bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalência de incontinência urinária em gestantes de alto risco e fatores associados
Authors: Remboski dos Santos Ana Júlia , Margarida Odorcik Tavares Diane , Merigo Nascimento Cassiane , Cecatto Vanessa , Black Laura Vitória
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A Incontinência Urinária (IU), é um problema de saúde pública e definida como toda perda involuntária de urina. Na maior parte dos casos, afeta o público feminino, sendo os principais fatores de risco a gestação, o parto e o envelhecimento. Objetivo: Verificou-se a prevalência de incontinência urinária em gestantes de alto risco e os fatores associados. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e observacional. Foi aplicado questionário próprio para obtenção dos dados e questionário de qualidade de vida. A amostra foi composta por 150 gestantes de alto risco, com uma média de idade de 29,49 (± 6,76) anos. Resultados: Nesta amostra, 45% (68) referiram sintomas de IU, sendo a Incontinência Urinária de Esforço (IUE) o tipo mais prevalente, e o segundo trimestre o momento em que mais se desenvolveu a IU. Ao analisar as variáveis socioepidemiológicas como doenças prévias e gestacionais, idade, escolaridade, renda, número de gestações e partos, não houve diferenças significativas entre as gestantes continentes e incontinentes. Quanto ao conhecimento sobre a IU, o estudo mostrou um déficit significativo nessa população. A causa da IU se mostrou multifatorial dentre as gestantes de alto risco, sem a possibilidade de elencar o principal fator desencadeante. Conclusão: Cabe aos fisioterapeutas e profissionais da saúde o trabalho de repassar informações através de palestras e campanhas a fim de educar todas as mulheres sobre a IU, fatores de risco e formas de prevenção, uma vez que o estudo mostrou que, dificilmente, se pode prever qual gestante vai desenvolver a IU.

Palavras-chave: Serviços de Fisioterapia; Ginecologia; Obstetrícia; Incontinência Urinária; Gravidez de Alto Risco.
Aspectos da flexibilidade relacionados à diabetes mellitus e à obesidade em indivíduos entre 41 e 80 anos de idade
Authors: de Oliveira Chaves Tiago , Grüne de Souza e Silva Christina , Vieira Duarte Carlos
Published: February 2025

Introdução: A flexibilidade é um componente da aptidão física relacionada à saúde e pode diminuir com a idade, com o sedentarismo e com doenças crônico-degenerativas. Objetivo: Comparou-se a flexibilidade e a variabilidade das suas medidas em indivíduos com idade entre 41 e 80 anos com ou sem obesidade e/ou diabetes mellitus. Métodos: 1069 indivíduos (71,7% homens) foram classificados em quatro grupos: não-diabéticos e não-obesos (N-DM/OB), obesos (OB), diabéticos (DM) e diabéticos-obesos (DM/OB). A flexibilidade foi avaliada pelo Flexiteste. Foi determinado o Flexíndice (FLX), um indicador global dos 20 movimentos que posteriormente foram expressos em percentis para idade e sexo (P-FLX). Foi avaliado os índices de variabilidade interarticular (IVIA) e intermovimento (IVIM). O primeiro permitiu avaliar a variabilidade entre a pontuação dos movimentos das sete articulações e o segundo informou a variabilidade entre as pontuações dos 20 movimentos. Foram avaliados indicadores de gordura subcutânea global e por distribuição. Resultados: O P-FLX foi maior nos N-DM/OB (49[28-70]) do que DM (26[10-45]), OB (17[5-38]) e DM/OB (11[3-30]) (p<0,01) e a variabilidade na flexibilidade foi menor em N-DM/OB (p<0,01). A soma das dobras cutâneas foi menor nos grupos N-DM/OB (93,3 [78,3-114,9] e DM (93,3 [74,6-117,4]) (p<0,01). A razão das dobras periféricas e centrais foi menor em N-DM/OB (1,45 [0,95-2,01]) do que OB (1,58 [1,21-2,06]), DM/OB (1,64 [1,24-2,32]) e DM (1,83 [1,29-2,35]) (p<0,01). Conclusão: Indivíduos entre 41 e 80 anos de idade com diabetes e/ou obesidade apresentaram níveis mais baixos de flexibilidade e uma maior variabilidade na mobilidade passiva entre as várias articulações e movimentos.

Palavras-chave: Síndrome metabólica; obesidade; exercício físico; estilo de vida.
Optimización de sistemas de bombeo en redes de distribución de agua: análisis de eficiencia energética y reducción de pérdidas por fricción
Authors: Mañay Yanez Erick Ismael , Hidalgo Osorio William Armando , Vásquez Carrera Paco Jovanni
Published: February 2025

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los sistemas de bombeo en redes de distribución de agua con el fin de mejorar la eficiencia energética y reducir las pérdidas por fricción. La metodología sistemática se llevó a cabo en 4 fases: evaluación de la red de distribución de agua, modelado y simulación de los sistemas de agua, implementación de tecnología y control de monitoreo, y ajuste de la tecnología de control. Se utilizaron los programas EPANET y WaterGEMS para el modelado. Otras tecnologías, como los variadores de frecuencia y los sistemas SCADA, fueron utilizadas para el control y monitoreo en tiempo real. Los principales resultados mostraron mejoras significativas en el consumo de energía (25-35%) y una reducción en las pérdidas por fricción. La optimización hidráulica de los puntos de mejor eficiencia (BEP) de las bombas causó un aumento del 15% en la eficiencia operativa. Con SCADA, las pérdidas operativas de agua debido a fugas se redujeron en un 15% gracias a un sistema de detección y respuesta rápida. Los costos operativos anuales disminuyeron entre un 20 y un 30%, mientras que la huella de carbono se redujo en un 25%. Además, el ciclo de vida del equipo se mejoró en un 30%. El estudio concluyó que la optimización de los sistemas de bombeo en redes de distribución de agua es clave para lograr una gestión sostenible de los recursos hídricos, aumentar la eficiencia energética, disminuir gastos y reducir el impacto ambiental.
Konsep Pendidikan dalam Islam
Authors: Muthmainnah Choliq  , Qurrotul 'Aini Salsabila  , Halwa Khoerunnisa
Published: February 2025

Pendidikan Islam merupakan pilar penting dalam membangun peradaban yang berkemajuan, dengan memahami tujuan, prinsip, dan metode. Banyak lembaga pendidikan Islam, baik formal maupun non formal, yang berkontribusi dalam mencetak generasi penerus bangsa yang beriman, berakhlak mulia, dan berilmu pengetahuan yang di dasari dengan keimanan dan ke-Islaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana konsep pendidikan Islam dalam penerapan dan penanaman nilai-nilai Islam, khususnya di Pondok Pesantren Gontor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kepustakaan. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa buku-buku, jurnal ilmiah, artikel, dan dokumen-dokumen resmi yang berkaitan dengan konsep pendidikan dalam Islam dan kurikulum pendidikan Islam khususnya di Pondok Pesantren Gontor. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan konsep pendidikan Islam dalam penerapan dan penanaman nilai-nilai Islam di lembaga pendidikan Islam. Dalam hal ini Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor terus berupaya untuk menerapkan pendidikan Islam yang  holistik melalui pembinaan santri-santri dengan nilai-nilai Islam,yang dikenal dengan kurikulum 24 jam,baik tertulis dan tersembunyi atau hidden curriculum  melalui pengawasan dan kegiatan selama 24 jam yang membentuk akhlak dan perilaku santri.
Pemikiran Pendidikan Islam Syekh Hassan Al-Banna
Authors: Hesti Suci April Lia  , Muhammad Syarifuddin
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian perpustakaan (library research) bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemikiran pendidikan Islam Hasan Al-Banna. Pendidikan berarti suatu proses pengubahan sikap dan tingkah laku seseorang atau kelompok orang peserta didik dalam usaha mendewasakan melalui upaya pengajaran, pelatihan. Melalui upaya ini diharapkan agar pendidikan yang ditawarkan mampu berapresiasi terhadap dinamika peradaban modern secara adaptik proprsional tanpa harus melepaskan nilai-nilai Ilahiyah sebagai warna nilai control. Hasan al-Banna adalah seorang tokoh pembaru atau modernis dalam dunia Islam. Beliau dikenal sebagai tokoh pembaru, tidak hanya dalam bidang pendidikan, tetapi juga dalam bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial, dan kemasyarakatan. Hasan al-Banna memiliki gagasan bahwa kejumudan umat Islam disebabkan kesalahan dalam bidang pendidikan. Pemikiran Hasan al-Banna tentang pendidikan meliputi tiga aspek, yaitu materi pendidikan akal, jasmani, dan hati (qalb). Ketiga materi tersebut dapat diperoleh dari ilmu pengetahuan agama, eksakta, ilmu sosial dan cabang-cabangnya.
The Impact of Schemas and Emotions on Healthy Relationships
Authors: Karimzadeh Danial
Published: February 2025

Human relationships are like waves that go through various ups and downs. These fluctuations can sometimes be harmful, while at other times they add diversity and dynamism to relationships. In life, relationships play a key role as they give us a sense of being alive and help us navigate life's challenges more easily. This study examines the impact of schemas and emotions on the formation of healthy relationships after identifying the dimensions of the issue. To test the hypotheses, data were collected through questionnaires. The statistical population of this study included couples living in Tehran, from which samples were selectively chosen. The sampling method was purposive, based on the target population and considering the conditions of the test, the research was conducted among active community members using purposive sampling. The sample size was determined to be at least 121 couples, and ultimately, 156 couples (312 individuals) from Tehran completed the questionnaires. The collected data were processed for statistical analysis using SPSS software. The internal reliability of the questionnaire was calculated to be above 0.05, indicating an acceptable level of significance. The results show that changing maladaptive schemas and improving emotion regulation can help improve the quality of interpersonal relationships. Using methods such as schema therapy, which focuses on treating and reconstructing these patterns, can have a positive impact on the dynamics of relationships.
DIRAC - Innovativo paradigma per l'ottimizzazione energetica, tramite intelligenza artificiale e IoT, degli impianti di produzione e consumo dell'energia elettrica
Authors: Scarafile D. , Cascella D. , Cascella G. L. , Conte G. , Serafino P. , Polichetti A.
Published: February 2025

Il progetto DIRAC (CUP: B86J23000090007 - POR PUGLIA 2014 - 2020 - Titolo II Capo 1 - Aiuti ai programmi di investimento delle grandi imprese - finanziato dalla Regione Puglia - Codice: 5LCGQ1 - Dirac Fes 2022), condotto dall’impresa Free Energy Saving S.r.l., porta alla realizzazione di un innovativo sistema edge-cloud per la gestione e l’ottimizzazione degli impianti di produzione e consumo dell’energia elettrica (impianti fotovoltaici, impianti di cogenerazione, stazioni di ricarica dei veicoli elettrici, impianti di pubblica illuminazione) attraverso tecniche di intelligenza artificiale e internet of things. La proponente ha sfruttato l’esperienza e la competenza del fornitore Idea75 S.r.l. per dotarsi di un innovativo appliance Industria 4.0 utile alla creazione e al confronto prestazionale di item innovativi come digital twin, algoritmi di manutenzione predittiva e algoritmi di ottimizzazione in scenari multi-impianto, da applicare agli asset che l’impresa gestisce nella sua attività quotidiana. DMIS, rilevando i dati acquisiti dal campo attraverso specifici gateway (IoT), è in grado di elaborare le informazioni per fornire un supporto decisionale importante dal punto di vista dell’efficientamento energetico e dei costi. Tale supporto è fruibile attraverso la piattaforma cloud del progetto, suddivisa nei moduli funzionali: · DIRAC EqMS (Equiment Modeling System) · DIRAC-ALO (Asset Life Optimizer) · DIRAC-DCS (Distributed Control System)
The Energy-Bot: a generative AI algorithm for optimizing production and domestic consumption
Authors: Crivellaro G. , Spagnuolo G. , Battipaglia V. , Dell’Orto G. M. , De Stefano S.
Published: February 2025

The Energy-Bot (EB) project by Futurasun, created in collaboration with the University of Salerno, aims to develop a system for the smart management of energy for a residential prosumer equipped with a photovoltaic solar system with storage capacity. The EB operates through direct commands to the inverter to modulate the flow of energy to and from the grid, as well as the charging and discharging of the battery. The generative algorithm takes into account weather forecast data, historical and forecast energy prices, and load profiles identified by the inverter itself. By accounting for the actual state of charge (SOC) of the battery and the renewable energy share of the energy that can be bought from the grid, the algorithm determines the distribution of future energy flows that maximize the financial return and the battery state of health (SOH). The implementation, which currently occurs via the Modbus protocol, can be adapted to various standard reading and writing protocols, making it applicable to a wide range of automations aimed at optimizing domestic consumption
Idrogeno nella cogenerazione: opportunità di sviluppo per un’industria carbon-neutral
Authors: Casati F.
Published: February 2025

La rapida evoluzione del panorama energetico globale, determinata dall’urgenza di ridurre le emissioni di gas serra e mitigare gli effetti dei cambiamenti climatici, sta spingendo strategie, investimenti e politiche verso soluzioni sempre più sostenibili. In questo scenario, il settore industriale, e in particolare le cosiddette industrie “hard to abate” – quali acciaierie, cementifici e impianti chimici – affrontano sfide rilevanti dovute all’elevata intensità energetica, a processi termici complessi e alla difficoltà di sostituire rapidamente i combustibili fossili con fonti rinnovabili o elettrificazione diretta. L’idrogeno verde, prodotto attraverso elettrolisi alimentata da energie rinnovabili, è una risorsa chiave per l’industria: può essere impiegato sia come combustibile pulito sia per supportare processi industriali ad alta richiesta energetica, offrendo un contributo concreto alla decarbonizzazione dei comparti più complessi.
The Important Role of Community Nurses Post Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: M Agung Akbar
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the pivotal role of community nurses in public health, particularly within local communities. This article examines the expanded responsibilities of community nurses in the post-pandemic era, focusing on their essential contributions to healthcare delivery, mental health support, health education, and chronic disease management. With an increased demand for long-term health monitoring for COVID-19 survivors, community nurses have become integral in guiding patients through rehabilitation and managing persistent symptoms. Their role in health education and prevention has also grown, as they educate communities on hygiene practices and vaccination to prevent future outbreaks. Additionally, community nurses provide critical mental health support and assist in the management of chronic conditions that have intensified post-pandemic. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of supporting and investing in community nurses to strengthen public health infrastructure and prepare for future health crises.
Studi Eksegetis tentang "Haustafel" dalam Kolose 3:18-21
Authors: Nggadas Ramayani
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This study is a biblical study or exegesis of the text in Colossians 3:18-21 that focuses on the expression of haustafel. Before presenting an interpretation of the above text, there are two specific issues of background to be discussed first, namely: the origin of the haustafel in Paul's letters and the purpose of Paul presenting the hautafel in the context of the Colossians. The study uses qualitative methods for the interaction of its sources. For the elaboration of the topic and its texts, the researchers use a biblical approach, the method of historical grammatical exegesis. By applying the method, the researcher discusses both the lateral aspects and the grammar of the original text of Colossians 3:18-21 to interpret the text in its original context. The results of this study confirm that (1) the Haustafel in the Colossians reflect that the rules concerning the relations between family members were a common thing at the time. (2) the haustafel of the Colosos, although showing some similarity with the hautafel in Greek and Jewish context, must be deemed to have originated from Paul himself in order to correct the teachings and influence of the dogmas circulating in the congregation of Coloses. (3) the Hautafel is Paul's affirmation that life in the Spirit does not exclude responsibility and differences in the role of each member of the family. 
Abstrak: Penelitian ini merupakan kajian biblika atau eksegesis terhadap teks dalam Kolose 3:18-21 yang difokuskan pada ungkapan haustafel. Sebelum mengemukakan tafsiran terhadap teks di atas, ada dua isu spesifik yang bersifat latar belakang yang akan dibahas terlebih dahulu, yaitu: asal-usul haustafel dalam surat-surat Paulus dan tujuan Paulus mengemukakan haustafel dalam konteks surat Kolose. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk interaksi sumber-sumbernya. Untuk elaborasi topik serta teks acuannya, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan biblika yaitu metode eksegesis gramatika historis. Dengan menerapkan metode peneliti membahas tentang aspek kesejarahan maupun tata bahasa teks acuannya yaitu Kolose 3:18-21 guna menafsirkan teks ini dalam konteks originalnya. Ada pun hasil penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa (1) Haustafel dalam surat Kolose mencerminkan bahwa aturan-aturan mengenai relasi antar-anggota keluarga merupakan sesuatu yang umum pada waktu itu. (2) Haustafel dalam surat Kolose meskipun memperlihatkan beberapa kemiripan dengan haustafel dalam konteks Yunani Romawi dan Yahudi, namun mesti dianggap berasal dari Paulus sendiri dalam rangka mengoreksi ajaran serta pengaruh dari ajaran bidat yang beredar di jemaat Kolose. (3) Haustafel tersebut merupakan penegasan Paulus bahwa kehidupan di dalam Roh tidak meniadakan tanggung jawab serta perbedaan peran dari setiap anggota keluarga.
Teologi Pekabaran Injil Sentrifugal: Memaknai Matius 28:19-20 sebagai Teologi Misi Sentrifugal dan Implikasinya bagi Gereja Kristen Protestan Simalungun (GKPS) Masa Kini
Authors: Sinaga Andri Vincent
Published: February 2025

Abstract: The mission of preaching the Gospel is the spirit and identity of the Church, specifically the Simalungun Protestant Christian Church (GKPS). The establishment of GKPS cannot be separated from the preaching of the Gospel which has been present in the land of Simalungun, Pematang Raya since 120 years ago (02 September 1903-02 September 2023), by the missionary Rev. August Theis. GKPS exists because of the Gospel, therefore it is not an exaggeration to say that GKPS should show its identity as a Church that exists because of the fruit of the Gospel that developed in Simalungun. The purpose of this research is what and how the existence of GKPS is in the mission of preaching the Gospel, especially outgoing (Centrifugal), considering that it has been 120 years of the Gospel in the land of Simalungun. It is also hoped that this research will contribute ideas to GKPS in reviving the spirit of evangelization in the world. The methodology used is a qualitative method, with a library research approach and interviews with competent people regarding the title of this research. The results show that GKPS pays less attention to the message of the Centrifugal Gospel and experiences various crises in the message of the Gospel. Today's GKPS is still confined to inwardly preaching the Gospel. Thus, GKPS needs to implement the centrifugal message of the Gospel as recorded in the New Testament, specifically the Great Commission that Jesus commanded the disciples (Matt. 28:19-20).
Abstrak: Misi Pekabaran Injil adalah roh dan identitas Gereja, secara khusus Gereja Kristen Protestan Simalungun (GKPS). Berdirinya GKPS tidak terlepas dari pekabaran Injil yang sudah hadir di tanah Simalungun, Pematang Raya sejak 120 tahun lalu (02 September 1903-02 September 2023), oleh misionaris Pdt. August Theis. GKPS ada oleh karena Injil, oleh karena itu tidak berlebihan jika disebut bahwa seyogianya GKPS menunjukkan identitasnya sebagai Gereja yang ada oleh karena buah Injil yang berkembang di Simalungun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah apa dan bagaimana eksistensi GKPS dalam misi pekabaran Injil, khususnya keluar (Sentrifugal), mengingat sudah 120 tahun Injil di tanah Simalungun. Penelitian ini juga diharapkan memberikan kontribusi pemikiran kepada GKPS dalam menghidupkan kembali semangat penginjilan di tengah-tengah dunia. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif, dengan pendekatan library research (kepustakaan) dan wawancara kepada orang-orang yang berkompeten terkait judul penelitian ini. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa GKPS kurang memberi perhatian kepada pekabaran Injil Sentrifugal dan mengalami berbagai krisis pekabaran Injil. GKPS masa kini, masih terkukung dalam Pekabaran Injil ke dalam. Dengan demikian, GKPS perlu menerapkan pekabaran Injil bersifat sentrifugal sebagaimana tercatat dalam Perjanjian Baru, secara khusus amanat Agung yang Yesus perintahkan kepada para murid-murid (Mat. 28:19-20).
Antitesis Orang Jujur dan Orang Fasik Dalam Pembentukan Karakter Pemimpin: Studi Eksegesis Amsal 11:11
Authors: Pattinaja Aska Aprilano , Suhun Wakinus
Published: February 2025

Abstract: In general elections, all citizens cast their votes to choose leaders for a nation. The reality today is that there are leaders who are authoritarian, corrupt, nepotistic, use state facilities for personal interests, commit injustice, do not pay attention to the welfare of the people, and others, which are caused by the mistakes of the community in electing these leaders. People need to be educated so that they have an idea of how to choose quality leaders who have the right character and personality. Proverbs 11:11 explains the antithesis of "the righteous and the wicked," which correlates with the character building of leaders and has an impact on society. This research uses a qualitative method with sub interpretative design, especially wisdom literature hermeneutics, so that it becomes a reference for the community to choose the right leader. This research found several important factors to be considered, namely: First, an honest man is a righteous man, that is, he lives according to the values of biblical truth; Second, an honest man is a trustworthy person, because he speaks and acts rightly; Third, an honest man will have an impact on the development of the city. These qualifications of an honest man are a reference for the standard of leaders that the people should choose.
Abstrak: Dalam pemilihan umum, seluruh warga masyarakat memberikan suaranya untuk memilih pemimpin bagi suatu bangsa. Realita yang terjadi hari ini bahwa ada pemimpin-pemimpin yang otoriter, korupsi, nepotisme, yang menggunakan fasilitas negara untuk kepentingan pribadi, melakukan ketidakadilan, tidak memperhatikan kesejahteraan rakyat, dan lainnya, yang diakibatkan oleh kesalahan masyarakat dalam memilih pemimpin tersebut. Masyarakat perlu mendapatkan edukasi agar mendapatkan gambaran tentang bagaimana memilih pemimpin berkualitas, memiliki karakter, dan kepribadian yang benar. Amsal 11:11 menjelaskan antitesis “Orang Jujur dan Orang Fasik” yang berkorelasi dengan pembentukan karakter pemimpin, dan berdampak bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini enggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sub interpretative design khususnya hermeneutikastra hikmat, sehingga menjadi rujukan bagi masyarakat untuk memilih pemimpin yang tepat. Penelitian ini menemukan beberapa faktor penting yang perlu diperhatikan, adalah: pertama, Orang Jujur adalah orang benar, yang berarti ia hidup berdasarkan nilai-nilai kebenaran alkitabiah; kedua, Orang Jujur adalah orang yang dapat dipercaya, karena ia berkata dan bertindak yang benar; ketiga, Orang Jujur akan berdampak bagi perkembangan kota. Kualifikasi Orang Jujur ini adalah rujukan bagi standar pemimpin yang harus dipilih oleh masyarakat.
Pentingnya Pemahaman Teologi Sistematika bagi Misionaris
Authors: Obehetan Yeheskiel
Published: February 2025

Systematic theology is often perceived as a field of theology that specialises in Christian dogmatics where the scope of study is only related to doctrines based on the Bible. This article aims to examine the importance of understanding systematic theology for missionaries. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a library research approach. The results of this study show that 1) Systematic theology as the principle of missionary life; 2) Systematic theology as the basis of missionary preaching; and 3) Systematic theology as a material for missionary discipleship. This research is expected to contribute to missionary candidates, missionaries who are preparing to enter the mission field and missionaries who are currently on the mission field.
Comparative Efficacy of Pre and Post-Exposure Pro-Phylaxis Using Local Rabies Vaccine by IM Route
Authors: Fatima Kaneez , Nawaz Shahid , Rehman Firnas Ata Ur , Shahid Muhammd Furqan , Mukhtar Nadia , Yaqub Tahir
Published: February 2025

Rabies is an infectious but preventable disease with proper vaccination. Pre-exposure prophylaxis means using medications or vaccines against a given pathogen in people who have not yet been exposed to the given pathogen. Post-exposure prophylaxis means the use of medications in people who are exposed to a certain pathogen. This study aimed to evaluate the seroconversion of anti-rabies IgG antibodies following the administration of the Indigenous rabies vaccine. For this purpose, n=150 individuals were enrolled with 20% in the pre-exposure prophylaxis group (PrEPG) and 80% in the post-exposure prophylaxis group (PEPG). The PEPG is further categorized into 3 different sub-groups [(2-15), (15-45), (>45) years] according to their ages. Indirect ELISA was used for the detection of antibodies IgG in serum samples. Seroconversion level revealed that the local vaccine used is effective in inducing immunity in individuals with OD values ranging from 0.76-≥2.92 about positive control OD values.
The construction of social networks to tackle domestic violence: A case analysis of Huay Sam Pad Sub-district, Thailand
Authors: Tooltham Pattanaphanu , Nakham Mana
Published: February 2025

Domestic violence is a serious problem in Thailand, and social networks can play an important role in addressing it. This study aimed to explore the process of constructing a social network to address domestic violence in a Thai community and to inquire about the operational challenges of this social network in terms of its capacity to tackle issues surrounding household violence. Huay Sam Pad Sub-district, a rural community in Udon Thani Province, Thailand, was purposely selected as the area of inquiry due to the good practices of its area-based social network. The study draws on concepts surrounding social networks and adopts a socio-ecological perspective to analyze qualitative data acquired from community members belonging to the social network. Data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions with key informants, and encoded data were analyzed using thematic and interpretation analyses. Preliminary findings showed that the construction of the operating social network in Huay Sam Pad Sub-district has not been a linear process. Rather, according to the subjective perceptions of social network members, network construction has resulted from supportive factors associated with an academic institution, provincial policies, and the area-based center for violence resolution. Meanwhile, the area-based network has been facing many challenges that threaten to hinder sustainable network management. These challenges relate to informal (weak ties) network operations, the questionable effectiveness of therapy for violent perpetrators, and personnel and budget constraints, as well as inconsistency in project implementation. Addressing these factors will be crucial for effective domestic violence interventions amid uncertain and disruptive situations that persist in Thai society.
Improving English Reading Skills through Task-Based Learning in ecuadorian High Schools
Authors: Cabrera Salavarría Kerly María , Recalde García Frans Andrés
Published: February 2025

Reading skills enhance the comprehension of paragraph structures, communication, and decision-making. Developing strong English skills in reading is significant for teaching in high school students. Task-Based Learning (TBL) bestows an innovative approach by involving students in practical, meaningful tasks that promote active learning and cognitive development. This study delves into the effects of TBL on high school students' English reading skills, in other words the purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of TBL focusing on reading skills such as improvements in comprehension, engagement, motivation, and higher-order thinking abilities. The study uses pre- and post-tests in a sample of 22 eighth-grade students of Emilio Isaías Abihanna´s High School to demonstrate that integrating TBL into reading skills enhances students’ proficiency. Also, it includes Lewin´s (1946) and Elliot´s (2014) teaching model to follow up four stages in which students can have the opportunity to improve their knowledge.
Clinical and Socio Demographic Aspects of Congestive Heart Failure Patients
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. mrazzakmia1974@gmail.com, Mia Mohammed Razzak , Rahman Mojibur ,   Associate Professor (CC), Department of Cardiology, Shaheed Syed  Nazrul Islam Medical  College, Kishoreganj., Rahman ANM Mizanur ,   Superintendent & Senior Consultant Cardiology, 100 Bedded   District Hospital, Narsingdi.
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a growing issue for healthcare systems throughout the developing world. Many factors have been linked to an increase in mortality in CHF patients. Despite heterogeneity in the research groups, several demographic and clinical variables appear to be consistently associated with a poor prognosis in congestive heart failure patients.
Objective: To investigate the clinical and sociodemographic aspects of congestive heart failure patients.
Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted by the Department of Medicine at 100- bed district hospital, Narsingdi from July 2021 to June 2022. Purposive sampling was used to select 120 women and men with congestive heart failure from the cardiac center of 100-bed district hospital, Narsingdi, Bangladesh. Daily consecutive admissions were screened to identify eligible patients who arrived in the cardiac emergency room, Department of Cardiology. Patients with an admission diagnosis of congestive heart failure were enrolled in this study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria with a history of at least one well documented hospitalization for congestive heart failure.
Results: Rheumatic heart disease was identified in 38(31.7%), cardiomyopathy was found in 30(25.0%), hypertension was found in 21(17.5%) cases, pericardial disease was found in 16(13.3%), and ischaemic heart disease was found in 3(2.5%). Factors related with congestive heart failure were 25 (20.8%) inadequate therapy, 25 (20.8%) arrhythmia, 23 (19.2%) respiratory diseases, 17 (14.2%) anaemia, and 23 (19.2%) infective endocarditis. The majority of patients (75.5%) had NYHA class II, 38.7% had class III, and 5.8% had class IV. In conjunction with medical and demographic characteristics, major socio-environmental factors increased the likelihood of readmission due to congestive heart failure.
Conclusion: Socio-environmental factors may increase risk of hospital admission in heart failure patients.
Disease Patterns and Outlook with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors:   Surgical Resident, Department of Cardiac Surgery, NHFH & RI, Darus-Salam, Dhaka, Bangladesh. dr.ebrahim.bd@gmail.com., Hossain Md. Ibrahim , Talha Md. Abu ,   Registrar, PCICU, NHFH & RI, Darus-Salam, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Tabassum Nazia ,   Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (OEH), National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh., Ahmed Yeahyea ,   Department of Maternal and Child Health (MCH), National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh., Shadman Rashik ,   Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (OEH), National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh., Sharifuzaman Mohammad ,   Senior Consultant, Cardiac Surgery Dept. NHFH & RI, Darus-Salam, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background: Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) are often measured by mortality and morbidity rates. This study aims to analyze disease patterns, graft types, surgical techniques, and post-operative outcomes of CABG, comparing pre-operative findings, past history, and major morbidity and mortality as defined by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS)), USA.
Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted with 390 patients, who were underwent CABG. The data were collected from January 2017 to December 2020 where CABG of these patients done within January 2014 to December 2016.
Results: Demographics & Risk Factors: 89.7% were male. No significant differences in BMI or other risk factors distribution (hypertension most common, followed by diabetes, smoking, and hyperlipidemia) (P>0.05). Cardiac Function & Disease Severity: LVEF%: Group A: 51.18 ± 8.76%, Group B: 51.85 ± 8.73% (P>0.05). Triple vessel disease: Group A: 81.5%, Group B: 83.6% (P>0.05). Grafting & Surgery: No significant difference in conduit types or graft use (LAD grafts: Group A: 99%, Group B: 99.5%) (P>0.05). Off-pump surgery was more common (49.49% in Group A, 48.46% in Group B). Postoperative Complications: AKI (Group A: 7.7%, Group B: 16.9%, significant), LOS (Group A: 0.5%, Group B: 4.1%, significant), mortality (Group A: 37.5%, Group B: 62.5%, P>0.05). Surgical Outcome Comparison: Off-pump surgery: mortality 3.4% (13/382), on-pump beating heart surgery: mortality 37.5% (3/8) (P=0.003, significant). Mortality Correlation: Multi-organ failure (strongest predictor), COPD & stroke (moderate), AKI, LOS, EF, old MI, syncope (weak), hyperlipidemia & renal dysfunction (weak). LV dysfunction had a significant negative impact.
Conclusion: Syncope and certain major morbidities differed between the groups, but overall mortality rates were similar. The study highlights specific pre-operative and post-operative factors affecting CABG outcomes.
The Afghan Crisis and Afghan Refugees, Challenges and Solutions from the Perspective of International Law
Authors: Ekram Yawar Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Based on the Doha Agreement signed on February 29, 2020 between the Taliban and the United States of America, the two parties committed to stopping attacks on each other. The United States committed to withdrawing all its military and civilian forces and those of its allies from Afghanistan within 14 months. The Taliban also pledged to cut off cooperation with terrorist groups, including al-Qaeda, and pledged to reduce the intensity of its attacks and to advance peace talks with the Afghan government.
While this agreement was expected to end nearly two decades of military conflict in Afghanistan. However, the Taliban’s increased attacks on military and civilian targets have continued to the point where Afghan cities have fallen one after another; The then Afghan president fled to Abu Dhabi, and Kabul fell to the Taliban within hours. Meanwhile, despite assurances issued by the Taliban, many Afghans were trying to leave the country.
This has caused the world to once again face an international refugee crisis, raising the question of how international law can manage such a situation; what are the commitments of member states of the international community, and what are the potential gaps and challenges.
OSTEONECROSE DOS MAXILARES EM PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS A TERAPIA COM BIFOSFONATOS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Gomes Beatriz Kely Pereira , Silva Larissa Francielly Andrade Mateus da , Cavalcante Darlan Kelton Ferreira , Wilke João Vitor Palma , Grisa Nicole Machado , Silva Fernando Becklin da , Santos Emerson Gonçalves de Arandas Viana dos , Daleprane Isabelly Barcellos , Andrade Emanoel Felipe Albuquerque de , Silva Clebeson André da
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Os bifosfonatos são uma classe de medicamentos amplamente  administrados a pacientes portadores de metástase óssea de tumores sólidos,  osteoporose, osteopenia, dentre outras lesões ósseas. Essas drogas agem alterando  a dinâmica de reabsorção óssea, por induzir apoptose dos osteoclastos, interferindo  na redução da porosidade e vascularização óssea, podendo potencializar uma  necrose avascular óssea, mas comumente denominada osteonecrose. Objetivo: O presente estudo visa desenvolver uma revisão de literatura a respeito da identificação,  prevenção e tratamento da osteonecrose dos maxilares em pacientes que recebem  terapia com fármacos da classe dos bifosfonatos. Metodologia: Para isso, foi  desenvolvida uma estratégia de busca aplicada nas bases de dados: PubMed, SciELO  e LILACS, nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa entre o período abrangido pela pesquisa  de 2008 a 2024. Foram incluídas revisões sistemáticas, relatos de casos, estudos  observacionais, bem como, ensaios clínicos. Como critérios de exclusão encontram-se  trabalhos fora do período abrangido pela pesquisa, bem como, artigos que não se  propusessem a explanar as informações requeridas. Resultados e Discussão: Os autores sustentam que não há um padrão ouro para tratamento da osteonecrose, e  que as opções são descritas de acordo com o estadiamento da AAOMS, dentre elas  destaca-se o controle da dor, desbridamento cirúrgico ou ressecção e laser de baixa  intensidade, bem como, a utilização do ozônio em combinação com antibioticoterapia  associada ao tratamento cirúrgico. Diante disso, maximizar a qualidade de vida dos  pacientes deve ser característica fundamental e imprescindível de todo protocolo que  exija tratamento para BRONJ, e que a abordagem adjuvante das modalidades de  tratamento citadas é a alternativa mais viável. Conclusão: Conclui-se que, a BRONJ  apresenta-se como uma complicação relativamente rara, entretanto nociva,  primordialmente quando administrado por via endovenosa. Assim sendo, o cirurgião  dentista mostra-se como profissional essencial contíguo à equipe multidisciplinar,  abordando educação em saúde, bem como eliminando possíveis focos infecciosos ou  potencialmente irritativos.
A RELAÇÃO DO USO DE PSICOFÁRMACOS E O ESTRESSE NOS ACADÊMICOS DE MEDICINA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Dias Eduarda Klering , Pietro Luan Estrela
Published: February 2025

O artigo retrata a associação entre o uso de substâncias psicoativas e o estresse no ambiente acadêmico com foco em estudantes de medicina. A universidade, como um ambiente que reforça o fato social, molda a vida dos estudantes, promovendo conhecimento, mas também gerando um ciclo exaustivo que reduz a qualidade de vida devido à carga horária excessiva e cobranças desproporcionais, o que intensifica o estresse vivido por esse público. Estudos indicam que a maioria dos estudantes de medicina sofre de estresse, levando muitos a recorrerem a substâncias psicoativas para lidar com essa pressão. A presente revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando bases de dados como LILACS e PubMed, selecionou 10 artigos que destacam o sofrimento psíquico e sua relação com o uso de psicotrópicos entre estudantes. Resultados mostram que médicos e estudantes apresentam taxas elevadas de sofrimento psíquico, com sintomas de depressão e ansiedade prevalentes. O uso de psicotrópicos é mais comum entre mulheres e estudantes dos últimos anos do curso, com ansiolíticos e antidepressivos sendo os mais consumidos. Embora a conscientização sobre saúde mental nas disciplinas do curso seja positiva, o uso de medicamentos ainda é alarmante. Por fim, o estudo conclui que o estresse é um problema de saúde pública que requer atenção, especialmente entre futuros profissionais de saúde, e destaca a necessidade de novas pesquisas para implementar soluções eficientes na realidade acadêmica.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO FISIOTERAPEUTA PERFUSIONISTA NA CIRCULAÇÃO EXTRACORPÓREA EM CIRURGIA CARDÍACA PEDIÁTRICA
Authors: Aviz Elaine de Oliveira Bastos de , Martins Vera Lucia Gomes
Published: February 2025

As cirurgias cardíacas podem ser realizadas em qualquer idade, embora o risco de  complicações em cirurgias muito invasivas e relativamente longas seja maior em  idosos e crianças de baixo peso. Na grande maioria dessas intervenções, contam com  a circulação extracorpórea que revolucionou as cirurgias cardíacas. A circulação extracorpórea (CEC) consiste na substituição temporária do coração e dos pulmões por uma máquina durante alguns procedimentos cirúrgicos, tornando o tempo  cirúrgico mais seguro e eficiente. O objetivo do estudo foi descrever as funções que  devem ser realizadas pelo perfusionista durante a circulação extracorpórea em  pacientes pediátricos submetidos a cirurgia cardiovascular. Foi realizada uma revisão  sistemática da literatura através do banco de dados do Scielo e PubMed com artigos  em inglês e português entre os anos 2012 e 2023.
FISIOPATOLOGIA DO DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Contini Amanda G M R da Fonseca S , Contini Estevan M S
Published: February 2025

This study addresses Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a chronic disease with a high global prevalence, characterized by glucose metabolism disorders due to insulin deficiency or resistance. The research reviewed the pathophysiology of diabetes, highlighting the importance of glucose in the body, insulin secretion mechanisms by the pancreas, and the different types of the disease, including Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes. Diagnostic methods such as fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, and glycated hemoglobin were analyzed, along with the main symptoms of the disease, such as polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. Diabetes treatment involves lifestyle changes, oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin therapy, and innovative approaches, such as pancreatic islet cell transplantation and stem cell research. Diabetes complications, both acute and chronic, include diabetic ketoacidosis, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular diseases, with strict glycemic control being essential to minimize their impact. Prevention and health education are crucial in reducing disease incidence through awareness of modifiable risk factors, early screening strategies, and the implementation of effective public policies. The analysis of results demonstrated the need for a multidisciplinary approach, integrating scientific advancements, access to innovative treatments, and educational support to ensure a better prognosis and quality of life for diabetic patients. Thus, it is concluded that the combination of preventive measures, effective therapeutic strategies, and continuous investment in research is essential for disease control and the reduction of its complications.
Mediating Influence of Organizational Justice on the Relationship between Work Environment and Work Engagement
Authors: Dr Sunil Kumar R, Mrs. Chithra N  , Dr Gururaj B Urs, Dr Kumuda P R  , Dr Kiran Kumar Thoti, A Jonitha
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to put a model that looks at how organizational justice mediates the connection between engagement and the work environment to the test. Workers' opinions of their workplace are greatly impacted by their understanding of organizational justice. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of literature on organizational justice's causes and effects, especially as it relates to the mediating role it plays between the work environment and employee engagement in firms operating in India's service sector. This study aims to fill that void by studying the relationship between organizational justice and the antecedent and consequence of work environment and involvement in the workplace, respectively. Using a stratified disproportionate sample approach, 1,200 workers from firms in India's service industry were surveyed. Although the mediation is limited, the results demonstrate that organizational justice significantly mediates the relationship between work environment and job engagement. Organizations should take action to improve workers' views of fairness, according to the report. Impartiality and fairness in decision-making are key to enhancing procedural justice.
Determination of Mast Cell Density in Urothelial Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder and its Relation with Grading and Invasiveness
Authors:   Curator, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. sadia403102@gmail.com, Wahid Sadia Refat , Asafudullah S M ,   Professor, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi., Khatun Mst. Mahmuda ,   Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi., Momin Naznin Nahar ,   Assistant Professor, Chattagram Maa O Shishu Hospital Medical College, Chittagong., Shirin Sadia ,   Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) has a high incidence rate and related mortality in developing countries like Bangladesh which is increasing day by day. Mast cells (MCs) in UC are possibly involved in tumor angiogenesis, tissue remodeling, immunomodulation, and most importantly with a favorable or unfavorable prognosis. Mast cell targeted strategies in cancer therapy showed success in many tumors. Our study was designed to determine mast cell density in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder and to evaluate its relation with histologic grading and invasiveness.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Pathology, Rajshahi Medical College from September 2019 to August 2021. A total of 51 case of urothelial carcinoma were included in this study. The continuous variable (age of patient) was expressed as frequency, percentage, mean±SD, and range. MCD were expressed as mean±SD and median. An unpaired t-test was done to see the differences of MCD of the patients according to grade and invasion.
Results: Most of the cases were found in between 61 to 70 years. Male to female ratio was found to be 2.4:1. Most frequent tumor location was a lateral wall of the urinary bladder (37.3%), 56.9% of cases were high grade & 43.1% were low-grade urothelial carcinoma. Muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC) was found in 51.0% of patients and 49.0% of patients were found with non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (NMIBC).It was observed that with Toluidine blue staining mean mast cell density was 48.48 ± 18.66 in high-grade urothelial carcinoma and 18.86 ± 10.59 in low-grade urothelial carcinoma. So mast cell density (MCD) was increased with an increase in the grade of tumor. The mean (±SD) MCD of MIBC and NMIBC were 48.96 (±18.92) and 21.92 (±14.15) respectively. So mast cell densitywas observed to increase in muscle-invasive bladder tumors. Determination of the relation of MCD in urothelial carcinoma with grade and invasiveness was done in this study. An unpaired t-test was done to measure the level of significance. The p-value is highly significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Mast cell density (MCD) positively correlates with invasion and grading of urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder.