bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An automated online instrument to quantify aerosol-bound reactive oxygen
species (ROS) for ambient measurement and health-relevant aerosol studies
Authors: Wragg Francis P. H. , Fuller Stephen J. , Freshwater Ray , Green David C. , Kelly Frank J. , Kalberer Markus
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The adverse health effects associated with ambient aerosol particles have been well documented, but it is still unclear which aerosol properties are most important for their negative health impact. Some studies suggest the oxidative effects of particle-bound reactive oxygen species (ROS) are potential major contributors to the toxicity of particles. Traditional ROS measurement techniques are labour-intensive, give poor temporal resolution and generally have significant delays between aerosol sampling and ROS analysis. However, many oxidising particle components are reactive and thus potentially short-lived. Thus, a technique to quantify particle-bound ROS online would be beneficial to quantify also the short-lived ROS components. We introduce a new portable instrument to allow online, continuous measurement of particle-bound ROS using a chemical assay of 2′7′-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) with horseradish peroxidase (HRP), via fluorescence spectroscopy. All components of the new instrument are attached to a containing shell, resulting in a compact system capable of automated continuous field deployment over many hours or days. From laboratory measurements, the instrument was found to have a detection limit of ∼  4 nmol [H2O2] equivalents per cubic metre (m3) air, a dynamic range up to at least ∼  2000 nmol [H2O2] equivalents per m3 air and a time resolution of ≤  12 min. The instrument allows for ∼  16 h automated measurement if unattended and shows a fast response to changes in concentrations of laboratory-generated oxidised organic aerosol. The instrument was deployed at an urban site in London, and particulate ROS levels of up to 24 nmol [H2O2] equivalents per m3 air were detected with PM2.5 concentrations up to 28 µg m−3. The new and portable Online Particle-bound ROS Instrument (OPROSI) allows fast-response quantification; this is important due to the potentially short-lived nature of particle-bound ROS as well as fast-changing atmospheric conditions, especially in urban environments. The instrument design allows for automated operation and extended field operation with twice-daily presence of an operator. As well as having sensitivity suitable for ambient level measurement, the instrument is also suitable at concentrations such as those required for laboratory and chamber toxicological studies.
Quantifying the uncertainty of eddy covariance fluxes due to the use of
different software packages and combinations of processing steps in two
contrasting ecosystems
Authors: Mammarella Ivan , Peltola Olli , Nordbo Annika , Järvi Leena , Rannik Üllar
Published: October 2016

Abstract. We have carried out an inter-comparison between EddyUH and EddyPro®, two public software packages for post-field processing of eddy covariance data. Datasets including carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour fluxes measured over 2 months at a wetland in southern Finland and carbon dioxide and water vapour fluxes measured over 3 months at an urban site in Helsinki were processed and analysed. The purpose was to estimate the flux uncertainty due to the use of different software packages and to evaluate the most critical processing steps, determining the largest deviations in the calculated fluxes. Turbulent fluxes calculated with a reference combination of processing steps were in good agreement, the systematic difference between the two software packages being up to 2.0 and 6.7 % for half-hour and cumulative sum values, respectively. The raw data preparation and processing steps were consistent between the software packages, and most of the deviations in the estimated fluxes were due to the flux corrections. Among the different calculation procedures analysed, the spectral correction had the biggest impact for closed-path latent heat fluxes, reaching a nocturnal median value of 15 % at the wetland site. We found up to a 43 % median value of deviation (with respect to the run with all corrections included) if the closed-path carbon dioxide flux is calculated without the dilution correction, while the methane fluxes were up to 10 % lower without both dilution and spectroscopic corrections. The Webb–Pearman–Leuning (WPL) and spectroscopic corrections were the most critical steps for open-path systems. However, we found also large spectral correction factors for the open-path methane fluxes, due to the sensor separation effect.
Seasonal changes in the D  /  H ratio of fatty acids of pelagic microorganisms
in the coastal North Sea
Authors: Heinzelmann Sandra Mariam , Bale Nicole Jane , Villanueva Laura , Sinke-Schoen Danielle , Philippart Catharina Johanna Maria , Sinninghe Damsté Jaap Smede , Schouten Stefan , van der Meer Marcel Teunis Jan
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Culture studies of microorganisms have shown that the hydrogen isotopic composition of fatty acids depends on their metabolism, but there are only few environmental studies available to confirm this observation. Here we studied the seasonal variability of the deuterium-to-hydrogen (D / H) ratio of fatty acids in the coastal Dutch North Sea and compared this with the diversity of the phyto- and bacterioplankton. Over the year, the stable hydrogen isotopic fractionation factor ε between fatty acids and water (εlipid/water) ranged between −172 and −237 ‰, the algal-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid nC20:5 generally being the most D-depleted (−177 to −235 ‰) and nC18:0 the least D-depleted fatty acid (−172 to −210 ‰). The in general highly D-depleted nC20:5 is in agreement with culture studies, which indicates that photoautotrophic microorganisms produce fatty acids which are significantly depleted in D relative to water. The εlipid/water of all fatty acids showed a transient shift towards increased fractionation during the spring phytoplankton bloom, indicated by increasing chlorophyll a concentrations and relative abundance of the nC20:5 polyunsaturated fatty acids, suggesting increased contributions of photoautotrophy. Time periods with decreased fractionation (less negative εlipid/water values) can potentially be explained by an increased contribution of heterotrophy to the fatty acid pool. Our results show that the hydrogen isotopic composition of fatty acids is a promising tool to assess the community metabolism of coastal plankton potentially in combination with the isotopic analysis of more specific biomarker lipids.
Impact of temperature and precipitation extremes on the flowering dates of four German wildlife shrub species
Authors: Siegmund Jonatan F. , Wiedermann Marc , Donges Jonathan F. , Donner Reik V.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Ongoing climate change is known to cause an increase in the frequency and amplitude of local temperature and precipitation extremes in many regions of the Earth. While gradual changes in the climatological conditions have already been shown to strongly influence plant flowering dates, the question arises if and how extremes specifically impact the timing of this important phenological phase. Studying this question calls for the application of statistical methods that are tailored to the specific properties of event time series. Here, we employ event coincidence analysis, a novel statistical tool that allows assessing whether or not two types of events exhibit similar sequences of occurrences in order to systematically quantify simultaneities between meteorological extremes and the timing of the flowering of four shrub species across Germany. Our study confirms previous findings of experimental studies by highlighting the impact of early spring temperatures on the flowering of the investigated plants. However, previous studies solely based on correlation analysis do not allow deriving explicit estimates of the strength of such interdependencies without further assumptions, a gap that is closed by our analysis. In addition to direct impacts of extremely warm and cold spring temperatures, our analysis reveals statistically significant indications of an influence of temperature extremes in the autumn preceding the flowering.
Efficiently modelling urban heat storage: an interface conduction scheme in the aTEB urban land surface model
Authors: Lipson Mathew J. , Hart Melissa A. , Thatcher Marcus
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Intercomparison studies of models simulating the partitioning of energy over urban land surfaces have shown the heat storage term is often poorly represented. In this study, two implicit discrete schemes representing heat conduction through urban materials are compared. We show that a well-established method of representing conduction systematically underestimates the magnitude of heat storage compared with exact solutions of one-dimensional heat transfer. We propose an alternative method of similar complexity that is better able to match exact solutions at typically employed resolutions. The proposed interface conduction scheme is implemented in an urban land surface model and its impact assessed over a 15-month observation period for a site in Melbourne, Australia, resulting in improved overall model performance for a variety material parameter choices and aerodynamic heat transfer parameterisations. The proposed scheme has the potential to benefit land surface models where computational constraints require a high level of discretisation in time and space, for example at neighbourhood/city scales, and where realistic material properties are preferred, for example in studies investigating impacts of urban planning changes.
Evaluation of JULES-crop performance against site observations of
irrigated maize from Mead, Nebraska
Authors: Williams Karina , Gornall Jemma , Harper Anna , Wiltshire Andy , Hemming Debbie , Quaife Tristan , Arkebauer Tim , Scoby David
Published: October 2016

Abstract. The JULES-crop model (Osborne et al., 2015) is a parameterisation of crops within the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), which aims to simulate both the impact of weather and climate on crop productivity and the impact of crop-lands on weather and climate. In this evaluation paper, observations of maize at three FLUXNET sites in Nebraska (US-Ne1, US-Ne2, US-Ne3) are used to test model assumptions and make appropriate input parameter choices. JULES runs are performed for the irrigated sites (US-Ne1 and US-Ne2) both with the crop model switched off (prescribing leaf area index (LAI) and canopy height) and with the crop model switched on. These are compared against GPP and carbon pool FLUXNET observations. We use the results to point to future priorities for model development and describe how our methodology can be adapted to set up model runs for other sites and crop varieties. The implications of our results on the choice of parameters and settings to be used in global runs of JULES-crop are also discussed.
Formulating and testing a method for perturbing precipitation time series to reflect anticipated climatic changes
Authors: Sørup Hjalte Jomo Danielsen , Georgiadis Stylianos , Gregersen Ida Bülow , Arnbjerg-Nielsen Karsten
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Urban water infrastructure has very long planning horizons and planning is thus very dependent on reliable estimates on the impacts of climate change. Many urban water systems are designed using time series with a high temporal resolution. To assess the impact of climate change on these systems similarly high resolution precipitation time series for future climate are necessary. Climate models cannot at their current resolutions provide these time series at the relevant scales. Known methods for stochastic downscaling of climate change to urban hydrological scales have known shortcomings in constructing realistic climate changed precipitation time series at the sub-hourly scale. In the present study we present a deterministic methodology to perturb historical precipitation time series at minute scale to reflect non-linear expectations to climate change. The methodology shows good skill in meeting the expectations to climate change of extremes at event scale when evaluated at different timescales from the minute to the daily scale. The methodology also shows good skill with respect to representing expected changes to seasonal precipitation. The methodology is very robust to the actual magnitude of the expected changes as well as the direction of the changes (increase/decrease) even for situations where the extremes are increasing for seasons that in general should have a decreasing trend in precipitation. The methodology can provide planners with valuable time series representing future climate that can be used as input to urban hydrological models and give better estimates of climate change impacts on these systems.
Weather radar rainfall data in urban hydrology
Authors: Thorndahl Søren , Einfalt Thomas , Willems Patrick , Nielsen Jesper Ellerbæk , ten Veldhuis Marie-Claire , Arnbjerg-Nielsen Karsten , Rasmussen Michael R. , Molnar Peter
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Application of weather radar data in urban hydrological applications has evolved significantly during the past decade as an alternative to traditional rainfall observations with rain gauges. Advances in radar hardware, data processing, numerical models, and emerging fields within urban hydrology, necessitate an updated review of the state of the art in radar rainfall for urban hydrological applications. Three key areas of research have been identified as especially important in application of radar data in urban hydrology, given their significant advances over the past decade: 1) Temporal and spatial resolution of rainfall data required for different hydrological applications, 2) Rainfall estimation, radar data adjustment and data quality, and 3) Nowcasting of radar rainfall and real-time applications. Based on these three fields of research, the paper provides recommendations based on an updated overview of shortcomings, gains, and novel developments in relation to urban hydrological applications. The paper reviews how the focus in urban hydrology as a field of research has shifted over the last decade to fields such as urban resilience to hydrological extremes, climate change impacts, and on-line warning/prediction systems. It is discussed how radar rainfall data can contribute to existing hydrological fields and add value to the aforementioned emerging fields in current and future applications.
MANAGING GEOLOGICAL PROFILES IN DATABASES FOR 3D VISUALISATION
Authors: Jarna A. , Grøtan B. O. , Henderson I. H. C. , Iversen S. , Khloussy E. , Nordahl B. , Rindstad B. I.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Geology and all geological structures are three-dimensional in space. GIS and databases are common tools used by geologists to interpret and communicate geological data. The NGU (Geological Survey of Norway) is the national institution for the study of bedrock, mineral resources, surficial deposits and groundwater and marine geology. 3D geology is usually described by geological profiles, or vertical sections through a map, where you can look at the rock structure below the surface. The goal is to gradually expand the usability of existing and new geological profiles to make them more available in the retail applications as well as build easier entry and registration of profiles. The project target is to develop the methodology for acquisition of data, modification and use of data and its further presentation on the web by creating a user-interface directly linked to NGU’s webpage. This will allow users to visualise profiles in a 3D model.
INDOOR MOBILE POSITIONING BASED ON LIDAR DATA AND CODED SEQUENCE PATTERN
Authors: Wang Z. , Dong B. , Chen D.
Published: October 2016

Abstract. This paper proposed a coded sequence pattern for automatic matching of LiDAR point data, the methods including SIFT features, Otsu segmentation and Fast Hough transformation for the identification, positioning and interpret of the coded sequence patterns, the POSIT model for fast computing the translation and rotation parameters of LiDAR point data, so as to achieve fast matching of LiDAR point data and automatic 3D mapping of indoor shafts and tunnels.
Challenges and trends in manufacturing measurement technology – the
“Industrie 4.0” concept
Authors: Imkamp Dietrich , Berthold Jürgen , Heizmann Michael , Kniel Karin , Manske Eberhard , Peterek Martin , Schmitt Robert , Seidler Jochen , Sommer Klaus-Dieter
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Strategic considerations and publications dealing with the future of industrial production are significantly influenced these days by the concept of “Industrie 4.0”. For this reason the field of measurement technology for industrial production must also tackle this concept when thinking about future trends and challenges in metrology. To this end, the Manufacturing Metrology Roadmap 2020 of the VDI/VDE Society for Measurement and Automatic Control (GMA) was published in 2011 (VDI/VDE-GMA, 2011; Imkamp et al., 2012). The content of this roadmap is reviewed and extended here, covering new developments in the field of the Industrie 4.0 concept and presented with expanded and updated content.
Assistência de enfermagem obstétrica baseada em boas práticas: do acolhimento ao parto
Authors: Vieira Maraysa Jéssyca de Oliveira , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos , Silva Jovânia Marques de Oliveira e , Sanches Maria Elisângela Torres de Lima
Published: October 2016

Objetivou-se avaliar a assistência do enfermeiro obstetra do acolhimento ao parto, baseando-se nas boas práticas obstétricas. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo e documental, de abordagem quantitativa por meio da análise de 500 prontuários. A pesquisa identificou que houve a realização da episiotomia em 12,2%, amniotomia em 13%, o uso de ocitocina em 42,8%, os métodos não farmacológicos para alívio da dor foram aplicados em 75,4% e o contato pele a pele foi estimulado em 91,6%. Verificou-se que o uso das boas práticas obstétricas recomendadas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde foram utilizadas pelo enfermeiro obstetra na assistência do acolhimento ao parto na sua maioria e está próxima do preconizado pelas evidências científicas.
The Effect of Transmission Constraints on Electricity Prices
Authors: Clements Adam E. , Stan Hurn A. , Li Zili
Published: October 2016

Electricity prices in an interconnected market are influenced by the occurrence of transmission constraints. Until relatively recently, however, the important effects of transmission constraints on both the trajectory and volatility of electricity prices have not played a large role in empirical models of prices. This paper explores the contribution to price volatility in the Queensland electricity market made by transmission constraints. It is found that robust estimation techniques are necessary to guard against incorrect inference in time series models using electricity price data in which severe price spikes occur. The main empirical lesson is that transmission constraints contribute significantly both to the level and variability of price and consequently the performance of a price forecasting model is likely to be improved by incorporating information on transmission constraints. While the general tenor of this conclusion will come as no surprise, the extent and the importance of these effects found in this paper for forecasting price and for computing summary measures like Value-at-Risk serve as a timely reminder to practitioners.
Some correlates of marriage among the population of the central part of Kosovo and Metohija
Authors: Minić Jelena , Jaredić Biljana , Kolić Suzana
Published: October 2016

The subject of the study was to examine the quality of a marriage correlates in population in Kosovo and Metohija. The main goal of the research was to examine the relationship of marriage quality with: marital locus of control, social support, length of marriage, age, material status and educational level of the respondents. The sample was consisted of respondents of both sexes (N = 200) with a permanent residence in the central part of Kosovo and Metohija. The study used: scale of adaptation in marriage, scale of marital locus control, evaluation list of interpersonal support and the questionnaire of the elementary data of the respondents. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and by t-test. The results showed that the quality of marriage and individual dimensions are: satisfaction of marriage, cohesion, couple's harmony and expressing emotions are closer to theoretical maximum. Marital locus of control is low in regard to the theoretical maximum, while the external marital locus of control is average value. Social support expressed in general, as well as individually by the perception of availability, (ie. The type of perceived social support: evaluation as (informative) support, touchable (concrete) support, self-esteem and belonging to support to support) is closer to the theoretical maximum. There is negative correlation between internal locus of control with the quality of marriage in general and in dimensions (marriage satisfaction, cohesion and couple's harmony). Then negative correlation of internal locus of control with age and years spent in marriage and positive correlation of internal locus of control with material status and self-esteem as a type of perceived social support. There was not obtained statistically significant correlation quality of marriage with external marital locus of control. There were not obtained statistically significant correlation of age, years spent in marriage, material status and educational level of respondents with social support in general and by type observed social support. By these studies the different results were obtained than supposed ones, which indicate to certain specifics of a sample, but also selection of respondent that could affect the results. The obtained results showed that the study of this issue should continue, with the involvement of a larger number of respondents and other variables, which are supposed that are associated with the quality of marriage, but not covered by this study. It is particularly important to continue the research correlates of the quality of marriage, spouses and families in whole on the sample in Kosovo and Metohija, because it is the sample and the issue that almost were not researched in this area.
Self-efficacy, self-silencing and coping with stress for teachers from the city of Pirot
Authors: Stanković-Đorđević Mirjana , Nedeljković Jasmina
Published: October 2016

The starting point for this paper is Lazarus and Folkman's (1984, 2004) transactional approach to coping with stress and it analyses the relations between self-efficacy, self-silencing and stress coping strategies among educators who are involved in children's education and upbringing on various levels, from pre-school to secondary school teachers. The research included 185 educators from the city of Pirot who answered the following questionnaires: General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE, Schwarzer and al, 1997), Silencing the Self Scale (Jack and Dill, 1992), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations Scale (CISS, Endler and Parker, 1990). The basic assumption was that there was a statistically relevant correlation between the levels of self-efficacy and self-silencing and the strategies for coping with stress. A statistically relevant positive correlation between a high level of self-efficacy and problem-focused coping strategy was confirmed among the educators who took part in the research (r=0,373, p<0,01), as well as the correlation between a high level of general self-silencing and coping focused on emotions and avoidance (r=0,614, p<0,01 i r=0,293, p<0,01). When it comes to differences in the levels of self-efficacy, self-silencing and stress coping strategies between educators regarding the level of education they are involved in, a subsample of lower-grade elementary school teachers stands out. Self-silencing is, as a whole (but not statistically relevant) and particularly the subscale of externalized self-silencing more evident in lower-grade elementary school teachers (F=0,019, p<0,05), as well as emotion-focused coping (F=0,023; p<0,05). The results of the research imply the need to explore resources that would contribute to the encouragement of constructive coping strategies and the preservation and improvement of the mental health of educators, lower-grade elementary school teachers in particular, in the environment and conditions that are not presently very favourable to them.
The role of creativity and innovation in contemporary education
Authors: Milićević Nebojša , Pejić Biljana , Komlenić Miroslav
Published: October 2016

In this paper, there is the review of some of the most important admissions in the field of creativity and innovation in the context of development of contemporary education. Although it is very complex field, there is the tendency to see it as a major driving force of economic and social progress. The creativity is seen, at the same time, as the process and the product, and also as individual and general capability. The different approaches are not exclusive. That is the reason why the contemporary education can be approached from different aspects. On the other hand, the legal and other acts that have planned the development of creativity and innovation in education and the status in the practice, are analyzed critically. There is, also, taken in examination, the relationship of educational plans toward creativity and innovation in the sense of balance between : a) different fields b) different levels of education c)respect for the certain rules and free will d)individual interests and potentials of students. All the previous aspects are illustrated by the earlier research. Even though, there are positive results, the contemporary curriculum allow little space for the activities that could stimulate creative potential. It is necessary to plan the more creative forms of teaching in defining the various forms of education. The education and stimulation of teachers to apply innovative ways of teaching and new technologies could improve the process of studding and the advancement of the quality of teaching.
Civilizational and ethical aspects of environmental safety
Authors: Marković Danilo
Published: October 2016

These considerations of civilizational and ethical aspects of environmental safety start by a reference to the conceptual determination of this safety, and its foundation on a conception of the Planet Earth as a political and geological space, originating in the development of life forms. In this sense, the author understands the structures of the Earth's ecosystem, its unity, and the disruption of this unity with consequences for its survival and the survival of the human civilization itself. In the context of this approach, the author points to the need to preserve the environmental safety from the standpoint of equality and justice, stressing that justice is a legal category, especially when it is associated with the laws of nature, laws which are also associated with man as a natural being.
The construction of a new image of bodiness: The subculture of the third-age
Authors: Bacanova Sofija
Published: October 2016

This article contains an analysis of the place of bodiness in the system of the third-age subculture. The author investigates the main components of the third-age subculture, her features and causes of her emergence. The problem of constructing of bodiness has been considered in terms of demand for certain types of bodiness in contemporary culture. The author especially stopped the attention on the new phenomenon of nakedness in aesthetics of contemporary oldness.
Constantine Calafateanu, the greatest artist of Romanian modern art
Authors: Marković Kamenko
Published: October 2016

Constantine Calafateanu (1911-1978) is one of the most important Romanian painters of the twentieth century. He studied French literature at the Sorbonne, but he also regularly visited two painting studios: La Grande Chaumiere and Julien Academy. On returning to Romania he did some teaching work, therefore, he started exhibiting relatively late in life. His first solo exhibition took place in 1965. The creation of this painter highlights two phases: the first one lasted until 1965 and the second one lasted from 1968 to the end of the painter's life. Calafateanu mostly painted landscapes (fall and winter), flowers, still life, and nudes.
Urban development of Užice from the XV to the XVII century
Authors: Kuzović Duško
Published: October 2016

The town of Užice had reached its highest progress in the period between the 14th and 17th centuries. Together with Belgrade and Sarajevo it became one of the three most important cities in the west Balkans. Turkish censuses testify about population trends in the colony, during the 15th and 16th century. In early 16th century, Užice was divided into a Muslim and a Christian part. In 1472. the town had 64 households organized in two mahalas. In 1567, Užice had grown to 634 households in 17 mahalas. The travelling notes of Haji Khalfa and Evliya Celebi mention Užice from the 17th century. Celebi noted that the town possesses 4800 houses, 1440 shops, 11 hans, 100 mills and 11 schools. Between 15th and 17th century town formed all the features of oriental settlement: irregular streets, functional division on residential mahalas and businnes center, mahalas organized around religious sites, and basic neighboorhood unit - mahala rather then street - organic form of transport network. In brief - a settlement that fully fits the cultural pattern of Muslims, not Christians. This work explores mentioned town from available lists.
Collocations and collocation types in ESP textbooks: Quantitative pedagogical analysis
Authors: Bogdanović Vesna , Mirović Ivana
Published: October 2016

The term collocation, even though it is rather common in the English language grammar, it is not a well known or commonly used term in the textbooks and scientific papers written in the Serbian language. Collocating is usually defined as a natural appearance of two (or more) words, which are usually one next to another even though they can be separated in the text, while collocations are defined as words with natural semantic and/or syntactic relations being joined together in a sentence. Collocations are naturally used in all English written texts, including scientific texts and papers. Using two textbooks for English for Specific Purposes (ESP) for intermediate students' courses, this paper presents the frequency of collocations and their typology. The paper tries to investigate the relationship between lexical and grammatical collocations written in the ESP texts and the reasons for their presence. There is an overview of the most used subtypes of lexical collocations as well. Furthermore, on applying the basic corpus analysis based on the quantitative analysis, the paper presents the number of open, restricted and bound collocations in ESP texts, trying to draw conclusions on their frequency and hence the modes for their learning. There is also a section related to the number and usage of scientific collocations, both common scientific and narrow-professional ones. The conclusion is that the number of present collocations in the selected two textbooks imposes a demand for further analysis of these lexical connections, as well as new modes for their teaching and presentations to the English learning students.
Eulogy in the structure of Hieromonk Domentijan's hagiographies
Authors: Kostić-Tmušić Aleksandra
Published: October 2016

In Old Serbian Literature three types of genres can be distinguished: prose, poetry and transitional genres. Eulogy belongs to the transitional genres; in its structure both prose and poetic elements are contained. As a literary genre, eulogy is well developed in literary creations of almost all medieval writers. In this study, eulogies in hagiographies written by Hieromonk Domentijan are presented. In both of his works, Hagiography of Saint Sava and Hagiography of Saint Simeon, Domentijan brought eulogy in and developed it very well. The main goal of this paper is to present how and in which way, to what extent, eulogy, as a subgenre, is woven in the structure of a greater literary prose text. In the addition of the primary objective, the task is to analyze and interpret identified eulogies, in order to present its function in work of Hieromonk Domentijan in best manner.
Petrarch: The first modern poet
Authors: Kostić Tatjana
Published: October 2016

Francesco Petrarch is the father of the Italian literature and was on the forefront of the humanists who influenced the formation of a new age culture. He lived in the time of mixing discourse: a Christian religion and Humanistic philosophy. He wrote in Italian and Latin. He reached affirmation with Canzoniere, collection written in a common folk language. Without Petrarch's work in Latin, it's impossible to perceive neither Canzoniere, nor the spirit of the time which reflects the poetry of Petrarch. Canzoniere doesn't narrate only about love for Laura, but expresses a complex, far-reaching message that collects ideological and moral crisis of the new century which makes Petrarch the first modern poet. Popularity of Petrarch's poetry spread throughout Europe and created a phenomenon called Petrarchism. Afterwards, Petrarch's influence is evident in the Romantic and Modern literature (Modern and Postmodern). Petrarch was the first modern poet, because he opened the subject of the relationship between a man and God. Petrarch's poetry is not only individual experience of the poet, but the universal experience of the New Age man who is experiencing existential problems and therefore Canzoniere excites the human spirit even today. Petrarch presented the intimate lyrical experience of a man searching for meaning, a man only aware of his finality. This became a constant that characterizes modern literature in various periods of literary history.
Selective Inhibition of ADAM17 Efficiently Mediates Glycoprotein Ibα Retention During Ex Vivo Generation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Platelets
Authors: Hirata Shinji , Murata Takahiko , Suzuki Daisuke , Nakamura Sou , Jono-Ohnishi Ryoko , Hirose Hidenori , Sawaguchi Akira , Nishimura Satoshi , Sugimoto Naoshi , Eto Koji
Published: October 2016

Donor-independent platelet concentrates for transfusion can be produced in vitro from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). However, culture at 37°C induces ectodomain shedding on platelets of glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα), the von Willebrand factor receptor critical for adhesive function and platelet lifetime in vivo, through temperature-dependent activation of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17). The shedding can be suppressed by using inhibitors of panmetalloproteinases and possibly of the upstream regulator p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), but residues of these inhibitors in the final platelet products may be accompanied by harmful risks that prevent clinical application. Here, we optimized the culture conditions for generating human iPSC-derived GPIbα+ platelets, focusing on culture temperature and additives, by comparing a new and safe selective ADAM17 inhibitor, KP-457, with previous inhibitors. Because cultivation at 24°C (at which conventional platelet concentrates are stored) markedly diminished the yield of platelets with high expression of platelet receptors, 37°C was requisite for normal platelet production from iPSCs. KP-457 blocked GPIbα shedding from iPSC platelets at a lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration than panmetalloproteinase inhibitor GM-6001, whereas p38 MAPK inhibitors did not. iPSC platelets generated in the presence of KP-457 exhibited improved GPIbα-dependent aggregation not inferior to human fresh platelets. A thrombus formation model using immunodeficient mice after platelet transfusion revealed that iPSC platelets generated with KP-457 exerted better hemostatic function in vivo. Our findings suggest that KP-457, unlike GM-6001 or p38 MAPK inhibitors, effectively enhances the production of functional human iPSC-derived platelets at 37°C, which is an important step toward their clinical application.
Administration of Adult Human Bone Marrow-Derived, Cultured, Pooled, Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Critical Limb Ischemia Due to Buerger's Disease: Phase II Study Report Suggests Clinical Efficacy
Authors: Gupta Pawan K. , Krishna Murali , Chullikana Anoop , Desai Sanjay , Murugesan Rajkumar , Dutta Santanu , Sarkar Uday , Raju Radhakrishnan , Dhar Anita , Parakh Rajiv , Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan , Viswanathan Pachaiyappan , Vellotare Prasanth Kulapurathu , Seetharam Raviraja N. , Thej Charan , Rengasamy Mathiyazhagan , Balasubramanian Sudha , Majumdar Anish S.
Published: October 2016

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) due to Buerger's disease is a major unmet medical need with a high incidence of morbidity. This phase II, prospective, nonrandomized, open-label, multicentric, dose-ranging study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of i.m. injection of adult human bone marrow-derived, cultured, pooled, allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSC) in CLI due to Buerger's disease. Patients were allocated to three groups: 1 and 2 million cells/kg body weight (36 patients each) and standard of care (SOC) (18 patients). BMMSCs were administered as 40–60 injections in the calf muscle and locally, around the ulcer. Most patients were young (age range, 38–42 years) and ex-smokers, and all patients had at least one ulcer. Both the primary endpoints—reduction in rest pain (0.3 units per month [SE, 0.13]) and healing of ulcers (11% decrease in size per month [SE, 0.05])—were significantly better in the group receiving 2 million cells/kg body weight than in the SOC arm. Improvement in secondary endpoints, such as ankle brachial pressure index (0.03 [SE, 0.01] unit increase per month) and total walking distance (1.03 [SE, 0.02] times higher per month), were also significant in the group receiving 2 million cells/kg as compared with the SOC arm. Adverse events reported were remotely related or unrelated to BMMSCs. In conclusion, i.m. administration of BMMSC at a dose of 2 million cells/kg showed clinical benefit and may be the best regimen in patients with CLI due to Buerger's disease. However, further randomized controlled trials are required to confirm the most appropriate dose.
Introducció. Emancipació, autogestió i canvi —o com es pot retornar la sobirania al poble
Authors: Pros Tàrrega Aniol
Published: October 2016

Introducció a la secció monogràfica Àgora per part del seu coordinador en aquest número, l'historiador Aniol Pros.
Solar Corona. Espacio ciudadano en el barrio del Carmen, Valencia
Authors: Marín García Teresa , Salom Marco Enrique
Published: October 2016

Entrevista realizada por Teresa Marín García y Enrique Salom Marco (Petit Comité de Resistencia Audiovisual) a dos miem- bros de la asamblea del Solar Corona, un espacio autogestio- nado recuperado por la ciudadanía. Extracto que forma parte del proyecto en proceso Cultura Colectiva de la Comunidad Valenciana (CCCv).
A proposito di emancipare: “Se gli adulti non ascoltano i bambini vanno incontro a guai grossi” La città dei bambini: una nuova filosofia di governo delle città
Authors: Tonucci Francesco
Published: October 2016

Emancipare significa rendere liberi, concedere autonomia. Nella città moderna, che si è sviluppata a misura dei cittadini adulti e delle loro automobili, i bambini hanno perso la possibilità di muoversi autonomamente e non vengono riconosciuti come cittadini, ma solo come futuri cittadini, bisognosi di cura e di protezione. Di fronte alle inadempienze degli adulti e ai “guai” che stanno producendo nel mondo contemporaneo, il progetto “La città delle bambine e dei bambini” propone una reale emancipazione infantile chiamando i bambini a partecipare al governo delle città e restituendo loro la possibilità di muoversi autonomamente negli spazi pubblici della città. Il progetto intende dare piena attuazione alla Convenzione dei diritti dell’Infanzia, approvata dalle Nazioni Unite nel 1989 e finora poco conosciuta e sostanzialmente inattuata. A conclusione del contributo si riferiscono alcuni esempi di come concrete proposte infantili possano modificare sostanzialmente la politica delle nostre città.
Mujeres haciendo ciudades: aprendiendo del pasado
Authors: Muxí Martínez Zaida
Published: October 2016

Se plantea revisar la presencia de las mujeres en la construcción física y simbólica de las ciudades. El texto desvela la presencia activa de las mujeres en las ciudades que ha sido invisibilizada.  En esta revisión se detectan factores comunes que podríamos denominar propios de las aportaciones de mujeres. Se trata de reconstruir la historia para aprender de las experiencias borradas.
L’aposta municipalista: el potencial transformador del món local
Authors: Ubasart Gonzàlez Gemma
Published: October 2016

El món local ha estat trandicionalment un espai privilegiat per l’experimentació i la transformació a Catalunya. En un moment com l’actual, inmersos en una forta crisi econòmica, política i nacional, interessa tenir en compte el paper que pot jugar aquesta esfera de vida política i governamental. Al llarg de l’article es fa un recorregut històric per la porosa frontera entre moviments socials i partits polítics, aprofundint en el cas concret del municipalisme de moviment en el canvi de mileni i el llegat que ha deixat aquesta experiència. Posteriorment s’entra en el debat sobre la política de la hibridació entre vells i nous actors, així com també, subjectes polítics i socials, apuntant possibles futures apostes de transformació en el món local.
Conversaciones con Omar Rincón
Authors: Kult-ur Kult-ur
Published: October 2016

Joan Traver (kult-ur) y Enrique Salom (kult-ur) conversan con el pensador Omar Rincón sobre nuestro tiempo.
Materialidad y simbolización: Baldosas por la Memoria, una marca territorial en el espacio urbano cotidiano
Authors: Bettanin Cristina Ines , Schenquer Laura
Published: October 2016

El presente trabajo analiza la iniciativa “Baldosas por la Memoria”, una propuesta artística-política de marcación del espacio urbano realizada en la ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina). La idea nació de un grupo de ciudadanos que se propuso averiguar las identidades de sus vecinos detenidos-desaparecidos por la última dictadura militar y para recordarlos, estamparon sus nombres en baldosas que ubicaron en las veredas de sus barrios. Rápidamente la iniciativa fue imitada y se extendió en otras ciudades del país.Partimos de las particularidades de esta experiencia, espontánea y popular, para determinar sus continuidades y diferencias con respecto a las tradicionales conmemoraciones de las víctimas del terrorismo de Estado. Luego, estudiamos a estas marcas territoriales en comparación a experiencias similares en otros países en los que también el pasado traumático se materializa en las calles para interpelar a los transeúntes en sus recorridos cotidianos. Finalmente, analizamos los sentidos que “transmiten” las Baldosas y la capacidad de sus receptores de reconocerlos y resignificarlos en el marco de un proceso complejo que escapa del control de los autores de estas marcas.
Comunicación educativa y cultura política en el Movimiento 15-M. Aproximación teórica y reflexiones preliminares en torno a un estudio etnográfico.
Authors: Barbas Coslado Ángel
Published: October 2016

En este artículo, presentamos algunos aspectos de la investigación etnográfica que hemos realizado sobre la dimensión pedagógica-política que subyace en los entornos y en los procesos de comunicación del Movimiento 15-M. Concretamente, abordamos los fundamentos teóricos de nuestro estudio a partir de los conceptos de ‘comunicación educativa’ y ‘cultura política’, y reflexionamos sobre el carácter pedagógico-político implícito tanto en las prácticas asamblearias como en los proyectos de comunicación que el Movimiento 15-M ha desarrollado desde su aparición.
Deviant politics: hip hop as a form of resistance against hyper-criminalization and structural violence
Authors: Ornelas Márquez Selene Inés
Published: October 2016

El propósito de esta investigación es examinar cómo la música hip hop proporciona un lugar para lo que Ríos (2011) llama «Deviant Polítics» donde los jóvenes adoptan una imagen ruda que está asociada con la híper-masculinidad como una respuesta a la exclusión de la sociedad debido a su raza/etnia y su estatus socioeconómico. El concepto de «Deviant Politics» se utilizará para examinar cómo el papel de la música hip hop en Juárez da forma a la resistencia contra la híper-criminalización para recuperarse de la violencia estructural. Se abordarán dos objetivos:1. Trato de examinar la hípercriminalización de los MC en Juárez, examinando el contexto estructural en la que viven atribuido a su condición de hombres, de jóvenes, y de bajos recursos.2. Voy a ilustrar cómo el hip hop es una forma de resistencia, o lo que Ríos (2011) llama «Deviant Politics», que se utiliza para combatir el estigma y la falta de oportunidades en la educación y buenos empleos.Este estudio consta de 16 entrevistas con jóvenes juarenses. He utilizado el análisis de contenido para interpretar cuatro letras de canciones de MC de Juárez.
Del boom museístico a los laboratorios del procomún: un recorrido por la crítica a la institución en el caso español
Authors: Álvarez Guillén Marta
Published: October 2016

Desde los años ochenta se ha desarrollado en España una crítica a la institución desde la propia institución museística que se repiensa y desde los movimientos sociales. La relación entre ambos elementos en un contexto en el que los museos se han concebido como contenedores vacíos ha sido convulsa, si bien ha habido colaboraciones ejemplares como en el caso paradigmático de Las Agencias. Hoy estamos en un escenario de acercamiento con nuevas instituciones pensadas como laboratorios de creación basadas en el crecimiento colectivo del procomún, gracias en parte a la ocupación de las instituciones por activistas y trabajadores de “lo cultural”. Se dibujan así nuevas bases para las políticas culturales nacionales que deben ser analizadas y estudiadas.
Tácticas artivistas frente a la violencia en Ciudad Juárez
Authors: Mínguez García Hortensia , Zamarripa Nungaray Judith
Published: October 2016

Desde principios de siglo, en Ciudad Juárez, ciudad mexicana fronteriza colindante a El Paso (Texas), han surgido una serie de manifestaciones artísticas de diversa índole, colectivas e individuales, que guardan como similitud, ofrecer una contundente postura de oposición y crítica frente a las múltiples situaciones de violencia e impunidad por las que ha venido atravesando la ciudad. En atención a la continua desaparición y muerte de personas ad hoc con la problemática del narcotráfico o los feminicidios, consideramos que estas prácticas artísticas de resistencia a la par que, testimonios de este contexto en particular, evidencian la voluntad de una sociedad artística por reconstruir el tejido social. En ese sentido, el presente texto se estructura a partir de la descripción de dos artistas de la localidad: Cesario Tarín y el artista urbano Mac y, por ende, dos formas de trabajo que evidencian cómo los procesos creativos desde el prisma del artivista juarense, incorporan medularmente la colaboración y/o cooperación de la sociedad en pro de la recuperación de la memoria de personas desaparecidas. Cesario Tarín desde la creación de tácticas performáticas, y el artista urbano “Mac” con el muralismo.