bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La historia contemporánea en relación con la memoria, los museos y los espacios de memoria Internacionales - pasado, presente y futuro
Authors: Vieregg Hildegard K.
Published: November 2015

El artículo examina los conceptos de Monumentos, Sitios y Museos conmemorativos a nivel internacional. Se comienza con la terminología de historia contemporánea como un término que se desarrolló y amplió desde 1950. La historia contemporánea influye también en el campo de las Bellas Artes. Los monumentos conmemorativos o sitios de la memoria en lugares auténticos son de gran importancia para la concienciación. En combinación con los museos tienen la posibilidad de recoger diversos objetos como fuentes escritas, artefactos, fotografías y registros de la historia oral como testimonios de los antiguos acontecimientos. En cuanto a los museos, esto se refleja particularmente en las concepciones de los museos para la Guerra y la Paz, los museos de la Memoria sobre el Genocidio, y los museos de Movimientos de Resistencia. Un artefacto particular del ataque terrorista del 11 de septiembre de 2001 es la Karyatide del famoso artista alemán Fritz Koenig, ahora colocado en el Battery Park al sur de Manhattan. Por último, el Memorial y Museo Nacional 11 de Septiembre se explica junto con su arquitectura, la idea de “Ausencia Reflexionada” y la Misión de la Memoria para el futuro.
Estrategias museográficas actuales relacionadas con la museología crítica
Authors: Lorente Jesús Pedro
Published: November 2015

Este artículo evita la mera disquisición teórica sobre museología crítica, sugiriendo en lugar de ello algunas pistas para calibrar su influencia en la praxis museal. Ante todo, se propone como emblemático de la museografía crítica el uso de interrogaciones en lugar de discursos asertivos; en segundo lugar, la sustitución de la impersonal autoridad institucional por prácticas participativas e interpretaciones compartidas, para dar idea de una variedad de opiniones, incluyendo las de gentes ajenas al museo; finalmente, es un rasgo distintivo el énfasis en la naturaleza subjetiva de los montajes museísticos, mostrando sus cambios a través de la historia, y señalando la autoría personal de las presentaciones y textos en el museo.
La situación de los museos españoles ante la crisis. El patrimonio implicado
Authors: Barrio Fernández Teresa , Zubiaur Carreño Francisco Javier
Published: November 2015

La crisis como coyuntura y tránsito a una nueva situación, y el cambio social que parece conllevar, lejos de ser un fenómeno exclusivamente actual, viene acompañando a los museos españoles desde décadas atrás, debido a indecisiones, faltas de planificación, cambios políticos y de estrategias de funcionamiento. Pero será a partir de la Transición democrática, y la década de 1980, en que comenzará a fraguarse la llamada “burbuja” de los museos, que estalla bajo el “efecto Guggenheim” a finales del siglo XX, seguida de la merma de presupuestos oficiales para el sostenimiento del sistema museístico que trae como consecuencia la tan mencionada “crisis” económica desde aproximadamente 2008. El artículo examina esta situación y advierte de que el momento delicado que viven los museos en la actualidad es ocasión para replantearse su futuro y adaptarse a una nueva realidad cambiante. El Museo Etnológico de Navarra “Julio Caro Baroja” constituye un caso de adaptación a tales circunstancias.
Co-Management: Social communications’ gaps of Coastal Tourism in Seribu Islands
Authors: H. Hengky S.
Published: November 2015

This study was conducted to respond the statement of the Coordinating Minister for Maritime and Resources, city government, and the central government, who planned to settle down the Seribu islands, becomes a center of marine travel in Indonesia by developing the infrastructure, increasing an environment awareness, and strengthening community empowerment. Factually, environment awareness becomes the main issues on the island. Based on the social-communication, which is one of six domains of co-management, is considered relevant to enhance the program on the island. This research aim is to find out the social communications gaps on implementing co-management of the coastal tourism management in the islands. Based on the research tabulation, the study found that there is a significant gap (33.5%) of communal communications. The government could decrease the gap by aligning the priority of the social communications by using the people-centered on supporting the program. It would be done by starting their priority became interactional learning, training sustainable coastal tourism, and raising public awareness. At the same time, the government informing the program aim by using social media, and inviting to the local community on an interactive learning program that would accommodate their ideas.
An Unusual Case of Metastatic Seminoma in a Dog
Authors: Dugat Danielle R. , Medici Emily L. , Rochat Mark C. , Arble Jason A. , Snider Timothy A.
Published: November 2015

An 8 yr old, reportedly castrated male Boston terrier presented with a history of generalized hyperesthesia and intermittent shifting leg lameness. Physical examination revealed a caudal abdominal mass and bilateral shoulder pain. A complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, and urinalysis were unremarkable. Thoracic radiographs demonstrated bony proliferation and lysis of the third sternebra, an expansile lesion of the left tenth rib, and lucency in both proximal humeral metaphyses. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound revealed a soft tissue mass within the caudoventral right abdomen. Ultrasonography also revealed an enlarged lymph node within the right retroperitoneal space. Exploratory laparotomy identified the mass as a retained testicle. A cryptorchidectomy, lymph node biopsy, and bilateral percutaneous core biopsies of the proximal humeri were performed. Histopathologic examination revealed malignant seminoma of the testicle with metastasis to lymph node and bone. Adjuvant chemotherapy was recommended, but it was declined by the owner. All follow-up was lost. This case highlights a unique case for causative hyperesthesia secondary to a novel site of metastasis from malignant seminoma. Metastasis to bone has not been reported in humans or dogs and represents a very unusual and aberrant variant of the normally relatively benign biological behavior of seminoma in the dog.
Orbital and Subcutaneous Emphysema Following Enucleation and Respiratory Distress in a Japanese Chin
Authors: Gornik Kara R. , Pirie Christopher G. , Alario Anthony F.
Published: November 2015

A 7 yr old, neutered male Japanese chin presented to the Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University (CSVMTU) for evaluation of chronic unilateral orbital swelling that worsened following an episode of respiratory distress. The left eye had been enucleated 5 yr previously. Intermittent mild-to-moderate left orbital swelling had been noted by the owner since the initial surgery. Examination demonstrated a moderate-to-severe, soft, fluctuant swelling involving the left orbit with erythema of the overlying skin. Crepitus was noted over the occipital tuberosity. Computed tomography revealed a large volume of gas involving the left orbit. The gas extended caudally within the subcutaneous tissues to both hemimandibles, dorsal to the cranium, and partially surrounded the cranial neck. The presence of a mucosa-lined, air-filled space with a patent nasolacrimal duct was noted on orbital exploration. The lining was removed and the duct closed. Histopathology confirmed the presence of an epithelial lining. No recurrence of the swelling was observed on examination 8 wk after surgery. This is the first report documenting acute worsening of orbital swelling following an episode of respiratory distress. This case highlights the importance of addressing the nasolacrimal duct while performing an enculeation in a brachycephalic dog.
Bricolage in Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Bacq Sophie , Ofstein Laurel F. , Kickul Jill R. , Gundry Lisa K.
Published: November 2015

Social entrepreneurs face unique challenges in their dual pursuit of social and financial value creation to address pressing societal problems. While social entrepreneurs' behaviour and actions have been highlighted as an important source of creativity and innovation, this issue has largely been underresearched in the field of entrepreneurship. This paper explores the role of social entrepreneurs' bricolage behaviour in enabling their enterprises to scale their operations. The authors test their hypothesis on a unique database of 123 social enterprises using an online survey. They find a positive relationship between entrepreneurial bricolage and the scaling of social impact. The paper concludes with study implications, post hoc analyses and limitations and directions for future research.
Drishtee: Balancing Social Mission and Financial Sustainability in Rural India
Authors: Desa Geoff , Koch James L.
Published: November 2015

This case follows the early developments of Drishtee, an Indian social enterprise, and the evolving thoughts of its CEO – Satyan Mishra. Drishtee, founded in 2001, was initially developed to address opportunities in information and communications technology (ICT) in rural India and scaled to serve people in over 9,000 villages. While the initial social opportunity appeared to be fairly straightforward (to provide fee-based digital government documents to rural citizens), a deeper analysis of the social problem leads the reader into the tangled world of social business. The venture faces regulatory and disintermediation challenges when trying to scale the provision of government services. As the venture starts to scale, it faces two distinct pivot points: first, when deciding whether to maintain a partnership with the government and, second, when trying to create a financially viable business model. The reader bears witness to the underlying tensions between social mission and market pressures as the company evolves from a government service provider to a commercial kiosk operator.
Scaling Social Enterprise through Franchising
Authors: Conway Clifford
Published: November 2015

‘Internet Review’ provides critical commentary on entrepreneurship, small business and innovation information on the Web.
The prognostic significance of preoperative leukocytosis and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer
Authors: Ozcan Cihat , Telli Onur , Ozturk Erdem , Suer Evren , Gokce Mehmet Ilker , Gulpinar Omer , Oztuna Derya , Baltaci Sumer , Gogus Cagatay
Published: November 2015

Introduction: We evaluated the prognostic effects of hematologic parameters of preoperative leukocytosis and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 363 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between January 1990 and June 2013. In total, 286 patients were included in the study. Age, gender, pathologic stage, lymph node involvement, preoperative hydronephrosis, histologic subtype, surgical margin status, and lymphovascular invasion were recorded for each patient. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine the prognostic value of the preoperative clinical and laboratory parameters on disease-specific survival (DSS). Additionally, the correlation between leukocytosis and other factors were evaluated.Results: According to the univariate analysis preoperative leukocytosis and NLR were detected as negative prognostic factors on DSS. Preoperative leukocytosis, NLR, stage, lymph node involvement, histologic subtype, grade and age were independent prognostic factors for DSS, on multivariate analysis. Patients with leukocytosis had higher stage, grade and lymphovascular invasion.Conclusions: Inexpensive, reproducible, and readily available peripheral blood count components of white blood cell count and NLR were independent prognostic factors, which can stratify DSS risks in bladder cancer patients who underwent radical cystectomy.
Precise control of caval and hepatic vessels: Surgical technique to treat level III caval thrombus concomitant to renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Ming , Xu Bin , Liu Ning , Jiang Hua , Wang Yiduo , Yang Yu , Zhang Xiaowen , Sun Chao , Liu Jing , Zhu Weidong , Chen Shuqiu
Published: November 2015

Introduction: We investigated the surgical techniques, safety, and prevention of complications of nephrectomy and removal of tumour thrombus for treating level III inferior vena cava (IVC) concomitant to renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We did this by precise controlling IVC and hepatic vessels without a vascular bypass.Methods: In this series, we included 5 patients with level III IVC tumour thrombus below the hepatic vein concomitant to RCC. After precisely controlling the IVC and hepatic vessels, we then removed the thrombus en bloc with the renal vein. Blood loss volume, IVC clamping time, hypotension time, resuscitation, cardiocerebrovascular complications, and postoperative organ dysfunction were observed.Results: Surgery was successfully performed without perioperative death. Blood loss volume was 900 to 1500 mL, operation time was 165 to 250 minutes, vascular clamping time was 8 to 12 minutes, and intraoperative hypotension time was 9 to 12 minutes. Serious perioperative complications were not observed. Local recurrence was not observed during the 9 to 24 months of follow-up. One patient exhibited disease-free survival, 3 developed lung or liver metastasis, and 1 died 11 months after surgery.Conclusion: Precise control of IVC and hepatic pedicle vessels, without vascular bypass, is a safe and effective surgical treatment for level III tumor thrombus below the hepatic vein concomitant to RCC. The procedure was conducted without increased risks of intraoperative hypotensive shock, difficult resuscitation, pulmonary embolism, and multiple organ dysfunctions.
Impact of obesity on functional and oncological outcomes in radical perineal prostatectomy
Authors: Altay Bulent , Erkurt Bulent , Guzelburc Vahit , Kiremit Murat Can , Boz Mustafa Yucel , Albayrak Selami
Published: November 2015

Introduction: We evaluated the impact of obesity on perioperative morbidity, functional, and oncological outcomes after radical perineal prostatectomy (RPP).Methods: A total of 298 consecutive patients underwent RPP at our institution. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on their body mass index (BMI): Normal weight <25 kg/m2 (Group 1), overweight 25 to <30 kg/m2 (Group 2), and obese ≥30 kg/m2 (Group 3). We compared the groups with respect to perioperativedata, postoperative oncologic, and functional outcomes. Evaluation of urinary continence and erectile function was performed using a patient-reported questionnaire and the International Index of Erectile Function-5 questionnaire, respectively, administered preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Limitations included shortfollow-up time, retrospective design and lack of a morbidly obese group.Results: No significant differences were found among the 3 groups with regard to operative time, estimated blood loss, length of hospital stay, catheter removal time, positive surgical margin, and complication rates. At 12 months, 94.7%, 95% and 95% of normal, overweight and obese patients, respectively, were continent (freeof pad use) (p = 0.81). At 12 months, 30.6%, 29.8% and 30.4% of patients had spontaneous erections and were able to penetrate and complete intercourse in Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3, respectively (p = 0.63).Conclusions: In this cohort of patients, no clinically relevant risks were associated with increasing BMI.
Visceral obesity: A new risk factor for stone disease
Authors: Akarken Ilker , Tarhan Hüseyin , Ekin Rahmi Gökhan , Çakmak Özgür , Koç Gökhan , Ilbey Yusuf Özlem , Zorlu Ferruh
Published: November 2015

Introduction: We examined the relationship between stone disease and the amount of visceral adipose tissue measured with unenhanced computed tomography (CT).Methods: We included 149 patients with complaints of flank pain and kidney stones detected by CT, from August 2012 to April 2013. In addition, as the control group we included 139 healthy individuals, with flank pain within the same time period, with no previous history of urological disease and no current kidney stones identified by CT. Patients were analyzed for age, gender, body mass index, amount of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and serum level of low-density lipoprotein and triglyceride.Results: There were no differences between groups in terms of gender and age (p = 0.27 and 0.06, respectively). Respective measurements for the stone and control groups for body mass index were 29.1 and 27.6 kg/m2; for visceral fat measurement 186.0 and 120.2 cm2; and for subcutaneous fat measurements 275.9 and 261.9 cm2 (p = 0.01; 0.01 and 0.36, respectively). Using multivariate analysis, the following factors were identified as increasing the risk of kidney stone formation: hyperlipidemia (p = 0.003), hypertension (p = 0.001), and ratio of visceral fat tissue to subcutaneous fat tissue (p = 0.01). Our study has its limitations, including its retrospective nature, its small sample size, possible selection bias, and missing data. The lack of stone composition data is another major limitation of our study.Conclusion: The ratio of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue, in addition to obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, was identified as an emerging factor in the formation of kidney stones.
Impact of nerve stimulator-guided obturator nerve block on the short-term outcomes and complications of transurethral resection of bladder tumour: A prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Bolat Deniz , Aydogdu Ozgu , Tekgul Zeki Tuncel , Polat Salih , Yonguc Tarik , Bozkurt Ibrahim Halil , Sen Volkan , Okur Onur
Published: November 2015

Introduction: In this prospective randomized controlled study, we investigated the efficacy of obturator nerve block (ONB) on adductor muscle spasm and related short-term outcomes and complications in patients who underwent transurethral resection of lateral wall-located bladder tumours (TURBT).Methods: Between July 2014 and February 2015, 70 patients scheduled to undergo TUR of lateral bladder wall tumours were enrolled in the study. All patients were preoperatively evaluated by cystoscopy and imaging tools and selected according to localized tumours on the lateral bladder wall. Patients were randomly allocated to Group SA (35 patients who underwent only spinal anesthesia) and Group ONB (35 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia combined with ONB by the nerve stimulator). An independent observer, blinded to the approach, evaluated the obturator signs, including adductor muscle contraction, bladder perforation, and completeness of the resection during the TURBT procedure.Results: The differences between groups regarding mean operation time, tumour size, and number were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Adductor muscle contraction was detected in 40% of patients in Group SA and 11.4% in Group ONB. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.021). Complete bladder perforation was detected in 2 patients in Group SA, whereas no perforation was observed in Group ONB. There was no case of severe bleeding in both groups. Conclusions: We found that ONB performed after spinal anesthesia was effective in preventing intraoperative complications due to adductor muscle spasm while performing TURBT. Our study limitations include its small sample size, since we only enrolled patients with primary lateral wall-localized bladder tumo
Analysis of prognostic factors affecting mortality in Fournier’s gangrene: A study of 72 cases
Authors: Tarchouli Mohamed , Bounaim Ahmed , Essarghini Mohamed , Ratbi Moulay Brahim , Belhamidi Mohamed Said , Bensal Abdelhak , Zemmouri Adil , Ali Abdelmounaim Ait , Sair Khalid
Published: November 2015

Introduction: Fournier’s gangrene is a rapidly progressing necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum and genital area associated with a high mortality rate. We presented our experience in managing this entity and identified prognostic factors affecting mortality.Methods: We carried out a retrospective study of 72 patients treated for Fournier’s gangrene at our institution between January 2005 and December 2014. Patients were divided into survivors and nonsurvivors and potential prognostic factors were analyzed.Results: Of the 72 patients, 64 were males (89%) and 8 females (11%), with a mean age of 51 years. The most common predisposing factor was diabetes mellitus (38%). The mortality rate was 17% (12 patients died). Statistically significant differences were not found in age, gender, and predisposing factors, except in heart disease (p = 0.038). Individual laboratory parameters significantly correlating with mortality included hemoglobin (p = 0.023), hematocrit (p = 0.019), serum urea (p = 0.009), creatinine (p = 0.042), and potassium (p = 0.026). Severe sepsis on admission and the extent of affected surface area also predicted higher mortality. Others factors, such as duration of symptoms before admission, number of surgical debridement, diverting colostomy and length of hospital stay, did not show significant differences. The median Fournier’s Gangrene Severity Index (FGSI) was significantly higher in non-survivors (p = 0.002).Conclusion: Fournier’s gangrene is a severe surgical emergency requiring early diagnosis and aggressive therapy. Identification of prognostic factors is essential to establish an optimal treatment and to improve outcome. The FGSI is a simple and valid method for predicting disease severity and patient survival.
Impact of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy on Platelet Counts in Patients With Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Amiri Mohamadreza
Published: November 2015

This study was a before and after clinical evaluation of Helicobacter pylori eradication on platelet counts in a group of 23 patients with chronic Idiopathic (Autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura (CITP). H. pylori infection was identified in patients by a 13C-urea breath test and confirmed by an H. pylori stool antigen test. Eradication was conducted in patients testing positive. Infected (n = 10) and uninfected (n = 13) patient groups did not differ with respect to age, gender, history of previous splenectomy, treatment with anti-D, current treatment with corticosteroids, or initial platelet counts. H pylori eradication was successful in eight infected CITP patients, with two patients not responsive to treatment. Compared to the uninfected group, patients in the infected group who responded to eradication therapy had significantly increased platelet counts after six months (56.2 ± 22.2 vs. 233 ± 85.6 ×103 million cells/L; P < 0.01), whereas platelet counts in the non-responding patients and uninfected group did not differ after this period of time. H. pylori eradication promotes significant platelet count improvement in patients with CITP. Thus, all patients with CITP should be tested and treated for H. pylori infections.
Prediction of Depression in Cancer Patients With Different Classification Criteria, Linear Discriminant Analysis versus Logistic Regression
Authors: Shayan Zahra , Mohammad Gholi Mezerji Naser , Shayan Leila , Naseri Parisa
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND: Logistic regression (LR) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) are two popular statistical models for prediction of group membership. Although they are very similar, the LDA makes more assumptions about the data. When categorical and continuous variables used simultaneously, the optimal choice between the two models is questionable. In most studies, classification error (CE) is used to discriminate between subjects in several groups, but this index is not suitable to predict the accuracy of the outcome. The present study compared LR and LDA models using classification indices.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study selected 243 cancer patients. Sample sets of different sizes (n = 50, 100, 150, 200, 220) were randomly selected and the CE, B, and Q classification indices were calculated by the LR and LDA models.

RESULTS: CE revealed the a lack of superiority for one model over the other, but the results showed that LR performed better than LDA for the B and Q indices in all situations. No significant effect for sample size on CE was noted for selection of an optimal model. Assessment of the accuracy of prediction of real data indicated that the B and Q indices are appropriate for selection of an optimal model.

CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that LR performs better in some cases and LDA in others when based on CE. The CE index is not appropriate for classification, although the B and Q indices performed better and offered more efficient criteria for comparison and discrimination between groups.
Alcohol Abuse and Suicide Attempt in Iran: A Case-Crossover Study
Authors: Ghanbari Behrooz , Malakouti Seyed Kazem , Nojomi Marzieh , De Leo Diego , Saeed Khalid
Published: November 2015

Alcohol use and its disorders are associated with increased risk of suicidal behaviors Research has shown that 6-8% of those who use alcohol have a history of suicide attempt. Given the prohibition of alcohol use legally, the increased alcohol consumption, and the lack of strong evidence in favor of its use associated with suicide in Iran, this study was conducted to determine the link between suicide attempt and alcohol abuse. The case-crossover method was used in this research. Out of 305 referrals to the emergency room due to a suicide attempt, 100 reported drinking alcohol up to six hours before their attempt. Paired Matching and Usual Frequency were employed to analyze the data with STATA 12.0. The probability of attempting suicide up to six hours after drinking alcohol appeared increased by 27 times (95% CI: 8.1-60.4). Separate analysis for each of these hours from the first to the sixth hour after alcohol use was also performed. Fifty percent of attempted suicides happened one hour after alcohol use. Relative risk for the first and second hour was 10% and 5% respectively. Alcohol use is a strong proximal risk factor for attempted suicide among Iranian subjects. Prevention of alcohol use should be considered in setting up of the national Suicide attempt prevention program.
Evaluation of the Criteria for Quality of Life of Elderly Health Care Centers in Tehran Province, Iran
Authors: Farzianpour Fereshteh , Arab Mohammad , Foroushani Abbas Rahimi , Zali Mehran Esmaeil Morad
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the elderly quality of life of people covered by the healthcare centers in Tehran and its influencing demographic and background factors.

METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study of quality of life of the elderly population covered by healthcare centers and bases in Tehran, as well as the influential background and demographic factors. Sampling was performed using simple random stratified sampling proportionate to the size of strata. Data were collected using the Iranian version of the standard questionnaire Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).

RESULTS: According to the findings, 240 (60%) of the cases were men and 160 (40%) were women. Regarding age distribution, 76.3% fell in the 60-69 age range and 87.2% were illiterate. 18% of the elderly stated that they have financial problems and 19.5% did not express any financial problems. While studying the relationship between financial status and health status with the mean scores of quality of life, statistically significant differences were observed in all domains (p=0.032<0.001). The mean quality of life was lower in women compared to men.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study indicate that the health-related quality of life in the elderly population is influenced by their health status and demographic and background variables.
Solutions of the Problems of a Viscoelastic Dynamic Contact between Smooth Curvilinear Surfaces of two Solid Bodies by the Application of the “Method of the Specific Forces”
Authors: Goloshchapov Nikolay
Published: November 2015

Solutions of the problems of a viscoelastic dynamic contact between smooth curvilinear surfaces of two solid bodies by the application of the “Method of the specific forces” have been given in the article, and the new conception for the definition of the elastic and the viscous forces in the common case of dynamics of a viscoelastic contact is proposed here by the further development of this method. Essence of this method is that, the forces of viscosity and the forces of elasticity can be found by integration of the specific forces acting inside an elementary volume of the contact zone. It is shown here, that this method allows finding the viscoelastic forces for any theoretical or experimental dependencies between the distance of mutual approach of two solid bodies and the diameter of the contact area. Also, the derivation of the integral equations of the viscoelastic forces, the equations for pressure in the contact is presented. Viscoelastic dynamic contacts between two spherical bodies, and between a spherical solid body and a semi-space at impact have been examined. Work and Energy in the phases of compression and restitution, and at the rolling shear have been derived. Approximate solutions for the differential equations of movement (displacement) by using the method of equivalent work have been derived. Equations for the normal contact stresses have been obtained. Also, equations for kinematic and dynamic parameters of the viscoelastic collision have been derived in this article. Examples of the comparison of theoretical results and conclusions have been given in the paper.
Un análisis del movimiento de la Educación Inclusiva en Canadá. Cómo trabajar
Authors: Bunch Gary
Published: November 2015

Canadá a menudo es considerado como una nación líder en el área de la educación y la discapacidad inclusive. Como Andreas Hinz (2006) de Alemania, escribe, Canadá "ha hecho la inclusión de un sello distintivo de sus sistemas educativos". Este punto de vista es válido con respecto a cuatro de las 13 jurisdicciones provinciales y territoriales en Canadá. Tras la llegada de la Educación Inclusiva como un solo enfoque más social a la educación y los estudiantes con discapacidad, diferentes concepciones han desarrollado en todo el país. Nueve gobiernos consideran la educación inclusiva a ser un sistema de valores que no obliga a la educación en las mismas aulas para todos los estudiantes. Estos gobiernos mantienen el modelo de educación especial para aquellos estudiantes considerados incapaces de beneficiarse de la educación en las mismas aulas que sus compañeros típicos. Los tres territorios del norte y la provincia atlántica de Nueva Brunswick también creen educación inclusiva sea un sistema de valores. Sin embargo, estas jurisdicciones se han movido más allá del Modelo de Educación Especial y de su dependencia de los diferentes niveles de segregación para muchos estudiantes con discapacidades. Sobre la base de la justicia social y la educación académica y social más fuerte, estos cuatro sistemas de educación están desarrollando y empleando las estrategias organizativas y pedagógicas que apoyan la inclusión de todos los estudiantes en aulas regulares.
La autoevaluación de centros en España para la atención a la diversidad desde una perspectiva inclusiva: ACADI
Authors: Arnaiz Pilar , Guirao Jose Manuel
Published: November 2015

Este trabajo presenta el proceso de diseño, depuración y validación del instrumento ACADI  (Autoevaluación de Centros para la Atención a la Diversidad desde la Inclusión). Este instrumento, fundamentado en el modelo de la educación inclusiva,  pretende el desarrollo de una atención eficaz a la diversidad del alumnado escolarizado en centros de Educación Infantil, Primaria y Secundaria. Tomando como referencia dicho sistema de indicadores, se diseñó un primer instrumento capaz de medirlo. A partir de este momento, iniciamos el proceso de validación del mismo que implicó dos grandes fases: el estudio de la validez de contenido a través de la participación de dieciocho jueces; y el análisis de la fiabilidad del instrumento mediante su pilotaje en centros educativos de la Región de Murcia. Los resultados de este estudio confirman que el instrumento diseñado es válido y fiable para la autoevaluación de centros, siendo capaz de generar procesos de reflexión colegiada que alumbren planes de mejora que contribuyan a la creación de contextos educativos cada vez más inclusivos.
Evaluación de los grupos interactivos desde el paradigma de la educación inclusiva
Authors: Muntaner Joan Jordi , Pinya Carmen , De la Iglesia Begoña
Published: November 2015

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar las sesiones de aula cuya organización se basa en los Grupos Interactivos (GI), para determinar las variables que aseguran que sean prácticas inclusivas. A partir del estudio de caso único, centrado en el CEIP Pintor Joan Miró (Palma de Mallorca), se llevan a cabo cuatro grupos focales, análisis documental y debate posterior con el claustro de profesores para analizar la programación, implementación y evaluación de los GI en las etapas de Infantil y Primaria. Se presentan los materiales, estrategias, recursos, obstáculos, dudas y también alternativas que permiten establecer propuestas de mejora a nivel de centro. A partir de los resultados más relevantes se concluye que las altas expectativas y los actos dialógicos en los GI son variables determinantes para la inclusión educativa y, por lo tanto, , las prácticas que se desarrollan en este tipo de organización aumentan la participación y el aprendizaje de todos.
Luces entre sombras de la Orientación
Authors: Echeverría Samanes Benito , Martínez Clares Pilar
Published: November 2015

El papel estratégico que desempeña la orientación permanente en el triángulo educación-formación-empleo obliga a reconsiderar la viabilidad y sentido de los muchos y variados tipos de intervención desarrollados hasta ahora. El monográfico ofrece una muestra patente de algunas de ellas, resumidas en este artículo. Tras analizarlas, los autores plantean la necesidad de un Sistema Integrado de Información y Orientación (SIO) capaz de poner orden, interrelacionar y conjuntar múltiples iniciativas desperdigadas, que podrían ser más funcionales, eficientes y eficaces, aplicando el principio de “más vale sumar que restar”.
La tutoría universitaria: del modelo actual a un modelo integral
Authors: Álvarez González Manuel , Álvarez Justel Josefina
Published: November 2015

Este artículo señala la importancia de la acción tutorial en una educación universitaria de calidad y en un espacio de convergencia docente y tutorial, que tiene como objetivo primordial la formación integral del alumnado. Ahora bien, hemos de admitir que el modelo de tutoría actual ha mostrado una serie de déficits que no le han permitido cumplir con su cometido. Para ello, es necesario plantear una serie de aspectos de mejora que nos conduzcan a un modelo integral de tutoría donde han de tener cabida, de forma coordinada, los diferentes niveles o modalidades de tutoría, con la implicación, motivación y formación de todos los agentes educativos y de orientación de la institución. Y, para que este nuevo modelo tutorial pueda implantarse, requiere de un cambio en la función tutorial como un aspecto de la función docente y se han de facilitar las condiciones que permitan la consolidación de dicho modelo y esto no pude venir exclusivamente por la vía de una mera imposición (mandato legal), sino a través de un verdadero plan estratégico, que esté consensuado por todos.
Políticas y prácticas en la formación permanente del profesorado en TIC en Cataluña
Authors: Ornellas Adriana , Sánchez Joan-Anton , Fraga Colman Leticia , Domingo Laura
Published: November 2015

En este artículo presentamos los resultados que emergen de una de las dimensiones investigadas en el proyecto “Políticas y prácticas en torno a las TIC en la enseñanza obligatoria: Implicaciones para la innovación y la mejora” (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. SEJ2007-67562). Nos centramos aquí en uno de los factores determinantes del éxito o fracaso de las políticas destinadas a transformar las prácticas educativas a partir de la integración de las TIC: la formación inicial y permanente del profesorado.
La formación del profesorado de Educación Primaria ante las competencias básicas
Authors: Ramírez García Antonia
Published: November 2015

La finalidad de este trabajo es mostrar la opinión que los maestros de Educación Primaria tienen sobre la formación recibida respecto a las competencias básicas. La investigación ha sido financiada por la Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Andalucía y se sustenta en un diseño empírico, descriptivo y correlacional. Los participantes han sido 245 docentes cordobeses de educación primaria, a quienes se suministró un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc para este estudio. Los resultados obtenidos resultan desiguales, pero manifiestan la necesidad de un cambio en los procesos de formación docente, centrándolos sobre todo en las demandas del contexto educativo.
El fracaso escolar y los enfoques de aprendizaje: medidas para la inclusión educativa
Authors: Mirete Ruiz Ana Belén , Soro Bernal Marta , Maquilón Sánchez Javier Jerónimo
Published: November 2015

El índice de fracaso escolar existente actualmente en España resulta muy preocupante a pesar de las numerosas reformas educativas que se han llevado a cabo en los últimos años.

Para analizar los factores motivacionales y de estrategias de aprendizaje que pueden estar incidiendo en la calidad del aprendizaje de los estudiantes se ha realizado una investigación con 281 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria a los que se ha aplicado el Cuestionario sobre Procesos de Aprendizaje  (CPA). También se les ha planteado una serie de cuestiones sobre aspectos relacionados con la inclusión, los factores que pueden estar influyendo en el fracaso escolar y las medidas de mejora del rendimiento académico aplicadas por los estudiantes según sus enfoques de aprendizaje.
Con ello se ha podido identificar las características de los aprendizajes de este grupo de estudiantes y se han planteado una serie de propuestas de mejora que de ser aplicadas podrían repercutir en la calidad de sus aprendizajes, en la mejora de su rendimiento académico y en minimizar los nefastos efectos del fracaso escolar en este nivel educativo.
Experiences with food insecurity and risky sex among low‐income people living with HIV/AIDS in a resource‐rich setting
Authors: Whittle Henry J , Palar Kartika , Napoles Tessa , Hufstedler Lee Lemus , Ching Irene , Hecht Frederick M , Frongillo Edward A , Weiser Sheri D
Published: November 2015

Background

Forty‐nine million individuals are food insecure in the United States, where food insecurity and HIV/AIDS are prevalent among the urban poor. Food insecurity is associated with risky sexual behaviours among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). No qualitative studies, however, have investigated the mechanisms underlying this relationship either in a resource‐rich setting or among populations that include men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods

Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted with 34 low‐income PLHIV receiving food assistance in the San Francisco Bay Area. The interviews explored experiences with food insecurity and perceived associations with sexual risk behaviours. Interviews were conducted in English, audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and analyzed according to content analysis methods using an inductive‐deductive approach.

Results

Food insecurity was reported to be a strong contributor to risky sexual practices among MSM and female participants. Individuals described engaging in transactional sex for food or money to buy food, often during times of destitution. Participants also explained how food insecurity could lead to condomless sex despite knowledge of and desire to use safe sexual practices, largely because the need to obtain food in the short term was prioritized over the desire to use barrier protection.

Conclusions

Our data extend previous research by demonstrating that food insecurity contributes to transactional and unprotected sex among urban poor individuals in a resource‐rich setting, including among MSM. These findings underscore the importance of public health and social intervention efforts focused on structural inequalities.
Group Medical Visits Using an Empowerment-based Model as Treatment for Women with Chronic Pain in an Underserved Community
Authors: Geller Jeffrey S. , Kulla Jill , Shoemaker Alena
Published: November 2015

Background:

Over the past decade, group medical visits have become more prevalent. Group medical visits may have some advantages in treating chronic illnesses such as chronic pain as they can be more patient centered. The empowerment model is a novel approach used to provide support, education, and healthy activities guided by participants.

Objective:

To evaluate the early stages of a chronic pain group medical visit program based on the empowerment model.

Methods:

This prospective cohort study recruited 60 female participants to participate between October 2004 and May 2005. All enrolled participants completed the SF-36 questionnaire, which was administered at baseline and again after 6 months of participation. Data from chart review included age, race, weight, height, chronic illness, chronic pain diagnosis, and degree of participation. Chronic pain diagnoses included back pain, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid/inflammatory arthritis, and other/unknown.

Results:

Forty-two participants were enrolled in the program for 6 months. Their average Charleson Comorbidity Index score was 3.1 (SD=1.5). Statistically significant changes (P<.05) were seen in the following SF-36 categories: Role-Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Social Function, and Mental Health. All factors trended toward improvement, with the largest improvements seen in Role-Physical and Role-Emotional.

Conclusion:

Participants in the chronic pain group medical visit program had a high degree of comorbidity and poor health related quality of life in regards to functioning. There was improvement in many domains of health-related quality of life.
Shared Medical Appointments: A Portal for Nutrition and Culinary Education in Primary Care—A Pilot Feasibility Project
Authors: Delichatsios Helen K. , Hauser Michelle E. , Burgess Jonathan D. , Eisenberg David M.
Published: November 2015

Introduction:

Diseases linked to obesity such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, degenerative joint disease, gastroesophageal reflux, and sleep apnea constitute a large portion of primary care visits. Patients with these conditions often lack knowledge, skills, and support needed to maintain health. Shared medical appointments (SMAs) that include culinary skills and nutrition education offer a novel, cost-effective way to address these diseases in primary care.

Methods:

Adult patients in a primary care practice at a large academic hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, who had at least 1 cardiovascular risk factor were invited to participate in SMAs that included cooking demonstrations and teaching about nutrition in addition to medical management of their conditions. Sessions were conducted by a physician and an assistant in a conference room of a traditional primary care practice as part of a pilot feasibility project.

Results:

Seventy patients, contributing a total of 156 patient visits, attended 17 nutrition-focused SMAs over a 4-year period. Patients were surveyed after each visit and indicated that they enjoyed the SMAs, would consider alternating SMAs with traditional one-on-one visits, and would recommend SMAs to others. Half would pay out of pocket or a higher copay to attend SMAs. Financially, the practice broke even compared with traditional one-on-one office visits.

Conclusion:

In this feasibility study, chronic disease SMAs conducted with a culinary/nutrition focus were feasible, cost-effective, and well received by patients. Follow-up studies are needed to evaluate short- and long-term outcomes of this SMA model on obesity-related diseases.
Resilient Warrior: A Stress Management Group to Improve Psychological Health in Service Members
Authors: Sylvia Louisa G. , Bui Eric , Baier Allison L. , Mehta Darshan H. , Denninger John W. , Fricchione Gregory L. , Casey Aggie , Kagan Leslee , Park Elyse R. , Simon Naomi M.
Published: November 2015

Background:

Many veterans deployed after 9/11/2001 are impacted by subthreshold levels of post-traumatic stress, anxiety, or other psychological health problems that may interfere with successful reintegration. Conventional treatments, including medication and trauma-focused individual psychotherapies, may not be optimally adapted, accepted, or effective to treat these subsyndromal symptoms.

Methods:

We developed “Resilient Warrior,” a 4-session, group-based, mind-body stress-management and resilience program targeted to build skills and assessed whether its format was accessible and acceptable, and potentially efficacious, to support resilience among service members.

Results:

From April 2014 to October 2014, 15 participants (53.3% women; mean age=36.6 y; SD=6.2) were surveyed for program acceptability and feasibility and completed self-reported psychological health outcomes before and after program participation. The majority (71.4%) of participants reported that the program included the right number of sessions, and all of them reported that it was helpful and relevant and that they would recommend it to others. While changes in self-reported resilience were only marginal, participation was associated with improvements in depressive symptoms, perceived stress, anxiety, and general sense of self efficacy.

Conclusion:

These pilot data provide preliminary support that “Resilient Warrior,” a group-based, stress reduction and resilience program, may improve psychological health in service members even when delivered in community settings. Randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up periods are needed to establish efficacy and effectiveness for this program.
Generation of an expandable intermediate mesoderm restricted progenitor cell line from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Kumar Nathan , Richter Jenna , Cutts Josh , Bush Kevin T , Trujillo Cleber , Nigam Sanjay K , Gaasterland Terry , Brafman David , Willert Karl
Published: November 2015

The field of tissue engineering entered a new era with the development of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which are capable of unlimited expansion whilst retaining the potential to differentiate into all mature cell populations. However, these cells harbor significant risks, including tumor formation upon transplantation. One way to mitigate this risk is to develop expandable progenitor cell populations with restricted differentiation potential. Here, we used a cellular microarray technology to identify a defined and optimized culture condition that supports the derivation and propagation of a cell population with mesodermal properties. This cell population, referred to as intermediate mesodermal progenitor (IMP) cells, is capable of unlimited expansion, lacks tumor formation potential, and, upon appropriate stimulation, readily acquires properties of a sub-population of kidney cells. Interestingly, IMP cells fail to differentiate into other mesodermally-derived tissues, including blood and heart, suggesting that these cells are restricted to an intermediate mesodermal fate.