bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polygonal Wear Mechanism of High-Speed Train Wheels Based on Lateral Friction Self-Excited Vibration
Authors: Dong Yahong , Cao Shuqian
Published: July 2022

This work details research on the formation mechanism of wheel polygonalization in high-speed trains and its effect factors by numerical modeling in order to prevent the increasingly prevalent problem of wheel polygonal wear. The lateral self-excited vibration model of a wheel was developed using the LuGre friction model and self-excited vibration theory. The properties of wheel self-excited vibration and the crucial condition of Hopf bifurcation were investigated; the process of wheel polygonal wear was simulated and the results were validated using field tracking data. The results demonstrated that periodic self-excited vibration generated by Hopf bifurcation is a required condition for polygonal wheel attrition at a given speed. The wheel’s polygonal wear has the following characteristics: “Constant speed—Self-excited—Fixed frequency—Divisible.” The order of the polygon is determined by the ratio of the wheel lateral self-excited vibration frequency to its rotational frequency. Wheel polygonal wear was caused by the vertical dynamic force of the wheel rail. The findings of the study can serve as a theoretical foundation for the prediction and reduction of wheel polygonal wear.
End-to-End Deep Learning Architectures Using 3D Neuroimaging Biomarkers for Early Alzheimer’s Diagnosis
Authors: Agarwal Deevyankar , Berbis Manuel Alvaro , Martín-Noguerol Teodoro , Luna Antonio , Garcia Sara Carmen Parrado , de la Torre-Díez Isabel
Published: July 2022

This study uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to propose end-to-end learning implementing volumetric convolutional neural network (CNN) models for two binary classification tasks: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) vs. cognitively normal (CN) and stable mild cognitive impairment (sMCI) vs. AD. The baseline MP-RAGE T1 MR images of 245 AD patients and 229 with sMCI were obtained from the ADNI dataset, whereas 245 T1 MR images of CN people were obtained from the IXI dataset. All of the images were preprocessed in four steps: N4 bias field correction, denoising, brain extraction, and registration. End-to-end-learning-based deep CNNs were used to discern between different phases of AD. Eight CNN-based architectures were implemented and assessed. The DenseNet264 excelled in both types of classification, with 82.5% accuracy and 87.63% AUC for training and 81.03% accuracy for testing relating to the sMCI vs. AD and 100% accuracy and 100% AUC for training and 99.56% accuracy for testing relating to the AD vs. CN. Deep learning approaches based on CNN and end-to-end learning offer a strong tool for examining minute but complex properties in MR images which could aid in the early detection and prediction of Alzheimer’s disease in clinical settings.
A Mathematical Perspective on Post-Quantum Cryptography
Authors: Richter Maximilian , Bertram Magdalena , Seidensticker Jasper , Tschache Alexander
Published: July 2022

In 2016, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) announced an open competition with the goal of finding and standardizing suitable algorithms for quantum-resistant cryptography. This study presents a detailed, mathematically oriented overview of the round-three finalists of NIST’s post-quantum cryptography standardization consisting of the lattice-based key encapsulation mechanisms (KEMs) CRYSTALS-Kyber, NTRU and SABER; the code-based KEM Classic McEliece; the lattice-based signature schemes CRYSTALS-Dilithium and FALCON; and the multivariate-based signature scheme Rainbow. The above-cited algorithm descriptions are precise technical specifications intended for cryptographic experts. Nevertheless, the documents are not well-suited for a general interested mathematical audience. Therefore, the main focus is put on the algorithms’ corresponding algebraic foundations, in particular LWE problems, NTRU lattices, linear codes and multivariate equation systems with the aim of fostering a broader understanding of the mathematical concepts behind post-quantum cryptography.
Impact of Degree of Ionization and PEGylation on the Stability of Nanoparticles of Chitosan Derivatives at Physiological Conditions
Authors: Martinez Junior André Miguel , Lima Aline Margarete Furuyama , Martins Grazieli Olinda , Tiera Vera Aparecida de Oliveira , Benderdour Mohamed , Fernandes Julio Cesar , Tiera Marcio José
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, the therapeutic efficiency of small interfering RNAs (siRNA) is still limited by the efficiency of gene therapy vectors capable of carrying them inside the target cells. In this study, siRNA nanocarriers based on low molecular weight chitosan grafted with increasing proportions (5 to 55%) of diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) groups were developed, which allowed precise control of the degree of ionization of the polycations at pH 7.4. This approach made obtaining siRNA nanocarriers with small sizes (100–200 nm), positive surface charge and enhanced colloidal stability (up to 24 h) at physiological conditions of pH (7.4) and ionic strength (150 mmol L−1) possible. Moreover, the PEGylation improved the stability of the nanoparticles, which maintained their colloidal stability and nanometric sizes even in an albumin-containing medium. The chitosan-derivatives displayed non-cytotoxic effects in both fibroblasts (NIH/3T3) and macrophages (RAW 264.7) at high N/P ratios and polymer concentrations (up to 0.5 g L−1). Confocal microscopy showed a successful uptake of nanocarriers by RAW 264.7 macrophages and a promising ability to silence green fluorescent protein (GFP) in HeLa cells. These results were confirmed by a high level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) knockdown (higher than 60%) in LPS-stimulated macrophages treated with the siRNA-loaded nanoparticles even in the FBS-containing medium, findings that reveal a good correlation between the degree of ionization of the polycations and the physicochemical properties of nanocarriers. Overall, this study provides an approach to enhance siRNA condensation by chitosan-based carriers and highlights the potential of these nanocarriers for in vivo studies.
The Role of Rumen Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA)-Induced Inflammatory Diseases of Ruminants
Authors: Fu Yunhe , He Yuhong , Xiang Kaihe , Zhao Caijun , He Zhaoqi , Qiu Min , Hu Xiaoyu , Zhang Naisheng
Published: July 2022

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is a common metabolic disease in ruminants. In the early stage of SARA, ruminants do not exhibit obvious clinical symptoms. However, SARA often leads to local inflammatory diseases such as laminitis, mastitis, endometritis and hepatitis. The mechanism by which SARA leads to inflammatory diseases is largely unknown. The gut microbiota is the totality of bacteria, viruses and fungi inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. Studies have found that the gut microbiota is not only crucial to gastrointestinal health but also involved in a variety of disease processes, including metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases, tumors and inflammatory diseases. Studies have shown that intestinal bacteria and their metabolites can migrate to extraintestinal distal organs, such as the lung, liver and brain, through endogenous pathways, leading to related diseases. Combined with the literature, we believe that the dysbiosis of the rumen microbiota, the destruction of the rumen barrier and the dysbiosis of liver function in the pathogenesis of SARA lead to the entry of rumen bacteria and/or metabolites into the body through blood or lymphatic circulation and place the body in the “chronic low-grade” inflammatory state. Meanwhile, rumen bacteria and/or their metabolites can also migrate to the mammary gland, uterus and other organs, leading to the occurrence of related inflammatory diseases. The aim of this review is to describe the mechanism by which SARA causes inflammatory diseases to obtain a more comprehensive and profound understanding of SARA and its related inflammatory diseases. Meanwhile, it is also of great significance for the joint prevention and control of diseases.
Exploring Relationships among Grapevine Chemical and Physiological Parameters and Leaf and Berry Mycobiome Composition
Authors: Molnár Anna , Geml József , Geiger Adrienn , Leal Carla Mota , Kgobe Glodia , Tóth Adrienn Mária , Villangó Szabolcs , Mézes Lili , Czeglédi Márk , Lőrincz György , Zsófi Zsolt
Published: July 2022

Improving our knowledge on biotic and abiotic factors that influence the composition of the grapevine mycobiome is of great agricultural significance, due to potential effects on plant health, productivity, and wine characteristics. Here, we assessed the influence of scion cultivar on the diversity and composition of fungal communities in the berries and leaves of three different cultivars. We generated DNA metabarcoding data, and statistically compared the richness, relative abundance, and composition of several functional groups of fungi among cultivars, which are partly explained by measured differences in chemical composition of leaves and berries and physiological traits of leaves. Fungal communities in leaves and berries show contrasting patterns among cultivars. The richness and relative abundance of fungal functional groups statistically differ among berry and leaf samples, but less so among cultivars. Community composition of the dominant functional groups of fungi, i.e., plant pathogens in leaves and saprotrophs in berries, differs significantly among cultivars. We also detect cultivar-level differences in the macro- and microelement content of the leaves, and in acidity and sugar concentration of berries. Our findings suggest that there appears to be a relatively diverse set of fungi that make up the grapevine mycobiome at the sampled terroir that spans several cultivars, and that both berry and leaf mycobiomes are likely influenced by the chemical characteristics of berries and leaves, e.g., pH and the availability of nutrients and simple carbohydrates. Finally, the correlation between fungal community composition and physiological variables in leaves is noteworthy, and merits further research to explore causality. Our findings offer novel insights into the microbial dynamics of grapevine considering plant chemistry and physiology, with implications for viticulture.
Spotting the Targets of the Apospory Controller TGS1 in Paspalum notatum
Authors: Colono Carolina Marta , Podio Maricel , Siena Lorena Adelina , Ortiz Juan Pablo A. , Leblanc Olivier , Pessino Silvina Claudia
Published: July 2022

Sexuality and apomixis are interconnected plant reproductive routes possibly behaving as polyphenic traits under the influence of the environment. In the subtropical grass Paspalum notatum, one of the controllers of apospory, a main component of gametophytic apomixis reproduction, is TRIMETHYLGUANOSINE SYNTHASE 1 (TGS1), a multifunctional gene previously associated with RNA cleavage regulation (including mRNA splicing as well as rRNA and miRNA processing), transcriptional modulation and the establishment of heterochromatin. In particular, the downregulation of TGS1 induces a sexuality decline and the emergence of aposporous-like embryo sacs. The present work was aimed at identifying TGS1 target RNAs expressed during reproductive development of Paspalum notatum. First, we mined available RNA databases originated from spikelets of sexual and apomictic plants, which naturally display a contrasting TGS1 representation, to identify differentially expressed mRNA splice variants and miRNAs. Then, the role of TGS1 in the generation of these particular molecules was investigated in antisense tgs1 sexual lines. We found that CHLOROPHYLL A-B BINDING PROTEIN 1B-21 (LHC Ib-21, a component of the chloroplast light harvesting complex), QUI-GON JINN (QGJ, encoding a MAP3K previously associated with apomixis) and miR2275 (a meiotic 24-nt phasi-RNAs producer) are directly or indirectly targeted by TGS1. Our results point to a coordinated control exercised by signal transduction and siRNA machineries to induce the transition from sexuality to apomixis.
A Novel SLOPDM Solar Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Strategy for the Solar Photovoltaic Power System
Authors: Liu Hwa-Dong , Farooqui Shoeb-Azam , Lu Shiue-Der , Lee Yu-Lin , Lin Chang-Hua
Published: July 2022

This study proposes a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control strategy for the solar photovoltaic power system (SPPS). The proposed system adopts two solar photovoltaic modules of 430 W, which are connected to a boost converter and an MPPT controller, since the traditional MPPT algorithm (such as perturbation and observation [P&O] algorithm) can hardly reach maximum power point (MPP) under low irradiance level and partial shading conditions (PSC), which leads to the low efficiency of the SPPS. The speed of light optical path difference measurement (SLOPDM) MPPT control strategy has been developed in this study to overcome this problem. The estimation of the optical path angle difference is used as the basis for the proposed control strategy. This is done by determining the relationship between the optical path angle difference, solar photovoltaic power impedance Rspv and load Ro, and then calculating the duty cycle corresponding to the MPP, which then drives the boost converter to capture the MPP. The experimental results verify the proposed system, which shows the efficiency comparison between the SLOPDM MPPT algorithm, solar angle and horizon (SAH) algorithm, and P&O algorithm under PSC and uniform irradiance conditions (UIC) at irradiance levels of 700 W/m2 and 65 W/m2. It is evident from the comparison that the efficiency of the SLOPDM MPPT algorithm is 99% under both conditions, which is higher than the SAH and P&O algorithms. The SLOPDM MPPT algorithm can precisely, rapidly, and stably be operated at MPP. The contribution of this study is that the proposed MPPT control strategy can help achieve the high−performance of SPPS without changing the hardware circuit design and requiring any additional solar power meter. This reduces the cost and the complexity of the system significantly.
Numerical Study on Transportation of Cemented Paste Backfill Slurry in Bend Pipe
Authors: Dong Huizhen , Aziz Nuraini Abdul , Shafri Helmi Zulhaidi Mohd , Ahmad Kamarul Arifin Bin
Published: July 2022

With the development of coal mining, the use of elbows has diversified the forms of underground backfill pipelines, which has inevitably complicated the transportation characteristics of filling slurry in the pipeline, thus affecting the entire backfilling system. The objective of this study is to numerically investigate the running state of cemented paste backfilling (CPB) slurry and coarse particles at different velocities by transporting in bend pipes. To better understand the transportation state of CPB slurry in pipeline, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model—mixture model was developed to study the transportation of CPB slurry. The volume distribution of coarse particles in slurry under different pipe types and different flow rates, as well as the velocity profiles of slurry at different positions, were simulated and analyzed, and the pressure losses under different pipe types were compared. The results show that the distribution of coarse particles varies with the tube type, and the effect of coarse particles on the position of tube wall changes with the increase in velocity. The high-speed zone of CPB slurry will move toward the outer wall of the elbow with the increase in velocity. The pressure loss of CPB slurry in the vertical–horizontal pipeline is larger than that in the horizontal–vertical pipeline, and the difference is larger in the bend section. This study provides a theoretical and meaningful reference for CPB slurry backfilling operations in different bends.
Unlocking All-Solid Ion Selective Electrodes: Prospects in Crop Detection
Authors: Zhai Jiawei , Luo Bin , Li Aixue , Dong Hongtu , Jin Xiaotong , Wang Xiaodong
Published: July 2022

This paper reviews the development of all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes (ASSISEs) for agricultural crop detection. Both nutrient ions and heavy metal ions inside and outside the plant have a significant influence on crop growth. This review begins with the detection principle of ASSISEs. The second section introduces the key characteristics of ASSISE and demonstrates its feasibility in crop detection based on previous research. The third section considers the development of ASSISEs in the detection of corps internally and externally (e.g., crop nutrition, heavy metal pollution, soil salinization, N enrichment, and sensor miniaturization, etc.) and discusses the interference of the test environment. The suggestions and conclusions discussed in this paper may provide the foundation for additional research into ion detection for crops.
Image-Based Phenotyping for Non-Destructive In Situ Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tiller Counting Using Proximal Sensing
Authors: Yamagishi Yuki , Kato Yoichiro , Ninomiya Seishi , Guo Wei
Published: July 2022

The increase in the number of tillers of rice significantly affects grain yield. However, this is measured only by the manual counting of emerging tillers, where the most common method is to count by hand touching. This study develops an efficient, non-destructive method for estimating the number of tillers during the vegetative and reproductive stages under flooded conditions. Unlike popular deep-learning-based approaches requiring training data and computational resources, we propose a simple image-processing pipeline following the empirical principles of synchronously emerging leaves and tillers in rice morphogenesis. Field images were taken by an unmanned aerial vehicle at a very low flying height for UAV imaging—1.5 to 3 m above the rice canopy. Subsequently, the proposed image-processing pipeline was used, which includes binarization, skeletonization, and leaf-tip detection, to count the number of long-growing leaves. The tiller number was estimated from the number of long-growing leaves. The estimated tiller number in a 1.1 m × 1.1 m area is significantly correlated with the actual number of tillers, with 60% of hills having an error of less than ±3 tillers. This study demonstrates the potential of the proposed image-sensing-based tiller-counting method to help agronomists with efficient, non-destructive field phenotyping.
LQR-MPC-Based Trajectory-Tracking Controller of Autonomous Vehicle Subject to Coupling Effects and Driving State Uncertainties
Authors: Yuan Tengfei , Zhao Rongchen
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a lateral and longitudinal coupling controller for a trajectory-tracking control system. The proposed controller can simultaneously minimize lateral tracking deviation while tracking the desired trajectory and vehicle speed. Firstly, we propose a hierarchical control structure composed of upper and lower-level controllers. In the upper-level controller, the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller is designed to compute the desired front wheel steering angle for minimizing the lateral tracking deviation, and the model-predictive controller is developed to compute the desired acceleration for maintaining the planed vehicle speed. The lower-level controller enables the achievement of the desired steering angle and acceleration via the corresponding component devices. Furthermore, an observer based on the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is proposed to update the vehicle driving states, which are sensitive to the trajectory-tracking control and difficult to measure directly using the existing vehicle sensors. Finally, the Co-simulation (CarSim-MATLAB/Simulink) results demonstrate that the proposed coupling controller is able to robustly realize the trajectory tracking control and can effectively reduce the lateral tracking error.
Detecting Enclosed Board Channel of Data Acquisition System Using Probabilistic Neural Network with Null Matrix
Authors: Zhang Dapeng , Lin Zhiling , Gao Zhiwei
Published: July 2022

The board channel is a connection between a data acquisition system and the sensors of a plant. A flawed channel will bring poor-quality data or faulty data that may cause an incorrect strategy. In this paper, a data-driven approach is proposed to detect the status of the enclosed board channel based on an error time series obtained from multiple excitation signals and internal register values. The critical faulty data, contrary to the known healthy data, are constructed by using a null matrix with maximum projection and are labelled as training examples together with healthy data. Finally, the status of the enclosed board channel is validated by a well-trained probabilistic neural network. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
An Analytical Model for the Aggregate Throughput of IEEE 802.11ah Networks under the Restricted Access Window Mechanism
Authors: Soares Stephanie M. , Carvalho Marcelo M.
Published: July 2022

The IEEE 802.11ah is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to support the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT). One of its main novelties is the restricted access window (RAW), which is a channel access feature designed to reduce channel contention by dividing stations into RAW groups. Each RAW group is further divided into RAW slots, and stations only attempt channel access during the RAW slot they were assigned to. In this paper, we propose a discrete-time Markov chain model to evaluate the average aggregate throughput of IEEE 802.11ah networks using the RAW mechanism under saturated traffic and ideal channel conditions. The proposed analytical model describes the behavior of an active station within its assigned RAW slot. A key aspect of the model is the consideration of the event of RAW slot time completion during a station’s backoff operation. We study the average aggregate network throughput for various numbers of RAW slots and stations in the network. The numerical results derived from our analytical model are compared to computer simulations based on an IEEE 802.11ah model developed for the ns-3 simulator by other researchers, and its performance is also compared to two other analytical models proposed in the literature. The presented results indicate that the proposed analytical model reaches the closest agreement with independently-derived computer simulations.
Elderly People’s Adaptation to the Evolving Digital Society: A Case Study in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Xuan Hoa , Tran Thi Bich Ngoc , Dao Thanh Binh , Barysheva Galina , Nguyen Chien Thang , Nguyen An Ha , Lam Tran Si
Published: July 2022

The rapid and breakthrough development of digital technology in the digital era creates excellent opportunities for Vietnam’s socioeconomic development, profoundly changing all activities and people’s lifestyles. However, due to old age characteristics, older adults become a vulnerable population group and face many difficulties when digital transformation occurs widely in all aspects of life. Research issues raised by the research team, such as sociodemographic characteristics, active aging, the activeness and attitudes of the elderly in Vietnam toward the digital environment, the importance of relevant government policies, and necessary attention from telecommunications and online service providers, are considered the novelties of this study. Among these, sociodemographics were found to be the most important factor influencing the digital adaptation of older people, as they dominate the age-related problems faced by older people. These suggestions were confirmed by evaluating the results of a sociological survey conducted by the research group At Hanoi University of Science and Technology on the influence of the technological environment on older adults’ lives using qualitative research methods. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors influencing the digital adaptability of Vietnamese elderly people in order to propose policy implications to encourage the elderly to adapt to the digital environment in the emerging digital society in Vietnam.
Is Mixtures’ Additivity Supported by Empirical Data? A Case Study of Developmental Toxicity of PFOS and 6:2 FTS in Wildtype Zebrafish Embryos
Authors: Fey Megan E. , Goodrum Philip E. , Razavi N. Roxanna , Whipps Christopher M. , Fernando Sujan , Anderson Janet K.
Published: July 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a major priority for many federal and state regulatory agencies charged with monitoring levels of emerging contaminants in environmental media and setting health-protective benchmarks to guide risk assessments. While screening levels and toxicity reference values have been developed for numerous individual PFAS compounds, there remain important data gaps regarding the mode of action for toxicity of PFAS mixtures. The present study aims to contribute whole-mixture toxicity data and advance the methods for evaluating mixtures of two key components of aqueous film-forming foams: perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS). Wildtype (AB) zebrafish embryos were exposed to PFOS and 6:2 FTS, both as individual components and as binary mixtures, from 2 to 122 h post-fertilization. Five treatment levels were selected to encompass environmentally relevant exposure levels. Experimental endpoints consisted of mortality, hatching, and developmental endpoints, including swim bladder inflation, yolk sac area, and larval body length. Results from dose–response analysis indicate that the assumption of additivity using conventional points of departure (e.g., NOAEL, LOAEL) is not supported for critical effect endpoints with these PFAS mixtures, and that the interactions vary as a function of the dose range. Alternative methods for quantifying relative potency are proposed, and recommendations for additional investigations are provided to further advance assessments of the toxicity of PFAS mixtures to aquatic organisms.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR ACCOUNTING FOR THE LEVEL OF TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS
Authors: Кapiton Alla , Kononets Nataliia , Zhamardiy Valeriy , Petrenko Lesya , Kravtsova Nadiya , Blahova Tetiana
Published: July 2022

The present study is mainly focused on the design and development of an information system for preserving the results of testing to verify the residual knowledge of students of the resource for training specialists in information and communication technologies. The purpose of the study is to provide a scientific justification for the problem of developing professional training of specialists in information and communication technologies in the process of using an information system to save test results to verify students’ residual knowledge and to verify the effectiveness of its implementation in universities. According to the results of the experiment, it can be argued that the introduction of an information system to preserve the results of testing to test students’ residual knowledge in the educational process contributes to the professional training of specialists in information and communication technologies at the universities of Ukraine. The application of development and utilization of contemporary information technologies concentrated on implementing the pedagogical and psychological aims of teaching and education is fundamentally new mediated by modern technical and technological innovations.
THE FORMATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS PROFESSIONAL READYNESS TO INNOVATION ACTIVITY BY MEANS OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Tsiuniak Oksana , Galyna Rozlutska , Sokol Mariana , Hvozdyak Olha , Hirnіak Svitlana , Nevmerzhytska Olena , Chubinska Nataliia , Hevko Viktoriia
Published: July 2022

The training of future specialists for innovation activity is a leading trend of modern higher pedagogical education, which is due to the integration of Ukraine into the European educational space. The article actualizes the problem of future teachers’ professional readiness formation for innovation activity using digital technologies. General science, synthesis, comparison, analysis, generalization and systematization of studies of domestic and foreign scientists are employed. Based on the results, the essence of the concept “professional preparedness of future teachers for innovation” has been revealed. It has been found that the professional readiness of future teachers for innovation is the outcome of integrative personal education, and professional training, featured via a blend of cognitive (knowledge regarding the concept of the innovation and profession), motivational (incentives for interests and innovation), reflexive (capability of analyzing results), innovative activity and praxeological (innovation competence actualization) elements that permit conducting professional tasks of innovative nature. It has been concluded that a modern teacher can’t conduct educational actions with no utilizing advanced digital technologies, and the education informatization comprises enhancing the future teachers’ training in the information educational environment of higher education institutions.
THE DIFFERENTIATION OF METONYMY AND METAPHOR CONCEPTS IN MODERN LINGUISTICS
Authors: Moisiuk Valentуna , Dziubina Oksana , Liliia Sypa , Sokol Mariana , Konovalchuk Svitalana , Rudenko Marta
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the feasibility of distinction between metonymy and metaphor; since ancient times, language researchers have studied them together because they are based on the transfer of names by similarity or analogy of features. The main task of the article is to outline the dominant theories of metonymy and metaphor, developed in the plane of the semantic-syntactic paradigm, as well as to present cognitively oriented considerations about the essence of these two phenomena, which prove their distinction. Based on the basic postulates of cognitive linguistics, particularly the theory of conceptual metaphor, the theory of mental spaces, and the theory of conceptual integration, the authors prove a significant difference between the two outlined linguocognitive mechanisms. Based on phraseological units of modern French, the authors prove, first, that metonymy represents a real adjacency of concepts, while metaphor - hypothetical. Secondly, their difference lies in the different number of conceptual spheres involved in metonymization (one conceptosphere) and metaphorization (more than two conceptospheres). Thirdly, in metaphorization, projected images reflect various (sometimes unexpected) associations that link different spheres of GOAL and SOURCE, while in metonymization, projected images adhere to logically established connections.
Bienestar de los docentes
Authors: Torres-Peñafiel Jhonny Santiago , Guaman Paguay William Marcelo
Published: July 2022

El bienestar del docente es un tema de gran relevancia en la actualidad, puesto que ha sido desvalorizado con el pasar de los tiempos y ha dejado de ser importante el cómo se siente el docente al momento de impartir las clases. Todos quienes conformamos los sujetos de la educación, actuamos sin darnos cuenta que tanto el bienestar físico, psicológico y social son complementarios para que los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje se puedan cumplir de manera eficiente, también se ha observado una pérdida de valores y, sobre todo, del respeto hacia ellos. El objetivo fue indagar si el maestro posee un bienestar equilibrado y se encuentra apto para llegar al estudiante con sus conocimientos profesionales. Metodológicamente fue no experimental. Los hallazgos conducen a considerar prudente enfocarse en esta temática que aporta a la valorización del docente desde todas las perspectivas posibles para poder concientizar a los estudiantes, padres y madres de familia sobre la importancia del docente en el acto educativo.
educación en tiempos de pandemia: una mirada desde el contexto de Latinoamérica y el Caribe
Authors: Cruz Picón Pablo Emilio , HERNÁNDEZ CORREA LADY JAZMMIN
Published: July 2022

La enfermedad por Coronavirus (Covid 19) ha provocado una crisis sin precedentes en variedad de ámbitos sociales, ambientales, políticos y económicos en el mundo. La educación no ha sido ajena a esos avatares del destino. En este sentido, el artículo tiene como objetivo contextualizar de manera reflexiva el impacto del COVID 19 en el sector educativo de Latinoamérica y el Caribe desde un enfoque social y pedagógico. La metodología seguida por esta investigación fue de enfoque cualitativo empleando el tipo de investigación hermenéutica. El ejercicio reflexivo se asentó en la reseña analítica de registro documental de modo que, por este instrumento, se realizó el análisis de diversos documentos consultados en línea, los cuales permitieron sustentar la relación directa entre las variables exploradas, así desde los aportes investigativos apoyados en el estado del arte se relaciona desde un antes y después de esta contingencia sanitaria para dilucidar de manera analítica las implicaciones socio pedagógicas de las consecuencias en la educación actual desde una perspectiva de género.. Entre los resultados más significativos, se evidenció que durante la pandemia la desigualdad tecnológica fue evidente porque a pesar del esfuerzo, algunos países no contaron con los recursos adecuados para una implementación pedagógica inclusiva y equitativa. Se concluye que, a pesar de los retos y desafíos, la educación se presenta como una posibilidad y oportunidad de aprendizaje.
Significados que otorgan los estudiantes a las metodologías de enseñanza docente: estudio realizado en la carrera de Psicología de la Universidad Mayor de San Simón de Cochabamba – Bolivia)
Authors: CHINCHE CALIZAYA SAÚL MARCELO
Published: July 2022

La educación constituye un hecho y una práctica social que continuamente devela un conjunto de modos de transmisión de conocimientos a través de directrices pedagógicas que orientan el proceso educativo (enseñanza-aprendizaje) y el rol docente (práctica docente) en el aula. Por ello, resulta necesario abordar un estudio acerca de las metodologías de enseñanza docente que representan por sobre muchas otras consideraciones, la responsabilidad que tiene cada institución, de asegurar la calidad educativa y la actualización profesional. Esta apreciación se dificulta si nos adentramos en la comprensión e interpretación del significado que tiene para los estudiantes esa metodología de enseñanza desarrollada por los docentes y que, al ser un arquetipo tan perfectamente delineado, conlleva necesariamente recurrir a la interpretación del sentido subjetivo de la acción que se da en la conducta de los actores en determinadas situaciones.
director como un líder transformador
Authors: CHERO PACHECO DELIA ROCIO
Published: July 2022

Las tendencias educativas globales experimentan cambios referentes a nuevas formas de relacionarnos entre las personas, las instituciones y los países; creando así un escenario complejo que es necesario aprender novedosas formas de actividades cooperativas, habilidades, destrezas y sobre todo aprender los últimos avances tecnológicos que permiten ser más eficiente en el desempeño de nuestra labor educativa .Estos cambios se han orientado básicamente a la formación del capital humano como requisito estratégico para competir y lograr el éxito en un contexto denominado “sociedad del conocimiento”. Es por ello la importancia de abordar cómo los nuevos líderes contemporáneos demuestran su capacidad de gestión, toma de decisiones, delegación de funciones, incentivos y motivación a los colaboradores de las instituciones educativas para el logro de metas y objetivos estratégicos.
Software Project Managers' Knowledge Transfer: An In-Depth Interview
Authors: Srisuksa Nontouch , Wiriyapinit Mongkolchai , Bhattarakosol Pattarasinee
Published: July 2022

There have been many studies in the past that have demonstrated knowledge transfer in a variety of settings. However, only a small proportion of research has focused on knowledge transfer for software project managers. This study explores knowledge transfer factors with the goal of gaining a better understanding of those factors for software project managers at all levels, including those who have prior expertise in the field and those who are new to the field. Qualitative data was acquired through in-depth interviews with 12 software project managers using semi-structured questions to investigate all factors involved. In accordance with the findings, nine potential factors have been identified as influencing knowledge transfer among software project managers. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will be advantageous to the corporate sector, public authorities, and entrepreneurs in the field of project management. The findings can be used as guidelines for software project managers’ practices and progress in knowledge transfer within project management to maximize profits in the business.
SİGORTACININ SÖZLEŞME ÖNCESİ AYDINLATMA YÜKÜMLÜLÜĞÜNÜ İHLAL ETMESİ HÂLİNDE SİGORTA ETTİRENİN İTİRAZ HAKKI
Authors: ER Sefa
Published: July 2022

Güven ilişkinin yoğun şekilde görüldüğü sigorta sözleşmelerinde tarafların sözleşme öncesinde birbirini aydınlatma yükümlülüğü TTK ile özel olarak düzenlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda TTK’nin 1423. maddesi gereğince sigortacının sözleşme öncesi aydınlatma yükümlülüğünü ihlal etmesi hâlinde sigorta ettirene on dört gün içinde sözleşmenin yapılmasına itiraz hakkı tanınmıştır. Oysa Türk Hukuku’nda “sözleşmenin yapılmasına itiraz” diye bir müessese bulunmamaktadır. İtiraz hakkının hukuki niteliğinin belirlenmesi, sadece teorik açıdan değil aynı zamanda uygulama açısından da önemli anlamlar ifade etmektedir. Zira sigortacının sözleşme öncesi aydınlatma yükümlülüğüne ilişkin düzenleme yapılmasının altında sigortacı karşısında zayıf konumda olan sigorta ettirenin korunması amacı yer almaktadır. Dolayısıyla itiraz hakkının hukuki niteliğinin belirlenmesi hem sigorta ettirenin korunması anlamında hem de sigorta ettirenin diğer haklarını kullanıp kullanamayacağının tespit edilmesi hususunda önem arz etmektedir.
FİKRİ HAKLAR AÇISINDAN ARAŞTIRMA GELİŞTİRME SÖZLEŞMELERİ
Authors: BADUR Emel , DOĞAN Gülmelahat
Published: July 2022

Ar-Ge sözleşmelerinin, bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişme sağlayan çalışmalar ile insan ve toplumun bilgi dağarcığının arttırılması ve bunun sonucu bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişme sağlanması amacını taşıyan ve tam iki tarafa borç yükleyen, isimsiz sözleşmeler olarak tanımlanması mümkündür. Ar-Ge sözleşmelerin konusunu, yapılacak araştırma sonucunda mevcut bir ürünün geliştirilmesi ya da yeni bir ürünün elde edilmesi oluşturmaktadır. Ar-Ge Sözleşmelerinin amacı ve konusu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bu sözleşmelerin ifası sırasında veya sonucunda fikri haklar açısından incelenmeye açık bazı unsurların ortaya çıkması muhtemel görülmektedir. Çalışmada ağırlıklı olarak kamu, üniversite ve sanayi işbirliği çerçevesinde yürütülen Ar-Ge projelerde fikri hakların durumu irdelenmiştir.
ALMAN VE İSVİÇRE HUKUKUNDA KAMU GÖREVLİLERİNİN DAVRANIŞLARI SONUCU MEYDANA GELEN ZARARLARDAN İDARENİN SORUMLULUĞU
Authors: ERTUĞRUL Meltem
Published: July 2022

Geniş bir teşkilat yapısı ve faaliyet alanı olan idarenin faaliyetlerini yerine getiren kamu görevlilerinin, kamu hizmetinin görülmesi sırasında kişilere zarar vermesi söz konusu olabilmektedir. Bu zarar verici davranışlar kural olarak idareye atfedilmektedir. İdari hizmetin görülmesi sırasında kamu görevlilerinin davranışlarından kaynaklanan zararlarda idarenin hangi sorumluluk hükümlerine göre sorumlu tutulacağı, Alman ve İsviçre Hukuk sistemlerinde Türk hukukundan farklı bir biçimde düzenlenmiştir. Örneğin, Alman Hukukunda idarenin sorumluluğu adli yargıda özel hukuk hükümlerine göre çözümlenmektedir. Hukukumuz idarenin sorumluluğu bakımından Fransız sistemini esas aldığından, idarenin kamu görevlilerinin faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan sorumluluğuna ilişkin genellikle Fransız hukukuyla karşılaştırmalı eserler bulunmakta, ancak Alman ve İsviçre hukukuna yönelik incelemeler sınırlı sayıda bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bu boşluğun doldurulması amaçlanmış, Almanya’da ve İsviçre’de idarenin kamu görevlilerinin kamu görevini kusurlu yerine getirmeleri sebebiyle meydana gelen zararlardan sorumluluğu, ilgili ülkelerin kanunlarına göre incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
MODUS OPERANDI TINDAK PIDANA PROSTITUSI MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL ONLINE
Authors: Flora Henny Saida
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK Prostitusi online adalah pembaharuan dari tindak pidana prostitusi konvensional. Jika prostitusi konvensional hanya menggunakan sarana satu tempat, satu bangunan untuk menjalankan bisnis haramnya. Sebaliknya, prostitusi online hanya menggunakan sarana teknologi, internet yang mempermudah calon pengguna dengan pria/wanita penjaja seks komersial (PSK) ataupun antara calon pengguna dengan muncikari, perantara jasa PSK. Faktor penyebab terjadinya prostitusi online yaitu faktor internal berupa faktor dari keluarga dan pergaulan pertemanan dan  Faktor eksternal berupa menghindari pelacakan petugas dan faktor ekonomi untuk memperoleh uang dalam jumlah banyak tapi cepat. Modus yang digunakan ialah menggunakan sarana pertukaran informasi elektronik, pertukaran foto, video hingga akhirnya bertemu di satu tempat untuk melakukan hubungan intim dan melakukan pembayaran atas jasa tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif  dan  menganalisis peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dengan fenomena hukum, prostitusi online sesuai yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.ABSTRACTOnline prostitution is a renewal of conventional prostitution. If conventional prostitution only uses one place, one building to run its illegitimate business. On the other hand, online prostitution only uses technological means, the internet which makes it easier for potential users and male/female commercial sex workers or between potential users and pimps, intermediaries for prostitution services. Factors causing online prostitution are internal factors in the form of factors from family and friendships and external factors in the form of avoiding tracking officers and economic factors to get large amounts of money quickly. The mode used is to use electronic information exchange facilities, exchange photos, and videos and finally meet in one place to have sex and make payments for these services. The method used in this research is normative juridical and analyzes the applicable laws and regulations regarding the legal phenomenon, of online prostitution as regulated in Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions.
INFLUENCIA DE LA ADICIÓN DE NANOSÍLICE EN LA PERMEABILIDAD DEL CONCRETO
Authors: Dongo Gómez Paula Nicole , Saavedra Pérez Orlando Javier
Published: July 2022

En la presente investigación, se estudió la influencia de la adición de nanosílice en la permeabilidad del concreto con el fin de demostrar que su uso es conveniente considerando las condiciones presentes en la ciudadde Arequipa. Se elaboraron testigos cilíndricos de concreto de 15x30 cm, considerando relaciones agua/cemento de 0.60, 0.55 y 0.50, y dosis de nanosílice de 0.5% y 0.7%, en los cuales se analizó su coeficiente de permeabilidad (a los 28 días de elaboración) y resistencia a la compresión axial (a los 3,7 y 28 días de elaboración). Los resultados evidencian que, para una dosis de 0.5% de aditivo, se generará una reducción de la permeabilidad del concreto conforme la relación agua/cemento disminuya, mientras que para una dosis de 0.7%, la permeabilidad se reducirá hasta cierto punto para luego incrementarse. En ambos casos se concluye que, mientras más cemento tenga la mezcla, menor es el efecto del aditivo. Las mezclas de concreto presentaron coeficientes de permeabilidad en el orden de 10^(-12) m/s y resistencias en el rango de 300 a 485 kgf/cm2.
AISLAMIENTO, CARACTERIZACIÓN MOLECULAR, ANTAGONISMO Y PRODUCCIÓN ÓPTIMA DE ESPORAS DE TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM POR FERMENTACIÓN SÓLIDA APLICANDO UN SUBPRODUCTO DE ORYZA SATIVA (ARROZ) COMO SUSTRATO
Authors: Medina Carpio Oscar Christian , Vera Gutiérrez Mishell Milagros , Manrique Pino Pamela Lizeth , Del Águila Guillermo Carolina , Bardales Álvarez Roxana Margarita
Published: July 2022

El tratamiento agrícola moderno afecta a los suelos reduciendo su flora microbiana y estimula a los patógenos a resistir el efecto de los agroquímicos, si bien en el mercado existe opciones biológicas estas no son competitivas, se realizan diferentes esfuerzos por desarrollar controladores biológicos que aumente el porcentaje de esporas viables, mejor desempeño del diseño de sustrato y antagonismo agresivo contra el patógeno, para realizar estas evaluaciones la presente investigación aplicó un diseño factorial aleatorio resultando una matriz de 20 unidades experimentales para determinar los valores de concentración para el diseño del sustrato y viabilidad óptima de esporas de Trichoderma spp. por fermentación sólida aplicando un subproducto de Oryza sativa (arroz) como sustrato.

Se identificaron molecularmente las cepas de estudio como Trichoderma Harzianum sp. y Fusarium oxisporum sp. los cuales fueron enfrentados en ensayos de antagonismo identificando un comportamiento competitivo e inhibidor del Trichoderma Harzianum sp., se identificaron valores de concentración y porcentaje de viabilidad óptimos durante la experimentación siendo de 3.7925 x 108 UFC /mL y un 86.74% respectivamente resultantes de 250 g de arrocillo, con 15 mL de melaza al 15% de concentración, 2.5 mL de inóculo y aireación con perforaciones finas a 5 cm de altura por encima del sustrato y espaciadas por 3 cm entre ellas. El óptimo teórico mostró valores de 4.13x 108 UFC/mL de concentración y 85.15% de viabilidad. Finalmente, la acción antagónica de Trichoderma spp. frente a Fusarium spp. por cultivo dual fue de 70.3190% en promedio de las tres repeticiones realizadas.
La comunicación del profesional de enfermería con pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en un hospital público de Chiclayo, 2021
Authors: Pacheco Sanchez Patricia Beatriz , Saavedra Covarrubia Mirian Elena
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Describir, analizar y comprender la comunicación del profesional de enfermería con pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en un hospital público de Chiclayo, 2021. Método: Investigación cualitativa, con enfoque descriptivo. La población estuvo conformada por 14 profesionales de enfermería que laboran en el área COVID del Hospital Regional Lambayeque; la muestra fue determinada por criterios de saturación y redundancia y el muestreo no probabilístico por bola de nieve. Para la recolección de datos se empleó la entrevista on-line semiestructurada, la cual fue validada por juicio de expertos y sometida a prueba piloto. Los datos fueron analizados a través del análisis temático; respetando los criterios éticos y de rigor científico. Resultados principales: Se obtuvo las siguientes categorías: 1) Barreras que interfieren en la comunicación de la enfermera con el paciente con COVID-19, 2) Repercusión del estado emocional en la comunicación entre la enfermera y paciente con COVID-19, 3) Estrategias para mejorar la comunicación con el paciente con COVID-19 y la familia. Conclusión principal: El uso de los equipos de protección personal por la enfermera(o) es una barrera para la comunicación con el paciente con COVID-19; también se evidencia que el paciente tiene miedo a la enfermedad y los profesionales de enfermería temen el contagio, por lo cual la comunicación es distante.