bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the first COVID-19 pandemic wave on the Scottish Multiple Sclerosis Register population
Authors: Fernandes Peter M. , O'Neill Martin , Kearns Patrick K.A. , Pizzo Sinforosa , Watters Chrissie , Baird Stuart , MacDougall Niall J.J. , Hunt David P.J.
Published: November 2020

Background: The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on people with multiple sclerosis (MS) is a major current concern, in particular the risk of death. Here we describe the impact of the first wave of COVID-19 infections (Mar 2020-July 2020) on the Scottish MS Register (SMSR) population, a cohort of 4702 individuals with MS, all newly diagnosed in the past decade.

Methods: We established a clinician alert system, linking the SMSR with the Electronic Communication of Surveillance in Scotland (ECOSS). This allows identification of patients within this cohort who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. The SMSR was also linked to death records from National Records Scotland.

Results: Of 4702 people with MS, 246 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR tests were performed, of which 17 were positive. The proportion of positive tests were similar to the general Scotland population (Observed PCR confirmed cases = 17, expected = 17.5, O/E = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.60 – 1.56, p=.90). Between 1st March – 31st July 2020 12 individuals on the SMSR died, 5 of which were linked to COVID-19 (1 PCR confirmed, 4 clinical diagnoses without PCR confirmation). This number of COVID-19-related deaths was higher than expected (observed deaths = 5, expected deaths = 1.2, O/E = 4.03, 95% CI = 1.48 – 8.94, p=.01). All COVID-19-related deaths in the SMSR occurred in individuals with advanced disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale ≥7), and no deaths occurred in patients receiving disease modifying therapy (DMT) therapies.

Conclusion: In this nationally comprehensive cohort of MS patients diagnosed in Scotland within the past 10 years, we observed similar rates of PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to the general Scottish population, but a small number of excess COVID-19 related deaths. These deaths occurred in individuals with advanced disability who were not receiving DMTs.
World economy and international economic relations
Authors: Baburina Ol'ga
Published: November 2020

The main provisions of the theory of the world economy and international economic relations are presented. The strengthening of the integrity of the world economy is justified. The most important indicators from the point of view of system analysis are given. The concepts, concepts and dynamics of development of key forms of international economic relations are revealed. The construction of the balance of payments of various countries is analyzed. In the proposed publication, to control the level of mastering the discipline on each topic, tests, topics of reports and abstracts are given, practice-oriented tasks are developed based on objective statistical data of recent years. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For bachelors studying in the field of Economics, it can be useful for teachers who lead the disciplines "World economy", "World economy and international economic relations", as well as for anyone interested in the processes taking place in the modern world economic system and the role of Russia in it.
Organization of production and entrepreneurship in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Golovach Valentina , Turchaeva Irina
Published: November 2020

The textbook reveals the main categories and concepts in the field of organization of production and entrepreneurship in the field of agro-industrial complex. Special attention is paid to the issues of primary production planning in agricultural organizations and their divisions using process maps. Each section of the manual contains the main theoretical provisions, practical tasks with methodological recommendations, control questions in order to better assimilate the educational material. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for studying the discipline "Organization of production and entrepreneurship in the agro-industrial complex" in the preparation of students of higher educational institutions studying in the direction 35.03.04 "agronomy". It can also be useful for students of other agricultural fields of training and specialties of higher educational institutions, as well as for economists, managers, other employees of agricultural organizations, teachers, etc.
Fundamentals of the evidentiary process in the light of judicial practice in criminal cases
Authors: Bryanskaya Elena , Altunina Anna
Published: November 2020

The monograph gives an idea of the process of proof in a criminal case. The process of proof is the driving force behind all criminal proceedings. In this regard, issues related to the concept, types and nature of evidence, their recognition as inadmissible, and their argumentative power are considered. The article presents the material that reveals the stages of the proof process. It is addressed to students, undergraduates, postgraduates, researchers and practitioners specializing in criminal evidence.
Technology and equipment for the production of semi-finished products of wooden housing construction and special types of saw products
Authors: Mehrencev Andrey , Men'shikov Boris
Published: November 2020

It consists of two main sections. The first section provides information about the properties of wood as a wall material used for the construction of baths, houses, cottages. The device of the equipment is considered, structural and technological schemes of sites and shops for the production of semi-finished products for wooden housing construction are given. In the second section, various areas of processing of Humpbacks for various types of saw products are considered, including those that were not previously produced from them - profile milled parts, pallets, etc. Compiled in accordance with the Federal state educational standards of higher education in the areas of bachelor's and master's degree 35.03.02, 35.04.02 "Technology of logging and wood processing industries". It will be useful for students of the "forest Engineering" profile when completing course work and the corresponding sections of the final qualification work, as well as for students of secondary vocational education. It can be used by institutions engaged in professional training within the framework of professional standards and additional professional education.
History of Russian literature of XX-XXI centuries
Authors: Serafimova Vera
Published: November 2020

The textbook consists of review and monographic chapters, presents a modern view of the literary process of the XX-beginning of the XXI century, examines the work of poets, prose writers, playwrights who caused an extraordinary rise in spirituality and culture of the period under consideration. The analysis of the top works of Nobel prize winners: I. Bunin, B. Pasternak, M. Sholokhov, A. Solzhenitsyn, V. Shalamov, I. Brodsky, writers-front — line poets and prose writers is given. Attention is paid to the work of writers of Russian emigration. The section "Modern prose" includes materials about philosophical and aesthetic searches in the works of such writers As V. Rasputin, L. Borodin, Yu. Polyakov, B. Ekimov, A. Bitov, V. Makanin, A. Kabakov, V. Tokareva, etc. It offers questions and tasks for independent work, topics of essays, term papers and theses, a list of bibliographic sources. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for students of higher educational institutions.
Terminology Literacy in the Context of the Implementation of the Teaching Concept for the Subject Area «Technology»
Authors: Kazakevich V. , Pichugina G.
Published: November 2020

An overview of the concept-terminology apparatus of the subject area "Technology" is given in the context of the implementation of the new concept of its teaching. The thesaurus of the subject area "Technology" is proposed, which includes refined concepts related both to the updated subject content and to the teaching methods.
Inculturation and Socialization of Students with Disabilities of Health by Means of Digital Educational Resources
Authors: Shafranova O.
Published: November 2020

One of the most obvious trends in the development of modern Russia is the development of the practice of inclusive education at all its levels. However, there are limitations that inhibit this process. In addition to objective limitations (insufficient material and technical equipment of modern educational institutions with special equipment, lack of financial investments in education to create a genuine barrier-free environment, etc.), subjective limitations associated with the lack of willingness of higher education teachers to work in an inclusive educational environment. The introduction of design technology and the use of digital educational resources for the inculturation and socialization of students with disabilities can solve this problem.
Occupational Orientation of Students in Terms of Distance Learning
Authors: Bakurova N.
Published: November 2020

This article analyses the system of occupational orientation of modern students, its impact on the country's economy and the labor market. The main problems of pre-university training arising during the transition of educational organizations to distance learning are revealed. The main ideas of using digital technologies in career guidance activities are justified.
Transformation of Secondary Vocational Education in the Context of a Pandemic
Authors: Romanchenko A. , Romanchenko M.
Published: November 2020

The article discusses possible options for building an effective educational process in the context of a separate remote training format, which is a consequence of the spread of a pandemic that affects the work of educational institutions of secondary vocational education. Key trends that can affect a radical change and reorganization of the secondary vocational education system in the near future are noted, the activities of educational institutions in solving problematic issues related to providing enterprises with demanded specialists in new conditions are analyzed. The promising areas of activity of educational institutions in terms of the implementation of the digital environment are determined and evaluated. The potential possibility of increasing the efficiency of the educational process as a priority task of modern society is analyzed.
COMPOSITION OF SOIL MICROMYCETES IN DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF SOIL MAINTENANCE IN GRAPE PLANTATIONS
Authors: Luk'yanov Aleksey
Published: November 2020

The aim of the research was to study the composition of soil micromycetes with different systems of soil maintenance on vine plantations. The studies were carried out in the farms of Anapa district of Krasnodar Kray according to generally accepted methods in soil science and mycology. The scientific novelty lies in the insufficient knowledge of soil fungi of ampelocenoses under conditions of increased anthropogenic impact. As a result of research in 2019, it was found that the largest number of colony-forming units of micromycetes in the soil was observed in the variant with sodding. The number of КОЕ in 1 gram of absolutely dry soil in the variant with sodding in May exceeded the variant with black fallow by 5 times, and in August by 2 times. Species diversity was represented by 11 species belonging to 8 genera: Mucor, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Vertecillium. In the complex of the isolated micromycetes in the variant with sodding in the spring, the species of r. Trichoderma. Its frequency of occurrence was 80%. On the black fallow in this period, the dominant position was occupied by the species of the r. Penicillium (30.4%). In the summer period, in the variant with turfing, the species of the genera Fusarium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Vertecillium were isolated with a higher frequency of occurrence, while the dominant position was occupied by species of the r. Penicillium (27.4%). In the variant with the system of soil maintenance, black fallow species dominated Penicillium and Aspergillus. The number of micromycetes in the soils of ampelocenoses depends on the system of soil maintenance and environmental conditions, while a regrouping of the species composition of fungi is observed.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOTOXICITY OF EXTRACTS OF SOME SPECIES OF GENUS CENTAUREA PLANTS
Authors: Rahmaeva Adelya , Gumerova Syumbelya Kamilevna Syumbelya , Terenzhev Dmitriy , Sharonova Natalya , Ficev Igor'
Published: November 2020

The article presents data on the phytochemical composition and biological activity of extracts of plants of the genus Cornflower (Centaurea L.) - blue cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.), meadow cornflower (Centaurea jacea L.), rough cornflower (Centaurea scabiosa L.), which are typical representatives flora of the middle zone of the Russian Federation, to assess the potential effectiveness of their use as plant protection drugs against phytopathogenic infections. The ethanol extracts were obtained by maceration of freshly harvested flowers, followed by filtration of the extract and concentration with the help of a rotary evaporator. The chemical composition of ethanol extracts was studied with the help of the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the components differed depending on the plant types. The largest number of compounds was identified in the plant extract of cornflower rough, the seven components prevailing – coumaran, L-arctigenin, stigmasterol, γ-sitosterol, α-amyrin, β-amyrin and tocopherol acetate. The bacteriostatic, bactericidal and fungicidal properties of the extracts varied over a wide concentration range of 0.6...20 mg/ml. The highest indicators of antibacterial activity were found in the rough cornflower - the minimum inhibiting and bactericidal concentrations were 0.6…5 mg/ml, the lowest in the meadow cornflower - 5...20 mg/ml, respectively. Clavibacter michiganensis was characterized by the highest sensitivity to the components of plant extracts. In the case of the phytopathogenic fungus, the growth-inhibiting antimicrobial activity of cornflower extracts was the same for all studied species, and the fungicidal activity was most pronounced in the meadow cornflower - the effective concentration was 1 mg/ml. Presowing treatment with ethanol extracts had an inhibitory effect on the germination of test plant seeds: at a concentration of 1 mg/ml, the germination of watercress decreased by 8...42% compared to the control, 10 mg/ml - by 30...100%. Presowing seed treatment inhibited the linear growth of watercress roots by 35...52% and the accumulation of raw biomass of seedlings and roots by 23...89%.
DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL BASIS OF THE INTERIOR CONTROL OF ENTERPRISE FINANCIAL RESULTS
Authors: Zakirova Alsu , Klychova Guzaliya , Dyatlova Angelina , Yusupova Al'fiya , Gimadiev Ildus
Published: November 2020

The presence or absence of an efficiently functioning internal control system at an enterprise has a significant impact on the success of business development, increasing competitiveness, developing an information system, improving the quality of accounting and analytical support for the enterprise management system. Internal control is the basis for effective management of enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy. In this case, the following basic conditions must be met: the activities of the enterprise must comply with the adopted strategy and mission; it is necessary to ensure the financial and economic stability of the enterprise; primary information should contribute to successful leadership and effective management decisions. With the help of the internal control system, directions for improving the financial and economic activities of the enterprise are determined, procedures are determined that allow maximizing profits, and rational distribution of costs is ensured. To develop the theoretical foundations of internal control, the article proposes a conceptual model of the internal control system for financial results. An effectively functioning organizational model of internal control includes a set of goals, objectives, principles, subjects, objects, tools, standards of internal control, its regulatory and information support, documenting the control process, information support of the management system, and making effective management decisions. The toolkit for internal control of financial results is a complex mechanism that integrates and coordinates specific tools (methods) for the formation of information support for the management system. The results of research can be used to create and improve the internal control system aimed at ensuring the efficient and continuous operation of the enterprise; conceptual provisions can be applied in the development of regulations, methods and procedures for internal control.
VITTORIO GREGOTTI: IL TERRITORIO DELL’ARCHITETTURA
Authors: Plaza Morillo Carlos
Published: November 2020

La obra de Vittorio Gregotti (1927-2020, t. 1952) tenía ya un papel destacado en la historia de la arquitectura, no solamente italiana, antes de su fallecimiento este mismo año como una de las numerosas víctimas de la pandemia global.

Publicado en la colección Materiali de la editorial Feltrinelli, que albergaba escritos de especialistas para el gran público, el libro en su conjunto no indaga en el territorio como nueva escala de trabajo de la arquitectura, un argumento al que solamente dedica una de las cuatro partes. Por el contrario, se concentra en la búsqueda del territorio de la arquitectura entendido como su espacio y su papel en la cultura moderna, aceptando, de partida, su conexión con la sociedad, las artes y la literatura y reconociendo la condición del arquitecto como un intelectual más que materializa sus propuestas a través del proyecto de arquitectura.

Sin ánimo de actualizar anacrónicamente el libro, sino con la intención de historiarlo en su propia época, esta recensión histórica de un texto vivo, a la vez que rinde el debido homenaje, muestra que la cuestión que el libro planteaba y la curiosidad intelectual que movía a Gregotti a mediados de los sesenta están aún plenamente vigentes.
„Przekład jako doświadczenie obcego” w kontekście przekładów literatury fantasy
Authors: Pamięta‑Borkowska Joanna
Published: November 2020

„The translation as the experience of the foreign” in the context of translations of fantasy literature

Translation as the experience of the foreign is understood either as the relation of what is domestic to the foreign or as an experience for the foreign itself. According to a thesis of Anton Popovič, the readers expect and want the translation to be a foreign product when viewed against the native works. On the ground of theoretical reflections of Popovič and Bergmann an attempt was made to show the propriety of occurrences of the foreign elements in Polish and Russian fantasy literature, and above all, the fulfillment of the intentions of the authors of original works in translation. Words and phrases that are connected with the occultism and folklore were analyzed, as well as elements of local dialects that contributed to specific vocabulary that create the flavor of characters. These are the elements of the presented world: names of nations, phenomena and objects, monsters and mythical beings. The mentioned elements were extracted from both the original and translated texts and examined for maintenance of the tone of the original. Afterwards a division was made into the elements preserved, dropped or changed in translation. The final conclusions relate to the intertextual tradition of the fantasy literature.
Hadżi Dimityr Christo Botewa – obce elementy kulturowe w polskich przekładach
Authors: Gołek‑Sepetliewa Dorota
Published: November 2020

Hadzhi Dimitar by Hristo Botev – the foreign cultural elements in Polish translations

The famous poetic work by Bulgarian artist Christo Botev – the romantic ballad Hadzhi Dimitar is full of foreign cultural elements that are recognized by Polish readers. This poem is an important center in the Bulgarian national discourse, inspired by southslavic folklore, strongly influenced by the hajduk‑legend, it mythologizes important Bulgarian historical event (the death of Hadzhi Dimitar and Stefan Karadzha on Mount Buzludzha). The analysis and interpretation of the original text and two polish translations by Z. Wolnikówna and W. Broniewski, allow to answer the following questions: if translators are intermediaries and interpreters of the elements of a foreign culture? Which strategies are used by translators to effective communication between the Bulgarian and Polish cultures? Do translations give a fair and accurate representation of the original poem?
FLEXIBLE FORM OF EMPLOYMENT: PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Barhatov Viktor , Kapkaev Yuner , Isaeva Anna
Published: November 2020

The need for the study is justified by the development of flexible forms of employment in the economy with new job opportunities for the international division of labor. The paper analyzed new job opportunities and risks associated with flexible form of employment for the workers, employers and the state individually as well as in relation to each other. The study investigated the future prospects of flexible forms of employment along with its impact on the economic opportunities for the enterprises and workers and conclusion has been drawn. The impact of flexible employment was also investigated on the welfare of the population and the development of national economies in the context of globalization. Three forms of flexible employment: temporal flexibility, spatial flexibility and functional flexibility have been identified to achieve the research goal.

The prospects of flexible form of employment for the enterprise and employee were assessed based on the subjective approach. The rapid assessment and empirical analysis method were used to track the population dynamics and their interest in flexible forms of employment. The results show that the increase in the share of flexible employment in the economy is justified by the increased importance of creative labor in the labor market. Flexible workers represent a diverse population group in terms of the socio-economic structure. The active development of flexible forms of employment has been considered as a manifestation of the self-regulating economy and as a form of adaptation of the population to the changing socio-economic situation. The new agile business integration can reduce the costs of hiring a full-time employee and increases employees’ motivation level. The state needs to institutionalize new forms of employment in order to ensure the competitiveness of the national economy and to ensure budget revenues.
THE IMPACT FACTORS ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT SUCCESS IN GLOBAL TEAMS: THE CASE OF COMPANY “X” PROJECTS
Authors: Sluka Inese , Brence Sintija
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, with globalization and the development of information technology, global teams are one of the fastest growing types of teams. Communication technology capabilities have significantly reduced the cost of team management and remote collaboration. Current management science has a broad theoretical basis for managing teams that are physically located in one place, but there is much less understanding of how leaders can effectively manage global teams.

Company X is a global management consulting, technology services and outsourcing company. All company projects have virtual teams and participants from different countries

The goal of this research is to identify and study the factors that influence the success of global project team management and operations in Company X.

The research provides answers to the following questions: 1) Which factors impact the project management success  at global company X?; 2) What is the impact of a team member’s role and experience on project management success at company X?; 3) What are the cultural differences within the project teams?

The data was collected from a survey of two global teams (n=31) at global company X. Team members represent three cultures: Finnish, Indian and Latvian. The analyzed factors were communication, remote communication tools, roles and rules, and trust and cooperation in a multicultural environment. Communication, remote communication tools, and roles and rules showed a statistically significant impact on project management success in global teams.  The current role of team members has a negative effect on project management success.

No statistically significant differences between cultures were found which supports Cultural Convergence Theory which suggests that two cultures will be more and more like each other as their interactions increase.
BLACK SWAN EVENT: AN EVIDENCE FROM CHINA’S ECONOMICS EFECTS
Authors: Stavrova Elena , Paskaleva Mariya , Stoykova Ani
Published: November 2020

The prognosis of upcoming crises and the course of actually understanding them is increasingly becoming a major subject of discussions in pursuit of reliable indicators. The trade war between the United States and China, along with the COVID-19 pandemic are two events that took place in the Chinese economy with the aforementioned characteristics of the Black swan phenomenon, to which this latest professional analysis is devoted. The objective of this research is to examine the response of the Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite (SSEC) index, in addition to its relation with macroeconomic variables contributing towards a possible Black Swan Event. We employ an econometric methodology comprising of a unit root test, descriptive statistics, linear regression and correlation analysis for the period 2007-2019. Our results illustarte that the bubble from 2015, which is classified as a Black Swan event by many researchers, has a negative influence on the SSEC index. We can further deduce that there were some psychological effects on the Chinese stock market that lead to both, positive and negative trends of SSEC indices. The main findings confirmed that the Consumer Price Index, Exchange Rate, Interest Rate, Unemployment, GDP and Trade Balance were significantly elaborative macroeconomic variables, that had a substantial impact on the SSEC index.
POOL WATER OVERCHLORINATION IN TIMIS COUNTY, ROMANIA: CASE-STUDY
Authors: Petrescu Cristina , Muntean Calin
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study conducted was to investigate residual chlorine concentrations in pool water from Timis County, Romania over two years (2016-2017).

MATERIAL OF STUDY consisted of a sample of 50 pools from Timis County from which were collected and analyzed 154 water tests.

THE METHOD was an observational inquiry (case-study) of the residual chlorine concentrations considering spatial and temporal distribution and comparing with actual standards (4 groups of residual chlorine concentrations were considered).

RESULTS: Average concentrations of residual chlorine exceeded 0,5mg/l in 30 investigated pools. Monthly mean concentrations of residual chlorine exceeded 0.5mg/l 20 of the 24 months of the investigation period. The maximum value of residual chlorine monthly mean concentration was recorded in July, 2017 and the highest average concentration at the pool I3. An Anova Oneway analysis indicated a statistically significant difference (F=30.312, Sig.0.000) between the 4 groups of residual chlorine concentrations: over 1.5 mg/l / (0-0.5mg/l, Sig.000; 0.5-1mg/l, Sig.0.001, 1-1.5mg/l, Sig.0.009).

CONCLUSION: There is an over-chlorination of pool water of Timis County, Romania, with spatial and temporal variation and statistically significant differences between groups of residual chlorine concentrations.
DIAGNOSTIC POSSIBILITIES OF ANALYSIS OF THE MAP OF LINEAR BIREFRINGENCE OF THE CRYSTAL FRACTION OF VITREOUS BODY FOR ACCURATE DETERMINATION OF THE TIME SINCE DEATH
Authors: Sarkisova Yuliia , Bachynskіy Viktor , Palamar Alina , Palibroda Nadya , Patratii Maryna
Published: November 2020

Introduction: This paper discusses the possibility of polarization microscopic tomography of polycrystalline structure of vitreous body (VB) for use in forensics and in determining the time since death (TSD).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a new set of forensic criteria to enhance the functionality of the high-precision definition of TSD over a long period of time according to polarization microscopic tomography of the polycrystalline structure of the VB of the human eye by statistical and wavelet analysis.

Results: We obtained the numerical values of the change in the magnitude of the statistical moments of the 1-4 orders, which characterize the coordinate distributions of the magnitude of the linear birefringence (LB) of the polycrystalline component of the VB by the magnitude of the TSD. The results from our research illustrate the differences between the optical anisotropy of fibrillar collagen networks of VB layers with different TSD. The sensitivity range (36 hours) and accuracy (15 minutes) of the method of polarization tomography of the LB distributions of the polycrystalline component of the VB layers in the determined TSD were established.

Conclusion: These results confirm the experimental processes outlined accurately determine the time of death. In turn, will provide scientific evidence, specifications thereof, and objective expert opinion.
IMPACT OF ANXIETY AND TERROR OF DEATH ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS ON CHRONIC HEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Shevchuk-Kravchenko Olha , Penderetska Oksana , Garazdiuk Ivan , Garazdiuk Oleksandr , Bachynskiy Viktor
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to identify the terror of death and anxiety level in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving renal replacement therapy using chronic hemodialysis (HD) and to evaluate the impact of patients' psychological status on medical staff, selection of basic methods of psychotherapeutic care for patients in this category. We involved 37 patients, aged 33-72 years (mean, 45.6 ± 3.8 years). The duration of chronic HD ranged from 8 months to 10 years, with an average of 4.6 years. All the patients had a stable nutritional status, HD regimen and drug therapy for at least 3 months. To diagnose the psychological state of patients we used: the scale of self-assessment of the level of situational and personal anxiety (Spielberger-Hanin’s Scale), personal questionnaire for changes at the onset of HD therapy, elements of a clinical interview, image apperception test (simplified version of Thematic apperception test., Bechterev’s Institute Personal Questionnaire for Diagnosis of Type of Illness (LOBI), Locus of control and personal changes after initiation of HD therapy.

We found that the: adaptation of the patient to HD therapy is complicated due to the high degree of anxiety and maladaptive terror of death, which reduce the patient’s quality of life. The HD procedure increases the level of situational anxiety and requires psycho-correction. HD therapy requires activation of the patient's psychological protection mechanisms, since the dominant protective mechanisms of the psyche in this type of substitution treatment are displacement and negation. The inflexible and rigid use of the latter provokes maladaptive reactions when interacting with healthcare providers, a non-constructive approach to lifestyle choices, work-rest regime, and diet. Patients with a maladaptive mode of adjustment to HD therapy require psychotherapy assistance. There is a need to monitor the psychological status of not only patients, but also medical staff, which due to the specificity of the contingent increases the level of contingent own terror of death. Doctors of HD units require participation in mutual support groups.
LABORATORY DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF RENAL IMPAIRMENT IN PREMATURE NEWBORNS WITH SEVERE PERINATAL PATHOLOGY
Authors: Phrunza Alina , Hodovanets Yuliya , Babintseva Anastasiya , Kovtyuk Nataliya , Makarova Olena
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Critically ill neonates are at high risk of developing renal impairment (RI), including acute kidney injury (AKI), which is associated with short- and long-term pathological outcomes and increased mortality. The incidence of acute kidney injury varied by gestational age (GA) group.

Aim: Identify laboratory diagnostic criteria of RI in premature newborns (PNs) with different GA who had severe heterogeneous perinatal pathology.

Methods: The study was a prospective cohort of patients admitted electively to the III level Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the Clinical Maternity Hospital 2 (Chernivtsi, Ukraine) between December 2015 and January 2018. One hundred sixty three PNs were treated at the hospital, from which a total of 68 patients were recruited into the study. Inclusion criteria: the GA is more than 24 weeks and less than 37 weeks; birth body weight is more than 500 g and less than 2500 g; presence of clinical signs of severe perinatal pathology. The severity of the perinatal pathology was classified on the basis of the neonatal Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System. The PNs were divided into three groups according to the GA: Group I consisted of 25 newborns born at the GA of 24-31 weeks, Group II – 25 newborns born at the GA 32-33 weeks, Group III – 18 newborns were born in a GA of 34-36 weeks.

The levels of sodium, potassium, calcium and chlorine, alanine aminopeptidase, and aspartate aminopeptidase were measured in serum. The levels of creatinine and urea were measured in serum and urine. The concentration of total protein, albumin, α1-microglobulin, and β2-microglobulin was measured in urine.

Findings and results: All PNs had signs of severe perinatal pathology and a neonatal Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System score of 10 or higher during the early neonatal period. There was no statistically significant difference in most serum biochemical parameters between groups of the study, excluding the level of serum chlorine. Our results demonstrated no significant difference in levels of urinary total protein and albumin between groups of the study, but showed a progressive increase the level of urinary creatinine and urea with increasing GA. The maximum level of urinary β2-microglobulin was found in “Late-Preterm” newborns who were born at 34-36 weeks, the minimal level of urinary α1-microglobulin was detected in patients with GA 32-33 weeks.

Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that most PNs with severe perinatal pathology have some aspects of impaired tubular and glomerular functions. This is evidenced by changes in urinary new biomarkers. We found direct correlations between GA and serum creatinine (r=0.31, p<0.05), urinary creatinine (r=0.40, p<0.05), urinary α1-microglobulin (r=0.37, p<0.05), and urinary β2-microglobulin (r=0.51, p<0.05). Longer longitudinal cohort studies on PNs are required to determine the prognostic and diagnostic criteria of RI in these patients.
BURNOUT SYNDROME IN BULGARIAN PHARMACISTS – PILOT STUDY
Authors: Ivanova Mariya , Todorova Anna , Georgieva Lora
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Work in the field of healthcare is accompanied by considerable emotional tension. Pharmacists are at risk of professional burnout, but so far, there is very little scientific research in this professional group in Bulgaria.

Objective: To study the presence of Burnout Syndrome among Bulgarian pharmacists and perform an analysis according to the demographic characteristics of respondents.

Material and Methods: A pilot study was conducted for the presence of Burnout Syndrome among 142 pharmacists in Varna, Bulgaria, working in different areas of the pharmaceutical sector: pharmacies for public services, hospital pharmacies, pharmaceutical companies, higher education institution. The information was collected using an anonymous questionnaire that included the specialized Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) tool to examine professional burnout according to three subscales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment.

Results: Higher levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation were found in male respondents in comparison to women, while the values between the two genders were almost similar according to the professional achievement subscale. The most vulnerable group was the male group at the age of 31-40. Pharmacists over the age of 50 had lower levels of burnout as they had developed good habits to deal with stress.

Conclusion: Gaining professional experience in pharmacists is associated with an increase in the levels of professional burnout. High levels of depersonalisation are a prerequisite for worse quality of pharmaceutical care.
TESTING OF NATURAL INSULATION MATERIALS USING A CONICAL CALORIMETER
Authors: Horváthová Michael , Makovická Osvaldová Linda
Published: November 2020

This paper examines three types of natural insulation materials, such as fiberboard, hemp and straw, from the point of view of fire safety. Cellulose-based materials allow a wide range of applications when used for insulation and weatherproofing of buildings, in particular floors, roofs, ceilings, attics, sound barriers, etc. The use of these materials is increasing in ecological constructions as well as for weatherproofing wood-based structures. In terms of fire safety requirements, the question is: Which insulating material is the safest in terms of fire propagation? The article focuses on natural products used as external insulation systems which are covered by a facade plaster. Each type of insulation is briefly described in terms of its composition, use, and production process. We describe the process of preparation of samples as well as the testing and measurement procedures. Three tests were carried out for each type of material. For a more objective evaluation, results were averaged. The results of the cone calorimeter were used to obtain data for comparison. The aim is to clarify the behavior of the natural insulating material with regard to the heat release rate, ignition time, burning duration, and maximum heat release rate. These are the essential parameters for comparison. The values were compared to determine the safest material from the point of view of fire safety.
METHODOLOGICAL MODEL FOR ENHANCEMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL COMPETENCES OF STUDENTS THROUGH SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Nikolov Bogdan , Stankova Gergana , Tabak Atidzhe , Kateva Milena , Shamburova Radina , Dzhambazova Polina , Petrova Slaveya , Naydenova Vanya , Karagyozova-Dilkova Delka
Published: November 2020

The idea and practice of separate waste collection is widespread in Europe as an effective way of building public awareness of environmental responsibility. The study covers activities on the most current environmental topics: sustainable development, municipal waste, recycling, composting. The project provides opportunities for cooperation and interaction between students in a team organisation of cognitive activity, the implementation of active student learning, and constructivist design of training, which will increase the practical orientation of the acquired knowledge and competences. The project aims at developing an innovative curriculum, curriculum content, methodological model, and didactic materials for the education of high school students and to increase their environmental competence in sustainable waste management at school and in their households. As a result of the training activities following Kolb's cycle, the participants in the study have changed their behaviour with the tendency to reduce the wastes amount and the use of disposable packages.
PARTICIPATION OF INDIVIDUALS IN PUBLIC DECISIONS IN THE POLISH LEGAL SYSTEM-THE OUTLINE
Authors: Barczewska-Dziobek Agata
Published: November 2020

The idea of good governance is associated with the postulate of participatory and interactive democracy. This results in the appearance in the legal system of solutions reflecting the recommendations of the so-called "good administration." Good administration is the subjective right which, in the relationship between the body and the citizen, defines the individual's rights and the duties of the administration to act in a particular way. It may be interpreted differently, but it must comply with universal standards. They have been defined in international, European and soft law. These include the rule of law, equality, administrative transparency, confidence and trust, as well as the opportunity to participate in decisions. The last of these relates to procedures for involving citizens in administrative decision-making.

The purpose of the article is to present normative solutions in Polish law that guarantee citizens participation in decision-making processes at various levels of administration and their systematics. To achieve this goal, the method of legal text analysis was used, which allows us to indicate the existence of many different mechanisms of participation. Their presence in Polish law determines the varying levels of civic influence on public decisions.
GENDER STEREOTYPES IN THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH OF SOCIAL WORKERS IN SLOVAKIA, THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND LITHUANIA
Authors: Fričová Júlia , Štefáková Lenka , Kohútová Katarína
Published: November 2020

Background and Objectives: Gender stereotypes and the conventionalization of terms like motherhood and fatherhood have, of lately, been a subject of heated debated and have been a dichotomizing theme for the society. A fraction of the population recognizes the allotment of the model role of a mother, as the caregiver and homemaker, and that of a father, as the caretaker and breadwinner, while the other segment of people oppose this allocation of functions and responsibilities. These circumstances, in turn, influence diverse domains of the society’s operations, in addition to social workers whose clientele merely consists of fathers and mothers.

Main Goal: The central purpose of the study is to juxtapose and discern the prevalence of stereotyped gender depictions, representing the ideal role expected and presumped from men and women, within families of social workers in Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Lithuania.

Methods: The primary method used for producing this research was that of pragmatic analysis and detailed evaluation of derivative secondary data which aided in the formulation of conclusions for the study regarding the topic in concern. Investigative results of the three studies, were obtained and refined by charatceristic and subjective approaches – such as interviews and content analysis. The total number of participants were 28 (13 Slovak, 7 Czech, 8 Lithuanian).

Results: The results of the experiment display that social workers are considered to have sexual discriminations, which reflects in their preference for usually choosing to involve women to work with, while confronting family matters, rather than men. However, according to them, this choice only seems natural, functional and habitual as per their practical experience in everyday life. Further revelations included a lack of knowledge, education and awareness on the part of social workers in context of gender equality.

Future Research: Presently, the concept of gender equality in the field of social work has not been adequately studied, and thus, as a matter of fact, the subject offers numerous possibilities and a wide scope for empirical research to be carried out. For future purposes, we suggest examining the issue in one of the advanced, post-industrial or ‘developed’ countries, the public of which does not identify itself with gender stereotypes, much unlike that of the traditional or ‘developing' countries. We believe that the rational and sensible way of reflection of ‘developed’ countries can contribute in the disintegration and breakdown of the deep-rooted stereotypical mindsets of social workers.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN COACHES AND ATHLETES IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS
Authors: Ivanova Vesela , Dimitrov Vasil
Published: November 2020

Interesting for science in terms of success, are coach-athlete relationship. They are subject of much research and analysis, as the focus is on building strong bonds of trust, respect and support between the two most important sides in the sport.

The aim of our study is to research coach-athlete relationship in rhythmic gymnastics and its influence on the training process. In the investigation, a questionnaire with 24 items was used and the respondents were 14 elite rhythmic gymnasts. The results of the study showed the majority of elite gymnasts have their own opinion about the methods used; they want to be listened to. Тhe biggest differences being observed in the proximity of the individual athletes with the coach.

A good relationship between a coach and an athlete here are not only the key to sports success, but they are a major source of good education, building a value system and character of the gymnasts.
ACTIVE PE GAMES - A DETERMINANT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RELATIONSHIPS IN THE CHILD DIVERSITY GROUP
Authors: Ivanova Veselina
Published: November 2020

The article focuses on the active PE game, as a functional dominant in the pre-school age of a child when critical changes in his or her social development occur.

The study was conducted by graduate students in settlements with different demographic characteristics (big city - 2 groups, small town - 2 groups, village - 2 groups) with 120 (3-7-year-old children), from 6 different age groups in kindergartens. Kindergartens and kindergarten groups are randomly chosen.

The experimental work uses diagnostic methods of observation, discussion, sociometric techniques (by J. Moreno), mathematical and statistical methods in its course.

The mobility of the group dynamics, the constancy, the communication and the movement of the participants - children from different game unification; the cohesion of the child group, which represents the level in the development of child relationships are monitored.

It is concluded that active PE games during the period of "game dystrophy", which is distinguished by the specificity of the modern socium, are a determinant, an actual alternative in the development of the children's relationships, which in turn create a perspective in the socialization of the children.
ATTITUDES OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN PRIMARY AND PRE-SCHOOL PEDAGOGY TO WORK IN THEIR SPECIAL SUBJECT
Authors: Ivanova Veselina , Mileva Eleonora
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study was to examine the attitudes of pre-service teachers in primary and pre-school pedagogy to work in their subject. 76 pre-service teachers in primary and pre-school pedagogy on the Bachelor’s degree from Trakia University in Stara Zagora participated in the research. Half of the respondents had professional experience at primary schools or kindergartens. A special questionnaire was applied, related to the attitudes of the future teachers. The statistical method used for the research was alternative analysis.

Factors influencing the professional realization and career development of the future teachers in the conditions of the dynamically reforming education in Bulgaria were presented. The pre-service teachers in primary and pre-school pedagogy were willing to continue their qualification and education. The future teachers would like to work in their special subject and would not change the profession. Different motives for professional realization of future teachers were established.