bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intensification of turbulent heat transfer in a circular tube by inserting different configuration of finned converging-diverging nozzles turbulators
Authors: K.Ali Zahraa , S. Mushatet Khudheyer
Published: August 2024

In this paper, an experimental study has been conducted to show the influence of insertion converge-diverge conical turbulators fitted with rectangular fins inside a circular test tube on Nusselt number, the friction and the overall performance. The air is utilized as working fluid for Reynolds number varied 10000 to 50000. In this investigation, two improvement devices of turbulent heat transfer are utilized. One is the nozzle conical used as turbulators and fixed in the circular tube with three different values of pitch ratio (P.R=1, 1.5 and 2) and the another is rectangular fins placed at the inner surface of the conical turbulators. The conical turbulators fitted with rectangular fins are tested at pitch ratio P.R=1.0  with three different area ratios of the rectangular fins Ar=0.064, 0.106 and 0.149. The experimental results appeared that the heat transfers by using combined the conical nozzle turbulators and the rectangular fins is enhanced by about 234 % for the largest area ratio (Ar =0.149). Also, the optimal thermal performance is obtained to be larger as compared with plain tube case and the conical turbulators alone.
Enhancing Heat Transfer Using Multi-Size Teardrops obstacles
Authors: H. Fagr Mohsen , M. Hasan Hayder , M. A. Alsulaiei Zaher
Published: August 2024

In this paper, heat transfer enhancements using unique, various sets of teardrop-shapes inserts in a heating tube are numerically examined. The teardrop is a hemispheric placed on a conic part. The three-dimensional continuity, momentum and energy equations are repeatedly solved using ANSYS 17.1 software at turbulent flow regime with Reynolds number varies from 10000 to 30000. Nine cases are investigated excluding the plain tube case by changing the ratios of hemisphere diameter and conic part length to the tube diameter, dr and lr respectively. The tube was of diameter and length of 30 mm and 1000 mm respectively. The tested ratios were dr = 1/3, 1/2 and 2/3 while the ratio lr =5/3, 7.5/3 and 10/3. The results show that Nusselt number increases with increasing both dr and lr and vice versa because the greater dr interrupts the flow and therefore boosts swirling power in the tube. Similarly, the friction factor behaves as a consequence of the large blockage presence. However, the thermal performance factor TPF is less at the greatest dr and lr ratios, and the optimal one is obtained when the equipped teardrops were of dr=2/3 and lr=5/3 recording TPF=1.32 which is the most thermally efficient case among the rest. Over the empty tube, the percentage increase in TPF is 32% and 11% at Re=10000 and Re=30000 respectively. While the percentages in comparison with the smallest dr and lr are 11.8% at Re=10000 and 4.7% at Re=30000.
دراسة النمو السكاني وإسقاطات بدائل لنمو مدينة الحمزة (محافظة الديوانية) على ضوء الاسقاطات السكانية لسنة 2038
Authors: هادي منشد العصامي ليث
Published: August 2024

The following study is considered as a part of the requests of reconstructing a strategy to develop Al-Hamza city (urban center)and to put to a plan to renew the basic design of the city center, this will participate in establishing a primary data base beside the urban planning to assist for the base imagination about the capabilities and limitations of the development in order to establish a strategy of development of Al-Hamza city in the hands of the wanted basic planning . This study depended on different references, historical academic and statistics in addition to number of field-visits to the region and listening to the points of views of the local peoples and establishing interviews to the local habitants of the area especially those heads of the tribes and the city- center gentlemen in order to add the documentary and scientific interests and to discover some of the service needs that can be depended to start the stage of preparing the requests of plan of the development and reconstruction of renewing urban planning of land uses. In this level of study it has been worked to discover the planning signs via specifying the capabilities and chances on which the city-planning strategy can be built in addition to prepare substitutes for the new basic design ,of the most important results are studying the population statistics and its expected population numbers under the balance between the people on our side and what the city needs of the services according to the present and expected offer and the available need and defect in the services .
Development of Computer Controlled Oxy Estelline Cutting Machine
Authors: Muhsin Sadiq , Jabar Haider , Mahdi Salah
Published: August 2024

Occasionally, the state organizations and many private companies in Thi Qar Governorate request some spare parts that must be manufactured locally because they are unavailable in Iraq .Since these parts have complex shapes, and the Engineering College Workshop's machines are unable to cut them, thus it was necessary to develop the existing Oxy Estelline cutting machine to control its motion by computer. The main idea of this research is to make the machine cutter movement in two dimensions according to a path drawn by (Autodesk Land Desktop) program which necessitates addition of an electric circuit (Interface) between the machine and the computer to convert the path into two dimensional motions .This requires replacement of some unnecessary parts from the machine by others. The major added parts are:1.Servo Motors.2.Controller.3.Drive.4.Power Supply.5.Power Cables.6.Data Cables.7.Lead Screws.8.Brackets.9.Bases to fix the motors and brackets. After welding processes of the bases and mounting the motors, brackets, and electric circuits, the machine was tested by fixing a pen instead of the cutter and drawing many graphs such as circle, rose, gear, and gasket on a paper .The drawings are completed successfully and accurately, then the machine was used to cut rose and gasket by the flame .Satisfactory results are obtained .Now, the user can use the machine easily to cut any complex shape.
Effect of Operating Conditions on Co Absorption into Aqueous Alkanol amine Solutions in Packed Column
Authors: E. Najim Saleh , A. Ateik Adnan , K. Haweel C.
Published: August 2024

This paper highlights the importance of operating parameters to mass-transfer in CO2 absorption in columns with different packings. The study compares the performance of two packings, Gempak 4A and Raschig ring. Mass-transfer efficiency of these packings was determined by carrying out absorption experiments in a pilot-scale absorption unit with aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine (MEA), Diethanolamine (DEA),2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) as test solvent. The overall mass-transfer coefficient (KGav) can be considered to be indicative of the CO2 removal efficiency of the system and can be calculated from experimentally gas-phase CO2 concentration profiles within the test columns. The results of this study indicate that mass-transfer coefficient of these packings tested varies significantly not only with operating parameters such as liquid load, liquid CO2 loading, solvent concentration, solvent type and feed CO2 concentration but also with packing arrangement. In absorption experiments the results show the typical behavior of liquid controlling system. Gas flow rate has no influence on overall mass transfer coefficient (KGav), and an increase in liquid flow rate yields a greater (KGav). CO2 loading lowers the (KGav) and an increase in amine concentration induces a higher (KGav). Increasing the CO2 concentration within the feed gas was found to reduce the value of (KGav) within the system. Structured packing offers superior performance to random packings, structured packing provides almost twice greater (KGav) than random packings.
New Method of Obtaining a Multilayer Anodized Film on 7075-T6 Al-Alloy Surface
Authors: I.J.AL-Rubaiey Sámi
Published: August 2024

It is well known that the anodized thin layer formed on Al-alloys surface are characterized with porosity of nanometric dimensions whatever acid or alkaline solutions are used. In this study, an attempt was made for the first time to develop a new method for obtaining anodized multilayer film by reinforcing the anodized oxide coating with incorporating nanosized graphite in the layer structure during anodizing process by means of anodizing Al- Alloy type 7075 T-6 in an electrolyte composed of water solution of chromic acid and graphite . This leads to obtain a multilayer anodized film having good thickness and high micro hardness properties. Nanosized particles of graphite have been formed into anodic oxide layer. The influence of anodizing process parameters (voltage and current density) on the thickness micro hardness and chemical composition of a multilayer oxide film are determined.
Finite Element Prediction of Temperature Rise Distribution in Turning Process of AISI 1045 Carbon Steel
Authors: A. Kawi Assmaa , J.Yaseen Sana , L. Rana
Published: August 2024

In this paper the code DEFORM-3D V6.1 was used to perform a finite element analysis simulating the turning process of AISI 1045 carbon steel. A series of thermal simulations have been performed, the value and location of maximum temperature have been determined. The comparison of the simulations with earlier works gave promising trend for the presented work with a maximum percentage of error 3.23%. The results of this work show that the maximum temperature exists in the vicinity of the cutting edge. i.e. in the tool-chip contact and then starts cooling immediately when the tool crosses this region. Besides the maximum temperature in the tool-chip interface increases as the cutting time increases until the process reaches the steady-state condition where the temperature is alternating around the mean temperature. Finally the behavior of temperature differs in value and distribution for the same location and time (same boundary conditions) in the cutting direction with the change in depth of cut where the maximum temperature occurs at maximum depth of cut.
Novel Space Time Spreading Scheme
Authors: Abdel Hadi Fadhel Ahmed
Published: August 2024

In this paper two spreading schemes and their detection methods were proposed and compared. The comparison depends on the performance of each scheme in Rayleigh flat fading channel. Space Time Spreading (STS) codes are used with Layered Space Time Codes(LST), with Vertical Bell Laboratories Space Time codes (V-BLAST) in particular. Also,Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access system (DS-CDMA) was used as a multi-user criterion. As a result of this spreading, a simple decoding algorithm was used. The simulation shows that STS-LST-DS-CDMA system with 3TX-3RX (3 transmitting antennas-3 receiving antennas) using all paths between transmitter and receiver was better than LST-DS-CDMA system by about 4dB in SNR at BER of 10-4. More detailed results are shown in Table 1. Also, the proposed scheme (may be partially) solves the problem of the code reuse.
Evaluation the Efficiency of Installing Stone Columns in Ground Improvement of Al-Nassiriya City Soil
Authors: Abdulaemma Mandhour Esraa , Kurdy Thabbah Al-Obaidy Nesreen
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the performance of stone columns in soft soil of Al-Nassiriya city (one of Iraqi cities in the south). A geotechnical study of physical and mechanical properties of the soil has been carried out for a selected areas from Al-Nassiriya city. A finite difference Matlab program has been employed in simulation of installing stone columns in the aforementioned soil. Results of the study illustrate using stone columns reduces the settlement of the soil for different values of the modular ratio and replacement ratio, thus the Wmax maximum settlement ratio changes from 30% to 16% of the modular ratios (Ec-/Es)=10 and 50 respectively. The effect of spacing and column width is taken into consideration.All results are reasonable and harmonic with most last studies
The Temperature Effect on Sensitivity of Direct Detection Optical Receiver Incorporating FET- Amplifier
Authors: S. M Abdulgaffar. , M.Hannun Rafid , Sahib Ali Muhannad
Published: August 2024

It is known that temperature rise boosts the generations of electron-holes pairs in semiconductors and increases their conductivity that obtained to increase noise.High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) gives many advantages like low noise and high associated gain at microwave frequencies.Different shapes and places in containers are done to analyze the temperature effect on chips with other thermal and aerodynamic parameters.In this paper,the performance of integrated optical receiver consisting of PIN(Positive Intrinsic Negative)-photo diode and HEMT-based transimpedance type amplifier is analyzed upon the effect of temperature variation. Variation of temperature occurs when change device space in one block covers.The simulation results show that the sensitivity (Psen) of an optical receiver is minimal in space when temperature effect is low if it is based on well-designed HEMT.
Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer to Air–Water Flow in Downward Inclined Square Pipe
Authors: H. Hameed Rafel
Published: August 2024

Two-phase local heat transfer coefficient and flow pattern in 4.5 cm inner length of glass square test section downwardly pipe inclination angles of 5o, 10o, and 15o were investigated experimentally. Two superficial velocities for each air and water were used    0.164 m/s, 0.411 m/s and 1.1506 m/s, 1.4815m/s respectively. Local heat transfer coefficient was calculated from the temperature recorded by using eight thermocouples type K positioned along the test section. It was found that the heat transfer coefficient of air-water flow increase with increasing flow rate of water, air, and inclination angle. In addition a high speed camera was used in order to obtain images sequence of the flow under different selected conditions. The flow regimes, which are stratified, intermittent, and annular flow are observed and recorded by high speed camera. At 5o inclination angle and low air-water superficial velocity stratified flow observed, transition from stratified to intermittent flow and annular flow occurs at increasing the inclination angle and air-water superficial velocity. Correlations on average Nusselt number were obtained for three inclination angle 5o, 10o, and 15o.
Experimental and Computational Investigation of Dynamics Effects in a High Speed Centrifugal Pump
Authors: A. Wahab Abdul Kareem , S. Mushatet Khudheyer , H. Ajeel Wissam
Published: August 2024

Experimental and numerical investigation of a high speed centrifugal pump has been carried out. In experimental work, a test rig which includes a centrifugal pump, fast response piezoelectric pressure transducers, Rota meter flow and measurement instrumentations is designed and constructed. Two impellers having different outlet diameters were examined for the same volute. A data acquisition system (hardware) and its software (Visual Basic language) have been developed to analyze the pressure transducer signal in order to obtain the pressure fluctuations. The governing partial differential equations (continuity, momentum) besides to turbulence model are discretized to algebraic equations by using finite volume method. The solution of these equations was done by using FLUENT 6.3 commercial code. This code has the ability to use a grid generation technique and transform the physical domain to a computational domain by using GAMBIT 2.2.3 software. The effect of turbulence was simulated by using a standard k-e  model. The wall function laws are used to remedy the regions near the rotating and volute walls. The effect of angular position of impeller and impeller’s diameter on the flow behavior is studied for different values of volume flow rate. The obtained results show that the pressure fluctuations registered in the volute were found to be very dependent on both angular position and volume flow rate. It is observed that the pressure fluctuations have maximum values at volume flow rate (Q=0.5QN) for the considered two impellers at angular position (?= 270o). These values increase as impeller diameter increases. The results also show that the higher static pressure values are observed upstream of the leading edge at the volute tongue (stagnation point) while the minimum was found at impellers eye. A comparison between experimental and numerical results is done and the agreement was acceptable.
Effect of the Axial Heat Conduction in Parallel Flow Rectangular Microchannel Heat Exchanger
Authors: Mohammed Hasan Hayder
Published: August 2024

The axial heat conduction in parallel flow microchannel heat exchanger with rectangular ducts was numerically investigated, for laminar, 3-D, incompressible, and steady state flow of water. The governing equations, continuity, Navier-Stokes equations (momentum equations), and the energy equations for the hot and cold fluids were solved by using SIMPLE algorithm with finite volume method and FORTRAN code to obtain the temperature distribution for the two fluids and the separating wall between them. The results play an important role of the axial heat conduction on the effectiveness in parallel flow microchannel heat exchanger and the factors affecting the axial heat conduction are; Reynolds number Re, thermal conductivity ratio , aspect ratio ? and channel volume. Increasing of Re, , ? and channel volume each separately leads to increase the axial heat conduction and vice versa
CONTROLLR MODELLING AND DESIGN OF ROTATIONAL SPEED FOR INTERNAL COMBUSION ENGINE
Authors: M. Radhi Raoof , Q. Hussien Emad
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a controller design of a nonlinear model of an internal combustion engine based on linear quadratic regulator (LQR) technique.The design takes into consideration the effect of external disturbances that occurs during the operation of system. The equations of motion are linearized according to the perturbation theory in order to inspect the dynamic stability of the engine motion, and the subsequent design of appropriate feedback controllers for the system, which can be obtained by solving the LQR problem.The results show that the proposed controller has good performance and stability than PID controller.The simulations have been carried out in Matlab/Simulink environment.
Analysis of Turbulent Free Convection in Enclosure with Conductive Partitions
Authors: S.Mushatat Khudheyer , M. Hannun Rafid , A. Rishack Qais , I Hasan Mushtaq
Published: August 2024

A numerical method is presented to investigate the turbulent free convection inside an enclosure with partitions. The conductive partitions were located at the bottom wall. The Navier-Stokes and energy equations besides to the kinetic and dissipation equations were discretized by using a finite volume method. The solution of these equations was made via constructing a Fortran 90 computer program. The turbulence in the flow was modeled by using a k-ε model. The obtained results show that the conductive partitions represented a key factor for enhancing the rate of heat transfer. Also the results showed that the partitions height has more effect on enhancing the rate of heat transfer compared with the partitions thickness.The height of partitions were ranged from 0.25≤ h ≤ 0.65 and the width from 0.07 ≤ w ≤ 0.13. The enclosure was partially heated and the range of the considered values of Rayleigh number was up to 1014. The maximum rate of heat transfer is enhanced by 35% with increasing partitions height up to h= 0.65.
Faith in War
Authors: Funke Nikolas M.
Published: August 2024

While the social and cultural history of the early modern military has greatly advanced in the last few decades, the religious dimension of the military life in the Holy Roman Empire between 1500 and 1650 has hardly been explored. The Reformation brought profound political, social and cultural upheavals, but the religiosity of the men and women who followed the Christian life in the chaos of war still represents a large gap in the historiography. Faith in War shows that confessional antagonisms lost much of their meaning during war and coexistence became a fact of army life. Connecting military and civilian social and cultural history in these ways, Nikolas Funke’s case study on this period brings new life to important current historiographical discussions in a military context, including stereotyping, confessionalization, social discipline, deviance, toleration, religious violence, and the culture of death.
The State Otherwise
Authors: Stefanelli Alice
Published: August 2024

The city of Beirut is increasingly congested, polluted and suffocating. Its already limited green public spaces are under growing threat of privatisation and redevelopment. The State Otherwise examines the difficult predicament of Beirut’s public green spaces from the vantage point of the civic campaign to reopen Horsh al Sanawbar, the city’s largest public park. Analysing the relationship between neoliberal sectarianism, private interest and political action, the book asks questions about the nature of privatisation of public property, civic society’s potential to mobilise individuals and the role of public authorities in promoting the public good.
Smoke and Mirrors
Authors: Nielsen David
Published: August 2024

The Yenidze Cigarette Factory of 1909 was constructed as an industrial, architectural object that advertised Dresden as a center for the tobacco trade. Born from a unique client-architect relationship between Hugo Zietz and Martin Hammitzsch, the factory’s importance to modernism has been understated. Smoke and Mirrors uncovers the history of the factory’s planning, design, and construction, and for the first time, apart from the building’s historical narrative, positions this addition to Dresden’s skyline within the formative histories of the modern movement.
Uji In-Vivo Ekstrak Daun Sawo Manila (Manilkara zapota) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Escherichia coli
Authors: Anita Anita , Fatmawati Andi , Muawanah Muawanah , Widyanti Tuty , Jasman Henra , Musa Bilkis , Prastiwi Djamaluddin Indra
Published: August 2024

Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) is a member of the sapotaceae, which contains active chemical compounds such as saponins, tannins, and flavonoids that can inhibit and kill several bacteria, one of which is Escherichia coli. Escherichia coli is a normal flora bacteria in the digestive tract but will become pathogenic if its number in the digestive tract increases so that it can cause diarrhea. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) leaf extract against Escherichia coli. Experimental laboratory work was done where Sawo manila leaves (Manilkara zapota) were powdered and then extracted using the maceration method. The inhibitory power test of Sawo manila leaf extract (Manilkara zapota) with concentrations of 50%, 75%, and 100% was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) media with an incubation period of 24 hours at 37°C. The test results showed that Sawo manila leaf extract (Manilkara zapota) at concentrations of 50%, 75%, and 100% did not contain an inhibitory zone. It was concluded that Sawo Manila (Manilkara zapota) was not effective against Escherichia coli.
Keberadaan Escherichia coli Pada Air Sungai Musi Kota Palembang
Authors: Masito Masito , Novianti Dewi , Marmaini Marmaini
Published: August 2024

This research is entitled The Existence of Escherichia coli in Musi River Water, Palembang City. This research was conducted from April to May 2024 at the Palembang Public Health Laboratory Center. This research aims to analyze the number of E.coli in the Musi River water in the city of Palembang. The location for sampling river water is divided into 3 (three) stations, namely upstream (Musi VI), middle (Ampera) and downstream (Musi IV).  Each river water sample was taken 2 (two) times on different days at low tide. This sample was taken by purposive sampling and 10 ml of each river water sample was taken. River water samples were tested using the membrane filter method. The results showed that the ALT value in river water at station 1 on the 1st day was 2.2 x 103 CFU/ml, at station 1 on the 2nd day as much as 2.4 x 103 CFU/ml, at station 2 on the 1st day as much as 1.9 x 103 CFU/ml, at station 2 on the 2nd day as much as 2.3 x 103 CFU/ml, at station 3 on the 1st day as much as 1.7 x 103 CFU/ml, at station 3 on the 3rd day as much as 2.1 x 103 CFU/ml. All positive samples contained E.coli bacteria, and exceeded the threshold for hygienic water and sanitation, namely above 0 CFU/100 ml (Permenkes, 2023)
Pembuatan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Dengan Cara Penambahan Ragi Tempe
Authors: Razelita  , Marmaini Marmaini , Arif Setiawan Andi
Published: August 2024

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is an innovative coconut oil that is processed without using heating or chemicals . The aim of this research is to analyze the quality of VCO by adding tempeh yeast and fermentation time to the VCO obtained. The research was carried out in March-May 2024 and quality testing was carried out at the Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, PGRI University, Palembang. The research method was a survey and experiment, the survey was carried out on community plantations in Kumbang Ilir Village, Kandis District, Ogan Ilir Regency. The experimental method was carried out with 16 treatments and 3 repetitions, then the data was analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors, factor 1 was a variation of adding control tempe yeast starter (without yeast), 15 ml, 30 ml, 45 ml, and factor 2 was a variation fermentation time 6, 12, 18, 24 hours. The research results showed that the highest value for the amount of VCO was 104 ml in the T 4 S 3 treatment, the lowest value was in the T 1 S 0 = 15 ml treatment. The lowest VCO yield value was in the T 1 S 0 treatment = 7.5%, while the highest VCO yield value was in the T 4 S 3 treatment = 52%. The results of the organoleptic test assessed by the respondents stated that 100% of the VCO obtained was clear in color, in the taste test 80% of respondents assessed the taste as typical of coconut and 20% had no taste, and in the aroma test 64% assessed the aroma as typical of coconut, 18% assessed it as slightly rancid, and 18% rated rancid.
Genomic DNA polymorphism in Myrica gale (Myricaceae) in the Lebyazhiy state Nature Reserve (the southern coast of the gulf of Finland)
Authors: Semicheva O. A. , Galaktionova U. A. , Bolshakov V. N. , Romanovich A. E. , Tikhodeeva M. Yu. , Tikhodeyev O. N.
Published: August 2024

The analysis of genomic DNA polymorphism is one of widely used approaches for studying the genetic structure of natural populations. It has been successfully applied to various plants. However, many species have not yet been studied, which is primarily due to methodological difficulties in isolating well-purified and non-degraded genomic DNA. These difficulties are due to the fact that plants possess numerous bioorganic compounds (polysaccharides, polyphenols, lipids, etc.) that contaminate DNA and significantly reduce its quality. Such species include marsh waxweed (Myrica gale L.), a perennial sub-Atlantic shrub with presumably vegetative propagation (in nature, waxweed seedlings are quite rare). We developed a simple protocol for isolation of high-quality genomic DNA from waxweed leaves and performed AFLP analysis of 42 plants of this species from three subpopulations in the Lebyazhiy Nature Reserve. Using three primer pairs, we isolated 22 amplification fragments, 8 of which were monomorphic. For the remaining 14 fragments, the average level of their polymorphism was low: depending on the subpopulation studied, it varied from 0.079 to 0.129. As shown by our analysis, all three studied subpopulations are polymorphic with a predominance of two common AFLP-genotypes. The corresponding plants are apparently the vegetative descendants of the founders. The rare AFLP-genotypes (represented by just one or two plants; a total of 12 such genotypes were identified) are likely the result of mutational and recombination processes. Our data give evidence that in the life cycle and dispersal of waxweed, the role of sexual reproduction is also noticeable.
Heteroleptic Zn(II) Halide Complexes with Iodine-Substituted Benzonitriles: Peculiarities of the Halogen Bond in the Solid State
Authors: Vershinin M. A. , Novikov A. S. , Sokolov M. N. , Adonin S. A.
Published: August 2024

The reactions of zinc(II) bromide with 3- and 4-iodobenzonitriles (3-I-BzCN and 4-I-Bz-CN) afford heteroligand complexes [L2ZnBr2] (L = 3-I-BzCN (I) and 4-I-BzCN (II)), whose structures are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (CIF files CCDC nos. 2253175 (I) and 2253176 (II)). Both crystal structures contain halogen bonds I···Br linking the [ZnBr2L2] fragments into supramolecular layers (I) or chains (II). The energies of these noncovalent interactions are estimated by quantum-chemical calculations.
Synthesis, Supramolecular Self-Organization, and Thermal Behavior of the Double 3D Pseudo-Polymer Complex [Au{S2CN(CH2)6}2]4[Ag5Cl9] Comprising the New Type Silver(I) Anion
Authors: Korneeva E. V. , Loseva O. V. , Smolentsev A. I. , Ivanov A. V.
Published: August 2024

New crystalline pseudo-polymer complex [Au{S2CN(CH2)6}2]4[Ag5Cl9] (I) was prepared by inding gold(III) with silver(I) dithiocarbamate from an AuCl3/2.5 M NaCl solution. Complex I is isolated in a preparative yield and structurally characterized. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data (CIF file CCDC no. 2205197) show that the isomeric cations [Au{S2CN(CH2)6}2]+ (A : 2B : C) and complicated pentanuclear anion [Ag5Cl9]4– are the main structural units of the compound. The supramolecular self-organization of the ionic structural units in complex I occurs due to multiple secondary interactions Cl···S and Ag···S, hydrogen bonds C–H···Cl, and anagostic interactions C–H···Ag leading to the formation of the 3D pseudo-polymer framework. The thermal behavior of complex I is studied by simultaneous thermal analysis to find that the thermolysis of the double Au(III)—Ag(I) compound is accompanied by the quantitative regeneration of the bound metals under comparatively mild conditions.
Management Control System, Environment Uncertainty and Managers’ Performance: Organization Commitment as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Siti Zakiah Nyimas , Susanto Hendra , Mukhtaruddin  , Octavia Donata Gozali Efva
Published: August 2024

This study uses organizational commitment as a moderating variable to examine how management control systems and environmental uncertainty affect manager performance. Thirty-four respondents were selected from among the organizations at Perum Bulog South Sumatra and Bangka Belitung Representative Office that are involved in the management control system at upper to middle management levels. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Multiple regression analysis and moderated multiple regression analysis were used for the testing. The results revealed that management control system positively and significantly impacted manager performance, but manager performance was unaffected by environmental unpredictability. The impact of environmental unpredictability and the management control system on managers' performance cannot be mitigated by organizational commitment at Perum Bulog of South Sumatra and Bangka Belitung Representative Office.
Biometric Voting Integrated with Islamic Political Principles: to Enhance Democracy in Bangladesh's E-Voting System
Authors: Mohammad Eisa Ruhullah  , Thameem Ushama
Published: August 2024

This paper addresses the vital importance of fair and transparent elections as the foundation of a robust democracy, crucial for representing citizens' voices and fostering trust in the electoral process. In Bangladesh, the pursuit of fair elections faces significant challenges, including transparency issues, accountability concerns, and instances of voter fraud. This analysis presents a novel approach that combines Quranic principles with biometric voting technology to address the challenges faced by the current voting system. Taking inspiration from Islamic values, particularly those that emphasize justice, equality, and accountability, the proposed framework intends to improve the democratic aspect of e-voting in Bangladesh. By incorporating biometric authentication mechanisms, such as fingerprint or iris scanning, this framework seeks to ensure the integrity of the voting process while adhering to Quranic and Prophetic principles of fairness and transparency. This study explores the feasibility and implications of implementing such a system within Bangladesh's electoral landscape through a multidisciplinary approach that bridges Islamic scholarship, technological innovation, and political theory. By leveraging the potential of biometric voting technology guided by Quranic principles, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on electoral reform and democratization in Bangladesh, offering valuable insights into how technology and ethical considerations can intersect to strengthen democratic governance.
Legal Policies for Eradicating Criminal Acts of Domestic Violence
Authors: Husin Wattimena  , Muis Pikahulan
Published: August 2024

This study is about a legal study of the enforcement of Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the elimination of domestic violence. It is described and analyzed more deeply on the principle of equality of law, for handling cases of domestic violence, the implementation of equality before the law, and models of legal protection. justice for perpetrators and victims of violence. In addition, this study aims to examine appropriate legal service procedures as well as legal protection for victims and perpetrators of crimes of domestic violence. On the other hand, there are cooperative efforts to recover victims of domestic violence based on Ministerial Regulation No. 4 of 2006 concerning the implementation and cooperation in the recovery of victims of domestic violence. The most important essence is the eradication of criminal acts of violence in the household which aims to make the conflicting parties aware in the home to be able to foster household integrity which affects children and people around the family. The method used in this study is empirical juridical and is described using primary and secondary data sources with literature review techniques using primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The primary legal material is in the form of applicable laws and regulations. With this study, it is hoped that the best system solution for handling cases of domestic violence in Indonesia will be obtained.
Methodological recommendations for the use of intercultural portfolio by future German teachers during independent work
Authors: Vira Vira
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Based on the theoretical and empirical analysis of the use of a language portfolio in the process of mastering a foreign language and culture, the article presents an intercultural portfolio for future German teachers. The views of domestic and foreign scholars on the effectiveness of organizing the educational foreign language process with the use of a language portfolio as a means of increasing self-esteem, self-reflection on their own learningachievements are outlined. The intercultural portfolio is singled out as a means of optimizing the formation of intercultural foreign language communicative competence of future German teachers during independent work. Recommendations for the effective implementation of the intercultural portfolio in the educational process of future German language teachers are formulated. The role of the teacher in the implementation of learning activities by future specialists and modeling of the German-speaking environment is indicated. Attention is drawn to the means, methods and technologies of teaching, whichhelp to emphasize the content of the intercultural portfolio. The article emphasizes the expediency of forming educational and strategic competence, the result of which is internalized in the quality of knowledge acquisition and improvement of German-language skills and abilities at the level of intercultural communication.Particular attention is paid to self-control and self-assessment of future teachers. For this purpose, an example of a form for selfmonitoring of communicative abilities in listening is presented. It is recommended to take into account the professional orientation of future teachers in a culturally and linguistically interactive environment, where the teacher’s etiquette plays one of the communicative roles in mediating at least two cultures: Ukrainianand German-speaking. Formative control is emphasized as a guarantee of academic achievements and successful formation of a future German teacher’s cultural secondary language personality.
Analysis of English language linguo-sociocultural competence in the speech of future philologists in Ukrainian and foreign scientific literature, its characteristics, components and preconditions
Authors: Budnikova Hanna
Published: August 2024

The article deals with the analysis of linguo-sociocultulal competence in speech in the process of teaching future English philologists in Ukrainian and foreign scientific literature. It is identified that linguo-sociocultural competence is a complex and multi-component concept. Based on the analysis of Ukrainian and foreign literature, it is demonstrated that there is no single term for linguo-sociocultural competence, which substantiates the relevance of this topic. The components of linguosociocultural competence are characterized as part of foreign language communicative competence. The necessity of using a competency-based approach in teaching future philologists in higher education institutions is justified. The relevance of teaching linguo-sociocultural competence in higher education institutions is determined, particularly considering globalization processes and increasing demands in the labour market.
Methodological fundamentals of the omoform perception and translation
Authors: Petrova Tetiana , Rubtsova Svitlana , Panina Olena
Published: August 2024

The article examines and analyzes the causes of difficulties in the perception of professionally oriented scientific and technical literature, which are caused by different models of homoforms. Possible models for the analysis of homoforms are defined. Mechanisms for distinguishing homoforms are proposed and described under the condition of a learner-centered and activitybased learning approach. A system for distinguishing oppositional models of homoforms and an algorithm for their recognition has been developed. The formation of an indicative basis for the delimitation of homoforms based on the principle of conscious and active assimilation of the model through the consistent transition of students to independent activity has been ensured. The process of development of language and intellectual skills of students within the frames of logical-semantic activity during the formation of the skillsof distinguishing homoforms by combining methods of obtaining an approximate basis of action has been created and characterized.
Leaf width as a marker trait of high productivity of sweet sorghum green mass
Authors: Kovtunova N. A. , Kovtunov V. V. , Romanyukin A. E.
Published: August 2024

Relevance. The purpose of the work is to identify the main signs influencing the yield of the green mass of sugar sorghum on the basis of correlation and regression analysis. There has been identified a marker trait for high productivity of sweet sorghum, it is leaf width, the relative ease of measurement of which greatly facilitates breeding work when analyzing productivity in the field, and there have been identified collection samples with high values of the trait, recommended for use as sources. Methods. The study was carried out in 2021–2023. The objects of the study are collection samples of sweet sorghum. The soil of the experimental plot is represented by ordinary carbonate blackearth. Weather conditions of 2021–2023 were contrasting. The meteorological conditions in 2021–2023 were contrasting. The GTC for May — September in 2021 was 0.82, in 2022 — 0.52, in 2021 — 0.81, which indicates average aridity (2022) and insufficient moisture in 2021 and 2023. Results. There has been established that with an increase in leaf surface area from 96 to 450 cm², the yield of green mass for silage increases from 15 to 46 t/ha. Correlation analysis confirms this relationship r = 0.50 ± 0.06. There is an increase in the yield of green mass by 0.08 t/ha with an increase in leaf area by 1 cm². With an increase in leaf width from 3 to 10 cm, the yield of green mass increases from 18 to 48 t/ha. According to correlation and regression analysis, an increase in leaf width by 1 cm is accompanied by an increase in productivity by 4.8 t/ha at r = 0.52 ± 0.06. There have been identified the samples with the largest values of width and leaf surface area Zernogradskoe 1 UK, Volzhskoe 51/1, Sweet Oxley Amber, K-1798/1, K-3054/1, K-4575, Zernogradskoe 1/1332.
Genetic resources and grape breeding in Dagestan
Authors: Kazakhmedov R. E. , Feyzullaev B. A. , Agakhanov A. H. , Abdullayeva T. I.
Published: August 2024

Relevance. The main goals of the research work are the creation of new grape genotypes based on the mobilization of the potential of wild species, native and high-value introduced varieties with high productivity, product quality and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, improvement of the methodological base to accelerate the grape breeding process. The gene pool of grapes — 554 varieties was preserved, hybrid fund of more than 700 genotypes of new selection was created. Hybridisation of grape varieties was carried out in 96 combinations to breed high quality varieties of different directions of use, meeting the requirements of modern viticulture and winemaking, hybrid seeds were obtained in the amount of more than 27 thousand pieces, which allowed to select more than 700 promising hybrid forms, including 3 elite forms — candidates for varieties. More than 20 sources of economically valuable traits of grapes were isolated in field conditions on a hard infectious background, including the traits of “resistance to fungal diseases” and “tolerance to root phylloxera”. Phenotyping of more than 50 varieties in agro-ecological conditions of the seaside zone of southern Dagestan and DNA — passportisation and identification of more than 20 indigenous and breeding varieties of the station were carried out. 7 varieties of table and technical direction were submitted to the State Research Institute, in 2023 the table variety of early maturity Yantar Dagestan was entered into the Register of breeding achievements.
Method and results of laboratory and field studies of a separating system with thermal energy of cleaning a machine for sugar beet harvesting
Authors: Dorokhov A. S. , Sibirev A. V. , Mosyakov M. A.
Published: August 2024

Relevance. An important task set for producers is to extract root crops from the soil as quickly as possible and reduce harvesting time. In pursuit of machine productivity, equipment manufacturers neglect the quality of the harvested products; compliance with agrotechnical requirements is not fully ensured, such as the permissible total contamination of root crops — no more than 10%, including plant matter — no more than 2%. From the above it follows that with an increase in the productivity of harvesting machines, it is necessary to increase the productivity of separating devices, since a large amount of soil impurities enters sugar factories along with sugar beets. The developed system allows cleaning devices to ensure the technological process of working in conditions of optimal humidity when harvesting sugar beets W = 18–22%, with this indicator increasing to 25–27%. At the same time, the cleaning ability of the separating system increases depending on the humidity and mechanical composition of the soil by reducing the sticking of soil into the gaps of the separating surface. Methods. Conducting empirical studies is due to the need to confirm the theoretical dependencies obtained, their correlation with the performance indicators of the developed separation system of the beet harvester in the field. Results. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that an increase in the rotational frequency of the separating star leads to a decrease in the completeness of separation by an average of 1.6%. The separation completeness ranges from 96.2 to 96.8% have been determined, which is due to the drying processes of soil impurities on the surface of the cleaning star rods from the heat of the exhaust gases of the power plant.
Immunometabolic features of the formation of post-vaccination immunity against porcine circovirus type 2 in sows
Authors: Burkov P. V. , Rebezov M. B. , Derkho M. A. , Shcherbakov P. N. , Derkho A. O.
Published: August 2024

Relevance. Immunometabolic status plays an important role in the formation of post-vaccination immunity against porcine circovirus type 2 in sows. Methods. The object of the study was sows that were vaccinated with the “Ingelvac CircoFLEX” vaccine (Germany) on the 21st day of lactation after weaning their piglets (control group). In the experimental group, vaccination was combined with the administration of “Transfer Factor” obtained from leukocytes of hyperimmunized animals. The effectiveness of vaccination was assessed by parameters of immunometabolic status and production indicators. Results. The introduction of “Transfer Factor” into the vaccination scheme of sows against pig circovirus of the second type makes it possible to form an immunometabolism profile in the animals› body, promoting the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies in the required quantity, which is reflected in the value of production and economically important indicators as markers of the effectiveness of postvaccination immunity. This is achieved due to the fact that post-vaccination immunological reactions occur predominantly through the mechanism of a secondary immune response, as evidenced by an increase in the concentration of IgG by 1.46–1.55 times and a decrease in IgM by 1.63–2.11 times, compared with the control. The hepatoprotective properties of “Transfer Factor” modulate the functional ability of liver cells and stabilize the state of their membrane structures, which determines the orientation of protein and lipid metabolism in the body of sows in an anabolic direction, promoting the retention of protein nitrogen and the accumulation of reserve fats in the body of animals, the use of carbon residues of amino acids in the Krebs cycle through the regulation of the activity of transamination enzymes (AlAT, AST), control of the choleretic ability of hepatocytes, rational cholesterol metabolism. Correction of the immunometabolism status of sows in the post-vaccination period allows, in comparison with the control, to reduce the retirement of sows from the pig farm population by 21.05%, the stillbirth of piglets by 38.15%, increasing the number of adopted ones by 10.55%, and increasing the yield of piglets by 1 farrowing. 12.5 heads to 13 and their safety at farrowing is 0.80%.