bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Gender Justice and Epistemic Oppression: A Response to an Epistemic Dilemma
Authors: Aragon Corwin
Published: July 2019

Critiques of Western feminists’ attempts to extend claims about gender injustice to the global context highlighted a dilemma facing Western feminists, what I call the global gender justice dilemma. In response to this dilemma, Alison M. Jaggar argues that Western feminists should turn our attention away from trying to resolve it and, instead, toward examination of our own complicity in the processes that produce injustice. I suggest that this kind of approach is helpful in responding to an additional dilemma that confronts the Western feminist, namely the epistemic dilemma. Western feminists can speak for women of the global South and run the risk of distorting those women’s experience and further silencing their voices, or we can refuse to speak and abdicate our responsibilities to address injustice. I argue that we should address this dilemma not by trying to resolve it but by examining our role in the reproduction of epistemically unjust practices. To explain this response, I offer a preliminary account of epistemic injustice as epistemic oppression. I conclude by claiming that our own epistemic complicity in epistemically oppressive social practices is a weighty reason for us to work to transform those practices.
NITROGEN FERTILIZATION FOR THE NURSERY PRODUCTION OF AUSTRALIAN RED CEDAR
Authors: Rieger Lucchese Júlio , Lazarotto Marília , Alberto Hilgert Marcio , Sidnei Fior Claudimar , Campos de Sá Larissa , Brito Brose Carolina
Published: July 2019

Fertilization is one of the most important cultural practices in the production of seedlings, significantly influencing the quality and establishment of new stands. As the production of Toona ciliata var. australis lacks information on their nutritional requirements, especially nitrogen, this work evaluated the effect of different nitrogen concentrations and application intervals on the production of seedlings of this species, determining the most appropriate concentration. The seedlings were fertilized with 0, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg L-1 of nitrogen (N), at intervals of 7 and 14 days till the end of the experiment. Increases in height, diameter, dry shoot and root mass, and Dickson quality index were observed as the concentration increased and decreased in higher concentrations, showing a negative quadratic regression in all variables, except the height/diameter ratio, which showed a higher value as N concentration increases. A higher growth showed by the Dickson quality index was achieved using the concentration of 2060 mg L-1. The absence of nitrogen and the concentration of 4000 mg L-1 limits the development of the seedlings, regardless of the interval. It is therefore recommended to use 2060 mg L-1 every 7 days for the production of Toona ciliata var. australis.
TAPE MODELING OF EUCALYPTUS STEM IN CROP-LIVESTOCK-FORESTRY INTEGRATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Cerqueira Clebson Lima , Arce Julio Eduardo , Vendruscolo Diogo Guido Streck , Dolácio Cícero Jorge Fonseca , Da Costa Filho Sérgio Vinícios Serejo , Tonini Helio
Published: July 2019

This paper aims to evaluate and compare the mixed effects modeling and artificial neural networks in order to estimate the taper of eucalyptus in integrated Crop-Livestock-Forestry (iCLF) systems. The data were collected in an experimental area of iCLF, implanted by the Brazilian Company of Farming Research – EMBRAPA Agrossilvipastoril, located in the municipality of Sinop, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. To reach the proposed aim, 165 trees with 51 months of age were scaled for the taper modeling with mixed effects models and artificial neural networks. The performance of these techniques was evaluated through precision measurements and graphical analysis. Mixed effects modeling and artificial neural networks are efficient and recommended in the estimative of taper of eucalyptus in integrated Crop-Livestock-Forestry system; however, despite both evaluated techniques present accurate results in predicting the taper of the sampled trees, the artificial neural network predicts values with greater precision than the modeling of mixed effects.
DYNAMICS OF BORDER VEGETATION AND EDAPHIC-CLIMATOLOGY OF CLEARINGS IN AN AREA OF CAATINGA IN THE SEMI-ARID REGION OF BRAZIL.
Authors: Gomes Azenate Campos , Souto Jacob Silva , Lacerda Alecksandra Vieira de
Published: July 2019

The use and unsustainable occupation in the semi-arid areas have resulted throughout its historical process in strong negative impacts by opening clearings in the areas of Caatinga, which need to be identified and studied to reverse this situation. The objective of this work was to analyze the dynamics of border of vegetation and edaphic-climatological clearings in a Caatinga area in the municipality of Sumé, state of Paraíba, Brazil. The study was conducted in the Experimental Area Reserved for Ecology and Dynamic Studies of the Caatinga of LAEB/CDSA/UFCG (7°39'38.8'' S and 36°53'42.4'' W, with 538 m of altitude). The clearings were isolated, and monitored between 2013 and 2015, soil and agrometeorological data were collected. Shrubs and live trees with diameter at ground level and height >0.03 and >1.0 m respectively were considered as border individuals. The highest values of soil density were observed for the clearings that presented the lowest levels of organic matter. 62% of the clearings had an increase in their area due to the high mortality of Croton blanchetianus Baill. and 38% had their area reduced due to the colonization of young, mainly Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill. The floristic composition of the border comprised six species distributed in six genera and four families, being Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae the most representative. The number of border individuals and recorded mortality were fully correlated with climatic parameters. Therefore, although the clearings are in the process of natural regeneration, climatic factors have strongly influenced the delay of this process.
INFLUENCE OF VAPORIZATION AND IMPREGNATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON THE DRYING RATE OF Eucalyptus pellita F. MUELL.
Authors: Pace José Henrique Camargo , Latorraca João Vicente De Figueiredo , Carvalho Alexandre Monteiro , Santos Glaycianne Christine Vieira dos , Almeida Sabrina Mayer de , Gomes Fernando José Borges
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vaporization and impregnation of silver nanoparticles on the Eucalyptus pellita wood properties. For that, samples of three radial regions of the wood from three trees were vaporized for 12 and 24 hours and later on, they were immersed in solution of silver nanoparticles with and without application of vacuum (750 mm.Hg). Anatomical, physical and chemical analyzes of the wood were carried out in order to evaluate the effect of the treatments. The drying rate of the wood was determined in moisture bands before and after the fiber saturation point. Generally, the treatments did not modify the anatomical characteristics, permeability, and wood density in the three radial regions; however, the vaporization for 24h reduced the total extractive content in the wood. These results contributed in obtaining gains in the drying rate before and after the fiber saturation point. The effect of impregnation of nanoparticles with vacuum preceded by two periods of vaporization resulted in higher drying rates and the time of 24h stood out, resulting in the best averages among all treatments. The impregnation of nanoparticles had positive effects on the drying rate.
Angiosarcoma arising in a neurofibromatosis-1 patient as a de novo malignancy?
Authors: Dubernard Xavier , Pham Bach-Ngam , Pluot Michel , Renard Yohan , Labrousse Marc
Published: July 2019

Background: Neurofibromatosis-1 (NF-1) is the most common genetic disease belonging to the group of neural tissue cell growth disorders, known to be complicated by malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors or MPNST. On the contrary, angiosarcoma is rarely associated with NF-1. Only few cases reported angiosarcoma arising as a sarcomatous transformation within a preexisting MPNST.Methods and results: We report here the remarkable case of a 35-year-old NF-1 woman, with a history of excised MPNST 8 years before a new hospitalization for the development of multi localized angiosarcoma, whose discovery is related to an oropharyngeal involvement, with a dramatic presentation. Review of the literature and differences from previous reports are discussed.Conclusion: Our case report supports the hypothesis of an angiosarcoma developing as a malignant proliferation apparently not arising from contiguous neurofibroma or MPNST lesions, but representing a second de novo malignancy.
O gênero textual biografia como eixo organizador de uma proposta de intervenção didática na educação básica
Authors: Dos Santos Domingos Striquer Marilúcia , Paulino de Cerqueira Pinto Margarina
Published: July 2019

Este artigo apresenta o processo de elaboração e de implementação de um projeto de intervenção pedagógica destinado ao desenvolvimento da produção textual dos alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental, tendo como eixo organizador o gênero textual biografia. O arcabouço teórico se constitui dos pressupostos da vertente didática do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo. Os resultados demonstram como a modelização contribui para que as características do gênero pudessem ser selecionadas pelo professor como objeto de ensino; e como o aporte teórico-metodológico possibilitou que a cultura local pudesse ser conhecida e motivadora para os alunos, bem como para o aprimoramento da prática da produção de texto dos alunos, exemplificada em um exemplar do gênero produzido pelos alunos.
Blues: um ensaio etnográfico sobre cultura e reflexos na indumentária
Authors: Pinheiro Cristiano Max Pereira , Silva André Conti , Petry Morgana Schoerpf , Wissmann Débora
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo tem como intento discorrer acerca das relações histórico-socioculturais que mediaram e determinaram o texto visual na cultura do blues, objetivando desenvolver uma coleção de alfaiataria. Pressupõe-se que a moda, como um veículo simbólico, esteja de maneira intrínseca ligada com o pensar do indivíduo e suas manifestações, por intermédio de seus textos visuais. Assimilar esses sinais de comunicação de personalidade exteriorizados por meio da moda, sob o viés dos fenômenos culturais é o norte da análise.
Revisão sistemática: intersecções entre design thinking e equipe muldisciplinar no processo ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Machado Andréia De bem , Guerdt Elma Mendes , Fialho Francisco Antonio
Published: July 2019

A inovação esta ímbuida na sociedade contemporânea e traz novas metodologias ao fazer pedagógico influenciada pela lente do design thinking. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é mapear as intersecções entre design thinking e equipe multidisciplinar no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Para tanto, realizou-se uma busca sistemática na base de dados Scopus. Como resultado, identificou-se que a pesquisa emerge nos campos diferenciados do saber.
Ecoviles a Espanya: buscant una transformació social emancipadora?
Authors: Del Romero Renau Luis
Published: July 2019

Segons dades de la Global Ecovillage Network (2018), l’Estat espanyol és actualment el segon país més important del món, després dels Estats Units, en nombre d’ecoviles, la xifra de les quals no ha cessat de créixer al llarg dels darrers anys. Seguint la teoria d’Erik Olin Wright sobre transformacions socials emancipadores, tractarem la qüestió de si aquest boom representa una mostra d’una transformació social incipient i d’un canvi cultural que està experimentant el medi rural. Aquest treball es divideix en cinc seccions principals. La primera introdueix el problema, per abordar tot plegat la metodologia realitzada per a l’estudi de 29 ecoviles a Espanya utilitzant sis variables sobre interessos materials i ideologia (Wright, 2010). Les darreres seccions exploren, després d’una concisa discussió conceptual, alguns resultats sobre l’anàlisi realitzada i sobre les pràctiques de reproducció social que han tingut lloc entre ecoviles, dividint-la entre estratègies convencionals i intersticials.
Visibilidad y promoción del patrimonio minero en algunos geoparques españoles
Authors: Cañizares Ruiz María del Carmen
Published: July 2019

Los restos derivados de las actividades mineras, tanto materiales como inmateriales, se han sometido a un creciente proceso de valorización patrimonial que ha permitido sustentar iniciativas culturales relevantes (museos mineros, parques mineros, etc.). Analizamos aquí el patrimonio minero en el contexto de los geoparques Unesco. El objetivo es favorecer una mejor visibilidad del patrimonio minero aprovechando la «marca» que ofrecen los geoparques, al integrar las actividades de turismo minero dentro de las geoturísticas. La metodología utilizada parte principalmente de la revisión bibliográfica y de la consulta de la información ofrecida por los geoparques sobre la promoción turística. Los resultados se centran en una revisión teórica de la importancia del patrimonio minero a partir de las actuaciones en los geoparques: Cabo de Gata-Níjar, Sierra Norte de Sevilla, Villuercas- Ibores-Jara y Cataluña Central.
MODERN STATE AND PRIORITIES FOR FORMING THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Authors: Absadze Ramaz , Burduli Vakhtang
Published: July 2019

In the article the current state of the Georgian NIS is shown with the identification and characterization of its still few components, then the priorities for its formation are outlined and justified in the context of the following constituent blocks: the blocks for ensuring the state innovation policy, innovation, the scientific-research sector, technology transfer organizations and other elements of innovation infrastructure, the system of cooperation with international innovation environment, innovation financing unit, training unit, unit to support projects implemented by donors, the block to support innovation development of agriculture. Some directions of the formation of innovation clusters in Georgia were briefly discussed.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE EVOLUTION OF ALBANIAN - GREEK TRADE FLOWS
Authors: Sulillari Junada , Nasto Kostandin
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study is to realize an analysis of the trade relations between Albania and Greece. Through the study, researchers want to show how trade relations between these countries have changed during the years, and also want to reveal some of the things that dominate these relations. Part of the study will also be the analysis that will help understand the relationship between the trade flows and the Greek GDP. Also, it will be possible to see if these trade flows have experienced any shock during the period taken into consideration. The analysis will be realized by using an econo-metric linear model, and to discover if there has been any shock, the Error Correcting Model will be used. The study proved that Greece is one of the main trade partners of Albania. The volume of the trade flows with Greece represents an important part of the overall trade flows of Albania. Based on the dates analyzed the study revealed that imports composition has changed more in comparison with the exports. The study also revealed that there has been a shock in the trade flows during the period taken into consideration.
Allograft Structural Interbody Spacers Compared to PEEK Cages in Cervical Fusion: Benchtop and Clinical Evidence
Authors: Carter Nigeste , C. Gianulis Elena , A. Moore Mark
Published: July 2019

Cervical degenerative disc disease (CDDD) can lead to radiculopathy and myelopathy, resulting in pain, lack of function, and immobility. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a common surgical treatment modality for advanced CDDD. ACDF involves removal of the affected disc(s) followed by replacement with a bone or synthetic graft. Historically, autograft has been considered the gold standard for interbody fusion. However, it is often associated with limitations, including donor site morbidity and limited quality and supply, prompting surgeons to seek alternatives. Two of the most common alternatives are structural bone allografts and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) synthetic cages. Both, advantageously, have similar mechanical properties to autologous bone, with comparable elastic modulus values. However, a lack of osseointegration of PEEK cages has been reported both pre-clinically and clinically. Reported fusion rates assessed radiographically are higher with the use of structural bone allografts compared to PEEK cages, while having a lower incidence of pseudarthrosis. This book chapter will discuss in detail the pre-clinical and clinical performance of structural allografts in comparison to conventional PEEK cages.
Description of a new genus and species of Chrysopetalidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the NE Atlantic, with some further records of related species
Authors: Ravara Ascensão , Aguado M. Teresa , Rodrigues Clara F. , Génio Luciana , Cunha Marina R.
Published: July 2019

Five chrysopetalid species are reported from samples collected at bathyal depths in three NE Atlantic regions: the Bay of Biscay, the Horseshoe Abyssal Plain and the Gulf of Cadiz. Arichlidon reyssi (Katzmann et al., 1974), Dysponetus caecus (Langerhans, 1880) and D. profundus Böggemann, 2009 are free-living forms found mainly on biogenic substrates (e.g., coral and sunken wood). A brief description and taxonomical remarks are given for each of these species and their geographical distributions and habitat records were updated accordingly. Natsushima bifurcata Miura & Laubier, 1990 and Craseoschema thyasiricola gen. et sp. nov. are symbionts inhabiting the mantle cavity of chemosynthesis-based bivalves known from four mud volcanoes from the Gulf of Cadiz. Craseoschema thyasiricola gen. et sp. nov. was found inside a thyasirid bivalve and presents mixed morphological characteristics of free-living and symbiotic forms within Calamyzinae Hartmann-Schröder, 1971. A full description of the new species is given together with DNA sequences of the genes COI, 16S and H3 that were used in a phylogenetic analysis to indicate the position of the new genus within the family.
Uma proposta de ensino integrado
Authors: Eilert Vera Brenner , Perone Irma , Barnwitz Maria Nascimento , Pimentel Naida Lena , Rodrigues Anamaria Lopes
Published: July 2019

The present papers consists of an interpretative analysis of concepts and approaches on Integrated Teaching. Its theorethical suport comes from the Piagetian concept of mental development and the gestalt concept of learning.Its purpose is to propose a renewad systematization coherent with current teaching directions, which through the development of logical reasoning and a critical mind help make the student capable in solving problems and deciding between options in values according to human nature.
'Like it or not': ¿Instagram se preocupa por el bienestar de los usuarios?
Authors: San Cornelio Gemma
Published: July 2019

“¡No tengo likes!” La noticia aquí ha pasado prácticamente desapercibida, pero hace unos días Instagram comenzó un periodo de pruebas en el que se elimina en algunos países la visibilidad de los like en la plataforma.
The effects of a 4-week mesocycle of barbell back squat or barbell hip thrust strength training upon isolated lumbar extension strength
Authors: Hammond Alexander , Perrin Craig , Steele James , Giessing Jürgen , Gentil Paulo , Fisher James P.
Published: July 2019

Objectives

Common exercises such as the barbell back squat (BBS) and barbell hip thrust (BHT) are perceived to provide a training stimulus to the lumbar extensors. However, to date there have been no empirical studies considering changes in lumbar extension strength as a result of BBS or BHT resistance training (RT) interventions.

Purpose

To consider the effects of BBS and BHT RT programmes upon isolated lumbar extension (ILEX) strength.

Methods

Trained male subjects (n = 14; 22.07 ± 0.62 years; 179.31 ± 6.96 cm; 79.77 ± 13.81 kg) were randomised in to either BBS (n = 7) or BHT (n = 7) groups and performed two training sessions per week during a 4-week mesocycle using 80% of their 1RM. All subjects were tested pre- and post-intervention for BBS and BHT 1RM as well as isometric ILEX strength.

Results

Analyses revealed that both BBS and BHT groups significantly improved both their BBS and BHT 1RM, suggesting a degree of transferability. However, the BBS group improved their BBS 1RM to a greater degree than the BHT group (p = 0.050; ∼11.8 kg/10.2% vs. ∼8.6 kg/7.7%, respectively). And the BHT group improved their BHT 1RM to a greater degree than the BBS group (p = 0.034; ∼27.5 kg/24.8% vs. ∼20.3 kg/13.3%, respectively). Neither BBS nor BHT groups significantly improved their isometric ILEX strength.

Conclusions

The present study supports the concept of specificity, particularly in relation to the movement mechanics between trunk extension (including pelvic rotation) and ILEX. Our data suggest that strength coaches, personal trainers, and trainees can self-select multi-joint lower-body trunk extension exercises based on preference or variety. However, evidence suggests that neither the BBS nor BHT exercises can meaningfully increase ILEX strength. Since strengthening these muscles might enhance physical and sporting performance we encourage strength coaches and personal trainers to prescribe ILEX exercise.
Sniffing out solutions to enhance conservation: How detection dogs can maximise research and management outcomes, through the example of koalas
Authors: Cristescu Romane H. , Miller Russell L. , Frère Céline H.
Published: July 2019

In conservation, consistent and extensive under-funding has necessitated creative thinking to address conservation issues on a low budget, and innovations are burgeoning as a result. One example is the use of dogs that, thanks to their heightened olfactory abilities and bond with humans, are trained to detect odours of interest to conservationists. Conservation dogs have proven to repeatedly outperform alternative survey methods in terms of accuracy, efficiency and/or cost. They have now been used for the detection of endangered and invasive species, fauna and flora, direct and indirect (e.g. scat) targets, on land and at sea, across every continent and most taxa from fire ants to whales. Here, we emphasise the versatility of detection dogs through their multiple uses applied to one species, the koala Phascolarctos cinereus . We selected, trained, tested and deployed five dogs; two for koala habitat (koala scats), one for genetic sampling (fresh scats only), one for the koala itself and one for koala disease ( Chlamydia spp. ) detection. Dogs enabled both large-scale and fine-scale survey design, with 2370 surveys performed, and 1479 genetic samples collected to date. Detection dogs are subject to similar (although sometimes much lower) limitations in terms of survey biases (e.g. individual or environmental conditions) and, importantly, detection dog/handler teams need to be tested regularly for accuracy. Nonetheless, detection dogs can, and are, helping researchers and land managers to collect more robust datasets and better inform conservation decisions. Alliances with unexpected partners in conservation (such as with police forces), citizen science, and timeshare use of dogs might improve the democratisation of their use and enable conservation detection dogs to fulfil their astonishing potential.
Development of Drudgery Reducing Tools for the Workers in Food Processing Enterprises
Authors: Kumari Aprajita , Kaur Harpinder
Published: July 2019

Food processing is a drudgery prone activity and exposes the workers to several musculoskeletal discomforts. The present study was conducted to identify the most drudgery prone activities in micro, small and medium scale food processing enterprises and thereafter develop the tools to reduce the drudgery. For testing the feasibility of tools, 15 respondents were selected and they were allowed to work with and without the tool, and their responses were recorded. Results revealed that all the developed tools were acceptable by the respondents on musculoskeletal factors, grip fatigue, physical stress factors, work output factors, tool factors and acceptability factors.
The Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Applications on Yield and Plant Vegetative Growth of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Ali Mahmoud Al , Gençoğlan Cafer , Gençoğlan Serpil
Published: July 2019

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic and chemical fertilizers on yield and plant vegetative growth of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) between 22.05.2018 and 12.09. 2018 under field conditions in Bandırma, Turkey. Treatments were control with no fertilizer (CONT), developed organic fertilizer (DOF), organic fertilizer (OF) chemical fertilizer (CHF), each treatment has 3 replicates with 360 plants. Developed organic fertilizer and OF were applied in (2000) kg.da-1, chemical fertilizer (15%N, 15%P, 15%K, 20%SO3) was applied in 40 kg/da. Yield and plant vegetative growth weight were determined. Organic and chemical fertilizer applications had a significant effect (P<0.05) on yield and plant vegetative growth. The eggplant yield at CONT, DOF, OF, CHF were 3922, 4593, 4375, 4579 kg.da-1 respectively. The plant vegetative growth (Plant organs fresh weight) at CONT, DOF, OF, CHF were 3548, 4018, 3818, 3882 kg.da-1 respectively. The difference between fertilizers (DOF, OF, and CHF) was not significant so that organic fertilizers are competitive and may be a suitable replacement for chemical fertilizer.
Abnormalities of Hemoglobin and Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase Deficiency in Children with Uncomplicated Malaria and Living in Banfora and Saponé, Two Different Malaria Setting of Burkina Faso
Authors: Badoum Emilie S. , Sermé Samuel S. , Yaro Jean B. , Coulibaly Sam A. , Kargougou Désiré , Diarra Amidou , Ouédraogo Amidou Z. , Malik Lankoande , Nébié Issa , Soulama Issiaka , Ouédraogo Alphonse , Tiono Alfred B. , Traoré Yves , Sirima Sodiomon B. , Bougouma Edith C.
Published: July 2019

Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of hemoglobin abnormalities and G6PD deficiency and their respective influence on anemia occurring in less than five years old children with clinical P. falciparum malaria living in Burkina Faso.

Study Design: The study was a cross-sectional survey with descriptive focus conducted from December 2010 to January 2013 in Saponé health district and from May to October 2011 in Banfora health district. Clinical and laboratory data were collected. Blood smears on slides for malaria diagnosis by microscopy, hemoglobin level and filter paper for the detection of human genetic factors were performed.

Methodology: A total of 386 subjects from Saponé (131) and Banfora (255) were enrolled. DNA collected from each sample was extracted using chelex-100 method and the human genetic resistance factors background was assessed by RFLP-PCR.  Abnormal hemoglobin patients were classified as NonAA while AA was defined the normal hemoglobin.

Results: In this study, 70.98% (274/386) were classified normal hemoglobin (AA) while 29.02% (112/386) of subjects were carrying at least one abnormal (NonAA) allele: 24.35%AC, 3.63% AS, 0.78%CC and 0.26%SC. G6PD deficiency was 9.59% (37/386) among which, 4.92% for male and 4.66% in female. However, this gender difference was not statistically significant (p=1.00). 319/367 (86.92%) of the patients were anemic (59.4% with moderate anemia and 20.98% with mild anemia). The prevalence of anemia in G6PD deficient subjects was 83.33% (of which 58.33% were moderate anemia and 22.22% mild anemia). The difference between types of hemoglobin (p=0.64) in the occurrence of anemia (AA 87.64% and Non AA 85.18%) was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of these genetic factors was relatively low among children with clinical falciparum malaria with high parasite density. In addition, these factors appear to have no effect on anemia.
Effect of Locally Formulated Watermelon and Moringa Syrup Booster on the Growth Performance of Heterobranchus bidorsalis Fingerlings
Authors: Nwanevu E. C. , Sokari G. M. , Isitor G. N. , Orlu E. E. , Ogolo S. G. , Ebere N.
Published: July 2019

Aim: Evaluation of the effectiveness of formulated Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and Moringa oleifera booster on the growth performance of Heterobranchus bidorsalis.

Study Design: Data were subjected to statistical analysis using Duncan Multiple Range Statistics and interpretation was done using SPSS Version 22.

Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in the laboratory at the Department of Applied and Environmental Biology, Rivers State University, Nigeria for a period of 12 weeks (3 months), between November, 2016 – March, 2017.

Methodology: Total of 240 Heterobranchus bidorsalis fingerlings with an initial mean weight (1.61±0.23 g) and length (5.13±0.26 cm) were acclimated for one week. After acclimation, the fishes were fed twice daily (9am and 6pm) with 10% of their body weight after coating 2 ml/1 kg of the commercial feed with their individual growth booster syrup and allowed to air-dry for about 20 minutes. Heterobranchus bidorsalis fingerlings were scooped for the measurements exercise at one week interval after which they were returned to their various tanks.

Results: The result of this study recorded the experimental diets with optimum growth and survivability. From the result, it was deduced that, Commercial feed coated with watermelon syrup booster recorded the best performance in the growth variables of mean weight (26.36 ±3.19 g), mean length (13.61±1.35 cm), mean weight gain (24.64±3.00 g), mean length gain (8.38±1.35 cm), relative weight gain (25.36±3.19) while Commercial feed coated with commercial syrup booster (CbCf) recorded the best performance in growth variables of Daily Growth Rate (15.15±0.55) and Specific Growth Rate (2.69±0.03%) against Moring growth booster and commercial feed (control). However, there was less mortality as the fishes in different treatment tanks survived above 90%.

Conclusion: It could be summarized that Commercial feed coated with watermelon syrup booster (WbCf) had the best growth performance against the control groups although their values were not significantly impacted (p>0.05) when compared with other experimental diets.
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Acid Producing Bacteria from Selected Oilfield Environments within the Niger Delta
Authors: Briggs W. F. , Stanley H. O. , Okpokwasili G. C. , Immanuel O. M. , Ugboma C. J.
Published: July 2019

Acid producing bacteria are considered an important group of corrosive bacteria that have economic importance to petroleum industry. In this research, acid producing bacteria were isolated from produced water sample collected at ten (10) oil field environments within the Niger Delta region. The multiple tube fermentation technique was used to isolate the bacteria while Phenol red dextrose broth was used as the microbiological medium for the isolation of the acid producing bacteria. Also total heterotrophic bacteria count (THBC) was determined under aerobic and anaerobic condition using the standard plate count technique and the boiling method used for the extraction of acid producing bacterial DNA after growing in Luria Bertani broth. The extracted bacterial DNA were purified and quantified before PCR amplification. The PCR amplicons were subjected to gel electrophoresis. The bacterial DNA bands were quantified using 1500bp ladder. The result obtained showed that some acid producing bacteria isolated could survive as facultative microorganisms belonging to genera such as Klebsiella, Pantoea, Escherichia, Providentia, Proteus, Shewanella, Myroides and Pseudomonas. There was growth in all samples under aerobic condition with a THBC ranging from 3.602x102Cfu/ml – 4.698x102Cfu/ml while the range was within 3.301x102Cfu/ml – 5.676x102Cfu/ml under anaerobic condition. For physicochemical parameters determined, temperature range for all samples was within 23.9ºC – 24.8ºC; pH was within 7.24 – 8.10; total dissolved solids was within 470 mg/ml – 16160 mg/ml and conductivity was within 1.885 µs/cm – 845.2 µs/cm.  The results also showed that acid producing bacteria grow mostly under aerobic condition unlike the sulphate reducing bacteria.
Extractivism of the Umbuzeiro in the Perception of the Farmers of the Community Riacho da Serra, in São Jose do Sabugi-PB
Authors: Japiassu André , Souto Jacob Silva , Leonardo Francisco de Assis Pereira , Souto Patrícia Carneiro , Mesquita Francisco de Oliveira , Melo Vagner de Almeida
Published: July 2019

The present work aims to diagnose the perception of the farmers of the community of Community Riacho da Serra, in São José do Sabugi-PB, regarding the degree of education, education, salary range and employment and income generation with the culture of Umbu. Initially visits were made in the community with the intention of exposing the idea and performing. The research was conducted during the period from march/2016 to may/2016. We applied structured questionnaires, previously made with the objective of involving and extracting the maximum information from the whole community. With the data in hand, figures were produced that demonstrate the perception of the cooperative farmers about the extraction of umbu, for example, incomplete first grade (47%), followed by complete high school (40%) which cultivate umbu as family income. As regards the process of extraction of umbu by Community producers, a number of uses may be indicated, with the main destinations being the pulp industry (34%), household consumption (33%), food for animals (19%) and direct sales (14%). Regarding marketing, when the sale was made, the bag price of 3.0 kg ranged between R $ 2.00 and R $ 2.50, and 62% of the producers consulted stated that they sell for a price of R $ 2.00, while 31% sell at R$ 2.50 and 7% at R$ 2.50. Of the producers that produce one hectare, 100% have another activity to supplement the income, among which: rice (85%), livestock (85%), handicrafts (7.5%) and others (7.5%).
Inhibitory Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Olive Leaf (Olea europaea) on Growth of Candida albicans
Authors: Ghaffaripour Reza , Samsamipour Mahtab , Eslamifar Zahra , Madmoli Mostafa
Published: July 2019

Introduction and Aim: Candida albicans is the most common and pathogenic species of Candida genus, known to be the fourth most common cause of blood infections. The present study investigates the inhibitory effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Olive leaf on growth of this yeast in vitro.

Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, fresh Olive leaf were collected from its natural habitat in Gotvand city and after washing the leaves were dried in a sterile environment. After verifying the plant species and receiving the herbarium code, the leaf of the plant was completely ground and the 80% hydroalcoholic extract of the plant was prepared by maceration method. Serial dilutions of extract were then prepared in RPMI 1640 medium from 256 to 1 mg/mL. Afterwards, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of this extract for fungus was achieved after 48 hours exposure of the extract to the yeast Suspension using micro broth dilution method and re-culturing on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium and colony counting.

Results: After counting the yeast colonies grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar and performing one-way ANOVA statistical analysis at the significance level less than 0.05, Although all concentrations of equal to or greater than 4 mg / mL of extract had a significant difference from positive control colonies count, according to the concepts of MIC and MFC, concentrations of 8 and 32 mg / mL were considered as them, respectively.

Conclusion: Olive seems to be a proper complementary drug in the treatment of Candida albicans. Needless to say, this requires extensive pharmacological studies and the evaluation of the possible toxicity of the derivatives and compounds of this plant.
A tale of short tails, through thick and thin: investigating the sorting mechanisms of Golgi enzymes
Authors: Welch Lawrence G. , Munro Sean
Published: July 2019

The Golgi apparatus is an important site for the modification of most secreted and membrane proteins. Glycan processing is the major class of modification and is mediated by a large number of Golgi‐resident glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. These Golgi enzymes are largely type II transmembrane domain (TMD) proteins consisting of a short N‐terminal cytosolic tail, a relatively short TMD and a lumenal ‘stem/stalk’ region which acts as a spacer between the catalytic domain and the lipid bilayer. The cytosolic tail, TMD, and stem together make what is termed the CTS domain which is responsible for the specific localisation of these enzymes within sub‐Golgi compartments via multiple mechanisms. In addition, the catalytic domains of some Golgi enzymes are secreted as a consequence of proteolytic cleavage within their TMDs or stem regions. Finally, there is evidence to suggest that when the retention of Golgi enzymes is perturbed they are targeted for lysosomal degradation.
Boric acid and tetraborates – Determination of boron in urine by ICP‐OES [Biomonitoring Methods, 2019]
Authors: Michalke B. , Grill P. , Morton J. , Göen T. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: July 2019

The working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area developed and validated the presented biomonitoring method.

The analytical method described hereinafter is used to determine the boron concentration in urine using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES). The method is rapid, simple, reliable, adequately sensitive and also suitable for routine use in laboratories with high sample throughput. It is possible to determine boron at both occupational and environmental concentrations. Sample preparation is performed by 1/20 (V/V) dilution of urine with 5% nitric acid, which largely reduces matrix interferences.
Radiobiological and dosimetric impact of RayStation pencil beam and Monte Carlo algorithms on intensity‐modulated proton therapy breast cancer plans
Authors: Rana Suresh , Greco Kevin , Samuel E. James Jebaseelan , Bennouna Jaafar
Published: July 2019

Purpose

RayStation treatment planning system employs pencil beam (PB) and Monte Carlo (MC) algorithms for proton dose calculations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the radiobiological and dosimetric impact of RayStation PB and MC algorithms on the intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) breast plans.

Methods

The current study included ten breast cancer patients, and each patient was treated with 1–2 proton beams to the whole breast/chestwall (CW) and regional lymph nodes in 28 fractions for a total dose of 50.4 Gy relative biological effectiveness (RBE). A total clinical target volume (CTV_Total) was generated by combining individual CTVs: AxI, AxII, AxIII, CW, IMN, and SCVN. All beams in the study were treated with a range shifter (7.5 cm water equivalent thickness). For each patient, three sets of plans were generated: (a) PB optimization followed by PB dose calculation (PB‐PB), (b) PB optimization followed by MC dose calculation (PB‐MC), and (c) MC optimization followed by MC dose calculation (MC‐MC). For a given patient, each plan was robustly optimized on the CTVs with same parameters and objectives. Treatment plans were evaluated using dosimetric and radiobiological indices (equivalent uniform dose (EUD), tumor control probability (TCP), and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP)).

Results

The results are averaged over ten breast cancer patients. In comparison to PB‐PB plans, PB‐MC plans showed a reduction in CTV target dose by 5.3% for D99% and 4.1% for D95%, as well as a reduction in TCP by 1.5–2.1%. Similarly, PB overestimated the EUD of target volumes by 1.8─3.2 Gy(RBE). In contrast, MC‐MC plans achieved similar dosimetric and radiobiological (EUD and TCP) results as the ones in PB‐PB plans. A selection of one dose calculation algorithm over another did not produce any noticeable differences in the NTCP of the heart, lung, and skin.

Conclusion

If MC is more accurate than PB as reported in the literature, dosimetric and radiobiological results from the current study suggest that PB overestimates the target dose, EUD, and TCP for IMPT breast cancer treatment. The overestimation of dosimetric and radiobiological results of the target volume by PB needs to be further interpreted in terms of clinical outcome.
Nonlinear Lipschitz measure and adaptive control for stability and synchronization in delayed inertial Cohen‐Grossberg–type neural networks
Authors: Aouiti Chaouki , Assali El Abed
Published: July 2019

In this paper, without transforming the original inertial neural networks into the first‐order differential equation by some variable substitutions, time‐varying delays are introduced into inertial Cohen‐Grossberg–type networks and the existence, the uniqueness, and the asymptotic stability and synchronisation for the neural networks are investigated. Firstly, the existence of a unique equilibrium point is proved by using nonlinear Lipschitz measure method. Second, by finding a new Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional, some sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the asymptotic stability, the asymptotic synchronization, and the asymptotic adaptive synchronization. The results of this paper are new and they complete previously known results. We illustrate the effectiveness of the approach through a few examples.
NAATP to court: AAC doesn't have a case
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: July 2019

Citing “actions that it had every right to take, statements of opinion it had every right to make, and the actions and the conduct of third parties” for which it had no control or responsibility, the National Association of Addiction Treatment Providers (NAATP) filed a motion to dismiss the complaint against it by American Addiction Centers (AAC) filed in May (see ADAW, May 13, May 20).
3D Hybrid Plasmonic Photonic Crystals by Colloidal‐Crystal Templating and Hydrogel‐Assisted Conformal Metal Etching
Authors: Geng Chenyan , Sun Haiyan , Ma Lihui , Ling Cheng , Fu Ming , He Dawei , Wang Yongsheng
Published: July 2019

The development of efficient colloidal templating methods for nanophotonic structures, leading to 3D synergy of photonic crystal behavior with uniform plasmonic resonances is significant, yet challenging. In this work, uniform Ag or Ni octahedral particles with 3D periodicity derived from dissociation of metallic inverse opals are dispersed in hydrogel by conformal etching. The hydrogel can maintain the position of the dissociated metal particles and does not hinder ion transport during the two‐step cyclic electrochemical process. Bragg peaks from the 3D behavior of the colloidal photonic crystals appear due to the reduced filling fraction of metals and are affected by the existence of localized plasmonic resonance (LSPR). LSPR is supported at frequencies ranging from near‐infrared to near‐ultraviolet due to the geometry of the dissociated metal particles. Dissociation of inverse opals during etching is monitored by examining their morphologies, cycle‐related variations in the electrochemical current density, cycle‐related increases of transmission intensities, and redshifts of the Bragg peak wavelengths due to an increased lattice constant in high pH solutions. Ag plasmonic photonic crystals filled with functional polymethacrylic acid and polyacrylamidophenylboronic acid hydrogels function as pH and glucose sensors. The sensitivity increases when plasmonic resonances affect the Bragg peaks.
Objective measures of sleep disturbances in children with Potocki–Lupski syndrome
Authors: Kaplan Kevin , McCool Caroline , Lupski James R. , Glaze Daniel , Potocki Lorraine
Published: July 2019

Potocki–Lupski syndrome (PTLS; MIM 610883) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a microduplication, a 3.7 Mb copy number variant, mapping within chromosome 17p11.2, encompassing the dosage‐sensitive RAI1 gene. Whereas RAI1 triplosensitivity causes PTLS, haploinsufficiency of RAI1 due to 17p11.2 microdeletion causes the clinically distinct Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS; MIM 182290). Most individuals with SMS have an inversion of the melatonin cycle. Subjects with PTLS have mild sleep disturbances such as sleep apnea with no melatonin abnormalities described. Sleep patterns and potential disturbances in subjects with PTLS have not been objectively characterized. We delineated sleep characteristics in 23 subjects with PTLS who underwent a polysomnogram at Texas Children's Hospital. Eleven of these subjects (58%) completed the Child's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Urinary melatonin was measured in one patient and published previously. While the circadian rhythm of melatonin in PTLS appears not to be disrupted, we identified significant differences in sleep efficiency, percentage of rapid eye movement sleep, oxygen nadir, obstructive apnea hypopnea index, and periodic limb movements between prepubertal subjects with PTLS and previously published normative data. Data from the CSHQ indicate that 64% (7/11) of parents do not identify a sleep disturbance in their children. Our data indicate that younger individuals, <10 years, with PTLS have statistically significant abnormalities in five components of sleep despite lack of recognition of substantial sleep disturbances by parents. Our data support the contention that patients with PTLS should undergo clinical evaluations for sleep disordered breathing and periodic limb movement disorder, both of which are treatable conditions.
“Impact of timing of polymyxin B‐immobilized fiber column direct hemoperfusion on outcome in patients with septic shock: a single‐center observational study”
Authors: Tanaka Tomoki , Tabata Takahisa , Fujino Kazunori , Tsujita Yasuyuki , Eguchi Yutaka
Published: July 2019

Aim

The effect of polymyxin B‐immobilized fiber column direct hemoperfusion (PMX‐DHP) is controversial. The present study investigates whether outcome in septic shock patients is affected by the time until PMX‐DHP initiation and the location of the infection site (intra‐ or extra‐abdominal infection (IAI/EAI)].

Methods

This retrospective observational study included patients receiving PMX‐DHP for septic shock but excluded those treated after cardiac surgery or cardiac arrest. Based on the median and/or quartile time from catecholamine treatment to PMX‐DHP initiation, the patient cohort was divided into four groups and the IAI and EAI groups into two subgroups.

Results

Among the 49 eligible patients, overall 90‐day mortality in group 1 (PMX‐DHP within 6 h) at 8.3% was significantly lower than in groups 2 (6–9 h; 46.1%), 3 (9–29 h; 58.3%) and 4 (>29 h; 75.0%) (P = 0.021). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the duration from catecholamine treatment to PMX‐DHP initiation correlated with 90‐day mortality (odds ratio 1.060; 95% confidence interval, 1.004–1.117; P = 0.028). Among the 29 IAI patients, 90‐day mortality was significantly lower in the early (within 9 h) than the late group (>9 h) (13.3% versus 64.2%; P = 0.003), but no significant intergroup difference was noted among the 20 EAI patients.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that early PMX‐DHP initiation (within 9 h after catecholamine treatment) reduces mortality from septic shock, especially in IAI patients.