bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What is the stable internal fixation for the unstable and osteoporotic supracondylar femoral fractures: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Rao Jianwei , Zhang Junchao , Ye Zhou , Zhang Liguang , Xu Jiangbao
Published: September 2023

Background:
Osteoporotic supracondylar femoral fractures (OSFF) have historically been managed by the lateral anatomical locking plate with reasonable success. However, for some kinds of unstable and osteoporotic supracondylar femoral fractures (UOSFF), especially with bone defects, unilateral locking plate (ULLP) fixation failed or resulted in implant breakage. This paper is going to explore what is the stable internal fixation for UOSFF by adding the bilateral locking plate (BLLP) fixation.
Methods:
OSFF models were divided into two groups according to the fracture line type, which would be further subdivided according to their angle of fracture line, presence of bone defect, location and degree of bone defect. Thereafter, kinds of locking plate fixation were constructed. A 2010-N load was applied to the femoral head, and a 1086-N load was applied to the greater trochanter. In this condition, the maximum von Mises stress distribution of models were investigated.
Results:
Firstly, it was obviously found that the stress concentration in the BLLP group was more dispersed than that in the ULLP group. Secondly, according to the fracture line analysis, the stress value of fracture line type in “\” model group was higher than that of “/” model group. Moreover, with the increase of fracture line angle, the stress value of the model increased. Thirdly, from the bone defect analysis, the stress value of the medial bone defect (MBD) model group was higher than that of the lateral bone defect (LBD) model group. And as the degree of bone defect increased, the stress value increased gradually in the model group.
Conclusion:
In the following four cases, lateral unilateral locking plate fixation cannot effectively stabilize the fracture end, and double locking plate internal fixation is a necessary choice. First, when the angle of the fracture line is large (30, 45). Second, when the fracture line type is “/”. Third, when the bone defect is large.Fourth, when the bone defect is medial.
Comparative Transcriptome Combined with Morphophysiological Analyses Revealed Carotenoid Biosynthesis for Differential Chilling Tolerance in Two Contrasting Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wu Xiang , Chen Yulin , Ji Guangmei , Ma Xinling , Zhang Yuping , Xiang Jing , Wang Yaliang , Wang Zhigang , Li Liangtao , Chen Huizhe , Zhang Yikai
Published: September 2023

Early spring cold spells can lead to leaf chlorosis during the rice seedling greening process. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the rice greening process under low-temperature conditions remain unknown. In this study, comparative transcriptome and morphophysiological analyses were performed to investigate the mechanisms mediating the responses of the Koshihikari (Kos) and Kasalath (Kas) rice cultivars to chilling stress. According to their growth-related traits, electrolyte leakage, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, Kos was more tolerant to low-temperature stress than Kas. Moreover, chloroplast morphology was more normal (e.g., oval) in Kos than in Kas at 17°C. The comparative transcriptome analysis revealed 610 up-regulated differentially expressed genes that were common to all four comparisons. Furthermore, carotenoid biosynthesis was identified as a critical pathway for the Kos response to chilling stress. The genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway were expressed at higher levels in Kos than in Kas at 17°C, which was in accordance with the higher leaf carotenoid content in Kos than in Kas. The lycopene β-cyclase and lycopene ε-cyclase activities increased more in Kos than in Kas. Additionally, the increases in the violaxanthin de-epoxidase and carotenoid hydroxylase activities in Kos seedlings resulted in the accumulation of zeaxanthin and lutein and mitigated the effects of chilling stress on chloroplasts. These findings have clarified the molecular mechanisms underlying the chilling tolerance of rice seedlings during the greening process.
Large-Scale Cultural Heritage Conservation and Utilization Based on Cultural Ecology Corridors: A Case Study of the Dongjiang-Hanjiang River Basin in Guangdong, China
Authors: Sun Ying , Wang Yushun
Published: September 2023

In China, cultural heritage conservation is benefiting from a trend of regionalization and integration. Additionally, the combination of culture and surroundings has typically been a requirement for international heritage conservation. Through the construction of large-scale cultural ecology corridors, heritage and surroundings can be integrated to explore the interaction between culture and natural ecology.The Dongjiang and Hanjiang River Basin is a representative area with great cultural and ecological value for both Guangdong Province and the whole country. However, some problems exist, such as the significant isolation of cultural heritage sites, the insufficient connectivity of ecological patches and the insufficient development of the cultural ecology economy. Morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA), minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) and other methods were used to construct the cultural ecology corridor of the Dongjiang-Hanjiang River Basin, coordinate cultural and ecological resources, and establish a cross-regional and large-scale cultural and surroundings research framework. To realize the overall conservation and utilization of cultural ecology resources in the basin, pass on Lingnan culture, promote the overall development of heritage sites along the corridor, and create a demonstration base for the conservation and value of Chinese cultural ecology, efforts should be implemented to clarify the cultural routes, repair the natural ecological system and build a corridor cultural ecology economic belt. At both the national and international level, these actions address current human conservation and construction requirements for better cultural and ecological environments; furthermore, they are important for achieving sustainable development.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Improving Outcomes using a Maximal Lung Protection Strategy and Early Surgery
Authors: Bromiker Ruben , Sokolover Nir , Ben-Hemo Inbar , Idelson Ana , Gielchinsky Yuval , Almog Anastasia , Zeitlin Yelena , Herscovici Tina , Klinger Gil
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel protocol, adopted in our institution, for improving outcomes of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)
Mehtods: A maximal lung protection (MLP) protocol was implemented in 2019. This strategy included immediate use of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) after birth, during stay at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and during surgical repair. HFOV strategy included low distending pressures and higher frequencies (15 Hz) with subsequent lower tidal volumes. Surgical repair was performed early, within 24 hours of birth, if possible.
A retrospective study of all inborn neonates prenatally diagnosed with CDH and without major associated anomalies was performed at the NICU of Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel between 2009 and 2022. Survival rates and pulmonary outcomes of neonates managed with MLP were compared to standard care.
Results: 33 neonates were managed with the MLP protocol vs. 39 neonates that were not. Major adverse outcomes decreased including death rate from 46% to 18% (p= 0.012), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation from 39% to 0% (p<0.001) and pneumothorax from 18% to 0% (p=0.013).
Conclusion(s): MLP with early surgery significantly improved survival and additional adverse outcomes of neonates with CDH. Prospective randomized studies are necessary to confirm the findings of the current study.
Biochar from digestate pyrolysis as a filler for biopolymer blends: effect of blend composition
Authors: Infurna Giulia , Botta Luigi , Ingargiola Irene , Maniscalco Marco , Caputo Giuseppe , Dintcheva Nadka Tz.
Published: September 2023

This study investigates biochar (BC) composites based on biopolymer blends, focusing on the effect of the biopolymer weight ratio on the final BC composites. The blends studied in this work were obtained by varying the weight ratio of poly-butylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) and polylactic acid (PLA) due to their great importance in packaging and agricultural fields. In particular, BC has been produced in our laboratories by the slow pyrolysis of the digestate obtained from the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). The effect of BC on PBAT and PLA biopolymer matrices is different, and for the blend compositions the relative weight ratio between PBAT and PLA plays an important role. In order to better investigate the filler/polymer interactions, biochar particles were dimensionally, morphologically and chemically characterised. The biocomposite blend has been fully characterised: Rheological, morphological, mechanical and dynamic-mechanical characterisations have been carried out, highlighting that a strong chemical interaction occurs between PLA and BC particles.
Real-world dispensing of buprenorphine in California during prepandemic and pandemic periods
Authors: Wang Yun , Chan Alexandre , Beuttler Richard , Schneberk Todd , Nichol Michael
Published: September 2023

Buprenorphine, the primary take-home medication for individuals with moderate to severe opioid use disorder (OUD), faced potential disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. While previous studies have focused on short-term effects, our comprehensive analysis spans 33 months, leveraging California's prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP). Our findings reveal that the pandemic moderated the growth of prescriber numbers but had minimal impact on monthly patient volumes, prescriptions, or daily dosage.
Protein restriction slows the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease in mice
Authors: Babygirija Reji , Sonsalla Michelle M. , Han Jessica H. , James Isabella , Green Cara L. , Calubag Mariah F. , Mill Jericha , Wade Gina , Tobon Anna , Michael John , Trautman Michaela M. , Matoska Ryan , Yeh Chung-Yang , Grunow Isaac , Pak Heidi H. , Rigby Michael J. , Denu John M. , Puglielli Luigi , Simcox Judith , Lamming Dudley W.
Published: September 2023

Over the last decade, it has become evident that dietary protein is a critical regulator of metabolic health and aging. Low protein diets are associated with healthy aging in humans, and we and others have shown that dietary protein restriction (PR) extends the lifespan and healthspan of mice. Here, we examined the effect of PR on metabolic health and the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the 3xTg mouse model of AD. We found that PR has metabolic benefits for 3xTg mice and non-transgenic controls of both sexes, promoting leanness and glycemic control in 3xTg mice. We found that PR induces sex-specific alterations in circulating metabolites and in the brain lipidome, downregulating sphingolipid subclasses including ceramides, glucosylceramides, and sphingomyelins in 3xTg females. Consumption of a PR diet starting at 6 months of age reduced AD pathology in conjunction with reduced mTORC1 activity, increased autophagy, and had cognitive benefits for 3xTg mice. Finally, PR improved the survival of 3xTg mice. Our results demonstrate that PR slows the progression of AD at molecular and pathological levels, preserves cognition in this mouse model of AD, and suggests that PR or pharmaceutical interventions that mimic the effects of this diet may hold promise as a treatment for AD.
MYCOTIC ANEURYSM OF INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY CAUSED BY SALMONELLA SPP. INFECTION: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   General Practitioner, Mitra Keluarga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia., Hanif Muhammad , Fadhilazka Tiara Zahra ,   General Practitioner, Pondok Jati Mother and Child Hospital, Sidoarjo, Indonesia., Lusman Rikky ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Mitra Keluarga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Published: September 2023

Mycotic aneurysm (MA) is an extremely rare disease caused by secondary infection, one of the most common causes is Salmonella spp. A male patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with edema on the left lower limb, fever, abdominal pain radiating to the back, and was suspicious of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT). Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis and elevated inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, with Salmonella spp. detected in the blood culture, and the image of MA with thrombus presented on the run-off CT scan with contrast. The patient was scheduled to undergo Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) procedure. However, he suddenly had a cardiac arrest on the sixth day of treatment before surgery, caused by suspected pulmonary embolism with suspected DVT. MA has a high mortality rate (around 40%) with a high risk of aneurysm rupture, however, pulmonary embolism has been reported as a cause of death in MA patients with DVT. In addition to rapid diagnosis, aggressive yet adequate therapy, namely surgery and long-term intravenous antibiotics, is crucial.
THEORICAL INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECTS OF THE FIN-TUBE CONTACT ZONES ON THE EXCHANGED CONVECTIVE HEAT FLUX BETWEEN A FINNED-TUBE AIR-COOLED CONDENSER AND ITS SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   RenewableEnergyResearchTeam,MaterialsandLaser,DepartmentofPhysic,UFRSATIC,UniversityAliouneDIOPofBambey (UADB), Bambey 21400, BP30,Senegal, BOP Ibra , SANE Lansana ,   RenewableEnergyResearchTeam,MaterialsandLaser,DepartmentofPhysic,UFRSATIC,UniversityAliouneDIOPofBambey (UADB), Bambey 21400, BP30,Senegal, Nourou DIOP Seydou ,   RenewableEnergyResearchTeam,MaterialsandLaser,DepartmentofPhysic,UFRSATIC,UniversityAliouneDIOPofBambey (UADB), Bambey 21400, BP30,Senegal, Dieng Biram ,   RenewableEnergyResearchTeam,MaterialsandLaser,DepartmentofPhysic,UFRSATIC,UniversityAliouneDIOPofBambey (UADB), Bambey 21400, BP30,Senegal
Published: September 2023

Adding fins on the tubes of an air-cooled condenser allows to increase its heat transfer area.The purpose of this work is to investigate on the effects of the tube-fin contact zones on thecondenserconvectiveheattransferwiththesurroundingair.Itproposesamethodofdetermining the condenser outer surface and a ratio which compares the losses to the heat fluxgainsduetotheinputoffins.Thisratiocharacterizestheinfluenceofthefin-tubecontactzoneson the exchanged convective heat flux and informs whether or not their effect has to be takeninto account. The developed model allowed to obtain relations which give the condensereffective exchange outer surface which participates to convective heat transfers. The obtainedresults using Matlab software show that the ratio of the losses to the heat flux gains does notdepend on the number of fins. However, it increases with the number of tubes, with their outerdiameterandwiththefinthickness.Itisfoundthat,whenthisratioislessthan0.026,theeffectsof the fin-tube contact zones on the condenser convective heat transfer can be neglected.Otherwise,theseeffectshavetobetakenintoaccountwhendeterminingthecondenserexchanged heat fluxwith its outer environment.
SUM CORDIAL LABELING OF CORONA PRODUCT GRAPH OF PATH TO PATH
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Kalinga University, New Raipur, Chhattisgarh-492101, India., Gulab Minj Dibya , Jagannadha Rao G.V.V. ,   Department of Mathematics, Kalinga University, New Raipur, Chhattisgarh-492101, India., Kujur Chiranjilal ,   Department of Mathematics, St. Josephs College Darjeeling, West Bangal-734101, India.
Published: September 2023

In this paper the researcher studies on the labeling of Corona Product Graph of Path to Path by admitting the certain condition of Sum cordial labeling. A sum cordial labeling of a graph is a binary labeling with vertex set V, with edge labeling f:E(G) {0,1},defined by f(uv)=(f(u)+f(v))(mod2) if |vf(0)-vf(1)|â‰¤1and |ef(0)-ef(1)|â‰¤1. A graph G is Sum cordial if it admits Sum cordial labeling.
A SCOPING REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF SPIRITUALITY IN DEALING WITH LOSS AND GRIEF AMONG CANCER PATIENTS
Authors:   Department of Psychology, International Islamic University Malaysia., Ismail Shehenaz , Mohamad Mardiana ,   Department of Psychology, International Islamic University Malaysia., Hanum Abdul Khaiyom Jamilah ,   Department of Psychology, International Islamic University Malaysia., Adawiah Dzulkifli Mariam ,   Department of Psychology, International Islamic University Malaysia.
Published: September 2023

Cancer is one of the most commonly occurring terminal illnesses across the globe affecting millions of people and their loved ones. When someone experiences such a terminal illness, the experience is negatively perceived creating a loss and grief reaction which affects the persons psychospiritual aspects of life. Many patients and caregivers adopt various coping strategies including spiritual concepts. Hence this study aims to review existing literature to understand the role of spirituality in dealing with the loss and grief experiences of cancer patients. A search on Ebsco Discovery Service was conducted for peer-reviewed, English, full-text academic articles between January 2017 to December 2020. A total of 602 articles were found, out of which 13 articles were accepted after screening for eligibility. Allthese 13 articles are reported in this paper. From the 13 articles major 4 themes were extracted which are, belief in God, having faith and hope, Spiritual acts, and comfort through a higher power.
ASSOCIATIONBETWEEN VIDEO GAMES AND BODY MASS INDEX AMONG INTERMEDIATE SCHOOLS STUDENTS IN JEDDAH, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
Authors:   Preventive Medicine Resident, Preventive Medicine Postgraduate Program, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Mosfer Al-Zahrani Mazen , Hassan Alghamdi Amal ,   Preventive Medicine Consultant, Preventive Medicine Postgraduate Program, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Published: September 2023

Introduction:Adolescents in various regions of the world believe playing video games to be a popular method to pass the time. Adolescents physical well-being may be harmed by their time spent playing video games. This could be due to a lack of physical activity and unhealthy eating habits, both of which can lead to obesity. This study examined the association between video game playing and body mass index among adolescents in intermediate schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods:This is an observational study which was done by recruiting 345 male students in intermediate students at Jeddah city. A basic measurement of body weight and height with closed-ended interview-based questionnaire was used to collect data from participants. Data were collected using multistage sample from schools and intermediate classes. Regression analysis was use to estimate video-gaming risks and to adjust for confounding factors. Results:A total of 345 students were surveyed and the majority of the respondents were of Saudi nationality, comprising 82.9% of the sample. The educational level of the parents varied, but a notable proportion had obtained a university degree. In terms of BMI grades, the largest proportion fell into the normal category (46.0%), followed by overweight (26.8%) and underweight (10.3%). A smaller percentage fell into obesity class I (14.2%), obesity class III (1.8%), obesity class II (0.9%). The largest proportion of the participants engaged in gaming sessions 3-4 times a week (35.7%), followed by twice a week (20.9%) and 4 times a week (11.0%).The majority of respondents reported playing video games 4-6 times per week (39.9%), followed by every day (35.9%) and â‰¤3 times per week (24.2%). When asked if they play video games as a means to escape from problems or negative emotions, 40.3% responded Sometimes and 12.8% responded Always. A large majority (86.1%) had a video game system in their bedroom. Conclusions:The prevalence of excessive video games playing is high among intermediate-school students with the majority of the students play almost every day. The findings from this study suggest that physical exercise, time-playing per week, and age are important determinants of BMI in schoolchildren and adolescents.
EVALUATION OF THE HEALTH QUALITY OF PLANTAIN BANANA CHIPS SOLD IN COCODY (ABIDJAN, COTE DIVOIRE): CASE OF COLIFORMS AND AEROBIC MESOPHILIC GERMS
Authors:   Training and Research Unit Biosciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agriculture and Valorization of Biological Resources, Pedagogy and Research Unit of Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Ivory Coast., Justine Assanvo Bomo , Michel Niamke Arthur ,   Department of Biochemistry- Genetics, Biological Sciences Training and Research Unit, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, PO Box 1328, Korhogo, Cote dIvoire., Mathias Koffi Kouame ,   Training and Research Unit Biosciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agriculture and Valorization of Biological Resources, Pedagogy and Research Unit of Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Ivory Coast.,   Central Laboratory for Food Hygiene and Agro-industry, National Laboratory for Agricultural Development Support (LANADA), 04 BP 612 Abidjan 04, Cote dIvoire., Kelly Dago Ramzie ,   Training and Research Unit Biosciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agriculture and Valorization of Biological Resources, Pedagogy and Research Unit of Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Ivory Coast., Irene Kouadio Ahou ,   Training and Research Unit Biosciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agriculture and Valorization of Biological Resources, Pedagogy and Research Unit of Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Felix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Ivory Coast.
Published: September 2023

In Abidjan, the economic capital of Cote dIvoire, chips of plantain banana are widely consumed foods. They are generally products of satisfactory quality regarding their cooking temperature in oil (200Â°C). However, the lack of hygiene during their packaging and display on roadsides can lead to a risk of bacterial contamination that may cause food poisoning. For contributing to the microbiological quality of these chips and guarantying the health of consumers, a search for faecal germs of contamination was carried out on these foods. The study was performed on 30 samples of plantain chips, including 15 ripe and 15 unripe, from 15 sellers randomly chosen in theCocody area. Microbiological standards were used to count the total flora, total coliforms, faecal coliforms and Escherichia coli likely to be present in these samples. The pH, moisture content and dry matter content also were measured. The experimentsrevealeda very satisfactory microbiological quality for all the samples of chips except 2 samples of unripe chips related to their very high load of faecal coliforms. The high dry matter rate (97.47 â€“ 97.4%), slight acid pH (5.94 â€“ 5.63) and low acidity rate (0.47 â€“ 0.50 mEq/100g) of these samples facilitated contamination by faecal coliforms following a lack of hygiene of the saleswoman and her working environment. These results encourage the consumption of ripe chips as well as compliance with hygiene measures for reducing the exposure risk to food poisoning.
ROLE OF NASYA AND ROOKSHA SWEDANA (VALUKA) IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MANYASTAMBHA-PILOT STUDY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, GAMC&H Akhnoor, Jammu., Basotra Sahil , Jasrotia Riya ,   Student Final Prof, GAMC&H Akhnoor, Jammu.
Published: September 2023

A comprehensive study is reported of nasya and rookshaswedanabased on ayurvedic treatment in this paper. Manyastambha is a type of VatajaNanatmajaVyadhidescribed under the heading of Vatavyadhi. It is characterized by symptoms like Ruk (pain) andStambha (stiffness) in the Manyapradesha(cervical region) of UrdwajatruPradesha.Nasya is an important therapeutic procedure under thepanchashodhan karmas. It is more or less essential in urdhavajatrugatavikaras. So Rukshasweda andNasya is believed to have a noteworthy role in relieving the inflammatory a condition and stambatwa with in the cardinal feature of manyastambha. Therefore, this study has been undertaken as an attempt to help the patients suffering from manyastambha in our society and also to evaluate the efficacy of these treatment modalities.
Korean Wave in Indonesia: Are there any changes in perception and intention to visit Korea?
Authors: Melisa Melisa , Suyanto Suyanto , Tanaya Olivia
Published: September 2023

South Korea has a good image overseas due to the success of its national branding. With the Korean Wave as their national branding, Koreans introduce their country and culture through Korean entertainment. Indonesia is one of the Asian countries exposed to the Korean Wave, especially Korean dramas. This paper aims to analyze the determinants of changes in perceptions and the desire of Indonesians to visit South Korea as a tourist destination. International strategy theory, international marketing theory, and Korean Wave types are analyzed. The research sample consists of 237 randomly selected Korean Wave fans and non-fans. Data were collected using a questionnaire adapted and modified from previous studies. Respondents received questionnaires on-line via Google Forms. Multiple linear regression analysis was used in this study. The findings show that international strategy and marketing can adequately explain changes in the perception and desire of Indonesians to visit South Korea as a tourist destination. The Korean Wave has a positive and significant effect on changes in public perceptions toward Korea. The significant level of 0.000 <0.05 concludes that the four Korean Wave variables (Korean music, food, dramas, and products)simultaneously have a positive effect on changes in the perception of Indonesians people toward South Korea. However, K-pop and K-food were not found to determine the intention to visit South Korea as a tourist destination.
Desfragmentación social y transmisión intergeneracional de desigualdades educativas en jóvenes colombianos
Authors: Miranda Morales Juan Carlos , Maldonado Pastor Sergio , González Mejía Xavier
Published: September 2023

Introduction: This article is a partial product of the research project "Education and Equality" of the PROCARIBE Research group, within the framework of the line of research called Economics of Education, and addresses the problem of educational inequality in Colombia. This is one of the main challenges for the National Development Plan 2018- 2022, focused on peace, equity and education. Objective: Identify the challenges in terms of educational inequality that Colombia faces, especially among the young population and considering factors such as the intergenerational transmission of educational inequalities. Methodology: the article obeys a research carried out under the analytical empirical paradigm, a quantitative design and a type of explanatory research. The data were obtained from secondary information and collected by the National Department of Statistics, processed from the purification of the database and analyzed by using the Inequality Slope Index. Results: The general result indicates that the educational inequality gap between young people from different social strata has increased between 2011 and 2016, and that there is a positive correlation between the years of schooling of parents and their children, which validates the transmission hypothesis. intergenerational educational inequalities. In addition, it was possible to establish that young people who study in private institutions have a higher probability of completing ten years of schooling than those in official schools. Conclusion: In short, little progress has been made in terms of social defragmentation and better education can have a positive impact on future generations.
Predicting the 5-Year Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Machine Learning Models: Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Guoqing , Jin Qiankai , Mao Yushan
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a worldwide public health issue. Identifying and targeting populations at a heightened risk of developing NAFLD over a 5-year period can help reduce and delay adverse hepatic prognostic events.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the 5-year incidence of NAFLD in the Chinese population. It also aimed to establish and validate a machine learning model for predicting the 5-year NAFLD risk.

METHODS

The study population was derived from a 5-year prospective cohort study. A total of 6196 individuals without NAFLD who underwent health checkups in 2010 at Zhenhai Lianhua Hospital in Ningbo, China, were enrolled in this study. Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)–recursive feature elimination, combined with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), was used to screen for characteristic predictors. A total of 6 machine learning models, namely logistic regression, decision tree, support vector machine, random forest, categorical boosting, and XGBoost, were utilized in the construction of a 5-year risk model for NAFLD. Hyperparameter optimization of the predictive model was performed in the training set, and a further evaluation of the model performance was carried out in the internal and external validation sets.

RESULTS

The 5-year incidence of NAFLD was 18.64% (n=1155) in the study population. We screened 11 predictors for risk prediction model construction. After the hyperparameter optimization, CatBoost demonstrated the best prediction performance in the training set, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.810 (95% CI 0.768-0.852). Logistic regression showed the best prediction performance in the internal and external validation sets, with AUROC curves of 0.778 (95% CI 0.759-0.794) and 0.806 (95% CI 0.788-0.821), respectively. The development of web-based calculators has enhanced the clinical feasibility of the risk prediction model.

CONCLUSIONS

Developing and validating machine learning models can aid in predicting which populations are at the highest risk of developing NAFLD over a 5-year period, thereby helping delay and reduce the occurrence of adverse liver prognostic events.
Developing and Evaluating a Data-Driven and Systems Approach to Health Promotion Among Vocational Students: Protocol for the Data Health Study (Preprint)
Authors: Heinze Clara , Hartmeyer Rikke Dalgaard , Sidenius Anne , Ringgaard Lene Winther , Bjerregaard Anne-Louise , Krølner Rikke Fredenslund , Allender Steven , Bauman Adrian , Klinker Charlotte Demant
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Vocational school students exhibit significant risk behaviors in terms of poor diet, frequent use of nicotine products, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, low levels of physical activity, and poor mental health. This makes vocational students vulnerable to the development of noncommunicable diseases. Therefore, effective health promotion programs targeting vocational students are required.

OBJECTIVE

The Danish study “Data-driven and Systems Approach to Health Promotion Among Vocational Students” (Data Health) aims to develop, implement, and evaluate a systems approach to support vocational schools, municipalities, and local communities in implementing locally relevant health promotion actions among and for vocational students. This paper describes the Data Health program and how implementation and preliminary effectiveness will be evaluated.

METHODS

The Data Health program offers an iterative 5-step process to develop changes in the systems that shape health behavior and well-being among vocational students. The program will be implemented and evaluated in 8 Danish vocational schools in 4 municipalities. The implementation of the process and actions will be explored using a systems-based evaluation design that assesses contextual differences and the mechanisms through which the program leads to changes in the systems. Preliminary effectiveness at the individual level (students’ self-reported health behavior and well-being) and organizational level (school organizational readiness reported by school staff) will be assessed using a quasi-experimental design, and cross-sectional data will be collected at all 8 schools simultaneously 4 times during the 2-year study period.

RESULTS

This study was launched in 2021, and data collection is expected to be completed in June 2024. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication in January 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

We expect that the Data Health study will make significant contributions to complex intervention research by contributing to the paucity of research studies that have used systems approaches in school settings. The study will also provide evidence of successful elements for systems change and effectiveness to determine whether a national scale-up can be recommended.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05308459; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05308459

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/52571
Data Sharing in a Decentralized Public Health System: Lessons From COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance (Preprint)
Authors: Rigby Ryan C , Ferdinand Alva O , Kum Hye-Chung , Schmit Cason
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The COVID-19 pandemic revealed that data sharing challenges persist across public health information systems. We examine the specific challenges in sharing syndromic surveillance data between state, local, and federal partners. These challenges are complicated by US federalism, which decentralizes public health response and creates friction between different government units. The current policies restrict federal access to state and local syndromic surveillance data without each jurisdiction’s consent. These policies frustrate legitimate federal governmental interests and are contrary to ethical guidelines for public health data sharing. Nevertheless, state and local public health agencies must continue to play a central role as there are important risks in interpreting syndromic surveillance data without understanding local contexts. Policies establishing a collaborative framework will be needed to support data sharing between federal, state, and local partners. A collaborative framework would be enhanced by a governance group with robust state and local involvement and policy guardrails to ensure the use of data is appropriate. These policy and relational challenges must be addressed to actualize a truly national public health information system.
Determination of normative values of executive functions of young people aged 12 to 16 years using Virtual Reality (Preprint)
Authors: Oliveira Sofia , Trigueiro Maria João , Melo Bruno Bastos Vieira , Silva Vítor Simões
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology that is increasingly being used to assess and intervene in executive functions such as inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. These functions have a relevant impact on participation in occupations and on the analysis of behavior in participation.

OBJECTIVE

The present study aims to determine the normative values of executive functions, more specifically cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control, in young people aged 12 to 16 years in the performance of Virtual Reality (VR) games.

METHODS

The sample, obtained by convenience, consists of 164 adolescents between 12 and 16 years old. For this study, a session with VR games was conducted and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was performed on a computer.

RESULTS

Significant differences (p=.002) were found for age, with a cut-off point between 13 and 14 years old. Regarding sex, no significant differences were found. Furthermore, although the VR game and the WCST focus on the same executive functions there was a positive but not significant correlation between them.

CONCLUSIONS

This study has shown that age has an influence on the performance of tasks that involve cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control since these skills are still under development during adolescence. It should also be noted that the use of VR is an added value due to the motivation it triggers in those who play.
A centralidade transgressora das mulheres nas comunidades de terreiro
Authors: Dantas Nogueira Guilherme , Campos de Almeida Tânia Mara
Published: September 2023

Objetiva-se dialogar com bibliografia clássica e recente sobre Mães de Santo e mulheres de terreiro, enfatizando seu papel histórico na formação calunduzeira brasileira, que se reflete no presente. Isso é feito a partir de levantamento bibliográfico sobre a liderança e a forte presença delas nas comunidades afrorreligiosas, em diálogo com campo etnográfico e vivencial que atualiza a bibliografia. Assim, argumenta-se pela centralidade histórica do papel e da liderança feminina em terreiros no Brasil e no exterior, particularmente no Candomblé. Reafirma-se a posição feminina subversiva ao status quo da ordem colonial-moderna ocidental, destacado por entidades espirituais e pelas Mães de Santo em seus próprios termos. Além disso, traz-se à tona nuances contemporâneas dessa questão relativamente antiga nas Ciências Sociais e ora recuperada, a partir dos lugares dessas interlocutoras enquanto autoridades, agentes legítimas de práxis e artefatos de sua realidade socioculturalPalavras-chave: Calundus; Candomblé; Afrorreligiosidade brasileira; Mães de Santo; Terreiros
Literatura quechua contemporánea del Perú: continuidades y aperturas en la poesía
Authors: Mamani Macedo Mauro Félix
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar las continuidades y aperturas temáticas y formales en la poesía quechua contemporánea. En la poesía quechua no existe una sistematización respecto de la fértil producción poética contemporánea que muestra una pluralidad de vertientes. Para ello, primero proponemos una introducción; luego, un examen de las continuidades en forma comparativa; finalmente, un análisis de las nuevas propuestas temáticas surgidas del impacto de la modernidad y la modernización. Se aplica para el análisis la semiótica de la cultura (semiosfera), los estudios latinoamericanos (totalidad contradictoria) y categorías andinas (ayni, pachakuti). Con ello demostramos que la poesía quechua contemporánea se alimenta de dos fuentes: la tradición nativa y los desarrollos de la modernidad, lo que genera persistencias y novedades en su representación.
Climate Change Investigation of Swat River Using HEC-HMS Hydrological Model
Authors: Haq Waheed Ul , Saqib Muhammad , Shah Muhammad Izhar , Badshah Imran
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Pakistan is included in the most water stressed countries in the world and its water resources are vulnerably affected by the climate change. Monitoring regional watershed can help to secure resources for upcoming future. Our research is based on understanding of hydro- climatic regime of Swat River basin up to Khawaza Khela using physical based HEC-HMS model. The Model was calibrated and validated on daily scale and evaluated using statistical performance indicator to able to provide desired performance range. The calibration and validation of Nash-Sutcliff Coefficient were recorded 0.84 and 0.81, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were recorded as 5.5 and 2.8, and the coefficient of determination (R2 ) results in 0.86 and 0.84 respectively. Furthermore, for climate change analysis two scenario: Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP8.5 of MIROC5 hydrological model were investigated and both the scenarios were incorporated into the selected model for future use, which showed increase in precipitation for both RCPs. At the end of century total annual rise of +195mm (14.8%) was observed for RCP8.5 and 119mm (9%) was observed for RCP4.5. On seasonal basis winter precipitation seems to grow over the century and other seasons remain slightly random. Analysis of river flow seems to predict higher magnitudes of flow. Likewise, at the end of century, RCP4.5 suggest 38.9% increase in flows and RCP8.5 showed 40.9% increase in flow. Seasonal analysis reveals that highest positive deviations were recorded during the season of monsoon and autumns for stream flow.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Isolates in Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: Ravi Monisha , Krishnasamy Lakshmi , Krishnakumar Sharanya
Published: September 2023

Lower respiratory tract infection (LRI) is one of the global public health problems accounting for millions of deathsannually. The present study aim is to determine bacterial pathogens' bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility patternaffecting the patients with LRI attending a tertiary care hospital. Two hundred and eight sputum samples were collected frompatients with signs and symptoms of LRI. The samples were processed in Microbiology laboratory for bacterial pathogens.Bacterial isolates were identified using standard microbiological techniques and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performedusing the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Klebsiella pneumoniae (39.6%), followed by Pseudomonas (32%), were the mostpredominant bacteria isolated in the present study. The other bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli (16.9%), Staphylococcusaureus (5.6%), Streptococcus species (1.8%), and Acinetobacter (3.7%). Gram-negative bacteria showed high drug resistance toampicillin and cephalosporins and maximum susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin, and gentamicin. Most of theisolates showed resistance to the Beta-lactam group of antibiotics. The isolated bacterial pathogens' resistance profile indicatesthe need for the appropriate diagnosis and antibiotic susceptibility testing before managing the cases.
Bayesian reduced rank regression reveals generalisable neural fingerprints that differentiate between individuals in magnetoencephalography data
Authors: Haakana Joonas , Merz Susanne , Kaski Samuel , Renvall Hanna , Salmelin Riitta
Published: September 2023

Recent magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies have reported that
functional connectivity (FC) and power spectra can be used as neural
fingerprints in differentiating individuals. Such studies have mainly
used correlations between measurement sessions to distinguish
individuals from each other. However, it has remained unclear whether
such correlations might reflect a more generalisable principle of
individually distinctive brain patterns. Here, we evaluated a
machine-learning based approach, termed latent-noise Bayesian reduced
rank regression (BRRR) as a means of modelling individual differences in
the resting-state MEG data of the Human Connectome Project (HCP), using
FC and power spectra as neural features. First, we verified that BRRR
could model and reproduce the differences between metrics that
correlation-based fingerprinting yields. We trained BRRR models to
distinguish individuals based on data from one measurements and used the
models to identify subsequent measurement sessions of those same
individuals. The best performing BRRR models, using only 20
spatiospectral components, were able to identify subjects across
measurement sessions with over 90% accuracy, approaching the highest
correlation-based accuracies. Using cross-validation, we then determined
whether that BRRR could generalize to unseen subjects, successfully
classifying the measurement sessions of novel individuals with over 80%
accuracy. The results demonstrate that individual neurofunctional
differences can be reliably extracted from MEG data with a
low-dimensional predictive model.
Combustion, emission, and performance characteristics of hybrid biofuel at different compression ratios
Authors: Sudalaimani Ananthakumar , Rajendran Barathiraja , Jothi Thiyagaraj , Mohankumar Ashokkumar
Published: September 2023

The primary aim of this study is to alternate between conventional fossil fuels and reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases and smoke from diesel engines. The current study aimed to improve the performance and emission characteristics of a variable compression ratio (VCR) diesel engine operated with hybrid biodiesel. Experiments were done with the best hybrid biodiesel, which was made by mixing 20% rubber seed oil (RSO) with 80% waste plastic oil (WPO). The tests were done at four compression ratios (CRs): 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, and 20:1. Under a CR of 20:1 and at full load, the engine?s brake thermal efficiency went up by 30.5%, its brake-specific fuel consumption went down by 0.347 kg/kWh, and notably diminished emissions of carbon monoxide (0.43% volume), hydrocarbons (79 ppm), and smoke (22%). However, with increasing CRs, NOx emissions rose unfavourably (1092 ppm) compared to diesel (820 ppm). Also, diesel and clean (WPO) were compared to see how the CR values affected combustion, performance, and emissions. Compared to diesel, under maximum load and the CR of 20:1, hybrid biodiesel demonstrated approximately 3.7% higher brake thermal efficiency. The findings suggest potential applications for this hybrid biodiesel in the automobile sector, the power generation industry, and marine applications.
Ownership protection system for partial areas on image data using ethereum blockchain
Authors: Fujiwara Natsuki , Yokoyama Shohei
Published: September 2023

Our proposed method utilizes blockchain technology to safeguard the ownership of specific regions within image data. In our approach, diverse values could be assigned to each region based on its importance, and only users with ownership rights can access these designated regions. This ensures the protection of ownership rights for individuals in any given region of an image. Identified regions are individually encrypted using an XOR cipher, and a corresponding key image is generated for decryption, thereby preserving the privacy of the encrypted region. Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are employed to protect the key image and manage the ownership of each object in the image data. The NFT for the key image is generated by the key holder (who possesses the entire image), and the ownership NFT is acquired by the user who needs access to the key NFT. Furthermore, the ownership NFT and the key NFT are verified for a match by the judgment function, and only upon successful validation, the NFT is displayed on the screen. This method enables different values to be assigned to various parts of an image, facilitating the transfer and sharing of ownership. Additionally, the original image?s owner can benefit financially based on the value of the image, thus enhancing the overall security of image data.
PROTOTYPE ALAT PENCACAH SAMPAH PLASTIK TERKONEKSI ANDROID DENGAN SUMBER PANEL SURYA
Authors: Soedjarwanto Noer
Published: September 2023

Limbah sampah Plastik merupakan masalah yang sangat serius bagi Lingkungan Indonesia, dikarenakan  plastik merupakan sampah yang sulit terurai oleh bakteri. Plastik memerlukan puluhan bahan ratusan tahun agar dapat terurai alami oleh bakteri. Walaupun demikian limbah plastik dapat menjadi berguna apabila ia dicacah dan dijual agar mendapatkan nilai jual yang cukup besar untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga sehari hari. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan alat pencacah sampah plastik yang terkoneksi dengan android untuk memudahkan proses pencacah sampah plastik. Pengembangan prototipe ini melibatkan Langkah Langkah perakitan dan pengujian alat pencacah sampah plastik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Node Mcu sebagai microcontroller dengan aplikasi blynk untk mengontrol node mcu melalui internet. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa alat ini mampu menghancurkan sampah plastik sebanyak 54 gram selama 1 menit. Penelitian ini menggunakan panel surya 100 wp sebagai sumber daya untuk mengecas dua buah aki 6.3 Ah dengan lama pengecasan 8 jam dan habis dalam waktu 36 menit.