bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Variations in Moisture Origin Explain Spatial Contrast in Precipitation Isotope Seasonality on Coastal Western Greenland
Authors: Cluett A. A. , Thomas E. K. , Evans S. M. , Keys P. W.
Published: May 2021

Increased precipitation in the Arctic is a robust feature across model simulations of the coming century, driven by intensification of meridional moisture transport and enhanced local evaporation in the absence of sea ice. These mechanisms are associated with distinct, seasonal, spatial, and, likely, precipitation isotope (δ2HPrecip) expressions. Historical observations of δ2HPrecip reveal a contrast in seasonality between southwestern and northwestern coastal Greenland: δ2HPrecip in northwestern Greenland varies in phase with local temperature, whereas δ2HPrecip in southwestern Greenland is decoupled from local temperature and exhibits little seasonal variation. We test the hypothesis that reduced δ2HPrecip seasonality in southwestern Greenland relative to northwestern Greenland results from dynamic moisture source variations, by diagnosing monthly average moisture sources to three sink regions (Kangilinnguit, Ilulissat, and Qaanaaq) using the Water Accounting Model‐2layers model. All domains demonstrate strong intra‐annual moisture source variations. Moisture to the southernmost region is sourced most remotely in summer and most locally in winter, associated with stronger cooling from the source in summer than winter, promoting more negative δ2HPrecip and counteracting local temperature‐driven seasonality. In comparison, moisture transport distance to the northernmost region is relatively constant, as local sea ice restricts northward migration of the winter moisture source. We simulate seasonal patterns in δ2HPrecip in a simple Rayleigh model, which confirm the importance of source temperature and starting isotopic compositions in determining δ2HPrecip for these regions. δ2HPrecip sensitivity to moisture source variability suggests these coastal Arctic settings may yield paleoclimate records sensitive to the moisture transport processes predicted to amplify future precipitation.
Episodic Earthquake Swarms in the Mineral Mountains, Utah Driven by the Roosevelt Hydrothermal System
Authors: Mesimeri Maria , Pankow Kristine L. , Baker Ben , Hale J. Mark
Published: May 2021

Over 1,000 earthquakes (−2.0 < M < 2.0), identified using a matched‐filter method, occurred in the Mineral Mountains, Utah between 2016 and 2019. The enhanced catalog is complete down to M −0.9 and contains roughly 15 times more events than originally cataloged. Earthquake relocation of ∼800 earthquakes shows that activity is concentrated in a <2 km long E‐W striking narrow zone, ∼4 km east of the Roosevelt hydrothermal system. Two fault orientations, both N‐S and E‐W parallel to the Opal Mound and Mag Lee faults, respectively, are observed after computing composite focal mechanisms of highly similar earthquakes. Looking solely at the temporal distribution of the seismicity, we identify 15 periods of swarm‐like activity, with two major clusters occurring in December 2016, recorded by three stations, and in October 2019 recorded by eight stations. The October 2019 swarm, the best recorded sequence in the area, provides evidence for the underlying triggering mechanism. We show that a complex mechanism of fluid diffusion and aseismic slip is responsible for the swarm evolution with migration velocities reaching 10 km/day. We hypothesize that these episodic swarms in the Mineral Mountains are primarily driven by migrating fluids that originate within the Roosevelt hydrothermal system.
Exosomal microRNA-503-3p derived from macrophages represses glycolysis and promotes mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in breast cancer cells by elevating DACT2
Authors: Huang Shulin , Fan Peizhi , Zhang Chaojie , Xie Jing , Gu Xiaowen , Lei Shanshan , Chen Zihua , Huang Zhongcheng
Published: May 2021

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging drivers in tumor progression, while the role of miR-503-3p in breast cancer (BC) remains largely unknown. We aimed to explore the impact of macrophage-derived exosomal miR-503-3p in the development of BC by regulating disheveled-associated binding antagonist of beta-catenin 2 (DACT2). miR-503-3p and DACT2 expression in BC tissues and cells was assessed, and the expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related proteins in BC cells was also evaluated. Macrophages were induced and exosomes were extracted. The screened BC cell lines were, respectively, treated with exosomes, miR-503-3p inhibitor/mimic or upregulated/inhibited DACT2, and then the phenotypes, glucose intake, oxygen consumption rate, and adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) level of BC cells were determined. Cell growth in vivo was also observed. MiR-503-3p was elevated, DACT2 was reduced, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated in BC cells. Macrophage-derived exosomes, upregulated miR-503-3p or inhibited DACT2 promoted malignant behaviors of BC cells, glucose intake, and activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, while repressed oxygen consumption rate and ATP level in BC cells. Reversely, reduced miR-503-3p or upregulated DACT2 exerted opposite effects. This study revealed that reduction of macrophage-derived exosomal miR-503-3p repressed glycolysis and promoted mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in BC by elevating DACT2 and inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our research may provide novel targets for BC treatment.
Mdivi-1 induces spindle abnormalities and augments taxol cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 cells
Authors: Fang Chieh-Ting , Kuo Hsiao-Hui , Yuan Chia-Jung , Yao Jhong-Syuan , Yih Ling-Huei
Published: May 2021

Taxol is a first-line chemotherapeutic for numerous cancers, including the highly refractory triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, it is often associated with toxic side effects and chemoresistance in breast cancer patients, which greatly limits the clinical utility of the drug. Hence, compounds that act in concert with taxol to promote cytotoxicity may be useful to improve the efficacy of taxol-based chemotherapy. In this study, we demonstrated that mdivi-1, a putative inhibitor of mitochondrial fission protein Drp1, enhances the anticancer effects of taxol and overcomes taxol resistance in a TNBC cell line (MDA-MB-231). Not only did mdivi-1 induce mitotic spindle abnormalities and mitotic arrest when used alone, but it also enhanced taxol-induced antimitotic effects when applied in combination. In addition, mdivi-1 induced pronounced spindle abnormalities and cytotoxicity in a taxol-resistant cell line, indicating that it can overcome taxol resistance. Notably, the antimitotic effects of mdivi-1 were not accompanied by prominent morphological or functional alterations in mitochondria and were Drp1-independent. Instead, mdivi-1 exhibited affinity to tubulin at μM level, inhibited tubulin polymerization, and immediately disrupted spindle assembly when cells entered mitosis. Together, our results show that mdivi-1 associates with tubulin and impedes tubulin polymerization, actions which may underlie its antimitotic activity and its ability to enhance taxol cytotoxicity and overcome taxol resistance in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, our data imply a possibility that mdivi-1 could be useful to improve the therapeutic efficacy of taxol in breast cancer.
Phase-to-pattern inverse design paradigm for fast realization of functional metasurfaces via transfer learning
Authors: Zhu Ruichao , Qiu Tianshuo , Wang Jiafu , Sui Sai , Hao Chenglong , Liu Tonghao , Li Yongfeng , Feng Mingde , Zhang Anxue , Qiu Cheng-Wei , Qu Shaobo
Published: May 2021

Metasurfaces have provided unprecedented freedom for manipulating electromagnetic waves. In metasurface design, massive meta-atoms have to be optimized to produce the desired phase profiles, which is time-consuming and sometimes prohibitive. In this paper, we propose a fast accurate inverse method of designing functional metasurfaces based on transfer learning, which can generate metasurface patterns monolithically from input phase profiles for specific functions. A transfer learning network based on GoogLeNet-Inception-V3 can predict the phases of 28×8 meta-atoms with an accuracy of around 90%. This method is validated via functional metasurface design using the trained network. Metasurface patterns are generated monolithically for achieving two typical functionals, 2D focusing and abnormal reflection. Both simulation and experiment verify the high design accuracy. This method provides an inverse design paradigm for fast functional metasurface design, and can be readily used to establish a meta-atom library with full phase span.
Structural insights on ligand recognition at the human leukotriene B4 receptor 1
Authors: Michaelian Nairie , Sadybekov Anastasiia , Besserer-Offroy Élie , Han Gye Won , Krishnamurthy Harini , Zamlynny Beata A. , Fradera Xavier , Siliphaivanh Phieng , Presland Jeremy , Spencer Kerrie B. , Soisson Stephen M. , Popov Petr , Sarret Philippe , Katritch Vsevolod , Cherezov Vadim
Published: May 2021

The leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1) regulates the recruitment and chemotaxis of different cell types and plays a role in the pathophysiology of infectious, allergic, metabolic, and tumorigenic human diseases. Here we present a crystal structure of human BLT1 (hBLT1) in complex with a selective antagonist MK-D-046, developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and other inflammatory conditions. Comprehensive analysis of the structure and structure-activity relationship data, reinforced by site-directed mutagenesis and docking studies, reveals molecular determinants of ligand binding and selectivity toward different BLT receptor subtypes and across species. The structure helps to identify a putative membrane-buried ligand access channel as well as potential receptor binding modes of endogenous agonists. These structural insights of hBLT1 enrich our understanding of its ligand recognition and open up future avenues in structure-based drug design.
Autocatalytic and oscillatory reaction networks that form guanidines and products of their cyclization
Authors: Novichkov Alexander I. , Hanopolskyi Anton I. , Miao Xiaoming , Shimon Linda J. W. , Diskin-Posner Yael , Semenov Sergey N.
Published: May 2021

Autocatalytic and oscillatory networks of organic reactions are important for designing life-inspired materials and for better understanding the emergence of life on Earth; however, the diversity of the chemistries of these reactions is limited. In this work, we present the thiol-assisted formation of guanidines, which has a mechanism analogous to that of native chemical ligation. Using this reaction, we designed autocatalytic and oscillatory reaction networks that form substituted guanidines from thiouronium salts. The thiouronium salt-based oscillator show good stability of oscillations within a broad range of experimental conditions. By using nitrile-containing starting materials, we constructed an oscillator where the concentration of a bicyclic derivative of dihydropyrimidine oscillates. Moreover, the mixed thioester and thiouronium salt-based oscillator show unique responsiveness to chemical cues. The reactions developed in this work expand our toolbox for designing out-of-equilibrium chemical systems and link autocatalytic and oscillatory chemistry to the synthesis of guanidinium derivatives and the products of their transformations including analogs of nucleobases.
Structure determination of an amorphous drug through large-scale NMR predictions
Authors: Cordova Manuel , Balodis Martins , Hofstetter Albert , Paruzzo Federico , Nilsson Lill Sten O. , Eriksson Emma S. E. , Berruyer Pierrick , Simões de Almeida Bruno , Quayle Michael J. , Norberg Stefan T. , Svensk Ankarberg Anna , Schantz Staffan , Emsley Lyndon
Published: May 2021

Knowledge of the structure of amorphous solids can direct, for example, the optimization of pharmaceutical formulations, but atomic-level structure determination in amorphous molecular solids has so far not been possible. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is among the most popular methods to characterize amorphous materials, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can help describe the structure of disordered materials. However, directly relating MD to NMR experiments in molecular solids has been out of reach until now because of the large size of these simulations. Here, using a machine learning model of chemical shifts, we determine the atomic-level structure of the hydrated amorphous drug AZD5718 by combining dynamic nuclear polarization-enhanced solid-state NMR experiments with predicted chemical shifts for MD simulations of large systems. From these amorphous structures we then identify H-bonding motifs and relate them to local intermolecular complex formation energies.
USP18 positively regulates innate antiviral immunity by promoting K63-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS
Authors: Hou Jinxiu , Han Lulu , Zhao Ze , Liu Huiqing , Zhang Lei , Ma Chunhong , Yi Fan , Liu Bingyu , Zheng Yi , Gao Chengjiang
Published: May 2021

Activation of MAVS, an adaptor molecule in Rig-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling, is indispensable for antiviral immunity, yet the molecular mechanisms modulating MAVS activation are not completely understood. Ubiquitination has a central function in regulating the activity of MAVS. Here, we demonstrate that a mitochondria-localized deubiquitinase USP18 specifically interacts with MAVS, promotes K63-linked polyubiquitination and subsequent aggregation of MAVS. USP18 upregulates the expression and production of type I interferon following infection with Sendai virus (SeV) or Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV). Mice with a deficiency of USP18 are more susceptible to RNA virus infection. USP18 functions as a scaffold protein to facilitate the re-localization of TRIM31 and enhances the interaction between TRIM31 and MAVS in mitochondria. Our results indicate that USP18 functions as a post-translational modulator of MAVS-mediated antiviral signaling.
Correction: Histidine protonation controls structural heterogeneity in the cyanobacteriochrome AnPixJg2
Authors: Rao Aditya G. , Wiebeler Christian , Sen Saumik , Cerutti David S. , Schapiro Igor
Published: May 2021

Correction for ‘Histidine protonation controls structural heterogeneity in the cyanobacteriochrome AnPixJg2’ by Aditya G. Rao et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05314g.
Convenient synthesis of copper(i) halide quasi-one-dimensional coordination polymers: their structures and solid-state luminescent properties
Authors: Masahara Shingo , Yokoyama Hiromichi , Suzaki Yuji , Ide Tomohito
Published: May 2021

The heterogeneous reaction between copper(i) halide and pyridine derivative ligand in a suspension conveniently afforded luminescent copper(i) complexes.
Total syntheses of melodienones by redox isomerization of propargylic alcohols
Authors: Dong Chunmao , Peng Weiwei , Wang Huan , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Jun , Tan Guishan , Xu Kangping , Zou Zhenxing , Tan Haibo
Published: May 2021

A remarkable base-promoted methodology for the rapid construction of the (E)- and (Z)-γ-oxo-α,β-alkenoic ester skeletons from readily accessible vinyl propargylic alcohols through modified redox isomerization was uncovered.
Catalytic ceramic oxygen ionic conducting membrane reactors for ethylene production
Authors: Lei Song , Wang Ao , Xue Jian , Wang Haihui
Published: May 2021

Catalytic ceramic oxygen ionic conducting membrane reactors have great potential in the production of high value-added chemicals as they can couple chemical reactions with separation within a single unit, allowing process intensification.
Quantitative interrogation of protein co-aggregation using multi-color fluorogenic protein aggregation sensors
Authors: Bai Yulong , Wan Wang , Huang Yanan , Jin Wenhan , Lyu Haochen , Xia Qiuxuan , Dong Xuepeng , Gao Zhenming , Liu Yu
Published: May 2021

A little leak will sink a great ship! We prepared a series of multi-color protein aggregation sensors and developed a dual-color thermal shift assay to simultaneously and quantitatively report on protein co-aggregation of two different proteins.
Efficient transfer hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) over Ni/NiO–MC (MC = mesoporous carbon)
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Li Zhaohui
Published: May 2021

Ni, NiO and MC play a synergistically for efficient GVL production over Ni/NiO–MC obtained via pyrolysis of a Ni/mesostructured polymer framework.
Novel dual‐mode filters implemented by quarter mode folded substrate integrated waveguide
Authors: Yang Ling , Xu Feng , Liu Qing , Qiang Jingxia , Zhan Junlin
Published: May 2021

Two dual‐mode filters implemented by folded substrate integrated waveguide (FSIW) are proposed here. The high order modes (TE103 and TE301) in the FSIW cavity are employed to realize the function of filters. The non‐resonating node TE202 mode is employed in the first filter to realize the transmission zero below the passband. A metal pin and an L‐shaped slot are used in another dual‐mode filter to restrict the parasitic mode, TE202 mode. The proposed FSIW dual‐mode filters with simple structures exhibit compact size and good frequency selectivity. As per knowledge, it is the first time that the quarter mode FSIW (QMFSIW) cavities are utilized to design the multimode filters. The measured results agree well with the simulated ones, which validates the feasibility of the compact dual‐mode filters based on the technology of double‐layered FSIW.
3D‐printed ceramics with engineered anisotropy for dielectric resonator antenna applications
Authors: Morales C. D. , Morlaas C. , Chabory A. , Pascaud R. , Grzeskowiak M. , Mazingue G.
Published: May 2021

In this letter, we study the design of three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed ceramics exhibiting anisotropic dielectric permittivities at microwave frequencies for dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) applications. The anisotropy is engineered by using periodic structures made up of subwavelength asymmetric unit cells filled with zirconia and air. Ceramic samples with uniaxial anisotropy are designed, 3D‐printed, and measured. Birefringence up to 8 is achieved by controlling the volume fill rate of the unit cell. Besides, a single‐fed circularly polarised (CP) DRA that relies on a 3‐D‐printed uniaxial anisotropic ceramic is proposed in the 2.45 GHz ISM band. Its simulated and measured reflection coefficient, axial ratio, and realised gain patterns are in good agreement, thus demonstrating the possibility of exploiting 3‐D‐printed anisotropic ceramics for DRA applications.
Serial data transmission at 224 Gbit/s applying directly modulated 850 and 910 nm VCSELs
Authors: Ledentsov N. , Chorchos Ł. , Makarov O. Yu. , Shchukin V. A. , Kalosha V. P. , Kropp J.‐R. , Turkiewicz J. P. , Kottke C. , Jungnickel V. , Freund R. , Ledentsov N. N.
Published: May 2021

High‐speed discrete multitone serial data transmission over multi‐mode fibre at gross data rates up to 224 Gbit/s achieved with directly modulated oxide‐confined vertical cavity surface emitting lasers at 850 and 910 nm are presented.
Identification of malnutrition and prediction of BMI from facial images using real‐time image processing and machine learning
Authors: C Dhanamjayulu , N Nizhal U , Maddikunta Praveen Kumar Reddy , Gadekallu Thippa Reddy , Iwendi Celestine , Wei Chuliang , Xin Qin
Published: May 2021

Human faces contain useful information that can be used in the identification of age, gender, weight etc. Among these biometrics, body mass index (BMI) and body weight are good indicators of a healthy person. Motivated by the recent health science studies, this work investigates ways to identify malnutrition affected people and obese people by analyzing body weight and BMI from facial images by proposing a regression method based on the 50‐layers Residual network architecture. For face detection, Multi‐task Cascaded Convolutional Neural Networks have been employed. A system is created to evaluate BMI along with age and gender from human facial real‐time images. Malnutrition and obesity are commonly determined with the help of BMI. In the previous works, height, weight, and BMI estimation through automatic means have predominantly focused on full‐body images and videos of humans. The usage of facial images for estimating such traits have been given less importance. In order to facilitate the analysis, the dataset is cleaned along with metadata containing information about the persons height, weight, age, and gender. Gender‐based analysis is performed for the prediction of BMI. Finally, an email containing the persons picture along with their details is sent to the concerned health officer.
A fuzzy spectral clustering algorithm for hyperspectral image classification
Authors: Li Kang , Xu Jindong , Zhao Tianyu , Liu Zhaowei
Published: May 2021

Spectral clustering is an unsupervised clustering algorithm, and is widely used in the field of pattern recognition and computer vision due to its good clustering performance. However, the traditional spectral clustering algorithm is not suitable for large‐scale data classification, such as hyperspectral remote sensing image, because of its high computational complexity, and it is difficult to characterize the inherent uncertainty of the hyperspectral remote sensing image. This paper uses fuzzy anchors to process hyperspectral image classification and proposes a novel spectral clustering algorithm based on fuzzy similarity measure. The proposed algorithm utilizes the fuzzy similarity measure to obtain the similarity between the data points and the anchors, and then gets the similarity matrix. Finally, spectral clustering is performed on the similarity matrix to compute the classification results. The experimental results on the hyperspectral remote sensing image data sets have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, and the introduction of fuzzy similarity measure gives rise to a more robust similarity matrix. Compared with existing methods, the proposed algorithm has a better classification result on the hyperspectral remote sensing image, and the kappa coefficient obtained by the proposed algorithm is 2% higher than the traditional algorithms.
Service quality evaluation of bus lines based on improved momentum back‐propagation neural network model: A study of Hangzhou in China
Authors: Li Peiqing , Zhang Shunfeng , Zhong Biqiang , Wu Jin , Zhang Hao , Chen Yikai , Fu Yang , Wang Qibing , Li Qipeng
Published: May 2021

This study was focused on Hangzhou in China that are undergoing large‐scale subway construction, and an improved momentum back‐propagation (BP) neural network model was trained. The model can analyze the complex traffic data, evaluate the service quality of bus line, and improve the estimation accuracy and convergence speed. For the same training data set, the convergence time of the BP algorithm with momentum term is reduced by 0.043 secs, the iterative convergence speed is improved by 0.66%, and the estimation accuracy is improved by 26.7% compared with the standard BP algorithm. Under similar conditions, the convergence time is 1.562 secs less than that of the standard BP algorithm, and the convergence speed was 24.1% higher than that of the standard BP algorithm, and the absolute value of the estimated error was less than 1%. Finally, a representative bus line in Hangzhou was used as an example to evaluate the model. The results showed that the improved momentum BP neural network model had a faster convergence speed and higher prediction accuracy of the comprehensive weight of bus line service quality. The prediction results of the model are consistent with the actual survey results, which indicates that the model constructed is reasonable.
Digital learning technologies within geo-information management
Authors: Lukyanov Sergey , Popov Nikolay , Sikarev Igor , Rumyantseva Ekaterina , Petrieva Oksana
Published: May 2021

Recently, there is digital transformation of university education, including new concepts for obtaining and presenting learning materials. In article, there is considered digital learning technologies for geo-information management within Industry 4.0 while modern global economic crisis in last years. In research, there are used Foresight technologies, theory of decision making under uncertainties and risk management. Also, there are used methods of data bases constructing, web-technologies and virtual reality tools. As base technology, authors propose to use digital educational platforms, which integrate heterogeneous hardware and software resources using web technologies in distributed networks and a wide use of cloud services. Authors propose to use Google Classroom as essential digital educational platform. As study result, there are proposed enlarged groups of didactic works in geo-information management, oriented on practical purposes and adapted to Covid-19 pandemic conditions. There are considered the issues of digital content creation within university education, essentially in practical training. Presented in article results of study have a significant scientific novelty and can be used in educational and training purposes, including the preparation of Master's programs in geo-information management.
Econometric modeling for energy losses and GHG emissions scenario: a governance case for toll digitalization
Authors: Mikheev Alexey , Iqbal Kanwar Muhammad Javed , Kapustina Irina , Hussain Fida
Published: May 2021

There are growing climatic concerns of global warming due to increase of GHG emissions in the Earth’s atmosphere. There is a dire need of energy conservation and GHG emissions reduction by minimizing energy losses and bringing efficiencies in all processes including the transportation sector which has a major share. The business as usual case of energy losses and emissions from road transport with manual toll system has significant impacts not only on the atmosphere but also on non-renewables’ reserves and balance of payments of a country. It is a major challenge for energy sector governance and climate mitigation strategies worldwide. Thus, this paper aimed at developing econometric modeling for the assessment of various aspects and different scenarios of energy losses, emissions, BOPs and economic growth. The proposed modeling is based on multivariate Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model and can be used for informed decision-making process effectively. It will help in rationalizing the case for toll digitalization in order to accrue multiple benefits in terms of maintaining BOPs and environmental security with reduced emissions and energy losses.
The development of an interactive database for assessing the ecological and geomorphic state of aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Didenko Ivan , Didenko Nadezhda , Storchak Tatiana , Sokolov Sergey
Published: May 2021

The paper discusses the basic principles of using geoinformation technologies to study relief-forming processes and the ecological state of aquatic ecosystems. The object of the study is the territory of the city of Sevastopol within the valleys of the Chernaya, Kacha and Belbek rivers. To conduct environmental monitoring, it is proposed to use field and chemical-analytical methods. According to the data obtained, information and analytical maps with a geodatabase are produced. Creation of an information and analytical map with a database using GIS toolkit makes it possible to identify factors influencing the deformation of the river bed and changes in the ecological state of aquatic ecosystems. The proposed technology for monitoring the study area allows saving data, using them in projects, and supplementing these data as new information becomes available.
Transport infrastructure of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug as a guarantee of the region’s sustainable economic development
Authors: Ermakova Anna , Glebova Ekaterina
Published: May 2021

This article considers the transport infrastructure of the city district as one of the most promising areas today. The existing problems of the road transport network are identified. The author offers a draft solution and the necessary costs for its implementation. This project will increase the flow of motor transport, provide comfortable pedestrian and automobile zones, and improve the socio-economic situation of the city district.
A model for setting up development programs for logistics systems in the electric power industry to achieve electric power security
Authors: Zotova Elizaveta , Anisimov Vladimir , Anisimov Evgenii , Melnik Daria , Chernysh Anatoly
Published: May 2021

The electric power security of the Russian Federation is one of the most important factors influencing the economy and social sphere, as well as the living conditions and activities of Russian citizens. Thus, one of the global issues concerning electric power security is to keep a balance between the demand for resources and the lack of ability of the corresponding logistic systems to provide continuity and synchronize the processes of production, distribution and delivery of enough electric power to consumers. The urgent need for purposeful development of logistics systems in the electric power industry and to ensure electric power security determines the relevance of improving the methodological tools for taking rational decisions in planning and managing this process. This paper is aimed at improving these tools. It proposes a generalized structure of the model and an algorithm for solving the problem related to forming the best variant of the logistics system development program in the electric power industry. The minimization of financial costs is used as a criterion of optimality in the model. To take into account the uncertainty inherent in the development of the logistics system in the electric power industry, the it is necessary to set the intervals of the possible costs of the project components. To resolve this problem an iterative algorithm is proposed so that an expedient variant of the project is formed consistently.
Features of agreement of a land area for placing a linear object when connecting telecommunications networks
Authors: Oznobikhina Ludmila
Published: May 2021

The modern world is impossible without telecommunication technologies, which blur state borders and the distance between people, make mobile and video communication available and allow solving many problems in the field of management, education, and commerce. Each person encounters them on a daily basis, sharing phone calls, checking emails or buying goods from online stores. The general concept of information and communication technologies includes a set of methods, processes and devices that allow you to receive, collect, accumulate, store, process and transmit information encoded in digital form or existing in analog form. The actual problem today is the limited number of land plots for the construction of linear facilities, namely telecommunication networks, and it is one of the main problems in the city due to the rather high density of buildings.
Evaluation of soil salinity level through using Landsat-8 OLI in Central Fergana valley, Uzbekistan
Authors: Aslanov Ilhomjon , Kholdorov Shovkat , Ochilov Shodiqul , Jumanov Azamat , Jabbarov Zafarjon , Jumaniyazov Ilyakhoja , Namozov Normamat
Published: May 2021

Soil salinity is a major concern in the Uzbekistan. Fergana valleys agricultural lands, it negatively affects plant growth, crop yields, whereas in central part of the valley is semi-desert and desert affects agricultural areas due to subsidence, corrosion and ground water quality, leading to further soil erosion and land degradation. Traditional soil salinity assessments have been doing by collecting of soil samples and laboratory analyzing of collected samples for determining totally dissolved soils (TDS) and electro conductivity, but, Geo-informatic systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies provides more efficient, economic and rapid tools and techniques for soil salinity assessment and soil salinity mapping. Main goals of this research are to map soil salinity of Fergana valley, to show relation of its result with traditional analysing and analysing withGIS technology As a source of satellite images has been used Landsat-8 OLI. Research areas every arable land validity point of different locations were measured by Traditional soil salinity assessments by Soil composition and Repository, Quality analysis center was compared to our research conducted on satellite sensor and it can be said that the study have done correctly.
Creation of a complex electronic map of agriculture and agro-geo databases using GIS techniques
Authors: Oymatov Rustam , Safayev Sanjarbek
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted to the creation of complex electronic maps of agriculture and agro-geo databases on the basis of geoformation systems (GIS) and technologies. Scientific and practical research on the mapping of the agricultural sector conducted by scientists from foreign countries, the Commonwealth of Independent States and Uzbekistan. Analyzing the research on the classification of agricultural maps, the classification of agricultural maps for the Republic of Uzbekistan is proposed. Content elements of maps covering agricultural sectors and infrastructure objects have been developed by studying topo geodesic, field research, statistical data and classification of agricultural maps. Analyzing the scientific and applied research work on the creation of maps of the studied area, a technological system for creating an electronic map of agriculture using GIS and technologies was developed. This technological system involves the initial data collection, software selection, thematic layer development, conditional character processing, printing, and other processes in creating an agricultural map. A technological system for creating an agro-geo databases has been developed using the proposed content elements, topographic and geodetic works, statistical data and the capabilities of GIS technologies. The agro-geo databases are a standard environment that can be integrated into computers, Internet networks and mobile devices, as well as manage, store and edit agricultural data using ArcGIS software.
Compliance with Russia’s national development goals and the UN sustainable development goals
Authors: Chaynikova Lilia , Sorokina Natalia , Melnikova Daria
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the correspondence between the national development goals of the Russian Federation and the UN sustainable development goals in the field of ensuring the quality and accessibility of education. It has been substantiated that the implementation of sustainable development goals in Russia is of great importance for activities to achieve the country’s national goals and development priorities. A comparative analysis of the education system in Russia as a source and factor of socio-economic development and improving the population’s quality of life is carried out. An analysis of the comparison between SDG 4 and the national project “Education” led to the following conclusion: the consistency of national policy measures with plans to achieve SDG 4 depends, first of all, on political priorities and national interests of the country and requires intersectoral coordination in planning and monitoring the implementation of targeted activities. Analysis of the compliance of the development goals of Russia within the framework of the implementation of the national projects “Labor productivity and employment support” and “Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and support of individual entrepreneurial initiative” and SDG 8 showed the importance of institutional and financial instruments, the active use of which in the Russian economy is facilitated by the significant changes in legislation. The problem of mismatch of indicators of the studied documents is determined. For these are no statistical data in the framework of the implementation of sustainable development goals. It is concluded that the national development goals of the Russian Federation in the field of ensuring the quality and accessibility of education are generally consistent with the UN sustainable development goals.
Influence of enzyme preparations on the growth and development of Ross-308 cross meat chickens
Authors: Vakhidova Dilbar , Fayzildinov Akmalkhuja , Donaev Khusniddin
Published: May 2021

The studies were carried out in 2017-2018 in the poultry farm of OJSC JV firm “Virtech-Agro” (joint American-Russian-Uzbek enterprise), which is located in the Zangiata district of the Tashkent region, 25 km from the city of Tashkent, Uzbekistan. As a result, the characteristics of broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross, technical conditions of use and characteristics of flavomycin, its effect on the growth of chickens and on the quality of feed during long-term storage, the effect on the digestive process and pathogenic microflora in Uzbekistan were studied. The results obtained show that the use of these components shortens the broiler rearing period from 38 to 42 days, increases weight gain, improves the meat quality of chickens, reduces feed costs and, at the same time, reduces labor costs for workers.
Meat productivity of sheep in Uzbekistan and its relationship with different factors
Authors: Bobokulov Nasillo , Khatamov Asror , Abduzoirova Durdonakhon , Yusupov Aziz , Urimbetov Akhmet , Olmasov Botir
Published: May 2021

More than 20.1 million hectares of the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan are pastures, of which 16-17 million hectares are located in the desert region. Karakol sheep, unlike other farm animals, have very valuable biological properties, they are able to breed in very harsh continental desert climates, sparsely vegetated, saline, arid pastures, without consuming absolutely green fodder in summer, autumn and winter has the ability to provide very valuable products (astrakhan leather, meat, wool, fur and milk), while maintaining the characteristics of rapid growth and development. This article provides information on the meat yield, live weight, external indicators, feeding rations of grazing and karakul sheep of different ethological types, their fattening characteristics, meat productivity, slaughter weight, slaughter output, internal fat, moisture content, chemical composition of meat.
Effects of biopraparites on cynara scolymus L., micro and macroelements, and quantity of flavonoids
Authors: Sobirova Mukaddas , Murodova Sayyora
Published: May 2021

Abstact.

In this study, the effect of “Zamin-M” biopreparation on the content of some macronutrients, microelements and flavonoids in the leaf extract of thorny artichoke (Cynara scolymus L) belonging to the family Asteraceae was determined by 4 different factors: control, mineral fertilizer, biopreparation, biopreparation study and mineral fertilizer. The order of decreasing the concentration of macro-microelements in the control variant changed for K>Na> Ca>Mg>P and Fe>Si>Al>Mn>Zn>Cu>Se>Co. In plants treated with “Zamin-M” biopreparation, changes in Ca>Na>Mg>K>P and Fe>Al>Si >Mn>Zn>Cu>Co>Se were found. When determining the effect of Zamin-M biopreparation on the flavonoids in artichoke leaves, it was noted that the amount of quercetin in plants increased by 93.05% compared to plants treated with mineral fertilizers. The amount of rutin was increased by 54.94% in plants treated with “Zamin-M”, it was 57.55% in plants treated with mineral fertilizers, and it was 59.60% in plants treated with mineral fertilizers + “Zamin-M” biopreparation.
Effects of irrigation technologies on the productivity of reproducted soy varieties in Uzbekistan
Authors: Tukhtamishev Mansur , Shamsiyev Akmal , Abdalova Guliston , Sultanov Umbetali
Published: May 2021

This article deals with the timing of sowing, germination, growth, development, obtaining high and quality grain crops, irrigation timing, irrigation procedures, development of irrigation standards and effective care agrotechnology in the conditions of light soils of grassland-gray mechanical composition of Jizzakh province in Uzbekistan and data on the conducted scientific researches are given.
Threats of banks participation in the criminal proceeds legalization in the field of environmental protection
Authors: Ameleshin Kirill , Pryakhin Gennadiy
Published: May 2021

Every year, dozens of banks are revoked in Russia, and the main reason for revoking the license is the violation of legislation in the field of countering the legalization of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism (hereinafter referred to as AML/CFT). In this regard, it is increasingly important to identify banks that have an unstable financial condition, are potentially aimed at withdrawing funds, and are involved in dubious transactions aimed at legalizing criminal funds. This article is aimed at showing what tools the participants of the monetary sphere can use to analyze credit institutions for participation in dubious transactions with the purpose of money laundering. The results of this work will be a comparison of the current little-known and not widely used coefficients with the author's indicator, which should show the bank's ability to operate effectively during the period of mass outflow of funds. Based on the results of applying these coefficients, you can make sure that the bank is reliable and that your own savings are safe, all of which has a positive impact on the economic security of the state.
Legislative process in the field of ethnological expert examination in Russia
Authors: Gorbunova Antonina , Zadorin Maksim , Kuprikov Nikita
Published: May 2021

The article analyses the stages and peculiarities of development of ethnological expert examination as an institution in the Russian Federation. It is beyond argument that different actors to various extent involved in the implementation of the project in question, adhere to divergent approaches, namely: from defining the key regulatory authority (federal center or regions), correlation between ethnological and ecological expert examinations, social and technocratic approaches to the territory development and the role of indigenous small-numbered peoples. Pursuant to the strategic planning documents, ethnological expert examination represents a tool for implementation of the Russian state policy regarding different nationalities. However, state-recognized ethnological expert examination with all legal consequences it entails is only pursued in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) based upon a regional law. The federal legislator only provides a definition of ethnological expert examination (scientific research into the influence of changes in the original living environment of indigenous small-numbered peoples and sociocultural situation on the development of an ethnic group) without enacting any statutory instrument to regulate the procedure. The analysis has shown that Russian legislation requires statutorization of the ethnological expert examination procedure and its binding character along with elaboration of conceptual framework, subject matter and object of this research.
The use of digital technologies in the administration of justice in the field of environmental crime
Authors: Kirsanova Natalia , Gogoleva Valentina , Zyabkina Tatiana , Semenova Kristina
Published: May 2021

In the present paper the authors consider technological and legal problems that arise in the course of adopting information technology in legal proceedings. The authors analyze the efficiency of using digital technologies in the administration of justice within the crisis period of 2020 on the basis of the World Justice Project, worked out by the Council of European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice CEPEJ. These technologies are used by both courts of the Russian Federation and courts of some other countries. The paper presents the analysis of prospects to apply artificial intelligence in the work of courts during adjudication on certain categories of disputes (issuance of a court order, consideration of cases as summary judgment proceedings). In order to ensure accessibility of justice, the authors urge on necessity to turn to online legal proceedings; they also highlight the necessity to organize special legal services for individuals (free-of-charge) and for business entities. The paper calls for the urgency to create a special digital portal for pretrial settlement of disputes between legal entities.
Improving the representation of tax issues in the accounting policy of public organizations in Uzbekistan
Authors: Dusmuratov R D , Boltaev A S
Published: May 2021

Globally, accounting is seen as a system for measuring, tracking and summarizing business activities, interpreting financial information and communicating the results to management and other stakeholders to help them make effective business decisions. Therefore, today it is important to improve the development of accounting policies in economic entities, including supply organizations operating in the agricultural sector, based on the conceptual rules established by the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Accounting” and other regulations. It is known that the development of accounting policies is based on the general rules set out in the National Accounting Standard (NAS) of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 1 “Accounting Policy and Financial Reporting”.. In particular, the IFRS states that “Accounting policies represent the specific principles, conventions, procedures and practical approaches used by an entity to prepare and prepare financial statements”. At the same time, the accounting policy of the business entity is formed by the head of the entity on the basis of IFRS 1, and the financial indicators presented in the financial statements of financial and economic activities for different years are compared and used in conjunction with other related IFRSs.
Structural transformations of innovative development and quality of life in modern environment
Authors: Okrepilov Vladimir , Gagulina Natalya
Published: May 2021

The research objective represented in the article was conducting an analysis of long-term transformation of the Russian economy, its manifestations and consequences, a detection of transformations of innovative development and its influence on quality of life of the population. The tasks which are, also, solved in the report: an analysis of the production structure of Russian gross domestic product in terms of the ration of the industries, types of activities in the field of the material production and service sector in an economy. The article highlights the key factors fuelling problems of the quality of life in the terms of an innovative development, the influence of cyclical economic development on structural transformations and quality of life is revealed. The methodological basis for studying the relationship between the innovative development of regions and the quality of life, as well as the practical application of the results obtained, was the economics of quality. The trend of lagging behind in the development of the knowledge economy, the annual decrease in domestic spending on research and development in the Russian economy, may contribute to the strengthening of regional differentiation, further increasing the social stratification of the population due to the fall in real incomes. The application of the methodological principles of the economics of quality makes it possible to use such mechanism for assessing the region’s quality of life of the population, which allows not only to measure and standardize the quality of life indicator, but also to effectively use it for strategic management purposes.