bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived Health Status and Capability after Hip Fracture: Secondary Outcomes from an Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ashe Maureen C. , Grover Sanya , Bryan Stirling , Cook Wendy L. , Donaldson Meghan G. , Brasher Penelope M.A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Hip fractures can have a significant impact on the lives of older people and their families. We conducted a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of post-discharge comprehensive geriatric care (CGC) for community-dwelling older adults after a surgically repaired hip fracture. The objective of this study was to conduct a secondary analysis to compare changes in health status and perceived capability from baseline to 12 months after randomization with: the EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D-5L) (1) utility score and (2) visual analog scale (VAS); and (3) well-being as measured by participants’ perceptions of their ability (or capability) toward completing life activities using the ICEpop Capability Measure for Older People (ICECAP-O). Methods: We tested the effect of usual care (control) versus usual care and an outpatient CGC clinic (intervention) on mobility after hip fracture in community-dwelling older adults (65 years+). In this secondary analysis, we report the following outcomes: EQ-5D-5L utility score and VAS collected monthly via telephone and ICECAP-O collected in person three times at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Data were analyzed using area under the curve and regression adjusted for baseline values for utility scores and capability, and constrained longitudinal data analysis for VAS. Results: We enrolled 53 older adults, including 34 women and 19 men, with mean (SD) age of 80 (8) years. There were no statistical or clinically meaningful differences between groups (control group – intervention group values) for all variables: utility score = −0.028 (95% CI: −0.071, 0.014; p = 0.18); VAS: −0.03 (95% CI: −0.39 to 0.33; p = 0.86); and capability = −0.021 (95% CI: −0.090, 0.046; p = 0.54). Conclusions: There were no differences in outcomes between groups over 12 months, but values remained constant, contrary to a potential decline for this age group, especially after a major life event like a hip fracture.
Uma recepção de Simone de Beauvoir na Itália: A tradução e os agenciamentos em Idealismo Morale e realismo politico
Authors: Pinto Tatiara , Guareschi Égide
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a tradução do texto Idealismo Morale e realismo politico de Simone de Beauvoir na revista italiana Il Politecnico, sob uma perspectiva dos estudos culturais e da crítica feminista. Para isso, ver-se-á um breve panorama e algumas diferenças institucionais entre Brasil e EUA, no que tange os avanços feministas no âmbito da tradução, pois quando se trata do entrelaçamento entre gênero e tradução alguns fatores são imprescindíveis, estes serão abordados de acordo com o texto Frontera Spaces Translating as/like a Woman de Pilar Godayol. O texto de Beauvoir nos mostrará como o moralismo idealista imobiliza a urgente transformação social e, principalmente, como a reelaboração constante da moral pode auxiliar no combate a bipolarização da ação política. O contexto político da Il Politecnico, do texto da autora e as escolhas do tradutor italiano serão abordados para traçar alguns agenciamentos da recepção da autora na Itália, como parte do processo de redemocratização italiana que buscava incorporar em seu tecido cultural novas filosofias que dessem conta das contradições históricas, a fim de combater o apelo moral fascista.
Zoppe: identidade e masculinidade negras em Adua, de Igiaba Scego
Authors: Silva Leonardo Vianna da
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo pretende investigar a construção de identidade e masculinidade negras do personagem Zoppe, pai da personagem Adua do romance homônimo. Zoppe serve como tradutor e intérprete ao conde Anselmi no contexto dos anos 1930, pouco tempo antes da invasão italiana na Etiópia. Este estudo adotará como referencial teórico os intelectuais que pensaram a identidade (WOODWARD, 2014), sobretudo a identidade racial e a masculinidade negras (KILOMBA, 2019; FANON, 2020; FAUSTINO, 2014; hooks, 2019). Observamos através da análise do que Zoppe fala de si e do que falam sobre ele que o colonialismo e o racismo operam para desumanizar sujeitos racializados. O fato de Zoppe não conseguir trabalhar o luto da perda de sua amada Asha corrobora para os resultados deste estudo que indicam que o colonialismo produz subjetividades embrutecidas, não permitindo aos colonizados mergulharem nos seus próprios infernos (FANON, 2020).
Gli anglicismi virali del 2020: le modalità comunicative di una crisi tra (pseudo) tecnicismi e italiano burocratico
Authors: Russo Vittoria
Published: January 2024

Durante il periodo di emergenza sanitaria milioni di italiani hanno iniziato ad utilizzare piuttosto in fretta molte parole legate alla pandemia, la cui diffusione è avvenuta soprattutto grazie ai mezzi di comunicazione di massa che nel mondo di oggi, interconnesso e globalizzato, esercitano una grande influenza sugli usi linguistici. Alla base di questo studio vi è l’approfondimento di un fenomeno che riguarda la lingua italiana da molto e che continua ad essere piuttosto attuale: la presenza di termini ed espressioni inglesi, usati per indicare idee e concetti che hanno fatto e che continuano tuttora ad essere parte della lingua comune. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di esaminare alcuni degli anglicismi più diffusi nel 2020 in relazione a due corpora distinti (uno di stampo giornalistico e uno istituzionale) e, attraverso uno studio di tipo esplorativo, capire il loro grado di diffusione e di sostituibilità. I risultati ottenuti, infatti, permettono di notare che molti di questi erano già presenti nella lingua italiana ma circoscritti a specifici ambiti settoriali: con l’avvento della pandemia, invece, e soprattutto attraverso i mass media, sono diventati di dominio generale.
Il sistema pronominale in italiano e in portoghese brasiliano: i clitici tra le varianti di realizzazione dell’oggetto anaforico
Authors: Lunati Manuela , Porcellato Adriana Mendes , Santoro Elisabetta
Published: January 2024

No artigo, adota-se uma abordagem de tipo contrastivo para comparar o português brasileiro e o italiano com o objetivo de identificar semelhanças e diferenças com relação: (i) ao paradigma dos pronomes clíticos, com foco nas formas de 3ª pessoa, e (ii) às variantes de realização do objeto anafórico alternativas aos clíticos, tais como o pronome nulo (ou categoria vazia) e os pronomes tônicos. Após especificar quais propriedades determinam a complexidade do microssistema dos clíticos em italiano em termos morfológicos, sintáticos e pragmáticos, apresentamos as formas dos pronomes tônicos e clíticos de 3ª pessoa de caso acusativo e dativo (e suas combinações) do italiano e do português brasileiro, considerados em suas variedades diatópicas, diafásicas e diastráticas. Em seguida, sintetizamos os resultados dos principais estudos sobre as variantes de realização do objeto anafórico em português brasileiro, comparadas com as correspondentes variantes disponíveis (ou não) em italiano. Por fim, oferecemos uma reflexão sobre as razões pelas quais o domínio dos clíticos italianos representa para os aprendizes brasileiros um verdadeiro desafio de aquisição.
Richieste in italiano e portoghese brasiliano: da uno studio contrastivo alla riflessione sull'interculturalità
Authors: Santoro Elisabetta , Silva Neto Mayara da
Published: January 2024

Il Gruppo di ricerca “Pragmática (inter)linguística, cross-cultural e intercultural ” (CNPq/Fapesp/USP) sta conducendo un’indagine contrastiva incentrata sulle richieste e su come vengono realizzate in diverse lingue e culture, al fine di identificare somiglianze e differenze e di riflettere su come possono interferire nelle interazioni tra i parlanti. Ampiamente studiata, la richiesta è stata scelta per almeno due ragioni: (a) si trata di uno degli atti linguistici più frequenti; (b) è fortemente influenzata da fattori contestuali e culturali. Tali fattori assumono una rilevanza particolare se si considera che si tratta di un Face-Threatening Act o  “atto minaccioso per la faccia” (BROWN; LEVINSON, 1987), visto che con una richiesta si cerca di indurre l’interlocutore a compiere un’azione (SEARLE, 1979) e così si mette in gioco sia la faccia positiva di chi la fa, sia la faccia negativa di chi la riceve. Di fatto, da una parte, un rifiuto può frustrare il bisogno di essere riconosciuti e approvati e, dall’altra, dover reagire a una richiesta può ostacolare la propria libertà individuale. I dati analizzati in questo articolo sono stati raccolti tramite uno degli strumenti utilizzati dal gruppo di ricerca: un Written Discourse Completion Task (WDCT), in cui si presentano situazioni di vita quotidiana che inducono la realizzazione di una richiesta. Ai partecipanti si chiede di scrivere ciò che direbbero se si trovassero nelle situazioni proposte che sono state elaborate tenendo conto di distanza sociale e grado di imposizione, due delle variabili contestuali proposte da Brown e Levinson (1987). I risultati presentati qui sono relativi a due campioni composti da 30 italiani e 30 brasiliani. L’analisi si concentra sugli atti principali e su alcune tipologie di atti di supporto (BLUM-KULKA et al., 1989), oltre che su come espressioni ricorrenti possono essere indizi di convenzionalità in ciascuna delle due lingue di riferimento, considerando in particolare in che modo la conoscenza di queste caratteristiche pragmatiche può influenzare le dinamiche comunicative interculturali.
È un complimento?, Ist das ein Kompliment für dich?. Complimenti impliciti in social network italiani e tedeschi
Authors: Ravetto Miriam
Published: January 2024

Compliment is one of the most widely studied speech acts, as the extensive literature devoted to this topic shows. However, researches mainly focus on formulaic complimenting, probably because explicit compliments are far more frequent than the implicit ones. The present contribution aims to investigate implicit compliments, i.e., those where hearers «need to infer the corresponding implicature for their interpretation» (MAÍZ-ARÉVALO, 2012, p. 983; cf. also BOYLE, 2000), in a corpus of digital exchanges in Italian and German social networking sites, Instagram and WhatsApp. Firstly, the study examines and compares, from both a qualitative and quantitative point of view, the linguistic patterns used to express implicit compliments in the two languages; then, through a detailed analysis of the reactions of compliments’ addressees it explores how these speech acts are perceived by Italian and German social network users and what response types are mainly used by the complimented person in order to react to the implicit positive evaluation.
Metabolic Profiling Identifies 1-MetHis and 3-IPA as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Patients With Acute and Chronic Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Kretzschmar Tom , Westphal Julian , Neugebauer Sophie , Wu Jasmine M.F. , Zeller Max , Bogoviku Jurgen , Bekhite Mohamed M. , Bekfani Tarek , Schlattmann Peter , Kiehntopf Michael , Franz Marcus , Schulze P. Christian
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:

Metabolomics has become a valuable tool for identifying potential new biomarkers and metabolic profiles. It has the potential to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of different phenotypes of heart failure. To generate a distinctive metabolic profile, we assessed and compared the metabolic phenotypes of patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), and healthy controls.

METHODS:

Plasma metabolites were analyzed by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and the MxP Quant 500 kit in 15 patients with ADHF, 50 patients with CHF (25 with dilated cardiomyopathy, 25 with ischemic cardiomyopathy), and 13 controls.

RESULTS:

Of all metabolites identified to be significantly altered, 3-indolepropionic acid and 1-methyl histidine showed the highest concentration differences in ADHF and CHF compared with control. Area under the curve–receiver operating characteristic analysis showed an area under the curve ≥0.8 for 3-indolepropionic acid and 1-methyl histidine, displaying good discrimination capabilities between control and patient cohorts. Additionally, symmetrical dimethylarginine (mean, 1.97±0.61 [SD];
P
=0.01) was identified as a suitable biomarker candidate for ADHF and kynurenine (mean, 1.69±0.39 [SD];
P
=0.009) for CHF when compared with control, both demonstrating an area under the curve ≥0.85.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study provides novel insights into the metabolic differences between ADHF and CHF and healthy controls. We here identify new metabolites for potential diagnostic and prognostic purposes.
A Scheme Transfer for Global Modernism
Authors: Spaulding Daniel
Published: January 2024

This article proposes a new articulation of the field of global-modernist art history by way of three case studies: The influence of canonical African sculpture on early Cubism, the emergence of modern art in late-colonial South Asia, and Nigerian modernism around the moment of independence in 1960. Drawing on research by Joshua I. Cohen, Suzanne Preston Blier, Partha Mitter, Geeta Kapur, and Chika Okeke-Agulu, I argue that this growing field of inquiry is structured by observed parallelisms between practices that are separated by great geographical and cultural distances—parallelisms that are unavoidable, yet also potentially misleading. Rather than adopt a model either of unidirectional influence or amalgamating hybridity to systematize this field, I instead apply a disjunctive, diagrammatic formalism for which I borrow the notion of “scheme transfer” from Alfred Gell and Pierre Bourdieu. This is a way to articulate the transmission of specific formal and structural traits (for example, from the coast of West Africa to Paris) as being contingent and reversible rather than inevitably hierarchizing. Following suggestions in the work of Leo Bersani and Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, I thus recommend the mutability of the diagrammatic—or, to put it differently, a revised, non-totalizing structuralism—as a means of navigating the perils of the comparative enterprise.
A new Amorphophallus (Araceae) species from Thailand and an updated key to the Longituberosus and Saraburiensis subclades
Authors: SCHOLTEN JUSTIN , Livingston DAVID LIVINGSTON , SIZEMORE MARY
Published: January 2024

Amorphophallus is a genus of 239 species distributed across the African, Asian, and Australian continents. A new species, Amorphophallus bantae, from the Sa Kaeo province of Thailand is described and illustrated. The species is compared to morphologically similar species in the Longituberosus and Saraburiensis subclades and an updated key to these species is provided.
A review and analysis of the early nomenclature and taxonomy associated with the genus name Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), published by Michel Adanson (1727–1806) in 1763, with notes on the late-18 century taxonomy of the genus
Authors: SMITH GIDEON F. , FIGUEIREDO ESTRELA
Published: January 2024

In 1763 Michel Adanson (1727–1806) published several hundred new genus names, including some in the “Famille Les Jourbarbes. Seda.”, i.e., the present-day Crassulaceae. One of these, Kalanchoe, was published for the then cotyledonoid species with tetramerous flowers. The early nomenclature associated with the validly published and legitimate genus name Kalanchoe and the late-18th century taxonomy of the genus are reviewed. Based on available evidence it is very likely that Adanson was familiar with, and had material at his disposal of, more than one species of Kalanchoe. However, Adanson did not himself validly publish any species names in the genus.
Echeveria sotoi (ser. Gibbiflorae, Crassulaceae), a new species from coastal Michoacán, Mexico
Authors: ROSALES-MARTÍNEZ C. SANTIAGO , QUIRARTE-TEJEDA JAIME A. , HERNÁNDEZ-CAMPOS J. DANIEL
Published: January 2024

E. sotoi (ser. Gibbiflorae, Crassulaceae) is described as a new species endemic to the coast of Michoacán, Mexico. It is morphologically similar to E. gibbiflora, from which it differs by having a generally taller but much thinner stem, narrower and oblanceolate to oblanceolate-obovate leaves without purplish-glaucous colourations, thinner peduncles, horizontally spreading to obliquely ascending cincinni, flowers with frequently longer corollas but usually shorter sepals, and narrower nectary scales. The species was assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) following the IUCN criteria. A distribution map is provided for the species of E. ser. Gibbiflorae native to Michoacán.
Two new species of Typhonium (Araceae) with bicolored staminodes from Central Vietnam
Authors: LUU HONG TRUONG , TRAN NGOC TOAN , NGUYEN TRAN QUOC TRUNG , PHAN CONG SANH , NGUYEN-PHI NGA
Published: January 2024

Typhonium bicolor and T. culaochamense are described as new species endemic to Central Vietnam. They have bicolored staminodes (apex and base of different colors) which are formerly reported for six species, namely T. bachmaense, T. blumei, T. filiforme, T. flagelliforme, T. kbangense and T. ramosum. The first species is characterized by its oblong-elliptic and thick leaflets, yellowish and elliptic flattened anthers with lateral dehiscence, pink 6–7 mm long staminodes with a pale purple verrucose surface and a bright yellow and obtuse or truncate apex, oblanceolate ovaries and stipitate spadix appendix, and the second by its elongate and cylindrical tuber, variable leaf blades, longer spathe tube, basically externally green-brownish spathe limb, 3–5 rows of pistils, apically brownish dotted ovaries, disciform stigmas and recurved staminodes with a yellow apex. The ecology, distribution and assessment of conservation status of the two new taxa as well as a key to all known Typhonium species in Vietnam are provided.
A new species of Dichocarpum (Ranunculaceae) from northeastern Yunnan, China
Authors: LI RONG , WEN YAN-LI , ZHAO YONG-LI , LIU EN-DE , LI WEI
Published: January 2024

A new species of Ranunculaceae, Dichocarpum yongshanense, is described and illustrated from northeastern Yunnan, China. Morphologically, it is similar to Dichocarpum hypoglaucum, but differs from the latter by its two basal leaves, membranous and abaxially non-pruinose leaf blade, and pinkish sepals. The new species is assessed to be Endangered (EN) according to IUCN categories and criteria.
Lecanorchis malipoensis (Vanilleae, Orchidaceae), a new species from China
Authors: WANG YAJUN , QIN SHIYU , YE CHAO , LI ZAN , JIN XIAOHUA
Published: January 2024

Lecanorchis malipoensis (Vanilleae, Orchidaceae), a new species from Malipo in Wenshan, Yunnan, China, was described and illustrated. Lecanorchis malipoensis is morphological similar to L. thalassica and is distinguished from it by the shape and margins of mid-lobe, a villous callus in the centre of the upper part of the middle lobe.
The Corpus-based Methodology of Close Emotion Concepts Differentiation: A Case Study of ENVY and JEALOUSY
Authors: Mizin Kostiantyn , Slavova Liudmyla
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the identification of relevant parameters of differentiation for the close emotion concepts ENVY and JEALOUSY based on the analysis of their names profiles in the iWeb web corpus. The corpus-based research methodology included comparison of (1) the definitions of the lexemes jealousy and envy, (2) the semantic content of conceptual metaphors representing ENVY and JEALOUSY, and (3) these concepts according to intensity and evaluation parameters. The study of corpus data allowed us to obtain objective results, and also to claim that this method may be an alternative to another corpus-based one, MPA, as its analytical tools are simpler but no less reliable than those of MPA.
The Conceptual Relationships in N+N Compounds in Arabic Compared to English
Authors: Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman Mitib
Published: January 2024

The current study investigates the semantic or conceptual relations that exist between two compound elements in Arabic based on the theoretical framework of Conceptual Semantics and a modified version of Parallel Architecture called Relational Morphology (RM). It also explores the similarities and/or differences between these relations and those identified by Jackendoff pertaining to English compounds. To this end, a corpus of Arabic compounds was collected and analysed to identify the type of conceptual basis on which both lexicalised and novel compounds are formed in Arabic. The analysis revealed that all conceptual relations found between elements of English compounds can also be found in Arabic, yet the direction of the head was different in the latter. The analysis also demonstrated that Arabic compounds exhibit other types of conceptual relations which were not mentioned by Jackendoff. It is suggested that both regular stored lexicalised compounds that have idiosyncratic interpretations and novel compounds (with the majority being formed based on Synthetic Genitive Construction) can be reconciled under the approach of Relational Morphology, as they can be generated by the same compound schema.
A Versatile Calibration Method for Rotary-Wing UAS as Wind Measurement Systems
Authors: Bramati Matteo , Schön Martin , Schulz Daniel , Savvakis Vasileios , Wang Yongtan , Bange Jens , Platis Andreas
Published: January 2024

The use of small uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) can effectively capture the wind profile in the lower atmospheric boundary layer. This study presents a calibration process to estimate the horizontal wind vector using a rotary-wing UAS in hovering conditions. This procedure does not require wind tunnels or meteorological masts, only the data from the flight control unit and a specific set of calibration flights. A model based on the UAS drag coefficient was proposed and compared to a traditional approach. Validation flights at the German Weather Service MOL-RAO observatory showed that the system can accurately predict wind speed and direction. A modified DJI S900 hexacopter with a Styrofoam sphere casing was used for the study and calibrated for wind speeds between 1 and 14 m s−1. Power spectral density analysis showed the system’s ability to resolve atmospheric eddies up to 0.1 Hz. The overall root-mean-square error was less than 0.7 m s−1 for wind speed and less than 8° for wind direction.
Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-COS) Analysis of Evolving Hyperspectral Images
Authors: Noda Isao
Published: January 2024

The evolutionary behavior is examined for heterogeneously distributed hyperspectral images of a simulated biological tissue sample comprising lipid-like and protein-like components during the aging process. Taking a simple planar average of a spectral image loses useful information about the spatially resolved nature of the data. In contrast, multivariate curve resolution (MCR) analysis of a spectral image at a given stage of aging produces a set of loadings of major component groups. Each loading represents the combined spectral contributions of a mixture of similar but not identical constituents (i.e., lipid-like and protein-like components). Temporal analysis of individual component groups using two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) and MCR provides much-streamlined results without interferences from the overlapped contributions. Grouping of data into separate components also allows for the effective comparison of the parallel processes of lipid oxidation and protein denaturation involving a number of constituents using the heterocomponent 2D-COS analysis. The complex interplays of lipid constituents and protein secondary structures during the tissue aging process are unambiguously highlighted. The possibility of extending this approach to a much more general form of applications using a moving window analysis is also discussed.
Is cognitive behavioral therapy more effective than pharmacotherapy for binge spectrum disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Samara Myrto T , Michou Niki , Lappas Andreas S , Argyrou Aikaterini , Mathioudaki Elissavet , Bakaloudi Dimitra Rafailia , Tsekitsidi Eirini , Polyzopoulou Zoi A , Christodoulou Nikos , Papazisis Georgios , Chourdakis Michail
Published: January 2024

Objectives:

Binge spectrum disorders are prevalent worldwide. Psychiatric and medical comorbidities are common, and societal costs are significant. Evidence-based treatment remains underutilized. Cognitive behavioral therapy is the recommended first-line treatment, but pharmacotherapy may be easier to access.

Interventions:

Meta-analytic evidence directly comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with pharmacotherapy is lacking. We aimed to compare the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy interventions with any pharmacological treatment for binge spectrum disorders. We searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov and reference lists for randomized controlled trials comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with any pharmacotherapy for bulimia nervosa/binge eating disorder and performed pairwise meta-analytic evaluations.

Primary Outcomes:

Primary outcomes are remission and frequency of binges. Secondary outcomes are frequency of purges, response, eating disorder psychopathology, weight/body mass index, depression, anxiety, quality of life and dropouts.

Results:

Eleven randomized controlled trials comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with fluoxetine/imipramine/desipramine/methylphenidate/sibutramine were identified ( N = 531). Cognitive behavioral therapy was superior to antidepressants in terms of remission, frequency of binges and eating disorder psychopathology. There were no statistically significant differences for any of the individual cognitive behavioral therapy vs drug comparisons in terms of response/depression/anxiety/weight/quality of life/dropouts. Cognitive behavioral therapy was not superior to sibutramine/methylphenidate for the primary outcomes.

Conclusions:

Data are scarce, comparisons underpowered and, considering the inherent methodological limitations of psychotherapy trials, questions arise regarding the presumed superiority of cognitive behavioral therapy. Further research is needed.
About the influence of high temperature or fire testing conditions on the tensile behavior of carbon reinforced poly phenylene sulfide laminates
Authors: Vieille Benoit , Philippe David , Duprey Nathan , Barbe Fabrice , Gelin Morgane
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigate the thermo-mechanical coupling in carbon fibers reinforced Poly Phenylene Sulfide (PPS) laminates subjected to critical temperature conditions. In order to dissociate the physical phenomena (degradation/decomposition on the one hand and deformation/damage mechanisms on the other hand) at play in quasi-isotropic laminates (fiber-dominated mechanical behavior), homogenous and fire testing conditions (heterogenous) were considered with or without mechanical loading. X-Ray tomographic and fractographic analyses were conducted to identify the role played by porosities formation (resulting from thermally induced deformations and damages) on the structural bearing capabilities of C/PPS laminates to be used in high-temperature environments. Under high temperature conditions (homogenous temperature distribution), the retention of tensile properties is not well preserved as the axial stiffness and strength decrease of 50% and 75%, respectively. Under fire conditions (heterogenous temperature distribution), the degradation of tensile properties is more dramatic with an 80% decrease.
Finite element analysis study of parameters influencing the Poisson’s ratio of auxetic woven fabrics
Authors: Gao Yajie , Chen Xiaogang
Published: January 2024

Auxetic textiles, as one of the synthetic auxetic materials, have attracted much research interest in recent years due to their material adaptability and structural variability. Based on the experimental results reported in our previous papers, the auxetic behavior of woven fabrics was further investigated and the key factors affecting weaving the fabrics were studied systematically by using a combination of experiments and numerical simulation. In this paper, different types of woven fabrics were compared based on finite element analysis and the key parameters influencing the Poisson’s ratio were analyzed, including the helical auxetic yarn (HAY) arrangements, fabric density, helical angles of the HAY, thickness of the HAY, weave structures, warp yarn types and loading directions. The auxeticity of the fabrics was first analyzed out-of-plane and in-plane. The results showed that the maximum negative Poisson’s ratio can be achieved as −3.57 out-of-plane and −1.17 in-plane. The out-of-plane auxeticity of the fabric is notable, which could provide a reference for industry and researchers for potential applications.
Effort Expenditure Increases Risk-Taking for Improbable Rewards
Authors: Jiang Huiping , Zheng Ya
Published: January 2024

Previous studies have found that exerting effort can lead people to engage in risk-taking behaviors. While effort can be either cognitive or physical, risk-taking can take place in either a risky context with known outcome probabilities or an ambiguous context with unknown outcome probabilities. The goal of the current research is to investigate how effort type and decision context influence risk-taking after effort exertion. Across three experiments, we find evidence that investing effort increases risk-taking at a short timescale. Importantly, this effect is particularly noticeable when the chance of winning is low, rather than when it is uncertain. Furthermore, the increase in risk-taking happens regardless of whether the effort is cognitive or physical. These findings suggest the existence of a cost-invariant but decision context-variant mechanism for the risk-taking after-effect of effort expenditure, which helps to bring the negative emotions caused by effort exertion back to a state of emotional homeostasis.
“I Would Like to, But My World Wouldn’t End If I Didn’t”: Marital Aspirations Among Sexual Minority Young Adults
Authors: Hoy Aaron
Published: January 2024

Despite the legalization of same-sex marriage across the US, research on young adults’ marital aspirations has tended to overlook sexual identity altogether or focus exclusively on those who are heterosexual. To address this, in this article, I draw upon quantitative and qualitative data from an online survey to describe the marital aspirations and motivations of a convenience sample of sexual minority young adults ( N = 256). Descriptive analyses indicate that although a majority of respondents would like to marry someday, a similar number claim that getting married is not “a major life goal.” Those who want to marry cite several primary reasons, including companionship and lifelong commitment, but also qualify their marital aspirations in several ways, including by questioning both the necessity and normativity of marriage. The relatively small number of respondents do not want to marry express similar concerns and critique marriage as a heteronormative institution.
“This is Not a Slippery Slope” Versus “The Queer Sex Panic is Just Beginning”: Discourse About FOSTA-SESTA in Ideologically Diverse U.S. Mass media, 2017–2023
Authors: Reynolds Chelsea
Published: January 2024

This research analyzes mass media coverage of The Allow States and Victims to Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act (FOSTA) and Stop Enabling Online Sex Traffickers Act (SESTA), two landmark 2018 bills that changed how sexual content is moderated by internet service providers in the United States. Using critical discourse analysis, I compare the framing of 101 news stories about FOSTA-SESTA published in mainstream U.S. newspapers, feminist media, and LGBTQ magazines over the course of 7 years. Findings describe coverage of online sex work, online child sexual exploitation, and free speech concerns that preceded and followed the landmark ruling from 2017 to 2023. I show FOSTA-SESTA's progression as a topic of discourse during the 2020 presidential election and compare differences between coverage in ideologically diverse U.S. media. While mainstream news originally supported FOSTA-SESTA's efforts to restrict the tech industry and prevent online child sexual exploitation, alternative media tended to present skeptical arguments that supported sex workers and other marginalized communities. Journalism industry interventions are discussed.
Measurement invariance of the short form compassionate love scale for a romantic partner and sexuality
Authors: Neto Joana , Neto Félix
Published: January 2024

Compassionate love (CL), a particular kind of love, is centred on enlarging beneficence to another. A short form to assess CL for a romantic partner (CLS-P-SF) was recently developed. The CLS-P-SF is a one-dimensional measure. In this study, we examined CLS-P-SF’s measurement invariance (MI) across gender and age, and the relationship of the CL with sexuality measures. There were 1184 Portuguese participants, 48% women and 52% men, aged between 18 to 79 (M = 37.36; SD = 16.89). Confirmatory factor analyses evidenced that the one latent dimension of the CLS-P-SF confirmed an acceptable fit to the data. MI, and internal consistency were adequate. This invariance permitted to perform meaningful latent average comparisons. The effect of gender and age were not significant. CLS-P-SF was positively associated with sexual desire, love is most important, sex demonstrates love, love comes before sex and satisfaction with sex life, and negatively associated with sex is declining and sociosexuality. Findings are discussed in their relationship with existent literature. The CLS-P-SF’s brevity makes it a promising tool for researchers and practitioners.
The role of research university libraries in research data management: The case of Türkiye
Authors: Öztemiz Semanur , Şahin Hatice Nur
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to reveal the current situation of research data management (RDM) services within the framework of data management responsibilities, policies, budget and resource competencies in libraries at research universities in Türkiye. The study also aims to present the potential of researchers from research universities to store and share their research data in data archives.

Within the scope of the research, interviews were conducted with 15 participants who are responsible or have the potential to be responsible for the processes related to the RDM. In addition, the records of researchers, who are members of research universities, transferred to Zenodo and Aperta were examined within the scope of the study. According to the results, the amount of shared data sets in Zenodo and Aperta was quite small. However, almost all of the data transferred to these data archives is open access. Findings based on participant opinions showed that tools and techniques such as cloud storage, modern techniques, devices, and service providers, as well as resources such as budget, infrastructure and personnel for RDM are not sufficient at research universities in Türkiye. It is thought that this study will draw attention to the benefits of RDM services for universities by revealing what kind of roles the libraries affiliated with research universities play in the process of RDM.
Impact of different information sources on farmers’ adoption of organic fertilisers: The case of Funing watermelon farmers in China
Authors: Lv Xiaofeng , Li Jing , Cai Yuanxin
Published: January 2024

Information sources (ISs) are crucial for enhancing green behaviour among farmers. However, few in-depth studies have been conducted on the differential effects of different ISs. This poses a challenge for the design of efficient information intervention strategies. This study designed an extended theoretical framework of planned behaviour to examine the differential effects of different ISs on farmers’ intentions to adopt organic fertilisers. Survey data from 361 Funing watermelon farmers in China were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The results showed that the utilisation of personal ISs (both formal and informal) had significant positive effects on intentions, whereas impersonal ISs did not play a significant role. Among these, personal informal ISs were the strongest informational determinant. Moreover, psychological factors played a key mediating role between ISs and intentions. Attitude was the strongest direct psychological factor, followed by perceived behavioural control and subjective norms. These findings provide theoretical and practical insights for policymakers to design targeted information interventions to promote the adoption of organic fertilisers by farmers. When relying on formal ISs, the Chinese government should focus on the role of informal ISs.
“Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation outcomes in multisystem inflammatory syndrome of childhood – An extracorporeal life support organization registry study”
Authors: Miller Noah , Sandhu Hitesh S , Anton-Martin Pilar
Published: January 2024

Multisystem inflammatory disease in childhood (MIS-C) is a novel pediatric syndrome after a COVID-19 infection that causes systemic injury, with potential life-threatening hemodynamic compromise requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) support. We performed an observational retrospective cohort study in children aged 0-18 years with MIS-C and non-MIS-C myocarditis on ECMO between January 2020 and December 2021, using the ELSO Registry database. We aimed to compare the outcomes of both populations and to identify factors for decreased survival in MIS-C patients on ECMO. The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry reported 310 pediatric ECMO patients with MIS-C (56.1%) and non-MIS-C myocarditis (43.9%). No difference was found in survival to hospital discharge between groups (67.2% for MIS-C vs 69.1% for non-MIS-C myocarditis, p 0.725). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that ECPR and co-infection were significantly associated with decreased survival to hospital discharge in MIS-C patients (OR 0.138, p 0.01 and OR 0.44, p 0.02, respectively). Outcomes of children with MIS-C on ECMO support are similar to those of non-MIS-C myocarditis despite higher infectious, multiorgan dysfunction and respiratory complications accompanying COVID-19 infections. The use of ECMO for MIS-C patients seems to be feasible and safe. Prospective studies on the use of ECMO support in MIS-C patients may improve outcomes in this pediatric population.
Diagnosis and treatment of angiographically unclear coronary lesions
Authors: Maričić Bojan , Perišić Zoran , Kostić Tomislav , Božinović Nenad , Apostolović Svetlana , Šalinger Sonja , Maričić Tijana , Vasilev Vladimir , Juričić Stefan , Dakić Sonja , Perišić Jelena , Milošević Jelena
Published: January 2024

Although selective coronary angiography is the gold standard diagnostic technique for coronary lesions, this method does not provide all information regarding pathophysiologic mechanisms. We herein describe a patient in their early 60s with a 3-month history of pronounced angina. Coronary angiography revealed a central line of illumination in the proximomedial segment of the right coronary artery, suggesting a chronic coronary dissection/recanalized thrombus, along with positive remodeling and TIMI grade 2 flow. Optical coherence tomography showed a recanalized thrombus and multiple lumens separated by thin septa. Because of the significantly reduced flow and signs of ischemia in the right coronary artery irrigation territory, we decided to perform percutaneous coronary intervention. Post-treatment optical coherence tomography indicated optimal apposition and expansion of the stents with positive remodeling of the blood vessel. We believe that decisions regarding treatment modalities should be guided by the presence or absence of ischemia. Lesions that are causing myocardial ischemia should be revascularized; otherwise, medical treatment can be utilized.
Phosphonoformic acid reduces hyperphosphatemia-induced vascular calcification via Pit-1
Authors: Zang Hualong , Liu Yang , Teng Qiuping , Hua Jiao , Peng Dan , Wang Ping
Published: January 2024

Objective

This study aimed to examine the mechanism of hyperphosphatemia-induced vascular calcification (HPVC).

Methods

Primary human aortic smooth muscle cells and rat aortic rings were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 0.9 mM or 2.5 mM phosphorus concentrations. Type III sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter-1 (Pit-1) small interfering RNA and phosphonoformic acid (PFA), a Pit-1 inhibitor, were used to investigate the effects and mechanisms of Pit-1 on HPVC. Calcium content shown by Alizarin red staining, expression levels of Pit-1, and characteristic molecules for phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells were examined.

Results

Hyperphosphatemia induced the upregulation of Pit-1 expression, facilitated phenotypic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells, and led to HPVC in cellular and organ models. Treatment with Pit-1 small interfering RNA or PFA significantly inhibited Pit-1 expression, suppressed phenotypic transition, and attenuated HPVC.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that Pit-1 plays a pivotal role in the development of HPVC. The use of PFA as a Pit-1 inhibitor has the potential for therapeutic intervention in patients with HPVC. However, further rigorous clinical investigations are required to ensure the safety and efficacy of PFA before it can be considered for widespread implementation in clinical practice.
Exploring the Role of Self-Control Across Distinct Patterns of Cyber-Deviance in Emerging Adolescence
Authors: Whitten Tyson , Cale Jesse , Brewer Russell , Logos Katie , Holt Thomas J. , Goldsmith Andrew
Published: January 2024

A disproportionally large number of adolescents engage in cyber-deviance. However, it is unclear if distinct patterns of adolescent cyber-deviance are evident, and if so, whether and to what extent low self-control is associated with different patterns of cyber-deviance. The current study addressed this research gap by examining the relationship between self-control and distinct latent classes of adolescent cyber-deviance net of potential confounders among a cross-sectional sample of 1793 South Australian adolescents. Four latent classes were identified, each characterized by varying probabilities of involvement in six types of cyber-deviance that were measured. The versatile class ( n = 413) had the lowest average level of self-control, followed by the harmful content users ( n = 439) and digital piracy ( n = 356) classes, with the abstainer class ( n = 585) characterized by the highest self-control. Analysis of covariance indicated that the abstainer group had significantly higher self-control than other classes of cyber-deviance. Although the versatile class had noticeably lower average self-control scores than the harmful content users and digital piracy groups, this difference was not significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Collectively, these findings suggest that self-control appears to distinguish between those who do and do not engage in cyber-deviance but may not distinguish between distinct patterns of cyber-deviance net of other factors.
Association Between Proximal Hamstring Tear Characteristics and Achievement of Clinically Significant Outcomes After Endoscopic and Open Repair at Minimum 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Fenn Thomas W. , Brusalis Christopher M. , Allahabadi Sachin , Alvero Alexander B. , Ebersole John W. , Nho Shane J.
Published: January 2024

Background:

The effect of preoperative tear characteristics and the relative efficacy of open versus endoscopic surgical techniques have not been elucidated for the surgical treatment of proximal hamstring tendon injuries.

Purpose:

(1) To report on achievement rates of clinically significant outcomes at a minimum 2-year follow-up for multiple patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after surgical treatment of proximal hamstring injuries, stratified according to severity of proximal hamstring injury, and (2) to compare clinical outcomes associated with endoscopic versus open surgical repair for a subset of similarly classified tears.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3

Methods:

A single-surgeon clinical registry was queried for patients who underwent surgical repair for proximal hamstring ruptures between January 2012 and March 2021. Injuries were classified by magnetic resonance imaging as follows: grade 1, incomplete tear with the involvement of 1 or 2 tendons; grade 2, complete tear with the involvement of 3 tendons and ≤2-cm retraction; and grade 3, complete tear with the involvement of 3 tendons and >2-cm retraction. The Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) for multiple PROs was calculated and compared among injury grades and between surgical techniques.

Results:

Among 75 patients with a mean follow-up of 30.5 ± 5.1 months, 20 had grade 1 tears, 24 had grade 2 tears, and 31 had grade 3 tears. Favorable 2-year postoperative PROs were demonstrated by each grade for all measured PROs. Patients with grade 3 tears were noted to have significantly lower rates of 2-year PASS achievement for the Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL) and Hip Outcome Score–Sports Specific (HOS-SS) scales ( P≤ .032). Among grade 2 tears, patients treated endoscopically demonstrated significantly greater HOS-SS (endoscopic, 91.7%; open, 58.3%; P = .045) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System for Physical Function (endoscopic, 80.0%; open, 50.0%; P = .033) PASS achievement rates compared with those treated with the open technique. Complication rates were highest in patients with grade 3 tears (45.2%, P = .043).

Conclusion:

Surgical repair of proximal hamstring tendon tears with varying extents of tendon retraction resulted in high rates of achieving PASS at the 2-year follow-up. Among complete tears with <2 cm of retraction, endoscopic repairs exhibited equal or higher rates of achieving PASS compared with open repairs across multiple PROs at 2 years postoperatively. However, patients with complete tears and retraction >2 cm achieved lower rates of PASS on the HOS-ADL and HOS-SS scales and had a higher rate of complications.