bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dimensiones del modelo sistémico para el diagnóstico de la gestión de la comunicación de gobierno
Authors: Cárdenas Ruiz Juan David , Espitia Murcia Cindy Vanessa , Hernández Rodríguez Juan Camilo , Gómez Giraldo Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

Los tiempos de incertidumbre y de riesgos ponen a prueba la capacidad de los gobiernos y los gobernantes para actuar en medio de la contingencia, de forma que se superen, además de los problemas políticos, las crisis de comunicación. Lamentablemente, muy pocos jefes de gobierno salen airosos de tal prueba y, cuando no es ese el caso, solo queda el lamento “hicimos una buena gestión, pero no supimos comunicarla”. Este capítulo, eje central del libro, propone un modelo de gestión que parte del diagnóstico de la estructura y del funcionamiento de los procesos comunicativos de la institución pública para identificar, de manera profunda, crítica y propositiva, las oportunidades de mejora en las dinámicas de la gestión de la comunicación; además, como resultado se implementen las reformas necesarias en la estructura, las rutinas, las metodologías y los procesos a nivel interno. Esta propuesta nace de la experimentación práctica que desde el año 2015 ha realizado un equipo de profesores del Departamento de Comunicación Pública de la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad de La Sabana en diferentes entidades públicas de orden internacional, nacional, regional y local. En él se invita a quienes trabajan en las lides de la comunicación de gobierno a retornar a los principios básicos y, desde los conceptos de origen, dar prioridad a la planeación estratégica, con el fin de hacer posible la satisfacción de las necesidades colectivas.
ESTRUCTURA DEL CORONAVIRUS 2 DEL SÍNDROME RESPIRATORIO AGUDO GRAVE
Authors: RAMÍREZ-HERNÁNDEZ ALMA AURORA , VELÁZQUEZ-ENRIQUEZ JUAN MANUEL , SANTOS-ÁLVAREZ JOVITO CÉSAR , BALTIERREZ-HOYOS RAFAEL
Published: September 2021

Viruses are microscopic infectious particles of variable size between 20 and 300 nanometers, they replicate inside the host cell which they parasitize and destroy. Three viruses have crossed the species barrier, causing pneumonia deaths in humans since the early 21st century: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2, a novel β-coronavirus that is associated with an outbreak of disease called COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is a virus formed from a single strand of positive-sense, nonsegmented, enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA). It is associated with an outbreak of coronavirus disease that has affected more than 3 million 582,469 people and killed more than 251,510 of those infected in 187 countries. SARS-CoV-2 was first found in a sample obtained from a person with pneumonia who worked in the Wuhan seafood market; it was detected to be 29.9 kilobases (kb) long and to have a structure consisting of four major proteins: the spicule glycoprotein (S), the small envelope glycoprotein (E), the membrane glycoprotein (M) and the nucleocapsid protein (N). Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of coronavirus infections highlights the importance of studying virus-host interactions at the molecular level to identify viral determinants in disease development. In this review, we summarize the structure composition of SARS-CoV-2.
O ofício das parteiras em Nova Esperança do Sul, RS: Relato sobre seus saberes e suas práticas
Authors: Delevati Ben Franciele , Lampert Batista Natália
Published: September 2021

O presente relato tem como objetivo de entender um pouco mais a respeito das parteiras e seu ofício e suas tradições, crendices, práticas e costumes, pois tais são de fundamental importância para as mulheres, numa época em que os recursos médicos eram quase inexistentes. A pesquisa qualitativa, foi realizada mediante entrevistas no município de Nova Esperança do Sul (NES), Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O ofício de parteira marcou a territorialidade e auxiliou forjar a identidade de NES, tendo essa personagem histórica como uma das principais vias de reconhecimento do papel social da mulher no lugar naquele período. Pensar o ofício das parteiras, a luz da Geografia Cultural, nos faz entender como elas podem contribuir com a organização do espaço, bem como ressalta que conhecer personagens históricos locais, que deixaram grandes legados e fizeram a diferença na vida de inúmeras mulheres e famílias, é um ato de valorização e reconhecimento.
Educational Learning Theories & Their Implications in Modern Instructional Designs
Authors: Waseem Talat , Aslam Fatima
Published: September 2021

In an era of exponential growth of medical knowledge, it is becoming increasingly important to adopt modern learning techniques which stem from modern educational theories. There is a paradigm shift from classical behaviorism towards a constructivist approach in which student more actively participates and learns at the higher Bloom’s Taxonomy level. The purpose of this review is to understand the role of various educational theories which form the basis of modern curricula in a medical school environment and promote understanding in this regard. This review gives a brief historical perspective of various education theories and focuses on current educational theories which matter in our current constructivist educational environment.
Interprofessional Education: Are we ready for it?
Authors: Mian Rabbia Qadeer
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Pakistan is a developing country with rich cultural values. With increased urban development and high workforce demands in the labor market during the last two decades, we have seen a positive shift in the stereotypical paradigm with an immense influx of female students in all fields of education including medicine. Although there is increased representation of female doctors, their academic contribution and representation in higher academic rank seem scarce. Objective: In this study, we investigate gender differences in academic ranks and research in renowned Medical Institutions of Pakistan.Methods: Websites of three institutions were used to identify male and female faculty members, their respective publications were counted using “Pakmedinet.com” and “Scholar.google.com”.Results: A one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the male-female ratio at higher academic ranks. This ratio drastically increases at the Full Professor level where males are three times more than female Professors. ANOVA results also show that publications by male faculty members are significantly higher than females. Even on the same rank, women have not published their work in the same capacity as men.Conclusion: The results are in alignment with several previous studies that indicate gender disparities between males and females especially as they climb up the academic ladder. Publications are a measure of academic productivity. This study suggests that although female representation as faculty members have increased over the years, their lack of frequent publications might be a factor that hinders women in advancing in academic ranks.

Keywords: Interprofessional education, Postgraduates, Interprofessional learning, Teamwork, Collaboration, Roles and Responsibilities.
Employee and Organisational Performance: Employees Perception of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Rewards System.
Authors: Emmanuel Noko , Nwuzor Joseph
Published: September 2021

The study aimed to evaluate the perception of employees on both intrinsic and extrinsic reward system and whether reward system impact their performance and the organization performance at large. To achieve the objective, the study employed Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) approach to test six hypothesis. The study sampled 400 employee of Zenith Bank Plc using questionnaire send to the respondent emails. PLS-SEM result revealed that both extrinsic and intrinsic rewards have positive and significant impact on employee performance, although, extrinsic appear more potent than intrinsic rewards. It was further revealed that three of the four measure of employee performance; quality job, effective service delivery, customer rating has positive significant with organization performance while time management was unable to explain organization performance. We discovered also that gender does not play any significant role on employee performance, but age does. The study therefore concluded that rewards play an important role in both employee performance and organization performance.
Museu Virtual do Turismo: o que podemos aprender com a experiência portuguesa?
Authors: Hallal Dalila Rosa , Guimarães Valéria Lima
Published: September 2021

Este artigo aborda a experiência do MUVITUR - Museu Virtual do Turismo da Escola Superior de Hotelaria e Turismo do Estoril (ESHTE), como uma contribuição para o debate sobre a possibilidade de implementação de um museu dessa natureza no Brasil. O trabalho tem por objetivos apresentar a experiência portuguesa, destacar alguns acervos relevantes de instituições brasileiras que podem ajudar a compor um futuro Museu Virtual do Turismo no país e estimular os pares acadêmicos e possíveis parceiros institucionais para o debate e construção de um museu virtual do turismo no Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, centrada na descrição e análise do MUVITUR da ESHTE e de iniciativas brasileiras de preservação e divulgação da memória do turismo. O referencial teórico concentrou-se na discussão dos museus no espaço virtual, suas vantagens e sua complexidade, utilizando-se autores como Schweibenz (2004), Muchacho (2005) e Navarrete (2019). Como resultado, foi apurada a relevância do Museu Virtual do Turismo para o registro e preservação da memória pública e privada do turismo e de suas práticas individuais e coletivas ao longo do tempo, para a produção da pesquisa acadêmica e como experiência de lazer e conhecimento para a sociedade. Constatou-se também que a memória brasileira do turismo é pouco acessada e que o país possui potencial e acervo para a criação da sua própria experiência, atendendo tanto os pesquisadores como também todo o conjunto da sociedade, na medida em que lhe oferece experiências de lazer e de conhecimento pelas lentes do turismo.
FORMULATION DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF FAST DISINTEGRATING TABLETS OF VALSARTAN: EFFECT OF SUPERDISINTEGRANTS
Authors: Kamboj Sweta , Kamboj Rohit , Kumar Guarve ,   Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
Published: September 2021

Oral disintegrating tablets are a novel attractive dosage form in which the tablet disintegrates or dissolves in the buccal cavity within seconds without the use of water. The major drawback in designing this dosage form is unpleasant taste and low solubility of active entity. Valsartan is an antihypertension drug used in treatment of high blood pressure, congestive heart failure (CHF) and post-myocardial infarction (MI). It is characterized by its bitter taste, which effects the patient’s compliance. Despite this, it belong to the BCS II Classification in which drugs have low solubility and high permeability. The aim of the present research work was to formulate orally disintegrating tablets of valsartan using natural and synthetic superdisintegrants. The drug was characterized according to different compendia methods, on the basis of identification by UV spectroscopy, pH, organoleptic properties and other tests. Drugpolymer compatibility was carried out by FTIR. The values of pre-compression parameters assessed were within specified limits and showed good free flowing properties. The data on post-compression parameters such as weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, water absorption ratio, content uniformity, disintegration time and dissolution was found to be within the prescribed limits. Batch F9 with disintegration time 24 sec was selected as the optimized formulation. Batch F9 was also subjected to stability studies for three months and was tested for its appearance, average weight, hardness, disintegration time, percent friability and its release rate, which were in prescribed ranges and satisfactory.
Pyrolysis Process of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) Conversion into Biodiesel
Authors: Irawan Bambang , Rusdianasari  , Hasan Abu
Published: September 2021

Biodiesel is a biomass fuel that can replace petroleum diesel fuel. One of the advantages of biodiesel fuel as renewable energy source that it is more environmentally friendly than fossil fuels because biodiesel significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels. FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) is a derivative product of CPO (crude palm oil) that has been treated both physically and chemically. The main advantage of FAME lies in the low content of impurities, especially sulphure and metal content. FAME comes from vegetable oil raw materials, which contain high enough fatty acids, around 61-62%, and nowadays, it is used as a mixture with petroleum diesel. The characteristics of biodiesel obtained from the conversion of FAME into biodiesel by pyrolysis at a temperature range of 160 – 200 oC indicate that the biodiesel produced is density 0.8475 kg/m3, viscosity 3.053 cSt, calculated cetane index (CCI) 48.5, flash point 59oC, moisture content 223 ppm, and sulphure content of 0.07% m/m. The results obtained are below the maximum limit of the specified biodiesel quality requirements.
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND ASSOCIATION AMONG SEEDLING TRAITS OF ZEA MAYS UNDER DROUGHT STRESS CONDITIONS
Authors: Haseeb A , Nawaz A , Rao MQA , Ali Q , Malik A
Published: September 2021

Maize is an important food crop for human and feed for animals or livestock. It is highly sensitive for abiotic and biotic stress conditions. An experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore for the determination of effects of drought on maize growth related seedling traits. Four maize genotypes/varieties viz., B-316, Raka-poshi, Pak-Afghoi and EV-1097Q were grown to evaluate the effects of drought stress. Four drought treatments were used including 20% irrigation water, 40% irrigation water, 60% irrigation water, 80% irrigation water, 90% irrigation water and control or 100% irrigation water. It was found that the genotypes B-316 and Raka-poshi showed better performance for all studied traits especial shoot and root length as compared with other two genotypes EV-109Q and Pak-Afghoi. The minimum effects of drought were reported at control and 90% irrigation water. The effects of drought were increased with the increase in concentration of drought stress. The adverse drought effects were reported under the treatment of drought at 20% and 40% irrigation water. The higher genetic advance and heritability was recorded for root length, shoot length, dry shoot weight and dry root weight. The significant correlation was recorded between root length, shoot length and dry shoot weight. The higher contribution for shoot length was reported for root length, dry shoot weight and number of roots per plant. It was concluded from study that the selection of maize genotypes on the basis of root length, shoot length and dry shoot weight may be fruitful to produce drought stress tolerance maize hybrids and synthetic varieties.
ANTI-BIOFILM POTENTIAL OF MENTHOL PURIFIED FROM MENTHA PIPERITA L. (MINT)
Authors: Ejaz R , Malik S , Ahmad M , ALi H , Choudhry S
Published: September 2021

Menthol, a bioactive compound of Mentha piperita (mint) with antibacterial properties was purified by column chromatography to determine its anti-biofilm potential. After phytochemical analysis, TLC was carried out using n-hexane: ethyl acetate: methanol: water (2:2:2:1) as the solvent system for ethanolic extract of mint. TLC achieved the maximum separation of mint constituents with Rf value of 0.68. A purified menthol fraction was obtained after silica gel column chromatography using four different eluting solvents. The menthol obtained was then used to perform biofilm inhibition assay to establish its antibacterial potential. Percentage inhibition was highest for bacillus subtilis (79.4%), as opposed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (33.6%) and the combination of both bacteria (20%). ELISA reader was used to measure absorbance at 450-620nm and 630 nm. Using 450-620nm filter the values for percentage inhibition lies between 48.6-95% for standard and crude menthol samples. Similarly, at 630nm the values of inhibition lie between 23.4-70.6%. This anti-biofilm property of menthol can be utilized in antibacterial drug formulations.
The religious prism of South East - Asia
Authors: Satyanarayana KVVS Satyanarayana
Published: September 2021

When two or more religious belief systems are combined into a new system, this is known as religious syncretism. It may also be defined as the incorporation of beliefs from unconnected traditions into a religious tradition. Polytheism and numerous religious affiliations, on the other hand, are seen as diametrically opposed to one another. These situations can arise for a variety of reasons, with the latter scenario occurring quite frequently in areas where multiple religious traditions coexist in close proximity to one another and are actively practised in the culture. It can also occur when a culture is conquered, with the conquerors bringing their religious beliefs with them but not succeeding in completely eradicating the old beliefs, and especially the old practises. Faiths' beliefs or histories may have syncretic components, however members of these so-labeled systems sometimes object to the label's use, particularly those who belong to "revealed" religious systems, such as Abrahamic religions, or any system that takes an exclusivist stance. Syncretism is viewed as a betrayal of the pure truth by some supporters of such beliefs. According to this logic, introducing a belief that is incompatible with the original religion corrupts it and renders it untrue altogether. Indeed, detractors of a certain syncretistic trend may occasionally use the term "syncretism" as a derogatory pejorative, meaning that individuals who attempt to adopt a new idea, belief, or practise into a religious system are really distorting the original faith by doing so. A fatal compromise of the integrity of the prevailing religion is, according to Keith Ferdinando, as a result of this development. Religions that are not exclusivist, on the other hand, are likely to feel free to absorb other traditions into their own systems of thought. Many traditional beliefs in East Asian civilizations have become entwined with Buddhism due to the assumption that Buddhism is compatible with local religions. The Three Teachings, or Triple Religion, which harmonizes Mahayana Buddhism with Confucian philosophy and elements of Taoism, and Shinbutsu-shg, which is a syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism, are two examples of notable concretizations of Buddhism with local beliefs. The Three Teachings, or Triple Religion, harmonizes Mahayana Buddhism with Confucian philosophy and elements of Taoism, and Shinbutsu-shg, which East Asian religious beliefs, practises, and identities (who, by any measure, constitute the majority of the world's Buddhists) frequently incorporate elements of other religious traditions, such as Confucianism, Chinese folk religion.
Rationalist Empiricism
Authors: Brown Nathan
Published: September 2021

Twenty-first century philosophy has been drawn into a false opposition between speculation and critique. In this important intervention, Nathan Brown argues that the key to overcoming this antinomy is rethinking the relation between rationalism and empiricism. If Kant’s transcendental philosophy attempted to displace the opposing claims of those competing schools, any speculative critique of Kant will have to reopen and consider anew the conflict and complementarity of reason and experience. Rationalist Empiricism shows that the capacity of reason and experience to both extend and delimit one another has always been at the core of philosophy and science, and that coordinating their discrepant powers is what enables speculation to move forward in concert with critique. Sweeping across ancient, modern, and contemporary philosophy, as well as political theory, science, and art, Brown engages with such major thinkers as Plato, Descartes, Hume, Hegel, Marx, Heidegger, Bachelard, Althusser, Badiou, and Meillassoux, while showing how the concepts he develops illuminate recent projects in the science of measurement and experimental digital photography. With conceptual originality and argumentative precision, Rationalist Empiricism is a book that reconfigures the history and the future of philosophy, politics, and aesthetics.
Inceptions
Authors: Ohi Kevin
Published: September 2021

The beginning is both internal and external to the text it initiates, and that non-coincidence points to the text’s vexed relation with its outside. Hence the non-trivial self-reflexivity of any textual beginning, which must bear witness to the self-grounding quality of the literary work—its inability either to comprise its inception or to externalize it in an authorizing exteriority. In a different but related way does the fact that they must render our lives and our desires opaque to us; what Freud called “latency” marks not only sexuality but human thought with a self-division shaped by asynchronicity. From Henry James’s New York Edition prefaces to George Eliot’s epigraphs, from Ovid’s play with meter to Charles Dickens’s thematizing of the ex nihilo emergence of character, from Wallace Stevens’s abstract consideration of poetic origins to James Baldwin, Carson McCullers, and Eudora Welty’s descriptions of queer childhood, writers repeatedly confront the problem of inception. Most explicitly for James, for whom revision, a striving to keep the work perpetually at the border of its emergence, was a fundamentally ethical practice, attention to inception is a commitment to human freedom; a similar commitment is legible in all the writers examined here. To experience this vibrancy, the sense that the work might have been, might still yet be, otherwise, it suffices, James reminds us, to reread it. Inceptions traces an ethics of reading, that follows from perceiving, in the ostensibly finished forms of lives and texts, the potentiality inherent in their having started forth.
Enablers and challenges of caring in the Intensive Care Unit--Part 2: In relation to nurses
Authors: Al-Shamaly Hanan Subhi
Published: September 2021

The concept of caring is vague and complex, especially in critical environments such as the intensive care unit (ICU), where technological dehumanisation is a challenge for nurses. ICU nursing care includes not only patients but also extends to patients’ families, nurses, other health team members and the unit’s environment. Caring in critical care settings is affected by enabling and impeding factors. To explore these enablers and challenges factors, a focused ethnographic study was conducted in an Australian ICU. The data was collected from 35 registered nurses through various resources: participants' observations, documents reviews, interviews, and additional participants’ notes. Data were analysed inductively and thematically. The study outlines comprehensively and widely a wide range of enablers and challenges affecting caring in the ICU - which originate from different sources such as patients, families, nurses, and the ICU environment. This paper is the second in a two-part series which explores the ICU nurses’ experiences and perspectives of the enablers and challenges of caring in the ICU. Part 1 was concerned with the enablers and challenges to caring that are related to ICU patients, families, and environment. While Part 2 introduces readers to the enablers and challenges factors that are concerned with the nurses in ICU. These factors include nurses’ educational backgrounds and professional experience, employment working factors, leadership styles, relationships, and personal factors. Nurses and other stakeholders such as clinicians, educators, researchers, managers, and policymakers need to recognize these factors and their implications for providing quality care, in order to enhance and maintain the optimal level of caring in the ICU.
Factors related to adherence to pharmacological treatment of people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Alencar Carla Siebra de , Negreiros Francisca Diana da Silva , Oliveira Shérida Karanini Paz de , Moreira Tatiana Rebouças , Aquino Maria de Jesus Nascimento de , Araújo Samila Torquato , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães , Silva Lucilane Maria Sales da , Souza Ana Célia Caetano de , Jamacaru Francisco Vagnaldo Fechine
Published: September 2021

Adherence is a key factor for the treatment of chronic conditions, especially if different drug administration routes are needed. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with adherence to pharmacological treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 173 patients with type 2 diabetes, using a questionnaire with sociodemographic and clinical variables and the Morisky-Green Scale. Multivariate statistics were used. The results show that the female gender (69.4%), elderly (59.5%), low education (62.4%), and ten years or more years of diagnosis (67.1%) predominated in the sample. People over 60 years old were more likely to adhere to treatment than young adults (OR: 2.57). Those who performed physical activities were more likely to accept treatment than sedentary subjects (OR: 2.04). In conclusion, the study shows a significant association between adherence to pharmacological treatment and the variables age over 60 and physical activity practice.
Role of partner support in psychosexual aspects of vulvar dermatoses
Authors: Adedipe Tolu
Published: September 2021

Women with vulvar dermatoses report a psychosexual effect due to the chronicity of symptoms and long-term treatment as the disabling nature of the condition impacts their sexual relationship. Partner role and support in the management of psychosexual impact are poorly understood and are not part of the routine care for increasing number of women with vulvar dermatoses. This paper provides an aide-mémoire for identifying patient concerns and supporting the partner. Holistic care of the affected women comprises assessment and management of the psychosexual impact of the disease on them and their partners through a dyadic or paired perspective. Limitations regarding the impact of increased virtual consultations, secondary to the recent global pandemic, and issues related to gender identity with sexual orientation are recognized.
Development of Communication Competence in Pre-Service Vocational Education Teacher Training
Authors: Etzold Daniel , Krüger Marc
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a seminar concept for the development of communication competence in pre-service vocational education teachers with the aid of video annotations, feedback, and peer microteaching. The seminar is offered within a teacher training program for students taking a master’s degree (MEd) in vocational education at the FH Münster University of Applied Sciences, Germany, and has been conducted three times. The advantages of the seminar concept are manifold. On the one hand, we create a learning environment in which students individually prepare and conduct five peer microteaching lessons in a row and receive prompt and constructive peer feedback on every performance. On the other hand, the quality of feedback improves so that our students are professional feedback providers by the end of the seminar. The provision of teacher feedback alone does not help our students become successful feedback providers. Nor, given the resources available at the university, is it a realistic alternative in terms of time constraints. In addition, due to recordings, the students gain a better insight into their teaching skills since their lessons can be observed and approached from an outside perspective.
Multi-parametric Dynamic Analysis of a Rolling Bearings System
Authors: Kydyrbekuly Almatbek , Ibrayev Gulama-Garip Alisher , Ospan Tangat , Nikonov Anatolij
Published: September 2021

A method for calculating amplitudes and constructing frequency characteristics of forced and self-excited vibrations of a rotor-fluid-foundation system on rolling bearings with a non-linear characteristic based on the method of complex amplitudes and harmonic balance has been developed. Non-linear equations of motion of the rotor-fluid-foundation system are derived, and analytical methods of their solution are presented. Frequencies of fundamental and ultra-harmonic resonances are determined. The intervals between self-oscillation frequencies are estimated. The dependence of amplitudes on the amount of fluid in the rotor cavity, the mass of the foundation, linear imbalance, the value of the stiffness coefficient, and the damping coefficient is shown.
Experiencia de aprendizaje con tecnologías digitales y su influencia en la competencia científica de estudiantes de secundaria
Authors: Vela Acero Claudia , Jiménez-Cortés Rocío
Published: September 2021

Estudios previos relacionan el uso educativo de las tecnologías digitales con la alfabetización científica, pero hay escasez de análisis que se centren en el impacto de la experiencia de aprendizaje con tecnologías en la competencia científica. Además, en relación con el género, la literatura científica es inconsistente. La investigación que presentamos es cuantitativa y sigue un método descriptivo con diseños comparativo y predictivo. Se busca la influencia de la experiencia de aprendizaje con tecnologías digitales en la competencia científica (autopercibida y observada) en las ciencias naturales de 160 estudiantes (80 chicos y 80 chicas) de educación básica secundaria en Bogotá (Colombia). Los hallazgos muestran que no existen diferencias significativas según género en la competencia científica, y la experiencia de aprendizaje con tecnologías digitales predice la competencia científica autopercibida. Los resultados se discuten con estudios recientes en torno a la formación científica mediada por tecnologías.
Technology as an influential variable in the development of dialogical learning
Authors: Palomares-Montero Davinia , Chisvert-Tarazona M.ª José , Del Campo Ponz Cristóbal
Published: September 2021

Schools have a responsibility to prepare new generations born in a globalized and interconnected world. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the role that technology plays in the development of dialogical learning in learning communities. We try to understand the influence that technology has in fostering communication and interaction in an educational project that presents interaction and words as basic learning tools. An instrumental, interpretive, and embedded case study is applied in which the communicative methodology is developed from interviews and two discussion groups. The singular case involves a rural school constituted as a learning community that is geographically split into two villages; each village has its own lecture room, one with technology immersion (A) and another with progressive incorporation of technology (B). The results show the influence of the technological factor in learning development that facilitates the creation of meaning; a pedagogical principle that learning communities develop to promote dialogical learning.
Challenges in LTBI care in the United States identified using a nationwide TB medical consultation database
Authors: Agathis N. T. , Bhavaraju R. , Shah V. , Chen L. , Haley C. A. , Goswami N. D. , Patrawalla A.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Identifying and treating individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI) represents a critical and challenging component of national TB elimination. Medical consultations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded TB Centers of Excellence (COEs) are
an important resource for healthcare professionals (HCPs) caring for individuals with LTBI. This study aimed to identify the most common clinical concerns regarding LTBI care and to describe epidemiologic and clinical features of patients discussed in these consultations.METHODS:
This mixed-methods study randomly sampled 125 consultation inquiries related to LTBI from the COEs’ medical consultation database in 2018. Text from consultation records were reviewed and coded to identify reasons for the inquiries and common epidemiologic and clinical patient characteristics.RESULTS:
The most common topics of inquiry for consultation included accurate LTBI diagnosis (36%), management of LTBI treatment-related issues (22%), and choice of appropriate LTBI treatment regimen (17%). Patients for whom consultations were requested commonly had another medical condition (34%),
were non-U.S. born (31%), were children (25%), and had a history of travel to TB-endemic areas (18%).CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasize the challenge of managing patients with either suspected or confirmed LTBI, highlighting the need for ongoing medical consultation support for
nuanced clinical and epidemiologic scenarios.
Revolting Things
Authors: Mullins Paul R.
Published: September 2021

Revolting Things: An Archaeology of Shameful Histories and Repulsive Realities examines a host of material things that induce anxiety, provoke unpleasantness, or simply revolt us. The book is a study of the contemporary world and its recent dark history that wrestles with how and why certain material things provoke strong and predominately negative feelings that are firmly rooted in contemporary political concerns. This book interrogates the physical and emotional experience of abhorrent things ranging from Confederate heritage to landscapes of racial violence and confirms the emotional, physical, and social power of material things. The book argues that our experience of difficult material heritage is emotionally rich, shaped by social circumstances, and reflective of deep-seated social and historical anxieties.
Chocolate Crisis
Authors: Walters Dale
Published: September 2021

Chocolate is the center of a massive global industry worth billions of dollars annually, yet its future in our modern world is currently under threat. Here, Dale Walters discusses the problems posed by plant diseases, pests, and climate change, looking at what these mean for the survival of the cacao tree.
Walters takes readers to the origins of the cacao tree in the Amazon basin of South America, describing how ancient cultures used the beans produced by the plant, and follows the rise of chocolate as an international commodity over many centuries. He explains that most cacao is now grown on small family farms in Latin America, West Africa, and Indonesia, and that the crop is not easy to make a living from. Diseases such as frosty pod rot, witches’ broom, and swollen shoot, along with pests such as sap-sucking capsids, cocoa pod borers, and termites, cause substantial losses every year. Most alarmingly, cacao growers are beginning to experience the accelerating effects of global warming and deforestation. Projections suggest that cultivation in many of the world’s traditional cacao-growing regions might soon become impossible.
Providing an up-to-date picture of the state of the cacao bean today, this book also includes a look at complex issues such as farmer poverty and child labor, and examines options for sustainable production amid a changing climate. Walters shows that the industry must tackle these problems in order to save this global cultural staple and to protect the people who make their livelihoods from producing it.
Das Fernmeldegeheimnis im Zeitalter der Internet- und Mobilfunküberwachung
Authors: Chadoian Satenig M.
Published: September 2021

Das vorliegende Buch behandelt das österreichische wie auch schweizerische Grundrecht auf Wahrung des Fernmeldegeheimnisses im Kontext aktueller staatlicher Überwachungstechnologien.

Der Einstieg erfolgt über die unterschiedlichen Grundrechtstheorien: Der Status quo der österreichischen Grundrechtskonzeption zum Staatsgrundgesetz wird erläutert und jener, der in der Schweiz herrschenden objektiven Auffassung gegenübergestellt. Ziel dieses Grundrechtsvergleichs ist die rechtsdogmatische Erarbeitung der Dimension des österreichischen Fernmeldegeheimnisses und letztendlich die Untermauerung der von der Autorin vertretenen Hauptthese, dass neben Inhaltsdaten auch sonstige anfallende Informationen bezüglich der Kommunikation (Verkehrs- und Standortdaten) von diesem spezifischen Grundrecht in Art 10a Staatsgrundgesetz geschützt sind.

Die Rechtsvergleichung umfasst darüber hinaus die unterschiedlichen Konzepte des Rechtsschutzes, legt die Vorzüge wie auch Schwächen der spezifisch schweizerischen wie auch österreichischen Systematik dar und bietet Lösungsvorschläge. Des Weiteren werden die jeweiligen strafprozessualen und sicherheitspolizeilichen Eingriffsbefugnisse in das Kommunikationsgrundrecht auf ihre Verfassungskonformität untersucht.

Thematisiert werden auch neuere technische Phänomene wie beispielsweise die Online-Überwachung und Online-Durchsuchung, staatliche Cyberattacken, der Einsatz von IMSI-Catchern, Antennensuchläufe oder die in der Schweiz weiterhin geltende Vorratsdatenspeicherung. Besonders kritisch zu würdigen sind die neuen (geplanten) nachrichtendienstlichen Überwachungsmaßnahmen in der Schweiz wie auch in Österreich, welche teilweise massive Eingriffe in die Grundrechte der Bürger_innen mit sich bringen.
Umweltschutz im Europäischen Agrarrecht
Authors: Mittermüller Bernhard
Published: September 2021

Die europäische Landwirtschaft steht vor großen Herausforderungen. Dieser Satz schmückt seit jeher die Reden Europäischer Agrarkommissare. Eine dieser Herausforderungen ist aktuell der Umwelt- und Klimaschutz. Doch mit welchen Instrumenten soll die Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik die Umwelt schonen und das Klima schützen?

Wie der Gesetzgeber dieser Herausforderung begegnet und welcher Instrumente er sich dazu bedient oder bedienen muss, ist offen. Der AEUV gewährt ihm große Spielräume. Angesichts ihres hohen Steuerungseffekts erscheinen auch die Direktzahlungen prädestiniert, zum Umwelt- und Klimaschutz beizutragen, da sie weitgehend alle Betriebe in der EU erreichen. Nur wenn Landwirte umweltschonend vorgehen und die vorgeschriebenen Auflagen einhalten, erhalten sie eine vollständige Prämie ausbezahlt. Dieses „Greening“ der Direktzahlungen legt das Fundament für ein neues Verständnis von Agrarpolitik: Landwirtschaft und Umweltschutz werden nicht als Antagonismen, sondern vielmehr in einer Symbiose gesehen.

Diese Abhandlung zeigt jedoch anhand der Direktzahlungen, dass agrarpolitischer Klima- und Umweltschutz rechtlich nicht grenzenlos möglich und nicht in jeder Form effektiv ist. Der Gesetzgeber wandelt am schmalen Grat zwischen rechtlich möglichen und ökologisch gebotenen Agrarzielen. Mehrere völker- und primärrechtliche Parameter determinieren dabei seinen Weg.
Anfechtung in der Konzerninsolvenz
Authors: Sonntag Hannah Maria
Published: September 2021

If companies belonging to a group become insolvent, the legal subjectivity of the individual group companies gives rise to complex questions of insolvency avoidance law. Regarding the relationship between the individual companies belonging to the group, a number of specific questions have not yet been clarified with regard to insolvency avoidance law. This work examines which characteristics arise from the particular group situation in the application of the insolvency avoidance law, and how the insolvency administrator can assert avoidance claims within the group, and thus against other group companies. Both the insolvency of the controlling company and that of the dependent companies are considered.
Die Aufklärung der Aufklärung
Authors: Kerber Hannes
Published: September 2021

Gotthold Ephraim Lessings doppelte Provokation als schärfster Kritiker des Christentums und zugleich Widersacher dieser Kritik.

Hannes Kerbers Studie erneuert den epochalen Streit zwischen Aufklärung und Christentum. Im Zentrum steht dabei die Doppelrolle Gotthold Ephraim Lessings. Denn der Dichter und Philosoph veröffentlichte mit den »Fragmenten eines Ungenannten« nicht nur die schärfste jemals in deutscher Sprache vorgebrachte Kritik an der Bibel und der biblischen Religion, sondern er widersprach dieser Kritik zugleich im Namen einer rücksichtslosen Orthodoxie. Lessings doppelte Provokation findet ihren publizistischen Niederschlag im »Fragmentenstreit«, der philosophisch vielleicht anspruchsvollsten, theologisch jedenfalls folgenschwersten Kontroverse im Deutschland des 18. Jahrhunderts. In Kerbers sorgfältigen Interpretationen von Lessings Schriften und der Schriften seiner Gegner zeigt sich der Fragmentenstreit als eine Aufklärung der Aufklärung, die die Herausforderung des Christentums in ihrer ganzen Radikalität sichtbar macht.
Marischa - Mehr als ein Wunder
Authors: Leetz Antje
Published: September 2021

Ein ungewöhnliches, leises Überleben.

Als geliebtes Kind aufgewachsen in Lodz überlebt Maria König (1921-2019), genannt Marischa, als junge Frau das dortige Ghetto sowie mehrere Lager. Als sie in Theresienstadt befreit wird, ist ihre gesamte Familie ermordet. Mit ihrem Mann Adi, ebenfalls ein Holocaust-Überlebender, lässt sie sich schließlich als überzeugte Sozialistin in der DDR nieder und lebt dort ein langes und - wie sie sagt - glückliches Leben.

Als Antje Leetz sie dazu ermutigt, ihre Erinnerungen in ein Mikrofon zu sprechen, damit diese nicht verloren gehen, ist Maria König fast 100 Jahre alt und lebt im Altersheim. Die beiden kennen sich schon lang, sind vertraut miteinander. Und so ruft sich Marischa das Erlebte in Erinnerung - teils zum ersten Mal. Sie ringt um Worte und Gedanken, sucht nach lange verdrängten Bildern, die hochkommen, wieder abtauchen. Im Erzählen entfaltet sich ihre Überlebensgeschichte - voller Verlust und Schmerz, aber auch Dankbarkeit, Lebensfreude und Humor - und ein faszinierendes Zeitpanorama.
Comparison of the Analgesic Effects of Ultrasound Guided Pectoral Nerve Block Type II and Erector Spinae Plane Block in Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: BİCAK Mustafa , SALİK Fikret
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To compare the effect of ultrasound guided Pectoral Nerve Block 2 (PECs 2) and Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESP) for post op analgesia in patients undergoing Breast cancer surgery
Methods: This observationally planned study included 40 patients over the age of ages of 18 who are of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-III and scheduled for elective surgery due to breast malignancy were included in the study. PECs 2 block was applied to the patients after the induction of general anesthesia in Group 1 and ESP block was applied to the patients after the induction of general anesthesia in Group 2. In the postoperative period, visual analog scale (VAS) values, nausea, vomiting and sedation score values and analgesic doses used by all patients in the post-operative period were recorded.
Results: Intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption was statistically significantly lower in the PECs block group than in the ESP group. Postoperative analgesia time was longer in the PECs group. The number of patients requiring rescue opioid in the post-operative period was statistically significantly lower in the PECs group. There was no difference between the groups in terms of complications, mobilization time, time of discharge, postoperative nausea-vomiting (PONV) and terms of sedation.
Conclusions: In patients who underwent breast surgery for malignancy, we found that the ultrasound (US) guided PECs 2 block achieved more effective postoperative analgesia compared to ESP block.
Λόγοϛ e Φιλία em Heraclito. Sentido e Função do Conceito de Φιλία na Filosofia de Heraclito
Authors: Mesquita António Pedro ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

In this article, we aim to offer a new overall interpretation of Heraclitus’ philosophy, through an analysis of his own implicit conception of ‘philosophy’, as it is insinuated in the few but important (and frequently underestimated) fragments where the word philia occurs (B87, B123). In these fragments (as in B54), a clear distinction between reality and appearance is drawn for the first time in the history of philosophy; and, accordingly, philosophy itself is hinted at as a direct ‘attachment’ to reality, beyond the appearances that conceal it. Using this result as a hermeneutic principle, a thorough survey of the most significant fragments is then proposed. The outcome of such a survey is, hopefully, the presentation of Heraclitus’ main doctrines as a coherent whole.
A Dialéctica da Verdade e do Sentido
Authors: Pacheco José António Leite Cruz de Matos ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

L’étude de la dialectique de la Vérité et du Sens chez Weil nous conduit, dans cet essai, à en visager pourquoi n’aurait-il pas élaboré une philosophie du sens de l ’être-là (ce que nous apellons ici, dans l’aception kantienne de la Kritik der Urteilskraft, plutôt que dans celle de Baumgarten: une réflexion esthétique), et quelle est la signification profonde de cette absence, étant donné que le sens constitue, selon Eric Weil, le fond et le fondement de tout discours, de toute philosophie et de toute vérité. On y cherche à montrer, finalement, l’impossibilite de cette esthétique: la proximité entre la philosophie et la poésie (poésie en tant que lieu-même de création de sens), chez Weil et selon lui, veut dire que le philosophe ne devra pas refouler la mémoire de la naissance de la philosophie à partir de la poésie, mais, aussi, qu’il ne pourra pas y parler philosophiquement, ou, donc, mettre en discours et en science - une esthétique, justement - ce mouvement de sens qui fonde le discours philosophique.
A Construção da Visão em Nicolau de Cusa
Authors: Blanc Mafalda de Faria ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

L’opuscule La Vision en Dieu constitue le point de départ pour une lecture plus élargie de la philosophie de Nicolas de Cues en tant que theorèse de l’Absolu, lequel, nonobstant son inconnaissance dernière, néanmoins se réfléchit en quelque façon dans la pluralité de la pensée humaine, qui dans et à partir du monde cherche à l’atteindre. Nous présentons dans ses principaux moments le processus gnosique de la pensée dans sa dialéctique de ascensus-descensus entre l’intelligible et le sensible, l’un et le multiple, sans oublier ni le côté mystique ni le côté déjà bien moderne de cette philosophie. Ainsi, nous exposons soit la méthodologie conduisant à l’intuition noétique de l’Absolu, soit les instruments conceptuels qui permettent à l’homme de se construire, en tant que microcosmos, sa représentation du monde. Pour conclure, nous soulignons le caractère déjà bien moderne de l’anthropologie du Cardinal, qui nous révéle bien le lieu historial de sa philosophie, à demi chemin entre le Moyen-Âge et la Modernité.
O Estatuto Predicativo das Diferenças em Aristóteles
Authors: Mesquita António Pedro ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

The aim of this article is to characterise the concept of difference in Aristotle, both as a predicate of the genus (differentia divisiva) and as a predicate of the species (differentia constitutiva). We then try to classify these two dimensions of difference within the framework of the predicables. The general conclusion is that the differentia constitutiva is an essential predicate, logically analogous to the genus in this respect, while the differentia divisiva cannot be located within that framework because the predicables are implicitly thought by Aristotle as forms of predication in which the predicate has an extension greater than, or equal to, the subject.
Da Igualdade. Peter Singer e a Defesa Ética dos Animais Contra o Especismo
Authors: Felipe Sônia T. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

This article both introduces and reconstructs Singer’s arguments in favor of the extension of the ethical principie of equality to protect the interests of sentient animais. The concepts of speciesism, suffering and the value of life, as well as the distinction between the life of a human being and the life of a person are specially considered in this reconstruction of Singer’s animal ethics and its utilitarian influence.