bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of Instant Feedback on Performance at the Digital Level on Discus Effectiveness
Authors: Mayasah Abd Ali Kadhim
Published: January 2021

The problem of the research was that those in charge of the educational process try to achieve a high successrate and results by delivering the material to be taught, whether practical or theoretical, to students. In orderto achieve this, they try to use various means of assistance, including the desired nutrition of all kinds. Inarena and field games, the discus-throwing activity is one of the activities that are taught for the first stagein the Faculties of Physical Education and Sports Science and its results are determined by the technicalperformance of the throwing stages and measuring the distance of performance, and in order to achievegood learning and results in a faster time and to support and stabilize the learned response, the researcherdecided to study the effect of one type of nutrition The feedback is immediate knowledge of performanceresults at the digital level in discus throwing activities, and the aim of the research was to identify theeffect of immediate knowledge of performance results at the digital level on discus throwing activities. Theresearcher used the experimental method on (55) students from the first stage of the College of Education forGirls / Department of Physical Education And sports sciences at the University of Kufa for the 2019-2020academic season, ConclusionsImmediate knowledge of performance results provides the learner with a typeof feedback that helps improve his performance.
Antibacterial activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle (ZnONP) Biosynthesis by Lactobacillus plantarium aganist pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Zaman S. Hamza
Published: January 2021

The good capability of zinc-tolerant probiotic of Lactobacillus plantarum tolerating high concentrations ofZinc+2 and producing Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles high lights the unique characteristics of these bacteria as anatural microbial cell nano-factory for a more efficient and environmentally friendly process of biosynthesisof these nanoparticles. The morphology structure and stability of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles werestudied using structural and morphological Properties technology such as XRD and FE- SEM analysis it alsoused optical properties such as UV and FTIR spectrum. The results depicted that the synthesized nanoparticleswere moderately stable, exagonal phase, roughly spherical with maximum particles in size range within7–19nm in diameteralso this study include the antibacterial activity of the Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on somepathogenic bacteria .It is clear in this the study that Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles has stronger inhibitory effecton pathogenic bacteria because The proposed two imaginable mechanisms for the antibacterial action ofzinc oxide nanoparticles to bacteria are first, creation of augmented levels of ROS mostly hydroxyl radicaland singlet oxygen which destruction the bacterial cell wall. Second nanoparticles deposition on bacterialsurface or nanoparticles aggregation either in the periplasm region or in the cytoplasm initiating distractionof cellular function and membranes disorganization .
The Meshing between Epstein Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen-1 and P53 in Iraqi Malignant Breast Tissues
Authors: Bareq N. Al-Nuaimi
Published: January 2021

In Iraq, breast cancer incidence exceeds any other type of cancers and the etiology not understood well.Epstein Barr virus is a gamma herpesviruses and one of carcinogenic viruses that may implicated tobreast carcinogenesis. The nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) protein is the sole EBV antigen that presentedin all tumors related to EBV and plays pivotal roles in carcinogenesis of the virus. Examination appliedby immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect and demonstrate the correlation between (EBNA-1) and tumorsuppressor protein (P53) expression. The study includes paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of ninety 90malignant breast tissues and thirty 30 normal breast autopsies. EBNA-1 was significantly expressed in 40/90(44.4%) of malignant tissues while its expression in normal breast tissues was negative in all tested cases.The tumor suppressor protein P53 was showed negative expression in all normal breast tissues and positivein 27/90 (30%) in malignant breast tissues. A significant negative relationship (r=-0.420; P<0.05) revealedbetween EBNA-1and P53 expression. These finding reveal that EBNA-1 was evident in malignant breasttissues and demonstrate the interplay between EBV and p53 raising the possibility that viral infection maybe involved in carcinogenesis process
The Relation of Mixed Marketing with Patient Loyality in Syekh Yusuf Gowa General Hospital
Authors: Nurfardiansyah Burhanuddin
Published: January 2021

It is important for hospitals to have the right marketing strategy, with marketing programs conductedcan improve the quality of service, with good service quality, it will be able to satisfy customers so thatcustomers will be loyal. This study aims to determine the relationship between the mixed marketing withpatient loyalty in the Syekh Yusuf Gowa Regional Hospital. This type of research is an observational studywith a cross sectional study approach. The population in this study were all inpatients who used servicesat the SyekhGowa Regional General Hospital in a amonth. The sampling method was done by accidentalsampling, which is 114 respondents. Data analysis in this research was carried out by testing hypothesesthrough the correlation test method. Bivariate analysis with correlation test shows that there is a relationshipbetween the mixed promotion (P = 0,000), mixed service provider (P = 0,000), mixed physical facility (P =0.012) and patient loyalty, but there is no relationship between the mixed process (P = 0.064) with patientloyalty. So, there is a relationship between the mixed marketing of promotion, mixed marketing of servicepresenters, mixed marketing of physical facilities and patient loyalty.
Age And Gender Features Of Motivational Readiness Of Children For School Education
Authors:   Candidate Of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor Tashkent Institute Of Textile And Light Industry, Uzbekistan, Imamovna Khodjakulova Dilorom
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes the concept of motivational readiness for schooling, reveals the structure of motivational readiness and the student’s internal position as one of the most important neoplasms of the motivational sphere in preschool age, presents the results of an empirical study of age and gender characteristics of motivational readiness of children for schooling.
Formation Of Universal Training Activities In The Implementation Of Homework At Physical Training Lessons
Authors:   Head Of The Department Of Physical Culture And Sport, Tashkent Institute Of Irrigation And Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Uzbekistan, Norkobilov Muhiddin Najimovich , Tashpulatov Farkhod Alisherovich ,   Associate Professor Of The Department Of Professional Psychology, Physical Education And Sport, Tashkent Financial Institute, Uzbekistan, Primkulov Akbar Togaevich ,   Assistant, Tashkent Institute Of Irrigation And Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2021

The specifics of the homework system that meets state educational standards is described. The analysis of a number of training programs developed in accordance with state educational standards is presented and an approximate plan of homework is developed, characterized by the systematic use of homework that meets the requirements of state educational standards.
The Importance Of Interdisciplinary Integration In Preparing Future Vocational Education Teachers For Professional Activities
Authors:   Doctor Of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Ministry Of Preschool Education, Uzbekistan, Olimov Kakhramon Tanzilovich , Sharipova Shahlo Sadullaevna ,   Doctor Of Philosophy Phd, Institute For Retraining And Advanced Training Of Preschool Education Personnel And Managers, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2021

This article highlights the importance of interdisciplinary integration in preparing future vocational education teachers for professional work, interdisciplinary relationships, mechanisms for forming professional competencies in the development of student learning activities, and pedagogical conditions for effective interdisciplinary integration. The emphasis is placed on systematic inclusion of university teachers in achieving the goals and objectives of building professional competence of students through interdisciplinary integration.
Adaptation Of Students To The Conditions Of Educational Institution
Authors:   Associate Professor Of ", Mukumova Dilrabo Inatovna ,   Pedagogy, Psychology And Teaching Methods",   , Phd In Pedagogical Sciences, Tashkent Institute Of Irrigation And Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Uzbekistan, Umarova Feruza Nigmatovna ,   Senior Lecturer Of The English Department, Tashkent Institute Of Irrigation And Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Uzbekistan, Yarova Sevara Bakhodirovna ,   Independent Researcher Of The Department Of Pedagogy, Psychology And Teaching Methodology, Tashkent Institute Of Irrigation And Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, Uzbekistan
Published: January 2021

Adaptation of students to the conditions of the educational institution, to the mode of its work is a prerequisite for determining the success of student learning at any professional educational institution. The most important condition for the emergence and development of a professional orientation, and then the formation of a specialist, is an interest in special subjects. If a student has aroused interest in the subject, this is the merit of the teacher.
Philosophy In "Why Me" By Omon Matjon's Epic
Authors:   Lecturer At The Department Of Uzbek Language And Literature, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Akhmedova Shokhista
Published: January 2021

This article is devoted to the study of philosophical issues in the works of Omon Matjon. In the article, the poet's "Why me ?!" the epic is analyzed and interpreted. The emergence of new interpretations of the work of Omon Matjon among the representatives of the Uzbek poetry of the twentieth century, their confirmation or denial, the escalation of debates on them can be considered a natural phenomenon in the world of science.
Cyrtometopinid trilobites from the upper Volkhov and lower Lynna Formation (lower Darriwilian) of NW Russia
Authors: Hansen Thomas
Published: January 2021

Two cyrtometopinid trilobite taxa from the lower Darriwilian of NW Russia are examined. A new species of the genus Krattaspis is described, extending the stratigraphical range of the genus into the lower Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician).
K. paraspinosis n.sp. is the youngest representative of the genus, but is closest to forms assigned to Cyrtometopus and confirms the derivation of Cyrtometopus from Krattaspis. Ontogenetic studies of K. paraspinosis n.sp. and Cyrtometopus clavifrons Angelin, 1854, from the same beds indicates a forward displacement of the eyes with increasing size, which may be contrary to all other known members of the family Cheiruridae.
Postglacial sedimentary regime around northern Sylt, South-eastern North Sea, based on shallow seismic profiles
Authors: Boldreel L , Kuijpers O , Madsen A. , Hass E. B., , Lindhorst S. , Rasmussen R. , Nielsen M. G. , Bartholdy J. , Pedersen J.B.T
Published: January 2021

During the past 5 years the coastal zone offshore the northern part of the island of Sylt, has been investigated by sparker seismics and high-resolution subbottom profiling.
The North Sea sector of the area is characterized by northward-directed sediment bypass as a result of strong long-shore (tidal) currents heading towards the Lister Tief. The southern part of Lister Tief is characterized by the presence of a major dune field with up to 8 m high compound dunes with wavelengths up to 350 m indicative of easterly-directed sediment transport (flood dominated).
Further to the northwest, in the outer delta, a dune field suggesting westerly-directed sediment transport is identified. The two dune fields appear to be separated by minor indefinite bed forms. The northern part of the Lister Tief is characterised by the presence of a channel with a depth of 20-30 mbsf (meter below sea level) (30-40 msec TWT (Two Way Traveltime)) and displaying erosion towards the north.
At the western termination of the channel the sediment transport pathway appears to be divided into two directions; one towards the outer delta, and one towards the sediment depocenter SW of Rømø. The Lister Ley is characterized by the presence of minor dunes, indicative of flood-current control, apart from a central zone where ebb-tide is responsible for northward-directed sediment transport.
Sparker seismic and Chirp III data are consistent with processes having been persistent throughout the Holocene. Based on the study a model for the current direction and sedimentation regime is suggested.
Nueva era de las vacunas: nuevas interrogantes
Authors: Ortiz Alfaro Conrad
Published: January 2021

Nueva era de las vacunas: nuevas interrogantes
Factores de riesgo para primer episodio de accidente cerebro vascular encefálico a diferentes niveles de altitudrentes niveles de altitud
Authors: Romero Cordova Jose , Diaz Lazo Anibal
Published: January 2021

Objetivo. Determinar los factores de riesgo para el primer episodio de accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) encefálico en personas que habitan a diferentes niveles de altitud. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y analítico en dos hospitales situados a 150 m s.n.m. y 3250 m s.n.m, entre el año 2012 y el 2018. La muestra fue seleccionada según criterios de inclusión y exclusión. El diagnostico de ACV fue determinado por tomografía o resonancia cerebral. Resultados. Se incluyeron 72 (100%) pacientes, 40 (55,5%) vivían a 150 m s.n.m. y 32 (44,5 %) a 3250 m s.n.m.  Los promedios de edades fueron 64,3 +- 13,9 y 71,6 +- 14,0 años, respectivamente (p=0,033).El grupo etario más afectado tenía entre 70 a 79 años y se encontraba con mayor porcentaje en altura (43,7 % vs 27,5 %). Los factores de riesgo con mayor frecuencia para ACV a nivel del mar fueron la hipertensión arterial (95,0 % vs. 62,5 %), diabetes mellitus (47,5 % vs. 3,1 %) y fibrilación auricular (15% vs 0%) en comparación a la altura. El nivel socioeconómico bajo (81,2 % vs 27,5 %), el género femenino (75,0 % vs 42,5 %), tener enfermedad valvular (6,2 % vs 2,5 %) y la policitemia (9,3% vs 0,0%) fueron asociados con mayor frecuencia al ACV en altura. Conclusión. Se concluye que la hipertensión arterial es un factor de riesgo importante para el primer episodio de ACV encefálico, tanto a nivel del mar como en altura. La diabetes y la fibrilación auricular fueron más frecuentes a nivel del mar y en altura el nivel  socioeconómico bajo, la policitemia y el padecer de enfermedad valvular.
Seguridad del paciente y cultura de seguridad en gestores de instituciones sanitarias de una red de salud
Authors: Borneo Cantalicio Eler
Published: January 2021

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La dependencia emocional como factor de riesgo en la violencia familiar, un problema de salud pública
Authors: Beraún Vásquez Hilda , Poma Rojas Elena
Published: January 2021

Objetivo. Determinar si la dependencia emocional es un factor de riesgo para la violencia familiar de las mujeres atendidas en el Módulo Judicial Integrado en Violencia Familiar Huancayo. Métodos. Estudio cuantitativo, analítico, observacional de casos y controles. La muestra estuvo constituida por 2 grupos; el primero de 83 mujeres víctimas de violencia familiar (caso), el segundo de 21 mujeres que no reportaron violencia familiar (control). Se aplicó el cuestionario de dependencia emocional, para la prueba de hipótesis se utilizaron tablas cruzadas, a fin de analizar el odds ratio(OR). Resultados. Se determinó que el promedio de edad era de 32,5 años, el estado civil era mayoritariamente de convivientes con un 42,2 %, el nivel de instrucción principal, secundaria, con un 44,6 %, la ocupación mayoritaria, ama de casa en un 63,9 % y el tipo de violencia que reportaron era física y psicológica en un 41,3 % de los casos. Los niveles de dependencia en los seis factores de la escala reportaron niveles altos de dependencia emocional. según los resultados, fue de OR 13,361, IC 95 % 4,359 – 40,950. Conclusiones. Las características sociodemográficas son un factor de riesgo para seguir en el círculo de violencia que, en un mayor porcentaje, se asocia a la agresión física y psicológica. El nivel alto de dependencia emocional explicaría los comportamientos que mantiene la mujer para retener a su pareja; una actitud que la invalida, la humilla y la mantiene sumergida en una relación violenta. Se asume que las mujeres con dependencia emocional tienen 13 veces mayor probabilidad de ser víctimas de violencia familiar que aquellas que no presentaron dependencia emocional.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas nutricionales de estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud
Authors: Mucha Hospinal Florencio , Alania Contreras Ruben
Published: January 2021

Objetivo. Caracterizar y comparar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas nutricionales de estudiantes de estudiantes de Odontología, Psicología y Obstetricia de la Universidad Peruana Los Andes de Huancayo. Métodos.Tipo de investigación básico y diseño no experimental, transversal, descriptivo comparativo. La muestra, que fue no probabilística e intencionada, estuvo compuesta por 35 estudiantes de Odontología, 35 de Psicología y 35 de Obstetricia. Se aplicó el “cuestionario de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas nutricionales de estudiantes universitarios”, el mismo que fue validado mediante el juicio de tres expertos en nutrición humana. Resultados. Se halló que el 66.6 % de los estudiantes consumía tres comidas al día, el 52 % tomaba desayuno interdiariamente y el 45 % diariamente; el 86,7 % consumía alimentos en los kioscos adyacentes al campus y el 48,6 % manifiesto desayunar en horario de clase. El conocimiento de la función de los lácteos fue de 96 %, de las carnes 76,3 %, de embutidos y hamburguesas 49,7 %, de las frutas 78,3 %, de los vegetales comestibles 91%, de bebidas gaseosas 38,7 % y golosinas 63,7 %. Conclusiones. De acuerdo con las competencias nutricionales necesarias en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud, existe deficiencias en los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas nutricionales de la población estudiada; con diferencias porcentuales relevantes entre las tres carreras.
Changing the interpretation of Heidegger's philosophy
in the discourse of Soviet Marxism
Authors: Savin Alexey
Published: January 2021

The talk reveals the transformation logic of Heidegger's philosophy interpretation in the domestic Soviet Marxism. The stages of development of Heidegger's philosophy interpretation are highlighted. The talk demonstrates that the transformation of Heidegger's philosophy interpretation in the Soviet Union takes place against the background of the degeneration of Soviet Marxism in the USSR. In particular, this process determines the weakening of the radicalism of the Russian criticism of Heidegger’s philosophy and the legitimation of Heideggerian studies in Russia.
Feeding intolerance associates with late onset sepsis in very low birth weight infants
Authors: KÖSE ÇETİNKAYA Aslıhan , SARI Fatma Nur , BÜYÜKTİRYAKİ Mehmet , ALYAMAC DİZDAR Evrim , TAYMAN Cüneyt , OĞUZ Şerife
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the association between feeding intolerance and late onset sepsis (LOS) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.

Material and Methods: In this retrospective study inborn infants with a gestational age less than 32 weeks or birth weight less then 1500 grams were enrolled. Demographic and neonatal characteristics of infants who had culture proven LOS were compared with the control infants, matched for birth weight and gestational age.

Results: A total of 408 infants (LOS n=136, non LOS n=272) were analyzed. The mean (SD) gestational age and birth weight of the whole cohort were 27.8 weeks (±1.6) and 1016.92 grams (±200.39) Exclusively breast feeding was lower and feeding intolerance was more frequent in LOS group (p=0.028, p
Anxiety Levels of Patients Hospitalized for Labor During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: SEVEN Banu , GÜNDÜZ Özlem , BUYUK Gul Nihal , KOKANALI Mahmut Kuntay , MORALOĞLU TEKİN Özlem
Published: January 2021

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the anxiety conditions of low-risk term pregnant women hospitalized for labor during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Materials and Method: This cross-sectional survey study includes 200 low-risk term pregnant women hospitalized for delivery. Sociodemographic and obstetric data were collected. Women's anxiety were examined using Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire form at admission. Total scores greater than 50 were classified as pathological levels of anxiety.

Results: The mean trait score was 36.99±10.08 and the mean state score was 41.03±8.89, and the difference between these two scores was statistical significant. State and trait scores were higher in women who had contact with covid-infected people than those who did not. There was a significant positive correlation between state and trait scores. The history of contact with covid 19 infected person and the presence of pathological trait anxity were determined as significant factors for the presence of pathological state anxiety related to SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Conclusion: Pregnant women with history of contact with covid 19 infected person or with pathological trait anxiety have higher state anxiety during COVID-19 outbreak. It is important to identify women with high risk of developing anxiety in order to provide early psychological interventions.
Liberation Theologies of the Twentieth Century: Insights for Integral Development of Africa in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Okanlawon Samuel O.
Published: January 2021

Development ideas and programmes in Africa generally overlook the role of religion. But contrary to this attitude, religion, in this context, Christianity, can be a catalyst to the development of Africa in the twenty-first century. The theological discourse of the twentieth century propelled progressive socio-economic and political developments. Thus, the paper examines the liberation theologies of the twentieth century and contextualizes the lessons learned from them for development in Africa and as an exemplar exercise in public theology. This is done using the historical method of research within the ambit of the theory of theological reflection. The liberation theologies affirmed the biblical ethos of liberation for all people under God with a focus on poverty, racism, and gender inequality. They became the platform for galvanizing efforts towards humanization and the betterment of people’s lives. Their propositions can be integrated into thinking and quest for development in Africa.

Keywords: Theology, Liberation, Liberation Theologies, Development, Feminist, Africa, Black, Public Theology.
DIRECT AND INVERSE PROBLEMS FOR THERMAL GROOVING BY SURFACE DIFFUSION WITH TIME DEPENDENT MULLINS COEFFICIENT
Authors: Ismailov Mansur I.
Published: January 2021

We consider the Mullins’ equation of a single surface grooving when the surface diffusion is not considered as very slow. This problem can be formed by a surface grooving of profiles in a finite space region. The finiteness of the space region allows to apply the Fourier series analysis for one groove and also to consider the Mullins coefficient as well as slope of the groove root to be time-dependent. We also solve the inverse problem of finding time-dependent Mullins coefficient from total mass measurement. For both of these problems, the grooving side boundary conditions are identical to those of Mullins, and the opposite boundary is accompanied by a zero position and zero curvature which both together arrive at self adjoint boundary conditions.
UNIVERSALITY OF ZETA-FUNCTIONS OF CUSP FORMS AND NON-TRIVIAL ZEROS OF THE RIEMANN ZETA-FUNCTION
Authors: Balčiūnas Aidas , Franckevič Violeta , Garbaliauskienė Virginija , Macaitienė Renata , Rimkevičienė Audronė
Published: January 2021

It is known that zeta-functions ζ(s,F) of normalized Hecke-eigen cusp forms F are universal in the Voronin sense, i.e., their shifts ζ(s + iτ,F), τ R, approximate a wide class of analytic functions. In the paper, under a weak form of the Montgomery pair correlation conjecture, it is proved that the shifts ζ(s+iγkh,F), where γ1 < γ2 < ... is a sequence of imaginary parts of non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function and h > 0, also approximate a wide class of analytic functions.
WASP-107b’s Density Is Even Lower: A Case Study for the Physics of Planetary Gas Envelope Accretion and Orbital Migration
Authors: Piaulet Caroline , Benneke Björn , Rubenzahl Ryan A. , Howard Andrew W. , Lee Eve J. , Thorngren Daniel , Angus Ruth , Peterson Merrin , Schlieder Joshua E. , Werner Michael , Kreidberg Laura , Jaouni Tareq , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Ciardi David R. , Petigura Erik A. , Livingston John , Dressing Courtney D. , Fulton Benjamin J. , Beichman Charles , Christiansen Jessie L. , Gorjian Varoujan , Hardegree-Ullman Kevin K. , Krick Jessica , Sinukoff Evan
Published: January 2021

With a mass in the Neptune regime and a radius of Jupiter, WASP-107b presents a challenge to planet formation theories. Meanwhile, the planet’s low surface gravity and the star’s brightness also make it one of the most favorable targets for atmospheric characterization. Here, we present the results of an extensive 4 yr Keck/HIRES radial-velocity (RV) follow-up program of the WASP-107 system and provide a detailed study of the physics governing the accretion of the gas envelope of WASP-107b. We reveal that WASP-107b’s mass is only 1.8 Neptune masses (M

b
 = 30.5 ± 1.7 M
⊕). The resulting extraordinarily low density suggests that WASP-107b has a H/He envelope mass fraction of >85% unless it is substantially inflated. The corresponding core mass of  <4.6 M
⊕ at 3σ is significantly lower than what is traditionally assumed to be necessary to trigger massive gas envelope accretion. We demonstrate that this large gas-to-core mass ratio most plausibly results from the onset of accretion at ≳1 au onto a low-opacity, dust-free atmosphere and subsequent migration to the present-day a

b
 = 0.0566 ± 0.0017 au. Beyond WASP-107b, we also detect a second, more massive planet (

) on a wide eccentric orbit (e

c
 = 0.28 ± 0.07) that may have influenced the orbital migration and spin–orbit misalignment of WASP-107b. Overall, our new RV observations and envelope accretion modeling provide crucial insights into the intriguing nature of WASP-107b and the system’s formation history. Looking ahead, WASP-107b will be a keystone planet to understand the physics of gas envelope accretion.
Relationships between the Stellar, Gaseous, and Star Formation Disks in LITTLE THINGS Dwarf Irregular Galaxies: Indirect Evidence for Substantial Fractions of Dark Molecular Gas
Authors: Hunter Deidre A. , Elmegreen Bruce G. , Goldberger Esther , Taylor Hannah , Ermakov Anton I. , Herrmann Kimberly A. , Oh Se-Heon , Malko Bradley , Barandi Brian , Jundt Ryan
Published: January 2021

The stellar, gaseous and young stellar disks in the LITTLE THINGS sample of nearby dwarf irregular galaxies are fitted with functions to search for correlations between the parameters. We find that the H i radial profiles are generally flatter in the center and fall faster in the outer regions than the V-band profiles, while young stars are more centrally concentrated, especially if the H i is more centrally flat. This pattern suggests that the H i is turning into molecules in the center, and the molecular clouds are forming stars and FUV. A model that assumes the molecular surface density is proportional to the total gas surface density to a power of 1.5 or 2, in analogy with the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation, reproduces the relationship between the ratio of the visible to the H i scale length and the H i Sérsic index. The molecular fraction is estimated as a function of radius for each galaxy by converting the FUV to a molecular surface density using conventional calibrations. The average molecular fraction inside 3R
D is 23% ± 17%. However, the break in the stellar surface brightness profile has no unified tracer related to star formation.
Chandra Detection of Three X-Ray Bright Quasars at z > 5
Authors: Li Jiang-Tao , Wang Feige , Yang Jinyi , Zhang Yuchen , Fu Yuming , Bian Fuyan , Bregman Joel N. , Fan Xiaohui , Li Qiong , Wu Xue-Bing , Yu Xiaodi
Published: January 2021

We report Chandra detection of three UV-bright radio-quiet quasars at z ≳ 5. We have collected a sufficient number of photons to extract an X-ray spectrum of each quasar to measure their basic X-ray properties, such as the X-ray flux, power-law photon index (Γ), and optical-to-X-ray spectral slope (α
OX). J074749+115352 at z = 5.26 is the X-ray brightest radio-quiet quasar at z > 5. It may have a short timescale variation (on a timescale of ∼3800 s in the observer’s frame, or  ∼600 s in the rest frame), which is, however, largely embedded in the statistical noise. We extract phase folded spectra of this quasar. There are two distinguishable states: a “high soft” state with an average X-ray flux ∼2.7 times the “low hard” state, and a significantly steeper X-ray spectral slope (

versus

). We also compare the three quasars detected in this paper to other quasar samples. We find that J074749+115352, with an SMBH mass of M
SMBH ≈ 1.8 × 109
M
⊙ and an Eddington ratio of λ
Edd ≈ 2.3, is extraordinarily X-ray bright. It has an average α
OX = −1.46 ± 0.02 and a 2–10 keV bolometric correction factor of L
bol/L
2–10 keV = 42.4 ± 5.8, both significantly depart from some well defined scaling relations. We compare Γ of the three quasars to other samples at different redshifts, and do not find any significant redshift evolution based on the limited sample of z > 5 quasars with reliable measurements of the X-ray spectral properties.
Hadronic X-Ray Flares from Blazars
Authors: Mastichiadis Apostolos , Petropoulou Maria
Published: January 2021

The detection of a high-energy neutrino from the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056 and the subsequent discovery of a neutrino excess from the same direction have strengthened the hypothesis that blazars are cosmic neutrino sources. The lack, however, of γ-ray flaring activity during the latter period challenges the standard scenario of correlated γ-ray and high-energy neutrino emission in blazars. We propose instead that TeV–PeV neutrinos are produced in coincidence with X-ray flares that are powered by proton synchrotron radiation. In this case, neutrinos are produced by photomeson interactions of protons with their own synchrotron radiation, while MeV to GeV γ-rays are the result of synchrotron-dominated electromagnetic cascades developed in the source. Using a time-dependent approach, we find that this “pure hadronic flaring” hypothesis has several interesting consequences. The X-ray flux is a good proxy for the all-flavor neutrino flux, while certain neutrino-rich X-ray flares may be dark in GeV–TeV γ-rays. Lastly, hadronic X-ray flares are accompanied by an equally bright MeV component that is detectable by proposed missions like e-ASTROGAM and AMEGO. We applied this scenario to the extreme blazar 3HSP J095507.9+355101 which has been associated with IceCube-200107A while undergoing an X-ray flare. We showed that the number of muon and anti-muon neutrinos above 100 TeV during hadronic flares can be up to ∼3–10 times higher than the expected number in standard leptohadronic models. Still, frequent hadronic flaring activity is necessary for explaining the detected neutrino event IceCube-200107A.
Estimation of the Galaxy Quenching Rate in the Illustris Simulation
Authors: Wang Yang , Liu Xuan , Zhu Weishan , Tang Lin , Lin Weipeng
Published: January 2021

Quenching is a key topic in exploring the formation and evolution of galaxies. In this work, we study the quenching rate, i.e., the variation in the fraction of quenched galaxies per unit time, of the Illustris-1 simulation. By building the quenched fraction function f(m, ρ, t) of each snapshot in the simulation, we derive an accurate form of quenching rate as

. According to the analytic expression of the quenching rate

, we split it into four components: mass quenching, environmental quenching, intrinsic mass quenching, and intrinsic environmental quenching. The precise value and evolutions can be given via the formula of

. With this method, we analyze the Illustris-1 simulation. We find that quenched galaxies concentrate around M
* ≃ 1011
h
−1
M
⊙ and δ + 1 ≃ 103.5 at earlier times and that the quenching galaxy population slowly shifts to lower stellar mass and lower overdensity regions with time. We also find that mass quenching dominates the quenching process in this simulation, in agreement with some previous analytical models. Intrinsic quenching is the second most important component. Environmental quenching is very weak, because it is possible that the pre- or post-processing of environments disguises environmental quenching as intrinsic quenching. We find that our method roughly predicts the actual quenching rate. It could well predict the actual number of galaxies quenched by intrinsic quenching. However, it overestimates the amount of mass quenching galaxies and underestimates the amount of environmental quenching. We suggest that the reason is the nonlinearity of the environmental overdensity change and mass growth of the galaxy.
The first record of the genus Belenois (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from China
Authors: Ge Si-Xun , Hu Shao-Ji , Shi Hong-Liang , Han Feng-Ying , Li Ming-Jun , Ren Li-Li
Published: January 2021

The family Pieridae is a large group of butterflies which plays an important role in evolutionary biology and contains many potential pests (Courtney 1986). Pieridae is a cosmopolitan family while the tropics harbour higher species richness. In a very recent expedition to the Chinese-Indian border area in Tibet Autonomous Region, a migratory species, Belenois aurota (Fabricius, 1793), was discovered for the first time, which comprises the first record of the genus Belenois in China and the highest altitude record of this species.

The species B. aurota (Fabricius, 1793) is the first record of the genus Belenois from China. The specimen was collected at an altitude of about 3,000 m in Tibet Autonomous Region. Relevant details are presented for the species.
Knowledge Management in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Abad-Segura Emilio , González-Zamar Mariana-Daniela
Published: January 2021

The teaching management of higher education institutions (HEIs) has traditionally focused on processing compliance with regulated curricular conditions, rather than normalizing the learning and knowledge developed, to be transferred to society. The motivation of knowledge management in HEIs should be aimed at strengthening knowledge preservation strategies. In recent decades, this model has been a growing interest on the part of academics and academic institutions at the international level. The main objective of this study is to analyze research trends on knowledge management in HEIs worldwide during the period 1980-2019. Bibliometric techniques were applied to a sample of 1931 scientific journal articles selected from the Scopus database. The study documented a rapidly growing knowledge base, mostly written by academics located in developed societies. This chapter provides a point of reference for future research on this topic, as well as revealing the intellectual structure of this interdisciplinary field.
The Implementation of E-Learning in an Italian University as a Consequence of the Emergency Challenges
Authors: Vesperi Walter , Ventura Marzia , Cristofaro Concetta L. , Reina Rocco
Published: January 2021

This research aims to analyze the implementation process of new knowledge management tools (KMT) in an Italian university as a result of the emergency challenges (COVID-19). The processes of academic knowledge transfer (AKT) and knowledge management tools (KMT) are undergoing rapid changes due to technological innovation and new user requirements. Universities are obliged to offer educational and training courses through distance learning technologies and e-learning platforms. The research adopts a research-action approach to analyze the case study. The results of this research show that the extensive use of KMT and e-learning requires new approaches for the creation of educational content on the part of professors; on the other hand, the implementation of these new technologies requires the redesign of the knowledge transfer processes to meet the requirements of web connection and the quality of teaching materials which are shared with many students at the same time.
Indigenous Knowledge Management and Humanitarian Supply Chain for Disaster Mitigation and Sustainable Development in the Eco Communities of India
Authors: Bhushan Sanjay , Mani Saurabh
Published: January 2021

The shift in focus from hazards to underlying vulnerabilities has provided disaster managers with a richer understanding of the factors that erode the coping capacities of communities and social systems. This chapter presents ideas such as a globally shared digital platform developed as a functional web-portal branded—A.A.D.I.GYAN—augmenting action for disaster management through indigenous knowledge-gyan. Humanitarian supply chain (HSC), on the other hand, plays a central role to any developmental program meant for sustainable capacity building in the eco-communities. The chapter also highlights that HSC and community-based IK resource management can collectively promote more resilient communities promoting social, economic, and environmental equity and ethical imperatives. Towards this end, system dynamics modeling and simulation can be invoked to capture and simulate the causal dynamics of the inter linkages prevailing within the system and suggest some critical intervention strategies for policymakers.
The Challenges of Accessible Tourism Information Systems for Tourists With Vision Impairment
Authors: Richards Vicky , Matthews Nic , Williams Owen J. , Khan Ziad
Published: January 2021

Developments in accessible tourism and the provision of information and communication technologies (ICT), mobile, and assistive technologies have arguably not resulted in equitable opportunities for vision-impaired people. This chapter outlines accessible information needs of vision impaired tourists, drawing upon a small-scale project of nine telephone interviews conducted by Wales Council of the Blind. It considers user experiences in the context of ICT to help vision impaired tourists navigate information systems such as travel apps, social media, and websites, assessing how these technologies meet user needs. Interviews focused on information provision, pre-planning and travel stages of the tourism system, and the challenges for universal design. Designers and tourism providers have roles as facilitators of accessible tourism, enabling vision-impaired tourists to feel included in experiences. This requires collaboration across the tourism ecosystem from digital developers and marketers alongside disabled people as active stakeholders.
CALL in Service-Learning
Authors: Cervantes Seth E. , Chow Kerry , Otsuji Sumino
Published: January 2021

Results from second language acquisition (SLA) research have shown that an L2 is best acquired when learners have opportunities to use L2 grammar and vocabulary in a manner that is meaningful and relevant to their lived lives. One promising approach to L2 instruction that appears to achieve this end is service-learning. As service-learning is an emerging field of study, there is a need for descriptions on how CALL-based technology can be implemented and evaluated in a service-learning classroom. The first part of this chapter describes service-learning and how CALL-based technology is used to achieve service and learning objectives and TESOL CALL standards. The second part of this chapter describes five CALL-based activities used by service-learning instructors to help their students meaningfully engage with each other and the content. The third part concludes the chapter by offering advice on how teachers could effectively implement CALL-based technology in service-learning classes.
English for Specific Purposes in the Digital Age
Authors: Mihăeş Lorena Clara
Published: January 2021

The information revolution has enhanced the role of English as the lingua franca of global communication and has dramatically increased the demand for academic English courses which focus on discipline-specific knowledge. The present chapter examines the current state of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) course at the University of Bucharest, Romania. Against the wider background provided by language education policies and digital initiatives within the European Union, the chapter presents how technology-integrated teaching methods have begun to shape both the content and the delivery format of the specialised English class and to renew the task-based framework on which the course is developed. If, not long ago, the traditional assessment was considered the only reliable way of testing students' knowledge, the initially forced adoption of e-assessment following the global health crisis has shown that it can be an efficient tool, covering a relevant evaluation of both receptive and productive skills.
International Students' Learning of EAP and Affordances in Online Learning Environments
Authors: Meri-Yilan Serpil
Published: January 2021

The increase in implementing online learning tools in learning environments has highlighted the importance of their integration into language learning, especially English for academic purposes (EAP). As EAP students are mostly international people in higher education (HE), HE institutions (HEI) have intended to leverage digital technology for better teaching and learning of EAP. Therefore, the present chapter has intended to look at international students' learning in the EAP Toolkit and blogging for EAP, and the improvement of self-directed online learning. Data from qualitative and quantitative research methods indicate that online learning can promote EAP students' learning as long as they are supported in a well-designed online learning environment in which features such as affordances and components of self-directed online learning are considered to embed.
Creation of Value-Added Services by Retrieving Information From Linked and Open Data Portals
Authors: Sarasa-Cabezuelo Antonio
Published: January 2021

In recent decades, different initiatives have emerged in public and private institutions with the aim of offering free access to the data generated in their activity to anyone. In particular, there are two types of initiatives: open data portals and linked data portals. Open data portals are characterized in that it offers access to its content in the form of a REST-type web services API that acts as a query language. On the other hand, linked data portals are characterized in that its data is represented using ontologies encoded by RDF triplets of the subject-predicate-object style forming a knowledge graph. This chapter presents a set of value-added service creation cases using the information stored in open data and linked data repositories. The objective is to show the possibilities offered by the exploitation of these repositories in various fields such as education, tourism, or services such as the search for taxis at an airport.
Setting the Stage for Success in an Online Learning Environment
Authors: Orlando Maria , Howard Linda
Published: January 2021

Online learning in higher education has become increasingly popular because of the convenience and flexibility that it provides. Self-regulated learning, which requires students to plan, monitor, and assess their own learning, has been recognized as a key predictor of academic achievement and motivation in student learning. Few students, however, naturally do this. In order to guide students to become self-regulated learners and for these experiences to be successful for both the students and the instructor, instructors should use pedagogical strategies that differ slightly from those they have used in traditional classrooms. The purpose of this chapter is two-fold: to identify some of the challenges presented to students in an online learning environment and to give an overview of some possible solutions that an instructor can implement in order to address those challenges and give students tools to help them to become self-regulated learners.
MOOCs Evolution and Perceptions of Library and Information Science Professionals
Authors: Kaushik Anna
Published: January 2021

This chapter provides the genesis of the massive open online courses (MOOCs) concept and perceptions of library and information science professionals towards the evolution of MOOCs in libraries and the information science domain by using a survey. The results of this study revealed that a majority of library and information science professionals who participated in this survey were working in academic libraries and aware of the MOOCs concept from three years, by scholarly literature. The MOOCs concept was updated and useful in libraries and the information science domain, while a lack of MOOCs related specific to competencies and skills emerged as the main barrier. This survey also showed that the concept of MOOCs will continue to grow in the future. This chapter will be helpful to understand the concept of MOOCs and the insights of library and information science professionals in the MOOCs context.
Models for Implementing Effective Online Learning
Authors: Frazier Laura Corbin , Palmer Barbara Martin
Published: January 2021

This chapter provides a description of five models for professional development (PD) for online instruction and analyzes each model according to domains of effective online instruction (i.e., faculty stance, student self-regulation, faculty support, authentic practice, engagement, community development, and cognitive demand). Additionally, a decision model is provided for K-12 and university administrators, teacher educators, and policymakers to guide strategic decision making in the determination of a model for PD best suited to the needs and resources of their institution.
A Collaborative Active Learning Model as a Vehicle for Online Team Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Han Soo Jeoung , Lim Doo Hun , Jung Eulho
Published: January 2021

As more higher education faculty use team-based assignments in online courses across a wide range of university disciplines, research on team learning as one of the pedagogical approaches in higher education has become more relevant. The authors reviewed active learning as a type of instructional method for team members' satisfaction and active engagement in their learning processes. Therefore, this chapter explores team learning as an effective online learning model that also facilitates effective use of learning management systems (LMS). Additionally, the chapter examines essential strategies to work and learn as a successful team in an online setting. With the intent of supporting faculty and practitioners of higher education who adopt an online team learning method, the authors propose an active learning model for online team learning and specific guidelines to utilize the model.