bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long noncoding RNA CHL1‐AS1 promotes cell proliferation and migration by sponging miR‐6076 to regulate CHL1 expression in endometrial cancer
Authors: Shi Yanmei , Zha Jinfen , Zuo Manzhen , Yan Qian , Song Huamei
Published: November 2019

Endometrial cancer (EC) is deemed to be the most typical gynecologic malignant tumor. Despite the incidence of EC being lower in Asia than that in western countries, substantial increased incidence has been observed in the past few decades in Asia. Although various molecular testing methods and genomic science have developed, the overall prognosis is still disappointing. LncRNAs have been found to influence the progression of various cancers. CHL1‐AS1 has been found to be upregulated in ovarian endometriosis, nevertheless, the molecular mechanism and biological function of CHL1‐AS1 in EC have not been explored. In our exploration, both CHL1‐AS1 and CHL1 were upregulated in EC cells. Knockdown of CHL1‐AS1 or CHL1 inhibited cell proliferation and migration in EC. Furthermore, microRNA‐6076 (miR‐6076) could bind with CHL1‐AS1 or CHL1, and regulate the expression of CHL1. Finally, absence of miR‐6076 or overexpression of CHL1 can partially rescue the effect of CHL1‐AS1 knockdown or miR‐6076 upregulation on cell proliferation and migration, respectively. All in all, our research was the first endeavor to study the underlying mechanism of CHL1‐AS1 in EC and confirmed that CHL1‐AS1 regulated EC progression via targeting the miR‐6076/CHL1 axis, offering new insight into treating EC.
Morphostructural and immunohistochemical study for evaluation of nano‐TiO2toxicity inArmadillo officinalisDuméril, 1816 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)
Authors: Flaccavento Alessia , Pecoraro Roberta , Scalisi Elena Maria , Messina Giuseppina , Salvaggio Antonio , Impellizzeri Giuliana , Lombardo Bianca Maria , Brundo Maria Violetta
Published: November 2019

Invertebrates are precious organisms in order to study environmental pollution. In particular, they appear to be suitable as a bioindicator species for pioneer ecotoxicity studies on new xenobiotics such as nanoparticles. In fact, they are able to absorb nanomaterials scattered in the environment in different ways and it's known the compartmentalization of nano‐sized contaminants in selected tissues and intracellular organelles. Titanium dioxide represents the most used nanoparticulate, destined to become probably ubiquitous in the environment. Recently, some research has been published on the toxic potential of nano‐TiO2in several animal species. Among all invertebrates, Oniscidean Isopods are the only taxon of Crustaceans that has become completely terrestrial, known as excellent bioindicators and bioaccumulators. They have a digestive gland, the hepatopancreas, which is the location of election for the accumulation of pollutants. For this reason, they are considered efficient animal models to ecological studies. For this study, we collectedArmadillo officinalisfrom Natural Oriented Reserve of “Vendicari” (Sicily, Italy), to evaluate the toxicity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) on their hepatopancreas, after a short period of exposure. We conducted morphostructural and immunohistochemistry assays. The results suggested a great capacity of the species of bioaccumulation of nanoparticles in the hepatopancreas, where a strong positivity to the metallothioneins was highlighted. Our study confirms that Oniscidean Isopods, in particularArmadillo officinalis, proved to be an appropriate indicator of pollution in terrestrial ecosystems from nanoparticles.
Vulnerable suspects in police interviews: Exploring current practice in England and Wales
Authors: Farrugia Laura , Gabbert Fiona
Published: November 2019

Mentally disordered individuals are increasingly coming into contact with the police. The current study explored investigative interview practice with mentally disordered suspects to examine how they respond and the impact this has on the level of information obtained. Transcripts of interviews conducted with vulnerable and nonvulnerable suspects (N= 66) were analysed using a specially designed coding framework. Results highlighted that best practice is generally not being adhered to regarding questioning techniques (for example, the use of open questions). Furthermore, although police officers altered their communication to suit the needs of the vulnerable suspect, they were also more likely to use minimisation tactics. Mentally disordered suspects sought more clarification for open questions and provided more information to closed questions. They also demonstrated higher levels of vulnerability (suggestibility and compliance) when compared with their nonvulnerable counterparts. Implications regarding interviewing methods for this vulnerable group are discussed.
Correlation of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Parameters and Histological Characteristics From Infiltrated Marrow in Patients With Acute Leukemia
Authors: Li Jianting , Zheng Rong , Niu Jinliang , Song Xiaoli , Wu Wenqi , Fan Rong , Gong Tong
Published: November 2019

Background

An accurate and noninvasive method is of great importance to assess angiogenesis and cellularity of bone marrow in acute leukemia (AL).

Purpose

To investigate whether the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters correlate with the histological characteristics of infiltrated marrow in AL patients and compare the difference between acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Study Type

Prospective.

Population Model

Forty newly diagnosed patients with AL, including 20 AML and 20 ALL.

Field Strength/Sequence

1.5T/T1WI and IVIM.

Assessment

IVIM‐derived parameters (true diffusion coefficient D, pseudodiffusion coefficient D*, and perfusion fraction, f) were measured in lumbar marrow. Histopathological analyses were performed from samples of marrow biopsy.

Statistical Tests

The correlations between IVIM parameters and histological parameters used the Spearman correlation test. The difference of IVIM parameters and histological parameters between ALL and AML groups used the unpaired t‐test or Mann–Whitney U‐test, as appropriate.

Results

The f was positively correlated with microvessel density (MVD) in patients with ALL, AML, and AL (r = 0.740, P = 0.006; r = 0.771, P < 0.001; and r = 0.750, P < 0.001, respectively). There were no significant correlations between D and bone marrow cellularity in the three groups (r = –0.289, P = 0.362; r = 0.281, P = 0.292; and r = 0.058, P = 0.769, respectively). D and f values of ALL were higher than that of AML group (t = 3.332, P = 0.003 and t = 2.600, P = 0.014, respectively). MVD was higher in ALL than AML (t = 2.120, P = 0.044), whereas bone marrow cellularity had no significant difference between AML and ALL (t = –0.682, P = 0.501).

Data Conclusion

The f value derived from IVIM in bone marrow was positively correlated with MVD, while f might be able to show a difference of vascularity between ALL and AML. Therefore, the f value can be used as an alternative imaging marker of angiogenesis in marrow of AL patients.

Level of Evidence: 1

Technical Efficacy Stage: 3

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1720–1726.
Computational approach to correcting joint instability in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation
Authors: Alvarez Oliver , Steensen Robert N. , Rullkoetter Paul J. , Fitzpatrick Clare K.
Published: November 2019

Patellar dislocation is a debilitating injury common in active adolescents and young adults. Conservative treatment after initial dislocation is often recommended, but almost half of these patients continue to suffer from recurrent dislocation. The objective of this study was to compare preoperative patellofemoral joint stability with stability after a series of simulated procedures, including restorative surgery to correct to pre‐injury state, generic tibial tubercle osteotomy, patient‐specific reconstructive surgery to correct anatomic abnormality, less invasive patient‐specific surgery, and equivalent healthy controls. Three‐dimensional, subject‐specific finite element models of the patellofemoral joint were developed for 28 patients with recurrent patellar dislocation. A 50 N lateral load was applied to the patella to assess the lateral stability of the patellofemoral joint at 10° intervals from 0° to 40° flexion. Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, along with reconstructive procedures to correct anatomic abnormality were simulated. Of all the simulations performed, the healthy equivalent control models showed the least patellar internal–external rotation, medial–lateral translation, and medial patellofemoral ligament restraining load during lateral loading tests. Isolated restorative medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction was the surgery that resulted in the most patellar internal–external rotation, medial–lateral translation, and medial patellofemoral ligament reaction force across all flexion angles. Patient‐specific reconstruction to correct anatomic abnormality was the only surgical group to have non‐significantly different results compared with the healthy equivalent control group across all joint stability metrics evaluated. Statement of clinical significance: This study suggests patient‐specific reconstructive surgery that corrects underlying anatomic abnormalities best reproduces the joint stability of an equivalent healthy control when compared with the pre‐injury state, generic tibial tubercle osteotomy, and less invasive patient‐specific surgery. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:768‐776, 2020
Clinical Sequelae From Overfeeding in Enterally Fed Critically Ill Adults: Where Is the Evidence?
Authors: Chapple Lee‐anne S. , Weinel Luke , Ridley Emma J. , Jones Daryl , Chapman Marianne J. , Peake Sandra L.
Published: November 2019

Enteral energy delivery above requirements (overfeeding) is believed to cause adverse effects during critical illness, but the literature supporting this is limited. We aimed to quantify the reported frequency and clinical sequelae of energy overfeeding with enterally delivered nutrition in critically ill adult patients. A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL from conception to November 28, 2018, identified clinical studies of nutrition interventions in enterally fed critically ill adults that reported overfeeding in 1 or more study arms. Overfeeding was defined as energy delivery > 2000 kcal/d, > 25 kcal/kg/d, or ≥ 110% of energy prescription. Data were extracted on methodology, demographics, prescribed and delivered nutrition, clinical variables, and predefined outcomes. Cochrane “Risk of Bias” tool was used to assess the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Eighteen studies were included, of which 10 were randomized (n = 4386 patients) and 8 were nonrandomized (n = 223). Only 4 studies reported a separation in energy delivery between treatment groups whereby 1 arm met the definition of overfeeding, which reported no between‐group differences in mortality, infectious complications, or ventilatory support. Overfeeding was associated with increased insulin administration (median 3 [interquartile range: 0–41.8] vs 0 [0–30.6] units/d) and upper‐gastrointestinal intolerance in 1 large RCT and with duration of antimicrobial therapy in a small RCT. There are limited high‐quality data to determine the impact of energy overfeeding of critically ill patients by the enteral route; however, based on available evidence, overfeeding does not appear to affect mortality or other important clinical outcomes.
Comparative Analysis Between Computed Tomography and Surrogate Methods to Detect Low Muscle Mass Among Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Souza Nilian Carla , Gonzalez Maria Cristina , Martucci Renata Brum , Rodrigues Viviane Dias , de Pinho Nivaldo Barroso , Qureshi Abdul Rashid , Avesani Carla Maria
Published: November 2019

Background

We aimed to evaluate the agreement between computed tomography (CT) and surrogate methods applied in clinical practice for the assessment of low muscle mass. In addition, we assessed the association between different muscle‐assessment methods and nutrition status, as well as the prognostic value of low muscle mass on survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods

This is a cohort including 188 CRC patients with 17 months’ follow‐up (interquartile range: 12–23 months) for mortality. Low muscle mass was evaluated by corrected mid‐upper arm muscle area (AMAc) and calf circumference, skeletal muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), muscle deficit by physical examination with the Patient‐Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG‐SGA), and lumbar muscle cross‐sectional area by CT (reference method).

Results

The prevalence of low muscle mass ranged from 9.6% to 54.3% according to the method used. The physical examination had the highest κ coefficient compared with CT. Low muscularity was associated with the presence of malnutrition, lower body fat, and low phase angle. The Cox regression models—adjusted for age, sex, and treatment 3 months before study inclusion—showed that severe muscle loss measured by BIA and CT and low muscle mass measured by PG‐SGA predicted higher mortality rates.

Conclusions

Compared with CT, the physical examination had the best agreement to assess low muscle mass. Low muscle mass assessed by PG‐SGA, BIA, and CT showed similar prognostic values for survival.
Phospholipids accumulation and calcification in cultured primary human aortic valve interstitial cells: New insights revealed by confocal Raman imaging
Authors: Czamara Krzysztof , Kopytek Magdalena , Szulczewska Malgorzata , Kaczor Agnieszka , Natorska Joanna
Published: November 2019

Raman imaging was applied to investigate calcification process in situ in primary human aortic valve interstitial cells (HAVICs) isolated from patients with developed non‐rheumatic aortic stenosis (AS). To invoke calcification, cells were incubated in an osteogenic medium (OSM) in some cases supplemented with glucose. Surprisingly, upon 7 days of incubation, no calcification in the form of inorganic salts was detected, instead, the increase of lipid inclusions containing phospholipids inside HAVICs was observed, probably in the sites involved in further mineral precipitation. Glucose supplementation (reflecting diabetes mellitus influence on AS) slightly decreased the overall content of phospholipids. A long incubation time resulted in the formation of significant amounts of inorganic calcium salts extracellularly and only in the presence of type I collagen. In the absence of type I collagen, calcium oxalate dihydrate was observed inside the cells. Due to application of Raman imaging, an unbiased, label‐free method of high‐spatial resolution and chemical specificity, it was possible to demonstrate unequivocally that calcification in the form of hydroxyapatite took place extracellularly in the presence of type I collagen and required long incubation with OSM.
High color purity emission from quantum dots by optimizing the full width at half the maximum and optical density to blue light
Authors: Yang Chaoqun , Zhu Jiuhui , Huang Chang‐Chih , Liu Guanghui , Li Zhifu
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we got wide color gamut of quantum dot (QD) films by optimizing the spectra width and optical density (OD) of quantum dots. The specific methods to achieve the following: QD R: one layer of color filter R film was coated below the QD R layer. QD G: one layer of yellow‐green film was coated below the QD G film. By a structure optimal design, we got wide color gamut up to 99.2% BT2020 (equal to 132.86% NTSC) in Cd‐based QD and 93.6% BT2020 (equal to 125.35% NTSC) in Cd‐free QD. Furthermore, the gamut of QD display will continue to be improved by continuous refining the structure of QD display.
Heterogeneity of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer: Differences in Clinicopathologic and Ultrasound Features Between Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Patients
Authors: Zhu Kai , Wang Dongmo , Li Ziyao , Du Guoqing , Guo Qiang , Wu Tong , Li Juan
Published: November 2019

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine whether any salient differences exist in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) between premenopausal and postmenopausal patients by comprehensively comparing the ultrasound (US) and clinicopathologic features of these patients.

Methods

A detailed evaluation of the US and clinicopathologic features of 60 tumors from 60 patients with a diagnosis of TNBC (36 premenopausal and 24 postmenopausal women) was conducted in this retrospective study.

Results

Triple‐negative breast cancer in premenopausal patients was more likely to show a round or oval shape and microlobulated margins, more commonly exerted effects on surrounding tissue, and showed grade 3 blood flow according to the method of Adler et al (Ultrasound Med Biol 1990; 16:553–559) compared with tumors in postmenopausal women. Triple‐negative breast cancer in postmenopausal patients showed some similar US features as those observed in estrogen receptor–positive tumors, including irregular shapes, angular or spiculated margins, and nonparallel growth to the skin (P < .05 for all).

Conclusions

Although US cannot be used to unequivocally identify TNBC, it can distinguish some salient US features regarding TNBC between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Such information can then provide some valuable predictive information on the diagnosis of TNBC for clinicians.
Longitudinal Reference Ranges for Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion and Mitral Annular Plane Systolic Excursion in Normally Grown Fetuses
Authors: Lee‐Tannock Alison , Hay Karen , Gooi Alex , Kumar Sailesh
Published: November 2019

Objectives

The aim of this study was to construct reference ranges for fetal tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) using conventional M‐mode ultrasound (US) in the second half of pregnancy.

Methods

Participants underwent US scans every 4 weeks from 18 weeks’ gestation until delivery. The TAPSE and MAPSE were measured by conventional M‐mode US at each examination. The relationships between TAPSE and MAPSE and gestational age and estimated fetal weight were modeled by Bayesian mixed effects linear regression.

Results

Positive linear relationships were observed between both MAPSE and TAPSE and gestational age and estimated fetal weight. Reference centiles for TAPSE and MAPSE were developed.

Conclusions

This simple technique is a useful tool for assessing cardiac function and could be used for quantitative assessments of fetal cardiac function, particularly in high‐risk pregnancies such as those complicated by maternal diabetes.
Impairment of mitochondrial unfolded protein response contribute to resistance declination of H2O2‐induced injury in senescent MRC‐5 cell model
Authors: Lee Tzu‐Ying , Huang Li‐Ju , Dong Huei‐Ping , Tohru Yoshioka , Liu Bo‐Hong , Yang Rei‐Cheng
Published: November 2019

Accumulation of oxidative proteins within mitochondria leads to loss of mitochondrial function, which may lead to age‐related degenerative diseases. Mitochondrial antioxidant defense capacity reflects the expression of mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR)‐related proteins. Senescent cells are considered to be less resistant to cellular stress stimuli than exponentially growing cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the ability of mitochondrial stress response in senescent cells to cope with the accumulation of mitochondrial unfolded proteins induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to understand the relevant molecular mechanisms. We report here that senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) and senescence marker protein‐30 (SMP‐30), commonly used replicative senescence biomarkers, changed remarkably between population doubling (PD) 25 (exponentially growing cells) and PD50 (senescent cells) of MRC‐5 fibroblasts. Mitochondrial unfolded proteins were significantly accumulated in H2O2‐treated senescent cells, whereas mtUPR‐related molecular chaperones (heat shock protein Hsp60 and Hsp10) and proteases (caseinolytic Clp protease) were not concomitantly elevated in senescent cells. In addition, decreased expression of stromal interacting molecule 1‐Orai1‐mediated store‐operated Ca2+ entry following an declined intracellular calcium level after 2 mM calcium treatment together with H2O2 addition, implying impairment of calcium influx in senescent MRC‐5 during H2O2‐induced injury. These findings suggest that senescent fibroblasts expressed higher vulnerability to H2O2‐induced injury involving the imbalance of calcium homeostasis and impaired mitochondrial nuclear communication. This may provide useful information for the future development of therapeutic agents to prevent the adverse effects of aging on cells and the potential for treatment of proteinopathies in the elderly.
Percutaneous Interstitial Nd:YAG Laser Therapy for Axillary Osmidrosis
Authors: Geng Yu‐Jia , Li Tian , Wen Lei , Gao Hai , Yuan Ju , Liu Wei‐chi , Shao Ying
Published: November 2019

Background and Objectives

To investigate the effects of percutaneous interstitial Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the apocrine glands and molecules involved in odor production (apolipoprotein [ApoD], androgen receptor [AR]) in the subcutaneous tissue of a pig.

Study Design/Materials and Methods

Skin on the back of healthy adult miniature pigs was exposed to pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation at 5 or 10 W, or continuous Nd:YAG laser irradiation at 10 W. Samples were taken 1 hour, 1 week, and 1 month after treatment for histology, western blot, and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analysis.

Results

One week and 1 month after irradiation, the apocrine glands in pigskin became rounded, glandular cells were shorter, and the glandular cavities were larger compared with controls, but there were no obvious changes in fat cell distribution of collagen around the apocrine glands. One month after irradiation at 10 W in continuous mode, there was a significant decrease in ApoD expression in apocrine cells and ApoD and AR protein and expression levels in pigskin compared with controls. There were also significant differences in ApoD and AR protein and expression levels between treatments.

Conclusions

Percutaneous interstitial Nd:YAG laser irradiation has potential as a safe and efficacious treatment for axillary osmidrosis as it may decrease the production of volatile unsaturated fatty acids, steroids, and associated unpleasant odors in the axilla. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corrosion of 15Mo3 carbon steel superheater tubes in waste incineration plants: A comparison between a field‐returned tube and laboratory tests
Authors: Krumm Ludmilla , Galetz Mathias C.
Published: November 2019

In this study, a field‐returned superheater tube of carbon steel 16Mo3 (1.5415) was analyzed in detail. In addition to cross‐section analysis, different scales were investigated layer by layer using microscopic, diffraction, and spectroscopic techniques. The corrosion products can be divided into three layers: The layer adjacent to the metallic tube surface was an iron‐ and chlorine‐rich scale, followed by an FeS layer present at the gas flow side, and the outermost layer was an iron oxide scale consisting of Fe3O4 and α‐Fe2O3. The different mechanisms responsible for the structure of such scale formation and the different corrosion products formed at the tube are discussed. Furthermore, the root cause for the disability to form a protective scale under such conditions was identified by comparison with results from laboratory tests.
Multifunctional BSA Scaffolds Prepared with a Novel Combination of UV‐Crosslinking Systems
Authors: Rusu Alina Gabriela , Chiriac Aurica P. , Nita Loredana Elena , Mititelu‐Tartau Liliana , Tudorachi Nita , Ghilan Alina , Rusu Daniela
Published: November 2019

This study presents the hydrogelation of bovine serum albumin by using a natural‐derived photo‐initiator system based on riboflavin and l‐arginine that ensures the preparation of biocompatible hydrogels. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals that the synthesis conditions do not induce protein denaturation and confirms the potential UV‐crosslinking mechanism for albumin hydrogels realization. Thermal and morphological characterization indicates the formation of thermodynamically stable hydrogels with interconnected inner structure which presents a riboflavin concentration‐dependent porosity. The evolution of the hydrogel's decomposition products is analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and reveals a degradation pathway characterized by deamination of unreacted amino moieties and peptide NH groups, condensation, decomposition of the condensation products, and oxidation of N‐containing residues. The kinetics and pH‐responsive behavior of hydrogels are investigated by water uptake dynamics revealing a swelling mechanism which can be switched from a less Fickian to a non‐Fickian process by varying the crosslinker concentration. In vivo tests prove the high degree of biocompatibility of the new hydrogels, after oral administration in mice.
Solar‐Thermal Energy Conversion and Storage Using Photoresponsive Azobenzene‐Containing Polymers
Authors: Wu Si , Butt Hans‐Jürgen
Published: November 2019

Photoswitchable compounds are promising materials for solar‐thermal energy conversion and storage. In particular, photoresponsive azobenzene‐containing compounds are proposed as materials for solar‐thermal fuels. In this feature article, solar‐thermal fuels based on azobenzene‐containing polymers (azopolymers) are reviewed. The mechanism of azopolymer‐based solar‐thermal fuels is introduced, and computer simulations and experimental results on azopolymer‐based solar‐thermal fuels are highlighted. Different types of azopolymers such as linear azopolymers, 2D azopolymers, and conjugated azopolymers are addressed. The advantages and limitations of these azopolymers for solar‐thermal energy conversion and storage, along with the remaining challenges of azopolymer‐based solar‐thermal fuels, are discussed.
Effect of Streptomyces probiotics on the gut microbiota of Litopenaeus vannamei challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: Mazón‐Suástegui José Manuel , Salas‐Leiva Joan Sebastian , Medina‐Marrero Ricardo , Medina‐García Ricardo , García‐Bernal Milagro
Published: November 2019

This study assessed the intestinal microbiota of juveniles of the White shrimp Litopenaus vannamei, whose feed was enriched with three probiotic formulations: Streptomyces sp. RL8 (RL8); a mix of Lactobacillus graminis and Streptomyces spp. RL8 and N7 (Lac‐Strep); and a mix of Bacillus spp. and Streptomyces spp. RL8 and N7 (Bac‐Strep). The analysis was performed by sequencing the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene of treated animals and the control group before and after Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge. After challenge, the highest Shannon diversity indexes corresponded to RL8 and Bac‐Strep (3.94 ± 0.11 and 3.39 ± 0.3, respectively) and the lowest to the control group (2.58 ± 0.26). The most abundant phyla before and after challenge were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The principal component analysis and Statistical Analysis of Metagenomic Profiles (STAMP) showed that the gut microbiota of the groups RL8 and Bac‐Strep after challenge was different from the other experimental groups, which was characterized by a higher bacterial diversity, as well as a significant stimulation of the Bacteriovorax population and other antimicrobial producing genera that protected shrimp from infection.
Ataxia with Vitamin E Deficiency with Predominant Cervical Dystonia
Authors: Pradeep Swati , Ali Tarek , Guduru Zain
Published: November 2019

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Episodic Ataxia Secondary to CEP290 Compound Heterozygous Mutations: A Case Report
Authors: Hamed Moath , Shetty Aakash , Dzwiniel Tara , Buller Mark , Koskinen Lotta , Suchowersky Oksana
Published: November 2019

View Supplementary Video 1
Psychologists to see payment increases for health services under Medicare
Authors: Canady Valerie A.
Published: November 2019

Psychologists have secured an important win for patients, the community and their respective practices following the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS's) support of a new coding structure for Health and Behavior Assessment and Intervention (HBAI) services for providing care for Medicare patients. Beginning Jan. 1, 2020, psychologists will receive higher payments for providing treatment to Medicare patients with physical health conditions.
Missouri training MH providers to become suicide lifeguards
Authors: Canady Valerie A.
Published: November 2019

It's well‐known that the suicide epidemic has reached crisis levels, and research points to the need for competence in suicide assessment as an essential clinical skill for mental health professionals. Licensure boards, graduate programs and credentialing bodies do not require evidence of student competency and preparation in suicide assessment, intervention and management, according to research.
The Henstock‐Kurzweil‐Pettis integral and multiorders fractional differential equations with impulses and multipoint fractional integral boundary conditions in Banach spaces
Authors: Seba Djamila , Habani Sadek , Benaissa Abbes , Rebai Hamza
Published: November 2019

This paper is devoted to the existence of weak solutions for a multipoint fractional integral boundary value problem of an impulsive nonlinear differential equation involving multiorders fractional derivatives and deviating argument. We make use of an appropriate fixed point theorem combined with the technique of measures of weak noncompactness. Our investigation is considered in a Banach space. The applicability of the obtained results is illustrated by an example.
The alteration of PLCζ protein expression in unexplained infertile and asthenoteratozoospermic patients: A potential effect on sperm fertilization ability
Authors: Rahimizadeh Pegah , Topraggaleh Tohid Rezaei , Nasr‐Esfahani Mohammad Hossein , Ziarati Niloofar , Mirshahvaladi Shahab , Esmaeili Vahid , Seifi Soroush , Eftekhari‐Yazdi Poopak , Shahverdi Abdolhossein
Published: November 2019

Failed oocyte activation has been observed in unexplained infertile (UI) and asthenoteratozoospermic (AT) men. The deficiency of phospholipase C‐zeta (PLCζ) could be a possible reason for such failures and has not been studied yet. We investigated the expression and localization of PLCζ protein in the sperms of patients with UI and AT conditions. The relationships between PLCζ‐related parameters with male age, sperm characteristics, DNA integrity, and cellular maturity were assessed. Semen samples were collected from fertile (n = 40), UI (n = 40), and AT (n = 40) men. Subsequently, semen analysis, DNA fragmentation, hyaluronic acid‐binding ability, and PLCζ level along with its distribution were evaluated using computer‐assisted sperm analyzer, sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), hyaluronic acid‐binding assay (HBA), western blot analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy, respectively. Unlike SCSA, the values of HBA, and PLCζ expression were significantly reduced in UI and AT patients compared to fertile men, whereas no significant differences were observed among the experimental groups in terms of PLCζ localization patterns. The regression analysis also showed that HBA is the only variable associated with PLCζ levels. Furthermore, the correlation of male age with PLCζ localization in postacrosomal, equatorial, and acrosomal+postacrosomal+equatorial (A+PA+E) patterns, as well as the relation of normal morphology, with the (A+PA+E) pattern, remained in the regression model. Our findings indicated that reduced PLCζ level along with the increased DNA fragmentation and impaired maturation may be possible etiologies of decreased fertilization in the studied subjects.
A conversation with Mariana Wolfner, newly inducted member of the National Academy of Sciences
Authors: Swanson Willie J. , Findlay Geoffrey D.
Published: November 2019

Molecular Reproduction and Development is delighted to announce that editorial board member Mariana F. Wolfner has been elected to the National Academy of Sciences. Here, Dr Wolfner is interviewed by two of her former postdocs. She discusses her path to studying reproduction and her career as a researcher and mentor.
Four‐dimensional translabial ultrasound concordance with digital palpation and surface electromyography during dynamic pelvic floor muscles assessment: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Martinho Natalia , Botelho Simone , Nagib Anita , Jales Rodrigo Menezes , Turel Friyan , Caagbay Delena , Riccetto Cássio
Published: November 2019

Aim

To investigate whether pelvic floor muscle (PFM) morphological changes obtained through four‐dimensional translabial ultrasound (4D TLUS) correlate with a PFM contraction as evaluated by digital palpation and PFM electromyographic activity evaluated by surface electromyography (sEMG). The secondary objective was to investigate which ultrasound parameter is more strongly associated with digital palpation.

Methods

This cross‐sectional study included 210 women and their PFMs were evaluated by digital palpation (graded according to the Modified Oxford Scale), sEMG and 4D TLUS. Offline analysis of ultrasound volume datasets was performed for measuring the change in levator plate angle, bladder neck elevation, hiatal area narrowing, puborectalis strain, and puborectalis muscle thickness at rest and during PFM contraction. Statistical analysis included Kruskal‐Wallis, Dunn, and Spearman's tests in addition to univariate and multivariate logistic regression, adopting a significance level of 5%.

Results

A weak but significant correlation between the change in levator plate angle and sEMG (P = .04; r = 0.14) was found. All 4D TLUS measurements, except the puborectalis muscle thickness, significantly correlated with digital palpation (P < .0001); with the puborectalis strain and the change in levator plate angle having the strongest combined parameters associated with digital palpation (R2 = 21.77%), despite the low coefficient of determination.

Conclusion

We found that 4D TLUS significantly correlates with digital palpation and sEMG, being the change in the levator plate angle the parameter that best correlates with both methods. While digital palpation is essential during a PFM functional assessment, 4D TLUS is recommended as a beneficial noninvasive clinical tool for a more in‐depth evaluation.
What criteria affect a patient's choice of catheter for self‐catheterization?
Authors: Hentzen Claire , Turmel Nicolas , Chesnel Camille , Miget Gabriel , Le Breton Frederique , Charlanes Audrey , Tan Eliane , Amarenco Gérard
Published: November 2019

Aim

The aim was to determine which criteria are most influential in guiding the patient's choice of catheter during clean intermittent self‐catheterization (CISC) education.

Methods

A questionnaire exploring five traits (catheter design, catheter length, the comfort of use, nurse's explanations, and how easy it was to carry and dispose of the catheter) was administered to all patients who succeeded in performing CISC. The patients had to report the criterion that most influenced their choice, and rate the importance of each criterion from 1 to 4 on a Likert scale (strongly disagree, somewhat disagree, somewhat agree, strongly agree). The study assessed the impact that age, sex, etiology, dependency, motor or sensory upper limb deficiency, and position required to perform CISC may have had on the importance of the different criteria.

Results

Seventy‐three patients were included (mean age, 50.9 ± 14.3 years). The most important criterion was the nurse's explanations (44%), followed by comfort of handling (32%), the discreet aspect of carrying the catheter (15%), and catheter length (7%). The esthetic aspect was not important for 34% of patients, whereas all the other criteria were important for at least 82% of patients. The comfort of handling was more often a priority for those with motor or sensory upper limb disorders (P < .01). The other characteristics of the patients did not impact the way they prioritized the criteria.

Conclusion

These results highlight the importance of extensive training for nurses involved in CISC education, as their explanations have the greatest impact on the patient's choice of the catheter.
Well‐posedness and finite element approximation of time dependent generalized bioconvective flow
Authors: Cao Yanzhao , Chen Song , van Wyk Hans‐Werner
Published: November 2019

We consider the finite element approximation of a time dependent generalized bioconvective flow. The underlying system of partial differential equations consists of incompressible Navier–Stokes type convection equations coupled with an equation describing the transport of micro‐organisms. The viscosity of the fluid is assumed to be a function of the concentration of the micro‐organisms. We show the existence and uniqueness of the weak solution of the system in two dimensions and construct numerical approximations based on the finite element method, for which we obtain error estimates. In addition, we conduct several numerical experiments to demonstrate the accuracy of the numerical method and perform simulations of the bioconvection pattern formations based on realistic model parameters to demonstrate the validity of the proposed numerical algorithm.
On the regularization for ductile damage models
Authors: Langenfeld Kai , Möhring Kerstin , Walther Frank , Mosler Jörn
Published: November 2019

Modeling softening behavior often leads to ill‐posed boundary value problems. This, in turn, results in pathological mesh‐dependent computations as far as the finite‐element‐method is concerned. A by now widely used technique to eliminate these problems is the micromorphic approach by [1,2]. This regularization technique implicitly includes gradients of internal variables into the constitutive model. However, and in contrast to other gradient‐enhanced models, the micromorphic approach preserves the local structure of the underlying local constitutive model. Within this contribution, it is first shown that a standard application of this approach to ductile damage models does not work. By analyzing the respective equations, a modification of the regularization technique is elaborated – first for an isotropic ductile damage model, i.e. scalar‐valued damage. Subsequently, the novel regularization is extended to tensor‐valued damage models.
On Empirical System Gramians
Authors: Grundel Sara , Himpe Christian , Saak Jens
Published: November 2019

State‐space realizations of input‐output systems or control systems are a widely used class of models in engineering, physics, chemistry and biology. For the qualitative and quantitative classification of such systems, the system‐theoretic properties of reachability and observability are essential, which are encoded in so‐called system Gramian matrices. For linear systems these Gramians are computed as solutions to matrix equations, for nonlinear or parametric systems the data‐driven empirical system Gramians approximate the actual system Gramians. These empirical Gramians have manifold applications, for example in model reduction or decentralized control of nonlinear systems, as well as sensitivity analysis, parameter identification and combined state and parameter reduction of parametric systems. Here, we demonstrate that empirical system Gramians are also useful for linear but hyperbolic input‐output systems.
Kinematic hardening and Bauschinger effect
Authors: Tran Tuan Minh , Le Khanh Chau
Published: November 2019

This paper studies a single crystal subjected to anti‐plane shear‐controlled load reversal within the thermodynamic dislocation theory. Numerical simulations of the governing equations demonstrate the size‐dependent kinematic hardening and the Bauschinger effect. Both are caused by the excess dislocations.
High‐Order Numerical Methods for the Thermal Activation of SMA Fibers
Authors: Gleim Tobias , Kuhl Detlef , Schleiting Maximilian , Wetzel Alexander , Middendorf Bernhard
Published: November 2019

The present paper establishes an axisymmetric benchmark model of a conducting loop, which implies an electromagnetic induction. Therein, the MAXWELL equations are demonstrated in a direct formulation (without a potential formulation) with its solution strategy. Standard high‐order LAGRANGE shape functions and a harmonic ansatz are used to solve the electromagnetic behavior. Studies regarding the influence of a steel fiber in a block of concrete are analyzed.
Non‐localized Contact Between Beams with Non‐Circular Cross Sections
Authors: Magliulo Marco , Zilian Andreas , Beex Lars
Published: November 2019

In this contribution, we introduce a contact formulation between beams finite elements with (hyper)elliptical cross sections. The contact scheme allows to model scenarios in which the contact area is finite or the contact area occurs along a line. Although some contact schemes are yet able to do this, they require one of the beams to have a circular cross section [1, 2]. Here however, we focus on non‐circular cross‐sections. Consequently, new projections are required, in which the beam surfaces are used explicitly to formulate contact kinematics.
Model reduction techniques for port‐Hamiltonian differential‐algebraic systems
Authors: Hauschild Sarah-Alexa , Marheineke Nicole , Mehrmann Volker
Published: November 2019

Port‐based network modeling of multi‐physics problems leads naturally to a formulation as port‐Hamiltonian differential‐algebraic systems (pHDAEs). In this way, the physical properties are directly encoded in the structure of the model. Since the state space dimension of such systems may be very large, in particular when the model is a space‐discretized partial differential‐algebraic system, in optimization and control there is a need for model reduction methods that preserve the port‐Hamiltonian (pH) structure while keeping the algebraic constraints unchanged. To combine model reduction for differential‐algebraic equations (DEAs) with port‐Hamiltonian structure preservation, we adapt power conservation based techniques from port‐Hamiltonian systems of ordinary differential equations (pHODEs) to pHDAEs. The performance of the methods is investigated for benchmark examples originating from semi‐discretized flow problems.
Funnel control for linear non‐minimum phase systems
Authors: Berger Thomas
Published: November 2019

We consider tracking control for linear non‐minimum phase systems with known relative degree. For a given reference signal we design a low‐complexity controller which achieves that the tracking error evolves within a prescribed performance funnel. We present a novel approach where a new output is constructed, with respect to which the system has a higher relative degree, but the unstable part of the internal dynamics is eliminated. Using recent results in funnel control, we then design a controller for this new output, which also incorporates a new reference signal. The original output stays within a prescribed performance funnel around the original reference trajectory and all signals in the closed‐loop system are bounded.
Application of a mixed variational higher order plate theory towards understanding the deformation behavior of hybrid laminates
Authors: Jackstadt Alexander , Liebig Wilfried V. , Sessner Vincent , Weidenmann Kay A. , Kärger Luise
Published: November 2019

Hybrid laminates containing an elastomer layer in addition to fiber reinforced polymer as well as metal layers have been found beneficial in compensating issues frequently found with traditional fiber metal laminates. Commonly used equivalent single‐layer shell and plate theories, however, are unable to account for the strong heterogeneous stiffness distribution of the constituents within the laminate. Furthermore, the transverse shear and normal deformations in the elastomer layer are expected to significantly influence the deformation of the neighboring laminae. An accurate depiction of these transverse stresses requires a multi‐layer shell theory as opposed to commonly used single‐layer formulations. Hence, a higher order mixed variational plate theory is applied in order to study and predict the mechanical behavior of such laminates, especially on a structural level where the computational effort forbids the use of a three dimensional continuum formulation.
Towards the incorporation of damage into solid‐shells based on reduced integration
Authors: Barfusz Oliver , Brepols Tim , Frischkorn Jan , Reese Stefanie
Published: November 2019

Some years ago, a family of continuum finite elements based on reduced integration [1], [2], [3] was investigated. Many structural components with different kinds of elastic and inelastic material behaviour were considered and these elements showed accurate results while beeing more efficient than similar three‐dimensional formulations based on full integration. The objective of the present contribution is to extend the analysis to damage and fracture. To this end, we present the incorporation of a modified version of a gradient‐extended damage model [4] based on the micromorphic approach [5] into solids with only a single integration point. Due to the analogy to fully‐coupled thermomechanical problems, we adapt the derivation of a consistent hourglass stabilization from an earlier contribution for multi‐field problems [6]. A numerical benchmark problem of quasi‐brittle fracture reveals the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach. Besides the ability to deliver mesh‐independent results, the framework is especially suitable for highly constrained situations in which conventional low‐order finite elements suffer from well known locking phenomena.
Effect of a rotating magnetic field on the decay of a free‐falling metal jet
Authors: Kasper Tom , Schwarze Rüdiger
Published: November 2019

Additive manufacturing enables the production of individualized high‐grade components. Established techniques can use metal powder as its basic material. The generated product is often limited by the particle size distribution, particle shapes, and its composition. The metal powder manufacturing process needs to be understood and improved to enhance the quality of the fabricated products. In this work, numerical simulations are performed to describe the flow processes of powder production using the method of free‐falling gas atomization. Furthermore, the use and influence of a rotating magnetic field is adapted to the atomization process and investigated by varying the influencing parameters like magnetic field strength and rotational frequency.
Effects of fluid rheology and wetting properties on the droplet motion by a shear flow
Authors: Barwari Beawer , Burgmann Sebastian , Rohde Martin , Janoske Uwe
Published: November 2019

The paper presents an experimental investigation of the detaching mechanisms of adhering droplets exposed to a turbulent air flow, focusing on the specific case of water, glycerine and ethanol droplets on a PMMA and coated silicon wafer surface. A rectangular Plexiglas channel (22 x 22 mm) with a replaceable substrate is used. A controlled air flow is established and increased during the experiment, until the droplet deforms and starts to move from its initial position along the surface. Shadowgraph technique is applied to measure the droplet behavior. The images are automatically analyzed by an edge‐detection algorithm to gain information on the droplet contour, the contact angles and the contact line movement. It was found that the critical velocity required for the onset of the droplet movement decreases with the droplet volume. As the viscosity of the droplet increases, the critical velocity increases. For a particular liquid it is easier to detach the droplets on coated silicon wafers compared to PMMA due to the increase of the hydrophobicity of the substrate. Glycerine droplets move at a slow rate over the surface due to the high viscous damping and reach a certain position only at higher air velocities. The results show that contact angle hysteresis seems not to be the unique factor influencing the critical velocity, since several parameters superpose and affect the droplet detachment process.