bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN KOPI MENJADI SABUN KOPI DI DESA SIMPANG TERITIT, KECAMATAN WIH PESAM, KABUPATEN BENER MERIAH (Industri Rumah Tangga Laysia Gayo)
Authors: Sinaga Nelly , Girsang Rosmaria , Hia Haogowanema
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) proses pengolahan kopi menjadi sabun kopi, (2) besarnya nilai tambah dari proses pengolahan kopi menjadi sabun kopi, (3) berapa besar profitabilitas yang diperoleh dari proses pengolahan sabun kopi menjadi sabun kopi di daerah penelitian. ndustri Rumah Tangga Laysia Gayo yang terletak di , Desa Simpang Teririt, Kecamatan Wih Pesam, Kabupaten Bener Meriah. Waktu penelitian mulai bulan april sampai dengan Agustus 2022. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu data skunder. Jumlah sampel sebanyak  3 orang, yang terdiri dari pemiliki usaha Laysia Gayo dan Karyawan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis nilai tambah dengan metode Hayami dan rumus profitabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Proses pengolahan kopi menjadi sabun kopi menggunakan peralatan modern. Nilai tambah yang dihasilkan dalam pengolahn kopi menjadi sabun kopi sebesar 93,91%. Nilai profitabilitas yang  dihasilkan dalam proses pengolahan kopi menjadi sabun kopi sebesar 54,38%.
PERILAKU PASIEN DI PUSKESMAS RANTANG KOTA MEDAN DALAM MENCEGAH PENULARAN COVID-19
Authors: Frida Ester Mei , Simanullang Poniyah , Hura Fifin Erdiyani
Published: April 2023

Terjadinya Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada berbagai aspek, dimana salah satunya adalah aspek kesehatan. Angka kesakitan dan angka kematian meningkat akibat dari terjadinya pandemi tersebut. Penularannya dapat terjadi melalui sekresi lewat saluran pernapasan seperti batuk, bersin dan berbicara. Berbagai cara dilakukan untuk mengantisipasi dan memutuskan mata rantai penyebarannya. Banyak program dan himbauan yang dianjurkan untuk dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat seperti melakukan pola hidup sehat, mematuhi protokol kesehatan dan juga vaksinasi. Adapun yang menjadi tujuan daripada penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku daripada pasien yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Rantang didalam mencegah terjadinya penularan Covid-19 tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 350 rensponden. Sampelnya 80 orang, menggunakan teknik Non-probability Sampling dengan Consecutive Sampling.  Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juli 2021. Hasil yang diperoleh mayoritas pasien memiliki pengetahuan baik sebanyak 62 orang dengan persentase 77,5%, bersikap positif 48 orang (60%) dan melakukan pencegahan yaitu 44 orang (55%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa perilaku pasien dalam mencegah penularan memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang baik, dalam hal sikap mayoritas bersikap positif dan untuk hal tindakan masyarakat mau melakukan. Diharapkan agar seluruh masyarakat tetap mempertahankan dan mematuhi pelaksanaan program dalam upaya mencegah terjadinya penularan dan bagi pelayanan kesehatan tetap mempertahankan mutu dalam pemberian edukasi.
PROFITABILITY AND LIQUIDITY ON DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO WITH FIRM SIZE AS A MODERATING VARIABLE IN CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING COMPANIESLISTED ON INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Batubara Hade Chandra
Published: April 2023

The reason for this study is to decide the impact of Return On Resource and Current Proportion on Profit Payout Proportion with Firm Size as a Directing Variable in Development and Building Organizations. This study uses a kind of helpful investigation that means to separate the association between one variable and another or figure out the effect of free factors on bound. For hypothesis testing is outfitted with different apostatize tests and control break conviction tests. The different relapse test points on a similar premise as a straightforward or numerous connection, that is to say, to see if there is an impact between two factors and whether a moderate variable can direct the connection between two factors. Testing method utilized in this examination is purposive inspecting. The example of the review was picked in light of foreordained measures, from models that still up in the air by 6 organizations that meet the standards. From the consequences of this study demonstrated that there is impact of Return On Resource and Current Proportion to Profit Payout Proportion either to some degree or at the same time. Of the two free factors utilized, there are positive and adverse impacts where the Profit from Resource adversely influences the Profit Payout Proportion on Indonesian development and structures, furthermore, the Ongoing Proportion decidedly affects the Profit Payout Proportion at the development and building organization of Indonesia, then, at that point, from the consequences of this study demonstrated that Firm Size can direct the relationship of Return On Resource for Profit Payout Proportion and Current Proportion to Profit Payout Proportion at the development and building organization of Indonesia.
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS IN THE SURFACE MOUNT TECHNOLOGY (SMT) INDUSTRY WITH A LEAN MANUFACTURING APPROACH
Authors: Zuryensi Zuryensi , Asrol Muhammad
Published: April 2023

The Manufacturing industry needs commitment for continuous improvements in various aspects of technology and business processes currently in-use. This allow companies to streamline processes and costs incurred in production operations, so that productivity continues to increase and they are no waste elements occurs. This study aims to analyse the non-value added/wasted Sufrace Mount Technology (SMT) production process and based on results formulate recommendations to mimimize these negative factors to increase Surface Mount Technology (SMT) production efficiency. Additionally this study allows to conduct sensitivity analysis and introduce cost benefit factors in optimised production process. Method uses in this researches is VSM, VALSAT, WAM, RCA, and FMEA. Based on the results of Current State VSM, the PCE value is 9.18%, which means that the production process is not efficient. Using VALSAT method with PAM tools allow us to calcute following values: VA is 84.5, NVA is 420 and NNVA is 60. Utilizing WAM we can identify that waste in aspects like waiting, transportation and motion have the highest engagment in current non-optimized process. This is also exposed to RCA, root cause of current inefficencies in SMT production process are caused by capacity of the chip mounting and not properly utilisation of IC mounting machines. It is proven that the highest RPN on FMEA is motivated by engine capacity that is not used efficently. Authors suggest to create a new line in the SMT process by using same number of Chip and IC mounting machines with addition of several new machines to support current process.
LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT BUS DRIVERS DUE TO AN ACCIDENT WHICH CAUSED A PASSENGER TO DIE BASED LAW NUMBER 22 OF 2019 REGARDING TRAFFIC AND ROAD TRANSPORT (Study of the Decision of the Simalungun District Court Number 55/Pid.Sus/2019/PN Sim)
Authors: Lubis Muhammad Ansori
Published: April 2023

Traffic accidents result in many casualties, and perpetrators may be charged with murder due to negligence or negligence while driving. This application is regulated by Law No. 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Transportation. The research method is descriptive analysis, which leads to normative legal research, i.e. research with reference to legal norms, i.e. the study of library materials and secondary sources. Secondary data processed from primary legal data, secondary legal data, and tertiary legal data. As a result, Article 310, No. 22 of the Road Traffic Act of 2009 provides regulations for driver negligence resulting in death, and targets drivers who cause fatal accidents due to negligent driving. In the world of other people's death, punishable by imprisonment not exceeding six years or a fine not exceeding rupiah. 12,000,000.- (12 million) Rupiah. In the case of intentional death in a traffic accident that endangers the safety of road users by intentionally driving a motor vehicle in a dangerous manner, the determination of the criminal act as intentional negligence is governed by Article 311 of the Act. 22nd, 2009 on Road Traffic and Transportation.
PERAN KEBIJAKAN MUTASI DAN PENEMPATAN KARYAWAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN DAN KUALITAS KERJA KARYAWAN OUTSOURCING PERUSAHAAN: REVIEW LITERATURE
Authors: Mulyadi Tirta , Albashori Muhammad Fatkhurohman , Cakranegara Pandu Adi , Anwa Muh. Abduh. , Manda Darmawati
Published: April 2023

Kebijakan mutase yang diterapkan perusahaan memberikan dampak positif pada perusahaan. Mutase tersebut bisa berupakan penghargaan pada karyawan supaya merasa puas dan dapat meningkatkan kualitas kerjanya. Mutase berhubungan dengan penempatan kerja karyawan pada posisi tertentu. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya strategi yang baik supaya tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam penempatan kerja karyawan supaya tidak berdampak negative pada kepuasan dan kinerja karyawan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literature dengan mereview beberapa hasil penelitian sebelumnya yang bersumber dari artikel-artikel berupatsi nasional dan internasional. Hasil penelitian tersebut dianalisis, dan dijadikan bahan diskusi untuk menentukan jawaban dari permasalahan mengenai hubungan kebijakan mutase dan penempatan kerja karyawan pada kepausan dan kualitas kerja karyawan. Semua gagasan dari setiap kajian memberikan informasi mengenai teori yang diinginkan secara metodelogis terhadap kajian yang dianalisis. Hasil review literature menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan postif antara kebijakan mutase dan penempatan kerja karyawan pada kepuasan dan kualitas kerja karyawan.
PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DAN TALENT. MANAGEMENT. PRACTICE. TERHADAP. EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE. YANG. DIMEDIASI. OLEH. EMPLOYEE. ENGAGEMENT. DI HOTEL BINTANG EMPAT KOTA BATAM
Authors: Yuswardi Yuswardi , Rosadah Rina
Published: April 2023

Adapun Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk menelusuri apakah tanggung jqwab perusahaan dan praktik bakat menejemen berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan keterlibatan karyawan sebagai mediasi dengan perusahaan yang dijadikan objek ialah hotel. bintang empat. di kota batam dengan bantuan sarana google form dan wawancara untuk mendapatkan informasi serta data analisis. Pada hasil pengujian data yang telah dilakukan memaparkan bahwa beberapa variabel independent corporate social responsisibility, promotion practice, performance appraisal Practice memiliki hubungan signifikan positif. terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan keterlibatan karyawan sebagai variabel mediasi. Ini bisa terjadi dengan adanya dukungan yang baik dari tanggung jawab. Sosial. perusahaan dan praktik manajemen bakat yang. dibantu dengan keterlibatan karyawan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan sehingga pekerjaan dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. namun terdapat satu variabel yang berpengaruh negative yaitu succession planning practice.
ANALISIS KINERJA KESEHATAN KEUANGAN MENGGUNAKAN RASIO LIKUIDITAS DAN SOLVABILITAS TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2017-2021
Authors: Hertina Dede , Ramadhina Adinda Triana
Published: April 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kinerja kesehatan keuangan perusahaan asuransi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2017 sampai dengan tahun 2021, penelitian ini akan menggunakan rasio likuiditas (Cash Ratio), solvabilitas (Debt to Asset Ratio), dan profitabilitas (Return on Assets). . Enam dari dua belas bisnis dipilih sebagai sampel penelitian berdasarkan studi dokumentasi dan studi literatur. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa solvabilitas tidak dipengaruhi secara positif oleh variabel likuiditas dan solvabilitas dalam penelitian ini. Likuiditas dan solvabilitas menyumbang 10,84% dari total, dengan faktor lain di luar ruang lingkup model penelitian ini menyumbang 89,16% sisanya. Rasio profitabilitas mendapat manfaat dari rasio pendanaan. Rasio profitabilitas tidak dipengaruhi oleh rasio likuiditas.
VISUAL READING TECHNIQUE INNOVATION IN FILM SCREENING FOR PEOPLE WITH VISUAL DISABILITIES
Authors: Widjajanto Kenmada , Surya Ibrahim Adi , Sumpena Della Dwinanti , D Soerachman
Published: April 2023

Naturally, films are created for humans with normal hearing and vision functions. The question is, is it true that people who have visual disabilities are not able to  enjoy movies? A Technical Services Unit of  Indonesian Ministry of Social Affairs located in Cimahi, West Java, named Sentra Abiyoso, has developed an innovative facilities for people with visual impairments, which is called “Bioskop Berbisik”, meaning whispering cinema.  At Bioskop Berbisik, the visually impaired audiences will get help from a visual narrators who tell the storyline of the film. The presence of Bioskop Berbisik Sentra Abiyoso Cimahi is a manifestation of the fifth principle of Pancasila, Social Justice for All Indonesian People, as well as a manifestation of  SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals, UN General Assembly Agreement in 2015). As a model of social services for people with visual impairments, the presence of Bioskop Berbisik is interesting and important to observe and study, to see how the beneficiaries feel the sensations, and how the expected management strategy could continue consistently. To get the answer, the writers conducted research using the social experimental method with students of  SLBN-A Citeurep Cimahi as respondents.The conclusion of the study provides an answer that Bioskop Berbisik of Sentra Abiyoso Cimahi provides great benefits for people with visual impairments. On the other hand, the management of Sentra Abiyoso as a social service facility under the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia needs support from various parties to  maintain its sustainability and expand its benefits.
ANDROID SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI ( STUDI KASUS : TK KUNCUP HARAPAN)
Authors: Silitonga Suwito Bastian , Suryana Ase
Published: April 2023

Pendidikan adalah suatu sarana pembelajaran dimana kita dapat mengetahui atau mendasari ilmu pengetahuan yang sangat luas dan mencakup banyak aspek melalui sebuah pengajaran. Salah satu cara/metode yang mungkin menarik minat pada anak usia dini untuk mau belajar adalah dengan bermain, melihat sebuah video menarik atau berlatih soal" yang bisa menuntun anak tersebut agar bisa terbiasa untuk menerapkan kegiatan belajar di kehidupannya sehari-hari. Tujuan diterapkannya pendidikan dari mulai usia dini adalah melatih dan mengajarkan etika-etika yang sudah harus diterapkan dari mulai kecil, contohnya etika dalam beragama, etika moral, dll. Sehingga diwaktu sudah beranjak dewasa, anak tersebut sudah paham dengan apa saja yang boleh dilakukan dan apa saja yang harus dihindari. Sistem pembelajaran berbasis android dapat membantu suasana pembelajaran menjadi lebih menyenangkan dan menghilangkan rasa bosan.
ANALISA MODEL BISNIS KANVAS DALAM PENDIRIAN UNISBA BISNIS CORNER
Authors: Yuristama Agus Prakarsa , Sarip Udin
Published: April 2023

Artikel ini akan membahas model bisnis yang diperkenalkan oleh Osterwalder dan Pigneur yang dikenal dengan model bisnis kanvas sebagai alat untuk membantu pengusaha dalam memetakan dan membuktikan secara ringkas mengenai business plan yang dimiliki oleh suatu perusahaan dimana tergambar dengan jelas elemen inti dalam sebuah bisnis. Model bisnis kanvas terdiri dari 9 (sembilan) bagian bangunan skets atau kanvas yang terdiri dari : customer segments, value proposition, channels, customer relationship, reveneu streams, key resources, key activities, key partnership dan cost structure. Dalam artikel ini konsep model bisnis kanvas diimplementasikan dalam konsep bisnis Unisba Halal Corner, yaitu usaha gabungan dari masing-masing keahlian mahasiswa.
PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP SISWA MAN 1 TERNATE DALAM MENCEGAH TINDAK PELECEHAN DAN KEKERASAN SEKSUAL
Authors: Yusuf Yusmar , Arifin A Agustan , Ramli Muhammad Riswan
Published: April 2023

Banyaknya kasus pelecehan yang terjadi di lingkungan pendidikan seperti sekolah atau kampus, sehingga penting untuk mencari tahu sejauh mana pengetahuan siswa terkait bentuk dari tindak pelecehan dan kekerasan seksual. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh data awal tentang pengetahuan dan sikap siswa yang nantinya akan dijadikan bahan evaluasi dan dapat digunakan sebagai tindak lanjut dalam memberi sosialisasi, edukasi tentang perilaku kekerasan dan pelecehan seksual, dan pengembangan metode atau model untuk mengembangkan self-efficacy pada siswa, demi menjaga diri dan masa depan peserta didik sejak dini. Penelitian in imerupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, untuk dijabarkan secara teratur berdasarkan fakta. Dimana subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa MAN 1 Ternate sebanyak 35 siswa dengan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel penelitian ini yaitu pengetahuan dan sikap siswa. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen berupa angket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat ditemukan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan siswa MAN 1 Ternate tentang tindak pelecehan seksual berada pada kategori cukup, sehingga menjadi bahan kajian untuk dapat ditingkatkan. Sedangkan hasil yang didapatkan untuk sikap siswa menunjukkan hasil yang positif yaitu 96,91% memilih untuk melaporkan, melawan dan menegur pelaku jika terjadi tindak pelecehan seksual pada dirinya ataupun sekitarnya.
IMPLEMENTATION OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND TURNOVER INTENTION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE (HR STUDY ON EMPLOYEES OF CV. CENDEKIA MUDA)
Authors: Arta Deddy Novie Citra
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of knowledge management and turnover intention on employee performance. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature study. The results of the research on the relationship between knowledge management variables and employee performance is 0.864, the relationship between turnover intention and employee performance is 0.144, and the effect of knowledge management and turnover intention on employee performance is 75.3%. The remaining 24.7% is caused by factors other than this research. The results of the F test calculation obtained F table 50.426 which was calculated at 3.28 indicating knowledge management (X1) and turnover intention (X2) have a significant effect on employee performance (Y).
PERENCANAAN GEDUNG JURUSAN KEMARITIMAN POLITEKNIK NEGERI SAMARINDA PENEKANAN PADA ARSITEKTUR KONSTEKTUAL
Authors: Hakim Bhanu Rizfa , Hidayati Zakiah , Fatimah Siti
Published: April 2023

Politeknik Negeri Samarinda merupakan salah satu perguruan tinggi negeri yang berada di Kota Samarinda. Salah satu jurusannya adalah Kemaritiman. Dan ada tiga program studi yang di adakan yaitu Nuatik, Ketatalaksanaan Pelayaran Niaga dan Kepelabuhan (KPNK), dan Teknika. Jurusan Maritim Politeknik Negeri Samarinda terus mengalami perkembangan setiap tahunnya dan melihat kondisi yang ada sekarang, jauhnya akses kampus Kemaritiman yang ada di Sempaja, hal ini yang mendorong pembangunan infrastruktur  dan fasilitas dalam satu Kawasan Politeknik Negeri Samarinda, untuk memudahkan Mahasiswa dan Pengajar agar selalu dapat berkomunikasi dan berurusan dengan mudah bila berdirinya gedung maritim dalam satu Kawasan Polnes. Arsitektur Kontekstual merupakan konsep arsitektur yang digunakan untuk menciptakan rancangan bangunan dan aspek-aspeknya. Pendekatan ini mempertimbangkan karakteritsik  setempat dimana bangunan akan didirikan sehingga hasil rancangan dapat berkesinambungan dengan kondisi lahan eksisting. Organisasi ruang yang direncanakan pada bangunan ini terdiri dari ruang -ruang  lain  yang  berkaitan  satu  sama  lain  menurut  fungsinya, sehingga terorganisir menjadi pola -pola bentuk dan ruang yang saling berkaitan.
PERANCANGAN VISUAL BRANDING BLASTERAN CAFFE SAMARINDA
Authors: Fulkha Tajri M  , Ngabito Olivia Febrianty , Yendra Sasferi
Published: April 2023

Abstrak

 

Blasteran Caffe merupakan sebuah caffe yang berdiri sejak tahun 2017 di Samarinda. Proses perancangan visual branding ini dilakukan untuk memunculkan kembali identitas Blasteran Caffe yang memiliki menu yang berbeda dari kompetitor, memiliki brand selain makanan dan minuman yakni berupa sabun cair yang dipergunakan untuk mencuci piring/gelas dan pakaian (handmade) serta perluasan segmen pasar yang ada dilingkungan masyarakat sekitar yang mayoritas mahasiswa. Metode yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis SWOT guna mendapatkan visual yang sesuai dengan konsep Blasteran Caffe. Kegiatan tersebut meliputi : konsep visual (typografi, warna, elemen grafis), kemudian diaplikasikan dalam bentuk foto produk, buku menu, stiker dan penanda lokasi (signed). Visual branding yang dilakukan ini diharapkan mendapatkan efek lebih dalam mencitrakan indentitas baru dari Blasteran Caffe Samarinda dengan kesan yang simpel, elegan dan mudah diingat oleh konsumen khususnya dilingkungan Blasteran Caffe itu sendiri.

 

Kata Kunci : Blasteran Caffe, Visual Branding, Indentitas,
Character Identification in a Breastless Novel by Betty Sitorus
Authors: Demon Yosef , Yohanes Sehandi
Published: April 2023

Factual social phenomena related to life and human life are a source of inspiration that never runs dry for a writer of literary works. The Novel Breastless by Betty Sitorus is a work of fiction based on the fact that cancer sufferers are suffering. This study seeks to reveal how the main character in the novel Breastless by Betty Sitorus fights cancer? Thus the purpose of this study is to identify the main character in the novel Breastless Betty Sitorus' work against cancer. The approach used is a qualitative approach the research method used is the library method and is enhanced by reading, note-taking and underlining techniques. The theory used is the theory of Literary Psychology. The results of this study prove that the main character in the novel Breastless Betty Sitorus' works include a number of characters such as shock, anxiety, fear, compassion, patience, optimism, alertness, belief in traditional medicine, confidence, and positive thinking.
OPTIMIZATION OF VACUUM SYSTEM ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN AN INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   .................................., JO Cheikh OBASEN
Published: April 2023

Greenhouse emissions are increasing, and the future of the earth and humanity is at stake. Many governments in the world have committed to reduce carbon emissions. At the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris, France, an agreement has been reached to hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. Vacuum systems are very present in industry (agrifood, pharmaceuticals, chemicals) and energy consumers. There is a lack in the literature on this subject. This study includes an in-depth analysis of the possibilities for reducing energy consumption on vacuum systems and the financial savings as well. It is demonstrated that energy consumption can be reduced between 90% and 99% (depending on the application).
Global Public Debt Since 1995: Long-Term Trends, Current Phase, Medium-Term Outlook for Economic Growth
Authors:   Department of International Capital Markets, Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Kudinova M.M.
Published: April 2023

Topic. The paper aims to identify long-term trends in global public debt (since 1995), provide its current overview (the magnitude of debt, concentration levels among participants and instruments, risk factors in the current phase of debt accumulation) and estimate its impact on global economic development over the medium term. This analysis has significant scientific and practical relevance due to the unprecedented character of factors affecting global level of indebtedness in the past few years (the Covid-19 pandemic since 2020 and the biggest military conflict in Europe since the Second World War since 2022). Methods. The main sources for the research were reports, outlooks and data bases of national regulators and international organizations (International Monetary Fund, World Bank, Bank for International Settlements, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) concerning public debt, research in this field conducted by leading research centers and financial market participants. Results. Two major periods in global debt development over time are shown: 1995 – 2007-08 with stable relative global public debt level, and since 2008 – rising levels of public debt. High levels of concentration in the global debt market and even in higher degree the government securities market are analyzed. These markets are characterized by the highly uneven distribution of debt among advanced and developing economies, state and local governments (central governments are main borrowers), instruments (predominantly global debt is issued through bonds nominated in domestic currencies with a straight fix rate). Risk factors in the current (since 2010) wave of global debt accumulation are described: 1. the magnitude of accumulated debt, its higher rate of growth and distribution among countries; 2. debt accumulation during a prolonged period of weak economic growth and investment activity in the 2010s; 3. the consequences of Covid pandemic and the military conflict in Ukraine. Economic repercussions of a high level of the country’s indebtedness, including its threshold level, are shown. Many key participants of the global public debt market (especially advanced economies) are exposed beyond such threshold. Policy tools for reducing public debt are listed. Preliminary estimates of the medium-term impact of the global debt market conjuncture on global economic development are given. The existence of self-amplifying risks of global stagflation and public debt crisis is revealed. Discussion. The impact of extraordinary factors affecting economic development in the world from 2020 on the global public debt market requires further research.
Analysis of Social Assistance and Provincial Unexpected Expenditure in Indonesia Before and After Covid-19 (Time Series Analysis: 2019 – 2021)
Authors:   Universitas Terbuka, Tangerang- Indonesia, Juwita Rakhmini
Published: April 2023

Social assistance spending and unexpected spending are interesting instruments to study concerning the Covid-19 pandemic, as it is well known that this budget allocation is also widely used to finance Covid-19 handling activities. The focus of the objectives of this research is to analyze the variance, growth, and efficiency of social assistance spending and unexpected spending for each provincial government in Indonesia in the period before and after Covid-19, namely 2019 – 2021. This research is a type of quantitative descriptive research. The data source used in this study is secondary data with time series data analysis. Data were obtained by researchers indirectly, namely through intermediary media at the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance (DJPK) Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. The analytical method used in this research is the analysis of variance, growth, and efficiency. The results of the study show that the variance of provincial government social assistance spending in Indonesia in 2019 – 2021 has different values, but on average it experiences flavourable variance. In 2019 - 2021 there will be very extreme growth fluctuations in social assistance spending and unexpected spending, especially in 2020. Several provincial governments are inefficient in spending on social assistance and unexpected spending in 2019 - 2021, this is one of them affected by the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Communication Tools and E-Learning: A Revolution in the Research Methodology of Communication for a Pedagogical Scenario
Authors:   A research team in educational science, language didactics, human and social sciences, Higher Normal School of Tetouan, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco., Zahra Ouariach Fatima , Amel Nejjari Amel ,   A research team in educational science, language didactics, human and social sciences, Higher Normal School of Tetouan, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco., Mohamed Khaldi ,   A research team in Computer Science and University Pedagogical Engineering (S2IPU), Higher Normal School of Tetouan, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco.
Published: April 2023

Communication is a source of motivation and cohesion, so knowing how to communicate is a way to facilitate e-learning interactions and group/class dynamics through various communication tools. Communication tools and e-learning have brought major changes to teaching and learning. These tools include online learning platforms, forums, webinars, online videos, podcasts, social media, and other advanced communication technologies. They allow learners and teachers to communicate and collaborate remotely, offering increased flexibility and accessibility. It is important to design instructional programs that effectively integrate these online learning and communication tools into the instructional scenario. E-learning allows teachers to choose from a variety of synchronous and asynchronous methods. Asynchronous methods allow for additional communication, while real-time or synchronous methods allow for in-process communication. The choice of communication tools associated with the training modules depends on the learning activity the trainer wants to perform. In this case, we recommend that you offer a variety of communication tools and design your e-learning course to meet the needs of your learners.
Measurement of Thoracic Aortic Diameter Using Contrast-Enhanced CT Chest Based on Age, Gender, and Hypertension
Authors: Irma Ade , Daulay Elvita Rahmi , Lubis Anggia Chairuddin
Published: April 2023

Introduction: CT is widely used to evaluate patients with aneurysm or aortic dissection. Therefore, it is very important to assess accurate aortic size in detecting aneurysm and dissection. The thoracic aortic diameter varies depending on the measurement level. Several demographic factors affect the thoracic aorta diameter such as age and gender. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as hypertension also have a relationship with the diameter of the thoracic aorta. To determine the difference of thoracic aorta diameter based on age, sex, and history of hypertension in patients with contrast-enhanced CT chest.
Method: A case-control study in 140 patients with contrast-enhanced CT chest without signs or symptoms of car¬diovascular diseases. Thoracic aortic diameters were measured at seven predetermined levels on CT images. Analysis of data was performed with regard to age, sex, and hypertension.
Results: The mean diameters of the thoracic aorta at the level of the aortic valve sinus is 3.06 ± 0.39 cm, ascending aorta 2.90 ± 0.39 cm, proximal to innominate artery 2.73 ± 0.39 cm, transverse aortic arch 2.53 ± 0.38, distal transverse aortic arch 2.37 ± 0.35, aortic isthmus 2.17 ± 0.33, and descending aorta at the level of diaphragm 1.91 ± 0.33 cm. There is a significant difference in all thoracic aortic diameters based on age and gender on statistical analysis (p<0.001). There is a significant difference in all thoracic aortic diameters between subjects with history of hypertension and without history of hypertension, except at the level of transverse aortic arch (p<0.051).
Conclusion: There is a difference in the mean thoracic aortic diameter at each level of measurement based on age, sex, and history of hypertension in patients with contrast-enhanced CT chest.
Associations between Depression and Anxiety with Sleep Quality in Post Stroke Patients
Authors: Surbakti Utama Hadiputra , R.A. Dwi Pujiastuti  , Kiking Ritarwan
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Sleep disorders are common in stroke patients and can affect 20% - 78% of patients. Stroke patients also often experience depression and anxiety associated with a decrease in the patient's sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between depression and anxiety with sleep quality in post-stroke patients.
Method: This study used a cross-sectional design. The research subjects were post-stroke patients at the neuro polyclinic at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan and Satellite Hospital during July - December 2022 who met the inclusion criteria. Assessment of depression, anxiety and sleep quality used Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Questionnaires, respectively. Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation test.
Results: Bivariate analysis found that there was a strong relationship between the HDRS score and the PSQI score (r = 0.708; p <0.001), and the HARS score and PSQI (r = 0.650; p <0.001).
Conclusion: There was strong correlation between depression and anxiety with sleep quality in post-stroke patients.
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ASSOCIATED DISORDERS OF CATARACT PATIENTS ATTENDED MAKKAH HOSPITAL IN ADEN, YEMEN
Authors: Gaffer Ibtihal Aidroos Zain , Saleh Reem Alkhader
Published: April 2023

The objective is to determine the demographic characteristics, and the proportion of associated factors of cataract. This was a hospital based cross-sectional study among adult patients attending Makkah hospital in Aden. We obtained all demographic and associated factors of cataract. SPSS 17 version was used. All variables were compared according to the sex and age groups. Variables were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. Chi-square analysis was used. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study patients were 186 cataract patients, (Females were 51.1% and males were 49.9%). The age of the patients ranged between 25 to 92 years and the mean age was 61.1 ±11.1 years. The majority patients (82.8%) were of the age group > 50 years. Most of the patients were from urban 56.5%. About (15.6%) cataract patients were smokers. Most of smokers were males 12.9%. One hundred and eleven (59.7%) of the patients gave history of exposure to sunlight, (p = 0.000). Housewives represented (39.2%), (p=0.000). About (14.7%) of the patients were diabetic. Cataract is the commonest cause of visual impairment worldwide and though it affects all age groups. It is more prevalent among people aged 50 years and more. Old age patients from urban and rural areas are the most commonly affected by cataract.
Nuevas tecnologías para el control y seguridad fronteriza
Authors: Ayala Henry , Yange Willians , Enriquez Carolina , Tamayo Heidy
Published: April 2023

En este documento se presenta una descripción de los avances y nuevas tecnologías desarrolladas para el control de la seguridad fronteriza y de uso militar. Se realizó una revisión sistemática considerando artículos científicos de bases relacionadas con avances tecnológicos de donde se obtuvoinformación referente a nuevas técnicas, aplicativos, algoritmos, dispositivos para el monitoreo y sistemas biométricos que operan con inteligencia artificial, aprendizaje de máquina para dar soporte a la seguridad y control en el paso fronterizo de personas, armamento, productos y objetos no permitidos por las reglamentaciones vigentes de las naciones. El avance tecnológico alrededor del mundo permite el constante desarrollo de nuevas alternativas que se contraponen a las nuevas y mejoras en las técnicas fraudulentas para el paso de personas y objetos de manera ilegal.
EL DERECHO A LA TUTELA JUDICIAL EFECTIVA EN LA JURISDICCIÓN ADMINISTRATIVA Y EL DEBIDO PROCESO EN ECUADOR
Authors: Cevallos Ortega Francisco Javier , Mena Manzanillas Paulina Leticia
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo analiza la actuación del Consejo de la Judicatura del Ecuador como órgano administrativo al aplicar la sanción disciplinaria del error inexcusable, cuya decisión trae consigo la destitución de los Jueces;  el problema tiene relación con el procedimiento que se aplica en este tipo de sumarios, ya que la declaración de dicha figura sancionatoria debe ser advertida dentro de la misma vía jurisdiccional por los mismos Jueces que conocen las causas ordinarias y constitucionales vía recursos, conforme lo establece el Art. 131.3 del Código Orgánico de la Función Judicial y no como lo podría  haber realizado dicho organismo vulnerando el debido proceso y  la misma independencia Judicial consagrada en el Art. 76.3 y 168 de la Constitución del Ecuador respectivamente; incluso la Corte IDH ha hecho referencia a esta cuestión en su jurisprudencia, a la que Ecuador se encuentra adherido.
MITOCHONDRIA : AS A PROTAGONIST IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS IN BRIEF OVERVIEW
Authors: Dharmalingam Karthick , Prisi Shailata , Choudhary Sarita
Published: April 2023

Neurological disorders pose a great burden in general health. It is not astounding that mitochondrial malfunction emerging as a leading factor in myriad of neurological disorders. Mitochondria are extremely active cell organelles performing various functions most importantly, providing ATP to sustain cellular processes. Mitochondrial dysfunction results in altered neuronal bioenergetics, redox equilibrium and dynamics of cell and acts as focal point of pathogenesis in many human diseases including neurological disorders. Mitochondrial dynamics regulates pathways involving oxidative stress and apoptosis. Often mitochondrial division imbalance and fusion leads to mitochondrial functional impairment. Extreme variations in mitochondrial fusion causes increased mutation rate which along with increased oxidative stress can facilitate development of various neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s diseases and so on. Mitochondria has a key role in regulation of apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mutations can have deleterious effects on neuronal functioning as neurons have high energy demand with restricted regenerative potential. Certain neuroprotective agents restores the functions of mitochondria and acts therapeutic regimens of neurodegenerative diseases.
Finite Element Analysis of a Continuous Sandwich Beam resting on Elastic Support and Subjected to Two Degree of Freedom Sprung Vehicles
Authors: Hien Ta Duy , Hung Nguyen Duy , Hiep Nguyen Trong , Tan Giap Van , Thuan Nguyen Van
Published: April 2023

This paper has developed a Finite Element Method (FEM) to calculate the dynamic response of a continuous sandwich beam resting on elastic support subjected to moving vehicles. The equation of motion is derived using the classical beam theory and FEM. The vehicle model is a two Degree of Freedom (2DOF) system that moves with a constant velocity. The governing equation of motion is integrated by applying the Wilson-θ time integration method to obtain the dynamic response in each time step. Numerical examples investigate the displacement of the sandwich beam with various values of the structure and vehicle velocity. The effects of the stiffness of elastic support and the vehicle velocity on displacement are studied.
NURBS-based Isogeometric Analysis and Refined Plate Theory Application on a Functionally Graded Plate Subjected to Random Loads
Authors: Hiep Nguyen Trong , Dan Dao Sy , Diem Nguyen Dang , Tien Dao Ngoc
Published: April 2023

In structural design standards, loads are often assumed to be random quantities to give load factors. This study deals with the Stochastic Isogeometric Analysis (SIGA) for a Functionally Graded Plate (FGP) subjected to random distribution loads. The spatial random variation of distribution loads is modeled as a homogeneous Gaussian random field in the plane of the functionally graded plate. The governing equation of the functional grade plate is derived using the NURBS-based isogeometric analysis and the refined plate theory. SIGA is developed based on standard NURBS-based isogeometric analysis in conjunction with the first-order perturbation expansions of random loads. This approach was verified with Monte Carlo simulation, and the numerical results showed the effect of random loads on the variation of displacements and stresses of the functionally graded plate.
A Stochastic Simulator of a Multi-Component Distillation Tower Built as an Excel Macro
Authors: Chew Hernandez Mario Luis , Viveros Rosas Leopoldo , Perez Torres Jose Roberto
Published: April 2023

Dynamic process simulation is widely used in teaching controller design, as it allows foreseeing the performance of different control configurations and controller tunings. Currently, most college-level controller design exercises that are based on simulation consider deterministic perturbations (i.e. steps or ramps). In real life however, processes are more likely to face fluctuating, random disturbances, so the use of stochastic simulation in controller tuning exercises would provide students with an experience closer to their future professional practice than that provided by deterministic simulation. However, public institutions attempting to use dynamic, stochastic simulators in teaching, are hindered by the need of buying licenses of simulation packages or specialized programming languages (such as Matlab), as there aren´t any dynamic, stochastic simulators available as downloadable freeware. This paper shows a dynamic, stochastic simulator with a friendly interface of a distillation tower, developed as an Excel macro. This simulator has the advantage that it can be used at no cost to educational institutions since Excel is almost universally known and used by college faculties.
Temperature Evolution and Heating Rates of Biomass undergoing Ablative Pyrolysis
Authors: Mankeed Panupong , Khuenkaeo Nattawut , Malik Fawad R. , Tippayawong Nakorn
Published: April 2023

The ablative reactor may be employed to enable fast pyrolysis to produce bio-oil from relatively large-sized biomass samples. Ablation mainly involves direct compressive force and conductive heat transfer between a hot surface and the biomass materials. Temperature evolution and heating rates are important operating factors in the biomass thermal conversion process. In this work, experimental and analytical investigations were carried out for different vertical dimensions of the biomass samples (2-20mm) and hot plate temperatures (400-550°C). It was shown that the thermal characteristics of the biomass were mainly affected by the transient conditions. It was observed that volatile release occurred during the transient heat transfer periods. It was found that at the maximum hot plate temperature of 550°C, the highest heating rate that could be achieved by ablation was more than 600°C/min.
Numerical Investigation of the Axially Compressive Behavior of Circular Concrete Encased Steel Composite (CESC) Columns
Authors: Le Hoang An
Published: April 2023

This research presents a numerical investigation of circular Concrete Encased Steel Composite (CESC) columns. To simulate the circular CESC columns under axial compression in the previous tests, a Finite Element Model (FEM) with some modifications of material models for the steel and concrete was established in ABAQUS software. The curves of load versus longitudinal displacement and the ultimate loads obtained from the FEM were compared with those measured in previous tests. The numerical results agreed well with the test results. Furthermore, the distribution of the stresses on the cross-section at different heights and the effect of initial imperfections were observed by the FEM results. A highly confined concrete zone enclosed by steel web and steel flanges was observed. Finally, the established FEM was used in the parametric study that investigated the influence of concrete strength, steel yield strength, and spacing of the spiral hoops.
Anti-Vibration Control of Turntable Ladders by a Steel Rope-Hydraulic Control System
Authors: Nguyen Van Tinh
Published: April 2023

Anti-vibration control of turntable ladders is effective by controlling the steel ropes inserted in the hollow handrails. Previous studies that considered idealized conditions, such as ignoring friction, piston mass, and hydraulic oil compressibility, can not be strongly generalized. This study addresses these problems by describing in detail the equipment serving the anti-vibration solution, building a mathematical model for the steel rope hydraulic control system considering the above factors, and controlling the rapid extinguishing of vibrations on a model simulated in Matlab-Simulink. Furthermore, the simulation of the relationship between the control signal and oil flow through the proportional distribution valve produced a signal flow curve that was asymptotic to the actual. The results showed a difference compared to previous studies. Although the solution was only implemented on the lowest ladder section with the most unfavorable conditions, the time for vibration on the top ladder reached amplitudes of 3 and 5mm in 3 and 5s for empty and full baskets, respectively.
Multi-level Association Rule Mining for the Discovery of Strong Underrepresented Patterns
Authors: Malamsha Glory C. , Nyambo Devotha G.
Published: April 2023

Increasing the milk production of small dairy producers is necessary to cover the increase in milk demand in Tanzania. Currently, the population of people in both Tanzania and the world has increased and is predicted to increase more in the year 2050. The use of multilevel association rule mining methods to mine strong patterns among smallholder dairy farmers could help in identifying the best dairy farming practices and increase their milk production by adopting them. This study employed multi-level association rule mining to discover strong rules in three clusters, resulting in three levels of rules in each cluster. These three clusters were high, medium, and low milk producers. Rules were obtained for feeding practices, milk production, and breeding and health practices. These rules represent strong patterns among smallholder dairy farmers that could help them improve their dairy farming practices and have a gradual increase in milk production, from low to medium and from medium to higher milk production. Smallholder dairy producers would be provided with recommendations on their dairy farming practices, using rules based on the cluster to which they belong that could help them achieve higher milk production.
Torque Control of an In-Wheel Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor using a Fuzzy Logic Controller for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Ha Vo Thanh
Published: April 2023

This paper presents the control design of an in-wheel axial-flux permanent magnet synchronous motor with one stator and one rotor, using a fuzzy logic controller for electric vehicles. In this controller, the surgeon ambiguous inference file is built by two input vectors, the stator current error and the derivative of the stator error. These input variables include five membership functions: Negative Big (NB), Negative Small (NS), Equal Zero (ZE), Positive Small (PS), and Positive Big (PB). The fuzzy logic controller was implemented using a 5×5 matrix to meet the required output stator voltage of the controller. The fuzzy logic torque controller was compared with the PI controller in stator current response, torque, and speed. The proposed controller was evaluated using simulation results from MATLAB/SIMULINK.
A Comparative Study of the Dam Stability at Various Stages using Numerical Modeling and in Situ Measurements
Authors: Allout Naas , Douara Taha-Hocine , Guettala Salim , Charrak Hicham , Boudina Tounsia
Published: April 2023

Earth dams remain the most used means of water mobilization in Algeria, due to their lower cost compared to concrete gravity dams and their capacity to resist better to seismic excitations. A study of the hydraulic structure was carried out in this paper, according to simple rules and empirical approaches. During the last decade, several high earth dams have suffered significant failures of the upstream or downstream slopes at the end of construction, after the initial impoundment, and under seismic loads. To prevent this occurrence or to minimize the damage in these hydraulic structures, a reexamination of the earth dams' behavior using more elaborate calculation methods is necessary. The purpose of the current study is to numerically model the behavior and analyze the stability of earth dams in terms of displacements at the end of construction, after the initial impoundment, during an earthquake, and compare these displacements with those measured in situ. A case study was conducted for the Taksebt - Tizi Ouzou dam by using the Plaxis 2D calculation code and the finite element method. The comparison of the obtained results shows a close concordance with the monitoring results of the dam carried out by various specialized organizations.