bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) untuk Pemodelan Frekuensi Bepergian Penduduk Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan Tahun 2016
Authors: Yulian Eko
Published: July 2018

Sektor pariwisata memiliki peran penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi wilayah karena dianggap mampu meningkatkan penerimaan daerah, terciptanya lapangan kerja dan peluang usaha serta pembangunan infrastruktur. Sumatera Utara menjadi tujuan wisata utama di pulau Sumatera bila dilihat dari besarnya persentase penerimaan dari wisatawan domestik. Salah satu kabupaten yang memiliki potensi lokasi wisata di Sumatera Utara adalah Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Pemodelan aktivitas perjalanan wisata penduduk Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan menggunakan Zero Inflated Binomial Negative (ZINB) karena mayoritas penduduk banyak yang tidak melakukan perjalanan (excess zero) dan terjadi underdispersi jika dilakukan pemodelan dengan Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP). Pada ZINB bagian regresi Binomial Negatif (log-link) variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap frekuensi bepergian adalah variabel usia dan jenis kelamin, sedangkan pada zero inflation (logistic-link) part variabel yang berpengaruh adalah variabel tingkat pendidikan.

[Tourism Sectors has an important role in regional economic formation. It’s affected on increasing regional income, job creations and business opportunities, and infrastructure development. Sumatera Utara is a primary tourism destination in Sumatera Island. It can be seen in the income share of GDRP domestic tourism sector. One of region that has a lot of tourism sites is Tapanuli Selatan Regency. Tourism trip of Tapanuli Selatan people can be analyzed in Zero Inflated Binomial Negative (ZINB) because most of people didn’t do any trip (excess zero) in a periode of time is really possible and this case may drive the data to under or overdispersion. ZINB outcomes is consists two parts, Negative Binomial part and zero inflation part. The significant variable in Negative Binomial part (log-link) are age and sex. In zero inflation (logistic-link) part, education is significant variable.]
Разработка математических моделей и исследование неравновесных явлений с учетом пространственно-временной нелокальности
Authors: Кудинов Игорь Васильевич , Kudinov Igor Vasilievich
Published: July 2018

На основе принципов локально-неравновесной термодинамики разработаны математические модели процессов переноса тепла, массы, импульса с учетом пространственно-временной нелокальности. Вывод дифференциальных уравнений переноса основывается на учете в диффузионных законах Фурье, Фика, Ньютона, Гука, Ома ускорения во времени как удельных потоков (тепла, массы, импульса), так и градиентов соответствующих величин. Исследования точных аналитических решений полученных моделей позволили обнаружить новые закономерности изменения искомых параметров для малых и сверхмалых значений временной и пространственной переменных, а также для быстропротекающих процессов, время изменения которых сопоставимо со временем релаксации. И, в частности, из анализа точного аналитического решения обнаружен факт задержки во времени принятия граничного условия первого рода, свидетельствующий о том, что ввиду сопротивления тела, оказываемого процессу проникновения теплоты, его мгновенный прогрев на границе невозможен ни при каких условиях теплообмена с окружающей средой. Следовательно, коэффициент теплоотдачи на стенке зависит не только от условий теплообмена (скорость среды, вязкость и прочее), но и от физических свойств тела, и он, во-первых, является переменным во времени и, во-вторых, не может превысить некоторой предельной для каждого конкретного случая величины.
К использованию кусочно-линейных пластических потенциалов
в нестационарной теории температурных напряжений
Authors: Буренин Анатолий Александрович , Burenin Anatoly Alexandrovich , Ткачева Анастасия Валерьевна , Tkacheva Anastasiya Valer'evna , Щербатюк Галина Анатольевна , Scherbatyuk Galina
Published: July 2018

В условиях кусочно-линейного пластического потенциала, задающего в пространстве главных напряжений условие пластичности максимальных приведенных касательных напряжений, получено решение одномерной квазистатической задачи теории температурных напряжений о локальном нагреве круглой пластины, изготовленной из идеального упругопластического материала. Предел текучести полагается зависимым от температуры. Проводится сравнение в распределении текущих и остаточных напряжений при нагреве и остывании металла пластины, полученных как при зависимости упругих моделей от температуры, так и без учета такой зависимости. Показано, что в зависимости от скорости и температуры нагрева возможна смена режима пластического течения при переходе напряженных состояний с одной грани поверхности нагружения на другую. При этом в рассматриваемом случае исключена возможность пластического течения на ребре наклонной призмы текучести, поверхность которой в пространстве главных напряжений является поверхностью нагружения.
Теорема равносходимости для интегрального оператора с кусочно-постоянным ядром
Authors: Королева Ольга Артуровна , Koroleva Olga Arturovna
Published: July 2018

Работа посвящена теореме равносходимости разложений в тригонометрические ряды Фурье и по собственным и присоединенным функциям одного интегрального оператора $A$, ядро которого терпит скачки на сторонах квадрата, вписанного в единичный квадрат. Рассматривается эквивалентный ему интегральный оператор в пространстве вектор-функций размерности 4. Этот оператор замечателен тем, что компоненты его ядра терпят разрывы лишь на линии $t=x$. Находятся необходимые и достаточные условия для обращения оператора $A$. Это условие есть отличие от нуля одного определителя четвертого порядка. Изучается резольвента Фредгольма оператора $A$. Найдена формула для резольвенты. Ее нахождение сводится к решению краевой задачи для дифференциальной системы первого порядка в пространстве вектор-функций размерности четыре. Проводится преобразование этой краевой задачи, которое помогает справиться с трудностями, возникающими при ее решении. Получены также условия, аналогичные условиям регулярности по Биркгофу. Они связаны с отличием от нуля некоторых легко считаемых определителей четвертого порядка. При выполнении этих условий имеет место некоторая оценка для определителя, нули которого являются собственными значениями рассматриваемой краевой задачи. Приводится теорема равносходимости для оператора $A$. Основной метод, применяемый при доказательстве теоремы, - метод Коши - Пуанкаре интегрирования резольвенты изучаемого оператора по расширяющимся контурам в комплексной плоскости спектрального параметра. В работе также приведен пример интегрального оператора с кусочно-постоянным ядром, которое удовлетворяет всем требованиям, полученным в ходе работы.
Динамическая устойчивость деформируемых элементов конструкций при сверхзвуковом режиме обтекания
Authors: Вельмисов Пeтр Александрович , Vel'misov Petr Alexandrovich , Анкилов Андрей Владимирович , Ankilov Andrey Vladimirovich
Published: July 2018

Исследуется устойчивость деформируемого элемента конструкции в виде пластины-полосы при обтекании ее сверхзвуковым потоком идеального газа. Принятые в работе определения устойчивости соответствуют концепции устойчивости динамических систем по Ляпунову. Для описания динамики упругого тела используется математическая модель, учитывающая поперечные и продольные деформации упругой пластины. Модель описывается связанной системой дифференциальных уравнений в частных производных для двух неизвестных функций деформаций. Аэродинамическое давление на пластину определяется согласно «поршневой» теории А.А. Ильюшина. На основе построенного функционала для случая шарнирного неподвижного закрепления концов пластины получены достаточные условия устойчивости решений предложенной системы уравнений, описывающей продольно-поперечные колебания пластины. Произведена оценка амплитуды деформаций в зависимости от начальных условий. На конкретном примере одной механической системы показано использование доказанных теорем и оценок.
Perkembangan Kawasan Permukiman Akibatnya Terhadap Ruang Terbuka di Kota Semarang
Authors: Azzaki Muhammad Ridha , Soetomo Sugiono
Published: July 2018

Semarang is the capital city of Central Java Province, as a metropolitan city, Semarang has the capablity to support the rapid development of the city , one of the evident is the highly of activity on physical infrastucture, one of them is the construction of residential areas along the high rate of population growth. Settlement area development activities emerge the negatively impact to reduce the existence of open space area. This study uses a quantitative method through positivistic approach. Research data presented by the form of figures and the analysis using the statistics. This study was first carried out in 2006 and 2011 to analyze the spatial through digitized the image map of Semarang, and the results of the digitization of spatial land area of open space and a residential area, which is used to formulate some stage subsequent analysis: 1) Identification and analysis of the influence of the development of residential areas against the open space in the city, 2) Analysis of the acceleration of the projected change of land per year in Semarang in 2006-2020, 3) Analysis of the application of open space 30% (sample in District Tembalang). The result of this analysis showed the relationship between the relevant mutual influence. The rate of population growth and development of residential areas with a relationship of mutual influence supply and demand. Then, as the development of residential areas causes the reduction of open space. In additon, the background of this problem is how to formulate the recommendations to control the land use plan , in order to create an ideal city land use in the future.
Penggunaan Jalur Pejalan Kaki di Koridor Jalan Pahlawan dan Jalan Pemuda Kota Semarang oleh Masyarakat Difabel
Authors: Pratama Pradipta
Published: July 2018

Pahlawan streets and Pemuda streets has recently experienced significant improvements in improving the quality of public space in particular pedestrian ways. Significant improvements were addressed by the government of Semarang that all segments of society could use it more comfortable and safe, but  in  reality  both pedestrian  ways in  the  two corridors  is  still  rarely  seen  used by  people  with disabilities. Referring to the problems it is the thought that research is needed to evaluate the use of pedestrian ways on Pahlawan streets and Pemuda streets for people with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of pedestrian ways for people with disabilities as well as obtain the factors that cause minimal numbers people with disabilities who access the pedestrian ways. Research targets are to be achieved by identifying the feasibility s tudy of literature and the public perception of disability. The research method uses deductive research methods with qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. This technique is done by commenting on  the feasibility of the elements contained in the pedestrian ways based on the literature and the public perception of disability. Based on a literature review that refers to problems in the field of research obtained variables which are divided into two focus the observation were variables pedestrian ways and variables public perception disabilities. For  people  with disabilities who selected were the physically disabled, visually impaired, hearing impaiired and ederly with perception measurement include comfort, convenience, safety, achievement, usability, sensitivity and independence. Based on the results of the analysis it is known that both the pedestrian ways on Pahlawan streets and Pemuda streets can not be said to be feasible for handicapped due to the lack of quality of both the pedestrian ways. It is also known that there are external and internal factors that dominate cause the minimum  number  of  people  with  disabilities  ranging  from  pedestrian  ways  conditions,  their  own motivation or desire, age and availability of transportation. Under these conditions, the improvements in both the pedestrian ways is necessary to improve the quality of its use for people with disabilities.
Continuity of Local Identity in The Multicultural Neighborhood
Authors: Jaya R Clarrio Dimassetya , Pradoto Wisnu
Published: July 2018

A century ago, Sosrowijayan Wetan was a homogenous place and all of its inhabitants were Javanese. However, tourist accommodation development in the area gave rise to globalization. As a result, Sosrowijayan Wetan transformed into an international tourist neighborhood, especially for backpackers. The differences of value between expatriates and local people stimulated transformation in Sosrowijayan Wetan, for instance, in spatial and socio-cultural aspects. The destabilizing effect of this transformation involved a highly complex process with an important consequence in the continuity of the local identity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the continuity of local identity in Sosrowijayan Wetan. A constructivist grounded theory as qualitative methods was utilized. The transcribed data were constantly built into a collective story. It was found that most insiders continued to hold onto and identify with the traditional ways of life and felt strong ties to their neighborhood. However, the structures and the values in this community seemed to be more resistant to change. Therefore, local initiative for cultural resilience became more important because the decline of local culture might lead to more multicultural problems. For instance, if the insiders were not interested in supporting the initiative through their participation in the organization, multicultural interaction problems would proliferate. This relationship influenced the continuity of local identity through its adaptation strategy for the cultural resilience.
Tata Kelola Percepatan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Jawa Tengah (Studi Kasus Kota Semarang)
Authors: Budiati Lilin
Published: July 2018

This study is aimed to examinate and anlalyse the governance of poverty countermeasure acceleration in Central Java Province with Semarang City as the case study. The policy of poverty countermeasure acceleration was realized through the Presidential Regulation No. 15/2010, which was followed up with Minister of Internal Affairs Regulation No. 42/2010. This study is a developmental study with qualitative approach by using primary and secondary data. Ressearch findings were interpreted by futuristic approach to describe the future reality that will be constructed. The research results show that: (1) The governance of poverty countermeasure acceleration has not been vertically and horizontally integrated yet; (2) Coordination which will be developed through TKPK formation at the provincial, city/district level has not been realized yet because of procedural conflict; (3) The poverty countermeasure acceleration program has not been oriented yet to production, trading, and investment activities in the free market place; (4) The solution of governance problem is an effective team formation by the Governor oc Central Java Province.
Evaluasi Trotoar Sebagai Feeder Non Motorized untuk Mendukung Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Di Kota Semarang
Authors: Purwanto Eko , Manullang Okto Risdianto
Published: July 2018

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Trans Semarang Koridor I merupakan salah satu moda transportasi umum yang ada di Bagian Wilayah Kota (BWK) I Kota Semarang. Keberadaan BRT Trans Semarang belum didukung penyediaan trotoar sebagai prasarana berjalan kaki (non motorized transportation) yang aman dan nyaman di sepanjang koridor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas trotoar di BWK I sebagai feeder untuk mendukung BRT Trans Semarang Koridor I di BWK I. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis karakteristik pejalan kaki berdasarkan masksud pergerakan dan moda yang digunakan, analisis kondisi trotoar berdasarkan preferensi pejalan kaki dengan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), serta analisis kualitas trotoar dengan pendekatan Pedestrian Environmental Quality Index (PEQI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi trotoar di BWK I belum seluruhnya optimal dalam memberikan keamanan dan kenyamanan bagi pejalan kaki. Lampu penerangan dan pagar pengaman merupakan variabel yang sangat penting dan menjadi prioritas utama untuk meningkatkan keamanan, sedangkan keberadaan pelindung cuaca, keberadaan tempat duduk dan kemiringan (ramp) permukaan merupakan variabel kenyamanan yang sangat penting dan menjadi prioritas utama untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan. Kualitas trotoar di Zona 2 sebagai pusat kota dan Central Business District (CBD) cenderung lebih baik dibandingkan Zona 1 dan Zona 3 yang merupakan wilayah penyangganya. Selain itu penyediaan trotoar masih memprioritaskan pada jalan-jalan utama koridor BRT, dimana trotoar yang ada memiliki kualitas basis (dasar) dan dapat diterima pejalan kaki.
Phytochemical screening and in vitro evaluation of alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase and beta galactosidase inhibition by aqueous and organic Atractylis gummifera L. extracts
Authors: Bouabid Khadija , Lamchouri Fatima , Toufik Hamid , Sayah Karima , Cherrah Yahia , Faouzi My El Abbes
Published: July 2018

Diabetes is a chronic condition which is increasingly progressing throughout the world. To treat it, several methods are used, among which is medicinal plants that still have an unknown mechanism of action. The objective of this work is to evaluate the in vitro hypoglycemic effect of the extracts of the underground part of Atractylis gummifera, a member of Asteraceae used in traditional Moroccan medicine. A phytochemical study of the aqueous extracts (decocted, infused and macerated) and organic extracts (methanol, methanol macerate, chloroformic, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether), and a phytochemical screening of the different secondary metabolites was done. The antidiabetic power of the extracts of A. gummifera by testing the inhibitory activity of ?-amylase, ?-glucosidase and ?-galactosidase, which are enzymes responsible for the digestion of polysaccharides was determined. The extracts of A. gummifera are very rich in flavonoids and tannins, and are inhibitory to?-amylase and ?-glucosidase, mainly the macerate of methanol with IC50 values of 0.557 ± 0.013 and 0.743 ± 0.017 mg / mL respectively. Higher ?-galactosidase inhibitory potential than quercetin was observed for aqueous macerates and methanol with IC50 values of 2.23 ± 0.012 and 2.443 ± 0.071 mg / mL respectively. The extracts of A. gummifera possess a significant inhibitory activity of the alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase and beta-galactosidase enzymes, in particular the macerate of methanol followed by the aqueous macerate, among the eight extracts tested.
Urinary measurement of circulating tumor DNA for treatment monitoring and prognosis of metastatic colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Song Tao , Mao Fei , Shi Li , Xu Xuemei , Wu Zirong , Zhou Juan , Xiao Meifang
Published: July 2018

Background

Solid tumor tissue testing is the gold standard for molecular-based assays for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This poses challenges during treatment monitoring. Total DNA derived from urine specimens offers clear advantages to track the disease dynamics. Our study aims to evaluate the sensitivity for total DNA recovered from urine and its clinical relevance to mCRC.

Methods

KRAS mutations in urine specimens were examined in 150 mCRC patients. Baseline concordance was established to determined clinical relevance. The total DNA quantities were also prospectively examined in serial samplings during treatment.

Results

Analysis of the genetic mutations showed good agreement for baseline samples. Matched tumor and urine specimens’ molecular profiles were observed to have 90% concordance. Comparing with healthy volunteers, we established a cutoff of 8.15 ng that demonstrated elevated total DNA levels was associated with mCRC patients (sensitivity: 90.7%; specificity: 82.0%). For patients treated with chemotherapy or anti-epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, DNA quantity mirrored early treatment response. Survival analysis showed that patients with sustained elevated quantities of KRAS mutations had poorer outcome.

Conclusions

Total urine DNA offers a viable complement for mutation profiling in mCRC patients, given the good agreement with matched tumor samples. Our study also established that this is specific based on the results from healthy individuals. Serial monitoring of total DNA levels allowed early prediction to treatment response and was effective to identify high risk patients. This is potentially useful to complement current disease management.
Inner Life, Meaningful Work, Conditions for Community, and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour
Authors: Azeez Rasheed Olawale , Genty Kabiru Ishola
Published: July 2018

This paper investigated the relationship that exists among inner life, meaningful work, conditions for community, and organisational citizenship behaviour amongst Nigerian academics. The study embraced a quantitative approach using survey research design, which is ex post facto in nature with the engagement of quantitative and correlational methods. Thus, a convenience sampling technique was utilised to administer 328 questionnaires amongst the academics of two Nigerian public universities. Three hypotheses were stated and tested using inferential statistics tools via the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and the Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) version 22. The multivariate statistical processes used in this paper are confirmatory factor analyses, structural equation modelling, as well as model fit indices. The results indicated an insignificant positive relationship between inner life and organisational citizenship behaviour. However, it was evident that a strong positive relationship existed between conditions for community and organisational citizenship behaviour. In contrast, the study revealed that there was no significant relationship between meaningful work and organisational citizenship behaviour. Therefore, this paper concludes that the management of universities should always communicate the mutual benefit of engaging in organisational citizenship behaviour to the members of their staff through effective conditions for community, such as aiding of staff personal growth and fair evaluation of work.
Determination of Sorption Properties of Heavy Metals in Various Biosorbents
Authors: Kłos Andrzej
Published: July 2018

Various techniques of determination of properties of physicochemical processes of heavy metal sorption in biosorbents were analysed. The methods of preparing and storing samples, conditions of experiment performance, as well as the methods of data interpretation were discussed. Two procedures of study were analysed: (1) in the static system of biosorbent-solution contact and (2) in the system of dynamic flow of solution. Copper cation sorption was studied. The effect of consecutive stages of the study on the quality of final results was shown. A high degree of uncertainty of the sorption capacity assessment was reported, which was dependent on the manner of conducting the study. The application of the pseudo-second order reaction model was substantiated to describe kinetics of cation-exchange sorption and the model of Langmuir isotherm to describe equilibria. The study conducted reveals that in order to perform comparative analyses, it is necessary to establish a joint concept of conducting studies and the interpretation of results.
On Arbitral Jurisdiction. How to Deal with the Complementarity between Arbitral Tribunals and the Courts?
Authors: Cavallini Cesare
Published: July 2018

Why might one argue that the arbitral tribunal should have the “competence” to rule, as of right, upon its own jurisdiction? Is this natural power consistent with the legitimacy of arbitration? Can it unquestionably achieve the greatest level of efficiency for the parties?

Although a considerable body of literature has attempted to answer these questions, this article aims to address (and partially reframe) the core issues relating to arbitral jurisdiction by comparing different legal systems and operative solutions in order to search for new and valuable insights on the topic . There is no doubt, in fact, that the orthodox position traditionally starts from the assumption that access to the courts within parallel proceedings, which (also) questions the allocation of jurisdiction, is problematic also due to the risk of delaying tactics by one party. According to this line of reasoning, when the authority of the arbitrators is challenged, the balance between the legitimacy and the efficiency of the arbitration process could be conditioned by prejudices relating to the (necessary) interference of the courts with the power of the arbitral tribunal to determine its own potestas judicandi (or its lack thereof) on the merits.

In an attempt to move on from the classical framing of this issue and towards a comparative evaluation of the rationales and values underlying domestic legislation on arbitral jurisdiction, considered also with reference to the provisions of the UNCITRAL Model Law, this article will seek to provide a solution that is rooted in the complementary role of the courts and of arbitral tribunals. The complementarity between arbitral tribunals and the courts will be shown to be key in securing the legitimacy of arbitration and the actual pre-eminence of this source of alternative private justice and, accordingly, also as a way of striking the optimum balance with the efficiency of the arbitration process.
On the Influence of Walking on Hazard Detection for Prospective User-Centered Design of an Assistance System for Older Pedestrians
Authors: Protzak Janna , Wiczorek Rebecca
Published: July 2018

As older pedestrians are at high risk of being involved in car crashes, an assistance system is currently under development. One of it’s aims is to encourage them to stop walking before looking for traffic. The approach was evaluated in two studies. Age group -young vs. old- and motoric condition -walking vs. standing- served as independent variables in both experiments. Experiment one was conducted in a pedestrian traffic simulation with a traffic related visual hazard detection task with simulated walking. Analysis revealed no age-specific dual-task costs for accuracy and response time. This unexpected result was ascribed to the insufficient operationalization of the walking task, which lacked important aspects of real walking such as requirements of keeping the balance. Therefore, experiment two, comprised real walking but a simple visual task. In the second experiment older participants missed more targets than younger. More important, number of errors increased as a function of motor load only for older participants. Response times were enhanced for older participants and faster for both groups while standing compared to walking. Results are discussed with regard to the development of an assistance systems for older pedestrians and theoretical implications for prospective user-centered experimental design.
Use of Information and Communication Technology in Healthcare Context by Older Adults in Germany: Initial Results of the Tech4Age Long-Term Study
Authors: Mertens Alexander , Rasche Peter , Theis Sabine , Bröhl Christina , Wille Matthias
Published: July 2018

In 2016 the interdisciplinary research team Tech4Age started its long-term survey to evaluate the use of information and communication technology (ICT) by older adults (60+) in Germany. This study focuses on the use of ICT devices and applications, the evaluation how these devices are operated in terms of ergonomic hand positions, the investigation of health information usage as well as technology affinity, health literacy and computer literacy. The first run of the Tech4Age long-term study was done by sending a paper-based questionnaire to 5,000 individuals older than 60 years randomly selected from the total German population and equally locally distributed within Germany. Responses were collected from N = 551 participants with a mean age of 69.17 years (SD = 5.787). The gender ratio of the sample is balanced, including 51.3% male and 48.7% female. Results provide descriptive insights into technology usage and knowledge about influencing factors. Older adults already use modern ICT on a large scale, for example to do online banking or for mobility reasons (navigation, booking tickets, etc.), but health-related ICT products and applications have been used less, mainly due to mistrust. Investigation of health information usage showed that doctors and pharmacists are the main sources older adults rely on. Two thirds of all participants were satisfied with general information they got about health. The evaluation of the ergonomic use of ICT devices revealed a common way of use, namely that a majority of older adults prefer to use their ICT devices in the case of a small display in portrait mode and in the case of larger displays in portrait as well as landscape mode. Touch input is always performed with a finger or the second hand, the one not holding the device. The article will present and discuss the results in detail.
Human-Machine Integration as Support Relation: Individual and Task-Related Hybrid Systems in Industrial Production
Authors: Weidner Robert , Argubi-Wollesen Andreas , Karafillidis Athanasios , Otten Bernward
Published: July 2018

One of the greatest societal challenges right now can be seen in the design of the interaction between human and technology. Especially in recent years this has become more intense. In almost all life situations, we are already supported or assisted by technology. Such systems come in various forms and characteristics. This paper will report on an ongoing research project named smartASSIST which aims to establish methods for the development of wearable systems for physical support as well as exemplary supporting technologies. The research is based upon a theoretical foundation of human-machine support relations which leads to the conceptual approach of constructing Human-Hybrid-Robot (HHR) systems.
Biodiesel production using immobilized lipase supported on a zirconium-pillared clay. Effect of the immobilization method
Authors: Colín-Luna J.A. , Zamora-Rodea E.G. , González-Brambila M.M. , Barrera-Calva E. , Rosas-Cedillo R. , Medina-Mendoza A.K. , García-Martínez J.C.
Published: July 2018

Edible oils, used in restaurants and households, have become a potential source of environmental pollution because their residuals are indiscriminately poured into rivers and lakes. One cost-effective and sustainable way to treat this waste is using this biomass in the production of biofuels, such as biodiesel. The main reactions for obtaining biodiesel are catalyzed in a homogeneous phase, using basic or acid solutions (NaOH or H2SO4, respectively) or in a heterogeneous phase, using a porous material with or without metals. One interesting reaction, owing to its low energy consumption, is carried out using biocatalysts of enzymes immobilized in porous materials. In this work, a porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) was immobilized in a zirconium-pillared clay (Zr-PILC) by means of two syntheses: adsorption (PPL/Zr-PILC ADS) and cross-linking (PPL/Zr-PILC CL). The biocatalysts were used in the transesterification of canola oil. The amount of methyl esters was produced in the order Zr-PILC ≈ PPL ≪ PPL/Zr-PILC CL ≪ PPL/Zr-PILC ADS. According to these results, the activity and selectivity are a function of the method of synthesis and show the potential of these biocatalysts to transform waste oil in biodiesel at low cost by means of a sustainable process.
To diet or not to diet in neonatal diabetes responding to sulfonylurea treatment
Authors: Ioacara Sorin , Sava Elisabeta , Barosan Alexandra , Cojocaru Florentina , Gutan Adelina , Fica Simona
Published: July 2018

Background

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is defined as a monogenic form of diabetes that occurs in the first 6 months of life. As information on diet in NDM patients successfully treated with sulfonylurea is not yet available, we aimed to investigate the hypothesis that a carb-restricted diet is not needed in such cases.

Case presentation

In this case report, we present a successful implementation of a completely liberalized diet in a young patient with NDM, developmental delay and epilepsy (DEND syndrome), who was also switched to sulfonylurea treatment. The excellent metabolic control during follow-up despite completely ignoring any diet suggests that at least in some patients this approach might work.

Conclusions

If our proposed hypothesis is also confirmed by other reports, it might add significantly to the quality of life of these patients and broaden the knowledge in this medical field.
Crystal structure of 1-(5-bromo-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-indol-7-yl)ethanone oxime, C17H15BrN2O2
Authors: Mphahlele Malose J.
Published: July 2018

C17H15BrN2O2, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 14.4197(9) Å, b = 7.5423(5) Å, c = 14.9602(9) Å, β = 114.665(2)°, V = 1478.59(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0196, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0526, T = 173(2) K.
Clustered plasticity in Long-Term Potentiation: How strong synapses persist to maintain long-term memory
Authors: Mikhaylova Marina , Kreutz Michael R.
Published: July 2018

The storage of memory requires at least in part maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) in dendritic spine synapses. Neighboring synapses are frequently arranged into functional clusters. At present, it is still unclear how these clusters evolve, why they are stable for longer time periods and how spines interact within a cluster. In this review, we will provide an overview of current concepts of clustered plasticity and we will discuss cellular as well as molecular mechanisms that might be relevant for spine stability and associated functions in the context of LTP. We will propose that dynamics of initially formed clusters depend on compartmentalization of dendrites and that activity-dependent gene expression kicks in to preserve differences in synaptic weight. We will discuss how mechanisms of synaptic tagging, the presence of secretory organelles in dendrites and the incorporation of synaptic scaling factors that are encoded by immediate early genes interact to preserve clustered plasticity.
NSSC pulping of fast growing trees
Authors: Vidaurre Graziela Baptista , Pereira Miguel , Boschetti Walter Torezani Neto , Patt Rudolf , Colodette Jorge Luiz , Vital Benedito Rocha , de Almeida Maria Naruna Felix
Published: July 2018

Neutral sulphite semichemical pulping (NSSC) of Schizolobium amazonicum (Paricá), a fast-growing Amazonian tree, was compared with that of Eucalyptus grandis (eucalypt), one of the most important wood sources for the Brazilian pulp industry, and with mixtures of both woods in different proportions (mix). Wood chips prepared from 7-year old trees were steamed, cooked using the NSSC process and defibered in a 12” disc refiner in three stages. The paricá wood produced pulp of lower yield (75 %) than eucalypt (77 %) at 16 % sulfite/150 min/170 °C. The paricá and eucalypt pulps were bleached to about 68 and 74 % ISO brightness, respectively, by the QPFAS sequence. Paricá consumed more energy for refining in comparison with the eucalypt wood. The wood mix produced lower yield and brightness than the single species processed separately.
The Intermediate World: A Key Concept in Beautiful Thinking
Authors: Jørgensen Dorthe
Published: July 2018

The term ‘the intermediate world’ is a key concept in Den skønne tænkning (Beautiful Thinking) and the metaphysics of experience presented by this book. The metaphysics of experience is about the experiences of transcendence and beautiful thinking that take place in the intermediate world. In the article “The Intermediate World,” this subject is introduced through a discussion of thoughts and concepts formulated by Paul Klee (Zwischenwelt), Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten (beautiful thinking), Aristotle (phantasia), Immanuel Kant (expanded thinking), Mark C. Taylor (imagination), and Eugenio Trías (the limit). The text depicts the intermediate world as the level of experience at which the understanding does not yet distinguish between subject and object. The intermediate world is thus not a realm between human and world, nor is it something outside the world we know. The intermediate world is rather the present world in its most original state: the ‘place’ where we find the source of all experience and cognition, a source called ‘basic experience’ characterized by sensation, faith, and comprehension. In this realm, imagination is active and takes the form of an objective force rather than a subjective mental power. Imagination opens mind and world, thus allowing not-yetactualized possibilities to become perceivable.
Environment aware ADL recognition system based on decision tree and activity frame
Authors: Melo Nicholas , Lee Jaeryoung
Published: July 2018

The interest towards robots for elderly care has been growing in the last years. Systems aiming to integrate robot interactive components and the user’s activity recognition system are increasing as well. This work presents an activity aware intelligent system that supports user in his/her daily life tasks. The proposed system aims to integrate three important aspects into a smart house application (environment monitoring, user activity recognition and user friendly interaction). The information gathered from sensors across the environment is structured as the state of the environment in a compacted form called activity frame. This specific frame is used by a predictor (based on the decision tree method), in order to recognize the activities that have been performed by the user inside his/her domestic environment. The recognized activity is used by an user-interactive component, which uses the predicted behavior as a guideline for its interaction planner. The presented activity recognition system was tested with the data provided by different smart home projects, and the recognition rate for the proposed predictor has high recognition rate compared to other similar ones. The architecture described by the sensory network allows the system to be easily implemented in real time in a smart house context.
Investigation of the Biocompatibility of Surgical Masks
Authors: Sipahl Hande , Bayram Filiz Esra Onen , Palabiyik Saziye Sezin , Bayram Dilara , Aydin Ahmet
Published: July 2018

According to the ISO10993-1 standard medical devices should be evaluated before marketing. Although there are studies that monitor the toxicity of several marketed medical devices, none of them describe the toxicity of masks that are widely used to avoid occupational exposure to biological hazard or toxic chemicals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of eight purchased surgical masks of different brands, investigating their cytotoxicity and inflammation inducing capacity. Cytotoxicity was assessed via the MTT cell viability assay and inflammation was monitored by measuring nitrite, kynurenine and tryptophan levels. A preliminary study revealed that four samples were capable of killing L929 cells. Therefore the materials composing these masks were also evaluated separately. While the exposure to non-woven materials did not involve any changes in cell survival, exposing cells to elastic and sponge materials led to death in significant levels. Also, significant increases in nitrite levels with a decrease in tryptophan and kynurenine levels were obtained with cells treated with these materials, suggesting an inflammatory response that could be related to the observed cytotoxicity. Our studies revealed that the half of the randomly collected masks did not suit the biocompatibility criteria established by the ISO10993-1 standard, which is a quite unexpected result.
“A Lovelorn Orphan in a Cold	World”
Authors: Stevenson Michael D. , Brown Sarah-Jane
Published: July 2018

Bertrand Russell undertook an extended North American lecture tour in 1931 to raise funds for the Beacon Hill experimental school he operated with Dora Russell. To rectify the existing lack of scholarly analysis of the 1931 tour, this paper provides annotated transcriptions of twenty-eight letters Russell sent during the tour to Dora and to Patricia Spence, Russell’s mistress. These letters provide intriguing insights into the state of Russell’s financial and professional affairs and illuminate personal relationships he cultivated in the United States and Canada. Most importantly, they document his complex marital situation at this tumultuous juncture in his life before he decided to end his relationship with Dora early in 1932 in favour of Spence.
Acute Effects of Battle Rope Exercise on Performance, Blood Lactate Levels, Perceived Exertion, and Muscle Soreness in Collegiate Basketball Players
Authors: Chen Wei-Han , Yang Wen-Wen , Lee Yi-Hua , Wu Huey-June , Huang Chen-Fu , Liu Chiang
Published: July 2018

Chen, WH, Yang, WW, Lee, YH, Wu, HJ, Huang, CF, and Liu, C. Acute effects of battle rope exercise on performance, blood lactate levels, perceived exertion, and muscle soreness in collegiate basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2857–2866, 2020—This study investigated the acute effects of battle rope (BR) exercise on basketball players' performance, blood lactate levels, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and perceived muscle soreness. Fifteen well-trained Division-I male basketball players underwent the same test procedure at baseline, before BR exercise (30 minutes of rest after the baseline test), and after BR exercise. The 30-minute experimental protocol comprised 6 BR exercises at a work-to-rest ratio of 1:2 (20-second exercise and 40-second rest). Shooting accuracy, basketball chest pass speed, countermovement jump (CMJ) height, blood lactate levels, RPE (Borg Category-Ratio-10 scale), and perceived muscle soreness (visual analog scale, 0–100 mm) were measured in each test. The results indicated no change for any variables between baseline and before BR exercise. After BR exercise, performance decrements (p < 0.05) were recorded in shooting accuracy (16.9%) and basketball chest pass speed (9.1%), but no significant changes were observed for CMJ height. Battle rope exercise caused increases in blood lactate levels (13.6 mmol·L−1), RPE (9.9), and perceived muscle soreness (upper-limb: 63–67 mm; trunk: 43–68 mm; and lower-limb: 45–52 mm). In conclusion, BR exercise is physically demanding on the upper body, resulting in decreased performance in shooting accuracy and basketball chest pass speed. Battle rope exercise may not be beneficial before a practice or game because it triggers acute exercise-induced performance decrements and fatigue. However, BR exercise may be suitable for basketball training sessions in which the objective is to strengthen technical skills under fatiguing conditions.
Eye Movement-Related Confounds in Neural Decoding of Visual Working Memory Representations
Authors: Mostert Pim , Albers Anke Marit , Brinkman Loek , Todorova Larisa , Kok Peter , de Lange Floris P.
Published: July 2018

A relatively new analysis technique, known as neural decoding or multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA), has become increasingly popular for cognitive neuroimaging studies over recent years. These techniques promise to uncover the representational contents of neural signals, as well as the underlying code and the dynamic profile thereof. A field in which these techniques have led to novel insights in particular is that of visual working memory (VWM). In the present study, we subjected human volunteers to a combined VWM/imagery task while recording their neural signals using magnetoencephalography (MEG). We applied multivariate decoding analyses to uncover the temporal profile underlying the neural representations of the memorized item. Analysis of gaze position however revealed that our results were contaminated by systematic eye movements, suggesting that the MEG decoding results from our originally planned analyses were confounded. In addition to the eye movement analyses, we also present the original analyses to highlight how these might have readily led to invalid conclusions. Finally, we demonstrate a potential remedy, whereby we train the decoders on a functional localizer that was specifically designed to target bottom-up sensory signals and as such avoids eye movements. We conclude by arguing for more awareness of the potentially pervasive and ubiquitous effects of eye movement-related confounds.
Current global food production is sufficient to meet human nutritional needs in 2050 provided there is radical societal adaptation
Authors: Berners-Lee M. , Kennelly C. , Watson R. , Hewitt C. N.
Published: July 2018

We present a quantitative analysis of global and regional food supply to reveal the flows of calories, protein and the micro-nutrients vitamin A, iron and zinc, from production through to human consumption and other end points. We quantify the extent to which reductions in the amount of human-edible crops fed to animals and, less importantly, reductions in waste, could increase food supply. The current production of crops is sufficient to provide enough food for the projected global population of 9.7 billion in 2050, although very significant changes to the socio-economic conditions of many (ensuring access to the global food supply) and radical changes to the dietary choices of most (replacing most meat and dairy with plant-based alternatives, and greater acceptance of human-edible crops currently fed to animals, especially maize, as directly-consumed human food) would be required. Under all scenarios, the scope for biofuel production is limited. Our analysis finds no nutritional case for feeding human-edible crops to animals, which reduces calorie and protein supplies. If society continues on a ‘business-as-usual’ dietary trajectory, a 119% increase in edible crops grown will be required by 2050.
Classificação comparada das lesões de ordem mecânica segundo a traumatologia forense no exame de corpo de delito em animais
Authors: Tremori Tália Missen , Ribas Laila Massad , Massad Mara Rita Rodrigues , Reis Sérvio Túlio Jacinto , Pinto Ana Carolina Fonseca , Rocha Noeme Sousa
Published: July 2018

Elucidação de crimes é um assunto de extrema relevância, já que a criminalidade é inerente à sociedade. A Medicina Veterinária Legal é uma área em ascensão e são cada vez mais frequentes processos judiciais envolvendo animais. Este artigo tem por objetivo classificar e descrever diferentes tipos de lesões de ordem mecânica que são encontradas com frequência em animais. A classificação é realizada de uma maneira comparativa com o Código Penal, tendo como base a traumatologia forense em humanos. Desta maneira é possível facilitar os profissionais que irão realizar estes exames a elaborar relatórios e melhorar a determinação do judiciário de sanções penais e administrativas proporcionais para os réus de acordo com a gravidade de cada situação.
Cogumelo de espuma em vítima de projéteis de arma de fogo: relato de caso
Authors: Alvim de Souza Eliane Helena , Bezerra do Nascimento Wagner , De Moraes Andrade Nasci Patricia Roberta , Oliveira Pedrosa Spindola Michelline , De Souza Andrade Emanuel Sávio , Alvim de Souza Elaine Helena
Published: July 2018

A formação do cogumelo de espuma, devido a penetração de líquido na árvore respiratória, está comumente associada ao evento asfixia mecânica por afogamento onde se observam finas bolhas de coloração branca ou rósea que se estendem do trato aéreo respiratório inferior ao ambiente através das cavidades bucal e nasal. Porém, o cogumelo de espuma também pode ser evidenciado em outras formas de asfixias mecânicas, como no edema agudo de pulmão e em mortes precedidas de grandes crises convulsivas. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de formação de cogumelo de espuma em homem jovem cuja morte foi produzida por projéteis de arma de fogo.