bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative and technological factors of construction development in difficult macroeconomic conditions
Authors: Oborin Matvey
Published: December 2020

Currently, Russia faces the problem of improving the state economy and its transition to an innovative development path. The achievement of strategic goals and objectives of socioeconomic development depends on the innovative and technological state of construction as a fundamental branch of material production. Innovative development of construction is associated with three key areas: technologies, materials, and processes. The study addresses the main factors of stimulating and limiting the sustainable growth of this type of activity, explore the main trends of innovative development of construction based on the analysis of domestic and foreign experience. The author analyzes the indicators of Russia’s construction industry for 2014–2018 and identifies the main problems that negatively affect the consistency of the innovation process It is concluded that the need for intensive innovative and technological development of the Russian construction complex is due to the need to solve many important socio-economic problems, including: insufficient provision of affordable, comfortable and safe housing for the population; a high level of wear and tear of municipal infrastructure; low quality of housing and utilities; the negative impact of outdated technologies on the environment; low productivity growth in the construction industry. Finally, the author offers a model of innovative development of construction in Russia’s regions based on qualitative feedback between different forms and levels of management for effective solutions and synergetic effect in the economy of the subjects of the Russian Federation.
Árboles nativos importantes para la conservación de la biodiversidad
Authors: Espinosa Rocío , López Andrés Mauricio
Published: December 2020

El trabajo de investigación y compilación de la información ha sido realizado por los profesionales Rocío Espinosa y Andrés Mauricio López de Cenicafé, quienes, mediante observación directa y entrevistas con 58 personas, han logrado organizar la información que se presenta en esta publicación. Esperamos que este documento contribuya con la divulgación del conocimiento que existe sobre estas 22 especies, todas ellas importantes para las estrategias de conservación de biodiversidad en paisajes productivos de la zona cafetera y, que incentive y brinde las herramientas necesarias para aquellos que quieran propagarlas.
A simple method for solving matrix equations $ AXB = D $ and $ GXH = C $
Authors: Zhang Huiting ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China, Zhang Hairui , Liu Lina , Yuan Yongxin
Published: December 2020

A simple method to solve the common solution to the pair of linear matrix equations $ AXB = D $ and $ GXH = C $ is introduced. Some necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a common solution, and two expressions for the general common solution of the equation pair are provided by the proposed method. Subsequently, the results are applied to determine the solution of the matrix equation $ AXB+GYH = D $ and the Hermitian solution of the matrix equation $ AXB = D. $
Susana Muñoz, ympressora de los libros de musica, y el Libro de canto de misas y magnificas y motetes y una salue (Salamanca, 1620) de Diego de Bruceña
Authors: Noone Michael
Published: December 2020

Entre sus muchos tesoros, la Catedral de Miranda do Douro en el distrito de Bragança en Portugal alberga el único ejemplar conocido del libro de polifonía de Diego de Bruceña (Salamanca: Antonio Vázquez, 1620). Este libro de coro conserva el conjunto más significativo de las obras de un compositor cuyas composiciones se pensaba que estaban casi completamente perdidas. El estudio detenido del libro de coro nos permite elaborar una comprensión más detallada y matizada de la impresión de la música sacra, y especialmente de los libros de coro polifónicos, en la Salamanca de las primeras décadas del siglo XVII. Un papel central en la impresión del libro de coro lo desempeñó Susana Muñoz, una emprendedora mujer de negocios que, a través de sucesivos matrimonios estratégicos con figuras clave del floreciente comercio de la imprenta de Salamanca, mantuvo una imprenta que en el período 1602-1625 emitió más de 120 títulos. Este artículo aprovecha el 400 aniversario de la producción del libro de coro para introducir esta colección de Bruceña en el contexto más amplio de la impresión musical en Salamanca en el período 1607-1620, y para esbozar los contornos más amplios de la contribución de Susana Muñoz y sus tres maridos.
Role of Social Media in Hospital Branding
Authors: Nayal Preeti , Pandey Neeraj
Published: December 2020

The fierce competition in the healthcare sector has forced the hospitals to go for branding. The hospitals have various options like print, radio, TV, and digital media for conducting their brand management exercise. The analysis showed that the best hospitals around the globe have focused more on social media marketing for their brand-building exercise. This study conducted a rigorous structured literature review to understand the best practices for healthcare branding using social media tools. The study also conducted a benchmark analysis of social media marketing efforts of the leading global hospitals. It also analyzed the popular online healthcare communities to find the best social media marketing practices adopted for hospital brand building. The practical suggestions for how to leverage the various social media channels for better hospital brand building have also been highlighted.
Challenges for Convergence of Cloud and IoT in Applications and Edge Computing
Authors: S. Rashmi , S. Roopashree , V. Sathiyamoorthi
Published: December 2020

Cloud computing and internet of things (IoT) are two disparate technologies that can be united for a common purpose as in an operating profit. The technologies are integral parts of modern sophisticated human life. In the future, it is destined to proliferate boundlessly covering utmost spheres. This chapter describes the challenges faced in adopting the two technologies. Edge computing includes both computing and processing the information are carried at the edge of the IoT devices where vast information gathered instead of relying on the central location. Benefits include avoiding latency issues, improving the performance of the application, and cost effectiveness as it reduces the data volume to be processed in cloud/centralized location. In the advent of IoT devices, edge computing is a vital step in building any of its application which sends and receives enormous information to and from the cloud over the course of operations. Applications such as virtual reality and smart systems are benefited by edge computing as they expect higher rate of response and processing speed. A case study on video surveillance is done in this chapter.
Advanced Predictive Analytics for Control of Industrial Automation Process
Authors: Bhogaraju Sai Deepthi , Kumar Korupalli V Rajesh , P. Anjaiah , Shaik Jaffar Hussain , K. Reddy Madhavi
Published: December 2020

The recent evolution of the fourth industrial revolution is Industry 4.0, projecting the enhancement of the technology, development, and trends towards the smart processing of the automation in industries. The advancements in communication and connectivity are the major source for the Industrial IoT (IIoT). It collaborates all the industrial functional units to work under a single control channel, digital quantification analytic methods deployment for the prediction of machinery, sensors, monitoring systems, control systems, products, workers, managers, locations, suppliers, and customers. In addition to IIoT, AI methods are also playing a vital role in predictive modeling and analytic methods for the assessment, control, and development of rapid production, from the industries. Other side security issues are challenging the development, concerning all the factors digitalization processes of the industries need to move forward. This chapter focuses on IIoT core concepts, applications, and key challenges to enhance the industrial automation process.
Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Goundar Sam , Bhardwaj Akashdeep , Nur Safiya Shameeza , Kumar Shonal S. , Harish Rajneet
Published: December 2020

This chapter focused on the importance and influence of industrial internet of things (IIoT) and the way industries operate around the world and the value added for society by the internet-connected technologies. Industry 4.0 and internet of things (IoT)-enabled systems where communication between products, systems, and machinery are used to improve manufacturing efficiency. Human operators' intervention and interaction is significantly reduced by connecting machines and creating intelligent networks along the entire value chain that can communicate and control each other autonomously. The difference between IoT and IIoT is that where consumer IoT often focuses on convenience for individual consumers, industrial IoT is strongly focused on improving the efficiency, safety, and productivity of operations with a focus on return on investment. The possibilities with IIoT is unlimited, for example, smarter and more efficient factories, greener energy generation, self-regulating buildings that optimize energy consumption, smart cities that can adjust traffic patterns to respond to congestion.
Visualising Ethics Through Hypertext
Authors: Garcia Domenic
Published: December 2020

Ethics has always been a main domain of philosophical study. Hypertextual discursive expression has never been considered as the technology that can revolutionise the way we interpret ethical events and actions. This chapter intends to show that hypertextual discursive expression is not only useful, but also vital in any undertaking that seeks to reframe our ethical deliberations and judgements. The final objective is to convey the message that technology is becoming ever more essential in transforming philosophical thinking.
Advances in Laser Scanners
Authors: Lindner Lars , Sergiyenko Oleg , Rivas-Lopez Moisés , Flores-Fuentes Wendy , Rodríguez-Quiñonez Julio C. , Hernandez-Balbuena Daniel , Murrieta-Rico Fabian N. , Ivanov Mykhailo
Published: December 2020

One focus of present chapter is defined by the further development of the technical vision system (TVS). The TVS mainly contains two principal parts, the positioning laser (PL) and the scanning aperture (SA), which implement the optomechanical function of the dynamic triangulation. Previous versions of the TVS uses stepping motors to position the laser beam, which leads to a discrete field of view (FOV). Using stepping motors, inevitable dead zones arise, where 3D coordinates cannot be detected. One advance of this TVS is defined by the substitution of these discrete actuators by DC motors to eliminate dead zones and to perform a continuous laser scan in the TVS FOV. Previous versions of this TVS also uses a constant step response as closed-loop input. Thereby the chapter describes a new approach to position the TVS laser ray in the FOV, using a trapezoidal velocity profile as trajectory.
Methods of Reception and Signal Processing in Machine Vision Systems
Authors: Strelkova Tatyana , Strelkov Alexander I. , Kartashov Vladimir M. , Lytyuga Alexander P. , Kalmykov Alexander S.
Published: December 2020

The chapter covers development of mathematical model of signals in optoelectronic systems. The mathematical model can be used as a base for detection algorithm development for optical signal from objects. Analytical expressions for mean values and signal and noise components dispersion are cited. These expressions can be used for estimating efficiency of the offered algorithm by the criterion of detection probabilistic characteristics and criterion of signal/noise relation value. The possibility of signal detection characteristics improvement with low signal-to-noise ratio is shown. The method is proposed for detection of moving objects and combines correlation and threshold methods, as well as optimization of the interframe processing of the sequence of analyzed frames. This method allows estimating the statistical characteristics of the signal and noise components and calculating the correlation integral when detecting moving low-contrast objects. The proposed algorithm for detecting moving objects in low illuminance conditions allows preventing the manifestation of the blur effect.
Reducing the Optical Noise of Machine Vision Optical Scanners for Landslide Monitoring
Authors: Miranda-Vega Jesús Elias , Rivera-Castillo Javier , Rivas-López Moisés , Flores-Fuentes Wendy , Sergiyenko Oleg , Rodríguez-Quiñonez Julio C. , Hernández-Balbuena Daniel
Published: December 2020

An application of landslide monitoring using optical scanner as vision system is presented. The method involves finding the position of non-coherent light sources located at strategic points susceptible to landslides. The position of the light source is monitored by measuring its coordinates using a scanner based on a 45° sloping surface cylindrical mirror. This chapter shows experiments of position light source monitoring in laboratory environment. This work also provides improvements for the optical scanner by using digital filter to smooth the opto-electronic signal captured from a real environment. The results of these experiments were satisfactory by implementing the moving average filter and median filter.
Towards Smart Traffic Planning by Traffic Simulation on Microscopic Level
Authors: Šinko Simona , Gumzej Roman
Published: December 2020

In this paper the consequences of road closures considering the introduction of a smart city solution, namely traffic simulation on micro level, are analyzed. The use-case comes from the city of Maribor in Slovenia with about 100 thousand inhabitants. To perform the analyses, the open source road traffic simulation package SUMO (simulation of urban mobility) has been employed to analyze the effects of the introduction of traffic regulations in real environment. Using it by experts in a plan-do-check-act loop, multiple scenarios with lesser impact of traffic regulations, as opposed to ad-hoc scenarios usually employed (e.g., for road works, events, etc.), can be considered and the best one chosen, leading to a smart city solution.
Acquisition Issues in Cybersecurity
Authors: Lanzendorfer Quinn
Published: December 2020

Government cybersecurity organizations have faced unique challenges in the last decade. With the release of Executive Order 13636 in 2013, an otherwise amorphous domain of warfare matured quickly and began to take shape in the areas of information sharing, industry relations, and various areas of management. This study seeks to fill a gap that currently exists in scholarly research in the areas of acquisition and program management in cybersecurity. Using the innovative e-Delphi electronic method to collect qualitative and quantitative data from experts, this study explores the contractual complexity, intellectual property, and risk management aspects of the U.S. Government and industry relationship in cybersecurity organizations.
Identity Theft
Authors: Helser Susan , Hwang Mark I.
Published: December 2020

Identity theft is a serious crime growing rapidly due to the ever-tighter integration of technology into people's lives. The psychological and financial loss to individual victims is devastating, and its costs to society at large staggering. In order to better understand the problem and to combat the crime more effectively, a comprehensive review of issues related to identity theft is performed in this paper. The human element of the crime is examined, along with the exploits used by perpetrators and countermeasures that have been developed. The findings highlight areas in need of continued research and guidelines that should benefit individuals and organizations in their pursuit of potential solutions.
Investigating the Opportunities to Improve the Thermal Performance of a Case Study Building in London
Authors: Yousefi Yasin , Gratton Petra , Sarwar Dilshad
Published: December 2020

This study was carried out to investigate the opportunities of improving thermal performance by focusing on envelope effects of a building located in London. Firstly, through a broad literature review of the previous conducted case studies, an investigation of all the building envelope aspects and parameters influencing the thermal performance of the building was conducted to provide critical information of thermal performance of the envelope components within the UK buildings. Then, onsite measurements were carried out to obtain the building's base case heating load using the standard CIBSE GUIDE A 2017 heat load calculation methodology. Neglecting thermal bridging in the heating calculation showed 8% reduction in the building's total heating load. Also, 17% reduction in energy consumption and CO2 emissions was achieved by applying polyurethane-foam and polystyrene-boards as cavity and external wall insulations, respectively. Moreover, the effect of applying both insulation in the energy consumption, CO2 emissions, cost and payback period analysis was analysed.
Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Seed Germination in Walla Patta (Gyrinops walla)
Authors: Dharmasena K. P. S. S. , Arunakumara K. K. I. U.
Published: December 2020

Walla patta (Gyrinops walla Gaertn.) belongs to family Thymelaeaceae, is a valuable endemic plant in Sri Lanka. Recently, this species has become a topic of wide interest due to its ability to produce highly valuable agarwood resin. Commercial cultivation of the species is yet to start, thus natural habitats are tremendously under pressure due to illegal harvest. The seeds of G. walla are recalcitrant and loose the viability within a shorter period of time. Due to the limited availability of information, the present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of plant growth regulators on seed germination. The experiment was conducted in a protected plant house at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna from September 2019 to January 2020. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with three replicates. The influence of gibberellic acid (GA3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and indol-3-butyric acid (IBA) at 800 ppm, 1000 ppm, and 1200 ppm concentrations on seed germination of the G. walla were investigated. Seeds soaked in nine different hormone solutions for 24 hours were placed in disinfected sand media and germinations were recorded daily up to 60 days. Seeds treated with water served as the control. Final germination percentage, mean germination time, mean daily germination, germination rate index and average time taken to start the germination were recorded. Hormone treatments except IBA at 1000 ppm, significantly increased (p<0.05) the seed germination, when compared with the control. GA3 at 1200 ppm showed the highest (65%) germination followed by IAA at 1000 ppm (53.33%) and 800 ppm (50%). GA3 treatments showed a significantly (p<0.05) faster germination rate than IAA and IBA. Based on the results, GA3 at 1200 ppm can be recommended to enhance the seed germination of G. walla.
Effect of Protease Supplementation on Growth Performances, Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of Broiler Chicken Fed with Low Protein Diets
Authors: Sumanasekara T. D. L. M. , Nayananjalie W. A. D. , Ang L. , Kumari M. A. A. P.
Published: December 2020

The effect of feeding low dietary crude protein (CP) with different levels of supplemental protease enzyme on commercial broilers was investigated. Three-hundred broiler chicks were divided into five treatments with six replicates in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets were positive control (recommended CP levels, T1), negative control (level of CP reduced by 5%, T2), negative control + 300 g t-1 protease (T3), negative control + 400 g t-1 protease (T4) and negative control + 500 g t-1 protease (T5). Growth, blood serum, carcass quality and meat quality parameters were measured. Data were analysed using one-way Analysis of Variance. The highest live weight (2.86 ± 0.07 kg), weight gain (2.66 ± 0.05 kg) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (1.84 ± 0.06) were observed in birds fed with T5. There was no influence of treatments (p>0.05) on NH3 emission from litter, dressing percentage, meat quality and blood serum parameters. The feed cost per producing 1 kg of live weight and sellable carcass weight was significantly low (p<0.05) in T5. Thus, it can be concluded that low protein diets supplemented with protease enzyme at 500 g t-1 support better growth performances in broiler chicken with a lower cost of production.
Recorridos migratorios de mujeres vinculados con el trabajo agrícola en Mendoza (Argentina)
Authors: Linardelli María Florencia
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se analizan los recorridos migratorios de mujeres bolivianas y provenientes del noroeste argentino que trabajan en el agro de Mendoza, Argentina, desde un enfoque etnográfico apoyado especialmente en relatos de vida. El trabajo de campo de la investigación fue realizado entre 2014 y 2018 en la localidad mendocina de Ugarteche, poblado dinamizado por la actividad agrícola y receptor de migrantes. A lo largo del trabajo se examinan las dimensiones que intervienen en sus recorridos migratorios, las características de los itinerarios realizados, las condiciones de vida y la forma en que la división sexual del trabajo interviene en estas movilidades. Los hallazgos indican que la articulación de labores productivas y reproductivas estructura un continuo de trabajo que modela los recorridos migratorios de las trabajadoras del agro.
Audit and Feedback in emergency: a systematic review and an Italian project to investigate and improve quality of care
Authors: Licata Sabrina , Tullio Annarita , Valent Francesca
Published: December 2020

The Audit and Feedback process (AandF) is commonly accepted as a good way to improve quality in health care, also in Emergency Departments (ED), where health aspects and pathologies are very different, usually acute and highly complex. Within an Italian Ministry of Health research project called EASY-NET, we conducted a systematic review of literature on AandF in EDs from 2014 to December 2019 to evaluate the impact of this approach in a particular setting where time-dependent indicators are fundamental. We selected 24 articles: 9 about infective pathologies (i.e. antibiotic stewardship), 6 about cardiovascular acute emergencies (i.e. cardiac arrest), 2 about stroke, 3 about laboratory tests, and 4 about other fields (i.e. diabetic ketoacidosis or use of prothrombin complex). Most of articles proposed a multimodal approach: only 7 concerned AandF alone. Despite the wide range on interventions modality and the poor comparability of the considered studies, the results are encouraging and confirm the importance to implement AandF both in emergency and in other clinical settings.
Peripheral Intravenous Cannula Usage in the Emergency Department
Authors: Stanley Adam K , Barnett-Vanes Ashton , Reed Matthew J
Published: December 2020

Over a billion Peripheral Intra-Venous Cannulas (PIVC) are used globally every year with at least 25 million sold annually in the UK.1,2 The NHS spends an estimated £29m of its annual acute sector budget on PIVC procurement3 and around 70% of all hospitalised patients require at least one PIVC during their stay.4 Despite their extensive and routine use, PIVC failure rates are reported as high as 50-69%.5-7 In addition, many PIVCs remain unused following insertion, particularly in the Emergency Department (ED).8,9 The risk factors for PIVC failure are not well understood and the literature has found extensive regional variation in practice when it comes to PIVC insertion and management.1,7,10 While various technologies have been developed to address these issues, there remains a need for standardised, evidence-based guidelines.
Platelet indices as prognostic markers in the critically ill patient
Authors: J. Yadav Anusha , Mohammed Aslam Shaikh
Published: December 2020

Platelet indices such as mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet (PLT) count, plateletcrit (PCT), and platelet distribution width (PDW) describe platelet morphology and proliferation kinetics. Our study aimed to evaluate the utility of platelet indices as prognostic markers in critically ill patients. This was an observational, descriptive study conducted on 106 critically ill adults for 24 months in the Medical Intensive Care Units of a tertiary care hospital. Analysis of the data was done using statistical software R version 3.6.0 and MS Excel. The mean age of patients was 42.3±5.8 years. Non-survivors had lower PLT count and PCT when compared to survivors. PDW and MPV were higher for non-survivors when compared to survivors. PLT count of <90,000 cells/cu mm displayed the highest sensitivity (94%), while PDW demonstrated the highest specificity (96%) in predicting mortality among critically ill patients. Abnormally low PLT count, high PDW, and high MPV values are associated with severe illness and put the patients at high risk of death as compared to patients with normal PLT indices.
Outcomes of Embedded Athletic Training Services Within United States Air Force Basic Military Training
Authors: Fisher Reid , Esparza Shandra , Nye Nathaniel S. , Gottfredson Ryan , Pawlak Mary T. , Cropper Thomas Leo , Casey Theresa , Tchandja Juste , de la Motte Sarah J. , Webber Bryant J.
Published: December 2020

Context

Musculoskeletal injury is the leading cause of attrition from military training.

Objective

To assess the effect of an embedded athletic training musculoskeletal care model within a basic military training unit.

Design

Cluster randomized trial.

Setting

United States Air Force Basic Military Training, Joint Base San Antonio—Lackland.

Patients or Other Participants

Military recruits randomly assigned to 1 of 3 training squadrons, 2 control and 1 experimental, between January 2016 and December 2018.

Intervention(s)

A sports medicine care model was established in 1 squadron by embedding 2 certified athletic trainers overseen by a sports medicine fellowship-trained physician. The athletic trainers diagnosed and coordinated rehabilitation as the primary point of contact for recruits and developed interventions with medical and military leadership based on injury trends.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Recruit attrition from basic training due to a musculoskeletal injury. Secondary outcomes were all-cause attrition, on-time graduation, rates of lower extremity injury and stress fracture, rates of specialty care appointments, and fiscal costs.

Results

Recruits in the athletic training musculoskeletal care arm experienced 25% lower musculoskeletal-related attrition (risk ratio = 0.75 [95% CI = 0.64, 0.89]) and 15% lower all-cause attrition (risk ratio = 0.85 [95% CI = 0.80, 0.91]), translating to a net saving of more than $10 million. The intervention reduced the incidence of lower extremity stress fracture by 16% (rate ratio = 0.84 [95% CI = 0.73, 0.97]).

Conclusions

An embedded athletic training musculoskeletal care model outperformed usual care across operational, medical, and fiscal outcomes.
Drag Reduction with Biopolymer-Synthetic Polymer Mixtures in Oil-Water Flows: Effect of Synergy
Authors: Edomwonyi-Otu Lawrence Chukwuka , Gimba Muhammed Muhammed , Yusuf Nurudeen
Published: December 2020

The search for lower cost materials that reduce pressure drop in fluid transport systems in oil and gas industries to conserve pumping energy is of paramount importance. Polymers are known to reduce pressure drop in pipeline oil-water flows in a process referred to as drag reduction (DR). The effect of partially hydrolysed polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, Aloe Vera mucilage and their mixtures as drag reducing polymers (DRPs) on pressure gradient (pressure drop; Δp) in pipeline oil-water flows were studied. The experiment was carried out in flow rig with 0.02-m diameter straight unplasticised polyvinylchloride (uPVC) pipe, two centrifugal pumps, control valves and two storage tanks. Tap water (ρ = 997 kg/m3 and µ = 0.89 cP) and diesel (ρ = 832 kg/m3 and µ = 1.66 cP) were used as the test fluid at ambient condition. The polymer mixture total concentration (MTC) of 30 and 400 ppm at different mixing proportion, mixture Reynolds number (Remix) and oil input volume were investigated. The results show increase in pressure gradient with increase in oil input volume in both single-phase water flow and oil-water flow before adding drag reducing polymers (DRPs). However, Δp decreased after adding DRPs with increase in Reynolds number (Re) or Remix and decrease in the oil-phase Re, and vice versa. The results further showed higher reduction in pressure drop by the polymer mixture than in each of the polymer used at the same conditions. The rigidness of the biopolymer was improved by adding synthetic polymers which resulted to increase in DR efficiency.
Coupling Wastewater Treatment with Microalgae Biomass Production: Focusing on Biomass Generation and Treatment Efficiency
Authors: Padri Mohamad , Boontian Nittaya , Piasai Chatlada , Phorndon Thunchanok
Published: December 2020

Combination of suitable algae species with wastewater condition is important to achieve high productivity of algae with remarkable removal of contaminants. However, the usage of algae in treating wastewater has not yet to show sufficient removal efficiency when the biomass productivity is extremely enhanced. This review aims to scrutinize and discuss: (1) several promising species for this coupling method; (2) main wastewater characteristics related to the microalgae biomass production and their removal efficiency; (3) metal occurrences and other biotic factors; and (4) constraint of microalgae biomass production and wastewater treatment process. Microalgae such as Chlorella, Spirulina and Scenedesmus are among the most utilized microalgae because of their utilities. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP) concentrations affect biomass yield of algae cultivation. Metals occurrences, light intensity and carbon dioxide availability play an important role in process of algae cultivation with diverse optimum levels of each factor. Sufficient but not excess concentration of N and P solely for building biomass and other metabolism activities, mixotrophic condition for algae to digest organic carbon, and heavy metals defense mechanisms are expected to address constraint of biomass generation demand and wastewater treatment efficiency.
A Multi-Objective Variable Neighborhood Search Algorithm for Precast Production Scheduling
Authors: Lehuang Zong , Kongkaew Wanatchapong
Published: December 2020

In real life, precast production schedulers face the challenges of creating a reasonable schedule to satisfy multiple conflicting objectives. Practical constraints and objectives encountered in the precast production scheduling problem (PPSP) were addressed, with the goal to minimize makespan and total earliness and tardiness penalties. A multi-objective variable neighborhood search (MOVNS) algorithm was proposed and the performance was tested on 11 problem instances. Ten of these were generated using precast concrete production information taken from the literature. One real industrial problem from a precast concrete company was considered as a case study. Extensive experiments were conducted, and the spread and distance metrics were used to evaluate the quality of the non-dominated solutions set. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the result was statistically convincing. Computational results showed that the proposed MOVNS algorithm was significantly better when compared to the other nine algorithms. Therefore, the proposed MOVNS algorithm was a very competitive method for the considered PPSP.
Sustainability Indicators to Assess Infrastructure Projects: Sector Disclosure to Interlock with the Global Reporting Initiative
Authors: Ferrarez Ricardo Prata Fernandes , Vargas Ricardo Viana , Alvarenga Jeferson Carvalho , Chinelli Christine Kowal , Costa Mariana de Almeida , de Oliveira Bernardo Lino , Haddad Assed Naked , Soares Carlos Alberto Pereira
Published: December 2020

Infrastructure projects have great potential to impact the sustainability of cities due to typically being large-sized projects and having a high level of intervention. Thus, evaluating the sustainability of these projects through sustainability reports is highly relevant, mainly regarding their impacts on the environment, public health, and the local economy. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) is the most widespread and internationally accepted Sustainability report tool. However, the GRI does not have an infrastructure sector disclosure. This research addresses this gap by providing a sustainability assessment instrument for infrastructure projects that interlocks with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). An extensive and detailed literature review was conducted, identifying 97 potential indicators to measure the sustainability of infrastructure projects. These indicators were evaluated following a top-down approach, conducting a survey of professionals experienced in the relevant field using Lawshe's content validity ratio. The results showed that 42 indicators were validated as essential, with 21 of them, not specifically related to infrastructure projects, already covered by the standard disclosure of the GRI. This assessment enabled the proposal of a sector disclosure formed by 21 new indicators related to the environmental, economic, and social dimensions. This study closes a gap in the evaluation of the sustainability of infrastructure projects and contributes to the discussion about sustainability indicators in infrastructure projects.
Cystic fibrosis microbiome: analysis of nasal middle meatus and sputum in different lung disease stages
Authors: Maestrali F.G.O. , Pilan R.R.M. , Athanazio R. , Sparvoli L.G. , Cortez R.V. , Taddei C.R. , Voegels R.L.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Culture independent methods of molecular detection of microbiome have shown the polymicrobial nature of respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis, with pathogenic agents undetectable in conventional culture methods. Composition and diversity of the airway microbiome are still poorly understood. METHODOLOGY: This study evaluated the airway microbiome in 31 adult cystic fibrosis patients via the analysis of 16S rRNA se- quences by next generation sequencing. RESULTS: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Corynebacterium were the most abundant genera in the middle meatus, and Pseudo- monas, Haemophilus and Prevotella were the most abundant in sputum. In patients with advanced disease (FEV1< 50%), there was an increase in the prevalence of Pseudomonas in both sample types when studied separately. In each patient, in a paired analysis, the sputum and middle meatus showed similar microbiome composition in mild or moderate disease (FEV1≥ 50%). In patients with severe lung disease, the relative abundance of Pseudomonas had a positive correlation in both collection sites. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first Brazilian study to evaluate the airway microbiome in cystic fibrosis patients. Our findings agree with those in the international literature and indicate the role of Pseudomonas in the sputum and middle meatus in patients with advanced disease.
√ov Is in the Air
Authors: Simonović Marko , Mišmaš Petra
Published: December 2020

In this paper we consider several instances of the Slovenian affix ov, which surfaces in many, apparently unrelated contexts. Here we focus on (i) ov in verbs, where it can act as an imperfectivizer or a verbalizer, (ii) ov found in possessive adjectives and kind adjectives derived from nouns, (iii) ov which precedes the adjectiviser (e)n in denominal adjectives, and (iv) ov in nominal declension (acting as a genitive case ending in dual and plural or as a dual/plural augment). Building on the observation that certain affixes function either as inflectional or as derivational (see Simonović and Arsenijević 2020), and working within a Distributed Morphology approach which postulates that derivational affixes should be analyzed as roots (e.g. Lowenstamm 2014), we argue for a single multifunctional ov. This ov is a potentially meaningless root that can take as a complement other roots (thus forming a “radical core”) or phrases, resulting in different structures and consequently different stress patterns and meanings, but can also act as an Elsewhere allomorph, whose insertion is guided by an interplay of phonological and morphological constraints.
An Exploration of Factors Contributing to Students’ Unwillingness to Communicate
Authors: Aksak Kubra , Cubukcu Feryal
Published: December 2020

One of the most challenging issues in language classes is the reluctance of learners to communicate. The term “unwillingness to communicate” (UWTC) is defined as a predisposition which represents a chronic tendency to avoid or devalue oral communication. The main aim of this study is to investigate the factors contributing to university level students’ unwillingness to communicate in English. The participants of this study were selected using the stratified sampling method and consist of 100 students from an English Language Teaching (ELT) Department. The data was collected through a questionnaire examining three dimensions, namely the affective factors, teacher-related factors and environmental factors underlying students’ negative communication behaviour. The results indicated that environmental factors such as rapport among students, class size, materials, noise and classroom atmosphere have the biggest effects with regard to students’ reluctance to communicate in English. On the other hand, affective factors including anxiety, shyness, lack of motivation, lack of vocabulary knowledge, lack of self-confidence, fear of being criticised, topic familiarity, peer pressure and fear of making mistakes have a second highest impact on students’ negative communication behaviour. When the items in the teacher-related category of the questionnaire were analysed in detail the results showed they ranked third most important in this context, with students attributing their reluctance to communicate to teacher attitudes, teacher pressure, lack of teacher support, lack of opportunity to speak English, and the use of the mother tongue and target language.
Travma ve Göç: Bir Gözden Geçirme
Authors: DERİN Görkem
Published: December 2020

Ülkemizde ve tüm dünyada hem göçmenlere hem de göç olgusuna yönelik klinik psikoloji ve psikiyatri disiplinleri tarafından yürütülen bilimsel araştırma ve uygulamalara olan akademik ilgi artarak devam etmektedir. Toplumsal değişimin neden olduğu kolektif bir eylem olarak göç; psikolojik, sosyolojik, ekonomik ve bireysel sebeplerle bir yerden başka bir yere yapılan, kısa, orta veya uzun vadede geriye dönüş veya sürekli yerleşim hedefi güden coğrafik, kültürel ve toplumsal bir yer değiştirme hareketidir. Göçmenin kendi ülkesinden ya da ikamet ettiği bölgeden ayrılmasının birtakım nedenleri olduğu gibi göç ettiği yeri ya da toplumda karşılaşacağı tutum ve davranışları öngörmek oldukça güçtür. Göç süreci bazen göçmelerin öngördüğü üzere pozitif gelişmelerle ilerlemekte bazen ise beklentilerin aksine negatif yönde değişimlerin gerçekleştiği durumlar da ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Göçmenlerin sıkça karşılaştıkları olumsuz yaşam deneyimleri arasında; sağlık ve eğitim hizmetlerine erişim eksikliği, ayrımcılık, sosyal dışlanma, çalışma izni edinmede yaşanan zorluk, kültür şoku, işsizlik, aile üyelerinden uzak kalma ve göç edilen yerde kendini yalnız hissetme yer almaktadır. Bu travmatik yaşantılar neticesinde göçmenler, sadece geldikleri yeni kültür ve normlarla karakterize olan toplumla uyum sorunu yaşamamakta aynı zamanda travma sonrası stres bozukluğu, dissosiyatif bozukluk ve somatoform bozukluk gibi kronik psikiyatrik rahatsızlıklar da geliştirebilmektedir. Göçmenlere dair devletlerin izlediği strateji ve politikalar, bu grubun topluma olan entegrasyonlarının en kısa sürede sağlanması ve psikolojik desteğin uygun koşullar altında verilmesi temel alınarak planlanmakta ve yürütülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Travma; göç; travma sonrası stres bozukluğu; dissosiyasyon; dissosiyatif bozukluk
Colonia Gemella/Gemina Iulia Lampsacena: Anadolu’nun Kuzeybatısından Kısa Ömürlü Bir Roma Kolonisi
Authors: BURULDAĞ Erdinç
Published: December 2020

MÖ 1. yüzyıl ikinci yarısının hemen başındaki Roma kolonizasyon faaliyetleri neticesinde Anadolu’nun kuzeybatısında yer alan iki Grek kentine, eş zamanlı olarak koloni statüsü verilmiştir. Troas olarak bilinen bölgedeki bu kentler, Parion ve Lampsakos’tur. Her iki kent de konumları itibariyle önemli bir geçiş noktasında yer alıyor olmaları yanında, olasılıkla sahip oldukları zengin maden yatakları ve verimli arazileri sebebiyle birer Roma kolonisine dönüştürülmüştür. Mevcut veriler, Parion’un koloni statüsünün en azından üç asır sürdüğünü; Lampsakos’taki koloninin oldukça kısa ömürlü olduğunu göstermektedir. Nümismatik kanıtlardan yani koloni sikkelerinden anlaşıldığı kadarı ile ismi muhtemelen Colonia Gemella/Gemina Iulia Lampsacena olarak değişen Lampsakos’un Roma koloni statüsü, yarım asırlık bir süreç içerisinde sonlandırılmış olmalıdır. Kentteki koloni statüsü her ne kadar kısa bir zaman dilimini kapsamış olsa da eldeki verilerle, bu yeni siyasi yapılanma ve İtalik kökenli yeni yerleşimcilerle birlikte Roma kültüründen birtakım unsurların Lampsakos’a taşınmış olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Bu çalışma, Lampsakos’un, Roma koloni statüsünün kanıtlarını ortaya koymayı ve kentin bu statüyü neden koruyamadığı sorusuna yanıt aramayı amaçlamıştır.
Translation and Adaptation of the Vocal Fatigue Index into Spanish
Authors: Cantor-Cutiva Lady Catherine , Malebrán Bezerra de Mello María Celina , Hunter Eric J
Published: December 2020

Aim: the purpose of this study was to translate and adapt the English version of the Vocal Fatigue Index (VFI) into the Spanish language.

Methods: the English version of the Vocal Fatigue Index (VFI) was translated into Spanish by two bilingual speech-language pathologists, and then was back-translated into English. The Spanish VFI (o “Índice de Fatiga Vocal”, IFV) was administrated to a pilot group of 10 individuals, which revealed some small typographical and grammatical adjustments to the index. The final updated version was then administrated to 34 subjects (21 with voice disorders, and 13 without voice disorders). Internal consistency and scale reliability were analyzed using Cronbach alpha coefficient.

Results: a high Cronbach alpha coefficient for the three factors (0.87) was obtained. The results of the item role in reliability of the Spanish VFI demonstrated that all of them showed a positive role according to this criterion. The results of the ANOVA indicate a statistically significant difference between groups on the three scores of the Spanish translation of the VFI. In comparison to the healthy participants, those with voice disorders obtained statistically significant higher scores for the Spanish VFI subscales.

Conclusion: the present study suggests that the Spanish translation of the Vocal Fatigue Index has a good internal consistency and high reliability on each of the three factors. The results suggest that the Spanish VFI can be used reliably to identify persons with vocal fatigue and has good clinical validity.
NARRATIVE STRATEGIES TRANSFORMING THE TEXTS OF THE NARTS’ SAGAS
Authors: ГУТИЕВА Э.Т.
Published: December 2020

Ценность осетинских нартовских сказаний заключается в их историчности, консервативности, резистентности к изменениям. В течение многовекового периода их устного существования они передавались последующим поколениям в условиях полиэтничных конфедераций в среде мобильных номадов, впоследствии, напротив, оказавшихся в ситуации исторической изоляции. Этим обусловлено то, что неизбежно подвергались эрозии терявшие свою актуальность элементы, что затрудняет хронологическую датировку и географическую локализацию описываемых в них событий. Однако могло иметь место и намеренное изменение повествования и нарративных стратегий, обусловленное эволюцией и гуманизацией общества, изменением его аксиологической шкалы с последующим неприятием отживших свой век ритуалов, таких как умерщвление стариков, ритуальное человеческое жертвоприношение. Изменение нарративной стратегии может наблюдаться в отношении архаических брачных институтов (инцестуальные браки, полигамия), и при нарушениях кодексов героического поведения (убийство безоружного, убийство гостя). В тексте кадагов индикаторами подобного преобразования могут являться случаи нарушения их композиционной стройности, их определенная алогичность, интерференция несвойственных элементов. Восстановление первоначальных смыслов нартовских сказаний может помочь уточнить период, культурный фон и этический контекст их создания.

The Ossetian Narts’ legends are famous for their historicity, conservatism, resistance to change. During the centuries-old period of their oral existence, they were passed on to subsequent generations in the conditions of polyethnic confederations among the mobile nomads. Later they found themselves in the contrary situation of historical isolation. Both periods contributed to inevitable erosion of the elements that had lost their relevance, thus complicating the chronological dating and geographical localization of the events described in them. However, there could be a deliberate change in the narrative and in the narrative strategies, due to the evolution and humanization of the society, to the change and development of its axiological scale, followed by the rejection of the time-worn rituals, such as killing the elderly, ritual human sacrifice. A change in the narrative strategy can be observed in relation to archaic marriage institutions (incestuous marriages, polygamy), and to violation of codes of heroic behavior (killing an unarmed person, slaying a guest). In the text of the sagas cases of violation of their compositional harmony, their certain illogicality, interference of unusual elements can be regarded as indicators of such transformation. Restoring the original meanings of the Narts’ legends can help to specify the historical period, cultural background and the ethical context of their creation.
Book Review: Paul Collins, (2009). The Book of William. How Shakespeare’s First Folio Conquered the World. Bloomsbury
Authors: Manolescu Dan
Published: December 2020

If you want to write a novel with a lot of action in it, you will need to use a lot of verbs. By the same token, if you change your style and focus on an effective description of a memorable event or a marvelous place, you will have to switch to a plethora of adjectives. In our case, in 2009 Paul Collins used his erudite expertise and his quite impressive vocabulary to create a vivid history of Shakespeare’s First Folio that came out in 1623. It is a masterpiece in the true sense and in its own class that ripened through the centuries. Not only did it survive the patina of time; it is now showing its uniqueness for all to see.
What Did Jesus Write on the Ground? Exegetical Analysis of John 8: 6–8
Authors: Kostrešević Milan
Published: December 2020

Inspired by a sermon by Saint Nicholai of Ohrid and Ziča on Jesus’ writing on the ground, the paper offers an insight into a wide range of exegetical analyses concerning the three basic issues related to Jesus’ writing on the ground presented in John 8: 6–8. The question of the content of the inscription is first investigated. Despite the complete absence of the actual text, numerous authors over time have made many possible but hypothetical suggestions as to what words Jesus could have written. Then, various suggestions are considered regarding the meaning of this action, that is, the very fact that Jesus wrote. Finally, the study deals with the question of Jesus’ literacy and in connection with Keith’s claim that this pericope is a third-century interpolation inserted into the text of the Fourth Gospel in order to satisfy the Church’s needs for literate leaders.