bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Humanitarian science of Belarus: history and the present (To the 90th anniversary of the foundation of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Authors: Kovalenya A. A. , Levkovich V. I. , Yuschkevich O. S.
Published: November 2018

The article analyzes the results and achievements of scholars-humanists in the recent years. The work denotes unparalleled and the most important fundamental studies that reveal rich historical, cultural and spiritual stratum of Belarusian people. Authors also show the place and the role of social and humanitarian sciences in Belarusian society.

The work stresses that the main objective of the research of scholars-humanists is not only the defence of the historical legitimacy of the Belarusian statehood and national-state interests of the Republic of Belarus in the world community, but also the preservation of the spiritual, material, historical and cultural values of Belarusian people and the strengthening of both: the country’s international prestige and Belarusian humanitarian science.

And finally, the paper presents quantitative results of the research and the most significant practical achievements of scholars accomplished in the recent years.
Institutionalization and paradigmality development of sociology in the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Authors: Babosov Ye. М.
Published: November 2018

The institutionalization of sociology in the National Academy of Sciences is conceptualized. The connection between this process and poliparadigmality of sociological research in the Institute of Sociology is characterized. The features of theoretical and empirically applied sociological research in the field of political, economic, ethnonational, regional sociology, the sociology of science, education, culture and other fields of sociological knowledge are revealed. The importance of social technologies is presented.
Small and medium business: sociological trends
Authors: Kotlyarov I. V.
Published: November 2018

The article justifies the conclusion that small and medium business is the most important component of the development of a modern state, a mean for achieving its social and economic goals. The overall objectives of the country’s development are simultaneously the goals of state support for small and medium-sized businesses. Thus, in recent years, attempts have been made to move the national economy and Belarusian society to a new model of economic development, to increase economic activity of small and medium-sized businesses as the most important catalysts for the state’s advancement. The phenomenon of a modern representative of the Belarusian small and medium business is studied in the work. His essence, development tendencies and their refraction in the Belarusian social and economic reality are determined, a sociological model of motivation and characteristic personal traits, qualities and characteristics is proposed.
ANALISIS DAERAH PENANGKAPAN IKAN TUNA SIRIP KUNING Thunnus albacares DI PERAIRAN SUMATERA BARAT BERDASARKAN MODEL GAM
Authors: Yanti Siregar Emma Suri , Siregar Vincentius Paulus , Agus Syamsul Bahri
Published: November 2018

Pengunaan Generalized Additive Model (GAM) sudah umum digunakan di beberapa wilayah laut Indonesia dengan tingkat akurasi yang lebih baik. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk memprediksi daerah penangkapan ikan tuna sirip kuning melalui pendekatan statistik Generalized Additive Model (GAM). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data penangkapan ikan tuna sirip kuning yang didapatkan dari logbook Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudera Bungus dan data oseanografi berupa data suhu permukaan laut, klorofil-a, salinitas dan tinggi muka laut. Analisis kelimpahan ikan dinyatakan dalam nilai laju pancing (hook rate) tuna longline. Laju tangkap merupakan indeks kepadatan stok. Didalam pemodelan, dataset dibagi menjadi 2 bagian yaitu training data yang digunakan untuk pembentukan model dan evaluation data digunakan untuk memvalidasi hasil prediksi dari pemodelan. Pada penelitian ini, data tahun 2015 digunakan sebagai training data dan data tahun 2016 digunakan sebagai evaluation data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, sebanyak 14 model prediksi telah dihasilkan melalui pendekatan model GAM berdasarkan parameter oseanografi. Model variabel SPL+Salinitas+TML+Chl-a merupakan yang terbaik dengan nilai AIC terkecil yaitu sebesar 658,1 dan nilai deviance terbesar yaitu 56,9%. Nilai deviance memberikan pengertian model GAM tersebut dapat menjelaskan data hook rate sebesar 56,9%. Berdasarkan model GAM, daerah penangkapan ikan yang potensial pada tahun 2016 terdapat pada perairan Pulau Siberut dan Sipora.
РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ НАУКОВОЇ КЛАСИФІКАЦІЇ ТЕКСТИЛЬНИХ ВИРОБІВ ДЛЯ СНУ З ОБ'ЄМНИМИ НАПОВНЮВАЧАМИ НА ПРИКЛАДІ ПОДУШОК
Authors: Слізков А. М. , Михайлова Г. М. , Осієвська В. В.
Published: November 2018

An analysis of existing classification systems for bedding and the development of scientific classification on an example of one kind – pillows. Methods of logical analysis, generalization of scientific literature and normative documents are used. A list of classification characteristics of pillows used during the formation of their assortment is analyzed. A detailed classification of pillows is presented in the form of a hierarchical subsystem,, which takes into account the peculiarity of pillows and regular connections between them. The scientific classification of textile products for sleep on the example of one type – pillows is developed. The scientific classification of textile products for sleep allows us to determine the place of this group of goods in the section of textile products, which improves the trade-contract conditions.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СОНЯЧНИХ КОЛЕКТОРІВ У СИСТЕМАХ ОБІГРІВУ ПРИМІЩЕНЬ
Authors: Русу О. П. , Гай Д. О. , Устенко А. Ю.
Published: November 2018

Determination the easiest ways to use solar collectors for building heating. Analysis of existing technical solutions for the use of solar collectors for building heating by the criterion of simple integration into existing engineering systems of buildings. Two ways of using solar collectors for building heating making easy to integrate into existing engineering systems of buildings are proposed. The use of solar air collectors for building heating both as autonomous devices and as part of integrated heating and ventilation systems is substantiated. The integration of solar collectors into existing air conditioning systems using Freon as a coolant, which will increase their efficiency during the heating season, is substantiated. The proposed methods of using solar collectors can be the basis for the development of new devices and systems for building heating, which can reduce the quantity of organic fuels and the level of environmental pressure on the environment.
АНАЛІЗ РУХУ СИПКОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ НА ВИХОДІ БУНКЕРІВ
Authors: Стаценко В. В. , Біла Т. Я. , Бурмістенков О. П.
Published: November 2018

The study of the bulk material physics and mechanical properties influence on the its movement nature at the bunker outlet. We used the mathematical modeling and regression analysis methods. The characteristic features of the material main movement modes (normal and hydraulic) are defined. Mathematical models of the bulk materials movement in conical-cylindrical bunkers are given, the bunker and particles parameters influence on their velocity is analyzed. An equipment was developed and experimental studies of the materials discharge rate from bunkers were carried out, the results are presented in the work. Mathematical models of the bulk materials movement in conical and cylindrical bunkers are obtained. The dependences between the particles physic-mechanical parameters and their movement speed are established. The results obtained allow us to predict the bunker equipment performance of  for various  bulk materials types.
“Doğruluk Kontrol Merkezi” ve “Yalan Haber” Kavramlarına İlişkin İçeriklerin Medyada Yansımasının Araştırılması
Authors: KOCABAY ŞENER Nihal
Published: November 2018

Türkiye’de kurumsal haber medyasının
üretmiş olduğu içeriklerde sözü edilen yalan haber, hakikat sonrası çağ ve
doğruluk kontrol merkezlerine yer verip vermediği bu çalışmanın konusunu
oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma, Türkiye haber medyasında yalan haber ve bağlantılı
olduğu kavramlarla ilgili içerik (haber, yorum yazısı) üretilip üretilmediğini,
üretilenlerde ise konunun ele alınışını kategorilere ayırarak incelemeyi
amaçlamaktadır. Yalan haberden en fazla etkilenen ülkelerden biri olarak kabul
edilen Türkiye’de medyanın konuyu nasıl yansıttığının ortaya konulması
hedeflenmektedir. İçerik analizi yönteminin kullanılacağı çalışmada, trafiği en
yüksek olan beş haber sitesi (Milliyet, Hürriyet, Habertürk, Sabah ve Sözcü) seçilerek
haberler ve yorum yazıları incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın yapılacağı dönem
aralığı, yalan haber tartışmasının ivme kazanmaya başladığı ve hakikat-sonrası
(post-truth) kavramının Oxford Dictionary tarafından yılın kelimesi seçildiği
Kasım 2016’dan  Mayıs 2017’ye kadar olan
dönem ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yalan/sahte haber ile ilgili
içeriklerde siyasetçi ve teknoloji şirketi açıklamalarının kullanıldığı tespit
edilmiştir. Egemen siyasal ve ekonomik sistemi destekleyen içeriklerin yer
aldığı söylenebilir. Dünyadaki tartışmalar haberlere yansırken Türkiye ile
ilgili haberlere fazla yer verilmemiştir. Doğruluk kontrol merkezleri ise haber
kaynağı olarak hiç gösterilmezken içeriklerde de %3,54 oranında yer almıştır. İncelenen
haber sitelerinin yalan/sahte haber ve doğruluk kontrol merkezlerini
gündemlerine almadıkları gözlenmiştir.
Normative Political Science - as Constituted by the Formal Axiology of Robert S. Hartman and David Easton’s Concept of the Political System
Authors: Kelleher William J.
Published: November 2018

Using David Easton's theory of the political system, this paper shows exactly how to measure the goodness of any political system. The theory of the political system has five specific parts -- inputs, conversion (to), outputs, feedback loop, political environment. Using this as the standard, by comparing it to the empirical facts constituting a particular political system, the goodness of that actual political system can be measured with mathematical precision.
A review on shared clinical and biological aspects of bipolar disorder and frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Nascimento Camila , Villela Paula Nunes , Rodriguez Roberta Diehl , Takada Leonel , Suemoto Cláudia Kimie , Grinberg Lea Tenenholz , Nitrini Ricardo , Lafer Beny
Published: November 2018

Mental disorders are highly prevalent and important causes of medical burden worldwide. Co-occurrence of neurological and psychiatric symptoms are observed among mental disorders, representing a challenge for their differential diagnosis. Psychiatrists and neurologists have faced challenges in diagnosing older adults presenting behavioral changes. This is the case for early frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and late bipolar disorder. Early FTD is characterized by behavioral or language disturbances in the absence of cognitive symptoms. Consequently, patients with the behavioral subtype of FTD (bv-FTD) can be initially misdiagnosed as having a psychiatric disorder, typically depression or bipolar disorder (BD). Bipolar disorder is associated with a higher risk of dementia in older adults and cognitive impairment, where a subset of patients presents a neuroprogressive pattern during the disease course. Clinical similarities between BD and bv-FTD raise the question whether common molecular pathways might explain shared clinical symptoms. In fact, studies have also shown presence of molecular signatures related to bv-FTD in BD patients. Here, we reviewed existing data on clinical and molecular similarities between BD and FTD and propose biological pathways to be further investigated as common or specific markers of BD and FTD.
Analisis Perilaku Keamanan Informasi Pengguna Sosmed Dikalangan Generasi Milenial
Authors: Batmetan John Reimon
Published: November 2018

Meningkatnya penggunaan jejaring sosial di indonesia disebabkan oleh semakin lengkapnya fasilitas akses internet yang dilakukan oleh para prodesen penyedia layanan komunikasi. Pеnеlitiаn ini bеrtujuаn untuk mеnjеlаskаn perilaku keamanan informasi pengguna sosmed generasi millenial. Populаsi yаng digunаkаn dаlаm pеnеlitiаn ini аdаlаh para generasi milenial. Sаmpеl yаng digunаkаn dаlаm pеnеlitiаn ini аdаlаh 30 responden generasi millenial. Setelah memperoleh data, selanjutnya dilakukan analisa dengan menggunakan metode skala likert. Hаsil pеnеlitiаn ini mеnunjukkаn bаhwа social media mеmiliki pеngаruh signifikаn dan positif tеrhаdаp keamanan sosmed dikalangan generasi milenial. Olеh kаrеnа itu, disarankan kepada para generasi milenial untuk tetap memperhatikan keamanan informasi dalam menggunakan social media
The case for emulating insect brains using anatomical “wiring diagrams” equipped with biophysical models of neuronal activity
Authors: Collins Logan Thrasher
Published: November 2018

Developing whole-brain emulation (WBE) technology would provide immense benefits across neuroscience, biomedicine, artificial intelligence, and robotics. At this time, constructing a simulated human brain lacks feasibility due to limited experimental data and limited computational resources. However, I suggest that progress towards this goal might be accelerated by working towards an intermediate objective, namely insect brain emulation (IBE). More specifically, this would entail creating biologically realistic simulations of entire insect nervous systems along with more approximate simulations of non-neuronal insect physiology to make “virtual insects.” I argue that this is realistically achievable within the next 25 years.
Deverbal Nominals in Toba Batak Language: A Generative Transformational Study
Authors: Ambarita Esron
Published: November 2018

This paper aims at exploring deverbal nominals in Toba Batak language from the view point of generative transformational study. The theory of generative morphology has predictive power to generate new words. Considering the particular rules of word formation in Toba Batak language, Halle’s theory is modified to be adjusted to Toba Batak morphological system. Two new integrated components, Orthographic and Phonological Rules are added between Halle’s Filter and Dictionary. Therefore, there are six components of sets of generative transformational rules as modified theory in this study, i.e. List of Morphemes, Word Formation Rules, Filter, Orthographic Rules, Phonological Rules, and Dictionary. Data analyses were done using modified theory but they refer to Halle’s model as the main theory. This research applied descriptive qualitative method. The data were obtained by using observation methods and their techniques and interlocution method and its techniques. The collected data are voice-recordings and writings. The research findings comprise that deverbal nominals in Toba Batak language are done by attaching: (1) prefix [par-], (2) prefix [paN-], (3) confix [ha-an], (4) confix [paN-an], (5) confix [paN -on], (6) confix [par-an], (7) affix combination [paηin-], and (8) affix combination [paηun-]. The processes of attaching those affixes generate complex words which have different grammatical and lexical meanings. Morphological processes found in the word formation are phoneme deletion, phoneme assimilation, and phoneme addition. The processes of attaching those affixes bring about semantic and phonological idiosyncrasies, therefore, such words must be processed in filter to generate acceptable words in Toba Batak language.
Pelaksanaan & Pelaporan Magang Mahasiswa Juni-Agustus 2018
Authors: Pamungkas Alim Harun
Published: November 2018

Presentasi Pelaksanaan & Pelaporan Magang Mahasiswa Juni-Agustus 2018
THE URGENCY OF LINGUISTIC COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE IN SOCIAL INTERACTIONS
Authors: Ambarita Esron
Published: November 2018

This paper aims at exploring the urgency of linguistic communication in social interactions in relation with the theory of model of linguistic communication. Linguistics as the scientific study of language can be viewed theoretically and practically. Theoretically, it is considered as scientific study of language, and practically, linguistics is largely a way of talking about language, and, therefore, a precise vocabulary is required so that specialists in the field can communicate accurately with each other. Communication is a must which is required in verbal and written communication. Integrating language skills is the only approach to be done in interactive communication. Communication and language seem to be a two-side coin. That is to say, where there is communication, there is, at least, one language, and vice versa, where there is a language, there is communication as well. The urgency of linguistic com¬munication is even more important in many other aspects of social life. Linguistic communication is not simply a matter of sending and receiving messages, but also involves sensitivity to emotional factors and the complex and subtle dynamics that operate between people. In social interaction, human beings always use language in communication, either verbally or non verbally. Verbal communication is called linguistic communication. In linguistic communication, universally the speech can be directly understood by other communicator because communication is done using oral language. It means, in case the message reciever does not understand the massage vonveyed, he directly can clarify it to the sender of the message. There are a lot of things involved when linguistic communication is done, such as, individual identity, social structure, culture, context, and social interaction.
SUDUT PANDANG FIKSI SASTRA
Authors: Julfahnur
Published: November 2018

Sudut pandang, point of view,viewpoint, merupakan salah satu unsur fiksi yang oleh Stanton digolongkan sebagai sarana cerita literary device. Sudut pandang haruslah diperhitungkan kehadirannya, bentuknya, sebab pemilihan sudut pandang akan berpengaruh terhadap penyajian cerita. Reaksi afektif pembaca terhadap sebuah cerita fiksipun dalam banyak hal akan dipengaruhi oleh bentuk sudut pandang. Sudut pandang pada hakikatnya merupakan strategi, teknik, siasat, yang secara sengaja dipilih pengarang untuk mengemukakan gagasan dan cerita. Menurut Booth mengemukakan bahwa sudut pandang merupakan teknik yang dipergunakan pengarang untuk menemukan dan menyampaikan makna karya artistiknya, sehingga dapat sampai dan berhubungan dengan pembaca. Dengan teknik yang dipilihnya diharapkan pembaca dapat menerima dan menghayati gagasa-gagasan dan karenanya teknik boleh dikatakan efektif. Sudut pandang cerita itu sendiri secara garis besar dapat dibedakan dalam dua macam: persona pertama, first-person, gaya “aku”, dan persona ketiga, third-person, gaya “dia”. Adapun macam-macam sudut pandang: (1) sudut pandamg persona ketiga “Dia”. Sudut pandang “dia” dapat dibedakan dalam dua golongan berdasarkan tingkat kebebasan dan keterikatan pengarang dengan bahan ceritanya yaitu “Dia” mahatau dan “Dia” terbatas,“Dia” sebagai pengamat; (2) sudut pandang persona pertama “Aku” berdasarkan peran dan kedudukan dalam cerita dibagi menjadi dua golongan yaitu ”Aku” Mahatau dan “Aku” tokoh tambahan; (3) sudut pandang persona kedua: “Kau”; dan (4) sudut pandang campuran.
Komunikasi Efektif untuk Perubahan Organisasi (Komentar tentang Era Perubahan UNP Menuju World Class University)
Authors: Ulthari Indah , Pamungkas Alim Harun
Published: November 2018

Sejak diraihnya akreditasi A dari Badan Akareditasi Nasional Perguruan Tinggi (BANPT) oleh Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP), maka peluang menuju World Class University (WCU) semakin terbuka. Harapan perubahan setelah dua tahun waktu berjalan terus secara berkesinambungan menjadi bahan kajian dan telaah secara bersama dari lintas disiplin. Artikel ini merupakan komentar terhadap situasi perubahan yang sedang dicapai.
The Social, Cultural, Philosophical, and Ideological Basis of Education with the Style of Marhaenism
Authors: Pamungkas Alim Harun
Published: November 2018

The Social, Cultural, Philosophical, and Ideological Basis of Education with the Style of Marhaenism
Sudut Pandang Sebagai Unsur Fiksi Karya Sastra
Authors: Julfahnur
Published: November 2018

Sudut pandang, point of view,viewpoint, merupakan salah satu unsur fiksi yang oleh Stanton digolongkan sebagai sarana cerita literary device. Sudut pandang haruslah diperhitungkan kehadirannya, bentuknya, sebab pemilihan sudut pandang akan berpengaruh terhadap penyajian cerita. Reaksi afektif pembaca terhadap sebuah cerita fiksipun dalam banyak hal akan dipengaruhi oleh bentuk sudut pandang. Sudut pandang pada hakikatnya merupakan strategi, teknik, siasat, yang secara sengaja dipilih pengarang untuk mengemukakan gagasan dan cerita. Menurut Booth mengemukakan bahwa sudut pandang merupakan teknik yang dipergunakan pengarang untuk menemukan dan menyampaikan makna karya artistiknya, sehingga dapat sampai dan berhubungan dengan pembaca. Dengan teknik yang dipilihnya diharapkan pembaca dapat menerima dan menghayati gagasa-gagasan dan karenanya teknik boleh dikatakan efektif. Sudut pandang cerita itu sendiri secara garis besar dapat dibedakan dalam dua macam: persona pertama, first-person, gaya “aku”, dan persona ketiga, third-person, gaya “dia”. Adapun macam-macam sudut pandang: (1) sudut pandamg persona ketiga “Dia”. Sudut pandang “dia” dapat dibedakan dalam dua golongan berdasarkan tingkat kebebasan dan keterikatan pengarang dengan bahan ceritanya yaitu “Dia” mahatau dan “Dia” terbatas,“Dia” sebagai pengamat; (2) sudut pandang persona pertama “Aku” berdasarkan peran dan kedudukan dalam cerita dibagi menjadi dua golongan yaitu ”Aku” Mahatau dan “Aku” tokoh tambahan; (3) sudut pandang persona kedua: “Kau”; dan (4) sudut pandang campuran.
Disain Kebijakan Pengelolaan Perikanan Budidaya Untuk Menunjang Ekosistem Danau Limboto Lestari
Authors: Hasim
Published: November 2018

Perikanan budidaya sistem Karamba Jaring Apung (KJA) berkembang pesat di Danau Limboto. Perkembangantersebut tidak semata memberikan dampak ekonomi tetapi juga berdampak negative terhadap lingkunganperairan. Oleh karena itu telah dilakukan penelitian dengan fokus tujuan (1) mengkaji kelayakan kondisi perairanDanau Limboto untuk pengembangan KJA; (2) mendesain kebijakan pengelolaan budidaya sistem KJA yangberkelanjutan. Metode penelitian menggunakan survey. Data fisik diukur secara langsung di lapangan,sedangkan responden pakar melalui wawancara terstruktur terhadap 7 responden pakar. Analisis yangdigunakan yaitu winexsys, ISM dan AHP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua lokasi danau sesuaiuntuk pengembangan perikanan budidaya. Faktor kebijakan, pemerintah, daya dukung dan pengelolaanberbasis masyarakat prioritas untuk diperhatikan. Sedangkan elemen kunci untuk pengembangan kebijakan ialahsinergi, egosektoral, dan pengendalian sedimen.
Laporan Aktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Dasar Profesi Dosen
Authors: Pamungkas Alim Harun
Published: November 2018

Presentasi Laporan Aktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Dasar Profesi Dosen
Personalized Models of Psychopathology as Contextualized Dynamic Processes: An Example from Individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Woods William C. , Arizmendi Cara , Gates Kathleen , Stepp Stephanie , Pilkonis Paul A. , Wright Aidan G.C.
Published: November 2018

Objective: Psychopathology research has relied on discrete diagnoses, which neglects the unique manifestations of each individual’s pathology. Borderline personality disorder combines interpersonal, affective, and behavioral regulation impairments making it particularly ill-suited to a “one size fits all” diagnosis. Clinical assessment and case formulation involve understanding and developing a personalized model for each patient’s contextualized dynamic processes, and research would benefit from a similar focus on the individual. Method: We use group iterative multiple model estimation, which estimates a model for each individual and identifies general or shared features across individuals, in both a mixed-diagnosis sample (N=78) and a subsample with a single diagnosis (n=24). Results: We found that individuals vary widely in their dynamic processes in affective and interpersonal domains both within and across diagnoses. However, there was some evidence that dynamic patterns relate to transdiagnostic baseline measures. We conclude with descriptions of two person-specific models as an example of the heterogeneity of dynamic processes. Conclusions: The idiographic models presented here join a growing literature showing that the individuals differ dramatically in the total patterning of these processes, even as key processes are shared across individuals. We argue that these processes are best estimated in the context of person-specific models, and that so doing may advance our understanding of the contextualized dynamic processes that could identify maintenance mechanisms and treatment targets.
Knowledge and Practice on Infection Prevention among Nurses of Bir Hospital, Kathmandu
Authors: Shrestha Goma Niraula , Thapa Bandana
Published: November 2018

Background: Infection prevention is a crucial component to provide quality care in any health care setting. Infections are leading cause of death and preventable illness. This study was conducted to find out the knowledge and practice among nurses regarding infectionprevention.Methods: A descriptive study design was adopted for the study. Total 170 nurses were included by usingcensus technique to assess knowledge on infection prevention.Probability systematic sampling technique was used by selecting every odd number from staffs’ list to observe the practice of 85 nurses..Semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and observation checklist was used for data collection.Results: The study showed that 57.1% of respondents had adequate knowledge and only 48.2% had good practice on infection preventionthrough hand hygiene, use of adequate personal protective equipment, decontamination, cleaning of instruments, sterilization, and use of antiseptics, disposal of sharps and waste disposal. Similarly 88.8% of the respondents had not received any training related to infection prevention.Conclusions: This study reveals that respondents had better knowledge than practice on infection prevention. The study suggestthat need for organizing regular training, monitoring, development and implementation of guideline to improve knowledge and practice of nurses for prevention of infection in the hospital.
Challenges of New Healthcare Reform Act 2017 and Possibility of Rise of Defensive Medicine in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Yogesh , Dahal Ranjan , Bista Navindra Raj , Bista Sangita
Published: November 2018

Hippocratic oath, written 4th or 5th century BC, is still the binding mantra for physicians, which swears to fulfill to the best of one’s ability and judgement, and treat sick human beings not just illness. But with changing health trends in southeast Asia region, there is a dramatic shift in patients and patients’ party expectations regarding treatment, recovery, complications, and death. Such expectations havelead to violence against physicians and shift towards alternative medical practice. This article explores the possible rise of defensive medicine and its broader implications in health care system in Nepal with regard to the new “Muluki Aparadh Samhita Ain 2074/Criminal Code Act 2017”.
The Correlation of Education about Cough Etiquette and the Knowledge of Security Officers and Cleaning Service Officers
Authors: Kusbaryanto -
Published: November 2018

Background: Nosocomial infection is an infection that patients get when they are hospitalized. To minimize the risk of infection in hospitals, it is necessary to apply standard precautions. One of which is to follow the conduct of cough etiquette.Objective: This research is aimed to analyze the effectiveness of education of cough etiquette module to increase the knowledge about cough etiquette on security and cleaning service officers in hospital.Material and method: This study is a quasi-experiments with pretest and posttest control group design. The samples of this study were taken by using purposive sampling with 24 respondents in the experiment group and 27 respondents in the control group. The data was analyzed by using Wilcoxon and Independent sample T test. Meanwhile, the data was collected by using a questionnaire.Results: The result in this study shows that in the control group, the value of knowledge is p = 0.074 (p > 0.05). In experiment group, the value of knowledge is p = 0.357 (p > 0.05). The result of the control group and the group is p = 0.051 (p > 0.05). The result shows that in the experiment group and in the control group, the comparison between the control and experiment group does not show a significant difference.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is no correlation between knowledge of cough etiquette before and after education.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 01 January’19. Page : 23-25
Future climate change and it`s impact on precipitation and temperature in Ukraine
Authors: Khokhlov V. , Yermolenko N.
Published: November 2018

Global climate change has provoked an active development in modern methods relating to the prediction of spatiotemporal hydrometeorological fields. Numerical modeling of nearest-future climatic changes allows to generate strategies of development for different areas of economic activity.

The paper aims to assess the expected air temperature and precipitation features in Ukraine considering different scenarios of climatic change. The modeling future changes of air temperature and precipitation were carried out using the A1B and A2 scenarios of climatic change. The outcomes of regional climate model ECHAM5 from ENSEMBLES Project were used as initial data. It was revealed that the air temperature will gradually increase in most of Ukrainian regions. Moreover highest air temperature will be recorded in Southern Ukraine during 2031-2050. The analysis of linear trends for 2031-2050 showed that the air temperature for the scenario A1B will exhibit a tendency to the decrease of temperature. However, the annually mean temperature in 2031-2050 for the ‘moderate’ scenario A1B will be higher than for the ‘hard’, in terms of greenhouse gases concentrations, scenario A2. The annual precipitation in Ukraine, both for the A1B and A2 scenario, will slightly increase toward the 2050 with the exception of Southern Ukraine. Also, the highest annual precipitation will be registered in the western part of Ukraine, and lowest – in the southern one. The paper can be expanded to the analysis of future dangerous weather phenomena depending on the changes of air temperature and precipitation.
Agricultural plant residues in the Odessa oblast: perspectives for biogas production
Authors: Binkovska G.V. , Shanina T.P.
Published: November 2018

An area of the Odessa oblast includes 26 administrative districts with developed agricultural traditions. The productivity of main grain crops in the Odessa oblast comprises several million tons every year. Annually, the vegetable residues in the Odessa oblast upon harvesting make a significant amount. Biomass includes both nutritional and energy potential, which requires new approach in the storage and treatment. At the same time, the current problems with high cost of the traditional energy sources create various obstacles in the fields of agricultural activity.

Recently, considerable attention is focused on the process of  biological conversion of the biomass to methane. Rising segment of biomass application in the energy strategies all over the world implies the need for greater accumulation of biomass resources to meet the demand.

The purpose of this publication is an assessment of vegetable biomass amount in the districts of the Odessa oblast, potential of nutrients and biogas energy generated from the biomass. The analysis corresponds to the search of new alternative energy resources and the rational use of organic biomass.

The agricultural biomass residues are the resource category with relatively high regeneration capacity. This property can be used for producing nutrient-rich organic fertilizers and high-energy biogas to compensate the traditional fossil fuel dependence.

The availability of agricultural biomass resources was found to demonstrate the great perspectives for the bioenergy sector, first of all in view of the adopted waste management strategies.
Aerosols dynamics in the atmosphere over Eastern Europe by means of AERONET according to weather conditions during summer 2010
Authors: Galytska E. , Danylevsky V. , Snizhko S.
Published: November 2018

Introduction. Aerosols in the Earth's atmosphere are not only air pollutants but also a factor that affects the climate. The study of the dynamics of aerosol layer properties and aerosol particles properties, and revealing sources of the atmosphere pollution by aerosols is one of the urgent problems of modern environmental sciences. Monitoring of the air pollution caused by aerosols contributes to the determination of its effects on the climate and to the reduction of its negative impacts on the health of the population.

The purpose of this paper is to present the analysis of the dynamics of aerosols in the atmosphere over Eastern Europe. Thus, latest technologies and approaches are used: remote ground-based measurements of the optical properties of aerosol particles with the international sun photometers network AERONET; analysis of fires distribution during summer 2010 with the data application from satellite instrument MODIS; atmospheric dynamics research with the analysis of synoptic situation and modeling of transport of particles with the application of HYSPLIT model.

Results. The peculiarities of changes of aerosol optical depth at 500 nm spectral channel and Angstrom parameter 440-870 nm for 10 AERONET stations in Eastern Europe are discussed in the article. The authors provide complex analysis of aerosols distribution together with natural processes as forest fires and overview these processes considering weather conditions that were conducive for aerosols accumulation during that time. HYSPLIT back trajectories for mentioned stations in the altitude 0.5, 1.5, 3, 4 and 5 km are used as the improvement of results of synoptic analysis. Clear advantage of modelling of transport processes give the ability to receive detailed transport paths, which makes easier to distinguish the origin of aerosols.

Conclusion. Detailed research of aerosols with the application of up-to-date technologies makes the analysis of the optical properties of aerosols over large area quite efficient. The obvious effect of forest fires in European territory of Russia (UTR) on air quality of observational stations of Ukraine, Russia, Moldova, Romania, Poland, Belarus and Estonia is detected and analysed. The further application of satellite measurements of optical properties of aerosols are attempted to be implemented to the further research.
Assessment of changes of agro-climatic conditions for cultivation of millet in the southern regions of Ukraine resulted from climate change
Authors: Danilova N.V.
Published: November 2018

The signals of global warming are now being observed throughout the world. Data of hydrometeorological centres show a significant increase of temperature in many regions accompanied by intense frequency of dry periods. Some substantial and direct effects of climate change may be already noticed at present time. Over the next several decades they will be observed in agriculture. Increase of temperature and reduction of precipitation volumes will probably lead to decrease the level of yield. These changes can significantly affect the global food security. Ukraine is known for its fertile soil and agricultural products, so it has a huge agricultural potential, contributing, in fact, to the global food security. However, the observed weather changes, increase of average temperature and uneven distribution of rainfalls can result in sharp transformation of most of agricultural and climatic zones of Ukraine. According to international processes there is an urgent need for improvement of adaptation to climate change of some branches of national economy of Ukraine, including of agriculture.

Expanding the range of types of millet used in agricultural production is an economically feasible process that should be implemented in view of significant climate changes resulting in global warming which is widely discussed in scientific literature. Rapid introduction in crop shifts of the millet that is able to withstand recurring periodic droughts, especially in the southern regions, is one of the ways allowing to overcome the consequences of such extreme conditions.

Conditions of the southern regions are favourable for millet crop. Millet is one of the most drought-resistant and heat-resistant crops that can sustain heat injuries and seizures and this is very important for arid areas during dry years, when other crops significantly reduce the level of yield.

We studied changes of agro-climatic resources and agro-climatic conditions for formation of millet productivity for various periods of time. The analysis of climate change trend was performed through comparing of data as per climatic scenarios A2 and A1B and of average long-term characteristics of climatic and agro-climatic indicators. The comparative description of millet productivity under the conditions of climate change as per average long-term data (1986-2005) and as per scenarios A2 and A1B of climate change (2011-2030 and 2031-2050) was also performed.
Water resources of Ukraine in the XXI century under climate change scenarios (RCP4.5 AND RCP8.5)
Authors: Loboda N.S. , Bozhok Y.V.
Published: November 2018

Data of climate change scenarios RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 (Representative Concentration Pathways) were used. They were proposed for consideration in the Fifth Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Average long-term annual flow values using meteorological data (air temperature and precipitation) from the scenarios for the period 2011-2050 were calculated. 84 points (grid nodes) uniformly distributed on the territory of Ukraine were studied. The calculations were made based on the model "climate-runoff", developed in Odessa State Environmental University. Projection of changes in water resources was given by comparing the calculation results in the past (before 1989) and in the future (2011-2050). The major trends in water resources of Ukraine were established. It is shown that by the middle of the XXI century reducing of water resources is expected on the plain territory of Ukraine (70% in the southeast). In the geographical zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians, especially in the Tisa river basin, its stability or growth is possible. Analysis of changes in the ratio of moisture and heat resources showed that climate aridity will be intensify and the insufficient moisture zone and the semiarid zone will be widen.
Assessment of heat supply of vegetation period within the northern grain-seeding territory of Kazakhstan
Authors: Baisholanov S. S.
Published: November 2018

Introduction. The existing  agroclimatic handbooks in Kazakhstan are outdated both in informational and technological senses. Therefore necessity of agroclimatic resources reassessment arose.

Purpose. Research of heat supply of vegetation period within the Northern grain-seeding territory of  Kazakhstan.

Methods. Data of meteorological stations for period of 1981-2014 were used. Methods of statistic and climatologic processing of data were applied. The agroclimatic maps were drafted using ArcGIS 10.1 software.

Results. The article describes a thermal regime, duration and heat supply of vegetation period within the territory of 4 northern oblasts of Kazakhstan. The territory of Northern Kazakhstan under study hascontinental climate. Average annual air temperature at the area under study increases from the North to the South from 1.8 °C to 5.3 °C. Average July air temperature at the area changes from 18.5 °C to 23.6 °C and average January air temperature – from minus 12.8 °C  to minus 17.4 °C. Duration of vegetation period for early spring crops constitutes 172-193 days, for late spring crops – 136-162 days and for warm weather crops – 89-124 days. Daily range of air temperature is 11.4-14.7 °C and that means rather high quality of grain. Sum of active temperatures exceeding 10 °C  increases  from the North to the South from 2100 °C to 3400 °C. Vegetation period is 90% provided by sum of active temperatures exceeding 10 °C within the range of 2000-2900 °C. Maps of heat supply and vegetation period duration were also drafted.

Conclusions. In the north of the territory under study thermal sources satisfy demands of soft and common sorts of wheat but are not enough for sunflower and maize, in the south they are enough for wheat, all sorts of sunflower and middle-late sorts of maize.
Assessment of water resources change of the Danube River in the XXI century under the scenario A1B using the model "climate-runoff"
Authors: Loboda N. S. , Bozhok Yu. V.
Published: November 2018

The results of calculations of possible state of water resources within The Danube River basin in the XXI century were shown. This estimation was based on the model "climate-runoff", developed in Odessa State Environmental University. As the input to model data of climate scenario A1B (model REMO) were used. Average long-term annual flow values using meteorological data (air temperature and precipitation) from the scenario for different climatic periods of  XXI century were calculated. 32 points (grid nodes) which were uniformly distributed over the catchment area of  the Danube River were studied. Projection of changes in water resources was given by comparing the calculation results in the past (before 1989) and in the future (1990-2030, 2031-2070, 2071-2100). The major trends in climatic factors of the flow formation and water resources were established. It is shown that the climatic conditions in the XXI century on the Danube River catchment is unfavorable for the formation of runoff. The positive component of the water balance (precipitation) remains unchanged and the negative component (evaporation) increases. Isolines of  norms of climatic annual flow within the whole basin were constructed. It is established that by 2030 a significant reduction of water resources will not occur; during the 2031-2070 diminution will be 17,9 %; during the 2071-2100 – 22,0 %.
Odessa Scientific Cluster for oceanographic research: current state and prospects
Authors: Tuchkovenko Yu. S. , Aleksandrov B. H. , Andrianova O. R. , Golodov M. F. , Komorin V. M. , Matyhin O. S. , Minicheva G. G. , Popov Yu. I.
Published: November 2018

The paper presents an overview of the current state and prospects for development of oceanographic research that is performed at specialized institutions being the constituents of Odessa Scientific Cluster: The Ukrainian Scientific Center of Ecology of the Sea, the Institute of Marine Biology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Odessa Area Branch of State Hydrographic Service of Ukraine, the Black and Azov Seas Center for Hydrometeorology, the Odessa State Environmental University and the Hydroacoustics Department of the S. I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The priority tasks in the field of Oceanology, defined at the First All-Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Congress having being held in Odessa on 22-23 March 2017 are formulated. It is concluded that after Ukraine had lost the Crimean Scientific Oceanographic Cluster, the Odessa Cluster remained the only center in Ukraine which structural units had practical experience in marine research, scientific potential, scientific and methodological developments, an infrastructure for implementation of the tasks of the Maritime Doctrine of Ukraine for the period of up to 2035 as regards the issues related to oceanographic support for the maritime economic activity and sustainable development of Ukraine as a maritime nation. However, a necessary precondition for this is enhancement of the system for organization of oceanographic research at the state level and proper resource support for development of the scientific and technical potential.
Scientific and methodological base for calculation of rain and spring floods maximum runoff
Authors: Gopchenko E. , Burlutskaya M. , Romanchuk M.
Published: November 2018

For more than 40 years estimated characteristics of rivers' maximum runoff for rain and spring floods in Ukraine have been determined using the regulatory document SNiP 2.01.14-83. This regulatory document is based on use of reduction formulas (for spring floods, rain floods with catchment areas of F >200 km2) and maximum intensity formulas (for rain floods with catchment areas of F < 200 km2).

Use of reduction structure for rain and spring floods of different reduction have no relevant grounds since in both cases we deal with calculation of maximum water discharge forming the part of unimodular hydrographs. In addition, a calculated parameter of "friendliness" k0 is determined for spring floods by use of hydrological analogues, which, by the way, are assigned rather provisionally. Regarding rain floods the impact in the form of coefficients of analogy is replaced by the runoff  module q200  taken for a provisional catchment area F = 200 km2. In methodological terms, in contrast to the "friendliness" coefficient of the spring flood k0  determined by the method of hydrological analogy, module q200  (for rain floods) is represented by a map of isolines. More remarks can be voiced with regard to the methodological base of determination of maximum modules of rain floods runoff within small catchment areas (F <200 km2). The main drawback relating to the use of maximum intensity formula consists in the fact that natural process of transformation of rain floods “precipitation - slope inflow - river channel runoff” is replaced by the operator of "precipitation - river channel runoff".

The authors of this article offer a universal approach to substantiation of the structure of the formula to determine the characteristics of maximum runoff of rain and spring floods.

The original theoretical model for hydrographs of rain and spring floods is accepted as unimodular non-linear triangles.

For the first time all the components of calculation equations of modules of maximum runoff of rain and spring floods are described by the same equations and differ only in numerical values of the parameters. The proposed scientific and methodological base for determination of modules of maximum runoff of rain and spring floods underwent practical test and is recommended for use when preparing a new Ukrainian regulatory document replacing SNiP 2.01.14-83.