bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ways of implementation of international electoral standards in the national legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Chyzhmar V.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of implementation and ways of implementation of international electoral standards in the national electoral legislation of Ukraine. The work provides a critical review of scientific approaches of domestic and foreign scholars to understanding the legal nature of the implementation of international acts. The author concludes that the implementation of international acts is a state-building/law-making process of individual countries, which includes the recognition by the state of international legal norms and their implementation in national legislation and in practice with a view to comprehensive, timely and full implementation of the obligations assumed by the state under international law.

The article analyzes the existing positions of legal scholars on the ways of implementing international legal standards in legal science and, on this basis, identifies and characterizes the ways of implementing international electoral standards in the national legislation of Ukraine. The main such ways are, firstly, reception, when there is a textual repetition of the content of the act/norm adopted by the international community in the national legislation of the respective state without their changes. That is, it is the actual repetition of the content of international law by the relevant acts of national law. Secondly, transformation, which is a method of implementation associated with the revision of the text of an international legal act in accordance with the principles of the national legal system and the adoption of domestic law on this basis. This makes it possible to implement the norms of international law with their maximum compliance with the domestic principles of rule-making technique. Its separate form is a reference, when a norm is created that refers to international acts, traditions of international law. Thanks to this form, the State authorizes the direct application of international law in domestic legal relations. It is determined that these ways of implementing international electoral standards in the national electoral legislation were especially evident in the adoption of the Electoral Code of Ukraine.
The principle of democracy and people's power in judicial law
Authors: Shcherbanyuk O.
Published: March 2023

In the modern era, only a political regime based on popular sovereignty, and the ultimate goal of which is the observance of the basic rights of the human person, can be considered democratic, as democratic. The sovereignty of the people, which is not aimed at the realization of human rights, necessarily leads to the free will of the majority. Full respect for human rights, in turn, is unattainable when the supreme political power does not belong to the people. The judiciary, as an organ of a democratic state, must be structured in accordance with both of these requirements. However, it should be noted that, unlike other state authorities, the judiciary has a notable feature. Although it is by definition the main guarantee of full respect for human rights, in most countries judges, with rare exceptions, are not elected by popular vote. In fact, the factor which unites the judicial power with the spirit of democracy (in the sense Montesquieu assigned to the word) is the outstanding attribute, the only one capable of ensuring the absence of suffrage: it is that public prestige, based on a wide moral respect, which in Roman civilization was called auctoriai. It is the legitimacy of respect and trust that causes people to judge. However, this special characteristic of judges, in the conditions of democracy, is essentially based on the independence and responsibility with which the state body as a whole, and the individual considered public agents, perform the political functions that the constitution, as the original manifestation of the will of the sovereign people, entrusts to them.

Therefore, if we want to check how democratic the judiciary is, we must analyze its organization and its functioning, according to the fundamental requirements of independence. It is about the fact that the judiciary is generally independent when it is not subject to other powers of the state. In turn, judges are said to be independent when there is no hierarchical subordination between them, despite the multiplicity of instances and degrees of jurisdiction.
Busines legal regulation of the contractual use of intellectual property objects
Authors: Borsuk N. , Kikot P.
Published: March 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of legal regulation of contractual relations on the use of intellectual property objects in the field of business. It has been proven that the importance of the civil law regulation of these relations in the norms of the Economic Code of Ukraine is slightly underestimated. The legal regulation of relations on the contractual use of intellectual property objects by economic norms and norms of civil legislation complex. The issue of concluding a contract is ensured by the norms of economic legislation, and the legal status of the creator (or other person who owns property rights to intellectual property) and the legal regime of the object of intellectual property is regulated by the norms of civil legislation.

Differences in the provisions of economic legislation and the norms of special laws regarding the form of contracts on the transfer of rights to use an intellectual property object were revealed. In special legislation, the written form is defined as a condition for the validity of the contract; the consequences of violation of this condition are defined in the norms of the Civil Code of Ukraine - non-compliance with the written form leads to the invalidity of these contracts.

A number of factors affecting the content of business contracts on granting the right to use intellectual property objects have been determined. These factors are enshrined in the norms of economic and civil legislation, in particular in special laws that determine the legal regime of individual objects of intellectual property.  The value of exemplary and standard contracts for the legal regulation of the use of intellectual property objects on the basis of the contract has been revealed.

Based on the analysis of the requirements of economic and civil legislation, a list of essential conditions of the economic agreement on the transfer of intellectual property objects for use has been determined. It has been proven that the essential conditions of such an agreement are the conditions on the subject, on the terms, on the methods of using the object of intellectual property, on the territory to which the right to use the object of intellectual property is extended, as well as any conditions in respect of which the requirements at least. one of the parties to the contract must reach an agreement.
Foreign experience of legal regulation of the conclusion of contracts between mother, father and children
Authors: Vagina І.
Published: March 2023

In the scientific article, the author conducted a scientific study of the foreign experience of legal regulation of contractual relations between mother, father, and child, including under the legislation of the European Union states. Based on the conducted research, the author concluded that the legal regulation of the conclusion of contracts between the mother, father, and child under the legislation of the European Union states is mainly carried out through the determination of the possibility of concluding contracts, without clarifying the provisions on their form and essential conditions. In particular, the possibility of concluding a "statement on the exercise of parental rights" ("agreement of parents on establishing the procedure for the exercise of parental rights and determining contributions for the maintenance and upbringing of a child") under French civil law is defined in this way; "agreements on the method of providing maintenance" and "applications for acceptance of parental care" under German civil law; relevant agreements under the legislation of Latvia (agreement of parents: on determining the child's surname, cancellation of adoption, on establishing joint or separate parental care of the child, on establishing the terms of communication with the child of the parent who lives separately), Estonia (agreement on the fulfillment of the obligation parents regarding child maintenance), Czech Republic (agreements: on establishing paternity, on exercising mutual parental rights and responsibilities, on establishing the terms of communication with the child of the parent who lives separately from the child, on managing the child's property, on exercising parental rights and responsibilities after divorce, about the payment of alimony), Poland ("declaration of the spouses about the child's surname", "agreement on how to exercise parental responsibility and maintain contact with the child, in accordance with the best interests of the child"), "agreement on the rules for determining contact between parents and children"), Bulgaria (agreement on the place of residence of children, parentage, personal relationships, etc child support). The legislation of these countries (except Bulgaria) limits the possibility of regulating relations between parents and children by a marriage contract; Czech and Polish legislation also allows the conclusion of alimony contracts regarding the maintenance of children of their incapacitated parents. Hungarian civil and Moldovan family legislation more broadly define the essential conditions and form of contracts between parents and children, primarily regarding the contract on providing maintenance to a participant in family relations and the contract on communication with the child. In the author's opinion, the experience of these states should be borrowed, and the same detailed regulation provided for in the Family Code of Ukraine.
The officials of local government bodies as subjects of notarial procedural legal relationship
Authors: Kryzhevska O.
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the scientific and practical analysis of the legal position of an official of a local self-government body as one of the subjects of a notarial procedural legal relationship on the part of a person who performs a notarial act. It is argued that the changes in the legislation, as a result of which the right to perform notarial acts was granted only to local self-government bodies in rural settlements, are unfounded. The specified changes have led to a deterioration in the provision of notarial services to the population, which makes it necessary to return to the situation that existed before. At the same time, the performance of individual notarial actions by officials of local self-government bodies should generally be considered as the authority of the local self-government body, and not as the creation of some kind of competition for notaries available in the area. The reasons for granting local self-government officials the right to perform notarial acts in the field of inheritance require approval. However, the big problems in practice that arose as a result of this negated all the positives and raised questions about the expediency of the existence of the corresponding subject competence of these officials. Agreeing with the higher qualification requirements for officials of local self-government bodies who perform notarial acts regarding inheritance, the author of the article notes their extremely high level, which actually leads to the impossibility of implementing the relevant provisions in practice.

A conclusion was made regarding the need to grant the right to perform a certain amount of notarial acts to authorized officials of local self-government bodies of all settlements, regardless of whether this settlement is rural or urban, as well as regardless of whether this settlement has a notary public.
Good faith as a conceptual basis for the legitimate implementation of civil procedural rights and obligations
Authors: Kuzmenko K.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the category of good faith in civil proceedings. The author notes that in the field of jurisprudence, and especially in the field of judicial jurisdiction, concepts and categories that belong to the field of ethics and morality by virtue of their nature began to be applied more and more often. One of these categories is good faith.

It is justified that the problem of good faith is characteristic of each of the historical eras of the development of known forms of civil process. Even in the light of judicial transformations of the past, effective procedural means of combating dishonest behavior have not been developed. In modern conditions, research on the category of good faith in civil proceedings is being updated. It is not even so much about giving this category the quality of a principle, although it is worth noting that there are certain normative grounds for this.

Good faith, by its very nature, is a non-legal category, in order to determine its content in this sense, it is necessary to refer to other concepts and categories of ethics and morality. Secondly, the category of good faith is traditionally used by the legislator to describe the limits of lawful behavior and, thus, to determine the limits of the possible implementation of civil procedural rights. Thirdly, giving the category of good faith as a legal obligation should be considered in the context of the elements of the normative and theoretical construction of the abuse of procedural rights and the mechanism of countering them.

In general, it should be emphasized that the category of good faith plays a key role in determining the criteria by which it is possible to distinguish the legitimate active use of the right from its abuse. For civil procedural law and civil justice, this problem is particularly relevant, because by its legal nature, civil justice is designed to mediate the conflict of the parties, their competition and opposition to each other. Competition and opposition in civil litigation is the norm, not an abuse. Therefore, when researching the chosen topic, the central task is to find an answer to the question of in which cases competition and opposition turn into abuse of rights.
Features of the application of police care concerning minors
Authors: Moroz O. , Kostovska K.
Published: March 2023

The article examines the peculiarities of the use of police custody in relation to minors. As a result of the study, it was learned that police custody is a police measure, that is, such a measure that police officers are authorized to apply. The subjects of police custody are police officers. One of the main tasks of the National Police of Ukraine is to ensure the implementation and protection of the rights and freedoms of all categories of citizens, including children. It is worth noting that one of the innovations of the Law is the introduction into the practical activity of police bodies of such a preventive police measure as police custody of certain categories of persons, which was not previously used in the activities of police bodies. The peculiarity of the purpose of police custody is not only the facts of the need to eliminate circumstances that create risks for the persons in respect of whom police custody is carried out, but also for the persons surrounding them.

Despite the legal definition of the procedural procedure for police custody (compilation of a protocol), a single document was not developed that recorded the specified measure, and only a corresponding report was drawn up about its application by the police, the content of which was also free and in fact did not contain complete information about application of a police measure. On October 12, 2020, after the issuance of the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine No. m724 "On the approval of the Instructions for the preparation of materials on the use of police custody", the procedural registration of the applied police measure became possible, since the specified order approved a sample of the protocol on the use of police custody. Considering that the main purpose of police custody is to provide assistance to the person for whom it is carried out, including medical, legal, household, etc., the adoption and implementation of the specified order is a relevant and timely event, as it made it possible to bring administrative actions of a police officer in accordance with the requirements of the Constitution and state legislation.
Restoration of administrative justice in the French occupation zone of Germany and the western sectors of Berlin after 1945: historical and legal aspects
Authors: Paslavska N.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of restoring administrative justice in the French occupation zone of Germany and the western sectors of Berlin after 1945. In each of the four occupation zones, this process took place with its own characteristics. But in each case, the restoration of administrative justice in various occupation zones was facilitated by previous historical and legal experience. Even before the Weimar period, administrative courts actually existed in most of the lands of the German Reich, but administrative legal protection at that time was not guided by any single concept, but rather offered a mixed system of administrative justice. The subject of disputes was the problem of subordinating administrative justice to the current administration or the courts. Depending on the solution of this problem, the administrative justice of each of the lands showed certain features. On the basis of this experience, administrative justice was restored in the respective occupation zones of Germany after the seizure of power by the National Socialists on January 30, 1933 and their defeat in the Second World War.

The French occupation zone was formed from parts of the American and British occupation zones, which included heterogeneous administrative units - the southern part of the former Prussian Rhineland, part of the Prussian province of Nassau, Rheinhessen, the Saar region, the former Bavarian Palatinate, Southern Baden, Southern Württemberg, Hohenzollern and of the Bavarian district of Lindau. The states of Rhineland-Palatinate, Baden and Württemberg-Hohenzollern were formed from them, and the Saar region, later Saarland, began to develop independently. The Bavarian district of Lindau, which rejoined Bavaria on September 1, 1955, was at that time autonomous and under the guardianship of Württemberg-Hohenzollern.

The order of the General Administrator on the restoration of administrative justice in the French zone of July 23, 1946 provided for the restoration of the administrative courts of the states of Baden, Württemberg, Hesse-Pfalz and Rhineland-Hessen-Nassau. Regarding the composition of the courts, their jurisdiction and procedure, the provisions that were in force until January 30, 1935 were applied. In Saar, the creation of administrative courts was provided for by a separate order.
Permit system as a special type of activity bodies of public administration
Authors: Shilo S.
Published: March 2023

The scientific article analyzes modern theoretical ideas about the essence of the concepts of ‘permission’ and ‘permission system’, on the basis of which the author's definition of the concept of ‘permission system’ is formulated, its essence and main features are revealed. Based on the study and analysis of scientific sources and the legal framework, the place of the permit system in the activities of public administration bodies is determined. It was found that the concept of ‘permissive system’ must be considered in two aspects: in a broad and narrow sense. It is substantiated that the concept of a permit system in a narrow sense actually reveals the essence of the exercise of control by an authorized body of public administration over the circulation of objects, materials and substances that pose an increased danger to human life and health and for which special rules or procedures have been established. As we can see, a common feature among the presented definitions of the term "permit" is the mandatory presence of a separate official document from an authorized entity that grants the corresponding right to something, as well as the definition of the objects and subjects of this permit, "...that is, who, to whom , where, under what conditions and during what period provides the opportunity to carry out this or that activity, to use these or that individual objects, substances or materials". The permissive system does not "permit" to have this or that right, but creates an appropriate procedural format for its proper (adequate, compliant with the requirements of the law) implementation. This applies to many other human and citizen rights. They are quite real and inalienable, but for their appropriate implementation, it is necessary to "deploy" (initiate and carry out) procedures prescribed by law, to go through all stages of the process prescribed by law. Legal implementation is procedural by nature, it is difficult to imagine any complex legal relations (and human rights are their embodiment) that could be implemented without procedural design. Considering the fact that the authority to implement the permit system in this area is entrusted to the police authorities, it was concluded that the permit system in the narrow sense should be considered as the permit system of the National Police of Ukraine.
Legal means: concepts, types, functions and interaction in process of regulating social relations
Authors: Pavliukov І.
Published: March 2023

Goal. Clarification of the concept, types, functions and principles of interaction of legal means. Disclosure of the essence of legal means as a key element of the instrumental theory of law. Justification of the concept of legal remedies and their properties, definition of classification criteria and types of legal remedies; carrying out a scientific analysis of the functional purpose of legal means, researching the principles of the interaction of legal means. Research methods. When conducting the research, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge were used. Scientific novelty. The author's definition of legal remedies is provided. The main approaches to the definition of legal means and their main characteristics are considered, as well as the properties of legal means are substantiated. The main features of means-settings and means-actions are analysed. Classification criteria and types of legal remedies are defined. A scientific analysis of the functional purpose of legal means was carried out. The main principles of the interaction of legal means have been studied. Conclusions. Legal means are fundamental means of legal regulation, which have their own characteristics and functional purpose. Application in a complex of means-settings and means of actions can ensure the best result of legal regulation. When using specific legal means, it is important to know how to match them correctly, so that in their interaction the selected means (tools and technologies) correspond to each other in a certain situation, strengthen the effect and legal force of each other and lead to a qualitative effect of legal regulation. Thus, it is important for each chosen legal means to be informed about the possibilities of correlation, the possibility to enter into a connection with other means in an appropriate manner. Only in this case, it is possible to choose a specific effective legal remedy to achieve the set goals.
The concept of the economic basis of local government and its organizational and legal security in the conditions of war in Ukraine
Authors: Bedrii R.
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes the concept of the economic basis of local self-government. In particular, it is stated that the determining importance in the content of this concept is its social orientation, which is related to the orientation towards meeting the needs of local residents. At the same time, the core of the economic basis of local self-government is the system of objects of the municipal economy - movable and immovable property, revenues of local budgets, extra-budgetary targeted (including currency) and other funds, land, natural resources that are communally owned by territorial communities.

Also, the article emphasizes that the russian armed aggression in Ukraine, unleashed on February 24, 2022, led to colossal losses for the state's economy. As a result of hostilities, businesses and budgets of all levels are not receiving millions of hryvnias in revenue. In this regard, it is stated that it is extremely important to provide communities with more effective tools for filling the budget, one of which is the involvement of local self-government bodies in the administration of local taxes, which will contribute, subject to the implementation of relevant legislative initiatives, to the growth of tax revenues to local budgets at least for several hundred million hryvnias per year.In addition, the article focuses on the fact that the full-scale war launched by the Russian Federation significantly affected the development priorities of territorial communities in Ukraine, moving them from the plane of ensuring sustainable and effective economic development to the plane of guaranteeing security for its residents and economic "survival" . However, after the end of the active phase of the war, the authorities will face a difficult challenge regarding the rapid and effective reconstruction of the country, the recovery of the economy, and the continuation of the municipal reform that began in 2014. It was concluded that a very important and difficult task of the state and local authorities today, in the conditions of martial law, is to overcome the consequences of the Russian armed invasion, restore the destroyed industrial and other infrastructure, skillfully organize the work of the local economy and the communal sector of the economy on the basis of proper organizational, legal and material and financial support.
Endophytic Fungal Diversity of Cedrela angustifolia in an Environmental Gradient of Jujuy, Argentina
Authors: Giulianotti Cecilia Gabriela , Bejarano Noemí del Valle
Published: March 2023

Fungal endophytes are a diverse group of microorganisms that colonize plant tissues without causing symptoms or signs. Foliar endophytic fungi were isolated from a tree species distributed in an environmental gradient. Three study sites were selected: urban, peri-urban and rural. Twenty-three taxa were identified using culture-based techniques. The taxa with the highest colonization frequency were: Alternaría, Diaporthe - Phomopsis, Phymatotrichum, Cladosporium and Xylaria. Foliar endophytic fungal diversity was higher in the rural site followed by the peri-urban and urban site.
The Paradox and Rotation of Educational thought: From Modern Pedagogy to Post-human Pedagogy
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Choi Seung-hyun , Seo Beom Jong
Published: March 2023

This study looked at the whole range of educational ideas from modern pedagogy to post-human educational research. To this end, the paradoxes of modern education, post-modern education, and post-human education research were reviewed. First of all, Kant, a non-join of modern pedagogy, shows a paradox in the discussion of the relationship between enlightenment and education. Enlightenment is a self-immature escape, but education, the only means to do this, starts with children, and they need the guidance of others. In particular, it left room for emotional display between civic and moral education during the stage of education. This is the nourishment of postmodern pedagogy, which emerged as a criticism of modern education. Postmodernism is a discourse that has emerged as a reminder of the importance of sensibility in the fields of art, architecture, etc., and Postmodern pedagogy accepts it normatively. To this end, this study looked at the discussion of the re-construction of educational publicness in the Japanese pedagogy community. The spirit of enlightenment requested in this discussion shows the paradox of postmodern pedagogy, which began with the attention of emotion. Post-human education research, which has recently gained attention, confirms the normality of human beings who establish moral and logical laws on their own above the achievements of post-modern pedagogy and asks for education for a better human society. Post-human education research also emphasizes the importance of sensibility from the stage of establishing the concept, but also demonstrates the paradox that rational human images cannot be abandoned.
Development and Validation of a Parental burnout Scale for Parents of Adult with Developmental Disabilities
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Hwang Miyeon , Lee Jeeyon
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a parental burnout scale for parents of adults with developmental disabilities. This study selected the psychometric properties and preliminary questions of the parental burnout based on the analysis of interview data from parents of adults with developmental disabilities and reviewing of existing literature. Then, preliminary scale was developed after expert’s evaluation of the contents validity and conducted an exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. As a result of the analysis, 20 items consisting of five sub-factors were confirmed as the final question. To secure validity of the developed scale, the convergent and discriminant validity and the reference validity of the scale was examined and confirmed the adequacy of the scale to measure parental burnout of parents of adults with developmental disabilities. Finally, the limitations of the study and suggestions for follow-up studies were discussed.
Changes in Perceptions of the Teaching and Learning Culture of a General High School after the School Autonomy Policy
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Son Keehyang , Kim Misook
Published: March 2023

Along with the implementation of the government's school autonomy policy, we wanted to investigate to what extent teacher led lectures and test-solving classes would be changed into learner centered or student activity-oriented class in a general high school(Sky high school), using qualitative research method. In the Sky high school, the principal waited for teachers to change their teaching methods, rather than demanding changes and supported teachers who tried to change teaching method. There were teacher learning communities and teacher training led by a head teacher in the Sky high school. The student activity-oriented class as an “emergent culture,” were conducted by individual teachers. Students who were in higher grade and higher achieved were less likely to be positive to activity-oriented classes since such classes were seen as less effective in preparation for college entrance. School autonomy in the Sky high school has led not to force or not to interfere, not to say hateful things each other, and not to stand out. Not to stand out has been kept by the effect of the uniform egalitarian teacher culture as residual culture and to avoid anxiety of status and identity of teachers who have conducted teacher led lectures and test-solving classes.
A study on decoupling in the process of recruitment and role performance of university international academics: Focusing on the role of institutional entrepreneurs
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Song Inyoung , Byun Kiyong
Published: March 2023

This study has been conducted to examine the decoupling patterns and causes of universities in the process of hiring international academics and performing their roles. To address this questions, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 international, Korean academics and staffs working at research-oriented universities, teaching-oriented universities, and universities that focus on both teaching and research. As a result of the analysis, the pattern of decoupling was different depending on the mission of the university. In research-oriented universities, 1) emphasis on the symbolic role of the internationalization, 2) alienation in the decision-making process, and 3) preference for international academics for window dressing have appeared. On the other hand, in teaching-oriented universities, 1) preference for international academics in contract positions to meet the full-time academics’ retention rate, and 2) cost-saving recruitment that did not consider actual role performance in the face of financial difficulties have been observed. In the case of universities that focus on both teaching and research, 1) the quantitative emphasis on research performance and 2) the visibility of international academics were emphasized, showing the similar decoupling pattern to research-oriented universities.
Through the analysis, factors that promote and reduce the expression of decoupling have been found. The promoters were 1) the global university rankings which are used as a mean to change the fixed higher education hierarchy, 2) government university evaluation indicators and 3) the need to manage the attraction of international students. On the other hand, factors that suppress the development of decoupling are 1) strong institutional entrepreneurs, 2) the governance of a new organization that does not have a fixed hierarchical relationship, 3) securing a critical mass that international academics can normally perform, and 4) a long-term leadership.
La nueva dimensión de la intermediación laboral
Authors: Cabeza Pereiro Jaime
Published: March 2023

La inminente aprobación de la Ley de Empleo va a producir un importante cambio en las políticas de entrada en el mercado de trabajo. Uno de los asuntos sobre los que las modificaciones tendrán más relevancia es en relación con el concepto de intermediación laboral. Tradicionalmente se ha restringido a la puesta en conexión de las ofertas y demandas de empleo, pero ya hace unos años se ha incluido en su ámbito la actividad de recolocación de personas trabajadoras que hayan sido objeto de despidos colectivos. Ahora, la nueva Ley también considera dentro de la intermediación la actividad de selección, que tradicionalmente había quedado fuera por unos motivos que han perdido entidad hace ya bastantes años. En cuanto a la actividad de recolocación, la reforma no es muy innovadora, pero abre la posibilidad de que se desarrolle en situaciones no extintivas, como en caso de suspensión del contrato o reducción de jornada, especialmente de ERTE RED. Otras actividades accesorias asimismo se integran, en particular ciertos servicios de apoyo que permiten que quienes sean demandantes de empleo puedan seguir adecuadamente las iniciativas de selección, colocación y recolocación en las que se involucren. Acerca de todo este haz de reformas se vierte un comentario valorativo crítico, que, pese a algunas objeciones, es positivo en términos generales.
Progresión del pensamiento histórico en estudiantes de secundaria: fuentes y pensamiento crítico
Authors: Rivero Gracia Pilar , Aso Morán Borja , García-Ceballos Silvia
Published: March 2023

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar un metaconcepto del pensamiento histórico –las pruebas/fuentes históricas, su fiabilidad y método científico de análisis– en estudiantes de secundaria y bachillerato de tres centros educativos de Zaragoza (España), y comparar los resultados de ambas etapas para comprobar si existen niveles de progresión en educación histórica. La muestra estuvo compuesta de 231 estudiantes; en la investigación se utilizaron métodos descriptivo-cualitativos y el análisis de contenido como técnica analítica de información, y como instrumento de recogida de datos un cuestionario ad hoc. Los resultados sugieren que existen diferentes niveles de conocimiento y comprensión y pensamiento histórico-crítico, pero limitados y próximos entre sí. El análisis de los datos indica que la educación histórica se encuentra en estado incipiente en la implementación de procesos de pensamiento histórico, necesarios en la educación del siglo XXI.
Indocyanine Green Fluorescence for Liver Assessment and Imaging-Guided Resection of Colorectal Metastases: A Case Report
Authors: Arabadzhieva E. , Bonev S. , Bulanov D. , Simonova L. , Zhivkov E. , Korukov G. , Shavalov Zh. , Velizarova M. , Svinarov D. , Yonkov A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Liver resection is widely accepted as a treatment option for primary liver cancer and metastases. The goal of surgery is to resect all tumours with negative histological margins while preserving sufficient functional hepatic parenchyma and reducing postoperative complications. The use of Indocyanine green (ICG) for liver function assessment and fluorescence image-guided surgery could be used to achieve that goal.

Clinical Case Description

We present the case of a 62-year-old female patient with diagnosed sigmoid colon cancer with four bilobar liver metastases who underwent a simultaneous sigmoid resection and ICG fluorescence image-guided liver resection 3 days after preoperative ICG liver function assessment. We decided to perform liver-sparing resection having in mind the liver metastases’ number, size and location and the slightly impaired liver function (ICG retention rate 15 – ICGR15 was 14,02%). All liver tumours were removed without complications, and the resected margins were all microscopically free of tumour tissue (R0 resection). The postoperative period was uneventful, without any signs of postoperative liver failure.

Conclusions

ICGR15 can be considered a safe and informative marker for liver function and indirectly for the degree of portal hypertension. ICG fluorescence provides an additional method to assist intra-operative tumour identification. The best timing of injection requires further study.
A New Case of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic B-Cell Leukemia from Pristina
Authors: Graiqevci-Uka V. , Behluli E. , Spahiu L. , Liehr T. , Temaj G.
Published: March 2023

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disease caused by mutations in B- or T-cell precursors of bone marrow cells. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a subtype of pediatric cancer with a 1 in 2000 incidence. Here we present a new childhood ALL in a 3-year-old girl. As CD45/19, CD10/19, CD3, CD8, CD10, and CD19 were positive in immunohistochemically analyses of blast cells, a B-ALL was diagnosed with a causative ETV6-RUNX1 gene fusion. The patient was treated based on standard protocols BMF-ALL 2009. Interestingly, an aunt and a grandfather of the patient had experienced malignancies as well, which may be carefully interpreted as a hint on a familial cancer syndrome.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PEMBELAJARAN TATAP MUKA TERBATAS (PTMT) DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Amalia Risya , Satispi Evi , Gusman Diaz Tarakarti , Holiseh Holiseh
Published: March 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 sangat berdampak pada seluruh aspek. Tingkat penyebaran dan tingginya angka kasus positif memaksa seluruh manusia untuk beradaptasi dan mengalami perubahan situasi kondisi demi mencegah terjadinya penyebaran virus covid-19. Dimulai dari diadakannya pembelajaran jarak jauh yang pada akhirnya menimbulkan beberapa dampak negatif. Sehingga pemerintah mempertimbangkan untuk melaksanakan kebijakan baru yaitu pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas. Pembelajaran tatap muka merupakan sebuah alternatif yang diberikan oleh pemerintah untuk mencegahnya turunan capai belajar (learning loss) yang diakibatkan adanya pembelajaran jarak jauh karena adanya pandemi covid-19.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi pembelajaran tatap muka di masa pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan dengan mencari beberapa referensi melalui jurnal, buku dan web mengenai informasi terkait implementasi pembelajaran tatap muka ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Edward III yang memiliki beberapa indikator diantaranya, Komunikasi, Sumber Daya, Disposisi, dan Struktur Birokrasi. Hasil penelitian pun menunjukkan bahwa dalam implementasi kebijakan pertemuan tatap muka ini sudah berjalan dengan baik. Dilihat dari indikator komunikasi pun dalam sosialisasi sudah berjalan dengan baik. Dilihat dari aspek sumber daya pun sudah dapat berjalan dengan maksimal, karena dimulai dari tenaga pendidik pun sudah banyak yang melakukan vaksinasi. Dalam aspek disposisi pun sudah adanya dukungan yang optimal dimulai dari pembuat kebijakan, dinas kependidikan, satuan pendidikan, para tenaga pendidik serta para orang tua yang juga berperan andil dalam mendukung berjalannya kebijakan pertemuan tatap muka. Terakhir dalam struktur birokrasi pun dalam sistem birokrasinya sudah sangat mendukung dalam kebijakan pertemuan tatap muka ini supaya terciptanya peserta didik yang cerdas dan tidak ada lagi yang mengalami hilangnya capaian belajar (learning loss). Kata kunci: implementasi; PTM; kebijakan publik; pendidikan; covid-19
ДМИТРО-ЯРОСЛАВ ВІТОВСЬКИЙ (1919 - 1947) І ЙОГО РОЛЬ У БОРОТЬБІ ПРОТИ РАДЯНСЬКОЇ ВЛАДИ
Authors: АДАМОВИЧ Сергій
Published: March 2023

Мета дослідження. Автор у статті на основі архівних та мемуарних матеріалів і наукових досліджень опрацював малодосліджену біографію відомого військового діяча Дмитра-Ярослава Вітовського і проаналізував його роль та місце у діяльності Української повстанської армії (УПА) у 1943 - 1946 рр. Крім того, у статті широко висвітлено історію першого Словацького походу УПА в 1945 р. Методологія дослідження спирається на принципи історизму, системності, верифікації, об’єктивності, а також на використання загальнонаукових (аналіз, синтез, узагальнення) та спеціально- історичних (історико-генетичний, історико-типологічний, історико-системний) методів. Наукова новизна полягає у тому, що постать Дмитра-Ярослава Вітовського, який займав чільні посади в УПА (керівник Військово-польової жандармерії, командир рейдуючих частин УПА в Словаччині в 1945 р. та тактичного відтинку “Маківка”) залишається слабко дослідженою і єдиним значним джерелом до сьогодні залишаються не верифіковані матеріали кримінальної справи радянської спецслужби. Висновки. Феномен постаті Дмитра-Ярослава Вітовського розкривається уже в тому, що, незважаючи на виховання у сім’ї польського офіцера та навчання в радянській авіаційній школі, він під впливом Пласту, Організації Українських націоналістів (ОУН) та за допомоги митрополита Андрея Шептицького сформувався як українській патріот і значною мірою доклався до створення і функціонування УПА. Разом з УПА діяч ефективно проявив себе на різних ділянках життєдіяльності армії: брав участь у формуванні української офіцерської еліти в старшинській школі УПА “Олені”, забезпечував збереження дисциплінованості повстанських формувань на посаді керівника Військово-польової жандармерії, організував перший пропагандистський рейд у Словаччину та керував підрозділами Тактичного відтинку-24 “Маківка”. Невдалі спроби закінчити життя самогубством під час затримання у березні 1946 р. та у в’язничній лікарні, матеріали кримінальної справи і сам судовий вирок радянської карально- репресивної системи (розстріл) - схиляють до думки, що Дмитро-Ярослав Вітовський залишився вірним українській національній ідеї і спростовують поширювані радянськими спецслужбами версії про його зраду повстанців.
СТАНОВИЩЕ ОСВІТИ В УМОВАХ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ОКУПАЦІЇ СХІДНОЇ ГАЛИЧИНИ ТА ПІВНІЧНОЇ БУКОВИНИ (1914 – 1917 рр.)
Authors: ЗУЛЯК Іван , КОВБАСА Василь
Published: March 2023

Мета дослідження – полягає в аналізі та характеристиці принципів формування й організації освітньої політики російської окупаційної влади у Східній Галичині та Північній Буковині під час Першої світової війни. Методологія дослідження базується на загальних засадах історичного пізнання, що ґрунтується на принципах історизму, системності, науковості, верифікації, авторської об’єктивності, опори на історичні джерела. У процесі дослідження використано як загальнонаукові (аналіз, синтез, узагальнення, метод аналогій), так і спеціально-історичні (історіографічний, історико-генетичний, історичної періодизації, ретроспективний) методи. Наукова новизна полягає у характеристиці процесу становлення та розкритті загальних тенденцій впровадження російської освітньої системи на окупованих територіях  окресленого періоду. Через визначення основних складових організації політики російської влади у сфері освіти введено до  ширшого історіографічного контексту наукові публікації і архівні документи, які доповнюють історичні знання з окресленої проблематики. Висновки. Докладно показано, що питання освіти було однією зі складових частин русифікації та боротьби російської влади проти українського національного руху. Визначено, що наявність офіційної української школи в Австро-Угорській імперії ускладнювала боротьбу із “українським сепаратизмом” в Російській імперії. Російська окупація дала б змогу знищити ядро ворожого для Росії українського національного руху та утвердити російську національну ідентичність на захоплених землях. З’ясовано, що використання питання освіти для зміцнення російської окупаційної влади у Східній Галичині та Північній Буковині упродовж 1914 – 1917 рр. призвело здебільшого до результатів, протилежних очікуваним. Політизованість та непродумані дії російських чиновників, а також переслідування місцевої інтелектуальної еліти, не тільки не збільшили кількість прихильників Росії, але й серйозно її дискредитували
ЗАКОНОДАВЧЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ РСР (1990 – 1991): ЗАГАЛЬНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ, ПРАКТИЧНІ РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ
Authors: ЛУК’ЯНЧЕНКО Світлана , ЗВОНКО Ірина
Published: March 2023

Стаття присвячена аналізу соціально-економічних процесів в Українській Радянській Соціалістичній Республіці крізь призму діяльності Верховної Ради Української РСР на заключному етапі існування Союзу Радянських Соціалістичних Республік (СРСР). Мета статті – проаналізувати законодавче регулювання процесів в економічній сфері в Українській РСР на тлі масштабної соціально-економічної кризи, яка охопила всі галузі промисловості та сільського господарства. Методологія дослідження комплексу проблем, пов’язаних із законодавчою діяльністю Верховної Ради Української РСР упродовж досліджуваного періоду детермінована загальнонауковими (компаративний, діалектичний, структурно-функціональний та ін.) та спеціально-історичними ((історико-генетичний, історико-порівняльний, історико-типологічний, історико-системний та ін.) методами. Підготовка розвідки видається неможливою без використання принципів історизму, послідовності, наукового плюралізму, об’єктивності, системності та всебічності. Наукова новизна статті полягає у постановці проблеми, яка раніше не була предметом спеціального наукового дослідження: в історичній ретроспективі розглянуто заходи центральних органів влади, насамперед Верховної Ради Української РСР, спрямовані на боротьбу із «негативними явищами» в соціально-економічній сфері Української РСР; проаналізовано базові законодавчі акти, покликані подолати кризу в базових галузях економіки, та показано їх ефективність / неефективність. Висновки. На завершальному етапі політики гласності, демократизації, перебудови в Українській РСР, у країні продовжувалася масштабна соціально-економічна криза, викликана насамперед недосконалою командно-адміністративною системою управління економікою. В умовах політичного плюралізму та багатопартійності Компартія України (КПУ), яка у 1990 – 1991 рр. сформувала більшість у Верховній Раді Української РСР, безуспішно намагалася поліпшити ситуацію в агропромисловому секторі країни, підвищити життєвий рівень населення шляхом запровадження елементів ринкової економіки, що, однак, не принесло очікуваних результатів  і натомість викликало шквал критики у населення, радикалізувало суспільні настрої.
НОВЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ДО ІСТОРІЇ СУСПІЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНОГО ЖИТТЯ ЗАХІДНОЇ УКРАЇНИ (Рецензія на монографію: Баран В. К., Сорока Ю. М., Токарський В. В. Сталінські репресії на західних землях України в 1939 – 1953 рр. Львів: Інститут українознавства ім. І. Крип’якевича НАН України, 2022. 296 с.)
Authors: ЧУМАК Станіслав
Published: March 2023

Рецензія на монографію: Баран В. К., Сорока Ю. М., Токарський В. В. Сталінські репресії на західних землях України в 1939 – 1953 рр. Львів: Інститут українознавства ім. І. Крип’якевича НАН України, 2022. 296 с.