bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Measurements on Rotors Hovering above Moving Surfaces
Authors:   United States Naval Academy, Martinez Aaron , Milluzzo Joseph , Drayton Scott , Davids Scott
Published: July 2023

Hub load measurements were taken on a rotor in ground effect above a ground plane undergoing single degree-offreedom motion. A two-bladed teetering hub rotor was operated in a hovering condition at multiple heights above a sinusoidal pitching or heaving ground plane. A six-axis load cell was used to measure the load generated by a rotor at multiple blade collective pitch angles, as well as ground plane amplitudes and frequencies. The magnitude and frequency of the ground plane motion was determined based off a ratio of rotor blade passage frequency (for a representative maritime helicopter) to ground motion frequency (for a DDG-51 class ship). A distinct and measurable f luctuation on the rotor pitching moment was observed in the presence of ground plane pitching motion, and variations in thrust as high as twenty percent were observed in the presence of ground plane heaving motion. An appropriate scaling parameter for the problem was investigated and determined to be the ratio of the rotor inflow velocity to the peak ground motion velocity. This parameter showed good agreement over the complete range of measurement conditions, including when the rotor was operated at or near zero thrust.
Experimental assessment of an airfoil optimized to delay the onset of dynamic stall
Authors:   University of Wyoming, Nikoueeyan Pourya ,   Combustion Research and Flow Technology Inc., Ahuja Vineet , Harms Tanner , Naughton Jonathan
Published: July 2023

Rotor blade aerodynamics are significantly influenced by dynamic stall. This study is part of a larger effort to delay the adverse effects of dynamic stall on rotor blade aerodynamics through airfoil shape optimization. This paper summarizes the experimental results of this effort. Time-accurate surface pressure measurements along with lift and moment coefficients were determined experimentally for the baseline and optimized airfoil geometries at relevant conditions. Particle Image Velocimetry was also utilized to shed light on the state of the flow on the two airfoils at select conditions. The sensitivity of dynamic stall under different flow conditions was studied for both airfoils. The result indicate significant improvements in the behavior of the optimized airfoil geometry. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited.
Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Multi-Ship Sensor-Based 3D World Modeling Architecture
Authors:   Collins Aerospace, Boggs Chris , Taylor Max , Gavrilets Vladislav
Published: July 2023

There is emerging demand for multi-ship sensor-based 3D world modeling (3DWM) for autonomy/cognitive decision aiding avionics applications. In these systems, multiple ships collect and transmit perception sensor data that is fused into a common 3DWM, which is then used by other platforms for flight guidance in that environment. This paper illustrates key design considerations for these systems by exploring the fundamental scenario of leader-follower. This paper will detail the design trade space for the leader-follower scenario, focusing on 3DWM database representation/processing and data transmission. To demonstrate the feasibility of a baseline design approach on modern computing hardware, results will be presented from an experimental evaluation of a proof-of-concept system.
Burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors among subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Uzoma Chukwunonso Okechukwu , Theophilus Ejiofor Ugwu , Micheal Chinweuba Abonyi , Titus Chukwubuzo Okpara , Thomas Obiora Nnaji , Ume Nwobodo Monday
Published: July 2023

Diabetes is associated with a high degree of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The co-existence of other cardiovascular risk factors alongside diabetes confers the cumulative risk of adverse outcomes. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors has been rising in sub-Saharan Africa, but their degree of co-existence with diabetes is not well known. The objective of this study was to determine the burden of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in a urban southeastern Nigerian population. This was a cross-sectional study consisting of consecutively recruited diabetic patients aged ≥40 years attending the diabetes clinic at Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital (ESUTH). Five cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated: Hypertension, overweight/obesity, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, and poor glycemic control We studied 410 T2DM patients (31.5% male) with a mean age of 58.9 years and a mean duration of diabetes of 7.4 years. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor in the study was physical inactivity (69.5%), and 80.1% of respondents had 2 or more risk factors. Females had a significantly higher prevalence of physical inactivity, overweight/obesity, and poor glycemic control when compared to males (73% vs 62%; 73.3% vs 58.9%; 72.2% vs 60.5%, respectively). Our study has shown a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic patients in an urban southeastern Nigerian population. Female diabetic subjects had a significantly higher prevalence of most of the cardiovascular risk factors except for smoking.
First International Conference on Public Health in Africa (CPHIA 2021)
Authors: Authors The
Published: July 2023

The first international Conference on Public Health in Africa (CPHIA 2021) was hosted virtually by the African Union (AU) and Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) from 14-16 December 2021. This historic three-day conference focused on the need to address long-standing health challenges on the continent, including vaccine inequity and manufacturing capacity, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and the need to build resilient health systems.
Indices/Indicators Developed to Evaluate the “Creating Supportive Environments” Mechanism of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion: A Setting-Based Review on Healthy Environment Indices/ Indicators
Authors: Saadati Fatemeh , Nadrian Haidar , Ghassab-Abdollahi Nafiseh , Pashazadeh Fariba , Gilani Neda , Taghdisi Mohammad-Hossein
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to identify the indices/indicators used for evaluating the “creating supportive environments” mechanism of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, with a focus on built environments, in different settings. A search for literature with no time limit constraint was performed across Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, and Embase databases. Search terms included “Ottawa Charter,” “health promotion,” “supportive environments,” “built environments,” “index,” and “indicator.” we included the studies conducted on developing, identifying, and/or measuring health promotion indices/indicators associated with “built environments” in different settings. The review articles were excluded. Extracted data included the type of instrument used for measuring the index/indicator, the number of items, participants, settings, the purpose of indices/indicators, and a minimum of two associated examples of the indices domains/indicators. The key definitions and summarized information from studies are presented in tables. In total, 281 studies were included in the review, within which 36 indices/indicators associated with “built environment” were identified. The majority of the studies (77%) were performed in developed countries. Based on their application in different settings, the indices/indicators were categorized into seven groups: (1) Healthy Cities (n=5), (2) Healthy Municipalities and Communities (n=18), (3) Healthy Markets (n=3), (4) Healthy Villages (n=1), (5) Healthy Workplaces (n=4), (6) Health-Promoting Schools (n=3), and (7) Healthy Hospitals (n=3). Health promotion specialists, health policymakers, and social health researchers can use this collection of indices/indicators while designing/evaluating interventions to create supportive environments for health in various settings.
Postoperative alterations in ventriculoarterial coupling are an indicator of cardiovascular outcomes in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Kim Ji Yeon , Moon Young-Jin , Lee Changjin , Kim Jin Ho , Park Junghyun , Kim Jung-Won
Published: July 2023

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) increases the heart and vessel workload in patients with cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. While the interaction of the left ventricle (LV) with the arterial system (ventriculoarterial coupling, VAC) is a key determinant of cardiovascular performance, little is known about changes in VAC after LT. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between VAC after LT and cardiovascular outcomes. Methods: 344 consecutive patients underwent echocardiographic assessments before and within 30 days after LT. Non-invasive arterial elastance (Ea), LV end-systolic elastance (Ees), and LV end-diastolic elastance (Eed) were calculated. The postoperative outcomes included the development of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and the length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital.Results: A total of 240 patients were included in the analyses. After LT, Ea increased by 16% (P < 0.001), and Ees and contractility index of systolic velocity (S') increased by 18% (P < 0.001) and 7% (P < 0.001), respectively. The Eed increased by 6% (P < 0.001). The VAC remained unchanged (0.56 to 0.56, P = 0.912). Of these patients, 29 had MACE, and those with MACE had significantly higher postoperative VAC. Additionally, a higher postoperative VAC was an independent risk factor for a longer postoperative hospital stay (P = 0.038). Conclusions: These data suggest that ventriculoarterial decoupling is associated with poor postoperative outcomes after LT.
A Case of Traumatic Hand Ischemia – Managed Successfully with Neurovascular and Soft-tissue Reconstruction
Authors: Jha Rakesh Kumar , Pushkarna Amit , Yerramsetty Pallavi
Published: July 2023

Upper limb has rich vascular supply due to sufficient collaterals around the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints which prevents ischemia and maintains viability of the upper limb in case of vascular injury or occlusion. There are numerous literature available, regarding the management of isolated single arterial injury in the forearm, which suggest that ligation of single artery (radial or ulnar) is safer if the companion arterial supply is intact. Hand salvage becomes more challenging when patient presents with acute hand ischemia following injury to both forearm arteries and has associated musculoskeletal injuries. We hereby report the case of a 24-year-old male who sustained glass-cut injuries to his right distal forearm resulting in both forearm arterial, nerves, flexor tendon injuries, and presented as acute hand ischemia. The patient was managed by reconstruction of radial and ulnar arteries using reverse saphenous vein graft (RSVG) along-with primary repair of median and ulnar nerves and flexor tendons. Skin and soft tissue defect was subsequently covered using antero-lateral thigh flap. The prompt and timely management of patient resulted in hand salvage with good functional outcome.
Delayed Presentation of Anterior Tibial Artery Pseudoaneurysm Causing Distal Ischemia – A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Singh R Rahul , Mosur Ajay B , Lakshminarayanan Rahul , Anandasu Ranjith Kumar , Ragaveena P , Mounika M Santhoshi , Meda Narendranadh
Published: July 2023

A pseudoaneurysm is a rare complication involving the vasculature and may be limb threatening if not treated. Pseudoaneurysm typically occurs when there is a breach in the vessel wall such that the blood leaks through the inner wall but is contained by the adventitia or surrounding perivascular soft tissue. These may be caused due to trauma to the vessel (either due to fractures, bony fragments), following endovascular therapy, or infective etiology, or other causes. Tibial and pedal artery aneurysms occur in the setting of penetrating trauma, fractures, or iatrogenic injury during orthopaedic surgery or peripheral interventions. Those causing significant symptoms must be repaired with autologous vein bypass grafts if there is distal ischemia. If other tibial arteries are patent, a simple ligation will also suffice. Coil embolization and conservative management resulting in spontaneous thrombosis of small pseudoaneurysms, have also been reported. We report a case of a 51 year old male with right Anterior Tibial Artery pseudoaneurysm which had developed over several years after a trauma with the patient presenting to us only after he started having symptoms of distal ischemia.
Artificial Intelligence in Respiratory Medicine
Authors: Kalaiyarasan K , Sridhar R
Published: July 2023

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and the medical field has opened a wide range of possibilities. Currently, the role of AI in the medical field is limited to image analysis (radiological and histopathology images), identifying and alerting about specific health conditions, and supporting clinical decisions. The future of lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and management is expected to undergo significant transformation with the use of radiomics, radiogenomics, and virtual biopsy. AI can also help physicians diagnose and treat a variety of respiratory illnesses, including interstitial lung diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pleural diseases such as effusion and pneumothorax, pneumonia, pulmonary artery hypertension, and tuberculosis. AI can also help in the automated analysis and reporting of lung function tests, polysomnography, and recorded breath sounds. Through robotic technology, AI is set to create new milestones in the realm of interventional pulmonology. A well-trained AI may also offer new insights into the genetic and molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases and may also assist in outlining the best course of action with the horizontal integration of patients' digital health records, digital radiographic images, digital pathology images, and biochemical lab reports. As with any technology, doctors and researchers should be aware of the advantages and limitations of AI, and they should use it responsibly to advance knowledge and provide better care to patients.
Isolated Pulmonary Mucormycosis in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Rajeev Vyshnavi , Narasimhan Ajay , Roger Jebin , Narasimhan R
Published: July 2023

Mucormycosis refers to the infection caused by a growing number of members of the Mucorales. Mucormycosis has emerged as an important opportunistic infection in severely immunocompromised patients with hematological malignancies and recipients of stem cell or organ transplantation and in poorly controlled diabetics. The diagnosis of mucormycosis relies upon histopathology and culture. Blood tests are of limited diagnostic value. Here, we present two cases of mucormycosis in diabetic patients diagnosed with tissue biopsy.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Symptoms in Pregnancy and Maternal and Neonatal Complications Due to COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Miraj Sepideh , Asgarian Azadeh , Mohammadbeigi Abolfazl , Derakhshani Maryam
Published: July 2023

Background:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in pregnant women is associated with severe maternal and neonatal complications including maternal and newborn death.

Aims:

This review aimed to assess the SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms during pregnancy as well as maternal and neonatal complications in Iran.

Settings and Design:

A developing and low-income country and a systematic review.

Materials and Methods:

International scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched in a systematic review manner. Two independent researchers were checked and identified articles from September 2019 to September 2022 based on eligibility criteria and quality appraisal. The results of review were reported in two sections including maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive statistics was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

Seventeen studies including 870 pregnant mothers with COVID-19 met the eligibility criteria and were reviewed. The main maternal consequences of COVID-19 were intensive care unit (ICU) admission, pre-term delivery, maternal death, pre-mature rupture of membranes, pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation and stillbirth. Neonatal ICU admission, newborn death, neonatal sepsis, low birth weight and respiratory distress syndrome, tachypnoea, asphyxia and pneumothorax were the most common outcomes of COVID-19 infection in offspring of pregnant subjects.

Conclusion:

Pregnant mothers with COVID-19 infection are at higher risk of being admitted to the ICU and mechanical ventilation and consequently maternal and neonatal death. Comparing the maternal and foetal consequences in different ethnicities, regions and countries may be related to the socioeconomic status of people and should be considered with respect to different determines. Moreover, the maternal and neonatal complications due to COVID-19 infection in Iran and other developing countries seem to be higher than other countries.
Bax/Bcl-2 Expression Ratio Analysis of Rat Ovary Vitrified with Date Juice Concentrate as a Natural Extracellular Cryoprotectant
Authors: Safrina Aisyah , Anita Nova , Jusuf Ahmad Aulia , Syaidah Rahimi , Saoemi Huriyah Adani
Published: July 2023

Background:

The use of extremely low temperatures in vitrification is known to cause cryoinjury so that it can trigger the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which can damage the structural integrity of the pre-antral follicle. Based on that, it is necessary to use an appropriate cryoprotectant to protect the preserved cell.

Aims:

This study aimed to identify the potential use of date juice concentrate (DJC) as a natural extracellular cryoprotectant to suppress the rate of apoptosis after vitrification.

Settings and Design:

This experimental research uses 24 samples of ovarian rats. Rats were fed and drank an ad libitum.

Materials and Methods:

Ovaries were isolated in the proestrus phase, then processed into slides for immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining using anti-Bax and anti-Bcl-2 antibodies. IHC results were evaluated for the brown colour using ImageJ IHC Profiler. The results were analysed as an optical density and displayed in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.

Statistical Analysis Used:

All data were statistically analysed with either parametric (analysis of various) or non-parametric (Kruskal–Wallis) tests.

Results:

The combination of EG 7.5% + DJC 15% (KP2) showed the lowest Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in primordial and primary follicles. Meanwhile, the lowest Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in secondary follicles is found in KP4 (EG 15% + DJC 15%). The DJC is known to contain a dominant amount of glucose. The DJC shows antioxidant activity and contains antioxidant compounds, phenols and flavonoids.

Conclusion:

The sugar content and antioxidant compounds of DJC can protect against follicle membrane damage, so the rate of intrinsic apoptosis pathway is also suppressed initially with Bax protein suppression in the mitochondrial membrane.
Clinical Outcomes in Patients Receiving Originator Follitropin Alfa and Follitropin Alfa Biosimilars in Real-world Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Patel Nayana Hitesh , Patel Niket H. , Patel Molina Niket , Bhadarka Harsha K. , Vyas Kairavi Sunilkumar
Published: July 2023

Background:

Biosimilar drugs have broadened the treatment options in assisted reproductive technology (ART). Real-world data comparing clinical outcomes of originator follitropin alfa (Gonal-f®) with its biosimilars are required to enrich the body of evidence for clinical decision-making on choice of drug.

Aims:

To compare the ART outcomes in patients receiving originator follitropin (Gonal-f®) and its biosimilars in clinical setting.

Settings and Design:

Medical records of 364 infertile women who underwent ART between 2016 and 2020 at Akanksha Hospital and Research Institute, Gujrat, India, were retrospectively analysed.

Materials and Methods:

Participants were divided into two cohorts based on treatment (Gonal-f® cohort; N = 174 and biosimilar cohort; N = 190), each cohort further subdivided into group A (age <35 years) and group B (age ≥35 years). Fresh or frozen embryo transfer was performed as per the standard procedures of the clinic. Pregnancy rates and live birth rate (LBR) were the primary main outcome measures in this study.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used for analysis.

Results:

The number of oocytes retrieved from Gonal-f® and biosimilar cohorts were comparable (13.3 vs. 14.4). Compared to biosimilars, Gonal-f® treatment resulted in higher yield of cleavage stage and blastocyst stage embryos, and the proportion of women with good quality embryos was higher in the Gonal-f® cohort than the biosimilar cohort (83.3% vs. 69.5%). Patients receiving Gonal-f® reported higher pregnancy rates (59.2% vs. 39.7%) and LBR (43% vs. 17.7%) compared to those receiving biosimilars.

Conclusions:

Gonal-f® (originator follitropin) treatment could result in higher pregnancy rates and LBR in comparison to biosimilars in real-world setting.
Protective Effect of Commercial Grade Vitamin C against Alcohol-induced Testicular Damage in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: George Taiwo Emmanuel , Okhiai Peter Okhemukhokho , Osonuga Ifabunmi Oduyemi , Oyesola Olusoji Adebusoye
Published: July 2023

Background:

Alcohol consumption has a negative effect on male fertility, but Vitamin C may be able to alleviate this effect.

Aims:

In this study, the protective effect of Vitamin C against alcohol-induced testicular damage in adult male Wistar rats was evaluated.

Settings and Design:

This study was conducted in a University setting. Following a 14-day acclimatisation period, forty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into eight groups of five rats. The control group received only food and water, test group B received alcohol only, test group C to E received different doses of Vitamin C, test group F to G received different doses of Vitamin C and alcohol.

Materials and Methods:

After a 21-day treatment period, the testis were harvested and analysed for sperm parameters, antioxidant enzyme activity, level of lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes.

Statistical Analysis Used:

All analyses was performed using SPSS (version 16) and Microsoft Excel (2019) using Student's t-test.

Results:

The results showed that in groups administered with alcohol only, there was a decrease in sperm count. Sperm motility, morphology, viability and antioxidant enzyme activity, but increase in the level of lipid peroxidation. In groups treated with Vitamin C and alcohol, there was improvement in the sperm parameters, antioxidant enzymes activity and a decrease and decrease in lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, in the histology of the testis, regenerative changes were seen.

Conclusion:

The chronic consumption of alcohol can have a deleterious effect on the testis, but commercial-grade Vitamin C can reverse these effects.
Effect of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Spinal Surgery Patients: Our Experience at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Verma Virendra K. , Mishra Pankaj K. , Agrawal Udit , Santoshi John A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

In December 2019, a cluster of atypical cases of pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, China, which was later designated as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO) on Feb 11, 2020. We all are facing a global pandemic, and it is very important to be clear that there is no correct roadmap to navigate this difficult situation. It is imperative to state that this global pandemic impacted the spine care services of our institute. In the present study, we have assessed the spine surgeries performed by orthopedic surgeons in terms of volume and etiologies during the COVID-19 pandemic and compared the data with a pre-COVID period.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively collected data from all patients who underwent spinal surgeries at our institute under the department of orthopedics from August 20, 2019 to August 20, 2020 (a total of 12 months duration). The data was then divided into two groups—pre-COVID period (August 20, 2019–February 19, 2020—6 months) and during the COVID pandemic (February 20, 2020–August 20, 2021—6 months).

Results:

A total of 140 patients underwent surgery at our institute from August 20, 2019 to August 20, 2020. Of these, 91 patients underwent surgery during the pre-COVID period, and 49 patients underwent surgery during the COVID pandemic. In this devastating phase of the pandemic, our department’s total number of surgeries significantly declined to 46.15%. The routine surgeries performed during the pandemic phase show a steep fall from 59.34% in the pre-COVID period to 10.20%.

Conclusion:

This paper is meant to focus attention on the exorbitant reduction in the operative workflow of the spine patients during the COVID-19 pandemic at a tertiary healthcare institute. It is the need of the hour that orthopedic surgeons maintain equilibrium while providing the best possible treatment to their patients and limiting the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Doppler Ultrasound Assessment of Tumor Vascularity in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer at Diagnosis and following Primary Systemic Chemotherapy
Authors: Patel Sanjaykumar P. , Nimavat Keyur , Patel Pragnesh , Kachhadia Jenish
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The primary goal of this research is to compare the morphological response, as determined by clinical and sonographic examination, to the gold standard, histology, in assessing the effectiveness of major systemic chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

Materials and Methods:

During the check and before each example of chemotherapy (FAC schedule), 54 patients with privately progressed, non-metastatic breast disease underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment, ultrasonography of the breast and axillae, and assortment and spooky Doppler appraisal to evaluate response to therapy.

Results:

In 90% of instances, Doppler provided early insight into how a patient might respond to treatment. Disappearance of all vascular signals inside the tumor was shown to be the strongest predictor of full pathological response.

Conclusion:

Patients with LABC may benefit from using color Doppler to determine how well chemotherapy is working.
Comparative Study of Microbial Adhesion on Different Orthodontic Brackets - An In Vivo Study
Authors: Tripathi Vartika , Assudani Neha , Alasmari Abdullah S. , Meher Jasbir , Khan Salman H. , Khan Samir Sahib M.N.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To study the microbial adhesion on different orthodontic brackets (conventional, ceramic, and self-ligating brackets).

Materials and Methods:

Three types of bracket systems i.e. self-ligating, conventional, and ceramic brackets were used consisting of 10 patients for each bracket system. Out of 30 patients 20 patients will be treated with conventional and ceramic brackets, in which, in one-half of the mouth steel ligature ties are placed and in the other half elastomeric rings would be placed. We collected swabs from the central incisors and first premolars of the both the right and left sides of both the maxillary and mandibular arches. The samples were collected three times from the above-mentioned teeth once prior to the placement of the brackets, the second and third samples after one and three months respectively.

Result:

Significant variations were between the pretreatment and after one and three months of bracket placement in all three groups. Significant increase in the microbial adhesion of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in conventional bracket form pretreatment to one and three months after bracket placement is seen. Although the colony formed by anaerobic bacteria is more in number in comparison to the aerobic bacteria.

Conclusion:

Our study reveals that the most hygienic bracket is a self-ligating bracket that should be used in patients who have poor oral hygiene. We also found that using steel ligature is more suitable as compared to elastomeric ligature in both conventional and ceramic brackets.
Comparative Evaluation of the Rigidity and Accuracy of Different Elastomeric Impression Materials with Open Tray Implant Level Impression Technique—An In vitro Study
Authors: Aidasani Ashwin N. , Jain Shailesh , Hassan Sahba , Sharma Anu , Shanthi C. , Fere Sandeep
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

An implant-supported prosthesis requires a precise imprint to provide a good fit. It has been suggested that for implant/abutment level impressions, both the indirect (closed tray) and direct (open tray) methods are effective in achieving a passively fitting prosthesis.

Aim:

With an open plate embed level impression technique, this in vitro investigation set out to evaluate three different elastomeric imprint materials for their relative rigidity and precision.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty bespoke trays were created. Part I (rotational opposition assessment) of the investigation included selecting 30 uniquely shaped plates at random and using them to create embed-level open plate engraves. The second part of this investigation (evaluation of rotational discrepancy and vertical inconsistency) used open plate embed level impressions generated with the remaining thirty individualized plates to evaluate how well these materials recreated the patient’s impressions.

Result:

Within the bounds of the current investigation, vinylpolysiloxane had the highest degree of stiffness among the impression materials examined in comparison to polyether and vinylsiloxanether, as seen by its much greater rotational resistance to torquing. A rotational discrepancy was shown to be much lower in polyether open tray implant level impressions compared to vinylpolysiloxane and comparable to vinylsiloxane.

Conclusion:

In this investigation, the firmest impression medium was vinylpolysiloxane, followed by polyether and vinylsiloxanether for taking imprints of implants. Polyether material, however, was more precise than vinylpolysiloxane and vinylsiloxanether.
Analytical Study of Mandible: Prerequisite for Sex Determination
Authors: Shree Bhagya , Soni Sachin , Sharma Sanjay K. , Handge Keshav , Kumar Ashwini , Das Sushant S. , Puri Nidhi
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Human skull consists of various bones. One of them is mandible which is quite resistant, tough and shows systemic differences in form between individuals of different sex. It resists putrefaction also. There are characteristic features in the mandible that help us to differentiate sex in case of unknown victims like in mass disasters or in case fragmentary remains of the skeleton are found. Analysis of mandible with regard to its features is of great assistance in the determination of sex.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 80 dry mandible bones were collected. Morphological and morphometric parameters were studied to determine their sex. A total of nine parameters, i.e., three non-metric and six metric parameters were observed for each mandible. Data was collected for each parameter.

Results:

Among 80 dry mandible bones, 55 were males and 25 were females. 81.2% males bones had a square chin whereas, 80% females had a rounded chin. Gonial flare was everted in 89% males and inverted in 68% females.

Conclusion:

Mandible exhibits significant sexual differences. Various morphological and morphometric parameters are essential for sex determination in case of mandible bone.
Comparative Evaluation of Root Canal Transportation and Centering Ability in Curved Mesiobuccal Canals of Mandibular First Molars after Instrumentation with Different File Systems—An In vitro Study
Authors: Langaliya Akshayraj , Kothari Anjali , Buch Aastha , Dave Riya , Shah Jinali , Shah Nishtha
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To assess the canal transportation and centering ability in the mandibular first molars’ curved mesiobuccal canals after instrumentation with file systems XP endo Shaper, self-adjusting File (SAF), Hyflex EDM, Pro Taper NEXT, WaveOne Gold, and K files with the help of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:

Ninety recently extracted mandibular first molars with mesiobuccal roots that had a 25-30 degree canal curvature were assessed. Following preoperative CBCT scans, teeth were allocated randomly to six experimental groups of fifteen. After preparation with XP endo Shaper, SAF, Hyflex EDM, Pro Taper Next, WaveOne Gold, and K files, post-instrumentation scans were taken using same parameters as pre operative scans. At 3 mm, 6 mm, and 9 mm from the apex, samples were assessed for canal transportation and centering ratio.

Results:

Apical transportation was least for XP endo Shaper as compared to other groups except SAF and the results were statistically significant. K file showed the highest apical transportation toward the lateral wall of the root canal. XP endo Shaper was better in maintaining centering ability of middle and apical third of canal and SAF was better in maintaining centering ability of coronal third.

Conclusion:

In root canal preparation, least apical transportation and better centering ability with XP endo Shaper than other file systems compared. K file showed the highest transportation.
Evaluation of Sealing Ability of MTA Flow, Biodentine and Pro-Root MTA to Seal the Furcal Perforation with and without Internal Matrix- An In vitro Study
Authors: Patel Mahendra , Patel Hardik , Kesharani Pooja , Jani Karna , Shah Khyati , Kapadia Utsavi
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Endodontic mistakes, also known as procedural accidents, are those bad events that occur during treatment, some of which are attributable to a lack of attention to detail and others of which are completely unforeseeable. The second most frequent reason for root canal failure is perforation.

Aims and Objective:

The current in vitro study’s objective was to assess the furcal perforation’s potential to be sealed with and without internal matrix by MTA flow, Biodentine, and pro-root MTA.

Materials and Methods:

60 samples were allocated into six groups at random (10 each). In intact permanent mandibular first and second teeth, furcal perforation sites were made and sealed with various materials. Following perforation sealing, the specimens’ capacity for sealing was evaluated using the dye penetration method.

Result:

The current study’s findings indicated that Group 2 has the least amount of microleakage and Group 5 has the most.

Conclusion:

Biodentine has excellent sealing capabilities and can be utilised to heal furcation perforations with or without internal matrix.
A Study to Assess Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Vitamin D on Gingivitis: A Dose Dependent Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Srivastava Rahul , Raza Hadi , Kabra Pooja , Arya Ashtha , Purushothaman Athira , Thomas Pallavi A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Vitamin D deficiency increases gingivitis risk. Studies show that higher vitamin D levels reduce inflammation.

Materials and Methods:

College conducted a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial on 451 people’s vitamin D and gingival health at baseline. For three months, participants were given a placebo (group A), 1000 international units (IU) of vitamin D3 per day (group B), 500 IU per day (group C), or 2000 IU per day (group A). Gingival scores were recorded for three months to assess the anti-inflammatory effect (the first, second, and third). Vitamin D levels also affected gingivitis.

Results:

Vitamin D dose-dependently reduces gingivitis inflammation. Vitamin D administration negatively correlated with gingival index score. Anti-inflammatory vitamin D levels are 32–37 ng/ml.

Conclusion:

Vitamin D supplementation can reduce gingivitis severity. The optimal blood vitamin D level is 30–35 ng/ml.
Incidence of Canine Impaction in Tribal Population of Jharkhand
Authors: Jha Awanindra K. , Chandra Subhash , Mallick Saurabh , Prakash Om , Ranjan Vikrant , Ekram Subia
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The position of the canine has a key role in facial harmony, dental aesthetics, functional occlusion, and health of temperomandibular joint. Maxillary canine impaction is the second most common tooth after third molars impaction. Maxillary canines are more prone to impaction due to longer path of eruption.

Settings and Design:

All the patients were examined in the Dental Chair light and referred to the department of Oral Radiology for Orthopantomogram. Yamamoto’s classification was used to classify maxillary canine impaction. Position of mandibular canine from cement-enamel junction was used for mandibular canine impaction.

Materials and Methods:

The study was performed on 2300 patients who consulted the orthodontic department from January 2018 to July 2022. Orthopantomogram of each patient was examined for canine impaction, retained deciduous teeth, cyst, and other anomalies. The incidence and pattern of canine impaction was assessed.

Statistical Analysis:

The data was then statistically analyzed using Graph Pad Prism software. The incidence of impacted canine was evaluated. The effect of gender was evaluated using a t-test.

Results:

A total of 2300 subjects were examined out of which 52 individuals were diagnosed with canine impaction. The incidence of canine impaction among orthodontic patients is 2.26%. The amount of canine impaction in females (60%) is higher than males (40%). The ratio of canine impaction of the maxilla and mandible is 2.5.

Conclusion:

The incidence of canine impaction was found to be 2.26 percent in the tribal dominant population of Jharkhand. Type II (50%) pattern in the maxilla and Level A (57%) impaction in the mandible was found to be the highest.
Dermatoglyphic Patterns in Patients Having Impacted and Erupted Third Molars—A Comparative Study
Authors: Mehta Dhaval N. , Thakkar Vallabha C. , Mandviya Parth , Jadav Braina , Goswami Riddhi , Chavda Raksha
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The dermatoglyphics have been used in several researches for predicting various pathologies of oral cavity like periodontitis, dental caries, impacted teeth, mal-occlusion, developmental defects such as cleft lip and palate, and potentially malignant disorders. Impacted teeth may be associated with various pathologies such as caries, pericoronitis, dentigerous cysts, and keratocystic odontogenic tumors; therefore, predicting impacted teeth through dermatoglyphic patterns can help in diagnosis and future treatment planning of such event.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim and objective of the study were to evaluate and compare various dermatoglyphic patterns in the patients with the impacted maxillary and/or mandibular third molar (group 1) and patients having erupted maxillary and/or mandibular third molar (group 2).

Materials and Methods:

This study comprised totally 300 patients, which were divided into two groups, according to erupted or impacted maxillary and/or mandibular third molar visiting outpatient department, who fulfilled the selection criteria for the study. After a comprehensive clinical examination, dermatoglyphic patterns were recorded from the same individuals. Panoramic radiographs were taken to confirm the diagnosis. Data collected were entered in the spreadsheet and analyzed. For all tests, P value was set at <0.05 and was considered statistically significant.

Result:

There was statistical significance noted in frequencies of whorl pattern in patients of group 1 and loop pattern in patients of group 2.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that dermatoglyphic patterns can be used to assess the prevalence of impacted wisdom teeth.
A Retrospective Analysis to Assess the Reasons for the Failure of Dental Implants
Authors: Yarramsetty Greeshma Vani , Singiri Bindhu Madhavi , Vijay K. R , Balaji V. C. , Anusha Kaki , Thota Roger P.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

To assess the reasons for dental implant failures.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 100 implants were studied in 80 subjects. The radiographic investigations were performed to assess the record length of implant and diameter of implant. Risk factors, such as habit of smoking, history of diabetes, and hypertension, were recorded. The data were collected and assessed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to assess the failure rate in dental implants. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

A total of 100 dental implants were included. The maximum dental implant failure was seen with a diameter <3.75 mm (30%) followed by 3.75–4.5 mm (16%) and >4.5 mm (6.15%). The difference was found to be significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Dental implant failure was high in dental implants with <3.75 mm diameter, dental implants with a length <10.0 mm, and among smokers.
Triad of Cheiloscopy, Dactyloscopy, and Blood Groups: Does it Signify Anything?
Authors: Abidullah Mohammed
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The knowledge and importance of blood groups emerged from transfusion medicine and its relation with certain malignancies has been proven. Its importance in forensic medicine was brought to light when its association was found with the distribution of finger patterns. Thus, few studies exist proving the relationship between dactyloscopy and blood groups. Cheiloscopy on other hand is the study of the irregularities present on the lips forming a unique arrangement called the prints of the lip.

Aim:

Our paper aims at elucidating any unique combination if any that exists between prints on lips, prints of fingers, and blood grouping in a specific population, which might help in the identification of an individual.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 100 subjects of age varying from 15 to 40 years were included in the study. Subjects comprised of 50 males and 50 females. All the subjects were examined and their prints of lips along with prints of their fingers were taken. Blood groups were determined for each patient using the ABO system.

Results:

Type I was found to be the predominant pattern of lips and whorl arrangement was the most recorded type of fingerprint in males whereas Type II arrangement along with loop prints of fingers was most observed in the case of females. The most common blood group in males was B+ and in females was O+ . Correlation between three parameters was obtained by Pearson correlation statistical analysis.

Conclusion:

The prints of the lips and fingers of an individual have never been similar and they tend to remain the same from a person’s birth until his death. An association between the three things of an individual that is prints of lips, fingers, and his blood group has been tried to be elucidated through the present research to aid in forensic identification.
Knowledge of Staff Nurses on Health Hazards related to Biomedical Waste Disposal in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shaik Riyaz A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The study aimed to assess staff nurses’ knowledge of the health concerns connected with biomedical waste disposal.

Materials and Methods:

The descriptive study was performed with a sample of 50 staff nurses from a tertiary hospital. The semi-structured questionnaire was made to be used when interviewing participants. It has information about the person’s age in years, religion, monthly family income, family type, marital status, previous biomedical waste management education exposure, and the source of information.

Results:

Participants were between the ages of 20 and 60. Only five 20–30-year olds are moderately knowledgeable. Out of 50 nurses, 41 (82%) had an adequate level of knowledge, 9 (18%) had a moderate level of knowledge on biomedical waste management, and none of them had too inadequate knowledge.

Conclusions:

The proper handling of biomedical waste necessitates that all hospital staff undergo extensive training on the collection, sorting, transportation, and storage of waste in color-coded bins before disposal and treatment.
Evaluation of Age, Chief Complaint, Diagnosis, and Treatment Done during the First Dental Visit among Children in an Academic Dental Institution in Southern Kerala, India
Authors: Joseph Ashwin , Joseph Angel M. , James Joisy P. , Sreepriya G. , Alammari Rawan B. , Mustafa Mohammed Z.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Context:

A regular and timely first dental visit plays a cardinal role in the future oral health of the child. It is used to begin preventive and corrective interventions in dental care.

Aim:

To evaluate the age, chief complaint, diagnosis, and treatment done during the first dental visit among children in an academic dental institution in southern Kerala, India.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross sectional retrospective survey was conducted between January and June 2022 among children in an academic dental institution in southern Kerala, India. The hospital records at the Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences were examined to obtain the child’s age, chief complaint, diagnosis, and treatment done during the first dental visit among children. Statistical Analysis: The data were expressed in frequencies and percentages.

Results:

The records of 1000 children (680 male and 320 female) were examined. Most children (40%) who came for their first dental visit were aged between 4 and 6 years. Only 16% of children aged 0–3 years came for their first dental visit. Pain and sensitivity (50%) and tooth decay (17%) were the most common chief complaints among children. Dental caries (45%) and pulpal pathology (38%) were the most common diagnoses among children. The most common treatments done were glass ionomer cement restorations (32%), followed by prescribing medications (29%). No treatment was required for 16% of the children. Only a minority (3%) of the children received preventive treatments.

Conclusions:

The first dental visit was delayed, and most children sought treatment only during apparent acute symptoms. There is a high prevalence of oral disease burden and underutilization of preventive dental care among children. Education of parents on the value of first dental visits and the usage of preventative dental care in children is crucial.
Cephalometric Assessment of Differences in Soft Tissue and Dental Compensation in Skeletal Class II Div 1 Malocclusion
Authors: Sonone Truppti P. , Mahajan Nikhil , Pol Tejas , Kaur Sukhpreet , Singh Aashna , Jha Satyendra K.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

This study was conducted to evaluate the differences in soft tissue as well as dental compensation in skeletal Class II div 1 malocclusion.

Methods and Materials:

The study sample consists of pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of 100 subjects of both gender having skeletal Class II and dental Class II div 1 malocclusion visiting the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College, and Hospital Navi Mumbai. Cephalograms of the subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in this study.

Results:

This research was conducted to assess dental and soft tissue compensation in skeletal Class II div 1 malocclusion and comparative assessment of lip prominence measured from two soft tissue vertical reference lines. The 100 subjects selected randomly out of which 44 men and 56 women, age ranging from 18 to 35 years.

Conclusion:

ARNETT’S method and PROFFIT’S method showed statistically significant as P < 0.0001. PROFFIT’S method and LEGAN-BURSTONE’S method showed statistically significant as P < 0.0001.