bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis on Galloping Properties from Transmission Line Vibration Data
Authors: Zhao Bin , Li-chun Zhang , Jia-lun Yang
Published: February 2021

At the beginning of 2020, a large-scale cold wave has affected the Bohai rim and central China, causing icing and galloping of transmission lines in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning, Shandong, Hubei and other places, and causing some lines to trip. In this paper, the the temperature and other real-time data of line condition were considered, and a real-time analysis algorithm of galloping characteristics was proposed. In the process of this cold wave, a galloping phenomenon is recorded and analyzed in detail, which provided scientific and technological support for galloping prevention and control.
Research on strength distribution of natural pumice concrete based on precast porosity
Authors: Yan Bai , Hailong Wang , Yongjiannan An , Aize Li
Published: February 2021

In this study, the rubber natural pumice concrete was taken as the research object, and the orthogonal test method was employed to design the experiment, the rubber particles were added to the concrete as precast pores to test the actual porosity, compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of the natural pumice concrete under different precast porosities. According to the change rule, the actual porosity, compressive strength and split tensile strength distribution were respectively fitted. The results show that there is a good correlation between the actual porosity of natural pumice concrete and the precast porosity, and then the empirical formula of rubber particle content and concrete strength is established, which provides a certain theoretical reference for the research on the porosity of natural pumice concrete.
Combustion experimental analysis into effects of interaction between blended coals on the NO emission
Authors: Chen Yuanjing , Su Sheng , Hu Song , Xu Jun , Xu Kai , Wang Yi , Xiang Jun
Published: February 2021

In studies of blended coal combustion, blending methods have an effect on NO emissions, but few experimental studies investigate the coal combustion in different height of furnace. In order to compare the effects of different blending methods on the NO emission during combustion process, bituminous coal, anthracite and their blended coal were burned in various modes in a two-layer and layer distance adjustable reactor. The results showed that NO emission of blended coal decreased nonlinearly with the blending ratio of bituminous coal (BBR) increasing. It indicated that interactions between component coals affected NO formation, leading to different NO emission in these three blending methods (two in-furnace blending methods and one out-furnace blending method). Compared with other methods, the in-furnace blending method (bituminous coal on the upper layer and anthracite on the lower layer) showed a great potential to reduce NO emission. Particularly, when the layer distance increased to 200 mm and the BBR is 70%, the NO emission reached the lowest.
Mathematically modeling action potentials in myelinated neurons to examine the role of myelin, ion channel density, and myelinated lengths on conduction
Authors: Ji Jiayi
Published: February 2021

Since the seminal work of Hodgkin and Huxley, which quantitatively described the propagation of electrical signals through neurons, there has been much investigation into the electrical and geometrical properties of neurons and how they affect conduction velocity along a neuron’s length. To study human neuron behaviors, mathematical models have expanded upon Hodgkin and Huxley’s models to incorporate the effects of neurons that are myelinated by modeling myelinated portions of neurons as passive cables.

Here, we present a developed mathematical model that discretizes a myelinated axon length and finely allows for control over a number of important electrical and geometrical properties. Using this model, we present and compare how myelin, inter-node length, and ion channel density affect conduction velocity in two different lengths of axons. We confirm that myelination, internode-length, and ion channel density correlate positively with conduction velocity, and propose potential mechanisms of this effect at lower node length and inter-node length values.
Study on Land Use and Precipitation Changes in the Main Urban Area of Kunming in the Past 40 Years
Authors: Zhang Yan , Luo Yi , Su Hong
Published: February 2021

Based on the land use data of Kunming main city in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020 and the precipitation data of Kunming meteorological station in 1980-2019. Used anomaly analysis and Manner-Kendall methods to analyze land use changes and precipitation trends in the main urban area of Kunming. The results show that under the background of urbanization, the land use change in Kunming main city is obvious, and the construction land area is obviously increased. The annual precipitation level showed a downward trend, the annual precipitation days decreased significantly, and the extreme precipitation days increased. The change of land use has obvious influence on precipitation events.
Management Point Cloud Data based on GeoSOT-3D Subdivision Model
Authors: Liu Zhongyue , Guo Xian
Published: February 2021

Owing to the rapid development of earth observation technology, the volume of point cloud dataset is growing rapidly. The efficient management and retrieval method is very important for effective use of the large point cloud datasets. Current methods for point cloud data management are generally based on file which makes it difficult to describe internal structure of the modelling objects, while current indexing is generally based on coordinates which is quite time-consuming for large volume cloud point data. To solve these problems, we proposed a method to manage and index point cloud data with a global grid model GeoSOT. The subdivision model of three-dimensional point cloud data was defined to identify the global position of point clouds and internal points with GeoSOT-3D grids. The management and indexing of point clouds were implemented based on the GeoSOT-3D grid codes integrated with the metadata table. A 3D prototype platform for showing the method was developed based on the Cesium. Experimental results show that our method is able to manage, query, visualize massive point clouds as well as other data sources in a unified global position framework.
Preliminary Design of Aircraft without Vertical Tail
Authors: Liu Mingzhe , Cui Can , Sun Jian
Published: February 2021

According to the development of international military equipment, the mainstream fighters in the first half of the 21st century will be the sixth-generation fighters. Today, one of the characteristics of the sixth-generation fighters may be “no vertical tail”, so this work will explore the absence of vertical tails in this paper. Under the premise of a stable surface, the preliminary aerodynamic shape design of the sixth-generation fighter. And to study the openloop and closed-loop dynamic control characteristics of such aircraft. Finally, the preliminary design scheme of the aircraft without vertical tail is obtained.
Research on the Transformation Area Deformation of Topographic Map Under the Background of “Multi Conformity”
Authors: Yong Lei , Lihui Wang , Zhu Chen , Chuanjian Ren , Zhihong Wang
Published: February 2021

The urban independent coordinate system based on CGCS2000 has a relatively strict conversion correspondence with CGCS2000 coordinate system. Based on the surveying and mapping technical force of class a unit, the conversion of control points can be realized and high precision can be achieved. In the process of topographic map transformation, due to the influence of side length projection deformation, it will have an impact on the area of engineering construction plot. Through the coordinate conversion function of the digital mapping software, the topographic map is transformed to explore the change rate of the converted area and provide decision-making basis for the planning and construction departments.
Study of the Site Class Index Chart of Larch Plantation Based on the Mitscherlich Model1
Authors: Jiao Youquan , Feng Ji
Published: February 2021

In this paper, 196 plots and 460 larches were selected as the material, and analyzed the oriented exponential order site class index curve model of larches located at Wangyedian in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia. The forestal statistical analysis software (SPSS 18.0) was used to data fitting and analytic comparison of larch plantation data. The results showed that: the oriented Mitstcherlich curvilinear function was the more appropriate model of oriented larch plantation site class index curve after comprehensive considering of fitting accuracy, curve trend, distribution trend of sampling points and residual distribution. Based on regressive Mitstcherlich model, the paper selected 30a larches planted and operating level confirmed the exponential distance is 2m with 12 exponential orders, and then drew the site class curve cluster. Furthermore, the 12 exponential orders site class index table of larches located in Wangyedian, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia was worked out.
The Acceleration of the Gravitational Wave Events Through the Circumbinary Disk Around Two Inspiraling Black Holes
Authors: Nie Jiachen , Cao Ning , Chen Xinghan
Published: February 2021

The observation of gravitational wave opens a new window for both physics and astrophysics. Among the models of the formation of binary black holes (BHs), some suggest the existence of circumbinary disk, which may provide the material to ignite the electromagnetic radiation observable to modern astronomical facilities. In this work, we investigate the consequences of such circumbinary disk, with an emphasis on the reduction in the BH-BH merger timescale, i.e. the total time necessary for the gravitational wave events to happen. We find that, the circumbinary disk excites a tidal torque onto the BH-BH system, and it dominates the angular momentum transfer (outward) when the BH-BH separation a> xxx. Theoretical implications of this result are discussed.
Analysis of Topography and Composition of the Von Kármán Impact Crater
Authors: Hou Jinlong , Li Li , Li Shiwei
Published: February 2021

The Vo n Kármán impact crater in the Chang’E-4 landing area is located in in the Northwestern South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin on the back of the Moon, and the analysis of its topography and compositional characteristics is essential for the landing of the probe and the exploration of the lunar surface, which plays a fundamental role in obtaining information on the geomorphology and geology of the lunar surface. In this paper, the topography of the Vo n Kármán impact crater is analyzed based on DEM, slope and terrain roughness, then the compositional characteristics of the Von Kármán impact crater are analyzed according to TiO2 and FeO content through combining LRO LOLA data and Clementine UV-VIS data. This study is a basis for revealing the surface characteristics and structure of the Moon.
The use of silos from legume-cereal grass mixtures and energy feed additives in the feeding rations of new-bodied first-calf cows
Authors: Kosolapov V , Sharifyanov B , Ishmuratov K , Kosolapova V , Salikhov E
Published: February 2021

The paper presents a technology for obtaining dried silos prepared from herbs of legume-cereal mixtures, which ensures maximum preservation of nutrients and high quality of feed. The chemical composition and nutritional content of feed, the norms for the introduction of tested silos into the main feeding diet, and the dose for the introduction of an energy feed additive were determined. Based on the balance sheet experience, the digestibility of the main nutrients was calculated, the hematological and biochemical status of blood was revealed, the productivity and quality of first-calf milk was estimated, and feed costs for the production of 1 kg of milk were established.
The effect of feeding Biotin and zeolite on the performance of rumen metabolism in steers during the growing period
Authors: Ishmuratov K , Vologina Z , Zverkova Z
Published: February 2021

This article presents the results of a physiological experiment on 3 bulls-analogs with rumen fistulae to study the metabolic processes in the main part of the stomach when introducing a microbiological protein Supplement of biotrine and zeolite of natural origin into the main feeding diet. The balance of nitrogen and the main macro-and microelements was studied, and the hematological parameters of the blood of bulls during the growing period were studied. Based on the results obtained, it is recommended to use biotrin in the feeding diets of raised young cattle both separately and in different ratios with zeolite, which creates favorable conditions for fermentation and assimilation of feed nutrients.
Geobotanical indication of flooding and salinization of lands the Volga region and Western Kazakhstan
Authors: Trofimov I A , Kosolapov V M , Trofimova L S , Yakovleva E P , Teberdiev D M , Kutuzova A A , Privalova K N , Yemelyanov A V , Skripnikova E V , Koshen B
Published: February 2021

In order to study the spatial distribution of biological and ecological patterns on the territory of the Volga region and Western Kazakhstan, geobotanical indication of flooding and salinization of the lands these regions was carried out. Geobotanical indication is used in the study, assessment, mapping and monitoring of territorial complexes and their components and is based on the analysis of the relationships of the geographical envelope as a whole. The article is the result of many years of interdisciplinary research. It is based both on the data obtained by the authors as a result of agro-landscape and ecological zoning and in the course of field expedition research, and on the analysis of long-term series of statistical information and literature sources. Intensive economic activity that requires the use of large amounts water resources, against the background of modern climate changes, leads to waterlogging in large areas. The weakening or termination of economic activity, the decrease in the volume of water resources used under certain conditions leads to the spread of land salinization. Flooding and sal-inization of arid lands near reservoirs, channels, reclamation facilities, functioning and abandoned irrigation fields, etc. occupy significant areas and are of great importance as environmental problems in the Volga region and Western Kazakhstan. The most dynamic and fast-responding biotic component of ecosystems to the occurrence of flooding and salinization is vegetation.
Aftereffect of long-term deposition of raspberry micro-plants in a light room on nutrient media with the addition of Superstim drug modifications on their rhizogenesis and adaptation
Authors: Akimova S V , Kirkach V V , Demenko V I , Malevannaya N N , Semenova N A , Glinushkin A P , Yu Podkovyrov I
Published: February 2021

When the clonal micropropagation of raspberry remontant the sorts of Briliantovay and Hercules) at the stages of in vitro rhizogenesis and adaptation to non-sterile conditions, the aftereffect of depositing micro-plants in a light room was evaluated when adding Superstim-1 and Superstim-2 preparations in small and ultra-small doses to the nutrient medium. Analysis of effective concentrations during deposition and aftereffect studies at all further stages of clonal micropropagation showed the advantage of the preparation Superstim-1 in concentration for the diamond variety 1 × 10-9 %, for the Heracles variety 1 × 10-6 %. When you Deposit in the culture room, micro plants remain viable without signs of necrosis and chlorosis for 10-12 months, during the remediation of the propagation coefficient is 3-5 times higher than those of control, on the rhizogenesis 20-30 days reduce the duration of the period of subcultivation, and the best options 100% accustomed at the stage of adaptation to non-sterile conditions in 2 - 2.5 times superior to the control indicators.
Protection of cereals from a complex of diseases
Authors: Nikiforov E V , Sanin S S , Strizhekozin Yu A
Published: February 2021

In this article lays the foundation for a program to protect various crops from a complex of diseases. The program is open for inclusion of new modules. As basic components, it uses previously developed models to protect wheat from brown rust, powdery mildew, Septoria and their complex. The new program has increased the detail of calculations based on the model of large-scale distribution of brown rust uredospores in wheat. Significant changes have been made to the basic module for protecting wheat from brown rust, which uses the results of calculations based on a large-scale spread model with a reduced space step and is the basis for comparison with other diseases. The new program was also adapted for the case of poorly defined initial conditions about the actual defeat of wheat by brown rust, powdery mildew and Septoria. Equations are given for estimating wheat damage and crop losses if there is no data on varietal characteristics, regardless of the phase of plant development.
SAPROPELIC SEDIMENTS OF THE VOLGA-AKHTUBA FLOODPLAIN
Authors: Sviridova L L , Glinushkin A P
Published: February 2021

The widespread development of human civilization leads to the improvement of production potential in any of its manifestations. The question arises in which aspect: positive or negative? The harmonization of human activity with the natural components of the geographical envelope is the true achievement of civilization, to which it is necessary to strive and develop.
Statistical Analysis of the Influence of Test Environment on Geomembrane Physical Test
Authors: Zheng Airong , Chen Ju , Whang Jiannan
Published: February 2021

Temperature and relative humidity affect the test of geomembrane. Here, using mathematical statistics, we analyzed the influence of temperature and relative humidity during state regulation and test on the results. The test data of geomembrane were obtained by changing the temperature and relative humidity ranging from 18°C to 25°C and from 50% to 70% respectively. Variation characteristics of discreteness and numerical value of test results with temperature and relative humidity are obtained by statistical analysis method. The results show that the influence of temperature and relative humidity on the test results stability is the change of numerical value and distribution characteristics. Under different temperature and relative humidity, the coefficient of variation of the test value of mass per unit area is 3.4% ∼ 4.1%, and the coefficient of variation of average value is 0.3%, which shows good stability; the coefficient of variation of thickness test value is 2.9% ∼ 7.0%, and the coefficient of variation of average value is 6.8%, and the value decreases with the increase of temperature.
Hourly electric load forecasting for buildings using hybrid intelligent modelling
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Duan Peiyong , Li Junqing
Published: February 2021

Because of the rapidly increasing total electric load of buildings, effective electric load management should be achieved quickly. This can be realized via electric load forecasting. In this study, a novel clustering-based hybrid prediction model is proposed to predict the 24-daily electric load of buildings. In this study, fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), and some intelligent prediction algorithms are combined. FCM is used to extract the daily data exhibiting similar features, whereas EEMD is used for breaking down the optimal prediction algorithm is selected for each component, and the prediction results are integrated. When compared with the remaining conventional prediction models based on real data, the proposed hybrid model exhibits higher prediction accuracy.
Study on the mechanical properties of phosphogypsum composite cementing materials based on alkali excitation
Authors: Ma Pengfei , Yang Wen , Kang Zeqian , Kang Shengrong , Cheng Baojun
Published: February 2021

In this research, phosphogypsum composite cementing material using phosphogypsum powder, slag powder, fly ash and cement were prepared as the main cementing materials, and sodium silicate was used as the activator. The influence of the cement content of 0 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.% and the change of 0%, 2%, 4% alkali equivalent on the mechanical properties of cementing materials was studied, the types and content of admixtures suitable for phosphogypsum cementitious materials were also studied. The cost of the materials used was calculated and analyzed. The results showed the increase in cement content and alkali equivalent will improve the mechanical properties of the cementitious material, and the strength can reach 23.0 MPa; the change of alkali equivalent had a more obvious impact on the early (1 d) mechanical properties of the cementitious material than cement; when these two factors synergistically worked, the cement content should not exceed 10 wt.%, or the mechanical properties of the material would decline; the effect of using the naphthalene-based water-reducing agent was better than that of the polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agent, and when cement, sodium silicate and naphthalene water reducer were used together, the maximum compressive strength of 7 d reached 24.4 MPa, which was higher than 39.4% of the sample without water reducer. The ratio used in the experiment was relatively low cost, which had a great reference value for the comprehensive utilization of industrial by-product phosphogypsum.
Development of Cloud-Based Agriculture Marketing System with Intellectual Weigh Machine
Authors: Anbumani V , Geetha V , Praveen Kumar V , Sabaree D , Sivanantham K
Published: February 2021

Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. Agriculture is most important occupation for the maximum number of the Indian families. Though technologies developed so much still farmers did not get the reasonable price in the market for their agricultural products because of intermediaries. Today most of the distribution systems are facing many challenges like intermediaries, in between the producers and the customers, seeking to earn more profit. Hence there is need for a more regularized system to avoid the intermediaries and agriculturist should get more gain out of their product. The aim of the system is to develop a better, efficient marketing system using intellectual weighing system using Load cell, Raspberry-pi module. It includes security and easy consolidation of the bill. The conventional system has intermediaries because of whom the profit of the producer will be getting affected. In the existing system, works which include entry, product weighing, product distribution and product delivery are done manually. Proposed system includes proper data from the databases to be sent to corresponding users. It facilitates the interaction between producer and buyers and enables the buyer to buy product easily. Stock maintenance in the distribution center is established.
Design and Fabrication of Octopod for Survey and Rescue Operation
Authors: Kumar V Arun , Meenakshipriya B , Bijoy Antony P T , Adithya B , Hari Vikinesh M
Published: February 2021

Although wheel is an ideal method of locomotion and the invention of the spoke wheel made a wheel lighter and swifter, a wheel cannot function well on slanted or rough surfaces. Further, the load support of the wheel is limited to a point of the whole wheel in contact with the ground. In rough and rocky terrains, wheels become ineffective or not able to serve the purpose. On realizing this fact, a new design and fabrication is suggested and a walking robot is designed accordingly. In the practical life, the usage of robots has been felt especially in search and rescue operations, extraterrestrial exploration and many more such applications. In these areas, the existing wheeled robots are not able to perform well and hence they can be replaced with walking robots of special design. In distant areas, many expeditions of walking robot need the tele-operation mode. Yet, sensing the terrains and controlling the robots become difficult for a human operator with the available capabilities and hence the walking robot should be designed in such a way that even with limited feedback from the remote operator, it should have adequate autonomy to take due advantage of its competency and capabilities. The paper envisages a new method of real-time motion planning on rough and rugged surface and in this paper, an octopod is designed, developed and fabricated accordingly.
LABVIEW Based Simulation on Welding Seam Tracking Using Edge Detection Technique
Authors: Parameshwaran R. , Maheswari C. , Nithyavathy N. , Rishab Govind R. , Selvakumar N. , Robin Deva Dharshan V. , Vasanth M.
Published: February 2021

High performance and precision characteristics in automatic welding technology continues to find a wider application in diverse industries. A welding simulation for seam tracking based on a purpose-built vision sensor is designed to improve the welding efficiency of robotic Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). A shape-matching algorithm is suggested and simulated using graphical device design software LabVIEW to achieve a reliable and precise seam tracking process that is sensitive to groove styles. Relevant modules such as smart parameter setting, image capture and processing, welding expert database, robot communication and route planning modules are included in the software. The main feature of using vision technology is to acquire direct images of the real-time weld path and accurately process them. This is directly linked to seam tracking accuracy. The coordinates for the ABB industrial robot are fed through the profi-bus cable through the use of the Virtual Instrumentation with data acquisition system (DAQ) in NI LabVIEW.
A Review on Fiber Reinforced Concrete using sisal fiber
Authors: Iniya M.P , Nirmalkumar K
Published: February 2021

Fiber Reinforced Concrete FRC can be used for a variety, of applications. Fibers are utilized in concrete crack requiring reduction of physical property protection, drying reduction and improved strength and toughness, increased service life and decrease bleeding from water, concrete permeability, and construction value. The utilization of sisal, a natural fiber with increased mechanical efficiency, as reinforcement in an exceeding matrix based on supported cement. The proportion of sisal fiber used in concrete ranged from 0.1% to 2% of concrete and length of fiber 50mm to 60mm fiber length in concrete with aspect ratio. By adding short fibers, tensile strength is improved, thaw resistance is frozen, impact resistance, and concrete brittleness are reduced. In general, fiber does not enhance the concrete strength, as the replacement moment is reduced in the reinforcement of structural steel. This paper also represents fiber limitation content, environmental aspects, and FRC is the modern technical enhancement in the civil substructure. This review paper also describes the compressive strength test, flexural strength test, tensile strength test, impact strength test of FRC sisal fiber effect strength test.
Experimental investigation on pullout capacity of model pile in Cohesionless Deposits
Authors: Raja K , Hasan Abdul Kader J M , Hariswaran S
Published: February 2021

In this project, an experimental study is made on pile pullout capacity, varying the diameter of the pile (d), Length to diameter ratio (L/d), the effect of pile inclination or batter angle (α), nature of the pile surface by placing the pile in cohesionless soils. The experimental values are determined and are compared with case studies in literature. In this project, various literatures on pullout capacity of piles were studied and experiment procedure was derived. Poorly graded river sand was used for cohesionless deposit. The sand is tested for engineering and index properties. Two types of piles, rough and smooth with different lengths were tested at different batter angles. The results are plotted in the graph. These graphs are used for comparative studies of various outcomes of the experiment and results were established.
Machine Vision based quality inspection for automotive parts using edge detection technique
Authors: Kiruba Shankar R , Indra J , Oviya R , Heeraj A , Ragunathan R
Published: February 2021

This paper discusses the way in which the efficacy of inspection process can be improved. In the existing system the products are inspected manually to identify the defects. However, existing methodology is not efficient or accurate. On account of this the product is at a high risk of being rejected due to its low quality. This can lead to a hike in the production cost. In present industrial conditions there is an enormous competition in the manufacturing industry, therefore it is a necessity to maintain a high-quality inspection process to cope up with the competition. This can be achieved with the help of advanced technologies like machine vision. This technology uses a non-contact method of inspection. Compared to the existing technology this technology has improved efficiency and accuracy, while consuming less time. Thus, allowing the industries to keep up with the current competitive environment.
Image recognition based billing system for fruit shop using raspberry PI
Authors: Vennila A , Balambigai S , Deepa G , Ilakkia M , Harshikaa Devi P , Naagavignesh V
Published: February 2021

This work describes a system that automatically does the billing of fruits in the retail market. Smart billing system is used for identifying and classifying the fruit types and to calculate the bill amount based on the type and quantity of fruits purchased by the consumer. Fruit identification is done using image processing technique and for weight measurement a load cell is used in the smart system. In this system an SVM classifier is used for fruit recognition. This smart billing system analyzes and classifies fruits successfully and bill calculation is performed accurately.
Condition Monitoring of 3D Printer Using Micro Accelerometer
Authors: Gomathi K. , Ganesh T. , Bharanidharan J. , Arvindh Prajathkar A.P. , Aravinthan R.
Published: February 2021

The unwanted disturbance in the form of vibration causes damages to the components produced and reduces the efficiency of the machine. Analysing and controlling the vibration is very important for moving machines. The working principle of 3D printer is Additive Manufacturing Technique. Thus, for a minute vibration the observable defects are produced. So, it is necessary to analyse the vibrations of the 3D printer. To analyse a machine, it is important to know about the motions produced by the machine, then suitable sensors must be chosen to measure those motions. The condition of the machine can be found using sensor measurement values. A 3D printer produces three types of motions such as point to point motion, zigzag motion and continuous motion. The vibration produced during each of these motions is monitored using the conventional accelerometer, micro accelerometer and the micro flown sensor. The values of micro accelerometer are acquired using Arduino and NI – cDAQ9174. The results from each of these sensors are analysed and compared. From the results, it is clear that during the continuous motion the vibration is very less since it is observed during the soft edges of the components. The vibration is maximum and rhythmic during the zigzag motion due to sudden acceleration and deceleration. The point to point motion is produced while using the support material.
Natural Fibers in Concrete – A Review
Authors: Shadheer Ahamed M , Ravichandran P , Krishnaraja A.R
Published: February 2021

The latest thesis deals with the issues of natural fiber in order to observe the strength properties and even a reduction in the replication of the shrinkage crack problemsin concrete. The organic fibers such as coir, palm, kenaf, jute, sisal, banana, pine, sugarcane and bamboo etc. Various researchers are studied as building materials that can be found in cement paste, mortar, concrete. It was observed that the results of few fiber are most promising and given below. The present work focuses to improve the ductility and strength properties of concrete on bringing out. The same proportions of different fibers cannot be changed by all the normal concrete. This research may include the characteristics, behaviors and consistency of the fibers between themselves. Finally, the study focuses solely on similarities and variations between all kind of natural fibers. The goal of this analysis is to provide an analysis of the factors influencing the overall performance and reliability. The proportions for comparisons and conclusion were studied.
Design and Fabrication of a Multinomial Model for Machine Interference Problem
Authors: Venkatesa Prabu D. , Meenakshi Priya B. , Priyanka E.B. , Kalaiarassan G.
Published: February 2021

Machining has gotten crucial to the cutting-edge industry. It is utilized legitimately or in a roundabout way in the production of practically all the merchandise and ventures being determined everywhere in the world. This project is mainly carried out in Multi-Function Operating Machine for production industries. It is a multipurpose machine that can be used to perform various operations like drilling (screw fitting, boring, broaching), grinding and lathe operations (facing, step turning, knurling and cutting) of small workpieces very precisely. A lathe is one of the oldest and perhaps most important machine tools ever developed. Hole machining, constituting a considerable percentage of all machining operations, is accomplished, as a rule, be rotary and axial feed motions of the cutting tool or work. The boring cycle is a widely utilized machining activity by which however or daze openings are cut or begun in a workpiece. Penetrating is a machining activity wherein the opening is created or broadened by the utilization of an extraordinary cutting device, called a drill, normally having more than one forefront. Crushing is a machining activity where a multi-edged pivoting grating device called a granulating wheel eliminates abundant material from the workpiece. Granulating of level surfaces called surface crushing. Grinding of flat surfaces called surface grinding.
An Analysis of the Impact of Automation on Supply Chain Performance in Logistics Companies
Authors: Andiyappillai N
Published: February 2021

While many companies currently seek technology for penetration into the sector, precision and efficiency while speeding up the processes at the same time, the performance of the supply chain is confronted by numerous challenges that can hinder its performance. This essay discusses the issues and questions resulting from an automated approach employed by industrial companies. The method thus has a considerable influence on the supply chain’s performance, taking account of internal synchronization. After multiple interviews with two companies, an interactive process was developed. The outcomes of the study were extracted from the variables associated with the exam. We have already seen various statistics that indicate that automation has eliminated manufacturing costs, human bugs and a somewhat time-consuming process for supply chains. Although the quality and effectiveness of employees have improved, cooperation between departments and resources and time taken with each job has also improved.
Design of Miniaturized Antenna Array for Microwave Imaging Application
Authors: Ramkumar V , Balaji A , Chinnammal V , Vanaja S , Malarvizhi C
Published: February 2021

To detect the presence of tumor in the breast, a miniaturized Ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is simulated with the use of CST microwave studio. In free space, its operating range is about 3.548GHz. The Flame Retardant (FR-4) material is used as a substrate in the design of the microstrip antenna. The antenna has the dimensions of 16 x 20 mm. The improved bandwidth is obtained by making some modifications in the patch and ground plane. To improve the gain and directivity, an array of 2 x 2 elements are created. The improvement in gain and directivity is analyzed for different spacing between the elements like λ/2 and λ. The spacing of λ/2 between the elements created gives the improved directivity and gain.
UWB Sierpinski Fractal Antenna for Breast Tumour Detection Using SAR
Authors: Joselin Jeya Sheela J. , Rosaline S. , Thanga Mugila S , Shanmathi Sri S , Praveen Kumar V.
Published: February 2021

Breast tumour is the most common tumour in the world and one in eight women is likely to develop breast tumours. Survival rate is higher only when the tumour is detected at the early stages. The various methodologies currently available to detect breast tumour are ultrasound, MRI, X-ray mammography etc. But these methods are not cost effective and have other reliability issues. In this paper, tumour is detected by passing microwave signals into the homogeneous breast model by designing an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Sierpinski fractal micro strip patch antenna (MSA) with reduced ground. SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) calculation helps to find the presence of tumour. The antenna characteristics are studied using CST studio suite 2017 software. Sierpinski fractals and reduced ground are used to achieve UWB and enhance bandwidth. The preferred antenna provides a bandwidth width of 9.71 GHz (2.79 - 12GHz).
Detection & Defensive Approach for Primary User Emulation Attacking Cognitive Radio Network
Authors: Gokulakrishnan K. , Kiruthiga B. , Jayapal N. , Karthi S.P. , Stonier Albert Alexander
Published: February 2021

Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) is the future scope wireless technology that aims to enhance the spectrum utilization. It meets out the increasing demand in spectrum access by all possible wireless applications and services. Security is an important issue but not focused much in CRN. In this research, the detection and defensive approach for Primary User Emulation Attack (PUEA) is presented. In order to secure cognitive radio network against PUEA, two level of detection algorithm is proposed. Energy detection with three threshold value and localization technique is used to detect the attackers. To enhance the Quality of Service (QoS) of the Secondary Users (SU), guard channel is allocated to the secondary user by the fusion center. This process is carried out whenever the communication between the SUs is intervened by the licensed primary user or an attacker.
An Enhanced Anti-phishing Scheme to Detect Phishing Website
Authors: Rajasekar Vani , Premalatha J. , Sathya K. , Dhanesh Raakul S. , Saracevic Muzafer
Published: February 2021

Phishing is a network attack in which attacker generates a replica of current legitimate site to contrivance the users into submitting their personal and sensitive information. A good anti-phishing solution should have rapid access time and rapid detection rate, but most of the existing solutions fail to satisfy it. A new method is proposed to prevent phishing attack which evaluates the URL Characteristics and cross check with the white-list. The proposed method has higher access time and higher detection rate than other methods. Whenever the user opens a website for the first time which is not available in the white-list, the algorithm proposed here examines the webpage using URL characteristics. The experimental results depict the accuracy of proposed method having accuracy of 93.8% with less negative rate.
IoT Based Home Automation System using Raspberry Pi 4
Authors: Maragatham T , Balasubramanie P , Vivekanandhan M
Published: February 2021

This paper proposes a propelled home mechanization framework that utilizes an android application to control and screen the home apparatuses. This plan depends on the Internet of Things (IoT).In home computerization, every single home apparatus are organized together and worked without human intercession. In this framework, Raspberry Pi 4 is going to be interfaced with numerous sensors that may evaluate temperature and steaminess, light, energy, etc. Sensors were used to collect information and it would be stored in the data store and an example examination is done on the put away information which tells the client at which time the machines are typically on or off with the goal that they can be naturally controlled with no human intercession by watching the normal use design. The client moreover turns on/off remotely by means of mobile application and web-server.
Categorization of Diabetic Retinopathy using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Renukadevi N T , Saraswathi K , Karunakaran S , Anguraj B
Published: February 2021

Diabetic retinopathy is a disease that infects the vision of human eyes suffering from diabetes. It affects the blood vessels of soft tissues at retina, which is located at the backside of the eyes. This disease is evaluated by the physicians based on the retinal images of patients. Detection of the disease initiates human-intensive work for medical practitioners with monetary expenses also. Recent research works have identified that the use of deep learning methods for automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy helps the experts to make quick decision about the patient’s health conditions. In this paper, automated detection of diabetic retinopathy using deep belief networks has been presented which process the retinal images of patients and provides accurate diagnosis of categories of diabetic retinopathy. The proposed method has been trained and tested with Convolutional Neural Networks and Deep Belief Networks. The confidence level of diagnosis is computed and 94.69% with 96.01% are achieved in the detection of Proliferative diabetic retinopathy using CNN and DBN based on the features of data.
Artificial intelligent third umpire runout decision making using image processing
Authors: Nirmala Devi P , Manoj Senthil K , Selvavignesh S
Published: February 2021

Cricket is the most interesting game watched by the people all over the world. The decisions given by the umpire play a vital role in deciding the game winning situation. As human decisions are prone to error, the need of smart technology intervention is mandate. The advances in image processing and computer vision techniques has now paved the way for making effective and correct decisions on all phases of the game and in automatic scoring. This paper proposes a new approach for detecting the run out using stump detection and from the intersection of the bat and the crease line, named Artificial Intelligent third Umpire (AITU). The accuracy of decision making is improved thereby reducing the third umpire work.
A SCALE AND ROTATION INVARIANT FAST IMAGE MINING FOR SHAPES
Authors: Narayana M. , Tamilarasu P. , Karunakaran S. , Subrahmanyam Ch.
Published: February 2021

In recent times, fast content – based image retrieval is required in image mining for shapes, as image database is rising exponentially in size with time. In this paper, a sample, fast and efficient process through Distance Mapping for CBIR is proposed. In distance mapped domain, zero valued points represent the boundary of the object and the rest are assigned the value with the shortest distance to the boundary of the object. All the regional points within the object are defined with positive distance while the background points are given negative distances. The shape signature proposed is obtained from the statistical properties of the distance mapped functional. The features used are the number of grid points within pre-specified narrow band region across the object boundary and their algebraic relationship. It is found that, these features are invariant to sealing and rotations. T his increases the retrieval rate and also the speed of retrieval as no pre-scaling and rotation are required to register the shape. Conventional distance mapping is a time consuming process. This process can be used as coarse level in hierarchical CBIR that shrinks the database size from large set to a small one. This tiny database can further the database can be scrutinized meticulously using the above said methods like wavelets, curve lets etc. For feature extraction to improve the retriveval rate or even in the present work using accurate distance mapping.
Automatic Classification and Accuracy by Deep Learning Using CNN Methods in Lung Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Thamilarasi V , Roselin R
Published: February 2021

Automatic image segmentation and classification of medical images plays significant role in detection and diagnosis of various pathological process. Normally chest radiography is a basic representation to find many abnormalities present in the chest. Radiology services delayed due to proper detection, segmentation and classification of diseases. Automatic segmentation and classification of medical images improved both pathological and radiological process. In recent days the deep learning with CNN methods provides remarkable successes in medical image diagnosis with in time limit and with minimum cost. The proposed method handles CNN for automatic classification of lung chest x-ray images as normal and up normal. Applying these modern techniques to lung chest x-ray images face more challenges while using small dataset. For testing JSRT dataset used which contains 247 images. Preeminent performance achieved using 180 images of nodule and non-nodule images. This method produce expected classification accuracy with the help of faster computation of CNN within fraction of seconds and attain 86.67% in classification accuracy.
A Survey on metaheuristic nature inspired computations used for Mining of Association Rule, Frequent Itemset and High Utility Itemset
Authors: Logeswaran K , Andal R K S , Ezhilmathi S T , Harshath Khan A , Suresh P , Prasanna Kumar K R
Published: February 2021

Metaheuristics are dilemma-independent methods that are generalizedin a variety of problems. In the real world, various problems are solved using generalized dilemma-independent methods called Metaheuristics Computation. Metaheuristic Nature Inspired Computing (MNIC) is a generalized approach to solve NP-hard problems by taking inspirations from the behavior of mother biological nature and their characteristics. Mining of Association rule, Frequent Itemset and High Utility Itemset are strongly interrelated and developing in the field of Data Mining. Metaheuristic nature inspired computation was widely used for the mining association rules of frequentitemsets and high utility itemsets to address the high computation time and optimal solutions. While various articles have been written, there is no systematic review of contemporary metaheuristic nature inspired approaches used in Association Rule Mining (ARM), Frequent Itemset Mining (FIM) and High Utility Itemset Mining (HUIM). This paper explores recent literature on various metaheuristics nature inspired approaches used for ARM, FIM and HUIM.
A hybrid artificial neural network classifier based on feature selection using binary dragonfly optimization for breast cancer detection
Authors: Parvathavarthini S , Deepa D
Published: February 2021

Medical image analysis has become a challenging task as it contributes to disease diagnosis. Breast cancer has been the prominent reason for death among women. While analysing mammogram images, there is a need for clear differentiation of between benign and malignant tissues. Also, early detection of breast masses lead to prediction of breast cancer at the initial stage and minimizes risk of death. In this work, the image is preprocessed using Median filter and is segmented using Fuzzy C Means clustering. Fuzzy C-Means clustering algorithm helps in extracting the region of interest by allocating pixels with similar characteristics into a single group. A pixel may be present in various clusters with different membership values. The belongingness of a pixel to a cluster is decided by the highest membership value. Then the statistical, texture and shape features are extracted from the image. Since there may be many features that are less relevant for classification process, prominent features are selected with the help of Binary Dragonfly Optimization Algorithm and the selected features are fed into a Feed Forward Neural Network trained with Back Propagation Learning to classify the mass as benign or malignant. Experiments are conducted over 320 images from mini-MIAS database out of which 200 ROIs are used in training and 120 ROIs are used in testing phase. The region of interest from given mammogram images are extracted successfully and classified with an accuracy of 98.75%.