bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An incursion into the “non-respectable” side of fieldwork
Authors: Caldeira Teresa Pires do Rio
Published: January 2024

Abstract This article was originally published in 1981. It addresses ethical and methodological questions involved in fieldwork among people from the anthropologist’s own society, but from a subaltern social group. It asks: What does legitimate the scientific methods of investigating other people’s lives, making them appear as acceptable instead of as object of resistance? It uses Foucault’s analysis of social sciences’ regimes of power-truth to understand what frames different methodologies of research and the author’s practices. It considers that field research is structured in the context of a certain regime of production of scientific knowledge that legitimates relationships of power in which one asks to know everything and the others feel obliged to tell the truth that, however, only the questioner will be able to reveal. The article argues that what is presented as truth either in interviews or in the text of the analyst is the product of a certain relationship shaped by power imbalances and social inequality. Moreover, it suggests that the field relationship is productive: What is said did not exist before ready to be revealed, but was constructed in this uneven relationship. Therefore, the interpretation of field data must always consider the conditions of its production.
Uma incursão pelo lado “não-respeitável” da pesquisa de campo
Authors: Caldeira Teresa Pires do Rio
Published: January 2024

Resumo Este artigo foi originalmente publicado em 1981. Ele discute questões éticas e metodológicas envolvidas no trabalho de campo com pessoas da mesma sociedade da antropóloga, mas de grupos subalternos, indagando: o que legitima os métodos científicos de investigação da vida dos outros, fazendo com que pareçam aceitáveis, ao invés de questionáveis? O estudo baseia-se na análise de Foucault sobre regimes de saber-poder nas ciências sociais, para entender o que molda diferentes metodologias de pesquisa e as práticas da autora. Considera que a pesquisa de campo é estruturada no contexto de um regime de produção de conhecimento científico que legitima relações de poder nas quais um pede para saber tudo e o outro se sente obrigado a dizer a verdade que, no entanto, só quem pergunta será capaz de revelar. O artigo argumenta que o que é apresentado como verdade ou em entrevistas ou no texto da análise é produto de uma certa relação, marcada por diferenças de poder e desigualdade social. Além disso, sugere que a relação de trabalho de campo é produtiva: o que é dito não existia antes para ser revelado, mas foi construído nessa relação desigual. Assim, a interpretação de dados de campo sempre tem que considerar as condições de sua produção.
Cartografias em confluências: afetividades emergentes do encontro com a loucura em conflito com a lei
Authors: Silva Érica Quinaglia
Published: January 2024

Resumo Pesquisas qualitativas, especificamente etnográficas, trazem desafios para o sistema de revisão ética vigente no Brasil. Nesses estudos, é da relação imbricada com a prática que se constrói a teoria. Ademais, não se trata de pesquisas feitas em, e sim com pessoas e/ou grupos sociais, construídas por meio de uma relação intersubjetiva e também afetiva. Para refletir sobre ética, poder, subjetividades e afetividades, parto do estudo de um caso, a pesquisa que desenvolvo há mais de uma década sobre a loucura em conflito com a lei. A obtenção do consentimento livre e esclarecido, a manutenção (ou não) do anonimato, a preservação da imagem das/dos participantes, a realização de pagamento pela participação na pesquisa, a devolução dos resultados e a avaliação de riscos e benefícios são algumas das reflexões que perpassam este estudo. Fazer etnografia significa implicar-se em outra realidade, afetar e ser afetado por outrem. Reconhecer essa reflexividade consiste em expandir o que se entende por ética e (re)politizar seu uso. Trata-se de evocar um sentido amplo de ética em pesquisa, que abarca uma outra sensibilidade científica e também política.
Entrando no campo da desinformação: emoções conflitantes e os limites da relativização
Authors: Sacramento Igor , Falcão Hully , Monari Ana Carolina
Published: January 2024

Resumo Este artigo aborda o papel das emoções dos pesquisadores e de seus interlocutores na pesquisa de campo sobre desinformação, a partir de uma investigação sobre os usos do Telegram na circulação e apropriação de informações sobre covid-19. Partindo de uma reflexão sobre o emocional na construção do conhecimento antropológico e os limites da relativização no contato com grupos considerados “anticiência” por meio da antropologia digital, o estudo debate o lugar das emoções conflitantes e em jogo na relação entre nós e os sujeitos observados durante a pesquisa. Propomos, por fim, uma mudança conceitual: do negacionismo, como sistema explicativo da negação de princípios considerados básicos de conhecimentos e evidências científicas, para o afirmativismo, que destaca a afirmação de grupos sociais, de seus valores, crenças e cosmovisões.
Menos acidentes, mais mortes. A mecanização agrícola nos canaviais brasileiros e seus reflexos sobre os trabalhadores, no período de 2012 a 2020
Authors: Lima José Rodolfo Tenório , Rumin Cassiano Ricardo
Published: January 2024

Resumo A expansão do uso de máquinas no campo tem promovido alterações no mundo do trabalho canavieiro. Frente a este cenário, lança-se a questão: Como se comportam os acidentes de trabalho e as mortes na realidade mecanizada dos canaviais brasileiros? Predominantemente quantitativa, a investigação que subsidia este texto se vale de dados secundários levantados junto à Plataforma Smartlab e a bases oficiais do governo ligadas ao mercado de trabalho formal (RAIS). Os resultados indicam que o conjunto de atividades agrícolas (manuais e mecanizadas) experimentou queda na incidência de acidentes de trabalho, mas não apresentou redução da taxa de mortes relacionadas ao trabalho. Como resultado, a letalidade foi ampliada no período demonstrando a preservação da superexploração dos trabalhadores. Espera-se que este texto possa lançar luz sobre os desdobramentos gerados pelo processo de mecanização agrícola, no que diz respeito a saúde e segurança dos canavieiros.
Downregulation of miR-503-5p Promotes the Development of Pancreatic Cancer by Targeting Cyclin E2
Authors: Li Fei , Ling Ying-Pei , Wang Pan , Gu Shi-Sheng , Jiang Hao , Zhu Jie
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to elucidate the role of microRNA-503 (miR-503) in pancreatic cancer (PC) progression and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. We acquired miR-503-3p and miR-503-5p expression data along with survival times of PC and normal samples from the UCSC Xena database. Using the t-test, we compared the expression of miR-503-3p and miR-503-5p between PC and normal samples, and evaluated their prognostic significance via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The expression of miR-503-5p in PC cells was detected by quantitative PCR. We subsequently overexpressed miR-503-5p in PC cells and examined cell viability, apoptosis, and migration through CCK8 assay, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay, respectively. Potential functional targets were identified using miRTarBase and validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Both miR-503-3p and miR-503-5p expression were found to be downregulated in PC; however, only miR-503-5p was linked to cancer prognosis based on public data. In vitro experiments demonstrated that overexpression of miR-503-5p substantially decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis, caused G0/G1 arrest, and inhibited cell migration. miR-503-5p was found to target cyclin E2 (CCNE2), and overexpression of CCNE2 could counteract the effects of miR-503-5p on PC cells. Conclusion: The downregulation of miR-503-5p enhances the progression of PC by targeting CCNE2. The detection of miR-503-5p expression may provide valuable insights for the prevention and prognostic evaluation of PC.
Employing Multicolor Melting Curve Analysis to Rapidly Identify Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria in Patients with Bronchiectasis: A Study from a Pulmonary Hospital in the Fuzhou District of China, 2018-2022
Authors: Zheng Mintao , Chen Xinchao , Chen Qiaoqian , Chen Xiaohong , Huang Mingxiang
Published: January 2024

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is common in bronchiectasis, with rising incidence globally. However, investigation into NTM in bronchiectasis patients in China remains relatively limited. This work aimed to identify and understand the features of NTM in bronchiectasis patient in Fuzhou district of China. The pulmonary samples were collected from 281 bronchiectasis patients with suspected NTM infection in Fuzhou, 2018-2022. MPB64 antigen detection was employed for the preliminary evaluation of NTM. Further NTM identification was realized using gene chip and gene sequencing. Among 281 patients, 172 (61.21%) patients were NTM-positive (58.72%) according to MPB64 antigen detection, with females (58.72%) outnumbering males (41.28%) and the highest prevalence in the age group of 46-65 years. In total, 47 NTM single infections and 3 mixed infections (1 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex-M. intracellulare, 1 M. avium-M. intracellulare, and 1 M. abscessus-M. intracellulare) were identified through multicolor melting curve analysis (MMCA), which was compared with gene sequencing results. Both methods suggested Mycobacterium (M.) intracellulare, M. abscessus, and M. avium as the primary NTM species affecting bronchiectasis patients. M. intracellulare and M. abscessus were more frequent in females than males with the highest prevalence in the age group of 46-65 years according to MMCA. This research provides novel insights into the epidemiological and clinical features of NTM in bronchiectasis patients in Southeastern China. Significantly, M. intracellulare, M. abscessus, and M. avium were identified as the major NTM species, contributing to a better understanding and management of bronchiectasis accompanied by NTM infection.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DROP SPREADING OVER A PILLARED SURFACE
Authors: Dwivedi Raghvendra Kumar , Muralidhar Krishnamurthy
Published: January 2024

Understanding drop-level interactions with micron-size pillars over flat textured surfaces is required in applications such as condensation of water vapor from a humid environment. Accordingly, the spreading of water drops with diameters of ~ 45 μm over micro-pillars has been studied. The studied cylindrical pillars had a diameter of 3.2 μm, whereas the height and pitch were varied from 15 to 20 μm and 6 to 9 μm, respectively. The impact velocity was varied from 0.02 to 1.89 m/s. The stability of the equilibrium and the transitions in the Cassie-Wenzel wetting states were examined. Three-dimensional simulations showed that drops rebound in closely spaced pillars. In contrast, for a relatively large pitch, drops may rebound and partially or entirely wet the pillars. These details depended on the impact velocity and pillar height. The structure and mechanism of moving contact lines over a pillared surface during impact was also examined. In the simulations, the spreading details were correctly reproduced when a time-dependent contact angle model was adopted, which took into account the nonlinear contribution of friction as well as hysteresis owing to finite pinning. The presence of pinning sites at the edges of the pillars was found to be a major factor affecting the possibility of rebounding and the resulting spreading rate. The simulations of drop shapes using this approach matched the experimental results reported in the literature.
Reflecting on bilingualism policies in non-English speaking countries in Latin America: The case of Colombia and Argentina
Authors: Cely Betancourt Blanca Lucía , Urrutia Ramos Angie Daniela
Published: January 2024

English has been considered the official language in many non-English speaking countries. In the case of Latin America, language policies have been included in most of the countries where English has been officialized as the foreign language and it is mandatory to teach it in educational contexts. Most countries are aiming for the formation of bilingual citizens and professionals with proficiency in English to meet the demands of globalization. This article presents a reflection on the case of two countries that have implemented bilingua-lism policies such as Colombia and Argentina. These two countries have similarities in terms of policies and social, economic, geographic, and cultural factors, however, evaluating the level of English that each country has. It shows a marked difference between the two. Argentina occupies the first place in the performance of communicative skills in English with a high level, while Colombia is in the last places and has been recognized as one of the countries with the lowest level. In addition, the qualitative approach, the constructivism paradigm and documentary research method will be considered to achieve this objective.
Condiciones de posibilidad en la formación del sujeto. Una reflexión teórica más allá de lo educativo
Authors: Mosquera Mosquera Carlos Enrique , Bustamante Zamudio Guillermo
Published: January 2024

Este artículo, derivado de la investigación “La formación de la subjetividad política a partir de la memoria ejem-plarizante. Una apuesta teórica para la escuela”, tiene como objetivo establecer condiciones de posibilidad para pensar la formación del sujeto. La metodología seleccionada que marcó el camino fue el análisis crítico del discurso; y se utilizaron como técnicas de recolección de información el diario de campo y la narrativa. En este se concluye que: 1) para que haya formación, se requiere un maestro formado y de un trabajo duro por parte del estudiante, que lo aleje de la doxa y de los objetos sociomediáticos, a medida que se le resta a su impulso; 2) la formación es posible como efecto retroactivo, si media la transferencia de trabajo, que relacione al estudiante con recursos simbólicos y lo mueva a buscar su objeto de deseo, el saber, que desea encontrar como necesidad inmediata en términos de José Ortega y Gasset; 3) la regulación y la compensación como elementos del orden simbólico posibilitan aplazar de manera provisional la satisfacción inmediata del estudiante, para distanciarlo de su impulso y acercarlo al saber formal.
Measuring the roles of variation and phonological density into the development of branching CCV onsets in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Toni Andressa
Published: January 2024

This study focuses on the acquisition of CCV syllables (Consonant1+Consonant2+Vowel) in Brazilian Portuguese. Our aim is to cast light on the roles of linguistic variation and phonological density into the phonotactic development. We used adult and child directed speech corpora to quantify the optional process of CCV→CV reduction in unstressed contexts in the input, as well as the frequency, segmental pattern, and phonological density of CCV syllables. Based in their distributional properties, we argue that CCV acquisition in BP goes through a moment of incorrect structural and segmental contrast neutralization, modelled by the Tolerance Principle (Yang 2006). The neutralization is caused by an overgeneralization of CCV variation, combined with CCV-CV low density; and an overgeneralization of the C/ɾ/V frequent segmental pattern, combined with the low density of C/ɾ/V-C/l/V but high density and equal frequency of /ɾ/V-/l/V.Data from a mispronunciation detection task confirms that the phonological density influences the development: children who do not articulate CCV syllables detect more CCV→CV stimuli when there are phonological neighbors (/pɾato/→[ˈpa.tʊ], but not /pɾeto/→*[ˈpe.tʊ]) and high phonological density ([l]V↔[ɾ]V are detected, but not C[l]V↔C[ɾ]V, with the lowest rates of detection in the C/l/V→C[ɾ]V direction).
Protocol for vagus nerve stimulation in awake pigs (subject-4) v1
Authors: Armitage Oliver
Published: January 2024

The Vagus nerve innervates a number of thoracic and visceral organs. Exogenous nervous signal, for example, Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) provides a route to modulating their function for therapeutic purposes. However, the relationship between VNS parameters and organ responses is poorly understood as evidenced by a number of failed human trials, for example, in the heart failure space. This protocol is for a chronic study that builds upon a previous acute study (https://doi.org/10.26275/dm5l-tspb) in which the pigs were under anesthesia. It maps VNS parameters to their immediate neural and cardiac effects in 2 freely moving pigs. By exploring the changes in heart rate responses from acute to chronic periods, we aim to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of VNS on organ function.
Vagotomy and Tamoxifen treatment v1
Authors: not provided arpine.sokratian , not provided andrew.west
Published: January 2024

This protocol provides the methodology of vagotomy procedure and tamoxifen injections in a murine model, investigating the pathological role of alpha-synuclein in the gastrointestinal (GI) system. The mouse model includes features of exclusive expression of alpha-synuclein in cholecystokinin (CCK) cells within the gut. The protocol intricately details the surgical procedure, including a dissection of the vagus node to ensure the mice not only survive but thrive post-surgery. Subsequent tamoxifen injections, utilizing a tamoxifen-inducible promoter, aim to induce the expression of alpha-synuclein. The significance of this protocol lies in presenting a unified and standardized procedure for both vagotomy and tamoxifen injections. This streamlined approach is crucial for investigating the role of alpha-synuclein in the GI system.
HOW COVID-19 AFFECTS LIBRARIES IN MONGOLIA
Authors:   National University of Mongolia, Ganbaatar Dr. Tseren , Otgondoo Narantuya ,   Library of the National University of Mongolia, Mashbat Zolboo
Published: January 2024

Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted all spheres of the education industry, including libraries. The absence of emergency plans for unforeseen situations like COVID-19 disrupted regular operation and demanded the adoption of new operational protocols. The objectives of this paper are to examine the impact of COVID-19 on library operations, to identify the challenges encountered in libraries, to examine the changes in users’ service preference, and to reflect on the best practice for library operations in the future. To achieve these research objectives, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed. Surveys and interviews were conducted to understand changes in users’ service access, librarians’ daily work, and the library operations. Based on the findings, we reflect on how libraries should perform in the future for the best interests of their users.
NARRATING THE ACT OF TRUTH IN THE JATAKA AND AVADANA RELIEFS AT CANDI BOROBUDUR
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, LEE So Tju Shinta
Published: January 2024

This paper analyzes the Act of Truth in nine Jataka and Avadana stories depicted in Candi Borobudur, Central Java, aiming to identify its key factors and purpose in the allegories. Through content analysis and comparative analysis, the study finds that merit, right speech, and intention are the primary contributing factors to the Act of Truth. A beneficial Act of Truth involves taking a firm stance on truth, driven by compassion to benefit others and attain one’s highest potential. The findings suggest that the acts in these stories form a part of the bodhisattva’s path to achieving perfect awakening. This study also offers insights into the beneficial acts represented in ancient Javanese reliefs.
Statistical Distributions for Damage Modelling: A Retrospect
Authors: Tomy Lishamol , K Madhav Amritha , Jayamol K. V.
Published: January 2024

This paper reviews works on statistical damage modelling. Available literature shows that this method is flexible for modelling under-reporting and over-reporting of income, optimal replacement, accelerated test models, man-power analysis, rock compression, inventory analysis, power distribution etc . Additive and multiplicative damage models are discussed and additional literature on multivariate damage modelling are also provided. Characterizations of various distributions are discussed.
Multi-state SVIRD Model with Continuous-time Markov Chain Assumption on the Spread of Infectious Diseases
Authors: Zuhairoh Faihatuz , Rosadi Dedi , Effendie Adhitya Ronnie
Published: January 2024

The spread of infectious diseases is generally described using mathematical models. This paper discusses the spread of infectious diseases using a multi-state SVIRD model, assuming that a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) occurs in a closed population and is examined regularly. This article aims to generate transition probabilities and parameter estimates using the maximum likelihood method. The multi-state SVIRD model assuming CTMC uses a transition intensity and transition probability approach consisting of five primary states: susceptible, vaccinated, infected, recovered, and deceased. The infected state is divided into two: infected before and after being vaccinated. The result is an estimator of transition intensity with sojourn time which is exponentially distributed to produce a transition probability matrix. Then the algorithm for the CTMC SVIRD model is given. The multi-state SVIRD model algorithm can be used directly if the epidemic case is still in single-wave to determine the transition probability. In contrast, for multi-wave cases, it is necessary to detect changepoints to determine wave boundaries to make predictions more accurate. The main contributions of this study are using the CTMC assumption, a stochastic model for determining the parameters of the differential equation formed by the compartment model and adding vaccinated status to the model. In addition, it also provides ways to overcome multi-wave epidemic cases so the prediction results are more accurate.
Induced Garima Stochastic Volatility Models
Authors: Jafna Fathima , S. D. Krishnarani
Published: January 2024

In the present paper, a stochastic volatility model generated by a first-order induced Garima Markov sequence has been suggested for modeling financial time series. The statistical and probabilistic properties of the suggested model are studied, and the estimation of the model parameters is done using the generalized method of moments. Simulation studies and real data analysis aredone to demonstrate the applicability of the model. Also, the fit has been compared with an existing stochastic volatility model.
Functionalized Derivatives of 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-1-carboxylic Acid and 7-oxa-2-azaspiro[3.5]nonane-1-carboxylic Acid for Drug Design
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kirichok Alexander , Yegorova Tatyana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: January 2024

2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-1-carboxylic acid and 7-oxa-2-azaspiro[3.5]nonane-1-carboxylic acid, which had been reported as bioisoster of well-known pipecolic acid, were subjected to chemical transformations, resulting in a number of functionalized derivatives. The obtained molecules contained diversified functional groups, allowing their incorporation in bioactive compounds in versatile modes. Described synthetic approaches afforded multigram-scaled synthesis of the desired compounds with good yields, thus being applicable in drug design
Ultrasound Assisted Facile Synthesis of 2-Benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2H)-ones
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences (SOES), GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India-122102, Batra Prerna , Kumar Dinesh ,   Department of Chemistry, Kishan Lal Public College, Rewari, India-123401, Sharma Priyanka ,   Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences (SOES), GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India-122102, Sethi Sonika ,   Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Sciences (SOES), GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India-122102
Published: January 2024

2-Benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2H)-ones commonly known as aurones, are an important class of oxygen heterocyclic compounds of flavonoid family. They exhibit some biological activities such as antioxidant, antifungal, anticancer, enzyme inhibitory, antiparasitic and antileishmanial activities. They are also responsible for imparting yellow color to the flowers and fruits. Owing to their varied importance, a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of 2-benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2H)-ones involving the reaction of 1-(2'-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-phenyl-propenones with copper acetate in ethanol under ultrasonic irradiation conditions has been described. The present method offers a faster reaction and a higher yield than conventional methods.
Enhancing Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid Using β-cyclodextrin as an Inhibitor
Authors:   Higher School of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 165 RP, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria, Attar Tarik , Benkhaled Amal ,   Laboratory of ToxicoMed, University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd, B.P.119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria, Benchadli Abbes ,   Laboratory of ToxicoMed, University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd, B.P.119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria, Choukchou-Braham Esma ,   Laboratory of ToxicoMed, University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd, B.P.119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria
Published: January 2024

The corrosion process leads to substantial economic losses, particularly in the industrial sector, emphasizing the importance of preventive measures. This study aimed to investigate the impact of inhibitor concentration, immersion duration, and temperature on the corrosion of carbon steel in a sulfuric acid environment, assessed through mass loss measurements. Inhibition efficiency displayed a positive correlation with increasing inhibitor concentration, while it declined as temperatures rose. In a 0.5 M sulfuric acid solution, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) exhibited an inhibition efficiency of 62.26% at a concentration of 1 mM. The addition of potassium iodide (KI) significantly enhanced the inhibition efficiency to 97.98%, indicating a synergistic effect. The study encompassed various calculations, including the determination of activation energy (Ea), activation enthalpy (ΔHa), activation entropy (ΔSa), adsorption-free energy (ΔGads), adsorption enthalpy (ΔHads), and adsorption entropy (ΔSads). The adsorption of the inhibitor onto the carbon steel surface conformed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) investigations provided further verification of β-cyclodextrin's adsorption on the carbon steel surface.
Recurrent failure of ART, thrombosis and thrombophilia
Authors: Khizroeva J. Kh. , Antonova A. S. , Egorova E. S. , Makatsariya N. A.
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the number of risk factors for thrombosis associated with pregnancy has increased substantially due to the active introduction of new medical technologies not used 30 years ago or because their role in emerging thrombosis has not been studied, e.g., during pregnancy after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) particularly in vitro fertilization (IVF). The risk of venous thromboembolic complications (VTEС) related to ovarian hyperstimulation during ART is often overlooked. We present the case of a 37-year-old woman who developed thrombosis of the right internal jugular vein 3 weeks after embryo transfer within the IVF protocol. Ovarian hyperstimulation during hormonal IVF protocols provokes procoagulant changes in the hemostasis and fibrinolysis system able to result in venous and arterial thrombosis. The localization of VTEС typical to ART is more often located in the internal jugular vein being accompanied by neck pain and edema. Thrombosis risk factors should be assessed in all women in the IVF program, and appropriate thromboprophylaxis should be carried out to all high risk subjects.
Risk factors for early-onset and late-onset fatigue after a stroke
Authors: Savina Maria A. , Ponevezhskaya Ekaterina V. , Petrova Elizaveta A. , Koltsova Eugenia A.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND. Post-stroke fatigue is a predictor of adverse outcomes such as high mortality, worse functional outcome and daily living dependence. It is a heterogeneous syndrome that changes over time, as demonstrated by studies.
AIM. The aim of the study was to assess dynamic changes of risk factors related to post-stroke fatigue during a year after first-ever stroke.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study formed a section of a prospective observational study involving of a cohort of 348 patients experiencing their first-ever stroke (53.2% male, 46.8% of female, with a mean age of 66±12 years). During the acute stroke period, 75 patients completed the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Additionally, 19 patients completed the FSS at both 3 and 6 months after their stroke, while 33 patients did so at 12 months post-stroke. The neurological (NIHSS, Rankin) and psychiatric (HDRS, HARS) evaluation scores, pain scores measured with visual analogue scales, cognitive test results (MMSE, TMT-B) taken at the same time point, and locus control testing were compared with these findings. Spearman coefficient was utilized. The relationship between fatigue and depression (DSM-IV), stroke location, and patients’ demographic characteristics were tested with a χ2-test to avoid partiality.
RESULTS. Fatigue following a stroke during the acute stage showed an association with pain, depression, anxiety scores and complaints about cognitive dysfunction prior to the stroke. In contrast, late-onset fatigue (12 months post-stroke) demonstrated a link with medical locus of control and more severe neurological deficit.
CONCLUSION. Post-stroke fatigue manifests as a heterogeneous syndrome, characterized by changes in risk factors over time. Due to its complexity, accurate assessment necessitates the use of modern technologies, such as EMA and digital phenotyping.
Psychopathological analysis of the phenomenon of abstruseness (case of Sasha Shch.)
Authors: Mendelevich Vladimir D. , Nesterina Maria K. , Konovalova Veronika N. , Khvostantseva Yulia R.
Published: January 2024

This article analyses the phenomenon of “abstruseness” from a psychological and psychiatric perspective. It presents differential diagnostic criteria and describes the features of the manifestation of abstruseness in the examined person, using the example of a clinical case of ten-year-old Sasha Shch.The conclusion is drawn that abstruseness can present itself both as a personal quality and as a psychopathological symptom attributed to the schizophrenic spectrum of mental disorders.
Farianas, experiencias desde la insurgencia
Authors: Fuertes-Chaparro Dilia Consuelo , Suárez-Quilaguy Sandra Carolina
Published: January 2024

This article aims to approach the experiences of women insurgents of the FARC-EP within the armed conflict context, before the signing of the Final Peace Agreement. The analytical references were presented from two perspectives: peace studies and feminism. The methodological approach is qualitative. Dialogical techniques were used with women who signed the peace agreement, and who are currently in the reincorporation process. The inquiry revolved around their role in the transformation of society, the construction of peace, and the guarantees of non-repetition of the different types of violence that took place during the armed conflict in Colombia. This work collects what these women expressed regarding equality, femininity, community life, maternity, and care, all mediated by the socio-historical context of the war in Colombia.
Influences on Recognizing Style from Brief Glances at Piano Scores: A Commentary on Huovinen & Rinne (2023)
Authors: Halpern Andrea R.
Published: January 2024

The study by Huovinen and Rinne (2023) examines the information derived from experts' brief glances at a piano score, using both quantitative and qualitative measures. Evidence for quick extraction of information using an intuitive route was presented. In this commentary, I offer some additional perspectives on how choice of composer may have influenced some aspects, potential involvement of subtle finger movements, changes that might differ over levels of musical experience, and how metacognitive judgments could be included in future work.
Contribution of the Lower-Middle Jurassic source rocks in petroleum potential of the Jurassic-Cretaceous series within the central part of West Siberia
Authors: Kalacheva Darya Yu. , Sannikova Irina A. , Morozov Nikita V.
Published: January 2024

In this paper, based on a geochemical study of rock samples and fluids, it is proven that carbon-bearing deposits of the Lower and Middle Jurassic complex of Western Siberia on the southern outskirts of the Khanty-Mansiysk and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug can generate liquid hydrocarbons. It has been established that the oil-generation potential of carbon-bearing deposits depends on the paleogeographic conditions of burial of the organic matter and the enrichment of rocks with macerals of the liptinite group. The complex of studies included pyrolysis of coals, coal-rich shale of Lower and Middle Jurassic rocks, study of maceral composition and measurement of reflectivity indicators, hydrocarbon and isotopic composition of extracts from rocks, as well as study of the composition of oils from the studied area, selected both within the Jurassic and Cretaceous complexes. The studied area is located in the Frolov megadepression and the South Nadym megamonoclise. The result of the research was the identification of significant geochemical characteristics of an additional source of hydrocarbons – coals, coal-rich shale of the Lower and Middle Jurassic, which had not previously been proven on the studied area, the contribution of which to the formation of oil and gas potential was confirmed by the correlation of hydrocarbon and isotopic characteristics of fluids and extracts from source rocks. Сluster and the principal component analysis were used for genetic correlation of extracts and oils. The conclusions obtained from geochemical studies suggest the possible prospects of Lower and Middle Jurassic deposits from the point of view of detecting hydrocarbon accumulations.
Inclusion of Sorghum in Ruminant Diets Towards Methane Emission Mitigation and Improved Meat Quality: A Review
Authors: Rugwete Nyasha , Mutibvu Tonderai , Halimani Tinyiko E.
Published: January 2024

Sorghum is among the less widely used crops yet it is ranked the fifth most important cereal crop after wheat, maize, rice and barley. The grain’s nutritional value is similar to that of maize and wheat and the phenolic profile is more abundant and varied than other common cereal grains. Sorghum has been largely included in ruminant diets as an energy source and research findings show insignificant differences in the performance parameters in livestock fed sorghum-based diets, with some studies suggesting sorghum as a more efficient alternative to maize. The narrative review focuses on opportunities for reducing rumen methanogenesis through dietary inclusion of sorghum as well as discussing the impact on relative abundance of microbiota and meat quality. The grain possesses qualities that can potentially influence the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in ruminant livestock production, relative abundance of rumen microbes and meat quality. However, there is very little information on the influence of sorghum grain-based diets on the rumen bacterial community composition and their relationship with ruminal metabolites. Further investigations are required to add more knowledge on the effect of sorghum grain-based diets on meat quality.
Identification and Characterization of the DREB2C Drought-tolerant Gene in Peanut Cultivar L14 and Genetic Diversity Assessment of Some Peanut Cultivars based on SSR Markers Linked to Drought Tolerance
Authors: Tien Nguyen Quang Duc , Kha Hoang , Loc Nguyen Hoang
Published: January 2024

Background: Peanut is a widely cultivated food crop of the legume family and is a major source of vegetable oil and protein in the global agricultural economy. However, the productivity of peanuts is severely affected by abiotic stress, particularly drought. Therefore, it is necessary to identify genes related to abiotic stress tolerance and analyze genetic diversity by SSR markers related to drought tolerance in peanut varieties. Methods: PCR amplification was used for the isolation of the DREB2C gene. The DREB2C gene sequence was analyzed using bioinformatic tools to identify functional domains, 3D modeling structures and other important characteristics. RT-qPCR was performed to evaluate the expression level of the DREB2C gene in the different tissues of peanut cultivars. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on SSR markers linked to drought tolerance to assess the genetic diversity among peanut cultivars. Result: The present study identified the DREB2C gene in peanut cultivar L14. The gene encodes a polypeptide chain of 492 amino acids lacking transmembrane domains and signal peptides and with a conserved domain (AP2/ERF) and DNA binding site. The 3D protein structure was predicted with high confidence using various tools. The gene expression was investigated in different tissues and at different growth and developmental stages, as well as in various cultivars. Based on SSR markers linked to drought tolerance, the study revealed that peanut cultivars in Vietnam exhibit a medium level of diversity. It may be suggested that cross-breeding between different groups may increase variability among crops, allowing the generation of dominant varieties with improved drought tolerance.
Las transformaciones y limitaciones en la participación política: una mirada de la mujer joven
Authors: Rincón-Isaza Paula Natalia , Grisales-Pascuaza Viviana
Published: January 2024

This article is the product of a research project developed in two indigenous territories of the municipality of Riosucio, Caldas, between 2020 and 2022. The objective of this article was to highlight the political participation of young women by identifying the conflicts in the indigenous context, the actions of resistance, mediation and women's struggles. A qualitative analysis was used focusing on the experiences of indigenous women, through participant observation, field diary and four semi-structured interviews with women leaders. As a result, it was found that women in both territories have struggled and overcome limitations and difficulties to become leaders in their communities, highlighting their empowerment and resistance to achieve political participation in organizational and associative spaces, which has contributed to social, political, economic and cultural transformation.
Use of Cold Plasma Technology in Biomaterials and Their Potential Utilization in Controlled Administration of Active Substances
Authors: Céspedes RI Narro
Published: January 2024

Currently the controlled supply of drugs or active substances, in biomedical applications, has reached a high scientific and technological interest, mainly due; to the ability to maintain the optimal concentration of an active substance in the desired location, the greatest attention is directed towards biopolymers and bioceramics, due to the various qualities they exhibit such as: biocompatibility, bioactivity, biodegradability, etc. On the other hand, it is well known that the release profile depends crucially on the surface of these biomaterials. To enhance the advantages of the use of these biomaterials in the controlled dosage of drugs, they can be treated by non-thermal plasma, thus improving their surface characteristics (greater functionality and porosity), without altering the integral properties of the biomaterial. The plasma treatment for surface modification of materials is; green, economical, fast and efficient, by varying the parameters in plasma reactors can be adjusted physical and chemical characteristics in treated materials. This review highlights the most recent approaches to the treatment of plasma applied to different biomaterials, which aims to elucidate the outlook that exists regarding its potential application in the area of administration of drugs or active substances, so that this review can be used as a general guide for the selection of future biomaterials treated by plasma with application in controlled dosing.
Improving Management of Hyperthermia on Children Under 5 Years Comparative Study on Highest 3 Cases in Agricultural Area
Authors: Sulistyorini Lantin , Dwi Merina Nuning , Perdani Juliningrum Peni , Rahmawati Ira , Azizah Aufa , Javier Wardika Izdihar
Published: January 2024

Fever is the most common problem in children Giving antipyretics to treat fever gives a topical reaction and causes discomfort in children when they have a fever. Tepid sponge as a method of reducing temperature by administering water to the surface of the patient's skin to control body temperature based on the principles of evaporation and conduction of body temperature can cause comfort in children. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of tepid sponge on decreasing body temperature in pediatric patients with ARI, diarrhea and seizures. The research design was a two group pretest-post-test design (tepid sponge) as the treatment given to the patients under five with ARI, diarrhea and febrile seizures in the inpatient room of RSD dr. Soebandi Jember and RSD dr. Abdoer Rahem Situbondo. 60 participants were involved as the sample of the study selected through purposive sampling. The results were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank test with a significance level was set at α = 0.05. Tepid Sponge is effective for reducing body temperature in children. Nurses, families and parents can safely apply the Tepid Sponge as a hyperthermia management solution for pediatric patients.
Bibliometric Analysis of Emotional Expression of Family With Schizophrenia
Authors: Setyarti Hayuning Sri , Mubin Muhammad Fatkhul , Pranata Satriya
Published: January 2024

Keluarga yang merawat penderita skizofrenia akan menghadapi berbagai ekspresi emosi karena tantangan dan pergumulan yang sangat membebani psikologi keluarga. Kesembuhan penderita skizofrenia sangat dipengaruhi oleh perawatan dan bimbingan anggota keluarga. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa pola asuh keluarga memegang peranan yang sangat penting dalam pemulihan individu skizofrenia. Penelitian ekspresi emosi terkait beban keluarga dalam merawat penderita skizofrenia masih sangat sedikit dilakukan, untuk itu peneliti akan memulai penelitian tentang ekspresi emosi keluarga dalam merawat pasien skizofrenia yang dapat membantu proses penyembuhan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi ekspresi emosional keluarga dalam merawat penderita skizofrenia dengan menganalisis network visualization, overlay visualization, dan visualisasi kepadatan melalui analisis bibliometrik. Metode analisis menggunakan analisis bibliometrik VOSviewer dengan catatan yang diidentifikasi melalui pencarian basis data https://app.dimensions.ai/ selanjutnya dipilih oleh diagram alur PRISMA. Hasil penelusuran publikasi terkait ekspresi emosi keluarga dalam merawat penderita skizofrenia menghasilkan 259.256 artikel. Setelah dilakukan penyaringan melalui kriteria yang ditentukan, diperoleh sebanyak 67.253 artikel. Dari visualisasi terlihat ada 9 cluster. Ekspresi emosi keluarga menjadi tren dalam visualisasi. Kepadatan visualisasi menunjukkan bahwa topik yang memiliki visualisasi dalam kategori rendah adalah perilaku agresif, pasien skizofrenia, biotipe, psikiatri, caregiver, BPD (gangguan kepribadian pribadi), alexithymia, kelompok kontrol. Disimpulkan bahwa merawat pasien skizofrenia memerlukan dukungan dan perhatian dari keluarga terkait karena skizofrenia merupakan gangguan jiwa yang kompleks dan mempengaruhi banyak aspek kehidupan pasien. Analisis blibiometrik menemukan bahwa dampak emosi keluarga terhadap pengobatan skizofrenia meliputi: gangguan kepribadian personal, gangguan psikologis keluarga, perilaku agresif dalam keluarga, dan beban yang sangat berat ditinjau dari faktor subjektif dan objektif.
Real Clinical Practice Register of Albuminuria Detection in Patients with Previously Undiagnosed Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Arutyunov A. G. , Batyushin M. M. , Arutyunov G. P. , Lopatin M. Yu. , Tarlovskaya E. I. , Chesnikova A. I. , Nedogoda S. V. , Galyavich A. S. , Tokmin D. S. , Batluk T. I. , Bashkinov R. A. , Gordeychuk E. D. , Melnikov E. S. , Semenova E. V. , Trubnikova M. A.
Published: January 2024

Aim. To collect data on the patient phenotype at the highest risk of developing albuminuria, to assess the prevalence of albuminuria in the identified phenotypes, and to collect data on the characteristics, prescribed therapy, and comorbidities of patients with and without identified albuminuria.

Materials and methods. Data on presence or absence of albuminuria are collected in this register of real clinical practice instantaneously. All patients seeking medical attention are screened for the presence and extent of albuminuria. All data are collected in anonymized form and entered into an electronic case report form. Inclusion criteria: 1) men and women aged 40 years and older at the time of data collection; 2) the possibility to perform an albuminuria test using dipsticks and/or a test for microalbuminuria or urine albumin/creatinine ratio in a spot urine sample. Exclusion criteria: 1) the patient’s reluctance to participate in the registry; 2) diagnosis of CKD made before screening for the registry; 3) diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2 made before screening for the registry; 4) pregnancy; 5) long distance running or very heavy physical activity in the last 24 hours.

Results. At the time of submission of this material, the active phase of patient recruitment for the registry with the specified power has been ongoing. Based on the expected recruitment rate at 45–50 sites, the registry is expected to include data from 12,000–15,000 patients. If fewer than 12,000 patients are recruited and the estimated recruitment rate for the registry is insufficient, the number of study sites or the screening period may be extended.

Conclusion. Despite the established prognostic significance of the data on AU, the test is prescribed in routine practice to individuals at risk of developing CKD or to patients with an established nephrological disorder. A local registry that combines diverse patient populations, namely patients not only from established CKD risk groups but also patients with a dipstick test for AU, is of scientific and practical interest and can be used in the development of national clinical guidelines and educational materials and used in clinical practice.