bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF QUADROCOPTER DESIGN AND SETTINGS ON QUALITY OF ITS WORK DURING MONITORING OF GROUND OBJECTS
Authors: Maidanyk Oleksandr , Meleshko Yelyzaveta , Shymko Serhii
Published: December 2021

The subject of the article is methods of reducing quadcopter magnetometer crosstalk by changing the design and settings of the copter to improve the quality of its work during the monitoring of ground objects. The relevance of the development is determined by the need to increase the physical safety of quadcopters when monitoring ground facilities in various industries because the magnetometer is the most noise-sensitive sensor, and its failure leads to the fall and loss of the drone. The purpose of the article is to determine the optimal design and settings of the quadcopter in terms of its physical safety and quality of work during monitoring of ground facilities in various industries. The research task is to check whether it is possible to protect the magnetometer placed inside the drone body from the power cables crosstalk by grounding, shielding and changing the initial settings of the copter, namely by changing the value of the startup power factor of the motors. Research methods are as follows: theory of automatic control, methods of optimal control and hardware design methods. Conclusions. The role of the drone magnetometer in the monitoring of ground objects has been studied. The study has shown that copters at monitoring ground objects must be equipped with a magnetometer and GPS. The magnetometer is the most sensitive to interference of all sensors. If it does not work properly, the entire drone navigation system stops working. We have carried out experimental studies of the influence of quadcopter design and settings on the quality of its magnetometer work, and hence on work of the copter as a whole. In this paper it is proposed to place a magnetometer inside the body of the drone that will increase its physical safety and simplify the design of the drone, but at the same time it will increase the coupling from the power cables of motors, so it is necessary to choose effective methods of protection. It has been tested whether it is possible to protect the magnetometer from interference from power cables when placing it inside the drone body by grounding, shielding and changing the initial settings of the copter, namely by changing the value of the startup power factor of the motors. The results of the experiments showed that to protect against the interference for magnetometer placed inside the drone body, it is necessary to combine shielding of the magnetometer and decreasing of the startup power factor of the motors.
Peculiarities of purpose in providing the information stability of surveillance radar sensing modes in the process of their radio electronic suppression
Authors: Kantsedal Valery , Mogyla Anatoly
Published: December 2021

It is possible to look at the special features of the goal setting while ensuring information stability of radar sounding modes when they are suppressed by the active interferences and interfering information influences. Overcoming the complexity of goal-setting processes, the validity and prompt decision-making with a shortage of time for its adoption is associated with insuring the consistency of goal-setting the levels of their intellectualization and formalization. This will contribute to imparting the desired properties, synthesized during the conflict, to the multipurpose strategies and the situational law of the control of the REP processes and the coordination of actions. An increase in the level of intellectualization of goal-setting processes is ensured by: decomposition of the general goal-setting problem into separate, simpler subtasks with effective solutions, implemented in the corresponding subsystems of the ACSstab (or basic associations of its functional elements) at stages of information support, preparation, adoption and implementation of the decision  at the stages of hierarchical levels of management; cognitive analysis of goals and reflexive synthesis of goal-setting processes using the capabilities of a specialized intelligent decision support system to enhance the creative-reflexive abilities of the subject of management and increase the level of his professional competencies; combining the universality of the stages of rational management of the synthesis of the strategy for managing the REP processes with the specifics of conflict situations, subjectivity, cognition and reflexivity nature of intellectual control. Methods and means of partial formalization of goal-setting processes are presented, when the structuring of the main goal is carried out taking into account belonging to the strategies of internal and external control of the REP, the decomposition of the two-sided dynamic model of the conflict between the systems of the RES complex and the radar, the hierarchy of management levels, various approaches applied to goal-setting in a crisis management, as well as methods of justifying goals, resource costs and control of achieving the goals. These features can significantly reduce the degree of subjectivity of management for goal-setting and achieve their validity, completeness, consistency.
SCARING INTEREST IN LEARNING CHEMISTRY BASED ON CAREER INTEREST THROUGH ECOLECTROCHEMISTRY: PRESENTING INCLUSIVE CHEMISTRY IN ONLINE CLASS
Authors: Zulfah Zulfah , Yodi Benny
Published: December 2021

The online learning of organic chemistry series chemistry in class XII MIPA Catholic SMA Santu Petrus Pontianak in the first three months of the odd semester showed a decrease in interest in learning chemistry. This study was conducted to find chemistry lessons that match the career interests of students, especially the study topics in the physical chemistry learning series (voltaic cells and electrolytic cells). On the topic of voltaic cells, group projects are carried out by choosing their own types of assignments according to the interests and learning styles of students with activities of making chemical songs, simple practicum, limited webinars and advertisements for voltaic cell products. On the topic of electrolysis cells, a group project was carried out with the concept of combining economics/business into electrochemistry, called ecolectrochemistry. The voltaic cell project assessment uses five parameters: the accuracy of the voltaic cell concept, the relevance of the voltaic cell concept to the concept raised, creativity, fulfillment of task requirements, and collaboration. The ecolectrochemistry project assesses problem-solving skills using the IDEALS model, presentation assessment and assessment of creative and disciplined attitudes. The active and enthusiastic involvement of students is better than in the organic chemistry series. There is an increase in interest in learning chemistry from 27.38% to 65.48% and there is an increase in the average learning outcomes of the physical chemistry learning series compared to the organic chemistry learning series. These results indicate that learning designed according to students'.
Analisis Komparasi Ketrampilan Inferensi Peserta Didik Ditinjau dari Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Solving dengan Pendekatan Saintifik pada Pembelajaran IPA
Authors: Rifqi Zahro  , Faninda Novika Pertiwi
Published: December 2021

Keterampilan inferensi adalah deduksi sementara dari suatu fenomena setelah proses pengumpulan data, dan kegiatan interpretasi data dari informasi yang dikumpulkan, keterampilan inferensi memiliki peran penting bagi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran serta dalam menghadapi fenomena kehidupan sehari-hari. Model pembelajaran masalah kemudian dipilih dengan pendekatan saintifik untuk membandingkan keterampilan peserta didik dengan kelas yang menggunakan model pembelajaran masalah dengan pendekatan saintifik pada kelas yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP ma 'arif 1 ponorogo tahun 2019/2020. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui tes tertulis. Kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dan statistik inferensial menggunakan tes yang sebelumnya telah diuji pada prasyarat. Berdasarkan uji t diperoleh nilai 3,028> dari t tabel sebesar 2,079 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan keterampilan inferensi siswa antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima serta terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas yang menggunakan metode pembelajaran problem solving dengan pendekatan saintifis pada kelas yang menggunakan model diseminasi konvensional.
Pengaruh Model Sains Teknologi Masyarakat dan Pendekatan ESD dalam Meningkatkan Kepedulian Lingkungan
Authors: Rahmah Atikah , Fadly Wirawan , Ekapti Rahmi Faradisya , Sayekti Titah , Faizah Ulinnuha Nur
Published: December 2021

Pembelajaran saat ini menuntut siswa untuk lebih aktif, tidak hanya melibatkan pengetahuan yang dibuku materi saja, tetapi membutuhkan pengetahuan luas dari permasalahan lingkungan. Sehingga, memiliki keterampilan untuk menyelesaikan masalah lingkungan agar mencapai kehidupan mendatang yang lebih baik  sehingga siswa perlu memiliki kepedulian lingkungan yang tinggi. Dengan demikian, diperlukan strategi model serta pendekatan dalam pembelajaran yang efektif untuk diterapkan adalah pembelajaran berbasis  sains teknologi masyarakat dan Science- Education. Karena pembelajaran IPA dan lingkungan saling berhubungan, sehingga penting dilakukan pendekatan dengan focus penelitian kepedulian lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni dapat mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran STM dengan pendekatan ESD dalam meningkatkan kepedulian lingkungan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian quasi eksperimen, dengan rancangan penelitian ekperimen randomize pretest posttest control grup desain, untuk teknik analisa data menggunakan uji normalitas dan uji Mann-Whitney serta uji N-gain. Hasil penelitian ini dengan uji normalitas shapiro-link sebesar 0,011<0,05 dan hasil rata rata nilai posttest kelas kontrol sebesar 44 dan rata- rata nilai post tes kelas eksperimen sebesar 69. Rata- rata nilai N-gain skor nilai post tes kelas yang menggunakan model pembelajaran STM sebesar  48,4 dengan kategori peningkatan sedang sedang, sedangkan kelas yang menggunakan metode konvensional mendapat rata- rata nilai uji  N-gain skor sebesar -4,48 dan berinterpretasi mengalami penurunan, hasil minus yang diperoleh ini disebabkan nilai pretest yang lebih besar dari nilai posttest dengan nilai signifikansi uji Mann-Whitney rata-rata nilai N-gain adalah 0,000<0,05. Sehingga, dinyatakan model pembelajaran STM dengan pendekatan ESD dapat meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Inquiry Berbasis Pendekatan Scientific Literacy Terhadap Kemampuan Berkomunikasi Siswa SMP
Authors: Wardani Riscka Ayu , Pertiwi Faninda Novika
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan model pembelajaran Inquiry berbasis pendekatan Scientific Literacy terhadap kemampuan berkomunikasi siswa kelas VII di MTs Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes uraian. Dengan data yang diperoleh adalah rata-rata nilai pre test dan post test kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Sumber datanya seluruh siswa kelas VII MTs Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo. Berdasarkan hasil uji t (independet sample t-test) hasil dari penghitungan SPPS menunjukan signifikan 0,016 diketahui jika 0,016 < 0,05. Dan hasil uji-t one tailed juga menunjukan bahwa P-Value sebesar 0,008 lebih kecil daripada 0,05 yang berarti bahwa rata-rata nilai kelas dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran inquiry berbasis pendekatan scientific literacy lebih efektif digunakan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berkomunikasi dibandingkan model pembelajaran inquiry tanpa pendekatan scientific literacy.
Efektivitas Model Learning Cycle 5E Berbasis Literasi Sains terhadap Kemampuan Bertanya Peserta Didik
Authors: Cahyani Anggy Ardiya , Pertiwi Faninda Novika , Rokmana Arinta Windiyanti , Muna Izza Aliyatul
Published: December 2021

Salah satu tantangan abad-21 yaitu menuntut individu mampu berfikir kritis. Untuk membiasakan berfikir kritis salah satunya adalah dengan bertanya. Kemampuan bertanya adalah suatu penyampaian hal-hal yang belum diketahui oleh seseorang dalam bentuk pertanyaan. Kemampuan bertanya mempunyai peran penting dalam kegiatan pembelajaran maupun dalam menghadapi masalah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Seseorang bertanya untuk dapat mengumpulkan informasi yang ingin diketahuinya dan penambah pengetahuan. Kemampuan bertanya peserta didik dapat ditingkatkan dengan merancang model pembelajaran yang mampu membangkitkan minat belajar dan meningkatkan rasa ingin tahu peserta didik. Model pembelajaran yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah Learning Cycle 5E berbasis Literasi Sains untuk kelas eksperimen dan model Learning Cycle 5E sebagai kelas kontrol yang digunakan sebagai pembanding. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMPN 1 Jetis tahun pelajaran 2020/2021.  Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui tes tertulis dan lembarb observasi untuk mengetahui keterlaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran dengan model Learning Cycle 5E berbasis Literasi Sains. Kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan uji statistic dengan uji-t yang sebelumnya telah dilakukan uji prasyarat. Berdasarkan hasil uji t diperoleh nilai P-Value sebesar 0,000 yang berarti kurang dari 0,05 maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima sehingga terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Learning Cycle 5E berbasis Literasi Sains terhadap kemampuan bertanya peserta didik.
Meta Analisis Latar Belakang Berbagai Strategi dan Media Pembelajaran IPA di SMP
Authors: Hasanah Dewi Nur , Anfa Qurrotul
Published: December 2021

Penelitian meta analisis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui latar belakang berbagai strategi pada pembelajaran IPA di SMP. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan meta analisis.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi.Sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling yang berkaitan dengan penelitian tentang latar belakang  berbagai strategi dan media pembelajaran IPA di SMP dengan  rincian sebagai berikut; 13 penelitian eksperimen, 3 penelitian survei,  2 penelitian deksriptif, 2 penelitian pengembangan, 2 penelitian literatur, dan  6 penelitian tindakan kelas. Enam penelitian tindakan kelas akan dijadikan sebagai sampel untuk mencari latar belakang  penerapan  berbagai strategi dan media pembelajaran IPA di SMP, sedangkan 10 penelitian lainnya ditambah dengan 6 penelitian tindakan kelas  yang ada digunakan sebagai bahan pendukung untuk memetakan latar belakang. Berdasarkan hasil kajian meta analisis diperoleh bahwa sebesar 29,41% berbagai strategi dan media pembelajan IPA di latarbelakangi oleh guru yang kurang memanfaatkan strategi pembelajaran. Selain itu juga terdapat 4 permasalahan yang melatar belakangi penelitian-penelitian terkait atau muncul antara lain umumnya siswa pasif, kurangnya pengembangan media pembelajaran yang menarik, Materi terlalu abstrak dan rendahnya motivasi belajar siswa.Jadi,dari hasil metaanalisis ini tterdapat berbagai latar belakang dalam menerapkan strategi dan media pembelajaran IPA di SMP antara lain guru kurang mampu memanfaatkan strategi pembelajaran,umumnya siswa pasif,kurangnya pengembangan media pembelajaran yang menarik, materi terlalu abstrak dan rendahnya motivasi belajar siswa.
Pengaruh Hormon Human Chorionic Gonadotropin dan Usia Ibu Hamil terhadap Emesis Gravidarum pada Kehamilan Trimester Pertama
Authors: Retnoningtyas Risma Dwi Sura , Dewi Ratna Kumala
Published: December 2021

Kehamilan merupakan suatu proses yang fisiologis dan alamiah yang dimulai dari ovulasi, konsepsi, nidasi, berkembangnya embrio dalam uterus hingga masa aterm umumnya pada trimester pertama  ditandai dengan gejala mual dan muntah (emesis gravidarum). Mual  dan muntah  disebabkan oleh peningkatan hormon Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) serta dipengaruhi oleh usia. Usia yang berisiko tinggi dalam kehamilan adalah kurang dari 20 tahun dan diatas 35 tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh hormon Human Chorionic Gonadhotropin (HCG) dan usia ibu hamil terhadap emesis gravidarum pada kehamilan trimester pertama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode tinjauan kepustakaan atau literature review. Sasaran pada penelitian ini yaitu ibu hamil trimester pertama dengan gejala emesis gravidarum. Emesis gravidarum adalah gejala yang biasanya terjadi ketika kehamilan trimester pertama. Emesis gravidarum dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan kadar HCG dan usia ibu hamil. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa hormon Human Chorionic Gonadhotropin (HCG) berpengaruh terhadap emesis gravidarum pada kehamilan trimester pertama. Usia ibu hamil berpengaruh terhadap kejadian emesis gravidarum pada kehamilan trimester pertama.
Responding with Equality: The case for combating extreme inequality to tackle crises, strengthen democracy and foster a fairer future in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Seery Emma
Published: December 2021

For decades, our flawed economic and governance systems have allowed inequality and social exclusion to grow to extreme and dangerous levels, and now coronavirus has driven an even greater wedge between the haves and have nots. Without immediate action, the pandemic could cause the biggest spike in inequality ever seen, and further destabilize the democratic systems we need to ensure a recovery for all. Governments must take action to tackle the inequality and climate crises, rein in extreme wealth and monopoly power, and deliver universal public services and social protection.
Investment Decision of Blockchain-based Traceability Service Input in a Competitive Agri-food Supply Chain
Authors: Liu Pan , Ziran Zhang , Ye Li
Published: December 2021

Applications of the blockchain-based traceability service (hereafter, BBTS) will not only help members of high-quality agri-food supply chain (hereafter, FPSC) improve consumers' perception on product quality and safety, but also increase their extra expenditure. Competitive AFSC as an important component of AFSC, its investment and coordination laws after using the BBTS obtain more attentions. To explore these laws, we constructed two competitive AFSCs, and each of them includes a supplier and a retailer. Considering the new changes of consumers' perception on product quality and safety after using the BBTS, the demand function was modified. Then, considering the BBTS costs and the new changes of consumers perceived on quality and safety, we built the income functions of chain members under the proposed three situations, i.e., 1) neither of the two supply chains invests in the BBTS, and 2) one supply chain invests in the BBTS, and 3) both supply chains invest in the BBTS. The research finds that: 1) if both of the two supply chains invest in the BBTS, supply chain members will gain a bigger threshold value sum of the BBTS costs, moreover, supply chain members will gain more benefits compared with them no investment BBTS. Thus, governments need to guide more enterprises to adopt BBTS. 2) The competitor’s perceived quality is negative with the threshold value sum of the BBTS costs. When the competitor’s perceived quality is high, investors should reduce investment costs. 3) If investors or decision makers about BBTS want to get a big the threshold value sum of the BBTS costs, they should reduce the cost optimization coefficient and avoid fierce price competition as much as possible. Results can offer a theoretical guidance of adopting BBTS for FPSC.
An EHL Extension of the Unsteady FBNS Algorithm
Authors: Hansen Erik , Kaçan Altay , Frohnapfel Bettina , Codrignani Andrea
Published: December 2021

Many engineering applications rely on lubricated gaps where the hydrodynamic pressure distribution is influenced by cavitation phenomena and elastic deformations. To obtain details about the conditions within the lubricated gap, solvers are required that can model cavitation and elastic deformation effects efficiently when a large amount of discretization cells is employed. The presented unsteady EHL-FBNS solver can compute the solution of such large problems that require the consideration of both mass-conserving cavitation and elastic deformation. The execution time of the presented algorithm scales almost with N log(N) where N is the number of computational grid points. A detailed description of the algorithm and the discretized equations is presented. The MATLAB© code is provided in the supplements along with a maintained version on GitHub to encourage its usage and further development. The output of the solver is compared to and validated with simulated and experimental results from the literature to provide a detailed comparison of different discretization schemes of the Couette term in presence of gap height discontinuities. As a final result, the most favourable scheme is identified for the unsteady study of surface textures in ball-on-disc tribometers under severe EHL conditions.
The Effects of Adult Offspring Migration on Nutrient Intake of Rural Elderly People in China
Authors: Jiang Jinqi , Dong Shuyu , Liu Zhaoyun , Lin Lin , Zhang Miao , Wang Zhenhua
Published: December 2021

Sufficient and Reasonable nutrient intake is essential for guaranteeing elderly people’s health, especially in rural China where elderly people are the main labor inputs in agricultural sector. Using the 2011 wave data of China Health and Nutrition Survey, this study has empirical analyzed the impact of adult children’s migration on nutrient intake of their elderly parents in rural areas. The results show that dietary energy and protein intake of rural elderly parents are inadequate where it is less than the Chinese RNI value significantly. Adult offspring migration positively relates with rural elderly parents’ protein intake as well as the dietary energy intake. In the families that partly adult offspring have out-migrated or in the one-child families, elderly parents benefit more from children migration. And for male, younger and low education elders, their nutrient intake is more likely to be improved by offspring migration.
Ovicidal and Repellent Activities of Several Plant Essential Oils Against Periplaneta americana L. and Enhanced Activities from their Combined Formulation
Authors: Soonwera Mayura , Moungthipmalai Tanapoom , Takawirapat Wacharaporn , Sittichok Sirawut
Published: December 2021

Natural ovicidal and repellent agents against Periplaneta americana are in urgent need, and plant essential oils (EOs) can assume this role quite readily. In this study, ovicidal and repellent activities against Periplaneta americana of EOs from Cymbopogon citratus, Cinnamomum verum, Eucalyptus globulus, Illicium verum, and Zanthoxylum limonella in soybean oil and in ethyl alcohol were determined by topical and dual-choice assays, as well as 10% cypermethrin and a combined formulation of 5% C. verum EO + 5% I. verum EO. Cypermethrin at 10% provided the highest toxicity (100% inhibition rate) against the eggs, but only slightly higher than that (99.3%) provided by the combined EO formulation, while the highest repellent activity against the adults was provided by the combined formulation (89.5% repelled cockroaches at 48 h after treatment). In addition, all EO formulations in soybean oil provided higher ovicidal and repellent activities than in ethyl alcohol. To conclude, the combined EO formulation in soybean oil can replace cypermethrin because their efficacy was nearly equivalent, but the combination should be much safer to use.
Using Cold As An Ally: Balsam Fir (Abies Balsamea L., Mill) Needles And Essential Oil Kill Overwintering Ticks (Ixodes Scapularis)
Authors: Adamo Shelley A. , Nabbout Amal El , Ferguson Laura , Zbarsky Jeffrey , Faraone Nicoletta
Published: December 2021

The blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, vectors Borrelia burgdorferi, a bacterium that causes Lyme Disease. Although synthetic pesticides can reduce tick numbers, less toxic acaricides would reduce impacts on other animals, such as pollinating insects. Natural-based pest control agents could provide an alternative because they have low environmental persistency; however, natural products struggle to provide effective control. We found a new natural acaricide, balsam fir (Abies balsamea) needles, that kill overwintering I. scapularis ticks. We extracted the essential oils from the needles, analyzed their chemical composition, and tested them for acaricidal activity. Both the oil and one of its main components, ß-pinene, kill overwintering ticks. Whole balsam fir needles require several weeks to kill overwintering ticks, while the essential oil is lethal within days at low temperatures (≤4°C). Further, low temperatures increase the efficacy of this low toxicity compound. Higher temperatures (i.e. 20oC) reduce the acaricidal effectiveness of the essential oil by 50% at 0.1% v/v. Low temperatures may promote the effectiveness of other low toxicity, natural control products. Winter is an overlooked season for tick control and should be explored as a possible time for the application of low toxicity products for successful tick management.
Responsibility Under Uncertainty: Which Climate Decisions Matter Most?
Authors: Botta Nicola , Brede Nuria , Crucifix Michel , Ionescu Cezar , Jansson Patrik , Li Zheng , Martínez-Montero Marina , Richter Tim
Published: December 2021

We propose a new method for estimating how much decisions under monadic uncertainty matter. The method is generic and suitable for measuring responsibility in finite horizon sequential decision processes. It fulfills “fairness” requirements and three natural conditions for responsibility measures: agency, avoidance and causal relevance. We apply the method to study how much decisions matter in a stylized greenhouse gas emissions process in which a decision maker repeatedly faces two options: start a “green” transition to a decarbonized society or further delay such a transition. We account for the fact that climate decisions are rarely implemented with certainty and that their consequences on the climate and on the global economy are uncertain. We discover that a “moral” approach towards decision making – doing the right thing even though the probability of success becomes increasingly small – is rational over a wide range of uncertainties.
Effects of Non-Invasive Neurostimulation on Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Zhang Hao
Published: December 2021

Background
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by characteristic impairments in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted and repetitive behavior. There is a continued need for exploring effective interventions and evaluating treatment options for ASD. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are non-invasive neurostimulation techniques which have shown clinical benefits in adult psychiatric conditions. While in ASD patients, no guideline has so-far recommended on the application of NIBS due to a lack of high-quality synthetic evidence. Therefore, objective of this study will be to systematically evaluate the evidence on clinical effects of non-invasive neurostimulation in patients with ASD.
Methods
We designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review. A comprehensive search from database inception onwards will be conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library. Randomized and non-randomized sham-controlled studies assessing the effects of noninvasive neurostimulation in patients with ASD will be identified. Eligibility of citations retrieved will be independently screened by two reviewers. The risk of bias and quality of included studies will be appraised using appropriate tools. A narrative synthesis around the features of the evidences will provided. There may be a chance for meta-analysis to pool the estimates of studies included if three studies or more meet the requirements for meta-analysis. If so, a random-effects model maybe applied. And we will evaluate heterogeneity between studies using the I² statistic.
Discussion
This systematic review will provide a broad and comprehensive evaluation of the evidence on clinical effects of TMS and tDCS in patients with ASD. Our findings will be reported according to the PRISMA guidelines and may add more confidence when healthcare professionals are making informed decisions about the choice of this therapy. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Systematic review registration:
Submitted to PROSPERO, 20/11/2021
Development and Validation of a Prognostic Classifier Based on Metabolism-Related Genes for Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Nan , Li Lin , Chi Jiangrui , Liu Xinwei , Xiong Youyi , Zhong Chaochao
Published: December 2021

Background: Alterations in lipid metabolism have been implicated in the development of many tumors. However, the contribution of different lipid metabolism pathways to Breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) remains to be fully established. Here, we attempted to ascertain the prognostic value of lipid metabolism-related genes in BRCA. Methods: We obtained RNA expression data and clinical information for BRCA and normal samples from public databases and downloaded a lipid metabolism-related gene set to harvest lipid metabolism-related genes. IPA was applied to identify the potential pathways and functions of DEGs related to lipid metabolism. Subsequently, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to construct the prognostic gene signature and independent prognostic analyses. Thereafter, the differential expression of the selected marker genes SDC1 and SORBS1 in clinical tissue samples was verified by qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical experiments. Functional enrichment analysis of prognostic genes was achieved by the GO and KEGG databases. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis, ROC curves, clinical immunohistochemistry conditions and follow-up results were employed to assess the prognostic potency. Potential compounds targeting prognostic genes were then screened by CMap database and a prognostic gene-drug interaction network was constructed using Comparative Toxicogenomics Database.Results: IPA demonstrated that the 162 lipid metabolism-related DEGs we obtained were involved in a variety of lipid metabolism and BRCA pathological signatures. Subsequent functional enrichment analysis of candidate prognostic lipid metabolism DEGs also revealed a similar outcome. The prognostic classifier we constructed comprising SDC1 and SORBS1 has a strong prognostic potency that was verified by the clinical conditions and follow-up results, it also can serve as an independent prognostic marker for BRCA. CMap filtered 37 potential compounds against prognostic genes. CTD indicated that the two prognostic genes had 16 drugs in common. Conclusion: Within this study, we identified a novel prognostic classifier based on two lipid metabolism-related genes: SDC1 and SORBS1. This classifier had accurately predicted the prognosis of our follow-up BRCA patients and this result highlighted a new perspective on the metabolic exploration of BRCA. In addition, SDC1 and SORBS1 could serve as a possible new target for the synthesis of BRCA drugs.
Is Healthcare AI Research Engaging Publics In Conversations About Ethics? Protocol For A Scoping Review
Authors: Frost Emma Kellie , Bosward Rebecca , Aquino Yves Saint James , Braunack-Mayer Annette , Carter Stacy M
Published: December 2021

Background: In recent years, innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to the development of new healthcare AI (HCAI) technologies. Whilst some of these technologies show promise for improving the patient experience, ethicists have warned that AI can introduce and exacerbate harms and wrongs in healthcare. It is important that HCAI reflects the values that are important to people. However, involving patients and publics in substantive conversations about AI ethics remains challenging due to relatively limited awareness of HCAI technologies. This scoping review aims to map how the existing literature on publics’ attitudes toward HCAI addresses key issues in AI ethics and governance.Methods: We developed a search query to conduct a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Academic Search Complete from January 2010 onwards. We will include primary research studies which document publics’ or patients’ attitudes toward HCAI. A coding framework has been designed and will be used capture qualitative and quantitative data from the articles. Two reviewers will code a proportion of the included articles and any discrepancies will be discussed amongst the team, with changes made to the coding framework accordingly. Final results will be reported quantitatively and qualitatively, examining how each AI ethics issue has been addressed by the included studies.Discussion: If HCAI is to be implemented ethically and legitimately, publics and patients must be included in important conversations about HCAI ethics. This review will explore how ethical issues are addressed in literature examining publics and patients’ attitudes toward HCAI. We aim to describe how publics and patients have been successfully consulted on HCAI ethics, and to identify any areas of HCAI ethics where more work is needed to include publics and patients in research and discussions.
NE/β2-AR Promotes Directional Migration of Colorectal Cancer Cells to the Liver by Inducing M2 Polarization of Kupffer Cells and Upregulating CXCL12 Expression
Authors: Li Xiaoyan , Yuan Na , Zhou Ce , Zhi Jie , Li Yang , Wang Bin , Zhao Wujie , Jia Yitao
Published: December 2021

Background and Aim The exact mechanism of colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of the norepinephrine (NE) in the directional migration of CRC cells to the liver.Methods In mouse models of CRC liver metastasis, the effects of NE on the number of liver metastases and the density of intrahepatic Kupffer cells (KCs) were observed. In vitro experiments were performed to detect KC polarization markers by flow cytometry, cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), migration of colon cancer cells by Transwell migration assay, AR expression and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related protein expressions by Western blotting, and chemokine mRNA expressions by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results Two weeks after intraperitoneal injection of different doses of NE in CRC liver metastasis mouse models, the number of liver metastases were (111.00±51.43) and (102.40±54.85) in the low-dose (0.28 nmol) NE group and high-dose groups (2.8 nmol), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P＜0.05); in addition, the density of intrahepatic KCs in the NE group was significantly reduced compared with the control group (P<0.05). In vitro experiments showed that low-concentration NE induced M2 polarization of KCs; NE upregulated the expression level of NE receptor β2-AR on KCs and activated the PI3K/Akt pathway, while blocking β2-AR or using a PI3K inhibitor inhibited this process (P< 0.05). M2 KCs promoted the migration of colon cancer cell line CT26. Eight macrophage-associated chemokines were screened from the TISIDB website. CXCL12 expression in KCs was significantly higher in low-concentration (10-9 M) NE group than in controls, and a β2-AR blocker down-regulated CXCL12 expression in KCs (both P < 0.05).Conclusions NE/β2-AR may induce intrahepatic KC M2 polarization through the PI3K/Akt pathway and promote its secretion of CXCL12 to induce the directional migration of CRC to the liver. Our findings provide important evidence in the search for new strategies to prevent liver metastasis from CRC.
Validation of Leaf Area Index Measurement System Based on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Yang Rongjin , Liu Lu , Liu Qiang , Li Xiuhong , Yin Lizeyan , Hao Xuejie , Ma Yushuang , Song Qiao
Published: December 2021

Accurate measurement of leaf area index (LAI) is important for agricultural analysis such as the estimation of crop yield, which makes its measurement work important. There are mainly two ways to obtain LAI: ground station measurement and remote sensing satellite monitoring. Recently, reliable progress has been made in long-term automatic LAI observation using wireless sensor network (WSN) technology under certain conditions. We developed and designed an LAI measurement system (LAIS) based on a wireless sensor network to select and improve the appropriate algorithm according to the image collected by the sensor, to get a more realistic leaf area index. The corn LAI was continuously observed from May 30 to July 16, 2015. Research on hardware has been published, this paper focuses on improved system algorithm and data verification. By improving the finite length average algorithm, the data validation results are as follows: 1. The slope of the fitting line between LAIS measurement data and the real value is 0.944, and the root means square error (RMSE) is 0.264 (absolute error ~ 0-0.6), which has high consistency with the real value. 2. The measurement error of LAIS is less than LAI2000, although the result of our measurement method will be higher than the actual value, it is due to the influence of weeds on the ground. 3. LAIS data can be used to support the retrieval of remote sensing products. We find a suitable application situation of our LAIS system data, and get our application value as ground monitoring data by the verification with remote sensing product data, which supports its application and promotion in similar research in the future.
Effective maNagement of Depression among Patients witH cANCEr (ENHANCE): A Protocol for a Hybrid Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Interventions for Depressive Symptoms.
Authors: Pertl Maria Margareta , Perez  , Collier Sonya , Guinan Emer , Monahan Garret , Verling Katie , Wallace Emma , Walsh Aisling , Doyle Frank
Published: December 2021

Background: Depression is common among patients with cancer and is associated with lower treatment participation, lower satisfaction with care, poorer quality of life, greater symptom burden, and higher healthcare costs. Various types of interventions (e.g., pharmacological, psychotherapy) are used for the treatment of depression. However, evidence for these among patients with cancer is limited. Furthermore, the relative effectiveness and acceptability of different approaches is unknown because a direct comparison between all available treatments has not been carried out. We will address this by conducting a network meta-analysis (NMA) of interventions for depression among people with cancer using a hybrid overview of reviews and systematic review methodology. Methods: We will search for and extract data from systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of depression interventions for patients with cancer from inception, before performing a supplemental search for more recent RCTs. We will include RCTs comparing pharmacological, psychotherapy, exercise, combination therapy, collaborative care, or complementary and alternative medicine interventions with pill placebo, no treatment, waitlist, treatment as usual, or minimal treatment control groups, or directly in head-to-head trials, among adults who have a current or previous diagnosis of cancer and elevated depressive symptoms (scores above a cut-off on validated scales or meeting diagnostic criteria). Our primary outcomes will be change in depressive symptoms (standardised mean difference) and intervention acceptability (% who withdrew). Our secondary outcomes will be 6-month change in depressive symptoms, health-related quality of life, adverse events and mortality. We will independently screen for eligibility, extract data, and assess risk of bias using the RoB2 tool. We will use frequentist random-effects multivariate NMA in Stata, Rankograms and surface under the cumulative ranking curves to synthesize evidence and obtain a ranking of intervention groups. We will explore heterogeneity and inconsistency using local and global measures and evaluate the credibility of results using the Confidence in NEtwork Meta-Analysis (CINeMA) framework.Discussion: Our findings will provide the best available evidence for managing depression among patients with cancer. Such information will help to inform clinical guidelines, evidence-based treatment decisions and future research by identifying gaps in the current literature. Systematic review registration: Submitted to PROSPERO (record number: 290145), awaiting registration
Clinical Characteristics and Therapeutic Response of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease: a Retrospective Study of 127 Chinese Patients
Authors: An Wen , Wu Zhen , Li Min , Yu Haitian , Zhao Xinyan , Wang Xiaoming , Wang Yu , Wang Qianyi , Duan Weijia , Kong Yuanyuan , Ma Hong , Ou Xiaojuan , You Hong , Liu Yanying , Li Peng , Duan Ting , Jia Jidong
Published: December 2021

Background & Aims: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multisystem fibroinflammatory condition. The aim of the present study was to characterize the clinical features and therapeutic response of patients with IgG4-RD and identify risk factors for disease relapse.Methods: We collected baseline data of eligible patients with IgG4-RD and analyzed clinical feature by interview and review of medical records. The patients who received medical therapy with at least 3 months follow-up were used to characterize the therapeutic response and identify risk factors for relapse. Result: Totally 127 IgG4-RD patients, including 92 males and 35 females, were included in the present study. The median age at diagnosis was 63.0 years, ranging from 23 to 86. The pancreas, bile duct and lymph nodes were the most frequently involved organs. The serum IgG4 level was elevated in 94.5% of the patients and was correlated with the number of organs involved. Patients classified as head and neck limited group were more likely to be female. Patients classified as pancreato-hepatobiliary group had highest aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), bilirubin level (all p＜0.05). Mikulicz syndrome and systemic involvement group had the highest IgG-RI score, serum globulin, IgG and IgG4 level. Among 92 patients who received medical therapy with at least 3 months follow-up,76 received glucocorticoids (GC) alone or in combination with immunosuppressive agents and 16 patients did not take GC. 74 out of the 76 patients (97.3%) achieved remission, with 59 of them remained in remission and 15 of them relapsed. Wheras16 patients did not take GC, among them, 6 patients achieved remission with one patient relapsed. On multivariate analysis, higher initial score of ACR/EULAR IgG4-RD Classification Criteria, GC monotherapy and GC withdrawal were independent predictors for relapse.Conclusion: Different phenotypes of IgG4-RD showed different demographic and serological features. The risk factors of relapse were GC withdrawal, GC monotherapy and higher score of ACR/EULAR IgG4-RD Classification Criteria.
A Memristor Based Chaotic Oscillator for Weak Signal Detection and Its Circuitry Realization
Authors: Dong Kaifeng , Xu Kun , Zhou Youyou , Zuo Chao , Wang Leiming , Zhang ChuanKe , Jin Fang , Song Junlei , Mo Wenqin , Hui Yajuan
Published: December 2021

A new type of weak signal detection system that combines the memristor and Van der pol-Duffing chaotic system has been proposed in this paper, and the dynamic characteristics of the system are studied. It is observed that the system can change from a chaotic state to a periodic state under different driving force amplitudes. Moreover, as compared with several classical chaotic oscillators, the numerical simulation results show that the system has stronger anti-noise performance with the detectable signal-to-noise ratio reaches -163dB, and has a wider detection range. Its detection accuracy is up to 1 × 10 −9 . More importantly, this paper provides the circuit implementation scheme of the system, and the weak signal can be detected with our designed circuit. This may offer a possible way for weak signal detection system with good performance in anti-noise performance, detection range and accuracy.
Solar Radiation Limits the Use of Paddocks by Laying Hens Raised in the Free-range System
Authors: de Oliveira Evandro Menezes , De Oliveira Larissa Queiroz Medeiros , Mós João Victor Do Nascimento , Teixeira Bruno Emanoel , Nascimento Sheila Tavares
Published: December 2021

Laying hens on the Free-range systems are susceptible to challenging situations in relation to the rearing environment. Therefore, this work evaluated how solar radiation influences the behaviour of laying hens raised in a Free-range system, in the Brazilian Savanna. The activities included data collection of meteorological variables and behavioural analysis of three-hundred commercial laying hens in relation to the frequency of use of indoor and outdoor areas of rearing housing. The solar radiation is the main factor that directly affects the heat gain of production animals, in this experiment had a high amplitude during all day, going from 33.42 W m-2, to 756.98 W m-2. It was observed that the highest frequency of 79% and 91% use of the barn areas by the hens was at 8am and 4pm, respectively. The internal area of the housing was more used by hens 87% and 68% at 12h and 14h, respectively. Hens were not observed in the paddocks at noon and 2 pm. Hens spend more than 6 hours of the day inside the housing to provide shelter from solar radiation. Which the conclusion the solar radiation influences the behaviour of laying hens, at times of the day of the higher incidence of radiation, and high air and global temperatures, it was not observed the presence of hens in the external areas of the housing, especially with the use of the paddocks, at these times the hens seek shelter inside the housing to get away from the incidence of direct solar radiation.
The Influence of Land Use in the Catchment Area of Small Waterbodies on the Quality of Water and Plant Species Composition
Authors: Szpakowska Barbara , Świerk Dariusz , Dudzińska Anna , Pajchrowska Maria , Gołdyn Ryszard
Published: December 2021

Land use significantly affects the function of waterbodies in landscape. Although there have been numerous studies on the influence of the catchment area on the trophic and ecological status of waterbodies, still is not reached an agreement on the width of the buffer zone that is necessary for effective protection of waterbodies. The aim of the study was to show whether small waterbodies are predominantly influenced by land use in the entire catchment area or only in the zone extending 100 or 200 m away from the shoreline. For two years the waters in six small waterbodies located in the Wielkopolska region (Poland) were analysed. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the influence of land use, especially agricultural land, was much greater within the zone extending 100 m from the shore line of the waterbodies than in the total catchment area. Therefore, it would be advisable to move the border of intensive farming areas beyond the entire 100-metre-wide buffer zone, or at least to reduce the intensity of agriculture and to introduce diversified and perenial vegetation creating effective biogeochemical barriers.