bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbono en biomasa aérea, sistema agroforestal de Theobroma cacao L. laboratorio natural, los laureles 2018
Authors: Avellán Rivera Arturo Roberto  , Barreto Dolin Enrique , Peralta Tercero Efraín De Jesús 
Published: July 2020

El estudio se realizó con la finalidad de determinar el carbono almacenado en biomasa aérea del sistema agroforestal (SAF) del laboratorio natural Los Laureles de URACCAN en la comunidad de Hormiguero, municipio de Siuna, en el cual se utilizó el método (no destructivo) mediante aplicación de porcentaje de carbono (50%) sobre la biomasa seca, sugerido por Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Winrock International, La Organización de Naciones Unidas – Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries. El estudio es cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal.El sistema agroforestal es secuencial, con una extensión de 2.84 ha, en el cual se realizó un inventario al 100% de árboles forestales y frutales; sin embargo, en el cacao se realizó un muestro con una intensidad de 8.45% distribuyendo 12 parcelas rectangulares de 10 por 20 m distribuidas sistemáticamente a un distanciamiento de 48.65 m entre parcela. El Sistema tiene una biomasa aérea de 10.35 toneladas (t), distribuidas de la siguiente manera: árboles frutales, 0.44 t.; especies forestales, 4.70 t. y cacao, 5.21 t. Es una investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y transversal.El sistema agroforestal como banco de almacenamiento de carbono hasta el momento de la recolección de datos tenía 1.44 t carbono por hectárea (C/ha) acumuladas en biomasa aérea de especies forestales y frutales; por otro lado, el componente cacao en su biomasa aérea posee 1.47 t C/ha, con un total de 2.91 t C/ha. El valor económico ambiental del almacenamiento de carbono en el laboratorio natural Los Laureles es de $53.36 por hectárea.
QUALIDADE ÓSSEA, EXCREÇÃO MINERAL E DIGESTIBILIDADE DA MATÉRIA SECA DE GALINHAS ALIMENTADAS COM CAULIM NO FINAL DO CICLO PRODUTIVO
Authors: Reis Túlio Leite , Quintero Juan Carlos Palomino , Dilelis Felipe , De Moraes José Evandro , Pizzolante Carla Cachoni Pizzolante Cachoni , Calixto Ligia Fátima Lima
Published: July 2020

O caulim adsorve toxinas e patógenos no trato gastrointestinal permitindo maior digestão e absorção de nutrientes, podendo propiciar melhor qualidade óssea de poedeiras na fase final de produção, mas adsorção de minerais, redução da digestibilidade da ração, também podem ser observados, dependendo do nível de inclusão da argila. Portanto o objetivo deste estudo é verificar a inclusão de caulim na ração de galinhas poedeiras semipesadas no final do ciclo produtivo e sua influência sobre a digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca, retenção e excreção mineral e qualidade óssea. Foram alojadas 144 galinhas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em seis tratamentos: controle (sem a inclusão do aditivo); e inclusão de 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5% de caulim na dieta. Às 85 semanas de idade das aves foram mensuradas a digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca da ração (Digap), a excreção e retenção de matéria mineral, e a excreção de cálcio e fósforo, para qualidade óssea foram mensurados o índice Seedor e a matéria mineral e resistência a quebra da tíbia. Após análise de variância, os dados foram submetidos à analise de regressão ao nível de significância de 5%. A Digap e a excreção de matéria mineral pioraram (P<0,05) com a elevação da concentração de caulim na ração, já a retenção de matéria mineral se comportou de maneira quadrática, não houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) na excreção de cálcio e fósforo. O índice de seedor aumentou de maneira linear (P<0,05), não havendo diferença significativa para os demais parâmetros ósseos (P>0,05). A inclusão de caulim favoreceu a retenção de minerais e a qualidade óssea em galinhas poedeiras no final do ciclo produtivo, não promovendo alteração na retenção do cálcio e do fósforo e reduziu a digestibilidade da ração.
A atuação propositiva da gestão educacional para fortalecimento de práticas democráticas na rede municipal de ensino, em contexto formativo - um relato de caso
Authors: Fattori Camila Campos Tinoco , Silva Marcia Cristina da , Mendes Fernando Eduardo Silva
Published: July 2020

A efetivação do papel social da escola está relacionada, entre outros fatores, à sua capacidade de se constituir enquanto espaço de exercício de práticas democráticas. As equipes técnicas das Secretarias de Educação têm o importante desafio de ser indutoras de políticas que possam promover uma cultura de participação nas escolas, incluindo os(as) estudantes, suas famílias, educadores(as), funcionários(as) e comunidade do entorno. Este artigo abordará uma experiência de formação de técnicos(as) de Secretarias Municipais e de gestores(as) escolares, com base na metodologia de Avaliação Participativa INDIQUE (Indicadores de Qualidade da Educação), que permitiu importantes aprendizagens na dimensão da gestão democrática. O uso da ferramenta, aliado a um processo formativo das equipes gestoras, possibilitou a efetivação de práticas e rotinas que contribuíram para a efetiva melhoria das relações e permitiram reforçar o papel da escola como referência de espaço democrático para toda a sociedade.
Discutindo as teorias sobre currículo escolar
Authors: Bioto-Cavalcanti Patricia Aparecida , Cavalcanti Fabio
Published: July 2020

Esse texto tem como objeto de estudo a discussão do currículo escolar. Seu objetivo é reapresentar ideias correntes de acordo com algumas questões norteadoras constitutivas das discussões curriculares. Para tanto, trará a tona a argumentação de autores que, historicamente, dentro do campo, tem construído teorias sobre o currículo. A exposição de tais ideias pautar-se-á pela busca de respostas a algumas questões, como por exemplo: como o currículo deve ser composto, elaborado; qual sua finalidade social, e como o materializar nas escolas, nos saberes e fazeres de professores e alunos. A metodologia de pesquisa aqui utilizada é a bibliográfica. As fontes consultadas foram livros, capítulos de livros e artigos de periódicos. Como conclusão pode-se apontar que o currículo se constitui como um dispositivo escolar de tal potência no universo científico, dada suas possibilidades de interpretação, discussão teórica e interlocução com tantas áreas do conhecimento escolar que precisa ser sempre discutido.
Reflexões sobre as tecnologias na educação a partir de uma abordagem crítica
Authors: Milbradt Carla
Published: July 2020

Resenha do livro: HABOWSKI, Adilson Cristiano; CONTE, Elaine. (Re)pensar as tecnologias na educação a partir da teoria crítica. São Paulo: Pimenta Cultural, 2019.
A análise de conteúdo e sua importância como instrumento de interpretação dos dados qualitativos nas pesquisas educacionais
Authors: Palmeira Lana Lisiêr de Lima , Cordeiro Carla Priscilla Barbosa Santos , Prado Edna Cristina Do
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo pretende demonstrar a relevância da Análise de Conteúdo como técnica de interpretação de dados nas pesquisas de forma geral e, mais especificamente, na área educacional. Realizou-se, assim, uma pesquisa exploratória sobre a temática, com uma revisão sistemática dos estudos que se valeram do método na área educacional entre 2015 e 2019. Os dados foram colhidos por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico em três bases de dados: Scielo, Portal da Capes de periódicos e Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Seguindo-se este percurso, foi possível traçar um panorama da importância da técnica e de seu uso ao longo do período analisado. Com isto, evidenciou-se a importância da análise de conteúdo em pesquisas educacionais para análise de dados qualitativos.
Criminal Aspects of Illegal Migration
Authors: Križovský Stanislav , Kavečanská Adela , Drotárová Jozefína
Published: July 2020

Illegal migration in Europe means that an ever-increasing number of people are leaving their homes to live in better countries. Migration carries risks that affect individuals and groups of people, sometimes society as a whole, and therefore states decide to intervene in migration processes. The causes of current irregular migration are quite diverse, but the common feature is that migrants had to leave their countries of origin because they could not live a normal life there. Illegal migrants are increasingly nationals of economically underdeveloped countries, who do not have financial resources, are socially deprived, and because of all these facts are involved in committing criminal anti-social activities. In countries where the number of migrants has risen sharply, the racial, ethnic and religious structure of the population composition may change. The escalating tensions between the indigenous peoples and immigrants accelerate racism (bilaterally), radicalism in politics, socio-economic problems, crime, and other risk factors. It is in the European Community’s interest to take all possible legal and effective measures to eliminate the risks of irregular migration and to ensure a safe environment for the population. The paper characterizes migration and analyzes its causes and consequences, including crime associated with illegal migration.
The Logic of Security
Authors: Ochmann Jerzy
Published: July 2020

Background: The author shows logic of security as a crucial element of philosophy of security, a subfield of security sciences. Objectives: The author states that logic – in the form of the logic of security – plays contemporarily a vital role in maintaining international, national, and also social and individual security. Methods: The usage of the logic of security is shown on the basis of its application in two security-related institutions: United States Army War College, Carlisle, US and Academia Diplomatica Europaea, Brussels, Belgium. After listing of methods used by philosophy of security, methodologies of both institutions are presented and compared as regards the methods used. Results: The logic implemented by United States Army War College is based on the belief in the objectivity and stability of the observations of security environment, and focuses on individual subjects of security. Academia Diplomatica Europaea regards the situation in the security environment as fluid and unstable, and focuses on relations between subjects of security. Conclusions: The activity of both analysed institutions is a proof corroborating the importance of logic for the improvement of the security situation in the world.
Elements of eating pattern and intensity of dysmenorrhea – a cross-sectional study in sample of Polish women
Authors: Szymańska Katarzyna , Jaworski Mariusz , Gotlib Joanna , Panczyk Mariusz
Published: July 2020

Background: The importance of dietary pattern for pain relief in women with dysmenorrhea is increasingly discussed in the literature. It is believed that a proper eating pattern may have pain-relieving properties. Therefore, a development of a perfect composition of diet for patients with dysmenorrhea constitutes a major challenge.
Aim of the study: The present study aimed to characterise the eating pattern of women with severe and moderate menstrual pain among Polish women with dysmenorrhea.
Material and methods: The observational cohort study was conducted among 718 women, divided into two subgroups: Group 1 (G1) comprised women suffering from severe pain (N = 355), while Group 2 (G2) involved women with moderate pain (N = 363). Two measurement tools were used in the study: The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and an original questionnaire for assessing the frequency of consumption of selected groups of food products.
Results: Average consumption of vegetables, fruits, dairy products and coffee was significantly lower in G1 than in G2. On the other hand, average consumption of meat, fish and fast food products was significantly higher in G1 than G2. The greatest effect size was observed for the consumption of coffee as well as fruits and vegetables. Women from G2 had a diet similar to the lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet, whereas those from G1 followed a Western model diet that contains fast food products as well as food rich in sugar, salt and saturated fatty acids.
Conclusions: The proper diet should be promoted among women suffering from dysmenorrhea and the use of nutrition supported by a proper diet should be particularly important in the treatment offered to this group of patients.
Verlustkino
Authors: Keilholz Sascha
Published: July 2020

Während der Vietnam-Krieg 1968 die USA außenpolitisch dominiert, kennzeichnet eine Reihe politischer Attentate die innenpolitische Lage. Der Verlust seiner Hoffnungsträger hinterlässt der Nation ein Vakuum. Das Land ist endgültig zerrissen. Auch für die US-amerikanische Filmindustrie wird der Jahreswechsel 1967/68 zur Zäsur. Das Kino des New Hollywood prägt eine neue Epoche. Aus dieser Konstellation erwächst das Verlustkino, welches insbesondere im Western tradierte mythische Elemente reflektiert.
Kinematographische Zeitmontagen
Authors: Aab Vanessa
Published: July 2020

Die Dialektik der medialen Evolutionsgeschichte wird zum Leitgedanken dieses Buches, das die Entwicklung des Kinos unter Aspektierung der Zeitdarstellung nachzeichnet.
Die neuen Kriege im Film
Authors: Greiner Rasmus
Published: July 2020

Die Gestalt des Krieges hat sich grundlegend verändert: Substaatliche Akteure, kriminelle Schattenökonomien und Strategien des asymmetrischen Kampfes haben die politischen Diskurse erobert, während die Live-Schaltung und die weltumspannenden Informationskanäle des Internets die mediale Berichterstattung revolutionierten. Der Kriegsfilm konnte hiervon nicht unberührt bleiben: Als übergeordneter Reflexionsraum entwirft er neue Perspektiven der Kriegswahrnehmung, spiegelt die mediale Repräsentation der Konflikte und stellt politische Zusammenhänge her.
Kultivierung in Serie
Authors: Weber Tanja
Published: July 2020

Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, warum und wie fiktionale Fernsehserien aus anderen kulturellen Kontexten für einen heimischen Markt angepasst werden. Anhand konkreter Serienbeispiele werden Teile dieser globalen Strömungen sichtbar und benennbar, wodurch die Studie einen Beitrag zur Globalisierungsdebatte liefert.
Film und Kino in Italien
Authors: Schenk Irmbert
Published: July 2020

Dem Band gelingt es insgesamt überzeugend, einem deutschsprachigen Publikum einen Überblick über verschiedene Epochen des italienischen Spielfilms sowie deren gesellschaftliche Verortung und die dabei nachvollziehbaren beziehungsweise unterstützten Modernisierungsprozesse zu vermitteln
Metapoietische Filme
Authors: Benner Ruth
Published: July 2020

Der Band legt eine Theorie metapoietischer Filme (Filme über das Filmemachen) vor, die im Ausgang von Deleuze entwickelt wird. Das «nach Deleuze» im Titel will zugleich methodisch und historisch verstanden werden. Neben Filmen, die schon Deleuze analysierte oder hätte analysieren können, werden auch Filme untersucht, die erst nach seinen großen Filmbüchern entstanden sind.
Die Stadt im Kino
Authors: Vogt Guntram
Published: July 2020

Dieses Buch zeigt mit den Veränderungen des Stadtbildes auch den Wandel des Bildes von der Stadt im deutschen Spielfilm des 20. Jahrhunderts, dem Jahrhundert, in dem das Kino die Träume und Wahrnehmungen der Menschen formte.

Ein einleitender Essay skizzie
Educación y europeísmo, un itinerario de encuentro transnacional. Education and Europeanism, a transnational meeting itinerary.
Authors: Asenjo Juan Tomás , Asenjo Gómez Félix
Published: July 2020

The European Espace of Education for 2025 designed by the European Commission considers education and culture the engines for generating employment and economic growth; The new Space proposes reinforce, at the same time, the identification processes with the European project. This approach has made teachers' mobility and the construction of collaboration and learning networks as essential pillars in the development of this goal. The success of the eTwinning and Erasmus + programs has encouraged them to focus on the confidence of consolidating an active and identity-oriented citizenship. We approach, first, to analyze the educational perspective that seeks to promote European identity, the European Dimension of Education and the promotion of key competencies being two decisive initiatives in the framework of European education policy. The following are some of the exprofeso proposals for the school context, highlighting the variety and breadth of specific possibilities. Finally we focus in the evaluation of the eTwinning and Erasmus + program. The analysis methodology focuses on a descriptive analysis of the budget data and the number of projects, provided by the Annual Reports of the Erasmus + Program and by the Intermediate Evaluation of the Erasmus + Program (2014-2020). As well as the analysis of data referring to the participation of the teaching staff of the schools, both in the mobility projects proposed by the Erasmus + program, and in the uniqueness that defines the eTwinning program. It can be concluded that the large budgetary investment, which emanates from a firm commitment to an identity construction based on education, is endorsed by the positive results; On the one hand, there are more teachers tan ever who participate in the different training proposals; On the other hand, those who participate increase their civic habilities and have a more Europeanist predisposition.
La Universidad Europea: entre Bolonia y la Agenda 2020.
Authors: Colomo Magaña Ernesto , Esteban Bara Francisco
Published: July 2020

Born as a meeting place for intellectuals and those who aspired to be, the confrontation between the humanist conception of the university, rooted in knowledge, and pragmatic, linked to social demand, has meant that, since its origins, the university has been in constant transformation in order to respond to the needs that social reality has claimed. In a context of global economic crisis, the European university model opted for training aimed primarily at access to the labor market, making the declaration of Bologna and the European Higher Education Area the response of a large group of European countries that are committed to building quality, diversity and competitiveness training. However, the adaptation to the common requirements did not resolve the crisis, the European Commission having to establish supranational objectives (Agenda 2020) that will ensure the increase in the rate of young people with higher degrees. Through the comparative method, the progress and status of the fulfillment of said strategic objective for 2020 at the level of the European Union and the participating countries are analyzed, taking into account the reality of the Spanish state in detail. The results reflect that, considering the 2018 data and the progressive growth achieved, the rate of graduates in the European Union will exceed the value stipulated in the 2020 Agenda, with countries that exceed or match the specific objectives set and others that do not. The data in Spain do not ensure the achievement of the specific objective, it being significant that there is a higher rate of women and universities graduates from northern Spain, together with the community of Madrid. In conclusion, underline the need to consider other aspects besides the rate of graduates in Higher Education if a smart, sustainable and inclusive European economy is to be achieved.
Engaging Latino Families as Mathematicians
Authors: Tobon Geraldo , Hughes Marie Tejero
Published: July 2020

We share our experiences and those of culturally diverse families who participated in math workshops. We tie our experiences with the importance of family engagement, in particular, viewing families as a resource to be tapped into. We do so, in hopes that other school personnel take on a similar venture.
Pi
Authors: Allison Joe F.
Published: July 2020

When I was in graduate school, my math professor, using a straightedge and a compass, marked off a unit distance and then halved it. He said he could halve the exact ½ again and exactly get ¼. He was leading up to infinite series.
Supporting Teacher Learning through “Sketching Standards”
Authors: Strand Krista L. , Bailey Katie
Published: July 2020

K-5 teachers deepen their understanding of the Common Core content standards by engaging in collaborative drawing activities during professional development workshops.
Linking Factors and Multiples to Algebraic Reasoning
Authors: Roy George J. , Allen Jessica S. , Thacker Kelly
Published: July 2020

In this paper we illustrate how a task has the potential to provide students rich explorations in algebraic reasoning by thoughtfully connecting number concepts to corresponding conceptual underpinnings.
What about Alfred?
Authors: Dingle Marian
Published: July 2020

When we consider the school experience from the student perspective, we are open to change our practices to embody the very principles in which we believe.
Ambivalent sexism in adolescence: The relationship between family socialization styles and ambivalent sexism in adolescence
Authors: Dueñas Jorge-Manuel , Santiago-Larrieu Bernardina , Ferre-Rey Gisela , Cosi Sandra
Published: July 2020

The aims of the present study are to identify the role that family socialisation styles play in ambivalent sexism and whether differences in sexism can be attributed to gender. We used a sample of 207 adolescents (56.5% girls), all of whom attended state schools and were aged between 14 and 18 years old, with an average age of 16.2 (SD = 1.7). The instruments used were the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) consisting of two factors – hostile sexism and benevolent sexism – and the Family Socialization Scale (SOC-30) made up of four subscales: support, punishment/coercion, overprotection/control, and reprobation. The results show that boys presented higher levels of ambivalent sexism than girls and the reprobation of adolescents was the family socialization type that had the strongest associations with ambivalent sexism scales in both genders. The data suggest that family socialisation dynamics play an important role in the acquisition and retention of sexist attitudes.
Jogo Librário: Design for Change para comunicação e inclusão
Authors: Castro Flávia Neves de Oliveira , Mourão Nadja Maria , Engler Rita de Castro
Published: July 2020

A importância da comunicação para a formação humana é um fato inegável. O objetivo principal deste artigo é apresentar e analisar como o Librário foi aplicado nos últimos seis anos, em escolas e universidades, pelo prisma da experiência das autoras e sob a metodologia do Design for Change. Os métodos de pesquisa envolveram a revisão e análise crítica da literatura sobre Design e inclusão no Brasil, e a observação e experimentação com o Librário. Utiliza-se uma metodologia de natureza qualitativa, estudo de caso. Neste artigo, o estudo em questão é o jogo Librário e a aplicação do Design for Change. Este propõe a aplicação de quatro etapas a serem seguidas: sentir, imaginar, fazer e compartilhar. A partir das análises, torna-se pertinente fomentar debates e reflexões sobre o uso do Design for Change nas políticas públicas de inclusão social, não apenas no ambiente escolar, mas em diferentes setores da administração e serviços públicos que atendam cidadãos surdos e ouvintes.
A formação em Libras de professores que atuam no contexto educacional bilíngue com alunos surdos
Authors: Malzinoti Vedoato Sandra Cristina
Published: July 2020

A perspectiva da educação bilíngue para o ensino dos alunos surdos considera a língua de sinais brasileira – Libras como primeira língua, e o ensino da modalidade escrita como segunda língua. Nesse cenário, este estudo investigou a formação, em Libras, de professores do Ensino Fundamental e Médio de uma escola de educação bilíngue para surdos em uma cidade no norte do Estado do Paraná. Para tanto, foi realizada coleta dos dados por meio da aplicação de um questionário a respeito da formação em Libras, como o perfil dos professores, a comunicação professor-aluno e a necessidade da presença de Tradutor Intérprete de Língua de Sinais/Língua Portuguesa (TILSP) em sala para mediar a comunicação durante as aulas. Os resultados apontaram que a maior parte dos professores obteve contato com a Libras após ingressarem na escola de Educação Básica para alunos surdos. Ainda, se verificou que, embora os participantes não tenham relatado dificuldade na comunicação entre professor-aluno e se considerarem fluentes na língua de sinais, grande parte não possuía certificação oficial de proficiência em Libras, bem como admitiram a necessidade da presença do TILSP para mediar a comunicação durante as aulas.
Geopolitiske rammer for kongerigets sikkerhedspolitik i Arktis
Authors: Rasmussen Mikkel Vedby
Published: July 2020

Mikkel Vedby Rasmussen analyserer de geopolitiske rammer for kongerigets sikkerhedspolitik.
Rigsfællesskab saml dig!
Authors: Rose Sofie , Olesen Simon Mølholm
Published: July 2020

Temaet afsluttes med de tre vinderartikler fra Det Udenrigspolitiske Selskabs og Udenrigsministeriets artikelkonkurrence, der netop havde Arktis som emne.
NATOs udfordringer: Forsikre, afskrække og genetablere
Authors: Baumann Tage
Published: July 2020

Tage Baumann analyserer de vanskelige udfordringer, som NATO står overfor i det 21. århundredes andet årti; og endelig skriver Deniz Serinci om Tyrkiets Syriens- politik.
Anmeldelse: Ny dansk litteratur om EU
Authors: Østergård Uffe
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Anmeldelse: Dør om dør med morderne
Authors: Pedersen Thomas Bo
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Anmeldelse: Uendelig krig?
Authors: Rosendahl Mie
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Krigen i Ukraine tøer frosne konflikter op
Authors: Sperling Vibeke
Published: July 2020

Vibeke Sperling ser nærmere på nogle af de mere eller mindre fastfrosne konflikter i det postsovjetiske rum, bl.a. i Transnistrien, Nagorno-Karabakh, Abkhasien, Sydossetien – og i Ukraine.
Portræt af Ole Lippmann - Det Udenrigspolitiske Selskabs stifter
Authors: Barfoed Niels
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Den liberale verdensorden under pres
Authors: Sørensen Georg
Published: July 2020

Inter resumé
Ruslands traditionelle værdier og politiske kultur
Authors: Skak Mette
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Global Jihad og den liberale verdensorden
Authors: Andersen Lars Erslev
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Klumme: Holdes EU sam- men af regler eller følelser?
Authors: Sørensen Martin Selsøe
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Kina og ‘the Responsibility to Protect’
Authors: Melgaard Peter , Odgaard Liselotte
Published: July 2020

Peter Melgaard og Liselotte Odgaard kigger på Kina og dennes defensive og statscentrerede fortolkning af R2P.
Atomaftale frem for mere krig
Authors: Jerichow Anders
Published: July 2020

Anders Jerichow gør os klogere på atomaftalen med Iran og de regionale implikationer.
Pirateri i Vestafrika
Authors: Nordby Johannes Riber
Published: July 2020

Johannes Riber Nordby om pirateri i Vestafrika.
Danmarks og EU’s fælles sikkerheds- og forsvarspolitik
Authors: Pilegaard Jess , Rye Olsen Gorm
Published: July 2020

På grund af forbeholdet om deltagelse i den fælles forsvars- og sikkerhedspolitik fremstår den danske politik inden for EU som usammenhængende og uforståelig – og dermed utroværdig.
Hvad stiller man op med fejlslagne stater?
Authors: Andersen Louise
Published: July 2020

Er det rigtigt at tage for givet, at fejlslagne stater kan og skal genskabes som levedygtige selvstændige enheder? Eller vil det være mere virkningsfuldt at oprette internationalt styrede protektorater eller – helt modsat – slet ikke at blande sig?
Fra København til Kolkata: Handling bag klimadeklarationer
Authors: Hansen Simon
Published: July 2020

intet resumé
Globale og lokale – men ikke for danske
Authors: Saul Jens-Peter
Published: July 2020

intet resumé
Anmeldelse: Den bedste verdensorden
Authors: Hansen Birthe
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Europæisk asylpolitik og grænseskabt fordrivelse
Authors: Lemberg-Pedersen Martin
Published: July 2020

Artikel om europæisk asylpolitik.
Præsident Bushs politiske orkan
Authors: Krogh Torben
Published: July 2020

Efter katastrofen i New Orleans står den amerikanske præsident stærkt svækket, især indenrigspolitisk, men også i forhold til resten af verden. Spørgsmålet er nu, hvilken kurs han vil vælge i et forsøg på at genvinde noget af den tabte indflydelse.
Ukraine - en ny start?
Authors: Åslund Anders
Published: July 2020

Ukrainsk politik oplever nu en lynhurtig spaltning af Orangerevolutionens top, efter at præsidenten har fyret sin premierminister og tidligere kampfælle. Der er god grund til at glæde sig over regeringsskiftet; men vælgernes dom er det svært at spå om.
Kosovo som uafhængigt – men hvordan?
Authors: Aadal Rasmussen Niels
Published: July 2020

Kosovos albanske befolkning ønsker uafhængig- hed, mens serberne kan godtage “mere end auto- nomi, men mindre end uafhængighed”, altså op- retholdelse af Serbiens suverænitet. Denne mod- sætning var en vigtig del af baggrunden for Kosovo-konflikten i 1990’erne.
Den lange vej til arabisk demokrati
Authors: Boel Erik
Published: July 2020

Om de reformer, der er sket i flere arabiske lande, vil blive omsat i en mere dybtgående politisk omstilling, afhænger af, om reformpolitikerne kan udvikle en attraktiv social dagsorden som supplement til deres mere abstrakte politiske krav.
Valg i Aserbajdsjan – ad velkendte veje
Authors: Weng Rasmussen Jesper
Published: July 2020

Det netop afholdte valg i den transkaukasiske republik resulterede officielt i en overvældende sejr til det regerende parti, mens oppositionen endnu engang vandt meget få pladser.
An Upper Mississippian echinoderm microfauna from the Genicera Formation of northern León (Carboniferous, Cantabrian Mountains, N Spain)
Authors: Pabst Joachim , Herbig Hans-Georg
Published: July 2020

For the first time an echinoderm microfauna is recorded from the cephalopod limestone facies (‘griotte facies’) of the lower Carboniferous (Mississippian) Genicera Fm. (Alba Fm.). The formation is widespread in the Cantabrian Mountains in NW Spain, but the ossicles are from some sections in the surroundings of the Bernesga valley in northern León. They have been derived from insoluble acetic acid residues from samples of the upper and especially of the uppermost part of the formation (Canalón Mb. and Millaró Beds). The microfauna include taxonomically treated wheel-shaped ossicles, sieve-plates and rods of holothurians, goniodonts of ophiocistioids, and ophiuroid and stenuroid skeletal elements. From the Palaeozoic of Spain, Ophiocistioidea, Stenuroidea, Apodida (Holothuroidea), and allagecrinids (microcrinoids) are first reported. Here, we describe two new species: Linguaserra heidii n. sp. (Ophiocistioidea) and Calclyra bifida n. sp. (Ophiuroidea). Indeterminate echinoderm remains are also figured and discussed. The findings stress the importance of a diverse but still poorly documented echinoderm fauna in Upper Mississippian psychrospheric pelagic environments.
Contribución al conocimiento de los moluscos del Pleistoceno Inferior del yacimiento de Barranco León (Cuenca de Guadix-Baza)
Authors: Albesa Joaquin , Robles Fernando
Published: July 2020

Se exponen los resultados obtenidos en el análisis de la asociación malacológica de dos muestras pertenecientes a la capa D del yacimiento del pleistoceno inferior de Barranco León (Cuenca de Guadix-Baza). Los principales resultados obtenidos son la relación de especies que componen la asociación malacológica y su abundancia relativa, que indican su marcado carácter acuático. Por otra parte, pese a las limitaciones impuestas por la escasez de información tafonómica y la cautela que sugieren ciertos indicadores, se aporta, a partir del análisis de las exigencias ecológicas de cada taxón, una interpretación paleoambiental sobre las condiciones existentes en el momento del depósito. Éstas corresponderían a la zona marginal de un lago permanente, oligohalino, de régimen léntico, con escasa profundidad, presencia de macrófitos y existencia de surgencias termales. Este lago estaría rodeado por vegetación litoral en lo que constituiría una franja de carácter higrófilo y se encontraría enmarcado en un espacio abierto en el que las condiciones climáticas serían de carácter más xérico y en las que encontraríamos un matorral mediterráneo salpicado de agrupaciones de árboles.
Global sleep homeostasis reflects temporally and spatially integrated local cortical neuronal activity
Authors: Thomas Christopher W , Guillaumin Mathilde CC , McKillop Laura E , Achermann Peter , Vyazovskiy Vladyslav V
Published: July 2020

Sleep homeostasis manifests as a relative constancy of its daily amount and intensity. Theoretical descriptions define ‘Process S’, a variable with dynamics dependent on global sleep-wake history, and reflected in electroencephalogram (EEG) slow wave activity (SWA, 0.5–4 Hz) during sleep. The notion of sleep as a local, activity-dependent process suggests that activity history must be integrated to determine the dynamics of global Process S. Here, we developed novel mathematical models of Process S based on cortical activity recorded in freely behaving mice, describing local Process S as a function of the deviation of neuronal firing rates from a locally defined set-point, independent of global sleep-wake state. Averaging locally derived Processes S and their rate parameters yielded values resembling those obtained from EEG SWA and global vigilance states. We conclude that local Process S dynamics reflects neuronal activity integrated over time, and global Process S reflects local processes integrated over space.
Human Fcγ-receptor IIb modulates pathogen-specific versus self-reactive antibody responses in lyme arthritis
Authors: Danzer Heike , Glaesner Joachim , Baerenwaldt Anne , Reitinger Carmen , Lux Anja , Heger Lukas , Dudziak Diana , Harrer Thomas , Gessner André , Nimmerjahn Falk
Published: July 2020

Pathogen-specific antibody responses need to be tightly regulated to generate protective but limit self-reactive immune responses. While loss of humoral tolerance has been associated with microbial infections, the pathways involved in balancing protective versus autoreactive antibody responses in humans are incompletely understood. Studies in classical mouse model systems have provided evidence that balancing of immune responses through inhibitory receptors is an important quality control checkpoint. Genetic differences between inbred mouse models and the outbred human population and allelic receptor variants not present in mice; however, argue for caution when directly translating these findings to the human system. By studyingBorrelia burgdorferiinfection in humanized mice reconstituted with human hematopoietic stem cells from donors homozygous for a functional or a non-functional FcγRIIb allele, we show that the human inhibitory FcγRIIb is a critical checkpoint balancing protective and autoreactive immune responses, linking infection with induction of autoimmunity in the human immune system.
Cortical ChAT+ neurons co-transmit acetylcholine and GABA in a target- and brain-region-specific manner
Authors: Granger Adam J , Wang Wengang , Robertson Keiramarie , El-Rifai Mahmoud , Zanello Andrea F , Bistrong Karina , Saunders Arpiar , Chow Brian W , Nuñez Vicente , Turrero García Miguel , Harwell Corey C , Gu Chenghua , Sabatini Bernardo L
Published: July 2020

The mouse cerebral cortex contains neurons that express choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and are a potential local source of acetylcholine. However, the neurotransmitters released by cortical ChAT+ neurons and their synaptic connectivity are unknown. We show that the nearly all cortical ChAT+ neurons in mice are specialized VIP+ interneurons that release GABA strongly onto other inhibitory interneurons and acetylcholine sparsely onto layer 1 interneurons and other VIP+/ChAT+ interneurons. This differential transmission of ACh and GABA based on the postsynaptic target neuron is reflected in VIP+/ChAT+ interneuron pre-synaptic terminals, as quantitative molecular analysis shows that only a subset of these are specialized to release acetylcholine. In addition, we identify a separate, sparse population of non-VIP ChAT+ neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex with a distinct developmental origin that robustly release acetylcholine in layer 1. These results demonstrate both cortex-region heterogeneity in cortical ChAT+ interneurons and target-specific co-release of acetylcholine and GABA.
SSREnricher: a computational approach for large-scale identification of polymorphic microsatellites based on comparative transcriptome analysis
Authors: Luo Wei , Wu Qing , Yang Lan , Chen Pengyu , Yang Siqi , Wang Tianzhu , Wang Yan , Du Zongjun
Published: July 2020

Microsatellite (SSR) markers are the most popular markers for genetic analyses and molecular selective breeding in plants and animals. However, the currently available methods to develop SSRs are relatively time-consuming and expensive. One of the most factors is low frequency of polymorphic SSRs. In this study, we developed a software, SSREnricher, which composes of six core analysis procedures, including SSR mining, sequence clustering, sequence modification, enrichment containing polymorphic SSR sequences, false-positive removal and results output and multiple sequence alignment. After running of transcriptome sequences on this software, a mass of polymorphic SSRs can be identified. The validation experiments showed almost all markers (>90%) that were identified by the SSREnricher as putative polymorphic markers were indeed polymorphic. The frequency of polymorphic SSRs identified by SSREnricher was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of traditional and HTS approaches. The software package is publicly accessible on GitHub (https://github.com/byemaxx/SSREnricher).
TAPB and RSB protects cardiac diastolic function in elderly patients undergoing abdominopelvic surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gong Chao , Li Shitong , Huang Xiaojing , Chen Lianhua
Published: July 2020

Background

Diastolic dysfunction, an early manifestation and clinical symptom of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, can be influenced by various anesthesia management strategies. Trans-esophageal echocardiography was used to undertake to assess left ventricular diastolic function during anesthesia maintenance using sevoflurane alone and sevoflurane combining with transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block in elderly patients with diastolic dysfunction undergoing abdominopelvic surgery.

Methods

Thirty-eight patients were divided into two groups in this retrospective study, sevoflurane and sevoflurane combining with TAPB and RSB according to employing different anesthesia maintenance schemes. The parameters HR, MAP, CVP, E, A, E/A, e, a, e/a, and E/a were obtained immediately after anesthesia induction hemodynamics stability (HR1, MAP1, CVP1, E1, A1, E1/A1, e1, a1, e1/a1, and E1/a1) and 1 hour later (HR2, MAP2, CVP2, E2, A2, E2/A2, e2, a2, e2/a2, and E2/a2).

Results

Transmitral diastolic Doppler flow characteristics illustrated E/A significant decreases in the S group but increases in the ST group (p = 0.02 < 0.05) 1 hour after anesthesia induction hemodynamic stability. Tissue Doppler imaging characteristics showed a more significant increase e/a (P = 0.005 < 0.05) and decreases in a value (p = 0.009 < 0.05) in the ST group 1 hour after anesthesia induction hemodynamics stability.

Conclusions

Maintaining anesthesia with sevoflurane combining with TAPB and RSB was more suitable for protecting cardiac diastolic function than sevoflurane alone in elderly patients with diastolic dysfunction undergoing open abdominal and pelvic surgery.
Establishing a pharmacist-managed outreach clinic at a day shelter for homeless veterans
Authors: Haake Elizabeth R. , Krieger Kelly J.
Published: July 2020

Introduction

The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has developed a homeless patient aligned care team (H-PACT) model to provide clinical outreach to homeless veterans. This model has not been implemented by the VA Sierra Nevada Health Care System; however, a day shelter for homeless veterans does exist. Currently, clinical staff at the shelter consists of licensed clinical social workers.

Methods

A half day per week pharmacy clinic was established and managed by a postgraduate year-2 psychiatric pharmacy resident. Data regarding provider and emergency department (ED) visits, psychotropic medication adherence, and interventions made during visits were collected and analyzed to provide support for need of additional clinical staff and the establishment of an H-PACT at the Reno VA.

Results

Over 5 months, 52 veterans were seen, including some over multiple visits, with a total of 77 encounters. There were an average of 4 visits per clinic day. Total interventions equaled 205 and included medication review, patient education, and adverse drug reaction detection among other interventions. Provider visits and psychotropic medication possession prior to and following clinic visits were tracked.

Discussion

This pharmacist-managed outpatient clinic provided a comfortable walk-in environment for homeless veterans. The difference in provider visits, medication possession, and ED visits before and after walk-in clinic visits provided clinical significance with 205 documented interventions, and the clinic was well received by veterans.
Student pharmacist personal and work experiences with people displaying warning signs of suicidal ideation
Authors: Witry Matthew , Clayden Alyssa
Published: July 2020

Introduction

Student pharmacists, in their roles as trainees, technicians, and peers, may interact with people displaying suicide warning signs. Providing suicide gatekeeping training to student pharmacists may prepare them to engage people at risk. Measuring the extent to which student pharmacists have encountered people displaying warning signs of suicide may help contextualize the potential importance of training student pharmacists in suicide gatekeeping. The objective was to describe student pharmacists' awareness of someone they know having attempted or died by suicide and whether they have heard statements suggesting suicide risk in their personal and work life.

Methods

An anonymous electronic survey was administered to 111 student pharmacists before engaging in question-persuade-refer training as part of their second-year pharmacy curriculum. Respondents were asked for demographics and if Someone ever told you something concerning where you wondered if they were thinking about suicide for both work and one's personal life. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests were used to compare items by gender.

Results

There were 111 responses to the survey for a 100% response rate. Concerning statements related to suicide were reported by 71.2% of respondents in their personal life and by 34.2% of students while at work. There were no differences based on gender.

Discussion

A significant proportion of student pharmacists have personal, peer, and professional exposure related to people with potential suicidal ideation. These findings emphasize the need for broad approaches for training students and pharmacists in suicide gatekeeping as a new public health role.
Perception of the nursing team about the role of hospital nursing manager
Authors: Maia Natália Maria Freitas e Silva , Fonseca Brenda Amélia Valcácer , Coelho Lennara de Siqueira , Carvalho Junior José Arnaldo Moreira de , Maia Sayonnara Ferreira , Andrade Erika Wanessa Oliveira Furtado
Published: July 2020

Objective: to analyze the perception of the nursing team about the role of the hospital nursing manager, and how this interferes with the quality of care provided by the team. Method: Descriptive and exploratory research, qualitative approach of the data, performed with 20 Nursing professionals. For the analysis of the results, the Collective Subject Discourse method was used. Results: collective thinking was grouped in 04 classes: The bureaucratic function associated with management and the manager-nursing team relations; Skills perceived by the nursing team for the work of the Nursing manager; Challenges in the nursing manager's role perceived by the nursing team; The influence of the nursing manager on the quality and the assistance provided to the client. Conclusion: The activity of the nursing manager is extremely bureaucratic, and seen by the Nursing team as hierarchical, contributing to distance the manager from the conviviality with the team.
Using the broken needle technique for peripheral venous puncture in assistance to premature newborn
Authors: Pagano Letícia Morais , Moreira Denis da Silva , Resck Zélia Marilda Rodrigues
Published: July 2020

Objective: To understand the use of the broken needle technique peripheral venous puncture in the professional practice of assistance to preterm infants. Method: Qualitative study conducted through interviews with neonatal care professionals submitted to Content Analysis to Bardin. Results: The following categories were identified: Professional perceptions regarding the benefits of the broken needle technique for the neonate; Learning and professional experience of broken needle technique. Conclusion: The transfer of knowledge from one professional to another favored the incorporation of the technique in the institution. The team is concerned with performing techniques that are less aggressive to the newborn and therefore perform the broken needle because they believe it is more advantageous and beneficial and has no adverse effects on the neonate. The professionals decide which technique to use taking into account the anatomical and clinical characteristics of the neonate, their ability and safety in the execution.
Performances of the beam monitoring system and quality assurance equipment for the HIMM of carbon‐ion therapy
Authors: Wei Kun , Xu Zhiguo , Mao Ruishi , Zhao Zulong , Zhao Tiecheng , She Qianshun , Kang Xincai , Wang Jianli , Li Shengpeng , Li Min , Song Kai , Yang Herun , Duan Limin
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The heavy‐ion medical machine (HIMM), which is the first commercial medical accelerator designed and built independently by the institute of modern physics (IMP) in Wuwei, Gansu Province, China, had officially completed clinical trials at the time of this article's writing. Three types of detector systems were developed based on the ionization‐chamber principle to monitor the beam parameters during treatment in real time, quickly verify the beam performance during a routine checkup, and ensure patient safety.

Methods and materials

The above‐mentioned detector systems were used for beam monitoring and quality assurance in the treatment system. The beam‐monitoring system is composed of three integral ionization chambers (ICs) and two multistrip ionization chambers (MSICs) as a redundant design. The irradiation dose, beam position, and homogeneity of a lateral profile are monitored online by the beam‐monitoring system, and safety interlocks are established to keep the test results under the predefined tolerance limitation. The quality‐assurance equipment was composed of one MSIC and one IC stack. The IC stack was used for energy verification.

Results

The off‐axis response of ICs is within a tolerance of 2%, and the dose interlock system (DIS) response time is less than 7 ms during the treatment process. The positioning resolution of MSICs reached 73 µm. The IC stack can verify the beam range within one spill and the measurement resolution is less than 0.2 mm.

Conclusions

The beam‐monitoring system (BMS) and quality‐assurance equipment (QAE) have been installed and run successfully within HIMM for two years and are associated with the HIMM treatment system to deliver the right dose to the correct position precisely. Furthermore, the daily QA task is simplified by it. Above all, the system has passed the performance test of the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA).
Resilience Value in the Face of Climate Change
Authors: Petrescu Doina , Petcou Constantin
Published: July 2020

How can architecture enable civic ecological practices and community economies to fight climate change? Doina Petrescu and Constantin Petcou, founding members of Paris‐based atelier d'architecture autogérée, describe strategies that have been developed to facilitate this virtuous resilience cycle particularly in relation to their project R‐Urban.