bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pushing property limits in materials discoveryviaboundless objective-free exploration
Authors: Terayama Kei , Sumita Masato , Tamura Ryo , Payne Daniel T. , Chahal Mandeep K. , Ishihara Shinsuke , Tsuda Koji
Published: May 2020

Our developed algorithm, BLOX (BoundLess Objective-free eXploration), successfully found “out-of-trend” molecules potentially useful for photofunctional materials from a drug database.
A unified strategy to reverse-prenylated indole alkaloids: total syntheses of preparaherquamide, premalbrancheamide, and (+)-VM-55599
Authors: Roque Jose B. , Mercado-Marin Eduardo V. , Richter Sven C. , Pereira de Sant'Ana Danilo , Mukai Ken , Ye Yingda , Sarpong Richmond
Published: May 2020

A route that has resulted in the synthesis of preparaherquamide, (+)-VM-55599, and premalbrancheamide using a common intermediate is reported.
Exosomes function as nanoparticles to transfer miR-199a-3p to reverse chemoresistance to cisplatin in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Kun , Shao Chu-xiao , Zhu Jin-de , Lv Xin-liang , Tu Chao-yong , Jiang Chuan , Shang Min-jie
Published: May 2020

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequently seen malignant tumor globally. The occurrence of cisplatin (DDP) resistance is one of the main reasons for the high mortality of HCC patients. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and application value to explore the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance. Drug resistance can be modulated by exosomes containing mRNAs, micro RNAs (miRNAs) and other non-coding RNA (ncRNAs). Exosomal miR-199a-3p (Exo-miR-199a-3p) was subjected to extraction and verification. Whether exo-miR-199a-3p could make HCC cells sensitive to DDP in vitro was verified via flow cytometry, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, immunofluorescence assay and Transwell assay. Intravenous injection of exo-miR-199a-3p and intraperitoneal injection of DDP were carried out in vivo. Moreover, the possible targets of miR-199a-3p were screened through bioinformatics analysis, which were ascertained by Western blotting (WB). Then, miR-199a-3p levels in human normal liver epithelial cell line HL-7702 and HCC cell lines HuH7 and HuH7/DDP were elevated in a concentration-dependent manner. Exo-miR-199a-3p has abilities to adjust underlying targets and conjugate cells, to repress cells to invade, stimulate their apoptosis and abate their ability. Additionally, the caudal injection of exo-miR-199a-3p reversed the chemoresistance of tumors and slowed down their growth in the body owing to the up-regulation of miR-199a-3p and down-regulation of underlying target proteins in tumors. Finally, exo-miR-199a-3p was found to overturn the HCC’s resistance to DDP, and it may function in DDP-refractory HCC therapy as an underlying option in the future.
Method for retrieval of atmospheric water vapor using OH airglow for correction of astronomical observations
Authors: Xu J. Y. , Liu W. J. , Bian J. C. , Liu X. , Yuan W. , Wang C.
Published: May 2020

Context. Water vapor in the atmosphere undergoes quick spatial and temporal variations. This has a serious impact on ground-based astronomical observations from the visible band to the infrared band resulting from water vapor attenuation and emission.

Aims. We seek to show how the sky spectrum of an astronomical observation can be used to determine the amount of precipitable water vapor (PWV) along the line of sight toward the science target.

Methods. In this work, we discuss a method to retrieve the PWV from the OH(8-3) band airglow spectrum. We analyzed the influences of the pressure and temperature of the atmosphere and the different water vapor vertical distributions on the PWV retrieval method in detail. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the method was analyzed via Monte Carlo simulations. To further verify the method of PWV retrieval, we carried out cross comparisons between the PWV retrieved from OH airglow and PWV from the standard star spectra of UVES using equivalent widths of telluric absorption lines observed from 2000 to 2016 at Cerro Paranal in Chile.

Results. The Monte Carlo tests and the comparison between the two different methods prove the availability the PWV retrieval method from OH airglow. These results show that using OH airglow spectra in astronomical observations, PWVs along the same line of sight as the astronomical observations can be retrieved in real time.

Conclusions. We provide a quick and economical method for retrieving the water vapor along the same line of sight of astronomical observation in the real time. This is especially helpful to correcting the effect of water vapor on astronomical observations.
Physico-chemical studies of sorption materials based on biomass waste
Authors: Smyatskaya Yulia , Politaeva Natalia , Mukhametova Liliya
Published: May 2020

This article discusses the possibility of using cheap raw materials for the treatment of wastewater from heavy metal ions using residual biomass and agricultural waste (sunflower husk, millet, buckwheat). Residual biomass is formed after the extraction of valuable components from microalgae and duckweed. The authors proposed to modify the sorption material using heat treatment and the introduction of additives, such as chitosan and thermally expanded graphite. Chitosan allows you to get sorption materials in the form of granules, which are convenient to use. The physicochemical properties of sorbents were studied. The sorption capacity for the obtained materials was from 5.0 to 32.0 mg/g.
Sustainable development of territories of traditional environmental management in the conditions of implementation of investment projects
Authors: Pavlova M. B. , Mikhaylova V. In. , Malysheva M. S. , Samsonova I. V. , Semenova L. A.
Published: May 2020

Article is devoted to features of sustainable development of territories of traditional environmental management in the conditions of implementation of investment projects in South Yakutia. The main objective of a research consists in revealing features of sustainable development of the territory of traditional environmental management on the basis of interaction of three sectors of economy. The methodology of a research considers specific internal factors of social and economic development of settlements, a cycle of development of investment projects and gives an idea of economy of northern territories as unity of three sectors – traditional, industrial and state. Methods of the studying and the analysis of statistical documentation included in observations, poll are applied. The principles of sustainable development of territories of traditional environmental management at implementation of investment projects are specified.
Optimization of electric vehicle based on triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Bhamre Sumit , Mali Sainath , Mane Chittaranjan
Published: May 2020

Triboelectric Nanogenerator is a newly invented energy harvesting technology which converts external mechanical energy into electricity based on universally accepted triboelectric principle. In this research paper we have developed an easy way to produce Triboelectric Nanogenerator by using easily available material such as Kapton, Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET Plastic Sheet) and Aluminium Foil unlike more complex material such as Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) used by the core researchers. We have also designed and developed a sheet of Triboelectric Nanogenerator and implemented it on electric vehicle and observed the scavenging of friction energy from rolling tyres and also calculated that how much energy Triboelectric Nanogenerator can produce. This successful demonstration of Triboelectric Nanogenerator on wheel and its theoretical calculations provides a promising solution to scavenging the wasted energy of the vehicle and use this wasted energy to increase the battery capacity and range of electric vehicle.
Petri Net-Based Approach for “Cyber” Risks Modelling and Analysis for Industrial Systems
Authors: Labadi K. , Darcherif A.-M. , El Abbassi I. , Hamaci S.
Published: May 2020

Today, industrial systems are large, complex, and increasingly vulnerable. Specifically, due to the current digital transformation, the industry 4.0 creates crucial cyber-risks and cyber-security challenges. In this context, risk modelling and impact analysis has become a crucial research topic. Based on the formal modelling and performance analysis power of Petri Nets (PN), this paper represents a summary of our methodological approach for “risk” modelling and “impact” analysis of cyber vulnerabilities and / or other critical events. The applicability of the developed approach is demonstrated on a real-life industrial system.
Study of impact of increased number of devotees on indoor environmental quality of heritage temples of goddess Mahalaxmi at Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
Authors: Jadhav Anjali , Kulkarni Sushma , Rege Ashish
Published: May 2020

India has a great cultural heritage of temples across the country. There is a wide variety of temples of variety of deities constructed from East to West and North to South of India. Most of the temples are built centuries ago and still are in good condition and the centre of cultural activities. Mahalaxmi temple precinct is a very old precinct in Kolhapur, built in 8th century by Chalukyan rulers. Every year lacs of devotees are visiting this temple of goddess Mahalaxmi from most of the part of India. The temple is constructed of basalt stone with beautiful intricate carving on it. This paper focus on indoor environmental quality of the temple which is deteriorated due to the impact of increased number of devotees. Some of the devotees face the problem of suffocation, fatigue, fainting, irritation, nasal congestion; as provision of vents are absent and natural ventilation is not available inside the shrine of goddess Mahalaxmi. Due to lack of air exchange and natural ventilation the indoor environmental quality is deteriorated. It is observed that the CO2 level is increased, decreased in O2 level, rise in temperature and humidity above the standard level causing discomfort.
Perinatal Management of Haemophilia
Authors: Streif Werner , Knöfler Ralf
Published: May 2020

The aim of this review is to provide practical guidance for the treatment of carriers of haemophilia and newborns presenting with haemophilia. Both mother and newborn have an increased risk for clinically relevant bleeding. An experienced team should manage genetic counselling, prenatal diagnosis, pregnancy, delivery and the newborn presenting with haemophilia. Published and regularly updated guidelines must guide this team. Vaginal and caesarean deliveries before labour entail a comparable bleeding risk. Haemophilia carriers should receive factor concentrate (FC) at the time of delivery if their factor level is below normal. Evidence remains insufficient to recommend systemic desmopressin and tranexamic acid for the prevention of peripartum haemorrhage. Primary prophylaxis with FC for all newborns with severe haemophilia is not justified. The pattern of bleeding seen in the affected newborns is essentially different from that seen in older children. Estimated frequency of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) is 2 to 3%. Cranial ultrasound is a good screening method for ICH in newborns. Many neonatal bleeds are iatrogenic in origin. The most prominent concerns regarding neonatal factor replacement are the risk for inhibitor development, followed by local bleeding and issues related to poor vascular access. The preference for plasma-derived FC and recombinant FC differs widely between centres and countries. Replacement therapy should be monitored since newborns may require higher doses of FC. Emicizumab, licensed for all age groups since 2019, should not be used in newborns with severe haemophilia A and acute bleeding, although “non-factor” agents are expected to revolutionise haemophilia therapy.
Study of Anomalies Associated With Labiopalatine Clefting
Authors: Choudhury Pradipta Ray , Talukdar K.L. , Sarma J. , Baruah Prabahita
Published: May 2020

Background and aims: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate are the most common congenital malformations of the head and neck accounting for about 65% of all anomalies of this region. Approximately 70% of cleft cases are non-syndromic and occur as isolated condition, while remaining 30% cases are associated with systemic defects involving cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, genitourinary system and other structural anomalies. The purpose of this study is to assess the various anomalies associated with labiopalatine clefting. Materials and methods: Sixty four cases of cleft lip with or without cleft palate attending the OPD of Department of Plastic Surgery and Pediatric Surgery, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, were studied. Among them three cases were found to be associated with other anomalies. Results: One case of cleft lip and palate presented with multiple anomalies like tongue tie, malformed external ear and micrognathia. Another one had acyanotic heart disease associated with cleft lip. A case of cleft lip and palate was also found to be associated with hydrocephalus. Conclusion : Proper knowledge and details of anomalies associated with orofacial cleft will help to provide necessary treatment and improve survival of these children.
Which Pre- and Postoperative Coronal Plane Laxity Parameters Influence Patient Satisfaction and Function after Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty?
Authors: McAuliffe Michael , O'Connor Patrick , Major Lisa , Garg Gautam , Whitehouse Sarah L. , Crawford Ross
Published: May 2020

Soft tissue balancing, while accepted as crucial to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes, is incompletely defined as the subject of broad recommendations. We analyzed 120 computer-assisted, posterior stabilized TKA undertaken for osteoarthritis. Coronal plane laxity was measured, in the 91 varus and 29 valgus knees, prior to any bone resection or soft tissue release, and again after implant insertion. Soft tissue laxity parameters were correlated to the American Knee Society Score (2011) at a minimum follow-up of 12 months with a focus on patient function and satisfaction. Thirteen specific laxity parameters showed a significant correlation to satisfaction, one parameter correlated to function, and another to both functional and satisfaction outcomes. Most correlations were weak, the strongest related to postoperative decreases in coronal plane laxity. Greater preoperative varus but not valgus deformity was associated with higher satisfaction scores. Additionally, 30 patients who reported 40 of 40 satisfaction and that their TKA knee felt normal at all times did not have soft tissue balancing parameters distinguishing them from other subjects. Patient satisfaction and function outcomes demonstrated limited correlation to coronal plane soft tissue parameters. It appears that optimizing TKA satisfaction and function is not as simple as producing a narrow range of coronal laxity parameters. The ongoing debate around optimal coronal plane alignment and its subsequent effect on coronal plane soft tissues may not be as independently important as currently argued. Soft tissue balance may need to be considered as a more complex global envelope.
Impact of Parkinson's Disease on Complications, Readmission Rates, and Costs of Care following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Marchand Kevin B. , Vakharia Rushabh , Sodhi Nipun , Anis Hiba , Salem Hytham S. , Scuderi Giles R. , Mont Michael A. , Roche Martin William
Published: May 2020

Large-scale studies evaluating the effects of Parkinson's disease (PD) on primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine if PD patients undergoing primary TKA have increased: (1) medical complications; (2) implant-related complications; (3) readmission rates; and (4) costs. A query was performed using an administrative claims database. The study group consisted of all patients undergoing primary TKA who had a history of PD. Matched non-PD patients undergoing primary TKA served as a control group. The query yielded 72,326 patients (PD = 18,082; matching cohort = 54,244). Pearson's chi-square tests, logistic regression analyses, and Welch's t-tests were used to test for significance between the cohorts. Primary TKA patients who had PD were found to have greater incidences and odds of medical complications (4.21 vs. 1.24%; odds ratio [OR]: 3.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.15–3.89, p < 0.0001) and implant-related complications (5.09 vs. 3.15%; OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.51–1.79, p < 0.0001) compared with the matching cohort. Additionally, the rates and odds of 90-day readmission were higher (16.29 vs. 12.66%; OR:1.34, p < 0.0001) and episodes of care costs were significantly greater ($17,105.43 vs. $15,252.34, p < 0.0001) in patients who had PD. Results demonstrate that PD patients undergoing primary TKA had higher incidences of medical and implant-related complications. They also had increased 90-day readmission rates and costs compared with controls. The findings of this study should be used in risk stratification and should inform physician–patient discussion but should not be arbitrarily used to deny access to care.
Energy and protein requirements of crossbred Holstein × Gyr calves fed milk with milk replacer containing increasing dry-matter concentrations
Authors: Jolomba M. R. , Silva A. L. , Veloso C. M. , Azevedo R. A. , Coelho S. G. , Campos M. M. , Machado F. S. , Marcondes M. I.
Published: May 2020

Context
There is a lack of studies concerning the nutrient requirements of dairy calves, mainly, evaluating different genetic groups.

Aims
The objective was to quantify energy and protein requirements of dairy calves up to 60 days, testing the influence of genetic composition (Holstein or crossbred Holstein × Gyr) on these requirements.

Methods
The study involved 42 bull calves (3 days of age), including animals with less than 15/16 Holstein composition (considered crossbred) and animals with more than 15/16 Holstein pedigree (considered purebred). Six calves were slaughtered at the start of the experiment to estimate the initial body composition of the animals. Of the remaining animals, four formed the maintenance group (fed 3 L/day of raw milk), and the other 32 were distributed into four treatments, which consisted of 6 L/day of raw milk, with increasing DM contents of 13.5%, 16.1%, 18.2% and 20.4% respectively. The DM contents were corrected for adding milk replacer to the raw milk. All animals had free access to starter feed and water. Digestibility trials were conducted at 28 and 56 days of life, with total faeces collection being performed for 5 days and urine collection for a period of 24 h. At 60 days of life, the animals were slaughtered to determine their body composition.

Key results
Net energy requirements for maintenance and metabolisable energy requirements for maintenance were 57.6 and 86.8 kcal/(empty bodyweight, EBW)0.75.day respectively. The efficiency of utilisation of metabolisable energy for maintenance was 66%. Net energy requirements for gain (NEg, Mcal/day) can be estimated by the following equation: , where EBG is empty body gain (kg/day) and EBW is in kilograms. The efficiency of utilisation of metabolisable energy for gain was 27%. The metabolisable-protein requirement for maintenance was 3.22 g/EBW0.75.day. Net protein requirement for gain (NPg, g/day) can be estimated by the following equation:, where RE is retained energy (Mcal/day). The efficiency of utilisation of metabolisable protein for gain was 59.1%.

Conclusions
Genetic group does not affect energy or protein requirements of pre-weaned calves. The estimates presented here can be used to calculate nutrient requirements of pre-weaned calves aged up to 60 days.

Implications
Inclusion of milk replacer in the liquid feed had a negative impact on diet quality.
Solar photocatalytic removal of arsenic from polluted water using carbon-modified titanium oxide nanoparticles supported on activated carbon
Authors: Alfarawati Radwan Kh. , Shaban Yasser A. , Turki Adnan J. , Kavil Yasar N. , Zobidi Mousa I.
Published: May 2020

Environmental contextContamination of water resources with arsenic is a serious environmental problem requiring efficient, viable and environmentally safe As removal processes. This study reports an arsenic remediation strategy using carbon modified titanium dioxide supported on activated carbon as a photocatalyst. The study highlights a practical process for efficient remediation of As-contaminated water under natural sunlight.
AbstractCarbon-modified titanium oxide nanoparticles supported on activated carbon (C-TiO2/AC) were synthesised by the sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-vis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to characterise the crystal structure, surface morphology, and optical properties of the C-TiO2/AC nanoparticles. The performance of C-TiO2/AC was evaluated towards the photocatalytic oxidation of AsIII in simulated and real wastewater under illumination of both artificial UV and natural sunlight. Compared with activated carbon (AC), pure TiO2 and carbon-modified titanium oxide (C-TiO2), the combination of carbon modification of TiO2 and activated carbon (C-TiO2/AC) significantly enhanced the photocatalytic oxidation rate of AsIII. Complete removal of arsenic (2.66ppm) from wastewater was attained by using C-TiO2/AC after 150min under illumination of natural sunlight. However, the removal efficiency was declined remarkably to 58.4 and 37.3% for C-TiO2 and pure TiO2 respectively. The highest removal rate of AsIII was achieved at the optimised conditions of 1.0g L−1 of C-TiO2/AC and a solution pH of 9.
Productive and morphological features of sheep determined by biophysical methods
Authors: Afanasyev M A , Skorykh L N , Kovalenko D V , Omarov A A
Published: May 2020

The main trend in sheep breeding is a steady increase in the volume of mutton production which determines the increasing demand for meat and wool. The development and application of effective methods for increasing and improving meat productivity is relevant. Biophysical methods used in animal husbandry is of interest. One of the methods is the impact of low-intensity laser radiation. Biophysical methods used in animal husbandry can activate biological reserves and realize the genetic potential of productive qualities. At the same time, it is necessary to consider morphological features of sheep exposed to low-frequency infrared laser radiation. The article studies quantitative and qualitative indices of meat productivity, the degree of internal organs development, and the chemical composition of muscle tissues. Intergroup differences in young sheep exposed to low-frequency laser radiation were found. Positive changes in the degree of internal organs and systems development in animals exposed to low-intensity infrared laser radiation were identified. They indicate the intensity of metabolic processes in the body, the positive productivity dynamics.
The determination of quantitative-temporal characteristics of attracting repair personnel in the event of mass failures in rural distribution electric networks
Authors: Efanov A V , Khorolsky V Y , Zhdanov V G , Bogatyrev N I , Bukreev A G
Published: May 2020

The paper considers the possibility of using a numerical solution of a system of differential equations describing a delay queuing system. At the same time, to determine the required number of repair personnel, a three-phase queuing system is used, each phase of which represents a certain stage of servicing the requirements for eliminating the failure. Such a system is used in case of mass failures in rural distribution electric networks, for example, in natural emergencies. The criterion for choosing the optimal number of repair personnel for each phase of a multiphase queuing system is not to exceed the specified service waiting time by a request, which is accepted at the level of 30% of the average service time for this phase. An algorithm has been developed that uses the results of a numerical solution of a system of differential equations describing a queuing system and allows determining the point in time when this criterion is violated. For a given point in time, the queuing system changes are an increase in the number of service personnel, and the queuing system is calculated with new parameters, but using the boundary conditions received from the previous queuing system. The developed algorithm has been implemented in software and results are obtained on the required number of repair personnel for the input parameters of the queuing system, obtained from the processing of statistical information on the operation of rural distribution electric networks.
Methods and results of research of the press extruder mixer-dosing unit
Authors: Konovalov V , Novikov V , Gretsov A , Mishanin A
Published: May 2020

The article describes the design and technological scheme of the press-extruder mixer-dosing unit. The research of the dosing device for feeding the initial mixture into the press extruder is given. The results of the experiment were obtained as a result of realization of the experimental research plan. The equations of regression, which allow to determine the possibility of changing the amount of feed of the initial mixture into the press extruder and the power consumption depending on the design and regime parameters of the dozer, are given. Results of processing of models of power consumption and productivity depending on design and regime parameters are presented in the form of two-dimensional sections. Based on the results of the research and their analysis, the following methods of metering capacity adjustment and energy saving trends were determined.
Multilayered destruction of a soil layer
Authors: Petunina I A , Rudnev S G
Published: May 2020

One of the main tasks of agriculture of the Russian Federation today and for the near future is transition to the modern economically effective technologies demanding the new approach to agriculture with application of modern scientific solutions and a new generation of agricultural machinery. The analysis of scientific research has shown that cultivation of grain crops to 40% of resource potential is for the technological process of processing of soil, and the share of machining of soil, for example, in wheat crop, is 14%. In a context of the previously mentioned, soil processing should be done to receive the necessary quality of processing, to reduce a power consumption, to increase development of cars. Optimum quality destruction of the soils, a demanded turn of a layer etc. is probably provided in advance, forcing a soil layer to move on the set trajectory on ploughshare-mouldboard surfaces, a plough or on ploughshare non-mouldboard tools. Thereupon carrying out profound scientific research of interaction of working bodies with soil for the purpose of modernisation and designing of such working bodies of soil-cultivating tools, which allow receiving the set agrotechnical indicators of processing of soil with the minimum expenses, is actual.
The pattern recognition problem solution using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Tokarev K E , Rogachev A F , Tokareva Yu M , Rudenko A Yu , Zelyakovskiy D V , Chernyavsky A N
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the issues of theoretical and applied modeling based on convolutional neural network in the field of agricultural production. In particular, the specificity of convolutional neural network is considered, its model, architecture and layers are presented. Possibilities of its use for the solution of problems of recognition and classification of images are revealed. In addition, it was found that the convolutional neural network differs from the usual perceptron in that each neural layer is not connected to all the neurons of the previous layer, but only to a part of it. In networks of this type, a small matrix is used for the convolution operation, which moves along the processed layer with a certain offset step. For the first layer, this matrix moves across the input image. After each shift, a signal is generated to activate the neuron of the next layer and from the corresponding position. As a result of studying the problems of image recognition using electronic computers, the possibilities of machine learning as a method of recognizing an object in an image that characterizes each object with a set of features are revealed. In addition, the author reveals the specifics of using the convolutional neural network mathematical apparatus as a model for image recognition, which consists in using an array of data describing the image and applying the method of error back propagation.
On estimation of cloudiness characteristics and parameters of DOAS retrieval from spectral measurements using a neural network
Authors: Postylyakov O V , Nikitin S V , Chulichkov AI , Borovski A N
Published: May 2020

Light scattering by clouds significantly affects the values associated with the content of NO2, H2CO and other small gases in the lower troposphere, which are obtained by the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique. Since there are a large databases of optical observations of trace gases by DOAS technique that are not accompanied by other measurements of clouds, the development of approaches to the refinement of scattering characteristics and coefficients linking the DOAS slant column depth with the gas vertical content directly from spectral measurements remains an important task. The paper considers the tasks of determining the coefficient F used for transformation of the DOAS slant column depth of a gas to its vertical column from quantitates obtained from ZDOAS measurements (the O4 slant column, the color index, the absolute intensity, etc.). It was shown in numerical experiments that an algorithm based on a neural network can estimate the coefficient F in cloudy conditions. It looks like the better approach that two step estimation of this parameter using a neural network for estimation of cloud characteristics in the first step with the following radiative transfer simulation at the second step.
Classifying Wastes Using Random Forests, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine and Multilayer Perceptron
Authors: Hanbal Ibrahim F. , Ingosan Jeffrey S. , Oyam Neal Arden A. , Hu Yafeng
Published: May 2020

As the population of the Philippines increases in size, so does the amount of garbage that it generates. A lot of this garbage is not properly segregated when dumped andmany citizens are not aware of the effects of unsegregated garbage which leads to them simply disposing mixed waste in dump sites. A method to help classify garbage can help address this issue. This paper presents a comparison of the efficiency of four commonly used machine learning models, Random Forests, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines and Multilayer Perceptron in classifying biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste. The data used for training and testing was collected from various sources and then augmented to increase the size of the dataset resulting in 15,000 images of biodegradable and non-biodegradable trash used for training. The four models were trained using the K-Fold cross validation technique with the dataset being split ten times. The results indicate that the four models were able to achieve a relatively high accuracy in classifying images of biodegradable and non-biodegradable trash with the Random Forests, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines and Multilayer Perceptron models achieving an accuracy of 97.49%, 81.46%, 89.51% and 96.44% respectively.
Prediction of fatigue life of suspension parts of the semi-trailer in the early stages of design
Authors: Vdovin D , Levenkov Y , Chichekin I
Published: May 2020

Cargo delivery by trucks is a main method of transportation of goods to the cities and other places. Many goods are transported by articulated lorries. Thus, improving the design methods of the articulated lorries is relevant. Trailer suspension is the object under study. A fatigue life prediction of the trailer suspension components is a urgent task at the early stage of design concept development. The formation principles of the MBD model is essential in obtaining best results. In this paper two types of models are considered: containing only the rigid bodies; containing the flexible bodies. Research objective: the investigation of the effect of the load distribution that was obtained using different MBD models on the durability of suspension parts. A comparison of the results obtained using the different suspension models was performed. The research has shown that loads are reducedusing the flexible bodies in the MBD model. Using flexible bodies permits to specify the results of the durability analysis.
Mathematical modelling of torque vectoring differentials
Authors: Ankinovich G , Verzhbitski A , Antonyan A
Published: May 2020

Active safety systems which distribute forces between the wheels are an integral part of a modern vehicle. The vast majority of systems are based on the brake systems, and reducing engine power, which certainly reduces the vehicle speed. However, the needs of car owners are constantly changing, there is a need for devices capable of ensuring the distribution of traction between the wheels without having to reduce speed. With this task perfectly cope with the main transmission containing the mechanisms of power distribution (MPD). Power distribution mechanisms have a greater impact on vehicle handling. More often meet term, Torque Vectoring Differential (TVD). They began to be used for the first time since the mid-1990s, and found their application in sports cars, and then in executive cars. The described main gears are an integral part of dynamic stabilization systems. During the vehicle development, these systems are developed and investigated using mathematical modeling methods. Therefore, the paper describes the design, operation principle and kinematic design of the most common. The equations systems describing the dynamics of the links and the mechanism as a whole are also composed. The mathematical modeling of vehicles equipped with TVD is modelled.
Evaluation of Grounding System Values with Grid Type on 150 Kv in Batu Besar Substation, Batam
Authors: Ervianto E , Marpaung N L , Amri R , Zarniadi W
Published: May 2020

Generally, electrical fault occurs in substations, such as phase-to-ground short circuit. The fault currents flowing in Grounding System with Grid-Type can cause voltage gradient different on ground points around substation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Grounding System Values with Grid-Type whether meets standard, and protect somebody who is walking around substation or touching equipment stung of 150Kv electric in Batu-Besar Substation, Batam. Grounding System with Grid-Type needs to be evaluated every certain period to get Touch Voltage and Step Voltage that meet safety and security standard of IEEE Std 80-2013. The research method is to collect parameters ρ,ρs,hs,A,LT,h, which calculated using formula of Resistance Value, Touch Voltage, Step Voltage of Grounding System with Grid-Type. Then, analyzing and comparing of these data are performed based on results of calculation using the IEEE Std 80-2013. From results of this research, Resistance Value is 0.62Ω, 737.65V and 2,458.43V are Touch Voltage and Step Voltage of Grounding System Values with Grid-Type respectively, based on 0.5second interruption duration with somebody’s body weight of 50kg. The Evaluation results show that Grounding System Values with Grid-Type, meet the standard of IEEE Std 80-2013 for somebody who has weight 50kg in Batu-Besar Substation, Batam.
Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square to Determine the Correlation of Factors Affecting Poverty in Indonesian Provinces
Authors: Ardi Noper , Isnayanti
Published: May 2020

Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is a multivariate statistical technique to analyze the pattern of relationships between latent variables (unobserved) with indicator variables (observed). One aspect that can be solved by SEM is poverty. Poverty is a major problem in economic development in developing countries like Indonesia. The problem of poverty can also be seen from the dimensions of education and health. This research uses SEM model with Partial Least Square (PLS) approach on poverty data in all provinces in Indonesia based on 2015-2017 Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) data with latent variables of poverty, education, economy, and health. The results show that there is an indicator of latent educational variables that must be excluded from the model because it has a loading factor value > 0.5. The results of the outer model evaluation with Convergent Validity, Composite Reliability (CR), and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) show significant and reliable values that mean the indicators used can explain latent variables well. The SEM-PLS inner model evaluation results can be known from the value of R-Square (R2) through the bootstrapping stage with 500 sample cases. R-square value for Economics is 0.751 means the model can explain variations of Economy in poverty cases in the Provinces of Indonesia at 75.1%, Education at 0.583 or 58.3% and the poverty model at 0.645 or 64.5%. The structural model for poverty cases in Indonesia in 2015-2017 is obtained Poverty = -0.548 Health - 0.085 Education + 0.128 Economy. The relationship of the poverty model shows that if poverty in Indonesia increases, the health of poor households and Education in Indonesia will decrease by 0.548 and 0.085 units respectively, whereas if poverty in Indonesia increases, the economy of poor households will increase by 0.128 assuming looking at the indicators that form latent economic variables.
Preventive Maintenance Scheduling for Shifter Machine in Flour Mills
Authors: Wahyukaton
Published: May 2020

PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk, Divisi Bogasari Flour Mills is one of biggest food factory especially for producing flour. In this flour mills division has several machines which are composed from several components, so that the maintenance division has to keep all the machines in a good performance. The factory has three shifter machines which were composed 3 critical components which are motor, bearing, and shifter and they were experienced 133 breakdowns in the last 6 months in 2019. The maintenance was conducted by determining a Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) value and conducted a preventive maintenance. The calculations result showed for 3 critical components were motor has a replacement interval time at 781 hours (day 98th) with the availability value was 0, 99914, bearing has a replacement interval time at 994 hours (day 124th) with the availability value was 0, 999255, and shifter has a replacement interval time at 575 hours (day 72nd) with the availability value was 0, 998729.
Analysis of socio-technical approach and Socio User Experience Network Analysis (SNA) to address objections ergonomic loom in the village of Lumban Suhi-Suhi
Authors: Huda L N , Giffari A F
Published: May 2020

Technological change is a good thing, but not necessarily be accepted by users. There are several factors that can cause rejection of the technology by a community. This paper aims to present a socio-technical analysis of rejection looms with ergonomic design in the village of Lumban Suhi-Suhi, Samosir Island and efforts should be made so that the tool can be accepted by the community. To achieve this objective, conducted a socio-technical approach using Socio Network Analysis (SNA) and the analysis of User Experience (UX). Data on the UX include effectiveness, efficiency, ease of use, usability, satisfaction, and attractiveness used to assess the performance of looms and looms ergonomic long as a technical comparison. While the relationship between the individual craftsmen were also collected to determine the most influential figures in the environment craftsmen as materials for SNA. The results showed that there are some gaps UX values between the two types of tools. Recommended strategy is to change the seat backrest ergonomic loom and perform social approach on three key figures in the community.
Risk Assessment User Interface Design’s by using Object Orientation Programming Approximation in Wooden Toys Industry
Authors: Mutiasari M , Tanjung MT W N , Parwati N , Purwandari A T , Islamiah U W
Published: May 2020

Supply chain is a group of companies that work together to create and deliver products to end users [7]. Whereas supply chain risk is defined as an imbalance between demand and supply. Supply chain disruptions can cause various problems such as length of waiting time, out of stock, inability to meet customer demand, and rising costs [1]. If supply chain risk occurs, it will certainly cause material and non-material losses. To anticipate this loss, proper supply chain risk management is essential. In this study, the author developed [11] research entitled “Risk Management Analysis Using FMECA and ANP Methods in the Supply Chain of Wooden Toy Industry”, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019 “The development carried out by the author is” Risk Assessment User Interface Design’s by using Object Orientation Programming Approximation in Wooden Toys Industry” aims to build information systems so that users more easily determine the greatest risk in the company and can minimize the impact of risks that may occur so that it is more effective and efficient . There are 6 risk factors with 25 risk variables from the data questionnaire results [11] and the biggest risk factor is eviroment with marcoeconomic variable risk of 518, 778.
Oxide composite fibers with quasiplastic components and composites with brittle matrices on their basis
Authors: Kiiko V M
Published: May 2020

By the internal crystallization method oxide composite fibers containing high-strength sapphire and hexaaluminates of calcium, lanthanum or barium are obtained. The presence of “weak” planes in the layered structure of hexaaluminates provides cracks inhibition. The dependences of the ultimate strain (strength) of the fibers of these compositions on the length are obtained. The positive effect of such fibers was evaluated on composites with brittle matrices of recrystallized molybdenum and nickel-aluminum intermetallic. The fracture toughness of composite materials with such fibers significantly exceeds the fracture toughness of composites with sapphire fibers. The composites were tested in the temperature range of 20– 1400 °C and showed non-brittle behavior under load, and their strength and fracture toughness correspond to the requirements for structural materials of this kind. The structure of fibers and composites was also studied by electron microscopy.
Atomic force microscopy and Mössbauer spectroscopy of magnetically active silicone elastomers
Authors: Valiev H H , Cherepanov V M , Karnet Yu N , Minaev A Ja , Stepanov G V
Published: May 2020

Elastomeric silicone composites with ferromagnetic filler are investigated. The distribution of carbonyl iron filler in the polymer matrix by scanning electron microscopy is visualized. Using atomic force microscopy the magnetostrictive characteristics of these materials are established. 57Fe nuclei hyperfine parameters of the iron filler atoms in the composites are determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The influence of the filler microparticles restructuring in external magnetic fields on the composites properties is discussed. The prospects for creating new materials and devices based on the characteristics of such magnetically active elastomers are revealed.
Tribological tests of micro-arc oxidation coatings in environmentally safe lubricants
Authors: Malyshev V N , Poches N S , Dörr N
Published: May 2020

This study is devoted to wearing resistance of MAO-coatings formed on aluminum alloys 2024 (Al-Cu-Mg) and 7075 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) at the friction in pair with steel 100Cr6 in environmentally safe lubricants and represents a generalization and analysis of tests’ results. Investigations were conducted using two methods: reciprocating sliding on the “ball-on-disk” friction scheme and unidirectional sliding on the “pin-on-disk” friction scheme. As environmentally lubricants were used some base oils like polyalphaolefin (PAO), polyethylene glycol (PEG), Silicon Oil, perfluorinated polyether (PFPE) and diisotridecyl adipate ether (DITA). Tests on the first friction scheme allowed us to determine the maximal value of load for investigated friction pairs and tests on the second friction scheme showed their antifriction properties in different lubricants and in the mode of the greasing starvation. There was revealed that MAO-coatings formed on alloy 7075 at high contact pressures demonstrate a friction coefficient lower than on alloy 2024. Some problems of the used “pin-on-disk” scheme is discussed also for improving the tests’ results data.
Application of magnetic units for intensification of water treatment
Authors: Golubev I A , Suprun I K
Published: May 2020

The article investigates the main problem of the standard water treatment system which requires high consumption of reagents and the need to systematically select the optimal dosage (depending on the changeable environmental conditions). The proposed technology of magnetic-reagent treatment of water allows intensifying the stage of reagent treatment. With the implementation of this technology the costs for the reconstruction of the object will not be significant. Bench and test-industrial tests at oil contaminated and drinking water treatment facilities showed the effectiveness of the proposed method, caused by a decrease in time of gravitational separation of coagulated globules and a reduction in the reagent consumption. It is shown that the proposed technology can be considered both as an upgrade of existing water treatment stations operating under a typical scheme, and in the design of new facilities.
Effects of hydrodynamic impact on water from the viewpoint of cluster theory. Surface tension
Authors: Kashkina L V , Rubleva T V , Alekseenko I V , Bolshunova Yu V
Published: May 2020

Variation of surface tension coefficient σ of distilled water under high-energy impact (hydrodynamic cavitation) was studied by the ring separation method. Force impacts on surface tension of water have been studied experimentally. Conditions have been found under which the surface tension coefficient σ decreases to 20%. The paper explains the produced results on the basis of cluster theory of water structure. The experimentally produced relaxation time of the surface tension of cavitation-activated distilled water to initial value has been found to be 3.5 hours.
Modeling and experimental study of an ion source with a weakly diverging ion beam
Authors: Obukhov V A , Mogulkin A I , Peysakhovich O D , Kozhevnikov V V , Nigmatzyanov V V , Svotina V V
Published: May 2020

An ion source was developed for transporting space debris to the disposal orbit by acting on such objects with an intense ion beam injected from a “service” spacecraft. The ion source differs by weakly diverging ion beam, radio-frequency inductive discharge, and a three-electrode slit ion-extraction system with quasi-Pierce geometry.
Concentration of particulate matter in the surface layer of the atmosphere of the village of Drokino (Krasnoyarsk territory)
Authors: Zavoruev V V , Zavorueva E N
Published: May 2020

Measurement of temperature, pressure and concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5) in the surface layer of the atmosphere of the village of Drokino was performed using the CityAir air monitoring station. Air pollution occurs due to the burning of brown coal in the stoves of rural houses in winter. Air pollution is caused by smoke from forest fires in the summer of 2019. The average annual concentration of PM2.5 in 2019 was 31 μg/m3 and exceeded the hygiene standard by 1.24 times. It was shown that the concentration of PM2.5 increases with increasing atmospheric pressure and lowering air temperature. It was established that the PM2,5 concentration exceeds 3.00-4.49 times the hygiene standard established for the atmosphere of populated areas during periods of anticyclone.