bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ATC Simulators: A situation report
Authors: Harrison R.N.
Published: February 2008

Existing systems generally satisfy today's requirements, but a number of potential improvements are on the horizon …
Cleaning Gas Turbine Compressors
Authors: Brittain David
Published: February 2008

While the hot‐end of a gas turbine, with its high thermal stresses and vulnerability to excessive exhaust gas temperatures, tends to attract most attention from the aircraft engineer, it is the compressor which is the dominant factor in aircraft gas turbine performance. This is particularly true of smaller types of engine and older designs. In these gas turbines any reduction in compressor efficiency can have a substantial effect on the thermal efficiency and service life of an engine. Between overhauls the turbine will be running in relatively clean combustion gases, but the compressor, from the moment it enters service, will be subject to continuous fouling.
An Advanced Helicopter Engine Control System
Authors: Saunders A.F.
Published: February 2008

The Amalgamation of Functions The requirements of the first engine controllers were primarily to satisfy the needs of the engine and, almost as an afterthought, to consider interface with the aircraft and the pilot. The latter resulted in the overwhelming plethora of “essential” ground test‐sets and cockpit instruments that we see today. In a performance and integrity conscious world, beset with ever increasing costs and sometimes decreasing maintenance personnel skills, the engine controller can no longer be considered in isolation from the rest of the system that it serves. The obvious ability of a digital system to self‐check and diagnose itself, its interface with the real world, and to make intelligent decisions based on those tests, has enhanced the case for digital engine control.
The Impact of Composite Technology on Commercial Transport Aircraft
Authors: SMILLIE D.G.
Published: February 2008

Workable application of an emerging technology requires that the impact of that technology be assessed within its operating arena.
AIRMEC '83
Authors: SAVAGE T.
Published: February 2008

The 3rd international Aircraft Maintenance Engineering Exhibition and Congress, AIRMEC 83, was staged in Düsseldorf for the first time. The space‐city style raised walkways, with their oval glass roofing, which link the halls and buildings of the Düsseldorf Exhibition Centre, made an appropriate setting for an Exhibition of modern Aerospace technology. The Exhibition occupied a stand space of approximately 3,000 sq. metres. The displays offered a comprehensive picture of current developments in the servicing and overhauling of aircraft of all kinds. AIRMEC 83 attracted exhibitors from 15 countries. Of the 110 companies taking part, 45 were from West Germany. Britain had the second largest group, with 18 stands covering a floor space of 352 m2. Thirteen of the British contingent were grouped together in a British Joint Venture organised by the British Overseas Trade Board. Visiting the various stands, I found that most of the exhibitors were pleased not only with the attendance figures (2,500), but also with the quality of the visitors. Those attending the show came from 34 countries, and were, almost without exception, members of the technical management of their company or were sales executives. More than half were from establishments with more than a thousand employees. However, on the Friday, which was the last day, a number of exhibitors were complaining about the timing of the Conference in relation to the exhibition. The Conference ended on the Thursday lunch‐time, as a result, attendance at the Exhibition was somewhat sparse on the Friday morning and virtually non‐existent in the afternoon. Many exhibitors felt that the Conference should have been spread over the full period of the Exhibition. During the Conference, experts from 10 countries delivered a total of 32 lectures on aircraft maintenance and overhauling. These ranged from a series of lectures on hangars to training of personnel, design of engine maintenance and computer‐aided maintenance and spares management. The knowledge gained was not only of significance for airlines of developing and emerging industrial countries that have no sophisticated maintenance facilities of their own, but also to long‐established airlines. In times of dwindling profits, every airline has to keep a careful eye on possibilities for cutting operating expenditure, whilst at the same time ensuring optimum safety of the aircraft. Through the international exchange of experience and the presentation of new maintenance techniques, AIRMEC greatly contributed to the achievement of this objective.
A Swiss Alpha Jet Flight Report
Authors: Wicki Rudolf
Published: February 2008

His impression of a flight in the German fighter‐bomber version of the Alpha Jet were summarised in the July/ August 1982 edition of Armada International, the Swiss defence journal, by the Swiss author, who is an active jet pilot. All essential sections of his article are printed below with the kind permission of the publishers.
Advanced Navigation Systems and Fuel Conservation
Authors: SIMPSON Captain C.H.
Published: February 2008

Air Canada's fuel budget for 1982 is $645 million, and represents 30% of the airline's annual operating expense. No single airline expense item has escalated faster than fuel price. Combine this with inflation, high interest rates, general recession and the pressure of de‐regulation, to see that we are guiding the airline industry through a grave financial crisis—and some airlines will probably not survive.
Maintenance Aspects of Modern Avionics
Authors: Brouwer Ir.W.
Published: February 2008

All of us, who are working in this highly interesting field of Avionics, have the same feeling of superiority. We all know that our technology is the heart and soul of today's air transport success. We have enough sense of reality to admit, that in the past, starting with the Wright brothers up to the 1950's, Aviation was dominated by aeronautical engineers. We admit that they really did a good construction job on airframes, wings, engines and so on, but the real thing only started when electronic engineers became interested in Aviation. So in order to prove to those who dispute our growing importance, I thought some trend figures on the rapidly increasing avionics investment percentage, of the basic aircraft purchase price, would be simple and definitely convincing.
Contemporary Seal Designs using Low Friction Materials
Authors: Smith Robert M
Published: February 2008

The paper outlines the growth in low friction materials, the various elastomers available and the seal designs which have evolved around the utilisation of these materials.
New FAA Regulations on Aircraft Cabin Markers
Authors: Parish Dick
Published: February 2008

On Friday October 26th, 1984 the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) published Federal Register 14 CFR Parts 25 and 121 pertaining to Floor Proximity Emergency Escape Path Marking. The register establishes new performance standards which came into force on November 26th, 1984 including retrofit of passenger aircraft certified after January 1st, 1958. Compliance of the register must be achieved by November 26th, 1986.
Building Mechanical Models for Real‐time Simulation
Authors: Marlow William
Published: February 2008

Simulating performance of aircraft and other complex mechanical systems in a computer can reduce product development time and cost. Dynamically exercising these models requires high‐speed computers and specialised software for virtually instantaneous calculation of motion equations for graphic displays.
Helicopter Technology
Authors: Ford Terry
Published: February 2008

HELD in Aberdeen a few miles from the busiest heliport in the world and at the centre of the ever‐increasing North Sea oil market, a recent conference and exhibition detailed developments, needs and advances in the rotating wing field and brought together manufacturers, operators and end‐users to discuss their problems and solutions. The contributions covered a wide variety of subjects and the papers referred to here concern what may be of the most interest to readers of Aircraft Engineering, some of the topics dealt with having been referred to recently in the magazine.
The Impact of CAD on Aerospace Design
Authors: Williamson Mike
Published: February 2008

Advanced computing systems must be employed for aerospace companies to remain competitive and reduce time scales for the introduction of new technology. In this article Dr Mike Williamson describes the advantages gained by a user, and examines the influence of aerospace requirements on the past and future development of computer aided design and manufacturing (CADCAM) techniques.
Prediction of Fuel Freezing in Airplane Fuel Tanks of Arbitrary Geometry — Part 1
Authors: McConnell P.M. , Owens S.F. , Kamin R.A.
Published: February 2008

PHOENICS, a general 3‐D Navier‐Stokes computer program, was used to simulate cooling and freezing of jet fuel stored in airplane fuel tanks. A 3‐D analysis is required for fuel tanks of arbitrary geometry exposed to time dependent and nonuniform boundary temperatures. The work reported in this paper concentrated on 2‐D simulations of fuel cooling and freezing in a wing tank and external (pylon) tanks as a step toward the 3‐D analysis. Significant progress has been made on obtaining plausible solutions over the entire range of conditions considered. The same model, with appropriate changes for fuel properties, could also be used to predict fuel heating in airplane fuel tanks during supersonic flight conditions.
Prediction of Fuel Freezing in Airplane Fuel Tanks of Arbitrary Geometry — Part 2
Authors: McConnell P.M. , Owens S.F. , Kamin R.A.
Published: February 2008

Cooldown of fuel inside a horizontal cylinder (i.d. approximately equal to that of a pylon tank) was modelled with a mixture of 50% glycerine and 50% water (Ti = 65°C). Safety considerations and poor optical qualities at low temperatures precluded fuel from being used in these experiments. The test was started by suddenly imposing a nominal 10°C external temperature field (flowing tap water) on the aluminium skin. Fluid velocities and temperatures were measured during the transient near the mid‐length plane of the cylinder, where end effects were reduced. Therefore, the physical situation at this plane was considered amenable to a 2‐D analysis. Tests were conducted with a full partially full tank and included tests with the tank tilted 10° from the horizontal to determine axial convection effects; this angle approximates an angle of attack during cruise. Tilting the tank produced temperatures at the elevated end which were significantly higher than those at the lowered end, especially for the bottom ½ of the tank where the ΔT between ends was as high as 5°C 30 minutes after the start of test.
Experience of One UK Electronic Equipment Supplier With Bite on Engine/Flight Control Systems Over the Past Ten Years — Part 3
Authors: de Gaye Raymond
Published: February 2008

The lead engine on the Boeing 757 aircraft is the Rolls‐Royce RB211‐535. The transient operation of this engine is largely dependent on the operation of its multiple bleed valves which are located at several different stages of the Intermediate and High Pressure Compressor spools.
CFRP — Wing for the Alpha Jet
Authors: Rose Dieter
Published: February 2008

The end of the development chain of plane load bearing structures in CFRP‐technology after Air brake (series operation), vertical tail rudder (longtime evaluation during operation) and horizontal stabiliser (test flight programme successfully accomplished) is the pressurised wing, designed and manufactured for comprehensive structural tests.
Superlattice Structures ‐ Ways to New Electronic and Optical Properties of Semiconductors
Authors: Erich Kasper Phil.
Published: February 2008

THE element silicon (Si) has attained a dominant position in the field of manufacturing micro‐electronic components. This dominant position is due to properties which will perhaps assume even greater significance in the future. Silicon is universally applicable both for sensors, and for analogue and logic circuits as well as for memory cells. It is comparatively easy to work with. It is completely non‐toxic, and is therefore environmentally harmless. Supplies of silicon are almost limitless; after oxygen silicon is the second most common element in the earth's crust. Silicon crystallises in a diamond lattice (Fig. 1). Its universal applicability as a semiconductor is not synonymous with the optimal suitability for the current special application. The most far‐reaching proposal for overcoming the inadequacies of natural semiconductors came from L. Esaki. A superlattice structure (Fig. 2) is produced by arranging alternate layers of different elements. The atoms A and B are arranged periodically with a period length which superposes the natural period of the lattice. If the period of the superlattice is small (e.g. 3 to 100 atomic layers) new properties would be expected, which arise from the mixed crystals (synthetic semiconductor). The properties of the synthetic semiconductor are controllable by the geometrical dimensions and the concentrations of the superlattice structure.
Innovation ‐The Realities
Authors: Hammond Keith
Published: February 2008

From the poems of Caedmon to Blake's poetical sketches, through to Byron, Shelley, De Quincey and Keats, poetry is poetry is poetry.
The Vital Role of Sensors in Aircraft Engine Monitoring and Control
Authors: Transducer Schlumberger
Published: February 2008

MODERN aircraft engines incorporate numerous sensors for measuring their operating parameters, both in the immediate sense for electronic control of performance and, in the longer term, to monitor engine health. The same or separate sensors may serve these two functions. Many of the control sensors additionally supply signals to cockpit indicators which inform the pilot of the engine condition when adjusting the controls to call for more or less engine power. The sensors are mounted on or inside the engine and consequently experience very severe environmental conditions. The apparent simplicity of some of these sensors belies the considerable expertise that is required to design, manufacture and test them to meet such demanding operating conditions in accordance with the high specification standards set by the aero engine and aviation industries.
Composite Developments
Authors: Ford CEng MRAeS Terry
Published: February 2008

INCORPORATING Tenmat ‘Feroform’ bushes in their construction, carbon brakes, designed and manufactured by Dunlop Aviation division at Coventry, are fitted to the Boeing 757 aircraft of Royal Brunei, Delta, Royal Air Maroc and Northwest Orient airlines, as well as being on order for Air Holland and CAAC of China. This type of brake has wide applications and makes use of expertise gained in both the civil and military fields over a number of years. Concorde and AV‐8B are two examples and in the future, carbon brakes are scheduled to be fitted to the French/Italian ATR‐72.
Tomorrow's Military Airbus
Authors: Hammond Keith
Published: February 2008

The success of the Airbus series, in which BA has a stake, is set to be the event of the next two decades — Europe is, and will continue, selling aeroplanes to the Americans; actually sending coal to Newcastle. This is a formidable achievement and indicates the product has tangible advantages, across the spectrum, over that of the home industry. Even so, such watershed penetration is not only the result of novel and effective technology but is coupled with fiscal attraction and hard‐nosed selling.
Space and the Aircraft Engineer
Authors: Hammond Keith
Published: February 2008

EARTH is in space and it is no more extraordinary for man to use space to look down on Earth, as for centuries he has used Earth to scan the stars. Contrary to popular belief, man took to space and utilised it just as soon as he was given the means. When did the space age begin? Was it the Balloon Post of 1870, or the V2 rockets of 1944 or, Sputnik? Whatever, just as soon as man found he could employ energy to defy gravity, he saw the potential for its use in war — and a good thing too. Where would all who read this be if RAF bravery coupled with space technology had not been in being in 1940?
Hertel — Meeting the Needs of the Aerospace Industry
Authors: Turner Jeff
Published: February 2008

SOLVING complex design problems used to take weeks, even months. Now Karl Hertel can produce a costed set of answers within hours.
Future Aircraft Fuels and Their Effect on Engine Control Design
Authors: McCarthy P.
Published: February 2008

CONCERN about the possible future of fuel supplies and the effect on fuel specifications was felt in the early 1970's, and since that time Dowty Fuel Systems has taken an active policy to ensure that hydromechanical components will be capable of handling aviation fuels which may be expected to appear in future years. A continuing programme of research is in existance which both monitors the trends in aviation fuels and develops controls which will satisfy future requirements.
The Dee Howard Company: CAD Helps Make Their Business Fly
Authors: Millwood Carolyn
Published: February 2008

THE Dee Howard Company of San Antonio, Texas, named after the company's founder and president, is recognised throughout the aviation world as an aircraft completion centre with unique engineering and manufacturing strengths. In its 40‐year history, the company has earned the reputation of being the premier aircraft modification centre holding more FAA Supplemental Type Certificates (STCs) than any other company, as well as undertaking profitable programmes in wing modification, thrust reversers, avionics, and heavy airframe overhauls. Dee Howard has a reputation for innovative products and services backed by a reputation for high standards.
Bintcliffe Turner Ltd
Authors: Wrixon AMRAeS G.R.
Published: February 2008

NUTS and bolts are not the most glamorous of products used in engineering. I never had enough of them when I built ambitious projects in Meccano, so the structures I created tended to lack rigidity. I expect this had something to do with my early days as a tame stressman; then at least I could count on sufficient high tensile steel bolts to give me a reserve factor greater than 2. We tend to look at aircraft and see their smooth rivetted skins and nowadays we marvel at the enormous components made possible by skin milling and composite materials. We overlook the humble nut and bolt But humble though they may be nuts and bolts are still with us playing a vital role and I am sure they always will be.
Composites in Simulation Aircraft
Authors: Broad Tony
Published: February 2008

IT is a fact of life that aircraft are expensive — too expensive to allow them to stand idle. Yet aircraft are needed for things like training and publicity which, though perhaps not productive in themselves, are vitally necessary for operators and manufacturers.
MLS Developments
Authors: Ford CEng MRAeS Terry
Published: February 2008

FIRST suggested as a replacement for ILS some 20 years ago, the time referenced scanning beam Microwave Landing System (MLS) was adopted as an international standard by ICAO in 1978. After many changes, the transition date at which MLS becomes the preferred precision landing aid is now 1998, with ILS downgraded to an optional system. An extension to the ILS protection date extends it to beyond 2000, which means that in some regions ILS will be retained in operational service for many years. However, it is intended to install MLS at major European airports during the early 1990's and the first FAA system is scheduled for introduction in 1989 in the USA.
Real‐Time Systems for Space Applications
Authors: Schwan Ulrich
Published: February 2008

The manifold and complex specifications for onboard software for different applications in space research, such as data processing, attitude control, and automation of experiments require the use of a real‐time operating system. Such a system not only has to fulfill general requirements like support of real‐time and parallel processing; for space research, it must also meet special demands like small storage space and good testability. In addition, it must be able to cope with future hardware and software developments for onboard data processing.
Dan‐Air Present and Future
Authors: Ford CEng PRAes Terry
Published: February 2008

OPERATING a wide range of scheduled and charter passenger and cargo services to destinations in the UK, Europe and the Mediterranean area as well as to the Middle East and the Canary Islands, Dan‐Air Services has also a sizeable engineering organisation. Major third party work is undertaken through its subsidiary Dan‐Air Engineering as well as the support of its own fleet of aircraft. In addition to UK operations, the airline also serves German tour operators out of Berlin and undertakes contract work for oil companies in various locations. From Heathrow and Gatwick as well as more than a dozen other points in the UK the company is increasing its route structure during 1988 and is licensed for several more destinations. Further developments are envisaged when the licences given up by British Caledonian come up for hearing. This year, new services will be operated by Dan‐Air to Madrid, Ibiza and Manon, in addition to an increase of frequencies on other routes.
Advanced Simulation
Authors: Ford CEng MRAeS Terry
Published: February 2008

RECOGNISED by authorities throughout the world, flight simulators have in many cases completely replaced the real aircraft for training purposes. Modern techniques are such that a totally realistic and completely risk‐free environment can be created for learning the skills and procedures involved in the operation of expensive aircraft. The leading European manufacturer of these devices and their associated visual systems is Rediffusion Simulation and recent advances of this company have included a distribution computing system and the first flight simualtor instructor facility to combine touch screen technology with microprocessor control. Greatly improved computer image generation combined with a range of visual display systems has ensured extensive applications in both the civil and military fields.
Advances in CO2 Laser Cutting of Aluminium and Stainless Steel Using RF‐Excited Trumpf TLF CO2 Lasers
Authors: HD Dechamps DIPL. ING. Daniel
Published: February 2008

TLF‐Lasers are designed for optimum cutting results. A research and development programme concerning the cutting process has resulted in major progress in the cutting of aluminium and stainless steel, a description of the process follows.
Tradeoffs in Honeycomb Cored Designs
Authors: Loken Halvar Y.
Published: February 2008

THE design engineer's objective is to create the best solution to a given set of requirements. In addition to meeting load requirements, there are numerous other demands that must be addressed including weight, cost, corrosion resistance, temperature and moisture performance, fatigue, impact resistance and damage tolerance, etc. This article will illustrate the type of design tradeoffs that are encountered when cored construction is evaluated. Two studies will be outlined. The first will deal with the design of a simple part, and will demonstrate the steps of such a design study while highlighting the strengths of cored structures. The second study will be a summary of the actual preliminary design of an entire aircraft component, and will show how cored structures compare with other designs in a more realistic situation. Of course, the conclusions from one design study are not applicable to another situation with different requirements; a new tradeoff study is needed whenever any design requirement changes.
Graphic Recorders in Aerospace Telemetry
Authors: Marsh Roy
Published: February 2008

TELEMETRY is the science by which a measurement of a quantity is transferred to a remote location to be recorded, displayed or used to actuate another process. It typically involves the grouping of individual data measurements in a format that can be transmitted and or stored on a single medium, retrieved from that medium and separated into the individual measurements so they are available for inspection. If there is a more complimentary role for the modern data‐recorder it would be difficult to imagine it.
Corrosion & Non‐Destructive Testing
Authors: Bunce Harold G
Published: February 2008

In the “in‐service” maintenance and inspection of aircraft structures, an uneasy alliance exists between corrosion detection and Non‐Destructive Testing. NDT is a widely used and generally successful way of inspecting for structural defects and as the service life of aircraft is extended and corrosion therefore tends to become a not uncommon structural defect, why should not NDT be as useful in this situation as it often is in detecting cracks occasioned by extended flying hours and increased flight cycles? This paper tries to answer that question by pointing out some of the advantages and disadvantages of NDT applied to corrosion detection in the aviation industry.
New Avionics Packaging for the European Fighter Aircraft Programme
Authors: Cox Stephen
Published: February 2008

THE European Fighter Aircraft (EFA) is an 800‐aircraft programme to equip the airforces of Great Britain, West Germany, Italy and Spain with an agile, single seat, twin engine, air combat fighter. British Aerospace, MBB, Aeritalia and CASA have formed the Munich based Eurofighter company to manage the programme with the work split 33; 33; 21; and 13% to match each country's share of the 800 aircraft.
The Performance of Seeded Gel Abrasives in the Laboratory and at Customer Test Sites
Authors: Lindsay Richard P.
Published: February 2008

Seeded Gel (SG) is a ceramic aluminium oxide manufactured by a sintering process. Each abrasive grit consists of sub‐micron size particles which under grinding force are separated from the grit. This keeps SG sharper than conventional abrasives which can dull as flats are worn on the working points. This wearing of small particles also reduces wheel wear rates and increases the G Ratio: volume of metal removed/wheel wear volume. Because sub‐micron particles are worn away, SG holds form and finish better than conventional abrasives especially at higher metal removal rates and forces. Therefore less dressing is needed, wheel life is increased and higher removal rates increase productivity. Moreover, unlike CBN which may require new truing and/or dressing methods, SG products are easily trued with single‐ or multi‐point diamonds or rotary diamond cutters nor do they require stiffer‐than‐usual machines or special equipment.
Computerised Fuel Management System for the Aviation Industry
Authors: Williams Chistopher
Published: February 2008

AVERY Hardoll Fluid Management Ltd, the Havent based fluid measurement company, has recently launched a new, fully computerised fuel management system called Flow‐Tran.
Undergraduate perception of corporate communications
Authors: Moloney Kevin
Published: February 2008

Examines undergraduate corporate communications, and argues that the division into marketing and non‐marketing components is only partial. Students' curriculum choices often reflect society's rejection of political activity, but involvement in marketing communications can lead to conflictual activity. Presents the case for redesign of the curriculum to reflect the unity of communications, and provides a short, political economy analysis of UK organizations.
Corporate communication in the management of innovation and change
Authors: Hargie Colin , Tourish Dennis
Published: February 2008

Organizations seek to innovate in order to improve their effectiveness. There is, however, some confusion about what the concept of innovation actually refers to and what is involved in the process of innovation. Attempts to clarify the meaning and nature of organizational innovation and examines a number of key communication factors which innovators should take into account.
The changing role of internal communication in tomorrow's company
Authors: Smythe John
Published: February 2008

Posits that the context of internal communication is changing rapidly, and that most organizations are seeking to reduce communications. Identifies nine roles of communication, including: cultural conscience, interpreter of ethics, facilitator of re‐visioning and openness, and communication planner. Concludes that communication is vital for future success.
Messages from CEOs: a content analysis approach
Authors: Clarke Geraldine
Published: February 2008

The message an investment company sends to shareholders in its annual report summarizes and explains the financial and economic performance which is presented. These companies are becoming aware that the annual report is an increasingly potent tool for marketing to potential clients as well as combining their statutory duty to report to shareholders. Uncovers the major themes of the Chairman's report from samples of companies in this sector. In particular, seeks to determine the differences in messages associated with the mission of the company; increasing share value, increasing dividends or both. Also aims to uncover differences in content resulting from positive and negative financial performance. Uses content analysis to uncover the major themes in these annual reports. Methods include word frequency counts, KWIK‐Key Word in Context and concordances which list words by type into construct categories. The smaller the unit of examination the more difficult it is to analyse, but the more conclusive the results. Compares the results of this content analysis with previous research in this area and on this construct Records and analyses them quantitatively using appropriate statistical analysis to determine the strength of association between the variables measured and the hypothetical constructs or categories considered.
Productivity and performance dimensions of corporate communications strategy
Authors: Stainer Alan , Stainer Lorice
Published: February 2008

Analyses and discusses the relationship between productivity, performance and corporate communications, in the pursuit of business excellence. In this regard, develops strategic models, first, to engender competitive advantage and, second, to understand the process of corporation communications within a productivity framework. Corporate communications cannot afford to ignore the matters of ethical concern which should become an inherent part of the organization's culture.
Corporate governance: the challenge for communications practitioners
Authors: Gaved Matthew
Published: February 2008

The effective management of shareholder communications requires a close understanding of both the formal and informal components of companies' relationships with their major shareholders. The ownership of listed companies is very concentrated and typically the ten largest investors control around one‐third of their shares. Although these shareholders are also those most likely to vote, their greatest influence on companies is through their direct relationships and private meetings with key members of the board. These are a key component of corporate governance, but are not consistently effective in dealing with under‐performing companies, nor are investors outside the top ten or 20 fund managers in the UK often involved. Companies and investors need to balance the apparent efficiency of these relationships with their impact on corporate performance. Limited transparency leads to reduced accountability, both of which need to be addressed in the planning and implementation of companies' communications programmes if long‐term shareholder value is to be maximized.
Managing the news for corporate advantage
Authors: Hitchins John
Published: February 2008

Argues that news management is the most appropriate term to describe activities by communication practitioners and others to influence the way the media cover their activities. Suggests that pressure groups are now as effective in gaining media access as government and commercial organizations because they have become proficient at following journalistic and news conventions. This approach is necessary for any organization engaged in persuasive rather than collaborative communication. Concludes that the process of news management needs to be studied from viewpoint of communication practice.
Linguistic context analysis: a new approach to communication evaluation
Authors: Amac Turgay
Published: February 2008

Argues that not only quantitative, but also qualitative evaluation has become a necessity today to legitimize the effectiveness and efficiency of integrated communication activities to CEOs. The integration of computational psycholinguistics can improve corporate communication, and thus becomes a new strategic tool. An electronic dictionary has been created of basic, negative connotations for press releases and other communication tasks, which can be updated with client‐specific words. The focus on negative messages has the objective of detecting who, why and how publics are criticized, to learn from the vocabulary of opinion leaders and to improve issues management proactively. Suggests a new form of analysis called “computational linguistic context analysis” (CLCA) by analysing nominal groups of negative words, rather than monitoring content analysis in the traditional way.
Risks and reputations: the economics of transaction costs
Authors: Burke Terry
Published: February 2008

Uncertainty means that transaction costs have to be incurred by organisations whenever they make an agreement. These costs include time and money spent searching, drawing up and enforcing contracts and in dealing with contingencies. The concept of transaction costs is traced from its originator, economist Ronald Coase, to its more recent development by David Kreps. Good reputations, themselves a product of successful corporate communications activities, tend to reduce internal and external transaction costs. Given a competitive environment those firms with lower transaction costs, as a result of high reputations, will tend to survive better than those with weak ones.
Preannouncements: their role in reputation management
Authors: Herbig Paul , O'Hara Brad
Published: February 2008

A preannouncement is a formal, deliberate, publicly‐issued communication given before an actual event. Preannouncements are an increasingly applied concept of communication whereby a company shares information with an audience or group some weeks, months, or years before its formal introduction. It offers the media information such as financial information regarding prospective mergers, acquisitions or earnings reports. This article looks at who is inclined to preannounce, when it seems appropriate to do it, and to provide recommendations for preannouncement activities.
Lobbying for conflict accommodation — a contingency model
Authors: Jaatinen Miia
Published: February 2008

Presents a modern definition of lobbying suitable for the use of organizational lobbyists and a theory of lobbying as conflict accommodation which arouses ethical considerations. A contingency model of effective lobbying strategies and dynamics of lobbying is developed and tested in a multiple‐case study. Finnish interest group representatives are interviewed to construct cases based on their lobbying efforts on political issues at the national and the EU‐level of political decision making. It is concluded that the definition of lobbying corresponds well to the activities of the interviewees' associations and that it is fruitful to apply the theory of conflict resolution in the study of lobbying. The new model of lobbying reflects the reality excellently. It can be used as a tool for planning and evaluating lobbying in different political issues and at different levels of political decision making.
Strategic insight from media analysis: a European approach
Authors: Grace Hugh
Published: February 2008

Evaluates media responses throughout Europe to environmental issues in the chemical and paper industries, such as emissions, waste reduction and paper recycling, particularly in the face of attacks by non‐governmental groups like Greenpeace. Asserts that quantifiable techniques are available to complement qualitative approaches to the public affairs aspects of corporate communication.
A communication improvement initiative: the case of Merseyside Police
Authors: Varey Richard , McGilvray Steve
Published: February 2008

Offers an account of communication improvement in a UK public service organisation, as part of a strategic review and re‐organisation for improved service delivery, and, with communication identified as a strategic issue during a corporate strategy development exercise, shows how a task force was initiated to drive forward some essential improvements. Discusses ways of managing the inherited approach and the development of a more responsive approach, and details an internal market orientation model which was developed and piloted. Lists benefits secured from the application of the model during a period of strategic change and describes further developments, including the implementation of standards of communication and board briefing systems. Compares the traditional employee communication and internal market orientation approaches.
Managers' and employees' perceptions of communication in a service culture: a case study
Authors: Puth Gustav , Ewing Michael T.
Published: February 2008

Organisational culture is largely the result of the interaction between the people of an organisation over time and communication plays a major role in such intra‐organisational interaction. The prevailing organisational culture will reciprocally determine the communication of the organisation, not only internally, but also externally with all of its stakeholder groups, and particularly with its customers. This external communication is particularly relevant to an organisation's ability to render service to its customers. This article investigates differences in the way in which managers and employees perceive the role of communication in an organisation in the automotive industry. The results indicate that managers consistently evaluate prevailing service‐related communication contexts more positively than employees. It is concluded that progress in service quality can be seriously inhibited by a false sense of security about prevailing service related communication procedures and practices among the managers of an organisation.
The Soft Edge: A Natural History and Future of the Information Revolution
Authors: Varey Richard
Published: February 2008

This is a saga of communication media inventions and their unforeseen consequences, with more than a few surprises. Asimov, Hitler, Aristophanes, and Clinton are just a few characters who make appearances, as do HAL (from 2001: A Space Odyssey), Freud, and Frankenstein. In the footsteps of Marshall McLuhan, Levinson presents his own assessment of the human ecology of communication and the effects of communication media.
The design development process of commercial building projects: two case studies in corporate communications
Authors: Sui Pheng Low , T'ng Daniel L.L.
Published: February 2008

This paper examines the managerial skills and role perceptions between the design leader and the client's in‐house professional staff which affect corporate communications. It also examines the consequential factors that influence the time taken to finalise the design for commercial building projects. Whilst all aspects of the design should be discussed to achieve a good product, the time spent on the development of design should not be so long that it affects the overall construction time and the achievement of the client's desired financial objectives. Each specialist in the design team will have something to contribute to the project which may consequently increase the complexity of conventional design development for commercial properties. The research methodology adopted in this study involves in‐depth case studies of two building projects which fundamentally seek to determine the organisational change, leadership and communication factors that influence effective design development of commercial building projects.
The Australian Cricket Board (ACB): mapping corporate relations
Authors: Farrelly Francis , Quester Pascale , Smolianov Peter
Published: February 2008

Academic research in the area of sports marketing has concentrated on bi‐lateral relationships, such as that linking a sponsor with the recipient of support, or that between the audience and a particular sport. Yet the industry, made of many relationships, involves probably more than the mere sum of all these bi‐lateral links. This paper first relates the principles of relationship marketing to the sports industry and presents a graphical representation of its multiple players and the relationships that bind them. Then, based on qualitative information obtained from the Australian Cricket Board, it illustrates how this industry map can be used by any player in the industry in order to identify and prioritise those relationship links in order to develop successful marketing strategies. It is suggested that industry mapping linked with the relationship marketing focus, can be the anchor for quality service improvements in the sports industry.
Systems analysis of a university library
Authors: Graham MacKenzie A.
Published: February 2008

In presenting some account of the work being done at Lancaster on the systems analysis of a university library, I wish to make it quite clear at the beginning what I do not mean. We are not concerned with “scientific management” as defined in the recent book by Dougherty and Heinritz — time and motion study, work measurement or work simplification, the re‐design of forms and stationery, and all the other paraphernalia of low‐level industrial or commercial management. These admittedly have their place, but only a minor one: it profits a library little if its procedures are all perfect, but all directed to the wrong ends.
A computerised accounts system at the city university
Authors: Stevenson C.L. , Cooper J.A.
Published: February 2008

For the past two years The City University Library has kept a detailed manual record of its internal accounts. The records included details of order estimates and of invoice totals for books, journals, binding and miscellaneous items, and the latter group was subdivided further into totals for photocopying, inter‐library loans, etc. In addition, estimates of expenditure on items recommended by each of eleven teaching departments were maintained against notional allocations in the total library book grant. Records of actual expenditure of departmental requests were not kept as in practice it was found that the estimates were sufficiently accurate for reporting on progress in spending the allocations. Despite a considerable amount of routine clerical effort there were limits to the amount of information that could be obtained from these records. For instance there was no separate listing of orders, or of invoice totals, relating to an individual bookseller.
ICI union catalogue
Authors: Fenn L.R.
Published: February 2008

The purpose of this note, which follows Mr. Maidment's article in the April issue is to describe how a group of industrial libraries adapted to their own situation the program originally written to provide a union catalogue at all the branch libraries of the London Borough of Barnet, and later adopted by Camden.
Library computerisation in West Sussex
Authors: Gordon Bearman H.K.
Published: February 2008

Early in 1962, the County Librarian approached the County Treasurer and the O. & M. Unit to advise on library processes which could profitably be linked to the County Council's newly installed computer. A number of discussions took place, as a result of which it was decided to concentrate on two projects:‐
Project MARC and the ICL 1900 series
Authors: Bayly R.
Published: February 2008

With the advent of Project MARC, librarians have begun to discuss and in many cases decide what use they will make of the mass of cataloguing data which will be available to them in machine readable form.
Preparing for MARC
Authors: Sweeney R.
Published: February 2008

This is a record of work undertaken during a two‐month secondment to the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment (AWRE) Library, Aldermaston from 10th June to 31st July 1968. The purpose of the secondment was:
Making the most of MARC; its use for Selection, Acquisitions and Cataloguing
Authors: Ayres F.H.
Published: February 2008

Procedures are discussed by which all types of libraries irrespective of size can use Marc tapes effectively. Based on the planning for the second stage of the AWRE AMCOS system, the paper proposes that each library establish a Potential Requirements File by a selective intake of new Marc records to provide all the functions of an efficient acquisitions system. These methods for selection and acquisition can be used as the foundations for a cataloguing system. A proposal is made for alerting cataloguers automatically when local cataloguing practice conflicts with that of BNB.
The UK MARC Project: Some Impressions of the Cataloguing and Indexing Group Seminar at Southampton University, March 1969
Authors: Quigg P.J.
Published: February 2008

One might begin by questioning the validity of the term ‘seminar’ in relation to the participation of at least one hundred and forty‐two listed persons. But then, even cataloguers are not immune from the loose usage of terms. A superficial analysis of the attendance showed university libraries to be supplying nearly half the participants (62), compared with thirty from public libraries, seventeen from special libraries, fourteen from library schools, and nineteen others (including ten from BNB), with all parts of Great Britain and Ireland represented.
Computer Handling of Periodical Subscriptions and Holdings at Shell Research Limited, Sittingbourne
Authors: Griffin J.
Published: February 2008

The library at the Sittingbourne Laboratories of Shell Research Limited receives some 700 journals and serial publications per year, the great majority of which are obtained by direct subscription. This expenditure accounts for the largest single item in the cost of our library service and has increased markedly over the past few years as a result of the appearance of new journals and the increase in cost of existing ones. The appearance of new journals may increase the cost by perhaps 3–4% each year, but the increasing cost of existing ones tends to add as much as 15–20% per annum to the cost of maintaining a given journal collection.
Second Cranfield International Conference on Information Storage and Retrieval
Authors: Harding Peter
Published: February 2008

This report appeared originally in Computer Weekly for 18th September, and is reprinted here, with small alterations, by kind permission of the publishers of Computer Weekly. The papers presented at the conference will be published in forthcoming issues of ‘Information Storage and Retrieval’, but copies of preprints may be obtained at Xerox cost price from Mr. C. W. Cleverdon, Librarian, College of Aeronautics, CRANFIELD, Bedford.
Image Storage and Transmission Systems for Libraries
Authors: Cawkell A.E.
Published: February 2008

Report of a conference held at the National Bureau of Standards, December 1969.
MARC II based Mechanised Cataloguing and Ordering System offered as a Package by AWRE
Authors: Corbett Lindsay , German Janice
Published: February 2008

In his paper to the Aslib conference on Cooperation in Cataloguing David Batty mentions the development of two systems to enable a library to exploit the MARC II format for bibliographic data, including of course the BNB and Library of Congress literature tapes. These systems were (a) at the Fondren Library, Rice University, Texas, and (b) the AMCOS (Aldermaston Mechanised Cataloguing and Ordering System at AWRE which will commence full operational tests in March 1970.
On the Communication of Machine processable Bibliographical Records Part 2:The ‘Newcastle’ Communications Format
Authors: Cox N.S.M. , Davies R.S.
Published: February 2008

This paper outlines the proposals for alteration to the present proposed Standard and presents an alternative ‘Standard’ together with an example of the application of this Standard to the present British MARC record structure. The main aims of these alterations are: