bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
National Intravenous Acetaminophen Use in Pediatric Inpatients From 2011–2016
Authors: Patel Anita K. , Gai Jiaxiang , Trujillo-Rivera Eduardo , Faruqe Farhana , Kim Dongkyu , Bost James E. , Pollack Murray M.
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

To 1) determine current intravenous (IV) acetaminophen use in pediatric inpatients; and 2) determine the association between opioid medication duration when used with or without IV acetaminophen.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of pediatric inpatients exposed to IV acetaminophen from January 2011 to June 2016, using the national database Health Facts.

RESULTS

Eighteen thousand one hundred ninety-seven (2.0%) of 893,293 pediatric inpatients received IV acetaminophen for a median of 14 doses per patient (IQR, 8–56). A greater proportion of IV acetaminophen patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (14.8% vs 5.1%, p < 0.0001), received positive pressure ventilation (2.0% vs 1.5%, p < 0.0001), had a higher hospital mortality rate (0.9% vs 0.3%, p < 0.0001), and were operative (35.5% vs 12.8%, p < 0.001) than those not receiving IV acetaminophen. The most common operations associated with IV acetaminophen use were musculoskeletal and digestive system operations. Prescription of IV acetaminophen increased over time, both in prescription rates and number of per patient doses. Of the 18,197 patients prescribed IV acetaminophen, 16,241 (89.2%) also were prescribed opioids during their hospitalization. A multivariate analysis revealed patients prescribed both IV acetaminophen and opioids had a 54.8% increase in opioid duration as compared with patients who received opioids alone.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first study to assess IV acetaminophen prescription practices for pediatric inpatients. Intravenous acetaminophen prescription was greater in the non-operative pediatric inpatient population than operative patients. Intravenous acetaminophen prescription was associated with an increase in opioid duration as compared with patients who received opioids alone, suggesting that it is commonly used to supplement opioids for pain relief.
Sustentabilidade ilustrada
Authors: Dominguez Santana Cássia Cristina , Pessoa Alberto Ricardo
Published: May 2022

O Brasil é um forte representante da produção mundial no setor têxtil. A indústria da moda apresenta benefícios econômicos para o país, entretanto é responsável por impactos negativos no meio ambiente. Na busca por alternativas sustentáveis surgem conceitos e técnicas que visam amenizar os impactos causados diante da crescente demanda, entre eles o descarte zero de resíduos. A ilustração de moda é uma área da moda que tem ganhado maior visibilidade, e apresenta conceitos, significados e simbologias por meio gráfico. O presente artigo aborda a ilustração de moda como um caminho para disseminar reflexões acerca do descarte zero de resíduos têxteis. Assim, apresenta ilustrações que ressignificam resíduos, inserindo em sua composição gráfica elementos têxteis advindos da construção de artefatos de moda. Portanto, as ilustrações podem ser exploradas por meio de simbologias reflexivas fornecendo contribuições para uma moda mais limpa e sustentável.
A materialidade têxtil na criação do designer de moda
Authors: Monçores Aline Moreira , Spada Daniele Marçal
Published: May 2022

O texto apresenta uma experiência metodológica vivenciada em um curso de Design de Moda na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, feita com alunos do último semestre durante o desenvolvimento de seus projetos de conclusão. Apresenta o estudo de uma ferramenta para o processo criativo e alguns resultados obtidos. O texto reflete também sobre a importância do material têxtil como elemento criativo e não apenas como meio para a roupa.
Editorial
Authors: Tiago Camila Barbosa
Published: May 2022

Texto escrito para o editorial do volume 2 número 2 da revista A Luz em Cena referente ao dossiê LUZ E CENA EM CAMPO EXPANDIDO Iluminação e Audiovisual.
Trajes de cena iluminados: um estudo para a montagem de um espetáculo baseado em Hamlet-Máquina
Authors: Pires Rafaela Blanch
Published: May 2022

A presente investigação busca analisar exemplos de trabalhos que apresentem iluminação bordada em vestes, a fim de observar quais poderiam ser seus principais usos no campo cênico e em quais outras funções essa iluminação, que parte do corpo do ator, podem se aplicar. O estudo é dedicado à realização da direção de arte para a montagem do espetáculo Hamlet-Máquina (MULLER, H.; 1977) realizado pelos grupos de extensão Teatro Ludos, AdaLab e LATA todos da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Foram realizados oito encontros virtuais para as leituras dos textos Hamlet (Shakespeare) e Hamlet-Máquina, bem como estudos sobre trajes de cena, história da moda e das identidades, assim como, especulações de uso e história das máscaras. Ao longo das discussões optamos por atualizar a contextualização da dramaturgia a partir de temas da atualidade como o trans-humanismo e a impossibilidade de escapar das sistematizações da vida digital. Com relação à direção de arte destacou-se o interesse por utilizar trajes e elementos cênicos iluminados de fácil mobilidade. Os ensaios ainda não se iniciaram. Mas aproveitamos o ensejo para pesquisar previamente sobre a relação entre iluminação e traje de cena através de coleta de dados de fontes secundárias. Observamos que a iluminação associada às vestes, de um modo geral, aparece para fins de efeitos especiais (efeito justificado de acordo com a definição de Cibele Forjaz Simões, 2015) que geram destaque ou com efeito semelhante ao teatro de luz negra. Encontramos também em trabalhos mais recentes, o uso da iluminação como parte do método ou dos procedimentos internos utilizados pelo artista, bailarino ou performer. Detectamos a falta de uma iluminação mais pervasiva, com menos efeito especial e que combine aspectos que possam tornar visíveis o trabalho do ator, bem como, o espaço ao seu redor e que, ao mesmo tempo, contribua para a visualidade da cena.
Possibilidades didáticas do ensino virtual em iluminação cênica
Authors: Alencar Wesdey
Published: May 2022

Este artigo analisa a experiência sobre o ensino em iluminação cênica realizado de modo virtual, explorando as “novas” possibilidades e o uso de ferramentas didáticas e pedagógicas neste processo de ensino.  É explorado no texto, os procedimentos metodológicos e teorias, utilizadas pelo professor de iluminação, Ciel Carvalho, no planejamento e execução do curso “O Movimento da Luz Como Elemento Cocriador na Dança”. As aulas foram realizadas em abril de 2021, por meio da plataforma online google meet, dentro do projeto ateliês de criação do Arte Urgente. Neste artigo são relatadas as dificuldades, inseguranças e superações do ensino virtual em iluminação cênica, em curso ministrado durante a pandemia da Covid-19. No texto, é relatado, através de entrevistas e análise de dados, a experiência do processo criativo realizado pelos(as) alunos(as) e professor do curso, no qual o conceito de luz presente, de TEIXEIRA (2019) foi utilizado como dispositivo criador da dramaturgia de vídeos danças/performance.
Clinical Grading of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Infection and its Predictors among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Thakur Jiwesh Kumar , Kumar Saroj , Chakraborty Sasthi Narayan , Kumar Rakesh , Basu Debasis , Kumari Pinki , Parekh Deval , Ghosh Sudip
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Globally, about 425 million people are living with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU) are one of the severe complications of poorly controlled diabetes and over the time, about 50% of DFUs become infected which may require hospitalization. Aim: To find out the DFU infection severity pattern and its predictors among T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Integrated Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Clinic (IDGDC), IQ City Medical College and Multispecialty Hospital, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients from June 2018 to November 2018. Total 1534 T2DM patients attended IDGDC during data collection period of 4 months and 132 of them had diabetic foot ulcer. After taking written informed consent, detailed data were collected from 132 of study participants using predesigned, semi structured and pre tested schedule developed with the help of Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) and International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF/ IDSA) classification system. Socio-demographic characteristic like age, sex, education, residence were recorded along with clinical data like glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), duration of diabetes, treatment modalities Anthropometric measurements were taken as per World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. T2DM was defined and classified as per American Diabetes Association (ADA) Guidelines. DFU infection severity was classified into uninfected, mild infection, moderate infection and severe infection as per IWGDF/IDSA guidelines. Chi-square test was used to show association between categorical variable. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post-hoc test was used to show association between mean HbA1c level and DFU infection severity. The p-value ≤0.5 was considered significant. Results: Proportion of DFU was found to be 8.6%. As per the IWGDF/IDSA classification of DFU infection severity was found to be moderate in 59 (44.7%) of the study participants and mild in 32 (24.2%) of the study participants. 22 (16.7%) of study subjects had severe infection and required hospitalization for optimal care. Only 14.4% of study subjects did not have DFU infection. Increasing age (p-value=0.023), rural residence (p-value=0.015), poor education (p-value=0.001), obesity (p-value=0.001), central obesity (p-value=0.001), longer duration of diabetes (p-value=0.028), and poor glycemic control (p-value=0.001) was found to be significant risk factors for severe infection in DFU. Conclusion: Routine clinical assessment of DFU infection may help in making clinical decision of treatment modalities and help in saving lower limb as well as life of people with T2DM.
A Mini-Review: The Role of Chitosan in Aquaculture Fish Health Management
Authors: Rosidah . , Mulyani Yuniar
Published: May 2022

Sustainable fish farming activities are a hope for all cultivators. Suitable and stable environmental conditions are important factors for the sustainability of fish to grow, reproduce, avoid stress and disease. Providing a balanced diet is one of the environmental conditions that must be considered. Diets equipped with additives have been in great demand by researchers in the field of aquaculture, one of which is chitosan. Chitosan (β-(1-4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) is a natural polymer derived from the exoskeleton of insects, crustaceans, and fungal cell walls, through the process of deacetylation of chitin base. The biological properties of chitosan include immunostimulant, antibacterial, wound healing, analgesic, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and intestinal microbial control. In addition, chitosan is also a safe additive. Based on some of the biological properties of chitosan, it is possible to apply it in cultivation. Therefore, it is of great interest to researchers in the field of aquaculture. The purpose of this article is to inform the effect of chitosan on fish which includes antibacterial activity against several types of bacteria that attack fish, immunostimulant activity and growth in fish. Based on the results of research and tests from several researchers described above, chitosan has the potential to be used in the management of fish health, because it has antibacterial, immunostimulating effects, is safe to use for sustainable aquaculture because it does not have toxic effects and has a positive impact on the growth of various fish species, and can eliminate heavy metals in the fish body. Chitosan can be given through feed or injection. Chitosan can be applied effectively for the management of fish health, if the concentration used is appropriate, adjusted for the type of fish and the type of disease.
Bacterial Bloodstream Infections – Prevalence, Etiology, and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile in Mumbai City
Authors: Dave Mukti , Shaikh Nasheet , Pawar Sakshi , Bangde Sonal
Published: May 2022

Aim: To study bacterial bloodstream infections concerning prevalence, etiology, and antibiotic susceptibility profile of pathogens in Mumbai City

Study Design: Retrospective study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, InfeXn Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Thane

One-year duration: January 2019- December 2019

Methodology: The present retrospective study was performed on around 9397 adult and pediatric blood samples by using a rapid, accurate, and high throughput automated blood culture system for timely diagnosis of BSI.

Results and Discussion: Bloodstream infection (BSIs) is considered a medical emergency as it is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The prevalence of BSI-causing bacteria and their Antibiotic susceptibility (AST) profile vary as per age, season, geographical location, etc. With a large cohort of 9397 samples, the total positivity rate was 17.47 % with gram-negative bacteria (67.69%) being more common than gram-positive (32.30%) in both adult and pediatric populations, with a peak in the Monsoon season. Escherichia coli (26.17%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.31%) were the most isolated pathogens in the adult and pediatric populations, respectively. Carbapenemase production was seen highest in the non-fermentor group of bacteria (42.85%) whereas ESBL production was seen more in the Enterobacterals group (53%). Except for MRSA, gram-positive bacteria showed a very good susceptibility profile to the listed antibiotics. There was no case of VRE observed in the study.

Conclusion: The study highlights the need for regular monitoring of BSI-causing bacteria and their antibiogram, which can help better to formulate empirical treatment strategies, controlled use of antibiotics, monitoring trends in drug resistance, and antibiotic stewardship.
Surge Gears in Labour Productivity in Building Construction Activities
Authors: Mishra Saswat , Mishra Siba Prasad
Published: May 2022

The outturn in the Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry per artisan varies in nature, volume, location, and type of work executed. The productivity and cost-efficacy in structure projects depend upon the lean and smart set of labor, to finish structural projects in time and are limited to building estimates with the present ever-rising cost of labour hours and materials. The building industry relies on the productivity of laborers; therefore, the productivity of construction labor is important. Most areas of the construction industry have faced chronic problems like improper management, disapproving working conditions, and noncompliance with quality. Proper planning of cutting-edge strategies enhances the productivity of construction laborers. The AEC projects have protracted glitches like pitiable managerial strategies, lethargic work environments, meager risk, and quality control management. That invites an overrun in schedule time, cost, resources, and at last country’s economy. Research topics on the productivity of construction labor are highly diversified, however, and there is a lack of systematic analysis of issues related to the productivity of construction labor. The present study includes the identification of factors affecting labour productivity in building construction projects then ranking those factors using analytical tools like RII and AHP as labour components in build activities consumes about 60- 70% of construction investment and finally their comparison. Research and implementation differences addressed and future strategies for research proposal made. The outcome of this research may deliver a forum to raise the value of the latest developments and productivity research patterns for both researchers and industrial practitioners.
Small-scale Demucilager Machine for Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica)
Authors: Dominguez Erickson N. , Lavarias Jeffrey A.
Published: May 2022

Natural fermentation is time- and water-consuming, laborious, and causes weight loss in the coffee beans. It is the conventional method to remove coffee mucilage in the Philippines that can take up to 48 hours. This study aimed to develop a small-scale demucilager machine and evaluate its demucilaging capacity, demucilaging efficiency, product recovery, damaged parchment coffee, and electrical power consumption. It also aimed to compare the use of the demucilaging machine and the natural fermentation in terms of processing time, human labor, and water consumption. The developed demucilaging machine is a continuously-fed horizontal machine that separates mucilage from the parchment coffee by abrasion. It consisted of the following components: the hopper, which receives the freshly depupled parchment coffee: the demucilaging cylinders, which separate the mucilage to the parchment coffee: the water supply system that delivers water to the hopper and the demucilaging cylinders: the output chute, that discharges the parchment coffee: the power transmission system, transmit power from the electric motor to the machine: and, the frame, that holds other components in place. Evaluation results showed that the machine has a 37.87 kg/hr capacity, 79.0% demucilaging efficiency, 4.87% parchment coffee damage, 96.96% product recovery, and 41.54 W-hr electrical energy consumption at 1.23m/s peripheral speed and 0o inclination. It also reduced processing time from 12-24 hours using natural fermentation to 2.64 hours using the machine. Human labor was also reduced from 4 in natural fermentation to 2 operators using the machine. Water consumption from natural fermentation to machine use is 0.87-1.60 L/kg to 0.22 L/kg, respectively. Lastly, the use of the machine is economically feasible at a custom rate of 1.75 Php/kg with a break-even weight of 11,517.00 kg/yr. The payback period of the machine is 2.49 years with a benefit-cost ratio of 0.62.
Long noncoding RNAs in cardiometabolic disorders
Authors: Juni Rio P. , 't Hart Kelly C. , Houtkooper Riekelt H. , Boon Reinier A.
Published: May 2022

The advancement of medical technology has led not only to an increase in life expectancy but also to a rise in aging‐related diseases. Aging promotes metabolic disorders, in turn affecting cardiovascular health. Derailment of biological processes in the pancreas, liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle impairs glucose and lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial function, triggering the development of diabetes and lipid‐related disorders that inflict damage on cardiac and vascular tissues. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate a wide range of biological process and are one of the key factors controlling metabolism and mitochondria. Here, we discuss the versatile function of lncRNAs involved in the metabolic regulation of glucose and lipid, and mitochondrial function, and how the dysregulation of lncRNAs induces the development of various metabolic disorders and their cardiovascular consequences.
Aggressiveness in a subtropical shorebird's nest defense is adjusted to the predator species and shared by conspecifics
Authors: Brynychová Kateřina , Sládeček Martin , Pešková Lucie , Chajma Petr , Firlová Veronika , Elhassan Esmat , Vozabulová Eva , Janatová Veronika , Almuhery Aisha , Šálek Miroslav
Published: May 2022

Aggression is an important component of an animal's defense when protecting offspring from predators. Ground nesting birds use a variety of defense strategies. However, their choice according to situation context is poorly known, especially in nonpasserines and in the subtropics and tropics. The ability to distinguish between differently dangerous predator species and the opportunity to share defense with conspecifics are potentially important but little‐studied aspects of nest defense strategy. We experimentally studied the nest defense of Red‐Wattled Lapwing in an individually marked population in a desert area near Dubai, UAE. We used three stuffed models representing 1) a predator dangerous both to adults and to nests (a cat), 2) a nest predator (a raven), and 3) a harmless reference model (a moorhen). We confirmed that the lapwings distinguished between predator species (being most aggressive toward the cat, and least aggressive toward the moorhen) and adjusted their defense strategy accordingly. In addition, conspecific visitors play a variety of roles in parents' defense strategy. They can strengthen the parental reaction, or they can assist in distracting a predator. The visitors included not only nesting neighbors but also nonbreeding floaters. Both parents participated in nest defense to a similar extent, regardless of incubation stage and ambient temperature. This study provides new insight into the complexity of the defensive patterns in ground‐nesting birds inhabiting a hot environment. Comparative experimental research on a range of environments, with various bird species and predator models, can help us to understand the drivers of these defensive behavioral patterns.
The µ‐Opioid Receptor in Cancer and Its Role in Perineural Invasion: A Short Review and New Evidence
Authors: Cata Juan P. , Uhelski Megan L. , Gorur Aysegul , Bhoir Siddhant , Ilsin Nisa , Dougherty Patrick M.
Published: May 2022

Cancer is a significant public health problem worldwide. While there has been a steady decrease in the cancer death rate over the last two decades, the number of survivors has increased and, thus, cancer‐related sequela. Pain affects the life of patients with cancer and survivors. Prescription opioids continue as the analgesic of choice to treat moderate‐to‐severe cancer‐related pain. There has been controversy on whether opioids impact cancer progression by acting on cancer cells or the tumor microenvironment. The μ‐opioid receptor is the site of action of prescription opioids. This receptor can participate in an important mechanism of cancer spread, such as perineural invasion. In this review, current evidence on the role of the μ‐opioid receptor in cancer growth is summarized and preliminary evidence about its effect on the cross‐talk between sensory neurons and malignant cells is provided.
Towards integrated wind farm control: Interfacing farm flow and power plant controls
Authors: Kölle Konstanze , Göçmen Tuhfe , Garcia‐Rosa Paula B. , Petrović Vlaho , Eguinoa Irene , Vrana Til Kristian , Long Qian , Pettas Vasilis , Anand Abhinav , Barlas Thanasis K. , Cutululis Nicolaos , Manjock Andreas , Tande John Olav , Ruisi Renzo , Bossanyi Ervin
Published: May 2022

Concepts for control of wind farms (WFs) can be clustered into two distinct concepts, namely, wind power plant control (WPPC) and wind farm flow control (WFFC). WPPC is concerned with the connection to the power system, compliance with grid codes, and provision of power system services. This comprises the traditional way of operating a WF without consideration of aerodynamic turbine interaction. However, flow phenomena like wake effects can have a large impact on the overall performance of the WF. WFFC considers such aerodynamic phenomena in the WF operation. It can be viewed as a new feature that shall be integrated with the existing control functions. The interaction of these different control concepts is discussed in this article, leading to an identification of the challenges whose solutions will contribute to a successful integration of electrical system and aerodynamic aspects of WF control.
Exploring ibuprofen derivatives as α‐glucosidase and lipoxygenase inhibitors: Cytotoxicity and in silico studies
Authors: Daud Saima , Abid Obaid‐ur‐Rahman , Sardar Asma , Abdullah Shawana , Shahid Wardah , Ashraf Muhammad , Ejaz Syeda Abida , Saeed Amna , Shah Basit Ali , Niaz Basit
Published: May 2022

This study reports the synthesis of a series of ibuprofen derivatives, including thiosemicarbazides 4a–f, 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles 5a–f, 1,3,4‐thiadiazoles 6a–f, 1,2,4‐triazoles 7a–f, and their S‐alkylated derivatives 8a–d. All of the newly synthesized derivatives were analyzed using 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, and high‐resolution mass spectra (electron ionization) spectrometry. These synthetic molecules were examined for their in vitro baking yeast α‐glucosidase and soybean 15‐lipoxygenase (15‐LOX) inhibition and cell viability studies. The results revealed that the compounds N‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)−5‐[1‐(4‐isobutylphenyl)ethyl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐amine 5f (IC50 3.05 ± 1.23 µM) and N‐(3‐fluorophenyl)‐5‐[1‐(4‐isobutylphenyl)ethyl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐amine 5b (IC50 3.12 ± 1.21 µM) were the most potent with respect to the α‐glucosidase enzyme while in case of 15‐LOX, the compound 4‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1‐[2‐(4‐isobutylphenyl)propanoyl]thiosemicarbazide 4e showed potent inhibition with an IC50 value of 55.41 ± 0.41 µM. All these compounds were found least toxic by displaying a blood mononuclear cell viability value of 69.2%–97.8% by the MTT assay compared to the standards when assayed at 0.25 mM concentration. Molecular docking analyses were conducted to evaluate the inhibition profiles of these derivatives against the said enzymes and the data supported the in vitro profiles.
Surface Functionalization of LiNi7.0Co0.15Mn0.15O2 with Fumed Li2ZrO3 via a Cost‐Effective Dry‐Coating Process for Enhanced Performance in Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Cangaz Sahin , Hippauf Felix , Takata Ryo , Schmidt Franz , Dörfler Susanne , Kaskel Stefan
Published: May 2022

Applying a thin film coating is a vital strategy to enhance long term and interface stability of Ni‐rich layered oxide cathode materials (NRLOs), especially when they are matched with sulfidic solid electrolytes (SSEs) in solid‐state batteries (SSBs). The coating prevents direct contact between the cathode active material (CAM) and the SSE, shielding against parasitic side reactions at the cathode electrolyte interface (CEI). Conventional coatings are based on wet‐chemical methods and therefore harmful to the environment and require long‐lasting processing and high costs. In this study, we present a versatile, facile and highly‐scalable dry‐coating method (with suitable equipment up to 500 kg per batch) successfully employed for both multi‐ and single‐crystalline LiNi0.70Mn0.15Co0.15O2 (NCM70) particles by fumed Li2ZrO3 nanostructured particles (LZONPs) via high intensity mixing process. The resulting porous coating layer stays firmly attached at the CAM particle surface without a need of post‐calcination step at elevated temperatures. The electrochemical testing results signify enhanced rate capability up to 1.5 mA cm−2 for both particle types and cyclic stability up to 650 cycles with a capacity retention of 86.1 % for single‐crystalline NCM70. We attribute the enhanced performance to the reduced CEI reactions as cathodic charge transfer resistance depressed significantly after dry‐coating by LZONPs, being an important step towards sulfidic solid‐state batteries.
Potential eating disorder exhibited with daytime functional vulnerabilities associated with sleep problems in Japanese adolescents: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hirai Takaharu , Mitobe Yuta , Hirai Hiromi , Takeda Momoka , Hayashi Mikiko
Published: May 2022

Objectives

Eating disorders (ED) are serious psychiatric disorders that affect individuals, especially adolescents. It has been suggested that nonclinical ED‐like characteristics are related to sleep problems. We conducted a survey of Japanese adolescents to investigate this claim.

Method

In this cross‐sectional study, 398 adolescents aged 12–18 years responded to a self‐administered questionnaire survey. We used the Eating Attitudes Test‐26 (EAT‐26) and the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) to measure potential ED and sleep problems, respectively.

Results

Adolescents with potential ED had significantly higher daytime functional vulnerability potentially associated with sleep problems than those without ED. In particular, problems with a sense of well‐being and physical and mental functioning during the day were significant. In contrast, no significant associations were found between potential ED and sleep initiation, awakenings during the night, early morning awakening, total sleep duration, or overall quality of sleep. Finally, nocturnal and daytime sleep scores were significantly associated with dieting, bulimia, and oral control EAT‐26 subscores.

Discussion

Participants with possible ED experienced problems related to well‐being and mental and physical functioning, which are indicators of daytime functional vulnerability potentially associated with sleep problems. Further, adolescents with more severe ED characteristics are more likely to have a higher degree of daytime psychological vulnerability potentially attributable to sleep problems. The study suggested that professionals treating adolescent mental health issues need an approach that comprehensively integrates both sleep problems and potential ED.
TIPTAB: A tangible interactive projection tabletop for virtual experiments
Authors: Yuan Qingshu , Wang Ruonan , Pan Zhigeng , Meng QianYu , Xu Shuchang , Wang Zihan , Liu Jiaxin
Published: May 2022

Virtual experiments are a new way of doing experiments. A visible difference between virtual and real experiments is the interaction mode. Such a difference causes unfamiliarity and induces unnecessary cognitive load and inefficiency during learning. The objective of the research is to reduce the interactive operation difference between virtual and real experiments as much as possible. TIPTAB, a tangible interactive projection tabletop, is proposed for virtual experiments. A depth camera is used to detect tangible objects in the real environment. These objects are printed by three‐dimensional (3D) printers in advance and tracked in real‐time. The tracked 3D poses are then used as inputs for further experiments. Both object textures and scene contents are augmented by projectors, and thus the virtual presentation of digital space is seamlessly registered and fused with physical space. An infrared (IR) camera and an IR transmitter are used to detect finger touch operations on the tabletop. During experimental learning, students can interact without wearing any devices as they do in real experiments, which greatly reduces their interaction burdens. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more efficient compared with other representative interaction methods. Based on the cognitive load theory and the statistical data, TIPTAB has a low cognitive load for students during virtual experiments. Questionnaire survey results also indicate that TIPTAB offers a good learning experience.
Recent Advancement in Metal‐Organic Framework for Water Electrolysis: A Review
Authors: Khan Sadia , Noor Tayyaba , Iqbal Naseem , Pervaiz Erum
Published: May 2022

An alternative to fossil fuel is essential to overcome energy shortages and resolve the environmental problem. Hydrogen production via earth‐abundant water resources is a clean, sustainable, and energy‐rich fuel source. For the water splitting process, the catalyst is an essential need to enhance the kinetics of the overall reaction. Therefore, noble metals are used as the state‐of‐the‐art catalyst for the OER and HER process due to their remarkable efficiency and stability. But, their high cost and inadequacy are the main obstructs to their commercialization. To commercialize the process, researchers are trying to replace the expensive noble catalyst with a non‐noble stable, conductive, and more productive catalyst. In recent decades, transition metal based metal organic framework (MOF) has been extensively used as an electro‐catalyst to enhance the kinetics of the OER and HER process. MOF as an electro‐catalyst is a promising candidate to improve the rate of water splitting reaction due to their inherent properties such as high surface area, tunable morphology, and high porosity. In this review, the significant data of recent years are assembled for the water splitting process by using the MOFs as an electro‐catalyst. This review not only captures the advancement in MOF materials with the effective approach of designing but also indicates the catalyst evaluation parameters and detailed mechanism of the HER and the OER process. Meanwhile, challenges and future prospectus of the MOF based catalyst for the water splitting process are also described here. Hopefully, this review article will help to develop a more productive MOF for the generation of green and sustainable hydrogen.
Partial afforestation has uncertain effect on flood frequency and peak discharge at large catchment scales (100–1000 km2), south‐central Chile
Authors: Bathurst James C. , Hagon Hannah , Hambly Barton Frederick , Iroumé Andrés , Kilbride Aidan , Kilsby Chris
Published: May 2022

An extensive programme of commercial afforestation in south‐central Chile provides a unique opportunity to extend the field‐based understanding of forest impact on floods to the large catchment scale (100–1000 km2). Until now, much of that understanding has been limited to small catchments (<10 km2). Data for an approximately 50‐year period are analysed systematically for four catchments (434–1545 km2) with 18%–54% increases in forest cover. For each catchment, the forest impact is quantified by pairing annual maximum flood frequency curves and peak discharge/storm rainfall relationships for the pre‐ and post‐afforestation periods. These periods are themselves defined using land use surveys and cumulative double mass curves for runoff and rainfall. Scaling the frequency curves with a discharge corresponding to mean annual rainfall normalizes for rainfall differences and thus isolates the effect of forest cover. Partial afforestation rates of up to 50%, while markedly affecting annual evapotranspiration and runoff, have less certain effects on peak discharges. Downward shifts in the flood frequency curves occur following afforestation but appear more readily explained by changes in rainfall regime. These changes include a small decline in annual rainfall and a downward shift in some of the frequency curves for the storm rainfall totals corresponding to the annual maximum discharges. Nevertheless, some forest impact cannot be ruled out and the effect of a 100% change in forest cover on flood response remains unknown. The results suggest complexity in large catchment flood response and provide only weak support for afforestation with the sole purpose of reducing flood peaks at the large catchment scale. This is a significant conclusion, given that it challenges the largely uncritical view among the public, governments and development agencies worldwide that forests prevent floods.
Supporting early infant relationships and reducing maternal distress with the Newborn Behavioral Observations: A randomized controlled effectiveness trial
Authors: Nicolson Susan , Carron Sarah‐Pia , Paul Campbell
Published: May 2022

Research points to the significant impact of maternal distress on the parent‐infant relationship and infant development. The Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) is a brief intervention supporting the infant, the parent and their relationship. This randomized controlled trial examined the effectiveness of the NBO in a population with antenatal distress and risk of postnatal depression (PND). Pregnant, first‐time mothers with current anxiety or depression symptoms or past mental illness were recruited from two Australian hospitals. Participants received three NBO sessions in the first month of life plus treatment as usual (TAU), or, TAU‐only. Outcomes assessed at infant age 4 months included mother‐infant interaction quality; maternal anxiety and depression symptoms; and depression diagnosis. Of 111 pregnant individuals randomized, 90 remained eligible and 74 completed the trial (82.2% retention). There were intervention effects on emotional availability F(6, 67) = 2.52, p = .049, Cohen's d = .90, with higher sensitivity and non‐intrusiveness in the intervention group (n = 40) than the comparison group (n = 34). There was an intervention effect approaching significance for anxiety symptoms at 4 months (p = .06), and a significant effect over time (p = .014), but not for depression symptoms. Anxiety and depression symptoms significantly reduced to sub‐clinical levels within the intervention group only. There were fewer depression diagnoses (n = 6) than expected across groups, with no observed intervention effect. No adverse intervention effects were seen. Exploratory analysis of sensory processing sensitivity suggested differential susceptibility to distress and intervention benefits. The NBO was accepted and exerted meaningful effects on relationship quality and distress; and may enhance the infant's interaction experience and maternal emotional adjustment in at‐risk populations.
Pharmacist strategies for addressing medication cost barriers to equitable health in primary care
Authors: Westerhof Lindsey , Misher Anne , Fulbright April
Published: May 2022

Cost can be a barrier to achieving health equity for guideline‐directed medical therapy; however, ambulatory care pharmacists who provide services in primary care settings can assist in reducing these barriers. Strategies to reduce drug cost should be tailored to patient‐specific factors including insurance type, drugs being prescribed, and availability of local and national assistance programs. Pharmacists can use a team‐based approach, when possible, to promote health equity in drug access due to cost. The authors provide recommendations that can be incorporated into clinical practice and improve health equity.
Residential mobility or mobile residentiality? Exploring the effects of place stability and variety in consumer psychology
Authors: Wang Yajin
Published: May 2022

Establishing a new residence is a life‐changing event with a significant impact on people's psychology and behavior. However, digitalization, the sharing economy, and flexible working conditions have made it easier for people to move, and some people have even abandoned the concept of a permanent residence and adopted a new lifestyle—“mobile residentiality”—in which they seek residence only rarely and temporarily. This article explores the effects of place stability and variety on the consumer's self and identity, social relationships and networks, and personal and societal well‐being.
Advanced Bionics HiRes Ultra and Ultra 3D Series Cochlear Implant Recall: Time Course of Anomalies
Authors: Gärtner Lutz , Lenarz Thomas
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To estimate median survival time until the appearance of anomalies indicating a potential implant failure associated with fluid ingress in implanted cochlear implant (CI) devices of the initial version of Advanced Bionics HiRes Ultra and HiRes Ultra 3D series.

Study Design

Retrospective review.

Methods

Cochlear implantation was performed in a standard fashion. Implant integrity was tested at follow‐up visits by measuring impedance and electrically evoked compound action potential (ECAP). Additional tests such as electrical field imaging (EFI) were conducted by the manufacturer. Based on these tests, the presence or absence of an anomaly was classified.

Results

Of the 349 devices implanted at this institution, 181 showed anomalies in accordance with the special failure mode and for this reason, 120 implants were already explanted. The median survival time without anomalies was 1062 days. So far, the suspicion of device failures has been confirmed in all cases in which a post‐implantation analysis was already available.

Conclusions

Regular tests at the follow‐up visits are necessary to monitor the integrity of CIs.

Level of Evidence

3 Laryngoscope, 132:2484–2490, 2022
3D Engineering of Orbital Angular Momentum Beams via Liquid‐Crystal Geometric Phase
Authors: Liu Si‐Jia , Chen Peng , Ge Shi‐Jun , Zhu Lin , Zhang Yi‐Heng , Lu Yan‐Qing
Published: May 2022

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) provides a novel degree of freedom for light, deeply inspiring versatile light‐matter interactions and large‐density multiplexing computing. Recently, multimode and multichannel control of OAM beams have aroused extensive curiosity, whereas their flexible engineering in 3D space still remains challenging. Here, a new type of liquid‐crystal geometric phase optical elements is demonstrated to achieve on‐demand 3D tailoring of OAM beams. Via integrating binary and continuous phase patterns into photo‐aligned liquid crystals, customized 3D lattices of identical or propagation‐variant OAM beams are generated in an electrically tunable broadband manner. By altering the incident spin, these volumetric OAM beams can be switched among different states on the higher‐order Poincaré sphere. This work demonstrates a practical approach toward efficient OAM harnessing with large channel capacity and high spatial mode diversity, holding great potential for 3D optical manipulation, recording, and microscopy.
THE HIDDEN POWERS OF VULNERABILITY AND HUMILITY
Authors: Mohan Shantha
Published: May 2022

The author adapts lessons from her new book Leadership Lessons with The Beatles, drawing on what she’s learned from that iconic band, and how it can be applied by organizations and individual leaders. She writes from the perspective of an engineer who became a global software leader. The two Beatles song titles she writes about here are “Help!” for vulnerability, and “Within You and Without You,” for humility. She also writes about her own leadership journey, and discusses principles of mentorship and collaboration. She uses the example of a product manager, and how that person’s work fits into an organization. She writes that the “role of a product manager in a technical organization provides a great example of a vulnerable leader.” For humility, she writes about a leader she knows who embodies that term: Anand Deshpande, founder, chair, and managing director of the software firm Persistent Systems in India, a publicly traded global technology service provider. The characteristics of humility that she further describes are self‐awareness, gratitude, integrity, learning, and listening. Within learning, she writes: “Read voraciously. Reflect on what you read and then write. Your thoughts are clarified, and you can make sense of what you read when you do. Influential leaders are lifelong learners.”
Design and implementation of static 2:1 frequency divider based on GaAs pHEMT
Authors: Zhao Ranran , Zhang Yuming , Lu Hongliang , Wu Yue
Published: May 2022

This study presents a low phase noise static 2:1 frequency divider in a 0.15 µm gallium arsenide pseudomorphic high electron mobility transisitor process. The proposed divider is based on an improved source coupled logic structure. The maximum bandwidth utilization of the frequency divider is improved up to 100% through theoretical analysis. This frequency divider with low phase noise achieves an operating frequency of direct current ~4.8 GHz for 0 dBm input, and the phase noise is −131.06 dBc/Hz@10 MHz. The chip area is 0.624 × 0.923 mm.
Convergence analysis of vector extended locally optimal block preconditioned extended conjugate gradient method for computing extreme eigenvalues
Authors: Benner Peter , Liang Xin
Published: May 2022

This article is concerned with the convergence analysis of an extension of the locally optimal preconditioned conjugate gradient method for the extreme eigenvalue of a Hermitian matrix polynomial that possesses some extended form of Rayleigh quotient. This work is a generalization of the analysis by Ovtchinnikov (SIAM J Numer Anal. 2008;46(5):2567–92.). As instances, the algorithms for definite matrix pairs and hyperbolic quadratic matrix polynomials are shown to be globally convergent and to have an asymptotically local convergence rate. Also, numerical examples are given to illustrate the convergence behavior.
Compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue in haematology cancer nurses: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Chen Fengjiao , Leng Yamei , Li Jiping , Zheng Yuhuan
Published: May 2022

Aim

This study aimed to investigate compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue (CF) in haematology nurses and their associated factors.

Design

A cross‐sectional survey.

Methods

The survey was conducted on 336 haematology nurses from 21 hospitals in Sichuan, China. The CS and CF were assessed by the Professional Quality of Life Scale version 5. The CF was determined by burnout and secondary traumatic stress.

Results

Haematology nurses in China had moderate levels of CS and moderate‐to‐low CF. Better nursing competence of teaching/consultation and communication/coordination and the percentage of critically ill patients >60% predicted higher CS. The permanent nurse, better nursing competence of communication/coordination and specialized clinical practice predicted less burnout, while working >40 hr per week or more nurse‐patient conflict events predicted more burnout. In addition, working >40 hr per week, more nurse‐patient conflict events and having the need of psychological support predicted higher secondary traumatic stress.
COVID‐19 in patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Asadi‐Pooya Ali A. , Farazdaghi Mohsen , Emami Amir , Akbari Ali , Javanmardi Fatemeh
Published: May 2022

The link and association between COVID‐19 and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is controversial. This study aims to investigate whether COVID‐19 was associated with a different presenting clinical picture or a more severe course of illness (eg intubation and death) in people with AD in this study cohort.
Structures of becoming: The who, what, and how of holistic science advising
Authors: Dodo Seriki Vanessa , McDonald Scott
Published: May 2022

Addressing equity issues in science education requires a reorientation to how science students are advised and how science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education, particularly science, is viewed. STEM education is often figuratively described as a pipeline containing students who leak out before reaching the nexus of their STEM education/career journey. The authors of this paper argue that STEM education must be viewed from an ecosystems perspective, where students interact with one another, their physical environment and cultural contexts, and other humans who can support them in becoming STEM professionals. Within this STEM ecosystem, many individuals have a pivotal role in supporting students as they learn and develop within the science field. These individuals, particularly advisors, must possess knowledge, beliefs, skills, and dispositions that help students cultivate a sense of belonging, engage them in critical thinking about their academic and career choices, and aid their identity development in learning as becoming in STEM professions. The authors describe who these individuals are, the roles they play, and also provide practical examples, using vignettes, of how advisors can support students of color pursuing science degrees and careers. Finally, recognizing that students' STEM advising ecosystem operates at any grade level or stage of life, the authors have organized the descriptive portion of this study according to the following levels elementary, secondary, undergraduate, graduate, and career.
Element‐Doped Mxenes: Mechanism, Synthesis, and Applications
Authors: Wang Ronghao , Li Muhan , Sun Kaiwen , Zhang Yuhao , Li Jingfa , Bao Weizhai
Published: May 2022

Heteroatom doping can endow MXenes with various new or improved electromagnetic, physicochemical, optical, and structural properties. This greatly extends the arsenal of MXenes materials and their potential for a spectrum of applications. This article comprehensively and critically discusses the syntheses, properties, and emerging applications of the growing family of heteroatom‐doped MXenes materials. First, the doping strategies, synthesis methods, and theoretical simulations of high‐performance MXenes materials are summarized. In order to achieve high‐performance MXenes materials, the mechanism of atomic element doping from three aspects of lattice optimization, functional substitution, and interface modification is analyzed and summarized, aiming to provide clues for developing new and controllable synthetic routes. The mechanisms underlying their advantageous uses for energy storage, catalysis, sensors, environmental purification and biomedicine are highlighted. Finally, future opportunities and challenges for the study and application of multifunctional high‐performance MXenes are presented. This work could open up new prospects for the development of high‐performance MXenes.