bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sulforaphane alleviates renal fibrosis through dual regulation on mTOR-mediated autophagy pathway
Authors: Zhang Di , Zhang Han , Lv Shiqi , Zhu Cheng , Gong Shaomin , Yu Xixi , Wang Yulin , Huang Xinhui , Yuan ShuangXin , Ding Xiaoqiang , Zhang Xiaoyan
Published: August 2024

Renal fibrosis is a common pathological process of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, effective therapy is limited currently. Autophagy is an important mechanism in kidney injury and repairment but its exact role in renal fibrosis was discrepant according to previous studies. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural plant compound, was explored as a promising nutritional therapy in a range of diseases. But the salutary effect and underlying mechanism of SFN on CKD have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of SFN on renal fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice. Then we examined the regulatory effect of SFN on autophagy-related proteins in renal fibroblasts and renal tubular epithelial cells. Our results showed that sulforaphane could significantly alleviate renal fibrosis in UUO mice. In vitro, the expression levels of autophagy-related protein showed that SFN could upregulate the autophagy activity of renal interstitial fibroblasts and downregulate autophagy activity of renal tubular epithelial cells. Furthermore, we found that phosphorylated mTOR protein levels was reduced in renal fibroblasts and increased in renal tubular epithelial cells after SFN treatment. Our results strongly suggested that SFN could alleviate renal fibrosis through dual regulation on mTOR-mediated autophagy pathway. This finding may provide a new perspective on the renal salutary effect of SFN and provide a preclinical rationale for exploring therapeutic potential of SFN to slow down renal fibrosis.
H-Step A head Prediction of Soil Temperature at Different Depths
Authors: Yousefi-Babadi Abolghasem
Published: August 2024

The soil temperature plays a strong role in the critical processes and also has a critical role in surface energy balancing and saving. On the other hand, soil temperature parameters, such as depth of frost penetration, are essential indicators of climate in agriculture, construction and installation of drainage and water piping networks. In this paper, the H-step ahead temperature prediction of soil at the difference depth (5, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 100 centimeters) is modeled. Data of average relative humidity, minimum daily temperatures, average daily temperature, solar radiation and historical data of the previous soil temperature were used for predicting the soil temperature. A compression study among three prediction algorithms, including ordinary least square, multi-layer perceptron and local linear models, are carried out to obtain the best prediction algorithm. On the other hand, to find a reliable and efficient prediction of h-step ahead of soil temperature in various depths, three different prediction models, which is used several input data, are designed. Proposed models are evaluated by several confirmed cases. By evaluating the accuracy criteria and comparing prediction models considering these indices, the best prediction model is introduced. Finally, numerous diagrams and tables are presented to measure the fitted model.
Gate Modulation of Barrier Height of Unipolar Vertically Stacked Monolayer ReS2 / MoS2 Heterojunction.
Authors: Polumati Gowtham , Kolli Chandra Sekhar Reddy , kumar Aayush , Salazar Mario Flores , Bugallo Andres De Luna , Sahatiya Parikshit
Published: August 2024

This study investigates vertically stacked CVD grown ReS2/MoS2 unipolar heterostructure device as Field Effect Transistor (FET) device wherein ReS2 on top acts as drain and MoS2 at bottom acts as source. The electrical measurements of ReS2/MoS2 FET device were carried out and variation in IDS (drain current) Vs VDS (drain voltage) for different VGS (gate voltage) revealing the n-type device characteristics. Furthermore, the threshold voltage was calculated at the gate bias voltage corresponding to maximum transconductance (gm) value which is ~ 12 V. The mobility of the proposed ReS2/MoS2 heterojunction FET device was calculated as 30.48 cm2 V-1 s-1. The band structure of the fabricated vDW heterostructure was extracted utilizing ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and the UV-visible spectroscopy revealing the formation of 2D electron gas (2DEG) at the ReS2/MoS2 interface which explains the high carrier mobility of the fabricated FET. The field effect behavior is studied by the modulation of the barrier height across heterojunction and detailed explanation is presented in terms of the charge transport across the heterojunction.
Attenuation of Experimental Cholesterol Gallstone Formation by Manganese Chloride in Mice: Role of Nfκβ Pathways
Authors: T. SALAMI Adeola , Orji Juliet Chisom , Akpamu Uwaifoh , Iyiola Toluwalope , olaleye Samuel Babafemi
Published: August 2024

Manganese (Mn) a trace element, has been documented to exert important role in the metabolism of cholesterol. Cholesterol gallstone (CG) pathogenesis is directly linked to biliary cholesterol imbalance which could be due to diabetes complication or mis-management. NF-κB pathway, an inflammatory regulator has been implicated in metabolic disease especially during diabetes and gallstone. However, management of cholesterol gallstone due to diabetes with trace element is vague. This study investigates the probable role of Manganese during cholesterol gallstone formation due to diabetes complications. 80 Female Swiss mice were grouped thus: I (control), II (Untreated-CG), III and IV (normal mice treated 0.37mg/kg and 0.74mg/kg Mn respectively), V and VI (CG treated 0.37mg/kg and 0.74mg/kg Mn respectively), and VII and VIII (CG treated 75mg/7kg and 350mg/kg aspirin respectively). Experimental CG was induced with cholesterol-rich diets after alloxan-induced diabetes. On sacrifice, blood collected was evaluated for complete haematological analysis and biochemistry while excised liver was assayed for biochemical variables. Results were subjected to one-way ANOVA values were expressed as Mean ± SEM and significant at p ≤ 0.05. Manganese treatment significantly increased packed cell volume, RBC count and haemoglobin with decreased platelet and leukocyte counts, liver enyzmes (AST, ALT and ALP), BUN and creatinine levels in CG groups compared with untreated-CG. Blood glucose, plasma Low Density Lipoproteins and liver malodialdehyde levels were significantly reduced while Liver nitric-oxide, sulfhydryl and glutathione levels increased significantly in Manganese-treated groups compared with untreated-CG. Manganese significantly increased feacal iron contents in normal mice by the 2nd week. Hepatocytes and gallbladder histology appear normal in Manganese-treated groups. Liver NF-Kβ immunoreactivity was downregulated in Manganese-treated CG groups. Manganese attenuated experimental hyperglycemia induced cholesterol gallstone by ameliorating liver oxidative stress and NF-Kβ inflammatory pathway.
Perturbation-induced nonreciprocal transmission in nonlinear parity-time-symmetric silicon micromechanical resonators
Authors: Huang Qing-An , Wang Rui , Han Lei , Zhang Man-Na , Wang Li-Feng
Published: August 2024

Parity-time (PT) symmetric systems featuring balanced gain and loss, when biased in a broken phase, can produce nonreciprocal transmission in the presence of nonlinear gain. However, the weak coupling in the broken phase leads to high insertion loss during transmission. Here, we demonstrate an approach to achieve nonreciprocal transmission in PT-symmetric silicon micromechanical resonators operating in an exact phase. In our approach, PT-symmetry breaking due to external perturbations to the loss resonator results in exponential growth and decay modes. The presence of the nonlinear gain suppresses the exponential growth mode. As a result, the nonreciprocal transmission is achieved while keeping the system at the strong coupling region. The coupling strength, perturbation, and gain nonlinearity of the system can be electrically tuned. The system shows 8 dB of nonreciprocal transmission with the insertion loss less than 5 dB and the isolation more than 13 dB. Our approach demonstrates the ability to manipulate nonreciprocal transmission and opens a door towards the development of electronic isolators and circulators on silicon substrate.
AI based Deep Radiomics for Quantification of Macular Edema: A Continuous, Non-categorical, Numerical Score for Personalized Medicine
Authors: Puri Ashok , Krueger Ronald
Published: August 2024

Existing categorical grading methods in medicine fail to capture subtle variations in disease spectrum which are crucial for closely monitoring its progression, response to treatment, and developing new guidelines to enable personalized and precision medicine. We developed a truly continuous, non-categorical, numerical score, called the Edema Score (ES), with a precision of multiple decimal places, for grading macular edema in retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. This score was determined by obtaining the directional derivatives using activations extracted from the final convolutional layer of a deep learning retinal OCT model and the specialist defined edema concepts. Significant differences in ES were observed between different groups of edema severity (p < 0.001). It captured complex nonlinear relationships from edema features in an image, that correlated well with the disease severity, response to treatment, the prognostically significant internal pattern of edema, and its invisible spread into the surrounding regions. The scalability of this deep radiomics approach to more biomarkers in Ophthalmic imaging and in other domains of medicine, can serve as a bridge ushering us into an era of precision medicine.
In situ magnetic-field-assisted bioprinting process using magnetorheological bioink to obtain engineered muscle constructs
Authors: Kim GeunHyung
Published: August 2024

Tissue-engineered anisotropic cell constructs are promising candidates for treating volumetric muscle loss (VML). However, achieving successful cell alignment within macroscale 3D cell constructs for skeletal muscle tissue regeneration remains challenging, owing to difficulties in controlling cell arrangement within a low-viscosity hydrogel. Herein, we propose the concept of a magnetorheological bioink to manipulate the cellular arrangement within a low-viscosity hydrogel. This bioink consisted of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), iron oxide nanoparticles, and human adipose stem cells (hASCs). The cell arrangement is regulated by the responsiveness of iron oxide nanoparticles to external magnetic fields. A bioprinting process using ring magnets was developed for in situ bioprinting, resulting in well-aligned 3D cell structures and enhanced mechanotransduction effects on hASCs. In vitro analyses revealed upregulation of cellular activities, including myogenic-related gene expression, in hASCs. When implanted into a VML mouse model, the bioconstructs improved muscle functionality and regeneration, validating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Status of Mentoring Among Clinical Medical and Dental Students of the College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
Authors: NKUBLI F.B. , A.BAKARI  , A.ANAS
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVES:To assess the status of mentoring among clinical dental and medical students of the College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Northeast, Nigeria.Materials and Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to sample the opinions of 240 students of clinical dental and medical students. A 13-item self – self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire designed and distributed through Google Forms was used to collect information from respondents on the status of mentoring programs at the College of Medical Science. Data Collected was analyzed with the use of Microsoft Excel 2016 version, where descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were generated from the data.Results;of the 240 respondents studied, 187(78%) of students are aware of the college mentoring program while 31(12.9%) of students were not aware, 15(6.3%) were not sure they were aware and 5(2.1%) did not respond to the question on the mentoring program initiated in the college.Conclusion:the status of mentoring in the College of Medical Science as ongoing. The mentoring program of the college at the time of this study is active and ongoing with increased awareness among students. However, the frequency of meetings between mentor-mentee has reduced over time with a lack of protected time for mentoring.
The effect of tree bark aqueous extracts on acid corrosion of austenitic steels 10X18N10T and 10X17N13M2T
Authors: Школьников Е. В.
Published: August 2024

Механизм ингибирования коррозии аустенитных сталей 10Х18Н10Т и 10Х17Н13М2Т в сильных кислотах, а также возможность увеличения антикоррозийного действия экстрактов коры изменением породного состава древесной коры, минеральными и органическими добавками изучены недостаточно. Цель работы - гравиметрическое и электрохимическое исследование влияния температуры и состава ингибирующих композиций на основе водных экстрактов коры осины (ЭКО), ели (ЭКЕ) и сосны (ЭКС) на скорость и механизм коррозии сталей 10Х18Н10Т и 10Х17Н13М2Т в 5%-й соляной кислоте. Эта кислота применяется с добавкой ингибитора для промывки и химической очистки варочного и теплообменного оборудования. Получены и анализируются новые данные по кинетике кислотной коррозии исследованных сталей, необходимые для определения механизма ингибирования водоэкстрактивными веществами древесной коры. Показано, что при одинаковом содержании 1 г/л ингибирующее действие водоэкстрактивных веществ (ВЭВ) древесной коры на кислотную коррозию сталей увеличивается в ряду ЭКС < ЭКЕ < ЭКО, при повышении концентрации ВЭВ до 3,8 г/л и температуры от 20 до 50 °С , при смешении экстрактов коры разных видов и еще сильнее при введении в экстракты синергистов гексаметилентетрамина или йодида калия.

The mechanism of corrosion inhibition of austenitic steels 10X18N10T and 10X17N13M2T in strong acids, as well as the possibility of increasing the anti-corrosive effect of bark extracts by changing the species composition of tree bark, mineral and organic additives have not been sufficiently studied. The aim of the work is a gravimetric and electrochemical study of the effect of temperature and inhibitory compositions based on aqueous extracts of aspen (EKO), spruce (EKE) and pine (EKS) burk on the rate and mechanism of 10X18N10T and 10X17N13M2T steels corrosion in 5% hydrochloric acid. This acid is used with the addition of an inhibitor for washing and chemical cleaning of cooking and heat exchange equipment. New data on the kinetics of acid corrosion of the studied steels are obtained and analyzed, which are necessary to determine the mechanism of inhibition by water-extractive substances of tree bark. It is shown that with the same content of 1 g / l the inhibitory effect of wood bark water-extractive substances on steels acid corrosion increases in a number of EKS <EKE< EKO, with an increase in the concentration of extractive substances to 3,8 g / l and a temperature from 20 to 50 °C, when mixing bark extracts of different types and even stronger when introducing synergists hexamethylenetetramine or potassium iodide into the extracts.
Top-down and bottom-up: Studying the SMEFT beyond leading order in $1/\Lambda^2$
Authors: Corbett Tyler
Published: August 2024

In order to assess the relevance of higher order terms in the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) expansion we consider four new physics models and their impact on the Drell Yan cross section. Of these four, one scalar model has no effect on Drell Yan, a model of fermions while appearing to generate a momentum expansion actually belongs to the vacuum expectation value expansion and so has a nominal effect on the process. The remaining two, a leptoquark and a Z'Z′ model exhibit a momentum expansion. After matching these models to dimension-ten we study the how the inclusion of dimension-eight and dimension-ten operators in hypothetical effective field theory fits to the full ultraviolet models impacts fits. We do this both in the top-down approach, and in a very limited approximation to the bottom up approach of the SMEFT to infer the impact of a fully general fit to the SMEFT. We find that for the more weakly coupled models a strictly dimension-six fit is sufficient. In contrast when stronger interactions or lighter masses are considered the inclusion of dimension-eight operators becomes necessary. However, their Wilson coefficients perform the role of nuisance parameters with best fit values which can differ statistically from the theory prediction. In the most strongly coupled theories considered (which are already ruled out by data) the inclusion of dimension-ten operators allows for the measurement of dimension-eight operator coefficients consistent with theory predictions and the dimension-ten operator coefficients then behave as nuisance parameters. We also study the impact of the inclusion of partial next order results, such as dimension-six squared contributions, and find that in some cases they improve the convergence of the series while in others they hinder it.
THE AGROECOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE UNION OF KANKELEN MARKET GROUPS AND THE NERICA UNION IN THE PREFECTURE OF FARANAH, REPUBLIC OF GUINEA
Authors:   Institut Superieur Agronomique et Veterinaire de Faranah, Departement Economie Rurale, Faranah, Guinee., CISSE Fode , CISSE Abdoulaye ,   Institut Superieur Agronomique et Veterinaire de Faranah, Departement Genie rural, Faranah, Guinee., Koultoumy BARRY Oumou ,   Institut Superieur Agronomique et Veterinaire de Faranah, Departement Economie Rurale, Faranah, Guinee., DIALLO Diawadou ,   Institut Superieur Agronomique et Veterinaire de Faranah, Departement Agriculture, Faranah, Guinee., CAMARA Yacouba ,   Institut Superieur de Technologie de Mamou, Departement Energetique, Mamou, Guinee.
Published: August 2024

To circumscribe the prefecture of Faranah through the agroecological evaluation of some professional agricultural organizations in the context of sustainable development with the fight against climate change and the preservation of biodiversity For this evaluation of the agroecological performance of the farms of the union of Kankelen market gardening groups (UGMK) and the NERICA union (U.NERICA) in the prefecture of Faranah, in the Republic of Guinea, we chose. It consists of evaluating their performance based on three components (ecological diversity, spatial organization and agricultural practice). This evaluation provides guidance on the agroecological behavior of farmers in market gardening and rice farming in the said locality. This work highlights the combination of fifteen (15) indicators structured in three dimensions cited above and that the judgment reference is based on the maximum agroecological performance score. It is proposed by the Farm Sustainability Indicator (IDEA) method. The results obtained by these unions including an operator workforce of three hundred three (303) for the UGMK and one hundred and ninety-two (192) for the NERICA union, proved appreciable with a score of 65.7% for UGMK and 62.30% for U. NERICA. This is due to the massive participation in training workshops led by their development partner (ISAV, PNAAFA, AgriFARM, National NGO : AGUISA, APIC guinea).
A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED STUDY COMPARING THE ANALGESIC EFFICACY OF SCALP BLOCK WITH 0.25% BUPIVACAINE VS PRE-INCISIONAL LOCAL INFILTRATION WITH 0.25% BUPIVACAINE WITH ADRENALINE (1:400,000) IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE CRANIOTOMIES
Authors: Priyadarshini B. , V. Pushpalatha , a Madhavi , Santosh Surya Prakash N.
Published: August 2024

Background and Aims: Pain is often referred to as the fifth vital sign. Pain management in patients undergoing craniotomies pose a great challenge to the anaesthesiologists. Scalp block forms an important aspect in the multimodal approach to the post-craniotomy pain. The following study compares the analgesic efficacy of Scalp block with traditionally used local wound infiltration technique in providing analgesia to craniotomy patients. Methods: Performed double blinded, prospective, randomized controlled trial on 60 patients undergoing elective craniotomies divided into 2 groups comparing the analgesic efficacy of Scalp block with 0.25% Bupivacaine vs Pre- incisional wound infiltration with 0.25% Bupivacaine with Adrenaline (1:400,000). Results:There were significant differences in intra-operative hemodynamics between the two groups. Scalp block resulted in statistically significant reduction in HR, SBP, DBP & MAP. There was increased duration of post-operative analgesia in scalp block group when compared with the local infiltration group. The opioid requirement in the intra-operative period was significantly lesser in scalp block group when compared with the local infiltration group. Requirement of rescue analgesic is significantly lesser during early post-operative period (Upto 8 hours) in the scalp block group when compared with local infiltration group. Conclusion :Scalp block with 0.25% Bupivacaine is effective and superior to Pre-incisional Local infiltration with 0.25% Bupivacaine with 1:400,000 Adrenaline in attenuating hemodynamic responses, providing increased duration of post-operative analgesia, significant reduction in intra-operative opioids and post-operative rescue analgesic requirements.
HYDATID CYST IN CAUDATE LOBE OF LIVER- A THERAPEUTIC CHALLENGE
Authors: Hegade Akash , M. Koushik , Raja Daniel , Narsinge Asmita , Adhikari Devbrata
Published: August 2024

Background: Treatment of Echinococcal disease depends on the type, size, and location of the cyst, presence of complications, and the experience of the team. Treatment options include percutaneous treatments, surgery, anti-parasitic drugs, and follow-up without intervention. Objectives: To report a case of hydatid cyst located in caudate lobe of liver. Materials and Methods: A 32-year-female, presented with c/o of Pain in abdomen since 1 week localized to right hypochondrium. USG (A+P) was suggestive of hydatid cyst in caudate lobe of liver. MRI was suggestive of hydatid cyst of liver with abutment of left portal vein and IVC. Patient was first started on medical treatment for 6 weeks and then planned for laparoscopic hydatid cyst excision. Cyst was approached laproscopically and fluid aspirated followed by injection of 10% betadine solution (scolicidal) and then reaspirated. Endocyst was removed. The resultant cavity was plugged with omentum. Results: Patient was discharged on POD-3 on T. Albendazole 400 mg BD for 3 months and T. Praziquantal 600 mg once a week for 3 months. After 6 months, patient is symptomatically well and has no complaints or signs of recurrence at present. Conclusion: Minimally invasive laproscopic sugery has more or less replaced the conventional open surgical approach for cystic hydatidosis. Our case is unique due to its location in the caudate lobe of liver alongwith abutment and mild compression of IVC and portal vein which poses a therapeutic challenge to the surgeon. The caudate lobe of the liver is an anatomically complex liver segment. Its unique and intimate location with the hepatic hilum and inferior vena cava (IVC) coupled with its dual supply from both portal pedicles and direct venous drainage into the IVC make vascular control a particular challenge. Technically challenging cyst excision can be performed laparoscopically with its benefits of improved perioperative outcomes.
INNOVATIVE RADIATION SHIELDING: PERFORMANCE OF LOCALLY MADE BaSO4 -COATED BUILDING BLOCKS FROM FCT, ABUJA AS LOW COST EFFECTIVE RADIATION BARRIERS
Authors:   Department of Hospital Services, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria., Ojonimi Benard John , Anil Indrajith Sirisena Ullusihewage ,   Medical Physics Unit, Department of Radiology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria., Umar Ibrahim ,   Department of Physics, Nassarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria.
Published: August 2024

This study explores the innovative use of locally made blocks from four area councils (Abuja Municipal, Gwagwalada, Kuje, and Kwali) within the Federal Capital Territory of Abuja, coated with Barium Sulfate paint, as an effective shielding material against radiation. Soil samples were collected from each area, and blocks measuring 10 cm x 10 cm with varying thicknesses of 1-4 cm were molded. These coated blocks were exposed to low-energy X-rays at 100 kV and 10 mAs, and radiation doses passing through them were measured using a Raysafe Thin-X dose meter, including the free air exposure without any block. One uncoated block from Abuja Municipal area was also exposed to compare the effectiveness of barium sulfate. The Linear Attenuation Coefficients and Half-Value Layers for the blocks from each council area were determined. The block sample derived from soil collected in the Abuja Municipal Area and coated with Barium Sulfate exhibited the highest linear attenuation coefficient of 1.114 cmâ»Â¹ and the lowest half-value layer of 6.22 mm. In contrast, an uncoated block from the same soil showed 0.702 cm-1 and 9.87 mm as the linear attenuation coefficient and the half-value layer respectively. Blocks from the Gwagwalada, Kuje, and Kwali Area Councils showed linear attenuation coefficients of 1.027, 0.900, and 0.968 cmâ»Â¹ and half-value layers of 6.75, 7.70, and 7.16 mm, respectively. These values were compared with the half-value layers of concrete and lead. From the findings, Barium Sulfate coated blocks were found to be the most effective and cost-efficient alternative for radiation shielding.
PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND ENSURING SOCIAL JUSTICE - A UNITED NATIONS PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Another Essential to a Universal and Durable Peace is Social Justice., Krishna Sridevi , H.S Shivakumara ,   Another Essential to a Universal and Durable Peace is Social Justice.
Published: August 2024

Social justice is a concept that evolved through industrial revolution and with the advent of socialist views on the organization of the society. The concept has its roots in Anglo Saxon political culture which dominated in 10th century. It does not find place in the Bill of Human Rights which comprised the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which was adopted by the General Assembly in 1948 to ensure fundamental human rights for all and the two Covenants adopted in 1966. Whereas Human Rights are inherent rights that one has because one is human. The Preamble of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. Human rights and social justice are not synonymous and are two different concepts but they are closely linked. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights includes economic, social and cultural rights such as the right to health, security in the event of unemployment, and education. In 1966, these rights were brought into the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), part of the International Bill of Human Rights. With this The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action affirm that Human rights education should include peace, democracy, development and social justice, as set forth in international and regional human rights instruments, in order to achieve common understanding and awareness with a view to strengthening universal commitment to human rights. Thus, social justice is based on the concept of human rights and equality and can be defined as the way in which the human rights are manifested in the lives of people at various levels of society. This paper analyses the concept of social justice & human rights from the UN perspective.
A RARE CASE OF JUVENILE MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, LLRM Medical College Meerut., Rathi Alpa
Published: August 2024

Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis is arare auto immune disorder affecting children and adolescents, characterized by ptosis, muscle weakness and fatigability, untreated patients may progress to paralysis of the respiratory muscles and the risk of aspiration, particularly at times when they have an upper respiratory tract infection. Early recognition of this disease helps avoid unnecessary testing, prevent undue parental anxiety and stop the progression of symptoms. An 18 months old girl admitted with progressive dropping of eyelids, swallowing difficulty, loss of head control and generalized fatigability. She had positive acetyl cholinesterase test. Investigation releavedelectro decrementalresponsonse in electromyography. Patient treated with oral pyridostigmine bromide and steroid resulted in improvement in muscle strength and functional ability with regularly followed in OPD.JMG requires prompt recognition and management to prevent complications. This case highlights the importance of considering JMG in children with persistent weakness and fatigue.
TACKLING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: COMPREHENSIVEREVIEW OF MECHANISMS, TRENDS, AND STRATEGIES
Authors: Sharma Deeksha , Pharmacology MD , Kangra Rpgmc , . Tanda
Published: August 2024

Background:Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global issue that leads to more deaths, illnesses, and higher healthcare expenses. This review aims to synthesize the current understanding of AMR, including its mechanisms, prevalence, impact, and strategies to combat it. Objectives: This review gives a complete summary of what we know about AMR, how it develops resistance, and its social and economic effects.. Additionally, it explores current and emerging approaches to combat AMR and antibiotic stewardship programme. Methods: A thorough search of many research papers was done using databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Articles were selected based on relevance, scientific rigor, and recent publication date. Key themes were identified and synthesized to provide an integrated perspective on AMR. Results: The review identifies several key mechanisms of resistance, including enzymatic degradation of antibiotics, alterations in drug targets, efflux pumps, and biofilm formation. The socio-economic impact of AMR is profound, affecting healthcare costs, economic productivity, and global health security. Current methods to fight AMR include better tracking, careful use of antibiotics, infection prevention, and creating new antibiotics and other treatments. Conclusions: The review underscores the multifaceted nature of AMR and the need for a coordinated global response.Public health rules and working together globally are vital to reducing the impact of AMR and ensuring antibiotics remain effective for future generations.
UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF V2G TECHNOLOGY ON GRID STABILITY DURING PEAK HOURS IN INDIA
Authors:   Associate Professor, ASMSOC, NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Mumbai, India., Chavan Anupamaa , Vira Sakshi ,   Scholar, ASMSOC, (NMIMS Deemed to be University), Mumbai, India., Marfatia Ishani ,   Scholar, ASMSOC, (NMIMS Deemed to be University), Mumbai, India.
Published: August 2024

India has set an ambitious goal of becoming Net Zero in carbon emissions by 2070. To achieve this goal there are significant steps being taken especially in the power and electric vehicle sector. A revolution that involves symbiosis of both the sectors, is the integration of V2G (Vehicle to Grid) technology in India. This paper gives an overview of power sector and electric vehicles market in India followed by need, benefits, and infrastructure required for bringing V2G in India. It also includes theinsights froman interview with the founder of SHERU, a start-up which provides cloud energy storage and is working closely with the related concepts. The methodology to calculate crude oil saving, C02 emission, journey cost, public charging and home charging is also discussed. The paper looks into the case studies of few developed countries that have been using V2G and emphasizes on how this technology can help to achieve sustainability goals.
EFFECTS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS ON CAREER PROSPECTS OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RWANDA, A CASE OF MUHANGA DISTRICT
Authors:   Masters of Education Student, Mount Kenya University, Rwanda., Paul Nkurunziza , Opiyo Hesbon (PhD) Andala ,   Senior Lecturer, Mount Kenya University, Rwanda.
Published: August 2024

With the changing dynamics of the global economy and the increasing importance of entrepreneurial skills, there is a growing need to understand the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education in shaping students career paths. This thesis investigated the impact of entrepreneurship skills on the career prospects of secondary school students. It had three specific objectives such as to examine the effectiveness of components of entrepreneurship education among secondary school students, to explore students career prospects, to determine the relationship between Entrepreneurship skills and Entrepreneurial Career prospects among secondary school students in Muhanga District. As the significant of the study, this supplied crucial information to the education officers and planners on how entrepreneurship education should be improved by revealing the weaknesses and strengths. The target population of this study was 280 population, from which a sample size of 165 participants were chosen as respondents of the study who were from public schools. The study used a questionnaire to gather quantitative information on the views of secondary school students regarding entrepreneurship, as well as their perceived levels of ability and career goals. This research was supported by Human Capital Theory and Dyers(1994) Model of Entrepreneurship Career. In the analysis process,Statistical Packages for Social Sciences(SPSS) 21.0 was used to examine the data. After data have been gathered, findings were summarized, general conclusions were drawn and recommendations formulated.
CASE REPORT ON A UNUSUAL FOREIGN BODY IN AN UNUSUAL LOCATION
Authors: Agrawal Mahima , Kadam Sameer , Reza Ali
Published: August 2024

Incidence of a foreign body in the pediatric age group is not an uncommon scenario. We encountered a rare case of a pediatric male patient that presented to the OPD with a cystic swelling along with a granulomatous mass in the left inguinal region. On further investigations, he was found to have aunusual foreign body, a 7cm wooden pencil in the deep subcutaneous and adductor compartment of muscles in the medial aspect of left upper thigh. The wound was explored and the foreign body was retrieved successfully. This case is remarkable due to the unusual presentation of this child in the OPD, the unusual nature and location of the foreign body and the steps taken in the successful management of the case.
A SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE UTERINE CERVIX RECURRING IN THE FORM OF AN ISOLATED BLADDER METASTASIS: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors:   Urology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Oujda, MAR., Sidna SidAhmed Ahmed ,   Urology, Mohammed I University, Oujda, MAR., El Moudane Anouar ,   Urology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Oujda, MAR.,   Urology, Mohammed I University, Oujda, MAR., Salem Hamdellah Debe ,   Urology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Oujda, MAR.,   Urology, Mohammed I University, Oujda, MAR., Atif Lifa ,   Urology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Oujda, MAR.,   Urology, Mohammed I University, Oujda, MAR., Mezroui Ilyas El ,   Urology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Oujda, MAR.,   Urology, Mohammed I University, Oujda, MAR., Barki Ali ,   Urology, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Oujda, MAR.,   Urology, Mohammed I University, Oujda, MAR.
Published: August 2024

Bladder cancer is the second most common urological cancer after prostate cancer, and bladder metastases are rare. We report the case of a 42-year-old female patient who underwent surgical treatment for cervical cancer 5 years ago and presented with a recurrence of her disease in the form of an isolated bladder tumor resembling primary bladder cancer. The diagnosis was confirmed by human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping performed on the biopsy sample of the bladder tumor. The patient was treated with chemotherapy similar to that used for cervical cancer, with a favorable clinical and biological response.
EFFECT OF PREOPERATIVE WARMING DURING CESAREAN SECTION UNDER SPINAL ANESTHESIA
Authors: Deshmukh Disha , Singh Gajendra , Kamareddy Pratima , Hussain Raaqib , Hosgouda Aishwarya
Published: August 2024

Background: Postoperative shivering, hypothermia and Surgical site infections (SSIs) are frequently encountered during Cesarean section (C section). Perioperative warming is a must for surgeries performed under spinal anesthesia, however its importance during C section is unclear. We assessed the functional outcomes of preoperative use of warmers and intravenous fluids (i.v) on parturients undergoing C section under spinal anesthesia. Methods: 45 parturients undergoing an elective C section were randomized into three groups. Group D parturients received warmed i.v fluids (40Â°C). Group I parturients were given forced air warmers. Group V was the control group. Forced air warmers and i.v fluids were both administered for a period of 15 minutes before anesthetic induction. Core (tympanic membrane) and skin (under arm and thigh) temperatures were noted and shivering was graded. Results: The Core temperature at 45 mins decreased less in Groups D and I than Group V (-0.5Â°C Â± 0.3Â°C vs -0.6Â°C Â± 0.4Â°C vs -0.9Â°C Â± 0.4Â°C, respectively P = 0.004). The under arm temperature at 15 mins and 30 mins exhibited a greater increase in Group I than Group D and Group V (P = 0.001 and P = 0.012, respectively). Thigh temperature increased similarly among the three groups. The incidence of shivering was significantly less in Group I and Group D than Group V (20%, 13.3%, and 53.3%, respectively P = 0.035). Conclusion: Preoperative use of air warmers and warm i.v fluids averts hypothermia and shivering and also reduces the rate of SSIs due to higher core and wound temperature.
ASSOCIATION OF CHEILOSCOPY, DACTYLOSCOPY, AND PALATAL RUGOSCOPY WITH PERMANENT MOLAR RELATIONSHIP IN CHILDREN
Authors:   MDS, Post Graduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Himachal Pradesh., Das Tejashri , Singh Dua Parminder ,   MDS, Professor and Head of the department, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Himachal Pradesh., Mangla Ritu ,   MDS, Senior Professor, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Himachal Pradesh., Vyas Divya ,   MDS, Reader, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Himachal Pradesh., Rajput Neha ,   MDS, Senior Lecturer, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Himachal Pradesh.
Published: August 2024

Background: To record and study the correlation of the predominance of recorded cheiloscopic, dactyloscopic and palatal rugoscopic patterns with molar relationship in 8-15 years of children in order to determine if there exists any association between them. Material and Methods: 505 children of age group 8-15 years of old with completely erupted 2nd permanent molars upto occlusal table were recruited and angles molar relation was recorded in the proforma. Lip prints of these subjects were recorded with lipstick-cellophane method and middle 10mm of lower lip was analysed for the lip print pattern as suggested by Sivapathasundharam et al. The patterns were classified based on Tsuchihashi and Suzuki classification. The patent prints of finger were recorded in the performa and analysed according to Michael Kucknas method. The palatal rugae was obtained by photographs and alginate impression of the upper arch for each patient and were defined using a sharp graphite pencil under adequate light and magnification and were recorded according to the classification given by Thomas and Kotze classification. Results: In cheiloscopic patterns: Type I pattern was found to be the most predominant cheiloscopic pattern in class I and class III molar relation whereas Type II pattern in class II molar relation. The composite patterns showed the most prominent dactyloscopic patterns in class I and class II molar relation and loop patterns were found as the most prominent in class III molar relation. In case of rugoscopic pattern in class 1 and class 3 molar relation group, the curve pattern showed the most prominent and wavy pattern in class 2 molar relation. No statistical significance was found in all the three parameters. Conclusions:co -relation of the lip, finger and palatal rugae patterns with molar relation might aid in the early diagnosis and interception of malocclusion among paediatric patients as it is easily accessible, economical and non-invasive marker for the aforementioned conditions.Further investigations, may be required on the relationship between cheiloscopic, dactyloscopy and rugoscopic patterns with malocclusion in order to substantiate the findings presented herein.
TÜRK MİLLETLERARASI ÖZEL HUKUKUNDA KİŞİLİK HAKLARININ İNTERNET VE ÖZELLİKLE SOSYAL MEDYA VASITASIYLA İHLALİNDE UYGULANACAK HUKUKUN TAYİNİ
Authors: Çoğalan Mehmet
Published: August 2024

İnternet insanlığın gelişimi açısından son yıllarda ortaya çıkan en önemli teknolojidir. Bu kadar önemli bir teknoloji dünyanın her yerinden insanları bir araya getirmekte ve bu iletişim sonucunda da kişilik hakları ihlal edilebilmektedir. İnternet sebebiyle, kişilik haklarının ihlali, farklı milletlerden insanlar arasında oldukça fazla olabilmektedir. Kişilik haklarının ihlali ile birlikte, zarara uğrayan tarafın dava açma hakkı bulunmaktadır. Bu davalar kişilerin taleplerine göre farklı nitelikte olabilmektedir. Bu kişi ihlal gerçekleşmeden önleme davası, ihlal gerçekleşmeye devam ediyorsa saldırıya sonlandırma davası ve fiilin hukuka ayrılığın tespiti davası açabilir. Tüm bu yollarla birlikte hakkı ihlal olan kişi kararın üçüncü kişilere bildirilmesi ve yayımlanmasını talep edebilir. Yabancı unsurlu ihlallerde ise, hangi hukukun uygulanacağına ilişkin olarak mevzuatımızda düzenlemeler bulunmaktadır. Hukuki meselelere başka bir ülke hukukunun uygulanmasına engel olan kamu düzeni ve doğrudan uygulanan kurallar da, uygulanması gereken hukukun hâkim tarafından tatbik edilmesine engel olabilecektir. Burada her ülkenin ifade hürriyeti konusunda yaklaşımlarının farklı olması sebebiyle, uygulanma durumları da ülkeden ülkeye farklılık gösterecektir.
Análisis sobre la producción y percepción del simbolismo sonoro corpóreo e imitativo en adolescentes bilingües del Montessori British School de Bogotá a partir de encuestas virtuales
Authors: Achipis Merchán Natalia Isabel
Published: August 2024

Este artículo hace una revisión de la percepción y la producción del simbolismo sonoro corpóreo e imitativo en una institución educativa de Bogotá. El primer tipo de simbolismo sonoro se entiende como el producto de emplear la capacidad de expresar un estado emocional o físico por medio de sonidos que, generalmente, se han definido bajo la categoría de interjecciones. El simbolismo sonoro imitativo es la clase resultante de la producción de términos onomatopéyicos cuyo significado posee diferentes grados de similitud con el sonido ambiental. Los datos se obtuvieron por medio de encuestas de producción escrita y pruebas de percepción aplicadas a 124 adolescentes entre hombres y mujeres de los grados noveno, décimo y undécimo. Los resultados fueron analizados a través de medidas de estadística descriptiva junto con pruebas T de Student y Fisher. Se encontró que la lengua más influyente en el uso de formas no duplicadas en el simbolismo sonoro corpóreo es el inglés, especialmente, en las pruebas de producción. En el español se encuentra un mayor uso de monosílabos para producir y percibir sentimientos y sensaciones. Los resultados en la categoría de simbolismo sonoro imitativo reportaron que la mayoría de los hombres recurren al uso de las formas no duplicadas y las mujeres tienden al uso más frecuente del monosílabo independientemente de la lengua en la que se haya realizado la encuesta. Esto demuestra que las variables sociales tienen gran importancia, ya que evidenciaron contrastes de relevancia en este estudio.
The effect of internal audit planning on risk factors: evidence from Yemen’s banks
Authors: Alhebri Adeeb , Hussien Alkebsee Radwan , Mohammed Al-Matari Ebrahim , A. Al-bukhrani Mohammed , Mohamed Omer Adam
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the extension of implicating risk factors in strategic planning for internal audit in Yemeni commercial banks, including inherent risk factors and control risks, whether caused by internal or external influences, and focuses on the strategic purpose of internal audit. A questionnaire instrument, specifically designed for this research purposes, was distributed to 58 respondents comprising internal auditors of commercial banks, as well as auditors of the External Control Department of the Central Bank of Yemen. The study determines whether Yemeni commercial banks include internal auditing in their operational structure. It also determines the risks that internal auditors prioritize while developing their internal audit strategies. This study uses Smart PLS methodologies to evaluate the hypotheses through data analysis. The results indicate that internal audit is considered one of the important operational activities in the structure of commercial banks of Yemen, and that the planning process for internal audit largely takes into account the inherent risk factors and control risk factors, whether the audit process is carried out by internal auditors or auditors of Central Bank of Yemen.
AcknowledgmentThe authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through a large-group Research Project under grant number (RGP.2/131/45)”.
The effect of experimentally induced acute fluoride poisoning on the thyroid gland and hormones in geriatric rats.
Authors: ARSLAN SEZAI , INAN SEVDA
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fluoride on the thyroid gland and hormones in rats with acute poisoning by different doses of fluoride. For this purpose, a total of 5 groups were formed, including a control (C) group of 8 rats and 4 test groups consisting of 10 rats each. Toxicity was induced with NaF at doses of 45, 60, 70, and 90 mg/kg/bw in the test groups F45, F60, F70, and F90, respectively. During the study, 2 rats died in F45, 3 in both F60 and F70, and 4 in F90. Surviving rats were euthanized 24 hours after poisoning, and blood samples were collected. Urine samples were also taken before and after poisoning. Urinary fluoride levels increased after intoxication and were found to be statistically significant. There were no significant differences in the levels of thyroid hormones TT3, TT4, and FT4 between the test groups and the control group. However, a significant decrease in FT3 levels was observed in the test groups compared to the control group. Although there were no significant changes in TSH hormone levels in the F45 and F90 groups compared to the control group, a significant decrease was observed in the F60 and F70 groups. Histopathological examination revealed follicular degeneration, a decrease in the volume of colloidal fluid, and atypical follicular epithelium in the thyroid glands of the test groups. In conclusion, abnormal changes in the thyroid gland and hormones were observed in rats with acute poisoning by different doses of fluoride.