bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Występowanie Fusarium spp. na kłosach jęczmienia jarego oraz szkodliwość Fusarium avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc. dla wybranych odmian tego zboża
Authors: Mielniczuk Elżbieta Barbara
Published: June 2024

Fuzarioza kłosów zbóż oraz zawartość mykotoksyn w ziarnie są jednymi z głównych problemów światowego rolnictwa. Prezentowane badania przeprowadzono w latach 2020–2022, ich celem było oszacowanie udziału Fusarium spp. w porażaniu kłosów jęczmienia jarego oraz ocena podatności 9 odmian tego zboża na porażenie przez F. avenaceum. Ocenę szkodliwości F. avenaceum dla wybranych odmian jęczmienia jarego wykonano na podstawie doświadczenia polowego z inokulacją kłosów zawiesiną zarodników konidialnych badanego gatunku grzyba. Badania nad częstotliwością występowania fuzariozy kłosów jęczmienia wykazały, że średni udział kłosów z ob-jawami porażenia przez Fusarium spp. wahał się od 0,5% do 2,0%. Gatunkiem dominującym na ziarnie analizowanych odmian był F. poae. Znaczny udział w powodowaniu fuzariozy kłosów miały także gatunki F. culmorum i F. avenaceum. Wykazano również, że inokulacja kłosów badanych odmian jęczmienia w fazie kwitnienia spowodowała średnią obniżkę liczby ziarniaków w kłosie na poziomie 17,7%. Natomiast średnia redukcja plonu ziarna i masy 1000 ziaren dla wszystkich badanych odmian w porównaniu z kontrolą wynosiła odpowiednio 35,7% i 23,3%. Największą podatno-ścią na porażenie kłosów przez F. avenaceum charakteryzowała się odmiana Oberek, natomiast najmniejszą odmiana Ramzes.
Biodiversity assessment of segetal flora, earthworms and terrestrial invertebrates in various agricultural production systems and crops
Authors: Harasim Elżbieta , Feledyn-Szewczyk Beata
Published: June 2024

The functioning of societies depends on a number of goods and services provided by the natural environment. Knowledge about the benefits that humans derive from it is an important issue in the era of current environmental and climate changes. Agricultural systems and management methods (e.g. tillage, weed and pest control, fertilization, field consolidation, crop  specialization and monoculture) are important for biodiversity, the presence of which is of great importance for people and the environment. The aim of this study was to assess bioenvironmental indicators such as weed flora, earthworms and terrestrial invertebrates biomass, in selected crops in an organic, integrated and conventional farming systems in southern Poland.
The results showed the highest biodiversity weeds, earthworms, and terrestrial invertebrates in crops grown in the organic system in comparison to the conventional or sustainable ones, where chemical herbicides were applied. Species diversity of weeds was, on average, twice as high in the organic system (21 species) compared to the integrated and conventional systems (10–11 species). In the organic system, the highest number of weeds (average 71 pcs m–2) accompanied spring wheat and the lowest number of weeds was observed in legume-grass mixture in the first year of use (average 28 pcs m–2). The highest biomass of earthworms in the soil was estimated under winter wheat and legume-grass mixtures. This indicator was half as much in the soil under plants grown in integrated and conventional systems. Terrestrial invertebrates were also most abundant in crops grown in the organic system, indicating that this agricultural production system is conducive to maintaining high biodiversity in agroecosystems. For winter wheat cultivated in the conventional and integrated systems, the invertebrate richness index was 2.5–3 times lower than in the organic system.
Effect of six weeks of CrossFit training on blood lipid profile and atherogenic index of plasma in young healthy men: A pilot study
Authors: Domaszewski Przemysław , Konieczny Mariusz , Skorupska Elżbieta , Ozner Dariusz , Sadowska-Krępa Ewa
Published: June 2024

Study aim: The aim of our study was to determine whether six weeks of CrossFit training, a popular form of high-intensity training, improves the atherogenic index of plasma and blood lipid profile indicators in young healthy men.

Material and methods: Twenty-nine young, normolipidemic men (age 23.3 ± 2.4 years, height 181 ± 6.2 cm, BMI 24.4 ± 1.7) participated in a six-week CrossFit program. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), autoantibodies against oxidized LDL (oLAB), and triglycerides (TG) were determined before and after completion of 6 weeks of CrossFit training, before, 3 minutes, and 60 minutes after the VO2max cycling test to exhaustion. Based on lipids, the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and the ratios TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C were calculated.

Results: A statistically significant main effect was found for the measures TG and HDL-C for the predictor variable TIME (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively). No significant main effect was found for the predictor variable TRIAL or the TRIAL × TIME interaction.

Conclusions: The statistically significant changes observed after cycling to exhaustion confirm that intense physical exercise affects lipid metabolism. Six weeks of CrossFit training had no effect on the statistically significant changes in plasma lipid profile and AIP in young healthy men.
Experience of using nitric oxide in a patient with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock and pulmonary edema (clinical case)
Authors: Shen N. P. , Vitik A A , Artemchuk A. V. , Momich M. M. , Gryaznova E. A.
Published: June 2024

A clinical case demonstrates the possibility of using inhaled nitric oxide therapy in myocardial infarction. This method was connected to ongoing intensive therapy due to the lack of positive dynamics, persistent symptoms of cardiogenic shock, pulmonary edema and arterial hypoxemia. The result was a positive effect.
The effect of preoperative fasting on the water sectors of the body in the perioperative period in children
Authors: Aleksandrovich Yu. S. , Pshenisnov K. V. , Shorakhmedov Sh. Sh. , Tihova G. P.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Avoiding solid foods and liquids before surgery is a common practice in elective surgery in pediatric, however, there is a risk of dehydration.

The objective was to assess the distribution of fluid across the water sectors of the body in children according to the duration of refusal of food and liquids before elective surgery.

Materials and methods. A single-center prospective cohort study. 104 children were examined, the average age was 12.5 ± 3.7 years. Depending on the age, patients were divided into three groups: group I: 3–7 years old, group II: 7–12 years old and group III: 12–18 years old. In each group, taking into account the duration of preoperative refusal of food and fluid, there were two subgroups: subgroup I – less than 12 hours; subgroup II – more than 12 hours. The average fasting time was 13.3 ± 2.7 hours. The condition of the water sectors of the body was assessed 30 minutes before surgery, 30 minutes and 24 hours after surgery.

Results. Before the operation, the distribution of fluid across the water sectors in groups I and II, depending on the duration of fasting, did not differ; in group III, when fasting for more than 12 hours, all indicators were significantly lower. 30 minutes and 24 hours after the intervention, an increase in the volume of total water and extracellular fluid was observed, however, significant changes were only in group III (p < 0.05). In group III, when fasting for more than 12 hours before surgery, lower systolic BP values were observed (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. The duration of preoperative refusal of solid food and liquids in the range of 12–15 hours does not adversely affect the indicators of water metabolism and is not associated with arterial hypotension during the induction of anesthesia.
The influence of nitric oxide delivery on the processes of apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis in the renal parenchyma after simulating cardiopulmonary bypass: an experimental study
Authors: Tyo M. A. , Kamenshchikov N. O. , Podoksenov Yu. K. , Mukhomedzyanov A. V. , Maslov L. N. , Kravchenko I. V. , Churilina E. A. , Kozlov B. N.
Published: June 2024

The objective was to study the effect of the delivery of exogenous nitric oxide on the severity of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis of the renal parenchyma after simulating cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiopulmonary bypass with circulatory arrest.

Materials and Methods. 24 Altai breed rams were randomized into 4 equal groups. In the CPB and CPB+NO groups, we simulated cardiopulmonary bypass without circulatory arrest. In the CPB+CA and CPB+CA+NO groups, we simulated cardiopulmonary bypass with circulatory arrest. In the CPB+NO, CPB+CA+NO groups, NO was given perioperative in concentration of 80 ppm. In the CPB, CPB+CA groups, we supplied a standard oxygen-air mixture without NO.

Results. In the CPB+CA+NO group, the TNF-α concentration was statistically significantly lower: 899 [739; 1019] ng/g compared to the CPB+CA group 1716 [1284; 2201] ng/g, p = 0.026. The remaining markers of programmed cell death did not differ between groups.

Conclusions. Perioperative nitric oxide delivery reduces the expression of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis of renal parenchyma cells in simulating operations with artificial circulation and circulatory arrest. Perioperative nitric oxide delivery at a dose of 80 ppm does not increase the processes of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in renal parenchyma.
The prospective multicenter observational study of acute mesenteric ischemia (AMeSI): the results of the Arkhangelsk center
Authors: Semenkova T. N. , Nikonov A. M. , Smetkin A. A. , Kuzkov V. V. , Kirov M. Y.
Published: June 2024

The objective was to assess the disease rate, prevalence of risk factors, diagnostic and management methods as well as outcomes in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI).

Materials and methods. During 10 months in 2022-2023, the study included all patients with probable or confirmed diagnosis of AMI, in whom we recorded the presence of known risk factors, clinical and laboratory manifestations of AMI, methods of its diagnosis, management and outcomes within one year.

Results. Totally, 705 patients from 32 centers were included in the work, among whom 418 patients were diagnosed with AMI. In Arkhangelsk, 39 patients (mean age – 73 years) were included into the study. According to results of the center in Arkhangelsk, the diagnosis of AMI was confirmed in 69% of patients, while the incidence among all hospitalized was 0.13%. None of the known risk factors (smoking, atrial fibrillation, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, previous myocardial infarction and thromboembolic complications) demonstrated a significant statistical association with the development of AMI. Among clinical manifestations, patients with confirmed AMI more likely developed signs of shock compared to patients with unconfirmed AMI (p = 0.028). Laboratory parameters did not differ significantly in both groups; however, in AMI non-survivors, we observed higher blood lactate concentrations. In most cases with confirmed AMI, the diagnosis was established during surgery. In 72% of cases, the situation was assessed as incurable; in 24% of patients, intestinal resection was performed. Mortality in patients with confirmed AMI was 78%.

Conclusion. The lack of clear predictors of the disease, specific clinical signs of AMI and available laboratory tests often leads to delay in diagnosis and appropriate management, which causes significant mortality. Further analysis of the data is necessary to improve diagnosis and the results of treatment of the patients with AMI.
Computed tomography for difficult airways diagnostics
Authors: Usikyan E. G. , Zaytsev A. Yu. , Dubrovin K. V. , Svetlov V. A. , Zhukova S. G. , Fisenko E. P.
Published: June 2024

The objective was to determine the effectiveness of computed tomography for difficult laryngoscopy diagnosis.

Materials and methods. We examined 60 patients who underwent preoperative computed tomography of the head and neck and assessed the risk of difficult airways using the LEMON scale. The following CT signs were studied: the thickness of the tongue and soft tissues at the level of the vocal folds, the vertical distance from the highest point of the hyoid bone to the body of the mandible, the thickness of the epiglottis, the length of the epiglottis, the location of the vocal folds at the level of the cervical vertebrae, the atlanto-occipital gap, the gap between the first and the second cervical vertebrae, the distance between the vocal folds. After induction of anesthesia, patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the results of laryngoscopy according to the Cormack–Lehane classification. The diagnostic ability of the clinical features of the LEMON scale and CT findings was calculated using ROC-AUC analysis in patients in the difficult and normal airway groups.

Results. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the LEMON scale has an average diagnostic ability (AUC 0.697 p ≤ 0.023 CI–0.534–0.860); the sensitivity of the method was 26.7%, specificity – 95.6%, compared with CT diagnostics. The most effective CT-predictor is the thickness of the tongue (sensitivity – 80%, specificity – 77.8%), to a lesser extent – the vertical distance from the highest point of the hyoid bone to the mandible and the thickness of the epiglottis (sensitivity 73%, 60% and specificity 66.7% , 62.4%, respectively).

Conclusion. The use of computed tomography is effective in identifying predictors of difficult laryngoscopy. Radiation methods for diagnosing difficult laryngoscopy are more sensitive compared to the LEMON scale. The diagnostic criteria for difficult laryngoscopy are thickness of the tongue – 75.75 mm, vertical distance from the highest point of the hyoid bone to the mandible – 20.85 mm, and thickness of the epiglottis – 2.65 mm.
The effectiveness of phosphocreatine cardioprotection during vascular surgery in high cardiac risk patients
Authors: Kozlov I. A. , Sokolov D. A.. , Lyuboshevsky P. A.
Published: June 2024

The objective was to study the occurrence of perioperative cardiovascular complications (CVС) and clinical and laboratory cardioprotection signs in patients treated with phosphocreatine infusion in intraoperative period of vascular surgery.

Materials and methods. The study involved 204 patients with high cardiac risk (revised cardiac risk index > 2, risk of perioperative myocardial infarction or cardiac arrest > 1%) who underwent elective vascular surgery. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group I patients received intraoperative infusion of phosphocreatine at a dose of 75.9 [69.8–85.7] mg/kg during 120.0 [107.1–132.0] min. Group II was a control group. The occurrence of CVC, the blood level of the cardiospecific troponin I (cTnI) and N-terminal segment of natriuretic B-type prohormone (NT-proBNP) were analyzed. The data were statistically processed, using the Fisher’s exact test, Mann–Whitney test and logistic regression.

Results. Perioperative CVС were recorded in 5 (4.9%) patients in group I and in 18 (17.6%) patients in group II (p = 0.007). Intraoperative administration of phosphocreatine was associated with a reduced risk of CVС: OR 0.2405, 95% CI 0.0856–0.6758, p = 0.007. The cTnI level in patients of groups I and II was 0.021 [0.016–0.030] and 0.019 [0.011–0.028] ng/ml (p = 0.102) before surgery, 0.025 [0.020–0.036] and 0.022 [0.015–0.039] ng/ml (p = 0.357) after surgery, 0.025 [0.020–0.031] and 0.028 [0.018–0.033] ng/ml (p = 0.531) before discharge from the hospital. At the same stages, the level of NT-proBNP was 233.5 [195.0–297.5] and 237.8 [171.3–310.1] pg/ml (p = 0.404), 295.5 [257.3–388.0] and 289.0 [217.5–409.5] pg/ml (p = 0.226), 265.5 [204.8–348.5] and 259.6 [171.0–421.6] pg/ml (p = 0.369).

Conclusion. In patients with high cardiac risk undergoing vascular surgery, intraoperative phosphocreatine infusion at a total dose of 75.9 [69.8–85.7] mg/kg reduces the risk of perioperative CVC per 24%. Administration of phosphocreatine to patients with high cardiac risk during vascular surgery does not affect perioperative cTnI and NT-proBNP blood levels.
Ultrasound examination in assessing the functional state of the diaphragm in patients with respiratory failure requiring respiratory support
Authors: Evgrafov P. G. , Hamidova L. T. , Petrikov S. S. , Kulabukhov V. V.
Published: June 2024

Diaphragm dysfunction (DD) is diagnosed in 60% patients 24 hours after intubation. Diaphragm ultrasound (DU) facilitates non-invasive assessment of excursion and thickness of the diaphragm throughout the breathing cycle. Sonographically measured excursion and thickening fraction (TF) of the diaphragm show moderate correlation with reference methods for diaphragm dysfunction detection. Both increase and decrease in diaphragm thickness in mechanically ventilated patients are associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation. TF exceeding 25% increases probability of successful weaning. Maintaining TF within 15–40 % might shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation.
Assessment of the levels of formation and leading components of the patient safety system of the anesthesiology and resuscitation service (message 2)
Authors: Gorban V. I.
Published: June 2024

The objective was to assess the levels of formation and leading components of the patient safety system of the anesthesiology and resuscitation (A&R) service (department) of multidisciplinary hospitals.

Materials and methods. Expert assessment of the patient safety system of the anesthesiology and resuscitation service (department) of 235 multidisciplinary hospitals, including the assessment of its level, leading components, and their structure in the overall sample. Expert assessment method. Statistical analysis of data distribution, Student’s t-test for independent samples of different sizes, correlation analysis.

Results. It has been established that in the main part (38.3%) of multidisciplinary hospitals, the A&R service is at an average (sufficient) level of ensuring patient safety. 17% are at a high (organized) and highest (system-organized) level in terms of ensuring patient safety. A fairly large part (44.7%) is at a low (insufficient) and minimal (critical, extremely low) level of ensuring patient safety. At the same time, the level of ensuring patient safety in the A&R service of multidisciplinary hospitals is important and has a close but inverse relationship with the level of digitalization. Comparison of the severity of the five leading (main) components (criteria) for ensuring patient safety in the A&R service of multidisciplinary hospitals made it possible to assess the levels of their completeness and their structure and showed that in the general sample, the most pronounced criteria for ensuring patient safety were «Teamwork, staff expertise» and «Availability of medicines».

Conclusion. The current state of the patient safety system of the A&R service of multidisciplinary hospitals is characterized by 5 levels and 5 leading (main) components, the expert assessment of which made it possible to distribute the A&R services of hospitals according to the indicated levels, identify the structure of their leading components an determine target areas for improving the patient safety system.
Experience of awake craniotomy in a child (clinical case)
Authors: Pulkina O. N. , Nizolin D. V. , Sholahov Zh. Zh. , Zhaigalov A. A. , Kim A. V. , Kasenova G. N. , Shmeleva O. O.
Published: June 2024

The objective was to demonstrate the possibility of performing awake craniotomy in a child.

Materials and methods. The 9-year-old child with a dysembrioplastic neuroepithelial tumor in the left temporal lobe was planned and performed awake craniotomy. During awakening, the child performed a naming test, object designation tests, word repetition and spontaneous speech, and Luria’s test.

Results. During psychological tests and intraoperative neuromonitoring, it was possible to successfully identify the speech zone and motor areas of the face, which helped to safely remove brain formation without complications. This clinical case was also interesting because the child’s native language was Kazakh, so an interpreter was presented during the intraoperative awakening.

Conclusions. The case demonstrates the possibility of performing awake craniotomy in a child, which depends not only on the somatic and psychological state, but also on the professionalism of the operating team, including surgeons, anesthesiologists, neurophysiologist, neuropsychologist and a large number of nursing staff who are able to clearly interact with each other.
In memory of Late Professor Salah Ahmed Ibrahim
Authors: Salih Karimeldin
Published: June 2024

Wednesday, the 28th of February 2024, was a sad day for pediatricians, pediatric patients and their families, friends, and acquaintances of the distinguished scientist Professor Salah Ahmed Ibrahim. On that sad day Sudan lost one of its great scientists in the areas of pediatrics and education. With his tragic departure, Prof. Salah left great sadness on everybody who knew him even for a short while in his rich life: as students in his innovative classes, or colleagues during his journey in universities, as patients seeking his great knowledge and experience, as a competent leader in education institutes, as a trusty friend who could provide valuable advice, as a commended mentor, or as a great human being.
Decoding Factors Influencing Knowledge Sharing Among Indonesian Scholars
Authors: Fadilla Sarah , Nurqamarani Adisthy Shabrina , Juliana Ari
Published: June 2024

This study examines the determinant factors of knowledge-sharing intention and behaviour among academics in Indonesia. Academics need to compete and excel in global competition amidst obstacles such as qualification, competency, and working culture. The study integrated the Theory of Planned Behavior, Social Capital Theory, and perceived cost. A questionnaire was distributed online to academics, and 239 respondents were obtained. Data analysis was undertaken by using SEM-PLS. The result found that all the variables examined were determined to be significant, except commitment, extrinsic reward, and facilitating condition. The importance of social networks, trust, self-efficacy, management support, social media use, and perceived cost among academics. The result can help management better understand how to create a knowledge-sharing environment in the institution, significantly higher education institutions with open and distance learning systems.
Monitoramento e avaliação da política de educação infantil:
Authors: Flores Maria Luiza Rodrigues , Sousa Sandra Zákia Lian de
Published: June 2024

O artigo apresenta o resultado de pesquisa qualitativa, cujo objetivo foi sistematizar dimensões e critérios para apoiar o monitoramento e a avaliação da qualidade da oferta de educação infantil no âmbito de um sistema municipal de ensino. A metodologia do estudo contemplou análise da legislação, normas e documentos exarados pelo governo federal e revisão de literatura nacional e estrangeira que aborda elementos teórico-metodológicos capazes de embasar a noção de qualidade a ser assumida em tal avaliação. Com base na pesquisa bibliográfica, é proposta uma Matriz de Referência com dimensões e critérios referentes à organização e à gestão da oferta de atendimento à etapa.
Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil. Avaliação Educacional. Monitoramento de Políticas Públicas. Qualidade da Educação Infantil.
Análise da resolução de problemas nos itens de Ciências da Natureza do Enem e suas implicações para a Educação em Ciências
Authors: Ferry Alexandre da Silva
Published: June 2024

Este artigo analisa como a habilidade de resolução de problemas tem sido abordada no Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio na área das Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias. Destaca suas principais características e os tipos de itens encontrados nas provas dos anos de 2018 a 2023. Tem-se como referencial teórico a convergência das considerações de George Pólya e de David Jonassen sobre a aprendizagem baseada em problemas. A identificação e análise das questões fez emergir três categorias de itens discutidas e exemplificas. Conclui-se que a resolução de problemas em Ciências é uma habilidade fundamental. Sua abordagem e avaliação devem ser cuidadosamente planejadas para contribuir com uma avaliação mais autêntica, formativa e alinhada aos objetivos educacionais.
Palavras-chave: Resolução de Problemas. Itens de resposta orientada. Ensino de Ciências. Enem.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Biological Activity of Pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridines
Authors: Voloshchuk Volodymyr V. , Ivonin Sergey P.
Published: June 2024

Pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridines (6-azaindoles) are the most promising nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds in the field of drug development. Exhibiting extraordinary versatility as pharmacophores, they are widely used in the development of kinase inhibitors, antiproliferative agents, and as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer and Alzheimer’s disease. A large number of works focusing on new methods and approaches in the synthesis of 6-azaindoes, as well as on the study of their biological activity, have been published worldwide. In our review, we tried to classify all currently known strategies for the construction of the 6-azaindole core, which were published within the last 15 years, the chemical diversity of the derivatives obtained, and their therapeutic potential in the context of medicinal chemistry. We hope that this work will generalize and facilitate the understanding of the strategy for the synthesis of pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridines, as well as help scientists in their further research in the direction of 6-azaindoles.
Gula Tebu Saka: Industri Tebu Rakyat di Nagari Bukik Batabuah, Kecamatan Canduang, Kabupaten Agam (1975-2021)
Authors: Novitri Sherly , Midawati Midawati
Published: June 2024

This study discusses about the saka sugarcane, like history, sugarcane plantations, and the impact of history of sugar cane industry to people in Nagari Bukik Batabuah District. The research for this thesis employs historical research methods with a socio-economic perspective. The research encompasses four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Sugarcane plantations have been an enduring tradition passed down through generations. The processing of sugarcane into sugar saka has become a daily routine for the people of Nagari Bukik Batabuah. Since 1975, traditional methods involving buffalo power for sugarcane grinding were still in use. However, in 2010, technological advancements led to increased production, impacting farmers' incomes and subsequently bringing about socio-economic changes within Nagari Bukik Batabuah.
Dinamika Perkembangan Industri Tenun H. Ridwan By di Nagari Kubang, Kecamatan Guguak, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota (1961-2019)
Authors: Fitriani Desi , Midawati Midawati , Rahmi Yulia
Published: June 2024

This article examines the development of the H. Ridwan By weaving industry in Nagari Kubang from 1961 to 2019, spanning three leadership periods: Ridwan, Risna, and Yulia Rahmi. Employing a historical research method, involving heuristic data collection (archival documents, interviews), source criticism, interpretation, and historiography, the study reveals the evolution of the industry from its inception as a family-owned business in 1961. The research highlights significant advancements across leadership transitions, encompassing new motifs, product diversification, workforce expansion, and marketing strategies. These developments have positively impacted the sustainability of the H. Ridwan By weaving enterprise, ensuring its continued existence until 2019.
Rakit yang Terombang-Ambing: Ambivalensi Sikap Politik dan Orientasi Ekonomi Orang Cina di Palembang pada Masa Revolusi
Authors: Jumhari Jumhari
Published: June 2024

The revolutionary period was a time of upheaval and uncertainty for economic actors, including the Chinese community that played a dominant role in Indonesia's economy. During this time, the Chinese engaged in business and trade were caught between two competing powers vying for political and economic influence: the Republic of Indonesia's government and the Dutch government attempting to reassert its imperialist control. Their position was fraught with dilemmas, as they had to navigate conflicting political stances and economic interests. Palembang, as a strategically significant region outside Java with transnational economic connections, particularly with Singapore as a trading hub in Southeast Asia, became a key battleground for political and economic struggles impacting the Chinese community. This article aims to depict the various social, political, and economic realities faced by the Chinese in Palembang during this transitional period of power shifts, using a socio-historical approach.
Dari Yogyakarta ke Pelosok Nagari: Aisyiyah dan Modernisasi Perempuan di Nagari Kubang (1930-1945)
Authors: Khairanis Khairanis
Published: June 2024

This article aims to provide an overview of the establishment of Aisyiyah in Yogyakarta and its development and role in Kenagarian Kubang, Minangkabau, during the period of 1930-1945. The women's movement in Indonesia has undergone a long historical evolution, and during the national movement era, women had established formal organizations dedicated to improving their conditions at that time. These formal organizations were not only city-based but also village-based, as exemplified by the Aisyiyah Organization in Kubang. As an autonomous organization under Muhammadiyah, Aisyiyah was granted the authority to manage charitable activities in the social, religious, educational, and vocational fields. This article analyzes how Aisyiyah contributed to enhancing the welfare and education of women in Kubang, as well as its role in the social and religious movements in the region.
Pembentukan dan Perkembangan Parmusi Cabang Padang Pariaman (1968-1971)
Authors: Irmun Irmun
Published: June 2024

This study examines the formation and development of the Indonesian Muslim Party (Parmusi) Branch in Padang Pariaman during the period 1968-1971. Parmusi was established in 1968 with the goal of reviving the legacy of Masyumi, which was disbanded by Soekarno. The establishment of the Parmusi branch in Padang Pariaman was formalized through Decree Number 214/1/1968. Although initially expected to become a new political force, Parmusi faced various challenges, including intervention from the New Order government and Laksusda. Under the leadership of Raisuddin Muchtar and Alhadar Alam, Parmusi endeavored to consolidate support and participate in the 1971 elections, despite encountering electoral fraud and political pressure. Parmusi’s campaign and political activities were often closely monitored by intelligence and government officials. The results of the 1971 elections showed that Parmusi secured 7 seats in the Padang Pariaman Regional House of Representatives, although it remained under the dominance of Golkar. This study provides insights into local political dynamics and the struggles of an Islamic political party amid state surveillance and intervention.
Atletas Trans no Brasil - Atores, discursos e disputas políticas no debate público
Authors: Lemos Agnes
Published: June 2024

En este artículo, a partir del mapeo de la controversia en torno del debate del proyecto de ley que busca restringir la práctica deportiva de atletas trans en el estado de Sao Paulo, describo y analizo algunos de los principales argumentos relacionados con la participación de personas trans* en los deportes. El mapeo, hecho a partir de tres audiencias públicas organizadas para discutir el tema, nos ofrece una visión amplia de las estrategias argumentativas y las disputas políticas en los discursos de los actores involucrados en el debate. Busco detallar las maneras en que los actores invocan ciertas categorías en sus discursos, cómo respaldan sus argumentos y esto qué nos puede decir sobre sus intereses e intenciones políticas. Los sentidos de “cuerpo” y “sexo” son hechos y deshechos. Términos como “sexo biológico” y “identidad de género” se utilizan estratégicamente para disputar sus significados. Las posibilidades son abiertas y son también limitadas. ¿Hasta dónde pueden llegar las personas trans?
Estimación de cuidados no remunerados en zonas rurales y estado de México
Authors: Sosa Márquez María Viridiana , Román Reyes Rosa Patricia , Baca Tavira Norma
Published: June 2024

El artículo busca estimar la participación y el tiempo dedicados por las personas de 12 años y más de nuestro país al trabajo no remunerado de los hogares, para el Estado de México, y localidades rurales. Ello con el fin de aproximarnos al conocimiento de la organización familiar de personas en territorios rurales que permitan detectar necesidades y recursos disponibles para satisfacerlas, poniendo además en relieve las desigualdades de género en el desempeño de las actividades cotidianas.
Utilizamos la Encuesta Intercensal 2015 y la Encuesta Nacional sobre Uso del Tiempo 2019, fuentes de datos que cuentan con esta información de participación y tiempo dedicados a actividades para el mercado y para el hogar, remunerados y no remunerados, enfocando la atención en territorios rurales y en la entidad mexiquense.
Los resultados permiten reflexionar sobre la desigual distribución del trabajo no remunerado de los hogares, haciendo especial énfasis en el trabajo de cuidado, por edad y género.
Basado en evidencia: la conformación de ideologías masculinas en YouTube a través de una retórica “objetiva” antifeminista
Authors: Gutiérrez Vargas José Ricardo
Published: June 2024

Los actuales debates de género en redes socio-digitales han detonado la emergencia de posturas antifeministas que, a diferencia de expresiones misóginas, sexistas y/o machistas, se caracterizan por una mayor sofisticación argumental y cognitiva. Bajo dicho contexto, este artículo, por medio de una perspectiva teórico-metodológica que incluye dos modelos cualitativos de análisis, explora las maneras en que cuatro youtubers varones articulan una retórica “objetiva” antifeminista para convencer a sus seguidores, en nombre de la evidencia, sobre la supuesta falacia que representa el feminismo. Esta retórica no es producto de una fidelidad a la realidad social como defienden los youtubers en sus contenidos, sino de un ensamble entre elementos discursivos y tecnológicos que les posibilita adjudicarse una especie de autoridad empírica, mediante la cual rechazan los saberes y experiencias de sujetos feministas debido a su falta de “objetividad”. A partir de ello, se concluye que la autoridad empírica que se arrogan los youtubers les posibilita articular ideologías masculinas a través del valor de la prueba, apelando a la racionalidad y la objetividad que implica “ser hombre”, en contraste con la representación que crean en sus canales de las mujeres feministas como irracionales, carentes de “objetividad” y portadoras de un discurso falso.
Prácticas performativas y materialización del cuerpo lésbico y gay de jóvenes de Popayán
Authors: Pabón Chaves Ana Sofía , Hurtado Herrera Deibar René
Published: June 2024

Resumen (analítico): Este texto se desprende de una aproximación interpretativa que tuvo como objetivo comprender cuáles son las prácticas performativas de género que materializan el cuerpo lésbico y gay de jóvenes de la ciudad de Popayán-Colombia. Haciendo uso de la propuesta de Judith Butler sobre el género performativo como proceso de sedimentación de una estilística corporal en la que principalmente el género es algo que se hace. Se optó como metodología la etnografía reflexiva y las entrevistas en profundidad para reconstruir las trayectorias de vida de (8) jóvenes que se identificaban en las orientaciones lesbiana y gay. Se evidenció en las narrativas corporales que las prácticas performativas del género se vinculan a la transición del cuerpo privado al cuerpo público, en donde aspectos como el fenotipo, los contornos anatómicos y la diferencia sexual (femenino-no femenino y masculino-no masculino), son elementos que agencian el eje normativo-subversivo; de esta manera, la materialización de cuerpos lesbianos o gais se asume en la heterogeneidad de experiencias corporales por las cuales ellas y ellos re-elaboraron los límites de su identidad de género, fisurando la ficción ontológica de que existe -una niña/mujer o un niño/hombre- de verdad, como resultado de una historia personal atravesada por la sobrevivencia cultural.
La consolidación de la industria estética en el Concurso Nacional de Belleza en Colombia: el imperativo femenino de medidas perfectas
Authors: Perdomo Colina Hugo Ernesto
Published: June 2024

El propósito de este artículo es desvelar el periodo en que la industria estética colombiana se consolida a expensas del Concurso Nacional de Belleza -CNB- celebrado históricamente en la ciudad de Cartagena; asimismo, evidenciar los mandatos que dicha industria impone a las mujeres frente a los cánones de belleza y feminidad que deben cumplir basados esencialmente en cuerpos de medidas perfectas. Lo anterior, teniendo en cuenta el predominio de un modelo de belleza nacional que conmina a las mujeres a validarse cada vez más a través de estereotipos físicos que incluso atentan contra sí mismas, y excluye a quienes difieren de este. La metodología de trabajo consistió en revisar las ediciones de la revista Cromos durante la celebración del reinado hasta localizar el periodo objeto de nuestro interés, el cual va de 1969 a 1976. El análisis se propuso desde la perspectiva del Análisis Crítico del Discurso -ACD-. La variable de búsqueda y encuentro se determinó por conceptos como belleza y feminidad asociados a la consolidación y reglamentación de la industria estética. Los resultados muestran que el estereotipo de belleza está ligado a los imperativos determinados por esta industria que obedece a los intereses de un sistema de dominación social como es el heteropatriarcado.
Formas de represión a las protestas feministas en México entre 2019 y- 2022: “Me cuidan mis amigas, no la policía”
Authors: Cerva Cerna Daniela
Published: June 2024

En este artículo se analiza la actuación de las autoridades y los órganos de seguridad pública hacia las protestas feministas en México desde 2019 a 2022, utilizando enfoques teóricos sobre represión y criminalización estatal contra las manifestaciones sociales. La metodología incluye trabajo etnográfico, entrevistas a colectivas y  revisión de informes presentados por organismos de derechos humanos. Se concluye que las autoridades perciben las demandas de las mujeres organizadas como una amenaza política, promoviendo estrategias que combinan discursos que desacreditan al movimiento, acciones de persecución jurídica y represión policial centraliza-descentralizada, dependiente de los niveles de control de las policías en las entidades del país. La respuesta coercitiva se justifica institucionalmente para mantener el orden social, sin embargo, también se intenta sancionar la presencia de mujeres como sujetos políticos que impugnan la violencia institucional contra las mujeres en México.
مجاز المجاز في باب الحاء من لسان العرب لابن منظور(ت711هـ) دراسة دلالية
Authors: رشيد سعد علي
Published: June 2024

هذا البحث يعالج موضوع(مجاز المجاز) في دراسة تحليلية للألفاظ التي تُجوِّزَ فيها لأكثر من مرّة في باب الحاء من لسان العرب لابن منظور(ت711هـ).
            وقد أوضح البحث أنّ معجم لسان العرب قد تضمّن كثيرًا من الألفاظ التي يمكن وصفها بأنها من مجاز المجاز، إذ كثيراً ما يقف صاحب المعجم على الألفاظ ويبين أصلها، وما حدث فيها من مجاز وانتقال دلالي، وذلك في ضوء الإشارات الدالة على التجوّز.
            وهذا يدلّ على أنّ القدماء من علماء اللغة- وإنْ لم يصرّحوا بالمصطلح- قد تنبهوا إلى هذه المسألة الدلالية، وهي مجاز المجاز بتتبعهم لدلالة الألفاظ وما تؤول إليه في الاستعمال، وهذا ما حاولت الدراسة التأكيد عليه برصد أمثلة لمجاز المجاز موزعةً على ما آلت إليه من موضوعات دلالية.
(شَـرْحُ الكَـافِيـةِ للعَلّامةِ جَلَالِ الدِّينِ مُحَمَّدٍ بن يُوسف الحلوائي السَّرائِي التَّبريزيّ (ت 838هـ) (المفعول المطلق انموذجًا) دراسة وتحقيق
Authors: محمد إسماعيل البياتي منذر خضر , بهلول الجبوري نافع علوان , عليوي الجبوري موفّق حسين
Published: June 2024

فكما نعلم أَنَّ ابن الحاجب (ت 646 هـ) – رحمه الله -  أَلَّف كتابًا مختصرًا في النحو في منتصف القرن السابع الهجري، أُحتيجَ معه إلى الشرح والتيسيرِ، فانكبَّ عليه ذوو الدرايةِ يشرحونه وييسرونه للمتعلمين، إلَّا إنَّ شرحَ الحلوائي كان يتميزُ بكثرة التعليل والافتراض النحوي، ومن جملة ما نفعنا به كتابه الماتع شرح الكافية في النَّحو، رصينةٌ عبارتُهُ، مختصرةٌ أَلفاظُهُ، نفيسةٌ تحقيقاتُهُ، تناوَلَهُ العلماءُ ودَرَسوهُ ودَرَّسوهُ، وكان ممّن فتحَ مغلقاته، ومهَّدَ عباراتَهُ لكلِّ طالبِ علمٍ للعلومِ مستقٍ، الإمام العلَّامة جلال الدِّين محمَّد بن يوسف الحلوائي التَّبريزي فريدةٍ من نوعِها، حلَّ فيها الأَلفاظَ، وذَلَّلَ فيها العباراتِ، وفتَحَ المُغلقاتِ، وحقَّقَ فيها المسائلَ، فَصَحَّحَ ورَجَّحَ وأَعربَ وأَوضحَ، فكانت كالبستانِ جامعةً لكثيرٍ من الأَلوانِ، فَفاقَ غَيرَهُ في تبسيطِ جوهرِهِ، وانفردَ بِعُمقِ النظرةِ، ووضوحِ الفِكرةِ، فأَوضحَ المعاني، وكشفَ عن خَفِيِّ العباراتِ والتَّراكيبِ التي يَعسُرُ على الدَّارسِ فهمُها، ويلتَوي عليه وعيُها وإدراكُها، وشرحَ ما فيه من أَمثلةٍ وشواهدَ، وأَجملَ معانيها، وذكر إعرابَ الغامضِ منها، فكان شرحُهُ موضوعَ دراستنا وأَولَيناه كلَّ اهتمامنا حتى تخرُجَ مُيسَّرةً نافعةً لذوي الشأنِ.
اعتراضات أبي علي الفارسيّ النحويّة على الزجاج في إعراب سورة النساء -دراسة في كتاب : (الإغفال)-
Authors: جاسم الجبوري سلام عبد
Published: June 2024

إن توجيهات الشيخ أبي إسحاق الزجاج النحوية لألفاظ القرآن الكريم في شهيرة : (معاني القران وإعرابه) مستفيضة يغلب عليها طابع الدقة والنباهة ، بيد أنّ كثيرًا من هذه التوجيهات لم تلق استحسانًا لدى تلميذه أبي علي الفارسي ، فهي – من وجهة نظره – محتاجة إلى إصلاح، فألّف في ذلك كتابه الموسوم بـ : (المسائل المُصْلَحة من كتاب معاني القران وإعرابه لأبي إسحاق الزجاج) ، والذي اشتهر فيما بعد  بين الدراسين باسم : (الإغفال) ،وثمة سؤالان يفرضان نفسيهما في هذا المقام ، مفاد الأول منهما : (هل كل ما يراه الفارسي أنّه محتاج إلى إصلاح كان محتاجًا إلى ذلك الإصلاح فعلاً) ؟ ، وأما السؤال الثاني فيمكن صياغته بالآتي : (هل كل ما أصلحه من كلام الزجاج كان موفقًا فيه) ؟ ، ولأجل الإجابة عن هذين السؤالين المهمين – من وجهة نظرنا – والوقوفِ على حقيقة اعتراضات الفارسي على شيخه الزجاج كان بحثنا موسومًا  بـ : (اعتراضات أبي علي الفارسي النحوية على الزجاج في إعراب سورة النساء – دراسة في كتاب الإغفال) ، والله تعالى نسألُ التوفيق والسداد .
أثر التوسع المساحي على أسعار الأراضي في مدينة الخالص
Authors: منصور وفاء حسين , احمد رياض عبد الله
Published: June 2024

ان من أبرز الاثار المتربة على توسع المدن هو تغير أسعار الأرض داخل المدن اذ يؤدي توسع المدينة الى تقليل التباين في أسعار الأرض إذ جاءت هذا البحث تحت عنوان أثر التوسع المساحي على أسعار الأراضي في مدينة الخالص اذ جاءت مشكلة الدراسة بصيغة تساؤلات في الصياغة التالية: ما هو إثر التوسع المساحي على بنية مدينة الخالص؟ وما هي محاور توسع المدينة وماهي التوجهات المستقبلية لمعالجة اثار التوسع ومنها مشاكل ارتفاع أسعار الأراضي والعقارات في منطقة الدراسة؟ وقد توصل البحث الى جملة استنتاجات كان أبرزها توقع زيادة مساحة المدينة على وفق معدل النمو السكاني المرتفع والبالغ (6%) فيشير هذ الى أن مساحة المدينة سوف تتوسع من (2469) هكتار في سنة الاساس عام (2022) الى (38578,12) هكتارا في سنة الهدف عام (2028).
الأبعاد الجيوسياسية للنزاع الإيراني ـــ الإماراتي حول الجزر في الخليج العربي
Authors: عزيز صدام بدر
Published: June 2024

جاءت هذه الدراسة المتمثلة في الأبعاد الجيوسياسية النزاع الايراني الإماراتي حول الجزر الثلاثة في الخليج العربي بأربعة فصول يمثل الفصل الأول الخصائص الجغرافية العامة لمنطقة الدراسة (( الطبيعية والبشرية))، أما الفصل الثاني يثمل بتقييم الوضع الجيولتيكي للجزر الامارتية قبل الانسحاب البريطاني من الخليج وبعد الانسحاب البريطاني من الخليج، اما الفصل الثالث فيتمثل بالأهمية الجيوسياسية للجزر الامارتية الثلاث من الناحية الاسراتيجية والاقتصادية والجيوبولتيكية, والفصل الرابع يتمثل في مكانة الجزر العربية الثلاث في سياسات القوى الدولية والإقليمية والتي تمثلت بأيران وبريطانيا وامريكا.
تحليل خصائص الموازنة المائية المناخية في قضاء خانقين
Authors: اسماعيل السامرائي منذر كامل
Published: June 2024

جاءت الدراسة حول (تحليل خصائص الموازنة المائية المناخية في قضاء خانقين). إذ يهدف هذا البحث الى تحليل عناصر الموازنة المائية المناخية، وبيان هل هي في حالة عجز أم فائض في قضاء خانقين لبناء قاعدة بيانات معلوماتية تخدم جوانب متعددة من الحياة. بعد التحليل للعناصر المناخية المستخدمة في الموازنة المائية، لاستخراج قيم التبحر ومقارنة كمية التساقط المطري بها لبيان حالة الموازنة (فائض، ام عجز). بلغ العجز المائي السنوي 2700.6ملم وهذا المقدار يزيد عن الكمية بين المطر والتبخر/النتح والذي هو 2575.16ملم. وهي كمية الماه التي تم تجهيزها من الموارد المائية للتربة والنبات كالمياه السطحية والجوفية لسد احتياجات التربة الزراعية. كما ظهرت الحاجة ماسة للري وبدون ذلك يعني حدوث الجفاف، او عدم نجاح الزراعة الديمية.
التحليل المكاني لمتوسط حجم الأسرة في ريف محافــــــظة صلاح الــــديـــن لعام 2030م وتوقعاتها المستقبلية
Authors: جاسم الجبوري اسراء ابراهيم , شلال فندي الحديثي عادل طه
Published: June 2024

يكشف هذا البحث واقع حجم الاسرة في ريف محافظة صلاح الدين بعامة وبتباين متوسط حجمها في وحداتها الادارية بخاصة طبقا لمستويات تباينها واتجاهات لعام 2021، والتي تحكمها جملة من المتغيرات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والديموغرافية، وبيان توقعاتها المستقبلية لعام 2030، وفي جمع المعلومات وتحليل البيانات المتحصلة من المؤسسات المعنية في المحافظة وخارجها، بغية تفسير ماهية التباين في حجوم الاسر ومعطيات توزيعها المكاني. وقد توصل البحث الى ابراز النتائج من أهمها تباين متوسط حجم الاسرة في ريف المحافظة ووحداتها الادارية والبالغ بنحو (6,6) شخص/أسرة ، والتي سجل اعلاها في ريف قضاء الدجيل بـ (9,4) شخص /اسرة، بينما كان ادناها متوسطا في ريف مركز قضاء طوزخورماتو وبنحو (3,9) شخص/ أسرة فضلا عن انخفاض متوسطها المستقبلي لعام 2030 والذي بلغ (6,2) شخص/ أسرة  في ريفها على نحو عام ، وبفارق عددي قدرة (0,4) فرد عن عام 2021 أذ سيكون متوسطة اعلى في ريف قضاء الدجيل بنحو (8,1) شخص/اسرة فيما سيسجل انخفاضا في معدلة لكل من ريف قضاء طوزخورماتو وناحيتي دجلة والصينية وبمتوسط قدرة (4,1) شخص/ اسرة من اجماليه في ريف المحافظة لعام 2030.
الهُويّة السرديّة لأدب الأطفال دراسة في المفهوم والتشكيل
Authors: عبيد محمد صابر , ياسين ياسين فرج
Published: June 2024

تندرج دراسةُ أدب الطفل العربيّ ومقاربتُه وفحصه وتقويمُه ونقدُه في إطار الدراسات النقديّة والثقافيّة الستراتيجيّة البالغة الأهميّة لإدراك مفهوم الهُويّة وتأثيره على مستقبل الطفل، وبما أنّ نشأة الهُويّة عند الإنسان عموماً تبدأ في مرحلة الطفولة بوصفها اللبنة الأولى الأساس في بناء التربية بكامل فضائها النظريّ والإجرائيّ ، فإنّها لا بدّ أن تكون محطّ اهتمام الدراسات الفلسفيّة والفكريّة والثقافيّة والأدبيّة التي تروم البحث في أدب الأطفال، وتفكيك مكوّناته، وتحليلِ منهجيّتِهِ، والتعريف بعناصر تشكيله الفنيّة والجماليّة، وتحديد رؤاه الستراتيجيّة المستقبليّة، انطلاقاً من عتبة علاقة الهُويّة بهذا الأدب في سياق التشكيل التربويّ والثقافيّ الذي يذهب بأدب الطفل نحو أهداف ومقاصد محدّدة وواضحة وشاملة، تسهم في تربية الطفل وتنمية مواهبه وقدراته على الفهم والإدراك والتفكير والإبداع على نحو أصيل ومتكامل، بما يجعل من نداء الهُويّة الفضاءَ الضروريّ لمعاينةِ العلاقات الإنسانيّة وتحليل محتويات خطابه وتجلّياته المنتشرة على مفاصل النصوص الأدبيّة.
اشتغال خطاب السينوغرافيا في العرض المسرحي المعاصر
Authors: احمد باسم محمد
Published: June 2024

لاشك من أن لكل فن من الفنون مادة يبنى منها المنجز الجمالي , لذا وجد الباحث أن لفن المسرح وخصوصا العرض الذي يتأسس منجزه الفني على الخطاب  يقدم لغة تتجسد في السينوغرافيا  لذا عمد الباحث إلى دراسة هذا الاشتغال في سينوغرافيا الخطاب المسرحي،  وقسَّم الدراسة إلى أربعة فصول , في الفصل الأول مشكلة البحث والتي تحددت في التساؤل الآتي:( ما اشتغال خطاب السينوغرافيا في العرض المسرحي المعاصر) لذا يعد ذاك أهمية معرفية كونه يقدم دراسة موضوعية للباحثين في العلوم المسرحية على مستوى التصميم والإخراج  , فضلا عن هدف البحث (الكشف عن اشتغال خطاب السينوغرافيا في العرض المسرحي المعاصر  )  وانتهى الفصل الأول بتحديد المصطلحات , وفي الفصل الثاني الإطار النظري إذ تضمن مبحثين في المبحث الأول تناول الباحث (مفاهيم السينوغرافيا) من منطلق عام , والمبحث الثاني (تجربة المخرج السينوغراف ) وكيف اقترن هذا الاشتغال التقني الفيزيائي بالفن المسرحي , واختتم الفصل بأهم المؤشرات التي أسفر عنها الإطار النظري , ومن ثم الفصل الثالث , الذي تضمن الإجراءات ويتألف من مجتمع البحث والذي تضمن عينة البحث القصدية  وأداة البحث , وتحليل العينة , وأخيرا الفصل الرابع : إذ ضم النتائج والاستنتاجات والتوصيات والمقترحات , ومن ثم المصادر والمراجع والملخص باللغة العربية والانكليزية.