bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated influence of melting parameters of rail steel on rail products quality and technical and economic indicators of the production
Authors: Umanskii A. A. , Dumova L. V.
Published: December 2018

Analysis of literature and production data has shown that despite the significant improvement in quality of domestic rail products, achieved in the last decade due to fundamental technical re-equipment of rail production, there is a problem of increased rejection of rails for surface defects. Based on studies of influence of rail steel chemical composition on quality of rails produced by «EVRAZ ZSMK», there was established a significant effect of increasing copper content in the range of 0.07 - 0.15 % and of sulfur - in the range of 0.006 - 0.011 % in E76KhF steel to increase rejection caused by rail surface defects. Mechanism of the influence of these elements concentration in rail steel on finished rails quality was revealed. Decisive influence of ratio of pig iron and scrap in metal charge on copper and sulfur content in rail steel was evidenced - higher rate of cast iron in metal charge within 20 - 50 % contributes to decrease of copper concentration and increase of sulfur content. To justify optimal composition of the charge for rail steel melting in regard to rail products quality and technical and economic indicators of production, study of the effect of cast iron (liquid and solid) to scrap ratio in metal charge on basic parameters of furnaces’ operation was conducted. As a result, it was found that with an increase in share of both liquid and solid iron in metal charge, there are linear decrease in specific electricity consumption, increase in specific oxygen consumption according to parabolic law and a linear decrease in manganese content in furnace output. The obtained dependences of melting duration on ratio of charge components in metal charge indicates presence of prominent minimum, when using liquid iron in the range of 35 - 40 %, and when using solid iron - in the range of 30 - 35 %. Based on the regression equations, statistical model was constructed for the influence of metal charge composition on technical and economic performance of the melt charge in rail steel smelting, in which optimization parameters are: total cost, depending on the metal stock composition and performance of the shop for suitable billets produced by continuous casting. Application of the obtained model allows to develop reasonable recommendations on the optimal proportion of iron in the metal for current level of prices for materials and energy used in electric smelting, taking into account changes in the shop productivity.
Elastoplastic bend of round steel beam. Message 2. Residual stresses
Authors: Shinkin V. N.
Published: December 2018

The residual stresses in metals can lead to the defects in metals during their forming and to destruction of metal structures during their long-term operation. The resulting residual stresses during metal forming can be of plastic nature, as in the malleable metals, or caused by a slow irreversible creep at the increased temperatures and prolonged action of loads. In the viscoelastic mediums, it can be caused by the viscous parts of deformation that can accumulate when the body is deformed for a long period of time. The residual stresses also have an effect on the metals microstructure and can present inside and around the crystalline grains as the micro-residual stresses, which are called the hidden elastic stresses. Sometimes the residual stresses are called the eigenstresses by an analogy with the eigenfunctions, introduced by the mathematicians to denote the functions that correspond to the certain values (the eigenvalues) of parameters of the differential equation under the given boundary conditions. The concept of the internal stresses was proposed as a general concept for this type of stresses, created by the body itself; the term residual stresses is assigned to the case, when the internal stresses are caused by the irreversible deformation. In addition to the emergence of favorable system of residual stresses in the discs of malleable metals with a pronounced deformation hardening, there will also be a local increase in strength, provided that the Bauschinger’s effect does not negate the achieved advantages. The extreme values of residual stresses of a straight cylindrical steel rod (beam) during bending are studied below.
Development of flux-cored wire for surfacing of parts operating under conditions of wear
Authors: Gusev A. I. , Usol’tsev A. A. , Kozyrev N. A. , Kibko N. V. , Bashchenko L. P.
Published: December 2018

Powder wire for surfacing of abrasive-wearing products of Fe - C - Si - Мп - Cr -Ni - Mo system (type A according to IIW classification) was developed and investigated. Studies in laboratory conditions were performed according to the following scheme: multilayer surfacing of the samples was carried out with preheating of plates up to 350 °C and subsequent slow cooling (after surfacing). Surfacing was made by ASAW-1250 welding tractor with manufactured cored wire in six layers on plates of 09G2S steel. Instead of amorphous carbon, carbon-fluorine-containing dust containing 21 - 46 % Al2O3; 18 - 27 % F; 8 - 15 % Na2O; 0.4 - 6.0 % K2O; 0.7 - 2.3 % CaO; 0.5 - 2.5 % SiO2; 2.1 - 3.3 % Fe2O3; 12.5 - 30.2 % Cgen ; 0.07 - 0.90 % MnO; 0.06 -- 0.90 % MgO; 0.09 - 0.19 % S; 0.10 - 0.18 % P was introduced into the wire. The following powder materials were used as filler: iron powder PZhV1 as per GOST 9849 - 86, ferrosilicon powder FS 75 as per GOST 1415 - 93, high carbon ferrochrome powder F99A as per GOST 4757 - 91, carbon ferromanganese powder FMN 78(A) as per GOST 4755 - 91, PNK-1L5 nickel powder PNK-1L5 as per GOST 9722 - 97, ferromolybdenum powder FMo60 as per GOST 4759 - 91, ferrovanadium powder FV50U 0.6 as per GOST 27130 - 94, cobalt powder PC-1U as per GOST 9721 - 79, tungsten powder PVN as per PS 48-19-72 - 92. Studies of the deposited layer have shown that within the obtained limits, carbon, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, manganese and to a lesser extent vanadium simultaneously increase hardness of the deposited layer and reduce rate of wear of the samples. Increase in concentration of tungsten increases hardness of the deposited metal but reduces wear resistance. Low viscosity of matrix does not allow tungsten carbides to be kept on surface, as a result, wear occurs not according to the uniform surface abrasion scheme, but is reasoned by pitting high-strength carbide particles from the matrix, resulting in additional cracks formed in matrix, contributing to additional wear of matrix. Introduction of cobalt to the mixture composition does not have significant effect on hardness and abrasive wear of the deposited layer, which is associated with obtaining more viscous, but less solid matrix. In case of absence of solid particles of carbides embedded in matrix, the effect of introduction of cobalt is negative. According to the results of multivariate correlation analysis, dependences of hardness of the deposited layer and its wear resistance on mass fraction of elements included in flux-cored wires of the Fe - C - Si - Mn - Cr - Mo - Ni - V - Co system were determined.
Effect of long-term thermal aging in heat exchange equipment of fast neutron switchgears on the structure and properties of austenitic chromium-nickel steel
Authors: Kudryavtsev A. S. , Okhapkin K. A.
Published: December 2018

The influence of long-term operation at 515 °C on structure and properties of 09Cr18Ni9 steel was investigated. Structure and phase composition were obtained using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The phase composition of the steel in equilibrium state was determined by thermodynamic modeling in the software package Fact-Sage. As a result of the study, it was found that during the operation at 515 °C with a duration of 195,000 h, the structure changes occurred in the 09Cr18Ni9 steel with the formation of secondary phases, initiated by the release of elements with limited solubility from the supersaturated solid solution. The following secondary precipitates in structure of the solid solution of austenite presented: Cr23C6 chromium carbide, ferrite (a), G-phase. Based on comparison of the thermodynamic modeling results and on experimental determination of the phase composition, it was established that the steel structure is in a state close to equilibrium. The mechanism of structural transformations course and sequence of the secondary phases’ formation were revealed and described. At the initial stage, chromium carbide is formed, then a-ferrite is formed near the carbides, and then G-phase is formed. Results of the tests for impact strength and static elongation have shown that the change in phase composition in process of thermal aging leads to embrittlement of the steel - a reduction in ductility and impact energy. Fractografic studies of fracture surfaces of the samples have shown that the decrease in plasticity during long-term high-temperature operation is associated with softening of the grain body and strengthening of the boundaries due to secondary precipitations of the carbide phase. As a result of this process, plastic deformation is localized in the weakened volume of the body of grain surrounded by strong boundaries. The structure evolution during prolonged heat aging has the greatest effect on impact strength. At the same time, the change in ultimate and yield stress is insignificant. The main contribution to the change in mechanical characteristics of steel is made by the secondary precipitates of the carbide phase.
Ecological and economic aspects of vinyl chloride production based on the use of raw materials of coking plant
Authors: Kudryashova I. A. , Kharlampenkov E. A. , Zakharova N. V.
Published: December 2018

Ecological and economic aspects of vinyl chloride production are considered as the main resource for production of polyvinyl chloride using by-products of coking enterprise, including low-grade coke, as well as coke gas. Implementation of this project is possible based on carbon technologies and technology of conversion of methane contained in coke gas into acetylene using hydrogen-arc pyrolysis. It is proposed to include cryogenic separation of coke gas into methane and hydrogen, needed for implementation of this technology and production of hydrogen chloride as a component for production of vinyl chloride in process of raw material preparation. Rational use of resources of two Kemerovo enterprises - “Cock” PJSC and “Khimprom” PJSC for this product manufacturing allows optimization of added value chain. Currently, “Coke” PJSC has inoperative volumes of coke gas, which can be used as a raw material for vinyl chloride production. Carbon technology of PVC production, as international practice has shown, is economically advantageous if cost of coal raw materials and waste coke production is 40% lower than cost of oil or natural gas. Analysis of economic expenditures and cost of vinyl chloride production based on added value chains have identified the most “narrow” elements of technological process, requiring innovative solutions to reduce costs and environmental impact of production.
Application of siverts law to the study of heat and mass transfer processes during the molten metals degassing from dissolved nitrogen in an electrostatic field of subcritical strengths
Authors: Zakharov N. I. , Tupilko I. V.
Published: December 2018

In computer simulation of heat and mass transfer at metals ladle degassing (with a sufficiently high melting point) from the dissolved nitrogen in electrostatic field of subcritical tensions, there is a problem of statement of a boundary condition to the equation of convective diffusion on border “vacuum - metal”. The purpose of computer simulation was the technology optimization. Classical form of the Siverts law doesn’t consider the external impact on fusion. The authors offer the generalizing record of this law which includes tension of the electrostatic field and extent of atoms ionization of nitrogen dissolved in metal in upper layer of this border. Its correctness is confirmed by three-criteria check.
Cemented carbide cutting tools coated with silicon nitride
Authors: Panov V. S.
Published: December 2018

The paper describes the technology of producing a wear resistant silicon nitride coating on cemented carbide cutting tools and factors affecting its structure and thickness. A review of domestic and foreign authors’ works is given on the properties and applications of cemented carbides in cutting, drilling, die stamping tools, wear resistant materials, for chipless processing of wood, plastics. It is noted that one of the promising ways of cutting tool development is using indexable throwaway inserts (ITI) with wear resistant coatings. The choice of silicon nitride as a material for cemented carbide tool coating is justified. The data on silicon nitride deposition methods, investigation of cutting tool structures and properties are provided. Laboratory and factory tests of Si3N4-coated cemented carbide tools demonstrated coating applicability in improving the wear resistance and lifetime of cutting inserts.
My memories of Professor G.V.Samsonov
Authors: Navara Erik
Published: December 2018

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New masteralloys for sintered high strength steels – the attractive route between mixing and prealloying
Authors: Oro R. , Jaliliziyaeian M. , Dunkley J. , Gierl-Mayer C. , Danninger H.
Published: December 2018

The combination of alloying elements in the form of a masteralloy (MA) powder gives the possibility to protect oxygen-sensitive elements against oxidation and to promote the formation of a liquid phase that enhances the sintering mechanisms. As compared to the prealloying approach, the MA route has lower impact on compressibility and provides more flexibility in the selection ofthe final composition. Knowledge of the chemical aspects of sintering combined with the possibility to tailor the properties of sintered steels through the use of specific MA compositions and with the development of novel atomizing methods to produce MA powders may, in the near future, position the MA approach as a very interesting alternative to conventional alloying methods. In this work, sintered steels containing cost-effective Fe–Mn–Si masteralloysare processed at increasing temperatures in the range between 1120 and 1300 °C. The combination with different base powders provides a good overview of the properties that can be obtained with this alloying approach. Besides, the evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties as a function of temperature allow understanding the real benefits of increasing the sintering temperature, in order to find an appropriate balance between the economic requirements and the material performance.
Emerging challenges in solid-state sintering science and technology
Authors: Kang Suk-Joong L. , Bordia Rajendra K. , Olevsky Eugene A.
Published: December 2018

Major research challenges in the field of solid-state sintering are noted following the authors’ recent paper (J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2017. Vol. 100. P. 2314–2352). They are highlighted in the areas of (i) modeling and simulation (mesoscale as well as macroscale), (ii) microstructural evolution with respect to interface structure, (iii) novel sintering techniques, and (iv) solutions for practical systems.
Compressibility curves of iron-base powders: Support for evaluating stresses on compaction tools or just a method for evaluation of raw materials?
Authors: Bocchini G. F.
Published: December 2018

The forecast of maximum stresses on compaction tools is frequently based on the so-called compressibility curves, obtained according to specific standards. The analysis of compressibility curves enables to draw a simple analytical law, to utilize for further developments. The relationship between radial and axial pressure is described. The radial pressure is the design datum for the correct dimensioning of dies. Literature data on the relationship between applied pressure and friction coefficient enables to derive a model linking compact geometry and axial pressures effectively needed to reach specific densities. For part shapes characterized by a discrete extension on height – such as bushings, for instance – the effects of geometry are linked to 2 dimensionless parameters, one of physical nature (product of the pressure ratio multiplied by friction coefficient) and one of geometrical nature (ratio between «vertical» friction surfaces and double of compaction area). These dimensionless parameters enable to draw the «real» compressibility curves, linked to specific geometries. For part shapes characterized by small height – such as thin disks or plates – the effects of geometry again depend on two dimensionless parameters: one of physical nature (ratio between two times the friction coefficient and pressure ratio) and one of geometrical nature (ratio radius/height of the thin disk). Thinner the disk, higher the pressure needed to attain a given density. The theoretical results are compared with experimental data. The agreement between experimental data and forecasts based onthe theoretical approach is good. The study proves that the standard compressibility curves, if uncritically utilized for predicting stresses acting on tools, are unsuitable to predict the stresses really acting at compaction end.
High-strength composite materials based on aluminum reinforced by micro and nanostructures (mini review)
Authors: Konopatsky A. S. , Yusupov Kh. U. , Corthay C. , Matveev A. T. , Kovalskii A. M. , Shtansky D. V.
Published: December 2018

This mini review focuses on the analysis of the latest advances in the development of composite materials (CM) based on aluminum reinforced by micro and nanostructures. CM fabrication methods, different reinforcing additives (Al2O3, AlN, SiC, CuO, B4C, Li3N, C, BN) and their morphological types (nanotubes, nanoplates, micro and nanoparticles), and the structure and properties of CM are considered. The paper demonstrates the importance of theoretical modeling methods in studying the strength of interfaces in CM.
Prospects of nanotechnology and materials design on the basis of refractory compounds
Authors: Shabalin I. L.
Published: December 2018

As a matter of discussion, the prospects for the development of high-temperature ceramic materials science are considered. The paper provides a rationale for developing hetero-modulus ceramic composites as a possibility to implement the unique physicochemical properties of refractory compounds (carbides, nitrides, borides, etc.) under the conditions of their application at high and ultra-high temperatures. The prospects of nanotechnology-based approach to the preparation of similar materials in engineering practice are shown.
Effect of high-power ion beams on the surface topography and structure of submicrocrystalline titanium alloy subsurface layers
Authors: Zhidkov M. V. , Ligachev A. E. , Kolobov Yu. R. , Potemkin G. V. , Remnev G. E.
Published: December 2018

The study covers the topography and structural phase state of VT1-0 and VT6 submicrocrystalline titanium alloy subsurface layers irradiated by high power pulsed carbon ion beams (ion energy is 250 keV, pulse duration is ~100 ns, pulse current density is 150–200 A/cm2; surface energy density of a single pulse is j ~ 3 J/cm2 when irradiating VT1-0 titanium alloy samples and j ~ 1 J/cm2 when processing VT6 titanium alloy samples; pulse number is 1, 5, 10, and 50). The surface of samples was subjected to preliminary mechanical grinding and polishing before irradiation. It was shown that surface defects are formed on the surface of the alloys after irradiation, namely craters of different shapes and geometries with a diameter from fractions of a micron to 80–100 μm. At the same time, the grain structure in the subsurface layer becomes more homogeneous in terms of grain size and equiaxial properties. The initial state of titanium alloys is characterized by a fairly homogeneous structure with an average grain size of ~0,31 μm for VT1-0 and ~0,9 μm for VT6. After one irradiation pulse, grain growth to 0,54 μm in the transverse direction is observed in the subsurface layer of the VT1-0 alloy (j ~ 3 J/cm2), while grain size decreases to ~ 0,54 μm in the VT6 alloy (j ~ 1 J/cm2). After 50 pulses, the average grain size in the subsurface layer reaches ~2,2 μm for the VT1-0 alloy and ~1,6 μm for VT6. It should be noted that a rather uniform structure with equiaxed grains is formed as early as after treating with 1 high power ion beam pulse.
Hybrid technology combining electrospark alloying, cathodic arc evaporation and magnetron sputtering for hard wear-resistant coating deposition
Authors: Sheveyko A. N. , Kuptsov K. A. , Kiryukhantsev-Korneev Ph. V. , Levashov E. A. , Shtansky D. V.
Published: December 2018

The novel technology of multilayer coating deposition combining electric-spark alloying (ESA), pulsed arc evaporation (PAE), and magnetron sputtering (MS) in one vacuum process is presented. Layers can be deposited using a single electrode material at operating pressures from 0,1 Pa to atmospheric pressure. The lower ESA layer provides increased substrate toughness, perfect adhesion and a relatively high (up to 100 μm) coating thickness. The upper PAE or MS layer up to 10 μm in thickness provides high mechanical and tribological characteristics. The technology of double-layer PAE–ESA and MS–ESA coating deposition was tested on substrates made of structural and tool steels, titanium alloys using electrodes of cemented carbides (WC–Co, TiCNiAl) and carbon (low-porous graphite).
The strategy for the development of labor activity of staff the formation of the organizational culture of the enterprise
Authors: Saksina N. N. , Babenko S. A.
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to an urgent problem-the formation of the organizational culture of the enterprise, ensuring the achievement of a high level of labor activity of the staff. The author notes the importance and effectiveness of the application in the practice of personnel management of social and psychological management methods.

The article presents the conceptual framework, the distinctive feature of which is the use of the established and justified relationship of organizational culture with the categories of «socio-psychological climate» and «labor activity» of personnel in the valuable environment of the enterprise in the framework of the humanistic approach to personnel management. The formation of organizational culture is based on the achievement of the required (normative) correlation of signs of labor activity of the enterprise personnel with the values of its subjects. The normative model of organizational culture allows to evaluate the value environment of the enterprise with a statement of the type of labor activity of the personnel, the allocation of culture and climate zones in it, as well as to prepare effective management decisions on their adjustment.

To implement the author’s concept developed methodical providing of forming of organizational culture includes the set of classifiers of types of economic activity and values of constituent entities of the enterprise and a technique of an assessment of the value of the environment and of management decisions. The peculiarity of the development is their focus on the innovative type of labor activity of the staff as the most effective.

Results of approbation of methodical providing at the industrial enterprise which have received a positive assessment of the management are given. The proposed measures will improve the socio-psychological climate and strengthen the organizational culture.
Tendencies of innovative development of the Russian Federation
Authors: Ustinova L. N.
Published: December 2018

Today in Russia there is a definite situation in the field of innovative development, characterized by a number of distinctive features. In a dynamic environment of industrial production and entrepreneurship, the need for the formation and development of non-proprietary resources is beyond doubt. The dynamics of productivity growth, the development of new high-tech production systems, the growth of the patent base in enterprises, trends in innovative development in general in the sector of the economy and large-scale production.

The state of development of the economic system, depending on the structure of the innovation development of the subjects. At the same time, the innovative development of companies is manifested both in investments in advanced production technologies and in the production of high-tech products. The purpose of the scientific article is to analyze the innovative development in the Russian Federation.

The goal necessitated the following tasks:

1. To analyze the indirect indicator of innovation development – the volume of domestic expenditures on research and development in the context of country adaptability;

2. To analyze the innovation activity of organizations by districts of the Russian Federation;

3. To produce a factor analysis of indicators on the innovative development of the Russian Federation;

4. Formulate recommendations for improving innovation activities in Russia.

The article used modern methods and tools for integrated analysis based on the systematization and structuring of thematic material. So, in the article in which you will find information about what is happening in Russia.

The above studies have become conclusions and recommendations regarding the features of the innovative development of the Russian Federation, recommendations for improving innovation activities in the Russian Federation.

Significance is expressed in the practical possibility of using the results of research results.
Formation of intellectual property in the coal industry
Authors: Savon D. Yu.
Published: December 2018

The interest of Russian and foreign investors in the coal industry is great enough. In the Russian coal industry, it is necessary to invest mainly those investments that relate to highly innovative technologies and promote the introduction of innovative projects in the field of geological exploration, coal mining and processing. First of all, it concerns coal engineering, certain areas in the areas of coal processing and processing, innovative activity of the organization, complex of security measures and organization of coal mining.

It should be noted that with a common similarity in the direction of creative activity of domestic and foreign inventors vary considerably. Abroad, most of the patents apply to the construction of mining equipment with the simultaneous patenting of ways to use this design. In Russia, most of the patents protect the development methods intended for use in specific conditions of a certain deposit, as well as the methods of using certain equipment in different conditions.

The analysis of innovative activity of organizations of Russia in comparison with the EU countries was carried out, which showed that the share of organizations that carry out innovations: technological, marketing and organizational is much lower than in Western Europe. Basically, the patents received in Russia relating to the coal industry are aimed at underground methods of coal mining. The creative activity of domestic inventors is mainly aimed at improving the ways of using existing equipment.

Private companies (for coal mining and processing) without state involvement will not be able to modernize existing technologies and equipment in a short time. In this regard, the financing of innovative projects in the coal sector should be carried out within the framework of the public-private partnership for the implementation of large innovative projects of the coal business. Patents provide an opportunity to learn about current research and existing technology stocks of companies in various countries long before the advent of innovative products on the market and to avoid the risk of authors of development for obtaining a patent.
The conceptual model of the mechanism of formation of the potential of scientific knowledge used for the production of high-tech products and the mechanism of its evaluation
Authors: Sidorova E. Yu. , Kostyukhin Yu. Yu. , Shtansky V. A. , Chernovolenko S. E.
Published: December 2018

The main methodological problem in evaluating production efficiency and commercialization of high-tech products based on applied scientific organizations is a fair definition of the economic and commercial efficiency of high-tech production. To solve this problem, the article proposes a conceptual model of the mechanism for building the potential of scientific knowledge used for the production of high technology products and a mechanism for assessing the economic and commercial efficiency of high technology production. Thus, the conceptual model is presented in the form of nine stages, the main of which is the assessment of the economic and commercial efficiency of using the potential of scientific knowledge (new technologies for the demand for new products) and the valuation of the potential of scientific knowledge as a businessgenerating asset, based on the benefits they provide . At the same time, for the implementation of the fourth stage of the model, the article developed an assessment methodology that includes calculating the magnitude of the economic effect (profit and profitability) that the manufacturer of innovative products will receive, using the potential of scientific knowledge, as well as the share of the economic effect (profit) that manufacturers of innovative and high-tech products can be attributed to the potential of scientific knowledge.
Life and survival: sources of working capital of the Soviet and Russian economies
Authors: Ermilina D. A. , Borschevа A. V.
Published: December 2018

Working capital plays an important role in the economic life of the enterprise in particular and the prosperous development of the state as a whole. At the same time, they themselves have a heterogeneous structure: the ratio of own and borrowed funds in their composition can seriously affect the financial sustainability of economic entities and industries, the possibilities of their modernization and innovative development. The presence of a sufficient number of working capital allows the company to pursue an independent economic policy, while the loss of its own and borrowed working capital is fraught with the most serious consequences.

In modern conditions, the slowdown in economic growth, problems in the banking system, inflation, currency fluctuations lead to the fact that most enterprises, especially the manufacturing sector of the economy, have difficulty attracting working capital and managing it.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the structure of the sources of the working capital of the economy of the Soviet and post-Soviet periods. Within the framework of the goal, the article suggests a method for classifying all sources of working capital of the Russian economy into own and borrowed funds in order to conduct a comparative analysis of the structure of sources of circulating assets of the Soviet and Russian economies. When performing the study, the methods of system analysis, classification and generalization, logical and statistical analysis were used.

The article convincingly proved that the enterprises of the Russian economy are characterized by massive lack of working capital and a deep deformation of the structure of the sources of their formation. On the contrary, the structure of sources for the formation of working capital of the economy of the Soviet period is more balanced, as evidenced by the financial performance of that period. The absence in the foreseeable future of a comprehensive working capital management program will lead the Russian economy to even deeper degradation.
Cluster analysis of the companies of the oil industry for the parameters of the tax load
Authors: Filimonova I. V. , Eder L. V. , Provornaya I. V. , Komarova A. V.
Published: December 2018

The article analyzes the tax burden of oil companies for the period from 2010 to 2017 and with differentiation by types of taxes and the largest companies in the industry. The main stages of improving the taxation of the oil industry in Russia are singled out, with the identification of the goal and the main targets for reform. The role of oil and gas revenues (the tax on extraction of minerals and export customs duties) in the structure of federal budget revenues and the economy as a whole is shown. The methodical approaches of domestic authors to the determination of the tax burden have been studied. The authors proposed a methodology for determining the tax burden of companies, taking into account the specifics of taxation of the oil industry. Approbation of the methodology led to the conclusion that there has been a steady trend of reducing the tax burden of oil companies in recent years as a result of a change in the method of calculation and expansion of the spectrum of preferential categories of subsoil use objects. As part of the study, a factor analysis of company tax payments was carried out and key factors influencing their structure and dynamics were identified. The main factors that have influenced the increase in tax deductions are the growth of the dollar rate, an increase in the basic rate of the mineral extraction tax, an increase in the volume of oil production and export, and a decrease in the price of oil for a decrease. A quantitative assessment of the impact of these factors on changes in tax payments of companies is given. In conclusion, based on the calculations, the oil companies are divided into three clusters according to the tax burden indicators and recommendations are given.
The role and place of the procurement process in the functioning of the open innovation model of manufacturing company
Authors: Pleshchenko V. I.
Published: December 2018

To ensure competitiveness in the face of accelerating scientific and technological progress and the digitalisation of socio-economic processes the modern industrial companies should not be limited to internal environment during the process of search and implementation of innovative solutions. These enterprises are conducting an active search for new solutions in the open market and attracting external experts, using the communication potential of the World Wide Web. This model which called as «open innovation», has gained in popularity. Its use leads to the inevitable transformation of the existing business processes in the enterprise, one of which is the procurement process. Open innovation become a new stage in the development of the logistic function, already passed the way from the technical supply function to the procurement division gained the status of one of the key centers of cross-functional and inter-firm interaction on industrial enterprise. An important prerequisite for the success of open innovation, implemented jointly with our suppliers is the availability of long-term partnerships. The further evolution of the procurement function within the model of open innovation should lead to the integration of the procurement division to the acquisition of the results of intellectual activity, not only as a commercial service in company but as the operator of system of knowledge management and network crowd sourcing platform providing information and expert support to take management decisions on those or other innovative solutions offered by external suppliers. The formation of expert community is intended to reduce the risks associated with the procurement of obsolete intangible assets and the illegal use of the results of intellectual activity.
Overview of recent changes in the regulatory and legal framework in the sphere of state defense order
Authors: Luchinina O. G.
Published: December 2018

The paper considers problems of smalland medium-sized enterprises in placing on hold, opening and settling calculations and transactions against segregate accounts at Authorized banks as regards contract award with customers under the state defense order. The paper is relevant to both contractors of the state defense order and general contractors.

The paper is prepared on the basis of know-how and intended for industrial leaders, directors of economics and finances, students of faculties of economics, managers of production facilities.

Keeping in mind practical requirements, a current priority is the monitoring of the regulatory and legal framework in the sphere of state defense order resulting in the use of new (for Russian production facilities) techniques of value-for-money auditing in the state defense order supply chain.

The author has analyzed banking support of contracts in production facilities’ supply chain under the state defense order concluded by small- and mediumsized production companies: crucial points and specific features arising in payment of expenses from segregate banking accounts are brought to light. It is concluded that top managers and specialists of production facilities have to anticipate threats from changes in the regulatory framework, find ways and get away proposals for commercial, financial and business activity of the enterprise as well as the procedure and regulations for liaison between banks, suppliers and contractors in the state defense order supply chain.
Enhancement of process of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprise
Authors: Kolesnichenko E. A. , Bespalov M. V. , Radyukova Ya. Yu. , Sergeev D. V.
Published: December 2018

The research purpose consists in identification of features of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprise and development on this basis of recommendations about adaptation process enhancement. In the course of carrying out a research such methods of a research as were used: observation, questioning, selective observation, analysis, comparison, generalization, observation, questioning. In article types, methods and a role of adaptation of new employees in a personnel management system of industrial enterprise are researched. On materials of one of the largest industrial enterprises of the Tambov region features of the developed personnel management system are revealed, process of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprise is analysed and recommendations about enhancement of process of adaptation of new employees are developed. The complex of recommendations about enhancement of process of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprise became result of a research: including the instruction sheet for the new employee beginning to work in the organization; regulations on adaptation of employees in the organization which will provide a legal force of process of adaptation; the plan of adaptation of the new employees who are working directly in the sphere of production, including the actions which are directly connected with productive activity. The offered recommendations can be realized without financial investments. The practical importance of work consists in a possibility of use of developed recommendations about enhancement of process of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprises with a similar personnel management system and difficulties in case of adaptation of new employees.
The theoretical approaches to the research of the socio-oriented infrastructure of the region
Authors: Alpeeva E. A. , Merzlyakova E. A. , Sysoev A. V.
Published: December 2018

Social stability of society is one of the key indicators of the level of social and economic development of the state. The creation of a modern social-oriented infrastructure contributes to its achievement.

Three approaches are applied to the study of infrastructure: functional, material and sectoral. From the point of view of the functional approach, the infrastructure is identified with a set of conditions created in a certain space and stimulating the development of economic activity. The material approach allows considering the infrastructure as a set of structures, buildings, systems and services necessary for the process of reproduction. From the point of view of the branch approach, the infrastructure is a set of branches and types of activity that ensure the reproduction processes and conditions for the life activity of society.

At the regional level, it is proposed to understand the infrastructure of the region as an aggregate of material resources that ensure the production and social needs necessary for the realization of industrial and social ties. A socially-oriented infrastructure occupies a special place in the regional infrastructure system. The socially-orintered infrastructure is a set of material and material elements in ensuring social development. Their presence forms the conditions for the life of people and the system for the realization of basic needs. Its elements include health care, education, culture, sports and tourism.

Socially-oriented infrastructure of the region acts as an element of a large system of human and society activities associated with the development of the individual, his personality, the development and dissemination of culture, the development of various types of activities that are in greatest demand in the current socio-economic conditions.
Dennis R. Macdonald, Homeros Destanları ve Markos İncili
Authors: OKAN Mehmet Ata
Published: December 2018

Bir toplumun kadim tarihine ilişkin mitolojik

materyali sunan destanlar, söz konusu milletin olağanüstü tarihsel geçmişine

atıfta bulunur. Her

milletin kendine ait destanlarından söz edilebilir. Örnek mahiyetinde

Hintlilerin Mahabharata ve Ramayana destanları, Rusların İgor destanı ve

Yunanlıların Odysseia ve İlyada destanları zikredilebilir. Odysseia ve İlyada

destanları, Antik Yunan’da Homeros tarafından derlenen Yunan edebiyatının en

önemli ürünleridir. Yunan sözlü edebiyatının bir derlemesi olan bu destanlar;

tarih, coğrafya, edebiyat ve mitoloji gibi çeşitli konuları barındırmaktadır.

Mesela Homeros, Odysseia destanında, Truvalılar ile Yunanlılar arasında yapılan

Troya savaşından sonra ünlü Yunan komutanı Odysseus’un yaşadığı maceraları konu

edinmektedir. İlyada destanında ise Yunan halk kahramanları olan Akhilleus ve

Hektor’un birbirleriyle olan mücadelesini ve Hektor’un ölümünü konu

edinmektedir. Homeros, bu farklı konuları birbiri ile mezcedip, şiirsel bir

senaryo meydana getirerek tarih boyunca adından söz ettirmiş ve birçok kişiyi

etkilemiştir. Etkilediği ilginç kişiler arasında ilk İncil yazarı Markos da yer

almaktadır.
KARA KİTAP’TA İDELEŞTİRME YAHUT ÖZGÜR VE ERGİN OLMA SORUNU
Authors: ÖCAL Oğuz
Published: December 2018

Öz: Orhan Pamuk’un Kara Kitap’ı, insan varlığını tehdit
eden unsuru, ideleştirememe yahut ergin ve özgür olmama durumu olarak görünüşe
çıkaran bir romandır. Bir kavram olarak ideleştirme, insanın kendisinden veya
dünyadan kaynaklanan herhangi bir olumsuz hususu, anlamlandırıp aşması ve bir
kararlılık durumuna ulaşması demektir. Aynı zamanda içinde olunan bir durumun
ismi de olan ideleştirme, farkında olunsun ya da olunmasın, daima mümkün bir olanağı
sorumlu bir şekilde gerçekleştirmeyi içerdiği için, özgür ve ergin olmanın açılımlarından
birisidir. Dolayısıyla ideleştirme, özgür ve ergin olma; özgür ve ergin olma
ise ideleştirme demektir. İdeleştirmenin insan için en dikkate değer başarısı
ise iç içe geçtiği özgür ve ergin olma ile birlikte varoluşun yolunu açan
başlangıç nitelikli cesur kararların alınmasını kolaylaştırabilmesidir. Bir
diğer ifade ile insan, anlamlandırabildiği kadar insandır. Özgür ve ergindir.

Kısaca bu şekilde sınırlayabileceğimiz
ideleştirme durumu, genellikle insanların sözleri ve eylemleriyle görünüşe
çıkar. Bu fenomen Kara Kitap’ta ise
asıl kişi Galip’in bizzat kendisine ve insanlara ait gerçeklikle
karşılaşmasıyla açılan olanaklarını kapatması şeklinde kendisini gösterir. Bu
yazıda ele alınacak olan Kara Kitap, yukarıdaki
iddianın kurucu unsuru olan ideleştirme, özgür ve ergin olma kavramları
bağlamında ele alınıp değerlendirilmiştir.
İŞKODRA VİLAYETİNDE İLKÖĞRETİM OKULLARININ SAYI VE İSİMLERİNİN TESPİTİ
Authors: Erken İlkay
Published: December 2018

Osmanlı
Devletinde eğitim alanındaki ıslahatlara özellikle Tanzimat sonrasında hız
verilir. Bunda, idarecilerin batı ile mukayese edildiğinde devletin içinde
buluduğu durumu iyileştirmeye yönelik girişimlerinin rolü vardır. Vilayetlerde
Osmanlı Devleti’nin kontrolü altındaki ilköğretim okullarının sayı ve
niteliğinin arttırılması çabası bu girişimlerin başında gelmektedir. Eğitimin
ilk kademesi bulunan okullar ise bu girişimlerin sıklıkla görüldüğü yerlerdir. Eğitim
alanındaki iyileştirme çabalarının hissedildiği vilayetlerden birisi de
İşkodra’dır. Arnavutluk’un engebeli arazisinin yoğun olduğu kuzey kısmını
kapsayan İşkodra vilayetinde gayrimüslimlerin yoğunluğu dikkat çekmektedir.
Üstelik bu coğrafyada Osmanlı vatandaşlarının devam ettiği ecnebi ve
gayrimüslim okulları da hayli fazladır. Bu açıdan Osmanlı Devleti’nin İşkodra
vilayetinde ilköğretim düzeyindeki okulların sayısını çoğaltmaya dair
girişimleri dikkat çeker. Ancak bu süreçte açılan okulların sayıları ile
açıldıkları yerlerin tespiti güçtür. Bunun temel nedeni bahsedilen okulların
kaynaklarda genellikle isimleriyle birlikte verilmemeleridir. Okulların
bulundukları yerler sadece idari birim dahilindeki sayılardan ibarettir. Bir
diğer husus ise Osmanlı kaynaklarında mevcut ve yeni kurulan okulların sayı,
isim ve bulundukları yerlerin topluca verilmemesidir. Bu nedenle vilayet
dahilindeki okulların sayı ve mevkilerine dair açıklamalarda kaynakların birlikte
değerlendirilmesi ihtiyacı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada İşkodra vilayetindeki
ilk kademe okulların sayı ve isimlerinin tespitine çalışılmıştır.
Yayın Tanıtımı: Bir Güneş Avcısı Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar
Authors: Haykır Tayfun
Published: December 2018

Bu yazıda Bir Güneş Avcısı Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar adlı kitap tanıtılmıştır.
Cemal Kurnaz (2018), Bir Köy Vardı
Authors: Evirgen Arife Ece
Published: December 2018

.
Türkiye’de Finansal Gelişme ve Enerji Tüketimi İlişkisi: Bir Zaman Serisi Kanıtı
Authors: ÇETİN Murat
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışma, finansal gelişme ile enerji tüketimi arasındaki ilişkiyi
Türkiye örneğinde 1980-2015 döneminde ekonomik büyüme ve kentleşmeyi enerji
tüketimi modeline dahil ederek incelemektedir. ARDL sınır testi, yapısal
kırılmalar altında finansal gelişme, ekonomik büyüme, kentleşme ve enerji
tüketimi arasında bir uzun dönem ilişkisinin varlığını göstermektedir. DOLS
tahmin sonuçlarına göre; enerji tüketimi sırasıyla kentleşme ve finansal
gelişme tarafından belirlenmektedir. Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik analizi,
finansal gelişmeden enerji tüketimine doğru işleyen bir nedenselliğin varlığını
göstermektedir. İlaveten, ekonomik büyüme ve kentleşmeden enerji tüketimine
doğru işleyen bir nedenselliğe rastlanmamıştır. Sonuçlar, Türkiye için bazı
politika eğilimleri ortaya koyabilmektedir.
HİTİTLERDEN ETKİLENEN ÖNCÜ ÇAĞDAŞ TÜRK SERAMİK SANATÇILARI
Authors: KÖPÜKLÜ Mutlu
Published: December 2018

Sanatçı
içinde yaşadığı toplumun bir parçası olduğu gibi aynı zamanda içinde yaşadığı
coğrafyanın da bir parçasıdır. Yaşadığı coğrafyadan beslenir ve o toprakların
kendine sunduğu kültürel donelerden harekete geçer. İşte bu nedenle sanatçının
içinde bulunduğu coğrafyanın tarihi ve kültürel mirasından ayrı kalması düşünülemez.  Diğer alanlardaki Çağdaş Türk Sanatçılarında
olduğu gibi, Anadolu Yarımadası binlerce yıllık kadim tarihi ve kültürel mirasıyla
birçok Çağdaş Türk Seramik Sanatçısının da yaşam ve sanat alanı olagelmiştir. Bu
kadim tarihin önemli bir kimliği ise “Hititler”
dir. Hitit Kültür ve Medeniyeti Çağdaş Türk Seramik Sanatçılarına önemli bir
kapı açmış, böylece bu kültürel mirastan kendi paylarına düşeni alan
sanatçılar, kendi üslup ve usulleri ile özgün ve çok değerli seramik eserler
ortaya koymuşlardır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de bugünkü “Çağdaş Seramik Sanatı” nın gelişiminde önemli bir rol oynayan “Öncü Çağdaş Türk Seramik Sanatçıları ve Eserleri”
incelenmiştir. Böylece bugünkü Çağdaş Türk Seramik Sanatının başlangıç
aşamalarına ve geçirdiği evrelere dikkat çekilmek istenmiştir.