bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systemic cytokine profiles in biliary atresia
Authors: Udomsinprasert Wanvisa , Ungsudechachai Tachatra , Vejchapipat Paisarn , Poovorawan Yong , Honsawek Sittisak
Published: April 2022

Background

Inflammation and immune dysregulation persuade biliary duct injury in biliary atresia (BA), a leading cause of pediatric liver transplantation given lack of specific biomarkers. We aimed to determine associations between systemic cytokine profiles and clinical parameters in BA patients and to identify potential BA biomarkers.

Methods

Systemic levels of 27 cytokines were measured in 82 BA patients and 25 healthy controls using a multiplex immunoassay. Relative mRNA expressions of candidate cytokines in 20 BA livers and 5 non-BA livers were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR.

Results

Higher levels of 17 cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-2, IL-15, eotaxin, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, G-CSF, IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 and lower levels of IFN-α and PDGF were significantly associated with BA. In BA patients, increased levels of IL-7, eotaxin, IP-10, and IL-13 were significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes including jaundice, fibrosis, and portal hypertension. Indeed, systemic levels of those cytokines were significantly correlated with clinical parameters indicating jaundice, fibrosis, and hepatic dysfunction in BA patients. Out of 27 cytokines, 4 (IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, and PDGF) had potential as sensitive and specific biomarkers of BA. Of these, higher IL-8 levels were significantly associated with reduced survival of BA. In BA livers, relative mRNA expressions of IL-8, IP-10, and MCP-1 were significantly up-regulated.

Conclusions

Higher levels of several cytokines including inflammatory cytokines, immunomodulatory cytokines, chemokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines and lower levels of growth factors would reflect inflammatory and immune responses related to BA development. Among 27 cytokines, plasma IL-8 might have great potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for BA.
New seasonal measurement with stability and clustering seasonal patterns: A case study in Japan from 2011 to 2019
Authors: Ogasawara Yu
Published: April 2022

Seasonality of tourism demand witnesses fluctuations over multiple years. The fluctuations and seasonality often cause seasonal pattern changes. This study presents a new seasonal measurement that considers the stability of seasonal patterns. The measurement is based on a seasonal index and expressed interval-valued data, which are a kind of symbolic data. As a case study, the new measurements are calculated from Japanese overnight data from 2011 to 2019 and the results classify the seasonal patterns of 47 prefectures using a hierarchical clustering method for interval-valued data based on Ward’s method. The analysis results indicate that there are differences in not only seasonal patterns but also their stability between domestic overnight demand and inbound overnight demand. The analysis procedure suggested in this study could be helpful in organizing numerous other unstable seasonal patterns.
Functional exploration of the glycoside hydrolase family GH113
Authors: Couturier Marie , Touvrey-Loiodice Mélanie , Terrapon Nicolas , Drula Elodie , Buon Laurine , Chirat Christine , Henrissat Bernard , Helbert William
Published: April 2022

β-Mannans are a heterogeneous group of polysaccharides with a common main chain of β-1,4-linked mannopyranoside residues. The cleavage of β-mannan chains is catalyzed by glycoside hydrolases called β-mannanases. In the CAZy database, β-mannanases are grouped by sequence similarity in families GH5, GH26, GH113 and GH134. Family GH113 has been under-explored so far with six enzymes characterized, all from the Firmicutes phylum. We undertook the functional characterization of 14 enzymes from a selection of 31 covering the diversity of the family GH113. Our observations suggest that GH113 is a family with specificity towards mannans, with variations in the product profiles and modes of action. We were able to assign mannanase and mannosidase activities to four out of the five clades of the family, increasing by 200% the number of characterized GH113 members, and expanding the toolbox for fine-tuning of mannooligosaccharides.
Cultural roots and nostalgia: Exploring cultural identity and sense of belonging through animation practice
Authors: Asparuhova Eleonora , Patera Marianne
Published: April 2022

Animation, both as an art form and a storytelling medium, offers a variety of creative avenues for self-expression. The animator’s cultural background, depending on the individual, can have a strong influence on their practice, which can be elicited from their stylistic choices as well as their approach to storytelling and technique. This article discusses how an autoethnographic reflection into animation practice, in particular the early stage of idea formation, has uncovered questions about cultural identity and sense of belonging when living abroad. It explores the role of nostalgia in the creative process and questions whether the feeling of homesickness can influence ideas and act as a spur to create work inspired by the animator’s culture and heritage. The article discusses three short animations produced by the lead author and the thought process that led to the decision to base them on Bulgarian folklore, music and literature while living in the United Kingdom.
It is all fun and games: Using gamification and serious gaming to bridge the practice–theory gap in a creative industries school
Authors: Collignon Stéphane , Sana Thibaut
Published: April 2022

The Department of Digital Creative Industries of the Haute École Albert Jaquard in Belgium is officially designated as a technical school, as opposed to, for instance, an art school or a university. As such, the type of student attracted to the school generally fit the style of teaching offered, in that they tend to show a low interest in theory and are mostly eager to acquire practical skills. In recent years, two pedagogical experiments have been conducted to try and bridge that practice vs. theory gap. One with first-year students to try and raise their motivation towards learning art history, the other with fourth-year video games specialization students, trying to introduce reflexive practices in their skills and intuitional approach, which at this point in their course is strongly ingrained. In both cases, the use of either gamification or serious gaming helped the students access knowledge to which they were usually initially reticent.
Batman’s theories and attitudes: ‘Re-positioning’ practice as research
Authors: Wells Paul
Published: April 2022

This article addresses ‘practice as research’ in animation, arguing that practictioners often find it problematic to ‘theorize’ and write about their work in conventional academic language and contexts, and that new strategies are required to enable practitioners to undertake this task. Using Batman: The Animated Series as a touchstone, the discussion suggests that new ‘languages’ should evolve from within practice, drawing upon ‘poli-vocal’ and ‘multi-register’ models of inclusive views and concepts, the definition of ‘micro-narratives’, and working as part of transdisciplinary applications.
Crisis communication amid the COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco
Authors: Hattani Ait , Jai Amrani
Published: April 2022

The coronavirus pandemic has posed critical and unprecedented challenges to the well-being of people across the globe, threatening human health, social stability and economic prospects. The crisis has mobilized stakeholders from different departments to empower citizens and help them understand the situation, restore control, minimize risks and enhance resilience. As a result, all parties such as healthcare providers, policy-makers, public authorities and NGOs have been struggling to develop effective messaging and communication approaches in order to provide the public with information about what they can do and how they can help themselves. Communication is a vital arm when a crisis hits; it helps the audience perceive and respond to risk messages in a rational and critical way. This article examines the role of crisis communication (CC) amid coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Morocco. It aims at understanding citizens’ different perceptions and opinions about the communication approach incorporated during the crisis. A survey questionnaire was conducted with a total sample of 250 participants. The questionnaire was used to investigate the extent to which communication has helped citizens understand the crisis situation and effectively respond to its challenges. The findings highlight that Moroccans hold positive attitudes towards the communication approach adopted during the COVID-19 emergency; they acknowledge the importance and efficiency of the communicated information in shaping public perception of risk and enhancing resilience, prevention and mitigation. Thus, this article proves the assumption that CC, using different platforms and resources, can play a life-saving role in increasing understanding and enhancing risk control and disease management.
Terrorism, Islamophobia and White supremacy: Comparing CNN and the BBC coverage of the Christchurch mosque shooting
Authors: el-Nawawy Mohammed , Hasan Basel Alameer
Published: April 2022

This qualitative textual analysis used framing theory to compare 80 online articles from Cable News Network (CNN) and British Broadcasting Company (BBC) dealing with the 2019 Christchurch mosque shooting in New Zealand. The study examined themes of Islamophobia and White supremacy and the media representation of the White perpetrator who carried out the attack. The analysis over eight days following the shooting identified the most prominent frames used by both network, and how these frames were employed to serve a specific context. The study found that the attack was too shocking to the extent that BBC and CNN adopted a new non-classical narrative that was not typical of western news coverage of attacks committed by White perpetrators. This shift was represented by adopting frames of ‘terrorist’ and ‘terrorism’ and avoiding the frame of ‘mentally sick perpetrator’ that used to be prevalent in western media coverage of similar attacks. Both networks associated the perpetrator with White supremacy and engaging in a terrorist attack. While both CNN and BBC framed the shooting as a terrorist attack driven by Islamophobic sentiments, the terrorism framing was more obvious on CNN than on the BBC. The White supremacist motive was highlighted by CNN, while the right-wing framing was central in the BBC coverage.
Modernizations in the post-pandemic world
Authors: Smith Rory Stephen
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Modernization has been a part of the lift industry for a very long time.  There are buildings that are over 100 years old that have been modernized multiple times but continue to use the original direct current machine.  Both societal changes and technical innovations will make the modernizations of the very near future different from the modernizations of the present.The motivations for modernization, the societal changes, and the technical innovations will be reviewed.  The benefits of the next generation modernization will also be explored.
Study of Macrocharcoal Remains from Charcoal Interlayers at the Surungur Archaeological Site Depositions (Fergana Valley, Southern Kyrgyzstan)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, S. Zhilich , T. Chargynov ,   Kyrgyz National University Named after Jusup Balasagyn, S. Shnaider ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of SB RAS
Published: April 2022

The paper researches the adaptation of ancient people to climate change and their influence on the surrounding landscapes on the example of the Surungur archaeological site (Southern Kyrgyzstan). The charcoal interlayers from Surungur depositions (excavations of 2021) were studied by the method of macrocharcoal analysis. Charcoals of different types were found in the samples: wood, grass, charred bones and amorphous charcoals. Amorphous coals are coals without a visible ordered structure with inclusions of other type macrocharcoals and containing spherulites. Spherulites are spherical crystals of calcite (5–20 mkm) formed in large quantities in the digestive system of ruminants (cows, sheep, goats, deer), preserved during combustion and visible in polarized light under a microscope. Based on the reconstruction of the used fuel types and the comparison of the data on climate in different time periods, we can conclude that throughout the period of the sites’ existence, ancient people used all types of fuel. During periods of warm and humid climate, trees were readily available and wood was mainly used, while during periods of dry and cold climate dung and probably bones were used more.
M.P. Gryaznov and the State Hermitage Museum
Authors:   The State Hermitage Museum, L. MARSADOLOV
Published: April 2022

March 13, 2022 marked the 120th anniversary of the birth of Mikhail Petrovich Gryaznov (1902–1984), an outstanding Russian scientist, researcher of archaeological sites of Southern Siberia, Doctor of Historical Sciences, keeper of the State Hermitage Museum, laureate of the USSR State Prize. From 1937 to 1951 M.P. Gryaznov was the curator of the collections of the State Hermitage, and this museum contains materials from the excavations of his expeditions. Mikhail Petrovich was one of the scientists whose works are distinguished by a bright and unique research talent. He was a master of extracting maximum scientific information from every ancient thing and site. These qualities gave him the opportunity to reconstruct the history of the ancient population of Siberia in completely new aspects and with such details that seemingly were not available to archaeology. The combination of breadth of scientific interests with spiritual generosity allowed M.P. Gryaznov to expand the traditional limits of archaeology and had a fruitful impact on all who came into contact with him.
‘Big’ Oirat Spherocylindrical Helmet in the Tobolsk Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve Depositary
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, L. Bobrov , I. Balyunov ,   Tobolsk Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve
Published: April 2022

The article studies the helmet under inventory number ВО-171, stored in the Tobolsk Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve (THAMR) depositary. Previously, the helmet attracted the attention of scientists; however it has never been the object of an independent scientific study. The key objectives is to provide a description of the construction and design of the helmet, clarify its dating and attribution, reconstruct its potential original appearance. The helmet was obtained from Siberian Tatars in 1910. The name of the donator is not specified. Presumably, the helmet was donated to Tobolsk Provincial Museum by the descendants of an authoritative Tatar dynasty — the Kulmametievs. The Kulmametievs have been the donators of other Siberian and Central Asian helmets, stored in Tobolsk Museum-Reserve depositary, in 1908–1910. It has been established that the helmet is part of the Oirat spherocylindrical grouping (‘jug-shaped’, ‘vase-shaped’) of helmets of the late Middle Ages and early Modern Period. It is likely that the craftsmen who made such helmets were inspired by the Buddhist stupa (in Kalmyk ‘suburgan’). Based on the construction and design features (including the presence of Buddhist symbols on the crown) it is possible that the helmet was forged by Oirat or South Siberian gunsmiths for a wealthy Oirat Buddhist warrior in the 1610’s — 1680’s. Originally the helmet was equipped with a three-part platelike aventail, that is currently connected to the helmet of Siberian Tatars (inventory number: ВО-70). A comprehensive analysis of the sources made it possible to reconstruct the likely initial appearance of the helmet. The helmet under inventory number ВО-171 presents a striking example of the 17th century Oirat helmets. It could be obtained by Siberian Tatars as war booty, political present or trade exchange. The history of the helmet is a vivid example of interaction between Mongolian- and Turkic-speaking population of Central Asia and Western Siberia during the period of ‘Minor Mongolian (Oirat) invasion’ in the 17th — the middle of the 18th centuries.
Adoção de tecnologias de armazenamento em nuvem nos escritórios brasileiros de contabilidade
Authors: Henriques Quiraque Elcídio , Carvalho Silva Leinad , Gomes Barbosa Marco Aurélio , Capuano da Cruz Ana Paula
Published: April 2022

Introdução / objetivo: Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de demonstrar os fatores que impactam a aceitação de tecnologia de armazenamento em nuvem nos escritórios de contabilidade filiados a uma instituição representativa de seus interesses no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, amparada pelos paradigmas propostos pela Teoria Unificada de Aceitação e Uso de Tecnologia. Metodologia: A coleta de dados procedeu-se por meio de um questionário disponibilizado aos endereços eletrônicos dos responsáveis pelos escritórios de contabilidade, por meio do sistema Google Form. Na análise dos dados, o estudo recorreu ao software SPSS 25, para a apresentação da estatística descritiva, e ao software SmartPLS 3.0, para a modelagem de equações estruturais. Resultados: As evidências da pesquisa apontaram que apenas a variável “hábito” apresentou significância, demonstrando que somente esse construto apresenta influência significativa na intenção de uso da ferramenta de armazenamento em nuvem. Conclusões: Como contribuição, este estudo auxilia na gestão organizacional, no entendimento dos fatores influenciadores da adoção de tecnologias de armazenamento em nuvem, a fim de melhorar a rotina dos escritórios de contabilidade e maximizar a agilidade, o custo e a segurança do armazenamento de dados.
Das Spießerverdikt
Authors: Engel Sonja , Schrage Dominik
Published: April 2022

Die Verspottung von Personen und Gruppen als »Spießer« ist in der (deutschsprachigen) Lebenswelt ein weitverbreitetes Phänomen - umso erstaunlicher ist es, dass diese Alltagspraxis bisher kaum erforscht wurde. Sonja Engel und Dominik Schrage widmen sich der Analyse von Spießerschmähungen aus historisch-soziologischer Perspektive und zeichnen die Genealogie des Spießerverdikts nach, indem sie sie ins 19. Jahrhundert zurückverfolgen. Die Invektiven gegen Philister, Klein- und Spießbürger als Sozialfiguren der gesellschaftlichen Mitte erweisen sich dabei als relevante Momente der Etablierung und Veränderung von Vorstellungen sozialer Ordnung, die bis in die Gegenwart Wirkung entfalten.
Kollegiale Fallberatung für Pädagogen und Pädagoginnen
Authors: Seyfried Clemens , Marschke Britta
Published: April 2022

In pädagogischen Arbeitsfeldern stellen sich immer wieder neue Herausforderungen, die einer persönlichen Reflexion und Bearbeitung bedürfen. Clemens Seyfried und Britta Marschke haben mit ihrem Konzept der »Subjektiven Relevanz« (SuRe) ein Modell entwickelt, das die Person mit ihrer beruflichen und persönlichen Entwicklung in den Mittelpunkt stellt und mit Rückgriff auf Kompetenzreservoirs, Praxiserfahrung und professionellem Wissen eine Reflexionsstruktur bereitstellt. Mit dem dazugehörigen Portal »SuRe online« ist darüber hinaus eine orts- und zeitunabhängige Reflexion möglich, die neue Handlungsmöglichkeiten aufzeigt und in Praxis wie Ausbildung nutzbar ist.
Prekäre Subjektivierung
Authors: Künstler Phries Sophie
Published: April 2022

Warum folgt aus einer prekären gesellschaftlichen Lage nicht automatisch ein politisches Subjekt? Dieser Grundfrage kritischer Gesellschaftstheorie widmet sich Phries Künstler und geht Prozessen prekärer Subjektivierung im Kontext von Mutterschaft und Erwerbslosigkeit nach. Anhand von Interviews mit Teilnehmerinnen von Aktivierungsmaßnahmen werden aus poststrukturalistischer Perspektive die Kämpfe untersucht, die unternommen werden müssen, um den eigenen Subjektstatus gegen die Gefahr der Verwerfung zu sichern. Damit leistet die Studie einen Beitrag zur Theoretisierung und Empirie von Subjektivierung im Horizont sozialer Ungleichheit, Prekarität und Politik.
(De-)Legitimierung und Leugnung
Authors: Graevskaia Alexandra
Published: April 2022

Alexandra Graevskaia widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage wie die Situationsanalyse und die Kritische Diskursanalyse für Forschung mit dem Konzept des Dispositivs analytisch nutzbar gemacht werden kann. Diese methodische Frage wird anhand der Analyse polizeilicher Darstellungen von Racial Profiling bearbeitet. Dabei wird gezeigt wie Racial Profiling delegitimiert, legitimiert und geleugnet wird. Die empirische Basis bilden Interviews mit Polizist*innen. Im Zentrum des Erkenntnisinteresses stehen jedoch nicht die einzelnen Interviewten, sondern das Zusammenwirken von polizeilichen Routinen, Gesetzen sowie rassistischen Wissensbeständen, durch das Racial Profiling ermöglicht wird.
Methodische Zugänge zur diskursiven Einbettung im transnationalen Raum
Authors: Söylemez Seçkin
Published: April 2022

Seçkin Söylemez widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage wie diskursanalytische Zugänge in das Feld migrantischer Diskursakteur*innen der Mesoebene eröffnet werden können. Im konkreten Fall untersucht der Autor hierbei die diskursiven Reaktionen türkeistämmiger Migrantenorganisationen auf den rassistischen Anschlag von Hanau vom 19. Februar 2020, mit dem Ziel Erkenntnisse über die Selbstwahrnehmung/-konstruktion der Organisationen zu gewinnen. Neben einer thematischen Rezeption rassistischer Gewalt aus türkeistämmiger Perspektive geht es somit allem voran um die Frage, inwiefern der Aspekt der transnationalen Einbettungen von Migrantenorganisationen aus einer diskurstheoretischen Warte erfasst werden kann.
Bildungsaufstiege im Erfahrungsraum von Sphären- und Schichtdifferenzen
Authors: Kohlmeier Markus
Published: April 2022

Markus Kohlmeier beschäftigt sich in diesem Beitrag mit Bildungsaufstiegen am Übergang in die Sekundarstufe II und den sozialen Herausforderungen, die mit Bildungsaufstiegen einhergehen. Diese Herausforderungen beziehen sich auf das Erleben von habituellen Schicht- und Sphärendifferenzen, wobei Schichtdifferenzen habituelle Unterschiede zwischen den sozialen Milieus beschreiben und Sphärendifferenzen habituelle Unterschiede zwischen der inner- und außerfamilialen Sphäre adressieren. Der Beitrag unternimmt somit den Versuch, eine eher qualitative Perspektive in ein quantitatives Analysedesign zu übersetzen, um so den Blick auf soziale Hürden im Bildungssystem zu lenken, welche für die quantitative Bildungssoziologie bisher nicht sichtbar waren. Die Analysen beruhen auf Daten des Nationalen Bildungspanels.
Unnecessary Complications?
Authors: Herrmann Sebastian M.
Published: April 2022

This article investigates the mixing of different symbolic forms in John Carroll Power's 1858 "Diagram and Statistical Record of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence." It argues that the diagram's odd design constitutes an attempt to bring together the symbolic forms of narrative, data, and play to thus highlight and foreground their liminal boundaries and to invite readers to practice exchanging one form for another. In this, the diagram speaks of two important facets of nineteenth-century US culture: a fascination with different symbolic forms and their relationship on the one hand and a desire to use these different forms and their liminality for more democratic forms of representation on the other.
Endings and Sustainability
Authors: Levine Caroline
Published: April 2022

Most critics read narrative endings-and especially happy endings-as points of closure where the instabilities of the plot come to conservative resolutions. Yet, endings are often in fact moments of transition where narratable plotted action shifts into the promise of stable and predictable routines extending forward. This prospect of stability is politically important right now, as fossil fuels radically disrupt longstanding ecosystems and millions of people struggle for reliable food, clean water, and safe shelter. Arguing for the importance of revaluing stability and routine as the climate catastrophe worsens, this essay rethinks happy endings as thresholds to sustainability.
Öffentliche Bibliotheken zwischen Digitalisierung und Austerität
Authors: Thiele Katja
Published: April 2022

Bildungsgerechtigkeit und öffentliche Daseinsvorsorge stehen im Spannungsfeld von Digitalisierung und Austerität. Mit der öffentlichen Bibliothek fokussiert Katja Thiele auf ein konkretes Feld öffentlicher sozialer Infrastrukturen und fragt aus humangeographischer Perspektive nach ihrer Bedeutung für die Bildungsgerechtigkeit auf der lokalen Ebene. Dazu stützt sie sich auf ihre Untersuchung der Entwicklungen in drei Fallstudienstädten in Europa: Bonn (Deutschland), Leicester (Großbritannien) und Malmö (Schweden).
Rady naukowe czasopism – czego się możemy o nich dowiedzieć z not redakcyjnych?
Authors: Drabek Aneta , Bemke-Świtilnik Magdalena
Published: April 2022

W społeczności naukowców członkostwo w radzie naukowej czasopisma jest cenione, nawet jeżeli faktyczna rola rad naukowych w poszczególnych czasopismach nie jest przejrzysta. Informacja o radzie naukowej jest istotna dla potencjalnych autorów, twórców baz danych i jednostek finansujących czasopisma. Przyjęto, że (oprócz strony WWW) nota redakcyjna (ang. editorial) może być miejscem komunikowania informacji o radzie naukowej czasopisma. W celu zweryfikowania tego założenia posłużono się metodą narracyjnego przeglądu literatury, z elementami przeglądu systematycznego. Przeprowadzono dyskusję na temat not redakcyjnych – definicji, roli i autorstwa tych tekstów. W bazach Scopus i Web of Science Core Collection wyszukano noty redakcyjne, które następnie zostały przeanalizowane ze względu na prezentowaną w nich tematykę odnośnie do rad naukowych czasopism. Na podstawie wykonanej analizy stwierdzono duży potencjał not redakcyjnych w przedmiotowym zakresie. Noty redakcyjne były i są wykorzystywane przez redakcje do informowania o radach naukowych czasopism. Tematykę not opisano na przykładzie cyklu życia rady naukowej czasopisma. Przedstawiono także katalog kilkudziesięciu tematów w badanym zakresie. Katalog ten stanowi wartość dodaną niniejszej pracy i może być przydatny redakcjom i wydawcom czasopism w planowaniu rozwoju czasopisma.
Słowo i obraz jako budulec książki do wrożb. O strategiach protoemblematycznych w staropolskim sortilegium Stanisława z Bochnie
Authors: Kiliańczyk-Zięba Justyna
Published: April 2022

W 1532 roku drukarnia Hieronima Wietora w Krakowie wytłoczyła Fortunę… Stanisława z Bochnie (Gąsiorka, Kleryki). Tom współtworzyły słowa i obrazy – teksty i drzeworyty. Autorka analizuje role, które przeznaczono im w budowie dzieła (i drukowanej książki), oraz zastanawia się nad sposobami ich wykorzystania do stworzenia sortilegium. W tekście zwrócono także uwagę na tradycję symboliczną i dziedzictwo średniowiecznej alegorezy, które wyzyskane zostały w książce do wróżb. Analizując ikonografię drzeworytów Fortuny… i strukturę drukowanego tomu, podjęto także próbę usytuowania Fortuny… wobec nowożytnej emblematyki i emblematycznej mentalności, które przejawiły się w pracy Stanisława z Bochnie.
Polish Jesuit books from the Riga Jesuit College Library (1583–1621) in the context of Polish and Latvian cultural and historical heritage
Authors: Kreigere-Liepiņa Laura
Published: April 2022

The Riga Jesuit College library (1583‒1621) is one of the libraries relocated by Swedish King Gustav II Adolf from Riga to Sweden in 1621 and donated to the newly founded library at Uppsala University. The Riga Jesuit College was an institution in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, where a strong alliance existed between the Jesuits in Poland and Livonia. They held the same beliefs, had common duties, and used many of the same books. The library consisted of many Polish editions and books from Polish Jesuit colleges, and formed a significant element of the intellectual milieu of the Riga Jesuit College. The Polish books reveal connections between the book trade and exchanges among colleges. Many unique copies from the old Riga Jesuit library are well preserved in the Uppsala University Library, while a few copies are found in major libraries in Poland, as well as in Lithuania and other countries. The goal of this article is to detail the former Jesuit library’s valuable book collection, with references to specific Polish authors, books and prominent persons, and their links with the Riga Jesuit College library.
Czech Book History up to 1800 Online
Authors: Veselá Lenka , Marek Jindřich
Published: April 2022

This article describes the Knihověda.cz portal, which represents an essential infrastructure for esearching Czech book history until 1800. The portal includes three parts: its core consists of a atabase comprised of five partial bibliographic databases. This interface contains complete data on printed Bohemica and manuscripts created before 1800 and a modern bibliography for research into Czech book history. The second element of the portal is Map of Printed Production in Bohemia and Moravia up to 1800, which provides interactive access to known printed editions dating back to the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period in the territory of today’s Czech Republic; it also allows for their visualisation according to various criteria. The third element created within the project is the online Encyclopaedia of Books in the Czech Middle Ages and Early Modern Period; its explanation of book history can serve educational purposes at both high schools and universities. A use case study of the history of books from the Rudolfinian period in the Czech lands (1576–1612) supplements the information provided about the portal.
Adaptively robust nonlinear model predictive control based on attack identification
Authors: Braun Sarah , Albrecht Sebastian , Lucia Sergio
Published: April 2022

Robust model predictive control (MPC) is an essential tool for control systems under uncertainty as it allows for constraint satisfaction even if disturbances occur. When a system suffers malicious attacks, in contrast to parametric uncertainties or known systems faults, it is difficult to specify tight uncertainty ranges within which possible disturbances lie. In this case, very conservative solutions or even infeasible problems are obtained. To address this issue, we propose an adaptively robust MPC scheme that adjusts the uncertainty ranges to available knowledge about the attackers. To this end, we combine a recently proposed method identifying unknown attacks on nonlinear systems with a multi-stage approach to robust MPC. We illustrate the potential of the method in a numerical case study with a distributed nonlinear system.
VO2 metasurface smart thermal emitter with high visual transparency for passive radiative cooling regulation in space and terrestrial applications
Authors: Sun Kai , Xiao Wei , Wheeler Callum , Simeoni Mirko , Urbani Alessandro , Gaspari Matteo , Mengali Sandro , de Groot C.H. (Kees) , Muskens Otto L.
Published: April 2022

Smart radiative cooling devices based on thermochromic materials such as vanadium dioxide (VO2) are of practical interest for temperature regulation and artificial homeostasis, i.e., maintaining stable equilibrium conditions for survival, both in terrestrial and space applications. In traditional solar reflector configurations, solar absorption in the VO2 layer is a performance limiting factor due to the multiple reflections of sunlight in the stack. Here, we demonstrate a visually transparent, smart radiator panel with reduced solar absorption. An Al-doped ZnO transparent conducting oxide layer acts as a frequency selective infrared back-reflector with high transmission of solar radiation. In this study we make use of high-quality VO2 thin films deposited using atomic layer deposition and optimized annealing process. Patterning of the VO2 layer into a metasurface results in a further reduction of the solar absorption parameter α to around 0.3, while exhibiting a thermal emissivity contrast Δε of 0.26 by exploiting plasmonic enhancement effects. The VO2 metasurface provides a visual spectrum transmission of up to 62%, which is of interest for a range of applications requiring visual transparency. The transparent smart metasurface thermal emitter offers a new approach for thermal management in both space and terrestrial radiative cooling scenarios.
Chemical substitution in processes for inherently safer design: pros and cons
Authors: Khan Easir A. , Syeda Sultana R.
Published: April 2022

The aim of chemical substitution is to replace hazardous chemicals with a less hazardous alternative in a certain product or process to make it safer for human health and the environment. While a lot has been done by researchers, industries and regulatory bodies on chemical substitution for safer products, very little has been reported in the field of safer processes. On the other hand, chemical substitution is one of the core principles of inherently safer design, a concept frequently used in the chemical industry for the prevention of major accidents. This work presents an analysis of implementing chemical substitution methodology for safer processes through inherently safer design. Chemical industries, nowadays, are frequently asked to phase out hazardous chemicals from their processes. This paper provides an insight into the issues and practicability of chemical substitution in processes with the help of case studies and a review of the existing frameworks of inherently safer design.
The beginnings of chemistry: from ancient times until 1661
Authors: Szydło Zbigniew A.
Published: April 2022

Magical natural phenomena, human ingenuity and craftsmanship have evolved into the grand science of chemistry. The story of this process is described through a series of landmark developments: technical chemistry and chemical ideas in the Ancient World, natural philosophy in Ancient Greece, early chemical ideas and technology in Arabia, India and China, the rise of alchemy in Alexandria and its spread to Arabia and subsequently to Europe, the Chinese invention of gunpowder, the growth of alchemy in Europe and the alchemists’ quest to transmute base metals into gold, Michael Sendivogius and his trailblazing alchemical treatise which refocused alchemical investigations onto a new path, the demise of alchemy and its replacement by important new ideas, which were outlined by Robert Boyle during the middle of the seventeenth century.
Alternative model of the communication process: a theoretical proposal
Authors: Socorro Márquez Félix Oscar
Published: April 2022

The main objective of this study is to propose, from a theoretical approach, an alternative model of the communication process that includes intentionality, interest, identification, and exchange as part of the internal process of decoding the message experienced by the receiver. The proposal includes the subdivision of the responses offered by the receiver into two possible categories: one simple (short-term), which can mean the programmed response to a specific code; and another complex (long-term), which can mean a change and/or significant transformation in different aspects associated with the recipient. Through a qualitative methodology, with emphasis on documentary review, and inferential and deductive reasoning, the proposed theoretical model has been developed and explained, highlighting the added value that it could offer to the understanding of communication.
Ultrasonic measurement and methods for reconstruction of temperature fields for the use in bioreactors
Authors: Schwarz Michael , Zagar Bernhard G.
Published: April 2022

When operating bioreactors, monitoring the process temperature is of great importance. Ultrasonic temperature measurement enables this without the need for sensors inside the bioreactor. The average speed of sound can be determined from the travel time of ultrasonic waves along the path of known length between a transmitter and a receiver positioned in the reactor wall. Due to the temperature dependence of the speed of sound, the average temperature along the path can be calculated from the average speed of sound. If this measurement is carried out for a sufficiently large number of measurement paths in a slice plane of the bioreactor, the temperature field in this plane can be reconstructed.

In this article, a measurement setup for measuring temperature distributions is presented. Two different methods are then used to reconstruct temperature fields from the travel times measured with this setup. The first method is the Tikhonov regularization, which is widely used to solve inverse problems. The second method is derived from compressed sensing and can only be used under certain conditions. However, if these conditions are met, this method always provides better results than Tikhonov regularization. In addition to reconstruction results from measured travel times, results from simulated travel times are also presented.
Utilizing response surface methodology to evaluate the process parameters of indigenous cucumber fermentation
Authors: Gül Hazal , Güngörmüşler Mine
Published: April 2022

Commercial pickled cucumbers are produced in variety of salt concentrations including brines up to 15% sodium chloride due to the preventive nature of the salt towards microbial growth. Although it is deemed necessary for manufacturers to utilize high amounts of salts to prolong shelf life, the high content creates a burden for the growth of beneficial microorganisms including probiotics. In this study, the production of naturally fermented cucumbers and their microbial viability were tested with the help of an experimental design tool, Box-Behnken Design (BBD), to evaluate the optimal conditions for the production process and to maintain the highest viability of potential beneficial microorganisms during storage. Accordingly, the operational conditions including salt concentration (2, 5, or 8%), fermentation temperature (20, 25, or 30 °C), and brine filling (pretreatment) temperature (80, 85, or 90 °C) were optimized with a significant fit to a quadratic model (p < 0.05). The trends for sugar consumption and total acid production were monitored to demonstrate the correlation between the above-mentioned operational parameters for the fermentation process of pickled cucumbers with indigenous microorganisms. Overall, 5% salt content, 70 °C filling temperature and 25 °C fermentation medium was determined to maintain over 6 log cfu/mL viability. The results represent a valuable contribution to the pickle industry including a know-how of process parameters.
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF INTRAVASCULAR INHIBITION AND STIMULATION OF EXTRAVASCULAR THROMBOSIS
Authors:   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chernyshenko V. O,
Published: April 2022

The hemostasis system is designed to maintain a balance between the processes of blood clotting, anticoagulation, as well as fibrinolysis, to ensure constant effective blood circulation in the body and rapid cessation of bleeding in the event of their occurrence. The procoagulant potential of the hemostasis system is based on molecular mechanisms that lead to the formation of fibrin in the bloodstream, which is the framework of the thrombus, and to the aggregation of platelets — the basis of the thrombus body. The anticoagulant potential of blood plasma is provided by mechanisms aimed at inhibiting blood coagulation processes. Thorough study and understanding of these mechanisms will open up numerous treatments for pathologies associated with both intravascular thrombosis and bleeding of various origins. The purpose of this review is to analyze ways to prevent intravascular thrombosis and stimulate extravascular thrombosis. The review describes and analyzes available and promising means of thrombosis prevention, in particular, direct and indirect anticoagulants and antiplatelets, as well as methods of effective stimulation of thrombosis, which is necessary in case of vascular damage. The result of this analysis is to determine the nodal points of the protein network of the hemostasis system, the action of which by specific molecular effectors will control the process of thrombosis.
TRANSFORMATION MEDIATED BY Agrobacterium rhizogenes AS APPROACH OF STIMULATING THE SYNTHESIS OF ANTIOXIDANT COMPOUNDS IN Artemisia absinthium L.
Authors:   Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Olkhovska A. I.
Published: April 2022

Artemisia absinthium L. plants are known as producers of substances with antioxidant properties. Among others, phenols and flavonoids are found in these plants. The synthesis of these bioactive compounds can be activated by genetic transformation. This process can be carried out even without the transfer of specific genes involved in the synthesis of flavonoids. Thus, “hairy” roots, obtained after Agrobacterium rhizogenes – mediated transformation, can produce a variety of valuable substances. The aim of the study was to obtaine A. absinthium “hairy” roots with high phenolic content. Methods. “Hairy” roots of plants were obtained by co-cultivation leaves with suspension of A. rhizogenes with pCB124 vector. The presence of transferred genes was confirmed by PCR. The reactions with AlCl3 and Folin-Ciocalteu reagent were used to determine the total flavonoids and phenols content. The antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results. PCR analysis detected the presence of bacterial rol genes and the absence of рСВ124 plasmid genes. Root lines differed in growth rate. “Hairy” roots were characterized by a higher phenolic content, particularly flavonoids (up to 4.784 ± 0.10 mg/g FW) compared to control (3.861±0.13 mg/g FW). Also, extracts from transgenic roots demonstrated higher antioxidant activity in the reaction with DPPH reagent (EC50 = 3.657 mg) when compared with extracts from control plants (EC50 = 6,716 mg). Conclusions. Transformation of A. absinthium mediated by A. rhizogenes can be applied for obtaining transgenic root lines with increased phenolic content and higher antioxidant activity.
Isto não é um ensaio
Authors: Rodrigues Talita Jordina
Published: April 2022

Este trabalho pretende estabelecer um diálogo entre temas e autores que aparentemente não pertencem a um mesmo grupo, ou seja, não se relacionam de maneira natural. Os temas são a lógica e a literatura e os autores são Jorge Luis Borges e José Saramago. A discussão proposta parte de uma conferência do autor português a respeito do autor argentino, intitulada Algumas provas da existência real de Herbert Quain. A partir de uma análise detalhada desse texto, é possível observar que ele vai muito além daquilo que aparentemente se propõe: fazer uma homenagem a um autor e sua obra. Na verdade, o que Saramago faz de maneira engenhosa é tomar elementos propriamente borgeanos para falar a respeito de Borges, ou seja, sua homenagem não se restringe ao plano semântico, mas também se apresenta na forma. Incluindo ferramentas argumentativas da matemática e da filosofia, temas muito caros a Borges, Saramago constrói uma espécie de jogo no qual emergem discussões que vão da relação pouco natural entre as ciências exatas e humanas até os trânsitos entre os universos do real e do ficcional.
Lion is Hungry, and the Chameleon does not Eat
Authors: Shemesh Abraham Ofir
Published: April 2022

The Midrashic literature relates to several lacunae in the story of Noah’s ark in the biblical text and presents the reader with a wider narrative that includes educational and theological messages. The current study focuses on how the Midrashim combine various species of animals in the narrative of the flood. While the text does not note any of the animals by name, aside from the raven and the dove that have a role in the events, the Midrashic literature reports a list of animals that entered the ark. The animals are mentioned in the process of retelling the events, rather than in order to fill the zoological vacuum in the story. Aggadic homilies mention approximately fifteen animal species and they are documented in the context of each of the story’s stages: the preparations for living in the ark, the stage of entering the ark, and the life in the ark during the flood.
Rooftop rainwater harvesting and artificial roundwater recharge - a case study: Thanh Xuan district in south of Hanoi
Authors: Tran Thi Luu , Nguyen Thi Thu Hien
Published: April 2022

Groundwater over-exploitation in the south of Hanoi has formed depression cones and accelerated land subsidence. Thanh Xuan district is one of the most suffered areas in the south of Hanoi. Artificial groundwater recharge (AGR) is an effective solution to mitigate those negative impacts. This study aims to evaluate the potential of rooftop rainwater harvesting (RRH) for AGR in the Thanh Xuan district. The prospect of RRH for the study area is estimated based on the average annual rainfall for the period 2008-2018 and the total rooftop area of selected buildings. The rooftop area is determined by analyzing satellite images and using the built-in tool in Google Earth. Field site investigation and measurements confirmed this estimation. Rainwater samples were taken for quality assessment. This assessment was conducted by measuring pH, EC, TDS, turbidity of rainwater in the field and analyzing NO3-, NO2-, PO43-, SO42- and Cl- contents in the laboratory. Moreover, to propose an effective AGR system, the maximum harvested rainwater and the recharge capacity of an injection well were estimated for the Golden Land building. The results show that 397 selected buildings can be used to collect rainwater. The total rooftop area of these 397 buildings is 262,645.8 m2, and that can contain 385,930.5 m3 of rainwater a year. The field measurement and analysis results indicate that rainwater quality meets the current standards appropriate for AGR. The AGR using rooftop rainwater will contribute to increasing groundwater level, reducing land subsidence, and mitigating urban flooding for Thanh Xuan and similar areas.
Recurrent respiratory infections in children based on evidence-based medicine
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2022

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The Impact of the Size of Enterprises on Tax Evasion in the Forestry Industry of Russia
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Labunets Iu. E. , Mayburov I. A. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

The problem of low tax revenues and a large shadow sector is relevant to many countries and industries, and the forestry industry in Russia is no exception. This study examines the forms of tax evasion in various segments of the forestry industry to evaluate the impact of the size of businesses and the level of tax audit risk on the frequency of same-type tax responses. The hypothesis is that same-type tax responses in the form of tax evasion are observed in businesses of all sizes of the forestry industry. The frequency of these tax responses correlates with the level of tax audit risk. The representative sample of micro-, small and mid-sized businesses comprises 7,910 enterprises. For each enterprise included in the sample we calculated the level of tax audit risk for the period of 2017-2020. Audit risk was calculated as a cumulative indicator of the incidence of non-compliance, which was detected by comparing the calculated and normative values of the criteria described in the Federal Tax Service’s Concept of the System of Planning of On-Site Tax Audits. The study found that the businesses of all sizes from all sectors of the forestry industry resorted to tax evasion. The specific forms and structural elements of their responses were described. The correlation and regression analysis has shown that there is a strong direct relationship between the level of tax audit risk and the frequency of same-type tax responses. The occurrence of same-type tax responses points to the weaker impact of economic factors within the traditional model of tax behaviour. These findings can be of interest to the tax authorities and policy-makers seeking to raise tax revenues collected from enterprises of the Russian forestry industry.