bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkçede Kip ve Kipliğe Sözdizimsel-Pragmatik Yaklaşım
Authors: Ma Tai
Published: August 2021

Geleneksel betimleyici kuramlar, farklı olan kip ve kiplik ulamını tek morfolojik terimde geneller; bu yaklaşım kip ve ardından cümledeki işlev ulamları arasındaki benzerlikleri ihmal eder, bunun yanı sıra kip ve kipliğin çekim ekleri başlığında almaya teşvik eder.
Morfoloji, pragmatik ve sözdizimsel yönleri görmezlikten gelir. Kip ve kipliği, cümle çizgisinde gerçekleşmelerine bakarak tartışırken bu hem yaklaşımın eksikliğini hem de pratikliğini açıkça gösterir. Kip daha soyut bir kavramken kiplik daha somut bir kategoridir. Kip ve kipliğin pragmatik yönleriyle ilgili, bağlamı dikkate almadan ve dil dışı değerlendirme olmaksızın kip eklerinin anlamlarını tanımlamak yetersizdir. {-mIş} ve {-sAydI} gibi eklerin anlamlarının kipsel değerlerine göre açıklığa kavuşturulması pragmatik olarak kabul edilmez.
Çalışmada kip ve kipliğin basit biçimsel gerçekleşmelerinden ziyade altta yatan uygulamalı özelliklerine odaklanmaktadır. Kip ve kiplik, cümle çizgiselliği üzerinde gerçekleştirildiğinde, sözdizimsel ve pragmatik yönleri öncelikle ilgilenilir ve cümledeki işlev ulamlarına kıyasen kipler tasvir edilir. Kipliksel işaretlerle ilişkilendirilen kipliklerin öbeksel özelliklerini vurgulamak için “tavandan tabana” yaklaşımı tercih edilmiştir.
El Ecuador en la sociedad del conocimiento
Authors: Jiménez-Villarreal Roberto Xavier , Vargas-Borbúa Robert Bolívar , Jiménez-Jimbo Kimberly Pamela
Published: August 2021

Mediante una investigación de carácter cualitativo, este artículo evalúa el estado de la industria de la defensa en Ecuador a través del análisis de factores fundamentales hoy en día para determinar el estatus de un país en la sociedad del conocimiento: ciencia y tecnología, e investigación, desarrollo e innovación. A partir de este estudio se observa cómo la inversión en estos factores influye en la industria de la defensa en Ecuador, y se consideran países como Brasil, Estados Unidos y China como referentes para contextualizar los resultados. Se evidencia así que Ecuador está en proceso de construcción de un sistema de investigación, desarrollo e innovación, articulando políticas enfocadas en el impulso de la industria de la defensa.
Bolivar’s Total War
Authors: Rojas-Castro Daniel Emilio
Published: August 2021

This article proposes introducing the concept of total war into the study of Latin American Independence in the 1810s and 1820s. We argue that total war was not an exclusively North Atlantic phenomenon, but an experience that also manifested itself at the beginning of the nineteenth century in the Spanish Viceroyalty of New Granada. To prove it, we analyze the social militarization caused by the enlightened reforms of the eighteenth century, the impact of political revolution in the Atlantic world and the decisive role of religion in creating an enemy that should be exterminated. The article concludes by pointing out two topics that underline the uniqueness of total war in a region of Latin America: the spatial and temporal unity of different forms of regular and irregular warfare, and the fact that total war was not the consequence of state action, but the starting point for State-building.
La guerra hispano-sudamericana (1864-1866) y sus consecuencias tecnológicas y estratégicas para la historia naval
Authors: Gutiérrez-González Manuel Alfonso
Published: August 2021

Las consecuencias de la guerra naval de 1865-1866 entre la flota española y la flota aliada sudamericana han sido olvidadas y subestimadas, probablemente porque ha primado una perspectiva descriptiva y política de este acontecimiento. Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una nueva visión que pondere el conflicto desde lo técnico y lo estratégico. Para ello se analizó y contrastó cualitativamente la bibliografía específica de la historia naval junto con documentos contemporáneos al conflicto. Como resultado, aunque se constató la escasa importancia de este conflicto en la historiografía especializada, se exponen las razones que hacen de esta guerra un hito, especialmente por las experiencias tecnológicas y estratégicas que impulsaron el desarrollo posterior de las marinas de los grandes imperios y la estrategia naval en el Océano Pacífico.
Molecular Exploring of Plasmid-mediated Ampc beta Lactamase Gene in Clinical Isolates of Proteus mirabilis
Authors: Ameer Al-Kraety Israa Abdul , Ghani Al-Muhanna Sddiq , Banoon Shaima R.
Published: August 2021

Between September to December 2020, thirteen isolates of Proteus mirabilis were recovered among one hundred fifty; MacConkey agar was utilized to purify Gram-negative bacteria isolated from infections of the urinary tract. The primary identification of Proteus mirabilis isolates was relied on “colonial morphology, microscopic examination, and biochemical “tests; however, the confirmation of identification of antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates was conducted utilizing an automated VITEK-2 compact system. The result showed that Proteus mirabilis isolates were highly resistant to most antibiotics, making them multi-drug resistant (MDR). Phenotype methods were used to detect AmpC beta-lactamase. Initial and confirmatory methods showed that eight isolates were AmpC producers. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was employed to detect the blaampC gene.
Risk factors in bacterial colonization of internal ureteral stent
Authors: K. Shaker Ekremah , Chaloob Fatima A.
Published: August 2021

A ureteral stent is most broadly used to manage upper urinary tract disorders such as obstruction and prevent post-endoscopic complications. However, the stent may become a niche for bacterial colonization. This study aimed to determine the rate of bacterial colonization and type of bacteria in internal ureteral stents and the risk factors associated with bacterial colonization. This prospective cross-sectional study included 100 consecutive adult patients who had temporary ureteral stenting as preparation for a secondary ureterorenoscopy at Al-Yarmook Hospital/ Baghdad. All included patients were negative for bacterial culture before stenting.

Stent and urine culture were performed at the time of stent removal. The colonization rate and bacteriuria in patients with internal ureteral stent were 19% and 9%, respectively. The most common bacteria in-stent and urine were E. coli accounting for 31.58% and 33.33%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was common in stent culture, representing 21.05%. Positive bacterial culture was confirmed in 19 stents and 9 urine samples. All cases with positive urine samples were also positive for culture. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity of urine culture for detection of stent colonization were 47.37% and 100%, respectively. Diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, and prolonged stenting were significantly associated with increased stent colonization. The ureteral stent could be a source of urinary tract infection. The most pathogenic bacteria associated with the ureter stent are E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Risk factors associated with stent colonization are diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, and prolonged indwelling time.
Investigation about contamination of some food items in local markets, Mosul, Iraq
Authors: Nafea Alnema Ammar , Nazar Fadhel Mazin
Published: August 2021

Results of enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), which was conducted on 58 samples of dried fruits and nuts available in the local market in Mosul city that there were samples that are contaminated with aflatoxins with rates higher than the tolerated level permitted by the European Union (4 parts per billion) in the human-consumed foodstuff products as the percentages were 40%, 40, 70% and 10% for almond, cashew, pistachio, and walnut respectively, which are beyond the permitted level. At the same time, the percentages were 66% and 10% for dried apricot and figs, respectively, and more than the permitted level. The average quantity of aflatoxins in the nuts samples was (1.6, 3.8. 4.1 and 6.1 ppb) for walnut, cashew, almond, and pistachio, respectively, while in the dried fruits (3.3, 1.4, and 6.9 ppb) for raisin, figs, and apricot respectively.
Modelo de regresión de Cox para análisis de supervivencia en pacientes con cáncer de mama en la provincia de Manabí, Ecuador
Authors: Bucheli Giler Cecilia , Alarcón Cano Daniel Fabricio , Montes Escobar Karime
Published: August 2021

El cáncer de mama es un problema de salud pública, que ha venido incrementándose, ubicándose como el cáncer de mayor incidencia en las mujeres, su repercusión en la población en general ocupaba el segundo lugar a nivel mundial, siendo la neoplasia maligna más frecuente en la población femenina y en relación a los decesos por cáncer y afecta con más frecuencia a los países del primer mundo y en vías de desarrollo. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo realizado a pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer de mama en el Hospital Oncológico de Manabí, Ecuador. La supervivencia global y libre de enfermedad a seis años se estableció a partir del tiempo trascurrido desde el diagnóstico hasta la ocurrencia de un evento o fecha del último contacto, con límite a diciembre de 2015. De los 403 pacientes, los límites de edad fueron 15 y 90 años, con media de 56.08 años. Se considero el tamaño del tumor, donde (T1) representa el 26.55%, (T2) representaron 45.66%, la supervivencia global fue de 80% a 6 años. Los pacientes en etapas avanzadas tuvieron menores probabilidades de supervivir con un porcentaje del 43%. Con el modelo de regresión de Cox, fue posible demostrar asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el tamaño del tumor y la supervivencia. El estudio demuestra que los pacientes en etapas avanzadas tienen menores probabilidades de supervivir, por lo que es imperativo que se continúen esfuerzos en promoción de la salud hasta conseguir que la detección sea en etapas curables.
Common Peroneal Nerve Injury in a Patient with COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Bossaghzadeh Zeynab , Niazvand Firoozeh , Saneie Medi , Rahimi-Dehgolan Shahram , Sahariati Ghadikolaei Hooshan , Mobarak Sara
Published: August 2021

This report described a 46-year man with the characteristic Computerized Tomography (CT) scan findings of Corona Virus Disease Infection 19 (COVID-19) who presented to the hospital with right ankle weakness three weeks after the pneumonitis. He had been initially hospitalized, complaining of fever, myalgia, cough, and dyspnea. Electromyogram (EMG) revealed obvious evidence of increased insertional activity (IA) and significant denervation potentials, including positive sharp waves (PSW) and fibrillation potentials, particularly in ankle dorsiflexor muscles. Moreover, no voluntary motor unit action potential (MUAP) was observed. Eventually, the patient was diagnosed with severe axonal mononeuropathy of the right CPN, which could be considered a rare complication of COVID-19.
Lab on a Chip: Bioreactors miniaturization for rapid optimization of biomedical processes and its impact on SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis
Authors: Ortega C.P. , Corredor D.A , Santillán M.E , Ger W.S , Noceda J.M , Pais-Chanfrau J.M , Trujillo L.E
Published: August 2021

Lab on a Chip (LoC) as part of Microbioreactors (MBRs) constitute an emergent technology to carry out micro-bioprocesses based on microfluidics research. In this review, the usefulness of LoCs is exposed since its inception, demonstrating that it is a multidisciplinary research field, gathering different science branches to develop this technology. As a result, a beneficial point of advancement is reached, producing useful consumables for humanity. Some of the described LoCs throughout this work are also used to detect infectious diseases caused by bacteria or viruses, allowing accelerated studies on emerging or high-impact diseases, such as COVID-19. Here are also displayed with an updated panorama, different strategies to improve the use, applications in the biomedical field, and spread of these devices aimed at their availability to solve social problems.
Integrated community-based interventions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)：A systematic review and meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Zihui , Cai Guannan , Zhan Zhiqing , Chen Yutong , Zhang Qing , Tian Heshen , Li Wenjie , Zhou Yumin , Ran Pixin
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Limited evidence supports integrated community-based interventions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. We aimed to assess whether integrated community-based interventions could result in better health outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to assess whether integrated community-based interventions could result in better health outcomes.

METHODS

Relevant articles published from January 1, 2005, to October 15, 2020 were obtained. A total of 28 reports with randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were finally included in this meta-analysis.

RESULTS

Integrated community-based interventions could reduce all-cause hospitalization days per patient [weighted mean difference (95% confidence interval) -1.50 (-2.39, -0.61)], improve 6-minutes walking distance [WMD (95% CI) 10.75 (10.64, 10.86)], and reduce St.George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score per year [WMD (95% CI) -3.36 (-5.30, -1.42)], while could not reduce yearly decline in the lung function, all-cause mortality and all-cause hospital admissions in COPD patients. The efficiency of integrated community-based interventions might attribute to the implements of physical activity, medication management, self-management and long-term intervention (i.e., >12 months).

CONCLUSIONS

Integrated community-based interventions may have a potential to improve health-related outcomes for COPD.
ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE IN VARIOUS MATRICES
Authors: SHRIVASTAVA ALANKAR
Published: August 2021

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is classified under the class of drugs called antimalarials. This is used for preventions and treatment of malaria. HCQ is also used in the treatment of DLE (Discoid Lupus Erythematosus) or SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) and RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis). Recently, this drug attracts its attention by scientists of all of the worlds for its potential activity in the improvement of conditions of covid patients. There are many clinical trials are under process to prove its activity against this dangerous virus. The presented review describes different analytical procedures for the analysis of HCQ in various components available in the currently available literature. The paper will be certainly helpful for the scientists and researchers engaged in research, especially in the development of formulation or quality assurance of HCQ. The results of any clinical trial also includes the determination of drug in body fluids for interpretation of data. The analytical methods described here are explained in three parts; spectrophotometry, chromatography and other (including capillary electrophoresis and electroanalytical methods)
Pobreza y desigualdades en México. Revisión teórica y ejercicios prácticos
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas
Published: August 2021

En los últimos años han adquirido relevancia mundial los estudios sobre la pobreza, con especial atención a la fuerte desigualdad en la distribución del ingreso y la exclusión social, que se despliegan en diferentes formas y escalas: nacional, regional, local e inclusive entre grupos poblacionales. Frente a tal panorama, este libro presenta de manera clara y concisa, además de una robusta revisión de la literatura reciente en esta materia, la estimación de un grupo seleccionado de indicadores de pobreza, desigualdad en la distribución del ingreso y exclusión social para el caso de la economía mexicana, mediante dos programas computacionales especializados, con el fin de que el lector pueda realizar sus propias hipótesis de análisis y de investigación sobre dichos temas. Con ello se pone de manifiesto el fuerte problema de pobreza y alta desigualdad que prevalece en México
Resiliencia de socioecosistemas costeros
Authors:   Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas, Espejel Ileana
Published: August 2021

En las zonas costeras coexisten procesos sociales y ecológicos, dinámicos en tiempo y espacio, que generan sistemas acoplados no lineales y anidados a diversas escalas llamados socioecosistemas. La capacidad de los socioecosistemas costeros de absorber disturbios, autoorganizarse y desarrollarse manteniendo su estructura básica esencial y las formas de funcionamiento y retroalimentación, es justamente la resiliencia, tema central del libro. Cada capítulo presenta los temas más debatidos en la literatura internacional para estudiar y aplicar los conceptos de resiliencia: la delimitación del socioecosistema costero, la identificación de la diversidad, intensidad y sinergia de los estresores, la medición de los umbrales, las interacciones entre escalas y la medición de sus trayectorias. En particular, se señalan los retos para México en términos conceptuales, metodológicos, de monitoreo, de interdisciplina y transdisciplina, así como de integración para vincular la investigación con el diseño de políticas públicas más adecuadas a la realidad actual y futura de los socioecosistemas costeros mexicanos. Uno de los grandes retos que aborda esta obra es identificar patrones que, sin perder la heterogeneidad y especificidad de cada socioecosistema, permitan comprender la resiliencia en los ámbitos local y regional con el fin de diseñar e implementar estrategias de comanejo adaptativo y políticas públicas a distintas escalas.
Pharmacognostic and Nootropic Aspects of Withania Somnifera: A Potential Herbal Drug as Memory Enhancer
Authors: Nimbalwar Minakshee G.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Withania somnifera is a well-known herbal drug commonly used in India and Indian subcontinent. It contains a spectrum of diverse phytoconstituents that are responsible for number of significant biological effects. Various parts of plants especially roots are rich in source of active phytoconstituents. In the current COVID-19 situation, various national and international agencies are suggesting the use of plant for increasing immunity as well as memory booster. The drug is mainly used in the management of brain related disorders such as anxiety, depression, stress, etc. The mainly used as memory enhancer as it increases the neurogenesis process in the brain. In present paper, we have covered the pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, and therapeutic applications of the plant related to the brain. Keywords: Withania somnifera; Memory enhancer; Roots; Stress.
Voice Enabled Home Automation System
Authors: Patel Akshad
Published: August 2021

In this era of automation innovation, life is getting less demanding, simpler and the world is getting smarter. IoT gives us the power of internet, data processing and analytics to handle or control the real world. All the day to day entities can take instructions or data from the internet to function without human intervention. Home automation is the automatic control of the electronic home appliances i.e. these appliances along with being controlled manually by switches, can also be controlled through mobiles, laptops and human voice. To accomplish this, AWS IoT core has been used that allows connection of multiple devices on internet without the need of servers. Along with AWS, ESP8266 module is used which helps connect all appliances to the internet along with all the other sensors. Python programming language is used to enable voice control.
Marketing and Survey Analysis of Stem Cell Banking in Western Maharashtra
Authors: Patil Raviraj
Published: August 2021

Purpose to check the knowledge of general population and doctors from western Maharashtra about the basics, purpose, utility and capability of stem cells banking and future scopes in medical field. Data was collected from three hospitals from Sangali district. For given study one thousand and two hundred individual from different background and different age group participated between 28th October to 4th January. Among these people 64% of general population heard about stem cell and cord blood banking, only 20% people have detailed information of stem cell banking and 70% medical staff have positive approach toward stem cell banking. Majority of people don’t know importance of cells on deadly disease. Lot of people unaware about technical terms and preservation techniques. Doctors have different opinion on use of stem cells on genetic disorder. 30% doctors though still it need more research and development for use of medical purpose. Hospitals, Institute and young generation need to take action on awareness of stem cell banking. obstetricians and the pediatricians should take a central role in providing the correct information to would be parents to help them in taking a correct decision.
Hand Gesture Recognition System as Virtual Mouse for HCI
Authors: A Mr. Venkateshwar
Published: August 2021

Abstract: The technique of interaction between human and computer is evolving since the invention of computer technology. The mouse is one of the invention in HCI (human computer interaction) technology. Though wireless are Bluetooth mouse technology is invented still, that technology is not completely device free. A Bluetooth mouse has the requirement of battery power it requires extra power supply. Presence of extra devices in a mouse increases the difficulty level of more hardware components. The proposed mouse system is outside this limitation. This paper proposes a virtual mouse system using colored hand glove based on HCI using computer vision and hand gestures. Gestures captured with a webcam on processed with color segmentation, detection technique and feature extraction. The user will be allowed to control some of the computer cursor functions with a colored glove on the hand. Primarily, a user can perform with their fingers, scrolling up or down using their hands in different gestures. This system captures frames using a webcam or built-in cam it is based on the camera quality. So the usage of colored glove mouse system eliminates device dependency in order to use a mouse. Keywords: HCI(human computer interaction), colored hand glove , gestures
Influence of Cancer Lagna on Diabetes in Medical Astrology
Authors: Sharma S
Published: August 2021

Abstract: A medical astrologer plays a very important role in maintaining physical and mental health. Based on one's horoscope one can predict when and how one's health will suffer and make the horoscope to be preconscious. The horoscope can predict which organ of the body is most vulnerable to being overly weak. Knowledge of medical astrology is very important for the doctor. Navagrahas are the same color that had an impact on the human body. It is believed that the disease can be eradicated by knowing their impact and then seeking medical attention. It was common for astrologers to appear in the royal courts. Physicians would also treat patients surgically, and astrologers, in this case, were the ones who handled the medicine very well. Based on this, they predicted the harm to the country, knew the disease coming through it and treated the medical system accordingly. Keywords: Navagrahas, Dasa, Buddhi, Andara Nathan, Lagna.
E-Jacket: Soldier Security System
Authors: Ch Kavya.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: E-Jacket gives better protection to the people living in extreme weather conditions. It controls the temperature inside the jacket with peltier modules by considering the climatic temperature. It tracks the location and sends an alert message with location details when heart rate of the wearer is abnormal. It also has the voice recording device. Keywords: Peltier effect, Relays, GPS, Atmega328P, Zigbee.
Performance Evaluation of Thermoelectric Refrigerator Using Peltier Effect
Authors: B C Manjesh
Published: August 2021

Abstract: The worldwide growth in call for refrigeration brought about the manufacturing of extra power and this, in turn, brought about extra use of CFCs. CFCs, in particular, are a notable factor in the ozone layer's depletion. TER (Thermoelectric Refrigerator) is a revolutionary option that eliminates the use of refrigerant. As a result, it is critical, especially in underdeveloped countries where extended life and inexpensive maintenance are required. The goal of this research is to design and build a functional TER that uses the Peltier effect to cool this volume to much lower temperature in under two hours and retain it for at least the next 1/2 hour. In this project, we created a TE system that works with both solar and electrical power. Food preservation, military or aerospace equipment, medicinal and pharmaceutical equipment are just some of the uses for the project. Keywords: Thermo-electric Refrigerator, CFCs, COP, Peltier Effect
An Overview on Neural Network and Its Application
Authors: Sharma Subhash Kumar
Published: August 2021

Abstract: In this paper an overview on neural network and its application is focused. In Real-world business applications for neural networks are booming. In some cases, NNs have already become the method of choice for businesses that use hedge fund analytics, marketing segmentation, and fraud detection. Here are some neural network innovators who are changing the business landscape. Here shown that how the biological model of neural network functions, all mammalian brains consist of interconnected neurons that transmit electrochemical signals. Neurons have several components: the body, which includes a nucleus and dendrites; axons, which connect to other cells; and axon terminals or synapses, which transmit information or stimuli from one neuron to another. Combined, this unit carries out communication and integration functions in the nervous system. Keywords: Neurons, neural network, biological model of neural network functions
Long-term effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on visual acuity and retinopathy
Authors:   Institution of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, Sellman Anders , Katzman Per ,   Institution of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,   Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, Andreasson Sten ,   Institution of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,   Department of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, Löndahl Magnus ,   Institution of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,   Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
Published: August 2021

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy is an adjunct treatment for diabetic foot ulcers. Since plausible mechanisms of action for this treatment include increased angiogenesis and high tissue oxygen concentrations, concerns about deterioration of retinopathy have been raised. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HBO2 on visual acuity (VA) and retinopathy in patients with chronic diabetic foot ulcers during a two-year follow-up period. This is a randomized, single-center, double-blinded and placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluating the effects of HBO2 in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic foot ulcers. All study participants underwent an ophthalmological examination before the first study treatment and then at three, six, 12 and 24 months. Fifty patients with a median age of 67 years were included. Visual acuity was similar between groups and did not change during the two-year observation period. No differences in retinopathy were seen between groups; neither were any differences found in numbers or areas of bleedings, hard exudates, microaneurysms or edemas, nor between groups or visits. New clinically significant macular edema was identified in four eyes in the HBO2 group and in three eyes in the placebo group. In this population of diabetic foot ulcer patients HBO2 seems to be neutral in an ophthalmological perspective. From a retinal point of view, we could not identify any indication of harmful effects of HBO2 on the microvascular bed in the placebo group.
Factors affecting stock market index volatility: Empirical study
Authors: Al-Rimawi Mohammed Ali , Kaddumi Thair Adnan
Published: August 2021

How is stock market price volatility affected, and what is the nature of the impact that macroeconomic variables do on the stock market price direction? The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of some selected macroeconomic variables (inflation rate (INR), interest rate (IR), economic growth rate (EGR), and foreign investment (FI)) on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) fluctuation for the period 1999–2018. The information is based on the annual data published by industrial companies listed at ASE. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach, also simple and multiple linear regression analysis was employed for the mentioned purpose (Nurfadilah & Samidi, 2017). The results revealed that there is no statistically significant impact of INR, IR, EGR, and FI collectively on ASE performance (Niewińska, 2020). Individually, the results indicated that there is a statistically significant impact of all variables (INR, IR, EGR, and FI) on ASE performance. Additionally, the results concluded that foreign investment, portrayed the highest impact factor on ASE performance, followed by a change in average interest rate, then inflation rate, and the least impact attributes to the economic growth rate. Finally, the research recommends that Jordanian banks should reduce the lending interest rate to enhance investment in securities and improve economic growth rate, also Jordanian authorities should encourage foreign direct and indirect investment and make more efforts to attract more foreign investment, either in the form of tax incentives or by extending finance at low-interest rates.
An industrial organisation model for the Vietnamese food retail market
Authors: Ngo Chi
Published: August 2021

Using the case of Vietnam, this paper proposes an industrial organisation
model of the food distribution system in developing countries. Since most
work in this field has adopted an empirical approach, this paper will
instead focus on a theoretical model based on the theory of imperfect
competition applied in agricultural economics. We introduce two distribution
channels of product differentiation linked vertically by demand, and study
the quantity flow from small producers to consumers by means of a Nash
equilibrium. We show that there is a Nash equilibrium of the food
distribution system and market power, with effects on both farmers and
consumers. The paper discusses the implications of these results and
proposes policies to intervene in the market and mitigate its power to
improve the wealth of both farmers and consumers. The competitive market
model of the food distribution system presented in this paper is also
important in analysing the policy implications of a food market with
imperfect competition in developing countries.
Mandible Fractures
Authors: Chi John J. , Konkus Emily
Published: August 2021

Mandible fractures are often caused by blunt or penetrating trauma and are one of the most common facial fractures. It is critical to understand facial and mandibular anatomy to best evaluate, classify, and treat mandible fractures. The primary goal of treatment is to restore the jaw to the preinjury occlusion. This can be achieved through open reduction with internal fixation or closed reduction with maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) in conjunction with dietary changes and/or physiotherapy. The main risks and concerns in mandible fracture management are infection, malunion, airway compromise, pain, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. This chapter will provide a brief overview of facial and mandibular anatomy as well as common treatment methods and surgical interventions. 

This review contains 17 figures, 2 tables, and 43 references
Key words: Mandibular fracture, maxillomandibular fixation, occlusion, malunion, closed reduction, open reduction, TMJ dysfunction
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KELAS IXA SMPN 4 TAPUNG HILIR TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Dayanti Sri
Published: August 2021

This class action research aims to describe the learning outcomes of students before participating in the learning process by using the discovery learning model, class IXA SMPN 4 Tapung Hilir on mathematics learning material on the Cone Volume; describe the learning activities of students as long as students follow the learning by using the discovery learning model, class IXA SMPN 4 Tapung Hilir on the learning of mathematics material Cone Volume; describe the improvement in student learning outcomes after students follow the learning process by using the discovery learning model, class IXA SMPN 4 Tapung Hilir on mathematics learning material Cone Volume. The design set in this study is classroom action research. In class action research in general there are four stages that are commonly passed, namely planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The initial condition of students is when students have not received learning by using the Discovery Learning learning model. The initial data used is the data of students' daily test scores which are still low and many are incomplete from the minimum completeness criteria (KKM), which is equal to 51.72% of students not completing completeness. In the test results in the first cycle, students who reached KKM totaled 23 people with the highest score of 100 as many as 2 people and the lowest score of 65 as many as 6 people. From the results of the assessment conducted in the first cycle that is obtained a value of 65-71 with a frequency of 13 (44.84%), a value of 72-78 with a frequency of 5 (17.24%), a value of 79-85 with a frequency of 5 (17.24% ), a value of 86-92 with a frequency of 3 (10.34%), a value of 93-100 with a frequency of 3 (10.34%).
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA POKOK BAHASAN KLASIFIKASI MAKHLUK HIDUP DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODELPROBLEM BASED LEARNING DI KELAS VII A SMP NEGERI 4 TAPUNG HILIR
Authors: Nuryati Nuryati
Published: August 2021

The design of this study uses classroom action research. Classroom Action Research. There are four stages in action research, namely (1) planning, (2) implementation, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. In this study, researchers conducted activities in two cycles with each cycle consisting of one meeting. The results of this study describe students' learning outcomes data on the subject Classification of Living Things by using the Problem Based Learning model on Class VII A students of SMP Negeri 4 Tapung Hilir. Data collected by researchers from the learning outcomes of students through written tests. From the results of the assessment conducted in the first cycle that is obtained a value of 50-56 with a frequency of 2 (10%), a value of 57-63 with a frequency of 4 (20%), a value of 64-70 with a frequency of 4 (20%), a value of 71-77 with a frequency of 5 (25%), a value of 78-85 with a frequency of 5 (25%). From the results of the assessment conducted in the second cycle that is obtained a value of 65-71 with a frequency of 2 (10%), a value of 72-78 with a frequency of 3 (15%), a value of 79-85 with a frequency of 6 (30%), a value of 86-92 with a frequency of 3 (15%), a value of 93-100 with a frequency of 6 (30%). Based on the data obtained in Cycle I shows that the number of students who completed as many as 10 students or (50%), not complete as many as 10 students or (50%), while the second cycle of students who completed as many as 17 students or (85 %), and incomplete 3 students or (15%).
PERSEPSI MAHASISWA PENJASKESREK PADA MATA KULIAH PENDIDIKAN JASMANI OLAHRAGA ADAPTIF UNIVERSITAS ISLAM RIAU
Authors: Sari Merlina , Nazirun Novia , Zulhendri Zulhendri
Published: August 2021

In this case the writer wants to reveal a small part of the perception of Penjaskesrek students in the Adaptive Physical Education course of the Islamic University of Riau. This research is a descriptive research. The population in this study were all Penjaskesrek students taking Adaptive Physical Education courses. While the sample in this study was 128 students from 320 people with purposive sampling technique. The results of this study that the factors opening up the lesson by 87.27%, 81 students attend attendance, 95%, 78 students motivation, 71%, memory of students with past material 57.61%, readiness of students to accept new material 70.81%, core activities 77.22%, and the cover 66.74%. After conducting research directly in the field, a satisfying result is seen where students have a good perception of the learning process of Adaptive Sports Physical Education itself. Then it can be concluded that the students' perception of the Adaptive Physical Education Process is in the good category.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF USING PQ4R AND ETR STRATEGIES ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION AT SMP PLUS TERPADU PEKANBARU
Authors: Nugrahayu Rizky
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the comparison of Preview, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite and Review (PQ4R) and Experience-Text-Relationship (ETR) strategies on Students’ Reading Comprehension. The research design was quasi-experimental by comparing two strategies, and two experimental groups with pre-test and post-test design. This research involves 64 participants which consisted of 32 students from experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 at SMP Plus Terpadu Pekanbaru. There were 3 research questions with 3 hypothesis proposed in this research in order to identify the significant difference between the effect of using PQ4R and ETR Strategies on students’ reading comprehension. Pre-test and post-test were administered in this study to two experimental groups. Independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test were used to analyzed the data. he research finding indicated that there was no significant difference of post-test mean score between an experimental group 1 which was taught by using PQ4R and ETR Strategies on students’ reading comprehension. The contribution of PQ4R strategy to improve students’ reading comprehension was 83% while ETR strategy was 85%. Finally, it can be concluded that both PQ4R and ETR Strategies can be implemented in improving Students’ Reading Comprehension at SMP Plus Terpadu PekanbaruKeyword: Reading Comprehension, PQ4R Strategy, ETR Strategy.
THE INFLUENCE OF READING HABITSAND READING STRATEGIES ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION ATJUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 IN THE DISTRICT OFBENAI-KUANSING
Authors: Syamsinar Tengku
Published: August 2021

CIRC is a cooperative learning program that involves a series of activities derived from research on reading comprehension and writing skill. Students work in four-member heterogeneous learning teams. After the teacher introduces a story from a basal text or trade book, students work in their teams on a prescribed series of activities relating to the story. In this research, two classes  were involved; one class as the experimental group, which was treated by using CIRC method and another one as control group was taught without using CIRC method. For both experimental and control groups, pre-test and post-test were administered to the students. The data were analyzed by using statistical analysis. To know the result whether it was be statistically significant, it was analyzed by using t-test. This study investigated the effect of  using cooperative integrated reading and composition (circ) method on students’ reading comprehension and writing skill. Data the research were collected from 30 students of SMAN 1 Rimba Melintang. The findings showed Reading Comprehension that the average score of the pre-test was 50.83 and post-test was 76.17. and findings showed Writing Skill that the avearge score of the pre-test was 62.63 and post-test was 74.67.Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. There was significant effect of using cooperative integrated reading and composition (CIRC) method on students’ reading comprehension and writing skill at SMAN 1 Rimba Melintang. Keywords: Cooperative integrated reading and composition (CIRC) Reading Comprehension,and Writing Skill.
PENGARUH SUPERVISI KEPALA MADRASAH DAN KOMITMEN KERJA GURU TERHADAP PROFESIONALITAS GURU PADA MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH NEGERI 1 KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Mardhiyah Mardhiyah
Published: August 2021

Pengaruh supervisi Kepala Madrasah dan komitmen kerja guru terhadap profesionalitas guru pada MTsN 1 Kota Pekanbaru dilakukan melalui uji korelasi ganda dan uji regresi linier berganda. Melalui uji korelasi ganda terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara supervisi Kepala Madrasah dengan profesionalitas guru, hal ini diperoleh nilai sig. untuk supervisi Kepala Madrasah sebesar 0.000. Hasil ini jika dibandingkan dengan nilai probabilitas 0.05, maka ia lebih kecil (0.000 < 0.05). Selain uji korelasi ganda juga dilakukan uji regresi linier berganda hasil analisis signifikan dengan nilai F sebesar 11.066 dengan signifikansi 0.000. Nilai taraf signifikansi 0.00 tersebut adalah lebih rendah dari pada 0.05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa supervisi Kepala Madrasah dan komitmen kerja guru secara bersama berpengaruh terhadap profesional guru di MTsN 1 Kota Pekanbaru, dengan taraf siginifikansi 0.00. maka Kepala Madrasah perlu terus melakukan Pengembangan supervisi dan program-program peningkatan komitmen kerja guru di MTsN 1 Kota Pekanbaru agar profesional guru tetap terus terjaga. Kata Kunci: Guru Profesional, Uji Korelasi Ganda, Uji Regresi Linier                                  Berganda
FENOMENA KORUPSI DI INDONESIA; Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Zikri Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Masih tingginya kasus tindak pidana korupsi menunjukkan pemberantasan korupsi belum maksimal. Salah satu faktor penyebabnya adalah lemahnya hukuman yang diberikan kepada pelaku tindak pidana korupsi. hukuman

diberikan mempunyai tujuan pemidanaan sebagai Preverensi Khusus bagi pelaku tindak pidana untuk tidak mengulangi perbuatannya dan Prevefensi Umum selain pelaku agar tidak melakukan tindakan serupa. Lebih lanjut, hukuman bagi pelaku tindak pidana korupsi belum mampu memberikan efek jera. Bentuk hukuman dan ukurannya dalam hukum pidana islam diserahkan kepada hakim karena ini dikategorikan kepada Ta’zir. Akan tetapi lebih baik jika dilakukan formulasi dalam sebuah Qanun. Hukum pidana islam memberikan porsi yang besar kepada Hakim dalam pemberian hukuman bagi pelaku tindak pidana sehingga menimbulkan disparitas putusan
DAKWAH MELALUI PENDIDIKAN: Kajian terhadap Orang Asli di Daerah Alor Gajah
Authors: Ahmad Ubaidah Ahmad Faiz Haji
Published: August 2021

Dakwah melalui pendidikan adalah penggerak dalam dunia realiti untuk menjayakan segala gerakan dakwah Islamiah. Kajian ini melihat keberkesanan dakwah melalui pendidikan dalam dakwah Islamiah terhadap masyarakat Orang Asli. Bagi mencapai objektif kajian, pengkaji menjalankan kajian perpustakaan. Selain itu. Pengkaji juga menggunakan kajian lapangan yang meliputi pemerhatian dan temubual. Temu bual di lakukan dengan menemu ramah pegawai di JAKOA dan pegawai dakwah JAIM. Analisis data kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa dakwah melalui pendidikan banyak memberi kesan kepada Orang Asli. Dapatan kajian ini seterusnya menunjukkan dakwah melalui pendidikan kepada Orang Asli sangat penting bagi memastikan bahawa masalah yang dihadapi dapat diatasi dengan beberapa metode seperti pengisian dan bimbingan yang berterusan bagi menarik minat yang lebih mendalam tentang ajaran Islam
TANAH WAKAF ANAK CUCU DI LIMBONG KAPAL: Satu Tinjauan Awal
Authors: Bin Ab Hamid Muhammad Hamizan , Bin Mat Rani Mohd Afandi
Published: August 2021

Wakaf Anak Cucu merupakan satu transaksi kehartaan yang unik dalam Islam. Ia tidak hanya dilihat sebagai satu bentuk pengabdian diri kepada Allah bahkan tanggungjawab sosial kepada masyarakat. Wakaf Anak Cucu memiliki nilai sosio ekonomi yang tinggi bagi membangunkan masyarakat. Kertas kerja ini akan membincangkan tentang pembangunan wakaf Anak Cucu di Kedah. Kertas kerja ini meliputi persoalan tentang pembangunan tanah wakaf Anak Cucu dan potensi pembangunan wakaf Anak Cucu serta manfaat pembangunan wakaf Anak Cucu. Kajian ini menggunakan dua kaedah utama iaitu kajian kepustakaan bagi mengumpul maklumat berkaitan wakaf dan kajian lapangan yang melibatkan aktiviti temu bual dengan informan penting bagi mendapatkan maklumat primer daripada mereka yang terlibat dengan pembangunan wakaf Anak Cucu. Kajian mendapati bahawa wakaf Anak Cucu mempunyai keistimewaan tersendiri dalam memastikan kelangsungan manfaat kepada ahli keluarga. Pembangunan wakaf Anak Cucu yang baik dapat memastikan harta dibangunkan dan manfaat darinya terus berkembang untuk kebaikan masyarakat.
MEREDAM MARAH, MENYEBAR RAHMAH Menengok Kembali Peran Agama di Ruang Publik dalam Masyarakat Majemuk
Authors: Abdullah M Amin
Published: August 2021

Tulisan ini, menguraian tentang bagaimana pengalaman keindonesiaan dalam berbangsa dan bernegara dan bagaimana tantangan yang dihadapi pasca era reformasi. Dua bagian tulisan pertama memaparkan bagaimana Indonesia dapat barhasil merawat toleransi, demokrasi dan kemajemukan di ruang publik. Banyak negara menghargai prestasi Indonesia dalam merawat toleransi, demokrasi dan kemajemukan penduduk dan masyarakatnya. Bagian ketiga tulisan ini menjelaskan tantangan dan ancaman yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat, bangsa dan negara Indonesia setelah pergantian rejim pemerintahan dari orde baru ke orde reformasi (1998) yang bertemu dan berpadu dengan berhembusnya badai panas dari gurun pasir Timur Tengah, Arab Spring (2010) bahkan sebelumnya. Bagian terakhir menyuguhkan bagaimana pemecahan ke depan lewat pintu pendidikan untuk menanggulangi badai proxy war yang menggunakan isu panas keagamaan dalam bermain politik kekuasaan sebagai corenya.
KETUHANAN YANG BERKEBUDAYAAN Menjadi Shaleh dalam Bingkai Kebudayaan
Authors: Alimuddin Alimuddin , Erdalina Tuty , Hanafi Imam
Published: August 2021

Diantara perdebatan yang nyaris melahirkan pertikaian di negeri ini, adalah gagasan tentang sebuah klausul “Ketuhanan yang Berkebudayaan” dalam Rancangan Undang-Undang Haluan Ideologi Pancasila (RUU HIP). Sebenarnya, sang penggagas, Soekarno, telah menyampaikan ini pada tahun 1945, ketika akan menetapkan Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara. Menurutnya, istilah itu, menegaskan bahwa Indonesia tegak atas dasar kekuatan agama. Kekuatan relasi agama dan negara di Indonesia, sangat sinergis dan tidak ada jurang pemisah antara keduanya, sehingga Indonesia sering juga disebut dengan religious nation state atau negara kebangsaan yang dijiwai oleh agama yang berketuhanan, bukan agama yang bertuhan. Di sini, sistem sosial politik dan kemasyarakat, ditopang oleh kesadaran akan nilai-nilai ketuhanan. Makna selanjutnya adalah bahwa seluruh warga bangsa harus mentransformasikan nilai-nilai ketuhanan atau nilai-nilai spritualnya kedalam relasi berbangsa dan bernegara, dalam kehidupan sosial-kemasyatakatan, dalam ruang-ruang publik. Dari proses transformasi ini, lalu membudaya dan membentuk karakter bangsa. Dalam situasi bangsa Indonesia yang heterogen, terdiri dari berbagai macam suku, bahasa, dan agama, maka transformasi akan nilai-nilai universal ketuhanan dari masing-masing agama, menjadi sangat penting untuk lakukan.