bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Application of Feminism in Minangkabau Matrilineal System
Authors: Multhahada Ramadhani Siregar  , Sitti Rahma  , Alemina Br. Perangin-angin
Published: February 2022

This qualitative research is about how Minangkabau people apply feminism in their matrilinealism system. Feminism which is known as an ideology that defends the equality of  right between woman and man in social life when mostly men have the role in many sectors. Minangkabau people believe woman has important role in social life. It can be seen on how they use proverb in their daily life. Proverb is commonly used by Minangkabau people in order to deliver the message or indirect expression in daily activity. This study analyzes  the proverbs which express the role of women in Minangkabau. In this study, the researchers use Haley’s theory on analyzing the proverbs that use metaphor as the figurative language and classifying them into nine types based on the semantic field. The objectives study of this research are (1) to identify Minangkabau proverbs about the role of woman, (2) to identify the types of metaphor in Minangkabau proverbs, (3) to describe feminism that applied in Minangkabau matrilinieal system. This study results feminism also applied in Minangkabau in the matrilinealism system. Minangkabau applies that women have equal right and access to opportunites in the society. However there are three positions that woman is not allowed in Minangkabau, such as Manti (a tribe leader), Malin (a religion leader), and Dubalang (a leader of tribe safety).
Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Menggunakan Komposter Pintar Untuk Mendukung Kemandirian Petani Di Desa Sayur Matua Kecamatan Aek Nabara Barumun Kabupaten Padang Lawas
Authors: Achmad Sadeli  , Tulus Ikhsan Nasution  , Rahmadhani Banurea  , Emma Zaidar  , Adrian Hilman
Published: February 2022

Desa Sayur Matua merupakan desa yang terletak di Kecamatan Aek Nabara, Kabupaten Padang Lawas, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Luas wilayah Kabupaten Padang Lawas berkisar 3.892,74 km2 atau sekitar 5,33% dari luas Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Program Pengabdian Desa Binaan pembuatan pupuk organik dengan komposter pintar dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2020. Metode yang digunakan adalah model participatory rural appraisal, model participatory technology development, model community development, persuasive dan edukatif. Kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan antara lain pemberian komposter dan juga pelatihan pembuatan kompos memanfaatkan kotoran sapi, eceng gondok, jerami padi dan pelepah sawit dengan menggunakan komposter. Kesimpulan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah penggunaan komposter dapat dengan efektif menghasilkan pupuk kompos dengan memanfaatkan limbah di sekitar desa mitra.
Pusat Inkubasi Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Universitas Sumatera Utara
Authors: Emmy Harso Kardhinata  , Buchari
Published: February 2022

Program Pengembangan Kewirausahaan (PPK) bertujuan untuk menciptakan wirausaha baru yang berbasis iptek; meningkatkan jejaring antara kewirausahaan perguruan tinggi dengan masyarakat industri dan lembaga lainnya; dan menciptakan metode pelatihan kewirausahaan yang sesuai bagi mahasiswa. Melalui program ini tim pengusul mengajukan judul Pusat Inkubasi Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Universitas Sumatera Utara. Program ini dilaksanakan selama 3 (tiga) tahun dari tahun 2019 hingga 2021. Pada tahun pertama ini telah dilaksanakan rekrutmen calon tenant PPK. Rekrutmen dilaksanakan melalui proses sosialisasi program ke setiap fakultas, program studi dan organisasi kemahasiswaan baik internal maupun eksternal melalui berbagai media, antara lain brosur, leaflet, surat dan media sosial. Jumlah mahasiswa yang mendaftar sebanyak 156 orang dan yang berhasil lulus 40 mahasiswa calon tenant sesuai persyaratan yang ditentukan. Beberapa program kegiatan dan pelatihan telah diberikan kepada calon tenant. Langkah berikut adalah seleksi untuk memilih 20 calon tenant terbaik untuk program selanjutnya. Akhir tahun pertama ini telah dihasilkan 5 (lima) pengusaha baru yang siap menjalankan usaha di dunia bisnis melalui berbagai rangkaian ujian dan seleksi yang dilaksanakan oleh pakar di bidang kewirausahaan, mitra, akademisi dan pengusaha yang diundang sebagai juri.
Pembibitan dan Restorasi Mangrove di Desa Lubuk Kertang Kecamatan Brandan Barat, Kabupaten Langkat, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Yunasfi  , Mohammad Basyuni  , Ahmad Baiquni Rangkuti  , Moehar Maraghiy Harahap
Published: February 2022

Rusaknya hutan mangrove memberikan dampak negatif terhadap nelayan Desa lubuk Kertang karena mengakibatkan biota laut semakin menurun dan ekosistem mangrove semakin menghilang. Sebelum kerusakan terjadi penghasilan yang didapatkan oleh masyarakat nelayan mencukupi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup keluarganya, namun pasca kerusakan terjadi pendapatan mereka menurun secara drastis. Pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup keluarga saja tidak mencukupi, ditambah lagi untuk biaya menyekolahkan anak-anaknya, masyarakat tidak mampu dikarenakan jumlah nominal penghasilan yang didapatkan sangat rendah. Bahkan kerusakan tersebut juga berimbas bagi para petani Desa Lubuk Kertang, diantaranya curah hujan semakin berkurang akibat pemanasan global. Berbagai operasi penyelamatan dan pemulihan kawasan hutan telah dilakukan oleh Tim Terpadu Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi Sumatera Utara, sampai bulan November 2015 telah diselamatkan lebih dari 300 ha. Mengingat besarnya kerugian akibat hilangnya/rusaknya mangrove dan ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap hutan mangrove sebagai sumber kehidupannya, maka penting dilakukan kegiatan rehabilitasi/restorasi, pengelolaan hutan mangrove berbasiskan masyarakat, dan upaya kegiatan konservasi melalui kegiatan yang produktif. Hutan mangrove di Desa Lubuk Kertang sudah banyak dilakukan konversi lahan. Hutan mangrove banyak dialihfungsikan menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit, permukiman, pertambakan, lahan pabrik dan ekowisata mangrove yang mengakibatkan gangguan kondisi ekologi mangrove maupun siklus rantai makanan yang terputus pada ekologi perairan. Selain itu kualitas air di wilayah tersebut juga mengalami penurunan dan akan berdampak ke wilayah daratan. Kondisi seperti inilah yang menuntut perhatian dari semua elemen masyarakat sehingga keberadaan dan keberlangsungan hutan mangrove dapat terjaga dengan baik. Besarnya manfaat yang terdapat pada hutan mangrove Desa Lubuk Kertang mengakibatkan hutan ini dieksploitasi secara berlebihan dan mengalami penurunan kualitas lingkungan yang cukup parah, sehingga mengakibatkan berkurangnya luas wilayah hutan mangrove setiap dan juga menurunkan fungsi ekologis yang mengganggu keseimbangan ekosistem mangrove.
Prevention Hate Speech Through Local Wisdom of Culture Tapanuli of South Makkobar
Authors: Dedi Zulkarnain Pulungan
Published: February 2022

Public speaking habits are a step in developing themselves to get information. Good speech is aimed at one's attitude in language. Prevention hate speech in the world of special social for community in the South Tapanuli is carried out in a makkobar manner. Makkobar shapes the character value community based on a commitment to do the best things and do everything right and have a purpose in life. Blurred character can grow in the form of speaking correctly in applying the habit of exploring himself in language. Makkobar is one of the local wisdom in the people of South Tapanuli because in it there are elements of attitudes, emotions, habits and volition, basic behavior in communication, and self-conception. The character value in the attitude of infidelity is to instill the internalization of various virtues that it believes in and use as a basis for perspective, thinking, behave, and acting. Emotional character value in the spirit is to give enlightenment and refrain from moral principles in communication. The character value of habits and willingness in the spirit that is arousing curiosity and empowering to be able to socialize with the community. The basic behavioral character value in communicating is to provide opportunities to speak with the stages. The character value of self-conception in makkobar is to provide motivation and inspiration to the community.
Um projeto de olimpíada de matemática no município de Santana do Araguaia – Pará
Authors: Silveira Helves Belmiro da , Oliveira Cláudio José de
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho é resultado de uma experiência com o projeto de extensão intitulado de OSMEM – Olimpíadas Santanense de Matemática das Escolas Municipais que levou ao conhecimento dos alunos questões relacionadas a olimpíadas e suas diferentes maneiras de solucioná-las, vinculado a UNIFESSPA – Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará e ao curso de licenciatura plena em matemática. Teve como questionamento norteador: por que estudar matemática em um contexto olímpico? Teve-se como objetivo alavancar o desenvolvimento da disciplina de matemática no município e despertar nos estudantes do 6° ao 9° ano do ensino fundamental o gosto de aprender matemática, objetiva-se, ainda, estimular a participação em eventos olímpicos nacionais relacionados a matemática. A metodologia utilizada no desenvolver do projeto contou com aulas expositivas ligadas às questões de olimpíadas de matemática realizadas em todo território brasileiro. Faz-se necessário uma análise da contribuição dos projetos de extensão realizados pelas universidades junto a toda comunidade e seus benefícios na área acadêmica e social de cidades onde são implementados. Os resultados atingidos pelo projeto foram a compreensão da matemática abstrata em nível fundamental, a parceria com professores da rede municipal de ensino, a melhora na disciplina de matemática pelos alunos participantes do projeto, além de promover o ensino docente por partes dos acadêmicos envolvidos nas etapas de execução desse projeto de extensão.
El Estado de Derecho y el mercado de la verdad
Authors: Martín Morales Ricardo
Published: February 2022

I processi deliberativi democratici sono minacciati dalla disinformazione deliberata su larga scala, diffusa attraverso Internet e i social media, i quali hanno notevolmente aumentato il rischio di manipolazione elettorale dell'opinione pubblica. Qualsiasi buon specialista può attualmente provocare il contagio emozionale di milioni di persone all'idea contrattata con il miglior offerente. Gli Stati membri dell'Unione Europea si organizzano e collaborano per combattere questo tipo di disinformazione. Il presente contributo analizza fino a che punto il Diritto può e deve reagire alle fake news, valutando la portata, la natura, il contenuto e il bene giuridico protetto da un eventuale "diritto a non essere ingannati".
"Io non fuggo, io volo"
Authors: Caruso Silvia
Published: February 2022

L'autore, attraverso una personale rilettura autobiografica, si propone di dar voce ai possibili vissuti che un figlio genitorializzato può sperimentare lungo il suo percorso evolutivo, in particolare all'interno di nuclei familiari monogenitoriali, durante il delicato e difficoltoso processo di individuazione. La forza della lealtà familiare, attraverso quei fili tanto invisibili quanto potenti, può far vivere il proprio bisogno di differenziazione come un forte tradimento verso la famiglia, accompagnandosi a un vissuto di colpa schiacciante, che talvolta ne im-pedisce l'individuazione. La scoperta della reciprocità, aiuta a ridimensionare i vissuti di ri-sentimento, colpa e iper-responsabilizzazione, favorendo il passaggio dal desiderio di "fuga" alla leggerezza del "volo". Perché è veramen-te libero, solo colui che vola nella certezza di avere una propria base sicura.
Il cimitero di Laorca: uno spazio identitario fra storia e leggenda
Authors: Redemagni Paola
Published: February 2022

Laorca oggi è un quartiere di Lecco ma un tempo era un paese famoso per l'industria di trasformazione dei metalli e per il suo cimitero, costruito a partire dal 1632 all'interno di un anfiteatro naturale di grande bellezza e considerato miracoloso. Nel corso dei secoli gli abitanti del paese riservano grande cura ai propri defunti. Nel 1923, tuttavia, Benito Mussolini decide l'aggregazione di Laorca e dei paesi vicini al Comune di Lecco: i cimiteri locali sono destinati a scomparire, sostituiti dal Nuovo Cimitero Urbano Unico, da edificare nel Comune di Malgrate. Gli abitanti di Laorca si mobilitano a difesa del proprio camposanto: contro ogni previsione ebbero successo. Il Nuovo Cimitero Unico, costruito solo in parte tra il 1933 e il 1938, non fu mai utilizzato. Nel nuovo contesto democratico postbellico, esso rappresenta l'espressione di una volontà fascista che non ha tenuto in alcun conto la sensibilità dell'opinione pubblica e la tradizione locale. Sarà infine distrutto nel 1973. Il cimitero di Laorca, invece, compare oggi nella European Cemeteries Route, il progetto di valorizzazione dei cimiteri storici voluto dall'Association of Significant Cemeteries in Europe (ASCE).
Cambiamento climatico: un processo sociale complesso
Authors: Zaccaria Anna Maria
Published: February 2022

Il cambiamento climatico globale è intessuto in processi sociali complessi. Nell'era dell'Antropocene il contributo delle scienze sociali diventa importante, anche in forma di critica sociale, per comprendere le controverse dinamiche del sistema terra. Questo contributo ha due obiettivi: a. ricostruire un quadro delle visioni proposte dalle scienze sociali rispetto al tema del cambiamento climatico; b. avanzare riflessioni per l'operazionalizzazione empirica di un concetto che corre il rischio di diventare vago e banalizzato.
Gojira (Godzilla): una crítica nuclear
Authors:   Centro de Estudios Cinematográficos, Chávez Álvarez Osnar
Published: February 2022

Este artículo presenta el análisis de la producción y otros elementos cinematográficos de una película acerca de un monstruo gigante, Godzilla (Gojira, Ishiro Honda, 1954), y se le relaciona con el pasado reciente de Japón. Se emplea como marco teórico el análisis histórico de la cinta propuesto por Marc Ferro, viéndola como un agente histórico con un discurso bien planeado, según Plantinga, y que recurre al escapismo de los espectadores, mencionado por Zorroza. La película está llena de alegorías y referencias a eventos traumáticos por los que había pasado Japón, principalmente relacionados con la energía nuclear y de los cuales no podían expresarse debido a la censura, pudiendo así, tener una función catártica para el pueblo nipón. La película tuvo un gran éxito y popularidad, lo cual llevó a que una productora estadounidense reeditara la película y quitara el mensaje antinuclear de la versión original. Demostrando que las referencias, alegorías y carga retórica eran planeadas y fuertes, y que Gojira (la creatura de la película) es un monstruo muy popular y que se puede adaptar a diversos contextos.
Mycofumigation with the endophytic fungi Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg and Diaporthe sp. for the control of banana and mango anthracnose
Authors: Cagadas Rochelle , Ceballo Flor , Cumagun Christian Joseph , Pangga Ireneo
Published: February 2022

Banana and mango are the top commodities in the Philippines that are traded worldwide however, fungal diseases such as anthracnose affect their yield and quality. Environmentally sound control strategies have been explored and one of these is mycofumigation using fungal endophytes. This alternative approach is understudied in the Philippines, hence, the study aimed to evaluate the mycofumigation potential of fungal endophytes collected from Mt. Makiling, Luzon, Philippines and their pathogenicity to banana and mango fruits. In vitro and in vivo mycofumigation assays were conducted with a completely randomized design layout with triplicates per treatment under laboratory conditions.

The fungal endophytes used as mycofumigants, Diaporthe sp. and Fusarium proliferatum, were comparatively effective in controlling the anthracnose of banana and mango. The mycelial growth for in vitro assay of Colletotrichum musae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were significantly reduced compared to the control when exposed to volatile organic compounds produced by the fungal endophytes. In addition, the results of the in vivo mycofumigation assay against C. musae showed Diaporthe sp. had a significantly higher inhibition rate (93%) than F. proliferatum (67%) when grown on potato dextrose agar plates.

The bioefficacy of the Diaporthe sp. and F. proliferatum was improved when grown on peanut and corn seed substrates with a reduction of banana and mango anthracnose severity ranging from 82 to 100%. Cultures grown on corn substrate performed better than those grown on peanut. Pathogenicity tests also revealed that these endophytic fungi did not cause disease in the banana or mango fruits indicating their potential as good biocontrol agents against C. musae and C. gloeosporioides.
In vitro efficacy of different Antibiotics against contaminants of tissue-cultured ‘Lakatan’ Banana
Authors: Magbalot-Fernandez Alminda , Hindoy Carlito , Ubaub Leslie
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to characterize the bacterial and fungal contaminants of tissue-cultured ‘Lakatan’ banana (Musa acuminata) and find out effective antibiotics against these contaminants. This was conducted at the University of Southeastern Philippines, Tagum-Mabini Campus from October 2015 to February 2016.
This experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments replicated three times. The treatments were: T1-Control; T2-Streptomycin (200mg L-1); T3-Nystatin (1mL L-1); T4-Streptomycin (200mg L-1) + Nystatin (1mL L-1); and T5- Benomyl (100mg L-1). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and compared through HSD.
Results showed that the different contaminants occurring during the initiation stage of tissue-cultured ‘Lakatan’ banana meriplants were composed of Rhizopus sp., an unidentified fungus, and Gram negative bacterium. Generally, 35% contamination was observed on this stage.
The result revealed that colony diameter of unidentified fungus and Rhizopus sp. were inhibited by Nystatin (1mL L-1). While the bacterial clear zone inhibition was increased by Streptomycin. This study elucidated the effectivity of antibiotics, nystatin and streptomycin against bacterial and fungal contaminants of tissue-cultured ‘Lakatan’ banana.
Biology of Tortoiseshell Beetle (Aspidomorpha miliaris Fabr.) on Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam) and Its Relatives as Affected by Hosts’ Nutritional Profile
Authors: Vasquez Erlinda , Asio Luz , Ferraren Dilberto , Dacera Resa
Published: February 2022

Several insect pests attack the foliage of sweetpotato at different stages of crop growth which contribute to yield reduction. Weeds belonging to the same genera as the main host can act as alternate hosts of insect pests. The study evaluated the biology of tortoiseshell beetle in the laboratory at an ambient temperature of 27-30oC and 85-90% RH on sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) as main host and four other Ipomoea species: three-lobe morning glory (I. triloba), beach morning glory (Ipes-caprae), swamp morning glory (I. aquatica), and five-finger morning glory (I. pentaphylla Syn. I. cairica) as alternate hosts. The beetle underwent four developmental stages – egg, larva, pupa, and adult. It completed its development within 4-6 weeks from egg-laying to adult emergence of 26-40 days, an average of 27.55 to 39.01 days. The total development period of male and female A. miliaris on I. batatas, I. triloba, I. pes-caprae, I. aquatica, and I. pentaphylla were 27.55 and 30.72, 27.52 and 30.49, 29.94 and 35.06, 33.25 and 38.11, and 33.70 and 39.01 days, respectively. Adult longevity of males and females was longer on I. batatas and I. triloba, followed by I. aquatica), I. pentaphylla, and lastly, I. pes-caprae. The highest number of eggs laid was recorded in I. batatas (202.7), followed by I. triloba (173.2), I. pes-caprae (76.0), I. aquatica (71.7), and I. pentaphylla (59.7). The highest egg viability of more than 90% was recorded in I. batatas and I. triloba. Mortality occurred towards the later part of larval development, with the lowest mortality of 8.33% in I. batatas.
The host plants ‘ high protein, N, P, and K contents influenced the shorter life cycle, higher reproductive rate, high percentage egg hatchability, lower mortality, and longer life span. Increased mortality and abnormal wet frass in I. pes-caprae could be accounted for by exceptionally high sugar content in the leaves and secondary metabolites present, especially in other host plants that may have insecticidal activity. Since A. miliaris was also able to complete its life cycle and reproduce on the four weed species, the insect continues to survive without sweetpotato. Any management strategy for this insect by destroying the Ipomoea weed hosts eliminates other sources of infestation in the field.
Estudio bibliométrico de alfabetización y educación financiera en las PYMES
Authors: Sauza Ávila Beatriz
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es realí7ar un levantamiento bibliométrico acerca de los estudios realí7ados en la alfabetización y educación financiera en las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas PYMES. Para poder desarrollar este estudio se llevó a cabo una consulta de información en el banco de datos de la base Scopus, por medio de las palabras clave alfabetización financiera, educación financiera, entre otros, construidos para esta investigación, se encontraron 621 artículos obtenidos de revista, libros, en el periodo comprendido de 2011 a 2020. Encontrándose que los países desarrollados son quienes más publicaciones han tenido destacando el país de Estados Unidos.
El efecto del capital TIC y humano sobre el crecimiento económico
Authors: Aliphat Rodrigo , García Oscar Arturo
Published: February 2022

Siguiendo la teoría del crecimiento endógeno, este documento estudia, empleando series de tiempo, el efecto de las tasas de crecimiento de capital TIC y empleo calificado sobre el valor agregado para la economía mexicana entre 1990-2019. Los resultados demuestran una relación positiva y significativa entre la incorporación de capital de alta tecnología y trabajadores con mayor nivel educativo en los procesos productivos. Se concluye que, el grado de cualificación del trabajo aumenta la eficiencia en el uso de nuevas tecnologías y tiene un mayor efecto en el crecimiento del PIB; además, se encuentra que la combinación de empleo calificado y TIC crea sinergias que posibilitan la innovación.
Determinantes de la variación de precio semanal de cortes de carne vacunos en una región de Argentina
Authors: Finucci Mauro , Giordano Victoria , Glave Ulises , Delbianco Fernando , Larrosa Juan M.C. , Ramírez Muñoz de Toro Gonzalo , Uriarte Juan I.
Published: February 2022

Se estudia la evolución semanal de los precios de cortes de carne vacunos a través de datos en línea. Se modela dinámicamente las tasas de variación de precios de los cortes de carne como determinadas por las variaciones en precios de bienes sustitutos, insumos, diversas variables del mercado cambiario, shocks de oferta y efectos temporales. Se modela econométricamente y los resultados muestran efectos de sobreajuste de precios a corto plazo en diversos cortes, efecto de sustitución entre carnes alternativas de corto y largo plazo, y un rol limitado a cortes puntuales del tipo de cambio y efectos semanales.
Temsirolimus combined with cyclophosphamide and etoposide for pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Therapeutic Advances in Childhood Leukemia Consortium trial (TACL 2014-001)
Authors: Tasian Sarah K. , Silverman Lewis B. , Whitlock James A. , Sposto Richard , Loftus Joseph P. , Schafer Eric S. , Schultz Kirk R. , Hutchinson Raymond J. , Gaynon Paul S. , Orgel Etan , Bateman Caroline M. , Cooper Todd M. , Laetsch Theodore W. , Sulis Maria Luisa , Chi Yueh-Yun , Malvar Jemily , Wayne Alan S. , Rheingold Susan R.
Published: February 2022

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is commonly dysregulated in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The TACL2014-001 phase I trial of the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus in combination with cyclophosphamide and etoposide was performed in children and adolescents with relapsed/refractory ALL. Temsirolimus was administered intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 8 with cyclophosphamide 440 mg/m2 and etoposide 100 mg/m2 IV daily on days 1-5. The starting dose of temsirolimus was 7.5 mg/m2 (DL1) with escalation to 10 mg/m2 (DL2), 15 mg/m2 (DL3), and 25 mg/m2 (DL4). PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibition was measured by phosphoflow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood specimens from treated patients. Sixteen heavily-pretreated patients were enrolled with 15 evaluable for toxicity. One dose-limiting toxicity of grade 4 pleural and pericardial effusions occurred in a patient treated at DL3. Additional dose-limiting toxicities were not seen in the DL3 expansion or DL4 cohort. Grade 3/4 non-hematologic toxicities occurring in three or more patients included febrile neutropenia, elevated alanine aminotransferase, hypokalemia, mucositis, and tumor lysis syndrome and occurred across all doses. Response and complete were observed at all dose levels with a 47% overall response rate and 27% complete response rate. Pharmacodynamic correlative studies demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of PI3K/mTOR pathway phosphoproteins in all studied patients. Temsirolimus at doses up to 25 mg/m2 with cyclophosphamide and etoposide had an acceptable safety profile in children with relapsed/refractory ALL. Pharmacodynamic mTOR target inhibition was achieved and appeared to correlate with temsirolimus dose. Future testing of next-generation PI3K/mTOR pathway inhibitors with chemotherapy may be warranted to increase response rates in children with relapsed/refractory ALL.
Anti-adhesion properties of 4-(adamantyl-1)-1-(1-aminobutyl) benzole against Еscherichia coli
Authors: Hrynchuk N. , Bukhtiarova T. , Vrynchanu N. , Ishchenko L. , Vazhnichaya E.
Published: February 2022

One of the serious problems of medicine is the formation and spread of antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains capable of causing acute and chronic persistent infections due to biofilms. Insufficient effectiveness of antimicrobial chemotherapy in acute inflammatory diseases and the practical absence of drugs with an antibiofilm activity actualize the search for promising compounds and the development of effective and safe drugs on their basis.The aim of this work is to study the effect of 4-(adamantyl-1)-1-(1-aminobutyl) benzole (AM-166) on the adhesive properties of E. coli and the expression of genes that regulate adhesion.The antibiofilm activity of the adamantane-containing compound AM-166 was studied by the sorption of gentian violet on biofilm structures, the hydrophobicity of the E. coli cell surface was assessed by adhesion to a solvent (MATS test), swimming, swarming, and twitching migration – by standard methods. Cell adhesion to the abiotic surface was assessed by the Christensen method, the effect of AM-166 on the expression of the fimA, papC, fliC, and motB genes was investigated using realtime PCR.It was shown that the AM-166 compound disrupts the formation of E. coli biofilm: the biomass decreases at 5.0 MIC by 69.2 %, at 0.5 MIC – by 36.9 %. It was found that AM-166 reduces the hydrophobicity of E. coli cells (by 4.0 % at 0.5 MIC) and adhesion to an abiotic substrate (by 46.0–76.4 %, depending on the incubation time), inhibits twitching migration, and stimulates swarming migration. The diameters of the E. coli mobility zones increased by 1.5 times (0.5 MIC) and 1.2 times (2.0 MIC). Under the action of AM-166, an increase in the expression of the fimA gene, as well as a decrease in the expression of the fliCand motB genes (by 2 times) were recorded. The decrease in papC gene expression was statistically insignificant.Thus, the antibiofilm activity of AM-166 is due to the impaired mobility of microorganisms and altered expression of the fimA, fliC, and motB genes. In the future, it is necessary to study the effect of the adamantane derivative on the Quorum Sensing systems in E. coli.
Arsenic Stress Tolerance in Lentil Varieties
Authors: Islam MS , Sohag MH
Published: February 2022

A pot experiment was conducted inside a rain- shelter in the Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka in 2016 to evaluate the arsenic (As) stress tolerance of seven lentil varieties, viz., BARIMasur-1, BARIMasur-2, BARIMasur-3, BARIMasur-4, BARIMasur-5, BARIMasur-6 and BARIMasur-7 against three levels of arsenic stress viz., no arsenic stress (control), 25 mg As / kg soil and 50 mg As / kg soil. Arsenic treatment was imposed during pot filling with 10 kg air- dried soil pot-1. The pots were fertilized with 0.225 g urea, 0.425 g TSP and 0.175 g MoP pot-1 before seed sowing. Six healthy seeds of seven lentil varieties were sown in each pot and the plants were thinned to four after three weeks later. It was observed that increasing levels of As significantly decreased pods plant-1, 1000 seeds weight, seed yield, stover yield, harvest index and relative values of these parameters, whereas increased seed arsenic content and relative seed arsenic content in all the lentil varieties studied. Although BARIMasur-7, BARIMasur-6 and BARIMasur-5 gave the higher seed yield, their relative seed yield, relative values of yield components, relative stover yield and relative harvest index were lower, but seed arsenic content and relative seed arsenic content were higher compared to that of BARIMasur-1, BARIMasur-2, BARIMasur-3 and BARIMasur-4. Therefore, BARIMasur-1, BARIMasur-2, BARIMasur-3 and BARIMasur-4 varieties were superior and safe for consumption considering seed arsenic content and suitable for breeding considering relative seed arsenic content under soil arsenic stress conditions. Correlation studies indicated that As stress decreased relative seed yield by most negatively influencing the relative 1000 -seeds weight followed by relative pods plant-1, relative stover yield and relative seeds pod-1.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(2): 13-20
Evaluation of Resistant Genotype Against Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodesorbonalis Guenee)
Authors: Mannan MA , Ferdousi S , Kamal MM , Das S
Published: February 2022

Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodesorbonalis Guenee, is a devastating pest of brinjal (Solanummelongena L.) in all brinjal growing countries across the globe. Ten genotypes of brinjal were evaluated against the pest in experimental field of Khulna University, Bangladesh following arandomized block design with three replications. The genotypes were BARI Hybrid Begun-2, BARI Hybrid Begun-4, BARI BT-4, Begun-4, BARI Begun-9 and BARI Begun-10, Local Cultivar-1, Local Cultivar-2, Local Cultivar- 3, Local Cultivar-4 and BARI Begun-4among the ten brinjal genotypes, reduced shoot and fruit infestation were recorded in local cultivar-1 and BARI Begun 2. On degree of infestation, BARI hybrid BT begun 4 appeared to be resistant while rest of the genotypes were susceptible or highly susceptible. Volume index was documented to be high in BARI hybrid Begun 4 and low in local cultivar 3, while shape index was high in cultivar 2 and low in BARI hybrid begun 4 and BARI Begun-10. BARI Hybrid Begun 4 possessed greater meso and pericarp thickness although those were not resistant. Above all, using resistant genotypes of BARI hybrid BT begun 4 may be considered as a last resort inan optimized IPM package to ensure maximum brinjal productivity.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(2): 21-30
Yield and Quality of Some Tropical Sugarbeet Genotypes Under Bangladesh Conditions
Authors: Sohel MAT , Hossain MAE , Rahman AMS , Shanta FH , Rajib MRR
Published: February 2022

The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Agronomy and Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute (BSRI), Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh during 2012-13 cropping season to assess the comparative performance of yield and quality of six tropical sugarbeet genotypes viz., CS 0327, HI 0473, CS 0328, HI 0044, Shubhra and Cauvery. The different genotypes showed significant differences in their yield and yield components, such as beet length, beet girth, beet yield, shoot yield, sugar yield and harvest index. The quality parameters, such as total soluble solids or brix, sucrose percentage and apparent purity percentage of sugarbeet were also different among the genotypes. Maximum beet length (31.38 cm), beet girth (36.09 cm), beet yield (75.46 t ha-1), shoot yield (38.46 t ha-1) and sugar yield (11.82 t ha-1) were found in Cauvery followed by CS 0328. In case of sugarbeet quality, the maximum total soluble solids (TSS) and sucrose percentage (21.90% and 15.68%, respectively) were recorded in Cauvery followed by the genotype CS 0328 (21.52% and 15.50%, respectively). So, it was concluded that tropical sugarbeet genotype Cauvery appeared as the best one with respect to yield and quality parameters followed by CS 0328 under Bangladesh conditions.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(2): 55-61
Effect of Sunflower Crop Residue on Weed Suppression in Direct-Seeded Aus Rice Under Rice – Sunflower-Rice Cropping Pattern
Authors: Khatun L , Chakrobarty T , Zaman MA , Nasim M , Mondal S
Published: February 2022

In Bangladesh direct-seeded Aus rice is a conventional rice cultivation practice and weed infestation is a severe problem in direct-seeded rice production due to the existence of favorable environment during this period. So, by minimizing the use of herbicides and replace them with eco-friendly and environmentally sustainable herbicides based on natural plant products or allelochemicals, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was performed at the research field of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh from July 2018 to August 2019 to evaluate effect of sunflower crop residue on weeds growth and yield of direct seeded Aus rice in Transplanting Aman-Sunflower-Aus cropping pattern. Weed population and weed dry weight were significantly affected by crop residues treatment. Weed population was significantly lower in C3 (Direct sowing of Aus after 7 days of Sunflower residue incorporation) treatment than the control C1 (Direct sowing of Aus without Sunflower residue incorporation) treatment. The lowest weed dry weight (90.5 g m-2) was also obtained from C4 (Direct sowing of Aus after 14 days of Sunflower residue incorporation). The highest reduction of grain yield was obtained from without crop residue and no weeding treatments. The highest number of effective tillers m-2 (403.33), grain panicle-1 (114.67), tillers hill-1 (16.36), and grain yield (3.32 t ha-1) were observed from the treatments where sunflower residue was incorporated and the plots that were weed free. Results of this study indicate that sunflower residues showed potentiality to inhibit weed growth and it has a significant effect on the yield and yield parameters of direct seeded rice. Again weeds played a significant role in the reduction of yield of direct seeded rice. Thus, sunflower residues might be substitute for weed management practice as well as obtaining higher yield of direct seeded rice.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(2): 115-125
Pemanfaatan Digitalisasi Untuk Pemesanan Online Kuliner Kerupuk Basah Pada Warung AGDI Bengkayang
Authors: P Noviyanti , Yuliana Yulianaa
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The development of technology in this modern era makes every person or individual must be responsive to adapt to technology in order to continue to develop and be productive in social, economic, and others. Technology can facilitate daily activities in buying and selling transactions, buying or selling goods can be easily done anywhere. Various types of sales can be made by the community, especially in the culinary field. Warung Agdi is a wet cracker culinary, this culinary is a typical culinary of Kapuas Hulu but is in demand by almost all districts, one of which is Bengkayang Regency. However, problems were found in the culinary business of Agdi's stall. Where customers have to wait for their orders to be made because for processing wet crackers at Agdi's stall, they must first steam the wet crackers before serving, so it takes time for customers to wait for their orders to be ready. Buying and selling activities at Agdi stalls are also still carried out conventionally, so not many people know about the wet cracker culinary owned by Agdi's stall owners. Based on these existing problems, a solution is needed so that Agdi stalls can take advantage of technology by making online ordering applications which can later be used by Agdi stall owners to sell and can also be used as a means of promotion.Keywords: AGDI stall; culinary; digitization; kerupuk basah; online ordering Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi di zaman modern ini membuat setiap orang atau individu harus tanggap beradaptasi dengan teknologi agar tetap dapat berkembang dan produktif dalam sosial, ekonomi, dan lain-lain. Teknologi dapat memudahkan aktifitas sehari-hari dalam transaksi jual beli, kegiatan membeli atau menjual barang dapat dengan mudah dilakukan di mana saja. Berbagai jenis penjualan dapat dilakukan masyarakat, khususnya dibidang kuliner. Warung Agdi merupakan kuliner kerupuk basah, kuliner ini merupakan kuliner khas Kapuas Hulu namun diminati hampir seluruh Kabupaten, salah satunya Kabupaten Bengkayang. Namun, ditemukan permasalahan pada usaha kuliner warung Agdi. Diman pelanggan harus menunggu pesanan mereka dibuat karena untuk pengolahan kerupuk basah pada warung Agdi harus mengkukus kerupuk basah terlebih dahulu sebelum dihidangkan, sehingga perlu waktu bagi pelanggan untuk menunggu pesanannya siap. Kegiatan jual beli pada warung Agdi juga masih dilakukan secara konvensional, sehingga tak banyak yang mengetahui kuliner kerupuk basah yang dimiliki pemilik warung Agdi. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang ada tersebut,       diperlukan solusi untuk agar warung Agdi dapat memanfaatkan teknologi dengan pembuatan aplikasi pemesanan online yang nantinya dapat digunakan pemilik warung Agdi ini untuk menjual dan dapat pula digunakan sebagai sarana promosi.Kata kunci: digitalisasi; kerupuk basah; kuliner; pemesanan online; warung agdi
Mengajar Kreatif Dengan Google Classroom Bagi Guru Sd Negeri 096 Manyabar
Authors: Putra Guntur Maha , Atikah Nurul , Mahfuz Rizky Putri , Rahmadhani Dessy , Tanjun Selma Karamy Zulpana , Anggina Putri
Published: February 2022

Abstract: This Community Service activity was carried out at SD Negeri 096 Manyabar, Panyabungan District, Mandailing Natal Regency, North Sumatra. This activity is carried out with the aim of helping adapt technology that is in line with the MBKM (Merdeka Belajar – Kampus Merdeka) program, one of which is the use of the google classroom platform in the process of e-learning teaching and learning activities in schools to create creative, interactive, effective and efficient learning between teachers and students, especially during this Covid-19 pandemic. Google classroom is a free, web-based platform built to make it easier for educators and students to learn online, which is easy to use to help teachers manage, measure, and experiential learning. The current use of Google Classroom is very efficient which is not limited by effective space and time. Teachers can provide online material, either in the form of text, images, audio, or video to students, besides that teachers can also make quizzes, assignments, and student lists on a regular basis by using a link from the google form sent to google classroom. Online learning in this Covid-19 era makes learning activities can be carried out interactively, effectively, and efficiently between teachers and students by utilizing technology, one of which is the use of the google classroom platform.  Keywords: google classroom; online learning; e-learning Abstrak: Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 096 Manyabar, Kecamatan Panyabungan, Kabupaten Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan bertujuan dalam hal membantu adaptasi teknologi yang selaras dengan program MBKM (Merdeka Belajar – Kampus Merdeka) yang salah satunya adalah dengan pemanfaatan plafform google classroom dalam proses kegiatan belajar mengajar e-learning di sekolah untuk menciptakan pembelajaran kreatif, interaktif, efektif dan efisien antara guru dengan siswa apalagi dimasa pandemi Covid-19 ini. Google classroom adalah platform gratis berbasis web yang dibuat untuk mempermudah kegiatan pembelajaran pendidik dan siswa secara online yang mudah digunakan untuk membantu pengajar mengelola, mengukur, dan memperkaya pengalaman belajar. Pemanfaatan Google classroom saat ini sangat efektif dan efisien yang tidak terbatas oleh ruang dan waktu. Guru dapat memberikan materi secara online, baik berupa teks, gambar, audio, maupun video kepada peserta didik, selain itu guru juga dapat membuat kuis, tugas maupun daftar kehadiran siswa secara berkala dengan menggunakan link dari google form yang dikirimkan ke google classroom. Pembelajaran secara daring dimasa Covid-19 ini membuat kegiatan belajar dapat dilakukan secara interaktif, efektif dan efisien antara guru dengan siswa dengan pemanfaatan teknologi salah satu dengan pemanfaatan plafform google classroom.Kata kunci: google classroom; pembelajaran daring; e-learning
Kepemilikan Manajerial dan Kepemilikan Institusional Terhadap Kebijakan Hutang Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur si BEI Tahun 2016-2019
Authors: Kartikasari Evi , Dewi Arfiana , Sulton Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Kinerja perusahaan yang baik dapat dilihat dari kinerja keuangan perusahaan, selain itu juga dapat dilihat dari kebijakan yang tepat yang dilaksanakan oleh manajemen perusahaan. Kebijakan di dalam perusahaan merupakan cerminan langkah manajerial untuk mengambil keputusan. Kebijakan hutang merupakan keputusan pendanaan dari pihak eksternal yang diambil oleh perusahaan guna untuk mengembangkan perusahaan, perluasan modal dan usaha serta untuk mendanai operasional perusahaan. Penggunaan hutang dapat meningkatkan risiko perusahaan, karena ketika perusahaan tidak mampu melunasi hutangnya maka akan terancam likuiditasnya, sehingga manajemen harus mampu mengambil keputusan yang sesuai dan tepat untuk meminimalisir risiko yang akan ditanggung oleh perusahaanHutang dapat sangat membantu dalam mengatasi masalah pendanaan, akan tetapi perlu dipertimbangkan risiko akan terjadinya kebangkrutan pada penggunaan   hutang dalam jumlah yang besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemilikan manajerial dan kepemilikan institusional terhadap kebijakan hutang perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2016-2019. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif berfokus pada pengujian hipotesis sesuai dengan model analisis yang ditentukan kemudian mendeskripsikan hasilnya. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yaitu berupa data laporan tahunan perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia tahun 2016-2019 yang diambil (download) dari website perusahaan terkait dan website http://www.idx.co.id. Populasi sebanyak 169 Perusahaan dengan Teknik sampling nonprobability sampling jenis purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel yang sesuai kreteria sebanyak 91 perusahaan dengan total data 364 data penelitian. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan alat bantu software statistik SPSS Ver. 25.
Impact of the Coronavirus Disease Pandemic on Patients with Head Injuries in South Korea
Authors: Nam Taek Min , Kim Do-Hyung , Jang Ji Hwan , Kim Young Zoon , Kim Kyu Hong , Kim Seung Hwan
Published: February 2022

Objective : The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is affecting the characteristics of patients with head injuries. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with head injuries at a regional emergency medical center in South Korea.Methods : From April 2019 to November 2020, 350 patients with head injuries were admitted to our hospital. The study period was divided into the pre-COVID-19 (n=169) and COVID-19 (n=181) eras (10 months each). Patients with severe head injuries requiring surgery (n=74) were categorized into those who underwent surgery (n=41) and those who refused surgery (n=33).Results : Head injuries in pediatric patients (<3 years) were more frequent in the COVID-19 era than in the pre-COVID-19 era (8.8% vs. 3.6%, p=0.048). More patients refused surgery in the COVID-19 era than in the pre-COVID-19 era (57.9% vs. 30.6%, p=0.021). Refusal of surgery was associated with old age (67.7±14.5 vs. 52.4±19.1, p<0.001), marital status (married, 84.8% vs. 61.0%, p=0.037), unemployment (42.4% vs. 68.3%, p=0.034), COVID-19 era (66.7% vs. 39.0%, p=0.021), and lower Glasgow coma scale scores (6.12±3.08 vs. 10.6±3.80, p<0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that refusal of surgery was independently associated with old age (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.084; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.030–1.140; p=0.002), COVID-19 era (adjusted OR, 6.869; 95% CI, 1.624–29.054; p=0.009), and lower Glasgow coma scale scores (adjusted OR, 0.694; 95% CI, 0.568–0.848; p<0.001).Conclusion : We observed an increased prevalence of head injuries in pediatric patients (<3 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, among patients with severe head injuries requiring surgery, more patients refused to undergo surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Histological Changes of Cervical Disc Tissue in Patients with Degenerative Ossification
Authors: Xiong Yang , Yang Ying-Li , Gao Yu-Shan , Wang Xiu-Mei , Yu Xing
Published: February 2022

Objective : To explore the histological feature of the cervical disc degeneration in patients with degenerative ossification (DO) and its potential mechanisms.Methods : A total of 96 surgical segments, from cervical disc degenerative disease patients with surgical treatment, were divided into ossification group (group O, n=46) and non-ossification group (group NO, n=50) based on preoperative radiological exams. Samples of disc tissues and osteophytes were harvested during the decompression operation. The hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson trichrome staining and Safranin O-fast green staining were used to compare the histological differences between the two groups. And the distribution and content of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 between the two groups were compared by a semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) method.Results : For all the disc tissues, the content of disc cells and collagen fibers decreased gradually from the outer annulus fibrosus (OAF) to the central nucleus pulposus (NP). Compared with group NO, the number of disc cells in group O increased significantly. But for proteoglycan in the inner annulus fibrosus (IAF) and NP, the content in group O decreased significantly. IHC analysis showed that TGF-β1, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 were detected in all tissues. For group O, the content of TGF-β1 in the OAF and NP was significantly higher than that in group NO. For p-Smad2 in IAF and p-Smad3 in OAF, the content in group O were significantly higher than group NO.Conclusion : Histologically, cervical disc degeneration in patients with DO is more severe than that without DO. Local higher content of TGF-β1, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 are involved in the disc degeneration with DO. Further studies with multi-approach analyses are needed to better understand the role of TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway in the disc degeneration with DO.