bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Progressive Criminal Law View Regarding Criminal Liability In Robotic Crimes
Authors: Ni Gusti Agung Ayu Mas Tri Wulandari
Published: November 2023

Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 telah banyak menghasilkan inovasi teknologi canggih (advanced technology). Salah satu hasil teknologi canggih hasil Revolusi Industri 4.0 yang banyak digunakan dalam Society 5.0 adalah teknologi robotik. Di luar tren penggunaan robot dan dampak positifnya, robot ternyata juga dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif. Robot dapat menjadi sarana, bahkan pelaku kejahatan. Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada pandangan hukum pidana progresif terhadap pertanggungjawaban pidana dalam kejahatan robotik. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu Tiga pendekatan pertanggungjawaban dapat diterapkan yakni melalui proportional, strict, dan direct liability. Melalui kerangka hukum yang jelas mengenai pertanggungjawaban pidana akibat kejahatan robot, hukum menjadi responsif terhadap perkembangan zaman yang dicirikan dewasa ini. Selain itu, hukum juga dapat berfungsi sebagai "rekayasa sosial" di mana mendorong badan hukum atau para pembuat Al untuk lebih berhati-hati dan jeli membangun sistem agar sistem AI yang menjadi basis penting dalam pembuatan robot tidak menyebabkan robot bertindak yang dapat menyerang, melukai, atau membahayakan pihak lain.
Proses Produksi Pesan Media Sosial WhatsApp Terhadap Eksistensi Diri Dan Solidaritas Pengguna
Authors: PRATIKTO RIYODINA , Kholil  , Titi Widaningsih  , Jamalullail
Published: November 2023

Kemajuan teknologi, khususnya teknologi komunikasi sangatlah pesat. Salah satunya adalah dengan hadirnya media baru, berupa media online dan media sosial, yang berdampak pada perubahan cara berkomunikasi di masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui proses produksi pesan pada pengguna media sosial, khususnya WhatsApp (WA),  dengan menggunakan teori sifat/karakter, conversational narcissism, argumentativeness, dan social & communicative anxiety. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma konstruktivisme.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dan metode studi kasus, sumber data primer dan sekunder. Data diperoleh melalui observasi terhadap anggota aktif salah satu grup WA,  sedangkan wawancara dilakukan kepada ‘pak lurah’ WAG, dan 5 orang anggota pengurus ikasma3bdg’82, serta melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sifat seseorang dapat tercermin melalui pesan-pesan yang diproduksinya. Pesan yang diproduksi terutama oleh pengguan WAG menghasilkan sifat eksistensi diri para pengguna WAG. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari sifat yang selalu menonjolkan kemampuan dirinya, selalu ingin mendominasi pembicaraan, dan sebagainya. Sifat kedua yang muncul dari proses produksi pesan adalah sifat solidaritas yang dimiliki oleh para pengguna WAG. Sehingga sifat solidaritas ini mampu mempertahankan keharmonisan sesama pengguna WAG.

Kata Kunci: Produksi pesan, Sifat pengguna, WAG
CALIDAD DE VIDA LABORAL: UN ESTUDIO CON VARIABLES CATEGÓRICAS
Authors: GALVÁN CORRAL ALBERTO , HINOJOSA RODRÍGUEZ CARLOS JESÚS , QUIROZ CAMPAS CELIA YANETH , MURILLO FÉLIX CECILIA AURORA
Published: November 2023

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar el nivel percibido de la Calidad de Vida Laboral (CVL) en personal de cinco organizaciones mediante comparaciones con variables categóricas; el diseño fue cuantitativo, no experimental transversal y causal; se aplicó un cuestionario de CVL, la versión final integró cuarenta y cuatro reactivos distribuidos en cinco dimensiones: dirección y liderazgo, identidad, moral, motivación y satisfacción laboral, cuenta con una escala de respuestas de tipo Likert de seis puntos; participaron 297 trabajadores de cinco organizaciones de un municipio del sur del estado de Sonora, México, el muestreo fue por conveniencia. Además, se recopiló información categórica del encuestado: sexo, edad, antigüedad en la organización, estado civil, si tienen o no hijos, y escolaridad; el análisis fue mediante modelos de regresión lineal con variable predictora categórica y 10,000 repeticiones de Bootstrap; como variables dependientes se emplearon la CVL y sus cinco dimensiones, todos los coeficientes de los modelos fueron evaluados mediante un nivel de significación de 0.05, se formularon pruebas de validez y confiabilidad con base a las respuestas del instrumento, en cuanto a la validez se formuló la prueba de validez por grupos contrastados, la confiabilidad de evaluó mediante consistencia interna mediante el coeficiente Omega de McDonald, ambas se realizaron en el programa SPSS versión 24, mientras que los modelos en el programa Eviews versión 10.  En los resultados destacan: el personal femenino percibe un mayor nivel de calidad de vida laboral que el masculino, esto es consistente en las dimensiones dirección y liderazgo, motivación y moral; en cuanto a las dimensiones identidad y satisfacción laboral no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas; las personas con hijos reportan un menor nivel de calidad de vida laboral en relación a quienes no los tienen, así como en las dimensiones a excepción de la dimensión moral donde no se encontraron diferencias significativas; el grado de escolaridad influye positivamente en el nivel de percepción de la calidad de vida laboral y sus dimensiones; la antigüedad en la organización (agrupada) solo influye de forma significativa en las dimensiones moral, motivación y satisfacción laboral, a mayor antigüedad del personal, menor nivel de CVL; la edad (agrupada) solo influye en la motivación, a mayor grupo etario menor nivel de motivación.
Validation of Ablation and Thermal Response Model for Three-Dimensional Multifunctional Ablator
Authors: Chen Yih-Kanq , Gökçen Tahir
Published: November 2023

A semi-empirical physics-based ablation and thermal response model was developed for the 3-Dimensional Multifunctional Ablative Thermal Protection System (3D-MAT) material. Model validation was achieved through comparison between computation and available data obtained in the arc-jet test series, which were conducted at NASA Ames Research Center from 2014 to 2020. The charring ablator simulations for arc-jet test models presented in this work were computed by the Two-Dimensional Implicit Thermal Response and Ablation (TITAN) code, and the Data-Parallel Line Relaxation Method (DPLR) code was used for arc-jet flow simulations to estimate the arc-jet stream total enthalpy and define the aerothermal boundary conditions over the test model surface for TITAN simulations. Because of low surface catalytic efficiency of 3D-MAT char, the exact surface heating could not be determined. Thus, three different types of boundary conditions, including 1) fully catalytic surface heating, 2) noncatalytic surface heating, and 3) surface temperature and recession, were used in the TITAN simulation for model validation. The predicted surface and in-depth temperature history for arc-jet test models were compared with pyrometer and thermocouple data, and the predicted test model surface recession and char depth were compared against the posttest measurements.
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI BAHAYA TERHADAP PETUGAS PEMADAM KEBAKARAN KOTA BANJAR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS
Authors: Kurnia Galuh Firman , Aristriyana Eky , Hilman Maman
Published: November 2023

Sumber dari kecelakaan kerja salah satunya yaitu kurangnya manajemen. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya manajemen keselamatan kerja guna mengubah masalah pada petugas pemadam kebakaran, dimana manajemen keselamatan kerja merupakan upaya meminimalisir kecelakaan kerja. Job Safety Analysis yaitu cara agar mengetahui resiko pada suatu kegiatan yang sedang berjalan. Job Safety Analysis ini dilaksanakan agar menghapuskan bahaya bagi K3 di perusahaan.

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melalu 4 tahapan. Kesatu, pilihlah suatu kegiatan yang akan dianalisa. Kedua menjabarkan suatu kegiatan. Ketiga, mengetahui ancaman bahaya terhaap kegiatan tersebut. Keempat, memberikan upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian kecelakaan kerja.

Observasi ini dilaksanakan agar mengetahui potensi bahaya di lingkungan kerja Petugas Pemadam Kebakaran Kota Banjar dan menilai cara kerja yang berpotensi menimbulkan kecelakaan kerja. Hasil observasi ini untuk mengetahui dan memberikan masukan kepada Petugas Pemadam Kebakaran Kota Banjar agar terwujudnya zero accident di tempat kerja.
WHEN IS A CRYPTOCURRENCY TRANSFER INTERNATIONAL IN DISTRIBUTED LEDGER TECHNOLOGY-BASED SYSTEMS?
Authors: Ripley Burcu Yüksel
Published: November 2023

This paper addresses the issue of command liability for severe criminal offenses committed by means of autonomous and semi-autonomous weapons. Research has shown that the leading military forces around the world are intensively working on designing autonomous weapons, which will provide them an enormous tactical ad logistical advantage in warfare. As the national and international law concept of command responsibility to date has been based on the idea of humans selecting and ordering the destruction of targets, the author raises the question of whether this has also created a set of legal norms that could adequately regulate such situations in the context of new warfare techniques. The first section of the paper briefly outlines the direction of the development of autonomous weapons. The second section analyzes the provisions on command responsibility of the Rome Statute and the Statute of the ad hoc tribunals for Yugoslavia and Rwanda. The national legislation of some countries and the significant jurisprudence in this field is also analyzed and projected into the context of semi-autonomous and autonomous warfare. A special emphasis is placed on the issue of unconscious negligence. The objective of the paper is to indicate the legal gaps and to propose guidelines for future development.
INDIVIDUAL CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF NON-STATE ACTORS OPERATING IN CYBERSPACE FOR WAR CRIMES UNDER THE ICC STATUTE
Authors: Gabrielli Giulia
Published: November 2023

Contemporary armed conflict has witnessed an increased employment of digital technologies in the conduct of hostilities. While there is broad consensus on the full applicability of the rules and principles of international humanitarian law (IHL) to the “fifth domain” of warfare, many issues remain debated. More specifically, digital technologies allow a wide range of actors other than States – such as individuals, “hacktivists”, criminal groups, non-State armed groups – to play a role in the hostilities and engage in cyber operations that have the potential of harming civilians or damaging civilian infrastructure and that may amount to serious violations of IHL. Against this backdrop, this paper seeks to examine the legal grounds upon which hostile cyber operations carried out by non-State actors (NSAs) could constitute war crimes, thus entailing their individual criminal responsibility under international law. Hence, the analysis will focus on the applicability of the war crimes provisions of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) to such operations, with a view to identifying the prerequisites necessary to trigger the ICC’s jurisdiction. To this end, the first part will focus on the increased involvement of NSAs in the conduct of hostilities by cyber means, taking the recent conflict between Russia and Ukraine as a pertinent case study. Subsequently, the paper will explore the conditions necessary for the application of Article 8 of the ICC Statute, with special attention devoted to those aspects that are deemed particularly problematic in light of the participation of NSAs in armed conflict. Finally, the paper seeks to highlight the limits of possible future investigations of cyber conducts possibly amounting to war crimes. These encompass not only issues of admissibility, but also the statutory limits of the Rome Statute when it comes to war crimes provisions applicable to noninternational armed conflicts.
DEEP DIVE INTO THE MEDIA WORLD OF YOUTH
Authors: Mikrut Nađsombat Martina , Tomičić Ivna
Published: November 2023

The emergence of internet technologies and social media platforms has affected all aspects of life, especially among younger generations. In this new media world of social media, for stakeholders dealing with the 15–24-year-old population it is important to understand how to communicate and engage with them. Using a combination of qualitative/quantitative research methodology, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive, descriptive view of the values, perception, and behaviour of youth (15–24) in Croatia when it comes to digital media channels and especially social media. Research results confirmed that social networks, messaging services and browsing internet are the dominant activities of young generation. YouTube, Instagram, and Facebook are the most popular social network, and principals in content creation are authenticity, customization, and interactivity. These results should serve as a basis for communication strategies within this target audience. And since the way young use social networks and create/consume content changes daily, legal framework should follow.
A panacea for environmental pollution: A review on role of biosurfactants in bioremediation
Authors: Dhanasekaran Arun , Kannabiran Krishnan
Published: November 2023

Environmental contamination is growing on daily basis, even though numerous corrective measures have been in practice but still it remains to be a major concern for protecting natural environment, ecosystem and well-being of living systems. Bio products and surface active substances derived from microorganisms and plants are having multiple roles in the environmental protection and cleaning. The amphiphilicity of biosurfactants (BS) causes hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions to come into contact with one another, changing the interfacial and surface tension between them. This phenomenon makes the recalcitrant pollutants more bioavailable and helps the microorganisms to degrade them easily. Additionally, the non-toxic, biodegradable and pH and temperature tolerance of biosurfactants make them better candidates for bioremediation. BS including rhamnolipids, surfactins, saponins and sophorolipids are extensively used for several environmental applications. BS are also used in various nanotechnological applications. BS mediated nano materials and agents are finding enhanced environmental applications than nanoparticles/ materials. This review highlights the numerous environmental issues addressed by using various biosurfactants as well as the methods and mechanisms adopted for the effective degradation and removal of hazardous pollutants.
An overview on spray pyrolysis deposition of metal oxide thin films
Authors: Soonmin Ho , Naser Ahmed
Published: November 2023

This work provided an overview on the synthesis of metal oxide thin films on different types of substrates (soda lime glass, fluorine-doped tin oxide glass, silica glass, stainless steel, quartz, silicon and microscopic glass slide) using spray pyrolysis method. The fundamentals, advantages and limitations of this method have been described. Experimental results indicated that the properties of films were strongly depending on the specific process parameters (nozzle type, distance between nozzle and substrate, solvent type, solution flow rate, precursor concentration, compressed air pressure, spray time and substrate temperature). It was noted that deposition temperature could control the surface chemical composition based on the experimental results. The presence of amorphous or polycrystalline structure could be observed for the films prepared at different deposition times as indicated in XRD studies. The obtained films indicated excellent absorption coefficient value (104 to 105 cm-1) and high transmittance value (more than 82 %) in the visible and infrared portion.
Strategies to reduce the environmental lifetimes of drinking straws in the coastal ocean
Authors: James Bryan , Sun Yanchen , Izallalen Mounir , Mazumder Sharmi , Perri Steve , Edwards Brian , de Wit Jos , Reddy Christopher , Ward Collin
Published: November 2023

Degradability in natural environments is a growing design requirement for consumer plastics. However, data on their biodegradation rates and environmental lifetimes in the coastal ocean are lacking, limiting informed engineering and regulatory decisions. Single-use drinking straws, a common marine litter relevant to key stakeholders, exemplify this. To fill this knowledge gap, commercial drinking straws made of cellulose diacetate (CDA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), paper, polylactic acid (PLA), and polypropylene (PP) were incubated for 16 weeks in a flow-through seawater mesocosm and monitored for degradation and microbial community composition. CDA, PHA, and paper straws reduced in mass by up to 50%, projecting environmental lifetimes of 7-15 months in the coastal ocean. PP and PLA showed no measurable mass loss. Lifetimes depended on the material and dimensions of the straw, demonstrating the need to balance function and degradation properties. The materials that biodegraded exhibited unique microbial communities driven by chemical structure, whereas those materials that were persistent exhibited similar communities despite substantial differences in chemical structure. To reduce the persistence of drinking straws, we hypothesized that changing product form (i.e., surface area), not just material, can reduce their environmental lifetimes. To test our hypothesis, we evaluated the biodegradation of a prototype foamed CDA straw. Its specific surface degradation rate was 190% faster than its solid counterpart, resulting in a shorter projected environmental lifetime than the paper straws. Our findings provide the initial constraints of the environmental lifetimes of several commercial drinking straws and identify strategies to design next-generation bioplastic consumer products with reduced persistence.
Leveraging Halogen Interactions for a Supramolecular Nanotube
Authors: Fisher Sergey , Malaspina Lorraine , Martinez Cristian Gozálves , Prescimone Alessandro , Balmohammadi Yaser , Grabowski Simon , Šolomek Tomáš
Published: November 2023

Supramolcular nanotubes in a single crystal were produced from halogenated macrocycles by balancing hydrogen bonds and halogen interactions. A new iodinated macrocycle was prepared, crystallized, and a bonding analysis was performed to evaluate the nature and strength of the involved type I I…I interactions and C=O…I halogen bonds.
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and Tourism Firms' Survival in the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: A Case Study of Daklak Province, Vietnam
Authors: Tan Bui Ngoc , Niem Le Duc
Published: November 2023

Purpose:  This paper aims to analyze the entrepreneurial situation during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on firms in the tourism sector. Specifically, we seek to identify factors that belong to the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (EE) of Dak Lak province, supporting entrepreneurial firms' survival during the COVID-19 pandemic.
 
Theoretical framework:  We applied the EE model developed by Isenberg (2011) to the province of Dak Lak, where we analyzed the effects of EE on the ability of new businesses in the community-based tourism sector to withstand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
 
Design/methodology/approach:  We conducted a survey of 206 entrepreneurs, of whom 108 are entrepreneurs in the tourism sector or communities-based tourist destinations. These surveyed entrepreneurs participated in two startup contests the Dak Lak Province organized in 2018 and 2020.
 
Findings:  It was found that the COVID-19 pandemic particularly devastated small businesses in the travel and tourism sector. In addition, only two components of EE provide relief to these companies: FINANCE and CULTURE. Without a doubt, microcredit, loans, and debt refinancing funds, as well as the general liquidity of the financial market, help young businesses stay afloat. Additionally, the community's culture of risk-taking, failure acceptance, success-seeking, and lofty aspirations underpins their attempt to keep the business afloat during difficult times.
 
Research, Practical & Social implications:  We suggested that Dak Lak province develop its EE by upgrading its elements as soon as possible to cope with future crises.
 
Originality/value:  This study gives a new direction on the specific approach to improve the EE of a province of Vietnam and shows ways for better performance of the EE.
 
Conclusion: We found that FINANCE and CULTURE components play a positive role in assisting early-stage tourism firms. Specifically, the availability and accessibility of the financial market, including micro-credit, support entrepreneurial firms in maintaining their operation. In addition, the culture of tolerance of risks and failure, efforts for success, and high ambition is the basis for the action of entrepreneurs to continue their businesses.
Türkiye’deki Hookeria (Hookeriaceae) Türleri Üzerine Notlar
Authors: ERATA Hüseyin , BATAN Nevzat
Published: November 2023

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’den daha önce kaydı verilmiş olan Hookeria cinsine ait Hookeria acutifolia ve Hookeria lucens türleri, herbaryum örnekleri üzerinden morfolojik olarak incelenmiş ve karakteristik özellikleri resimlenmiştir. Türlerin Türkiye’deki güncel durumu, dağılımı, teşhis anahtarı ve ekolojileri detaylı olarak sunulmuştur.
Application of Research-Based Quality Control Circle in Setting a New Management Model and Complete Standardized Care for Continuous Bladder Irrigation After TURP
Authors: Tian Qiao , Zhang Xichen , Luo Meixia , Zhu Guoying , Yu Tianyi , Zhao Zhengping
Published: November 2023

Objective: To explore the application of research-based quality control circle in setting a new standardized nursing management model for continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) surgery, and to provide theoretical basis and evidence-based support for standardizing the nursing management model of continuous bladder irrigation after TURP in the Department of Urology. Methods: A quality control circle was established, focusing on the existing common problems of continuous bladder irrigation. The methods include implementing appropriate measures and other steps, and comparing the incidences of bladder spasms and urinary catheter obstruction, patient satisfaction, nurses’ awareness of relevant knowledge, nurses’ operational satisfaction, number of liquid pours (6000ml per flush), and number of open exposures before and after the activity. Results: Through this quality control circle activity, the incidence of bladder spasms in patients dropped from 42% to 14.3%; the incidence of urinary catheter obstruction dropped from 36% to 12.2%; patient satisfaction increased from 82% to 95.9%; nurses’ knowledge awareness rate increased from 74.2% to 96.8%; nurses’ operational satisfaction increased from 80.6% to 96.8%; the above differences are statistically significant (P < 0.05). Moreover, the number of flushing liquid pours reduced from 5 times to 1 time, and the number of open exposures reduced from 5 times to 0 times. Circle members have improved their application of quality control circle methods, team spirit, and professional knowledge. Conclusion: The research-based quality control circle is suitable for setting a new standardized nursing management model for continuous bladder irrigation after TURP.
Використання соціальних медіа як інструменту сучасної гібридної війни
Authors: Kuchmii Olena , Frolova Oksana
Published: November 2023

Сучасна архітектури безпеки формується під впливом низки нових чинників і загроз, серед яких найбільш небезпечними виступають гібридні війни, важливою рисою яких є активне використання інформаційних методів протиборства, що передбачають ситуативне поєднання різних засобів ведення інформаційної війни, проведення інформаційно-психологічних операцій, здійснення пропагандистських кампаній, а також сучасних технологічних досягнень, зокрема, технологій штучного інтелекту, для здійснення масштабних атак, протистояти яким стає дедалі складніше. Найбільш динамічним простором протистояння акторів міжнародних відносин нині виступають соціальні медіа, що відкривають унікальні можливості для здійснення масштабних, комплексних, багатовимірних транскордонних кібернетичних та інформаційно-психологічних атак як на держави та державні інститути, так й на окремих осіб. До основних переваг використання соціальних медіа відноситься масштабність охоплення аудиторії, доступність, швидкість поширення інформації, анонімність, можливість обміну великими масивами даних, відсутність географічних або змістових обмежень. Метою статті є дослідження теорії і практики використання соціальних медіа як ефективного інструменту гібридної війни у сучасному світі.

Враховуючи актуальність даної теми, у статті розглянуто основні характеристики соціальних медіа з позиції їх використання у гібридних війнах, проаналізовано найбільш поширені способи, методи і прийоми використання соціальних медіа у гібридному протиборстві, визначено специфіку застосування «соціальних кібератак», «астротурфінгу», інтернет-тролінгу. У науковій праці також представлено аналіз використання соціальних мереж і месенджерів у гібридній війни РФ проти України на прикладі YouTube та Telegram та показано, як російські пропагандистські ЗМІ використовують їх для збільшення аудиторії та спрощення донесення маніпулятивної та брехливої інформації до споживачів як у самій Росії, так й в Україні та світі.
Avaliação da Relação Demanda por Água e Disponibilidade Hídrica do Rio Acre Frente ao Crescimento Populacional do Município de Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil
Authors: Montefusco Carolina de Lima Accorsi , Cruz Wilians Montefusco da , Tamwing Daniela Silva , Serrano Rodrigo Otávio Peréa , Moreira José Genivaldo do Vale
Published: November 2023

O rio Acre é um manancial de fundamental importância para a população de Rio Branco, pois é por meio dele que é realizada a captação de água para abastecimento da cidade. O presente estudo avaliou o comportamento da dinâmica entre a demanda e oferta hídrica frente ao crescimento populacional até o ano de 2040. Estimou-se a demanda por água com base em dados censitários do IBGE e do SNIS, utilizando respectivamente, a população futura, por meio de projeção aritmética, e o consumo per capita de água para a cidade com valor de 160 l/hab.dia. Quanto à disponibilidade hídrica, estimou-se as vazões mínimas entre 2020-2040 com base nos dados fluviométricos da ANA entre 1970-2020, em um modelo de regressão linear. Comparando-se a demanda com a disponibilidade hídrica, segundo a vazão de referência Q90, observou-se que o manancial possui vazão suficiente para atender até 2040. Sendo assim, foi estudado o volume de captação pela concessionária a fim de compreender os problemas enfrentados pela população, principalmente na época de estiagem, como racionamento e desabastecimento. Verificou-se que o sistema capta baixos volumes de água, na ordem inferior a 8% da vazão disponível pelo manancial. Enquanto isso, em 2023, a demanda representa cerca de 50% do volume de água captado. Assim, o atual entrave se encontra na fase de distribuição de água, assim sugere-se que sejam adotadas melhorias ao atual sistema de abastecimento da cidade, a fim de entregar à população um serviço de boa qualidade, uma vez que é um bem fundamental à vida.
Overcoming the challenges of using automated technologies for public health evidence synthesis
Authors: Hocking Lucy , Parkinson Sarah , Adams Avery , Molding Nielsen Emmanuel , Ang Cecilia , de Carvalho Gomes Helena
Published: November 2023

Many organisations struggle to keep pace with public health evidence due to the volume of published literature and length of time it takes to conduct literature reviews. New technologies that help automate parts of the evidence synthesis process can help conduct reviews more quickly and efficiently to better provide up-to-date evidence for public health decision making. To date, automated approaches have seldom been used in public health due to significant barriers to their adoption. In this Perspective, we reflect on the findings of a study exploring experiences of adopting automated technologies to conduct evidence reviews within the public health sector. The study, funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, consisted of a literature review and qualitative data collection from public health organisations and researchers in the field. We specifically focus on outlining the challenges associated with the adoption of automated approaches and potential solutions and actions that can be taken to mitigate these. We explore these in relation to actions that can be taken by tool developers (e.g. improving tool performance and transparency), public health organisations (e.g. developing staff skills, encouraging collaboration) and funding bodies/the wider research system (e.g. researchers, funding bodies, academic publishers and scholarly journals).
IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE CURRENT ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE IN MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PHYSICS
Authors: Khrapiichuk Halyna , Chalyi Alexander
Published: November 2023

Training medical specialists is an urgent issue for the overall development of a social and legal state. The purpose of the article is to determine the quality methods of teaching medical and biological physics, in particular, the use of the latest technologies for the current assessment of students’ knowledge during practical, laboratory and seminar classes. The relevance and feasibility of using mobile learning tools are analyzed, taking into account the modern requirements of the educational process, when the teacher must be ready to conduct classes even in extreme conditions, when all participants in the educational process cannot gather in a predetermined place. The work is devoted to reviewing tests created in Google Forms for regular and systematic checking of future doctors' progress in the discipline of Medical and Biological Physics in face-to-face and distance learning. The experimental and scientific base of the study is the Bogomolets National Medical University. The created tasks were tested on students pursuing higher medical education at the Faculties of Medicine, Dentistry and Medical-Psychological Faculty. The convenience of using mobile phones and tablet personal computers to check the current performance of students motivates teachers to self-education and improve their pedagogical skills. The results obtained can be useful both for the teacher in preparing for classes with students and for higher education students, who will have a realistic assessment and, if necessary, will be able to adjust their educational work to improve their academic achievements.
OPEN EDUCATIONAL PLATFORMS FOR THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS OF SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS AND TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Naumova Viktoriia , Bulvinska Oksana
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of studying the professional development of teachers of science and mathematics education and technology in the conditions of martial law. The purpose of the article is to characterize open educational platforms for the professional development of teachers of science and mathematics education and technology. These platforms include: the social project «Coaching for Ukraine» created by the AcademyOcean team, which operates with the support of the state; training courses for teachers on the Prometheus+ platform; professional development courses on the Iteacher platform; the Ukrainian educational online portal for teachers «Na urok»; the educational project «Vseosvita»; and the online education studio Educational Era (EdEra). The experience of the Institute of Postgraduate Education of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, where instructors have developed and implemented original training courses for teachers with different levels of digital competence, is highlighted. It is emphasized that the professional development of teachers with the active use of open educational platforms takes place in accordance with the principles of open education. It has been found that the content of the in-service training of teachers of science and mathematics education and technology in the context of the use of digital tools in the educational process contributes to the renewal of the organization of the educational environment of a general secondary education institution in a remote mode, highlights the features of the learning process organization of students in synchronous and asynchronous modes. It has been proven that the use of digital tools by a teacher is closely related to his digital competence, which needs attention from the professional development system.
THE PROBLEM OF ADULT EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND: PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Yaremchuk Maria
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the pedagogical discourse of the problem of adult education in the Republic of Poland. Adult education is considered from the point of view of a holistic life as a process of adult development. It is shown that the functions and goals of adult education have changed over the years. However, adult education was not noticed at the formal level, despite its existence. In fact, the development of adult education in the Republic of Poland began with the rapid development of technology and science, as well as with the changes occurring in socio-economic relations. In the Republic of Poland, the most significant concepts of adult education appeared during the crisis of the feudal economy and the need to provide assistance to the Polish state in restoring Poland’s independence. In those days, education was dominated by the goals of patriotic education combined with the solidarity of workers. In our time, there is an extremely rapid development of science and technology, changes in socio-economic relations, which force people to continuously improve their qualifications. Polish researchers of adult education identify 4 main tasks of optimal professional behavior of a modern employee: attention to qualifications; gaining professional experience; preservation of professional flexibility; health care Adult education takes place in accordance with the following types of educational activities: formal education; non-formal education according to a certain program; informal learning and improvement without reference to a specific curriculum or scope of content; informal learning as any type of activity without a previously developed program and under any circumstances.
DISSOLUTION OF PARLIAMENT IN PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEMS. INNOVATIONS IN THE LEGISLATION AND POLITICAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Zaznaev Oleg I.
Published: November 2023

The institution of parliamentary dissolution is necessary to resolve the conflict between the parliament and the government. The dissolution of parliament results from a vote no confidence to the government, as well as it happens in cases prescribed by law. One of the most common options is the dissolution at the initiative of the prime minister to create advantages for the ruling party in early elections. The article highlights new trends in the development of the institution of parliament dissolution. One of them is the rarer use of dissolution to overcome the crisis in the relationship between the branches of government. The author argues that parliament dissolution is gradually turning from an institution of subjective discretion of the prime minister and government into a legal way to resolve deadlocks in the political process. This goal is served by the constitutional and legal restrictions on dissolution, which are widespread in the legislation of many parliamentary countries. The author notes that today there is a constitutionalization of the dissolution institute with the simultaneous depoliticization of that institution, namely, the narrowing of the freedom of choice of actors, primarily the prime minister. At the same time, in contemporary parliamentary systems, there is a different amount of dissolution legislative restrictions. The author analyzes such a kind of restriction on dissolution as the introduction of a fixed date for elections to the parliaments of Great Britain and Canada. The article claims that in practice this restriction does not lead to the weakening of the prime minister’s power of dissolution. It is concluded that despite innovations in the development of the parliamentary dissolution institution, the parliamentary system remains flexible, making it possible to use dissolution as a mechanism for resolving political differences
ON COLONIAL PREREQUISITES OF FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Zakharov Andrei А.
Published: November 2023

The article considers those elements of federal statehood that in the early 1960s went to the newly independent Nigeria from the outgoing British colonialists. It follows from the analysis undertaken by the author that this legacy was twofold. On the one hand, thanks to the federal scheme developed and implemented by the ex-metropolis, it is still possible to maintain the integrity of the once conditional socio-political space, now called Nigeria; on the other hand, the federation created by London turned out to be nationalterritorial, that is, initially burdened with a lot of congenital defects and potential risks. By endowing each of the three dominant ethnic groups in Nigeria – Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba, and Igbo – with their own federating entity in the face of the Northern, Western and Eastern regions and thereby fusing together the ethnos and territory, the former metropolis built into the foundations of the federal building being built prerequisites for a powerful ethnic conflict. After independence, which took place in 1960, this conflict broke to the surface; it destabilized Nigeria throughout the existence of the First Republic of 1960- 1966, almost destroying the federation, provoking the secession of Biafra and the bloody civil war that followed. To the full extent, the consequences of the British federal experiment of Nigeria have not been overcome so far; that is why their study is important
Factors Associated with Prolonged Parturition
Authors: Pardosi Maida
Published: November 2023

In Indonesia, the mortality rate for mothers and babies is increasing; one of the causes is prolonged labor. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with prolonged labor events. This type of research is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional research design.  The study population was all mothers giving birth to as many as 252 people, with a sample of 72 randomly taken. The research instrument uses a checklist sheet. The data used is secondary data obtained from medical records and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using a test that squares. The results showed that based on the age factor with prolonged labor, p-value = 0.018, parity factor with a long struggle, p = 0.001, and the birth weight factor for babies with a long work, p-value = 0.005. Based on this statement, it was obtained that the value of p < α where α = 0.05 means that there is a significant relationship between age, parity, and birth weight of the baby to long labor. Based on the study's results, it was concluded that the baby's age, equality, and birth weight are related to the incidence of prolonged labor
Sonographic changes in ovary after use of tamoxifen in breast cancer.
Authors: Aakash Ramchand  , Ghulam Haider  , Abdul Rehman  , Ahra Sami  , Nargis Aalam Abro  , Shumaila Nawaz Khan  , Khadijah Abid
Published: November 2023

Objective: To assess the sonographic changes in ovary after tamoxifen use in BC patients presenting at tertiary care hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Study Design: Quasi-experimental Investigation. Setting: Department of Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center’s. Period: June 2022 to April 2023. Material & Methods: The study targeted all female subjects aged between 25 to 65 years who were identified with hormone receptor-positive BC and had undergone TMF management at a dose of 20 mg/day. Preceding to the instigation of the treatment, the subjects underwent sonographic examination of the ovaries, and the changes were evaluated after 6 months. The presence of sonolucencies exceeding the diameter of 30mm, was regarded as ovarian cysts. SPSS version 23 was used for the statistical analysis of the obtained data. Results: This study’s findings imply that the population under investigation had a mean age of 37.94 years (±7.56), while 25.59 kg/m2 (±5.82) was the mean body mass index (BMI). In terms of the duration of use of TMF, it was reported that 47.7% of participants used it for one year or less, whereas 52.3% used it for more than one year. Among the 107 patients with breast cancer (BC), 11.2% developed ovarian cysts following the use of TMF, while 88.8% did not show any evidence of ovarian cysts on sonography. Furthermore, the grade of breast cancer showed a strong association with the occurrence of ovarian cysts, as evidenced by the p-value of 0.035. Conclusion: The consumption of TMF by patients with breast cancer may lead to the growth of ovarian cysts. The grade of breast cancer was found to be significantly linked with the incidence of ovarian cysts, suggesting that higher-grade tumors may have a greater impact on the ovaries.
Heterosis Effects in Crinkled Leal. Heterozygotes in Gossypium arboreum L.
Authors:   Assitant Cotton Coimbatore, V SANTHANAM
Published: November 2023

The inheritance of crinkled leaf '-a new abnormal mutant spotted as a rogue in the seventh generation of an inter-racial cross in G. arboreum L. viz. indicum s cernuum was reported carlier (Balasubrahmanyan and Santhanam, 1951). This type which was characterised by abnormal leaf crinkles, gave monofactorial inheritance in crosses with normal-leaved parents. The F.1 exhibited partial dominance for leaf crinkling with intermediate grades of crinkled leaves and the F.2 segregated in the ratio of. 1:2:1 respectively for normal, F. 1 and crinkled phenotypes. Both the parental classes bred true in the F. 3 while the intermediates' again threw out the three phenotypes in the ratio of 1:2:1. It was sought to study heterosis effects, if any, in a segregating population drawn from the crinkled leaf crosses, as the three geno- types were morphologically distinguishable here.. In wheat, Granhall (1949) utilised a similar advantage in recognising heterozygous half- bearded plants in a population for the beardness factor and found that the heterozygotes in the F.2 were on an average more, vigorous than the beardless' and bearded', parental class of segregates.
Rice Production in Japan
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, MITSUI Dr. SHINGO
Published: November 2023

The Coimbatore Agricultural Institue had recently the privilege of hearing, under the auspices of the Students' Club on the 25th August, a lecture on Rice Production in Japan by Dr. Shingo Mitsui, Professor of Plant Nutrition, in the Tokyo University. The lecture was a model of brevity, clarity and completeness and it reviewed in a masterly manner how Japan, in the course of the last sixty years, succeeded in doubling her rice production, from 4-5 million to 9-5 million tons at present. This achievement was possible, first by a widespread system of mass education, coupled with a high level of scientific training to the gifted few, next by a systematic and steady progress in improving the methods of rice culture, including fertilisers, and thirdly by a systematic development of the fertiliser industry by which organic manure like compost, soybean cake and green manures, were replaced by heavy dosages of inorganic fertilisers like ammonium sulphate, and superphosphate. A fourth reason was the thoroughness with which the results of research were made available to the farmers, by an efficient and widespread extension service. For instance, more than 90 per cent of the rice varieties grown by the average Japanese farmer, were improved seeds. Rice varieties that showed definite responses to fertiliser applications, that were more resistant to insect and disease attack, and those that were more tolerent to cold, have been systema- tically tested over many years and systematically distributed to the farmers. Even in the northern-most parts of Japan, where the winter temperatures fall below 30° C, they could grow rice during the summer months, by using the cold-tolerant varieties,
Soil Surveys in Madras
Authors:   Government Agricultural Chemist,Coimbatore, M SANYASI RAJU , P KUNHIRAMA MENON ,   Assitant Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore
Published: November 2023

Soil surveys are essential to study the condition of the soil so that it can be classified on the basis of its productive capacity to, determine ways and means of improving its usefulness. Realising the importance of soil surveys many of the advanced countries in the world, particularly the U. S. A., have surveyed the soils classified and codified them and then prepared soil maps to give guidance to farmers in the proper management of their soils. Unfortunately such information is not available on an extensive scale in India. It is, therefore, essential to undertake soil surveys in India on a systematic basis.
Progress of Pulses Improvement Work in Madra
Authors:   Assitant Pulses , Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Coimbatore 3, V SRI SRINIVASAN , K Sni JAYABHIMA RAO ,   Assitant Pulses , Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,Coimbatore 3
Published: November 2023

Pulses form a group of food grains which play an important role in the Indian diet, especially in Madras, which is predominantly a rice-consuming State. They form the chief source of protein food to vegetarians and to the poorer classes who cannot afford the higher cost of animal protein. The pulses which are, important in the Madras State are redgram, greengram, blackgram, horsegram and Bengalgram. The pulse grain is mostly consumed by human beings, while the by-products such as broken grains, husk, chaff otc., are fed to cattle. Apart from their food value the cultivation of these crops increases the fertility of the soil in which they are grown, as the atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by the bacteria present in their root nodules. In spite of their importance, work on their improvement has not received the attention they deserve. The total area of all the pulses in Madras is about 3 million acres with a production of about 2-9 lakhs tons of grain. The average consumption of pulses in the State is about 5-8 lakhs of tons, which works out at the rate of 1 oz. per day per adult. Dr. Aykroyd has suggested that every adult should consume a minimum of 3 oz, of pulses a day to have a balanced diet. Even for the consumption of 1 oz. per day the production in the State is not sufficient, and as much as 50% of the requirements is met by imports from other States. The following table shows the acreages, production, consumption and deficit under each pulse in the Madras State.
A Note on the mealy Bug - Pseudococcus virgatus Cockerell, on Gliricidia maculata H & B and its Control
Authors:   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, S Dn. KRISHNASWAMY , K.R NAGARAJA RAO ,   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: November 2023

Mealy bugs belong to the family Coccidao' a category which includes some of the most serious pests of crops, ornamental plants and particularly of fruit trees also. As implied in the name, most of the species are provided with a mealy covering all over their body. The life history and habits in general are briefly as follows. The full grown females are mostly stationary, fixing themselves more or less permanently to their feeding spots on their host plants. The eggs are extruded below the body of the female. The uymphs hatch out in due course, crawl about upto a certain stage of their development and in their turn establish themselves in suitable parts. The adults and young are provided with needle-like mouth parts with which they pierce the plant tissue and suck up the juice. They occur in small groups or colonies, invariably on the tender and succulent shoots, but a good many forms are also found on other parts of the plants, like the stem, fruits, etc. The damage caused by the bugs is often serious, since the heavy drain on the coll sap would naturally reflect on the health of the host, if not kill it outright.