bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and Power Dissipation Consideration of PFAL CMOS v/s Conventional CMOS based 2:1 Multiplexer and Full Adder
Authors: Sharma Manvinder , Pandey Digvijay , Palta Pankaj , Pandey Binay Kumar
Published: April 2021

Increasing transistor switching time and rising count of transistors integrated over a chip area has given a high pace in computing systems by several orders of magnitude. With the integration of circuits, number of gates and transistors are increasing per chip area. CMOS Logic family is preferred due to its performance and impeccable noise margins over other families. However with integration in every digital circuit, the energy due to switching of gate doesn’t decrease at same rate as gates are increased per chip area. Due to this, power dissipation becomes significant and also reduction of heat becomes more complicated and expensive. In CMOS based circuits dynamic power requirement is becoming major concern in digital circuits. In this paper, the work is focused on reducing the power dissipation in circuits which is increasing with down scaling of circuits. The work is done on 2:1 multiplexer and full adder circuit. Adiabatic logic with positive feedback (PFAL) is applied to redesign the circuit with input power taken as sinusoidal source of 3.3 V and analysis is done for power dissipation between conventional CMOS and PFAL based CMOS circuits. In comparison with the conventional CMOS 2:1 multiplexer circuit, the designed PFAL CMOS 2:1 multiplexer circuit has less power dissipation as 80.871 picoWatts while conventional CMOS circuit has 6.9090 nanoWatts with the same behavior of circuit. Also for full adder conventional CMOS circuit have 48.0452 picoWatts while PFAL based full adder has 3.9089 picoWatts.
Tetracycline Degradation in the UV-heterogeneous Fenton-like System With BiFeO3 Catalyst
Authors: Jiang Yongwei , Xing Chao , Chen Yue , Shi Jing , Wang Sheng
Published: April 2021

Surplus tetracycline (TC) in the water body causes damage to the ecology balance and human health. Therefore, an efficient strategy was proposed, namely, the UV-heterogeneous Fenton-like system with BiFeO3 (BFO) catalyst, to eliminate TC pollution. This work successfully integrated the photocatalytic oxidation system with the heterogeneous Fenton-like system, cooperating with the photolysis of H2O2. These coupled effects could boost the reduction of Fe (Ⅲ) to Fe (Ⅱ) and depress the recombination of photogenerated charges, further promoting the generation of reactive species, and ultimately facilitating the TC degradation and mineralization. The catalytic of the prepared BFO was stable with no secondary pollution, and BFO could be recovered by an extra magnet to reuse. Compared with other advanced oxidation processes, this system showed an outstanding performance in TC degradation and mineralization, and TC and TOC removal efficiencies could reach 100% and 74.92%, respectively. Moreover, the possible mechanisms for TC degradation involved that TC was degraded by oxidation species generated by the synergistic effect in this system, such as superoxide radicals (·O- 2), hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and positive holes (h+). Intermediate products in the TC degradation process mainly were products at m/z=459, m/z=445, and m/z=134.
Multidisciplinary versus physiotherapy-only weekend rehabilitation: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Caruana Erin , Rowell David , Kuys Suzanne , Brauer Sandra G.
Published: April 2021

Background This study aims to investigate the impact of multidisciplinary Saturday rehabilitation (MSR) on length of stay, functional independence, gait and balance when compared to a 6-day physiotherapy-only service in a pragmatic setting. An economic evaluation of the intervention conducted from the perspective of the healthcare provider is included.Methods A prospective cohort study with a historical control was conducted in an Australian private mixed rehabilitation unit to compare a multidisciplinary and physiotherapy-only 6-day rehabilitation service. Clinical outcomes included the Functional Independence Measure (Motor, Cognitive, Total), gait speed (10 Meter Walk test) and five balance measures (Timed Up and Go test, Step test, Functional Reach, Feet Together Eyes Closed and the Balance Outcome Measure of Elder Rehabilitation). Economic outcomes were rehabilitation unit length of stay and additional treatment costs.Results A total of 366 patients were admitted to the rehabilitation unit over two 20-week periods. The prospective cohort (MSR) had 192 participants and the historical control group (physiotherapy Saturday rehabilitation) had 174 participants). Participants in the historical control group had lower total and cognitive Functional Independence Measure scores (p < 0.078), and generally performed at a lower level on admission gait and balance measures compared to the prospective cohort. More participants in the prospective cohort attended weekend therapy, attending more sessions and spending more time in therapy compared to those in the historical control group (p < 0.012). After controlling for differences in admission Functional Independence Measure scores, length of stay was reduced by 1.39 ± 0.77 days. The economic evaluation estimated cost savings of $1,536 per patient. The largest savings were attributed to neurological patients $4,854. Traumatic and elective orthopaedic patients realised cost savings per admission of $2,668 and $2,180, respectively.Conclusions Implementation of MSR results in a more efficient service, enabling a greater amount of therapy to be provided over a shorter length of stay. The provision of a multi-disciplinary Saturday rehabilitation is potentially cost reducing for the treating hospital.Trial registration not applicable.
Nurses' Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Zamanzadeh Vahid , Valizadeh Leila , khajehgoodari Mohammad , Bagheriyeh Farzaneh
Published: April 2021

Background

The nurses are at the forefront of patient care during an infectious disease pandemic, and play a key role in treating and preventing the upward trend. Hence, it is crucial to consider their experiences in designing action plans to combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since there is not enough data in this regard, the current study aimed to investigate the nurses' experiences in caring for patients with COVID-19 in Iran.
Methods

Taking a conventional content analysis approach, this qualitative research included 20 nurses working in the public hospitals affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using MAXQDA10 software.
Results

Data analysis revealed four main themes including ‘duality in the form of care’, ‘bewilderment and ambiguity in care planning’, ‘workload’, and ‘positive image with social isolation’.
Conclusion

Findings indicated that the nurses provide nursing care in stressful conditions while confronting various paradoxes. The results could lead to a clear understanding among the country's healthcare managers and policymakers to take appropriate measures to support the nurses and improve nursing care quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Performance Analysis of Optical AND Gate Using T- Shaped Waveguide
Authors: Rao Dalai Gowri sankar , Karyabhattu Seeta Rama Raju , Swarnakar Sandip , Kumar Santosh
Published: April 2021

Ultra-compact all-optical AND logic gate is realized for optical processing and photonic integrated devices with two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides based on beam interference principle. The performance of the structure is examined and evaluated by optimized parameters such as refractive index and silicon rod radius. The results obtained from a numerical calculation using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and plane wave expansion method. The photonic crystal based all-optical AND logic gate has benefits of compact size as 38.88 μ𝑚2, operated at low power levels, high transmission ratio and good time response as 0.124 ps. Associated with conventional semiconductor optical amplifiers, Mach-Zehnder interferometer and photonic crystal ring resonators proposed methodology provides better performance with a high achieved more than 97% transmission ratio, at a wavelength of 1.55 μm.
Eye-care Utilization Among a Canadian Diabetic Refugee Population: A Retrospective Cohort Pilot Study
Authors: Tanya Stuti M , He Bonnie , Aubrey-Bassler Christine
Published: April 2021

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading and preventable cause of blindness. DR screening lies at the intersection of many documented challenges in access to care for refugees. Additionally, vision screening is determined to be an important health need and a critical locus for underutilization of health services among refugees resettling in Canada. To date, there is a limited body of evidence on the ocular health of refugees in Canada and no known studies on diabetic vision screening among refugees. Our objective was to identify patterns of eye-care utilization among refugee and non-refugee patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL).Methods: We conducted a retrospective comparative cohort study at the Memorial University Family Medicine clinic, which includes the province’s largest dedicated refugee clinic. All patients with a new T2DM diagnosis between 2015-2020 were included. Data were described using basic statistics and unpaired t-tests. This study received full approval from the Newfoundland and Labrador Health Research Ethics Board. Results: 73 (18 refugee, 55 non-refugee) patients were included. Refugees had a significantly higher rate of referral to an eye-care provider (ECP) (p=0.0475) and were more likely to attend their ECP appointment than non-refugees (p=0.016). The time from diagnosis to referral was significantly longer for refugees than non-refugees (p=0.0498). A trend towards a longer time from referral to appointment attendance for refugees than non-refugees was noted (p=0.9069). Conclusions: Our study is the first to report eye-care utilization among an Atlantic Canadian refugee population, and among the first to report access to diabetic vision care among refugees worldwide. Although refugee patients in our study cohort had higher rates of referral to ECPs and utilization of eye-care services, they also experienced a longer time to access care. Specialist care is known to be more challenging to access for vulnerable populations. Our findings suggest that there may be a role for ECPs to collaborate with primary care providers to improve access to vision screening services. Limitations include the small sample size as well as selection and detection bias inherent to a retrospective chart review.
Parental methyl-enhanced diet and in ovo corticosterone affect first generation Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) development, behaviour and stress response.
Authors: Boulton Kay , Perez Jonathan , Wilkinson Toby , Hogan Kris , Homer Natalie , Robert Christelle , Smith Jacqueline , Meddle Simone L , Dunn Ian C , Watson Kellie , Bishop Valerie R , Wilson Pete W
Published: April 2021

The role of maternal investment on avian offspring has considerable life history implications on production traits and therefore potential for the poultry industry. A first generation (G1) of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were bred from a 2 x 2 factorial design. Parents were fed either a control or methyl-enhanced (HiBET) diet, and their eggs were treated with a vehicle or corticosterone injection during day 5 of incubation. A subset of G1 birds were subjected to an open field trial (OFT) and capture restraint stress protocol. Significant effects of HiBET diet were found on parental egg and liver weights, G1 hatch, liver and female reproductive tract weights, egg productivity, latency to leave the OFT central zone, male baseline 11-dehydrocorticosterone, and female androstenedione plasma concentrations. In ovo treatment significantly affected latency to return to the OFT, male baseline testosterone and androstenedione, and change in androstenedione plasma concentration. Diet by treatment interactions were significant for G1 liver weight and male baseline plasma concentrations of corticosterone.
These novel findings suggest significant positive effects on reproduction, growth, precociousness, and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis function from enhanced methyl diets, and are important in understanding how in ovo stressors (representing maternal stress), affect the first offspring generation.
Gut microbiome of capybara, the Amazon master of the grasses, harbors unprecedented enzymatic strategies for plant glycans breakdown
Authors: Cabral Lucelia , Persinoti Gabriela F. , Paixao Douglas A. A. , Martins Marcele P. , Chinaglia Mariana , Domingues Mariane N. , Morais Mariana A. B. , Sforca Mauricio L. , Pirolla Renan A. S. , Generoso Wesley C. , Santos Clelton A. , Maciel Lucas F. , Terrapon Nicolas , Lombard Vincent , Henrissat Bernard , Murakami Mario T.
Published: April 2021

Background: Plant biomass is a promising feedstock to replace fossil-based products including fuels, chemicals and materials. However, the high resistance of plant biomass to either physicochemical or biological deconstruction has been hampering its broad industrial utilization and, consequently, the transition to a sustainable bioeconomy. The gut system from herbivores are formidable bioreactors in nature for lignocellulose breakdown and the diverse ecological niches where herbivores are found have led to the rise of a myriad of molecular strategies to cope with the sheer complexity of plant polysaccharides. This study illuminates how the underexplored microbiota of the largest living rodent, capybara, found in Pantanal wetlands and the Amazon basin, can efficiently depolymerize and utilize lignocellulosic biomass.Results: Here, we have elucidated the gut microbial structure and composition of the semiaquatic herbivorous capybara through multi-omics approaches. Metabolic reconstruction of this microbiota showed that cellulose degradation is likely performed by Fibrobacter bacteria, whereas hemicelluloses and pectins are processed by a broad arsenal of Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZymes) organized in polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) identified in the multiple metagenome-assembled genomes from the phylum Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, metabolomics analysis showed short chain fatty acids as major fermentation products, which are key markers of digestion performance of plant polysaccharides. Exploring the genomic dark matter of this gut microbial community, two novel CAZymes families were unveiled including a glycoside hydrolase family of β-galactosidases (GHXXX) and a carbohydrate-binding module family (CBMXX) involved in xylan binding that establishes an unprecedented three-dimensional fold among associated modules to CAZymes. Conclusions: Our results reveal how the capybara gut microbiota orchestrates the depolymerization and utilization of dietary plant polysaccharides, representing an untapped reservoir of new and intricate enzymatic strategies to overcome the recalcitrance of plant polysaccharides, a central challenge toward a circular and sustainable economy.
Research on Machining Errors Control by Adaptive CNC Machining Process for Near-Net-Shaped Jet Engine Blades
Authors: Wu Dongbo , Wang Hui , Yu Jie
Published: April 2021

This study proposes an adaptive CNC machining process based on on-machine measurement to control the machining error of near-net-shaped blades. The multi-source and multi-process machining error transmission model of a near-net-shaped blade is established, and the reduction effect of the machining error transmission chain by the adaptive CNC machining process is qualitatively analyzed based on the machining error transmission flow model. The effects of the adaptive CNC machining process on the positioning benchmark error, machining position error, and machining contouring error are explored based on an experiment for the adaptive CNC machining process. In particular, the ability of the adaptive CNC machining process to cooperatively control the blade position error and the contouring error is discussed in relation to the stiffness of the blade-fixture system. The results show that the adaptive CNC machining process can reasonably reduce the machining errors caused by the positioning benchmark. The final deviation band of the blade body is reduced by 60% based on this adaptive CNC machining process. The adaptive CNC machining process can optimize the contouring error and the position error of the blade tenon root with only the stiffness of the blade-fixture system prerequisite being ensured. The adaptive CNC machining process has the excellent ability to control machining errors to improve the machining quality of the blade.
The Associations Between Maternal Adverse Childhood Experiences, Substance Use During Pregnancy and Poor Infant Outcomes: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hemady Chad Lance , Wong Siu Ching , Thurston Christina , Fry Deborah , Murray Aja Louise , Meinck Franziska
Published: April 2021

Background: Research suggests that maternal exposure to childhood adversity is associated with substance use during pregnancy and poor infant outcomes (i.e., premature birth, low birth weight). However, to date, no systematic review has synthesised the effect of ACEs on these three outcomes. Method: The framework for this review will be adapted from the guidelines laid out in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. The electronic databases to be searched will include: PubMed, SCOPUS, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and CINAHL and will be carried out by one reviewer. Studies that fit the pre-specified eligibility criteria will be screened, assessed, and extracted independently by two reviewers with discrepancies to be resolved by a third reviewer. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional and cohort studies will be used to critically evaluate the methodological quality of the selected studies. If a sufficient number of studies are found to be comparable, a meta-analysis will be conducted using a random effects model.Discussion: This review will provide supporting evidence on the body of literature exploring the long-term and intergenerational consequences of adverse childhood experiences. The results of the review can help inform policies and interventions related to maternal health as well as early childhood development. The gaps identified in the review can also help inform recommendations for future research.
Two Different Corneal Incision Designs for Correcting Corneal Astigmatism During Cataract Surgery With Multifocal Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Liu Dan , Fan Cong , Li Chunyan , Jiang Jian
Published: April 2021

Background: Multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) is very intolerant to residual corneal astigmatism and patients with more than 1.0 D of residual corneal astigmatism are not suitable candidates for implantation of multifocal IOLs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a single clear corneal incision (CCI) or an opposite clear corneal incision (OCCI) made on a steep meridian for correction of low to moderate corneal astigmatism during implantation of multifocal IOLs.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. A total of 50 patients with pre-operative total corneal astigmatism, ranging between 0.5 and 2.0 diopters (D), who underwent cataract surgery and received multifocal IOLs were included. Correction of corneal astigmatism was done via single CCIs on steep meridians in patients with 0.5–1.2 D total corneal astigmatisms, and OCCIs in patients with 1.3–2.0 D total corneal astigmatisms. Visual acuity, corneal astigmatism, ocular aberrations, corneal aberrations, and subjective vision quality were evaluated after surgery.Results: At 12-weeks post-surgery, the mean uncorrected distance vision (UCDV) was 0.06±0.09 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) and 0.03±0.09 logMAR, and the mean uncorrected near vision (UCNV) was 0.08±0.11 logMAR and 0.09±0.09 logMAR in the CCI and OCCI groups, respectively. The change in corneal astigmatism was 0.52 ± 0.22D and 1.06 ± 0.23D in the CCI and OCCI groups, respectively (P<0.001). Total corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and trefoil increased in both groups (P<0.05); however, there was no difference in the change in total corneal HOAs between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: CCI and OCCI made on a steep axis could be an option for correction of mild-to-moderate astigmatism during cataract surgery with multifocal IOL implantation.
The Effect of Different Hydration Media on Magnesia
Authors: von Hoessle Friedrich , Farid Reham , Mohamed Mayar , Hammouda Rawia M. , Kühn Fritz E. , Bassioni Ghada
Published: April 2021

This paper discusses the rate of hydration of magnesia (CCM1 and CCM2) during the formation of magnesium hydroxide with magnesium acetate and distilled water. The influence of magnesium acetate and the reactivity of the two types of caustic calcined magnesia were studied by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, mass spectrometry, particle size detection and pH. Also, both citric acid and acetic acid test were done to measure the reactivity of magnesium oxide powder. The results indicate that the hydration rate of both oxides in magnesium acetate system are vigorously exothermic compared to the water system. The study shows mechanistically that magnesium acetate enhanced the degree of hydration of magnesium oxide due to the presence of acetate ions and Mg2+ ions when it compared to water. Mathematical models confirm the findings.
Title: LAMP Assays for the Simple and Rapid Detection of Clinically Important Urinary Pathogens Including the Detection of Resistance to 3rd Generation Cephalosporins
Authors: RIVOARILALA Lalainasoa Odile , JEANNODA Victor , CRUCITTI Tania , COLLARD Jean Marc
Published: April 2021

Background: Timely and accurate identification of uropathogens and determination of their antimicrobial susceptibility is paramount to the management of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The main objective of this study was to develop an assay using LAMP (Loop mediated isothermal amplification) technology for simple, rapid and sensitive detection of the most common bacteria responsible for UTIs, as well as for the detection of the most prevalent genes (encoding cefotaximases from CTX-M group 1) responsible for resistance to 3rd generation of cephalosporins. Method: We designed primers targeting Proteus mirabilis, while those targeting Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis and the CTX-M group 1 resistance gene were benchmarked from previous studies. The amplification reaction was carried out in a warm water bath for 60 min at 63±0.5 °C. The amplicons were revealed by staining with Sybr Green I. Specificity and sensitivity were determined using reference DNA extracts spiked in sterile urine samples. The analytical performance of the assays was evaluated directly on pellets of urine samples from patients suspected of UTI and compared with culture.Results: We found a high specificity (100%) for LAMP assays targeting the selected bacteria (P. mirabilis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. faecalis) and the CTX-M group 1 when using DNA extracts spiked in urine samples. The sensitivities of the assays were around 1.5 103 Colony Forming Units (CFU) /mL corresponding to the cut-off value used to define bacteriuria or UTIs in patients with symptoms. Out of 161 urine samples tested, using culture as gold standard, we found a sensitivity of the LAMP techniques ranging from 96 to 100 % and specificity from 95 to 100 %.Conclusion: We showed that the LAMP assays were simple and fast. The tests showed high sensitivity and specificity using a simple procedure for DNA extraction. In addition, the assays could be performed without the need of an expensive device such as a thermal cycler. These LAMP assays could be useful as an alternative or a complementary tool to culture reducing the time to diagnosis and guiding for more effective treatment of UTIs but also as a powerful diagnostic tool in resource-limited countries where culture is not available in primary health care structures.
TVScript: A Tool for Exploring the Effects of Intra-Condition Variation on the Detection of Differentially Expressed Genes
Authors: Lobo Diana , Godinho Raquel , Archer John
Published: April 2021

The evolution of RNA-Seq technologies yielded datasets that are of immense scientific value. Commonly, such data is generated within differential expression studies, where datasets derived from individual samples are grouped into conditions, and gene expression patterns quantified. The number of archived datasets is increasing and revisiting many at an inter-study level provides an in-depth view into transcriptome evolution. The biggest hurdle is in dealing with variation of read counts at an individual transcript level between common conditions. We present a tool, TVScript, that quantifies intra-condition variation, and subsequently, removes reference-based transcripts that are associated with high levels of this. TVScript is demonstrated at inter and intra-study levels, using data from brain samples of dogs, wolves and foxes (aggressive and tame), where a marked improvement in the distribution of the gene-wise dispersion estimates, the metric utilized by the majority of differential expression tools, lowered the number of outliers detected. We provide support for seven candidate genes with potential for being involved with selection for tameness, and that appear to play a crucial role in canine domestication. We also identify several genes previously identified as being differentially expressed, but that possessed high intra-condition variation, weakening their relevance. TVScript is available at: https://sourceforge.net/projects/tvscript/.
The Screening, Characterization and Identification of Chitinolytic Actinomycetes Streptomyces sp. ANU5a.
Authors: Tiwari Piyush Kumar , Mandal Shubhjeet , Anchal Anchal
Published: April 2021

Streptomyces sp. ANU5a is a potential plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria and a highly effective biocontrol agent. It produces Chitinases in broth media containing Chitin. Earlier reports on the chitinase production revealed the key importance of casein hydrolysate and yeast extract as additional sources of carbon and nitrogen to increase the yield. 16S rRNA-based method was used to identification of a Chitinolytic Actinomycete a Streptomyces sp. ANU5a was completed from Mangrove soil samples. Ammonium sulphate precipitation method was used for partial purification of Chitinases. The Chitinases have optimum activity at a temperature of 50-55°C and pH 5-6. Three protein bands of 20kDa, 67kDa, and 240kDa are resolved by Native-PAGE of Ammonium Sulphate fractions; the smallest band of 20kDa belongs to Chitinase. Enzyme activity for chitinase was recorded by zymogram analysis. Streptomyces sp. ANU5a was found to have notable antifungal activity on culture plates. We correlate the antimicrobial activity of Streptomycetes sp. ANU5a with Chitinase activity and other PGPR traits.
Melt treatment in die casting industries
Authors: BHASKAR M. , Nalluswamy Tamil Selvam , P.Suresh
Published: April 2021

Molten aluminum metal is often contaminated with dissolved gases, inclusions, oxides, slag and insoluble materials. This results casting defects like porosity, pin holes and hard spots which reduces properties like strength, hardness, corrosion resistance and pressure tightness. The loss incurred in producing one defect casting is nearly equal to the profit gain by producing ten good castings. Hence producing defect free castings is highly economical in industries to gain profit. Proper treatment of molten aluminum metal is highly essential before casting process to achieve sound castings. This paper describes the effective cleaning methods like fluxing, degassing and addition of Strontium and Tibal alloy elements to induce grain modification and grain refinement in the alloy.
ADOPTION OF MOBILE BANKING SERVICES: AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION BETWEEN GENERATION Y AND GENERATION Z IN THAILAND
Authors: Ruangkanjanases Athapol , Wongprasopchai Suphitcha
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the significant factors that affect the adoption of mobile banking services, by conducting an empirical investigation on generation comparison, between Gen Y and Gen Z in Thailand. To test the framework, descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, collinearity analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were applied to the primary data, which consists of 400 surveys collected from mobile banking users in Gen Y and Gen Z in Thailand. The results show that compatibility, perceived usefulness, and self-efficacy are significantly and positively affect customer intention to adopt the services in both generations. Interestingly, social influence has significantly affected adoption of mobile banking only in Gen Z.
Atuação do psicólogo no processo de envelhecimento
Authors: De Souza Alves Kamila , Caetano Trindade Sabrina , Niemeyer da Rocha Fátima
Published: April 2021

Envelhecer é um decurso natural, constituído por alterações em diferentes aspectos da vida, em que surgem diversos desafios nos aspectos biológicos, psicológicos e sociais. Nessa perspectiva, o artigo objetivou abordar a atuação do psicólogo no processo de envelhecimento, a fim de promover o bem-estar do indivíduo que envelhece e auxiliar no enfrentamento das mudanças que esse processo envolve. Para tal, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura especializada quanto aos aspectos sócio-históricos da velhice, as teorias do envelhecimento, os desafios que surgem nesse processo, bem como sobre as possibilidades de atuação do psicólogo nesse contexto. Destacou-se a importância do trabalho desse profissional que contribui para um envelhecer ativo e saudável, promovendo uma melhor qualidade de vida, além de auxiliar na compreensão das dificuldades que a velhice pode causar nos idosos.
Estimation of Glucose and Galactose Content in a Natural Polysaccharide Isolated from Tubers of Colocasia Esculenta using a Validated RP-HPLC Method
Authors: Pawar Harshal Ashok , Choudhary Pritam Dinesh , Gavasane Amit Jagannath
Published: April 2021

Background:

Nowadays, natural polysaccharides are preferred over synthetic polymers
because they are biocompatible, cheap, and easily available than synthetic ones. The polysaccharide
obtained from the tuber of the Colocasia esculenta was reported to exhibit many
pharmaceutical applications as an excipient.

Objective:

The application of any polymer in formulating various dosage forms depends upon
its qualitative and quantitative chemical composition. Therefore, in the current research work,
the quantitative composition of the polysaccharide isolated from Colocasia esculenta was determined
by the validated HPLC method.

Methods:

RP-HPLC analysis was performed on an Agilent, Zorbax Eclipse XDB C8 column
(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase consisting of citrate buffer of pH 5.5: Tetrahydrofuran:
Acetonitrile (87.1:11.9:1 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. UV detection was performed
at 307 nm. The method was validated for various parameters as per ICH guidelines.

Results:

The calibration curve constructed for glucose and galactose was found linear with correlation
coefficients of 0.997 and 0.994, respectively. The system suitability parameters, such as
theoretical plate, tailing factor, and relative standard deviation (RSD), were well within the limits.
Solution stability data indicated that the solution was stable for 24 hours at 25°C. The watersoluble
polysaccharide from Colocasia esculenta was found to contain glucose and galactose in
the ratio 8:1.

Conclusion:

The validated RP-HPLC method was found to be specific, linear, precise, and accurate
and can be successfully used for simultaneous estimation of glucose and galactose content
in the polysaccharides.
Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Lokal secara Tradisional dalam Peningkatan Ketahanan Pangan oleh Suku Dayak Iban di Desa Mensiau, Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Arini Wahyuningyan , Rhoma Saputra Venza , Ramadani Harri
Published: April 2021

Suku Dayak Iban Desa Mensiau merupakan masyarakat asli Kalimantan Barat yang tinggal di daerah penyangga kawasan konservasi, yaitu Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun. Masyarakat tersebut memanfaatkan sumber daya hutan, baik di dalam maupun luar kawasan konservasi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemanfaatan tumbuhan lokal sebagai bahan pangan oleh suku Dayak Iban Desa Mensiau. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode wawancara secara mendalam terhadap 40 orang (10%) penduduk Desa Mensiau. Pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai tumbuhan lokal yang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan diwariskan secara turun-temurun. Terdapat 17 jenis tumbuhan lokal yang dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan makanan. Tumbuhan pantu atau ransa (Astrocaryum sp.) paling banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai makanan. Daun, batang muda atau umbut, dan tunas merupakan bagian tumbuhan yang sering dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan makanan dan sering diolah dengan cara dimasak sesuai dengan selera. Tumbuhan lokal yang dapat dikonsumsi dipercaya memiliki khasiat sebagai obat sakit perut dan hipertensi. Tumbuh-tumbuhan lokal tersebut dilestarikan oleh suku Dayak Iban Desa Mensiau dengan cara dibudidayakan, terutama jenis sawi hutan, pantu atau ransa, sagu, dan melinjo. Konservasi jenis tumbuhan lokal dan kearifan lokal harus terus dikolaborasikan dan dijaga dalam meningkatkan ketahanan pangan di Indonesia.
Profile of Pediatric Rheumatic Heart Disease Patients with Mitral Regurgitation Receiving Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor in dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang
Authors: Wahyu Nugroho Faris , Saifur Rohman Mohammad , Rizal Ardian , Martiny Heny , Prasetya Indra , Ridlo Makhmud Taufieq
Published: April 2021

Background : ACE inhibitors through reverse remodeling mechanisms may encounter secondary LV changes due to rheumatic MR. Studies regarding RHD in Indonesia, however, remain limited. Objectives : This study purposed to define the characteristic profile of pediatric rheumatic heart disease patients with mitral regurgitation who received ACE inhibitors. Methods : This descriptive observational study involved 47 pediatric RHD patients in the Pediatric Cardiology Outpatient Department of dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital from November 2018 to June 2019. Patients were divided into the captopril group and the no captopril group. The Captopril group was defined as patients who had been receiving captopril for more than or equal to 12 months prior to the study. Data about demographic and echocardiographic parameters were analyzed. Results: Female patients were predominant (68%), with a mean age of 12.1 years and body mass index (BMI) of 17.2 kg/m2. The Captopril group revealed younger age, higher BMI, and longer initial time of RHD diagnosis compared to the no captopril group. Evaluation of LV remodeling parameters demonstrated that the captopril group had smaller LVIDd, lower LVMI, higher FS, and higher LVEF. LVPWd dan RWT were found to be relatively similar among both groups. Evaluation of MR grade revealed that the captopril group showed the lower value of MR VC, MR EROA, and MR regurgitant volume, as well. Conclusion: Pediatric rheumatic MR receiving ACE inhibitors revealed smaller LVIDd, lower LVMI, lower MR grade, higher FS, and higher LVEF compared to patients receiving no ACE inhibitors.
Perencanaan Tata Ruang sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Pembangunan Kota Berkelanjutan (Studi Analisis Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota Mojokerto)
Authors: Adianti Shelly Yunita
Published: April 2021

The social and environmental conditions in Mojokerto city have decreased and marked by several things, namely pollution due to the burden of emissions, not optimal public transport, not optimal management of the informal sector, the conversion of land. This study focuses on assessing the ability of the substance of spatial urban planning in Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) of Mojokerto city to realize sustainable city development. The concept of a sustainable city is used to identify and criticize the RTRW of Mojokerto city, based on 5E criteria (Economy, Equity, Ecology, Engagement, and Energy). Stakeholders have a lot of influence in the formulation of the substance of spatial urban planning, so 5E criteria for criticizing the RTRW is reviewed through the stakeholders' perspective.
Perceived Facilitators of and Barriers to Implementation of a Decision Support Tool for Adolescent Depression and Suicidality Screening: Focus Group and Interview Study
Authors: Radovic Ana , Anderson Nathan , Hamm Megan , George-Milford Brandie , Fascetti Carrie , Engster Stacey , Lindhiem Oliver
Published: April 2021

Background

Screening Wizard (SW) is a technology-based decision support tool aimed at guiding primary care providers (PCPs) to respond to depression and suicidality screens in adolescents. Separate screens assess adolescents’ and parents’ reports on mental health symptoms, treatment preferences, and potential treatment barriers. A detailed summary is provided to PCPs, also identifying adolescent-parent discrepancies. The goal of SW is to enhance decision-making to increase the utilization of evidence-based treatments.

Objective

This qualitative study aims to describe multi-stakeholder perspectives of adolescents, parents, and providers to understand the potential barriers to the implementation of SW.

Methods

We interviewed 11 parents and 11 adolescents and conducted two focus groups with 18 health care providers (PCPs, nurses, therapists, and staff) across 2 pediatric practices. Participants described previous experiences with screening for depression and were shown a mock-up of SW and asked for feedback. Interviews and focus groups were transcribed verbatim, and codebooks were inductively developed based on content. Transcripts were double coded, and disagreements were adjudicated to full agreement. Completed coding was used to produce thematic analyses of the interviews and focus groups.

Results

We identified five main themes across the interviews and focus groups: parents, adolescents, and pediatric PCPs agree that depression screening should occur in pediatric primary care; there is concern that accurate self-disclosure does not always occur during depression screening; SW is viewed as a tool that could facilitate depression screening and that might encourage more honesty in screening responses; parents, adolescents, and providers do not want SW to replace mental health discussions with providers; and providers want to maintain autonomy in treatment decisions.

Conclusions

We identified that providers, parents, and adolescents are all concerned with current screening practices, mainly regarding inaccurate self-disclosure. They recognized value in SW as a computerized tool that may elicit more honest responses and identify adolescent-parent discrepancies. Surprisingly, providers did not want the SW report to include treatment recommendations, and all groups did not want the SW report to replace conversations with the PCP about depression. Although SW was originally developed as a treatment decision algorithm, this qualitative study has led us to remove this component, and instead, SW focuses on aspects identified as most useful by all groups. We hope that this initial qualitative work will improve the future implementation of SW.
Effect of Oral Contraceptive Pills on Oxidative Stress in Saudi women
Authors: Osman Nadia N. , Al-Mutairi Dalal Mhammed
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral contraceptive pills on oxidative stress in Saudi women.

Methods: A total of fifty-five Saudi women were divided into two groups: users of oral contraceptive pills (OCP, N=30) for at least one year and non-users (NOCP, N=25). The demographic data were obtained through face-to-face interviews performed by the researcher. Blood specimen from both groups were drawn after 8 hours of fasting to estimate serum Total antioxidant (TAOC), Nitric oxide (NO), C-reactive protein (CRP), vitamins (E, B6, B12) and some hematological parameters: hemoglobin (Hb), Red blood cell (RBC), White blood cell (WBC).

Results: The results showed a significant decreased in serum TAOC, NO, vitamins E and B6 accompanied with high significant increase in CRP level while no significant changes B12, HB, RBC and WBC were observed in the OCP users as compared to the control group.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the use of OCP resulted in low levels of the total antioxidant, nitric oxide, vitamin E, and B6 with a significant increase in CRP. Women who used OCP may be more susceptible to oxidative stress by enhanced depletion of antioxidants.
HUBUNGAN INTERAKSI EDUKATIF DENGAN MINAT BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS TINGGI DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH POLANHARJO KLATEN TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Ariastuti Bekti Ayu
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) interaksi edukatif kelas tinggi dalam kegiatan pembelajaran matematika; 2) minat belajar matematika siswa kelas tinggi; 3) hubungan antara interaksi edukatif dengan minat belajar matematika siswa kelas tinggi  di SD Muhammadiyah Polanharjo Klaten Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan analisis korelasional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Muhammadiyah Polanharjo Klaten pada Semester Genap Tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas tinggi di SD Muhammadiyah Polanharjo sejumlah 88 siswa. Sampel sejumlah 72 siswa yang dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus slovin dengan taraf kesalahan 5%. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan instrument angket yang telah diuji validitas dan reabilitasnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa 1) Tingkat interaksi edukatif termasuk kedalam kategori baik yaitu sebesar 57%; 2) Minat belajar matematika siswa diperoleh persentase 65 % dengan kategori baik; 3) Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi dengan rhitung = 0,509, rtabel = 0,227, maka diperoleh rhitung rtabel. Maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif antara interaksi edukatif dengan minat belajar matematika siswa kelas tinggi di SD Muhammadiyah Polanharjo Klaten tahun pelajaran 2019/2020.
Variability of tree transpiration across three zones in a southeastern U.S. Piedmont watershed
Authors: Boggs Johnny , Sun Ge , Domec Jean-Christophe , McNulty Steven
Published: April 2021

Quantifying species-specific tree transpiration across watershed zones
is important for estimating watershed evapotranspiration (ET) and
predicting drought effects on vegetation. The objectives of this study
are to 1) assess sap flux density (Js) and tree-level transpiration (Ts)
across three contrasting zones (riparian buffer, mid-hillslope, and
upland-hillslope), 2) determine how species-specific Js responds to
vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and 3) compare watershed-level
transpiration (Tw) derived from each zone. We measured Js and Ts in
eight tree species in the three zones in a 12-ha forested watershed. In
the dry year of 2015, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), Virginia pine (Pinus
virginiana), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) Js rates were
significantly higher in the buffer when compared to the other two zones.
In contrast, Js in tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and red maple
(Acer rubrum) were significantly lower in the buffer than in the
mid-hillslope. Daily Ts varied by zone and ranged from 10 to 93 liters
in the dry year and 9 to 122 liters in the wet year. Js responded
nonlinearly to VPD in all trees and zones. Annual Tw based on scaled-Js
data was 447 mm, 377 mm, and 340 mm for the buffer, mid-hillslope, and
upland-hillslope, respectively. We conclude that large spatial
variability in Js and scaled Tw were driven by differences in soil
moisture at each zone and forest composition. Consequently, spatial
heterogeneity of vegetation and soil moisture must be considered when
accurately quantifying watershed level ET.
DIFERENTES EFEITOS DOS VÍNCULOS POLÍTICOS E DE BENEFÍCIOS FISCAIS NA GERAÇÃO DE VALOR ADICIONADO
Authors: Einsweiller André Carlos , Bau Dal Magro Cristian , Mazzioni Sady
Published: April 2021

O estudo tem o objetivo de verificar se os vínculos políticos influenciam os benefícios fiscais e os seus diferentes efeitos na geração de valor adicionado de companhias listadas na B3. A amostra da pesquisa compreendeu 288 empresas brasileiras listadas na B3, totalizando 1.092 observações, no período de 2014 a 2017. Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizado dados em painel com efeitos fixos de setor e ano pela correção de white com uso do software STATA®. Os resultados sugerem que as empresas com conexão política e board interlocking pela expertise política intensificam o uso de benefícios fiscais. Por outro lado, empresas com conexão política apresentam menor geração de valor adicionado, enquanto aquelas que utilizam benefícios fiscais, mas não possuem conexões políticas, apresentaram maior geração de valor adicionado. Os resultados contribuem ao alertar os gestores, investidores e governo sobre os efeitos maléficos das conexões políticas na geração de valor adicionado, mesmo quando existe a utilização de benefícios fiscais, o qual, deveria melhorar a geração de valor adicionado às partes interessadas. Isso se comprovou pela influência direta dos benefícios fiscais na geração de valor adicionado. Para que as organizações alcancem uma geração de valor adicionado compatível com as aspirações do governo na oferta de benefícios fiscais, se torna necessário o adequado investimento dos recursos pelas empresas e o monitoramento dos interesses particulares dos indivíduos com vínculos políticos, que estão no conselho de administração e/ou são acionistas com participação relevante no capital.
VALOR JUSTO DAS COMMODITIES AGRÍCOLAS COMO DETERMINANTE DO LUCRO LÍQUIDO DAS COMPANHIAS ABERTAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Lerner Arthur Frederico , Machado Vanessa Noguez , Vendruscolo Maria Ivanice , Victor Fernanda Gomes
Published: April 2021

O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar como a volatilidade dos resultados anuais das companhias abertas brasileiras é influenciada pela oscilação do preço das commodities agrícolas. A amostra é composta por 26 companhias abertas com ações negociadas na Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão [B]³ que apresentavam saldo na conta de Ativos Biológicos, tanto no curto quanto no longo prazos. Os dados, analisados ao longo de nove anos (2010 a 2018), foram agrupados em categorias e tratados estatisticamente, por meio de dados em painel com série temporal empilhada. O preço de algumas commodities - como algodão, suínos, aves e trigo – apresentam influência sobre a volatilidade dos resultados anuais das companhias, de modo que sua volatilidade se mostra significativamente atrelada à avaliação mais acurada do valor da empresa. Assim, o estudo contribui para a sinalização dos preços das commodities agrícolas ao mercado e sua influência na volatilidade dos lucros, de modo a otimizar a tomada de decisão de investidores e gestores, evitando perdas e auxiliando no desenvolvimento de estratégias quantitativas para a rentabilidade de seus ativos.