bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanoformulated Myristic Acid for Antimicrobial Applications
Authors: Rehmana Mubashar , Arshad Adeel , Madni Muhammad Asadullah
Published: July 2021

Free fatty acids possess antimicrobial properties in the natural defense system of many eukaryotes. In this study, we synthesized nanoformulations of myristic acid for antimicrobial activity. The myristic acid nanoformulations (MN) were unstable due to crystallization. This problem was overcome by the addition of the liquid fatty acids and by using two surfactants of hydrophilic and lipophilic nature. MN exhibited a small size (100 nm), and their physical form was affected by the amount of the liquid fatty acid. MN with myristic acid and liquid fatty acid in 1:1 formed solid NLC and 2:3 formed liquid nanoemulsions. In antimicrobial studies, MN was effective against the Gram- positive bacteria, i.e. Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtillis, and the Gram-negative bacteria, i.e. Pseudomonas eruginosa and Salmonella typhi. MN8 (Myristic acid and oleic acid in 2:3) showed the highest antimicrobial activity and should be explored as potential antimicrobial agents against more strains of microorganisms.
Characterization and Evaluation of Capsules and Study of QC tests for Capsules
Authors: Pervaiz Fahad , Zahra Sana Ali , Qaiser Fariah , Fatima Syeda Komal , Khan Rabbia Mazhar
Published: July 2021

Using the capsule as a dosage form dates back to the early pharmacy days; from those days, the capsule preparation process is greatly evolved in order to meet the current needs of patients and the pharmaceutical industry. Currently, all pharmaceutical industries are making a dynamic change in the specifications of particular dosage forms such as capsules. It has become more difficult to obtain the higher valued drug product from the dosage form, along with the potential for improved delivery that can improve clinical outcomes. In addition, the capsules have played a significant role in drug development because of the hand filling or the production of semiautomatic capsular formulations, which have fewer requirements, and can be developed easily. The article will discuss different tests like Universal tests and specific tests, particularly for capsules, performed prior to the release of the batch to ensure efficacy and safety.
Evaluation of Prescribing Pattern in Mirpur Azad Kashmir using who Prescribing Indicators
Authors: Qaiser Aimen , Kiani Zahra Hassan , Abid Farina , Pervaiz Tania , Iqbal Zafar
Published: July 2021

Promotion of rational use of drugs in developing countries is necessary for improving the quality of life. Therefore, evaluation of drug use pattern using World Health Organization (WHO) indicators is necessary for assessment of rational use of drugs. 200 prescriptions were randomly collected from different pharmacies in Mirpur and evaluated to measure prescribing indicators. Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 25). Average count of drugs prescribed per prescription was 3.8 (S.D+ 2.01). Percentage of antibiotics prescribed, and injections prescribed per prescription was 42% (n=84) and 16% (n=32) respectively. The percentage of drugs prescribed from Essential Drugs List was 90.5%. It was concluded that prescribing pattern was far away from the standard WHO requirements. Greater number of drugs and overuse of antibiotics focused on close monitoring and regulation of prescribing pattern. Steps should be taken to encourage the rational use of drugs to improve the quality of life.
On the Application of the Radio Mobile Software for Calculating the Coverage Zones of Transmitters Broadcasting in the VHF Range.
Authors: Kovalgin Y.
Published: July 2021

This work considers the application of the Radio Mobile software for calculating the coverage zones of analogue FM- and digital DRM-transmitters. The requirements for the initial input data, enabling the reliable results, are demonstrated. It is shown that equality of the coverage zones of both transmitter types is determined by the proper ratio of the transmitter’s signal levels.
Theoretical Foundations Development of Space Adaptive Video Information Systems Synthesis
Authors: Bobrovskiy A.
Published: July 2021

The main provisions and principles of the synthesis of adaptive video information systems designed for recording and analyzing images of dynamic scenes at the stages of long-range detection of artificial space objects, ballistic and controlled approach to them in the middle and near zone of cooperation are considered. Based on the principle of dominant information, it is shown that the basis for the development of methods and algorithms for processing video information in on-board surveillance systems is the joint adaptive processing of video information in photo-detector matrices and in digital processors in order to maximize the quality of information issued to the consumer by suppressing background and noise information by adaptive hysteresis control of the frame frequency, frame resolution and signal accumulation time in the photodetector matrix, as well as the use of parametric neural network detectors-classifiers.
Justification and selection of design parameters of the eccentric gear mechanism of the piston lubrication and filling unit for the mining machines maintenance
Authors: Ivanov Sergei , Safronchuk Kristina , Olt Yuri
Published: July 2021

Piston pumps are widely used in the lubrication systems of mining machines. When carrying out technical maintenance (MOT), including lubrication and filling works, at the site of operation of mining machines due to the remoteness from repair shops and warehouses of fuels and lubricants (FAL), mobile repair shops (MRS), maintenance units (MU) and mechanized filling units (MFU) are used. The specificity of carrying out maintenance is to create conditions for the supply of oils, working fluids and lubricants to the corresponding systems of mining machines for their refueling. Existing piston pumps and pumping units, as a rule, are single-flow, and the piston is driven by a crank mechanism driven from the engine through a worm gear. The emergence of unique, hydraulic, low-mobility mining machines in open pit mining required a significant increase in the power of the MU and MFU oil pumping units, primarily for greases. However, the traditional design of the drive design of a crank-type piston pump unit at a power of over 80 kW does not allow achieving the specified operating time, it is accompanied by intensive wear of the drive elements and increased dynamics during operation. In addition, it is necessary to apply various designs of pumping units for the supply of liquid and grease lubricants. Thus, it is necessary to develop new circuit solutions for pumping units of the crank type, to improve mobile refueling facilities with a modernized design of the pump unit drive of the mobile lubrication and filling station MRS.
Improving the efficiency of relay protection at a mining and processing plant
Authors: Klyuev Roman , Bosikov Igor , Gavrina Oksana
Published: July 2021

The paper presents the results of constructing effective relay protection in the power supply system of a mining and processing plant (MPP). A brief description of the MPP is given, the power supply and substitution circuits used to calculate the short-circuit currents are given. A statistical analysis of failures in the electric network of the MPP has been carried out, which makes it possible to draw conclusions about the nature of failures ranges. Analysis of the registered faults shows that a significant part of them are line-to-earth faults, which in most cases turn into multiphase short circuits, which are interrupted by overcurrent protection. In order to improve the efficiency and reliability of the relay protection, the power supply scheme of the MPP was refined and analyzed. The calculation of the short-circuit currents was made, which made it possible to calculate the settings of the relay protection and give recommendations on the place of its installation and adjustment in order to ensure the normal operation of electricity consumers. To reduce the number of failures to the cable insert on the line leaving the administrative and household complex (AHC), and to increase the reliability of power supply to consumers, it is advisable to divide the capacities of the existing 10 kV line into two parallel ones by laying a second line. It is recommended to install a current cut-off on the line outgoing to the AHC, the feasibility of the installation of which was shown by calculations. This will reduce the chance of failures to the cable gland. Data on the setting currents of overcurrent protection and current cut-off are given on the selectivity card.
Regularities of changing the dimensions of the main bore of the cylinder of TMZ-450D diesel engine during the technological process
Authors: Yamnikov Alexander , Safarova Lyudmila
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the problems arising during the mechanical and thermal treatment of the TMZ-450D diesel engine cylinder, which is the base part of the engines of small-sized generators and compressors, which are widely used for mobile units in the oil and gas and mining industries. It was found that the metal in the casting has a non-uniform structure, the density of which ranges from 6.75 to 7.25 g/cm3. Redistribution of dislocations and residual stresses in the casting leads to significant changes in the size and shape of the main bore. In addition to the successive changes in size specified by the technology due to the removal of the designated allowance, the dimensions and shape change arbitrarily, uncontrollably in the course of the technological process. It is shown that artificial aging by a thermal method does not provide the desired dimensional stability; therefore, it is proposed to supplement it with natural aging after rough boring for six months. It was revealed that the use of morally and physically outdated equipment makes it necessary to increase the number of finishing operations of honing and, accordingly, to increase the labor intensity of cylinder manufacturing. The use of a two-position boring machine is substantiated, on which the transitions of semi-finishing and fine boring are combined. This completely eliminates the copying of errors that arose when changing the base on previous operations. The use of a two-position modular boring machine ARS-4/Ts of increased accuracy and rigidity significantly increases the accuracy of the bore hole, which makes it possible to reduce the number of honing operations. A variant of the technological process of mechanical and heat treatment is proposed, including natural aging, the use of double boring on a modular boring machine, which will reduce the number of honing operations to one, including rough and finish transitions.
Formation conditions of noble metal mineralization in sulfide cobalt-copper-nickel ores of Kamchatka (on the example of Annabergitovaya Schel ore occurrence)
Authors: Novakov Roman , Kungurova Valentina , Moskaleva Svetlana
Published: July 2021

The authors present research results, the purpose of which is to study the specifics of noble metal mineralization and its genesis in sulfide cobalt-copper-nickel ores of the Kamchatka nickel-bearing province. The paper is dedicated to one of its many ore occurrences called Annabergitovaya Schel (Annabergite Gap). The material composition of platinoid, silver, gold, bismuth and tellurium minerals, as well as sulfarsenides in the ores of this occurrence was investigated. Based on the data of mineral formation sequence and the use of geosensors, conclusions were drawn regarding the genesis of noble metal mineralization.

Formation of platinoid minerals, silver and gold at the Annabergitovaya Schel ore occurrence is mainly associated with the epigenetic effect of post-ore granitoids on ore-bearing intrusion rocks of the Dukuk complex of the cortlandite-norite formation and on syngenetic ores. An early association of noble metal minerals is represented by sperrylite, irarsite, and rare unnamed phases of Pt + Ir + Te. Irarsite and Pt + Ir + Te phases were formed at the contact-metasomatic stage. Sperrylite can be assumed to be of magmatic origin. Silver sulfides and tellurides, silver and palladium bismuth tellurides, and native gold were formed at the late, hydrothermal-metasomatic, stage. The occurrence conditions of mineral parageneses, associated with noble metal mineralization, correspond to the formation of shallow-depth metasomatic rocks (5 km). Sub-developed quartz-feldspar metasomatites, associated with the formation of early platinoid arsenides and sulfarsenides, are in equilibrium with circumneutral solutions (pH of 4.5-6.5) at temperatures of 350-600 °C. Late hydrothermal association with Pd, Ag and Au minerals is close to propylites and was formed at pH values of 4.5-6.5 and temperature of 150-350 °C.
Unusual metasomatites (phyolithites) in the Kolvitskiy gabbro-anorthosite rock mass: composition and structural position
Authors: Terekhov Evgenii , Makeev Aleksandr , Baluev Aleksandr , Konilov Aleksandr , Van Konstantin
Published: July 2021

Complex mineralogical, geochemical, and geological-structural characteristics of a rare collection stone of violet color, phyolithite, in the southwestern part of the Kola Peninsula. This is a metasomatic rock formed under the conditions of brittle deformations on gabbro-anorthosites of the Paleoproterozoic Kolvitskiy rock mass. As a result of potassium metasomatosis, the plagioclase of the initial rocks was replaced by a fine-grained mica aggregate of muscovite-phengite composition with inclusions of Va-aluminoseladonite (up to 20-30 microns). Ba-aluminoseladonite contains 6.6-10.5 % by weight of BaO. Manganese is the only chromophore that accumulates in the rock during metasomatosis. It is manganese that provides the purple-violet color of pseudomorphs of mica according to anorthite. The phyolithites is depleted by REE and has a positive Eu-anomaly. The phyolithites are confined to the areas of fracturing of the north-eastern strike, located in the zone of dynamic influence of the north-western closure of the Onega-Kandalaksha rift of the Riphean age. Other formations (injection conglomerates and lamproites) are also associated with the formation of this structure, which owe their origin to an intense fluid flow.
Dolichospermum lemmermannii (Nostocales) bloom in world s deepest Lake Baikal (East Siberia): abundance, toxicity and factors influencing growth
Authors: Bondarenko N.A. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Tomberg I.V. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Shirokaya A.A. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Belykh O.I. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Tikhonova I.V. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Fedorova G.A. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia,   Russian State University of Justice, Ivana Franko Str., 23a, Irkutsk, 664074, Russia, Netsvetaeva O.G. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Eletskaya E.V. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Timoshkin O.A. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Mass development of the cyanobacteria Dolichospermum (D. lemmermannii as the dominant species) was reported in the coastal zone of Bol shye Koty Bay (western coast of the southern basin), towards the end of July to the beginning of August in 2019. Blooms were observed as 1 1.5-m wide bands adjoining the shoreline and stretched uninterrupted over 2 km. Abundance of cyanobacteria in blooms varied within 7.2 71.9 thousand cell mL-1, with 0.73 7.20 g m-3 biomass attained. Maximal concentration was observed opposite the biological station of Irkutsk State University, a frequently visited place that was hosting participants of several conferences at that time. Hydrochemical analysis of samples collected four days after continuous heavy rains showed much higher concentrations of nutrients in contrast with the data obtained a week before (24 July), which is normal for that season. Nutrient concentrations were elevated relative to long term averages by 3 to 30 fold: with phosphate concentrations up to 0.200 mg L-1, ammonium ions 0.29 mg L-1, and nitrates 0.31 mg L-1. Possible reasons for the harmful freshwater cyanobacterial bloom that is unusual for this part of the lake are discussed. Excessive proliferation of common cyanobacteria D. lemmermannii in the open lake areas was affected by several factors: long-lasting heavy rains, zero wind, high air (from 13 15 at night to 29 in daytime) and water temperatures (from 15 to 19.2 ); and absence of isolated septic tanks in the nearshore zone.
Adjusting the Drafter for COVID19: Re-designing our society’s understanding of misinformation
Authors: Agarwal Ajay
Published: July 2021

The pandemic of COVID19 illuminated the presence of our society’s cognition in a low-ceiling, inhabitable room, with almost little to none illumination of truth. Such a low-ceiling doesn’t only restrict the freedom of our cognition but also inhibits its healthy growth. Subsequently, our society feels a pushing sense, which is often exaggerated by the dark periods of misinformation, disinformation, and fake news. Hence, it becomes essential to rethink the interior designs of our cognition – How can we look at these periods of misinformation from a different lens? Can we use them to our advantage to make our room looks spacious enough for the growth of our cognition? Despite the limitations imposed to the ceiling length by our existing cognitive biases, there exist multiple, unconventional interdisciplinary approaches from the fields of epistemology, phenomenology, evolutionary psychology, and finally, the mathematics that we, as researchers, can leverage to broaden our understanding about the existing “misinfodemic” that presents as a ripple effect of COVID19 on our society’s cognition. The aim of this paper shall be the same – to present a noble discourse regarding the “dark period of misinformation” – why misinformation is NOT a pandemic but a widely-used misnomer, how the source of truthful information acts a source of misinformation, why misinformation is needed for the development of a better cognitive heuristic framework for our society, and finally, why such unconventional approaches fail to see the light of research. While the existing approaches to deal with misinformation spiral around machine-learning models competing with each other for better detection accuracy, this paper will take the reader right to the epicenter of “misinfodemic” using a variety of routes. Towards the end, the author provides how the mentioned approaches not only widen our understanding regarding the universal phenomenon of misinformation but also can be leveraged and scaled for irrational human behaviors like suicide, partisanship, and even student gun violence in the USA.
Nomograma de predicción para la estratificación del riesgo en pacientes con COVID-19
Authors: Herrera Carlos , Lage Dávila Agustín , Betancourt Cervantes Julio , Barreto Fiu Eligio , Sánchez Valdés Lizet , Crombet Ramos Tania
Published: July 2021

La COVID-19 puede progresar a formas severas de la enfermedad con una elevada mortalidad, por lo que ha sido necesario identificar factores predictivos que permitan estratificar el riesgo en los enfermos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo analítico en una cohorte de 150 pacientes del hospital Manuel Fajardo de Villa Clara, Cuba, en el periodo de marzo a junio de 2020. Con la información obtenida se construyó un índice pronóstico de severidad mediante un modelo de regresión logística binaria multivariada, en el que se expresó la probabilidad de que el paciente evolucionara hacia la severidad en función del conjunto de variables que fueron identificadas como predictoras del evento de salud de interés. Para el resumen de los datos y la aplicación de las pruebas de hipótesis se utilizó el software R versión 4.0.2. Con los resultados finales se elaboró un índice pronostico a través de una ecuación matemática en la cual se sustenta el modelo. Para facilitar su interpretación se construyó el nomograma de predicción, que constituyó la salida principal de este estudio. Las variables con mayor poder predictivo, que definitivamente quedaron en el modelo y con las cuales se construyó el nomograma fueron: edad (p=0.049), hipertensión arterial (p=0.013), índice neutrófilos/linfocitos (p=0.004), deshidrogenasa láctica (p=0.039) y saturación arterial de oxígeno (p=0.044). El resultado del estadígrafo del test de Hosmer-Lemeshow fue p= 0.976 y la capacidad discriminatoria dada por el área bajo la curva ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve) fue igual a 0.988 (AUC: 0.9882, 95% CI: 0.9756-1). El punto de corte óptimo fue 0. 099.Se concluye que nuestro nomograma constituye un instrumento de gran utilidad para identificar precozmente los pacientes con riesgo de progresar a formas severas de COVID-19. De esta manera, facilita una mejor estratificación y adecuación de tratamientos oportunos, capaces de frenar la progresión de la enfermedad.
Warm Climate Production Guidelines for Japanese Hydrangeas
Authors: Shoellhorn Rick , Richardson Alexis A.
Published: July 2021

Lace cap hydrangeas can be a great way for Florida growers to produce something that defines their niche as specialty growers and offers a high profit plant for spring and holiday sales. This document is ENH910, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date February 5, 2005.
Cultural Guidelines for Commercial Production of Interiorscape Hedera
Authors: Chen Jianjun , McConnell Dennis B. , Everitt Kelly C.
Published: July 2021

This article is intended to describe common species and cultivars grown in the foliage plant industry, provide guidelines for their culture and interior use, and list physiological problems that may be encountered during production and interiorscape use. It is suggested that the potential invasiveness of this species be noted at the retail level and that buyers be advised to only use this plant where it cannot become a nuisance. This document is ENH 990, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date November 4, 2004. Revised May, 2005. 

ENH990/EP243: Cultural Guidelines for Commercial Production of Interiorscape Hedera (ufl.edu)
A Primer on Exporting to Argentina
Authors: Storz Christina D. , Taylor Timothy G. , Fairchild Gary F.
Published: July 2021

Every year the U.S. Department of State publishes extensive Country Commercial Guides for a large number of countries. These guides provide a great deal of information useful to individuals interested in developing export markets either through direct exports or direct foreign investment. This paper provides an abridged version of the Country Commercial Guide for Argentina as well as supplemental information of direct relevance to agribusiness firms. It is hoped that the information contained in this report provides a useful starting point for individuals interested in exploring export or investment opportunities in Argentina. This is EDIS document FE500, a publication of the Department of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Published February 2005.
A Primer on Exporting to Costa Rica
Authors: Storz Christina D. , Taylor Timothy G. , Fairchild Gary F.
Published: July 2021

Every year the U.S. Department of State publishes extensive Country Commercial Guides for a large number of countries. These guides provide a great deal of information useful to individuals interested in developing export markets either through direct exports or through direct foreign investment. This paper provides an abridged version of the Country Commercial Guide for Costa Rica as well as supplemental information of direct relevance to agribusiness firms. It is hoped that the information contained in this report provides a useful starting point for individuals interested in exploring export or investment opportunities in Costa Rica. This is EDIS document FE509, a publication of the Department of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Published February 2005.
A Primer on Exporting to Guatemala
Authors: Storz Christina D. , Taylor Timothy G. , Fairchild Gary F.
Published: July 2021

Every year the U.S. Department of State publishes extensive Country Commercial Guides for a large number of countries. These guides provide a great deal of information useful to individuals interested in developing export markets either through direct exports or through direct foreign investment. This paper provides an abridged version of the Country Commercial Guide for Guatemala as well as supplemental information of direct relevance to agribusiness firms. It is hoped that the information contained in this report provides a useful starting point for individuals interested in exploring export or investment opportunities in Guatemala. This is EDIS document FE513, a publication of the Department of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Published February 2005.
Economic Impacts of the Forest Industry in Florida, 2003
Authors: Hodges Alan W. , Mulkey W. David , Alavalapati Janaki R. , Carter Douglas R. , Kiker Clyde F.
Published: July 2021

Final Report to the Florida Forestry Association. Revised January 7, 2005. Press release 4/14/2005.
What Trucking Deregulation Did for Florida's Produce and Ornamentals
Authors: Beilock Richard
Published: July 2021

From the late 1970s through the mid-1980s, economic regulation of interstate trucking was phased out in the United States. Prior to that time, trucking firms had to seek federal permission to haul many types of cargoes and there were restrictions on the rates that could be charged (note: in practice, rate restrictions prevented carriers from lowering their charges more often than the reverse). Deregulation of airlines occurred about the same time. Whenever a flight is delayed or a meal is either absent or not up to expectations, everyone loves to blame it on deregulation, rightly or wrongly. The same is true for trucking deregulation. This report will examine an important positive effect of deregulation on motor carriers and the Florida produce and ornamentals industries. This is EDIS document, FE544, a publication of the Department of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published March 2005.
Issues at the Rural-Urban Fringe: Florida State Laws Related to Land Use
Authors: Clouser Rodney L. , Olexa Michael T.
Published: July 2021

EDIS fact sheet FE549 (Issues at the Rural-Urban Fringe: Land Use Conflicts), addressed three broad categories of conflicts: noise, odor, and related issues; infrastructure concerns; and property rights and wealth distribution issues. This fact sheet is a companion commentary that specifically reviews state laws passed in Florida directly or indirectly related to land use on the rural urban fringe. This is EDIS document FE550, a publication of the Department of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. This document is one of a series entitled "Issues at the Rural Urban Fringe". Published May 2005.
Issues at the Rural-Urban Fringe: Methods to Sustain Agricultural Land -- Use-Value Assessment
Authors: Clouser Rodney L.
Published: July 2021

This fact sheet is one in a series intended to familiarize readers with land use issues at the rural-urban fringe. The next several fact sheets specifically address techniques used in various states, including Florida, to encourage the long-term stability of land in agricultural production. Many states use more than one technique in an attempt to prevent land from converting from agricultural to non-agricultural use. Future fact sheets will explicitly address techniques of Agricultural Zoning, Agricultural Districts, Fee Simple Purchase and Purchase of Development Rights, Transfer of Development Rights, Clustering of Development, and Conservation Easements. This is EDIS document FE553, a publication of the Department of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. This document is one of a series entitled "Issues at the Rural Urban Fringe". Published July 2005.
2021 Handbook of Florida Water Regulation: Protection and Management of Endangered Species
Authors: Olexa Michael T. , Borisova Tatiana , Caracciolo Jana
Published: July 2021

This handbook is designed to provide a summary of the principal federal and state (Florida) laws that directly or indirectly relate to agriculture. Because these laws are subject to constant revision, portions of the handbook could become outdated at any time. The reader should use it as a means to determine areas in which to seek more information and as a brief directory of agencies that can help answer more specific questions.
2021 Handbook of Florida Water Regulation: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission
Authors: Olexa Michael T. , Borisova Tatiana , Caracciolo Jana
Published: July 2021

This handbook is designed to provide a summary of the principal federal and state (Florida) laws that directly or indirectly relate to agriculture. Because these laws are subject to constant revision, portions of the handbook could become outdated at any time. The reader should use it as a means to determine areas in which to seek more information and as a brief directory of agencies that can help answer more specific questions.
2021 Handbook of Florida Water Regulation: Florida Right-to-Farm Act
Authors: Olexa Michael T. , Borisova Tatiana , Caracciolo Jana
Published: July 2021

This handbook is designed to provide a summary of the principal federal and state (Florida) laws that directly or indirectly relate to agriculture. Because these laws are subject to constant revision, portions of the handbook could become outdated at any time. The reader should use it as a means to determine areas in which to seek more information and as a brief directory of agencies that can help answer more specific questions.
2021 Handbook of Florida Water Regulation: Florida Watershed Restoration Act
Authors: Olexa Michael T. , Borisova Tatiana , Caracciolo Jana
Published: July 2021

This handbook is designed to provide a summary of the principal federal and state (Florida) laws that directly or indirectly relate to agriculture. Because these laws are subject to constant revision, portions of the handbook could become outdated at any time. The reader should use it as a means to determine areas in which to seek more information and as a brief directory of agencies that can help answer more specific questions.
Guidance for Processing Beef Jerky in Retail Operations
Authors: Schneider Keith R. , Garrido Victor , Otwell W. Steve , Mobley Ray
Published: July 2021

This recommended guidance is for specialty meat products processed at retail, for display and distribution at retail. This document is FSHN05-02, one of a series of the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611. Published: February 2005. 

FSHN0502/FS110: Guidance for Processing Beef Jerky in Retail Operations (ufl.edu)
Guidance for Processing Smoked Seafood in Retail Operations
Authors: Schneider Keith R. , Garrido Victor , Otwell W. Steve , Mobley Ray
Published: July 2021

This recommended guidance is for processing smoked seafood (hot or cold smoked) either as a whole item orin portions, and packaged for display in refrigerated cases for public sale. This document is FSHN05-03, one of a series of the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611. Published: February 2005. 

FSHN0503/FS111: Guidance for Processing Smoked Seafood in Retail Operations (ufl.edu)
IFAS Community Development: The Importance of Local Community Action in Shaping Development
Authors: Brennan Mark A.
Published: July 2021

This paper is part of a series of discussions on community development. This series will include specialized papers on civic engagement, community action, and other topics important to the development of community. This document is FCS 9209, of a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: March 2005.
Questions to Ask Before Agreeing to Surgery
Authors: Wilken Carolyn S.
Published: July 2021

All surgeries have risks and benefits. As the patient, you need to ask questions prior to surgery, especially elective surgery (an operation you choose to have performed). If your procedure is an emergency surgery, you will still want to get as many of these questions answered as possible. You can also inform your health care surrogate to be prepared to ask these questions for you. This document is FCS2235, one of a series of the Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date: June, 2005.

FCS2235/FY745: Questions to Ask Before Agreeing to Surgery (ufl.edu)
Shopping to Get the Most for your Money
Authors: Harrison Mary N.
Published: July 2021

People must make choices about food, clothing, and housing as well as non-essentials. Our wants are endless, but our resources are not! To become a competent consumer, you must develop skills to serve you in a complex marketplace. When buying goods and services, if you spend your money wisely you will receive satisfaction and value for the dollars you spend. To become a competent consumer, learn to shop effectively. This document is Fact Sheet FCS 5008, a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Revised: June 2005. First published: June 1982.
Choosing A Credit Card
Authors: Harrison Mary N.
Published: July 2021

It is smart to shop for a credit card as carefully as you shop for any major purchase. Perhaps you have received offers in the mail asking if you would like to open a credit card account. Frequently these offers say that you are or have been “pre-approved” and urge you to respond “before the offer expires.” How do you know which card offers you the best terms? This document is Fact Sheet FCS5038, one in a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. First published: March 1991. Revised: June 2005.
Shopping at Sales
Authors: Harrison Mary N.
Published: July 2021

Although there are many different kinds of sales, they all can be grouped into two general classifications: promotional and clearance. By recognizing the type of sale, a consumer is better able to anticipate the potential condition of merchandise and the amount of price reduction. This document is Fact Sheet FCS 5019, a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Revised: June 2005. First Published: April 1982.
Lettuce Cultivars for Insect Resistance in Southern Florida
Authors: Sandoya German , Lu Huangjun , Wright Alan L.
Published: July 2021

Lettuce is the most popular ingredient in salads and salad mixes consumed in the United States. Florida's subtropical climate facilitates lettuce production from fall through spring, but the warm and moist conditions are also favorable for insect proliferation and damage. Insect pests cause direct (feeding) and indirect (contamination) damages to the lettuce crop. This manuscript presents data on cultivars and breeding lines with tolerance to some of these pests. Minor Revision; 5 pp.
Nutritional Benefits of Lettuce Consumed at Recommended Portion Sizes
Authors: Murray Jesse J. , Basset Gilles , Sandoya German
Published: July 2021

This new 8-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department explains which nutrients are abundant among the major lettuce types compared to other leafy vegetables, encourages consumers to help satisfy dietary recommendations by eating lettuce at appropriate serving sizes, and outlines the basic growing conditions that help maximize its nutrition as a crop. Written by Jesse J. Murray, Gilles Basset, and German Sandoya.
Glow-Worms, Railroad-Worms (Insecta: Coleoptera: Phengodidae)
Authors: Branham Marc
Published: July 2021

The family Phengodidae are uncommonly encountered beetles that have bioluminescent females that appear to be larvaiform (or larger versions of the immature stage.) These adult females are able to produce light from paired photic organs located on each body segment (one glowing spot on each side) and sometimes also from luminous bands that extend across the dorsal surface of the body between each body segment. Females appear to be more commonly encountered than larvae. Because these glowing spots along the females body resemble the windows of train cars internally illuminated in the night, they are often referred to as "railroad-worms." Males of these species are not larviform, but instead resemble other beetles, though their first pair of wings (elytra) are less then half as long as their hind wings and the males of most species have very elaborate, feather-like antennae. These fancy antennae are used to detect and follow pheromones produced by the female. This document is EENY-332 , one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: December 2004. Revised: February 2005.

EENY332/IN609: Glow-Worms, Railroad-Worms (Insecta: Coleoptera: Phengodidae) (ufl.edu)
Acrobat Ant, Crematogaster ashmeadi Emery (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)
Authors: Saarinen Emily V.
Published: July 2021

The ant Crematogaster ashmeadi (Emery) is commonly known as an acrobat ant. There are perhaps 10 species of Crematogaster in Florida, and C. ashmeadi is commonly found throughout the state (Deyrup, personal communication). Members of this genus are referred to as acrobat ants because of the flexible way that a worker holds its abdomen (gaster) up over the rest of its body. This document is EENY-333 , one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: August 2004. 

EENY333/IN610: Acrobat Ant, Crematogaster ashmeadi Emery (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) (ufl.edu)
Ligustrum Weevil (suggested common name), Ochyromera ligustri Warner (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Tychiinae: Tychiini: Endaeina)
Authors: Cuda James P. , Zellar M. C. , Thomas Michael C.
Published: July 2021

A seed-attacking weevil was recently found attacking Chinese privet in Tallahassee, Leon County, Florida (Cuda and Zeller 1998). The insect was discovered in a sample of several hundred seeds collected for germination studies. Six weevil adults that emerged from the infested seed sample were later identified (by M.C. Thomas) as the ligustrum weevil, Ochyromera ligustri Warner. The remaining seed stock from Tallahassee was dissected and inspected for the presence of the insect. Weevil larvae were recovered from 89 of the 358 seeds examined. Overall, 24.9% of the Chinese privet seeds collected were infested with weevil larvae. Voucher specimens of the larval and adult stages of the ligustrum weevil were deposited in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Division of Plant Industry, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville. This document is EENY-343, one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: May 2005. 

EENY343/IN620: Ligustrum Weevil (suggested common name), Ochyromera ligustri Warner (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Tychiinae: Tychiini: Endaeina) (ufl.edu)
Human Malaria
Authors: Rutledge-Connelly C. Roxanne , Baker Richard H. , Morris C. D. , Nayar Jai K.
Published: July 2021

Malaria in humans is a disease transmitted by mosquitoes in the genus Anopheles and caused by any one of four species of microscopic protozoan parasites in the genus Plasmodium (P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale ) distributed throughout the world. Malaria was one of the major endemic diseases in the United States for more than four centuries (Russell, 1968). As recently as 1935, malaria caused 4,000 deaths every year in the United States. However, by the 1940s, the annual death toll had been reduced to 400, and by 1952 it was down to 25 with little or no local transmission. In the United States and elsewhere, malaria was eradicated by draining larval habitats, treating patients with antimalarial drugs, applying mosquito larvicides and adulticides, and screening doors and windows. This document is ENY-630, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: July 1990. Revised: July 1998 and May 2005.

ENY630/MG103: Human Malaria (ufl.edu)
The Savvy Survey #9: Gaining Institutional Review Board Approval for Surveys
Authors: Gariton Colleen E. , Israel Glenn D.
Published: July 2021

Getting IRB approval for your survey can seem like a daunting task to many people in academia and Extension. This new 4-page publication of the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural Education and Communication discusses what the IRB is, when and how to get IRB approval for a survey, getting informed consent, and where to get help for Extension professionals wanting to perform research or publish findings from surveys they have completed. Written by Colleen E. Gariton and Glenn D. Israel.
Enhancing the Effectiveness of a Professional Pest Management Program
Authors: Fishel Frederick M.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will optimize pest control in the home environment when working with a professional pest control operator. This document is PI-39, one of a series of the Pesticide Information Office, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date April 2005.

PI-39/PI076: Enhancing the Effectiveness of a Professional Pest Management Program (ufl.edu)
Secure Pesticide Storage: Security Against Terrorist Threats
Authors: Fishel Frederick M.
Published: July 2021

Many farmers and managers of pesticide storage facilities had concerns about biosecurity and agroterrorism even before the Oklahoma City bombing and the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on our nation. Businesses that manufacture, reformulate, sell, distribute, transport, store, or apply pesticides have long known the mitigation steps for safety of their workers, customers and communities. In todays age, these efforts may not necessarily be enough. This document is PI-42, one of a series of the Pesticide Information Office, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date May 2005.
Pesticide Toxicity Profile: Organophosphate Pesticides
Authors: Fishel Frederick M.
Published: July 2021

This document provides a general overview of human toxicity, provides a listing of laboratory animal and wildlife toxicities and a cross-reference of chemical, common, and trade names of many organophosphate pesticides registered for use in Florida. This document is PI-50, one of a series of the Pesticide Information Office, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date July 2005.
Anthracnose Fruit Rot of Strawberry
Authors: Mertely James C. , Peres Natalia A.
Published: July 2021

Anthracnose fruit rot, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum acutatum, is an important disease for strawberry production worldwide. Other species of Colletotrichum, such as C. fragarie and C. gloeosporioides, are less frequently involved in fruit rot. Although fruit rot is the most important symptom caused by C. acutatum, the fungus can also attack other parts of the plant including the crown, leaves, petioles, and roots. This is document PP-207, a publication of the Plant Pathology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: March 2005. 

PP-207/PP130: Anthracnose Fruit Rot of Strawberry (ufl.edu)
Citrus Diseases Exotic to Florida: Huanglongbing (Citrus Greening)
Authors: Chung Kuang-Ren , Briansky R. H.
Published: July 2021

Citrus is susceptible to a large number of diseases caused by plant pathogens. Economic losses due to plant diseases can be severe, but fortunately, not all pathogens attacking citrus are present in Florida. There are other serious, exotic pathogens that have not been introduced into Florida. This paper will discuss Huanglongbing (HLB), also commonly called citrus greening. This document is PP-210, one of a series of the Plant Pathology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date June 2005.
Best Management Practices in the Everglades Agricultural Area: Soil Testing
Authors: Daroub Samira H. , Diaz Orlando A. , Lang Timothy A. , Chen Ming
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this document is to outline the process of soil testing as an important tool for both fertilizer recommendations and as a BMP in this region. This EDIS article is one in a series which attempts to explain in easily understandable terms the implementation methods and rationale behind the main P load reducing BMPs employed on EAA farms. This document is Fact Sheet SL-225, one of a series of the Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date July 2005. 

SL-225/SS445: Best Management Practices in the Everglades Agricultural Area: Soil Testing (ufl.edu)