bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast proliferating and slowly migrating non‐small cell lung cancer cells are vulnerable to decitabine and retinoic acid combinatorial treatment
Authors: Pelos Giulia , Riester Marisa , Pal Jagriti , Myacheva Ksenia , Moneke Isabelle , Rotondo John Charles , Lübbert Michael , Diederichs Sven
Published: November 2023

Non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are often elderly or unfit and thus cannot tolerate standard aggressive therapy regimes. In our study, we test the efficacy of the DNA‐hypomethylating agent decitabine (DAC) in combination with all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which has been shown to possess little systemic adverse effects. Screening a broad panel of 56 NSCLC cell lines uncovered a decrease in cell viability after the combination treatment in 77% of the cell lines. Transcriptomics, proteomics, proliferation and migration profiling revealed that fast proliferating and slowly migrating cell lines were more sensitive to the drug combination. The comparison of mutational profiles found oncogenic KRAS mutations only in sensitive cells. Additionally, different cell lines showed a heterogeneous gene expression response to the treatment pointing to diverse mechanisms of action. Silencing KRAS, RIG‐I or RARB partially reversed the sensitivity of KRAS‐mutant NCI‐H460 cells. To study resistance, we generated two NCI‐H460 cell populations resistant to ATRA and DAC, which migrated faster and proliferated slower than the parental sensitive cells and showed signs of senescence. In summary, this comprehensive dataset uncovers a broad sensitivity of NSCLC cells to the combinatorial treatment with DAC and ATRA and indicates that migration and proliferation capacities correlate with and could thus serve as determinants for drug sensitivity in NSCLC.
Isthmocele abscess: A rare case report
Authors: Warrier Hema , Warrier Anjana R.
Published: November 2023

Synopsis

A rare case report of an isthmocele abscess—its presentation, diagnosis and clinical management is discussed.
Risk of thrombocytopenia in neonates of thrombocytopenic mothers
Authors: Houri Ohad , Sigal Sharon , Houri Oz , Brzezinski‐Sinai Noa A. , Gomez Tolub Rachel , Berezowsky Alexandra , Danieli Gruber Shir , Hadar Eran
Published: November 2023

Objective

Maternal thrombocytopenia during pregnancy may occur due to several possible etiologies, with potential neonatal impact. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is a correlation between maternal and neonatal platelet count among women with thrombocytopenia during pregnancy.

Methods

A cross‐sectional retrospective study (2012–2019) was conducted at a tertiary medical center. Complete blood count was routinely measured in all patients on admission to the delivery ward. Thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count below 150 K/μL. Clinical and outcome parameters of thrombocytopenic mothers and their newborns were collected from the electronic files and analyzed by severity of maternal thrombocytopenia.

Results

Of 45 385 women with a documented platelet count at admission, 2841 (6.24%) had thrombocytopenia: 2623 (5.7%) mild (100–149 K/μL), 207 (0.45%) moderate (50–99 K/μL), and 11 (0.02%) severe (<50 K/μL). Eight newborns had thrombocytopenia; corresponding rates by severity of maternal thrombocytopenia were 0.11%, 1.43%, and 18.18% (P = 0.04). None of the thrombocytopenic neonates had an intraventricular hemorrhage or other bleeding complications. The correlation between maternal and neonatal platelet counts was weak (Pearson r = 0.038; P = 0.046).

Conclusion

We suggest that although the chances of neonatal thrombocytopenia are higher with worsening maternal thrombocytopenia, actual occurrence is rare, and the correlation is poor. Therefore, maternal thrombocytopenia cannot be regarded as a significant risk factor for neonatal thrombocytopenia. Neonatal platelet count should be obtained when maternal thrombocytopenia is autoimmune or less than 100 K/μL.
Operation and maintenance strategy of radio transmission equipment based on big data
Authors: Zhao Zhigang , Wang Lanzhong
Published: November 2023

In recent years, the operation and maintenance of radio transmission equipment have faced challenges such as equipment aging, high maintenance costs, long response time, and technological updates. It is necessary to adapt to new technologies and improve maintenance efficiency. The operation and maintenance strategy of radio transmitting equipment based on big data (BD) aims to optimize the reliability and operating efficiency of equipment through data analysis and intelligent algorithms, and reduce failure risk and maintenance costs. By analyzing the operation data and maintenance records of a large number of radio transmission equipment, it revealed the patterns and trends of equipment failures, in order to timely identify and predict possible faults, and take corresponding maintenance measures. This article adopted methods such as data collection and preprocessing, fault prediction and diagnosis, and maintenance optimization to achieve accurate monitoring of equipment operation status, fault prediction and diagnosis, optimized maintenance, and decision support. This can improve the operational efficiency and reliability of radio transmission equipment, which is used for fault diagnosis of radio transmission equipment through SVM (Support Vector Machine) algorithms. By training SVM classifiers, this article associated different types of faults with their feature data, thereby quickly and accurately determining the type of equipment fault based on real‐time collected device data, providing a basis for maintenance decision‐making. The experimental results show that the failure frequency of the radio transmitting equipment in the control group was between 7% and 11%, while the failure frequency of the radio transmitting equipment in the experimental group was between 3% and 7%. Experiments show that BD technology can effectively reduce the failure frequency of radio transmitting equipment. The empirical results indicate that this strategy can improve the reliability of equipment and reduce operation and maintenance costs, which has important guiding significance for the operation and maintenance management of radio equipment. This would bring about more efficient and reliable operation and maintenance management of radio equipment, making important contributions to the smooth progress of broadcasting business and the improvement of user experience.
Consumer acceptance of genetically engineered potatoes: The role of information and agreement
Authors: Lacy Katherine , McFadden Jonathan
Published: November 2023

Many foods cooked at high temperatures produce acrylamide, a probable carcinogen, and neurotoxin. We evaluate how consumers' purchase intentions for potato products and subjective knowledge about conventional foods, genetically engineered (G.E.) foods, and acrylamide respond to information treatments. Information and prior purchases positively influence intentions to purchase potatoes but negatively influence purchase intentions for potato chips and French fries. Value‐of‐information calculations suggest industry‐focused and private‐company perspectives are worth $0.01‐$0.02/person per month. Our results have practical implications for food system actors seeking to better understand the broader determinants of consumer acceptance behaviors as they relate to G.E. foods that reduce health concerns.
Sprayable self‐assembly multifunctional bioactive poly(ferulic acid) hydrogel for rapid MRSA infected wound repair
Authors: Li Sihua , Ma Junping , Li Juntang , Qu Xiaoyan , Lei Bo
Published: November 2023

The repair of methicillin‐resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected wounds remains a serious challenge. Development of multifunctional bioactive hydrogels has shown promising potential in treating MRSA wound. Ferulic acid has special bioactivities including antioxidant antiinflammation antibacterial capacities but limited in lack of engineering strategy for efficient treatment of MRSA infected wound. Herein, we developed a multifunctional bioactive poly(ferulic acid) copolymer (FPFA) for treating MRSA infected wound. FPFA could be self‐assembled into hydrogel under body temperature and demonstrated the injectable, sprayable, self‐healing, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and angiogenic activity. FPFA hydrogel also showed the good cytocompatibility, efficiently enhanced the endothelial cell migration, scavenged intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors and enhanced the in vitro angiogenesis. The MRSA‐infected wound model showed that FPFA could significantly inhibit the MRSA infection and excess inflammation, reinforce the angiogenesis, accelerate wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.
Patient‐Reported Decisional Regret After Operative Otolaryngology Procedures: A Scoping Review
Authors: Liu Alice Q. , McNeely Brendan D. , Prisman Eitan , Hu Amanda
Published: November 2023

Objective

To review the published literature on decisional regret in adult patients undergoing operative otolaryngology procedures. The primary outcome was decisional regret scale (DRS) scores. DRS scores of 0 indicate no regret, 1–25 mild regret, and >25 moderate to strong/severe regret.

Data Sources

A comprehensive librarian‐designed strategy was used to search MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL from inception to September 2023.

Review Methods

Inclusion criteria consisted of English‐language studies of adult patients who underwent operative otolaryngology treatments and reported DRS scores. Data was extracted by two independent reviewers. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR) guidelines were followed. Oxford Centre's Levels of Evidence were used for quality assessment.

Results

In total, 6306 studies were screened by two independent reviewers; 13 studies were included after full‐text analysis. Subspecialties comprised: Head and neck (10), endocrine (1), general (1), and rhinology (1). The DRS results of the included studies spanned a mean range of 10.1–23.9 or a median range of 0–20.0. There was a trend toward more decisional regret after large head and neck procedures or when patients underwent multiple treatment modalities. Depression, anxiety, and patient‐reported quality of life measures were all correlated with decisional regret. Oxford Centre's Levels of Evidence ranged from 2 to 4.

Conclusion

This is the first comprehensive review of decisional regret in otolaryngology. The majority of patients had no or mild (DRS <25) decisional regret after otolaryngology treatments. Future research on pre‐operative counseling and shared decision‐making to further minimize patient decisional regret is warranted.

Level of Evidence

N/A Laryngoscope, 134:2562–2567, 2024
A novel method to sample individual marine snow particles for downstream molecular analyses
Authors: Baumas Chloé M.J. , Ababou Fatima‐Ezzahra , Garel Marc , Bizic Mina , Ionescu Danny , Puzenat Arthur , Le Moigne Frederic A.C. , Grossart Hans‐Peter , Tamburini Christian
Published: November 2023

The ocean–atmosphere exchange of carbon largely depends on the balance between carbon export of particulate organic carbon (POC) as sinking marine particles, and POC remineralization by attached microbial communities. Despite the vast spectrum of types, sources, ages, shapes, and composition of individual sinking particles, they are usually considered as a bulk together with their associated microbial communities. This limits our mechanistic understanding of the biological carbon pump (BCP) and its feedback on the global carbon cycle. We established a method to sample individual particles while preserving their shape, structure, and nucleic acids by placing a jellified RNA‐fixative at the bottom of drifting sediment traps. Coupling imaging of individual particles with associated 16S rRNA analysis reveals that active bacterial communities are highly heterogenous from one particles origin to another. In contrast to lab‐made particles, we found that complex in situ conditions lead to heterogeneity even within the same particle type. Our new method allows to associate patterns of active prokaryotic and functional diversity to particle features, enabling the detection of potential remineralization niches. This new approach will therefore improve our understanding of the BCP and numerical representation in the context of a rapidly changing ocean.
Influence of nitrogen content on the pit formation and pit propagation in the welded joints of X5CrNi18‐10 stainless steel
Authors: Radojković Bojana , Jegdić Bore , Pejić Jovanka , Marunkić Dunja , Simović Anđela , Eraković Pantović Sanja
Published: November 2023

The influence of welding current and nitrogen content in argon shielding gas on the resistance of the welded joint (weld metal and heat‐affected zone [HAZ]) of the stainless steel X5CrNi18‐10 to the formation and growth of pits was investigated. Also, the susceptibility of the welded joint to intergranular corrosion was examined. Pitting corrosion resistance indicators were determined based on anodic potentiodynamic polarization measurements in NaCl + Na2SO4 solution, while susceptibility to intergranular corrosion was determined by the potentiokinetic method with a double loop (DL EPR). SEM/EDS was used to analyze the microstructure. It has been shown that higher nitrogen content in shielding gas leads to an increase in the resistance of welded joints (weld metal and HAZ) to the pit formation. However, an improvement in the resistance to the pit formation leads to a decline in the resistance of the welded joint to pit growth. An explanation of this phenomenon is proposed. Also, it was shown that the increase of the welding current increases the susceptibility of the welded joint to intergranular corrosion, while the higher nitrogen content has no effect.
An inflammatory gene‐related prognostic risk score model for prognosis and immune infiltration in glioblastoma
Authors: Cheng Meixiong , Liu Ling , Zeng Yi , Li Zhili , Zhang Tian , Xu Ruxiang , Wang Qi , Wu Yaqiu
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to screen for key genes related to the prognosis of patients with glioblastoma (GBM). First, bioinformatics analysis was performed based on databases such as TCGA and MSigDB. Inflammatory‐related genes were obtained from the MSigDB database. The TCGA‐tumor samples were divided into cluster A and B groups based on consensus clustering. Multivariate Cox regression was applied to construct the risk score model of inflammatory‐related genes based on the TCGA database. Second, to understand the effects of model characteristic genes on GBM cells, U‐87 MG cells were used for knockdown experiments, which are important means for studying gene function. PLAUR is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker for patients with glioma. Therefore, the model characteristic gene PLAUR was selected for knockdown experiments. The prognosis of cluster A was significantly better than that of cluster B. The verification results also demonstrate that the risk score could predict overall survival. Although the immune cells in cluster B and high‐risk groups increased, no matching survival advantage was observed. It may be that stromal activation inhibits the antitumor effect of immune cells. PLAUR knockdown inhibits tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted tumor cell apoptosis. In conclusion, a prognostic prediction model for GBM composed of inflammatory‐related genes was successfully constructed. Increased immune cell expression may be linked to a poor prognosis for GBM, as stromal activation decreased the antitumor activity of immune cells in cluster B and high‐risk groups. PLAUR may play an important role in tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis.
A case of congenital cataracts with hypotrichosis caused by compound heterozygous variants in the LSS gene
Authors: Tan Yu , Tian Huan , Mai Jingqun , Wang He , Yang Mei , Liu Shanling
Published: November 2023

Background

Patients with biallelic variants in the lanosterol synthase (LSS) gene has been reported to exhibit phenotypes as follows: non‐syndromic form of hypotrichosis, congenital cataracts, and alopecia with intellectual disability or growth retardation. However, genotype–phenotype correlations in the LSS gene are still not completely clear.

Methods

In this study, we reported a Chinese girl who had congenital cataracts with hypotrichosis. The trio exome sequencing was performed to elucidate the genetic cause of the patient.

Results

We identified compound heterozygous variants (c.296G>A, p.G99D and c.1025T>G, p.I342S) in the LSS gene. Both variants altered the amino acid coding at highly conserved amino acid residues and were predicted to be deleterious using prediction software.

Conclusion

Our report expands the spectrum of variants in the LSS gene and will be helpful for genotype–phenotype correlations study.
The importance of providing dietary fiber in medical and surgical critical care
Authors: McClave Stephen A. , Omer Endashaw , Eisa Mohamed , Klosterbauer Abby , Lowen Cynthia C. , Martindale Robert G.
Published: November 2023

The early provision of soluble/insoluble fiber to the patient who is critically ill has been controversial in the past. Especially in the setting of hemodynamic instability, dysmotility, or impaired gastrointestinal transit, fear of inspissation of formula with precipitation of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI)/nonocclusive bowel necrosis (NOBN) limited its utilization by medical and surgical intensivists. The incidence of NOMI/NOBN has been estimated at 0.2%–0.3% for all intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving enteral nutrition (EN), and the occurrence of inspissated formula is even less. The science supporting a benefit from providing fiber has recently increased exponentially. The fermentation of soluble fibers leading to the production of short chain fatty acids supports gut barrier function, modulates immune responses, and promotes refaunation of commensal organisms. The “butyrate effect” refers to local (gastrointestinal tract) and systemic anti‐inflammatory responses mediated by the M2 polarization of macrophages, inhibition of histone deacetylase, and stimulation of ubiquitous G protein receptors. Both soluble and insoluble fiber have been shown to promote intestinal motility, reduce feeding intolerance, and shorten hospital length of stay. The benefit of providing dietary fiber early upon admission to the ICU outweighs its minimal associated risk. The point at which the intensivist determines that is safe to initiate EN, both soluble and insoluble fiber should be included in the enteral formulation.
Trends in the multiple prescriptions of hypnotic drugs in a university outpatient in Japan
Authors: Kato Takao , Kotorii Nozomu , Ozone Motohiro , Murotani Kenta , Ohshima Hayato , Mori Hiroyuki , Wasano Kenjirou , Hiejima Hiroshi , Habukawa Mitsunari , Uchimura Naohisa
Published: November 2023

Aims

In Japan, the daily dosage of hypnotic drugs for insomnia treatment is increasing year by year, and over‐dependence on treatment with hypnotic drugs is a major problem. This study aimed to examine the factors related to the elimination of prescriptions of three or more hypnotic drugs within 1 year in our clinic.

Methods

We conducted two surveys. Survey ① assessed the frequency of prescriptions of three or more hypnotic drugs by retrospectively reviewing the medical records of all patients who visited general and psychiatric outpatient clinics from January 2013 to March 2019. Survey ② assessed changes in prescriptions of hypnotic and psychotropic drugs within the subsequent year by retrospectively reviewing the medical records of all patients prescribed three or more hypnotic drugs who visited neuropsychiatric outpatient clinics multiple times between April 2013 and March 2019.

Results

The frequency of prescribing three or more hypnotic drugs was six to nine times higher in psychiatry than in other departments. Flunitrazepam and brotizolam were the most common drugs prescribed and had the second lowest discontinuation rate after zolpidem. Conversely, eszopiclone, zopiclone, and suvorexant had the highest discontinuation rates. The success factors for drug reduction were age (odds ratio [OR]: 0.97, p < 0.0037), trazodone addition (OR: 12.86, p < 0.0194) and number of years of psychiatric experience.

Conclusions

The characteristics and success factors in relation to drug reduction in patients with multiple prescriptions of hypnotic drugs identified in this study may contribute to solving the problem of multiple prescriptions of hypnotic drugs.
Thermostable ZnO/Ag@SiO2 nanohybrid material for extraordinary antibacterial activity polyester fibers
Authors: Zheng Shenyi , Chen Wei , Shi Chen , Han Jian
Published: November 2023

Melt blending is considered a significant method to develop antibacterial textile materials. However, it is still challenging to the homogeneous dispersion and efficient antibacterial activity of inorganic nanoparticles in polymer fibers. In this work, ZnO/Ag@SiO2 inorganic nanohybrid antibacterial agents were prepared by the direct precipitation method. The prepared antibacterial material had efficient antibacterial and thermal stability properties. Specifically, the decomposition temperature of the ZnO/Ag@SiO2 was higher than 400°C, which was appropriate for melting polymers at high temperatures. Here, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was used as a fiber matrix, and PET/ZnO/Ag@SiO2 fibers were prepared by melt spinning technology. The results showed that the antibacterial material was well dispersed in the PET matrix, and the crystallization was promoted during the cooling process. The modified PET fibers presented better antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), with a maximum antibacterial rate of 99.9%. Additionally, the modified PET fibers provide superior laundering durability, with an antibacterial rate of 95.7% for S. aureus and 94.8% for E. coli after 50 washes. This work offers a novel approach to preparing thermotolerant and efficient antibacterial agents and antibacterial‐modified PET fibers.

Highlights

ZnO/Ag@SiO2 nanohybrid antibacterial agents were prepared.

High temperature resistant and highly antibacterial material.

The particles dispersed uniformly in PET matrix.

Excellent antibacterial and laundering properties of the fiber
Synthesis of an alternating copolymer of the dense 1,2,3‐triazole backbone carrying t‐butyl ester and nitrile side chains
Authors: Xu Linlin , Nakahata Masaki , Kamon Yuri , Hashidzume Akihito
Published: November 2023

In these decades, synthesis of polymers with controlled monomer sequences has been of increasing importance in polymer chemistry. When we tested synthesis of a heterodimer of 4‐azido‐5‐hexynoic acid derivatives carrying t‐butyl (tBu) ester and tBu amide side chains for preparation of an alternating copolymer, we unexpectedly obtained a heterodimer precursor carrying tBu ester and nitrile side chains, in a high yield. Since dense 1,2,3‐triazole polymers carrying nitrile side chains are expected as a new functional polymer, the heterodimer is polymerized by copper(I)‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition polymerization to obtain an alternating copolymer carrying tBu ester and nitrile side chains in this study. Since 1,2,3‐triazole and nitrile moieties are known to be ligands for metal ions, the complex formation of the alternating copolymer with PdCl2 is also investigated by NMR. In the presence of PdCl2, 1H NMR spectra show broad and separated signals due to the free and complexed copolymers, indicative of slow exchange. Pulse‐field‐gradient spin‐echo NMR data indicated that the coordination of alternating copolymer to PdCl2 made the copolymer chains take a more compact conformation under dilute conditions. The density functional theory calculations indicated that the alternating copolymer coordinated to PdCl2 preferentially through the 1,2,3‐triazole nitrogen and nitrile nitrogen atoms.
Unification of Gravity and Internal Interactions
Authors: Konitopoulos Spyros , Roumelioti Danai , Zoupanos George
Published: November 2023

In the gauge theoretic approach of gravity, general relativity is described by gauging the symmetry of the tangent manifold in four dimensions. Usually the dimension of the tangent space is considered to be equal to the dimension of the curved manifold. However, the tangent group of a manifold of dimension d is not necessarily . It has been suggested earlier that by gauging an enlarged symmetry of the tangent space in four dimensions one could unify gravity with internal interactions. Here, such a unified model is considered by gauging the as the extended Lorentz group overcoming in this way some difficulties of the previous attempts of similar unification and eventually obtained the GUT, supplemented by an global symmetry.
On the use of artificial intelligence in predicting the compressive strength of various cardboard packaging
Authors: Gajewski Tomasz , Grabski Jakub K. , Cornaggia Aram , Garbowski Tomasz
Published: November 2023

Artificial intelligence is increasingly used in various branches of engineering. In this article, artificial neural networks are used to predict the crush resistance of corrugated packaging. Among the analysed packages were boxes with ventilation openings, packages with perforations and typical flap boxes, which make the proposed estimation method very universal. Typical shallow feedforward networks were used, which are perfect for regression problems, mainly when the set of input and output parameters is small, so no complicated architecture or advanced learning techniques are required. The input parameters of the neural networks are selected so as to take into account not only the material used for the production of the packaging but also the dimensions of the box and the impact of ventilation holes and perforations on the load capacity of individual walls of the packaging. In order to maximize the effectiveness of neural network training process, the group of input parameters was changed so as to eliminate those to which the sensitivity of the model was the lowest. This allowed the selection of the optimal configuration of training pairs for which the estimation error was on the acceptable level. Finally, models of neural networks were selected, for which the training and testing error did not exceed 10%. The demonstrated effectiveness allows us to conclude that the proposed set of universal input parameters is suitable for efficient training of a single neural network model capable of predicting the compressive strength of various types of corrugated packaging.
Improving the accuracy of δ18O and δ17O values of O2 measured by continuous‐flow isotope‐ratio mass spectrometry with a multipoint isotope‐ratio calibration
Authors: de Carvalho Carolina F. M. , Lehmann Moritz F. , Pati Sarah G.
Published: November 2023

Rationale

Stable isotope analysis of O2 is a valuable tool to identify O2‐consuming processes in the environment; however, reference materials for O2 isotope analysis are lacking. Consequently, a one‐point calibration with O2 from ambient air is often applied, which can lead to substantial measurement uncertainties. Our goals were to develop a simple multipoint isotope‐ratio calibration approach and to determine measurement errors of δ18O and δ17O values of O2 associated with a one‐point calibration.

Methods

We produced O2 photosynthetically with extracted spinach thylakoids from source waters with δ18O values of −56‰ to +95‰ and δ17O values of −30‰ to +46‰. Photosynthesis was chosen because this process does not cause isotopic fractionation, so that the O isotopic composition of the produced O2 will be identical to that of the source water. The δ18O and δ17O values of the produced O2 were measured by gas chromatography coupled with isotope‐ratio mass spectrometry (GC/IRMS), applying a common one‐point calibration.

Results

Linear regressions between δ18O or δ17O values of the produced O2 and those of the corresponding source waters resulted in slopes of 0.99 ± 0.01 and 0.92 ± 0.10, respectively. In the tested δ range, a one‐point calibration thus introduced maximum errors of 0.8‰ and 3.3‰ for δ18O and δ17O, respectively. Triple oxygen isotopic measurements of O2 during consumption by Fe2+ resulted in a δ18O–δ17O relationship (λ) of 0.49 ± 0.01 without δ scale correction, slightly lower than expected for mass‐dependent O isotopic fractionation.

Conclusions

No significant bias is introduced on the δ18O scale when applying a one‐point calibration with O2 from ambient air during O2 isotope analysis. Both O2 formation and consumption experiments, however, indicate a δ17O scale compression. Consequently, δ17O values cannot be measured accurately by GC/IRMS with a one‐point calibration without determining the δ17O scale correction factor, e.g. with the O2 formation experiments described here.
Structural, Characterization, And Morphological Properties Of Copper Nanoparticles From Opuntia Ficus Indica Plant
Authors: Selvaraj Bro Rosy Christy , Nambakkat Babitha , Palani Geetha , Mariappan Nageshwari , Mariyappan Gurumoorthy , Dhanapal Saravanan , Venkatesan Chithambaram
Published: November 2023

One of the most recent areas of interest in current nanotechnologies and nanosciences is the use of biomaterials in the manufacturing of nanoparticles. More and more research is being carried out on environmentally friendly methods to create metal oxide nanoparticles (NP), with the intention of preventing any potential risks associated with harmful substances for a safe and healthy environment. In this study, Copper Oxide (CuO) is synthesized utilizing Opuntia ficus‐indica as the plant extract using a Microwave Combustion Technique (MCM) and its comparison against the Conventional Combustion Method (CCM) are investigated. The synthesized CuO nanoparticles were characterized using X‐ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT‐IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X‐ray Analysis (EDX) analysis. Photoluminescence spectroscopy was undertaken to acquire emission and absorption spectra and determine defects in the structures of all synthesized nanopowder samples. The antibacterial activity of the CuO nanoparticles was evaluated in‐vitro using gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus). Enhanced anti‐bactericidal activity was shown against Gram‐negative bacteria compared to Gram‐positive bacteria. Through these findings, the use of CuO using Opuntia ficus indica extracts is hereby shown to be a cost‐effective and environmentally friendly alternative and that can be used in a variety of applications.
Stable Spiro‐Linked Terfluorenes with Triphenylamine Pendants as Deep Blue Emitters for Solution‐Processed Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Panoy Patchareepond , Prakanpo Nipanan , Chasing Pongsakorn , Chatanop Nuttapong , Sudyoadsuk Taweesak , Promarak Vinich
Published: November 2023

Herein, we reported new spiro‐linked terfluorenes (TF1 and TF2) as solution‐processible hole‐transporting‐free deep‐blue fluorescent emitters for simple structured organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). They were designed and synthesized by incorporating triphenylamine pendants into the C9 positions of the spiro‐linked terfluorene, resulting in a criss‐cross configuration of the two terfluorene backbones and a highly bulky molecular geometry from the pendant groups. Consequently, TF1 and TF2 exhibited good quality thin films by spin‐coating, stable deep blue emissions with no unwanted long wavelength emission after prolonged thermal annealing and UV exposure, shallow highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels (−5.36–−5.37 eV), decent hole mobilities (1.09–1.23×10−7 cm2 V−1 s−1), and high thermal stability, and effectively employed as non‐doped emissive layers in the OLEDs. Particularly, TF2‐based solution‐processed OLED displayed a bright deep blue emission with superior EL performance (turn‐on voltage (Von) of 3.4 V, external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 3.82 %, and luminance efficiency (LEmax) of 5.22 cd A−1). This outstanding EL performance of the non‐doped solution‐processed deep blue OLED could be attributed to the effective molecular design, and this work presented a new approach for constructing effective blue emitters based on oligofluorenes.
Synthesis of Indole‐2‐carboxylates via Condensation of Nitroacetic Esters and 2‐Dimethylbenzaldehydes
Authors: Zaitseva Elvira R. , Ivanov Dmitrii S. , Baleeva Nadezhda S. , Smirnov Alexander Yu. , Mikhaylov Andrey A. , Baranov Mikhail S.
Published: November 2023

A new operationally simple single step method for synthesis indole‐2‐carboxylates from 2‐dimethylaminobenzaldehydes and nitroacetic acid esters in 22–59 % yields has been developed.
Highly Stretchable, Knittable, Wearable Fiberform Hydrovoltaic Generators Driven by Water Transpiration for Portable Self‐Power Supply and Self‐Powered Strain Sensor
Authors: Luo Guoxi , Xie Jiaqi , Liu Jielun , Luo Yunyun , Li Min , Li Zhikang , Yang Ping , Zhao Libo , Wang Kaifei , Maeda Ryutaro , Jiang Zhuangde
Published: November 2023

The development of excellently stretchable, highly mobile, and sustainable power supplies is of great importance for self‐power wearable electronics. Transpiration‐driven hydrovoltaic power generator (HPG) has been demonstrated to be a promising energy harvesting strategy with the advantages of negative heat and zero‐carbon emissions. Herein, this work demonstrates a fiber‐based stretchable HPG with the advantages of high output, portability, knittability, and sustainable power generation. Based on the functionalized micro‐nano water diffusion channels constructed by the discarded mask straps (MSs) and oxidation‐treated carbon nanomaterials, the applied water can continuously produce electricity during the spontaneous flow and diffusion. Experimentally, when a tiny 0.1 mL of water encounters one end of the proposed HPG, the centimeter‐length device can yield a peak voltage of 0.43 V, peak current of 29.5 µA, and energy density of 5.833 mW h cm−3. By efficiently integrating multiple power generation units, sufficient output power can be provided to drive commercial electronic devices even in the stretched state. Furthermore, due to the reversibility of the electrical output during dynamic stretching‐releasing, it can passively convert physiological activities and motion behaviors into quantifiable and processable current signals, opening up HPG's application in the field of self‐powered wearable sensing.
One‐Step Synthesis of Multifunctional Bacterial Cellulose Film‐Based Phase Change Materials with Cross‐Linked Network Structure for Solar–Thermal Energy Conversion, Storage, and Utilization
Authors: Zhang Dong , Zhang Shengming , Liang Qianqian , Song Jiale , Guan Mengyao , Zhang Tao , Chen Shiyan , Wang Huaping
Published: November 2023

As one of the important directions of solar energy utilization, the construction of composite photothermal phase change materials (PCM) with reasonable network support and low leakage in the simple method is important to solve the transient availability of solar energy and achieve long‐lasting energy output. Here, a multifunctional silylated bacterial cellulose (BC)/hydroxylated carbon nanotube (HCNT)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) (SBTP) photothermal film‐based PCM with cross‐linked network structure is prepared by simple one‐step synthesis. The formation of the cross‐linked network structure achieves the enhancement of BC support network, prominent dispersion of HCNT and the direct introduction and perfect interlocking of PEG. Therefore, the optimal SBTP film exhibits high thermal enthalpy of 145.1 J g−1, enthalpy efficiency of over 94%, robust shape stability and low leakage of <1.2%. It also displays high photothermal conversion of over 80 °C, photothermal storage of 394 s g−1 and excellent stability. Thus, it can demonstrate a maximum output voltage of 423 mV and high power density of 30.26 W m−2 under three solar irradiations when applied in the solar–thermal–electric energy conversion field. Meanwhile, it also can apply in the thermal management of solar cell and light‐emitting diode (LED) chip, and convert the waste heat into electricity, demonstrating multi‐scene application capability.
A Multifunctional Zwitterion Electrolyte Additive for Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Anode
Authors: Liu Xinlong , Xu Bingang , Lu Jian , Han Jing , Deng Shenzhen , Yu Xiao , An Yongling , Tang Yun
Published: November 2023

Although zinc metal anode is promising for zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) owing to high energy density, its reversibility is significantly obstructed by uncontrolled dendrite growth and parasitic reactions. Optimizing electrolytes is a facile yet effective method to simultaneously address these issues. Herein, 2‐(N‐morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES), a pH buffer as novel additive, is initially introduced into conventional ZnSO4 electrolyte to ensure a dendrite‐free zinc anode surface, enabling a stable Zn/electrolyte interface, which is achieved by controlling the solvated sheath through H2O poor electric double layer (EDL) derived from zwitterionic groups. Moreover, this zwitterionic additive can balance localized H+ concentration of the electrolyte system, thus preventing parasitic reactions in damaging electrodes. DFT calculation proves that the MES additive has a strong affinity with Zn2+ and induces uniform deposition along (002) orientation. As a result, the Zn anode in MES‐based electrolyte exhibits exceptional plating/stripping lifespan with 1600 h at 0.5 mA cm−2 (0.5 mAh cm−2) and 430 h at 5.0 mA cm−2 (5.0 mAh cm−2) while it maintains high coulombic efficiency of 99.8%. This work proposes an effective and facile approach for designing dendrite‐free anode for future aqueous Zn‐based storage devices.
Pulsed Electrolysis Promotes CO2 Reduction to Ethanol on Heterostructured Cu2O/Ag Catalysts
Authors: Wu Xiuju , Li Xiaotong , Lv Jiabao , Lv Xiangzhou , Wu Angjian , Qi Zhifu , Wu Hao Bin
Published: November 2023

The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into ethanol with high added value has attracted increasing attention. Here, an efficient catalyst with abundant Cu2O/Ag interfaces for ethanol production under pulsed CO2 electrolysis is reported, which is composed of Cu2O hollow nanospheres loaded with Ag nanoparticles (named as se‐Cu2O/Ag). The CO2‐to‐ethanol Faradaic efficiency is prominently improved to 46.3% at a partial current density up to 417 mA cm−2 under pulsed electrolysis conditions in a neutral flow cell, notably outperforming conventional Cu catalysts during static electrolysis. In situ spectroscopy reveals the stabilized Cu+ species of se‐Cu2O/Ag during pulsed electrolysis and the enhanced adsorbed CO intermediate (*CO)coverage on the heterostructured catalyst. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirm that the Cu2O/Ag heterostructure stabilizes the *CO intermediate and promotes the coupling of *CO and adsorbed CH intermediate (*CH). Meanwhile, the stable Cu+ species under pulsed electrolysis favor the hydrogenation of adsorbed HCCOH intermediate (*HCCOH) to adsorbed HCCHOH intermediate (*HCCHOH) on the pathway to ethanol. The synergistic effect between the enhanced generation of *CO on Cu2O/Ag and regenerated Cu+ species under pulsed electrolysis steers the reaction pathway toward ethanol. This work provides some insights into selective ethanol production from CO2 electroreduction via combined catalyst design and non‐steady state electrolysis.
Integrating In‐Plane Thermoelectricity and Out‐Plane Piezoresistivity for Fully Decoupled Temperature‐Pressure Sensing
Authors: Wang Jincheng , Chen Rui , Ji Dongsheng , Xu Wenjun , Zhang Wenzhuo , Zhang Chen , Zhou Wei , Luo Tao
Published: November 2023

A flexible sensor that simultaneously senses temperature and pressure is crucial in various fields, such as human‐machine interaction, artificial intelligence, and biomedical applications. Previous research has mainly focused on single‐function flexible sensors for e‐skins or smart devices, and integrated bimodal sensing of temperature and pressure without complex crosstalk decoupling algorithms remains challenging. In this work, a flexible bimodal sensor is proposed that utilizes spatial orthogonality between in‐plane thermoelectricity and out‐plane piezoresistivity, which enables fully decoupled temperature‐pressure sensing. The proposed bimodal sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 281.46 µV K−1 for temperature sensing and 2.181 kPa−1 for pressure sensing. In the bimodal sensing mode, the sensor exhibits negligible mutual interference, providing a measurement error of ± 7% and ± 8% for temperature and pressure, respectively, within a 120 kPa pressure range and a 40 K temperature variation. Additionally, simultaneous spatial mapping of temperature and pressure with a bimodal sensor array enables contact shape identification with enhanced accuracy beyond the limit imposed by the number of sensing units. The proposed integrated bimodal sensing strategy does not require complex crosstalk decoupling algorithms, which represents a significant advancement in flexible sensors for applications that necessitate simultaneous sensing of temperature and pressure.
Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Covalent Organic Framework/Graphene Nanohybrids: High‐Performance Faradaic Cathodes for Supercapacitors and Hybrid Capacitive Deionization
Authors: Xu Liming , Liu Yong , Ding Zibiao , Xu Xingtao , Liu Xinjuan , Gong Zhiwei , Li Jiabao , Lu Ting , Pan Likun
Published: November 2023

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with flexible periodic skeletons and ordered nanoporous structures have attracted much attention as potential candidate electrode materials for green energy storage and efficient seawater desalination. Further improving the intrinsic electronic conductivity and releasing porosity of COF‐based materials is a necessary strategy to improve their electrochemical performance. Herein, the employed graphene as the conductive substrate to in situ grow 2D redox‐active COF (TFPDQ‐COF) with redox activity under solvent‐free conditions to prepare TFPDQ‐COF/graphene (TFPDQGO) nanohybrids and explores their application in both supercapacitor and hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI). By optimizing the hybridization ratio, TFPDQGO exhibits a large specific capacitance of 429.0 F g−1 due to the synergistic effect of the charge transport highway provided by the graphene layers and the abundant redox‐active centers contained in the COF skeleton, and the assembled TFPDQGO//activated carbon (AC) asymmetric supercapacitor possesses a high energy output of 59.4 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 950 W kg−1 and good cycling life. Furthermore, the maximum salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of 58.4 mg g−1 and stable regeneration performance is attained for TFPDQGO‐based HCDI. This study highlights the new opportunities of COF‐based hybrid materials acting as high‐performance supercapacitor and HCDI electrode materials.
Amorphous Modulation of Atomic Nb‐O/N Clusters with Asymmetric Coordination in Carbon Shells for Advanced Sodium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors
Authors: Liu Baoquan , Hu Shuxiao , Pan Yang , Zeng Fanyan , Zhou Shengyu , Zheng Yingte , Ma Yongcun , Ma Dui , Luo Shenglian
Published: November 2023

Anode materials with excellent properties have become the key to develop sodium‐ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs) that combine the advantages of both batteries and capacitors. Amorphous modulation is an effective strategy to realize high energy/power density in SIHCs. Herein, atomically amorphous Nb‐O/N clusters with asymmetric coordination are in situ created in N‐doped hollow carbon shells (Nb‐O/N@C). The amorphous clusters with asymmetric Nb‐O3/N1 configurations have abundant charge density and low diffusion energy barriers, which effectively modulate the charge transport paths and improve the reaction kinetics. The clusters are also enriched with unsaturated vacancy defects and isotropic ion‐transport channels, and their atomic disordering exhibits high structural stress buffering, which are strong impetuses for realizing bulk‐phase‐indifferent ion storage and enhancing the storage properties of the composite. Based on these features, Nb‐O/N@C achieves notably improved sodium‐ion storage properties (reversible capacity of 240.1 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1 after 8000 cycles), and has great potential for SIHCs (230 Wh Kg−1 at 4001.5 W Kg−1). This study sheds new light on developing high‐performance electrodes for sodium‐ion batteries and SIHCs by designing amorphous clusters and asymmetric coordination.
Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Helicobacter Pylori‐Infected Gastric Cancer Cells Induce Lymphangiogenesis and Lymphatic Remodeling via Transfer of miR‐1246
Authors: Lu Chen , Xie Li , Qiu Shengkui , Jiang Tianlu , Wang Luyao , Chen Zetian , Xia Yiwen , Lv Jialun , Li Ying , Li Bowen , Gu Chao , Xu Zekuan
Published: November 2023

Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a significant barrier to the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)‐positive GC patients experience a higher rate of LNM than H. pylori‐negative GC patients. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Based on the findings of this study, H. pylori‐positive GC patients have greater lymphangiogenesis and lymph node immunosuppression than H. pylori‐negative GC patients. In addition, miR‐1246 is overexpressed in the plasma small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) of H. pylori‐positive GC patients, indicating a poor prognosis. Functionally, sEVs derived from GC cells infected with H. pylori deliver miR‐1246 to lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and promote lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic remodeling. Mechanistically, miR‐1246 suppresses GSK3β expression and promotes β‐Catenin and downstream MMP7 expression in LECs. miR‐1246 also stabilizes programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) by suppressing GSK3β and induces the apoptosis of CD8+ T cells. Overall, miR‐1246 in plasma sEVs may be a novel biomarker and therapeutic target in GC‐LNM.
Efficient Exciton Dissociation on Ceria Chelated Cerium‐Based MOF Isogenous S‐Scheme Photocatalyst for Acetaldehyde Purification
Authors: Yang Hui , Jia Lu , Zhang Qitao , Yuan Saisai , Ohno Teruhisa , Xu Bin
Published: November 2023

Long‐term exposure to low concentration indoor VOCs of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) is harmful to human health. Thus, a novel isogenous heterojunction CeO2/Ce‐MOF photocatalyst is synthesized via a one‐step hydrothermal method for the effective elimination of CH3CHO in this work. This CeO2/Ce‐MOF photocatalyst performs well in CH3CHO removal and achieves an apparent quantum efficiency of 7.15% at 420 nm, which presents ≈6.7 and 3.4 times superior to those generated by CeO2 and Ce‐MOF, respectively. The enhanced efficiency is due to two main aspects including i) an effective photocarrier separation ability and the prolonged reaction lifetime of excitons play crucial roles and ii) the formation of an internal electric field (IEF) is sufficient to overcome the considerable exciton binding energy, and increases the exciton dissociation efficiency by up to 50.4%. Moreover, the reasonable pathways and mechanisms of CH3CHO degradation are determined by in situ DRIFTS analysis and simulated DFT calculations. Those results demonstrated that S‐scheme heterojunction successfully increases the efficiency of harmful volatile organic compounds elimination, and it offers essential guidance for designing rare earth‐based MOF photocatalysts.