bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Re-stratification of patients with copy-number low endometrial cancer by clinicopathological characteristics
Authors: Liwei Li , He Li , Yibo Dai , Luyang Zhao , Zhihui Shen , Nan Kang , Danhua Shen , Junzhu Wang , Zhiqi Wang , Jianliu Wang
Published: October 2023

Objective

To stratify patients with copy-number low (CNL) endometrial cancer (EC) by clinicopathological characteristics.

Methods

EC patients who underwent surgery between June 2018 and June 2022 at Peking University People’s Hospital were included and further classified according to TCGA molecular subtyping: POLE ultramutated, microsatellite instability high (MSI-H), CNL, and copy-number high (CNH). Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of CNL patients were retrospectively reviewed. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to perform univariate and multivariate analysis, and independent risk factors were identified. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) according to overall survival (OS) were screened based on the transcriptome of CNL cases from the TCGA program. Finally, a nomogram was established, with an accuracy analysis performed.

Results

(1) A total of 279 EC patients were included, of whom 168 (60.2%) were in the CNL group. A total of 21 patients had recurrence and 6 patients deceased, and no significant difference in recurrence-free survival (RFS) was exhibited among the four molecular subtypes (P = 0.104), but that in overall survival (OS) was statistically significant (P = 0.036). (2) CNL patients were divided into recurrence and non-recurrence groups, and significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between the two groups in terms of pathological subtype, FIGO stage, ER, PR, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). All the above factors were included in univariate and multivariate Cox regression models, among which pathological subtype, PR, and HDL-C were statistically different (P < 0.05), resulting in three independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients in the CNL group. (3) By comparing the transcriptome of tumor tissues between living and deceased CNL patients from the TCGA database, 903 (4.4%) DEGs were screened, with four lipid metabolism pathways significantly enriched. Finally, a nomogram was established, and internal cross-validation was performed, showing good discrimination accuracy with an AUC of 0.831 and a C-index of 0.748 (95% CI 0.444–1.052). (4) According to the established nomogram and the median total score (85.89), patients were divided into the high score group (n = 85) and low score group (n = 83), and the 8 patients with recurrence were all in the high score group. Survival analysis was performed between the two groups, and the difference in RFS was statistically significant (P = 0.010).

Conclusion

In the CNL group of EC patients, pathological subtype, PR, and HDL-C were independent prognostic risk factors, the nomogram established based upon which had a good predictive ability for the recurrence risk of patients with CNL EC.
Analytical reference framework to analyze non-COVID-19 events
Authors: del Pilar Villamil María , Velasco Nubia , Barrera David , Segura-Tinoco Andrés , Bernal Oscar , Hernández José Tiberio
Published: October 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the healthcare system, leading to delays in detection of other non-COVID-19 diseases. This paper presents ANE Framework (Analytics for Non-COVID-19 Events), a reliable and user-friendly analytical forecasting framework designed to predict the number of patients with non-COVID-19 diseases. Prior to 2020, there were analytical models focused on specific illnesses and contexts. Then, most models have focused on understanding COVID-19 behavior. There is a lack of analytical frameworks that enable disease forecasting for non-COVID-19 diseases.

Methods

The ANE Framework utilizes time series analysis to generate forecasting models. The framework leverages daily data from official government sources and employs SARIMA models to forecast the number of non-COVID-19 cases, such as tuberculosis and suicide attempts.

Results

The framework was tested on five different non-COVID-19 events. The framework performs well across all events, including tuberculosis and suicide attempts, with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of up to 20% and the consistency remains independent of the behavior of each event. Moreover, a pairwise comparison of averages can lead to over or underestimation of the impact. The disruption caused by the pandemic resulted in a 17% gap (2383 cases) between expected and reported tuberculosis cases, and a 19% gap (2464 cases) for suicide attempts. These gaps varied between 20 and 64% across different cities and regions. The ANE Framework has proven to be reliable for analyzing several diseases and exhibits the flexibility to incorporate new data from various sources. Regular updates and the inclusion of new associated data enhance the framework's effectiveness.

Conclusions

Current pandemic shows the necessity of developing flexible models to be adapted to different illness data. The framework developed proved to be reliable for the different diseases analyzed, presenting enough flexibility to update with new data or even include new data from different databases. To keep updated on the result of the project allows the inclusion of new data associated with it. Similarly, the proposed strategy in the ANE framework allows for improving the quality of the obtained results with news events.
Safety and efficacy of pegunigalsidase alfa in patients with Fabry disease who were previously treated with agalsidase alfa: results from BRIDGE, a phase 3 open-label study
Authors: Linhart Aleš , Dostálová Gabriela , Nicholls Kathy , West Michael L. , Tøndel Camilla , Jovanovic Ana , Giraldo Pilar , Vujkovac Bojan , Geberhiwot Tarekegn , Brill-Almon Einat , Alon Sari , Chertkoff Raul , Rocco Rossana , Hughes Derralynn
Published: October 2023

Background

Pegunigalsidase alfa is a novel, PEGylated α-galactosidase-A enzyme-replacement therapy approved in the EU and US to treat patients with Fabry disease (FD).

Objective/methods

BRIDGE is a phase 3 open-label, switch-over study designed to assess safety and efficacy of 12 months of pegunigalsidase alfa (1 mg/kg every 2 weeks) treatment in adults with FD who had been previously treated with agalsidase alfa (0.2 mg/kg every 2 weeks) for ≥ 2 years.

Results

Twenty-seven patients were screened; 22 met eligibility criteria; and 20 (13 men, 7 women) completed the study. Pegunigalsidase alfa was well-tolerated, with 97% of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) being of mild or moderate severity. The incidence of treatment-related TEAEs was low, with 2 (9%) discontinuations due to TEAEs. Five patients (23%) reported infusion-related reactions. Overall mean (SD; n = 22) baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 82.5 (23.4) mL/min/1.73 m2 and plasma lyso-Gb3 level was 38.3 (41.2) nmol/L (men: 49.7 [45.8] nmol/L; women: 13.8 [6.1] nmol/L). Before switching to pegunigalsidase alfa, mean (standard error [SE]) annualized eGFR slope was − 5.90 (1.34) mL/min/1.73 m2/year; 12 months post-switch, the mean eGFR slope was − 1.19 (1.77) mL/min/1.73 m2/year; and mean plasma lyso-Gb3 reduced by 31%. Seven (35%) out of 20 patients were positive for pegunigalsidase alfa antidrug antibodies (ADAs) at ≥ 1 study timepoint, two of whom had pre-existing ADAs at baseline. Mean (SE) changes in eGFR slope for ADA-positive and ADA-negative patients were + 5.47 (3.03) and + 4.29 (3.15) mL/min/1.73 m2/year, respectively, suggesting no negative impact of anti-pegunigalsidase alfa ADAs on eGFR slope.

Conclusion

Pegunigalsidase alfa may offer a safe and effective treatment option for patients with FD, including those previously treated with agalsidase alfa.

TRN: NCT03018730. Date of registration: January 2017.
Autoimmune PaneLs as PrEdictors of Toxicity in Patients TReated with Immune Checkpoint InhibiTors (ALERT)
Authors: Genta Sofia , Lajkosz Katherine , Yee Noelle R. , Spiliopoulou Pavlina , Heirali Alya , Hansen Aaron R. , Siu Lillian L. , Saibil Sam , Stayner Lee-Anne , Yanekina Maryia , Sauder Maxwell B. , Keshavarzi Sareh , Salawu Abdulazeez , Vornicova Olga , Butler Marcus O. , Bedard Philippe L. , Razak Albiruni R. Abdul , Rottapel Robert , Chruscinski Andrzej , Coburn Bryan , Spreafico Anna
Published: October 2023

Background

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in a significant proportion of patients. The mechanisms underlying irAEs development are mostly unknown and might involve multiple immune effectors, such as T cells, B cells and autoantibodies (AutoAb).

Methods

We used custom autoantigen (AutoAg) microarrays to profile AutoAb related to irAEs in patients receiving ICI. Plasma was collected before and after ICI from cancer patients participating in two clinical trials (NCT03686202, NCT02644369). A one-time collection was obtained from healthy controls for comparison. Custom arrays with 162 autoAg were used to detect IgG and IgM reactivities. Differences of median fluorescent intensity (MFI) were analyzed with Wilcoxon sign rank test and Kruskal–Wallis test. MFI 500 was used as threshold to define autoAb reactivity.

Results

A total of 114 patients and 14 healthy controls were included in this study. irAEs of grade (G) ≥ 2 occurred in 37/114 patients (32%). We observed a greater number of IgG and IgM reactivities in pre-ICI collections from patients versus healthy controls (62 vs 32 p < 0.001). Patients experiencing irAEs G ≥ 2 demonstrated pre-ICI IgG reactivity to a greater number of AutoAg than patients who did not develop irAEs (39 vs 33 p = 0.040). We observed post-treatment increase of IgM reactivities in subjects experiencing irAEs G ≥ 2 (29 vs 35, p = 0.021) and a decrease of IgG levels after steroids (38 vs 28, p = 0.009).

Conclusions

Overall, these results support the potential role of autoAb in irAEs etiology and evolution. A prospective study is ongoing to validate our findings (NCT04107311).
Development of super-specific epigenome editing by targeted allele-specific DNA methylation
Authors: Rajaram Nivethika , Kouroukli Alexandra G. , Bens Susanne , Bashtrykov Pavel , Jeltsch Albert
Published: October 2023

Background

Epigenome editing refers to the targeted reprogramming of genomic loci using an EpiEditor which may consist of an sgRNA/dCas9 complex that recruits DNMT3A/3L to the target locus. Methylation of the locus can lead to a modulation of gene expression. Allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) refers to the targeted methylation delivery only to one allele of a locus. In the context of diseases caused by a dominant mutation, the selective DNA methylation of the mutant allele could be used to repress its expression but retain the functionality of the normal gene.

Results

To set up allele-specific targeted DNA methylation, target regions were selected from hypomethylated CGIs bearing a heterozygous SNP in their promoters in the HEK293 cell line. We aimed at delivering maximum DNA methylation with highest allelic specificity in the targeted regions. Placing SNPs in the PAM or seed regions of the sgRNA, we designed 24 different sgRNAs targeting single alleles in 14 different gene loci. We achieved efficient ASM in multiple cases, such as ISG15, MSH6, GPD1L, MRPL52, PDE8A, NARF, DAP3, and GSPT1, which in best cases led to five to tenfold stronger average DNA methylation at the on-target allele and absolute differences in the DNA methylation gain at on- and off-target alleles of > 50%. In general, loci with the allele discriminatory SNP positioned in the PAM region showed higher success rate of ASM and better specificity. Highest DNA methylation was observed on day 3 after transfection followed by a gradual decline. In selected cases, ASM was stable up to 11 days in HEK293 cells and it led up to a 3.6-fold change in allelic expression ratios.

Conclusions

We successfully delivered ASM at multiple genomic loci with high specificity, efficiency and stability. This form of super-specific epigenome editing could find applications in the treatment of diseases caused by dominant mutations, because it allows silencing of the mutant allele without repression of the expression of the normal allele thereby minimizing potential side-effects of the treatment.
Remimazolam tosylate's long-term sedative properties in ICU patients on mechanical ventilation: effectiveness and safety
Authors: Yao Zhiyuan , Liao Zhaomin , Li Guang , Wang Lu , Zhan Liying , Xia Wenfang
Published: October 2023

Objective

This study compared remimazolam tosylate with propofol or midazolam to assess its safety and effectiveness for long-term sedation of intensive care unit (ICU) patients requiring mechanical ventilation.

Methods

Adult patients in the ICU receiving sedation and mechanical ventilation for longer than 24 h were included in this single-center, prospective, observational study. Depending on the sedatives they were given, they were split into two groups (midazolam or propofol group; remimazolam group). ICU mortality was the main result. Laboratory tests, adverse events, and the length of ICU stay were considered secondary outcomes.

Results

A total of 106 patients were involved (46 received propofol or midazolam versus 60 received remimazolam). Age (P = 0.182), gender (P = 0.325), and the amount of time between being admitted to the ICU and receiving medication infusion (P = 0.770) did not substantially differ between the two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in ICU mortality between the two groups. The remimazolam group showed less variability in heart rate (P = 0.0021), pH (P = 0.048), bicarbonate (P = 0.0133), lactate (P = 0.0002), arterial blood gas analyses, liver, and kidney function. The Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale scores, length of ICU stay, and occurrence of adverse events did not exhibit significant differences between the two groups.

Conclusion

Remimazolam tosylate did not increase the total inpatient cost, the incidence of adverse events, and ICU mortality in patients with mechanical ventilation. These findings suggest that remimazolam may represent a promising alternative for sedation in the ICU setting.
Gamma-interferon assay for the ancillary diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in urban and adjacent areas of Dhaka city, Bangladesh
Authors: Rumi Tanzida Begum , Islam Sk. Shaheenur , Islam Robiul , Faisal Md. Mahmudul Hasan , Kabir S. M. Lutful , Rahman A. K. M. Anisur , Rahim Zeaur
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an infectious disease of cattle, mainly caused by Mycobacterium bovis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) assay and single-intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICTT) in detecting bTB.

Materials and Methods: In an earlier study, 150 positive, 83 inconclusive, and 480 negative animals from 24 cattle herds were screened using SICTT. From these groups, 125 positive, 17 inconclusive, and six negative animals were subsequently verified using the IFN-γ assay. Single-intradermal comparative tuberculin test outcomes were interpreted according to standard guidelines, whereas blood samples were collected and stimulated with purified protein derivatives. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure secreted IFN-γ. Concordant and Bayesian latent class analyses were performed to evaluate test performance.

Results: Results from the IFN-γ assay revealed that 83.2%, 64.7%, and 16.67% of the animals were positive in the SICTT-positive, inconclusive, and negative animal categories, respectively. Sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) of SICTT were 83.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 77.4-90.1) and 95.7% (95% CI: 86.9-99.7), respectively. Sensitivity and SP for the IFN-γ assay were 78.9% (95% CI: 71.9-85.4) and 83.9% (65.9-95.9), respectively. The use of both tests in parallel increases the SE of bTB detection (~94%), compared with SICTT alone.

Conclusion: Use of the IFN-γ assay with SICTT in parallel, predominantly on cattle demonstrating an inconclusive SICTT outcome, boosts bTB detection rate in low resource settings.

Keywords: Bayesian latent class analysis, farmed dairy cattle, gamma-interferon assay, single-intradermal comparative tuberculin test.
Fashion consumption behaviors of sustainability consumers: Fast fashion or slow fashion?
Authors: Güven Hüseyin , Yakın Volkan
Published: October 2023

Sustainability is a critical issue shaping our future, and consumer behavior is a major force in this area. Conscious choices of consumers have a critical impact on businesses achieving their sustainability goals. In order to protect the quality of life of future generations and protect our planet, it is of great importance that the interaction between consumers and businesses is shaped on the basis of sustainability. Sustainability is influential in different sectors and fields such as health, transportation, fashion and clothing, tourism and travel. Especially the clothing and fashion industry has a great potential in terms of sustainability. The fashion industry is a huge industry serving people around the world to foster creativity, trends and personal expression. Since the fashion sector has a great role in the destruction of nature, researchers and marketers have drawn attention to the importance of slow fashion and sustainability in order to raise awareness of the producer and the consumer. Therefore, sustainability is becoming an increasingly important issue in the fashion industry. Within the scope of this study, the effect of consumers' knowledge of sustainability on their attitudes and perceptions towards advertising messages and their fast/slow fashion preferences are examined.
(Extended English summary is at the end of this document)
Özet
 
Sürdürülebilirlik, geleceğimizi şekillendiren kritik bir konudur ve tüketici davranışları bu alanda büyük bir güç oluşturur. Tüketicilerin bilinçli tercihleri, işletmelerin sürdürülebilirlik hedeflerine ulaşmasında kritik bir etkiye sahiptir. Gelecek nesillerin yaşam kalitesini ve gezegenimizi korumak için, tüketiciler ve işletmeler arasındaki etkileşimin sürdürülebilirlik temelinde şekillenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Sürdürülebilirlik sağlık, ulaşım, moda ve giyim, turizm ve seyahat gibi farklı sektörlerde ve alanlarda etkilidir. Özellikle giyim ve moda sektörü, sürdürülebilirlik açısından büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Moda endüstrisi, yaratıcılığı, trendleri ve kişisel ifadeyi teşvik etmek için dünyanın dört bir yanındaki insanlara hizmet veren devasa bir sektördür. Doğanın tahrip edilmesinde moda sektörünün rolü büyük olduğundan dolayı üreticinin ve tüketicinin bilinçlenmesi için araştırmacılar ve pazarlamacılar yavaş moda ve sürdürülebilirliğin önemine dikkat çekmişlerdir. Bu nedenle, sürdürülebilirlik moda sektöründe giderek daha önemli bir konu haline gelmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında tüketicilerin sürdürülebilirlik konusunda bilinç düzeylerinin reklam mesajlarına yönelik tutum ve algıları ile hızlı/yavaş moda tercihleri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmektedir.
Bridging the pragmatic gap between native and non-native English instructors: A comparative analysis of apology patterns
Authors: Kalay Dilşah
Published: October 2023

The communicative movement, which emerged in the early 1970s, has been pivotal in shifting the focus of language study towards the contextual use of language. Within this movement, the field of pragmatics has come to the forefront, illuminating the intricate relationship between language and context. Pragmatics presents a unique challenge in language acquisition. It encompasses two critical dimensions: pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic knowledge. Pragmalinguistic knowledge involves the ability to employ specific linguistic forms to convey intended meanings within a given context. In contrast, sociopragmatic knowledge delves deeper, demanding an understanding of the temporal and societal norms that govern when and where linguistic forms should be employed. The successful execution of speech acts serves as a vivid illustration of this duality, requiring proficiency in both pragmalinguistic forms and adherence to sociocultural norms within a language community. The present study seeks to address this gap (with the research aim) by investigating the pragmatic competence of non-native English teachers in comparison to their native counterparts. We specifically focus on their speech act productions, aiming to shed light on any discernible differences. Our research findings carry broader conclusions and some implications for language pedagogy as they contribute to our understanding of the complex interplay between language acquisition, contextual factors, and pragmatic competence. This study investigates the pragmatic competence of non-native English teachers, comparing it to that of native English teachers, with a specific focus on their speech act productions. By shedding light on these differences, this research contributes to our understanding of the intricate interplay between language acquisition, context, and pragmatic competence. Ultimately, it underscores the importance of incorporating explicit pragmatics training in teacher development programs, equipping educators with the tools needed to foster comprehensive language proficiency.
When core sorting and quality grading is beneficial to remanufacturers: Insights from analytical models
Authors: Cao X.H. , Shi X.L. , Lan H.J. , Huang D.
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we study the core acquisition and remanufacturing problem in which the remanufactured products are produced from acquired cores with uncertain quality condition, and are used to satisfy customer demand. Decision-making models are developed to examine the potential value of core sorting and quality grading in the remanufacturing system: a single-period model with deterministic demand, and a single-period model with stochastic demand (i.e., a newsvendor-type model). In each model, both the sorting strategy and the non-sorting strategy are discussed and compared. Our theoretical and numerical results show that: (1) In the deterministic demand case, core sorting is cost-effective only when the unit sorting cost is below a threshold value and the unit acquisition cost falls into a specific interval. Furthermore, in the case with two quality grades the adoption of sorting strategy with respect to the expected fraction of high-quality cores may be non-monotone: an initial increase in the expected fraction of high-quality cores may motivate a switch to core sorting, however, further increase in the expected fraction may motivate a reverse switch; (2) Similarly, in the stochastic demand case, the sorting strategy also becomes unattractive when the unit sorting cost is sufficiently high. In addition, the value of core sorting will be better off under more fluctuating demand for remanufactured products if the sorting strategy is the dominant strategy. Otherwise, it will be worse off.
Ranking dominant losses in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the context of the lean concept application
Authors: Kondic V. , Maglic L. , Runje L. , Maric D.
Published: October 2023

The Lean concept was devised in large business systems and is tailored to this way of conducting business. It is a set of principles, techniques and procedures used to identify and eliminate losses within processes. The results of applying this concept are impressive. Western businesses are delighted with the success of large enterprises that have implemented or have begun to implement the Lean concept. Considering the structures of business systems in transitional and EU countries, a question has arisen as to whether it is possible to apply the Lean concept to small and medium-sized enterprises, as these account for more than 99 % of all business systems. The research which was conducted with the goal of designing a suitable model for the implementation of the Lean concept in small to medium-sized enterprises was based on an analysis of the essential elements of this concept. This article presents part of the conducted research that refers to analysis of losses and identification of the dominant losses according to the opinions of real sector experts and scientists from the academic community. The results of this research were used to define procedures for the elimination of major losses and design a final model for the implementation of the Lean concept in small and medium-sized enterprises.
Simulation and Genetic Algorithm-based approach for multi-objective optimization of production planning: A case study in industry
Authors: Bojic S. , Maslaric M. , Mircetic D. , Nikolicic S. , Todorovic V.
Published: October 2023

To stay competitive on the constantly changing and demanding market, production systems need to optimize their performance daily. This is particularly challenging in labour-intensive industries, which is characterized by highly volatile customer demand and significant daily variability of available workers. The Uncertainty related to the key production parameters in the industry is causing disruptions in long-term production planning and optimization, which leads to the long lead production times, operational risks and accumulation of inventory. To address these challenges, production systems need to ensure adequate operational production planning and optimization of all variables that are influencing the productivity of their systems on a daily basis. To tackle the problem, this study elaborates the application of discrete event simulations and genetic algorithm, using the Tecnomatix Plant Simulation software, to support decision-making and operational production planning and optimization in the industry. The simulation model developed for this purpose considers: customers demand changes, variable production times, operationally available resources and production batch size, to provide an optimal production sequence with the highest number of produced pieces and the lowest total work in process (WIP) inventory per day. To demonstrate the efficiency of the methodology and prove the benefits of the selected optimization approach, a case study is conducted in the textile factory.
İKTİSADİ HAYATTAKİ CİNSİYET AYRIMCILIĞI: YÖNETİCİLİK POZİSYONUNDA AYRIMCILIĞA SEBEP OLAN FAKTÖRLERİN ANALİZİ
Authors: ÇAKMAK İsmail
Published: October 2023

Cinsiyet ayrımcılığı, hayatın her alanında olduğu gibi iktisadi hayatta da dramatik biçimde varlığını sürdürmektedir. Eşitsizliğin ve ayrımcılığın geçmişten günümüze bazı ülke ve ülke gruplarında azaldığı gözlemlense de hala süregelmesi, konunun nedenlerinin derinlemesine araştırılmasını gerektirmektedir. Özellikle çalışma hayatında üst basamaklara doğru çıkıldığında ayrımcılığa algıların, çeşitli sosyo-ekonomik ve demografik faktörlerin etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de yöneticilik pozisyonunda cinsiyet ayrımcılığı yaratan faktörleri tespit etmeye çalışmaktır. Bu bağlamda Avrupa Değerler Araştırması/Dünya Değerler Araştırmasının 2018 yılı Türkiye verileri probit yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, eşitliği sağlayabilmek maksadı ile en önemli belirleyicinin annenin eğitimi olduğu görülmüştür. Buna göre annenin eğitim düzeyi yükseldikçe erkeklerin kadınlardan daha iyi yöneticilik yapabileceğine dair algının anlamlı derecede azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca, yaş, kişinin kendi eğitim düzeyi, medeni hal, yaşanılan yerin büyüklüğü gibi parametrelerin de söz konusu algıyı azaltan diğer faktörler olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmanın sonucunda gelir düzeyinin ise herhangi bir anlamlı etkisi tespit edilmemiştir.
Cultural and Linguistic Capital of Second-Generation Migrants in Cyprus and Sweden
Authors: Karpava Sviatlana , Ringblom Natasha
Published: October 2023

The linguistic and cultural values of migrants, as well as their attitudes and behaviour, differ from those of the host society. All resources and values can be characterised as linguistic and cultural capital, which can provide migrants with certain advantages in their new country of settlement. A heritage language (HL) and knowledge about another culture are important components of this linguistic cultural capital. It is crucial for multi-generational families to maintain their HL and transmit the culture of their heritage to help individuals gain a better understanding of their own identity. This study aims to investigate the views, attitudes, and beliefs of second-generation migrants in Cyprus and Sweden in relation to their HL, linguistic and cultural capital, factors affecting HL use, maintenance, and development, as well as their future plans and aspirations regarding HL transmission. Narrative analysis of the semi-structured interviews revealed certain differences and similarities between the countries under investigation regarding the personal reflections of the participants and their perceptions regarding the role of family language policies, home literacy environments, child and parental agency, socio-emotional well-being, local context, and other internal and external factors influencing HL use, maintenance, and transmission. Storytelling proved to be an effective method of narrative inquiry, providing a deeper insight into the complex process of HL development and support. In addition, it offered participants an opportunity to reflect on their personality, language, and culture.
Introduction: Everyday Verbal and Cultural Practices of the Russian Speakers Abroad
Authors: Protassova Ekaterina , Yelenevskaya Maria
Published: October 2023

The Russian-speaking space plays an important role for diasporans: starting a business, founding a company, seeking legal advice, or high-quality medical treatment is always more convenient when participants understand the nuances of communication in a common language. It facilitates the understanding of highly specialized fields such as legislation and medicine. In business, it makes presumptions and expectations transparent, and common values allow the quality scale to be defined and shared. The sphere of activities conducted in the diaspora in Russian depends on the contingent of immigrants: their education, career aspirations, and interests. Integration in a new society is closely linked to the level of language proficiency in the local language/s and also in English as the lingua franca of science, commerce, and entertainment. Yet, Russian often competes with the other languages and serves as a unifying factor for communities with a background in the former Soviet Union. In the present special issue, the authors combine sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology while analyzing the everyday verbal and cultural practices of Russian speakers abroad. Observations of communication in immigrant groups reveal the cultural potential of the speakers as reflected in their discourse. They demonstrate a variety of lifestyles and practices, but have a strong sense of cultural identity.
Constructing the perception of ‘annoying’ words and phrases in interaction: An analysis of delegitimisation strategies used in interviews and online discussions in Finnish
Authors: Priiki Katri
Published: October 2023

This study examines the linguistic metadiscourse on expressions perceived as ‘annoying’ and the strategies used to justify this perception. Two different types of data are examined in which verbal hygiene is practised in interaction: language biography interviews and anonymous online discussions. In the examined datasets, the discussion begins with an explicit question regarding annoying words and phrases. The themes discussed and the delegitimisation strategies adopted by a participant are affected by other participants. In interviews, minor reformulations of the question can be leading, and in online discussions, other writers regulate the debate with counter-arguments, which leads to a wider variety of delegitimisation strategies. The analysis also shows a counter-discourse to verbal hygiene.
INTELLIGENT SYSTEM BASED ON A CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR IDENTIFYING PEOPLE WITHOUT BREATHING MASKS
Authors: Sheremet Oleksii I. , Korobov Oleksandr Ye. , Sadovoi Oleksandr V. , Sokhina Yuliia V.
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a huge impact on people and communities. Many organizations face significant disruptions and issues that require immediate response and resolution. Social distancing, breathing masks and eye protection as preventive measures against the spread of COVID-19 in the absence of an effective antiviral vaccine play an important role. Banning unmasked shopping in supermarkets and shopping malls is mandatory in most countries. However, with a large number of buyers, the security is not able to check the presence of breathing masks on everyone. It is necessary to introduce intelligent automation tools to help the work of security. In this regard, the paper proposes an up-to-date solution – an intelligent system for identifying people without breathing masks. The proposed intelligent system works in conjunction with a video surveillance system. A video surveillance sys-tem has a structure that includes video cameras, recorders (hard disk drives) and monitors. Video cameras shoot sales areas and transmit the video image to recording devices, which, in turn, record what is happening and display the video from the cameras di-rectly on the monitor. The main idea of the proposed solution is the use of an intelligent system for classifying images periodically received from cameras of a video surveillance system. The developed classifier divides the image stream into two classes. The first class is “a person in a breathing mask” and the second is “a person without a breathing mask”. When an image of the second class appears, that is, a person who has removed a breathing mask or entered a supermarket without a breathing mask, the security service will immediately receive a message indicating the problem area. The intelligent system for image classification is based on a convo-lution neural network VGG-16. In practice, this architecture shows good results in the classification of images with great similarity. To train the neural network model, the Google Colab cloud service was used – this is a free service based on Jupyter Notebook. The trained model is based on an open source machine learning platform TensorFlow. The effectiveness of the proposed solution is con-firmed by the correct processing of the practically obtained dataset. The classification accuracy is up to 90 %.
REDUCTION OF THE HARMFUL EFFECT OF CRITICAL MODES IN THE OPERATION QUEUE ENVIRONMENT FOR AUTHORIZATION PROTOCOLS FOR LARGE REQUESTS
Authors: Surkov Sergii S.
Published: October 2023

An essential part of web security is keeping the payload intact from changes. The data during transmission could be changed, where the encryption is not used, or the data gets decrypted in the middle of the transmission. In our previous researches, the “chunking” method was introduced, which was compared with the “Buffering to file” method. The comparison showed the reduction of recourse consumption. In a multithreading environment, to manage resources efficiently, it is vital to distribute the workload among processor cores. A decent solution for using multithreading efficiently is operation queues. However, if too many operations are accumulated in the operation queue, the system falls into the critical mode. It is characterized by the increase of memory consumption, which may cause the instability of the system. In the course of the study, the main parameters were determined, influencing the data processing speed, and insignificant ones were excluded from the calculation. Earlier, a method was developed for determining the conditions for the falling of a system to a critical mode. It was used as a starting point for the experimental research. A new method based on the method of identifying critical modes in the operation queue is proposed. It differs from existing ones by the ability to simulate critical modes at a given workload, which allows predicting critical modes in order to reduce their negative effect. A series of experiments were carried out, and the results were used to study the dependences of memory consumption on the number of connections and writing speed in critical modes. From the study, three types of critical modes were determined. This made it possible to establish the patterns of the emergence of critical modes in information systems and their impact on the available memory. The formulas are obtained that approximate the experimental data: the dependence of the used memory on the number of connections and the write speed. The research results can be used in the development of information systems and theanalysis of failures.
AUTOMATED STUDENT ATTENDANCE MONITORING SYSTEM IN CLASSROOM BASED ON CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Le Quoc Tuan , Antoshchuk Svitlana G. , Nguyen Thi Khanh Tien , Tran The Vinh , Dang Nhan Cach
Published: October 2023

Attending classes by students is associated with the assimilation of educational material by students and the ability to plan and organize activities. However, at present in educational institutions, as a rule, student attendance is recorded manually. Activities are performed frequently and repeatedly, thus wasting instructors' study time. Additionally, the face is one of the most widely used biometric characteristics for personal identification so an automated attendance system using face recognition has been proposed. In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have become the dominant deep le11arning method for face recognition. In this article, the features of building an automated student attendance system by biometric face recognition using the convolution neural network modelhas been discussed. Analyzed and solved the main tasks that arise when building an automated student attendance monitoring system: creating a dataset of students' face images; building and training a biometric face recognition model; face recognition from the camera and registration in the database; extension to the face image dataset. The use of the capabilities of the Python and OpenCV libraries is shown. The conducted testing of the accuracy of the developed CNN model of biometric face recognition showed good results – the overall accuracy score is not less than 0.75. The developed automated student attendance monitoring system in classrooms can be used to determine student attendance in different forms of the educational process. Its implementation will significantly reduce the monitoring time and reduce the number of errors in maintaining attendance logs. The introduction of an automated attendance monitoring system will significantly improve the organization of the educational process to ensure its quality.
The Practice of Global Anti-Dumping Protection Against Individual Economies: Evidence from Ukraine
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Krasnikova Nataliya , Mykhailenko Olha ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: October 2023

Crisis processes in the global economy necessitate additional support for national producers and may provoke an increase in the number of initiated anti-dumping investigations. The study found that anti-dumping measures are no longer mere substitutes for liberalized basic customs tariffs in their scope. They are independent protectionist instruments that actively discriminate against foreign competitors on the basis of their calculation methods and set high barriers to entry into the domestic market. The paper provides a comparative analysis of objects of anti-dumping measures in all countries of the world and Ukraine. The nature of the influence on granting the country the status of a country with a market economy on the number and effectiveness of antidumping investigations is determined on the example of Ukraine. The effectiveness of anti-dumping investigations initiated by the US and the EU in relation to Ukraine has been studied.
Digitalization of Business Processes as an Element of the Strategy for Sustainable Smart Development of Business Structures
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Bavyko Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

The article is aimed at defining the content characteristics and organizational and technological prerequisites for the digitalization of business processes of logistics enterprises in the process of implementing the tasks of the sustainable smart development strategy. Based on the results of the analysis of the management practices of the studied enterprises, a list of digital technologies, three stages of technological development of digital innovations (automation, virtualization, smartification) are identified, and a chronological model of business process digitalization consisting of four waves of 9-10 years is formed. It is established that the main prerequisites for digitalization are the constant production of digital innovations against the background of intensifying competition between market leaders and solving the problems of sustainable development based on the ability to respond quickly to permanent changes in the external environment.
Comparative Assessment of the Efficiency of the Enterprise According to Systematic and Integral Approaches
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Brahina Olha , Stelmaschuk Dmytro ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2023

In the article, the authors made a comparative assessment of the efficiency of the enterprise using systems and integrated approaches. Within the framework of the study, the main stages of the analysis of the company's activity were determined and it was noted that when choosing a methodology for evaluating the company's activity, two approaches are used, in particular systemic and integral, and their characteristics are given. In the course of the study, an analysis scheme and a system of main indicators for evaluating the efficiency of the enterprise's activity based on system analysis are presented. Particular attention should be paid to the indicators characterizing the integrated approach to the assessment of efficiency, in particular the integral indicator of the economic efficiency of economic activity, the rate of intensity of development of the enterprise and the rate of economic growth of the enterprise.
Coordination of Financial Flows Within the Organizational and Technological System
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Zakharchenko Vitaliy , Kandieieva Vira ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2023

The research examines the issue of planning and control of the break-even operation of organizational and technological systems at innovatively active enterprises throughout the entire period of implementation of the production program for the release of innovative products. Attention is paid to the characteristics of the main indicator of profitability and financial stability of innovative production – profitability. It is emphasized that in each planning period, the profitability of the system depends on the amount of direct costs for the formation of orders and fixed costs of the entire innovative enterprise. Using the method of a multistep process, the formation of the payment table was formalized during the execution of the developed program. The formation of the payment system is closely related to the problem of managing financial flows and it should be considered from the standpoint of general planning and control of cash flows between the system and external economic entities, internal flows of the system. The definition of the algorithm of the mathematical model of the task of determining the financial flows of the organizational and technological system with the early cycle of innovative production is presented.
The Labor Market in Ukraine During the War: Analysis of Dynamics and Challenges
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine ", Gavrysh Iuliia ,   Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Tulchynska Svitlana ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Symonenko Anzhela ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: October 2023

This article analyzes the impact of the war on the labor market in Ukraine. It compares the state of the market before the start of the conflict with the current state, looking at structural changes, employment and unemployment rates, and the impact on the incomes of the population. The article also focuses on the specifics of employment and social protection for veterans, internally displaced persons, and minorities. It evaluates government policy and recommends necessary reforms, support for entrepreneurship, and investment in infrastructure development. The final conclusions emphasize the importance of an integrated approach and the cooperation of various parties.
Economic Analysis of Construction Equipment in Public Projects in Jordan
Authors: Hammad Ayman Abdallah Abu
Published: October 2023

Escalating project costs in Jordan is a great challenge for public project managers and decision-makers. This research aims to calculate the financial feasibility of owning versus renting heavy equipment. Real data were collected from 12 public construction governorates in Jordan. The data covered rental and ownership costs of construction equipment over two years 2021& 2022. Present worth analysis over a 10-year service life showed that The ownership option is found economically feasible over the year-long rental option at a monetary saving of 30,000 JD per equipment per year. The cumulative curve for the year-long rental breaks even with the equipment ownership curve in the eighth year. After eight years of life, the ownership option becomes economically favored over the year-long rental option. On the other hand, the on-call rental option is found economically feasible compared to the ownership option with over 120,000 JD savings per equipment per year. Finally, research conclusions provide insight for government decision-makers to save substantial costs from the public project budget.
The Reason Behind Imam Al-Shafi'i's Denial of Commendation- A Contemporary Applied Jurisprudential Study
Authors: Al-Faqih Rawan Mohammed , Al-Jaber Saleh
Published: October 2023

This study identifies the reasons for Imam Al-Shafi'i's rejection of “Istihsan” or juristic preference. The study explains the concept of Istihsan, its components, the schools of jurisprudence, “ijma'” or consensus, and the attitude of ancient and contemporary jurists towards Istihsan. Scholars' opinions regarding acceptance or rejection are also presented. Contemporary applications are examined where jurists have employed Istihsan, highlighting its legitimacy and its impact on facilitating matters for Muslims in their daily lives. Istihsan is a fundamental principle of Islamic jurisprudence aimed to facilitate Muslims' lives while adhering to the divine law. Jurists reject Istihsan based on legal evidence and serve the objectives of the Sharia, as well as being a legitimate argument in itself. Furthermore, the study explores contemporary jurisprudential issues and branches based on Istihsan, their formulation, and grounding. This enables jurists to apply fundamental jurisprudential principles to the evolving issues and circumstances of people's lives.