bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Suspended Life : A Cinematic Fall
Authors: Chebli Marie
Published: September 2022

Nous tombons, writes René Char, We Fall. This is exactly the feeling we get as readers of Alice’s adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Caroll. Falling constantly, gliding, slipping from one scene to another, from one realm to another and getting more and more confused about who we are. Alice’s adventures leave her nameless: she becomes a series of events. She is not an actor, a narrative shifter or what we might call in grammar a “subject”. Alice is always becoming tall, small, huge, unproportioned little girl in an irrational world. In Jocelyne Saab’s film A Suspended Life (1985) Samar is a similar character, going through doors that no one seems to see or know about. She’s a young, fierce and childish woman, being both and neither woman and girl at the same time. The film is focused on one character and takes place in a ruined Beirut: a wonderland filled with mad people evolving in a queer social construct. In order to reveal in detail those aspects of the 1985 Saab’s film, I conduct a comparative study with the major work of Lewis Caroll and underline the “modern” movement of identity loss.
Complete Catalogue of Jocelyne Saab’s Artistic Output
Authors: Rouxel Mathilde
Published: September 2022

Complete catalogue of Jocelyne Saab’s finished and unfinished work (films, artwork, cultural events).
Aliens as Superheroes: Science Fiction, Immigration and Dulce Pinzón’s ‘The Real Story of the Superheroes’
Authors: Leen Catherine
Published: September 2022

Dulce Pinzón’s photographic series ‘The Real Story of the Superheroes’, celebrates Mexican and Latina/o/x immigrant workers in the United States by radically re-imagining the figure of the super hero. The 2012 book which compiles the images features 20 photographs of immigrant workers living in New York, 18 of whom are from Mexico, while the other two are from Puerto Rico and Ecuador. Pinzón’s work is a striking combination of documentary photography and fantasy, as her subjects go about their everyday jobs dressed as superheroes.  She was inspired to take the photographs in the wake of 9/11, when the increased hostility towards migrants in the United States was coupled with an intense celebration of the heroes who attempted to cope with the terrorist attacks and the subsequent resurgence of the superhero genre. Pinzón’s choice of the visual motif of the superhero raises the paradox that these popular cultural icons are frequently engaged in defending the United States from alien invasions, which are often thinly veiled references to fear of immigrants. This chapter contends, however, that Pinzón employs the hybridity inherent in these characters, and which has marked photography in Mexico from its inception, to present alternative heroes using a language that is normally associated with U.S. hegemony and oppression
Loss and Mourning in Documentary: Tatiana Huezo’s Ausencias (2015)
Authors: Haddu Miriam
Published: September 2022

Tatiana Huezo’s documentary Ausencias (2014) focuses on those directly effected by Felipe Calderón’s policies and the consequential violence that has followed. In Ausencias Huezo tackles the problem of the thousands of forced disappearances in Mexico, identified as ‘casualties’ of the drugs wars, and positions a grieving mother at the heart of her narrative. It is these internal spaces of mourning, as examples of affected experience after a forced disappearance that constitute the focus of this chapter’s analysis. In the film we are guided by the subject’s memory, which narrates the personal experience of longing and absence, predominantly felt by those left behind after a forced disappearance. This chapter considers Huezo’s work as an exemplar of a shift towards the poetic mode in documenting violence. Framed within discourses of mourning, trauma, melancholia and loss, this chapter’s explorations of Huezo’s work illustrate how the filmmaker’s visual language, which mediates between the poetic, observational and expository, articulates the often-private experience of grief as indicative of a wider cultural trauma manifest in the collective.
What Would it Be to “Turn the World Upside Down”? Fanny Lye Deliver’d (Thomas Clay, 2019)
Authors: White John
Published: September 2022

This film challenges the conventional boundaries of the period drama more strongly than the preceding film. The historical context positions us once more at dramatic moment of tension between radical ideas and conservative values. Charles I has been executed less than ten years before but a few years further on will see the restoration of the monarchy. Patriarchy and the female position in society are challenged, and freedom of personal (sexual) expression is set against oppressive religious strictures. The film is conscious of its place both within the context of a particular genre in British cinema and within the lineage of auteur-work in British cinema that has challenged conventional cinematic form.
Class as the Crucial Division in UK Society: Peterloo (Mike Leigh, 2018)
Authors: White John
Published: September 2022

This film is set against a backdrop of foreign wars in which as cannon fodder the working class risk death, physical maiming, and psychological trauma. The action takes place within a divided nation, again, with a socio-economic and political elite living in comfortable detachment from the everyday experience of ordinary people. Through its narrative, the film envisages the classic operation of a state’s repressive apparatuses and the defeat of attempted hegemonic intervention. It is an exploration of the operation of power within society, and views politics not as a site of potential consensus but as a nexus of conflict.
Defending this “Island Nation”: Darkest Hour (Joe Wright, 2017) and Churchill (Jonathan Teplitzky, 2017)
Authors: White John
Published: September 2022

Both Darkest Hour and Churchill examine what is, often seen as the high point in the life of a controversial figure in British history. Why have two films dealing with the same moment of British history emerged now? Why is there a return to the historical context of the Second World War? Similarities and differences between the two films (and, possibly, between these films and Dunkirk (Christopher Nolan, 2017)) will be considered. How do these films work to define, or re-define Britain’s relationship to Continental Europe? To what extent do these films focus on the Channel as a border, defensive line, or boundary between contesting ways of seeing the world? In these films, what values and beliefs are asserted/re-asserted? How do these films relate to issues of nationalism? How do these films work to re-negotiate British identity? How do these films deal with issues of class?
The Collectible Ofelia: Object-Oriented Feminisms and the Un-Human Corpus of Q1’s Dispensaniac
Authors: Seremet Molly
Published: September 2022

This chapter applies an object-oriented feminist lens to Q1 Hamlet in order to explore Ofelia’s placement as a cyborg figuration. Q1’s legacy as a trash(ed)-compacted variant text flattens the play’s contours into an autotopography which can be mined in object-oriented and object-ified terms. Rather than squashing herself into a Shakespearean “Flat Stanley,” Q1 Ofelia instead strews dimensional traces of herself throughout the landscape, a tangible and tradable memento vivere of the life she actively unmakes. As such, Ofelia contours herself into a posthuman figuration through the compulsion to give prosthetic markers of her own body away and therefore we might consider Ofelia the imaginary opposite of a kleptomaniac: a dispensaniac, aiming to heal her own trauma through the distribution of her embodied suffering. By examining Ofelia’s dispensania, this chapter will also explore those characters driven to lust after and to treasure her dimensional memorabilia inside of Hamlet’s Flatland and to collect it all, even in (her) death. This chapter argues that Ofelia’s entanglement with objects invites a posthuman intervention into Hamlet’s landscape focused on an agential Ofelia that curates her own afterlife, opening up a feminist posthuman channel inside of Shakespeare’s already-cyborg text.
Sympathise with the Losers: Performing Intellectual Loserdom in Shakespearean Biopic
Authors: Blackwell Anna
Published: September 2022

Anne Hathaway chides her playwright husband in the television sitcom Upstart Crow (2016-) with the typically blunt comment, ‘Will, I told ya. Don’t do comedy. It’s not your strong point.’ Shakespeare, played by David Mitchell, responds in indignation, ‘It is my strong point, wife. It just requires lengthy explanations and copious footnotes. If you do your research my stuff is actually really funny.’ Mitchell’s Shakespeare exists within what Christy Desmet describes as a ‘system or network of tiny units’, governed by ‘changing relations that are, at bottom, accidental’. Indeed, Shakespeare’s claim may sound familiar to anyone who has endeavoured to teach Shakespeare to resistant students, but it echoes depictions of the playwright on screen such as Shakespeare in Love, Bill, Will or even Doctor Who. This chapter proposes to look at the Shakespeare object in television comedies in order to discuss the dissonance of presenting failure as a prerequisite to Shakespeare’s inevitable cultural capital. It will do this chiefly by reading Mitchell-Shakespeare in Upstart Crow as the negotiation of two semiotically-rich objects within an erratic network of meaning and through association with values either typically synonymous with Shakespearean celebrity (success, skill, sophistication, virtuosity) or their opposite (failure, awkwardness, embarrassment).
‘Intermission!’: Reading Race in the Objects of Key & Peele ’s ‘Othello Tis My Shite’
Authors: Kim Shanelle E.
Published: September 2022

The Key & Peele comedy sketch “Othello Tis My Shite” (2013) imagines two black men in early modern England reacting to a performance of Shakespeare’s drama. It depicts two black men responding to Shakespeare’s Othello outside the Globe Theatre during intermission in a format similar to their popular “Valets” sketches. The sketch presents complicated circuits of visual and verbal reference, alluding to Langston Hughes’ “Shakespeare in Harlem” and Shaft as well as As You Like It, Laurence Olivier’s Hamlet, and portraits of Sir Walter Raleigh. In “Alien Shakespeares 2.0,” This chapter uses “Othello ‘Tis My Shite” as a case study to test the limits of integrating OOO with critical race studies by treating each reference—verbal and visual—as an object according to Christy Desmet’s definition. It interrogates whether reading networks of reference with or without Shakespeare as an object in the sketch facilitates resistance to what Stuart Hall refers to as the binary code making race. It also questions if doing so requires refashioning the “alien” in “alien phenomenology,” which seeks to decenter the white male human, perhaps at the expense of reinforcing the marginalization of (O)thers. By evoking (O)ther voices with the Bard, “Othello Tis My Shite” interrogates whether artistic objects that cite Shakespeare can exist alongside—and even prior to—the Bard rather than derive from him.
‘Another Person’ ( Autrui )
Authors: Lambert Gregg
Published: September 2022

As part of a ‘pedagogy of concepts, explication of the concept of ‘another person’ (autrui) in the philosophies of Sartre and Deleuze as being exemplary of the problem-solving aspect in the art of creating concepts.
‘In-Human Sex’ (‘Desiring-Machines’)
Authors: Lambert Gregg
Published: September 2022

Explication of the concept of a purely impersonal and inhuman field of desire as ‘machinic’ employing Deleuze and Guattari’s theory in distinction with the psychoanalytic understanding of the Symbolic Order.
‘Becoming-Animal’ and ‘Territory’
Authors: Lambert Gregg
Published: September 2022

Explication of the relation between the concept of ‘becoming animal,’ human sexuality, and the ‘territory’ of the artwork. Discussion of Korean landscape painting and Freud’s analysis of Leonardo Da Vinci, alongside the case studies of ‘Wolf Man” and ‘Little Hans.’
Jus ad Vim and Drone Warfare: A Classical Just War Perspective
Authors: Braun Christian Nikolaus
Published: September 2022

This chapter places drone use in the context of a contentious development in contemporary military affairs: the increase in instances of states resorting to so-called ‘force-short-of-war’ (vim). On the one hand, a shift in modern warfare away from large-scale slaughter and toward more calibrated applications of force (such as drone strikes) may be a step in the right direction insofar as it signals greater constraint. On the other hand, because ‘vim’ can appear to be more compartmentalised and therefore containable, there is a concern that this concept of non-war violence might prompt states to care less about seeking non-violent methods of problem-solving. The author acknowledges that the idea and practice of ‘force short of war’ puts traditional jus ad bellum principles under pressure. Even so, in drawing upon the classical Just War thinking of Thomas Aquinas, the chapter concludes that the introduction of an alternative framework of jus ad vim is unnecessary. Instead, the jus ad bellum needs to be renegotiated in the light of novel technologies and circumstances. Providing such a renegotiation, the chapter explains how the ad bellum principles of sovereign authority, just cause and right intention should be applied to address moral concerns surrounding drone-based targeted killings.
The Complicated Reality of Drone Strikes for Law Enforcement
Authors: Brookman-Byrne Max
Published: September 2022

This chapter begins the volume’s shift in focus away from war and toward a non-war concept of state violence: lethal law-enforcement. From an international law perspective, analysing the extraterritorial use of armed drones for a law enforcement purpose can appear simple: if they are used during armed conflict, there is a requirement to abide by international humanitarian law (IHL); outside of armed conflict, the use of armed drones must adhere to international human rights law (IHRL). However, such binary thinking is arguably not well-matched to the ‘complicated reality’ of law-enforcement drone strikes. In considering drone strikes conducted during an armed conflict, the chapter challenges the presumption that these are necessarily part of that conflict and therefore governed by the permissive rules of IHL. The chapter’s examination of US drone strike campaigns in Yemen and Somalia suggests another possibility: that the use of armed drones emulates colonial-era techniques of territorial policing based on air power. If such use is thus more accurately regarded as serving a law-enforcement function, it should be regulated not by IHL but by the more restrictive rules of IHRL.
Autonomous Armed Drones and the Challenges to Multilateral Consensus on Value-Based Regulation
Authors: Chengeta Thompson
Published: September 2022

This chapter explores ethical challenges potentially arising from AI-controlled drones, focusing on how their use might be restrained through international legal regulation. The starting point is the 2013 recommendation of a moratorium on the production of lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS) to the United Nations (UN) Human Rights Council by its Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions. The response by UN member states to this recommendation was to resolve that relevant discussions should occur within the framework of the UN Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW). However, the critical problem identified in this chapter is that the introduction of CCW-based regulation requires consensus among all the treaty’s members. Thus, to achieve principled and legally-binding restraints on the use of autonomous armed drones, scholars and policy practitioners need to confront a set of challenges to multilateral consensus. These challenges include: threats to multilateralism in arms-control generally; ongoing concerns about a military AI arms race; anti-activist sentiments and ‘banphobia’ among arms-control diplomats; and differing international understandings of what moral values are applicable to the deployment of autonomous weapons systems.
The Lyric Poet’s Body
Authors: Gould Rebecca Ruth
Published: September 2022

The concept of the lyric ode—combining the ghazal and the qasida—is introduced through the poetry of Masʿud Saʿd Salman of Lahore in 11th century South Asia. The prison poems of Masʿud Saʿd merged the prison poet’s lyric and prophetic self to produce a literary language for discursive sovereignty, that gave poetry a political valence. The formal dimension of the prison poem genre shaped the emergence of the lyric ode. The relatively symbiotic relationship with the sovereign in the earliest prison poems are discussed in order to establish, by way of contrast, the political tensions that emerged following the prison poem’s migration to the Caucasus a few decades later.
The Prison Poet as King and Prophet
Authors: Gould Rebecca Ruth
Published: September 2022

The topical and thematic content of the prison poem associated imprisonment with prophetic traditions relating to Muslim prophets. This chapter furthers the book’s inquiry into how this genre developed the tension between the poet’s two bodies – one material and imprisoned, imbued with mortality, and the second spiritual and endowed with a unique capacity to critique the sultan’s injustice amid his imprisonment. The poems discussed in this chapter expose the materiality of the verbal sign in its pursuit of corporeal poetics. The prophetic imagery that recurs frequently in Khaqani’s prison poems is examined as we grapple with its implications for the prison poet’s doubly-constituted body, as the poet’s verse oscillates between contingency and perpetuity.
Is There a Politics to Friendship? Derrida’s Critique of the Couple in Montaigne, Kant and Levinas
Authors: Fathaigh Cillian Ó
Published: September 2022

This chapter analyses the figure of the couple of friends in Jacques Derrida’s Politics of Friendship. It proposes that Derrida’s critique of fraternity as a model of friendship and political community is also intimately tied to a conception of friendship as between two (male) people. Derrida brings forward the prominence of this figure in Michel de Montaigne and Immanuel Kant. In both, Derrida shows how this presentation of the couple is motivated by a double and contradictory desire: on the one hand, a wish to represent the couple as an apolitical or pre-political moment of friendship, and on the other, a view that it should serve as a ground for and guide to politics. This chapter proposes that Derrida sees something of this problem in Levinas’s own conception of the face-to-face, whereby the relation to the other still holds some possibility of a pre-political relation (before the arrival of the third-party). This can help illuminate Derrida’s response to Levinas’s later work. Furthermore, through this, we come to see that Derrida views every relation to the other, and every potential moment of friendship and community, as fundamentally and inescapably political.
Work and Life Satisfaction of Mining Employees
Authors: Nel Petrus , Kotzè Tina
Published: September 2022

When a mining company reduces its work force through collective layoffs or decide to close the entire operation, it often leads to hardships for many. The consequences thereof may even be worse in developing countries where the mining sector is an important contributor to economic stability and where employment is less secure than in developed countries. This chapter discusses the findings of two studies conducted in South African mining communities to illustrate the effects of mine downscaling and closure on the life of the mineworkers and their families. It provides a picture of the lived experiences and perceptions of those who lost their jobs. It also includes their narratives on how they dealt with the loss of their jobs and earnings, what helped them to cope and what they believe could have been done differently.
Boom or Bust for Emalahleni Businesses?
Authors: van Rooyen Deidré , van Zyl Johan
Published: September 2022

Growth in economic activity and income of residents from mining flows to businesses and encourages their growth. Therefore, mining enhances the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector by generating income opportunities for the industry. Emalahleni business is still resource-dependent but has not felt the bust due to their diversification of the economy. The mineral sector should not be regarded as the backbone of the economy; instead, it should be viewed as a bonus with which to accelerate economic growth and healthy structural change. If communities use the opportunities created by the mining sector, they can invest the money in education and job training to diversify their economic prospects. However, this requires good relationships between the mining sector, the business sector, the local authority, and the community. Although the business sector was slightly more positive about the economy of Emalahleni due to planning moderate and large-scale business expansion, challenges exist with municipal services and government support. Mine closure, as well as the retrenchments of Highveld Steel, was a concern.
‘The mines must fix the potholes’: A Desperate Community
Authors: van der Phia , Matebesi Sethulego
Published: September 2022

An intricate web of relationships, expectations and realities are formed in the presence of abundant natural resources. The paradox is that mineral riches seldom translate into human well-being. This chapter looks at this complexity through the eyes of community members and officials interacting with the community. They expressed concern about population influx, escalating social ills, high crime levels, an economy dependent on mining and deteriorating infrastructure and services. These are common features associated with the research curse. Struggling local government is a common feature in South Africa and Emalahleni is no exception. Not even the most basic services, such as water provision, are always available. In a community which historically has a strong albeit patriarchal relationship with the mines, their automatic response is to expect the mines to take care of the community and the city if the municipality does not. Even though this might result in short-term improvement of a desperate situation, the chapter raises questions about the sustainability and desirability of this option. Issues such as accountability and mandates are valid concerns, but who must fix the potholes in the meantime?
The Introduction of the ‘Gregory Clause’ and Ireland’s Great Famine
Authors: Reilly Ciarán
Published: September 2022

This chapter explores the legacy of subsequent legislation in early-twentieth-century Scotland that gave the Government the power to establish small landholdings across Scotland. Following the re-designation of crofts in the Highlands and Islands, small landholdings as a form of land tenure fell into terminal decline with little to no legislative changes to improve the rights of small landholders. Following renewed attention in Scottish Parliament, this chapter explores the Grassmillees Scheme, Ayrshire, its establishment, evolution and explores the nascent formation of a landholding identity with ever-deepening historical roots. It scratches the surface of a rich vein of historical evidence that serves as a window to revealing landholding attitudes outwith the crofting counties.
‘The battle of the Welsh nation against landlordism’: The Response of the North Wales Property Defence Association to the Welsh Land Question, c. 1886–1896 1
Authors: Evans Shaun
Published: September 2022

The establishment of the North Wales Property Defence Association (NWPDA) in 1886 was envisioned as an organised landowner response to the ‘Welsh Land Question’. The relationship between landowner and tenant had emerged as a central pillar in the political objectives of an increasingly assertive radical nonconformist movement in Wales. The 1886 election campaign, coupled with the agricultural depression, recent tithe agitation and events in Ireland and Scotland convinced landowners in Wales of the need to respond to a movement which threatened to undermine their traditional position in society. Spearheaded by Lord Penrhyn (1836-1907), the NWPDA came to the fore prior to and during the Welsh Land Commission of the 1890s, preparing and articulating a coordinated landowner response to the enquiry and nullifying its potential threat. This first analysis of the Association provides a valuable insight into landowner attitudes towards land, tenancy, agriculture and society in nineteenth-century Wales
The Hutbe in Historical Perspective
Authors: Özdalga Elisabeth
Published: September 2022

The chapter emphsises the long historical and canonical (sharia-related) roots of the Friday sermon and describes in glimps what Friday preaching has been like since early Islam, over the Middle Ages, through the Ottoman Empire and up to present time. It makes use of rare ethnographical studies of preaching practices in ninetheenth century Egypt and modern Turkey. It also describes in some detail the main steps in liturgical preaching.
Early Authorised Hutbe Collections: A Homiletic Tradition under Secular State Control
Authors: Özdalga Elisabeth
Published: September 2022

Turkey as a modern, independent and secular republic and the need to instruct believers and citizens about the ‘new social contract.’ In order to inspire, educate – and control – imams and preachers (hatips) around the country along these lines, political leaders, above all the president Mustafa Kemal Atatürk himself, initiated the writing of hutbe collections. These were distributed by Diyanet to towns and villages, accompanied by exhortations as to the importance of actively using them. The chapter analyses in some detail the sermons of an edition written by renowned Ahmet Hamdi Akseki, published and distributed in modern Turkish in 1927-28. The discussion is based on a large number of longer quotations translated to English (original Turkish in Appendix). The overall message of these sermons is that of a considerably mainstream form of Sunni Islam (sharia-mindedness), centring on daily life in various local settings (small-scale society), emphasising the need for cleanliness, hard and meticulous work, honesty and communal and national unity and togetherness.
Preaching Brotherhood to an Unruly Nation
Authors: Özdalga Elisabeth
Published: September 2022

Starting at the end of the 1960s Diyanet started to publish a fortnightly magazine – Diyanet Gazetesi – which included two hutbes per issue, that is sermons the authorities urged the preachers to use for their Friday sermons. This made it possible to read and analyze the sermonizing texts in the light of various political and public events. The 1970s was an unusually turbulent decade and this chapter selects eight important and disturbing events and how they were commented upon by the corresponding sermonizing texts. The analysis shows that instead of engaging in and guiding the congregations in relation to these developments, the texts, by means of a generalizing and abstract form of discourse, stay detached and aloof. The main message is that of an all too often repeated exhortation to safeguard unity and brotherhood. Thereby, the audiences experience a kind of indifference or alienation in relation to what is sermonised from the pulpit (minber).
Disciplinary Form: Introduction to Literary Studies
Authors: Bauer-Gatsos Sheila
Published: September 2022

This chapter imagines literary studies and the English major as forms and arrangements that provide the space for reflective and careful readings of texts, contexts and lives. Using as its case study a ‘gateway’ introductory course that teaches literature, writing and vocational exploration, this chapter moves through the ways literary studies as a disciplinary form – and specific classroom texts and strategies in particular – can help students shape their college pathways and future decisions. A sense of the changing discipline empowers students to think more broadly about texts as they examine canon-(trans)formation to understand how the discipline has changed in response to new theories, new demands and new ways of seeing the world. Thus, the role of vocational pedagogy in a course focused on the study of English as a discipline can help students understand their callings within and beyond the discipline and to develop the habits of mind for the successful navigation of both.
Novels, Vocation and the Call of the Unfinished Story
Authors: VanLaningham Erin
Published: September 2022

Novels offer a platform from which to examine the limits and possibilities of narrative form for vocational exploration. The study of novels emphasizes a doubled-reading experience, following the plots of single characters while also seeing the complete narrative arc. This tension between the parts and the whole, examined through a study of narrative structure, allows us to be better readers and critics of our own narratives. Using George Eliot’s Middlemarch as a case study, the chapter addresses the way literary realism intersects with vocational discernment. The chapter explores the significance of alternative narratives and narrative networks as literary structures that provide modes of imagining new and different stories of ourselves and communities. Vocation is not limited to work but instead is a concept that explores how we discover purpose in many facets of domestic, professional, and communal experiences.
The Drama of Vocation
Authors: Stevens Jason
Published: September 2022

This chapter explores how tragedy makes us students of vocation by inviting us to think deeply about character and responsibility. Addressing the concepts of mimesis, action and catharsis, it attends to the ways drama can represent suffering and failure as important to vocational awakening. Tragedy can assuage vocational fears and anxieties by providing a vocabulary, a set of concepts and an array of case studies for understanding the aspirations and failures of great characters. King Lear in particular can be profitably read as a drama of vocations or the drama of vocation itself, as it ends with a recognition that tragedy’s wisdom is the ground for the loyalty, love and truth-speaking that makes community possible.
Seeing Gender: A Vocation of One’s Own
Authors: Wee Allison
Published: September 2022

This chapter addresses how we might talk with students about gendered responses to literary characters, the evaluation of textual representations of gender, and canon formation. As the literary tradition bears responsibility for perpetuating structural sexism over centuries, the exposure and disruption of that tradition can support students as they navigate an unjust world and create meaningful vocations. The chapter offers pedagogical examples as well as a discussion of teaching gender in creation myths and Nella Larsen’s Quicksand. Making sexism and heterosexism more visible, including where and how they intersect with racism and other dehumanizing ideologies, can sharpen students’ abilities to navigate an unjust world and find their way to meaningful roles and relationships in which their unique gifts might meet the world’s need for greater wholeness.
Recovering Scottish History
Authors: Beveridge Craig
Published: September 2022

Incorporating a reassessment of John Hill Burton, a significant figure in Nineteenth-century Scottish thought, the book presents a revision of the predominant interpretation of how nineteenth-century Scotland perceived its past. It traces Burton’s diverse social and intellectual acquaintance, and equally varied literary endeavours, from his early life and education in 1820s Aberdeen to his increasingly prominent profile in the Edinburgh of Scott, Jeffrey and Cockburn. A detailed assessment of Burton’s History of Scotland(1873) uncovers prominent themes captured in the terms of Utilitarian History, Romantic History, Gothic History and History as Theatre. In chapters analysing these discourses the relation of historiography and biography is maintained in examining Burton’s immersion in the social and cultural world of his time.
An analysis of the highly positive reception of Burton’s historical efforts deals firstly with the impact of his initial, more limited 1853 History since this was published at a particular juncture – the height of the ‘Scottish Rights’ agitation of the early 1850s – and functioned, it is argued, to charge that discontent with a new historical dimension centring on the 1707 Union. An extended analysis of the reception of his later multi-volume History includes a comparison with the characteristics of contemporary national histories across Europe.
The response to his magnum opus is viewed as overturning orthodox assumptions of the ‘death’ of Scottish history in the nineteenth century; and together with the contemporary development of Scottish cultural institutions, as evidencing a revival of national identity founded on a new engagement with the nation’s past.
Perspectives on Scottish History in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Beveridge Craig
Published: September 2022

The chapter outlines the views on Scottish identity and historical confidence in the nineteenth century advanced over recent decades by a number of prominent scholars. It rehearses the prevailing assumption that the only worthwhile history of the nation was completed by P. F. Tytler in the early 1840s, after which the past served only to rear up ‘historical kailyairds’, or an identity re-constructed around a parodic, ‘highlandist’ romanticism. There follows an examination of the ways in which, in reality, Tytler’s History failed, in the age of the Disruption, to present an account of the national annals in a form acceptable to many Scots. The final section explores what elements Burton’s contemporaries themselves had come to expect in an account of the nation’s annals, anticipating why, in contrast, Burton’s multi-volume History of Scotland was widely acclaimed a generation later.
History as Theatre
Authors: Beveridge Craig
Published: September 2022

The language and metaphors of the stage, its scenes and its tragedies, are recurring motifs in Burton’s narrative. His regular recourse to theatrical concepts is traced in his visualisation of events as a sequence of scenes and dramas played out on ‘the historical stage’; in the presentation of historical process in the terms of classical tragedy; and in the use of figurative language that references the physical reality and structures of the contemporary theatre in his time.
The sources of these narrative characteristics are then identified and explored. They include the influence of Burton’s close friend, the leading literary scholar William Spalding; the pervasive cultural impact of the ‘National Drama’ – the explosion of plays based on Scottish history as mediated through Walter Scott’s novels; as well as Burton’s exposure to the genre of dramatic history paintings which followed; and his admiration for the ways in which P. F. Tytler had sought to ‘dramatize’ great events in his own History.
On the Pedestal, 1871–81
Authors: Beveridge Craig
Published: September 2022

Attention is drawn to Burton’s prominent national and international reputation in the closing decades of the nineteenth century in contrast to his subsequent comparative obscurity. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of the reception and public response to Burton’s historical works. The assessment deals firstly and separately with the impact of his initial, more limited 1853 History since this was published at a particular juncture – the height of the ‘Scottish Rights’ agitation of the early 1850s – and functioned, it is suggested, to charge that contemporary discontent with a new historical dimension centring on the 1707 Union. This is followed by an extended analysis of the highly positive reception accorded to his later, multi-volume History of Scotland as a legitimate narrative to be cast as a national history, whose characteristics are then set in the context of comparable developments, particularly in re-emergent nations, across nineteenth-century Europe.
The Ney in Mevlevi Music
Authors: Feldman Walter
Published: September 2022

The reed flute nai/ney was one of the most ancient instruments of the Near East. It had been adopted as the classic instrument of medieval Persian Sufis, and it maintained that role among the Mevlevis until the present day. Beginning with Rumi, the ney has been the subject of a continuous poetic discourse, first in Persian and then in Turkish. These Turkish verses created mainly by Mevlevi but also by other Turkish Sufi poets, developed the symbolism of both music and the sema, in a manner rather distinct from the theoretical poetic treatises mentioned in the previous chapter. It seems that Mevlevi neyzens (flautists) had helped to perfect the new Ottoman form of the ney with a mouthpiece, by the later sixteenth century. And with this newly improved ney, the Mevlevi neyzens perfected their form of improvised performance, known as taksim. While the neyzens performed taksim in many contexts, the music of the ayin ceremony came to begin with a highly developed and meditative performance, known as the baş-taksim (“head taksim”).
The Mevlevi Neyzen as An Ideal Representative of Ottoman Culture
Authors: Feldman Walter
Published: September 2022

By the later 19th century the entire instrumentarium of Ottoman courtly music changed fundamentally, with major instruments being replaced. Paradoxically, the most stable element was the ney, mainly because of the strong basis of transmission occuring within the five major mevlevihanes of Istanbul. This musical transmission continued even after the closure of all the dervish lodges in 1925. The chapter follows the careers of major neyzens from the 17th and 18th centuries, including Yusuf Dede (d.1669) and Osman Dede (d.1730), who were also major poets. Both of these men became the sheikhs of their mevlevihanes. In choosing new leadership, the Mevlevis regarded musicianship on a par with poetic ability, Islamic knowledge, piety and personal charisma. This view of the Mevlevi neyzen as an ideal culture-bearer continued into the Republican period, even in the absence of the complete Mevlevi training, especially with figures like Emin Dede Yazıcı (d. 1945), Halil Dikmen (1964) and Neyzen Tevfik Kolaylı (d.1953).
The Position of Music Within the Mevleviye
Authors: Feldman Walter
Published: September 2022

The Mevlevi musicians had been among the principal pracitioners and theorists of music within Anatolia during the 15th century. They continued these skills in Ottoman Istanbul from the early 17th to the 20th centuries. Mevlevis wrote books of musical theory dealing with what they termed ‘the science of music,’ roughly equivalent to the Western term ‘ars musicae’ or ‘art of music.’ In the pre-Ottoman period they had practiced a musical art linked to Greater Iran. As court patronage for art music declined by the later 16th century in both Iran and Turkey, Mevlevis played a leading role in Istanbul as performers and teachers. In addition, they were among the leaders in creating a Turkish poetic ‘avant garde’, responding to the new ‘fresh style’ of Persian poetry, coming mainly from Mughal India. Ibrahim Cevri (d. 1654) was one of the most influential of these Turkish poets. By the early 18th century, Mevlevis were creating a new musical discourse, and also experimenting with forms of indigenous musical notation. By the end of the 17th, and continuing into the ‘long’ 18th century, they became the principal means through which secular musicians and cantors of the Greek Church and the Sephardic Synagogue became acquainted with the ‘science of music’ in its Ottoman form. The interaction particularly with the Church cantors (psaltes) led to structural changes within certain genres of Greek Church music and within the core repertoire of Ottoman court music.
The ‘Alevi Opening’ of the Justice and Development Party
Authors: Borovali Murat , Boyraz Cemi̇l
Published: September 2022

This chapter provides an analysis of the political and legal aspects of the Alevi issue in Turkey. First, it critically evaluates the government’s so-called “Alevi opening.” Under specific focus are the Alevi workshops, a vital part of the opening, which aimed to address the Alevi question. In light of the political authority’s inaction in alleviating Alevi grievances, the chapter then discusses Alevis’ attempts at the European Court of Human Rights, underlining their notable legal gains in the 2010s. Based on the current domestic and international conditions, the conclusion offers a cautious note, emphasizing the uncertain course the issue is expected to follow.
Edinburgh and the Luxury Crafts
Authors: Nenadic Stana
Published: September 2022

Scottish-London connections for training and prestige are developed in the first chapter, which looks at Edinburgh and the production of luxury craft goods for elite consumers, a market stimulated by the building of the New Town residential area and the growing presence of wealthy short-term visitors and tourists. The transition of craft firms from Old Town to New Town premises is considered. A case illustration of the cabinet making and furniture trades, including fancy box making, in and around the city shows how businesses were organized and changed and some of the key craft skills that underpinned evolving enterprises. The role of spatial concentrations and multiple connections between small firms and between craftsmen as employers and employees is explored.
I Shot Andy Warhol : Fame, Notoriety, and Mary Harron’s Anti-biopics
Authors: Loreck Janice
Published: September 2022

The first chapter, written by Janice Loreck, examines I Shot
Andy Warhol and discusses Harron’s enchantment with female figures that often receive negative attention. Loreck contextualizes Harron’s film in the biopic, exploring the filmmaker’s techniques that both embrace and challenge the parameters of the genre and, ultimately, reviews its strengths as an “anti” biopic.
On the Other Side of the Icon: Making Images and Restaging Celebrity Spectacle in Anna Nicole
Authors: Lamm Kimberly
Published: September 2022

In Chapter Two, Kimberly Lamm analyzes Anna Nicole and discusses Harron’s approach to Lifetime network’s house-style. Lamm explores how the filmmaker embraces the challenges and restrictions of directing a television movie. Building on Loreck’s examination of fame in Harron’s feature debut, Lamm argues that Anna Nicole is ostensibly a reflection on the convergence of mass culture and femininity that produce problematic images of female celebrities. Finally, the chapter regards the film as a significant work in Harron’s oeuvre that challenges the sexist practices of the film industry.
Collaboration Between Nationalists and Liberals in the Russian Opposition, 2011–2013
Authors: Kolstø Pål
Published: September 2022

In the winter of 2011/12, opposition to the Putin regime mobilized far more forcefully than ever before or later, bringing hundreds of thousands of protesters into the streets of Moscow and other cities. An important reason for this initial success was that the opposition leaders managed to bring together disgruntled individuals from many political camps: pro-Western liberals, left-wing socialists, and right-wing nationalists. This was new: previously these groups had viewed each other with great scepticism.
In the chapter I employ social movement theory and in particular its subdiscipline, alliance-building theory (McCammon & Van Dyke and Bystydzienski & Schacht) to explain how such disparate groups could be brought together in a seemingly incongruous coalition. I focus on the role of the nationalists: why they were willing to stand shoulder-to-shoulder with Western-oriented liberals in demonstrations, and why some liberals accepted them into the coalition whereas others did not.
In the end, however, the organisers of these demonstrations were not able to maintain the momentum for more than a few months. The large differences in worldviews and strategies between the liberals and the nationalists were part of the reason why the protest movement was not sustainable over time.
Cormac McCarthy, Philosophy and the Physics of the Damned
Authors: O'Connor Patrick
Published: September 2022

This book explores Cormac McCarthy’s literature (novels, plays, screenplays, philosophical essays and unpublished archive material) to uncover a distinct literary philosophy. More specifically, this study elucidates how McCarthy articulates a philosophical perspective which pivots on philosophical themes of mortality, the political, education, nihilism, materialism and language. Tracing these themes from the publication of his earliest novels to his most recent philosophical essays, this book argues that McCarthy offers a unique synthesis of spiritual, ethical and materialist concerns, the understanding of which is essential for coming to terms with his literature.
Literature and Death: McCarthy, Blanchot and Suttree
Authors: O'Connor Patrick
Published: September 2022

This chapter aims to use Maurice Blanchot’s theory of literature as an interpretive tool for explaining how McCarthy’s work operates in both philosophical and literary registers. Blanchot explains that literary meaning emerges from a resistance to generic classification. I expand upon Blanchot’s position to offer an innovative account of how McCarthy adopts a similar strategy. Pinpointing Suttree as the culmination of McCarthy’s early Appalachian period, I argue that McCarthy’s writing to this point, and Suttree especially, makes apparent the structure of McCarthy’s ontology and ethics through the novel’s execution of both form and content.
THE RIGHT OF A CHILD TO BE BROUGHT UP IN A FAMILY: PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION AND PROTECTION
Authors:   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, LETOVA NATALIE
Published: September 2022

Purpose of the study. In this article, the author considers the right to raise a child in a family in the system of his non-property rights, identifies current trends in the development of legislation, the provisions of which are aimed at its implementation, systematizes the advantages and disadvantages of the current norms devoted to the protection of this right, and identifies the problems of its implementation in practice. The author proves that family upbringing allows the child to realize and satisfy his basic needs, since their realization depends on his parents, who are obliged to properly fulfill their duties towards the child.
LEGAL STATUS OF RUSSIAN CITIZENS ABROAD
Authors:   Moscow Metropolitan Governance University, Moscow, Russian Federation, LOGVINOVA INNA
Published: September 2022

Legal status of the Russian citizen is a debatable issue in legal science to this date. Legal science covers such aspects as elements of the legal status, its types, the correlation between the concepts of “legal status” and “legal standing” of the individual. The legal status of citizens abroad, which is one of the least studied issues, should be emphasized. The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees protection and defence. In the era of globalization, citizens keep travelling vigorously despite epidemic risks. That’s why studying the nature of the characteristics of their legal status has both theoretical and practical implications. Such factors as conflict of geopolitical interests, instability of international relations, efforts by the West to subdue Russia make protection of the citizens abroad relevant more than ever. The purpose of the study is to identify the characteristics of the status of the citizen abroad, taking into account a broad approach towards the term “legal status”. The subject of the study is a legal status of the Russian citizens abroad with the use of formal juridical and systematic analysis. Sources of the study are normative legal acts of various branches of the Russian law, which regulate legal standing of the citizens, as well as international agreements, which guarantee protection and defence of the Russian citizens abroad. As result of the study, conclusions about elements and characteristics of the legal status of the Russian citizens abroad are made.