bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial activity of ZnO-Ag-MWCNTs nanocomposites prepared by a simple impregnation–calcination method
Authors: Al-Gaashani Rashad , Pasha Mujaheed , Jabbar Khadeeja Abdul , Shetty Akshath R. , Baqiah Hussein , Mansour Said , Kochkodan Viktor , Lawler Jenny
Published: December 2023

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods and ZnO nanostructures composited with silver (Ag) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been synthesized by a simple impregnation–calcination method and have been shown to be suitable for use as antimicrobial agents. The preparation method used for composite materials is very simple, time-effective, and can be used for large-scale production. Several analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), have been used to characterize the prepared ZnO-Ag-MWCNT composite materials. The effects on structural, morphological, and antimicrobial properties of (ZnO)100-x (Ag)x nanocomposites at various weight ratios (x = 0, 5, 10, 30, and 50 wt%) have been investigated. The antimicrobial properties of ZnO composited with Ag nanoparticles and MWCNTs towards both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria species were studied. The effect of raw MWCNTs and MWCNTs composited with ZnO and Ag on the cell morphology and chemical composition of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) was studied by SEM and EDS, respectively. It was found that composite materials made of ZnO-Ag-MWCNTs exhibit greater antibacterial activities toward the microorganisms E. coli and S. aureus than ZnO-Ag, which could be beneficial for efficient antimicrobial agents in water and air treatment applications.
Establishment and characterization of matched immortalized human frontal and occipital scalp dermal papilla cell lines from androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Kwack Mi Hee , Hamida Ons Ben , Kim Min Kyu , Kim Moon Kyu , Sung Young Kwan
Published: December 2023

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), also known as male pattern baldness, is a common hair loss condition influenced by genetic and hormonal factors. Variations in gene expression and androgen responsiveness have been observed between the frontal and occipital regions of AGA patients. However, obtaining and cultivating frontal hair follicles is challenging. Therefore, no matched frontal and occipital dermal papilla (DP) cell lines have been reported yet. This study aimed to establish matched immortalized human frontal and occipital scalp DP cell lines from AGA patients. Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40T-Ag) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) were introduced into primary human DP cells. The obtained cell lines were characterized by assessing their gene expression patterns, androgen receptor (AR) levels, and the presence of 5-alpha reductase (5αR). Additionally, we examined their response to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and evaluated cell viability. The conditioned medium from the frontal DP cell line inhibited human hair follicle growth, leading to reduced keratinocyte proliferation and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, when the cells were cultured in a 3D environment mimicking in vivo conditions, the 3D cultured frontal DP cell line exhibited weaker sphere aggregation than the occipital DP cell line due to the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), MMP3, and MMP9. Additionally, the expression of DP signature genes was inhibited in the 3D cultured frontal DP cell line. These matched frontal and occipital DP cell lines hold significant potential as valuable resources for research on hair loss. Their establishment allows us to investigate the differences between frontal and occipital DP cells, contributing to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying AGA. Furthermore, these cell lines may be valuable for developing targeted therapeutic approaches for hair loss conditions.
Sporopollenin exine capsules modulate the function of microglial cells
Authors: Li Mengwei , Hu Banglian , Wu Zhaojie , Wang Ziwei , Weng Jian , Zheng Honghua , Sun Liping
Published: December 2023

Sporopollenin exine capsules can regulate the viability, migration, and phagocytosis of microglia without pro-inflammation and protect microglia against LPS-induced inflammation through the TLR4 signaling pathway.
Unravelling the band splitting origin in bulk and 2D distorted α-CsPbI3 perovskite
Authors: Nazari Safieh , Dezashibi Fatemeh Mohammad , Bidmeshki Nadia Babaei
Published: December 2023

Spin band splitting engineering of halide perovskites' role in controlling the recombination rate of charge carriers.
Complex oiling-out behavior of procaine with stable and metastable liquid phases
Authors: Yang Da Hye , Ricci Francesco , Nordstrom Fredrik L. , Li Na
Published: December 2023

Stable and metastable liquid–liquid phase separation.
Interstitial or interstitialcy: effect of the cation size on the migration mechanism in NaSICON materials
Authors: Schuett Judith , Schillings Johanna , Neitzel-Grieshammer Steffen
Published: December 2023

The migration mechanism and energy barrier in NaSICON materials is investigated for a broad range of compositions using DFT.
Emergent ultrasmall multiferroics in paraelectric perovskite oxide by hole polarons
Authors: Xu Tao , Mori Masataka , Hirakata Hiroyuki , Kitamura Takayuki , Shimada Takahiro
Published: December 2023

Atomic-scale multiferroic elements with high mobility in nonmagnetic paraelectric CaTiO3via the interaction of oxygen octahedral rotation and hole polarons.
One-pot three-component synthesis of α-methylated ketones from secondary and primary aryl alcohols
Authors: Samser Shaikh , Biswal Priyabrata , Mohapatra Omkar , Pullarat Sanu Siyad , Meher Sushanta Kumar , Venkatasubbaiah Krishnan
Published: December 2023

One-pot synthesis of α-methylated ketones from secondary and primary alcohols via a triple dehydrogenative method is presented.
Ni/NiO@NC as a highly efficient and durable HER electrocatalyst derived from nickel(ii) complexes: importance of polydentate amino-acid ligands
Authors: Yang Xu , Liu Mengxue , Cui Fang , Ma Qinghai , Cui Tieyu
Published: December 2023

Research on Ni/NiO electrocatalysts has advanced significantly, but the main obstacles to their use and commercialization remain their relatively ordinary activity and stability.
Development and evaluation of polyacrylamide microspheres loaded with phloretin and tantalum for transcatheter arterial embolization
Authors: Li Liang , Wang Mao Qiang , Duan Feng , Zhang Jin Long , Yuan Bing , Cui Bao , Zhang Heng , Yan Jie Yu
Published: December 2023

SEM results showed that polyacrylamide microspheres (PM) possess a significant porous structure. Following drug loading, the pores were filled with the drug. DSA results show that the X-ray opacity of PMs increases with increasing concentrations of nanosized tantalum powder.
In silico description of the adsorption of cell signaling pathway proteins ovalbumin, glutathione, LC3, TLR4, ASC PYCARD, PI3K and NF-Kβ on 7.0 nm gold nanoparticles: obtaining their Lennard-Jones-like potentials through docking and molecular mechanics
Authors: Coelho Monique M. , Bezerra Eveline M. , da Costa Roner F. , de Alvarenga Érika C. , Freire Valder N. , Carvalho Cláudia R. , Pessoa Claudia , Albuquerque Eudenilson L. , Costa Raquel A.
Published: December 2023

Classical interaction energies as a function of the distance between the AuNP and proteins have Lennard-Jones-like potentials.
Improved catalytic performance in gas-phase dimethyl ether carbonylation over facile NH4F etched ferrierite
Authors: Zhang Dexin , Li Kang , Chen Junli , Sun Changyu , Li Zhi , Lei Jie , Ma Qinlan , Zhang Pan , Liu Yong , Yang Lin
Published: December 2023

Moderate NH4F etched ferrierite improves its catalytic performance in gas-phase dimethyl ether carbonylation.
Bio-guided isolation of alpha-glucosidase inhibitory compounds from Vietnamese liverwort Marchantia polymorpha: in vitro and in silico studies
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Khanh Van , Tran Ho-Duc-Trung , Duong Thuc-Huy , Pham Nguyen Kim Tuyen , Nguyen Thi Quynh Trang , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Thao , Chavasiri Warinthorn , Nguyen Ngoc-Hong , Nguyen Huu Tri
Published: December 2023

Bio-guided isolation was applied to Vietnamese Marchantia polymorpha L. to find alpha-glucosidase inhibition.
Analyzing synthesis routes for BaCuPO4: implications for hydrogen evolution and supercapattery performance
Authors: Ali Sarfraz , Hassan Haseebul , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Afzal Amir Muhammad , Amin Mohammed A. , Alhadrami A. , Alqarni Nawal D. , Umar Ehtisham
Published: December 2023

In recent years, energy storage and conversion tools have evolved significantly in response to rising energy demands.
Shape memory hydrogels with remodelable permanent shapes and programmable cold-induced shape recovery behavior
Authors: Wu Xinjun , Guan Xin , Chen Shushu , Jia Jiangpeng , Chen Chongyi , Zhang Jiawei , Zhao Chuanzhuang
Published: December 2023

A self-healing hydrogel that can be stiffened with heat was designed. The synergy of self-healing and thermal hardening properties generated several interesting functions, such as programmable shape memory, impact protection and recyclability.
Engineering 3D-printed carbon structures with atomic layer deposition coatings as photoelectrocatalysts for water splitting
Authors: Ng Siowwoon , Sanna Michela , Redondo Edurne , Pumera Martin
Published: December 2023

3D-printed carbon structures are lightweight, conductive, and durable in harsh conditions. A straightforward surface treatment allows for functional ALD coatings, enhancing light-driven hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions.
Photoluminescence and structural phase transition relationship in Er-doped BaTiO3 model ferroelectric system
Authors: Zou Jingye , Hao Shenglan , Gemeiner Pascale , Guiblin Nicolas , Ibder Omar , Dkhil Brahim , Paillard Charles
Published: December 2023

Temperature-dependent PL spectra of Er-BTO under 488 nm laser excitation. The green, blue, and red zones represent the three-phase transitions from R to O, O to T, and T to C, respectively.
Interplay between oxygen vacancies and cation ordering in the NiFe2O4 spinel ferrite
Authors: Arras Rémi , Sharma Kedar , Calmels Lionel
Published: December 2023

First-principles calculations have been performed to study the interplay between cation disorder and oxygen vacancies in the spinel ferrite NiFe2O4, a ferrimagnetic oxide, highly promising for spintronic applications.
Low-temperature processed additive-incorporated CsPbIBr2-based inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Ghosh Tuhin , Pradhan Debabrata
Published: December 2023

A solvent-free synthesis approach of highly crystalline CsPbIBr2 is demonstrated at 110 °C. An additive incorporation, i.e., MACl to CsPbIBr2 modulates the in-built lattice strain from compressive to tensile leading to enhanced overall solar device performance.
β-Arrestin pathway activation by selective ATR1 agonism promotes calcium influx in podocytes, leading to glomerular damage
Authors: Semenikhina Marharyta , Fedoriuk Mykhailo , Stefanenko Mariia , Klemens Christine A. , Cherezova Alena , Marshall Brendan , Hall Gentzon , Levchenko Vladislav , Solanki Ashish K. , Lipschutz Joshua H. , Ilatovskaya Daria V. , Staruschenko Alexander , Palygin Oleg
Published: December 2023

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the first-line treatment for hypertension; they act by inhibiting signaling through the angiotensin 1 receptor (AT1R). Recently, a novel biased AT1R agonist, TRV120027 (TRV), which selectively activates the β-arrestin cascade and blocks the G-protein-coupled receptor pathway has been proposed as a potential blood pressure medication. Here, we explored the effects of TRV and associated β-arrestin signaling in podocytes, essential cells of the kidney filter. We used human podocyte cell lines to determine β-arrestin’s involvement in calcium signaling and cytoskeletal reorganization and Dahl SS rats to investigate the chronic effects of TRV administration on glomerular health. Our experiments indicate that the TRV-activated β-arrestin pathway promotes the rapid elevation of intracellular Ca2+ in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the amplitude of β-arrestin-mediated Ca2+ influx was significantly higher than the response to similar Ang II concentrations. Single-channel analyses show rapid activation of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels following acute TRV application. Furthermore, the pharmacological blockade of TRPC6 significantly attenuated the β-arrestin-mediated Ca2+ influx. Additionally, prolonged activation of the β-arrestin pathway in podocytes resulted in pathological actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, higher apoptotic cell markers, and augmented glomerular damage. TRV-activated β-arrestin signaling in podocytes may promote TRPC6 channel-mediated Ca2+ influx, foot process effacement, and apoptosis, possibly leading to severe defects in glomerular filtration barrier integrity and kidney health. Under these circumstances, the potential therapeutic application of TRV for hypertension treatment requires further investigation to assess the balance of the benefits versus possible deleterious effects and off-target damage.
An Exploration of the Nature of Vocabulary Change Following Language and Literacy Together Intervention
Authors: Bedore Lisa M. , Peña Elizabeth D. , Shivabasappa Prarthana , Perez Cecilia , Vargas Alejandro Granados , Leachman Molly , Wang Jiali
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

This exploratory study evaluates how bilingual first graders' vocabulary use in narrative changed after a Spanish-language intervention that focuses on connection between language and literacy.

Method:

Ten Spanish–English bilingual first graders produced three English and three Spanish narratives based on the Test of Narrative Language protocol pre- and postintervention. All samples were transcribed. Based on comprehensive word inventories, all words produced by the children were identified as being core words; Tiers 1, 2, and 3 words; and/or cognates in both languages. We also coded all utterances for use of internal state terms (ISTs). We evaluated total and unique production of these kinds of words.

Results:

Postintervention children increased their total number of cognates and ISTs across languages. They also increased the unique core words, Tier 1 words, and cognates postintervention. They also used more of each of these kinds of words in Spanish—the language of intervention—than in English.

Conclusions:

Children make qualitative changes to their vocabulary postintervention. There is greater change in the use of core words and Tier 1 words in Spanish. These increases in productivity and variability were indicated by the number of unique words added to the children's repertoires in ways that supported narrative production.
Assessment in Farsi–English Emerging Bilingual Children: A Tutorial
Authors: Namazi Mahchid , Salehomoum Maryam
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

Emerging bilingual children represent a diverse population with regard to their language learning histories and individual factors. When assessing a bilingual child, it is important to accurately differentiate typical second-language learning characteristics from differences that indicate a disorder. The Iranian scholarly and clinical communities have established essential linguistic norms and identified linguistic and nonlinguistic indicators of speech and language disorder in Farsi-speaking children. The community has also developed assessment tools that are useful when evaluating the language skills of bilingual Farsi-English–speaking children.

Method:

We present some relevant characteristics of the Farsi-speaking community and summarize the literature related to linguistic norms and the characteristics of the Farsi language, particularly related to the phonological and morphosyntactic structure of Farsi. To illustrate the diversity in bilingual children's profiles and the need for individualized assessment, we present two case studies of sequential emerging Farsi–English bilingual children.

Results:

We present the children's assessment results and report clinical indicators of a language disorder. The case examples are used to highlight several recommendations for conducting individualized and culturally sensitive assessments.

Conclusions:

This tutorial highlights the need for a comprehensive and individualized assessment of a bilingual child. Specific assessment tools and procedures are outlined to support clinicians in completing accurate and sensitive evaluations of Farsi–English bilingual children.
Learning the geometry of short‐circuit faults in power systems for real‐time fault detection and classification
Authors: Naranjo Cuéllar Juan Pablo , Ramos López Gustavo , Giraldo Trujillo Luis Felipe
Published: December 2023

Given the short time intervals in which short‐circuit faults occur in a power system, a certain time delay between the moment of a fault's inception in the system to the moment in which the fault is actually detected is introduced. In this small time margin, the high amplitudes of the fault current can deal significant damage to the power system. A technique to characterise different types of short circuit faults in a power system for real‐time detection, namely AB, BC, CA, ABC, AG, BG and CG faults (and normal operation), is presented based on the geometry of the curve generated by the Clarke transform of the three‐phase voltages of the power system. The process was conducted in real time using the HIL402 system and a Raspberry Pi 3, and all programming done in the Python programming language. It was concluded that the tested types of faults can be accurately characterised using the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix that characterises an ellipse associated with each fault: eigenvalues can be used to determine the fault inception distance and eigenvectors can be used to determine the type of fault that occurred. Next, the design of a machine learning model was done based on the previously mentioned characterisation technique. The model was embedded into a Raspberry Pi 3, thus enabling fault detection and classification in a base power system in real time. Finally, the accuracy of the model was tested under different measurement conditions, yielding satisfactory results for a selected set of conditions and overcoming the shortcomings presented in the current research, which do not perform detection and classification in real time.
Deep learning‐based time delay estimation for motion compensation in synthetic aperture sonars
Authors: Chen Shiping , Chi Cheng , Zhang Pengfei , Wang Peng , Liu Jiyuan , Huang Haining
Published: December 2023

Accurate and robust time delay estimation is crucial for synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) imaging. A two‐step time delay estimation method based on displaced phase centre antenna (DPCA) micronavigation has been widely applied in motion estimation and compensation of SASs. However, the existing methods for time delay estimation are not sufficiently robust, which reduces the performance of SAS motion estimation. Deep learning is currently one of the cutting‐edge techniques and has brought about a remarkable progress in the field of underwater acoustic signal processing. In this study, a deep learning‐based time delay estimation method is introduced to SAS motion estimation and compensation. The subband processing is first applied to obtain ambiguous time delays between adjacent pings from phases of SAS echoes. Then, a lightweight neural network is utilised to construct phase unwrapping. The model of the employed neural network is trained with simulation data and applied to real SAS data. The results of time delay estimation and motion compensation demonstrate that the proposed neural network‐based method has much better performance than the two‐step and joint‐subband methods.
Den Alltag im Fokus – ausgewählte Assessments im
Überblick
Authors: Kranz Florence , de Freitas Claudia Merklein
Published: December 2023

Aktuelle Entwicklungen im Reha-Recht und zahlreiche wissenschaftliche Belege
zeigen, dass Alltags- und Teilhabeorientierung längst in neurologischen
Settings angekommen sind. Somit sollten Therapeut*innen in der
Diagnostikphase relevante Informationen über die
Alltagsbetätigungen ihrer Klient*innen ermitteln und als
Grundlage für die Therapieplanung nutzen. Der Artikel gibt einen
Überblick über ausgewählte ergotherapeutische und
interdisziplinäre Assessments, die hierfür zur Verfügung
stehen.
Präzisionsrehabilitation im Neuroreha-Alltag
Authors: Bannwart Mathias
Published: December 2023

Was ist Präzisionsneurorehabilitation und weshalb ist es seit einigen
Jahren ein so häufiges Schlagwort? Welche Assessments und
personalisierte Trainings sind im Klinikalltag möglich? Dieser Artikel
geht diesen Fragen mit Beispielen aus dem Alltag der Neurorehabilitationsklinik
Cereneo nach.
Energetische Heilkunst
Authors: Schindler Ellen
Published: December 2023

Es gibt immer mehr Tierarztpraxen, die ausschließlich oder
ergänzend zur schulmedizinischen Behandlung energetisch basierte
Therapien anwenden. Und es gibt immer mehr Patientenbesitzer, die danach fragen.
Da viele schulmedizinische Medikamente wie Antibiotika und Hormone in der
biologischen Tierhaltung nicht verabreicht werden dürfen, gewinnen die
alternativen Therapien auch in der Großtierpraxis an Bedeutung.
Genetische Ursachen der Adipositas und ihre therapeutischen
Implikationen
Authors: Rajcsanyi Luisa Sophie , Schmidt Jasmin , Düerkop Sieglinde , Grote Lola , Peters Triinu , Körner Antje , Fischer-Posovszky Pamela , Hinney Anke
Published: December 2023

Adipositas ist eine komplexe Störung, die von Umweltfaktoren und
genetischen Varianten beeinflusst wird. Basierend auf den genetischen Grundlagen
wird zwischen zwei Formen der Adipositas unterschieden. Die monogene (und
syndromale) Adipositas ist selten und wird von Mutationen in jeweils einem Gen
bedingt. Zur Manifestation einer extremen Adipositas mit Hyperphagie kommt es
bereits in den ersten Lebensjahren. Abhängig vom betroffenen Gen
können zudem weitere phänotypische Ausprägungen
hinzukommen. Die polygene Adipositas dagegen ist weitaus häufiger.
Ursächlich für diese Form ist eine Vielzahl von genetischen
Varianten, die jeweils einen geringen, aber additiven Effekt auf das
Körpergewicht haben. Frühzeitige genetische Diagnostik kann die
vorliegende Form der Adipositas identifizieren und die Wahl einer geeigneten
Therapieoption, ob Lebensstilintervention, bariatrische Chirurgie oder
pharmakologische Behandlung, unterstützen. Wir stellen aktuelle
Erkenntnisse der Forschung über die genetischen Ursachen der Adipositas
dar. Zudem werden therapeutische und diagnostische Optionen, die teils auf
genetischen Befunden basieren, beleuchtet.
Phytotherapeutische Optionen zur Behandlung von akuten
Harnwegsinfekten und interstitieller Zystitis
Authors: Utz Sandra , Klose Petra , Langhorst Jost
Published: December 2023

Harnwegsinfektionen gehören zu den häufigsten bakteriellen
Infektionen beim Menschen, wobei die unkomplizierte Zystitis die
häufigste Form ist. Studien haben gezeigt, dass die
Durchspülungstherapie mit Wasser und pflanzlichen
Durchspülungsmitteln wie Birkenblätter, Brennnesselkraut,
Hauhechelwurzel, Katzenbart, Schachtelhalmkraut,
Bärentraubenblätter, Goldrutenkraut, Spargelwurzelstock,
Cranberries und Wacholderbeeren effektiv zur Reduktion von rezidivierenden
Harnwegsinfektionen beitragen kann. Die steigende Antibiotika-Resistenz hat dazu
geführt, dass Phytopharmaka als mögliche Alternative betrachtet
werden. Pflanzen enthalten sekundäre Inhaltsstoffe mit antibakterieller
Wirkung, die auf verschiedenen Ebenen auf mikrobielle Erreger einwirken
können. Phytopharmaka können als Antiinfektiva mit einer breiten
Wirkung und als Adjuvantien zur Verbesserung der antibiotischen Therapie
eingesetzt werden.

Bei interstitieller Zystitis (IC), einer nichtinfektiösen chronischen
Erkrankung der Harnblase, sind die Ursachen vielfältig und die
Behandlung ist häufig komplex. Eine mögliche Verbindung zur
Histaminintoleranz wird diskutiert, da viele histaminhaltige Nahrungsmittel
Symptome der IC auslösen können. Die Phytotherapie, insbesondere
mit Kräutern wie Rosmarin, Tausendgüldenkraut,
Liebstöckel, Hauhechelwurzel, Orthosiphonblätter und
Goldrutenkraut, die histaminreduzierende oder -stabilisierende Eigenschaften
haben, könnte eine vielversprechende Option sein. Es gibt jedoch noch
keine formellen Studien zur Phytotherapie bei IC. Zusammenfassend lässt
sich sagen, dass die Phytotherapie bei Harnwegsinfektionen,
einschließlich IC, vielversprechende Ansätze bietet. Weitere
klinische Studien sind jedoch erforderlich, um die Wirksamkeit und Akzeptanz in
der medizinischen Praxis zu bestätigen und möglicherweise in
zukünftige Leitlinien aufzunehmen.
Total Synthesis of Lucidumone: Attempted Shortcuts, Dead Ends and Lessons Learnt
Authors: de la Torre Aurélien , Huang Guangho , Laporte Amaury , Pagès Lucas , Kouklovsky Cyrille
Published: December 2023

Lucidumone is a meroterpenoid isolated from the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum, displaying selective COX-2 inhibitory activity. In this work, we detail our synthetic efforts which led to the first enantioselective synthesis of lucidumone in 13 steps (longest linear sequence). Beyond the key retro-[4+2]/intramolecular Diels–Alder cascade, we discuss the difficulties regarding fragment assembly, introduction of the methyl ketone moiety and choice of adequate protecting group.
Familial MEN1 Syndrome Diagnosed on Functional Imaging: A Case Report with Clinical and Genetic Correlation
Authors: Kalshetty Ashwini , Chalikandy Ashwini
Published: December 2023

Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1 (MEN1) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by tumors involving parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreas. The diagnosis is mostly clinical and by the presence of MEN1 gene mutation. We present a case with initial presentation of neuroendocrine tumor of pancreas whose ancillary findings on 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography-computed tomography helped in raising suspicion of MEN1, which was confirmed on genetic testing and family history. We emphasize the importance of using gestalt approach in such cases to avoid misdiagnosis or delay. Additionally, we describe the clinical profile of affected family members with their MEN1 gene mutation status, highlighting the gestalt approach again to uncover the unknowns.
Complications and Outcome of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease in Small Dogs Treated with Tiny TTA Rapid
Authors: Entoft Jessica , Skytte Ditte , Schmökel Hugo , Dyall Barbara
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the complications and the long-term outcome of TTA Tiny in small dogs using data from pressure-sensitive walkway analysis and the Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD) questionnaire. This is a retrospective study. Dogs under 15 kg were included. Breed, weight, gender, age, and lameness were recorded. Clinical examination, radiographs, and pressure-sensitive walkway analysis were performed during the long-term follow-up visit. Radiographs were assessed for the postoperative patellar tendon angle (PTA), bone healing, and implant position, and the postoperative complications were recorded. Twenty-nine stifles were included. One dog (3%) had an intraoperative major complication and 14 (48%) had minor complications. Medium- to long-term follow-up was available in 20 of the 23 dogs (87%). Eight (40%) dogs were followed up by telephone using the LOAD questionnaire and 12 dogs (60%) came back for a long-term follow-up appointment. The average LOAD score was 3.6 and the average lameness score was 0. All the dogs presented at a clinical follow-up were considered lame free. All the owners were pleased with the long-term result after surgery based on the LOAD score and the return to normal activity. The result from this study showed low rate of perioperative complications with the use of the TTA Tiny implant in small dogs and a good long-term outcome based on client questionnaire and the result from pressure-sensitive walkway analysis.
Early Childhood Caries, Masticatory Function, Child Early Cognitive, and Psychomotor Development: A Narrative Review
Authors: Bramantoro Taufan , Mardiyantoro Fredy , Irmalia Wahyuning Ratih , Kristanti Risma Aprinda , Nugraha Alexander Patera , Noor Tengku Eleena Binti Tengku Ahmad , Fauzi Asra Al , Tedjosasongko Udijanto
Published: December 2023

Dental caries is known as a global public health issue that has been affecting general health apart from its painful nature. Hence, it is undeniable that caries affecting young children or known as early childhood caries, also have an effect on children's general health. One of the interesting findings about caries is that it can also affect child growth and development, specifically on their cognitive and psychomotor ability. Untreated caries are linked to cognitive development through both neural and vascular pathways, with masticatory function as the key. Meanwhile, its effect on psychomotor development might be related to nutritional intake, which might slightly decline on those with caries. This review is aimed to describe the current findings of caries effect on early child development, from masticatory disturbance to further impacts on cognitive and psychomotor development. The overall conclusion of this review is that untreated severe caries in children are potentially associated negatively with their growth and development.
Technical Success, Midterm Primary Patency, and Factors Affecting Primary Patency of Subintimal Angioplasty Followed by Vasculomimetic Stenting for Trans-Atlantic Intersociety Consensus II C and D Femoropopliteal Arterial Disease—A Prospective Study
Authors: Joseph Ansan , Valakkada Jineesh , Ayappan Anoop , Kannath Santhosh , Shivanesan Pitchai
Published: December 2023

Background The best option among the endovascular options in long, complex femoropopliteal (FP) lesions, and factors affecting the patency have yet to be well described. There are few studies describing the mid- and long-term patency of endovascular stents in long-segment FP occlusions.

Aim This study aimed to determine the technical success and mid-term patency of subintimal angioplasty with vasculomimetic stenting in Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II (TASC) C and D FP disease. The patient and imaging factors that affect primary patency were also analyzed.

Methods and Materials A single-center prospective study was performed on 52 consecutive patients undergoing endovascular treatment for TASC C and D FP disease from 2017 to 2021. Angioplasty with stenting was performed in all patients and followed up for 36 months. Endpoints were primary patency rates and amputation-free survival of the limb. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to see patency rates and amputation-free survival rates.

Results A total of 52 patients underwent stenting with a technical success rate of 100% if the sub-intimal arterial flossing with antegrade-retrograde intervention (SAFARI) technique was used. Primary stent patency at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months was 89.8, 81.4, 76.2, 71.4, and 62.5%, respectively. Amputation-free survival was 98, 95.6, 91.8, and 85.7% at 12, 24, 30, and 36 months, respectively. Cox proportional regression analysis showed smoking and vessel wall calcium score more than 270 degrees as independent predictors of loss of primary patency (hazard ratio 0.35 confidence interval [CI]: 0.003–0.448) and 0.102 (CI: 0.022–0.47), respectively.

Conclusion Subintimal angioplasty with vasculomimetic stent has good midterm patency in and amputation-free survival in long-segment FP occlusions. Smoking and severe vessel wall calcification adversely affect patency.
Cellular Components Contributing to the Development of Venous Thrombosis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Willems Ruth Anne Laura , Biesmans Charlotte , Campello Elena , Simioni Paolo , de Laat Bas , de Vos-Geelen Judith , Roest Mark , ten Cate Hugo
Published: December 2023

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive type of cancer and has a poor prognosis. Patients with PDAC are at high risk of developing thromboembolic events, which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality following cancer progression. Plasma-derived coagulation is the most studied process in cancer-associated thrombosis. Other blood components, such as platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells, have been gaining less attention. This narrative review addresses the literature on the role of cellular components in the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with PDAC. Blood cells seem to play an important role in the development of VTE. Altered blood cell counts, i.e., leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and anemia, have been found to associate with VTE risk. Tumor-related activation of leukocytes leads to the release of tissue factor-expressing microvesicles and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, initiating coagulation and forming a scaffold for thrombi. Tissue factor-expressing microvesicles are also thought to be released by PDAC cells. PDAC cells have been shown to stimulate platelet activation and aggregation, proposedly via the secretion of podoplanin and mucins. Hypofibrinolysis, partially explained by increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity, is observed in PDAC. In short, PDAC-associated hypercoagulability is a complex and multifactorial process. A better understanding of cellular contributions to hypercoagulability might lead to the improvement of diagnostic tests to identify PDAC patients at highest risk of VTE.
Digitale Sicherheit: Versicherung für Cyberangriffe: Absichern oder akzeptieren?
Authors: Gross Benedict , Guggenberger Sophia
Published: December 2023

Beim Abschluss einer Cybergefahren-Versicherung lockt die einfache Rechnung von Vorsorgekosten versus Versicherungskosten. Doch eine Police abzuschließen, bedeutet nicht automatisch, dass im Schadensfall auch tatsächlich gezahlt wird. Insbesondere im Cyberbereich sind die Absicherungsverpflichtungen umfangreich und lassen viel Raum für Interpretation. Krankenhäuser müssen daher besonders vorsichtig sein.
Digitale Optimierung der Versorgungsleistungen: Kluges Bettenmanagement denkt mit
Authors: Weise Holger
Published: December 2023

Wartung, Reinigung und Transport sind Bestandteil eines jeden Bettenmanagements, nicht der Sinn und Zweck. Ein kluges Management des Bettenbestands dreht sich vorrangig um ein Ziel: Wie erreiche ich mit geringstmöglichem Aufwand die größtmögliche Verfügbarkeit. Was ein gutes Bettenmanagement auszeichnet und worauf es hierbei ankommt.
Nonexistence of wave operators via strong propagation estimates for Schrödinger operators with sub-quadratic repulsive potentials
Authors: Ishida Atsuhide , Kawamoto Masaki
Published: December 2023

Sub-quadratic repulsive potentials accelerate quantum particles and can relax the decay rate in the x of the external potentials V that guarantee the existence of the quantum wave operators. In the case where the sub-quadratic potential is −|x|α with 0 < α < 2 and the external potential satisfies |V(x)| ≤ C(1 + |x|)−(1−α/2)−ɛ with ɛ > 0, Bony et al. [J. Math. Pures Appl. 84, 509–579 (2005)] determined the existence and completeness of the wave operators, and Itakura [J. Math. Phys. 62, 061504 (2021)] then obtained their results using stationary scattering theory for more generalized external potentials. Based on their results, we naturally expect the following. If the decay power of the external potential V is less than −(1 − α/2), V is included in the short-range class. If the decay power is greater than or equal to −(1 − α/2), V is included in the long-range class. In this study, we first prove the new propagation estimates for the time propagator that can be applied to scattering theory. Second, we prove that the wave operators do not exist if the power is greater than or equal to −(1 − α/2) and that the threshold expectation of −(1 − α/2) is true using the new propagation estimates.
Self-powered AlGaN-based MSM solar-blind ultraviolet photodetectors with high Al-content AlxGa1−xN/AlyGa1−yN asymmetrical heterostructure
Authors: Gu Yan , Guo Jiarui , Ye Bingjie , Yang Xifeng , Xie Feng , Qian Weiying , Zhang Xiangyang , Lu Naiyan , Liu Yushen , Yang Guofeng
Published: December 2023

An Al0.4Ga0.6N-based metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) ultraviolet (UV) photodetector (PD) based on intentionally asymmetrical polarized Al0.55Ga0.45N/Al0.4Ga0.6N/Al0.65Ga0.35N heterostructure has been fabricated and investigated, which achieves the self-powered capabilities. Operated at zero bias, the device presents an ultralow dark current of 7.8 × 10−13 A, a high peak responsivity of 0.04 A/W at ∼275 nm, a cut-off wavelength at ∼285 nm, and a corresponding detectivity of 3.1 × 1012 Jones. In comparison, the device with symmetrical heterostructure has no response at 0 V, confirming the effect of the proposed asymmetrical MSM structure. Furthermore, it is expressly demonstrated that the structure provides an asymmetrical energy band due to different barrier heights at the metal/Al0.4Ga0.6N and metal/Al0.55Ga0.45N/Al0.4Ga0.6N Schottky contacts and enhances the built-in electric field in the Al0.4Ga0.6N active layer owing to its polarization effect through simulations theoretically. Therefore, the improvement of photogenerated carrier transport can be obtained at 0 V, contributing to the high-performance self-powered UV PD.
Thermal conductivity switching for a Y–Mg alloy hydride thin film due to hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions using dilute H2 gas
Authors: Yamashita Yuichiro , Sugimoto Kosuke , Yagi Takashi , Kashiwagi Makoto , Takeya Satoshi , Oguchi Yuki , Taketoshi Naoyuki , Shigesato Yuzo
Published: December 2023

Thermal switching requires a significant contrast in thermal conductivity between the on and off states. We focus on thermal conductivity switching performance and mechanism for switchable mirror materials, which changes reversible metallic and semiconductor states due to hydrogenation and dehydrogenation. A thin film of yttrium–magnesium (Y–Mg) alloy hydride covered with a Pd catalyst layer was fabricated on quartz glass substrates by dc magnetron sputtering using a 60 at. % Y and 40 at. % Mg alloy target and a mixture of 50% Ar and 50% H2 gases. The crystal structure, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity in each state were measured using in situ x-ray diffraction analysis, Hall effect measurement, and thermoreflectance apparatus, respectively. The Y–Mg alloy hydride film was hydrogenated and dehydrogenated on exposure to a mixture of 3% H2 in N2 gas and air, respectively. The structural change in Y hydrides due to hydrogenation and dehydrogenation was clarified, whereas Mg or Mg hydride in the film showed no apparent crystallization. The thermal conductivity of the on-state was 4.5 times larger than that of the off-state. The thermal conductivity change from hydrogenated to dehydrogenated state was ∼5.4 W m−1 K−1, and ∼2.5 W m−1 K−1 of thermal conductivity change could be attributed to electron contribution based on the estimation using Wiedemann–Franz law. The thermal conductivity changes of Y–Mg alloy hydrides due to hydrogenation/dehydrogenation resulted from both electrons and phonons.
The generation of a fourth-harmonic probe and its application in Nomarski interferometry at Shengguang-II
Authors: Xu Guoxiao , Kang Ning , Cui Zijian , Liu Huiya , Lei Anle , Zhou Shenlei
Published: December 2023

In this work, a design for the generation of a 4ω (263-nm) probe converted from a 1ω (1053-nm) laser is presented. The design is based on a beta-barium borate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate two-step frequency-conversion process. A suitable configuration for Nomarski interferometry based on the 4ω probe is proposed, for measuring the electron density of laser-produced plasmas. The signal-to-noise ratio of the output 4ω probe to 1ω and 2ω light after frequency quadrupling and harmonic separation is 103 with a 0.5 GW/cm2 1ω input but decreases to ∼102 at intensities below 0.1 GW/cm2. Additional noise suppression by a factor of 104 is achieved using filters before the interferometer recording camera. The spatial resolution of the diagnostic can reach 5.2 µm for a 10% modulation transfer function. An experiment validating the probe diagnostic system is conducted at the Shengguang-II laser facility. A clear interferogram of an aluminum plasma is obtained with 0.1 GW/cm2 input, suggesting a maximal electron density of about 2.5 × 1020 cm−3 as retrieved through an inverse-Abel transform. The design proposed in this paper is appropriate for a small laser device or a large laser facility that lacks a separate diagnostic beam, and it is an inexpensive solution as it requires small-aperture 1ω input at a relatively low intensity. All the key parameters necessary to implement the design are provided in detail, making it straightforward to reproduce or transplant the system for specific uses.
UV–visible dual-band photodetector based on an all-inorganic Mn-doped CsPbCl3/GaN type-II heterojunction
Authors: Liu Hongxu , Ye Bingjie , Gu Yan , Liu Yushen , Yang Xifeng , Xie Feng , Zhang Xiumei , Qian Weiying , Zhang Xiangyang , Lu Naiyan , Yang Guofeng
Published: December 2023

The all-inorganic perovskite CsPbCl3 has attracted significant attention for its excellent carrier mobility and high optical absorption coefficient, demonstrating great potential for use as a high-performance photodetector. However, the severe toxicity of lead and its narrow-band response in the UV region pose a huge challenge to the application of the perovskite. In this study, we reduce the toxicity of CsPbCl3 by substituting Mn atoms for Pb atoms and introduce a wide-bandgap semiconductor p-GaN to improve the photoresponse of CsPbCl3 in the UV region. Mn-doped CsPbCl3/GaN heterojunction is prepared by transferring the synthesized Mn-doped CsPbCl3 precursor solution onto p-GaN substrates via the spin-coating method. The morphology and optical properties of the heterojunction are characterized in various ways, and the current–voltage characteristics and optical response properties of the Mn-doped CsPbCl3/GaN heterojunction photodetector are also measured. The rectification behavior and UV–visible dual-band response of the heterojunction are demonstrated, with the response in the UV region extending to 320 nm. Furthermore, the calculations, which are based on density functional theory, confirm that the optical absorption of the Mn-doped CsPbCl3/GaN heterojunction is significantly enhanced compared with that of the isolated material. Meanwhile, a type-II energy band arrangement is found at the heterojunction interface. The results of this study suggest that Mn-doped CsPbCl3/GaN heterojunctions are potential candidates for use as UV–visible dual-band photodetectors.
Numerical simulations of the dynamics of a deformable particle in a viscoelastic liquid subjected to Poiseuille flow in a cylindrical microcapillary at non-negligible inertia
Authors: Porcaro Carmine , Villone Massimiliano M.
Published: December 2023

The manipulation and control of particles in microfluidic devices through non-intrusive methods is pivotal in many application fields, e.g., cell focusing and sorting. Inertial microfluidics is rapidly gaining attention in the scientific community because of the considerable advantages in terms of throughput. In addition to inertia, other factors can trigger the cross-stream migration of particles in liquids undergoing pressure-driven channel flows, such as the deformability of the particles themselves and/or the viscoelasticity of the carrier fluid. For this reason, the dynamics of an initially spherical elastic particle suspended in a viscoelastic liquid subjected to pressure-driven flow in a cylindrical channel at non-negligible inertia is studied through three-dimensional arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian finite-element numerical simulations. The mechanical behavior of the particle is described through the neo-Hookean hyper-elastic constitutive equation, whereas the rheological behavior of the carrier liquid is described through the Giesekus model. The Reynolds number Re, measuring the relative importance of inertial and viscous forces in the tube, the elastic capillary number Cae, measuring the relative importance of liquid viscous stress and solid elastic stress, and the Deborah number De, measuring the ratio of the liquid relaxation time and the flow characteristic time, are varied. The particle migrates transversally to the flow direction until reaching a radial equilibrium position depending on Re, Cae, and De. Different dynamics are observed depending on the interplay among inertia and elasticity of both the liquid and the solid phase: one, two, or even three stable equilibrium positions can be found along the tube radius.
Vertical β-Ga2O3 metal–insulator–semiconductor diodes with an ultrathin boron nitride interlayer
Authors: Xu Mingfei , Biswas Abhijit , Li Tao , He Ziyi , Luo Shisong , Mei Zhaobo , Zhou Jingan , Chang Cheng , Puthirath Anand B. , Vajtai Robert , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Zhao Yuji
Published: December 2023

In this work, we demonstrate the high performance of β-Ga2O3 metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) diodes. An ultrathin boron nitride (BN) interlayer is directly grown on the Ga2O3 substrate by pulsed laser deposition. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy confirm the existence of a 2.8 nm BN interlayer. Remarkably, with the insertion of the ultrathin BN layer, the breakdown voltage is improved from 732 V for Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes to 1035 V for Ga2O3 MIS diodes owing to the passivated surface-related defects and reduced reverse leakage currents. Our approach shows a promising way to improve the breakdown performance of Ga2O3-based devices for next-generation high-power electronics.
Elementary processes triggered in curcumin molecule by gas-phase resonance electron attachment and by photoexcitation in solution
Authors: Pshenichnyuk Stanislav A. , Asfandiarov Nail L. , Markova Angelina V. , Komolov Alexei S. , Timoshnikov Viktor A. , Polyakov Nikolay E.
Published: December 2023

Electron-driven processes in isolated curcumin (CUR) molecules are studied by means of dissociative electron attachment (DEA) spectroscopy under gas-phase conditions. Elementary photostimulated reactions initiated in CUR molecules under UV irradiation are studied using the chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization method in an acetonitrile solvent. Density functional theory is applied to elucidate the energetics of fragmentation of CUR by low-energy (0–15 eV) resonance electron attachment and to characterize various CUR radical forms. The adiabatic electron affinity of CUR molecule is experimentally estimated to be about 1 eV. An extra electron attachment to the π1* LUMO and π2* molecular orbitals is responsible for the most intense DEA signals observed at thermal electron energy. The most abundant long-lived (hundreds of micro- to milliseconds) molecular negative ions CUR– are detected not only at the thermal energy of incident electrons but also at 0.6 eV, which is due to the formation of the π3* and π4* temporary negative ion states predicted to lie around 1 eV. Proton-assisted electron transfer between CUR molecules is registered under UV irradiation. The formation of both radical-anions and radical-cations of CUR is found to be more favorable in its enol form. The present findings shed some light on the elementary processes triggered in CUR by electrons and photons and, therefore, can be useful to understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for a variety of biological effects produced by CUR.