bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Revised Point-of-Care Test for the Detection of Feline Leukaemia p27 Antigen and Anti-p15E Antibodies in Cats
Authors: Giselbrecht Juliana , Jähne Stéphanie , Bergmann Michèle , Meli Marina L. , Teichmann-Knorrn Svenja , Zablotski Yury , Pennisi Maria-Grazia , Layachi Nicolas , Serra Rodrigo , Bo Stefano , Hofmann-Lehmann Regina , Hartmann Katrin
Published: April 2024

The first point-of-care (PoC) test (v-RetroFel®; modified version 2021) determining the presence of FeLV p27 antigen and FeLV anti-p15E antibodies has become recently commercially available to identify different feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) infection outcomes. This study aimed to assess this PoC test’s performance concerning FeLV p27 antigen and FeLV anti-p15E antibody detection. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) were assessed after ten minutes (recommended) and 20 min (prolonged) incubation times. The test results were evaluated as either positive or negative. Serum samples from 934 cats were included, originating from Italy (n = 269), Portugal (n = 240), Germany (n = 318), and France (n = 107). FeLV p27 antigen and anti-p15E antibodies were measured by reference standard ELISAs and compared to the PoC test results. The PoC test was easy to perform and the results easy to interpret. Sensitivity and specificity for FeLV p27 antigen were 82.8% (PPV: 57.8%) and 96.0% (NPV: 98.8%) after both, ten and 20 minues of incubation time. Sensitivity and specificity for anti-p15E antibodies were 31.4% (PPV: 71.6%) and 96.9% (NPV: 85.1%) after ten minutes incubation time; sensitivity was improved by a prolonged incubation time (20 min) to 40.0% (PPV: 76.3%), while specificity remained the same (96.9%, NPV: 86.7%). Despite the improved sensitivity using the prolonged incubation time, lower than ideal sensitivities for both p27 antigen and especially anti-p15E antibodies were found, indicating that the PoC test in its current version needs further improvement prior to application in the field.
Engineered Multivalent Nanobodies Efficiently Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants BA.1, BA.4/5, XBB.1 and BQ.1.1
Authors: Wang Jiali , Shi Bingjie , Chen Hanyi , Yu Mengyuan , Wang Peipei , Qian Zhaohui , Hu Keping , Wang Jianxun
Published: April 2024

Most available neutralizing antibodies are ineffective against highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants. Therefore, it is crucial to develop potent and broad-spectrum alternatives to effectively manage Omicron subvariants. Here, we constructed a high-diversity nanobody phage display library and identified nine nanobodies specific to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD). Five of them exhibited cross-neutralization activity against the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) strain and the Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.4/5, and one nanobody demonstrated marked efficacy even against the Omicron subvariants BQ.1.1 and XBB.1. To enhance the therapeutic potential, we engineered a panel of multivalent nanobodies with increased neutralizing potency and breadth. The most potent multivalent nanobody, B13-B13-B13, cross-neutralized all tested pseudoviruses, with a geometric mean of the 50% inhibitory concentration (GM IC50) value of 20.83 ng/mL. An analysis of the mechanism underlying the enhancement of neutralization breadth by representative multivalent nanobodies demonstrated that the strategic engineering approach of combining two or three nanobodies into a multivalent molecule could improve the affinity between a single nanobody and spike, and could enhance tolerance toward escape mutations such as R346T and N460K. Our engineered multivalent nanobodies may be promising drug candidates for treating and preventing infection with Omicron subvariants and even future variants.
Approach and Permanent Human Occupation of Mainland Portugal Coastal Zone (1096–2021)
Authors: Bastos Maria Rosário , Pereira Olegário Nelson Azevedo , Ferreira Antero , Salgado Filipe , Lira Sérgio , Dias João Alveirinho
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to enhance the understanding of the littoralization process in mainland Portugal over a broad chronological framework. Littoralization is defined as the occupation and settlement of human communities along the coast. In this case, the analysis was based on the synchronic analysis of three chronologies: from the formation of Portugal to the settlement of the fountains (1096–1325); at the dawn of modernity, marked by the Portuguese expansion (1500–1524), with the first scientific census (1860); and in the present, with data from the last census (2021). The choice of chronology was dictated by the historical sources available and allowed us to check the trend of population dispersion both in terms of latitude and longitude, the latter being the analysis of the distance of the main population centers (counties) from the coast. In the first chronological segment, there is a “safety distance” from the exposed coastlines, which is gradually blurred over time until there is an impressive coastal demographic concentration in 2021, with around 80% of people settled within 50 km of the sea. So, the management of Portugal’s territory is an unequivocal indicator of the Anthropocene even with the risks of the disappearance of some beaches.
Climate-Driven Changes in Annual Flow Patterns: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Buktyrma River (Kazakhstan)
Authors: Sairov Serik B. , Serikbay Nurgalym T. , Rodrigo-Ilarri Javier , Abdrakhimov Rustam G. , Rodrigo-Clavero María-Elena
Published: April 2024

This article examines and calculates the annual flows of rivers in the Buktyrma River basin in connection with changing climatic conditions affecting runoff formation. An analysis of climatic characteristics, based on data from meteorological stations of the hydrometeorological service of Kazakhstan, indicates intense warming and a moderate increase in annual precipitation since the early 1980s. The more intense melting of high-mountain snow and glaciers has led to a reduction in glaciated areas. Alongside the noted trend of increasing precipitation, this melting contributes to an increase in surface runoff. According to Global Land Ice Measurements from Space data, there has been a reduction in the area of glaciers in the river basin and a complete disappearance of glaciers in the Sarymsakty River basin. Studying long-term water-flow data in the basin has helped identify periods with consistent patterns. These periods are characterized by different values of probability-distribution-curve parameters. An assessment of the homogeneity of the identified periods of runoff series over the past decades, using known parametric criteria, confirmed the reliability of the calculated values of annual runoff. The observed increase in the norm, depending on elevation, glacier presence, and the spatial orientation of watershed ridges, ranges from 5% to 52%. The observed trends in changes in climatic characteristics and runoff indicators of the rivers in the basin support water-management planning in this region. This includes using the approximation of empirical river-supply curves, which can aid in assessing the calculated hydrological characteristics.
Using the Periodic Dynamics of Well Water Levels to Estimate Time Series Changes in Aquifer Parameters
Authors: Qiao Peng , Lan Shuangshuang , Gu Hongbiao , Mao Zhengtan
Published: April 2024

Due to the long duration and high cost of traditional pumping tests, the response of well water levels to seismic waves, earth tides, and barometric pressure provides a feasible method for determining continuous changes in aquifer hydraulic parameters. Aimed at the problem that the response phase shift of well BB water levels to tide M2 is greater than that of tide O1, this paper preferentially calculated the time series changes in S, Be, n, and BKu based on the response mechanism of well water levels to barometric pressure and earth tides with the help of the smooth moving method. Then, by using the mixed flow model, the variation in the transmissivity and leakage coefficient over time was simultaneously obtained, and the evolution process and characteristics of aquifer parameters near well BB caused by the Wenchuan earthquake are ultimately discussed. The calculation results are basically consistent with the previous pumping test, and have been verified and compared by using other scholars’ methods. This solving process avoids problems such as excessive dependence on initial values, multiple solutions, and unstable tide O1, which has a promoting effect on the study of the impact of seismic activity on aquifer systems.
A Numerical Expedition through the Mathematical Representation of Complex Braided Morphometry—A Case Study of Brahmaputra River in India
Authors: Akhtar Mohammad Parwez , Ojha Chandra Shekhar Prasad , Sharma Nayan , Somu Prathap , Kodihal Shweta
Published: April 2024

The present work explores the process of mathematical representation for the complex geometry of a wide alluvial river with high braiding intensities. It primarily focuses on an approach to developing a numerical solution algorithm for representing the complex channel geometry of the braided Brahmaputra River. Traditional elliptic PDEs with boundary-fitted coordinate transformation were deployed, converting the non-uniform physical plane into a transformed uniform orthogonal computational plane. This study was conducted for the river channel reach with upstream and downstream nodes at Pandu and Jogighopa (reach length ~100 km), respectively, within the Assam flood plain in India, with fourteen measured river cross-sections for the year of 1997. The geo-referenced image covering the river stretch in 1997 was delineated using a ArcGIS software 9.0 tool by digitizing the bank lines. Stream bed interpolation was conducted by interpolating bed elevation from a bathymetrical database onto code-generated mesh nodes. Discretization of the domain was performed through the developed computer code, and the bed-level matrix was generated by the IDW method as well as the MATLAB tool using the nearest neighborhood technique. A mathematical representation of a digital terrain model was thus developed. This generated model was employed as a geometrical data input to simulate secondary flow utilizing 2D depth-averaged equations with the flow dispersion stress tensor as an extra source component, coming from curvilinear flow patterns caused by severe river braiding. The developed model may further be useful in mathematically representing the geometrical complexities of braided rivers with a relatively realistic assessment of the various parameters involved if deployed with improved river modeling with morphometric evolution.
The Forecast of Streamflow through Göksu Stream Using Machine Learning and Statistical Methods
Authors: Ciner Mirac Nur , Güler Mustafa , Namlı Ersin , Samastı Mesut , Ulu Mesut , Peker İsmail Bilal , Gülbaz Sezar
Published: April 2024

Forecasting streamflow in stream basin systems plays a crucial role in facilitating effective urban planning to mitigate floods. In addition to employing intricate hydrological modeling systems, machine learning and statistical techniques offer an alternative means for streamflow forecasts. Nonetheless, the precision and dependability of these methods are subjects of paramount importance. This study rigorously investigates the effectiveness of three distinct machine learning techniques and two statistical approaches when applied to streamflow data from the Göksu Stream in the Marmara Region of Turkey, spanning from 1984 to 2022. Through a comparative analysis of these methodologies, this examination aims to contribute innovative advancements to the existing methodologies used in the prediction of streamflow data. The methodologies employed include machine learning methods such as Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) and statistical methods such as Simple Exponential Smoothing (SES) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. In the study, 444 data points between 1984 and 2020 were used as training data, and the remaining data points for the period 2021–2022 were used for streamflow forecasting in the test validation period. The results were evaluated using various metrics, such as the correlation coefficient (r), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), coefficient of determination (R2), and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE). Upon analyzing the results, it was found that the model generated using the XGBoost algorithm outperformed other machine learning and statistical techniques. Consequently, the models implemented in this study demonstrate a high level of accuracy in predicting potential streamflow in the river basin system.
An Overview of Diagnosis Methods of Stator Winding Inter-Turn Short Faults in Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Jiang Yutao , Ji Baojian , Zhang Jin , Yan Jianhu , Li Wenlong
Published: April 2024

This article provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art techniques for detecting and diagnosing stator winding inter-turn short faults (ITSFs) in permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) for electric vehicles (EVs). The review focuses on the following three main categories of diagnostic approaches: motor model-based, signal processing-based, and artificial intelligence (AI)-based fault detection and diagnosis methods. Motor model-based methods utilize motor state estimation and motor parameter estimation as the primary strategies for ITSF diagnosis. Signal processing-based techniques extract fault signatures from motor measured data across time, frequency, or time-frequency domains. In contrast, AI-based methods automatically extract higher-order fault signatures from large volumes of preprocessed data, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of fault diagnosis. The strengths and limitations of each approach are thoroughly examined, providing valuable insights into the advancements in ITSF detection and diagnosis techniques for PMSMs in EV applications. The emphasis is placed on the application of signal processing methods and deep learning techniques in the diagnosis of ITSF in PMSMs in EV applications.
Support for primary care prescribing for adult ADHD in England: national survey
Authors: Price Anna , Becker Kieran , Ward John H , Ukoumunne Obioha C , Gudka Rebecca , Salimi Anita , Mughal Faraz , Melendez-Torres GJ , Smith Jane R , Newlove-Delgado Tamsin
Published: April 2024

Background

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, for which there are effective pharmacological treatments that improve symptoms and reduce complications. Guidelines published by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommend that primary care practitioners prescribe medication for adult ADHD under shared-care agreements with Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS). However, provision remains uneven, with some practitioners reporting a lack of support.

Aim

This study aimed to describe elements of support, and their availability/use, in primary care prescribing for adult ADHD medication in England to improve access for this underserved population and inform service improvement.

Design and setting

Cross-sectional surveys were used to elicit data from commissioners, health professionals (HPs), and people with lived experience of ADHD (LE) across England about elements supporting pharmacological treatment of ADHD in primary care.

Method

Three interlinked cross-sectional surveys were used to ask every integrated care board in England (commissioners), along with convenience samples of HPs and LEs, about prescribing rates, AMHS availability, wait times, and shared-care agreement protocols/policies for the pharmacological treatment of ADHD in primary care. Descriptive analyses, percentages, and confidence intervals were used to summarise responses by stakeholder group. Variations in reported provision and practice were explored and displayed visually using mapping software.

Results

Data from 782 responders (42 commissioners, 331 HPs, 409 LEs) revealed differences in reported provision by stakeholder group, including for prescribing (95% of HPs versus 64% of LEs). In all, >40% of responders reported extended AMHS wait times of ≥2 years. There was some variability by NHS region – for example, London had the lowest reported extended wait time (25%), while East of England had the highest (55%).

Conclusion

Elements supporting appropriate shared-care prescribing of ADHD medication via primary care are not universally available in England. Coordinated approaches are needed to address these gaps.
Towards reducing diagnostic delay in endometriosis in primary care: a qualitative study
Authors: de Kok Laura , Schers Henk , Boersen Zoë , Braat Didi , Teunissen Doreth , Nap Annemiek
Published: April 2024

Background

Due to a heterogeneity of symptoms, a lack of an adequate diagnostic test, and a lack of awareness, diagnostic delay in endometriosis in primary care on average amounts to 35 months.

Aim

To determine which interventions are most feasible to reduce time to diagnosis in primary care, focusing on GPs’ preferences, the intervention’s content, design, and implementation.

Design & setting

We conducted a qualitative study by performing focus groups with GPs and GP trainees between July and October 2021.

Method

Data collection was continued until saturation was obtained. Focus groups were transcribed and openly encoded. Themes were formulated by three independent researchers.

Results

Divided over five focus groups 22 GPs and 13 GP trainees participated. Three themes were formulated: increasing awareness, combined intervention, and reaching unaware GPs. Suggestions for a combined intervention strategy were adaptation of guidelines, a diagnostic support tool, and compulsory education. To reach unaware GPs, participants felt that education should be offered in regional networks and education for GP trainees should be mandatory. A guideline on menstrual symptoms should be considered and the term endometriosis should be added to the differential diagnosis paragraphs of existing guidelines. A diagnostic support tool should be linked to a guideline and consist of a flowchart with steps starting with the first presentation of symptoms leading to the diagnosis of endometriosis.

Conclusion

According to GPs, a combined intervention strategy consisting of an adapted guideline, a diagnostic support tool, and education might be successful interventions in reducing diagnostic delay in endometriosis.
SIMULATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF CUTTING SPEED DURING BLADE MACHINING ON CHIP FORMATION
Authors: Hurmatullin S. , Kamenov R.
Published: April 2024

Modern mechanical engineering is one of the key industries determining technological progress and competitiveness of production. In the development and improvement of machinery and equipment in mechanical engineering, research in the field of chip formation during blade processing plays an important role. Chip forming is the process of removing material using a cutting tool, which can be a blade or a milling cutter. The quality and characteristics of the chips directly affect the efficiency and quality of processing, as well as tool wear and process stability. Studying the effect of cutting speed on chip formation during blade processing is one of the important aspects in improving production processes. The cutting speed determines the speed of movement of the tool relative to the material being processed. As the cutting speed increases, the chip formation process accelerates and heat generation increases. This can lead to increased friction between the tool and the material being processed, which can negatively affect the quality of processing and the service life of the tool. Modeling using the Deform-2D software package allows you to analyze the effect of cutting speed on chip characteristics. The simulation results showed that with an increase in the cutting speed, the chip transitions from a drain shape to a segmented one. This transition may be associated with changes in the contact interaction between the tool and the material, as well as with a change in the direction of chip movement.
THE ECONOMIC ASPECT OF THE SCALE-FORMING DIGNOSTICS LAYERS IN PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS
Authors: Il'ina T. , Orlov P. , Savvin N. , Elistratova Y.
Published: April 2024

Heat pump installations and the possibility of their application in engineering systems are considered. This allows expanding significantly the possibilities of using renewable energy sources, as well as waste heat from various technological processes in engineering systems for creating a microclimate. Air heat pumps are the most promising, but their use in regions with a cold climate is limited due to condensation of moisture vapors on the cooling line of the evaporation unit with subsequent formation of ice, which reduces the efficiency of the installation. In this paper, an upgraded evaporative unit of an air heat pump with a MOVEBIT ice removal system is considered. Taking into account the design of the heat exchanger, which includes a magnetostrictive radiator unit, the influence of heat and mass transfer processes in the evaporation unit on the efficiency of the heat pump unit in a wide range of outdoor temperatures is considered. A criterion equation has been obtained for calculating the heat transfer coefficient in the evaporation unit depending on the hydrodynamic conditions of the process and the thermophysical parameters of the air environment. This equation allows to calculate the heating capacity and cooling capacity. In addition, to determine the coefficient of energy transformation of a heat pump installation at all stages of the life cycle of engineering systems. The dependence of the influence of temperature and relative humidity on the kinetics of ice formation is obtained. This provide calculation the operating time of the installation between the cycles of switching on the radiator to destroy the ice. Based on the research results, computer programs have been developed for controlling the main thermal parameters of an air heat pump with a MOVEBIT system and an electrical part of a magnetostrictive radiator in a wide temperature range.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF MODIFIED ADDITIVES ON THE PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
Authors: Ledyaykina O. , Ledyaykin N.
Published: April 2024

The problem of improving the efficiency of the quality of concrete and reinforced concrete is a promising direction that cannot be fully realized without the use of chemical additives. Additives are considered a simple way to improve the performance of a cement composite; they allows to reduce the amount of binder and regulate the technological characteristics of the concrete mixture and the physical and mechanical properties of the material, as well as increase the durability of buildings and structures. Currently, a large number of additives are used, introduced into concrete mixtures, which are classified according to their mechanism of action, chemical composition and other characteristics. The purpose of this research was to optimize the compositions of concrete with additives in terms of strength and deformability. The object of the study is fine-grained concrete produced on a cement binder using various modifying additives, for which modifiers such as «Advance Ultra», «Superplast Prima», «Superplast Standard» have been studied. The studied parameters were the compressive strength and elastic modulus of fine-grained concrete. It was revealed that the introduction of modifying additives helped to increase the studied indicators. At the same time, the greatest increase in strength and elastic modulus is achieved when using the Advance Ultra plasticizer
À propos d’un skyphos lucanien inédit récemment acquis par la Bibliothèque nationale de France
Authors: Attia Alexandra
Published: April 2024

Un skyphos lucanien à figures rouges, issu de l’ancienne collection du préhistorien André Vayson de Pradenne (1888-1939), vient d’être récemment acquis sur le marché de l’art parisien par la Bibliothèque nationale de France. Ce vase inédit, attribué au Peintre du Primato, un artisan majeur de la production de la seconde moitié du 4e siècle av. J.-C., enrichit et complète opportunément le fonds du département des Monnaies, médailles et antiques au sein duquel ni le peintre, ni la collection n’étaient jusqu’à lors représentés.
El registro bioarqueológico de individuos noadultos en contextos de cazadores-recolectores de la transición Pampeano-Patagónica oriental (Argentina)
Authors: Flensborg Gustavo , Martínez Gustavo
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar las características del registro bioarqueológico y los patrones de preservación diferencial de los elementos óseos y dentales de individuos no-adultos en el curso inferior del río Colorado. A partir de la información cuantitativa, sexo-etaria y tafonómica se discuten las causas que intervinieron en la representación de partes esqueletarias y su relación con el cambio en las prácticas funerarias durante el Holoceno tardío. Se analizaron 743 unidades anatómicas correspondientes a 28 individuos que fueron recuperados en cuatro sitios arqueológicos, con cronologías que se ubican entre los ca. 1400-500 años AP. Se registró una baja representación de partes esqueletarias de individuos inmaduros, independientemente de la edad de muerte y el sexo. Si bien algunos factores como la baja densidad mineral ósea que caracteriza a las unidades anatómicas y la acción de procesos tafonómicos (e.g., actividad de raíces, acción de maquinarias) pudieron dañar su integridad, los resultados obtenidos no explican la ausencia de un elevado porcentaje de elementos óseos y dentales de individuos inmaduros. Por el contrario, la conducta ritual involucrada en las prácticas funerarias durante la manipulación de cuerpos y la selección de partes esqueletarias para el armado de los fardos funerarios ofrece la explicación más parsimoniosa para entender el bajo índice de completitud anatómica observado en los contextos mortuorios.
Tafonomía de aves en el sudeste de la región pampeana (Argentina)
Authors: Recofsky Marcos , Álvarez María Clara , Gutiérrez María A. , Rodríguez Juan Manuel , Massigoge Agustina , Scheifler Nahuel A. , Kaufmann Cristian A.
Published: April 2024

Se presentan los resultados de observaciones tafonómicas naturalistas sobre restos de aves en el sudeste de la región pampeana. El objetivo general es caracterizar a los procesos y agentes que intervienen en la acumulación, dispersión y destrucción de los restos óseos de aves actuales. Las observaciones se efectuaron mediante transectas realizadas en cinco contextos ambientales: costa marina, sierras, lagunas, planicies y valles fluviales. Los resultados muestran una acumulación variable de restos de aves en los distintos ambientes, con una mayor frecuencia en la costa marina y en las sierras. Los principales agentes y procesos que afectan a los restos óseos son los carnívoros, la meteorización y la abrasión sedimentaria. Las  probabilidades de preservación de los huesos varían en relación con el tipo de ave según su modo de locomoción. En general, las chances de incorporación de restos de aves al registro arqueológico son bajas. Este trabajo constituye un primer avance para ayudar a la interpretación de la escasa representación de las aves en el registro arqueológico regional.
Reproductive Health Needs of Women with Hepatitis B: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ebrahimi Elham
Published: April 2024

Background: Hepatitis B is one of the most important diseases in the world that imposes substantial financial burdens upon patients and health systems. Women with hepatitis B, like any other woman, have the right to access reproductive and sexual health services tailored to their needs as well as those of their sexual partners and children. However, the reproductive health needs of this group of patients have been subject to negligence. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using in-depth semi-structured interviews in randomly selected hospitals and health centers of Tehran, Iran in 2015. A total of 40 women with hepatitis B and 30 reproductive health care providers were individually interviewed. Interviews were conducted based on topic guides, including a series of broad questions used to explore and probe the experiences of the interviewees. All interviews were recorded and each interview lasted from 60 to 90 minutes. The collected data were analyzed using the content analysis method. Results: Data analysis yielded 88 codes and 186 items. Two main themes were extracted from the analyzed data including the need for information and the need for health care. The first theme involved two categories (the patient’s need for information and the health provider’s need for information) and four subcategories. The second theme included three categories (supportive care, disease and reproductive health care, and capacity building) and thirteen subcategories. Conclusion: From the viewpoint of women with hepatitis B interviewed in this study, a successful program that meets the special reproductive health needs of these patients is required to respond to the need for information and the need for health care. Meeting treatment needs should include responding to the informational needs of both patients and service providers. Besides, satisfying the need for health services should focus on support services, disease care, reproductive health care, and capacity building.
POLYMORPHISM OF THE CAPN1 GENE AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF ANIMALS IN CATTLE
Authors: Чимидова Н.В. , Моисейкина Л.Г. , Убушиева А.В. , Убушиева В.С. , Хахлинов А.И.
Published: April 2024

Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в изучении особенностей аллельного полиморфизма гена кальпаина – CAPN1 у крупного рогатого скота калмыцкой породы и определение его взаимосвязи с мясной продуктивностью. Согласно литературным данным, ген кальпаин считается ответственным за формирование «нежности» мяса. Животные с таким генотипом представляют большой интерес для селекции по повышению мясной продуктивности. На базе лаборатории молекулярной генетики РНПЦ по воспроизводству сельскохозяйственных животных ФГБОУ ВО «КалмГУ» проводились генетические исследования по ДНК-генотипированию калмыцкого скота. При анализе 50 образцов ДНК было установлено, что желательная форма аллеля гена CAPNСС имелась у 18% животных, 36% составляли гетерозиготные особи CAPNСG, у остальных животных выявлен аллель CAPNGG, равный 46%. Оценка ожидаемой гетерозиготности составила 0,46, а фактической – 0,36. Таким образом, в данной популяции калмыцкого скота наблюдается нарушение генного равновесия ввиду смещения фактического и теоретически ожидаемого количества гетерозигот. При анализе данных живой массы бычков и связанности её с генотипами установлено, что наибольшая живая масса отмечалась в группе животных с генотипом CAPNСС (386 кг ± 0,47). Высока доля гетерозиготных животных с живой массой 377,1 ± 0,73 кг, от которых в дальнейшем, при правильном ведении селекционно-племенной работы, теоретически возможно получить желательные генотипы.

The purpose of this research was to study the characteristics of the allelic polymorphism of the calpain gene – CAPN1 in cattle of the Kalmyk breed and determine its relationship with meat productivity. According to literature data, the calpain gene is considered responsible for the formation of the "tenderness" of meat. Animals with this genotype are of great interest for breeding to increase meat productivity. On the basis of the laboratory of molecular genetics of the RSPC for the reproduction of farm animals of the FSBEI of HE "KalmSU," genetic studies on DNA genotyping of Kalmyk cattle were carried out. When analyzing 50 DNA samples, it was found that 18% of animals had the desired form of the CAPNCCgene allele, 36% were heterozygous CAPNCG individuals, and the remaining animals had a CAPNGG allele equal to 46%. The estimate for expected heterozygosity was 0.46 and the actual heterozygosity was 0.36. Thus, in this population of Kalmyk cattle there is a violation of genic balance due to a shift in the actual and theoretically expected number of heterozygotes. When analyzing the data on the live weight of bull calves and its association with genotypes, it was found that the largest live weight was observed in the group of animals with the CAPNCC genotype (386 kg ± 0.47). There is a high proportion of heterozygous animals with a live weight of 377.1 ± 0.73 kg, from which it is theoretically possible to obtain desired genotypes in the future, with proper breeding work.
MATHEMATICAL PLANNING AND PROCESSING OF AN EXPERIMENT WITH LENA STURGEON CAVIAR IN A WEISS APPARATUS WHEN APPLIED TO A FLASK WITH ELECTROSTATIC FIELD ELECTRODES
Authors: Шмигель В.В. , Жолудева В.В. , Кутина А.Д.
Published: April 2024

В данной статье представлены результаты проведённого эксперимента с икрой ленского осетра в аппарате Вейса при наложении на колбу с электродами электростатического поля. Для нахождения оптимального режима работы аппарата для инкубации икры ленского осетра с использованием электростатического поля авторы применили математические методы планирования эксперимента, поскольку математико-статистическое моделирование позволяет значительно повысить производительность труда за счёт значительного сокращения числа опытов. В качестве параметра оптимизации Y был выбран показатель технологической эффективности процесса и выделены три фактора, оказывающие основное влияние на процесс. Для описания исследуемой области поверхности отклика Y построены математические модели, под которыми подразумеваются уравнения, связывающие параметр оптимизации Yс входными факторами Хi. Проведённый корреляционно-регрессионный анализ позволил оптимизировать режим работы аппарата Вейса, используемого для инкубации икры ленского осетра. Построенные уравнения парной и множественной регрессии можно использовать для планирования и прогнозирования результатов эксперимента.

This article presents the results of an experiment with Lena sturgeon caviar in a Weiss apparatus when applied to a flask with electrostatic field electrodes. To find the optimal operating mode of the apparatus for incubating Lena sturgeon caviar using an electrostatic field the authors applied mathematical methods of experiment planning, since mathematical and statistical modeling allows to significantly increase labor productivity due to a significant reduction in the number of experiments. The technological process efficiency indicator was selected as the optimization parameter Y and three factors were identified that had a main effect on the process. To describe area under investigation of the response surface Y, mathematical models are constructed which means equations that relate the optimization parameter Y to the input factors Xi. The correlation and regression analysis carried out made it possible to optimize the operating mode of the Weiss apparatus used for incubation of Lena sturgeon caviar. The constructed two-dimensional and multiple regression equations can be used to plan and predict the results of an experiment.
First-principles investigation on potential profile induced in graphene by surface and edge metal contacts
Authors: Ohno Takahisa , Tajima Nobuo , Nara Jun
Published: April 2024

To utilize graphene as an electronic device graphene has to be brought into contact with a metal electrode and the metal contact has a significant impact on the characteristics of the device. We have investigated the potential profile induced in graphene layer by metal contacts, which describes how charges are redistributed between metal and graphene in order to eliminate the difference in work function between them, by using first-principles calculations. It is found that the potential profiles are much different between surface and edge contact metal/graphene junctions. For surface contacts the potential profile is significantly influenced by Pauli exclusion interactions and bond formation between metal and graphene. On the other hand, the edge contacts lack Pauli exclusion interactions and the non-graphene-like metallic states of C atoms near the metal edges, which are induced by bond formation, are suggested to have a major effect on eliminating the work function difference.
Analysis of Interest in Using Shoopepay Among Millenials Using the Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Kraugusteeliana Kraugusteeliana , Bakri Asri Ady , Mustain HM. Mudjib , Budiyanto Nugroho Eko , Sutrisno Hadi
Published: April 2024

The objective of this research endeavour is to analyse the impact of perceived expediency, usefulness, risk, and utility on the millennial generation's inclination to utilise ShopeePay. The study's population comprises millennials who are users of ShopeePay or have access to the service. An example of 90 respondents will be selected from this population to participate in the research as subjects. The methodology employed for data analysis in this study is multiple linear regression. This study employs quantitative approaches, specifically Simple Random Sampling and Likert scales, to assess the attitudes, opinions, and perceptions of the participants. Perceived convenience had no positive and statistically significant effect on the influence of ShopeePay usage among millennials, according to the findings. However, the influence of ShopeePay usage on the millennial generation is positively and significantly impacted by the second independent variable, perceived utility, the third independent variable, perceived usefulness, and the fourth independent variable, perceived risk. This study's implication is to concentrate the analysis on a single form of electronic wallet, ShopeePay, through an examination of its impact on interest in utilising the ShopeePay electronic wallet.
A Comparative Study of Retiree Expats and Younger Expats: Factors Influencing Expatriates' Selection of Healthcare Facilities in Bali
Authors: Maharini Putu Sri , Darma Gede Sri
Published: April 2024

This research engaged in a comparative investigation of expatriate retirees' and younger expatriates' preferences in selecting healthcare facilities in Bali, applying a comprehensive analytical lens that integrated Maslow's needs theory, consumer behavior theories, and the theory of cultural acculturation.Data were gleaned through in-depth interviews from eight expatriates residing in the popular expat regions of Bali—Sanur, Ubud, and Nusa Dua—divided into retiree and younger age groups. The study found that expatriates' preferences, influenced by various personal, psychological, cultural, and social factors, are vital in their healthcare choices in a foreign land. Their ability to adapt to the local culture and healthcare system, coupled with a positive outlook and successful adjustment, plays a crucial role. It underscores the significance of comprehensive healthcare facilities and proactive government policies to meet the healthcare needs of expatriates locally. This study is distinct for using three theories: Maslow’s Need Theory, Cultural Acculturation, and Consumer Behavior, rarely combined in investigating expatriates' choice of health facilities in Bali.With well-executed strategies addressing expat needs, culture, marketing, staff training, and collaboration, healthcare providers in Southeast Asia can better serve expats, improving their satisfaction and well-being. This study's restricted participant count and qualitative approach can limit the extendibility of findings to a broader populace. The qualitative design's inherent subjectivity may introduce a measure of unintended bias during data interpretation. Moreover, the specific focus on Bali's expatriates might temper the relevance of the study's results to other geographical contexts.
Analysis of The Influence of Website Quality, Sales Promotions, and Prices on Purchase Decisions Through Consumer Trust on Jagoujian.com
Authors: Djuuna Meykel , Sayidah Nur , Ady Sri Utami
Published: April 2024

The rapid development of internet technology provides many conveniences in communicating and is able to change people's behavior, including purchasing decisions which are reflected in the level of product/service sales. This becomes a business opportunity to provide an online or Edutech-based forum or platform, one of which is jagoujian.com. However, the company's target of selling tryout services on jagoujian.com has not yet been achieved. Therefore, this research is conducted to analyze the factors contributing to the failure of meeting the target of the website. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of website quality, sales promotion, and pricing on purchasing decisions through consumer trust on jagoujian.com. The study sample involves 304 members of jagoujian.com with 75 respondents. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is the chosen method to analyze the sample in this study. The results indicate that the quality of the website and pricing significantly influence the purchasing decisions of jagoujian.com users. However, sales promotions do not exhibit a significant influence on the purchasing decisions of jagoujian.com users. Website quality has a significant influence on the purchasing decisions of jagoujian.com users. Pricimg has also shown a positive and significant influence on the purchasing decisions of jagoujian.com users, sales promotions have an influence on the purchasing decisions of jagoujian.com users, consumer trust has a significant influence on the purchasing decisions of jagoujian.com users, website quality has shown a significant influence on purchasing decisions through consumer trust, pricing has a significant effect on purchasing decisions through consumer trust, sales promotions have an influence but not significantly on purchasing decisions through consumer trust.
The Influence of Environmental, Social, Governance, and Corporates Scandals on the Stock Volatility
Authors: Wahyudyatmika Muhammad Brilian , Astuti Christina Dwi
Published: April 2024

The volatility of stocks is influenced by various factors, both internal andexternal to the company. This research aims to determine whether there is a relationship between Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) performance and corporate controversies on stock volatility. The sample used in this study consists of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018—2022 and have an ESG rating from The London Stock Exchange Group (LSEG). Based on the analysis conducted, it is concluded that environmental performance negatively affects stock volatility, while social performance, governance performance, and corporate controversies do not have an impact on stock volatility.
الاخـر فـــي شعـر حميـر
Authors: عبير شمخي احمد  , أ.م.د.رجاء لازم رمضان
Published: April 2024

تعد ثنائية الأنا والآخر من أهم الموضوعات التي حجزت مكانها في عالم الفكر، إذ شكلت محور دراسة واهتمام الباحثين والنقاد بغية اكتناه أنوارها و تقديم صورة جلية حول هذهِ الجدلية أذ أن البحث في صميم هذه الثنائية متعلق بالتطور الذي أصبح يعيشه الأنسان والذي يقوده في بعض الأحيان الى الغموض واللبس ، كما أن الخلفية الفلسفية للأنا والآخر ولباسها ثوب الأدب والنقد زادها تعقيداً ودراسة، كما أن هذهِ الثنائية تتسم بالتلازم إذ لا يمكن الحديث عن الأنا دون التفكير في الآخر ، كما أن وجود الأنا يقتضي ضرورة وجود الآخر ، وفيما يلي محاولة لضبط إطار مفاهيمي لهذه الثنائية.
CHALLENGES FACED BY THE KITCHEN STAFFS DURING PANDEMICS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF JHARKHAND: A DISCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: Kumari Anju Prabha , Oraon Soma , Paswan Dilip Kumar
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Providing appropriate nutrition in the hospital settings is a challenging task due to diverse dietary need of
the population. (i) to assess different dietary package in the kitchen (ii) to nd out the challeng Objectives: es due to
increasing patient load during pandemic. This was a record based cross sectional study conducted in Methodology: the Central kitchen of
st th Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi for a period of four weeks (1 August to 28 August,2020). Collected Data was entered in
Microsoft Excel Sheet and was analysed using SPSS software version 20. The mean (SD) population tha Result: t was served by the hospital
kitchen 838.86(75.60). The proportion of total patient with respect to total patient was 0.256. The main dietary difference for pandemic patient
was found in terms of high protein content, change in rice quality and use of butter to increase palatability. Due to limited human Conclusion:
resource and increasing pandemic patient kitchen staffs were pressurized. The hospital administration must get prepared for unpredictable
exponential load due to pandemic or any outbreak.
GREEN ANTI-BIOFILM AGENTS: A MINI-REVIEW
Authors: Mujtaba Ali Shireen Adeeb
Published: April 2024

Microbial biolm is the polymeric matrix formed by coordinated assembly of species of similar or different
microorganisms. The bacteria in form of biolms are more resistant to drugs than compared to their planktonic
counterparts, hence making it difcult to deal with biolm-associated nosocomial and medical device infections. Around $11 billion is annual
expenditure reported to be employed in healthcare to deal with biolm infections but the success rates are very low. Studies on natural anti-biolm
agents from the last two decades notably demonstrated their biolm modulation properties. Therefore, present state of affairs demands active
pursual for non-toxic natural anti-biolm agents. In this mini-review article, we summarize green anti-biolm agents: antimicrobial peptides
(AMPs), phytochemicals, biosurfactants, nanoparticles, and weak organic acids (WOA) with a brief note on their mode of action.
STANDARDIZATION OF PORTABLE CULTURE DEVICE FOR ESTIMATION OF TOTAL VIABLE COUNT FROM FOOD SAMPLES
Authors: Tiwari Shveta , Shukla Varsha , Lokur Anushree
Published: April 2024

Background: Bacterial contamination in food originates from diverse sources, including humans and processing
equipment, and often increases during storage, thereby affecting the food quality. Traditional methods for bacterial
enumeration involve time-consuming processes, whereas newer techniques such as biosensors offer quicker alternatives at higher costs. Portable
culture devices (PCD) have emerged as practical solutions for addressing the need for on-site testing, particularly in resource-limited settings.
This study aimed to standardize the use of PCDs to semi-quantify microorganisms in food samples. Via Methods: ble organisms were
successfully semi-quantitatively enumerated using enzyme-chromogenic substrate interactions. The de Results: vice, optimized at a substrate
-1 concentration of 1 gL and a temperature of 28°C, can detect cell counts of up to 10 CFU/mL. Tests co Conclusion: nducted on experimentally
contaminated food samples, in addition to independent on-site detection without the requirement of typical laboratory facilities, demonstrate the
feasibility of Portable Culture Devices (PCDs) as substitutes for conventional culture-based detection methods. They are appropriate for on-thespot testing in areas with limited resources because they are cost-effective and simple.
Image Guided Palatal Obturator Design and Fabrication for Maxillectomy Defect in the Case of Acute Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
Authors: Handel Steven E. , Lally John , Colburn Hannah , Ryser Andrew S. , Sabol Jennifer , Wilson Tom
Published: April 2024

Acute invasive fungal sinusitis requires a high clinical suspicion and rapid diagnosis for initiation of surgical and medical treatment. Due to necessity of expedited surgical treatment, evaluation and impression making by a maxillofacial prosthodontist is rarely possible prior to debridement. Surgical debridement often results in maxillary defects, which can negatively impact speech, deglutition, and respiration. A surgical obturator occludes the palatal defect resulting in improved speech, swallowing and prevention of wound contamination with food particulate. This article focuses on utilizing medical imaging, usually acquired for diagnosis and surgical planning, to fabricate a well-fitting surgical obturator without conventional or digital intraoral dental impression making.