bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A méhnyakrák citológiai szűrővizsgálaton való részvételt befolyásoló tényezők összehasonlító felmérése Magyarországon roma és nem roma lakosság körében, összefüggésben szlovák és román eredményekkel
Authors: Mózes Noémi , Feith Helga Judit
Published: September 2023

Bevezetés: A méhnyakrák prevalenciája és incidenciája mind a mai
napig igen jelentős mértékű. Az olyan hátrányos helyzetű csoportok esetében,
mint a romák, a betegség szűrésére fokozott figyelmet kell fordítani, ennek a
kisebbségnek a tagjai ugyanis nehezebben veszik igénybe az egészségügyi
ellátást, és az átlagos egészségműveltségük is alacsonyabb.
Célkitűzés: Kutatásunk célja az volt, hogy felmérjük magyar
ajkú, magyarországi, romániai és szlovákiai roma és nem roma lakosság
nőgyógyászati szűrővizsgálaton való részvételi gyakoriságát, összefüggésben az
ezt befolyásoló lehetséges tényezőkkel. Emellett vizsgáltuk, hogy a válaszadók
hogyan vélekedtek a méhnyakrákszűrés, valamint a HPV elleni védőoltás
fontosságáról. Jelen közleményben a magyarországi adatok bemutatására helyeztük
a hangsúlyt, összefüggésben a másik két ország eredményeivel. A vizsgálati minta
elemszáma 1366 fő volt. Módszer: Az adatokat gyakorisági
eloszlással, átlag ± SD számítással, arányszámokkal vizsgáltuk, a roma és nem
roma minták összehasonlításához független mintás t-próbát, az
etnikai hovatartozás és a vizsgált változók közötti összefüggés feltárására
kereszttábla-elemzést, Pearson-féle khi-négyzet-statisztikát, phi/Cramér-féle
V-hatásnagyságot használtunk (p<0,05). Eredmények:
Magyarországon az etnikai hovatartozás és a méhnyakrák citológiai
szűrővizsgálatokon való részvétel szignifikáns összefüggést mutatott (p =
0,004), a roma nők a nem romákhoz képest nagyobb arányban nem vettek részt
szűrővizsgálaton, a különbség igazolódott a másik két országban is. A nem roma
nők nagyobb jelentőséget tulajdonítottak a méhnyakrákszűrésen való részvételnek
(p = 0,022). A 18–65 év közötti roma lakosság az évenkénti szűrővizsgálat
tekintetében minden korcsoportban kisebb arányban vett részt szűrővizsgálaton a
nem romákhoz képest, miközben az etnikai hovatartozástól függetlenül az életkor
előrehaladtával csökkent az évenkénti szűrési gyakoriság.
Következtetés: A roma és a nem roma lakosság körében a
méhnyakrák megelőzése érdekében – országhatároktól függetlenül – elkerülhetetlen
az egészségfejlesztés, ezen belül is kifejezetten a rizikófaktorok ismertetése
minden korosztályban, de kiemelve a fiatalokat, akik kevésbé érzékelik a
kockázatot, és az idős korosztályt, amelynek tagjai többnyire úgy gondolják,
hogy a betegség az életkorukból adódóan már nem érinti őket. Orv Hetil. 2023;
164(36): 1416–1425.
Óriássejtes hepatitis és autoimmun haemolyticus anaemia társulása kisdedkorban
Authors: Csernus Katalin , Tészás Alexandra , Ottóffy Gábor , Dezsőfi-Gottl Antal , Tárnok András
Published: September 2023

Az óriássejtes hepatitishez társuló autoimmun haemolyticus anaemia (GCH-AIHA)
kedvezőtlen prognózisú, jellemzően csecsemőket és kisdedeket érintő kórkép. A
nagy mortalitású betegségben a fatális kimenetelhez a leggyakrabban
májelégtelenség, szepszis, valamint a májtranszplantáció szövődményei
vezethetnek. A korábban autoimmun haemolyticus anaemiával diagnosztizált
kisdednél 18 hónapos korban a betegség relapsusa mellett akut hepatitis képe,
valamint akut májelégtelenség jelentkezett. A GCH-AIHA jellemzője a
Coombs-pozitív haemolyticus anaemia, illetve a máj progresszív gyulladása a
májsejtek óriássejtes transzformációjával. A diagnózis felállításához
májbiopsziát végeztünk, a szövettani vizsgálat multinukleáris, óriássejtes
hepatocyták jelenlétét igazolta. Kortikoszteroidterápia és azatioprin mellett
rituximabkezelést, valamint vénás immunglobulin-terápiát alkalmaztunk, melynek
eredményeként az akut májelégtelenség és az anaemia fokozatosan rendeződött. A
két kép társulásának pontos etiológiája nem ismert, autoimmun mechanizmus
valószínűsíthető. A hagyományos immunszuppresszív kezelésre mint a
kortikoszteroid és azatioprin kombinációjára adott terápiás válasz általában
kedvezőtlen, így jellemzően másod- és harmadvonalbeli terápia szükséges. Az
anti-CD20-antitest elleni rituximabterápia bevezetése óta a betegség prognózisa
jelentősen javult. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(36): 1432–1436.
Humán rekombináns parathormon (teriparatid) mint alternatív megoldás a gyógyszer okozta állcsontnekrózis terápiájára
Authors: Gera István , Szücs Nikolette
Published: September 2023

Az osteoporosis a civilizált világban az ötven évesnél idősebb korosztályban az
egyik leggyakoribb, az életminőséget súlyosan rontó állapot. A csonttömegvesztés
megelőzésében és kezelésében ma a legelterjedtebb az antireszorptív gyógyszerek
alkalmazása, amelyek az osteoclastok blokkolása révén lassítják a csonttömeg
vesztését. Az antireszorptív kezelés egyik, bár nem gyakori vezető mellékhatása
az invazív szájsebészeti beavatkozások után előforduló csontnekrózis, amely
„medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ)” néven szerepel az
angolszász irodalomban. Az osteoporosis kezelésében az utóbbi két évtizedben
fokozatosan egyre nagyobb teret követelnek maguknak az anabolikus
hormonkészítmények, elsősorban a rekombináns humán parathormon (1–34)
alkalmazása. E hormonkészítmény teriparatid néven már több mint két évtizede van
klinikai alkalmazásban. Egyes közlemények szerint a teriparatid hatásosabb a
csontsűrűség megtartásában és a patológiás csonttörések kezelésében, mint az
antireszorptív gyógyszerek. Igazolt, hogy a napi egyszeri dózisban adott
parathormon fokozza az összehangolt csontátépülést, és a folyamatot a
csontképzés irányába tolja el. Számos állatkísérlet és humán klinikai
vizsgálatok igazolták, hogy a szisztémásan, napi egyszeri dózisban adott
teriparatid gyorsította a callusképződést, lerövidítette a gyógyulási időt, és
egyben javultak a csont mechanikai tulajdonságai is. A parathormon ún.
„off-label” indikációja azonban még mindig nem megalapozott. Ugyanakkor egyre
több olyan adat gyűlt össze a nemzetközi irodalomban, miszerint a teriparatid
hatásos az egyébként hagyományos kezelésre rezisztens, gyógyszer okozta
állcsontnekrózis gyógyításában is. A közlemény célja összefoglalni a parathormon
anabolikus farmakológiai hatásával kapcsolatos irodalmat és az elmúlt évtizedben
az irodalomban közölt eredmények alapján a parathormon alkalmazásával az
antireszorptív gyógyszerek okozta állcsontnekrózisok terápiájában elért
eredményeket. Az elmúlt 15 évben megjelent nagyszámú esetközlemény és a limitált
számú klinikai vizsgálat eredményei alapján feltételezhető, hogy a
teriparatidkészítményeket alkalmazni lehetne a hagyományos kezelésre rezisztens
állcsontnekrózisok kezelésében is. Ám még további randomizált, kontrollált
klinikai vizsgálatokra van szükség ahhoz, hogy kimondható legyen: a teriparatid
valóban hatékony és biztonságos kezelési alternatíva lenne a hagyományos
kezelésre nem reagáló, gyógyszer okozta állcsontnekrózis-esetek kezelésében. Orv
Hetil. 2023; 164(36): 1406–1415.
EXPLORING RESEARCHERS' VIEWS ON METRICS AND RESEARCH IMPACT INTERNAL REPORT
Authors:   The University of Waikato, Chivers Melanie , Jess Howie
Published: September 2023

Research excellence is a goal that universities and researchers alike strive for, but how do we identify and measure research excellence? Do quantitative metrics demonstrate the impact that researchers are aiming for? This report details the results of an exploratory case study investigating how researchers responded to a range of quantitative metrics. As a part of their approach, the project team interviewed thirteen academic staff at the University of Waikato across a range of disciplines. A thematic analysis of the interviews was carried out, bringing to light eight dominant themes from the participants’ discussions: • No one-size fits all - impact and excellence varies greatly across disciplines and matter more to some disciplines than others • Lack of understanding of metrics and reliance on h-index • Metrics are subjective and can be gamed • A general nervousness around metrics or disdain, especially for Altmetrics • Cultural considerations and the importance of the collective • Disconnect between what they value and what they think their peers value • Publishing decisions are driven by a diverse range of factors • Varying levels of importance in getting research out into the public including OA This paper argues that metrics can be used as a tool for researchers, but should be understood in the context of non-quantitative measures. Metrics alone cannot determine how impactful a researcher’s contribution may be. It is important for researchers to be recognised as individuals in order for them to tell the story of their work. This will require upskilling both for researchers and those who evalu-ate research.
Complex use of perfusion techniques in kidney transplantation from a donor with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (clinical case)
Authors: Shabunin A. V. , Minina M. G. , Drozdov P. A. , Miloserdov I. A. , Saydulaev D. A. , Sevostyanov V. M. , Tenchurina E. A.
Published: September 2023

Objective: to present the successful experience with a donor with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in whom a set of modern perfusion techniques was used to obtain kidneys suitable for transplantation.

Materials and methods. Automatic chest compression was resumed in an OHCA donor (after biological death has been confirmed in the hospital) to maintain minimal perfusion under mechanical ventilation with 100% FiO2. With femoral vein cannulation, an extracorporeal circuit with a centrifuge pump and oxygenator was connected and abdominal normothermic regional perfusion was initiated. After 215 minutes, kidney was explanted under normothermic machine perfusion. Next, the left kidney was placed in the LifePort Kidney Transporter for hypothermic machine perfusion of donor kidneys. Perfusion time was 285 minutes. The right kidney was transplanted without additional ex-vivo perfusion.

Results. Due to the complex use of perfusion techniques both in the donor body and ex-vivo, donor kidneys, after OHCA, with a total warm ischemia time of 110 minutes, were transplanted to recipients with good results. In the postoperative period, there was delayed function of the left and right renal grafts. The patients were discharged in a satisfactory condition under outpatient follow-up.

Conclusion. The possibility and efficiency of organ donation after OHCA, facilitated by modern perfusion techniques and devices, open up a new perspective in addressing the organ shortage crisis.
Surgical technique for explantation of a functioning cardiopulmonary complex in an experiment
Authors: Zhulkov M. O. , Zykov I. S. , Makaev A. G. , Protopopov A. V. , Murtazaliev M. N. , Kosimov F. Yu. , Tarkova A. R. , Limansky A. D. , Smirnov Ya. M. , Agaeva H. A. , Frykina O. E. , Sirota D. A.
Published: September 2023

Objective: to develop and approve the surgical technique for explantation of a functioning cardiopulmonary complex under normothermic autoperfusion.

Materials and methods. Landrace pigs were used as the experimental model for a series of acute experiments (n = 10). During the experiment, invasive pressure in the cavities of the heart and main arteries, blood gas composition, and myocardial contractility were monitored. The functioning cardiopulmonary complex was explanted through a median sternotomy. The explanted complex was conditioned at 37–38 °C for 6 hours.

Results. In the course of a series of experiments, it was shown that stable operation of the isolated heart-lung complex ex vivo for 6 hours was fundamentally possible provided that the parameters of the basic homeostasis constants are maintained. The technological solutions used made it possible to ensure safe hemodynamic and anatomical isolation of the working cardiopulmonary complex.

Conclusion. The developed protocol for isolating a functioning cardiopulmonary complex allows to provide stable graft function for 6 hours under normothermic autoperfusion. Implementation of this concept in the development of transport systems would significantly facilitate their design and eliminate the use of expensive components. This would contribute to widespread introduction into clinical practice.
Aortic valve replacement after previous TAVI
Authors: Titov D. A. , Sorkomov M. N. , Pursanova D. M. , Fedoseykina M. I. , Babenko S. I. , Muratov R. M.
Published: September 2023

Endovascular surgery for aortic valve defects has proven itself well in elderly patients with severe comorbidities competing with the underlying disease. However, the risk of dysfunction resulting from structural degeneration of bioprosthetic heart valve and prosthetic valve endocarditis remains high. Repeated surgeries are associated with complications, but open surgery is the only method of treatment in this group of patients.

Objective: to describe a series of reinterventions for prosthetic valve dysfunction occurring after TAVI.

Material and methods. From 2015 to 2022, at the Department of Emergency Surgery for Acquired Heart Diseases (Head, Professor R.M. Muratov), Bakulev Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, 6 reoperations were performed in patients who had previously undergone transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The average age of patients at the time of TAVI and at the time of reoperation was 70.6 years (62–83) and 74.3 years (70–84), respectively. The EuroSCORE II predicted risk of mortality at the time of reintervention was 42.2% (21.7–87.6). The mean time to reoperation was 42 months. Indications for reoperation were early active prosthetic endocarditis (4 cases) and structural valve degeneration (2 cases).

Results. At the hospital stage, 1 patient died of acute heart failure; the operation was performed for vital indications in conditions of extreme initial severity. In three patients, the early postoperative period was uneventful. One patient required intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) due to heart failure, and 1 patient was implanted with permanent pacemaker. The average time of hospitalization was 14 days. Patients with active prosthetic endocarditis received a 6-week course of antibiotic therapy. The function of the implanted valves was satisfactory.

Conclusions. Aortic valve replacement after previous TAVI is an emergency operation and represents the only way to treat valve dysfunction. Under active prosthetic endocarditis, timely surgery can save this patient cohort.
Cryotechnology in lung and heart-lung transplantation
Authors: Bekov M. T. , Pashkov I. V. , Mozheiko N. P. , Latypov R. A. , Oleshkevich D. O. , Smirnov K. S. , Shigaev E. F. , Yakunin Ya. S. , Gautier S. V.
Published: September 2023

Bronchial complications, along with development and progression of chronic dysfunction on the background of chronic rejection, are factors that reduce the quality and life of lung and heart-lung recipients. They also increase the frequency of hospitalizations. Application of cryotechnology is based on the contact effect of extremely low temperatures on organs and tissues using a cryoprobe. This article demonstrates the experience of using cryotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of complications in lung and heart-lung recipients.
Development of graft-versus-host disease in a liver recipient. Clinical observations and literature review
Authors: Voskanyan S. E. , Korobka V. L. , Syutkin V. E. , Monakhov A. R. , Maltseva A. P. , Pak E. S. , Korobka R. V. , Kolodyazhny E. I. , Zubenko S. I. , Voskanyan Yu. V. , Kotsiyaev V. Yu.
Published: September 2023

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) after liver transplantation (LT) occurs in 0.2–0.3% of liver transplant recipients. Each case is characterized by individual peculiarities of the clinical picture. There are no standards or clinical guidelines for the treatment of GvHD in solid organ recipients; mortality remains very high among these patients. We present two clinical cases of verified GvHD that developed early after LT, and we offer a brief review of the current state of the art in the study of this problem.
Efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for post-transplant kidney stones. Hope or Disappointment?
Authors: Popov S. V. , Huseynov R. G. , Miloserdov I. A. , Kisil Yu. V. , Saydulaev D. A. , Sadovnikov S. V. , Sivak K. V. , Bunenkov N. S. , Perepelitsa V. V. , Lelyavina T. A.
Published: September 2023

Nephrolithiasis in a transplanted kidney is an important medical and social problem. The presence of renal calculi may not manifest clinically for a long time due to the peculiarities of the surgical intervention during organ transplantation. Development of chronic urinary tract infection and deterioration of the functional ability of the renal transplant in the presence of kidney stones can lead to graft death, which is an immediate threat to the patient’s life. Existing Russian guidelines on the treatment of urolithiasis currently lack a clear strategy for the management of kidney transplant recipients.

Objective: to systematize literature data on analysis of the outcomes of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and other methods in patients with post-transplant kidney stones.

Results. Thirty-five publications on the research topic were selected. We summarized the information on various therapy options for patients with stones in transplanted kidney: endourological approach, ESWL, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL), open surgical treatment (nephrostomy, pyelolithotomy). A modern foreign algorithm for the management of patients with post-transplant kidney stones depending on the severity of obstruction with sepsis and the size of the renal calculi is presented.

Conclusion. 1. The presence of stones in a kidney graft is a clinical situation that requires surgical treatment. 2. In clinical practice, different methods of treatment can be used, such as open intervention, ESWL, PCNL, retrograde transurethral manipulations. 3. In most cases, patient management tactics depend on the clinical picture (presence/absence of obstruction) and the size of the calculi. 4. The use of ESWL, as the most frequently used method, testifies to its efficiency and low-traumatic effect.
Clinical case of long-term mechanical circulatory support in a patient with biventricular heart failure after cardiac stab wound
Authors: Sirota D. A. , Zhulkov M. O. , Makaev A. G. , Khvan D. S. , Doronin D. V. , Agaeva K. A. , Fomichev A. V. , Chernyavsky A. M.
Published: September 2023

Cardiac injury remains one of the most complex conditions in emergency surgery. Only 6% of patients with penetrating heart wounds manage to be delivered to the operating room for surgery, and the mortality rate is still extremely high. Unfortunately, such emergency interventions are often performed in institutions lacking the ability to provide the full range of reconstructive techniques, resulting in suboptimal correction and a high risk of developing postoperative complications. This paper describes a clinical case of successful repair of multiple stab wounds to the heart with concomitant anterior descending artery injury followed by severe heart failure requiring biventricular mechanical circulatory support.
Organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation in 2022. 15th Report from the Registry of the Russian Transplant Society
Authors: Gautier S. V. , Khomyakov S. M.
Published: September 2023

Objective: to monitor the current trends and developments in organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation based on data from the year 2022.

Materials and methods. Heads of organ transplant centers were surveyed through questionnaires. Data control was done using the information accounting system of the Russian Ministry of Health. We performed a comparative analysis of data obtained over years from various federal subjects of the Russian Federation and transplant centers.

Results. Based on data retrieved from the National Registry in 2022, 46 kidney, 31 liver and 16 heart transplant programs were existing in the Russian Federation as of the year 2022. Organ donation activity in 2022 was 5.2 per million population (p.m.p.), with a 73.7% multi-organ procurement rate and an average of 2.8 organs procured from one effective donor. In 2022, 2,555 organ transplants were performed in the Russian Federation, which included 1,562 kidney, 659 liver and 310 heart transplants. Same year, the number of transplant surgeries performed in the Russian Federation increased by 10.0% compared to 2021. In Moscow, organ donation activity was 26.3 p.m.p. The city of Moscow and the Moscow Oblast alone had a total of 12 transplant centers, accounting for 52.6% of all kidney transplants and 64.8% of all extrarenal transplants in the country. The number of organ recipients in the Russian Federation exceeds 150 p.m.p.

Conclusion. The geographic distribution of transplant centers in the Russian Federation continues to expand. Five new centers were opened in 2022. Over the past year, the number of effective donors and organ transplants increased in the country. The resource potential of medical institutions has not been exhausted and this is set to further increase the number of organ transplants performed. Moscow is the powerhouse of Russian transplantology. However, other regional leaders have since appeared in the Russian Federation, such as in Kemerovo, Kazan, Rostov-on-Don, Tyumen, Irkutsk, and Volzhsky. In the Russian Federation, priority is being given to pediatric transplant care. It is expedient to implement a complex of measures aimed at identifying potential recipients.
Technique for reducing the surgical porosity of small-diameter vascular grafts
Authors: Nemets E. A. , Khairullina A. I. , Belov V. Yu. , Surguchenko V. A. , Vasilets V. N. , Sevastianov V. I. , Volkova E. A. , Basok Yu. B.
Published: September 2023

High surgical porosity (SP) is one of the causes of significant blood loss, as well as hematoma formation. So, reducing the SP of small-diameter vascular grafts (VGs) is a crucial task.

The objectiveof this work was to develop a technology for the formation of polycaprolactone (PCL)-based small-diameter VGs with a bioactive coating with reduced SP.

Materials and methods. Porous VGs with an inner diameter of 3 mm were fabricated by electrospinning from 5% PCL solution with addition of 5–30% gelatin (PCL/G) on an NANON-01A unit (MECC CO, Japan). Bioactive coating was applied by sequential incubation of VGs in solutions of bovine serum albumin, heparin and platelet lysate with fixation in a glutaric aldehyde solution. The surface structure and mechanical properties of the samples were investigated. Functional properties of the bioactive VGs were evaluated in relation to their interaction with cell cultures in vitro.

Results. It was found that introduction of gelatin into the working solution reduces SP from 30.4 ± 1.5 mL/(cm2 ·min) to 2.8 ± 0.5 ml/(cm2 ·min). It was shown that at a PCL/gelatin ratio of 9 : 1, the outer and inner sides of the bioactive VGs samples are characterized by surface uniformity (no defects), mechanical properties close to blood vessels of the same diameter (Young’s modulus 6.7 ± 2.1 MPa, tensile strength 26.7 ± 4.9 N and elongation to break 423 ± 80%) and ability to support adhesion and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell line, EA.hy926.

Conclusion. Introduction of 10% gelatin content (by the polymer weight) into PCL solution reduces the SP of small-diameter VGs, leads to uniformity in their inner and outer surface, improvement in their mechanical properties without reducing their ability to support adhesion and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells.
Equivalents of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of circulating pool of stem and immature hematopoietic cells for assessing liver transplant status
Authors: Shutko A. N. , Gerasimova O. A. , Marchenko N. V. , Tileubergenov I. I.
Published: September 2023

Objective: to study the applicability of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for monitoring recipient status and for possible minimization of maintenance immunosuppression in the long-term period after liver transplantation (LT).

Materials and methods. Blood samples of 19 recipients with satisfactory graft function were examined by flow cytofluorometry at various time periods after LT using hematopoietic stem cell markers CD133, their CD31 derivatives, and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), compared with the conventional NLR.

Results. The use of NLR equivalents with CD133 and CD31 to assess liver transplant status is due to their high representation in liver tissue. Their values change in the long-term posttransplant period (from 1.5 to 6–7 years following LT) ≈20-fold and in different directions, but only when measuring their commissural to the liver cell fractions bearing the AFP marker.

Conclusion. In contrast to the conventional NLR, maintenance of the lowest level of CD31 AFP, an NLR «equivalent», achieved at 1.5 years after LT, can be considered a criterion for the success of immunosuppressive therapy in the long-term post-LT period. The developed technique can be used to decide on whether to reduce or discontinue medication-assisted prophylaxis of graft rejection.
A Benchmark Study on Knowledge Graphs Enrichment and Pruning Methods in the Presence of Noisy Relationships
Authors: Faralli Stefano , Lenzi Andrea , Velardi Paola
Published: September 2023

In the past few years, knowledge graphs (KGs), as a form of structured human intelligence, have attracted considerable research attention from academia and industry. In this very active field of study, a widely explored problem is that of link prediction, the task of predicting whether two nodes should be connected, based on node attributes and local or global graph connectivity properties. The state of the art in this area is represented by techniques based on graph embeddings. However, KGs, especially those acquired using automated or partly automated techniques, are often riddled with noise, e.g., wrong relationships, which makes the problem of link deletion as important as that of link prediction. In this paper, we address three main research questions. The first is about the true effectiveness of different knowledge graph embedding models under the presence of an increasing number of wrong links. The second is to asses if methods that can predict unknown relationships effectively, work equally well in recognizing incorrect relations. The third is to verify if there are systems robust enough to maintain primacy in all experimental conditions. To answer these research questions, we performed a systematic benchmark study in which the experimental setting includes ten state-of-the-art models, three common KG datasets with different structural properties and three downstream tasks: the widely explored tasks of link prediction and triple classification, and the less popular task of link deletion. Comparative studies often yield contradictory results, where the same systems score better or worse depending on the experimental context. In our work, in order to facilitate the discovery of clear performance patterns and their interpretation, we select and/or aggregate performance data to highlight each specific comparison dimension: dataset complexity, type of task, category of models, and robustness against noise.
Guerrillas and Combative Mothers: Women and the Armed Struggle in South Africa
Authors: Garman Anthea
Published: September 2023

Siphokazi Magadla's Guerrillas and Combative Mothers rests on 40 life histories of women who joined armed struggles of many kinds to fight apartheid. The book is a result of her doctorate which in turn rests on work she did while being a research consultant at the Institute for Security Studies. In 2010, on the tenth anniversary of the United Nations' (UN's) adoption of Resolution 1325, Magadla and Chery Hendricks produced the documentary Women and Security Sector Transformation in South Africa (2010). Magadla interviewed Major General Ntsiki Memela-Motumi, then chief director of transformation management in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF); Thandi Modise, a previous chair of the Portfolio Committee on Defence in the National Assembly and; Mala Singh, former deputy national commissioner of the South African Police Service (SAPS). Memela-Motumi and Modise are both former combatants in Umkhonto weSizwe (MK). They provided rich accounts of how their experiences as women in MK informed their later roles in transforming the SANDF. However, the study also has a prior genesis in Magadla's own experience of being the daughter of a soldier in the Transkei Defence Force. He ended his military career at 40 after that force was integrated into the SANDF. Her mother, a psychiatric nurse, also made her aware of the unstable mental conditions of many soldiers who were demobilised from the various armed forces in the period around 1994. This personal knowledge plus the experience of working with the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) gives the impetus for an important study. It is a study arising out of the complicated and turbulent moment in time when seven armies were integrated. These seven armies include the South African Defence Force (SADF), MK, the Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) and the four 'homeland' armies. This was a period in which those who had chosen to fight apartheid were faced with the question of whether they were career soldiers or not; and whether a return to civilian life was possible now that there was no longer a war.
Ortaöğretim 9. Sınıf Kimya Ders Kitabının Bilimin Doğası Bileşenleri Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞEN Şenol , TEMEL Senar
Published: September 2023

Çalışmada ortaöğretim 9. sınıf kimya ders kitabının bilimin doğası bileşenleri açısından doküman analizi yöntemine göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ders kitabında yer alan tüm üniteler Abd-El-Khalick, Waters ve Le’nin (2008) ders kitabı analizi için geliştirdiği bilimin doğası kategorileri dikkate alınarak içerik analizine tabi tutulmuş ve bu kategorilerin ders kitabında temsil edilme düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra belirlenen kategorilerin ders kitabında temsil edilme düzeylerine göre frekans değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Analiz sonucuna göre, ders kitabında tüm üniteler bazında bilimin doğasının her kategorisine yer verildiği, ancak “deneysel” ve “çıkarımsal” boyutlarına en fazla, “yaratıcı” ve “bilimsel sosyal yönler” boyutlarına ise en az vurgu yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonuçları ünite bazında tek tek incelendiğinde ise “deneysellik” boyutuna en fazla vurgu yapıldığı, “yaratıcı”, “değişme açık”, “bilimsel teoriler”, “bilimsel yasalar” ve “bilimin sosyal yönü” boyutlarına ise hiç değinilmediği belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak bilimin doğası kategorilerinin ders kitabında yeterli düzeyde temsil edilmediği ve tutarsız bir dağılım gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ders kitaplarında bilimin doğasının farklı bileşenlerine öğretim programının kazanımları dikkate alınarak içerikle uyumlu bir şekilde yer verilmelidir.
PESTICIDES’ NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON SOIL-WATER-AIR CYCLE AND ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES
Authors: MUSTAFAOĞLU Damla
Published: September 2023

Aim: One of the most critical problems in the world today is the problem of hunger. Parallel to the rapid increase in the world population, the decrease in usable agricultural areas day by day increases the importance of this problem day by day. In addition to studies such as breeding and fertilization to solve the problem, pesticide applications are frequently made against various pests to prevent the loss of yield in basic food sources. Pesticides cause environmental problems when misapplied and uncontrolled. The study discusses environmental problems caused by pesticides and pesticide alternative applications. The aim of this study is to raise awareness about this issue. Method: The information obtained by examining the current data, published reports, and, studies about the cycle of pesticides in nature was evaluated and interpreted. Results: Chemical control against pests is preferred over physical and biological control. During the application of pesticides by spraying, some of them are released into the atmosphere through dispersion and evaporation, and some remain on the plant and soil surface. Conclusion: Pesticides used to increase yields in agriculture include complex chemicals and heavy metals. Pesticides that cause environmental pollution participate in the environmental cycle and damage the soil-water-air trio. Instead of these chemicals, which change form in this cycle and progress by multiplying their negative effects, environmentally friendly alternative approaches should be expanded to combat pests and applied in macro areas.
TARGET DISPLACEMENT CALCULATION ACCORDING TO TBEC 2019 AND EUROCODE 8
Authors: BORU Elif
Published: September 2023

Aim: After the earthquakes with high loss of life and property in our country and in the world, engineers have come to a consensus that the design method, in which the criteria are defined by displacement and deformation limits, should be used in building design. A lot of research has been done on this method, which provides performance-based design and evaluation for existing structures. The amount of displacement demanded from the building by the earthquake, which is expressed as target displacement in the Turkish Building Earthquake Code (TBEC 2019), is directly effective in determining the building performance. Method: In this study, the target displacement calculation of a 5-story reinforced concrete building that represents the medium-height building stock in Turkey, with a symmetrical carrier system in the X and Y directions was done according to TBEC 2019 and Eurocode 8. Results: According to TBEC 2019, the elastic design spectral displacement of the building was determined as 0.19 m. Since the CR coefficient is 1, the nonlinear spectral displacement of the building is calculated as 0.19 m and the target displacement as 0.12 m. According to Eurocode 8, the dt* 0.086m and the target displacement was calculated as 0.11 m. Conclusion: In the target displacement calculation according to both codes a 10% difference was obtained between Eurocode 8 and the TBEC 2019.
AN EVALUATION OF TECHNOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE'S RELATIONSHIP WITH CULTURE AND ART IN TERMS OF LITERATURE
Authors: DÜZ Oğuz , DÜZ Ozan , KARABAŞ Ozan , YALÇINKAYA Senai , KUYUCU Mihalis Michael
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of artificial intelligence is to create new works of art by developing the creativity of the machine. However, the idea that the pieces generated by artificial intelligence are evaluated as human imitations and do not reflect art in the true sense has become the focus of discussions. There are many different opinions on whether the works generated by artificial intelligence should be accepted as works of art and whether artificial intelligence has overtaken human artists. Aim: The aim of this study is to review and interpret the literature on artworks prepared and generated using artificial intelligence. Method: The method of the research is the interpretation of the works prepared with the use of artificial intelligence in the literature and brought to the literature. In addition, the study was expanded by making interpretative and personal approaches to the general flow of the study. Conclusion: In the context of research and studies, artificial intelligence, which is the combination of technology and art, and its artistic works have become an important topic of discussion in the art world. Artificial intelligence's contribution to the evolution of art and new perspectives has the potential to explore the limits of art and move it forward. However, whether it will completely replace human creativity and affect the value of the human touch in artworks is an important issue that needs to be explored in more depth in the future. The role and impact of artificial intelligence in the art world will be better understood through future studies and will shape the future of the art world.
Çevre Farkındalığı Kazandırmada, Beceri ve Değerleri Aktarmada Kitapların Rolü: Doğadaki Son Çocuk Örneği
Authors: KURT GÖKÇELİ Füsun , ÖZER Merve
Published: September 2023

Değerler, bireylerin duygu ve düşüncelerine yön vererek davranışlarını etkileyebilmektedir. Değerlerin olmadığı bir toplumda kaos kaçınılmazdır. Bu nedenle evrensel değerlere sahip bireylerin toplumdaki varlığı oldukça önemlidir. Çünkü değerler ve davranışlar birbiri ile ilişkili kavramlar olmakla birlikte sağlıklı toplumların inşası için gereklidir. Demokratik ve sağlıklı bir toplum yaratmada değerler kadar becerilerin de önemli işlevleri bulunmaktadır. Alanyazında 21. yy. becerileri olarak ifade edilen beceriler, bireylerin daha nitelikli bir yaşam sürdürmelerinde, kendilerini ve yaşadıkları alanı olumlu şekilde etkileyebilmelerinde son derece gereklidir. Değerlerin, becerilerin kazandırılmasında ve aktarılmasında ise çeşitli yollar izlenebilmektedir. Bir kitap, bir film ya da rol model değerleri ve becerileri aktarmada araç gereç olarak kullanılabilmektedir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmış ve veriler içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda Doğadaki Son Çocuk kitabı, araştırmacılar tarafından öncelikle ayrı ayrı okunarak kitapta ele alınan değerler ve beceriler belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu değer ve beceriler MEB kök değerler ve 21. yy becerileri temel alınarak incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Doğadaki Son Çocuk kitabında en çok ele alınan değerler; saygı, sevgi ve sorumluluk iken sabır, dürüstlük, barış gibi değerlere hiç yer verilmemiştir. Kitapta beceri olarak ise yaratıcı düşünme becerisine sıklıkla yer verilirken empati becerisine yer verilmemiştir. Sonuç olarak Doğadaki Son Çocuk kitabının okuyuculara çevre farkındalığı kazandırmada ve doğaya sevgi, saygı gibi evrensel değerleri aktarmada etkili bir içeriğe sahip olduğu söylenebilir.
Sınıf Öğretmeni Adaylarının Biyoloji Kavramına İlişkin Bilişsel Yapılarının Zihin Haritaları ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: YENER Yeşim , İNAN Muhammed Erkam , YILMAZ Mustafa
Published: September 2023

Bireyin evreni anlaması için öncelikle kendisini anlaması gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda biyoloji alanı önemlidir. Bireyin evreni algılayabilmesi iyi bir biyoloji eğitimiyle mümkündür. Biyoloji eğitimine yönelik ilk kavramlar sınıf öğretmenleri tarafından verilmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının biyoloji alanına ilişkin sahip oldukları bilişsel yapılarının belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomonoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde, Batı Karadeniz’de bulunan bir üniversitede öğrenim gören 41 sınıf öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Öğretmen adaylarının biyoloji alanına ilişkin çizmiş oldukları zihin haritaları veri toplama aracını oluşturmaktadır. Zihin haritaları içerik analiziyle çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizi sonucunda, teknoloji ve tıp, biyolojinin konuları, sağlık ve yaşam, biyolojinin alt bilim dalları ve diğer olarak beş tema ve bu temalara ait alt kategoriler belirlenmiştir. Her bir kategoriye ilişkin frekans analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, öğretmen adaylarının bilişsel yapılarında biyoloji alanını tam olarak yansıtamadıklarını ve bazı kavram yanılgılarına sahip olduklarını göstermektedir. Şekillendirilen zihin haritalarında, canlılar ve sınıflandırılması, sistemler ve hücre konularının ön plana çıktığı, mikroskop ve parçalarının teknolojik anlamda belirtildiği, genetik alt bilim dalının bilişsel yapılarında yer edindiği, gıdalar ve bağımlılıklara ilişkin sağlık ve yaşama vurgu yapıldığı ifade edilebilir. Elde edilen veriler eleştirel bir yaklaşımla tartışılmıştır. Öğretmen yetiştirme sürecinde verilen biyoloji eğitiminin yetersiz olduğu ifade edilmiştir.
Sosyal Bilgiler ve Türkçe Derslerine Yönelik Drama Ders Planı Hazırlama ve Uygulamaya İlişkin Öğrenci Görüşleri
Authors: TOKMAK Ahmet , KARAMIK Mehmet , İLHAN Genç Osman
Published: September 2023

Araştırmada Sosyal bilgiler ve Türkçe dersi öğretiminde önemli bir yer tutan doğa ve evren ile ilgili konuların öğretiminde ders öğretmenlerinin kullandığı yöntemleri belirlemek amacıyla 27 öğretmen ve 342 öğrenci görüşü alınmıştır. Kullanılan yöntemlerin çoğunlukla aktarım temelli yöntemler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda aktarım temelli yöntemlerin aksine öğrencinin öğrenme sürecinde aktif rol aldığı drama yönteminin doğa ve evren ile ilgili konularda bir yöntem olarak kullanılmasının oluşturacağı etkiler merak konusu olmuş ve uygulamalar yapılarak bu sürecin etkileri öğrenci görüşleri açısından incelenmiştir. Üç oturum olarak planlanan uygulama süreci araştırmacılar tarafından planlanmış, toplamda 38 öğrenci ile farklı iki devlet okulunda uygulamalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulama sürecinin sonunda drama yöntemi ders planlarının hazırlığı sürecinde dikkat edilmesi gereken ilkeler araştırmacıların görüş birliği ile belirlenmiş ve maddeler halinde sunulmuştur. Araştırma nitel yöntem ilkeleri doğrultusunda durum çalışması deseniyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ve anket kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz yöntemeri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Drama uygulamasına yönelik öğrenci görüşleri ile ilgili temalar ve kodlamalar oluşturularak istatistiki bilgiler tablolar halinde sunulmuştur. Öğrencilerin drama yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilen öğretim sürecine yönelik verdikleri cevaplar doğrultusunda yapılan kodlamalar; öğrenme, doğa ve evren, çevre sorunları ve hissedilenler temaları altında birleştirilmiştir. Öğrencilerin süreci; akılda kalıcılığı arttıran, somut yaşantı deneyimleri sunan, anlama ve özgün düşünmeye katkı sağlayan, mutluluk verici ve eğlenceli olarak nitelendirdikleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda Sosyal bilgiler ve Türkçe öğretiminde drama yöntemi ile başka konuların öğretiminin farklı değişkenler açısından etkilerini inceleyecek çalışmalar yapılması, drama dersinin yaygınlaştırılması, öğretmenlere yönelik drama eğitimlerinin sayısının ve ulaşılabilirliğinin arttırılması yönünde önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
The Relationship Between Teachers' Technostress Perceptions and Their Teaching Motivation and Happiness Levels
Authors: ÇELİK Beyza Nur , GÖKBULUT Bayram
Published: September 2023

In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of technostress on teachers' teaching motivation and happiness levels. The study was carried out in a province located in the Western Black Sea Region in the 2021-2022 academic year. 389 teachers participated in the research. Three scales were used to collect the data: "Determination of Technostress Levels", "Teaching Motivation Scale" and "Oxford Happiness Scale". The relationship between technostress, teachers' motivation to teach and their happiness levels, and the differences between the variables of gender, professional seniority, school type and technology use disposition were revealed. As a result of the research, teachers' Technostress and Intrinsic-External Motivation levels were found to be "moderate". Happiness levels were found to be "Advanced". It was concluded that female teachers had higher intrinsic and extrinsic motivations than male teachers. Teachers with less than one year of professional seniority have higher technostress levels than teachers with higher professional seniority. It has been observed that the technostress levels of the teachers whose technology use is at "Medium" level are higher than the teachers with "High" level. It was concluded that there is a negative “Low” level relationship between technostress and happiness variable. As a result of the research, it was seen that Technostress has a predictive effect on teachers' happiness levels.
The Modelling Strategies Used by the Pre-service Teachers in Fermi Problems: The Task of Automatic Irrigation System
Authors: ÇAKMAK GÜREL Zeynep
Published: September 2023

This study aims to explore pre-service teachers’ solution spaces and model strategies in the mathematical modelling tasks involving estimations. A case study method was employed in the research. 119 pre-service teachers participated in the study. The data were collected in two weeks. The pre-service teachers created groups consisting of four or five individuals according to their wishes. Thus, 26 different groups emerged. The modelling problem was designed by the researcher by considering containing the reality, authenticity, closeness, openness, and modelling competencies criteria. The data collection tools consisted of the worksheets and presentation records of the pre-service teachers. The deduction and induction analysis methods were used together in the data analysis. According to the obtained findings, it was determined that the pre-service teachers used five different modelling strategies. In the problem given within the scope of the number of elements that could fit in a surface, the “reference point” was used most; on the other hand, the “concentration measures” were used least. It is found that taking the area covered by a sprinkler model as a reference rather than the area occupied by sprinklers in the solution spaces produces more realistic results. The solutions spaces created within these strategies was used to detail the modelling process. It is significant for teachers who will apply a similar modelling problem to know the created different modelling strategies and solution spaces. It is thought that the solution spaces will provide a source for teachers to keep track of the information related to their students.
Investigation of Activities in Primary School Mathematics Textbooks in Turkey within the Context of 21st Century Skills
Authors: ÇEKİRDEKCİ Sitki , YORULMAZ Alper , ÖNAL Halil
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the current study is to investigate activities in primary school mathematics textbooks in Turkey according to 21st century skills. The study employed the document analysis design, one of the qualitative research methods and in the analysis of the data, the descriptive analysis method was used. In the study, the activities in the mathematics textbooks approved by the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) Board of Education and Discipline (BoED) to be taught in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades of primary schools in Turkey as of the 2019-2020 school year were examined according to 21st century skills, and it was determined to which skills specified in P21 the activities were related. As a result of the study, it was seen that “learning and innovation skills” were given the most place, followed by “life and career skills” in the textbooks. When the activities in the textbooks were examined, it was concluded that the activities at all grade levels were related to the themes of “learning and innovation skills” and “life and career skills”. No activities related to the theme of “information, media and technology skills” could be found in the mathematics textbooks. In light of the findings, it can be said that in the development of activities in the writing process of mathematics textbooks, all of the 21st century skills should be taken into account and that skills and activities should be related to each other.