bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ideology Behind Malay Gravestone Artifacts
Authors: . Pujiyanto , Hidajat Robby , Pramono Andy , . Sarjono
Published: September 2020

This research considers gravestone artifacts in the environment of Malay cultural communities. The use of gravestones as cemetery markers is proof that the user communities have been subject to acculturation. The use of gravestones by Malays is a legacy of Middle East culture. Gravestones are often used in a certain way to indicate the religion of the deceased. Moslems’ gravestones are usually inscribed with Arabic calligraphy. Malay gravestone artifacts are decorated with flora carvings, geometric ornaments, and Arabic calligraphy. Most of them are now stored at National Museum of North Sumatera Province, Malaysian National Museum, and library archive at Indonesian National Library. This article uses qualitative descriptions that involve collecting data concerning artifacts through interview, observation and literature studies. Data analysis is conducted using John Fiske’s Semiotic Theory, which explains visual artifacts through social codes at the levels of reality, representation and ideology. After reviewing gravestone artifacts in the Malay community environments, this study identified a relationship between social aspects and spirituality. If the deceased is a poor person, the gravestone will be simple. When the deceased is a member of the nobility, a successful trader, or a government official, the gravestone can be ornate. Therefore, gravestones have various manifestations when considered with regards to their origins, shapes, and cultural ideologies.
Keywords: gravestone, cemetery, Malay culture, ideology
UTILIZACIÓN DEL MODELO DES, CON BASE EN EL MODELO DE TURBULENCIA SPALART-ALLMARAS EN EL ANÁLISIS DEL PERFIL S809
Authors: Treto Pedro Casanova , Campos Júlio Cesar Costa , Ramírez Kattia Solís , Minette Luciano José , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo brinda el estudio numérico de las características aerodinámicas del perfil S809 para un número de Reynolds de 300000. El perfil S809 es uno de los perfiles más utilizados en aerogeneradores de baja potencia y bastante estudiado experimentalmente por varios autores. Para el estudio se utilizó el programa FLUENT del paquete ANSYS donde se seleccionó el modelo de turbulencia Spalart-Allmaras. Durante el estudio se utilizaron ángulos de ataque que variaron desde 0° hasta 15,2° determinándose los coeficientes de arrastre y sustentación para cada posición. El comportamiento aerodinámico numérico del perfil seleccionado presentó excelentes resultados cuando comparados con resultados experimentales reportados en la literatura. Se determinó que el modelo de turbulencia utilizado representa adecuadamente el proceso físico, pero a partir de un ángulo de ataque de 10,2° comienza a desviarse levemente de los resultados experimentales, lo que puede ser explicado debido al aumento de la turbulencia por el aumento del ángulo de ataque.
ANÁLISE DO DIÂMETRO E DA VELOCIDADE DE BOLHAS DE AR SOB DIFERENTES TENSÕES SUPERFICIAIS: ESTUDO EXPERIMENTAL E SIMULAÇÃO NUMÉRICA CFD
Authors: Jacomini Hugo Henrique , Mendes Batista Junia Natalia , Béttega Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

No presente trabalho, avaliou-se a formação de bolhas de ar em um tanque de flotação empregando diferentes tensões superficiais através de testes experimentais e utilizando a fluidodinâmica computacional (Computational Fluid Dynamics - CFD). As simulações foram conduzidas utilizando o software FLUENT® 18.2. Para a verificação do modelo proposto, os dados simulados de velocidade e diâmetro de bolha foram comparados aos resultados experimentais, tanto quantitativamente quanto qualitativamente. Através dos experimentos e das simulações CFD foi possível obter  o comportamento e a dinâmica das bolhas para as diferentes tensões superficiais, verificando-se desvios aceitáveis entre os dados de velocidade de bolha obtidos experimentalmente e por meio de simulações. Os diâmetros das bolhas experimentais e simulados seguiram a mesma tendência.
AVALIAÇÃO POR CFD DA INFLUÊNCIA DO MODELO DE BALANÇO POPULACIONAL NA DISPERSÃO DE LÍQUIDO EM UM LAVADOR VENTURI
Authors: Marini Luca Martins , Severino e Souza Amarílis , Béttega Vádila Giovana Guerra , Béttega Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

Neste trabalho foi analisada a influência da inclusão do Modelo de Balanço Populacional (MBP) em simulações por Fluidodinâmica Computacional (CFD) na dispersão do líquido injetado em um Lavador Venturi. Foram comparados os resultados de simulações com e sem a inclusão do MBP, bem como avaliada a inclusão dos efeitos dos modelos de quebra e coalescência de gotas. Os resultados mostraram que a inclusão do MBP apresentou efeito pouco pronunciado sobre a queda de pressão no Lavador Venturi. Nos contornos de fração volumétrica das gotas, foi observado que a inclusão do MBP possibilitou avaliar a variação de diâmetro de gota e a sua dispersão no equipamento. Simulações por CFD utilizando o MBP podem contribuir para projetos de Lavadores Venturi, de modo a verificar a dispersão de líquido injetado que a geometria correspondente proporciona.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DO PROJETO CONCEITUAL DE LAYOUT PARA UMA EMPRESA DE ARTEFATOS DE CONCRETO
Authors: Oliveira Luana de , Moura Cassiano Rodrigues , Oroski Gustavo da Cruz , Gambeta Marciane , Soares Tássia Luize
Published: September 2020

Um Layout bem desenvolvido pode contribuir positivamente com os resultados das organizações principalmente no que diz respeito às questões de aumento de produtividade e otimização de espaço físico. Diante disso este artigo tem como objetivo geral desenvolver o projeto conceitual de um layout em uma empresa de Artefatos de Concreto, visando a melhor utilização do espaço fabril. Para isto são utilizadas ferramentas e técnicas de apoio para complementar a realização deste projeto. A sequência do projeto é definida de acordo com: definição das unidades de planejamento de espaços (UPE), resumo das UPE’s, diagrama de afinidades entre UPE’s, diagrama de configuração, realização de layouts , análises de movimentações de pessoas, materiais e informações para cada layout proposto e diagrama de uso de espaço para os layouts  propostos, além da matriz de seleção das propostas de layout. Como resultado são apresentadas 3 propostas de layout que são avaliados através de critérios como movimentação de materiais, adequação do ambiente, custo e acessibilidade. Por fim um é selecionado para a continuação do projeto detalhado de layout a ser aplicado na organização.
IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA 5S NO ESTOQUE DE UMA CONTRUTORA CIVIL: ESTUDO DE CASO NA CIDADE DE PASSOS – MG
Authors: Ferreira de Souza Leticia , Karen Amorim Freire Sanjulião Lo-Ruana , Volpe Rodrigues Thales , Amorim dos Santos Adna , Henrique Fernandes Carlos
Published: September 2020

Com a globalização, o consumidor ganhou destaque e importância no mercado atual. Para fidelizar um cliente e se manter competitiva, faz se necessário que as empresas busquem por melhorias em seus processos internos e externos. Devido a isso, as organizações veem a necessidade de investir em tecnologias e ferramentas para melhorar seus processos, e uma filosofia que vem sendo adotada é a pratica da Produção Enxuta. Esta filosofia visa eliminar as atividades que não agregam valor ao processo, e a ferramenta 5S em particular propõe uma melhor organização, limpeza e segurança no ambiente implementada. Diante disso, o presente trabalho realizou um estudo de caso que teve como objetivo implantar o programa 5S no estoque de uma construtora civil localizada no município de Passos, sudoeste de Minas Gerais. Foram realizadas entrevistas e observações in loco para conhecer e avaliar o ambiente em estudo. Com dados em mãos elaborou-se um plano de ação para direcionar as atividades a serem desenvolvidas em cada “S” da ferramenta. Após a implantação da ferramenta foi possível detectar transformações na gestão de estoques e na qualidade e segurança dos funcionários.
PROSPECTION OF FILAMENTOUS FUNGI AND THE PRODUCTION OF AMYLASE BY ASPERGILLUS sp. M1.7.2
Authors: Souza Mariana Tainná Silva , Marinho Barbhara Mota , Pasin Thiago Machado , Nelson David Lee , Benassi Vivian Machado
Published: September 2020

Amylases are used in numerous industrial applications for converting starch into products of greater value.  This work aimed to prospect filamentous fungi, analyze the morphological and physiological characteristics of the isolates; as well as to select an amylase producing fungus and to optimize the parameters for the cultivation of the microorganism and biochemically characterize the amylase. Among 21 filamentous fungi isolated in Janaúba, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, the best amylase producer was selected for standardization of culture parameters and subsequent enzymatic characterization. Maximum activity was obtained in CP medium after six days of cultivation at 30 °C. Amylases produced by this fungus are stable to variations in pH and temperature, exhibited optimum activities at 65 oC and pH 6.0, and were significantly activated in the presence of 5 and 10 mm KH2PO4.
Applicability of American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) competencies to clinical pharmacy practice in Egypt
Authors: Elmaaty Mahmoud A. , Elberry Ahmed A. , Hussein Raghda R. , Khalil Doaa M. , Khalifa Amani E.
Published: September 2020

Background: The American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) prepared clinical pharmacist competencies that have specific recommendations. Recently, many efforts to advance clinical pharmacy services in Egypt exist. The literature revealed that no country has assessed the extent of applicability of ACCP competencies in its current pharmacy practice setting. Egyptian pharmacists can provide feedback about applicability of such competencies in clinical pharmacy settings in Egypt.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the extent to which ACCP competencies were implemented by Egyptian clinical pharmacists and therefore evaluate development of clinical pharmacy practice in Egypt. The study also investigated factors affecting the applicability of such competencies in the current clinical pharmacy practice setting in Egypt.

Methods: Four hundred and ninety-five randomly selected clinical pharmacists from several hospitals were invited to participate in a cross sectional survey using a self-administered validated questionnaire composed of 31 questions classified into six domains. This questionnaire was designed to determine the pharmacists’ perception about applicability of ACCP competencies to clinical pharmacy practice in Egypt.

Results: The response rate was 64% as 317 out of 495 pharmacists completed the questionnaire. These pharmacists were categorized according to age; gender; qualifications; years of previous work experience, years since BSc. and type of hospitals they are currently working at. Analysis of data revealed the professionalism domain to have the highest percentage of acceptance among pharmacists, while the system-based care & population health domain had the lowest percentage of acceptance. Results also showed that qualifications of participants did not affect their response in three domains; “Direct Patient Care”, “Systems-based Care & Population Health” and “Continuing Professional Development” (p=0.082, 0.081, 0.060), respectively. Nevertheless, qualifications of participants did affect their response in the other three domains; “Pharmacotherapy Knowledge”, “Communication” and “Professionalism” (p<0.05). The age of pharmacists, gender, years of previous work experience, and graduation year did not affect their responses in all six domains. The type of hospital they are currently working at, though, affected their responses where, there was a highly statistically significant increase of the mean score of all domains among participants working at the NGOs/private hospitals compared to governmental hospitals (p<0.001).

Conclusions: Egyptian pharmacists generally apply high percentage of ACCP competencies but the provided clinical pharmacy services need to be improved through applying the standards of best practice.
The relationship between serum vitamin d and bare-metal in-stent restenosis in patients with stable coronary artery disease
Authors: KURTUL Alparslan , GÖK Murat
Published: September 2020

Aim: It has been shown that low levels of vitamin D are associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors and adverse events. The relationship between serum vitamin D level and bare-metal stent in-stent restenosis was investigated in our study.Material and Methods: A total of 181 patients with stable coronary artery disease and previously implanted (>3 months) bare-metal stent were included in the study. Two groups were formed according to angiographic results as Group 1 (≥50% in-stent stenosis) and Group 2 (<50% in-stent stenosis). Serum vitamin D measurements were performed by reverse-phase HPLC. Results: The mean serum vitamin D levels were found to be significantly lower in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (17.7 ± 5.3 ng/ml and 20.9 ± 6.7 ng/ml, p<0.01, respectively) and length of stent was longer in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (18.7 ± 5.3 mm and 17.1 ± 11.2 mm, p<0.01, respectively). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only low level of serum vitamin D and stent length were independent risk factors for bare-metal in-stent stenosis.Conclusion: Low level of vitamin D might be related to fibrosis and inflammation resulting in in-stent stenosis. Further studies are warranted to determine whether vitamin D supplementation could prevent progression of stent re-stenosis.
Factors increasing surgery success in primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: ESMER Ahmet Cem , YALÇIN Orhan , AKAN Arzu , TAZEOĞLU Deniz
Published: September 2020

Aim: Standart procedure for Primary hyperparathyroidism patients’ is two sides neck exploration, during the last years minimal incision started to be used for primary hyperparathyroidisim patients at primary hyperparathyrodism patients. Some researchers had been done to which patients should perform minimal incision surgery that a set of indexes proposed to use. So we can try to show which parameters should be use for get better surgery results.Material and Methods: Files of the patients, that undergo surgery for primary parathyroidism between January 2009-2016, will be studied retrospectively.Results: There 166 patients operated for primary hyperparathyroidism. 14 of these patients have multi gland disease. There is no difference for single gland disease and multigland disease patients between age and gender statistically. Multiglands disease patients’ pathology specimens lenght and weight is lower than single gland disease group statistically. Preoperative and post operative parathormone(Pth) and calcium levels have no statistical difference. Comparing minimal invasive parathyroidectomy(MIP) and bilateral neck exploration parathyroidectomy shows there is no statistically difference between them. Avaible parameters applied advised parameters.Conclusion: There is scoring systems, that made from combination of biochemical parameters and screening methods, seperate single gland disease and multiple glands disease. We evaluated these scoring system among our patients. CaPTHUS scoring system seems useful at our patient group. Wisconsin index is statisticaly meaningless with slight difference. So there is need to more crowded and prospective studies to be done for seperating multi gland disease and solitary adenoma. Comparing Minimal invasive parathyroidectomy and bilateral neck exploration parathyroidectomy shows that MIP is a safe procedure in selected patients.
Achievement rate and complications of comminuted ıntra-articular distal radius fracture treatment by means of closed reduction and use of external fixator
Authors: MENEKŞE Serdar
Published: September 2020

Aim: Distal radius fracture extending into the joint is very common; in any case, the administration of this fracture is controvertible. Related to the significance of intra-articular fracture of the distal radius and the best treatment strategy for the fracture, we tried to evaluate the achievement rate following the treatment of comminuted intra-articular fracture of the distal radius by means of closed reduction and utilization of external fixator. Material and Methods: This retrospective study was taken over at our division of orthopedics by means of appraisal of radiographs and patient documents of those overlook from 2016 to 2018. Radiographic criteria incorporated the level of angulation and shortening of the range of radius. Information were evaluated SPSS 18 programming and were exhibited as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The essentialness level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Generally: 28% of the patients was seen ≤ 2 mm shortening of the radius, 53% of the patients had 2- 5 mm outspread shortening and 19% of the patients had in excess of 5 mm shortening of the range. Most of the members patients had admissible results. The mean average angulation was 6.28 ± 2.85 degrees and the average shortening was 3.92 ± 2.22. %39 percent of the patients had shortening of under 5 mm, 56% had shortening of 5- 10 mm and 5% in excess of 10 mm shortening, individually. Conclusion: The aftereffects of our examination demonstrated that the smaller than expected external fixator is a decent and viable treatment alternative for acquiring outspread length, angulation and hard association in intra-articular fracture of the distal radius.
Yağ asidi kompozisyon değişikliklerinin kalp damar hastalıkları açısından önemi
Authors: AYHAN İdris , ÇAM Saliha Ayşenur , UYSAL Fatma , ARSLAN Seyfullah Oktay
Published: September 2020

Bu derlemede ilk olarak; yağ asitlerinin yapısı, adlandırması, sınıflandırması ve fizyolojik etkileri gibi bilgiler verilmiş, sonrasında yağ asitleri ile kalp-damar hastalıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıran çalışmalar irdelenmiştir. Yağ asitleri, yağların ve hücre zarının yapısına katılan, vücut için enerji kaynağı görevi üstlenmelerinin yanı sıra birçok metabolik yolakta yer alan, önemli fizyolojik işlevlere sahip biyolojik bileşiklerdir. Bu bileşikler diyetle alınabildiği gibi bir kısmı da vücutta öncül maddelerden sentezlenebilmektedir. Kültür, din, coğrafya, iklim gibi faktörlere göre besin tüketim şeklinin değişkenlik göstermesi ve yağ asidi metabolizmalarında görev alan enzimlerin aktiviteleri yağ asidi kompozisyonunu etkilemektedir. Yağ asitlerinin biyolojik etkileri, yağ asidi türüne göre farklılık gösterir. Bu nedenle, yağ asidi profilindeki değişiklikler, sağlık-hastalık durumu için değerli hale gelmekte ve yağ asidi kompozisyonu ile hastalıklar arasında ilişki kurulmaktadır. Bu kompozisyonun belirlenmesinde yağ dokusu, eritrosit hücre zarı, plazma ve serum gibi biyolojik örnekler kullanılmaktadır. Yağ asidi ölçüm işlemleri genellikle gaz kromatografisi yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilir. Ölçülen değerler kullanılarak oluşturulan indekslerle yağ asidi metabolizmasında görev alan enzimlerin aktiviteleri hesaplanır. Mevcut veriler, yağ asidi kompozisyonundaki değişikliklerin, özellikle kalp damar hastalıkları olmak üzere birçok kronik hastalık patolojisi ile ilişkili olduğunu ve biyobelirteç olarak kullanılma potansiyeli taşıdığını işaret etmektedir. Ancak, bu ilişki tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Bu nedenle, güncel teknolojik yöntemlerden faydalanılarak özellikle tüm yağ asidi profilinin araştırıldığı yeni çalışmalar önemini korumaktadır.
Akut anterior miyokard infarktüsü ile başvuran bir hastada distal sol ana koroner arterin dev anevrizması
Authors: KORKMAZ Ahmet , DEMİRTAŞ Bekir , ÖZKAN Can , EMRE İlyas , GURAY Ümit
Published: September 2020

Koroner arter anevrizmaları (CAA), bazı akut ve kronik komplikasyonlarla ilişkili nadir klinik tablolardır. Genellikle tesadüfen tespit edilir. Anevrizma içindeki durağanlık tromboz ve dolayısıyla akut koroner sendroma neden olabilir. Bu yazıda, kardiyak arrest nedeniyle acil servise getirilen ve elektrokardiyografisi (EKG) akut anterior miyokard infarktüsü ile uyumlu olan 37 yaşındaki bir kadın hastanın koroner anjiyografisinde gözlenen LMCA dev anevrizması sunulmaktadır.Koroner arter anevrizmaları (CAA), bazı akut ve kronik komplikasyonlarla ilişkili nadir klinik tablolardır. Genellikle tesadüfen tespit edilir. Anevrizma içindeki durağanlık tromboz ve dolayısıyla akut koroner sendroma neden olabilir. Bu yazıda, kardiyak arrest nedeniyle acil servise getirilen ve elektrokardiyografisi (EKG) akut anterior miyokard infarktüsü ile uyumlu olan 37 yaşındaki bir kadın hastanın koroner anjiyografisinde gözlenen LMCA dev anevrizması sunulmaktadır.
Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio and high sensitive c-reactive protein levels in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia
Authors: KILIÇ Alparslan , BAYDAR Onur
Published: September 2020

Aim: Isolated coronary artery ectasia (ICAE) is a rare form of coronary artery disease and has almost same mortality and morbidity rate to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Monocyte to HDL-cholesterol ratio (MHR) has been entered the literature as a new inflammatory indicator in various cardiovascular disease. In this study we want to investigate relationship between inflammatory and oxidative markers that high sensitive C reactive protein (Hs-Crp), MHR and ICAE.

Material and Methods: We retrospectively observed patients who underwent elective coronary angiography. Patients with ICAE and normal coronary arteries included in the study. MHR and Hs-Crp levels were observed just before the coronary angiography procedure.

Results: A total of 98 patients (61, 62 % men) patients were included in this study and 28 (28.6%) of them had DM. 68 (69.3%) of patients had ICAE. MHR was significantly higher in patients with ICAE (0.0153 (0.007-0.130)ve 0.0111 (0.005-0.020), p< 0.001). Hs-Crp was also significantly higher in patients with ICAE (Yd-Crp: 6 (0.2-33)ve 1(0.2-14), p < 0.001). MHR was also significantly correlated with Hs-crp levels (r:0,338, p: 0.001). Additionally; DM, smoking, HT, MHR and Hs-crp were detected as independent risk factors of ICAE in logistic regression analysis. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve for predicting CAE was 0.744 (p
An aberrant branch originating from right coronary artery leading to acute right heart failure and massive hemoptysis after cardiac surgery: A case report
Authors: YAZICIOĞLU Alkın , ŞİMŞEK Erdal , YEKELER Erdal , TÜFEKÇİOĞLU Omaç , KAPLAN Sadi
Published: September 2020

Although there are several etiological factors for massive hemoptysis, necrosis and infarction of the lung parenchyma are rare causes. Herein, we describe a case of massive hemoptysis due to infarction and associated necrosis of the lung after cardiac surgery. The reason for necrosis was thrombosis of an aberrant artery originating from the right coronary artery and supplying the upper lobe of the left lung. The thrombosis was observed during an embolization procedure for cessation of hemoptysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature to report an aberrant artery originating from the right coronary artery and supplying the left lung. Additionally, hemoptysis related to a vascular obstruction of an aberrant artery and related necrosis of parenchyma was uncommon. Finally, an acute right heart failure related to the obstruction of aberrant artery was also uncommon.
Diagnostic role of NLR, MLR and PLR in patients with lipoma and liposarcoma
Authors: ULUCAKÖY Coşkun , YAPAR Aliekber
Published: September 2020

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic role of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with lipoma and liposarcoma.

Material and Methods: Patients operated for lipoma and liposarcoma at our institution between 2015 and 2019 were included in this retrospective study. A total of 92 patients with 44 lipoma and 48 liposarcoma were included in this study. The results of the complete blood count before treatment were retrospectively analyzed. 94 patients with complete blood count results admitted to the same center for reasons other than fracture, infection or tumors with similar age and sex to the aforementioned study group were included as healthy controls.

Results: The average age of lipoma, liposarcoma and control groups included in the study was 55.3 ± 11.6, 48.9 ± 14.7 and 52.1 ± 11.7, respectively. While 50% of lipomas are located on the thigh and 40.9% are on the shoulder, 72.9% of the liposarcomas are located on the thigh. NLR values of the liposarcoma group were significantly higher than the control group. It was observed that PLR values did not differ significantly between groups. It was noted that MLR values were statistically significantly higher in the liposarcoma group than in the lipoma group. A significant but weak AUC value (AUC = 0.620, p = 0.020) was obtained for NLR. When the cut-off value and sensitivity, specificity, + LHR, PPV and NPV values of these cut off values are examined, NLR 1.83 and above values; It pointed out that his predictability was poor in the diagnostic approach for liposarcoma.

Conclusion: Consequently, lipoma and liposarcoma are the most common forms of benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. NLR and MLR may be valuable in the diagnosis of liposarcoma, but more studies are needed in this regard.
Alopesi areata ile serum 25(OH) d vitamini ilişkisi
Authors: TERZİ Erdinç
Published: September 2020

Amaç:Alopesi areata(AA) hastalarında serum 25-hidroksivitamin D (25 (OH) D) seviyelerini incelemek ve sağlıklı bireylerden oluşan kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırarak serum 25 (OH) D seviyeleri ile AA arasında olası bir ilişki olup olmadığı belirlemektir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ekim 2017-Mart 2018 tarihleri arasında AA tanısı konulan 43 hasta ve 69 sağlıklı birey çalışmaya alındı.Çalışma grubunun serum D vitamini düzeyleri yüksek performans likit kromatografi yöntemi ile değerlendirildi.Ayrıca serum kalsiyum, fosfor, alkalen fosfataz ve paratiroid hormon seviyeleri de değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmamıza 10-47 yaş(ortalama: 33.41 ± 7.2) arasındaki 43 hasta ve kontrol grubunda 18-55 yaş arası(ortalama: 33,53 ± 7.2). 69 sağlıklı birey katılmıştır. AA'lı hastalarda serum 25 (OH) D seviyeleri ortalama 20,21 ng / ml (3,7-43,5 ng / ml) olarak belirlendi. Kontrol grubunda ise serum 25 (OH) D seviyeleri ortalama 24,09 ng /ml(3-69,2 ng / ml) olarak belirlendi.. Her iki grup arasında serum D vitamini düzeyi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu(p> 0.05).

Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar ışığında AA ile serum 25(OH) D vitamini arasında herhangi bir ilişki saptanmamıştır.
N-acetyl cysteine attenuates ferroptosis mediated lung injury induced by lower limb ischaemia/reperfusion
Authors: TÜMER Naim Boran
Published: September 2020

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the effect of N-acetyl cysteine pretreatment on the prevention of ferroptosis mediated lung injury induced by lower limb ischemia and reperfusion.

Material and Methods: Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 350-400 g were randomized into three groups. The animals received N-acetyl cysteine 150 mg/kg or normal saline 0.1 ml/kg intraperitoneally before the ischemic period. In the control and study groups, I/R injury was induced by clamping the aorta infrarenal for 2 hours, followed by 4 hours of reperfusion. The third group underwent sham surgery. After sacrifice, the lungs of the animals were extracted for both histopathological and biochemical analysis.

Results: There was a significant difference between the control and study animals regarding tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels. In the control group, the MDA levels were increased and the GSH levels were increased significantly compared to the sham group that revealed a ferroptosis mediated lung injury. However, N-acetyl cysteine decreased the levels of MDA and increased the levels of GSH revealing a protective effect. The Prussian blue (free iron stain) staining which was used to examine iron deposition revealed a reduced deposition of iron in the N-acetyl cysteine group.

Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest a protective effect of N-acetyl cysteine on ferroptosis mediated lung injury induced by lower limb ischemia-reperfusion in a rat model.
Effects of single high dose topical tranexamic acid administration on bleeding and complicatıons after total knee arthroplasty surgery:A retrospective clinical study
Authors: ŞİMSEK Ekin Kaya , HABERAL Bahtiyar
Published: September 2020

Aim: There is no consensus on the optimal method of Tranexamic acid (TA) usage in orthopaedic surgery in the literature. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of single high dose (3g) topical TA application on postoperative bleeding and complications in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery.

Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent TKA in our clinic between January 2016 and June 2018. The patients were divided into two groups according to TA administration: Group 1 (topical TA, n=105/242) and Group 2 (non-TA, n=137/242). Demographic parameters, comorbidities, high-risk factors, preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) level, lowest postoperative Hb level, change in Hb, total drainage output, presence or absence of a transfusion, amount of blood transfused, length of stay, and complications were evaluated.

Results:In group 1, postoperative first- and second-day Hb levels were significantly higher than those in group 2. The blood loss on the day of surgery, the blood loss on the first postoperative day and total drain blood loss were significantly lower in group 1. It was determined that the patients in group 2 needed significantly more blood transfusions and had more length of hospital stay. There was no statistical difference in complications between the two groups.

Conclusion:Topical TA application effectively and significantly reduces blood loss and transfusion rates after surgery, without serious side effects, in patients undergoing primary TKA. This also reduces the length of the hospital stay.
The Use of Artificial Neural Networks in the Design of Aerodynamic Profiles of a Rotor of a Helicopter
Authors: Anikin V.A. , Indrulenayte Ya.A. , Pashkov O.A. , Sviridenko Yu.N.
Published: September 2020

The authors showed the possibility of using mathematical models based on artificial neural networks to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of helicopter profiles, as well as the ability to design new pro-files with specified aerodynamic characteristics. At the first stage of work, an approximation model based on a neural network of the multilayer perceptron type was created to determine the coefficients of lift, drag, and pitch moment of the profiles. This topology has a number of distinctive features and is well suited for solving such problems. Neural network training was conducted. As a training set, the calculated data of 3692 aerodynamic profiles were used. The accuracy of the approximation of aerodynamic characteristics was estimated. The expediency of using artificial neural networks to solve this class of problems was substantiated. At the second stage of work, to obtain the geometry of new profiles, a mathematical model was created on the basis of special classes of artificial replicative neural networks, which allowed us to significantly reduce the dimension of the space used to describe the surface of the aerodynamic profile and create a qualitatively new design system. Examples were given of using the system for creating profile families in the region of specified aerodynamic characteristics and limiting the maximum relative thickness of the profile
Modified Algebraical Cebeci --- Smith Turbulent Viscosity Model for the Entire Surface of a Blunted Cone
Authors: Gorskiy V.V. , Loktionova A.G.
Published: September 2020

In order to compute the intensity of laminar-turbulent heat transfer, algebraic or differential models are commonly used, which are designed to compute the contribution of turbulent pulsations to the transfer properties of the gas. This, in turn, dictates the necessity of validating these semi-empirical models against experimental data obtained under conditions simulating the gas dynamics inherent to the phenomenon as observed in practice. The gas dynamic patterns observed during gradient flow around fragments of aircraft structure (such as a sphere or a cylinder) differs qualitatively from the patterns revealed by the flow around the lateral surfaces of these fragments, which necessitates using various semi-empirical approaches in this case, followed by mandatory validation against the results of respective experimental studies. In recent years, there appeared scientific publications dealing with modifying one of the algebraic models designed to compute the contribution of turbulent pulsations in the boundary layer to the transfer properties of the gas; this was accomplished by making use of experimental data obtained for a hemisphere at extremely high Reynolds numbers. The paper proposes a similar modification of the same turbulence model, based on fitting a wide range of experimental data obtained for lateral surfaces of spherically blunted cones. As a result of the investigations conducted, we stated a method for computing laminar-to-turbulent heat transfer over the entire surface of a blunted cone; the accuracy of the method is acceptable in terms of most practical applications. We show that the computational method presented is characterised by minimum error as compared to the most widely spread methods for solving this problem
Experimental Investigation of Two-Phase Heat Transfer in a Simulated Cooling Duct of a Piston Engine Cylinder Head
Authors: Abyzov O.V. , Galyshev Yu.V. , Ivanov A.K.
Published: September 2020

Liquid cooling of cylinder and piston parts in highly boosted internal combustion engines is generally accompanied by local phase transition phenomena, such as surface nucleate boiling. The heat transfer coefficient of nucleate boiling is several times higher than that of single-phase convection. In order to efficiently exploit the thermal effect of nucleate boiling in cooling systems, simultaneously preventing emergency supercritical modes, a deeper understanding of boiling physics based on full-scale experiments is required. We conducted experimental investigation of heat transfer in a simulated cooling duct of a piston engine cylinder head, using a bespoke motor-free installation. We studied the effects of velocity, flow character and coolant type on the heat transfer, accounting for the presence of congestion regions. Over the course of the experiment, we simulated thermal conditions characteristic of different heat transfer types: single-phase convection, nucleate boiling, the onset of boiling crisis. We used the experimental data to plot the coolant heat flow density as a function of wall temperature for different measuring points situated inside the stream and the turbulent flow regions (congestion regions). We show that the mature nucleate boiling mode is the most favourable in terms of how uniform the temperature field within a part is. The experimental data obtained during the investigation may be used to verify mathematical simulations in the two-phase heat transfer theory, provided the data have been appropriately processed
Investigation of the Ballistic Descent Mode for a Maneuverable Lander to the Venus Surface
Authors: Kosenkova A.V. , Minenko V.E. , Agafonov D.N.
Published: September 2020

At present, various projects to continue fundamental investigations of Venus are considered in Russia and abroad. It means that the issue of developing a landing module to reach the surface of the planet becomes topical, as the module might provide access to the regions most attractive in terms of research. We propose to use a landing module of the lifting body type, which, as compared to a ballistic class module, is not unacceptably complicated in terms of design and at the same time features a lift-to-drag ratio adequate for solving manoeuvring problems arising in the process of descent into the Venusian atmosphere to reach the target landing area. We consider potential descent trajectories available to a landing module of this type, including the possibility of performing a maximum lateral manoeuvre; we took into consideration its long-period trajectories characterised by multiple re-entries into the dense atmosphere and compared these trajectories to the descent trajectory of a conventional ballistic class landing module. We show that using a manoeuvrable craft expands the selection of potential landing regions, as well as reduces loads and broadens the scope of scientific problems to be solved and studies to be undertaken
Development of Mechanical Engineering: State and Prospects
Authors: Kushnarev L.I.
Published: September 2020

The paper seeks to intensify innovation-driven development of Russian mechanical engineering enterprises and industries. The results of combined administrative and technological investigations unambiguously indicate the necessity and feasibility of restructuring the existing industrial system into large mechanical engineering companies and complexes. Integrating the efforts of every company department should ensure maintaining a competitive quality level and restoring the volume of engineering production, diversifying and modernising the manufacturing processes. Practical implementation of the investigation results in terms of substantiating the directions and steps involved in innovation-driven development will ensure not only high efficiency of introducing them into mechanical engineering and machine utilisation, but also the desired technological breakthrough in production, science and education
Simulation and Real-World Investigation of the Vacuum Pumping Process for Liquid Nitrogen Vapour
Authors: Ustsov A.A. , Kupriyanov M.Yu.
Published: September 2020

We performed the required theoretical computations to simulate the process of pumping saturated liquid nitrogen vapours, accounting for the assumptions adopted. The paper provides a schematic of the test bench and describes the sequence of experiment stages. We checked whether the storage Dewar and volumetric vacuum pump were selected correctly so as to ensure the required evacuation level above the liquid nitrogen surface. We built our test bench and conducted an experiment involving thermostatting in the 63 to 77 K temperature range, and achieved a phase transition in the nitrogen, it turning from liquid to solid. We computed the mass of the nitrogen evaporated required to reach its triple point temperature. We calculated the effective evacuation rate in the system, taking into account the conductivity of separate components. We determined the minimum vapour evacuation time required. We plotted system temperature and pressure as functions of time. The paper describes possible modernisation of the experimental installation, that is, introducing additional crystallisation centres and monitoring the liquid nitrogen mass using electronic scales
Investigation and Simulation of Biodegradation Suppression in Electroless Nickel Plating Baths
Authors: Vinokurov E.G. , Skichko A.S. , Mukhametova G.M. , Kozhukhar O.Yu.  , Burukhina T.F. , Meshalkin V.P.
Published: September 2020

The paper considers proliferation of filamentous fungi in electroless nickel plating baths. We determined that it leads to decomposition of processing media and decreased coating deposition rates. We developed a mathematical model for suppressing filamentous fungi growth in electroless nickel plating solutions in the presence of various inhibitors. The model allows us to predict microorganism proliferation rate under the conditions specified. We used experimental data and mathematical simulation as the basis for investigating processing media biodegradation in electroless nickel plating. Our mathematical simulation showed that it is possible to use the Verhulst model to describe the growth kinetics of filamentous fungi colonies. It also allowed us to determine the parameters of the process kinetics, to predict bath electrolyte stability and select efficient inhibitors. We validate our selection of inhibitor substances (copper sulphate, sodium tetraborate, lactic acid, sodium propionate, chloroform) that have a fungistatic or fungicidal effect on biological object proliferation. We developed a mathematical model for the process of inhibiting processing media biodegradation in electroless nickel plating by means of various substances. We substantiate the ambiguity of selecting the initial condition for stating the Cauchy problem in the mathematical description of the process. We present and analyse the results of mathematically simulating the process under consideration. We found sodium tetraborate to be the most efficient biological object proliferation inhibitor, since, as its concentration increases to 50 mmol/l, there is no deterioration in the coating quality; at the same time, the coating deposition rate increases and the necessary fungicidal effect
Simulating the Behaviour of a Rail String Segment under Dynamic Impac
Authors: Gridasova E.A. , Loktev Al.A. , Illarionova L.A.
Published: September 2020

The paper presents a mathematical model for behaviour of a rail string segment bound by several railway sleepers. The model makes it possible to account for prestressing due to joining rail sections into a string, for anisotropic properties of the rail-and-sleeper assembly, and effects caused by the rolling stock for various initial loading conditions. We considered eleven functions describing wheel--rail contact. These functions enable us to select the most accurate model to describe the effects that vehicles have on railway segments that may differ in design specifics, mechanical properties of materials used, operation modes, and the presence of flaws on the rail tread and wheelset tread. The wave equations used to describe the behaviour of a rail string segment can simulate the process of elastic wave propagation after wheelset contact takes place, which is considerable in the case of high vehicle velocities. The investigation conducted allowed us to plot the wheel--rail interaction force for various contact models. The functions specified make it possible to select the optimum force ratio, taking into account the following: geometrical, mechanical and design parameters of the railway segment; operation modes; and the functions sought for in terms of obtaining the desired maximum contact force, contact duration, and loading and relief times
Mathematical Simulation of Thermomechanics in an Impermeable Porous Medium
Authors: Alekseev M.V. , Sudobin N.G. , Kuleshov A.A. , Savenkov E.B.
Published: September 2020

The paper reports on mathematically simulating behaviour of a porous medium featuring isolated interstices filled with a chemically active substance by using a mathematical model of thermomechanics in the matrix and thermochemical processes inside the pores. We used three-dimensional thermomechanical equations to describe the behaviour of the medium. A lumped-element model accounting for chemical reactions and phase equilibrium describes the processes in pores. We outline the mathematical model of the medium and the respective computational algorithm. We provide parametric computation results using realistic thermophysical and thermodynamical parameters, composition of the organic substance found inside pores (products of thermal decomposition of kerogen) and chemical reactions, which show that it is necessary to employ complex, interconnected models to simulate the process class under consideration
Robust Identification of an Exponential Autoregressive Model
Authors: Goryainov A.V. , Goryainov V.B. , Khing W.M.
Published: September 2020

One of the most common nonlinear time series (random processes with discrete time) models is the exponential autoregressive model. In particular, it describes such nonlinear effects as limit cycles, resonant jumps, and dependence of the oscillation frequency on amplitude. When identifying this model, the problem arises of estimating its parameters --- the coefficients of the corresponding autoregressive equation. The most common methods for estimating the parameters of an exponential model are the least squares method and the least absolute deviation method. Both of these methods have a number of disadvantages, to eliminate which the paper proposes an estimation method based on the robust Huber approach. The obtained estimates occupy an intermediate position between the least squares and least absolute deviation estimates. It is assumed that the stochastic sequence is described by the autoregressive equation of the first order, is stationary and ergodic, and the probability distribution of the innovations process of the model is unknown. Unbiased, consistency and asymptotic normality of the proposed estimate are established by computer simulation. Its asymptotic variance was found, which allows to obtain an explicit expression for the relative efficiency of the proposed estimate with respect to the least squares estimate and the least absolute deviation estimate and to calculate this efficiency for the most widespread probability distributions of the innovations sequence of the equation of the autoregressive model
Evaluating Possibility of Registering Scattered Gravitational Radiation on Wormholes
Authors: Kirillov A.A. , Krichevskiy D.P.
Published: September 2020

Possibility of experimental registration of gravitational radiation scattered on wormholes was evaluated. Scattered radiation registration could become the experimental evidence of the wormhole gas theory explaining the dark matter nature. The simplest model of the traversable static spherically symmetric wormhole was used, which is the limiting case for the Bronnikov --- Ellis wormhole. Equations for gravitational wave against the background of non-empty curved space--time were obtained in the gauge, where the trace of a gravitational wave is not equal to zero. It is shown that equation on the trace is reduced to the Klein --- Gordon --- Fock equation. Explicit expressions were obtained for the gravitational wave trace scattering cross section on a wormhole. It was assumed that the gravitational wave amplitude order was equal to its trace order, numerical simulation was carried out, and scattered gravitational radiation intensity and amplitude from wormholes on Earth were estimated. In the multiverse case, when the wormhole throat was leading to another universe, conclusion was made that it was currently impossible to register radiation scattered by wormholes taking into account the LIGO/VIRGO detector sensitivity
Is Extrafacial Rosacea or the Coexistence of Rosacea and Polymorph Light Eruption?
Authors: TURAN Çağrı , TANAS IŞIKÇI Özlem , EKŞİOĞLU Hatice Meral
Published: September 2020

Rosacea readily diagnosed in the clinical practice and may unusually present with extrafacial involvement. This clinical picture, known as extrafacial rosacea, has been reported to be confused with various diseases besides photodermatoses in the literature. Coexistence with polymorphic light eruption and rosacea have not been reported to date as far as we know, and here we present a case displaying that this coexistence should come to mind in patients if extrafacial rosacea is considered.