bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building of Fine-Tuning Mechanism Posture and Kinematics Model for Shield Segment Erector
Authors: Yuan Ying Chao , Zhang Yu
Published: March 2013

The fine-tuning posture 3-SPS-1-S-type mechanism’s kinematics model and position mechanism for segment erector is built by creating general stiffness motion and revolution motion’s posture parameterized representations based on the Lie groupoids theory’s kinematic synthesis, the duality between parallel mechanism structure and performance and PRY angle coordination system’s kinematics analysis.
Design and Research of Diesel Engine Governor Actuator Based on Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Wu Xiao Hong
Published: March 2013

A kind of diesel engine governor used in the combustion engine power station is introduced. During the governor designed and researched, 3D model of the governor is built, virtual assembly is simulated and appearance is evaluated used Pro/E software. The key part is also analyzed used ABAQUS, which is a kind of finite element software. Thus, all defects is deleted in the designing phase, lead time of the product is shortened, design cost is decreased, design quality is improved and the foundation is supplied to parameterization design and manufacturing.
Design of Elastic Cell in Pressure Sensor Based on ANSYS
Authors: Wang Zhong Ming
Published: March 2013

The design of elastic cell is the essential step in the pressure sensor production. To describe the relation of pressure with the strain, the stress distribution and strain of elastic cell with different shape is simulated, applying ANSYS tools in the 100MPa pressure. Then, an acceptable shape is produced and tested. It has the similar features with simulated result and works well
Illumination Design of the Computer Classroom
Authors: Cong Chuang , Lu Feng Hua
Published: March 2013

This paper carries on an illumination design about the computer classroom of Architecture and Civil Engineering College, Taiyuan University of Technology according to the rules of intensity of illumination standard value and lighting power density (LPD) stipulated in the Building Illumination Design Standard (GB50034-2004), and puts forward a feasible project in theory. In accordance with the test and subjective evaluation, it also puts forwanrd the effectiveness and feasibility of the lighting design project through theoretical calculation and actual circumstance in the classroom. This provides a reference for similar computer classroom illumination design.
Application of Additives in 1,8-Cineole Purification
Authors: Liu Ke Guo , Gu Li Li , Hu Hui Guang , Yang Rong , Tao Jun
Published: March 2013

The experimental studies for purification of 1,8-cineole by vacuum batch distillation as well as the application of additives in 1,8-cineole purification were carried out. There were two steps during the purification. In the first step, experimental results showed that the optimal operation conditions for purification of 1,8-cineole were the temperature of the reboiler at about 320.15 K under a certain vacuum degree. In the second step, the optimal operation temperature of the reboiler was 331.15 K. The optimal reflux ratio was generated finally. Vacuum degree was controlled between 1.1 kPa and 1.3 kPa.
Transient Flow Analysis for Horizontal Axial Down-Wind Turbine
Authors: Tsai Gwo Chung , Wang Yi Ta , Li Wei Shiue
Published: March 2013

This study is to carry out a transient flow field analysis on the condition that the wind turbine is working to generate turbine, the wind turbine operating conditions change over time. Purpose of this study tries to find out the rule from the wind turbine changing over time. In transient analysis, the wind velocity on inlet boundary and rotation speed in the rotor field will change over time, and an analytical process is provided that can be used for future reference. At present, the wind turbine model is designed on the concept of down-wind horizontal axis type. The computer engineering software GH Bladed is used to obtain the relationship between the rotor velocity and the wind turbine. Then the ANSYS engineering software is used to calculate the stress and strain distribution in the blades over time. From the analytical result, the relationship between the stress distribution in the blades and the rotor velocity is got to be used as a reference for future wind turbine structural optimization.
Parameter Analysis on Ultimate Load-Carrying Capacity of CFST Arch Rib with New-Type Dumbbell-Shaped Section
Authors: Sheng Ye
Published: March 2013

Experiments on concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) model arches with new-type dumbbell-shaped section have been carried out, concentrated loading at crown and L/4 section respectively. Applied with large general program ANSYS, a finite element calculation model was set up for the model arch, by means of this model the main parameters including arch axis coefficient, ratio of rise to span, slenderness ratio, and steel ratio are analyzed. Based on the discussion of influence of parameter variation on nonlinear characteristics and ultimate load-carrying capacity of model arch, the theoretical basis is established for the development of this structure and the conclusion can be taken as reference in practice use and further research work.
Study on Precision and Uniformity Evaluation Method of PEDOT/PSS Ink-Jet Print Film
Authors: Zhou Yi Hua , Qian Jun , Yu Xue Mei
Published: March 2013

PEDOT/PSS has an excellent performance in the electronic components and ink jet print has been used widely printed electronics. But the film quality of PEDOT/PSS produced by ink jet printers can be limited by many parameters and is very difficult to evaluate accurately. In this paper, we propose uniformity and precision as the key indicators and combine image processing method in to the evaluation methods. First we analyses the characteristic and limitation of the ink jet printer, and use image processing methods to evaluate the experimental data. From the result it demonstrates this new method is feasible, and can get more detail. And it can apply in the future dedicated ink jet printer study and quality detection
The Humidity and Temperature Control of Immersion Cycle Corrosion Test Chamber
Authors: Chen Guo Nian , Li Xiao , Fang Kang Ling
Published: March 2013

For immersion cyclic corrosion test chamber environment is complex, difficult to control humidity and temperature; this paper develops and designs a humidity and temperature control system. There are a fuzzy controller and an expert controller for humidity and temperature adjustment of immersion cyclic corrosion test chamber respectively in this control system. The actual operation has achieved good results.
Preliminary Study on Teaching Reform of Cosmetic Raw Material Science
Authors: Zhu Guang Yong , Xiao Zuo Bing , Zhou Ru Jun , Zhu Ya Lun , Yi Feng Ping , Niu Yun Wei
Published: March 2013

Cosmetics are manufactured from various raw materials based on rational formula. In order to obtain cosmetics with good quality and special function, cosmetic raw material selection is very important. The raw material selection is a key technique except for cosmetic formulation. Only structures, characteristics of the raw material were grasped, they can be used correctly and flexibly and new cosmetics can be developed. A suitable textbook about cosmetic raw materials written in Chinese is not available at present. Course construction about cosmetic raw material is needed and urgent. Therefore, a new course, Cosmetic Raw Material Science, is introduced in Shanghai Institute of Technology. It is a fundamental subject for students with major of cosmetics. The course contents and the teaching methods were described in the paper.
A Method to Extend TOPSIS for Fuzzy Multiple Attribute Decision Making
Authors: He Yuan Yuan , Gong Zai Wu
Published: March 2013

The TOPSIS method is developed for solving the problem of fuzzy multiple attribute decision making, in which the attribute values take the form of triangular fuzzy numbers. A new distance for triangular fuzzy numbers is introduced to measure difference between two alternatives. And we apply the similarity degree derived from the new fuzzy distance to design a model of TOPSIS. Then, we utilize the TOPSIS method to aggregate the fuzzy information corresponding to each alternative, and rank the alternatives according to their relative closeness. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the proposed approach practicality and effectiveness.
MCGS Software of Industry Control and its Automation Application
Authors: Zhang Xiao Lin , Liu Dian Wen , Fang Jian Jun , Zeng Shu Qin
Published: March 2013

The composition construction and characteristics of MCGS configuration software of industry control are introduced，the process of configuration with MCGS and main functions of the system is also described in details through the project study on grinding and classification system in mineral processing plant．Plant experiences show that the system has the advantages of high stability, high automation，convenient operating，and the system has widely the value of application and promotion．
Scaling of Engineering Image Based on Interpolation Algorithm
Authors: Wang Hui , Li Guo Jia , Pan Jun Hui
Published: March 2013

Before the large capacity and engineering image is analyzed carefully, which need to be effective scaled. The subsequent analysis and calculation to engineering image is subjected by image quality and scaling time. According to scaling research of large capacity engineering image, the effect for image scaling by various interpolation algorithm is individual analyzed, and more appropriate algorithm is selected. The experimental results show that the engineering image of best effect is got, when it is high-expansion scaled by double cubic interpolation, and the bilinear interpolation is more suitable for low multiple scaling image.
Study on the Reaction Characteristics of Directional Synthesis of α-Terpineol from Turpentine
Authors: Gu Yan , Zhao Zhen Dong , Song Jie , Li Dong Mei , Wang Jing , Lu Yan Ju , Bi Liang Wu
Published: March 2013

There was rarely high-purity α-terpineol or pure-monomer α-terpineol in China due to difficulty in isolating α-terpineol and γ-terpineol. Aiming at the separation problem, α-terpineol was directional synthesized by one-step method in a uniform system. The influence factors of stereochemistry structure, thermodynamic analysis and stability of reactants, products and carbocations were researched, conducting the experiments in optimal reaction conditions. All the influence factors about generating trend of objective product α-terpineol and byproduct γ-terpineol were discussed and the reaction mechanism was studied. This paper provided certain theoretical basis on prepare high-purity α-terpineol.
The Synthesis and Characterization of New-Style Anticorrosive Pigment Zinc Molybdate
Authors: Mo Bing Hui , Yu Yu Huai , Hu Rong Ping , Wu Liang , Liao Huan , Cui Xue Min
Published: March 2013

Making use of the amphoteric characteristic of zinc oxide and the weak acidity of hydrolyzed ammonium heptamolybdate, we synthesized high-purity zinc molybdate through chemical reactions. At optimum reaction temperature of 70°C, 1 hour of reaction time and reuse of mother liquor, the molybdenum yield exceed 98%. This process has no wastewater discharge, and the products can be easily filtered. The productivity is significantly increased.
Catalytic Decomposition of CCl2F2 over Solid Base Na2O/ZrO2
Authors: Liu Tian Cheng , Ning Ping , Wang Hong Bin , Ma Lin Zhuan , Li Bin
Published: March 2013

Catalytic decomposition of dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl2F2) in the presence of water vapor and oxygen was studied over a series of solid base that have different ZrO2 content using a fixed-bed reactor. CO2 and CClF3 were the main-products and no CO was detected as by-product. The decomposition activity depended on the calcination temperature and the Zr:Na. Calcined at 600 °C and Zr:Na=1:0.35 were the best catalyst preparation conditions. Adopting low concentration of oxygen and CCl2F2 and high concentration of water vapor is preferable to the achievement of high conversion of CCl2F2 and selectivity for CO2. The catalytic activity of Na2O/ZrO2 remained steady for 120 h on stream.
Boundary Element Numerical Method for Electric Field Intensity Generated by Ten-Needle Electrodes in Vacuum
Authors: Wang An Ling , Liu Fu Ping
Published: March 2013

According to the electric field intensity of ten-needle electrodes (OTNE) in vacuum, the discrete equations based on the indetermination linear current density were established by the boundary element integral equations (BEIE). The non-uniform distribution of the current flowing from ten-needle electrodes to conductive in vacuum was imaged by solving a set of linear equations. Then, the electric field intensity generated by OTNE in vacuum at any point can be determined through the boundary element method (BEM). It means that this method has an important referenced significance for computing the electric field intensity generated by OTNE in vacuum
Hydrolysis of PNPP Catalyzed by the Dodecyliminodiacetate Nickel(II) Complexes
Authors: Li Shen Xin , Hu Wei , Li Jian Zhang
Published: March 2013

One novel dodecyliminodiacetate nickel(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized, and these complexes were used as mimic hydrolytic in catalytic hydrolysis of carboxylic ester (PNPP, p-nitrophenyl picolinate). The analysis of specific absorption spectra of the hydrolytic reaction systems indicated that the catalytic hydrolysis involved the key intermediates formed by PNPP with nickel(II) complexes. The kinetic parameter of PNPP catalytic hydrolysis has been calculated and the activation energy for the catalytic hydrolysis is 1.174 kJ•mol-1.
Synthesis and Hydrodesulfurization Performance of Bulk Ni-Mo-W Catalyst with High Surface Area
Authors: Yu Hai Bin , Zhang Jing Cheng , Nan Jun , Geng Shan , Zhang Yu Ting , Shi Yu Lin , Qu Xiao Long , Liu Hong Guang
Published: March 2013

Bulk Ni-Mo-W hydrodesulfurization catalysts with high catalytic activity were synthesized via direct precipitation and controlled pH precipitation method, respectively. Analysis results shows that the preparation method has great influence on the morphology and pore structure, and further influence the hydrodesulfurization activity. The catalyst synthesized by controlled pH precipitation method has much higher surface area and pore volume, 132.9 m2/g and 0.30 mL/g, due to its developed porous structure accumulated by small crystal particles. The activity evaluation indicates that the bulk Ni-Mo-W hydrodesulfurization catalysts has good ultra-deep desulfurization activity of removing complex organic sulfur compounds, such as DBT and Cn-DBT.
Alcohol Interchange Synthesis of a Novel Titanium Glycolate
Authors: Shen Guo Liang , Ning Gui Ling
Published: March 2013

A much simpler and more straightforward method, alcohol interchange for the synthesis of titanium glycolate has been suggested. The method implied the reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate with ethylene glycol on heating in air. The thermal property of titanium glycolate was characterized by thermal gravimetric (TG) and Differencial Thermal Analysis (DTA) analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to confirm the conversion of crystalline phase of titanium glycolate from anatase to rutile. The characterization of titanium glycolate and products of its pyrolysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopes.
Esterification of 5-Norbornene-2,3-Dicarboxylic Anhydride under Titanium Catalyst
Authors: Park Sung Ho , Park Jun Seong , Ko Tae Won , Park Yong Sung , Woo Je Wan
Published: March 2013

Norbornene dicarboxylate was synthesized through esterification under titanium catalyst. The alcohols are 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, n-octanol, 3,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexanol, and n-decanol. The Structures of compounds were identified by 1H-NMR, and then components were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The yield and purity was over 90 % and 95 %, and color of compounds was colorless or light yellow. The maleate as a by-product was occured by the retro Diels-Alder reaction.
Esterification of Menthol and Lactic Acid by Silicotungstic Acid Catalyst Supported on Bentonite
Authors: Jin Jian Zhong , Sun Na Bo
Published: March 2013

The silicotungstic acid catalyst supported on bentonite was employed in the esterification of menthol and lactic acid. The main reaction parameters were silicotungstic acid loading on bentonite, the amounts of catalyst, molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature and reaction time. The optimum conditions were determined as follows : silicotungstic acid loading on bentonite 50 wt %, catalyst 1.25 g , mole ratio of menthol to lactic acid 1:1.1, reaction temperature 130 °C and reaction time 3 h . The esterification yield of menthyl lactiate was about 83.97 %. The catalyst could be used repeatedly for many times without distinct loss in activity.
Preparation of 2-Methyl-1,4-Naphthoquinone(vitamin K3) by Catalytic Oxidation of 2-Methylnaphthalene with Sulfuric Acid as Catalyst
Authors: Zhou Ming Hao , Yan Ting Feng , Zhu Hong Yan , Xiao Guo Min
Published: March 2013

The oxidation of 2-methylnaphthalene(2-MN) to 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone(2-MNQ, Vitamin K3) was accomplished in acetic acid with the application of hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The yield of 2-MNQ was up to 81.3% when sulfuric acid used as catalyst. The catalyst exhibits excellent substrate conversion and target product selectivity. Different parameters affecting the oxidation of 2-methylnaphthalene with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by sulfuric acid were described, such as reaction temperature, reaction time, dosage of hydrogen peroxide, and amount of sulfuric acid. Compared with the traditional methods for the preparation of Vitamin K3 with yield of only 30-50%, this method presented could be more effective, economical and ecofriendly.
Research of Copolymerization Kinetics of CO and C2H4 Catalysed by Palladium
Authors: Wei Wen , Chen Liang , Zhang Shi Ling , Deng Jing , Du Jia Yao , Gao Ling
Published: March 2013

A dynamical behavior about preparation polyketone from Carbon monoxide and ethene alternately copolymerization in methanol by catalyst cantained palladium acetate and DPPP was detailed represented in this paper. The synthesis mechanism of PK has been studied detailed, and a kinetic model equation is established, and the model parameter was determination. The product(PK) is not strictly alternating copolymerization, and their molecule chain cantained main -(CH2CH2CO)n-, and presence of a small amount of -CH2CH2CH2CH2CO-. The results showed that dynamical equation of the CO/C2H2 copolymerization to PK have corresponded with experiment data very well. In other words the kinetic equation of CO/C2H2 alternate copolymerization by Pd(AeO)/DPPP catalyst can used to describe their reaction behavior.
Evaluation of the Role of Surfactant on the Surface Characterisation of Coal
Authors: Gong Liang , Yang Zhi Yuan , Long Jiang
Published: March 2013

The surfaces of three China coals varying widely in coal type(Baode,Xiangshan,Jincheng) have been modified by adsorption of three surfactants( Sodium dodecyl sulfate,Polyethoxylated fatty alcohols,Alkyl phenol gather oxygen vinyl ether).The impact about coals of the surfactant has been explored by correlating three chemical characterisation techniques.Changes in coal surface hydrophobicity were assessed using contact angle measurements at the coal/water interface.The largest variation in zeta potential resulting from addition of surfactants was seen for the higher rank coals.The Specific surface area decreased when surfactants were present.
Optimization of Compressed Air Energy Storage System Parameters
Authors: Liu Guang Lin , Lu Yuan Wei , Xu Jin Liang , Zhang Bing , Zhang Wei
Published: March 2013

In this current paper, the influence of system efficiency and system parameters for simple compressed energy storage system were studied. EES software is used to simulate the pressure of system and efficiency of compressors, expanders, and pump for getting the optimal parameters of system. The results show that: for the simple system, when the expander inlet pressure is 6000kPa and compressor outlet pressure is 4000kPa, the system efficiency could get the maximum, and it is 76.2%. It is a better way for improving the efficiency of compressor and expander than the pump for system performance.
Reactors Used for Catalytic Combustion of Methane
Authors: Wang Fen Fen , Fu Rui , Hu Rui Sheng , Ding Ran Ran
Published: March 2013

This paper introduces several kinds of reactors for methane catalytic combustion. Furthermore, we briefly summarize and compare advantages, disadvantages, research progresses and experimental applications of fixed-bed reactor, catalytic fluidized-bed reactor, catalytic reverse ﬂow reactor, micro-channel reactor and catalytic membrane reactor for methane catalytic combustion.
The Influence of Injection Timing on Emissions Characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine Fuelled with Pistacia Chinensis Bunge Seed Biodiesel
Authors: Xu Bin , Luo Li , Wu Jian , Ma Zhi Hao
Published: March 2013

The effect of various fuel injection advance angles on the emissions of an electronically controlled, high pressure, common rail, turbocharged GW4D20 diesel engine fuelled with different pistacia chinensis bunge seed biodiesel/diesel blends has been experimentally investigated. The results indicate that brake specific fuel consumption reduces with the increasing of fuel injection advance angle, and the BSFC of blends is higher than diesel. At 25% load, CO and THC are significantly reduced compared with higher load. The CO emission increases with the increment of fuel injection advance angle. At 75% load, the CO of B10 is lowest, B20 highest. At the same speed, NOx increases with increment of fuel injection advance angle for diesel and biodiesel blends dramatically. However, NOx of blends and diesel are deteriorated at high load, but there are no obvious differences among them.
Research on Fuel Migration Phenomenon in the Sintering Process
Authors: Mo Ya Ping , Zhu De Qing , Li Jun
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we use the research methods of sintering cup.On the basis of the determination of solid fuel particle size composition and the distribution in the mixture. During the sintering process, respectively, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min interrupt the test, by dectecting the distribution of solid fuel in the mixture to study the migration phenomenon of solid fuel during the sintering process. The results showed that: during the sintering process, the main migration of the fuel is the migration of fine particles, including the fuel migration of 0.25-0.5mm grain size, part of the 0.5-1mm grain size and a small amount of-0.25mm grain size,but most of the fuel migrated will be re-adsorbed, about 0.11% of the fuel with the air flow through the material layer, the migration of fuel to ease the state of segregation in the vertical direction along the material layer, so that cause actual participation in the combustion of the fuel content in line along the height direction of the material layer.
Improvement on Determination of the Components of Industrial Sodium Polysulfide
Authors: Huang Zhao Long , Feng Shao Ping , Huang Du Shu , Liu Gui Yang , Xiao Rui Min , Sun Li Da , Liu Wei
Published: March 2013

The analytical method on sodium sulfide, sodium sulfite, sodium hydroxide and sodium thiosulfate in sodium polysulfide solution was studied in this paper. The questions in concealing sodium sulfite by formaldehyde and precipitating sodium sulfide by zine acetate, a common method reported in some papers before, was discussed. The improvement on concealing Na2SO3 by SrCl2 instead of formaldehyde and precipitating Na2S by Zn(OH)2 instead of Zn(Ac)2 and testing concentration of NaOH in the mixture, was studied. The results showed that new method is simpler, more rapid, more completely and accurate, the overwhelming reason being that it had no effect on stability of sodium polysulfide.
A Novel Biomaterial from Acrylamide Graft on NaOH-Urea Modified Rice Husk
Authors: Zhang Zhong Qing , Zhang Chi , Lei Hong , Zhao Ling Ling , Yang Rui Huan , Shuai Chuang , Chen Ji Chao , Qu Peng
Published: March 2013

Rice husk is a plentiful agricultural byproduct. In this paper, rice husk (RH) surface was first treated by NaOH/urea into a modified-rice husk(MRH), then the MRH was used as a new template for polymerization of acrylamide(AM) on MRH, as a result, the product named as MRH-g-AM, was formed by the free-radical initiation in aqueous solution using ammonium persulfate as an initiator. The polymer grafted on the MRH was considered as a novel copolymer which was thereafter analyzed by FTIR and SEM. The product was washed thoroughly with distilled water to remove all unreactive chemicals. The results showed that MRH was successfully reacted with AM. The SEM images indicated that MRH-g-AM appeared distinct cracks and formed a loosen structure in comparison with RH, indicating the facilitation of heavy metal ion adsorption in the future wastewater treatment.
Chemoenzymatic Epoxidation of α-Pinene Catalyzed by Novozym 435
Authors: Zou Cheng , Liu You Yan , Qin Yi Ming , Tang Ai Xing , Lan Li Na
Published: March 2013

The synthesis of α-pinene oxide mediated by Novozym 435 (lipase from Candida antarctica) in a three-phase system was studied in this work. Novozyme 435 catalysed the formation of peroxyoctanoic acid directly from octanoic acid and hydrogen peroxide, which was then applied for in situ oxidation of α-pinene. The highest conversion of a-pinene (approximately 80%) was obtained when the reaction was performed at 30°C and initial hydrogen peroxide concentration in the water phase was set to be 30%. The parameters affecting the lipase activity were also investigated，where the peracid generated in organic phase was obvserved to greatly inactivate the enzyme compared to other components in the organic phase.
Causes and Removal of Daemonorops margaritae Cane’s Discoloration
Authors: Lv Wen Hua , Jiang Ze Hui , Liu Xing E , Liu Jun Liang
Published: March 2013

Through chemical composition analysis, scanning electron microscope observation, stain-fungi isolation from stained canes and their inoculation on unstained canes, as well as xenon light aging study, causes of Daemonorops margaritae cane’s discoloration were investigated. Results show that the yellow discoloration is mainly chemical photo-induced and the blue, brown and red stains are mainly resulted from the stain-fungi’s mycelia colors or secreted pigments. A treatment with hydrogen peroxide solution as main bleaching agent was explored. All the above discoloration could be effectively removed and renewed to be attractive lustrous yellowish.
Limit Test of Aristolochic Acid a in YishenJuanbi Pill
Authors: Qu Xing Cui , Ma Li , Han Feng , Gao Jing
Published: March 2013

We developed a HPLC method with high specificity and sensitivity for the limit test of AAA in Yishen Juanbi Pill. In this mothod, the detection limit for AAA was 2.216ng. AAA could not be detected in all the 3 batches of the pill which suggests that the pill prepared by the modified water extraction and ethanol precipitation method is safe for clinical use.This efficient HPLC technique is also proposed for the limit test of AAA in other preparations besides Yishen Juanbi Pill.
Study on Damage Detection of Bridge Based on Wavelet Multi-Scale Analysis
Authors: Ding Ke , Chen Ting Peng
Published: March 2013

The damage detection method based on wavelet multi-scale analysis is presented in the paper. The damage location can be identified by analyzing the multi-scale wavelet transform coefficients of curvatures of mode shapes. The extreme value of wavelet transform coefficients indicates the damage location. But it is difficult to detect the location of defect if the defect is near to the equilibrium position of vibration. In order to solve this problem, we put forward a method which is to add the wavelet transform coefficients of multi modals together. The method can effectively overcome the above problem. Three damage situations of simply supported beam bridge are discussed in the paper. The results show that the peaks of wavelet transform coefficients indicate the damage location of structural. It is possible to pinpoint the damage location based on wavelet multi-scale analysis on curvatures of mode shapes.
S7-13 Detecting Voids in Tendon Ducts of Post-Tensioned Bridge Girders
Authors: Dai Gui Hua , Zhou Xian Yan
Published: March 2013

The tendon ducts in post-tensioned bridge girders must be grouted fully so as to prevent water and oil stain from entering the ducts, which will decrease the durability and load-carrying capacity of post-tensioned bridges badly. This paper describes the motivations for and recent history of Impact-Echo (IE) scanning applications to internal grout condition evaluation of tendon ducts in post-tensioned girders. The tendon ducts’ internal injection quality of a railway bridge in Yichang city was evaluated using IE technology. During the in-situ testing, the IE signals were collected firstly, then the transformation from the time to the frequency domain was carried out using the principles of the fast Fourier transform, data interpretation was much simpler and quicker in the frequency domain. The grout condition of tendon ducts could be determined according to the frequency analysis, poorly grouted sections can be differentiated from the well-grouted sections within the tendon ducts. Results show that the IE method can be employed to detect voids in the grouted tendon ducts of many types of post-tensioned structures.
Research on Mechanical Properties and Engineering Application of Modern Timber Structure
Authors: Zhou Xian Yan , Wang Qian , Wang Zhi Feng , Zhang Zhong Feng , Cao Lei
Published: March 2013

Modern timber structure holds many virtues in the fields of construction, such as energy-saving, green, aesthetics, ect, superior to concrete and steel bridge. Meanwhile，it is the mechanical properties of timber structure that have been attracted much attention compared with other structures. It is not only glue laminated timber(glulam) but also tri-axial grids sandwich panels（TGSP）satisfy high load-bearing capacity and long-span requirements of modern timber bridge. As two essential parts of elements used as columns，decks in modern timber structure, glulam column had more full hysteretic curve with high energy-consuming ability and good seismic performance under reciprocating load was showed in this paper , and excellent compression property and bending property of TGSP were also studied . Finally, an engineering application was introduced. Filling the domestic gaps in bridge construction successfully, the first modern timber bridge in China has remarkable significant and greatly boosts the development of timber work.
Remaining Pre-Stress Identification of Diseased Pre-Stressed Concrete Bridges Based on Neural Network
Authors: Che Xiao Jun , Zhang Xie Dong , Yang Chao
Published: March 2013

According to experimental record of bridges in use, more and more damage bridges have appeared, and the most common and severe defect is the bridge damage and cracking problem, which has seriously affected the normal usage of bridges. Analyzing the disease cause of defective bridges more effectively and deeply, in order to optimize the design and construction of bridges becomes the urgent problem in the engineering field. The study is based on the design, construction data and experimental record of the bridge.A non-linear mapping function from multiple input data (the deck elevation of each element in destructing) to multiple output data(the change of pre-stress) is constructed within BP neural networks. Based on the theory of continuous function, the convergence is disadvantageous between 0 and 1. The study shows the expected output data between 0.05 and 0.95 are better for convergence. According to the real data of bridge floor line change in process of destruction, the released pre-stresses are recognized, and the real pre-stresses in existence are calculated by scheme of cable design. The study not only offers reliable scientific basis for analyzing the disease cause in the bridges, but also is helpful to design of the bridges having same structural style.
Reliability Analysis of Continuous Steel Truss Bridge Stiffened with Rigid Cables Based on Stochastic Finite Element Method
Authors: Liu Jian , Liu Yong Jian
Published: March 2013

To analysis the reliability of Dongjiang Bridge, a steel truss bridge stiffened with rigid cables, a new analysis method that combined with each advantage of some common reliability computing method was put forward, which could get the probability distribution and numeric attributes of complex bridge structure's response expediently, and then get the reliability index and failure probability. A stochastic finite element model was established to analyze this bridge, in which some parameters such as material, geometric dimensioning, loads, and so on, were simulated as stochastic variables. The analysis result show that the lowest reliability index of main member bar's stress is 5.10, more than the allowable value 4.7, and the corresponding failure probability is 1.71×10-7. The reliability index of mid-span deflection in serviceability limit states reach up to 6.99 and its failure probability is 1.53×10-7. All results indicate that the strength and stiffness of Dongjiang Bridge has higher reliability.
Impact Factors Study on Strength of Steel Tube Confined Concrete Columns under Axial Compression
Authors: Feng Hao Xiong , Yi Wei Jian
Published: March 2013

This paper describes principle and working mechanism of the steel tube confined concrete, to analyze impact factors of steel tube confined concrete strength. By the studies, presents several solutions to improve the strength of steel tube confined concrete, fully execute the behavior of steel tube and filled-in-concrete, strengthen the interactions between steel tube and filled-in-concrete to provide theoretical basis for the design and use of steel tube confined concrete.
Research on Strengthening Existing Bridges by Widening
Authors: Wang Guang Hui , Shen Lian , Wei Cheng Long
Published: March 2013

This paper aims to put forward a new method of strengthening the existing bridges with narrow decks and low bearing capacity to overcome the high cost and pollution problems in dismantling them. The method, strengthening bridges by built stringers and cross beams, is by widening some parts of a bridge. Based on the basic theory of finite element, we have set up an analysis model of strengthening the bridges by widening, which helps to demonstrate the rationality of this method. Meaningful conclusions have been drawn from the parameter analysis of the rigidity of the new widening stringers, the rigidity of the new cross beams and the relative settlement of the new and the old foundations. This method can be referenced by the reinforcement and maintenance of medium and small bridges.
Comparative Study on Shear Wall and Brick Wall Strengthened with Reinforced Concrete Splint
Authors: Kang Yan Bo , Huang Shi Min , Yao Qiu Lai
Published: March 2013

The test process and analysis of 3 walls and the expand calculation about walls are introduced in this paper. Through a series of low-cycle repeated load experiments, the paper do comparative studies on the seismic behavior of concrete shear wall and brick wall strengthened with reinforced concrete splint firstly. Because of the limitations of experiment, the study focuses on the unreinforced brick wall, the 120mm shear wall, the brick wall strengthened with double 60mm reinforced concrete splint and the brick wall strengthened with single 60mm reinforced concrete splint. On the basis of the experiment, we use the finite element software to establish a rational numerical model. Through the finite element analysis, the paper expands the calculation about walls and makes up for the lack of experimental research. Based on the analysis results, we get the conclusion that the reinforced concrete splint can enhance the seismic behavior of the unreinforced brick wall. Taking no consideration of structures’ integral stability, the seismic behavior of brick wall strengthened with double 60mm reinforced concrete splint is equivalent to the 120mm shear wall.
Experimental Study on Strengthening with Bonded Steel Angles for Reinforced Concrete Columns after Fire
Authors: Wang Guo Feng , Yu Kai , Li Jun Hua , Qiu Dong Liang
Published: March 2013

The mechanical properties of fire-damage reinforced concrete columns strengthened with bonded steel angles were studied. Nine specimens were tested, including three normal temperature controlled columns, six heated under ISO834 standard fire. After exposure to fire, three of the six were rehabilitated with the bonded steel angles. It was shown by test results that the destructive properties of reinforced concrete columns with bonded steel angles may change and the small eccentric compression specimens may become large eccentric compression due to the steel angles increased the amount of steel in the tension zone of the specimen. In this research, compared with these under normal temperature, the bearing capacity of specimens which were exposure to fire was only ranged from 0.25 to 0.37 times. But the bearing capacity of specimens rehabilitated by the bonded steel angles can increase to 2.86 to 4.04 times of the originals and it can reach to the level of that in normal temperature.
TDR-Based Shear Deformation Measuring System for Slope Failure Modeling
Authors: Xu Zheng Lai , Pierce Charles E.
Published: March 2013

Physical soil models are often used to study slope failure in centrifuge and/or shaking table tests. An important part of such physical modeling is to monitor the subsurface deformation patterns of failing slopes. As an emerging technology to monitor internal deformation of geo-materials, time domain reflectometry (TDR) has been successfully applied in field monitoring of unstable slopes. This paper presents the development of a custom-made TDR sensor and its application in a 1-g slope failure model test. The test results show that the TDR system is capable of capturing localized shear deformation in small soil models. Trial studies of using the TDR system in centrifuge and shaking table experiments demonstrate that the system has the potential of being successfully applied in centrifuge and shaking table testing.
Dynamic Responses of the Beam Bridge under Moving Vehicular Loads
Authors: Yin Xin Feng , Zhang Lei , Cai C.S. , Liu Yang
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a new method to study the impact factor of an old bridge strengthened with high strength materials based on the model updating technique. Using the genetic algorithm (GA) by minimizing an objective function of the residuals between the measured and predicted responses, the bridge and vehicle coupled vibration models were updated. Based on the displacement relationship and the interaction force relationship at the contact patches, the vehicle-bridge coupled system can be established by combining the equations of motion of both the bridge and vehicles. The simulated results show that the present method can simulate precisely the response of the tested bridge.
The Design Application of Steel Fiber Concrete on Bottom Frame Structure
Authors: Zuo Jun
Published: March 2013

The concrete frame with bottom frame structure bear the load from the upper floors, roofing and brick walls, internal force is quite large, so the designed section size of frame beams is big, sometimes even the clear height of the building can't meet the architectural requirements; And more reinforcement, construction of concrete are difficult to pound, even vibration bar are difficult to insert into the beam, seriously influence the construction quality of reinforced concrete and the frame structure quality can't t be assured. This article introduces the design and application of steel fiber reinforced concrete in the bottom frame through the practical engineering examples. Steel fiber concrete can enhance the tensile and shear strength, and make it has good resistance to crack and toughness. As a result of the steel fiber concrete, the bearing capacity of bottom frame is greatly improved, and the problem in the project is solved.
Research and Application of External Prestressing Curved Beam’s Tendons
Authors: Huang Min Yuan , Zou Zong Ren
Published: March 2013

With continuous development of the structural engineering, a perfect theoretical foundation and construction means is the key to its development. Combined with characteristics of the curved beam, it will be closely integrated together with external prestressing technology. The associated design and construction research can be carried out, in order to fully meet the need of the prestressing development. In this paper, the advantages of external prestressing curved beam was studied, and relevant contents are as follows: reasonable adjustment of external prestressing tendon’s diameter makes the structural force to become more uniform and prevents inappropriate use to tendon; reasonable external prestressing tendon and anchorage is the premise of good structure connection. The crucial problems should to be solved are the lower anchor position and stress concentration treatment. Considering the security need of prestressing curved beam’s tendon connection, attention should be paid not only to its materials and mechanical properties, but also to the convenience of construction. The external reinforcement work of prestressing curved beam is to ensure reasonable control parameters, as well as to ensure the optimal design of reinforced construction. As for the technical grasp on the theory and construction of external prestressing curved beam structure, it will make them have broader development space.
Subgrade Compaction Boundary Layer Detection Method and Detection System
Authors: Zhong Ji Xiang
Published: March 2013

At present, the degree of compaction is the main criterion for subgrade compaction quality.It is the relative expression of the compacted density,Just average.It does not adequately reflect the subgrade compaction layer vertical compaction density distribution law. Compaction boundary layer micro-unit compression pressure on in the process of pressure transmission decreases gradually until they reach the critical formation pressure dense layer. Compaction by detecting the boundary layer vertical zone layer densification, to calculate the boundary thickness, to draw isodense of densification. a clear reproduction of the compacted layer vertical compaction density distribution law. This paper describes the detection principles and detection methods of the compaction boundary layer. describes in detail functional structure and system design of the vehicle automatic detection system used to detect compaction boundary layer of each vertical zone.
Adsorption Characteristic of U(VI) on Fe-Immobilized Bentonite
Authors: Tang Zhen Ping , Ling Hui , Xie Shui Bo , Li S.Y. , Wang J.S. , Liu H.Y.
Published: March 2013

Fe-immobilized bentonite, prepared with bentonite and FeCl3 was used for the adsorption of uranium(VI) in this study, solution pH, ion strength, contact time and temperature were investigated, structural characterization of Fe-immobilized bentonite was assayed by X-ray Diffraction and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Results indicated that the adsorption capacity were strongly affected by the solution pH and ion strength, the adsorption efficiency was 91.8% when pH value was 6 and ion strength was 0.01 mol•L-1, higher or lower pH did not favor the U(VI) adsorption. The adsorption mechanism was discussed by the views of reactive kinetics and thermodynamics along with Scanning Electron Microscope. The adsorption kinetics process was fitted well with the second-order kinetic equation, when the initial U(VI) concentration was less than 38.08mg/L, Langmuir equations could describe the adsorption isotherm of U(VI) well with the maximum adsorption capacity of 169.5mg/g at 303K
Mouse Deformation Design Based on CAE
Authors: Zhou Jian , Li Li Jun , Li Xin , Zhang Ya Guo
Published: March 2013

For obtaining good quality plastic product of mouse,the solid sample of mouse was built, the top and down cover deformation of mouse were drawn as well,further more,the mouse assembly was also selected.Up and down cover of mouse moulds and the whole style mold were gotten by Pro/E,gate location of mouse up cover was analyzed,the project and net model were created,thus the joint of gate location area centre could be found,the pouring system location was set and optimized.
Research on Mechanical Performance of an Irregular Kiewitt Dome Structure
Authors: Chen Qing Jun , Chen Ying Rui , Pan Guang Bin , Zhang Yi Qun , Jiang Zheng Rong
Published: March 2013

Kiewitt dome structure is commonly used in spatial structures, on which many researches have been carried out. However, few researches focus on irregular dome structure. The mechanical performance of an irregular Kiewitt dome structure, cut by two vertical planes from a semi-sphere dome structure to form two openings supported by beams for architectural gates, is studied. The analysis and comparison of the dome structures with the opening or not, as well as the parametric analysis of section of the supporting beam, are conducted by SAP2000. Finally, nonlinear analysis is done by ANSYS. The results show that the existence of openings decreases the integrity of the structure and the members near the opening need to be strengthened. The stiffness of the arch beam has great effects on the vibration characteristics, the axial force distribution of the members, and the buckling modes of the structure. Proper arch beam section is recommended to meet the requirement of the structure.
Research on Load Transfer Mechanism of Steel-Concrete Joint Section of Hybrid Beam Cable-Stayed Bridge
Authors: Zhang Da Li , Bao Yu Wen , Gao Jian Hui , Xiao Lin , Li Xiao Zhen
Published: March 2013

The WuSu Bridge of HeiXiaZi Island is a hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge with one pylons and single cable plane. Based on the similarity principle, a 1:3 reduced scale test model of steel-concrete joint section was designed to study the load transfer mechanism and verify the rationality. The test model was loaded according to the serviceability limit state, and the stress distribution of control sections and main members were obtained. The finite element analysis on the test model was carried out and the load transfer mechanism was studied by the way of combining the test results and the FEA results. As shown in the results, the load from steel is smoothly delivered to concrete through steel-concrete joint section, and the load distribution of the components of steel-concrete joint section is rational. It is proved that the steel-concrete composite joint section is reasonably designed.
Research on Monotonic and Fatigue Properties of Functionally Graded Composite Beams Crack-Controlled by UHTCC in Bending
Authors: Zhang Li , Li Qing Hua , Xu Shi Lang , Zhou Bin
Published: March 2013

This research focuses on mechanical performances of UHTCC-FGC beams under monotonic and fatigue loading. Three UHTCC-FGC beams are tested, including two monotonic beams and one fatigue beam. The stress level of fatigue beam is set as 0.85. The constant ratio of minimum stress to maximum stress is set to 0.2 to avoid any impact and slip between the loading machine and the specimens during testing. The specimen is subjected to sinusoidal cyclic loading at 1 frequency. During the experiments, the fatigue life, deformability and loading capacity of UHTCC-FGC beams are measured and recorded. Meanwhile，the development of cracks and the failure pattern of UHTCC-FGC beams during the test are observed at the same time.