bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SHEDDING WITHOUT DYNAMIC WARP LOADING. THE POSSIBILITY OF FORMING A NEW WOVEN STRUCTURE.
Authors: Szosland Janusz
Published: December 2023

The shedding without dynamic warp loading is presented by a loom structure with the use of assembles of multi-angle shedding disks, e.g. quadrangular shedding disks and disks for increasing weft density. Several sets of these assembles form the rotating weaving drum, which is electronically controlled. The new machine loom, the multi-layer rotational weaving machine, allows the manufacture of completely new woven fabric structures, which until now was impossible to achieve with the use of conventional weaving machines. Woven fabrics can be manufactured with the use of warp and weft threads of extremely low tenacity, loose structure and strong developed surface, as can grid structures and woven structures with pile loop. The possibility to utilise unspinnable yarn, roving and selvedges was demonstrated on a model weaving machine specially constructed for the tests.
BEHAVIOUR OF YARN INTERACTED WITH HIGH-SPEED OBJECT UNDER SIDEWAYS-CONSTRAINT
Authors: Hung Dang Vu , Degrieck Joris , Langenhove Lievan Van , Kiekens Paul
Published: December 2023

This paper presents an investigation of the dynamic behaviour of a yarn in an interaction with a high-speed object, for the lower warp sheet during the weaving process. The yarn movement on the object can be described in four stages from non-contact, contact, drop-off and withdrawal. A model is developed to predict this interaction, taking into account several factors such as yarn length, yarn tension, object speed, object orientation and object profile. A comparison of theoretical predictions and experimental measurements for different yarns indicates a good agreement. The theoretical model can be used to optimise the object profile in order to reduce the interactive yarn tension and to avoid any yarn damage.
THE USE OF PLASMA AND NEURAL MODELLING TO OPTIMISE THE APPLICATION OF A REPELLENT COATING TO DISPOSABLE SURGICAL GARMENTS
Authors: Allan G. , Fotheringham A. , Weedall P.
Published: December 2023

The modification of the surface properties of and the application of coatings to textile materials by means of exposure to plasma has attracted much attention in recent years. The advantages of using excited gases include low process cost and duration, and the avoidance of effluents such as solvents or chlorine. Low-pressure plasma treatment with hexafluoroethane has been shown to create a hydrophobic surface on cotton, which would normally be hydrophilic. Cotton is a popular material for surgical garments and drapes because of its comfort and low cost. The acquisition of hydrophobic behaviour will provide haemo-repellancy and the prevention of bacterial attachment. This paper describes a series of designed experiments to vary three parameters for the plasma process, gas concentration, power and duration, and to measure the resulting degrees of hydrophobic behaviour at the cotton surface by means of observing water droplets. Neural networks can provide rapid development of simulation models of processes by adaptation to observed conditions as inputs and the results as outputs. The data from the plasma trials has been used to develop a neural model to predict surface hydrophobic behaviour. The model is itself optimised for interpolative ability, and allows a search to be made through the data space to find the best possible combination of the process parameters to encourage optimal surface treatment, and thus make the cotton most hydrophobic. The work indicates how the environmentally-friendly approach of plasma treatment can be used to provide garments and drapes for surgery which are comfortable but also protective.
EFFECT OF LAUNDERING ON THE DIMENSIONAL STABILITY AND DISTORTION OF KNITTED FABRICS
Authors: Anand S. C. , Brown K. S. M. , Higgins L. G. , Holmes D. A. , Hall M. E. , Conrad D.
Published: December 2023

Three popular 100% cotton knitted fabrics, (plain single-jersey, 1x1 rib and interlock) were subjected to five cycles of four different washing and drying regimes. This was in order to investigate the effect of laundering with detergent as opposed to water, and tumble drying against line drying. The main aim of this work was to systematically investigate the effect of the principal washing and drying variables on the dimensional stability and distortion of knitted fabrics. The work demonstrated that changes occurring after laundering were largely due to alterations in the loop shape, rather than yarn or loop length shrinkage. The fabrics had taken up their fully relaxed dimensions after five wash and dry cycles and appropriate conditions for laundering had been applied, as no significant yarn stitch length or linear density changes occurred. Further research work was conducted to investigate and thus isolate the area of the laundering cycle causing the most dimensional changes and distortion in knitted fabrics. Three 100% cotton knitted fabrics, plain single-jersey, lacoste and interlock, were investigated during this stage of research. These fabrics were subjected to five cycles of different washing and drying regimes which isolated the wash, rinse, spin, agitation during drying and the effect of heat during drying. The work demonstrated that changes occurring after laundering were largely caused due to the agitation during tumble drying. The agitation was found to have caused 34% of the changes during laundering, followed by the spin cycle during washing, which caused 24% of the dimensional changes and distortion.
COMPUTER MODELLING OF THE LYOCELL FIBRE SPINNING PROCESS
Authors: Shao Huili , Liu Ruigang , Hu Xuechao
Published: December 2023

The cellulose Lyocell fibre spinning process can be divided into two processes, a dry spinning process in the air gap, and a wet spinning process in the coagulation bath. In order to simulate the process in the air gap, the heat capacity Cp, the density ρ, and the elongational viscosity η were measured by experiments carried out as a function of temperature and concentration of cellulose. The calculated diameters and temperature profiles along the spinning path were compared with the experimental results. The concentration of N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) in the fibre (in the coagulation bath) was also measured during the experiments, and the diffusion coefficient was then calculated. Using the data obtained, the time during which the NMMO content in the fibre reaches the equilibrium state in the coagulation bath can be predicted.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF (METH)ACRYLOYLOXYSTARCH
Authors: Stawski D. , Jantas R.
Published: December 2023

By Schotten-Bauman's esterification of starch with (meth)acryloyl chlorides, an ester derivative of starch - (meth)acryloyloxystarch - was prepared, which contains double bonds. The original starch and (meth)acryloyloxystarch were characterised by FTIR, 1HNMR, 13C-NMR, GPC and TGA. (Meth)acryloyloxystarch was polymerised in solution by the free-radical process and by photopolymerisation in a solid state to obtain a crosslinked product.
THE EFFECT OF NAFTA ON THE US SPINNING INDUSTRY
Authors: Dodd Parrish Erin , Oxenham William
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the research presented in this paper has been to examine the effects of NAFTA on the US short staple spinning industry. Yarn, particularly cotton, plays a critical role in the apparel supply chain, and therefore the factors that affect yarn, in turn, also affect apparel. Since the inception of NAFTA in 1994, many changes have taken place in the US short staple spinning industry, as well as the entire textile and apparel industry. However, this paper will examine current trends, which have resulted primarily from NAFTA, but also the Asian financial crisis. Specific focus will be given to yarn production levels, price, imports, exports and labor.
A FUNCTIONAL WOVEN FABRIC WITH CONTROLLED FRICTION COEFFICIENTS PREVENTING BEDSORES
Authors: Snycerski Marek , Frontczak-Wasiak Izabela
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This article presents the design and manufacture of a double-layer woven fabric with
different friction coefficients on the right and left sides of the fabric, and additional of the
friction coefficient differentiated by direction of the fabric. Cotton and viscose yarns have
been used as raw materials for the production of woven fabric, taking into account the
future use of such a fabric for anti-bedsore sheets.
STUDIES ON STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF NEPHILA-SPIDER SILK DRAGLINE
Authors: Seenivasan Rengasamy Raju , Jassal Manjeet , Rameshkumar Chidambaram
Published: December 2023

Spider dragline silk is an extremely strong biopolymer and has unique combination of desirable mechanical properties. In the present paper dragline of Golden Nephila spider was studied for dimensional, structural, physical and tensile properties. The test results established significant variability in diameter and denier of dragline filaments. The filaments possessed nearly circular cross-section and were found to be sensitive to moisture. The draglines exhibited super contraction in water. It has high strength and large elongation to break (45.9 cN/tex and 38.7 %, respectively). X-ray crystallinity of 17.5 % was obtained. The fibres were also subjected to thermo- mechanical and dynamic mechanical analysis.
GAS FLOW AROUND AND THROUGH TEXTILE STRUCTURES DURING PLASMA TREATMENT
Authors: Verschuren J. , Kiekens P.
Published: December 2023

An experimental plasma reactor has been developed that enables the study of aspects related to the flow of a gas around and into textile structures while they are treated in a plasma at reduced pressure. A selection of experiments draws attention to the fact that even at reduced pressure a textile forms a barrier for a gas containing plasma-created species, resulting in an ‘edge effect’. It is also shown how basic variations in the structure of a textile influence the penetration of the treatment effect. The ratio of textile thickness to its porosity is proposed as a simple rule of thumb for assessing the effect of penetration and etching efficiency.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR VIRTUAL DRAFT SYSTEM SIMULATION (VDSS)
Authors: Amin A. E. , Al-Geiheini A. S. , El-Hawary I. A.
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The textile sliver drafting process has a decisive influence on the quality of yarn
produced, and from the point of view of system theory it is marked by non-linearity,
distributed delays and highly oscillatory disturbance response. As with most other textile
manufacturing processes, this process has received almost no attention in control
engineering literature. Motivated by the current needs of textile manufacturing, this paper
introduces a suitable mathematical model of virtual draft system simulation.
PLAIN STITCH-BONDED MULTI-PLIES FOR TEXTILE REINFORCED CONCRETE
Authors: Hausding Jan , Engler Thomas , Franzke Gerd , Köckritz Uwe , Cherif Chokri
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This paper presents the research activities in the field of textile reinforced concrete
carried out by the Institute of Textile and Clothing Technology (ITB) of the Technische
Universität Dresden, Germany. Extensive research has been conducted with the aim to
fully use the tensile strength of the applied high-performance fiber material in the
reinforcing textile. To achieve this, the textile machinery was adjusted and improved and
new testing methods were developed. This research has resulted thus far in several
innovative applications for the repair of existing buildings as well as the production of
precast concrete parts.
EFFECT OF SIZING ON WEAVABILITY OF DREF YARNS
Authors: Behera B. K. , Joshi V. K.
Published: December 2023

The optimum-size add-on for corespun Dref yarns and 100% cotton Dref yarns was studied, and was found to be approximately 15%. A rich size recipe consisting of acrylic at high add-on further improves the weavability, although it fails to bring the weaving potential to a par with that of ring- and rotor-yarns sized with normal modified starch at low add-on.
THE EXAMINATION OF MOLECULAR AND SUPERMOLECULAR STRUCTURE CHANGES OF MAN-MADE CELLULOSE FIBRES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF UV RADIATION
Authors: Alvarez Joanna , Lipp-Symonowicz Barbara , Kardas Iwona
Published: December 2023

Abstract

This paper presents research into the influence of UV radiation on the molecular and
supermolecular structure of first-, second-, and third-generation manmade cellulose
fibres, differing from each other in their initial structures and containing dulling agents.
STUDIES ON FRICTIONAL BEHAVIOUR OF CHITOSANCOATED FABRICS
Authors: Bhuvana  , Dev Giri , Raghunathan  , Subramaniam
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Anti-microbial finishing has been an area of constant interest for processors. In this
paper, we carried out studies into the frictional behaviour of the chitosan-coated fabrics.
With the increase in chitosan concentration, a decrease in frictional constant values is
observed. Test parameters such as normal load and area of contact are bound to affect
the frictional values. With an increase in normal load, a decrease in frictional values is
observed; and with an increase in the area of contact, a decrease in frictional values is
observed.
MOISTURE/SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF STARCH-FILLED POLY (STYRENE-CO-BUTYL ACRYLATE) LATEX BASED COMPOSITES REINFORCED WITH POLYESTER NONWOVEN FABRIC
Authors: Satheesh Kumar M. N. , Siddaramaiah
Published: December 2023

Poly (styrene-co-butyl acrylate) latex was prepared with a 70:30 weight ratio of styrene to butyl acrylate. The prepared latex was incorporated with various weight percentages of cornstarch. The cornstarch-filled copolymer latex was used as a matrix to fabricate the polyester nonwoven fabric reinforced composites. The pickup ratio of latex to fabric was maintained at 3.2:1. The moisture sorption characteristics of composites were examined at 270C for water activity (aw) from 0.1 to 0.9. The sorption data was used to fit six different sorption isotherm models proposed in the literature. The model constants were determined by linear fitting of the sorption equations. The ranges of applicability of water activity for the isotherm models reported in the article lies between 0.1 and 0.4 (monomolecular layer) for the Braunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) model, and between 0.3 and 0.9 (multimolecular and capillary condensation layers) for other models. The value of the coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.97±0.02) confirms the linear fitting of the equations studied.
DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN TEXTILE MATERIALS BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY: VERIFICATION OF THE TEST METHOD
Authors: Tonetti Cinzia , Innocenti Riccardo
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The objective of this research was to identify the analytical steps affecting the quantitative assessment for the
determination of heavy metals in textile materials and to test the selected extraction conditions, with the intent of
developing a standardized and shared method that would help promote textile products, both in terms of safety
for the environment and health of citizens, and of safety for workers exposed during the production process and
for end users. The method was applied to a textile materials dyed with a chromium dyestuff at two different
concentrations. The metals analyzed were total Cr and Cr VI. The extraction was carried out by means of the
artificial perspiration solution, according to the standard adopted by the most important textile ecolabelling
schemes operating in the European market. The extract was filtered under vacuum and analyzed by means of
atomic absorption spectrometry for total Cr and UV-Visible spectroscopy for Cr VI. The tests were carried out
varying some extraction parameters as temperature of the solution, time of contact and material-to-liquor ratio
extraction. Finally the metal extraction profit was derived by the determination of total chromium in the ashes.
The results show that the quantity of total chromium and CrVI extracted is affected principally by the temperature
of the solution and by the material-to-liquor ratio extraction, and less by the time of contact. The percentage of
metal extraction profit vary according to the extraction conditions, from 32% to 44%.
A RULE-BASED EXPERT SYSTEM TO ESTABLISH THE LINKAGE BETWEEN YARN TWIST FACTOR AND END-USE
Authors: Dlodlo Nomusa , Hunter Lawrance , Botha Anton F. , Cele Cyprian , Metelerkamp Roger
Published: December 2023

Abstract

Optimising the technical and economic requirements to obtain a yarn with the appropriate twist level for sustained
yarn quality and usage is of paramount importance. This paper describes the concepts and development of a
rule-based expert system to establish the optimum linkage between the yarn twist factor and end-use of a yarn
and determine the appropriate twist for the particular yarn.
STUDY OF THE ABRASION RESISTANCE IN THE UPHOLSTERY OF AUTOMOBILE SEATS
Authors: Jerkovic Ivona , Pallares Josep M. , Capdevila Xavier
Published: December 2023

Abstract

The automotive manufacturing industry is a key user of technical textiles. Cars consume a large amount of
material, and the textiles are not an exception. The objective of this study is to compare four abrasion testers,
which are used for the automobile sector. Previously the test parameters have been determined to make the
most precise comparison, and four car seat upholstery structures have been compared. Martindale is the most
complex abrasion tester: it generates a movement according to a curve of Lissajous and can test several
samples simultaneously for a machine cycle; for this reason, it has been determined that part of the total results
variations is attributable to the parameters of the used apparatus and tested structures as well.
LIGHT TRANSMISSION THROUGH DECORATIVE KNITTED FABRICS IN CORRELATION WITH THEIR FABRIC COVER
Authors: Szmyt Joanna , Mikolajczyk Zbigniew
Published: December 2023

The cover factor of Jacquard decorative knitted fabrics determines the quantity of light going through the knitted material. By changing the fabric cover of the knitted material it is possible to influence both the aesthetic and functional features of the product. The intensity of light transmission, determined on the basis of an instrumental method of measuring the light-barrier properties of knitted decorative products, was correlated with values of the fabric cover determined on the basis of both theoretical analysis and experiments.
THE EFFECT OF LOOP LENGTH AND YARN LINEAR DENSITY ON THE THERMAL PROPERTIES OF BAMBOO KNITTED FABRIC
Authors: Chidambaram Prakash , Govind Ramakrishnan , Chandramouli Venkataraman Koushik
Published: December 2023

Abstract

In this work, the thermal comfort properties of bamboo knitted fabrics have been studied in relation to loop
length and yarn linear density. The objective was to determine the influence of fabric factors such as loop length
and the constituent yarn linear density on the fabric properties such as air permeability, thermal conductivity,
thermal resistance and relative water vapour permeability. Yarns with linear densities of 20s Ne, 25s Ne, 30s Ne
with the same twist levels were used to construct the fabrics of single jersey structure with loop lengths of 2.7 mm,
2.7 mm and 3.1 mm. The anticipated increase in air permeability and relative water-vapour permeability with a
decrease in yarn linear density and increase in loop length was observed. In general, the thermal conductivity
and thermal resistance tended to increase with the constituent yarn linear density but decreased with an increase
in loop length.
The Role of Registration in Perfecting Non-Possessory Secured Transactions over Movables: What is the Extent of the Third-Party Effectiveness
Authors: Gürsel Yaman , Süzel Ece Baş
Published: December 2023

31Abstract

The World Bank uses getting credit as a measurement of a country’s economic development, and a common approach to bolstering economic activity is to carry out necessary reforms on secured transactions laws.1 Amongst many legal systems, a non-possessory security interest over movable assets subject to registration is prominent.2 While the number of security instruments has drastically increased within the last century, one of the most sophisticated ones was invented more than 150 years ago: floating charge.3 Many of its features have been modified in line with the evolving needs of the market, yet its constitutive specialties stayed the same to provide sufficient flexibility for borrowers and creditors. In this paper, we analyze the role of registration and its effects, while examining the functioning of the debtor’s (borrower’s) right to dispose of encumbered assets by identifying the limits imposed on their withdrawal from the ambit of creditors’ security interests, exploring diverging implementations given the different restrictions deployed by various legislators.
Appropriateness and clinical outcomes of short sustained low-efficiency dialysis: A national experience
Authors: Rahhal Alaa , Najim Mostafa , Mahfouz Ahmed , Habib Mhd Baraa , Hassen Sara Seife , Al-Shekh Isra’a , Ahmed Ashraf Omer , Toba Haneen , Abbarh Shahem , El Hassan Mawahib , Al Yafei Sumaya , Badr Amr , Mahmoud Khaled Mohamed
Published: December 2023

Sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) is usually performed over 6–12 h among hemodynamically unstable patients. Conduction of 4-h SLED may spare time and manpower during hospitalization. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective observational study to explore the appropriateness and clinical outcomes of 4-h SLED among critically ill patients admitted to our center from 1/06/2016 to 1/06/2020. Renal parameters including blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, and bicarbonate were determined on the day of dialysis before SLED and within 24 h after SLED, and clinical outcomes including, acute kidney injury (AKI) recovery, in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, 180-day mortality, and re-admission with AKI, were evaluated. Of the 304 patients included, 69.4% were male. The majority of patients were from the Middle East (65.8%), followed by 28.6% from Asia. Four-hour SLED resulted in a significant improvement in the renal parameters. Recovery from AKI was observed in 25.4%, in-hospital mortality rate was 48.7%, while the 30- and 180-day mortality outcomes were 3.2 and 9.6%, respectively, and re-admission with AKI was observed in 16.9%. Our findings suggest that 4-h SLED significantly improved renal parameters and was associated with favorable clinical outcomes in terms of survival and AKI recovery, suggesting possible utilization of SLED shorter than 6 h in the acute settings to preserve time and manpower for procedures.
Hashtags and heritage: the use of #italianamerican on Instagram
Authors: Longo Stephanie A. , Towers Scott Andrea
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Using both framing theory and Collier’s cultural identity theory, this paper seeks to study the use of #italianamerican on Instagram by first attempting to determine if it is used exclusively by Italian Americans as a way to demonstrate their own cultural identity. The paper will then examine whether the message valence of posts using #italianamerican demonstrates users’ personal perceptions of Italian American culture. Finally, the paper will examine if there is a relationship between #italianamerican posters’ ethnicity and the message valence of their posts. This paper does not argue that Italian Americans are the only Americans of European ancestry taking part in the hashtag phenomenon; rather, this paper is meant to examine how one ethnic group attempts to define itself by its use of digital and social media.

Design/methodology

This simple exploratory study examined the 50 most recent Instagram posts using #italianamerican as they appeared on November 1, 2022. The posts were sent to two independent coders who analyzed their visual content.

Findings

This study provides insight into how ethnicity and cultural familiarity are associated. Results show that message valence and ethnicity are not linked, as anyone can admire and respect a culture and post a positive message about it on social media, even if it is not their culture of origin. Members of a specific ethnic group tend to have a stronger familiarity with their culture of origin, as demonstrated by the posts selected for this study.

Implications

This study showed that Italian Americans use social media to educate others about their heritage, as well as to celebrate their culture of origin.

Value

The methods used in this study could be applied to other European American ethnic groups and their social media usage, including Irish Americans, Polish Americans, and German Americans, among others.
Anticorrosion studies of 5-acetyl-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one: approach from experimental, DFT studies, and MD simulation
Authors: Farzana Arifa B. , Ahamed Mashood F. M. , Sundaravadivelu Ambika , Gber Terkumbur E. , Odey Samuel E. , Odey Michael O. , Owen Aniekan E. , Louis Hitler
Published: December 2023

The effectiveness of 5-acetyl-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-1-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic conditions was investigated herein through the experimental and theoretical approach. Experimental results demonstrated that this compound acts as a reliable corrosion inhibitor (η %) for mild steel in acidic environments, with its inhibition efficiency increasing as the inhibitor concentration rises. Adsorption behavior on the mild steel surface followed Langmuir and Temkin adsorption isotherms. Electrochemical polarization tests indicated that the compound exhibited a mixed corrosion type, and impedance spectroscopy revealed an increase in charge transfer resistance with higher inhibitor concentrations. Examination of the mild steel surface using SEM and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) confirmed the formation of a protective film. Wettability characteristics were assessed using the contact angle method. Frontier molecular orbital analysis revealed the HOMO and LUMO values for both the neutral and protonated forms of the compound. At 289 °C, the interaction energy for adsorption was found to be approximately −146.3006 kJ/mol for the neutral system and −135.8122 kJ/mol for the protonated system, while at 318 °C, the corresponding values were −140.6106 kJ/mol and −147.6022 kJ/mol. These findings collectively suggest the potential industrial utility of the investigated inhibitor as an effective corrosion inhibitor.
Implementação do estágio nas escolas reais: constribuição para a história de um desafio estrutural das políticas de formação de professores
Authors: Barra Valdeniza Maria Lopes da
Published: December 2023

A história da formação docente no país sofre inflexões importantes a partir da lei nº 5.692/71, dentre as quais, a competência e a estruturação da formação de professores e profissionais afins, tendo em vista os diferentes níveis de ensino, bem como espaços ou funções de atuação. No conjunto destas mudanças se inclui um aspecto do currículo que modifica o estatuto da disciplina Prática de Ensino, conforme Resolução do CFE nº 9 de 10 de outubro de 1969, obrigando a sua realização, em formato de estágio, nas escolas em situação real. Aqui se propõe identificar os processos de implementação do estágio nas escolas, a partir de duas portarias da Secretaria de Estado da Educação de São Paulo: Portaria CEBN/SP de 02/05/72 e Portaria CEBN/SP nº3 de 22/01/74, reconhecendo-se nestes documentos, o poder instituinte de aspectos operacionais e conceituais do estágio que, desde a sua origem, persistem como desafios estruturais da formação de professores no país.
Assistência à infância na Província do Maranhão: a Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia (1850-1880)
Authors: Dutra Rosyane de Moraes Martins
Published: December 2023

A Irmandade da Misericórdia, no Maranhão, como no resto do Brasil, foi uma das instituições de caridade que assumiram a assistência aos desvalidos. Fundada em São Luís, em 1623, as Misericórdias alargaram suas funções no Oitocentos com a construção de igrejas, hospitais e cemitério a fim de estabelecerem seu patrimônio em terras maranhenses. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a organização da Irmandade da Misericórdia na assistência a infância maranhense, em documentos sobre finanças e estatísticas da instituição entre os anos 1850 e 1880. Para isso, realizou-se os estudos da historiografia maranhense, que registraram a atuação da Irmandade no Maranhão Imperial e a investigação dos documentos no Acervo do Arquivo Público do Estado do Maranhão, referente as ações da Santa Casa na assistência as crianças, como os relatórios de província, mapas estatísticos e ofícios da Santa Casa. Com os resultados desse levantamento, verificou-se a atuação da Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Maranhão na assistência aos desvalidos, na administração dos recursos e na manutenção dos espaços institucionais, percebendo suas constituições, os sujeitos que geriam os serviços e os encaminhamentos dados as crianças abandonadas.
Memórias discentes sobre a cultura material escolar e a formação de professores: elos de um percurso formativo
Authors: Michel Caroline Braga , Amaral Alessandra , Vicente Magda de Abreu
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho teve como intuito inventariar artefatos culturais presentes nas memórias escolares de estudantes de cursos de licenciaturas por compreender que por meio delas é possível problematizar a história das disciplinas escolares, as práticas e propostas pedagógicas relacionadas ao ensino e a formação de professores. Para realizar a coleta e a análise dos dados foi utilizada a perspectiva teórica da história cultural tendo como metodologia as rodas de conversas. Os dados apresentados neste texto foram produzidos no período de 2019 a 2020 em duas instituições públicas de Ensino Superior do Rio Grande do Sul, e  correspondem à participação de 86 estudantes oriundos de três cursos distintos: Licenciatura em Matemática, Licenciatura em Ciências Exatas e Licenciatura em Educação Física. Assim, as memórias elencadas permitiram a identificação de um conjunto de artefatos que denotam similaridades nas materialidades e seus usos, bem como mudanças e/ou dissonâncias em suas compreensões.
A problematização do uso de comentários e descrições em posts da internet na pesquisa em história da educação
Authors: Martiarena Maria Augusta , Santos Bruna Luiz dos
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo faz parte do projeto denominado “História da Educação, Educação Profissional e das relações Trabalho e Educação no Litoral Norte gaúcho (séculos XIX, XX e XXI)”. Assim, através da investigação em acervos digitais no que tange o referido projeto, surgiu a problemática  de analisar o uso dos comentários e descrições feitos em posts na internet, seja em sites, blogs ou redes sociais. Pretende-se, portanto, discorrer sobre o assunto, seus obstáculos e contribuições, tendo como foco o âmbito da pesquisa em História da Educação. Ainda, vale salientar que, neste trabalho, abrange-se tanto a descrição do próprio autor em determinado post quanto, também, as colaborações de outras pessoas no mesmo post em forma de comentários. Por fim, acredita-se que, apesar das dificuldades encontradas, as descrições e comentários contribuem para que um novo olhar seja construído na pesquisa histórica.
ПРОФЕСІЙНА МОБІЛЬНІСТЬ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ЯК УМОВА КОНКУРЕНТНОСТІ ЩОДО НАДАННЯ ОСВІТНІХ ПОСЛУГ
Authors: PRYSTUPA YEVHEN , KRYSHTANOVYCH SVITLANA
Published: December 2023

У статті розглядається професійна мобільність як важлива якість майбутнього вчителя фізичної культури на ринку освітніх послуг. Обґрунтовується, що професійна компетентність є запорукою формування професійно мобільного педагога в закладах вищої освіти і в майбутньому гарантуватиме йому успішне виконання фахових обов’язків у навчальній та виховній діяльності в освітніх закладах. Встановлено, що професійна мобільність учителя фізичної культури – це готовність особистості до професійної активності, а саме: бути гнучким до змін в освітній галузі, адекватно сприймати та здійснювати оцінку щодо нововведень у системі освіти, саморозвиватися та самоудосконалюватися, розробляти авторські навчальні програми, упроваджувати інноваційні методи, форми та засоби на різних етапах навчання учнів, виховувати здобувачів освіти в демократичному освітньому середовищі; до творчості та креативності щодо виконання завдань у різних видах діяльності.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ЕТИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ СФЕРИ
Authors: ZOZULIAK-SLUCHYK ROKSOLIANA
Published: December 2023

У статті проаналізовано процес професійно-етичної підготовки майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери в закладах вищої освіти.

Закцентовано увагу на ролі впливу змісту професійно-орієнтованих  дисциплін та практичної підготовки  на ефективність професійно-етичної підготовки студентів у закладах вищої освіти. Авторкою встановлено  рівень розвиненості професіоналізму викладачів, котрі здійснюють професійно-етичну підготовку майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери.
SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING METHOD IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES FOR PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
Authors: SIVKOVYCH HALYNA , BOICHUK ALLA , TYTUN OKSANA
Published: December 2023

The article outlines the peculiarities of students’ self-directed learning organization in mastering foreign languages for professional purposes; the concept ‘self-directed learning’ is disclosed and its multiplicity and complexity has been proved. The authors consider self-directed learning as an important component of educational process, as a method of teaching and self-education, and as an important factor in the theoretical and practical training of students for future professional activities. The types, forms and methods of self-directed learning used in the process of teaching foreign languages for professional purposes are analyzed; the main approaches to encouraging students for successful self-directed learning are characterized. Special attention is paid to teacher’s professional and methodical preparation for effective independent work organization; pedagogical conditions for this process efficient implementation have been defined. The article notes that self-directed learning includes the main trends of modern methodology of teaching foreign languages, namely: development of speech, language, educational and cognitive competences; individual approach in teaching, motivation for mastering a foreign language at the level sufficient for professional communication.
КОМПЕТЕНТНІСНИЙ ПІДХІД ЯК ЧИННИК ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ФАХІВЦІВ У СИСТЕМІ ВИЩОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: CHUBIІ IRINA
Published: December 2023

У статті здійснено аналіз компетентнісного підходу як чинника професійного становлення фахівців у системі вищої медичної освіти; узагальнено відомості про ключові дефініції вищої медичної освіти. З'ясовано сутність понять "компетентність", "компетенція", "компетентнісний підхід", що передбачає підвищення професійної та педагогічної кваліфікації викладачів і підготовки студентів медичних закладів до професійної діяльності.
Editorial
Authors: Moreno Ortiz Juan Carlos , López López Juan Sebastián
Published: December 2023

El presente número de la revista Cuadernos de Filosofía Latinoamericana contiene nueve artículos. Los primeros cuatro textos se refieren a algunos temas y problemas relevantes para la filosofía latinoamericana. Los cinco textos restantes son contribuciones misceláneas, relacionadas con las interpretaciones de los pensamientos filosóficos de Merleau Ponty, Rousseau, Hume, Camus, y Foucault principalmente. Con el propósito de facilitar la consulta de los artículos, se ofrecen a continuación algunas aproximaciones generales a sus contenidos.
La anarquía es lo que los estados hacen de ella: la construcción social de la política de poder
Authors: WENDT Alexander
Published: December 2023

Todas las teorías de relaciones internacionales se basan en teorías sociales de relaciones entre agentes, procesos y estructuras sociales. Las teorías sociales no determinan el contenido de nuestra teoría internacional, pero estructuran las preguntas que nos hacemos sobre la política mundial y nuestros enfoques en las respuestas a esas cuestiones. El principal asunto que se cuestiona en los debates sobre teoría social es el tipo de fundamento que puede ofrecer el conjunto de preguntas y las estrategias de investigación más provechosas para poder explicar los cambios revolucionarios que parecen estar ocurriendo en el sistema internacional desde finales del siglo XX.
"La raza y la clase en los albores de la campaña por los derechos de las mujeres", en Mujeres, raza y clase, Akal, Madrid, 2004
Authors: DAVIS Angela Y.
Published: December 2023

Este fragmento presenta la evolución inicial del movimiento por los derechos de las mujeres en los Estados Unidos a mediados del siglo XIX, así como sus relaciones con variables relacionales como la clase social y la raza. En concreto, se narra, en primer lugar, la experiencia histórica de la organización de la primera convención sobre los derechos de las mujeres en Seneca Falls, Nueva York.
La autora pone de manifiesto, en segundo lugar, las afinidades y tensiones existentes en un primer momento entre las mujeres blancas burguesas que participaron en la convención de Seneca Falls, y las mujeres trabajadoras tanto de raza blanca como de raza negra, que reivindicaban la abolición de la esclavitud y el reconocimiento de sus derechos en igualdad con los hombres. La idea que subyace al texto es que las luchas por los derechos de clase, raza y género, si bien en un principio aparecen de forma separada, paulatinamente se entrecruzan y van construyendo un tronco común y único en favor de la igualdad.
Globalización, Modernidad y Democracia. El caso de Turquía
Authors: KEYMAN E. Fuat
Published: December 2023

Desde el 11-S el discurso del “choque de civilizaciones” ha jugado un papel importante en la conformación de los asuntos mundiales, y ha llevado a una codificación del islam como negación de la modernidad secular y de la democracia liberal. En este contexto, han sido varias las respuestas a la urgente necesidad de luchar contra el terrorismo: “la exportación de la democracia mediante la guerra y la ocupación”, para unos, y el llamamiento a una “gobernanza democrática global” como base para la coexistencia entre diferentes culturas y civilizaciones, para otros. El presente artículo se orienta hacia esta última opción proponiendo el caso de Turquía como ejemplo paradigmático de una “modernidad alternativa” que ha experimentado, aunque no sin dificultades, la coexistencia del islam con la modernidad y la democracia.
Hacia unos ejércitos multiculturales Los casos de España, Reino Unido y Holanda
Authors: DE CUETO Carlos , NOVOA Victoria
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los factores que han potenciado las políticas de promoción de la multiculturalidad en los ejércitos profesionales de tres países europeos: Holanda, Reino Unido y España. Para ello, se distinguirá entre entre aquellas políticas que van dirigidas a la integración de las minorías etnoculturales dentro de las instituciones públicas que son las implementadas por Reino Unido y Holanda; y aquellas medidas dirigidas a promover y contribuir a la integración de los inmigrantes en las sociedades de acogida, política que sigue España. Veremos qué beneficios aportan este tipo de políticas a la institución militar y cuáles son los desafíos a los que deben hacer frente estos estados a la hora de intentar que sus ejércitos “reflejen” la creciente multiculturalidad de sus sociedades.
La cooperación Sur-Sur y la búsqueda de autonomía en América Latina: ¿Mito o realidad?
Authors: LECHINI Gladys
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo pretende acercar una reflexión en torno a los modos de pensar lo que sucede en el mundo, es decir, cómo se construye teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales desde varias latitudes, y principalmente desde una situación Sur, de periferia. La idea es discutir los supuestos básicos subyacentes a los modos imperantes de validar el conocimiento científico y relatar brevemente cómo se está pensando desde América Latina. Por ello se avanza en la explicación del “Sur”, como concepto y como realidad, para luego abordar y definir la cooperación Sur-Sur (CSS) en sus variadas acepciones, tomando como ejemplo el lugar que le cabe a dicha cooperación en las políticas exteriores de Brasil y Argentina.
Inclusão e Justiça Social nas Escolas Portuguesas: Discursos Políticos e de Avaliação
Authors: Leite Carlinda , Monteiro Angélica , Sampaio Marta
Published: December 2023

O direito de todos à educação e à igualdade de oportunidades de sucesso escolar reclamam das escolas práticas que promovam a aprendizagem de todos, em linha com princípios de justiça social. Tendo esta problemática por referência, foi realizado um estudo que responde às seguintes perguntas: Que indicadores de justiça social norteiam políticas do sistema educativo português? Que efeitos têm sido identificados nestas políticas pela avaliação externa das escolas? Que condições facilitam e que condições dificultam a implementação dessas práticas orientadas para a justiça social? A análise de conteúdo de documentos legislativos, de respostas de Diretores de Escolas a um questionário e de relatórios de avaliação externa de escolas permitiu concluir que as políticas apontam para uma justiça orientada pelos seguintes indicadores: equidade; reconhecimento e valorização da diversidade; inclusão; envolvimento dos pais ou encarregados de educação e da comunidade educativa; oportunidades de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento pessoal; acesso a recursos. Na sua concretização, o indicador “equidade”, muitas vezes associado a “inclusão”, é o mais presente e muitas vezes apontado como ponto forte. O estudo permitiu também reconhecer adesão dos diretores de escolas às políticas, embora enunciando dificuldades na sua concretização
Principios de la Pedagogía y Educación Indígena como Base para Implementar la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe
Authors: Quintriqueo Segundo , Muñoz Gerardo , Arias-Ortega Katerin , Morales Saavedra Soledad , Andrade-Mansilla Elías , Zapata Viviana
Published: December 2023

El artículo problematiza sobre los principios de la pedagogía y educación indígena para implementar la educación intercultural bilingüe, como eje articulador entre los conocimientos escolares y los conocimientos mapuches, en el caso de La Araucanía, Chile. La metodología es una revisión teórica de la literatura normativa, científica y de divulgación científica a nivel nacional e internacional. Se utiliza el análisis de contenido, el que permite develar núcleos de contenido de orden abstracto, tanto a nivel explícito como implícito, con el propósito de comprender las prácticas que limitan y/o posibilitan la incorporación de los principios de la pedagogía y educación indígena en la educación escolar. Los principales resultados dan cuenta que en territorios de colonización existen una base de saberes y conocimientos indígenas que permitirían la transversalización de la pedagogía y educación indígena en la educación escolar, para ofrecer una educación intercultural que favorezca la revitalización de la identidad sociocultural de niños indígenas y no indígenas, visibilizando la existencia de un pluralismo epistemológico en territorios indígenas. Concluimos que es urgente incorporar los principios de la pedagogía y educación indígena a la educación escolar
Simulating 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) elimination in a pond inhabited by freshwater algae of the Rhizoclonium genus
Authors: Khromykh N. O. , Marenkov O. M. , Sharamok T. S. , Anishchenko A. O. , Yesipova N. B. , Nesterenko O. S. , Kurchenko V. O. , Mylostyvyi R. V.
Published: December 2023

Military operations over large areas of Ukraine lead to release of explosives and their derivatives into the environment with subsequent accumulation in natural and artificial water bodies, which unwittingly serve as reservoirs for collecting pollutants from the catchment area. The need to restore aquatic ecosystems dictates the search for efficient, cost-effective and environmentally friendly methods for the elimination of explosives, which corresponds to the processes of biological treatment. In this work, we examined the ability of common freshwater algae of the genus Rhizoclonium to detoxify 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) under model conditions of water pollution (at a TNT concentration of 100 mg/L). The exposure time of the algae to TNT was 48 hours, during which the content of TNT and nitrites in the aqueous medium was monitored, as well as the content of chlorophyll and the activity of glutathione S-transferase in plant tissues. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene was extracted from the aqueous medium with toluene, followed by separation in a separatory funnel, removal of residual water with sodium sulfate, and reduction of the extract volume using a rotary evaporator. The decrease in the concentration of TNT, established by GC-MS technique, was 66.4% by the end of the experiment, while the content of nitrites increased almost 15-fold. In the algae cells, a threefold increase in the enzymatic activity was observed already in the second hour of exposure, followed by a gradual decrease and maintenance at a level of 50% of the control until the end of the experiment. The total chlorophyll content increased significantly from the sixth hour of exposure to the end of the experiment due to an increase in the content of chlorophyll b. The results obtained indicate the efficient biodegradation process and prospects of using algae of the genus Rhizoclonium for cleaning water bodies contaminated with TNT.
Gut microbiota and changes in cytokine profile in animals with experimental acute disseminated peritonitis on the background of diabetes
Authors: Verveha B. M. , Gutyj B. V. , Holubiev M. I. , Kondro M. M. , Dats І. V.
Published: December 2023

In the pathogenesis of acute widespread peritonitis and accompanying diabetes, a vital link is an endogenous intoxication caused by the translocation of microorganisms and their toxins from the intestine into the blood, metabolic changes, and immunological reactivity of the body. Our work aimed to investigate the microbial composition in the parietal intestinal biotope and the features of the blood cytokine profile in animals with acute disseminated peritonitis on the background of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The study was conducted on 56 sexually mature non-linear white male rats. Diabetes mellitus was modeled by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). On the 14th day of the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, a 10% filtered fecal suspension (0.5 mL) was injected into the abdominal cavity of animals, and acute generalized peritonitis was initiated. Sowing on nutrient media was carried out for bacteriological research to isolate a pure culture of microorganisms and their identification. The concentration of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was studied by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. The research results demonstrate an imbalance of cytokines in the dynamics of experimental acute disseminated peritonitis against the background of diabetes and quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbiota of the parietal intestinal biotope. A decrease in the number of Escherichia coli strains isolated in monoculture and an increase in the number of two-component and three-component microbial associations were revealed, among which Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides spp., Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella spp. and Candida species prevailed.
[Traducción al español] Editorial: ¿Cuál es el idioma de la ciencia? Nuevas declaraciones de consenso en español
Authors: Aragón Vargas Luis Fernando
Published: December 2023

Se presentan algunas reflexiones relacionadas con la publicación de las primeras dos declaraciones de consenso en español. Se plantea la importancia de divulgar información de este tipo para promover la práctica profesional en ciencias del movimiento humano basada en la evidencia.