bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abnormal maternal serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin free subunits in trisomy 18
Authors: Ozturk Mehmet , Milunsky Aubrey , Brambati Bruno , Sachs E. S. , Miller Susan L. , Wands Jack R.
Published: September 2005

We have measured maternal serum levels of free α and β subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin between 8 and 12 weeks of gestation in 704 women at increased risk for trisomy. This group was studied because of advanced maternal age or a previous birth with chromosomal abnormality. All sera had been collected prior to chorion villus biopsy for prenatal diagnosis. Serum levels of free α and βhCG were determined by specific mono‐clonal antibody‐based immunoradiometric assays. Analysis of chorionic tissue showed that in 38 of 704 (5.4%) pregnancies the fetus had a chromosome abnormality. There were 8 fetuses with trisomy 18 (1.1%) and 9 (1.3%) with trisomy 21. In all pregnancies carrying a trisomy 18 fetus, we observed either high levels of free αhCG or low levels of free βhCG or both. More importantly, the calculated ratio of free βhCG/αhCG was less than 0.25 multiples of the median (MoM) in 6 of 8 (75%) trisomy 18 cases. Only 21 of 666 mothers (3.2%) carrying a normal fetus had a ratio less than 0.25 MoM (P<0.0001). There was no difference between this ratio in trisomy 21 and normal pregnancy. Thus, when adjusted for gestational age, a low free βhCG/αhCG ratio in maternal serum indicates a pregnancy at high risk [RR = 72 (95% CI32, 162)] for trisomy 18.
Cephalometric analysis of the Prader‐Willi syndrome
Authors: Schaedel Robert , Poole Andrew E. , Cassidy Suzanne B.
Published: September 2005

The Prader‐Willi syndrome (PWS) is characterized by short stature, mild mental retardation, and a characteristic face. Approximately 75% of all patients have a del (15q). Ceph‐alometric roentgenograms of 20 PWS patients of both sexes (12 adults, 8 children, age 4.5–50.0 years) were analyzed to determine if the facial appearance is reflected in changes in the bony architecture, a characteristic which might be useful in diagnosis and/or dental treatment of these individuals. PWS subjects were compared with chronologic age and sex‐matched control individuals derived from the Denver Growth study using 52 point computer analyzed lateral head‐plate tracings performed by the same individual (RS). The mean Z‐score differences for mandibular and maxillary total length, ramus height, mandibular corpus length, posterior facial height, and mid‐facial height were all significantly smaller in >65% of the PWS subjects; this was more evident in the PWS children. The Z‐score difference for posterior cranial base was very large in most PWS adults and children whereas lower facial height was small or normal in all subjects. No statistical difference in mean Z‐score measurements was found for all these measures in PWS subjects with or without the 15q chromosome deletion. The overall small bony structures contrast with the relatively large soft tissue draping seen especially in obese adults. The data suggest that a characteristic bony model might be created for PWS which could be of use in diagnosis and in the treatment of PWS patients by their orthodontist.
Expanded spectrum of findings in Marden‐Walker syndrome
Authors: Giacoia George P. , Pineda Ramon
Published: September 2005

Recently, we examined a small‐for‐gestational age infant with blepharophimosis, congenital contractures of elbows, hips, and knees, fixed facial expression, and hypotonia. These congenital anomalies are consistent with a diagnosis of the Marden‐Walker syndrome. The infant also had an omphalomesenteric duct, left hypoplastic kidney, hypoplastic right lower lobe of the lung, and displacement of the larynx to the right; these anomalies have not been described previously in this syndrome. A summary of the clinical manifestations of the previously reported patients is presented.
Partial trisomy 18 with minimal anomalies: Lack of correspondence between phenotypic manifestations and triplicated loci along chromosome 18
Authors: Wilson Golder N. , Heller Karen B. , Elterman Roy D. , Schneider Nancy R.
Published: September 2005

A 2‐year‐old boy with microcephaly, developmental delay, and minimal anomalies was found to have an extra submetacentric chromosome equivalent to 18pter‐→q12. Review of the phenotypes produced by various triplicated 18 regions supports the hypothesis that no one chromosome 18 region is sufficient to produce the phenotype of trisomy 18. The mild phenotype of trisomy 18p, the variable phenotype of trisomy 18pter‐→q12, and the discontinuous phenotype of triplication for band 18q12 alone emphasizes that the contribution of triplicated loci to the phenotype is neither additive nor invariant.
SOX2 mutation causes anophthalmia, hearing loss, and brain anomalies
Authors: Hagstrom Stephanie A. , Pauer Gayle J.T. , Reid Janet , Simpson Ellen , Crowe Sue , Maumenee Irene H. , Traboulsi Elias I.
Published: September 2005

The SOX2 transcription factor is expressed early in the embryonic stem cells of the blastocyst and later in the neural stem cells. It is a member of the SOX family of proteins that carry a DNA‐binding high‐mobility group domain and additional domains that regulate embryonic development and cell fate determinations. We surveyed 93 patients with severe eye malformations for mutations in SOX2. Here, we report a novel nonsense mutation in one female patient with bilateral clinical anophthalmia, absence of all optic pathways, and other neurological abnormalities. The mutation, Q155X, creates a premature termination codon early in the transcriptional activation domain and is likely to be a null allele. Our data show that mutations in SOX2 can cause not only anophthalmia, but also aplasia of the optic nerve, chiasm and optic tract, as well as modest bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and global developmental delay, underscoring the importance of SOX2 in early human eye and brain development. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Screening for new MTHFR polymorphisms and NTD risk
Authors: O'Leary Valerie B. , Mills James L. , Parle‐McDermott Anne , Pangilinan Faith , Molloy Anne M. , Cox Christopher , Weiler Andrea , Conley Mary , Kirke Peadar N. , Scott John M. , Brody Lawrence C.
Published: September 2005

The enzyme, 5,10‐methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) plays a key role in cellular folate metabolism. The A222V (677C‐>T) polymorphism is a confirmed neural tube defect (NTD) risk factor within Irish and other populations. To search for other unknown single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that might play a role in the etiology of NTDs, we examined the entire MTHFR coding region in healthy individuals (n = 100). SNPs were identified using sequencing and database analysis and allele frequencies were determined in our Irish population. We identified P39P (116C‐>T; T allele frequency 0.13) and previously reported R594Q (1793G‐>A; Q allele frequency 0.07). We screened a large ethnically homogeneous Irish NTD cohort (n>1,300) for P39P and R594Q. A possible association between NTD cases and P39P (P = 0.034) was found but this was not confirmed by transmission disequilibrium testing. R594Q also showed some evidence of a NTD case association (P = 0.07). Further analysis indicated these observations are due to linkage disequilibrium with A222V (677C‐>T), and therefore these new SNPs are unlikely to be independent risk factors for NTDs. As rates of NTDs differ between ethnic groups, we examined allele and genotype frequencies of P39P and R594Q within African‐American and American‐Caucasian populations. This is the first NTD association study of both R594Q and the novel P39P. The association with NTD risk reported for these SNPs is driven by the linkage disequilibrium with the A222V (677C‐>T) NTD risk factor. Published 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Developmentally regulated expression of Shh and Ihh in the developing mouse cranial base: Comparison with Sox9 expression
Authors: Nie Xuguang , Luukko Keijo , Kvinnsland Inger Hals , Kettunen Päivi
Published: September 2005

The cranial base, located between the cranial vault and the facial bones, plays an important role in integrated craniofacial development and growth. Transgenic Shh and Sox9‐deficient mice show similar defects in cranial base patterning. Therefore, in order to examine potential interactions of Shh, Ihh, another member of the Hh family, and Sox9 during cranial base development and growth, we investigated their cellular mRNA expression domains in the embryonic (E) and early postnatal (PN) cranial base from E10 to PN5 using sectional radioactive 35‐S in situ hybridization. Of the Hhs, Shh was observed in the foregut epithelium and the notochord, while Sox9 showed broad expression in the loose mesenchyme of the cranial base area during E10–E11. Subsequently, from E12 onward, all genes were observed in the developing cranial base, and after birth the genes were prominently colocalized in the prehypertrophic chondrocytes of the synchondroses. Collectively, these data suggest that Hh‐Sox9 auto‐ and paracrine signaling interactions may provide a critical mechanism for regulating the patterning of the cranial base as well as for its development and growth. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fasting serum sulfate levels before and after development of osteoarthritis in participants of the veterans administration normative aging longitudinal study do not differ from levels in participants in whom osteoarthritis did not develop
Authors: Blinn Christina M. , Dibbs Elaine R. , Hronowski Lucjan J. J. , Vokonas Pantel S. , Silbert Jeremiah E.
Published: September 2005

Objective

To determine whether the development of osteoarthritis (OA) in men over a 33‐year period is related to lower sulfate levels in stored serum collected during that time interval.

Methods

Stored serum samples from participants in the Veterans Administration Normative Aging Study were assayed for sulfate by ion‐exchange chromatography. Samples had been obtained every 3–5 years during part or all of a 33‐year portion of the study. Sulfate levels were determined in serum from all participants who underwent knee replacement surgery and had evidence of radiographic hand OA, from some of the participants who had evidence of radiographic hand OA but had not undergone knee replacement surgery, from all participants who underwent knee replacement surgery but had no evidence of radiographic hand OA, and from age‐matched participants who had no evidence of OA by history, physical examination, or hand radiography.

Results

Serum sulfate levels in participants, with or without radiographic hand OA and/or knee replacements, who were ages 34–72 years at the first examination, ranged from 0.21 mM to 0.51 mM over the course of a maximum of 33 years. Both the overall mean and median sulfate levels rose from 0.32 mM at age 40–50 years to 0.38 mM at age 70–80 years, and the overall mean and median for all ages was 0.36 mM. There were no significant differences in sulfate levels between subjects in any of the 4 groups.

Conclusion

There was no evidence of a relationship between these serum sulfate levels and the development of OA. However, all samples were collected after overnight fasting, and no participant was younger than age 34 years at the initiation of the study. It remains to be determined whether differences in the time of ingestion of daily dietary protein providing sulfate are related to the development of OA, or whether sulfate levels measured at an earlier age could be a factor.
Secondary gait changes in patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis: Increased load at the ankle, knee, and hip during walking
Authors: Mündermann Annegret , Dyrby Chris O. , Andriacchi Thomas P.
Published: September 2005

Objective

This study tested the hypothesis that gait changes related to knee osteoarthritis (OA) of varied severity are associated with increased loads at the ankle, knee, and hip.

Methods

Forty‐two patients with bilateral medial compartment knee OA and 42 control subjects matched for sex, age, height, and mass were studied. Nineteen patients had Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L) radiographic severity grades of 1 or 2, and 23 patients had K/L grades of 3 or 4. Three‐dimensional kinematics and kinetics were measured in the hip, knee, and ankle while the subjects walked at a self‐selected speed.

Results

Patients with more severe knee OA had greater first peak knee adduction moments than their matched control subjects (P = 0.039) and than patients with less severe knee OA (P < 0.001). All patients with knee OA made initial contact with the ground with the knee in a more extended position than that exhibited by control subjects. An increased axial loading rate was present in all joints of the lower extremity. Patients with more severe knee OA had lower hip adduction moments compared with their matched control subjects.

Conclusion

The secondary gait changes observed among patients with knee OA reflect a potential strategy to shift the body's weight more rapidly from the contralateral limb to the support limb, which appears to be successful in reducing the load at the knee in only patients with less severe knee OA. The increased loading rate in the lower extremity joints may lead to a faster progression of existing OA and to the onset of OA at joints adjacent to the knee. Interventions for knee OA should therefore be assessed for their effects on the mechanics of all joints of the lower extremity.
The genetic contribution to longitudinal changes in knee structure and muscle strength: A sibpair study
Authors: Zhai Guangju , Ding Changhai , Stankovich James , Cicuttini Flavia , Jones Graeme
Published: September 2005

Objective

To estimate the heritability of longitudinal changes in knee cartilage volume, chondral defects, subchondral bone size, and lower limb muscle strength.

Methods

A sibpair design was used. Longitudinal changes in lateral and medial tibial cartilage volume and bone size, as well as progression of chondral defects, were determined on serial magnetic resonance images. Radiographs were obtained and scored for individual features of radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) at baseline. Lower limb muscle strength was measured by dynamometry. Heritability was estimated using the SOLAR software package.

Results

A total of 115 subjects (55 men and 60 women, mean age 45 years) from 48 families representing 95 sibling pairs were successfully followed up for a mean of 2.4 years. The adjusted heritability estimates for changes in cartilage volume were 73% for the medial compartment (P < 0.01) and 40% for the lateral compartment (P = 0.10). The adjusted heritability estimates for changes in bone size were 62% for the lateral compartment (P = 0.03) and 20% for the medial compartment (P = 0.22). The adjusted heritability estimate for changes in muscle strength was 64% (P = 0.01). The adjusted heritability estimates for progression of chondral defects were 80% for the lateral compartment (P = 0.06) and 98% for the medial compartment (P = 0.03). These estimates changed little after adjusting for each other and for the predominantly mild radiographic OA, with the exception of progression of chondral defects in the lateral compartment.

Conclusion

Early longitudinal changes in knee structures of relevance to later OA, such as changes in medial tibial cartilage volume, lateral tibial bone size, progression of chondral defects, and muscle strength, have high heritability, most likely reflecting a strong genetic component and suggesting their potential to be studied in quantitative trait linkage and association analysis.
Bone marrow abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging are associated with type II collagen degradation in knee osteoarthritis: A three‐month longitudinal study
Authors: Garnero P. , Peterfy C. , Zaim S. , Schoenharting M.
Published: September 2005

Objective

Using radiography to assess the efficacy of a disease‐modifying osteoarthritis (OA) drug on joint structure is challenging. Subchondral bone marrow abnormalities determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and urinary excretion of C‐terminal crosslinking telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX‐II) have recently been shown to be predictors of radiographic progression in patients with knee OA, suggesting that these may represent valuable biomarkers with increased sensitivity compared with findings on radiography. The aims of this investigation were to analyze, in patients with knee OA, whether the values associated with these 2 OA biomarkers can change within 3 months, and to investigate the relationships between bone marrow abnormalities and CTX‐II.

Methods

Knee MRI scans were obtained in 377 patients with painful knee OA (76% women, mean age 63 years, mean disease duration 6.6 years) at both baseline and 3 months. The femoral and tibial condyles and the patella were divided into 8 sites for the scoring of bone marrow abnormalities. A bone marrow abnormality was defined as an area of increased signal on T2‐weighted images of the subchondral bone. All scans were reviewed centrally and scored by a single trained radiologist using a validated 4‐point scoring method. Fasting urine and serum samples were also collected from all patients at baseline, month 1, month 2, and month 3, in order to measure the levels of urinary CTX‐II and serum CTX‐I, a biochemical marker of bone resorption.

Results

At baseline, 82% of patients had MRI evidence of bone marrow abnormalities. Bone marrow abnormality scores correlated significantly with CTX‐II levels (P < 0.0001). Within 3 months, the bone marrow abnormality score decreased in 37 patients (9.8%), increased in 71 patients (18.8%), and did not change in the majority of patients (71.4%). Patients with baseline urinary CTX‐II levels in the highest tertile had a relative risk of 2.4 (95% confidence interval 1.1–5.0) of worsening bone marrow abnormalities at 3 months compared with patients with levels in the lowest tertile, after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index. In patients who showed a decrease in the bone marrow abnormality score at 3 months, urinary CTX‐II levels decreased significantly (mean −75 ng/mmole creatinine), whereas levels increased (mean +23 ng/mmole creatinine) in patients showing an increase in the bone marrow abnormality score (P = 0.01 between the 2 groups). No significant association between bone marrow abnormalities and serum CTX‐I was observed.

Conclusion

In patients with painful knee OA, bone marrow abnormalities on MRI can change within only 3 months in ∼30% of patients. Reduction in the extent of bone marrow abnormalities is associated with a decrease in cartilage degradation.
Who posts DeCSS and why?: A content analysis of Web sites posting DVD circumvention software
Authors: Eschenfelder Kristin R. , Glenn Howard Robert , Desai Anuj C.
Published: September 2005

This study explored why Web authors post the DVD decryption software known as DeCSS—specifically whether authors post DeCSS to protest changes in copyright law. Data are drawn from content analysis of Web sites posting the software. Most DeCSS posters did not include any content explaining why they posted DeCSS; however, no authors presented DeCSS as a piracy tool. Of sites containing explanatory content, many argued that DeCSS is a legitimate tool to play DVDs on free/open source computers. Other sites asserted that current copyright law is unjust, and that DVD‐related corporations are engaging in undesirable behaviors. Based on the data, and theorizing from rhetoric and the collective action literatures, we assert that much DeCSS posting is protest, but it may not be copyright protest—numerous posters protest related issues such as freedom of speech. More research is needed to determine the significance of DeCSS posting to broader copyright policy debates including its relation to off‐line protest, and the development of shared identities and cognitive frames. Also, the complexities of circumvention issues raise concerns about whether policy debate will be limited to elites. Finally, data point to the need to understand both international and local laws, norms, and events when studying copyright protest activity.
A validated chiral HPLC method for the determination of mebeverine HCl enantiomers in pharmaceutical dosage forms and spiked rat plasma
Authors: Radwan Mahasen A. , Abdine Heba H. , Aboul‐Enein Hassan Y.
Published: September 2005

A new, precise, simple and accurate HPLC method was developed for the first time to separate and determine mebeverine enantiomers. Enantiomeric resolution was achieved on a cellulose Tris (3,5‐dimethylphenyl carbamate) column known as Chiralcel OD, with UV detection at 263 nm. The mobile phase consisted of n‐hexane, isopropyl alcohol and triethylamine (90:9.9:0.1 v/v/v). Sample run time was 18 min. On using the chromatographic conditions described, mebeverine enantiomers were well resolved with mean retention times of about 11 and 14 min. A linear response (r > 0.999) was observed over the concentration range 0.5–20 µg/mL racemic mebeverine. Precision, accuracy and stability were studied according to ICH guidelines. The limit of detection was found to be 0.05 µg/mL for each enantiomer of mebeverine. The proposed method was applied for analysis of mebeverine in commercially available tablets dosage formulations. Examples of application to biological samples are also given. Reanalysis of samples several weeks after the initial analysis showed no degradation of mebeverine. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method for the assay of glucosamine sulfate in human plasma: validation and application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Huang Tao‐Min , Cai Lei , Yang Bei , Zhou Man‐Xiang , Shen Yun‐Fei , Duan Geng‐Li
Published: September 2005

A liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS) method was developed and validated for the assay of glucosamine sulfate in human plasma. Plasma proteins were precipitated by acetonitrile, followed by vortex mixing and centrifugation. The supernatant was transferred and derivatized with phenyl iso‐thiocyanate in acetonitrile at 60°C for 40 min. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column (Inertsil ODS‐3 150 × 2.1 mm i.d., 5 µm, JP) with a mobile phase gradient consisting of 0.2% acetic acid (aqueous) and methanol at a flow‐rate of 0.3 mL/min. MS detection using electrospray ionization (ESI) as an interface was used in single ion monitoring mode to determine positive ions at m/z 297. This method was shown to be selective and sensitive for glucosamine sulfate. The limit of detection was 35 ng/mL for glucosamine sulfate in plasma and the linear range was 0.1–20 µg/mL in plasma with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9991. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intra‐day and inter‐day assays were 8.7–11.4 and 9.8–12.6%, respectively. Extraction recoveries of glucosamine sulfate in plasma were greater than 73%. This method proved to be simple, reproducible and feasible for pharmacokinetic studies of glucosamine sulfate in healthy volunteers after a single oral administration (1500 mg). The pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailabilities were investigated for both domestic glucosamine sulfate tablet and capsule preparations compared with an imported capsule product. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diastereoselective Reactions at Enantiomerically Pure, Sterically Congested Cyclohexanes as an Entry to Wailupemycins A and B: Total Synthesis of (+)‐Wailupemycin B
Authors: Kirsch Stefan F. , Bach Thorsten
Published: September 2005

Wailupemycin A (1) and B (2) are polyketide natural products with a highly substituted cyclohexanone core. Three different routes for the syntheses of these compounds were pursued, which commenced from either (R)‐(−)‐carvone (ent‐5) or (S)‐(+)‐carvone (5). In the first approach it was attempted to construct the skeleton of wailupemycin A from triol 19 (nine steps from ent‐5; 19 % yield) by a sequence of diastereoselective epoxidation, nucleophilic ring opening at C‐13 and carbonyl addition at C‐5. The synthetic plan failed at the stage of the carbonyl addition to aldehyde 27, which had been obtained in seven steps (18 % yield) from triol 19. The second route included an epoxide ring opening at C‐13 and a carbonyl addition at C‐7 as key steps. It could have led to either wailupemycin A or B depending on the diastereoselectivity of the addition step. Starting from allylic alcohol 30 (six steps from ent‐5; 59 % yield) the cyclohexanone 28 was obtained in five steps (54 % yield). Unfortunately, the carbonyl addition failed also in this instance. In the eventually successful third attempt the skeleton of wailupemycin B was built from cyclohexanone 43 (eight steps from 5; 53 % yield) by highly diastereoselective carbonyl addition reactions at C‐7 and C‐12. The phenyl group at C‐14 was introduced at a late stage of the synthetic sequence. Careful protecting group manipulation finally allowed for the total synthesis of (+)‐wailupemycin B. The absolute and relative configuration of the natural product was unambiguously confirmed. The total yield of wailupemycin B amounted to 6 % over 23 steps starting from (S)‐(+)‐carvone (5).
Isothermal Section of the Cu2Se—HgSe—GeSe2 System at 670 K and Crystal Structures of the Compounds Cu2HgGeSe4 and HT‐Modification of Cu2HgGeS4.
Authors: Olekseyuk I. D. , Marchuk O. V. , Gulay L. D. , Zhbankov O. Ye.
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nanostructuring, Compositional Fluctuations, and Atomic Ordering in the Thermoelectric Materials AgPbmSbTe2+m. The Myth of Solid Solutions.
Authors: Quarez Eric , Hsu Kuei‐Fang , Pcionek Robert , Frangis N. , Polychroniadis E. K. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G.
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Conductivity, Hall Effect and Thermoelectric Power of SnS Single Crystals.
Authors: Nassary M. M.
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Crystal Structures, Electronic Properties, and Pressure‐Induced Superconductivity of the Tetrahedral Cluster Compounds GaNb4S8, GaNb4Se8, and GaTa4Se8.
Authors: Pocha Regina , Johrendt Dirk , Ni Bingfang , Abd‐Elmeguid Mohsen M.
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Structural and Magnetic Properties of LnMn6Sn≈4Ge≈2 Compounds (Ln: Sc, Y, Nd, Sm, Gd—Tm, Lu).
Authors: Venturini G.
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Designed Ferromagnetic, Ferroelectric Bi2NiMnO6.
Authors: Azuma Masaki , Takata Kazuhide , Saito Takashi , Ishiwata Shintaro , Shimakawa Yuichi , Takano Mikio
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Efficient Photochemical Conversion of N2O into N2 and O2 by 193‐nm‐ArF‐Excimer Laster in N2 or Air at Atmospheric Pressure.
Authors: Tsuji Masaharu , Sako Hiroshi , Noda Kenji , Senda Makoto , Hamagami Taro , Tsuji Takeshi
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Layered Fluorinated Gallium Phosphate Organically Templated by Propane‐1,3‐diaminium, an Analogue of the Aluminophosphate MIL‐12: Ga2 (PO4) F5×C3H12N2.
Authors: Loiseau Thierry , Ferey Gerard
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
[(Ni—Ni—Ni)@(Ge9)2]4‐: A Linear Triatomic Nickel Filament Enclosed in a Dimer of Nine‐Atom Germanium Clusters.
Authors: Goicoechea Jose M. , Sevov Slavi C.
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Samarium Diiodide Catalyzed Diastereoselective Pinacol Couplings.
Authors: Aspinall Helen C. , Greeves Nicholas , Valla Carine
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The First Asymmetric Catalytic Halo Aldol Reaction of β‐Iodo Allenoates with Aldehydes by Using Chiral Salen Catalyst.
Authors: Chen Dianjun , Guo Li , Kotti S. R. S. Saibabu , Li Guigen
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
([2]Paracyclo[2](5,8)quinolinophan‐2‐yl)carbinols as Catalysts for Diethylzinc Addition to Aldehydes: Cooperative Effects of Planar and Central Chirality on the Asymmetric Induction.
Authors: Ricci Giacomo , Ruzziconi Renzo
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantioselective Alkynylations of Aromatic and Aliphatic Aldehydes Catalyzed by Terpene Derived Chiral Amino Alcohols.
Authors: Watts Cian Christopher , Thoniyot Praveen , Hirayama Lacie C. , Romano Talia , Singaram Bakthan
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polymer‐Supported Chiral Sulfonamide Catalyzed One‐Pot Reduction of β‐Keto Nitriles: A Practical Synthesis of (R)‐Fluoxetine and (R)‐Duloxetine.
Authors: Wang Guangyin , Liu Xingshun , Zhao Gang
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Chiral Bis(diphenylphospholane) Ligands: Design, Synthesis, and Application to Catalytic Enantioselective Aldol Reaction to Ketones.
Authors: Oisaki Kounosuke , Zhao Dongbo , Suto Yutaka , Kanai Motomu , Shibasaki Masakatsu
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Wittig Reactions of Stabilized Phosphorus Ylides with Aldehydes in Water.
Authors: Wu Jinlong , Zhang Da , Wei Shaoyong
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Michael Reaction of 1,3‐Dicarbonyls with Enones Catalyzed by a Hydroxyapatite‐Bound La Complex.
Authors: Mori Kohsuke , Oshiba Michitaka , Hara Takayoshi , Mizugaki Tomoo , Ebitani Kohki , Kaneda Kiyotomi
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Gold‐Catalyzed Assembly of Heterobicyclic Systems.
Authors: Zhang Liming , Kozmin Sergey A.
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Serial Ligand Catalysis: A Highly Selective Allylic C—H Oxidation.
Authors: Chen Mark S. , Prabagaran Narayanasamy , Labenz Nathan A. , White M. Christina
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols Assisted by a Simple Alkene.
Authors: Cho Chan Sik , Kim Dae Yong , Shim Sang Chul
Published: September 2005

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Efficient and Mild Oxidative Nuclear Thiocyanation of Activated Aromatic Compounds Using Ammonium Thiocyanate and Diacetoxyiodobenzene.
Authors: Karade N. N. , Tiwari G. B. , Shirodkar S. G. , Dhoot B. M.
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Rare Earth(III) Perfluorooctanesulfonates Catalyzed Friedel—Crafts Alkylation in Fluorous Biphase System.
Authors: Yi Wen‐Bin , Cai Chun
Published: September 2005

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Acid‐Catalyzed Synthesis and Deprotection of Dimethyl Acetals in a Miniaturized Electroosmotic Flow Reactor.
Authors: Wiles Charlotte , Watts Paul , Haswell Stephen J.
Published: September 2005

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Highly Selective Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds from Their Oximes and Semicarbazones in Aqueous Medium.
Authors: Bhar Sanjay , Guha Sharmistha
Published: September 2005

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Facile Preparation of Various Heteroaromatic Compounds via Azatitanacyclopentadiene Intermediates.
Authors: Suzuki Daisuke , Nobe Youhei , Watai Yuko , Tanaka Ryoichi , Takayama Yuuki , Sato Fumie , Urabe Hirokazu
Published: September 2005

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Highly Chemoselective Multicomponent Biginelli‐Type Condensations of Cycloalkanones, Urea or Thiourea and Aldehydes.
Authors: Zhu Yu‐lin , Huang Shen‐lin , Pan Yuan‐jiang
Published: September 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Highly Enantioselective and Regioselective Nickel‐Catalyzed Coupling of Allenes, Aldehydes, and Silanes.
Authors: Ng Sze‐Sze , Jamison Timothy F.
Published: September 2005

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Synthesis of γ‐Fluoro‐α‐amino Acids by Claisen Rearrangement.
Authors: Tranel Frank , Froehlich Roland , Haufe Guenter
Published: September 2005

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Electrophilic Aromatic Fluorination with Fluorine: meta‐Directed Fluorination of Anilines.
Authors: Alric J. P. , Marquet B. , Billard T. , Langlois B. R.
Published: September 2005

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Clean and Efficient Hydrogenative Cleavage of Azo Compounds Using Polymer‐Supported Formate and Zinc.
Authors: Srinivasa G. R. , Abiraj K. , Gowda D. Channe
Published: September 2005

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Convenient, Cost‐Effective, and Mild Method for the N‐Acetylation of Anilines and Secondary Amines.
Authors: Prasad H. S. , Srinivasa G. R. , Gowda D. Channe
Published: September 2005

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A Controllable Synthesis of Homoallyl Ketones and Multiply Substituted Cyclopentadienes by Direct Insertion of Aroyl Cyanides to Zirconacyclopentenes.
Authors: Zhou Shaolin , Yan Bin , Liu Yuanhong
Published: September 2005

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Electrosynthesis of 2‐Arylpropionic Acids from α‐Methylbenzyl Chlorides and Carbon Dioxide by [Co(Salen)].
Authors: Damodar J. , Mohan S. Krishna , Lateef S. K. Khaja , Reddy S. Jayarama
Published: September 2005

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1,2‐Thio Group Migration in Rh(II) Carbene Reactions.
Authors: Xu Feng , Shi Weifeng , Wang Jianbo
Published: September 2005

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Electronic Nature of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Effect on the Suzuki Reaction.
Authors: Hadei Niloufar , Kantchev Eric Assen B. , O'Brien Christopher J. , Organ Michael G.
Published: September 2005

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Baylis—Hillman Chemistry: A One‐Pot Cross‐Coupling/Allylboration Reaction.
Authors: Kabalka George W. , Venkataiah Bollu , Dong Gang
Published: September 2005

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Highly Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Nitromethane to Chalcones Using Bifunctional Cinchona Organocatalysts.
Authors: Vakulya Benedek , Varga Szilard , Csampai Antal , Soos Tibor
Published: September 2005

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A New Synthesis of 2‐Fluoro‐1‐naphthols.
Authors: Cai Xiaohong , Wu Kai , Dolbier William R. Jr.
Published: September 2005

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Cycloaddition Reaction of Quadricyclane and Fluoroolefins.
Authors: Petrov Viacheslav A. , Davidson Frederic , Krusic Paul J. , Marchione Alexander A. , Marshall Will J.
Published: September 2005

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Rhodium‐Catalyzed Addition of Arylzinc Reagents to Aryl Alkynyl Ketones: Synthesis of β,β‐Disubstituted Indanones.
Authors: Shintani Ryo , Hayashi Tamio
Published: September 2005

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Deprotonation—Electrophile Trapping of Terminal Epoxides.
Authors: Hodgson David M. , Kirton Eirene H. M. , Miles Steven M. , Norsikian Stephanie L. M. , Reynolds Nigel J. , Coote Steven J.
Published: September 2005

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A Novel One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of 3‐Halofurans and Sequential Suzuki Coupling.
Authors: Karpov Alexei S. , Merkul Eugen , Oeser Thomas , Mueller Thomas J. J.
Published: September 2005

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syn‐π‐Face‐ and endo‐Selective, Inverse Electron‐Demand Diels—Alder Reactions of 3,4‐Di‐tert‐butylthiophene 1‐Oxide with Electron‐Rich Dienophiles.
Authors: Takayama Jun , Sugihara Yoshiaki , Takayanagi Toshiyuki , Nakayama Juzo
Published: September 2005

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Synthesis of Novel Polycyclic Indolyldiamines.
Authors: Cutri Sabrina , Diez Anna , Bonin Martine , Micouin Laurent , Husson Henri‐Philippe
Published: September 2005

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Amberlyst‐Catalyzed Reaction of Indole: Synthesis of Bisindolylalkane.
Authors: Ke Bowen , Qin Yong , Wang Yin , Wang Fengpeng
Published: September 2005

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A C—C Bond Formation Reaction at the α‐Carbon Atom of α‐Oxo Ketene Dithioacetals via the Baylis—Hillman Type Reaction.
Authors: Yin Yan‐Bing , Wang Mang , Liu Qun , Hu Jiang‐Lei , Sun Shao‐Guang , Kang Jing
Published: September 2005

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Synthesis and Evaluation of Urea‐Based Indazoles as Melanin‐Concentrating Hormone Receptor 1 Antagonists for the Treatment of Obesity.
Authors: Souers Andrew J.
Published: September 2005

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Reaction of Aldehydes and Pyrazolones in the Presence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Shu‐Xiang , Qin Xin‐Ying , Li Ji‐Tai
Published: September 2005

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A Simple and Efficient Procedure for the Synthesis of Benzimidazoles Using Air as the Oxidant.
Authors: Lin Songnian , Yang Lihu
Published: September 2005

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Mn(III)‐Promoted Cyclization of Substituted Thioformanilides under Microwave Irradiation: A New Reagent for 2‐Substituted Benzothiazoles.
Authors: Mu Xue‐Jun , Zou Jian‐Ping , Zeng Run‐Sheng , Wu Jun‐Chen
Published: September 2005

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A Modular Approach to Polyketide Building Blocks: Cycloadditions of Nitrile Oxides and Homoallylic Alcohols.
Authors: Lohse‐Fraefel Nina , Carreira Erick M.
Published: September 2005

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A Convenient Synthesis of 2‐Mercapto and 2‐Chlorobenzothiazoles.
Authors: Zhu Lei , Zhang Mingbao , Dai Miao
Published: September 2005

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Reactivity of 3,5‐Bis‐(4‐amino‐1,2,5‐oxadiazol‐3‐yl)‐1,2,4‐triazole.
Authors: Sergievskii A. V. , Romanova T. V. , Mel'nikova S. F. , Tselinskii I. V.
Published: September 2005

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Evolution of the Pseudo‐1,3‐dipolar Cycloaddition Chemistry of SNSMF6 (M: As, Sb) Leading to 2,5‐Dihydroxybenzo‐1,3,2‐dithiazolylium and 2,7‐Dicarbonylnaphtha‐1,3,2‐dithiazolylium Salts and Their Corresponding Radicals.
Authors: Decken Andreas , Mailman Aaron , Mattar Saba M. , Passmore Jack
Published: September 2005

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Catalytic and Asymmetric Vinylogous Mukaiyama Reactions on Aliphatic Ketones: Formal Asymmetric Synthesis of Taurospongin A.
Authors: Moreau Xavier , Bazan‐Tejeda Belen , Campagne Jean‐Marc
Published: September 2005

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Synthesis of Chromane Derivatives by Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Allylation of Aldehydes with Allylic Acetates or Chlorides Using Indium and Indium(III) Chloride.
Authors: Nguyen Van Cuong , Kim Yong‐Tae , Yu Yeon‐Kwon , Kang Han‐Young
Published: September 2005

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Zeolites in the Synthesis of 1‐Alkyl‐2‐oxonicotinonitriles.
Authors: Semichenko E. S. , Vasilenko F. N. , Tovbis M. S. , Belyae E. Yu.
Published: September 2005

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Discovery of 3,3‐Dimethyl‐5‐hydroxypipecolic Hydroxamate‐Based Inhibitors of Aggrecanase and MMP‐13.
Authors: Noe Mark C. , et al. et al.
Published: September 2005

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Microwave‐Assisted Multistep Synthesis of Functionalized 4‐Arylquinolin‐2(1H)‐ones Using Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Chemistry.
Authors: Glasnov Toma N. , Stadlbauer Wolfgang , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: September 2005

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Synthesis of Tricyclic Analogues of Stephaoxocanidine and Their Evaluation as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
Authors: Bianchi Dario A. , Hirschmann Guillermo Schmeda , Theoduloz Cristina , Bracca Andrea B. J. , Kaufman Teodoro S.
Published: September 2005

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Preparation of 2,3‐Dihydro‐1H,5H‐pyrido[3,2,1‐ij]quinoline‐1,5‐dione Derivatives.
Authors: Stanforth Stephen P.
Published: September 2005

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Heterocyclic Synthesis with 4‐Hydrazinopyridothienopyrimidines: Synthesis of Pyridothienotriazolopyrimidines and Heterocyclylpyridothienopyrimidines with Biological Interest.
Authors: Gaber Hatem M. , Elgemeie Galal E. H. , Ouf Salama A. , Sherif Sherif M.
Published: September 2005

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Synthesis of 1,3,5‐Hexahydrotriazine and 1,3,5‐Tetrahydrothiadiazine Derivatives Using (Thio)carbamides.
Authors: Klochkova I. N. , Sazonov A. A.
Published: September 2005

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Investigation of the Products of Interaction of Cyclic Diketones with Nitrogen‐Containing 1,4‐Binucleophiles.
Authors: Kolos N. N. , Yurchenko E. N. , Orlov V. D. , Shishkina S. V. , Shishkin O. V.
Published: September 2005

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Synthesis of Lactams via Copper‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Vinylation of Amides.
Authors: Hu Tianshun , Li Chaozhong
Published: September 2005

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Novel 2‐N,N‐Dimethylaminomethyl‐2,3,3a,12b‐tetrahydrodibenzo[b,f]furo [2,3‐d]oxepin Derivatives Displaying Combined Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibition and 5‐HT2A/2C Receptor Antagonism.
Authors: Bartolome Jose M. , Alcudia Ana , Andres Jose I. , Cid Jose M. , Garcia Mercedes , Megens Anton , Toledo Miguel A. , Trabanco Andres A.
Published: September 2005

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A Direct and Rapid Route to α,α‐Difluoroacylsilanes from Trifluoroethanol.
Authors: Audouard Christophe , Garayt Maxime R. , Kerouredan Erwan , Percy Jonathan M. , Yang Hongli
Published: September 2005

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Stereo‐ and Regioselective Pt(DVDS)/P(iBuNCH2CH2)3N‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Aneetha Halikhedkar , Wu Wei , Verkade John G.
Published: September 2005

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Enantioselective Ring‐Opening Reaction of meso‐Epoxides with ArSeH Catalyzed by Heterometallic Ti—Ga—Salen System.
Authors: Yang Minghua , Zhu Chengjian , Yuan Fang , Huang Yijun , Pan Yi
Published: September 2005

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Concise and Practical Synthesis of Latrunculin A by Ring‐Closing Enyne—Yne Metathesis.
Authors: Fuerstner Alois , Turet Laurent
Published: September 2005

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A New Tomato Pregnane Glycoside from the Overripe Fruits
Authors: Fujiwara Yukio , Yoshizaki Miho , Matsushita Sayaka , Yahara Shoji , Yae Emiko , Ikeda Tsuyoshi , Ono Masateru , Nohara Toshihiro
Published: September 2005

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2,4,5‐Trichlorophenyl‐ (9H‐fluoren‐9‐ylmethoxycarbonylamino)methylcarbamates: Synthesis, Isolation, Characterization and Utility in the Synthesis of Dipeptidyl Ureas.
Authors: Babu Vommina V. Suresh , Kantharaju Kantharaju
Published: September 2005

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Molybdenum Oxides as Highly Effective Dehydrative Cyclization Catalysts for the Synthesis of Oxazolines and Thiazolines.
Authors: Sakakura Akira , Kondo Rei , Ishihara Kazuaki
Published: September 2005

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Preparation of 2,3‐Diaminopropionate from Ring Opening of Aziridine‐2‐carboxylate.
Authors: Kim Yongeun , Ha Hyun‐Joon , Han Kyusung , Ko Seung Whan , Yun Hoseop , Yoon Hyo Jae , Kim Min Sung , Lee Won Koo
Published: September 2005

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Intramolecular Hydrogen Abstraction Promoted by Amidyl Radicals. Evidence for Electronic Factors in the Nucleophilic Cyclization of Ambident Amides to Oxocarbenium Ions.
Authors: Martin Angeles , Perez‐Martin Ines , Suarez Ernesto
Published: September 2005

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Glycosylation with Glycosyl p‐Bromophenyl Phthalates as New Efficient Glycosyl Donors.
Authors: Kwon Soon Young , Lee Bo‐Young , Jeon Heung Bae , Kim Kwan Soo
Published: September 2005

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Synthesis of Novel Conformationally Locked Carbocyclic Nucleosides Derived from 5,5‐ and 6,6‐Bis(hydroxymethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan‐2‐ol.
Authors: Hrebabecky Hubert , Masojidkova Milena , Holy Antonin
Published: September 2005

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Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Unsaturated 6‐Azauracil Acyclonucleosides.
Authors: Kabbaj Youssef , Lazrek Hassan Bihi , Barascut Jean Louis , Imbach Jean Louis
Published: September 2005

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Design, Synthesis and Structure—Activity Relationships of 6‐O‐Arylpropargyl Diazalides with Potent Activity Against Multidrug‐Resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae.
Authors: Yong Hong , Gu Yu Gui , Clark Richard F. , Marron Thomas , Ma Zhenkun , Soni Niru , Stone Gregory G. , Nilius Angela M. , Marsh Kennan , Djuric Stevan W.
Published: September 2005

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Stereochemistry of Phellinsin A: A Concise Synthesis of α‐Arylidene‐γ‐Lactones.
Authors: Kim Eungsoo , Lee Hyeong Kyu , Hwang Eui‐Il , Kim Sung‐Uk , Lee Woo Song , Lee Sangku , Jung Sang‐Hun
Published: September 2005

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Fabrication and Magnetic Properties of Ternary Alloy Co—Ni—Pb Nanowire Arrays.
Authors: Ji G. B. , Cao J. M. , Zhang F. , Xu G. Y. , Tang S. L. , Gu B. X. , Du Y. W.
Published: September 2005

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A Simple Approach for the Fabrication of Na1+xV3O8 Nanoribbon Thin Film
Authors: Xu Jinjie , Zhang Xingtang , Wang Dejun , Du Zuliang , Li Tiejin
Published: September 2005

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Discovery of 4‐(Dimethylamino)quinazolines as Potent and Selective Antagonists for the Melanin‐Concentrating Hormone Receptor 1.
Authors: Sekiguchi Yoshinori , et al. et al.
Published: September 2005

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The Spanish Presence in the Molecular Sieve Technology Scenario
Authors: Rey Fernando , Perez‐Pariente Joaquin
Published: September 2005

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On the Track of Reaction Mechanisms: Characterization and Reactivity of Metal Atom Dimers
Authors: Himmel Hans‐Joerg
Published: September 2005

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Hybrid Plasma Deposition Methods for Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials
Authors: Voevodin A. A. , Zabinski J. S.
Published: September 2005

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Introduction: The Quantum Chemical Calculation of NMR and EPR Parameters
Authors: Kaupp Martin , Buehl Michael , Malkin Vladimir G.
Published: September 2005

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Reaction Mechanisms in Protonic Zeolites
Authors: Rozanska Xavier , van Santen Rutger A.
Published: September 2005

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Metallaborane Reaction Chemistry. Part 12. Some Interactions of Acetylenes and Isocyanides with Selected Metallaboranes
Authors: Bould Jonathan , Bown Mark , Coldicott Richard J. , Ditzel Evert J. , Greenwood Norman N. , Macpherson Ian , MacKinnon Peter , Thornton‐Pett Mark , Kennedy John D.
Published: September 2005

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Valence Tautomerism: New Challenges for Electroactive Ligands
Authors: Evangelio Emilia , Ruiz‐Molina Daniel
Published: September 2005

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Development of a Novel Synthetic Method for Ring Construction Using Organometallic Complexes and Its Application to the Total Syntheses of Natural Products
Authors: Mori Miwako
Published: September 2005

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Pheromone Synthesis
Authors: Mori Kenji
Published: September 2005

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Non‐Conventional Oxidation Catalysis
Authors: Lefferts Leon , Seshan K. , Mojet Barbara , van Ommen Jan
Published: September 2005

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The Nazarov Reaction: Substituent Effects, Catalysis and Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Harmota Michael
Published: September 2005

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Chiral Clusters in the Gas Phase
Authors: Speranza Maurizio
Published: September 2005

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