bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ten-year Absolute Fracture Risk and Hip Bone Strength in Canadian Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: LEE JENNIFER J.Y. , AGHDASSI ELAHEH , CHEUNG ANGELA M. , MORRISON STACEY , CYMET ANNE , PEEVA VALENTINA , NEVILLE CAROLYN , HEWITT SARA , DaCOSTA DEBORAH , PINEAU CHRISTIAN , POPE JANET , FORTIN PAUL R.
Published: June 2012

Objective.

Women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at risk of osteoporosis (OP) and fractures because of SLE or its treatments. We aimed to determine in women with SLE (1) the prevalence of low bone mass (LBM) in those < 50 years of age and OP in those > 50 years of age; (2) the 10-year absolute fracture risk in those > 40 years of age using the Canadian Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX); (3) bone quality using hip structural analysis (HSA); and (4) the associations between HSA and age, SLE duration, and corticosteroid exposure.

Methods.

Women without prior OP fractures were eligible. Bone mineral densities at the hip, spine, and femoral neck were determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. OP was determined using World Health Organization definitions for participants aged ≥ 50 years (32.8%), and LBM was defined as Z-scores ≤ −2.0 for those aged < 50 years. For those aged ≥ 40 years (63.5%), the 10-year probabilities of a major fracture (FRAX-Major) and hip fracture (FRAX-Hip) were calculated. FRAX-Major ≥ 20% or Hip ≥ 3% was considered high risk. HSA was done in a subgroup (n = 81) of patients.

Results.

The study group was 271 women. Mean (SD) age was 43.8 (13.1) years and SLE duration was 11.6 (10.4) years. OP was diagnosed in 14.6% and LBM in 8.8%. FRAX-Major ≥ 20% was seen in 9 patients (5.3%), of whom 6 were taking OP medications. FRAX-Hip ≥ 3% occurred in 16 patients (9.4%), of whom 9 were taking OP medications. Buckling ratio at the left hip narrow neck was positively correlated with FRAX-Major, FRAX-Hip, SLE duration, and duration of corticosteroid use.

Conclusion.

LBM is prevalent in women with SLE who are < 50 years of age. FRAX may identify those at higher risk of fractures while HSA can assess bone structure noninvasively.
Persistent or New Onset Microscopic Hematuria in Patients with Small Vessel Vasculitis in Remission: Findings on Renal Biopsy
Authors: GEETHA DUVURU , SEO PHILIP , ELLIS CARLA , KUPERMAN MICHAEL , LEVINE STUART M.
Published: June 2012

Objective.

Hematuria is considered a sign of active renal disease in patients with small-vessel vasculitis. In patients who are in apparent clinical remission, presence of persistent or new-onset microscopic hematuria may reflect active vasculitis, damage, or other glomerular pathology.

Methods.

We identified 74 patients from the Johns Hopkins Renal Pathology database between 1995 and 2009 with the diagnosis of pauciimmune glomerulonephritis (GN). Among them we identified 9 who were in clinical remission and underwent a renal biopsy for evaluation of persistent or new-onset hematuria.

Results.

Nine patients with small-vessel vasculitis, 8 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive and 1 ANCA-negative, underwent a renal biopsy at variable time periods after remission of vasculitis (6 to 164 months) for persistent microscopic hematuria (n = 6) or new-onset microscopic hematuria (n = 3). All patients were in apparent clinical remission at the time of renal biopsy. Of the 3 patients presenting with new-onset hematuria, 2 had crescentic IgA nephropathy and 1 had healed crescentic pauciimmune GN. Of the 6 patients with persistent hematuria, 2 had arteriosclerosis, 2 had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and 2 had global and segmental glomerulosclerosis and healed crescentic GN, and none had active vasculitis.

Conclusion.

Microscopic hematuria in patients with renal vasculitis otherwise in remission could represent chronic glomerular injury from prior episode of vasculitis or may represent new glomerular pathology. Renal biopsy should be considered in these patients to guide therapy.
Serum S100A8/A9, But Not Follistatin-like Protein 1 and Interleukin 18, May Be a Useful Biomarker of Disease Activity in Adult-onset Still’s Disease
Authors: KIM HYOUN-AH , AN JEONG-MI , NAM JIN-YOUNG , JEON JA-YOUNG , SUH CHANG-HEE
Published: June 2012

Objective.

S100A8/A9, follistatin-like protein 1, and interleukin 18 (IL-18) have been suggested as biomarkers of disease activity in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis or adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD). We investigated the clinical significance of these factors in AOSD.

Methods.

Blood samples were collected from 36 patients with AOSD, 40 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 33 healthy controls. Of the patients with AOSD, followup samples were collected from 16 patients after resolution of disease activity.

Results.

Serum levels of S100A8/A9 (11.77 ± 8.84 μg/ml) in AOSD patients were higher than those in RA patients (3.53 ± 3.43 μg/ml; p < 0.001) and controls (2.49 ± 1.83 μg/ml; p < 0.001). Follistatin-like protein 1 levels in AOSD were not different from those in RA and controls. IL-18 levels in AOSD (7560.3 ± 7577.6 pg/ml) were higher than those in RA (217.7 ± 292.1 pg/ml; p < 0.001) and controls (139.2 ± 86.2 pg/ml; p < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of IL-18 for diagnosing AOSD was highest with a cutoff value of 366.1 pg/ml. Serum S100A8/A9 correlated with leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and systemic disease score; however, IL-18 correlated only with ferritin and systemic disease score. S100A8/A9 was decreased after disease activity was resolved in followup of AOSD patients (9.96 ± 7.35 μg/ml in active AOSD vs 3.6 ± 4.77 μg/ml in resolved cases; p = 0.001). The change of S100A8/A9 was well correlated with that of systemic disease score.

Conclusion.

The data suggest that serum S100A8/A9 may be a useful biomarker for evaluating disease activity in patients with AOSD.
La investigación en Educación Matemática a través de las publicaciones científicas españolas
Authors: Bracho-López Rafael , Maz-Machado Alexander , Gutiérrez-Arenas Pilar , Torralbo-Rodríguez Manuel , Jiménez-Fanjul Noelia Noemí , Adamuz-Povedano Natividad
Published: June 2012

Se presenta un estudio bibliométrico y de análisis de las redes de colaboración en los artículos de investigación en Educación Matemática publicados en una muestra de revistas españolas en el período 1999-2008. Para ello se han analizado los 774 artículos publicados en un conjunto de ocho revistas españolas representativas verificándose el cumplimiento de las leyes o patrones propios de la Cienciometría y comprobándose un bajo grado de colaboración científica entre los investigadores del área y también entre las instituciones.
Study on Feasibility Evaluation of Wind Power Generation Based on Grey-AHP
Authors: Tan Zuan , Fang Fang , Xu Bai Ting , Li Xin
Published: June 2012

The paper builds a Grey-AHP model, which combines gray relative analysis method and Analytic Hierarchy Process. Through analysis of the feasibility of wind power, it establishes the feasibility evaluation system of wind power generation. It evaluates the feasibility of wind power in a certain region by Grey-AHP model. Compared with the actual situation, it proves to that the results are credible and reliable, and also proves the applicability and practical value of the Grey-AHP model.
Research on the Art Design College's Computer Network Entrepreneurship Plat From
Authors: Wang Ming , Shan Tan
Published: June 2012

At present, in the artistic design education in Colleges of China appeared in the realm of" enterprise education" as the core content of the reform, obtained better result also gained experience. But there are also problems. Based on the innovative education of art design and professional characteristics analysis, proves the reality and necessity of the university construction of art design professional business platform for the network (hereinafter referred to as the “business platform for the network." ), the effectiveness in the promotion of university art design education, and it improve students' innovation ability. And the actual operation of the platform design to provide a preliminary exploration. In 2011 April Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, the Ministry of education to add “art” for the thirteenth disciplines, design upgrades for the first grade discipline. New courses to adapt to the development of China's economic, social, science and technology and higher education, also indicated that the promote of art and design disciplines’ academic status. Focus on scientific and technological advances in today's world, the horizon of knowledge economy, national competitiveness and education in the comprehensive national strength in the important role of art and design college design education is the most fundamental task is to nurture students to become innovative, professional skills intensive, with good employment entrepreneurship modern design professionals.
Properties and Synthesis of a Novel Unsymmetrical Photochromic Diarylethene Functional Material
Authors: Ding Hai Chang , Zheng Chun Hong , Pu Shou Zhi
Published: June 2012

A new unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene, 1-(3-thienyl)-2-(2- n-butyl-5-hydroxymethyl-3-thienyl) perfluoroncyclopentene (1a), was synthesized and its optoelectronic properties, such as photochromism and fluorescence in solution and in PMMA film were investigated. This compound exhibited remarkable photochromism, changing from colorless to pink after irradiation with UV light in hexane solution. The new diarylethene also exhibited relatively strong fluorescence by photoirradiation in solution and in PMMA film, and the fluorescence intensity decreased along with the photochromism upon irradiation 297 nm light and its closed-ring isomer showed almost no fluorescence
Effects of Pad Surface Topography on Disc Brake Squeal
Authors: Mat Lazim Ahmad Razimi , Abdul Hamid Mohd Kameil , Abu Bakar Abd Rahim
Published: June 2012

Brake squeal has always been a major NVH problem to many car makers due to significant number of warranty claims. Brake squeal is a high frequency noise (above 1 kHz) emanating from car disc brakes that get excited due to one or more mechanisms such as mode coupling, stick-slip, hammering and sprag-slip. This paper attempts to investigate the effects of brake pad surface topography on squeal generation. Two pairs of a non-asbestos organic (NAO) brake pad will be tested on a brake dynamometer test rig. Surface topography of the brake pad will be analyzed through microscopic techniques using energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and optical microscope.
Experimental Study on Fatigue Crack Propagation of through-Thickness Crack under Out-of-Plane Bending
Authors: Ju Xiao Chen , Kazuo Tateishi
Published: June 2012

In Japan, fatigue through-thickness cracks have been reported in steel bridges. Some of the cracks are originated by out-of-plane bending. For performing more efficient maintenance against the fatigue damages, it is essential to identify the crack propagation behavior of the through-thickness crack under out-of-plane bending. As an important factor to assess the crack propagation behavior, generally, stress intensity factor for through-thickness crack under bending was determined by some assumptions that crack front shape is straight in thickness direction. However, the actual crack front is curved under out-of-plane bending. In this paper, in order to identify the propagation behavior of through-thickness crack under out-of-plane bending, the fatigue test on through-thickness cracked plate was carried out. Moreover, through finite element analysis on the test specimen, the stress intensity factor along curved crack front was investigated.
The Seismic Behavior and Failure Form in Structure of Frame-Shear Wall of High-Rise Concrete Residential Building
Authors: Liu Xiao Yu , Dong Hui Hong
Published: June 2012

The high-rise concrete residential market has been a gradually urban mainstream in recent years, and frame-shear wall structure is more used for high-rise residential structures now. This kind of structure has the advantage that the combination of frame and shear wall make the space free and flexible, and therefore the whole structure has considerable rigidity. The structure can not only satisfy the needs for people living in comfortable, but also has good dynamic and static load bearing capacity. This paper analyzed the mechanics characteristics of the structure and summarized the two kinds of main failure modes of shear wall and frame structure in earthquake. On this basis, the main principles are put forward to improve the seismic behavior of the shear wall. And further some of specific measures and suggestions which can improve the seismic performance for the frame-shear structure are introduced.
Determination of the Complex Moduli of Viscoelastic Materials by a Free-Vibration Method
Authors: Li Yu Chun , Liang Jin Hu
Published: June 2012

Based on the finite-element vibration equations of viscoelastic beam in Laplace domain and the corresponding analytical solution, a semi-analytical frequency equation, which contains the complex modulus of the viscoelastic material, is derived. With several simple measuring instruments, the vibration parameters of the viscoelastic beams can be measured. According to the semi-analytical frequency equation, the complex modulus of the viscoelastic material can be calculated by a nonlinear programming algorithm. As an illustrative example, the vibration test of free-free beams made of viscoelastic expoxy composite material is presented. A five-parameter complex modulus is assumed and evaluated.
Experimental Study on Confinement Effectiveness of Different CFRP Hybridized Methods in Retrofitting Shear Deficient HSC Columns
Authors: Wang Su Yan , Cao Huai Chao , Lu Wei , Liu Yi
Published: June 2012

The effectiveness of four different carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) hybridized methods to retrofit the high strength concrete columns with shear capacity deficiency for improving the shear behavior is described in this paper. These retrofitting methods include the wrapped jacketing, the L-shaped jacketing combined with wrapped jacketing, the clamp plates plus wrapped jacketing and the L-shaped jacketing, clamp plates and wrapped jacketing. Five specimens were tested under low reversed cyclic loading. The influence of retrofitting on the failure mode, ductility, strength, stiffness degradation, and distribution of CFRP strain is analyzed. The results indicate that the retrofitted specimens exhibit high levels of ductility superior to the reference specimen. Among the four retrofitting methods, the effectiveness of method of only the wrapped jacketing is the worst, the method of the clamp plates plus wrapped jacketing has better performance compared to the method of the L-shaped jacketing combined with wrapped jacketing, and the method of the L-shaped jacketing, clamp plates and wrapped jacketing performs best.
Experimental Research on the Performance of Fiber Reinforced Plasterboard Filled with Concrete under Eccentric Axial Load
Authors: Huan Xiao Lin , Li Chang Liang
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the performances of the fiber reinforced plasterboard filled with concrete under eccentric axial load have been tested. There are three kind of test specimens filled with concrete every one, two or three holes separately. Some helpful performances and correlation rules are got, such as the cracking load, damage load, damaging character, relation of load-displacement and curve of load-strain. These could provide reference experimental data for the next theoretical analysis and engineering design.
Research on Optimization Design for Reinforcing Method of Irregular Cross-Section Arch
Authors: Chen Xu Yong , Liao Bihai , Li Jie
Published: June 2012

This article makes finite-element simulation and analysis on a reinforced two-way curved arch bridge by means of ANSYS, a tool of finite element numerical analysis. Through comparison with the testing results after reinforced, it validates feasibility and reasonability to analysze a reinforced two-way curved arch bridge using a physical unit of ANSYS. On basis of this, it brings forward an idea of optimization design and researches the real two bridges for optimization of reinforcement using ANSYS analyzing and mathematically statistical method. Through effects after and prior optimization, it demonstrates necessity for optimization design of reinforcement and attains some significant conclusions which provide theoretical basis to direct production in the future.
Finite Element Analysis on Exterior Joint of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure
Authors: Wei Chun Ming , Shao De Long , Su Hui , Zhao Qiang
Published: June 2012

To investigate the effect of the horizontal construction joint on seismic behavior of the exterior joint of the reinforced concrete frame structure, the numerical simulation of the exterior joint with the construction joint under the low cyclic loading was done. The experimental results and the numerical simulation values were compared. Seen from the ultimate load, the experiment value is 158.7kN, the simulation value is 170kN, the relative error is about 11%.Further analysis of the exterior joint of reinforced concrete frame skeleton properties, the feasibility of applying unit construction joints is verified.
Structural System Reliability Analysis for a Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge
Authors: Yu Bao Chu , Li Sheng Yong
Published: June 2012

A self-anchored suspension bridge is analyzed for its structural system reliability, and the bridge reliability is relatively high under vehicular load. Through seeking the distinct structural system fault modes the relatively weak structural elements can be identified, which can be the basis on its reasonable design and offer the reference to the analysis for the similar bridge structures. The results verify that the global -Unzipping method and the improved difference equivalent recursion algorithm is efficient and applicable for system reliability evaluation of the complex structures such as self-anchored suspension bridges.
Study on the Floor Damage Model of Hybrid Structure under Seismic Excitation
Authors: Zheng Shan Suo , Cao Wen Ping , Tao Qing Lin , Hou Pi Ji
Published: June 2012

Structural destroy is a development process that damage is accumulated gradually under earthquake, and the partial destruction leads to the overall damage, even structural collapse finally. Based on the damage model of beam, column and shear wall, the damage is studied from the component level, the most important design parameters which include bending strength ratios of beam to column, xial compression ratio and stiffness characteristic value are researched. Then the finite element numerical analysis software ABAQUS is used to analyze the influence of various component damage on seismic performance of floor. Finally, this paper adopts Weighting Coefficient Method to establish a reasonable model for the floor damage evaluation .It proves that the model can reflect the relationship between component damage and floor damage.
Seismic Analysis of the Single-Layered Cylindrical Grid Shell
Authors: Shen Cheng , Huang Cheng Wei , Gao Yong Lin
Published: June 2012

Among the long-span spatial structures, the grid shell has many advantages compared to the other spatial structures.Because of the combination of the reasonableness of mechanics and the economy production,and characteristics of the light-duty and the mature design methods,this structure has more wider application than the others.At present,the static stability problem of spatial grid shell structure has been well solved,but the research about dynamic properties and seismic performance is imperfect,especially about single-layered cylindrical grid shell.So this paper does some research about the seismic performance on the base of numerical analysis.
Effect to Fire Countermeasures in the Process of Energy Policy Adjustment
Authors: Ge Xiao Xia
Published: June 2012

Energy safety is key guarantee for national economy continual development，and fire safety in the process of energy development is important content of energy safety. In this paper, status quo of energy development was reviewed by energy progress strategy, and taking example for oil fire, fire cause and the relation of fire and energy increase were summarized. On the basis, issue fire safety was analyzed, and fire safety countermeasures ect were put forward, which were of great guiding significance to realize systemic and standardized management of energy fire fighting safety.
The Analysis of Influencing Factors on the Number of Storms
Authors: Wang Bin Hui , Wang Zhi Jian , Chen Si Ling
Published: June 2012

By using both parametric and non-parametric tests, noticed that both EI Nino and West African Wetness have significant impact on the number of storms. A Poisson Regression Model is then be used to further explores the impact of different variables to the number of storms. In particular, warm phase of EI Nino and dry weather has suppress impact on the number of storms while cold phase of Nino and wet weather encourage storms. Under the combination impact of both EI Nino and West African Wetness, the probability of occurrence of extreme storms is higher than under the other conditions.
Damage Evolution of the Interphase on C/SiC Composites with CZM Method
Authors: Chang Yan Jun , Li Zhuo , Zhang Ke Shi
Published: June 2012

Considering thermal residual stress and initial matrix crack, the cylinder FEM analysis model for C/SiC tow was established. The cohesive element and damage criterions were introduced to simulation the initiation and propagation of interphase crack processes of C/SiC composites. The thermal residual stresses release with the initial matrix crack and the cracking on interphase. The interphase crack length was dominated by the performance of interphase. Analysis demonstrated that the CZM model can simulate well the thermal residual stress and the delamination of the interphase.
Numerical Study on Shearing Properties of Profiled Steel Sheets
Authors: Zheng Jin , Chen Bo , Xu Hou Jun , Yang Yun Li
Published: June 2012

The structural diaphragm effects have been investigated in the past decades with major attention on the properties of diaphragm panels. The research observations made by the oversea researchers cannot be directly utilized to the design construction of Chinese light gauge steel structures due to the different configuration of profiled steel sheets, fasteners, and purlins in China. In this regard, the shearing strength and stiffness of diaphragm steel sheets are investigated in this study through numerical study. The profiled steel sheet and fastener are simulated by the ortho-anisotropic flat plate and three one dimensional nonlinear spring, respectively. The analytical models are developed for examining the shearing strength and stiffness induced by diaphragm effects of a cladding system. The made observations indicate that the diaphragm effects of the steel sheet on the structure are obvious.
Strain Gauge Based on Graphene
Authors: Ren Yu Jie , Zhu Chao Fu
Published: June 2012

In this paper, graphene grown by Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a Cu foil in a cold-wall furnace was used to fabrication the graphene strain gauge. The graphene membrane was patterned to wire grid shape on the Cu substrate by photolithography method in the clean room. The pattern was transferred to PDMS substrate and seal by it also to make graphene in a stable surroundings. Through the standard calibration, it was calculated that the linearity and multiplicity of the graphene strain gauge both were 0.0076%F.S.. Which indicated the good quality of the gauge. The gauge factor was 2.4, as the highest value as that of the alloy strain gauge. We also find the graphene strain gauge output increase proportionally with increasing curvature of its deformation.
Test Research on Flexural and Shear Properties of Bamboo Plywood
Authors: Wu Wen Qing , Chen Shuai , Ma Xue Yuan
Published: June 2012

This paper records the laboratory experiments on mechanical properties of bamboo plywood.According to related test codes, The mechanical properties such as bending modulus, bending capacities and shear modulus were calculated by specific formulas.All results were based on a series of tests conducted by the electronic universal testing machine and dial indicator . Bamboo plywood (including directed and nondirected) has satisfactory flexural and shear properties during the tests.Before tests,two surfaces of test block were defined as free surface and cutting surface corresponding to two loading directions.In different loading directions ,test block with the same size may behave different midspan deflections under the same cyclic load. Based on measured datas , the related mechanical modulus were gained , and the failure modes of bamboo plywood were discussed .
Study of the Mechanical Behaviors of Fabric Made of Polyester Fibers in the Corrosive Ozone Gas Environment
Authors: Liu Guo Ning , Zhao Hua Dong , Yang Wei , Wang Shuang Cheng , Zhao Ming Hao
Published: June 2012

Polyester textile is widely adopted in ordinary engineering applications where mechanical properties like high strength and relatively good plasticity are demanded at the same time. Though there has been some research on the change to its mechanical behavior in corrosive environments to study the effects of corrosion, for example, the ultraviolet (UV) light, the influence of corrosive media like ozone gas (O3) on its mechanical properties is rarely explored up to now. Here fabric made of polyester fibers is chosen to study the possible influence of ozone gas with extremely high concentration in the tensile strength as well as the failure behavior of this material. The aim of this research is at extending or expanding the application of polyester fabric to wider engineering areas through the study of the influence of extreme environment conditions in the mechanical properties of polyester fabric and the failure mechanism as well.
Structural Design Optimization for a Case of a High-Rise Comprehensive Building
Authors: Shao Ai Feng , Zhang Li Xin , Kang Hong Zhen
Published: June 2012

Framework-shearwall structure is a dual resistive system to lateral force, which should have reasonable arrangement of shear wall thickness and quantity. The thickness should be decreased successively along the height of a building so as to adjust the internal force and deformation of the framework and the shear wall, and give full play to each of their advantages under stresses and finally achieve the purpose of safety and economy.
Displacement-Based Seismic Design Method of Steel Moment Frame
Authors: Zhang Qian , Yue Ya Feng , Xiong Ergang
Published: June 2012

According to lots of documents previously studied, a seismic design method is put forward based on displacement for steel moment frame. This method is established in condition that the yield displacement of steel frame can be determined by its geometrical dimension; then the objective displacement (ultimate displacement) can be determined in light of performance level of the structure, and the corresponding coefficient of ductility can be obtained. Thereafter, the design base shear of steel frame structure can be calculated by the use of reduced elastic spectrum. Thus, the design of stiffness and capacity can be conducted on steel frame structure. The analysis of case study indicates that the displacement-based seismic design method addressed herein is of reasonable safety and reliability, and of operational convenience, which can still realize the seismic design of steel frame structure at different performance levels.
Study on the Stratum Displacement Changes Caused by the Vertical Shaft Construction in Saturated Ultra Soft Soil
Authors: Pan Lin You , Li Xiao Bing , Yu Chuang , Sun Fu Xue
Published: June 2012

In view of Wenzhou saturated super soft soil, This article studied the influence of different soil parameters for the shaft excavation construction and the stratum displacement change law by using Plaxis finite element software, according to the data obtained in field tests. The considered factors included the lateral brace stiffness, the stiffness of the underground diaphragm wall, and the surrounding soil disturbance. The calculation results provided much important engineering information, such as the horizontal displacement nephogram, the vertical displacement nephogram and the total displacement incremental vector diagram of each construction steps, which can be referred for the construction of the similar underground projects in soft soil areas.
Displacements around Two Closely Adjacent Circular Openings
Authors: Yan Li , Yang Jun Sheng
Published: June 2012

Deformations of the tunnels may results in settlements of the ground surface. Based on the characters of deformation of twin closely adjacent tunnels excavated, a basic deformation mechanism of two parallel tunnels constructed close together was present, which is not uniform but oval-shaped ground deformation pattern and represent the ground loss occurred during construction of the tunnels. An improved convergence model of the tunnel boundary for twin closely adjacent tunnels and the related expressions are proposed. Using a computer package FLAC2D, the certain given deformations as the boundary condition were applied to the boundaries of two tunnels, and the surface settlements caused by the excavation of two tunnels were obtained. It is found that the results match well with the measured field results.
Cutting Stability Analysis under the Influence of Blasting
Authors: Xiao Peng Fei , Gao Wen Xue , Hou Bing Hui , Chen Ning Ning
Published: June 2012

The blasting effect is an important factor to influence the stability of the slope blasting construction, understanding the reasons of the slope instability under blasting construction, taking reasonable effective protective measures, which can greatly reduce slope instability phenomena during the construction. Combining with the 111 national highway (Tanghekou ~Beijing boundary) reconstruction project, through numerical simulation, using strength reduction fem for time history analysis, discuss under blast loads slope's the stress field, displacement field and the spread rule of vibration wave, systematically analysis blasting excavation impact on slope stability summarizing in construction process the question should be pay attention ,which can be a guidance for relevant similar engineering design and construction.
The Research for the Technology of Inner Struck Pile and the Coefficient of Pile Endpoint Resistance
Authors: Yin Xin Sheng , Cai Jing Wei , Ba Pang Feng
Published: June 2012

This document introduces a kind of new technology including testing pile, making pile, measuring pile----the technology of the inner struck pile. The mechanism for the inner struck piles and small area method for testing pile was explained. The coefficient of the pile endpoint resistance was calculated in different depth with the finite element software and it's variation was analyzed with different parameters' variation (cohesion, friction angle, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio). The result shows that the value of the coefficients of the pile endpoint resistance reduces with the rising of the value of depth and the value is affected by the size of the pile head and the soil parameters.
Study on Deformation Parameters in Dynamic Compaction Desert Foundation
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Bao Yuan
Published: June 2012

This paper studies on deformation parameters through plate loading test (PLT) of some different areas plate, Standard penetration test (SPT) and laboratory test in Dynamic Compaction (DC) desert foundation in Inner Mongolia based on engineering practice. According to the result of experiment, it established relationships between deformation modulus and SPT counts values, compression modulus and SPT counts values, compression modulus and dry density, that can gain experience for detection of DC in similar site.
Generalized Limit Equilibrium Method for Slope Stability Analysis
Authors: Huang Chuan Zhi , Cao Yong Hua , Sun Wan He
Published: June 2012

On the basis of the limit equilibrium method and the physical significance of Coulomb’s yield criteria, extremum conditions of yield functions is established, which will be the fundamental equations for the limit analysis of soil mass. Once the stress equation along a sliding surface is available, the normal stress on the sliding surface can be obtained, a new limit analysis method, generalized limit equilibrium method (GLEM), can be established. With the generalized limit equilibrium method, an analysis method to solve the problem of slope stability can be obtained without introducing any other assumptions or simplified conditions but the sliding surface. With this algorithm, any discretionally possible sliding surface can be trial calculated and the least value of the calculated results of different sliding surfaces is taken as the safety factor. As long as a selected sliding surface is close to the true sliding surface, the derived safety factor will be approximate to the genuine solution to a problem of slope stability.
Contrast Analysis of Data Processing Method Based on the MATLAB in Compaction Test
Authors: Yu Zhi Wei , Cheng Sheng Guo
Published: June 2012

Abstract. The data of compaction test is processed by use of numerical method and least-squares fitting method respectively through MATLAB software. After a simple comparative analysis of the two results, this paper aims to reach the conclusion that when the distribution of test data points consistent with the characteristics of soil compaction, it is better and more accurate to use numerical method.
Numerical Analysis of Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Embedded Foundation
Authors: Mei Ling , Zhou Ai Zhao , Jiang Peng Ming
Published: June 2012

Soil is divided for finding the ultimate bearing capacity of foundation with given buried depth and size. Supposing a uniform load acts on the foundation, Mindlin’s integral formula and corner points method are used to get extra stress of every mesh knot by MATLAB program, then the principal stress is found. Combining with failure criterion, MATLAB program is used to find coordinates of points which are destroyed. Using graphic processing function of MATLAB, the failure points are showed in the coordinate. Increasing the rectangular uniform load, the failure points are found until these points can form a continuous failure surface. This rectangular load is the ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation. The method can avoid errors brought by unreasonable hypotheses of the empirical formulas; and the three-dimensional failure surface of the foundation soil is obtained.
Analysis on Formation Mechanism and Stability of Nierwan Landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Lu Shu Qiang , Yi Qing Lin , Yi Wu
Published: June 2012

Suffering the influence of the Three Gorges Reservoir impounding, Nierwan landslide already has produced very big transmutation, whose destructiveness and influence are great and wide. First, this paper introduces the characteristics of geology, structure and deformation of the landslide. On the basis of the study mentioned above, the formation mechanism and influencing factors of the landslide are deeply analyzed. Finally this paper adopts transfer coefficient method to calculate and evaluate the stability. According to study, the landslide is in the status of creeping or failure. So Nierwan Landslide needs to be controlled recently.
Experimental Research on Producing Thermal Insulating Bonding Mortar by Spent Polystyrene Foam
Authors: Cai Li Peng
Published: June 2012

In this paper, thermal insulating bonding mortar has been produced by the spent polystyrene foam particles, cement, sand, tackifier and water etc. It shows that thermal insulation performance and compressive strength of thermal insulating bonding mortar are similar with those of aerated concrete by comparison tests. In this paper, the new wall is made by thermal insulating bonding mortar and aerated concrete blocks, and the results show the thermal insulating performance of this wall can be improved and its cold bridge impact can be eliminated too. Correspondingly, the energy saving effect of buildings can be improved rapidly.
Study on Cultural Characteristics of Qingdao's Historical Buildings Built in German Occupation Period
Authors: Zhao Peng Fei , Tao Bin
Published: June 2012

A large-scale urban construction was carried out in Qingdao during German Occupation Period (1897-1914) as the first upsurge in Qingdao's urban development. Influenced by western architectural culture, buildings, as cultural carriers, embody the culture and arts of the specific historical period and reflect the architectural and cultural trends appeared in urban development and social evolution.
Optimal Design of Steel Structure Residential Buildings in Xinjiang Region
Authors: Huang Xian Ning , Jiang Shu Guang
Published: June 2012

There are a long winter and a short outdoor construction period in Xinjiang, being an earthquake-prone area. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for the development of steel structure residential buildings. This article explains the current problems in the design of steel structure residential buildings in Xinjiang region. For example, the backward concept of design, the random design of kitchen and bathroom, which leads to too many specifications, being not conducive to industrial production and large amount of steel using , etc. The optimal design ideas were put forward, which included architectural specialty to be dominant, standardized and conventionalized design, serialized, modular and flexible layout. Finally, an example of optimal design was given.
Building Materials and Humanity
Authors: Luo Jian Guo , He Mao Yan
Published: June 2012

Humankind simmered with limitless appetency but never satisfied entirely, the weakness of humanity is too much appetency, whether for human’s survive or for development. The process of making tools is the result under the action of humanity, drived by natural attributes and free attributes of humanity, on one hand, drived by internalized natural attributess of seeking for safety, comfort and self-realization, and exterior natural attributess of lazy, jealousy and selfish, humankind devote themselves to the pursuance for physical and psychic wealth, the individual interests realized under the sake of realization of group’s interests. On the other hand, in view of the fact that the human society exist in country and nationality, whether individual or groups dominated by free attributess of humanity, lead the development of each industry through law and guild regulations, as well as the development of building materials included. The development of building materials is a mirror of human’s development history, building materials is the historical result of the revolution of production tools, it is the arm to change humankind and the world, it’s appearance, renovation and disuse as a reslult of humanity, it include the characteristics and contents of humanity, it represent the weakness and mightiness of humanity.
Research on Shield Crossing the Dense Buildings in Shallow Soil Covering
Authors: Xu Chun Mei , Chen Lu , Liu Yuan Cai
Published: June 2012

Combine with the practice of Kunming city first-phase subway project construction, detailedly introduce the success construction experiences of shield crossing the dense buildings in the unfavorable conditions of shallow soil covering, big gradient, curve in small radius, complex geological condition and upgrade excavation etc. in the paper. Reasonable choosing the grout of synchronization grouting and the main technical parameters of shield tunneling on supporting pressure of working chamber, tunneling speed, total thrust, cutter head torque and excavation quantity etc., and strengthen the link of secondary grouting and technology management, the amount of settlement and uplift of the ground and the buildings can be effectively controlled.
Energy Efficiency Design Strategy of Commercial Building in Northeast Cold Regions
Authors: Fu Yao , Zhang Tian Heng
Published: June 2012

From the point of view of architectural design, envelope location, selection, and identify programs of envelope structure in the modern commercial building, give priority to the establishment of image of shopping malls , creating the mood of commercial and other factors. The paper will establish the appropriate model to the impact of the shape coefficient of Commercial building energy consumption in cold regions, validity analysis used the building energy evaluation software named Autodesk Ecotect to provide adequate theoretical basis of energy conservation design strategies.
Study of Plasma Cladding Ni-Based Compound Powder Layers on Q235 Steel
Authors: Wang Zhi Xin , Qian Li , Yang Wei Tie
Published: June 2012

By plasma cladding technology, the Ni60B/TiC composite coating metallurgically bonded to Q235 steel were prepared using Ni-based alloy and TiC powders. The microstructure formation mechanism of the clad layers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The microhardness distribution and wear resistance of the specimens were tested. The results show that metallurgical combination is achieved between coating and substrate, the microstructure of composite coating is composed of dendrite γ-Ni, α-Fe, added TiC and FeNi. The hardness and wear resistance of composite coating have relationship with TiC particles content and TiC particles distribution. The hardness and wear resistance increase with the increase of TiC particles content.
Research on Ordinary Old Dwellings Preservation in the Suburbs - Taking Shanghai Qingpu District as an Example
Authors: Chen Yu , Zheng Wei
Published: June 2012

Based on ‘Survey Report of ancient villages, old dwellings and characteristic villages or habitations in Shanghai Qingpu District’, we have studied 144 villages and analyzed the reason for dilemma of ordinary old buildings’ preservation in China suburbs nowadays and offered several relevant advices for improvement including recognizing of the their values and economic interests
Zoning and the Special Theater District in New York
Authors: Jiang Hao , Jiang Si Jia
Published: June 2012

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of New York City’s attempts to promote its theater industry through zoning tools, which sheds light on balancing historic preservation and sustainable development. Using the original zoning resolutions and secondary data, this paper will analyze the changing problems, solutions, costs and benefits of setting up a Special Theater (Sub)District in order to protect a socially-desirable use and to recapture the value of private development at the same time. It will conclude that landmarking the theaters to be preserved provided them with legal protection and substantial funds created by the transfers of development rights (TDRs), while controls on Floor Area Ratio (FAR), usage and contextual requirements effectively shaped the area’s three dimensional form; the Special Theater Subdistrict has been highly successful.
Study on Organizational Design of Enterprise Project Management
Authors: Wang Ya Ning , Zhao Yi Hong
Published: June 2012

Enterprise project management (EPM) is a new enterprise managing pattern, which organizational design of enterprise needs to fit with. The characteristics of project organization and enterprise organization are analyzed, and organizational requirement of enterprise project management are discussed. Based on these analyses, the paper puts forward organization forms of enterprise project management, and discusses how to select the enterprise project management organization (EPM organization).
Cost Management in Project Alliancing: An Exploratory Investigation
Authors: Chen Gang , Zhang Guo Min , Xie Mike
Published: June 2012

This study aims to explore cost management strategies and supporting techniques used in project alliancing. Survey results show that cost management in project alliancing has most features of target costing. More importantly, it was found that cost management in project alliancing, supported by a sophisticated risk/reward arrangement, aligns contracting parties’ interests toward the achievement of owner’s project objectives and links contracting parties’ financial pain/gain with both cost and non-cost areas of performance.
Exploration on the New Mode of Safety Management in Traffic Construction Project
Authors: Zhen Wang , Lu Chun Qi
Published: June 2012

This paper analyzes not only the present management mode of safety production in traffic construction project, but also the main problems existed in safety production of different management modes, so as to offer a new mode of safety management in traffic construction project-intermediary organs for security services involving in the safety management. It studies on the qualifications, rank, responsibilities, rights and obligations of the safety management engineer, also the expert group’s composition, structure, quantity and working contents.
Measurement of Safety Performance of Construction Sites Using the Improved Grey Correlation Analysis
Authors: Zhong Zuo Wei , Xu Peng , Kang Xiao Long
Published: June 2012

This paper proposes an improved evaluation model combining grey correlation analysis and AHP method that measures the safety performance of construction site. The safety assessment index system was established relating the actual condition of construction site. The weight of each assessment index was calculated through AHP model which use in grey correlation analysis for breaking through the limitations of conventional method. Then, the grey correlation degree was obtained through calculating the weighted means of grey correlation coefficient, and then, the rank of safety performance level of construction sites was determined. Through this improvement, the assessment results can be more scientific and functional. The effectiveness of our methodology was verified with an empirical study. The results show that this method can be an effective tool to predict the safety performance of construction projects sites, which is useful to reduce the occurrence of the construction safety misadventure.
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Civil Engineering Construction Safety Accident
Authors: Zhu Gui Rong , Wei Zhao Bin , Liu Hong Wei
Published: June 2012

For many risk events in civil engineering construction have the property of “the connotation is explicit, the extension is vague”, the influencing factors of civil engineering construction safety accident are measured with the membership degree in fuzzy mathematics. The weight of indexes of various influencing factors is calculated with the method of analytic hierarchy process, thus a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for civil engineering safety accident is given, which is a new qualitative and quantitative solution method and makes it become possible for the early warning of civil engineering construction safety accident. In the end, it is demonstrated with an actual example for the availability of the model in the early warning.
Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Subjected to Impact Loading
Authors: Liu Hai Feng , Ning Jian Guo
Published: June 2012

A 74-mm-diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) is used to test the dynamic mechanical behavior of concrete and cement mortar. Experimental results show that concrete and cement mortar are rate-dependent. The load-carrying capacity of concrete is higher than that of cement mortar. Whereas, the maximum strain of concrete is lower than that of cement mortar. No matter for concrete or cement mortar, with the increase of impact velocity, the fragment size of specimens after experiment decreases.