bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Women’s facial attractiveness nowadays – results from analysis of public figures
Authors:   Faculty of Dental  Medicine, “Carol Davila”  University of Medicine and  Pharmacy, Bucharest, Preoteasa Cristina T. , Iordache Sabina ,   Faculty of Dental  Medicine, “Carol Davila”  University of Medicine and  Pharmacy, Bucharest, Imre Marina ,   Faculty of Dental  Medicine, “Carol Davila”  University of Medicine and  Pharmacy, Bucharest, Perlea Paula ,   Faculty of Dental  Medicine, “Carol Davila”  University of Medicine and  Pharmacy, Bucharest, Tancu Ana Maria C. ,   Faculty of Dental  Medicine, “Carol Davila”  University of Medicine and  Pharmacy, Bucharest, Preoteasa Elena ,   Faculty of Dental  Medicine, “Carol Davila”  University of Medicine and  Pharmacy, Bucharest
Published: April 2022

Aim. To identify the main facial features associated to facial attractiveness in women nowadays. Method. A descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 20 female public figures, very famous and successful women, most frequently actresses, singers or models, considered very beautiful nowadays. Their selection followed the analysis of several recent tops that aimed identifying most beautiful women, in which raters were lay persons. Data was collected by analyzing photos from frontal and lateral view, during rest position and smiling. Results. The persons analyzed registered diverse facial traits. Most obvious trends, encountered in more than 75% of them, included: Caucasian race; straight and long hair; average nasal tip protrusion; maxillary dental midline concordant to facial midline; a thicker lower lip compared to the upper lip; exposure of only maxillary incisors during smile; decreased or absent buccal corridor; maxillary central incisors of oval/rectangular shape; absence of maxillary teeth crowding. Other frequently encountered features were: American nationality; brown hair; eyes with medium size, almond shape, wide set, of green color; nose with an average width; face with a decreased lower third and a slightly convex profile; a thick lower lip and an average upper lip; exposure during smiling till the first molar, with a normal smile line. Conclusions. The public beautiful women nowadays register features that are generally associated to an increased facial attractiveness. Knowledge of trends in facial beauty is useful in dental practice, in order to understand better patient’s need in terms of esthetic expectations.
Current review of surgical management options for rotational alignment of the femoral and tibial component in total knee replacement
Authors:   Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest,  Romania  Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University  Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Cretu Bogdan , Cirstoiu Catalin ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest,  Romania   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University  Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Cristea Stefan ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest,  Romania     Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Pantelimon  Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

Rotational malalignment complication following TKA, is common but can be avoided with proper surgical technique. This paper reviews the literature regarding rotational alignment during TKA, femoral and tibial rotation, and highlights the techniques prior in obtaining proper rotational positioning, nevertheless correct positioning in all three planes is important. Proper femoral component positioning in the axial plane is done using as landmarks the posterior condylar line (PCL), surgical transepicondylar axis (sTEA), anatomical transepicondylar axis and the trochlear anteroposterior (AP) axis. The paper describes the angular relationships between these landmarks and the distal femur. Axial tibial positioning is done when using intraarticular landmarks, the combination of more than one landmark could be a solution for solving this problem. The consensus is that femoral component should be positioned according to TEA but the interobserver variability of this land mark is very high. The rotation of the tibial component remains an open subject, most studies suggesting a point between half of the distance of patellar ligament and 1/3 of the internal tuberosity as optimal landmark.
New approaches regarding the protection forces’ health against the effects of some toxic substances
Authors:   Nuclear, Biolological and Chemical Defence Institute, University of Defence in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic, Otrisal Pavel , Diaconu Camelia ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Bratu Ovidiu ,   University Emergency Central Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Ionita Radu Florentina ,   University Emergency Central Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Melicharik Zdenek ,   Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic, Bungaru Simona ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
Published: April 2022

In the past, finding out the chemical resistance of the barrier materials designated for the production of individual protective equipment ofthe protection forces (policemen, firefighters, soldiers) was based on the need to respond to protection against weapons of mass destruction. Simple chemical methods based on indicating the colorimetric reactions were used. It was necessary to switch to more universal methods due to a change in the security of the environment and the need to focus on toxic industrial materials. The universality is due to using sensitive QCM sensors equipped with a special detection layer and some special carbon electrodes. The paper deals with new methods that are used to determine the chemical resistance of the barrier materials against the permeation of toxic substances, primarily in field conditions. However, they can also be used in stationary chemical laboratory conditions. Keywords: Permeation, barrier material, PIEZOTEST, KONDUKTOTEST, SORPTEST.
Characteristics and complications of supernumerary permanent teeth in a sample of patients examined in a university pedodontics clinic
Authors:   Pedodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Tanase Mihaela , Munteanu Aneta ,   Pedodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Stanciu Ioana ,   Pedodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Cocolescu Elena ,   Oral Medicine/Oral Pathology Discipline, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Nicolae Carmen ,   Oral Medicine/Oral Pathology Discipline, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Balan Gabriela ,   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania
Published: April 2022

Aim. The assessment of distribution of supernumerary permanent teeth (SPT) and the disturbances caused by them. Material and method. Cross-sectional study upon a sample of 85 children (58 boys) aged between 3 and 18 years (mean age=9.08±3.09 years) with at least one SPT. Were analyzed: patients’ distribution according to gender, age and number of dental units; SPT distribution according to arch and topography and also the disturbances noticed. Results. a) boys:girls ratio=2.14:1; b) the 85 patients had 107 SPT, mean number=1.25; c) 76.47% of patients had one SPT; d) 89.72% of SPT were on maxillary arch, maxilla:mandible ratio = 8.7:1; d) 92.52% of SPT were localized in anterior region, anterior:posterior region ratio = 12.3:1; e) mesiodens –71.96%, supernumerary lateral incisor – 19.62%; f) disturbances caused by SPT: ectopic eruption of permanent teeth – 36.47%; delay or failure of eruption of permanent teeth – 21.17%; crowding – 20%. Conclusions. 1. Supernumerary teeth were most frequent noticed in boys, in maxillary anterior region. 2. Most often they caused eruption disturbances of permanent teeth. Keywords: supernumerary permanent teeth, distribution, complications.
Assessment of the relationship between Val66Met BDNF polymorphism and the effectiveness of gait rehabilitation in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy
Authors: Bagrowski Bartosz , Czapracka Marta , Kraśny Joanna , Prendecki Michał , Dorszewska Jolanta , Jóźwiak Marek
Published: April 2022

Cerebral palsy (CP) is associated with the non‑progressive damage of upper motor neurons, which is manifested by a variety of symptoms, particularly motor and functional deficits. During the rehabilitation of patients with CP, attention is paid to improving mobility which can have a significant impact on the child’s development. The effectiveness of rehabilitation depends on the plasticity of the nervous system, which may be genetically determined. Of importance are the various polymorphisms of the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene. It has been shown that the Val/Val genotype may predispose children to greater improvements in function and its maintenance. However, subjects with the Met allele showed a reduced tendency to improve their motor functions but had significantly better results on indirect tests assessing gait function. Fifty subjects with CP participated in this study. They were divided into two groups by genotype and examined on their rehabilitation progress in terms of improved gait function. The results correlated with other studies describing the relationship between the BDNF genotype and learning motor functions in CP, and with numerous studies on the relationship between BDNF genotype and neuroplasticity in stroke patients. This research provides a basis for the identification of genetic biomarkers in patients with CP which can be used to predict the effects of rehabilitation therapy and help with the development of personalized treatments.
Games in the language learning classroom: Is the juice worth the squeeze?
Authors: Jones D.M.
Published: April 2022

This paper introduces a playful framing device, owning and operating a juice stand, to explore the costs and benefits of using games in language learning classrooms. Throughout, the needs of new and experienced game-based language teachers are addressed directly and reflective prompts from the field of business and economics are used to encourage game-based language teaching (GBLT) practice reflection. The paper begins by introducing a heuristic model to help you, language teachers, to carefully consider whether games are really worth implementing in your practice. To explore this question, this paper looks at game use costs and benefits, classroom implementation, teaching practice, personal/professional satisfaction, and professional development. In the penultimate section, the model’s treatment of GBLT costs and benefits is summarized and two bulleted-checklists are provided to help you quickly evaluate and/or assess your GBLT practice. The final section acknowledges caveats and limitations related to the framing device used in this paper. The appendix provides a list of helpful GBLT resources for both new and experienced GBLT teachers under the heading ‘GBLT Ingredients.’ These items can be perused and used as desired. General categories and short summaries of resources have been provided to make the list more useful as a general GBLT practice reference tool.
JOINT PHYSICAL CUSTODY AFTER DIVORCE
Authors: Kamińska Katarzyna
Published: April 2022

The article focusses on the issue of joint physical custody as a method of regulating parental authority after divorce or separation in the Polish family law. The purpose of the analysis is to clarify the concept of joint physical custody, its relation to parental authority and practical problems related to the institution of joint physical custody. Joint physical custody has not been regulated directly in the Polish law and therefore raises many doubts in the courts. It leads to different treatment of citizens by the public authorities. The article also discusses development of joint physical custody in the United States considered to be the birthplace of this institution. In foreign legal systems, the rule is to maintain parental authority of both parents after divorce. This corresponds to strong belief on the European and international forum that such an arrangement is the most appropriate for the best interests of the child
Correlation of Microclimate of West Java on Caffeine and Chlorogenic acid in Coffea canephora var. robusta
Authors: Awaliyah Suci , Widiyanto Sri Nanan B. , Maulani Rijanti R. , Hidayat Asep , Husyari Ujang Dinar , Syamsudin Tati Suryati , Marwani Erly
Published: April 2022

Caffeine and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are two compounds that play a role in determining the quality of coffee. The amount of the two compounds may vary depending on the environment where they are grown. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the local microclimatic condition and the concentration of caffeine and CGA in green and roasted beans of Robusta coffee from six different cultivation areas in West Java, Indonesia (i.e., Ciamis, Tasikmalaya, Sumedang, Kuningan, Cianjur, and Bogor). Samples of green beans and roasted beans were extracted with 70% methanol for caffeine analysis and ethyl acetate for CGA analysis. Caffeine and CGA were analyzed by UV-HPLC using a C18 shimpack gist shimadzu column, with an isocratic elution of methanol:water (1:1) at a 1 mL/min flow rate. Detection was performed at  λ272 nm and λ324 nm for caffeine and chlorogenic acid, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the correlation between microclimate with caffeine and chlorogenic acid. Results indicated that the concentration of caffeine ranged from 7.67 to 16.52% and 10.79 to 15.56% in the green and roasted bean coffee, respectively. The concentration of CGA ranged from 0.74 to 3.03% and 0.25 to 0.77% in the green and roasted bean coffee, respectively. Based on PCA analysis, the most influential microclimate on the caffeine concentration were the humidity, temperature, and altitude, with the total variance of PC1 and PC2 of  76.3%. However, there was no positive correlation between the measured microclimate and the CGA concentration. In conclusion, Robusta coffee's caffeine content is positively affected by the microclimatic condition (i.e., humidity, temperature, and altitude).
Depression, Anxiety, and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in ICU Survivors
Authors: Rasooli Fatemeh , Alijanpour Ebrahim , Moudi Sussan , Bijani Ali
Published: April 2022

Background: Mental disorders in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) can further deteriorate patients' physical and mental conditions and exert an undesirable impact on different aspects of their lives. Objectives: This research aimed to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depressive symptoms in patients discharged from the ICU and identify the associated factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 106 patients aged 18 years or over hospitalized for at least 48 hours in the ICUs affiliated with Babol University of Medical Sciences were enrolled by the census method for six months. At ICU discharge and four weeks later, they were examined by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Post Trauma Symptom Scale (PTSS)-10. Results: The prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, and PTSD were 60.3%, 26.4%, and 17.9%, respectively. These symptoms decreased after four weeks of discharge (P ≤ 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the duration of ICU stay and anxiety symptoms (r = 0.210, P = 0.032). Furthermore, there was a significant association between a history of physical illness before ICU admission and anxiety (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Screening of ICU-admitted patients for PTSD, anxiety, and depressive symptoms is recommended; however, the frequency of these symptoms is expected to reduce one month after ICU discharge.
Experiencing Relative Deprivation as True Crime: Applying Cultural Criminology to the Qanon Superconspiracy Theory
Authors: Caputo-Levine Deirdre , Harris Jacob
Published: April 2022

This essay builds upon earlier studies of the QAnon superconspiracy theory by applying cultural criminology as a framework to investigate the significance of QAnon and the events that facilitated the rise of the superconspiracy and the associated political movement. QAnon has had multiple impacts that should be of interest to criminologists. In the United States, QAnon was involved with the 2020 election, as adherents believed messages posted by "Q" referred to President Trump as a messiah and Trump tacitly acknowledged the group. In addition, QAnon has international influence, most recently in the "trucker" convoy in Canada and anti-vaccine protests in New Zealand and Germany. This essay utilizes cultural criminology to introduce the framework of relative deprivation theory and emphasize the importance of the gaze from above and below in structuring relative deprivation. In addition, we discuss the role of cultural understandings of victimization in shaping ideology and physical frameworks used by QAnon.
The Politics of Exploitation and Oppression, British Colonization, and Chinese Involvement in Zimbabwe
Authors: Takudzwa Munhuweyi Kenneth
Published: April 2022

In an analog philosophy by Lobengula of the chameleon and the fly, he unveiled the British occupation of Zimbabwe, which I equally translated or is similar to the 21st-century Chinese involvement in Zimbabwe. In understanding the exploitative nature of colonial and post-colonial politics, the research offered a comparative analysis of the British and Chinese involvement in Zimbabwe. The post-colonial economic colonization neo-colonialism, similar to dependency theory proponents, found the African continent under exploitation and oppression in her post-independence. The researcher utilized qualitative research of documentary review, online sources, and virtual ethnography to unveil and enrich the study phenomenon.
Monitoring COVID-19-Induced Gender Differences in Teleworking Rates Using Mobile Network Data
Authors: Grubanov-Boskovic Sara , Spyratos Spyridon , Iacus Stefano Maria , Minora Umberto , Sermi Francesco
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a sudden need for a wider uptake of home-based telework as means of sustaining the production. Generally, teleworking arrangements impact directly worker’s efficiency and motivation. The direction of this impact, however, depends on the balance between positive effects of teleworking (e.g. increased flexibility and autonomy) and its downsides (e.g. blurring boundaries between private and work life). Moreover, these effects of teleworking can be amplified in case of vulnerable groups of workers, such as women. The first step in understanding the implications of teleworking on women is to have timely information on the extent of teleworking by age and gender. In the absence of timely official statistics, in this paper we propose a method for nowcasting the teleworking trends by age and gender for 20 Italian regions using mobile network operators (MNO) data. The method is developed and validated using MNO data together with the Italian quarterly Labour Force Survey. Our results confirm that the MNO data have the potential to be used as a tool for monitoring gender and age differences in teleworking patterns. This tool becomes even more important today as it could support the adequate gender mainstreaming in the ‘Next Generation EU’ recovery plan and help to manage related social impacts of COVID-19 through policymaking.
Comparison of Methods for Imputing Social Network Data
Authors: Xu Ziqian , Hai Jiarui , Yang Yutong , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: April 2022

Social network data often contain missing values because of the sensitive nature of the information collected and the dependency among the network actors. As a response, network imputation methods including simple ones constructed from network structural characteristics and more complicated model-based ones have been developed. Although past studies have explored the influence of missing data on social networks and the effectiveness of imputation procedures in many missing data conditions, the current study aims to evaluate a more extensive set of eight network imputation techniques (i.e., null-tie, Reconstruction, Preferential Attachment, Constrained Random Dot Product Graph, Multiple Imputation by Bayesian Exponential Random Graph Models or BERGMs, k-Nearest Neighbors, Random Forest, and Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations) under more practical conditions through comprehensive simulation. A factorial design for missing data conditions is adopted with factors including missing data types, missing data mechanisms, and missing data proportions, which are applied to generated social networks with varying numbers of actors based on 4 different sets of coefficients in ERGMs. Results show that the effectiveness of imputation methods differs by missing data types, missing data mechanisms, the evaluation criteria used, and the complexity of the social networks. More complex methods such as the BERGMs have consistently good performances in recovering missing edges that should have been present. While simpler methods like Reconstruction work better in recovering network statistics when the missing proportion of present edges is low, the BERGMs work better when more present edges are missing. The BERGMs also work well in recovering ERGM coefficients when the networks are complex and the missing data type is actor non-response. In conclusion, researchers analyzing social networks with incomplete data should identify the network structures of interest and the potential missing data types before selecting appropriate imputation methods.
Propensity Score Modeling in Electronic Health Records with Time-to-Event Endpoints: Application to Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Yu Jonathan W. , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar , Yang Shu , Kang Le , Gupta Gaurav
Published: April 2022

For large observational studies lacking a control group (unlike randomized controlled trials, RCT), propensity scores (PS) are often the method of choice to account for pre-treatment confounding in baseline characteristics, and thereby avoid substantial bias in treatment estimation. A vast majority of PS techniques focus on average treatment effect estimation, without any clear consensus on how to account for confounders, especially in a multiple treatment setting. Furthermore, for time-to event outcomes, the analytical framework is further complicated in presence of high censoring rates (sometimes, due to non-susceptibility of study units to a disease), imbalance between treatment groups, and clustered nature of the data (where, survival outcomes appear in groups). Motivated by a right-censored kidney transplantation dataset derived from the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS), we investigate and compare two recent promising PS procedures, (a) the generalized boosted model (GBM), and (b) the covariate-balancing propensity score (CBPS), in an attempt to decouple the causal effects of treatments (here, study subgroups, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive/negative donors, and positive/negative recipients) on time to death of kidney recipients due to kidney failure, post transplantation. For estimation, we employ a 2-step procedure which addresses various complexities observed in the UNOS database within a unified paradigm. First, to adjust for the large number of confounders on the multiple sub-groups, we fit multinomial PS models via procedures (a) and (b). In the next stage, the estimated PS is incorporated into the likelihood of a semi-parametric cure rate Cox proportional hazard frailty model via inverse probability of treatment weighting, adjusted for multi-center clustering and excess censoring, Our data analysis reveals a more informative and superior performance of the full model in terms of treatment effect estimation, over sub-models that relaxes the various features of the event time dataset.
Impact based on quarantine psychology: analysis of left and right brain hemispheres
Authors: Sar Abhinanda , Kaur Jaspreet , Jindal Manoj Kumar , Prasad Kauleshwar
Published: April 2022

Brain, the most powerful object in the universe, consumes only a few watts of energy. To replicate it, a nuclear power plant will be necessary, and this powerhouse is the sole controller of the human body. Normally, the brain is divided into two parts, with the left and right hemispheres working independently. The right half of the brain tends to cause mental tension and anxiety, exacerbating the present physiological condition like the current COVID-19 outbreak. A survey w as d one i n t he D urg d istrict o f Chhattisgarh, which is one of the hardest hit epicenters of the COVID-19 second wave in India. According to this survey, the majority of women of all ages are right brained, meaning their right hemisphere predominates over their left. They are more likely to suffer from mental illnesses than men because they are more inventive and creative thinkers. To avoid this circumstance, stress-relieving activities have been developed.
Ferrovia e memória: a Companhia Paulista pelo crivo de raça e classe entre 1930 e 1970
Authors: Ferreira Lania Stefanoni
Published: April 2022

Objective/context: this paper is the result of a doctoral research that sought to analyze the trajectories of black and white railroad workers in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, in the cities of Rio Claro, São Carlos, and Araraquara between 1930 and 1970. The research focused on a reading of how railroad companies in the 20th century, in addition to interconnecting regions and bringing workers of different races closer together, influenced their ascension and mobility in the economic, political, social, and cultural fields in relation to other workers of the period. It aimed to analyze the trajectories and memories of these workers, to understand how black and white workers related to each other considering race and class issues. Methodology: based on the methodological concepts of memory and oral history, approximately 75 former Companhia Paulista railway workers were interviewed. Direct and indirect documentary sources such as books, articles, period newspapers, and other printed materials were also used in the research. Originality: the article advances the analyses presented in terms of possible intersections impregnated by oral history under the criterion of ethnicity and their position occupied in the world of work. Conclusions: the idea of a railway family was adapted to the myth of racial democracy, in its double meaning: although internal conflicts may exist, recognition as railway workers opened the way for all of the workers in the environment outside of work. The ambiguity between color and class coexisted in the trajectory of the interviewees as a relationship of implication, not of causality. The reduction of distances by means of informal cohabitation had an emotional background that was present even in those relationships that would be more characteristically impersonal. The fetish of equality among railroad workers functioned as a mediator in class relations, which contributed to the fact that conflictive situations frequently did not result in factual conflicts, but in conciliations within the railroad company.
Arte abstracto en la década de 1950 en Bogotá: la mirada de los críticos a los artistas y los artistas como críticos
Authors: Pini Ivonne , Bernal María Clara
Published: April 2022

Objective/Context: The 1950s was a critical decade regarding discussions about the relevance of abstraction as a visual language in the arts in Colombia. The encounters and disagreements in this regard between artists, critics, and the general public are a testimony of broader aspects, such as the search for a language of its own, the need to internationalize national art, the importance of educating about and through art, and the role of art criticism. The article highlights the complexity of these discussions between different actors in the artistic milieu and shows what was at stake, according to each of them, with the adoption or not of abstract art in the Colombian capital. Methodology: The study is based on an exhaustive review of newspaper archival material to examine the positions of some critics and artists of the decade, who were fully involved in the debates about abstraction versus figuration. Originality: Although the topic of abstraction has been studied in Colombia in recent years by scholars such as Ana María Franco and Carmen María Jaramillo, this article provides a look at critical texts on abstraction rather than at the artworks themselves or the artists. Conclusions: The review of newspaper archival material allowed visualizing several peculiarities of the conflict between the abstract proposal and figuration in the artistic field. On the one hand, there is evidence of a generational clash between artists who represented proposals from the 1930s and 1940s, and new languages that emerged in the 1950s. On the other, the position of a group of art critics actively participating in the period allowed identifying two approaches: those who considered that both artistic trends could coexist and those who proposed an irremediable contradiction between them.
Comentários sobre a primeira década de Tito Lívio
Authors: Maquiavel Nicolau
Published: April 2022

Em ‘Comentários sobre a primeira década de Tito Lívio’, Maquiavel brinda o leitor com a história de Roma, discorrendo sobre a sua política, suas divergências e seus conflitos. A obra escrita entre 1513 e 1517, cujo título original é Discorsi, é uma digressão sobre os dez primeiros livros do historiador romano Tito Lívio. Maquiavel não se preocupa em fundamentar afirmativas ou documentar suas referências. Em vez disso, identifica no passado acontecimentos ou sequências de eventos que ilustrem e confirmem suas convicções acerca do presente, em especial a política a ser seguida pelas cidades italianas.
Electronic structures and emission properties of typical binary single crystal REB6
Authors: Liu Hong-Liang , Guo Zhi-Ying , Yuan Xiao-Feng , Gao Qian-Qian , Duan Xin-Yu , Zhang Xin , Zhang Jiu-Xing ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China,   Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Published: April 2022

Binary rare earth hexaborides (REB6) have different rare earth elements with different valence electron distributions, which lead to different strange physical properties and different emission properties. However, in the electron emission properties, whether PrB6, NdB6, SmB6 and GdB6 all have excellent emission properties remains to be further studied, and the physical mechanism affecting their emission properties needs investigating. In this paper, the electronic structures, work functions of typical binary single crystal REB6 (LaB6, CeB6, PrB6, NdB6, SmB6, GdB6) are studied by first principles calculations. The single crystal REB6 are prepared by optical zone melting method, and their thermionic electron emission properties are tested experimentally. The theoretical calculation results show that the typical binary REB6 have large densities of states near the Fermi level. The d-orbitals with broad distributions in conduction bands are beneficial to electron emission. The localized f-orbital electrons in valence bands are not conducive to their electron emission. The theoretical calculations of work functions of typical binary single crystal REB6 (100) surface are consistent with the analyses of their electronic structures. The theoretical calculation values of work functions are ordered as GdB6 (2.27 eV) < CeB6 (2.36 eV) < LaB6 (2.40 eV) < PrB6 (2.58 eV) < SmB6 (2.63 eV) < NdB6 (2.91 eV). The experimental test results of thermionic electron emission of single crystal show that the experimental thermionic electron properties are consistent with the theoretical ones. The LaB6 and CeB6 both have good thermionic and field emission properties, and the GdB6 has excellent field emission properties.
Adaptive acquisition time scanning method for photon counting imaging system
Authors: Zhu Wen-Hua , Wang Shu-Chao , Wang Kai-Di , Chen Song-Mao , Ma Cai-Wen , Su Xiu-Qin ,   Key Laboratory of Space Precision Measurement Technology, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
Published: April 2022

Photon counting imaging system has recently received a lot of attention in ultra-weak light detection. It has high sensitivity and temporal resolution. The single-point scanning photon counting imaging system typically accumulates a large number of photon events to reconstruct depth image. Acquisition time is redundant or insufficient, which limits imaging efficiency. In this work, a new method called adaptive acquisition time scanning method (AATSM) is proposed to solve this dilemma. Comparing with the fixed acquisition time of every pixel, the method can automatically select the acquisition time of per pixel to reduce total time of data collecting while obtaining depth images. In experiment, we acquire the depth images with the same quality by different scanning methods, showing the feasibility of AATSM. The total time of collecting data by the AATSM can be reduced to 11.87%, compared with fixed acquisition time of every pixel. This demonstrates the capability of speed scanning of AATSM, which can be used for the fast imaging of photon counting system.
Recent experimental research progress of two-dimensional van der Waals semiconductor moiré superlattices
Authors: Li Ting-Xin ,   Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, School of Physics & Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China,   Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201210, China
Published: April 2022

A moiré superlattice can be formed by overlaying two atomically thin van der Waals materials with a rotation angle or with a lattice mismatch. Since the discovery of correlated insulators and superconductivity in magic angle twisted bilayer graphene, constructing moiré superlattices by various two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials and studying their novel properties emerge as a hot topic and research frontier in condensed matter physics. Here we review the recent experimental progress of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide moiré superlattices. In this system, the formation of moiré flat band does not rely on certain magic angles. Experimentally, a series of correlated electron states and topological states have been discovered and confirmed. Further theoretical and experimental studies can find a wealth of emergent phenomena caused by the combined influence of strong correlation and topology in transition metal dichalcogenide moiré superlattice.
Under a cloak of invisibility: Use of books and book chapters published by the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales since 1970
Authors: Calver Michael C.
Published: April 2022

Between 1970 and 2013, the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales (RZS NSW) published 30 books, contributing to many relevant or controversial zoological topics as well as documenting the society’s history and offering perspectives on the development of Australian zoology. Authors from eight countries contributed to books or chapters. Over 97% of authors indicated Australian affiliations in addresses. Approximately 67% of papers citing RZS NSW books or book chapters had at least one author with an Australian affiliation. Ten or more authors with affiliations from each of 22 other countries were also included, indicating that the books have an international profile. This conclusion is supported by an examination of global library holdings in WorldCat; all RZS NSW books are held in libraries with the range between 17 and 152 libraries per book. The range of countries holding each book is 4 to 14. The library holdings are an important reminder that citations are not the sole indicator of use of scientific publications, with the books remaining on library shelves because students and others consult them. Although the books and their chapters were often not listed in either Scopus or Web of Science (Core Collection) or Web of Science (all databases), citations to them could still be retrieved using either a secondary documents search (Scopus) or cited reference search (versions of Web of Science). Chapters from twenty-six books were cited in Scopus in 2020 or 2021, indicating that the books have long citation lives. A list of the 20 most highly cited books or chapters included seven chapters from the two editions of Conservation of Australia’s Forest Fauna, indicating a strong interest in this subject. Eight of the books or chapters on the list covered mammals and a further three covered vertebrates generally, so mammals also engendered strong interest. Benchmarking against similar books from another publisher, CSIRO Publishing, found similar problems of a low profile in Scopus and Web of Science (Core Collection) and Web of Science (all databases), but evidence of extensive library holdings.
The Moderating Role of Green Credit between Business Risk and Financial Performance – A Case Study of Chinese Commercial Banks
Authors: Hsiao Chih-Yi , Wang Jia-Wei
Published: April 2022

It attaches great importance to the development of green finance in China, and the bank's green credit business is just the most important link in the green finance project Most of the literature believe that green credit business helps to reduce the business risk of banks and then improve the financial performance of banks. This paper takes the Chinese banking sector from 2011 to 2020 as a research sample, to explore whether the green business in the banking industry can play a mediating role between banks' operational risk and financial performance. The results show that the higher the debt ratio contributes to the ROA and has no significant impact on the ROE, but the higher NPL hurts both ROA and ROE; the more green business also hurts both ROA and ROE; however, the cross term of debt ratio and green business has no significant relationship on ROA, but has a positive significant impact on ROE; the cross term of NPL and green business has a negative significant effect on ROE. We also provide the suggestion for these findings.
Piper nigrum and Morinda lucida Possess Antioxidant Capacities and Regulate the Activities of Key Carbohydrate and Lipid Digestive Enzymes
Authors: Njini Nfor Gael , W. Kom Christelle , Hadidjatou Dairou , Zouheira Djamila , S. A. Yadang Fanta , R. Mba Jean , P. H. Betote Diboue , L. Bouobouo Peclar , A. Joel Gbaweng Yaya , Sumanje Ayong Lawrence , Kuiaté Jules-Roger , A. Agbor Gabriel
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Carbohydrate and lipid digestive enzymes are instrumental in the absorbability of nutrients associated to diabetes and obesity. This study evaluated hydroethanolic extracts of Piper nigrum leaf and Morinda lucida stem bark for antioxidant capacity and enzymes (carbohydrate and lipid digestive) inhibition.

Methods: Colorimetric assays determined enzyme (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase and cholesterol esterase) inhibition and antioxidant capacity (total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content, radical scavenging activity (DPPH, ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)) of hydroethanolic ethanolic extracts, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions.

Results: At 1 mg/ml extracts of P nigrum and M lucida inhibited α- amylase (9.82±1.05 - 36.63±0.69 %) and α-glucosidase (22.47±0.34 - 67.77±0.58 %) activities. At 100 µg/ml extracts and fractions inhibited lipase (56.72±1.11 - 81.61±0.71 %) and cholesterol esterase (18.14 ±0.79 - 36.84±0.70 %) activities. IC50 for α- amylase (2.20±0.02 - 7.8±1.42 mg/ml), α-glucosidase (0.16±0.01 - 3.74±0.01 mg/ml), lipase (8.58±2.57 - 53.03±5.20 µg/ml) and cholesterol esterase (172.20±5.12 - 419.80±4.55 µg/ml) were registered. At 4 mg/ml, P. nigrum presented a higher TPC (153.78±8.31 - 354.63±6.33 mg/ml), TFC (21.65±1.14 -33.86±0.00 mg/ml) than M lucida TPC (10.21±0.11 - 169.89±6.54 mg/ml), TFC (ND - 87.32±6.14 mg/ml). P nigrum presented radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS) activity with IC50 0.12±0.00 - 1.27±0.01 mg/ml compared to 1.31±0.02 - 3.44±0.12 mg/ml of M lucida. The FRAP IC50 values were better for P nigrum (3.38±0.14- 4.48±1.05 mg/ml) than M lucida (3.34±1.32 - 15.4±2.03 mg/ml).

Conclusion: P nigrum presented better antioxidant capacity and more effective on lipid digestive enzymes while M lucida was more effective on carbohydrate digestive enzymes.
Effect of H. pylori among Diabetic Patients Living in Khartoum State, Sudan
Authors: Alias Nahla Mohammed , Elkarsany Mubarak Saeed Mustafa
Published: April 2022

Background: Studies suggest an association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and extra gastrointestinal disease. Limited studies provided conflicting results on the association between H. pylori infection and diabetes. The present study was aimed at examining the association between H. pylori infection and diabetes among Sudanese patients.

Methods: This was case control study conducted among Sudanese diabetic patients during the period from May 2018 to July 2021. A total of 181 diabetics patients are involved in this study. Blood, stool samples were collected from each participant. All stool samples were tested for the presence of H. pylori antigen by using commercially available H. pylori antigen detection card. Based on the  result examination for H. pylori the study population are sub grouped in two groups one group 124 of cases with  Positive H. pylori antigen and another group 57 of controls with negative H. pylori infection. Both groups were assessed for the level of fasting blood glucose. Data was gathered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20.

Results: among cases group the mean of fasting blood glucose was 201.94± 90.45 mg/dl compared to 199.40± 97.83 mg/dl among control group. The statistical analysis was showed insignificant difference between cases and controls in the level of fasting blood glucose with P-value of 0.864 . In addition, among cases group the mean of male’s blood glucose 213.0±91.52 mg/dl was higher than females blood glucose level 185.0 ±87.0 mg/dl.

Conclusion: They were insignificant association between blood glucose level and H. pylori infection among diabetes patents, However, the subgroup analysis suggested that H. pylori infection was possibly associated with increased risk of diabetes among males. Future cohort studies are needed to verify this association in females and to address possible implication in the prevention of diabetes.
Role of Homobrassinolide and Salicylic Acid on the Vegetative Growth of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea., L) Plants Subjected to Cadmium Stress
Authors: Vasudev J. , Vardhini B. Vidya
Published: April 2022

The present study was carried out to study the role of homobrassinolide (HomoBL) and salicylic acid (SA) on vegetative growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea., L.) wherein field experiments were conducted with foliar spraying of 2µM and 3µM HomoBL  and 1mM and 2mM SA on 20th, 30th, 45th and 60th DAS (Days after sowing). Observations on vegetative parameters like root and shoot length, root and shoot fresh weights, root and shoot dry weights, foliage showed that application of HomoBL and SA were capable of successfully mitigating cadmium stress (100 µM) as well as enhancing the vegetative growth of groundnut.
Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) Culture: Main Pests of Economic Damage
Authors: Santos Sousa Maiara Dos , Pluta Renata Adelaide , De Almeida Karlene Fernandes , Boes Sackser Guilherme Augusto , Kiahara Larissa Hiromi , André Adam Fernando , De Carvalho Joseantonio Ribeiro , De Sousa Renan Lima
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The cupuaçu tree (Theobroma grandiflorum) is one of the most important native fruit trees in the Amazon region, standing out as an economic alternative for small and medium producers.

Aims: The objective of this work is to make a brief literature review about the main pests that act in the cupuaçu culture.

Literature Review: The cupuaçu fruit borer (Conotrachelus humeropictus) has been the worst pest of the crop. The larva of this insect develops inside the fruit and then goes to the ground, where the pupa period passes, and then the adults emerge. Farmers who are dedicated to the cultivation of cupuassu trees recognize the importance of new technologies that can help control pests as a way to avoid significant losses of crops. However, they usually face a lack of information or efficient control methods for the fruit borer.
The Possibility of Biogas Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Hemp and Manure– A perspective in Germany
Authors: Dölle Klaus , Kurzmann David E.
Published: April 2022

Replacement of fossil-based resources with renewable resources to offset the use for heating and electricity production are important for today’s social and economic growth and energy security. Anaerobic fermentation and the production of biogas generates an alternative, carbon-neutral, renewable fuel that easily can be generated from local, low-cost organic waste materials and used as replacement for fossil fuel based gaseous products.

The anaerobic digestion experiments ran for 240 hours at a temperature of 39°C ± 2°C for the duration of the experiment.

The combined biogas production of hemp residues and hemp stems showed that the average reduced volatile solids content for hemp residue 1 and 2 was 0.98 g with a combined biogas production of 231.31 ml/g. For the hemp stems 1 and 2 the average reduced volatile solids content was 4.06 g and the combined biogas production was 64.90 ml/g respectively. Cow manure showed average reduced volatile solids content of 0.76 g and a combined biogas production of 305.69 ml/g respectively. The biogas content without CO2 was 62% for the manure samples, 55% for the hemp stems, and 57% for the hemp residues.

The application of co-digestion utilizing cow manure and hemp-based waste material, as feedstock could be an option, helping to increase energy security, biological diversity, and sustainability.
A Review on Antiurolithiatic (Pashanabeda) Effects of Herbal and Marine Resources
Authors: Nageswari T. , Swathi K.
Published: April 2022

Urolithiasis (urinary calculi) is stone development in bladder, urinary tract and kidney. The rise in frequency and occurrence of kidney stones is talking point all over the world. 12% of the global population suffer from urinary stone formation. The phenomenon effect of urolithiasis is lowered by using the pashanabeda elements. Pashanabeda (Pashan: stone; bheda: to break) is a Sanskrit locution which implies the breakage of stone. The adverse reactions caused due to man made drugs has prompted to rejoin with the natural safe medication. The evolution of plant-based therapeutics has shown terrific notice and demand as an modernistic drug entities all over the sphere. The present review aims the investigators to easily identify and develop plant and marine resources beneficial in management of urolithiasis.