bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pre-operative Mapping and Structured Reporting of Pelvic Endometriotic Lesions on Dynamic Ultrasound and Its Correlation on Laparoscopy Using the #Enzian Classification
Authors: Bindra Vimee , Nori Madhavi , Mohanty Girija Shankar , K Nivya , N Balakrishna
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of ultrasonography (USG) assessment using structured reporting with intraoperative laparoscopic assessment in deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) using the recent update of the #ENZIAN classification.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in Tertiary Multi-disciplinary Endometriosis Care Hospital over a period of 8 months which included 50 patients who underwent a planned laparoscopic endometriosis excisional surgery after a dedicated USG assessment using International Deep Endometriosis Analysis (IDEA) protocol and #Enzian score (updated Enzian classification), between Feb 2021 to Sept 2021 at Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad. The pre-operative USG findings were reported in a structured reporting format and intra-operative findings were classified using the standard #ENZIAN classification. No prospective interventions were done. A review of pre-operative ultrasound and laparoscopic findings as per the #Enzian.Results: Sensitivity and the negative predictive value of ultrasound were 86% and 84.2% for peritoneal lesions, 97% and 93.3 % for left ovarian lesions, 93% and 91.6% for right ovarian lesions, 91% and 84% for left tubal lesions, 90% and 86.3 % for right tubal lesions, 93% and 75 % for uterosacral ligaments, 93.3 % and 97% for rectal lesions and sensitivity and negative predictive values were 100 % for rectovaginal lesions, adenomyosis, and ureteric lesions as confirmed on laparoscopy. Conclusion: Dynamic ultrasound assessment with a structured report based on IDEA protocol and #ENZIAN score is accurate for mapping of pelvic endometriosis in all forms, and it correlates with laparoscopic findings, thus helps surgeon for better planning and providing a road map for surgeons. From a clinical perspective, a uniform and shared reporting system across imaging and therapeutic modalities will simplify communication, improving patient management by conservative or surgical treatments, avoiding multiple repeat surgeries, and improving quality of treatment.
Integrating Self-Generated Online Projects in an ELT Class at a Thai University during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   English Department, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mittraphap Rd., Muang, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand, Poonpon Kornwipa
Published: January 2022

This paper reports how self-generated online projects were integrated into an English language teaching (ELT) class at a Thai university and their impact on pre-service teachers’ experience during the unexpected COVID-19 situation. A qualitative approach was used to describe the integration of self-generated online projects as final group projects and report the learners’ opinions towards their online project-based learning. The participants were 58 pre-service English language teachers who took the Linguistics and Language Teaching course at a Thai university during the first semester of the 2020 academic year. The course initially required the students to organise an English teaching camp at a rural school after they had learned ELT theories and approaches throughout the semester. However, due to the COVID-19 spread, the learners’ original project had to be shifted to creating online English teaching. The online projects were designed to be self-generated, encouraging learners to use their English teaching knowledge and skills to design online lessons for rural school students. The project-based multimedia learning approach (Simkins et al., 2002) was adopted to guide the self-generated projects. The learners’ opinion towards integrating the online projects during the difficult situation was elicited using a reflection form and a small group interview. The findings reveal project integration procedures, the challenges the students faced, their ways of dealing with those challenges, and the advantages and disadvantages of the integration. The students used a variety of working strategies to collaborate their work. They admitted that the COVID-19 lockdown, project time limitations, and limited technology skills delayed their work. However, they believed that the online projects enhanced their teaching and digital skills, increased motivation as well as problem-solving and collaboration skills.
Primary School Teachers’ Implementation of Inclusive Education during Emergency Remote Teaching in Malaysia: Findings from a Small-Scale Study
Authors:   School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Nottingham, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia, Jothinathan Tishalini Menon , Lim Clara Xuan ,   School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Nottingham, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia, Wong Tze Peng ,   School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Nottingham, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: January 2022

The rapid shift to online teaching or emergency remote teaching (ERT) following the COVID-19 pandemic requires a high level of inclusiveness in teaching efforts to ensure children who are at risk for learning are not left behind. Using a mixed-method design, this small-scale study (a) explored the relationship between Malaysian private and international primary school teachers’ attitude towards inclusive teaching during ERT, teaching efficacy, TPACK mastery, and burnout, and (b) identified ERT-specific factors that are associated with the teachers’ attitudes and experiences during ERT. A total of 28 teachers participated in an online survey that comprised four established scales to measure the teachers’ inclusive attitude, teaching efficacy, TPACK, and teacher burnout. The online survey also consisted of open-ended questions about their ERT teaching experiences. Two of the teachers who completed the questionnaire were then interviewed online. Attitude towards inclusive teaching was not correlated with all other variables, but (a) teaching efficacy correlated positively with TPACK mastery, and (b) high teaching efficacy, and high TPACK correlated with low burnout. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data generated four themes that supported the correlational findings: inclusion attitude during ERT, exclusion strategies, prolonged online teaching at home, and parental involvement. Findings imply that pre-pandemic inclusive teaching practices and TPACK were insufficient to fully support inclusive teaching attitude during ERT. New inclusive practices that support prolonged online teaching and effective parental involvement are needed to prevent digital exclusion during ERT. This small-scale study challenged the accessibility of online teaching during ERT and calls for the need to modify or reinvent our understanding of effective support for students with additional needs in fully online and distance learning conditions.
Online English Teacher Training during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Thai Contexts
Authors:   Language Institute, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, 99, Moo 18 Paholyothin Rd. Klong Neung, Klong Luang Pathumthani, Bangkok 12120, Thailand, Sakulprasertsri Kriengkrai , Tangkiengsirisin Supong ,   Language Institute, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, 99, Moo 18 Paholyothin Rd. Klong Neung, Klong Luang Pathumthani, Bangkok 12120, Thailand, Phoocharoensil Supakorn ,   Language Institute, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, 99, Moo 18 Paholyothin Rd. Klong Neung, Klong Luang Pathumthani, Bangkok 12120, Thailand, Kanokpermpoon Monthon ,   Language Institute, Thammasat University, Tha Prachan Campus, 2, Prachan Road Phranakhorn, Bangkok 10200, Thailand, Koowuttayakorn Sichon ,   Language Institute, Thammasat University, Rangsit Campus, 99, Moo 18 Paholyothin Rd. Klong Neung, Klong Luang Pathumthani, Bangkok 12120, Thailand
Published: January 2022

During the disruptive coronavirus pandemic, English Language Teaching (ELT) teachers, among others, encountered dramatic changes and challenges regarding instruction, assessment, and research. Due to an abrupt shift from onsite to online modes, they urgently needed digital professional development to enhance their academic performance. A number of webinars were launched to provide information useful for ELT practices. This mixed-methods study was aimed at investigating how three webinars (on online toolkits, research publication, and action research) organised by a language institute at a Thai university were perceived in terms of satisfaction and usefulness. Forty-eight participants responded to an online questionnaire, and five of the participants attended online focus-group interviews. Both quantitative and qualitative data revealed that the participants had a high level of satisfaction towards and usefulness of the webinars because of the content, the speakers, as well as the format. Some of them, however, expressed their interest to engage more deeply with the webinars and the speakers through other audience engagement activities than a simple Q&A session in the end. These findings provide insights into how the language institute will be able to organize webinars more effectively for ELT professional development by increasing the level of audience engagement throughout the session to better simulate the face-to-face interaction found in on-site seminars.
Dimensions of COVID-19 Pandemic Preventive Behaviour among High School Students in Leyte and Biliran Province, the Philippines
Authors:   School of Arts and Sciences, University of Central Asia, Naryn, Kyrgyz Republic, Canlas Ian Phil , Karpudewan Mageswary ,   School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: January 2022

The onset of COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected all sectors of the society including the education sector. Schools at all levels were forced to adopt measures that allow for continuity of the educational process while maintaining health safety. Considering the scope and impact of COVID-19 pandemic, a collective behaviour may be necessary to effectively and efficiently curb and reduce its impact. This paper reports on findings of a study that explored the antecedents to COVID-19 pandemic preventive behaviours among high school students. This study is imperative because conditions in high schools and classrooms, specifically, result in elevated vulnerability for COVID-19 transmission among students and teachers. Following the survey research design, the study was divided into two phases: Phase 1 (exploration phase) participated by 300 students; and Phase 2 (confirmation phase) participated by 300 students between grades 7 to 12. Data collected in Phase 1 underwent exploratory factor analysis using SPSS while data collected in Phase 2 underwent confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS Amos. Results revealed seven dimensions of COVID-19 pandemic preventive behaviours including (a) direct preventive behaviours, (b) healthy habits and lifestyle, (c) limited physical social contact, (d) COVID-19 curiosity, and (e) COVID-19 support. Findings of this study may be informative to policymakers in developing strategic response to COVID-19 pandemic not only in schools but also other relevant sectors. In addition, these findings may also be informative to other researchers conducting related studies on COVID-19 pandemic preventive behaviour such as those exploring antecedents to COVID-19 pandemic preventive behaviours among others.
Use of Social Media and Depression in First-Year Undergraduate Students during COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors:   School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Kong Kimberley
Published: January 2022

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, most educational institutions switched to online learning as a standard education delivery model. The use of social media has since become an essential and integral component of students’ lives, both as a tool to facilitate learning as well as for social connections. The current study examines the use of social media and its association with depression among newly enrolled first-year university students during the national lockdown. Three hundred and eighty-six (N = 386) participants aged between 19–21 years from one faculty of a public university were recruited online for the study. Self-reports on daily time spent and emotional investment (frequency of visits) on social media were obtained. Depression was assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression Scale. Results from binary logistic regression showed that high levels of investment in a variety of social media activities were associated with symptoms of depression. Compared to the users at the lowest level, students in the higher usage groups had significantly increased odds of depression (AOR = 2.94, 95% CI = 1.22–7.08; AOR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.04–5.94, respectively), even after controlling for all covariates. Total time spent, however, was not found to associate with depression. Additionally, indigenous students from East Malaysia who mostly reside in rural areas recorded a significantly higher odds of experiencing depression during the pandemic (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI = 1.23–8.90, p = .02) compared to the Malays. Given the pervasive use of social media during the COVID-19 lockdown, the findings of the study suggest that educators at higher education institutions can leverage on the ubiquitous use of social media among students to disseminate targeted educational messages regarding mental health.
Embracing the Challenges of Modular Approach in Teaching in the Time of Pandemic
Authors:   Research and Development Office, Quirino State University, Andres Bonifacio, Diffun, Quirino, Philippines, Nolasco Dyanika P.
Published: January 2022

This study was conducted to explore the challenges that college instructors faced during module preparation in this time of pandemic when educational systems around the globe are forced to flex and adjust to the new normal. Mixed methods was used as research design to quantitatively and qualitatively delve into the challenges of college instructors towards preparation of selfpaced learning modules used for teaching in this time of pandemic. Forty-nine instructorrespondents form a Higher Education Institution in the Philippines were selected to participate in the study; they were assigned to teach in various courses, have different length of service, academic preparations and subjects handled. A questionnaire that underwent experts’ validity and reliability test was used as primary instrument to gather quantitative data which were later subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. Qualitative data were gathered through interviews and gave deeper insights on numerical results. Findings revealed that college instructors were dominantly non-education graduates but with Professional Educational Subjects (PES), relatively young in teaching, mostly teaching core/major subjects and have minimal preparations and modules crafted for the current semester. They experienced serious to very serious problems regarding module preparation which challenged and pressured them. Those who were new to the service were better in handling pressure as to meeting deadlines and were more flexible about giving examples in explaining concepts; but those who were veterans were problematic that modules did not undergo instructional material review. Non-education graduates with PES were very particular on the availability or sufficiency of materials for the printing. Those who have more preparations did not find the unavailability or insufficiency of references and making explanations easier to be understood as serious as those who have lesser module preparations. The various problems and challenges that college instructors faced during their preparation of modules in adherence to the government’s directive of non-face-to-face conduct of classes pose a greater challenge for educational systems to assist these teachers by providing sufficient resources, technologies and tools; proper training and a sort of expressive emotional reinforcement.
Perioperative nutritional support. Clinical practice recommendations of the national “Federation of Anesthesiologists and Reanimatologists”
Authors: Leiderman Ilya N. , Gritsan A. I. , Zabolotskikh I. B. , Mazurok V. A. , Polyakov I. V. , Potapov A. L. , Sytov A. V. , Yaroshetskiy A. I.
Published: January 2022

Numerous publications show that, depending on the type of pathology, protein-energy malnutrition develops in 20– 50 % of surgical patients directly in the hospital in the early postoperative period. Rather a great number of patients with surgical diseases are already hospitalized with varying degrees of malnutrition. From 30 % to 69 % of patients are admitted to the hospital with I–III grade of protein-energy malnutrition and require mandatory nutritional support. Risk factors for protein-energy malnutrition development are determined in 60–70 % of hospitalized patients. This clinical practice recommendations present the basic principles of nutritional support in the perioperative period.
Differential diagnostic capabilities of calculating the level of neutrophil extracellular traps in the venous blood of pregnant women: a comparative prospective study
Authors: Kuzina N. B. , Plakhotina E. N. , Kuzovlev Artem N. , Belousova T. N. , Bryantsev E. V. , Kasina D. V.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Severe preeclampsia in early stages can be detected by isolated thrombocytopenia, which makes it difficult to diagnose it in time and carry out the necessary therapeutic measures. As a rule, the diagnosis of severe preeclampsia can be declared with a detailed clinical and laboratory researches, and it increases the risks for the mother and the embryo. However, if there are no clinical symptoms of preeclampsia except of thrombocytopenia, there is a problem of differential diagnosis between thrombocytopenia, which has the same symptoms as preeclampsia and gestational thrombocytopenia, which is a physiological peculiarity and does not require any medical interventions and restrictions. Nowadays there are no screening methods for differential diagnosis of these conditions. Objectives. To estimate the possibilities of determing the level of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) during the differential diagnosis of preeclampsia and gestational thrombocytopenia. Materials and methods. The comparative analysis of the level of NETs was carried out in three groups of pregnant women. Group 1 included patients with severe preeclampsia (n = 45), group 2-patients with gestational thrombocytopenia (n = 44) and group 3 consisted of healthy pregnant women (n = 44). Results. The research revealed significant increase in the level of NETs in the group of patients with preeclampsia (15.26 %,) compared with the groups of healthy patients (7.65 %, p = 0.001) and patients with gestational thrombocytopenia (7.04 %, р = 0.002). There were no significant differences in the level of NETs between the groups of healthy patients and patients with gestational thrombocytopenia. Conclusions. A significant increase of the level of NETs among the patients with severe preeclampsia allows us to consider the method of calculating the level of NETs among patients with thrombocytopenia which can be detected after the 20th week of pregnancy, if there are no other laboratory and clinical signs of preeclampsia as a screening method for early diagnosis of this complication.
The role of political will in enhancing e-government: An empirical case in Indonesia
Authors: Yulia Defitri Siska
Published: January 2022

E-government is an issue that is widely discussed by several studies because it has an impact on improving government performance. Weak political will of the heads of state and regional heads reduces attention to e-government, combined with various obstacles to its implementation. This study can answer the importance of the role of political will in maximizing the implementation of electronic government in local government. A total of 263 data were collected to answer the hypothesis quantitatively. The data were obtained by distributing questionnaires directly to the respondents, namely the Heads of Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD). The sample selection was carried out with regional heads. Data were tested through multivariate analysis using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The test results found that political will has a direct positive effect on the implementation of e-government as evidenced by the path coefficient of 0.457 and significant wit h an alpha of 5%. Political will also acts as a mediating variable or can act as an intermediary in the relationship between IT infrastructure and human resources in improving e-government. All variables have a T-statistic value > 1.96 and < 5%, which means that IT infrastructure and human resources have a direct and significant effect on the implementation of e-government.
Design optimization and feasibility analysis of pneumatic DTH Hammer with self-rotation bit
Authors: Bo Kun , Chen Baoyi , Hu Yong , Wang Maosen
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a novel pneumatic Down-The-Hole (DTH) hammer with self-rotation bit used for rock drilling, and the mechanical structure and working principle are mainly covered. A unique mechanism with ratchet and pawl incorporated in pneumatic DTH hammer is proposed for percussion-rotation drilling to break rock. The drill bit can rotate while the drill pipe stays still because of the structure design and reduces the friction between the drill pipe and borehole. Firstly, the rationality of mechanical invention is verified via the finite-element software ANSYS and the numerical simulation of impact dynamics. Moreover, the energy transfer regulation is revealed in the impact process under differential final impact velocity, which can help practical experience in mechanical design. Finally, based on the experimental study on the novel hammer, we found that its function can satisfy the requirement, as well as overall performance, was improved.
Zastosowanie technologii CRISPR/Cas9 w leczeniu nowotworów
Authors: Romanowska Kamila , Ostapowicz Julia , Golusiński Wojciech
Published: January 2022

Wprowadzenie technik edycji genomu jako podstawowego narzędzia w badaniach naukowych wywołało znaczny postęp w naukach biologicznych, medycznych oraz pozwoliło zrozumieć patofizjologię wielu chorób. Jedną z najnowocześniejszych metod wprowadzania specyficznych zmian w genomie jest obecnie technologia CRISPR/Cas9, która poprzez insercję, delecję lub zamianę nukleotydów w sekwencji DNA prowadzi do inaktywacji genów docelowych, nabycia nowych cech genetycznych lub korekty niepożądanych mutacji. Ponadto, technologia CRISPR/Cas9 pozwala na tworzenie modeli in vitro i in vivo wielu chorób, a następnie dokładne badanie mechanizmów ich powstawania. Obecnie prowadzonych jest wiele badań w dziedzinie onkologii wykorzystujących technikę CRISPR/Cas9, a niniejsza praca jest ich zwięzłym podsumowaniem.
The Potential of Endophytic Fungi in Promoting Rice Plant Growth and Suppressing Blast Disease
Authors: Putri Novia Dwi , Muhibuddin Anton , Aini Luqman Qurata
Published: January 2022

Endophytic fungi are fungi that inhabit the internal tissues of plant and belong to a group of microorganisms reported to have beneficial effects on plants. In this study, three endophytic fungi isolated from rice plant tissue were identified as Trichoderma asperellum, Curvularia chiangmaiensis, dan Fusarium solani. These three fungi have the ability to produce IAA between 3.03 to 6.00 µg/mL. For phosphate solubility assay, all endophytic fungi showed a clear zone around the colonies in Pikovskaya medium and could dissolve phosphate in the range of 2.74 to 17.61 µg/mL. In addition, in vivo observations of the inoculation endophytic fungi can reduce the intensity of blast disease in rice plant. So that, it can be seen that the three fungal isolates can become plant growth promoting fungi and can also used as bicontrol agents for blast disease in rice plant.
Cooperación internacional y construcción de paz: miradas históricas y reflexivas sobre Colombia
Authors: Abella Osorio Juan David
Published: January 2022

En el ámbito del estudio y la práctica de la guerra y la paz, Colombia es sin duda un caso disruptivo e interesante de estudio. Por un lado, es un hecho que el país ha experimentado uno de los conflictos armados más longevos de la región y del mundo, que además ha demostrado una altísima adaptabilidad y complejidad, que se entremezcla con la ya delicada situación social y política del país. Por otro lado, Colombia también lleva más de diez años buscando una solución negociada al conflicto, al tiempo que ha adelantado numerosas medidas de verdad, justicia y reparación para las víctimas, en una escala y ambición solo comparable con los esfuerzos realizados para atender a las personas desplazadas en Europa tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Dicho esto, el presente artículo se propone estudiar la relación histórica y actual de la cooperación internacional y construcción de paz, proponiendo y desarrollando para este fin un nuevo modelo de comprensión que pretende facilitar el entendimiento de ambos fenómenos, y contribuir al entendimiento de los vínculos históricos entre ambas dinámicas, ofreciendo al tiempo un marco útil en favor de análisis prospectivos relevantes en la materia.
Relevansi tokoh Kumbakarna dalam Serat Ramawijaya sebagai refleksi semangat patriotisme pemuda Indonesia
Authors: Hernawati Dinda Ayu , Utami Respati Retno
Published: January 2022

Sering kita ketahui bahwa beberapa tahun terakhir pemuda Indonesia sedang mengalami banyak masalah utamanya dalam hal semangat bela negara. Salah satu sikap yang semestinya dimiliki dalam hal bela negara tentunya adalah patriotisme. Pembahasan sikap patriotisme ini nantinya akan direlevansikan dengan watak tokoh kumbakarna dalam Serat Cariyosipun Prabu Ramawijaya yang bertujuan menjadi refleksi pada semangat patriotisme pemuda di Indonesia. Ada beberapa metode dan model analisis data yang pas digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu observasi, angket, dan wawancara. Sedangkan penggunaan analisis data dengan kualitatif deskriptif dan studi pustaka. Hal utama yang menjadi bagian dari kajian ini adalah teori strukturalisme genetik yang cocok untuk meneliti keterkaitan antara patriotisme dengan sifat atau watak tokoh Kumbakarna dan kenyataan yang terjdi di masyarakat. Dari hasil pembahasan tersebut diperoleh bagaimana sikap yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh seorang pemuda di Indonesia ini mengenai Patriotisme melalui refleksi dari tokoh Kumbakarna yang ada dalam Serat Cariyosipun Prabu Ramawijaya. Sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa patriotisme tidak dilandasi atas kepentingan pribadi melainkan menjaga dan merawat sikap tersebut dengan memulainya dari kesungguhan hati nurani.
The impact of talent management practices on employees’ satisfaction and commitment in the Saudi Arabian oil and gas industry
Authors:   Brunel Business School, Brunel University, London, UK, Alanazi Amal
Published: January 2022

This study investigates the impact of talent management practices in Saudi Arabian oil and gas organizations and assesses their impact on talent management outcomes including employees' satisfaction and commitment. Although talent management is a new concept for increasing employee on employees' satisfaction and commitment, it is rapidly becoming of great value for academics and managers. The literature review identified the gaps in TM literature; prompting the development of a framework for understanding the relationship between TM, its outcomes. A cross-sectional online-based survey was conducted with employees from major oil and gas organizations, achieving a total sample of 417 participants. Results have indicated various issues such as the need to adopt formal approaches for identifying the talent and lack of opportunities for development that exist in TM practices. Furthermore, the majority of the participants reflected poor satisfaction levels, and a lack of strong commitment was observed among the young employees. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that poor TM practices adopted in Saudi Arabian oil and gas industries in a few instances, especially in relation to talent development and retention by creating a supportive environment through transformational leadership.
Time use of millennials and Generation X: differences across time
Authors: Freeman Michelle
Published: January 2022

Generational cohorts in the United States have long interested demographers, social scientists, researchers, and others. In 2019, millennials were the same ages—23 to 38 years—as members of Generation X in 2003. I use American Time Use Survey data from these years to examine how millennials in 2019 and members of Generation X in 2003 spent their time on an average day. Millennials were less likely to spend time doing housework, caring for and helping household members, and purchasing goods and services than were members of Generation X. On the other hand, millennials were more likely to spend time providing animal and pet care than were members of Generation X. Each generation spent nearly the same amount of time working on an average day, and the men of each generation spent more time working than their female counterparts. Each generation spent nearly the same amount of time in leisure and sports activities overall. However, millennial men spent more time playing games on an average day than did men in Generation X, and millennial women spent less time reading for leisure than did women in Generation X.
Using SIRES to Enhance Resilience in Remote & Rural Communities
Authors:   Department of Physics, Geology and Engineering Technology, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA, Maheshwari Zeel , Ramakumar Rama ,   School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
Published: January 2022

Rural and remote communities are more vulnerable to damage caused by extreme events as compared to urban areas. Natural disasters can disrupt basic supplies such as domestic water supply and cooking needs in addition to electricity outages. The recognition of the interlinked nature of food, water and energy has gained momentum over the past few years. Smart Integrated Renewable Energy System (SIRES) has been proposed to handle basic needs such as cooking, domestic and irrigation water supply, and electricity to remote rural areas in an efficient and sustainable manner. Critical needs and non-critical needs for a typical rural community are discussed. The proposed approach is studied for two different scenarios: wind subsystem is inoperable and hydropower is inoperable due to the destruction caused by a natural disaster. In this paper, it is shown that employing SIRES could improve overall resiliency as compared to microgrids.
Newborn Screening in Latin America: A Window on the Evolution of Health Policy
Authors:   University of Miami, Miami 33101, FL, USA, Brosco Jeffrey P. , Castellands Talia Holzman ,   University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA, Gelpi Adriane ,   University of Miami, Miami 33101, FL, USA
Published: January 2022

Investigating the historical origins of a well-accepted health program across a region, such as newborn screening in Latin America, has the potential to reveal the role of historically-specific drivers in shaping national health policy. We reviewed published reports on NBS in Latin America and interviewed newborn screening experts with experience in the region. We found trends suggesting that the decrease in infant mortality may be a prerequisite to investing in nationwide screening for rarer conditions. We also note the role of the International Atomic Energy Agency in boosting newborn screening programs in developing nations as a legacy of Cold War diplomacy to promote peaceful uses of atomic energy. Further research in charting demographic trends and in contrasting nations that engaged with the Agency with those that did not has the potential to reveal critical issues in health policy development.
The Impact of Web-Based Physical Activity Interventions on Depression and Anxiety Among College Students: Randomized Experimental Trial
Authors: Murray Andy , Marenus Michele , Cahuas Ana , Friedman Kathryn , Ottensoser Haley , Kumaravel Varun , Sanowski Julia , Chen Weiyun
Published: January 2022

Background

Depression and anxiety are growing issues for college students, with both aerobic resistance training and mindfulness yoga exercises known to be effective in reducing symptoms and severity. However, no known research is available comparing these 2 depression and anxiety interventions simultaneously and in a web-based environment.

Objective

This study aims to determine the effects of a web-based aerobic resistance exercise intervention (WeActive) and a web-based yoga mindfulness exercise intervention (WeMindful) on depression and anxiety symptoms in college students.

Methods

The participants were 77 college students who anonymously completed a Qualtrics survey, including the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and the Major Depression Inventory at baseline and after the intervention. Participants were randomly assigned to either the WeActive or WeMindful group and underwent two 30-minute web-based aerobic resistance exercise lessons or yoga mindfulness lessons per week for 8 weeks.

Results

The results of analysis of covariance with repeated measures indicated that although not statistically significant, both groups showed a notable decrease in anxiety with a marginally significant main effect of time (F1=3.485; P=.07; η2=0.047) but no significant main effect of group and no significant interaction effect of time with group. The 2 intervention groups experienced a significant decrease in depression with the main effect of time (F=3.892; P=.05; η2=0.052). There was no significant main effect of group or interaction effect of time with group for depression.

Conclusions

College students in both WeActive and WeMindful groups experienced a significant decrease in depression symptoms and a decrease, although not significant, in anxiety as well. The study suggests that web-based WeActive and WeMindful interventions are effective approaches to managing US college students’ depression and anxiety during a pandemic.
Identifying Health-Related Discussions of Cannabis Use on Twitter by Using a Medical Dictionary: Content Analysis of Tweets
Authors: Allem Jon-Patrick , Majmundar Anuja , Dormanesh Allison , Donaldson Scott I
Published: January 2022

Background

The cannabis product and regulatory landscape is changing in the United States. Against the backdrop of these changes, there have been increasing reports on health-related motives for cannabis use and adverse events from its use. The use of social media data in monitoring cannabis-related health conversations may be useful to state- and federal-level regulatory agencies as they grapple with identifying cannabis safety signals in a comprehensive and scalable fashion.

Objective

This study attempted to determine the extent to which a medical dictionary—the Unified Medical Language System Consumer Health Vocabulary—could identify cannabis-related motivations for use and health consequences of cannabis use based on Twitter posts in 2020.

Methods

Twitter posts containing cannabis-related terms were obtained from January 1 to August 31, 2020. Each post from the sample (N=353,353) was classified into at least 1 of 17 a priori categories of common health-related topics by using a rule-based classifier. Each category was defined by the terms in the medical dictionary. A subsample of posts (n=1092) was then manually annotated to help validate the rule-based classifier and determine if each post pertained to health-related motivations for cannabis use, perceived adverse health effects from its use, or neither.

Results

The validation process indicated that the medical dictionary could identify health-related conversations in 31.2% (341/1092) of posts. Specifically, 20.4% (223/1092) of posts were accurately identified as posts related to a health-related motivation for cannabis use, while 10.8% (118/1092) of posts were accurately identified as posts related to a health-related consequence from cannabis use. The health-related conversations about cannabis use included those about issues with the respiratory system, stress to the immune system, and gastrointestinal issues, among others.

Conclusions

The mining of social media data may prove helpful in improving the surveillance of cannabis products and their adverse health effects. However, future research needs to develop and validate a dictionary and codebook that capture cannabis use–specific health conversations on Twitter.
Рабдомиома сердца у детей
Authors: Bordyugova Ye.V. , Dubovaya A.V. , Burka A.A. , Mokrik I.Yu. , Kartashova O.S.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлены результаты клинического наблюдения 15 детей с рабдомиомой сердца, выявленной в Институте неотложной и восстановительной хирургии им. В.К. Гусака НАМН Украины за период с марта 2007 года по май 2011 года. Описаны сочетание заболевания с туберозным склерозом, диагностика опухоли с прорастанием в полость правого желудочка и обструкцией его выводного тракта. Приведены клинические случаи, демонстрирующие неоднозначность прогноза заболевания: рабдомиома сердца может как спонтанно уменьшаться в размерах и исчезать даже в старшем школьном возрасте, так и стать причиной летального исхода.
Язык как зеркало здоровья
Authors: Nagornaya N.V. , Dudchak A.P. , Chetverik N.A. , Usenko N.A.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлены данные литературы и собственные клинические наблюдения за состоянием слизистой оболочки полости рта у детей с различной патологией. Оценка состояния языка важна при описании объективного статуса пациента, особенно в динамике наблюдения. Ее отражение в медицинской документации является простым и важным скрининговым показателем для составления алгоритма диагностического поиска, а также дополнительным критерием эффективности лечения, реабилитации и профилактики различных заболеваний.
Особливості перебігу полікістозу нирок у дітей: дані літератури та опис клінічного випадку
Authors: Lembryk I.S. , Ivanyshyn L.Ya. , Shlimkevich I.V. , Yakymiv S.I.
Published: January 2022

У статті висвітлено особливості перебігу полікістозу нирок на сучасному етапі за даними літератури та власних клінічних спостережень. Встановлено, що найбільш несприятливим за прогнозом є автосомно-рецесивний варіант полікістозу, що зазвичай маніфестує з моменту народження і завершується летальним кінцем у ранньому дитинстві. Діагностика складна і передбачає медико-генетичне консультування, а також комплексне дослідження основних клініко-лабораторних та інструментальних показників. Основною в лікуванні захворювання є адекватна ренопротективна та антицитокінова терапія, а також гемодіаліз.
Атипичное течение острого гематогенного остеомиелита у ребенка
Authors: Lysenko A.V. , Litovka V.K. , Buslayev A.I. , Vakulenko M.V.
Published: January 2022

Приведено описание наблюдения атипичного течения острого гематогенного остеомиелита у ребенка 8 лет 6 мес. После проведенной комплексной терапии наступило выздоровление.
Корреляционные связи и прогностическое значение показателей антиэндотоксинового иммунитета у детей с различными стадиями септического процесса на этапе лечения
Authors: Pritulo L.F. , Bisyuk Yu.A. , Filonenko T.G. , Vasiliev O.V.
Published: January 2022

Исследован 91 ребенок с диагнозом грамотрицательного септического процесса. Все пациенты были разделены путем случайной выборки на 2 группы. В 1-ю группу вошли дети, которым проводилась патогенетическая иммунокоррекция с использованием плазмы доноров, обогащенной антителами к эндотоксину; во 2-ю группу — дети, которым проводилось только комплексное лечение. Разные стадии грамотрицательного септического процесса приводят к резкой девиации антиэндотоксинового иммунитета, которая проявляется иммунодефицитом специфических анти-ЭТ-IgG и ростом первичных (низкоаффинных) анти-ЭТ-IgМ в ассоциации с избыточной активацией неспецифических компонентов LBP и sCD14. Хирургическое лечение с адекватной санацией гнойного очага в пораженном органе на основе разработанных прогностических критериев с использованием иммунокоррекции привело к быстрому регрессу клинических признаков заболевания и позволило повысить клиническую эффективность проведенной терапии.
Внешнесекреторная функция поджелудочной железы и методы ее оценки
Authors: Nagornaya N.V. , Limarenko М.P.
Published: January 2022

В статье изложена физиология экзокринной функции поджелудочной железы. Описаны состав панкреатического сока, стадии секреторного цикла ацинарных клеток, фазы панкреатической секреции. Представлены методы исследования внешнесекреторной функции поджелудочной железы.
Динаміка стану здоров’я підлітків України
Authors: Peresypkina T.V.
Published: January 2022

У роботі подано результати аналізу стану здоров’я підлітків України за період 2001–2012 рр. Було використано дані Центру медичної статистики МОЗ України. Мета роботи — надати оцінку показників стану здоров’я підлітків України, визначити тенденції щодо їх змін.Установлено неухильне збільшення показника поширеності захворювань, приріст якого від 2001 до 2012 р. становив 42,0 %. За аналізований період мали місце зміни у структурі захворювань. У 2012 р. провідними у структурі поширеності були хвороби органів дихання; органів травлення; кістково-м’язової системи та сполучної тканини; ока та придаткового апарату; хвороби ендокринної системи, розлади харчування та порушення обміну речовин; хвороби нервової та сечостатевої систем; шкіри та підшкірної клітковини. Динаміка змін показника оцінювалася за темпом їх приросту. Найбільший темп приросту відзначено за такими класами, як: новоутворення; вроджені аномалії; хвороби системи кровообігу; крові та кровотворних органів та хвороби органів дихання. Отримані дані доцільно використовувати для розробки цілеспрямованих програм профілактики та прийняття організаційних рішень для підвищення якості медичної допомоги, які повинні включати пріоритетні наукові дослідження, моніторинг стану здоров’я та чинників, що його формують, а також можливість міжгалузевого співробітництва.
Социальные и биологические факторы риска отклонений физического развития у детей раннего возраста, перенесших перинатальные поражения центральной нервной системы
Authors: Pykhtina L.A. , Filkina О.M. , Nazarov S.B. , Shanina T.G. , Vorobyova Ye.A. , Kocherova O.Yu. , Dolotova N.V.
Published: January 2022

Под наблюдением находилось 448 детей в возрасте от 1 года до 3 лет, перенесших перинатальные поражения центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) гипоксически-ишемического генеза легкой и средней степени тяжести. Цель исследования — выявление социально-биологических факторов риска формирования низкого роста и дефицита массы тела у этих детей. В результате проведенного исследования выделены факторы риска и разработаны формализованные прогностические таблицы формирования дефицита массы и низкого роста у детей раннего возраста, перенесших перинатальные поражения ЦНС. Установлено, что для формирования низкого роста большое значение имеют биологические факторы, тогда как для дефицита массы — комплексное воздействие как биологических, так и социальных факторов.
Фармакогенетичні аспекти дезобструктивної терапії нападів бронхіальної астми в школярів
Authors: Mikaluk L.V.
Published: January 2022

На підставі комплексного обстеження 215 дітей шкільного віку, які страждають від бронхіальної астми, встановлено, що клінічні прояви тяжкості бронхообструктивного синдрому під час загострення захворювання не залежать від особливостей ацетиляторного статусу, проте гомозиготність за обома алелями гена глутатіонтрансферази (GSТT1+M1+) асоціюється з більшою тяжкістю нападів, а відсутність Т-алеля в дітей із повільним ацетиляторним фенотипом — із більш частим використанням системних глюкокортикостероїдів та дещо кращими результатами дезобструктивної терапії. Генотип GSТT1+M1+ у хворих із прискореними процесами ацетилювання суттєво підвищував ризик недостатньої ефективності дезобструктивної терапії (відношення шансів 12,4; відносний ризик — 6,4, абсолютний ризик — 50 %).
Внезапная сердечная смерть у детей. Часть 2
Authors: Pshenichnaya Ye.V.
Published: January 2022

В статье представлены диспластические изменения мышечно-клапанных структур сердца, нарушения ритма сердца и проводимости, сопряженные с риском внезапной сердечной смерти. Приведены диагностические критерии внезапной сердечной смерти, мероприятия сердечно-легочной реанимации, меры профилактики жизнеугрожающих состояний у детей.
Проблемні питання сучасного медичного забезпечення дітей шкільного віку в Україні
Authors: Krasnozhon S.V.
Published: January 2022

Стаття присвячена розробці принципів розподілу школярів на медичні групи для занять фізичним вихованням шляхом оцінки їх фізичного здоров’я й адаптаційних можливостей. Наведено обґрунтування нової методології й методики розподілу школярів на групи для занять фізичними вправами з урахуванням рівня здоров’я й фізичної працездатності. Встановлено, що найбільшу вірогідність та інформативність має методика кількісної експрес-оцінки рівня фізичного здоров’я дітей та підлітків Г.Л. Апанасенка, що дає можливість на долікарняному етапі проводити первинний скринінг із кількісним визначенням рівня індивідуального здоров’я школяра, а не наявності чи відсутності гострої або хронічної патології чи дефектів розвитку. Доведено, що рівні здоров’я за Г.Л. Апанасенком добре корелюють із показниками, що характеризують функціональний стан та адаптацію до фізичних навантажень дітей і підлітків. Пропонується як критерій для розподілу школярів на групи для занять фізичними вправами використовувати методику кількісної експрес-оцінки рівня фізичного здоров’я дітей та підлітків Г.Л. Апанасенка та впровадити застосування цієї технології в практику.
Лечение острых кишечных инфекций у детей
Authors: Kramarev S.A.
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена одной из наиболее серьезных проблем в педиатрии — острым кишечным инфекциям. Подробно рассматриваются вопросы лечения — регидратация, антибактериальная терапия, вспомогательная терапия. Даны рекомендации по диете детей с инфекционной диареей.
Вплив інформаційних технологій на здоров’я підлітків
Authors: Yeshchenko A.V.
Published: January 2022

У статті наведено сучасні дані щодо впливу на здоров’я підлітків комп’ютерних технологій, тривалого перебування у мережі Інтернет, використання мобільних телефонів. Описано розвиток адиктивної поведінки у підлітків — користувачів персональних комп’ютерів. Надано рекомендації щодо раціонального використання підлітками комп’ютерів та мобільних телефонів. Підкреслено необхідність спеціальної підготовки лікарів щодо надання медико-соціальної допомоги підліткам.