bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Student Teachers of English Listening Fluency Level: A Preliminary Research
Authors: Rozak Refi Ranto , Shaleh Mursid , Bharati Dwi Anggani Linggar , Sutopo Djoko
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough listening comprehension remains a widely acknowledged tool for assessing and evaluating student teachers’ achievement in mostly Indonesian initial teacher education (ITE) context, the issue of listening fluency (LF) as one of the four strands of well-balanced language course has not received scholarly attention. However, in fact, LF is important for developing their automatic aural processing on authentic exposures. In response to this gap, this article discussed the result of LF test via graded serial news stories in normal speech rates to 60 English student teachers of a private ITE institution in the northern part of East Java Province, Indonesia, to examine their LF levels. Additionally, various responses of LF experience, massive spoken texts experience, spoken features inhibition, and LF instruction evaluative feedbacks were garnered as additional qualitative data via interview responses at the end of the research as well. The data obtained were then tabulated, categorized, and analyzed. The finding of the research mainly found that, on average, their LF score was 66. It reveals that their LF level was under the normal speech rate required in longer aural texts found in real-life listening. The findings may raise the awareness of possibility including LF in the prescribed listening curriculum for training student teachers’ language proficiency.  AbstrakWalaupun pemahaman menyimak secara luas dikenal sebagai alat penilaian dan evaluasi prestasi mahasiswa calon guru di hampir semua institusi pendidikan calon guru di Indonesia, isu kelancaran menyimak sebagai salah satu dari empat pilar program bahasa yang berimbang belum secara ilmiah mendapat perhatian. Meskipun demikian, kelancaran menyimak dirasa penting untuk mengembangkan proses pemahaman teks lesan otentik secara otomatis. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini memaparkan hasil tes menyimak via teks lesan berita serial berjenjang dalam tingkat kecepatan normal terhadap 60 mahasiswa calon guru bahasa Inggris di sebuah institusi keguruan di bagian utara Provinsi Jawa Timur untuk menguji tingkat kelancaran menyimak mereka. Selain itu, beragam respons pengalaman mahasiswa tentangkelancaran menyimak, pengalaman menyimak teks lesan masif, hambatan-hambatan dalam bahasa lesan, dan umpan balik evaluatif terkait pengajaran kelancaran menyimak dikumpulkan sebagai data kualitatif melalui wawancara di akhir penelitian. Data yang telah diperoleh kemudian ditabulasi, dikategorisasi, dan dianalisa. Temuan utama penelitian ini adalah kelancaran menyimak mahsiswa calon guru bahasa Inggris rata-rata masih rendah, yaitu sebesar 66. Hal ini berarti tingkat kelancaran menyimak mereka masih di bawah tingkat kecepatan normal yang dipersyaratkan dalam memahami teks lesan panjang dalam situasi menyimak sehari-hari. Temuan ini menumbuhkan kesadaran akan kemungkinan memasukkan kelancaran menyimak dalam kurikulum menyimak untuk melatih kemahiran berbahasa mahasiswa calon guru bahasa Inggris.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Model Penemuan Terbimbing (Discovery Learning) pada Materi Trigonometri
Authors: Wigati Endang Sri
Published: February 2020

In teacher centered learning process, students only listen and receive what the teacher teaches, so that students become pasive because students are not invited to be directly involved in learning, this is contrary to the 2013 curriculum, that is centered on students. One of alternative to change that learning is discovery learning model. The purpose of this research is to produce a good learning tools and the effectiveness of appropriate mathematics learning with a discovery learning. This research uses the Thiagarajan development model, which consists of four stages of development, that is defining, designing, developing and distributing. The tools to be developed in this research include planning study, student’s paper, and learning achievement test. The research subject are students of class X  MIPA 3 of SMAN 1 Bojonegoro. The results of this research is: (1) learning tools with discovery learning are good, because the resulting learning tools is a valid based on expert validation, practical and effective. Learning tools produced are planning study, student’s paper, and learning achievement test. (2) Based on the criteria for achieving the effectiveness of mathematics learning with discovery learning, it can be concluded that mathematics learning with discovery learning  is effective for the trigonometry material.Keyword: Discovery Learning, TrigonometryAbstrakDalam proses pembelajarannya terpusat pada guru, Peserta didik hanya mendengarkan dan menerima yang guru ajarkan, sehingga Peserta didik menjadi pasif karena Peserta didik tidak diajak terlibat langsung dalam pembelajaran, hal ini bertentangan dengan kurikulum 2013 yaitu pembelajaran berpusat pada peserta didik. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengubah pembelajaran tersebut yakni dengan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan suatu perangkat pembelajaran yang baik dan efektivitas pembelajaran matematika yang tepat dengan model penemuan terbimbing. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan Thiagarajan, yang terdiri dari 4 tahap pengembangan yaitu pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan dan penyebaran. Perangkat yang akan dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini antara lain RPP, LAS, dan PHB. Subjek Penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X MIPA 3 SMAN 1 Bojonegoro. Hasil penelitian diperoleh simpulan sebagai berikut: (1) perangkat pembelajaran dengan penemuan terbimbing yang baik, karena perangkat pembelajaran yang dihasilkan adalah perangkat pembelajaran yang valid berdasarkan validasi ahli, praktis dan efektif. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dihasilkan adalah RPP, LAS dan PHB. (2) Berdasarkan kriteria pencapaian efektivitas pembelajaran matematika dengan model penemuan terbimbing, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika dengan model penemuan terbimbing efektif untuk materi rumus-rumus trigonometri
Pengembangan E-Book Teori Ekonomi Mikro pada Pembelajaran Berbasis Blended Learning Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi IKIP Budi Utomo Malang
Authors: Prasetyo Novi Eko , Rakhmadian Miftah , Purwati Titik
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The micro-economics e-book is one of source of learning for students of economics education program of IKIP Budi Utomo, Malang. The purpose of this e-book is to reconstruct the concepts between the theory and practice presented in each subject matter. The research method used in this research is research and development. This research use the Instructional Design Dick and Carey model. This e-book material consists of 7 subject matters. The results of this study showed that as many as 57 students selected to conduct the assessment gave a 96% value with "excellent" criteria. In the assessment of material experts using a linear scale of 1 to 5, this e-book received a score of 5 in the "very good" category, while the results of the assessment of media experts using a linear scale of 1 to 5 received a score of 4 in the "feasible" category. Keywords: microeconomics e-book, blanded learning Abstrak. E-book ilmu ekonomi mikro merupakan salah satu sumber belajar bagi mahasiswa program studi pendidikan ekonomi IKIP Budi Utomo Malang. Tujuan e-book ini adalah untuk merekonstruksi konsep antara teori dan praktek yang disajikan dalam setiap pokok bahasan materi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan model adalah Instructional Design Dick and Carey. Materi e-book ini terdiri dari 7 pokok pembahasan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebanyak 57 mahasiswa yang dipilih untuk melakukan penilaian memberikan nilali 96% dengan kreteria “sangat baik”. Pada penilaian dari ahli materi dengan menggunakan skala linier 1s/d 5, e-book ini memperoleh nilai 5 dengan kategori “sangat baik”, sedangkan hasil penilaian dari ahli media menggunakan skala linier 1 s/d 5 mendapatkan nilai 4 dengan kategori “layak”.   Kata kunci: e-book ekonomi mikro, blanded learning.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Discovery Learning yang Terintegrasi Pendidikan Karakter dalam Pelajaran Biologi
Authors: Sekarwati Anis
Published: February 2020

Abstract: The Background of this Classroom Action Research is the low motivation and student learning outcomes. This Classroom Action Research aims to find out the increased motivation and learning outcomes of students through Discovery Learning learning that integrates character education in learning biology on the subject of Living Classification. The design of this study is Classroom Action Research, consisting of 2 cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. Each cycle consists of 3 meetings. This research approach is qualitative. The data analysis method is descriptive for both qualitative and quantitative data. The results showed that: 1) student learning motivation increased from cycle I by 75.40% to 81.59% in cycle II. 2) student learning outcomes increased from cycle I by 77.14% of students who completed learning increased to 88.57% in cycle II. Based on the data above that learning Discovery Learning model that is integrated with character education can increase student motivation and learning outcomes. The increase in the percentage of learning outcomes from cycle I to cycle II was 11.43% and the increase in learning motivation from cycle I to cycle II was 6.19%. Keyword: Motivation, Discovery learning, character education. Abstrak: Latar belakang Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini adalah rendahnya motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar peserta didik melalui pembelajaran Discovery Learning yang terintegrasi pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran biologi pokok bahasan Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup. Desain Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, terdiri atas 2 siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Setiap siklus terdiri dari 3 kali pertemuan. Pendekatan Penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Metode analisis datanya adalah deskriptif baik untuk data kualitatif maupun data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) motivasi belajar siswa meningkat dari siklus I sebesar 75,40% menjadi 81,59% pada siklus II. 2) hasil belajar siswa meningkat dari siklus I sebesar 77,14% siswa yang tuntas belajar meningkat menjadi 88,57% pada siklus II. Berdasarkan data-data diatas bahwa pembelajaran model Discovery Learning yang terintegrasi pendidikan karakter dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Kenaikan prosentase hasil belajar dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 11,43% dan kenaikan motivasi belajar dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 6,19%. Kata kunci: Motivasi, Discovery Learning, Pendidikan karakter
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Motivasi Guru dan Karyawan
Authors: Sukiyanto Sukiyanto , Maulidah Tsalitsatul
Published: February 2020

Abstract: To achieve high levels of performance, it depends on a variety of influence factors. There are at least six external factors that determine an employee's performance level, namely: (a) environment, (b) management behavior, (c) position design, (d) level of education, (e) training, (f) motivation and (g) administration Remuneration. The purpose of this research was to determine the principal's leadership style and organizational culture on the motivation of teachers and employees. With a total population of 150 people, this study used quantitative research methods. The focus of this research is to measure variables. The procedure of this research emphasizes theories through the measurement of variables. By using the path analysis included in the multivariate model with the Amos version 5.0 program. The sampling technique are used in this research is a random method, where the samples taken were 60 people. This reseach00 uses a survey approach that examines by taking samples from a population using a questionnaire to collect data. Based on the results of the research , it can be concluded that the Principal's leadership style affects the Work Motivation of Teachers and employees, and organizational culture has a significant positive effect on organizational performance and employee job satisfaction. Keyword: Organizational culture, Leadership style, Motivation Abstrak: Untuk mencapai tingkat kinerja yang tinggi, sangat bergantung pada berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi. Setidaknya ada enam faktor eksternal yang menentukan tingkat kinerja seseorang pegawai yaitu: (a) lingkungan, (b) perilaku manajemen, (c) design jabatan, (d) jenjang pendidikan, (e) pelatihan, (f) motivasi dan (g) administrasi pengupahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan budaya organisasi terhadap motivasi guru dan karyawan. Dengan jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 150 orang Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Fokus penelitian ini untuk mengukur antar variabel. Prosedur penelitian ini menekankan pada teori-teori yang melalui pengukuran variabel. Dengan menggunakan path analysis yang termasuk dalam model multivariate dengan program Amos versi 5.0. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode  random, dimana sampel yang diambil adalah 60 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan survey yang meneliti dengan mengambil sampel dari suatu populasi dengan menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengumpulkan data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah berpengaruh terhadap Motivasi Kerja Guru dan karyawan, dan budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap kinerja organisasi dan kepuasan kerja karyawan. Kata kunci: Budaya organisasi, Gaya kepemimpinan, Motivasi.
Skin Diseases in Patients with Primary Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Mavrogiorgou Paraskevi , Mersmann Corinna , Gerlach Gabriele , Herpertz Stephan , Juckel Georg
Published: February 2020

Objective The few psychodermatological studies of primary psychiatric populations so far suggest that parasitic-infectious skin diseases are the most common dermatological comorbidity in more than 70% of psychiatric patients, which should be studied here in a large data bank outside dermatological treatment facilities.Methods In a descriptive-explorative and retrospective study, more than 17,000 patients with primary psychiatric disorders were examined to investigate dermatological comorbidities.Results The proportion of patients with primary mental disorders and additional dermatological disease was 1.24% (n=212). Here, psoriasis (35.4%) and atopic dermatitis (22.6%) were the most frequent dermatological diseases among these 212 patients. Infectious-parasitic skin diseases were present in 13.2% of comorbid patients. The most common mental disorder was a depressive illness, seen in 42.5% (n=90) of patients.Conclusion Our results confirmed the frequent association of depression with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, indicating the need for the early detection and treatment of such comorbid patients. In contrast, psychiatric inpatients do not appear to suffer from predominantly infectious-parasitic dermatoses.
Defining Treatment Response, Remission, Relapse, and Recovery in First-Episode Psychosis: A Survey among Korean Experts
Authors: Lee Bong Ju , Kim Sung-Wan , Kim Jung Jin , Yu Je-Chun , Lee Kyu Young , Won Seung-Hee , Lee Seung-Hwan , Kim Seung-Hyun , Kang Shi Hyun , Kim Euitae , Kim Kunhyung , Piao Yang Hong , Chung Young-Chul
Published: February 2020

Objective For the proper treatment of first-episode psychosis, assessment of treatment response, remission, relapse, and recovery is important. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop operational definitions of clinical outcomes in first-episode psychosis.Methods A questionnaire was developed by a panel of experts and underwent three revisions. The final survey was presented to 150 psychiatrists who were members of the Korean Society for Schizophrenia Research. Respondents selected factors that they believed were important to consider while defining treatment response, remission, relapse, and recovery using a 6-point Likert scale. Selected factors that constituted each definition were statistically extracted, and operational definitions were developed.Results A total of 91 experts responded to the survey. The extent of reduction in psychopathology, socio-occupational functioning, and duration of each state were the core factors of each definition. Outcomes obtained from discussions and consultations by experts have been summarized and proposed.Conclusion The criteria developed in this survey tended to be somewhat stricter than those used by other studies. The fundamental reason for this is that this survey focused on first-episode psychosis. A better understanding of each definition in first-episode psychosis is necessary to improve effective treatment outcomes.
Detection of Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus in a Mouse Vivarium Using an Exhaust Air Dust Health Monitoring Program
Authors: Luchins Kerith R , Mailhiot Darya , Theriault Betty R , Langan George P
Published: February 2020

Lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus (LDV) continues to be one of the most common contaminants of cells and cell byproducts. As such, many institutions require that tumor cell lines, blood products, and products derived or passaged in rodent tissues are free of LDV as well as other
pathogens that are on institutional exclusion lists prior to their use in rodents. LDV is difficult to detect by using a live-animal sentinel health monitoring program because the virus does not reliably pass to sentinel animals. After switching to an exhaust air dust health monitoring system,
our animal resources center was able to detect a presumably long-standing LDV infection in a mouse colony. This health monitoring system uses IVC rack exhaust air dust collection media in conjunction with PCR analysis. Ultimately, the source of the contamination was identified as multiple
LDV-positive patient-derived xenografts and multiple LDV-positive breeding animals. This case study is the first to demonstrate the use of environmental PCR testing as a method for detecting LDV infection in a mouse vivarium.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN AKUNTANSI DAN PENGALAMAN USAHA TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN USAHA DAN PENGGUNAAN INFORMASI AKUNTANSI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (Kajian Empiris Pada Pelaku Usaha Kecil dan Menengah di Kelurahan Tanjung Rejo Kecamatan Medan Sunggal)
Authors: Tambunan Formaida
Published: February 2020

This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of accounting knowledge and experience effort towards the development of a mediation effort with the use of accounting information on the perpetrators of the UKM. Research conducted in the village of Tanjung Rejo Medan Sunggal in 2019.This research is quantitative research associate. Population and sample of this research is 40 principals with UKM error rate of 5%. Types and sources of data that dikumulkan is quantitative data and secondary data by analyzing the use test, test the normality assumption linieritas and using path analysis. The conclusions of the results of this study are: 1) influential accounting knowledge against the use of accounting information, whereas business experience has no effect against the use of accounting information accounting knowledge, 2) knowledge of accounting and business experience a positive effect towards enterprise development, and 3) accounting knowledge and business experience have indirect influence through the use of accounting information to the development effort.
Examining the effectiveness of language-switching practice for reducing cross-language competition in L2 grammatical processing
Authors: McManus Kevin
Published: February 2020

This study examined the extent to which language-switching practice enhanced L2 learners’ L2 grammatical processing by improving language selection abilities. Thirty-six English-speaking learners of French completed the same language-switching practice of L1 and L2 sentences, but received different types of pre-practice explicit information (EI) designed to address L2 learning difficulties resulting from crosslinguistic influence: one group (n = 17) received EI about English-French differences for viewpoint aspect, and a second group (n = 19) received EI about viewpoint aspect in French only. This design investigated the extent to which pre-practice linguistic knowledge moderated the effectiveness of the language-switching practice. Longitudinal analyses showed that increasing amounts of practice improved language selection abilities (increased accuracy, reduced reaction time costs), but only for learners who received EI about L1-L2 differences. These findings that language-switching was moderated by type of pre-practice EI have important implications for theories of L2 learning and instruction
The Role of Muslim Identity in Predicting Violent Behavioural Intentions to Defend Muslims
Authors: Obaidi Milan
Published: February 2020

A sense of shared Muslim suffering seems to play a key role in uniting Muslims around the world. Therefore, in the current paper we hypothesized that the social psychological underpinnings of Islamist extremism would be similar for Muslims living in the West and Muslims living in countries with prolonged and ongoing exposure to Western-led military interventions. Across four studies among Muslims in Pakistan and Afghanistan (Ns = 425, 402 and 127) and Muslims living in 20 Western countries (N = 366), we examined a path model, in which group-based anger mediated the link between Muslim identification, perceived injustice of Western military and foreign policy, and violent behavior intentions. Our results indicate that regardless of whether Muslims live in places with prolonged and ongoing experience of Western military interventions, or not, the social psychological factors predicting violent Islamist extremism appear to be similar. We discuss implications for future theory and research.
The Evolutionary Psychology of Mass Mobilization: How Disinformation and Demagogues Coordinate Rather Than Manipulate
Authors: Petersen Michael Bang
Published: February 2020

Large-scale mobilization is often accompanied by the emergence of demagogic leaders and the circulation of unverified rumors, especially if the mobilization happens in support of violent or disruptive projects. In those circumstances, researchers and commentators frequently explain the mobilization as a result of mass manipulation. Against this view, evolutionary psychologists have provided evidence that human psychology contains mechanisms for avoiding manipulation and new studies suggest that political manipulation attempts are, in general, ineffective. Instead, we can understand decisions to follow demagogic leaders and circulate fringe rumors as attempts to solve a social problem inherent to mobilization processes: The coordination problem. Essentially, these decisions reflect attempts to align the attention of individuals already disposed for conflict.
The Road to the UCI: Profiling a professional Brazilian female road cycling team
Authors: Barreto Gabriel , de Oliveira Luana Farias , Saito Tiemi , Klosterhoff Rafael , Perim Pedro , Dolan Eimear , Pereira Rosa Maria R. , Campos-Ferraz Patrícia , Lima Fernanda R. , Saunders Bryan
Published: February 2020

Women’s professional cycling has grown exponentially in popularity in the past years and it has been no different in Brazil. In 2019 the first Brazilian female cycling team achieved UCI ranking status. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of data regarding the seasonal demands that these athletes encounter. This semi-observational study monitored 5 athletes from a Brazilian professional female cycling team throughout their 2018 season, obtaining training and competition data, laboratory-based physiological and performance measures, and clinical and nutritional analyses. Total distance covered over the year was 11124±2895 km (range: 7382 to 14698 km). The athletes competed in 58 races across 5 countries and 3 out of the 5 athletes sustained injuries at different moments throughout the season. Maximal oxygen uptake was reduced over the season (P=0.005), but Wingate and 4-km time-trial performance was unaltered (all P>0.05). All athletes were healthy at the start of the season as demonstrated by the clinical analyses, while all reported regular menstrual cycles; three of the five athletes were taking oral contraceptives. Immunological and haematological parameters were maintained throughout the season and there were few reported cases of infection. Nutritional and stress markers remained largely unchanged throughout the season, although testosterone levels were low for some at various moments. Mean estimated energy availability (EEA) ranged from 32.3 to 56.8 kcal·kgLBM-1·day-1 during training and from 26.4 to 53.8 kcal·kgLBM-1·day-1 during competition. The percent of training spent in optimal EEA was generally low, with three athletes spending less than 35% within the optimal intake. Bone mineral density total body Z-scores ranged from -0.6 to 0.5. Training and competition schedules of these professional Brazilian female cyclists were like those of female World Tour cyclists. Reduced exercise capacity towards the end of the season may be indicative of a gruelling year-long schedule and several of the athletes may have been exposed to sub-optimal energy availability during the season, potentially affecting testosterone levels in several athletes. No further alterations in the hormonal profile, menstrual cycle or incidences of infection were shown. These data demonstrate the complexity of professional female cycling and further longitudinal studies on top-level female cyclists are warranted.
Antimicrobial Studies of Schiff's Base Ligands and Their Oxovanadium (IV) Complexes
Authors: Mandal L. K. , Pandey S K , Sharma M. L.
Published: February 2020

Available with full text.
Field Verification Trial of ND I-2 Vaccine in Nepal
Authors: Acharya M. P. , Adhikari S. K. , Awasthi H. , Jha A. , Singh U. M.
Published: February 2020

A study was conducted to assess the overall performance of ND I-2 vaccine in Nepalese context to prevent Newcastle disease (ND) particularly in backyard chicken. The experimental studies were conducted at Animal Health Research Division (AHRD), NARC and field verification were carried out in different eco-zones of the country. Experiments were divided in three segments: evaluation of thermostability, longevity and field verification trial in backyard chickens. The ND I-2 vaccine was prepared at Central Biological Production Laboratory (CBPL), Tripureshwor. In thermostability evaluation antibody titer and mortality percentage showed that ND I-2 vaccine exposed up to 30°C for seven days was found effective in prevention of Newcastle Disease in village chickens. Evaluation of longevity of immunity showed that till 90 days there was protective immunity against ND and in field trials when vaccine delivered without maintaining cold chain, the vaccine gave protective immunity in mid hills and high hills region but not enough immunity in the terai region where the temperature was above 30° Celsius. This study clearly indicated that thermostable ND I-2 vaccine can be used without cold chain in high hills and mid hills in all seasons and only in winter season in the terai region of Nepal (temp. less than 30°C). In summer season, vaccination in the terai region could not give protective immunity (temp. more than 30°C) without maintaining cold chain.
Toxoplasmosis in Cats and Its Zoonotic Potential in and Around Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus
Authors: Sah R. P. , Talukder Md. H. , Rahman A.K.M. Anisur , Hossain Md B.
Published: February 2020

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease, occurs in almost all warm blooded animals including human beings and is caused by a global protozoan intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. It is estimated that one third of the world human population have been infected by this parasite. This protozoan causes a significant public health problem in humans and imposes considerable economic losses and damages to livestock. The final host is cat, Feliscatus, accounts for all of these significant burdens. Hence the present study was designed to determine the prevalence rate of T. gondii infection in cats and also to analyze the associated factors that were potential for human beings and livestock as well in the period from September 2014 to August 2016. Altogether 254 faecal samples from cat and 390 water samples were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) campus, farm and residential areas of BAU and were examined for presence of T. gondii oocysts at Department of Parasitology, BAU Mymensingh. The overall prevalence of T. gondii was 4.03% (26/644). Presence of T. gondii oocysts in faecal and water samples were 5.5% (14/254) and 3.08% (12/390), respectively. Adult cats had higher (6.7%) prevalence than young cats (3.8%). Summer season was found high prevalence (6.7%) of oocysts in cat faeces. Similarly drain water found higher positivity (6.67%) of oocysts. Therefore, this study concluded that the cats are contaminating the environment by shedding oocysts and then other animals can get the infection from grazing of contaminated grasses and drinking water. So eating undercooked goat, sheep and cattle meat; eating contaminated vegetables and drinking contaminated water are major sources for getting toxoplasmosis to human beings. Hence this disease has great zoonotic importance around BAU campus and therefore it is essential to create public awareness.
Bacterial Assessment of Ready to Eat Sweet (Burfi) Sold in Different Sweet Houses in Narayangadh, Chitwan: A Pilot Study
Authors: Basnet H. B. , Deubanjar M.
Published: February 2020

As a sweet product, burfi is highly esteemed by Nepalese consumer and kept in high priority from the time immemorial. However, the milk and milk products borne outbreaks account for 2 to 6 % of bacterial foodborne outbreaks in several countries. Hence, with an objective to determine the bacterial load of the commercial sweet (burfi) sold in Bharatpur metropolitan city 1, Narayangadh, Chitwan, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Ten sample of ready to eat sweet (Burfi) along with the packaging material were collected purposively from different sweet shops of Bharatpur metropolitan on January 2019. The preparation of samples was done as per Food Microbiology Protocols (2001) and the aerobic colony count (ACC) was determined by spread plate technique using plate count agar. It was found that the aerobic plate count of burfi sample ranges from 9.1×109 to 1.5×1010 CFU/g with an average of 1.2×1010 CFU/g, which is higher than the permissible Standard Plate Count according to Indian Standards Institution (ISI) specification. In conclusion, the high bacterial count in Burfi samples from different sweet shops indicates insufficient hygienic condition duration handling and unhygienic conditions of storage. This may give rise to public health hazard.
Monitoring of Serological Status in Response to PPR Vaccination in the Goat Population of Parbat, Baglung and Myagdi District of Nepal
Authors: Regmi B. , Dhakal I. , Shah M. K. , Pande K. R.
Published: February 2020

Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious trans-boundary animal disease associated with 100% morbidity and 80-90% mortality in goat herds. The study was carried out to assess the immune status against PPRV in unvaccinated and post vaccinated flock as well as immune response as it relates to age, sex and breed using a homologous tissue culture PPR vaccine produced by National Vaccine Production Laboratory, Kathmandu, Nepal. A total 276 blood samples were randomly collected from different regions of Parbat, Baglung and Myagdi districts with a population of 0.0189 million goats. Out of these, 214 goats were vaccinated one month earlier and 62 were unvaccinated. PPR antibody was detected by using competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) (ID Screen, PPR competition test kit, IDvet France). Of the unvaccinated goats, 25.8% (16/62) were sero-positive suggesting prior exposure to PPRV. In the vaccinated goats, 75.2% (161/214) were sero-positive and 2.8% (6/214) animals were doubtful, suggesting a significant proportion failed to respond to vaccination. The competition percentage (S/N%±SD) of post-immunization (49.19±32.19) were significantly (p<0.01) lower in comparison to the respective unvaccinated mean titre (75.76±35.51). There is no significant effect of age, sex or breed on the antibody titre value in PPR vaccinated animals. The sero-prevalence of PPR in unvaccinated animals suggested that these flocks are in high susceptibility to PPR outbreak and needs an implementation of control measures to reduce economic losses. Vaccination will increase the proportion of animals with a protective antibody level, however more investigation needs to be done to determine why almost one-quarter of animals failed to seroconvert to vaccination. Further detailed study is needed to find out the risk factors responsible for low prevalence of antibody against PPRV in the immunized flock.
Impact of Climate Change on Livestock Production
Authors: Koirala A. , Bhandari P.
Published: February 2020

Climate change is one of the global challenges of this century. There is increase in large number of climate related events. Livestock sector has also been affected by changing climate due to which there is increased loss of livestock assets and several other indirect losses. Some of the effects of climate change in livestock include thermal and cold stress, increased diseases incidences and decrease in the feed, fodder and water availability. This results in decreased animal production and productivity. he paper mainly reviews the impacts of climate change on livestock production.
Sintaktičke i morfološke osobine atributnih odnosnih rečenica koje utječu na uspješnost njihove proizvodnje
Authors: Hržica Gordana , Moharić Tihana
Published: February 2020

Usvajanje odnosnih rečenica, koje su među najsloženijim rečeničnim strukturama, prekretnica je u dječjem jezičnom razvoju, što ih čini predmetom mnogih istraživanja. Posebno su se, unutar različitih teorijskih struja, proučavale atributne odnosne rečenice (pregled, primjerice, Arnon 2011). Sve one ističu više čimbenika koji utječu na sposobnost ovladavanja ovim strukturama. Vjerojatno je najvažniji proučavani čimbenik vrsta atributnih odnosnih rečenica, s obzirom na ulogu odnosne zamjenice u rečenici. Ova se razlika unutar generativističkih teorija objašnjava sintaktičkim pomakom, koji se može dogoditi iz subjektnog ili objektnog položaja. Brojna istraživanja tipološki različitih jezika pokazuju da je za usvajanje i obradu lakši pomak iz subjekta. Međujezična istraživanja ističu i označavanje roda odnosne zamjenice i imenica, koji se, posebice u morfološki bogatijim jezicima, pokazao vrlo značajnim čimbenikom (npr. Belleti i sur. 2012.; Stavrakaki i sur. 2015). Ovim se radom željelo istražiti - utječu li i na koji način sintaktički pomak i morfološka oznaka roda na proizvodnju atributnih odnosnih rečenica i u hrvatskom jeziku. Pretpostavljalo se da će rezultati ići u prilog lakšoj proizvodnji rečenica s pomakom iz subjekta, te rečenica s razlikom u rodu imenica. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 301 dijete starosti 2;0-7;05 godina. Zadatak je bio prema modelu proizvesti 14 umetnutih atributnih odnosnih rečenica. Podaci su prikupljani u sklopu predstandardizacijskog ispitivanja za test jezičnog razumijevanja i proizvodnje Nova Reynell razvojna jezična ljestvica – NRDLS-HR (Kuvač Kraljević i sur. 2019; izdavač: Naklada Slap). Odnosne rečenice s pomakom iz subjekta, djeca su proizvodila značajno bolje od odnosnih rečenica s pomakom iz objekta. Rečenice u kojima se rod imenskih riječi razlikovao, djeca su proizvodila značajno bolje od onih koje su činile imenice jednakog roda. Rezultati omogućuju bolje razumijevanje sintaktičkih i morfoloških čimbenika, koji utječu na dječju sposobnost proizvodnje tih složenih struktura i daju smjernice za buduća istraživanja atributnih odnosnih rečenica u hrvatskom jeziku.
When ‘history belongs to a poet…’ Ivan Bunin’s Cursed Days [Okayannye dni]: A chronicle or a myth?
Authors: Reznichenko N. A.
Published: February 2020

N. Reznichenko’s article centres on I. Bunin’s Cursed Days [ Okayannye dni ] as a chronicle of the 1917 Russian Revolution that also takes into account works by Bunin’s predecessors and contemporaries. The author argues that Cursed Days seems to be an attempted verification of history, written in the genre of a writer’s diary with an ambition to pass for a historical record. The analogy with the chronicler author is reinforced by Bunin’s quotations from Russian fundamental historical research typified by the chronicler style (V. Tatishchev, V. Klyuchevsky, S. Solovyov, and N. Kostomarov) as well as journalistic works by Russian writers and politicians who represented the major movements in 19th-c. Russian political thought. In his pursuit to recreate the post-revolutionary atmosphere, Bunin frequently intersperses his narration with contemporary journalistic publications, including Bolshevik newspapers. Bunin’s rich chronicle-like narrative not only runs alongside the artistic depictions, but effortlessly blends with them, making Cursed Days a unique combination of a historical record and a work of literature.
Yin Liu, Mikhaylova, M. (2018). Works of the lady owner of the ‘haunted apartment’, or The phenomenon of E. A. Nagrodskaya. Moscow: Common place
Authors: Golubkova A. A.
Published: February 2020

The review focuses on the monograph co-written by Doctor of Philology Maria Mikhaylova and the Chinese scholar Yin Liu about Evdokia Nagrodskaya and her works. Contemporary critics dismissed her books as pulp fiction. Yet the researchers prove convincingly that Nagrodskaya’s works reveal a meaning deeper than was assumed by her contemporaries. Moreover, the transgender theme explored in Nagrodskaya’s acclaimed novel The Wrath of Dionysus [ Gnev Dionisa ] remains highly relevant a century upon the book’s first publication. Amongst the mo nograph’s noticeable merits is a detailed overview of modern literary studies devoted to female authors of the early 20th c. Highly commendable is the excellent quality of academic analysis applied to the philoso phical problems and artistic anthropology of the novels The Wrath of Dionysus , The Bronze Door [ U bronzovoy dveri ], and Evil Spirits [ Zlye dukhi].
Serum and Stool miR-135b Levels as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Saidijam Massoud , Saidijam Massoud , Taherikalani Morovat , Shabab Nooshin , Ghanbari Reza , Afshar Saeid , Bastaminejad Saiyad , Bakhtiyari Salar
Published: February 2020

Background: By considering the high incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC), finding the
noninvasive biomarker for detection of patients with cancer is the main purpose of more and more cancer
studies.
Methods: In this research, the expression level of miR-135b in serum and stool of patients with colorectal
cancer was investigated as a diagnostic marker. Using the real-time PCR, the relative expression level of
miR-135b in serum and stool in 40 patients with colorectal cancer, paired with 40 healthy controls, was
determined. Then its sensitivity and specificity were rated, via ROC curves analysis.
Results: Expression levels of miR-135b in serum and stool of CRC patients were 32.4 and 15.7 times higher
in serum and stool, compared to that of healthy control respectively (P<0.05). ROC curves analysis exhibited
that serum miR-135b levels were powerful in detecting CRC patients from control subjects, with a
sensitivity of 92.7% and a specificity of 89.7% (AUC: 0.929). In addition, stool miR-135b levels strongly
distinguished CRC patients from control subjects with a sensitivity of 92.7% and a specificity of 87.2%
(AUC: 0.919).
Conclusions: The results of the current study indicate that serum and stool miR-135b expression levels
seem to be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for CRC patients. However further studies with large
sample size are needed for approving the miR-135b as a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker of CRC.
Gastroschisis: Impact of Delivery Planning on Patient Outcomes
Authors: Sathyaprasad Burjonrappa , Sullivan Amy , Sathyaprasad Burjonrappa
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Success rates of gastroschisis interventions on outcome have been increasingly examined.
Much of the work has focused on post-delivery management and timing of the final closure. Little data is
available regarding the impact of the timing of fetal delivery on outcomes. This study aims to examine the
relationships between overall outcomes of patients diagnosed with gastroschisis and timing of delivery
(planned versus non-planned) and mode of delivery (cesarean section versus vaginal delivery). The primary
outcome evaluated was the length of hospitalization.
Methods: This work was performed as a ten-year retrospective chart analysis including patients from 2005
to 2013. Inclusion in the study required a pre-operative diagnosis and a surgical intervention for
gastroschisis. We identified 29 patients of interest who were filtered based on availability of the specific
timing of each intervention. Chi-square test was used to determine statistical differences amongst categorical
variables and the student t-test was used to determine differences amongst continuousvariables.
Results: The major factors influencing the Length of hospitalization were return of bowel function (p =
0.0213) and tolerance of full oral feeds (p = 0.0116). Further early extubation was also correlated to a shorter
hospitalization (p = 0.0003). Analysis of mode of delivery, comparing vaginal delivery to Cesarean section,
showed that patients delivered by Cesarean section had a reduced length of hospitalization as compared to
those delivered vaginally (p = 0.0080). Mode of delivery did not significantly impact the other patient
outcomes, but we did find that time to oral feeds was increased in those patients undergoing unplanned
deliveries (p = 0.0176). No other outcomes were impacted by undergoing a planned versus unplanned
gastroschisis delivery.
Conclusion: Our data suggests that patients delivered without prior planning will have an extended time to
tolerance of oral feeds. In addition, we find that patients delivered by Cesarean section will have shorter
lengths of hospitalizations in the setting of poor antenatal care. Factors influencing length of stay after
gastroschisis, such as return of bowel function and time to tolerance of oral feeds may be related to mode
and timing of delivery. We recommend that future analysis of larger databases should focus on peri-partum
factors that may influence outcomes in gastroschisis. Further greater consideration should be given to the
impact of lack of antenatal services in many parts of the world and its implications on maternal fetal
wellbeing in congenital malformations such as gastroschisis.
Feasibility of Using eGFR to Diagnose Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
Authors: Zhou Shuxian , Yuan Guiyi , Huang Boshui , Geng Dengfeng , Lei Juan , Zhang Shaoshen , Zhou Shuxian , Chen Ying
Published: February 2020

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is one of the common complications of coronary
angiography (CAG). The changes of serum creatinine (Scr) before and after angiography were used to
diagnose CIN in the world. But Scr is not a sensitive index to reflect early renal dysfunction. Estimated
glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a comprehensive indicator to evaluate renal function but does not have
accepted standard to diagnose CIN till now. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using eGFR
to diagnose CIN in patients undergoing CAG.
Methods: We included 300 coronary heart disease (CHD) patients who underwent CAG. Their
demographics and basal renal function were recorded. Changes of Scr and eGFR before and after CAG were
compared at the same time. Logistic regression was used to find independent influence factors of CIN.
Receptor operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to find the optimum cut-off value of eGFR for
diagnosing CIN.
Results: Among 300 patients with CHD, 64 (41 males and 23 females) of them were affected by CIN after
CAG, with a total incidence of 21.3%. Among 271 patients whose Scr were normal (< 133 μmol/L) before
CAG, 109 (40.2%) of them with impaired eGFR (< 90 ml/min/1.73m²). Patients had normal eGFR before
CAG were less likely to develop CIN than those with normal Scr (15.4% vs 20.7%, P < 0.05). Logistic
regression analysis showed that men, diabetes, multivessel lesion and eGFR were independent factors of
CIN. ROC curve showed that the optimum cut-off value for diagnosing CIN was eGFR decrease by 22.5%
after CAG (sensitivity = 98.4%, specificity = 98.3%, AUC = 0.973, 95%CI: 0.942-1.000, P = 0.000).
Conclusions: eGFR is an independent factor of CIN, which is more sensitive than Scr in reflecting
early renal dysfunction. Using eGFR to diagnose CIN is feasible in the clinic, but the cut-off value
still needs to be confirmed by large scale clinical trials.
WEBSITES PRACTICING TO DEVELOP LISTENING SKILLS
Authors: Kusumaningsih Citra , Wiyanti Senny , Ramadhiyanti Yulia
Published: February 2020

This paper shows the qualitative study of the employment of websites to practice English listening skills of students. The samples in this survey were the students majoring in English, one of school education, Pontianak, Indonesia. The open-ended questionnaire and interview were used to compile the data. The study reported that the students held a positive attitude toward the use of the websites for practicing listening skills because of many advantages such as the websites offer unlimited opportunities to learn and practice their listening skill as if they are in the real situation with native speakers and these opportunities provided them more new English vocabularies. Moreover, it can facilitate them to create autonomous learning strategies. It was also found that it was so convenient when using the internet sites for practicing listening skills outside classroom and from book, anywhere and anytime. However, the students experienced a problem with the native speaker accent so they could not understand the conversation.
PENDIDIKAN NILAI KARAKTER BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DI LEMBAGA PEMBINAAN KHUSUS ANAK PONTIANAK
Authors: Maulana Riki , Trisnowati Eli , Rustam Rustam , Andriati Novi
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah: 1) Memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman kepada anak tentang pentingnya nilai karakter, 2) Menerapkan kepada anak nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang mencakup religius, nasionalis, integritas, mandiri dan gotong royong. Metode kegiatan menggunakan langkah-langkah: 1) Pesiapan, yaitu dengan cara survey di lapangan, 2) Kegiatan, dengan cara penanyangan slide materi dalam bentuk power point, 3) Pemutaran video tentang karakter, 4) Tanya jawab. Hasil kegiatan: 1) Seluruh anak mampu memahami materi yang diberikan dalam layanan klasikal, 2) Seluruh anak secara antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan, kondisi ini dapat dilihat dari ketepatan waktu kehadiran hingga selesai kegiatan, dan banyaknya peserta yang bertanya serta terharu karena pemutaran video, 3) Masing-masing anak aktif dalam memberikan saran pada saat memberikan kesimpulan diakhir kegiatan.