bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Integration Model of Agricultural Products E-Commerce and Supermarket Based on the Internet of Things
Authors: Yu Qin , Nie Hui , Li Ziyuan
Published: June 2022

As a new technology that is driving the transformation of third-party industry and continuing to grow, Internet of Things (LOT) technology has been widely used in social and socioeconomic life and has had a profound impact on human creativity and life. The integration of agricultural products e-commerce and supermarkets based on the Internet of Things is slowly rising like a bright star. As the foundation of a national economy, after years of growth, agriculture is facing challenges such as reduced economic opportunities, lack of resources, and excessive production models, and there is an urgent need for a healthy new generation of information technology in agriculture. This thesis discusses the LOT and the circulation model of agricultural products and studies the integration model of agricultural products e-commerce and supermarkets based on the LOT. This article proposes the system framework of this model and conducts an empirical analysis of the system through experiments to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this model in practical applications. Experimental results show that the average total profit of offline supermarkets is 684,000, and the average total cost is 4.149 million. The average total profit of online platforms is 902,000, and the average total cost is 7 million. The average total profit of the online and offline integration model is 828,000, and the average total cost is 6.527 million. Compared with traditional supermarket sales, the online and offline integration model has higher profits. Although the total profit is not as good as the online model, the quality of agricultural product distribution is far better than the online model, and consumer satisfaction is higher.
[Retracted] Divergent Analyses of Genetic Relatedness and Evidence‐Based Assessment of Therapeutics of Staphylococcus aureus from Semi‐intensive Dairy Systems
Authors: Aziz Sidra , Saeed Nahla Muhammad , Dyary Hiewa Othman , Ali Muhammad Muddassir , Abbas Rao Zahid , Rehman Aziz ur , Mahmood Sammina , Shafique Laiba , Sarwar Zaeem , Khanum Fakhara , Zaheer Tean , Ashfaq Khurram , Alvi Mughees Aizaz , Shafeeq Muhammad , Saleem Arslan , Aqib Amjad Islam
Published: June 2022

Use of antibiotics without following standard guidelines is routine practice in developing countries which is giving rise to genetic divergence and increased drug resistance. The current study analyzed genetic divergence and drug resistance by S. aureus and therapeutic efficacy of novel antibiotic combinations. The study revealed that 42.30% (minimum 20%‐maximum 70%) of milk samples are positive for S. aureus. Study also revealed seven SNPs in the S. aureus nuc gene (c.53A>G, c.61A>G, c.73T>C, c.93C>A, c.217C>T, c.280T>C, and c.331T>A). Local isolates Staph‐2 and Staph‐3 were closely related to Bos taurus nuc gene (bovine S. aureus), while Staph‐1 was closely related to Homo sapiens (human S. aureus) indicating shifting of host. Change of two amino acids and staphylococcal nuclease conserved domain was observed in all local isolates of S. aureus. The isoelectric points predicted by protParam of Staph‐1, Staph‐2, and Staph‐3 proteins were 9.30, 9.20, and 9.20, respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of S. aureus presented highest resistance against penicillin (46.67%) and glycopeptide (43.33%). When a single antibiotic regimen was adopted in a field trial, the highest efficacy was reported in the case of oxytetracycline (80%) while lowest was presented by azithromycin. Among antibiotics’ combined regimen, the highest efficacy (80%) was presented by gentamicin with oxytetracycline: cefotaxime with vancomycin; and ciprofloxacin with vancomycin. The current study concluded rising percentages of S. aureus from dairy milk, proofs of genetic host shifts, and altered responses of in on field therapeutics.
[Retracted] Research on Sino Japanese Comparative Literature from the Perspective of Sustainable Ecological Environment
Authors: Fang Quan
Published: June 2022

Objective. This study promotes the comparison and research of Chinese literature and Japanese literature from the perspective of the ecological environment of sustainable development. Methods. This study analyzes and compares the differences in the literary cultures of different countries. After the analysis, it is found that the literary culture has never been solid and conservative. We should look at the national literary culture and national differences from the perspective of development. Results. The results show that in the research of Chinese and Japanese comparative literature from the perspective of a sustainable ecological environment, it is found that through the comparison and analysis of concept differences, thinking differences, behavior differences, and language differences in Chinese and Japanese comparative literature, it can be seen that Chinese literature has a more far‐reaching impact on national quality education than Japanese literature, which is more progressiveness and has a reference value. Conclusion. The analysis and research of Chinese and Japanese comparative literature cannot be underestimated in promoting the development and progress of the country, and it can provide a good foundation for promoting the establishment of a bridge of friendly exchange between Chinese and Japanese nationalities so as to shorten the distance between each other.
Evaluating Congestion Management of Power System considering the Demand Response Program and Distributed Generation
Authors: Zakaryaseraji Maede , Ghasemi-Marzbali Ali
Published: June 2022

With increasing the energy demand, the optimal and safe operation of power systems is the main challenge for engineers. Thus, a technique for the optimal implementation of demand response programs (DRPs), installation of distributed generation (DG) with power transmission distribution factors, and DC dynamic load flow is presented in this paper. In fact, finding the optimal time execution of DRPs and the bus for installing wind units with its probabilistic effects is considered. In this model, the congestion is decreased and the available transfer capability (ATC) rates are significantly improved. According to various types of price-based DRPs, the customers motivate to change their utilization models by shifting the price of electricity at different times. Finally, the proposed model is evaluated on the well-known IEEE 39-bus New England power system. The numerical results show the efficiency of the proposed method because, after its application, the available transmissibility values in the critical buses have significantly increased. At the same time, system peak loads, total system costs, and losses are reduced, and the voltage profile also shows a significant improvement. Totally, numerical results demonstrate that using the recommended algorithm, system loss and cost decrease by 9 percent and $4472.
Effectiveness of Multidisciplinary Nursing Based on Fever, Blood Sugar, and Swallowing Function Management in Patients with Acute Stroke
Authors: Ai Dannan , Gu Yifang , Xu Sumin
Published: June 2022

Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of multidisciplinary nursing based on fever, blood sugar, and swallowing function management in patients with acute stroke (AS). Methods. A total of 200 AS patients who were treated in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2020 were recruited and randomized at a ratio of 1 : 1 into a control group and a study group. The control group received standardized early rehabilitation nursing, and the study group received multidisciplinary nursing based on fever, blood sugar, and swallowing function management plus standardized early rehabilitation nursing. The patients were also assigned different blood glucose levels upon admission to a high blood glucose group or a normal blood glucose group. The clinical endpoint is clinical efficacy. Results. Multidisciplinary nursing resulted in better clinical outcomes and treatment efficiency in the patients in the study group versus standardized early rehabilitation nursing. When compared with the control group, the patients in the study group showed lower National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, higher Barthel Index (BI) scores, lower fasting blood glucose levels and body temperature 24 hours after admission, a lower incidence of swallowing dysfunction and aspiration pneumonia 30 days after nursing, and lower C-reactive Protein (CRP) levels 7 days after nursing. The NIHSS scores of the high blood glucose group were significantly higher than those of the normal blood glucose group. Conclusion. Multidisciplinary nursing based on fever, blood sugar, and swallowing function management for patients with AS improves the clinical outcome and treatment efficiency, restores the swallowing function and blood glucose level, and ameliorates the long-term prognosis of patients.
[Retracted] Government Environmental Governance and Enterprise Coordinated Green Development under the Goal of “Double Carbon”
Authors: Liu Fang , Jiang Jingjun , Zhang Shuwen
Published: June 2022

China’s 13th five‐year plan puts forward the development concept of “green development” and takes the construction of green financial system as the development strategy, which shows that the concept of environmental governance and green development is becoming more and more important for national economic development. It is a major strategic task for China to build an environmental governance system dominated by the government and dominated by enterprises and implement the main responsibility of enterprise environmental governance. At present, the environmental supervision of local governments needs to be improved urgently. It is necessary to strengthen the production regulation of enterprises and promote the emission of “three wastes” up to the standard based on the principle of “polluter pays.” The green development of enterprises is not only conducive to the improvement of their own “three effects” and corporate image but also has the external spillover effect of giants and is conducive to the construction of ecological civilization. Therefore, this study will focus on the collaborative governance in the field of environment, explore the ideal collaborative governance framework in the process of environmental collaborative governance, as well as the difficulties and optimization paths of collaboration, and put forward corresponding suggestions for the current environmental governance.
Analysis of Obstetric Clinical Nursing Integrating Situational Teaching Simulation
Authors: Xiao Shanshan , Fang Jing , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Yang Liqin , Tang Hongyan , Wang Yuanping
Published: June 2022

This paper applies the situational teaching mode to obstetric clinical nursing. When explaining the nursing operation skills, according to the pre written script, design some common clinical nurse-patient conflicts and carry out situational simulation performances, so as to inspire students to think about how to effectively communicate with patients and their families and establish a harmonious nurse-patient relationship. At the same time, this paper also urges students to improve their initiative of autonomous learning and actively participate in the whole process of learning, rather than passively accept knowledge. Finally, the teaching methods of combining obstetric clinical nursing teaching with experimental teaching were compared to explore the effectiveness of situational teaching simulation teaching mode. Through the experimental comparative analysis, it can be seen that the obstetric clinical nursing teaching model based on situational teaching simulation has a certain effect and has a good guiding significance for the practical teaching of obstetric clinical nursing.
Macroeconomic Forecast Model System Based on Digital Information and Blockchain Technology
Authors: Ma Lianfeng
Published: June 2022

Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has developed rapidly, becoming the second largest economy in the world. The state of macroeconomic development has a great influence on the government’s policy introduction and the investment decisions of individual institutions. Therefore, forecasting the macroeconomy is of great significance to the country. This paper aims to study the macroeconomic forecasting model system based on digital information and blockchain technology. This paper proposes an artificial neural network prediction algorithm based on digital information and blockchain technology, and the artificial neural network and particle swarm algorithm are combined to become the hybrid artificial neural network algorithm, and the conception of the establishment of the macroeconomic forecast model is proposed. The experimental results of this paper show that according to the prediction results of artificial neural network, the prediction and actual error in 2010 is 0.10, while the new method proposed in this paper predicts the error of 0.056. In 2016, the prediction error based on artificial neural network was 0.14, while the prediction result of the new method proposed in this paper showed an error of 0.008. In each year’s economic forecast, the neural network model of the new method proposed in this paper has higher prediction accuracy and smaller error. It can be seen that the neural network model based on artificial neural network and PSO algorithm proposed in this paper is beneficial to macroeconomic forecasting.
Transcriptomic Profile Analysis of Streptococcus mutans Response to Acmella paniculata Flower Extracts
Authors: Abd Ghafar Siti Aisyah , Salehuddin Nur Syahirah , Abdul Rahman Nor Zaihana , Halib Nadia , Mohamad Hanafiah Rohazila
Published: June 2022

Background. Acmella paniculata has been used as a traditional medicine to treat oral health diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis. Streptococcus mutans is a common bacterium that initiates dental caries at an early stage. Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the mode of action of A. paniculata (extracts) against S. mutans growth. Methods. Time-kill assay has been done to investigate the rate of kill and effectiveness of Acmella paniculata (AP) extracts against S. mutans growth. Phytochemical analysis was done to identify major compounds in AP extracts using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) have been done to observe the morphological changes of treated bacteria. Transcriptomic profile analysis has been done using Next Gene Sequencing. Results. AP flower n-hexane (APFH) and AP flower dichloromethane (APFD) extracts acted as bactericidal agents after killing >3 log10 cfu/mL of S. mutans after 24 hours. Oleic and hexadecenoic acids were found to be the major compounds in APFD and APFH extracts, respectively. Photomicrographs from SEM and TEM of treated S. mutans show that the bacterial cell wall has been lysed and the cytoplasm content was decreased. Pathway analysis revealed that the APFD extract significantly affected biosynthesis peptidoglycan, gene expression, RNA processing, and macromolecule metabolism processes in S. mutans. Conclusion. Data analysis revealed that multiple mechanisms of action were involved in antibacterial activity of A. paniculata extracts toward S. mutans.
[Retracted] Realization of a Noncontact IC Chip with Embedded Ferroelectric Memory in an Auxiliary Timing Device for Sports Games
Authors: Chen Jian
Published: June 2022

The research direction of the new generation of embedded memory can be summarized into two types of embedded nonvolatile memory and embedded volatile memory; the research on online testing of embedded memory started in the past ten years, and there are few research results. This article analyzes the feasibility of the noncontact IC chip in the embedded ferroelectric memory of the sports game auxiliary timing device and is aimed at obtaining an optimized embedded ferroelectric memory by analyzing the relevant data to achieve the update and update of the sports game timing device system. Early sports event timing methods generally use manual timing (stopwatch) or camera shooting timing; this method is inefficient, poor real‐time, huge workload, and prone to errors. This research mainly focuses on the analysis and discussion of the material structure and performance of the embedded ferroelectric memory and the process of noncontact IC chip. This article uses custom welding circuit technology to prepare the best ferroelectric filter in the test part and verifies the influence of temperature on the material; in order to understand the properties of ferroelectric materials at the electronic and atomic level, a first‐order statistical method is obtained. The numerical calculation results of the experiment verify that the evaluation value of the serial port synchronization module as a whole exceeds the pulse synchronization; the network synchronization as a whole exceeds the code synchronization, and the result of the network time service module is the opposite, but as a whole, each module of the noncontact IC chip has strong performance adaptability; in the application of auxiliary timing, the maintainability of noncontact IC chip is quite outstanding, and the maximum value is 7.97; a large number of complex simulation system tasks can be completed by simple and direct tasks.
Preservation of Adrenoceptor and Endothelin Receptor Mediated Vasoconstriction and of Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation after Cold Storage of Explanted Blood Vessels for ex vivo Analyses
Authors: Hoenicka Markus , Sabau Marius , Liebold Andreas , Hofmann Hans-Stefan , Ried Michael
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Adrenoceptor and endothelin (ET) receptor-mediated vasoconstriction as well as endothelium-dependent vasodilation of human saphenous veins were compared before and after 20 h of cold storage. Methods: Contractile responses to potassium chloride (KCl), norepinephrine (NE), and ET-1 as well as vasodilator responses to acetylcholine (ACh) were evaluated. Results: Storage in HEPES-supplemented Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (HDMEM) diminished KCl induced contractile forces to 71% (p = 0.002) and NE induced contractions to 80% (p = 0.037), in contrast to HEPES-supplemented Krebs-Henseleit solution (HKH) and TiProtec solution. KCl-normalized NE contractions were not affected by storage. NE EC50 values were slightly lower (7.1E−8 vs. 7.5E−8, p = 0.019) after storage in HKH, with no changes after storage in the other solutions. Endothelium-dependent responses to ACh were not affected by storage. ET-1 induced contractions were attenuated after storage in HDMEM (77%, p = 0.002), HKH (75%, p = 0.020), and TiProtec (73%, p = 0.010) with no changes in normalized constrictions. ET-1 EC50 values were not affected by storage. Conclusion: Loss of contractility after storage in HDMEM may reflect the lower content of dextrose. There was no specific attenuation of adrenoceptor, ET-receptor, or ACh receptor mediated signal transduction after storage in any of the media. HKH or TiProtec are equally suitable cold storage solutions for ex vivo measurements.
Assessment of Predictive Biomarkers in Breast Cancer: Challenges and Updates
Authors: Rakha Emad A. , Chmielik Ewa , Schmitt Fernando C. , Tan Puay Hoon , Quinn Cecily M. , Gallagy Grace
Published: June 2022

The management of patients with breast cancer (BC) relies on the assessment of a defined set of well-established prognostic and predictive markers. Despite overlap, prognostic markers are used to assess the risk of recurrence and the likely benefit of systemic therapy, whereas predictive markers are used to determine the type of systemic therapy to be offered to an individual patient. In this review, we provide an update and present some challenges in the assessment of the main BC-specific molecular predictive markers, namely hormone receptors (oestrogen receptor [ER] and progesterone receptor [PR]), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and KI67. As the main platform for assessing these markers in BC is immunohistochemistry (IHC), we address the cut-off values used to define positivity, the ER-low subgroup, the existence and significance of the ER−/PR+ phenotype, the use of PR in routine practice, and the role of hormone receptors in ductal carcinoma in situ. We discuss the newly introduced HER2-low class of BC and the clinical/biological difference between different HER2 groups (e.g., HER2 IHC score 3+ BCs vs. those with a HER2 IHC score 2+ with HER2 gene amplification). The review concludes with an update on the applications of KI67 assessment in BC and observations on the role of immune checkpoint identification in BC.
MicroRNA-155-5p Aggravates Adriamycin-Induced Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis through Targeting Nrf2
Authors: Liu Guoyong , He Liyu , Yang Xiaomeng , Tang Lingling , Shi Wei , She Jian , Wei Jiali
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is characterized by focal and segmental obliteration of glomerular capillary tufts with increased matrix and usually associated with nephrotic range proteinuria. FSGS is a huge burden to society; however, the mechanisms remain unclear and treatment is still lacking. Methods: Adriamycin nephropathy was induced by Adriamycin injection and some mice were also injected with Anti-miR-155-5p LNA or YC-1 (a pharmacological inhibitor of HIF-1). At 6 weeks, the mice were sacrificed, and kidneys, blood and urine samples were collected for further analysis. Results: We demonstrated a significant increase of miR-155-5p in kidney tissues in Adriamycin-induced FSGS mouse models. We also found Adriamycin treatment led to the activation of HIF-1, and inhibition of HIF-1 using YC-1 partly prevented the induction of miR-155-5p. Functionally, anti-miR-155-5p attenuated kidney injury and delayed the progression of renal fibrosis. Further, anti-miR-155-5p also enhanced the expression of Nrf2 following Adriamycin treatment. Further, our luciferase microRNA target reporter assay verified Nrf2 as a direct target of miR-155-5p. Our further results indicated anti-miR-155-5p could suppress kidney oxidative stress and inflammation, also supporting Nrf2 was the direct target of miR-155-5p. Finally, we also found miR-155-5p did not increase in serum but significantly increased in urine, indicating urinary miR-155-5p may be useful for FSGS diagnosis. Conclusion: This study identified a HIF-1/miR-155-5p/Nrf2 axis which can promote kidney oxidative stress and inflammation, finally aggravating kidney injury and accelerating the progression of renal fibrosis in FSGS. Moreover, the increase in urinary miR-155-5p may be useful for the diagnosis of FSGS.
Comparison of Methods for Cleaning Enteral Feeding Tube Junctions of the New International Standard (ISO 80369-3)
Authors: Koya Hiroaki , Ishino Keiko , Kishimoto Makoto , Kurata Naomi
Published: June 2022

Introduction: International standards for enteral feeding involving the use of feeding tubes with junctions have been introduced. If these junctions are not properly cleaned, they can become contaminated, leading to microbial infections. We aimed to compare the ease and effectiveness of cleaning of four methods using the number of bacteria. Methods: We compared enteral nutrition tube junctions cleaned using four methods such as water, toothbrush, cotton swab, and EnClean® brush with an uncleaned control. Once daily for 7 days, the tubes were injected with nutrients, cleaned, and incubated at 37°C. Samples for bacterial culture were collected before injections on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. The culture samples were incubated at 37°C for 48 h, and the number of colonies was counted. Results: The number of residual bacteria on day 28 did not differ between the four cleaning methods and the control group. Moreover, no significant difference was observed in bacterial counts among the four wash methods. The number of washes did not differ among cleaning methods. Conclusion: The bacterial count in the ISO-standardized tube junction increased, and none of the cleaning methods decreased the counts.
Dissolvable Microneedle Patch Increases the Therapeutic Effect of Jawoongo on DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in Mice
Authors: Jang Hye Min , Kim Haejoong , Park Soo-Yeon , An Eun Jin , Sung Chang Yub , Jeong Do Hyeon , Lee Gihyun
Published: June 2022

Background: Jawoongo (JW) is a topical herbal ointment that has been used as an alternative treatment option for atopic dermatitis. Topical ointments are known to have less bioavailability because the stratum corneum allows only lipophilic and low molecular weight drugs to pass across it. This study aimed to investigate whether applying microneedle patches (MNP) increases the therapeutic effect of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)+JW for atopic dermatitis by enhancing transdermal delivery. Methods: Atopic dermatitis was induced by DNCB in BALB/c mice. The combination treatment of JW and MNP was estimated to study the effect of MNP in improving transdermal delivery. Histological analysis, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and immunofluorescence were performed to verify the effect of MNP in enhancing the therapeutic effects of DNCB+JW on atopic dermatitis in mice. Results: Both combination treatment and DNCB+JW treatment ameliorated histological alterations and reduced skin thickness and infiltration of CD4+ T cells in atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in DNCB-exposed BALB/c mice. However, the improvement of histological alterations was better in the combination treatment, which was almost normal. Furthermore, the combination treatment exhibited a larger decrease in mRNA levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, iNOS, and TNF-α, compared to DNCB+JW only. In addition, skin thickness and infiltration of CD4+ T cells in the sensitized skin were significantly lower using the combination treatment than using DNCB+JW only. Conclusion: Combination treatment with JW and MNP further decreased skin thickness and several inflammatory cytokines in atopic dermatitis like skin lesions compared to treatment using JW alone. These findings suggest that applying a dissolvable MNP after JW application could be useful for treating atopic dermatitis.
Caries Progression after Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and the Role of Hyposalivation
Authors: Bulthuis Marjolein S. , van Gennip Lucky L.A. , Thomas Renske Z. , Bronkhorst Ewald M. , Laheij Alexa M.G.A. , Raber-Durlacher Judith E. , Rozema Frederik R. , Brennan Michael T. , von Bültzingslöwen Inger , Blijlevens Nicole M.A. , van Leeuwen Stephanie J.M. , Huysmans Marie-Charlotte D.N.J.M.
Published: June 2022

Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) preceded by a conditioning regimen is an established treatment option for many haematological diseases. Decreased salivary flow rates after HSCT may increase caries risk. We aim to estimate the extent to which caries lesions develop or progress in adult HSCT recipients and assess its association with salivary flow rates. A multi-centre prospective observational study was conducted in which patients receiving HSCT were followed up for 18 months. We included 116 patients (median age 56 years, 43% female) from two medical centres in the Netherlands. Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) were collected, and full caries charts were made before HSCT and 3, 6, 12, and 18 months post-HSCT. Caries was scored according to the ICDAS criteria by trained dentist-examiners. New dentine lesions or lesion progression into dentine (ICDAS ≥4 or cavitated root lesions) occurred in 32% of patients over 18 months. The median number of affected surfaces was 2 (range: 1–12) per patient with caries progression. The influence of hyposalivation of unstimulated saliva (<0.2 mL/min) and stimulated saliva (<0.7 mL/min) at baseline and after 3 months on caries progression was determined with a negative binomial regression model. Hyposalivation of SWS 3 months after HSCT was a significant risk indicator for caries progression (incidence rate ratio: 5.30, 95% CI: 2.09–13.4, p < 0.001), while hyposalivation of SWS at baseline and hyposalivation of UWS were not. We conclude that caries progression is a common oral complication in patients after HSCT, and stimulated hyposalivation shortly after treatment is a significant risk indicator for caries progression.
Stroke Neurointervention: A Novel Educational Pathway to Improve Neurology Resident Training in Neurointervention and Regional Access to Thrombectomy
Authors: Suryadevara Neil C. , Reddy Aravind , Bradshaw Deborah , Gould Grahame C. , Masoud Hesham E.
Published: June 2022

Large vessel occlusions account for ≈30% of acute ischemic stroke. Mechanical thrombectomy is a highly beneficial treatment for large vessel occlusion strokes in appropriately selected patients. However, there is significant geographic variability in regional access to this important therapy, and broadening coverage by using non‐neuroscience specialties places patients at risk for suboptimal cerebrovascular care. An alternative solution is to train more neurologists to perform this procedure and consolidate expertise in vascular neurology. However, neurology residents have minimal exposure to the angiography suite and are disadvantaged in this regard when it comes to preparedness for fellowship training. We detail a novel training pathway incorporating neuroendovascular training into the adult neurology residency and an option to continue hybridized stroke–neurointervention training in a vascular neurology fellowship. Here, we present the development of the training curriculum, early trainee experience, and challenges to widespread implementation. The stroke–neurointervention training pathway was created with the intention of improving access to this important therapy by enfolding early training into neurology residency.
Deterministic Response Threshold Models of Reproductive Division of Labor Are More Robust Than Probabilistic Models in Artificial Ants
Authors: Marriott Chris , Bae Peter , Chebib Jobran
Published: June 2022

We implement an agent-based simulation of the response threshold model of reproductive division of labor. Ants in our simulation must perform two tasks in their environment: forage and reproduce. The colony is capable of allocating ant resources to these roles using different division of labor strategies via genetic architectures and plasticity mechanisms. We find that the deterministic allocation strategy of the response threshold model is more robust than the probabilistic allocation strategy. The deterministic allocation strategy is also capable of evolving complex solutions to colony problems like niche construction and recovery from the loss of the breeding caste. In addition, plasticity mechanisms had both positive and negative influence on the emergence of reproductive division of labor. The combination of plasticity mechanisms has an additive and sometimes emergent impact.
Heterogeneous Supervised Topic Models
Authors: Sridhar Dhanya , Daumé Hal , Blei David
Published: June 2022

Researchers in the social sciences are often interested in the relationship between text and an outcome of interest, where the goal is to both uncover latent patterns in the text and predict outcomes for unseen texts. To this end, this paper develops the heterogeneous supervised topic model (HSTM), a probabilistic approach to text analysis and prediction. HSTMs posit a joint model of text and outcomes to find heterogeneous patterns that help with both text analysis and prediction. The main benefit of HSTMs is that they capture heterogeneity in the relationship between text and the outcome across latent topics. To fit HSTMs, we develop a variational inference algorithm based on the auto-encoding variational Bayes framework. We study the performance of HSTMs on eight datasets and find that they consistently outperform related methods, including fine-tuned black-box models. Finally, we apply HSTMs to analyze news articles labeled with pro- or anti-tone. We find evidence of differing language used to signal a pro- and anti-tone.
Children’s Right to Participation: How Do Students See It?
Authors: Trbojević Aleksandra , Gajić Milica , Španović Svetlana , Gajić Olivera
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to present the perspective of 10- and 11-year-old students on the right to participate in school (Convention on the Rights of the Child, Article 12). Data were obtained via focus group interviews with 60 students (Serbia). The interviews revealed that students perceive only the rhetoric of their rights, that they most often participate in matters related to extracurricular activities and never in teaching-related matters. Students experience participation as being occasionally asked about their opinion by adults. Findings suggest that achieving the most participation in school depends on the support and encouragement of adults.
Lectotypification of Stachys subnuda (Lamiaceae)
Authors: FERRER-GALLEGO P. PABLO , GÜNER ÖZAL
Published: June 2022

N/A
Allium tsinlingense (Amaryllidaceae, Allioideae), a new species from Shaanxi, China
Authors: XUN LU-LU , LIU PEI-LIANG , LU YUAN , ZHANG YA-WEI , LI SI-FENG , YUE MING , LI BIN , ZHOU YA-FU
Published: June 2022

A new species, Allium tsinlingense, from southern Shaanxi Province, China, is described and illustrated here. This species is similar to A. maowenense in Allium sect. Daghestanica, but it can be distinguished by its leaves solid, its spathe persistent after flowering, its flowers changing color from green, greenish to white in different stage, but never purplish, with the midvein of tepal greenish and never pale red, and its pedicels with bracteoles at base. Molecular phylogenetic analyses also suggested that this new species is a member of Allium sect. Daghestanica and a sister taxon to A. maowenense.
The Association of Serum Uric Acid/Albumin Ratio with No-Reflow in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Çınar Tufan , Şaylık Faysal , Hayıroğlu Mert İlker , Asal Suha , Selçuk Murat , Çiçek Vedat , Tanboğa İbrahim Halil
Published: June 2022

The goal of this investigation was to explore the relationship between serum uric acid/albumin ratio (UAR) and no-reflow (NR) in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients (n = 838) who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Angiographic NR was defined as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flows 0, 1, and 2 in the absence of coronary spasm or dissection. NR developed in 91 (10.9%) STEMI patients. Patients with NR had higher UAR and according to multivariable logistic regression models, a high UAR was an independent risk factor for NR. The area under the curve (AUC) value of the UAR was .760 (95%CI: .720-.801) in a receiver-operating characteristics curve (ROC) assessment. Notably, the UAR AUC value was greater than that of its components: albumin (AUC: .642) and serum uric acid (AUC: .637) ( P < .05 for both comparisons). The optimum UAR value in detecting NR in STEMI patients was >1.21 with a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 67%. This was the first study to report that the UAR was independently associated with NR in STEMI patients who underwent pPCI.
Biochip array technology for new psychoactive substances detection in biological samples: Evaluation of the specificity of the Randox Evidence Investigator®
Authors: Deville Marine , Bailly Ronald , Gauthier Nicolas , Pitti Pauline , Wachtelaer Audrey , Charlier Corinne
Published: June 2022

Background

The need to detect new psychoactive substances in biological samples is of crucial interest. In this paper, the specificity of a benchtop immunoanalyzer commercialized by Randox was evaluated on real patient samples.

Method

The Evidence Investigator was assessed to screen for NPS on 80 serum and urine samples coming from patients admitted to the emergency department. Targeted NPS were included in various categories such as synthetic cannabinoids, opioids and benzodiazepines. Results were compared with a chromatographic technique coupled with mass spectrometry.

Results

No NPS was detected by the reference technique. Concerning immunoanalysis, some piperazines were positive, caused by the presence of medicine containing this chemical structure. Clonazepam and fentanyl derivatives were confirmed in some cases, but sometimes the positivity was explained by other opiates or benzodiazepines, which also explained two samples falsely positive for etizolam.

Conclusions

The Randox Evidence Investigator was rapid and easy to use. It can be used as a first intention but always followed by a more specific technique in order to detect false positive result.
Is There a First Mover Advantage in Lobbying? A Comparative Analysis of How the Timing of Mobilization Affects the Influence of Interest Groups in 10 Polities
Authors: Crepaz Michele , Hanegraaff Marcel , Junk Wiebke Marie
Published: June 2022

The first mover advantage is a critical factor for the productivity of firms that enter new markets. Surprisingly, however, the importance of timing is rarely explored in studies of interest groups and their influence on new policy agendas. In this article, we therefore develop a theory of first mover advantages in lobbying. We argue that especially more resourceful and more highly affected organizations should be able to benefit from early lobbying. Using granular survey data on the timing of lobby efforts by interest groups on Covid-19 related policies in 10 European democracies, we test this novel theory. Our results show that timing is an important predictor of lobbying influence, but that interest groups which are hardly affected by a new policy cannot benefit from early mover advantages in the same way as affected organizations. Moreover, we give evidence for differences in first mover advantages depending on organizational staff resources.
Effects of Hyaluronic Acid/Collagen Resorbable Gel Use in Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Lee Hyunkyu , Yoon Sumin , Baek Sehyun
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of hyaluronic acid/collagen resorbable gel (Regenwel®) has an inhibitory effect on rhinostomy obstruction during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (Endo DCR). A total of 298 patients diagnosed with unilateral primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction from May 2017 to June 2021 who underwent Endo DCR were enrolled. The patients were divided into the Regenwel group (152 patients) and the Control group (146 patients) that did not use Regenwel during surgery, and the medical records were compared and analyzed retrospectively. The mean age of the Regenwel group was 65.8 years, and that of the Control group was 63.2 years. Regarding anatomical success as the primary outcome, the Regenwel group had a higher success rate than the Control group (96.7% vs 86.3%, P = .012), and the functional success result confirmed that the Regenwel group had a higher success rate than the Control group (94.1% vs 84.3%, P = .024). Among secondary outcomes, granulation formation occurred less frequently in the Regenwel group than in the Control group (9.2% vs 32.2%, P < .001), and there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative bleeding between the 2 groups (0% vs 1.4%, P = .478). The Regenwel group had fewer infections after surgery than the Control group (5.3% vs 8.9%, P = .012) and required less frequent revision surgery (2.0% vs 15.8%, P < .001). In conclusion, Regenwel is a resorbable gel containing hyaluronic acid and collagen that is used during Endo DCR and is thought to contribute to the improvement of surgical success rate by preventing complications such as rhinostomy obstruction and bleeding after surgery.
Characterizing Sampling Variability for Item Response Theory Scale Scores in a Fixed-Parameter Calibrated Projection Design
Authors: Xu Shuangshuang , Liu Yang
Published: June 2022

A common practice of linking uses estimated item parameters to calculate projected scores. This procedure fails to account for the carry-over sampling variability. Neglecting sampling variability could consequently lead to understated uncertainty for Item Response Theory (IRT) scale scores. To address the issue, we apply a Multiple Imputation (MI) approach to adjust the Posterior Standard Deviations of IRT scale scores. The MI procedure involves drawing multiple sets of plausible values from an approximate sampling distribution of the estimated item parameters. When two scales to be linked were previously calibrated, item parameters can be fixed at their original published scales, and the latent variable means and covariances of the two scales can then be estimated conditional on the fixed item parameters. The conditional estimation procedure is a special case of Restricted Recalibration (RR), in which the asymptotic sampling distribution of estimated parameters follows from the general theory of pseudo Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation. We evaluate the combination of RR and MI by a simulation study to examine the impact of carry-over sampling variability under various simulation conditions. We also illustrate how to apply the proposed method to real data by revisiting Thissen et al. (2015).
How Leaders Drive Followers’ Unethical Behavior
Authors: Mesdaghinia Salar , Eisenberger Robert , Wen Xueqi , Liu Zihan , Lewis Blaine A. , Qiu Feng , Shapiro Debra L.
Published: June 2022

Numerous organizational scandals have implicated leaders in encouraging employees to advance organizational objectives through unethical means. However, leadership research has not examined leaders’ encouragement of unethical behaviors. We define leader immorality encouragement (LIE) as an employee's perception that their leader encourages unethical behaviors on behalf of the organization. Across four studies, we found, as hypothesized, that (1) LIE promotes employees’ unethical behavior carried out with the intention to aid the organization (unethical pro-organizational behavior); (2) this relationship is mediated by employees’ moral disengagement and the expectation of rewards; (3) LIE, via moral disengagement, enhances employees’ self-serving unethical behavior; and (4) the relationship between LIE and unethical behavior is stronger when the leader has a higher quality exchange relationship with the employee and is perceived by the employee as having higher organizational status. Our set of findings contributes to an understanding of leaders’ attempts to further organization objectives by encouraging the unethical behavior of subordinates.
From liberal to multiculturalist nationalism: Confronting autocratic nationalism
Authors: Cheng Eric
Published: June 2022

This paper reconsiders liberal nationalism in light of the current autocratic nationalist threat. I argue that liberal nationalism cannot redress the social ailments which acclimatize people to the sorts of no-holds-barred political contestation favoured by autocratic nationalists – excessive polarization. I then argue that liberal nationalists do not recognize the degree to which ‘in-group’ racial solidarity motivates members of the racial/ethnic majority to preserve their status, and that the liberal nationalist approach to defending minorities’ rights therefore risks either emboldening the majority to embrace autocracy or consolidating social hierarchies between the majority and minorities. On these bases, I show that democrats must seek to not only detach race/ethnicity from nationality but also redress those problematic racial/ethnic hierarchies. This suggests the need to develop liberal nationalism into multiculturalist nationalism. Multiculturalist nationalism, however, promises a sort of bounded solidarity that does not include all citizens: it makes use of targeted political antagonism against anti-democrats like White supremacists and Identitarians to help diffuse any social antagonism that might exist among minorities, inclusive members of the majority, and cultural conservatives.
Costa Rica as a Destination for Migrants in Need of International Protection: IMR Country Report
Authors: Weitzman Abigail , Camacho Gilbert Brenes , Robles Arodys , Blanton Matthew , Swindle Jeffrey , Huss Katarina
Published: June 2022

In this IMR Country Report, we draw attention to Costa Rica as a strategic location for expanding research and theory on migrants in need of protection (MNP), who have migrated abroad primarily to evade an imminent threat to their survival. MNP constitute an increasing share of all international migrants in Costa Rica and worldwide, yet research on these migrants and their migration dynamics remains comparatively underdeveloped relative to research on migrants who relocate abroad primarily in pursuit of material gains, social status, or family reunification. As we highlight, Costa Rica is an instrumental site to deepen understandings of MNP populations and migration dynamics because its large and rapidly growing MNP population is incredibly diverse with respect to national origins, demographic characteristics, and underlying motivations for migration. This diversity presents ample opportunities to better understand heterogeneity in the different types of threats MNP seek to evade; how and why MNP incorporation is shaped by individuals’ demographic attributes and pre-migration threats; and how the social networks of various MNP subpopulations develop and overlap with time. Moreover, the geographic concentration of MNP in two regions in Costa Rica lends itself to primary data collection among this population and generates opportunities for estimating local MNPs’ demographic characterization, even in the absence of a reliable sampling frame.
Lifestyle choices following head and neck cancer treatment: A qualitative study
Authors: Hanika Claire , Porter Nicola , Blick Kate , Mendis Jeewaka
Published: June 2022

Background

The benefits of a healthy lifestyle in reducing risk of cancer and chronic disease are well-documented. Many individuals who have had head and neck cancer (HNC) report complex social situations with a history of poor dietary habits, smoking and alcohol abuse. Survivorship can be a strong motivator to make positive lifestyle changes, reducing risk of cancer recurrence and ill-health. Research investigating whether HNC survivors adopt healthy lifestyle recommendations is lacking.

Aim

To explore the health-related practices of post-treatment HNC patients, seeking to identify barriers and motivators to following recommended health guidelines.

Methods

Tape-recorded interviews were conducted with 20 HNC survivors, and comparisons made to Department of Health recommendations.

Results

80% of participants made lifestyle changes following HNC treatment. The most prevalent changes were to diet and alcohol intake. Key motivators were reducing cancer risk and ill-health; barriers included lack of motivation, support and misinformation. Treatment side-effects presented both motivators and barriers. There was widespread recognition of the “5 a day” message, and harm caused by smoking. Other public health recommendations were less well-known; 98% were unaware of current alcohol guidelines, physical activity was overestimated, and only one participant took vitamin D.

Conclusion

In this study HNC survivors were highly motivated to make healthy lifestyle changes. Further work is required to increase awareness of Government guidelines, as health messages are not always reaching the public or are misinterpreted.