bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential neural networks prediction using slow and fast hybrid learning: application to prognosis of infections and deaths of covid-19 dynamics
Authors: Chairez Isaac , Poznyak Alenxander , Aniutin Alexander
Published: November 2022

This essay discusses a potential method for predicting the behavior of various physical processes and uses the COVID-19 outbreak to demonstrate its applicability. This study assumes that the current data set reflects the output of a dynamic system that is governed by a nonlinear ordinary differential equation. This dynamic system may be described by a Differential Neural Network (DNN) with time-varying weights matrix parameters. A new hybrid learning scheme based on the decomposition of the signal to be predicted. The decomposition considers the slow and fast components of the signal which is more natural to signals such as the ones corresponding to the number of infected and deceased patients who suffered of COVID 2019 sickness. The paper results demonstrate the recommended method offers competitive performance (70 days of COVID prediction) in comparison to similar studies.
VNE through Generalized Network Temperature
Authors: Wang Shaofeng , Wang Changda
Published: November 2022

A virtual network embedding (VNE) method maps various virtual networks (VNs) onto the shared network infrastructure. The known VNE methods are mostly heuristic. The incomplete node importance evaluation taken by the known VNE methods lead to a low acceptance rate and inefficient network resource utilization. In addition, such methods focus on maximizing the possibility of the virtual network(VN) being accepted, which ignores the cooperation between different VNs and then intensifies resource fragmentation in substrate network (SN). To deal with these issues, we propose a new heuristic VNE method named VNE-GNT based on the generalized network temperature (GNT), which prevents the critical resources of a SN from being overused through optimizing the deployment location of VN request. Furthermore, the distance impact factor is applied to improve the collaboration between the node mapping stage and the link mapping stage. The simulation results show that the proposed VNE-GNT algorithm outperforms other known VNE algorithms in the terms of the acceptance rate and resources utilization.
A Female portraiture in the structure of the Seleukid Royal Iconography
Authors: СМИРНОВ С.В.
Published: November 2022

В работе приводится обзор ключевых проблем царского женского портрета у Селевкидов. Несмотря на то, что женщины царских династий играли важную политическую роль в системе международных отношений эллинистических государств, их изображения немногочисленны. Исключение составляет династия Птолемеев, где женский портрет был устойчивой практикой, зародившейся еще в начале III в. до н.э. Напротив, у Селевкидов женские портреты появляются гораздо позже. Вопреки устоявшемуся в историографии мнению, самым ранним женским царским портретом у Селевкидов стоит считать изображение царицы Лаодики, жены царя Антиоха III, известное по оттиску печати из Селевкии на Тигре. Анализ иконографического материала показывает, что птолемеевский женский портрет представляет собой скорее особый случай, связанный с устойчивой догреческой иконографической традицией. В системе царской идеологии Селевкидов женский портрет как элемент парного портрета царя и царицы выступал инструментом легитимации власти нового правителя. В середине II в. до н.э., ввиду усиления политического влияния Египта, в державе Селевкидов появляется новый вариант царского женского портрета, выстроенного по египетским иконографическим канонам.

The survey provides an overview of the main problems of the royal Seleukid female portraiture. Despite the fact that the women of the Hellenistic royal dynasties played an important political role in the system of international relations of the Hellenistic kingdoms, their images are rare. The exception is the Ptolemaic dynasty, where the female portrait was a long-live practice that originated at the beginning of the III century BC. On the other hand, Seleukid female portraits appear much later. Contrary to the well-established opinion in historiography, the earliest Seleukid female royal portrait should be considered the image of queen Laodice, the wife of king Antiochus III, known from the seal impression from Seleucia on the Tigris. The analysis of the iconography shows that the Ptolemaic female portrait is rather an extraordinary case associated with a stable pre-Greek iconographic tradition. In the system of the Seleukid royal ideology, a female portrait as an element of a jugate portrait of a king and a queen used as an instrument of legitimizing the power of the new ruler. In the middle of the II BC, while political influence of Egypt increases, a new version of the royal female portrait, based on Egyptian iconographic canons, appears in the Seleukid empire.
THE TRIALS OF MAIESTATIS CRIMEN IN THE ROMAN EMPIRE OF THE IV CENTURY
Authors: ЕРМОЛОВА И.Е.
Published: November 2022

В статье анализируется проблема потока обвинений в покушении на верховную власть в Римской империи в период правления императора Констанция II (337–361). Одним из самых важных источников по данной теме является историческое сочинение Аммиана Марцеллина. Текст его «Деяний» свидетельствует о том, что в высшем римском обществе козни и злоумышления были обыденным делом. Злонамеренное поведение мужчин из окружения императора зачастую проявляется не в форме прямой агрессии, а хитрыми, иногда усыпляющими внимание того, на кого они направлены, действиями исподтишка, что более свойственно женщинам. Историк иногда удивляется такому коварству, видя в нем отражение свойств характера обвинителей невинных людей, но в тексте его произведения есть материал, на основе которого можно предположить, каковы были предпосылки необоснованных наветов. Причиной козней могло быть желание устранить соперника по службе, уничтожить политического противника или того, кто стал слишком успешен, а то и просто обогатиться за счет имущества невинно осужденных. Гораздо большая инициативность мужчин в подобных действиях, вероятно, объясняется тем, что у женщин в IV в. было значительно меньше возможностей для участия в общественной жизни. Немногочисленные эпизоды «Деяний», описывающие злонамеренные действия женщин, показывают, что они могли быть не менее коварны и жестоки, чем мужчины. И гендерные различия в данном случае, видимо, минимальны.

In this article the problem of accusations of maiestatis crimen in the period of government of Constantius II (337–361) is analysed. The most important source for this subject is the Ammian Marcellinus' historical work. The text of his “Res gestae” shows, that intrigues were ordinary one in the higher Roman society. The wicked behavior of men from the emperor's environment has displayed not by means of direct aggression, but by means of intrigues, that more characteristic of women. Sometimes the historian sees in such deeds manifestation of bad character of denunciators, but in his work there is material, which allows to propose the motives of intrigues: personal hostility, envy, wish to appropriate other people's money. Men have made intrigues more often, than women, only because that women had not enough possibilities to take part in the public life in the IV century.
MEROVINGIAN QUEENS AND GERMAN POLITICAL CULTURE: GENDER CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FRANKS IN THE 6TH CENTURY
Authors: САЗОНОВА А.А.
Published: November 2022

В статье исследуется граница между допустимой свободой в личных и политических действиях меровингских королев и неординарными поступками Хродехильды и Радегунды, которые привели их на мучительный путь христианского поиска утешения и прощения. Политическая культура франков допускала в VI веке активную позицию для меровингских королев в качестве супруг франкских правителей и матерей королевских наследников. Личный политический выбор Хродехильды и ее стремление к регентской власти при внуках стали причиной трагической гибели ее близких. Глубоко переживая череду драматических событий в своей жизни, Радегунда избрала монашескую стезю и крайние формы аскезы. На примерах этих королев в неоднозначных оценках трех авторов аутентичных источников (Григория Турского, Венанция Фортуната и монахини Баудонивии) были сформулированы гендерные парадоксы для проявлений крайней жестокости, насилия и самоистязания.

The article explores the boundary between the permissible freedom in the personal and political activity of the Merovingian queens and the extraordinary actions of Clothild and Radegund, which brought them on the painful path of the Christian search for consolation and absolution. The political culture of the Franks in the sixth century allowed an active position for the Merovingian queens as spouses of Frankish kings and mothers of royal heirs. The personal political choice of Queen Clothild and her desire for regency with her grandchildren led to the tragic death of relatives. Deeply experiencing the dramatic events in her life, Queen Radegund chose the monastic path and extreme forms of ascetic practices. Based on the contrasting descriptions of these queens, in the ambiguous assessments of three authors of contemporary sources (Gregory of Tours, Venantius Fortunatus and the nun Baudonivia), gender paradoxes were formulated for manifestations of extreme cruelty and violent self-aggression.
Multiple fluid sources in skarn systems: Oxygen isotopic evidence from the Haobugao Zn-Fe-Sn deposit in the southern Great Xing’an Range, NE China
Authors: Liu Lijie , Zhou Taofa , Fu Bin , Ireland Trevor R. , Zhang Dayu , Liu Guangxian , Yuan Feng , Zha Xiangping , White Noel C.
Published: November 2022

Diverse fluid sources and complex fluid flow paths in skarn systems appear to be well documented. Nevertheless, in situ microanalysis of oxygen isotopes by secondary ion microprobe (SIMS) in skarn minerals can provide further high spatial resolution information on this complexity and the formation of skarns and associated ore deposits. In this study, we investigated the Haobugao skarn Zn-Fe-Sn deposit (0.36 M tonnes Zn) in the southern Great Xing’an Range, northeast (NE) China, and the associated Early Cretaceous Wulanba biotite granite. Based on drill hole logging, four early skarn phases are recognized: proximal red-brown garnet-hedenbergite exoskarn, central green garnet exoskarn, light brown garnet-diopside exoskarn, and distal pyroxene skarn. Oxygen isotope analyses of garnet, pyroxene, and other minerals from skarn, oxide, and quartz-sulfide stages were carried out using SIMS to determine the origin and evolution of the skarn-forming hydrothermal system. Garnet from exoskarn has a much wider range in δ18OVSMOW, between –8.1 and +6.0‰, than other stages and minerals. The estimated δ18O values of fluids in equilibrium with the Haobugao skarn vary widely from –5.1‰ to +8.9‰, suggesting that the skarn formed via episodic flux of magmatic fluid and meteoric water. Low δ18O values of cassiterite and quartz from quartz-sulfide stage rocks are +1.2 to +3.6‰, and +5.7 to +5.9‰, respectively, indicating significant contributions of meteoric water during deposition of Pb-Zn sulphides. Therefore, meteoric fluids were periodically present throughout most of the stages of skarn formation at Haobugao.
Synthesis and structural analysis of CaFe2O4-type single crystals in the NaAlSiO4-MgAl2O4-Fe3O4 system
Authors: Ishii Takayuki , Criniti Giacomo , Wang Xiaoyu , Glazyrin Konstantin , Ballaran Tiziana Boffa
Published: November 2022

Orthorhombic CaFe2O4-structured (Cf) Na-rich aluminous silicate (space group Pbnm) is a major mineral of metabasaltic rocks at lower mantle conditions and can, therefore, significantly affect the physical properties of subducted oceanic crusts. We attempted to synthesize single crystals of Cf-type phases in the systems NaAlSiO4, NaAlSiO4-MgAl2O4, NaAlSiO4-MgAl2O4-Fe3O4, and NaAlSiO4-MgAl2O4-Fe3O4-H2O at 23–26 GPa and 1100–2200 °C. Under dry conditions, single crystals of Cf-type phase up to 100–150 μm in size were recovered from 23 GPa and 2000–2200 °C. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction and composition analyses suggest that the synthesized Cf-type phases have a few percent of vacancies in the eightfold-coordinated site with Na, Mg, and Fe2+ and partially disordered Al and Si in the octahedral sites. Iron-bearing Cf-type phases have 32–34% Fe3+ that is hosted both in the octahedral sites and in the eightfold-coordinated site. In NaAlSiO4-MgAl2O4-Fe3O4-H2O system, no formation of Cf-type phase was observed at 24 GPa and 1100–2000 °C due to the formation of hydrous Na-rich melt and Al-rich oxides or hydroxides, suggesting the possible absence of Cf-type phase in the hydrous basaltic crust. The single-crystal syntheses of Cf-type phases will be useful for investigating their physical properties, potentially improving models of lower mantle structure and dynamics.
The Quest For Water
Authors: Marrocchi Yves , Beck Pierre
Published: November 2022

Water played a key role in shaping the Solar System—from the formation of early solids to the processes of planetary and moon formation. The presence of water in molecular clouds influences the initial abundance and distribution of water in the circumsolar disk, which, in turn, affected the water budget of the terrestrial planets and, therefore, their geological activity and habitability. On Earth, surficial and deep-water cycles have largely governed the planet’s geodynamical and geochemical evolution. This issue focuses on the past and present distribution of water within the Solar System and how this important molecule affects astrophysical and geological processes.
Features of neurological status in children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Zabirova K. R. , Gamirova R. G. , Gorobets E. A. , Gaynetdinova D. D. , Volgina S. Ya.
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the features of the neurological status, characterizes group differences in motor functions in children with autism spectrum disorders depending on the presence and severity of delayed psychological and speech development.

Material and methods. The analysis of data on the neurological status of children with autism spectrum disorders was based on 51 patients records for the period from 2016 to 2021; 43 boys (84%) and 8 girls (16%) aged 3 to 10 years. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to the criterion of the presence or absence of a severe delay in psychological and speech development. The first group included children with severe forms of delayed psychological and speech development — 23 (45%), the second — 28 (55%) patients with mild forms or without delayed psychological and speech development.

Results. The children in the first group were characterized by the predominance of diffuse muscular hypotension (96%); stereotypies manifested in movements looking like «wings» (22%), other stereotyped movements (48%); disorders such as echolalia, ataxia, pyramidal insufficiency syndrome, and strabismus were equally common in both groups.

Conclusion. Analysis of the data showed the predominance of several neurological disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders who have a severe delay in psychological and speech development and made it possible to identify neurological characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorders regardless of the level of psychological and speech development.
Blood serotonin concentration in children with COVID-19
Authors: Khusnutdinova L. R. , Sadykova D. I. , Nigmatullina R. R.
Published: November 2022

COVID-19 has a risk of thrombotic complications. Serotonin plays an important role in pathogenesis of thrombosis.

Purpose. To evaluate level of serotonin and its metabolite in the blood of children with COVID-19.

Methods. This study included 72 children aged 3 to 17 years. Of these, 43 patients (mean age 11.2 ± 4.8 years) diagnosed with COVID-19 without comorbidities made up the study group, 29 healthy children (mean age 11.8 ± 3.8 years) — the control group. Concentration of serotonin and its metabolite (5-HIAA) in the blood was determined using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Computed tomography data were used to determine severity of lung damage.

Results. In our study children with COVID-19 aged 3 to 17 years had significantly higher serotonin and its metabolite levels compared to the control group. Concentration of serotonin in plasma in main group was 20–30 times higher than in the same-age control. The 5-HIAA/serotonin ratio in children with COVID-19 is significantly lower than in the control group. Levels of serotonin and 5-HIAA in children with COVID-19 depending on the severity of CT-scan lung damage showed no significant differences.

Conclusion. Serotonin and its metabolite levels in plasma of children with COVID-19 is significantly increased. It may be related to platelet hyperactivation in SARS-CoV-2 infection and increased risk of thrombosis, which requires further research.
Laboratory indicators of nutritional status in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Rakhmaeva R. F. , Kamalova A. A.
Published: November 2022

Children with cerebral palsy are at high risk of developing nutritional disorders: malnutrition, osteopenia, micronutrient deficiency. This is facilitated by motor disorders, restriction of actual nutrition, the presence of concomitant drug therapy, and metabolic features.

Purpose. The study aims at evaluation of laboratory markers of nutritional status in children with cerebral palsy.

Material and methods: for a comprehensive assessment of nutritional status disorders, a cross-sectional analytical study of 175 children with cerebral palsy was carried out. Laboratory studies included the determination in blood of: total protein, glucose, ALT, AST, total and direct bilirubin, cholesterol, creatinine, urea, vitamins A, E, B12, folic acid, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, serum iron, zinc, total iron-binding ability, ferritin, 25-OH vitamin D, parathyroid hormone.

Results. Only in 5 (3%) children all the studied laboratory parameters were within the reference values. The most frequently observed in children with cerebral palsy were: 25-OH vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency in 68% of children, a decrease in folic acid levels in 32%, an increase in vitamin B12 in 32%, a decrease in cholesterol in 26% and creatinine in 16.6%, a decrease in phosphorus in 14.5%, serum iron in 12.4% and an increase in magnesium in 10.3%.

Conclusion. The detected deficiency of some indicators is most likely associated with an unbalanced actual diet of patients with cerebral palsy, although the reduced intake of certain vitamins and microelements was not always reflected in their blood concentrations (vitamin A, E, magnesium, calcium). The levels of zinc, vitamin B12 and A did not decrease in any of the examined children, which casts doubt on the recommendations of ESPGHAN experts in terms of prescribing them to all children with cerebral palsy in routine clinical practice.
The level of serotonin and its metabolite in hemolytic-uremic syndrome in children
Authors: Makarova T. P. , Nigmatullina R. R. , Davlieva L. A. , Melnikova Yu. S. , Poladova L. V.
Published: November 2022

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome includes a triad of symptoms: microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. Given the progressive course of hemolytic-uremic syndrome, up to the terminal stage of renal failure, it is necessary to search for early markers of renal tissue damage as prognostically significant factors in the development of nephrosclerosis, which is of particular importance in childhood to optimize the management of such patients. The analysis of the literature data demonstrates the actual role of serotonin and platelet-mediated effect of serotonin on fibroinflammatory processes in kidney vessels. Thus, changes in the serotonergic system in patients already at the onset of hemolytic-uremic syndrome are of great interest in order to develop new diagnostic approaches that allow optimizing early diagnosis and slowing down the progression of renal damage in this category of patients. These studies will expand knowledge about the role of the serotonergic system in the formation of chronic kidney disease in children with hemolytic-uremic syndrome.
CMV-associated carditis in a 5-month-old child
Authors: Khaertynov Kh. S. , Anokhin V. A. , Makarova K. A. , Khaliullina S. V. , Bulatova A. Kh.
Published: November 2022

The article presents a case of cytomegalovirus-associated carditis in a 5-month-old child. Carditis proceeded in an arrhythmic form and was manifested by frequent ventricular extrasystoles. An increase in the activity of creatine-phosphokinase was noted in the blood. The isolation of cytomegalovirus DNA from the blood, as well as IgM and IgG to cytomegalovirus, made it possible to associate the development of carditis with IgG to cytomegalovirus. Carditis in a child proceeded without signs of heart failure. After diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, the child was discharged home. This case shows that one of the possible causes of carditis in children is cytomegalovirus, which necessitates testing for markers of active cytomegalovirus infection. In this age group, it is possible to register both congenital and acquired variants of infection with heart damage, having different treatment regimens and prognosis.
Liver cirrhosis in children
Authors: Kharitonova L. A. , Grigoriev K. I.
Published: November 2022

Liver cirrhosis in children and adolescents is a consequence of a variety of chronic liver diseases, metabolic disorders, and genetic diseases. In infants, cirrhosis is most often due to biliary atresia and genetic-metabolic diseases, while in older children it usually occurs as a result of autoimmune hepatitis, Wilson’s disease, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Symptoms of cirrhosis in children and adolescents are not specific. In pediatric patients, the first sign of cirrhosis may more often be low weight gain, weakness, loss of appetite, low-grade fever, as well as more specific signs: transient jaundice, mild pruritus, epistaxis, heaviness in the right hypochondrium, changes in liver density on palpation, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperenzymemia, etc. Complications of pediatric cirrhosis are similar to those observed in adult patients and include gastrointestinal bleeding caused by esophageal varices, ascites, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In pediatric practice, special attention should be paid to nutritional correction in liver cirrhosis since children have higher requirements for protein and micronutrients for growth and development. Treatment of cirrhosis-induced portal hypertension in children and adolescents is mainly based on methods developed for adults. The article deals with diagnostic and differential diagnostic aspects of the terminal stage of liver disease in children. The therapeutic management of patients with cirrhosis of the liver and acute renal failure is based on support of various organ functions. Hemodialysis/ plasmapheresis may serve in some patients as an interim therapy before liver transplantation. The indications for liver transplantation and problems arising after surgery are considered.
Prenatal diagnosis of critical congenital heart defects in Kazakhstan: a single-center 8 years’ experience
Authors: Gorbunov D. V. , Abikeeva L. S.
Published: November 2022

Purpose. To give a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the results of prenatal diagnosis of critical congenital heart defects in the Republic of Kazakhstan based on the treatment of newborns at the head cardiac surgery center.

Methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 511 newborns with critical congenital heart defects treated at the National Research Cardiac Surgery Center (NRCSC) in 2012–2019 was performed. The proportion of those operated on was 474/511 (92.8%). The studied parameters were the presence of prenatal diagnosis of critical congenital heart defects (yes/no); prenatal diagnosis formulation; postnatal diagnosis formulation; discrepancy between pre- and postnatal diagnoses (yes/no); for a prenatally diagnosed newborn — the gestational age at the time of the diagnosis and the region where the diagnosis was firstly made.

Results. Prenatally, 297/511 (58.1%) newborns were diagnosed. The rate of discrepancies between pre- and postnatal diagnoses was 62/288 (21.5%). According to the timing of the prenatal diagnosis, newborns were distributed as follows: first trimester screening — 20/272 (7.4%), second trimester screening — 139/272 (51.1%), third trimester screening — 113/272 (41.5%). Up to 22 weeks of gestation, 71/272 (26.1%) patients were diagnosed. Among the newborns treated at the NRCSC, the proportion of those diagnosed prenatally in different regions of the Kazakhstan varies from 20% to 100%.

Conclusions. 1) Prenatal diagnosis of critical congenital heart defects is carried out in all regions of Kazakhstan, providing an acceptable level of detection; 2) in half of the cases, critical congenital heart defects are diagnosed during the second screening, however, there is an experience of their accurate detection as early as during the first screening; 3) individually, doctors of ultrasound diagnostics in Kazakhstan apply an extended protocol for examining the fetal heart; 4) a significant proportion of fetuses diagnosed before the 22nd week of gestation shows the choice of families in favor of carrying of a pregnancy when a critical congenital heart defects is detected; 5) the greatest difficulty for prenatal diagnosis is presented by patients with total anomalous pulmonary veins return.
Records of Monsoon Variability in the Rain-shadow Zone of Western Maharashtra, Based on Multi-proxy Studies of Deposits in Two Historical Tanks
Authors: Magar Arun
Published: November 2022

Global climate change is the predominant socio-economic, environmental and political issue confronting the mankind in the 21st century. The humanity in future is likely to depend upon the realistic assessment of the present climate and reasonably accurate prediction of the future climate change. This requires better understanding of the dominant characteristics of past climates. Lakes and tanks located in the semi-arid and arid regions are particularly suitable for palaeoclimatic studies, because of their high sensitivity to shifts in precipitation. The present study has been carried out using multi-proxies (e.g., textural, geochemical, mineral magnetic and charophytes studies) of sediments of two historical tanks namely, Bhatodi (~450 yrs old) and Mastani (~270 yrs old), from the rain-shadow zone of Western Maharashtra to understand the nature of monsoon variability in the catchment area of the tanks. The multi-proxy analyses of 4-5m thick sediment sections have revealed that with the exception of some minor sedimentary units in the middle, the lake sediments are by and large similar. This implies only short-term, subtle to modest changes in the rainfall and runoff conditions in the catchment area during the last 2-3cm. There is no evidence a major shift in monsoon rainfall conditions in the rain-shadow zone.
Assessment of WRF microphysics and cumulus parameterizations in simulating heavy rainfall events over Badulu Oya catchment, Sri Lanka
Authors: Gimhan P. G. S. , Neluwala Panduka , Acierto Ralph Allen , Raghavan Srivatsan V.
Published: November 2022

Extreme rainfall events leading to severe hydrological impacts warrant an accurate prediction of such events not only on time but also in magnitude. Sri Lanka is a South Asian country that is frequently affected by severe tropical storms. The primary aim of this study was to improve heavy rainfall events forecast during the North-East monsoon over the Badulu Oya catchment, Sri Lanka. This aim was accomplished by simulating precipitation for two extreme North-East monsoon rainfall events using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) model. A detailed comparison was made between the 24-h spatial distribution of model rainfall and observations obtained from rainfall gauges. Verification was evaluated based on three deterministic approaches. Each rainfall event was simulated multiple times using 15 different parameterization scheme combinations including six microphysics and four cumulus schemes at a 3 km grid resolution. The filtered best model combinations were validated using observations from another two heavy North-East monsoon rainfall events. The key finding from these evaluations was that model configurations with WSM5, WSM6, Kessler and WDM6 microphysics, and KF, BMJ and MKF cumulus schemes displayed the overall best performances. Therefore, these combinations have a good potential for operational use in numerical weather prediction over the said catchment.
Influence of the spatial configuration of available data on hydraulic conductivity estimates for a geostatistical-Kalman filter method
Authors: Júnez-Ferreira Hugo Enrique , Herrera Graciela S. , Ávila-Carrasco José Roberto
Published: November 2022

Accurate hydraulic conductivity estimates are vital for groundwater evaluation. Usually, interpolations of hydraulic conductivity data are needed to obtain spatial estimates over larger areas, but the results present a high uncertainty which can be reduced by adding a secondary variable in the estimation. In this paper, the influence of the number and spatial configuration of hydraulic conductivity (K) and hydraulic head (HH) data on the estimation of K is evaluated using univariate and bivariate geostatistical-Kalman filter approaches (similar to kriging and cokriging, respectively). A synthetic case based on a transient groundwater flow model is used to generate different numbers, spatial arrays, and data. With these data, variogram models for the univariate and bivariate cases were fitted and used to calculate the corresponding covariance matrices for the Kalman filter. The results show that K estimates are more reliable when HH data is added than when only K is used, independently of the number and distribution of the data, since there is a better agreement between the calculated errors and estimate error variances. HH data provides valuable information only where K is not sampled. This evaluation could support the design of optimal sampling strategies to obtain reliable K estimates.
Inflow combination forecast of reservoir based on SWAT, XAJ model and Bayes model averaging method
Authors: Chang Zongye , Jiang Zhiqiang , Wang Pengfei
Published: November 2022

Inflow forecast plays an indispensable role in reservoir operation. Accuracy and effectiveness of model prediction play a decisive role in it. In this paper, the certainty coefficient, root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute deviation (MAE) and Nash-Suthcliffe coefficient (NSE) are used to consider the effect of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Xin'anjiang (XAJ) model on the inflow prediction of Jinxi Reservoir. Results indicate that the certainty coefficient of XAJ model is 90.95% and SWAT model is 84.98%. The NSE of SWAT model is 84.42% and the NSE of XAJ model is 82.33% in which the NSE of the SWAT model is superior to the XAJ model. In view of this, based on the two hydrological models results, Bayes Model Averaging (BMA) method is used to study the inflow combination forecast. The SWAT-XAJ coupling model based on BMA method is proposed. During the calibration period and the verification period, compared with single model, the maximum increment of the deterministic coefficient of BMA is 2.87%, the maximum decrement of RMSE is 82.00, and the maximum increment of NSE is 6.80%. This shows that the new model can effectively overcome the shortcomings of single hydrological model and give full play to the advantages of different forecasting models.
Drugs in the GIST Field (Therapeutic Targets and Clinical Trial Staging)
Authors: Huang Chen , Ma Xinli , Wang Ming , Cao Hui
Published: November 2022

Background:

Molecular targeted therapies are the most important type of medical treatment
for GIST, but the development of GIST drugs and their targets have not been summarized.

Method:

Drugs in the field of GIST were analyzed and collated through Pharmaprojects, ClinicalTrials.
gov and PharmaGO databases.

Results:

As of 2021, there are 75 drugs that have appeared in the GIST clinical trials. The six most frequent
targets in GIST clinical trials, in descending order of frequency, were KIT, PDGFRA, KDR
(VEGFR2), FLT3, FLT1 (VEGFR1), and FLT4/VEGFR3. Only 8 drugs are in preclinical research.
There are challenges in the development of new drugs for GIST.

Conclusion:

This article analyzes and summarizes the general situation of GIST drugs, the target distribution
of GIST drugs, and the trends in GIST drug-related clinical trials.
The Efficacy and Safety of Anlotinib Alone and in Combination with
Other Drugs in Previously Treated Advanced Thymic Epithelia Tumors: A
Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Li Shuo , Zhou Haiyan , Zhang Xiqin , Bu Bing , Tao Rongjie , Zhang Hui , Yu Jinming
Published: November 2022

Background:

Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare thoracic malignancies with no
standard second-line treatment. Tumor angiogenesis is closely associated with the pathogenesis and
invasiveness of TETs. Anlotinib is a small-molecule multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)
which inhibits tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Published studies have demonstrated
the promising clinical effect of multitarget TKIs sunitinib and lenvatinib in previously treated TETs.
However, TKIs have a high incidence of adverse events (AEs).

Objective:

In this study, we investigated the clinical efficacy and safety of anlotinib in previously
treated TET patients.

Methods:

We collected clinical data of 22 patients from Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute
between October 2018 and March 2022. These patients were diagnosed with advanced TETs and
received at least the first-line (1st-line) treatment. We analyzed the clinical effects between anlotinib
monotherapy and anlotinib combination therapy in the second-line (2nd-line) or anlotinib
treatment in different lines.

Results:

These 22 patients included 18 cases of thymic carcinoma (TC) and 4 cases of thymoma
(T). 68.2% of patients were males, and the median age was 53 years. Fourteen patients (63.6%)
received anlotinib monotherapy and 8 patients (36.4%) received anlotinib combination therapy.
The objective response rate (ORR) was 9.1% in the overall patients. The median progression-free
survival (PFS) in the overall population was 12 months (14 months for T and 9 months for TC),
and the median overall survival (OS) was 24 months (survival was not reached for T and was 24
months for TC). The incidence of AEs was 50%, most of them were grades I and II, and the incidence
of grades III and IV AEs was 9%.

Conclusion:

This is the first study reporting the clinical effect of anlotinib in previously treated
TETs patients. The survival data indicate that the efficacy of anlotinib is superior to sunitinib and
lenvatinib. Our results suggest that anlotinib is a promising treatment option for previously treated
TET patients and its toxicity is tolerable. More research and patents are needed in the future to
explore better options for the diagnosis and treatment of TETs.
Combined Effect of Fluoride Mouthwash and Sub-ablative Er:YAG Laser for Prevention of White Spot Lesions around Orthodontic Brackets
Authors: Ramezani Kaveh , Ahmadi Elham , Etemadi Ardavan , Kharazifard Mohammad Javad , Omrani Ladan Ranjbar , Akhoundi Mohammad Sadegh Ahmad
Published: November 2022

Background:

Development of white spot lesions (WSLs) around orthodontic brackets compromises esthetics and necessitates additional dental treatments.

Objectives:

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of fluoride mouthwash combined with Er:YAG laser irradiation for the prevention of WSLs around orthodontic brackets.

Methods:

Orthodontic brackets were bonded to 50 bovine incisors. The entire tooth surface was coated with acid-resistant varnish except for a margin around the brackets. The microhardness of the teeth was measured at the respective area using the Vickers hardness test. The teeth were then randomly divided into five groups (n=10) of control (Gc), Orthokin fluoride mouthwash (Gf), 100 mJ/cm2 Er:YAG laser (Gl), laser + mouthwash (Glf), and mouthwash + laser (Gfl). Then, the teeth underwent pH cycling according to the standard protocol for demineralization. The microhardness of the teeth was measured again, and the percentage of change in microhardness was calculated. The amount of calcium released during pH cycling was quantified using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test.

Results:

Calcium release (indicative of demineralization) in the Gf, Gfl, and Glf groups was significantly lower than that in the Gc and Gl groups (P<0.05). The reduction in surface microhardness was also the same in the five groups with no significant difference (P>0.05).

Conclusion:

Fluoride mouthwash combined with Er:YAG laser or Er:YAG laser alone cannot decrease the incidence of WSLs around orthodontic brackets compared to fluoride mouthwash alone.
An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Team Commitment and Conflict Management Orientation in Project Teams
Authors: Coetzer Graeme
Published: November 2022

This study examines the relationship between team commitment and the conflict management approach of project team members. Project team members completed measures of team commitment and situational conflict management (approach used in the project team). Pearson product moment correlations support the hypotheses that team commitment is positively associated with cooperative conflict management approaches (compromising and problem-solving), and the Williams T2 test supports the hypothesis that the association between team commitment and a problem-solving conflict management approach is significantly greater than the association between team commitment and a compromising conflict management approach. This research highlights the importance of examining the potential influence of team commitment on the process of managing project conflict.
Descripción enmendada de Amphilophium pilosum (Bignoniaceae), una especie de Megaméxico
Authors: Rios-Méndez Monzerrath , Martínez-Domínguez Lilí , Nicolalde-Morejón Fernando
Published: November 2022

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Amphilophium es un género de lianas neotropicales de la familia Bignoniaceae con una diversidad de 47 especies. En Megaméxico se localizan cuatro de ellas, las cuales morfológicamente se caracterizan por presentar tallos hexagonales y frutos capsulares con valvas de forma convexa. Colectas recientes de Amphilophium en el estado de Veracruz (México) derivaron en la identificación de A. pilosum, previamente reportada únicamente para Honduras. El objetivo de este trabajo es enmendar la descripción morfológica y presentar la ampliación del rango de distribución conocido de A. pilosum.
Métodos: Se colectó y herborizó material botánico de Amphilophium pilosum en el bosque seco de la región central del estado de Veracruz en México. Se realizaron visitas periódicas para registrar la fenología de la especie en una población ubicada en el municipio Actopan. Se revisaron ejemplares botánicos depositados en herbarios nacionales y extranjeros de manera física y digital de Amphilophium paniculatum en todo su rango de distribución, la cual es la especie más afín en términos morfológicos y filogenéticos. Además, con fines comparativos, se revisaron los ejemplares de todas las especies del género con distribución en Megaméxico.
Resultados clave: Se presenta una descripción enmendada de Amphilophium pilosum acompañada de una ilustración que incluye por primera vez el fruto y detalles sobre los estados de carácter considerados como diagnósticos para esta especie. Adicionalmente, se presenta una clave dicotómica y mapas de distribución para las especies de Amphilophium presentes en Megaméxico.
Conclusiones: México representa el país más septentrional donde se encuentra Amphilophium pilosum. El registro de esta especie aumenta la diversidad del género en México a cinco especies, por lo que se resalta la importancia de continuar con los trabajos taxonómicos que documentan la diversidad biológica.
Evolving Approaches of CSR in India in the Post-Mandatory Regime – An Exploratory Study of Managerial Understanding
Authors: Gokarna Poojaa . , Krishnamoorthy Bala .
Published: November 2022

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has garnered worldwide attention (Jamali and Mirshak, 2007), both in the academic and corporate domains. It has predominantly gained impetus in the developing countries; with nations like India imposing legislative mandates (Subramaniam et al. 2017). India has an extensive history of CSR (Sundar, 2000) but lacks academic depth and understanding of the phenomenon (Dhanesh, 2015); particularly in the post mandatory regime. This extensive exploratory research based on the managerial perspective utilizes semi-structured interviews of 28 CSR managers responsible for implementing CSR within corporates. Thematic analysis of interview data identifies 4 unique approaches adopted by Indian companies and their resultant benefits. It is indeed one of the first researches in India done in both Public Sector Undertaking (PSUs) as well as the Private Enterprises. The study strengthens the existing knowledge base and assists corporates to build their CSR strategies and furthers understanding of companies’ objectives of social development.
Advertising Ethics: Towards a Stakeholder Approach
Authors: Moitra Rimi . , Purohit Neha . , Bhattacharjee Anindo .
Published: November 2022

Advertising ethics is a perineal issue which has been addressed in many different ways in the earlier studies published in leading research outlets. However, a comprehensive stakeholder-based view of advertising is the need of the hour. In this paper, the authors revisit the existing literature of advertising ethics that addresses the multiple issues such as advertising to vulnerable population, stereotyping, deception, ethical issues in online advertising, etc. "A conceptual framework for stakeholder approach to advertising has been proposed by the authors which can be a starting point for future research in advertising ethics that addresses the multiple stakeholders of the business of advertising (e.g. advertising professional, client, agency, regulatory bodies, etc.), the target audience of advertising, and the society.
Búsqueda de Hantavirus y Arenavirus en roedores de Villavicencio, Colombia
Authors: Rojas-Gulloso Andrés Camilo , Sánchez-Lerma Liliana , Fuentes-Ramírez Duván , Chinchilla-Acosta Diego Alejandro , Contreras-Cogollo Verónica , Mattar-Velilla Salim
Published: November 2022

Objective. To search Hantavirus and Arenavirus in small rodents and establish their spatial distribution in disturbed ecosystems in the municipality of Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia. Materials and method. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from October 2018 to October 2019 in periurban and rural areas of the municipality of Villavicencio. Rodents were captured using Sherman-type traps and molecular detection of Hantavirus and Arenavirus was carried out by Polymerase chain Reaction technique. Results. A total of 50 rodents were captured belonged to 3 families and six species, the Muridae (76%) with the highest number of captured individuals, Cricetidae (22%) and Echimydae (2%). All samples were negative for the molecular markers of Hantavirus and Arenavirus. Conclusions. The study of mammalian hosts, particularly small rodents contribute to monitor diseases transmitted by these small mammals that act as reservoirs.
The Association Between Mobile App Use and Change in Functional Capacity Among Cardiac Rehabilitation Participants: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Oclaman Janah May , Murray Michelle L , Grandis Donald J , Beatty Alexis L
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is underused in the United States and globally, with participation disparities across gender, socioeconomic status, race, and ethnicities. The pandemic led to greater adoption of telehealth CR and mobile app use.

OBJECTIVE

Our primary objective was to estimate the association between CR mobile app use and change in functional capacity from enrollment to completion in patients participating in a CR program that offered in-person, hybrid, and telehealth CR. Our secondary objectives were to study the association between mobile app use and changes in blood pressure (BP) or program completion.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of participants enrolled in CR at an urban CR program in the United States. Participants were English speaking, at least 18 years of age, participated in the program between May 22, 2020, and May 21, 2022, and downloaded the CR mobile app. Mobile app use was quantified by number of exercise logs, vitals logs, and education material views. The primary outcome was change in functional capacity, measured by change in 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) from enrollment to completion. The secondary outcome was change in BP from enrollment to completion. We estimated associations using multivariable linear or logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status by ZIP code, insurance, and primary diagnosis for CR referral.

RESULTS

A total of 107 participants (mean age 62.9, SD 13.02 years; 90/107, 84.1% male; and 57/105, 53.3% self-declared as White Caucasian) used the mobile app and completed the CR program. Participants had a mean 64.0 (SD 54.1) meter increase in 6MWD between enrollment and completion (P<.001). From enrollment to completion, participants with an elevated BP at baseline (≥130/80 mmHg) experienced a significant decrease in BP (systolic BP –11.5 mmHg; P=.002 and diastolic BP –7.7 mmHg; P=.003). We found no significant association between total app interactions and change in 6MWD (coefficient –0.03, 95% CI –0.1 to 0.07; P=.59) or change in BP (systolic coefficient 0.002, 95% CI –0.03 to 0.03; P=.87 and diastolic coefficient –0.005, 95% CI –0.03 to 0.02; P=.65). There was no significant association between total exercise logs and change in 6MWD (coefficient 0.1, 95% CI –0.3 to 0.4; P=.57) or total BP logs and change in BP (systolic coefficient –0.02, 95% CI –0.1 to 0.06; P=.63 and diastolic coefficient –0.02, 95% CI –0.09 to 0.04; P=.50). There was no significant association between total app interactions and completion of CR (adjusted odds ratio 1.00, 95% CI 0.99-1.01; P=.44).

CONCLUSIONS

CR mobile app use as part of an in-person, hybrid, or telehealth CR program was not associated with greater improvement in functional capacity or BP or with program completion.