bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Benefits of Inquiry-Based Learning in Physics
Authors: Bogador Christine Joy , Camarao Michael Kennedy G. , Matunding Charlotte G. , Sombria Khezel Jean F.
Published: August 2024

This qualitative research study investigates the experiences of Grade 12 STEM students in inquiry-based learning in physics at a private high school in Central Mindanao. The study aims to understand the challenges and benefits of this teaching approach, considering factors such as gender, academic performance, and prior exposure to inquiry-based learning (IBL). The study involved ten students who were selected through purposive sampling. The data were collected through one-on-one interviews. The findings reveal that the most challenging experience students faced in inquiry-based learning are problem-solving, lecture and laboratory activities, and theoretical concepts. Meanwhile, the benefits of IBL include collaborative learning, interactive discussions, and enhanced interest in learning. Most students preferred hands-on learning, while few preferred auditory and visual learning. The study suggests that development in IBL can be made based on students' challenges and learning styles, and the benefits that they can get from the approach in a supportive learning environment.
Predictive Models of Construction Project Success Rating Using Regression and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Tamayo Clyde L. , Famadico Jerome Jordan F.
Published: August 2024

This research addresses the gap in comprehensive predictive models for construction project success rating by exploring the potential of regression models to evaluate project success rating. By analyzing 130 datasets from the National Capital Region, the study utilizes Support Vector Regression (SVR), Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with a 22-30-1 configuration (22 input neurons, 30 neurons in a single hidden layer, and 1 output neuron). The input variables represent critical success factors rated on a scale of 1-5, while the output variable represents the predicted project success percentage rating. Various statistical tools, including ANOVA, Lasso Regression, R², MAE, and MSE, are utilized for evaluation. The findings reveal that SVR achieved the highest accuracy (R² = 0.881, MAE = 2.172, MSE = 7.054), followed closely by MLR (R² = 0.874, MAE = 2.180, MSE = 7.470), while ANN (R² = 0.743, MAE = 3.076, MSE = 15.239) may require refinement. Lasso Regression identified 22 critical success factors, with Financial Condition, Effectiveness in Decision-Making, and Compliance to Quality Standards ranking as the top three. This research contributes to the advancement of construction predictive analytics, which can lead to improved decision-making and more efficient, effective, and ethical construction practices.
Mock Board and Customs Broker Licensure Examination Performance of a Select Higher Education Institution: A Predictive-Correlational Approach
Authors: Dante Jr Julian M , Gutierrez Ernell Bautista , Doyo Joan R. , Cristobal Charito S.
Published: August 2024

Board courses have been highlighted in all higher education institutions regardless of the program. Most education institutions, if not all, are using board performance as one of their marketing strategies to attract more enrollees, and the customs administration is not an exception. Thus, this study is conducted to determine whether mock board performance is associated with licensure examination performance and if it can predict such. The study utilized thirty-six (36) takers from 2021 – 2023. Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test of 2-independent Sample is used and determined that data are normally distributed with significance values greater than 0.05. On the other hand, Spearman-Rank Correlation is used and determined that Performance in the Mock Board Examination is directly related to the Performance in the Customs Broker Licensure Examination with significance values less than 0.05. On the other hand, simple regression is used and determined that performance in the mock board examination is a determinant for the performance in the licensure examination obtaining probability values of less than 0.05.
Dialogic Discussion as a Platform for Building Speaking and Vocabulary Skills
Authors: Ramos Allan Paul S.
Published: August 2024

The study explored (1) the most common speaking and vocabulary problems of 12 senior high students; (2) the implementation of 3 ESL teachers of dialogic discussion to address the identified students’ problems; (3) the improvement of students; and (4) the insights and implications of the intervention. Using a qualitative mosaic approach, the study used field notes and conversations with students and teachers. During preliminary data collection, it was found that the students’ speaking and vocabulary problems comprised fluency and accuracy issues, language function deficiencies, negative affective state, and poor classroom atmosphere. To address these problems, the three teachers implemented five dialogic discussion sessions. The implementation characterizes structure, scaffolding, and socialization. For students, the sessions helped them increase their confidence and speaking skills. These findings suggest that dialogic discussion may function as a platform engendering processes such as agency, exploration, and enhancement. The study recommends actions for teachers and future researchers.
Factors Influencing Consumers to Purchase Cultured Mushrooms
Authors: Divina Marklynne R. , Rodiris Lord Jan T.
Published: August 2024

The popularity of mushroom cultivation in the Philippines can be attributed to its minimal input demands, driving its increasing adoption across various sectors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to ascertain how product quality, social influence, and market accessibility influenced the purchase intention of cultured mushroom consumers. The study also investigated product quality, social influence, market accessibility, and purchase intention. It employed descriptive and correlational study designs, with 165 consumers in the first district of Ilocos Sur serving as respondents. To choose the study participants, it used the convenience sampling technique. A questionnaire that the researcher constructed was used to collect the data. The findings indicated that product quality, social influence, and market accessibility influence the purchase intention of consumers. Finally, to optimize sales, market reach, and market visibility, this study offered recommendations for cultured mushroom growers in the first district of Ilocos Sur.
The Mobile Phone use of Senior High School Learners
Authors: Fernandez Maricris R. , Dimla Amirah O. , Ocampo Leslie Jane F. , Cabrera Tracy McGrady S. , Mamangun Laura M. , Dela Cruz Janice Angel C. , Dela Rosa Rambel Joseph G. , Dominado Noel L.
Published: August 2024

The information gathered from one of the secondary public schools in Cluster 1, Division of Pampanga's senior high schools for the academic year 2023–2024, the study looked at how the students used their phones. The study investigates the relationship between students' screen addiction and factors such as stress levels, physical activity levels, and lack of self-control. Through this discovery, an intervention plan is being developed by the researchers to effectively encourage senior high school students to balance their mobile phone usage. Approximately, 643 senior high learners from both levels participated in the study on the value of mobile phone usage among mobile phone users (MPUs).A mixed-method sequential explanatory design was used. According to the study, students who use screens excessively are more likely to experience stress, obsessive behavior, and a loss of self-control, among other negative consequences. On the contrary, physical activity is associated with lower stress levels among individuals. This study reveals senior high school students experience anxiety, eating problems, and smartphone addiction, impacting their behavior and mental health. Furthermore, the study found a correlation between stress levels and exercise and screen addiction. This connection may be the result of the study emphasizing the detrimental effects of excessive mobile phone use on the physical and emotional well-being of seniors in high school. Additionally, this study recommends managing digital resources, encouraging everyday life contacts, and encouraging a balanced approach to cell phone usage. Thus, the study highlights the significance of finding a balance between personal health and technology used to enhance student's educational experiences and quality of life. To enhance their academic performance and mental health, students should be taught about the dangers of excessive mobile phone usage, encouraged to practice personal wellness, and given preventative steps to follow.
Comissão de Pesquisa e Inovação na Escola de Educação Física e Esporte da USP
Authors: Carbinatto Michele Viviene , Fernandes Tiago , Furtado Otávio Luis Piva da Cunha , Franchini Emerson
Published: August 2024

A criação de um setor específico dedicado à pesquisa na atual Escola de Educação Física e Esporte da Universidade de São Paulo (EEFE-USP) data de 1981, conforme a Portaria nº 26/81, estabelecendo seu primeiro grupo  de  trabalho. Com base no levantamento de documentos oficiais da EEFE-USP - tais como atas, anais de eventos científicos, relatórios anuais de comissões e departamentais, além da análise de dados do Sistema Atena/USP, Biblioteca Virtual da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) e diversas bases de dados, este artigo explora aspectos históricos, atividades regulares e desafios da Comissão de Pesquisa e Inovação (CPqI) da EEFE-USP. A análise, sistematização e avaliação dos programas de iniciação científica e pós-doutorado emergem como focos centrais da Comissão, assim como a organização de eventos que promovem o acesso, discussão e interação entre profissionais de diferentes áreas do conhecimento. A produção científica da EEFE-USP tem sido marcante na história do país, especialmente até meados da década de 2000, quando uma parte significativa da produção na área de Ciências do Esporte originava-se da USP. Adicionalmente, no período de 2013 a 2024, observa-se um notável aumento no número de bolsistas de produtividade da unidade. Internacionalmente, pesquisadores e egressos da graduação e pós-graduação da EEFE-USP estão entre os mais citados na lista de 2023 na área de Ciências do Esporte. O desenvolvimento tecnológico, incluindo novos sistemas de informação, redes sociais e inteligência artificial, representa desafios significativos para a condução da pesquisa e para o funcionamento da Comissão.
Percepções dos hóspedes de Airbnb pós-experiência: indicadores e variáveis que compõem a satisfação
Authors: Mafra Kennedy Kaufummam Costa , Scrivano Pedro , Cavalcante Islaine Cristiane Oliveira Gonçalves da Silva , Ferreira Lissa Valéria Fernandes
Published: August 2024

With the advancement of technology, numerous companies have emerged while traditional businesses have had to adapt to the digital era, transforming into digital enterprises. Airbnb, a company in the hospitality sector, was founded in 2007 and quickly became active in the tourism sphere, changing and innovating the way people travel. The main objective of this research is to analyze the elements that compose the satisfaction of Airbnb consumers, with the proposal to develop a model to understand and assess this satisfaction. The methods employed consist of a qualitative and quantitative exploratory-descriptive research, using the Iramuteq software to analyze the textual corpus extracted from the Airbnb site. A total of 242 comments were collected from the years 2021 to 2023, in accommodations located in São Paulo (84), Gramado (106), and Pipa (52), which met the established criteria. The results indicate compositional elements of the consumer experience, including costs, lodging quality, and communication with the host, in addition to the importance of the match between what is advertised and what is experienced by the tourist. Scientifically, the proposal of a model to gauge satisfaction on Airbnb may benefit future research. Socially, it is believed that the research contributes to the socioeconomic development of the country, continuing studies in the line of consumer behavior.
Patrimônio industrial desmistifica lendas da Segunda Guerra: uma nova história para o turismo
Authors: Becker Shyarra Roberta Robl , Rossini Diva de Mello , Tricárico Luciano Torres
Published: August 2024

El patrimonio industrial remanente puede revelar pasados ocultos. La interfaz entre Turismo y Patrimonio, siendo material e inmaterial, está latente en esta investigación. La investigación reconstruye la trayectoria de una industria química en Santa Catarina, Brasil, cuya historia fue parte de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Esta reconstitución dialoga con cuestiones a revisar, como los mitos generados, las distancias culturales de la época y los sentimientos de nacionalismo. La Guerra de Ucrania (inició en 2022) trajo consigo miradas a la destrucción del patrimonio cultural que forma parte de la memoria de generaciones, este evento refuerza la necesidad del estudio relacionado con el patrimonio turístico e histórico para obtener, además de su preservación, registros históricos de sus legados. El objetivo de este artículo se centró en la importancia de la memoria para incrementar el atractivo turístico del patrimonio industrial. Como resultado, el artículo permite revisitar la cultura germano-brasileña del sur de Brasil y también desmitificar las leyendas nazis.
Autonomic Nervous System: A Therapeutic Target for Cardiac End-Organ Damage in Hypertension
Authors: Gottlieb Lisa A. , Mahfoud Felix , Stavrakis Stavros , Jespersen Thomas , Linz Dominik
Published: August 2024

More than 1.5 billion people worldwide have arterial hypertension. Hypertension increases the risks of death and cardiovascular disease, such as atrial fibrillation and heart failure. The autonomic nervous system plays an essential role in hypertension development and disease progression. While lifestyle factors, such as obesity and obstructive sleep apnea, predispose to hypertension by increasing sympathetic activity, hypertension itself maintains the autonomic nervous imbalance, providing the substrate for atrial fibrillation and heart failure. Therefore, autonomic nervous system modulation either by direct targeting or indirect treatment of comorbidities has the potential to treat both hypertension and related atrial and ventricular end-organ damage. We discuss interventions for the modulation of the autonomic nervous system for hypertension and related cardiac end-organ damage, including pharmacological adrenergic beta-receptor blockade, renal denervation, carotid baroreceptor stimulation, low-level vagal stimulation, and ablation of ganglionated plexuses. In summary, the literature suggests that targeting the autonomic nervous system potentially represents a therapeutic approach to prevent atrial and ventricular end-organ damage in patients with hypertension. However, clinical trials specifically designed to test the effect of autonomic modulation on hypertension-mediated cardiac end-organ damage are scarce.
Podoscypha ahuensis sp. nov. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) evidenced by the morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses
Authors: SHEN SHAN , ZHANG CAI-WEN , ZHANG BAO-WEI
Published: August 2024

Using multiple lines of evidence, namely, morphological features and molecular evidence, we propose a new wood-inhabiting fungus, Podoscypha ahuensis. The species is characterized by its smooth, salmon to flesh pink or buff yellowish pileal surface, distinct swollen gloeocystidia, and the presence of pilocystidia and caulocystidia. Additionally, its basidiospores are ellipsoid and thin-walled (4.2–6.5 × 3–4.5 μm). We discovered this fungus on angiosperms in subtropical China. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA (nLSU) gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed using the maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. Phylogenetic analyses based on the molecular data of ITS + nLSU sequences showed that P. ahuensis belonged to the Podoscypha, which, in turn, belongs to the family podoscyphaceae and is nested in the resudial clade. Further investigation was performed on more representative taxa in the Podoscypha based on ITS + nLSU sequences, the results of which demonstrated that the species P. ahuensis formed a monophyletic lineage with a strong support [99% BS, 1.00 BPP, 97% BP] and then grouped with P. brasiliensis and P. tropica.
The Dark Side of Legalism: Abuse of the Law and Democratic Erosion in Argentina, Ecuador, and Venezuela
Authors: Holgado Benjamin Garcia , Urribarri Raúl Sánchez
Published: August 2024

Why do some elected leaders use legalistic strategies to undermine democracy from within? And under what conditions do they succeed in the use of these strategies? In this article, we argue that the abuse of law is at the center of the toolkit of emerging autocrats. Executives use an ample menu of legal tools and mechanisms (laws, constitutional amendments, executive decrees, administrative resolutions, and regulations by federal agencies) to gradually dismantle each of the components of liberal democracy. We show how the co-optation of the judiciary by the executive helps create an appearance of institutional normalcy that enhances regime legitimacy. In an era of democratic backsliding, executives capture or coerce judiciaries to neutralize opposition threats, carry out their policy agenda, secure and distribute benefits among allies, and dismantle various components that make up liberal democracies. To understand how executives have different levels of success in using multiple legal tools and mechanisms to undermine democracy, we compare three Latin American countries with disparate regime trajectories: Argentina, Ecuador, and Venezuela. Our paper situates judicial actors at the center of the legal toolkit of emerging autocrats by studying how (and in what ways) courts become illiberal tools for legal reform and implementation to dismantle liberal democracy gradually. We show how, in these cases, “legal narratives” are used to legitimize the slow undermining of democratic rule.
Epoxy resin reinforced with carbonized chicken feathers: An innovative composite material with sustainable potentials
Authors: Talabi Segun I , Oladipo Wonders , Odetoyinbo Iyanuoluwa , Phadatare Akash , Elyas Sana , Vaidya Uday , Hassen Ahmed A
Published: August 2024

This article explores a novel method for enhancing the mechanical properties of epoxy resin composites by incorporating carbonized chicken feathers as a filler material. The fabrication process involves carbonizing chicken feathers at 600°C and incorporating 5-10 wt% of the fillers into an epoxy matrix. The composites showed enhanced mechanical properties and samples containing 10 wt% filler exhibit the best properties. The performance corresponds to 49% increase in tensile strength, 16% rise in Young’s modulus, 40% improvement in flexural modulus, and 57% in flexural strength. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy were employed to characterize the filler. This characterization provides valuable insights into the structure and chemical composition of the pulverized carbonized chicken feathers that contributed to the attained improvement in composites’ properties. Microstructural examination of the developed composite under scanning electron microscope also provides insights into matrix-filler interface and dispersion of the fillers within the composite matrix. The study not only highlights the unique combination of carbonized feathers’ inherent strength and compatibility with the epoxy matrix but also underscores the eco-friendly nature of utilizing agricultural waste. The findings suggest promising applications in industries demanding lightweight, high-strength materials, which can contribute to sustainable engineering solutions.
Supraspinatus Tendon Reconstruction Versus the Bridging Technique in a Rat Model: Histological, Biomechanical, and Functional Outcomes
Authors: Liao Yatao , Wang Jun , Zhou Zhou , Tang Bowen , Li Huaisheng , Mu Yuexi , Nie Mao , Yu Sai , Zhou Binghua
Published: August 2024

Background:

Massive irreparable rotator cuff tears (MIRCTs) are among the most challenging shoulder conditions to treat surgically. Supraspinatus tendon reconstruction (STR) is a recently introduced technique for MIRCTs based on fascia lata-muscle interface healing, which completely differs from the classic bridging technique with fascia lata-tendon interface healing. However, histological and biomechanical comparisons of the fascia-muscle and fascia-tendon interfaces have not been performed.

Purpose:

To investigate the histological and biomechanical healing of the fascia-bone interface and fascia-muscle interface after chronic MIRCTs in a rat model using different surgical methods.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

The authors established a chronic MIRCT model in the right shoulder of rats and then repaired it using the STR or bridging repair technique. Evaluations were performed at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, including histological, imaging, biomechanical, and functional analyses.

Results:

Both techniques resulted in good fascia-bone interface healing based on the histological results. The STR group had significantly more cartilage formation at 8 and 12 weeks and higher Modified Tendon Maturity Score after 12 weeks at the fascia-bone interface compared with the bridging repair group and formed the typical 4-layered structure. Collagen fibers in the fascia-muscle and fascia-tendon interfaces exhibited normal muscle-tendon interface characteristics at 12 weeks. However, the STR group had more improvement in fatty infiltration compared with the bridging repair group. The ultimate failure load and stiffness did not differ between the STR and bridging repair groups 4 weeks postoperatively in both the fascia-bone interface and supraspinatus muscle-fascia-bone integrity. Movement distance and grasp time were significantly longer in the STR group than in the bridging repair group at 12 weeks and attached the level in the normal control groups.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that the fascia-muscle interface from the STR technique is histologically and functionally better than the fascia-tendon interface. Moreover, this study provides a theoretical basis for the clinical use of the STR technique.

Clinical Relevance:

The fascia-muscle interface and fascia-tendon interface were the key points of the STR and bridging techniques, respectively. The fascia-muscle interface is histologically and functionally superior to the bridging technique, and the STR technique might be a better choice for the treatment of MIRCTs.
Approaching collaboration in primary care differently: Exploring boundaries and boundary objects
Authors: Walsh Monique
Published: August 2024

In recent primary care policy, collaboration is often understood as an outcome, such as the delivery of team-based care or an integrated health system. This outcome-based understanding of collaboration in policy has proven challenging to achieve in practice. This article introduces the concepts of constructing boundaries and boundary objects used in other disciplines, to support our understanding of collaboration by observing the collaborative process. Multiple methods, such as semi-structured interviews, discourse analysis, and member-checking, were used to compare primary care collaborations across three distinct time periods during the onset of COVID-19 within Interior British Columbia. Data analysis revealed the changing nature of boundaries and boundary objects, providing insights into the collaborative process. Through the exploration of boundaries and boundary objects, this article provides a way to approach collaboration in practice differently. By better understanding the process of collaboration, this research could potentially improve collaborative outcomes.
Mobility and sexually transmitted infections: Exploring intersectional axes of alcohol consumption and risky sexual behavior among Indian men
Authors: Paul Pintu , Chandra Rakesh
Published: August 2024

Objective

Studies in India and other low-income countries find an inconsistent association between mobility/migration and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men. This study comprehensively examined the association between mobility and STIs among men in India. It also assessed heterogeneous associations of mobility, alcohol consumption, and risky sexual behavior with STIs using interaction analysis.

Methods

We utilized a sample of 71,128 sexually active men aged 15-54 years from the 2019-21 National Family Health Survey-5. Binary logistic regression models were employed to study the associations.

Results

Among the study participants, 16% were mobile and away from home for a month or more in the last 12 months. Around 29% of men reported alcohol consumption and 6% had risky sexual behavior (sexual intercourse with a non-marital/non-cohabitating partner). Regression results suggest that mobility (AOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.29-1.55 [short-duration]; AOR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.77-2.13 [long-duration]) and alcohol consumption (AOR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.24-1.40) were significantly associated with an increased risk of STIs, even after controlling for socio-demographic covariates. Interaction analysis further reveals that mobile men who consumed alcohol and engaged in risky sexual behavior had a significantly higher likelihood of contracting an STI—twice as high in cases of short-duration mobility and three times higher in cases of long-duration mobility.

Conclusion

Our study indicates that both short and long-duration mobility are significantly associated with an increased risk of STIs among men. Alcohol consumption and risky sexual behavior further exacerbate the risk of STIs in mobile men. Initiatives for STI/HIV prevention among men must pay particular attention to temporary mobile men for both short and long durations.
Metabolic syndrome risk prediction in an Australian sample with first-episode psychosis using the psychosis metabolic risk calculator: A validation study
Authors: Teasdale Scott B , Ardill-Young Oliver , Morell Rachel , Ward Philip B , Khandaker Golam M , Upthegrove Rachel , Curtis Jackie , Perry Benjamin I
Published: August 2024

Objective

To examine the accuracy and likely clinical usefulness of the Psychosis Metabolic Risk Calculator (PsyMetRiC) in predicting up-to six-year risk of incident metabolic syndrome in an Australian sample of young people with first-episode psychosis.

Method

We conducted a retrospective study at a secondary care early psychosis treatment service among people aged 16-35 years, extracting relevant data at the time of antipsychotic commencement and between one-to-six-years later. We assessed algorithm accuracy primarily via discrimination (C-statistic), calibration (calibration plots) and clinical usefulness (decision curve analysis). Model updating and recalibration generated a site-specific (Australian) PsyMetRiC version.

Results

We included 116 people with baseline and follow-up data: 73% male, mean age 20.1 years, mean follow-up 2.6 years, metabolic syndrome prevalence 13%. C-statistics for both partial- (C = 0.71, 95% CI 0.64–0.75) and full-models (C = 0.72, 95% CI 0.65–0.77) were acceptable; however, calibration plots demonstrated consistent under-prediction of risk. Recalibration and updating led to slightly improved C-statistics, greatly improved agreement between observed and predicted risk, and a narrow window of likely clinical usefulness improved significantly.

Conclusion

An updated and recalibrated PsyMetRiC model, PsyMetRiC-Australia, shows promise. Validation in a large sample is required to confirm its accuracy and clinical usefulness for the Australian population.
The Pop-Out Effect of Rarer Occurring Stimuli Shapes the Effectiveness of AI Explainability
Authors: Pithayarungsarit Pawinee , Rieger Tobias , Onnasch Linda , Roesler Eileen
Published: August 2024

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is proposed to improve transparency and performance by providing information about AI’s limitations. Specifically, XAI could support appropriate behavior in cases where AI errors occur due to less training data. These error-prone cases might be salient (pop-out) because of their naturally rarer occurrence. The current study investigated how this pop-out effect influences explainability’s effectiveness on trust and dependence. In an online experiment, participants ( N  = 128) estimated the contamination degree of bacterial stimuli. The lower occurrence of error-prone stimuli was indicated by one of two colors. Participants either knew about the error-prone color (XAI) or not (nonXAI). Contrary to earlier research without salient error-prone trials, explainability did not help participants follow correct recommendations in non-error-prone trials but helped them correct AI’s errors in error-prone trials. However, explainability still led to over-correction in correct error-prone trials. This poses the challenge of implementing explainability while mitigating its negative effects.
Development of a Human and Technology Integration Methodology That Enables Work Optimization at Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Kovesdi Casey R. , Spangler Ryan , Murray Patrick , Mohon Jeremy
Published: August 2024

The existing United States nuclear power plants are in need of modernization of digital technologies to reduce their operating cost. However, they have been historically reluctant to adopt digital technologies due to a range of regulatory and technical challenges. Addressing human and technology integration considerations are one key technical barrier that needs to be addressed. This work describes an approach to addressing such challenges in nuclear power plant modernization. This work describes the methodology through the lens of work optimization of a nuclear power plant, discussing its key features, and use of emerging systems thinking methods in its integration into a broader business case framework.
High-Fidelity Worker Motion Simulation With Generative AI
Authors: Macwan Neel , Hude Atharva Jitendra , Iyer Hari , Jeong Heejin , Guo Shenghan
Published: August 2024

Worker motion simulation synthesizes human movements in specific work scenarios to analyze behavior and assess performance, offering a cost- effective way to evaluate safety and productivity. However, existing studies struggle with high fidelity and precision. Recent advances in Generative AI enhance motion simulation. This study integrates ChatGPT and MotionGPT AI models to generate high-fidelity motions for tasks like lifting objects with the non-dominant hand or walking five steps to the right. To improve accuracy, ChatGPT-generated guidance was aligned with MotionGPT’s training vocabulary. By analyzing the HumanML3D dataset, a JSON file of word frequencies was created to adjust input prompts to match the training data’s patterns. This strategy mitigates out-of-distribution issues, refining MotionGPT’s accuracy. Simulated motions were validated against real human motions using computer vision-based video analysis. By comparing body landmarks, we quantitatively improved fidelity. This study advances AI-aided worker motion simulation and provides a new method for AI performance evaluation in industrial settings.
Effects of Chronic Stress and Acute Stress on Driving Performance
Authors: Oliver Myriam , DeLucia Patricia R. , Fagundes Christopher P.
Published: August 2024

The current study examines whether chronic stress due to spousal caregiving, compounded by acute stress, affects driving performance. Ten spousal caregivers completed the 12-item Zarit Burden Interview to assess caregiver burden level. Acute stress was manipulated by having participants complete the Trier Social Stress Test or a control task. Participants then used a driving simulator to complete a car-following (CF) task alone or concurrently with either a divided attention (DA) task, a backward counting (BC) task, or both. They also performed the DA task while driving without car-following requirements. Car-following measures, such as modulus and delay, and vehicle control measures such as standard deviation of lateral position were recorded. Participants also completed the Attention Network Task and the Useful Field of View (UFOV) task. Results indicated that caregiver burden level and acute stress did not degrade driving performance.
Study on the Mutation of FⅨ Gene in 31 Patients with Type B Hemophilia
Authors: Liu Danjuan , Guo Rongjie , Chen Min , Shi Bingbing , Weng Junting , Fu Zhifang
Published: August 2024

Hemophilia B (HB) is an inherited bleeding disorder caused by defects in the FⅨ gene, leading to severe coagulation dysfunction. This study designed eight pairs of primers covering eight exons of the FⅨ gene and used PCR and DNA sequencing to detect FⅨ gene mutations in 31 HB patients. Sequencing results were compared with normal sequences using Chromas software on Blast to identify mutation sites. Findings revealed the CpG dinucleotide region as a mutation hotspot and the 192nd nucleotide (FⅨ192) as a dinucleotide polymorphism site in the Chinese population. Pathogenic mutations included point mutations, deletions, insertions, and mutations affecting amino acids or splicing sites. For cases with only polymorphic sites, further exon sequencing is needed. This study adds new mutation data to the global HB database, supports research on racial differences in FⅨ gene mutations, and contributes to domestic HB statistics. The results aid in understanding the FⅨ gene's role in coagulation, elucidating HB pathogenesis, and providing a basis for future gene therapy.
A Meta-Analysis of Single-Case Research on Technology-Aided Reading Interventions for Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Kim So Yeon , Mason Rose A. , Rispoli Mandy , Davis John L. , Lory Catharine , Gregori Emily , Roberts Carly A. , Whitford Denise , Wang Danni
Published: August 2024

Despite the wide usage of technology in educational settings, the overall evidence base of technology-aided reading interventions for students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has not been fully investigated. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effects of technology-aided reading interventions for students with ASD and determine if participant and intervention characteristics moderate intervention effects. Reviewed articles were systematically identified and evaluated for methodological rigor according to design standards suggested by What Works Clearinghouse (WWC). A total of 13 single-case studies that met the WWC standards (50%) were analyzed for effects using Tau-U and yielded 50 separate effect sizes with 33 participants. Results of this study found a moderate overall effect of .89 (CI95 [.83, .96]) for technology-aided reading interventions, and variables associated with using time delay moderated reading outcomes.
Generalization of Self-Instructional Behaviors to Perform Exercise Routines for Elementary Students With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Shepley Sally B. , Spriggs Amy D. , Samudre Mark , O’Neill Kai M.
Published: August 2024

Exercise is necessary for healthy living, yet individuals with intellectual disability (ID) remain strikingly inactive compared with nondisabled peers. To improve this outcome, individuals with ID can exercise independently by self-instructing. Self-instruction is considered a pivotal skill once it generalizes to untrained stimuli. This study used a multiple probe across participants design to simultaneously evaluate the effects of progressive time delay (PTD) on the acquisition of self-instructional behaviors to perform exercise routines and the generalization of these behaviors for four U.S. elementary students with ID. Generalization was programmed by implementing PTD procedures with two different workout schedules while simultaneously and continuously probing two other workout schedules until mastery. Three of the four participants acquired self-instructional behaviors with their target schedules and generalized these behaviors to two novel schedules resulting in independent performance of 36 untrained exercise behaviors. Results and discussions pertaining to generalization evaluation within single-case designs are described.
StreamingDiversité: Exploring representations within French-language scripted series on Canadian SVOD services
Authors: Boisvert Stéfany
Published: August 2024

Canadian subscription-video-on-demand (SVOD) services have commissioned French-language ‘original’ content to attract local audiences. ICI TOU.TV, Club Illico and Crave have indeed commissioned more than a hundred French-language scripted series, mostly produced in the Quebec province. However, the current state of research only marginally documents these services. Even in Canada, most research focus on US-owned streaming giants such as Netflix and Amazon, thus providing little information on Canadian national SVOD services, and their affordances in terms of storytelling and representation. Current research also completely overlooks French-language original content. This paper therefore discusses the results of the very first research project to specifically focus on the production of original French-language series for Canadian streaming services. After reviewing all original (scripted and unscripted) French-language content available on Canadian-owned SVOD services, a textual analysis of more than 40 scripted series has been conducted, which led to intricate insights regarding prevailing narrative trends and characteristics of main and secondary characters. In so doing, the objective was also to determine the level of diversity included within this so-called original content. In a context characterized by an unprecedented proliferation of scripted series, it indeed becomes crucial to ascertain whether a greater quantity of productions necessarily leads to a greater diversity in representation, that is, the inclusion of a ‘multiplicity of forms’, and an equitable plurality of cultural expressions and identities. This research produced several findings that testify to a significant inclusion of sexual, gender, and racial diversity, as well as a noticeable trend towards intersectional representation. Yet, the analysis also led to identify persistent issues, such as the qualitative marginalization of non-normative characters (queer, BIPOC, with disability, etc.), as they mostly are relegated to supporting roles. These findings therefore call for a nuanced assessment of the ‘progress’ in representation on streaming services.
Safety, feasibility and efficacy of sonothrombolysis with micro boluses of perfluoropropane as a point of care therapy for patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: George Mathen Pratheesh , Krupa Jesu , Samson Nathaniel , Mirza Shohiab , Raja Haynes , Selvaraj Sakthivel , Jose John
Published: August 2024

Background:

Despite advances in timely revascularisation of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, there are several practical and unavoidable delays. Sonothrombolysis (administered during micro boluses of Perfluoropropane) initiated bedside as a point-of-care therapy during the initial evaluation of the patient may potentially mitigate this by producing early culprit vessel revascularisation.

Methods:

This was a prospective, single-centre study on hemodynamically stable patients presenting within 12 hours of a first STEMI who consented for study participation.

Results:

Fifteen patients were recruited over a 1-month period. Eleven were male. Nine patients had anterior wall STEMI and left anterior descending as culprit vessel. There were no significant changes in safety outcomes. Median First Medical Contact (FMC)-Sono time was 12 min (10–15). Median duration of sonothrombolysis was 14 min (12–16). FMC-device time was 97 min (79–128). Six patients had culprit vessel recanalisation before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) which was consistent with the reference rates of therapy-associated recanalisation ( p = 0.535).

Conclusion:

Micro bolus sonothrombolysis maybe safely initiated as a point of care therapy adjunctive to PPCI in hemodynamically stable STEMI patients with reasonable efficacy. Further randomised trials are needed to ascertain its applicability in various geographical and clinical settings.
Examining the Effect of Message Strategies on Peruvian Mothers´ Intentions to Increase Fruit Intake Among Children
Authors: Busse Peter
Published: August 2024

Background

The Peruvian population does not meet the recommended guidelines for daily consumption of fruits and vegetables and, thus, social marketing approaches are needed in order to improve this behavior.

Focus of the Article

The focus of this study was on changing intentions to engage in a recommended health behavior by experimentally testing one component of a social marketing strategy, namely the effect of messages to motivate mothers to increase the fruit consumption of their children.

Research Question

What type of messages, either those communicating the advantages of engaging in the recommended behavior or those communicating the norms about the behavior, are better at increasing mothers’ intentions to give 3 daily fruits to their children?

Importance to the Social Marketing Field

This study identifies methodological steps that can guide future social marketing approaches to test the effect of messages in the area of behavior change.

Methods

A total of 285 mothers completed an online survey with an experiment built in. Mothers were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a gain-framed messages condition, a normative messages condition and a no message condition (control condition) and then answered questions about the dependent variables.

Results

Results showed that exposure to messages communicating information about the advantages of engaging in the behavior increased mothers’ attitudes and intentions to give 3 daily fruits to their children; however, messages communicating information about descriptive norms did not increase mothers’ perceived norms or intentions.

Recommendations for Research or Practice

Social marketing approaches that address low levels of fruit consumption among children can benefit from message strategies that target mothers and that focus on communicating the advantages of giving more fruits to their children.
The Ranch Malibu: Operationalizing Wellness Tourism on TikTok
Authors: Wellman Mariah L. , Germic Eloise
Published: August 2024

To examine how social media influencers aid in the growth of the wellness industry while simultaneously reifying dangerous existing ideologies, we conducted a thematic analysis of TikTok videos created by a social media influencer during her time at a popular wellness tourism retreat known as The Ranch Malibu. In the findings, we outline how wellness tourism discourse promotes extreme dieting, the moralization of health, and elitism, all outcomes in line with previous studies explicating the dangers of both contemporary and historical wellness rhetoric. We argue that the sharing of wellness tourism content on social media platforms results in the spread of dangerous beliefs alongside health misinformation at a much faster pace than in decades prior. Therefore, we encourage communication scholars to examine wellness tourism discourse on social media platforms as a novel research area within the growing fields of digital health communication, rhetoric of health and wellness, and public health.
Examining the Relationship Between Ecological Commitment, Environmental Knowledge, and Farmers’ Nature-Friendly Behavior: Investigating the Moderating Influence of Environmental Legislation
Authors: Wang Wei , Shahbaz Pomi , Aziz Babar , Nadeem Muhammad
Published: August 2024

The increasing concern regarding the degradation of the environment caused by unsustainable agricultural practices necessitates a more comprehensive examination of farmers’ nature-friendly behavior and the influence of environmental legislation on their actions. This study employs face-to-face surveys conducted with a sample of 476 Chinese farmers to investigate the complex relationship between ecological commitment (ECO), environmental knowledge (EKN), the new ecological paradigm (NEP), and ecological behavior (EBH). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used as the analytical approach. The findings indicate that ECO (β = .421, p < .01), EKN (β = .301, p < .01), and NEP (β = .271, p < .01) have statistically significant positive effects on EBH. This research also establishes the moderating role of legal cognition, highlighting the influence of farmers’ understanding of environmental legislation on the connection between their commitment, knowledge, and ecological behavior. The significance of environmental legislation is underscored as a crucial mechanism for regulating and encouraging nature-friendly behavior at farms. This study recommends the implementation of increased awareness strategies and emphasizes the need for local administrations to promote and motivate environmentally sustainable behaviors by improving the legal cognition of farmers as a means to address the issue of environmental degradation due to unsustainable farming behavior.
Foot and Ankle MRI Findings in Asymptomatic Professional Ballet Dancers
Authors: Katakura Mai , Clark Richard , Lee Justin C. , Mitchell Adam W.M. , Shaw Joseph W. , Tsuchida Anika I. , Jones Mary , Kelly Shane , Calder James D.F.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Previous research in sport populations has demonstrated that abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings may be present in individuals without symptoms or known pathology. Extending this understanding to ballet, particularly in relation to the foot and ankle, is important to guide medical advice given to dancers.

Purpose:

To assess foot and ankle MRI scans in asymptomatic ballet dancers focusing on bone marrow edema and the posterior ankle and to investigate whether these MRI findings would become symptomatic within 1 year.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

In total, 31 healthy dancers (62 feet/ankles; 15 male and 16 female; age, 26.5 ± 4.3 years) who were dancing in full capacity were recruited from an elite professional ballet company. Orthogonal 3-plane short tau inversion recovery imaging of both feet and ankles was obtained using 3T MRI and the images were reviewed using a standardized evaluation form by 2 musculoskeletal radiologists. Injuries in the company were recorded and positive MRI findings were assessed for correlation with any injuries requiring medical attention during the subsequent 12 months.

Results:

A total of 51 (82%) of the 62 feet and ankles had ≥1 area of bone marrow edema. The most common locations of bone marrow edema were the talus (n = 41; 66%), followed by first metatarsal (n = 14; 23%). Os trigonum and Stieda process were seen in 5 (8%) and 8 (13%) ankles, respectively. Among them, 2 os trigona showed bone marrow edema. Fluid in the anterior and posterior talocrural joints and the subtalar joint was observed in 48%, 63%, and 63% of these joints, respectively. Fluid around foot and ankle tendons was observed, with the most prevalent being the flexor hallucis longus tendon (n = 13; 21%). Two dancers who had positive findings on their MRI subsequently developed symptoms during the next 12 months.

Conclusion:

Positive MRI findings are commonplace in the foot and ankle of asymptomatic professional ballet dancers. The majority do not result in the development of symptoms requiring medical attention within 12 months. Careful interpretation of MRI findings with the dancer's clinical picture is required before recommending activity modification or further intervention.