bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De la lumière, des lignes et des poussières. Commentaire sur le « minimalisme » de Rayons de soleil ou Soleil, « Danse de la poussière aux rayons de soleil » (1900) de Vilhelm Hammershøi
Authors: Pedersen Christian Bank
Published: October 2023

À en croire le sous-titre d’une grande exposition internationale de 2008, le travail du peintre danois Vilhelm Hammershøi (1864-1916) exprime « la poésie du silence ». Comment une œuvre peinte pourrait-elle représenter non seulement le silence, mais aussi la poésie de celui-ci ? De telles métaphores synesthétiques touchant à l’univers artistique de Hammershøi dévoilent un lieu commun critique le concernant : l’artiste fait œuvre en faisant voir le silence et ce, surtout à travers ses intérieurs, singulièrement épurés. Serait-ce approprié de qualifier Hammershøi de « minimaliste » ?Dans le présent article, je considère cette question notamment en regardant certains de ses choix techniques et donc artistiques en relation avec les réflexions esthétiques et le travail du peintre exemplaire du minimalisme, Frank Stella. Puis, je commente le plus célèbre des tableaux dépouillés de Vilhelm Hammershøi, Rayons de soleil ou Soleil, « Danse de la poussière aux rayons de soleil », afin de voir en quoi consiste véritablement sa stratégie « minimale ».
Les paysages esthétiques et religieux en Norvège au XIXe siècle
Authors: Amundsen Arne Bugge
Published: October 2023

L’article1 étudie les changements esthétiques des paysages culturels religieux en Norvège au XIXe siècle. Ces changements doivent être interprétés dans un contexte scandinave plus large qui voit les Églises d’État luthériennes historiques contestées par de nouvelles organisations de chrétiens laïcs et de nouvelles dénominations chrétiennes, toutes construisant leurs propres lieux de réunion ou leurs propres églises, selon des normes qui s’éloignent des traditions luthériennes et laissent la part belle à la piété individuelle et une esthétique religieuse simple, classique et aisément interprétable. Cette évolution représente une rupture avec les choix architecturaux passés, en intérieur comme en extérieur, et manifeste la recherche d’un nouveau lien entre les expériences émotionnelles et corporelles et la sphère cultuelle.
Sustainability in Upstream Oil and Gas
Authors: Laturkar Kaustubh , Laturkar Kasturi
Published: October 2023

Oil and gas production plays an important role in meeting global energy needs, but it also has environmental and social implications. In addition to creating ecological degradation and carbon emissions, oil and gas operations also damage the environment. Upstream sustainability requires improvements in several key areas, such as switching to cleaner energy sources including natural gas and renewables, reducing methane emissions, and adopting innovative carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. A brief overview of the upstream oil and gas industry is presented in this chapter, along with an assessment of the need to implement sustainable initiatives. An overview of sustainability improvements and challenges associated with implementation follows. The chapter concluded with an exploration of the equitable future of the industry achieved through the execution of these strategies and the promotion of a sustainable culture.
Prediction of Concrete Constituents’ Behavior Using Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Prakash Akula , Munipally Sai Krishna , Fernando P.A. Edwin
Published: October 2023

Due to the challenges of providing constant observation and control of the curing environment, the effectiveness of the conventional concrete process on site is poor. This causes a significant difference in the curing regimes encountered by various concrete pours. Yet, the potential of Internet of things (IoT) technologies has not yet been exploited in this context. To improve concrete practice, technologies have been harnessed that reduce human participation and enable more rigorous management of the ambient variables impacting curing. The interior temperature of concrete may be directly measured in real time and continuously monitored by a management system for in-place concrete using an all-in-one wireless sensor network (WSN) during the initial phases of curing. Without considering the wiring at the building site, the algorithm may also provide a well-informed choice about the removal of the formworks. To monitor and regulate the moisture content of hardening concrete to the levels necessary for high-quality hardened concrete, this research study looked at an IoT-based concrete curing control system based on sensor technologies. The effectiveness of this IoT-based technique was compared to the effectiveness of conventional curing procedures based on on-site trials. According to the findings, the system developed beats the conventional method in terms of both the effectiveness of concrete curing and the amount of time required for supervision.
Study on the Manufacturing of Composite Materials Made from Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) in Indonesia for Use as Lining in Open Channels
Authors: Hasyim Suryadarma , Salam Nasaruddin , Pallu Muhammad Saleh , Maricar Farouk
Published: October 2023

This study explained the potential use of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite materials as an alternative lined material for irrigation channels in Indonesia. Currently, only four recommended materials are used as lining in irrigation channels in Indonesia, i.e., stone masonry, concrete, soil-cement, and ferrocement. Almost all lined material's main constituents are sourced from nature/environment. The exploitation of these mined materials will impact environmental destruction. This study focused on the manufacturing process of GFRP material, GFRP surface roughness testing, and the water flow characteristics in the hydraulic model experimental testing. The manufacturing process of GFRP material used polyester resin as the polymer matrix, E-glass type with a combination of woven roving mat covered by non-woven standard mat as the glass fiber reinforcement, and manufacturing process with a combination of hand lay-up and spray-up techniques. The GFRP material product has an average surface roughness coefficient value of Ra around 5.19 to 5.97 μm. The GFRP manufacturing has a good uniform product, as the average surface roughness coefficients of GFRP material have relatively the same values. It is shown that a factory in Indonesia has sufficient capacity to manufacture GFRP material for lining in open channels. The water flow characteristics in the flume were turbulent during testing in the hydraulic laboratory. The experimental study concluded that the GFRP composite materials could be implemented as preliminary references for alternative lined material in irrigation channels in Indonesia.
Binding Energy Stark-Shift, Polarizability and Dipole Moment Response of Shallow Donor Impurity in GaAs Quantum Dots
Authors: Chnafi Mohamed , Mommadi Omar , Boussetta Reda , Chouef Soufiane , Hbibi Mohammed , Belamkadem Laaziz , El Moussaouy Abdelaaziz , Duque Carlos Alberto , Falyouni Farid
Published: October 2023

In this study, we have examined, under the influence of an electric field applied along the z-direction, the binding energy Stark-shift, the dipole moment and the polarizability of a confined shallow donor impurity in GaAs conical-shaped quantum dots (CSQD). With square infinite confinement system, the calculations are based on the approximation of the effective mass by using the finite difference method. Our results show that increasing the radius of the CSQD structure and the electric field intensity increases the Stark shift binding energy and it has a mixed behavior as a function of the impurity position. Furthermore, the polarizability and the dipole moment vary in a quasi-linear way as a function of the dot radius and they follow a decreasing function as a function of the electric field intensity. These two physical parameters have a double behavior, they decrease with the position of the impurity in the strong confinement regime and they increase in the top regions of the quantum dot. These results provide a lot of information about the behavior of the electronic wave function which give more interesting ideas for the fabrication of optoelectronic devices.
Mathematical Model of Material Removal Rate during Milling of AISI D2 Tool Steel Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Patel Ravikumar D. , Patel Shailesh
Published: October 2023

The CNC milling process is one of the most valuable traditional machining processes for machining hardened material by using various coated end mill tools. The attention of the current study has been done on end milling of hardened AISI D2 tool steel which is a commonly used tool steel grade in a press machine. The material removal rate is an essential aspect of improving productivity and reducing lead time and production costs. MRR has been considered as a response in this experimental work. A number of experiments were conducted using the design of the experiment via response surface methodology (RSM). MRR was calculated for each machining performance. A mathematical model of MRR was found using response surface methodology.
An FEM-ANN Based Analysis of Cutting Force and Cutting Tool Deflection to Predict Tool Wear in Double Tool Turning Process
Authors: Khatekar Nikhil V. , Kalidasan Rathinam , Pawade Raju S.
Published: October 2023

In the conventional turning process, cutting forces and cutting tool deflection plays an important role in tool wear mechanism. The cutting tool is subjected to uneven wear due to heavy cutting forces. This further leads to shear deformation of the tool which ultimately affects the surface texture of the workpiece. In this paper, an experimental setup is designed and fabricated which can hold rigidly the two cutting tools namely, the front and rear tool in opposite direction. Moreover, to check its robustness and feasibility, the numerical modelling of the experimental setup is performed using the experimental data. A total of nine simulation runs were performed according to the machining parameters used in the experimental study to check the accuracy of the Finite element model. Additionally, these experimental values of resultant cutting force were used to obtain the resultant deflection of both the cutting tools through simulation tests. Finally, the values of resultant cutting force and the resultant deflection of both the tools were predicted using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and compared to estimate the tool wear. It was found that the experimental results were in good agreement with the ANN predicted results.
Inflammatory response in Plasmodium falciparum-infected patients treated using raw liquid extract of Morinda lucida (Oowo) leaf in some traditional homes in Nigeria
Authors: Olaniyan Mathew Folaranmi , Olaniyan Tolulope Busayo
Published: October 2023

Study Background:

Morinda lucida is a medicinal plant used in Nigeria for Plasmodium falciparum infection treatment due to its phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities. Traditional medicine is accepted in Nigeria for its effectiveness. The plant’s various parts treat fever, malaria, diabetes, ulcers, and gonorrhea. It contains alkaloids, anthraquinones, anthraquinols, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and glycosides.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the inflammatory response in P. falciparum-infected patients treated with the raw liquid extract of M. lucida leaves in traditional homes in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted in ten traditional homes in Saki, Nigeria. Fifty P. falciparum-infected participants receiving treatment in traditional homes were recruited, along with 50 participants receiving conventional malaria treatment in hospitals and 50 noninfected participants as controls. Blood samples were collected for the estimation of parasite density by microscopy, plasma interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels by ELISA. The raw liquid extract of M. lucida leaves was prepared and administered to the patients. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the results among the different groups.

Results:

The results showed a significant difference in plasma IL-10, TNF-α levels, and parasite density across the different groups. Treatment with the raw liquid extract led to a decrease in plasma IL-10 levels and an increase in plasma TNF-α levels and parasite density in the infected patients. No significant difference was observed between traditional home and hospital patients in terms of IL-10 levels and parasite density.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that the raw liquid extract of M. lucida leaves may modulate the inflammatory response in P. falciparum-infected patients. Further studies are needed to explore the therapeutic potential of this plant in the treatment of malaria.
Single-session endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) vs. Two-stage Endoscopic Stone Extraction during ERCP followed by LC: a multicenter experience
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Abdelshafy , Gaber R. Asmaa , Saada Ahmed , Fouad Hesham Fayek , Ismail Mahmoud M.A. , Yousef A Mohamed
Published: October 2023

Background

The best way to handle gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones that are present simultaneously is up for dispute. The combination of endoscopic ERCP stone extraction and laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the standard of care since the development of endoscopic and laparoscopic methods.

Objective

The current study aimed to evaluate single-stage ERCP/laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and two-stage ERCP/LC in terms of imaging frequency, length of anesthesia, mean operating time, length of stay, and expenditures.

Patients and methods

Between June 2020 and January 2023, this multicenter retrospective comparative analysis was carried out in Qena University Hospitals, South Valley University, Qena and Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut University, Assiut.

Results

This research covered 220 participants. At ERCP, all patients had their bile ducts cleared. Regarding baseline variables such as age, sex, abdominal pain, preoperative liver function test, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase level, there is no difference between the two groups. The length of hospital stay varies significantly.

Conclusion

When compared with two separate procedures, single-session ERCP/LC has been safely and successfully utilized in some circumstances and is related to a shorter hospital stay, a reduced frequency of imaging, and better patient satisfaction.
An ambiguous periapical cyst
Authors: Sinha Rinisha , Pranave P. , Waghmare Pramod
Published: October 2023

Periapical cyst or radicular cyst is the most common inflammatory odontogenic cyst of the jaws, but its association with the over-retained deciduous teeth is unusual. This case reports a 24-year-old male patient who complained of swelling in the upper right back tooth region of the mouth. It was tentatively diagnosed as an odontogenic keratocyst because of its radiographic appearance. However, after histopathological examination, it was identified as an infected periapical cyst whose etiology was an over-retained deciduous root piece. We have reported this case due to its uniqueness in terms of etiology, clinical and radiographic findings, and management. The literature review is discussed in comparison with the current case's findings as well as the indications for guided bone regeneration after a follow-up of 6 months. This article highlights that the art of clinical diagnosis lies in the ability to perform a thorough examination, followed by proper investigations that may defy the provisional diagnosis. Sometimes, it lies as a disguise and only a detailed thorough investigation can reveal its true identity.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article:

Practice-based learning and improvement, Medical knowledge, Patient care.
Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome in a Child with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Deshpande Pankaj V.
Published: October 2023

Renal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is well known. We present a 16-year-old boy, who was in remission on treatment for SLE for the past three years and now presented with nephrotic syndrome. The kidney biopsy was normal with the immunofluorescence revealing no deposits. He went into remission by day 9 of treatment and completed the course of treatment with prednisolone alone with no relapses. The clinical picture along with the histology and autoimmune markers for SLE indicate that he developed minimal change nephrotic syndrome that was responsive to prednisolone. It is important to be aware that minimal change nephrotic syndrome can occur in a patient as part of lupus podocytopathy and heavy immunosuppression may be unwarranted.
Hypercalcemia in an Infant with Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 2: A Novel Association
Authors: Singhania Pankaj , Ghosh Arunava , Bhattacharjee Rana , Chowdhury Subhankar , Datta Dipanjana
Published: October 2023

Hypercalcemia in infants presents with a variety of clinical features and the etiology of hypercalcemia varies with age. Here we present a case of hypercalcemia in an infant presenting with nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis. Our investigations led us to a diagnosis of primary hyperoxaluria (PH) type 2, a rare metabolic disorder, along with hypercalcemia, a never before reported association. A 9-month-old female presented with urinary tract infection and systemic features requiring hospitalization and parenteral antibiotics. Investigations revealed bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis. Genetic testing revealed a diagnosis of Primary hyperoxaluria type 2 with two possible mutations. Sanger sequencing of the parents identified the pathogenic mutation in the mother. This is the first report of a genetically proven case of primary hyperoxaluria type 2 associated with hypercalcemia.
Outcomes of HIV-infected Patients on Dialysis: Experience at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Deshpande Ravi Prakash , Chetan CS , Bhadoria Ravinder Singh
Published: October 2023

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major public health problem. These patients are at an increased risk for end-stage kidney disease. Both hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) are the accepted modalities of treatment

Materials And Methods:

In this retrospective study, we included all HIV-positive end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients who were on dialysis – HD or CAPD – for at least 1 month. Data were collected from the dialysis charts and analyzed.

Results:

There were 20 patients in the CAPD group and 76 patients in the HD group. Mean age was 49.6 ± 8.73 years in the CAPD group and 46.28 ± 9.02 years in the HD group. Hypertension and diabetes were the common causes for ESKD. Mean survival was slightly better in CAPD group (20.94 vs. 15.46 months). The HD group had higher mortality within 12 months of dialysis initiation, and infection was the cause for early deaths. Mean infection episodes was 2.1 in HD group and 3.1 in CAPD group. CAPD patients with low albumin (<2.5 g/dl) had higher peritonitis rates

Conclusion:

Managing HIV-positive dialysis patients remains challenging. In our study, survival was marginally better in the CAPD group. In both groups, low CD4 count was associated with more infections and low albumin with more peritonitis episodes. A study incorporating more peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, longer follow-ups, and a matched non-HIV control will throw more light on patient outcomes.
Congenital Unilateral Hypoplasia of Kidney with Mesonephric Remnants in the Ureter: A Case Report
Authors: Singh Kanika , Jain Manjula , Pujani Mukta , Chauhan Varsha , Khandelwal Aparna , Abbas Syed Zafar
Published: October 2023

Mesonephric remnants persist as an appendix of epididymis and paradidymis in efferent ductules in males and skene’s glands and Gartner’s ducts in females. The mesonephric remnant in the renal parenchyma is extremely rare and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. We present a case with a non-functioning atrophic left kidney. Histopathology showed variable-sized ducts filled with colloid-like material surrounded by collagenized stroma. The ureter showed hypertrophied muscle and a few ducts lined by flattened and a few by columnar epithelium resembling epididymis suggestive of mesonephric remnants. IHC for CD10, PAX 8, and GATA3 was positive. A diagnosis of congenital unilateral hypoplasia of kidneys and ureter with mesonephric remnants was given.
Auditory Deficits in Employees of Business Process Outsourcing (BPO): Need to Take Preventative Action
Authors: Verma Himanshu , Chhabra Neha , Mishra Roshani , Nagamani Banumathy
Published: October 2023

The present study aimed to explore auditory deficits in full-time call center workers. A total of sixty participants participated, which was divided into two groups, viz. experimental group and control group. The complete audiological test battery was performed. On comparing the groups, significant differences were obtained for both ears while analyzing the TEOAEs, PTA1, and PTA2 (high-frequency audiometry). From the results, it can be delineated that BPO employees are at risk for sensorineural hearing loss following continuous noise exposure. We conclude that this type of hearing loss may be considered an iceberg, and to overcome all the issues related to noise exposure, all BPO employees should undergo periodic audiological, psychological, and health screening.
Survival Analysis for Cohort of Bhopal Gas Disaster Victims during 1985-2015
Authors: Singh Sushil , Raj Dharma , Sabde Yogesh , Kalyanasundaram Madhanraj , Tiwari Rajnarayan Ramshankar
Published: October 2023

Context:

After the gas tragedy on the night of December 2/3, 1984, at Bhopal, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) started following up on four population cohorts with different levels of post-disaster mortality from December 3–6, 1984.

Aims:

The present study was undertaken to estimate the survival time of the cohort, and investigate the risk of mortality based on exposure, gender, and median age.

Settings and Design:

Survival analysis is generally used to evaluate factors associated with the time to an event of failure or death among any covered population.

Methods and Materials:

To know the cause of death and mortality rate, a retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on the outcomes of 92,320 individuals with an exposed and non-exposed group from 1985 to 2015 in Bhopal, India.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Basic survival analysis method, Kaplan–Meier method, and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to analyze the mortality risk.

Results:

During the past 30 years, the survivability was 87.25%, and the mortality rate was 7.2% for the cohort population of Bhopal gas survivors. Cox regression analysis showed that exposed, males, and individuals above 21 years (at the time of the disaster) were at higher risk of mortality from 1985 to 2015.

Conclusions:

During the initial two phases, the mortality was higher in the exposed group, but over time, their survival turned out to be the same in both groups.
Metabolic Syndrome among Female School Teachers: A Sedentary Occupational Sector
Authors: Monica Sarah Jane , John Sheila , Madhanagopal R
Published: October 2023

Background:

Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, and abdominal obesity are important determinants of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Ample studies provide statistical data on the prevalence of MetS among the general public. Conversely, there is a paucity of data on the risk of MetS among different sedentary occupational groups.

Objective:

To assess the risk of MetS among female school teachers and to identify factors contributing to MetS.

Methodology:

The study was conducted among 256 female school teachers residing in Chennai city. A questionnaire was used to elicit information on the socio-demographic profile, diet pattern, physical fitness, and genetic history of lifestyle diseases. Anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical parameters were measured using standard methods. MetS was diagnosed using the harmonizing definition. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software.

Results:

Results evince that 39.45% of female school teachers were diagnosed with MetS, of which 26.56% had three components, 9.77% had four components, and 3.12% had all components of MetS. Abdominal obesity (99%) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (96.04%) were the most predominant components. The least common component was diastolic hypertension (32.67%). MetS components were high among school teachers aged 36–45 years and 46–55 years. Age, fasting hyperglycemia, paternal history of hypertension, physical inactivity, eating out, and consumption of refined cereals significantly contributed to MetS (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Results highlight the need to identify high-risk individuals and promote a healthy lifestyle through various intervention programs.
A Cross-sectional Study on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice about Inhaler Usage among Asthmatic Patients
Authors: Jayadev Gaurav , Kumbar Abhinandan S. , Rashmi B. M. , Sindhu B. M.
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Adherence to inhalation therapy has direct relationship to the treatment outcome of asthma. Various patient-related factors such as lack of awareness, false beliefs, and embarrassment affect the usage of inhalers among asthmatics and also asthma control.

Objectives:

The objective of the study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of asthmatic patients toward inhaler use. The sociodemographic correlates for the same, the level of asthma control, proportion of patients using inhalers correctly were also assessed.

Methodology:

Asthma patients aged above 18 years and on inhaler treatment, attending outpatient department and inpatient department of a Medical College Hospital were included in the study. Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines were used to assess asthma control.

Results:

130 patients participated in the study. Only 46.2% had prior knowledge about asthma, before their diagnosis. Only 35.4% preferred inhalers as choice before initiating their treatment. 68.5% had poor controlled asthma. 63.8% were regular in their follow-up visits and in using their prescribed inhalers. 63.8% had awareness about other forms of inhalers. 33.1% of patients felt that inhalers usage leads to addiction. 34.6% participants had concept that inhalers are only for serious illness/old age. High proportion of patients felt that inhalers are a lifelong measure (72.3%), inhalers are costlier compared to oral medicines for asthma (63.8%), and inhalers lead to complex side-effects (63.8%). 57.7% felt embarrassed to use inhalers in the public. On assessment, 37.7% had incorrect method of inhaler usage.

Conclusion and Recommendations:

High prevalence of false beliefs, misconceptions, and embarrassment about inhalers and its use among asthma patients was seen. Patient education in these aspects should be given for improving awareness of asthma and its treatment modalities, so as to achieve better disease control.
Cardiovascular Abnormalities Associated with Heterotaxy Syndrome: A Case Series
Authors: Joshi Shraddha , Arora Suryansh , Jadon Ravindra Singh , Guleria Munish
Published: October 2023

Heterotaxy syndromes result from the failure of normal lateralization, resulting in the abnormal arrangement of cardiothoracic and abdominal viscera. These are associated with a disproportionate morbidity and mortality rate, mandating early diagnosis, and surgical intervention. Accurate determination of situs, as well as congenital abnormalities, is necessary for surgical planning and determination of postoperative outcome and quality of life. In this case series, we present the spectrum of cardiac, pulmonary, and systemic vascular abnormalities associated with heterotaxy syndromes. Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed on 10 patients with heterotaxy syndromes diagnosed on echocardiography. We found that the most common congenital heart disease associated with heterotaxy in our case series was atrioventricular septal defect. Among the extracardiac vascular abnormalities, pulmonary infundibular stenosis, right-sided aortic arch, and double superior vena cava were common. Moreover, not all cases displayed congruence between cardiac, tracheobronchial, and visceral situs. In conclusion, CTA is useful in the diagnosis of intracardiac and extracardiac vascular abnormalities associated with heterotaxy syndromes. In addition, it gives valuable information about the tracheobronchial situs, visceral situs, and other congenital abnormalities.
A cross-sectional study evaluating the knowledge, attitude, and practice of evidence-based medicine among resident doctors of a health-care Institution of National Importance in India
Authors: Prabath Indumathi , Xaviar Suja , Navabalan Vivekraj , Mathaiyan Jayanthi
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives:

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) promotes the integration of updated– best evidence with patient preferences and medical expertise for clinical decision-making. Despite the availability of high-quality evidence such as systematic review and meta-analysis, some clinicians manage their patients based on past experiences and expert opinion. Thus, this study was proposed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of EBM among resident doctors at a tertiary care hospital in India.

Participants and Methods:

This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among senior residents and final-year postgraduates (PGs) who were independently involved in clinical decision-making. By convenience sampling method, the participants were recruited, and the validated EBM Questionnaire (EBMQ) was distributed online for assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice of EBM. Descriptive statistics were represented as frequency and proportions.

Results:

A total of 102 resident doctors participated with male preponderance (74.5%). Nearly, 96 (94.1%) participants were already practicing EBM and 21.6% had undergone EBM training. Textbooks (50%) were the most often referred sources for EBM information. Specific EBM databases such as MEDLINE and Cochrane were also utilized by 37.3% of participants. More than 70% of participants understood the terms such as a randomized controlled trial, case–control study, and P value. A higher proportion (80.4%) of participants showed a positive attitude about patient care improved by EBM.

Conclusions:

The majority of the resident doctors exhibited good knowledge and a positive attitude toward applying EBM in clinical decision-making. Periodic training through workshops or courses and integration of EBM with the PG curriculum would potentially enhance the EBM practice.
Update in diagnosis and management of irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Hung Tsung-Hsing , Wang Chih-Ying , Lee Hsing-Feng
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by a lack of structural or biochemical abnormalities. The current diagnosis of IBS is based on the Rome IV criteria, and it is recommended to approach IBS patients using a multidimensional clinical profile (MDCP). The pathophysiology of IBS is multifactorial and involves motility disorders, genetic factors, immune responses, visceral hypersensitivity, brain–gut dysregulation, and altered intestinal microbiota. The management of IBS includes both nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies. Nonpharmacologic therapy options include physical activity, low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyol diet, as well as cognitive behavioral therapy. Pharmacologic therapy options include probiotics, antidepressants, antispasmodics, and new agents. In clinical practice, a multidisciplinary strategy, including nonpharmacologic or/and pharmacologic treatment for IBS, is emphasized. Therefore, clinicians should carefully consider the underlying pathophysiology before selecting an appropriate therapeutic option for the treatment of IBS. In other words, individualized treatment plans are necessary for managing IBS.
Globally stable cylinders for hyperbolic CAT(0) cube complexes
Authors: Lazarovich Nir , Sageev Michah
Published: October 2023

Rips and Sela (1995) introduced the notion of globally stable cylinders and asked if all Gromov hyperbolic groups admit such. We prove that hyperbolic cubulated groups admit globally stable cylinders.
Model Theory: Combinatorics, Groups, Valued Fields and Neostability
Authors: Kaplan Itay , Rideau Silvain , Tent Katrin , Wagner Frank Olaf
Published: October 2023

The scope of contemporary model theory has expanded enor- mously over the last several decades, helped by the development of new tools applicable to an ever wider range of structures. In the spirit of the previous meetings in the series, this workshop will bring together researchers from ap- parently separate subfields of model theory whose work is linked by common themes, with a particular emphasis on intrinsic model theoretic questions motivated by the classification of approriately ‘tame’ groups and fields and new developments in asymptotic combinatorics.
Low-dimensional Topology
Authors: Friedl Stefan , Moriah Yoav , Purcell Jessica S. , Schleimer Saul
Published: October 2023

The workshop brought together experts from across all areas of low-dimensional topology, including knot theory, computational topology, three-manifolds and four-manifolds. In addition to the standard research talks we had two survey talks by Marc Lackenby and Joel Hass, leading to discussions of open problems. Furthermore we had three sessions of fiveminute talks by a total of roughly thirty participants.
Resolutions in Local Algebra and Singularity Theory
Authors: Conca Aldo , Cutkosky Steven Dale , Faber Eleonore , Iyengar Srikanth B.
Published: October 2023

Commutative algebra is a vast subject, with connections to many different areas of mathematics, and beyond. The focus of this workshop was on three areas, all concerned with resolutions in various forms. One is the resolution of singularities of algebraic varieties, which remains a vibrant topic of research. The second is the theory of noncommutative resolution of singularities. Introduced two decades ago, this subject has witnessed remarkable growth developing connections to algebraic geometry, commutative algebra, cluster algebras, and the representation theory of algebras, both commutative and noncommutative, among others. The third intended meaning of the world “resolution” is as in free resolutions of algebras and modules in commutative algebra. There is another sense in which the title is appropriate: recently three long standing open problems in commutative algebra have been resolved. This workshop brought together experts and early career researchers in these various fields, to facilitate exchange of ideas and to explore potential collaborations.
Representation Theory of Quivers and Finite-Dimensional Algebras
Authors: Amiot Claire , Crawley-Boevey William , Iyama Osamu , Schröer Jan
Published: October 2023

This workshop was about the representation theory of quivers and finite-dimensional (associative) algebras, and links to other areas of mathematics, including other areas of representation theory, homological algebra, cluster algebras, algebraic geometry and singularity theory. Particularly active topics included

\tau

-tilting theory, algebras arising from surface triangulations and the study of exact categories and their generalizations.
Damping Magnetorheological Systems Based on Optimal Neural Networks
Preview Control Integrated with New Hybrid Fuzzy Controller to Improve Ride
Comfort
Authors: Shehata Gad Ahmed , Darakhshan Jabeen Syeda , Galal Ata Wael
Published: October 2023

Adaptive neural networks (ANNs) have become famous for modeling and controlling
dynamic systems. However, because of their failure to precisely reflect the
intricate dynamics of the system, these have limited use in practical
applications and perform poorly during training and testing. This research
explores novel approaches to this issue, including modifying the simple neuron
unit and developing a generalized neuron (GN). The revised version of the neuron
unit helps to develop the system controller, which is responsible for providing
the desired control signal based on the inputs received from the dynamic
responses of the vehicle suspension system. The controller is then tested and
evaluated based on the performance of the magnetorheological (MR) damper for the
main suspension system. These results of the tests show that the optimal preview
controller designed using the GN both ∑-Π-ANN and Π-∑-ANN can accurately capture
the complex dynamics of the MR damper and improve their damping characteristics
compared with other methods. The seat and main suspension systems work together
to provide more support and comfort for the driver and passengers. The short
stroke of the MR damper is used in seat suspension as it allows for more precise
control over the suspension and can provide a smoother ride. The new hybrid
fuzzy type-2 (T-2) control is designed to accurately estimate the desired
damping force for the seat MR damper. This system also allows for the damping
force to be adjusted to meet the desired requirements of the seat MR damper.
This integration of damping systems allows better control and stability of the
vehicle and provides a smoother ride for drivers and passengers. Furthermore,
integrating the damping systems increases the overall performance of the
vehicle, making it better able to handle various road conditions.
Climate change and loss and damage in Bangladesh*
Authors: Barmaz Laurène , Makuch Karen , Aczel Miriam , Huq Saleemul
Published: October 2023

Climate change increasingly affects social, economic and ecological systems, particularly in the most vulnerable regions of the world. The most frequently promoted strategies for handling impacts are mitigation and adaptation. Despite employing these two approaches, ‘loss and damage’ (L&D) may still occur. Thus, a third strategic approach may be needed to help vulnerable communities deal with damage associated with climate impacts, which can take many forms including economic and non-economic loss. How to assess and manage L&D remains subject to contentious debate within climate change negotiations. There is still no clear and commonly accepted understanding of L&D consolidated in law or policy at the international level. In this article, it is confirmed that conflicting or unclear framing of L&D is one of the main explanations for the slow progress in accepting L&D as an important third approach – in addition to mitigation and adaptation – needed to measure and manage global impacts of climate change. This article analyses how L&D is currently framed in policy and institutional terms and identifies the main challenges to addressing it at the national and international levels. Better to understand the challenges of incorporating L&D into climate change strategies, the case of Bangladesh is examined.
A beacon of hope for a troubled Earth? A critical analysis of China’s authoritarian approach to constructing ‘ecological civilization’
Authors: Wang Evelyn Li
Published: October 2023

The urgency of the ecological situation in the age of the Anthropocene has led to a call for concerted efforts across the globe. Disappointed at the liberal democracies’ environmental inaction, as evidenced in the political gridlock after attempts to compromise capitalists’ interests in overexploiting natural resources, or to limit individual freedom in engaging unsustainable behaviour, environmentalists are turning to more decisive state actions in combating environmental problems. In this field, arguably, China’s authoritarian approach to constructing ecological civilization is viewed as a beacon of hope by some environmental commentators. This article, after exploring the concepts of environmental authoritarianism and ecological civilization, demonstrates how the state-driven top-down construction of ecological civilization, exemplified by campaign-style enforcement and coercive enforcement, does not only fail to resolve ‘the tragedy of the commons’, but also results in ‘the tragedy of the ordinaries’. It further discusses implications for China’s construction of ecological civilization beyond the borders of China. The conclusion is reached that caution is demanded when using such a state-led authoritarian approach to addressing environmental problems on this troubled earth.
Pharmaceutical corporate power, traditional medical knowledge, and intellectual property governance in China
Authors: Xia Nan
Published: October 2023

In China, recent years have witnessed significant growth in the pharmaceutical industry and an acceleration in pharmaceutical innovation. As a knowledge-intensive sector, the growth of the pharmaceutical industry in China marks an increasing need for protecting the enormous amounts of money invested in research and development. Arguably, the most efficient way for industry actors to recover their investments is through granting a limited duration of exclusive IP rights for the use and production of their products. Against this backdrop, over the past decades, China has adopted a series of IP-related laws and regulatory policies in China. On this basis, corporate demands and legislative efforts in China have led us to believe that a sound IP system that is compatible with China’s development needs would necessarily help stimulate investment, facilitate technology transfer, and more importantly, allocate the rights and benefits over knowledge and resources among various stakeholders. This is because, at first sight, the IP rights approach contains an obvious solution to the problem of misappropriation or free riding by addressing the problem of non-excludability of traditional medical knowledge (TMK) and associated genetic resources. However, the real picture couldn’t be more complex and different. The analysis of this article finds that China’s existing IP systems supply a conducive context for pharmaceutical corporations to exploit the system’s full strategic potential in plundering TMK and associated genetic resources. This situation has placed local communities and other TMK holders in China at a disadvantage.
On Symmetry in Physical Phenomena, Symmetry of an Electric Field and a Magnetic Field
Authors: Curie Pierre , Ziółkowski Andrzej
Published: October 2023

In the work, the classical concept of symmetry limited to geometric objects (figures, solids), which originated from ancient Greece, has been extended to allow for symmetry studies in other types of objects. By introducing concepts of limit point groups and kinematic elements, which characterize a studied object, it was determined what types of symmetries an electric field and a magnetic field exhibit. It was established that, in order for a phenomenon to occur, a characteristic symmetry of a medium must be consistent with the characteristic symmetry of the phenomenon occurring in it. It was also determined that elements of symmetry of causes must be reflected in the symmetry of the induced effects.
Why Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) Is Still Interesting? Nicolaus Copernicus’s 550th Birth Anniversary and 150th Anniversary of the Opening Meeting of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków
Authors: Kokowski Michał
Published: October 2023

The article is an extension of the plenary lecture delivered on February 16, 2023 in the Hall of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences on the occasion of Nicolaus Copernicus’s 550th birth anniversary and the 150th anniversary of the first public meeting of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow.
An answer to the key question: “Why are we still interested in Nicolaus Copernicus?” is formulated. It concerns the multidimensional space of issues, including: man, society, culture (science, theology and religion, fine arts), ideas, concepts, time – space. And all of the above is discussed in changing historical contexts.
This subject is approached from the perspective of the methodology of historical sciences and the history of science, history, history and philosophy of science, history of ideas, scientific cosmology and general cultural cosmology, history of art and culture, history of theology and religion, history of memory, political and geopolitical history, sociology and cultural studies: the cultural role of great heroes / geniuses and collective work in culture, as well as the role of occasional celebrations and the figure of Copernicus as an “advertising brand”.
The Connections Between the Lvov-Warsaw School and the University in Poznań
Authors: Murawski Roman
Published: October 2023

The Lvov-Warsaw School in Philosophy – as the very name suggests – was connected mainly with two academic centers: universities in Lvov and Warsaw. However, it had a broader impact. The members of this school were active also at other universities, in particular in Cracow, Vilnius and Poznań. The aim of the paper is to present and analyze the connections of Lvov-Warsaw School with the university in Poznań.
Mikhail Ziegler, the First Professor of Metallurgy at Warsaw Polytechnic, and His Contribution for Developing our Knowledge about Steels
Authors: Zhurylo Dmytro , Levchenko Volodymyr
Published: October 2023

The article presents results of research on the origin and development of scientific schools in the field of metallurgy in Eastern Europe at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, associated with the scientific and pedagogical activities of the famous scientist Professor Mikhail Karlovich Ziegler in the higher technical educational institutions of Warsaw (Warsaw Polytechnic Institute of Emperor Nicholas II), Kharkiv (Kharkov Technological Institute of Emperor Alexander III), St. Petersburg (Petrograd Polytechnic Institute) and Moscow (Moscow Mining Academy).
The main facts of the biography of this scientist and educator are given. The stages of formation of M.K. Ziegler as a personality and a scientist against the backdrop of occurring historical processes are shown. The Soviet period of his activity was considered separately.
The scientific achievements of Professor Ziegler in the field of steel metallurgy, in particular, in determining the strength of steels depending on the conditions of their crystallization, studying the diffusion of impurities in steels, which became the foundation for the development of continuous casting technology, i.e.one of the most important world inventions of the 20th century, are systematized and analyzed.
His organizational and educating contribution for the training of scientific and engineering personnel for the metallurgical industry is also estimated.
The article includes interesting forgotten and little-known facts from the history of metallurgical science and the training of the higher engineering and technical personnel in educational institutions located on the territory of modern Ukraine and Poland.
The Portraits of Foreign Institutions Supporting Scientific and Cultural Activity on the Pages of a Yearbook “Science and Letters in Poland” and National Culture Fund
Authors: Hübner Mateusz
Published: October 2023

In 1928, the National Culture Fund was established in Poland. It was a public institution, established at the instigation of the respected educational and scientific activist Stanisław Michalski, and supported by Józef Piłsudski and the President of the Republic of Poland, Ignacy Mościcki.
The article presents specific portraits: the analyses of foreign institutions, supporting scientific and cultural creativity, which were published in the yearbook “Nauka Polska”. The article shows the similarities and differences between the Polish Fund and the foreign institutions in terms of organisation and practice.