bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magazine "Bee" M.O. Mikeshina on the Russian volunteer movement in Serbia in 1876
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kuz'micheva Lyudmila
Published: October 2022

The article allows you to get an idea of the nature of the Russian volunteer movement to Serbia in 1876 and its coverage in one of the most popular art magazines in Russia. The nature of publications and the selection of illustrations largely depended on the personal tastes and preferences of the publisher of the magazine, the artist, sculptor and publicist M.O. Mikeshin.
Russian volunteers in 1876 in the memory of contemporaries – a brief overview
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Leovac Danko
Published: October 2022

The Great Eastern Crisis (1875-1878) and the Serbian-Turkish wars still occupy an important place in historiography. Immediately at the beginning of the conflict, a large number of Russian volunteers arrived in Serbia, mostly officers and former military personnel. The article analyzes various observations and memories of contemporaries about these volunteers, their significance and role in the war. In more than a hundred different records of contemporaries, various observations about Russian volunteers have been preserved.
New information about colonel Raevsky (between the two editions of “The Death of Count Vronsky”)
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shemyakin Andrej
Published: October 2022

Historians have written a lot about Colonel Nikolai Nikolaevich Raevsky, but there are also many publicists who mix myths and reality. With the help of new data from Russian and Serbian archives, the existing historiography can be critically supplemented and re-evaluated.
A.N. Shemyakin on the russian voluntary movement in 1876
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Silkin Aleksandr
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the contribution of Andrei Leonidovich Shemyakin (1960–2018) to the study of the role of Russian volunteers in the Serbo-Turkish war of 1876. In particular, his proof of the well-known hypothesis that Nikolai Raevsky 3rd served as the prototype for Count Alexei Vronsky to Leo Tolstoy. The controversy with adherents of anti-scientific myths and misconceptions that have become widespread in connection with the biography of Raevsky and another well-known figure in the volunteer movement, General M. Chernyaev, is highlighted.
Serbs under the Russian flag, 1876-1916
Authors:   MGIMO University, Vishnyakov Yaroslav
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the fate of the banner of the Russian volunteers of the Serbo-Turkish war of 1876, which has become a symbol of the Russian-Serbian military brotherhood. Specially made for public donations, it was kept for a long time in the Serbian Compound of Moscow, and in September 1916 it was solemnly transferred to the Serbian Volunteer Corps formed in Russia. It is especially noteworthy that it was under this banner that Serbian soldiers and officers took part in the anti-Bolshevik struggle in the Russian North in 1918–1919.
Trade relations between Serbia and Russia in the 19th century
Authors:   Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republic of Serbia, Popović Nikola
Published: October 2022

In the foreign trade of the Principality and the Kingdom of Serbia during the 19th century, the Habsburg Monarchy, Austria-Hungary, occupied the first place. The value of trade with Russia and neighboring countries lagged behind. This was a consequence of the underdevelopment of political relations and the agrarian nature of the economy. Only with general technological progress (modernization) will there be an increase in the production of various, even luxury goods, which expanded trade. It was clear to the ruling class of Serbia and its like-minded people since the time of Garasanin that in order to achieve the national ideal (liberation and unification) it is necessary to have material strength and a powerful ally.
Mediation of Slavic commitees between Russia and the Balkanas in the year of crisis and war in the 1870s – humanitarian and cultural aspects
Authors:   ANPOO “Regional economic and legal college”, Popovkin Aleksej
Published: October 2022

The article gives a description of the humanitarian and cultural aspects of the mediation of the Slavic committees and societies between Russia and the Balkans, mainly in 1875–1876. Using examples from the chronicle of charity in the Voronezh province, the interaction between the Slavic Committees and the Society for the Care of the Wounded and Sick Soldiers (Russian Red Cross) is revealed, in the context of the activities of broad sections of Russian society, inspired not only by information coming from the Slavic committees and from the press, but by symbolic images of people's self-consciousness, containing an archetypal picture of the Orthodox East.
The tsar’s grant charters to the laity (1613–1696): experience in the reconstruction of the sources corpus
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Komochev Nikita
Published: October 2022

The work contains a scientific study and guidebook about the identified corpus of tsars charters to secular persons for 1613–1696, including more than 1300 titles. A significant array of the most important documents, valuable for diplomatics, source studies, genealogy, paleographies and sphragistics as well as studying history of land ownership, political, economic and cultural life in Russia of the XVII century, has been introduced into scientific circulation. For historians, source specialists, archivists, and anyone interested in Russian history.
Prinsip Rumah Sakit Dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan Kesehatan Yang Adil Bagi Masyarakat Miskin untuk tercapainya derajat Kesehatan di Indonesia
Authors: Arlusiana Vera
Published: October 2022

Rumah Sakit adalah institusi pelayanan kesehatan yang menyelenggarakan pelayanan kesehatan perorangan secara paripurna yang menyediakan pelayanan rawat inap, rawat jalan, dan gawat darurat. Rumah Sakit Umum adalah Rumah Sakit yang memberikan pelayanan kesehatan pada semua bidang dan jenis penyakit. Kesehatan merupakan suatu hak dan hal utama yang menjadi kebutuhan dasar setiap manusia. Semua manusia berhak untuk mendapatkan pelayanan yang adil terkait dengan kesehatannya. Kesehatan juga merupakan hak dasar dalam pengakuan derajat kemanusiaan. Hal ini sesuai dengan Pasal 28 H ayat (1) UUD 1945 yang menyatakan bahwa “Setiap orang berhak hidup sejahtera lahir dan batin, bertempat tinggal, dan mendapat lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat serta berhak memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan”. Tujuan dari adanya rumah sakit adalah untuk mempermudah akses masyarakat dalam mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan. Memberikan perlindungan terhadap keselamatan pasien, masyarakat, lingkungan rumah sakit dan sumber daya manusia di rumah sakit. Dengan begitu semua masyarakat dapat menjangkau rumah sakit untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan serta mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan yang adil dan derajat kesehatan masyarakat akan tercapai.
Kesehatan Mental Anak dan Remaja
Authors: diego juan
Published: October 2022

Pengertian Kesehatan Mental Sebelum membahas tentang kesehatan mental, kita perlu memahami pengertian dari sehat itu sendiri. Sehat menurut World Health Organization (WHO) adalah: A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 2001). WHO memberikan pengertian tentang sehat sebagai suatu keadaan fisik, mental, dan sosial yang lengkap sejahtera dan tidak semata-mata karena tidak adanya penyakit atau kelemahan. Definisi ini semakin menjelaskan bahwa kesehatan mental merupakan bagian dari kesehatan. Kesehatan mental juga sangat berhubungan dengan kesehatan fisik dan perilaku. WHO lalu memberikan pengertian tentang kesehatan mental sebagai: A state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community (WHO, 2001). Kesehatan mental merupakan kondisi dimana individu memiliki kesejahteraan yang tampak dari dirinya yang mampu menyadari potensinya sendiri, memiliki kemampuan untuk mengatasi tekanan hidup normal pada berbagai situasi dalam kehidupan, mampu bekerja secara produktif dan menghasilkan, serta mampu memberikan kontribusi kepada komunitasnya.
人間中心主義
Authors: Moore Mill H. W.
Published: October 2022

人間中心主義（;古代ギリシャ語から：ἄνθρωπος、ánthrōpos、「人間」;および古代ギリシャ語：κέντρον、ケントロン、「中心」）は、人間が宇宙の中心的または最も重要な存在であるという信念です。この用語は人間中心主義と交換可能に使用することができ、一部の人はその概念を人間の覇権または人間の例外主義と呼んでいます。
Physics of creation - Symmetry breaking, (en)active inference, and unfolding statespaces
Authors: GUÉNIN--CARLUT Avel
Published: October 2022

Physical explanation relies on the description of natural systems through the construct of “statespaces”, i.e. mathematical representations of the space of their accessible states. By construction, a statespace representation must account for all determinants of the target system’s evolution, and any change that it does not represent must be held as causally irrelevant. Therefore, although statespace representation appears necessary for formal tractability, it entails the reification of the physical symmetries underlying the target system.This is unproblematic if we hold to the Platonic belief in an ordered, legible universe, whose activity is explained by well-defined “natural laws” imposing observable symmetries onto Nature. However, this idea relates poorly to the life sciences, where the organization that underlies system activity is clearly history-ladden and context-sensitive. More precisely, life and mind seem permeated by the phenomenon of autopoiesis (or self-creation), in which they create their own constitutive symmetries.We discuss here the motivations of law-like explanation, and its intrinsic limitation to account for “creation” in life and mind. We then draft a formal account derived from the Free Energy Principle, rearticulated as a “statespace-free” theory of physical observation grounded in quantum information theory. Finally, we discuss the implication of this treatment for our role as agents in constructing physical reality.
KESEHATAN MASYARAKAYAT & LINGKUNGAN MASYAKAT MENGANDUNG UNSUR SILA KE 2 KEMANUSIAAN YANG ADIL DAN BERADAP
Authors: Azizah Imroatus
Published: October 2022

Artikel ini saya buat untuk memberikan gambaran tentang bentuk nilai kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab dalam KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DAN LINGKUNGAN MASYARAKAT. Banyak nilai kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab dalam KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT seperti latar belakang, kasus/masalah, cara mengatasinya, dan banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi kesehatan masyarakat. Hasil Artikel saya adalah kita harus menjaga lingkungan masyarakat agar tetap bersih dan bebas dari gejala penyakit dan sebagai manusia yang adil dan beradab kita harus memajukan lingkungan semua masyarakat agar bersih, nyaman untuk ditinggali.
Penurunan Kesejahteraan Akibat Covid-19
Authors: sakti bintang bima
Published: October 2022

Corona Virus Disease 2019 atau yang diberi istilah “Covid-19” menyebabkan kecemasan dan ancaman serius disektor pendidikan, kesehatan, sosial, perdagangan, termasuk ekonomi. Manfaat makalah ini untuk memeriksa bagaimana dampaknya terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat di Kota Samarinda.Data data dilakukan dengan survey kepada 65 informan yang merupakan perwakilan dari tiap tiap Kecamatan di kota Samarinda selama September 2021.Kami menerima setiap informasi tersebut yang relevan dengan tingkat kesejahteraan, dimana ini terfokus pada mereka dengan profesi yang berbeda tetapi kesamannya adalah sebagai pekerja harian. Dengan teknik berbasis claster sampling,diketahui bahwa ada penurunan tajam dikisaran 35%-40% pasca pemberlakukan “Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB)” di seluruh bagian Indonesia.Tetapi,hal baiknya adalah tidak semua informan yang mengalami degradasi secara drastis yang berdampak pada perubahan pola pangan. Secara garis besar, mereka lebih berupaya untuk mempertahankan pengeluaran yang sifatnya jangka panjang seperti konsumsi terhadap vitamin dan obat-obatan.Selain itu, informanmengaggap bahwa sekarang perlu berinisiatif untuk meningkatkan pendapatan melalui pekerjaan ekstra sebagai upaya alternatif.
MONITORING EFEK SAMPING ANTIBIOTIKA YANG MERUGIKAN PADA PASIEN DI PUSKESMAS X
Authors: Nugroho Kartika Wahyu Putri
Published: October 2022

Antibiotik adalah obat atau senyawa alami atau sintetik yang dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme dan jamur yang mempunyai sifat menghambat perkembangan atau membunuh mikroorganisme Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat mempengaruhi timbulnya resistensi. Karena antibiotik dapat dibeli tanpa resep dokter, efek samping yang dialami pasien adalah karena kurangnya pengetahuan umum tentang antibiotik itu sendiri. Tujuan membuat artikel ini agar mengetauhi efek samping jika mengonsumsi obat antibiotik. Metode: metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah literature review. Sumber data pustaka didapatkan dari jurnal atau artikel yang di ambil dari sebuah pelayanan. Terjadinya Efek Samping pada pasien karena kurangnya pengetauhan masyarakat terhadap obat antibiotik itu sendiri, karena obat antibiotik dapat dibeli tanpa resep dokter. Antibiotik yang dilaporkan yang menimbulkan efek samping adalah amoksisilin,kloramfenikol, eritromisin dan sefiksim. Puskesmas merupakan unit pelayanan kesehatan tingkat pertama
Magija, preljub, silovanje, lukavstvo – oblikovanje rodnih uloga u Marulićevoj Davidijadi
Authors: Jovanovic Neven
Published: October 2022

Marulićev prikaz četiri ženska lika u latinskom epu Davidijada (oko 1517): prikaz vračare (V. knjiga), Bat-Šebe (IX. knjiga), Tamare i žene iz Tekoe (obje u X. knjizi). Pokazat ću što je Marulić dodao ili oduzeo u odnosu na biblijsko polazište, na koja djela rimske književnosti ukazuju pjesnički izrazi kojima se Marulić koristi, te kako ta antička djela doprinose karakterizaciji ženskih likova.
ARTIKEL KEMANUSIAAN YANG ADIL DAN BERADAB DALAM KONTEKS KESEHATAN
Authors: yuliana
Published: October 2022

Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam Pancasila. Kedua, menjelaskan konsep diskriminasi rasial dan dinamika permasalahannya di Indonesia. Ketiga, kiat-kiat atau cara mengaktualisasi Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam memerangi fenomena diskriminasi rasal. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Objek yang diteliti adalah Sila Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab dalam Pancasila dan fenomena diskriminasi ras. Diskriminasi rasial merupakan salah satu persoalan krusial yang sampai saat ini masih membayang-bayangi kehidupan masyarakat global. Indonesia sebagai negara Pancasila pun tidak pernah luput dari masalah tersebut. Persoalan diskriminasi ras di Indonesia memiliki dinamika sejarah yang cukup panjang. Secara umum masalah tersebut berkembang melewati empat masa, yakni; pada masa kolonial (penjajahan Bangsa Belanda), masa Orde Lama, masa Orde Baru dan pada masa reformasi. Eksistensi masalah tersebut dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, dan bernegara bukan hanya berimplikasi terhadap keutuhan NKRI, melainkan juga terhadap citra kemanusiaan (martabat) bangsa.
EVALUASI PEMBANGUNAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DAN KEAGAMAAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF RENSTRA KEMETERIAN AGAMA 2020-2024
Authors: Muzayanah Umi , Saimroh  , Marannu Baso
Published: October 2022

Buku ini berangkat dari hasil penelitian kolaborasi tiga Balai Litbang Agama, yang bertujuan mengevaluasi capaian pembangunan di bidang pendidikan agama dan keagamaan di Indonesia. Topik penelitian kolaborasi ini adalah evaluasi pembangunan pendidikan agama dan keagamaan berdasarkan perspektif Rencana Strategis (Renstra) Kementerian Agama RI tahun 2020-2024. Topik penelitian ini diangkat karena tahun 2020 bertepatan dengan masa transisi Renstra Kementerian Agama tahun 2015-2019 ke Renstra Kementerian Agama tahun 2020-2024 dengan harapan agar hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai informasi awal untuk memetakan capaian, dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor permasalahan dalam mencapai target pembangunan tahun 2020-2024.
Observing the Evolution of Argaric Civilization through the Mortuary Record
Authors: Izquierdo-Egea Pascual
Published: October 2022

This brief paper offers a preview of the analysis of a time series consisting of 6 chronological samples comprising a total of 57 Argaric burials from Southeast Iberia: Almería (Gatas), Murcia (Lorca), Granada (Cerro de la Virgen, Cuesta del Negro and Cerro de la Encina) and Alicante (Caramoro I, Tabayá and Illeta dels Banyets). The results obtained show the economic, social and political evolution of Argaric civilization from its beginning at the end of the second millennium BC until its final collapse in the XVI century BC.
Nardinus Celineus, De situ Iadrae (1508)
Authors: Jovanovic Neven
Published: October 2022

Nardino Celinese from Maniago in Friuli was a less known Italian Renaissance humanist and a magister publicus, a teacher in the local school, in Zadar c. 1508-1521. Nardino wrote in Latin. During his lifetime he published only three shorter texts; most of his works are preserved in a manuscript codex that is today in Osimo, Biblioteca Istituto Campana, ms. 18. L. 13. A number of Nardino's poems are dedicated to persons from Zadar (from the families Soppe, Detrico, Ciprianis, Gallelo, Benja, Grisogono) or to Venetian administrators of Zadar in 1510-1516 (L. Correr, G. Minotto, B. Bondumier, L. Michiel, F. Foscari, A. da Mula); the codex also preserves Nardino's polemic waged against his fellow teacher in Zadar Palladio Fosco (or Negri, 1450-1520).I will interpret Nardino's longer elegy (118 verses), ff. 67r-69v of the codex. The elegy bears the title "P. N. C. De situ Iadrae carmen ad Marium uatem celeberrimum strenui Bartholomaei Liuiani ducis Venetorum". I will show what we can know about the addressee and his patron (mentioned in the title), present the quite heterogeneous content of the poem, and explain its humanist aspects, from its learned allusions to its language and the way it treats figures of Greek and Roman antiquity. The text and commentary that I will use belongs to a digital edition of Nardino's poem that is currently being prepared.
PLAGIARISM AND BLAT IN THE ACADEMIC COMMUNITY: THE CASE STUDY FROM THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND
Authors: Kolodziej Lukasz
Published: October 2022

Plagiarism, data falsification, and fabrication are examples of academic misconduct. Protection of a plagiarist from legal and professional consequences of plagiarism is not possible without the contribution of some senior academics. Blat is a Russian term meaning using social networks to get things done informally. Thus, blat as an informal practice may play a role in the academic institutions responsible for dealing with allegations of academic misconduct against scholars and researchers. Professor Mariusz Cygnar is a rector of the State School of Higher Vocational Education in Nowy Sacz, Poland, European Union. Professor Cygnar was accused of plagiarism publicly. Inquires made upon the Freedom of Information Act into professor Cygnar’s case resulted in documents indicating on blat. For the first time, a set of documents translated from the Polish language into English, demonstrating the role of informality and blat, in plagiarism was made open for the international community.
Pelayanan Wajib Vaksin Booster di Publik Sebagai Syarat Akses Fasilitas Umum
Authors: Abednego Chris Setiawan
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe government has started to enforce a mandatory third vaccination policy or Covid-19 booster as a requirement for traveling and entering public spaces such as shopping centers, malls, and offices. The Minister of Home Affairs has also instructed all regents and mayors to implement mandatory boosters to access public facilities or public spaces in their respective areas. The instruction is contained in Circular Letter Number 440/3917/SJ concerning Acceleration of Advanced Dose Vaccination (Booster) for the Community.AbstrakPemerintah mulai memberlakukan kebijakan wajib vaksinasi ketiga atau boster Covid-19 sebagai syarat perjalanan dan masuk ke ruang publik seperti pusat perbelanjaan, mal, hingga kantor. Menteri Dalam Negeri juga telah menginstruksikan kepada seluruh bupati dan wali kota agar menerapkan wajib booster untuk mengakses fasilitas umum atau ruang publik di daerah masing-masing. Instruksi tersebut tertuang dalam Surat Edaran Nomor 440/3917/SJ tentang Percepatan Vaksinasi Dosis Lanjutan (Booster) Bagi Masyarakat
PEMERATAAN FASILITAS KESEHATAN MEDIS DI INDONESIA
Authors: hidayah Ananda nur
Published: October 2022

Fasilitas kesehatan yang ada di Indonesia belum benar-benar merata. Masih ada banyak sekali kawasan di pedalaman Indonesia yang membutuhkan fasilitas kesehatan, seperti puskesmas, klinik, tempat bersalin, ataupun tenaga medisnya dan alat-alat kesehatannya. Dari hasil studi seperti yang dilakukan oleh The Indonesian Institute, menerangkan bahwa masih ada beberapa masalah besar terkait layanan kesehatan Indonesia. Masalah ini meliputi persoalan infrastruktur, distribusi, dan pendanaan. Metode: metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam pembuatan artikel ini adalah literatur review. Sumber data pustaka didapat dari laman berita, blog pribadi, dan juga beberapa artikel dari Google. Hasil dari telaah tersebut, membuktikan bahwa dibeberapa kawasan yang masih terisolir di Indonesia masih kekurangan fasilitas kesehatan yang menyebabkan tingkat kesehatan di daerah tersebut masih sangat rendah. Kesimpulan: didapatkan bahwa persebaran fasilitas kesehatan di Indonesia belum benar-benar merata, karna masih ada banyak kawasan yang belum memiliki fasilitas kesehatan yang baik dan memadai.
Computer science and technology : historiography VII (2 - part three)
Authors: Akmut Camille
Published: October 2022

Neuromancer adaptation, Telecom dictionaries, Vernam's paper
MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 MENJADIKAN PELAYANAN KEFARMASIAN LEBIH INOVATIF DI BEBERAPA APOTEK DI INDONESIA
Authors: PRASETIO ANGGI NUR
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 telah mempengaruhi aspek kesehatan. Apoteker perlu merumuskan strategi dan inovasi dalam menghadapi pandemi ini untuk memberikan pelayanan kefarmasian kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak, pelayanan kefarmasian, dan inovasi pelayanan kefarmasian di apotek Indonesia pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara observasional dan desain cross-sectional. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan secara daring. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandemi COVID-19 ini berdampak pada (60,4%) pelayanan apotek di Indonesia karena terjadi peningkatan permintaan beberapa produk farmasi (suplemen, vitamin, dan alat kesehatan) yang dapat menekan sistem rantai pasokan obat. Pelayanan kefarmasian saat COVID-19 sudah diterapkan oleh beberapa apotek di Indonesia (31,25%, n=30) sesuai Pedoman Kemenkes RI terkait Pedoman Kesiapsiagaan COVID-19 Rev 02 Tahun 2020. Selain itu, beberapa apotek di Indonesia (71,88%, n=69) telah menerapkan E-pharmacy, pembayaran non tunai, layanan resep dan swamedikasi secara daring, serta pengiriman obat ke rumah pasien di masa pandemi COVID-19. Dampak pandemi COVID-19 pada pelayanan kefarmasian di apotek yakni penerapan e-pharmacy dan sebagian besar apotek telah menerapkan prosedur operasional yang sesuai.
Memahami kesehatan sebagai hak asasi manusia
Authors: fadila Adelia rahma
Published: October 2022

Kesehatan adalah salah satu kebutuhan dasar manusia. Begitu pentingnya, sehingga sering dikatakan bahwa kesehatan bukan segala-galanya, tetapi tanpa kesehatan segala-galanya tidak bermakna. Setelah lebih dari 60 tahun merdeka, kondisi kesehatan di Indonesia belum menunjukkan kemajuan yang berarti. Setidaknya demikian menurut pandangan World Health Organization (WHO). Dalam Laporan Kesehatan Dunia (World Health Report) yang diterbitkan WHO pada tahun 2001, derajat kesehatan masyarakat Indonesia dilaporkan jauh tertinggal dari negara-negara Asia lainnya, seperti Thayland, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, India, China, bahkan masih jauh di bawah negara miskin seperti Srilanka. 1 Dengan menggunakan indikator “umur harapan hidup”, WHO meletakkan derajat kesehatan Indonesia pada peringkat 103 dari 109 negara.
CuO-based sputtering of lead oxide memristor using thin film titanium Nanoparticles
Authors: Ruiqi
Published: October 2022

With the introduction of machine learning and deep learning, the world of artificial intelligence has experienced a drastic improvement in the performance benchmarks on various challenging tasks. These tasks can range from heart rate detection for healthcare applications of AI, to more traditional applications of AI such as object detection, speech processing and autonomous driving. However, the increasing complexity of deep learning models has increased the demand for more sophisticated hardware architecture which enables the full potential of such complex networks on devices with resource constraints. In this work, we perform dual ion beam sputtering and also fabricate a metal oxide memristor consisting of the format: Al/ZnO/Al. We found that our memristor displayed characteristics such as bipolar resistive switching characteristics. Moreover, upon investigation, we observed that a partially amorphous thin film of ZnO and the suitable number if vacancies of oxygen help greatly in inducing the memristor to have reliable and stable behaviour in the memory cell regions. Furthermore, upon further investigation, we found that the oxide ions in the lattice can play a significant role in changing in resistance of the memristor. The endurance of the memristor had good retention and reliable voltage difference for over 300 cycles.
PASAR UANG SYARIAH
Authors: ramdhani ulfa
Published: October 2022

Pasar uang merupakan keseluruhan permintaan & penawaran dana-dana atau surat-surat berharga yg memiliki jangka waktu satu tahun atau kurang berdasarkan satu tahun yg bisa disalurkan melalui forum-forum perbankan. Pasar modal syariah adalah suatu aktivitas yg dilakukan di dalam pasar modal sama misalnya yg sudah diatur pada UUPM yg tentunya tidak bertentangan menggunakan prinsip-prinsip syariah yg berlaku.
Resume Ekonomi Moneter "Pasar Uang Syariah"
Authors: Nurhayati
Published: October 2022

Pasar uang adalah tempat bertemunya pihak yang surplus dan pihak yang kekurangan, dan dananya bersifat jangka pendek, yaitu jatuh temponya kurang dari setahun. Pasar uang berbeda dari pasar modal dalam hal transaksi dilakukan melalui pertukaran atau Stock Exchange.
Patterning of adolescent sexual health competencies and sexual behaviour across friendship groups: A latent class and social network analysis.
Authors: McCann Mark , Mitchell Kirstin , Broccatelli Chiara , Purcell Carrie , Simpson Sharon , McDaid Lisa , Elliott Lawrie , Moore Laurence
Published: October 2022

Background: The traditional focus of adolescent sexual health research is on risk and adverse outcomes and on first vaginal intercourse as a portent of risk. This preoccupation with first sex limits research on social processes of sexual development and is out of step with the contemporary reality of young people’s early sexual experiences in which vaginal sex (if it happens at all) often follows a wide range of intimate and sexual experiences. Aim: With an innovative approach combining latent class analysis and social network analysis, we assessed how sexual knowledge, positive norm adherence, confidence and sexual activity are patterned across school-year social networks and explored the extent to which individualist and social influence theories could explain these patterns. Methods: We analysed cross-sectional survey data from 10 school year-group (students age 14-16) from the STis And Sexual Health (STASH) feasibility study. Students completed measures on sexual health knowledge, norms, confidence and behaviours, and named up to six friends in their year group. We used Latent Class Analysis to categorise patterns of sexual behaviour, and Exponential Random Graph Models to assess how sexual behaviour, knowledge, norms and confidence related to friendship ties.Results: Of 1,446 students 21% (n=309) did not report any sexual experience (inactive), 42% (602) reported some sexual experience but not oral or vaginal sex, and 22% (323) had oral and/or vaginal sex. Friendship ties were more likely between students who had similar levels of competencies (knowledge, norms and confidence). Friendships were also more likely between students who were sexually inactive (OR 1.73 95% CI 1.54, 1.95), and between students who reported oral/vaginal sex (OR 1.77 95% CI 1.46, 2.15). Active but not oral/vaginal sex students were slightly less likely (OR 0.86 95% CI 0.75, 0.99) to have friendship ties with each other.Interpretation: Our findings suggest that peer influence operating on sexual health competencies may occur independently of current sexual behaviour and there may not be strong naturally occurring social influence process to initiate pre-intercourse sexual behaviours. Our findings suggest that sexual health interventions acting on network influences are justified and that the focus of such interventions should shift from first intercourse to patterning of developing sexual repertoires.
Peran Semua Pihak Menghadapi Pengaruh Pembelajaran Daring pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 | Sakti
Authors: Sakti Bayu Purbha
Published: October 2022

Kedisiplinan masyarakat dalam menjalankan physical distancing berpengaruh dalam langkah meredam penyebaran Corona Virus Disease - 19 (Covid-19) tetapi masih banyak masyarakat yang belum disiplin menerapkan pembatasan interaksi fisik. Warga daerah pedesaan telah mempercayai adanya corona tetapi mereka sangat jarang memakai masker apa lagi jika mereka melakukan aktivitas di hutan. Perpanjangan Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM) yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah telah membuat para orang tua menjadi tambah bingung karena aktivitas pendidikan masih harus dilakukan di rumah dengan pendampingan orang tua. Peran orang tua yang minim membantu saat proses belajar mengajar secara daring telah menjadi faktor penurunan daya tangkap anak dan menjadikan menurunya kualitas belajar. Kebijakan menutup sekolah memiliki dampak pada anak-anak dan remaja di dunia sehingga pemerintah menyarankan respons platform pembelajaran dan perangkat lain seperti pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ). Internet dapat digunakan untuk menerima dan menyalurkan informasi baik melalui facebook, instagram, twiter, dan media lainnya yang dapat dijadikan sebagai media belajar yang efektif untuk mengembangkan prestasi salah satunya di bidang pendidikan. Berbagai aplikasi pembelajaran seperti classroom, zoom, atau whatsapp group ataupun platform sudah disediakan oleh pihak Google. Pembelajaran
KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT & LINGKUNGAN MASYARAKAT MENGANDUNG UNSUR SILA KE 2 KEMANUSIAAN YANG ADIL DAN BERADAP
Authors: Azizah Imroatus
Published: October 2022

I created this article to provide an overview of just and civilized forms of human values in COMMUNITY HEALTH AND COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT. There are many fair and civilized human values in COMMUNITY HEALTH such as background, cases/problems, how to fix it, and many factors that affect public health. The result of my article is that we must keep the community environment clean and free from any symptoms of illness and as fair and civilized people we must promote the environment of all communities so that it is clean, comfortable to live in.
Ketidak adilan pimpinan terhadap rakyat
Authors: Oktavia Putri Amanda
Published: October 2022

Meskipun trump memiliki jabatan yang tinggi dan mendapatkan pengobatan covid-19 yang baik karena sudah 3 hari berada di Rumah Sakit, setidaknya harus memiliki keadilan untuk masyarakat agar diberi pengobatan segera karena dampak dari covid-19. Banyak kejadian orang meninggal karena pengobatan yang kurang cepat, dan tidak tepat waktu. Masyarakat kecewa dengan tindakan trump karena meninggatkan masyarakat untuk memakai masker dan jaga kesehatan, tetapi beliau sendiri tidak mematuhi apa yang beliau katakan kepada masyarakat. Beliau membuat masyarakat Amerika banyak yang kecewa terhadap nya karena tindakannya.
Evaluating Informative Hypotheses with Equality and Inequality Constraints: A Tutorial Using the Bayes Factor via the Encompassing Prior Approach
Authors: Zandonella Callegher Claudio , Marci Tatiana , DE CARLI PIETRO , Altoè Gianmarco
Published: October 2022

When conducting a study, researchers usually have expectations based on hypotheses or theoretical perspectives they want to evaluate. Equality and inequality constraints on the model parameters are used to formalize researchers' expectations or theoretical perspectives into the so-called informative hypotheses. However, traditional statistical approaches, such as the Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) or the model comparison using information criteria (e.g., AIC and BIC), are unsuitable for testing complex informative hypotheses. An alternative approach is to use the Bayes factor. In particular, the Bayes factor based on the encompassing prior approach allows researchers to easily evaluate complex informative hypotheses in a wide range of statistical models (e.g., generalized linear). This paper provides a detailed introduction to the Bayes factor with encompassing prior. First, all steps and elements involved in the formalization of informative hypotheses and the computation of the Bayes factor with encompassing prior are described. Next, we apply this method to a real case scenario, considering the attachment theory. Specifically, we analyzed the relative influence of maternal and paternal attachment on children's social-emotional development by comparing the various theoretical perspectives debated in the literature.
On Subgrouping Continuous Processes in Discrete Time
Authors: Park Jonathan , Fisher Zachary , Chow Sy-Miin , Molenaar Peter
Published: October 2022

The vector autoregression (VAR) and its flavors have seen a boom in the behavioral sciences over the past decades due to their relative simplicity for analyzing N = 1 time-series and calls to bring the person back to the scientific study of psychology. The rise in N = 1 analyses is then met by a commensurate rise in methods attempting to reconcile person- and group-specific processes for diagnostic purposes and overall generalizability. While these methods have found great success in the last decade, some questions still remain. Some known challenges inherent to VAR-based approaches include the assumption of equal interval between successive observations, and potential inferential confounds when researchers encounter empirical time intervals vary within or across studies. All of these challenges can be ameliorated by fitting models in continuous-time. Yet, methods for finding nomothetic trends in idiographic processes are mainly developed in the discrete time framework. Building on the work of Molenaar and collaborators on subgrouping individual time series by means of the subgrouped chain graphical VAR (scgVAR) and the subgrouping option in the group iterative multiple model estimation (S-GIMME), we present results from a Monte Carlo study aimed at addressing the implications of identifying subgroups using these discrete-time methods when the underlying processes are continuous in nature, and providing insights to guide future design and analytic decisions.
Evaluating the Role of Social Interactions and Shame in Self-Injurious Behaviors using Ecological Momentary Assessment: Feasibility and Preliminary Evaluation
Authors: Ruork Allison K. , Hazlett-Stevens Holly , Fruzzetti Alan E.
Published: October 2022

Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) are increasingly prevalent in the United States. The transactional model of emotion dysregulation provides a framework for understanding the development and maintenance of such behaviors and suggests that shame and self-invalidation following invalidation from others play significant roles. A comprehensive evaluation of this model would include real-time, in-vivo assessment. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) can be used to assess the moment to moment social responses and subsequent private experiences that may contribute to SITBs. The present study evaluated the feasibilityand acceptability of using EMA methods to test the relationship among antecedent social invalidation and subsequent shame, self-invalidation, and SITBs. Results suggest that procedures were generally acceptable and feasible, though EMA procedures had somewhat low compliance. Preliminary analyses of study variables suggest that social invalidation was significantly associated with subsequent self-invalidation and shame. Social invalidation, self-invalidation and shame were also significantly associated with NSSI urges, but not suicide urges. Shame partially mediated the relationship between social invalidation and NSSI, but self-invalidation did not, and neither was a significant direct predictor of suicide urges. This study is a first step at examining the inter- and intra-personal links among social invalidation, self-invalidation, shame and SITBs in real time.
Acetylcholine modulates the temporal dynamics of human theta oscillations during memory
Authors: Gedankien Tamara , Tan Ryan Joseph , Qasim Salman Ehtesham , Jacobs Joshua , Lega Bradley
Published: October 2022

The cholinergic system is essential for memory. While degradation of cholinergic pathways characterizes memory-related disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, the neurophysiological mechanisms linking the cholinergic system to human memory remain unknown. Here, combining intracranial brain recordings with pharmacological manipulation, we describe the neurophysiological effects of a cholinergic blocker, scopolamine, in the human hippocampal formation during episodic memory. We found that the memory impairment caused by scopolamine was coupled to disruptions of both the amplitude and phase alignment of theta oscillations (2–10 Hz) during encoding. Across individuals, the severity of theta phase disruption correlated with the magnitude of memory impairment. Further, cholinergic blockade disrupted connectivity within the hippocampal formation. Our results indicate that cholinergic circuits support human episodic memory by coordinating the timing of theta oscillations across the hippocampal formation. These findings expand our mechanistic understanding of the neurophysiology of human memory and offer insights into potential treatments for memory-related disorders.
Mechanisms of Change for a Family Intervention in Kenya: An Integrated Clinical and Implementation Mapping Approach
Authors: Giusto Ali , Friis-Healy Elsa , Kaiser Bonnie , Ayuku David , Rono Wilter , Puffer Eve
Published: October 2022

To increase cultural relevance and maximize access for historically underserved populations, there is a need to explore mechanisms underlying treatment outcomes during piloting. We developed a mixed-method approach, Integrated Clinical and Implementation Mapping (ICIM), to explore clinical and implementation mechanisms to inform improvements in content and delivery. We applied ICIM in a pilot of Tuko Pamoja, a lay counselor-delivered family intervention in Kenya (10 families with adolescents ages 12-17). ICIM is a 3-phase process to triangulate data sources to analyze how and why change occurs within individual cases and across cases. We synthesized data from session and supervision transcripts, fidelity and clinical skills ratings, surveys, and interviews. Outputs included a comprehensive narrative and visual map depicting how content and implementation factors influenced change. For Tuko Pamoja, ICIM results showed common presenting problems, including financial strain and caregivers’ distress, triggering negative interactions and adolescent distress. ICIM demonstrated that active treatment ingredients included communication skills and facilitated, prescribed time together. Families improved communication, empathy, and hope, facilitated improved family functioning and mental health. Key implementation mechanisms included provider clinical competencies, alliance-building, treatment-aligned adaptations, and consistent attendance. Results guided manual and training refinements and generated hypotheses about mechanisms to test in larger trials.
Daily Dynamics of Parental Mental Health: Investigating Depressive Symptoms and Negative Parental Experiences
Authors: Skjerdingstad Nora , Johnson Miriam S. , Johnson Sverre Urnes , Hoffart Asle , Ebrahimi Omid V.
Published: October 2022

Background: Investigating psychopathological processes and how these are connected to psychiatric symptoms is important to understand how disorder states emerge and are maintained over time. Focusing on within-person relationships between variables further allows investigation of how these relations on average unfold within individuals. Methods: This preregistered intensive longitudinal study investigates connections between depressive symptoms, psychopathological processes, and negative parental experiences. Daily observations from 1036 parents were retrieved from two 40-day periods during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data was modelled using multilevel dynamic network analysis, unveiling across-day associations and contemporaneous interactions within the same time window. Results: On an across-day basis, helplessness was strongly interwoven with and predictive of the cognitive-affective features of depression and the other psychopathological processes. Being overwhelmed by the parental role (parenting stress) and emotionally drained as a parent (parental burnout) reciprocally reinforced each other from one day to the next, indicating how these components can manifest as a vicious loop over time. Finally, depressive symptomatology and negative parental experiences displayed within-day connections, with emotion regulation difficulties being connected to all parental components. Conclusions: The findings suggest that vicious cycles between helplessness and worthlessness predict the prolonged experience of depressed states in parents and that elevations in parenting stress and parental burnout reinforce each other over time.
Subgrouping with Chain Graphical VAR Models
Authors: Park Jonathan JaeHong , Chow Sy-Miin , Epskamp Sacha , Molenaar Peter
Published: October 2022

Recent years have seen the emergence of an "idio-thetic" class of methods to bridge the gap between nomothetic and idiographic inference. These methods describe nomothetic trends in idiographic processes by pooling intraindividual information across individuals to inform group-level inference or vice versa. The current work introduces a novel "idio-thetic" model: the subgrouped chain graphical vector autoregression (scGVAR). The scGVAR is unique in its ability to identify subgroups of individuals who share common dynamic network structures in both lag(1) and contemporaneous effects. Results from Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the scGVAR shows promise over similar approaches when clusters of individuals differ in their contemporaneous dynamics and in showing increased sensitivity in detecting nuanced group differences while keeping Type-I error rates low. In contrast, a competing approach–the Alternating Least Squares VAR (ALS VAR) performs well when groups were separated by larger distances. Further considerations are provided regarding applications of the ALS VAR and scGVAR on real data and the strengths and limitations of both methods.
Effects of adult age and functioning of the locus coeruleus norepinephrinergic system on reward-based learning
Authors: Chen Hsiang-Yu , Marxen Michael , Dahl Martin J. , Glöckner Franka
Published: October 2022

Age-related impairments in value representations and updating during decision-making and reward-based learning are often related to age-related attenuation in the catecholamine system. However, it is unclear to what extent age-related declines of norepinephrine (NE) functioning in humans affect reward-based decision-making. In this study, we conducted a probabilistic decision-making task and applied a Q-learning model to investigate individual participants’ anticipatory values and value sensitivities. Task-related pupil dilations and locus coeruleus (LC)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast, which served as windows of the LC-NE functions, were assessed in younger and older adults. Results showed that in both choice and feedback phases, younger adults’ pupil dilations negatively correlated with anticipatory values, indicating uncertainty about outcome probabilities. Moreover, only younger individuals who showed higher sensitivities to reward probabilities exhibited larger uncertainty-evoked pupil dilations in both phases. Uncertainty-evoked pupil dilations in older adults were smaller, indicating age-related impairments in value estimation and updating. Although older adults showed lower LC-MRI contrast than younger adults, there was no relationship between value sensitivity and LC-MRI contrast in our present samples. These findings suggest that task-related pupillary responses, which might serve as an indicator of task-related NE functioning, can track age-related deficits in value estimation and updating during reward-based decision-making. Nevertheless, our evidence with the LC-MRI contrast was not able to support the direct association with the age-related decline of LC-NE functioning. Future research using pharmacological intervention or neuromodulator imaging is needed to clarify age-related changes of the LC-NE system in reward-based learning.
First-generation students’ educational outcomes: the role of parental educational, cultural, and economic capital - a 9-years panel study
Authors: Barsegyan Vardan , Maas Ineke
Published: October 2022

We examined the role of parental educational, cultural, and economic capital in differences between first-generation students’ (FGS) and continuous-generation students’ (CGS) educational outcomes: enrollment in a selective university, university performance, the probability of dropout, and the probability of pursuing a master’s or PhD program. We analyzed data from nine waves of a cohort of 5,000 Russian students surveyed yearly from 2012 to 2020. We applied structural equation modeling that allowed to conduct a multiple multivariate regression analysis and to correct for measurement error. We found that FGS are 10.8 percentage points less likely to choose a selective university and are 10.7 percentage points less likely to choose to follow a graduate program. But they do not differ from CGS in university performance and the likelihood of dropout. FGS are clearly positively selected on capitals and performance, but they still have on average less parental capital and worse school performance than CGS. Parental educational and cultural capitals partly explain the differences in educational outcomes between FGS and CGS, because they improve school and university performance. Cultural capital is an especially important mediator for choosing a selective university, while educational capital is important for the other three educational outcomes. Parental economic capital plays no role in explaining educational differences between FGS and CGS. Generally, FGS and CGS benefit equally from parental capital, except FGS profiting less from parental educational capital when entering a graduate program.