bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Author debate response: Ethical criteria when a (potential) perpetrator asks a human rights organization to defend their case based on the forensic documentation of alleged torture. How shall we proceed?
Authors: López Martín Sara
Published: November 2020

n/a
Jurisdiction in administrative cases on recognition of information posted on the Internet prohibited for distribution in the Russian Federation as an Institution of administrative procedure law
Authors: Rozhkova Daria Dmitrievna
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes peculiarities of jurisdiction on recognition information posted on the Internet prohibited for distribution in the Russian Federation, which is a relatively new institution of administrative procedure law. The subject of this research is the norms established in the Chapter 27.1 of the Code of Administrative Legal Proceedings of the Russian Federation, which form an autonomous institution of administrative procedure law of the Russian Federation. The provisions of this chapter are serve as the foundation for settling public law disputes emerging as a result of posting information on the Internet resources. The main conclusion consists in the statement that the concept of “information prohibited for distribution on the territory of the Russian Federation” needs to be amended, since the current legislation contains not only the rules that define information posted on the Internet. The author also underlines the need for introducing into the text of Administrative Procedure Code of pretrial procedure of consideration of administrative cases. The article substantiates that court procedure on recognition of information prohibited for distribution should be transparent and thoroughly regulated. At the same time, the case law confirms that legal process of recognition of information posted on the Internet prohibited for distribution in the Russian Federation is not flawless.
Transport tax: analysis of calculation and collection mechanism, improvement trends on the regional level (on the materials of the Republic of Dagestan)
Authors: Imanshapieva Mazika Musabekovna
Published: November 2020

This article examines the peculiarities of taxation of vehicles, as well as the fiscal role of transport tax in the budget revenue of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Analysis is conducted on the overall dynamics of tax proceeds on transport tax into the budget system of the Russian Federation. Assessment is given to tax collection, as well as to the changes in structure of transport tax taxpayers on the federal level for the period from 2016 to 2019. Particular attention is turned to the role of tax rates and deductions on transport tax in formation of regional budget revenues. The author also analyzes tax proceeds, tax structure and tax base on transport tax on the regional level for the period from 2016 to 2019 (on the example of the Republic of Dagestan). Recommendations are made on the improvement of transport tax on the federal and regional level with regards to establishment of detailed differentiation of tax rates, application of reducing and increasing coefficients, as well as measures for improving the quality of tax administration of transport tax. The author also proposed measures aimed at full implementation of the principles of justice and proportionality of taxation in the context of calculation and collection of transport tax. The main results consists in the proposed recommendations on improvement of mechanism for calculation and collection of transport tax and enhancement of its current role in formation of regional budget revenues.
Metacriticism of an artistic writing style: Venedikt Yerofeyev on Vladimir Mayakovsky
Authors: Bezrukov Andrey Nikolaevich
Published: November 2020

Venedikt Yerofeyev is a remarkable and complex figure in Russian literature of the second half of the XX century. He is one of the first to expresses a different perspective on the realities of life and propose a new type of assessment of being. The object of this research is the introductory composition of Venedikt Yerofeyev written in 1961, at the time of joining Vladimir State Pedagogical Institute. The main subject of the analysis is the objectification of V. Yerofeyev’s metacritical assessment of “All Right!” Research methodology is at the edge of conceptual evaluation of the text, hermeneutical interpretation of the composition, structural and comparative approaches. The basis of receptive criticism, which in the author’s opinion was taken by Venedikt Yerofeyev as the principle of interpretation of Mayakovsky’s poetic construct, unites the outlines circle of methods. The novelty and relevance of this work consists in the fact that Yerofeyev’s  introductory composition has not been previously examined and commented upon in of a number of scientific sources. Yerofeyev’s writing has a clearly humanistic and philological connotation. The author creates the text by a unique research pattern: from the emotionally sensible focus of experiences of Vladimir Mayakovsky to verification of the positions of synthesis of personal and social order in the poem “All Right!” Metacricisim of Mayakovsky's style and artistic manner in the composition of Venedikt Yerofeyev is given not only from the perspective of point estimation of text of the futurist poet, but also from the standpoint of intensive reduction of the potentially inherent meaning.
Evaluative lexicon in the novel “Raskovnik” by I. K. Kalashnikov
Authors: Zyryanova Elena Vasil'evna , Stepanova Irina Zhamsaranovna , Bokhieva Marina Viktorovna , Omel'chenko Liliya Nikolaevna
Published: November 2020

Special place in the language of literary text is appointed to the category of evaluation, as it is associated with the manifestation of subjective beginning in the language that addresses the cognition of objective reality and represents one of the complicated and controversial sections, which attracts attention of the linguists, philosophers, psychologists, etc. In the center of this research is the examination of evaluative lexicon in the novel “Raskovnik” by I. K. Kalashnikov”. Since the novel is dedicated to the life of Old Believers dwelling in Buryatia, the language of the text is unique and features multiple dialectisms, as well as emotionally evaluative words. The goal of this research lies in determination and analysis of the peculiarities of explication of evaluative lexicon in the novel. The methodological framework contains the studies of N. D. Arutyunova, E. M. Volf, T. V. Markelova and other scholars, which reflect the theoretical principles of the category of evaluation. The scientific novelty consists systematization of evaluative lexicon based on the material of the novel “Raskovnik” by I. K. Kalashnikov. As a result of this research, the author revealed the most significant areas of evaluation in this novel, among which are a person, his appearance, character traits, worldview, stance on life, and existence overall. The analysis of evaluative lexicon allows to better understand the meaning of the novel, gives a fuller perspective on its the characters, and reveals the peculiarities of the writer’s individual style.
On method of composing low frequency signals based on array structures
Authors: Cui An-Jing , Li Dao-Jing , Zhou Kai , Wang Yv , Hong Jun ,   Science and Technology on Microwave Imaging Laboratory, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China,   School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China
Published: November 2020

Generating low-frequency electromagnetic waves based on high-frequency antenna and illuminating targets with multi-band signals can be an effect way that can not only reduce the physical dimension of a low frequency antenna, but also improve the performance of radar detection. Combining the electromagnetic wave doppler effect principle and the array antenna architecture, a method of generating a low-frequency signal around the illuminated target is proposed based on the controlling of array antenna parameters, including array radiation element signal timing, phase and element spacing. The principles of array parameter design are described. Composite signals are simulated respectively under two typical geometric relationships between targets and array antenna, target located along the array direction and in the direction of 45° scanning angle. The peak sidelobe ratio (PSLR) and integral sidelobe ratio (ISLR) are used to evaluate the quality of the composite signals. Aiming at practical applications, the effects of array element spacing error, phase error and target location error on the composite signal are simulated and analyzed. Under the condition of sparse uniform array, the influence of the radiation element spacing on the composite signal is analyzed. The simulation results show that the harmonic components of the composite signal increase with the radiating element spacing error and phase error growing.
From Evaluated Outputs to Values-Embedded Practices
Authors: Agate Nicky
Published: November 2020

Currently, academia values what it can count: number of articles written, number of citations made, number of theses directed; number of euros or dollars received; in other words, it values what it can easily measure, and uses those numbers as a proxy for individual distinction within a competitive prestige economy. What if the individuals that make up the academic enterprise decided to focus on what we value, or purport to value (be that public scholarship, community engagement; openness and access; diversity, equity, and inclusion) instead? The HuMetricsHSS initiative promotes and supports one such alternative: a values-based, process-oriented approach to evaluative decision making in the academy, with a focus on the humanities and social sciences. Learn more about the history of the project, our current work, and our future plans in this talk.
MiR-26a-5p inhibits GSK3β expression and promotes cardiac hypertrophy in vitro
Authors: Tang Liqun , Xie Jianhong , Yu Xiaoqin , Zheng Yangyang
Published: November 2020

Background

The role of miR-26a-5p expression in cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. Herein, the effect of miR-26a-5p on cardiac hypertrophy was investigated using phenylephrine (PE)-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in a rat model of hypertension-induced hypertrophy in vivo.

Methods

The PE-induced cardiac hypertrophy models in vitro and vivo were established. To investigate the effect of miR-26a-5p activation on autophagy, the protein expression of autophagosome marker (LC3) and p62 was detected by western blot analysis. To explore the effect of miR-26a-5p activation on cardiac hypertrophy, the relative mRNA expression of cardiac hypertrophy related mark GSK3β was detected by qRT-PCR in vitro and vivo. In addition, immunofluorescence staining was used to detect cardiac hypertrophy related mark α-actinin. The cell surface area was measured by immunofluorescence staining. The direct target relationship between miR-26a-5p and GSK3β was confirmed by dual luciferase report.

Results

MiR-26a-5p was highly expressed in PE-induced cardiac hypertrophy. MiR-26a-5p promoted LC3II and decreased p62 expression in PE-induced cardiac hypertrophy in the presence or absence of lysosomal inhibitor. Furthermore, miR-26a-5p significantly inhibited GSK3β expression in vitro and in vivo. Dual luciferase report results confirmed that miR-26a-5p could directly target GSK3β. GSK3β overexpression significantly reversed the expression of cardiac hypertrophy-related markers including ANP, ACTA1 and MYH7. Immunofluorescence staining results demonstrated that miR-26a-5p promoted cardiac hypertrophy related protein α-actinin expression, and increased cell surface area in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusion

Our study revealed that miR-26a-5p promotes myocardial cell autophagy activation and cardiac hypertrophy by regulating GSK3β, which needs further research.
Growth Performance of Mutiara Catfish (Clarias gariepinnus) Fed a Combination of Commercial Feed and Black Soldier Fly Maggot (Hemetia illucens)
Authors: Habibie Maulana Ranantika , Yustiati Ayi , Haetami Kiki , Suryadi Ibnu Bangkit
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this research was to determine the appropriate combination of commercial feed and maggot to produce optimum growth, feed efficiency and food conversion ratio for catfish. This research used experimental method with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments and four replications. The study was conducted in the Ciparanje Land Fisheries Area, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. The research was carried out between January - July 2019. The treatments are combination of commercial feed and maggots consisting of A (control, 100% commercial feed), B (75% commercial feed + 25% maggot), C (50% commercial feed + 50% maggot) and D (25% commercial feed + 75% maggot). The parameters observed were survival rate, daily growth rate, length ratio, feed efficiency, food conversion ratio and water quality. The combination of commercial feed and maggots affected the daily growth rate, length ratio, feed efficiency and food conversion ratio of catfish. The survival rate of each treatment was 88.75, 92.50%. Treatment C showed the value of highest daily growth rate, length ratio, feed efficiency namely 1.86%, 1.40%, 65.09% respectively and the lowest feed conversion ratio 1.54%.
Awareness of Causes and Health Risks Associated with High Blood Cholesterol among Men in Awka Etiti, Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Umezulike Anthony Somtochukwu , Ugbe Ugbe Maurice-Joel , Ubi Okoi Faith
Published: November 2020

Aim: The study aimed to determine the awareness of causes and health risks associated with high blood cholesterol (HBC) among men in Awka-Etiti, Nigeria.

Study Design: A descriptive survey research design was used.

Place and Duration: Awka-Etiti, Anambra State, Nigeria in 2019.

Methodology: The sample of the study comprised three hundred adult men aged 25 and above. A structured questionnaire was the main instrument used for data collection. Face validity was used to check for the validity of the instrument. The split-half method was used to check the reliability of the instrument and obtained a coefficient of 0.61.

Results: Generally there were low levels of awareness of causes (56%) and a moderate level of awareness for risks (65%) associated with HBC in the study area. Younger age and older age as well as higher educational attainment were identified determinants of better awareness of causes and associated risks of HBC. Significance test found associations between age and awareness of causes of HBC (P=.006); and age and awareness of associated risks of HBC (P=.001). There were no significant associations between marital status and awareness of causes of HBC (P=.221); and marital status and awareness of associated risks of HBC (P=.221).

Conclusion: There are still poor awareness levels of HBC among some minority groups in the study population. Public Health education and promotion of healthy lifestyles are recommended to reduce this burden.
Using of the Application Programs for the Decision of Tasks on Physics
Authors: Salkeeva A. K. , Kusenova A. S. , Kopbalina K. B. , Turebaeva G. B. , Davydova A. Y.
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the possibilities of using modern computer technologies, in particular, the Mathcad application program for visual representation of physical processes. This article shows methods for solving ordinary differential equations in the Mathcad package based on numerical methods. As an example of a nonlinear process, the Cauchy problem for a second order ordinary differential equation is solved using the Mathcad odesolve function, which is a complication of the linear oscillator equation, and a graph is obtained. It also talks about the advantages of using the Mathcad application program for solving problems in physics, which allows you to not only make the necessary calculations, but also to arrange your work using graphs, drawings, tables and mathematical formulas. Based on the results of these modeling works, the user gets the system model ready and can only set the initial conditions and control all the parameters of the model during the numerical experiment. In this regard, this program provides an opportunity to expand the teaching activities of the teacher and increase the independence and activity of students.
Amoebic Colitis Presenting as Subacute Intestinal Obstruction with Perforation
Authors: Verma Renuka , Budhwar Archana , Rawat Priyanka , Dalal Niti , Bishlay Anjali , Singh Sunita
Published: November 2020

Infestation with Entamoeba histolytica is worldwide, especially in developing areas. Presented case study included amoebic colitis in a 45 years old man complaining of abdominal distension and non-passage of stools since three days. Abdominal region was diffusely distended and tender in right iliac fossa. Plain abdominal radiography revealed prominent gut loops and minimal intergut free fluid. At laparotomy, malrotation of gut was present. Histopathological examination of intestinal samples confirmed final diagnosis of amoebic colitis post-operatively.
Isolation of Diarrhea Causing Organisms (Salmonella and Shigella) from Selected Seafood
Authors: Wali Owhorchukwu Amadi- , Wali Chinyere Amadi- , Njigwum Allwell Sunny
Published: November 2020

Aims: The study investigated the presence of entities causing diarrhea (Shigella & Salmonella) from some selected seafood.

Study Design:  The study adopted a completely randomized experimental Design.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Microbiology, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), between January 2020 and February 2020.

Methodology: Simple random technique was employed to collect sufficient quantities of five different fresh raw seafoods (shrimp, periwinkle, crab, sardine fish and mudskipper) across fish harbors and fish markets (Nembe waterside, Abonema Wharf and 1 Fish Market) in Port Harcourt, and were evaluated for bacteriological quality. Sample collection was a cross-sectional type. The isolation and identification of isolates were done according to standard bacteriological analytical methods. The study employed Frequency counts, percentages and one- way ANOVA statistics, and the analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Although, one-way ANOVA statistics was used to test the hypothesis of the study at 0.05 level of significance, while Tukey’s test was used for ranking means.

Results: The finding showed that 53 percent of the isolates (i.e. 8 out of 15 isolates) were characterized as Salmonella and Shigella. Also, the result shows that all the seafood evaluated contain unacceptable levels of Salmonella and Shigella contamination, which ranged from 1.79 x107 CFU/g to 2.96 x107CFU/g. The level of contamination found in the selected seafood is shown in descending order from the highest to the lowest: Sardine> Periwinkle> Shrimps> Mudskipper> Crab. More so, result from the hypothesis showed that there was a significant mean difference in the Salmonella and Shigella count amongst selected seafood (P < .001).

Conclusion: The results of this study constitute an indicator of fecal contamination in selected seafood from fish markets in Port Harcourt. Amongst others, it was recommended that Government should enforce laws discouraging the dumping of untreated waste into water bodies.
Contribution of the Reactive Separation Process to Methanol Recovery and Biodiesel Characteristics
Authors: Pasae Yoel , Allo Eda Lolo , Bulo Lyse
Published: November 2020

The chemical reaction that occurs in the biodiesel processing is a type of reversible reaction between oil and methanol. Therefore, to increase the conversion of the reaction, the amount of methanol used is more than the stoichiometric equilibrium. The excess methanol is often difficult to recover after washing biodiesel. Determine of the contribution of the reactive separation process to methanol recovery and biodiesel characteristics are the focus of this study. The transesterification reaction process is carried out in reactive separation equipment, using palm oil as raw material, NaOH, and super base CaO as the catalyst. The results showed that the reactive separation process could recover methanol as much as 55.88% for the reaction process using a NaOH catalyst, and 52.94% for the reaction process using a super base CaO catalyst. The biodiesel characteristics produced to meet the criteria set out in the Indonesian National Standard.
Studies on Physiological Effects and Plasmid Stability of JM109 Host System
Authors: Vemuri Praveen Kumar , Anjum Shaik Mohammad , Medida Lakshmi Saranya , Sai P. V. Hemanth , Gummavajjala Mahathi , Panigrahi Braja Kishori , Dash Swati , Senapati Swati
Published: November 2020

Objective: The purpose of the study delineates the growth and plasmid stability of E. coli JM109 host system.

Methods: Different concentrations of drugs, chemicals and various frequency of radiations were subjected to the host system to verify the colony forming units along with plasmid concentration and stability.

Results: Among chemicals, acridine orange showed highest effect on growth of DH5a, while among the drugs, dantron showed maximum effect on the growth of the organism. Radio frequency of 2GHz and low intensity microwave radiation were recorded as highest inhibitory effects. However, there is no significant effect in growth was observed in exposure to UV rays. Conclusion: The present work discussed that, the effect of drugs, chemicals, radio frequency and microwave radiation have a huge effect not only on growth of organism but also concentration and stability of plasmid.
PEMILIHAN STRATEGI BISNIS PEMBENIHAN UDANG VANAME DENGAN METODE INTERNAL-EXTERNAL MATRIX
Authors: Remiasa Marcus , Sugiharto Terry
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi bisnis pembenihan udang vaname dengan metode Internal External Matrix. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa posisi strategi perusahaan berada pada kuadran IV mengarah pada strategi grow and build yang terdiri dari strategi intensive dan strategi integrative. Strategi intensive dengan melakukan strategi penetrasi pasar dan stratgei pengembangan pasar sedangkan strategi integrative dengan melakukan strategi integrasi ke depan.
BAGAIMANA KEAMANAN PANGAN, KUALITAS MAKANAN DAN CITRA MEREK MEMPENGARUHI MINAT BELI ULANG
Authors: Siaputra Hanjaya
Published: November 2020

Lika-liku bisnis makanan dan minuman tidak selalu semanis yang dibayangkan. Kejadian keracunan makanan dan minuman masih sering membayangi geliat usaha di bidang yang satu ini. Ketika tragedi seperti ini terjadi, restoran harus berusaha keras menumbuhkan minat beli ulang konsumen atas produk yang ditawarkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh keamanan pangan, kualitas makanan dan citra merek terhadap minat beli ulang konsumen restoran “XYZ” dengan kepuasan konsemen sebagai mediator. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif kausal dengan penyebaran kuesioner kepada 146 responden yang pernah mengkonsumsi produk restoran “XYZ”. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan Partial Least Square. Dari hasil analisa data yang dilakukan, terbukti adanya pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara keamanan pangan, kualitas makanan, citra merek, dan kepuasan konsumen terhadap minat beli ulang. Dalam penelitian ini juga terbukti bahwa kepuasan konsumen dapat berperan sebagai mediator terhadap minat beli ulang
PENGARUH PEMULIHAN JASA TERHADAP KEPUASAN DAN KEPERCAYAAN PELANGGAN ATAS MEREK HOTEL: STUDI PADA HOTEL BERBINTANG SATU SAMPAI TIGA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Tansi Michelia , Agustin Ika , Wijaya Serli
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa penerapan pemulihan jasa di hotel berbintang satu sampai tiga di Indonesia atas kegagalan jasa yang terjadi dan pengaruhnya terhadap kepercayaan pelanggan atas merek hotel. Survei dilakukan kepada 286 responden yang menginap di hotel dan melakukan keluhan akibat kegagalan jasa yang dialami selama menginap. Data primer diolah dengan teknik statistik SEM-PLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemulihan jasa memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap kepuasan atas pemulihan jasa. Sementara itu, kepuasan atas pemulihan jasa terbukti memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dalam mengembalikan kepercayaan responden atas merek hotel serta menjadi variabel mediasi yang signifikan bagi hubungan antara kepuasan atas pemulihan jasa dan kepercayaan merek.
Core Set of Domains for Outcome Measures in Behçet's Syndrome
Authors: Hatemi Gülen , Meara Alexa , Özgüler Yesim , Direskeneli Haner , Mahr Alfred , Shea Beverly , Cam Esen , Gul Ahmet , Yazici Yusuf , Tugwell Peter , Yazici Hasan , Merkel Peter A. ,   for the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Behçet's Syndrome Working Group
Published: November 2020

Objective

An unmet need exists for reliable, validated, and widely‐accepted outcome measures for randomized clinical trials in Behçet's syndrome. The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Behçet's Syndrome Working Group, a large, multidisciplinary group of experts in Behçet's syndrome and patients with Behçet's syndrome, had an objective of developing a core set of data‐driven outcome measures for use in all clinical trials of Behçet's syndrome.

Methods

The core domain set was developed through a comprehensive, iterative, multistage project that included a systematic review, a focus group meeting and qualitative patient interviews, a survey among experts in Behçet's syndrome, a Delphi exercise involving both patients and physician experts in Behçet's syndrome, and use of the data, insight, and feedback generated by these processes to develop a final core domain set.

Results

All steps were completed and domains were delineated across the organ systems involved in this disease. Since trials in Behçet's syndrome often focus on specific manifestations and not on the disease in its entirety, the final proposed core set includes 5 domains mandatory for study in all trials in Behçet's syndrome (disease activity, new organ involvement, quality of life, adverse events, and death) with additional subdomains mandatory for study of specific organ–systems. The final core set was endorsed at the 2018 OMERACT meeting.

Conclusion

The core set of domains in Behçet's syndrome provides the foundation through which the international research community, including clinical investigators, patients, the biopharmaceutical industry, and government regulatory bodies can harmonize the study of this complex disease, compare findings across studies, and advance development of effective therapies.
Codevelopment of Patient Self‐Examination Methods and Joint Count Reporting for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Grainger Rebecca , Townsley Hermaleigh R. , Stebbings Simon , Harrison Andrew A. , Taylor William J. , Stamp Lisa K.
Published: November 2020

Objective

To determine whether training increases accuracy of self‐reported joint counts in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and describe the knowledge and techniques for self‐examination of joints for reporting of RA disease activity.

Methods

This mixed‐methods study included 10 patients with RA and four rheumatologists. A rheumatologist presented about joint inflammation and disease monitoring in RA. Patients then self‐examined and reported 28‐tender joint count (28‐TJC) and 28‐swollen joint count (28‐SJC). Next, two paired rheumatologists examined patients and reported 28‐TJC and 28‐SJC. After watching a joint examination video for training physicians, patients discussed their training needs for self‐examination, with discussion analyzed using thematic analysis. Self‐examination techniques were determined by consensus. Finally, patients self‐examined and reported 28‐TJC and 28‐SJC. Reliability between the first and second patient‐reported 28‐TJCs and 28‐SJCs and rheumatologist pair‐reported 28‐TJC and 28‐SJC was determined with the intraclass coefficient.

Results

The reliability for patient self‐reported joint counts was higher for the 28‐TJC than for the 28‐SJC. Reliability improved following rheumatologist examination and training. Patients identified a preference for practical information rather than detailed information on joint anatomy and pathophysiology. Clear definitions of “swollen” and “tender” were important; patients found the concept of “tenderness” difficult. Techniques for self‐examination and reporting of joint counts were agreed on and demonstrated in an instructional video.

Conclusion

Training increased reliability of patient‐reported joint counts. Patients with RA identified important aspects of training for self‐examination and reporting of joint counts. An 8‐minute instructional video was codeveloped; the next step is the evaluation of the video’s impact on patient‐reported joint counts.
Donor–π–Acceptor Type Porphyrin Derivatives Assisted Defect Passivation for Efficient Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Mai Chi‐Lun , Zhou Qin , Xiong Qiu , Chen Ching‐Chin , Xu Jianbin , Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Lee Hsuan‐Wei , Yeh Chen‐Yu , Gao Peng
Published: November 2020

In recent years, hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention owing to their low cost, easy fabrication, and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Nevertheless, solution‐processed perovskite films usually show substantial structural disorders, resulting in ion defects on the surface of lattice and grain boundaries. Herein, a series of D–π–A porphyrins coded as CS0, CS1, and CS2 that can effectively passivate the perovskite surface, increase VOC and FF, reduce the hysteresis effect, enhance power conversion efficiency to be higher than 22%, and improve the device stability is developed. The results in this study demonstrated that the donor–π–acceptor type porphyrin derivatives are promising passivators that can improve the cell performance of PSCs.
Hybrid Printing Using Cellulose Nanocrystals Reinforced GelMA/HAMA Hydrogels for Improved Structural Integration
Authors: Fan Yuchao , Yue Zhilian , Lucarelli Enrico , Wallace Gordon G.
Published: November 2020

3D printing of soft‐tissue like cytocompatible single material constructs with appropriate mechanical properties remains a challenge. Hybrid printing technology provides an attractive alternative as it combines a cell‐free ink for providing mechanical support with a bioink for housing embedded cells. Several hybrid printed structures have been developed, utilizing thermoplastic polymers such as polycaprolactone as structural support. These thermoplastics demonstrated limited structural integration with the cell‐laden components, and this may compromise the overall performance. In this work, a hybrid printing platform is presented using two distinct hydrogel inks that share the same photo‐crosslinking chemistry to enable simple fabrication and seamless structural integration. A mechanically reinforced hydrogel ink is developed comprising cellulose nanocrystals and gelatin methacryloyl/hyaluronic acid methacrylate (GelMA/HAMA) as the structural component, and GelMA/HAMA as the cytogel containing a mouse chondrogenic cell line, ATDC5. Hybrid printed constructs with encapsulated cells are fabricated using the two optimized inks, and the structural integration of the constructs is evaluated by cyclic mechanical compression. Finally, the cell viability of encapsulated ATDC5 cells in the hybrid printed structures is evaluated.
Antimonene Nanosheets‐Based Z‐Scheme Heterostructure with Enhanced Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Photothermal Conversion Efficiency for Photonic Therapy of Cancer
Authors: Kang Yong , Li Zhengjun , Yang Yanli , Su Zhiguo , Ji Xiaoyuan , Zhang Songping
Published: November 2020

A Z‐scheme heterojunction with high separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes and enhanced reduction/oxidation potentials, which can enhance reactive oxygen species generation and photothermal conversion efficiency, exhibits tremendous potential in photonic theranostics. Herein, antimonene nanosheets (Sb NSs) are functionalized with photosensitizer 5,10,15,20‐Tetrakis(4‐hydroxy‐phenyl)‐21H,12H‐porphine (THPP) and a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) modifier. The Sb–THPP–PEG NSs thus fabricated are found to form a Z‐scheme heterojunction structure between Sb and THPP, based on their valence band and bandgap level analysis. The Z‐scheme heterojunction structure enables the Sb–THPP–PEG NSs multiple promising features for cancer therapy. Firstly, due to improved electron–hole pairs separation efficiency and redox potential, new reactive oxygen species •O2− is generated, besides the production of 1O2 by THPP. Secondly, the assembly of THPP enhances the NIR‐light‐to‐heat conversion of Sb NS, a photothermal conversion efficiency as high as 44.6% is obtained by this Sb–THPP–PEG NSs photonic nanomedicine. Moreover, the photothermal, fluorescent, and photoacoustic imaging properties of Sb–THPP–PEG NSs allow multimodal imaging‐guided tumor treatment.
Controlling Light, Heat, and Vibrations in Plasmonics and Phononics
Authors: Cunha Joao , Guo Tian‐Long , Della Valle Giuseppe , Koya Alemayehu Nana , Proietti Zaccaria Remo , Alabastri Alessandro
Published: November 2020

Plasmonic nanostructures have attracted considerable attention for their ability to couple with light and provide strong electromagnetic energy confinement at subwavelength dimensions. The absorbed portion of the captured electromagnetic energy can lead to significant heating of both the nanostructure and its surroundings, resulting in a rich set of nanoscale thermal processes that defines the subfield of thermoplasmonics with applications ranging from nanochemistry and nanobiology to optoelectronics. Recently, phononic nanostructures have started to attract attention as a platform for manipulation of phonons, enabling control over heat propagation and/or mechanical vibrations. The complex interaction phenomena between photons, electrons, and phonons require appropriate modelling strategies to design nanodevices that simultaneously explore and exploit the optical, thermal, and mechanical degrees of freedom. Examples of such devices are micro‐ and nanoscale opto‐thermo‐mechanical systems for sensing, imaging, energy conversion, and harvesting applications. Here, an overview of the fundamental theory and concepts crucial to the modelling of plasmo‐phonon devices is provided. Particular attention is given to micro‐ and nanoscale modelling frameworks, highlighting their validity ranges and the experimental works that contributed to their validation and led to compelling applications. Finally, an open‐ended outlook focused on emerging applications at the intersection between plasmonics and phononics is presented.
Achieving Ultrahigh Output Energy Density of Triboelectric Nanogenerators in High‐Pressure Gas Environment
Authors: Fu Jingjing , Xu Guoqiang , Li Changheng , Xia Xin , Guan Dong , Li Jian , Huang Zhengyong , Zi Yunlong
Published: November 2020

Through years of development, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been demonstrated as a burgeoning efficient energy harvester. Plenty of efforts have been devoted to further improving the electric output performance through material/surface optimization, ion implantation or the external electric circuit. However, all these methods cannot break through the fundamental limitation brought by the inevitable electrical breakdown effect, and thus the output energy density is restricted. Here, a method for enhancing the threshold output energy density of TENGs is proposed by suppressing the breakdown effects in the high‐pressure gas environment. With that, the output energy density of the contact‐separation mode TENG can be increased by over 25 times in 10 atm than that in the atmosphere, and that of the freestanding sliding TENG can also achieve over 5 times increase in 6 atm. This research demonstrates the excellent suppression effect of the electric breakdown brought by the high‐pressure gas environment, which may provide a practical and effective technological route to promote the output performance of TENGs.
Insight into Prolonged Cycling Life of 4 V All‐Solid‐State Polymer Batteries by a High‐Voltage Stable Binder
Authors: Liang Jianneng , Chen Dachang , Adair Keegan , Sun Qian , Holmes Nathaniel Graham , Zhao Yang , Sun Yipeng , Luo Jing , Li Ruying , Zhang Li , Zhao Shangqian , Lu Shigang , Huang Huan , Zhang Xiaoxing , Singh Chandra Veer , Sun Xueliang
Published: November 2020

Polyethylene oxide (PEO) based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are incompatible with the 4 V class cathodes such as LiCoO2 due to the limited electrochemical oxidation window of PEO. Herein, a number of binders including commonly used binders PEO, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and carboxyl‐rich polymer (CRP) binders such as sodium alginate (Na‐alginate) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, are studied for application in the 4 V class all‐solid‐state polymer batteries (ASSPBs). The results show ASSPBs with CRP binders exhibit superior cycling performance up to 1000 cycles (60% capacity retention, almost 10 times higher than those with PEO and PVDF binders). Synchrotron‐based X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), morphology studies and density functional theory studies indicate that, with their carboxyl groups, CRPs can strongly bind the electrode materials together, and work as coating materials to protect the cathode/SPE interface. Cyclic voltammetry studies indicate that CRP binders are more stable at high voltage compared to PEO and PVDF. The stability under high voltage and the coating property of CRP binders contribute to stable cathode/SPE interfaces as disclosed by the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Co L‐edge XAS results, enabling long cycling life, high performance 4 V class ASSPBs.
Improved Asparaginyl‐Ligase‐Catalyzed Transpeptidation via Selective Nucleophile Quenching
Authors: Rehm Fabian B. H. , Tyler Tristan J. , Yap Kuok , Durek Thomas , Craik David J.
Published: November 2020

The use of enzymes for the site‐specific modification of proteins/peptides has become a highly accessible, widespread approach to study protein/peptide functions or to generate therapeutic conjugates. Asparaginyl endopeptidases (AEPs) that preferentially catalyze transpeptidation reactions (AEP ligases) have emerged as enticing alternatives to established approaches, such as bacterial sortases, due to their catalytic efficiency and short tripeptide recognition motifs. However, under standard conditions, a substantial excess of the nucleophile to be conjugated is needed to reach desirable yields. Herein we report a versatile approach to shift the AEP‐catalyzed transpeptidation equilibrium toward product formation via selectively quenching the nucleophilicity of the competing leaving‐group peptide. Our metal‐complexation‐based strategy enables efficient peptide/protein labeling at the N‐ or C‐terminus with near‐equimolar concentrations of nucleophile label. Furthermore, we show that this approach can enhance protein–protein ligation and facilitate the formation of transpeptidation products that are otherwise unattainable.
Crystal structure, chemical nuclease activity, and VHPO mimicking potential of oxovanadium(IV) complexes—A combined experimental and computational study
Authors: Bennie R. Biju , Livingston D. Jim , Joel C. , Jeyanthi D. , Solomon Rajadurai Vijay
Published: November 2020

A series of oxovanadium(IV) complexes [VO(salala)(phen)] (1), [VO(salala)(bpy)] (2), and [VO(napala)(phen)] (3) where salala and napala areN‐salicylidene‐β‐alanate andN‐napthalidene‐β‐alanate, respectively, and phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline and bpy = 2,2′‐bipyridine have been synthesized. The single‐crystal X‐ray crystallographic data of complex 2 reveal that its crystal structure exists in the monoclinic space group P21/a. All the complexes adopted distorted octahedral geometry and are confirmed through various spectral techniques including FTIR, UV–Vis, ESI mass, EPR, molar conductance, and magnetic measurements. To gain insights into the electronic structure of these synthesized complexes, density functional theory calculations have been carried out although UV absorption spectra of these complexes are simulated from time‐dependent density functional theory calculations. The cyclic voltammograms reveal the irreversible and the one‐electron transfer process of the complexes. The chemical nuclease activity of the complexes has also been done on pUC19 DNA. The results show that complex 2 acts as an excellent enzyme mimic of vanadium‐dependent bromoperoxidase involving in the effective bromination of phenol red at room temperature in acetonitrile medium. So investigation on the vanadium complex catalyzed conversion of organic substrates to corresponding brominated products has been a field of active research and found that the complex is certainly a VHPO mimic.
Surveys of recreational anglers reveal knowledge gaps and positive attitudes towards manta ray conservation in Florida
Authors: Pate Jessica H. , Macdonald Catherine , Wester Julia
Published: November 2020

South Florida has a significant number of recreational anglers, and some shore‐based fishing sites overlap with habitat for juvenile manta rays. Although manta rays are prohibited from harvest in Florida, they are frequently seen foul‐hooked or entangled in fishing line.

Recreational anglers (n = 198) were surveyed at piers and inlet jetties in Palm Beach County, Florida, USA to assess their knowledge of and actions and attitudes towards manta rays.

Analysis of the responses revealed that while most anglers could identify a manta ray (66.7%) and expressed no interest in casting at (93.4%) or catching a manta ray (95.5%), they lacked knowledge about threats to mantas, as well as their conservation and protected status. Surveyed anglers overwhelmingly supported manta ray conservation (82.3%) and environmental protection (98.0%).

Results indicate pier and inlet anglers are not using tackle strong enough to land a large ray to remove fishing gear, therefore it is recommended that outreach focuses on preventing recreational fishery interactions with manta rays, encouraging use of environmentally friendly tackle, and fostering engagement with anglers as citizen scientists.

These results can inform the design of outreach materials aimed at closing knowledge gaps and encouraging best practices. Positive attitudes towards the environment and existing neutral behaviours towards manta rays indicate an opportunity to shift the behaviour of shore‐based anglers in this area in support of manta ray conservation.
The dark figure of sexual offending: A replication and extension
Authors: Drury Alan J. , Elbert Michael J. , DeLisi Matt
Published: November 2020

Studies of the dark figure of sexual offending using federal correctional clients reported significant evidence of previously unknown or hidden sexual violence, often among clients with no official criminal history. Unfortunately, research has produced variable estimates of how large the dark figure is. The current study sought to replicate recent studies of federal sexual offenders about the dark figure of sexual offending. We also extended the knowledge base by providing additional correlational analyses to see whether self‐reported and official sexual offending have shared or divergent correlates. Overall, 73.8% of federal sexual offenders reported prior contact victims, which is higher than, but generally consistent with, prior prevalence estimates of 55–69% in studies of federal correctional clients. In the current data, clients convicted of child pornography possession or receipt and who had no official record of sexual abuse nevertheless reported contact sexual offenses in more than 59% of cases.
The prognostic role of C‐reactive protein in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Yanglan , Cong Rong , Ji Chengjian , Ruan Wenhua
Published: November 2020

Background

The prognostic role of the C‐reactive protein (CRP) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been well investigated. This meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic relevance of elevated CRP levels in patients with HNSCC.

Methods

A relevant literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase up to September 1, 2020. The pooled odds ratio and hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied to evaluate the difference in overall survival (OS), progress‐free survival (PFS), and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) between patients with high CRP and those without. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI were used to assess the association between CRP and clinicopathological features.

Results

A total of 17 studies, including 4449 patients, were included. Pooled results showed that an elevated CRP was associated with worse OS (HR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.24‐1.77), CSS (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.38‐2.46), and PFS (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.38‐2.17). Male patients, lymph node metastases, and higher tumor stage were related to elevated CRP level (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.34‐2.09; OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.44‐3.99; OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.12‐1.74).

Conclusion

Our meta‐analysis demonstrated that an elevated pretreatment of CRP indicates poor prognosis in HNSCC. Therefore, CRP is an indicator of the prognosis of patients with HNSCC and can be recommended for assessing prognoses in clinical work.
Comparative nuclear matrix proteome analysis of skeletal muscle cells in different cellular states
Authors: Puri Deepika , Swamy Ch V. B. , Dhawan Jyotsna , Mishra Rakesh K.
Published: November 2020

The nuclear matrix (NuMat) serves as the structural framework for organizing and maintaining nuclear architecture, however, the mechanisms by which this non‐chromatin compartment is constructed and regulated are poorly understood. This study presents a proteomic analysis of the NuMat isolated from cultured skeletal muscle cells in three distinct cellular states— proliferating myoblasts (MBs), terminally differentiated myotubes (MTs), and mitotically quiescent (G0) myoblasts. About 40% of the proteins identified were found to be common in the NuMat proteome of these morphologically and functionally distinct cell states. These proteins, termed as the “core NuMat,” define the stable, conserved, structural constituent of the nucleus, with functions such as RNA splicing, cytoskeletal organization, and chromatin modification, while the remaining NuMat proteins showed cell‐state specificity, consistent with a more dynamic and potentially regulatory function. Specifically, myoblast NuMat was enriched in cell cycle, DNA replication and repair proteins, myotube NuMat in muscle differentiation and muscle function proteins, while G0 NuMat was enriched in metabolic, transcription, and transport proteins. These findings offer a new perspective for a cell‐state‐specific role of nuclear architecture and spatial organization, integrated with diverse cellular processes, and implicate NuMat proteins in the control of the cell cycle, lineage commitment, and differentiation.