bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migration as an economic component of the European countries' development
Authors: But Tetiana
Published: November 2024

Most European countries view migrants as individuals who can increase the country's economic stability in the long run. Our purpose of the article was to determine the impact of Ukrainian migration on the development of the economic component of European countries. We began by analysing migration trends by country, identifying the sharp increase in migrants to Europe and the transport routes for crossing the border, and the European countries' financial challenges due to migrants, which indicated an uneven distribution of migrants in European countries. The methodology of the empirical research was based on theoretical analysis of scientific literature on migration issues; methods: Analysis and synthesis; systemic; comparative; historical; Pareto principle; and expert assessments of numerous statistical reports of international data. The results pointed to the largest migration of the Ukrainian population in history caused by the war in Europe. Various EU support programs for Ukrainian migrants contributed to increasing the labour force, population growth in Europe, and the economic well-being of the European countries' populations. As a result, 2 hypotheses were tested, which revealed: 1Н: European countries' economy is developing due to the migration of the Ukrainian population to Europe; 2Н: Ukrainian refugees have been integrating successfully since the beginning of the war in Europe. The originality of the study was determined by the development of the Scheme of generalised efficiency of implementation of the directions of the «Programme of simplified legalisation in the EU for Ukrainians», the directions of which will enable the formation of a new economic model of reforms in the European Union, which will create favourable conditions for the legalisation and further integration of Ukrainian migrants in the EU, thereby contributing to the welfare of migrants and the development of European countries.
Nuevos datos sobre la biología y distribución de Sibinia exigua Faust, 1885 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Curculioninae) en la península ibérica
Authors: Fernández-Carrillo Enrique , Fernández-Carrillo José Luis , Caldara Roberto
Published: November 2024

Se aportan nuevos registros de Sibinia exigua para Castilla-La Mancha (España Central), con ejemplares procedentes tanto de enclaves con vegetación halófila en varias localidades de la provincia de Ciudad Real, como de la colección histórica De la Fuente. Así mismo se han consultado sus manuscritos inéditos. Se aportan nuevos datos biológicos, especialmente de las plantas nutricias sobre las que se ha capturado.
New data and threat status of two rare North African species of the subgenus Bolognaia (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Meloini: Eurymeloe)
Authors: Sánchez Vialas Alberto , Ruiz José Luis , Roujas Alain , François Alexandre
Published: November 2024

This study updates the distribution and conservation status of two poorly documented blister beetle species in Morocco: Eurymeloe (Bolognaia) pallidicolor (Martínez de la Escalera, 1909) and E. (B.) saharensis (Chobaut, 1898). A new locality for E. pallidicolor is added, which represents the southernmost known occurrence for the species, along with a total of seven new localities for E. saharensis in both the southwest and southeast of Morocco, significantly expanding its known area of occupancy in the country. A preliminary assessment of the threat status for both species is conducted based on IUCN criteria. Additionally, the habitat characteristics of both species in Morocco are described. While E. saharensis faces no immediate threats, E. pallidicolor appears to be a stenotopic species confined to low-altitude coastal and subcoastal areas. Its extent of occurrence and area of occupancy are very limited, which would place E. pallidicolor in an unfavorable conservation status. However, due to the limited available information, it would qualify as “Data Deficient” species according to the IUCN criteria. These findings emphasize the crucial role of natural protected areas, such as Souss-Massa National Park, in supporting populations of species affected by habitat destruction in the region. Lastly, a brief comment on the internal taxonomy of the genus Eurymeloe is provided, and a new combination is established: Eurymeloe (Bolognaia) digiuliorum (Bologna, Riccieri & Spagoni, 2024) comb. nov.
The third record of Smicromyrmilla ariasi (André, 1896) (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Strauss Allegra Monet , Parejo-Pulido Daniel , Matias Rafael
Published: November 2024

Mutillid wasps (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) are among the least known species in the biodiverse Iberian Peninsula, in particular those in the primitive subfamily Ticoplinae. Smicromyrmilla ariasi (André, 1896) is hitherto known only from females, and within Iberia by only two specimens, including the holotype. One female mutillid wasp photographed in the foothills of southwestern Sierra Nevada (Granada, Spain) was later identified in a citizen science internet platform as S. ariasi, constituting the third record for the Iberian Peninsula.
La technique qiangjin 戧金 des objets laqués en Chine et en France au xviiie siècle
Authors: Li Linlong
Published: November 2024

Les laques, en tant qu’objets d’étude, s’avèrent particulièrement pertinents pour explorer les diverses modalités qui régissent les échanges d’œuvres d’art et les techniques qui y sont associées. Cet article examine l’influence de la circulation des laques chinoises et de leurs techniques en France, en mettant l’accent sur ces artefacts décorés selon la technique qiangjin 戧金 entre la Chine et la France au xviiie siècle. Le texte est structuré en trois parties. La première partie vise à éclaircir la définition du terme « laque ». La deuxième analyse deux aspects : d’une part, les échanges commerciaux entre la Chine et la France, d’autre part, la technique spécifique du qiangjin. Enfin, la dernière partie est consacrée à la création, en France, d’objets d’art utilisant le vernis Martin et ornés de décors gravés.
« À l’occident de cette ligne, plus de confiance géographique »
Authors: Montety Felix de
Published: November 2024

Une grande carte manuscrite de l’Asie centrale conservée à la Bibliothèque nationale de France témoigne des processus de transfert et de transformation des savoirs géographiques par lesquels a été modifiée, au début du xixe siècle, la cartographie européenne des vastes territoires situés entre le Tibet et la mer Caspienne. L’examen des particularités de son système de coordonnées et de sa nomenclature montre qu’elle fut construite en plusieurs étapes par le polygraphe prussien Heinrich-Julius Klaproth à Paris dans les années 1820-1830, à l’aide de cartes publiées en Chine au xviiie siècle. La carte foisonnante qui en résulte met notamment en évidence les structures orographiques et hydrographiques et la localisation des villes majeures d’une région du monde alors encore très mal connue des Européens, tout en révélant les limites de sa méthode. Malgré un travail d’ampleur étalé sur environ une décennie et ayant bénéficié du soutien continu d’Alexander von Humboldt, le projet cartographique de Klaproth n’est jamais parvenu à son terme, ou du moins à la vaste entreprise de synthèse des savoirs géographiques que cette carte manuscrite semblait esquisser.
Le passage de la voie sèche à la voie humide
Authors: Téreygeol Florian , Gauthier Joseph , Absi Pascale
Published: November 2024

Grâce aux apports combinés des traités métallurgiques et de chimie et de l’anthropologie, il est possible d’appréhender la question du passage du procédé d’analyse par voie sèche à celui par voie humide. Cette évolution, que l’on doit aux travaux de Gay-Lussac, a été motivée par une recherche de précision dans le dosage de l’argent des ateliers monétaires enclenchée dès le xviiie siècle. L’usage de la voie humide n’a pas entrainé la disparition du procédé antérieur. À l’aide de deux exemples actuels pris dans des environnements éloignés, un contexte minier et un atelier urbain, nous montrons pourquoi une technique plongeant ses racines dans le monde médiéval et dont les défauts sont identifiés n’a pas été délaissée au profit d’une technique de dosage plus précise. Au-delà de la recherche de précision, le choix de l’une ou de l’autre méthode repose d’abord sur l’usage qui est fait du résultat analytique et de la sphère économique dans lequel il s’inscrit.
Par choix ou par défaut
Authors: Gauthier Joseph , Téreygeol Florian
Published: November 2024

L’essai des minerais a joué plusieurs rôles dans l’économie de la production minière, notamment à partir de la fin de la période médiévale. C’est à cette époque qu’ont été développées des techniques d’analyse opérant sur quelques grammes de minerai dans un four à moufle. Représentatif et reproductible, cet essai par voie sèche était utile à la gestion des chantiers miniers, au commerce des minerais, à l’optimisation des procédés métallurgiques tout en permettant le contrôle de la production. Les modes opératoires de l’essai au four à moufle, perfectionnés au cours du xvie siècle notamment par Lazarus Ercker, ont été pratiqués sans grands changements jusqu’au xixe siècle et le sont encore de nos jours. Une concurrence avec d’autres techniques, développées pour la voie humide du xviie au xixe siècle et pour la spectrométrie de masse au xxe siècle, n’a jamais fait disparaître l’essai par voie sèche. Il a même été préféré à tout autre procédé jusqu’au milieu du xixe siècle.
L’Empire portugais d’Asie dans la Flora Sinensis de Boym (1656) : acteurs, espaces et représentations
Authors: Roy Axel Le
Published: November 2024

Publiée à Vienne en 1656, la Flora Sinensis du père Boym (1612-1659) est un ouvrage composite qui mêle des enjeux savants et politiques, des savoirs sur les plantes, les animaux et la médecine. Nous savons que Boym a illustré son livre et ses cartes avec des représentations d’animaux tirées de manuels de peinture chinois comme le Tuhui zongyi. En étudiant les représentations de plantes, nous montrerons que Boym a aussi réemployé des illustrations de botanique publiées dans des ouvrages sur la médecine et la nature de l’Empire portugais d’Asie. Les traces de cette influence portugaise circulant par les livres font écho aux informations transmises par des acteurs rencontrés sur le terrain au gré des voyages de Boym, entre le Portugal, le Mozambique, l’Inde et la Chine. Nous verrons que la Flora Sinensis rassemble des informations acquises en terrain portugais, avec des Portugais, avec leurs contacts ou leurs esclaves, et exprimées en langue portugaise.
L’étude des sols d’habitat et des grottes ornées dans l’œuvre d’André Leroi-Gourhan
Authors: Galicia Alfonso Ramírez
Published: November 2024

Nous réalisons une comparaison des deux méthodes développées par André Leroi-Gourhan pour étudier les sols d’habitat et les grottes ornées paléolithiques, dans les années 1960-1970. Leur but était d’approcher l’espace-temps vécu des groupes préhistoriques, dans leurs habitats et dans leurs sanctuaires, pour construire des interprétations paléo-ethnologiques de leur vie matérielle et intellectuelle. Ce projet faisait partie des courants qui voulaient dépasser l’approche chrono-stylistique dominante, via un rapprochement de l’archéologie aux sciences humaines. Notre analyse montre que, même en contribuant à éviter l’anachronisme ethnographique, et à augmenter le détail et la rigueur analytique, ces méthodes ont fini par limiter l’étude des temporalités à deux extrêmes déshumanisés de la durée, en créant deux spécialités séparées. Après Leroi-Gourhan, des membres de son école et d’autres chercheurs ont exploré d’autres pistes pour accéder à la multiplicité de temporalités du registre archéologique via la mise en évidence de nouveaux patrons de structuration spatio-temporelle des vestiges (patchworks de micro-durées).
Fantasías de la lengua en la narrativa de Dante Medina
Authors: Ruiz Llamas Sandra
Published: November 2024

La cuentística iberoamericana ha manifestado transformaciones muy enriquecedoras en la ficción de los siglos XX y XXI. Nuestra investigación aborda las aportaciones experimentales—juego en la lengua, transgresión lingüística, innovación léxica—que el escritor mexicano Dante Medina emplea en el relato fantástico postmoderno, modo narrativo que manifiesta nuevos géneros literarios: en Retratos de hombres mínimos (1994) ‘minicuentos’; en Cómo perder amigos (1994) ‘cuentininos’ y ‘palabrarios’; en Yo soy la bestia (2002) ‘poecuentos’; y en Ir, volver y… qué darse (2003) una ‘cuentonela’.
La enseñanza del español a través de un cuento africano
Authors: Boufack Tsamo Makouaka Jacqueline
Published: November 2024

El patrimonio artístico y cultural se compone de innumerables elementos que contribuyen a la construcción de la identidad de cada individuo, como la lengua, el arte, los cuentos, y más. El cuento, parafraseando a Léopold Sédar Senghor, es la expresión pictórica de una verdad moral, a la vez conocimiento del mundo y lección de vida social. Es decir, el cuento posee varias funciones, como la lúdica, la iniciática, la didáctica y la pedagógica. Es enseñanza en sí mismo, porque involucra a la sociedad y encarna sus valores. En este trabajo evaluamos su potencial didáctico en un cuento africano.
Abusive Work Environments and Strategies to Manage the Psychological Well-Being of Entrepreneurs
Authors: Lestari Retno , Windarwati Heni Dwi , Hidayah Ridhoyanti
Published: November 2024

Commencing an entrepreneurial voyage can be intimidating, and businesspersons might require assistance in dealing with several types of abusive behaviours from their co-founders or inventors. An abusive work environment can hurt both employees and organizational productivity. This hostile atmosphere may arise from various sources, including harassment, discrimination, or intimidation. These harmful experiences can result in high turnover rates and substandard job performance. As a result, employers must be vigilant and proactive in addressing any recurring instances of belittlement, offensive humour, or unwarranted criticism. They must strive to create a workplace environment based on respect and inclusivity. The purpose of this chapter is to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the impact of abusive work environments on entrepreneurs' psychological and emotional well-being. It also examines the related issues that arise from such environments.
Career Resilience and the Limitations of Quiet-Quitting in Mike Judge's Office Space
Authors: Jinde Kelvin Ke
Published: November 2024

This article examines the limitations of quiet-quitting in the American cult comedy Office Space (dir. Mike Judge 1999). It argues that the representations of workers in the film suggest that workers who quietly-quit may run the risk of marginalization and ostracization in the workplace as such actions can affect the performances and morale of fellow colleagues. The significance of this article lies in showing how Office Space functions not only as an allegory of workers' dissatisfaction in a toxic workplace. It also functions as a cautionary tale regarding the limitations of quiet-quitting as a long-term strategy to cope with work dissatisfaction. Lastly, the analysis offers a humanities approach and contribution to the thinking of a more healthy and productive work environment by analyzing the representations and limitations of quiet-quitting in cinema.
Instrução pública primária para negros e pobres no noroeste de Minas Gerais no início do século XX
Authors: Rezende Nádia Bueno
Published: November 2024

O artigo problematiza a distribuição territorial e as condições das escolas públicas primárias do noroeste de Minas Gerais, nas décadas iniciais da República brasileira. Utilizamos o recorte teórico metodológico proposto por Veiga (2022), que aborda a divisão sociorracial da educação por meio da oferta escolar desigual. Verificamos, por parte do poder público, o privilégio concedido ao Grupo Escolar, localizado na porção urbana, apontada nas fontes documentais como um ponto isolado e excepcionalmente civilizado. Por outro lado, evidenciado pelo fechamento de escolas, não envio de mobiliário e material didático, falta de professores e raridade de visitas de autoridades pedagógicas, verificamos o descuido com a instrução pública das crianças pobres e negras moradoras da vasta região então caracterizada como um sertão selvagem, caracterização construída, inclusive, a partir de um critério racial.
Whirl Flutter Predictions for Distributed Propulsion Tiltrotor Congurations
Authors: Gul Seyhan , Yeo Hyeonsoo
Published: November 2024

A family of generic hingeless hub distributed propulsion tiltrotor configurations was modeled in RCAS and studied for whirl flutter along with a baseline conventional configuration for comparison. A sensitivity study was carried out using the baseline model to provide a fundamental
understanding. The objective was to examine whirl flutter instability for a range of design variables to provide guidelines to designers. Wing torsion and rotor ap stiffness significantly impacted the instability speed. Reducing wing beam stiffness interestingly stabilized the system due to
lower participation of wing torsion motion in the beam mode. Various distributed propulsion tiltrotor configurations were analyzed. Replacing the large rotor at the wing tip with two small rotors of half the disk area (same disk loading) greatly stabilized the system and pushed the instability
speed by more than 100%. Placing these rotors at the wing tip in a coaxial conflguration also improved stability, but not as much as distributing them over the wing. It appears that distributed propulsion tiltrotor conflgurations can be expected to exhibit better stability characteristics
than traditional tiltrotor aircraft; however, analysis for a real aircraft is necessary.
Identità e statuto dell'embrione umano
Authors: Sgreccia Elio
Published: November 2024

Il Comitato Direttivo del Centro di Bioetica dell'Università Cattolica ha già fatto conoscere con un precedente documento la propria posizione in tema di diagnosi prenatale (Vedi "Medicina e Morale" la rivista ufficiale del Centro, 1987/6).Durante le sedute di studio del 1988 ha portato la propria riflessione pluridisciplinare sul tema dell'identità, dello statuto e della tutela morale e giuridica dell'embrione umano. Questo tema infatti, autorevolmente delineato nella prima parte della "Istruzione su il rispetto della vita umana nascente e la dignità della procreazione" (Donum Vitae) del 22.2.1987, è tuttora alla base di molti dibattiti di bioetica, anche al di là di quello della interruzione volontaria della gravidanza: in realtà le implicazioni di alcune tecniche di procreazione artificiale, la sperimentazione sull'embrione e sul feto, il prelievo dai medesimi di cellule o tessuti ai fini dell'innesto o trapianto in altri soggetti, la diagnostica prenatale e le terapie in utero, pongono il problema della salvaguardia dell'embrione umano e richiedono un previo chiarimento su questo punto cruciale. Per altro il dibattito....
The New Era of mRNA Vaccines: The Success of the Covid-19 Vaccines and the Safety Concerns in Adolescents
Authors: Gopal Muthu , Rajan Anusiga S. , Vasudevan Kavita , Kumar Ashwani , Kuttiatt Vijesh S.
Published: November 2024

A remarkable scientific achievement during the Covid pandemic is the rapid development and deployment of the mRNA vaccines which played a crucial role in reducing the Covid-related morbidity and mortality. The first-time safe use of the mRNA vaccine platform in humans opened up a new era in vaccinology. In the near future, the mRNA vaccine platform is likely to be used for other diseases as well. Though the Covid mRNA vaccine has been found to be safe in children, a matter of concern is the rare adverse event myocarditis, which was mostly observed among male adolescents. In this setting, we briefly discuss mRNA vaccine-related myocarditis and suggest that the safety concerns need to be alleviated by larger studies with long-term follow-up. We also stress the need for the generation of safety data from children in lower- and middle-income countries as there is limited experience with mRNA vaccines in such settings. The underlying mechanisms need to be understood well as the mRNA vaccine platform holds enormous promise for the future development of vaccines for several diseases.
Prevalence and Profile of Tapentadol Use in Patients Visiting a Drug De-addiction Center in Kashmir
Authors: Mehvish Syed , Hajni Heena Afzal , Anjum Ajmal , Hussain Arshad , Rather Yasir Hassan , Rashid Haider
Published: November 2024

Background:

Misuse of prescription opioids has been a hazard lately with tapentadol being a recent addition to the list. Tapentadol is a schedule H1 opioid (Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, India), approved for the management of moderate-to-severe acute and chronic pain.

Aims and Objectives:

We examined the prevalence of tapentadol use among patients attending the Drug De-addiction Center, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Kashmir, along with their sociodemographic and clinical profiles.

Materials and Methods:

It was a cross-sectional study. Patients who reported current tapentadol use were included in the study.

Results:

In a span of 4 months, a total of 104 patients using tapentadol were seen. Our study mostly consisted of young, unmarried males. More than half of our study participants had concurrent opioid dependence. In our study, no participant had ever injected tapentadol.

Conclusion:

Tapentadol is becoming infamous as a cheap and ready-to-available drug, replacing other opioids during their nonavailability. This should be a potentially alarming sign for drug control authorities. As such, its sale and supply should be well regulated.
Prevalence of Childhood Trauma and its Relationship with Psychological Resilience among Undergraduate Nursing Students in North India
Authors: Singha Neeta Austin , Gupta Navita , Goyal Sandeep Kumar
Published: November 2024

Background:

The evaluation of Childhood trauma (CT) rates among nursing students is important as the repercussions of childhood trauma on nursing students might affect not only the individual students but also the patients that he or she may care for.

Aims and Objective:

1) To evaluate the prevalence of CT among nursing students 2) To determine the relationship between CT and psychological resilience among nursing students 3) To assess the contributing factors of CT among nursing students.

Methods:

The present descriptive cross-sectional study involved 1326 nursing students who had been selected using a non-probability method. Childhood trauma was measured with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Resilience was weighed using Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-square tests, and independent samples t-tests were used to analyze the data.

Results:

Around two-thirds (65%) of the nursing students reported exposure to some type of childhood trauma. More than half (58.2%) students were exposed to more than one type of CT and 8.6% experienced all five forms of CT. Out of five types of traumas, majority of the students experienced emotional neglect. CT was shown to be inversely related to psychological resilience. CT subscales also exhibited a statistically significant negative link with psychological resilience.

Conclusion:

Childhood trauma is common among nursing students. For the development of trauma-informed interventions, the findings of this study have important ramifications for nursing educators.
Effect of Autoclave on Surface Topography of Various Rotary Files
Authors: Arasappan R. , Prabhakar N Sona , Mishra Vertika , Arafath K. P. Muhammed Y. , Singh Jaya , Yadav Antra
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Rotary files are essential tools in endodontic procedures, designed to efficiently shape and clean the root canals. However, repeated sterilization, particularly via autoclaving, may affect their surface integrity, potentially compromising their performance and longevity. This study aims to evaluate the changes in surface topography of various rotary files after multiple autoclave cycles using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Materials and Methods:

In this study, three types of rotary files—NiTi, stainless steel, and gold-treated files—were selected for analysis. Each type comprised 20 samples, totaling 60 files. The files underwent 10 cycles of autoclave sterilization at 121°C for 15 minutes. SEM analysis was conducted before and after sterilization to assess changes in surface characteristics. Parameters such as surface roughness, presence of micro-cracks, and debris retention were meticulously evaluated.

Results:

Post-autoclave SEM analysis revealed significant alterations in surface topography across all file types. NiTi files showed an increase in surface roughness by 35%, with evident micro-cracks in 40% of samples. Stainless steel files exhibited a 25% increase in surface roughness, while 30% showed minor deformities. Gold-treated files displayed the least surface alteration, with a 15% increase in roughness and micro-cracks observed in only 10% of samples. Debris retention was notably higher in NiTi files post-sterilization.

Conclusion:

Autoclave sterilization significantly impacts the surface topography of rotary files, with NiTi files showing the most pronounced changes. Gold-treated files exhibited greater resistance to topographical alterations, suggesting superior durability under repeated autoclave conditions. These findings underscore the importance of selecting appropriate file types based on sterilization frequency to ensure optimal endodontic performance and tool longevity.
The Effect of Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) in Accelerating Periodontal Regeneration: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Dhopte Ashwini , Devi Konsam Bidya , Pandaw KS , Rani Anamika , Chand Sachin , Bagde Hiroj
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Regeneration of periodontal tissues is an essential component in treating periodontal disease, and there is an increasing focus on biological agents that might improve the healing process.

Materials and Methods:

The randomized controlled clinical study included a cohort of 60 individuals diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. Each participant was randomly allocated to one of two groups: the experimental group (n = 30), which underwent PRF in combination with traditional open flap debridement (OFD), and the control group (n = 30), which received OFD alone. Clinical criteria such as probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bone fill percentage were assessed at baseline and after 6 months. Furthermore, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to evaluate bone regrowth radiographically.

Results:

Following a period of 6 months, the experimental group had a notable decrease in postpartum depression (mean decrease of 4.2 mm) and an increase in central artery ligation (mean increase of 3.5 mm) compared to the control group, which had a mean decrease in postpartum depression of 2.8 mm and a mean increase in central artery ligation of 2.1 mm. The test group had a notably greater proportion of bone fill (45%) in comparison to the control group (30%). Further radiographic study verified enhanced bone regeneration in the areas treated with PRF.

Conclusion:

The use of Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) in combination with traditional periodontal surgery greatly expedites the process of periodontal regeneration, as shown by notable enhancements in clinical indicators and bone regeneration.
Assessment of the Hardness of Various Orthodontic Wires
Authors: Verghese Yohan , Gaurav Kumar , Kour Guneet , Tomer Geetika , Sahoo Subhrajeet Narayan , Pattanaik Snigdha , Mohammed Azhar
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The mechanical characteristics of orthodontic wires are crucial since they have a significant impact on the effectiveness of orthodontic therapy, and patients undergoing orthodontic treatment are becoming more and more picky about their aesthetic preferences.

Objectives:

The goal of the current investigation was to assess the hardness of various orthodontic wires.

Materials and Methods:

Three types of wires were employed in this study: nickel titanium (NiTi, USA), beta-titanium (TMA, USA), and stainless steel (SS, Germany). For the upper left canine in this investigation, we utilized an edgewise bracket with a slot size of 0.018″. Epoxy resin was used to implant the wires. The orientation of the brackets was horizontal. Next, a measurement was taken of the brackets’ external surfaces’ hardness. Using an optical microscope, the micrographs of the typical Vickers indentations were captured. The acquired data was assessed statistically.

Results:

The specimens belonging to the stainless steel, nickel-titanium, and beta-titanium groups had mean microhardness values of 523.24, 367.22, and 321.36, respectively. There were noteworthy outcomes when comparing the three research groups.

Conclusion:

Among the stainless steel group specimens, the highest microhardness was observed. However, more research is advised.
Clinical Effectiveness of Viddha Karma in PCOS: A Case Report
Authors: Jibkate Bhagyashree , Pargaonkar Akshay S. , Deshpande Mayuri
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Ayurveda, an ancient Indian medical system, offers a comprehensive approach to addressing PCOS, including treatments like Viddha Karma. In the case of PCOS, Viddha Karma aims to relieve symptoms and enhance overall well-being. A 27 -year-old unmarried female patient came with complaints of irregular and scanty menses for the past 3-4 years, along with severe abdominal pain during the first 1-3 days of menstruation. She was treated with Shaman Chikitsa and Viddha Karma for 8 months. The patient’s menstrual cycle become regular, the volume of bleeding increased to a normal level, and she experienced a weight reduction of 5 kg. The examination of Viddha Karma principles in the management of PCOS emphasizes its potential as a supplementary treatment that tackles the underlying causes and promotes overall well-being. However, further research and clinical trials are necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of its effectiveness.
Management of Carcinoma of Esophagus in Old Patient with Panchagavya Therapy as a Palliative Care-A Case Report
Authors: Sawarkar Punam G. , Raut Damini , Bhojarj Nandini , Sawarkar Gaurav
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Esophageal cancer is a male-dominant, aggressive malignancy with a five-year survival rate of 15%-20%, predominantly affecting developed nations. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common subtype. This case study involves a 70-year-old man with ESCC, who was suffering from difficulty swallowing, inability to burp, constant nausea, and occasional trouble swallowing water for two months. He was successfully treated with Panchagavya Chikitsa, which included Panchagavya Ghrita, Gomutra Arka, Kwath of Amla-Yashtimadhu-Shatpushpa, Haritaki Churna, Haridra Ghanvati, and Vibhitaki Avaleha, along with Nasya, Nabhipurana with Panchagavya Ghrita, and Matra Vasti with Tila Taila over six months. Significant symptom improvement was observed, attributed to the Rasayana (rejuvenative), Balya (strengthening), and Jeevaniya (vitality-enhancing) properties of the treatments. These properties inhibit cancer growth, nourish tissues, and restore balance due to their antioxidant effects. Panchagavya formulations showed promising results without adverse effects, highlighting their efficacy in improving the quality of life for this geriatric patient with ESCC.
Case Study on Management of Overweight (Sthoulya) through Ayurveda
Authors: Pardhekar Ashvini D. , Satpute Shreya , Pardhekar Abhilash , Davkare Manisha
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Modernization, affluence, and advancements in science and technology have led to increasingly sedentary lifestyles. This unintentionally invites a range of health issues, one of which is Sthoulya (overweight), which can affect physical, mental, and social health. Sthoulya refers to an individual who has excessive fat and flesh accumulation, causing a disproportional enlargement of the buttocks, belly, and breasts without a corresponding increase in energy. A 38-year-old female patient presented with weight gain, excessive hunger, sleep and sweating, lack of enthusiasm, and bad body odor. Before and after therapy, the patient was assessed for subjective and objective characteristics. There was an improvement in subjective parameters, anthropometric measurements, body mass index (BMI), and body weight after treatment. The combination therapy comprising Tryushanadi Guggul, Udvartan with Vacha Churna, and Peti Sweda demonstrated effectiveness in improving the lipid profile and anthropometric measurements of the patient over a 30-day treatment period.
A Finite Element Analysis of Peri-implant Stresses Surrounding Zirconium and Titanium Dental Implants
Authors: Sabiha Kouser MS , Prathibha M , Altaher Mohammed Omar Basheer , Elhammali Nureldeen AN , Saib Jameel Ahmad , Chauhan Meghna , Shetty Kaushik
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Stresses tend to vary depending on the kind of implant material (titanium or zirconium) because of differences in their mechanical and physical characteristics.

Objectives:

The current research was done to assess the peri-implant stresses around zirconium and titanium dental implants using finite element analysis.

Materials and Method:

Three distinct implant configurations were used to create three-dimensional finite element models (M1, M2, and M3) using ANSYS (11.0 Version) software, a P4 CPU running at 3 GHz, and hardware with three gigabytes of RAM. These configurations are typical for zirconium and titanium implants. Under 250 N of axial force and 50 N of nonaxial load, the stress surrounding the implants was examined.

Result:

When compared to titanium implants, zirconium implants displayed higher strains in cancellous bone and lower stresses in cortical bone. Overall, titanium implants caused larger stresses in the bone than zirconium implants.

Conclusion:

Compared to titanium implants, zirconium implants resulted in reduced peri-implant stresses.
Morphological Characterization of an Eco Friendly Medi Grade Bio-Polymer Composites Using SEM Analysis
Authors: Arul Queen A. , Arputham Arul J. , Mahalingam Padmapriya , Debnath Dipanjan , Kumaran N Kurunji
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Medical and Dental Implant Biomaterial Research is focused on the cutting-edge interface of polymer composite material. Ongoing research and development in the bio-material field are focused on novel matrix-filler formulations of polymer composite material with improved properties in near future.

Aim:

This study focuses on the morphologic characterization and structural analysis of three different volume fraction of novel natural filler basalt reinforced with PEEK polymer.

Materials and Methodology:

The composite samples are prepared with three different volume fraction of basalt fiber in PEEK matrix, such as PBC1 having 90% PEEK and 10% basalt, PBC 2 having 80% PEEK and 20% basalt, and PBC 3 having 70% PEEK and 30% basalt. The basalt fiber influence in the composite was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X- Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The crystalline structure and the grain size were examined by X-Ray diffraction method.

Result:

The SEM images reveal that PBC2 composite exhibits perfect bonding and less voids compared to pure PEEK, PBC1 and PBC3 composites.

Conclusion:

The study reports that 80% PEEK and 20% basalt fiber composite shows better structure and grain size compared to other samples with different proportions.
Comparing the Antibacterial Efficacy of Nanosilver vs Traditional Fluoride Varnishes in Caries Prevention
Authors: Kushwah Jagriti , Ron Akshata , Khullar Sanjana , Singh Sushma , Kuppusamy Kasthuripriya , Pachore Prateek J.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Dental caries remains a prevalent chronic condition affecting individuals worldwide, particularly children. Traditional fluoride varnishes have long been employed in caries prevention due to their ability to enhance enamel remineralization and reduce demineralization.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 120 participants aged 6–12 years with a high risk of dental caries. The participants were divided into two groups: one receiving nanosilver varnish and the other receiving traditional fluoride varnish. Each varnish was applied bi-weekly for six months. Salivary samples were collected at baseline, three months, and six months to measure bacterial counts, focusing on Streptococcus mutans. The data were analyzed using ANOVA to assess differences between the groups over time.

Results:

At baseline, both groups exhibited similar levels of Streptococcus mutans (P > 0.05). After three months, the nanosilver group showed a significant reduction in bacterial counts (mean reduction of 45%, P < 0.01), compared to a 30% reduction in the fluoride varnish group (P < 0.05). At six months, the nanosilver group maintained a 55% reduction, whereas the fluoride group showed a 40% reduction. The difference between the groups at six months was statistically significant (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Nanosilver varnish demonstrated superior antibacterial efficacy compared to traditional fluoride varnish in reducing Streptococcus mutans levels over six months. These findings suggest that nanosilver could serve as a valuable alternative or adjunct to fluoride varnish in caries prevention strategies.
Efficacy of Oral Hygiene Aids in Gingivitis Management: A Comparative Study of Manual and Electric Toothbrushes, Dental Floss, and Mouthwash
Authors: Pulayath Civy V. , Al Zahrath Fathimath , Chandy Ajith A. , Chandran Harish , Menezes Shanthi , Jain Harshvardhan N.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Gingivitis is a prevalent oral health issue characterized by inflammation of the gums, often resulting from inadequate plaque removal.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 120 participants diagnosed with gingivitis, aged 18 to 65 years. Participants were divided into four groups: Group A used a manual toothbrush, Group B used an electric toothbrush, Group C used dental floss in addition to manual brushing, and Group D used mouthwash in addition to manual brushing. The study duration was eight weeks, with gingival index (GI) scores recorded at baseline, four weeks, and eight weeks. Plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were also assessed as secondary outcomes.

Results:

At the end of eight weeks, Group B (electric toothbrush) showed the most significant reduction in gingival index scores (mean reduction: 1.2, P < 0.01), followed by Group D (mouthwash) with a mean reduction of 1.0 (P < 0.05). Group C (dental floss) exhibited a moderate reduction (mean reduction: 0.8, P < 0.05), while Group A (manual toothbrush) had the least improvement (mean reduction: 0.5, P = 0.08). Plaque index and bleeding on probing results followed a similar trend, with the electric toothbrush group demonstrating superior outcomes.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that electric toothbrushes are more effective in managing gingivitis compared to manual toothbrushes, dental floss, and mouthwash.
Spontaneous splenic rupture as a complication of dengue fever
Authors: Al Zouabi Samah Saaed , Amer Mohammad Salem , Ahmad Akhwand Shakeel , Abdullah Mansoor
Published: November 2024

Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted virus and the leading cause of arthropod-borne viral disease in the world. Clinical manifestations can vary from asymptomatic disease to severe illness and death. Dengue is also known to cause myocarditis, hepatitis, and neurological manifestations, and rarely to cause splenic rupture. We report a 34-year-old man with splenic rupture complicating dengue fever which was managed conservatively with excellent outcome.
Porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuates neuroinflammation after peripheral nerve injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB axis
Authors: Li Rui , Liu Jianquan , Li Liuxun , Luo Guotian , Yuan Xinrong , Shen Shichao , Shi Yongpeng , Wu Jianlong , Yan Bin , Yang Lei
Published: November 2024

Peripheral nerve injury causes severe neuroinflammation and has become a global medical challenge. Previous research has demonstrated that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel exhibits excellent biological properties and tissue specificity, highlighting its potential as a biomedical material for the repair of severe peripheral nerve injury; however, its role in modulating neuroinflammation post–peripheral nerve injury remains unknown. Here, we aimed to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Using peripheral nerve injury model rats treated with porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel, we evaluated structural and functional recovery, macrophage phenotype alteration, specific cytokine expression, and changes in related signaling molecules in vivo. Similar parameters were evaluated in vitro using monocyte/macrophage cell lines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cultured on porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel–coated plates in complete medium. These comprehensive analyses revealed that porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel attenuated the activation of excessive inflammation at the early stage of peripheral nerve injury and increased the proportion of the M2 subtype in monocytes/macrophages. Additionally, porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel negatively regulated the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB axis both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings suggest that the efficacious anti-inflammatory properties of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel induce M2 macrophage polarization via suppression of the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-?B pathway, providing new insights into the therapeutic mechanism of porcine decellularized nerve matrix hydrogel in peripheral nerve injury.
Synapses and dendritic spines are eliminated in the primary visual cortex of mice subjected to chronic intraocular pressure elevation
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Li Deling , Zeng Weiting , Huang Yiru , Zhan Zongyi , Zhang Yuning , Hu Qinyuan , Huang Lianyan , Yu Minbin
Published: November 2024

Synaptic plasticity is essential for maintaining neuronal function in the central nervous system and serves as a critical indicator of the effects of neurodegenerative disease. Glaucoma directly impairs retinal ganglion cells and their axons, leading to axonal transport dysfuntion, subsequently causing secondary damage to anterior or posterior ends of the visual system. Accordingly, recent evidence indicates that glaucoma is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system that causes damage throughout the visual pathway. However, the effects of glaucoma on synaptic plasticity in the primary visual cortex remain unclear. In this study, we established a mouse model of unilateral chronic ocular hypertension by injecting magnetic microbeads into the anterior chamber of one eye. We found that, after 4 weeks of chronic ocular hypertension, the neuronal somas were smaller in the superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body regions of the brain contralateral to the affected eye. This was accompanied by glial cell activation and increased expression of inflammatory factors. After 8 weeks of ocular hypertension, we observed a reduction in the number of excitatory and inhibitory synapses, dendritic spines, and activation of glial cells in the primary visual cortex contralateral to the affected eye. These findings suggest that glaucoma not only directly damages the retina but also induces alterations in synapses and dendritic spines in the primary visual cortex, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of glaucoma.
Preclinical safety and efficacy evaluation of the intrathecal transplantation of GMP-grade human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for ischemic stroke
Authors: Huang Zejia , Jiang Jiaohua , Peng Qingxia , Jin Mengzhi , Dong Yakun , Li Xuejia , Luo Ermei , Chen Haijia , Wang Yidong
Published: November 2024

Intrathecal administration of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells may be a promising approach for the treatment of stroke, but its safety, effectiveness, and mechanism remain to be elucidated. In this study, good manufacturing practice–grade human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (5 × 105 and 1 × 106 cells) and saline were administered by cerebellomedullary cistern injection 72 hours after stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. The results showed (1) no significant difference in mortality or general conditions among the three groups. There was no abnormal differentiation or tumor formation in various organs of rats in any group. (2) Compared with saline-treated animals, those treated with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells showed significant functional recovery and reduced infarct volume, with no significant differences between different human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell doses. (3) Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were found in the ischemic brain after 14 and 28 days of follow-up, and the number of positive cells significantly decreased over time. (4) Neuronal nuclei expression in the human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell group was greater than that in the saline group, while glial fibrillary acidic protein and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 expression levels decreased. (5) Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell treatment increased the number of CD31+ microvessels and doublecortin-positive cells after ischemic stroke. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells also upregulated the expression of CD31+/Ki67+. (6) At 14 days after intrathecal administration, brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the peri-infarct area and the concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the cerebrospinal fluid in both human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell groups were significantly greater than those in the saline group and persisted until the 28th day. Taken together, these results indicate that the intrathecal administration of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells via cerebellomedullary cistern injection is safe and effective for the treatment of ischemic stroke in rats. The mechanisms may include alleviating the local inflammatory response in the peri-infarct region, promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and enhancing the production of neurotrophic factors.