bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales: A Comparative Analysis of Available Phenotypic Methods
Authors: Tiwari Neha , Jahan Noor , Singh Snehil , Singh Nidhi , Mishra Nikita , Gupta Prakhar , Pandey Anand
Published: November 2024

Background: Carbapenems serve as a critical last-line defence against infections from multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales. The increasing prevalence of CRE (carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales) poses significant challenges in clinical settings. This greatly complicates the handling of gram-negative bacilli (GNB) infections and represents a significant global health               threat.
Aim: This study evaluates and contrasts different phenotypic techniques used to identify carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales isolated from various clinical samples.
Objectives: To compare the accuracy and reliability of Combined Disc Test (CDT) and Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method/EDTA - Carbapenem Inactivation Method (mCIM/eCIM) in identifying Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing Enterobacterales.
Methods: All clinical specimens submitted for culture and sensitivity testing at the Department of Microbiology were analysed to isolate and identify Enterobacterales. Carbapenemase production was assessed through using the phenotypic CDT Confirmation was carried out using the mCIM and eCIM in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results: During a two-year period, 254 strains of Enterobacterales were isolated. Among those, 80/254 (31.49%) isolates exhibited resistance to the Imipenem (IMP) disc. The CDT identified 30/80 (37.5%) isolates as serine carbapenemase producers and 50/80 (62.5%) isolates as MBL producers. In comparison, the mCIM/eCIM methods detected 26/80 (32.5%) isolates as serine carbapenemase producers, 48/80 (60.0%) isolates as MBL producers, and 6/80 (7.5%) isolates were tested negative for carbapenemase production.
Conclusion: This study evaluates the precision and effectiveness of the mCIM/eCIM and CDT methods for identifying CRE. The combination of the mCIM and eCIM tests may be a more reliable phenotypic method for detecting carbapenemase compared to the CDT.
Optimizing Eri Silkworm Productivity: Evaluating the Performance of Ecoraces of Samia ricini (Donovan) in the East Coastal Condition of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Anujaa.B  , Arivudainambi.S
Published: November 2024

This study investigated raising Eri silkworms, Samia ricini (Donovan) a multi-voltine, domestic moth, traditionally bred indoors and known for its spun silk, in the eastern coast of Tamil Nadu, India. Eri silkworms typically thrive in the northeast regions, but the growing demand for Eri silk has led to exploring new locations for their production.  The eight ecoraces of Eri silkworm i.e. C2, Borduar, Khanapara, Mendipathar, Dhanubanga, Nongpoh, Borduar and Titabar were selected for this study reared on castor plants under varied climatic conditions in Tamil Nadu. The economic and grainage characters such as larval duration, matured larval weight, survival rate, cocoon weight, shell weight, shell ratio, effective rearing rate, rate of pupation, rate of moth emergence, fecundity and hatchability were analyzed. This study revals that C2 ecorace consistently outperformed the other ecoraces, exhibiting superior growth parametrics, cocoon quality, and silk production potential.Findings indicate that optimal temperature and humidity conditions are crucial for enchancing performace, particularly for sensitive ecoraces like Barpathar and Nongpoh, highlighting the importance of ecorace selection and environmental management for sustainable eri silk production.
PONDERAÇÕES ÉTICAS CONCERNENTES ÀS CORRELAÇÕES DA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL COM A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL
Authors: Gonzalez Carlos Eduardo Fortes
Published: November 2024

A Educação Ambiental (EA) é fundamental na conscientização, na formação de valores e para as práticas ambientalmente sustentáveis, propiciando uma Educação para as interações mais harmônicas entre os sistemas naturais e sociais. Com a presença da inteligência artificial (IA) na sociedade surge a necessidade da reflexão ética da relação entre a IA e a EA. A IA tem o potencial de alterar o modo como os conhecimentos ambientais são comunicados, processados e empregados, criando novas oportunidades e provocações para a EA. Neste estudo, analisam-se algumas avaliações éticas sobre as correlações entre a EA e a IA apreciando aspectos como privacidade, justiça social, autonomia e sustentabilidade. Essas questões éticas são essenciais para afiançar que a integração da IA na EA transcorra de modo responsável, equitativo e favorável para a sociedade e os ecossistemas. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica e uma abordagem interdisciplinar, busca-se entender os desafios e oportunidades éticas que aparecem por ocasião da IA aplicada à EA. Com as reflexões éticas, se pode informar e orientar a implementação da IA como uma ferramenta eficaz para a promoção da conscientização ambiental, a tomada de decisões sustentáveis e a ação coletiva a favor do meio ambiente. Destarte, este estudo colaborará para o debate sobre as relações entre a Educação Ambiental e a inteligência artificial, provendo pontos de vista valiosos para educadores, pesquisadores e tomadores de decisão que utilizam a tecnologia de forma ética e responsável para a conscientização e a ação concernentes aos problemas ambientais atuais.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E O PROFESSOR DA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Vieira Lívia Carolina
Published: November 2024

A adoção da Inteligência Artificial (IA) de forma ampliada na educação coincide com um período de expansão significativa da Educação a Distância (EaD) no Brasil. Essa mudança para o ensino virtual, conforme apontado por autores como Lévy e Santaella, oferece oportunidades sem precedentes de aprendizado flexível, mas também demanda dos professores uma compreensão mais ampla das tecnologias. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os impactos do uso de IA em ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem sobre a prática docente, concentrando-se nas pesquisas brasileiras. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, seguindo as diretrizes metodológicas de Marconi e Lakatos (2003). Os resultados mostraram que, dos estudos analisados, apenas Castro (2002) discute uma aplicação específica para auxiliar os professores na EaD. Seu trabalho se concentra no desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para distribuir conhecimentos na internet e fornecer orientações sobre operações do sistema, utilizando conceitos de Inteligência Artificial Distribuída. Embora essas ferramentas possam oferecer benefícios, como a autonomia do professor na organização de conteúdos, também levantam preocupações sobre a reutilização não ética de materiais e metodologias de trabalho. Além disso, outros estudos identificados destacam a importância de debater questões éticas relacionadas à utilização da IA, bem como a necessidade de garantir que os sistemas multiagentes complementem, e não substituam, a presença e o papel dos professores no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Esses achados ressaltam a importância de uma formação docente que inclua tanto o entendimento técnico quanto crítico da IA, e uma agenda de pesquisa e debate contínuo sobre essas questões na área da Educação.
Manajemen pendidikan lingkungan hidup di sekolah adiwiyata mandiri: Studi kasus SMA Negeri 2 Banguntapan
Authors: Giharto Tri , Mariah Siti , Mundilarno Mundilarno
Published: November 2024

Background: Environmental issues such as climate change, pollution, deforestation, and biodiversity loss, which have been exacerbated by human activities, have become a global concern, where education plays a crucial role in raising awareness and fostering more environmentally conscious behavior in society.
Purpose: This research aims to describe the management of environmental education in Adiwiyata Mandiri School at SMA Negeri 2 Banguntapan include planning, organizing, actuating, controlling, and the supporting and inhibiting factors.
Method: This research is a qualitative approach conducted. Techniques of collecting research data are interview, observation and document analysis. The main informants are the Principal, Vice Principal, Environmental Coordinator. Supporting informants are teachers and students. Data analysis technique used in this research is qualitative analysis with stages of data collection, data reduction, data display and conclusion. Techniques of checking the validity of the data used in the research is data triangulation.
Findings: Result of research  indicated that management of Environmental Education in Adiwiyata Mandiri School at SMA Negeri 2 Banguntapan cover planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling have done well. Supporting factor is commitment of the school's residents to environmental education, qualified human resources, facilities and infrastructure, and cooperate with various stake holder. Inhibiting factors are the motivation in developing environmental education is still fluctuating, skills in integrating environmental education in subjects is still limited, and limited funds. The undertakings include new student orientation based on environment, and involving the school's residents in environmental-themed education and training activities.
OECD Ülkelerinde Kentleşme ve Gelir Eşitsizliği
Authors: Bulut Ali Kara , Topcu Ebru
Published: November 2024

Günümüzde kentleşme, hızlı büyüme, teknolojik ilerlemeler ve değişen sosyal dinamiklerle karakterize edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, kentleşmenin sağladığı avantajlar toplumun tüm kesimleri arasında adil dağılmamaktadır. Bu durum gelişmekte olan ve gelişmiş ülkelerde gelir eşitsizliğinde artışlara yol açmaktadır. Dünya nüfusunun yarısından fazlasının kentlerde yaşadığı dikkate alındığında, kentleşme ve gelir eşitsizliği arasındaki karmaşık dinamikleri anlamak, kapsamlı ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma oluşturmayı amaçlayan politika yapıcılar için hayati öneme sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın temel amacı OECD ülkelerinde 2003-2019 döneminde kentleşme ve gelir eşitsizliği arasındaki ilişkinin panel regresyon yöntemi ile incelenmesidir. Sabit etkili Driscoll-Kraay tahmincisinden elde edilen bulgular, kentleşme ile gelir eşitsizliği arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, Kuznets’in (1955) ters U hipotezini desteklemektedir.
Instrucción y refuerzo de la formación en valores como alternativa para mejorar la convivencia dentro de las instituciones educativas
Authors: Cañar Torres María Soledad , Faican Quinche Elizabeth Judith , Lucero Allauca María Martha , Klinger Ortiz Naila Dolores , García Iglesias Luisa Raquel , Barreto Zúñiga William Wladimir
Published: November 2024

El presente estudio analiza la necesidad de reforzar la educación en valores en los estudiantes de la Corporación Educativa San Francisco de Asís, a partir de la percepción de los docentes sobre la convivencia escolar. A través de entrevistas realizadas a 10 docentes, se identificaron factores que influyen negativamente en la educación en valores, como la falta de control parental sobre el contenido que consumen los estudiantes y el entorno familiar disfuncional. Los resultados indican que, aunque la mayoría de los estudiantes presenta una conducta aceptable, una minoría exhibe comportamientos que afectan la convivencia escolar, como actos de violencia y discriminación. Los docentes consideran que la educación en valores es fundamental para regular el comportamiento y fomentar el respeto a la diversidad. Se propone implementar acciones concretas, como la creación de grupos teatrales, el uso de la música como herramienta educativa y el storytelling con figuras influyentes, para concientizar a los estudiantes sobre la importancia de los valores. Estas medidas buscan mejorar la convivencia escolar y contribuir al desarrollo integral de los estudiantes. El estudio concluye que reforzar la educación en valores es una necesidad urgente para enfrentar los desafíos sociales y educativos actuales.
Application of Atomic Layer Deposition in the Quantum Dot
Display
Authors: Kim Min Seok , Lee Hyo Geun , Cho Seong-Yong
Published: November 2024

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is gaining traction in the semiconductor industry
due to its ability to meet the demands of high aspect ratios and densities. This
is attributed to its excellent step coverage and uniformity, which are based on
the self-limiting deposition process. Its applications have expanded to include
various components such as memory device capacitors, gate oxides, metal
barriers, and charge transport channels. Moreover, ALD is being explored for
diverse purposes not only within the semiconductor field but also in displays
and optoelectronics. This review aims to explore the versatility of ALD
deposition methods, widely utilized in the semiconductor industry, and their
potential applications in the display and optoelectronics sectors. Additionally,
we present future prospects for ALD applications in display based on current
approaches.
Propuesta de un humedal artificial superficial para el ITS de Martínez de la Torre.
Authors: López-Ramírez Miguel Ángel , Argüelles-López César , Aguilar-Rodríguez Mario Rafael
Published: November 2024

Uno de los principales problemas a nivel mundial y la principal temática de la Agenda 2030 es la escasez del agua y la contaminación a este recurso provocado por los vertimientos de aguas residuales domésticas, municipales e industriales afectando sus propiedades de manera biológica, química y física degradando de manera indirecta la calidad de los suelos, daños a la biota y la salud. La zona de Martínez de la Torre no es la excepción debido a que no se cuenta con una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales, debido a lo anterior se propone la implementación de un humedal para el tratamiento de las aguas residuales generadas en el Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Martínez de la Torre, esto con la finalidad de reducir la contaminación que estas puedan ocasionar a los ríos, aguas subterráneas y suelos. Dentro de los parámetros de diseño se contemplan parámetros teóricos como son flujo de agua residual generado y contaminantes en el agua, obteniendo como resultado el diseño teórico de un humedal artificial superficial con las siguientes características: 13 m de ancho, 52 m de largo y 30 m de ancho, además de un tiempo de retención de 5 días con 22 horas.
Remoción y cinética de contaminantes básicos en humedales artificiales en serie
Authors: Romellón-Cerino Mario José , Estrada-Pérez Nancy , López-Ocaña Gaspar
Published: November 2024

En la presente investigación se evaluó la distribución espacial y coeficiente cinético de contaminantes básicos en los humedales artificiales (HA) de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la DACBiol-UJAT. Esta consta de cárcamo-sedimentador y dos módulos idénticos con HA en serie de 8.3 m de largo, 2.5 m ancho y 0.5 m de tirante. En ambos trenes el primer HA es de flujo subsuperficial (HAFS) con especie Pontederia cordata (tule), el segundo HA es flujo libre (HAFL) con Thalia geniculata (popal) y el último HAFL con Sagittaria lancifolia (cola de pato). Se realizó la caracterización del medio de soporte, calidad del agua (entrada, salida y puntos internos), modelado de la distribución espacial y cinética de degradación de color, turbiedad y DQO. Ambos trenes operaron con un TRH de 3 días con un Qmed de 8.9±3.4 m3/día. La calidad del agua de entrada del tren 1 presenta una turbiedad promedio de 72.3 UTN, color de 1340.0 UC y DQO con 373 mg/L, así mismo en la entrada del tren 2 la turbiedad promedio es de 69.6 UTN, color de 1,190.3 UC y DQO con 373 mg/L. La constante cinética de degradación se estimó en el tren 1 en 0.52 dias-1 para turbiedad, 0.32 dias-1 para color y 0.58 dias-1 para DQO, para el tren 2 de -0.47 días-1 para turbiedad, -0.24 dias-1 para color y -0.49 dias-1 para DQO. La eficiencia de remoción para turbiedad en el tren 1 fue de 65.6% y el tren 2 de 67.9%, para el color aparente en el tren 1 de 48.8% y tren 2 de 58.3% y en DQO en el tren 1 de 81% y para el tren 2 de 76%. Se cumple con el límite máximo permisible de DQO de acuerdo al PROY-NOM-001-SEMARNAT-2017 que es de 150 mg/L.
Effect of vermicompost on the nutraceutical quality of tender cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica
Authors: Lugo-Palacios Raúl Eduardo , Lugo-Palacios Aaron David , Luna-Ortega J. Guadalupe , Zuñiga-Valenzuela Rafael , Ramírez-Aragón Mercedes Georgina
Published: November 2024

The consumption of tender cladodes knows as “nopalitos” (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Miller.) has increased worldwide. That is because it is an important nutritional source in the human diet given its content of fiber, minerals, vitamins, phenolic compounds and secondary metabolites (antioxidants, phenols and flavonoids), which are essential for human health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of doses of vermicompost (0, 5, 15 and 25 t ha-1) on the yield and nutraceutical quality of tender cladodes of O. ficus-indica. The measured variables were tender cladodes production and nutraceutical quality. The results showed no significant effect on the content of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity. However, the application of vermicompost showed significant effects on the yield, in which higher estimates were achieved for the highest dose with up to 100% compared to the control. The data obtained indicate that the dose of 25 t ha-1 of vermicompost promotes and increase in yield without compromising the nutraceutical quality of “nopalitos”.
Algeplan como recurso didático no estudo de equações do 2° grau: um olhar para o ensino de Álgebra
Authors: Ferreira Mayza Cavalcante , Abreu Jair Dias de
Published: November 2024

Motivados pela frequente resolução de equações do 2º grau apenas pela fórmula de Bhaskara, discutimos a importância de outras estratégias de estudo, incluindo o uso de materiais didáticos como o Algeplan. Diante disso, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as potencialidades e limitações do material didático Algeplan no processo de ensino e aprendizagem das equações do 2° grau, explorando suas características a partir do conceito geométrico de área de figuras planas. Nosso questionamento de pesquisa busca analisar: quais são as potencialidades e limitações do material didático Algeplan no estudo das equações do 2° grau? Este trabalho é caracterizado como uma investigação exploratório-descritiva, realizada em uma turma da 1ª série do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública do Estado da Paraíba. Para coletar os dados, elaboramos uma atividade, que foi aplicada durante a pesquisa de campo, realizado em dois dias, divididos em dois momentos. No primeiro momento, investigamos os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos para, a partir disso, desenvolver um trabalho que relacionasse o Algeplan com o estudo das equações do 2° grau, culminando no segundo momento. Para registrar os dados coletados na aplicação, utilizou-se diário de bordo e registros fotográficos. O material didático Algeplan foi utilizado em sala de aula na forma física, possibilitando aos alunos uma nova forma de resolver equações do 2° grau. A análise dos registros coletados na atividade revelou as dificuldades dos alunos no processo de transição do pensamento geométrico para o algébrico. Um ponto destacado nesta pesquisa, relacionado ao Algeplan durante a elaboração da atividade, foi a limitação das peças disponíveis, as quais não permitiram a resolução de todas as equações do 2° grau apresentadas. Os resultados do estudo indicaram que o Algeplan, quando combinado com atividades bem planejadas e elaboradas, pode contribuir positivamente para a compreensão e aprendizagem das equações do 2° grau.
Hospital costs of COVID‐19, post‐COVID‐19 condition and other viral pneumonias: a cost comparison analysis
Authors: Hitch Danielle , Angeles Mary Rose , Lau Eric , Nicola‐Richmond Kelli , Bennett Catherine , Said Catherine M , Holton Sara , Haines Kimberley , Rasmussen Bodil , Pepin Genevieve , Richards Kieva , Hensher Martin
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To compare hospital admission costs for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) cases to hospital admission costs for other viral pneumonia cases in Australia, and to describe hospital admission costs for post‐COVID‐19 condition.

Design, setting, participants

A cost comparison analysis of hospital admissions due to COVID‐19 or other viral pneumonias between 1 January 2020 and 30 June 2021 at Victorian public health acute and subacute services.

Main outcome measures

Demographic characteristics, clinical outcomes (including diagnoses, impairment, subacute admission, intensive care unit admissions, ventilation, and length of stay) and cost data (including diagnostic‐related groups, and total, direct and indirect costs).

Results

During the study period, 3197 patients were admitted to hospital due to COVID‐19 and 15 761 were admitted for other viral pneumonias. Admissions for COVID‐19 cost 29% more than admissions for other viral pneumonias. Admissions for COVID‐19 requiring intensive care unit admission incurred significantly higher mean costs (A$120 504 or US$90 595) compared with those not requiring intensive care unit admission (A$19 634 or US$14 761). The adjusted cost of admissions related to post‐COVID‐19 condition was A$11 090 or US$8 337, and these admissions were significantly more likely to be elective. Direct costs accounted for most of the costs for all groups, and admissions for post‐COVID‐19 condition used less allied health services than other groups.

Conclusions

Given its recent emergence, cases of acute COVID‐19 and post‐COVID‐19 condition have had a significant additional financial impact on Australian hospitals. Further studies are required to understand long term costs and identify trends over time in the context of increased vaccination rates and subsequent variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
HOW TO ADOPT MANAGEMENT CONCEPT TO ORGANIZE FAMILY BEHAVIOR: ISLAMIC MANAGEMENT CONCEPT
Authors: Nailuvary Henny
Published: November 2024

How do we deal with developing family life dynamics in the modern era through transforming Islamic management concepts? The cult that organizes family life through traditional theories and practices has experienced a culmination phase. This condition challenges modern society to carry out developments that are juxtaposed with management theory. This is an alternative to face the flow of modernity, which, on the one hand, is a challenge for Muslim society. The outdated concept of the traditional family is an obstacle to the development of modern society. Marriage is a noble business that has a lifelong contract. Therefore, the author hypothesizes that families who understand excellent and structured management will find it easier to face problems and find solutions. To answer these problems, the author uses a qualitative approach with the bibliometric analysis method. This framework aims to find research gaps related to the scientific discourse on family management in Islam and society. Management theory is a framework to analyze the research question trough bibliometric analysis. This study found that three main management concepts, business management, risk, and conflict, are an alternative to facing the challenges of dynamics and building relationships and social strata in modern families. Three of management type can use to face all challenges in modern era. Modern family easily use these ways to build the robustness family and to organize all instrument among them.
Keywords: Family Management, Islamic Management Concept, Modern Civilization
SmartLLMSentry: A Comprehensive LLM Based Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection Framework
Authors: Zaazaa Oualid , El Bakkali Hanan
Published: November 2024

Smart contracts are essential for managing digital assets in blockchain networks, highlighting the need for effective security measures. This paper introduces SmartLLMSentry, a novel framework that leverages large language models (LLMs), specifically ChatGPT with in-context training, to advance smart contract vulnerability detection. Traditional rule-based frameworks have limitations in integrating new detection rules efficiently. In contrast, SmartLLMSentry utilizes LLMs to streamline this process. We created a specialized dataset of five randomly selected vulnerabilities for model training and evaluation. Our results show an exact match accuracy of 91.1% with sufficient data, although GPT-4 demonstrated reduced performance compared to GPT-3 in rule generation. This study illustrates that SmartLLMSentry significantly enhances the speed and accuracy of vulnerability detection through LLM-driven rule integration, offering a new approach to improving Blockchain security and addressing previously underexplored vulnerabilities in smart contracts.
Resposta a
Authors: Medeiros Jéssica , Marcon Chaiana Esmeraldino Mendes
Published: November 2024

O estudo de Nogueira e colaboradores analisou as barreiras de aceitação do Dispositivo Intrauterino (DIU) como método contraceptivo e seu impacto na saúde reprodutiva e sexual feminina. Destacaram a importância de discutir a política de incentivo do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) ao uso do DIU....
Toward Robust Arabic Sign Language Recognition via Vision Transformers and Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations Integration
Authors: Baghdadi Nadiah A. , AbdulAzeem Yousry , ZainEldin Hanaa , Farrag Tamer Ahmed , Aljohani Mansourah , Malki Amer , Badawy Mahmoud , Elhosseini Mostafa A.
Published: November 2024

People with severe or substantial hearing loss find it difficult to communicate with others. Poor communication can have a significant impact on the mental health of deaf people. For individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing, sign language (SL) is the major mode of communication in their daily life. Motivated by the need to develop robust and interpretable models for the deaf community, this study presents a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) framework for Arabic SL recognition. The interpretability and management of complicated spatial connections in SL images have been limited by prior studies using convolutional neural networks. To improve accuracy and offer model transparency, the proposed CAD framework incorporates state-of-the-art technologies such as local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) and vision transformers (ViTs). ViTs use self-attention mechanisms to interpret visuals in SL, capturing global dependencies. A stacking/voting strategy is then used to aggregate predictions from many ViT models, further optimizing the system. Two large datasets, the “ArSL21L: Arabic Sign Language Letter Dataset” and the “RGB Arabic Alphabets Sign Language Dataset,” totaling over 22,000 pictures, were used to validate this approach. Metrics including intersection over union, balanced accuracy, Youden’s index, Yule’s Q, F1 score, accuracy, precision, recall, and specificity were used to assess performance. The results show that the stacking method, which makes use of many ViT models, outperforms traditional models in every performance indicator and achieves an impressive accuracy of 99.46% and 99.88% on the ArSL21L and RGB datasets, respectively. For practical applications, interpretability is ensured by using LIME, which offers clear visual explanations for the model’s predictions.
Professionals’ Needs in Vocabulary Assessments of Students with Disabilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alqahtani Abdulaziz A. , Alqraini Faisl M. , Alasim Khalid N.
Published: November 2024

This study aims to investigate the needs of professionals regarding vocabulary assessment services and supports in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). A survey of 375 professionals working with students with disabilities was conducted using a questionnaire. The results indicate that several key aspects of vocabulary assessment services are inadequately provided to these professionals. These services were rated as highly needed to improve the professionals’ knowledge and skills in vocabulary assessment, which is crucial for assisting their students effectively. The findings highlight the critical need for enhanced support systems to ensure that professionals can better serve students with disabilities, thereby improving educational outcomes. This study underscores the necessity for further research in the KSA to gain a more comprehensive understanding of these professionals’ needs and to inform the development of targeted support strategies, ultimately contributing to the advancement of special education (SPED) services in the region.
Assistive Technology and Employment Opportunities for People with Disabilities: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alanazi Adel Saber , Benlaria Houcine , Alanazi Saad Awadh
Published: November 2024

Assistive technology (AT) can support the employment of people with disabilities (PwDs). This study aimed to investigate the impact of AT on the employability of PwDs and determine the barriers hindering its effective use in the job market in Saudi Arabia. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. A total of 20 sources were incorporated, inclusive of 7259 participants. To identify articles for this meta-analysis, database search results were screened by considering article titles and abstracts. Statistical analyses, including effect size calculation, weighting, subgroup analysis, and heterogeneity assessment, were conducted using RevMan software (version 5.3). A significant relationship between AT use and the employability of PwDs was found. The meta-analysis indicated that individuals using AT had higher odds of being employed than their counterparts without the devices (odds ratio = 2.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.89-2.93, P < 0.013). Subgroup analysis indicated that PwDs using AT for communication, ergonomic accommodations, and mobility had higher job retention and employability rates than their counterparts without AT. Limited awareness concerning AT, high acquisition costs, and skill insufficiency were found to be major hindrances to the use of AT among PwDs. AT use associates positively with the employability and overall well-being of PwDs. Fiscal aid, targeted education, and awareness campaigns can help disabled Saudi workers utilize AT more effectively.
Exploring the Nexus of Quality of Life and Coping Strategies in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case-control Study
Authors: Lone Ayoob , Khan Abdul Sattar , AlWadani Fahad Abdullah Saeed , Almaqhawi Abdullah
Published: November 2024

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) poses significant challenges to children, affecting various aspects of their functioning and overall quality of life (QOL). While factors such as social support and access to interventions play crucial roles in determining the QOL, coping strategies are fundamental in shaping the experiences and outcomes of individuals with ASD. This case-control study aimed to address this gap by exploring the nexus between QOL and coping strategies in children with ASD. This cross-sectional study included 214 children with and without, who were ASD enrolled in different rehabilitation centers in the Al-Hasa region of Saudi Arabia. QOL was measured using the Short Form-12 (SF-12) health survey to assess the physical and mental components. Coping strategies were assessed using the validated Brief COPE inventory. We examined the association between the SF-12 and coping strategies in children with autism and healthy children using binary logistic regression analysis. QOL measures indicated that children with ASD had poorer scores across various domains compared to healthy children. Children relied more on substance abuse, emotional support, and religious coping. Logistic regression indicated that among the QOL dimensions, role physical [odds ratio (OR) = 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.07, P = 0.01], bodily pain (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04, P = 0.02), social health (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.07, P = 0.00), role emotion (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03, P = 0.00), and mental health (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.06, P = 0.03) were associated with ASD. Certain coping strategies, such as self-distraction (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.64-3.51, P = 0.01), substance abuse, (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.31-0.86, P = 0.02), emotional support (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.30-0.73, P = 0.00), venting (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.22-3.42, P = 0.01), and religion (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54-0.99, P = 0.04), were linked to ASD. Children with ASD had a poorer QOL and relied more on substance abuse, emotional support, and religious coping compared to normal children. The findings of this study have implications for mental health professionals and clinicians, as children with autism and poor QOL may require greater levels of emotional support and services.
Interplay of Chronic Diseases, Disability, and Depression Among Saudi Arabian Patients: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Asdaq Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin , Alshehri Sultan , Alajlan Sarah Abdulrahman
Published: November 2024

Chronic diseases are a leading cause of disability and mental health issues globally, with significant implications for healthcare systems and patient well-being. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of chronic conditions is rising, but the comprehensive interplay between chronic diseases, disability, and depression remains underexplored. This study aims to examine the relationships between chronic diseases, disability, and depression among Saudi Arabian patients, providing insights that can inform healthcare policies and interventions to improve patient outcomes. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from March to May 2024. The study included 381 patients with one or more chronic diseases. Data were collected using standardized questionnaires that assessed the number of chronic diseases, level of disability (measured using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule), and depression (assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors contributing to depression and to establish the correlation between chronic diseases, disability, and depression. The analysis revealed a direct association between the number of chronic diseases and the level of disability experienced by the participants (P < 0.01). Patients with multiple chronic conditions (P = 0.000; Beta = 0.456; 95% confidence interval = 0.272-0.422) reported higher levels of disability, significantly impacting their daily functioning. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the number of chronic illnesses and the severity of disability (P < 0.01). Additionally, our study identified a significant correlation (P < 0.05) between increased depression and higher levels of disability among participants. Patients with higher disability scores exhibited more severe depressive symptoms, indicating a compounded effect on mental health. This study provides critical insights into the significant impact of chronic diseases on disability and mental health among Saudi Arabian patients. The findings highlight the compounded challenges faced by patients with multiple chronic conditions and underscore the intertwined nature of physical and mental health. Addressing the complex interplay of sociodemographic and health-related factors can enable healthcare systems to better meet the needs of this vulnerable population, ultimately improving their quality of life and health outcomes.
Penyuluhan Tentang Gerakan Masyarakat Hidup Sehat
Authors: Kusumaningsih Rila , Rima Rinekasari
Published: November 2024

The Healthy Living Community Movement (GERMAS) is an initiative The Healthy Living Community Movement (GERMAS) is an initiative introduced to encourage people to be more careful in maintaining their health. This movement covers various aspects, from managing physical and mental health, to managing a healthy environment. This health education aims to provide an understanding of how to live a healthy life in a healthy environment. This movement also aims to reduce environmental pollution that can cause disease, such as air pollution and polluted water. This can be done in various ways, starting from increasing public understanding of a healthy environment and increasing access to environmental services. In this extension we use the socialization method via PowerPoint media. Efforts to create a healthy society require active participation from all parties, especially the entire community. The Healthy Living Community Movement can play an important role in reducing health-related diseases such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer. And helps reduce environmental pollution that can cause disease. In this journal, we will discuss the implementation of the Healthy Living Community Movement and the appropriate steps that can be used to encourage people to be more competent in maintaining health.
Pendampingan Penguasaan Aplikasi Website dan Sistem PPDB Online
Authors: Syafiih M , Syahroni Muhammad , Mustofa Zainul , Rohman Sufi , Asykuri Muhammad Ilfan
Published: November 2024

The Islamic Education Foundation faced serious challenges in IT infrastructure, which led to a lack of access to information as well as a new student admission process that was still done manually. This condition not only hampers administrative efficiency, but also reduces the interest of prospective students to register. To overcome these problems, the development of an official website and online PPDB system is a strategic step that aims to increase transparency and accessibility of information. A Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, which involves the active participation of the entire service team in problem identification to solution implementation, was used to ensure the success of the project. The results of the programme showed significant improvements in administrative efficiency. The developed website serves as an effective information platform, while the online new student database system speeds up and simplifies the registration process. Training for staff and students also improved their IT skills, which had a positive impact on social change within the organisation. The application of technology in this educational context proved crucial in improving service quality and operational efficiency, making this programme a model that can be adopted by other educational institutions facing similar challenges in the digital age.
Comparing the Sedative Effect of Dexmedetomidine and Propofol in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Using Salivary Alpha-Amylase as a Stress Marker: A Randomized Open-Label Trial
Authors: Mohamed Ibrahim Ahmed , Said ElSharkawy Mohammed , Khalil Abdelrahman Reda , Elabd Hassan Abdallah , Gaber Ibrahim Saad Mohammed , Ahmed Elzoughari Ismail , Hussini Ismail Alsayed Abdelkarem , Abdelbadie Asmaa , Abd El Fattah Helal Rehab
Published: November 2024

Background: Patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) in the intensive care unit (ICU) experience significant distress, which triggers a stress response. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine and propofol in reducing stress levels, using salivary alpha-amylase (SAA) as a specific indicator of stress. Methods: A randomized, open-label trial was conducted involving 40 patients newly placed on MV. In a parallel study design, participants were randomly assigned into two equal groups (n = 20) through the sealed envelope method using computer-generated randomization. Group D received dexmedetomidine at a dosage of 0.2 to 1.4 μg/kg/h, while group P received propofol at a dosage of 0.3 to 4 mg/kg/h for sedation. Salivary alpha-amylase levels were measured according to the kit manufacturer's protocol. Results: Salivary alpha-amylase levels were significantly lower in group D than in group P at 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after the initiation of MV (P < 0.05). Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were also significantly lower in group D at 12, 18, and 24 hours (P < 0.05). The duration of MV was significantly shorter in group D compared to group P (4.4 ± 1.85 vs 6.1 ± 2.45 days, P = 0.018). There were no significant differences in ICU length of stay, mortality, or adverse events between the groups. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine demonstrated superior stress-reducing effects compared to propofol in MV patients, as evidenced by lower SAA levels and improved hemodynamic stability. The shorter duration of MV in the dexmedetomidine group further suggests potential clinical benefits of its use in managing stress in MV patients.
Características clínicas y demográficas de los sujetos con esclerosis múltiple en un instituto de rehabilitación en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Zanazzi Rocío , Bentos Jennifer Daiana , Zanier María Antonela , Pisano Vanina , Balbarrey Rafael , Balvidares Micaela , Vitale Camila , Bordone María Lis , Monje Abal Daniela , Viejo Melisa Ivana
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y demográficas de los sujetos con esclerosis múltiple (EM) que asisten a un instituto de rehabilitación en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se incluyeron sujetos mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de EM. Las variables sociodemográficas fueron el sexo, la edad al momento del diagnóstico, la edad al ingreso y la posesión del Certificado Único de Discapacidad. Las variables clínicas y demográficas incluidas abarcaron los tiempos de evolución e ingreso a los servicios, así como aquellas variables clínicas consideradas de mayor impacto en la rehabilitación.
Resultados: De un total de 39 sujetos, 21 (53,8 %) eran de sexo masculino. La media de edad fue de 45,5 años (DE 9,9). La mediana del tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad fue de 9 años (mín.-máx. 4-17). Además, el 67,6 % de los sujetos realizaban marcha, y la mayoría necesitaba algún dispositivo de ayuda para esta actividad.
Conclusión: Se describieron algunas de las características clínicas y sociodemográficas de los sujetos con EM que asistieron a un instituto de rehabilitación en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires.
Конституционные основы государственной поддержки материнства в России
Authors: Е.Г. Тронина
Published: November 2024

в статье определяется значение конституционно-правовых основ государственной семейной политики, важнейшим направлением которой является всесторонняя поддержка и защита института материнства как первоосновы жизненного существования и воспроизводства поколений, благополучия детей и, следовательно, будущего нашей страны. Подчеркивается, что достижение национальных целей развития России, предполагающее приоритетное решение проблем демографии, напрямую определяется эффективностью системы мер, направленных на комплексное обеспечение здорового и счастливого материнства. Проводится мысль о важности практической реализации в России конституционных основ правового механизма защиты семейных ценностей с учетом характера и динамики развития современного мира. Конструктивная государственная политика, направленная на укрепление института семьи, поддержание высокого социального статуса материнства, отцовства и детства, на их действенную финансовую и организационную поддержку является в условиях внутренних и внешних вызовов важнейшим фактором успешного развития России.

the article defines the importance of the constitutional and legal foundations of the state family policy, the most important direction of which is the comprehensive support and protection of the institution of motherhood as the primary basis of the life existence and reproduction of generations, the well-being of children and, consequently, the future of our country. It is emphasized that the achievement of Russia's national development goals, which presupposes a priority solution to demographic problems, is directly determined by the effectiveness of a system of measures aimed at comprehensively ensuring healthy and happy motherhood. The author suggests the importance of practical implementation in Russia of the constitutional foundations of the legal mechanism for the protection of family values, taking into account the nature and dynamics of the development of the modern world. A constructive state policy aimed at strengthening the institution of the family, maintaining the high social status of motherhood, fatherhood and childhood, and their effective financial and organizational support is the most important factor in the successful development of Russia in the context of internal and external challenges.
Процессуальный порядок проверки протоколов следственных действий
Authors: Э.А. Винокуров , И.С. Амелин , Ю.А. Ковтун
Published: November 2024

в статья авторы анализируют отличие процесса проверки протоколов следственных действий от их оценки. Утверждается, что на стадии предварительного расследования уголовного дела именно процесс проверки протоколов следственных действий, играет важную роль для расследования уголовного дела. В действующем УПК РФ отсутствует понятие проверки доказательств, а также не указаны способы и порядок ее осуществления. Авторы проводят анализе действующего уголовно-процессуального законодательства с целью выявления отличий процесса проверки доказательств от процесса оценки доказательств на стадии предварительного расследования. Рассматриваются способы осуществления проверки протоколов следственных действий, полученных в ходе предварительного расследования. Авторы приходят к выводу, что под проверкой протокола следственного действия следует понимать мыслительную деятельность субъекта, направленную на проверку соблюдения законодательно установленной формы составления протокола, а также на проверку информации, содержащейся в протоколе следственного действия, и ее сопоставление с другими доказательствами. Именно в результате оценки правоприменитель приходит к выводу об установленности обстоятельств совершенного преступления и об объяснении противоречий в доказательственной информации, в то время как путем проверки выясняются причины выявленных противоречий.

in the article, the authors analyze the difference between the verification process of investigative protocols and their assessment. It is argued that at the stage of the preliminary investigation of a criminal case, it is the process of checking the protocols of investigative actions that plays an important role for the investigation of a criminal case. The current Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation does not contain the concept of verification of evidence, nor does it specify the methods and procedure for its implementation. The authors analyze the current criminal procedure legislation in order to identify differences between the process of verifying evidence and the process of evaluating evidence at the stage of preliminary investigation. The ways of checking the protocols of investigative actions obtained during the preliminary investigation are being considered. The authors conclude that the verification of the protocol of the investigative action should be understood as the mental activity of the subject aimed at verifying compliance with the legally established form of drawing up the protocol, as well as checking the information contained in the protocol of the investigative action and comparing it with other evidence. It is as a result of the assessment that the law enforcement officer comes to the conclusion that the circumstances of the crime have been established and that contradictions in the evidentiary information have been explained, while by checking the causes of the identified contradictions are clarified.