bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANGPTL6 expression is coupled with mitochondrial OXPHOS function to regulate adipose FGF21
Authors: Kang Seul Gi , Yi Hyon-Seung , Choi Min Jeong , Ryu Min Jeong , Jung Saetbyel , Chung Hyo Kyun , Chang Joon Young , Kim Yong Kyung , Lee Seong Eun , Kim Hyeon-Woo , Choi Hoil , Kim Dong Seok , Lee Ju Hee , Kim Koon Soon , Kim Hyun Jin , Lee Chul-Ho , Oike Yuichi , Shong Minho
Published: February 2017

Recent studies revealed that the inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is coupled with the mitochondrial unfolded protein response, thereby stimulating the secretion of non-cell autonomous factors, which may control systemic energy metabolism and longevity. However, the nature and roles of non-cell autonomous factors induced in adipose tissue in response to reduced OXPHOS function remain to be clarified in mammals. CR6-interacting factor 1 (CRIF1) is an essential mitoribosomal protein for the intramitochondrial production of mtDNA-encoded OXPHOS subunits. Deficiency of CRIF1 impairs the proper formation of the OXPHOS complex, resulting in reduced function. To determine which secretory factors are induced in response to reduced mitochondrial OXPHOS function, we analyzed gene expression datasets in Crif1-depleted mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Crif1 deficiency preferentially increased the expression of angiopoietin-like 6 (Angptl6) and did not affect other members of the ANGPTL family. Moreover, treatment with mitochondrial OXPHOS inhibitors increased the expression of Angptl6 in cultured adipocytes. To confirm Angptl6 induction in vivo, we generated a murine model of reduced mitochondrial OXPHOS function using adipose tissue-specific Crif1-deficient mice and verified the upregulation of Angptl6 and fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21) in white adipose tissue. Treatment with recombinant ANGPTL6 protein increased oxygen consumption and Pparα expression through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in cultured adipocytes. Furthermore, the ANGPTL6-mediated increase in Pparα expression resulted in increased FGF21 expression, thereby promoting β-oxidation. In conclusion, mitochondrial OXPHOS function governs the expression of ANGPTL6, which is an essential factor for FGF21 production in adipose tissue and cultured adipocytes.
The Effect of Temperature onDrosophilaHybrid Fitness
Authors: Miller Charles J J , Matute Daniel R
Published: February 2017

Mechanisms of reproductive isolation inhibit gene flow between species and can be broadly sorted into two categories: prezygotic and postzygotic. While comparative studies suggest that prezygotic barriers tend to evolve first, postzygotic barriers are crucial for maintaining species boundaries and impeding gene flow that might otherwise cause incipient species to merge. Most, but not all, postzygotic barriers result from genetic incompatibilities between two or more loci from different species, and occur due to divergent evolution in allopatry. Hybrid defects result from improper allelic interactions between these loci. While some postzygotic barriers are environmentally-independent, the magnitude of others has been shown to vary in penetrance depending on environmental factors. We crossed Drosophila melanogaster mutants to two other species, D. simulans and D. santomea, and collected fitness data of the hybrids at two different temperatures. Our goal was to examine the effect of temperature on recessive incompatibility alleles in their genomes. We found that temperature has a stronger effect on the penetrance of recessive incompatibility alleles in the D. simulans genome than on those in the D. santomea genome. These results suggest that the penetrance of hybrid incompatibilities can be strongly affected by environmental context, and that the magnitude of such gene-by-environment interactions can be contingent on the genotype of the hybrid.
Fine Mapping ofUr-3, a Historically Important Rust Resistance Locus in Common Bean
Authors: Hurtado-Gonzales Oscar P , Valentini Giseli , Gilio Thiago A S , Martins Alexandre M , Song Qijian , Pastor-Corrales Marcial A
Published: February 2017

Bean rust, caused by Uromyces appendiculatus, is a devastating disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the Americas and Africa. The historically important Ur-3 gene confers resistance to many races of the highly variable bean rust pathogen that overcome other rust resistance genes. Existing molecular markers tagging Ur-3 for use in marker-assisted selection produce false results. Here, we describe the fine mapping of the Ur-3 locus for the development of highly accurate markers linked to Ur-3. An F2 population from the cross Pinto 114 (susceptible) × Aurora (resistant with Ur-3) was evaluated for its reaction to four different races of U. appendiculatus. A bulked segregant analysis using the SNP chip BARCBEAN6K_3 placed the approximate location of Ur-3 in the lower arm of chromosome Pv11. Specific SSR and SNP markers and haplotype analysis of 18 sequenced bean varieties positioned Ur-3 in a 46.5 kb genomic region from 46.96 to 47.01 Mb on Pv11. We discovered in this region the SS68 KASP marker that was tightly linked to Ur-3. Validation of SS68 on a panel of 130 diverse common bean cultivars containing all known rust resistance genes revealed that SS68 was highly accurate and produced no false results. The SS68 marker will be of great value in pyramiding Ur-3 with other rust resistance genes. It will also significantly reduce time and labor associated with the current phenotypic detection of Ur-3. This is the first utilization of fine mapping to discover markers linked to rust resistance in common bean.
Triploid Production from Interspecific Crosses of Two Diploid Perennial Helianthus with Diploid Cultivated Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Liu Zhao , Seiler Gerald J , Gulya Thomas J , Feng Jiuhuan , Rashid Khalid Y , Cai Xiwen , Jan Chao-Chien
Published: February 2017

Wild Helianthus species are a valuable genetic resource for the improvement of cultivated sunflower. We report the discovery and characterization of a unique high frequency production of triploids when cultivated sunflower was pollinated by specific accessions of diploid Helianthus nuttallii T. & G. and H. maximiliani Schr. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) analyses indicated that the triploid F1s had two genomes from the wild pollen sources and one from the cultivated line. Mitotic chromosome analyses indicated that the frequency of triploid progenies from the crosses of cultivated lines × H. nuttallii accession 102 (N102) was significantly higher than those of unexpected polyploid progenies from the crosses of wild perennial species × N102, and no unexpected polyploids were obtained from the reverse crosses. Pollen stainability analysis suggested the existence of a low percentage of unreduced (2n) male gametes in some accessions, especially N102 and H. maximiliani accession 1113 (M1113), which were generated at the telophase II and tetrad stages of meiosis. The triploid F1s could be the results of preferred fertilization of the low frequency of 2n male gametes with the female gametes of the cultivated sunflower, due to the dosage factors related to recognition and rejection of foreign pollen during fertilization. The triploids have been used to produce amphiploids and aneuploids. Future studies of the male gametes’ fate from pollination through fertilization will further uncover the mechanism of this whole genome transmission. Studies of the genetic control of this trait will facilitate research on sunflower polyploidy speciation and evolution, and the utilization of this trait in sunflower breeding.
Comparative High-Density Linkage Mapping Reveals Conserved Genome Structure but Variation in Levels of Heterochiasmy and Location of Recombination Cold Spots in the Common Frog
Authors: Palomar Gemma , Ahmad Freed , Vasemägi Anti , Matsuba Chikako , Nicieza Alfredo G , Cano José Manuel
Published: February 2017

By combining 7077 SNPs and 61 microsatellites, we present the first linkage map for some of the early diverged lineages of the common frog, Rana temporaria, and the densest linkage map to date for this species. We found high homology with the published linkage maps of the Eastern and Western lineages but with differences in the order of some markers. Homology was also strong with the genome of the Tibetan frog Nanorana parkeri and we found high synteny with the clawed frog Xenopus tropicalis. We confirmed marked heterochiasmy between sexes and detected nonrecombining regions in several groups of the male linkage map. Contrary to the expectations set by the male heterogamety of the common frog, we did not find male heterozygosity excess in the chromosome previously shown to be linked to sex determination. Finally, we found blocks of loci showing strong transmission ratio distortion. These distorted genomic regions might be related to genetic incompatibilities between the parental populations, and are promising candidates for further investigation into the genetic basis of speciation and adaptation in the common frog.
Caenorhabditis elegansMale Copulation Circuitry Incorporates Sex-Shared Defecation Components To Promote Intromission and Sperm Transfer
Authors: LeBoeuf Brigitte , Garcia L Rene
Published: February 2017

Sexual dimorphism can be achieved using a variety of mechanisms, including sex-specific circuits and sex-specific function of shared circuits, though how these work together to produce sexually dimorphic behaviors requires further investigation. Here, we explore how components of the sex-shared defecation circuitry are incorporated into the sex-specific male mating circuitry in Caenorhabditis elegans to produce successful copulation. Using behavioral studies, calcium imaging, and genetic manipulation, we show that aspects of the defecation system are coopted by the male copulatory circuitry to facilitate intromission and ejaculation. Similar to hermaphrodites, male defecation is initiated by an intestinal calcium wave, but circuit activity is coordinated differently during mating. In hermaphrodites, the tail neuron DVB promotes expulsion of gut contents through the release of the neurotransmitter GABA onto the anal depressor muscle. However, in the male, both neuron and muscle take on modified functions to promote successful copulation. Males require calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion (CAPS)/unc-31, a dense core vesicle exocytosis activator protein, in the DVB to regulate copulatory spicule insertion, while the anal depressor is remodeled to promote release of sperm into the hermaphrodite. This work shows how sex-shared circuitry is modified in multiple ways to contribute to sex-specific mating.
Single Locus Maintains Large Variation of Sex Reversal in Half-Smooth Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)
Authors: Jiang Li , Li Hengde
Published: February 2017

Sex determination is a fundamental biological process for individual sex development and population sex ratios. However, for some species, the primary sex might be altered during development, and individuals can develop into the opposite sex. Sex reversal may happen in insects, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. In half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), some genetically female fish irreversibly reverse to pseudomales, resulting in higher costs in aquaculture owing to a lower growth rate of male fish during a 2-yr growth period. Here, we identified a locus with large controlling effect on sex reversal in the half-smooth tongue sole through genome-wide association study with high-density single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This SNP is located at the third intron of the F-box and leucine rich repeat protein 17 (FBXL17) gene on the Z chromosome, and it has two alleles, A and T. Genetic females with ZAW genotypes will never reverse into phenotypic males, but those with ZTW genotypes can sometimes undergo sex reversal. This SNP explains 82.7% of the genetic variation, or 58.4% of the phenotypic variation. Based on our results, a reproductive management program could be developed to improve the phenotypic female ratio in aquaculture, and elucidate the mechanism of sex reversal in half-smooth tongue sole. We expect that these findings will have a substantial impact on the population management in many harvested species where sex reversal occurs.
The Long Noncoding RNA Transcriptome ofDictyostelium discoideumDevelopment
Authors: Rosengarten Rafael D , Santhanam Balaji , Kokosar Janez , Shaulsky Gad
Published: February 2017

Dictyostelium discoideum live in the soil as single cells, engulfing bacteria and growing vegetatively. Upon starvation, tens of thousands of amoebae enter a developmental program that includes aggregation, multicellular differentiation, and sporulation. Major shifts across the protein-coding transcriptome accompany these developmental changes. However, no study has presented a global survey of long noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in D. discoideum. To characterize the antisense and long intergenic noncoding RNA (lncRNA) transcriptome, we analyzed previously published developmental time course samples using an RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) library preparation method that selectively depletes ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs). We detected the accumulation of transcripts for 9833 protein-coding messenger RNAs (mRNAs), 621 lncRNAs, and 162 putative antisense RNAs (asRNAs). The noncoding RNAs were interspersed throughout the genome, and were distinct in expression level, length, and nucleotide composition. The noncoding transcriptome displayed a temporal profile similar to the coding transcriptome, with stages of gradual change interspersed with larger leaps. The transcription profiles of some noncoding RNAs were strongly correlated with known differentially expressed coding RNAs, hinting at a functional role for these molecules during development. Examining the mitochondrial transcriptome, we modeled two novel antisense transcripts. We applied yet another ribosomal depletion method to a subset of the samples to better retain transfer RNA (tRNA) transcripts. We observed polymorphisms in tRNA anticodons that suggested a post-transcriptional means by which D. discoideum compensates for codons missing in the genomic complement of tRNAs. We concluded that the prevalence and characteristics of long ncRNAs indicate that these molecules are relevant to the progression of molecular and cellular phenotypes during development.
BASE CARTOGRÁFICA DIGITAL COMO INSTRUMENTO PARA A IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ÁREAS SUSCETÍVEIS À EROSÃO E MOVIMENTOS DE MASSA EM JOÃO PESSOA (PB), BRASIL
Authors: De Oliveira Vital Saulo Roberto , Ferreira Bruno , Girão Osvaldo , Lima dos Santos Caio , Carvalho-Nunes Fábio , De Almeida Silveira Thyago
Published: February 2017

O presente estudo teve como objetivo, realizar a detecção dos riscos de erosão e movimentos de massa no município de João Pessoa (PB), a partir de técnicas de geoprocessamento. Para isso, foram confeccionados mapas temáticos contendo informações referentes à cobertura do solo, declividade, exposição de vertentes e solos, gerados a partir de imagens do satélite OLI/Landsat e de cartas topográficas. A partir dessas informações foi possível observar que os riscos analisados são basicamente representados por erosões lineares e por desmonte nas encostas e terraços fluviais. Os resultados obtidos mostram uma série de riscos no cotidiano da população residente nessas áreas, merecendo ações que visem a mitigação ou extinção desses riscos. Entende-se assim, que esta temática carece da realização de estudos mais detalhados que ajudem na caracterização, previsão, monitoramento, recuperação e extinção desses problemas socioambientais.
A SOCIOECONOMIA DA COMUNIDADE RURAL FAZENDA DO POVO DE IPIAÚ, BAHIA, BRASIL
Authors: Bruno-Lima Nelma , Aguiar-Bahia de Paulo César , Profice-Cabicieri Cristiana , Ferraz-Ferreira Marcelo Inácio
Published: February 2017

O principal objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar a realidade socioeconômica da Comunidade Rural Fazenda do Povo de Ipiaú, Bahia, no contexto da sua sustentabilidade ambiental em relação à socioeconomia municipal e regional. Analisaram-se, para isso, indicadores socioeconômicos da região, do município de Ipiaú, e da comunidade. Os resultados apontaram situação positiva da comunidade no que se refere ao nível de escolaridade, comparando-se à realidade de outros assentamentos de reforma agrária; à questão da renda e da renda per capta; à baixa dependência de benefícios sociais do Governo; e à ocupação do trabalho. E apontaram como negativo a grande frequência de agroquímicos utilizados no manejo da produção.
LA AMIGABILIDAD DE LA CIUDAD DE HEREDIA CON LOS ANCIANOS, MEDIDA A PARTIR DE SUS CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS
Authors: Alfaro-Sánchez Marvin
Published: February 2017

Esta investigación trata sobre la medición de la amigabilidad de la ciudad de Heredia con los ancianos a partir de cuatro variables; la calidad de los barrios, entendidos como el entorno inmediato de los ancianos, la calidad y el acceso a las áreas verdes en la ciudad, a la ciudad utilizando transporte público y a una serie de servicios urbanos básicos en la vida de los ancianos, cada una medida a través de indicadores simples y combinados. Los resultados muestran que la ciudad de Heredia tiene una amigabilidad apenas aceptable, con áreas con baja y mediana amigabilidad, fruto de un pobre acceso a áreas verdes, de altos niveles de ruido, de flujo vehicular y de algunos servicios con poca accesibilidad.
CARTOGRAFÍA DE AFECTACIÓN POR AMENAZAS NATURALES EN EL CANTÓN DE POÁS, COSTA RICA
Authors: Barrantes-Castillo Gustavo , Quesada-Román Adolfo
Published: February 2017

A pesar de la existencia de reportes históricos, recopilaciones, bases de datos e informes, no se dispone en el país de un estudio que sintetice y distribuya espacialmente la información sobre afectación histórica por amenazas naturales. Por medio de una compilación y georreferenciación de toda la información disponible sobre impactos por amenazas naturales en el cantón de Poás, fue posible construir indicadores espaciales de afectación para los eventos registrados (caída de ceniza, gases volcánicos, terremotos, inundaciones y deslizamientos). Estos fueron estandarizados en cinco clases (muy baja, baja, moderada, alta y muy alta), con lo que se construyó un indicador de máxima afectación por eventos naturales históricos para dicha unidad política- administrativa a partir de la sobreposición de los registros de desastres. El resultado de este estudio muestra una tendencia al incremento de las afectaciones por amenazas naturales de sur a norte, lo que es consecuente con la distribución de las lluvias, las pendientes, así como la proximidad con fuentes sísmicas y volcánicas. Un patrón distinto mostraron las inundaciones rápidas y los deslizamientos que se relacionan con la presencia de valles fluviales encañonados con fuertes pendientes en microcuencas alargadas y pequeñas sobre depósitos volcánicos recientes.
LA FALLA ACTIVA GUANE, CUBA OCCIDENTAL
Authors: Cotilla-Rodríguez Mario Octavio
Published: February 2017

Se presentan nuevos datos que confirman la actividad de la falla Guane. Ésta es una estructura activa de interior de placa en la Unidad Neotectónica Occidental de Cuba con ~100. La magnitud máxima de los terremotos es 6.2 con periodo de recurrencia de ~130 años. El mecanismo tectónico de reajustes en el interior de la placa es a través de fallas y rotación de bloques, que producen terremotos como los de: 23.01.1880 (San Cristóbal, Cuba), 16.12.1982 (Torriente - Jagüey Grande, Matanzas) y 09.03.1995 (Pedro Pí - San José de las Lajas, La Habana). Esos 3 terremotos se pueden explicar a partir de procesos transpresivos de las placas Caribe y Norteamérica en las fallas Swan y Oriente, y de la transmisión de esfuerzos hacia el megabloque Cuba.
MORPHOTECTONIC INTERPRETATION OF THE 23-02-2015 ALBACETE EARTHQUAKE, SPAIN
Authors: Cotilla-Rodríguez Mario Octavio , Córdoba-Barba Diego
Published: February 2017

En el megabloque Península Ibérica ocurrió un terremoto (23.02.2015). El evento es del tipo de interior de placa (Mw= 4,7 / h= 17 km), donde existe una zona de deformación morfotectónica. El epicentro y el mecanismo focal del tipo normal y deslizamiento lateral, fueron determinados en el bloque Albacete. Este último con tendencia al levantamiento dentro de los mesobloques Albacete y Cuenca.
TASAS DE GENERACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS ORDINARIOS EN CUATRO MUNICIPIOS DEL ÁREA METROPOLITANA COSTA RICA
Authors: Herrera-Murillo Jorge , Rojas-Marín José Félix , Anchía-Leitón Deivis
Published: February 2017

Se determinó la tasa de generación y caracterización de residuos sólidos ordinarios, en el sector residencial y comercial de 04 municipios ubicados geográficamente dentro del Gran Área Metropolitana de Costa Rica. Para ello, en el período 2014-2015, se realizaron muestreos en un número representativo de viviendas y comercios durante 07 días consecutivos. La tasa de generación promedio ponderada de residuos para el área de estudio resultó ser de 0,59 kg/hab-día. Los residuos sólidos generados presentan como componentes mayoritarios: orgánicos 55,9%, seguidos de materiales con alto potencial para ser reciclados o utilizados como combustibles (plásticos 10,2%, papel y cartón 10,4%). El contenido de humedad promedio en los residuos fue de 58,7% en masa (mínimo 54% en Alajuela y máximo 63% en Barva), de la cual hasta un 67% puede ser atribuible a residuos orgánicos biodegradables. El peso volumétrico promedio de los residuos resultó de 155 kg/m3 (mínimo de 141 en Belén y máximo de 163 en San José). Se evidenció que existen diferencias significativas en la composición de residuos sólidos para los sectores comerciales y residenciales, principalmente en la fracción orgánica, papel, cartón y plástico.
Enhancing Students` Speaking Skill through Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) at English Tadris Department of STAIN Kerinci
Authors: Mudra Heri
Published: February 2017

This paper reports a classroom action research which conducted in an EFL classroom. The problem of this study is that teaching and learning process tends to be monotonous due to the single method used by English teachers. The learners` speaking course is familiarized with English structures. It requires a communicative and constructive method such as TBLT. The purpose of this study is to describe the effectiveness of TBLT in enhancing students` speaking skill. 30 EFL learners at the seventh semester at STAIN Kerinci took a part in this study. The instruments used to collect the data were speaking test, observation, and field-note. The results of the study showed that there were 2 cycles needed to implement the method. The process of teaching and learning in the first cycle indicates that TBLT improved learners` speaking skill, though some problems were needed to be solved. Unlike the cycle I, the process in the cycle II was improved in term of learners` speaking score and their motivation to attend the course if compared with those in cycle I. So, it is concluded that TBLT is an appropriate method to improve learners` speaking skill.
التربية الإسلامية ودورها في تربية شخصية الطلاب
Authors: Sagala Rumadani
Published: February 2017

Personality is a compacted word that easy to say, but it is difficult to be realized. Etymologically, the personality comes from the Latin language which means persona. This word refers to a mask used by actors in classical drama. Personality is also becomes the reflection of attitude and action of a person or a nation which sets its uniqueness from people or other nations. In Islamic educational context, it is as characteristic and Islamic identity. Thus, the religion that carries out the mandate will enhance the personality and noble character. Personality can be fully determined when the research has done and met the scientific criteria. Therefore, the personality can be taught in schools, introduced to the students through their habituation, principles and ethics. In al-Qur’an, it has been mentioned the terms of formation and development of the human personality, some influential factors and the ways to solve the problems. Muslims as well as believers from the perspective of Islam are those who always train their heart and are not easily get angry but they should be generous, obey Allah, SWT.
The Values of Moral Learning in “Ketika Cinta Bertasbih” Novel Written by Habiburrahman El Shirazy
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: February 2017

A novel written by Habiburrahman El Shirazy “Ketika Cinta Bertasbih” (when love is connected to God) is decorated by a variety of ideas, values and ways of life. This novel does not only provide narrative story entertained with Islamic values, but also served as media to form public and readers’ morals. Because the story line presented in this novel contained an overview of everyday life containing of moral learning, therefore, it is very interesting to be studied. The current study seeks to uncover: 1) the value of moral learning and value of worship to God’ 2) the value of self moral learning.  The type of research is Library Research using discourse analysis method (content analysis).  It was found out that (1) The moral value of learning to the God contained a message of faith with arguments through the universe.  It let worship of God, be grateful and stay away from vanity. (2) The value of self-moral learning included the value patient, persevering, self-authority, high optimistic, responsibility and self-firm.
Islamic Pre-School Management and Its Implications towards Students’ Learning Quality Improvement
Authors: Hakim Rosniati
Published: February 2017

Islamic education in schools had not completely assessed the development of students’ character and personality. Therefore, additional religious education through non-formal education and religious practices were needed in Islamic Pre-Schools. It provided a forum to foster, develop, cultivate, and transform the religious value of the students to improve their personality. The purpose of this research was to examine social phenomenon that occur naturally through the facts related to management activities of students. Qualitative research was used in this study where the data taken from head of Islamic pre-school and the school deputy, teacher, staffs, mosque administrators of Baitul Haadi, administrator of the school, staffs of Ministry of Religious Affairs as well as Islamic pre-school inspectors, parents, community leaders, and administrators of professional organizations. The finding showed that students’ management applied in Islamic pre-school through the management functions is able to provide the successful of student’s education and learning implementation. It was also found that student management applied in Islamic pre-school is planning activities of students’ admission process through the administration regularly with various regulations related to the success of education. Thus, it is expected that the government will provide the guidance and implement constant supervision in accordance with applicable regulations.
The Correlation between Indonesian Students’ Vocabulary Mastery and Their Reading Comprehension
Authors: Hayati Amal
Published: February 2017

Exploring students’ background knowledge in pre-reading activities suggests the importance of interaction in the process of meaning making which requires appropriate vocabulary. Although many factors constitute students’ comprehension, vocabulary should be the main concern in EFL reading classes.  Consistence with this premise, the current study was aimed at proving the correlation between students’ vocabulary mastery and their reading achievement at the fourth semester of STKIP Dharma Bakti Lubuk Alung. This correlational study involved 70 students taken through cluster random sampling. Vocabulary and reading test were employed to determine the correlation between students’ vocabulary mastery and their reading comprehension.  Through Correlation of Product Moment, coefficient correlation between two variables was found to be 0.61 with index correlation in r-table was 0.1617 for α= 0.05, suggesting that the coefficient correlation between two variables (rxy) t-calculated was bigger than t-table.  It means that H1 was accepted and H0 was rejected. In conclusion, there was a positive correlation between students’ vocabulary mastery and their reading comprehension at the fourth semester students of STKIP Dharma Bakti Lubuk Alung
Effective School Performance Stages at Public Senior High Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Indra Ristapawa , Kustati Martin
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the stages of effective school performance based on 11 characteristics of effective schools as well as to evaluate the level of correlation between individual characteristics of effective schools and the contribution of the school principal leadership to an effective school. 60 school principals and 105 teachers in 16 schools became sample of the research. The number of teachers took as many as 7 to 10 people for each school. The quantitative data were obtained through a set of instruments on 11 characteristics of effective schools. The data were then analyzed descriptively using frequency, min score, percentage, standard deviation, and inferential statistics (Pearson’s correlation, simple linear regression). Findings showed the stages of effective school performance of Public Senior High Schools in Padang as perceived by the principals and teachers were very high. There was a significant correlation between the professional principal leadership with the realization of 11 characteristics of effective schools. The professional principal leadership contributed as much as 58.5% to the realization of 11 characteristics of effective schools in Public Senior High Schools in Padang while the other percentage was contributed by other variabels not included in this study. The principal leadership was an important factor for the realization of 11 characteristics of effective schools in Public Senior High Schools in Padang.
PENANGKAPAN TUNA DAN CAKALANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ALAT TANGKAP PANCING ULUR (HAND LINE) YANG BERBASIS DI PANGKALAN PENDARATAN IKAN PONDOKDADAP SENDANG BIRU, MALANG
Authors: Nurdin Erfind , Nugraha Budi
Published: February 2017

Alat tangkap pancing ulur di Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Pondokdadap Sendang Biru Malang, telah ada sejak tahun 1997 di mana pada tahun tersebut Badan Pengelola Pangkalan Pendaratan Ikan Pondokdadap melakukan sosialisasi tentang rumpon laut dalam. Dengan ada rumponisasi, perkembangan pancing ulur di daerah tersebut cukup pesat. Sasaran utama tangkapan nelayan pancing ulur adalah tuna dari jenis madidihang dan mata besar. Hasil tangkapan lain yang diperoleh adalah cakalang, sunglir, dan lemadang. Produksi tuna dan cakalang pada tahun 2003 melonjak naik cukup besar dibandingkan pada tahun 2002, pada tahun 2002 produksi tuna yang didaratkan hanya 197.418 kg dan cakalang 357.524 kg, sedangkan pada tahun 2003 produksi tuna yang didaratkan 1.986.653 kg dan cakalang 2.788.746 kg. Musim penangkapan terjadi antara bulan Mei sampai dengan Oktober dengan puncak musim penangkapan terjadi pada bulan September, sedangkan musim paceklik terjadi antara bulan Nopember sampai dengan April. Sejak tahun 1998 penurunan nilai catch per unit of effort terus terjadi sampai dengan tahun 2002. Penurunan inidikarenakan jumlah armada kapal terus meningkat dengan upaya penangkapan yang cukup besar.
BEBERAPAASPEK BIOLOGI CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis) YANG DIDARATKAN DI BITUNG, SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Nugraha Budi , Mardlijah Siti
Published: February 2017

Penelitian biologi ikan cakalang hasil tangkapan kapal huhate (pole and line) yang didaratkan di Bitung dilakukan di tempat pendaratan ikan, perusahaan perikanan, dan tempat pengasapan atau fufu cakalang. Aspek yang diteliti meliputi hubungan panjang bobot, rasio kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, dan fekunditas. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan pada bulan Juli dan September 2005. Dari hasil analisis hubungan panjang bobot diketahui bahwa pola pertumbuhan ikan cakalang bersifat allometrik positif. Perbandingan jenis kelamin betina dan jantan pada bulan Juli 1:0,73, sedangkan pada bulan September perbandingan 1:2,05. Tingkat kematangan gonad ikan jantan maupun betina didominasi oleh stadium III. Fekunditas telur berkisar antara 1.000.000 sampai dengan 14.000.000 butir.
PENGKAYAAN STOK TERIPANG PASIR (Holothuria scabra) DI PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN SERIBU
Authors: Hartati Sri Turni
Published: February 2017

Akibat aktivitas penangkapan yang berlebihan, stok sumber daya teripang di perairan Kepulauan Seribu, terutama jenis yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi, seperti teripang pasir (Holothuria scabra) sudah mulai langka. Pengkayaan stok adalah salah satu upaya untuk memperoleh sumber daya yang berkesinambungan. Pengkayaan stok teripang pasir telah dilakukan di Kepulauan Seribu melalui 2 tahapan, yaitu pembesaran benih (intermediate culture) yang dilakukan di perairan Pulau Kongsi dan pelepasan di alam (restocking) yang dilakukan di perairan Pulau Pamegaran. Benih yang digunakanberasal dari alam (Teluk Lampung) dan dari panti pembenihan (hatchery). Hasil pengamatan lingkungan menunjukkan bahwa habitat dari ke-2 perairan tersebut mendukung untuk kehidupanteripang pasir. Pertumbuhan teripang baik pada tahap pembesaran benih maupun pelepasan di alam sangat signifikan. Pertumbuhan benih teripang pada 2 bulan pertama dari rata-rata 51 g menjadi 130 g per ekor. Pertumbuhan teripang setelah di lepas di alam pada 2 bulan pertama, dari rata-rata 338,50 g menjadi 619,80 g per ekor, dan berhasil tertangkap kembali 13%.
PERTUMBUHAN IKAN KERALI (Labocheilos falchifer) DI PERAIRAN SUNGAI LEMATANG, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Marson Marson , Sunarno Tri Mas Djoko
Published: February 2017

Ikan kerali (Labocheilos falchifer) merupakan salah jenis ikan endemik di perairan Sungai Lematang, Sumatera Selatan. Untuk pengeloaan suatu jenis ikan, salah satunya dibutuhkan pengamatan pertumbuhan ikan tersebut. Oleh karena itu, suatu penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengamati pertumbuhan ikan kerali di Sungai Lematang pada bulan Maret 2008. Stasiun pengamatan ditetapkan secara sengaja di Sungai Lematang dan anak-anak sungainya, yaitu Sungai Mulak, Selangis, dan Ndikat. Ikan contoh ditangkap dengan alat jala (cast net) dan jaring (gill net). Ikan contoh diukur panjang dan bobot. Analisis hubungan bobot tubuh dengan panjang total ikan kerali di semua perairan Sungai Lematang (sungai utama dan anak sungainya) menunjukkan pertumbuhan alometrik positif.
KETIDAKSTABILAN BESARAN STOK IKAN DARI MODEL PRODUKSI SURPLUS
Authors: Atmaja Suherman Banon
Published: February 2017

Selama ini, kerangka pengelolaan sumber daya ikan berdasarkan pada titik acuan nilai potensi dan kriteria maksimum (maximum sustainable yield), mengabaikan laju pertumbuhan stok ikan dan tanpa memperhatikan dinamika perikanan yang terjadi. Dari kombinasi data yang tersedia diperoleh hasil besaran nilai stok ikan yang bersifat dinamis, akibat perubahan yang terjadi pada parameter–parameter model produksi surplus. Tingkat maximum sustainable yield menunjukkan CMSY darimetode Gompertz lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan metode logistik, sebaliknya tingkat EMSY lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan metode logistik. Konsekuensi perbedaan tersebut menghasilkan tingkat BMSY dan tercapai puncak titik jenuh dari perikanan pukat cincin berbeda, untuk metode Gompertz (37% dari biomassa awal) terjadi pada kurun waktu tahun 1978 sampai dengan 1981, sedangkan untuk metode logistik (50% dari biomassa awal) terjadi pada kurun waktu tahun 1990 sampai dengan 1992. Kondisi trend biomassa menunjukkan penurunan biomassa berkisar 92 sampai dengan 96,5% dari biomassa awal untuk metode Gompertz, sedangkan untuk metode logistik berkisar 70 sampai dengan 93%. Tampak perkembangan perikanan pukat cincin catch effort mengikuti fungsi pertumbuhan logistik daripada fungsi pertumbuhan Gompertz. Bagaimanapun, penyusutan stok ikan pelagis didukung oleh trend hasil tangkapan yang menurun, sedangkan hari operasi cenderung meningkat. During the time, framework of fisheries resources management was based on reference point of potency value and criteria (maximum sustainable yield), while net growth of fish stock and fisheries dynamics have been ignored. From data combination available obtaining result of size of fish stocks was dynamic due to change of parameters of surplus production. The Level maximum sustainable yield showes that CMSY method of Gompertz was higher than logistics method, on the contrary EMSY compared to lower than logistics method. Consequently, these results were obtained the level of BMSY (biomass at level maximum sustainable yield) and the peaks of exploitation from purse seine fishery were also diffrent, for Gompertz method revealed that the level of BMSY (37% from initially biomass) occurred in the period of 1978 to 1981, while logistics method (50% from initially biomass) occurred in the period of 1990 to 1992. Trend biomass in state of decline reached 92 to 96,5% from intially biomass for Gompertz method, while for the method of logistics reached 70 to 93% from intially biomass. Seems that the development of purse seine fisheries (catch effort) followed function growth logistics rather than the function growth Gompertz. However, the decrease of fish stock pelagic supported by the catch of pelagic fish showed a declining trend, while fishing days have tend to increase.
ASPEK BIOLOGI DAN DAERAH PENANGKAPAN CUCUT BOTOL (Squalus sp.) YANG TERTANGKAP DI PERAIRAN SAMUDERA HINDIA
Authors: Dharmadi Dharmadi , Fahmi Fahmi
Published: February 2017

Penelitian mengenai keragaman jenis Elasmobranchi dilakukan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2002 di pelabuhan-pelabuhan perikanan PPI Cilacap, TPI Palabuhanratu, TPI Kedonganan-Bali, dan PPI Tanjung Luar-Lombok Timur. Cucut botol Squalus sp. merupakan jenis cucut laut dalam yang paling sering dijumpai selama penelitian berlangsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cucut botol betina lebih sering tertangkap dibandingkan cucut jantan pada setiap waktu pengamatan. Frekuensi panjang cucut botol tertinggi dijumpai pada bulan Juni danAgustus yaitu berkisar antara 62 sampai dengan 68 cm. Nisbah kelamin cucut botol antara jantan betina selama pengamatan adalah 1:1,83. Hubungan antara panjang total tubuh dan panjang klasper cenderung linier dengan nilai R2=0,634326. Puncak musim penangkapan cucut botol terjadi sekitar bulan Agustus. Sedangkan daerah penangkapan cucut botol adalah di perairan Samudera Hindia. A study on diversity Elasmobranchi of was conducted using market surveys method from January to December 2002 at several fish landings in southern Indonesia, i.e. the Cilacap, Palabuhanratu, Kedonganan- Bali, and Tanjung Luar-East Lombok landing sites.A deep water shark, Indonesian shortnose spurdog (Squalus sp.), was the most common deep water sharks captured in the area during the study. Results show that females sharks were caught more frequent at every observation than those of males. The most abundant of Indonesian shortnose spurdog was recorded in June and August ranging from 62 to 68 cm in total length. Sex ratio between males and females of Squalus sp. during the study was 1:1.83, and the relationship between total length and claspers length of dogfish shark was linier (R2=0.634326). The peak fishing season of Indonesian spurdog was occurred in August with the fishing area was in the Indian Ocean.
SEBARAN DAN KEPADATAN UDANG MANTIS (Carinosquilla spinosa) DI PERAIRAN ARAFURA
Authors: Wedjatmiko Wedjatmiko
Published: February 2017

Udang mantis (Carinosquilla spinosa) merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan laut dan termasuk dalam jenis udang, dengan ordo Stomatopoda. Secara umum, komoditas tersebut sering disebut dengan udang ronggeng, udang mantis, dan udang pengko. Penelitian terhadap penyebaran dan densitas udang mantis (Carinosquilla spinosa) di perairan Arafura dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Nopember 2003. Alat tangkap yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis alat tangkap khusus untuk udang komersial (trawl). Lokasi penelitian difokuskan di sekitar muara Sungai Digul dengan kordinat 6°–7,5° LS dan 137°–138° BT, yang merupakan daerah penangkapan udang komersial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebaran udang mantis terdapat di semua stasiun penelitian, dengan dominasi hasil tangkapan tepat di depan muara Sungai Digul, dengan densitas sekitar 28,75 sampai dengan 51,50 kg per jam. Sedangkan rata-rata hasil tangkapan udang mantis di perairan Arafura adalah 14 kg per jam. Ukuran panjang rata-rata udang mantis secara total adalah 11,00 cm dengan bobot rata-rata per ekor 20,83 g dari kisaran 6,1 sampai dengan 25,0 cm. Modus kelas frekuensi panjang terjadi pada ukuran 9,1 sampai dengan 10 cm. Mantis shrimp (Carinosquilla spinosa) is one of marine fisheries commodity and includes in crustaceans. In generally this shrimp is called udang ronggeng or udang pengko (local named). Research on mantis shrimp (Carinosquilla spinosa) resources in Arafura waters was conducted during October to November 2003. The fishing gear used was stern trawl with length of head rope 35 m and ground rope 41 m. Research location in Arafura waters, was conducted closed to comercial shrimp catch area by cordinat 6°–7,5° S dan 137°–138° E. Result of the research shows that distribution of the shrimp was on whole station, but dominan density was closed to Digul Estuary, with catch rate 28,75 to 51,50 kg per hour. The average catch rate every station was 14 kg per hour and the size 11,00 cm and 20,83 g. Minimum size of mantis shrimp was 6,1 cm, and maximum size was 25 cm.
Dificuldade de narrar: a prosa ficcional de Severo Sarduy
Authors: Andrade Antonio ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

Resumo Neste artigo, analiso a obra ficcional de Severo Sarduy, indicando nela a produtividade da tensão entre linguagem, desejo e comunidade para se discutir, numa perspectiva oblíqua, o caráter político do discurso literário neobarroco na América Latina. Ao analisar os textos narrativos, busco problematizar a abordagem formalista do literário, evidenciando a relação entre literatura e experiência, reflexão metalinguística e debate sócio-histórico. No desdobramento desta discussão, enfatizo a percepção a respeito da “dificuldade de narrar”, sinalizada e enformada por Sarduy de diferentes formas: processo discursivo que se liga à noção de crise de valores ideológicos e estéticos, experienciada por esse instigante escritor que atuou decisivamente no campo artístico e intelectual da segunda metade do século XX.
Da fotografia à cultura visual: Arquivo Fotográfico e práticas de preservação do Iphan
Authors: Costa Eduardo Augusto ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

RESUMO O arquivo fotográfico do Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan), como instituição de saber científico ligada à arquitetura e ao urbanismo, tem aqui um lugar de reflexão fundamental para a compreensão das práticas de preservação e restauro desenvolvidas pelo próprio instituto. Parte-se do princípio de que um arquivo é o próprio futuro da história, uma vez que é ali onde pesquisadores podem ter acesso ao passado ou, mais precisamente, a uma ideia de passado projetada para o futuro. Mediante um trabalho crítico e investigativo quanto à própria natureza desse arquivo, organizado essencialmente por meio de documentos fotográficos, este artigo pretende apresentar algumas das estratégias do Iphan na operacionalização e projeto de uma história para si, de uma história para a cultura brasileira. Este enfoque busca sinalizar certas questões e possíveis abordagens da cultura visual na sua relação com a historiografia da arquitetura e do patrimônio.
Figurações da cidade: um olhar para a literatura como fonte da história urbana
Authors: Castro Ana Claudia Veiga de ,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

RESUMO Nota-se nas últimas décadas um interesse renovado pelas possíveis conexões entre a história e a literatura. Contudo, os rendimentos dessa ligação continuam sendo em grande medida um desafio. Do ponto de vista de uma história urbana, a incorporação de gêneros literários e discursos não especializados ao acervo de fontes tradicionais, além de ampliar o catálogo documental mobilizado, também tem contribuído para a consolidação de um subcampo, a história cultural urbana, cuja perspectiva analítica modifica os modos de compreensão do artefato urbano. Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre as potencialidades do uso da literatura como fonte para a história urbana, e a faz a partir de três entradas. Inicialmente, apresenta um comentário sobre duas obras hoje clássicas que tangenciam o tema. Em seguida, busca recuperar algumas referências dentro do campo da história da cidade no Brasil. Por último, reflete sobre três incursões da autora na temática em questão, com o intuito de apresentar algumas conclusões parciais que apontem um caminho de trabalho.
Formação de enfermeiros centrada na prática profissional: percepção de estudantes e professores
Authors: Tonhom Sílvia Franco da Rocha ,   Faculdade de Medicina de Marília,  Brasil, Moraes Magali Aparecida Alves de , Pinheiro Osni Lázaro
Published: February 2017

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a percepção de estudantes e professores sobre o processo de inserção do estudante na prática profissional de enfermagem. Método Pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa exploratória, por meio da análise de documentos de avaliação, preenchidos por estudantes e professores do Curso de Enfermagem. Nesse estudo, todos os documentos preenchidos por professores e estudantes foram utilizados e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados Foram identificados núcleos de sentido que deram origem às seguintes temáticas: “Aprendizagem a partir do contexto profissional” e “Processo de ensino e aprendizagem: estratégias utilizadas”. Conclusão O estudo demonstrou a importância da inserção dos estudantes no contexto hospitalar para o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem, permitindo maior aproximação com a realidade da profissão. Também foi valorizada a parceria entre o ensino e o serviço, destacando a necessidade da Educação Permanente, como ferramenta de reflexão para os professores e os profissionais do serviço, potencializando também a reorganização curricular.
WEED INTERFERENCE IN COTTON PLANTS GROWN WITH REDUCED SPACING IN THE SECOND HARVEST SEASON
Authors: RAIMONDI MICHEL ALEX ,   Agro MR, Francisco Alves,  Brazil, OLIVEIRA JUNIOR RUBEM SILVÉRIO DE , CONSTANTIN JAMIL , FRANCHINI LUIZ HENRIQUE MORAIS , BLAINSKI ÉDER , RAIMONDI RICARDO TRAVASSO ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá,  Brazil,   Terra Paraná Agricultural Research and Training,  Brazil
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT Changes in row spacing may result in changes in crop and weed behavior and crop-weed competition. A study was performed to determine the periods of weed presence and weed control in cotton sown with 0.76 m spacing between planting rows. Cotton cultivar FM 993 was sown on 01/08/2010 with the aim of reaching a density of 190,000 seeds ha-1. Treatments with either weed presence or weed control during the first 0, 5, 10, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50, 57, 64, 71, and 190 days of cultivation were established to determine the period prior to weed interference (PPI), total period of interference prevention (TPIP) and critical period of weed control (CPWC). The weed species with high relative importance were Amaranthus retroflexus, Bidens pilosa, Eleusine indica, Digitaria horizontalis, Alternanthera tenella, and Commelina benghalensis. Considering a maximum yield loss of 5%, the PPI was established 11 days after cotton emergence (DAE), the TPWC at 46 DAE, and the CPWC between 11 and 46 DAE, for a total duration of 35 days. Considering a maximum acceptable yield loss equal to the standard deviation for the weed-free treatment, the PPI was established at 6 DAE, the TPWC at 55 DAE, and the CPWC between 6 and 55 DAE for a total duration of 49 days