bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculation of the Coefficient of Adhesion of the Forest Machine Wheeled Mover with Soil
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Khitrov Egor G. , Dolzhikov Ilya S. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Dmitriev Alexander S. ,   Giprostroymost-Saint Petersburg JSC, Kalyashov Vitaly A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Grigorev Igor V. ,   Arctic State Agrotechnological University, Grigoreva Olga I. ,   St. Petersburg State Forest Technical University named after S.M. Kirov
Published: November 2023

The issues of operational and ecological efficiency of wheeled and tracked forest machines have been addressed within the framework of the direction, and previously a separate scientific specialty “Technology and machines of logging and forestry” for a long time now. This direction originated from the works of specialists in the field of agricultural mechanization, who studied the interrelationships in the “mover-soil-harvest” system in detail. Both in agricultural and logging production, when considering the interaction of forest machine movers with the driving surface, the methods of soil mechanics were and are widely used. However, forest soils are a much more complicated environment for theoretical and experimental study, as they have a pronounced layered structure, including organic and inorganic components, and, moreover, are penetrated by the root system of woody and shrubby vegetation. At present, wheeled forest machines of various traction classes dominate in logging production and forestry, which is due to their versatility, high operating speeds, the ability to move between harvesting areas on their own, including moving on public roads. Despite the considerable amount of theoretical and experimental research carried out by domestic and foreign scientists in the field of interaction of wheeled machines with forest soils, the issues of interrelation between the pitch of the ground hooks and the coupling of the mover with the soil have remained poorly worked out so far. This is due, first of all, to the fact that the evaluation of the machine’s passability by traction is given after evaluating the indicators of rutting and resistance to movement. This article is aimed at the theoretical solution of this issue, at the development of the approach to the theoretical assessment of the coefficient of adhesion of the wheeled mover of a forest machine with a soil. For citation: Khitrov E.G., Dolzhikov I.S., Dmitriev A.S., Kalyashov V.A., Grigorev I.V., Grigoreva O.I. Calculation of the Coefficient of Adhesion of the Forest Machine Wheeled Mover with Soil. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 5, pp. 126–134. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-5-126-134
Endocardite Infecciosa Por Hacek: Relato De Caso
Authors: Domingues Anna Luiza Guagliardi , Rostirola Laís Sette
Published: November 2023

Introdução: A endocardite infecciosa (EI) é uma infecção do endotélio cardíaco que pode ser provocada usualmente por bactérias e fungos. O crescimento superficial destes microrganismos (MOs) pode causar embolia em vários órgãos, como rins, pulmões, pele, cérebro e sistema nervoso central, levando a morte se não tratada adequadamente. A EI provocada por bactérias HACEK (Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens e Kingella kingae) afeta principalmente pacientes com doença cardíaca prévia ou válvulas artificiais, e é caracterizada por um curso insidioso, com atraso médio no diagnóstico de um mês (quando provocada por Haemophilus spp.) a 3 meses (quando causada por Aggregatibacter ou Cardiobacterium spp.).

Objetivo: Relatar um caso de EI provocada por MOs do grupo HACEK. Método: Trata-se do relato de um paciente atendido no Hospital Universitário São Francisco na Providência de Deus – HUSF, localizado na cidade de Bragança Paulista - SP.

Relato do Caso: Este relato descreve o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, 50 anos, com histórico de febre persistente, sudorese, calafrios, fadiga e perda ponderal. Após avaliação clínica, o paciente foi diagnosticado com EI, com base nos achados clínicos, laboratoriais e de imagem, incluindo anemia microcítica, leucocitose com desvio à esquerda, PCR e VHS elevadas, presença de sopro diastólico, além de evidências de comprometimento valvar cardíaco no ecocardiograma transtorácico. Hemoculturas identificaram a bactéria A. aphrophilus como a causa da EI, e o tratamento com ceftriaxona foi iniciado. Devido à disfunção valvar significativa, o paciente foi submetido à cirurgia cardíaca com troca da valva tricúspide por uma prótese mitral, seguido por acompanhamento ambulatorial/cardiológico e avaliação odontológica.

Conclusão: Os MOs HACEK podem provocar EI em pacientes de diversas faixas etárias, incluindo crianças, e sua capacidade de afetar tanto válvulas nativas quanto protéticas ressalta a importância de uma abordagem clínica ampla e de alto índice de suspeita para o diagnóstico preciso. Além disso, a manutenção da saúde bucal e o controle de cáries são fatores importantes para a prevenção dessas infecções, e o uso de exames de imagem, como tomografias e ecocardiogramas, e a realização de culturas sanguíneas desempenham um papel fundamental na identificação e tratamento adequado dos pacientes com EI provocada por este grupo de bactérias. Portanto, a compreensão desses aspectos é essencial para melhorar o diagnóstico e a gestão clínica dessas infecções, que podem levar a morbidade substancial e mortalidade se não detectadas e tratadas a tempo.
Development of an adaptive test of musical scene analysis abilities for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners
Authors: Hake Robin , Bürgel Michel , Nguyen Ninh K. , Greasley Alinka , Müllensiefen Daniel , Siedenburg Kai
Published: November 2023

Auditory scene analysis (ASA) is the process through which the auditory system makes sense of complex acoustic environments by organising sound mixtures into meaningful events and streams. Although music psychology has acknowledged the fundamental role of ASA in shaping music perception, no efficient test to quantify listeners’ ASA abilities in realistic musical scenarios has yet been published. This study presents a new tool for testing ASA abilities in the context of music, suitable for both normal-hearing (NH) and hearing-impaired (HI) individuals: the adaptive Musical Scene Analysis (MSA) test. The test uses a simple ‘yes–no’ task paradigm to determine whether the sound from a single target instrument is heard in a mixture of popular music. During the online calibration phase, 525 NH and 131 HI listeners were recruited. The level ratio between the target instrument and the mixture, choice of target instrument, and number of instruments in the mixture were found to be important factors affecting item difficulty, whereas the influence of the stereo width (induced by inter-aural level differences) only had a minor effect. Based on a Bayesian logistic mixed-effects model, an adaptive version of the MSA test was developed. In a subsequent validation experiment with 74 listeners (20 HI), MSA scores showed acceptable test–retest reliability and moderate correlations with other music-related tests, pure-tone-average audiograms, age, musical sophistication, and working memory capacities. The MSA test is a user-friendly and efficient open-source tool for evaluating musical ASA abilities and is suitable for profiling the effects of hearing impairment on music perception.
The Role of the National Assessment and Accreditation Council in Ensuring Quality Education in the Indian Education System: An Analysis of Its Accreditation Standards and Grading Practices
Authors: Prakash P , Gornale Shivanand S. , ShyamaSundar M. S. , Siddalingappa Rashmi
Published: November 2023

The National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) strives to uphold the quality of education by conducting transparent assessments and certifying Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Through the Assessment and Accreditation (A&A) process, educational institutions are rigorously evaluated to ensure their adherence to guidelines and requirements established by esteemed national bodies, like NAAC. These accreditation standards evolve to meet the diverse needs and capabilities of various stakeholders. This study delves into the functioning of NAAC and its pivotal role in the comprehensive evaluation of HEIs in India, fostering a robust educational landscape across the nation. Furthermore, it explores the evolution of the NAAC Grading System from 1995 to 2023 and analyzes the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the Self Study Report (SSR) as integral components of the A&A process for HEIs in India.
PENGGUNAAN KONTRASEPSI HORMONAL DENGAN KEJADIAN KANKER SERVIKS
Authors: Shintya Lea Andy
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK
Pengunaan kontrasepsi hormonal (pil, implant, suntik) memiliki efek bagi wanita yang mengunakannya, salah satunya dapat mengakibatkan kanker serviks. Hormon yang dimasukan dalam tubuh mengakibatkan perubahan sel yang normal menjadi tidak normal. Estrogen kemungkinan menjadi salah satu faktor yang dapat membuat replikasi DNA HPV. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengunaan kontrasepsi hormonal dengan kejadian kanker serviks. Metode penelitian yaitu analitik dengan menggunakan case control study. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel yaitu 120 partisipan, 60 partisipan untuk kasus dan 60 partisipan untuk kontrol. Gambaran pengunaan kontrasepsi pada partisipan kasus didapati 35(29.2%) partisipan menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal dan gambaran pengunaan kontrasepsi pada kasus kontrol didapati 35(29.2%) partisipan mengunakan kontrasepsi non hormonal. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengunaan kontrasepsi hormonal dengan kejadian kanker serviks di Rumah sakit X Manado p=0.100 dengan nilai koefesien kolerasi 0,69. Rekomendasi kepada penelitian selanjutnya untuk meneliti hubungan antara lamanya pengunaan kontrasepsi hormonal lebih dari lima tahun dengan kejadian kanker serviks melakui metode IVA test.
KATA KUNCI: Kanker Serviks, Kontrasepsi Hormonal
ABSTRACT
The use of hormonal contraception has effects on women who use it, one of which can cause cervical cancer. Hormones introduced into the body cause changes in normal cells to become abnormal. Estrogen may be one of the factors that can make HPV DNA replicate. The aim of this study was to determine the use of hormonal contraception and the incidence of cervical cancer. The research method is analytical using a case control study. Sampling was carried out using a total sampling technique with a sample size of 120 participants, 60 participants for cases and 60 participants for controls. The description of contraceptive use in case participants found that 35(29.2%) participants used hormonal contraception and the description of contraceptive use in control cases found that 35(29.2%) participants used non-hormonal contraception. There is no significant relationship between the use of hormonal contraception and the incidence of cervical cancer at X Manado Hospital, p=0.100 with a correlation coefficient value of 0.69. Recommendations for further research to examine the relationship between the duration of hormonal contraceptive use for more than five years and the incidence of cervical cancer using the IVA test method.
KEYWORDS: Cervical Cancer, Hormonal Contraception
PENGALAMAN PRAKTEK LABORATORIUM MAHASISWA BARU KEPERAWATAN: STUDI FENOMONOLOGIKAL DESKRIPTIF
Authors: Langingi Nova Lina , Kaparang Grace
Published: November 2023

Pembelajaran melalui laboratorium klinis mempersiapkan mahasiswa keperawatan untuk sedini mungkin tereskpos dengan situasi yang serupa dengan keadaan klinis, sehingga siap menghadapi pasien yang nyata di dunia klinis. Studi ini adalah penelitian fenomenologikal deskriptif Husserlian yang menggali pengalaman mahasiswa keperawatan yang baru dalam pembelajaran di laboratorium. Hasil analisis tematik yang diolah dengan metode Giorgi menunjukkan enam tema besar dari hasil wawancara tujuh partisipan mahasiswa fakultas keperawatan yang baru mengalami praktik keperawatan di laboratorium yang dipilih melalui teknik sampling purposif. Enam tema besar tersebut adalah sindrom baru, pengalaman merawat sebelumnya, resiliensi mahasiswa, keterampilan baru, pengaruh preseptor, ketersediaan fasilitas laboratorium. Institusi pendidikan keperawatan perlu memperhatikan tema-tema ini untuk diintegrasikan dan dibagikan pada perawat pembimbing akademis, laboran, serta mahasiswa itu sendiri dalam pembelajaran sehingga masing-masing dapat menjalankan peran masing-masing untuk peningkatan kualitas mahasiswa keperawatan yang nantinya akan menjadi perawat masa depan. Penelitian berikutnya dapat menginvestigasi pengalaman praktikum pada matakuliah praktikum lanjutan dan yang spesifik (i.e. keperawatan jiwa, dll.)
KATA KUNCI: Mahasiswa Keperawatan Baru, Praktik Laboratorium, Pengalaman
ABSTRACT
Learning through clinical laboratories prepares nursing students to be exposed as early as possible to situations similar to clinical circumstances, so that they are ready to face real patients in the clinical world. This study is Husserlian's descriptive phenomenological research that explores the experiences of nursing students who are new to learning in the laboratory. The results of the thematic analysis processed by the Giorgi method showed six major themes from the interview results of seven participants of nursing faculty students who had just experienced nursing practice in a laboratory selected through purposive sampling techniques. The six major themes are new syndromes, previous caring experiences, student resilience, new skills, influence of preceptors, availability of laboratory facilities. Nursing education institutions need to pay attention to these themes to be integrated and shared with academic supervisors, laboratories, and students themselves in learning so that each can carry out their respective roles for improving the quality of nursing students who will later become future nurses. Further research can investigate practicum experiences in advanced and specific practicum courses (i.e. mental nursing, etc.)
KEYWORDS: Lived Experience, Laboratory Practice, Student Nurses.
KESIAPSIAGAAN BENCANA DAN KECEMASAN MASYARAKAT PASKA BANJIR DI DAERAH RAWAN BENCANA
Authors: Sembung Christasya Laurensia , Purnawinadi I Gede
Published: November 2023

Kesiapsiagaan bencana sebagai suatu proses manajemen bencana berupa kegiatan pencegahan bertujuan untuk mengurangi risiko dan dampak bencana, termasuk dampak psikologis seperti kecemasan pada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kesiapsiagaan bencana dengan kecemasan pada masyarakat di daerah rawan bencana. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis kuantitatif dengan desain survei analitik melalui pendekatan cross-sectional, data dianalisis melalui uji statistik menggunakan rumus Spearman correlation. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah 72 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Banjir dan kuesioner General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Secara deskriptif hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 72 partisipan didapati dominan kesiapsiagaan bencana banjir dalam kategori tinggi (36,1%), sedangkan kategori kecemasan dominan sedang (33,3%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapati bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kesiapsiagaan bencana dengan kecemasan masyarakat paska banjir (p-value 0,119 > 0,05). Bagi peneliti selanjutnya direkomendasikan melakukan penelitian bukan hanya pada masyarakat atau keluarga yang terdampak banjir, tetapi juga pada masyarakat di sekitar lokasi terjadinya bencana dan penelitian akan lebih baik dilakukan dalam kurun waktu yang tidak terlalu lama paska bencana.
 
KATA KUNCI: Banjir, Kecemasan, Kesiapsiagaan Bencana
 
ABSTRACT
Disaster preparedness as a process of disaster management in the form of prevention activities aims to reduce the risks and impacts of disasters, including psychological impacts such as anxiety on the community. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between disaster preparedness and anxiety in people in disaster-prone areas. This research was a quantitative type with an analytic survey design through a cross-sectional approach, data were analyzed through statistical tests using the Spearman correlation formula. Samples were taken using total sampling technique with a total of 72 respondents. The instruments used are the Flood Disaster Preparedness questionnaire and the General Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-7). Descriptively, the results of the study showed that of the 72 participants, flood disaster preparedness was dominant in the high category (36.1%), while the anxiety category was dominant (33.3%). Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that there was no significant relationship between disaster preparedness and post-flood community anxiety (p-value 0,119 > 0,05). For future researchers, it is recommended to conduct research not only on the community or family affected by the flood, but also on the community around the location of the disaster and research will be better carried out not too long after the disaster.
 
KEYWORDS: Anxiety, Disaster Preparedness, Flood
PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU MEROKOK PADA MASYARAKAT
Authors: Manoppo Mutiara Wahyuni
Published: November 2023

Merokok adalah kegiatan yang dapat mengakibatkan dampak serius bagi perokok serta orang yang berada disekitarnya. Sebagian besar dari masyarakat sudah cukup terpapar dengan informasi tentang bahaya merokok melalui berbagai media sarana yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan instansi kesehatan. Akan tetapi, dengan semua usaha yang telah dilakukan, masih banyak juga masyarakat yang dijumpai aktif dalam merokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku merokok pada masyarakat di Kelurahan Bitung Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah descriptive correlational dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah partisipan sebanyak 50 orang. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan analisis pearson correlation menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku merokok pada masyarakat kelurahan Bitung Timur dengan nilai p= 0,024; dan r=0.319. Lebih lanjut, hasil menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar partisipan berada pada tingkat pengetahuan merokok yang sedang, dengan perilaku merokok yang rendah. Direkomendasikan bagi masyarakat untuk tetap mempertahankan perilaku merokok yang rendah bahkan untuk berhenti jika memungkinkan. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, disarankan untuk mengkaji faktor penyebab yang lain seperti ekonomi dan status pendidikan dalam kebiasaan merokok pada masyarakat.
KATA KUNCI: Pengetahuan, Perilaku, Merokok, Masyarakat
ABSTRACT
Smoking is an activity with a serious impact on smokers and those around them. Most people are exposed enough to information about the dangers of smoking through various media facilities by the government and health agencies. However, there are still many people who are found to be active in smoking. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and smoking behavior in the community in East Bitung sub-district. The method used in this study was descriptive correlational with a cross sectional approach. Data collection used a purposive sampling technique with a total of 50 participants. The results of the study using pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and smoking behavior in the people of the East Bitung sub-district with a value of p = 0.024; and r=0.319. Furthermore, the results showed that most of the participants were at a moderate level of smoking knowledge, with low smoking behavior. It is recommended for people to maintain a low smoking behavior even to quit if possible. For further research, it is suggested to examine other factors such as economics and educational status in smoking habits.
KEYWORDS: Knowledge, Behavior, Smoking, Community.
PENERAPAN TERAPI OKSIGEN PADA TINGKAT KESADARAN PASIEN DI RUANG GAWAT DARURAT
Authors: Anderson Elisa , Hender Ericha Pricilia
Published: November 2023

Ruang gawat darurat adalah ruang perawatan untuk melayani pasien yang terancam nyawanya atau yang membutuhkan penangan segera untuk pemulihan kesehatannya. Beberapa pasien di ruang gawat darurat mengalami perubahan tingkat kesadaran dan terapi Oksigen merupakan salah satu penanganan yang harus segera diberikan untuk pemulihannya. Tujuan penelitan ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi penerapan terapi Oksigen pada tingkat kesadaran pasien di ruang gawat darurat. Metode penelitian yang diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Peneliti mengambil sampel sebanyak 322 orang dengan teknik convenience sampling. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa kebanyakan pasien yang sedang dirawat di ruang gawat darurat pada area darurat tidak gawat adalah tidak mendapatkan terapi Oksigen dengan jumlah 241 (74,8%), kebanyakan tingkat kesadaran responden adalah compos mentis dengan jumlah 302 (93,8 %), dan ada korelasi lemah yang signifikan antara penggunaan terapi Oksigen dan tingkat kesadaran dengan nilai p-value=0,000 dan r=-0,330. Hasil ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan tenaga kesehatan di ruang gawat darurat saat mendapatkan pasien dengan penurunan tingkat kesadaran dan perlu adanya analisis regresi untuk dapat menentukan seberapa besar pengaruh terapi Oksigen pada perubahan tingkat kesadaran.
KATA KUNCI: Gawat darurat, tingkat kesadaran, terapi Oksigen
ABSTRACT
The emergency room is a treatment room to serve patients whose lives are threatened or who need immediate handling for their health recovery. Some patients in the emergency room experience changes in their level of consciousness and oxygen therapy is one of the treatments that must be given immediately for their recovery. The purpose of this research is to determine the correlation of the application of oxygen therapy on the level of consciousness of patients in the emergency room. The research method applied in this study was analytic observational with a cross sectional approach. Researchers took a sample of 322 people with convenience sampling technique. The results stated that most patients who were being treated in the emergency room in the non-emergency area did not get oxygen therapy with a total of 241 (74.8%), most respondents' level of consciousness was compos mentis with a total of 302 (93.8%), and there was a significant weak correlation between the use of oxygen therapy and the level of consciousness with a p-value=0.000 and r=-0.330. These results are expected to be a reference for health workers in the emergency room when getting patients with decreased levels of consciousness and the need for regression analysis to be able to determine how much influence oxygen therapy has on changes in levels of consciousness.
KEYWORDS: Emergency room, level of consciousness, oxygen therapy
Comparison of Food-Based Synthetic Attractants for Capture of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Persimmon Fruits
Authors: DEMİREL Nihat
Published: November 2023

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is an important pest on persimmon fruits in Turkey. The study was conducted in 2016-2018 to determine comparison of food-based synthetic attractants for capture of Ceratitis capitata on persimmon fruits in Dörtyol and Antakya districts of Hatay province. The Decis and Maxitrap traps baited with various attractants impregnated in paper handkerchief dispensers were used. As a result of two years of investigations, efficacy of various attractants varied in each of the sampling year. In 2016, the highest mean of C. capitata were observed by the combination of ammonium acetate + ammonium carbonate attractant traps, while the lowest mean of C. capitata was observed by a single of ammonium carbonate attractant traps. In 2018, the highest mean of C. capitata were observed by a single of ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate attractant traps, while the lowest mean of C. capitata was observed by the combination of ammonium acetate + trimethylamine + putrescine and ammonium acetate + trimethylamine + cadaverine attractant traps.
The Many Pollutant Identities of Carbon Dioxide: Global Climate Monitoring and Air Pollution Research in New Zealand, 1968–1975
Authors: MACFARLANE R. ASHTON
Published: November 2023

In the late 1960s, New Zealand and the United States collaborated to establish a southern hemispheric carbon dioxide (CO
2
) monitoring station on New Zealand’s coastal cliffs. The New Zealand CO
2
Project, as it came to be known, is an underappreciated landmark in the history of environmental monitoring. The archival record of its early years reveals the extent to which efforts to measure atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations interacted closely with one of the most hotly debated political issues of the mid-twentieth century: urban air pollution. The designation of CO
2
as air pollution on a planetary scale had profound legal implications in an era in which clean air legislation increasingly brought air pollution within the scope of governmental regulation, and administrative agencies began to jostle for control of the monitoring enterprise. The precise nature of CO
2
as an air pollutant, however, was difficult to pin down. In these initial years of concerted carbon dioxide monitoring, when the lines between climate science and air pollution research were still blurred, CO
2
developed its many pollutant identities. The nature of these identities – and the ways in which scientists and science administrators negotiated their boundaries – retain their relevance today, as nations continue to link air pollution and climate legislation in the twenty-first century.
Race, Environment, and Crisis: Hurricane Camille and the Politics of Southern Segregation
Authors: ARFFMAN ATTE , HOLMILA ANTERO
Published: November 2023

In August 1969 Hurricane Camille hit the Mississippi coast. We argue that the disaster caused by the Hurricane was an outcome of the entanglement between human and non-human agents. As a non-human agent, Hurricane Camille thrust the prevailing socio-economic situation in the segregationist South into the spotlight, with all its political and cultural ramifications – much to the annoyance of the local political elite that had long sought to isolate southern politics from civil rights and the desegregation agenda. Consequently, it (re)invigorated and furnished the civil rights movement and the politics defining that era with new arguments and approaches that would have been impossible to develop from the perspective of human agency alone. By examining both local and national press discourses relating to the crisis caused by Hurricane Camille in the state of Mississippi in August 1969, we argue that historical agency should not be seen in purely anthropocentric terms but as an entanglement between human and non-human events.
Wild Smoke: Managing Forest Pollution in Northern British Columbia since 1950
Authors: JORGENSON MICA
Published: November 2023

Almost every year, ash drifts from forest fires in north-western Canada into northern Europe, altering forecasts on both continents, settling in Antarctic ice and turning the skies over the world’s major cities an apocalyptic orange. As smoke drifts from the forests into nearby communities and distant urban centres, it becomes the medium through which most people experience forest fire, leaving traces on memories and bodies. Although wildfires and their associated plumes are getting worse, people have a long and dynamic relationship with forest fire smoke which can be understood through the lens of air pollution and forestry history. Using British Columbia, Canada as a case study, I argue that the difficulty of separating wildfire smoke from other types of air pollution has worked to the advantage of land managers interested in supporting the forestry industry, with negative impacts for northern communities.
An Exotic Tree in a Foreign Country: A Cultural Biography of the Lodgepole Pine in Sweden
Authors: MÅRALD ERLAND , JÖNSSON JIMMY , KARDELL ÖRJAN , SJÖGREN JÖRGEN , TUNLID ANNA
Published: November 2023

The movement of plants, animals, and microorganisms by humans, consciously or unconsciously, has changed both ecosystems and societies throughout history. This article focuses on one such transformative species, lodgepole pine, and its relocation from northwestern America to northern Sweden in the mid-twentieth century. A cultural biography of the lodgepole pine’s existence in Sweden examines how this tree has been linked to different value regimes, which creates a historical pattern. Through so-called ‘thinning processes’, powerful actors, in both production forestry and the environmental movement, have tried to reduce the importance of the species to a limited meaning and context. At the same time, more arguments, knowledge and changed contexts have made the lodgepole pine a ‘thick thing’, with superimposed values and meanings. Although the tree has moved far geographically, from one continent to another, its importance has continued to be framed by interacting international, national and local perspectives. The lodgepole pine, however, is not just an inert thing that is determined by cultural discourses. It is a living tree, with its own ability to act and whose life in a foreign land has created a dynamic that crosses the border between nature and culture.
A Comparison of Void-finding Algorithms Using Crossing Numbers
Authors: Veyrat Dahlia , Douglass Kelly A. , BenZvi Segev
Published: November 2023

We study how well void-finding algorithms identify cosmic void regions and whether we can quantitatively and qualitatively compare the voids they find with dynamical information from the underlying matter distribution. Using the ORIGAMI algorithm to determine the number of dimensions along which dark matter particles have undergone shell crossing (crossing number) in N-body simulations from the AbacusSummit simulation suite, we identify dark matter particles that have undergone no shell crossing as belonging to voids. We then find voids in the corresponding halo distribution using two different void-finding algorithms: VoidFinder and V2, a ZOBOV-based algorithm. The resulting void catalogs are compared to the distribution of dark matter particles to examine how their crossing numbers depend on void proximity. While both algorithms’ voids have a similar distribution of crossing numbers near their centers, we find that beyond 0.25 times the effective void radius, voids found by VoidFinder exhibit a stronger preference for particles with low crossing numbers than those found by V2. We examine two possible methods of mitigating this difference in efficacy between the algorithms. While we are able to partially mitigate the ineffectiveness of V2 by using the distance from the void edge as a measure of centrality, we conclude that VoidFinder more reliably identifies dynamically distinct regions of low crossing number.
Stellar Outbursts and Chondrite Composition
Authors: Li Min , Zhu Zhaohuan , Huang Shichun , Sui Ning , Petaev Michail I. , Steffen Jason H.
Published: November 2023

The temperatures of observed protoplanetary disks are not sufficiently high to produce the accretion rate needed to form stars, nor are they sufficient to explain the volatile depletion patterns in CM, CO, and CV chondrites and terrestrial planets. We revisit the role that stellar outbursts, caused by high-accretion episodes, play in resolving these two issues. These outbursts provide the necessary mass to form the star during the disk lifetime and provide enough heat to vaporize planet-forming materials. We show that these outbursts can reproduce the observed chondrite abundances at distances near 1 au. These outbursts would also affect the growth of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions and the isotopic compositions of carbonaceous and noncarbonaceous chondrites.
Inferring Coupling Strengths of Mixed-mode Oscillations in Red Giant Stars Using Deep Learning
Authors: Dhanpal Siddharth , Benomar Othman , Hanasoge Shravan , Takata Masao , Panda Subrata Kumar , Kundu Abhisek
Published: November 2023

Asteroseismology is a powerful tool that may be applied to shed light on stellar interiors and stellar evolution. Mixed modes, behaving like acoustic waves in the envelope and buoyancy modes in the core, are remarkable because they allow for probing the radiative cores and evanescent zones of red giant stars. Here, we have developed a neural network that can accurately infer the coupling strength, a parameter related to the size of the evanescent zone, of solar-like stars in ∼5 ms. In comparison with existing methods, we found that only ∼43% of inferences were in agreement with a difference less than 0.03 in a sample of ∼1700 Kepler red giants. To understand the origin of these differences, we analyzed a few of these stars using independent techniques such as the Monte Carlo Markov Chain method and echelle diagrams. Through our analysis, we discovered that these alternate techniques are supportive of the neural-net inferences. We also demonstrate that the network can be used to yield estimates of coupling strength and period spacing in stars with structural discontinuities. Our findings suggest that the rate of decline in the coupling strength in the red giant branch is greater than previously believed. These results are in closer agreement with calculations of stellar-evolution models than prior estimates, further underscoring the remarkable success of stellar evolution theory and computation. Additionally, we show that the uncertainty in measuring period spacing increases rapidly with diminishing coupling strength.
Toward Machine-learning-based Metastudies: Applications to Cosmological Parameters
Authors: Crossland Tom , Stenetorp Pontus , Kawata Daisuke , Riedel Sebastian , Kitching Thomas D. , Deshpande Anurag , Kimpson Tom , Liew-Cain Choong Ling , Pedersen Christian , Piras Davide , Sharma Monu
Published: November 2023

We develop a new model for automatic extraction of reported measurement values from the astrophysical literature, utilizing modern natural language processing techniques. We use this model to extract measurements present in the abstracts of the approximately 248,000 astrophysics articles from the arXiv repository, yielding a database containing over 231,000 astrophysical numerical measurements. Furthermore, we present an online interface (Numerical Atlas) to allow users to query and explore this database, based on parameter names and symbolic representations, and download the resulting data sets for their own research uses. To illustrate potential use cases, we then collect values for nine different cosmological parameters using this tool. From these results, we can clearly observe the historical trends in the reported values of these quantities over the past two decades and see the impacts of landmark publications on our understanding of cosmology.
New species and new combinations in the genus Paraisaria (Hypocreales, Ophiocordycipitaceae) from the U.S.A., supported by polyphasic analysis
Authors: Tehan Richard M. , Dooley Connor B. , Barge Edward G. , McPhail Kerry L. , Spatafora Joseph W.
Published: November 2023

Molecular phylogenetic and chemical analyses, and morphological characterization of collections of North American Paraisaria specimens support the description of two new species and two new combinations for known species. P. cascadensissp. nov. is a pathogen of Cyphoderris (Orthoptera) from the Pacific Northwest USA and P. pseudoheteropodasp. nov. is a pathogen of cicadae (Hemiptera) from the Southeast USA. New combinations are made for Ophiocordyceps insignis and O. monticola based on morphological, ecological, and chemical study. A new cyclopeptide family proved indispensable in providing chemotaxonomic markers for resolving species in degraded herbarium specimens for which DNA sequencing is intractable. This approach enabled the critical linkage of a 142-year-old type specimen to a phylogenetic clade. The diversity of Paraisaria in North America and the utility of chemotaxonomy for the genus are discussed.
Réseaux d’habitat, de circulation et d’exploitation anciens et modernes en Plaine de Caen. Approche archéogéographique du projet collectif de recherche « Face à la Mer »
Authors: Lėon Gaël
Published: November 2023

Cet article vise à présenter une partie de l’activité d’un projet collectif de recherche initié en 2019 sous le nom « Face à la Mer ». À travers plusieurs méthodes d’analyses spatiales conduites dans un système d’information géographique, il s’agit d’éclairer de manière diachronique les questions de distribution de l’habitat, des formes d’exploitation du sol et de circulation au sein d’une portion du Bassin Parisien en marge du Massif Armoricain. L’ensemble de la démarche archéogéographique met en relation des sources diverses, qu’il s’agisse de données archéologiques, historiques, de géographie physique ou encore d’interprétation de couvertures orthophotographiques. La construction d’un atlas dynamique constitue un des objectifs principaux du projet afin de réunir et exploiter les acquisitions de l’archéologie préventive de ces trente dernières années au sein du principal bassin d’activité économique de Normandie occidentale. Parmi les problématiques de recherche définies dans le cadre de l’atlas, celle de la construction et de la transformation des espaces ruraux depuis la Protohistoire trouve différentes illustrations liées à la perception chronologique et à la nature des éléments caractérisés. C’est donc à travers la présentation d’outils méthodologiques, appliqués au sein de l’emprise d’étude, que sont abordés quelques exemples d’occupation et de transformation du paysage anthropisé.
Environnement et défense nationale : une convergence nécessaire
Authors: Huglo Christian
Published: November 2023

Si la préoccupation de la défense nationale est ancienne, celle relative à l’environnement est beaucoup plus récente. Cependant, l’accélération des dérèglements climatiques et les atteintes à notre environnement obligent désormais à une convergence des deux domaines pour assurer demain une meilleure protection à nos concitoyens et aux différentes populations.
Cinéma & Séries
Authors: Lempereur Johann
Published: November 2023

La série française Sentinelles diffusée sur une plateforme numérique s’efforce de relater un aspect tiré de l’opération Barkhane . La qualité de la réalisation – soutenue par le ministère des Armées – est à souligner et permet de sortir des carcans des productions hollywoodiennes. À voir, en attendant d’autres séries portant sur nos armées.
To Preserve and Protect: A Theory of Motivation for Negative Deviant Behavior
Authors: Kakavand Benjamin , Toth Kate , Kakavand Samaneh , Teimourzadeh Aria
Published: November 2023

Les comportements déviants au travail font l’objet d’une attention croissante dans de nombreux pays du monde entier. Cet enjeu en lien avec les pertes économiques et sociales dans les organisations, nécessite davantage d’études et d’interprétations, en particulier dans le secteur public qui est souvent l’un des plus grands employeurs dans de nombreux pays de Scandinavie, d’Europe occidentale et d’Amérique du Nord. En se fondant sur la théorie de la conservation des ressources (COR), cette étude propose de considérer la déviance au travail comme le résultat d’un processus de préservation des ressources dans lequel les individus s’engagent par un mouvement défensif et de manière réfléchie afin de se protéger des menaces perçues sur des ressources précieuses. Plus précisément, cette étude a exploré les relations significatives entre l’épuisement de trois ressources personnelles (la justice organisationnelle, le sentiment de maîtrise et le sentiment d’impuissance des employés) et trois dimensions de la déviance au travail (la propriété, la production et la déviance politique). Un questionnaire a été envoyé afin de collecter les données requises auprès des employés du secteur public en France. Les participants ayant des positions hiérarchiques différentes ont été sélectionnés au hasard parmi plusieurs organisations du secteur public. Les résultats de cette recherche font émerger trois hypothèses. Premièrement, la justice organisationnelle (distributive et procédurale) a une corrélation négative avec la déviance au travail. Deuxièmement, le sentiment de maîtrise a une corrélation négative avec la déviance au travail. Enfin, l’impuissance a une corrélation positive avec la déviance au travail. Les implications théoriques et pratiques de cette étude sont soulignées en particulier dans le secteur public pour mieux interpréter la justice distributive et procédurale, le sentiment de maîtrise et de pouvoir dans le but de prévenir et de contrôler les comportements déviants au travail.
Factors Influencing Adolescent Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Regression Model
Authors: Kang Kyung Im , Kang Chan Mi
Published: November 2023

The current study used secondary data from the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey conducted in 2021 to identify risk factors influencing the frequency with which adolescents in Korea experience generalized anxiety. Participants were 54,848 adolescents. Risk factors for generalized anxiety were analyzed using a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model. Of participants, 23.7% reported no generalized anxiety experiences. Risk factors identified in the count model were being female and having low household economic status as well as perceived stress, sadness, subjective sleep insufficiency, and loneliness. In the logit model, being female, in middle school, having middle and low household economic status, not living with family, having perceived stress, sadness, suicidal ideation, subjective sleep insufficiency, loneliness, and body image distortion were significant predictors of future anxiety among participants without anxiety. These results may be useful for planning nursing interventions to improve and prevent future health problems in adolescents. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62
(6), 46–55.]
Art Therapy as a Nursing Intervention for Individuals With Schizophrenia
Authors: Utas-Akhan Latife , Avci Dilek , Basak Ilkay
Published: November 2023

The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of group art therapy on clinical symptoms, alexithymia, and quality of life among people with schizophrenia. This single-blinded, randomized controlled trial was performed with 66 individuals with schizophrenia from a community mental health center in western Turkey between September 2021 and February 2022. Following art therapy, the intervention group had lower severity of positive, negative, and general psycho-pathology symptoms; lower levels of alexithymia; and higher levels of psychological health, social relationships, and total quality of life than the control group; and the difference between groups was statistically significant (
p
< 0.05). Results reveal that art therapy combined with pharmacological therapy contributes to good clinical outcomes among individuals with schizophrenia. This evidence can guide psychiatric nurses to use art therapy to reduce psychopathology severity and increase functionality and quality of life among individuals with schizophrenia. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62
(5), 29–38.]
Preserving cultural landscapes in the face of globalization. The musealization of Sicilian heritage
Authors: Caravello Emanuela
Published: November 2023

This contribution critically reflects the musealization of landscapes as an effective response to the rapid transformations brought about by globalization. Focusing on the case of Sicilian heritage, we examine how the conservation and representation of traditional landscapes in museums serve as a defensive reaction to the perceived threats of homogenization and cultural loss caused by global processes. This article fits into the debate on cultural landscapes and outlines the protection policies implemented by UNESCO while delving into the role of museum collections. In this specific context of preserving the tangible and intangible components of cultural heritage, the landscape is intertwined with the role of local communities in a changing world. We also explore the concept of authenticity in landscapes and its significance in preserving cultural identities. Through qualitative methodology involving critical analysis of literature and document examination, the research illustrates how the musealization of Sicilian landscapes has aimed to safeguard collective memory and cultural heritage. However, this article also highlights potential risks associated with this process, such as the static representation of dynamic cultures and the selective nature of museum curation. Ultimately, this study advocates for transparent and multifaceted interpretations of cultural landscapes to avoid the creation of artificial myths and to preserve the polysemy of the landscape's meaning. By critically examining the context through significant examples, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of musealization in conserving and representing cultural landscapes in the face of globalization's challenges.
Cultivating ILCs in China
Authors: Zreik Mohamad
Published: November 2023

This chapter will take a close look at how intentional learning communities (ILCs) are helping to reform China's educational system. In the first section, classic Confucian ideals are highlighted while providing a brief outline of the system's historical and philosophical underpinnings. The chapter will look at how ILCs have grown in popularity and how they've helped improve education for both students and teachers. It highlights the potential of ILCs in encouraging culturally relevant and long-lasting pedagogical methods, taking into account the rich cultural diversity of the Chinese environment. The opportunities and difficulties of adopting ILCs are discussed in this chapter. The difficulties include policy impediments, institutional resistance, and linguistic issues. ILCs' revolutionary potential in adult education and their impact on a more collegial leadership paradigm are highlighted. The final section provides an outlook on ILCs in China, highlighting their potential to contribute to the development of a more progressive, inclusive, and culturally resilient educational system.
A Reconceptualization of Intentional Learning Communities From a Relational Perspective in a Confucian Cultural Context
Authors: Wei Zitong
Published: November 2023

The study examines the intentional learning community (ILC) from a Confucian cultural perspective. Based on Confucian culture that emphasizes relationality, this research provides a rationale for promoting community-building while allowing for individual meaning-making. Analyses of the literature suggest that intentional learning is both cognitive and moral, and it is situated within life contexts. However, apart from guided participation and reflection, limited research has examined ways to establish and maintain ILCs in terms of membership criteria. The study adopts a Confucian perspective to provide a rationale for creating a trustworthy atmosphere and promoting lifelong learning that addresses individual needs. It examines Confucian relationality, which includes relational identity, relational teaching and learning, and community. Heuristic teaching and self-cultivation are discussed as two approaches to enhance community building and engagement. The research concludes with implications for practice and challenges.