bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Issues in a Networked Public Sphere
Authors: Maier Daniel , Waldherr Annie , Miltner Peter , Jähnichen Patrick , Pfetsch Barbara
Published: February 2017

We propose a methodological approach to analyze the content of hyperlink networks which represent networked public spheres on the Internet. Using the case of the food safety movement in the United States, we demonstrate how to generate a hyperlink network with the web crawling tool Issue Crawler and merge it with the results of a probabilistic topic model of the network’s content. Combining hyperlink networks and content analysis allows us to interpret such a network in its entirety and with regard to the mobilizing potentials of specific sub-issues of the movement. We focus on two specific sub-issues in the food safety network, genetically modified food and food control, in order to trace the involved websites and their interlinking structures, respectively.
James Frame’s The Philosophy of Insanity (1860)
Authors: Andrews Jonathan , Philo Chris
Published: February 2017

Our aim in presenting this Classic Text is to foster wider analytical attention to a fascinating commentary on insanity by a former inmate of Glasgow Royal Asylum, Gartnavel, James Frame. Despite limited coverage in existing literature, his text (and other writings) have been surprisingly neglected by modern scholars. Frame’s Philosophy presents a vivid, affecting, often destigmatizing account of the insane and their institutional provision in Scotland. Derived from extensive first-hand experience, Frame’s chronicle eloquently and graphically delineates his own illness and the roles and perspectives of many other actors, from clinicians and managers to patients and relations. It is also valuable as a subjective, but heavily mediated, kaleidoscopic view of old and new theories concerning mental afflictions, offering many insights about the medico-moral ethos and milieu of the mid-Victorian Scottish asylum. Alternating as consolatory and admonitory illness biography, insanity treatise, mental health self-help guide, and asylum reform and promotion manual, it demands scrutiny for both its more progressive views and its more compromised and prejudicial attitudes.
‘Today I offer you, and we offer the country a new vision’: The strategic use of first person pronouns in party conference speeches of the Third Way
Authors: Kranert Michael
Published: February 2017

This article aims to fill a gap in the existing research by analysing the construction of leadership and group identity in a corpus of 13 party conference speeches by the party leaders of the German Social Democratic Party (SPD) and the British Labour Party between 1997 and 2003. The comparative approach chosen will demonstrate the context sensitivity and strategic use of the pronominal self-references. The article will demonstrate how changes of pronominal self-reference in party conference speeches can be understood as strategic changes of footing to foreground either the voice of the party leader or the voice of the party. It will conclude with the results of an analysis of the combination of pronominal self-references and verb forms construing competence and responsiveness, as suggested by Fetzer and Bull, and demonstrates that these verb forms are used differently in combination with the various forms of self-reference, a fact neglected in their analysis.
Financial Deepening and Economic Growth in Jamaica
Authors: Best Alton , Francis Brian M. , Robinson C. Justin
Published: February 2017

The paper empirically examines the question of whether bank liquid reserves to bank assets ratio and domestic credit to private sector as a percentage of GDP strengthens financial deepening on the real sector and hence catalyzes economic growth in Jamaica. A Granger causality approach is employed within a multivariate framework. Cointegration is used to examine the short- and long-run relationships within the model. Innovative accounting techniques (impulse response function and variance decomposition) are also utilized to determine the out-of-sample relation between financial deepening and economic growth. The empirical analysis is conducted with annual data from 1980 to 2014 with three proxies for financial deepening. The empirical evidence suggests a ‘supplying-leading’ relationship in both the short and long run. These results are confirmed by the innovation accounting techniques (impulse response function and the variance decomposition). Our findings imply that Jamaica should first concentrate on developing its financial sectors which has the potential to spur higher levels of economic growth in the real sectors of the economy.
An 1831 discussion on New Public Management
Authors: Bowrey Graham , Hui Freda , Smark Ciorstan
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this article is to present an argument supporting the view that the ideology driving the notion of New Public Management (NPM) is not a new or recent aspect of public sector financial reform. Rather, back in the early nineteenth century, significant public discussions were exploring the pros and cons of various financial reforms based on this ideology. The research approach taken in this study is based on a semi-fictitious conversation created between key early nineteenth century public commentators, Sir Henry Parnell and Sir Samuel Bentham. The conversation is constructed through a reflection of the key themes and perspectives presented in Sir Henry Parnell’s pamphlet ‘On financial reform’, first edition published in 1830, and Sir Samuel Bentham’s 1830 letter in response titled ‘Financial reform scrutinized’.
School-Based Experiential Outdoor Education
Authors: James Joan K. , Williams Theresa
Published: February 2017

In this research study, we hear the voices of middle school students, preservice teachers, and practicing middle school teachers in support of school-based experiential outdoor education. The benefits of engaging youth in memorably relevant learning, immersing them in physically active, field-based education, and providing them with authentic, contextualized opportunities to extend classroom-based learning are examined. This research addresses the question, “Is experiential outdoor education for middle school–aged students a valuable use of school time?” The answer is a resounding “YES!” School-based experiential outdoor education, although often neglected as a part of the curriculum in our current era of high-stakes test-based accountability, is definitely a necessity.
Experimental study on the temperature of the contact strip in sliding electric contact
Authors: Chen GX , Hu Y , Dong BJ , Yang HJ , Gao GQ , Wu GN , Zhang WH , Zhou ZR
Published: February 2017

Using a ring-on-block tester with AC, the authors accomplished several experimental tests on the temperature of the contact wire and strip in sliding electric contact. In the test, the temperature of the samples, arc voltage, electric current, and wear volume of the strip were collected. Influences of the normal force, sliding speed, and electric current on the temperature of the contact wire and strip were studied. Test results show that the temperature of the carbon strip increases with the increasing of sliding speed and electric current or the decreasing of normal force. The strip wear rate is linearly related with the temperature of the strip. Moreover, the factors affecting the strip temperature were also discussed.
The application of ceramic technology in spherical pipe joints
Authors: Yong Zhang , Bo Qi , Xinxin Sun
Published: February 2017

Spherical pipe joints are prone to cold welding and wear, which may lead to seal failure under extreme conditions. To solve this problem, the application of ceramic technology in the spherical pipe joints is discussed in this paper. Both numerical simulations and experiments were performed for different types of coating material and different coating thicknesses. The results have demonstrated that the application of a ceramic coating could improve the sealing performance of spherical pipe joints. However, the performance was even better when a fully ceramic cone was used instead. Under the same initial torque, the number of usage cycles was much higher for the fully ceramic cone than for the coated cone, and abrasive wear was very slight. The results are expected to serve as reference for improving the sealing performance of spherical pipe joints.
Similar birth-cohort patterns in Crohn’s disease and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Sonnenberg Amnon , Ajdacic-Gross Vladeta
Published: February 2017

Background:

The etiology of Crohn’s disease and multiple sclerosis is unknown. Genetic susceptibility and environmental factors are believed to play a role in both diseases.

Objectives:

To compare the long-term time trends of the two diseases and thus gain insight about their etiology.

Methods:

We analyzed mortality data of Crohn’s disease and multiple sclerosis from Canada, England, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United States during the past 60 years. Age–period–cohort (APC) analyses based on logit models served to disentangle the separate influences of age, period, and cohort effects on the overall time trends.

Results:

The long-term time trends of Crohn’s disease and multiple sclerosis have been shaped by strikingly similar birth-cohort patterns. In both diseases alike, mortality increased in all generations born prior to 1910. It peaked among generations born between 1910 and 1930 and then declined in all subsequent generations. Similar birth-cohort patterns of Crohn’s disease and multiple sclerosis were found in each country analyzed separately.

Conclusion:

The birth-cohort patterns indicate that the development of Crohn’s disease and multiple sclerosis is influenced by exposure to environmental risk factors during an early period of life. These environmental risk factors may be similar or even identical in Crohn’s disease and multiple sclerosis.
Implementation of the Cultural Formulation through a newly developed Brief Cultural Interview: Pilot data from the Netherlands
Authors: Groen Simon P. N. , Richters Annemiek , Laban Cornelis J. , Devillé Walter L. J. M.
Published: February 2017

The Outline for a Cultural Formulation (OCF) has remained underutilized in clinical practice since its publication in the DSM-IV in 1994. In the Netherlands, a Cultural Interview (CI) was developed in 2002 as a tool to facilitate use of the OCF in clinical practice. The time needed to conduct the interview, however, prevented its systematic implementation within mental health institutions. This article presents the development of a shortened and adapted version, the Brief Cultural Interview (BCI), and a pilot study on the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of its implementation with refugee and asylum seeking patients in a Dutch centre for transcultural psychiatry. Results show that the brief version scores better on feasibility and acceptability, while utility for clinical practice remains similar to that of the original CI. These results support the systematic use of the OCF in psychiatric care for a culturally diverse patient population through the application of a relatively brief cultural interview. A secondary finding of the study is that patients’ cultural identity was considered by clinicians to be more relevant in the treatment planning sessions than their illness explanations.
The lived experience of paroled offenders with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and comorbid psychiatric disorder
Authors: Tait Caroline L. , Mela Mansfield , Boothman Garth , Stoops Melissa A.
Published: February 2017

This case study presents the life history and postincarceration experiences of two forensic psychiatric patients diagnosed with comorbid mental illness and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The men first met in prison and a few years after their release became roommates at the suggestion of their community support worker and parole officer. With shared and coordinated clinical and mentorship supports, the men were able to establish stability in their lives and manage their mental illness. However, changes in support and gaps within the continuum of care contributed to a sudden breakdown in their stability. The life history and experiences of the two men illustrate the importance in establishing and maintaining positive social networks and coordinated supports for the postincarceration success of offenders living with FASD and comorbid mental illness. The findings highlight areas of patient and system vulnerability that should be addressed to reduce recidivism and strengthen the stability in the lives of these individuals.
The effect of regional politics on regional life expectancy in Italy (1980–2010)
Authors: Jonker Marcel F. , D’Ippolito Edoardo , Eikemo Terje A. , Congdon Peter D. , Nante Nicola , Mackenbach Johan P. , Kamphuis Carlijn B.M.
Published: February 2017

Background: The evidence on the association between politics and health is scarce considering the importance of this topic for population health. Studies that investigated the effect of different political regimes on health outcomes show inconsistent results. Methods: Bayesian time-series cross-section analyses are used to examine the overall impact of regional politics on variations in Italian regional life expectancy (LE) at birth during the period 1980–2010. Our analyses control for trends in and unobserved determinants of regional LE, correct for temporal as well as spatial autocorrelation, and employ a flexible specification for the timing of the political effects. Results: In the period from 1980 to 1995, we find no evidence that the communist, left-oriented coalitions and Christian Democratic, centre-oriented coalitions have had an effect on regional LE. In the period from 1995 onwards, after a major reconfiguration of Italy’s political regimes and a major healthcare reform, we again find no evidence that the Centre-Left and Centre-Right coalitions have had a significant impact on regional LE. Conclusion: The presented results provide no support for the notion that different regional political regimes in Italy have had a differential effect on regional LE, even though Italian regions have had considerable and increasing autonomy over healthcare and health-related policies and expenditures.
The Psychometric Evaluation of Human Life Histories
Authors: Copping Lee T. , Campbell Anne , Muncer Steven , Richardson George B.
Published: February 2017

A recent critique of Copping, Campbell, and Muncer raised several issues concerning the validity of psychometric assessment techniques in the study of life history (LH) strategies. In this reply, some of our key concerns about relying on aggregated psychometric measures are explained, and we raise questions generally regarding the use of higher order factor structures. Responses to some of the statistical issues raised by Figueredo et al. are also detailed. We stand by our original conclusions and call for more careful consideration of instruments used to evaluate hypotheses derived from LH theory.
Brief Self-Report Scales Assessing Life History Dimensions of Mating and Parenting Effort
Authors: Kruger Daniel J.
Published: February 2017

Life history theory (LHT) is a powerful evolutionary framework for understanding physiological, psychological, and behavioral variation both between and within species. Researchers and theorists are increasingly integrating LHT into evolutionary psychology, as it provides a strong foundation for research across many topical areas. Human life history variation has been represented in psychological and behavioral research in several ways, including indicators of conditions in the developmental environment, indicators of conditions in the current environment, and indicators of maturation and life milestones (e.g., menarche, initial sexual activity, first pregnancy), and in self-report survey scale measures. Survey scale measures have included constructs such as time perspective and future discounting, although the most widely used index is a constellation of indicators assessing the K-factor, thought to index general life history speed (from fast to slow). The current project examined the utility of two brief self-report survey measures assessing the life history dimensions of mating effort and parenting effort with a large undergraduate sample in the United States. Consistent with the theory, items reflected two inversely related dimensions. In regressions including the K-factor, the Mating Effort Scale proved to be a powerful predictor of other constructs and indicators related to life history variation. The Parenting Effort Scale had less predictive power overall, although it explained unique variance across several constructs and was the only unique predictor of the number of long-term (serious and committed) relationships. These scales may be valuable additions to self-report survey research projects examining life history variation.
The Psychometrics of the Mini-K
Authors: Richardson George B. , Chen Ching-Chen , Dai Chia-Liang , Brubaker Michael D. , Nedelec Joseph L.
Published: February 2017

Many published studies have employed the Mini-K to measure a single fast–slow life history dimension. However, the internal structure of the Mini-K has not been determined and it is not clear that a single higher order K-factor fits the data. It is also not clear that the Mini-K is measurement invariant across groups such as the sexes. To establish the construct validity of K as well as the broader usefulness of applying life history theory to humans, it is crucial that these psychometric issues are addressed as a part of measure validation efforts. Here we report on three studies that used latent variable modeling and data drawn from two college student samples ( ns = 361 and 300) to elucidate the psychometrics of the Mini-K. We found that (a) the Mini-K had a six dimensional first-order structure, (b) the K-factor provided a parsimonious explanation of the associations among the lower order factors at no significant cost to fit, (c) the Mini-K measured the same K-factor across the sexes, (d) K-factor means did not have the same meaning across the sexes and thus the first-order factors should be used in studies of mean sex differences, and finally, (e) the K-factor was only associated with environment and aspects of mating competition in females. Implications and future directions for life history research are discussed.
Bidding to Commit
Authors: Barclay Pat
Published: February 2017

Economists and biologists have both theorized that individuals can benefit from committing to courses of action because it forces others to concede a greater share of any surpluses, but little experimental work has tested the actual benefits of such a strategy and people’s willingness to so “tie their hands.” Participants played a Battle-of-the-Sexes (Experiment 1) or Hawk–Dove game (Experiment 2), where one member of each pair could not change his or her action once played (committed), whereas the other could change actions in response (uncommitted). Committed players were more likely to achieve their preferred outcomes. When bidding to select roles, most participants preferred to be committed rather than uncommitted, though they bid slightly less than the committed role was actually worth. These results provide empirical support for people’s willingness to use commitment to their advantage and show that commitment devices (e.g., “irrational” emotions) can bring long-term benefits.
Precongressional Careers and Committees: The Impact of Congruence
Authors: Francis Katherine , Bramlett Brittany
Published: February 2017

We explore the impact that precongressional careers have on the behavior of new members in the U.S. House of Representatives. Does a former doctor act differently in the House than a former state legislator, lawyer, or businesswoman? Is the former doctor more productive as a new member if assigned to a committee that utilizes his or her perceived and actual experiences in the medical field? We posit that new members who are assigned to committees that align with their career experiences are more active legislators and obtain legislative expertise more quickly than other new members of Congress (MCs), with implications for their future political ambition. To explore these claims, we collected an extensive dataset of the precongressional career experiences of first and second term MCs from the 101st-113th Congresses (1989-2014), their committee assignments, legislative activity, and political ambition. We find that MCs with career-committee congruence have a legislative advantage compared with other new MCs, influencing their transition and trajectory in Congress. Many MCs matched with the right committee are more likely to introduce legislation in their policy area. In addition, we provide some evidence that MCs obtain committee leadership positions more often than their peers without the same early advantage.
Concise method to the dynamic modeling of climbing robot
Authors: Xu Yaru , Liu Rong
Published: February 2017

With the aim of dynamic modeling of the climbing robot with dual-cavity structure and wheeled locomotion mechanism, a succinct and explicit equation of motion based on the Udwadia–Kalaba equation is established. The trajectory constraint of the climbing robot, which is regarded as the external constraint of the system, is integrated into the dynamic equation dexterously. A modified numerical method is considered to reduce the errors because the numerical results obtained by integrating the constrained dynamic equation yield the errors. The trajectories are almost coincident by comparing the modified numerical value and the theoretical value. The driving torques required to guarantee the climbing robot to move along the given trajectory are obtained explicitly, which overcomes the disadvantage of obtaining dynamical equation from traditional Lagrange equation by Lagrange multiplier. The simulations are performed to demonstrate that the dynamical equation established by this method with brevity and accuracy is in accordance with reality status.
Infuriating Impasses
Authors: Yip Jeremy A. , Schweinsberg Martin
Published: February 2017

Prior research has focused on the influence of emotional expressions on the value of negotiated outcomes. Across three studies, we demonstrate that people interacting with angry counterparts become more likely to walk away from a negotiation, resulting in an impasse. In Study 1, participants who encountered counterparts expressing anger were more likely to choose an impasse, relative to those with neutral counterparts. In Study 2, building on the emotion-as-social-information model, we found that inferences of selfishness mediate the effect of angry expressions on impasses. In Study 3, we found that timing moderates the relationship between angry expressions and impasses. Furthermore, we demonstrated that perceptions of inappropriateness mediate the interactive effect of timing and angry expressions on impasses. Taken together, our work reveals that expressing anger is risky in negotiations because people infer that angry counterparts are selfish and become more likely to exit negotiations.
Assessment of the expectancy, seriousness and severity of adverse drug reactions reported for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease therapy
Authors: Petrova Guenka , Stoimenova Assena , Dimitrova Maria , Kamusheva Maria , Petrova Daniela , Georgiev Ognian
Published: February 2017

Introduction:

Adverse drug reactions can cause increased morbidity and mortality, and therefore information needs to be studied systematically. Little is known about the adverse drug reactions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease therapy. The goal of this study is to assess the expectedness, seriousness and severity of adverse drug reactions during chronic obstructive pulmonary disease therapy based on their reporting in the national pharmacovigilance system.

Methods:

This was a prospective, observational, 1-year, real-life study about the pharmacotherapy of a sample of 390 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Prescribed medicines were systematized and national pharmacovigilance databases were searched for reported adverse drug reactions. The expectedness was evaluated through the review of the summary of product characteristics, the seriousness was evaluated by the clinicians based on the life threatening nature of the adverse drug reactions, and the severity was evaluated through Hartwig’s Severity Assessment Scale. Descriptive statistics of the reported adverse drug reactions was performed and the relative risk of developing an adverse drug reaction with all international non-proprietary names included in the analysis was calculated.

Results:

Results confirm that the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a disease with high appearance of adverse drug reactions, and causes many additional costs to the healthcare system. Unexpected and severe adverse drug reactions are frequent. A total of 4.8% of adverse drug reactions were evaluated as life threatening. Majority of adverse drug reactions are classified in Levels 1 (32.6%), 2 (26.4%) and 3 (19%) according to Hartwig’s Severity Assessment Scale. Approximately 22% of reported adverse drug reactions affect people’s everyday life to a greater extent and require additional therapy which might further increase the risk. The relative risk of developing an adverse drug reaction was highest for novphyllin (relative risk = 0.65), followed by aclidinium bromide (relative risk = 0.09). Both indacaterol and salbutamol are with a relative risk of 0.07.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease cause many serious adverse drug reactions, most of them were unexpected, lacking in the short product characteristics. Appropriate reporting of adverse drug reactions is necessary to decrease the risk of patients and healthcare system.
Depth of invasion and GLUT-1 as risk predictors in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ganvir Sindhu M , Bamane Swati A , Katkade Shashikant P , Khobragade Pratima G , Hazarey Vinay P , Gosavi Suchitra R
Published: February 2017

Object:

Predictor of the risk of subclinical nodal metastasis in early oral cancer would be of significant benefit in determining the need for elective neck dissection or adjuvant therapy. Depth of invasion (DOI) and glucose transporter (GLUT-1) expression have been assigned an independent prognostic significance in predicting the risk of nodal metastasis. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the mechanisms linking GLUT-1 expression to DOI in progressive grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Method:

The GLUT-1 expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry, and its association with the DOI was assessed in 90 patients in progressive histological grades of OSCC.

Result:

We hypothesized that OSCC characterized by high frequency of lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, or local recurrences showed highly significant statistical correlation of DOI with the GLUT-1 over expression at the invasion front in progressive histological grades of OSCC, thereby revealing their potential role in predicting both tumour aggressiveness and prognosis.

Conclusion:

The correlation of these two parameters, that is, DOI with GLUT-1 over expression at the invasion front, used simultaneously in progressive histological grades of OSCC, might have a significant prognostic value by highlighting those cases that should be subjected to further lymph node assessment, thereby predicting their risk of occult metastasis, assisting in the selection of patients requiring more aggressive therapy.
Office Setting as Organizational Structure in “Bartleby the Scrivener”
Authors: Kelly Lori Duin
Published: February 2017

This article uses a methodology from the social sciences known as institutional ethnography to analyze the office setting in Herman Melville’s short story “Bartleby the Scrivener” as a site of social organization. This approach contributes to an understanding of how that office came to adopt specific structures as crucial to its functioning and how, as a consequence of those structures, individuals’ roles within the organization’s hierarchies became constituted. As fieldwork occurs inside of organizations, institutional ethnography also provides a tool for identifying and evaluating linguistic markers for an individual’s placement within a larger organizational structure. This approach to the story seems particularly useful for understanding the interpersonal dynamics at the heart of “Bartleby.” At the same time, it provides a method for identifying the larger institutional process at work in Melville’s story, one that contributes to the reproduction of a system of social relations in the workplace that requires subordination and compliance to insure its success.
Unusual Presentation of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Splenic Infarcts
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Soni Parita , Dave Vishangi , Harris Jonathan
Published: February 2017

A 67-year-old man presented with a 3-day history of abdominal pain, fever, and significant weight loss over 2 months. Physical examination revealed left upper quadrant tenderness, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and bilateral pitting edema but peripheral lymphadenopathy was absent. Laboratory tests showed anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). PTT was corrected completely in mixing study. Further workup for the cause of coagulopathy revealed decreased levels of all clotting factors except factor VIII and increase fibrinogen levels, which ruled out disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Flow cytometry of peripheral blood was normal. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) revealed splenomegaly with multiple splenic infarcts without any mediastinal or intraabdominal lymphadenopathy. Further investigations for infective endocarditis (blood cultures and transthoracic echocardiography) and autoimmune disorders (ANA, dsDNA, RA factors) were negative. The patient received treatment for sepsis empirically without any significant clinical improvement. The diagnosis remained unclear despite extensive workup and liver biopsy was conducted due to high suspicion of granulomatous diseases. However, the liver biopsy revealed high-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Unfortunately, patient died shortly after the diagnosis. Here we report a case of high-grade DLBCL with hepatosplenomegaly and splenic infarcts in the absence of any lymphadenopathy or focal lesions. This case highlights the fact that unusually lymphoma can present in the absence of lymphadenopathy or mass lesion mimicking autoimmune and granulomatous disorders. The diagnosis in these cases can only be made on histology, and hence the threshold for biopsy should be low in patients with unclear presentations and multiorgan involvement.
Factors Associated With Infant Bed-Sharing
Authors: Heere Megan , Moughan Beth , Alfonsi Joseph , Rodriguez Jennifer , Aronoff Stephen
Published: February 2017

Objective: Bed-sharing is associated with sudden infant death syndrome and accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for newborn bed-sharing. Methods: Postpartum mothers from a university maternity service were contacted by phone to complete a survey. Demographic and environmental data were collected; newborn bed-sharing and sleep environment were self-reported. Results: A total of 1261 mothers completed surveys; bed-sharing was reported by 79 mothers (6.3%). Multivariate logistic regression identified referral to a nurse (odds ratio [OR] = 10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.5-30) and sleep location “other” than a crib, bassinet, or Pack and Play (OR = 7.1; 95% CI = 1.9-25.9) as factors associated with an increased risk of bed-sharing; formula feeding (OR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.20-0.77) and crib sleeping (OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.26-0.86) reduced this risk. Conclusion: Infants with no identifiable places to sleep, significant health issues, and who are breastfed are more likely to bed-share. Interventional studies should be directed at these factors.
The microenvironment in human myeloid malignancies: emerging concepts and therapeutic implications
Authors: Medyouf Hind
Published: February 2017

Similar to their healthy counterpart, malignant hematopoietic stem cells in myeloid malignancies, such as myeloproliferative neoplasms, myelodysplastic syndromes, and acute myeloid leukemia, reside in a highly complex and dynamic cellular microenvironment in the bone marrow. This environment provides key regulatory signals for and tightly controls cardinal features of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), including self-renewal, quiescence, differentiation, and migration. These features are essential to maintaining cellular homeostasis and blood regeneration throughout life. A large number of studies have extensively addressed the composition of the bone marrow niche in mouse models, as well as the cellular and molecular communication modalities at play under both normal and pathogenic situations. Although instrumental to interrogating the complex composition of the HSC niche and dissecting the niche remodeling processes that appear to actively contribute to leukemogenesis, these models may not fully recapitulate the human system due to immunophenotypic, architectural, and functional inter-species variability. This review summarizes several aspects related to the human hematopoietic niche: (1) its anatomical structure, composition, and function in normal hematopoiesis; (2) its alteration and functional relevance in the context of chronic and acute myeloid malignancies; (3) age-related niche changes and their suspected impact on hematopoiesis; (4) ongoing efforts to develop new models to study niche-leukemic cell interaction in human myeloid malignancies; and finally, (5) how the knowledge gained into leukemic stem cell (LSC) niche dependencies might be exploited to devise novel therapeutic strategies that aim at disrupting essential niche-LSC interactions or improve the regenerative ability of the disease-associated hematopoietic niche.
Brincidofovir is highly efficacious in controlling adenoviremia in pediatric recipients of hematopoietic cell transplant
Authors: Hiwarkar Prashant , Amrolia Persis , Sivaprakasam Ponni , Lum Su Han , Doss Hemalatha , O’Rafferty Ciara , Petterson Toni , Patrick Katharine , Silva Juliana , Slatter Mary , Lawson Sarah , Rao Kanchan , Steward Colin , Gassas Adam , Veys Paul , Wynn Robert
Published: February 2017

Key Points

Brincidofovir has superior antiadenoviral activity and safety profile compared with cidofovir. Brincidofovir is highly efficacious in controlling adenoviremia during the lymphopenic phase of HCT.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: New applications of Schrödingerean Green potential to boundary behaviors of superharmonic functions
Authors: Lai Kai , Mu Jing , Wang Hong
Published: February 2017

By using the Schrödingerean continuation theorem due to Li (Bound. Value Probl. 2015:242, 2015), we obtain some new results for boundary value problems of Schrödingerean Green potentials. As new applications, the boundary behaviors of superharmonic functions at infinity are also obtained.
Diel rhythms and sex differences in the locomotor activity of hawkmoths
Authors: Broadhead Geoffrey T. , Basu Trisha , von Arx Martin , Raguso Robert A.
Published: February 2017

Circadian patterns of activity are considered ubiquitous and adaptive, and are often invoked as a mechanism for temporal niche partitioning. Yet, comparisons of rhythmic behavior in related animal species are uncommon. This is particularly true of Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), in which studies of whole-animal patterns of behavior are far outweighed by examinations of tissue-specific molecular clocks. Here, we used a comparative approach to examine the circadian patterns of flight behavior in Manduca sexta and Hyles lineata, two distantly related species of hawkmoth (Sphingidae). By filming isolated, individual animals we were able to examine rhythmic locomotor (flight) activity at the species level as well as at the level of the individual sexes, and in the absence of interference from social interaction. Our results confirm classic descriptions of strictly nocturnal behavior in M. sexta and demonstrate a dramatically different activity pattern in H. lineata. Furthermore, we show distinct species and sex-specific differences in the maintenance of the endogenous rhythm under conditions of constant darkness. In both species, female activity peaks in advance of males, whereas male activity coincides with periods of female sexual receptivity. This suggests a role for circadian patterns of locomotor activity in synchronizing periods of sexual receptivity between the sexes.
The Design of a Portable Municipal Waste Incinerator With Fuzzy Logic Based Support for Emission Estimation
Authors: Akpe Jude C. , Oyelaran Olatunde A. , Abdulmalik Ibrahim O.
Published: February 2017

A fuzzy logic interface system to estimate oxygen requirement for complete combustion as well as the level of pollution from incinerator gas flue in order to manage solid waste from domestic, institutional, medical and industrial sources was designed. The designed incinerator is double chambered operating with a maximum temperature of 760 °C in the lower chamber and 1000°C in the upper chamber.  The insulating wall is made up of a refractory brick of 55mm in thickness having a 2mm thickness low carbon steel as the outer wall.  Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) and Nitrous oxides (NO)x are the gases was used to demonstrate the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) model. The FIS was built with five input variables (Food, PVC, Polythene, Paper and Textile) and three input variables with two membership functions. The FIS was developed to estimation the degree of possibility distribution of pollution that should be expected when a certain composition of waste is incinerated. The plots of composition of waste high in food against oxygen require for combustion gives a possibility distribution of about 0.9 which is high according to the fuzzy set definition while the plot of waste composition high in PVC against HCL shows linearity.
Estimation of Carbon Stock Stands using EVI and NDVI Vegetation Index in Production Forest of Lembah Seulawah Sub-District, Aceh Indonesia
Authors: Pandapotan Situmorang Jhon , Sugianto Sugianto , . Darusman
Published: February 2017

This study aims to determine the distribution of the vegetation indexes to estimate the carbon stocks of forest stands in the Production Forest of Lembah Seulawah sub-district. Aceh Province, Indonesia. A non-destructive method using allometric equations and landscape scale method were applied, where in carbon stocks at the points of samples are correlated with the index values of each transformation of the vegetation indexes; EVI and NDVI.  Results show that EVI values of study area from 0.05 to 0.90 and NDVI values from 0.17 to 0.85. The regression analysis between EVI with carbon stock value of sample locations equation is Y = 151.7X-39.76. with the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.83. From this calculation, the total carbon stocks in the Production Forest area of Lembah Seulawah sub-district using EVI is estimated 790.344.41 tonnes, and the average value of carbon stocks in average is 51.48 tons per hectare.  Regression analysis between NDVI values at the research locations for the carbon stack measured samples is Y = 204.Xx-102.1 with coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.728. Total carbon stocks in production forest of Lembah Seulawah sub-district using NDVI is estimated 711.061.81 tones. and the average value of carbon stocks is 46.32 tons per hectare. From the above results it can be concluded that the vegetation indexes: EVI and NDVI are vegetation indexed that have a very close correlation with carbon stocks stands estimation. The correlation between EVI with carbon stock and the correlation between NDVI with carbon stock is not significantly different
Reconsidering the fiscal–social policy nexus: the case of social insurance
Authors: Koreh Michal , Béland Daniel
Published: February 2017

Bridging existing streams of fiscal and social policy research, this article lays the foundations for a fiscal-centred perspective on welfare state development and restructuring. This perspective is grounded in two interlocking claims. The first is that social insurance systems financed by contributions can be used by state and non-state actors to advance their fiscal goals, beyond the financing of social benefits and services. The second is that, through different mechanisms such as legitimacy production, institutional design, and coalition building, the design and management of social insurance contribution policies for such fiscal purposes can have a direct impact on social programmes.
feature article: Contemporary experimental feminist Sámi documentary: The first person politics of Liselotte Wajstedt and Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers
Authors: Mackenzie Scott , Stenport Anna Westerståhl
Published: February 2017

This article examines two experimental documentary feminist Sámi films by Liselotte Wajstedt and Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers. Their works deploy experimental techniques such as cell and computer animation, time-lapse photography and superimposition, along with autobiographical voice-overs, thereby challenging many dominant tropes of Sámi filmmaking, including the preponderance of realism and cultural revivalist narratives. Through ‘first person’ filmmaking, Wajstedt’s Sami Daughter Yoik (2007) and Tailfeathers’ Rebel (2014) and Colonial Gaze Sámi Artists’ Collective (co-directed with Nango, 2012) explore the hybridity of identity, trauma, cultural memory and the status of documentary films as artistic practice. The films are situated within larger recent developments in Sámi filmmaking, including initiatives by the International Sámi Film Institute. This article reframes the perimeters of both Sámi and Scandinavian documentary filmmaking in the twenty-first century.
Three Pole Wideband Waveguide Bandpass Filter using Split Ring Resonator Integrated Circular Fractal Shape
Authors: Bage Amit , Das Sushrut
Published: February 2017

This paper presents an alternative concept of metal insert to design compact, wideband, waveguide bandpass filter. Three planar circular fractals, integrated with Split Ring Resonators, have been placed on the transverse plane of a standard WR–90 waveguide at quarter wavelength distance to form the wideband, tri-pole bandpass filter. The proposed filter has been simulated using Ansoft HFSS (version 14) and using equiripple Chebyshev approximation its lumped element equivalent circuit has been obtained. The filter was also fabricated and its frequency response has been measured. The measured result shows a 3-dB fractional bandwidth of 14.08 % at resonant frequency 10.15 GHz. The total length of the filter is 20.33 mm. Detailed design procedure has been presented along with necessary diagram. A table has been provided to compare the performance of the proposed filter with those already available in literatures. The table shows that the proposed filter is compact, has higher bandwidth and better frequency response compared to the rests.
Differences in Movement Speed Before and After a Split-Step Between Professional and Junior Tennis Players
Authors: Filipčič Aleš , Leskošek Bojan , Munivrana Goran , Ochiana Gabriela , Filipčič Tjaša
Published: February 2017

This study investigated tennis players’ speed before, during and after the split-step, deceleration before and acceleration after the split-step in four different stroke groups in three age categories. Seven male professional, eleven male and ten female junior tennis players were recorded with video cameras at official tournaments. Using the SAGIT system, we gathered data on 8,545 split-steps. Tennis players performed a split-step in 82.9% of cases. A tennis player’s speed, deceleration and acceleration were measured 0.2 s before and after the split-step. Differences between categories and stroke groups for each of the five variables were analyzed with a two-way ANOVA. The differences between the groups of players were generally much higher in the speed before, during and after the split-step than in the deceleration before and acceleration after the split-step. Most of these differences were observed between the various stroke groups. These results suggest that players use three types of movement while performing a split-step. In the first type, which is typical of serving and returning, the speed before, during and after the split-step is lower (0.55 to 1.2 m/s). The second type of movement is characteristic of baseline strokes where tennis players achieve higher speed than in the first type (0.7 to 1.66 m/s). The third type occurs in strokes where a tennis player is moving or already at the net (0.78 to 1.9 m/s). Movement in tennis is an area that requires constant development in terms of designing and upgrading movement patterns, increasing speed and practice in specific game situations.
No-show paradox in Slovak party-list proportional system
Authors: Dančišin Vladimír
Published: February 2017

The phenomenon of the paradoxes of the largest remainders methods has been studied by numerous authors. Nevertheless, the examples presented in their studies do not deal with the case where a party’s possible additional votes can directly lead to a loss in the party’s number of representatives. This paradox, which can be called the no-show apportionment paradox, has not previously been mentioned in the literature. It is based on the assumption that a voter’s favourite party may lose a seat if the voter votes honestly but get more seats if he or she abstains. The article gives simple examples illustrating the no-show paradox in a party-list proportional representation electoral system using the quota method of apportionment. In these situations it would be better for the party if some of their voters abstained, otherwise it would lose one or more seats.
Ontología de la resistencia
Authors: Ramírez Cobián Mario Teodoro
Published: February 2017

A partir del uso político-social del término “resistencia”, este ensayo propone un análisis filosófico del concepto de resistencia a través de ciertos pensadores importantes del pensamiento del siglo XX y lo que va de este siglo. Se analiza así el concepto fenomenológico y ontológico de resistencia en cuanto cualidad ontológica (el Ser es lo que resiste a las determinaciones epistémicas y antropológicas) en Merleau-Ponty y autores recientes vinculados al llamado nuevo realismo o realismo especulativo (Meillassoux, Harman, Ferraris). A través de una recuperación de ideas de Deleuze y Foucault se ofrece un concepto político de resistencia como proceso “primario” respecto al poder, a partir de lo cual se propone una redefinición de la democracia como el poder de resistencia del pueblo.
“Instrúyete y tu suerte variará”. La Botánica en El Economista Mexicano, 1886-1892
Authors: Vega y Ortega Baez Rodrigo Antonio
Published: February 2017

Al final del siglo XIX, en la prensa mexicana se publicaron numerosos escritos científicos destinados a educar al lector con miras a modernizar a la sociedad y la economía. El objetivo de la investigación es comprender el interés de los redactores de El Economista Mexicano por divulgar la Botánica mediante la instrucción de un público interesado en aspectos comerciales. Esto en relación con las medidas económicas del grupo de los “científicos” que buscaban impulsar el desarrollo del país. La metodología se basa en la historia social de la ciencia que se interesa por el papel de autores y lectores de la prensa en torno a la divulgación de la ciencia. El periódico dio a conocer estrategias botánicas para educar al lector en la solución de problemas agrícolas, la explotación de la flora nativa y la concepción de que la ciencia era la vía para modernizar al medio rural.