bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reduced cannibalism during male pregnancy
Authors: Cunha M. , Berglund A. , Alves T. , Monteiro N.M.
Published: November 2015

Cannibalism provides energetic benefits but is also potentially costly, especially when directed towards kin. Since fitness costs increase with time and energy invested in offspring, cannibalism should be infrequent when parental investment is high. Thus, filial cannibalism in male syngnathids, a group known for the occurrence of male pregnancy, should be rare. Using the pipefish (Syngnathus abaster) we aimed to investigate whether cannibalism does occur in both sexes and how it is affected by reproductive and nutritional states. Although rare, we witnessed cannibalism both in the wild and in the laboratory. Unlike non-pregnant males and females, pregnant and post-partum males largely refrained from cannibalising juveniles. Reproducing males decreased their feeding activity, thus rendering cannibalism, towards kin or non-kin, less likely to occur. However, if not continuously fed, all pipefish adopted a cannibal strategy, revealing that sex and life history stages influenced the ratio between the benefits and costs of cannibalism.
Fish predation effects on body length of planktonic cladocerans and copepods in Chilean lakes
Authors: De los Ríos-Escalante Patricio
Published: November 2015

The zooplankton assemblages in Chilean lakes are characterized by their markedly low species numbers and dominance of calanoid copepods. Nevertheless, the effects of zooplanktivorous fish predation on zooplankton size in these communities have not yet been studied in detail. The aim of the present study was to analyse the total length in the main groups of zooplanktonic crustaceans in Chilean lakes: Copepoda: Calanoida, and Cladocera: Daphniidae, as well as “small cladocerans” (specifically the families Bosminidae and Chydoridae). The results revealed that in the presence of fish, total body length decreased significantly for calanoid copepods, whereas for other groups that presence has no significant effect. In sites with fishes, daphniids are significantly larger in comparison with the other groups of the zooplankton community, whereas in sites without fishes calanoids are significant larger in comparison with those other groups. These results would indicate that calanoids would be the main prey for zooplanktivorous fishes in Chilean lakes. Similar results have been reported for Argentinean Patagonian lakes.
Effects of oil palm plantations on anuran diversity in the eastern Amazon
Authors: Correa Fabricio S. , Juen Leandro , Rodrigues Lenise C. , Silva-Filho Heriberto F. , Santos-Costa Maria C.
Published: November 2015

The extent of land use for oil palm plantations has grown considerably in the tropics due to climate, appropriate soil conditions for cultivation and its profitability. However, oil palm plantations may endanger biodiversity through reduction and fragmentation of forest areas. Herein we analyzed the effects on anuran species richness, composition and total abundance in oil palm plantations and surrounding forests in eastern Amazon. We installed seven plots in oil palm plantations and seven plots in surrounding forests, which we surveyed for the presence of anurans through active visual and acoustic surveys during periods of high and low rainfall levels. Anuran assemblages found in forests and oil palm plantations differed in species richness and composition, with a loss of 54% of species in oil palm plantations. No difference was observed in total abundance of anurans between both environments. While conversion of forests to oil palm plantations may result in less negative impacts on anuran diversity than other types of monocultures, such loss is nevertheless high, making the maintenance of relatively greater forested areas around oil palm plantations necessary in order to conserve anuran diversity.
Ecumenical Dialogue as Intercultural Encounter
Authors: Smit Peter-Ben
Published: November 2015

This paper provides an overview of a recent ecumenical dialogue, the one between the Mar Thoma Syrian Church and the Old Catholic Churches of the Union of Utrecht (2011-2014) and analyses the dialogue through the lens of intercultural theology, arguing that the fields of ecumenical dialogue and intercultural theology can be brought into conversation with each other fruitfully, even if this is not currently being done in appertaining scholarship.
The Prosperity Gospel in the African Diaspora
Authors: Vähäkangas Mika
Published: November 2015

The prosperity gospel in the Redeemed Christian Church of God, Hosanna Chapel, Helsinki, Finland, builds primarily on African indigenous worldviews rather than serving as a theological justification for capitalism. It is a contextual African interpretation of the gospel in a situation of tension between the expectations of extended families back home, those of the new society in which the immigrants find themselves, and the church. The African experience and heritage come to the fore especially in the strong emphasis placed on interpersonal relations, particularly with family members and God, as an essential part of prosperity. Naïve faith in the bliss of equal opportunities within capitalism is moderated by differentiation between realistic economic expectations and the special blessings that are endowed upon believers. When condemning the prosperity gospel wholesale, there is the risk of misinterpreting non-Western theologies and of morally castigating the weakest for their attempts to survive global capitalism instead of combating its oppressive structures.
Anglophone Historicisms
Authors: Bevir Mark , Choi Naomi
Published: November 2015

This paper explores the place of historicism in Anglophone and especially analytic philosophy. Analytic philosophy arose as part of a general modernist revolt against the developmental historicisms of the nineteenth century with their faith in progress. Modernism inspired more formal approaches to knowledge, philosophy, and the human sciences. It is, however, a mistake to assume the rise of modernism and analytic philosophy left no space for historicism. Three main traditions of historicism continued to persist in Anglophone philosophy through the twentieth century. First, the lingering presence of idealism continued to inspire the historicism of philosophers such as R. G. Collingwood and later Charles Taylor. Second, modernist historians, such as Quentin Skinner, sometimes grabbed at arguments from analytic philosophy to defend their methodological agendas. Third, the rise of holistic themes in analytic philosophy opened the way to historicist moments and themes in philosophers such as Ludwig Wittgenstein, Donald Davidson, and Richard Rorty.
Odontochilus nandae (Orchidaceae; Cranichideae; Goodyerinae), a new species from Nepal
Authors: Raskoti Bhakta Bahadur , KURZWEIL HUBERT
Published: November 2015

Odontochilus Blume (1859: 79) comprises about 40 species distributed from the Himalayas and China through Southeast Asia eastwards to the southwestern Pacific islands (Chen et al. 2009, Pearce & Cribb 2002, Pridgeon et al. 2003). Most species are restricted to tropical and warm-temperate regions. The genus is closely related with Anoectochilus Blume (1825: 411) and most of species were in the past included in that genus because both genera have flowers with pectinate or dentate (rarely smooth) lip flanges. However, Odontochilus is separated from Anoectochilus based on the saccate non-exerted spur that is largely enclosed by the bases of the lateral sepals, whereas Anoectochilus has an exerted conical or cylindrical spur (Pridgeon et al. 2003).
A revision of the genus Protomicroplitis Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae), with the description of a new species
Authors: FERNANDEZ-TRIANA J.L.
Published: November 2015

The New World genus Protomicroplitis is revised. One new species is described from Central America, a dichotomous key and extensive illustrations for the three known species are provided. The genus has a restricted distribution, from Canada (45° N) to Costa Rica (10° N). Two species of Condica (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are the only known hosts. The following new taxonomic and nomenclatural acts are made. New species: Protomicroplitis centroamericanus Fernandez-Triana. New combinations: Diolcogaster alce (Nixon, 1965), Diolcogaster breviterebrus Rao & Chalikwar, 1970, Diolcogaster coenonymphae (Watanabe, 1937), Diolcogaster erro (Nixon, 1965), Diolcogaster glaphyra (de Saeger, 1944), Diolcogaster integra (Wilkinson, 1929), Diolcogaster medon (Nixon, 1965), Diolcogaster melleus (Nixon, 1965), Diolcogaster nephele (Nixon, 1965), Diolcogaster orientalis (Rao & Chalikwar, 1970), Diolcogaster pyrene (Nixon, 1965), Diolcogaster rugulosus (Rao & Chalikwar, 1970), Diolcogaster urios (Nixon, 1965). Revised combinations: Choeras tegularis (Szépligeti, 1905), Diolcogaster seriphus (Nixon, 1965).
The first fossil record of the Emesinae genus Emesopsis Uhler (Hemiptera: Heteroptera, Reduviidae) from Eocene Baltic amber
Authors: POPOV YURI A. , CHŁOND DOMINIK
Published: November 2015

Two new fossil representatives of the assassin bug family Reduviidae are described as new from Baltic amber (Upper Eocene), belonging to the genus Emesopsis of the tribe Ploiariolini (Emesinae): Emesopsis putshkovi sp. nov. and E. similis sp. nov. These representatives of the Emesinae are the oldest fossil bugs of the genus Emesopsis known so far, and reported for the first time. This genus is also briefly diagnosed.
A new strikingly-colored species of the genus Galathea Fabricius, 1793 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Galatheidae) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan
Authors: OSAWA MASAYUKI
Published: November 2015

A new shallow-water squat lobster, Galathea ryuguu, is described on the basis of material obtained from a colony of unidentified sea fan of the genus Muricella Verrill, 1868. The new species is most closely allied to G. squamea Baba, 1979, but is distinguished by the ornamentation and armature of the carapace, third maxilliped, and ambulatory legs.
A Moist Static Energy Budget Analysis of Quasi-2-Day Waves Using Satellite and Reanalysis Data
Authors: Sumi Yukari , Masunaga Hirohiko
Published: November 2015

A moist static energy (MSE) budget analysis is applied to quasi-2-day waves to examine the effects of thermodynamic processes on the wave propagation mechanism. The 2-day waves are defined as westward inertia–gravity (WIG) modes identified with filtered geostationary infrared measurements, and the thermodynamic parameters and MSE budget variables computed from reanalysis data are composited with respect to the WIG peaks. The composite horizontal and vertical MSE structures are overall as theoretically expected from WIG wave dynamics. A prominent horizontal MSE advection is found to exist, although the wave dynamics is mainly regulated by vertical advection. The vertical advection decreases MSE around the times of the convective peak, plausibly resulting from the first baroclinic mode associated with deep convection. Normalized gross moist stability (NGMS) is used to examine the thermodynamic processes involving the large-scale dynamics and convective heating. NGMS gradually decreases to zero before deep convection and reaches a maximum after the convection peak, where low (high) NGMS leads (lags) deep convection. The decrease in NGMS toward zero before the occurrence of active convection suggests an increasingly efficient conversion from convective heating to large-scale dynamics as the wave comes in, while the increase afterward signifies that this linkage swiftly dies out after the peak.
Modeling Whitecap Fraction with a Wave Model
Authors: Scanlon Brian , Breivik Øyvind , Bidlot Jean-Raymond , Janssen Peter A. E. M. , Callaghan Adrian H. , Ward Brian
Published: November 2015

High-resolution measurements of actively breaking whitecap fraction (WFA) and total whitecap fraction (WFT) from the Knorr11 field experiment in the Atlantic Ocean are compared with estimates of whitecap fraction modeled from the dissipation source term of the ECMWF wave model. The results reveal a strong linear relationship between model results and observed measurements. This indicates that the wave model dissipation is an accurate estimate of total whitecap fraction. The study also reveals that the dissipation source term is more closely related to WFA than WFT, which includes the additional contribution from maturing (stage B) whitecaps.
Characteristics of Resting Metabolic Rate in Critically Ill, Mechanically Ventilated Adults With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Frankenfield David C. , Ashcraft Christine M. , Drasher Tammy L. , Reid Elizabeth K. , Vender Robert L.
Published: November 2015

Background: Critically ill patients with cystic fibrosis may be especially sensitive to the negative consequences of overfeeding and underfeeding, yet there is almost no information available about the energy needs of these patients. The purpose of this study was to characterize the metabolic rate of critically ill adult patients with cystic fibrosis requiring mechanical ventilation. Methods: This was an observational study in which the resting metabolic rate, oxygen consumption, and carbon dioxide production of adult patients with cystic fibrosis requiring critical care, sedation, and mechanical ventilation were measured with indirect calorimetry. This group was compared with a cohort of adult critical care patients without cystic fibrosis. Results: Twelve patients with cystic fibrosis were identified and measured. These were compared with a control group of 25 critically ill patients. Both groups were underweight (body mass index, 17.4 ± 4.0 kg/m2 in cystic fibrosis and 18.4 ± 2.3 kg/m2 in control). Adjusting for differences in age, sex, height, and weight, there was no difference in resting metabolic rate between the cystic fibrosis and control groups (1702 ± 193 vs 1642 ± 194 kcal/d, P = .388). Measured resting metabolic rate matched predicted values 58% of the time in cystic fibrosis and 60% of the time in control. Conclusions: The resting metabolic rate of sedated adult patients with cystic fibrosis being assisted with mechanical ventilation is not different from that of adult critical care patients without cystic fibrosis. In both these underweight groups, accurate prediction of resting metabolic rate is difficult to obtain.
Routine deprescribing of chronic medications to combat polypharmacy
Authors: Garfinkel Doron , Ilhan Birkan , Bahat Gulistan
Published: November 2015

The positive benefit–risk ratio of most drugs is decreasing in correlation to very old age, the extent of comorbidity, dementia, frailty and limited life expectancy (VOCODFLEX). First, we review the extent of inappropriate medication use and polypharmacy (IMUP) globally and highlight its negative medical, nursing, social and economic consequences. Second, we expose the main clinical/practical and perceptual obstacles that combine to create the negative vicious circle that eventually makes us feel frustrated and hopeless in treating VOCODFLEX in general, and in our ‘war against IMUP’ in particular. Third, we summarize the main international approaches/methods suggested and tried in different countries in an attempt to improve the ominous clinical and economic outcomes of IMUP; these include a variety of clinical, pharmacological, computer-assisted and educational programs. Lastly, we suggest a new comprehensive perception for providing good medical practice to VOCODFLEX in the 21st century. This includes new principles for research, education and clinical practice guidelines completely different from the ‘single disease model’ research and clinical rules we were raised upon and somehow ‘fanatically’ adopted in the 20th century. This new perception, based on palliative, geriatric and ethical principle, may provide fresh tools for treating VOCODFLEX in general and reducing IMUP in particular.
General iterative methods for monotone mappings and pseudocontractive mappings related to optimization problems
Authors: Jung Jong Soo
Published: November 2015

In this paper, we introduce two general iterative methods for a certain optimization problem of which the constrained set is the common set of the solution set of the variational inequality problem for a continuous monotone mapping and the fixed point set of a continuous pseudocontractive mapping in a Hilbert space. Under some control conditions, we establish the strong convergence of the proposed methods to a common element of the solution set and the fixed point set, which is the unique solution of a certain optimization problem. As a direct consequence, we obtain the unique minimum-norm common point of the solution set and the fixed point set.
Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Benkhadra Khalid , Mohammed Khaled , Al Nofal Alaa , Carranza Leon Barbara G. , Alahdab Fares , Faubion Stephanie , Montori Victor M. , Abu Dabrh Abd Moain , Zúñiga Hernández Jorge Alberto , Prokop Larry J. , Murad Mohammad Hassan
Published: November 2015

Objectives:

The objective was to assess the effect of menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT) on all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods:

We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus) from inception until August 2013. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of more than 6 months of duration comparing MHT with no treatment. Pairs of independent reviewers selected trials, assessed risk of bias and extracted data. We estimated risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the random-effects model.

Results:

We included 43 RCTs at moderate risk of bias. Meta-analysis showed no effect on mortality (RR 0.99 [95% CI, 0.94–1.05]), regardless of MHT type or history of preexisting heart disease. No association was found between MHT and cardiac death (RR 1.04 [95% CI 0.87–1.23]) or stroke (RR 1.49 [95% CI 0.95–2.31]). Estrogen plus progesterone use was associated with a likely increase in breast cancer mortality (RR 1.96 [95% CI 0.98–3.94]), whereas estrogen use was not. MHT use was not associated with mortality of other types of cancer. In 5 trials, MHT was likely started at a younger age: 2 RCTs with mean age less than 60 and 3 RCTs with MHT started less than 10 years after menopause. Meta-analysis of these 5 RCTs showed a reduction of mortality with MHT (RR 0.70 [95% CI 0.52–0.95]).

Conclusion:

The current evidence suggests that MHT does not affect the risk of death from all causes, cardiac death and death from stroke or cancer. These data may be used to support clinical and policy deliberations about the role of MHT in the care of symptomatic postmenopausal women.
Dutchified English on Broadway
Authors: Brown Joshua R.
Published: November 2015

With the opening of the Pennsylvania Turnpike in the 1940s, those out-of-staters curious about the Pennsylvania Dutch received ready access to Lancaster County and America's oldest Amish community for the first time. Since then, tourism has skyrocketed, drawing five million visitors annually, and has become an industry with profiteers in both secular and religious sectarian groups. The draw for most tourists is to experience the Other, so those promoting Pennsylvania Dutch tourism have sought to depict the Amish and other Pennsylvania Dutch groups as markedly different in social, interactional, and linguistic realms. Contributing to these perceptions, several Pennsylvania Dutch-themed popular performances on Broadway in the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s were written in a peculiar dialect of American English; some of these performances continue to be popular today, especially in Pennsylvania's Dutch Country. This article examines the linguistic means of portraying the Pennsylvania Dutch at the cusp of their introduction to mainstream American society, a pivotal point in their most recent history in the United States.
The selective inhibition of protein phosphatase-1 results in mitotic catastrophe and impaired tumor growth
Authors: Winkler Claudia , De Munter Sofie , Van Dessel Nele , Lesage Bart , Heroes Ewald , Boens Shannah , Beullens Monique , Van Eynde Aleyde , Bollen Mathieu
Published: November 2015

The serine/threonine protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) complex is a key regulator of the cell cycle. However, the redundancy of PP1 isoforms and the lack of specific inhibitors have hampered studies on the global role of PP1 in cell cycle progression in vertebrates. Here, we show that the overexpression of nuclear inhibitor of PP1 (NIPP1; also known as PPP1R8) in HeLa cells culminated in a prometaphase arrest, associated with severe spindle-formation and chromosome-congression defects. In addition, the spindle assembly checkpoint was activated and checkpoint silencing was hampered. Eventually, most cells either died by apoptosis or formed binucleated cells. The NIPP1-induced mitotic arrest could be explained by the inhibition of PP1 that was titrated away from other mitotic PP1 interactors. Consistent with this notion, the mitotic-arrest phenotype could be rescued by the overexpression of PP1 or the inhibition of the Aurora B kinase, which acts antagonistically to PP1. Finally, we demonstrate that the overexpression of NIPP1 also hampered colony formation and tumor growth in xenograft assays in a PP1-dependent manner. Our data show that the selective inhibition of PP1 can be used to induce cancer cell death through mitotic catastrophe.
Household Surveys in Crisis
Authors: Meyer Bruce D. , Mok Wallace K. C. , Sullivan James X.
Published: November 2015

Household surveys, one of the main innovations in social science research of the last century, are threatened by declining accuracy due to reduced cooperation of respondents. While many indicators of survey quality have steadily declined in recent decades, the literature has largely emphasized rising nonresponse rates rather than other potentially more important dimensions to the problem. We divide the problem into rising rates of nonresponse, imputation, and measurement error, documenting the rise in each of these threats to survey quality over the past three decades. A fundamental problem in assessing biases due to these problems in surveys is the lack of a benchmark or measure of truth, leading us to focus on the accuracy of the reporting of government transfers. We provide evidence from aggregate measures of transfer reporting as well as linked microdata. We discuss the relative importance of misreporting of program receipt and conditional amounts of benefits received, as well as some of the conjectured reasons for declining cooperation and for survey errors. We end by discussing ways to reduce the impact of the problem including the increased use of administrative data and the possibilities for combining administrative and survey data.
Overconfident Consumers in the Marketplace
Authors: Grubb Michael D.
Published: November 2015

The term overconfidence is used broadly in the psychology literature, referring to both overoptimism and overprecision. Overoptimistic individuals overestimate their own abilities or prospects. In contrast, overprecise individuals place overly narrow confidence intervals around forecasts, thereby underestimating uncertainty. These biases can lead consumers to misforecast their future product usage, or to overestimate their abilities to navigate contract terms. In consequence, consumer overconfidence causes consumers to systematically misweight different dimensions of product quality and price. Poor choices based on biased estimates of a product's expected costs or benefits are the result. For instance, overoptimism about self-control is a leading explanation for why individuals overpay for gym memberships that they underutilize. Similarly, overprecision is a leading explanation for why individuals systematically choose the wrong calling plans, racking up large overage charges for exceeding usage allowances in the process. Beyond these market effects of overconfidence, this paper addresses three additional questions: What will firms do to exploit consumer overconfidence? What are the equilibrium welfare consequences of consumer overconfidence for consumers, firms, and society? And what are the implications of consumer overconfidence for public policy?
Reflexos do tempo: uma reflexão sobre o envelhecimento nos dias de hoje
Authors: Rosa Carlos Mendes , Veras Lana , Assunção Alysson
Published: November 2015

Reflexões sobre a maneira como lidamos com o envelhecimento, com os sinais da passagem do tempo e com a finitude, são colocadas em cena neste artigo. A morte, na sociedade ocidental dos tempos atuais, tem sido, frequentemente, tratada com negação e com evitação. De modo que o envelhecer, como sua antessala, é muitas vezes associado a estereótipos de obsolescência, devendo ser evitado ou camuflado. As repercussões do desencontro entre uma subjetividade imortal e um corpo envelhecido podem estar ligadas a vivências de sofrimento que não vêm encontrando amplos espaços de expressão e acolhimento em uma sociedade atravessada pelo imperativo da felicidade, pela espetacularização, pelo culto da performance e pela patologização e medicalização da tristeza. Os autores encontraram – no diálogo com obras artísticas da literatura, da escultura e da fotografia – a possibilidade de pensar alguns dos sentidos do envelhecer e da finitude na contemporaneidade.
Why are our young so stressed?
Authors: Thornton Stephanie
Published: November 2015

Young children seem to suffer increasingly from stress or anxiety. Psychologist Dr Stephanie Thornton considers why this is and offers some solutions for schools to help our pupils cope better
A atualidade das Humanidades
Authors: Rodrigues Adriano Duarte
Published: November 2015

Este texto pretende sublinhar a natureza porosa das fronteiras entre as ciências positivas, que procuram objetivar o conhecimento dos fenómenos, e as humanidades, que procuram compreender o sentido da experiência subjetiva, uma vez que as ciências positivas só podem objetivar os fenómenos do mundo de que os cientistas têm experiência subjetiva e os estudiosos das humanidades só podem compreender o sentido dos fenómenos subjetivos a partir do momento em que os conseguem objetivar. Pretende igualmente mostrar que os saberes das humanidades são incontornáveis, uma vez que deles depende o sentido das experiências, tanto individuais como coletivas, do presente.
Ciência e Humanismo: a visão da ciência de Erwin Schrödinger
Authors: Fiolhais Carlos
Published: November 2015

Erwin Schrödinger, o físico austríaco, que foi um dos principais autores da física quântica, realizou em 1950 uma série de conferências intituladas Ciência e humanismo, que estão traduzidas em português. Analisamos aqui a sua visão da ciência como parte do esforço do ser humano em conhecer-se. Debatemos a sua perspectiva da unidade das ciências, a relação entre ciência e técnica, as raízes profundas do pensamento científico na Antiguidade Grega e, além disso, a interacção da ciência com a filosofia e a religião. Expressamos a opinião de que uma boa parte das suas reflexões são relevantes nos dias de hoje, quando se fala da crise do humanismo. Mais humanismo significa mais e melhor ciência, o que significa progresso na integração de diferentes ramos do conhecimento humano.
Perbandingan Pendidikan Islam Perspektif Mahmud Yunus dan Muhammad ‘Athiyah Al-Abrasyi
Authors: Juwariyah Juwariyah
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe aim of the study on the thought of Mahmud Yunus and Muhammad Atiyah al-Abrasyi about  the definition and components of Islamic Education is meant to knowin detail and to identify their ideas about the definition and scope of Islamic education.Given that education is an activity that is required to be able to keep up with the timesfrom the various changes and to be able to answer the challenges of the times in thefuture, so that the definition and education components should always be reviewed tokeep up with the demands of time. Therefore, this research is expected to give a significantcontribution to the effort in promoting Islamic education, especially in Indonesia andgenerally in Islamic world.
Determining Acceptable Explosive Charge Mass Under Different Geological Conditions / Problematyka Wyznaczania Dopuszczalnych Ładunków Mw W Zróżnicowanych Warunkach Geologicznych
Authors: Pyra Józef , Sołtys Anna , Winzer Jan , Dworzak Michał , Biessikirski Andrzej
Published: November 2015

This article presents a procedure for determining the safety of explosive charges for their surrounding environment, using a limestone mine as a case study. Varied geological structures, as well as other constructions in the surrounding area of a mine, sometimes necessitate the use of two or more ground vibration propagation equations, and thus a variety of explosive charges, depending on the area of rock blasting. This is a crucial issue for the contractor, as it is important to blast the rock as few times as possible, while using the maximum amount of explosive charge for each blast.
Distribution and Disruption
Authors: Jenkins David
Published: November 2015

Iris Marion Young accuses theories of justice within the distributive paradigm of attending exclusively to the question of the “morally proper distribution of benefits and burdens among society’s members”. This comes at the cost of a deeper analysis of politics, detracting from the workings of power that structure the relations and processes that are the causes and sites of injustice. I argue that UBI both develops Young’s criticisms and corrects for her hasty dismissal of the power generated by the (specifically unconditional) holding of resources. By developing an alternative account of resistance that builds on Young’s social ontology we are able both to deepen our understanding of resistance and position UBI as an aspect of it. This helps fill out and expand on other defences of UBI that appeal to its capacity to facilitate refusals of various kind.
Ecosystem services for connecting actors – lessons from a symposium
Authors: Opdam Paul , Albert Christian , Fürst Christine , Grêt-Regamey Adrienne , Kleemann Janina , Parker Dawn , La Rosa Daniele , Schmidt Katja , Villamor Grace B. , Walz Ariane
Published: November 2015

This paper is a communication from the corresponding symposium at the Global Land Project Open Science Meeting, Berlin, March 2014. We explored the assumption that the ecosystem services-(ES) concept has the potential to support communication and collaboration between actors in land use planning. If true, the concept could facilitate collaborative planning processes. We analyse how to evolve a planning context in which governance networks at the local landscape level gain importance in decision making, while the central government delegates power. From case studies presented during the symposium we learned that the ES-concept has been explored for application in local land use planning around the world. However, whether ES are recognized as a useful planning concept depends on individual actor preferences and cultural and contextual factors, such as the actual nature-human relationship and gender differences. Also, successful application requires the support of novel assessment, design and visualization tools, which are designed to foster collaboration and social learning. The potential of the concept to contribute to collaborative relationships needs further investigation.
Melandrya (Emmesa) jaromiri sp. nov. from China (Coleoptera: Melandryidae)
Authors: Konvička Ondřej
Published: November 2015

A new species of melandryid beetle, Melandrya (Emmesa) jaromiri sp. nov., is described and illustrated. One female was found in Guanmenshan, Hubei Province, China.
Comment on Misguided Research Misinforming Public Policies
Authors: Petitti Diana B.
Published: November 2015

I’d like to highlight some of the points about research on mammography screening that Dr. Miettinen and I agree on. But I disagree with the main point he tries to make.
Strategically Integrated Design – Helping Brands to Keep Their Promises
Authors: Krohn Michael
Published: November 2015

Many companies incorporate design into their processes much too late and work sequentially instead of in an integrated manner. If, however, the important conceptual, technical or market-relevant decisions have already been made and the product or service is almost ready for launch, then design “cosmetics” will not help much. Design creates images that stick in your mind, and if these images are thought out at the last minute, there’s a risk that they will not optimally promote the overall brand image.

Integrated design not only gives form to innovations but makes them more user oriented and suitable for marketing efforts. In this case, design is - among other aspects - the actual driving force that adds magical attraction to a brand and its many touchpoints. Design follows the desire to incorporate an emotional value that consumers expect and that helps connect with the brand and offers orientation. Designers must therefore understand the target group and their sensory needs, and translate these into shape, color, material, surface and other aspects.
Predicting Preferences for Innovative Design: The “Repeated Evaluation Technique” (RET)
Authors: Carbon Claus-Christian
Published: November 2015

How do you realistically assess the success potential of innovative products? This task is quite challenging because the Average Joe generally has an aversion to innovation. Therefore it is not really possible to get valid innovation evaluations from typical consumers. Only when we feel secure and have time to become familiar with a new thing can innovation become exciting and attractive.

The “Repeated Evaluation Technique” (RET) was developed especially for the purpose of systematic familiarization with products to be evaluated. Subjects in an RET, for example, typical consumers, are encouraged to think explicitly and intensively about a product and its competitors. By forcing the subjects to engage with the material, known as the “elaboration,” the procedure helps consumers understand the product better and distinguish differences. The ascertained judgments come closer and closer to real everyday assessments that one would usually only gain after weeks and months of dealing with products.
Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Trigona Propolis: The Effects of Processing Parameters
Authors: Hamzah Norhaziyana , Leo Choe Peng
Published: November 2015

Microwave-assisted extraction of Trigona propolis in closed vessel was applied to reduce the extraction duration and volume of solvent. The effects of operating parameters (temperature, duration, power applied and sample to solvent ratio) on the extract yield, total phenolic, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity measured by DPPH method were measured after extraction. Without temperature control, propolis extract showed improvement in yield and quality by extending the extraction duration at low microwave power. However, the yield dropped significantly and the ethanolic solvent was released when the vessel pressure increased dramatically at higher power applied. The effects of extraction duration, temperature and the sample to solvent ratio were further investigated using a constant power of 300 W with temperature control. As long as the temperature was precisely controlled below 125°C, propolis extraction can be accomplished in shorter time (15 min) and less solvent (sample to solvent ratio of 1:5 (w/v)) without degradation compared to maceration.
Rehydration Capacity and Kinetics of Solar-Dried Carrot (Daucus carota) Slices as Affected by Blanching and Osmotic Pretreatments
Authors: Tadesse F. Teferra , Abera Solomon , Solomon W. K.
Published: November 2015

This study investigated effects of pretreatments on rehydration characteristics of solar-dried carrot slices. Blanching at 55, 65 and 75°C for 45 minutes and osmotic dewatering in 5%, 10% and 15% salt solutions for 5 h were used as pretreatments. Rehydration capacity of the dried carrots was determined by soaking 20 g sample in hot water at 95°C for 10 min and rehydration kinetics was carried out by soaking 5 g samples at 75, 85 and 95°C. All the treatment conditions separately and in combination influenced the rehydration characteristics of the carrot slices. High values of rehydration capacity and low lixiviated soluble solids, which indicates better quality, were obtained for samples treated at the lower blanching temperature. Similarly the lower salt concentration resulted in higher rehydration capacity and lower lixiviated soluble solids. The interaction of the lower level of both pretreatments produced higher rehydration capacity and lower soluble solid losses. A first-order kinetic model was used to describe the rehydration kinetics. A better rehydration performance was observed for the samples subjected to the lower levels of pretreatments and rehydration conditions.
Student Perceptions of Quality and Safety Competencies
Authors: Mennenga Heidi A. , Tschetter Lois , Sanjaya Lily
Published: November 2015

Aim/Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate senior students’ level of preparedness to perform and perceived importance of 22 QSEN-related skills over a three year project period.

Background: The national Quality and Safety Education in Nursing (QSEN) project promotes student learning in the provision of safe, quality health care. One Midwestern nursing program attempted to address health care challenges by purposefully utilizing the QSEN competencies for curricular changes.

Methods: This study collected data from students in their final semester of a baccalaureate program using the QSEN Student Evaluation Survey.

Results/Findings: Students reported they were somewhat prepared to perform skills related to all six QSEN competencies. Students perceived all QSEN related skills as being as least somewhat important.

Conclusions: As a result of this study, the nursing program identified areas to be developed for further growth and utilized findings to aid in curriculum revision.
Semi-stationary measurement as a tool to refine understanding of the soil temperature spatial variability
Authors: Lehnert Michal , Vysoudil Miroslav , Kladivo Petr
Published: November 2015

Using data obtained by soil temperature measurement at stations in the Metropolitan Station Network in Olomouc, extensive semi-stationary measurement was implemented to study the spatial variability of the soil temperature. With the development of the research and computer technology, the study of the temperature is not limited by the complexity of the processes determining the soil temperature, but by the lack of spatial data. This study presents simple semi-stationary soil temperature measurement methods, which can contribute to the study of the spatial variability of soil temperature. By semi-stationary measurement, it is possible to determine the average soil temperature with high accuracy and the minimum soil temperature with sufficient accuracy at a depth of 20 cm. It was proven that the spatial variability of the minimum soil temperature under grass at a depth of 20 cm can reach up to several degrees Celsius at the regional level, more than 1°C at the local level, and tenths of °C at the sublocal level. Consequently, the standard stationary measurement of the soil temperature can be regarded as representative only for a very limited area. Semi-stationary soil temperature measurement is, therefore, an important tool for further development of soil temperature research.
Teaching Nonparametric Econometrics to Undergraduates
Authors: Henderson Daniel J. , Parmeter Christopher F.
Published: November 2015

Given the popularity of nonparametric methods in applied econometric research, it is beneficial if students have exposure to these methods. We provide a simple, heuristic overview that can be used to discuss smoothing and nonparametric density and regression estimation suitable for an undergraduate econometrics class. We make connections to existing methods known to students (e.g. weighted least-squares through the idea of local weighting) which allows easy access to these methods. Examples are given as well as a discussion of available methods across an array of statistical software to fit the needs of educators.
A semiotics of creativity and a poetic metaphor: Towards a dialogical relation of expression and explanation
Authors: Lee Yunhee
Published: November 2015

This paper aims to examine the status and ontology of expression level of sign to propose the concept of creativity in connection with Peirce’s theory of symbol and particularly symbolization. I argue that the process of symbolization has a certain directionality from the ontological to the substantial domain of sign. Thus, the internal world of concept is connected to the external world of things. In other words, a symbol as a cultural code with connoted meaning requires another dimension of a new creative expression. As a result, denotation on the expression level becomes extended. Based on this, symbols grow through symbolization with creative thinking. This process of symbolization is commensurate with explaining how two domains are connected. Consequently, the concept of creativity on the expression plane needs an explanation from a semiotic viewpoint as to how the ontological domain of concepts or ideas is connected to the substantial domain of expression or things based not on a psychological aspect but on a logical inference through metaphorical and analogical reasoning.
Application of Polarization Modulation Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectrosocpy Under Electrochemical Control for Structural Studies of Biomimetic Assemblies
Authors: Brand Izabella
Published: November 2015

An ideal bioanalytical method would allow carrying out sensitive,
selective, reproducible, fast, and in situ chemical
measurements of the composition, structure and function of complex
biological systems. Physical chemistry possesses advanced structure
analyzing techniques which are suitable to solve, at a sub-molecular
level, the structure of biomolecules. However, the prerequisite of the
presence of the electrolyte solution limits the number of applicable
structure analyzing techniques. Infrared spectroscopy is one of the
most powerful analytical techniques used to identify the structure of
biomolecules, monitor structural changes under various experimental
environments and physical states. In addition, infrared reflection
absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) has been successfully applied to study
supramolecular films at the solid|liquid interface. Assemblies
of biomolecules belong to a particularly demanding because they bring
specific for the maintenance of their functions experimental
requirements which have to be taken into account planning in
situ spectroelectrochemical experiments.

In this paper potnential of in situ IRRAS under
electrochemical control for studies of structural changes in
assemblies of biomolecules such as lipid bilayers and protein films is
described. Studies of different classes of biomolecules bring certain
experimetnal conditions concerning the electrolyte composition, pH
value, temperature or chemical nature of the solid support, which have
to be fulfilled. Obviously, these conditons may significantly restrict
the applicability of the in situ PM IRRAS. The selection of
the solid substrate with required optical and electrical properties,
the optical window and the electrolyte composition have to be adapted
to the needs of biomolecules. Adjustement of experimetnal conditions
as well as possibilites of the enlargement of the in situ PM
IRRAS for studies of biomimetic assemblies is reviewed in this
paper. Furthermore, experimetnal resutls reporting potenial driven
changes in models of cell membranes and protein films are
reviewed. Pioneering studies aiminig at the determination of
structural changes in lipid membranes exposed to physiological
electric fields and interacting simultaneously with protiens are
described.
Construction of Constrained Dipole Oscillator Strength Distributions
Authors: Thakkar Ajit J.
Published: November 2015

A brief review is given of how a constrained dipole oscillator
strength distribution (DOSD) is constructed from experimental and
possibly theoretical photoabsorption cross-sections with constraints
provided by molar refractivity data and the Kuhn–Reiche–Thomas sum
rule. Some recent refinements including the imposition of the correct
high-energy behavior on the DOSD for homoatomic molecules are
discussed and extended to the general molecular case. A sample
application to pyridine is given.
Marc A. Hertzmann. 2013. Making Samba: A New History of Race and Music in Brazil
Authors: Haynes Jo
Published: November 2015

Marc A. Hertzmann. 2013. Making Samba: A New History of Race and Music in Brazil. Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press. 392pp. ISBN 978-0-8223-5430-7 (pbk)
BBC. 2013. World Routes: The Baroque and Beyond (Episodes 1 to 3)
Authors: Colman Alfredo
Published: November 2015

BBC. 2013. World Routes: The Baroque and Beyond (Episodes 1 to 3). Produced by James Parkin, presented by Lucy Durán. BBC Radio 3 programmes, 60 minutes (each)
Exposing the Politics of French Rap on Prime-Time Television
Authors: Bourderionnet Olivier
Published: November 2015

This article addresses questions of political consciousness and authenticity in today’s French rap industry in the light of the discussion proposed in De l’encre, a fiction film made for prime-time television by rappers Hamé and Ekoué from the group La Rumeur. The study puts in the balance the limitations of political engagement and political discourse as artistic material with marketing demands and industry practices. In discussing the ways some rappers position themselves vis-à-vis the industry’s demands while claiming to remain true to their perception of an uncorrupted form of hip hop, the article highlights the terms in which notions of authenticity, selfauthentication and ideology come into play in the French context. Focusing on the rap group La Rumeur’s stance on cooptation in French and American rap, the limitations are exposed of an ideological discourse that proceeds to excommunicate other artists in the name of authenticity and tends to reproduce the very same conservative rhetoric of exclusion found at the other end of the political spectrum in France.
Curwen Best. 2012. The Popular Music and Entertainment Culture of Barbados: Pathways to Digital Culture
Authors: Manuel Peter
Published: November 2015

Curwen Best. 2012. The Popular Music and Entertainment Culture of Barbados: Pathways to Digital Culture. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. 210pp. ISBN 978-0-8108-7749-8 (hbk)
Andrew Weintraub. 2010. Dangdut Stories: A Social and Musical History of Indonesia’s Most Popular Music
Authors: Strohschein Heather
Published: November 2015

Andrew Weintraub. 2010. Dangdut Stories: A Social and Musical History of Indonesia’s Most Popular Music. New York: Oxford University Press. 258pp. ISBN 978-0-195-395666-2 (pbk)