bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between obesity and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children at a tertiary care outpatient setting: A comparative study
Authors: Ellepola A. , Wijethunge G. S. , Gunawardena N.
Published: June 2020

BackgroundAs the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity increases in developing countries, it is important to identify associated morbidity. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been recently recognized as one such comorbidity in this group. The current study describes the prevalence of ADHD among obese and non-obese children attending outpatient clinics at Lady Ridgeway Hospital (LRH), Sri Lanka. AimsThe main focus of this study was to explore the association between ADHD and obesity in Sri Lankan children. MethodologyThis was a comparative cross sectional study of 209 children aged 6-12 years attending the outpatient department, and the outpatient clinic for obese children at Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo. Participant height and weight was measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Obesity was defined as a BMI of more than 95th centile as per the reference charts. Demographic data was collected using a prepared format and assessment of ADHD was carried out based on DSM IV criteria using the K-SADS PL. ResultsThe prevalence of ADHD among obese participants was 17.1% (n=18), compared to 5.7% (n=6) among the non-obese, and this difference was statistically significant. The combined type ADHD was the most common sub type, followed by the predominantly hyperactive-impulsive. There was a male preponderance with regards to the diagnosis of ADHD. ConclusionsThis study shows that the rate of ADHD is higher among children with obesity, compared to the non-obese. Reasons behind this co-morbidity are unknown. If replicated in future studies, these findings will have important implications in the prevention and management of ADHD in this population group.
Rapid identification of shallow inundation for mosquito disease mitigation using drone-derived multispectral imagery
Authors: Sarira Tasya Vadya , Clarke Kenneth , Weinstein Philip , Koh Lian Pin , Lewis Megan
Published: June 2020

Mosquito breeding habitat identification often relies on slow, labour-intensive and expensive ground surveys. With advances in remote sensing and autonomous flight technologies, we endeavoured to accelerate this detection by assessing the effectiveness of a drone multispectral imaging system to determine areas of shallow inundation in an intertidal saltmarsh in South Australia. Through laboratory experiments, we characterised Near-Infrared (NIR) reflectance responses to water depth and vegetation cover, and established a reflectance threshold for mapping water sufficiently deep for potential mosquito breeding. We then applied this threshold to field-acquired drone imagery and used simultaneous in-situ observations to assess its mapping accuracy. A NIR reflectance threshold of 0.2 combined with a vegetation mask derived from Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) resulted in a mapping accuracy of 80.3% with a Cohen’s Kappa of 0.5, with confusion between vegetation and shallow water depths (< 10 cm) appearing to be major causes of error. This high degree of mapping accuracy was achieved with affordable drone equipment, and commercially available sensors and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software, demonstrating the efficiency of such an approach to identify shallow inundation likely to be suitable for mosquito breeding.
Determining the association between dengue and social inequality factors in north-eastern Brazil: A spatial modelling
Authors: Da Conceição Araújo Damião , Dos Santos Allan Dantas , Lima Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida , Vaez Andreia Centenaro , Cunha Jéssica Oliveira , Conceição Gomes Machado de Araújo Karina
Published: June 2020

Dengue is a global public health problem. The Dengue Virus (DENV) serotypes are transmitted by an Aedes aegypti mosquito. Vector control is among the primary methods to prevent the disease, especially in tropical countries. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of dengue and its relationship with social inequalities using spatial modelling. An ecological study with temporal and spatial analysis was conducted in the state of Sergipe, Northeast Brazil, over a period of 18 years. Spatial modelling was used to determine the influence of space on dengue incidence and social inequalities. The epidemic rates in 2008, 2012, and 2015 were identified. Spatial modelling explained 40% of the influence of social inequalities on dengue incidence in the state. The main social inequalities related to the occurrence of dengue were the percentage of people living in extreme poverty and inadequate sanitation. The epidemic situation even increased the risk of dengue in the population of the state of Sergipe. These results demonstrate the potential of spatial modelling in determining the factors associated with dengue epidemics and are useful in planning the intersectoral public health policies.
Cograde Conditions and Cotorsion Pairs
Authors: Tang Xi , Huang Zhaoyong
Published: June 2020

Let

R

and

S

be rings and

_R\omega_S

a semidualizing bimodule. We investigate when the double functor

\mathrm {Tor}^S_i(\omega, \mathrm {Ext}^i_{R}(\omega,-))

preserves epimorphisms and the double functor

\mathrm {Ext}_{R}^i(\omega, \mathrm {Tor}_i^{S}(\omega,-))

preserves monomorphisms in terms of the (strong) cograde conditions of modules. Under certain cograde condition of modules, we construct two complete cotorsion pairs. In addition, we establish the relation between some relative finitistic dimensions of rings and the right and left projective dimensions of

\omega

.
New Approach for Codend Selectivity: a Case Study of Coastal Beach Seine for Big-Scale Sand Smelt (Atherina boyeri) Fishery in İznik Lake
Authors: Cilbiz Mehmet , Uysal Rahmi , Tosunoglu Zafer , Aydin Celalettin , Alp Ahmet , Bilgin Fuat
Published: June 2020

Sand smelt (Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810), which is an exotic species with invasive
character, is the third most caught species in the small-scale fisheries among the inland
fisheries in Turkey. The fact that it has become an important source of income for the
fishermen with low income due to its export potential has led to the maintenance of
its stock recently. In this study, the selectivity of coastal beach seine used in the fishing
of the species was investigated. A specially designed coastal beach seine with 10 m
codend consisting of 4 different compartments was used in the study. Among the
compartments of the codend, which was surrounded by a 6 mm mesh cover, in the
codend panels mesh with 9, 12 and 14 mm were used. Field studies were carried out
on a monthly basis in 4 different stations of İznik Lake in 2014. Selectivity data were
collected by the covered codend method and analyzed by means of a logistic equation
with the maximum likelihood method. A totally 3053 individuals were caught length
ranged from 2.6-11.2 cm and weight ranged from 0.11-11.02 g. The mean L50 values
of 14, 12- and 9-mm panels were determined as 6.71, 5.62 and 4.51 cm total length,
respectively. It is concluded that 12 mm mesh size panel is suitable for sustainable A.
boyeri fishery by beach seine net when considered given by length at first maturity
size.
Further results on why a point process is effective for estimating correlation between brain regions
Authors: Cifre I. , Zarepour M. , Horovitz S. G. , Cannas S. A. , Chialvo D. R.
Published: June 2020

Signals from brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be efficiently represented by a sparse spatiotemporal point process, according to a recently introduced heuristic signal processing scheme. This approach has already been validated for relevant conditions, demonstrating that it preserves and compresses a surprisingly large fraction of the signal information. Here we investigated the conditions necessary for such an approach to succeed, as well as the underlying reasons, using real fMRI data and a simulated dataset. The results show that the key lies in the temporal correlation properties of the time series under consideration. It was found that signals with slowly decaying autocorrelations are particularly suitable for this type of compression, where inflection points contain most of the information.
KAJIAN BIBLIKA TENTANG KESELAMATAN BERDASARKAN KITAB FILIPI 2:12
Authors: Marbun Tolop
Published: June 2020

Tulisan ini membahas keselamatan berdasarkan Kitab Filipi. Filipi 2:12 ini sering digunakan untuk memerintahkan orang Kristen untuk mengerjakan atau mengusahakan keselamatan. Hal ini bisa menimbulkan kebingungan bagi orang percaya apakah keselamatan oleh anugerah saja atau tetap diusahakan. Tujuannya mengekspos konteks keselamatan berdasarkan kitab Filipi supaya mendapat penafsiran yang tepat. Metodologi yang dipakai adalah metode tafsir narasi. Fokusnya adalah analisis konteks, analisis verbal dan analisis teologis. Hasilnya, keselamatan dalam konteks Filipi 1:19 paulus bebas dari penjara, 1:18 keselamatan yang kekal, dan 2:12 adalah keselamatan kooperatif. Kata “mengerjakan” sama dengan menunjukkan keselamatan. Secara teologis, kata “keselamatan” sama dengan pengudusan.
PENGGUNAAN GADGET DALAM PAK UNTUK MEMPERDALAM KEROHANIAN PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Molawan Yani Margaretha , Mosooli Ermin Alperiana
Published: June 2020

Gadget merupakan salah satu alat yang digemari para remaja. Selain memiliki sejumlah pengaruh negatif, gadget juga memiliki sejumlah manfaat positif bagi remaja. Salah satunya bisa digunakan untuk memperdalam kerohanian remaja. Namun untuk itu diperlukan pendampingan. Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) di sekolah merupakan salah satu sistem pendampingan yang potensial.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauhmana para peserta didik di sekolah menggunakan gadget untuk memperdalam kerohanian, dan bagaimana PAK di sekolah berpengaruh terhadap penggunaan gadget tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode campuran (mix method) kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan subyek Siswa SMP Kristen Luwuk, Banggai, Sulawesi Tengah. Jumlah responden delapan puluh enam siswa dengan empat puluh delapan sampel.  Hasil yang diperoleh, peserta didik di SMP Kristen Luwuk jarang menggunakan gadget untuk memperdalam kerohanian mereka. Penelitian tahap kedua adalah penelitian kualitatif. Tehnik pengambilan data berupa wawancara dengan informan tunggal guru PAK yang mengajar di sekolah tersebut dan studi dokumen terhadap Kurikulum 2013 serta buku-buku pelajaran utama PAK yang digunakan di sekolah. Hasil yang diperoleh, materi mengenai gadget dalam PAK belum signifikan. Porsi gadget masih sedikit dalam kurikulum, belum ada buku-buku materi pelajaran di sekolah yang khusus membahas tentang PAK dan gadget, guru PAK belum memainkan peran strategis. Kesimpulan: PAK di SMP Kristen Luwuk belum terlalu mengkondisikan peserta didik menggunakan gadget untuk memperdalam kerohanian mereka.
Menyoal Agapisme Klasik di Indonesia
Authors: Aruan Abel Kristofel
Published: June 2020

Di Indonesia, percakapan tentang dasar meta-etis dari perbuatan baik bagi sesama masih didominasi oleh agapisme, yaitu pemahaman bahwa agape adalah jenis cinta paling utama, dikerjakan oleh Allah, dan yang patut diterapkan oleh seorang Kristen. Penolakan secara teologis mulai muncul dari beberapa teolog seperti Ferry Mamahit dan Joas Adiprasetya. Mamahit mengkritik polarisasi dikotomis antara agape dan eros, sedangkan Adiprasetya mengembalikan nama baik philia di hadapan agape. Tulisan ini mengkritik agapisme, khususnya agapisme klasik dari Anders Nygren, melalui sudut bidik filsafat. Dengan aparatus antropologi filosofis dari seorang pemikir Kristen, James K. A. Smith, penulis menjelaskan bahwa menginginkan (cinta-erotis) adalah keniscayaan sebagai seorang manusia. Permasalahannya bukan terletak pada apakah manusia mau meninggalkan eros—sebagaimana secara normatif Nygren utarakan—sebab sejatinya eros sudah pasti menjadi dorongan utama yang mendasari perbuatan baik pada sesama. Masalahnya justru terletak pada apa yang menjadi tujuan akhir (causa finalis) dari perbuatan baik itu. Melengkapi pemikiran Smith, tulisan ini mengambil ide Nicholas Wolterstorff yang mengusung shalom sebagai causa finalis dari perbuatan baik seseorang. Upaya ini hendak menandaskan bahwa model Smith/Wolterstorff lebih sesuai kenyataan ketimbang agapisme.
Engineering Imagination with Ideation
Authors: Hite Rebecca , Jones Gail , Jur Jesse S.
Published: June 2020

This paper explores the components and efficacy of an engineering-based Research Experience for Teachers (RET) program with a focus on ideation. Leveraging the imaginative and iterative elements of the ideation process, participants engaged in inquiry exploring energy harvesting and novel sensor technology. In modeling the ideation methodology, participants were more engaged in authentic research, which subsequently fostered the creation of novel lesson plans extending beyond the classroom. The importance of research-based, STEM-based RET experiences are a critical feature of bolstering teacher content and pedagogical skills while embedding features of student-centered elements such as creativity and imagination. During the following school year, participating teachers created an inter-district competition designing Ebolavirus sensors using the One Health framework introduced in the summer research experience program. An example of a student product is provided. A discussion of alignment to science curriculum standards as well as the need of these programs are also discussed.
Talking Science- It’s Not Elementary! Improving Elementary Pre-service Teacher Discourse Skills through a Scaffolded “Science Talks” Assignment
Authors: Dutton Lee Tammy , Glass Bonnie
Published: June 2020

Learning science requires communication between participants, however creating effective discourse for elementary classrooms has shown to be a difficult task. In this article, we highlight an assignment given to undergraduate elementary pre-service teachers concentrating in elementary science. Transcripts of elementary pre-service teachers’ (EPST) “Science Talks” have been reviewed and, over the course of three semesters of implementation, scaffolds have been put in place to provide EPSTs with strategies and tools necessary to better plan, implement, and evaluate science discourse. Initial findings, which point to the effectiveness of this assignment and the additional scaffolding, will be discussed. These findings have potential applications for teacher education programs as well as for in-service teacher professional development.
Out of School and into STEM: Supporting Girls of Color through Culturally Relevant Enrichment
Authors: Young Jemimah L. , Young Jamaal R. , Paufler Noelle A.
Published: June 2020

Increasing the participation of girls of color in the Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) is a national concern. Due to the persistence of achievement and opportunity gaps, sustaining positive STEM dispositions in girls of color is critical to diversifying the STEM pipeline. Enrichment activities can serve as a means to address persistent gaps in opportunities to learn. The purpose of this article was to explain how teachers could adapt traditional STEM enrichment activities to support girls of color through culturally relevant instructional practices. The three components of culturally relevant pedagogy are utilized to example how to adapt traditional activities to support girls of color in STEM. Examples are presented to foster (1) academic success, (2) cultural competence, and (3) sociopolitical consciousness in girls of color. Greater opportunities for STEM professional development, especially those that help teachers build upon culturally relevant teaching, are needed for both pre- and in-service teachers who desire to serve as teacher leaders in STEM. Implications and suggestions for teacher leaders are presented throughout.
Global Learning Using Biology PBL: A Texas-China Collaboration in Middle Grade Genetics
Authors: O’Connor Blair , Hite Rebecca
Published: June 2020

21st century and global skills are generally described as competencies for communication and problem solving skills as well as developing the ability to view content-specific issues through a multicultural perspective. Preparing K-12 students for science futures means they must have opportunities to concurrently acquire skills in 21st century and global learning. Additionally, the professional biology community has called for advancing middle grades students’ knowledge of complex scientific phenomena using novel pedagogies like Project-Based Learning (PBL). Thus, middle grade educators are now tasked to design classroom opportunities for STEM-focused PBL using global interaction such to develop and refine global and 21st century skills and developing students’ content knowledge. This classroom centered project paired middle school students in Texas with Chinese peers to collaborate on a biology-based Project-Based Learning (PBL) activity on the complex topic of genetics. During the 7 day-long unit on heredity, the goal was to utilize global collaboration in STEM to not only understanding inheritance and differentiate between dominant and recessive traits, but also embed global competencies and 21st century skills. The context, planning, and outcomes of the global collaboration are discussed as well as recommendation for future collaborations in Global STEM collaborations in middle school.
Prospective Teachers’ Beliefs About Mathematics: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Baker Katherine
Published: June 2020

The Mathematics Enthusiast Special Issue (2014) presented an extensive review of the literature around the content knowledge of prospective elementary teachers (PTs). The issue excluded articles around PTs’ beliefs. Understanding research around PTs’ beliefs is important to understanding how to design and support their teaching preparation. Attending to PTs’ beliefs helps to ensure their content knowledge and instructional methods are aligned with reform-based mathematics. This article highlights a literature review that addressed the omission of beliefs and explored how teacher preparation might address PTs’ held beliefs.
2017 YILI HAYAT BİLGİSİ DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMININ ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİNE GÖRE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: SAĞLAM Mehmet , BABAYİĞİT Ozgur , GÖKÇE Ayhan , YILMAZ Ömer
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı hayat Bilgisi dersi öğretim programının öğretmen görüşlerine göre değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomonoloji yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Yozgat Merkez, Yozgat Sorgun ve Sorgun Esenli Kasabasında görev yapmakta olan 32 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Ulaşılan veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara dayalı veriler kategorize edilerek çizelgelerde belirtilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmenler;  ağırlıklı olarak hayat bilgisi dersi öğretim programındaki kazanımları hayata uyarlanabildiğini belirtmişlerdir. Çevresel şartların, ailesel şartların ve bireysel şartların bu kazanımların uygulanmasında zorluk oluşturabildiğini, bazı kavramların soyut kaldığını, bazı kazanımların ise sınıf seviyesinin üstünde olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Konuların fazla sürelerin ise az olduğu bazı öğretmenler tarafından vurgulanmasına rağmen çoğunluk süreleri yeterli görmektedir. Ders ve çalışma kitaplarının daha nitelikli olması gerektiği üzerinde duran öğretmenler materyallerinin yeterli olmadığını bildirmişlerdir.  Öğretmenlerin çoğu ölçme ve değerlendirmede soru-cevap, gözlem formları ve sınıf içi ve dışı etkinlikleri baz almaktadır. Bunların yanında test, boşluk doldurma, doğru-yanlış, eşleştirme ve açık uçlu soruları kullanmaktadırlar. Öğretmenler genel olarak standart ölçme ve değerlendirme yöntemlerini kullanmaktadırlar.  Atatürkçülük konularının yeterliliği konusunda çoğunluk yeterli bulmakla birlikte Atatürk'ün hayatının yanında milli duyguları yansıtacak konuların işlenmesi ve Atatürkçülükle ilişkilendirilmesi gerektiği belirtilmiştir. Öğretmenler programa katkı amaçlı olarak programın günlük yaşam ile daha ilişkili olması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir. Ders kitaplarının görsellerinin ve etkinliklerinin daha iyi olması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir. Programın daha esnek olması gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir. Araştırma sonuçları kapsamında önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
‘HÜCRE VE BÖLÜNMELER’ ÜNİTESİNİN REACT STRATEJİSİYLE ÖĞRETİMİNİN TUTUM VE MOTİVASYONA ETKİSİ
Authors: ERDOĞAN KARAŞ Özlem , GÜL Şeyda
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ‘Hücre ve
Bölünmeler’ ünitesinin REACT stratejisiyle öğretiminin 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin
fen bilimleri dersine yönelik tutumları ile fen öğrenmeye yönelik
motivasyonları üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Nicel yaklaşımın benimsendiği
araştırmada ön-test/son-test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel araştırma deseni
kullanılmıştır. Örneklem grubunu 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılı içerisinde
Trabzon Vakfıkebir ilçe merkezinde bulunan ve rastgele belirlenmiş bir
ortaokulun 7. sınıfında öğrenim gören toplam 60 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırmanın verileri Fen Bilimleri Dersi Tutum Ölçeği (FBTÖ) ile Fen Öğrenmeye
Yönelik Motivasyon Ölçeği (FÖMÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS 20.0 istatistik
programında kullanılarak betimsel istatistikler (aritmetik ortalama, standart
sapma) ile bağımlı ve bağımsız örneklem t-testi ile analiz edilmiştir.
Analizler sonucunda, öğrencilerin her iki ölçekte de uygulama öncesi ve sonrası
puan ortalamalarının genel olarak yüksek düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan
istatistiksel analizlerde ise gerek tutum ölçeği gerekse motivasyon ölçeğinde
deney ve kontrol grubunun kendi içinde ön-test/son-test puanları arasında
önemli düzeyde bir farklılık gözlenmemiştir. Öte yandan motivasyon ölçeğinde
grupların ön-test puanlar açısından birbirine denk olmaması nedeniyle gruplar
arasında son-test ve ön-test puan farkları alınarak yapılan karşılaştırmada
kontrol grubu lehine anlamlı düzeyde bir artışın olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Çalışmanın sonunda ise elde bulgular doğrultusunda ileriye yönelik çalışmalar
için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Estimation of Design Flood Hydrographs for Osun River at Iwo Control Station in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Adejumo Lukman A , Salami Wahab , Adeniran Kamoru
Published: June 2020

The unit and storm hydrographs for the catchment of  Osun River at Iwo station Osun State, Nigeria were developed. Soil Conservation Service (SCS) and Snyder’s unit hydrograph methods were used to develop synthetic hydrographs for the catchment, while the SCS Curve Number method was used to estimate excess rainfall values from rainfall depth of different return periods. The peak storm flows obtained based on the unit hydrograph ordinates using convolution procedures determined by SCS for rainfall events of  10yr, 20yr, 50yr, 100yr and 200yr return periods for the catchment  vary from 819.87 m3/s to 1681.34 m3/s, while those based on Snyder’s method for the catchment vary from  551.41m3/s to 1134.86 m3/s . The statistical analysis at 5% level of significance indicated that there were significant differences in the two methods. The analysis showed that the total peak flows for different return periods obtained from SCS method is higher than that of Snyder’s method by 33.16%. SCS method was recommended for use on the watershed since it incorporates most major hydrological and morphological characteristics of the basins like the watershed area, main channel length, river channel slope and watershed slope.
Derivation of New Class of Orthogonal Polynomials with Recurrence Relation
Authors: Adeyefa Emmanuel , Adeniyi Raphael , Olanayo Olatunde , Haruna Yahaya , Oladunjoye John
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the derivation of a new class of orthogonal polynomials named ADEM-B orthogonal polynomials, valid in the interval [-1, 1] with respect to weight function. The analysis of some basic properties of the polynomials shows that the polynomials are symmetrical depending on whether index n in  is even or odd. The recurrence relation of the class of the polynomials is presented and a brief review of the formulation of existing scheme is considered to test the applicability of the polynomials. Findings reveal that these polynomials produce the same results as in zeros of Chebyshev and Legendre polynomials.
Electro-Mechanical Based Automated Whiteboard Wiper
Authors: Odiase Precious , Okoli Gabriel
Published: June 2020

Whiteboards although not new, form the basis for an effective learning in organisations and the educational sector of technology.The most common technique of erasing a whiteboard is by the use of a whiteboard wiper which is a hand held object manually controlled by the student or teacher. Although the type of material used in wiping the board has evolved, the manual labour is still a constant factor. Technologically, improvements have been achieved in this area where we have the Interactive Whiteboards, However, the cost of acquisition and installation is on the high side for most institutions. The need to save time, funds and effort in schools, offices and various other areas where boards are applied is exceedingly growing and through the use of an automated whiteboard wiper, this can be wholly achieved. In this paper, we design and construct a white board wiper that will completely wipe clean the board after being used with the aid of a push button. The Whiteboard Wiper is a purely electro-mechanical automated whiteboard erasing system, which incorporates a logic gate based control circuit and a mechanical system that will allow for adaptability to various sizes and is reasonably affordable.
Design, Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of Awning/Canopy for Thermal Comfortability
Authors: Ajao K R , Yahaya T , Kolawole Maruf Y , Aweda J O
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the design, fabrication and performance evaluation of retractable awning/canopy system for thermal comfortability. It consists of frame (mild steel bars), linear actuator, fabric (acrylic), adapter, roller pathways and photo sensor (for easiness of control). After fabrication and coupling of the whole components of the retractable awning system, it was connected to the adapter and power source for performance test evaluation. It was observed that, the actuator arm which was coupled to the fabric began projecting outward and once the photo sensor was shaded from sunlight using a dark material, the fabric retracted into the roller. Also a reduced solar heat gain factor of 28.16 W was achieved by shading the window compared to the solar gain factor of 498.54 W before shading with a cooling load of 415.37 W. This can be incorporated into building plans especially those at the sunheating direction and tropical region to reduce inner-house temperature air-conditioner loading for longer life and efficient operation.
Toz Enjeksiyon Kalıplama Yöntemi ile Üretilen FeCo Alaşımlarının Mikroyapı ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması
Authors: ÖZGÜN Özgür , GÜLSOY Hamit
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada, Fe50Co0,2Si alaşımından toz enjeksiyon kalıplama tekniği ile metalik parça üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Şekillendirme, çok bileşenli bir bağlayıcı sistemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Şekillendirilen numuneler, uygulanan iki aşamalı bağlayıcı giderme işleminden sonra optimum sinterleme sıcaklığının belirlenmesi amacıyla farklı sıcaklıklarda sinterlenmiştir. Üretilen parçaların yoğunluk, mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Yoğunluk ölçümleri ve mikroyapı incelemeleri, artan sinterleme sıcaklığının elde edilen bağıl yoğunluğu artırdığını göstermiştir. Ancak, mikroyapı incelemelerinden bunun tane irileşmesine neden olduğu görülmüştür. Mikroyapının iki farklı fazdan oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu fazlardan biri FeCo katı çözeltisi iken diğer faz, üzerinde (Fe,Co)3C lamelleri bulunan FeCo katı çözeltisidir. Sertlik değerleri literatürde belirtilmiş olan değerlere yakın çıkmış olup, çekme testlerinde numuneler oldukça gevrek bir davranış sergilemiştir.
Boyut İndirgeme Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi
Authors: ÇALIŞAN Mücahit , TALU Muhammed Fatih
Published: June 2020

Günümüz veritabanları hızlı bir şekilde büyümektedir. Örneğin Youtube’a her dakikada ortalama 300 saatlik video yüklenmektedir. Veri boyutuyla orantılı bir şekilde, işleme, depolama ve transfer maliyetleri artmaktadır. Buna karşılık, özellikle video ve imge gibi yüksek boyutlu veri içeriklerinin büyük oranda benzer olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu tür yüksek boyutlu ham verilerin, düşük boyutlara indirgenmesi, imge sınıflandırma, algılama ve anlamlı bilgi çıkarım prosesleri için hayati öneme sahiptir. Veri boyutunu indirgeyen çok sayıda teknik mevcuttur. Klasik yapay öğrenme tekniklerinden; PCA (Temel Bileşenler Analizi) ve LDA (Doğrusal Ayıraç Analizi), probleme matematiksel bir çözüm zemini kazandırdıkları için ön plana çıkarken, doğrusal olmayan tekniklerden, derin öğrenme yaklaşımlarından olan Oto-Kodlayıcı (Auto-Encoding), büyük verilerin indirgenmesine izin vermesi bakımından araştırmacıların ilgisini çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, gerçek ve sentetik veriler (doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan) kullanılarak PCA, LDA ve Auto-Encoding (AE) yöntemlerinin boyut indirgeme performansları incelenmiştir. Belirli kıstaslarda (harcanan zaman, yeniden inşa etme doğruluğu vb.) alınan sonuçlar karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde sunulmuştur.
Compton Scattering Measurements of Ar and O2 Using 59.54 keV Gamma-rays
Authors: ŞAKAR Erdem , GÜROL Ali
Published: June 2020

In this study, it has been investigated of the Compton profiles (CP) of the Ar and O2 gases using a Compton spectrometer having annular 241Am radioactive source. The photons emitted from the radioactive source and scattered photons from the samples were recorded using HPGe detector. In order to obtain experimental Compton profiles of the samples the Warwick codes were used. The experimental results obtained were compared with the theoretical results calculated by Hartree-Fock method. The results clearly show that the experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement, especially in the high momentum region. It was observed that while the difference between the experimental and theoretical results of Ar and O2 gases in the pz = 0 region is about 4%, this difference is below 1% after pz = 2.
Ratlarda Kadmiyum Kaynaklı Mide Toksisitesine Karşı Karvakrol’un Etkileri
Authors: KÜÇÜKLER Sefa , ÖZDEMİR Selçuk , KANDEMİR Fatih , ÇAĞLAYAN Cüneyt
Published: June 2020

Sunulan çalışmanın amacı; ağır metallerden olan kadmiyumun (Cd) neden olduğu mide toksisitesine karşı karvakrol (Krv)’nin etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada Spraque Dawley cinsi 35 adet erkek rat rastgele 5 gruba ayrıldı: Kontrol grubu, Cd uygulanan grup, Krv 50 mg kg-1 uygulanan grup, Cd + Krv 25 mg kg-1 uygulanan grup ve Cd + Krv 50 mg kg-1 uygulanan grup. Cd’nin glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) ve katalaz (KAT) gibi antioksidan enzim aktivitelerini ve glutatyon (GSH) düzeylerini azaltıp, lipid peroksidasyonunu (LPO) artırarak oksidatif hasara neden olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca Cd ile kombine uygulanan Krv uygulamasının GSH seviyesini ve antioksidan enzim aktivitelerini arttırdığı, lipid peroksidasyonunu ise azalttığı tespit edildi. Çalışmada incelenen glikoz düzenleyici protein 78 (GRP78) mRNA transkipt seviyesinin Cd grubunda önemli şekilde arttığı, Krv uygulamasının ise bu gene ait ekspresyon seviyesini azalttığı belirlendi. Mide dokusunda Cd toksikasyonu aktive edici transkripsiyon faktör 6 (ATF6) ekspresyonunu arttırdığı, Krv uygulaması ile bu gene ait ekspresyonda düşüş meydana geldiği saptandı.Sonuç olarak; Cd kaynaklı mide toksisitesinde Krv’nin yararlı etkilerinin olduğu oksidan-antioksidan denge ile GRP78 ve ATF6 ekspresyonları incelenerek tespit edildi.
Yemlik Bezelye ve Yemlik Bakla Bitki Kısımlarının Kalite Özellikleri ve Mineral Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: USLU Ömer Süha , AKBAY Fatma , EROL Adem
Published: June 2020

Araştırma, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Alanında yetiştirilen yemlik bezelye ve yemlik baklaya ait bazı bitki kısımlarının (tüm bitki, yaprak, sap ve dal) kalite özellikleri ve makro-mikro besin elementi içeriklerini tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma 2017-2018 yetiştirme sezonunda tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; en yüksek kuru madde, ham protein ve ham kül oranı bitkilerin yaprak kısmında saptanmıştır. Kuru madde ve ham protein yönünden yemlik bezelye, kül oranı yönünden bakla bitkisinin zengin olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmada Al, B, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb ve Zn besin elementleri, türler ve tür x bitki kısımları interaksiyonu arasında önemli derecede fark olduğu saptanmıştır. Tür x bitki kısımları interaksiyonuna ait ortalama değerlerin sırasıyla; 161-251 ppm, 13,1-15,7 ppm, 6019-7681 ppm, 0,01-0,02 ppm, 0,23-0,34 ppm, 1,31-1,69 ppm, 6,99-9,87 ppm, 164-221,9 ppm, 14163-16616 ppm, 2538-3526 ppm, 16,61-27,55 ppm, 2486-6723 ppm, 3,17-8,77 ppm, 2567-3428 ppm, 1,23-1,37 ppm ve 14,31-18,93 ppm arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Bitkilerin yaprak kısımlarının diğer bitki kısımlarına göre besin elementi yönünden daha zengin ve besleyici olduğu bu sebeple iyi muhafaza edilmesi gerektiği anlaşılmıştır.
The Impact of Artificial Lightweight Aggregate on the Engineering Features of Geopolymer Mortar
Authors: MERMERDAŞ Kasım , İPEK Süleyman , SOR Nadhim Hamah , MULAPEER Esameddin Saed , EKMEN Şevin
Published: June 2020

In this study, a research on the effectiveness of artificial lightweight aggregate (A-LWA) on the fresh and hardened properties of geopolymer mortars is presented. The main aim of this study is to propose a relatively newer means of recycling of FA through geopolymer mortar production. Therefore, firstly, artificial lightweight aggregate (A-LWA) was produced through the cold-bonding pelletization process of FA. Then, FA based geopolymer mortars were produced with this aggregate. The geopolymer mortars manufactured in this study had constant source material and alkaline activator quantities of 600 and 300 kg m-3, respectively. The proportion of Na2SiO3-to-NaOH was 2.5 and the molarity of NaOH was 12 M. The A-LWA sand was replaced partially with river sand up to 100%. The compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, fresh and dry densities of the geopolymer composites were measured at the age of 7 days and the flow table test was conducted to indicate the consistency of the geopolymer mixtures. The results indicated the A-LWA utilization enhanced the workability of the geopolymer mixtures and the highest increase of flow diameter of %20 was obtained using 100% A-LWA. Compressive strength values of geopolymer mortars varied between 4.28 and 32.3 MPa. A systematical decrease in the compressive strength and revealed with respect to the increasing level of A-LWA due to the softness and weakness of the A-LWA particles. Ultrasonic pulse velocity results of geopolymer mortars ranged from 1479 to 2596 m s-1 with related the replacement level of A-LWA.
Difference Series Spaces and Matrix Transformations
Authors: H. GÜLEÇ G. Canan
Published: June 2020

This paper deals with new series space |C_α |_p (∇) introduced by using Cesàro means and difference operator. It is shown that this newly defined space |C_α |_p (∇) is a BK- space and has Schauder basis. Furthermore, the α, β, and γ-duals of |C_α |_p (∇) are computed and the characterizations of classes of matrix mappings from |C_α |_p (∇) to X={l_∞,c,c_0} are also given.
Is the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulator Agency (Mhra) Guidance on Sodium Valproate Acceptable to Women of Childbearing Age?
Authors: Morrison Ian , Cork Hannah , Smith Pauline , Campbell Charlene , McTiernan Megan , White Kathleen
Published: June 2020

Background

The UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) published guidelines restricting the use of sodium valproate in women of childbearing age unless they consented to the pregnancy prevention programme (PPP), receiving counselling by an epilepsy specialist, or meeting exclusion criteria.

Method

We contacted every woman of childbearing age on valproate for epilepsy in NHS Tayside (122).

Results

Seventeen out of 122 (13.9%) responded to the initial invitation to attend, and 25 out of 122 (20.4%) responded to a letter sent to their GP. Twenty-five attended, 21 completed a consent form, seven switched to another drug and three attended to express dissatisfaction with the MHRA guidance. There were 53 patients identified with learning difficulties. Consent was only taken from three patients, with carers declining to sign consent because the patient was not sexually active.

Conclusion

Our study suggests that patients and carers do not wish to stop valproate or engage in PPP despite being made aware of MHRA guidance.
Epidemiological, Clinical and Laboratory Features of Leptospirosis Compared to Other Acute Febrile Illnesses
Authors: Balasundaram Padma Kumar , Kanakamma Libu Gnanaseelan , Jayageetha Kumari , Selvarajan Baraneedaran
Published: June 2020

Background

Leptospirosis is a common zoonotic disease. Many waterborne diseases and mosquito-borne diseases are common causes of acute febrile illnesses in the southern Indian state of Kerala posing diagnostic challenges. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features of leptospirosis diagnosed using the modified Faine's criteria (with amendment) compared to other common acute febrile illnesses.

Methods

In this prospective study, all consecutive patients with acute febrile illness, headache and myalgia presenting to our tertiary care hospital's single unit from March 2013 to February 2015 were subjected to detailed history taking and thorough clinical examination. Leptospiral immunoglobulin M (IgM) serology was confirmed by RecombiLISA ELISA and modified Faine's criteria were used for diagnosis of leptospirosis. Other diagnoses for acute febrile illnesses were assigned based on clinical and laboratory investigations. Bivariate and regression analysis was carried out to analyse epidemiological, clinical and laboratory parameters of both groups.

Results

A total of 389 patients were enrolled, out of which 110 patients had the presumptive diagnosis of leptospirosis. Among the 279 with non-leptospirosis acute febrile illness, dengue (39%) and other viral febrile illnesses (25%) were the most common diagnoses. Regression analysis identified several epidemiological (contact with contaminated animals or water and drinking unboiled water), clinical (conjunctival congestion and muscle tenderness) and laboratory investigations (leucocytosis, neutrophilia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] and aspartate aminotransferase) which were helpful in distinguishing leptospirosis from other acute febrile illnesses.

Conclusion

Our study suggests that certain epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features in patients with leptospirosis may allow an early diagnosis. Our study also underscores the usefulness of confirming the leptospiral serology by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in combination with relevant epidemiological and clinical features in diagnosing leptospirosis using the modified Faine's criteria.
Primary Ewing Sarcoma of the Lung: A Challenging Case
Authors: Wu Henry H. , Wingfield-Digby James , Jifon Gilbert
Published: June 2020

Ewing sarcoma usually develops in the second decade of life as a primary osseous malignancy. An extraskeletal primary source of this condition from the lung parenchyma is extremely uncommon. We report the case of a 33-year old man with primary Ewing sarcoma of the lung diagnosed upon postsurgical histological examination. Initially presenting with unilateral pleural effusion, our patient underwent various investigations before final diagnosis. This case report reviews the available literature of similarly reported cases and discusses the current developments on managing this rare and aggressive disease. As a supplementary learning point, this case reminds us always to consider unusual possibilities and seek further sub-specialist opinion when presented with unresolved clinical and radiological abnormalities that require further exploring beyond the primary line of investigations and treatment.
Myanmar
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: June 2020

The CBM requested TA on bank supervision. The expert worked with the management and staff of the FISD over five missions in 2018 and early 2019 to develop a new, more risk-based approach to bank supervision. Two guides were delivered, one on offsite supervision and the other, still in draft form, on risk-based supervision generally, including a risk matrix approach to risk assessment and procedures for examinations. Many pilot applications of the new tools were prepared with FISD staff.
Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Statistics Dept.
Published: June 2020

At the request of the Republic of Uzbekistan authorities for technical assistance
(TA) on external sector statistics (ESS), and with the support of the Middle East and Central Asia Department (MCD) of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), a mission from the IMF Statistics Department (STA) visited Tashkent during October 15–26, 2018. This was the first TA mission under the auspices of the Data for Decision Fund and the second since the Republic of Uzbekistan Presidential Order of September 12, 2017, “On Measures to Ensure the Accessibility and Openness of Economic and Financial Data for the Republic of Uzbekistan” was issued.
Ukraine
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: June 2020

Ukraine’s track record in macro-stabilization over the last 5 years and under successive Fund programs has been strong, but the goal of robust and inclusive growth remains elusive in the absence of sustained and comprehensive structural reform. Political circumstances were auspicious to address this long-standing challenge, with the President’s anti-corruption platform supported by an unprecedented absolute majority in parliament. However, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly worsened the outlook and has refocused government policies on containment and stabilization. Uncertainty is large, and the economy is projected to contract sharply as strict containment measures—in Ukraine and globally—led to sizable falls in domestic and external demand. The budget is expected to be hit hard, with a sharp decline in revenues and large emergency spending needs to address the crisis. This, together with the de facto closure of capital markets, has created an urgent balance of payments need.
Current status of and problems in the Korean Medical Association’s governance
Authors: Lim Ji Yeun , Kang Tae Kyung , Kim Jin Suk
Published: June 2020

The year 2020 marks the 112th year of the Korean Medical Association (KMA), which is a historic organization of medical experts. Since its foundation the KMA has contributed to the promotion of the health and medical care environment as well as the establishment and development of related policies. In times of health and medical care crises in the country, the KMA has always fought at the front lines. However, recent internal conflicts in the medical community have caused a lack of consistency and persistence in responding to or pursuing various health and medical policies. It weakens the KMA’s social status and influence, raising demands for its improvement. The first step for the betterment of the KMA is to analyze its critical situation. This study assumes that the internal conflicts are caused by the KMA’s governance. Through an analysis of how the KMA is currently governed, this study highlights the problems and suggests a direction for improvement.
Usefulness of carotid ultrasonography and treatment of carotid disease
Authors: Kim Seung Min , Kim Yeon Jung , Kim Keonwoo , Kim Bum Joon
Published: June 2020

Carotid stenosis is an important etiology of ischemic stroke. Most of the strokes associated with carotid stenosis are caused by artery-to-artery embolism. The risk of embolism highly depends on the stenosis degree and the vulnerability of the carotid plaque. Carotid ultrasonography is useful for evaluating the characteristics of carotid plaque. This review aims to provide information on performing and interpreting the result of carotid ultrasonography and the treatment of carotid artery disease based on the current guidelines. The degree of stenosis can be measured by the diameter reduction and flow velocity criteria. The risk of embolism is highest when the stenosis degree is around 70% to 80%. A heterogeneous echolucent plaque with an irregular surface or an ulcer shows a high risk of embolism. Appropriate treatment is important for the patients with carotid stenosis. In symptomatic patients, a potent antiplatelet treatment, especially during the acute stage, is beneficial. Patients with asymptomatic stenosis over 50% can also be considered for antiplatelet treatments. The associated risk factors should be managed according to the targets. Medically intractable cases or patients with high risk of embolism may receive carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stenting depending on the concomitant disease and the degree of carotid stenosis. Considering the safety of ultrasound imaging, treatment may be followed-up by carotid ultrasonography.
Statistics of sea-effect snowfall along the Finnish coastline based on regional climate model data
Authors: Olsson Taru , Luomaranta Anna , Jylhä Kirsti , Jeworrek Julia , Perttula Tuuli , Dieterich Christian , Wu Lichuan , Rutgersson Anna , Mäkelä Antti
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The formation of convective sea-effect snowfall (i.e., snow bands) is triggered by cold air outbreaks over a relatively warm and open sea. Snow bands can produce intense snowfall which can last for several days over the sea and potentially move towards the coast depending on wind direction. We defined the meteorological conditions which statistically favor the formation of snow bands over the north-eastern Baltic Sea of the Finnish
coastline and investigated the spatio-temporal characteristics of these snow
bands. A set of criteria, which have been previously shown to be able to
detect the days favoring sea-effect snowfall for Swedish coastal area, were
refined for Finland based on four case study simulations, utilizing a
convection-permitting numerical weather prediction (NWP) model (HARMONIE-AROME). The main modification of the detection criteria concerned the threshold for 10 m wind speed: the generally assumed threshold value of 10 m s−1 was decreased to 7 m s−1. The refined criteria were then applied to regional climate model (RCA4) data, for an 11-year time period (2000–2010). When only considering cases in Finland with onshore wind direction, we found on average 3 d yr−1 with favorable conditions for coastal sea-effect snowfall. The heaviest convective snowfall events were detected most frequently over the southern coastline. Statistics of the favorable days indicated that the lower 10 m wind speed threshold improved the representation of the frequency of snow bands. For most of the favorable snow band days, the location and order of magnitude of precipitation were closely captured, when compared to gridded observational data for land areas and weather radar reflectivity images. Lightning were observed during one third of the favorable days over the Baltic Sea area.