bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE FACTORS DRIVING SUCCESS IN SOUTH KOREAN EXPORTS: A CASE STUDY OF SAMSUNG ELECTRONINCS
Authors: Anjani Nurwulan Rizkiya , Warsito Tulus
Published: October 2023

South Korea is one of the prosperous countries because it rose from its economic crisis in the 1990s. This ginseng country has made many efforts to maintain stability and economic development by using diplomacy in international relations. South Korea carries out diplomatic activities to communicate with other countries, one of which is economic diplomacy. South Korea's diplomacy is their tool to promote exchanges that increase trade, culture, wealth and knowledge. One is expanding and improving their exports through multinational companies such as Samsung Electronics. This study identifies the elements contributing to South Korea's export success. Currently, South Korea is an example of a country in the East Asia Region those economy can increase yearly. This study uses qualitative research methods with literature studies to collect and analyze data or research objects written from the international relations perspective. The theory used in this study is the Porter-Diamond model and the concept of Export Oriented Development. The results of this study indicate that Samsung's global market dynamics have positively influenced South Korea's export success through Samsung's technological prowess, marketing approach, supply chain management, then political and international economic factors, as well as South Korea's economic diplomacy, which built and all are interconnected and strengthened.
VISÃO DOS ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO PÚBLICO DE FEIRA DE SANTANA SOBRE O SISTEMA DE COTAS
Authors: Santos de Oliveira Danilo , Souza Demison Machado de , Silva Edjan Pinto da , Oliveira Neto João Batista de
Published: October 2023

Diante da percepção da relevância das ações afirmativas no Brasil, através de seus efeitos, que se desnudam, assim, como respostas de reparação histórica e social, o objetivo da pesquisa almeja analisar a visão dos estudantes do Ensino Médio público da cidade de Feira de Santana sobre as políticas de ações afirmativas, especialmente sobre o sistema de cotas instituído pela lei 12.711/2012. Ademais, pretende, também, descrever a visão desses estudantes sobre a iminente obrigatoriedade de revisão do referido dispositivo legal, bem como identificar as discussões, sobre o sistema de cotas, realizadas no último ano do Ensino Médio. A fundamentação teórica baseada em Santos (1999) e Carneiro (2005) apresenta o termo epistemicídio; Haas; Linhares (2012) e Passos (2012) trata da disparidade educacional; Almeida (2021), Godoi; Santos (2021), Domingues (2007), Santos (2007), Arbache (2006) analisam o sistema de cotas raciais; Streck; Bolzan (2000), Moreira (2019) e Mascaro (2013) a manutenção do sistema democrático. Essa pesquisa tem natureza aplicada, é exploratória e qualitativa. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário semiestruturado com trinta e quatro questões buscando conhecer o perfil socioeconômico-cultural e o conhecimento sobre a política de ações afirmativas, especialmente sobre o sistema de cotas. Aplicado à 50 alunos do último ano do Ensino Médio público feirense, de três colégios estaduais. Resultados: No que se refere à revisão da Lei nº 12.771/2012, a maioria opinou que o referido dispositivo legal precisa ser renovado e modificado, para ser mais efetivo. 80% acreditam que o sistema de cotas não é suficiente para a devida reparação histórico-social. 96% entendem que os estudantes negros enfrentam mais dificuldades para acessar o ensino superior. Conclusão: Apesar de a maioria ter conhecimento do sistema de cotas, um número expressivo nunca ouviu falar sobre essas ações afirmativas, muito menos sobre a Lei nº 12.771/2012 e sua revisão.
Öğrenciler için Kanıta Dayalı Hemşireliğin Önemi ve Kullanımına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği: Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: YANIKKEREM Emre , ESMERAY Nicole , KARAKUŞ SELÇUK Aslı , ÇETİNKAYA Aynur
Published: October 2023

Amaç: Türkiye’de hemşirelik eğitimi alan öğrenciler için kanıta dayalı hemşireliğin önemi ve kullanımına yönelik tutumları belirlemede kullanılabilecek bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir.

Yöntem: Metodolojik tipte olan çalışmaya, 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi hemşirelik bölümüne kayıtlı olan, 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören 222 öğrenci dahil edilmiştir. Veriler Kasım 2021-Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Geçerlilik analizleri için kapsam geçerliliği, açıklayıcı faktör analizi ve bilinen gruplar geçerliliği yapılmıştır. Ayırt edici geçerlilik Pearson korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Güvenirlik analizleri için Cronbach alpha, Spearman-Brown korelasyon testleri ve test-tekrar test güvenirliliği hesaplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Geliştirilen ölçek beşli likert tipinde, 18 madde ve iki faktör yapısına sahiptir. Açıklanan toplam varyansın %64.8 olduğu ölçeğin iki alt boyutu “Kanıta Dayalı Hemşireliğin Önemi” ve “Kanıta Dayalı Hemşireliğin Kullanımı” olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Bu araştırmada ölçeğin Cronbach alfa değeri 0.942 olarak, test-tekrar test güvenirlik katsayısı 0.737 bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada ülkemizdeki hemşirelik öğrencileri için geliştirilen ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu bulunmuştur.
Hemşirelerin İş Yerinde Yaşadıkları Psikolojik Şiddet ile Psikolojik Sağlamlılıkları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: GÜNDOGDU Fatma , ULAŞ Aybüke , TAŞ Ecem , ÇARDAK Vildan , ŞANDIR İrem Yaren , DURMAZ Muhammed , ECER Mehmet Salim
Published: October 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma, hemşirelerin iş yerinde yaşadıkları psikolojik şiddet ile psikolojik sağlamlıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntem: İlişki arayıcı tipteki bu çalışma, 15 Nisan-1 Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında, 236 hemşire ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında, “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “İş Yerinde Psikolojik Şiddet Davranışları Ölçeği” ve “Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde sayı, yüzde dağılımı Ki-kare testi, Basit Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi kullanılmış, p
Corporate Risk Disclosure Trends in South Africa During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: OSMAN Shazia , BALDVOO Kiran
Published: October 2023

The novel Covid-19 pandemic created uncertainty around the world. Users now require more information about risk exposure; this paper explored the risk disclosure pattern of South African listed companies during the Covid-19 pandemic. The phenomenon of corporate risk disclosure was explored through a multi-theoretical lens, including agency, legitimacy, and stakeholder theories, given the multi-faceted nature of risk reporting. A content analysis of the annual reports of a sample of non-financial companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) was conducted before and during the Covid-19 pandemic from 2019 to 2021. 84 annual reports were analyzed to determine the extent of corporate risk disclosure, both voluntary and mandatory. A self-developed disclosure index of 25 risk items distributed over three risk categories was used to establish the quantity of corporate risk disclosure. A clear upward trend in the extent of corporate risk disclosure was noted during the Covid-19 pandemic. Given the importance of risk information for decision-making in uncertain times, this study sought to provide an understanding of risk disclosure behavior in South Africa during the initial stage of the pandemic, for which there is limited extant literature. Where extant corporate risk disclosure studies have been conducted in the context of developing economies, this study's findings can be extended to other emerging countries. This study provides the first analysis of the extent of corporate risk disclosure in South Africa during the pandemic. The study's findings are relevant to information users, companies, government, regulatory bodies, and academics.
COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers in an oncology hospital
Authors: İskender Gülşen , Mert Duygu , Avşar Zühal , Kölgelier Servet , Ertek Mustafa
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Healthcare workers are at high risk for acquiring COVID-19 and transmitting it to the patients especially to cancer patients in whom the risk of severe COVID-19 is high. We determined the rate of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers in an oncology hospital and their epidemiological characteristics.
Methodology: Data of infected workers from March 11, 2020, to February 28, 2022 were obtained via Infection Control Committee COVID-19 Surveillance Records and evaluated retrospectively.
Results: During this period 58.34% of 2,355 workers were vaccinated with > 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccines. A total of 1,294 COVID-19 attacks developed in 1,181 (50.14%) workers; mean age was 38.08 ± 9.52 years, 744 (63%) were female. Re-infection occurred in 112 (9.5%) workers. Source of infection in 858 attacks (66.31%) was unknown. Hospitalization was needed in 24 (2%) and intensive care unit admission in 1 (0.08%), no death occurred. In the first attacks, 587 (49.70%) were unvaccinated; in re-infections 66 (58.92%) were ≥ 3 doses vaccinated. Hospitalizations were predominantly in the pre-Delta period (16/24: 66.7%, p < 0.05). Re-infections occurred mostly in the Omicron variant period (p < 0.05). Relationship between hospitalization and male gender, age ≥ 50 years, "doctor" profession and presence of chronic diseases were significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: During the study period, half of the healthcare workers in our hospital developed COVID-19 infection of whom 9.5% re-infected, predominantly during the Omicron variant period. Our findings highlight the importance of taking preventive measures and administering booster vaccine doses even after initial vaccination/infection.
Antibiotic resistance patterns in nosocomial infections: preliminary data from Hospital of Al-Hoceima, Morocco
Authors: Abourrich Mostapha , Mourabit Nadira , Boussa Samia , Ghalit Mohammed , Elbarghmi Rachida , Guerrouj Nabia , Aich Fatima , Khermach Asiya , El Ouargh Hossain
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Nosocomial infections or healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) represent a public health problem. The burden of antibiotic resistance in these infections is still unclear in Morocco. The objective of this study was to describe antibiotic susceptibility of the main bacteria responsible for nosocomial infections in order to propose prevention measures.
Methodology: Data were collected from 1519 laboratory records including hospital inpatients suspected of nosocomial infections in Mohamed V Hospital of Al-Hoceima between January 2016 and December 2020. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25.
Results: Bacteriological test samples included 65.5% of urine, 27.2% of pleural fluid, 4.5% of pus, and 2.8% of protected distal swab. Two hundred and twenty-seven (15%) samples were culture-positive. The bacteria isolated were mainly enterobacteria (Escherichia coli, 43.6% and Klebsiella pneumoniae, 13%), non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 10.8%), and Staphylococcus aureus (24.3%). Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Enterobacteriaceae represented 25.4% and those resistant to other families of antibiotics accounted for 12.5%. In our study, we reported 17% ESBL producers among urinary infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 22.2%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa that were resistant to ticarcillin, ceftazidime, and imipenem represented 29% of the cases.
Conclusions: Our results showed a higher frequency of resistance. A microbiological surveillance system is highly needed to identify bacterial niches in the hospital environment at Mohamed V Hospital.
Arteriovenous thrombosis in a patient with miliary tuberculosis complicated by a left ventricular mass and its treatment
Authors: Chen Ling , Liu Quanxian , Lan Yuanbo , Zhang Hong
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is considered one of the two greater long-term global public health threats than the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although venous thromboembolism has a low prevalence of 3.5% among patients with active TB, miliary TB complicated by arteriovenous thrombosis is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition.
Case study: We present here an unusual case of a 32-year-old man with a two-month history of shortness of breath and painful swelling in the right lower extremity. In addition, elevated plasma levels of platelets, white blood cells, neutrophils, and D-dimer were observed upon his admission to the hospital. The patient was diagnosed with miliary TB complicated by arteriovenous thrombosis in the right lower extremity and a left ventricular mass measuring 3.5 × 1.7 cm. He was successfully treated with anti-TB drugs and low molecular weight heparin followed by warfarin, aspirin and clopidogrel.
Conclusions: This case study demonstrates that a patient with miliary TB complicated by arteriovenous thrombosis and a left ventricular mass can be cured with timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The implications of this report are to raise awareness about miliary TB and arteriovenous thrombosis, to improve diagnosis and treatment, and to reduce patient mortality through sharing our successful experience with clinicians and healthcare providers in the developing countries of the world.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Egypt: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shawki May Ahmed , Kamel Ahmed , Gamal Shaza , Abbassi Maggie Magdy , Farid Samar Farghali , Sabry Nirmeen Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy is a major problem. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted on a sample of the Egyptian population using an online survey distributed through social media platforms, including Facebook, WhatsApp, and LinkedIn. The questionnaire was composed of five parts: part I describing the research questionnaire and its aim, part II assessing the demographic data, part III assessing knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 infection, and part IV and V evaluating knowledge regarding COVID-19 vaccines, factors affecting vaccine acceptance and participants’ attitude toward vaccination. Regression models were used to assess factors associated with vaccine acceptability.
Results: A total of 24376 responses were included in the statistical analysis. Females represented more than two-thirds of the study sample (70.5%,) and 18-24 years was the most commonly reported age group. Around one-third of the sample were healthcare professionals (HCPs). Only 14.3% of the participants received or registered to receive the vaccine, while 47% refused to be vaccinated. Regression analysis revealed that male gender, secondary education, older age, married or divorced status, presence of comorbidities, and higher level of knowledge regarding the vaccine were significantly associated with high vaccine acceptance. The most important vaccine attributes influencing vaccine selection in the current work were efficacy and safety.
Conclusions: Vaccine hesitancy is currently a major challenge. Governments should design educational campaigns that provide trusted data related to vaccine efficacy and safety to encourage vaccination and enhance awareness.
Generic concepts and species diversity within the Gynoxyoid clade (Senecioneae, Compositae)
Authors: Escobari Belen , Borsch Thomas , Kilian Norbert
Published: October 2023

The Gynoxyoid clade of the Senecioneae (Asteraceae) until now included the five genera Aequatorium, Gynoxys, Nordenstamia, Paracalia and Paragynoxys as diagnosed using selected morphological characters. In their pre-phylogenetic circumscription, the genera Aequatorium and Paragynoxys were considered to inhabit the northern Andes in contrast to Nordenstamia and Paracalia that occur in the central Andes. The most species-rich genus, Gynoxys, was believed to be distributed throughout the Andes. We use a recently established plastid phylogenomic framework that rendered Gynoxys paraphyletic to further evaluate the delimitation of genera in the Gynoxyoid clade. We examine the morphological variation of all members of the Gynoxyoid to identify characters potentially informative at genus level. This results in a matrix of eleven, mostly multistate characters, including those originally used to diagnose these genera. The ancestral character state inference displays a high level of homoplasy, but nevertheless supports the recognition of four genera. Aequatorium is characterised by white radiate capitula. Paracalia and Paragynoxys share white flowers and floral characteristics, such as flower opening and length of disc flowers lobes, as plesiomorphic states, but differ in habit (scandent shrubs vs. trees). Paracalia also retained white flowers, but its two species are characterised by the absence of outer phyllaries. The genera Gynoxys and Nordenstamia comprise species with yellow capitula which appear to be a derived feature in the Gynoxyoids. The genus Nordenstamia, with eight species, is synonymised under Gynoxys since molecular evidence shows its species nested within various parts of the Gynoxys subclade and the morphological variation of Nordenstamia falls well within that of Gynoxys. With the goal to assign all species to four genera (Aequatorium, Gynoxys, Paracalia and Paragynoxys), we assess the states for the eleven characters for all members of the Gynoxyoids and generate new ETS and ITS sequences for 171 specimens belonging to 49 species to further support their generic placement. We provide a taxonomic treatment for the four genera recognised here including amended diagnoses and morphological descriptions. Furthermore, a species-level taxonomic backbone is elaborated for all genera using electronic tools that list 158 currently accepted names and synonyms (209 names in total) with the respective protologue and type information, as well as notes on the current understanding of species limits. Eleven names are newly synonymised, two are lectotypified and eight are newly transferred to other genera.
Conflict of Interest Management in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Spencer Thomas J. , Descorbeth Olivia , Levin Frances R.
Published: October 2023

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) require skilled contributors who may have conflicts of interest (COI) that need to be assessed and managed to minimize possible biased influence. Different organizations have unique COI management policies depending on their available expertise, circumstances, and judgment. To inform the development of the American Professional Society of ADHD and Related Disorders (APSARD) COI management procedures, we reviewed the literature. Because there are no CPGs for adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the United States, we reviewed COI management policies of related CPGs with a focus on ADHD. There were many common elements, including matching levels of permitted involvement with type of COI. Examples included withdrawals from industry activities and limitations on participation in discussions, deliberations, and/or voting on specific matters. Due to the complexities of COIs, it is impossible to fully operationalize COI management. Ultimately, management of COIs is determined after review by the co-chairs and steering committee in discussion with the task force member.

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Psychiatr Ann
. 2023;53(10):455–460.]
Guidelines in the United States for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults: Why They Are Needed
Authors: Childress Ann , Sibley Maggie , Solanto Mary V. , Wiznitzer Max , Newcorn Jeffrey H.
Published: October 2023

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder that begins in childhood and frequently persists into adulthood. During the past two decades, impairment from persisting ADHD symptoms has increasingly been recognized, and along with it, an increase in the number of adults being diagnosed and treated. Medication treatment of adults with ADHD can decrease the long-term negative impact of ADHD symptoms and behavioral interventions can improve executive function. Educational interventions designed to improve clinician knowledge and practice toward ADHD have been shown to be effective. However, although there are professional guidelines for the assessment and treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents in the United States (US), there are no guidelines for adults. This is increasingly problematic given the large number of adults being diagnosed and treated, and the range of professionals offering this treatment. The development of US guidelines for ADHD offers the potential to improve healthcare outcomes by standardizing care among clinicians with differing levels of expertise.

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Psychiatr Ann
. 2023;53(10):461–469.]
Optimal control of a tick population with a view to control of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Authors: McCarthy Maeve L. , Wallace Dorothy I.
Published: October 2023

In some regions of the Americas, domestic dogs are the host for the tick vector Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and spread the tick-borne pathogen Rickettsia rickettsii, which causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) in humans. Interventions are carried out against the vector via dog collars and acaricidal wall treatments. This paper investigates the optimal control of acaricidal wall treatments, using a prior model for populations and disease transmission developed for this particular vector, host, and pathogen. It is modified with a death term during questing stages reflecting the cost of control and level of coverage. In the presence of the control, the percentage of dogs and ticks infected with Ri. rickettsii decreases in a short period and remains suppressed for a longer period, including after treatment is discontinued. Risk of RMSF infection declines by 90% during this time. In the absence of re-application, infected tick and dog populations rebound, indicating the eventual need for repeated treatment.
An Adaptive M-Learning Usability Model for Facilitating M-Learning for Slow Learners
Authors: Ul Hassan Jawad , Malik Muhammad Saad Missen  , Amnah Firdous  , Arfa Maham  , Amna Ikram
Published: October 2023

Mobile devices have evolved from communication tools to versatile platforms for various purposes, including learning. Usability is crucial for practical mobile learning applications, ensuring ease of use and expected performance. However, existing research on mobile educational apps has primarily focused on typical learners, neglecting the specific requirements of slow learners who face cognitive limitations. In this work, we fill this research gap by proposing an adaptable learning-oriented usability model (ALUM) for mobile learning apps specifically tailored to support slow learners. The research conducts a detailed usability analysis and systematic review to identify the problems users face and investigate how slow learners respond to learning apps in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, satisfaction, and learning outcomes. Twenty-four participants classified as slow learners evaluated the usability of 25 HTML-based learning apps. The evaluation revealed critical deficiencies in existing learning apps concerning the needs of slow learners, particularly in user-friendliness and learnability, leading to their dissatisfaction. We propose a model that leverages a hybrid recommendation system to address these challenges. The model incorporates a navigational graph, ontology, and item matrix to provide personalized topic recommendations, tailoring the content and delivery of educational materials based on individual needs and preferences. By enhancing the learning experience for slow learners, the proposed model aims to improve their learning outcomes. This research bridges the gap between academic research and practical applications in interactive mobile technologies. The adaptable learning-oriented usability model presented in this paper offers a framework for supporting slow learners, emphasizing its essential components and their interactions to enhance the learning outcomes for this user group.
Enhancing Practicality of Web-Based Mobile Learning in Operating System Course: A Developmental Study
Authors: Hakiki Muhammad , Surjono Herman Dwi , Wagiran  , Fadli Radinal , Budiman Ridho Dedy Arief , Ramadhani Witri , Habibie Zulqoidi R. , Suhardiman Sani , Hidayah Yayuk
Published: October 2023

Web-based Mobile Learning can enhance the learning experience in various educational contexts. However, in operating system courses, practical challenges arise when implementing a web-based mobile learning platform, which impacts the effectiveness and accessibility of learning materials for students. To overcome these challenges, this research and development (R&D) aims to improve the practicality of web-based mobile learning in operating system courses. The research adopts a systematic 4D (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) model to identify and explore strategies to optimize the practicality of the platform. Data collected from lecturers and students showed a high average value of practicality, 88.33% and 88.35%, respectively. This research contributes to improving the practical aspects of web-based mobile learning, thereby enhancing students’ learning experience and outcomes in the context of operating system courses.
Deep Learning in Chinese Text Information Extraction Model for Coastal Biodiversity
Authors: Wang Xiujuan , Li Xuerong
Published: October 2023

In the coastal areas of China, scientists have collected nearly 500 species of coastal plants and seaweeds. The collected information includes species description, morphological characteristics, habitat distribution and resource value of plants in China. By effectively extracting Chinese text information, this article establishes a Chinese text information extraction model based on DL. This article is based on short-term and short-term memory artificial neural networks for short text classification. In addition, this article also integrates the L-MFCNN models of MFCNN for short text classification. Comparing the two methods with traditional text recognition algorithms, information extraction based on syntax analysis and deep learning, the results show that, compared with the comparison method, the recognition accuracy of Chinese text information of this neural network model can reach 96.69%. Through model training and parameter adjustment, Chinese text information of coastal biodiversity can be quickly extracted, and species categories or names can be identified.
Representações da educação profissional e tecnológica (EPT) em São Gabriel da Cachoeira - Amazonas
Authors: Barreto Roselinda Lima , Lacerda Junior José Cavalcante
Published: October 2023

A Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), relevante modalidade educacional, estrutura-se com a finalidade de promover a formação do exercício de profissões além da vivência, crítica e reflexiva, e da cidadania. O artigo ora apresentado objetiva investigar a trajetória da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica no município de São Gabriel da Cachoeira a partir dos relatos de sujeitos que experienciaram esse processo. Para tanto, utilizou-se como estratégia metodológica a abordagem narrativa com o intuito de se aproximar e compreender o fenômeno investigado a partir da experiência das pessoas em seu cotidiano. Para sua materialização, ancorou-se na realização de uma entrevista narrativa aplicada a 08 (oito) informantes no decorrer do ano de 2022. Considerando os elementos éticos da pesquisa, os dados construídos a partir da referida técnica foram analisados à luz da análise temática. Como resultado, observou-se que a representação dos informantes está assentada em 03 (três) elementos fundamentais para a compreensão da EPT em São Gabriel da Cachoeira: i) a EPT como prática da ação missionária; ii) a EPT como ação do Estado; iii) a EPT como fios que se lançam no futuro. Por fim, destaca-se que a pesquisa contribui, de forma científica, como fonte documental para construção de futuras políticas públicas neste segmento educativo no contexto dessa região Amazônia.
Synthesis of Iron-Carbon (Fe0-C) Nanocomposite and its Use for the Removal of Rhodamine-B and Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Masoud Wedad , Bhattacharjee Sourjya , Shanableh Abdallah
Published: October 2023

Contamination of water resources by industrial effluents consisting of organic (e.g., dyes) and inorganic (e.g., heavy metals) pollutants is a significant environmental challenge. Treatment techniques that can efficiently target multiple co-contaminants are critically needed to achieve both performance and cost efficiency. In this study we employed a novel approach to synthesize a nanocomposite material consisting of a zerovalent iron (Fe0) core and a carbon shell (C), and investigated its ability to simultaneously remove toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) and rhodamine B dye (RhB) in batch aqueous solutions. Advanced characterization techniques revealed the uniform distribution of carbon on Fe0 particles in the size range of 60-85 nm. The batch removal experiments showed a Cr (VI) removal of 50% and RhB removal reached 93% in mixed matrix systems. The removal capacity increased from 16 to 33 mg/g for Cr (VI) and from 2.4 to 5.5 mg/g for RhB when the particles were tested in a mixed matrix compared to those in individual contaminant systems. Removal of contaminants was achieved most likely due to the combined adsorptive and reductive properties of the nanocomposite. Overall, the study demonstrated the strong potential of Fe0-C nanocomposite particles in targeting and treating both organic and inorganic contaminants. Results from this study may be useful in developing and optimizing nanocomposite materials for the removal of multiple contaminants in complex aqueous matrices.
Metrological Assessment of Microtextured EDM Electrodes Generated by Additive Manufacturing and Electroforming
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Mariana , Hernández-Castellano Pedro M. , Sánchez-Morales Carlos Jesús , Marrero-Alemán María Dolores , Vazquez Martinez Juan Manuel
Published: October 2023

Surface engineering makes use of functional and aesthetic textures to meet different needs in the development of new products, with high-value enriched features. At present, the use of additive manufacturing is bringing many advantages in its integration into advanced hybrid manufacturing processes. The direct application of textures on 3D models is a viable, fast and sustainable solution in many of these technologies by reducing the consumption of resources in materials and energy, of the additional processes that have been commonly applied in these applications.One of the processes that allows texturization of materials with great hardness is sinker electro discharge machining. This process, although slow, allows to obtain textures in small dimensions with very high precision, difficult to achieve by conventional processes. However, one of the aspects that make it a slow and expensive process is the manufacture of electrodes, especially those with complex geometries.Therefore, work is being done to solve this aspect, combining the additive technology of stereolithography by mask (MSLA) and the electroforming process to generate micro-textured copper electrodes with some structured and bioinspired textures. The model parts are generated with the textures in MSLA, which are then metallized on the functional surfaces before being introduced into the electrolytic bath to generate the electroforms with the appropriate thickness. This work presents the results of the metrological assessment from he CAD modeling to the electroeroded part, including the generated model part and the electrode made from it. This work is being developed in the Integrated and Advanced Manufacturing research group of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and in collaboration with the Engineering and Materials and Manufacturing Technology research group of the University of Cadiz.
Why publish on Case Report in Emergency Surgery and Trauma (CREST)?
Authors: Ansaloni Luca , Catena Fausto , Fugazzola Paola , Tian Brian
Published: October 2023

In medicine and surgery, a case report (CR) is a comprehensive or intensive analysis of a single individual or particular group, while a case series is an association of similar CRs. A CR includes an exhaustive narrative report of the symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of a patient. CRs usually describe an unusual or novel occurrence or disease and sometimes contain a literature review of other reported cases. CRs can also be professional accounts that provide feedback on clinical practice guidelines and offer a framework for early signals of effectiveness, adverse events, and costs. They can be shared for medical, scientific, or educational purposes. CRs are always peer-reviewed, like other scientific journal article types. [...]
Sudden infant death syndrome: revealing this mystery is possible
Authors: Roncati Luca , Piscioli Francesco
Published: October 2023

Dear Editor, The sudden and unexpected loss of an infant in the first months of life is a heartbreaking and devastating experience for any parent. Understandably, it can be an extremely distressing time for the mother, who may often find herself unfairly burdened with guilt. When this tragic event occurs, a thorough investigation becomes necessary to determine the cause of death and also absolve the mother of any responsibility. [...]
Stakeholder role in setting curriculum priorities for expanding pharmacy scope of practice
Authors: Bertilsson Emma , Hall Susan , Bowden Michelle , Townshend James , Kelly Fiona
Published: October 2023

Globally, pharmacy education has evolved as scope of practice expands, from four-year bachelor’s programmes to extended, more clinically focused qualifications. Curriculum transformation is typically led by academics then presented to expert stakeholders for confirmation and comment. This study aimed to engage stakeholders in initial curriculum design to transform pharmacy education at one Australian university. The nominal group technique was used to identify priorities for curriculum and work integrated learning. Twenty-three diverse stakeholders proposed 153 ideas for curriculum and work integrated learning across four sessions, and these were consolidated into 10 to 11 over-arching statements per group and voted on. Group discussions were recorded, then transcribed verbatim followed by thematic analysis of transcripts. Priority areas included specific skills for extended scope and role specialisation, and innovative changes to work-integrated learning to ensure alignment with evolving complexity in practice. Early stakeholder participation enriched curriculum design using a sustainable approach to industry engagement.
Hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold supplemented with VEGF and BMP-2 growth factors enhanced osteogenic proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells
Authors: Maslina Musa Intan , Raudhah Abdullah Amira
Published: October 2023

Background: Engineered bone tissue, made up of hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold is the current alternative in bone transplant. The scaffold needs to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) to support bone growth and repair. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) are vital in producing a suitable ECM environment to promote bone regeneration.    
Objective: To elucidate the synergistic effect of VEGF and BMP-2 growth factors on MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells.    
Method: MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in vitro and seeded onto a HA scaffold supplied with VEGF and BMP-2 growth factors. The characterisation of its mineralisation was evaluated on Day three and Day seven using the Alizarin Red staining (ARS) technique.    
Result: Positive ARS staining was observed in the HA scaffold supplied with VEGF and BMP-2 growth factors in vitro, thus indicating that a high level of calcium was deposited. These results suggest that the combined use of VEGF and BMP-2 will increase cell proliferation and osteoblast differentiation in vitro.    
Conclusion: Therefore, the synergistic effects of VEGF and BMP-2-loaded HA scaffold confirm the process as a promising approach to enhance the osteogenic effect and support cellular functions of osteoblastic cells in bone tissue engineering applications.
Risk prediction models on adverse drug reactions: A review
Authors: Kurniawati Fivy , Kristin Erna , Febriana Sri Awalia , Pinzon Rizaldy T.
Published: October 2023

Background: The risk prediction model has become increasingly popular in recent years in helping clinical decision-making. Existing models cannot be directly applied in Indonesia.   
Objective: To review the existing prediction models and their limitations.     
Method: A search related to the prediction of ADR risk was conducted using several journal databases: PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. Articles were screened to match specified criteria and further studied.   
Result: Nine articles met the criteria and were then analysed. Studies were carried out in various countries. The study population include; the elderly (>65 years, three studies), age (≥15 years, three studies), patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (≥18 years, one study) and two studies in cancer patients. The outcomes were; ADR (five studies), ADE ( two studies), DRPs (one study), and cardiovascular effects (one study). The methods for determining the predictors of ADRs all used multivariable logistic regression.    
Conclusion: Each country has different treatment patterns, prescribing practices, traditions and drug distribution, so it is necessary to develop a prediction model for ADRs that is country-specific.
Drug safety awareness and rational use of medicines among university students in greater Bandung: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Yuniar Cindra Tri , Fauzy M. Fawaz El , Ihsan Ardika Fajrul , Amalia Lia
Published: October 2023

Background: In Indonesia, compliance to the rational use of medicines (RUM) was 47.08% in community healthcare centers, and so might the university students.    
Objectives: The study aims to evaluate students' knowledge and attitude toward the RUM and identify the correlation between these parameters and drug safety awareness.    
Method: A cross-sectional study used the online questionnaire among university students in Greater Bandung Area from March-April 2022. Spearman’s rank was carried out in correlation analysis between the parameters.    
Result: In 342 subjects, 54.1% of students have moderate knowledge of RUM and drug safety awareness (56.7%). However, 80.1% of students have a high attitude towards RUM. Attitude toward RUM formed a significant, weak, and unidirectional correlation with knowledge (r = 0.292) and so did with safety awareness (r = 0.345).    
Conclusion: Students have a positive attitude towards RUM while having moderate knowledge of RUM and drug safety awareness.
Computational docking toward cox-2 and synthesis of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate using microwave irradiation
Authors: Sulistyowaty Melanny Ika , Ekowati Juni , Guitomo Steven , Melania Imamatin Nufus , Nafi Muhammad Ilham Royyan
Published: October 2023

Background: Structure modification of organic compounds is needed to increase their bioactivity. Vanillin has been reported to has various therapeutic effects such as antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-invasive and metastatic suppression potential, anti-inflammatory and also antinociceptive activity. To increase the activity of organic compounds, we have to enhance the lipophilic properties by modifications of the structure.
Objective: The phenolic OH of vanillin can be modified by adding aromatic ring, carbonyl, and halogen to improve its bioactivity. The 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate is a vanillin derivative that has been modified to its phenolic –OH.
Method: In this study, the synthesis of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate was carried out by microwave irradiation with various power of 120, 200 and also 400 watt. The characterizations of the synthesized compound were carried out using FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectrophotometry. The molecular docking study used Autodock software with at the COX-2 receptor (PDB ID: 6COX) as target receptor.
Result: We used the microwave’s power of 120, 200 and also 400 watt to synthesis the target compound and produced 89.09%, 72.78% and 34.49% yield, consecutively. Molecular docking study at the COX-2 receptors was performed to predict the anti-inflammatory activity of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate. The docking results showed that the binding energy of 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate was lower on chain A of the receptor (-8.18 kcal/mol) than the starting material, vanillin (-4.96 kcal/mol). It predicted 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate has better activity than vanillin.
Conclusion: The 4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl-4-chlorobenzoate  was successfully synthesized and this finding proves that this compound essentials to be developed furthermore as an anti-inflammatory agent.
Overview of compliance to taking iron-folic acid supplementation at primary healthcare centre during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Wardani Hanie Kusuma , Puspitasari Hanni Prihhastuti , Priyandani Yuni
Published: October 2023

Background: One of the causes of anaemia in pregnant women is the insufficient intake of iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation. However, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the mobility of people, including pregnant women who were receiving IFA supplementation.
Objective: To assess pregnant women’s compliance in taking IFA supplementation tablets at the primary healthcare centre in the North Region of Kediri City during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This study was observational with a cross-sectional approach that utilised secondary data from the register of pregnant women and the list of IFA supplementation distribution in the North Region of Kediri City primary healthcare centre from January to December 2021.
Results: There were 767 visits made by pregnant women throughout 2021, with data collected from 366 pregnant women. Of these, 28% (101 people) of pregnant women took more than 90 tablets of IFA supplementation. In comparison, pregnant women had experienced anaemia during pregnancy were 11% (41 people). Pregnant women who experienced chronic energy deficiency 5% (19 people) are indicated by an upper arm circumference of less than 23.5cm.
Conclusion: The compliance of pregnant women who took IFA supplementation tablets at primary healthcare centres was relatively low, so that it could cause anaemia.
Assessment of medicines and potential pharmaceutical wastes management among households in Lamongan, Indonesia
Authors: Kusuma Familian , Munir Misbahul , Yuda Ana , Hermansyah Andi
Published: October 2023

Background: Storing medicines at home has been linked with irrational use, misuse, and pharmaceutical waste leading to an increased burden on the health system.    
Objective: This study examined the practice of storing and handling medicines at home, calculated the potential economic loss of pharmaceutical wastes, and measured the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of household medicine management.    
Method: A cross-sectional household survey using a pre-validated ReDiUM (Return and Disposal of Unused Medications) questionnaire was conducted in Lamongan, Indonesia. A convenience sampling of 100 families was done and the findings were subsequently analysed.    
Results: A low portion of families (37%) obtained medicines from authorised pharmacies. The majority (68%) mentioned that housewives managed the medicines at home. More than half (57%) stated that they still keep the leftover medicines and only one-third of the respondents (37%) stored them in the medicine basket. As a result, potential economic loss was estimated at around $2 per family. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient test showed a strong positive association between knowledge and attitude (p < 0.05)
Conclusion: Management of medicines at home has been an underrated topic within contemporary pharmacy research despite its potential threat to community health.
A study of the stability of antioxidant activity of green tea extract powder with vitamin C
Authors: Purwanto Djoko Agus , Agustin Betria Dwi , Ekowati Juni
Published: October 2023

Background: Green tea contains Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the highest antioxidant activity. EGCG is an unstable compound due to degradation. Vitamin C is thought to be able to regenerate EGCG radicals into normal forms and increase green tea's antioxidant activity.
Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the effect of adding vitamin C in maintaining the stability of the antioxidant activity of green tea.
Method: This research was carried out by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to determine the rate of decreasing antioxidant activity at 0 hours, six hours, and 24 hours by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method.
Result: IC50 values of green tea before and after the addition of vitamin C were obtained at 147.53 ppm and 97.75 ppm, respectively. The degradation rate of green tea before and after the addition of vitamin C was 0.4228 %/hour and 0.3231 %/hour, respectively.
Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of green tea with vitamin C is greater than without vitamin C addition. The degradation rate of green tea with vitamin C is smaller than green tea only, so the authors suggest the addition of vitamin C to green tea extract powder products to increase the stability of its antioxidant activity.
Docking study and molecular dynamic approach to predicting the activity of 4-(4-methoxy)benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid against COX-1 enzyme
Authors: Tasha Rossa Auli , Ekowati Juni , Suzana  , Maulana Saipul
Published: October 2023

Background: Ferulic acid is a phenolic acid compound that has anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombosis activity. However, ferulic acid has the disadvantage of poor absorption. Structural modifications can be made to increase the biological activity of the compound. In this research, the structure of ferulic acid was modified into 4-(4-methoxy)benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid.
Objective: The purpose of this research is to predict the activity of 4-(4-methoxy)benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid.
Method: It was carried out using the Pass Online Prediction, Autodock 1.5.7, Discovery Studio  and Maestro Schrödinger 2020-1 software.
Result: The activity prediction results showed that 4-(4-methoxy)benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid had anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic activity. The molecular docking results showed that 4-(4-methoxy)benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid had lower free bond energy values than ferulic acid, hence, predicted to have greater activity. Molecular dynamics also reveal better stability interactions of the 4-(4-methoxy)benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid with COX-1 protein than the ferulic acid.
Conclusion: The compund, 4-(4-methoxy)benzoyloxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid is feasible to be synthesised.
An assessment of platelet response to ticagrelor in post-percutaneous coronary intervention patients using light transmission platelet aggregometry (LTA)
Authors: Zulkarnain Bambang Subakti , Samlan Karima , Khotib Junaidi , Yogiarto Muhammad , Aminuddin Muhammad , Fatmawati Umi
Published: October 2023

Background: Low on-treatment platelet reactivity (LTPR) or High on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) with P2Y12 inhibitors is associated with bleeding (LTPR) or ischemic events (HTPR) in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).    
Objective: Mapping of Indonesian patients’ platelet response secondary to ticagrelor and thus identifying either LTPR or HTPR.    
Method: During May – June 2019, 20 post-PCI patients on aspirin–ticagrelor combination were included. Light transmission aggregometry (LTA) for monitoring platelet function was used. Ticagrelor’s LTA <40% is LTPR while >70% is HTPR.    
Result: Patients were mostly male (18 patients) and aged between 40-73 years old with a history of diabetes and/or hypertension and smoking. About eight patients (40%) were LTPR and one (5%) patient was HTPR.    
Conclusion: A personalised DAPT strategy for preventing bleeding events, a de-escalation, might be valuable for Indonesian patients.