bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Initial Characterization of the Epstein–Barr Virus BSRF1 Gene Product
Authors: Yanagi Yusuke , Masud H. M. Abdullah Al , Watanabe Takahiro , Sato Yoshitaka , Goshima Fumi , Kimura Hiroshi , Murata Takayuki
Published: March 2019

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous virus that causes infectious mononucleosis and several types of cancer, such as Burkitt lymphoma, T/NK-cell lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. As a herpesvirus, it encodes more than 80 genes, many of which have not been characterized. EBV BamHI S rightward reading frame 1 (BSRF1) encodes a tegument protein that, unlike its homologs herpes simplex virus unique long 51 (UL51) and human cytomegalovirus UL71, has not been extensively investigated. To examine the role of BSRF1, we prepared knockout and revertant strains using the bacterial artificial chromosome system. Unexpectedly, the disruption of the gene had little or no effect on EBV lytic replication and the transformation of primary B cells. However, the knockdown of BSRF1 in B95-8 cells decreased progeny production. An immunofluorescence assay revealed that BSRF1 localized to the Golgi apparatus in the cytoplasm, as did its homologs. BSRF1 also associated with BamHI G leftward reading frame 3.5 (BGLF3.5), BamHI B rightward reading frame 2 (BBRF2), and BamHI A leftward reading frame 1 (BALF1), and BALF1 was incorporated into the tegument fraction with BSRF1. Taken together, our results indicate that BSRF1 plays a role in secondary envelopment or virion egress in the cytoplasm, as do its homolog genes.
The Oxygen Transfer Capacity of Submerged Plant Elodea densa in Wastewater Constructed Wetlands
Authors: Białowiec Andrzej , Sobieraj Karolina , Pilarski Grzegorz , Manczarski Piotr
Published: March 2019

There are insufficient data for the development of process design criteria for constructed wetlands systems based on submerged plants as a major treatment agent. The aim of the study was to evaluate the oxygen transfer capacity (OTC) of E. densa, in relation to wet plants’ mass (w.m.), and the influence of E. densa on the oxygen concentration and contaminants’ removal efficiency from municipal wastewater. The obtained oxygen concentration and temperature data allowed to calculate the OTC values (mg O2·L−1·h−1), which had been related to wet plants’ mass unit (mg O2·L−1·h−1·g w.m.−1). The efficiency of wastewater treatment was determined in relation to initial wastewater content in the mixture of wastewater and tap water (0%, 25%, 50%, and 100%) during 3 days of the experiment duration. The simulation of day and night conditions was done by artificial lighting. Before and after finishing the second experiment, the COD, Ntotal, and P-PO4 concentration were analyzed in wastewater solutions. The OTC ranged from 3.19 to 8.34 (mgO2·L−1·h−1·g w.m.−1), and the increase of OTC value was related to the increase of wet plant’s mass. The research showed that E. densa affected positively on the wastewater treatment efficiency, and the highest efficiency was achieved in 25% wastewater solution: 43.6% for COD, 52.9% for Ntotal, 14.9% for P-PO4.
A Study on the Motion of Partial Air Cushion Support Catamaran in Regular Head Waves
Authors: Yang Jinglei , Lin Zhuang , Gao Zeyang , Li Ping
Published: March 2019

In this paper, the motion of partial air cushion support catamaran (PACSCAT) sailing in regular waves was firstly investigated by the experimental method. The monitored histories of heave, pitch, midship acceleration, and air cushion pressure in towing tests are performed to analyze the influence of air cushion on the periodicity feature of hull body motion. Subsequently, using the finite volume method (FVM)-based CFD software Star-ccm, numerical simulations are carried out for the PACSCAT model with a simplification of the air cushion system. The detailed flow information of wave evolution, pressure, and velocity distribution is investigated. The calculated oscillation characteristics of different motion parameters are compared with those from experiment and show good agreement. The numerical method also has good capacity in the prediction of amplitude response of heave and midship acceleration; however, large error is found when calculating resistance and amplitude response of pitch.
Reliable Future Climatic Projections for Sustainable Hydro-Meteorological Assessments in the Western Lake Erie Basin
Authors: Mehan Sushant , Gitau Margaret W. , Flanagan Dennis C.
Published: March 2019

Modeling efforts to simulate hydrologic processes under different climate conditions rely on accurate input data. Among other inaccuracies, errors in climate projections can lead to incorrect decisions. This study aimed to develop a reliable climate (precipitation and temperature) database for the Western Lake Erie Basin for the 21st century. Two statistically downscaled bias-corrected sources of climate projections (GDO: Global Downscaled Climate and Hydrology Projections and MACA: Multivariate Adaptive Constructed Analogs) were tested for their effectiveness in simulating historic climate (1966–2005) using ground-based station data from the National Climatic Data Center. MACA was found to have less bias than GDO and was better at simulating selected climate indices; thus, its climate projections were subsequently tested with different bias correction methods including the power transformation method, variance scaling of temperature, and Stochastic Weather Generators. The power transformation method outperformed the other methods and was used in bias corrections for 2006 to 2099. From the analysis, mean daily precipitation values were expected to remain more or less the same under both RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, ranging between 2.4 mm and 3.2 mm, while standard deviations were expected to increase, pointing to a rescaling of the distribution. Maximum one-day precipitation was expected to increase and could vary between 120 and 650 mm across the basin, while the number of wet days could potentially increase under the effects of RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. Both mean maximum and mean minimum daily air temperatures were expected to increase by up to 5.0 °C across the basin, while absolute maximum and minimum values could increase by more than 10 °C. The number of days in which precipitation could potentially fall as snow was expected to decrease, as was the annual number of days for optimal corn growth, although an earlier start to the growing season could be expected. Results from this study were very useful in creating a reliable climate database for the entire Western Lake Erie Basin (WLEB), which can be used for hydrologic, water resources, and other applications in the basin. The resulting climate database is published and accessible through the Purdue University Research Repository (Mehan et al., 2019), which is an open-access repository.
Assessment of Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Poor Rural Communities: A Case Study from Yatta Area, Palestine
Authors: Al-Batsh Nibal , Al-Khatib Issam , Ghannam Subha , Anayah Fathi , Jodeh Shehdeh , Hanbali Ghadir , Khalaf Bayan , van der Valk Michael
Published: March 2019

Yatta is a town located nine kilometers south of Hebron city in the West Bank of Palestine. The town houses over 100,000 people of which 49% are females and has a population that doubles every 15 years. Yatta has been connected to a water network since 1974 serving nearly 85% of its households. The water network is old and inadequate to meet the needs of the population. Water supply made available to the area is limited, estimated at 20 L/capita/day. Residents are thus forced to rely on water vendors who supply water that is 400% more expensive with a lower quality compared to municipal water. Therefore, rainwater harvesting is a common practice in the area, with the majority of households owning at least one cistern. Rainwater harvesting is of great socio-economic importance in areas where water sources are scarce and/or polluted. In this research, the quality of harvested rainwater used for drinking and domestic purposes in Yatta was assessed throughout one year. A total of 100 samples were collected from cisterns with an average capacity of 69 m3, which are adjacent to cement-roof catchment areas of 145 m2 average surface area. Samples were analyzed for a number of parameters including temperature, pH, alkalinity, hardness, turbidity, total dissolved solids, NO3, NH4, chloride and salinity. Results showed that most of the rainwater samples were within World Health Organization (WHO) and Environment Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines for chemical parameters. Microbiological contents such as total Coliforms and faecal Coliforms bacteria were tested. The research also addressed the impact of rainwater harvesting systems on different socio-economic attributes of the local community through a questionnaire that had been filled out before any sample was collected.
Physiological Factors and their Relationship with the Productivity of Processing Tomato under Different Water Supplies
Authors: Nemeskéri Eszter , Neményi András , Bőcs András , Pék Zoltán , Helyes Lajos
Published: March 2019

Measurement of physiological traits can be used to monitor plant water status, for irrigation scheduling or to predict the expected yield in open-field production of vegetables. This study evaluates the changes in stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), and canopy temperature at different stages of development of processing tomato to show their relationships with the yield and quality under well-irrigated, deficit irrigated, and non-irrigated conditions. Under non-irrigated conditions, during flowering with fruit setting and early fruit development the highest canopy temperature, lowest stomatal conductance, and Fv/Fm were measured, while the SPAD value was the highest. Under this condition, the correlation between the SPAD value, fruit weight, and marketing yield was positive, but it was negative with the total soluble solid (°Brix). During flowering with fruit setting, under deficit irrigation conditions a close significant positive correlation was found between the SPAD value and the fruit weight, marketing yield, and vitamin C content of fruits. During this period, under regularly irrigated conditions, the SPAD, Fv/Fm, and canopy temperature related to stomatal conductance. Stomatal conductance had significant influence on yield and quality under non-irrigated and well-irrigated conditions while the SPAD value and canopy temperature had significant influence on under deficit irrigated conditions.
Climate Change Impact on the Frequency of Hydrometeorological Extremes in the Island of Crete
Authors: Tapoglou Evdokia , Vozinaki Anthi Eirini , Tsanis Ioannis
Published: March 2019

Frequency analysis on extreme hydrological and meteorological events under the effect of climate change is performed in the island of Crete. Data from Regional Climate Model simulations (RCMs) that follow three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5) are used in the analysis. The analysis was performed for the 1985–2100 time period, divided into three equal-duration time slices (1985–2010, 2025–2050, and 2075–2100). Comparison between the results from the three time slices for the different RCMs under different RCP scenarios indicate that drought events are expected to increase in the future. The meteorological and hydrological drought indices, relative Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Runoff index (SRI), are used to identify the number of drought events for each RCM. Results from extreme precipitation, extreme flow, meteorological and hydrological drought frequency analysis over Crete show that the impact of climate change on the magnitude of 100 years return period extreme events will also increase, along with the magnitude of extreme precipitation and flow events.
Coupling between Hydrodynamics and Chlorophyll a and Bacteria in a Temperate Estuary: A Box Model Approach
Authors: Fernandes Élia , Teixeira Catarina , Bordalo Adriano A.
Published: March 2019

The spatial patterns of chlorophyll a and bacteria were assessed in a temperate Atlantic tidal estuary during seasonal surveys, as well as in consecutive summer spring and neap tides. A box model approach was used to better understand spatial and temporal dynamics of these key estuarine descriptors. The Lima estuary (NW Portugal) was divided into boxes controlled by salinity and freshwater discharge and balance equations were derived for each variable, enabling the calculation of horizontal and vertical fluxes of plankton and, therefore, production or consumption rates. Chlorophyll a tended to burst within the oligohaline zone, whereas higher counts of bacteria were found in the mesohaline stretch. Whenever the water column was stratified, similar tide-independent trends were found for chlorophyll a and bacterial fluxes, with net growth in the upper less saline boxes, and consumption beneath the halocline. In the non-stratified upper estuary, other controls emerged for chlorophyll a and bacteria, such as nitrogen and carbon inputs, respectively. The presented results show that, while tidal hydrodynamics influenced plankton variability, production/consumption rates resulted from the interaction of additional factors, namely estuarine geomorphological characteristics and nutrient inputs. In complex estuarine systems, the rather simple box model approach remains a useful tool in the task of understanding the coupling between hydrodynamics and the behavior of plankton, emerging as a contribution toward the management of estuarine systems.
Irrigation Factor Approach Based on Soil Water Content: A Nectarine Orchard Case Study
Authors: Vera Juan , Conejero Wenceslao , Conesa María R. , Ruiz-Sánchez M. Carmen
Published: March 2019

Precision agriculture requires irrigation supported by an accurate knowledge of the crop water requirements. In this paper, a novel approach for drip irrigation scheduling of fruit trees is presented based on the results obtained during a full growing season in an early-maturing nectarine orchard growing in a clay loam soil in a Mediterranean environment. Real-time water content was monitored in the soil profile of the main root exploration zone by means of capacitance probes; in addition, plant water status (midday stem water potential and leaf gas exchange) and canopy development were frequently measured throughout the vegetative cycle. The reference evapotranspiration (ET0) values, taken from a nearby automatic meteorological station, and the measured irrigation values allowed the determination of the irrigation factors once irrigation drainage during the season was assumed to be negligible and plant water status was proved to be adequate. The proposed irrigation factors offer a hands-on approach as an easy tool for irrigation management based on suitable soil water deficits, allowing the water requirements of nectarine trees under precision irrigation to be determined in semi-arid agrosystems where water resources are limited.
A Multi-Index Analysis Approach to Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment in River Sediments in the Ponce Enríquez Area, Ecuador
Authors: Aguilar Pesantes Alby , Peña Carpio Elizabeth , Vitvar Tomas , María Mahamud López Manuel , Menéndez-Aguado Juan M.
Published: March 2019

The area of Ponce Enríquez, Southern Ecuador, is one of the most important artisanal and small scale gold mining (ASGM) areas in the country, where informal mining operations can be found using amalgamation technique, even though it has been prohibited since 2010. Considering the potential impact of these mining operations, the present research focused on heavy metal pollutants in subsurface sediments at 214 sampling locations from several detailed sampling campaigns in the rivers Fermín, Fermín Norte, Guanache, Villa, and Siete. Four parameters were calculated to evaluate the geochemical composition of the river sediment and heavy metal concentrations: The enrichment factor (EF), the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), the contamination factor (Cf) and the pollution load index (PLI). The analyzed elements were Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, As, Cd, Sb, Sr, and Hg. Due to the lack of standards for pollution levels in sediments in Ecuador, Canadian guidelines were used as interim sediment quality guidelines (ISQG) in this research for comparison with the obtained results in subsurface sediments. The multi-index geochemical analysis indicated elevated heavy metal concentrations in all subsurface sediments in the studied river ecosystems.
Different Approaches to Estimation of Drainage Density and Their Effect on the Erosion Potential Method
Authors: Dragičević Nevena , Karleuša Barbara , Ožanić Nevenka
Published: March 2019

This paper analyses the possibilities of improving the precision of, and obtaining better, drainage density (Dd) input data for the Erosion Potential Method (EPM). This method is used for erosion assessments in karst areas that are characterised by torrential watercourses. The analysis is conducted in the Dubračina catchment in Croatia. Four different methodologies are used to derive a Dd map. The approaches use different assumptions and allow different spatial variability. The first two are commonly applied in the EPM. The Dd in the first case scenario corresponds to very low Dd and is homogenous throughout the entire catchment. In the second case, Dd is calculated on the sub-catchment level and varies from very low to medium. The third and fourth case scenarios provide the most spatially variant maps. The output of the third case is the actual Dd based on a topographic map, and the fourth potential Dd is based on a river network map derived from a Lidar digital elevation model. The third and fourth case scenarios provide better spatial variability for the Dd parameter, and both case scenarios are considered appropriate input data for the EPM and an improvement of the accuracy and precision of the EPM.
TRANSFORMATION OF PERSONAL VALUES AMONG THE YOUNGER GENERATION AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Liapunova Valentyna
Published: March 2019

The presentation of the main research material is represented by the characteristics of historical periods according to the understanding transformation by the society and its prominent representatives, as well as the values of human existence by the scientists; the aspects of the interpretation of the category "values" and "value orientations" are conducted in the scientific work; an analysis of the contents of value orientations (basic or key) in different ages; the beginning of the axiological stage of scientific knowledge is determined; separate social and psychological aspects of value problems are considered.
ECOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF THE CONTEMPORARY UKRAINIAN STATE FORMATION
Authors: Kоntsurak Viktor
Published: March 2019

At the same time, monitoring of the situation, adoption of separate legislative acts, environmental issues in the election campaigns have not led to the formation and development of environmental policy in its modern civilized sense. Unfortunately, within the framework of the state formation processes, environmental and resource-saving issues have always been the least important among the problems encountered by the young Ukrainian state. From our point of view, this is not justified.
LECTURE AS A FORM OF THE ORGANIZATION OF TEACHING IN THE SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE READINESS OF THE FUTURE HEAD OF THE GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION TO STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN THE MASTER’S DEGREE CONDITIONS
Authors: Lebid Olha
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the practical use of lectures in the system of formation of the readiness of the future head of a comprehensive educational institution for strategic management in the conditions of a magistracy. As a research object, problem lectures, a lecture with pre-planned mistakes, a lecture-conference, a lecture-press conference, a lecture-conversation, a lecture-briefing, a lecture with the analysis of specific situations were selected. The positive experience of using the specified types of lectures in the process of formation of the readiness of the future head of a comprehensive educational institution for strategic management in the conditions of the master's degree is described.
Mise au point sur les systèmes KPO3-Mg (PO3)2 et KPO3-Zn (PO3)2. Données cristallographiques sur Zn Na (PO3)3
Authors: Averbuch Marie-Thérèse , Martin Claude , Rakotomahanina-Rolaisoa Emile , Durif-Varambon André
Published: March 2019

La révision de deux diagrammes d'équilibre KPO₃-Mg (PO₃)₂ et KPO₃-Zn (PO₃)₂ conduit à l'identification de deux nouveaux composés K₂Mg (PO₃)₄ et K₂Zn(PO₃)₄.

On fournit les données cristallographiques concernant ZnNa(PO₃)₃, seul composé mis en évidence dans le diagramme NaPO₃-Zn (PO₃)₂.
Structure cristalline de l'uranyl˗vanadate de nickel tétrahydraté Ni(UΟ2)2(VΟ4)2. 4H2Ο
Authors: Borène Jacques , Cesbron Fabien
Published: March 2019

The crystal structure of Ni(UO₂)₂ (VO₄)₂ • 4H₂O has been solved using three-dimensional X-ray diffraction data obtained with an automatic dif-fractometer. The space group is Pnam. The final R factor is 0.069 with anisotropic thermal parameters for the cations and isotropic factors for the oxygen atoms.

The crystal is built up by [(UO₂) ₂ V₂O₈]n[charged 2n-] slabs parallel to (001) which contain symmetry centers. Nickel atoms and the four water molecules linked to them lie in the mirror plane. The octahedron of oxygen around nickel is completed by oxygens from, uranyl group symmetrically related by the mirror plane.
Description des macles dans les cristaux magnétiquement ordonnés
Authors: Sivardière Jean , Waintal Alex
Published: March 2019

Twins in magnetic crystals can be described by using double antisymmetry groups, or, in an equivalent way, real one-dimensional representations of point groups. The introduction of grey holohedral classes leads to the simultaneous description of twins and antiphase domains.
La schubnélite, nouveau vanadate de fer hydraté
Authors: Cesbron Fabien
Published: March 2019

La schubnélite, de formule Fe₂V₂O₈ • 2H₂O, a été découverte dans le gisement d'uranium de Mounana, Gabon. La symétrie triclinique, observée à l'aide d'un goniomètre à deux cercles, a été confirmée par une étude aux rayons X : a = 6,59 Å ; b = 5,43 ; c = 6,62 ; α = 125° ; β = 104° ; γ = 84°43' groupe spatial : P[-1] ; Z = 1. Les valeurs principales de dhkl la distinguent de la fervanite Fe₄ (VO₄)₄ • 5H₂O : 6,41 (F) 100, 5,15 (FF) 0[-1]1, 4,47 (FFF) 010, 3,21 (FFF) 0[-1]2, 3,19 (FF) 200-11[-2], 3,07 (F) 20[-1], 2,68 (mF) 2[-1]0-10[-2].

La schubnélite présente les formes (100), (100) et (001) ; elle est maclée sur (2[-1]2). Sa densité est égale à 3,28. Les pouvoirs réflecteurs de la face (010) sont R'g = 16,26 % et R'p = 13,78 %, les indices correspondants étant égaux à 2,35 pour n'g et à 2,18 pour n'p : λ = 520 nm.

L'analyse chimique a donné les pourcentages suivants : V₂O₄ = 16,95 ; V₂O₅ = 31,40 ; Fe₂O₃ = 41,05 ; H₂O = 10 ; total = 99,40 %.

L'analyse thermique différentielle présente un pic endothermique à 238° C marquant la déshydratation, un autre à 883° C dû à la fusion et un pic exothermique à 441° C certainement dû à l'oxydation de V⁴⁺. La déshydratation débute vers 180° C avec une vitesse de chauffe de 100° C/h.

Le nom est donné en l'honneur de H. J. Schubnel.
A TEM study of lattice defects in naturally and experimentally deformed orthopyroxenes
Authors: Nazé Loeïz , Doukhan Nicole , Doukhan Jean-Claude , Latrous Khellil
Published: March 2019

Divers OPX provenant de roches de haut grade métamorphique ou de péridotites ont été étudiés par microscopie électronique en transmission analytique. Les structures de défauts observées ont été comparées à celles produites par des déformations expérimentales (fluage à pression atmosphérique et déformation sous pression de confinement solide). Ces essais ont été réalisés sur des monocristaux orientés pour promouvoir les systèmes de glissement (100) [001], (100) [010] et (010)[001]. Le premier est le système de glissement facile de la structure OPX et l'orientation correspondante de la compression favorise aussi la transformation ortho → clinoenstatite. Par contre, on ne savait presque rien des deux autres systèmes de glissement.

L'examen d'OPX naturellement déformés montre que ces derniers systèmes de glissement, en particulier (100) [010], jouent un rôle important dans la ductilité de ces minéraux. Ces observations suggèrent également que les déformations naturelles ont dû se produire dans un matériau homogène puis, durant le refroidissement, des lamelles d'exsolution ont nucléé sur des sites préférentiels tels que dislocations, sous-joints...

Actuellement la comparaison des défauts dans des OPX déformés soit naturellement, soit expérimentalement, ne permet pas encore de déduire des informations quantitatives sur les paramètres thermomécaniques qui ont gouverné les déformations naturelles.
Metastable melting during the breakdown of muscovite + quartz at 1 kbar
Authors: Rubie David C. , Brearley Adrian J.
Published: March 2019

Mechanisms of the disequilibrium breakdown of muscovite under conditions of low rock porosity and low fluid content have been investigated experimentally using rock cores of a quartz-muscovite schist. Experiments have been performed on samples both initially dry and with added water at 680°-757 °C, 1 kbar for times up to 5 months. In the presence of water, localized melting reactions occur in muscovite within a few hours at 757 °C and a few weeks at 680 °C. After 2 weeks at 757 °C, muscovite becomes completely replaced by melt + corundum + mullite + biotite which subsequently reacts to metastable melt + mullite + biotite within several months. The results of experiments on dry samples suggest that the reaction of muscovite + quartz directly to K-feldspar + sillimanite + biotite + H2O occurs at these conditions (in less than 5 months) only where the concentration and chemical potential of H2O (µH2O) in the sample are low. The presence of water enhances the rate of metastable melting reactions relative to the rate of formation of K-feldspar + sillimanite + biotite + H2O, in accordance with the Ostwald Step Rule, and consequently greatly delays the attainment of equilibrium. The results demonstrate that the kinetics of metamorphic reactions can only be evaluated when reaction pathways and their dependence on temperature and µH2O are understood.
Solution concentration control on partitioning of heterovalent elements between minerals and hydrothermal fluids
Authors: Dujon Saint-Clair , Lagache Martine
Published: March 2019

The experimental exchange of alkali and alkali-earth elements between plagioclase and solution is controlled by chlorinity. For divalent trace elements exchanging with a major monovalent element of alkali-feldspars, the partition coefficient varies inversely with the chlorinity of the solution at constant temperature and pressure. This relationship is in agreement with the law of mass action. General applications are proposed for non-feldspar minerals, silicate liquid systems, and other chemical elements.
Réhydratation d'oxydes d'aluminium amorphes. Application à l'étude de l'équilibre boehmite-bayérite
Authors: Verdes Gilles , Gout Robert
Published: March 2019

Prolonged grinding of aluminum hydroxides leads to the formation of amorphous aluminium oxide which presents a large specific area (200 m2/g) and a high reactivity. We have studied the rehydration of this oxide in contact with water or water vapour.

At 25 °C, dissolution of the oxide is followed by bayerite precipitation. This allows calculation of the apparent solubility product and the free energy of formation of bayerite : — 1158.1 kJ/mole. The temperature of the boehmite/bayerite equilibrium is around 102 °C.

Rehydration experiments in water vapour demonstrate the influence of water activity on the temperature of boehmite/bayerite equilibrium. They allow the calculation of the Gibbs free energy of formation of boehmite

(— 917.1 kJ/mole) and the entropy of bayerite (68 J/K.mole).

Boehmite can sometimes be co-precipitated with bayerite, probably in small pores of the solid where water molecules are tightly bound to the mineral surface.
Caractéristiques pétrologiques des dolérites tholéiitiques d'âge triasique (ophites) du domaine pyrénéen
Authors: Azambre Bernard , Rossy Michel , Lago Marceliano
Published: March 2019

De nouvelles données sur les dolérites tholéiitiques des Pyrénées ("ophites") ont pu être obtenues à partir de l'étude des quelques gisements où ces roches ne sont pas métamorphisées, en particulier au Nord de l'Espagne. Le caractère hypovolcanique de ces tholéiites à quartz normatif permet d'observer, dans les gisements les plus importants, des phénomènes de fractionnement depuis des faciès cumulés à orthopyroxène (MgO~15 %) jusqu'à des pegmatitoïdes (MgO~5 %).

Une étude à la microsonde montre l'importante zonation des principales phases : olivine, plagioclase et surtout pyroxènes (augite, pigeonite et orthopyroxène), et permet de suivre l'évolution des liquides dans chaque faciès. Dans les phases tardives, comportant du quartz et des micropegmatites, plusieurs minéraux ont été mis en évidence : des silicates de Zr et de TR (zircon, allanite et parfois chevkinite-perriérite), ainsi que des amphiboles (ferroédénites) et des biotites riches en fer et surtout en chlore. Au cours du refroidissement et en liaison avec des microfractures, les pyroxènes magmatiques riches en fer peuvent être remplacés par des salites pauvres en Al et Ti associées à des oxydes de fer.

Ces dolérites sont une expression de l'important magmatisme tholéiitique continental périatlantique d'âge triasico-jurassique.
Transfert de matière dans des roches métamorphiques non déformées. Exemple des métagabbros coronitiques du Rouergue
Authors: Trolliard Gilles , Potdevin Jean-Luc , Lardeaux Jean-Marc , Boudeulle Micheline
Published: March 2019

Dans des métagabbros non déformés du Rouergue (Massif Central français), des structures coronitiques se développent lors des transformations des phases magmatiques primaires de la roche. Leur étude pétrologique conduit à distinguer trois types de sites réactionnels suivant la nature du contact entre les minéraux qui réagissent :

— au contact clinopyroxène-plagioclase, une couronne simple à amphibole,

— au contact olivine-plagioclase, une couronne complexe à orthopyroxène, amphibole et grenat,

— et au contact ilménite-plagioclase, une couronne complexe à amphibole et grenat.

Une approche de la mobilité des éléments et des variations de volume associées est réalisée sur le plus simple de ces sites (clinopyroxène-plagioclase) par l'établissement de bilans locaux de matière, visualisés par des méthodes graphiques simples. Ils indiquent une mobilité importante du fer et du magnésium qui s'oppose à une relative immobilité de l'aluminium, du silicium, du sodium et du calcium lors de la réaction chimique. Une telle mobilité implique des transferts de matière dans une phase intergranulaire pendant la réaction. Cette mobilité est interprétée en terme d'échange entre les différents sites réactionnels de la roche.
Les différents modes de suppléance en famille d’accueil. Quelles relations entre l’enfant confié, ses parents et sa famille d’accueil ?
Authors: Chapon-Crouzet Nathalie
Published: March 2019

Different forms of surrogacy in host families. Exploring relationships between children in care, their parents and the host family.

When it comes to protecting children with highly conflicting interests, it is essential to better understand the daily lives of children in care and the familial and affective relationships in host families, and to better identify their relationship with the host family and everything that makes for a family life in support of the child. This article presents part of the results from the latest study on the question of relationships and host families, supported by the French child protection observatory (Observatoire national de la protection de l’enfance). Living with another family, sharing one’s daily life with them, and constituting and functioning as a family as part of a new life initiated by an administrative or judicial decision : this is the singular experience facing children who are placed with host families. What does it mean for these children to constitute a family ? Who is part of that family ? What are the different host family configurations or, put differently, what are the different forms of surrogacy possible in host families ? What affective relationships and lineage can there be in these configurations ? To address these questions, this article explores the concepts of host family kinship and surrogacy.
Quand la solidarité familiale fragilise. Les arbitrages des proches aidantes-assistantes de vie
Authors: Touahria-Gaillard Abdia
Published: March 2019

When family solidarity is undermined. The choices made by caregivers/ personal carers.

A French law on adapting society to ageing, passed in December 2015, defines the family caregiver, thereby enshrining the moral obligation of family assistance in French legislation. The existence and role of those who provide daily care for a loved one who may be dependent, disabled or ill have thus been made visible. But women are more affected than men, and this moral obligation seems to be imposed in particular on those whose job it is to look after others. A study conducted on personal carers, employed privately and some of whom are family caregivers, in some cases paid by the loved one who depends on them, reveals three different profiles for the roles played by family caregivers : “pillars”, “pivots” and “adjusters”. These representations reveal the effects of social belonging on the naturalisation of their behaviours and highlight some of the underpinnings of family care, oscillating between a norm of internality and economic pragmatism.
Une politique familiale à petits pas. Normalisation de la garde partagée au Québec
Authors: Côté Denyse , Gaborean Florina
Published: March 2019

Developing family policy bit-by-bit. The normalisation of shared custody in Quebec.

In contemporary society there is a declining reliance on the law to determine the normative orientation of family policy. Instead, the law guarantees the management of a process for the joint construction of norms. In some cases, recourse to legal procedures or legislation is even ruled out. This is the case in Quebec with the de facto presumption of shared physical custody, which was gradually established through administrative and professional channels and with the help of certain case law. This article explores the way in which this new norm on family policy is based on an ideal of symmetry in parental custody, which is now presented both as necessary for the child’s well-being and as the foundation for equality between the sexes.
Au fil des écritures. Phénomènes de plurilinguisme et de plurigraphisme dans les îles méditerranéennes
Authors: Cannavó Anna
Published: March 2019

Contacts between languages and writing systems are a recurrent motif in Mediterranean history. Characterised by linguistic conservatism, but at the same time exposed to a variety of influences, islands represent a privileged space for the analysis of such phenomena. Starting from Cyprus, where an impressive variety of languages and scripts is attested during the first Millennium B. C., through Rhodes and Delos, authentic beating heart of Mediterranean trade in the Hellenistic period, over Sicily, where local and exogenous languages cross and overlap, this paper presents an overview and the main trends of a Mediterranean-wide phenomenon. Beyond Greek-Latin bilingualism, widely diffused in the area according to the progression of Roman power, some well-known languages and scripts (Greek, Phoenician) coexist with others, only locally attested (Eteocypriot, Elymian), on a variety of contexts and media (public decrees, dedications, coins) pointing to the existence of different frameworks of contact and exchange.
Des tours internes aux sanctuaires suburbains. Regards occidentaux sur des questions chypriotes
Authors: Trezigny Henri
Published: March 2019

The sanctuary at Kition-Bamboula was bordered to the South by a fortification reinforced by a tower turned towards the North, that is towards the sanctuary. If the fortification was designed to defend the sanctuary, it must be admitted that it possessed “ internal” towers, turned towards the site that it defended, which would thus constitute an almost unicum. The interpretation relies on two parallels : Idalion (acropolis and “ palace”) and Palaepaphos (fortification at Marchello). We try to show, on the basis of West Mediterranean parallels, that for these two sites such an interpretation is, if not impossible, at least difficult to substantiate. The Bamboula walls must therefore have had external towers, as is the rule in the Greek and Phoenician worlds. It implies either that the fortification defended a building located further South, completely distinct from the sanctuary, or that it was part of the city walls, in which case the sanctuary was suburban, perhaps linked to the port activities.
Le paysage des théonymes en Crète et à Chypre
Authors: Cayla Jean-Baptiste
Published: March 2019

This article is based on epigraphic documents coming from the islands of Crete and Cyprus, where theonyms were organized around a central god (Zeus in Crete and Aphrodite in Cyprus). The use of divine names reveals two contrasting notions of Greek political power : the nomos in Crete, the archè in Cyprus. A special study is devoted to an early Cypriot alphabetic inscription with the word Paphia : it shows that the divine name was significant on three levels (civic, insular, and Greek). Moreover, this inscription belongs to a series of epigrams related to the last Cypriot kings. Its early dating can be sustained by the examination of a very similar inscription from Paphos, which we propose to date to the reign of Ptolemy Sôter rather than Philadelphus. If correct, this last document gives the earliest to date evidence (306 B. C.) of the use by Ptolemy Sôter of the title of basileus.
D’Alasia à Tartessos. Ivoires et autres matières dures d’origine animale
Authors: Caubet Annie , Le Meaux Hélène
Published: March 2019

Antoine Hermary’s career throughout the Mediterranean inspired the authors to confront their point of view from Cyprus and Iberia, over a durée extending from the Late Bronze Age to the Archaic period, taking the case of ivory to highlight differences and similarities. The East and the West shared a marked taste for ivory and other related materials such as sea shells or ostrich eggs, to produce a large range of artefacts : pieces of furniture, chests and boxes, figurines, cosmetic instruments, elements of horse fittings and weapons. Debitage and decorative technique are compared, and the evidence for the existence of workshops is examined. The way a number of artefacts were “ translated” from one material to another, and produced in different materials of matching or opposed colours may account for the large geographic distribution of the so-called international style of the 2nd Millennium and the Orientalising period. The conclusion touches the question of the visual connexion between the decoration of small, portable artefacts and the ornaments of monumental architecture.
Chypre dans le nouvel ordre méditerranéen de l’époque hellénistique. Approches épigraphiques
Authors: Michel Anaïs
Published: March 2019

In this paper we aim to shed light on one of today’s most dynamic fields of Cypriot studies, i. e. the Hellenistic period and the Ptolemaic occupation of the island from 295/ 4 to 31 B. C. Based on a PhD project devoted to the reading of the Greek inscriptions of Hellenistic Cyprus and the study of the Cypriot society under Ptolemaic rule, it outlines the specificities of the Hellenistic period in Cyprus, and discusses its traditional representation as a «brand new world». It will first recall Cyprus’ political, strategic and economical importance in the Ptolemaic foreign policy, and then focus on the installation of an administrative and military staff on the island. These synthetic lines will highlight the new Mediterranean networks of the Ptolemaic period. In the last part of the article I will focus on the role taken by the Cypriote elite both in local and external contexts.
Studies on the provenances of the stele of Sargon II from Larnaca (Kition) and the two so-called Dhali (Idalion) silver bowls in the Louvre
Authors: Merrillees Robert Stuart
Published: March 2019

La découverte fortuite en octobre 1845 à Larnaca (Chypre) de la stèle de Sargon II d’Assyrie aujourd’hui à Berlin (Vorderasiatisches Museum) a suscité au cours des années des recherches pour localiser le vrai site de découverte et retracer l’histoire de son acquisition par les Königliche Museen de Berlin. Elle passe généralement pour avoir été trouvée à Bamboula de Kition, mais des recherches bibliographiques indiquent que sa provenance est plus vraisemblablement sur le rempart qui entourait l’ancienne cité (ou à côté du rempart), près de l’église de la Phaneroméni. Dans la compétition entre la Grande-Bretagne et la France qui souhaitaient l’acheter pour le British Museum ou le Louvre, les autorités prussiennes réussirent à acquérir cette stèle, premier monument de cette sorte pour les musées de Berlin. D’autre part, aucun argument ne conforte la possibilité que la stèle ait été fabriquée à Chypre, plutôt qu’importée toute faite, et érigée à l’origine sur le mont Stavrovouni près de Larnaca, ou que le bol d’argent (incomplet) donné au Louvre en 1851 par Félix de Saulcy ait été découvert avec le monument assyrien. Le bol venait en réalité de Kition, non d’Idalion, et il fut rejoint dans les collections du Louvre en 1853 par un autre bol d’argent qui, cette fois, provenait peut-être d’Idalion.
Aux origines des aristocraties provinciales
Authors: Demougin Ségolène
Published: March 2019

This paper examines several issues concerning the history of the equestrian order in a province which was considered as quasi-Italia : the integration of narbonensian elite in the second aristocracy in comparison with knights from Baetica, the role in this process of the praefectura fabrum, and, finally, about the two Agricola’s grand-fathers, both of them procurators during the reign of Augustus, the existence of hereditary status and functions for Roman knights.
Recherches sur le site de Prat d’Audène (Portel-des-Corbières, Aude) et son monument en grand appareil : nouvelles données
Authors: Savarese Laurent
Published: March 2019

La campagne de prospection pédestre menée sur le lieu-dit «Prat d’Audène » (Portel-des-Corbières, Aude) révèle l’importance d’un gisement, localisé non loin du tracé présumé de la via Domitia, à une quinzaine de kilomètres au sud de Narbonne. Ce site se singularise des habitats ruraux gallo-romains du secteur par la découverte de vestiges architecturaux liés à l’existence d’un monument en grand appareil. La présence de cette construction soulève non seulement la question de sa fonction en milieu rural, mais également celle de la nature des vestiges associés repérés en prospection.
Note complémentaire sur l’origine de la dédicace d’un nauclerus découverte à Fos-sur-Mer
Authors: Marty Frédéric , Courrier Cyril , Bromblet Philippe
Published: March 2019

La mise au jour d’une série de clichés photographiques dans les archives de Charles Massard, ancien secrétaire des «Amis du Vieux Fos » , permet de préciser l’origine d’un autel (ou d’une base de statue) inscrit, récemment publié dans la RAN (Courrier 2015). Par ailleurs, les résultats de l’étude d’une lame mince prélevée en septembre 2015 sur le monument donnent des indices quant à la provenance du matériau.
ANALYSIS OF ANISOTROPIC VARIOGRAM MODELS FOR PREDICTION OF THE CURONIAN LAGOON DATA
Authors: Krūminiene I.
Published: March 2019

The anisotropy in particular environmental phenomena is detected when behavior of a physical process differs in different directions. In this paper geometric and zonal anisotropies are considered. Various methods of geostatistical analysis, also isotropic and geometrical anisotropic variogram models are compared and applied for the Curonian lagoon depth data. The results demonstrate that after robust estimation, i.e. elimination of outliers and after elimination of geometric anisotropy the precision of prediction and adequacy of models are much better. All computations have been performed by means of gstat, base and spatial packages of R system. Prediction results are compared with the results of research where outliers and geometric anisotropy were not eliminated.
NUMERICAL ALGORITHMS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS OF MULTIPHASE FLOWS IN POROUS MEDIA
Authors: Èiegis R. , Iliev O. , Starikovièius V. , Steiner K.
Published: March 2019

In this paper we discuss numerical algorithms for solving the system of nonlinear PDEs, arising in modelling of two‐phase flows in porous media, as well as the proper object oriented implementation of these algorithms. Global pressure model for isothermal two‐phase immiscible flow in porous media is considered in this paper. Finite‐volume method is used for the space discretization of the system of PDEs. Different time stepping discretizations and linearization approaches are discussed. The main concepts of the PDE software tool MfsolverC++ are given. Numerical results for one realistic problem are presented.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE WAVE PROPAGATION IN A COMPOSITE MEDIUM
Authors: Katauskis P. , Skakauskas V.
Published: March 2019

We consider the wave propagation process in a 2‐dimensional material structure composed of random oriented orthotropic crystals and analyse numerical results for the diffraction problem and the problem of waves interaction with a free boundary.
INTEGRAL TRANSFORM WITH THE EXTENDED GENERALIZED MITTAG‐LEFFLER FUNCTION
Authors: Kilbas A. A. , Koroleva A. A.
Published: March 2019

he paper is devoted to the study of the integral transform
containing the special function å((á, â) n ;z) generalizing the Mittag‐Leffler type function in the space Â£v,r (1 ≤ r ≤ 8, í ∈ R) of Lebesgue measurable functions on R+ = (0,+8) such that ‖ƒ‖ v,r < 8, where
Mapping properties such as the boundedness, the range, the representation and the inversion of the considered transform are proved. The results are based on the representation of the considered transform as the H‐transform.
AN ANTIPLANE CONTACT PROBLEM FOR VISCOELASTIC MATERIALS WITH LONG‐TERM MEMORY
Authors: Sofonea M.
Published: March 2019

We study a mechanical problem modeling the antiplane shear deformation of a cylinder in frictional contact with a rigid foundation. The material is assumed to be viscoelastic with long‐term memory, the process is quasistatic, and the friction is modeled with Tresca's law. The problem leads to an evolutionary variational inequality that we study in an abstract framework. We then use the abstract result to prove the existence of a unique weak solution to the mechanical model. Moreover, we study its behavior with respect to the memory term and establish a convergence result.
CHARACTERISTIC NUMBERS OF NON‐AUTONOMOUS EMDEN‐FOWLER TYPE EQUATIONS
Authors: Gritsans A. , Sadyrbaev F.
Published: March 2019

We consider the Emden‐Fowler equation x” = ‐q(t)|x|2εx, ε > 0, in the interval [a,b]. The coefficient q(t) is a positive valued continuous function. The Nehari characteristic number An associated with the Emden‐Fowler equation coincides with a minimal value of the functional [] over all solutions of the boundary value problem x” = ‐q(t)|x|2εx, x(a) = x(b) = 0, x(t) has exactly (n ‐ 1) zeros in (a, b).
The respective solution is called the Nehari solution. We construct an example which shows that the Nehari extremal problem may have more than one solution.
ERROR ESTIMATION FOR QUADRATURE FORMULAS BASED ON EQUALLY SPACED NODES
Authors: Plukas K. , Plukiene D.
Published: March 2019

The error estimation for quadrature formulas based on equally spaced nodes is discussed in this paper. The error estimates use embedded formulas and they are obtained for Newton‐Cotes and Hermitian quadrature formulas. The coefficients of these formulas and error estimates are presented. The locally adaptive integration procedures implementing the truncation error estimation method proposed in this paper were developed in MATLAB and results of appropriate comparative tests are presented.