bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intentions and barriers to help-seeking in adolescents and young adults differing in depression severity: cross-sectional results from a school-based mental health project
Authors: Baldofski Sabrina , Scheider Jelena , Kohls Elisabeth , Klemm Sarah-Lena , Koenig Julian , Bauer Stephanie , Moessner Markus , Kaess Michael , Eschenbeck Heike , Lehner Laya , Becker Katja , Krämer Jennifer , Diestelkamp Silke , Thomasius Rainer , Rummel-Kluge Christine ,   the ProHEAD Consortium
Published: July 2024

Background

Mental health problems, such as depression, have a high prevalence in young people. However, the majority of youths suffering from depression do not seek professional help. This study aimed to compare help-seeking behavior, intentions and perceived barriers between youthswith different levels of depressive symptoms.

Methods

This cross-sectional study is part of a large-scale, multi-center project. Participants were n = 9509 youths who were recruited in German schools and completed a baseline screening questionnaire. Based on their depressive symptoms, youths were allocated to the following three subgroups: (a) without depressive symptoms, (b) with subclinical symptoms, (c) with clinical symptoms (measured by PHQ-A). Quantitative analyses compared previous help-seeking behavior, help-seeking intentions and perceived barriers (Barriers questionnaire) between these subgroups. An additional exploratory qualitative content analysis examined text answers on other perceived barriers to help-seeking.

Results

Participants were mostly female (n = 5575, 58.6%) and 12 to 24 years old (M = 15.09, SD 2.37). Participants with different levels of depressive symptoms differed significantly in help-seeking behavior, intentions and perceived barriers. Specifically, participants with clinical depressive symptoms reported more previous help-seeking, but lower intentions to seek help compared to participants without symptoms (all p < 0.05). Participants with subclinical depressive symptoms reported a similar frequency of previous help-seeking, but higher intentions to seek help compared to participants without symptoms (all p < 0.05). Perception of barriers was different across subgroups: participants with clinical and subclinical depressive symptoms perceived the majority of barriers such as stigma, difficulties in accessibility, and family-related barriers as more relevant than participants without depressive symptoms. Across all subgroups, participants frequently mentioned intrapersonal reasons, a high need for autonomy, and a lack of mental health literacy as barriers to help-seeking.

Conclusions

Youths with higher levels of depressive symptoms are more reluctant to seek professional help and perceive higher barriers. This underlines the need for effective and low-threshold interventions to tackle barriers, increase help-seeking, and lower depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults differing in depression severity.

Trial registration

DRKS00014685.
Interrelationship between thyroid hormones and reduced renal function, a review article
Authors: Agahi Sadaf , Amouzegar Atieh , Honarvar Mohammadjavad , Azizi Fereidoun , Mehran Ladan
Published: July 2024

Background

Understanding the relationship of thyroid hormones with the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has important clinical implications for managing patients with both thyroid and kidney dysfunction. In this review, our purpose was to provide a thorough comprehension of the interplay between thyroid hormones, thyroid dysfunctions, and CKD.

While there is evidence linking thyroid hormone levels to renal diseases, the association between thyroid hormones, specifically within the normal range, and the risk of CKD incidence is still a subject of debate. The Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched using the medical subject heading (MeSH) terms for the relevant keywords up to December 2023.

Conclusion

Based on the review, the development of CKD is more consistently associated with higher serum TSH and thereafter lower serum free T3 levels; however, its association with free T4 is more controversial. Furthermore, subclinical and overt hypothyroidisms were considerably associated with incident CKD. Hyperthyroidism and Hashimoto thyroiditis might increase the risk of CKD.
Study on the preventive effect of dexmedetomidine on anesthetic associated sleep disturbance in young to middle-aged female patients undergoing hysteroscopy: a study protocol for a crossover randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Xueru , Yan Lijuan , Wang Linhong , Chen Hanshen , Yang Bin
Published: July 2024

Background

Postoperative sleep disturbance has a potentially detrimental effect on postoperative recovery. Perioperative patients are affected by several factors. General anesthesia induces a non-physiological state that does not resemble natural sleep. Exposure to propofol/sevoflurane can lead to desynchronization of the circadian rhythm, which may result in postoperative sleep disturbance characterized by mid-cycle advancement of sleep and daytime sleepiness. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist with a unique sedative effect that facilitates the transition from sleep to wakefulness. Basic research has shown that dexmedetomidine induces deep sedation, similar to physical sleep, and helps maintain forebrain connectivity, which is likely to reduce delirium after surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of exposure to the mono-anesthetic propofol on the development of postoperative sleep disturbance in young and middle-aged female patients undergoing hysteroscopy and whether prophylactic administration of dexmedetomidine influences reducing postoperative sleep disturbance.

Methods

This prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) will include 150 patients undergoing hysteroscopy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University. Participants will be randomly assigned to three groups in a 1:1:1 ratio. The dexmedetomidine group will have two subgroups and will receive a nasal spray of 0.2 µg/kg or 0.5 µg/kg 25 min before surgery, while the control group will receive a saline nasal spray. Three groups will undergo hysteroscopy with propofol-based TIVA according to the same scheme. Sleep quality will be measured using a wearable device and double-blind sleep assessments will be performed before surgery and 1, 3, and 7 days after surgery. SPSS 2.0 is used for statistical analysis. A χ2 test is used to compare groups, and t-test is used to determine statistical the significance of continuous variables.

Discussion

The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of propofol-associated sleep disorders and to test a combination of dexmedetomidine anesthesia regimen for the prevention of postoperative sleep disorders. This study will help to improve patients’ postoperative satisfaction and provide a new strategy for comfortable perioperative medical treatment.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06281561. Registered on February 24, 2024.
Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of pure non-gestational uterine choriocarcinoma in a child: a case report
Authors: Darmawan Faisol , Fauzi Aditya Rifqi , Pratignyo Rogatianus Bagus , Kumaladewi Pieri , Rahmadanty Andrini Esha , Santhony Andreas Niko , Rinonce Hanggoro Tri , Gunadi
Published: July 2024

Background

Diagnosing non-gestational uterine choriocarcinoma in children is challenging because of its rarity and nonspecific imaging findings. Herein, we report a case of non-gestational uterine choriocarcinoma in a child, which was unexpectedly found during exploratory laparotomy and confirmed by histopathological findings. However, the tumor did not respond to chemotherapy.

Case presentation

A 4-year-old Indonesian female patient was brought into the emergency unit with chief complaint of vaginal bleeding. She had suffered from vaginal spotting 4 months before being admitted to the hospital. Physical examination revealed a distended abdomen in the left lumbar region and a palpable fixed mass with a smooth surface. Abdominal computed tomography scans revealed a large mass (10 × 6 × 12 cm) with fluid density and calcification. Thus, we suspected left ovarian teratoma. The patient’s luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and lactate dehydrogenase levels were 25.2 mIU/ml, 0.1 mIU/ml, and 406 U/l, respectively. According to the clinical and radiological findings, we decided to perform an exploratory laparotomy and found a tumor originating from the uterus, not the ovarium. We did not observe liver nodules and any enlargement of abdominal lymph nodes. Subsequently, we performed hysterectomy. The histopathological findings supported the diagnosis of choriocarcinoma. The patient was discharged uneventfully on postoperative day 5. Thereafter, the patient underwent nine cycles of chemotherapy, including carboplatin (600 mg/m2 IV), etoposide (120 mg/m2 IV), and bleomycin (15 mg/m2 IV). However, on the basis of the clinical findings of a palpable mass and partial intestinal obstruction, the tumor relapsed soon after the ninth cycle of chemotherapy. Currently, the patient is undergoing chemotherapy again.

Conclusions

Although pure non-gestational uterine choriocarcinoma is rare, it should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses for intraabdominal tumors in a child, so as to better guide and counsel families regarding the surgical plan and prognosis, respectively. In the present case, the patient’s response to chemotherapy was poor, implying that the treatment of non-gestational choriocarcinoma is still challenging, particularly in the pediatric population.
Impact on Glycemia Risk Index and other metrics in type 1 adult patients switching to Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop systems: a one-year real-life experience
Authors: Resmini Eugenia , Zarra Emanuela , Dotti Silvia , Rotondi Giulia , Cornaghi Angelo Vincenzo , Madaschi Sara , Cimino Elena , Massari Giulia , Pezzaioli Letizia Chiara , Buoso Caterina , Sandri Marco , Girelli Angela
Published: July 2024

Background

Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop system (AHCL) has profoundly changed type 1 diabetes therapy. This study primarily aimed to assess the impact on Glycemia Risk Index (GRI) and other continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics when switching from one of four insulin strategies to AHCL in type 1 adult patients.

Methods

A single-center, retrospective pre/post observational study; 198 patients (age 44.4 ± 12.7 years, 115 females/83 males, diabetes duration 24.7 ± 11.6 years, HbA1c 7.4 ± 1%), treated with different insulin therapies (MDI, CSII, SAP with PLGS, HCL) were assessed before and after switching to an AHCL (MiniMed 780G, Diabeloop Roche, Tandem Control-IQ) at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Mixed-effects multivariable regression models were used to estimate the mean pre/post variations at different time points, adjusted for potential confounders.

Results

A month after the switch, there was an improvement in CGM metrics and HbA1c for all patients: GRI −10.7, GMI −0.27%, CV −2.1%, TAR>250 −3.7%, TAR180-250 −5.6%, TIR + 9.7%, HbA1c −0.54% (all p < 0.001). This improvement was maintained throughout the observational period (at 3, 6, and 12 months, with all p-values < 0.001). When improvements across the 780, Diabeloop, and Tandem CIQ devices were compared: Diabeloop demonstrated significantly better performance in terms of GRI, GMI, CV, TAR>250 at T1 (for all p < 0.01); 780 recorded highest average decrease in TAR180-250 (p = 0.020), while Tandem achieved the most significant reduction in TBR54-69 (p = 0.004).

Conclusions

Adopting an AHCL leads to a rapid and sustained improvement in GRI and other parameters of metabolic control for up to a year, regardless of prior insulin therapies, baseline conditions or brands.
Telemetry without collars: performance of fur- and ear-mounted satellite tags for evaluating the movement and behaviour of polar bears
Authors: Ross Tyler R. , Thiemann Gregory W. , Kirschhoffer B. J. , Kirschhoffer Jon , York Geoff , Derocher Andrew E. , Johnson Amy C. , Lunn Nicholas J. , McGeachy David , Trim Vicki , Northrup Joseph M.
Published: July 2024

The study of animal movement provides insights into underlying ecological processes and informs analyses of behaviour and resource use, which have implications for species management and conservation. The tools used to study animal movement have evolved over the past decades, allowing for data collection from a variety of species, including those living in remote environments. Satellite-linked radio and GPS collars have been used to study polar bear (Ursus maritimus) ecology and movements throughout the circumpolar Arctic for over 50 years. However, due to morphology and growth constraints, only adult female polar bears can be reliably collared. Collars have proven to be safe, but there has been opposition to their use, resulting in a deficiency in data across much of the species’ range. To bolster knowledge of movement characteristics and behaviours for polar bears other than adult females, while also providing an alternative to collars, we tested the use of fur- and ear-mounted telemetry tags that can be affixed to polar bears of any sex and age. We tested three fur tag designs (SeaTrkr, tribrush and pentagon tags), which we affixed to 15 adult and 1 subadult male polar bears along the coast of Hudson Bay during August–September 2021–2022. Fur tags were compared with ear tags deployed on 42 subadult and adult male polar bears captured on the coast or the sea ice between 2016 and 2022. We used data from the tags to quantify the amount of time subadult and adult males spent resting versus traveling while on land. Our results show the three fur tag designs remained functional for shorter mean durations (SeaTrkr = 58 days; tribrush = 47 days; pentagon = 22 days) than ear tags (121 days), but positional error estimates were comparable among the Argos-equipped tags. The GPS/Iridium-equipped SeaTrkr fur tags provided higher resolution and more frequent location data. Combined, the tags provided sufficient data to model different behavioural states. Furthermore, as hypothesized, subadult and adult male polar bears spent the majority of their time resting while on land, increasing time spent traveling as temperatures cooled. Fur tags show promise as a short-term means of collecting movement data from free-ranging polar bears.
The persian version of the fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire among iranian post-surgery patients: a translation and psychometrics
Authors: Sharif-Nia Hamid , Froelicher Erika Sivarajan , Shafighi Amir Hossein , Osborne Jason W. , Fatehi Reza , Nowrozi Poorya , Mohammadi Bita
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Fear-avoidance beliefs (FAB) play a crucial role in the treatment outcomes of post-surgery patients. These beliefs can lead to activity avoidance, increased pain, and decreased quality of life. Therefore, accurately measuring these beliefs in Iranian patients is of significant importance. The Fear-Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ) is a patient-reported questionnaire that evaluates individuals’ FAB. Since the validity and reliability of the Persian version of FABQ (FABQ-P) have not been assessed based on the Iranian population and sociocultural contexts, the current study has been implemented to determine the reliability and validity of the FABQ-P among Iranian post-operative patients by translation and psychometric properties.

Methods

This methodological study conducted in 2023, a sample of 400 patients who had undergone surgery were selected using a convenience sampling method. The scale used in the study was translated and its psychometric properties were evaluated through network analysis and assessments of construct validity (including exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis), convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Additionally, the study assessed the internal consistency of the scale.

Results

The MLEFA results with Promax and Kaiser Normalization rotation yielded two factors explaining 57.91% of the variance, encompassing 13 items. Also, the model was approved by CFA. Convergent and discriminant validity have been confirmed through the following criteria: Average Variance Extracted (AVE) exceeding 0.5, Composite Reliability (CR) surpassing 0.7, and Heterotrait-Monotrait Ratio of Correlations (HTMT) equating to 0.597. As for reliability, Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability (CR), and MaxR for all constructs were greater than 0.7, demonstrating good internal consistency.

Conclusion

As demonstrated by the results, the FABQ-P has a satisfactory level of reliability along with authentic validity according to the sociocultural contexts of Iranian post-operative patients.
DNA methylation, but not microRNA expression, is affected by in vitro THC exposure in bovine granulosa cells
Authors: Floccari Sabrina , Sabry Reem , Choux Laurie , Neal Michael S. , Khokhar Jibran Y. , Favetta Laura A.
Published: July 2024

Background

A global increase in cannabis use has led to questions about its effects on fertility. The rise in consumption amongst women of reproductive age is a growing concern, as this group is vulnerable in terms of reproductive health. Ample evidence suggests that the psychoactive component of cannabis, Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), interacts with the endocannabinoid system (ECS), that helps regulate mammalian reproduction. This study aimed to research the epigenetic effects of THC in bovine granulosa cells (GCs) by (1) investigating global DNA methylation via measuring 5-mC and 5-hmC levels; (2) measuring key methylation regulators, including the methylating enzymes DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b and the demethylases TDG and TET1/2/3; and (3) assessing fertility-associated miRNAs key in developmental competency, including miR-21, -155, -33b, -324 and -346.

Methods

Bovine GCs were used as a translational model for reproductive toxicity in humans. To determine THC effects, GCs were isolated from Cumulus-Oocyte-Complexes (COCs) from bovine ovaries, cultured in vitro for 7 days, or until confluent, and cryopreserved at passage 1 (P1). For experimentation, cells were thawed, cultured until passage 2 (P2), serum restricted for 24-h and treated for 24-h in one of five groups: control, vehicle (1:1:18 ethanol: tween: saline) and three clinically relevant THC doses (0.032, 0.32 and 3.2 μM). Global methylation was assessed by measuring 5-mC and 5-hmC levels with flow cytometry. To assess mRNA and protein expression of methylation regulators and miRNA profiles, qPCR and Western Blotting were utilized. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine normality within datasets. One-way ANOVA was applied to determine statistical significance using GraphPad Prism 6.0.0.

Results

Results indicate a significant decrease (p = 0.0435) in 5-mC levels following low THC exposure, while no changes were observed in 5-hmC levels. A significant increase in DNMT1 following high THC exposure at the RNA level (p < 0.05) and a significant increase following low THC exposure at the protein level (p = 0.0048) were also observed. No significant differences were observed in DNMT3a/3b, TDG, TET1/2/3 mRNAs or in any of the miRNAs analyzed.

Conclusions

This research suggests that THC mainly affects DNA methylation, but not miRNA profiles, ultimately altering gene expression and likely impairing oocyte competence, maturation, and fertilization potential.
Exploring the implementation and perception of competency-based assessment practices among Vietnamese EFL instructors
Authors: Yen Phuong Hoang , Thao Le Thanh
Published: July 2024

This qualitative study explored the perspectives of Vietnamese English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers on the implementation of competency-based assessment (CBA) within the higher education context. Amidst the global shift towards competency-based education, this research aimed to understand how instructors in Vietnam navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by CBA, focusing on its impact on teaching practices and student learning. The objective of this study was to examine the adaptations and responses of EFL teachers to the implementation of CBA, identifying how these adaptations influence teaching effectiveness and student learning experiences. Employing semi-structured interviews with 10 EFL teachers from two institutions, the study was grounded in constructivist and social constructivist theoretical frameworks, facilitating a nuanced exploration of the participants’ experiences. The findings revealed several key themes: significant challenges in transitioning to CBA, including adapting to new methodologies and a lack of resources; the transformative potential of CBA for enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes; the need for targeted professional development to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical implementation skills; and the role of CBA in fostering critical thinking, problem-solving skills, student autonomy, and inclusivity. Additionally, the study highlighted the complexities of providing effective, individualized feedback within CBA frameworks. The discussion underscores the importance of these findings in informing the development of more effective competency-based educational strategies and highlights recommendations for enhancing teacher training and assessment design to better support competency development. These insights contribute to the discourse on competency-based language education, suggesting implications for policy, practice, and future research. By highlighting the specific challenges and strategies employed by Vietnamese EFL teachers, this study offers valuable perspectives for instructors, policymakers, and researchers aiming to advance the implementation of competency-based assessment in language education globally.
Alendronate treatment rescues the effects of compressive loading of TMJ in osteogenesis imperfecta mice
Authors: Chen Po-Jung , Mehta Shivam , Dutra Eliane H. , Yadav Sumit
Published: July 2024

Background

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder of connective tissue caused by mutations associated with type I collagen, which results in defective extracellular matrix in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage and subchondral bone. TMJ is a fibrocartilaginous joint expressing type I collagen both in the cartilage and the subchondral bone. In the present study the effects of alendronate and altered loading of the TMJ was analyzed both in male and female OI mice.

Materials and methods

Forty-eight, 10-weeks-old male and female OI mice were divided into 3 groups: (1) Control group: unloaded group, (2) Saline + Loaded: Saline was injected for 2 weeks and then TMJ of mice was loaded for 5 days, (3) alendronate + loaded: alendronate was injected for 2 weeks and then TMJ of mice was loaded for 5 days. Mice in all the groups were euthanized 24-h after the final loading.

Results

Alendronate pretreatment led to significant increase in bone volume and tissue density. Histomorphometrically, alendronate treatment led to increase in mineralization, cartilage thickness and proteoglycan distribution. Increased mineralization paralleled decreased osteoclastic activity. Our immunohistochemistry revealed decreased expression of matrix metallopeptidase 13 and ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 5.

Conclusion

The findings of this research support that alendronate prevented the detrimental effects of loading on the extracellular matrix of the TMJ cartilage and subchondral bone.
Comparison of the dosimetry of scandium-43 and scandium-44 patient organ doses in relation to commonly used gallium-68 for imaging neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Gomes Carlos Vinícius , Mendes Bruno Melo , Paixão Lucas , Gnesin Silvano , Müller Cristina , van der Meulen Nicholas P. , Strobel Klaus , Fonseca Telma Cristina Ferreira , Lima Thiago Viana Miranda
Published: July 2024

Background

Several research groups have explored the potential of scandium radionuclides for theragnostic applications due to their longer half-lives and equal or similar coordination chemistry between their diagnostic and therapeutic counterparts, as well as lutetium-177 and terbium-161, respectively. Unlike the gallium-68/lutetium-177 pair, which may show different in-vivo uptake patterns, the use of scandium radioisotopes promises consistent behaviour between diagnostic and therapeutic radiopeptides. An advantage of scandium’s longer half-life over gallium-68 is the ability to study radiopeptide uptake over extended periods and its suitability for centralized production and distribution. However, concerns arise from scandium-44’s decay characteristics and scandium-43’s high production costs. This study aimed to evaluate the dosimetric implications of using scandium radioisotopes with somatostatin analogues against gallium-68 for PET imaging of neuroendocrine tumours.

Methods

Absorbed dose per injected activity (AD/IA) from the generated time-integrated activity curve (TIAC) were estimated using the radiopeptides [43/44/44mSc]Sc- and [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE. The kidneys, liver, spleen, and red bone marrow (RBM) were selected for dose estimation studies. The EGSnrc and MCNP6.1 Monte Carlo (MC) codes were used with female (AF) and male (AM) ICRP phantoms. The results were compared to Olinda/EXM software, and the effective dose concentrations assessed, varying composition between the scandium radioisotopes.

Results

Our findings showed good agreement between the MC codes, with − 3 ± 8% mean difference. Kidneys, liver, and spleen showed differences between the MC codes (min and max) in a range of − 4% to 8%. This was observed for both phantoms for all radiopeptides used in the study. Compared to Olinda/EXM the largest observed difference was for the RBM, of 21% for the AF and 16% for the AM for scandium- and gallium-based radiopeptides. Despite the differences, our findings showed a higher absorbed dose on [43/44Sc]Sc-DOTATATE compared to its 68Ga-based counterpart.

Conclusion

This study found that [43/44Sc]Sc-DOTATATE delivers a higher absorbed dose to organs at risk compared to [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE, assuming equal distribution. This is due to the longer half-life of scandium radioisotopes compared to gallium-68. However, calculated doses are within acceptable ranges, making scandium radioisotopes a feasible replacement for gallium-68 in PET imaging, potentially offering enhanced diagnostic potential with later timepoint imaging.
A direct and analytical method for inverse problems under uncertainty in energy system design: combining inverse simulation and Polynomial Chaos theory
Authors: Schwarz Sebastian , Carta Daniele , Monti Antonello , Benigni Andrea
Published: July 2024

This article introduces and formalizes a novel stochastic method that combines inverse simulation with the theory of generalized Polynomial Chaos (gPC) to solve and study inverse problems under uncertainty in energy system design applications. The method is particularly relevant to design tasks where only a deterministic forward model of a physical system is available, in which a target design quantity is an input to the model that cannot be obtained directly, but can be quantified reversely via the outputs of the model. In this scenario, the proposed method offers an analytical and direct approach to invert such system models. The method puts emphasis on user-friendliness, as it enables its users to conduct the inverse simulation under uncertainty directly in the gPC domain by redefining basic algebra operations for computations. Moreover, the method incorporates an optimization-based approach to integrate supplementary constraints on stochastic quantities. This feature enables the solution of inverse problems bounding the statistical moments of stochastic system variables. The authors exemplify the application of the proposed method with proof-of-concept tests in energy system design, specifically performing uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis for a Multi-Energy System (MES). The findings demonstrate the high accuracy of the method as well as clear advantages over conventional sampling-based methods when dealing with a small number of stochastic variables in a system or model. However, the case studies also highlight the current limitations of the proposed method such as slow execution speed due to the optimization-based approach and the challenges associated with, for example, the curse of dimensionality in gPC.
Perioperative management of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: an overview
Authors: Pillitteri Marta , Brogi Etrusca , Piagnani Chiara , Bozzetti Giuseppe , Forfori Francesco
Published: July 2024

Resembling the morphology of Japanese polyp vessels, the classic form of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by the presence of systolic dysfunction of the mid-apical portion of the left ventricle associated with basal hyperkinesia. It is believed that this may be due to a higher density of β-adrenergic receptors in the context of the apical myocardium, which could explain the greater sensitivity of the apex to fluctuations in catecholamine levels.

The syndrome is precipitated by significant emotional stress or acute severe pathologies, and it is increasingly diagnosed during the perioperative period. Indeed, surgery, induction of general anaesthesia and critical illness represent potential harmful trigger of stress cardiomyopathy. No universally accepted guidelines are currently available, and, generally, the treatment of TTS relies on health care personal experience and/or local practice. In our daily practice, anaesthesiologists can be asked to manage patients with the diagnosis of new-onset Takotsubo before elective surgery or an emergent surgery in a patient with a concomitant stress cardiomyopathy. Even more, stress cardiomyopathy can arise as a complication during the operation.

In this paper, we aim to provide an overview of Takotsubo syndrome and to discuss how to manage Takotsubo during surgery and in anaesthesiologic special settings.
Suspected olfactory meningioma and synchronous pituitary microadenoma in a canine patient treated with radiation therapy
Authors: Vanhaezebrouck Isabelle F. , Valenzuela Carlos R. Mendez , Bentley R. Timothy , Scarpelli Matthew L. , Blake Jeanna , Ekenstedt Kari
Published: July 2024

The authors report on the rare occurrence of dual synchronous primary brain tumors in a canine patient, successful treatment with radiation therapy, and medical therapy with patient stabilization for almost three years. A 12.5-year-old spayed mixed-breed female Labrador was referred to Purdue Veterinary Hospital to treat hyperadrenocorticism of suspected pituitary origin. During MRI imaging, the presence of two possible brain neoplasms was detected: a possible right olfactory bulb meningioma and a microadenoma of the pituitary gland. The patient was treated with a fractionated course of radiation in both tumors, 15 treatments of 3Gy, which limited the tumor growth. Mitotane therapy corrected the hormonal dysregulation. The dog had a normal life for nearly three years and recently passed. Cancer cells were not found at necropsy. No MEN1 germline mutations were identified in constitutional DNA (from blood) via high-coverage whole genome sequencing.
It Takes Two: Online and In-person Discussions Offer Complementary Learning Opportunities for Students
Authors: Garces Kylea R. , Sexton Aaron N. , Hazelwood Abigail , Steffens Nathan , Fuselier Linda , Christian Natalie
Published: July 2024

We use qualitative and quantitative methods to compare critical thinking, discussion quality and perception towards online discussion boards versus traditional in-person discussions as brought on by the COVID19 pandemic. We find higher levels of critical thinking online, while in-person discussions are higher quality and perceived positively.
Seizing Control: Primary Visual Cortex Epilepsy Treated With Resection and Responsive Neurostimulation: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Merenzon Martín A. , Lamsam Layton , McGrath Hari , Sivaraju Adithya , Hirsch Lawrence J. , Cukiert Arthur , Zibly Zion , Spencer Dennis D. , Damisah Eyiyemisi C.
Published: July 2024

Occipital lobe epilepsy is a debilitating condition, and surgical resection has been effective, though challenges arise because of the cortex's function.
1-7
Approximately 57% of patients with normal vision experience new visual field deficits postoperatively.
8
A combined approach of resection and responsive neurostimulation (RNS) could aid in decreasing the visual field area severed and the disability tied to it while obtaining seizure freedom.
9,10
We aimed to present a case of medically refractory occipital lobe epilepsy with involvement of the primary visual cortex treated with a combined approach. The patient consented to the procedure and to the publication of his image. Any identifiable individuals consented to publication of his/her image.

A 21-year-old right-handed male experienced refractory epilepsy since age 1 year. His first seizure was a severe refractory status epilepticus which resulted in cardiac arrest. His usual seizure semiology exhibited focal impaired awareness to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures occurring monthly. Noninvasive tests did not provide precise localization, but the intracranial electroencephalogram confirmed seizure onset in the right cuneus with rapid spread to the lingual gyrus and the superior parietal lobe. We performed a corticectomy
11
of the seizure onset zone and used RNS to address spreading areas in the parietal and occipital lobe. A complete lobectomy was avoided to prevent postoperative homonymous hemianopsia in a previously intact patient. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 3 with a nondisabling left inferior quadrantanopia. No clinical seizures were detected after RNS was turned on, rendering so far 8.5 months of seizure freedom.

The combined surgical approach appears promising for medically refractory epilepsy involving functional areas.
Αγίες - ιατροί της ύστερης αρχαιότητας και της βυζαντινής περιόδου
Authors: Φώτου Ιωάννα
Published: July 2024

Η βυζαντινή ιατρική, αν και ποτέ δεν έπαψε να αντιμετωπίζει ως αυθεντίες του κλάδου τον Ιπποκράτη και τον Γαληνό, καλλιεργήθηκε παράλληλα με τις υπόλοιπες επιστήμες και επηρέασε τόσο τις ιατρικές επιστήμες γειτονικών χωρών στον μεσαίωνα, όσο και την νεότερη ελληνική ιατρική επιστήμη. Ο χριστιανισμός, εύλογα, επηρέασε και την ιατρική, όπως άλλωστε όλους τους κλάδους της κοινωνίας του Βυζαντίου εν γένει. Η πίστη αποτέλεσε μέρος της επιστήμης, η οποία πλέον είχε μια θαυματουργική χροιά. Πολλοί άγιοι ιατροί προσέφεραν τις υπηρεσίες τους αφιλοκερδώς, ενώ επίσης άλλοι εύποροι ή και υψηλά ιστάμενοι χριστιανοί δημιούργησαν τα πρώτα οργανωμένα νοσοκομεία. Σε αυτό το πολιτικό κλίμα, κατά την πρώιμη βυζαντινή περίοδο μαρτυρούνται πολλοί χριστιανοί, οι οποίοι αντιστάθηκαν στους διωγμούς, δεν αρνήθηκαν την πίστη τους και κατά αυτόν τον τρόπο αγίασαν. Μάλιστα, πολλοί από αυτούς τους μάρτυρες ασκούσαν την ιατρική, είτε τη λεγόμενη καθαρή, ή και τη θαυματουργική σε όποιες περιπτώσεις χρειαζόταν. Μία τέτοια μάρτυρας ήταν και η Αγία Ερμιόνη, η οποία, επί αυτοκράτορα Αδριανού, είχε καταστήσει το σπίτι της σε ένα ευαγές ίδρυμα, αφού δεχόταν όλους τους περαστικούς από την πόλη της Εφέσου και τους φιλοξενούσε, φροντίζοντας, παράλληλα, τα τυχόν τραύματά τους. Η Αγία Ερμιόνη δεν δείλιασε μπροστά στις δοκιμασίες του αυτοκράτορα και κατάφερε να αντισταθεί στις πιέσεις του για να ασπαστεί την ειδωλολατρία και εν τέλει να οδηγήσει στον χριστιανισμό και άλλους μάρτυρες, πριν παραδώσει το πνεύμα της. Η Αγία Βλανδίνα, υπήρξε μάρτυρας της Λυόν και μαρτύρησε μαζί με πλήθος άλλων χριστιανών στην περιοχή της μεσαιωνικής Γαλατίας. Αντιμετώπισε με σθένος τα σκληρά βασανιστήρια στα οποία οδηγήθηκε από την τοπική ρωμαϊκή διοίκηση και μάλιστα έφερε και τον ρόλο της μητέρας για τους άλλους μάρτυρες, οι οποίοι βλέποντας την κυριεύοντας από θάρρος για να συνεχίσουν τη δοκιμασία τους. Η ίδια παρέδωσε το πνεύμα της αφού πρώτα άντεξε πολλαπλά βασανιστήρια. Τέλος, η Αγία Ζηναΐς, υπήρξε ανάργυρος ιατρός μαζί με την αδελφή της Φιλονήλλα, θεραπεύοντας πάσης φύσεως νόσους. Η φήμη της μεγάλωσε τόσο ώστε ο διάβολος διέβαλε κάποιους ανθρώπους της άρχουσας τάξης της περιοχής και τους ανάγκασε να την κυνηγήσουν. Εκείνη παρέδωσε το πνεύμα της πριν καταφέρουν να τη συλλάβουν και ο τάφος υπήρξε πηγή θαυμάτων για τους κατοπινούς ανθρώπους.
Transformative Learning as a Theoretical Field
Authors: Hoggan Chad , Hoggan-Kloubert Tetyana
Published: July 2024

The phenomenon of change, of transformation, is just as relevant today as it was in the seventies when the concept of transformative learning was first developed. One might even argue that transformation has gained even more significance globally. This journal issue is a timely inquiry into the current state of its theoretical development, and we are grateful for the opportunity to respond to the questions posed by the editors.
Invitation to participate in the “Transformative Learning Future Orientations Study”
Authors: Kedraka Katerina
Published: July 2024

ANNEX

Invitation to participate in the “Transformative Learning Future Orientations Study”
Investigating the nursery function of the Alboran MPA on the Mediterranean coast of Morocco
Authors: MASSKI HICHAM , SETTIH JAMAL , RAGMANE SOUKAINA , TAI IMANE , BENZIANE MERIEM , NAJI MOHAMED
Published: July 2024

Coastal habitats provide shelter and food for juvenile fish, ensuring their survival and supporting a range of species that are both commercially and ecologically important. The Alboran Marine Protected Area (MPA) off the Mediterranean coast of Morocco has been identified as a nursery area, although this role has never been the subject of characterisation. This study investigates the nursery function of habitats at six sites, two of which have seasonally flooded rivers with small persistent lagoons (transition systems) actively connected to the sea. Mixed sand-and-gravel beaches and transition systems were surveyed using a beach seine (four hauls) during two consecutive summer periods (June 2019 and July 2020), and a beam trawl was used in July 2020 in order to survey shallow waters at three depths: 3, 5 and 7 m. The use of both fishing methods provided a comprehensive assessment of juvenile fish communities. Different habitats in these coastal areas supported juvenile fish of 31 different species, with higher species richness and densities of young-of-the-year (YOY; first year of life) fish in transition systems despite their limited surface area and depth. Shallow marine waters supported fish species with specific microhabitat requirements despite lower overall YOY fish densities. The Alboran MPA coast has a nursery function, with different habitats acting as nurseries for juveniles of different fish species, creating a seascape of interconnected nursery habitats. As low densities of juvenile fish were a common concern across species and habitats, protecting these nursery habitats through enforcement of their protection regime appears to be a priority.
Using Grocery Data for Credit Decisions
Authors: Lee Jung Youn , Yang Joonhyuk , Anderson Eric T.
Published: July 2024

Many consumers across the world struggle to gain access to credit because of their lack of credit scores. This paper explores the potential of a new alternative data source, grocery transaction data, for evaluating consumers’ creditworthiness. Our analysis takes advantage of a unique, individual-level match of credit card data and supermarket loyalty card data. By developing credit scoring algorithms that either exclude or include grocery data, we illustrate both the incremental value of grocery data for credit decisions and its boundary conditions. We demonstrate that signals from grocery data can improve credit approval decisions, particularly for individuals who lack traditional credit scores. Furthermore, as a consumer establishes a relationship with lenders and builds a credit history, the marginal value of incorporating grocery data diminishes. These findings highlight the potential of grocery data in informing credit decisions and, consequently, in enabling financial institutions to extend credit to consumers who lack traditional credit scores.

This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, marketing.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02364 .
A Short and General Duality Proof for Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization
Authors: Zhang Luhao , Yang Jincheng , Gao Rui
Published: July 2024

Wasserstein distributionally robust optimization has emerged as a recent topic with broader applications in operations research and machine learning. Various proofs have been presented in the literature, each differing in assumptions and levels of generality. In “A Short and General Duality Proof for Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization,” Zhang, Yang, and Gao present a novel elementary proof that not only shortens existing frameworks but also offers surprising generalizations. Leveraging classical Legendre—Fenchel duality, they demonstrate that strong duality is contingent on a certain interchangeability principle. Moreover, they extend this duality result to encompass risk-averse optimization and globalized distributionally robust counterparts.
The Comparative Study of Narrative Comprehension in Children according to Interactive Reading Strategies with Adults
Authors: Lim Hye Eun , Lee Sora , Lee Ji Soo , Lee Jihyeon , Yim Dongsun
Published: July 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adult’s three reading strategies, eliciting questions, non-eliciting questions, and comments, on the narrative comprehension of typically developing children (TD) compared to vocabulary delayed children (VD) in order to find out the most effective reading strategy for children’s narrative comprehension. Methods: A total of 39 TD and 14 VD children aged 4-to 6-years old were randomly placed in groups using one of three reading strategies and then given two types of narrative comprehension tasks (literal comprehension, inferential comprehension) after a storybook reading session. Results: First, for literal comprehension, the main effects were found to be statistically significant in both the VD and TD children’s groups and reading strategies. And the interaction of reading strategies between child groups was found to be statistically significant. For the literal comprehension task, eliciting questions were found to be the most effective reading strategy for TD children, whereas non-eliciting was found to be the most effective for VD children. Secondly, for the inferential comprehension task, neither the main effect nor the interaction of the reading strategies between child groups was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The results suggest that the three reading strategies are effective in literal comprehension in both child groups. Among three strategies, eliciting questions will be the most helpful for TD children, while non-eliciting questions will be the most helpful for VD children. The study can further provide essential information for developing book reading intervention protocols that can enhance children’s narrative comprehension.
Ukraine scheme care pressures
Authors: Badnall Toni
Published: July 2024

Toni Badnall explains what councils can do to ensure they have sufficient resources to support young Ukrainian refugees
The nonnegative inverse eigenvalue problem with prescribed zero patterns in dimension three
Authors: Ran André C. M. , Teng Zhixuan (Emily)
Published: July 2024

The nonnegative inverse eigenvalue problem is considered in this paper with the additional restriction of fixed zero patterns in the matrix. A full analysis of the $3\times 3$ case is given. Some remarks on the four-dimensional case are made.
Order relations of the Wasserstein mean and the spectral geometric mean
Authors: Gan Luyining , Huang Huajun
Published: July 2024

On the space of positive definite matrices, several operator means are popular and have been studied extensively. In this paper, we investigate the near order and the Löwner order relations on the curves defined by the Wasserstein mean and the spectral geometric mean. We show that the near order $\preceq $ is stronger than the eigenvalue entrywise order and that $A\natural_t B \preceq A\diamond_t B$ for $t\in [0,1]$. We prove the monotonicity properties of the curves originated from the Wasserstein mean and the spectral geometric mean in terms of the near order. The Löwner order properties of the Wasserstein mean and the spectral geometric mean are also explored.
Return to Sports in Stress Reaction and Stress Fractures in Indian Athletes: A Case Series
Authors: Uppal Harleen ,   Sports Injury Center, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India,, Rai Siddharth , Joshi Nitin , Joshi Deepak ,   Apex Trauma Center, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India,,   Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India.,   Sports Injury Center, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India,
Published: July 2024

Introduction: A stress fracture is a painful condition which occurs when the adaptive ability of the bone is unbalanced. This imbalance predominantly occurs due to increased intensity, frequency, or duration of training. Identifying the etiology of stress fracture and its proper treatment prevents recurrence. Besides, evidence-based and supervised rehabilitation is indispensable for permanent remission of pain and return to sports to preinjury functional levels. The case series discusses the continuum of stress reaction to stress fracture in athletes, causes of stress fractures, their management, and return to sport. The paper aims to give a clear discussion about the management with rehabilitation guidelines for metabolic causes of stress fractures. Case Report: This study was a case series of five cases coming to Sports Medicine outpatient clinic of Sports Injury Centre, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, and physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinic of Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow over a period of 1 year. The discussed cases are young Indian athletes, both male and females, who have presentation along the continuum of medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) to stress reactions and stress fracture. Conclusion: The findings of the paper highlight the significance of rehabilitation for individuals suffering from MTSS. Accurate diagnosis with targeted rehabilitation leads to quicker return to sports. The rehabilitation program comprises of identifying and treating the cause of stress fracture, removing any risk factors, biomechanical correction wherever indicated, structured exercise program, training in underwater treadmill, cyclical increase in loading, reducing activity every 3rd week. Key words: Medial tibial stress syndrome, stress fracture, shin splints, rehabilitation, return to sports.