bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Weaving the Nodes: Actor Relations in Forest Fire Handling
Authors: Rahmah Mutia , Khairi Halilul , Anggraini Wike , Saribulan Nur , Hamdi Muchlis
Published: March 2024

This study aims to identify and describe the actor-network on forest fire handling in South Sumatra in its all three stages. This study collects data through interviews and documents. R Studio is used to analyze and visualize the connection between actors. The results of this study show a formal division of activities among actors in forest fire handling based on Governor decree involving state and non-state actors. However, non-state actors were not involved in every operational activity, especially in the pre-disaster stage. Furthermore, the Head of the Forest and Land Fire Control Section plays an essential role in the pre-disaster stage, the Regional Disaster Management Agency in the emergency stage, while there is no actor interactions in the post-disaster stage. Such situation requires a better actor-network by weaving the nodes to ensure effective coordination considering the role, interaction, and intervention of the actors as well as the nature of inclusiveness through the involvement of all actors, especially that of non-state actors. The limitation of this study is dealing with its focus just on one perspective that is based on the legal framework. Future research is expected to broaden the perspective with empirical and factual research.
Keywords: forest fire handling, network, social network analysis, south Sumatra
Thermally Triggered Drug Delivery by Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Co -Conjugated with Gold as a Nano-Drug Carrier in Cancer Therapy
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Thanjavur Medical College, Thanjavur (TN), India, Ponnusamy Anusha
Published: March 2024

Nanoparticles can be modified with polymers and bioactive molecules aiming to achieve full efficiency in therapy and specific targeting. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) is an organic-inorganic (RSiO1.5)8 hybrid material that consists of a –Si-O- inorganic core surrounded by tunable organic moieties. POSS is a highly symmetrical, cage-like structure, possible to add functional groups, both organic and inorganic in precision. POSS has been synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, 1H NMR, EDAX, SEM, and TEM. It has been developed along with the thiol end group and paves a space for cross-linked nanostructures formationPOSS-SH. Voids and spaces in the POSS cross-linked nanocarrier give enough space for drug loading up to 50 weight percentages. Here the therapy is done with the help of drug delivery application in an acidic medium found in the cancer cell site and acts as an internal trigger for drug releasefrom POSS. T h e Presence of thiol end terminal has a greater affinity for attachment of gold which in turn provides an add-on application of photo dynamic therapy this combination is gold POSS- SH-Au. Cell viability studies proved that the POSS nanostructures are biocompatible. Thedeveloped POSS nanostructures can even be activated at acidic conditions, used for sustained release of drugs at specific targets, and provide in-vivo stability until they reache the tumor site. ThePOSS-SH-Au resulted an improvement in aqueous stability as its chains have the tendency to wraparound the siloxane cage and prevent the water from getting close to the siloxane frameworks. Keywords: POSS, Crosslinked POSS nanodrug carrier, Cancer drug delivery, Gold nanoparticles, Upconverting nanoparticles.
Determination of Planning Target Volume in Radiotherapy - A Review
Authors:   Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Guwahati, Changsari, Assam-781101, India, Lahkar Dhanjit
Published: March 2024

Treatment volume definitions used in three-dimensional radiotherapy treatment planning are essential in advancing treatment modalities. However, there are many sources of error during the treatment preparation and execution that limit the accuracy. Consequently, a safety margin is required to add to the target to ensure that the planned dose is delivered to the target. Multiple margins surround the tumour to reduce positional inaccuracy, such as Clinical Target Volume (CTV), Planning Target Volume (PTV), etc. The International Commission of Units and Measurement (ICRU) recommended margins in 1978. It was later reviewed in Reports 50 and 62 of ICRU, providing information on margins covering gross volume, clinical volume, and critical structures that should be eliminated as feasible. This article aims to discuss various techniques and methods that various authors have created. Keywords: Margin, Errors, GTV, CTV, ITV, PTV, ICRU 50, ICRU 62, Radiotherapy.
Role of Uterine Artery Ligation and Chemotherapy in Atypical Cases of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: A Case Report of Atypical GTD Diagnosis & Management
Authors: Sushant Mittal Poonam Maggo
Published: March 2024

Introduction Gestational trophoblastic disease[1 i ] is a rare developmental form of proliferative trophoblastic tissue in women of reproductive age that involves both benign and malignant entities that include hydatidiform mole (complete or partial), choriocarcinoma, invasive mole, epithelioid trophoblastic tumor (ETT), and placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT). Four of these known as gestational trophoblastic neoplasia [2 ii], and hydatidiform is most common type of GTD. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease that is almost always malignant, and can metastasize and be fatal if not treated. The ultimate treatment for GTD includes surgery (evacuation of the proliferative trophoblastic tissue, hysterectomy), chemotherapy regimens, radiotherapy and emerging targeted therapies. It is one of the most chemotherapy responsive and highly curable cancer. In most instances, it is cured by surgical evacuation of the uterus. If persistent, it is treated with chemotherapy which provides response in >90% of the cases. In the unresponsive persistent cases and if the women has completed her child bearing, hysterectomy is generally recommended. Here, we report a case of atypical GTD {uncommon, that is not fitting a single diagnosis} treated by chemotherapy and bilateral uterine artery ligation.
A Study on RFT Markers
Authors:   PG Student, Department of Biochemistry, Mohammad Yunus
Published: March 2024

For assessing the proper functions of the kidneys, we need to assess the renal function markers. There are various types of renal markers like radioactive and also which are non - radioactive. The different renal markers are used to assess the GFR.The aim of this dissertation is to study various markers and also analyze the present and newly developed renal function markers that help for diagnosing various clinical abnormalities of this origin.(1)
Tumoral Calcinosis (TC) of iliac Crest in a 70 year-Old Female: A Case Report
Authors:   Pathologist, Department of Pathology, RML Mehrotra Pathology Pvt. Ltd, Nirala Nagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, Mehrotra Supriya
Published: March 2024

A seventy-year-old lady had a hard tumor mass in left sacroiliac region. She was operated. Biopsy was taken from the left iliac crest and histopathological examination was done. Tumor measured 3×2×2 cms approximately. It was chalky-white ball-like. Its surface was lobulated. Microscopically, it showed small and large areas of necrosis and calcification. Areas of mild-to-moderate lymphocytic infiltration were seen. Fibrosis and hyalinization were seen. Bony trabeculae and osteoid formation were also seen. The patient was finally diagnosed as a case of primary tumoral calcinosis of sacroiliac region. Keywords: Soft tissue calcification necrosis osteoid formation chronic inflammation
Clinicopathological Correlation of P53 Protein Expression in different Histological Subtypes of Gastric Carcinoma
Authors:   Consultant, Department of Pathology, Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh, India, Tana Yasap
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Gastric cancer is one of the common cancers after lung cancer worldwide, especially in the developing countries. p53 immunohistochemical expression has been proposed as a potential tool to evaluate the biological behavior of gastric cancer. However, its practical implication in gastric cancer prognosis or treatment by restoration of mutated p53 function is yet to be fully exploited. Hence, this study with the aim of assessing the yield of p53 expression in gastric carcinoma and its relationship with various clinicopathological parameters was formulated. Objectives: To assess immunohistochemical expression of p53 protein in different histological subtypes of gastric carcinoma cases and to study correlation between p53 protein expression and different clinicopathological parameters like age, gender, tumour location, gross pattern, histological types, degree of tumor differentiation and pathological staging in the above said cases. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study done over a period of 18 months on 60 cases of gastrectomies with proven histological diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. Observation and Results: Strong p53 expression was frequent among elderly male patients (>60 years) who had ulceroproliferative tumors, located at pyloric antrum belonging to pTNM stage IIIA. In 87% cases, it was expressed, predominantly in moderately differentiated intestinal type with serosal invasion. Also, cases even with no lymph node metastasis showed p53 expression. Conclusion: Few findings were contradictory to other similar studies e.g. lymph node negative cases showing P53 expression does not support the hypothesis of predicting lymph node status by p53 expression. No significant correlation between p53 expression and different clinicopathological parameters in gastric carcinoma cases was seen. Keywords: P53, immunohistochemical, clinicopathological, histological subtypes, metastasis
Challenges in Diagnosing and Managing Pulmonary Conditions: A Case Series Highlighting Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Lung Cancer
Authors:   Chest Physician and Unit Head in Unit 4, Medical Department Group of TB Hospital Sewri Mumbai, Faculty for Post Graduate Diploma in Chest and Tuberculosis, Tropical Medicine, in College of Physician and Surgeon CPS Mumbai, Nanavare Dr Rajendra Tatu
Published: March 2024

This study delves into the intricate challenges encountered in diagnosing and managing pulmonary conditions, focusing on tuberculosis (TB) and lung cancer, especially in individuals with a history of cancer treatment and tobacco use. Through a detailed analysis of clinical cases, we explore the complexities associated with TB reactivation post-cancer therapy and the hurdles in timely diagnosing lung cancer in tobacco users. Three cases are presented: A 60-year-old male with a history of pulmonary TB, bidi smoking, and a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma after presenting with persistent cough and imaging findings suggestive of lung cancer. A 57-year-old male, post-cancer treatment, presenting with cough, diagnosed with TB after immunosuppression, highlighting diagnostic challenges in this population. A 63-year-old female with a prolonged cough and blood streaks in sputum, not responding to anti-TB treatment, ultimately diagnosed with lung cancer due to tobacco use. These cases underscore the need for vigilant monitoring and early intervention in post-cancer individuals vulnerable to latent TB reactivation, comprehensive diagnostic approaches for immunocompromised patients, and heightened awareness of the association between tobacco use and lung cancer. The study emphasizes the importance of thorough assessments, timely interventions, and collaborative efforts among healthcare providers to optimize outcomes in patients with overlapping health concerns. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the complexities of managing patients with a history of cancer, TB, and tobacco use, advocating for a holistic approach in diagnosis and management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Further research and clinical guidelines are warranted to refine treatment strategies and enhance the care of individuals facing these dual health challenges. Keywords: Lung Cancer, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Lung Cancer and Pulmonary.
Green or Yellow Light for Market F(l)avours? The Lecturer Perspectives of Market-Oriented Organisational Culture in the Changing World of Hungarian Higher Education
Authors: Heidrich Balázs , Kása Richárd , Németh Tamás
Published: March 2024

This study focuses on the success factors of a Hungarian business university, highlighting an important pillar among the success criteria: a coherent and market-oriented organisational culture that can adapt to the changing conditions including transitions and sustainability-related challenges. Our research question is to what extent organisational culture helps or hinders market-oriented organisational behaviour, and to what extent it supports an organisation's success in higher education. Through the example of the Budapest Business University (BBU) the study shows how Cameron-Quinn's organisational culture model (OCAI) - with regard to market orientation - appears in the domestic university scenario. Based on our research the role of market orientation in higher education is clarified: there is a connection between the organisation's strategy, culture and market orientation, but there are different viewpoints regarding the organisational values related to market orientation. The authors argue that the immanent element of organisational functioning (i.e. the market-oriented organisational culture), fundamentally contributes to how successfully a model-changing university adapts in the market space designated for it.
Dobre prakse povezovanja ergonomije in trajnosti v sodobnih organizacijah
Authors: Medved Tilen , Balantič Zvone
Published: March 2024

V okvirih trajnostnega razvoja vse bolj pomembno vlogo predstavlja tudi ergonomija, kar se kaže predvsem v kontekstu sodobnega organizacijskega razvoja. S pomočjo SWOT analize je moč analizirati prednosti, slabosti, priložnosti ter nevarnosti vključevanja ergonomije v trajnostni razvoj organizacije. V raziskavi je poleg analize interdisciplinarnih povezav med omenjenima strokovnima vedama predstavljeno večje število dobrih praks, ki so skladne z ergonomskimi načeli za izboljšanje zdravja ter dobrega počutja zaposlenih na delovnem mestu. Te prakse so večplastne in zajemajo ergonomsko zasnovo delovnega prostora, uporabo energetsko učinkovite pisarniške opreme, trajnostne postopke javnega naročanja, spoštovanje standardov zelene gradnje in izvajanje pobud, ki segajo od prizadevanj za zmanjšanje odpadkov do oblikovanja politik dela na daljavo. Implementacija strategij ohranjanja zdravja ter povečanja zadovoljstva zaposlenih dviga raven produktivnosti in prispeva k ohranjanju okolja. Predstavljen je model, ki ponuja možnost vključitve ergonomije v trajnostni proces, ki naj bi tekel v vsaki organizaciji. Model poleg načrta za organizacije, ki si prizadevajo za bolj zdravo, učinkovitejšo in okoljsko ozaveščeno prihodnost, poudarja tudi pomen spodbujanja celostnega pristopa k organizacijski odličnosti.
Unraveling the ESG Reporting Landscape: A Comprehensive Analysis of Standards, Frameworks, and Impact on Firms
Authors: Moradi Amir , Tóth-Pajor Ákos , Gobato Souto Hugo
Published: March 2024

In the constantly changing landscape of corporate sustainability, navigating the complex network of ESG reporting standards and frameworks has become a significant challenge for businesses worldwide. This research seeks to improve understanding of ESG reporting and shed light on the complexities of the ESG disclosure landscape by focusing on three aspects of ESG reporting: regulatory standards, ESG frameworks, and their impact on firms. It provides detailed comparisons of various themes of standards and frameworks, as well as a comprehensive examination of the diverse methodologies used by ESG data providers to determine and quantify ESG scores or rankings. By clarifying the intricacies of these methodologies, our research aims to provide stakeholders with a deeper understanding of the underlying processes that drive the generation and dissemination of ESG data within the financial ecosystem. Ultimately, we highlight key findings from different regions, offering insights into the varying effects of ESG disclosure on firm characteristics.
Goodbye CSR? - Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Factors in Tourism
Authors: Putzer Petra , Posza Alexandra
Published: March 2024

The study examines whether the growing popularity of the ESG approach could result in the decline or disappearance of the CSR concept, which has encountered numerous challenges in practical implementation. The question is analyzed in the context of the tourism sector. After introducing the relationship between CSR and ESG, this paper examines the connection between responsibility and tourism, with a focus on sustainability in the sector under study. The empirical research methodology used is bibliometric analysis, which involves 924 studies using Publish or Perish (PoP) software and PRISMA methodology. The analysis has explored the relationship between sustainability and tourism, as well as between tourism and ESG. The bibliometric maps reveal a strong relationship between CSR and ESG concepts in the study area. It is important to note that ESG does not replace CSR, but rather provides a measurement and framework for it to address its problems. In the tourism sector, the ESG field is dominated by the first 'E' pillar, meaning that sustainability is mainly focused on environmental and natural aspects, while social or even economic sustainability, and ethics are less prominent.
REVISIÓN DEL REQUISITO DE CORTANTE BASAL MÍNIMO PARA EDIFICIOS ALTOS UBICADOS EN LA CIUDAD DE MÉXICO
Authors: Nuñez Quiroz Luis , Terán Gilmore Amador
Published: March 2024

Se presenta una evaluación del requisito de fuerza cortante basal mínima (FCBM) de las Normas Técnicas Complementarias para Diseño por Sismo (NTC-Sismo, 2020). La evaluación consiste en generar espectros de inestabilidad dinámica para diferentes sitios de la Ciudad de México y compararlos con sus correspondientes espectros de diseño. La inestabilidad dinámica se evalúa en términos del factor de reducción de resistencia al colapso, Rc, que relaciona las ordenadas de un espectro elástico de pseudoaceleración con la resistencia lateral mínima que le permite a un sistema de un grado de libertad (SUGL) permanecer estable ante un movimiento del suelo dado. En el estudio de Rc se consideran tres modelos histeréticos con envolvente fuerza-desplazamiento trilineal, degradación cíclica de resistencia y efectos P-Delta. Mediante un estudio paramétrico se identifican los parámetros que más influyen sobre el factor Rc para cada modelo histerético ante varios movimientos del suelo representativos de los sismos que ocurren en la Ciudad de México. Posteriormente, se comparan los resultados de los tres modelos histeréticos y se elige el modelo que se emplea en la evaluación de la FCBM. Finalmente, se obtienen los espectros de inestabilidad dinámica y se comparan con sus respectivos espectros de diseño. Se muestra que en edificios regulares en los que el mecanismo de colapso involucra a la mayoría de sus niveles no se requiere el requisito de FCBM.
Engendering Taxation: a Research and Policy Agenda
Authors: Joshi Anuradha , Kangave Jalia , van den Boogaard Vanessa
Published: March 2024

Increased attention has been paid to the gender dimensions of taxation in recent years, though there has been limited research on the subject – particularly in lower-income contexts. Understanding how tax policies might affect women in lower-income countries is important at the current time, when governments are looking for new ways to increase domestic revenue – particularly through expanding the tax base. Given that women have historically represented only a small part of the formal workforce in these contexts, a shift towards indirect taxes and taxing the informal economy are likely to have a disproportionate effect on poorer households, and women in particular. Understanding whether, and in what specific ways, tax policy in lower-income countries affects the ability of women to participate in the workforce and carry out their caring responsibilities within households is critical for ensuring development with gender justice. This paper reviews the existing literature and related debates on gender and tax in lower income countries. It identifies knowledge gaps, and maps broader issues that are relevant for understanding the gendered impact of taxation. The paper makes four broad observations. First, existing research focuses on formal direct taxes that are less relevant for women in lower-income contexts, given their high participation rates in the informal economy. Instead, presumptive taxes, user fees and informal taxes place a disproportionate burden on low income women. Second, there needs to be greater attention paid to the ways in which women in senior and junior positions in tax administration can affect how taxpayers interact with tax authorities. Third, any assessment of tax policy’s impact on gender needs to consider revenue and expenditure together to ensure that the positive effects of tax policies are not undermined by budgets, or vice versa. Finally, we show that there has been insufficient gender-disaggregated data collection and analysis, which is required to draw generalizable conclusions about the gendered impact of tax policy. We argue that tax specialists need to think about research questions that address these gaps, and simultaneously address methodological challenges by gender disaggregation in data collection, as well as impact evaluation of tax policy implementation and innovation. Our overall conclusions are that tax policies can be made gender-neutral by paying careful attention to where they affect women differentially. There are opportunities for governments to explore policies that positively discriminate as a way to address structural gendered inequities. At the same time we recognise that, barring a few exceptions, tax policy and administration is often an unwieldy instrument to address gender equity directly. Instead other policies relating to labour markets, social protection and public services are better placed to be gender-transformative.
Book Review François-Xavier DeVaujany, Jeremy Aroles, Mar Péretz (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of phenomenologies and organization studies, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2023
Authors: Savarese Maria
Published: March 2024

The recently edited The Oxford Handbook of phenomenologies and organization studies looks at the world of phenomenologies as they apply to the world of organizations while focusing on both the theoretical tension and its relevance for scholars of Management and Organization Studies (MOS). In this review, I concentrate on the concept of ‘circularity’ and of ‘precession’ to show how philosophy can arise from the bottom of practices and ultimately reveal itself as a practice, as the editors of this Handbook suggest.
Reinscribing Accessibility in Higher Education: The Case for the Inclusion of Automated Captions in Universities
Authors: Locke Kathryn , Rose Callan , Sulllivan Liz , Corkill Callum , Lopes Elaine , Ellis Katie , Kent Mike
Published: March 2024

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and accessible technology have facilitated the introduction of automated speech recognition (ASR) based captioning within online lecture capture systems used by universities. Captioning for recorded lecture material has traditionally only been produced as a ‘by request’ option for students who require lecture transcripts. The provision of automated captioning has only emerged as an accessibility feature within lecture capture systems in recent years and is automatically available to all students. This article presents the findings of a survey of over 400 students at one Australian university on their use and perception of automated captioned lectures, with particular attention being paid to their value for both students with disabilities and the increasingly diverse student population. This research highlights the value of automated captioning for all students, including those with disabilities and, for example, those who are studying in a non-native language environment. We argue that ASR features should be incorporated into the provision of higher education lectures, as an inclusive strategy, recognising accessibility as normative practice. Moreover, in designing for access and promotion of universal design, disability is reattributed to inaccessible environments, rather than the individual. Indeed, while the ASR transcripts are an accessibility feature, they are perhaps most important as a disrupter, a moment to rethink the culture of access.
Lambadas das Quebradas Vol. 1: a origem da lambada/guitarrada de Mestre Vieira, no Pará
Authors: Caraveo Saulo , Chada Sonia
Published: March 2024

Este artigo traz reflexões sobre os contextos históricos e sociais que oportunizaram a origem da lambada/guitarrada no Pará, a partir de análises musicais realizadas sobre o primeiro álbum gravado por Mestre Vieira, um dos principais compositores da lambada/guitarrada no estado do Pará. Considerado o primeiro álbum dedicado integralmente ao gênero musical lambada, o LP Lambadas das Quebradas Vol. 1, lançado no ano de 1978, traz informações históricas e musicais que revelam os processos musicais criativos que deram origem à lambada/guitarrada de Mestre Vieira, bem como a força de atuação e o direcionamento da indústria de entretenimento sobre a produção e prática musical local no Pará. Como desenvolver uma metodologia que nos permita analisar musicalmente o álbum Lambadas das Quebradas Vol. 1, de Mestre Vieira, e que, portanto, nos auxilie acerca de reflexões sobre os contextos históricos que implicam diretamente em seu processo criativo? Como organizar e apresentar os resultados das análises musicais realizadas sobre o LP? Além da revisão bibliográfica sobre o assunto, foi realizada pesquisa de campo entre os anos de 2017 e 2023, que considerou aspectos metodológicos e teóricos da Etnomusicologia. As análises realizadas sobre o álbum original da lambada/guitarrada de Mestre Vieira revelam um rico e importante registro da produção musical popular no Pará ainda pouco explorada pela historiografia dominante no Brasil, e, considerando a linha do tempo de gravação, produção e lançamento do referido álbum de música, foram constatadas a multiplicidade de gêneros musicais que orbitam os processos criativos de Mestre Veira e a imponente atuação da indústria de entretenimento transnacional sobre este tipo de produção local.
THE INTERPRETIVE POTENTIAL OF PRECEDENT NAMES IN THE HEADLINES OF THE ENGLISH-LANGUAGE NEWS ARTICLES
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Babina L.V. , Shevyreva E.O. ,   Derzhavin Tambov State University
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the interpretive potential of precedent names derived from personal names in the English language. Previous studies in the theory of precedence have proved a precedent name to convey a complex of cultural and background information that allows it to be used as a common name occasionally in a specific context. We describe this complex of information as an anthroponymic matrix which includes several suggested cognitive contexts. In the process of our work, we have used the modern methods of cognitive linguistics to outline the multifaceted knowledge structure represented by a precedent name and discovered that it is nothing but a concept with its cognitive characteristics. The paper focuses on the crucial role of cognitive mechanisms in the process of a precedent name developing its occasional sense. This newly-formed sense has a certain effect on the perception of the text, in which the name performs its specific functions. The empirical data for this study has been gathered from online newspapers and Internet resources where a precedent name is used as a part of a headline. The authors of the paper have found out that in most cases a precedent name is able to convey both positive and negative evaluative meanings aimed at the formation of the reader’s opinion about the problem under discussion.
Civic Education in Border: Forms of Strengthening Nationalism for Indonesian-Malaysian Border Communities in Sebatik Island
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi , Setyowati Roro Nanik , Usmi Rianda , Huda Mi'rojul
Published: March 2024

The existence of Citizenship Education in Indonesia has a significant and strategic role in the effort to build the character of the nation. Citizens with the Spirit of Nationalism are one form of the nation's character. Citizenship education is taught from elementary school to college by the School of Citizenship Education (SCE). Citizenship Education in the Community is called the Community of Citizenship Education (CCE). The existence of Citizenship Education in strengthening the nationalism of citizens is also present in the border area, precisely in Sebatik Island Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province, which is directly adjacent to Malaysia. However, people in this region use ringgit money to buy, sell, and use Malaysian products to meet their daily needs, as well as the alleged existence of dual citizenship that is legally prohibited in Indonesia, which shows indications of weakening nationalism. This research uses a Qualitative Approach with the Case study method with the Informant who took a purposive sampling of Government, Community Leaders, Youth Leaders, Teachers, Military, and Journalists. This research aims to find forms of Citizenship Education for people in border areas of the State to Strengthen Nationalism. The results show that Forms of Strengthening border community nationalism are implemented through Community Citizenship Education by the Government, Entrepreneurs, Youth, and Media. Meanwhile, the School of Citizenship Education is implemented by Citizenship Education Teachers.

 

 
ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF ORGANIC FARMS IN POLAND IN 2005–2020
Authors:   Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Siedlce, Siedlce, Poland, BOMBIK Elżbieta , BOMBIK Antoni ,   Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Siedlce, Siedlce, Poland, KORCZYK-SZABÓ Joanna ,   Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
Published: March 2024

The objective of the present work is to evaluate the performance of organic farms, their production potential, the size of crop and livestock production and the opportunities for their development in Poland in the years 2005–2020. The work draws on statistical data published by the Agricultural and Food Quality Inspection (IJHARS) from the years 2005–2021. The data was characterised by calculating the dynamics index. Moreover, 18 organic farms located in the Mazowieckie Voivodship were surveyed. The primary data was collected using the direct interview method at the end of 2020. The results were used to calculate the number and percentage of organic farms. In the studied period, that is in the years 2005–2020, a variety of changes took place in organic farming in Poland. Until 2013, there occurred a steady increase in the number and area of organic farms. From 2014 to 2020, the number dropped by 30% whereas the organically farmed area decreased by 24%. What is more, a decline in the number of medium-sized farms (5–20 ha) was accompanied by a rise in the number of larger farms (whose area exceeded 20 ha). There were also noticeable changes in the structure of land use, organic production being abandoned in grasslands (meadows and pastures) in favour of cereals and other crops, orchards, berries and field vegetables. In the years 2005–2020, there was a positive trend of growing numbers of livestock, that is dairy cows, sheep, goats, it being particularly high for young beef cattle and laying hens. By contrast, a decline was observed in the number of fattening swine. The causes of the declining numbers of organic farms and organically managed area are economic in character and include scattered production, difficulties with selling organic products, strong reliance of organic production, animal production in particular, on public support, high costs and low profitability of this type of agricultural activity and low incomes earned by organic farms. The future performance of organic holdings and the development of this type of agriculture will be conditioned by both economic and organisational factors, as well as sufficient support of organic production, integration and cooperation among entities operating in this sector, well organised market as well as availability and promotion of organic products, which will hopefully increase demand on and marketisation of this production. It is important that organic farms should rely on balance between crop and livestock production so as to expand mixed production, which, in turn, will let them gain competitive advantage and become part of the concept of sustainable development.
Bridging the artificial intelligence inventorship gap
Authors: Wu J.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to study the gaps in the legal regulation of relations in the sphere of inventions made by artificial intelligence.Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and sociological.Results: in Thaler v. Vidal, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit ruled that an artificial intelligence (AI) machine cannot be an inventor under patent law. This decision leaves open the question of whether a natural person can be the legal inventor of AI-generated inventions. This is a pressing question because it decides whether AI-generated inventions are patentable, as no patent rights can exist without an inventor. Scholars have proposed two doctrines that might resolve this question: the doctrine of simultaneous conception and reduction to practice and the doctrine of first to recognize and appreciate. This article analyzes the two doctrines and argues that neither doctrine readily applies to AI-generated inventions, thereby leaving an “inventorship gap”.Scientific novelty: the article is the first to pose and solve the problem of legal regulation of inventions made with the help of artificial intelligence and to state the need for the U.S. Congress to amend the copyright law in terms of recognizing a physical person who uses artificial intelligence to generate inventions as the author of such inventions. It bridges the gap in legal regulation of relations in the sphere of inventions and patenting and facilitates the goals of the patent system.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to the legal regulation of relations in the sphere of inventions made by artificial intelligence.
Content Analysis of Judges’ Sentiments Toward Artificial Intelligence Risk Assessment Tools
Authors: Fine A. , Le S. , Miller M. K.
Published: March 2024

Objective: to analyze the positions of judges on risk assessment tools using artificial intelligence.Methods: dialectical approach to cognition of social phenomena, allowing to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors, which predetermined the following research methods: formal-logical and sociological.Results: Artificial intelligence (AI) uses computer programming to make predictions (e.g., bail decisions) and has the potential to benefit the justice system (e.g., save time and reduce bias). This secondary data analysis assessed 381 judges’ responses to the question, “Do you feel that artificial intelligence (using computer programs and algorithms) holds promise to remove bias from bail and sentencing decisions?”Scientific novelty: The authors created apriori themes based on the literature, which included judges’ algorithm aversion and appreciation, locus of control, procedural justice, and legitimacy. Results suggest that judges experience algorithm aversion, have significant concerns about bias being exacerbated by AI, and worry about being replaced by computers. Judges believe that AI has the potential to inform their decisions about bail and sentencing; however, it must be empirically tested and follow guidelines. Using the data gathered about judges’ sentiments toward AI, the authors discuss the integration of AI into the legal system and future research.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in scientific, pedagogical and law enforcement activities when considering the issues related to the legal risks of using artificial intelligence.
Anti-sanction and sanction economic policy of Russia in 2022–2025. Part 2: Aftermaths of sanctions war, management of changes, clarification of research concepts
Authors: Manushin D. V.
Published: March 2024

Objectives: to study and forecast the state of the Russian economy after the intensification of the sanctions war and formalization of the Russian anti-sanctions and sanctions economic policy.Methods: the research uses such techniques of abstract-logical method as analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, formalization, and forecasting.Results: The main macroeconomic indicators of Russia were analyzed (2006–2023) and forecasted (2024–2025). The impact of sanctions on the negative trends in the development of industries mainly contributing to the Russia’s GDP was assessed. As a result, the author identified the industries that have become drivers of the country’s economic development, as well as those subjected to the most significant pressure as a result of the sanctions. the comparative analysis of indicators allowed us to conclude that the Russian economy as a whole in the medium term coped with the sanctions load better than the world economy with the consequences of the sanction war. Conclusions were made on the results of anti-Russian sanctions and Russia’s response measures. Russia’s sanctions, anti-sanctions and counter-sanctions economic policy was formalized.Scientific novelty: the concepts of “sanctions economic policy”, “anti-sanctions economic policy”, “counter-sanctions economic policy”, “sanctions policy”, “anti-sanctions policy”, “counter-sanctions policy” were clarified. The main goals of sanctions and anti-sanctions economic policy of Russia were revealed. The principles of Russia’s sanctions and anti-sanctions policy were supplemented. It was shown that the Russian sanctions economic policy is open, rational, protective and protectionist. It was found that Russia’s anti-sanctions economic policy is highly politicized, medium-term and protectionist. The main directions of development of anti-sanctions and sanctions economic policy of Russia were outlined.Practical significance: the obtained results will allow understanding the essence, causes and processes in the management of the Russia’s sanctions and anti-sanctions activity, predicting its results more accurately, and determining measures to correct the anti-sanctions and sanctions policy of the Russian Federation.
An Estimated Two-Country DSGE Model to Analyse Monetary Policy with Heterogeneous Agents : Euro Area and the US Economy
Authors: signe Franck Xavier , POUTINEAU Jean-Christophe , Gankou Jean Marie
Published: March 2024

This paper seeks to quantitatively assess the key role in an open economy of heterogeneity in the conduct of monetary policy in the Euro area and the US. We take into account the fact that these two economies trade with each other and with the rest of the world, as well as the role played by the exchange rate in their trade. Using Bayesian estimation techniques, we estimate two models that take these specificities into account, one with representative agents (RANK model), the other with heterogeneous agents (TANK model). Analysis of the Bayes ratio and the characteristics of the two models shows that the TANK model plays a key role in the conduct of monetary policy in the Euro area and the US, and in mitigating cycles and fluctuations. The US economy is more sensitive to heterogeneity than the Euro area economy, as the differences in parameters between the models are greater in the US than in the Euro area.
JEL Classification: E21 , E31 , E40 , E50 , E52 , E61
Design and Synthesis of Novel Benzoazepinone Derivatives as Potent Estrogen Receptor Alpha Inhibitors
Authors: Venugopal N.V.S. , Srinivasa Nizampatnam , Jagadeesh S. Tirumala
Published: March 2024

Background
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) block the effects of estrogen on breast cancer cells by sitting in the estrogen receptors. If a SERM is in the estrogen receptor, estrogen can't attach to the cancer cell and the cell doesn't receive estrogen's signals to grow and multiply. The goal of this research is to develop small drug-like molecules of novel Benzoazepinone derivatives that mimic the ability of the SERM (Tamoxifene and Raloxifene) to binds with estrogen receptor protein.
Methods
2-Phenylethyl bromide undergoes amino alkylation through mannich reaction with CH3NH2 and chloro acetyl chloride, gives 2-chloro-N-methyl-N-phenethylacetamide, which is further undergoing cyclization gives 3-methyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[d]azepin-2-one.2-phenylethyl bromide. 1-amino-3-methyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[d]azepin-2-one.di-p-toluoyl-1-tartaric acid and 1-amino-3-methyl-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[d]azepin-2-one. HCl was obtained by treatment with di-p-toluoyl-l-tartaric acid and con. HCl respectively. Finally, this intermediate undergoes nucleophilic addition reactions with different substituted aldehydes. All the compounds were screened for their in-vitro cytotoxicity activity using Vero and MDA MB 231 cell lines by MTT assay.
Results
IC50 values from Cytotoxicity studies by MTT assay ranges from 11µg/ml to 153µg/ml. A total of 15 compounds were synthesized by using a diverse scheme and the title compounds have exhibited low to high in-vitro anticancer activity with MDA MB 231 cells. Compared to the standard (Raloxifene 6 µg/ml), the developed compounds T2 (35µg/ml), T10 (36µg/ml), T14 (11µg/ml) and T15 (22 µg/ml).
Conclusion
Finally, four compounds might be used as a lead molecule for future development into a therapeutically viable anti-ER positive breast cancer drug from the benzoazepinone derivatives family.
Spatial Pattern of Bias in Areal Rainfall Estimations and Its Impact on Hydrological Modeling: A Comparative Analysis of Estimating Areal Rainfall Based on Radar and Weather Station Networks in South Korea
Authors: So Byung-Jin , Kim Hyung-Suk , Kwon Hyun-Han
Published: March 2024

Areal rainfall is routinely estimated based on the observed rainfall data using distributed point rainfall gauges. However, the data collected are sparse and cannot represent the continuous rainfall distribution (or field) over a large watershed due to the limitations of weather station networks. Recent improvements in remote-sensing-based rainfall estimation facilitate more accurate and effective hydrological modeling with a continuous spatial representation of rainfall over a watershed of interest. In this study, we conducted a systematic stepwise comparison of the areal rainfalls estimated by a synoptic weather station and radar station networks throughout South Korea. The bias in the areal rainfalls computed by the automated synoptic observing system and automatic weather system networks was analyzed on an hourly basis for the year 2021. The results showed that the bias increased significantly for hydrological analysis; more importantly, the identified bias exhibited a magnitude comparable to that of the low flow. This discrepancy could potentially mislead the overall rainfall-runoff modeling process. Moreover, the areal rainfall estimated by the radar-based approach significantly differed from that estimated by the existing Thiessen Weighting approach by 4–100%, indicating that areal rainfalls from a limited number of weather stations are problematic for hydrologic studies. Our case study demonstrated that the gauging station density must be within 10 km2 on average for accurate areal rainfall estimation. This study recommends the use of radar rainfall networks to reduce uncertainties in the measurement and prediction of areal rainfalls with a limited number of ground weather station networks.
Instruction Multi-Constraint Molecular Generation Using a Teacher-Student Large Language Model
Authors: Zeng Xiangxiang , Zhou Peng , Wang Jianmin , Li Chunyan , Wang Zixu , Liu Yiping , Sun Siqi , Lin Jianxin , Wang Longyue
Published: March 2024

While various models and computational tools have been proposed for structure and property analysis of molecules, generating molecules that conform to all desired structures and properties remains a challenge. Here, we introduce a multi-constraint molecular generation large language model, TSMMG, which, akin to a student, incorporates knowledge from various small models and tools, namely, the 'teachers'. To train TSMMG, we construct a large set of text-molecule pairs by extracting molecular knowledge from these 'teachers', enabling it to generate novel molecules that conform to the descriptions through various text prompts. We experimentally show that TSMMG remarkably performs in generating molecules meeting complex, natural language-described property requirements across two-, three-, and four-constraint tasks, with an average molecular validity of over 99% and success ratio of 88.08%, 65.27%, and 61.44%, respectively. The model also exhibits adaptability through zero-shot testing, creating molecules that satisfy combinations of properties that have not been encountered. It can comprehend text inputs with various language styles, extending beyond the confines of outlined prompts, as confirmed through empirical validation. Additionally, the knowledge distillation feature of TSMMG contributes to the continuous enhancement of small models, while the innovative approach to dataset construction effectively addresses the issues of data scarcity and quality, which positions TSMMG as a promising tool in the domains of drug discovery and materials science.
An Exploratory Guided Push and Grasp
Authors: Tay ChiatPin , Yan ShiJun , Chen Chong , Toh WeiQi , Yuan MiaoLong , Choi DongKyu
Published: March 2024

Teaching a robot to grasp cluttered and stacked objects is a common and challenging but important research topic that can potentially benefit many real-life applications. The challenge can be addressed by incorporating pushing action into grasping strategy. To make robot capable of pushing and grasping (PG) stacked objects, deep neural network (DNN), typically reinforcement learning, has been reported widely, while the limitations of long training time and low action efficiency are still obvious. In this work, an exploratory guided pushing and grasping approach was proposed using a self-supervised technique to expedite training cycle, and a memory buffer enhancement strategy to guide the training continuously. The network architecture, data collection and learning strategy were investigated and analysed to study their effects. Comprehensive experiments were conducted on both simulation and real environment to validate the proposed solution with high action efficiency, outperforming the state-of-the-art solutions with a large margin.