bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) Control with Very‐Long‐Chain Fatty Acid Inhibiting Herbicides
Authors: Hay Marshall M. , Shoup Douglas E. , Peterson Dallas E.
Published: December 2018

Core Ideas

Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp are difficult to control weeds and reduce yield in many crops.

VLCFA inhibiting herbicides can provide excellent residual control of Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp.

VLCFA inhibiting herbicides are labeled in many common crops.

The highest rate of VLCFA inhibiting herbicide should be used for the most residual control of Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp.

Herbicides must be used as part of an integrated weed management strategy.

Field experiments were established in 2015 and 2016 near Manhattan, Hutchinson, and Ottawa, Kansas to assess residual control of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) and common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis Sauer) with very‐long‐chain fatty acid (VLCFA) inhibiting herbicides. Six VLCFA inhibiting herbicides and pendimethalin were applied at three different rates (high, middle, and low) based on labeled rate ranges for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. All treatments were applied preemergence (PRE) in a non‐crop scenario after the plot area was clean tilled with a field cultivator. The experiment was conducted one time in 2015 and four times in 2016 at two locations for a total of five site years. Percent Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp control was visually estimated at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment (WAT). At Manhattan, pyroxasulfone, S‐metolachlor, and dimethenamid‐P resulted in the greatest Palmer amaranth control at both 4 and 8 WAT. At Hutchinson and Ottawa, pyroxasulfone, S‐metolachlor, and non‐encapsulated acetochlor resulted in the highest Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp control at both 4 and 8 WAT. Pyroxasulfone and S‐metolachlor were often the most effective herbicides; whereas, pendimethalin resulted in the least effective Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp control at all sites and observation times. The high use rate across all herbicides resulted in better control when compared to the low use rate across all herbicides at all sites and observation times. This research demonstrates the value of utilizing VLCFA inhibiting herbicides as an effective site of action for residual control of Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp as part of integrated weed management plan.
Biochar and Water Quality
Authors: Blanco‐Canqui Humberto
Published: December 2018

Biochar application is considered to be an emerging strategy to improve soil ecosystem services. However, implications of such application on water quality parameters have not been widely discussed. This paper synthesizes the state‐of‐the‐art research on biochar effects on water erosion, nitrate leaching, and other sources of water pollution. Literature indicates that in general, biochar application reduces runoff by 5 to 50% and soil loss by 11 to 78%, suggesting that it can be effective at reducing water erosion, but the magnitude of erosion reduction is highly variable. Co‐application of biochar with other organic amendments (i.e., animal manure, compost) appears to be more effective at reducing water erosion than biochar alone. A main mechanism by which biochar can reduce water erosion is by improving soil properties (i.e., organic C, hydraulic conductivity, aggregate stability), which affect soil erodibility. This review also indicates that biochar reduces nitrate leaching, in most cases by 2 to 88%, but has mixed effect on phosphate and dissolved C leaching. Additionally, biochar effectively filters urban runoff, adsorbs pollutants, and reduces pesticides losses. Biochar feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, application amount, time after application, and co‐application with other amendments affect biochar impacts on water quality. Biochar erosion and potential reduction in nutrient and pesticide use efficiency due to the strong adsorption are concerns that deserve consideration. Overall, biochar application has the potential to reduce water erosion, nitrate leaching, pesticide losses, and other pollutant losses, but more field‐scale data are needed to better discern the extent to which biochar can improve water quality.

Core Ideas

Biochar can reduce water erosion, but the magnitude of reduction is variable.

Biochar combined with other organic amendments can reduce water erosion more than biochar alone.

Biochar can reduce nitrate leaching but has mixed effects on phosphate and dissolved C leaching.

Biochar filters urban runoff, adsorbs organic pollutants, and reduces pesticide losses.

More field data on the effectiveness of biochar for improving water quality are needed.
Mapping QTLs for Grain Protein Concentration and Agronomic Traits under Different Nitrogen Levels in Barley
Authors: Falcon Celeste M. , Horsley Richard , Hu Gongshe , Blake Thomas , Smith Kevin P.
Published: December 2018

Growing crops with improved N use efficiency (NUE) could decrease fertilizer inputs and the negative environmental effects of N overuse. We measured nine agronomic and yield component traits under N‐limiting and nonlimiting treatments for 250 two‐row and 250 six‐row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) breeding lines. We calculated four stress indices to approximate NUE. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs), we conducted association mapping (AM) for these phenotypic data with 3072 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. All traits and two stress indices—the geometric mean and the stress tolerance index—exhibited significant genetic variation within the two‐row and six‐row panels. Of the 25 QTLs identified in the two‐row panel and 31 identified in the six‐row panel, only four were common to both. Four of the QTLs detected in the two‐row panel and 10 detected in the six‐row panel were identified under the N‐limiting treatment or for a stress index, but not under the nonlimiting treatment, signaling that they may be associated with NUE. We detected a QTL for grain protein concentration (GPC) on chromosome 6H that has been mapped previously in barley and is collinear with the well‐characterized Gpc‐B1 locus in wheat. Groups of lines defined by marker haplotypes at this locus exhibited significant differences in GPC but not in grain yield. These results support that breeding strategies for improving NUE include crossing between two‐ and six‐row parents with complementary alleles, phenotypic selection based on stress indices, marker‐assisted selection for desirable alleles, and genomic selection to capture small‐effect loci.
Meta‐Analysis of QTL Studies for Resistance to Fungi and Viruses in Maize
Authors: Rossi Ezequiel A. , Ruiz Marcos , Rueda Calderón M. Angélica , Bruno Cecilia I. , Bonamico Natalia C. , Balzarini Mónica G.
Published: December 2018

Several studies reported quantitative trait loci (QTL) for disease resistance. Discovering communalities among them is crucial. First, we performed a literature systematic review to search published QTL for maize (Zea mays L.) disease resistance. A total of 110 studies containing QTL information related to fungi and virus resistance were found, but few reported QTL for bacteria resistance. Second, we performed a meta‐analysis aimed at identifying genomic regions carrying major‐effect QTL for resistance to fungal and viral diseases. Results show that the greatest number of QTL was reported in chromosome 1, but the odds of finding major‐effect loci for fungus and virus resistance in chromosome 10 were twice as high as the odds of finding those main loci in the rest of the genome. Bins 1.03, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.10, 2.04, 2.07, 5.03, 6.02, and 10.06 in chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, and 10 were recognized as genomic regions where major‐effect QTL are located. The major‐effect QTL reported for resistance to fungal diseases were not located on the same chromosomes as those with virus resistance, except for chromosome 10. There was no agreement among studies in the occurrence of major‐effect loci on chromosomes 3 and 8. Our results summarize and confirm published findings about key genomic regions for maize molecular breeding against diseases that can cause significant yield losses.
Poultry Litter Band Placement in No‐Till Cotton Affects Soil Nutrient Accumulation and Conservation
Authors: Tewolde Haile , Shankle Mark W. , Way Thomas R. , Pote Daniel H. , Sistani Karamat R.
Published: December 2018

Core Ideas

Applying poultry litter in bands below the soil surface leads to greater conservation of most litter‐derived nutrients.

Fertilizing cotton with poultry litter, despite supplying additional Mn, leads to reduced extractable soil Mn and tissue Mn levels.

A yearly application of 6.1 Mg ha‐1 poultry litter for three consecutive years failed to increase soil total C and N.

The effect of subsurface poultry litter band placement relative to the plant row on long‐term nutrient conservation has not been fully investigated. The objective of this study was to determine whether poultry litter band placement affects the accumulation and conservation of selected soil nutrients in a no‐till cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cropping system. The treatments consisted of an average of 6.1 Mg ha‐1 litter applied in 1.02‐m‐spaced subsurface bands (wide, SSw), 0.30‐m‐spaced subsurface bands (narrow, SSn), or 0.30‐m‐spaced surface bands (narrow, SFn); an unfertilized control (UTC); and a soil test‐based synthetic fertilizer treatment (Std). The results showed, relative to the Std, poultry litter, regardless of the placement, resulted in accumulation of extractable soil P, K, Mg, and Zn but not total C or N. A key finding in this study is that litter, despite supplying a 3‐yr total of 10.2 kg ha‐1 Mn, reduced extractable soil Mn by an average of 20% and cotton tissue Mn by as much as 40% relative to the Std treatment. The accumulation of extractable soil P and K and to some extent Mg and Zn was greater when litter was applied by subsurface rather than surface banding. The difference between the SSw and SSn treatments in extractable nutrient conservation was not consistent. Overall, this study showed applying poultry litter in subsurface bands rather than surface bands leads to greater conservation of nutrients. Regardless of the band placement, poultry litter reduced tissue and extractable soil Mn which may be beneficial to cotton production in soils with marginally low pH.
Occurrence and reduction of F-specific RNA bacteriophage genotypes as indicators of human norovirus at a wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Lee Suntae , Suwa Mamoru , Shigemura Hiroyuki
Published: December 2018

F-specific RNA bacteriophages (FRNAPHs) have been suggested as good indicators of the presence of human enteric viruses in water treatment facilities. The occurrence and reduction of norovirus (NoV) and FRNAPH genotypes in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been well studied; however, the relationship between these genotypes in WWTPs has not been fully elucidated. Thus, we aimed to investigate the occurrence and reduction of FRNAPH genotypes in an attempt to identify NoV indicators in a WWTP via a 1-year survey. All FRNAPH and NoV genotypes were detected in WWTP influents at high rates (71–100%), including the infectious FRNAPH genotype IV (GIV), which has been rarely detected in previous studies. The reductions of FRNAPH GII and NoV GII during wastewater treatment indicated a relationship between the two (r = 0.69, P < 0.01), and the mean values were not significantly different. These results suggested that FRNAPH GII could be used as an appropriate indicator of NoV GII during wastewater treatment. FRNAPH GI was also found to be an appropriate indicator of viral reduction because of its high resistance to wastewater treatment compared with the other FRNAPH and NoV genotypes; therefore, it can be considered as a worst-case scenario organism.
Quantum Dots as Promising Theranostic Tools Against Amyloidosis: A Review
Authors: Prabhu M.P. Taraka , Sarkar Nandini
Published: December 2018

Amyloids are highly ordered beta sheet rich stable protein aggregates, which have been
found to play a significant role in the onset of several degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s
disease, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Type II diabetes mellitus and so on.
Aggregation of proteins leading to amyloid fibril formation via intermediate(s), is thought to be a
nucleated condensation polymerization process associated with many pathological conditions.
There has been extensive research to identify inhibitors of these disease oriented aggregation
processes. In recent times, quantum dots, with their unique physico-chemical properties have
grabbed the attention of scientific community due to its applications in medical sciences. Quantum
dots are nano-particles usually made of semiconductor materials which emit fluorescence upon
radiation. The wavelength of fluorescence emission varies with changes in size of quantum dots.
Several studies have reported significant inhibitory effects of these quantum dots towards
amyloidogenesis, thereby presenting themselves as promising candidates against amyloidosis.
Further, studies have also revealed amyloid detection capacity of quantum dots with sensitivity and
specificity better than conventional probes. In the current review, we will discuss the various effects
of quantum dots on protein aggregation pathways, their mechanism of actions and their potentials
as effective therapeutics against amyloidosis.
Tracking Higher Order Protein Structure by Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Benhaim Mark , Lee Kelly K. , Guttman Miklos
Published: December 2018

Background:

Structural biology has provided a fundamental understanding of protein structure and mechanistic insight into their function. However, high-resolution structures alone are insufficient for a complete understanding of protein behavior. Higher energy conformations, conformational changes, and subtle structural fluctuations that underlie the proper function of proteins are often difficult to probe using traditional structural approaches. Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange with Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS) provides a way to probe the accessibility of backbone amide protons under native conditions, which reports on local structural dynamics of solution protein structure that can be used to track complex structural rearrangements that occur in the course of a protein’s function.

Conclusion:

In the last 20 years the advances in labeling techniques, sample preparation, instrumentation, and data analysis have enabled HDX to gain insights into very complex biological systems. Analysis of challenging targets such as membrane protein complexes is now feasible and the field is paving the way to the analysis of more and more complex systems.
Nitric Oxide in Life and Death of Neutrophils
Authors: Galkina Svetlana I. , Golenkina Ekaterina A. , Viryasova Galina M. , Romanova Yulia M. , Sud’ina Galina F.
Published: December 2018

Background:

Nitric Oxide (NO) is a key signalling molecule that has an important role in
inflammation. It can be secreted by endothelial cells, neutrophils, and other cells, and once in circulation,
NO plays important roles in regulating various neutrophil cellular activities and fate.

Objective:

To describe neutrophil cellular responses influenced by NO and its concomitant compound
peroxynitrite and signalling mechanisms for neutrophil apoptosis.

Methods:

Literature was reviewed to assess the effects of NO on neutrophils.

Results:

NO plays an important role in various neutrophil cellular activities and interaction with other
cells. The characteristic cellular activities of neutrophils are adhesion and phagocytosis. NO plays a protective
role in neutrophil-endothelial interaction by preventing neutrophil adhesion and endothelial cell
damage by activated neutrophils. NO suppresses neutrophil phagocytic activity but stimulates longdistance
contact interactions through tubulovesicular extensions or cytonemes. Neutrophils are the main
source of superoxide, but NO flow results in the formation of peroxynitrite, a compound with high biological
activity. Peroxynitrite is involved in the regulation of eicosanoid biosynthesis and inhibits endothelial
prostacyclin synthase. NO and peroxynitrite modulate cellular 5-lipoxygenase activity and leukotriene
synthesis. Long-term exposure of neutrophils to NO results in the activation of cell death mechanisms
and neutrophil apoptosis.

Conclusion:

Nitric oxide and the NO/superoxide interplay fine-tune mechanisms regulating life and
death in neutrophils.
The Potential of Fucose-Containing Sulfated Polysaccharides As Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Nunes Cláudia , Coimbra Manuel A.
Published: December 2018

Marine environments have a high quantity and diversity of sulfated polysaccharides. In
coastal regions brown algae are the most abundant biomass producers and their cell walls have fucosecontaining
sulfated polysaccharides (FCSP), known as fucans and/or fucoidans. These sulfated compounds
have been widely researched for their biomedical properties, namely the immunomodulatory,
haemostasis, pathogen inhibition, anti-inflammatory capacity, and antitumoral. These activities are
probably due to their ability to mimic the carbohydrate moieties of mammalian glycosaminoglycans.
Therefore, the FCSP are interesting compounds for application in health-related subjects, mainly for
developing scaffolds for delivery systems or tissue regeneration. FCSP showed potential for these applications
also due to their ability to form stable 3D structures with other polymers able to entrap therapeutic
agents or cell and growth factors, besides their biocompatibility and biodegradability. However,
for the clinical use of these biopolymers well-defined reproducible molecules are required in order to
accurately establish relationships between structural features and human health applications.
The Era of Cerebellar Therapy
Authors: Mitoma Hiroshi , Manto Mario
Published: December 2018

Major advances in our understanding of the neurology/pathology, anatomy/physiology, and molecular biology
of the cerebellum have opened a new door for cerebellar ataxias (CAs). We have now entered in the ‘era of therapies’.
Cures are knocking at the door. We discuss the hot topics in the therapeutic protocols available for CAs, including aminopyridines,
noninvasive cerebellar stimulation, anti-oxidant drugs and therapies for immune-mediated cerbellar ataxias
(IMCAs), topics emphasized in this issue. The history of the cerebellum is a typical example of the importance of apparently
divergent and multi-disciplinary approaches.
A Review on the Management of Small Renal Masses: Active Surveillance Versus Surgery
Authors: Marra Giancarlo , Oderda Marco , Allasia Marco , Munegato Stefania , Joniau Steven , Gontero Paolo
Published: December 2018

Despite the rise of small renal tumour (SRMs) diagnosis and related surgeries, death rate of kidney
cancer is increasing, suggesting a non-optimal management of SRMs. Active Surveillance (AS) for kidney
cancer was introduced to deal with this paradox. However, incertitude remains on whether and when AS can
replace surgery in selected patients. We performed a literature search, reviewed and discussed the evidence in
favour of AS or surgery for SRMs. Histopathology and natural history of SRMs, including the percentage of
benign tumours amongst SRMs, tumour growth rate, life expectancy of SRMs patients being generally older,
and current results of AS series seem to support its use in selected groups. However, kidney cancer is a heterogeneous
entity, metastasis and ≥T3a status can be found also for SRMs and no biomarkers or other parameters
are available to identify lethal SRMs. Despite the recent improvement in the diagnostic and prognostic work
through imaging modalities, renal biopsies and nomograms, the interpretation of a survival plot subjectively is
still not possible. The majority of AS studies are retrospective and extensive level 1 evidence cohorts with long

term follow up are lacking. No unanimity is present regarding inclusion and exclusion criteria to undergo AS,
follow up timings and AS exit criteria. Surgery is the only definitive treatment and remains the current standard.
A better understanding of kidney cancer biology and SRMs behaviour is needed to clarify the role of AS and its
indications.
Selecting Patients with Small Renal Masses for Active Surveillance
Authors: Johnson Michael H. , Allaf Mohamad E. , Pierorazio Phillip M.
Published: December 2018

The incidentally discovered, clinically-localized, small renal mass (clinical stage T1aN0M0, ≤4cm)
is the most commonly diagnosed entity in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) – now accounting for at least 40% of
newly diagnosed renal tumors. Given the above argument, Active Surveillance (AS) has emerged as a viable
management strategy for SRM. This review will examine and discuss the existing literature regarding selection
criteria for AS.

AS of clinical T1a renal masses is emerging as a safe and effective management strategy in selected patients, yet
appropriate patient selection and counseling remains an area of great interest. Long-term clinical outcomes are
just beginning to be reported, thus much of the supporting evidence on AS and patient selection is based on
retrospective data of heterogeneous quality. Nevertheless, there are certain conclusions that can be drawn, despite
these current limitations. Appropriate selection of candidates should include a comprehensive evaluation of
competing health risks, tumor characteristics, and patient preferences.
Design, Synthesis and Anti-breast Cancer Activity of Some Novel Substituted Isoxazoles as Anti-breast Cancer Agent
Authors: Mokale Santosh N. , Sakle Nikhil S. , Bhavale Swati A. , Lokwani Deepak K. , Shelke Vishakha R.
Published: December 2018

Methods: A novel series of isoxazole (S21-S30) derivatives were designed, synthesized and screened
for their anticancer activity against estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 and negative MDA-MB-435 breast cancer
cell lines. The synthesized derivative has the ability to inhibit the growth of the human breast cancer cell line at
low concentrations. In vivo anticancer activity was performed on virgin female sprague dawley rats.

Results:

The result shows that compound S23 has more selectivity and marked estrogen modulator activity than
the standard tamoxifen.
Inhibition of Migration and Invasion of Hepatocarcinoma HepG2 Cells by Dietary Saponins via Targeting HIF-1α
Authors: Luo Cheng , Wu Di , Chen Meiling , Miao Wenhua , Xue Changfeng , Sun Yanhui , Liu Dequan , Xie Chong , Wang Yaqin , Frenz Christopher , Deng Shanggui
Published: December 2018

Background:

Different saponins from herbs have been used as tonic or functional foods,
and for treatment of various diseases including cancers. Although clinical data has supported the function of
these saponins, their underlying molecular mechanisms have not been well defined.

Methods:

With the simulated hypoxia created by 8 hours of Cu++ exposure and following 24 hour incubation
with different concentration of saponins in HepG2 cells for MTT assay, migration and invasion assays, and for
RT-PCR, and with each group of cells for immunofluorescence observation by confocal microscopy.

Results：

ZC-4 had the highest rate of inhibition of cell proliferation by MTT assay, and the highest inhibition
of migration rate by in vitro scratch assay, while ZC-3 had the highest inhibition of invasion ratio by transwell
assay. Under the same simulated hypoxia, the molecular mechanism of saponin function was conducted by
measuring the gene expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α through RT-PCR, in which ZC-3 showed
a potent inhibition of gene HIF-1α. For the protein expression by immunofluorescence staining with confocal
microscopy, HIF-1α was also inhibited by saponins, with the most potent one being ZC-4 after eight hours’
relatively hypoxia incubation.

Conclusion:

Saponins ZC-4 and ZC-3 have the potential to reduce HepG2 cell proliferation, migration and
invasion caused by hypoxia through effectively inhibiting the gene and protein expression of HIF-1α directly
and as antioxidant indirectly
A narrativa do impeachment de Dilma Rousseff nas páginas dos jornais brasileiros
Authors: Drummond Daniela Rocha , Rizzotto Carla Cândida , Antonelli Diego , Ferracioli Paulo
Published: December 2018

O processo de impeachment da presidenta Dilma Rousseff é uma questão, sem dúvida, multifacetada. A construção narrativa e a utilização de “ganchos” visuais é um mecanismo jornalístico útil para enfrentar o desafio que se coloca diante da produção das notícias de temas com tal característica. Assim, esta pesquisa pretende responder como se deu a construção narrativa da destituição de Dilma Rousseff por parte de dois dos mais importantes jornais brasileiros, a Folha de S. Paulo e O Globo. Tal análise leva em consideração o grau de narratividade, o gênero narrativo e os atores identificados em seus respectivos papéis. Foram analisadas 997 notícias veiculadas entre os dias 2 de dezembro de 2015, data em que o pedido de impeachment foi aceito pelo então presidente da Câmara, Eduardo Cunha, e 13 de maio de 2016.
Judiciário na crise política: os “recados” públicos do Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Albuquerque Grazielle
Published: December 2018

O artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma análise de conjuntura da crise política brasileira, trazendo um novo elemento como ferramenta analítica: a presença da Justiça na agenda pública, tendo como recorte os “recados” do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Ao se comportar como ator político, além das questões normativas, o Poder Judiciário também se coloca diante do Executivo e do Legislativo fazendo uso da comunicação. Vale destacar que o Judiciário ainda se utiliza de tais “recados” para dar vazão a suas disputas internas, ou seja, o que antes era restrito aos bastidores e ao trâmite processual ganha uma dimensão midiática e pública. Na crise brasileira, esse movimento se intensifica porque ele compreende a capacidade de afirmação política do Judiciário. Assim, propõem-se algumas ideias que auxiliem na compreensão da relação entre Sistema de Justiça e opinião pública ao se pensar a importância do comportamento público do Supremo como parte do jogo político.
Mulheres negras e imprensa feminista: vozes, interseccionalidade e cidadania
Authors: Freitas Viviane Gonçalves
Published: December 2018

Este artigo busca compreender como a discussão interseccional se configura em veículos da imprensa feminista, tornando-se uma necessidade premente para o questionamento de um olhar direcionado e padronizador de experiências vivenciadas por um restrito grupo de mulheres – em sua maioria, brancas, heterossexuais e de classe média. Nzinga Informativo e Nós, Mulheres da Periferia são exemplos elucidativos quanto à aplicabilidade do conceito de interseccionalidade na imprensa feminista brasileira, ao trazer a agenda de raça, classe e gênero, a partir das vozes das mulheres negras, nas lutas por direitos.
Influence of Anthropometrics on Step-Rate Thresholds for Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity in Older Adults: Scientific Modeling Study (Preprint)
Authors: O'Brien Myles William , Kivell Matthew Jordan , Wojcik William Robert , D'Entremont Ghislain Richard , Kimmerly Derek Stephen , Fowles Jonathon Richard
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Adults and older adults are recommended to engage in 150 minutes of moderate (MPA) to vigorous (VPA) aerobic physical activity (MVPA) per week, with the heuristic message of 3000 steps in 30 minutes (100 steps per minute [spm]). However, this message is based on adult populations, with a paucity of research on step-rate thresholds that correspond to absolute MVPA (moderate=3 metabolic equivalents [METs], vigorous=6 METs) and relative MVPA (moderate=40% estimated METmax, vigorous=60% estimated METmax) in older persons, who have lower stride lengths and a lower exercise capacity. Also, there is a need to consider the influence of anthropometric differences when quantifying the relationship between step rate and intensity-related physical activity.

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed absolute and relative MVPA step-rate thresholds and anthropometric factors (ie, height, leg length, and body mass index [BMI]) in older adults.

METHODS

Nineteen older adults (7 females; age 69 years, SD 2, BMI 26 kg/m2, SD 4) completed a staged treadmill walking protocol: six minutes at 2.4, 3.2, 4.0, 5.6, and 6.4 km/h. Steps were manually counted and volume rate of oxygen consumed (VO2) was measured via indirect calorimetry. Aerobic fitness was estimated via the submaximal single-stage treadmill protocol.

RESULTS

When BMI was considered, mixed effects modeling revealed absolute and relative MPA step-rate thresholds of 108 spm and 117 spm, respectively. Absolute and relative VPA corresponded to step rates of 135 spm and 132 spm, respectively. Neither height nor leg length improved the ability of the model to predict stepping cadence from METs.

CONCLUSIONS

In general, older adults need to walk faster than 100 spm (ie, approximately 110 spm) to reach MPA and in excess of approximately 130 spm to achieve VPA, depending on BMI status. Health care professionals and researchers should adjust cadence-based recommendations for differences in BMI in their older patients and consider using relative intensity to most appropriately tailor their physical activity recommendations.
“Did you feel the earth shake?” An Online Cancer Community Interprets Results of the CARMENA Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Hall Evan , Trivedi Ranak , Zeiger Roni , Blayney Douglas , Schapira Lidia
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Patients use online communities to give and receive emotional support and health information. Little is known about the response of online patient communities to dissemination of major research results.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to characterize and understand the attitudes of an online kidney cancer community, Smart Patients (https://www.smartpatients.com), before and after the presentation of results of the CARMENA trial (June 3, 2018), a trial examining the role of nephrectomy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

METHODS

We analyzed de-identified posts from the Smart Patients kidney cancer online community between May 1, 2018 and July 1, 2018 that related to nephrectomy and/or CARMENA. Smart Patients staff administered two polls (May 29 and June 11) to ask members if and why they would recommend nephrectomy as a treatment for metastatic kidney cancer. Narrative content was independently coded by all investigators for thematic analysis.

RESULTS

Most members were supportive of nephrectomy both prior to (140 members, 77%) and following (131 members, 68%) the CARMENA presentation. The majority (76%) of the 102 individuals who completed both polls did not change their opinion about nephrectomy after presentation of the results. Qualitative analysis identified several recurring themes in support of nephrectomy including the emotional benefit of feeling the primary tumor was ‘gone,’ perceived favorable biological impact of tumor debulking, positive personal experience with surgery, and reduced potential for additional metastases.

CONCLUSIONS

In an online kidney cancer community, there was brisk activity following high-profile research reflecting a high level of patient engagement and familiarity with the trial. Most members continued to support nephrectomy and reported both biological and psychological benefits to surgery despite the trial results suggesting that forgoing surgery leads to noninferior outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Growth and Yield of Upland Rice Under Intercropping System with Soybean in Sandy Coastal Area
Authors: Putra Fajrin Pramana , Yudono Prapto , Waluyo Sriyanto
Published: December 2018

Sandy coastal area in Indonesia is potential for upland rice cultivation, but it has constraints low of nutrient availability such as nitrogen. To solve the low fertility of the sandy land can be done by planting soybean between upland rice under intercropping system due to the soybean is able to provide nitrogen in soil through fixation of N2 in the air by root nodules. Intercropping is an alternative cropping system to increase land productivity, but there is competition between crops under an intercropping system. Reducing of the competition on the system is needed by crops proportion adjustment. The objective of the study is to examine growth and yield component of upland rice at different crops proportion under an intercropping system with soybean in the sandy coastal area. The research was conducted in Samas sandy coastal area, Bantul, Yogyakarta. This research used randomized complete block design (RCBD) with one factor and three blocks. The treatment of this research was five level crops proportion between upland rice and soybean under intercropping system, namely: 100:0; 80:20; 60:40; 40:60; and 20:80, respectively. The results showed that crop growth rate and yield per clump of upland rice increased on crops proportion adjustment under intercropping system with soybean. The crops proportion of 60:40 and 40:60 gave higher crop growth rates that were 1.45 g.dm-2.wk-1 and 1.44 1.45 g.dm-2.wk-1 than upland rice under monoculture (100:0) that was 1.09 g.dm-2.wk-1. The higher crop growth rates in crops proportion of 60:40 and 40:60 were able to give better yield per clump than other that were 17.17 g and 16.46 g, respectively. The yield of upland rice was not different under crops proportion of 100:0, 80:20, and 60:40 and decreased of upland rice proportion until ≤ 40% affected the low yield of upland rice.
The Effects of Filter Cake and Bagasse Ash to Growth and NPK Uptake by Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) at Ultisols in Tulang Bawang, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Soegianto Heri , Ma’as Azwar , Nurudin Makruf , Utami Sri Nuryani Hidayah
Published: December 2018

The available soils for surgarcane plantation is Ultisols. However, the Ultisols has some limitations on its chemical fertility. Efforts to improve the quality of the soil can be done with applying organic matter such as filter cake and bagasse ash resulting from the process of making sugar from sugarcane. This study was proposed to determine the effects of bagasse ash and filter cake to availabilities of NPK in the soil and NPK uptakes by sugarcane, so that they were expected to be able to improve maximum sugarcane growth in Ultisols in Tulang Bawang. This field research used completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was the bagasse ash doses in four levels: without bagasse ash (A0), 10 ton/ha of dry bagasse ash (A1), 20 ton/ha of dry bagasse ash (A2), and 40 ton/ha of dry bagasse ash (A3). The second factor was the filter cake doses in four levels: without filter cake (B0), 20 ton/ha of dry filter cake (B1), 40 ton/ha of dry filter cake (B2), and 80 ton/ha of dry filter cake (B3). There were a total of 16 combinations of treatment with 3 blocks as repetitions. Data were analyzed by using F-test with 5% significance. When analysis result showed significant differences between treatments, it was then followed by DMR test with 5% significance level for normal data. The results showed that the improvement of NPK status of Ultisols in Lampung might be achieved by applying the filter cake and bagasse ash techniques. Some results of this study showed that treatment of 40 ton/ha bagasse ash for NPK uptakes was significantly different and higher than without bagasse ash treatment. Treatment of 80 ton/ha filter cake for NPK uptakes was significantly different and higher than without filter cake treatment. The highest N uptake (27.84 kg/ha) was in sugarcane at 2 MAP with 80 ton/ha filter cake treatment. The highest P uptake (11.59 kg/ha) was in sugarcane at 2 MAP with 40 ton/ha bagasse ash treatment. The highest K uptake (117.67 kg/ha) was in sugarcane at 8 MAP with 80 ton/ha filter cake treatment. Treatment of 80 ton/ha filter cake influenced significantly to the sugarcane height compared to without filter cake and 20 ton/ha filter cake treatment, but it did not differ significantly compared to 40 ton/ha filter cake treatment. The highest sugarcane (167.99 cm) was at 80 ton/ha filter cake treatment. Filter cake dose treatments did not influence significantly the numbers of saplings and stem diameter of sugarcane aged 8 MAP.
Cross -check Digital sebagai Alternatif Uji Banding Pemeriksaan Mikroskopis Malaria secara Manual di Kulon Progo
Authors: Murhandarwati Elsa Herdiana , Fuad Anis , Herwanto Guntur Budi , Kusumasari Rizqiani Amalia , Wijayanti Mahardika Agus , Supargiyono Supargiyono
Published: December 2018

Malaria is an infectious disease in tropical countries including Indonesia which causes serious clinical manifestations and even death. Indonesia Ministry of Health targets that malaria is eliminated from this country by 2030. In Java, malaria is targeted to be eliminated by 2015. However, elimination has not been achieved because some areas, including Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta still experience outbreaks (Kejadian Luar Biasa) in recent years. As microscopic diagnosis is a gold standard diagnosis for malaria, thus accurate microscopic examination is important. Disappearance of malaria cases in malaria pre-elimination areas causes laboratory workers/microscopists are less exposed to experience in identifying malaria. As part of quality assurance, continuous quality control is expected to maintain the accuracy of malaria diagnosis in endemic areas. However, the cross-check sistem as a part of this quality control strategy still has constraints, such as: transportation costs, limited human resources and irregularity. Ibm team of Faculty of Medicine UGM has successfully developed a digital microscopic cross-check sistem. This method is able to bridge the distance and time constraint also transportation costs of slide submissions to be cross-checked to the referral laboratory. Our study partners were microscopists of Kulon Progo Primary Health Centers (Puskesmas) facilitated with digital devices installed in a microscope. Partners were trained to: 1. take microscopic images of suspected malaria parasites and 2. familiarize with digital cross-check sistem. The successful implementation of digital malaria cross-check is expected to improve the accuracy of malaria diagnosis and assist the Government in malaria elimination program especially in Kulon Progo. This system has been registered to obtain Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (registration number C00201705928) and is waiting the copyright.
Latvijas kultūras un mākslas sovetizācija pirmajā padomju okupācijas gadā: 1940. gada jūnijs – 1941. gada jūnijs
Authors: Stranga Aivars
Published: December 2018

Kultūras un mākslas attiecības ar jauno varu – padomju režīmu – ir nopietni pētītas Latvijas vēstures literatūrā. Ilgoņa Bērsona darbi par literatūras likteņiem, Arnolda Klotiņa – par mūziku okupācijā un Ilzes Konstantes pētījumi par tēlotāju mākslu ir ievērojami pēdējo gadu sasniegumi. Šis raksts esejas formā papildina līdzšinējo faktisko materiālu, tajā veltīta uzmanība kolaborācijai un pat kolaboracionismam. Bez šo parādību plašas izplatības kultūras un mākslas sovetizācijas procesi nebūtu iespējami.
PENGARUH KUALITAS INFORMASI AKUNTANSI MANAJEMEN DAN KUALITAS MANAJER DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL
Authors: Herawaty Netty
Published: December 2018

Judul penelitian ini adalah pengaruh kualitas informasi akuntansi manajemen dan kualitas manajer dalam pengambilan keputusan terhadap kinerja manajerial (studi pada rumah sakit umum di Propinsi Jambi). Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas informasi akuntansi manajemen dan kualitas manajer terhadap kinerja manajerial secara parsial dan simultan melalui pengambilan keputusan pada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Propinsi Jambi. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis path dengan dua belas  RSUD di Propinsi Jambi sebagai populasi. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala bagian di RSUD Propinsi Jambi. Peneliti telah melakukan penyebaran kuesioner ke seluruh responden dengan menemui langsung responden. Jumlah populasi sebanyak 53 orang dan seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas informasi akuntansi manajemen berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap kinerja manajerial tanpa pengambilan keputusan. Kualitas manajer berpengaruh terhadap kinerja manajerial secara langsung dan tidak langsung (melalui pengambilan keputusan). Kualitas informasi akuntansi manajemen dan kualitas manajer dalam pengambilan keputusan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja manajer secara simultan.
PENGARUH BELANJA MODAL, PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK MISKIN TERHADAP INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI KABUPATEN/KOTA PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Umiyati Etik , Amril Amril , Zulfanetti Zulfanetti
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh belanja modal, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan jumlah penduduk miskin terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM) kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jambi. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data panel dengan jenis data sekunder yang meliputi data time series tahun 2009-2013 dan data cross section untuk sembilan kabupaten dan satu kota di Provinsi Jambi. Hasil regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwa belanja modal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap IPM. Kemiskinan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap IPM. Pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IPM Dari uji Chow dan Uji Hausman maka dapat disimpulkan  bahwa metode estimasi parameter  yang tepat dalam data penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan Fixed Effect Model.
PREDIKSI TINGKAT KEBANGKRUTAN PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN BATU BARA YANG TERDAFTAR Di BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2014-2015
Authors: Dewi Erwita
Published: December 2018

This study aims to determine the financial statements prior to the bankruptcy can be used to predict the rate of bankruptcy with Altman Model and Foster on coal mining company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Model classification Altman Z score Z score> 2.90 is classified as a healthy company, while the company has a Z score <1.20 were classified as potentially bankrupt company. Furthermore, scores between 1.20 to 2.90 is classified as a company in the gray area or the gray area. While the Model Z score Foster use the "Cut-off Point" Z = 0.640, so companies that have Z < 0.640 belongs to a group of companies that go bankrupt, while if Z > 0.640 included in the group of companies that are not bankrupt. After that tested the difference between the predicted results using independent samples t test. The results of the analysis of financial ratios and Foster Altman model proved capable of predicting corporate bankruptcies coal mining sector in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2015. Results Zscore Altman bankruptcy prediction for the year 2014-2015 shows an increase in predictive companies entering bankrupt category. In 2014 by 22% (there are four companies that PT.BUMI Resources Tbk, PT.Darma Henwa Tbk, PT.Delta Dunia Makmur Tbk and PT.Perdana Karya Perkasa Tbk), and in 2015 by 44% (there are eight companies, namely       PT. Adaro Energy Tbk, PT.Atlas Resources Tbk, PT. Bumi Resources Tbk, PT. Darma Henwa Tbk, PT. Delta Dunia Makmur Tbk, PT.Perdana Karya Perkasa Tbk, PT.Petrosea and  PT. Golden Eagle Energy Tbk). Foster Zscore bankruptcy prediction results for the year 2014-2015 shows that there is consistency predictive companies entering bankrupt category. Year 2014-2015 by 28% (there are five companies that PT.Atlas Resources Tbk, PT.Baramulti Sukses sarana Tbk, PT. Bayan Resources Tbk, PT. Darma Henwa Tbk and PT. Perdana Karya Perkasa Tbk). Both models are Zscore Altman bankruptcy prediction and Zscore Foster in this study proved to be no different in corporate bankruptcy prediction results were proved by analysis of independent sample t test.
HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI SISWA TENTANG KOMPETENSI GURU DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI IPS MATA PELAJARAN EKONOMI DI SMAN 2 KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Muslim Fachruddiansyah
Published: December 2018

In a teaching learning process, students  are expected to have high interest and enthusiasm in the classroom. Teachers who have the competencies would be able to create  conditions for effective learning, fun and effective classroom management. Student perceptions of teachers in the learning process would indirectly mean that the student has had interest in these subjects. Through the perpection that teachers are teaching students to have a solid competence as a teacher and a professional will be able to evoke the spirit of learning that impact student learning outcomes in both. The purpose of this study was to determine  how students perceptions of competence and its relationship to students learning outcomes.Subjects in this study are students – a class XI IPS  students at SMA Negeri 2 Jambi City which is used as a sample of 50 students. In the process of data  collection, carried out a total spread of 31 items questionnaire wich questions that are relevant indicators of what the objectives of this study. Then after it’s collected questionnaires analyzed by using the formula categories and the categories that have been determined. And to determine its relationship with the goal should learn, questionnaires analyzed by manual and by using the SPSS 16.0 computer applications.From the research found that student perceptions of teacher competence is highest  percentage of students percepstions about the competence of the teacher’s personality which amounted to 83,5 % and categorized very well. As for the indicator of student perceptions about of competence of another teacher for : students percepstions about the competence of the teacher’s pedagogic (73,76%) students percepstions about the competence of the teacher’s professional (83%) and students percepstions about the competence of the teacher’s social (78,2%). Next, coefficient of relationship students percepstions about the competence of the teacher’s with a favorable economic  study results obtained rxy = 0,511. Therefore we can conclude that there is a relationship between variables X and  variables Y  and is included in the interpretation.
Learning Management System (LMS) Sebagai Aplikasi Pengembangan Materi Interaktif Pada mata Kimia Lingkungan dengan Metode Computer Assisted Instruction
Authors: Sanova Aulia
Published: December 2018

Proses pembelajaran dalam LMS Kimia Lingkungan mengakomodasi beberapa konten dengan berbagai vitur yaitu course content yang mencakup artikel, materi modul yang dikemas dalam bentuk flash animasi, tugas/ujian, dan video pembelajaran mata kuliah Kimia Lingkungan dari dosen, kalender untuk deadline dan penugasan untuk mengukur pencapaian mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menunjukkan desain produk e-learning berbasis LMS menggunakan aplikasi moodle yang sesuai dan layak dikembangkan untuk mata kuliah Kimia Lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) modifikasi Sugiyono. Subyek penelitian yaitu mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia yang ditentukan secara convenience sampling. Data yang diambil adalah kelayakan dari segi materi dan media serta  tangggapan mahasiswa terhadap produk yang telah dikembangkan melalui angket. Tanggapan ahli menunjukkan e-learning berbasis Moodle sangat layak dari segi media dan layak dari segi materi. Hasil angket tanggapan siswa pada uji coba skala kecil menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa memberikan tanggapan positif dimana para mahasiswa sangat tertarik dan memberikan respon jika aplikasi LMS moodle merupskan bentuk inovasi dalam alternatif proses pembelajaran. Produk final e-learning berbasis Moodle berisi materi yang dikemas dalam bentuk interaktif,  penugasan dan diskusi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa LMS berbasis Moodle layak dan efektif diterapkan pada perkuliahan Kimia Lingkungan.