bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the linkage between mesopic spatial summation and variations in retinal ganglion cell density across the central visual field
Authors: Hunter Aoife M. L. , Anderson Roger S. , Redmond Tony , Garway‐Heath David F. , Mulholland Pádraig J.
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The relationship between perimetric stimulus area and Ricco's area (RA) determines measured thresholds and the sensitivity of perimetry to retinal disease. The nature of this relationship, in addition to effect of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) number on this, is currently unknown for the adaptation conditions of mesopic microperimetry. In this study, achromatic mesopic spatial summation was measured across the central visual field to estimate RA with the number of RGCs underlying RA also being established.

Methods

Achromatic luminance thresholds were measured for six incremental spot stimuli (0.009–2.07 deg2) and 190.4 ms duration, at four locations, each at 2.5°, 5° and 10° eccentricity in five healthy observers (mean age 61.4 years) under mesopic conditions (background 1.58 cd/m2). RA was estimated using two‐phase regression analysis with the number of RGCs underlying RA being calculated using normative histological RGC counts.

Results

Ricco's area exhibited a small but statistically insignificant increase between 2.5° and 10° eccentricity. Compared with photopic conditions, RA was larger, with the difference between RA and the Goldmann III stimulus (0.43°) being minimised. RGC number underlying RA was also higher than reported for photopic conditions (median 70 cells, IQR 36–93), with no significant difference being observed across test locations.

Conclusions

Ricco's area and the number of RGCs underlying RA do not vary significantly across the central visual field in mesopic conditions. However, RA is larger and more similar to the standard perimetric Goldmann III stimulus under mesopic compared with photopic adaptation conditions. Further work is required to determine if compensatory enlargements in RA occur in age‐related macular degeneration, to establish the optimal stimulus parameters for AMD‐specific microperimetry.
Hypertension in pediatric kidney transplantation
Authors: Seeman Tomáš , Myette Robert L. , Feber Janusz
Published: April 2023

Arterial hypertension (HTN) in children after kidney transplantation is an important risk factor not only for graft loss but also for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of posttransplant HTN ranges between 60% and 90%. The etiology of posttransplant HTN is multifactorial and includes residual chronic native kidney disease, immunosuppressive therapy, and chronic allograft dysfunction among other causes. Clinic blood pressure (BP) should be measured at each outpatient visit. However, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is the gold standard method for BP evaluation in children after kidney transplantation, as it often reveals masked and nocturnal HTN; given this, it should be regularly performed in each transplanted child. All classes of antihypertensive drugs are used in the treatment of posttransplant HTN because it has never been proven that one class is better than another. However, in several retrospective studies, the use of calcium channel blockers is associated with better graft function. The optimal target BP for transplanted children is still a matter of debate; it is recommended to target the same BP as for healthy children, that is, <95th percentile. Control of HTN in transplanted children remains poor – only 20%–50% of treated children have normal BP. There is a great potential for improvement of antihypertensive treatment that could potentially result in improvement of both graft and patient survival in children after kidney transplantation.
Event‐related potentials during the ultimatum game in people with symptoms of depression and/or social anxiety
Authors: Nicolaisen‐Sobesky Eliana , Paz Valentina , Cervantes‐Constantino Francisco , Fernández‐Theoduloz Gabriela , Pérez Alfonso , Martínez‐Montes Eduardo , Kessel Dominique , Cabana Álvaro , Gradin Victoria B.
Published: April 2023

Depression and social anxiety are common disorders that have a profound impact on social functioning. The need for studying the neural substrates of social interactions in mental disorders using interactive tasks has been emphasized. The field of neuroeconomics, which combines neuroscience techniques and behavioral economics multiplayer tasks such as the Ultimatum Game (UG), can contribute in this direction. We assessed emotions, behavior, and Event‐Related Potentials in participants with depression and/or social anxiety symptoms (MD/SA, n = 63, 57 females) and healthy controls (n = 72, 67 females), while they played the UG. In this task, participants received fair, mid‐value, and unfair offers from other players. Mixed linear models were implemented to assess trial level changes in neural activity. The MD/SA group reported higher levels of sadness in response to mid‐value and unfair offers compared to controls. In controls, the Medial Frontal Negativity associated with fair offers increased over time, while this dynamic was not observed in the MD/SA group. The MD/SA group showed a decreased P3/LPP in all offers, compared to controls. These results indicate an enhanced negative emotional response to unfairness in the MD/SA group. Neural results reveal a blunted response over time to positive social stimuli in the MD/SA group. Moreover, between‐group differences in P3/LPP may relate to a reduced saliency of offers and/or to a reduced availability of resources for processing incoming stimuli in the MD/SA group. Findings may shed light into the neural substrates of social difficulties in these disorders.
Comparative risk perception of the monkeypox outbreak and the monkeypox vaccine
Authors: Yang Janet Z.
Published: April 2023

Based on survey data collected from a nationally representative sample (N = 1,000), this study applies the psychometric paradigm to demonstrate that the American public perceived the monkeypox outbreak as a more dreaded risk than the monkeypox vaccine, but they also viewed the monkeypox vaccine as a more unknown risk. These perceptions influenced their overall risk judgment toward the monkeypox outbreak, support for public health responses and government assistance measures, and likelihood to get vaccinated. Contributing to research on risk perception, these findings indicate that the dread and unknown dimensions offer a more intricate assessment of risk perception beyond perceived susceptibility and perceived severity. Guiding risk communication practice, these results suggest that it is important to highlight to the public that the monkeypox vaccine is a mature technology and getting vaccinated before exposure provides the best protection for high‐risk populations.
A fungal microRNA‐like RNA regulated effector promotes pathogen infection by targeting a host defense‐related transcription factor
Authors: Xu Ming , Gao Chen , Ji Lin , Zhu Lihua , Gao Yuqi , Feng Hao , Huang Lili
Published: April 2023

Effectors play important roles in facilitating the infection of plant pathogenic fungi. However, the gene expression regulatory mechanism of effector genes, in particular at the post‐transcriptional level, is largely unknown. In this study, we uncovered the post‐transcriptional regulation of an effector gene VmSP1 by a miRNA‐like RNA (Vm‐milR16) facilitating the infection of the apple tree Valsa canker pathogen Valsa mali. Genetic and molecular biological assays indicated that the expression of VmSP1 could be suppressed by Vm‐milR16‐mediated mRNA cleavage in a sequence‐specific manner. During V. mali infection, Vm‐milR16 was downregulated, whereas VmSP1 was upregulated, which further indicated the regulation relationship. VmSP1 was further demonstrated to be a secreted protein and could suppress plant immunity. Deletion of VmSP1 did not affect the vegetative growth but significantly reduced the virulence of V. mali. Further study indicated that VmSP1 could interact with the transcription factor MdbHLH189 of apple. Transiently overexpression of MdbHLH189 enhanced host resistance to V. mali by enhancing the expression of apple defense‐related genes, together with the increased callose deposition. Silencing of MdbHLH189 compromised host resistance to V. mali. Our findings uncovered the novel epigenetic regulation mechanism of a virulence‐associated effector gene mediated by a fungal milRNA at the post‐transcriptional level, and the results enriched the understanding of the function and action mechanism of effectors in tree pathogenic fungi.
Effect of gentamicin on CD3+ T‐lymphocyte proliferation for treatment of equine recurrent uveitis: An in vitro study
Authors: Smith Hannah L. , Berglund Alix K. , Robertson James B. , Schnabel Lauren V. , McMullen Richard J. , Gilger Brian C. , Oh Annie
Published: April 2023

Objective

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of gentamicin on CD3+ T‐lymphocyte proliferation and cell viability using an in vitro cell culture model as a means of investigating the mechanism of action of low‐dose intravitreal gentamicin injection.

Animals Studied

Three adult horses with no evidence of ophthalmic or systemic disease.

Procedure

Peripheral blood lymphocytes were treated with gentamicin at concentrations 37.5 μg/mL, 112.5 μg/mL, 187 μg/mL, 375 μg/mL, or 750 μg/mL then stimulated to proliferate with concanavalin A (ConA). 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) and carboxyfluoroscein succinimidyl ester (CSFE) were used as markers of cell viability and cell proliferation, respectively. Following 5‐day culture, live cell counts and CSFE fluorescent intensity data were collected via automated cell count and flow cytometry. The experimental design was duplicated using preservative‐free gentamicin and a proprietary brand formulation. Statistical analysis was performed using two‐way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test.

Results

No statistically significant comparisons in CD3+ T‐lymphocyte live cell counts and geometric mean fluorescent intensity of CSFE were identified between gentamicin concentrations or formulations.

Conclusions

Gentamicin had no effect on equine peripheral blood CD3+ T‐lymphocyte cell viability and proliferation in concentrations ranging from “safe” to “retinotoxic” in relation to intravitreal injection volumes. Low‐dose intravitreal gentamicin may not suppress the Th1‐ and Th17‐mediated immune response.
Carotid body contribution to the physio‐pathological consequences of intermittent hypoxia: role of nitro‐oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Iturriaga Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), is considered to be an independent risk for hypertension. The pathological cardiorespiratory consequences of OSA have been attributed to systemic oxidative stress, inflammation and sympathetic overflow induced by CIH, but an emerging body of evidence indicates that a nitro‐oxidative and pro‐inflammatory milieu within the carotid body (CB) is involved in the potentiation of CB chemosensory responses to hypoxia, which contribute to enhance the sympathetic activity. Accordingly, autonomic and cardiovascular alterations induced by CIH are critically dependent on an abnormally heightened CB chemosensory input to the nucleus of tractus solitarius (NTS), where second‐order neurons project onto the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), activating pre‐sympathetic neurons that control pre‐ganglionic sympathetic neurons. CIH produces oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the NTS and RVLM, which may contribute to the long‐term irreversibility of the CIH‐induced alterations. This brief review is mainly focused on the contribution of nitro‐oxidative stress and pro‐inflammatory molecules on the hyperactivation of the hypoxic chemoreflex pathway including the CB and the brainstem centres, and whether the persistence of autonomic and cardiorespiratory alterations may depend on the glial‐related neuroinflammation induced by the enhanced CB chemosensory afferent input.

image
Creencias y prácticas de autocuidado en profesionales de enfermería en UCI durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Gómez Carvajal Andrea Carolina , Rojas Báez Yuri Lizeth , Sánchez Barrera Erika Alexandra
Published: April 2023

Resumen
Para los profesionales de enfermería, la pandemia por COVID-19 agudizó la necesidad de poner en práctica el cuidado y el autocuidado como elementos fundamentales para proteger la vida propia, de los pacientes, allegados, y la salubridad social en general. Objetivo: describir las creencias y las prácticas de autocuidado utilizadas por profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo para mantener el bienestar físico, mental y social durante la atención de la pandemia por COVID-19 entre el segundo semestre del 2020 y primero del 2021. Metodología: enfoque cualitativo tipo etnográfico, basado en el método de la etnoenfermería propuesto por Madeleine Leininger. Muestreo por saturación teórica de 14 informantes clave. Recolección de información mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas presenciales y virtuales grabadas –transcritas en su totalidad– y notas de campo. Análisis de información a través de las fases de la etnoenfermería, categorización, caracterización e identificación de patrones recurrentes. Resultados: se identificaron tres categorías como temas principales, se obtuvo información sobre las creencias y prácticas de autocuidado de los profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia por COVID-19 que tienen repercusiones en la búsqueda del bienestar individual y colectivo, reconocibles a través de la implementación de diferentes estrategias de protección y las prácticas culturales asociadas. Conclusión: los pensamientos y el consecuente actuar mencionados por la población entrevistada responden de manera directa a las prácticas y creencias relacionadas con sus intenciones de disminuir la probabilidad de contagio y gestionar un autocuidado en la construcción de una resiliencia y un bienestar efectivo de los profesionales de enfermería.
Convertirse en madre y preparación para la maternidad. Un estudio cualitativo exploratorio
Authors: Osorio Castaño Jhon Henry , Calderón Bejarano Hsirley , Noguera Ortiz Norma Yaneth
Published: April 2023

Resumen
Introducción: la preparación para la maternidad contribuye al fenómeno de convertirse en madre. Objetivo: describir los significados que las mujeres que se vuelven madres por primera vez le atribuyen a la preparación para la maternidad. Método: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio que utilizó la entrevista abierta con mujeres que estaban experimentando por primera vez el proceso de convertirse en madre. Se utilizó un muestreo por conveniencia y el tamaño de la muestra estuvo determinado por la saturación teórica. Las entrevistas se grabaron y se transcribieron. Se aplicó la técnica de análisis de contenido a los relatos y todas las mujeres firmaron consentimiento informado autorizando su participación. Resultados: se entrevistaron diez mujeres y de sus relatos emergieron cinco categorías: 1) aprender, la tarea de ser madre; 2) apoyo durante el proceso de convertirse en madre; 3) atributos de la preparación; 4) relación con la pareja; y 5) relación con la madre. La preparación para la maternidad se ve permeada y configurada por una serie de encuentros y desencuentros en una red de interacciones con el compañero, la madre de la mujer, el bebé y la sí misma. Conclusiones: la preparación para la maternidad requiere del apoyo de otras personas significativas en varios momentos del proceso; es un fenómeno en el que se logran aprendizajes, se transita por aspectos emocionales y modifica la relación con la pareja y con la madre.
Comparación de estrategias multimodales para mejorar el reconocimiento de los hitos del desarrollo infantil entre los proveedores de servicios de guardería durante una conferencia virtual o presencial
Authors: Livia José , Márquez Miramontes Blanca Lidia , Campos Pérez Rosalvina , Leiner de la Cabada Marie
Published: April 2023

Resumen
Introducción: las evaluaciones de los conocimientos obtenidos durante conferencias, tanto en persona como de forma virtual, rara vez se documentan, en parte debido a la complejidad de incluir una evaluación, las pruebas previas que conlleva, las preocupaciones sobre la confidencialidad y las diferencias entre los asistentes en cuanto a su nivel educativo, lenguaje y disposición a ser evaluados. Objetivo: se comparó el reconocimiento de los indicadores del desarrollo infantil durante una conferencia en los Estados Unidos utilizando dos estrategias de comunicación multimodal diferentes (presentación de vídeo vs. presentación oral) entre tres grupos de personal a cargo del cuidado de los niños. Métodos: estudio transversal con medidas repetidas. Una hora antes de finalizar la conferencia, dos grupos (uno virtual y otro presencial) recibieron una presentación multimodal de 8 minutos sobre los indicadores del desarrollo infantil a los 4 meses (en vídeo con dibujos animados); un grupo de control, durante la conferencia presencial, recibió una presentación multimedia de 8 minutos (oral mediante PowerPoint) sobre los indicadores del desarrollo infantil a los 4 meses. Resultados: los tres grupos respondieron dos veces a una escala para medir el reconocimiento de los indicadores del desarrollo infantil antes de que empezara la conferencia y quince minutos antes de que terminara la conferencia de 2½ horas. Los asistentes, tanto en persona como a través de la modalidad virtual, tuvieron un reconocimiento significativamente mayor de los indicadores del desarrollo infantil a los 4 meses de edad en comparación con el grupo de control, ajustado por edad y niveles de educación. Conclusión: estos resultados sugieren las ventajas de una presentación multimodal con vídeo en comparación con una presentación oral durante las conferencias para aumentar el reconocimiento de los indicadores del desarrollo infantil, que son complejos y variados. Asimismo, dicha estrategia puede ser eficaz independientemente de las diferentes características relacionadas con el nivel educativo o la edad del grupo de participantes que asisten a una conferencia.
Validación de la Escala de Valoración de Agencia de Autocuidado Revisada en una muestra colombiana
Authors: Berrío García Nathaly , Sánchez Escudero Juan Pablo , Vieco Gómez Germán Fernando
Published: April 2023

Resumen

Introducción: la Escala de Valoración de Agencia de Autocuidado Revisada es un instrumento diseñado para valorar el autocuidado de la salud en población clínica; sin embargo, se desconocen estudios sobre sus propiedades psicométricas en población general no-clínica colombiana. Objetivo: validar la Escala de Valoración de Agencia de Autocuidado Revisada en una muestra de 306 participantes voluntarios en Colombia. Método: estudio de diseño metodológico psicométrico realizado entre octubre y diciembre de 2021. Para el análisis de la validez de estructura se aplicaron técnicas de análisis factorial, exploratorio y confirmatorio. De manera complementaria, se evaluó la validez de contenido a través de un panel de expertos. Finalmente, como evidencia de la confiabilidad del instrumento se analizó su consistencia interna mediante el coeficiente Omega de McDonald. Resultados: los hallazgos muestran que el ASA-R muestra una estructura unidimensional que explica el 61,99 % de la varianza total. La valoración de la relevancia, claridad, precisión y comprensión de los ítems tuvo resultados cuyo promedio osciló entre una V de Aiken de 0,79 y 0,99. La consistencia interna mostró un índice satisfactorio para la escala total (ω=0,93). Conclusiones: la versión del ASA-R presentada en este artículo posee propiedades métricas adecuadas y se recomienda su uso para medir agencia de autocuidado de la salud en población sana colombiana.
A scoping and critical review of properties, standards, and regulations of oxo-biodegradable plastics
Authors: Salcedo Reyes Juan Carlos , Castañeda Uribe Octavio Alejandro , Gomez Méndez Luis David , Pedroza Rodríguez Aura Marina , Poutou Piñales Raul Alberto
Published: April 2023

Based on recent scientific-technical developments referring to the transformation and biodegradation mechanisms of plastic compounds, progress has been made both in the conceptualization of relevant definitions and in the development of technical standards that allow determining, in a more precise and reproducible way, the ratio of biodegradability of a determined material. From these advances, they have developed, furthermore, the so-called oxo-biodegradable plastics, in which pro-oxidant additives are added to the raw polymer in such a way that allow a optimal abiotic transformation process (photo/thermo oxidation), producing the fragmentation of the material under suitable conditions for its simultaneous or successive biotic degradation (enzymatic oxidation). Although, currently, oxobiodegradable plastics are widely used in different applications such as, for example, in agriculture andsingle-use plastics, until very recently a technical standard was developed that allows determining the relative degradation ratio of different types of plastics under abiotic and biotic conditions. This process implies that for producers to be able to use specific terms of bio-degradation and oxo-biodegradation for advertising purposes that claim to offer an environmentally friendly product, the relevant entities must carry out metrological tests in light of the new definitions and technical standards. Furthermore, a large amount of specialized literature has been generated in which the bio-degradation ratio of oxobiodegradable plastics is determined in very specific environments and conditions. This review gives a detailed account of the different definitions and scientific concepts involved in oxo-/bio- degradation and shows how these concepts have evolved over time. It also shows the evolution of the technical standards, which, in general, are adapted to the new scientific and technical developments in the field of plastics. Finally, a detailed analysis of results reported in the scientific literature shows the dependence of oxo-biodegradation on different parameters (UV radiation, temperature, exposure time, type of enzymes), specific environments (soil, composting, waste, recycling, etc.), different types of plastics (LDPE, HDPE, LLDPE, pro-oxidant additives) and, finally, on different analytical techniques used (FTIR, DSC, TGA, SEM, tensile test).
Scrutinizing a hidden SM-like gauge model with corrections to oblique parameters
Authors: Tran Van Que , Nguyen Thong T. Q. , Yuan Tzu-Chiang
Published: April 2023

In view of the recent high precision measurement of the Standard Model W boson mass at the CDF II detector, we compute the contributions to the oblique parameters S, T and U coming from the two additional Higgs doublets (one inert and one hidden) as well as the hidden neutral dark gauge bosons and extra heavy fermions in the gauged two-Higgs-doublet model (G2HDM). While the effects from the hidden Higgs doublet and new heavy fermions are found to be minuscule, the hidden gauge sector $$SU(2)_H \times U(1)_X$$

S
U

(
2
)

H

×
U

(
1
)

X

with gauge coupling strength $$\gtrsim 10^{-2}$$

≳

10

-
2

and gauge boson mass $$\gtrsim 100$$

≳
100

GeV can readily explain the W boson mass anomaly but is nevertheless excluded by the dilepton high-mass resonance searches at the Large Hadron Collider. On the other hand, the new global fits to the oblique parameters due to the new W boson mass measurement can give discernible impacts on the mass splitting and mixing angle for the inert Higgs doublet in G2HDM. We also study the impact on the signal strength of diphoton mode of the 125 GeV Higgs boson $$h \rightarrow \gamma \gamma $$

h
→
γ
γ

and the detectability of the yet to be observed process $$h \rightarrow Z \gamma $$

h
→
Z
γ

at the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider. Current constraints for the dark matter candidate $$W^\prime $$

W
′

including the dark matter relic density, dark matter direct detections and invisible Higgs decays are also taken into account in this study.
Anisotropic compact stars in complexity formalism and isotropic stars made of anisotropic fluid under minimal geometric deformation (MGD) context in $$f(\mathscr {T})$$ gravity-theory
Authors: Maurya S. K. , Errehymy Abdelghani , Govender M. , Mustafa G. , Al-Harbi Nuha , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we present an anisotropic solution for static and spherically symmetric self-gravitating systems by demanding the vanishing of the complexity factor (Herrera in Phys Rev D 97:044010, 2018) along with the isotropization technique through the gravitational decoupling (GD) approach (Ovalle in Phys Rev D 95:104019, 2017) in $$f(\mathscr {T})$$

f
(
T
)

-gravity theory. We begin by implementing gravitational decoupling via MGD scheme as the generating mechanism to obtain anisotropic solutions describing physically realizable static, spherical self-gravitating systems. We adopt the Krori–Barua ansatz and present two new classes of stellar solutions: the minimally deformed anisotropic solution with a vanishing complexity factor and the isotropic solution via gravitational decoupling. We demonstrate that both classes of solutions obey conditions of regularity, causality and stability. An interesting feature is the switch in trends of some of the thermodynamical quantities such as effective density, radial and transverse stresses at some finite radius, $$r=r_*$$

r
=

r

∗

, depending on different values of the decoupling constant $$\beta $$
β
. We show that gravitational decoupling via the vanishing complexity factor enhances the stability of the stellar fluid surrounding the core’s central areas. By analyzing the effect of the decoupling constant $$\beta $$
β
on the $$M-Y_{TF}$$

M
-

Y

TF

plots, (where $$Y_{TF}$$

Y

TF

denotes the complexity factor) derived from both solutions, we find that a small contribution from the complexity factor leads to the prediction of lower maximum mass of a self-gravitating compact star via gravitational decoupling in $$f(\mathscr {T})$$

f
(
T
)

-gravity compared to their pure $$f(\mathscr {T})$$

f
(
T
)

-gravity counterparts. Furthermore, we have also determined the impact of decoupling constant $$\beta $$
β
and surface density on predicted radii via $$M{-}R$$

M
-
R

for some known compact objects.
Fat b-jet analyses using old and new clustering algorithms in new Higgs boson searches at the LHC
Authors: Chakraborty A. , Dasmahapatra S. , Day-Hall H. A. , Ford B. , Jain S. , Moretti S.
Published: April 2023

We compare different jet-clustering algorithms in establishing fully hadronic final states stemming from the chain decay of a heavy Higgs state into a pair of the 125 GeV Higgs boson that decays into bottom-antibottom quark pairs. Such 4b events typically give rise to boosted topologies, wherein $$b{\bar{b}}$$

b

b

¯

pairs emerging from each 125 GeV Higgs boson tend to merge into a single, fat b-jet. Assuming large hadron collider (LHC) settings, we illustrate how both the efficiency of selecting the multi-jet final state and the ability to reconstruct from it the masses of all Higgs bosons depend on the choice of jet-clustering algorithm and its parameter settings. We indicate the optimal choice of clustering method for the purpose of establishing such a ubiquitous beyond the SM (BSM) signal, illustrated via a Type-II 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM).
Bioconvective nonlinear radiated thermal transport of magnetized third-grade nanoparticles in accelerated frame with implementation of modified fourier heat flux laws
Authors: Alzahrani Jawaher
Published: April 2023

The contribution of nanoparticles is important to enhance energy resources and improve the efficiency of solar management systems. Owing to impressive thermal consequences, various applications of nanoparticles are observed in engineering processes, chemical and mechanical industries, thermal systems and many more. It is further emphasized that the decomposition of nanoparticles with non-Newtonian materials is more dynamic from an application point of view. The current research communicates the improvement in thermal transportation phenomenon due to interaction of nanoparticles along with decomposing of third-grade base fluid. The nanofluid is immersed with microorganism to justify the applications of bioconvection. The thermal observations are carried out with the existence of some extra thermal consequences like activation energy and radiative phenomenon with nonlinear approach. The modified relations of Fourier and Fick theories have been used to entertain the thermal results. The confined flow is due to the accelerated regime with stretching characteristics. The dynamical system is formulated with the attention of partial differential equations. The physical impact of parameters is addressed for specific range of parameters like [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. The analytical outcomes are listed via homotopy analysis scheme. The role of parameters fluctuating in the various profiles is graphically observed. The results conveyed via the current model are effective in enhancing the thermal processes, solar systems, heat transfer, control of cooling and heating phenomenon, biofuels, fertilizers, etc.
Text Classification Based on CNN-BiGRU and Its Application in Telephone Comments Recognition
Authors: Wang Qianying , Tian Jie , Li Meng , Lu Ming
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we proposed a deep fusion model for telephone comments recognition, named CNN-BiGRU. Traditionally, the most used algorithms in text classification are Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long and Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Bi-Gated Recurrent Neural Network (BiGRU). For CNN, it can extract the feature form the neighbors, and a softmax layer is followed for classification. The global feature is not included in the CNN model. LSTM introduces the gate, which can capture the information before the node. BiGRU is developed from LSTM, and it can find the features in the context. So compared to LSTM, BiGRU not only includes the information before, but also can capture the following features. Thus, LSTM and BiGRU can extract the global features, but cannot capture the local features. In order to deal with this weakness, we proposed a fusion model for comments classification, which combines the CNN and BiGRU in our model. Different from other methods, CNN and BiGRU are parallelly connected. CNN model can extract the local feature, and BiGRU can find the global feature. Then we concatenate the two kinds of features and feed to recognition layer for classification. Then we use our model to classify the telephone comments; compared with the traditional machine SVM and tow deep neural models — CNN and BiGRU — our model performed better.
GPART: Partitioning Maximal Redundant Rigid and Maximal Global Rigid Components in Generic Distance Graphs
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wei Qinhan , Wang Yongcai , Ping Haodi , Li Deying
Published: April 2023

Partitioning the
Maximal Redundant Rigid Components (MRRC)
and
Maximal Global Rigid Components (MGRC)
in generic 2D graphs are critical problem for network structure analysis, network localizability detection, and localization algorithm design. This article presents efficient algorithms to partition MRRCs and MGRCs and develops an open-sourced toolbox, GPART, for these algorithms to be conveniently used by the society. We firstly propose conditions and an efficient algorithm to merge the over-constrained regions to form the maximal redundant rigid components (MRRC). The detected MRRCs are proved to be maximal and all the MRRCs are guaranteed to be detected. The time to merge the over-constrained regions is linear to the number of nodes in the over-constrained components. To detect MGRCs, the critical problem is to decompose 3-connected components in each MRRC. We exploit SPQR-tree based method and design a local optimization algorithm, called MGRC_acce to prune the unnecessary decomposition operations so that the SPQR-tree functions can be called much less number of times. We prove the MGRCs can be detected inside MRRCs using at most
O(mn
) time. Then a GPART toolbox is developed and extensively tested in graphs of different densities. We show the proposed MRRC and MGRC detection algorithms are valid and MGRC_acce greatly outperforms the direct SPQR-tree based decomposition algorithm. GPART is outsourced at
https://github.com/inlab-group/gpart
.
Intelligent Controller Design and Fault Prediction Using Machine Learning Model
Authors: Kumar Kailash , Pande Suyog Vinayak , Kumar T. Ch. Anil , Saini Parvesh , Chaturvedi Abhay , Reddy Pundru Chandra Shaker , Shah Krishna Bikram
Published: April 2023

In a solar power plant, a solid phase transformer and an optimization coordinated controller are utilized to improve transient responsiveness. Transient stability issues in a contemporary electrical power system represent one of the difficult tasks for an electrical engineer due to the rise in uncertain renewable energy sources (RESs) as a result of the need for green energy. The potential for terminal voltage to be adversely impacted by this greater RES raises the possibility of electrical device damage. It is possible to use a solid state transformer (SST) or smart transformer to address a transient response issue. These devices are frequently employed to interact between RES and a power grid. SST features a variety of regulated converters to maintain the necessary voltage levels. This method can therefore simultaneously lessen power fluctuations and transient responsiveness. In order to improve the quality of RES power injections and the electrical system’s transient stability, this work provides a controller design for a solar photovoltaic (SPV) system that is connected to the grid by SST. The optimization of a controller model is proposed by modifying a PI controller taken from a commercial one. With the use of IEEE 39 standard buses, the proposed controller is tested. When evaluating the effectiveness of a suggested controller, it is important to take into account a variety of solar radiation patterns as well as a time delay uncertainty that can range from 425 ms to 525 ms. According to simulation results, the proposed controller can be employed to lessen power fluctuation brought on by unpredictable RES. Additionally, the proposed coordinated regulation of SPV and SST can prevent catastrophic damage in the event of substantial disturbances like a circuit breaker collapsing to expand a power line due to a fault by inhibiting significant voltage cycles within an electronic appliance’s rated voltage limit. The results indicate that a transitory stability issue in a modern power system caused by an unforeseen increase in RES may be addressed utilizing the suggested controllers as alternatives.
Bone Mineral Density Prediction from CT Image: A Novel Approach using ANN
Authors: Resmi S. L. , Hashim V. , Mohammed Jesna , Dileep P. N.
Published: April 2023

Background. Though treatable, osteoporosis continues as a substantially underdiagnosed and undertreated condition. Bone mineral density (BMD) monitoring will definitely aid in the prediction and prevention of medical emergencies arising from osteoporosis. Although quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is one of the most widely accepted tools for measuring BMD, it lacks the contribution of bone architecture in predicting BMD, which is significant as aging progresses. This paper presents an innovative approach for the prediction of BMD incorporating bone architecture that involves no extra cost, time, and exposure to severe radiation. Methods. In this approach, the BMD is predicted using clinical CT scan images taken for other indications based on image processing and artificial neural network (ANN). The network used in this study is a standard backpropagation neural network having five input neurons with one hidden layer having 40 neurons with a tan-sigmoidal activation function. The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) image properties extracted from QCT of human skull and femur bone of rabbit that are closely associated with the BMD are used as input parameters of the ANN. The density value of the bone which is computed from the Hounsfield units of QCT scan image through phantom calibration is used as the target value for training the network. Results. The ANN model predicts the density values using the image properties from the clinical CT of the same rabbit femur bone and is compared with the density value computed from QCT scan. The correlation coefficient between predicted BMD and QCT density valued to 0.883. The proposed network can assist clinicians in identifying early stage of osteoporosis and devise suitable strategies to improve BMD with no additional cost.
The Influence of the Hyaluronic Acid Gel on the Postoperative Sequelae following Surgical Removal of the Impacted Mandibular Third Molar in Comparison with the A-PRF: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Al-Saadi Thoulfokar Shokor , Al-Quisi Ahmed Fadhel
Published: April 2023

One of the most common procedures in oral surgery is the removal of impacted mandibular third molars, often followed by pain, swelling, alveolitis, and trismus. Purpose. To compare the outcomes of the intrasocket application of 1% hyaluronic acid oral gel (HA) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) on the expected postoperative complications, pain, swelling, and trismus follow the surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar. Material and Methods. A randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Dental Teaching Hospital. Healthy patients who required surgical removal of the impacted mandibular third molar were divided randomly into three groups. The extraction site of the group (A) patients remained without the addition of any material, just suturing of the wound with simple interrupted sutures, while in group (B) patients, the extraction site was filled with 1 cc of 1% hyaluronic acid gel (periokin®), and in group C patients, the extraction site was filled with A-PRF. Results. Sixty-six eligible patients participated in this study; both hyaluronic acid gel 1% (periokin®) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin showed a significant reduction in pain, swelling, and trismus on the 1st, third, and seventh postoperative days when compared to the control group, while the comparison between HA and A-PRF showed no significant differences except for the pain on the third postoperative day. There was a significant pain decrease in the A-PRF group than HA group. Conclusion. Intrasocket application of 1% hyaluronic acid gel (periokin®) or advanced platelet-rich fibrin can be an effective primary way to significantly reduce postoperative pain, trismus, and edema compared to the control group following mandibular third molar surgery.
Video Game Engagement: A Passkey to the Intentions of Continue Playing, Purchasing Virtual Items, and Player Recruitment (3Ps)
Authors: Laurence  , Hermawan Asep , Bernarto Innocentius , Antonio Ferdi
Published: April 2023

People of all ages enjoy playing games, making online gaming a part of the modern lifestyle. Online games as digital products can reach gamers without being hindered by various limitations such as time and location. With a large selection of freemium and premium games in the virtual marketplace, gamers have the opportunity to switch between various games from different genres and make purchases of virtual goods. Therefore, the challenge that developers have to overcome is whether gamers will have the intention to play, pay, and recruit players (3Ps). To manage future behavior intentions, game developers need to ensure that gamers and the games they play have a solid engagement. Data collection comes from the results of distributing questionnaires to Twitter users with the self-reporting method. The amount of data processed was 370 respondents. The model was assessed using the partial least square of structural equation modeling. The results of this study show that video game engagement plays a crucial role as a mediator between gamer experience and the intention to continue playing, purchase game items, and recruit new players. Enjoyment is the strongest predictor of gamer experience, followed by arousal, social interaction, escapism, and challenge.
Streptococcus Pneumoniae Bacteremia with Acute Kidney Injury and Transient ADAMTS13 Deficiency
Authors: Van Hove Sam , Werion Alexis , Anantharajah Ahalieyah , Belkhir Leila , van Dievoet Marie-Astrid , Hantson Philippe
Published: April 2023

A 43-year-old woman with a medical history of splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura was diagnosed with Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia. Her initial complaints were fever and more importantly painful extremities that appeared cyanotic. During her hospitalisation, she never developed cardiocirculatory failure but presented acute kidney injury (AKI) with oliguria. Laboratory investigations confirmed AKI with serum creatinine 2.55 mg/dL which peaked at 6.49 mg/dL. There was also evidence for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with decreased platelet count, low fibrinogen levels, and high D-dimer levels. There were no signs of haemolytic anaemia. The initial ADAMTS13 activity was low (17%) but slowly recovered. Renal function progressively improved with supportive therapy, as opposed to the progressing skin necrosis. The association of DIC and low ADAMTS13 activity may have contributed to the severity of microthrombotic complications, even in the absence of thrombotic microangiopathy as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) or pneumococcal-associated haemolytic uremic syndrome (pa-HUS).
Statistical Optimization of Biomass and Extracellular Polysaccharide Production by the Wild Helvella lacunosa Mycelium in Liquid-State Fermentation Using a Pine Needles Extract Medium
Authors: Guo Shang , Xu Li-Na , Li Yan-Ting , Guo Wei-Wei , Guo Xiao-Fei , Hong Sha-Sha
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was using a statistical model to optimize the medium formula and liquid culturing conditions, which was employed to evaluate the potency of pine needles extract as nutritional component in basal medium for culturing Helvella lacunose in order to enhancing the production of mycelia and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS). The most proper carbon and nitrogen source, various fermentation parameters (i.e., initial pH in medium, fermentation time, and temperature) were investigated by single factor test. Based on the experimentation, the optimal concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources were analyzed by response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that the optimal medium formula and liquid culturing conditions were 1000 mL pine needles extract, 33.56 g glucose, 4.11 g peptone, 4.06 g YE, 1 g KH2PO4, 1 g NaHCO3, 0.5 g MgSO4, 0.01 g vitamin B1 for the accumulation of mycelial biomass (at pH 6.0, 25°C culturing of 7 days), and EPS (at pH 7.0, 25°C culturing of 10 days). Under optimized medium, the experimental production of mycelia and EPS were 11.78 g/L and 223.16 mg/L, which were 10.52 and 4.85 times than that of control (1.12 ± 0.52 g/L and 46.08 ± 1.18 mg/L, respectively). This data implied that statistical model is very useful tools for optimizing media components and fermentation parameters, and the screened media components and parameters have reference value for further large-scale production.
Optimization on Stir Casting Process Parameters of Al7050/Nano-B4C Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Ananth G. , Muthu Krishnan T. , Thirugnanam S. , Tariku Olkeba Tewedaj
Published: April 2023

Aluminum matrix composites are widely employed in aerospace, military, automobile, and transport applications. The high-strength with low-weight materials are required to fulfill the requirement of high-performance applications. The low-weight materials are reinforced with hard reinforcements to obtain high-strength-to-weight properties for using high-performance applications. The process parameters of fabrication technique define the mechanical and tribological properties. Many types of optimization tools are used for optimizing the process parameters of fabrication method. In this research, the aluminum alloy 7050 and boron carbide are selected as matrix material and reinforcement material. The fabrication of Al7050/B4C composites is produced by the stir casting method. The optimization on stir casting process parameters is done by using the Taguchi approach. The L9 orthogonal array is chosen for this investigation. The chosen input stir casting process parameters are wt% B4C, stirring time (10, 15, and 20 min), stirring speed (300, 350, and 400 rpm), and melting temperature (700, 750, and 800°C). The microhardness is selected as a valuable response parameter for optimizing the stir casting process parameters. The influencing stir casting process parameter sequence is determined by using mean table. The influencing parameters of stir casting on microhardness are stirring speed, stirring time, wt% B4C, and melting temperature. The 9 wt% of boron carbide addition increases the microhardness, and it is higher than the other wt%. The optimum combination of input process parameter combination is 9 wt% boron carbide, 750°C melting temperature, 350 rpm stirring speed, and 15 min stirring time (A3B2C2D2). The percentage of microhardness value improvement is 20.3%.
Fault Detection and Classification to Design a Protection Scheme for Utility Grid with High Penetration of Wind and Solar Energy
Authors: Gupta Abhishek , Pachar Ramesh Kumar , Mahela Om Prakash , Khan Baseem
Published: April 2023

This paper designed a protection scheme for utility grid with high share of renewable energy (RE) generated from wind energy and solar energy plants. This is based on extraction of features from the current using Stockwell transform (ST), Hilbert transform (HT), and alienation coefficient. A Stockwell index (SI) is designed by extracting current features using ST, a Hilbert index (HI) is designed by extracting current features using HT, and an alienation index (AI) is designed by extracting current features using an alienation coefficient. A fault index (FI) is formulated by multiplying the SI, HI, AI, and WF (weight factor). This FI is implemented for fault detection. Fault classification is achieved considering number of fault phases and ground fault index (GFI). This GFI is designed by processing zero sequence currents applying ST. GFI effectively identifies the ground involved during event of a fault. A designed protection scheme is effective to identify faults in the scenario of high RE share and during various cases of study which includes the variations of fault impedance, different fault occurrence angles (FOA), fault incident at different nodes, and noisy condition. This protection scheme effectively discriminates the fault events from the operational events such as feeder operation, load, and capacitor switching. Performance of hybrid protection method formulated in this paper is better relative to alienation coefficient-based protection scheme (ACPS) reported in literature. The ACPS has maximum error and mean error of fault detection equal to 9.54% and 5.99%, respectively, which is relatively high compared to the respective values for the proposed method which are 1.89% and 0.978%, respectively. ACPS is effective for detecting the fault events in noise level of 30 dB SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) whereas the proposed method effectively identifies the faults in the high noise scenario of 20 dB SNR.