bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O NOMINALISMO DE ROSCELINO DE COMPIÈGNE: os universais como “flatus vocis”
Authors: Cruz Marcilio Bezerra , Silva Claubervan Lincow
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho consiste em analisar sistematicamente o nominalismo de Roscelino de Compiègne e suas principais objeções ao problema dos universais que fora profundamente discutido ao decorrer de toda a trajetória da historia da filosofia, mas que ganhou um destaque sui generis na Idade Média. Buscaremos, a partir de uma apresentação mais ampla sobre o tema, destacar as concepções do supracitado filósofo frente às demais correntes vigentes em sua época, sublinhando e comentando também as prevalecentes críticas efetuadas por seus principais opositores, a saber, Santo Anselmo e Pedro Abelardo.Abstract: This present article seeks, firstly, to systematically analyze the traditional solutions to the problem of the Universals that were formulated since the Antiquity to the first centuries of the Middle Ages, which would be known by the names "exaggerated realism", in its platonic side, and "moderated realism", in its Aristotelian side. Within this general view we'll focus on the work of Roscelino de Compiégne, a philosopher ahead of the contemporary currents of his time, by stressing and also commenting on the prevailing criticisms made by his main opponents, namely, St. Anselm and Peter Abelard. Keywords: Roscelino de Compiégne. Problem of the Universals. Nominalism.
Ensino de Filosofia no Ensino Médio: Uma análise do livro INICIAÇÃO À FILOSOFIA de Marilena Chauí
Authors: Silveira Thiago Coelho
Published: April 2021

Este artigo analisa o livro didático “Iniciação à Filosofia” de Marilena Chauí como ferramenta para o ensino de filosofia no Ensino Médio. No Brasil da última década vê-se a reinserção da filosofia como disciplina obrigatória no Ensino Médio, o que provoca a problematização sobre o que ensinar e como ensinar esta disciplina para adolescentes nessa fase de formação. Assim, autores como Marilena Chauí propuseram livros didáticos a serem adotados pelas escolas, a fim de fornecer um subsídio para a atuação do professor e um direcionamento para as abordagens a serem adotadas em sala de aula de modo que se produzisse uma aprendizagem significativa. Escolheu-se o livro da autora não só pela sua reconhecida trajetória acadêmica, mas também pelo fato do livro da autora ser adotado por muitas escolas em todo o país. Trata-se de um estudo de cunho bibliográfico realizado em duas etapas: primeiro, buscou-se selecionar textos e autores que discutissem o ensino de filosofia e o livro didático para poder contextualizar o material analisado; segundo, aprofundou-se uma análise sobre o livro didático em si questionando se ele contribui ou não para que se atinja os objetivos propostos para o ensino de filosofia no Ensino Médio. Nesse sentido, concluiu-se que o livro “Iniciação à Filosofia” constitui-se enquanto ferramenta apropriada para o ensino de filosofia, contribuindo não apenas para a formação do aluno, mas também para a atuação do professor.Abstract: This paper analyzes the textbook “Introduction to Philosophy” by Marilena Chauí as a tool for teaching philosophy in High School. Brazil, on last decade, is experiencing a period of rehabilitation philosophy in High School, which causes the questioning about what to teach and how to teach this course for teenagers in this phase of training. Thus, several authors have proposed, as Marilena Chauí did, textbooks to be adopted by schools in order to provide a subsidy for the teacher performance and guidance to the approaches to be adopted in the classroom so that they produce a learning significant. Picked up the book of Marilena Chauí not only recognized for their academic career, but also because she is the author of the book adopted in many different schools over the country. This is a study of bibliographic nature carried out in two stages: first, we tried to select texts and authors who discuss the teaching of philosophy and the textbook in order to contextualize the material analyzed; second, deepened an analysis of the textbook itself questioning whether or not it contributes to the achievement of the proposed goals for the teaching of philosophy in secondary education. Accordingly, it was concluded that the book “Introduction to Philosophy” constitutes as appropriate tool for teaching philosophy, contributing not only to the student's education, but also to teacher performance. Keywords: Philosophy. Teaching. Textbook.
ZILLES, Urbano. O racional e o místico em Wittgenstein. 2ºed. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, 1994, p.96.
Authors: Rocha Raíssa Marcelli
Published: April 2021

A obra "O racional e o místico em Wittgenstein" é uma das obras do professor Urbano Zilles, da PUC-RS, que tem a finalidade de mostrar um panorama da filosofia de Ludwig Wittgenstein com leitura e análise de suas principais obras: Tractatus Lógicus-philosophicus e Investigações Filosóficas.
UM ESTUDO SOBRE A RELAÇÃO DO RETORNO DA FILOSOFIA AO ENSINO MÉDIO COM A PROCURA PELO CURSO DE FILOSOFIA DA UVA
Authors: Almeida Delano Carneiro de , Nicolau Marcos Fábio Alexandre
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho resulta de um estudo da reentrada do ensino de filosofia no currículo do ensino médio e sua repercussão no curso de graduação em filosofia ofertado na Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, cujo objetivo foi o de provocar uma reflexão sobre o ensino de filosofia na educação básica de nível médio e a intensidade desse impacto com o retorno da disciplina. Assim, analisamos se esse impacto fora de forma positiva ou negativa para o curso de Filosofia da UVA. Nosso trabalho enfocou aqui, pesquisas e gráficos elaborados através da coleta de dados oficiais em alguns setores administrativos da Universidade, onde tiramos a conclusão dessa análise.   Palavras-chave: Ensino. Filosofia. Análise. Ensino Médio. Ensino Superior.
GADAMER E HABERMAS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES HERMENÊUTICO-FILOSÓFICAS PARA O DEBATE SOBRE MULTICULTURALISMO NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: RODRIGUES DE BRITO JOSÉ WILSON
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tenciona promover um debate entre Gadamer e Habermas, respectivamente partindo das obras La herencia de Europa e A inclusão do outro: estudos de teoria política, no que tange ao problema do multiculturalismo nas sociedades democráticas contemporâneas, uma vez que a partir da globalização econômica e homogeneização cultural surgem graves riscos de autoalienação por parte de certas comunidades e o desrespeito para com as diferenças culturais das minorias inatas.  Os pensadores aqui estudados têm como proposta uma racionalidade alternativa voltada ao diálogo solidário, bem como ao respeito intersubjetivo que deve ser constantemente motivado a partir da formação educacional dos sujeitos pertencentes às mais diferentes culturas e nacionalidades.
Elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Oman: a success story from the Middle East
Authors: Elgalib Ali , Al-Hinai Fatma , Al-Abri Jamila , Shah Samir , Al-Habsi Zeyana , Al-Fouri Maha , Lau Richard , Al-Kindi Hanan , Al-Wahaibi Adil , Al-Maani Amal , Al-Rawahi Bader , Al-Lamki Said , Al-Abri Seif
Published: April 2021

Background: In January 2016, the National AIDS Programme (NAP) in Oman introduced a package of interventions, including capacity building for service providers, to improve the quality of HIV services. Aims: To report the impact of these interventions on the rate of vertical HIV transmission in the period from January 2016 to December 2019. We also describe the virological and obstetric outcomes for HIV-infected pregnant women. Methods: This was a medical record review of 94 HIV-positive pregnant women (median age 32 years; interquartile range 25-34 years) reported to NAP in 2016–2019. Results: There were 110 pregnancies in 94 women. The majority (75.3%, 61/81) of women were diagnosed with HIV infection from routine antenatal screening, with 60% (66/110) of pregnancies occurring in women who knew their HIV status at conception. Caesarean section was the most common (50%) mode of delivery. The preterm labour and low birth weight rates were 21.2% and 15.9%, respectively. The antiretroviral coverage during pregnancy was 95.5%, with most (87.8%) women reporting excellent or good adherence. The majority (81.6%) of women achieved HIV viral load of < 400 copies/ml at or near delivery. Almost all infants (99%) were given prophylactic antiretrovirals. The rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV was 1%. Conclusion: The obstetric and virological outcomes for HIV-infected pregnant women delivered in 2016–2019 were favourable, with a low rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Oman is now in the process of finalizing application of World Health Organization validation of elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
AGE VARIATIONS AND SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN ADIPOSITY AND BODY COMPOSITION AMONG TRIBAL ADOLESCENTS OF KHARAGPUR, WEST BENGAL, INDIA
Authors: MANDAL Gopal Chandra , BISWAS Saheli , ROY Pijush Kanti , BOSE Kaushik
Published: April 2021

Objectives. Although tribals constitute around 8.6% of the total population of India, detailed information on their body composition is scanty. Thus, our objective was to evaluate age variations and sexual dimorphism in adiposity and body composition among rural tribal adolescents of Kharagpur, West Bengal, India. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 788 tribal adolescent boys and girls, aged 10-17 years of Kharagpur, West Midnapore, West Bengal, India. Height (kg), weight (cm) and skinfolds were measured following standard method. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was derived. Body composition measures including Percent Body Fat (PBF), Fat Mass (FM), Fat Free Mass (FFM), Fat Mass Index (FMI) and Fat Free mass Index (FFMI) were computed using standard equations. Results. All the variables showed a significant age trend in both sexes. Age-combined significant sex differences existed in mean BMI and all body composition measures. Girls had significantly higher mean values of fat measures (PBF, FM and FMI) whereas boys had significantly higher mean values of non-fat measures (FFM and FFMI). In both sexes, age had significant correlations with BMI and the five body composition measures. Similarly, all body composition indicators were significantly correlated with BMI in both sexes. Conclusions. There were significant age and sex variations in body composition measures. Girls had significantly more fat mass whereas boys had more lean body mass. All body composition measures increased significantly with increasing age as well as BMI. Attainment of puberty could be a mediating factor causing these age variations and sexual dimorphism. Keywords: India, tribal adolescents, age variations, sexual dimorphism, body composition.
BODY IMAGE AVOIDANCE QUESTIONNAIRE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS: A STUDY OF A GROUP OF MOROCCAN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: ZAKARIA Raja , AMOR Hakima , BAALI Abdellatif , ELKHOUDRI Noureddine
Published: April 2021

Objectives. The aim of this study is to assess physical appearance behavior avoidance among a group of Moroccan adolescents and to identify the associated factors. Material and methods. The data were gathered from a cross-sectional study conducted on 487 adolescents (223 boys and 264 girls), with the average age of 14.6 years. Gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and satisfaction of their body weight and height were considered in this study. Body satisfaction was evaluated by two questions: "Are you satisfied with your body weight?" and "are you satisfied with your body height?". The Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire (BIAQ) test was used to assess the adopted behaviors. Results. The average score on the BIAQ test was 24.4. According to the different factors of the BIAQ test, the factors "clothing", "grooming and weighing", and "eating restraint", were more noticed among adolescents. The results showed that behavioral avoidance was associated with gender, age, BMI, and body dissatisfaction. It was females, the youngest group of adolescents, overweight, and those dissatisfied with their body weight or height who had the highest scores. This reflects the fact that adolescents resort to physical appearance behavior avoidance or control including practices such as dressing, grooming, and weighing. Conclusions. It is recommended by health professionals to enhance awareness among adolescents about the risks of adopting such behaviors on their physical and mental health, to correct the narrow and unrealistic standards of physical appearance, and to encourage healthy behaviors. Keywords: body image, behavior avoidance, adolescents, Marrakesh, Morocco.
Enfoque y manejo clínico de pacientes con enfermedad por SARS COV2 (Covid -19) en unidad de cuidado intensivo
Authors: Rojas Gambasica José Antonio , Urriago Juan David , Montaño Villalobos Yuliet Catherin , Moreno Araque Lorena , Ahumada Bayuelo Eleine , Chavarro Falla Gonzalo Andrés , Romo Escorcia Fabio , Ávila Arenas Nancy Carolina , Jaller Bornacelli Yamil Elias , Álvarez Carlos Arturo
Published: April 2021

Esta es una revisión temática sobre aspectos relacionados con enfermedad por SARS COV2 (COVID-19) y la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Se establecen algunos lineamientos para tener en cuenta ante la eventual necesidad de hospitalizar en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos a pacientes con COVID-19 críticamente enfermos, con intervención de la vía aérea, el uso de la ventilación mecánica y todas las condiciones tanto de seguridad, como clínicas y epidemiológicas que se generan en estas circunstancias.

En Colombia aparece el primer caso de COVID-19 el 6 de marzo de 2020, como caso importado de una joven proveniente de Milán (Italia); a partir de ahí, cada día ha habido reporte de casos, todos con índice epidemiológico y noción de contagio de un paciente o persona infectada fuera del país, siendo para el 15 de marzo en horas de la mañana 34 casos, y crecimiento muy rápido. Para el 17 de marzo, dos días después, son 64 casos según boletín del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social del país. Se considera que estamos en la fase de contención para pronto pasar a la mitigación con circulación interna del virus.
Testing adaptive market hypothesis in global islamic stock markets: evidence from markov-switching adf test
Authors: BUĞAN Mehmet Fatih , ÇEVİK Emrah İsmail , KIRCI ÇEVİK Nüket , YILDIRIM Durmuş Çağrı
Published: April 2021

Although market efficiency has been extensively examined in the literature, the studies generally focus on conventional stock markets. Since market efficiency is related to a well-functioning market, it is of great importance for the efficient allocation of resources and also providing sustainable economic growth. Market efficiency is not only important for conventional stock markets but also for the Islamic stock market as the Islamic stock markets are gaining prominence. An increase in the scope of Islamic markets worldwide creates the motivation for investigating the efficiency of Islamic stock markets. Hence there is a growing interest in Islamic stock markets. With a limited number of studies that analyze the efficient market hypothesis in Islamic stock markets, this paper aims to examine market efficiency in the global Islamic stock markets via Markov-Switching Augmented Dickey-Fuller (MS-ADF) test. The linear unit root test result shows that the global Islamic stock market indices exhibit random walk properties that are consistent with the Efficient Market Hypothesis. On the other hand, nonlinear test results suggest global Islamic stock markets exhibit two-state regime-switching characteristics. The MS-ADF test results indicate that the world and developed Islamic stock markets are stationary only in the high volatility regime and this finding supports the Adaptive Market Hypothesis. However, the emerging Islamic stock market is found to be stationary in both regimes that are contradictory for weak-form efficiency.
A Pilot-study of the use of Nutrition-related Apps and Software in Africa during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tchuenchieu Alex , Kesa Hema , Koufie Gifty , Onyenweaku Eridiong O.
Published: April 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the associated lockdown measures have risen the malnutrition problem in the world, especially in Africa. The use of nutrition apps/software at individual level therefore appears as suitable solution given the context. This study aimed at assessing the actual usage level of nutrition apps/software and the determining factors. A cross-sectional study consisting of an online-survey conducted from April to May 2020 with as target Africans aged of 18 and above was carried out. A total of 460 respondents from different African countries was registered. Globally they appeared to have started using computer and smartphones since at least 5 years and this mostly at a daily frequency together with internet. A total of 52.2 % of the respondents recognized not to apply or not to know if they apply the principles of a balanced diet in their day-to-day life, but just 18% reported to be using a nutrition apps/software; COVID-19 pandemic having pushed 7% to refer more to these tools and 0.7% to start using one. South Africa nationals, people living in a household of 3-5 people and those having a monthly income above 500 USD tended to use them more. Almost half of the users report that these tools do not take into consideration foods available in their context. On the other hand, almost half of the non-users (41.5% of respondents) said they would prefer to be advised by a dietician. However up to 50.9% clearly stated they are interested in learning more about these tools, which is of quite of big interest in preventing Non-communicable diseases resurgence in relation to COVID-19 pandemic. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-03-SI-3 Full Text: PDF
Rehabilitation Outcomes and Infection Control in the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Igawa Yukimasa , Sugimoto Takahiro
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Understanding how infection control measures were devised and the outcomes of rehabilitation in the early stage of an emerging infectious disease pandemic is important. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on inpatient rehabilitation, and to determine the effectiveness of the original infection control measures implemented for the rehabilitation team. Material and Methods: In this single-center, retrospective, observational study, we calculated multiple rehabilitation indices of patients discharged from our rehabilitation ward between February 28 and May 25, 2020 when Hokkaido was initially affected by COVID-19, and compared them with those calculated during the same period in 2019. Fisher’s exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. We also verified the impact of implementing the original infection control measures for the rehabilitation team on preventing nosocomial infections. Results: A total of 93 patients (47 of 2020 group, 46 of 2019 group) were included. The median age was 87 and 88 years, respectively, with no differences in age, sex, and main disease between the groups. Training time per day in the ward in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2019 (p = 0.013). No significant differences were found in the qualitative evaluation indices of Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score at admission, FIM gain, length of ward stay, FIM efficiency, and rate of discharge to home. None of the patients or staff members had confirmed COVID-19 during the study period. Conclusions: Early COVID-19 pandemic affected the quantitative index for inpatient rehabilitation but not the qualitative indices. No symptomatic nosocomial COVID-19 infections were observed with our infection control measures. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-03-SI-6 Full Text: PDF
Development of Strategic Plans Based on The Analytic Hierarchy Process: The Sample of The Faculty of Architecture of KTU, Trabzon
Authors: YAŞAR Yalçın , MACKA KALFA Sibel , PİRSELİMOĞLU BATMAN Zeynep , SÜMER HAYDARASLAN Kübra
Published: April 2021

In this study, it is aimed to determine the strategies that Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Architecture should follow within the scope of education, training, institutional structure, academic staff and physical - technical infrastructure main factors. In the study, strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of KTU / Faculty of Architecture were determined by SWOT analysis. The TOWS matrix was created using the data obtained by SWOT analysis. The eighteen-person sample group of Faculty Members of Architecture was determined in order to select the strategies determined through this matrix. This group was asked to answer a questionnaire that allows them to quantitatively compare the main factors of education, institutional structure, academic staff and physical - technical infrastructure, and the sub-factors that make up these factors, according to their degree of importance. The questionnaires answered by faculty members / staff were evaluated using the Fuzzy Set technique linked to the Analytical Hierarchy Process. As a result of the study, the planned development strategy of the education program is determined as the most suitable strategy according to the importance level of 0,297, increasing the national and international research and projects is the second priority, the expansion of the academic staff is the third, and the elimination of all the deficiencies in the physical environment is the fourth priority. Thanks to the strategies and significance levels determined at the end of the study, the steps to be taken for the future have been identified. Strategic planning has a crucial role to be able to walk with more confident steps to the future and to ensure that the institution improves according to its mission and vision. We realized a pilot study that demonstrates the importance of strategic planning. It is crucial that such strategic planning studies are carried out in all the architectural faculties in Turkey, and the differences among universities are identified and analysed. Thus, the differences among the institutions providing the same education can be determined to eliminate the deficiencies and the imbalances among the institutions can be removed.
The Age of Toxicity: The Influence of Gender Roles and Toxic Masculinity in Harmful Heterosexual Relationship Behaviours
Authors: Gray Hazel
Published: April 2021

Although heterosexual relationships have been evolving since the dawn of humanity, there continues to be a considerable amount of inequality, toxicity, and dissatisfaction within heterosexual couplings. This paper explores the ways in which socially prescribed gender roles and toxic masculinity contribute to behaviours which lead to toxicity and unhappiness in heterosexual relationships. The behaviours that this paper will discuss include coercive control as well as physical and sexual violence, all of which are behaviours that according to current literature, are shockingly common in heterosexual relationships. Moreover, the present paper will investigate previous literature in order to explore these concepts in depth through theoretical concepts as well as previous qualitative and quantitative studies done on heterosexual relationship satisfaction. This particular research paper aims to identify and define the concepts of socially prescribed gender roles and toxic masculinity, before applying these concepts to the previously mentioned relationship behaviours in order to determine just how these social concepts contribute to or cause these behaviours in heterosexual couplings.
Who Falls in Love First? The Role Gender Plays in Love Expression
Authors: Odegard Abigail
Published: April 2021

Love is a universal feeling. It is present in every language and every culture. There is variability that exists between cultures, but the essence of love is the same. It is influential, it is impactful, it is a feeling that is sought after and being in love is considered one of the greatest successes. The expression of love has the ability to vary greatly. The extent of how love is expressed and how often or how much love is expressed varies from culture to culture. But the question of whether or not it varies between genders is still a point of interest to researchers. The timeline of people falling in love is a topic of discussion and who in a relationship will say the three magical words first is something to examine. Asking the question of who falls and says “I love you” first, men or women, will help explore romantic relationships.
The multifunctional therapeutic potentiality of extra virgin olive oil administration through the intervention in pathophysiological mechanisms: Focus on Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Tzekaki E  , Prodromou S  , Tsolaki M  , Pantazaki Α A
Published: April 2021

Proper dietary habits pave the way for a good and healthy life in order to maintain and prolong the quality of life. It is well known that quality of life in the elderly can be achieved by non-pharmacological approaches such as performing physical activity, cognitive training, or adhering to a Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet). The MedDiet is suggested as the prevalent dietary regimen and is strongly correlated with prevention of degenerative diseases and longevity. The most distinguished and beneficial ingredient of MedDiet is extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). Indeed, numerous epidemiological studies have proved that the consumption of olive oil was associated with better overall health. The foremost component of EVOO is polyphenolic compounds which are under investigation for its biological and pharma-nutritional properties. In this review we recorded several representative in vitro and in vivo studies performed in culture cell lines, in animal or clinical trials, indicating that the regular intake of EVOO is associated with enhanced neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties. Furthermore, it is emerged the demand of more randomized controlled or longitudinal observational studies to be performed to confirm the efficacy of the beneficial health effect of EVOO.
Infectious morbidity and mortality in the infectious diseases department of the CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo in Burkina Faso in 2019
Authors: Mamoudou Savadogo  , Ismaël Diallo  , K Apoline Sondo
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Infectious diseases remain a major public health problem in developing countries. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological and clinical profile of infectious pathology in the infectious diseases department of CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo in Ouagadougou. Patients and method: This was a cross-sectional and retrospective study that took place in the infectious diseases department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. Were included all patients hospitalized in the said service during the study period. For each patient retained sociodemographic, clinical and diagnostic data were collected. Results: In one year, 159 patients had been hospitalized in the infectious diseases department of the YO UHC. The mean age of the patients was 42±9 years with extremes of 15 and 80 years. The female sex was the most represented (55.5%) with a sex ratio of 0.8. The majority of patients (64%) came from the province of Kadiogo. The most frequently diagnosed infectious diseases were HIV infection (24%), pulmonary infections (21.8%), malaria (14%), dengue fever (9%), urinary tract infections (7.5%), meningitis (3.8%), typhoid fever (3%), rabies (3%), chicken pox (3%), tetanus (3.8%), toxoplasmosis (3.8%), and cutaneous leishmaniosis (3%). The signs of severity presented by our patients were dominated by dyspnea, severe anemia, and severe dehydration. The delay of consultation was 13.5 days and the average duration of hospitalization was 9.8 days, with a hospital mortality of 24%. Conclusion: HIV infection, malaria and pulmonary infections were the most frequent reasons for hospitalization. It is therefore important to strengthen the technical facilities of hospitals for early diagnosis and appropriate management of infectious pathology
Kinetika Pengeringan Cabai dengan Perlakuan Blansing Suhu Rendah-Waktu Lama
Authors: Irfan Andi Muhammad , Lestari Nunik , Arimansyah Arimansyah , Rasyid A Ramli
Published: April 2021

This study was aimed to determine the drying kinetics of chilies that have been pretreated with low temperature long time (LTLT) blanching. Drying chilies with LTLT blanching pretreatment at 60, 70, and 80 oC for 20 minutes was assigned as treatment in this research. Drying chillies with high temperature short time (HTST) blanching pretreatment, without blanching pretreatment in the dryer, and without blanching pretreatment in direct sunlight were also studied as the comparison. The results showed that chilies treated with blanching pretreatment, both LTLT and HTST, have a faster drying rate and achieve the target moisture content faster than chilies that were not blanched. The color of dried chilies that were dried in a dryer was also better than dried chilies that were dried in the sun. Of all the blanching treatments, chilies with LTLT blanching pretreatment at 80 oC for 20 minutes had the fastest drying rate, a drying time of 34 hours, and the attractive dried chilli color. The evaluation results also showed that the Page model was the most suitable model to describe the drying characteristics of chilies with LTLT pretreatment blanching, with R2 ranging from 0.9913-0.9935, X2 ranging from 0.0005-0.0009, and RSME ranging from 0.0221-0.0293.

Keywords: Chili; blanching; color; drying; mathematical model

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinetika pengeringan cabai yang diberi perlakuan awal low temperature long time (LTLT) blanching atau blansing pada suhu rendah dalam waktu yang relatif lama. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini yaitu pengeringan cabai dengan blansing metode LTLT pada suhu 60o, 70o, dan 80oC selama 20 menit. Sebagai pembanding, dilakukan juga pengeringan dengan perlakuan awal metode high temperature short time (HTST) blanching, pengeringan cabai tanpa perlakuan awal blansing di dalam alat pengering, serta pengeringan cabai tanpa perlakuan awal blansing di bawah sinar matahari secara langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cabai dengan perlakuan awal blansing, baik blansing metode LTLT maupun HTST, memiliki laju pengeringan yang lebih tinggi sehingga lebih cepat mencapai kadar air target dibandingkan dengan cabai tanpa perlakuan blansing. Warna cabai kering yang dihasilkan pada alat pengering juga lebih baik dari cabai kering yang dikeringkan langsung di bawah sinar matahari. Dari seluruh perlakuan yang melibatkan proses blansing, cabai dengan blansing metode LTLT pada suhu 80oC selama 20 menit merupakan perlakuan dengan laju pengeringan tercepat, dengan waktu pengeringan selama 34 jam, dan warna produk cabai kering yang menarik. Hasil evaluasi juga menunjukkan bahwa model Page adalah model yang paling sesuai untuk menggambarkan karakteristik pengeringan cabai dengan perlakuan awal blansing metode LTLT, dengan R2 berkisar antara 0.9913-0.9935, X2 berkisar antara 0.0005-0.0009, dan RSME berkisar antara 0.0221-0.0293.

Kata kunci: Blansing; cabai; model matematika; pengeringan; warna
Karakteristik Penyedap Rasa Alami dari Biji Bunga Matahari dan Kupang Putih dengan Hidrolisis Enzimatis
Authors: Wicaksono Luqman A , Winarti Sri
Published: April 2021

Research has been carried out on the production of natural flavorings from sunflower seeds and white shells by an enzymatic process using endo- and exo-protease enzymes from papaya sap (papain) and biduri plant sap (calotropin). The study aimed to determine the effect of the concentration of the mixture of endo- and exo-protease enzymes and the incubation time on the characteristics and profiles of amino acids of natural flavoring from sunflower and white shells. A completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of 2 factors, the enzyme concentration (0; 1.5; 3.0 and 4.5%) and the hydrolysis time (1, 2 and 3 hours)was applied in this research. The obtained data were subjected to analysis of variance. The Duncan multiple range test was used to see whether there were any significant differences between treatments. The results showed that the concentration of the mixture of endo- and exo-protease enzymes and incubation time significantly affected the degree of hydrolysis, dissolved protein, water content, Maillard product, water solubility index, oil absorption and yield. The best treatment in this study was the enzyme concentration of calotropin:papain 3% and 2 hours of incubation, resulting in flavoring with the characteristics: degree of hydrolysis of 96.81%; dissolved protein of 52.86%; Maillard products of  0.162%; water solubility index of 0.036; oil absorption of 1.88%; and the glutamic acid content of 78.678 mg/g.

Keywords: Calotropin; flavorings; papain; sunflower seed; white shells

 

ABSTRAK

Telah dilakukan penelitian pembuatan penyedap rasa alami dari bahan baku biji bunga matahari dan kupang putih secara enzimatis menggunakan endo- dan ekso-enzim protease dari getah papaya (papain) dan getah tanaman biduri (calotropin). Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi campuran endo- dan ekso-enzim protease, serta lama inkubasi terhadap karakteristik dan profil asam amino penyedap alami dari bunga matahari dan kupang putih. Rancangan penelitian adalah rancangan acak lengkap yang tersusun atas dua faktor, yaitu konsentrasi enzim (0; 1,5; 3,0 dan 4,5%) dan waktu hidrolisis (1, 2 dan 3 jam). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis keragaman, dan uji beda rataan menggunakan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi campuran endo- dan ekso-enzim protease serta lama inkubasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap derajat hidrolisis, kadar protein terlarut, kadar air, produk maillard, indeks kelarutan air, daya serap minyak, dan rendemen penyedap rasa yang dihasilkan. Perlakuan terbaik pada penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi enzim calotropin:papain 3% dan lama inkubasi 2 jam, menghasilkan penyedap rasa dengan karakteristik: derajat hidrolisis 96,81%; kadar protein terlarut 52,86%; produk maillard 0,162%; indeks kelarutan air 0,036; daya serap minyak 1,88% dan kadar asam glutamat mencapai 78,678 mg/g.

Kata kunci: Biji bunga matahari; calotropin; kupang putih; papain; penyedap rasa
SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR MANGROVE FOREST OF PELITA JAYA BAY AND KOTANIA BAY, WESTERN SERAM, INDONESIA
Authors: Tetelepta Johannes M.S. , Loupatty Sven , Wawo Mintje
Published: April 2021

The coastal area of Pelita Jaya Bay and Kotania Bay is a semi enclose estuary area having three typical most productive ecosystems i.e. mangrove, seagrasses, and coral reefs with the mangrove ecosystem being the dominant one making this area a productive in fish resources. Local community neighboring this area used mangrove ecosystem for many different purposes, some of it threatening the sustainability oh the ecosystem. The objective of this study was to analyze mangrove forest sustainability and to propose sustainable mangrove forest management. Rapfish analysis was used to analyze mangrove sustainability status. A sustainable management strategy was developed using a conceptual model framework combined with the DPSIR approach. The two most sensitive attributes affecting mangrove sustainability from Leverage analysis were used as the State component from DPSIR. The result shows that overall mangrove forest sustainability was 60% and was considered fair sustain with the ecological dimension having the highest sustainable scale (85.35%) and considered sustain, whilst institutional dimension having the lowest sustainable scale (29.10%) and considered unsustain. The sustainable mangrove management strategy proposed consists of workshops, training, vocational education concerning EAM, as well as replanting degraded mangrove forests, monitoring, surveying, and controlling. The management strategy should be conducted based on a co-management approach.

 

Keywords:  Mangrove forest, local community, sustainability, conceptual model framework, Kotania Bay
Statistical graphics in Mathematics text books for mexican Primary Education
Authors: Vidal-Henry Stiven R. , Díaz-Levicoy Danilo , Sandoval Catalina Navarro , García-García Jaime I.
Published: April 2021

Os resultados de uma investigação são relatados sobre o tipo de gráfico, nível de leitura, nível de complexidade semiótica e conflito semiótico, identificados nas atividades relacionadas aos gráficos estatísticos nos livros didáticos de matemática da Ensino Fundamental no México. Para isso, realizamos uma análise de conteúdo em duas séries completas de livros (12 textos), o primeiro publicado pelo Ministério da Educação Pública e o segundo por Santillana. Os resultados mostram que os gráficos estatísticos são apresentados a partir da terceira série, com predominância do gráfico de barras, o nível lido nos dados, o nível representação de uma distribuição de dados e o conflito semiótico associado à ausência de títulos geral do gráfico.
Стратегии городского развития в России и мире: сравнительный анализ
Authors: Комаров В. М. , Акимова В. В. , Волошинская А. А.
Published: April 2021

Статья посвящена сравнению отечественных и зарубежных стратегий долгосрочного развития городов при помощи оригинальной авторской методологии. В основе последней, помимо сравнения с идеальным «авторским шаблоном», лежит оценка соответствия современной парадигме стратегического планирования и ценностям постиндустриального общества. Оценка проводилась по двум типам критериев: базовым (наличие минимально необходимых блоков) и прогрессивным (соответствие идеям устойчивого развития, ценностям постиндустриальной эпохи). Было выявлено, что стратегии социально-экономического развития российских и зарубежных городов существенно отличаются. Наибольшее расхождение российских стратегических документов и современных мировых практик было зафиксировано по таким направлениям, как экология, пространственное планирование и транспортное развитие, уникальность целей, а также ясность и простота изложения. В содержательном плане российские стратегические документы существенно отличаются от зарубежных в отношении интеграции и переориентации на цели устойчивого развития, создания комфортной городской среды, проектирования современной транспортной системы, встраивания города в мировую и национальную экономику и т.п.
Resilience and Work-Related Stress May Affect Depressive Symptoms in Nursing Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Hong Youjin , Lee Jukab , Lee Hyuk Joo , Kim Kyumin , Cho Inn-Kyu , Ahn Myung Hee , Shin Yong-Wook , Park Jangho , Chung Seockhoon
Published: April 2021

Objective We aimed to investigate the effect of nursing professionals’ resilience on their mental health, work-related stress, and anxiety in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods We conducted an online survey in the Asan Medical Center and Ulsan University Hospital, South Korea. We extracted data of 824 nursing professionals who consented to participate, including demographic variables and the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9), PHQ-9, GAD-7, and Brief Resilience Scale scores.Results Resilience was negatively correlated with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) (rho=-0.23), Generalized Anxiety Scale-7 items (GAD-7) (rho=-0.25), Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidem-ics-6 items (SAVE-6) (rho=-0.15), and Stress And anxiety to Viral Epidemics-3 items (SAVE-3) (rho=-0.13, all, p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis adjusting age, marital status, and years of employment revealed that high level of general anxiety [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.31–1.50], work-related stress during viral epidemics (aOR=1.16, 95% CI=1.03–1.29), and a low level of resilience (aOR=0.91, 95% CI=0.85–0.97) were expecting variables for the depression of healthcare workers.Conclusion Nursing professionals’ level of resilience may be associated with low level of work-related stress and anxiety induced by a viral epidemic. We need to explore further the possibility of resilience as coping strategy of healthcare workers in this pandemic era.
Эффективность применения различных методик для расчета пластичности и стабильности сортов на примере ярового ячменя
Authors: Николаев Петр Николаевич , Юсова Оксана Александровна , Сафонова И. В. , Аниськов Н. И.
Published: April 2021

Одним из приоритетных направлений, в соответствии со стратегией научно-технологического развития Российской Федерации, является получение экологически устойчивых сортов. Разработано много различных методов оценки экологической пластичности и стабильности, которые отличаются достоверностью и информативностью. Дана сравнительная характеристика показателей пластичности и стабильности, рассчитанных с применением различных методик на примере сортов ячменя. Рассчитаны следующие показатели экологической пластичности: устойчивость к стрессу и компенсаторная способность сорта по A. A. Rossielle, J. Hemblin; коэффициент вариации по Б. А. Доспехову; коэффициент адаптивности по Л. А. Животкову; коэффициент линейной регрессии урожайности сортов по Eberhart и Russell. Показатели экологической стабильности: гомеостатичность и индекс стабильности по В. В. Хангильдину; уровень стабильности по Э. Д. Неттевичу; коэффициент регрессии по Eberhart и Russell. Установлено, что расчет адаптивности сортов одним методом неинформативен, так как полученные данные могут разниться и противоречить друг другу. Применение нескольких методов позволяет получить более объективные результаты. Для того чтобы полученные данные привести к общему знаменателю, целесообразно использовать метод ранжирования. Чем меньше сумма рангов изучаемого сорта, тем большую хозяйственную ценность он имеет. Лучшему значению параметра соответствует 1. Согласно этому методу наиболее стабильны и пластичны сорта, получившие данную оценку по большинству методов оценки.
The effects of respiratory muscle training on aerobic, anaerobic and respiration parameters
Authors:   The Ministry of Education, Kayseri, Turkey, Köroğlu Yaşar
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted to search the effect of respiratory muscle training on aerobic, anaerobic endurance, and respiratory parameters in primary school students. 32 volunteer students, between the ages of 13-14, participated in this study. The volunteers were divided into experimental (n = 15) and control groups (n = 17). The experimental group participated in the football training of the school team three days a week, with two hours of physical education lessons in a week. Also, respiratory muscle training was applied with the Powerbreathe device for 5 weeks, five days a week in the morning and evening. The control group only participated in the football training of the school team three days a week, with two hours of physical education lessons in a week. Physical measurements, pulse, systolic-diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, lung volume and capacity, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, and inspiratory pressure were measured before and after the study. Physical measurements has been determined that there are differences in the values of FAT, BMR, anaerobic power and MaxVO2, respiratory parameters, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). It was observed that Inspiratory pressure measurement values were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). As a result, it can be said that five-week respiratory muscle training positively affects aerobic and anaerobic endurance, respiratory functions, respiratory muscle strength of primary school students compared to students who do regular training.
Explorando el genoma de Anaplasma marginale para el mejoramiento de la salud animal
Authors: Amaro Estrada Itzel , Bustamante García David , Quiroz Castañeda Rosa Estela
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo describir a la bacteria Anaplasma marginale y resaltar cuáles son las repercusiones que se pueden observar en la producción de ganado bovino. Entre las enfermedades que trae como consecuencia se encuentran la anemia y la ictericia, así como la dismininución en la producción de leche, abortos y, en casos extremos, la muerte. Esta enfermedad es transmitida por las garrapatas Rhipicephalus microplus. En México no se cuenta con un método eficaz para eliminar esta bacteria. Es por eso que se busca implementar tecnologías para prevenir su desarrollo y así evitar la pérdida de ganado bovino. En este artículo se explican las principales caracteristicas de esta bacteria, empezando por su diversidad génetica y estudiando su genoma para la elaboración de vacunas hechas de diferentes proteínas, que se adapten para alcanzar el objetivo de erradicar la bacteria.
Baranya megyei német népmesék a nemzetiségi oktatásban
Authors: Márkus Éva
Published: April 2021

A tanulmány bevezetőjében bemutatja a magyarországi németek népmeseköteteit (Korb Angéla, Josef Michaelis, Herger Ede, Elli Zenker-Starzacher), majd behatóbban foglalkozik baranyai német népmesékkel, az Ördögcsúcs (Teufelsgipfel) című mesekötet bemutatásán keresztül. Kiemel egyes népmesei motívumokat, bemutatja többek között a mesék jellemző szereplőit és színtereit. Ezek után a népmesék nemzetiségi oktatásban betöltött szerepét ábrázolja, elemezve azokat a dokumentumokat, amelyek a hazai németség oktatásában-nevelésében szerepet játszanak (Gyökerek és szárnyak, tanmenetek és kerettantervek, 17/2013. EMMI rendelet). Végezetül utal a mesék korszerű, általános iskolai módszertani feldolgozási módjaira.
Design and implementation of a cost effective vacuum cleaner robot
Authors: EREN Anıl , DOĞAN Hatice
Published: April 2021

Robot vacuum cleaners are among the first service robots to enter daily life. However, robot vacuum cleaners are currently inaccessible to many due to their high cost. In order for these robots to become widespread, they must be cheap and functional. In this study, the design and production of a low-cost, high-performance vacuum cleaner robot that can be controlled by smartphones is presented. This autonomous robot moves around the obstacles, vacuums the dust from the floor, performs basic navigation and also it is manually controllable. Designing of a vacuum cleaner robot is divided into three parts which are the mechanical, electrical and software design. In the mechanical design; the robot chassis and cleaning system have been designed and realized. In the electrical design; the electrical components such as batteries, motors, drivers, sensors and microcontroller have been selected and the power system has been designed by considering electrical requirements. In the software design; an easy to use Android application for remote control has been created, autonomous algorithms such as random walk and snake algorithms have been designed. Remote controlling of the robot has been provided by using Bluetooth connection between the Raspberry Pi and Android smartphone.
Assessment of closed wedge osteotomy in the material of the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology in Kalisz as a treatment method for severe and moderate hallux valgus
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Provincial Hospital in Kalisz, Poland, Zagwojski Artur , Urbaniak Ireneusz
Published: April 2021

Hallux valgus constitutes of a progressive adduction of the hallux in the first metatarsal joint, accompanied by progressive varus in the first ray, pronation of the first metatarsal bone and medial displacement of the head of the first metatarsal bone. It may be accompanied by more or less severe degenerative changes in the MTPJ and a deformity in the IP joint. Hallux valgus is a condition encountered daily in orthopedic practice. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus deformities with the use of closed wedge osteotomy at the Trauma and Orthopaedics Department in the period from 2016 to 2020. The research material encompassed 91 feet of 82 patients. The assessment was based on a retrospective analysis of medical documentation and an analysis of radiograms made within the research time frame. The pre- and post-operative assessment was carried out in accordance with the AOFAS MTP-IP score and a radiological scale based on the aforementioned radiograms allowing for the determination of the HVA and IMA angles. Data analysis showed that treatment with the closed wedge osteotomy renders treatment results which can be deemed as good and very good.