bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rapid response strategies to sanitary and epidemiological emergencies in Russian Federation regions considering particular epidemiological scenarios (in case of cholera outbreaks)
Authors: Mazrukho A. B. , Gaevskaya N. E. , Pichurina N. L.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Currently, cholera poses a serious external infection risk for the Russia. Any region of Russia is at risk of cholera infestation/importation, while importation events shall be considered as a real threat to the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population. Every Russian region is characterized by a set of individual factors and conditions affecting cholera infection risks, as well as preparedness of medical and testing lab capacities. In such environment, every region of Russia is in critical need of region-specific stochastic epidemiological forecasting is critically demanded in the case of cholera infestation importation. Ability to select a most efficient rapid response strategy in every forecasted scenario is no less relevant.

The study objective is to use the developed epidemiological risk assessment score for cholera infestation/importation in individual regions of Russia to eventually establish the probability for each of the three potential epidemiological scenarios, as well as to guide scenario-specific rapid response strategies.

Methodology. Epidemic risk assessment score for cholera infestation/importation in Russia was developed based on region-specific quantitative evaluation of the potential epidemiological risk at public mass events and the overall epidemiological capacity in case of cholera exposure. Modifications included ranking the sets of assessment score indicators by cholera epidemiological risk exposure with a few extra sets of indicators, such as region-specific product output, economic factors, emergency incidence rate and scope of consequences. Stochastic scenarios are based on retrospective data analyzing the links between the initial epidemiological risk factors, preparedness of medical and laboratory services, and real country specific data regarding the development of the epidemiological situation amid cholera outbreaks.

Results and discussion. The study develops a region-specific epidemiological risk assessment score for cholera infestation/importation for Russian Federation regions to provide an insight into the impacts of epidemiological risk factors and counter-epidemic preparedness capacities of every region, considering the implementation of each of the three potential epidemiological situation scenarios (negative, limited spreading, and favorable). The paper elaborates strategies and solutions to provide efficient rapid response in case of either scenario.

Conclusion. The developed epidemiological risk assessment score for cholera infestation/importation in individual regions of Russia allows to evaluate the probability for each of the three epidemiological scenarios in a particular region depending on the total score, as well as to select most efficient scenario-specific rapid response strategies.
Managing medical care for victims with thermal burn injuries caused by emergency accidents in megacity settings
Authors: Gumenyuk S. A. , Borisov V. S. , Potapov V. I. , Sachkov A. V. , Sheptunov G. V.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. In emergency settings, medical care for thermal burn injuries remains a crucial problem of disaster medicine. In industrially advanced countries with ongoing urbanization, burns represent a most frequent and severe type of injuries requiring emergency medical care. The study objective is to analyze the efficiency of emergency medical care provided in Moscow over the 6 year’s timespan (2018 to 2023) to victims of emergency accidents presented with thermal burns.

Methodology and methods. The study relies on the data obtained from the Disaster Medicine of Moscow automated analytical information system with a focus on the victims of emergency accidents presented with burns throughout the past 6 years (2018 to 2023). The platform is managed by the Moscow Territorial Scientific and Practical Center for Disaster Medicine (CEMP) and the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine.

Results and discussion. Over the past 6 years (2018 to 2023), the emergency accidends affected 1989 victims presented with thermal burns, including 438 (22.0 %) declared dead at the scene prior to the arrival of CEMP medical and specialized emergency response teams. 1,216 patients (61.1 %) were evacuated to referral centers at multidisciplinary hospitals, 315 patients (15.9 %) travelled to medical hospitals by passing-by vehicles to apply for medical help independently, and 20patients (1 %) were referred for outpatient follow-up. Overall, 597 patients were admitted to burn injury department at the N.V.Sklifosovsky Research Institute. Those included 33.1 % in extremely severe and severe condition, with 1.7 % requiring tracheal intubation and respiratory ventilation support.

Conclusion. At pre-hospital stage, deployment of the medivac ICU teams is the most promising strategy to ensure high quality medical care. Given the high incidence of multiple injuries (up to 49.6 %) in emergency accidents, sophisticated medical care shall be provided by a multidisciplinary team of reconstructive burn surgeons, ICU staff specializing in inhalation injuries, and medical professionals.
Evaluasi Kapasitas Seismik Gedung Beton Bertulang dengan Metode Pushover Analysis
Authors: Darmansyah Ghina Pricillia , Maidiawati Maidiawati , Honesti Leli
Published: January 2025

Gedung Bedah dan Central Sterile Supply Department RSUD Kota Solok merupakan gedung beton bertulang yang baru saja selesai dibangun pada Januari 2024. Pada penelitian Ini akan dilakukan evaluasi kapasitas seismik gedung bedah dan CSSD RSUD Kota Solok dengan dan tanpa kontribusi dinding menggunakan metode analisis statik nonlinier dengan software SeismoStruct. Kurva kapasitas pada perbandingan permodelan dinding dan tanpa dinding memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan, dimana kekuatan lateral dengan dinding pada arah X meningkat sebesar 6,3% dan pada arah Y sebesar 15,83%, kekakuan pada permodelan dengan dinding juga lebih besar dari permodelan tanpa dinding dimana kekakuan dengan dinding pada arah X meningkat senilai 32,88% dan pada arah Y sebesar 73,75%, dan untuk daktilitas juga meningkat pada arah X sebesar 105,43% dan pada arah Y sebesar 145,28%. Berdasarkan hasil kinerja struktur berdasarkan FEMA 356 didapatkan level kinerja struktur tanpa pengaruh dinding arah X dan Y serta dengan pengaruh dinding arah X dan Y yaitu Immediate Occupancy (IO).  Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut evaluasi dengan adanya dinding bata penuh dapat meningkatkan kapasitas seismik dari segi kekuatan lateral, kekakuan lateral, dan daktilitas dari Gedung Bedah dan Central Sterile Supply Department RSUD Kota Solok.
Dampak Kolam Retensi Seri Terhadap Puncak Banjir Daerah Aliran Batang Kuranji
Authors: Februarman Februarman , Daoed Darwizal , Syahputra Aldino
Published: January 2025

Banjir merupakan fenomena alam berupa tergenangnya daratan oleh air dan dapat menimbulkan kerugian bagi manusia. Banjir dapat disebabkan oleh curah hujan yang tinggi, terbatasnya daya tampung dasar sungai, serta kondisi topografi dan drainase. Salah satu sungai yang menjadi penyebab banjir di Kota Padang adalah Sungai Batang Kuranji terutama pada bagian hilirnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu sistem pengendalian banjir yang ramah lingkungan dan mampu mengurangi puncak banjir di bagian hilir yaitu dengan membuat beberapa kolam retensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pembuatan kolam retensi serial terhadap pengurangan puncak banjir pada ruas tengah Sungai Batang Kuranji. Kolam retensi diletakkan pada sisi kiri dan kanan sungai pada ruas dari Bendung Gunung-Nago sampai Jembatan Kuranji pada jalan Padang-Bypass. Debit banjir di Sub DAS Gunung-Nago diperkirakan sebesar 547 m3/s untuk masa ulang 10 tahun dengan luas DAS 124 km2. Simulasi kolam retensi seri terlihat sangat efektif dalam menurunkan debit banjir puncak sebesar 52% dengan luas kolam 0,8 juta m3. Meskipun periode ulangnya 100 tahun, namun presentase efektivitasnya sebesar 34%. Saran kepada stakeholder agar kolam dapat berfungsi dengan baik perlu adanya perawatan dan pengerukan secara berkala.
Studi Penggunaan Aspal Buton Pada Lapisan Permukaan Jalan Raya
Authors: Aminsyah Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Buton Asphalt (Asbuton) is a natural asphalt found on Buton Island, Southeast Sulawesi Province, located 1.5 meters above the ground and has been utilized. This asphalt was first discovered in 1926 by Hetzel, a Dutch geologist, which was then processed by PT Perusahaan Aspal Negara until finally implemented (one of them) by PT Sarana Karya (BUMN). This asphalt is a mixture of bitumen with other mineral materials in the form of rocks. This study aims to determine the performance characteristics of the surface layer mixture using Buton Asphalt on flexible road pavements. There are four variations of aggregate mixtures in this study, namely a mixture with the use of oil asphalt as a comparison and 3 Buton asphalt mixtures with variations in aggregate gradation. The type of mixture used is AC-BC. The use of Buton Asphalt with aggregate gradation based on the middle limit of the specification produces the best Marshall performance with an increase in stability value of 23.92%.
Analisis Perancangan Konstruksi Galian Berturap Pada Tanah Pasir
Authors: Harrisla Arrevan M. , Yuliet Rina
Published: January 2025

Braced cuts are sheet piles built on excavations made for the construction of foundations that are quite deep and the sides of the excavation are vertical. The vertical surface of the excavation requires protection with a temporary sheet pile installation system to avoid collapse that may occur together with the subsidence or collapse of the bearing capacity of the surrounding foundation. In sheet pile excavation work, failures often occur in the work, one of which is the collapse of the sheet pile excavation, this can cause very large financial losses and even claim lives. One of the causes of collapse in sheet pile excavations is because the dimensions of the sheet pile excavation are too slender so that they are unable to withstand active soil pressure when saturated with water. The purpose of this study was to obtain sheet pile and support specifications, the actual depth of sheet pile pile driving, deformation and displacement in the sheet pile and support. From the results of the sheet pile design analysis, the sheet pile cross-section modulus value was obtained as 1575.1 cm3/m, so that the U-type sheet pile specification with a type IIIA cross-section was obtained. The axial capacity of the support is 2542.115 kN, which is greater than the largest force of 1003.975 kN, so that the support capacity can be used. The actual depth of the excavation sheet pile is 9.5 m and the total length of the sheet pile is 19.5 m.
Kebutuhan Air Irigasi Menggunakan Dua Metode Klasik dan Aplikasi Cropwat 8.0 Di D.I Kuranji
Authors: Hadie Muhammad Shubhi Nurul , Hanifa Azkia Hidayati
Published: January 2025

Perhitungan Kebutuhan Air Irigasi bisa dilaksanakan dengan berbagai metode, baik beberapa metode klasing yang sudah biasa digunakan, maupun penerapan metode dan aplikasi baru berbasis software yang diharapkan akan mempermudah proses perhitungan dengan hasil yang memuaskan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan beberapa metode perhitungan kebutuhan air irigasi tanaman padi, khususnya pada Daerah Irigasi Batang Kuranji Kota Padang. Data hidrologi yang digunakan meliputi 15 tahun data (2003-2020) yang diambil dari Stasiun Hujan Gunung Nago dan Batu Busuk. Metode perhitungan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Penman Modifikasi, Penman Monteith manual, dan penggunaan  Aplikasi CROPWAT 8.0 untuk menghitung Evapotranspirasi Potensial (ETo), Evapotranspirasi Tanaman (Etc), dan kebutuhan air irigasi (IR). Yang mana didapatkan hasil nilai ETo 3,556 mm/hari menggunakan aplikasi CROPWAT 8.0, Penman Modifikasi sebesar 3,939 mm/hari, dan untuk Penman Monteith sebesar 3,655 mm/hari. Sedangkan untuk nilai evapotranspirasi tanaman (ETc) untuk CROPWAT 8. 0 diperoleh rata-rata 3,703 mm/hari, Penman Modifikasi 4,82 mm/hari, dan Penman-Monteith 5,56 mm/hari. Untuk nilai  Kebutuhan air irigasi maksimum dengan menggunakan aplikasi CROPWAT 8.0 mencapai 11,29 mm/hari yang mana ini merupakan nilai paling besar yang terdapat pada bulan April dekade ke-2. Sedangkan untuk Penman Monteith dan Penman Modifikasi didapatkan hasil masing-masing sebesar 9,33 mm/hari dan 9,57 mm/hari. Untuk hasil perhitungan kebutuhan debit air irigasi (Dr) didapatkan dari ketiga metode yang dipakai yaitu CROPWAT 8.0 sebesar 1,307 lt/dt/ha, Penman Modifikasi sebesar 1,342 lt/dt/ha, dan untuk Penman-Monteith manual sebesar 1,302 lt/dt/ha. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya penggunaan teknologi dalam efisiensi pengelolaan sumber daya air untuk menunjang produktivitas pertanian, serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk penggunaan data tanah yang lebih akurat agar hasil analisis lebih dapat diandalkan.
Chicago VS. APA (American Psychological Association) Documentary Styles Effectiveness On Iraqi EFL Students Performance in Reading Comprehension
Authors: Yaseen Inas Kamal
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the comparative effectiveness of two different citation approaches:¬ the Chicago and the APA (American Psychological Association) styles on the reading comprehension performance of the Iraqi EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students· It is a general requirement that a graduate student’s academic essay is supported by such adherence as to systematic texts that possess basic formats, thus being a critical factor in information presentation and understanding · The research aims to answer the question of whether the formatting elements and the citation management features of Chicago and APA style sheets define adequate parameters in a student’s ability to read and retain ideas and information from textual materials provided in class. The research compares the effect of two mentioned techniques on Iraqi EFL second-year students studying in the department of English for the academic year of 2023-2024, and to determine which of the citation styles is more appropriate in enhancing reading comprehension performance of the students on a given academic reading. The study followed a mixed-strategy research design, percentages were employed in this study to measure the effectiveness of said comprehension techniques in academic settings where students have to read and integrate academic texts that are presented in either Chicago or APA style. Their performance on these tests are measured and compared to identify any significant differences in comprehension levels. The results of the study reveal a significant difference in reading comprehension performance between the two groups. Students in the first experimental group that operated in Chicago style was found to be easier and more comprehendible than style formatted in American Psychological Association (APA) style, which is considered fastidious and may cause confusion for students, especially those who face new words at the same text of the APA citation style (Auther’s name). Such findings indicate that the Chicago citation style is more helpful in enhancing reading comprehension among Iraqi EFL learners.
أثر استراتيجية الجدول الذاتي (K.W.I.H) في تنمية التفكير التأملي لدى طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي في مادة الأدب والنصوص
Authors: خالد العزي رنا إبراهيم
Published: January 2025

هدفنا في هذا البحث، التعرف على أثر استراتيجية الجدول الذاتي (K.W.I.H) في تنمية التفكير التأملي لدى طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي في مادة الأدب والنصوص. وعينة البحث تحددت بطلاب الصف الخامس الادبي في (إعدادية السياب للبنين)، بمدينة كركوك، وذلك في النصف الدراسي الثاني من عام 2023-2024 بإفراد مكونين من(60) طالباً. إذ شملت المجموعة التجريبية عينة عدد افرادها (30) طالباً من الشعبة (أ) الدارسين وفق استراتيجية الجدول الذاتي (K.W.I.H) بينما شملت المجموعة الضابطة عينة عدد افرادها(30) طالباٌ منتمين للشعبة (ب) الدارسين وفق الطريقة التقليدية (الاعتيادية). استندت على منهج قائم على التجريب، وأجرت عملية التكافؤ بين عينة البحث في المتغيرات التي يحتاجها البحث، ولتحقيق هدف البحث بنت الباحثة اختباراً لقياس مستوى التفكير التأملي لدى طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي في مادة الأدب والنصوص، وتكونت الأداة من فقرات اختبارية مجموعها (40) فقرة، تم عرضها على محكمين مختصين بالعلوم التربوية والنفسية، واللغة العربية وطرائق تدريسها، وبعد إعداد وتهيئة الخطط الدراسية والأداة ، نفذت التجربة، أثناء الفصل الثاني من العام الدراسي (2023- 2024) في يوم الثلاثاء(20/2/2024) واستمرت التجربة إلى يوم الأحد(21/4/2024)، وبواقع حصتين دراسيتين في الأسبوع ، ثم طبقت الباحثة الاختبار البعدي في يوم الخميس(25/4/2024). وعولجت البيانات إحصائيا باختبار (t-test) لعينتين مستقلتين. وأشارت النتيجة إلى تفوق أفراد المجموعة التجريبية الدارسين وفق استراتيجية الجدول الذاتي (K.W.I.H) على أفراد المجموعة الضابطة في نمو التفكير التأملي، وأثبت البحث وجود فرق بين التطبيقين القبلي والبعدي في متغير التفكير التأملي ولصالح البعدي .
International relations of Qing China after conquest of Xinjiang – problem of identifying of Yaliwan-guo from «Huang Qing zhigong tu»
Authors: Pastukhov A. M. , Labartkava A. M.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the possible identification and localization of the “Yaliwan state” mentioned in the text of Qing historical source “Huang Qing zhigong tu” dated by the second half of the 18th century among the tributary states of Qing empire. The hypothesis of the identification of the Yaliwan state with the Erevan Khanate, which existed on the territory of Transcaucasia in the middle of the 18th – early 19th centuries is put forward and founded at the first time in Russian historiography. The reconstruction of the appearance of the inhabitants of this khanate of Armenian nationality was made basing on the text of the Qing source and the image of the inhabitants of the Yaliwan state in national costumes. The assumptions about possible ways of penetration of Armenians into the territory of the Qing empire based on information from historical sources about the trade of Armenian merchants in India and Southeast Asia is made in the article, and also the possible time of the first direct contact between the authorities of the Qing empire and representatives of the Armenian merchants from the Erevan Khanate is suggested in the article. The material revealed on early Armenian-Chinese contacts allows to assert that, despite the inclusion of portraits of the inhabitants of the Erеvan Khanate in the text of such a source as “Huang Qing zhigong tu” (Portraits of Tributaries of the August Qing), it doesn’t evidence the real vassalage of the Erevan Khanate from the Qing Empire, but it only tells about periodic trade contacts between the Qing empire and representatives of the Armenian merchants from the Erevan Khanate, who enjoyed the support of the dynasty of Qajar origin, which ruled in Yerevan at that time.
СИНТЕЗ И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СВОЙСТВ КОМПЛЕКСНЫХ СОЛЕЙ КАРБОГИДРАЗИДА НА ОСНОВЕ КОБАЛЬТА (II)
Authors: Ильясов Д.С. , Ильясов С.Г.
Published: January 2025

Комплексные соединения, полученные на основе карбогидразида и переходных металлов периодической системы элементов (Ni2+, Zn2+) с динитразовой кислотой являются высокоазотистыми веществами, содержащими активный кислород, и проявляющими свойства энергетических компонентов топлив и составов. Кинетическими исследованиями (методом Остромысленского – Жоба) показано, что [Co(N(NO2)2)2] вступает во взаимодействие с карбогидразидом с образованием в зависимости от мольного соотношения исходных реагентов трех типов комплексов в водном растворе. Экспериментально выделены и идентифицированы физико-химическими методами анализа два типа комплекса, содержащих элементы карбогидразида, кобальта (II) и аниона динитразовой кислоты. Полученные комплексы проявляют свойства высокоэнергетических соединений, обладают хорошей термической стабильностью, но являются небезопасными в обращении, особенно к лучу огня. Методом ИК-спектроскопии показано, что в полученных кобальтовых комплексных солях присутствуют элементы карбогидразида и динитразота, а также взаимосвязь металл-лиганд через атомы N и O карбогидразида.

Complex compounds obtained on the base of carbohydrazide and transition metals of the periodic table of elements (Ni2+, Zn2+) with DNA are highly nitrogenous substances containing active oxygen and exhibiting the properties of energy components of fuels and formulations. Kinetic studies (by the Ostromyslensky – Zhoba method) have shown that [Co(N(NO2)2)2] interacts with carbohydrazide to form, depending on the molar ratio of the initial reagents, three types of complexes in an aqueous solution. Two types of complexes containing elements of carbohydrazide, cobalt (II) and DNA anion has been experimentally isolated and identified by physico-chemical analysis methods. The resulting complexes exhibit the properties of high-energy compounds, have good thermal stability, but are unsafe to handle, especially to a ray of fire. IR spectroscopy has shown that the obtained cobalt complex salts contain elements of carbohydrazide and dinitrazote, as well as the metal-ligand relationship through the N and O carbohydrazide atoms.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ТРУБ ИЗ КОМПОЗИТНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ПРИ СООРУЖЕНИИ ТРУБОПРОВОДОВ
Authors: Левитин Р.Е. , Кожин Р.Н. , Трошкин Е.В. , Трясцин Р.А. , Староверов Д.И. , Александров А.Н. , Савенков Г.В. , Варяев И.А.
Published: January 2025

Значимость использования труб из композитных материалов при сооружении трубопроводов с каждым годом становится все выше и выше. Несмотря на это статистика показывает, что сталь остается на первом месте в мире по применению в строительстве и будет ведущим строительным материалом еще долгое время. В последние годы заметно сильное увеличение производства стали и стального оборудования по всему миру. Доля производства стали в России для производства труб остается высокой и составляет около четверти от общего объема внутреннего потребления. Российская трубная промышленность за последние десятилетия стала одним из мировых лидеров по уровню технологий и качеству, выпуская широкий ассортимент труб из различных видов стали. Можно сделать вывод, что сталь достаточно долговечна при необходимых условиях. Она выдерживает многочисленное количество нагрузок, почти не испытывая деформаций даже при сильных нагружениях. Исследование направлено на сравнение основных эксплуатационных характеристик и оценку эффективности и перспективности использования композитных материалов в области трубопроводного транспорта. Главным фактором, негативно воздействующим на состояние внутри промысловых трубопроводов при транспортировке нефтяной эмульсии, является проблема коррозии внутри труб. Однако, использование трубопроводов из композитных материалов позволяет решить эту проблему и становится все более актуальной темой. На данный момент в Российской Федерации пока еще не хватает необходимой информации о эксплуатации таких многослойных конструкций, это затрудняет широкое внедрение в проекты и строительство трубопроводов с использованием композитных материалов в нашей стране.

The study is aimed at comparing the main performance characteristics and assessing the effectiveness and prospects of using composite materials in the field of pipeline transport. The main factor that negatively affects the condition of in-field pipelines when transporting oil emulsion is the problem of corrosion inside the pipes. However, the use of pipelines made of composite materials allows us to solve this problem and is becoming an increasingly pressing topic. At the moment, the Russian Federation still lacks the necessary information on the operation, design and construction of such structures, which makes it difficult to widely introduce this technology in our country.
Развитие одного из методов расчёта постоянной Маделунга
Authors: Фомин Д.В.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются методы математического описания регулярных пространственных структур. А также методы численного расчёта постоянной Маделунга. В частности, методы Эвьена и Эвальда. Более подробно рассматривается метод Харрисона, основанный на идее расширяющихся кубов. Также рассматриваются его модификации. Отмечается, что данный способ вычисления адаптирован к использованию компактных матричных описаний в качестве исходных данных для расчёта. Обосновывается актуальность разработки метода расчёта постоянной Маделунга, принимающего в качестве исходных данных матричные описания, полученные с помощью модифицированного компактного векторно-матричного метода описания. Рассматривается ряд особенностей компактных матричных описаний. Предлагается новая модификация метода Харрисона. Анализируются её сильные и слабые стороны.

The article discusses methods of mathematical description of regular spatial structures. As well as methods for numerical calculation of the Madelung constant. In particular, the methods of Evien and Ewald. Harrison's method, based on the idea of expanding cubes, is considered in more detail. Its modifications are also being considered. It is noted that this calculation method is adapted to the use of compact matrix descriptions as initial data for calculation. The relevance of the development of a method for calculating the Madelung constant, which takes as initial data matrix descriptions obtained using a modified compact vector-matrix description method, is substantiated. A number of features of compact matrix descriptions are considered. A new modification of the Harrison method is proposed. Its strengths and weaknesses are analyzed.
Исследование генерационных характеристик лазера на композитном активном элементе из Nd3+:YAG / Cr4+:YAG керамики и его применение
Authors: Антипов А.А. , Путилов А.Г. , Шепелев А.Е. , Ершков М.Н. , Солохин С.А.
Published: January 2025

В настоящей работе представлены результаты исследований генерации лазера на композитном элементе из Nd3+:YAG/Cr4+:YAG керамики отечественного производства. Композитный элемент, полученный методом реактивного спекания смеси порошков оксидов, состоит из двух частей – активной среды Nd3+:YAG и пассивного лазерного затвора Cr4+:YAG. В режиме пассивной модуляции добротности реализована генерация излучения со средней мощностью 4,2 Вт. При этом длительность и частота следования импульсов составили 4,6 нс и 68,5 кГц соответственно. С использованием исследуемого лазера в работе реализован процесс взаимодействия лазерного излучения с материалом из нержавеющей стали марки AISI 304 в воздушной и в жидкостной средах. В результате лазерного воздействия на поверхности материала образуются кратеры, а жидкость содержит синтезируемые микро- наночастцы. Таким образом, в работе впервые экспериментально продемонстрирована возможность использования лазера на Nd3+:YAG/Cr4+:YAG керамике для обработки поверхности материала и получения наноразмерных частиц на примере абляции нержавеющей стали AISI 304 в жидкости. Полученные в работе результаты могут быть интересны для решения задач технологической микрообработки материалов и получения частиц различной дисперстности.

This paper presents the results of studying laser generation on a domestically produced composite element made of Nd3+:YAG/Cr4+:YAG ceramics. The composite element obtained by reactive sintering of a mixture of oxide powders consists of two parts – an Nd3+:YAG active medium and a Cr4+:YAG passive laser shutter. In the passive Q-switching mode, generation of radiation with an average power of 4.2 W was realized. The pulse duration and repetition rate were 4.6 ns and 68.5 kHz, respectively. Using the laser under study, the process of interaction of laser radiation with AISI 304 stainless steel in air and liquid environments was realized in the work. As a result of laser action, craters are formed on the surface of the material, and the liquid contains synthesized micro- and nanoparticles. Thus, the work has experimentally demonstrated for the first time the possibility of using a laser on Nd3+:YAG/Cr4+:YAG ceramics for processing the surface of a material and obtaining nanosized particles using the example of ablation of AISI 304 stainless steel in liquid. The results obtained in the work may be of interest for solving problems of technological microprocessing of materials and obtaining particles of various dispersions.
КРАТКИЙ ОБЗОР МЕТОДОВ ИНТЕНСИФИКАЦИИ СУШИЛЬНО-ТЕРМИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ В УСТАНОВКАХ С ПСЕВДООЖИЖЕННЫМ СЛОЕМ И ЕГО МОДИФИКАЦИЯМИ
Authors: Василишин М.С. , Иванов О.С. , Карпов А.Г.
Published: January 2025

Выполнен анализ современных методов интенсификации технологических режимов в сушильных установках с псевдоожиженным слоем и его модификациями. Рассмотрена структура методов, включающая комплексные и декомпозиционные способы воздействия на ход процесса. Отмечено, что базовой основой методов интенсификации является использование тепловых и гидродинамических режимов обработки дисперсного материала за счёт внешних физических воздействий и аппаратурно-конструкторских решений. Показано, что наибольшей эффективностью обладают комбинированные способы сушки, использующие различные варианты подвода тепла к обрабатываемому материалу. Анализ методов интенсификации тепло- и массообмена при сушке в псевдоожиженном слое показал, что они могут быть реализованы только при наличии определённого гидродинамического режима в аппарате. Приведены примеры использования активных гидродинамических режимов в перспективных образцах сушильно-термического оборудования.

The analysis of modern methods of an intensification of technological regimes in drying setups with a fluidized bed and its modifications is made. The structure of methods including complex and decomposition ways of affecting on a course of process is observed. It is noted, that a basis of an intensification methods is use of thermal and hydrodynamic regimes of processing of a disperse material for the account of external physical affecting and hardware-design solutions. It is shown, that the greatest efficiency the combined ways of drying using various alternatives of a heat input to the processed material possess. The analysis of an intensification methods heat- and a mass transfer at drying in a fluidized bed has shown, that they can be realized only in the presence of a certain hydrodynamic regime in the apparatus. Instances of use of active hydrodynamic regimes in perspective samples of the drying-thermal equipment are resulted.
НЕУСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ГРАНИЦЫ ЖИДКОГО ДИЭЛЕКТРИКА ВБЛИЗИ ЭЛЕКТРОДОВ С ВЫСОКИМ НАПРЯЖЕНИЕМ
Authors: Пальчиков Е.И. , Тарасов А.Е.
Published: January 2025

Предложены модели для описания и оценки поведения границы раздела масло-воздух вблизи погруженного металлического острия с малым радиусом закругления при подаче на остриё высокого напряжения. Экспериментально измерены пороги возникновения ионизации вблизи острия, и начало возникновения струй (фонтанов) масла над границей масло-воздух. Соответственно 2000 В и 20000-24000 В в случае острия с радиусом закругления 0,1 мм, что неплохо согласуется с предложенными моделями. Замечена сильная неустойчивость струй, исходящих от острия, по-видимому, связанная с большой концентрацией объёмных зарядов в масле. В диапазоне от 2000 В до 10000 В наблюдается свечение на конце острия, течения внутри сосуда в виде струй жидкости вокруг острия и волнение поверхности без возникновения фонтанов над границей. Впервые обнаружено, что струя (фонтан) над границей может возникать непосредственно от поверхности самой диэлектрической жидкости на заметном расстоянии от заостренного электрода.

Models are proposed to describe and evaluate the behavior of the oil-air interface near a submerged metal tip with a small radius of curvature when high voltage is applied to the tip. The thresholds of ionization occurrence near the tip and the onset of oil jets (fountains) above the oil-air interface have been measured experimentally. Accordingly, the thresholds are 2000 V and 20000-24000 V in the case of a tip with a radius of curvature of 0.1 mm, which agrees quite well with the proposed models. A strong instability of the jets coming from the tip was observed, apparently related to the large concentration of volume charges in the oil. In the range from 2000 V to 10000 V, a glow at the end of the tip, currents inside the vessel in the form of jets of liquid around the tip and surface excitement without the appearance of fountains above the boundary are observed. For the first time it was found that the jet (fountain) above the boundary can arise directly from the surface of the dielectric liquid itself at a noticeable distance from the pointed electrode..
СДВОЕННЫЙ ОДНОКООРДИНАТНЫЙ СФЕРИЧЕСКИЙ ДАТЧИК НАПРЯЖЕННОСТИ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО ПОЛЯ С ШЕСТЬЮ ДВУУГОЛЬНЫМИ СФЕРИЧЕСКИМИ ЭЛЕКТРОДАМИ
Authors: Бирюков С.В.
Published: January 2025

Исследуется сдвоенный однокоординатный сферический датчик напряженности электрического поля. Разработка таких датчиков актуальна, так, как направлена на экологическую безопасность обслуживающего персонала линий электропередачи и подстанций высокого и сверхвысокого напряжения промышленной частоты. Датчик основан на физическом явлении «электрическая индукция» и состоит из проводящей сферы радиуса R и шести проводящих электродов в форме сферических двуугольников, расположенных изолированно от её поверхности. При определенном выборе угловых размеров сферических двуугольников сдвоенный датчик обладает малой погрешностью от неоднородности поля и широким пространственным диапазоном измерения. При построении сдвоенного датчика из его электродов формируются чувствительные элементы двух двойных датчиков. Чувствительные элементы разделяются на три диаметрально противоположные пары. Одна пара электродов, представляет чувствительные элементы первого двойного датчика. Электроды этой пары выполняются с угловыми размерами a0=900 и b0=300. Чувствительные элементы второго двойного датчика организованы из трех пар таких же электродов, в сумме составляющих полусферу с угловыми размерами a0=900 и b0=900. Указанные угловые размеры электродов сдвоенного датчика обеспечиваю ему знакопеременную погрешность, не превышающую ±0,35 % и пространственный диапазон измерения 0<a£0,5, что соответствует минимальному расстоянию до источника поля d=2R.

A dual single-coordinate spherical electric field strength sensor is investigated. The development of such sensors is relevant, as it is aimed at the environmental safety of service personnel of power transmission lines and substations of high and ultra-high voltage industrial frequency. The sensor is based on the physical phenomenon of "electric induction" and consists of a conductive sphere of radius R and six conductive electrodes in the form of spherical digons located insulated from its surface. With a certain choice of angular dimensions of the spherical digons, the dual sensor has a small error from field inhomogeneity and a wide spatial measurement range. When constructing a dual sensor, sensitive elements of two dual sensors are formed from its electrodes. The sensitive elements are divided into three diametrically opposite pairs. One pair of electrodes represents the sensitive elements of the first dual sensor. The electrodes of this pair are made with angular dimensions a0=900 and b0=300. The sensitive elements of the second dual sensor are organized from three pairs of the same electrodes, which together form a hemisphere with angular dimensions a0=900 and b0=900. The specified angular dimensions of the electrodes of the dual sensor provide it with an alternating error not exceeding ±0.35% and a spatial measurement range of 0<a£0.5, which corresponds to a minimum distance to the field source of d=2R.
The Use of Show and Tell Method to Teach English Speaking Skill
Authors: Sela Sela , Rosnija Eni , Wardah Wardah
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the shadow and tell method in teaching English-speaking skills to eighth-grade students. Using the Show and Tell method, students are given the opportunity to explain an item that is engaging in increasing their interest in practicing speaking in class. A pre-experimental research design was used with one group pre-test and post-test involving 30 students. The sample was chosen by applying cluster random sampling technique. The data of students’ achievement in speaking were collected through pre-test and post-test. These data were quantitatively analyzed, and the results showed that the t-test was higher than the t-table, and the effect size score indicated that the Show and Tell method had a strong effect. The results revealed that the Show and Tell method can be used to teach students’ English-speaking skills. Using objects such as photos and people, the researcher found that students were engaged in speaking English because they were using things they enjoyed, such as classroom items, classmates, or favorite animals. As a result, teaching English speaking skill to students through the Show and Tell method can be enjoyable.
Designing A Booklet of Local Folktales to Support Junior High School Students English Extensive Reading Activity
Authors: Kasangke Gaela , Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin , Suhartono Luwandi
Published: January 2025

This research was aimed to design a booklet of local folktales to support junior high school ninth grade students English extensive reading activities as well as to help them to reach their reading objectives in classroom with the related reading topic. This research was a subject of an English teacher. The method used for this research was development research that used the first three phases of the ADDIE instructional model, namely the analysis, design, and development phases. We conducted the first interview, followed by documentation and observation to gather the data and used experts’ recommendations and descriptive analysis to analyze the data. In the analysis phase, as the preliminary process of the research, we collected the data through interviews, documentation, and observation. In the design phase, we began to design a draft of the product. In the development phase, we started to develop a draft of the local folktales booklet followed by an internal evaluation. According to the findings of the research, it was indicated that the local folktales booklet was appropriate and able to support the students’ English extensive reading activities as well as to be their supplementary reading material product to be used in the classroom.
Motivational Factors Influencing English Learning Among Students at Université Catholique De Bukavu: A Self-Determination Perspective
Authors: Baha Laurent Mutegheki
Published: January 2025

Despite the importance of English proficiency for global opportunities, students at the Université Catholique de Bukavu face unique challenges in language learning motivation. This study addresses this research gap by examining motivational factors influencing English learning among these students through the lens of Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Using a descriptive quantitative design, 100 randomly selected first-year students from diverse faculty completed a questionnaire adapted from the Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMTB). The findings revealed that career prospects and effective communication with diverse groups serve as primary motivators, while moderate levels of perceived autonomy and competence have been reported. Sociocultural and economic challenges unique to Bukavu, such as limited exposure to English speakers and scarce learning resources, were found to influence these motivational factors. The results emphasize the need for educational strategies that increase autonomy, foster competence and support self-directed learning. These insights contribute to understanding how motivational dynamics interact with socio-cultural factors in non-English-speaking regions and offer practical recommendations for enhancing English language education
Penerapan Teknik Collaborative Writing (CW) terhadap Peningkatan Emotional Intelligence (EI)
Authors: Rahmani Eka Fajar
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the implementation of collaborative writing technique in developing emotional intelligence of students. The participants are students of Sekolah Tinggi Bahasa Inggris Pontianak who took Essay Writing and Literary Criticism class. This study employs qualitative methodology with a questionnaire to collect the intended data referring to the five domains of emotional intelligence suggested by Goleman (1996) and Serrat (2017), namely self-awareness, self-regulation, self-motivation, social awareness, and social skills. The results of the data analysis indicated that collaborative writing technique is indeed helpful in developing the students’ emotional intelligence indicated by the improvements of each emotional intelligence domain from meeting 1 to meeting 3.
PERSEPSI GURU KIMIA DI KALIMANTAN BARAT TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN SOCIO SCIENTIFIC ISSUES (SSI) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA
Authors: Widad Saninah , Rahayu* Sri , Munzil Munzil
Published: January 2025

This research aims to investigate the perceptions and experiences of chemistry teachers in West Kalimantan regarding the use of socio-scientific issues (SSI) in teaching. The research design employs a survey method with a participant sample of 30 teachers.. The results show that the majority of teachers express a positive attitude toward SSI-based learning as a tool to enhance students' interest, problem-solving abilities, and the relevance of chemistry materials to current social issues. Identified challenges include limited initial understanding of SSI, students' lack of literacy, and difficulties in motivating students to engage. Teachers feel the need for the development of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) contextualized with SSI in chemistry teaching to stimulate high-level thinking skills in students. These findings emphasize the importance of teacher training, the development of relevant teaching materials, and a student-centered approach as strategies to address challenges and enhance the effectiveness of SSI teaching in chemistry classrooms.Keywords: Chemistry teachers, socio-scientific issues, higher-order thinking skills (HOTS)AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti persepsi dan pengalaman guru kimia di Kalimantan Barat terhadap penggunaan isu-isu sosiosains (SSI) dalam pembelajaran. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode survey dengan jumlah partisipan 30 guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar guru mengungkapkan sikap positif terhadap pembelajaran SSI sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan minat siswa, kemampuan penyelesaian masalah, dan relevansi materi kimia dengan isu-isu sosial aktual. Kendala yang diidentifikasi meliputi pemahaman awal yang terbatas tentang SSI, kurangnya literasi siswa, serta tantangan dalam memotivasi siswa untuk terlibat. Guru merasa diperlukan pengembangan soal HOTS berkonteks SSI dalam pembelajaran kimia untuk merangsang keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya pelatihan guru, pengembangan bahan ajar yang relevan, dan pendekatan kelas berpusat pada siswa sebagai strategi untuk mengatasi kendala dan meningkatkan efektivitas pengajaran SSI di kelas kimia. Kata Kunci: guru kimia, isu-isu sosiosains, keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi (HOTS)
UNLOCKING COMMUNICATION DYNAMICS: ILLOCUTIONARY SPEECH ACTS ANALYSIS IN THE “KOS MAS ADAM” WHATSAPP GROUP
Authors: Lusianto Feri , Prasetyo Yudy , Sari Endah Alam
Published: January 2025

This study explores the dynamics of speech acts within communication processes, with a focus on Searle’s classification of illocutionary acts into five categories: assertive, referential, commissive, expressive, and declarative. It aims to provide a descriptive overview of illocutionary acts in the “Kos Mas Adam” WhatsApp group and identify their prevalence. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data analysis utilized heuristic analysis techniques. The study reveals various illocutionary speech acts in the group discussions, with assertive speech being the most common (9 data), followed by expressive (12 data) and directive (4 data). Notably, commissive speech is scarce, with only one instance, and declarative with two. These findings underscore the uneven distribution of illocutionary acts within the WhatsApp group “Kos Mas Adam”, with implications for understanding online discourse dynamics. Future research may explore strategies for promoting a more balanced use of illocutionary speech acts in online group interactions.
IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP PENGELOLAAN BOP KESETARAAN DI PKBM TUNAS HARAPAN SALATIGA
Authors: Muflikah Muflikah , Wuryandini Endang , Nurkolis Nurkolis
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi prinsip efisiensi, prinsip efektif, prinsip transparansi dan prinsip akuntabilitas pengelolaan  BOP Kesetaraan Paket C di PKBM Tunas Harapan Salatiga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) implementasi prinsip efisiensi pengelolaan BOP Kesetaraan sudah baik, dilihat dari  mempertimbangkan capaian prestasi siswa, BOP Kesetaraan sangat berpengaruh dengan kualitas layanan dalam pendidikan kesetaraan , Dana BOP sesuai dengan kebutuhan sekolah, Sekolah sudah membuat RKAS,  pemanfaatan penggunaan dana BOP Kesetaraan sudah sesuai dengan RKAS, sudah melakukan  proses pelaporan dana BOP Kesetaraan dengan baik. (2) implementasi prinsip efisiensi pengelolaan BOP Kesetaraan Paket C di PKBM Tunas Harapan Salatiga sudah dilakukan tepat waktu dan pelaksanaan pembelanjaan sudah sesuai dengan RKAS. (3) implementasi prinsip transparansi pengelolaan BOP Kesetaraan Paket C sudah dilakukan secara transparan, (4) implementasi prinsip akuntabilitas pengelolaan BOP Kesetaraan Paket C sudah dilakukan secara akuntabel hal ini dilihat sudah melakukan pembelanjaan melalui aplikasi SIPLah, kesesuaian pembelanjaan dengan RKAS, membuat laporan pertanggungjawaban penggunaan Dana BOP Kesetaraan berupa BKU, BKT, Buku Pembantu Bank, Buku Pembantu pajak, Laporan Realisasi penggunaan BOP.
PEMBELAJARAN NARASI MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DI KELAS VII SMPN 20 KOTA SINGKAWANG
Authors: Martono Martono , Tri Handayani Natalia Hesty
Published: January 2025

The scientific learning approach is a learning process designed by teachers so that students are active in constructing procedures and principles through the steps of a scientific approach. The research looked at the implementation of narrative learning using a scientific approach at SMPN 20 Singkawang including: planning, implementation, and learning outcomes for writing narratives. Qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection techniques: observation, interviews, and documents. Research results: (a) lesson planning for first meeting 8.17, second meeting 8.20 (b) implementation of learning for first meeting 8.50, implementation of learning for second meeting 8.60, (c) learning outcomes: KD 3.3= 88.5; KD 4.3=82.5