bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived Barriers to Clinical Trials Participation: A Survey of Pediatric Caregivers
Authors: Sollo Natalie , Ahlers-Schmidt Carolyn , Davis Ann , Smith Timothy , Dedeaux Julian , McCulloh Russel
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Pediatric clinical trials are difficult to conduct, leading to off-label use of medication in children based on results of trials with adults. As a unique population, children deserve to have appropriately tested therapies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pediatric caregivers’ beliefs and perceived barriers to participation in clinical trials.
Methods. The study was completed within the Sunflower Pediatric Clinical Trials Research Extension (SPeCTRE), an affiliate of the IDeA States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network (ISPCTN). This was a cross-sectional survey, adapted from the Pediatric Research Participation Questionnaire. A convenience sample of pediatric caregivers was recruited in three areas of a highly rural Midwestern state between 2017 and 2018.
Results.  A total of 159 caregivers completed surveys; the majority (72.3%) were previously familiar with clinical trials, but <20% had ever been invited to participate. Caregivers were willing to consider enrolling their child if a physician in whom they had high trust recommended the trials (H=10.1, p=0.04) and if there were perceived benefits, such as access to tests and medications not covered by insurance (correlation coefficient [CC]=0.4, p<0.01) and compensation for time and travel (CC=0.3, p=0.04).
Conclusions. Trust in their physician highly influences likelihood of a caregiver consenting to have their child participate in a clinical trial. Therefore, to facilitate opportunities for children to participate in clinical trials, physicians need to be trained so they can offer trials locally. In addition, trials need to offer benefits, such as increased access to tests and medications as well as appropriate compensation.
Associations of non-HDL-C and triglyceride/HDL-C ratio with coronary plaque burden and plaque characteristics in young adults
Authors: Akin Fatih , Altun İbrahim , Ayca Burak , Kose Nuri , Altun İlknur
Published: May 2022

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is uncommon in young adult patients. However, these patients have different risk factor profiles and high-risk coronary plaques are more common. The aim of this study was to examine the relations between the coronary plaque burden, plaque composition, serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C) levels, and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio in young adults. We analyzed a total of 551 patients under age 45 who had undergone coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Coronary plaque characteristics were analyzed using CCTA. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to assess the predictors of non-calcified plaque (NCB) and calcified plaque (CB) burdens. Serum non–HDL-C levels and TG/HDL-C ratio were higher in the coronary atherosclerosis patient group. Serum non–HDL-C levels and the TG/HDL-C ratio were higher in the obstructive CAD patient group. The plaque burden was positively correlated with non-HDL-C (r = 0.30; p < 0.001), and TG/HDL-C ratio (r = 0.18; p < 0.001).  NCB was positively correlated with age, gender, smoking status, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum triglycerides, hbA1c, non–HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C ratio. Non–HDL-C (β coefficient = 0.13; p = 0.023) and TG/HDL-C ratio (β = 0.10;  p = 0.042) were independent predictors of NCB. Serum non–HDL-C levels and TG/HDL-C were significantly associated with the presence and burden of coronary plaques. Serum non–HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios were independently associated with NCB, suggesting their use as easy-to-compute markers for identifying high-risk groups in young adults.
Кадры для цифровой трансформации высшего образования: сотрудники ИКТподразделений
Authors: Волкова Галина , Демьянова Анна , Шматко Наталья
Published: May 2022

Бюллетень посвящен оценке кадрового потенциала подразделений, ответственных за цифровизацию образования и формирование цифровой среды вузов. Исследование включает анализ текущего состояния кадрового обеспечения, а также ожиданий руководителей ИКТ-блоков относительно их будущего кадрового развития. В качестве основного источника данных использованы результаты проекта «Мониторинг экономики образования» за 2020/2021 учебный год.
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Scientific capital in the context of gender
Authors: Burtovaya Jliya V.
Published: May 2022

This article reveals the impact of the gender image of school science disciplines on career choices by young people. The article is aimed at analysing the gender stereotype of school science among female and male students and the influence of gender science stereotypes on the career aspirations of young people.
Methodological problems in the development of philosophy in the digital age
Authors: Sorochaykin Ivan A.
Published: May 2022

The work is dedicated to understanding methodological problems of philosophy development in modern socio-economic conditions considering the factor of digital philosophy and homo digital formation. At each stage of human and social development, the set of methodological concepts of the cognition philosophy has been modified in the view of the environment, created by the predecessors, and the influence on its content not only of philosophy but also of the social culture. Only a general concept of the cognition philosophy in synthesis with the integral parts of traditional gnoseological theory and modern epistemological developments can develop a methodological basis for a societys effective exploitation of the digital age achievements.
The network approach as a methodology for the study of social conflicts and risks of modern civilization
Authors: Bankovskaya Yulia L.
Published: May 2022

The paper deals with the essence of the network approach. It is investigated specific of its application in situation of conflicts and risks of modern society. Network methodology is focused on clarifying horizontal, multifunctional, multi-channel relationships between actors. Conflicts are a factor of social risk that negatively effects on the functioning of social system. The study of their essence is a necessary condition for settlement of contradictions.
Technology of digital ecosystems
Authors: Loiko Alexander I.
Published: May 2022

The phenomenon of technology is considered in the context of its presence in natural and artificial ecosystems. Accordingly, the features of the evolution of technology under the influence of the co-evolutionary model of human life, developed under the impression of the growing risks of destruction of the dynamic balance of the biosphere, are revealed. It also describes the features of the evolution of technology in artificial ecosystems based on convergent technologies. The possibilities of pairing the priorities of minimizing the anthropogenic pressure of the technosphere on the biosphere with smart technologies are analyzed.
PRODUCT INNOVATION AS A FACTOR OF INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Derkach O. , Tsygankova N. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: May 2022

The relevance of the article lies in the constant need to create innovative resources to increase the competitiveness of the enterprise. The article considers product innovation as an important element of the company’s information technology development. The article analyzes the approaches to the definition of “product innovation” and presents its interpretation. The peculiarities of the development of the IT sphere in the national and foreign markets in recent years are studied, as well as forecast data on the growth of the IT products market in the world for the next 5 years. The role of product innovations in the IT-sphere as a factor in increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise is substantiated. An online resource has been identified as an innovative product for partnering with the consumer electronics market. The efficiency of the pilot project implementation was tested, the advantages of using innovative technologies to reduce costs, the profitability of a remote online resource were identified. Interim results of the project are provided, in particular, an online application from Philip Morris should help train the staff of partner companies and reduce the number of physical visits to point of sales. This project can be used to achieve goals in working with partner companies, as well as its positive impact on the company’s leadership position in the market. The issue of indirect motivation as a way to encourage staff is considered. The transformation of an online resource into an innovative IT product that will allow the company to increase revenues has been identified. The modern view of the problem from the inside and the administration of an interesting real IT product in the pilot project are generalized. The practical value of this work is to identify a mechanism that improves the ability of staff of partner companies to provide quality customer service at points of sale and remotely increase sales.
ARTISTIC DISPLAYS OF HISTORICAL FIGURES IN «HAYDAMAKY» OF T. SHEVCHENKO AND IN THE ROMANS OF K. POLISHCHUK
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kovalchuk T. O.
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes the image of historical figures in the novels of Klim Polishchuk and the poem «Haydamaky» by Taras Shevchenko. The analysis of works and their comparison with historical studies of the depicted period shows that historical facts in these works far from always correspond to historical reality. Klim Polishchuk, like Taras Shevchenko, sometimes departed from historical facts for greater imagery. However, it is clear that without sufficient knowledge of historical reality, it is impossible to create such works. So the difference between the historical truth and the depictions in the works is absolutely conscious and serves the purpose of the writers. Trying to depict bulky, interesting characters, writers often deviate from the historical truth. Taras Shevchenko uses poetic illustrations, which encourage the reader not to consider the historical process as a collection of dry facts, and emotionally empathize. The novels of Klim Polischuk can not be called historic in the full sense of the word, since they were written by a contemporary of those stormy events, and some of the probable at that time facts were later refuted by historians. The system of images of Klim Polischuk is based on a combination of real historical figures and characters created by the artist's artistic imagination. The task of the poet Taras Shevchenko did not see that to recreate events and to portray outstanding historical figures as accurately as possible, but to be able to express their own thoughts about a particular historical event with the help of a poetic word.
IDEA-AESTHETIC COUPLE OF POETRY TARASA SHEVCHENKO AND PAUL HRABOVSKY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Gaevska Gaevska , Gaevska O. V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: May 2022

The fates of the two artists T. Shevchenko and P. Grabovsky have much in common both in biographical data and in their creativity. That is why we can speak about a certain congruence of the poems of P. Grabovsky and T. Shevchenko. Researchers of P. Grabovsky's creativity have repeatedly emphasized this (M. Sirotyuk, M. Sivachenko, O. Kiselev, I. Franko, etc.). It is interesting to trace the commonality of themes, problems and images in P. Grabowski's early poems. In his time, OsipMacovey, analyzing the poet's first collection, The Snowdrop, wrote: “These poetry… A whole school of feelings from the highest animation to extreme pessimism. These psychic motives are composed in different ways in the song and once they hum like funeral bells, and once lively marches to the march” [Makovej O., P. 230]. Significant place in the mentioned collection, as well as in all the creative works of P. Grabowski, as already mentioned, is given to the depiction of the difficult slave life of the worker. The reader is most impressed by the works in which the poet depicts concrete, as if drawn from life images and paintings. These are the poetry «Worker», «Seamstress», «Worker», «From Life», «To Mother». In T. Shevchenko’s poems, the same motives of pain and sympathy for the underprivileged and oppressed sound. Particularly, the fate of the woman has always worried P. Grabovsky and T. Shevchenko, and therefore the image of a female worker holds a significant place in their work. Why? Here it is necessary to emphasize the position of man in society in those days. These were the years of cruel and ruthless oppression of the people, and a woman like no one was humiliated and humiliated.
Plasma Welding of Thermo-Mechanically Processed Steel
Authors: Pfeifer Tomasz
Published: May 2022

The article presents the course and results of tests involving the technological plasma welding of 3 mm thick butt joints made of steel S700MC using the melt-in welding technique and the key-hole welding technique. The technological tests made it possible to determine parameters enabling the obtainment of joints representing quality level B in accordance with the PN-EN ISO 5817:2014 standard. The tests discussed in the article included tensile tests, bend tests, hardness tests as well as macro and microscopic metallographic tests involving the use of light microscopy. The test results were subjected to detailed analysis performed to identify the effect of high arc energy used in plasma welding on the structure and properties of the test joints. The test results revealed that the melt-in welding technique (characteristic of the TIG method) did not ensure the obtainment of minimum tensile strength.
Microstructural Tests and Hardness Tests of Surface Layers of Nodular Cast Iron GJS-350 Made Using the Laser Surface Alloying Process
Authors: Sacha Denis
Published: May 2022

The article presents test results concerning the microstructure and the hardness of a composite layer made on a substrate of nodular cast iron GJS-350 using the laser surface alloying method. The alloying agent used in the test was powdered titanium. The study consists of an overview of reference publications aimed to introduce the most important aspects concerning the issue subjected to analysis. The research part presents the methodology of tests as well as their results and analysis. Microscopic analysis revealed that the layer structure was fine-grained and highly homogenous, whereas hardness measurements revealed that the titanium-enriched layer was characterised by significantly higher micro-hardness than that of the base material.
Transformation of Expert Activities in the Age of Digitalization
Authors: Podvolotski I. N.
Published: May 2022

Digitalization of forensic science is primarily associated with ensuring the reliability of digital information as evidence. And here it is important to pay attention to the creation of regulatory rules for using methods of obtaining, research and use of electronic evidential information and its inviolability throughout court proceedings.
Standardization as a Means of Regulating Private Forensic Organizations
Authors: Chernyavskaya M. S.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the application of standards in the field of regulation of forensic activities of private forensic organizations. Standardization is voluntary and is designed for forensic laboratories, i.e. for organizations, which directly engage in testing, calibration and sampling. However, the legislation of the Russian Federation does not provide the obligation to perform these actions in a forensic organization. So, the article shows the difference between the terms «forensic organization» and «forensic laboratory» and gives their definitions. Concludes that several requirements for forensic organizations should be incorporate into the law. The author formulates requirements for a mandatory package of documents that should regulate the activities of forensic organizations. The package of documents should include the charter of the organization, instructions for organizing the process of forensic examinations, information security policy.
Evaluation and Use the Forensic Financial and Economic Expertise’s Results of Operations with Digital Assets
Authors: Kolotov S. M.
Published: May 2022

The article considers the problem of assessment and use of the results of forensic financial and economic examination of transactions with digital assets, including those created using blockchain technology. The problems of assessing the competence of the forensic expert, as well as the peculiarities of assessing the expert opinion of the forensic financial and economic examination of transactions with digital assets created using blockchain technology were determined. The issue of suitability of objects used by the forensic expert in the course of these examinations is considered.
Features of changes in hormonal homeostasis among patients with acne
Authors: Elkin V. D. , Kobernik M. Yu. , Sedova T. G. , Kuznetsov I. D.
Published: May 2022

Objective. To evaluate the nature of changes in hormonal homeostasis among patients with acne, depending on menstrual function disorders. Acne is a common skin disease characterized by the development of an inflammatory process in the sebaceous glands; at the age of 1224, it is equally observed in boys and girls, and at an older age, it mainly affects women. Acne has a complex pathogenesis, in which hereditary, metabolic, immune and endocrine mechanisms are realized. It is often found in women with a violation of menstrual function. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nature of changes in hormonal homeostasis among patients with acne, depending on menstrual function disorders.

Materials and methods. The study involved 65 patients with acne, who were divided into two groups: group I was formed by 40 patients with acne having menstrual disorders; group II included 35 patients with acne without menstrual function disorders. The groups were comparable by social status and age; all were residents of the Perm Region, all gave voluntary written consent to participate in the study. The study included general clinical techniques, dermatological status and laboratory methods including biochemical blood analysis with indicators of lipid spectrum, glucose, total protein, zinc, liver enzymes, pituitary hormones (FSH, LH, TSH, prolactin) and sex hormones. Methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics were used to analyze the data obtained.

Results. In patients with acne, minor metabolic changes were detected, equally with and without menstrual cycle disorders. In the study of hormonal homeostasis, it was noted that in acne patients with menstrual cycle disorders, hyperprogesteronemia was determined much more often (80.0 6.3 %). The remaining sex hormones and pituitary hormones had insignificant changes in both the groups studied.

Conclusions. Acne, accompanied by a disturbance of menstrual function, is characterized by change in hormonal homeostasis in the form of an increased level of blood progesterone. In acne patients with a normal menstrual cycle, hormonal changes are insignificant. The metabolic disorders observed in acne do not depend on the character of the menstrual cycle. Patients with acne having menstrual dysfunction require joint management and treatment by both dermatovenerologist and gynecologist. In other cases, dermatological tactics is the basic one.
Violation of supporting function of feet in children with hip subluxation of dysplastic genesis
Authors: Nikityuk I. E. , Bortulev P. I. , Vissarionov S. V. , Savina M. V.
Published: May 2022

Objective. To study the plantographic characteristics of the feet in children with unilateral dysplastic hip subluxation (DHS) and to analyze the patterns of plantar pressure distribution on the affected and intact sides.

Material and methods. A biomechanical study was conducted in 23 children, aged 13 to 17 years, with unilateral DHS of Crowe group I. The plantographic characteristics of the feet were evaluated and their relationship with the vertical balance of the patients body was analyzed. The control group consisted of 18 healthy children of the same age.

Results. In patients with unilateral DHS, there is a significant decrease in all indices of support: anterior t, medial m and median s compared with healthy children, not only on the foot of the affected limb, but also on the intact side. It indicates a deterioration in the spring function of the transverse and longitudinal arches of the feet due to their rigidity. The foot on the affected lower limb has a pathologically increased Clarke's angle , which indicates an increase in the height of the longitudinal arches of the foot, which leads to a decrease in the total area of its support. In patients, there is a pathological increase in comparison with the norm of functional relationships between the arches of the foot on the affected and intact lower extremities, that is a sign of a formed pathological foot support strategy.

Conclusions. The pathological supporting strategy of the feet on the affected and intact lower extremities in patients with unilateral DHS may be a consequence of a violation of the global sagittal balance of the body, leading to an adaptive reaction of the musculoskeletal system in response to compensatory changes in the links of the kinematic chain "spine-pelvis".
Diagnostics of bronchial obstruction syndrome with portal wheezing detector in children
Authors: Kalinina N. M. , Furman E. G. , Sokolovskiy V. L.
Published: May 2022

Objective. To determine the efficiency of diagnostics of the clinical syndrome of bronchial obstruction with WheezeScan detector in children, to assess the sensitivity and specificity of this method. Electronic medical devices used for registration and analysis of breath sounds can help to diagnose different syndromes in pediatric pulmonology.

Materials and methods. The study involved 15 children aged 1 to 17 years, who were hospitalized to Pulmonology Unit of the Regional Childrens Clinical Hospital. The children were divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of wheezes in auscultation. The detector WheezeScan HWZ-1000T-E (Omron) was used to study the presence of wheezes. The control group included children without any objective signs of bronchial obstruction.

Results. It was detected while examining children that in auscultation 20 % (n=3) of children had dry wheezes, and in detector diagnostics the result was positive in 100 % of cases. In auscultation, 80 % (n=12) of children did not show clinically marked bronchial obstruction syndrome, the result of WheezeScan detector was 73 % (n=11). Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was 100 %.

Conclusions. Screening diagnostics of bronchial obstruction syndrome in children by means of electronic detector of wheezing is effective and can be applied for ambulatory patients of different ages in a pediatric hospital unit.
Pengembangan Media Animasi dalam Model Pembelajaran STAD Materi Sistem Peredaran Darah Manusia di SMP
Authors: Cahyaningrum Nadila Eka Okta , Abidin Zainul
Published: May 2022

The development of animation media in the learning model STAD aims to create effective and attractive learning activities so as to improve student learning outcomes. The animation media was developed in learning the human circulatory system in junior high schools. The research method used the Sadiman development model. Product validation is carried out by material experts and media experts. Meanwhile, the target of the field evaluation was class VIII students of SMP Negeri 1 Kauman Ponorogo. Based on the results of the field evaluation, it can be concluded that the animation media in the learning model STAD, the human circulatory system material, is categorized as suitable for use in learning activities. Furthermore, based on the results of the pre-test and post-test that were tested using the Paired Sample T-Test, it was found that there was a difference between the pre-test and post-test results. So it can be concluded that the use of animation media in the learning model STAD for the human circulatory system material in SMP can be applied as a guide in learning activities by teachers to create effective and interesting learning so that it can improve learning student’s outcomes.
PENGARUH KETERLIBATAN KERJA TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR PADA KARYAWAN ROKOK DI MALANG
Authors: Ilhamiyah Layyinatul , Harsono Yudi Tri
Published: May 2022

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the effect of job involvement on the organizational citizenship behavior on cigarette employees in Malang. This research hypothesis is that job involvement affect the organizational citizenship behavior on cigarette employees in Malang. The subjects of this study are 53 employees  at  cigarette  company  Malang.  The  data  collection  technic  used  in  this  study  is  a questionnaire consisting of 2 scales, namely job involvement scale and organizational citizenship behavior scale. The job involvement scale consists of 12 items constructed by the researcher based on the job involvement aspect proposed by Kanungo (Ansel and Wijono, 2012), the organizational citizenship behavior scale consists of 17 items constructed by researcher based on the organizational citizenship behavior aspect proposed by Organ, Podsakoff, and Mackenzie (Titisari, 2014). The result of the analysis of research data for hypothesis testing using simple linear regression analysis is that there is a significant effect of job involvement and organizational citizenship behavior of   Malang cigarette company employees of 22,3 percent with a significance value of (p) less than 0,05
 
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keterlibatan kerja terhadap organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan rokok di Malang. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh keterlibatan kerja terhadap organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan rokok di Malang. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 53 karyawan rokok di Malang. Teknik pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari 2 skala, yaitu skala keterlibatan kerja dan skala organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Skala keterlibatan kerja terdiri dari 12 butir aitem yang dikonstruksikan oleh peneliti berdasarkan aspek keterlibatan kerja yang dikemukakan oleh Kanungo (Ansel dan Wijono, 2012), dan skala organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) terdiri dari 17 butir aitem yang dikonstruksikan oleh peneliti berdasarkan aspek organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) yang dikemukakan oleh Organ, Podsakoff, dan Mackenzie (Titisari, 2014). Analisis data penelitian untuk pengujian hipotesis menggunakan regresi linier sederhana, hasilnya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan keterlibatan kerja terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) pada karyawan rokok di Malang sebesar 22,3 persen dengan nilai signifikansi (p) kurang dari 0,05.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA HARDINESS DENGAN RESILIENSI PADA PENGUSAHA MUDA ANGGOTA HIPMI CABANG KOTA MALANG
Authors: Nuroso Gilang Ramadhan Indra Jaya , Harsono Yudi Tri
Published: May 2022

Abstract: This study aims to determine the relationship between hardiness and resilience in young entrepreneurs HIPMI’s members at Malang brach. This research hypothesizes that there is a relationship between hardiness and resilience in young entrepreneurs HIPMI’s members. The subjects of this research are 79 young entrepreneurs HIPMI’s members at Malang branch. The data collection method in this study used a questionnaire consisting of two scales, namely the hardiness scale and the resilience scale. The hardiness scale consisting of 45 items was developed by Kobasa, (1979) then modified by Bartone, (1995) and adapted by the authors, namely the Dispositional Resilience Scale-45 (DRS-45) and the Resilience Quotient (RQ) consisting of 56 items were developed by Reivich and Shatte, (2002) and adapted by the authors. Analysis of research data to test the hypotesis using Pearson’s product-moment correlation resulted in a significant correlation coefficient between hardiness and resilience in young entrepreneurs HIPMI’s members and included a high with unidirectional category of 0.609 with a significance values of (p) less than 0.05.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hardiness dengan resiliensi pada pengusaha muda anggota HIPMI cabang kota Malang. Hipotesis ada penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan positif antara hardiness dengan resiliensi pada pengusaha muda anggota HIPMI Cabang kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan 79 subjek yang tergabung dalam HIPMI cabang kota Malang dengan berbagai variasi usaha. Metode pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dua skala penelitian yaitu Dispositional Resilience Scale dengan 26 aitem untuk mengukur Hardiness oleh Kobasa (1979) yang kemudian di modifikasi oleh Bartone (1989)  dan Resilience Quotient (RQ) scale dengan 42 aitem untuk mengukur resiliensi yang disusun oleh Reivich and Shatte (2002). Analisis data penelitian untuk pengujian hipotesis menggunakan metode Pearson’s product moment correlation, hasilnya terdapat hubungan signifikan  hardiness  dengan  resiliensi  pada  pengusaha  muda  anggota  HIPMI cabang  kota  Malang  dan  termasuk  dalam  kategori  tinggi  dengan  arah  positif sebesar 0,609 dengan nilai signifikansi (p) kurang dari 0,05.
Clobetasol propionate 0.025%: a topical therapeutic for skin diseases
Authors: Sadana Jatinder K. , Rai Anshuman , Sethi Meenu , Khanna Deepshikha , Jain Suresh K. , Bharti Rakesh , Bhoira Salman S. , Dhamija Ashish , Nabar Kiran V. , Banjara Naresh K.
Published: May 2022

The most widely recommended drugs for the treatment of a variety of dermatoses are topical corticosteroids (TC). These medications are approved for the treatment of inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of dermatologic disorders due to their powerful, symptom-relieving impact. Clobetasol propionate (CP) is the most popular TC used to relieve itching, redness, and edema caused by skin disorders. Topical corticosteroids exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-pruritic, and vasoconstrictive activities. Clobetasol propionate binds to cytoplasmic glucocorticoid receptors and activates glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene expression, resulting in the production of anti-inflammatory proteins and suppression of the production of inflammatory mediators. The effectiveness, safety, and clinical experience of utilizing CP 0.025% topical therapy for the treatment of various dermatologic disorders are discussed in this case series.
The Chosen Child: Characteristics of Family Caregivers Selected at an Early Age to Provide Care to Their Parents
Authors: Campione Joanne R. , Zebrak Katarzyna A.
Published: May 2022

Background and Objective

Family caregivers who have been chosen by their family for the caregiving role may be under a unique type of stress due to familism and/or lack of choice. The purpose of this exploratory analysis was to investigate the characteristics of family caregivers who self‐identified as the “Chosen Child” caregiver.

Methods

We used survey data from 652 child caregivers collected in December 2016 as part of the outcome evaluation of the National Family Caregiver Support Program (NFCSP). We compared the characteristics between the caregivers who responded “definitely true” when asked if they were chosen by their family as a child to provide care (“Chosen Child”) and the caregivers who answered “definitely false” to chosen child (DFCC).

Results

Compared to DFCC caregivers (n=214), Chosen Child caregivers (n=168) experienced emotional distress more often (p=0.009), were more likely to have annual household income ≤$40,000 (p=0.018), were less likely to be employed (p=0.009), and were less likely to have received respite care in the past 6 months from family or friends (p=0.009). The mean emotional distress score remained significantly different between Chosen Child and DFCC caregivers after adjusting for potential confounders (2.64 vs. 2.43, respectively).

Conclusion

Family and friends should be aware that the Chosen Child caregiver may be at risk for emotional distress and may be hesitant to ask for respite care or other types of support. Interventions for the Chosen Child should help them seek support when needed.
Residents' and Family Perspectives of Involuntary Healthcare Facility Closure and Relocation
Authors: Weaver Raven H. , Roberto Karen A. , Brossoie Nancy , Teaster Pamela B.
Published: May 2022

Older adults who receive care in a healthcare facility certified by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services receive services mandated and regulated by state and federal policy to ensure that basic quality and safety standards are met. Termination of certification due to ongoing care deficiencies results in the involuntary relocation of residents receiving Medicare or Medicaid services to another healthcare facility. If a facility ultimately closes, all residents are displaced. Facility decertification happens infrequently, but when it does occur, it affects both residents and their families. Few studies have examined resident input and the role that family plays in the relocation process. The purpose of this study was to explore residents' and families' perceptions of the relocation process and its effect on residents' health and wellbeing. The study sample included 27 residents and 93 family members from two facilities that lost their certification. Semi‐structured, audio‐recorded interviews conducted with participants either in‐person or by telephone focused on perceptions of relocation processes, relocation challenges and stressors, and physical and mental effects on residents. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using an open coding process to identify common themes and patterns in the data. Four interrelated, overarching themes emerged from the analysis: 1) awareness of need to relocate; 2) notification of need to relocate; 3) involvement in relocation decisions; and 4) relocation stressors. Neither residents nor families were satisfied with the relocation process and offered multiple suggestions to guide policy and practice to improve their involuntary relocation experiences.
Why Don't Older Adults Use Senior Centers? Evidence from Adults Age 50 and Older in Massachusetts
Authors: Somerville Ceara , Roldán Nidya Velasco , Bui Cindy N. , Coyle Caitlin , Mutchler Jan
Published: May 2022

Senior centers are crucial community resources, providing programs and services intended to meet a range of needs and interests among older adults and serving as community hubs for social connection with peers. This study aims to compare older adults who attend senior centers to those who do not and assess reasons for non‐attendance. Secondary data pooled from community needs assessment surveys includes a sample of 8,573 community‐dwelling adults aged 50 and older from eight communities in Massachusetts. Three‐quarters of respondents reported not attending the senior center. The most common reasons selected for non‐attendance are not being interested (26%) and not feeling “old enough” (27%). There are significant differences among age groups for all reasons given for non‐attendance. Moreover, there are significant gender differences among most reasons given. This study suggests that senior centers and policies supporting senior centers may increase participation by expanding outreach and marketing efforts to include older men and those aged 60‐69, and by adapting programming that appeals to different age groups and changing interests of older adults. Results suggest that adjusting hours of operation may offer those aged 60‐69 a better opportunity to participate at the senior center. This research indicates an opportunity for reevaluating and updating senior center operations to reflect current interests and more effectively attract and serve an evolving older population.
A Tale of Two Crises in Peru: Livelihoods and Social Reproduction During the 1980s and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vincent Susan , Clark Patrick , Chanca Flores Aparicio
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc on the livelihoods ofpeople around the world. Structural economic constraints are highlightedat such moments of crisis, while those most affected have recourse to theirrepertoire of managing strategies. This case study of people from Allpachico,a Peruvian peasant community, compares their responses to the current crisiswith their responses to one in the 1980s, showcasing similarities in strategies(especially reciprocity and the sale or exchange of necessary reproductive tasksand products) and differences in the form they take. In the 1980s, women’s workand kin reciprocity helped people access use-values. By 2020, neoliberalismhad transformed the national economy and Allpachiqueño migrantsoverwhelmingly had precarious informal and contract work. Reciprocity andreproductive tasks are still central to livelihood, but now tend to be monetizedrather than involving use-values. As that earlier crisis shattered both secureemployment and peasant farming to lay the basis for neoliberalism, so now itappears that the COVID-19 pandemic, through the monetization of governmentsupport and reciprocity alike, is accelerating financialization in the form offinancial services and debt.
Faire de l’anthropologie engagée pour une utopie émancipatrice : Quelques propos sur la diversité sexuelle et de genre à partir du Sud global
Authors: Gontijo Fabiano
Published: May 2022

Les discours nationaux, les formes d’appartenance ethno-nationaleet les valeurs nationalistes seraient fondés, depuis le XVIIIe siècle, surl’hétéronormativité, le binarisme de genre, le dimorphisme sexuel et, parconséquent, sur la régulation ou l’invisibilisation de la diversité sexuelle etde genre. Ces dernières années, je me suis penché sur les technologies degestion de l’identité nationale liées à la gouvernementalité et à la biopolitique,ainsi que sur les utilisations faites des productions universitaires (notammentanthropologiques) pour façonner la discursivité qui régit la diversité sexuelle etde genre. En m’appuyant sur mes expériences de recherches ethnographiquesmulti-situées, je propose ici un débat théorique visant au décentrement duregard sur les expressions de la diversité sexuelle et de genre qui pourraitaboutir à une subversion de l’ordre des choses et à la proposition d’unautre monde commun possible contre l’expansionnisme nécropolitique desnouvelles croisades morales.
Efficacy of levamisole with standard care treatment vs. standard care in clinical presentations of non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Asgardoon Mohammad Hossein , Emadi Koochak Hamid , Kazemi-Galougahi Mohammad Hassan , Zare Dehnavi Ali , Khodaei Behzad , Behkar Atefeh , Dehpour Ahmad Reza , Khalili Hossein , Aminianfar Mohammad
Published: May 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of adding a 10-day course of levamisole (LVM) to the standard care compared with standard care alone, on the clinical status of COVID-19 patients with mild to moderate disease.
Methods:  In this randomized open-label trial, we enrolled non-hospitalized patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 at nine health centers in Tehran province, Iran, in 2021. Patients were randomly assigned to receive a 10-day course of LVM with standard care (n=185) or standard care alone (n=180) in a 1:1 ratio. On days 1 to 10, LVM was administered orally at a dosage of 50 mg. The participants were called and followed on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 14. The measured parameters were general health condition, hospitalization rate, signs and symptoms, and adverse events. The generalized estimating equations model was used for analysis.
Results: Among 507 randomized patients, 473 patients started the experiment and received LVM plus standard care or received the standard care alone; 385 patients included in the analysis; 346 (98%) patients completed the trial. The median age of the patients was 40 years [IQR: 32-50.75]; and ‎201 (55.1%)‎ patiens were male. The mean age, sex ratio, and frequency of the underlying diseases of the patients in the two study groups had no ‎statistically significant differences (P>0.05). Compared to the control group, LVM improved the general health condition of the patients (B=-0.635; 95% CI: -0.041,-0.329; P<0.001). Patients receiving LVM compared with standard care group had significantly lower odds of developing fever (OR=0.260; 95% CI: 0.11‎‎3‎,0.59‎‎9‎; P=0.002), chills (OR=0.223; 95% CI:‎‎ 0.07‎‎6,‎0.64‎‎8‎; P= 0.006), fatigue (OR=0.576; 95% CI:‎ 0.34‎‎6,‎0.96‎‎0‎‎; P=0.034), and myalgia (OR=0.54‎‎4‎; 95% CI:‎ 0.31‎‎7‎,0.93‎‎2‎‎; P=0.027). No significant difference was observed in the rate of hospitalization. Although the intervention group had greater adverse effects than the control group, the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that LVM has clinical benefits in improving patients’ health condition with mild to moderate COVID-19.
Early clinical experience with a new Video Laryngoscope (SANYAR®) for tracheal intubation in adults: A comparison clinical study
Authors: Khajavi Mohammad Reza , Mohammadyousefi Rana , Neishaboury Mohamadreza , Shariat Moharari Reza , Etezadi Farhad , Pourfakhr Pejman
Published: May 2022

Objective: SANYAR® video laryngoscope (S-VL) is a new video laryngoscope. We conducted a comparative clinical study to assess its ability to provide laryngeal exposure and facilitate endotrachetal intubation (ETI) in adult patients.
Methods: This comparison clinical study was conducted on adult patients undergoing elective general anesthesia. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of direct laryngoscopy (DL) or S-VL. The primary outcome was the time required for performing ETI. The glottic view and successful ETI on the first attempt was also compared between the two groups. 
Results: Full and partial glottic visualization was achieved in 100% of the patients in the S-VL group, while the corresponding figure in the DL group was 90%. Cormack-Lehane III was observed in 5 patients of the DL group, and ETI was successfully carried out with S-VL. The first-pass success rate of ETI was significantly higher in S-VL group compared to the DL group (94% vs. 78%; P = 0.034). The mean times to ETI were 38.32±6.4 and 35.31±8.4 seconds in DL and S-VL groups, respectively (P = 0.650).
Conclusions: During ETI for general anesthesia, SANYAR® video laryngoscope compared with direct laryngoscopy improved glottic visualization and first-pass ETI rate.
Factors affecting simulators of the hospital emergency department during emergencies and disasters in Iran: a qualitative study
Authors: Barghi Shirazi Fahimeh , Moslehi Shandiz , Rasouli Mohammad Reza , Masoumi Gholamreza
Published: May 2022

Objective: The simulation strategy is so important for appropriate responses and preparedness of hospital emergency department staff in emergencies to strengthen team building and care focused on the interdisciplinary community. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors affecting the hospital emergency department's simulators during emergencies and disasters.
Methods: This conventional content analysis study was conducted in 2021. Participants were selected from Iranian experts using purposeful and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed by the content analysis.
Results: Analysis of the data results through semi-structured interviews showed 4 main categories and 11 subcategories including management and leadership (the structure, casualty management, command, interactions and coordination, communications and information, as well as human resources), and increasing the capacity (resources (physical resources, and financial resources)), modern technology approaches (information technology), laws and policies (policies, guidelines, and rules).
Conclusion: The simulation technology use can be effective in preparing the hospital emergency department in the event of disasters, strengthening management and leadership, proper planning, appropriate organizational culture, organizational learning, interactions and coordination, casualty management, as well as providing resources, equipment, items, processes, and instructions. So, the use of these new technological training is recommended to improve responses in times of emergencies and disasters.
Giant megacolon caused by anterior displacement of the anus in a 71-year-old woman
Authors: Farhangian Mehdi , Ahmadi-Amoli Hadi , Rahimpour Ehsan
Published: May 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Identifying and Assessing Health, Safety and Environmental hazards of Safety Shoe Industry
Authors: MOHAMADI Abdollah , KARIMI Sama , KARIMI Elham
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Despite increasing advances, various industries are still involved in various accidents caused by Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) risks. These accidents, in addition to human and environmental damage, impose high economic costs. Accordingly, risk identification in order to prevent losses and Unfavorable results of events are performed. Therefore, the health, safety and environmental hazards of the safety shoe industry were identified and evaluated.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted, in 2020, in one of the safety shoe industries using Failure Modes and Effects Analysis technique (FMEA). The FMEA team was first formed to collect the required information, and then, the potential hazards were identified and recorded. Then, the Risk Priority Number (RPN) was obtained by multiplying the three factors of risk severity, occurrence and detection. Finally, modifications were proposed for unacceptable risks. All calculations were performed by Excel.
Results: In 204 risks were identified 40 potential hazards with RPN from 108 to 300 and 164 potential hazards with RPN from 12 to 100 were identified. Gas with RPN= 300 and accumulation of explosive gases and vapors with RPN= 270 and electricity with RPN= 252 also inadequate lighting had the lowest RPN of 12.
Conclusion: The results of the present study show that FMEA is an appropriate method for identifying risks and assessing the risk of devices, equipment and machinery in the footwear industry that can identify and prioritize existing potential hazards.
A Review on Cyperus rotundus: Ancient Weed to Modern Elixir of Life Phytochemistry and Therapeutic Uses of Cyperus rotundus (Mustaka)
Authors: Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar , Amruta Narayanappa , Khanum Farhath , Narayana V.V.P.C. , Srinivasulu Doddaga
Published: May 2022

Background: Since time immemorial, humans have identified several herbs to treat various ailments. With the advancement of science and state-of-the-art technologies, different herbal extracts and chemical constituents of herbs were identified as therapeutic targets. Cyperus rotundus, also called mustaka, is one of the most ancient herbs widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions across the globe. The tuberous and aerial parts of the herb were identified to possess various pharmacological properties.
Objectives: This review focuses on the various phytocompounds of mustaka and how these compounds exert pharmacological effects and their mode of action. The molecular and cellular effects of mustaka were also discussed based on the preclinical and clinical reports available using an array of in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo methodologies.
Methods: The information from Google Scholar, Science direct, PUBMED, were reviewed with a special focus on the mode of action of C. rotundus from the data on animal and preclinical experiments to treat various diseases.
Conclusion: Based on the literature available on C. rotundus in Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed, the pharmacological properties of mustaka were reviewed with a particular focus on its neuropharmacological activities. The mode of action of C. rotundus and its bioactive metabolites at the molecular biology level were demonstrated based on animal and preclinical experiments to cure various ailments. These diverse effects prove C. rotundus as a valuable traditional medicine for treating various disorders.