bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lisfranc fracture-dislocation treated with a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy nail angle fixator: A retrospective case study
Authors: Bu Pengfei , Ma Xinyu , Li Chuan , Qi Baochuang , Pu Luqiao , Xu Yongqing
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:To investigate the clinical efficacy of a nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) memory alloy nail angle fixator in the treatment of Lisfranc fracture-dislocation.
METHODS: A retrospective case study was carried out to analyze the clinical data of seven patients (4 male; 3 female) aged 23–60 years [(44 ± 12.5) years] with Lisfranc fracture-dislocation admitted to the 920 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force between November 2018 and April 2022. All injuries were fresh and closed and there were 3 cases observed in the left foot and 4 in the right foot. The Myerson classification of the fractures showed: 1 case of type A, 2 cases of type B1, 3 cases of type B2, and 1 case of type C1. Open reduction and internal fixation were performed using a Ni-Ti shape memory alloy nail angle fixator. The affected feet were observed for complications and fracture-dislocation healing. Foot function was assessed using the Visual Analogue Score for pain (VAS) and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Midfoot Scale.
RESULTS: Patients were followed-up for 9–48 months, with a mean follow-up period of 18.9 months. One Myerson A patient had a broken Lisfranc screw that was used to remove the internal fixation, however, the broken part was not removed. There were no other abnormalities in the remaining patients. Radiography indicated normal longitudinal arch morphology and good anatomical alignment of the foot joints in all seven patients. At the final follow-up, VAS scores ranged from 0–3 with a mean of 1.7, and AOFAS scores ranged from 85–97 with a mean of 90.6. There were 5 cases of excellent healing and 2 cases of good healing, with a satisfactory rating of 100%.
CONCLUSION: The procedure of using a Ni-Ti shape memory alloy nail angle fixator to treat Lisfranc fracture-dislocation is relatively simple with good fixation of the fracture-dislocation, satisfactory postoperative functional recovery of the foot, effective pain relief, and few surgical complications, thereby offering a novel option for clinical treatment.
Impact of Climate Change on Rainfall Patterns in the Yeh Embang Watershed
Authors: Eryani I Gusti Agung Putu , Jayantari Made Widya , Amir Amnorzahira
Published: August 2023

Climate change directly impacts rainfall trends in many parts of the world. This research aimed to analyze the impact of climate change on rainfall patterns in the Yeh Embang watershed by examining the changes in rainfall patterns in the Yeh Embang watershed. This analysis can be used as a guide when determining how to manage water resources sustainably in the watershed. Changes in rainfall patterns are analyzed, and the relationship with climate change is seen after they are classified into three periods. According to the analysis, it can be seen that climate change occurred from 2005–2009 to 2010–2014 and from 2010–2014 to 2015–2019. In the last five years, there has been an increase in rainfall, temperature, and wind speed. With increased rainfall, temperature, and wind speed, there is a potential for increased hydrological hazards, such as flooding during the rainy season and drought during the dry season.
Stimulation of porous anode catalyst layer by ultrasound
Authors: Yoon Young June
Published: August 2023

The anode catalyst layer is a porous material transporting protons (H+) through and collecting electrons (e−). Here, we propose an ultrasound-based novel technique. Introducing ultrasound waves in a porous electron transport and thereby facilitates the efficiency of proton transport.
Singular disposition of the posterior cross vein in a wing venation network
Authors: Sugiyama Kazuki , Kubota Yoshihiro , Mochizuki Osamu
Published: August 2023

We investigated the network topology of the wing veins of fruit flies and observed that the posterior cross vein disrupted the symmetry of the entire network. The purpose of this vein has remained unknown, notwithstanding prior study of its development and its positional variety among different species. We examined the vein's effect on hydration dynamics in the wing membrane and on the internal blood flow of the venous system, applying computational removal or repositioning of the vein rather than physical manipulation. We determined the balance of flow velocities between the water supply from the veins to the wing membrane and the evaporation from the membrane. The position of the posterior cross vein maximises the ratio of the supply flow velocity to the evaporative velocity in the adjacent membrane, with supply occurring more than seventy times faster than evaporation. We found that this vein’s position minimises the pressure loss accompanying blood flow through the vein, using iterative calculations to derive the flow distribution that satisfies pressure balances at bifurcations in the venous network. This particular vein's location exhibited the greatest reduction in pressure loss throughout the entire vein network. Our results highlight the topological adjustments in wing venation that influence circulation.
The comparison of flow rate calibration methods for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pump
Authors: Uthaiwat Prangtip , Leeudomwong Theera , Sanponpute Tassanai
Published: August 2023

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pump has a main function to deliver a mobile phase which need accuracy and stable flow rate. Recently, three flow rate calibration methods are used to test the HPLC pump performance such as using standard flow meter, gravimetric method, and volumetric method. These calibration methods have not been clearly described. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and compare the flow rate calibration by the using of standard flow meter, gravimetric method, and volumetric method. The flow rate was calibrated at 0.5 and 5 mL/min with 3 replications. The stability between day of each method was observed for 3 days. The calibration procedure, traceability chart, and uncertainty budget of each method had been described. The flow rate results were analyzed by using the En ratio. The results showed that the stability of all methods had no statistically significant difference between day when compared to the first day of itself. The measurement flow rates by the using standard flow meter, gravimetric method, and volumetric method at 0.5 mL/min were 0.5062, 0.4992, and 0.5012 mL/min, respectively and at 5 mL/min were 4.9172, 4.8272, and 4.8394 mL/min, respectively. These flow rates showed consistent results between each other as confirmed with the En ratio ≤ 1. The precision of the three methods was 0.01–0.08%RSD. This study concluded that the flow rate results of three calibration methods had consistent with each other. All methods had a good stability and precision for the flow rate calibration of the HPLC pump.
Schrödinger-Maxwell equations driven by mixed local-nonlocal operators
Authors: Cangiotti Nicolò , Caponi Maicol , Maione Alberto , Vitillaro Enzo
Published: August 2023

In this paper we prove existence of solutions to Schrödinger-Maxwell type systems involving mixed local-nonlocal operators. Two different models are considered: classical Schrödinger-Maxwell equations and Schrödinger-Maxwell equations with a coercive potential, and the main novelty is that the nonlocal part of the operator is allowed to be nonpositive definite according to a real parameter. We then provide a range of parameter values to ensure the existence of solitary standing waves, obtained as Mountain Pass critical points for the associated energy functionals.
METTL3 mediated m6A methylation of HIF-1 α promoted progression in glioma
Authors: Wang Jubo , Ren Pengyu , Quan Yu , Jian Lv
Published: August 2023

Background
Glioma was a malignant tumor of the central nervous system. m6A methylation and HIF-1α were related to the occurrence and development of gliomas. However, the co-mechanism of m6A methylation and HIF-1α in glioma is unclear.
Objective
This aim was to determine the m6A methylation of HIF-1α in glioma.
Methods
Elisa and dot blot were used to detect m6A level. The changes of related genes, biological pathways and gene ontology were analyzed by bioinformatics. METTL3 and HIF-1α were knockdown by sh-RNA, and the mRNA and protein level were detected by qPCR and western blot. In addition, the m6A RNA methylation sites were predicted and verified by m6A-RIP-MMP-6 analysis༎
Results
We found that compared with paracancerous, the mRNA and protein levels of m6A were dramatically increased in glioma. The biological different were found in glioma and paracancerous. Moreover, glioma had highly mRNA and protein level of HIF-1α. METTL3 and HIF- 1α knockdown can significantly decrease the growth of glioma cells. Furthermore, we confirmed the m6A RNA methylation site in HIF-1α. Finally, we found that METTL3 regulated the m6A level and RNA stability of HIF-1α.
Conclusion
Our finding demonstrated that the co-mechanism of m6A methylation of HIF-1α and METTL3 in glioma, and may be helpful in the treatment of glioma.
Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Based Steel Surface Defect Detection under Different Lighting Conditions
Authors: AKIN ERHAN , AYDIN Ahmet , AYDIN İlhan
Published: August 2023

The automatic inspection and detection of defects on flat steel surfaces is important for product manufacturers as well as for users of these products. Since industrial products are used in various fields such as transportation, energy production, food production, the inspection of these products is a difficult problem today. Traditional methods such as image processing or machine learning used to provide inspections give successful results in detecting sufficiently illuminated, strong contrast or obvious defects. In this study, flat steel surface defects, which is an industrial product, are discussed. The aim of the study is to test the robustness of deep learning methods under different illumination conditions and to determine their response. For this purpose, four popular YOLO object detection methods are used. Because of the different illuminations applied on the data set, the changes in the defect detection algorithms have been observed and the results are shared. Experimental results clearly demonstrate the effect of lighting on model success. In addition, the proposed approach presents an improvement in terms of both detection rate and frame rate compared to studies in the literature.
Holocene peopling and sea-level changes along the northern coast of the Arabian Sea (Pakistan)
Authors: Biagi Paolo
Published: August 2023

Surveys carried out in the provinces of Las Bela and Lower Sindh (Pakistan) have led to the discovery of many sites with knapped stone artefacts associated with mangrove and sea shells. The most important group has been discovered along the ancient shores of Lake Siranda (Balochistan) and on the terraces that rise from the Indus Plain in Lower Sindh. Fifty-five radiocarbon dates from the Siranda Lake sites have shown that the lagoon was settled between the last two centuries of the 8th and the end of the 5th millennium uncal BP. This chronology finds confirmation in Lower Sindh. Since the beginning of the Holocene, the coastal zone has been affected by dramatic events among which are sea-level rise, tectonic activity, and the advance of the Indus Delta. The present landscape began to shape around the end of the Bronze Age, when arid climatic conditions established and the Indus Civilisation declined.
About the Onset of the Hopf Bifurcation for Convective Flows in Horizontal Annuli
Authors: Passerini Arianna , Sette Galileo
Published: August 2023

Experimental and numerical results can not yet settle whether, between horizontal coaxial cylinders, if the curvature is large, the first transition for convection is an exchange of stability or rather an Hopf bifurcation. We directly show that if the curvature tends to infinity, no periodic linear perturbation exists when the Rayleigh number is equal to the critical one for non-linear stability.
Evaluating food quality of Arthrospira platensis for culturing Daphnia magna
Authors: Mezgebu Amare , Liu Xin , Mingist Minwyelet , Ban Syuhei
Published: August 2023

Arthrospira is a filamentous cyanobacterium, rich in proteins and bioactive compounds, which is dietary supplement for human and animals. However, the contribution of this “superfood” on the life history traits of zooplankton is poorly addressed. We conducted Daphnia magna growth experiment using Arthrospira platensis comparing it with Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as quality food, to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of A. platensis for rearing daphnids. The trichomes of A. platensis was fragmented using a bead crusher for easier ingestion by the daphnids. The growth experiments revealed that A. platensis alone did not support both survival and growth of D. magna, but the daphnid survival increased after the addition of 20% C. reinhardtii. When A. platensis was supplemented with 50% and more of C. reinhardtii, however, growth was better than to those daphnids exclusively fed on C. reinhardtii. This suggests that A. platensis have some nutritional limitations essential for daphnids survival and growth instead of less digestibility or toxicity. Carbon (C) to Phosphorus (P) ratio (C:P = 46) of A. platensis was far below the threshold for daphnid growth (C:P = 116). This implies that P limitation is unlikely in A. platensis as feed for daphnids. Although the lack of some essential biochemicals such as sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids may be a more plausible explanation, a small addition of A. platensis to standard microalgal foods would result in better growth of zooplankton, including daphnids.
Integration and deconvolution methodology deciphering prognosis-related signatures in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yi Ming , Shi Jiaying , Tan Xiaolan , Zhang Xinyue , Tao Dachang , Yang Yuan , Liu Yunqiang
Published: August 2023

Purpose
To develop a machine learning classifier using 16 prognosis-related genes (PRGs) to stratify lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients according to their risk score. Validate the model's performance, interpretability and generalizability. Investigate the role of PRGs in LUAD prognosis through single-cell and bulk transcriptome analysis.
Methods
We constructed a machine learning classifier based on 16 PRGs to categorize LUAD patients by risk score. We combined the risk score with clinicopathological factors to predict overall survival. We assembled a single-cell atlas of LUAD comprising over 50,000 cells to identify cell types linked to prognosis and studied PRG expression in different cell types. We analyzed PRG involvement in tumor pathways and interactions using gene set variation analysis (GSVA).
Results
The machine learning classifier combining risk score and clinicopathological factors showed strong performance in predicting overall survival. The single-cell atlas revealed that epithelial cells were primarily associated with prognosis. PRGs were predominantly expressed in malignant epithelial cells and influenced epithelial cell growth and progression, especially in tumor states. PRGs were involved in tumor pathways like epithelial-mesenchymal transition, hypoxia and KRAS_UP. High PRG GSVA scores correlated with worse outcomes in LUAD patients.
Conclusions
The model provides a valuable tool for clinicians to personalize LUAD treatment based on risk stratification. The study elucidated the biological basis of PRG signatures in LUAD through integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptome analysis, contributing to a better understanding of LUAD prognosis and guiding targeted therapy development.
NADPH oxidase 5 is a novel gene for type 2 diabetes susceptibility determined by gene-body mass index and gene-environment interactions
Authors: Azarova Iuliia , Klyosova Elena , Azarova Valentina , Polonikov Alexey
Published: August 2023

Due to the role that oxidative stress plays in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D), polymorphic genes that encode enzymes producing reactive oxygen species represent attractive targets for genetic disease susceptibility testing. This pilot study investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the NOX5 gene (NADPH oxidase 5) are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. A total of 1579 T2D patients and 1627 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were recruited for this study. Genotyping of five common SNPs, namely rs35672233, rs3743093, rs2036343, rs311886, and rs438866, was performed using the MassArray-4 system. SNP rs35672233 of the NOX5 gene was strongly associated with an increased risk of T2D (P < 0.0001). The haplotype rs35672233T-rs3743093G-rs2036343A-rs311886C-rs438866C of NOX5 was associated with T2D susceptibility (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.27–2.13, FDR = 0.001). Joint effects on disease risk were found for the seven NOX5 diplotypes (FDR < 0.05). However, the impact of the rs35672233 polymorphism on diabetes risk occurred only in subjects with a body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2 (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.28–2.25, FDR = 0.006). Furthermore, synergistic effects on T2D risk were observed between the rs35672233 polymorphism and environmental risk factors such as chronic psycho-emotional stress (P = 0.015), physical inactivity (P = 0.0002), and a high-calorie diet (P = 0.019), suggesting that gene-environment interactions play a key role in the disease development. The results of the study show, for the first time, that NOX5 gene polymorphisms are unique susceptibility markers for type 2 diabetes and that their effects on disease risk are influenced by recognized environmental risk factors for diabetes.
Bibliometric analysis of global research trends on regulatory T cells in neurological diseases
Authors: Gao Qian , Li Xinmin , Li Yan , Long Junzi , Pan Mengyang , Wang Jing , Yang Fangjie , Zhang Yasu
Published: August 2023

This bibliometric study aimed to summarize and visualize the current research status, emerging trends and research hotspots of regulatory T (Treg) cells in neurological diseases. Relevant documents were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Tableau Public, VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were applied to perform bibliometric analysis and network visualization. A total of 2739 documents were included, and research on Treg cells in neurological diseases is still in a prolific period. The documents included in the research were sourced from 85 countries/regions, with the majority of them originating from the United States, and 2811 organizations, with a significant proportion of them coming from Harvard Medical School. Despite being the most prolific author in this research area, Gendelman HE had relatively few collaborations with researchers from other organizations. Considering the number of documents and citations, impact factors and JCR partitions, Frontiers in Immunology was the most popular journal in this research area. Keywords “multiple sclerosis”, “inflammation”, “regulatory T cells”, “neuroinflammation”, “autoimmunity”, “cytokines” and “immunomodulation” were identified as high frequency keywords. Additionally, “gut microbiota” has recently emerged as a new topic of interest. The study of Treg cells in neurological diseases continues to be a hot topic. Immunomodulation, gut microbiota, and cytokines represent the current research hotspots and frontiers in this field. Treg cell-based immunomodulatory approaches have shown immense potential in the treatment of neurological diseases. Modifying gut microbiota or regulating cytokines to boost the numbers and functions of Treg cells represents a promising therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases.
Prognostic analysis of disulfidptosis-based ferroptosis-related genes in gastric cancer
Authors: Shen Xiaohui , Huang Zeyi , Jin Chenxue , Yang Changqing
Published: August 2023

Purpose Gastric cancer is one of the highly prevalent malignant tumours of the digestive tract in China and is highly lethal. Several studies have confirmed that Ferroptosis is closely related to the development of gastric cancer. disulfidptosis is a new type of cell death, which is a rapid death mode caused by disulfide stress induced by excessive cystine accumulation in the cell. Currently there are fewer studies on the discovery of disulfidptosis-related genes and their role in cancer development, and this study was used to explore the prognostic analysis of gastric cancer based on the disulfidptosis-related Ferroptosis genes.
Methods The mRNA expression profiles of gastric cancer patients and corresponding clinical information were downloaded from the TCGA public database. Ferroptosis, disulfidptosis related gene ensembles were obtained from FerrDb database and published literature search. Differential expression analysis of genes was done on gastric cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues using the R package to screen out the disulfidptosis-related Ferroptosis-based genes with prognostic value. A prognostic model was constructed using LASSO Cox regression analysis, and the RiskScore of the corresponding genes was calculated, and the patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups according to the median value of the RiskScore. The predictive ability of the prognostic model for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival was assessed by ROC curves. Multifactorial independent prognostic analysis was used to analyse the correlation between genes in the predictive model and clinicopathological features. The degree of immune infiltration of DEGs in gastric cancer tissues was analysed by Timer database.
Results In the TCGA cohort, disulfidptosis-related Ferroptosis genes were differentially expressed between tumours and adjacent normal tissues. In this study, we constructed relevant prognostic models, including DUSP1, TSC22D3, AKR1C2, HNF4A, HELLS, SLC1A5, and BID, and divided the patients into two populations, high and low risk, according to the score of risk, and the overall survival rate of the high-risk group was significantly lower compared with that of the low-risk group (p < 0.001). In multifactorial Cox regression analysis, the risk score could be used as an independent prognostic factor (p < 0.05). The results of immune infiltration analysis showed that the expression level of each DEGs was significantly correlated with the level of immune cell infiltration in gastric cancer (p<0.05).
Conclusion In this study, the disulfidptosis-related Ferroptosis gene prognostic model was constructed and identified as an independent prognostic factor, which provides a reference for the treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer patients.
Investigation of the Assessment Scales Applied to Adolescents With Psychiatric Disease by Using Smokeless Tobacco by Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Altun Hatice , Altun Sinan , Arslan Semiha Cömertoğlu
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Adolescence is a fragile period in which all people live. This period can be more difficult for some people. In this difficult and fragile period, young people can suffer permanent psychological damage due to reasons such as social and family environment. One of these bad habits is smokeless tobacco. Unfortunately, the age of use may decrease worldwide due to reasons such as easy access and it can easily become addictive in adolescence, which is the sensitive period of human beings.
Materials and Methods
In our study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the use of smokeless tobacco and the use of machine learning methods in adolescents with psychiatric diagnoses. Various graded scale questions applied to adolescents were investigated with Embedded feature selection methods. Embedded methods; It can perform detailed feature selection calculations with three different calculations: Lasso, Gini and Permutation. Logistic Regression (LR) and Random Forest (RF) classification methods of selected features are used to select the most relevant features.
Results
Classification accuracy up to 0.98 (Lasso + LR = 0.98, Gini + RF = 0.95, Permutation + RF = 0.93) was calculated according to the selected features.
Conclusion
According to the results obtained from these classification methods, there is a goal of reaching the ideal by providing feedback. In our study, especially Lasso and Gini feature selections chose test questions related to smokeless tobacco use at a high rate. The permutation method also chose these test questions, but Lasso and Gini made relatively more choices.
Variation Type Characterization of Product Hardy Spaces
Authors: ANGELONI Laura , Liflyand Elijah , VINTI Gianluca
Published: August 2023

In the multidimensional Euclidean space, except the classical real Hardy space, there are numerous product ones. We associate with each of them a class of functions related to the known variations and new ones. Such a characterization is fulfilled by means of the inte-grability of the Fourier transform.
Serological and Molecular Detection of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus infecting Almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb) causing bud failure disease in North Western Himalyan region
Authors: Negi Gulshan , Handa Anil
Published: August 2023

Almond ( Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb) known as ‘‘Badam” or King of Nuts is a species of tree native to the Mediterranean region. Almonds are prone to a large number of viruses and among these Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) is economically the most important virus prevalent in almond orchards posing threat to their commercial production. Symptoms of PNRSV develop as diffused chlorotic rings or spots which later forms necrotic ‘‘shot holes’’ in leaves or rugosity and typical mosaic accompanied by reduced leaf size. Studies were conducted to ascertain the role of serological indexing in early detection of PNRSV. Alkaline phosphatase based DAS-ELISA was performed on leaf samples drawn from selected symptomatic plants in almond orchards and results based on O.D. values confirmed the presence of PNRSV in almond. RT- PCR was specifically used to characterize PNRSV isolated from leaves of infected almond trees.
Effects of surface runoff from agricultural soils on the succession of microconsumer organisms in a lotic mesocosm.
Authors: Zaplara Virginia Soledad , Solarí Lía Cristina , Gabellone Néstor Adrián , Benitez Hernán Hugo
Published: August 2023

We analyzed the succession of soil organisms and nutrient dynamics under lotic conditions. We simulated typical runoff and erosion conditions in the laboratory using lotic mesocosms. We then analyzed the effects of soil waterlogging under dissimilar times of flooding on environmental variables, water nutrients, the concentration of chlorophyll "a", and the succession of consumer organisms in two systems (one with plankton, the other with artificial substrates). The soil samples used were collected from a sector of the Salado-River middle basin with agricultural use and a middle topography. The environmental variables that varied the most greatly were the temperature and conductivity, both increasing throughout the flooding time; whereas the turbidity attained a maximum value at the beginning, but decreased thereafter. The soluble reactive phosphorus remained at a low concentration throughout the experiment, but the nitrates plus nitrites increased over time. The chlorophyll "a" in the water passed through maximum values at the beginning, but in the presence of artificial substrates the concentration increased with progressive flooding. Of the taxa assessed, 24 were recorded in the plankton system with 18 and 14 detected in Zones I and II, respectively, of the artificial-substrate systems. The groups of organisms registered in both systems were ciliates, amoebas, rotifers, and nematodes with a dominance mainly by the ciliates. In both systems (plankton and substrates), the specific diversity was low and the succession of the communities limited. The exposure of the soil to surface-runoff erosion along with the effects of current velocity, turbulence, and turbidity determined the nutrient dynamics plus the emergence and succession of organisms.
WITHDRAWN: Ontario Lung Cancer Screening Pilot Results – Modern Lung Cancer Screening Performance in a Universal Health Care Setting
Authors: Tammemagi Carl , Darling Gail , Schmidt Heidi , Walker Meghan , Langer Deanna , Leung Yvonne , Nguyen Kathy , Miller Beth , Llovet Diego , Evans William , Buchanan Daniel , Espino-Hernandez Gabriela , Aslam Usman , Sheppard Amanda , Lofters Aisha , McInnis Micheal , Dobranowski Julian , Habbous Steven , Finley Christian , Luettschwager Marianne , Cameron Erin , Bravo Caroline , Banaszewska Anna , Creighton-Taylor Katherin , Fernandes Brenda , Gao Julia , Lee Alex , Lee Van , Pylypenko Bogdan , Yu Monica , Svara Erin , Kaushal Shivali , MacNiven Lynda , McGarry Caitlin , Mora Lauren Della , Koen Liz , Moffatt Jessica , Rey Michelle , Yurcan Marta , Bourne Laurie , Bromfield Gillian , Coulson Melissa , Truscott Rebecca , Rabeneck Linda
Published: August 2023

Globally, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. The U.S. National Lung Screening Trial and Dutch-Belgium NELSON trial demonstrated that low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening (LCS) of high-risk individuals can reduce lung cancer mortality by ≥20%. LCS has been approved by major guidelines in the U.S. with over 4,000 different sites offering screening. Adoption of LCS outside of the U.S. has been slow. The Ontario LCS Pilot successfully recruited and enrolled 7768 individuals at high risk for lung cancer between June 1, 2017, and May 31, 2019. 4451 Pilot participants were successfully screened, retained, and provided with high quality follow-up including appropriate treatment as needed. The Pilot lung cancer detection rate and proportion of early-stage disease were high at 2.4% and 79.2%, respectively, and serious harms were low. The Ontario LCS Pilot provides insights into how a modern organized lung screening program can be implemented in a large, diverse, populous geographic area within a universal health care system.
Bayesian Modelling Applied to Evaluate Road Cargo Transport Risks
Authors: Teles Helbert Barbosa , librantz André Felipe Henriques , Neto Geraldo Cardoso de Oliveira , Kinjo Erika Midori , Andrade Winston Aparecido , Santos Fábio Cosme Rodrigues dos
Published: August 2023

In recent years, applying quantitative risk analysis in Road cargo transport (RCT) has yielded successful results in assessing risks associated with industrial industries. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of different modes of transportation (such as roads, rails, pipelines, and inland waterways)for hazardous materials, emphasizing their role in determining risk levels. Among these modes, road transport via trucks stands out as a crucial component for economic development and is commonly employed for transporting various types of cargo. To effectively evaluate the risk level of a given activity within RCT, it is essential to determine the severity index for each potential situation that may arise during the transportation process. In this context, this research aims to investigate and calculate the risks associated with RCT by employing Bayesian Networks. Computational models were implemented using Bayesian Network software, and data input was carried out using Microsoft Excel®spreadsheets. The methodology employed for this study entailed field research with the involvement of experts and academic sources, along with the utilization of a systematic literature review. Additionally, the Delphi technique was applied, followed by a survey. The results pointed that the proposed model could effectively aid in identifying the level of risk involved in RCT operations across different scenarios. Furthermore, this model enables managers to evaluate the probability of one or more risk factors occurring during operations, facilitating the implementation of more efficient mitigation measures.
Validity of maternal recall for estimating vaccination coverage in children aged 12 to 23 months in the health district of Podor in 2020 (Senegal)
Authors: Bassoum Oumar , Ba Mouhamadou Faly , Sow Adama , Anne Malick , Sougou Ndeye Marème , Mbengué Babacar , Leye Mamadou Makhtar Mbacké , Faye Adama , Seck Ibrahima , Dieye Alioune
Published: August 2023

Methods
The study was cross-sectional. Mothers of children aged 12 to 23 months represented the study population. Cluster sampling was carried out. Bacillus Calmette- Guerin vaccine (BCG), hepatitis B vaccine birth dose (HepB-BD), third dose of oral polio vaccine (OPV3), third dose of diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, hepatitis B and haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Penta3) and first dose of measles-rubella vaccine (MR1) were used to assess the validity of maternal recall compared to HBR or HFR. Sensitivity, specificity, concordance, and Cohen's kappa and prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted Kappa (PABAK) were estimated. Logistic regression revealed the determinants of recall bias.
Results
A total of 832 mothers were interviewed. Concordance ranged from 79–83.8%; the recall bias from 16.2–21%, the sensitivity from 80.6–86.7%, the specificity from 54–74.5%, the Kappa coefficient from 24.8 to 37.6 and the PABAK from 58 to 67.6. Concerning the vaccination status for BCG (OR = 2.38; p-value = 0.034), HepB-BD (OR = 2.2; p-value = 0.031) and Penta3 (OR = 2.93; p-value = 0.017), recall bias occurred more frequently in rural areas. The vaccination status of male children for HepB-BD (OR = 0.64; p-value = 0.034) was less subject to recall bias. In addition, the lack of prenatal and postnatal education on childhood vaccination was found to be a determinant of recall bias regarding vaccination status for BCG (OR = 2.94; p-value = 0.007) and Penta3 (OR = 1.96; p-value = 0.046), respectively.
Conclusion
Recall bias is relatively high for all vaccines. Maternal recall would be less valid than HBR or HFR. Further studies would be needed to confirm or refute these results.
Phase transition study of Al-Si Co-deposited martensitic steel
Authors: Anwer Zubia , Riaz Muhammad , Bhatti Muhammad , Bhatti Jahanzeb , Shaikh Sajida
Published: August 2023

The oxidation performance at elevated temperatures for Al-Si coated Martensitic Stainless Steel AISI 410 was investigated. The pack aluminizing at 1050°C for 3 h was employed for the co-deposition of Al and Si onto the alloy. The microstructural performance and material’s response towards oxidation and corrosion behavior along with phase transition at 1100°C with various exposure periods have been observed. In particular, the Al2O3, Al2SiO5, Fe2SiO4, Cr2SiO4, etc. are the protective oxides, resulting from oxidation, decreasing the DoS. The Al2O3 and Al2SiO5 are observed as responsible for protective oxide phases. The highest mass gain was obtained during the period of 16 h to 20 h due to the formation of protective oxides. The increment in the degree of spallation has been observed for the oxidation period of 12h to 16 h. The hot corrosion resistance of the bared and the coated sample was observed in a salt-based environment and found satisfactory results for Al-Si coated alloy for a 12 h to 24 h exposure period.
Bone destruction of orbital wall: does it always imply malignancy?
Authors: Guo Qihan , Yang Bentao , Liu Rui , Wang Nan , Xu Liangyuan , Zhang Xuan , Ma Jianmin
Published: August 2023

This study reviewed the clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of six patients (seven eyes) with idiopathic orbital inflammatory pseudotumor with bone destruction. CT and/or MRI showed that the medial wall was the most common site of orbital wall destruction (four of the seven eyes). All patients underwent surgery and were treated with postoperative methylprednisolone. Prognosis was assumed poor as this condition features by a wide range of anatomical involvement. The study suggests that complete surgical resection may lead to a favorable prognosis, as half of the patients reported no recurrence and a total relief of symptoms. We proposed a new classification of bone destruction for this condition based on imaging studies, which is usually perceived as malignant lesions. Histopathological examination for the definitive diagnosis of this condition is crucial.
Distribution and evolution of plasmodial infection in Madagascar according to incidence per 100,000 inhabitants
Authors: Randriananahirana Zina Antonio , Raherinandrasana Antso Hasina , Ratovondramamy Davy Alain , Ramotalambo Tantely Jenny , Aivotiana Andrianavony Ny , Rafamatanantsoa Jean Florent , Raobela Omega , Ravaoarisoa Lantonirina , Andrianasolo Radonirina Lazasoa , Rakotonirina Julio
Published: August 2023

Background
Malaria is still a public health problem in Madagascar. The infection remains difficult to eliminate. The objective of this study is to establish the spatio-temporal distribution of malaria in Madagascar by considering the incidence profile.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study that identifies the temporal-spatial evolution of malaria. The study period extends from 2019 to 2021. The analysis of the trend of malaria is analyzed through the evolution of the incidence and the spatial distribution using a thematic cartography.
Results
The present study revealed that the trend of malaria infection increased from 2019 to 2021. Spatially, malaria infection still experiences a heterogeneous distribution according to the epidemiological facies. The study was also able to highlight the importance of reliable data for disease surveillance. Control strategies must prioritize the entire pediatric age group for prevention and treatment but not only those under 5 years of age.
Conclusion
the fight against malaria must take into account the seasonality of the infection and the distribution of resource necessary for the fight against malaria must consider the heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of the infection.
YAP activation and Hippo signaling suppression by PKC eta promote triple-negative breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Belsamma Liju Vijayasteltar , Muraleedharan Amitha , Jayaram Divya Ram , Waidha Kamran , Jagadeeshan Sankar , Sinay Rose , Eremenko Ekaterina , Berner Omer , Elkabets Moshe , Livneh Etta
Published: August 2023

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, with metastasis being the primary reason for mortality. Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) show an increased risk of metastatic dissemination. Protein kinase C eta (PKCη), an anti-apoptotic kinase of the novel PKC subfamily, is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Here, we demonstrate that PKCη promotes metastasis in TNBC cells and show that this is mediated by the PKCƞ-YAP signaling axis. Knockout of PKCη (PKCηKO) in the TNBC cells, 4T1 and MDA-MB-231, markedly inhibited their invasion and migration capability. Furthermore, orthotopic xenografts of the latter PKCηKO cells in NSG mice reduced tumor growth and lung metastasis compared to PKCη-intact tumors. Mechanistically, we show that PKCη regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as knockout of PKCη in TNBC cell lines increased expression of the EMT markers E-cadherin, EpCAM, and slug, and decreased expression of vimentin, ZEB1. Further profiling of the Hippo-YAP axis showed that PKCη is a negative regulator of the Hippo pathway that leads to YAP stabilization and its phosphorylation at Ser128, which allows YAP to translocate to the nucleus and contribute to metastasis of TNBC cells. We further show that PKCη directly interacts with YAP in silico and TNBC cells. Lastly, we demonstrate that treatment of TNBC cells with uPEP2, a recently discovered PKCη kinase inhibitory peptide (encoded by a uORF upstream of PKCη coding sequence), activates the Hippo pathway and YAP degradation. In summary, our results highlight the impact of PKCη in TNBC metastasis and offer a novel avenue for therapeutic intervention in this aggressive and fatal disease.
Badminton Hawk-Eye Challenge: A Lightweight Badminton Detection Network Based on Feature Pyramid
Authors: Jin Hua , Qiang Zhiheng , Yan Jingrui , Zhang Xing , Wang Changda
Published: August 2023

The utilization of Hawk-eye technology is a reliable method to ensure the fairness and precise while playing. However, due to the high hardware cost such an application in amateur badminton matches is nearly impossible. To address this problem, this study proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on the feature pyramid structure for badminton place’s detection. The model incorporates the improved MobileNetV3 structure with the CBAM mixed attention mechanism, the improved CSP structure designed to reduce redundant computation, and reach low memory access through redundant feature information. Its objective is that we aim to develop a lightweight model. Furthermore, we have incorporated the NWD loss function and frame difference to improve the accuracy of the model. Morphological processing is then employed to divide the outline of the badminton with the boundary line of the field and determine whether it is out of bounds. The model is experimentally evaluated on the badminton dataset created by us. The results indicate that the precise reaches 82.8$\%$, and the map0.5 reaches 76.8$\%$ of the compared YOLOv5 algorithm. Furthermore, the GFLOPs and parameter quantity of the proposed model are reduced to 34.9$\%$ and 50.46$\%$ of the compared YOLOv5 algorithm. Based on which we designed a challenge system for amateur badminton enthusiasts. Our lightweight Hawk-Eye challenge system has much lower hardware costs than the existing Hawk-Eye Challenge system, and is flexible in hardware deployment.
Alteration of apparent diffusion coefficient measurements predict survival outcomes during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Wada Yuma , Nishi Masaaki , Yoshikawa Kozo , Tokunaga Takuya , Nakao Toshihiro , Kashihara Hideya , Takasu Chie , Yoshimoto Toshiaki , Shimada Mitsuo
Published: August 2023

Background
Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) followed by surgery is recommended for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). However, because 30–40% of patients with LARC do not respond to nCRT, better prediction of treatment responses and survival outcomes is required. Therefore, we aimed to identify apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values that predict survival outcomes after nCRT in patients with LARC.
Methods
We analyzed 66 patients with LARC who underwent nCRT and evaluated ADC values of pre- and post-nCRT. We performed Cox proportional hazard regression analyses for survival outcomes.
Results
There were no significant differences in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between low and high ADC values of pre-nCRT. However, patients classified as low ADC in post-nCRT had a significantly worse prognosis in OS and DFS (OS: P = 0.01; DFS: P < 0.01) than patients classified as high ADC. Moreover, an alteration in ADC values between pre- and post-nCRT was associated with poor OS (univariate: hazard ratio [HR] = 4.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.58–12.97, P < 0.01; multivariate: HR = 6.38, 95% CI = 1.48–27.56, P = 0.01). Finally, we identified ADC values that were significantly superior for predicting tumor regression grade with remarkable diagnostic accuracy (post-nCRT: area under the curve [AUC] = 0.79; alteration-nCRT: AUC = 0.85).
Conclusions
We identified the clinical importance of alteration of ADC values to predict the survival outcomes in patients with LARC. These results highlight the clinical importance of ADC values on improving the treatment strategies of patients.
Effects of bio-fermented feed on growth, digestion, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal structure of juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)
Authors: 周 泽湘 , Fang Liu , Zhao Xueru , Shu Jiu , Liu Yulin , Ruan Guoliang , Wang Qian , Lin Fawen , Liu Haijun
Published: August 2023

To investigate the feeding effect of fermented feed, juvenile yellow catfish (1.23±0.54) g were fed with hard pellet feed and biological fermented feed in an indoor recirculating water system for 8 weeks. The study analyzed the effects of fermented diets on the growth performance, digestion, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal structure of yellow catfish. The results showed that: the fermented diet significantly increasedthe WGR, SGR, and VSI, but had no significant effect on the HSI. The fermented diet significantly increased the activities of Try, Lip, and AMS in the intestinal tract of yellow catfish. The fermented diet significantly increased the activities of ACP, AKP, CAT, and SOD in the serum of yellow catfish and significantly decreased the content of MDA in the serum. The fermented diet significantly increased the width and height of the intestinal villus and the thickness of the intestinal wall in the midgut of yellow catfish.The results indicate that fermented feed could effectively improve the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, and immune and antioxidant capacity, and improve the intestinal tissue structure of yellow catfish. This provides a theoretical basis for the production of microbial fermented feed.
M2 macrophage-derived exosomal long noncoding RNA Myt1l promotes lung metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells via the miR-135/Slug axis
Authors: wang Bin , Dang Shengchun
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in exosomes are important mediators of communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment. Previous studies have found that M2 macrophages promote the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer (PC) cells through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aim of this study was to elucidate how M2 macrophage-derived exosomal lncRNAs promote lung metastasis of PC cells and provide new targets for future diagnosis and treatment of PC.
Methods
After verifying the promotion effect of M0 and M2 type macrophage exosomes on migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell line AsPC-1 by in vitro cellular experiments, we searched for the most significantly differentially expressed lncRNAs, predicted target genes, and detected the content of EMT-related proteins. Next, animal experimental models further examined the promotional effects of different levels of lncRNA and target genes on lung metastasis of AsPC-1 cells.
Results
Exosomes from M2 macrophages contain high levels of Myt1l, which acts as an endogenous sponge for miR-135 increasing the level of snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (Slug) in PC cells. The Myt1l-miR-135-Slug axis promotes metastasis of AsPC-1 cells to the lungs by increasing the expression of the EMT-associated protein vimentin.
Conclusions
Our studies identify a new mechanism by which Myt1l-miR-135-Slug regulates PC progression, supporting the possibility that PC patients may benefit from Myt1l as a new biomarker or therapeutic target.