bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Icariin on Histomorphometric Changes of Testis and Prostate Induced by Acrylamide in Mice
Authors: Doctor Arastoye Marandi Mahsa , Yadegari Maryam , Shahedi Abbas , Pourentezari Majid , Anvari Morteza , Shahrokhi Raeini Azadeh , Dortaj Hengameh
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims: This study aimed to observe the effect of Icariin on histomorphometric changes of testis and prostate induced by Acrylamide.
Materials and Methods: Male mice were divided into four groups (n=8): A is the control group and does not get any treatment, B is the sham group and only received drinking water. C group received Acrylamide 10 mg/kg. D group received Acrylamide 15 mg/kg+1.5 mg/kg of Icariin. Histological changes in testis and prostate were examined using stereological methods.
Results: Results showed decreases in testis weight of the group treated by (p≤0.01) and the group cured by Acrylamide +Icariin group (p≤0.05). The total volume of testis showed a reduction in the Acrylamide  group compared to other groups (p≤0.05). The total number of spermatogonia and spermatocyte cells in the Acrylamide group showed a decrease in comparison with the other groups (p≤0.05). The total number of spermatid cells in the Acrylamide group indicated a significant reduction in comparison with the control and sham group (p≤0.05). The total number of sertoli cells in the Acrylamide group showed a reduction when the number of leydig cells in the Acrylamide group showed a significant decrease in comparison with the control, sham, and Acrylamide+Icariin groups (p≤0.05). The mean Johnsen score was decreased in the Acrylamide treated group compared to control, sham, and Acrylamide+Icariin groups (p≤0.05). Testosterone concentration in the Acrylamide group showed a reduction in comparison with control, sham, and Acrylamide+Icariin groups (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: Results demonstrated that Acrylamide altered the structure of the testis, prostate gland, and spermatogenesis stage, and Icariin treatment improved these histopathological changes.
Effects of Crude Aqueous Extract of Cola Acuminata Pods on the Reproductive System of Male Albino Rats
Authors: Odo Ogechukwu F , C Azubuike Nkiruka C , Achukwu Peter U , Ugwu Michael C , Udeogu Chisom H , Ike Ozoemena C
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims: Cola acuminata pod extract (CAPE) is used in Nigerian traditional medicine to treat low sperm count in males. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effects of CAPE on the reproductive system of male albino rats.
Materials and Methods: Preliminary acute toxicity testing, phytochemical screening, proximate analysis, and determination of vitamin E concentration were performed on the extract. Three groups (I, II, and III) of 12 rats were used in the study. Each group comprised three batches (A, B, and C) of 4 rats each for different periods (4, 6, and 8 weeks, respectively).
Results: Acute toxicity testing showed that CAPE had an oral lethal dose of 50% (LD50) of >5 g/kg body weight (b.wt) in rats. Vitamin E concentration was 0.511 mg/l. The caudal epididymal sperm count increased marginally from 4 to 6 weeks for rats treated with 800 mg/kg b.wt., but reduced significantly at 8 weeks for both CAPE treatment groups (II and III) (p<0.05) compared with the control group (I). Significant reduction (p<0.05) of sperm motility and serum testosterone levels at 8 weeks were observed. The histology of the reproductive organs revealed evident histo-architectural changes.
Conclusions: These results suggest that the aqueous pod extract of Cola acuminata causes marked alterations in reproductive organs and shows antispermatogenic and antiandrogenic effects when administered orally over 8 weeks in mature male rats leading to contradicting its use as a traditional remedy for low sperm count in males.
Mass Investigation on Intestinal Parasite Infection in Masjed Soleyman, Iran, 2010-2017: A Large Population Survey
Authors: Mazhab-Jafari Komeil , Rouhandeh Rouhollah , Bahrami Razieh , Shahrivar Firooz
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims: Globally, intestinal parasitic infections are a significant risk to human health. These infections may cause many health problems for humans, such as reduced growth, especially in children. This study, epidemiologically, aims to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections which are collected from three medical centers in the city of Masjed Soleyman located in the southwest of Iran from 2010 to 2017.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, documented data of three medical center’s laboratories in Masjed Soleyman were collected through the years 2010 to 2017. In these medical centers, conventional parasitology methods such as direct observation are employed for detection, and other techniques have been practiced in required cases.
Results: Out of 45829 patients, 9.7% of the patients were infected by the intestinal parasites. Statistical analysis has revealed that there is a significant relationship between the rate of infection and sex and season.
Conclusions: Considering the obtained data, the incidence of protozoan parasites is more than worm infections. Despite increased levels of public health, parasitic infections that are transmitted directly are still found in the community. The air temperature, sex, environmental pollution, and lifestyle are effective factors in increasing or decreasing these infections.
Health Care Waste Management Improvement Interventions Specifications and Results: A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis
Authors: ASHTARI Ali , SADEGH TABRIZI Jafar , REZAPOUR Ramin , RASHIDIAN MALEKI Mohammad , AZAMI-AGHDASH Saber
Published: September 2020

Background: Given the importance of proper management of Health Care Waste Management (HCWM), comprehensive information on interventions in this field is necessary. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review and meta-analysis of characteristics and results of interventions in the field of HCWM.
Methods: The required data were gathered through searching the keywords such as waste management, biomedical waste, hospitals waste, health care waste, infectious waste, medical waste, Waste Disposal Facilities, Garbage, Waste Disposal Facilities, Hazardous Waste Sites in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Google scholar, Cochrane library, Science Direct, web of knowledge, SID and MagIran and hand searching in journals, reference by reference, and search in Gray literatures between 2000 and 2019. CMA software: 2 (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) was used to perform the meta-analysis.
Results: Twenty-seven interventions were evaluated. Most of the studies were conducted after 2010, in the form of pre and post study, without control group, and in hospital. Interventions were divided into two categories: educational interventions (19 studies) and multifaceted managerial interventions (8 studies). The most studied outcome (in 11 studies) was KAP (knowledge, attitude and practice). The mean standard difference of interventions on KAP was estimated 3.04 (2.54–3.54) which was significant statistically (P<0.05). Also, interventions were considerably effective in improving the indicators of waste production amount, waste management costs and overall waste management performance.
Conclusion: Despite positive effect of interventions, due to the methodological deficiencies of published studies and high heterogeneity in results of studies, caution should be exercised in interpreting and using the results of the studies.
Accuracy of Self-Reported Hypertension, Diabetes, and Hyperlipidemia among Adults of Liwan, Guangzhou, China
Authors: GUO Huijie , YU Yi , YE Yilu , ZHOU Shudong
Published: September 2020

Background: We aimed to determine the accuracy of self-reported diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in Chinese adults and examine factors that affect the accuracy of self-reports.
Methods: This representative cross-sectional survey was conducted in Liwan District, Guangzhou City, Southeast China. Self-reported data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Biometrical data were recorded, including blood lipid, blood glucose and arterial blood pressure levels. Sensitivity, specificity, and κ values of self-reports were used as measurements of accuracy or agreements. The Robust Poisson-GEE was applied to determine the association of participants’ characteristics with the accuracy of self-reports.
Results: Self-reported and biometrical data of 1278 residents aged 18 yr and older (693 women and 585 men) were used to calculate three measures of agreement. The agreement between self-reports and biomedical measurements was substantial for both hypertension and diabetes (κ=0.77 and 0.76), but only slight for hyperlipidemia (κ=0.06). Similarly, the sensitivity was higher for hypertension and diabetes (72.3% and 71.2%) than for hyperlipidemia (6.8%), while the specificity was high overall (≥98%). The factors associated with an accurate self-reported diagnosis in respondents with disease included having undergone blood pressure measurement (for hypertension) or blood glucose measurement (for diabetes) in the past 6 month, having attended health knowledge lectures in the past year and having social health insurances (for hypertension), and having undergone physical discomfort in the past 2 weeks (for hypertension and diabetes).
Conclusion: The accuracy of self-reported hypertension and diabetes was high, whereas that of self-reported hyperlipidemia was lower among the population.
Influence of Load Carriage on the Gait Characteristics of the Obese
Authors: RYEW Checheong , HYUN Seunghyun
Published: September 2020

Background: Gait mechanism due to overloaded weight of the obese may be altered, but yet uncertain whether an added loaded weight on body weight can alter or not gait characteristics.
Methods: We applied with 0 kg (no load), 5 kg, 10 kg, and 15 kg of the load carriage respectively on the obese (n=11) to grasp a mechanism on the control of impact types and dynamic stability during gait. Gait characteristics was analyzed with three-dimensional cinematography and ground reaction force system consisted of a length of 1 stride, mean velocity of center of gravity during supporting phase, breaking force, propulsive force, dynamic posture stability index (DPSI), and extrapolated centre of mass (XCoM) respectively. We performed repeated measures one-way analysis of variance (0 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, and 15 kg) and performed the post hoc test (Duncan) at (P<0.05) in case of significant level respectively.
Results: Onestride length and mean velocity were decreased according to gradual increase of a load carriage, but breaking and propulsive force were somewhat increased. Particularly a decrease of gait velocity and stride length kept the range for DPSI and XCoM theta of a level of no-load carriage.
onclusion: Usually load carriage during prolonged time of the obese is few case, but rather a load carriage of 5 kg may alter a gait posture potentially with prolonged time of load carriage.
Evaluation of the Application Effect of "Yilian Family Medical Health Service Platform" in the Health Education for Cardiovascular Patients
Authors: XU Xiaohe , QU Li
Published: September 2020

Background: To explore the effect of the "Yilian Family Medical Health Service Platform" used by cardiology nurses on the health education of cardiovascular patients.
Methods: Overall 380 patients with coronary heart disease were selected from the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian China in 2019. They were divided into control group (190 cases) and observation group (190 cases) according to the method of digital random allocation. The traditional discharge health education model was used in control group, that is, oral education before discharge. On the basis of traditional health education, the "Yilian Family Medical Health Service Platform" was recommended in the observation group. Patients could use the platform to communicate and consult with the family doctor team. The awareness of disease and medication, compliance, incidence of rehospitalization, and satisfaction with nursing work were compared in the two groups after discharge from the hospital.
Results: The experimental group was significantly better than the control group in terms of disease awareness, medication adherence, return visits, and rehospitalization (P <0.05).
Conclusion: The "Medical Federation Family Medical Health Service Platform" could be used by nurses as a continuation of health education for patients with cardiovascular disease after discharge from the hospital. It can promote patient recovery, improve medication compliance, reduce the rate of rehospitalization, and obviously improve patients’ satisfaction to the nursing staff.
Risk Factors of Mortality among Male Patients with Cardiovascular Disease in Malaysia Using Bayesian Analysis
Authors: JUHAN Nurliyana , ZUBAIRI Yong Zulina , KHALID Zarina Mohd , MAHMOOD ZUHDI Ahmad Syadi
Published: September 2020

Background: Identifying risk factors associated with mortality is important in providing better prognosis to patients. Consistent with that, Bayesian approach offers a great advantage where it rests on the assumption that all model parameters are random quantities and hence can incorporate prior knowledge. Therefore, we aimed to develop a reliable model to identify risk factors associated with mortality among ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) male patients using Bayesian approach.
Methods: A total of 7180 STEMI male patients from the National Cardiovascular Disease Database-Acute Coronary Syndrome (NCVD-ACS) registry for the years 2006-2013 were enrolled. In the development of univariate and multivariate logistic regression model for the STEMI patients, Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation approach was applied. The performance of the model was assessed through convergence diagnostics, overall model fit, model calibration and discrimination.
Results: A set of six risk factors for cardiovascular death among STEMI male patients were identified from the Bayesian multivariate logistic model namely age, diabetes mellitus, family history of CVD, Killip class, chronic lung disease and renal disease respectively. Overall model fit, model calibration and discrimination were considered good for the proposed model.
Conclusion: Bayesian risk prediction model for CVD male patients identified six risk factors associated with mortality. Among the highest risks were Killip class (OR=18.0), renal disease (2.46) and age group (OR=2.43) respectively.
The Unmet Healthcare Needs: Evidence from Serbia
Authors: MITRASEVIC Milos , RADOVANOVIC Snezana , RADEVIC Svetlana , MARICIC Milena , MACUZIC Ivana Zivanović , KANJEVAC Tatjana
Published: September 2020

Background: We aimed to determine the socio-economic factors associated with unmet healthcare needs of the population aged 20 and over in Serbia.
Methods: We used data from the 2013 National Health Survey (NHS) of the population of Serbia. We focused only on the data concerning the population aged 20 and over. The final sample thus included 13,765 participants. The logistic regression was used to examine the socio-economic factors associated with unmet health care needs.
Results: According to the data obtained in this study, 26.2% of the population aged 20 and over reported unmet health care needs during the previous 12 months. The multivariate analysis shows that significant indicators of unmet healthcare needs include: gender, age, marital status, level of education, financial and employment status.
Conclusion: Females, the elderly and those with the lowest levels of education and household income, as well as those who are divorced and unemployed are at highest risk of unmet healthcare needs. Different policies and approaches should be taken into consideration when it comes to vulnerable population groups in order to reduce the currently existing gaps to a minimum and provide more equal opportunities for health care to all citizens.
Effect of Nursing Quality Management on the Nosocomial Infection Rate and Psychology State of Patients with Burn and Plastic Surgery
Authors: WANG Xue , XU Qi , LIU Xu , LV Aiqin
Published: September 2020

Background: To explore the effect of nursing quality management on the nosocomial infection rate and Psychology State of patients with burn and plastic surgery.
Methods: Overall, 92 patients with burn and plastic surgery admitted to Qilu Hospital, Jinan, China from Apr 2017 to Jul 2018 were selected, in which 46 cases were randomly selected as a control group for routine nursing management, and another 46 cases as a research group to strengthen nursing quality management. The incidence of nosocomial infection, nursing satisfaction and nurse-patient disputes were compared. MMAS-8 scale was used to compare the compliance of the two groups. SAS and SDS score were used to compare the psychological status. The recovery and discharge were compared.
Results: The incidence of nosocomial infection in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The total satisfaction rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of nurses-patients disputes was significantly lower than that of the control group. The SAS and SDS score of the study group were significantly better than the control group (P<0.05). The healing time, blood circulation recovery time of skin wounds and discharge time in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group.
Conclusion: Strengthening nursing quality management can effectively reduce the nosocomial infection rate of burn and plastic surgery. It helps to further accelerate the recovery of patients and make patients ’psychological state better.
Construction of Exercise Behavior Model in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: HAN Eun-Soo , KWEON Young-Ran
Published: September 2020

Background: Despite the awareness that regular exercise has a positive impact on maintaining health, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) engage in markedly less exercise than do the general population. Weaimed to construct and test a structural equation model of exercise behavior in patients with RA based on selfdetermination theory and self-efficacy theory.
Methods: Participants were 214 outpatients with RA at Chonnam National University Hospital located in the Gwangju City, South Korea from Mar to Apr 2018. A structured self-report questionnaire was used to assess autonomy support, autonomy, competence, relatedness, autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, and exercise behavior. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 program.
Results: The structural model showed a good fitness with the data (χ2= 727.27, df = 392, P<0.001, TLI = 0.92, CFI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.07). Autonomous motivation and self-efficacy had a significant effect on exercise behavior in patients with RA. This model explained 21.2% of the variance of exercise behavior in patients with RA.
Conclusion: Self-efficiency and autonomous motivation should be promoted in order to strengthen the exercise behavior of patients with RA.
Monitoring System of Drowsiness and Lost Focused Driver Using Raspberry Pi
Authors: ADI Kusworo , WIDODO Catur Edi , WIDODO Aris Puji , ARISTIA Hilda Nurul
Published: September 2020

Background: Drowsiness condition is one of the significant factors often encountered when an accident occurs. We aimed to detect a method to prevent accidents caused by drowsiness and lost a focused driver.
Methods: The image processing technique has been capable of detecting the characteristic of drowsiness and lost focus driver in real-time using Raspberry Pi. Video samples were processed using the Haar Cascade Classifier method to identify areas of the face, eyes, and mouth so that drowsy conditions. The methods can be determined based on the bject detected.
Results: Two parameters were determined, the lost focused and drowsiness driver. The highest accuracy value for driver lost focused detection was 88.00%, while the highest accuracy value for drowsiness driver detection was 90.40%.
Conclusion: In general, a system developed with image processing methods has been able to monitor the drowsiness and lost focused drivers with high accuracy. This system still needs improvements to increase performance.
Association between Sleep Problems and Sedentary Behaviors during Work among Korean Workers
Authors: LEE Eunmi , KIM Yujeong , LEE Haeyoung
Published: September 2020

Background: We aimed to identify the association between sleep problems and sedentary behaviors during work among Korean workers.
Methods: We employed a cross-sectional survey, and analyzed data from the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey, conducted in 2017. The participants were 50,205 workers aged 15 years and above. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation, chi-square distribution, and logistic regression.
Results: Sleep problems occurred more frequently among female participants with higher ages; those with low educational levels; skilled agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers; elementary workers; and service and sales workers. With general characteristics as control variables, it was found that the odds of sleep problems were 5.547 times higher if the duration of sedentary behavior was longer.
Conclusion: It is important to improving work environment and provide education on various physical activities for workers with a long duration of sedentary behaviors to reduce sleep problems among them.
Incidence Rates of Disability and Its Associated Factors among Korean Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: KIM Seonho , KIM Myoungsuk , HAN Dallong
Published: September 2020

Background: We aimed to identify incidence rates of disability and its associated factors among Korean community-dwelling older adults.
Methods: The sample included 1,739 Koreans aged over 65 yr from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006-2016) who reported no limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) at baseline (2006) and had complete data for other covariates. ADL, IADL, socio-demographic, lifestyle, and health-condition data were collected and analyzed using multiple logistic regression models.
Results: The 10-yr incidence rates of ADL and IADL disability in subjects with no disability at baseline were 11.6% and 21.6%, respectively. After adjusting for socio-demographic, lifestyle, and health-condition factors, the incidence of ADL disability was higher in women (odds ratio [OR] =1.418, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.102- 2.613) and increased with age (OR=1.170, 95% CI=1.133-1.208), multi-morbidity (OR=1.194, 95% CI=1.015- 1.406), and obesity (OR=1.563, 95% CI=1.057-2.311). It decreased in subjects living alone (OR=0.531, 95% CI=0.328-0.856). The incidence of IADL disability increased with age (OR=1.131, 95% CI=1.102-1.161), multimorbidity (OR=1.199, 95% CI=1.054-1.365), and cognitive disability (OR=1.422, 95% CI=1.083-1.866) and decreased for subjects living alone (OR=0.484, 95% CI=0.328-0.715) and with overweight (OR=0.725, 95% CI=0.532-0.988).
Conclusion: Incidence rates of disability differed considerably based on socio-demographic, lifestyle, and health-condition factors. These results suggest the importance of identifying factors that can decrease the risk of disability in this group and of prevention efforts in populations with a higher disability risk.
Phylogenetic Analysis and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from UTI-Suspected Patients
Authors: RANJBAR Reza , NAZARI Sedigheh , FARAHANI Omid
Published: September 2020

Background: Escherichia coli as one of the most predominant pathogens is the major cause of urinary tract infections (UTI) worldwide. E. coli strains could be classified into distinct phylo-groups based on PCR method. Additionally, studying the antimicrobial resistance profiles of these strains is essential for finding the effective selection of treatment and evaluating the differences among resistance patterns of particular phylogenetic groups. This study aimed to determine the phylogroups of E. coli isolated from patients with UTI in Tehran, Iran.
Methods: The urine samples were collected from patients suspected to UTI from four hospitals in Tehran, Iran; Mofid, Vali-Asr, Bu-Ali and Tehran Heart Center (THC) Hospitals during 2014-2016. Assessing the antimicrobial resistance profile of the identified strains was accomplished using ampicillin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime among β-lactam group; gentamicin, and streptomycin among aminoglycosides; nalidixic acid and norfloxacin from quinolones; and chloramphenicol disks. The phylogenetic characterization of 60 E. coli isolates obtained from patients with UTI was done by triplex PCR method.
Results: E. coli strains showed high resistance toward streptomycin (93.33%), ampicillin (86.6%) and nalidixic acid (73.33%) while resistance against chloramphenicol showed the lowest (10%). The prevalent groups were B2 (n=50/60, 83%), followed by D (n=6/60, 10%), B1 (n=3/60, 5%), and A (n=1, 1.6%).
Conclusion: The most predominant phylogenetic group was B2 with the major frequent detected with the major drug resistant (48%) compared to other Phylogenetic groups.
Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Human Hydatidosis in Bordering the Caspian Sea, Northern Iran by Focusing on Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Stricto Complex
Authors: SIYADATPANAH Abolghasem , DARYANI Ahmad , SARVI Shahabeddin , SPOTIN Adel , SHARIF Mehdi , ESMAEELZADEH DIZAJI Reza , ANVARI Davood , EMAMI ZEYDI Amir , KOHANSAL Mohammad Hasan , AGUDELO HIGUITA Nelson Ivan , HOSSEINI Seyed Abdollah , ARYAEIPOUR Mojgan , GHOLAMI Shirzad
Published: September 2020

Background: Human Echinococcosisis a cyclo-zoonotic infection caused by tapeworms of the Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto complex. The detection of mitochondrial genome data of genus Echinococcus can reflect the taxonomic status, genetic diversity, and population structure genetics.
Methods: Totally, 52 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from patients with histologically confirmed CE were collected from Mazandaran province, Iran in the period of Mar 1995 to May 2018. All extracted DNAs from (FFPE) tissue samples were subjected to amplify by polymerase chain reactions method targeting cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. All PCR amplicons were sequenced to phylogenetic analysis and genetic diversity.
Results: Molecular analysis showed that 50(96.1%) and 2 (3.84%) isolates were identified as G1 andG3 E. granulosus genotypes, respectively. DNA sequence analyses indicated a high gene diversity for G1 (Haplotype diversity: 0.830) and G3 genotypes (Hd: 1.00). Based on multiple sequence alignment analyses, 7 (13.46%; G1 genotype) and 2 (3.84%; G3 genotype) new haplotypes were unequivocally identified.
Conclusion: G3 genotype (Buffalo strain) was identified from two human hydatidosis isolates in the region. Present study strengthens our knowledge about taxonomic status, transmission patterns of Echinococcus parasite to human and heterogeneity aspects of this parasite in clinical CE isolates of Northern Iran.
Involvement of Eotaxins (CCL11, CCL24, CCL26) in Pathogenesis of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis
Authors: AHMADI Hadis , KHORRAMDELAZAD Hossein , HASSANSHAHI Gholamhossein , ABBASI FARD Mitra , AHMADI Zahra , NOROOZI KARIMABAD Mojgan , MOLLAHOSSEINI Majid
Published: September 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of eotaxin family members including C-C motif chemokine 11 (CCL11), C-C motif chemokine 24 (CCL24), and C-C motif chemokine 26 (CCL26) as the subgroups of CC-chemokine in patients affected with osteoporosis and osteopenia.
Methods: Overall, 19 osteoporotic patients, 18 osteopenic individuals, and 20 healthy subjects were recruited in this study. The bone mineral density (BMD) was then measured at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and the hip (femoral neck and total hip) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for diagnosis of bone density and related disorders. Additionally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was employed to measure the serum levels of CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26.
Results: The circulating levels of CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26 had been increased in both groups of patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis compared to those in healthy subjects (P<0.05); while no significant difference was observed between serum levels of these chemokines in such patients.
Conclusion: Eotaxins can play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and osteopenia; however, further studies are needed to clarify various roles of eotaxins in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis and osteopenia.
A Comparative Study of Different Joint Modeling Approaches for HIV/AIDS Patients in Southern Iran
Authors: ROUSTAEI Narges , JAMALI Jamshid , TAGHI AYATOLLAHI Seyyed Mohammad , ZARE Najaf
Published: September 2020

Background: The prevalence of HIV/AIDS has been increasing in Iran, especially amongst the young population, recently. The joint model (JM) is a statistical method that represents an effective strategy to incorporate all information of repeated measurements and survival outcomes simultaneously. In many theoretical studies, the population under the study were heterogeneous. This study aimed at comparing three approaches by considering heterogeneity in the patients.
Methods: This study was conducted on 750 archived files of patients infected with HIV in Fars Province, southern Iran, from 1994 to 2017. Proposed Approach (PA), Joint Latent Class Models (JLCM), and Separated Approach (SA) were compared to evaluate the influence covariates on the longitudinal and time-to-event outcomes in the heterogeneous HIV/AIDS patients.
Results: Gender (P<0.001) and HCV (P<0.01) were two significant covariates in the classification of HIV/AIDS patients. Time had a significant effect on CD4 (P<0.001) in both classes in the three approaches. In PA and SA, females had higher CD4 than males (P<0.001) in the first class. In JLCM, females had higher CD4 than males (P<0.01) in both classes. The patients with higher Hgb had also higher CD4 (P<0.001) in both classes in the three approaches. HCV reduced the CD4 significantly in both classes in PA (P<0.05) and SA (P<0.001). Within the survival sub-model, HCV reduced survival rate significantly in the second class in PA (P<0.05), JLCM (P<0.01) and SA (P<0.001).
Conclusion: PA was an appropriate approach for joint modeling longitudinal and survival outcomes for this heterogeneous population.
The Effect of Individual Time Preferences on Smoking Behavior: Insights from Behavioral Economics
Authors: SOOFI Moslem , AKBARI SARI Ali , NAJAFI Farid
Published: September 2020

Background: We aimed to explore the correlation between the time and risk preferences and the smoking behavior of adult population in western Iran.
Methods: Overall, 792 individuals with the age of 35 to 65 yr participating in an ongoing national cohort study (Persian Cohort) were approached to complete a pre-structured questionnaire in 2017. Time preferences were measured using a standard choice-based method. The individuals' discount rates were identified by questions that offered binary monetary choices on immediate future and distant future, by making trade-offs between them. Probit regression model was used to investigate the relationship between time preferences and smoking when controlling for demographic and socioeconomic variables.
Results: Time and risk preferences had statistically significant direct correlations with smoking. A unit increase in discount rate was associated with a 4.4% percentage point increase in the likelihood of being smoker. A present-biased individual had 5.7% percentage points lower likelihood of being smoker. Moreover, a unit increase in willingness to take the risk increased the likelihood of being a smoker by 1.5% percentage points.
Conclusion: Time and risk preferences are important determinants of smoking behavior. These factors should be considered in designing effective prevention and control programs. Policies that increase the immediate costs of cigarette smoking or the immediate benefits of smoking cessation are likely to have a greater impact on reducing the prevalence of cigarette smoking.
Morphological Analysis of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Malocclusion Using 2D and 3D Measuring Methods
Authors: JEON Eun-Young , AHN Hyun-Na , PARK Jong-Tae
Published: September 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
A Comparison of Body Composition among Korean University Students before and after a Korean Traditional National Holiday Period
Authors: JU Sung Bum
Published: September 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Interaction of Carbohydrates- Leishmania major Parasite in Phlebotomus papatasi
Authors: AHMADIPOUR Fereshteh , BIZHANI Negar , RASSIY Yavar , BASSER Hamid Reza
Published: September 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The Relationship between Neonatal Transient Tachypnea and Maternal Disease in Newborns
Authors: KHABAZ TARAHI Anahita , OMIDIAN Ali
Published: September 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Blockchain In Depth
Authors: Saransh Kotha  , Pearl Patel
Published: September 2020

Blockchain is defined as a group of unsegregated blocks over a P2P network. It is also considered as a decentralised ledger which holds the records of any online event. It offers a secure platform for knowledge and value transfer even in an untrustworthy network. In digital transactions on blockchain, each transaction is verified by all the nodes within the network using consensus protocol. Through this paper we will give a comprehensive overview of how Blockchain technology works, its current and future applications and how it can change the digital events in future.
Personalized Suggestion For Music Based On Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Salunke Aniket , Kukreja Ruchika , Kharche Jayesh , Nerurkar Amit
Published: September 2020

With the advancement of technology there are millions of songs available on the internet and this creates problem for a person to choose from this vast pool of songs. So, there should be some middleman who must do this task on behalf of user and present most relevant songs that perfectly fits the user’s taste. This task is done by recommendation system. Music recommendation system predicts the user liking towards a particular song based on the listening history and profile. Most of the music recommendation system available today will give most recently played song or songs which have overall highest rating as suggestions to users but these suggestions are not personalized. The paper purposes how the recommendation systems can be used to give personalized suggestions to each and every user with the help of collaborative filtering which uses user similarity to give suggestions. The paper aims at implementing this idea and solving the cold start problem using content based filtering at the start.
Comparitive Analysis and Findings on Dct & Lbg Compression Techniques
Authors: Falahi Mr. Moayad Al , Sivakumar Dr. Janaki
Published: September 2020

The main objective of this project is to develop an application to find the best compression technique to store Muscat College students' photographs in less storage. MATLAB software will be used to develop a Graphical User Interface GUI application and implement two image compression techniques which are lossless compression using the DCT algorithm and lossy compression using the LBG algorithm.  The application shall allow the user to select and test a sample image by applying both these techniques for any student image he\she selects in order to compare the results by display the image after compression and the histogram to find which the most suitable compression technique is. Also, the application shall show the size of images before and after applying the compression process and show the compression ratio and relative data redundancy of compressed image/images. The main functionality is that the application shall allow the user to do bulk processing to apply image enhancement and image compression technique to enhance and compress all the photographs of students and store them in less space.
The Intercropping Using NRC Algorithm
Authors: G.Tejaswi  , D. Likhitha  , Sree D. Soumya , B Vishnu Vardhan
Published: September 2020

To predict the crop rotation for varied sorts of soil and might be done through soil fertility, water level, chemical level, climatic condition and etc. Here, mistreatment totally different data processing techniques over agriculture land soil testing is that the methodology is mistreatment wide wherever that crop is often farmed when that crop. As an example, rice is going to be cultivated at intervals seven months to eight months. The remaining time the farm won't be left empty. Another crop could cultivate for the opposite four months.
Identical Twins Facial Recognition System Using Cloud
Authors: Raju Chandrakala G , Hangal Rahul S , R Shashidhara A , D Srinatha T
Published: September 2020

Facial recognition algorithm should be able to work even when the similar looking people are found i.e. also in the extreme case of identical looking twins. An experimental data set which contains 40 images of 20 pairs of twins collected randomly from the internet. The training is done with the selected images of the twins using different training algorithms and inbuilt functions available. The extracted features are stored over the Amazon public cloud. As a part of testing phase random images from the dataset trained are selected and upon running it over the system we get the features of those images which then will be compared by extracting the features already stored in Amazon cloud. The stored values and the current image features are compared and result will be displayed on the GUI. Identical twin’s facial recognition system uses the machine learning, image processing algorithms and deep learning algorithms. Regardless of the conditions of the images acquired, distinguishing identical twins is significantly harder than distinguishing faces that are not identical twins for all the algorithms.
Increasing Efficiency: Case Study of Ready Made Garments in Bangladesh
Authors: Tareque Mr. Mohammad Alam , Islam Nazrul , Roy Shuvashish
Published: September 2020

In this article, we look at recent developments in the Bangladesh garment industry on the issue of efficiency and productivity. First, we were looking for new ideas. How are companies trying to improve their efficiency? Then, we were trying to see if there was a relationship between a companies’ (x) efficiency and cost-saving (a) and increased revenue (y). Of course, intuitively, we would all hypothesise that there must be some relationship between efficiency and reduction of cost of manufacturing and ultimately increased revenue. Further, we would all probably hypothesise that the slope of the function describing that relationship must be significantly higher than zero. Nevertheless, we tried to document the connection so that companies can believe it and give it more attention. Theoretical relationships are one of the weakest ways to try to persuade CEOs of the existence of anything. Show them the numbers, only then they will agree. This paper is an attempt to persuade a readymade garments manufacturing unit to increase efficiency to cut cost and increase revenue, we show that there is a direct causal relation to efficiency and revenue earnings.
Flood Detection and Water Monitoring System Using IOT
Authors: Roy Minakshi , Pradhan Prakar , George Jesson , Pradhan Nikhil
Published: September 2020

Since we are now currently present in an era of Computing Technology, it is essential for everyone and everything to be connected to the internet. IOT is a technology that brings us more and more close to this goal. Our project comprises of a smart water monitoring system which is a small prototype for flood detection and avoidance system. This paper explains the working and the workflow of all the components present inside our project. The sensors sense the environment and sends real-time data to the cloud (firebase cloud) and users can view and access this data via their mobile platform. The model gives a warning after the water level rises to a particular height. Since it is a small scaled prototype for flood detection and avoidance system, the working of this model is good. The data are uploaded and changed in the cloud in precision to the sensor and real-time changes in the mobile application is achieved. This model can be used to greatly reduce the casualties in a devastating event of flood.
Image Segmentation Techniques in Bone Structure Psychiatry
Authors: Adedoyin Ajayi Olayinka , Tawose Olamide Timothy , Adetolaju Olu Sunday
Published: September 2020

Today, a large number of x-ray images are interpreted in hospitals and computer-aided system that can perform some intelligent task and analysis is needed in order to raise the accuracy and bring down the miss rate in hospitals, particularly when it comes to diagnosis of hairline fractures and fissures in bone joints. This research considered some segmentation techniques that have been used in the processing and analysis of medical images and a system design was proposed to efficiently compare these techniques. The designed system was tested successfully on a hand X-ray image which led to the proposal of simple techniques to eliminate intrinsic properties of x-ray imaging systems such as noise. The performance and accuracy of image segmentation techniques in bone structures were compared and these eliminated time wasting on the choice of image segmentation algorithms. Although there are several practical applications of image segmentation such as content-based image retrieval, machine vision, medical imaging, object detection, recognition tasks, etc., this study focuses on the performance comparison of several image segmentation techniques for medical X-ray images.
RNS Bases in Computer Architecture for DNA Sequence Application
Authors: Olatunbosun L.O. , Adam A.A. , Gbolagade K.A.
Published: September 2020

In this paper we present an RNS algorithm and architecture implementation of gene sequence applications based on an existing RNS arithmetic algorithm. Investigation was made on RNS application and its inherent arithmetic advantages; data conversion algorithm from Decimal/Binary to RNS; the forward conversion; Conversion from RNS to Binary/Decimal; the reverse conversion using the Chinese remainder theorem CRT, conversion from RNS to mixed radix form with capability for effective computation performance, and analysis of Smith Waterman Algorithm based on DNA sequence computing. Its limitations and open issues for future research were highlighted.
Implementation of Big-Data Applications Using Map Reduce Framework
Authors: Sahu kapil , Bhatt Kaveri , Saxena Prof. Amit , Singh Kaptan
Published: September 2020

Clustering As a result of the rapid development in cloud computing, it & fundamental to investigate the performance of extraordinary Hadoop MapReduce purposes and to realize the performance bottleneck in a cloud cluster that contributes to higher or diminish performance. It is usually primary to research the underlying hardware in cloud cluster servers to permit the optimization of program and hardware to achieve the highest performance feasible. Hadoop is founded on MapReduce, which is among the most popular programming items for huge knowledge analysis in a parallel computing environment. In this paper, we reward a particular efficiency analysis, characterization, and evaluation of Hadoop MapReduce Word Count utility. The main aim of this paper is to give implements of Hadoop map-reduce programming by giving a hands-on experience in developing Hadoop based Word-Count and Apriori application. Word count problem using Hadoop Map Reduce framework. The Apriori Algorithm has been used for finding frequent item set using Map Reduce framework.
Machine Learning for Database Management Systems
Authors: N Sai Tanishq
Published: September 2020

Machine Learning (ML) is transforming the world with research breakthroughs that are leading to the progress of every field. We are living in an era of data explosion. This further improves the output as data that can be fed to the models is more than it has ever been. Therefore, prediction algorithms are now capable of solving many of the complex problems that we face by leveraging the power of data. The models are capable of correlating a dataset and its features with an accuracy that humans fail to achieve. Bearing this in mind, this research takes an in-depth look into the of the problem- solving potential of ML in the area of Database Management Systems (DBMS). Although ML hallmarks significant scientific milestones, the field is still in its infancy. The limitations of ML models are also studied in this paper.
A Genome based Detection and Classification of Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Ray Chhanda , Sasmal Ankita
Published: September 2020

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) infection has become a global threat in recent time. Many researchers have been dedicated to control COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, an effective method is presented for detection and classification of COVID-19 infection based on genome sequences. First, the COVID-19 infection is detected based on the induction of changes in the DNA microarray gene expression pattern of the host during and after infection and comparing it with DNA sequences of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). In order to analyse DNA microarray gene expression data, a bi-directional string matching algorithm is used and the analytical result is represented in terms of eight-directional chain code sequence. At the end of the work, an approach for categorization of Coronavirus infection is provided based on the distribution probabilities of eight-directional chain code sequences correspond to DNA microarray gene expression data of different Corona viruses by taking random samples from the GenBank. The categorization of Coronavirus infection will be helpful for forecasting rate of mortality, rate of infection, severity of the infection and other issues related to COVID-19.
The Changing Perception of the African Woman towards Patriarchy and Masculinity
Authors: Taku Catherine Arrey-Ngang
Published: September 2020

Patriarchy is a social structure in which men are the primary holders of power, and are preponderate in roles of local authority, political leadership, economic power and control of property. Several African literary productions focus on the suffering of women in such patriarchal setup with men being very domineering and women oppressed; the man is always at the helm with the woman being the silent observer. In most cases, property and family name are passed down within the male line of inheritance. Basically, men are in charge. This article however exposes the changing awareness of today’s African woman from one who is governed to being more in control of her surroundings. Using two African plays: Ola Rotimi’s Our Husband Has Gone Mad Again and Anne Tanyi Tang’s Eneta vs Elimo, we argue that women have evolved from being disenfranchised dependents and voiceless recipients to assertive and productive contributors in their families and society. Deconstruction and Nego-feminism are applied here to reveal how women negotiate their way through patriarchy as a means of achieving their goals of empowerment and determination to effect socio-political change.