bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Moving Target Defense Based on Adaptive Forwarding Path Migration for Securing the SCADA Network
Authors: Hu Yifan , Xun Peng , Zhu Peidong , Kang Wenjie , Xiong Yinqiao , Zhu Yufei , Shi Weiheng , Hu Chenxi
Published: October 2021

Static characteristics of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system are often exploited to perform malicious activities on smart grids. Most of the time, the success of cyberattacks begins with the profiling of the target system and follows by the analysis of the limited resources. To alleviate the asymmetry between attack and defense, network-based moving target defense (MTD) techniques have been applied in the network system to defend against cyberattacks by constructing a dynamic attack surface to the adversary. In this paper, we propose a novel MTD technique based on adaptive forwarding path migration (AFPM) that focuses on improving the defense capability and optimizing the network performance of path mutation. Considering the transient problems present in path mutation caused by the dynamic switching of the forwarding path, we formalize the mutation constraints based on the satisfiability modulo theory (SMT) to select the mutation path. Considering the limited defense capability of path mutation owing to the traditional mutation selection mechanism, we design the mutation path generation algorithm based on the network security capacity matrix to obtain an optimal combination of mutation path and mutation period. Finally, we compare and analyze various cyber defense techniques used in the SCADA network and demonstrate experimentally that our MTD technique can prevent more than 92% of passive monitoring under specified conditions while ensuring the quality of service (QoS) to be almost the same as the static network.
Target Recognition Algorithm Based on Optical Sensor Data Fusion
Authors: Lv Chunlei , Cao Lihua
Published: October 2021

Optical sensor data fusion technology is a research hotspot in the field of information science in recent years, which is widely used in military and civilian fields because of its advantages of high accuracy and low cost, and target recognition is one of the important research directions. Based on the characteristics of small target optical imaging, this paper fully utilizes the frontier theoretical methods in the field of image processing and proposes a small target recognition algorithm process framework based on visible and infrared image data fusion and improves the accuracy as well as stability of target recognition by improving the multisensor information fusion algorithm in the photoelectric meridian tracking system. A practical guide is provided for the solution of the small target recognition problem. To facilitate and quickly verify the multisensor fusion algorithm, a simulation platform for the intelligent vehicle and the experimental environment is built based on Gazebo software, which can realize the sensor data acquisition and the control decision function of the intelligent vehicle. The kinematic model of the intelligent vehicle is firstly described according to the design requirements, and the camera coordinate system, LiDAR coordinate system, and vehicle body coordinate system of the sensors are established. Then, the imaging models of the depth camera and LiDAR, the data acquisition principles of GPS and IMU, and the time synchronization relationship of each sensor are analyzed, and the error calibration and data acquisition experiments of each sensor are completed.
Fracture Modeling of the Bi‐Block Ballastless Track System Resulting from Early‐Aged Relative Humidity during the Construction Process
Authors: Cao Shihao , Hui Wang , Zhai Shufang , Hu Kui , Chen Yujing , Chen Junqi
Published: October 2021

Drying‐induced cracks are an important issue for bi‐block ballastless track system consisting of foundation, precast sleepers, and cast‐in‐place track slab, which not only significantly affects the comfortableness and safety of rapid transit railway but also reduces the service life of ballastless track. In order to explore its damage mechanism, this work presents an evolution model of relative humidity (RH) in the CRTS I bi‐block ballastless track system by considering the actual construction sequence and environmental conditions to simulate the crack propagation induced by nonuniform RH field. Firstly, based on the node coupling technique, a three‐step transfer process of RH is designed to separately investigate the influence of the construction sequence on the early humidity field in the foundation, sleepers, and cast‐in‐place track slab, and then the nonuniform distribution of early humidity field in the ballastless track system is determined. Subsequently, the formation mechanism of shrinkage crack in the system is analyzed, and the crack propagation path is predicted by using the mixed‐mode fracture criterion. The results show that the maximum relative humidity gradient (RHG) appears at the interface between the track slab and the sleeper after concreting the cast‐in‐place track slab, which causes the maximum principal stress due to the drying shrinkage property of concrete materials. When the maximum principal stress exceeds the tensile strength of the interface, an interface crack will be generated and converted to a splayed crack with an initial angle of about 45° at the sleeper corner, which will be further propagated under the action of drying shrinkage deformation and finally forms a transverse through‐wall crack in the track slab. The simulated crack propagation path agrees with the observed one at the site well, and thus the results are beneficial to understand the formation mechanism of through‐wall crack in the track slab and further guide the construction design of the bi‐block ballastless track system.
Complement Factor H Gene Variant in a Patient with Thrombotic Microangiopathy on a Mixed Clinical Background
Authors: Iwafuchi Yoichi , Morioka Tetsuo , Oyama Yuko , Goto Shin , Narita Ichiei
Published: October 2021

We report the case of a patient with complement factor H gene variant, who developed thrombotic microangiopathy on a mixed clinical background. A 79-year-old woman was transferred to Sanjo General Hospital for maintenance hemodialysis. She suffered from gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma about two years ago and received chemotherapy and radiation therapy, leading to complete remission. About 13 weeks prior to her transfer to our hospital, she was referred to another hospital due to acute kidney injury, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Hemodialysis was immediately initiated, after which intravenous methylprednisolone and oral prednisolone were started; however, she became anuric within approximately week. The possibility of thrombotic microangiopathy was examined. However, she was in poor general condition and did not get the consent of her family, so no invasive searches such as a kidney biopsy were performed. Despite the cause of acute kidney insufficiency being unclear, she was transferred to us for maintenance hemodialysis. Her general condition was stable, and her renal function improved; hence, two months after transfer, a kidney biopsy was performed. Her clinical and typical renal histological findings indicated a diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy. There was a possible CFH gene of a very rare variant “c.526 T > C (p.Phe176Leu)” in exon 5. She was able to withdraw from hemodialysis therapy two weeks after the initiation of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Based on her clinical course and kidney biopsy findings, she was diagnosed with thrombotic microangiopathy with a very rare CFH variant. To ensure proper treatment choices such as eculizumab, the presence of complement dysregulation should be considered in cases of secondary thrombotic microangiopathy.
Effect of Immediate Breast Reconstruction after Standardized Breast Cancer Surgery on the Quality of Life of Patients: A Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Zhang Chao , Jiang Hongchuang
Published: October 2021

Objective. To investigate the impact of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) after standardized breast cancer (BC) surgery on the quality of life of patients. Methods. A total of 878 BC patients were included, who were diagnosed and treated in the breast surgery department between January 2016 and December 2018. The patient underwent immediate postoperative breast reconstruction surgery. Subsequently, safety, efficacy, and postoperative morphology were scored and evaluated for the comprehensive analysis of the clinical therapeutic effects. Results. With longer postoperative time, a lower proportion of the follow-up population experienced limb edema, capsular contracture, infection, calcifications around the prosthesis, prosthesis dislocation, delayed wound healing, chronic lymphadenopathy, pain, and prosthesis rupture, indicating a high safety. And the follow-up patients’ breast appearance and shape largely returned to normal at 12 months postoperatively. Additionally, patients with 3 and 6 months of follow-up had a higher quality of life and better aesthetic breast reconstruction outcomes compared to the perioperative period. Conclusion. The implementation of standardized IBR after breast cancer improves the quality of life of patients after surgery with fewer complications and a good safety profile.
Adsorption-Oxidation Mechanism of δ-MnO2 to Remove Methylene Blue
Authors: Yan Ge , Wang Pu , Li Yuqian , Qin Zhangjie , Lan Shuai , Yan Yupeng , Zhang Qin , Cheng Xiaodi
Published: October 2021

The material, δ-MnO2, has exhibited superior performance on the removal of methylene blue (MB), but the process is significantly impacted by pH, and the impacting mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the effects of pH on the removal mechanism of MB using synthesized δ-MnO2 were investigated by distinguishing the adsorption and oxidation of MB by δ-MnO2 during the removal process in the dark. The results show that the total removal efficiency of MB by δ-MnO2 decreased significantly with an increase in the pH. MB could be removed by δ-MnO2 via an adsorption mechanism and oxidation mechanism, and the proportion of adsorptive removal and oxidative removal was different under different pH conditions. With an increase in the initial pH from 2.00 to 8.05, the redox potential of δ-MnO2 decreased, and its oxidation ability for the removal of MB also gradually decreased. In contrast, the surface negative charges of δ-MnO2 increased with an increase in the pH, and the adsorption ability towards positively charged MB also gradually increased. This indicates that the effects of pH on the removal of MB by δ-MnO2 are primarily dominated by its influence on the oxidation ability of δ-MnO2. In addition, it is further proved that the pH value has a significant effect on the oxidation and adsorption of MB on δ-MnO2. Moreover, the significant effects of pH on the oxidation of MB by δ-MnO2 are further demonstrated by observing the changes in Mn2+ and the UV-Vis spectra of intermediate products during the reaction, as well as the changes in the FTIR and XPS characterizations of δ-MnO2 after the reaction.
Phytoantioxidant Functionalized Nanoparticles: A Green Approach to Combat Nanoparticle‐Induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: Balkrishna Acharya , Kumar Ashwani , Arya Vedpriya , Rohela Akansha , Verma Rachna , Nepovimova Eugenie , Krejcar Ondrej , Kumar Dinesh , Thakur Naveen , Kuca Kamil
Published: October 2021

Nanotechnology is gaining significant attention, with numerous biomedical applications. Silver in wound dressings, copper oxide and silver in antibacterial preparations, and zinc oxide nanoparticles as a food and cosmetic ingredient are common examples. However, adverse effects of nanoparticles in humans and the environment from extended exposure at varied concentrations have yet to be established. One of the drawbacks of employing nanoparticles is their tendency to cause oxidative stress, a significant public health concern with life‐threatening consequences. Cardiovascular, renal, and respiratory problems and diabetes are among the oxidative stress‐related disorders. In this context, phytoantioxidant functionalized nanoparticles could be a novel and effective alternative. In addition to performing their intended function, they can protect against oxidative damage. This review was designed by searching through various websites, books, and articles found in PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. To begin with, oxidative stress, its related diseases, and the mechanistic basis of oxidative damage caused by nanoparticles are discussed. One of the main mechanisms of action of nanoparticles was unearthed to be oxidative stress, which limits their use in humans. Secondly, the role of phytoantioxidant functionalized nanoparticles in oxidative damage prevention is critically discussed. The parameters for the characterization of nanoparticles were also discussed. The majority of silver, gold, iron, zinc oxide, and copper nanoparticles produced utilizing various plant extracts were active free radical scavengers. This potential is linked to several surface fabricated phytoconstituents, such as flavonoids and phenols. These phytoantioxidant functionalized nanoparticles could be a better alternative to nanoparticles prepared by other existing approaches.
Investigation of the Mechanical and Permeability Evolution Effects of High-Temperature Granite Exposed to a Rapid Cooling Shock with Liquid Nitrogen
Authors: Wang Tianzuo , Wang Linxiang , Xue Fei , Xue Mengya , Xie Hangcheng , Tang Ningbo
Published: October 2021

Liquid nitrogen (LN2), which can greatly improve the efficiency of hot dry rock (HDR) mining, is commonly used as a cooling material in the enhanced geothermal system (EGS). Physical property, triaxial compression, and permeability tests were undertaken on treated granite samples, for a better scientific understanding of the effect of the LN2 cooling method on the mechanical and permeability properties of the rocks after heat treatment. The experimental results indicated that the physical properties of the treated granite change significantly, such as the density and wave velocity are substantially reduced. Meanwhile, with the increase of treatment temperature, the macroscopic cracks on its surface are gradually generated and the volume is expanded clearly. In addition, the surface wettability of granite gradually increases with increasing temperature. Compared with the air/water cooling methods, under LN2 cooling condition, the mechanical properties decrease markedly. When the temperature exceeds 600°C, the granite strength decreases significantly to only 56.16% of the reference value. The deformation properties also change significantly, with a final strain of about 3% at failure for a sample at 800°C, showing an obvious ductile deformation characteristic. Further, an appreciable correlation also exists between the initial permeability of granite and temperature. Once the temperature exceeds 200°C, the increase in temperature contributes to the increase in initial permeability. In addition to the effect of temperature, the increase in load also leads to a change in the permeability coefficient. When the temperature reaches 600°C, the permeability of granite first decreases and then increases with the increases in axial stress. The results of this paper are valuable in understanding the effect of thermal shock by LN2 on the fracturing efficiency and permeability characteristics of dry hot rocks.
Research on Music Emotion Recognition Model of Deep Learning Based on Musical Stage Effect
Authors: Huang Cuiqing , Zhang Qiang
Published: October 2021

The change of life style of the times has also prompted the reform of many art forms (including musicals). Nowadays, the audience can not only enjoy the wonderful performances of offline musicals but also feel the charm of musicals online. However, how to bring the emotional integrity of musicals to the audience is a technical problem. In this paper, the deep learning music emotion recognition model based on musical stage effect is studied. Firstly, there is little difference between the emotional results identified by the CRNN model test and the actual feelings of people, and the coincidence degree of emotional responses is as high as 95.68%. Secondly, the final recognition rate of the model is 98.33%, and the final average accuracy rate is as high as 93.22%. Finally, compared with other methods on CASIA emotion set, the CRNN-AttGRU has only 71.77% and 71.60% of WAR and UAR, and only this model has the highest recognition degree. This model also needs to update iteration and use other learning methods to learn at different levels so as to make this model widely used and bring more perfect enjoyment to the audience.
The Teaching Method of Basketball Training Based on Intelligent Network Multimedia Technology
Authors: Han Chao , Wang Mei , Yan Aiping
Published: October 2021

In the traditional sports basketball teaching, people gradually find that the simple use of body language and oral language as the carrier of teaching sports skills and theoretical knowledge has certain limitations. Therefore, we begin to focus on the combination of network multimedia technology (NMT) and basketball training teaching (BTT). This article mainly studies the teaching method of basketball training based on NMT. This article expounds the concept and function of multimedia teaching, puts forward suggestions on BTT methods based on NMT, and studies the making method of multimedia basketball training (MBT) courseware. Through the questionnaire survey and experimental research, this article analyzes the influence of MBT on basketball teaching, the effectiveness of multimedia basketball students’ mastery, the evaluation results of MBT, and the evaluation of experimental group students on MBT. In this study, 100 students were selected as the experimental objects, a group of 50 people for the basic basketball action test, one group had a period of multimedia basketball teaching, and the other group still carried on according to the traditional basketball teaching method. The results show that in the experiment of MBT, the total proportion of the experimental group is 56.61% and the control group is 33.72%; the experimental group is 57.28% and the control group is 42.35%; the experimental group is 63.26% and the control group is 32.79%; and the experimental group is 70.56% and 37% in the control group.
A Motion Image Pose Contour Extraction Method Based on B-Spline Wavelet
Authors: Chen chen  , Bi Daohui
Published: October 2021

In order to improve the accuracy of traditional motion image pose contour extraction and shorten the extraction time, a motion image pose contour extraction method based on B-spline wavelet is proposed. Moving images are acquired through the visual system, the information fusion process is used to perform statistical analysis on the images containing motion information, the location of the motion area is determined, convolutional neural network technology is used to preprocess the initial motion image pose contour, and B-spline wavelet theory is used. The preprocessed motion image pose contour is detected, combined with the heuristic search method to obtain the pose contour points, and the motion image pose contour extraction is completed. The simulation results show that the proposed method has higher accuracy and shorter extraction time in extracting motion image pose contours.
Case Investigation Technology Based on Artificial Intelligence Data Processing
Authors: Ding Jianwei
Published: October 2021

Through data mining technology, the hidden information behind a large amount of data is discovered, which can help various management services and provide scientific basis for leadership decision‐making. It is an important subject of current police information research. This paper conducts in‐depth research on the investigation analysis and decision‐making of public security cases and proposes a case‐based reasoning model based on two case databases. Moreover, this paper discusses in detail the use of data mining technology to automatically establish a case database, which is a useful exploration and practice for the public security department to establish a new and efficient case investigation auxiliary decision‐making system. In addition, this paper studies the method of using data mining technology to assist in the establishment of a case database, analyzes the characteristics of traditional case storage methods, and constructs a case investigation model based on artificial intelligence data processing. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper has certain practical effects.
Grey Wolf Resampling-Based Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter for Mobile Robot Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
Authors: Dai Yong , Zhao Ming
Published: October 2021

An artificial intelligent grey wolf optimizer (GWO)-assisted resampling scheme is applied to the Rao-Blackwellized particle filter (RBPF) in the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). By doing this, we can make the diversity of the particles resampling and then obtain a better localization accuracy and fast convergence to realize indoor mobile robot SLAM. In addition, we propose an adaptive local data association (Range-SLAM) scheme to improve the computational efficiency for the algorithm of the nearest neighbor (NN) data association in the iteration of the RBPF prediction. Through the experiment and simulations, the proposed SLAM schemes have fast convergence, accuracy, and heuristics. Therefore, the improved RBPF and new data association schemes presented in this paper can provide a feasible method for the indoor mobile robot SLAM.
Optimization of the New Index Reaching Law of the Active Suspension Sliding Mode Controller Based on the Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors: Wei Shouwei , Su Xiaoyu
Published: October 2021

To facilitate the performance of the active suspension system, the optimization of a new reaching law of the active suspension sliding mode controller based on cuckoo algorithm is addressed in this paper. Firstly, a linear model of the active suspension system is built. Then, according to the features of the new exponential reaching law, an active sliding mode control scheme based on the new sliding mode reaching law is designed. Finally, the simulation results are separated into two stages to verify the suitability and superiority of the proposed control scenario.
Analysis of the Influence of High-Dose rhGH Therapy on Serum Vitamin D and IGF-1 Levels in School-Age Children with Idiopathic Short Stature
Authors: Li Juan , Zhang Xuehui , Xie Shuyong , Feng Shuangshuang , Niu Min
Published: October 2021

Objective. To discuss the influence of high-dose recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy on serum vitamin D and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in school-age children with idiopathic short stature (ISS). Method. A total of 103 school-age children with ISS were selected from June 2016 to June 2020 in our hospital. The enrolled cases were divided into the low-dose group (n = 59) and high-dose group (n = 44) according to the treatment dose of rhGH. After the treatment, the height (Ht), height standard deviation score (Ht SDS), growth velocity (GV), and other indicators were recorded. The serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25-(OH)D] and IGF-1 levels of the two groups were tested, and the occurrence of adverse reactions was recorded. Results. After treatment, the high-dose group outperformed the low-dose group in various growth effect indicators such as Ht, Ht SDS, and GV (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, the serum 25-(OH)D of children with ISS in the two groups increased significantly, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). After treatment, the serum IGF-1 of children with ISS in the two groups increased significantly, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). For children with ISS, adverse reactions induced by rhGH therapy were very rare. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions induced by different doses of rhGH in the treatment of ISS (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. rhGH has definite efficacy in the treatment of ISS children, for it can significantly increase the annual growth rate of ISS children in a dose-dependent manner. High-dose rhGH for ISS has a better therapeutic effect. At the same time, regardless of the dose level of rhGH, serum 25-(OH)D and IGF-1 levels in children with ISS were increased, with less adverse reactions and higher safety.
Multitask Interactive Attention Learning Model Based on Hand Images for Assisting Chinese Medicine in Predicting Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wang Qida , Zhao Chenqi , Qiang Yan , Zhao Zijuan , Song Kai , Luo Shichao
Published: October 2021

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most serious and dangerous cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, the number of patients around the world has been increasing significantly, among which people under the age of 45 have become the high-risk group for sudden death of AMI. AMI occurs quickly and does not show obvious symptoms before onset. In addition, postonset clinical testing is also a complex and invasive test, which may cause some postoperative complications. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a noninvasive and convenient auxiliary diagnostic method. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it is an effective auxiliary diagnostic strategy to complete the disease diagnosis through some body surface features. It is helpful to observe whether the palmar thenar undergoes hypertrophy and whether the metacarpophalangeal joint is swelling in detecting acute myocardial infarction. Combined with deep learning, we propose a depth model based on traditional palm image (MTIALM), which can help doctors of traditional Chinese medicine to predict myocardial infarction. By building the shared network, the model learns information that covers all the tasks. In addition, task-specific attention branch networks are built to simultaneously detect the symptoms of different parts of the palm. The information interaction module (IIM) is proposed to further integrate the information between task branches to ensure that the model learns as many features as possible. Experimental results show that the accuracy of our model in the detection of metacarpophalangeal joints and palmar thenar is 83.16% and 84.15%, respectively, which are significantly improved compared with the traditional classification methods.
Wireless Sensor Networks Assist Intelligent Tourism Traffic Navigation and Tourist Positioning
Authors: Sun Jin
Published: October 2021

With the booming development of tourism, more and more tourists visit scenic spots; followed by dense personnel in scenic spots, tourists’ comfort is not high. This paper introduces the structure diagram, function structure diagram, and database design of an intelligent tourism navigation system based on a wireless sensor network in detail and explains each function module of an intelligent tourism system based on a wireless sensor network in detail. Through the wireless sensor network to obtain the positioning data of tourists in tourist attractions, this article realizes the intelligent traffic navigation in the intelligent tourism navigation system and finally realizes the diversion of tourists. An intelligent travel navigation system based on the wireless sensor network is implemented on Android. Finally, the intelligent travel navigation system based on the wireless sensor network is tested. The results show that the system can meet the real‐time demand, the system positioning accuracy is high, and the system can effectively realize the flow analysis and public security warning.
UVA Exposure Combined with Glycation of the Dermis Are Two Catalysts for Skin Aging and Promotes a Favorable Environment to the Appearance of Elastosis
Authors: Pageon Hervé , Zucchi Hélène , Ricois Sylvie , Bastien Philippe , Asselineau Daniel
Published: October 2021

Skin aging is the result of superimposed intrinsic (individual) and extrinsic (e.g., UV exposure or nutrition) aging. Previous works have reported a relationship between UV irradiation and glycation in the aging process, leading, for example, to modified radical species production and the appearance of AGEs (advanced glycosylation end products) in increasing quantities, particularly glycoxidation products like pentosidine. In addition, the colocalization of AGEs and elastosis has also been observed. We first investigated the combination of the glycation reaction and UVA effects on a reconstructed skin model to explain their cumulative biological effect. We found that UVA exposure combined with glycation had the ability to intensify the response for specific markers: for example, MMP1 or MMP3 mRNA, proteases involved in extracellular matrix degradation, or proinflammatory cytokine, IL1α, protein expression. Moreover, the association of glycation and UVA irradiation is believed to promote an environment that favors the onset of an elastotic-like phenomenon: mRNA coding for elastin, elastase, and tropoelastin expression is increased. Secondly, because the damaging effects of UV radiation in vivo might be more detrimental in aged skin than in young skin due to increased accumulation of pentosidine and the exacerbation of alterations related to chronological aging, we studied the biological effect of soluble pentosidine in fibroblasts grown in monolayers. We found that pentosidine induced upregulation of CXCL2, IL8, and MMP12 mRNA expression (inflammatory and elastotic markers, respectively). Tropoelastin protein expression (elastin precursor) was also increased. In conclusion, fibroblasts in monolayers cultured with soluble pentosidine and tridimensional in vitro skin constructs exposed to the combination of AGEs and UVA promote an inflammatory state and an alteration of the dermal compartment in relation to an elastosis-like environment.
Research on the Application of Wireless Wearable Sensing Devices in Interactive Music
Authors: Wang Huizhong
Published: October 2021

Wireless wearable devices can greatly assist and promote the artistic presentation of interactive music and have attracted the attention of more and more composers, musicians, dancers, and visual artists. It can pick up data information in real time, integrate with performers, and provide immersive performance experience. It not only builds a bridge between subjective feeling and spiritual perception for performers and audience but also enables audience to directly observe art information better. This paper mainly introduces the development process of a wearable sensor system designed for monitoring interactive music movement. Firstly, an interactive music motion model is established according to the principle of human body kinematics, and the experimental scheme of measuring the swaying angle of interactive music with a single sensor device is standardized. A multisensor fusion algorithm is proposed to estimate the swing angle of interactive music. Based on the “cost‐incentive” emotional model, the wireless wearable device and interactive music model are regarded as continuous variables determined by the emotional effect value and the incentive value. Extract energy, rhythm, harmony, time domain, and spectrum features of interactive music of wireless wearable devices, and reduce the dimension of a music feature space through principal component analysis, spatial projection, and relief feature selection. Finally, the practicability of the system and the accuracy of the algorithm are verified by experiments. The recognition rate of wireless wearable devices and interactive music realized based on this algorithm was improved.
Possible Risk of Thrombotic Events following Oxford‐AstraZeneca COVID‐19 Vaccination in Women Receiving Estrogen
Authors: Soltani Hekmat Ava , Javanmardi Kazem
Published: October 2021

People who receive the ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 vaccine, particularly perimenopausal women who are on birth control or postmenopausal women who take estrogen supplements, may experience thrombosis and thrombocytopenia. Estrogen and the ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 vaccine both have the potential to cause thrombus in different ways. Some postmenopausal women who are also taking estrogens may develop thrombosis and thrombocytopenia after receiving the ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 vaccine. Therefore, women are encouraged to stop taking drugs containing estrogen before receiving this vaccine. Furthermore, consuming fish oil can help reduce the risk of developing blood clots among women who are in the luteal phase and, thus, have high estrogen levels. In addition, ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19’s side effects in young women could be mitigated by administering it during the follicular phase.
Ghrelin Ameliorates Diabetic Retinal Injury: Potential Therapeutic Avenues for Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Bai Jie , Yang Fan , Wang Ruiqi , Yan Qinghui
Published: October 2021

Ghrelin has anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects, and it may be beneficial for the treatment of many ophthalmic diseases, such as cataract, uveitis, and glaucoma. Our previous work proved that ghrelin pretreatment reduced the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells induced by hydrogen peroxide, reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and effectively maintained the transparency of lens tissue. However, no study has yet investigated the effect of ghrelin on retina. In this study, we conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments to explore the effect of ghrelin on high‐glucose‐ (HG‐) induced ARPE‐19 cell damage and diabetic retinopathy in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. ARPE‐19 cells were incubated in a normal or an HG (30 mM glucose) medium with or without ghrelin. Cell viability was measured by 3‐(4, 5‐dimethylthiazol‐3‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, and apoptosis was detected by the Hoechst–PI staining assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production levels within cells were measured using 2 ′,7 ′‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining, and the contents of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were measured using relevant detection kits. The expression levels of IL‐1β and IL‐18 were measured using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and those of NLRP3, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 were measured using Western blotting. The rat diabetes models were induced using a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (80 mg/kg). The morphological and histopathological changes in the retinal tissues were examined. The results indicated that ghrelin reduced ROS generation, inhibited cell apoptosis and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, inhibited the apoptosis of retinal cells in diabetic rats, and protected the retina against HG‐induced dysfunction. In conclusion, ghrelin may play a role in the treatment of ocular diseases involving diabetic retinopathy.
Reconstruction of the Lateral Collateral Ligament Using a Suture Tape Anchor for Iatrogenic Hallux Varus
Authors: Nekomoto Akinori , Nakasa Tomoyuki , Ikuta Yasunari , Sumii Junichi , Adachi Nobuo
Published: October 2021

Iatrogenic hallux varus is a difficult complication of hallux valgus surgery. Although tendon transfer combined with bony correction is performed for hallux varus, tendon transfer has several disadvantages, such as the complicated nature of the procedure and the donor site morbidity. We describe the case of a 70-year-old woman with iatrogenic hallux varus treated by lateral collateral ligament (LCL) reconstruction using a suture tape anchor with bony correction. Tarsometatarsal joint arthrodesis was performed to correct the narrow intermetatarsal angle (IMA), and the varus deformity of the great toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint was corrected by anatomical reconstruction of the LCL using the suture tape anchor. One year postoperatively, the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot Hallux Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal Scale had improved from 37 to 90 points. Radiography confirmed that the hallux valgus angle had been corrected from -24° to 4° and the IMA from 0° to 8°. Reconstruction of the LCL using suture tape anchor is an easy procedure for iatrogenic hallux varus which can achieve good stabilization.
Research on Enterprise Employee Performance Appraisal Management System Based on CS Architecture
Authors: Lin Pei
Published: October 2021

Aiming at the problems of poor system throughput and poor performance appraisal indicators in traditional enterprise employee performance appraisal management systems, a corporate employee performance appraisal management system based on the CS architecture was designed. Firstly, the system architecture of performance appraisal system is built, the system logical architecture design is determined, and the functional modules of the appraisal management system are analyzed. Then, the influencing factors of employee performance appraisal management system are analyzed through the evaluation constraint parameters, and the quantitative regression analysis model of enterprise employee performance appraisal management is constructed to realize the design of enterprise employee performance management software. Finally, the evaluation management system database was built to realize the enterprise employee performance evaluation system’s design based on CS architecture. The experimental results show that this system can improve the throughput of the employee performance appraisal management system and the rationality of enterprise employee appraisal standards. It plays an important role in enterprise employee performance appraisal management.
Application Value of Rehabilitation Nursing in Patients with Stroke Based on the Theory of Interactive Standard: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Li Ningning , Wang Jun , Zheng Mei , Ge Qunying
Published: October 2021

Objective. To explore the application value of rehabilitation nursing based on the theory of interactive standards in stroke patients. Methods. A total of 120 stroke patients who were treated in our hospital from December 2018 to September 2020 were selected as the research objects, and the patients were divided into a control group (60 cases) and an observation group (60 cases) according to the random number table method. The control group used routine nursing care, and the observation group used interactive rehabilitation care based on the control group. The Barthel Index, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, Specific Quality Of Life Scale (SS-QOL) score, rehabilitation standard rate, nursing satisfaction, improvement time of limb function, and compliance with rehabilitation exercise were compared between the two groups of patients. Results. After intervention, the Barthel Index of the two groups increased, and the Barthel Index of the observation group was comparatively higher (

P

 < 0.05); the NIHSS scores of the two groups of patients reduced, and the NIHSS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (

P

 < 0.05); the SS-QOL scores of the two groups of patients improved, and the increase in SS-QOL scores in the observation group was found to be significantly higher than those in the control group (

P

 < 0.05); the compliance rate was found to be in favor of the observation group (83.33 (50/60) vs 63.33 (38/60)) (χ2 = 6.136,

P

˂0.05); the total satisfaction of nursing care of patients in the observation group was superior to the control group (96.67% vs 78.33%) (χ2 = 9.219,

P

˂0.05); the limb function improvement time of the observation group was significantly shorter (

P

 < 0.05); the observation group had significantly higher rehabilitation exercise compliance scores (

P

 < 0.05). Conclusion. The rehabilitation nursing based on the interactive standard theory can promote the stroke patients to complete the rehabilitation goals, improve the neurological and limb functions, and enhance the patients’ daily living ability, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Computation of the Double Metric Dimension in Convex Polytopes
Authors: Pan Liying , Ahmad Muhammad , Zahid Zohaib , Zafar Sohail
Published: October 2021

A source detection problem in complex networks has been studied widely. Source localization has much importance in order to model many real-world phenomena, for instance, spreading of a virus in a computer network, epidemics in human beings, and rumor spreading on the internet. A source localization problem is to identify a node in the network that gives the best description of the observed diffusion. For this purpose, we select a subset of nodes with least size such that the source can be uniquely located. This is equivalent to find the minimal doubly resolving set of a network. In this article, we have computed the double metric dimension of convex polytopes

R

n

and

Q

n

by describing their minimal doubly resolving sets.
The Clinical Complexity of Penile Cancer: Current Clinical-Epidemiological Data from the Database of the Free State of Saxony/Germany
Authors: Boehm Wolf-Diether U. , Piontek Daniela , Latarius Stefanie , Schoffer Olaf , Borkowetz Angelika , Klug Stefanie J. , Wirth Manfred P.
Published: October 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess penile cancer incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment options, transparency of clinical quality, and relative survival based on data from the clinical cancer registry. Subjects and Methods: A total of 898 patients with tumours of the penis were diagnosed and analysed in the period from 2000 to 2018; they were documented in the 4 regional clinical cancer registries and summarized in the Command Office of these 4 registries. Results: The standardized incidence rate increased from 0.86 in 2000 to 2.67 in 2018. Most tumours were located at the glans (42.9%) followed by the prepuce (19.5%) and corpus penis (6.9%); they were classified into pT1a/pT1b (20.0%/7.0%), pT2 (23.5%), pT3 (12.4%), and pT4 (0.8%). In only 32.0% of all documented cases, a stage-related lymphadenectomy (LND) was carried out. Negative surgical margins were found in only 70% and the Rx status in 15.1%. Primary metastasis was detected in pN1 (5.1%), pN2 (3.9%), pN3 (3.1%), and M1 status in 3.0%, respectively. The predominant therapy was surgery in 78.3%. The proportion of penile partial resections was significantly (p = 0.0045) regredient over the control period. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed in 4.7%, adjuvant external-beam radiotherapy in 3.0%. The 5-year relative overall survival rate was 74.7% and ranged from 108.0% (stage 0) to 17.1% (stage IV). A total of 29 hospitals performed tumour operations. Conclusions: The multitude of clinical and epidemiological variables available in clinical cancer registries allows a safe assessment of tumour dynamics themselves, as well as good quality of transparency and broadly acceptable guideline adherence. Deviations from the accepted level of evidence were found in the grading definition, in the high quota of positive surgical margins, in the defensive indication position to the glans resurfacing/reconstruction and diagnostical LND. Based on these relevant findings in the database combined with the low frequency of the tumour in area/clinics/year, we recommended establishing SCCP reference clinics. This work is the first time that European standardized rate-based cancer registry data on penile cancer from Germany has been communicated.
Diagnostic and Therapy of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Roeb Elke
Published: October 2021

Background: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing and strongly associated with the metabolic syndrome, especially with obesity. A subtype, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), might progress to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. NASH patients have an increased all-cause mortality. First and foremost are malignancies, followed by cardiovascular diseases. Summary: The NAFLD fibrosis score and noninvasive liver stiffness measurement (transient hepatic elastography) are essential components for the diagnostic risk assessment of NAFLD patients. Other steatoses (alcohol, genetic disorders, drugs, toxins, malnutrition, etc.) must be considered in the differential diagnosis. So far, there is no approved liver-specific drug therapy with a proven effect on NAFLD for patients without diabetes mellitus. Obeticholic acid (FXR agonist), cenicriviroc (a dual inhibitor of the chemokine receptors (CCR), CCR2 and CCR5), acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, and several thyroid hormone analogs are the most advanced substances in clinical development in ongoing phase 2 and 3 studies. Key Messages: Weight loss, physical training, and the screening and treatment of risk factors represent the cornerstones of NAFLD therapy. Treatment with glucagon-like peptide 1 analogs (e.g., liraglutide, semaglutide) and sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors can be recommended in patients with diabetes and NASH.
Intrathecal Administration of Nusinersen Using the Ommaya Reservoir in an Adult with 5q-Related Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1 and Severe Spinal Deformity
Authors: Papaliagkas Vasileios , Foroglou Nikolaos , Toulios Petros , Moschou Maria , Gavriilaki Maria , Notas Konstantinos , Chatzikyriakou Evangelia , Zafeiridou Georgia , Arnaoutoglou Marianthi , Kimiskidis Vasilios K.
Published: October 2021

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a hereditary neuromuscular disorder, typically caused by survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene deletion in chromosome 5q resulting in loss of SMN protein. SMA type 1 progresses rapidly leading to increased mortality usually before the age of 2 years. Nusinersen, the first approved disease-modifying treatment for all 5q-SMA types and ages, is an antisense oligonucleotide administered intrathecally via repeated lumbar punctures. However, adult SMA patients typically present with severe scoliosis and spinal deformity. We present a 28-year-old patient with SMA type 1 and severe spinal deformity, who received nusinersen via a subcutaneously implanted Ommaya reservoir connected with an intrathecal catheter at the thoracic level. The repetitive administrations were completed uneventfully, obviating the need for repeated laborious lumbar punctures and eliminating radiation exposure. In adult SMA patients, performing recurrent lumbar punctures can be technically challenging raising the need for an alternative route of administration. The use of Ommaya reservoirs is a viable, practical for repeated infusions, and safe option for the intrathecal delivery of nusinersen for select cases such as an adult SMA type 1 survivor with severe spinal deformity.
In vitro Evaluation of Surface Free Energy of Dentin after Treatment with Sodium Trimetaphosphate Associated or Not with Fluoride, Exposed or Not to Calcium
Authors: Oliveira Lenara Queiroz Chaves , Delbem Alberto Carlos Botazzo , Morais Leonardo Antônio de , Gonçalves Silvio César , Souza José Antonio Santos , Pedrini Denise
Published: October 2021

It has been stated that sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) promotes a more anionic dentin surface inducing greater calcium (Ca) and phosphate precipitation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro the surface free energy (γs) of dentin after treatment with TMP associated or not with fluoride (F), exposed or not to Ca, as well as the adsorption of TMP, F, and Ca by dentin. Bovine dentin blocks (n = 12 blocks/group) were treated with solutions containing TMP at 0, 1, 3, or 9 (w/v) followed or not by the application of Ca. These solutions were or were not associated to 1,100 ppm F. F, Ca, and TMP were determined in the solutions before and after the treatment to calculate the adsorption by dentin. To analyze the γs of dentin, the apolar (γsLW), and polar (γsAB), components were determined by contact angle measurement. Data were submitted to 2-way ANOVA followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test (p < 0.05). TMP reduces γs of dentin and increases electron donor sites (γs−). Higher values of γs− led to higher adsorption of Ca (p < 0.001). The F/TMP association did not change γs or γsLW and reduced the values of γs−, but the adsorption of Ca was higher. There was correlation between the adsorption of TMP and γs− (Pearson’s r = 0.801; p < 0.001) and F (Pearson’s r = 0.871, p < 0.001). It is possible to conclude that TMP increased γs− and Ca adsorption, and reduced γs. The association with F increased the adsorption of TMP without rising γs−; however, there was higher adsorption of Ca.