bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro interactions of nystatin and micafungin combined with chlorhexidine against candida albicans isolates
Authors: Salehi Maede , Shafaroudi Ali Malekzadeh , Daryani Maryam , Khalilian Alireza , Ahangarkani Fatemeh , Molania Tahere
Published: August 2022

Background and Purpose: Oral candidiasis has become a growing problem in hospitals worldwide, and the development of antifungal drug resistance in Candida species constitutes a serious concern. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of nystatin, and micafungin with chlorhexidine against fluconazole-resistant and fluconazole-sensitive Candida albicans (C. albicans) isolates.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental-laboratory study, a total of 20 fluconazole-resistant (n=10) and fluconazole-susceptible (n=10) C. albicans strains were obtained from the reference culture collection of the Invasive Fungi Research Center in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. In vitro combination of nystatin and micafungin with chlorhexidine was performed using a microdilution checkerboard method based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline.
Results: Micafungin had the highest antifungal activity against C. albicans susceptible and resistant strains, with a Geometric mean of (GM) =0.008µg/ml and GM=0.008µg/ml, followed by nystatin with GM=0.06µg/ml and GM=0.042µg/ml and chlorhexidine with GM=0.25µg/ml and GM=0.165µg/ml against C. albicans resistant and sensitive strains, respectively. The interaction of micafungin and nystatin with chlorhexidine showed a synergistic interaction against most C. albicans strains. In addition, no antagonistic interaction was observed between micafungin, nystatin, and chlorhexidine against C. albicans strains.
Conclusion: The synergistic interaction of micafungin with chlorhexidine against azoleresistant C. albicans suggests an alternative approach to overcome antifungal drug resistance. However, further studies are needed for in vivo evaluation.
Candidemia: Changing dynamics from a tertiary care hospital in North India
Authors: Gautam Garima , Rawat Deepti , Kaur Ravinder , Nathani Masoom
Published: August 2022

Background and Purpose: Routine identification of Candida species and knowledge of antibiotic susceptibility patterns can prevent diagnostic delays and help clinicians choose appropriate empirical therapies. This study aimed to identify and speciate Candida isolates from bloodstream infections and evaluate their epidemiological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in a tertiary care hospital in North India.
Materials and Methods: Blood samples were cultured in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital from January 2019 to May 2021, and the samples which showed growth of Candida species (spp.) were included in this study. Candida isolates were initially characterized by conventional techniques. Further identification and antifungal susceptibility testing were performed using Vitek 2 compact automated system. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS software (Version 25.0).
Results: Candida spp. were isolated from a total of 116 blood samples, 60.92% of which belonged to males. The majority (43.10%) of isolates were obtained from 0-1-month-old neonates, followed by infants (16.38%) and children in the age range of 1-17 years (16.38%). Only 6.89% of isolates were obtained from adults older than 18 years. Candida tropicalis (26.72%) was the most common species, followed by Candida pelliculosa (19.83%), Candida albicans (17.24%), Candida parapsilosis (14.66%), Candida famata (9.48%), and Candida krusei (9.48%). Other isolated species included Candida lusitaniae, Candida sphaerica, and Candida inconspicua. Out of 116 isolates, 101 isolates were subjected to Vitek 2 susceptibility testing. Overall, 21.78% (22/101) of Candida isolates were found to be resistant/intermediate. Among C. albicans isolates, resistance was observed only against voriconazole (20%) and fluconazole (5%); however, among non- albicans Candida species (NAC), resistance was observed against flucytosine (16.04%), followed by fluconazole (14.81%), voriconazole (3.70%), and caspofungin (3.70%).
Conclusion: Non-albicans Candida spp. predominated over Candida albicans in causing bloodstream infections and were found to be more resistant to antifungals. Continuous surveillance is necessary to monitor changes in epidemiological and resistance patterns.
Risk factors and lethality associated with Candidemia in severe COVID-19 patients
Authors: Dursun Zehra Beştepe , Sipahioğlu Hilal , Yüksel Recep Civan , Sav Hafize , Çelik İlhami
Published: August 2022

Background and Purpose: Candidemia remained important in the intensive care units (ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory data on candidemia in COVID-19 patients.
Materials and Methods: The baseline characteristics, as well as laboratory and clinical findings of candidemia and non-candidemia patients, were compared. Candidemia was defined as the isolation of Candida spp. from blood cultures. The isolates were identified by VITEK® 2 (bioMérieux, France) commercial method. Antifungal susceptibility was assessed using the E-test method. Univariate and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were performed to compare the variables.
Results: In total, 126 patients with the COVID-19 disease were included. Candidemia was diagnosed in 44 (35%) of the patients. The number of patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure was higher in the candidemia group. In the candidemia group, the duration of ICU stay of patients, the 30-day mortality rate, mechanical ventilation therapy, and systemic corticosteroids (Prednisone) usage were significantly higher in candidemia patients. Moreover, the median white blood cell, neutrophils, and lactate dehydrogenase were higher in the candidemia group. Univariate and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were performed to compare the variables. Isolated species were identified as Candida albicans (n=12, 41%), Candida parapsilosis (n=7, 24%), Candida glabrata (n=6, 21%), Candida tropicalis (n=3, 10%), and Candida dublinensis (n=1, 3%). In total, three isolates of six C. glabrata species had dose-dependent sensitivity to fluconazole, and one C. parapsilosis was determined to be resistant.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 patients who are admitted to ICU have many risk factors associated with candidemia. The most common risk factors for the development of candidemia were mechanical ventilation, diabetes mellitus, neutrophilia, and low hemoglobin level. The most frequently isolated species was C. albicans. Moreover, caspofungin was found to be the most effective drug in vitro. No significant resistance pattern was detected against the isolated species. It should be noted that risk-stratified antifungal prophylaxis in the ICU is possible.
Mucormycosis: A comparative update between conventional and molecular diagnosis strategies
Authors: Mudgal Shikha , Rao Shalinee , Pai Manju O
Published: August 2022

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic, aggressive, and angioinvasive fungal infection associated with a high mortality rate as it disseminates and infects the whole body if not treated early. Most conventional diagnostic methods require time and may also generate false-negative reports due to the several lacunae associated. On the other hand, molecular methods are rapid, reliable, and can be applied to different biological samples, such as fresh tissue, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks, serum, and urine. Mucorales are angio-invasive, and many studies have found the circulating fungal DNA (a non-invasive form of DNA) in the blood and urine of the patient. In addition, with the increase in the usage of steroid drugs in this COVID scenario, the rate of mucormycosis infection has taken a sudden rise. In light of this situation, there is an imperative need to diagnose these infections at the earliest.
Studies on the diagnosis of mucormycosis were explored and retrieved from Pubmed and Google Scholar. Histopathology and culture reports of patients diagnosed with mucormycosis in 2019-2020 were searched and retrieved from the hospital database (ethically permitted) to find the rate of concordance between the techniques. In this review study, different tested molecular techniques are encapsulated, and various primers are documented that are used to identify and classify different Mucoromycota fungi.
An attempt has been made to compare the feasibility, accuracy adaptability, and time frame used among molecular and conventional methods for the diagnosis of mucormycosis.
Analysis of Output and Employment of Trade and Finance in India: A Case of Disproportional Rise in Output than Employment for Service Sector
Authors: Prakash Dipak
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the study: The study aims to analyse why the service sector in India has not generated employment in the proportion of output when the sector has geared up its share in national income since 1980.

Methodology: It's based on a simple comparative empirical analysis of data on output and employment of trade and finance in India. Quantitative analysis of output is based on data collected from National Accounts Statistics (NAS). The analysis used data from the base year 2004-05 and back series. On the 2004-05 back series, data is available till the year 2011-12. Therefore, to explain long periods, 1950 to 2012, we used 2004-05 data. However, for the latest analysis of output along with employment, we prefer to use the 2011-12 series GDP data of KLEMS India (published by RBI).

Employment data is collected primarily from two sources- NSS and KLEMS India. Principal status and subsidiary status (PS+SS) are used for analysis.  

Main Findings: Trade being a labour-intensive sector has shown proportionate employment generation between 1980 to 2004. After 2004, the story changed. Despite the same pace of growth, employment generation is proportionately lower. The reason is the growing rise in the capital intensity of trade. In the case of finance, capital-intensive is just the opposite of trade- the rise in output is greater in the period, 1980 to 2004 than the concomitant rise in employment. 2004 onwards, rise in employment is greater. The reason is no significant rise in capital intensity in the sector.

Applications of the study:In macroeconomics, output and employment believed to go hand in hand. However, services defy the dictum- higher rise in GDP share but no corresponding rise in employment share. It helps understand ‘jobless growth’ of Indian economy after reforms of 1991.

Novelty/Originality of the study: Trade being labour-intensive has changed its nature after 2004, the sector’s capital intensity has grown faster than finance. Further, finance is capital-intensive sector but no significant rise in capital intensity.
German immigrants in central Poland in the late 18th and early 19th centuries
Authors: Marszał Tadeusz
Published: August 2022

The aim of this article is to provide a holistic presentation of the genesis, intensity, and directions of movement, as well as the spatial and temporal distribution of the German national group which settled in Central Poland from the end of the 18th century to the 1820–1830 period. This paper analyses the determinants of the inflow of German immigrants, and their geographical origin, as well as the social and occupational structure. The settlers from German lands were a very diverse social group. In the case of first and second-generation immigrants who came to Central Poland, the social integration process was still quite slow. The colonists and settlers living in the diaspora developed a certain pattern of existence that focused on their immediate environment separating them from the outside world, while the retention of their mother tongue and religious tradition was more an expression of traditionalist consciousness than national identity.
Effect of Parity, Lactation Length and Season of Calving on Milk Production in Nili Ravi Buffaloes Maintained at Livestock Farm, GADVASU, Ludhiana
Authors: Shende T.C. , Kaur S. , Mukhopadhyay C.S. , Malhotra P. , Kashyap N.
Published: August 2022

Background: Nili Ravi buffalo breed is one of the best milk-producing buffalo breeds with excellent potential for milk production. In the present investigation, we studied the effect of non-genetic factors on milk production traits in Nili Ravi buffalo. Methods: In the present study, we analyzed the factors affecting milk production traits in 279 standardized lactation records in Nili Ravi buffaloes maintained at the Directorate of Livestock Farm, GADVASU, Ludhiana, from 2009 to 2020. The effect of lactation length (LL), parity and season of calving (SOC) on milk production were analyzed using GLM (General Linear Model) IBM SPSS Statistics 26 version software. Result: The overall 305 days corrected milk yield of Nili Ravi buffalo was 2247.09±26.51 kg with an average lactation length of 274.72±62.78 days. The effect of SOC and parity number was found to be significant (P≤0.05) on the 305 days of corrected milk yield, whereas the effect of lactation length was found significant on lactation milk yield (P≤0.01). It is concluded that the lactation length, parity and calving season significantly affect the milk production trait in Nili Ravi buffalo.
Current Status of Thalassemia Minor Studies
Authors: CEYLAN Güray , ÖZLÜ Can
Published: August 2022

Thalassemia minor carriage is one of the most common causes of anemia in Mediterranean countries. This study aimed to investigate the publications in scientific journals on thalassemia minor, which is an important health problem, especially in Mediterranean countries. The goal of this study was to retrieve data from journals that were indexed in the Web of Science (WoS; Thomson Reuters, New York, NY, USA) database. The WOS Core Collection was used to retrieve comprehensive bibliometric data. Keywords related to "beta-thalassemia carrier," or "beta-thalassemia trait," thalassemia minor" or "heterozygous beta-thalassemia" were used in a search query in the WOS search engine. The time frame was specified since 10 March 2022. The analysis included information on the increase of publications, the most active countries and institutions, the most cited journals, and the mapping of publications and keywords. A total of 8618 publications were retrieved. The first article was published in 1970, and the period between 1970 and 2021 was searched. The maximum number of publications was published in the year 2021. The number of publications had increased since 2009. Most of the publications were articles (61.696 %). The publications were from more than 100 disciplines and most of them were from Hematology (49.176%). The publications were from 274 different countries. Most of the publications were from the USA, Italy, and Greece. The USA is at the top of the list in the number of publications. But with active funding and support from the governments especially the Mediterranean countries, which have a higher prevalence of thalassemia minor, the productivity of scientific research should be increased.
Seeking Common Ground: Intergenerational Cooperation in Post-Soviet Russia (an Overview on the Bases of RLMS-HSE
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kozyreva Polina M. , Smirnov A.I. ,   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

. Intergenerational cooperation, understanding and willingness to tolerate the lifestyles and opinions of people from other generations, is critical to social cohesion. This paper uses the data from “Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey of HSE” (RLMS-HSE) for 1994–2020 to examine evolving attitudes about intergenerational cooperation and the factors influencing this evolution in post-soviet Russia. The RLMS-HSE data includes information on Russian citizens aged 14 years and older. As the data shows, positive attitudes towards intergenerational cooperation are widespread and fairly stable over the years. While younger generations are more open to dialog and cooperation in general, the elderly have become increasingly more tolerant towards younger people in recent years. Positive attitudes about intergenerational cooperation are associated with improved social well-being, rising levels of general life-satisfaction, happiness and trust, decreasing risk of social isolation. Marriage status, the number of children and their age has little impact on how strongly people believe that mutual understanding and cooperation between young people and older generations is an achievable goal. Nonetheless, strong family ties are associated with an increased tolerance towards other generations. The development of digital technologies has had little effect on intergenerational cooperation so far. Surprisingly, not all young Russians can be characterized as “digital natives”. There are sizeable groups of young people who differ slightly from older generations when it comes to their relationship with digital technologies.
Alcohol Consumption by Russian Youth and their Parents in 2006–2019
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondratenko V. A.
Published: August 2022

We examine the main trends in alcohol consumption among young people aged 14–17 and 18–22 based on the data from “Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics” (RLMS-HSE) for the years 2006–2019. Over the years a decreasing number of young people consume alcohol and their consumption is highly irregular. For this reason, to estimate the proportion of young people consuming alcohol, we use the question “Do you consume alcohol, at least occasionally?” in the RLMS-HSE questionnaire. Based on the data for 2012–2019, we identify four types of alcohol consumption among young people: “only beer”, “vodka, beer and other drinks”, “cognac / whiskey / liquor, beer and other drinks”, “wine and beer”. The main differences between these four types and the types of alcohol consumption that characterize drinking habits of the Russian adults are that all four types include beer and most of them comprise two or more kinds of drinks. In addition, we consider the relationship between the consumption patterns of children and their parents. Parents drink alcohol in most families with children aged 14–22. However, the likelihood of children drinking depends on the amount of alcohol consumed by their parents rather than the mere fact of parental alcohol consumption. If parents are prone to excessive alcohol use their children are more likely to drink. Alcohol use in teenagers aged 14–17 is heavily influenced by the excessive alcohol consumption of their mothers, while the excessive alcohol use of the fathers doesn’t have the same effect. Parents’ absence from the household also negatively affected the level of alcohol consumption of their children. Father’s absence in combination with mother’s excessive alcohol use markedly increases the likelihood of young people drinking alcohol.
Assessment of the planned position of the track gauge of existing railways
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Skutin Alexander I. , Mylnikov Maxim M. ,   IE “Mylnikov M. M.”, Yakimov Mikhail O. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: August 2022

The article considers the assessment of the influence of geometry of rail threads in terms of actual values of the lateral pressure coefficient from the impact of transverse forces during the passage of railway rolling stock.
The device for protecting the braking system of the Formula Student racing car
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Zelyukov Ivan M. , Shtrapenin Gennadiy L. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: August 2022

The article discusses the original design of the racing car brake system protection device - braking system plausibility device (BSPD), manufactured within the framework of the international educational project “Formula Student”. According to the project regulations, the device must not contain programmable blocks and must block the car power supply system for 0.5 seconds if the brake gas pedals are pressed simultaneously. A working layout of the BSPD device was made, which demonstrated compliance with the specified parameters.
Research on formation of the transport services market and the model of the regional transport and food balance
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution «Scientific Center for Complex Transport Problems of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation», Chebotaev Alik A. , Ivakhnenko Andrey M. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI), Tung Nguyen ,   Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University (MADI)
Published: August 2022

The theoretical models of formation of the transportation price - the equilibrium tariff in the transport services market are investigated. A specific model of formation of the promising transport and food balance is shown when planning the average per capita consumption of five main groups of food productsin accordance with recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The conceptual scheme of the transport and economic territorial balance is given, the principles of mutual balance of the development of territorial production and transportation, carrying capacity of transport are formulated, a refined definition of the freight transport services market is given.
Influence of diameter on mechanical behavior of morse taper narrow implants
Authors: Reis Tais Alves dos , Borges Giovanna Chaves Souza , Zancopé Karla , Neves Flávio Domingues das
Published: August 2022

Dental implants could give back function, esthetics and quality of life to patients. The correct choice of the implant, especially in borderline cases, is essential for a satisfactory result. Aim: Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the mechanical behavior of Morse taper implants with two different prosthetic interfaces. Methods: Twenty self-locking Morse taper implants, 2.9 mm in diameter (FAC), and 20 Morse taper implants, 3.5 mm in diameter (CM) were divided into two groups (n=10), and submitted to strength to failure test, optical microscopic evaluation of fracture, metallographic analysis of the alloy, finite element analysis (FEA) and strain gauge test. A Student’s t test (α = 0.05) was made for a statistical analysis. Results: For the strength to failure test, a statistically difference was observed (p <0.001) between FAC (225.0 ± 19.8 N) and CM (397.3 ± 12.5 N). The optical microscopic evaluation demonstrated a fracture pattern that corroborated with FEA´s results. The metallographic analysis determined that the implants of the FAC group have titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy in their composition. In the strain gauge test, there was no statistical difference (p = 0.833) between CM (1064.8 ± 575.04 μS) and FAC (1002.2 ± 657.6 μS) groups. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in this study, ultra-narrow implants (FAC) should ideally be restricted to areas with low masticatory effort.
A low-concentration sulfone electrolyte enables high-voltage chemistry of lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Lv Ling , Zhang Haikuo , Lu Di , Yu Yuan , Qi Jiacheng , Zhang Junbo , Zhang Shuoqing , Li Ruhong , Deng Tao , Chen Lixin , Fan Xiulin
Published: August 2022

Commercial carbonate electrolytes with poor oxidation stability and high flammability limit the operating voltage of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) to ~4.3 V. As one of the most promising candidates for electrolyte solvents, sulfolane (SL) has received significant interest because of its wide electrochemical window, low flammability and high dielectric permittivity. Unfortunately, SL-based electrolytes with normal concentrations cannot achieve highly reversible Li+ intercalation/deintercalation in graphite anodes due to an ineffective solid electrolyte interface, thus undermining their potential application in LIBs. Here, a low-concentration SL-based electrolyte (LSLE) is developed for high-voltage graphite||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) full cells. A highly reversible graphite anode can be achieved through the preferential decomposition of the dual-salt LiDFOB-LiBF4 in the LSLE. The addition of fluorobenzene further restrains the decomposition of SL, endowing uniform, robust and inorganic-rich interphases on the electrode surfaces. As a result, the LSLE with improved thermal stability can support the MCMB||NCM811 full cells at 4.4 V, evidenced by an excellent cycling performance with capacity retentions of 83% after 500 cycles at 25 ℃ and 82% after 400 cycles at 60 ℃. We believe that the design of this fluorobenzene-containing LSLE offers an effective routine for next-generation low-cost and safe electrolytes for high-voltage LIBs.
Effect of Organic Media, Plant Growth Regulators and Different Colour of Wrappers on Success and Survival of Air Layering of Guava (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: R. K. Pathak P. Barde , Thakur Riya
Published: August 2022

The present investigation entitled effect of organic media, plant growth regulators and different colour of wrappers on success and survival of air layering of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) was carried out in Month of August during 2019 and 2020 at the Fruit Research Station Entkhedi, Bhopal, (M.P.) under the R.A.K. College of Agriculture, Sehore. The experiment was laid down in Randomized Block Design with three replication and twenty-five treatments. In these treatments five colour of Poly wrappers was used i.e.,White, Black,; Blue, Red and Green, five concentrations of Growth regulators i.e., IBA 0 ppm, IBA 2500 ppm, IBA 5000 ppm, IBA 7500 ppm and IBA 10000 ppm and four types of media i.e., Vermicompost, Soil, Leaf manure and Sphagnum moss. Observations was recorded Survival percentage of air-layers, Average number of new sprouts per layer, Average number of leaves per air layer and Average number of branches per air layers. Result obtained that the treatment T21 (IBA 10000 PPM + Vermicompost + W5) found superior in all the parameters of shoots characters and economics also during 2019-20 and 2020-21 also in pooled data.
Biocatalytic Preparation of Chiral Alcohols with Micro Green Algae: Bio-reduction of Carbonyl Compounds by Chlorogonium Strains as a Novel Biocatalyst
Authors: Ishihara Kohji , Oka S. , Hayashi Y. , Kondo Y. , Kitagawa Y. , Shimoda K. , N. Nakajima Masuoka
Published: August 2022

Chlorogonium strains were screened to examine the potential ability of microgreen algae to act as biocatalysts. Two culture media (National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) recommended AF-6 medium and a synthetic AY medium) were tested for the use in the liquid culture of three algal strains. When static cultured in the AY medium containing acetate and yeast extract under continuous light conditions, these strains showed promising growth. Thus, the stereoselective reduction of various carbonyl compounds using these strains was investigated. This study discovered that these strains could reduce aliphatic and aromatic a-keto esters, a-substituted b-keto ester, and aromatic a-keto amide. Based on the conversion ratio and stereoselectivity of the yielded alcohols, C. elongatum NIES-1357 strains cultured in the AY medium is a potential biocatalyst for the stereoselective reduction of aliphatic a-keto esters, 2-chlorobenzoylformamide, and ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate to the corresponding chiral alcohols in the presence of L-alanine.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management Practices and Rice Establishment Techniques on Soil Chemical and Biological Properties in Rice-Toria-Greengram Cropping Sequence
Authors: Baro Barsri , Binoy Kumar Medhi Kalyan Pathak
Published: August 2022

A field experiment was conducted at Instructional-cum-Research Farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during 2016-17 and 2017-18. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The treatments consisted of two different establishment techniques of rice viz., Transplanted rice (M1) and Direct seeded rice (M2) in main plot and five different nutrient management practices viz., Control(N1), 100% RDF (N2), 50% RDN as inorganic + 50% RDN as vermi-compost + bio-fertilizer (N3), 75% RDN as inorganic + 25% RDN as vermi-compost + bio-fertilizer (N4) and 100% N as vermi-compost + bio-fertilizer (N5) in sub-plots. Result of the experiment revealed that in rice 50% RDN as inorganic + 50% RDN as vermi-compost + bio-fertilizer, in toria 75% RDN as inorganic + 25% RDN as vermi-compost + bio-fertilizer and in greengram 50% RDN as inorganic + 50% RDN as vermi-compost + bio-fertilizer recorded the highest value of available N, P2O5, K2 O and organic carbon content of the soil. Significantly, the highest SMBC, fungal and bacterial population after two years cropping cycle was found in 50% RDN as inorganic + 50% RDN as vermi-compost + bio-fertilizer.
Study of Bacterial Biopolymer Production by Bacillus Species
Authors: Mhatre Kirti Jayant , Naik Vishal Arun
Published: August 2022

Modern world can‘t be imagined without plastics due to their vast applications in contemporary life. All the plastic products which are available in market are made up of Petrochemical based synthetic plastics. Such plastics are much difficult to biodegrade which results in its wise accumulation in environment and affects biogeochemical cycles enormously. However, Bioplastics made up of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) provide a better alternative to life threatening petrochemical plastics. PHB is a natural biopolymer produced by numerous bacteria by using different substrates and easy to extract. Thus on nature’s demand the author was performed an experiment with the aim isolate PHB producing bacteria form natural environment and optimized the PHB producing capability of selected isolates. Among twenty two bacterial isolates, five isolates were showed prominent PHB production at 37°C in presence of glucose and sucrose as a carbon source while peptone a nitrogen source in medium with pH 7.0. The isolates which showed more than 50% PHB production were identified as Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus cereus. PHB polymer production by isolate was confirmed by UV spectrophotometer analysis.
Response of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.) to Different Levels of Phosphorus and Potassium
Authors: Baite N.  Anthony , Nongmaithem Debika , Saya D. , Tzudir Lanunola , Borah Hironya Kumar
Published: August 2022

The experiment was conducted to study the response of green gram varieties to different levels of phosphorus and potassium. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with 12 treatments replicated thrice. Three different green gram varieties viz., V1: IPM 02-3, V2: SGC-20 and V3: SGC-16 were used along with four levels of phosphorus and potassium i.e., N1: control, N2: 40 kg ha-1 P2O5 + 40 kg ha-1 K2O, N3: 50 kg ha-1 P2O5 + 50 kg ha-1 K2O and N4: 60 kg ha-1 P2O5 + 60 kg ha-1 K2O. The study showed that different varieties and application of phosphorus and potassium had major influence on crop growth, yield attributes and yield. The variety IPM 02-3, was found to perform better than the other varieties and recorded the highest seed yield at 548.08 kg ha-1. Application of 60 kg ha-1 P2O5 + 60 kg ha-1 K2O resulted in maximum growth attributes such as plant height, branches plant-1, Leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR) and yield attributes and seed yield.
Effect of Organic Media, Plant Growth Regulators and Different Colour of Wrappers on Roots Studies of Air Layering of Guava (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: R. K. Pathak P. Barde , Thakur Riya
Published: August 2022

The present investigation entitled "Effect of organic media, plant growth regulators and different colour of wrappers on success and survival of air layering of Guava (Psidium guajava L.)” Was carried out in Month of August during 2019 and 2020 at the Fruit Research Station Entkhedi, Bhopal, (M.P.) under the R.A.K. College of Agriculture, Sehore. The experiment was laid down in Randomized Block Design with three replication and twenty-five treatments. In these treatments five colour of Poly wrappers was used i.e., White, Black, Blue, Red and Green, five concentrations of Growth regulators i.e., IBA 0 ppm, IBA 2500 ppm, IBA 5000 ppm, IBA 7500 ppm and IBA 10000 ppm and four types of media i.e., Vermicompost, Soil, Leaf manure and Sphagnum moss. Observations was recorded on rooting studies like callus formation day taken from layering date, rooting percentage success, average number of primary roots per air-layer, average number of secondary roots per air-layer, average length of primary roots, average length of secondary roots, average diameter of primary roots, average fresh weight of roots and average dry weight of roots. Result obtained that the treatment T21 (IBA 10000 PPM + Vermicompost + W5) found superior in all the parameters of rooting studies during 2019-20 and 2020-21, and also in pooled data.
Knowledge of Farmers towards Training Programme Organized by KVK in Aboi Town of Mon District, Nagaland
Authors: Weto Naomanlangzei , Jahanara Dipak Kumar Bose
Published: August 2022

Agriculture is the dominant sector of Indian economy. The progress of the nation is therefore, directly linked with advancement in agriculture. KVK play a vital role in carrying out various developmental activities on farmers’ fields to increase the agricultural production and improve their living standards. The KVK was launched in 1988-89 in all 11 districts viz., Dimapur, Kohima, Kiphire, Longleng, Mokokchung, Mon, Phek, Peren, Tuensang, Wokha and Zunheboto of Nagaland. The study revealed that majority of the farmers belonged to middle aged group, educated between primary and high school level, had medium level of annual income with medium size of land holding. Majority of them had medium (10-20) years of farming experience, use of sources of information and high level of participation in extension activities. It was observed that the majority (74.20%) of the respondents had medium level of knowledge towards the training programme of KVK prevailing in the area followed by 17.50% having low and 8.30% having high knowledge level respectively. In respect of correlation analysis between knowledge level and the independent variables, it shows that age, education, annual income, marital status, family type, size of family, occupation and land holding had positive and non-significant. Whereas, participation in extension activities, social participation, innovativeness and mass media exposure was found to be significant. The major constraints faced by the respondents were lack of transport facility, inadequate credit facility, lack of promotional opportunities, non-availability of timely technical information, irregular supply of inputs etc.
Performance of Woman Self Help Groups in Chandrapur District
Authors: N. M. Kale A. B. Karmenge , N. P. Jangwad R. T. Katole , Gawande S. A.
Published: August 2022

The present study on “Performance of woman Self Help Groups in Chandrapur District” was conducted in Chandrapur districts of Maharashtra State. The exploratory research design was used for the study. In all, 120 womans SHG members were selected by random sampling method. The data were collected by personal interview method with the help of structured interview schedule. The data collected were examined, classified, quantified and tabulated. Frequencies, mean, standard deviation and coefficient of correlation were employed for interpreting the results. The majority 60.00 per cent of the respondents were observed in medium level of performance category, followed by 22.50 per cent of the respondents had high level and 17.50 per cent were observed under low level of performance group. Hence this study implied that all the line/developmental departments have great scope for improving the performance of the SHGs in Chandrapur district by organising various interventions.
Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Crop as Influenced by Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization in Alluvial Soil of Agra
Authors: Singh Yogesh
Published: August 2022

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season, 2018-19 at research farm of R.B.S. College Bichpuri, Agra (U.P.) on alluvial soil to evaluate the performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization. The four nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg N/ha) and three phosphorus levels (0, 30, and 60kg P2O5/ha). Treatment was tasted in Randomized Block Design with three replication. Result revealed that the application of nitrogen significant effect on growth character, plant height, number of tiller, spike length and yield attributes i.e. grains /ear test weight, grain and straw yield and nutrient N P K uptake the maximum value under N120 kg/ha as comparison to other treatment and lowest under control. However, the application of phosphorus 60kg/ha significant effect on growth character, yield attributes and yield, protein content and nutrient uptake in comparison to 30kg P2O5 and lowest under control. Application of N120kg/ha and P2O5 60kg/ha improve grain and straw yield over control. The higher grain (41.9 and 38.7 kg/ha) and straw (71.6 and 65.8 kg/ha), Protein contact ingrain (11.43 and 10.61) recorded under Nitrogen 120kg/ha and P2O5 60kg/ha dose.
An Analysis on the Utilization Pattern of Reservoir Cage Farming in Khammam District of Telangana State, India
Authors: Shankar Shetty Shiva , Veerabhadran K. , Umamaheswari T. , N. Veerabhadra Rao Padmavathy
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the utilization of existing natural resources of reservoir cage farming practices for enhancing better production of fishes in a limited time. The present study was carried out to document the socio-economic profile, technology adoption practices and constraints faced by the reservoir cage farmers of Khammam district of Telangana state. A total of 120 progressive cage farmers were selected randomly from three reservoirs Palair, Wyra and Lankasagar reservoirs. Age (X1), Experience in cage farming (X6), Participation in trainings (X15) showed significance at 1.00 per cent level and found to be positively correlated. Occupational status (X3), Annual income (X4), Information seeking behavior (X5), Contact with extension agency (X12), and Decision making behavior (X14) had positive correlation at 5.00 per cent level of significance. The estimated R2 value was 0.524 which clearly indicate that 52.40 per cent of the variations observed among the independent variables were explained in the extent of adoption of farming practices by the cage farmers. Constraints constitutes by cage farmers are less market price for pangasius (I), slow growth rate of fish (II) was the most significant constraints by 91.66 per cent, 90.00 per cent of the surveyed farmers.
Photosynthetic Light Intensity Responsive Curve of Mango cv. Alphonso under Man-Made Light Source
Authors: Mallikarjuna Kuruva , Kulkarni M. M. , Burondkar M. M.
Published: August 2022

The research project entitled “Study of Photosynthetic Light Intensity Responsive Curve of Mango Cv. Alphonso under Man-Made Light Source. All physiological process required optimum light conditions. The amount of photosynthesis efficiency depends upon the light intensity levels. Treatment details were 100 pfd, 250 pfd, 500 pfd, 750 pfd, 1000 pfd, 1250 pfd, 1500 pfd, 1750 pfd and 2000 pfd with four replications were made. The obtained results were the saturation point in the photosynthetic light intensity responsive curve of mango Cv. Alphonso was in between 750 - 1000 pfd. The maximum rate of physiological activities were higher in this saturation point (i.e. photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance rate).
Potential Use of Citrus (Peel) Waste to obtain Bioethanol
Authors: Pilco M. Elva Beatriz , Masabanda P. Gladys Beatriz , Pilco Carlos Jácome
Published: August 2022

In this work, a specialized and updated bibliographic review has been carried out, in order to have the most recent technologies that allow the development of efficient processes for the conversion of waste into biofuels, the same ones that contribute to reducing the environmental impact. An in-depth bibliographical research was carried out to know the processes of obtaining bioethanol from its shells. The results show that the success of obtaining the final product depends on an optimal fermentation, however it can be achieved in a short time of 24 hours, in addition the released results show that the mandarin peels present a better yield of ethanol, followed by the orange with a considerable proportion and finally the lemon peel with a minimal contribution.
Comparative Study of 3 Row Manual Rice Transplanter with Traditional Manual Transplanting
Authors: Mohanta Bijayalaxmi
Published: August 2022

Rice is the major cereal in Odisha. In Jajpur district rice is also taken as the first cereal crop by most of the people in their diet. It is grown in an area of more than 1.25 lakh ha with a production of about tones of paddy per year in Jajpur district. Farmers are preferred transplanting than direct sowing of paddy. As line transplanting is increasing the production. An attempt in this paper has been made by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jajpur to find the efficacy of 3 row rice transplanter developed by Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology over manual line transplanting. Economic analysis from both the methods of transplanting showed that cost of cultivation for manual transplanting was more than that of mechanical transplanting. A benefit cost ratio of 2.05 was found in case of mechanical transplanting than that of manual transplanting i.e., 1.65.
Study on Genetic Diversity in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Germplasm under Normal Sown Conditions
Authors: Praneeth Dasari , Chandana Padala , M. Lal Gaibriyal.
Published: August 2022

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) also referred to as "poor man’s meat and rich man’s vegetable" is that the second most significant food legume within the world after beans in terms of area (13.5 million hectares) and production (13.1 million tons). Variability may be a greater need for initiating a breeding program for yield and yield contributing traits. a complete of 35 lines, together with a check, were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Highest seed yield per plant was recorded by IPC-04-01. All the traits except number of branches showed significant variation among the lines. Number of pods per plant, biological yield and number of secondary branches showed high Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) and Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV), whereas number of number of seeds per plant, number of pods per plant and days to maturity, showed moderate GCV and PCV. Supported D2 values, 35 genotypes were grouped into nine clusters. Cluster I with 4 genotypes, cluster II with 13 genotypes had highest number of genotypes, cluster III with 9 genotypes, cluster IV & V with 1 genotypes in each, cluster VI with 4, and cluster VII, VIII and IX with 1 genotype each. The non-hierarchical Euclidean cluster analysis using 13 quantitative characters revealed maximum diversity between cluster V & IX. supported cluster means, cluster distances and as such performance BGD-9977, ICC-1205, RVG-204, IPC-12-100, ICCV-16317, JG-130 were found more diverse among 35 chickpea genotypes which may well be used as parents in hybridization programme for more heterotic response and generation of higher segregants in chickpea breeding.
Trends in Area, Production, and Productivity of Capsicum in H.P. and Solan
Authors: Kumari Sangya , Sharma Subhash , Guleria Amit
Published: August 2022

The present study was conducted to work out the trends in area, production and productivity of capsicum in the H.P. and Solan during 1995-96 to 2015-16. The area under capsicum production in H.P. and Solan was found increasing with a significant growth rate of 6 per cent and 7.90 per cent per annum. The production of capsicum has shown fluctuations with a per annum significant growth rate of 10.30 per cent in H.P and 15 per cent in Solan. Productivity is increasing at a per annum significant rate of 4.30 per cent in H.P and 7.20 per cent in Solan.
Entomophagy and Commercially Available Insects among the Sumi Nagas in Dimapur District of Nagaland, Northeast India
Authors: Sumi Alino , Ao Imtikala
Published: August 2022

Given the myriad diversity of insect species in Nagaland; it has been a source of nutrition and livelihood for the Nagas. Entomophagy is a notable practice prevalent among the Sumi Nagas of Nagaland. The present study was undertaken with the aim of identifying, listing the edible insects which are consumed by the Sumi Nagas and are commercially available in Dimapur; with evaluation of their nutritional composition. Including but not limited to, eleven species of insects belonging to different order and family were identified. Variant mode of consumption-fried, roasted, smoked, steamed with local herbs, spices, chutney, were reported. The study underlines the potential of extensive research on edible insects and its nutritional value, and additionally, the need for documentation of traditional rearing and its sustainable use.
Research and analysis of functional foods in the food industry
Authors: Graciela Chamorro , Martha Arguello , Julissa Barragan , Carlos Jacome
Published: August 2022

Functional foods have a positive potential for health since they go beyond basic nutrition and promote optimal health that help reduce the risk of disease, which is why they are defined as products of physiologically active components, generally the industry food has developed impressive products which are scientifically beneficial or harmful to health, which is why the have developed a great researcho on components such as: fats,sugars and tests of acceptability in consumers to develop nutritional and safe products for the society for which there was a progress of nutritional labeling for products, in which the products “ light’’, “low in calories’’, “low in fat’’ and “low in sugar’’ arose, and in parallel those products are highlighted’’ rich in fiber.
Green Synthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles using Mesophilic Bacterial Strain Bacillus subtilis SP2 and its Characterization
Authors: Saritha S. , Prabha V.
Published: August 2022

Nanotechnology has recently materialized as a fundamental scientific branch that sightsees the interface of synthetic and biotic materials. Nanotechnology is presently employed as a tool to combat frightfulailments caused by drug-resistant microbes. TiO2 nanoparticles have been well known for their inhibitory and bactericidal effects. TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a biogenic approach mediated by using the culture supernatant of Bacillus subtilise SP2. The biogenic TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited maximum antagonistic activity on Escherichia coli (17mm).