bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LES study of the impact of moist thermals on the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere in southern West Africa
Authors: Brosse Fabien , Leriche Maud , Mari Céline , Couvreux Fleur
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The hydroxyl radical (OH) is a highly reactive species and plays a key role
in the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. We explore the potential impact
of a convective boundary layer on reconciling the calculation–measurement
differences for OH reactivity (the inverse of OH lifetime) attributable to
the segregation of OH and its reactants by thermals and the resulting
modification of averaged reaction rates. The large-eddy simulation version of
the Meso-NH model is used, coupled on-line with a detailed chemistry
mechanism to simulate two contrasted biogenic and urban chemical regimes. In
both environments, the top of the boundary layer is the region with the
highest calculated segregation intensities but with the opposite sign. In the
biogenic environment, the inhomogeneous mixing of isoprene and OH leads to a
maximum decrease of 30 % of the mean reaction rate in this zone. In the
anthropogenic case, the effective rate constant for OH reacting with
aldehydes is 16 % higher than the averaged value. OH reactivity is always
higher by 15 to 40 % inside thermals in comparison to their surroundings
as a function of the chemical environment and time of the day. Since thermals
occupy a small fraction of the simulated domain, the impact of turbulent
motions on domain-averaged total OH reactivity reaches a maximum decrease of
9 % for the biogenic case and a maximum increase of 5 % for the
anthropogenic case. Accounting for the segregation of air masses by turbulent
motions in regional and global models may increase OH reactivity in urban
environments but lower OH reactivity in biogenic environments. In both cases,
segregation alone is insufficient for resolving the underestimation between
observed and modeled OH reactivity.
Quantifying the Direct Radiative Effect of Absorbing Aerosols for
Numerical Weather Prediction: A case study
Authors: Oyola Mayra I. , Campbell James R. , Xian Peng , Bucholtz Anthony , Ferrare Richard A. , Burton Sharon P. , Kalashnikova Olga , Ruston Benjamin C. , Lolli Simone
Published: May 2018

Abstract. We conceptualize aerosol radiative transfer processes arising from the hypothetical coupling of a global aerosol transport model and global numerical weather prediction model by applying the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System (NAAPS) and the Navy Global Environmental Model (NAVGEM) meteorological and surface reflectance fields. A unique experimental design during the 2013 NASA Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) field mission, allows for collocated airborne sampling by the Langley's High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL), the Airborne Multi-angle Spectro Polarimetric Imager (AirMSPI), up/down SW and broadband IR radiometers, as well as NASA A-Train support from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), to attempt direct aerosol forcing closure. The results demonstrate the sensitivity of modeled fields to aerosol radiative fluxes and heating rates, specifically in the SW forcing and heating rates, as induced in this event from transported smoke and regional urban aerosols. Limitations are identified with respect to aerosol attribution, vertical distribution and choice of optical and surface polarimetry properties, which are discussed within the context of their influence on Numerical Weather Prediction output that is particularly important as the community propels forward towards inline aerosol modelling within global forecast systems.
Assessing water vapor tomography in Hong Kong with improved vertical and horizontal constraints
Authors: Xia Pengfei , Ye Shirong , Jiang Peng , Pan Lin , Guo Min
Published: May 2018

Abstract. In this study, we focused on the retrieval of atmospheric water vapor density by optimizing the tomography technique. First, we established a new atmospheric weighted average temperature model that considers the effects of temperature and height, assisted by Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) products. Next, we proposed a new method to determine the scale height of water vapor, which will improve the quality of vertical constraints. Finally, we determined the smoothing factor in the horizontal constraint based on Each Re-Analysis (ERA)-Interim products. To evaluate the advantages of the optimized technique over the traditional method, we used GPS datasets collected in Hong Kong in August 2016 to estimate the vertical distribution of water vapor density using both methods. We further validated the tomography results from the optimized technique using radiosonde products. The results show that the water vapor density quality obtained by the optimized technique is 13.8 % better below 3.8 km and 8.1 % better above 3.8 km than that obtained by the traditional technique. We computed the success rate of the tomography technique based on the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PCC) and root mean square (RMS). The success rate of the optimized topography technique was approximately 10 % higher than that of the traditional tomography method.
A synthesis dataset of permafrost-affected soil thermal conditions for Alaska, USA
Authors: Wang Kang , Jafarov Elchin , Schaefer Kevin , Overeem Irina , Romanovsky Vladimir , Clow Gary , Urban Frank , Cable William , Piper Mark , Schwalm Christopher , Zhang Tingjun , Kholodov Alexander , Sousanes Pamela , Loso Michael , Hill Kenneth
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Recent observations of near-surface soil temperatures over the circumpolar Arctic show accelerated warming of permafrost-affected soils. A comprehensive near-surface permafrost temperature dataset is critical to better understand climate impacts and to constrain permafrost thermal conditions and spatial distribution in land system models. We compiled a soil temperatures dataset from 72 monitoring stations in Alaska using data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Park Service, and the University of Alaska-Fairbanks permafrost monitoring networks. The array of monitoring stations spans a large range of latitudes from 60.9° N to 71.3° N and elevations from near sea level to 1327 m, comprising tundra and boreal forest regions. This dataset consists of monthly ground temperatures at depth up to 1 m, volumetric soil water content, snow depth, and air temperature during 1997–2016. Due to the remoteness and harsh conditions, many stations have missing data. Overall, this dataset consists of 41,667 monthly values. These data have been quality controlled in collection and processing. Meanwhile, we implemented data harmonization validation for the processed dataset. The final product (PF-AK, v0.1) is available at the Arctic Data Center (https://doi.org/10.18739/A2KG55).
Sensors 4.0 – smart sensors and measurement technology enable Industry 4.0
Authors: Schütze Andreas , Helwig Nikolai , Schneider Tizian
Published: May 2018

Abstract. “Industrie 4.0” or the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) are two terms for the current (r)evolution seen in industrial automation and control. Everything is getting smarter and data generated at all levels of the production process are used to improve product quality, flexibility, and productivity. This would not be possible without smart sensors, which generate the data and allow further functionality from self-monitoring and self-configuration to condition monitoring of complex processes. In analogy to Industry 4.0, the development of sensors has undergone distinctive stages culminating in today's smart sensors or “Sensor 4.0”. This paper briefly reviews the development of sensor technology over the last 2 centuries, highlights some of the potential that can be achieved with smart sensors and data evaluation, and discusses success requirements for future developments. In addition to magnetic sensor technologies which allow self-test and self-calibration and can contribute to many applications due to their wide spectrum of measured quantities, the paper discusses condition monitoring as a primary paradigm for introducing smart sensors and data analysis in manufacturing processes based on two projects performed in our group.
La narración colaborativa en @Elhombredetweed. Un análisis pragmático para el estudio de la literatura digital
Authors: González Gutiérrez Luis Felipe
Published: May 2018

Se discute en este artículo los resultados del análisis de la cuenta de Twitter @Elhombredetweed, a partir de los aportes de la literatura digital, específicamente la poesía digital, el construccionismo social y la psicología cultural. A partir de estos resultados se reflexiona sobre el impacto de estas escrituras colaborativas en los estudios actuales sobre las humanidades digitales, aplicadas al campo de la literatura electrónica. La metodología del estudio es de corte cualitativo, específicamente orientada a la investigación poética. Para la descripción y análisis de los tuits se trabajó con el software de análisis de redes sociales Netlytic. Los resultados indican dos historias que aparecen de manera episódica y secuencial en la cuenta de Twitter: La historia-objeto del escritor mexicano Mauricio Montiel (autor de la cuenta) y la serie de historias construidas por los seguidores de @Elhombredetweed, lo que configura un ejemplo de narrativa transmedia y muestra el impacto de las redes sociales en la construcción colectiva de historias y la formación de subjetividades digitales, a través del uso de las TIC como potencializadoras de una realidad online.
Reseña del libro: "Ciberretórica: Aristóteles en las redes sociales (“manual” de retórica en la comunicación digital)", Inmaculada Berlanga Fernández y Francisco García García, Madrid. Fragua, 2014, ISBN-10: 8470746022, 253 págs.
Authors: Garrido Pintado Pablo
Published: May 2018

Reseña del libro Ciberretórica: Aristóteles en las redes sociales (“manual” de retórica en la comunicación digital), Inmaculada Berlanga Fernández y Francisco García García, Madrid. Fragua, 2014, ISBN-10: 8470746022, 253 págs.
Reseña/Review (Manovich, Lev, "Instagram and contemporary image", California Institute for Telecommunication and Information & The Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY): Cultural Analytics Lab, 148 págs., 2017)
Authors: Barrio Romera Carla
Published: May 2018

Reseña/Review (Manovich, Lev, "Instagram and contemporary image", California Institute for Telecommunication and Information & The Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY): Cultural Analytics Lab, 148 págs., 2017)
“Formação”, uma palavra intransitiva
Authors: Campesato Maria Alice Gouvêa
Published: May 2018

A formação docente tem sido tema recorrente em produções e pesquisas, no âmbito acadêmico ou fora dele, especialmente na última década. Tal interesse pela temática está articulado a diversos fatores, como a inadequação das escolas às demandas de um mundo cada vez mais veloz

e globalizado e aos resultados dos estudantes nas avaliações de larga escala. Este artigo propõe-se a apresentar um breve panorama da formação docente no Brasil e problematizar alguns de seus aspectos relacionados à contemporaneidade. Para tal, traz um recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado concluída, que investigou as percepções dos professores de uma escola pública do município de Porto Alegre sobre o tempo/espaço em suas articulações com o currículo. Nessa pesquisa foram utilizados, como ferramentas metodológicas, os seguintes mecanismos: grupo focal, entrevistas e análise de alguns documentos da instituição pesquisada. As análises foram realizadas a partir de uma perspectiva foucaultiana. Concluiu-se que a formação é percebida

como de fundamental importância para que a docência, a escola, seus tempos, espaços e currículos possam ser (re)pensados. A formação docente, dessa forma, constitui-se como um espaço coletivo profícuo para o exercício do pensamento e a desnaturalização de conceitos e de

práticas pedagógicas.
A Qualitative Study for Perceptions Toward Successful Aging Among Older Korean Immigrants in the United States
Authors: Lee Jaewon
Published: May 2018

A qualitative study was designed as an attempt to overcome the limitations of previous studies of successful aging, which included biased sample population, ignorance of subjective perception of successful aging, and a restrictive definition. The purpose of this study was to explore older immigrants’ perceptions toward successful aging and to indicate the important predictors to determine successful aging. In addition, this study aimed to identify significant factors influencing willingness to become successful agers among older immigrants in the United Sates. The research design was a cross-sectional key informant interview. One hundred and two (N=102) older Koreans in Los Angeles, CA, participated in this study. Interestingly, their children’s successful life was one of the heavily influential factors to become a successful ager among them. Implications are directed to social work researchers and practitioners to help educate the ethnic older adults in the community on the social and behavioral importance of the positive aspects of aging such as successful aging and healthy aging to increase the chance of longevity.
Book Review- Endogenous Innovation The Economics of an Emergent System Property
Authors: Buheji Mohamed
Published: May 2018

Being an expert with claim of being specialized in Economic Competitiveness and Innovation Indexes, I felt ashamed of my huge ignorance in endogenous growth theory and its impact on innovation. Therefore, this review holds a good intention for exploring the essence and the unique characters of the endogenous economic growth which focus on the investment in human capital, innovation, and knowledge-based economy which will lead to economic development. The endogenous innovation was tackled in this work of Antonelli (2017) to show the innovation in the creative reactions and as emergent property of the system. The author tried to illustrate the early relation between the early economics of knowledge and economics of growth, after discussing the limits of the new growth theory. The author managed to show the random events of innovation as creative response.
Effect of Board Size, Board Composition and Board Meetings on Financial Performance of Listed Consumer Goods in Nigeria
Authors: Gambo EL-Maude Jibreel , Bello Bawa Ahmed , Rimamshung Shamaki Aranpu
Published: May 2018

The central thrust of this study is to examine the effect of board size, board composition and board Meetings on the financial performance of listed consumer goods in Nigeria over the period of ten years from 2006 to 2015. The study uses expo factor research design and purposive sampling technique (filter) as research design and sampling technique. The population of the study is twenty (20) listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria and a sample size of ten (10) companies were studied. The data was analysed by means of descriptive statistics, Correlation and Regression analysis using STATA (version 11). The descriptive result reveals that return on assets has minimum and maximum values of -0.0400 and 0.4700 respectively and the mean and standard deviation of 0.1199 and 0.1038 respectively. The study made use of secondary data generated from annual report and account of the sampled companies through Nigeria Stock Exchange fact book. The findings include the following: Board size is negatively significant at 1% with T. Value of _2.70, Board composition is positively significant at 1% with T- Value of 2.15 and finally, Board meeting is negatively insignificant with T- Value of _1.45. This study concluded that smaller board size are more effective than larger board size, good proportion of board composition is a good factor to enhance ROA of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria and frequent board meeting will have negative effect on the ROA of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria because it will limits the chances for external directors to conduct a meaningful oversight over management. Hence the study recommends among others; That smaller board size should be used in listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria to enhance their ROA, the listed consumer goods companies should continue to maintain good proportion of independence directors. The listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria should discourage unnecessary board meetings to allow board of directors perform other oversight function on the management so as to enhance the ROA of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria.
Effects of Eight Week Plyometric Study on the Balance Performance of Hearing Impaired Athletes
Authors: Nacaroglu Ersin , Karakoc Onder
Published: May 2018

This is an experimental study and it was aimed to identify the effects of 8-week plyometric training of hearing-impaired athletes on balance. 24 Male hearing-impaired volleyball players participated in the study. Random method was used when experimental and control groups were identified. Subjects used in the study were divided into two groups as experiment (12 male age = 19.08 ± 1.62) and control group (12 male age = 17.75 ± 1.28). 3 days/90 min. volleyball training programme was applied for two groups per week.For the experimental group, plyometric training was applied after warming before the volleyball training sessions. The control group continued their regular volleyball training. Statistical results were evaluated at 95% confidence interval and p <0.05 significance level. Because the pre-test and post-test measurements of the groups were normal and homogeneous distribution, the Paired Samples T-Test was applied for the significance between them. To analyze the differences between the experimental group and control group, Independent Samples T-test was used.As a result of the plyometric exercises, the mean values of the pre-test and post-test differences of the static balance measurement parameters for the experimental and control groups were found to be significant in the values of overall stability R, medial lateral R, and overall stability L values (p <0.05). But, in the mean values, there was no significance of anterior posterior R., anterior posterior L. and medial lateral L. mean (p> 0.05).Consequently, it can be said that plyometric exercises have a positive effect especially on static balances of hearing-impaired volleyball players.
The Influence of Involvement and Awareness on UAE Women Attitude Towards Fashion Clothing
Authors: Khraim Hamza Salim
Published: May 2018

The landscape of fashion industry in UAE has changed and evolved over the years in unprecedented way. This study examines the influence of involvement and awareness on UAE women attitude towards fashion clothing. In addition, we will shed some light on fashion industry inside UAE. For collecting the required data, a self-administered survey was distributed for a convenience sample of female Emirati students resulting in 223 usable responses. Numerous statistical analysis tools were used, first factor analysis was conducted and followed by regression, in addition to items mean and frequency. The results indicate that women in UAE have a positive attitude towards fashion clothing. Self-confidence will increases by following fashion statement got the highest mean by respondents. Further, it was found that involvement has a significant influence on UAE women attitude towards fashion clothing. While awareness have no any influence on UAE women attitude towards fashion clothing.
Using Semi-Projective Doll Play Methods to Classify Middle Childhood Children Into Four Attachment Types: Types Associations With Distinctive Psychosocial Adaptation
Authors: Granot David
Published: May 2018

This research presents an adapted version of the Attachment Doll Story Completion Task for children in middle childhood (ADSCT for m-c), a measure for classifying children’s representations of mother-child attachment relationships into four attachment types: secure, avoidant, ambivalent, and disorganized. The ADSCT enables interviewers to partially circumvent the sophistication and defensiveness of middle childhood children's story completions. A sample of 185 children in the 4th and 5th grades, and 50 mothers of children from one 4th and one 5th grade class of that sample participated in the study. Children underwent the ADSCT for m-c procedure. Homeroom teachers, classmates, and the child reported on the children’s psychosocial adaptation. A sub-sample of the mothers completed measures of maternal caring attitudes and practices. Associations between the different attachment types and distinct forms of adaptation showed that secure attachment exhibited positive social relationships and a low level of psychosocial and behavior problems; disorganized attachment showed the poorest adaptation, manifested in psychosocial problems, behavior problems, social problem, aggressiveness, and victimization. Avoidant attachment exhibited social problems, peer rejection, behavior problems, and compulsive thought. And ambivalent attachment showed social vulnerability, and intermediate level of adaptation, between the better functioning of the securely attached and the problematic functioning of the insecurely attached. Concurrent validity of the ADSCT for m-c with maternal attitudes and practices, and discriminate validity with reference to key cognitive variables were good.
Niger Delta Conflict, Social Egoism and the Ethics of Civility
Authors: A. Laleye Solomon
Published: May 2018

The paper re-examines the problem of violent conflict in the Niger/Delta region which threatens the mono-economy and corporate existence of Nigeria. It seeks to navigate beyond the common causes of the problem to include a frequently excluded cause, which is, the social-egoism of the groups that constitute the major stakeholders in the conflict. The paper, therefore, argues that the pursuit of group’s interests devoid of concomitant consideration for others, (including future generations) and the environment would continue to impact negatively on resolution efforts and consequently, impede on peaceful co-existence. Therefore, it proposed the display of the ethics of civility on the part of the stakeholders in handling the conflict constructively. The paper employed the quantitative method of research in Philosophy, it specifically adopted the analytic and prescriptive approaches of the method. The analytic approach clarifies concepts such as ethics of civility, stakeholders, social egoism, etc. so as to remove ambiguity. The prescriptive approach proposed the inculcation of the ethics of civility in inter-personal relations, including human dealings with the ecosystem.
Arboreal Identification Supported by Fuzzy Modeling for Trunk Texture Recognition
Authors: Bressane Adriano , Fengler Felipe Hashimoto , Roveda Sandra Regina Monteiro Masalskiene , Roveda José Arnaldo Frutuoso , Martins Antonio Cesar Germano
Published: May 2018

Due to the natural variability of the arboreal bark there are texture patterns in trunk images with values belonging to more than one species. Thus, the present study analyzed the usage of fuzzy modeling as an alternative to handle the uncertainty in the trunk texture recognition, in comparison with other machine learning algorithms. A total of 2160 samples, belonging to 20 tree species from the Brazilian native deciduous forest, were used in the experimental analyzes. After transforming the images from RGB to HSV, 70 texture patterns have been extracted based on first and second order statistics. Secondly, an exploratory factor analysis was performed for dealing with redundant information and optimizing the computational effort. Then, only the first dimensions with higher cumulative variability were selected as input variables in the predictive modeling. As a result, fuzzy modeling reached a generalization ability that outperformed algorithms widely used in classification tasks, besides of obtaining an almost perfect agreement with the classifier with the best accuracy in the validation tests. Therefore, the fuzzy modeling can be considered as a competitive approach, with reliable performance in arboreal trunk texture recognition.
Non-decimated Wavelet Transform for a Shift-invariant Analysis
Authors: Brassarote Gabriela De Oliveira Nascimento , Souza Eniuce Menezes de , Monico João Francisco Galera
Published: May 2018

Due to the ability of time-frequency location, the wavelet transform hasbeen applied in several areas of research involving signal analysis and processing,often replacing the conventional Fourier transform. The discrete wavelet transformhas great application potential, being an important tool in signal compression,signal and image processing, smoothing and denoising data. It also presentsadvantages over the continuous version because of its easy implementation, goodcomputational performance and perfect reconstruction of the signal upon inversion.Nevertheless, the downsampling required in the discrete wavelet transformcalculous makes it shift variant and not appropriated to some applications, suchas for signals or time series analysis. On the other hand, the Non-Decimated DiscreteWavelet Transform is shift-invariant because it eliminates the downsamplingand, consequently, is more appropriate for identifying both stationary and nonstationarybehaviors in signals. However, the non-decimated wavelet transform hasbeen underused in the literature. This paper intends to show the advantages ofusing the non-decimated wavelet transform in signal analysis. The main theoricaland pratical aspects of the multiscale analysis of time series from non-decimatedwavelets in terms of its formulation using the same pyramidal algorithm of thedecimated wavelet transform was presented. Finally, applications with a simulatedand real time series compare the performance of the decimated and non-decimatedwavelet transform, demonstrating the superiority of non-decimated one, mainly dueto the shift-invariant analysis, patterns detection and more perfect reconstructionof a signal.
Reproductivity of captive wild bactrian camels (camelus, przewalskii, 1878)
Authors: G Dovchindorj , Baoyin Taogetao , Minggagud Hugjiltu , G Ariunjargal , B Munkhtsog
Published: May 2018

Wild camel is the endangered native species of Central Asia that are found only in the western north of China, and Trans Altai Gobi of Mongolia. In this article was written that the reproductivity of captive wild bactrian camels based on the result and analysis developed at the research center for “Captive Wild camel breeding center”located near administration of Great Gobi Strictly Protected Area “A” part, between 1992 -2015. A gestation age, birth repetition and birth time of female captive wild camels at the breeding center under semi-captive condition have been observed and analysed. According to the research, captive wild camel birth time is started from the last 10 days of March and it finished at the last 10 days of May. Most extensive birth time is April. Captive male wild camel at the breeding center starting to mate at the beginning of January, and finished at the end of February. Therefore, an average gestation period of captive female camels is 400-440 days. However, sometimes, it can fluctuated due to age, fattening, and climate condition. But also birth date of female camels may different because of sex of calf.
Qualitative indicators of sperm bulls of spermogonial jsc "krasnoyarskugol"
Authors: Chetvertakova Е V , Abaza Y V
Published: May 2018

Sperm quality is one of the most important criteria for bull manufacturer is used in the mode of the sperm donor was a. On spermatogenesis can affect both genotypical and paratypical factors. The quality of sperm is determined by ejaculate volume, concentration, sperm motility and morphology.
The influence of granulated peat on fattening qualities of pigs
Authors: Loeffler T F , Tsybulkin D V , Sundeev P V
Published: May 2018

The article presents data of chemical composition of granulated peat "kozelkova" field. It is shown that the introduction in the diet of peat (to 10%) has a positive effect on growth rate of fattening of young pigs.
Enzyme activity of zhargalant farm soil, central province of Mongolia
Authors: J Bayarmaa , D Purev
Published: May 2018

We conducted monitoring analysis of cellulase, saccharase, protease, urease, acid and alcaline phosphatase activities of Zhargalant farm soil, Central province of Mongolia. From the results it is clear seen that for the year activity of cellulase, protease and urease are increased but activity of saccharase decreased. The activity of acid phosphatase on control, wheat and nearby wheat field soils decreased but on rape and nearby rape fields its activity increased. About alkaline phosphatase its activity decreased on control and soil of wheat field, on soils of nearby wheat, rape and nearby rape fields its activity increased. For the field where seeding crops did not produces there was positive correlation between humus and enzyme activity, but for the soils were the crops were sown this correlation changes depending on the enzymes. This trend is also observed for the soils of nearby fields.
Sources of heavy metal contamination in landfill soil covers of Ulaanbaatar
Authors: B Minjmaa , T Oyunchimeg
Published: May 2018

The aim of the study was to determine the source for contents of heavy metals in soils of landfill sites in Ulaanbaatar. Samples were collected from ash of the burned waste near the landfill sites to identify content of heavy metals such as plumbum, chromium, cadmium, nickel and zinc. There are total of 300 mg/kg chromium and 700 mg/kg zinc identified from ash of burned electrical wire, 1000 mg/kg plumbum is identified from the ash of burned tires. According to the comparison of heavy metal contents in landfill sites, landfill of industrial waste has higher content rate of chromium and cadmium than other landfill sites. These open burnings and industrial waste have considerable influences on contaminated soil with heavy metals. This is not only a source for soil contamination but also a risk to air and water pollution or resident health. Therefore, it is indispensable to develop waste management for human health and environmental protection.
Gritty Faith
Authors: Matheson Jonathan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: May 2018

Recently there has been renewed philosophical interest in both the nature and value of faith. A central issue in this literature is whether faith requires belief. Non-doxastic accounts of faith maintain that having faith that p does not require believing that p. In this paper I connect the literature on non-doxastic accounts of faith to the empirical literature on grit. Grit is passionate perseverance to obtain long term goals, and it has been found to be an excellent predictor of success. I argue that the motivations for non-doxastic accounts of faith support conceiving of faith as grit. I also argue that conceiving of faith as grit comes with a number of advantages. In particular, such a move shows how faith can be voluntary, rational, and valuable.
Democracia, representación y participación ciudadana, a la búsqueda de un equilibrio que la Constitución no logró
Authors: Díaz Revorio Francisco Javier
Published: May 2018

Resumen:A la hora de regular el modelo de democracia y los mecanismos de participaciónciudadana, la Constitución de 1978 fue conformista y prudente. Estableció un modelo de democracia representativa basado en la posibilidad de elegir representantes cada cuatro años, pero sin especiales fórmulas de control y exigencias de responsabilidad política hacia ellos. Por lo demás, estableció una regulación restrictiva de los instrumentos de democracia directa y semidirecta, en especial del referéndum y de la iniciativa legislativa popular.Cuatro décadas después, las exigencias ciudadanas se han intensificado, generándose un cierto déficit de confianza entre electores y representantes. El trabajo analiza los principales déficits de la Constitución de 1978 en la materia, realizando varias propuestas para mejorar la calidad democrática, que en buena parte implican una amplia reforma constitucional: eliminar las restricciones constitucionales del referéndum y la iniciativa popular, incorporar vías de exigencia de responsabilidad y rendición de cuentas, limitar los mandatos del presidente, asegurar la democracia interna de los partidos políticos, eliminar algunas prerrogativas de los parlamentarios, entre otros.Abstract:When regulating the model of democracy and the mechanisms of citizen participation, the Constitution of 1978 was conformist and prudent. It established a model of representative democracy based on the possibility of electing representatives every four years, but without special formulas of control and demands of political responsibility towards them. Moreover, it established a restrictive regulation of the instruments of direct and semi-direct democracy, especially the referendum and popular legislative initiative. Four decades later, citizen demands have intensified, generating a certain lack of trust between voters and representatives. The paper analyzes the main deficits of the 1978 Constitution in the matter, making several proposals to improve the democratic quality, which in large part imply a broad constitutional reform: eliminate the constitutional restrictions of the referendum and popular initiative, incorporate channels of exigency of responsibility and accountability, limiting the president’s mandates, ensuring the internal democracy of political parties, eliminating some prerogatives of parliamentarians, among others. Summary:1. Representative democracy, direct democracy institutions, and citizen participation in Spanish Constitution: context and conditioning factors. 2. Some citizen participation institutions. 2.1. Referendum. 2.2. Popular initiative of Law. 2.3. The open council. 2.4. Participation in Administration. 2.5. The jury and others. 3. Four decades later, a crisis of confidence? 4. The task of democratic regeneration: good governance, participation, trust. 5. Development and legal reforms. 6. A task always pending: constitutional reform. 7. Conclusions
Lealtad constitucional y democracia
Authors: Tur Ausina Rosario
Published: May 2018

Resumen:El presente estudio se enmarca en la problemática de la vigencia y eficacia de la Constitución de 1978 a partir de la configuración dogmática del principio de lealtad. Se parte para ello de un dato relevante: la lealtad no encuentra un acomodo específico en el texto de nuestra Carta Magna, aunque ha sido elaborado doctrinal y jurisprudencialmente en otros sectores del ordenamiento, en otros niveles de gobierno y en el derecho comparado. Sin embargo, su vigencia es evidente e incluso necesaria a la luz de la evolución de nuestro sistema constitucional, sin que este ámbito de estudio haya recibido un análisis detenido por la doctrina. La lealtad se conecta, por ello con un triple postulado: el principio democrático, la supremacía constitucional en perspectiva multinivel, y la doble dimensión formal/material de la Constitución; pero sobre todo confronta y conjuga la necesaria compatibilidad del derecho con la política, y de la ley con la democracia. Desde estas premisas el presente trabajo analiza el origen y evolución del principio, y su fundamento y justificación, para con posterioridad abordar la proyección de la lealtad hacia el ordenamiento, hacia la configuración del poder, y hacia el constitucionalismo multinivel.Abstract:The analysis carried out in this paper addresses the problematic issue of the validity and effectiveness of the 1978 Constitution, on the basis of a dogmatic approach to the loyalty principle. The paper starts with the relevant fact that loyalty cannot be expressly found in the constitutional text of the Spanish Magna Carta, albeit case-law and scholars have developed said concept in other areas of the legal order, for other levels of government and in Comparative Law. Nevertheless, its validity is not only apparent but necessary in light of the evolution of our constitutional system, and yet, this issue has not been thoroughly examined by the legal doctrine. Hence, loyalty is argued to be based on three tenets: the democratic principle, constitutional supremacy from a multi-level perspective, and the twofold formal/material dimension of the Constitution. Above all, the loyalty principle confronts and brings together the much needed compatibility between Law and Politics in addition to that between Law and Democracy. On this basis, the present paper explores not only the origin and evolution of the loyalty principle, but also its basis and rationale, so as to address its role in the legal order and in the context of the configuration of power and of multi-level constitutionalism. Summary:1. Premises. 2. Origin and evolution of the principle of constitutional loyalty. 3. Legal basis and rationale behind the principle of constitutional loyalty. 4. Constitutional loyalty and the legal order. 5. Constitutional loyalty and the exercise of power. 6. Constitutional loyalty in a multi-level system of governance. 7. Conclusions.
¿Qué fue del recurso de amparo ante el Tribunal Constitucional?
Authors: Tenorio Sánchez Pedro Julio
Published: May 2018

Resumen:El trabajo estudia la evolución y situación actual del recurso de amparo ante el Tribunal Constitucional. Parte de la base de que la cuestión consiste en analizar la aplicación y resultados de la reforma de la Ley Orgánica del Tribunal Constitucional que se realizó en 2007. La reforma se aplicó con algún titubeo inicialmente por parte del Tribunal Constitucional pero finalmente se ha llevado hasta las últimas consecuencias. Esto ha producido un resultado positivo, pues el Tribunal Constitucional está prácticamente al día, muy lejos de la situación de inviabilidad que se dibujaba cuando se concibió la reforma, es decir, en torno al año 2006. Pero la reforma sigue siendo criticada por haber disminuido las garantías del justiciable. Sin embargo, los datos que ofrece en sus Memorias el Tribunal Constitucional permiten constatar que la inmensa mayoría de los recursos se inadmiten por defectuoso planteamiento.El trabajo propone como mejoras el establecimiento de salas de amparo en los Tribunales Superiores de Justicia y en el Tribunal Supremo y el rigor en la exigencia de la invocación del derecho fundamental tan pronto como es vulnerado. Además, considera aconsejable que los abogados no se limiten a la invocación genérica del derecho fundamental, sino que expongan ante la jurisdicción ordinaria el embrión del posible recurso de amparo.Abstract:The article studies the evolution and the current situation of the amparo appeal before the Constitutional Court. The question is to analyze the application and results of the reform of the Constitutional Court Organization Act that was held in 2007. The reform was applied with some hesitation initially by the Constitutional Court but finally has been carried to the last consequences. This has produced a positive result, because the Constitutional Court is practically up to date, very far from the situation of unfeasibility that was drawn when the reform was conceived, that is to say, around the year 2006. But the reform continues being criticized for having diminished the guarantees of the defendant. However, the data that the Constitutional Court offers in its reports allow us to confirm that the vast majority of the appeals are inadmissible due to a defectiveapproach.The work proposes as improvements the establishment of amparo chambers in the Superior Courts of Justice and in the Supreme Court and the rigor in demanding the invocation of the fundamental right as soon as it is violated. In addition, it considers advisable that the lawyers expose before the ordinary jurisdiction the embryo of the possible resource of amparo. Summary:1. Introduction; 2. First period in the interpretation of the reform of 2007: from the promulgation of the law to the ECHR Judgment "Arribas Antón"; 3. Second period in the application of the reform of 2007: from the ECHR Judgment "Arribas Antón" to the present time; 4. Balance of the application of the reform of 2007 ten years after its promulgation; 5. Deception of the justiciables; 6. Possible improvements.
Nuevas reflexiones sobre la Directiva (UE) 2016/618 a la vista de la Opinión 1/15 del Tribunal de Justicia de 26 de julio 2017
Authors: Villani Susanna
Published: May 2018

Abstract:Over the last decades, it has arisen the need for increased cooperation betweenlaw enforcement authorities in making more systematic use of the data furnished by those moving to and from the States in order to prevent, detect, investigate and prosecute terrorism and other serious crimes. On 21 April 2016 the Council adopted Directive 2016/681 in order to regulate PNR data transfer from the airlines to the Member States, as well as the processing of this data by the competent authorities. Its validity, with particular reference to the balance between needs of security and the respect of fundamental rights, such as the right to respect for private life and the right to the protection of personal data, could be challenged after the conclusions reached by the CJEU in its Opinion on the EU-Canada agreement on PNR transfer.Summary1. INTRODUCTION. 2. HISTORICAL AND LEGAL BACKGROUND: ASSESSING THE NECESSITY OF AN ACT ON PROCESSING PNR DATA AT EU LEVEL. 3. DIRECTIVE 2016/681 ON PNR DATA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS. 4. THE CJEU OPINION 1/15 ON THE EU-CANADA AGREEMENT: WHAT CHALLENGES FOR THE PNR DIRECTIVE? 5. FINAL REMARKS Resumen:En la última década, ha surgido la necesidad de una mayor cooperación entre las autoridades nacionales de los diferentes Estados para hacer un uso más sistemático de los datos entre ellos para luchar contra el terrorismo y otros crímenes. El 21 de abril de 2016, el Consejo adoptó la Directiva 2016/681 para regular la transferencia de los datos PNR de las líneas aéreas a los Estados miembros, así como el tratamiento de estos datos por las autoridades competentes. Su validez, en relación con el equilibrio entre las necesidades de seguridad y el respeto de los derechos fundamentales, como el derecho al respeto de la vida privada y el derecho a la protección de los datos personales, podría ser impugnada como consecuencia de la opinión emitida por el TJUE sobre el acuerdo UE-Canadá en relación a la transferencia de datos personales.Sumario:1. Introducción; 2. Panorama histórico y jurídico: evaluaciones sobre la necesidad de un acto de la UE en la utilización de datos; 3. Directiva 2016/681: un análisis crítico; 4. La Opinión 1/15 del Tribunal de Justicia: qué desafíos para la Directiva 2016/681? 5. Observaciones finales.
Plonger du bord de la langue. Maîtrise et déprise énonciatives chez Pascal Quignard
Authors: Turin Gaspard
Published: May 2018

Cet article propose d’interroger les limites de la phrase quignardienne à partir de certaines formes récurrentes : brachylogies, sommaires, asyndètes, les « bienfaits du fragment » dans l’attaque — globalement, un travail syntaxique instruisant sa propre disjonction. Par cette cartographie des formes disjonctives, on observe un effet paradoxal d’imprévisibilité ou d’indécidable — c’est, en somme, la rhétorique du traité : « pas de but, pas de stratégie, pas de conscience » (Petits traités i). Cette rhétorique est paradoxale, parce qu’elle est mise au service d’un discours extrêmement maîtrisé dans son dessein général — une maîtrise que l’on constate dans la lecture de Quignard par le monde universitaire, qui se sert généralement des outils d’analyse présents dans le texte. Sans contester cette maîtrise, cette étude propose de la lire autrement.
De Mourir de penser à Critique du jugement. Vivre. Créer. Publier
Authors: Cousin de Ravel Agnès
Published: May 2018

Les livres que Pascal Quignard publie depuis près d’un demi-siècle, éloignés de la pratique de l’autofiction, se nourrissent néanmoins des événements marquants de sa vie (naissance, sexualité précoce, emprise maternelle, ses rencontres), comme de ses lectures dans tous les domaines de la connaissance. Il lit, il écrit, il publie, partagé entre son besoin vital de solitude pour lire, pour penser, pour méditer, pour écrire, et la nécessité de réintégrer le groupe au moment de la publication. Ses livres, entre rêve et réalité, ne revendiquent aucune doctrine, ne prétendent à aucun enseignement, même s’ils ne cessent de se nourrir de notre histoire contemporaine comme de celle du passé le plus lointain. Ils sont une invitation à penser. Depuis quelques années, Pascal Quignard est sur scène, seul ou avec d’autres artistes, jouant du piano, lisant, interprétant ses textes et donnant ainsi chair à ses livres.
Comprendre l’effectivité d’une norme : quand l’aboutissement de la démarche empirique permet de s’affranchir d’un courant existant dans un domaine d’étude
Authors: Gagné Diane
Published: May 2018

À partir de notre recherche doctorale, nous entendons montrer comment nous avons mobilisé les écrits scientifiques tout au long de la démarche et sommes demeurée disponible à ce que les données de terrain nous suggéraient. La recherche dont il est question a étudié les effets conséquents de la mise en oeuvre du droit à l’égalité dans les milieux syndiqués. À la lumière des écrits spécialisés sur le sujet, notre recherche se concevait comme étant à la fois multidisciplinaire, appliquée, qualitative, inductive, descriptive et explicative. Pour répondre aux objectifs de la thématique du numéro de la revue, la description de l’opérationnalisation concrète et contextualisée de l’ensemble de la démarche de recherche précisera le cheminement et l’utilité de la recension des écrits, de même que les écueils rencontrés. La discussion se fera autour du processus de la mobilisation des écrits scientifiques, laquelle a été réalisée en continu, notamment à cause de l’aspect sociojuridique de l’étude. Nous conclurons que notre démarche, s’inscrivant dans le courant de nombreux types de recherches inductives, met en lumière comment le fait de laisser place aux données recueillies permet de prendre du recul et de s’affranchir de certains courants théoriques existants dans un domaine d’étude.
Mobilisation des écrits scientifiques dans une recherche inductive sur la négociation des rôles entre enseignants et parents minoritaires
Authors: Conus Xavier
Published: May 2018

Cet article décrit de quelle manière les écrits scientifiques ont été mobilisés en trois temps dans le cadre d’une recherche inductive sur la négociation des rôles entre des enseignants et des parents en contexte de diversité culturelle. La mobilisation des écrits a d’abord consisté en un état des lieux quant à la relation école-familles minoritaires (issues de la migration et/ou disposant de revenus modestes). De là se sont dégagés notre objet de la négociation des rôles et l’approche interactionniste adoptée pour l’aborder. Ensuite, dans un processus itératif avec la collecte et l’analyse des données, le recours aux écrits a contribué à l’émergence des résultats, selon une démarche d’induction théorisante (Paillé & Mucchielli, 2012). Enfin, par un processus de généralisation analytique (Yin, 1984) consistant à relier les résultats obtenus avec leurs conditions d’apparition et les apports théoriques, le recours aux écrits a permis une certaine généralisation des résultats, respectueuse de démarche inductive.
La mobilisation des savoirs lors de recherches ethnographiques. Illustrations à partir de terrains chez les pompiers et paramédics du Québec
Authors: St-Denis Karine
Published: May 2018

La méthode ethnographique se caractérise par son induction, mais observer et analyser une culture et diffuser efficacement ses résultats de recherche nécessite de mobiliser les résultats de recherches antérieures. Le chercheur inductif doit donc parvenir à gérer l’équilibre précaire entre l’induction analytique et l’appel aux savoirs préexistants. À partir de nos travaux récents chez les pompiers et ambulanciers paramédics québécois, nous montrerons comment la mobilisation des connaissances contribue à l’identification et au dépassement des biais inhérents à la recherche terrain, à l’analyse des données ainsi qu’à l’écriture et à la diffusion des résultats de recherche.