bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulating Technology Processes to Foster Learning

Authors: Krumholtz Nira
Published: June 2016

This is based on a presentation to the second Jerusalem International Science and
Technology Conference in Israel, January 1996.
To Change Perceptions of Technology Programs

Authors: Hansen John W.
Published: June 2016

This paper was based on a presentation to the Mississippi Valley Technology
Teacher Education Conference in Nashville, Tennessee, November 17-18, 2000.
The Challenges in Teaching About Intelligent Building
Technology

Authors: Dittrich Joachim , Deitmer Ludger
Published: June 2016

This article is based on a paper entitled “ Bridging the Gap—Experiences and a
Concept in Technology Education, Networks, and Regional Innovation in the Field of
Intelligent Building Technology” presented at the International Conference of Scholars
on Technology Education at the Technical University of Braunschweig, Germany, September
24-27, 2000.
The Engineering of Technology Education

Authors: Salinger Gerhard L.
Published: June 2016

This paper is based upon a talk given at the 75th Anniversary Epsilon Pi Tau
Breakfast at the ITEA Conference in Kansas City on April 5, 2005. The opinions,
findings, conclusions and recommendations are Gerhard Salinger’s alone and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.
Electronic Performance Support Systems and Technological
Literacy

Authors: Maughan George R.
Published: June 2016

Electronic performance support systems (EPSS) can provide alternative learning
opportunities to supplement traditional classroom or training strategies. Today’s
students may benefit from educational settings and strategies that they will use in the
future. In using EPSS to nurture the development of technological literacy, workers and
students can achieve higher level cognition skills while they perform tasks. Although
there are unique challenges to the development and use of EPSS, efforts to overcome
these challenges are becoming more widespread.
An Exploration of Middle and High School Students’ Perceptions of Deviant
Behavior When Using Computers and the Internet

Authors: Daniel Annie J.
Published: June 2016

If the current trend continues, the use of computer technologies and the Internet
will increase for teaching and education. It is urgent that researchers study computer
and Internet deviance. The purpose of this study was to explore middle and high school
students’ perceptions of deviant behavior when using computers and the Internet.

The target population for this study was middle and high school students. The accessible
population included all students who attended a middle or high school in the East Baton
Rouge Parish School, which has computers that are capable of accessing the Internet
(1,150 students - 575 middle school students and 575 high school students).

Professor San-Yi Li of Taiwan designed the instrument used in this study. This
instrument contained 66 questions and a scantron was used to record participants’
responses. From the instrument, variables were selected from five sections - 1) students
demographic characteristics 2) computer-related activities 3) students perceptions of
deviant behavior when using computers and the Internet 4) students perception of their
peers deviant behavior when using computers and the Internet 5) students ability to use
computers and the Internet.
Results showed that the majority of students indicated
they perceive their behavior as being not deviant when using computers and the Internet.
Contrarily, the students indicated they perceive the behavior of their peers to be more
deviant when using computers and the Internet. When the means of the Students Behavior
Score and the Peers Behavior Score were compared, there was a significant different
between the two scores. The Peers Behavior Score for deviance was much higher than the
Students Behavior Score.
Clicking Toward Development: Understanding the Role of ICTs for Civil
Society

Authors: Michelson Evan S.
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this article is to analyze, discuss, and assess some of the
competing viewpoints and factors regarding the role of new information and communication
technologies (ICTs) within civil society. By outlining the various actions that civil
society organizations (CSOs) need to take in order to maximize the positive impacts and
mitigate the negative consequences that these revolutionary technologies will bring, it
will become clear that the employment and utilization of ICTs by civil society has yet
to reach an optimal point. However, over the next few decades, while these technologies
will inevitably come to transform the development landscape, the hope is that CSOs will
fully integrate ICTs into the development process and will come do so with realistic
expectations. By adopting an ICT “plan of action,” CSOs could better harness the power
of these new technologies and, in turn, will be able to more successfully apply them
towards the promotion of improved human development.
The Pedagogy of Technology Integration

Authors: Okojie Mabel CPO , Olinzock Anthony A. , Okojie-Boulder Tinukwa C.
Published: June 2016

The problem of integrating technology into teaching and learning process has
become a perennial one. Common excuses for the limited use of technology to support
instruction include shortage of computers, lack of computer skill and computer
intimidation. While these could affect the success of technology integration, it should
be acknowledged that the degree of success teachers have in using technology for
instruction could depend in part on their ability to explore the relationship between
pedagogy and technology. The article shows that technology integration is narrowly
perceived and that such a perception might hinder teachers’ understanding of the scope
of technology in education. Technology integration should be considered along with
issues involved in teaching and learning. Such issues include developing learning
objectives, selecting methods of instruction, feedback, and evaluation and assessment
strategies including follow-up activities. Technology used for teaching and learning
should be considered an integral part of instruction and not as an object exclusive to
itself. Viewing technology integration from a wide perspective will provide teachers
with the necessary foundation to implement technology into the classroom more
successfully.
The Epistemic Value of Cautionary Tales

Authors: Shields William M.
Published: June 2016

Twice in NASA history, the agency embarked on a slippery slope that resulted in
catastrophe. Each decision, taken by itself, seemed correct, routine, and indeed,
insignificant and unremarkable. Yet in retrospect, the cumulative effect was stunning.
In both pre-accident periods, events unfolded over a long time and in small increments
rather than in sudden and dramatic occurrences. NASA’s challenge is to design systems
that maximize the clarity of signals, amplify weak signals so they can be tracked, and
account for missing signals. For both accidents there were moments when management
definitions of risk might have been reversed were it not for the many missing signals –
an absence of trend analysis, imagery data not obtained, concerns not voiced,
information overlooked or dropped from briefings. A safety team must have equal and
independent representation so that managers are not again lulled into complacency by
shifting definitions of risk . . . Because ill-structured problems are less visible and
therefore invite the normalization of deviance, they may be the most risky of all. –
Vol. I, Section 8.5, Report of the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (August
2003).
A Discussion of Past, Present, and Future Articulation Models at
Postsecondary Institutions

Authors: O'Meara Ronald , Hall Teresa , Carmichael Mindy
Published: June 2016

This article provides a synopsis of how articulation agreements serve
postsecondary education institutions and their constituents, provides an overview on the
types of agreements, and discusses some of the issues associated with development of
these agreements. The following questions frame the narrative: As community colleges
grew in number and format, what prompted the development of articulation agreements?
What types of articulation agreements have been and are currently being developed? What
are the incentives for either administrators or faculty to pursue development of
articulation agreements?
Exploring the Influence of New Technology Planning and Implementation on
the Perceptions of New Technology Effectiveness

Authors: Bellamy Al
Published: June 2016

This study explored influences that perceptions of new technology implementation
and planning processes, and dimensions of organizational climate have on perceptions of
new technology deployment effectiveness. It also examined the extent to which dimensions
of organizational climate moderates the relationships among new technology
implementation, planning, and new technology deployment effectiveness.
Data for
this study was collected from 100 employees within 6 different types of organizations
that had recently installed new technology. The results of the study indicate that these
factors do indeed influence new technology deployment effectiveness. Organizational
climate was not shown to have a moderator affect.
Training Transfer between CD-ROM Based Instruction and Traditional
Classroom Instruction

Authors: Petty Gregory C. , Lim Doo H. , Zulauf Jeff
Published: June 2016

Many research studies on the effect of organizational factors on training transfer
have been conducted, but few studies have considered the effect that different training
delivery methods have on training transfer. This study sought to identify if there is
any difference in the perceived transfer of training between traditional classroom
instruction learners and computer-based instruction learners. Other demographic
variables (e.g., years of work experience, age, level of education, years of experience
as a supervisor, online course experience, and gender) also were investigated to assess
their influence of the transfer of training. The study results revealed that training
delivery methods did not make any significant difference in the transfer of training
while several demographic variables were associated with significant differences in some
of the five subcategories of training transfer construct (organizational support,
supervisory support, peer support, motivation, and self-efficacy).
Adoption of Aquaculture Technology by Fish Farmers in Imo State of
Nigeria

Authors: Ike Nwachukwu , Onuegbu Roseline
Published: June 2016

This paper evaluated the level of adoption of aquaculture technology extended to
farmers in Imo State, Nigeria. To improve aquaculture practice in Nigeria, a technology
package was developed and disseminated to farmers in the state. This package included
ten practices that the farmers were supposed to adopt. Eighty–two respondents were
randomly selected from the three zones of the state. Data were collected through
structured interview schedule. The results showed that the level of adoption of the
technology was low. Less than half of the respondents adopted the technology. After the
construction of the ponds, which were usually not to specification, the farmers found it
difficult to adopt the other recommendations, (e.g., pond maintenance, feeding,
harvesting, and fish preservation). It was discovered that the farmers did not have
adequate funds to maintain their small ponds and to purchase the necessary feed and
other necessities for aquaculture. To increase the level of adoption of aquaculture
technologies in Nigeria, it is necessary to change its perception from subsistence to
commercial and sustainable farming practice; to assist the farmers with credit
facilities and to provide closer monitoring of the process by extension agents.
Online Course Best Practices as Precision Teaching: Case Study of Quality
Systems Courses

Authors: Sinn John W.
Published: June 2016

Best practices for online courses are explored as precision teaching (PT) within
the context of a case study analysis. The case study focuses on courses taught, 100 per
cent online, as part of Quality Systems (QS) at Bowling Green State University (BGSU).
PT literature establishes main attributes desired as the basis for best practices. The
curricula of these QS courses are explored, with the “mechanics” and infrastructure
analyzed to establish their functioning and best practices as main performance
attributes, consistent with PT best practices. Attributes identified separately in PT
and QS courses are aligned to demonstrate and make the case for best practices in online
courses in general. Attributes presented as both PT and QS are explored relationally to
demonstrate value-adding potentials as online best practices. Convergence of PT and QS
findings are presented as a basis for consideration as broader best practices in online
delivery strategies and methodologies.
Plot Scale Factor Models for Standard Orthographic Views

Authors: Osakue Edward E.
Published: June 2016

Geometric modeling provides graphic representations of real or abstract objects.
Realistic representation requires three dimensional (3D) attributes since natural
objects have three principal dimensions. CAD software gives the user the ability to
construct realistic 3D models of objects, but often prints of these models must be
generated on two dimensional (2D) standardsized sheets. The transformation of 3D objects
into 2D representations on standard-sized sheets requires one to use a proportional
relationship called a scale, which is defined by a scale factor (SF).
Two
mathematical models for a scale factor, one for reduction scaling and the other for
enlargement scaling, are presented for standard orthographic views. The models are based
on the sizes of standard drawing sheets and the principal dimensions of the object. The
application of the models is demonstrated with two illustrative examples, one for
reduction scaling and another for enlargement scaling. The scale factors selected on the
basis of the models were used to prepare detail drawings for the examples. In each case,
the scale factor appeared satisfactory.
It is shown that the models are tolerant of
error in the only parameter that is assumed when applying them, suggesting that they are
robust. This robust feature is an advantage, because in real design drafting situations,
one must often make assumptions about sizes. The models can thus accommodate some
erroneous assumptions.
STEM-Based Computational Modeling for Technology
Education

Authors: Clark Aaron C. , Ernst Jeremy V.
Published: June 2016

According to professionals in education, change is an ever-present and evolving
process. With transformation in education at both state and national levels, technology
education must determine a position in this climate of change.This paper reflects the
views on the future of technology education based on an ongoing research project. The
purpose of the project is to show a contemporary view of one direction that technology
education can take for providing 21st century skills and learning to students.
Nanotechnology Education: Contemporary Content and
Approaches

Authors: Ernst Jeremy V.
Published: June 2016

Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field of research and development identified
as a major priority in the United States. Progress in science and engineering at the
nanoscale is critical for national security, prosperity of the economy, and enhancement
of the quality of life. It is anticipated that nanotechnology will be a major
transitional force that possesses the potential to change society. Rapid and continued
advancement in the field of nanotechnology is accelerating the demand for specific
professional knowledge and skill. These lines of technological discovery and improvement
continue to unlock new content for classroom incorporation.
Contemporary approaches
and practices to further engage learners and enhance their abilities to apply
nanoscale-related content knowledge must be continually developed in order for the
United States to solidify itself as the primary builder of nanotechnology research and
development. Steadfast development of new technologies leading to continual
transformation of society serves as a strong indicator that current educational
practices should be altered in order to prepare knowledgeable and engaged citizens. The
use of three-dimensional graphics, virtual reality, virtual modeling, visualizations,
and other information and communication technologies can assist in reinforcing
nano-associated scientific and technological concepts.
Bio-based Nanocomposites: An Alternative to Traditional
Composites

Authors: Tate Jitendra S. , Akinola Adekunle T. , Kabakov Dmitri
Published: June 2016

Polymer matrix composites (PMC), often referred to as fiber reinforced plastics
(FRP), consist of fiber reinforcement (E-glass, S2-glass, aramid, carbon, or natural
fibers) and polymer matrix/resin (polyester, vinyl ester, polyurethane, phenolic, and
epoxies). Eglass/polyester and E-glass/vinyl ester composites are extensively used in
the marine, sports, transportation, military, and construction industries. These
industries primarily use low-cost open molding processes, such as manual/spray lay-up.
Polyester and vinyl ester resin systems produce styrene emissions. Because of the
stringent EPA regulations on styrene emissions, composite manufacturers are interested
in using low-cost closed molding processes, such as vacuum-assisted resin transfer
molding (VARTM) and styrene-free resin systems such as non-foam and full-density
polyurethanes (PUR). Polyurethanes are polymers created by addition of polyisocyanates
and polyols. The polyol component in polyurerhane can be produced from soybean oil. This
study demonstrates that with the proper addition of nanoparticles, mechanical properties
of soy-based polyurethane can be enhanced. These nanomodified soy-based
polyurethane/glass composites manufactured by using the low-cost VARTM process provide
alternatives to traditional glass/polyester and glass/vinyl ester composites. These
composites will be more environmental friendly for two reasons: (a) Polyurethane does
not produce styrene emission, thereby, resulting in a safer work place and (b) Polyol is
made from a renewable resource (soybean oil).
Potential Ambient Energy-Harvesting Sources and
Techniques

Authors: Yildiz Faruk
Published: June 2016

Ambient energy harvesting is also known as energy scavenging or power harvesting,
and it is the process where energy is obtained from the environment. A variety of
techniques are available for energy scavenging, including solar and wind powers, ocean
waves, piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity, and physical motions. For example, some
systems convert random motions, including ocean waves, into useful electrical energy
that can be used by oceanographic monitoring wireless sensor nodes for autonomous
surveillance. Ambient energy sources are classified as energy reservoirs, power
distribution methods, or power-scavenging methods, which may enable portable or wireless
systems to be completely battery independent and self sustaining. The students from
different disciplines, such as industrial technology, construction, design and
development and electronics, investigated the effectiveness of ambient energy as a
source of power. After an extensive literature review, students summarized each
potential ambient energy source and explained future energy-harvesting systems to
generate or produce electrical energy as a support to conventional energy storage
devices. This article investigates recent studies about potential ambient
energy-harvesting sources and systems.
Green Printing: Colorimetric and Densitometric Analysis of Solvent-based
and Vegetable Oil-based Inks of Multicolor Offset Printing

Authors: Dharavath H. Naik , Hahn Kim
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the measurable print
attributes (Print Contrast and Dot Gain) and color gamut of solvent-based (SB) inks vs.
vegetable oil-based (VO) inks of multicolor offset printing. The literature review
revealed a lack of published research on this subject. VO inks tend to perform (color
reproduction) better than petroleum inks; in recent years many printers have come to
prefer using VO inks. This research adopted an experimental research method. The
experiment was conducted in a computer to plate (CTP) based workflow. During the
printing, once the density values met the standard (GRACoL) ink density values, the
press was run continuously without operator interference and 1,000 sheets were printed,
from which 278 were randomly selected for colorimetric and densitometric analysis. The
color gamuts of both inks were derived by using colorimetric data. The comparison of SB
inks to VO inks led to the conclusion that the latter provides a greater color gamut. VO
inks offer greater color perception in printed images. The densitometric findings make
it difficult to draw conclusions about print contrast, as each of the inks had
statistically significant higher levels of print contrast for two of the four ink
colors. Further study is needed to control the variables.
Trajectories of Mathematics and Technology Education Pointing To
Engineering Design

Authors: Daugherty Jenny L. , Reese George C. , Merrill Chris
Published: June 2016

A brief examination and comparison of mathematics and technology education
provides the background for a discussion of integration. In particular, members of each
field have responded to the increasing pressures to better prepare students for the
technologically rich, globally competitive future. Approaches based within each
discipline are varied across curriculum and instructional strategies. However, when
examining the disciplines’ historical paths, there are important similarities to
consider in determining how best to affect student learning in both mathematics and
technology education. The authors contend that engineering design is the appropriate
contextual area for integrating mathematics in technology education.
Advancing the “E” in K-12 STEM Education

Authors: Rockland Ronald , Bloom Diane S. , Carpinelli John , Burr-Alexander Levelle , Hirsch Linda S. , Kimmel Howard
Published: June 2016

Technological fields, like engineering, are in desperate need of more qualified
workers, yet not enough students are pursuing studies in science, technology,
engineering, or mathematics (STEM) that would prepare them for technical careers.
Unfortunately, many students have no interest in STEM careers, particularly engineering,
because they are not exposed to topics in these fields during their K-12 studies. Most
K-12 teachers have not been trained to integrate relevant STEM topics into their
classroom teaching and curriculum materials. This article explores best practices for
bringing engineering into the science and mathematics curriculum of secondary school
classrooms by describing a project that utilizes concepts representing the merger of
medicine, robotics, and information technology. Specific examples demonstrating the
integration into the teaching of physics, biology, and chemistry are provided. Also
considered are the critical issues of professional development for classroom teachers,
improved preparation of future teachers of STEM, and the development of curriculum
materials that address state and national content standards.
Technology Education to Engineering: A Good Move?

Authors: Williams P. John
Published: June 2016

Recent curriculum changes in the educational system of Australia have resulted in
allowing optional Engineering course work to count for university entrance for students
choosing to apply to a university. In other educational systems, Engineering is playing
an increasingly important role, either as a stand-alone subject or as part of an
integrated approach to Science, Mathematics, and Technology. These developments raise
questions about the relationship between Engineering and Technology education, some of
which are explored in this article.
Introducing Engineering Design Through an Intelligent Rube Goldberg
Implementation

Authors: Acharya Sushil , Sirinterlikci Arif
Published: June 2016

Engineering students need a head start on designing a component, a process, or a
system early in their educational endeavors, and engineering design topics need to be
introduced appropriately without negatively affecting students’ motivation for
engineering. In ENGR1010 at Robert Morris University, freshmen engineering students are
introduced to engineering design theory and practice through fun and challenging Rube
Goldberg implementations to give them self-confidence early in their education. This
article presents a background on Rube Goldberg mechanisms and their use in engineering
education. However, the main focus is given to engineering design and microcontrollers
in Rube Goldberg mechanisms. The authors worked with a multidisciplinary group of
freshmen software and mechanical engineering students to complete an intelligent Rube
Goldberg mechanism to assemble cheese sandwiches. The project was accomplished by using
a 10-step design process and generating an automated assembly line with Rube Goldberg
contraption elements controlled by a microcontroller. The Robot C programming language
was employed for programming. The project details, project evaluation, and student
responses are also included in this paper.
A Case Study in CAD Design Automation

Authors: Lowe Andrew G. , Hartman Nathan W.
Published: June 2016

Computer-aided design (CAD) software and other product life-cycle management (PLM)
tools have become ubiquitous in industry during the past 20 years. Over this time they
have continuously evolved, becoming programs with enormous capabilities, but the
companies that use them have not evolved their design practices at the same rate. Due to
the constant pressure of bringing new products to market, commercial businesses are not
able to dedicate the resources necessary to tap into the more advanced capabilities of
their design tools that have the potential to significantly reduce both time-to-market
and quality of their products. Taking advantage of these advanced capabilities would
require little time and out-of-pocket expense, since the companies already own the
licenses to the software. This article details the work of a small research team working
in conjunction with a major turbine engine manufacturer endeavoring to make better use
of the underutilized capabilities of their design software. By using the scripting
language built into their CAD package for design automation, knowledge-based engineering
applications, and efficient movement of data between design packages, the company was
able to significantly reduce design time for turbine design, increase the number of
feasible design iterations, increase benefits from relational modeling techniques, and
increase the overall quality of their design processes.
Discovering New Zealand Technology Teacher’s PCK

Authors: Williams P. John , Gumbo Mishack
Published: June 2016

An important and under-researched area of technology education is teachers’
pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). This concept reflects the notion that expert
teachers’ knowledge is a unique integration of their pedagogical technique and their
understanding of technology content as applied in a particular instance.
The
authors are interested in inquiring into technology teachers’ PCK from a comparative
perspective between New Zealand and South African teachers, who have implemented and
reviewed their technology education curriculum according to a similar timeframe. This
article therefore reports on the first phase of this study on lower secondary technology
teachers’ PCK, with the focus on New Zealand. The ultimate aim is to compare the PCK of
New Zealand technology teachers and the PCK of South African technology teachers via a
case study approach. The findings in this paper are reported from the interviews,
classroom observations, and document reviews of four New Zealand technology
teachers.
Printing Processes Used to Manufacture Photovoltaic Solar
Cells

Authors: Rardin Tina E. , Xu Renmei
Published: June 2016

There is a growing need for renewable energy sources, and solar power is a good
option in many instances. Photovoltaic solar panels are now being manufactured via
various methods, and different printing processes are being incorporated into the
manufacturing process. Screen printing has been used most prevalently in the printing
process to make solar cells, but some companies have used the offset web press type
methods to put material onto foil; they also have created solar cells with inkjet
printing. The printing of solar cells has helped to reduce manufacturing costs in most
cases, and it also has increased the various applications in which solar power both is
and can be used. Many more options for photovoltaic solar panels are available, and not
simply the traditional ones that are often placed on rooftops. Such a variety of solar
panels are partially to the result of the implementation of suitable printing processes
during the production of these cells.
Design, Operation, and Analysis of a Floating Water Fountain System Using
Renewable Energy Technology

Authors: Chapman Hans , Gomez Eduardo , Joshi Nilesh N. , Adhikari Sanjeev
Published: June 2016

Engineering and technological applications of renewable energy installations, such
as photovoltaic (solar) energy, are making important contributions toward the
development of environmentally friendly products and processes for a more sustainable
future. This article presents the design, assembly, and operation of a solar powered
floating fountain system for analysis of aeration in stagnant water. The goal was to
increase the level of dissolved oxygen in a body of water by harnessing solar energy for
submerged aeration. The system is composed of six solar panels, a kit of batteries, a
linear current booster, pressurized water tank, two pumps, an air compressor, and a
float. The design factors for dissolved oxygen (DO) measurements were determined from
depth of water, time of the day, location of fountain, and status of fountain (on or
off). A Split Plot design was used to investigate the performance of the fountain, based
on the changes in levels of DO in the pond. Statistical analysis showed a 120% gain in
DO concentration during a 20-day period with significant destratification of the pond.
This applied research will be of interest to engineers and technologists in various
areas, including environmental development, green construction, and aquatic and energy
conservation.
Voices from the Past: Messages for a STEM Future

Authors: Kelley Todd R.
Published: June 2016

The current emphasis in K-12 education on science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics (STEM) (Douglas, Iversen, & Kalyandurg, 2004; Sanders, 2009) creates
many ways to partner engineering education with these fields. Therefore, it is
appropriate to examine the commonalities these fields have with engineering education.
Though much of the science education and mathematics education history is understood,
technology education’s history is not common knowledge, and as a result misconceptions
abound (Daugherty & Wicklein, 1993 Wicklein, 2008). Technology education’s
longstanding history in problem- and project-based learning, design- and
engineering-related pedagogical approach is over a century old and grounded in theories
of Comenius, Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Froebel, Herbart, Sheldon, and Dewey (Dewey, 1915;
Foster, 1995, 1997; Herschbach, 2009; Kirkwood, 1994). The brief review of technology
education’s history will reveal an almost eerie parallel to the current engineering
education and STEM education movements.
Nanotechnology Safety Training: Addressing the Missing
Piece

Authors: Fazarro Dominick E. , Trybula Walt
Published: June 2016

This OSHA Susan Harwood Grant addressed nanotechnology safety training for workers
and was critical for building a path for future training/education courses. The purposes
of the grant were to facilitate training and to assess the outcomes of the participants’
knowledge. Two trainers went to four sites in the United States, including one in Puerto
Rico, to conduct eight-hour courses in the Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS)
implications of nanomaterials
A survey was distributed to participants at the end
of the course to assess the quality of the course and the instructors. Overwhelmingly,
approximately 95% of the participants were satisfied with the quality of the course and
instruction.
A pretest was given to the participants to assess if they knew
anything about EHS, and a posttest was administered after the training course. A
hypothesis test was used to determine the effectiveness of the content of the course. A
paired samples t-test was used to ascertain whether there was an improvement in scores
from the pretest to the posttest. The findings indicated a statistically significant
difference between the group mean scores from the pretest to the posttest. In essence,
the participants improved from the pretest to the posttest scores as a result of the
training. However, there are caution should be taken when addressing the results as the
sole indicator of the participants’ success.
Effect of pre-defined Color Rendering Intents (CRI) on the Hue attributes
in a Color Managed Workflow (CMW)

Authors: Dharavath Haji Naik , Kokil Uttam
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of applied International
Color Consortium (ICC) predefined color rendering intents on the digital printing solid
colors output (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black ((CMYK]) hue and gray output (Overlap of
CMY: 50%, 40%, and 40% tints) hue variation among the four ICC standard color rendering
intents in a color management workflow (CMW). The experiment analyzed the effect of four
ICC-specified color rendering intents (absolute, perceptual, relative, and saturation
intents) on the digital color output hue of gray and solid colors. The objective of this
study allowed testing of an accepted color management practice to gain a better
understanding of the presumptions associated with the application of rendering intents.
The experiment examined the four ICC color rendering intents as independent groups (K =
4) using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with equal n’s method (at α = 0.05) to
determine the significant colorimetric variation (COLVA) of hue between the (K = 4, n =
15, and N =60) group means (averages) color deviations of these intents. With four
rendering intents (groups, K = 4), a one-tailed, non-directional hypothesis was
established. The conclusions of this stilly arc based upon an analysis of ANOVA test
data and associated findings. The data from the ANOVA reveal significant differences in
the gray hue deviation of the reproduction among the multiple ICC color rendering
intents (CRT). The colorimetric data suggest that selection of a rendering intent is an
important activity in a CMW as it relates to obtaining accurate output colors for a
desired purpose.
Technology and Engineering Education Doctoral Students’ Perceptions of
Their Profession

Authors: Martin Gene , Ritz John , Kosloski Michael
Published: June 2016

The growth and vitality of both technology and engineering education professions
rely on the quality of contributions of its new and emerging leaders. Many of these
leaders are currently enrolled students in doctoral programs. These students will be
challenged to assume leadership roles in which they are not currently engaged
(Ehrenberg, Jakubson, Groen, So, & Price, 2007). Some students may choose to focus
their careers in developing new curricula; some will become active in grant writing and
grant procurement; some will choose to serve as officers in their professional
organizations; and others will contribute to the body of literature in their discipline.
Wherever these future leaders decide to focus their efforts, they will likely have an
impact on their profession. This study reports on currently enrolled doctoral students’
perceptions related to the focus of content taught in formalized K-12 technology and
engineering education programs, methods used to prepare future technology and
engineering teachers, characteristics of their planned professional involvement, and
future forecasting for their school subject. This is the second study by the authors
focusing on doctoral students’ perceptions.
Assessing the Cost Effectiveness of LEED Certified Homes in
Kentucky

Authors: Glossner Stephen J. , Adhikari Sanjeev , Chapman Hans
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the cost effectiveness of building
new-construction single-family homes through the Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design (LEED) program in six counties of Kentucky. The estimated added LEED construction
cost was calculated as well as its respective payback period based on the expected
utility savings of LEED certification. A mortgage cost comparison was also performed
comparing traditional code built to non-LEED single-family homes. Using descriptive
statistical analysis on the simple payback period, mortgage costs were compared
internally and by county. This study found that The LEED Certified and Silver level had
payback periods less than 30 years, and the total 30 year net difference between
non-LEED and LEED certified ranged from $-1,193.20 to $1,667.64.
Military and National Security Implications of
Nanotechnology

Authors: Tate Jitendra S. , Espinoza Sergio , Habbit Davontae , Hanks Craig , Trybula Walt , Fazarro Dominick E.
Published: June 2016

All branches of the U.S. military are currently conducting nanotechnology
research, including the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), Office of
Naval Research (ONR), Army Research Office (ARO), and Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (AFOSR). The United States is currently the leader of the development of
nanotechnology-based applications for military and national defense. Advancements in
nanotechnology are intended to revolutionize modern warfare with the development of
applications such as nano-sensors, artificial intelligence, nanomanufacturing, and
nanorobotics. Capabilities of this technology include providing soldiers with stronger
and lighter battle suits, using nano-enabled medicines for curing field wounds, and
producing silver-packed foods with decreased spoiling rate (Tiwari, A., Military
Nanotechnology, 2004). Although the improvements in nanotechnology hold great promise,
this technology has the potential to pose some risks. This article addresses a few of
the more recent, rapidly evolving, and cutting edge developments for defense purposes.
To prevent irreversible damages, regulatory measures must be taken in the advancement of
dangerous technological developments implementing nanotechnology. The article introduces
recent efforts in awareness of the societal implications of military and national
security nanotechnology as well as recommendations for national leaders.
The “Who, What, and How Conversation”: Characteristics and
Responsibilities of Current In-service Technology and Engineering
Educators

Authors: Ernst Jeremy V. , Williams Thomas O.
Published: June 2016

This study, using the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), investigates K-12
technology and engineering educator and service load similarities and differences as
they compare to the broader educational population. Specifically, teacher demographics,
educational levels, certification status/pathways, and student caseload characteristics
are explored. Results indicate that technology and engineering educators have a notable
background and preparation distinctions to that of peer educators. Additionally, there
are notable distinctions in the student population in which this group of educators
serve.
Bioremediation of Lead and Cadmium Contaminated soil by Sesbania rostrata plant and AM fungi Glomus mosseae
Authors: Shahatha Eltifat Fadhil , Al-Mousawi Ali Hashim , Ibrahim Kadhim M.
Published: June 2016

This study was conducted to determine the activity of plant Sesbania rostrata and two isolate from arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (A,B) as a bioremediation of soil polluted by cadmium and lead elements in north and south of Baghdad city. The results showed that the average of soil pollution by cadmium and lead elements in north of Baghdad was less than the average of soil pollution in the south of Baghdad which recorded 10.0, 9.0 mg/kg and 27.0, 25.0 mg/kg respectively. The plant Sesbania recorded ability to accumulate the lead element in shoot system 19.65 mg/kg and in root system 27.2 mg/kg and for cadmium element 19.6, 24.6 mg/kg in shoot and root respectively. The results showed that the isolate A from soil pollution is more effected than isolate B which isolated from uncontaminated soil.
Prevalence of Tonsillitis caused by Streptococcus spp. Among children and the effect of some Lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strain on it
Authors: Razouqi Nada Sabah , Abdulateef Rand Thair
Published: June 2016

In this study 100 samples were collected from infected children with acute and chronic tonsillitis who attended to Al-Yarmook Teaching Hospital (ENT consultation clinic) from 5/12/2013 to 1/3/2014. The result of laboratory culture was positive in 67 samples. Depending on their cultural, morphological and biochemical characterization of bacterial isolate of them were identified as (37.31%) belonged to Streptococcus pyogenes and the diagnosis is confirmed by the use of Remel Rapid STR System, (34.32%) belonged to S.parasanguinis, (11.94%) S.mitis, (11.94%) S.oralis and (4.47%) S.thoraltensis .
Results confirmed that cup assay gave highest inhibition zone after 24 hrs compare with well diffusion methods for suspension of L.acidophilus gave highest inhibition zone after 48 hrs for incubation, while ahigh inhibition zone revealed for suspension of L.fermentum after 24 hrs incubation.
the study included also the measurement of the inhibition activity for bacteriocins produced by L.acidophilus bacteria against pathogenic bacteria on nutrient agar by well diffusion method in which results revealed stability of the bacteriocins produced towards PH which kept its activity with PH 4-6 for 24 hrs, and the highest stability was with PH 4, however it lost a lot of its activity with acidic PH less than 2 and alkaline PH as 8. The treatment of bacteriocins with salts such as Nacl it revealed little effect in inhibition zone within 1 & 2% concetrations. The salt MgSo4 & Kcl showed reduction in the inhibitory activity in the low concentration, however the higher concentration of salt caused great reduction and 5% concentration led to loss of inhibitory activity for bacteriocins completely.
Identification of Candida species Isolated From Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Patients by Chromgen agar and PCR-RFLP Method
Authors: Habib Khalid A. , Najee Eman N. , Abood Meethaq S.
Published: June 2016

This study focuses on diagnosis of Candida species causing Vulvovaginal Candidiasis using phenotype and genotype analyzing methods, and frequencies of candida species also using Vulvovaginal Candidiasis patients. 130 samples (100 from patients and 30 from non infected women) were collected and cultured on biological media. Identifying the yeasts, initially some phenotypic experiments were carried out such as germ tube, from motion of pseudohyphae and clamydospores in CMA+TW80 medium, API20 candida and CHROMagar Candida. Genomic DNA of all species were extracted and analyzed with PCR and subsequent Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restriction Fragments Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Frequency of C. albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis , C. parapsilosis and C. glabrata were 46.4%, 31%, 18%, 7.2%, and 1.8%, respectively.The ITS1-ITS4 region was amplified and the Restriction enzyme Msp1 digests this region and was used to identify of candida species .Electrophoretically ribosomal DNA of C. albicans, C. krusei, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata produced two bands whereas the C. parapsilosis gave one band.
Synthesis and Characterization of Multishapes of Fe3O4 Nanoparticle by Solve-Hydrothermal Method Using Microwave Radiation
Authors: Abdulghani Ahlam Jameel , Al-Ogedy Waleed Madhloom
Published: June 2016

Iron oxide(Fe3O4) nanoparticles of different sizes and shapes were synthesized by solve-hydrothermal reaction assisted by microwave irradiation using ferrous ammonium sulfate as a metal precursor, oleic acid as dispersing agent, ethanol as reducing agent and NaOH as precipitating agent at pH=12. The synthesized Fe3O4 nano particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR and thermal analysis TG-DTG. Sizes and shapes of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
The Act Of An Operator
Authors: Kadhim Samira Naji , Atiya Zainab Abed
Published: June 2016

In this paper we will study some of the properties of an operator by looking at the associated S-act of this operator, and conversely. We look at some operators, like one to one operators, onto operators. On the other hand, we look at some act theoretic concepts, like faithful acts, finitely generated acts, singular acts, separated acts, torsion free acts and noetherian acts. We try to determine what properties of T make the associated S-act has any of these properties.
On the Representations of M-Groups
Authors: Majeed Taghreed Hur , Al-Zubaidy Khawla A. , Jasim Niran Sabah
Published: June 2016

The main object of this paper is to study the representations of monomial groups and characters technique for representations of monomial groups. We refer to monomial groups by M-groups. Moreover we investigate the relation of monomial groups and solvable groups.
Many applications have been given the symbol G e.g. group of order 297 is an M-group and solvable. For any group G, the factor group G/G? (G? is the derived subgroup of G) is an M-group in particular if G = Sn, SL(4,R).
Stimulation of Seawater Injectors by GLDA (Glutamic-Di Acetic Acid)
Authors: Mahmoud Mohamed , Abdelgawad K. Z. , Elkatatny S. M. , Akram A.. , Stanitzek T..
Published: June 2016

Seawater is injected to maintain the reservoir pressure that supports the oil production from carbonate and sandstone reservoirs. In certain regions, the seawater contains more than 4,000 ppm sulfate, and the formation contains more than 19,000 ppm calcium; this will cause calcium sulfate precipitation at the reservoir conditions. The precipitate at the reservoir conditions will be anhydrite, and it will cause formation damage that will reduce the well injectivity. Stimulation treatments are required to recover the well injectivity; this requires stopping water injection to perform the stimulation treatments, and also it requires flowing back the well after stimulation treatment.

In this study, we are proposing a new method that we can use to stimulate water injectors without stopping the water injection. The new method includes adding a chelating agent to the injected seawater at the wellhead at 15 wt% concentration. The fluid will be injected at the surface with the seawater with a specific dose to achieve the required concentration. Several solubility and coreflooding tests were performed with actual carbonate cores and GLDA (glutamic-di acetic acid) chelating agent at different temperatures. The chemical injection does not need coiled tubing and can be injected at the surface with the seawater. The chelating agents will sequester all calcium in solution and will prevent the calcium sulfate precipitation. GLDA chelating agent will be used with seawater, with no need to use treated or fresh water. Also, flowing back the well is not required because the fate of GLDA in the aquifer is soluble.

Solubility tests up to 250°F at high pressure showed that the GLDA is stable with seawater. Coreflood experiments and computed-tomography scans showed the ability of GLDA in the creation of dominant wormholes through 6- and 1.5-in. carbonate cores at 212 and 150°F, respectively. GLDA chelating agent can be used to stimulate seawater injectors without additives because this chemical is stable and mild with the well tubulars. Previous corrosion studies on GLDA showed that its corrosion rate is in the allowable range without adding corrosion inhibitors.