bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The psychometric properties of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) regarding Internet gaming disorder in a general population of Chinese adults
Authors: Lau Joseph T. F. , Dang Le , Cheung Ray Y. H. , Zhang Meng Xuan , Chen Juliet Honglei , Wu Anise M. S.
Published: September 2020

Background and aims

Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has been recognized as a mental illness. Cognitive and emotional illness representations affect coping and health outcomes. Very little is known about such perceptions related to IGD, in both general and diseased populations. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) for IGD in a general population that included mostly non-cases while a small proportion of the sample was IGD cases.

Methods

An anonymous cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted in a random sample of 1,501 Chinese community-dwelling adults (41.3% male; mean age = 40.42, SD = 16.85) in Macao, China.

Results

The confirmatory factor analysis identified a modified 6-factor model (i.e., timeline cyclical, consequences, personal control, treatment control, illness coherence, and emotional representations) of 26 items that showed satisfactory model fit and internal consistency. Criterion-related validity was supported by the constructs' significant correlations with stigma (positive correlations: timeline cyclical, consequence, emotional representations; negative correlations: illness coherence). Ever-gamers, compared to never-gamers, reported higher mean scores in the subscales of personal control and illness coherence, and lower mean scores in time cyclical, consequence, and emotional representations. Among the sampled gamers, probable IGD cases were more likely than non-IGD cases to perceive IGD as cyclical and involved more negative emotions.

Conclusions

This study shows that the revised 26-item version of IPQ-R is a valid instrument for assessing illness representation regarding IGD in a general population of Chinese adults. It can be used in future research that examines factors of incidence and prevention related to IGD.
Measurement, prevalence, and psychological risk factors associated with addictive food consumption: Development of a new food addiction scale and evidence from a national largescale sample
Authors: Kircaburun Kagan , Ünübol Hüseyin , Sayar Gökben H. , Stavropoulos Vasileios , Griffiths Mark D.
Published: September 2020

Background and aims

To date, a number of studies have investigated the prevalence and correlates of addictive food consumption. However, these studies have mostly relied on models that comprised a narrow range of variables in often small and heterogenous samples. The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively examine the measurement aspects, the prevalence, and the psychological correlates of addictive eating among a largescale national sample of Turkish adults.

Method

Participants (N = 24,380, 50% men, Mage = 31.79 years, age range = 18–81 years) completed a battery of tests including the Food Addiction Risk Questionnaire (FARQ), the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised.

Results

According to analyses conducted, the FARQ had a uni-dimensional factor structure. Based on Item Response Theory (IRT) calculated cut-off scores, 2.3% of the participants were at risk of addictive eating patterns, whilst criteria varied in their discriminating ability. The correlates of addictive food consumption were being male, being younger, having lower education, presenting with higher alcohol use, psychiatric symptoms, alexithymia, positive/negative affect, and anxious attachment.

Conclusion

These results suggest that a minority of Turkish community are at risk for addictive food consumption and that adverse psychological states promote this problematic behavior.
Correlations between mobile phone addiction and anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and poor sleep quality among college students: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Ying , Li Guangxiao , Liu Li , Wu Hui
Published: September 2020

Background and aims

Mobile phone addiction (MPA) is frequently reported to be correlated with anxiety, depression, stress, impulsivity, and sleep quality among college students. However, to date, there is no consensus on the extent to which those factors are correlated with MPA among college students. We thus performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively synthesize the previous findings.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Chinese Biological Medicine (CBM) databases from inception to August 1, 2020. Pooled Pearson's correlation coefficients between MPA and anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and sleep quality were calculated by R software using random effects model.

Results

Forty studies involving a total of 33, 650 college students were identified. Weak-to-moderate positive correlations were found between MPA and anxiety, depression, impulsivity and sleep quality (anxiety: summary r = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.34–0.45, P < 0.001, I2 = 84.9%; depression: summary r = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.32–0.40, P < 0.001, I2 = 84.2%; impulsivity: summary r = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.28–0.47, P < 0.001, I2 = 94.7%; sleep quality: summary r = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.22–0.33, P < 0.001, I2 = 85.6%). The pooled correlations revealed some discrepancies when stratified by some moderators. The robustness of our findings was further confirmed by sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions

The current meta-analysis provided solid evidence that MPA was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and sleep quality. This indicated that college students with MPA were more likely to develop high levels of anxiety, depression, and impulsivity and suffer from poor sleep quality. More studies, especially large prospective studies, are warranted to verify our findings.
Az új típusú koronavírus okozta megbetegedés (COVID–19): összefoglaló hematológusoknak I. – virológia, molekuláris patogenezis és klinikum
Authors: Szabó Bálint Gergely , Bobek Ilona , Réti Marienn , Gopcsa László , Mathiász Dóra , Lakatos Botond , Bekő Gabriella , Pető Mónika , Sinkó János , Mikala Gábor , Kis Zoltán , Szlávik János , Reményi Péter , Vályi-Nagy István
Published: September 2020

Absztrakt:

A COVID–19 a SARS-CoV-2 vírus által okozott, járványosan terjedő, légúti
kiindulású betegség. A kórokozó magas patogenitású, zoonotikus eredetű humán
coronavírus, mely hatékonyan terjed emberről emberre cseppfertőzéssel és közeli
kontaktussal. A medián lappangási idő 5 nap, a maximum 14 nap. A COVID–19
kardinális tünetei a láz, dyspnoe és száraz köhögés. Az esetek 80%-a enyhe
lefolyású, 5%-ban azonban intenzív terápiás ellátás és gépi lélegeztetés válik
szükségessé. A COVID–19 akár súlyos, az egész szervezetre kiterjedő
citokinvihart is kiválthat, mely gyors beavatkozás nélkül végzetes kimenetelű
lehet. Jelen összefoglaló – melyet a diagnosztikai és terápiás szempontokat
tárgyaló társközlemény követ – a betegséggel kapcsolatban 2020. május 25-ig
elérhető legfőbb nemzetközi és hazai irodalmi eredményeket ismerteti;
elsősorban, de nem kizárólag hematológus kollégák számára.
A SARS-CoV2-járvány hatása a hazai vérellátásra
Authors: Tordai Attila , Nagy Sándor , Baróti-Tóth Klára , Marton Imelda , Lázár Mária , Demeter Judit , Masszi Tamás , Matusovits Andrea
Published: September 2020

Absztrakt:

A súlyos akut légúti szindrómát kiváltó, új típusú koronavírus, a SARS-CoV2 olyan
példátlan világjárványt okozott, amely szélsőséges terhelést jelent a még a
legfejlettebb országok egészségügyi rendszereire is és azok társadalmaira. Az
újonnan emberi kórokozóvá váló vírus ellen sem védőoltás, sem hatékony célzott
terápia nem áll rendelkezésre. A járványhelyzetre reagálva a világszerte, köztük
Magyarországon is, meghozott szigorú korlátozások a vérellátás tevékenységét
egyfelől a donációs hajlandóság és aktivitás kifejezett csökkenése, másfelől a
felhasználók igényeinek nehezebben jósolható csökkenése révén érintették. Az
OVSz országos adatai szerint a vörösvérsejt-, illetve plazmakészítmények
felhasználása mintegy 30%-os, míg a thrombocytakészítményeké mintegy 20%-os
csökkenést mutatott 2020. április hónapban az előző év azonos időszakához
képest. Ugyanebben az időszakban a mobil véradási események száma országosan
61%-kal, a véradásra megjelent donorok száma pedig 28%-kal csökkent. A korábban
járványt okozó légúti vírusokkal és a SARS-CoV2-vel is meglevő klinikai
tapasztalatok alapján nem valószínűsíthető az új koronavírus hematogén úton
történő átvitele, így a véradás előtti szűrés sem indokolt a potenciálisan
fertőzöttek kiszűrését segítő általános óvintézkedések betartása mellett. A
hematológiai betegellátásban a vérkészítmények felhasználásának csökkenése
kisebb mértékű volt, és kifejezett szóródást mutatott a vizsgált szegedi és
budapesti egyetemi központok összehasonlításában. Az új kórokozó elleni vakcina
és célzott kezelés hiányában a SARS-CoV2 elleni konvaleszcens plazmaterápia
ígéretes és racionális, azonnal hozzáférhető terápiás lehetőség. Az FDA
kivételesen gyorsan meghozott bátorító állásfoglalása és irányelve hatására több
párhuzamos, nagyobb esetszámú és a korszerű klinikai kutatási szempontokat is
figyelembe vevő, a SARS-CoV2 elleni konvaleszcens plazmaterápiára irányuló
klinikai vizsgálat indult az USA-ban és más nyugati országokban, köztük
Magyarországon is a vérellátó szolgálatok aktív részvételével.
Szelenoészter-származékok daganatellenes és rezisztenciamódosító hatásának vizsgálata epidemiológiailag releváns daganatsejt-modellrendszerek felhasználásával
Authors: Gajdács Márió
Published: September 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: A szerves szelénvegyületekről számos kutatás
bizonyítja, hogy képesek modulálni az emlőssejtek intracelluláris redox
homeosztázisát, így hatékony és szelektív daganatellenes szerek lehetnek, mivel
a daganatos sejtek érzékenyebbek a külső oxidatív stresszhatásokra.
Célkitűzés: Újszerű szerkezettel rendelkező szerves
szelénvegyületek daganatellenes és MDR-visszafordító hatásának vizsgálata
különböző daganatsejtes modellrendszerek felhasználásával in
vitro. Módszer: A vegyületek citotoxikus
aktivitását MTT módszerrel határoztuk meg, az ABCB1 efflux transzporter gátlását
rhodamin 123 akkumulációs vizsgálattal tanulmányoztuk áramlási citometriás
módszerrel. A vegyületek apoptózist indukáló hatását Annexin V-FITC módszerrel
határoztuk. OSIRIS Molecular Property Explorer és PreADMET 2.0 alkalmazásával
becsültük meg a vegyületek fizikai-kémiai és in vivo
abszorpciós tulajdonságait. Eredmények: Adott szerkezeti
elemekkel (négy vegyület: egy ciklusos szelenoanhidrid és három
alkil-keton-szelenoészter) rendelkező szelénvegyületek hatékonynak bizonyultak
minden vizsgálatban, míg mások csökkent vagy semmilyen aktivitást nem mutattak;
ezek a vegyületek erős citotoxikus hatásúak voltak a nanomoláris tartományban,
emellett hatékonyan gátolták az ABCB1 efflux pumpát. A vegyületek
lipofilitásának fontos szerepe van az effluxpumpa működésének befolyásolásában.
A ciklikus szelenoanhidrid hatékony korai apoptózist indukáló vegyület volt, míg
az alkil-keton szelenoészterek nekrotikus folyamatokat indukáltak.
Következtetések: Kísérleteink rávilágíttotak a szelén
központi szerepére a rákellenes és az MDR-visszafordító hatás szempontjából. A
vegyületek pontos molekuláris hatásmechanizmusa még nem ismert: azt
feltételezhetjük, hogy a szelénvegyületek aktivitása a szelenoészter csoport
hidrolíziséhez köthető. Eredményeink alapján az ígéretes vegyületek további
származékainak szintézise és biológiai hatásának vizsgálata indokolt lehet.
RANKING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS IN TURKEY BASED ON THE METHODS OF MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING ANALYSIS
Authors: TEBER Ahmet , KARAKAŞ Ahmet
Published: September 2020

The diversity less among the Alternative Energy Resources Technology Programs (AERTPs) in Turkey makes giving the “proper” decision by high school senior students hard. Literature review exhibits that there exists a larger than expected necessity for a ranking system of the two-year programs in vocational schools in Turkey so as identifying two-year programs compared to others. In this strategic decision context, it is especially important for the students to make a suitable decision associated with their higher education. Therefore, this study focuses on developing a specific ranking system of two-year energy programs in Turkey. In order to classify the programs, most important decision criteria should be required. In this aspect, a survey is applied on a hundred high school senior students to recognize which multi-criteria for selection an energy program they pick. Thus, the survey makes this study is more applicable to build a foundation for a field based ranking system in Turkey. In this regard, a framework for ranking of AERTPs during the academic year of 2019 in Turkey is accomplished using three methods of Multi-Criteria Decision Making Analysis including Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS).
6. SINIF SOSYAL BİLGİLER DERS KİTABINDA ÖNERİLEN EDEBî ÜRÜNLERİN ÖĞRENME ALANLARINDA YER ALAN DEĞERLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: SEÇGİN Fadime , KAPAN Ayşe
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada 2018 - 2019 eğitim öğretim yılında Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) tarafından hazırlanan 6. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitabında önerilen edebî ürünlerin öğrenme alanı içerisinde yer alan değerleri ne düzeyde içerdiklerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma materyallerini 2018-2019 yılında 6. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitabında önerilen 6 kitap oluşturmaktadır. 6. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitabındaki önerilen kitaplar ve bu kitapların önerildiği öğrenme alanları içinde verilmesi istenilen değerler; “Sol Ayağım” kitabında “Dayanışma ve Yardımseverlik” değeri, ”Peygamberimizin Hayatı” ve “Alparslan Çift Başlı Kartallar” kitaplarında “Kültürel Mirasa Duyarlılık” değeri, “Denizler Altında 20.000 Fersah” kitabında “Bilimsellik” değeri, “Başarı Öyküleri” kitabında “Vatanseverlik, Doğal Çevreye Duyarlılık ve Sorumluluk” değerleri, “Çanakkale'nin Kadın Kahramanı Safiye Hüseyin” kitabında ise “eşitlik” değeri şeklindedir. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi kullanılmış; veriler analiz edilirken ise içerik analizi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; “Sol Ayağım” kitabında “Yardımseverlik ve Dayanışma” değerinin verilebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. “Peygamberimizin Hayatı” ve “Alparslan Çift Başlı Kartallar” kitaplarında “Kültürel Mirasa” ait unsurlara yer verildiği fakat bu unsurlara duyarlı olmaya yani “Kültürel Mirasa Duyarlılık” değerine yer verilmediği görülmüştür. “Denizler Altında 20.000 Fersah” kitabı “Bilimsellik” değerini vermek için kullanılabilir. “Başarı Öyküleri” adlı kitapta öğrenme alanında yer alan “Vatanseverlik, Doğal Çevreye Duyarlılık ve Sorumluluk” değerine ait bulgular bulunmakla birlikte kitapta yer alan hikâyelerin hepsinde bu değerlere rastlanmamaktadır. “Çanakkale’nin Kadın Kahramanı Safiye Hüseyin” kitabı “Eşitlik” değerini çok fazla vurgulamamaktadır.
Medical rehabilitation: a study of problems of legal definition. The intersection of the concepts of medical rehabilitation, prevention and treatment
Authors: Gameeva E. V. , Kostin A. A. , Alekseeva G. S. , Ogneva E. U. , Gabay P. G. , Pashigorova L. V. , Kalita E. V.
Published: September 2020

Purpose of the study. To analyze the legal issues, related to the definition of «medical rehabilitation» established in Russian legislation. Materials and methods. A comparative review of the definitions "medical rehabilitation" formulated by World Health Organization and the Russian legislator is made. The main problems of the legal definition of "medical rehabilitation" are studied, including: the problem of distinguishing between "medical rehabilitation" and "treatment". Results. The definition of the term "medical rehabilitation" and terminology used for medical rehabilitation are not consistent in Russian law (legislation still includes such archaic definitions as "rehabilitation treatment" and "rehabilitation medicine"). There is also no unified approach to the question of whether medical rehabilitation is a part of treatment or whether it is an independent stage of medical care. The boundaries between the concepts of "medical rehabilitation" and "treatment" are blurred. Conclusion. The absence of clear boundaries between the definitions of “medical rehabilitation” and “treatment” leads to the risk of violation of licensing requirements by medical organizations, because to determine the list of works (services) to be licensed, it is necessary to correctly determine the specifics of the services provided. The correct classification of a service as medical rehabilitation or medical treatment also effects on the specialization of the involved medical specialists, as well as on the allocated structural units of medical organization. The analysis shows that the main difference between treatment and rehabilitation is the approach. The approach to rehabilitation is broader, it’s primary goal is to return the patient to his previous social status, rather than clinical recovery. At the same time, the main difficulty in distinguishing the mentioned above definitions is related to the fact that the method underlying the medical service is actually licensed, but the same tools and methods can be used both in treatment and medical rehabilitation. Due to these ambiguities, it appears that the current legislation needs to be improved.
Professional view of doctors on improving the organization of radiation research for cancer patients
Authors: Lomakov S. Yu.
Published: September 2020

Purpose of the study.To form proposals for improving the organization of the radiology diagnostics service in Oncology.Materials and methods.In 2019, the opinion of radiation diagnostics doctors (n=230) on the availability and quality of radiation studies for cancer patients was studied. The obtained empirical data were statistically processed with the calculation of intensive and extensive indicators, average values (M±δ) with a risk of error of 0.05. The student's t-test was used to assess the statistical significance of differences. The original data had a normal distribution. Individual parameters of the research results were given a score.Results.Radiologists highly rated the quality of their primary specialization for working with cancer patients (4.6 ± 0.3 points) and further postgraduate education (4.2 ± 0.8 points), but 38.6% need to deepen this knowledge. The respondents indicated that patients are not sufficiently informed about radiation studies, including: about the methods (67.3%); about contraindications (34.3%); about the procedure for obtaining a conclusion (30.8%); about the established waiting times (21.7%); about the procedure for pre-registration (15.6%). 33.9% of doctors pointed to the unreasonableness of radiological examinations in certain cases in cancer patients. According to the respondents, it will improve the quality and availability of medical care for cancer patients: additional training of radiologists (70.0%) and clinicians (42.6%); equipping medical institutions (38.2%), a separate procedure for routing cancer patients to radiological research (44.7%); increasing the staff of radiologists (36.1%) and nurses (17.4%); using telemedicine technologies (31,7%); excluding cases of unjustified referral of patients to research (27.3%); uninterrupted operation of medical equipment (27.3%).Conclusion.The results of the study revealed systemic shortcomings in the organization of the radiation diagnostics service in providing medical care to patients with cancer, the elimination of which will improve the system of organizing medical care for them, improve its quality and accessibility.
Regional clinical and economic model of colorectal cancer screening
Authors: Nesterov P. V. , Ukharskiy A. V. , Kislov N. V.
Published: September 2020

Purpose of the study. To evaluate the clinical and economic efficiency of colorectal cancer screening model in the Yaroslavl region. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, we have given a clinical and economic assessment of the existing approach to the diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer. We have also developed a clinical and economic model of colorectal cancer screening strategy in the Yaroslavl region. After that, we made a comparative assessment between the strategies on such parameters as total costs, efficiency, and CER coefficient. Results. The strategy for the absence of colorectal cancer screening has a cost-effectiveness rate equal to 246 712 rubles (3820$)/LYG, with the value of added years of life in 2.9 years. According to our calculations, the implementation of the program of screening of CRC based on fecal occult blood immunochemical method, followed by the implementation of colonoscopy in the case of a positive result, will require an increase in funding for patients with colon cancer by 6.9% per year. At the same time, by changing the structure of morbidity and increasing the part of early forms in the implementation of the screening program, an increase in the estimated life expectancy of patients will be achieved, which is consistent with the long-term results of programs conducted in Europe and the United States. The CER for the screening strategy is 103.95 thousand rubles (2030$) / LYG. Long-term modeling shows that the introduction of screening program will reduce the incidence of CRC by 12% from the baseline by the 15th year of implementation and reduce the cost of diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer by 16.1% per year without taking into account inflation expectations. Conclusion. The introduction of a colorectal cancer-screening program at the regional level is clinically effective and cost-effective.
Carotid endarterectomy with extended lesion: formation of a new bifurcation according to A.V.Pokrovsky or autoarterial reconstruction according to A.A.Karpenko?
Authors: Kazantsev A. N. , Chernykh K. P. , Zarkua N. E. , Leader R. Yu. , Kubachev K. G. , Bagdavadze G. Sh. , Kalinin E. Yu. , Zaitseva T. E. , Chikin A. E. , Linets Yu. P.
Published: September 2020

Purpose of the study.Comparison of hospital and long-term results of autoarterial reconstruction of carotid artery bifurcation and the formation of a new bifurcation with an extended atherosclerotic lesion of the internal carotid artery (ICA).Materials and methods.In the period from January 2018 to May 2020, this cohort, comparative, prospective, open-label study included 279 patients with an extended atherosclerotic lesion of the ICA operated on in the Alexandr Hospital. Depending on the implemented strategy of surgical correction, all patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=132) — autoarterial reconstruction of bifurcation of the carotid arteries; Group 2 (n=147) — the formation of a new bifurcation. Complications were recorded in the hospital and long-term postoperative periods. The total follow-up period was 16.4±9.3 months. The endpoints of the study were such adverse cardiovascular events as death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, thrombosis / restenosis of the anastomosis zone, combined endpoint (death from stroke / IM + IM + stroke).Results.The ICA clamping time in group 1 was 32.6±3.3 minutes, in group 2 – 31.7±3.5 minutes, which did not receive statistically significant differences (р=0.81). In the hospital postoperative period, adverse cardiovascular events were not recorded. In the long-term follow-up, the groups were comparable in the frequency of all complications. Identified lethal outcomes developed as a result of the formation of MI in patients with multiple lesions of the coronary arteries and a history of myocardial revascularization. The likely cause was shunt / stent thrombosis with subsequent coronary insufficiency and an increase in ischemic heart damage. The causes of stroke, recorded in each group in isolated cases, were the presence of atrial fibrillation. Patients did not comply with the recommended regimen of anticoagulant therapy, which provoked the development of cerebral catastrophe. In turn, the identified restenoses of the reconstruction zone were asymptomatic and were also observed in isolated cases in each group in the period 12 months after CEE.Conclusion.Autoarterial reconstruction of carotid bifurcation and the formation of a new bifurcation are comparable in safety and effectiveness methods of surgical treatment of an extended atherosclerotic lesion of the ICA. Operation techniques differ in the choice of an artery that is cut off from bifurcation — the external carotid artery or ICA. Further, the reconstruction progress is absolutely identical. Hospital and long-term follow-up results showed minimal indicators of the development of cardiovascular and hemodynamic changes due to the type of operation. Thus, both reconstruction techniques can be the operation of choice for an extended ICA lesion.
Role of percutaneous testis biopsy in management of patients with azoospermia
Authors: Gasanov N. G. , Gamidov S. I. , Shatylko T. V. , Popova A. Yu. , Makarova N. P. , Ushakova I. V. , Loran O. B.
Published: September 2020

Purpose of the study. To determine the practical value of puncture methods for obtaining spermatozoa in azoospermia. Patients and methods. The results of 127 puncture biopsies of testis (TESA) and testicular appendage (PESA) in patients with azoospermia of presumably obstructive origin were analyzed. The sperm production frequency (SPF) was calculated, as well as the frequency of transition to an open testicular biopsy. Was built a logistic regression model to analyze factors influencing the result, TESA / PESA, which included as independent variables the following parameters: patient age, duration of involuntary infertility, the level of sex hormones (testosterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, progesterone, inhibin B), the total volume of testes, presence of varicocele, the presence of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, a history of alcohol abuse, Smoking, regular violation of the thermal mode, surgery in the inguinal and scrotal region. Indicators of the probability ratio (PR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were obtained. Results. 92 biopsy attempts out of 127 were successful, and the NPV was 72.4%. Independent statistically significant predictors of PESA / TESA success were testicular volume (PR = 1.113; 95% CI = 1.026–1.207) and inhibin b level (PR = 1.026; 95% CI = 1.011–1.041). In 35 patients whose spermatozoa were not found during the puncture biopsy, conversion to open microsurgical biopsy was performed. Conclusion. PESA and TESA have only limited effectiveness in azoospermia. We believe that puncture biopsy of the testicles and epididymis is justified only in patients with normal testicular volume and high levels of inhibin B. PESA / TESA should be performed in conditions that allow immediate transition to an open biopsy in case of failure.
Epidemiology of kidney disease in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Kulchenko N. G.
Published: September 2020

At the turn of 2019–2020, humanity was struck by a new viral infection SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), which quickly spread in many countries and reached the scale of a pandemic. A feature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) is it’s high contagiousness, virulence and tropism to many cells of human organs. Human infection primarily occurs through the respiratory tract. Then, getting into the respiratory divisions, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) can enter the blood and interact with cells of other organs. It is already known that COVID-19 uses the angiotensin converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) receptor to enter the cell, and ACE2 is highly expressed in the kidneys. Therefore, kidney disease is a risk factor for COVID-19 infection, exacerbating the clinical course of the disease. This article discusses the main aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of kidney diseases in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Since there is currently no specific vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and there is no effective drug for the treatment of COVID-19, the identification of risk factors and early medical correction of kidney diseases can help reduce the overall incidence and mortality. Conclusion. Early detection and correction of violations of filtration and excretory function of the kidneys, including adequate hemodynamic support and restriction of nephrotoxic drugs, can improve the prognosis of recovery of a patient with COVID-19.
Information technology for the analysis of CT perfusion in assessing the effectiveness of treatment for glioblastoma
Authors: Balandina A. V. , Zelter P. M. , Kapishnikov A. V. , Kozlov S. V. , Kolsanov A. V. , Chaplygin S. S.
Published: September 2020

Purpose of the study.To develop an information technology for calculating perfusion computed tomography parameters and to evaluate the effectiveness of using the proposed program in the differential diagnosis of continued glioblastoma growth and post-radiation necrosis.Materials and methods.We examined 53 patients who were treated at the Samara Clinical Oncological Dispensary. All patients underwent CT scan in perfusion mode. The results of using the program were compared with the data that were calculated on the workstation of the GE Discovery CT750 HD computed tomograph.Results.Significant differences were found in CBV and CBF perfusion indices in groups with continued growth and post-radiation necrosis, verified by biopsy. The parameters calculated using the developed program did not differ significantly from the results obtained on a standard workstation.Conclusion.The application of the developed computer program for the analysis of CT perfusion does not depend on the equipment manufacturer, works with standard DICOM data, which increases the availability of a valuable diagnostic method. The results obtained using the proposed information technology make it possible to differentiate the continued growth of glioblastoma from post-radiation necrosis.
Surgical treatment of patients with renal cell cancer complicated by specific (tumor) and non-specific thrombosis of the inferior Vena cava
Authors: Vorobev N. V. , Ashyrova F. S. , Golovashchenko M. P. , Petrov L. O. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: September 2020

Among malignant neoplasms, kidney cancer occupies one of the first places in terms of the growth rate of incidence in Russia. Despite the possibilities of modern diagnostic research methods, the number of patients with common forms of the disease does not decrease. In 5–10% of cases, renal cell carcinoma is complicated by the formation of a tumor clot in the inferior Vena cava (VCI), which requires volume surgery — nephrectomy with thrombectomy, which is the only effective treatment option for this group of patients. Previously, the results of treatment of locally advanced kidney cancer were unsatisfactory due to the high incidence of complications and mortality after extended surgical interventions. However, improving the operation technique requires a re-evaluation of previous representations. Performing a nephrectomy with a VCI thrombectomy is not an easy task and is often associated not only with technical difficulties due to the need for mobilization, control and resection of the inferior Vena cava, but also with the risk of intra — and postoperative complications. The most difficult task is the choice of surgical tactics for descending non-tumor hemorrhagic thrombosis. As a result of long-term tumor obstruction, organized blood clots that are soldered to the intima of the vessel often spread to the common iliac veins and, as a rule, are technically impossible to remove. If the VCI is preserved, a residual hemorrhagic blood clot in the area of its confluence is a potential source of pulmonary embolism (PE), for the prevention of which mechanical plication is used. This maneuver does not lead to the development of clinically significant chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremities (CVI NC), postoperative VCI or PE thrombosis. Despite the technical complexity of the operation and the difficult course of the postoperative period, surgical treatment of renal cell cancer complicated by tumor thrombosis is certainly justified. This article presents a clinical case of surgical treatment of a patient with renal cell cancer complicated by massive specific (tumor) and non-specific thrombosis in the presence of reduced parenchymalexcretory function of the contralateral kidney and severe cardiac pathology. Goal: to share experience and demonstrate the results of successful surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma.
Efficacy assessment of levetiracetam monotherapy in newly-diagnosed epilepsy in adults using epileptiform activity index
Authors: Karlov V. A. , Kozhokaru A. B. , Vlasov P. N. , Samoilov A. S. , Udalov Yu. D.
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Levetiracetam (LEV) is one of the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drugs (AED). However, there were no studies on its efficacy and safety in terms of the correlation with epileptiform activity index (EAI) performed among the Russian population.

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of LEV monotherapy in patients with newly-diagnosed epilepsy using epileptiform activity index (EAI) assessment.

Materials and methods. The study included 107 patients (46 (43.0%) male and 61 (57.0%) female) with focal epilepsy (FE) (39.3%; n=42) or idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) (60.7%; n=65). At each visit, video-electroencephalographic (video-EEG) monitoring was performed (baseline and in 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of the therapy). Therapeutic drug monitoring was performed at dose titration in 1 month of the therapy or in case of therapy correction. Treatment efficacy was assessed using the criteria of seizure absence (medically induced remission), seizure rate decrease by >50% (responders), seizure rate decrease by <50% – insufficient efficacy, a composite index of efficacy/tolerability (retention on treatment), and seizure rate increase compared to baseline and/or development of a new type of seizures (aggravation). Adverse events (AE) were assessed using the scale for side effects in AED treatment (SIDAED).

Results. Total EAI at baseline was 5.2-fold higher in patients with IGE compared to FE patients (23.4±3.0 and 4.5±0.97, respectively). After 1 month of LEV therapy, EAI decreased to 3.4±1.1 and 1.9±0.4 in patients with IGE and FE, respectively (p<0.01). The decrease continued during the whole follow-up period. Retention on monotherapy was achieved in 82.2% (n=88/107) patients; in 87.6% (n=57/65) patients with IGE and in 73.8% (n=31/42) with FE. The rate of serious AEs during the follow-up period was 8.4% (n=9).

Conclusions. LEV is an effective drug of choice for the initial treatment of newly-diagnosed FE and IGE in monotherapy along with a significant decrease in EAI. EAI is an objective measure of LEV treatment efficacy.
The role of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in neuroimaging in children with focal epilepsy
Authors: Polyanskaya M. V. , Demushkina A. A. , Kostylev F. A. , Vasilyev I. G. , Chadaev V. A. , Zavadenko N. N. , Alikhanov A. A.
Published: September 2020

Aim. To approve of diagnostic effectiveness of SWAN (SWI) images in revealing of calcium containing epileptogenic substrates in children with resistant focal epilepsy.

Materials and methods. The results of MRI in children with refractory focal epilepsy obtained in the Radiology Department of the Russian State Children Hospital in the period from 2018 to 2020 were observed retrospectively. High-resolution epileptological MR protocol used for investigation of 67 children. SWAN was applied in all cases for identification of calcium containing epileptogenic substrates, including cavernomas, DVA syndrome, cortical gangliogliomas, Sturge-Weber syndrome and tuberous sclerosis complex. All images were received by using MRI 3T 750 W Discovery GE.

Results. In 17 cases (25%) SWAN provided important diagnostic information about the nature of the of epileptogenic lesion, its prevalence and borders. Additional earlier invisible structural changes were revealed in 2 cases of SWS and 1 cases of FCD; and in 13 cases SWAN gave us possibility to avoid CT for approving calcium in epileptogenic focus.

Conclusion. We believe that adding SWAN in to the epileptological MR protocol is the necessary step for optimizing calcium and blood degradation products identification in the structure of potential epileptogenic focuses. Moreover, it would be very effective instrument for differential diagnosis of cerebral structural changes, specifying its etiology and, hence, would have influence on the therapeutic tactic and surgical strategy in children with focal epilepsy.
Epileptic myoclonus
Authors: Mironov M. B. , Burd S. G. , Rubleva Yu. V. , Krasilshchikova T. M. , Tairova R. T.
Published: September 2020

The article presents the main definitions, classification, and electroclinical characteristics of epileptic myoclonus.
Bioethical management of patients with epilepsy: sex and age-related aspects
Authors: Mikhalovska-Karlova E. P.
Published: September 2020

Aim. The study aimed to motivate doctors for ethical management of patients with epilepsy, to study the real picture of the application of values and principles of bioethics during the treatment of patients with epilepsy, and to develop an algorithm of ethical management of patients taking into account sex and age-related factors.

Materials and Methods. Content analysis of historical documents and publications in Russian neurological journals was performed. The sociological study included observation, a questionnaire survey of post-graduate students and junior and senior students of medical institutions, standardized and non-standardized interviewing of 211 neurologists, and 265 pediatric neurologists.

Results. In their clinical practice, 60% of the interviewed in 2017-2019 followed the principles of respect for the private autonomy of patients and their human dignity. 55% of responders followed partner and negotiation models of interaction with patients. More than 97% of respondents from these groups try to follow the principles of bioethics. However, more than 50% of them could not name classic and special principles of bioethics for their category of patients; 29% could not identify the type of model that they use in their work with patients; 75% of pediatric neurologists significantly lacked knowledge in the area of bioethics and practical skills in their application in patients’ management.

Conclusion. The study revealed controversy between the increased motivation of doctors to ethical management and an insignificant level of knowledge in the area of bioethics and its practical implementation. To reduce this controversy, it is necessary to develop a system of continuous ethical education.
A erosão da participação social institucionalizada em tempos de crise da democracia liberal: a reformulação do Conselho Nacional de Combate à Discriminação
Authors: Almeida Marcos Felipe Lopes de , Rosa Waleska Marcy
Published: September 2020

Resumo: o presente trabalho busca investigar a reformulação do Conselho Nacional de Combate à Discriminação no cenário de crise da democracia representativa liberal. Para isso, são apresentados os aspectos da referida crise, bem como se analisa o Decreto Federal nº 9759/2019, que extinguiu órgãos colegiados da administração pública federal brasileira. Por meio de estudo de caso e da técnica da análise documental, comparam-se os desenhos institucionais do Conselho Nacional de Combate à Discriminação, antes e depois do Decreto Federal nº 9883/2019, que o reformulou. Por fim, verificou-se que houve limitação da partilha de poder com a sociedade civil, com adoção de visão de que as iniciativas participativas são antagônicas ao modelo de democracia representativa liberal.Palavras-chave: participação social, crise da democracia liberal, democracia contrahegemônica, conselho de políticas públicas.Abstract: The present work seeks to investigate the reformulation of Nation Council for Combating Discrimination amidst the crisis of liberal-representative democracy. To do that, the aspects of this crisis are presented, as well as the analysis of Federal Decree n. 9759/2019, which extinguished collegial organizations in the Brazilian federal public administration. Using case study and document analysis technique, the institutional designs of the National Council for Combating Discrimination are compared, before and after the Federal Decree n. 9883/2019, that reformulated it. Finally, it is concluded that there is a limitation of power sharing with civil society, adopting the view that participatory initiatives are antagonistic to the model of liberal-representative democracy.Keywords: social participation, liberal democracy's crisis, counter-hegemonic democracy, public policy council.
A case of incomplete separation of the hymen
Authors: Zabolotsky A. P.
Published: September 2020

Maria R.R. (Medical. Zhurn., No. 593), a peasant woman of the Novgorod province, married, 27 years old, was admitted to the Hospital Obstetric and Gynecological Clinic of prof. K. Ѳ. Slavyansky on September 10, 1891, about complaints of pain in the lower abdomen, difficult and painful urination, lack of blood for two months, constipation and loss of sleep.
Meeting of obstetric and gynecological societies.
Authors: Slavyanskiy K. F.
Published: September 2020

31 members were present: Batsevich, Vasten, Vorobiev, Hermonius, Grinev, Danilovich, Dobradin, Dranitsyn, Zheltukhin, Zabolotskiy, Zamshin, Zmigrodskiy, Kakushkin, Massen, Misevich, Ott, Piotrovykovych, Porshnyakov, Radetskiy R.K., Rachinskiy, Rutkovskiy, Sadovskiy, Salmanov, Serezhnikov, Stravinskiy, Strogonov, Fisher A.R., Fratkin, Shverdlov, Shpyults, Yanpolskiy and 9 guests.
107. Meinert. Drei gynäkologische Fälle von Wundstarrkrampf. (Archiv, f. Gyn. B. 44, p. 381). Three gynecological cases of tetanus.
Authors: Feinberg B. I.
Published: September 2020

Mrs L., 30 years old, 4 years old married. After 3 urgent births, miscarriage in the 2nd month, in 1884. In September of the same year, ecochleatio uteri due to continued bleeding.
Cysts and cystoms of the ovary
Authors: Slaviansky K. F.
Published: September 2020

Ovarian neoplasms from an anatomical point of view are divided into two large groups: epithelial formations and formations of a number of connective tissue, depending on whether the parenchyma or the ovarian stroma is involved in their development. The former include cysts, cystomas, endotheliomas and cancers, while the latter include fibromas, sarcomas, and very rare angiomas, fibroids, enchondromas and osteomas. The sources of the development of ovarian tumors can sometimes also serve as formations that do not actually belong either to its parenchyma or to its stroma, but are only the remnants of organs previously existing during embryonic life that were located next to it. With the passage of time, these organs atrophy and sometimes only appear to have preserved their parts, entering through the hylus ovarii far into its stroma.
Obstetric and Gynecological Society in
St. Petersburg
Authors: Ott D. O.
Published: September 2020

D.O. Ott informed the Society that the chairman and his comrade, on behalf of the Society, had congratulated EF Bidder on his 25th anniversary in the field of scholarship and teaching. All those present reacted very sympathetically to this statement.
Report on my obstetric activity in the zemstvo since February 1885 to January 1893
Authors: Poteenko V.
Published: September 2020

The proposed obstetric report, according to the peculiar conditions of rural zemstvo medical practice, does not differ in particular accuracy and completeness of observations; in most cases, in villages and small towns (like the one where I live now), a doctor is invited only in difficult and advanced cases of childbirth or miscarriage, so very often, for example, there is no time for accurate measurements of the pelvis and other more detailed inquiries of the woman in labor; to all this must be added a mass of other, very varied medical work with a zemstvo doctor.
OBSERVATIONS ABOVE BUBBLE FEED
Authors: Eliasberg E. M.
Published: September 2020

In the pathology of pregnancy, a prominent place is undoubtedly occupied by that anomaly in the development of the ovum, which is known as grape or bladder drift. The etiology of this abnormal development is still unknown. If on the one hand there is evidence that the cause lies in the mother, but it is much more likely that the grape drift is a consequence of the Chorion and Allantois disease. It is well known that syphilis has nothing in common with this disease.
Tuberculosis and indomitable vomiting in pregnant women as indications for emptying the uterus. Old and modern methods of production of the latter and the influence of the former on the indications for this operation.
Authors: Ginzburg N. D.
Published: September 2020

The literature of the named diseases, mainly casuistry, has grown to a considerable size, but the indications for their surgical treatment have not been developed at all; new reports of such cases, especially with a fatal outcome, which do not get into the press very much, will serve to clarify the benefits of an artificial legal interruption of pregnancy in them.
101. Popyalkovskiy, MI Electricity with reflex vomiting of pregnant women (Medical Review. No. 23, 1892)
Authors: Zabolotsky A.
Published: September 2020

The author, listing the methods of faradization and galvanization, used by different authors, indicating the places of application of the electrodes, their form, the combination of their action, the current strength and the duration of the sessions.
102. Dührssen. Der Werth der tiefen Cervix — u. Scheidendamm-Ein-schnite in der Geburtshülfe. (Archiv f. Gynäk. Vol. 44, p. 413). The importance of deep incisions in the cervix, vagina and perineum in obstetrics
Authors: Feinberg B.
Published: September 2020

With the quoted work, Dhrssen completes a number of detailed works on the significance of the above incisions during childbirth. The first work appeared in 1890 (Arch. F. Gyn. Vol. 37, tetra. 1), followed by a continuation and in Therapeut. Monatshefte for May 1890 and in Berlin obstetrician. society (Centr. f. Gyn. 1890, pp. 245 and 283) and at the International Congress in Berlin (Arch. f. Gyn. vol. 39, p. 128).
103. Kuzmin, PI Case of operation episiocleisis with fistula vesico-uretro et recto vaginalis (Medits. Obzr. No. 23, 1892)
Authors: Zabolotskiy A.
Published: September 2020

The small number of episocleisis cases and the controversy surrounding it led the author to report his observation.