bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influencia de las nuevas tecnologías en la adolescencia: riesgos y beneficios
Authors: Gutiérrez-Ochoa Sindy Maryany , Díaz-Torres César Humberto , Belandria-Vivas Lusbely María
Published: September 2024

Este artículo explora cómo las nuevas tecnologías han transformado la vida de los adolescentes, influyendo en su desarrollo social, emocional y cognitivo. El objetivo es analizar los beneficios y riesgos asociados con el uso intensivo de dispositivos electrónicos y plataformas digitales en esta etapa crítica de la vida. La metodología empleada es cualitativa, basada en un análisis documental que revisa estudios previos, artículos científicos y publicaciones especializadas. Se describe la forma en que las tecnologías afectan las relaciones interpersonales, la salud mental y aprendizaje de los adolescentes. Los resultados indican que, aunque las tecnologías ofrecen ventajas como el acceso a la información y la mejora en las habilidades digitales, también presentan riesgos significativos. Entre estos riesgos se encuentran la adicción, la ansiedad, el ciberacoso y el grooming, los cuales están estrechamente relacionados con la salud mental de los adolescentes. Además, se resalta como la falta de supervisión adecuada puede causar estos problemas, mientras que un control parental efectivo actúa como un factor protector. La investigación concluye que es fundamental promover un uso equilibrado y consciente de la tecnología. Si bien las tecnologías pueden enriquecer el aprendizaje y la interacción social, su uso excesivo y no regulado puede tener consecuencias negativas para el bienestar de los adolescentes. La aportación empírica de este estudio reside en ofrecer un marco comprensivo que guíe a padres, educadores y responsables en la implementación de estrategias que maximicen los beneficios de la tecnología mientras se minimizan los riesgos.
Estado de situación de los procesos de transformación digital en las empresas uruguayas
Authors: Rodríguez Isabel , Rubio Joaquín , Budiño Gabriel
Published: September 2024

Este artículo tiene por objetivo proporcionar una actualización exhaustiva y detallada sobre el uso de la Automatización Robótica de Procesos e Inteligencia Artificial en las organizaciones y ofrecer una visión panorámica de su evolución. Además de investigar el uso de Robotic Process Automation e Intelligent Artificial, se examinan las tendencias emergentes en cuanto a las herramientas y técnicas utilizadas en la automatización, e identificar los desafíos y oportunidades asociados con la implementación de estas tecnologías. El estudio es de tipo mixto. En la fase cuantitativa se recopilan datos locales que incluyen resultados de la encuesta de expectativas empresariales realizada por la firma EXANTE en abril del 2023. La encuesta se basa en una muestra multisectorial y no probabilística de 301 empresas grandes y medianas que operan en Uruguay, que en su mayoría facturan más de 10 millones de dólares. Por otra parte, en la fase cualitativa se analiza información internacional a partir de un artículo sobre nuevas tecnologías en los trabajos de países tecnológicamente desarrollados. Los resultados ponen en evidencia que la transformación digital de las organizaciones es un hecho que se verifica en el mundo y en Uruguay de forma cada vez más expansiva ya que cada vez son más y más variadas las organizaciones que comienzan el camino de la automatización de sus procesos.
Una nueva frontera para la creación de modelos de negocios: Blockchain y la State Action Reward State Action
Authors: Sarián-González Mario Gabriel , Bruna-Román Carlos Luis , Robles-Lagos Claudio
Published: September 2024

La revolución tecnológica está entregando nuevas herramientas para los modelos de negocio y redefinido la forma en que las empresas operan. En este nuevo panorama, el aprendizaje por refuerzo y la blockchain emergen como tecnologías clave para optimizar procesos y mejorar la toma de decisiones. El aprendizaje por esfuerzo, especialmente con algoritmos como State La revolución tecnológica está entregando nuevas herramientas para los modelos de negocio y redefinido la forma en que las empresas operan. En este nuevo panorama, el aprendizaje por refuerzo y la blockchain emergen como tecnologías clave para optimizar procesos y mejorar la toma de decisiones. El aprendizaje por esfuerzo, especialmente con algoritmos como State
Optimización del proceso logístico en la cadena de suministro con miras a la sostenibilidad
Authors: Cañedo-González Carlos Miguel , Garizurieta-Bernabé Jessica
Published: September 2024

En la actualidad la sostenibilidad se ha convertido en un imperativo para las operaciones logísticas y de cadena de suministro, al ser primordial responder a las demandas de consumidores, reguladores, y la sociedad en general, con prácticas más responsables y sostenibles; por lo tanto, el desarrollo de las organizaciones debe hacer hincapié en el uso de energías renovables las cuales promuevan la entrega de los productos de forma efectiva además de trabajar de forma estratégica vectorizando la aplicación de cubicajes estratégicos los cuales permitan realizar traslados que otorguen seguridad, estabilidad y cumplimiento de los objetivos que demanda el mercado, en este sentido, la presente investigación tiene por objetivo proponer parámetros en los procesos de producción, entrega del producto y los servicios postventa, que permitan la implementación secuencial de actividades de optimización y cumplimiento productivo bajo un enfoque sostenible; para ello, se realiza una investigación descriptiva- analítica la cual permite describir y analizar modelos tradicionales logísticos, así como los factores asociados a prácticas sostenibles, permitiendo identificar las características principales de los sistemas logísticos existentes y las áreas de oportunidad dentro de estos modelos. Mediante la comparación de los factores de sostenibilidad y su influencia en el funcionamiento y desempeño de los procesos logísticos, fue posible determinar parámetros de evaluación de los impactos de dichas prácticas en la logística. Finalmente, la investigación presenta una propuesta de sistema logístico sostenible, al alinear los modelos tradicionales con los principios de sostenibilidad, y con ello, integrar prácticas sostenibles en los en los procesos logísticos para la entrega de mercancías a nivel nacional e internacional.
Educación Remota de Emergencia: desafíos, evaluación y ética en el aprendizaje virtual
Authors: Gómez-Portuguez Rosa Elena , Ureña-Salazar Elvia
Published: September 2024

Este trabajo académico se enmarca en una revisión bibliográfica y de material audiovisual, originada a partir de la preocupación de las autoras sobre el aprendizaje obtenido por el estudiantado, debido del cambio producido por la pandemia del COVID 19 en las universidades que tenían una tradición de presencialidad y que migraron a un modelo virtual para no detener su quehacer. En este período se utilizaba el término de Educación Virtual para denominar este nuevo contexto, en el que se pretendía subsanar la carencia de la presencialidad. Sin embargo, el término correcto para tal situación es Educación Remota de Emergencia. Para la revisión de material teórico y empírico se define el intervalo de publicación del 2015 al 2021, así como los descriptores y criterios de búsqueda y descarte. El análisis permite identificar cinco temas, a saber: educación virtual, evaluación, rol de la persona docente, rol de la persona aprendiz y aprendizaje. En los resultados obtenidos se aporta un compendio de información sistematizado y accesible. Además, se visualiza la correspondencia entre actividades de enseñanza y evaluación, así como el componente ético que conlleva la posibilidad de malas prácticas que disfracen el aprendizaje real acorde con los objetivos de sus cursos.
XÂY DỰNG CÔNG CỤ ĐÁNH GIÁ NĂNG LỰC KHOA HỌC CỦA HỌC SINH TRONG DẠY HỌC CHỦ ĐỀ “TRÁI ĐẤT VÀ BẦU TRỜI” MÔN TỰ NHIÊN VÀ XÃ HỘI LỚP 3
Authors: Thị Lan Hương Hà , Mai Anh Hoàng , Khánh Duyên Hoàng , Thị Lan Nguyễn
Published: September 2024

The article is based on assessment theory, mainly the theory of Robert Glaser, proposing the process of capacity assessment, designing a scientific competency framework in teaching Nature and Society subjects in primary school, which includes 10 criteria, and each criterion consists of 3 levels. From analyzing the requirements of the topic “Earth and Sky” in the subject of Nature and Society, the research has proposed 6 principles, thereby building a 5-step process to design a set of assessment tools. The assessment, based on student achievement requirements, includes 30 questions and exercises, 10 checklists, 2 rating scales, 3 evaluation sheets according to criteria, and learning record samples. The toolkit, after testing on 34 primary school teachers, has been standardized and developed guidelines for use in assessing students in primary schools.
THIẾT KẾ VÀ BIỂU DIỄN MÚA RỐI BÓNG CHO TRẺ EM: HIỆU QUẢ CỦA MỘT MÔ-ĐUN THỰC HÀNH TRÊN SINH VIÊN NGÀNH GIÁO DỤC MẦM NON
Authors: Văn Huy Lê , Viết Nhi Trần
Published: September 2024

This study aims to assess the impact of a shadow puppetry arts training module on Preschool Education students’ confidence in their knowledge and skills of design and performance of shadow puppetry. The researchers developed and implemented the training module for 116 fourth-year students at a university in Central Vietnam. Survey methods and group interviews were employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the training module. The research results indicate that the shadow puppetry design and performance module has positively influenced the students' confidence in both knowledge and skills. Students highly appreciate the interest and challenges encountered during the learning process, as well as the creative skills and exploration demonstrated through shadow puppetry design and performance, group cohesion, and the dedication of the instructing teacher. The principles and processes of shadow puppetry design and performance outlined in the study serve as valuable reference materials for teacher training institutions, students, and preschool educators. This research emphasizes the crucial role of the shadow puppetry arts module in developing the competencies of preschool teachers
XÂY DỰNG BỘ HỌC LIỆU ĐỂ DẠY HỌC PHẦN “SINH THÁI HỌC VÀ MÔI TRƯỜNG” MÔN SINH HỌC 12 DỰA VÀO CƠ SỞ DỮ LIỆU TỪ VƯỜN QUỐC GIA CÁT BÀ
Authors: Thùy Dung Nguyễn , Thị Thanh Hội Phan , Lân Hùng Sơn Nguyễn
Published: September 2024

The topic of “Ecology and Environment” in Biology grade 12 helps students equip themselves with specific knowledge of the levels of living organization over the body and study the interaction relationship between organisms and the environment, and the laws of ecology. When teaching this topic, teachers need to associate theoretical knowledge with practice in Nature reserves, National Parks, Biosphere reserves, etc. Based on the data collected from the nature reserves to organize teaching “Ecology and Environment”, which will help increase students' interest and positive thinking in learning, thereby contributing to developing the qualities and competencies for students to closely follow the requirements in the 2018 general education program. In this study, we conducted an investigation, surveyed the current situation, collected a database of Cat Ba National Park, and proposed a process to build a set of teaching materials for the topic of “Ecology and Environment”. Applying the process of building a set of learning materials including images, videos, documents, and worksheets contributes to increasing the source of reference materials for teachers when teaching this knowledge.
XÂY DỰNG BỘ TÌNH HUỐNG DẠY - HỌC MỘT SỐ NỘI DUNG TRONG MODULE S1.4 THEO CHƯƠNG TRÌNH ĐÀO TẠO DỰA TRÊN NĂNG LỰC CỦA TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y HÀ NỘI
Authors: Thị Lệ Nguyễn , Thị Ngọc Hoa Trần , Dũng Tuấn Ngô , Thị Hạnh Vũ , Minh Ngọc Trịnh
Published: September 2024

In this study, applying the theories on case-based learning, we have built a new set of 30 case studies used in teaching and learning for some contents of Module S1.4: Physical basis of life activities and applications in medicine according to the competency-based training program of Hanoi Medical University. A set of 30 case studies accompanied by 150 multiple choice questions (MCQ) is designed to suit each corresponding teaching method such as Lectures (LEC), Seminar (SEM), and Team Based Learning (TBL). The feedback from students shows that 97.1% of students agreed that the content of the cases is suitable with the goals and content of each corresponding lesson; 95.3% of students said that the situations all have a clinical context, promoting the attractiveness of the lesson. The content of the set of situations in the topic is completely new and has been built and used by lecturers of Medical Physics, Hanoi Medical University in teaching students of Hanoi Medical University recently.
The Socio-Economic Contribution of Muʾlft qulub and Fi sabilillah Zakat: Contemporary Applications in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jiffry Arafath Careem
Published: September 2024

The zakat obligation mandates Muslims with surplus wealth to donate to specific beneficiaries. In Sri Lankan zakat jurisprudence, Muʾlft qulub is narrowly interpreted to include only recent converts to Islam, while Fi sabilillah is limited to warriors fighting for Islam. This interpretation follows the Shafiʿi school of thought, which advises against distributing zakat to non-Muslims or to righteous individuals broadly. This restrictive approach undermines the broader objectives of zakat, such as promoting social justice, reducing poverty, enhancing welfare, ensuring economic stability, and fostering inter- and intra-community relationships. The paper employs a qualitative content analysis methodology alongside a Muslim minority fiqh approach to connect Islamic principles with the socio-economic context of the Sri Lankan Muslim minority. It argues that the classical jurisprudential interpretation is inadequate for addressing the unique challenges of the modern Sri Lankan socio-economic environment. By applying a fiqh of the Muslim minority approach, the paper suggests a moderate expansion of the Muʾlft qulub and Fi sabilillah categories. This expansion would help achieve the broader socio-economic goals of zakat and empower the Muslim community in Sri Lanka.
Physiological Response of Two Amaranth Varieties (Amaranthus tricolor L.) to Urea Applications
Authors: Sari Fevi Catur Wulan , Purwanto Edi , Rahayu Muji , Sakya Amalia Tetrani
Published: September 2024

Amaranth, a highly nutritious leaf vegetable, requires adequate nutrients, especially nitrogen fertilizers, to grow well and produce an optimal yield. Urea is commonly used to promote the growth of amaranth plants. This study examined the physiological responses of two varieties of amaranth to the application of urea fertilizer. This study examined the physiological responses of two varieties of amaranth to the application of urea fertilizer. This investigation was conducted in July - August 2023 in Sukosari Village, Jumantono, Karanganyar. The study utilized a completely randomized design (CRD) with two treatment variables. The first variable consisted of a variety of amaranth, including green (B1) and red (B2) varieties. The second variable in the study was the dosages of urea, including 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 kg.ha-1. The study observed no correlation between various varieties of amaranth and the dose of urea applied in terms of plant growth and physiological activities. There was no discernible impact on the growth or physiological activity of both varieties of amaranth when urea fertilizer was applied. Both varieties of amaranth showed similar physiological responses to urea fertilization. However, the effect of adding urea fertilizer was to enhance the vegetative growth of amaranth plants.
Spin-orbit interaction in quasi-monochromatic singular beams
Authors:   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Egorov Y.A. , Rubass A.F. ,   Physics and Technology Institute of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University
Published: September 2024

It is shown that the magnitude of the spin-orbit coupling is the energy efficiency of energy transfer between orthogonally polarized beam components. The energy efficiency changes as the Gaussian beam propagates through the anisotropic crystal. For a fundamental Gaussian beam, the energy efficiency cannot exceed 50%, and for elegant Hermite-Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian beams of higher orders, the energy efficiency can reach a value close to 100%. At the same time, for ordinary higher-order Hermite-Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian mode beams, the energy efficiency can only slightly exceed 50%. It is shown that zero-order Bessel-Gaussian beams are capable of achieving an energy efficiency close to 100% when an axial optical vortex is generated in the orthogonally polarized beam component when passing through an anisotropic medium, in both monochromatic and polychromatic light. It is shown that for elegant polychromatic Laguerre-Gaussian or Hermite-Gaussian beams, the energy efficiency is reduced to a value not exceeding 50%. The spin moment is compensated by a change in the orbital momentum of the entire beam, which occurs as a result of the difference in topological charge (TC) in the orthogonally polarized components by 2 units.
Focusing a cylindrical vector beam and the Hall effect
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Stafeev S.S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Kovalev A.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Zaitsev V.D. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: September 2024

Polarization of a higher-order cylindrical vector beam (CVB) is known to be locally linear. The higher the beam order, the larger number of full circles the local linear polarization vector makes around the optical axis. It is also known that the CVB with radially symmetric amplitude has zero spin angular momentum (SAM) and zero orbital angular momentum (OAM) both in the initial plane and in the focal plane (because in both Cartesian components of the vector field, the angular derivative of phase is zero). We show here that near the focal plane of the CVB (i.e. before and beyond the focus), an even number of local subwavelength areas with rotating polarization vectors are generated. In addition, in the neighboring areas, the polarization vectors are rotating in the opposite directions. Thus, the longitudinal components of the SAM vector in such neighboring areas are of different sign. After passing through the focal plane, the rotation direction of the polarization vector at each point of the beam cross-section changes to the opposite one. Such a spatial separation of the left and right rotation of the polarization vectors is a manifestation of the optical spin Hall effect.
Effects of ZnO Nano-Particles’ on The Performance Study of CI Engines Utilizing a Combination of Diesel and Neem Biodiesel
Authors: Singh Rohit , Porwal Rajesh Kumar , Verma Vijay
Published: September 2024

Study on the exploitation of nano-materials has produced promising results in several applications, including medicine and reversing ecological damage. ZnO nanoparticles are added to diesel and biodiesel blends in this investigation. The primary purpose of this investigation was to examine the impact of ZnO nanoparticle incorporation on engine outcome measures. Developing countries are currently investing in the development of better diesel and petrol better options. In the present investigation, diesel is merged with biofuel made from neem oil at a range of mixtures (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%), with ZnO nanoparticles added to the B25% mixture at a range of percentages (25, 50, 75, 100 ppm). The chemical composition and utility of these combinations are examined. Increases in biodiesel and ZnO nanoparticle mixtures are followed by increases in calorific value and kinematic viscosity. As more biofuel and zinc oxide nanoparticles were introduced, BTE and BSFC in the performance test rose.
CFD Approach to Evaluate Pin-Fin Performance for Forced Convection Heat Transfer
Authors: Naman Ayush , Kamle Ayush , Sahu Kanishk , Nithesh K. G.
Published: September 2024

In the digital age, fins are often used as effective elements for heat transfer enhancement, extending the life and efficiency of devices while achieving superior thermal management and high performance. Understanding forced convection through fins provides valuable insights for optimizing heat management in many industries such as aviation, heat exchangers, electronic equipment, IC engines, and underground mine ventilation system applications. The current research focuses on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of Pin-Fin using CFD and theoretical approach. A pin fin model for forced convection has been designed and held horizontally inside the rectangular duct in this investigation. The pin fin is made of Brass and measures 1.2 cm in diameter and 12 cm in length. The Fin is enclosed by a 15cm x 10cm x 100cm rectangular duct. The objective of this research work is to make a comparison of the heat transfer coefficient, fin efficiency, and efficacy at various Reynolds numbers to analytical values. ANSYS Geometry is used to create the three-dimensional model, which is then meshed by ANSYS Mesh. The CFX solver is used to obtain CFD results. The outcome of the CFD simulation is in good agreement with analytical approach.
Optimising Intake Manifold to Increase the Efficiency of I.C. Engine
Authors: Chauhan Aditya , Arya Anikait , Bhatnagar Ayush , Zunaid M.
Published: September 2024

The intake manifold in an automotive engine is responsible for delivering the air-fuel mixture to the engine cylinders. Its primary aim is to ensure that the mixture is distributed evenly among each of the engine’s intake ports, thus improving combustion efficiency. Our study aims to improve the mixing capabilities of the intake manifold first by analyzing various intake manifold shapes such as convergent, straight, and convergent-divergent and choosing the most optimal shape by comparing the velocity and turbulent kinetic energy, and second by attaching a vortex generator in the most optimal shape to increase the turbulence and create a swirl. The increased turbulence and swirl will help mix the fuel in a better way. These changes can lead to improved engine efficiency and reduced carbon emissions.
Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine Powered with Plastic Oil and B20 Karanja Oil Methyl Ester
Authors: Jatadhara G. S. , Chandrashekhar T. K. , Banapurmath N. R. , Nagesh S. B. , Keerthi Kumar N.
Published: September 2024

In the early stages of the investigation, plastic oil was mixed with conventional fuel in various proportions, revealing that a 30% volume fraction of plastic oil was optimal when combined with diesel. Building on this, the current study incorporated biodiesel in a 30% volume fraction into the test sample (30PO+70D) at different blending ratios of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. The experimental effects implied B20 blend, representing 20% biodiesel in the test sample, led to reduced emissions compared to the baseline test sample blend. Although there was a slight decrease in performance and fuel consumption, particularly at larger loads, the addition of biodiesel showed a trend of reducing emissions. The power of the diesel locomotive tended to increase with higher biodiesel concentrations, despite biodiesel blends exhibiting delayed combustion. Notably, biodiesel blends demonstrated a reduction in smoke, nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO) levels at maximum brake power. Considering these results, the B20 blend, consisting of plastic oil and diesel, presents itself as a shows potential applicant for future studies because of favorable performance, combustion characteristics, and cleaner emissions.
Study of Design and Analysis of S-glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Polymer Metal Laminate Composites in the Application of Propeller Shafts
Authors: Sudindra S. , Deepak S. A.
Published: September 2024

The propeller shafts are utilized to transmit power from gear box to rear wheels in automobiles. It is found that the weight, cost, critical speed and buckling of shafts are the serious issues in conventional metallic propeller shafts. The propeller shafts made up of composite material are best suited for LMV due to single piece manufacturing. The fiber metal laminate propeller shafts are getting popular as the metal liner adds extra strength, rigidity and acts as a substrate and avoids leaking during manufacturing. The propeller shaft of light motor vehicle was selected for study. S-glass fibers, epoxy and a thin mild steel liner are the materials chosen. The design of the shaft was carried out according to ASME Standard code of design. The ply orientation and stacking sequence are selected as [±45°, 0°, 90°], to increase the torsional strength, enhance natural frequency and buckling strength respectively. The finite element analysis of the propeller shaft is carried out in Ansys APDL. It is found from the analysis that the weight, torsional strength, torsional stiffness and natural frequency of the S-glass fiber reinforced Epoxy Metal Laminate (FML) composites are superior than the conventional C-35 alloy steel material, and hence can be an alternative to the conventional alloy steel shaft.
Development and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of AL6061 Based Hybrid Nano Composites Reinforced with Al2O3 and ZrO2
Authors: P. S. Shreyas  , B. P. Mahesh  , S. Rajanna  , B. S. Ragavendra
Published: September 2024

MMC usage is rising in popularity right now. Studying the advantages of the Aluminum 6061 alloys reinforced with Al2O3 and ZrO2 is the main goal of this work, which is finished using a stir-casting setup. With the use of a computerized universal testing machine, the MMCs' compressive and tensile tests were conducted. The experimental findings revealed that adding Al2O3 as a uniform 2.5% as well as increasing ZrO2 by 1, 2, 3, and 4% increased the compressive and tensile strength.
Delaying Scaffolding Using GeoGebra: Improving the Ability of Vocational Students to Draw Conclusions
Authors: Widjajanti K. , Nusantara T. , As’ari A. R. , Irawati S. , Haris Z. A. , Akbar D. N. , Lusbiantoro R.
Published: September 2024

This case study investigated the implementation of the delayed scaffolding strategy by the teacher using GeoGebra software in learning the topic of absolute functions. This strategy aimed to assist the vocational students to understand the representation of the expression of absolute function symbols in graphical form. The results of the study show that the implementation of delayed scaffolding using GeoGebra improved students’ ability to draw conclusions in understanding the representation of absolute functions in graphical form. This strategy has positive effects on students in the process of learning mathematics, especially for vocational students in Indonesia.
Flipped Learning in Engineering Education
Authors: Prevalla Blerta , Uzunboylu Huseyin
Published: September 2024

Flipped learning is a developing concept in higher education and a new methodology ready for exploration. It is a new educational strategy that changes the traditional lecturing by flipping the classroom in the sense of listening the lectures at home and doing dynamic, group-based problem-solving activities in the classroom. This will engage the students in active learning, critical thinking and developing new studying skills.
This paper will address the current state of knowledge and practice in the flipped learning approach in engineering education by critically evaluating the existing researches and summarizing the findings. The search for empirical articles included electronic databases for engineering education in the Web of Science. Most studies reported high student satisfaction and increased performance in a flipped classroom environment. This paper will also serve as a guide for future studies and reflect the major achievements of flipped learning models over the traditional lecture-exercises model in engineering education to support and advance the student learning process.
Influence of degree of saturation on the thermal conductivity of soils: Experimental and comparative model analysis
Authors: Laimech Abderrahim , Derfouf Feth-Ellah Mounir , Mekaideche Khalfallah , Aboubekr Nabil
Published: September 2024

The thermal conductivity can characterize thermal behaviour of soils in different engineering studies: environmental, geothermal, geotechnical and buildings construction. However, accurately measuring and predicting this parameter poses a challenging task. Measuring this parameter can be very complex, considering several factors, such as soil heterogeneity and external climatic conditions. In addition, predictions models may not capture all the nuances of real-world soil conditions, leading to less accurate predictions of ?. The objectives of this paper encompassed two primary aspects: (i) Evaluation of laboratory tests of thermal conductivity of unsaturated soil. (ii) Assessment of five highly recommended soil thermal conductivity models to determine their validity and strengthen their trustworthiness. The studied material consisted of calcareous tufa locally available in Beni-Saf region (Algeria). The tested samples were compacted to the Standard and Modified Proctor Optimum (SPO, MPO) followed by drying periods under laboratory conditions. The thermal conductivity of samples was evaluated using transient method. The models’ predictive results of the thermal conductivity were assessed with different criteria such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and Coefficient of Determination R². Furthermore, this work also attempts to deliver an in-depth discussion of the effect of degree of saturation Sr on the thermal conductivity of soils.
Assessment of the causes of educational decline in the Maghreb countries
Authors: Kiram Guamra , Attia Samira , Araujo Wagner dos Reis Marques , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira , Khechekhouche Abderrahmane
Published: September 2024

The education systems in Maghreb countries, including Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia, are experiencing significant deterioration due to a mix of internal and external factors. Internally, challenges such as outdated curricula, poor teacher training, overcrowded classrooms, and inadequate infrastructure undermine the quality of education. These issues are worsened by administrative inefficiencies and insufficient investment. Externally, socio-economic problems like high unemployment, political instability, and limited funding further strain the education sector. Additionally, the rapid pace of globalization and technological advancements outstrip the capabilities of these education systems to adapt. Cultural factors, including societal attitudes toward education, also contribute to the decline. Addressing these issues requires comprehensive reforms, such as updating curricula, investing in infrastructure and teacher training, and shifting cultural perceptions to prioritize education as a cornerstone for national development.
Dynamics of changes in development levels of divergent thinking among university students
Authors:   Russian MIA Administration for the Tambov Region, Kochukova Olga N.
Published: September 2024

We analyze the dynamics of changes in the indicators and development levels of students' divergent thinking during the pedagogical experiment. The research purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed and implemented technology to develop divergent thinking among university students in educational cooperation. To achieve this goal, the level and comparative analysis of the obtained data on all indicators and development levels of divergent thinking of students in the experimental and control groups was carried out. Statistical processing of the data obtained in the primary and final diagnostics and their comparative analysis were carried out on the basis of mathematical statistics methods using IBM SPSS Statistica 27.0 program. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-criterion was used to determine differences in independent groups, and the nonparametric Wilcoxon T-criterion was used in dependent groups. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov criterion was used to verify the subordination to the law of normal distribution. Positive dynamics of changes in the indicators and levels of development of divergent thinking was noted both in the experimental and control groups. However, in the experimental group these changes are statistically significant, while in the control group they are insignificant. The conclusion about the effectiveness of the applied pedagogical technology and expediency of its use in the educational process of higher education institution is made.
Determination of tetramethylammonium hydroxide in air using ion chromatography or ultra-performance liquid chromatography - high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Hsu Jen-Yi , Huang Hsin-Lien , Lin Yung-Chieh , Hsiao Ping-Zu , Chang Chih-Wei , Liao Pao-Chi
Published: September 2024

Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is extensively utilized in the semiconductor and optoelectronic industries, serving as either a developer or an etchant. TMAH possesses acute toxicity and alkaline corrosiveness, having caused several fatal and injurious accidents in Taiwan. However, there is currently a lack of methods available for assessing TMAH exposure. This study developed a method involving sampling with quartz fiber filters followed by ultrasonic agitation in 10 mL mobile phase, filtering, and analysis using either ion chromatography (IC) or ultra-performance liquid chromatography - high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS). Utilizing the characteristics of HRMS, the compound analyzed was identified as tetramethylammonium ion (TMA+) through mass spectrometry analysis. The method exhibits excellent trapping capacity and recovery rate. The linear range of TMA+ for IC is 0.3 to 100 μg/mL, with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.9998. The linear range of TMA+ for UPLC-HRMS is 0.002 to 1 μg/mL, with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.996. The recovery rates for IC and HRMS were 116.6% and 90.6%, with corresponding coefficient of variation (CV) of 2.25% and 3.53%, respectively. Samples can be stored at room temperature for 28 days. Verification of this method was conducted at the TMAH factory, and the air concentrations measured in the TMAH filling area were 3.29 and 4.75 μg/m3 from IC and UPLC-HRMS, respectively. This method will be applied in the on-site analysis of occupational hazards for operators in chemical plants, technology factories, and recycling plants, aiming to evaluate risk values to protect the safety and health of workers and prevent occupational diseases.
Evaluation of Compliance and Accuracy in Parkinson's Disease Motor Symptom Tracking: A Comparative Study of Digital and Traditional Paper Diaries Using a Smartphone Application (My Parkinson’s)
Authors: Çelik Nazlı Durmaz , Yaman Kula Aslı , Murat Naci , Kuzu Kumcu Müge , Topal Aydan , Özkan Serhat
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate compliance and accuracy in comparison with traditional PD diaries for tracking motor symptoms using a new smartphone application (My Parkinson’s) and paper diary strategies. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with progressive motor symptoms. Treatment becomes more challenging as PD progresses, motor complications in the form of wearing-off phenomenon and levodopa-induced dyskinesia develop. Traditional paper diaries and clinical scales used to evaluate patients may be inadequate in assessing whether the patient is “on” or “off,” resulting in less-than-ideal treatment changes. Methods: A randomized crossover design was utilized to examine 22 advanced PD patients who underwent symptomatic assessment with both diaries during two separate 24-hour periods seven days apart. The compliance and accuracy of data were assessed by comparing diary entries with the clinical examination notes and WhatsApp queries. Latterly, patients' diary preferences were also evaluated.; Results: The digital diary had significantly better compliance and accuracy than the paper diaries, with substantial/almost perfect levels of agreement (κ = 0·615 to 0·818) between logged symptoms and clinical examination notes. 65% of patients preferred the digital diary for follow-ups, and there was no significant difference in ease of use compared to paper diaries. Conclusions: Digital diaries are helpful in the clinical management of PD patients as they minimize recall bias and reduce data errors in appropriately selected patients. Our study suggests a broader adoption of digital health technologies in PD management. Still, additional research is necessary to improve the tools and assess long-term patient outcomes.
Machine Learning-Based Mortality Risk Stratification in Synovial Sarcoma Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Naderian Jahromi Saba , Raoufi Sadaf , Rahimi Mohammad , Bazmandeh Danial , Salehi Asal , Saleh Kianmehr , Tarokhian Aidin
Published: September 2024

Background: Synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor that constitutes 5-10% of all soft tissue sarcomas. Early diagnosis and risk stratification are essential for effective management. This study leverages machine learning models to improve the risk stratification of mortality in synovial sar-coma patients.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to analyze patients diagnosed with synovial sarcoma between 2004 and 2015, as well as a validation cohort diagnosed from 2018 onward. The dataset encompassed demographic data, clinical characteristics, staging, treatment modalities, and outcomes. Four ma-chine learning models—support vector classifier (SVC), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), Gaussian naive Bayes, and gradient boosting—were trained and evaluated. Model performance was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, AUC-ROC, and Brier score. SHAP analysis was performed to determine the most influential features impacting model predictions. The top-performing model was validated using the 2018+ cohort.
Results: The study included a total of 762 patients, with an average age of 39.4 years. The support vector classifier (SVC) outperformed the other models, achieving an AUC-ROC of 0.8153 (95% CI: 0.7578 to 0.8677) and a Brier score of 0.1715. Upon external validation with the 2018+ cohort, the SVC model yielded an AUC-ROC of 0.8179 (95% CI: 0.7632 to 0.8666). Key prognostic factors identified through SHAP analysis included tumor size, patient age, presence of metastasis, tumor differentiation, and cancer stage.
Conclusion: Machine learning models can be used to stratify the risk of death in synovial sarcoma patients effectively, with the support vector classifier showing the most promise.
A Combined Protection System for Wind Generators
Authors: Kaverin Vladimir , Nurmagambetova Gulim , Em Gennadiy , Issenov Sultanbek , Tatkeyeva Galina , Maussymbayeva Aliya
Published: September 2024

This article presents the results of analyzing emergency situations that lead to substantial economic losses during recovery efforts. Various technical solutions are explored that can identify the onset and, in some cases, the duration of natural or technical factors influencing the occurrence of such emergencies. The relevance of developing a combined protection system for wind generators is substantiated. The system comprises a three-tier structure. The first, lowest level, collects real-time data on monitored parameters. The second level stores this data, calculates missing coordinates using observers, and generates warning messages for wind generator operators about potential emergency situations. The third, highest level, includes the operator's computer. This combined protection system plays a crucial role in reducing emergency occurrences and enhancing the reliability and lifespan of wind generators.
Heat Stress in Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica): Benefits of Phytase Supplementation
Authors: Ribeiro Apolônio Gomes , Silva Raiane dos Santos , Silva Dayane Albuquerque da , Nascimento Júlio Cézar dos Santos , Souza Lilian Francisco Arantes de , Silva Edijanio Galdino da , Ribeiro José Evangelista Santos , Campos Danila Barreiro , Alves Clara Virgínia Batista de Vasconcelos , Saraiva Edilson Paes , Costa Fernando Guilherme Perazzo , Guerra Ricardo Romão
Published: September 2024

In tropical and subtropical climate regions, heat stress is one of the main causes of production losses in laying quails, aggravated by the antinutritional effects of the phytate in diet ingredients, which negatively affect the bioavailability of minerals, especially calcium and phosphorus. This situation results in a reduction in production and quality of eggs from commercial laying hens. Several nutritional strategies are utilized to reduce the adverse effects of high temperatures and antinutritional factors such as phytate. Among these strategies, the use of exogenous enzymes, such as phytase, stands out as a viable alternative. Phytase breaks down phytate molecules, optimizing the absorption of essential minerals and improving productive performance and egg quality under unfavorable conditions. In this context, this bibliographic review sought to produce a document demonstrating the beneficial effects of the phytase enzyme on the hydrolysis of the phytate molecule and the availability of calcium for Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica), and its implications in thermal stress due to heat.
Leveraging Bioactive Proteins and Peptides from Lumbricus Earthworms: Targeting SOCS2 E3 Ligase for Cardiovascular Therapy through Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Alotaiq Nasser , Dermawan Doni
Published: September 2024

SOCS2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, regulates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, essential for cytokine signaling and immune responses. Its dysregulation contributes to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) by promoting abnormal cell growth, inflammation, and resistance to cell death. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between Lumbricus-derived proteins and peptides and SOCS2, with a focus on identifying potential therapeutic candidates for CVDs. Utilizing a multifaceted approach, advanced computational methodologies, including 3D structure modeling, protein-protein docking, 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and MM/PBSA calculations, were employed to assess the binding affinities and functional implications of Lumbricus-derived proteins on SOCS2 activity. The findings revealed that certain proteins, such as Lumbricin, Chemoattractive glycoprotein ES20, and Lumbrokinase-7T1, exhibited similar activities to standard antagonists in modulating SOCS2 activity. Furthermore, MM/PBSA calculations were employed to assess the binding free energies of these proteins with SOCS2. Specifically, Lumbricin exhibited an average ΔGbinding of -59.25 kcal/mol, Chemoattractive glycoprotein ES20 showed -55.02 kcal/mol, and Lumbrokinase-7T1 displayed -69.28 kcal/mol. These values suggest strong binding affinities between these proteins and SOCS2, reinforcing their potential therapeutic efficacy in cardiovascular diseases. Further in vitro and animal studies are recommended to validate these findings and explore broader applications of Lumbricus-derived proteins.
Functional Morphology of the Mouthparts of Ladybeetle Vibidia duodecimguttata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), with Emphasis on Their Sensilla
Authors: Chen Long , Shi Yaping , Wang Ke , Sun Yuanxing , Hao Yanan
Published: September 2024

Mouthparts are the main feeding organs of insects, which play vital roles in the feeding process. The morphology of insect mouthparts has greatly evolved according to different foods and feeding habits. Therefore, studying the structure of the mouthparts is the key to understanding their feeding mechanisms. Vibidia duodecimguttata is an important biological control agent for powdery fungus. In this study, the fine morphology of the mouthpart of V. duodecimguttata was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The basic components of mouthpart of V. duodecimguttata are similar to those of other ladybeetles, while the specific morphology of each part is different. In total, six kinds of sensilla were identified on mouthpart, and twelve types of sensilla were divided according to their morphology, length and distribution. In addition, two kinds of glandular structures were also found, perforated plates and cuticular pores. Finally, the morphological differences between mycetophagous and other feeding habits ladybeetles were compared, and the function of each kind of sensilla were discussed, which may lay a solid foundation for further understanding of the feeding mechanism of ladybirds.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Oral Chloral Hydrate and Determinants of Median Induction Time for Pediatric MRI Procedural Sedation: A Time-to-Event Analysis Perspective
Authors: Alomar Sara Amer , Alshammari Ahmed Nawfal , Alnajim Fahad , Albesair Maan Abdullah , Esmail Amr , BinHasan Abdullah , Aldenaini Fay Fahad , Uddin Mohammed Shahab
Published: September 2024

Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is essential in pediatric diagnostics; however, the need for effective sedation due to children’s inability to remain still presents a challenge. Oral Chloral Hydrate (OCH) is commonly used for its efficacy and safety, but there is a lack of detailed exploration of the median induction time, the period from administration to effective sedation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of OCH and identify the determinants of the median induction time for pediatric MRI procedural sedation.Methods: This retrospective study evaluated oral chloral hydrate (50-100 mg/kg) for pediatric MRI sedation using records from the Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Hospital (2018-2022). Pediatric patients (1–8 years) were assessed for sedation efficacy, with exclusion criteria for allergies or incomplete data. Time-to-event analysis (Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression) was used to identify factors influencing sedation induction time. The data included age, weight, dose, and outcomes. The analysis highlighted the key predictors of sedation success and optimized procedural sedation protocols.Results: The study included 183 pediatric patients with a median age of 30 months and a median chloral hydrate dose of 66 mg. Sedation success was 85.79%, with younger age and shorter induction times being significantly associated with success (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no significant difference in induction times between the neurological and non-neurological groups (p=0.64). Cox regression identified longer MRI duration and multiple doses as significant factors influencing the timing of sedation (p=0.050, p=0.008). Bootstrap analysis confirmed a robust median induction time of 30 minutes.Conclusions: Oral chloral hydrate achieved 85.79% success in pediatric MRI sedation, with younger and lighter patients having better outcomes. The median sleep induction time was 30 minutes, and extending sedation to 60 minutes further improved the success rate.