bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compartilhamento e abertura de dados na Ciência Aberta e a pesquisa em saúde pública na Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados
Authors: Almeida Bethânia de A. , Pimenta Denise M. , Barreto Mauricio L.
Published: October 2022

O  conhecimento científico é fundamentado em  registros de  observações e experimentações, que são organizados e interpretados a partir de teorias e métodos próprios das várias áreas do conhecimento. Os dados precisam ser apresentados de maneira coerente para corroborar os achados, que são validados ou refutados por pares. Com o advento do Big Data e do movimento da Ciência Aberta, esforços para disseminar e reutilizar dados de distintas fontes ganharam força. Neste contexto, emergem questionamentos éticos, legais e analíticos em torno dos usos e reusos de dados, particularmente de dados pessoais. Estes são tradicionalmente utilizados por pesquisas científicas que envolvem seres humanos, como os estudos conduzidos na área da saúde, que necessitam de aprovação do Sistema CEP/Conep (Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa/Comissão Nacional de Ética em Pesquisa) para averiguar a aderência das atividades propostas aos princípios éticos e normativos com o intuito de proteger os direitos dos participantes da pesquisa. Em virtude da crescente produção e reutilização de dados nos diversos setores da sociedade e das lacunas regulatórias para proteger os direitos dos titulares destas informações, no Brasil, a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD) foi aprovada e sancionada em 2018,passando a vigorar a partir de agosto de 2020. Considerando que dados circulam e que são utilizados por uma ampla gama de atores com interesses distintos e para finalidades diversas, o presente artigo terá por foco refletir sobre o compartilhamento e abertura de dados para pesquisa científica na perspectiva da Ciência Aberta como também as especificidades da pesquisa científica e da saúde pública no âmbito da LGPD. Palavras-chave: Compartilhamento e abertura de dados. Pesquisa científica. Saúde pública. LGPD.
Comunicação interna nas organizações que operam em Home Office por meio do uso de ferramentas tecnológicas
Authors: Alves André de Oliveira , Rocha Ana Karine Loula Torres
Published: October 2022

No cenário pandêmico, o modo de trabalho sofreu mudança, passando do continuamente presencial para o remoto (home office). Alguns autores apontam que nesse método de trabalho surgem alguns questionamentos: para os gestores, fica a dúvida se o funcionário está trabalhando, já para os funcionários, a sensação de se tornar invisível pode gerar insegurança. Frente a isso, se faz necessário o uso de recursos tecnológicos que maximize a comunicação entre seus colaboradores. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar e refletir sobre a importância da utilização de ferramentas tecnológicas adequadas para uma efetiva comunicação interna nas empresas que operam em home office. Enquanto metodologia, optou-se por utilizar uma abordagem qualitativa e método indutivo a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica. Estudos apontam que a transição de um modelo presencial para à distância exige um novo protocolo de relacionamento entre seus colaboradores, onde as ferramentas tecnológicas são utilizadas com mais frequência para e o atingimento de objetivos. Os sistemas de informação, sendo eles hardware e software, telecomunicações e recursos multimídia, utilizados por meio dos recursos tecnológicos, tais como scanner, celular, câmera digital, telefone via satélite, notebook, computador, entre outros, são utilizados para fornecer dados, informações e conhecimento e surgem para aprimorar a comunicação. Com este estudo foi possível perceber que se faz necessário o uso adequado e o permanente aprimoramento dos canais de comunicação, visando a diminuir as imprecisões na veiculação das informações e contribuir de maneira satisfatória para o desempenho coletivo entre gestores e funcionários. Palavras-chave: Comunicação. Home office. Tecnologia. Empresas.
Empreendedorismo feminino: venda direta de cosméticos em meio à pandemia do coronavírus em 2020
Authors: Santos Ilzane Teles dos , Pereira Aliger dos Santos
Published: October 2022

O presente estudo tem por finalidade analisar o perfil das consultoras de beleza na cidade de Salvador do estado da Bahia que se mantiveram ativas em meio à pandemia do coronavírus no período de maio a setembro de 2020. O artigo tem como questionamento a identificação do perfil de uma consultora de beleza independente que atuou na venda cosméticos em meio à pandemia do coronavírus, contexto que requer isolamento social. Foi adotada uma abordagem dedutiva qualitativa, dividida em duas fases. Na primeira, partiu-se da pesquisa bibliográfica. Na segunda, para levantamento de dados primários, foram aplicados questionários on-line. A pesquisa apresenta como resultado o desenho do perfil das consultoras, onde foi verificado que a maioria tem 31 anos ou mais de idade, é solteira, graduada, tem menos de um (01) ano no empreendimento e decidiu empreender com venda direta em busca de uma renda extra, mesmo trabalhando em algo que gostava, ou estava desempregada. Foi possível perceber que as empreendedoras de venda direta destacam duas características consideradas essenciais e femininas que contribuem para que seus empreendimentos sejam únicos e diferenciados, sendo elas: a sensibilidade e o preparo maior. Conclui-se que os resultados foram obtidos com êxito, tendo em vista que tanto a qualificação quanto a tecnologia são grandes aliadas que contribuíram de forma significativa para alavancar as vendas de cosméticos em meio à pandemia. Palavras-chave: Empreendedorismo. Empreendedorismo feminino. Venda direta.
Measuring Student Satisfaction through Overall Quality at Business Schools: A Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Khan Sherbaz , Zaman Syed Imran , Rais Madiha
Published: October 2022

In the higher education sector, academic and service quality are the main factors that need to be focused on. Academic quality is mainly focused on learning abilities and knowledge outcomes, while service quality is focused on administrative services. The research bases its theoretical background on the service quality model (SQM) and expectancy disconfirmation model (EDM). The research follows a quantitative approach where the data was collected using a survey questionnaire based on semi-structured questions. The research reviewed female student satisfaction at business schools based on several factors derived from two underpinning theories. The variables derived from the theories and literature were Information quality, the efficiency of service, teaching quality, overall quality, student satisfaction, disconfirmation and word of mouth. The findings suggested that the university should focus more on teachers' satisfaction which would result in a positive attitude towards their students and that would result in better satisfaction. In addition, the course syllabus and quality deliverance can be better regulated by providing teachers training and workshops to help them improve their teaching style and course syllabus if needed.
Impact of Environmental Factorson Supply Chain Practices in Textile Sector
Authors: Ansari Shahnawaz , Baig Mirza Hassan , Ullah Kifayat , Khan Muhamamd Mudassir , Akhtar Albash
Published: October 2022

In today's era, supply chain functions play a significant role in every business model, whether service-based or product based. Effective and efficient supply chain practices help the business grow, provide value to its buyers, and help make rational decisions that encompass the nation's economic, social, and environmental benefits. These supply chain functions can only be implemented and provide sustainable benefits if no direct or indirect disruption is inferred due to internal or external environmental factors. Our nation's textile manufacturers and exporters are the primary sources that propel the nation's economy. In short, the textile industries drive ninety per cent of the economy. Eventually, their supply chain practices are surrounded by many factors, which lead them to run or halt their operations. If we enlighten the past, a major global environmental factor, significant supply chain disruptions occur and especially strikes our country's primary economy-driven sector. It is a cross-sectional study. The present study was conducted in the urban areas of Karachi, Pakistan. Data collection will be through questionnaires and surveys. It is designed for information collection so it can use to determine the impact of this factor in significant supply chain functions, including procurement, warehousing, logistics, and import & export.
Kindeswohl interdisziplinär
Authors: Schmidt Axel , Westhoff Karl
Published: October 2022

Dieser Band schließt die Lücke zwischen Normen, rechtswissenschaftlichen Auslegungen und konsensfähigen humanwissenschaftlichen empirischen Ergebnissen zur Konkretisierung des unbestimmten Rechtsbegriffs Kindeswohl. Die rechtlichen Grundlagen und die zu beachtenden Urteile der höchsten Gerichte zum Kindeswohl stellt der erste Teil des Buches dar; sie sind das Gerüst für den zweiten Teil, der die humanwissenschaftlichen übereinstimmenden empirischen Fakten präsentiert. Die Humanwissenschaften liefern hier ein zu den rechtlichen Entscheidungskriterien korrespondierendes Wertesystem und damit einen Maßstab, das Kindeswohl im Einzelfall zu beurteilen und die Entscheidungsfindung auf eine faktenbasierte Grundlage zu stellen. Die von den Autoren entwickelten Inhalte und Instrumente sind bei Erstellen und Kontrolle von Sachverständigengutachten bei Trennung der Eltern und auch bei der Erziehungsberatung nach Trennung der Eltern bereits praktisch erprobt. Dieser interdisziplinäre Ansatz einer humanwissenschaftlichen Kommentierung der rechtlichen Kindeswohlkriterien kann Familienrichtern, Sachverständigen und beruflich involvierten Personen als Arbeitshilfe zur Verfügung gestellt werden.
Darwin wasps of the genus Seticornuta Morley, 1913 (Ichneumonidae: Metopiinae) in the Neotropical region, with a key to species
Authors: Alvarado Mabel
Published: October 2022

The genus Seticornuta Morley, 1913 currently comprises nine described species; here, nine new species are described: S. anchanchu sp. nov., S. carinata sp. nov., S. cuckoo sp. nov., S. curupira sp. nov., S. flava sp. nov., S. muqui sp. nov., S. nigroflava sp. nov., S. quilmes sp. nov., and S. rufa sp. nov. The genus is redescribed to encompass the features found in Neotropical species and distinctions between the species in the New World and Old World are presented. The genus is recorded for the first time for Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, Guatemala and Peru.
Representation Matters: Board Books with Children with Disabilities
Authors: Kaplan Allison G. , Tobin Caitlin , Dolcetti Tina , McGowan Jennifer
Published: October 2022

Diversity is an important part of children’s literature as demonstrated in numerous articles beginning with Nancy Larrick in 1965 and most recently codified in the We Need Diverse Books movement. However, while diversity has the aim of inclusion, disability representation has not always been part of the equation.The goal of this study is to explore the evidence of disability representation in children’s literature with a focus on board books through the examination of one library collection. Our team selected board books because we had access to a finite collection we could explore in its totality, and we expected that, due to the nature of board books being explicit in representation, we would be able to easily identify disability representation.
Editor’s Note: The Awakening
Authors: Verbeten Sharon
Published: October 2022

Mothers may know best, as the saying goes, but grandmothers and librarians are a close second. Put them together and, well, it’s a recipe for early literacy success.Heidi Gustafson, a library associate of mine at Brown County (WI) Library in Green Bay, couldn’t wait to be a first-time grandma this year; she began collecting book favorites old and new even before little Grady, pictured on our cover, was born.
Bragging Rights and the Newbery
Authors: Sibley Carol Hanson
Published: October 2022

In an article in the Spring 2022 issue of Children and Libraries, celebrating the centennial of the Newbery Medal, author Steven Herb provided an intriguing statistical examination of Newbery Medal and Honor Books and their creators. In addition, the author wished for a “country and state-by-state birth distribution.”
No Finish Line: Creating Inclusiveness in Children’s Programs
Authors: Grafelman Kate , Barriage Sarah
Published: October 2022

As a professional group, public library staff working in children’s services strive to provide high quality services and programming for all children and their caregivers; they are committed to respecting the diverse backgrounds and experiences of the people in their community, creating inclusive spaces, and continuously working to develop cultural competency.
Impact of Critical Material Attributes of HPMC on the Release of Gliclazide from Hydrophilic Matrix Tablets
Authors: Huettermann Carsten , Feldmann Heiko
Published: October 2022

The influence of HPMCviscosity and the degree of substitution hydroxypropyl level (DSHP) on therelease rate of gliclazide was examined. The increase in the HPMC viscosity ledto a significant decrease in the release rate. The second parameter, DSHP,showed a surprisingly high impact on the release rate with higher hydroxypropyllevels leading to a faster drug release. The results demonstrated the need forcontrol on both parameters for formulators of gliclazide tablets in order toensure a consistent drug release performance.
Effects of geometry and material factors on the behavior of stiffened offshore pipe structures under hydrostatic pressure
Authors: Widiyanto Ilham , Prabowo Aditya , Muttaqie Teguh , Muhayat Nurul , Yaningsih Indri , Tjahjana Dominicus , Juwana Wibawa , Miyazaki Takahiko
Published: October 2022

The world's oil and gas sectors are diverse. They utilize offshore pipes to generate millions of barrels of oil and gas to meet global energy demands. In this study we identified the critical buckling load that occurred on a cylinder shell (also known as radial buckling). Offshore pipe design must meet several criteria, one of which is the requirement for pipes to withstand the external hydrostatic pressure of seawater. The overall buckling load is calculated using the axial compression loading and the pressure on the entire surface of the cylinder shell (radial compression). The finite element analysis (FEA) method is used in our simulation. FEA is run using ABAQUS/CAE software with the Riks algorithm. Different types of cylinder shells are used in the simulation: unstiffened, stringer-stiffened, and ringstiffened. The cylinder shell is loaded based on the depth of the installation. The material composition of the shell is varied with API 5L X65, copper-nickel alloy, and HY100 steel. The diameter sizes used are 28" (711.2 mm), 30" (762 mm), and 32" (812.8 mm). The simulation results show a critical buckling load for each variation. The critical buckling load is determined by the Young's modulus, geometric length, and moment of inertia. Based on the critical buckling loads generated, we also identify which cylinder shell composition is the strongest.
Reflexões sobre as vestimentas das trabalhadoras populares de Belém, na primeira metade do século XX, a partir das pinturas de Carlos de Azevedo, Antonieta Feio e Andrelino Cotta
Authors: Teixeira Amanda Gatinho
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo procura refletir sobre os modos de vestir e de adornar das mulheres trabalhadoras que circulavam pelas ruas de Belém durante o século XX, utilizando como suporte reproduções de obras pictóricas, dos artistas paraenses Carlos de Azevedo, Antonieta Santos Feio e Andrelino Cotta. As reproduções configuram nas bases das análises das especificidades de tais modos, as quais são cruzadas com fontes textuais provenientes de livros e artigos científicos. São tratados os temas do uso de imagens nas pesquisas de História da Moda e da Indumentária, moda decolonial, a apresentação do locus amazônico, um breve panorama do trabalho feminino no século XX em Belém do Pará, seguido das análises das práticas vestimentares das trabalhadoras amazônicas, a partir das categorias das lavadeiras, das quitandeiras e das vendedoras ambulantes, e, por fim, das meretrizes. É importante ressaltar que mesmo diante das privações, essas mulheres materializavam, em suas vestimentas e adornos corporais, os signos sociais de suas profissões, demonstrando que a preocupação com a aparência também esteve presente em todas as camadas.
Estudo e análise do método de Julie Cole para a modelagem do vestuário em malha
Authors: Percebom Julia Maria , Italiano Isabel Cristina
Published: October 2022

No desenvolvimento da modelagem para o vestuário em malha, deve-se considerar não apenas o grau de elasticidade da malha, mas, também, o ajuste desejado, a composição e a sua gramatura. No entanto, há uma carência de abordagens mais objetivas sobre todos os aspectos que envolvem a modelagem para peças em malha. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar o método da autora Julie Cole para a modelagem do vestuário em malha, por meio da confecção de blusas de manga comprida. Para isso, foram estudados os traçados dos blocos básicos da blusa e da manga, em três variações de ajuste: ajustado, semi ajustado e folgado. Foram selecionados seis tipos de malha, com a determinação do fator de elasticidade pelo método manual. Assim, com as porcentagens de elasticidade definidas, cada malha foi classificada de acordo com a abordagem e a nomenclatura de Cole (2016). Para a escolha do bloco básico conforme o ajuste desejado, a autora em questão apenas descreve o ajuste para malhas super elásticas. Dessa forma, fez-se necessário aplicar raciocínio da mesma para os outros tipos de malhas e, então, moldes com mais folgas foram criados, de forma que a disposição entre os ajustes e as categorias de elasticidade das malhas ficassem proporcionais. Além disso, buscou-se identificar parâmetros que possibilitassem a avaliação criteriosa das peças confeccionadas com o método de Cole (2016). Como resultado, dezoito blusas de manga longa foram confeccionadas. Durante a análise dos protótipos, observou-se que as blusas desenvolvidas segundo a abordagem de Cole (2016) possuem uma qualidade de ajuste adequada e uma modelagem com a geometria correspondente aos contornos do corpo.
Semiótica do corpo, da moda e da comunicação
Authors: Martins Marcelo Machado , Oliveira Ana Claudia Mei Alves de
Published: October 2022

Entrevista realizada pelos editores da Revista de Ensino em Artes, Moda e Design, concedida pela professora Ana Claudia Mei Alves de Oliveira e pelo professor Marcelo Machado Martins em 23 de maio de 2022; Pacaembu, São Paulo, e Heliópolis, Garanhuns. Nela, retoma-se parte da trajetória dos entrevistados junto ao Colóquio de Moda, com destaque à história do GT que cocoordenam, “corpo, moda, comunicação”. Os professores ainda fazem um balanço sobre a realização do Colóquio durante a pandemia desencadeada pela Covid-19, bem como traças perspectivas futura de inserção de temáticas de pesquisa no referido GT.
Podatność osuwiskowa obszaru Krakowa
Authors: Kamieniarz Sylwester
Published: October 2022

Due to the differentiation of landslides in Kraków city area, an artificial neural network method (multilayer perceptron) was used to determine the landslide susceptibility (LS). The calculations were performed in the r.landslide module. The network learning was carried out on the basis of 8 thematic layers (slopes, slope exposure, absolute height, relative height, convergence index, surface lithology, sub-Quaternary lithology, distance from tectonic discontinuities). For modelling, 434 points representing landslides and the same number of pointsoflocationswithoutlandslideswereused.Amongthesetofpoints,70%wasallocatedtothetrainingphase, 15%tothevalidationphase,and15%tothephase.Inordertoassessthenetworkperformance,basedontheresults of the test phase, a confusion matrix was made. Approximately 22% of the city’s area is susceptible to landslide occurrence(LS>0.05).Itoverlapexistinglandslidesandcoverareaswheretheyhavenotoccurredyet.Thegreatestnumberofareas susceptibletolandslideoccurrenceislocatedindistrictsX(54%ofthedistrictarea)andVII(47%).Therearealsothemostsusceptible areas (LS > 0.95). The sensitivity analysis implemented in the module showed that among the thematic layers used for modelling the slopes, convergence index, distance from tectonic discontinuities and sub-Quaternary lithology have the greatest impact on the landslide susceptibility.
Osuwiska Masywu Ślęży (Przedgórze Sudeckie)
Authors: Chaszczewicz Adam Karol
Published: October 2022

.Œlê¿aMassifisanisolatedgroupofhills,surroundedbyplains,locatedontheSudeticForelandwith the main tops of Œlê¿a and Radunia. This mesoregion covers an area composed of two structural units: Sudetic Ophiolite and Strzegom-Sobótka Granite Pluton. The present relief of the Œlê¿a Massif was formed mainly during thePleistoceneglaciations.Thisarticlepresentstheresultsoflandslideobservationsmadeinselectedlocationson the Œlê¿a Massif. Scientific works were carried out on the south-western, southern and eastern slopes of Œlê¿a (composedofgabbros),aswellasonthenorthernslopesofRadunia(serpentinites).Thisareaistheplaceofoccurrence of specific morphological forms with research history abundant in various concepts (among others: moraines of the Scandinavian ice sheet, congelifluction tongues, debris flows, fossil rockglaciers and landslides). Author’s research, based on field works and digital terrain model analysis, reveals that 15 inactive landslides exist at these locations. The forms are characterized by various morphometric parameters and different types of colluvial mass movements. Probably, they emergedasaresultoflatePleistoceneandearlyHoloceneclimatechanges.Author’sconclusionspartiallyconfirmsomeobservations and interpretations stated by Horwath in 1981 and by Traczyk and Kasprzak in 2014. Due to plenty of landslide evidence, the views about relict rock glaciers and other conceptions should be defined as incorrect. The forms require further detailed studies.
All-optical phase-preserving amplitude-regeneration technology based on bidirectional orthogonal-pumped semiconductor optical amplifier configuration
Authors: Sun Fan , Wen Feng , Wu Bao-Jian , Tan Ming-Ming , Ling Yun , Qiu Kun ,   Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Ministry of Education, School of Communication and Information Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China,   Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
Published: October 2022

The phase-preserving amplitude regeneration scheme based on the bidirectional orthogonal-pumped semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is proposed in this work. Experimental investigation into the multiple four-wave mixing (FWM) process from the pump, the signal and their corresponding reflective fields is carried out in detail. The regeneration performance obtained from the product between co-propagating fields is also discussed, including its dependence on the signal launch power and the signal quality, to quantify the amplitude regeneration and the phase preserving behaviors. The amplitude distortion is suppressed by 2.2 dB experimentally, confirming the regeneration capability of the proposed scheme. Moreover, the regeneration performance is further investigated for multiple phase shift keying (MPSK) signals through the simulation. According to the numerical results, the operational parameters of the regenerator are the same for advanced modulation formats, proving the robust operation of the proposed bidirectional orthogonal-pumped SOA configuration.
A conserved role of bam in maintaining metabolic homeostasis via regulating intestinal microbiota in Drosophila
Authors: Wang Jiale , Zhu Yangyang , Zhang Chao , Duan Renjie , Kong Fanrui , Zheng Xianrui , Hua Yongzhi
Published: October 2022

Background

Previous studies have proven that bag-of-marbles (bam) plays a pivotal role in promoting early germ cell differentiation in Drosophila ovary. However, whether it functions in regulating the metabolic state of the host remains largely unknown.

Methods

We utilized GC-MS, qPCR, and some classical kits to examine various metabolic profiles and gut microbial composition in bam loss-of-function mutants and age-paired controls. We performed genetic manipulations to explore the tissue/organ-specific role of bam in regulating energy metabolism in Drosophila. The DSS-induced mouse colitis was generated to identify the role of Gm114, the mammalian homolog of bam, in modulating intestinal homeostasis.

Results

We show that loss of bam leads to an increased storage of energy in Drosophila. Silence of bam in intestines results in commensal microbial dysbiosis and metabolic dysfunction of the host. Moreover, recovery of bam expression in guts almost rescues the obese phenotype in bam loss-of-function mutants. Further examinations of mammalian Gm114 imply a similar biological function in regulating the intestinal homeostasis and energy storage with its Drosophila homolog bam.

Conclusion

Our studies uncover a novel biological function of bam/Gm114 in regulating the host lipid homeostasis.
Digital Innovation Development Policy to Increase SME Entrepreneurship Capability in Disruption Era
Authors: Wirata Gede , Astawa I. Wayan , Sulandari Sri
Published: October 2022

In creating new entities and more effective use of innovative capabilities, expertise, and skills, digital technology in human life is a hallmark of modern society. Some people feel dependent on the internet, including the entrepreneurial activities of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in utilizing digital information technology innovations to run their businesses, especially in the current era of distribution. Therefore, it needs to develop the policy of the digital innovation to maximize the capability of a company. The aim of this research is to understand the process of developing digital innovation to improve the entrepreneurial capabilities of SMEs in the distribution era. This study uses a literature study approach by observing and analyzing all information on the research topic such as literature, books, notes, magazines, and other references. The research results show that the development of digital innovation has a very close relationship with entrepreneurship, where both of these items have the same target, namely to make a profit. Furthermore, the marketing method for SME entrepreneurship products is used by utilizing digital innovation, namely online marketing through social media, digital platforms, or other marketplaces. This activity has a massive opportunity in the business world because it has entered the industrial era 4.0 and is heading towards society 5.0. Therefore, the SMEs need to apply the policy that is proven to be effective in developing digital innovation.
Adequate Position and Recommended Time for Initial Steps of Neonatal Resuscitation
Authors: Bolio-Molina Luis Ángel , Toledo-Verónico Gabriela , Bolio-Molina Víctor Manuel , Bolio-Molina Josefa Dominga
Published: October 2022

Background: The Neonatal Resuscitation Program highlights the importance of a newborn's first minute, the "Golden Minute", during which the pediatrician determines if a newborn requires, and initiates advanced resuscitation. From birth to the first neonatal evaluation, we detect periods that we call "Lost Time", that delay advanced resuscitation because it is not controlled: The "adequate position" in which gynecologists must "pass" and pediatricians "receive" the newborn; The transfer time to the radiant warmer and; The duration of the initial steps.

Objectives of the Study: 1. Present and propose what we consider the "adequate position" to "pass" and "receive" the newborn at each birth. 2. Expose “LT” detected, and how to eliminate them; 3. Establish the adequate time for each initial step of neonatal resuscitation.

Methodology: Observational, descriptive, comparative, triple-blind study. We recorded the position in which gynecologists pass to the newborn, and pediatricians receive, the transfer time to the radiant warmer, and the duration of the initial steps, in 150 deliveries and 150 cesarean sections. Results were analyzed with descriptive statistics, X2, T-test.

Results: The position to pass and receive the newborn was incorrect and delayed. The transfer time to the radiant warmer was long. The duration of the initial steps was longer than expected. Without differences between both groups.

Conclusions: Planning and accelerating the "adequate position" to "pass and receive" the neonate at each birth, reducing the transfer time to the radiant warmer and shortening the duration of the initial steps, allow us to eliminate lost time, optimize the golden minute of resuscitation and improve neonatal outcomes.
A Mathematical Model Approach for Prevention and Intervention Measures of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Uganda
Authors: Mbabazi Fulgensia Kamugisha , Gavamukulya Yahaya , Opaka Awichi Richard , Olupot-Olupot Peter , Rwahwire Samson , Biira Saphina , Luboobi Livingstone S.
Published: October 2022

The human{infecting corona virus disease (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a global pandemic on March11th, 2020. Different countries adopted different interventions at different stages of the outbreak, with social distancing being the first option while lock down the preferred option for attening the curve at the peak of the pandemic. Lock down aimed at adherence to social distancing, preserve the health system and improve survival. We propose a Susceptible-Exposed- Infected-Expected recoveries (SEIR) mathematical model for the prevention and control of Covid-19 in Uganda. We analyze the model using available data to find the infection-free, endemic/infection steady states and the basic reproduction number. We computed the reproductive number and it worked out as R0 = 0:468. We note that R0 is less than unity, thus forecast that several strategies in combination (including travel restrictions, mass media awareness, community buy-in and medical health interventions) will eliminate the disease from the population. However, our model predicts a recurrence of the disease after one year and two months (430 days) thus the population has to be mindful and continuously practice the prevention and control measures. In addition, a sensitivity analysis done showed that the transmission rate and the rate at which persons acquire the virus, have a positive in uence on the basic reproduction number. On other hand the rate of evacuation by a rescue ambulance greatly reduces the reproduction number. The results have potential to inform the impact and effect of early strict interventions including lock down in resource limited settings and social distancing.
Knowledge and Determinants of Hepatitis B Virus Testing and Vaccination Status among Sickle cell Disease Patients
Authors: Ogbuabor Alphonsus Ogbonna , Arji Greg Ndubuisi , Ngwu Chukwudi Uche
Published: October 2022

Background: Sickle cell anemia patients are a cohort of at-risk individuals for Hepatitis B virus infection due to their life-long dependency on transfusion therapy. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations stipulates testing and vaccination for at-risk individuals.

Objective: The objectives of the present study are to assess the level of knowledge of sickle cell disease patients to HBV infection, identify their HBV vaccination status and to assess the barrier that prevents patients from being tested and vaccinated for HBV infection.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The subjects comprised of 120 sickle cell disease patients who were recruited through consecutive sampling using pretested, semi-structured, self-administered questionnaires and data was analyzed with statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) for Microsoft Window Version 23.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 24 +6 years. About 57.5% of the respondents are aware of Hepatitis B virus infection but only 15% had good knowledge of the disease.  About 80.8% of the respondents have not been tested for Hepatitis B infection while 70% has not been vaccinated. The cost of testing for HBV infection and vaccination was identified as a major factor that prevented many of the patients from identifying their HBV status as well as getting vaccinated as about 80% of the respondents have not been tested due to high cost of testing while 84.2% have not been vaccinated due to high cost of the vaccine.

Conclusion: There should be universal health education to sickle cell anemia patients on the need for Hepatitis B virus infection test and vaccination as well as a health insurance scheme that will cover the cost of Hepatitis B virus testing and vaccination for patients.
Variation in Root Nutrient Content in Different Field Pea Germplasms Infected with Root Knot Nematode
Authors: Behera Sujit Kumar , Sahu Anukiran , Nayak Dhirendra Kumar , Dash Abhiram
Published: October 2022

This study was conducted in the Department of Nematology, College of Agriculture, OUAT. The experiment was designed using completely randomized completely randomized design (CRD) with different combinations of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) and leguminosarum strain of rhizobium in the three field pea germplasms, which are resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible against the root knot nematode infection. Different combination of interaction between root knot nematode and rhizobium affect the nutrient content likely nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake of the roots of field pea germplasms. Different combination of interaction between root knot nematode and rhizobium shows the decreased trend of nutrient uptake than that of only rhizobium treated plants
Polybacteria in Urinary Tract Infection among Antenatal Patients Attending University Teaching Hospital Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyedeji B. R. , Daramola G. O. , Edogun H. A. , Ogunfolakan O. O , Egbebi H. A. , Ojerinde A. O. , Ajayi O. D. , Ajala O. O.
Published: October 2022

A study of the polybacteria in UTI among antenatal patients attending clinics at the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, southwest, Nigeria was conducted between October, 2009 and July, 2011. Two hundred consenting symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women were recruited into the study and clean-catch midstream urine samples were collected from them. Structured questionnaires were also administered to the subjects to obtain relevant socio-demographic data from them. The results showed that 98(49%) out of the 200 samples had significant bacteria growth, 22 (11%) yielded growth of Candida albicans, 30 (15%) yielded no significant growth, 14 (7%) yielded mixed growth of contaminants, while 44 (22%) yielded no bacteria growth. Microscopically, the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis was detected in 8 (4%) of the samples. Thirty (28.8%) of the samples yielded growth of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp 28 (26.9%), Staphylococcus spp 22 (21.2%), Pseudomonas spp 10 (9.6%), Proteus spp 6 (5.8%) and Streptococcus spp 2 (1.9%). Statistical analysis of the result reveal that there’s an association between polybacteria UTI and subjects’ socio-economic status. It was more prevalent in subjects with low socio-economic status, was highest in subjects’ in first trimester and lowest in the third trimester. Antibiotic susceptibility testing shows that the isolates had high sensitivity to peflacine, gentamicin, nitrofurantoin, rocephin and cloxacillin. They had fairly good sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid, whereas they had moderate sensitivity to chloramphenicol and zinacef. They were however resistant to tetracycline, cotrimoxazole, colisitn, streptomycin, ampicillin and penicillin.
Detection and Dissemination of Extented-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Genes (CTX-M-15 and SHV-187) Isolated in Multi-Drug Resistant Uropathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Cote D'ivoire
Authors: Joël Tahou Eric , Bernardin Ahouty Ahouty , Karine Gba Kossia Manzan , Nathalie Guessennd Kouadio , Simon-Pierre N’guetta Assanvo
Published: October 2022

Enterobacteriaceae are ubiquitous commensal bacteria of humans that have become major causative agents of hospital infections. The objective of the study was to characterized the extended-spectrum beta-lactam resistance genes from multi-drug uropathogenic clinical strains in Côte d'Ivoire. Bacterial strains isolated from various biological products were collected from January 2011 to June 2016 at the Observatoire de la résistance des micro-organismes aux anti-infectieux en Côte d'ivoire (ORMICI).  Two hundred and sixty six (266) enterobacterial strains were collected during this study. Antibacterial susceptibility and the presence of bla genes were determined by the solid-state diffusion method and by PCR, respectively. The presence of ESBL was confirmed by the double disc synergy test method and Sequencing was performed. Of the strains collected, the most isolated were Escherichia coli 53 (39.25%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 36 (26.66%). Antibiotic resistance of more than 50% was observed for gentamicin, norfloxacin, third generation cephalosporins and tobramicin in E coli. Only imipenem had a low resistance rate of 5.6%. However, apart from norfloxacin, the Klebsiella pneumoniae strains tested expressed resistance to aztreonam and second generation cephalosporins in excess of 50%. The rate of resistance to aztreonam and cefotaxin was statistically different between E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains (p-value ₌ 0,008 and p-value ₌ 0,032 respectively). The genes blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, qnr B and a class I integron were detected. After sequencing, the SHV-1, SHV-28, SHV-187 and CTX-M15 variants were detected. Although these results are of low proportions, this may be considered critical for the future, hence the need for a better antibiotic surveillance strategy in Abidjan.
In-vitro Antibacterial Activity of Allium sativum on Common Food Poisoning Bacteria
Authors: Ssemwanga Elastus , Mulungi Priscillah N. , Tumusiime Jazira , Dhihume Willy , Arinaitwe Bruce , Ssedyabane Frank , Rugera Simon Peter , Ajayi Clement Olusoji , Omara Denis
Published: October 2022

Background: The use of herbal medicines for food poisoning in inadequate resource countries has greatly increased with the limited establishment of antibacterial activity. This study aimed at establishing the antibacterial activity of the aqueous Allium sativum extract against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium.

Methods: Allium sativum L. (Amaryllidaceae) was purchased from a farmer in Kasese District and was authenticated. The material was then extracted using distilled water, filtered and lyophilized. Evaluation of the phytochemicals in the extract was done using standard procedures. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint of the extract was conducted to monitor the reproducibility of the extract. The antibacterial activity of the aqueous garlic extract against the organisms above was evaluated and expressed as Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC).

Results: Phytochemical screening of the garlic extract showed the presence of amino acids, alkaloids, glycosides and saponins, flavonoids, steroids and terpenoids. HPLC fingerprints showed 39 and 98 peaks at 220nm and 254nm wavelengths respectively and the presence of various phytochemical compounds in A. sativum. The extract showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli and S. typhi.

Conclusion: The aqueous garlic extract exhibited antibacterial activity against tested common food poisoning bacteria, with a high potency against gram-positive bacteria.
Trends in Obesity Prevalence Among Patients Enrolled in Clinical Trials for Obesity-Related Cancers, 1986 to 2016
Authors: Vaidya Riha , Till Cathee , Greenlee Heather , Hershman Dawn L. , Unger Joseph M.
Published: October 2022

Importance

Obesity rates have risen in the United States since the 1980s. Several studies have shown links between obesity and the incidence of specific cancer types, but none have systematically examined obesity prevalence at the time of cancer diagnosis, or among clinical trial participants, all of which may affect clinical outcomes.

Objective

To examine the prevalence of obesity and, separately, overweight and obesity over 30 years among patients with cancer enrolled in clinical treatment trials for obesity-related cancers; and to compare trends with corresponding trends in the US.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study examined clinical treatment trials for obesity-related cancers conducted by the SWOG Cancer Research Network at community and academic sites. Participants included adult patients enrolled in phase 2 or phase 3 clinical treatment trials in obesity-related cancers between 1986 and 2016. Statistical analysis was performed from June 2020 to July 2022.

Exposures

Year of enrollment to a clinical trial.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Prevalence of obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30) and overweight or obesity (BMI > 25) at the time of clinical trial enrollment. Multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusted for demographic and clinical factors, was used to analyze patient height and weight collected at clinical trial enrollment.

Results

Among 23 926 patients (median [IQR] age, 58 [51-66] years; 17 594 [73.5%] female; 969 [4.0%] Hispanic, 2173 [9.1%] non-Hispanic Black, 19 890 [83.1%] non-Hispanic White) enrolled between 1986 and 2016, unadjusted obesity rates increased from 23.5% (in 1986 to 1990 [n = 657]) to 42.3% (in 2011 to 2016 [n = 836]). There was an increasing linear trend in obesity (odds ratio [OR], 1.23 for each 5-year increase; 95% CI, 1.21-1.26; P < .001), which persisted after covariate adjustment for demographic and clinical characteristics. Findings were consistent for the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity. The observed overall increasing trend in obesity prevalence from 1999-2000 to 2015-2016 was greater in trial patients (21.3% [SE = 0.7] to 49.1% [SE = 1.6]) than in US adults (30.5% [SE = 1.5] to 39.6% [SE = 1.6]) (P for trend = .03), but was similar to US cancer survivors (18.9% [SE = 1.9] to 42.2% [SE = 2.1]; P for trend = .31).

Conclusions and Relevance

This cohort study found that patients with cancer and obesity are currently well-represented in cancer clinical trials, increasing confidence that trial findings are generalizable to patients with obesity in clinical practice. Availability of data on height and weight at diagnosis through cancer registries will enable a more rigorous analysis of obesity prevalence among patients with cancer.
Blood Leukocyte Counts in Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Luo Jiao , Thomassen Jesper Qvist , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Tybjærg-Hansen Anne , Frikke-Schmidt Ruth
Published: October 2022

Importance

Emerging evidence implicates a role for neuroinflammation in Alzheimer disease (AD) pathogenesis, predominantly involving the innate immune system. Blood leukocyte counts are easily accessible markers of immune function; however, their association with the risk of AD is unknown.

Objective

To investigate the observational and genetic associations between types of blood leukocytes and risk of AD.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In a cohort study comprising observational and genetic analyses, the Copenhagen General Population Study prospective cohort (n = 101 582) was used for the observational analyses. For the genetic studies, nonlinearity was first evaluated for the association between leukocyte cell counts and AD risk using individual-level data from the UK Biobank (n = 365 913). Subsequently, a 2-sample mendelian randomization framework was applied using genetic instruments for blood leukocyte counts (n = 563 085); for AD, the European Alzheimer & Dementia Biobank was used, including 85 934 individuals with AD and 401 577 controls and the International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project, including 21 982 individuals with AD and 41 944 controls.

Exposures

Observational and genetically determined types of blood leukocyte counts.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for AD of cell count percentile groups in observational studies and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for AD per 1 SD genetically determined cell counts.

Results

This cohort study included 101 582 participants (55 891 [55.0%] women) with a median age of 58 years (IQR, 48-67 years); of these, 1588 individuals developed AD. Multivariable-adjusted HRs for participants in the less than 5th vs the 25th to 75th (reference) percentile group were 1.24 (95% CI, 0.99-1.54) for blood monocytes and 1.25 for blood eosinophils (95% CI, 1.05-1.50). For participants in the greater than 95th vs the 25th to 75th percentile group, the HR was 1.30 (95% CI, 1.06-1.61) for blood neutrophils. Genetically, no evidence favored possible nonlinear associations. The ORs for AD per 1-SD decrease in genetically determined blood monocytes were 1.04 (95% CI, 1.00-1.10) in the European Alzheimer & Dementia Biobank consortium and 1.09 (95% CI, 1.01-1.17) in the International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project consortium. Using mendelian randomization, sensitivity analyses and multivariable analysis showed similar results.

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this study suggest that low blood monocyte counts are associated with increased AD risk. These findings highlight a potential role of the innate immune system in AD pathogenesis.