bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Total Unit Energy Consumption of a Car with a Hybrid Drive System in Real Operating Conditions
Authors: Mamala Jarosław , Śmieja Michał , Prażnowski Krzysztof
Published: July 2021

The market demand for vehicles with reduced energy consumption, as well as increasingly stringent standards limiting CO2 emissions, are the focus of a large number of research works undertaken in the analysis of the energy consumption of cars in real operating conditions. Taking into account the growing share of hybrid drive units on the automotive market, the aim of the article is to analyse the total unit energy consumption of a car operating in real road conditions, equipped with an advanced hybrid drive system of the PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) type. In this paper, special attention has been paid to the total unit energy consumption of a car resulting from the cooperation of the two independent power units, internal combustion and electric. The results obtained for the individual drive units were presented in the form of a new unit index of the car, which allows us to compare the consumption of energy obtained from fuel with the use of electricity supported from the car’s batteries, during journeys in real road conditions. The presented research results indicate a several-fold increase in the total unit energy consumption of a car powered by an internal combustion engine compared to an electric car. The values of the total unit energy consumption of the car in real road conditions for the internal combustion drive are within the range 1.25–2.95 (J/(kg·m)) in relation to the electric drive 0.27–1.1 (J/(kg·m)) in terms of instantaneous values. In terms of average values, the appropriate values for only the combustion engine are 1.54 (J/(kg·m)) and for the electric drive only are 0.45 (J/(kg·m)) which results in the internal combustion engine values being 3.4 times higher than the electric values. It is the combustion of fuel that causes the greatest increase in energy supplied from the drive unit to the car’s propulsion system in the TTW (tank to wheels) system. At the same time this component is responsible for energy losses and CO2 emissions to the environment. The results were analysed to identify the differences between the actual life cycle energy consumption of the hybrid powertrain and the WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light-Duty Test Procedure) homologation cycle.
A Strategy to Maximally Utilize Outdoor Air for Indoor Thermal Environment
Authors: Tang Lei , Ai Zhengtao , Song Chunyan , Zhang Guoqiang , Liu Zhengxuan
Published: July 2021

In order to reduce the energy consumption of HVAC systems in buildings, the use of energy-saving solutions is necessary. One of these solutions is ventilation, which is usually used for maintaining acceptable indoor air quality and thermal comfort. As the change in outdoor environment is unpredictable and the occupant control is spontaneous, it is critical to control the windows and HVAC systems to achieve a maximum use of outdoor air for indoor ventilation. A new rule-based control strategy that could change the opening factor of windows is proposed in this study and its effectiveness was tested in five representative climates, ranging from a subtropical region to a severely cold region. A building model was set up and the indoor air temperature and energy consumption were predicted using EnergyPlus. The results show that the proposed control strategy can utilize ventilation to maintain a comfortable indoor environment with an annual uncomfortable percentage in an occupied period lower than 5%, thus leading to an energy-saving rate of 13.5–55.6%. The simulation results indicate that there are periods of ventilation available during the summer in climate zones with hot summers and warm winters, whereas the control strategy has a better energy-saving performance in temperate areas. This study conducted a preliminary exploration for practical applications of the combined operation of controllable natural ventilation and HVAC systems in buildings.
Re-Entrant Corner for a White-Metzner Fluid
Authors: Chaffin Stephen , Monk Nicholas , Rees Julia , Zimmerman William
Published: July 2021

Viscoelastic fluids can be difficult to model due to the wide range of different physical behaviors that polymer melts can exhibit. One such feature is the viscous elastic boundary layer. We address the particular problem of a viscoelastic shear-dependent fluid flowing past a corner and investigate how the properties of the boundary layer change for a White-Metzner fluid. The boundary layer equations are derived and the upstream layer is matched with the far-field flow. It was found that if the fluid is sufficiently shear thinning then the viscoelastic boundary layer formulation fails due to the inertial forces becoming dominant. The depth of the boundary layer is controlled by the shear-thinning parameters. These effects are not a feature of other shear-thinning models, such as the Phan-Thien-Tanner model. This study provides insight in the different effects of some commonly used viscoelastic models in corner flows in the upstream boundary layer, the downstream boundary layer is not addressed.
Preliminary Investigations into the Use of Amylases and Lactic Acid Bacteria to Obtain Fermented Vegetable Products
Authors: Vasilean Ina , Aprodu Iuliana , Garnai Maria , Munteanu Valeriu , Patrașcu Livia
Published: July 2021

Legumes are valuable sources of proteins and other functional components. However, the high starch content can be an impediment in developing new vegan food formulations. Enzyme-assisted hydrolysis was used to hydrolyze the starch from chickpea and broad bean vegetable milk to further develop vegetable lactic acid-fermented products. The antioxidant activity of legumes was tested, and it was observed that the overall antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging ability) significantly increased after enzyme-assisted hydrolysis while total phenols content decreased. The obtained vegetable milk was then fermented using exopolysaccharides-producing lactic acid bacteria. A significant decolorization was observed after fermentation in the case of broad bean-based products. Rheological behavior of the fermented products was determined using small amplitude oscillatory measurements and the three-interval thixotropy test. Results showed higher complex viscosity values for broad bean-based products, which displayed a weak gel-like structure. The starter cultures used for vegetable milk samples fermentation influenced the resistance to flow.
Improved Shelf-Life and Consumer Acceptance of Fresh-Cut and Fried Potato Strips by an Edible Coating of Garden Cress Seed Mucilage
Authors: Ali Marwa R. , Parmar Aditya , Niedbała Gniewko , Wojciechowski Tomasz , Abou El-Yazied Ahmed , El-Gawad Hany G. Abd , Nahhas Nihal E. , Ibrahim Mohamed F. M. , El-Mogy Mohamed M.
Published: July 2021

Coatings that reduce the fat content of fried food are an alternate option to reach both health concerns and consumer demand. Mucilage of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seed extract (MSE) was modified into an edible coating with or without ascorbic acid (AA) to coat fresh-cut potato strips during cold storage (5 °C and 95% RH for 12 days) and subsequent frying. Physical attributes such as color, weight loss, and texture of potato strips coated with MSE solutions with or without AA showed that coatings efficiently delayed browning, reduced weight loss, and maintained the texture during cold storage. Moreover, MSE with AA provided the most favorable results in terms of reduction in oil uptake. In addition, the total microbial count was lower for MSE-coated samples when compared to the control during the cold storage. MSE coating also performed well on sensory attributes, showing no off flavors or color changes. As a result, the edible coating of garden cress mucilage could be a promising application for extending shelf-life and reducing the oil uptake of fresh-cut potato strips.
Geochemistry of Pyritic Mudstones from the Singa Formation, Malaysia: Insights into Gold Potential, Source of Sulfur and Organic Matter
Authors: Makoundi Charles , Endut Zakaria , Large Ross R. , Zaw Khin , Lounejeva Elena , Leman Mohd Shafeea , Mohamed Kamal Roslan , Basori Mohd Basril Iswadi
Published: July 2021

Major trace element analyses, including pyrite chemistry of pyritic mudstones of shallow-marine Singa Formation of Pennsylvanian–Early Permian age have been carried out to assess gold potential, the source of sulfur and organic matter. Regionally, Singa Formation spatially correlates with the Bohorok Formation (Sumatra, Indonesia), the Kaeng Krachang group (Thailand), and the Lebyin group (Burma or Myanmar). In Southeast Asia, this formation is important because it has a record of glacial processes that occurred along the northern margin of Gondwana in the Late Paleozoic age. This study has revealed that mudstones of the Singa Formation, which contain lonestones of glacial origin, deposited under suboxic–oxic conditions in shallow marine environment during Pennsylvanian–Early Permian time. The black mudstones contain total organic carbon which ranges from 0.1 to 0.7 wt.%, and gold content varying from 40 to 62 ppb, making them gold source rocks. This study has revealed diagenetic gold presence in the early pyrite generations (pyrites 1, 2, and 3) in these mudstones with gold content ranging up to 1.6 ppm Au which is indicative of early enrichment of gold. Conversely, late generations of pyrite (pyrites 4, 5, and 6) in these mudstones record low gold content up to 0.5 ppm Au. The δ34S values for pyrite grains range from −24.6‰ to +6.2‰ likely indicate a combination of magmatic and biogenic source of sulfur. Organic carbon isotope composition of the pebbly mudstone samples shows a wide range from −23.9‰ to −5.8‰ indicating a mixed terrestrial and marine source.
Gender Differences in the Attitudes of Parents Living with Adult Children with Schizophrenia
Authors: Yeh Tzu-Pei , Lin Ying-Wen , Liu Hsing-Yu , Yang Tzu-Ching , Yen Wen-Jiuan , Ma Wei-Fen
Published: July 2021

Background: This paper explored the gender differences in the attitudes of parents toward taking care of their adult daughters or sons with schizophrenia, and focused on how parents define and think about the roles of their children, and how they cope with fulfilling the expected roles. Methods: Qualitative research design and purpose sampling were used to enroll parents who had adult patients with schizophrenia at a medical center in central Taiwan. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted and content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Seven main themes emerged from the data provided by ten parents living with adult children with schizophrenia. Three themes that focused on gender difference are listed: parents continue to expect their sons with schizophrenia to carry on the family name; society as a whole expects males to be the “head of the family”; male family members are supposed to assume the responsibility of caring for siblings with schizophrenia. Conclusions: The results of the study could help clinical professionals to understand and have greater empathy with regard to the difficulties for families and the concerns of parents taking care of their children with schizophrenia in the specific context of Chinese culture, and to provide more efficient and responsive assistance.
Find Me If You Can: First Clinical Experience Using the Novel CARTOFINDER Algorithm in a Routine Workflow for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Unland Robin , Bergau Leonard , El Hamriti Mustapha , Guckel Denise , Piran Misagh , Fink Thomas , Sciacca Vanessa , Köerperich Hermann , Chmelevsky Mikhail , Imnadze Guram , Khalaph Moneeb , Braun Martin , Sommer Philipp , Sohns Christian
Published: July 2021

Aims: The CARTOFINDER module allows for simultaneous and automated detection of repetitive focal and rotational activations in patients with atrial arrhythmias. This study aimed to validate the CARTOFINDER algorithm for the detection of potential drivers for atrial fibrillation (AF) and to access their potential impact on individual arrhythmia substrates. Methods: Fifty consecutive patients underwent AF ablation for persistent AF (PERS), using a 3D-mapping system with the integrated CARTOFINDER module. Regions of interest (ROIs) were identified before and after ablation, and their spatial and temporal relationship was correlated with areas of fibrosis. Results: Procedural success was achieved in all patients and 42% received ablation beyond pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). AF termination was observed in 6 patients (12%). The mean procedure duration was 134 ± 29 min. ROIs were revealed in all patients (mean n = 77 ± 52) and there was no statistical evidence for a predilection site. There was no significant anatomical correlation between ROIs and bipolar low voltage. Remapping confirmed the elimination of ROIs in relation to the individual ablation site, a limited reproducibility of rotational ROIs and persistent focal activity over time in some anatomical segments. ROIs were not a predictor for AF recurrence during following ablation. Conclusions: CARTOFINDER mapping can be integrated into a routine workflow for AF ablation. ROIs could be discriminated in all patients and an ablation effect was observed in some patients, whereas persistent activity was found in certain anatomical segments, even after ablation. ROIs might be an additional ablation target when we are able to understand the individual substrate.
Coupling Relationship and Interactive Response between Intensive Land Use and Tourism Industry Development in China’s Major Tourist Cities
Authors: Huang Chengkun , Lin Feiyang , Chu Deping , Wang Lanlan , Liao Jiawei , Wu Junqian
Published: July 2021

(1) Background: Exploring the interactive relationship between intensive land use (ILU) and tourism industry development (TID) is of vital significance to promote the high-quality and sustainable development of tourism and the urban economy. (2) Methods: This paper constructs an evaluation index system of ILU and TID, and comprehensively measures the coupling and interaction between ILU and TID in China’s 58 major tourist cities from 2004 to 2018 by using the entropy weight method, coupling coordination degree model, and panel vector autoregressive model. (3) Results: In terms of the coupling relationship, the coupling coordination degree of ILU and TID in China’s major tourist cities were optimized year by year, and the coupling coordination degree from 2004 to 2008 was less than 0.2, which is part of the serious imbalance recession stage. From 2009 to 2018, the coupling coordination degree was between 0.2 and 0.4, which is part of the moderate maladjustment recession stage. In terms of interactive response, ILU and TID formed a long-term interactive relationship, and the intensity effect of ILU on TID is significantly higher than that of TID on ILU. (4) Conclusions: There is a significant correlation and bidirectional process between ILU and TID, and they have an essential impact on the high-quality development of tourist cities.
A Two-Dimensional Thermoelasticity Solution for Bimodular Material Beams under the Combination Action of Thermal and Mechanical Loads
Authors: Wen Si-Rui , He Xiao-Ting , Chang Hao , Sun Jun-Yi
Published: July 2021

A typical characteristic of bimodular material beams is that when bending, the neutral layer of the beam does not coincide with its geometric middle surface since the mechanical properties of materials in tension and compression are different. In the classical theory of elasticity, however, this characteristic has not been considered. In this study, a bimodular simply-supported beam under the combination action of thermal and mechanical loads is theoretically analyzed. First, a simplified mechanical model concerning the neutral layer is established. Based on this mechanical model, Duhamel’s theorem is used to transform the thermoelastical problem into a pure elasticity problem with imaginary body force and surface force. In solving the governing equation expressed in terms of displacement, a special solution of the displacement equation is found first, and then by utilizing the stress function method based on subarea in tension and compression, a supplement solution for the displacement governing equation without the thermal effect is derived. Lastly, the special solution and supplement solution are superimposed to satisfy boundary conditions, thus obtaining a two-dimensional thermoelasticity solution. In addition, the bimodular effect and temperature effect on the thermoelasticity solution are illustrated by computational examples.
Modeling COVID-19 Cases Statistically and Evaluating Their Effect on the Economy of Countries
Authors: de la Fuente-Mella Hanns , Rubilar Rolando , Chahuán-Jiménez Karime , Leiva Víctor
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 infections have plagued the world and led to deaths with a heavy pneumonia manifestation. The main objective of this investigation is to evaluate the performance of certain economies during the crisis derived from the COVID-19 pandemic. The gross domestic product (GDP) and global health security index (GHSI) of the countries belonging–or not–to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) are considered. In this paper, statistical models are formulated to study this performance. The models’ specifications include, as the response variable, the GDP variation/growth percentage in 2020, and as the covariates: the COVID-19 disease rate from its start in March 2020 until 31 December 2020; the GHSI of 2019; the countries’ risk by default spreads from July 2019 to May 2020; belongingness or not to the OECD; and the GDP per capita in 2020. We test the heteroscedasticity phenomenon present in the modeling. The variable “COVID-19 cases per million inhabitants” is statistically significant, showing its impact on each country’s economy through the GDP variation. Therefore, we report that COVID-19 cases affect domestic economies, but that OECD membership and other risk factors are also relevant.
Simulation and Analysis of Renewable and Nonrenewable Capacity Scenarios under Hybrid Modeling: A Case Study
Authors: Morcillo José D. , Angulo Fabiola , Franco Carlos J.
Published: July 2021

This work analyzes the response of the electricity market to varied renewable and nonrenewable installed capacity scenarios while taking into account the variability of renewables due to seasonality and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) episodes. A hybrid system dynamics/dynamic systems (SD/DS) model was developed by first deriving an SD hypothesis and stock-flow structure from the Colombian electricity supply and demand dynamics. The model’s dynamic behavior was then transformed into a Simulink model and analyzed using the DS tools of bifurcation and control theory to provide deeper insights into the system, both from a Colombian perspective and from the perspective of other market scenarios. Applying the developed hybrid model to the Colombian electricity market provided a detailed description of its dynamics under a broad range of permanent (fossil fuel) and variable (renewable) installed capacity scenarios, including a number of counterintuitive insights. Greater shares of permanent capacity were found to guarantee the security of supply and system robustness in the short-term (2021–2029), whereas greater shares of variable capacity make the system more vulnerable to increased prices and blackouts, especially in the long-term (2040–2050). These critical situations can be avoided only if additional capacity from either conventional or non-conventional generation is quickly installed. Overall, the methodology proposed for building the hybrid SD/DS model was found to provide deeper insights and a broader spectrum of analysis than traditional SD model analysis, and thus can be exploited by policy makers to suggest improvements in their respective market structures.
Comparative Study of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQL) between Different Types of Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Zamora-Martínez Natalia , Paredes-Gallardo Vanessa , García-Sanz Verónica , Gandía-Franco José Luis , Tarazona-Álvarez Beatriz
Published: July 2021

Background and objectives: Although the main objective of any orthodontic treatment is to correct malocclusion, a range of psychosocial and/or esthetic factors drive patients to undergo orthodontic treatment. The aim of the present study was to analyze variations in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQL) levels in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment by means of four types of appliances: fixed buccal metal brackets, fixed buccal esthetic/ceramic brackets, fixed lingual brackets, and clear aligners. Material and Methods: The study sample comprised 120 patients aged 18 to 68 years who attended the Orthodontic department at the Dental Clinic of the University of Valencia. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was used to measure orthodontic treatment need. Each patient completed three different intervals of the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14): before treatment (T0); six months after placing the orthodontic appliances (T1) and at the end of orthodontic treatment (T2). Results: All groups suffered a reduction in quality of life from T0 to T1 except the metal bracket group which presented the same level for the functional limitation domain (p = 1.000), the lingual bracket group for the psychological discomfort domain (p = 1.000) and clear aligner group for the physical disability domain (p = 0.118) and psychological disability domain (p = 1.000). Nevertheless, quality of life for most domains was similar in all groups at the end of treatment (T2). Conclusions: Patients underwent a significant reduction in quality of life during treatment in comparison with their pre-treatment condition but showed significant improvements at the end of treatment.
Phylogenetic and Phylodynamic Analyses of HCV Strains Circulating among Patients Using Injectable Drugs in Central Italy
Authors: Minosse Claudia , Salichos Leonidas , Taibi Chiara , Luzzitelli Ilaria , Nardozi Daniela , Capobianchi Maria Rosaria , D’Offizi Gianpiero , McPhee Fiona , Garbuglia Anna Rosa
Published: July 2021

Approximately 71 million people worldwide are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Injectable drug use represents the most common route of transmission in Europe and other developed countries. We studied the molecular characteristics of the HCV infection among mono-infected people who used drugs (PWUD) in Italy. Among 208 PWUD with anti-HCV antibodies, 101 (48.6%) were HCV RNA-positive, the majority (47%) were infected with the HCV genotype (Gt)1a, followed by Gt3a (34.9%), Gt4 (9.1%), Gt1b (4.5%), and Gt2 (4.5%). Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of clustered HCV NS5B sequences from 66 HCV-positive PWUDs with available plasma samples indicated age and neighborhood proximity as the most common characteristics between closely related HCV strains. Population dynamics, as measured by a coalescent Bayesian skyline analysis, revealed an increase in HCV Gt1a infections from the mid-1980s to mid-1990s. While HCV Gt3a infections were first detected in the 1980s, patient numbers with this genotype subtype remained relatively constant. For both Gt1a and Gt3a, Birth–Death Bayesian Skyline analyses produced higher reproduction numbers post 2014. For earlier time intervals, slow growths were observed for both Gt1a and Gt3a with reproduction numbers (Re) of approximately 1. The evolutionary rates for Gt1a and Gt3a were estimated as 2.23 × 10−4 and 3.85 × 10−4, respectively.
Curcumin as a Natural Remedy for Atherosclerosis: A Pharmacological Review
Authors: Singh Laxman , Sharma Shikha , Xu Suowen , Tewari Devesh , Fang Jian
Published: July 2021

Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound present in Curcuma longa L. rhizomes, shows potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-atherosclerotic properties. Atherosclerosis is a comprehensive term for a series of degenerative and hyperplasic lesions such as thickening or sclerosis in large- and medium-sized arteries, causing decreased vascular-wall elasticity and lumen diameter. Atherosclerotic cerebro-cardiovascular disease has become a major concern for human health in recent years due to its clinical sequalae of strokes and heart attacks. Curcumin concoction treatment modulates several important signaling pathways related to cellular migration, proliferation, cholesterol homeostasis, inflammation, and gene transcription, among other relevant actions. Here, we provide an overview of curcumin in atherosclerosis prevention and disclose the underlying mechanisms of action of its anti-atherosclerotic effects.
HTO/Cellulose Aerogel for Rapid and Highly Selective Li+ Recovery from Seawater
Authors: Qian Hongbo , Huang Shaodong , Ba Zhichen , Wang Wenxuan , Yu Feihan , Liang Daxin , Xie Yanjun , Wang Yonggui , Wang Yan
Published: July 2021

To achieve rapid and highly efficient recovery of Li+ from seawater, a series of H2TiO3/cellulose aerogels (HTO/CA) with a porous network were prepared by a simple and effective method. The as-prepared HTO/CA were characterized and their Li+ adsorption performance was evaluated. The obtained results revealed that the maximum capacity of HTO/CA to adsorb Li+ was 28.58 ± 0.71 mg g−1. The dynamic k2 value indicated that the Li+ adsorption rate of HTO/CA was nearly five times that of HTO powder. Furthermore, the aerogel retained extremely high Li+ selectivity compared with Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, and Na+. After regeneration for five cycles, the HTO/CA retained a Li+ adsorption capacity of 22.95 mg g−1. Moreover, the HTO/CA showed an excellent adsorption efficiency of 69.93% ± 0.04% and high selectivity to Li+ in actual seawater. These findings confirm its potential as an adsorbent for recovering Li+ from seawater.
Oregano and Thyme Essential Oils Encapsulated in Chitosan Nanoparticles as Effective Antimicrobial Agents against Foodborne Pathogens
Authors: Granata Giuseppe , Stracquadanio Stefano , Leonardi Marco , Napoli Edoardo , Malandrino Graziella , Cafiso Viviana , Stefani Stefania , Geraci Corrada
Published: July 2021

The use of natural compounds with biocidal activity to fight the growth of bacteria responsible for foodborne illness is one of the main research challenges in the food sector. This study reports the preparation and physicochemical characterization of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with Thymus capitatus (Th-CNPs) and Origanum vulgare (Or-CNPs) essential oils. The nanosystems were obtained by ionotropic gelation technique with high encapsulation efficiency (80–83%) and loading capacity (26–27%). Nanoparticles showed a spherical shape, bimodal particle size distribution, and good stability (zeta potential values > 40 mV). The treatment of the nanosuspensions at different temperatures (4 and 40 °C) and storage times (7, 15, 21, and 30 days) did not affect their physicochemical parameters and highlights their reservoir ability for essential oils also under stressful conditions. Both Or-CNPs and Th-CNPs exhibited an enhanced bactericidal activity against foodborne pathogens (S. aureus, E. coli, L. monocytogenes) than pure essential oils. These ecofriendly nanosystems could represent a valid alternative to synthetic preservatives and be of interest for health and food safety.
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic/Cytoprotective Activity of Non-Polar Extracts of Grape (Vitis labrusca cv. Bordeaux) and Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) Seeds
Authors: Junior Tufy Kabbas , de Moura Cristiane , do Carmo Mariana Araújo Vieira , Azevedo Luciana , Esmerino Luis Antônio , Tardivo Rosangela Capuano , Kilpeläinen Petri , Granato Daniel
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the influence of the extraction method, chemical composition, antimicrobial effects, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity on human cells of the non-polar extracts of grape (Vitis labrusca) and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) seeds. The Soxhlet (Sox), Bligh–Dyer (BD), and ultrasound (US) methods were used for extractions. For blackberry non-polar seed extract, extraction via the BD method showed the highest mean values of total phenolic content (TPC), expressed in milligrams of gallic acid equivalent per 100 mL of non-polar seed extracts (102.37 mg GAE/100 mL), and higher antioxidant activity in relation to the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, expressed in milligrams of gallic acid equivalent per 100 mL of non-polar seed extracts (11.50 mg AAE/100 mL), if compared with the Sox and US extractions. Similar results were obtained for the non-polar grape seed extracts, where BD extraction obtained the highest values for TPC (28.61 mg GAE/100 mL) and DPPH (35.36 mg AAE/100 mL). The type of extraction method had an impact on the composition of fatty acids. Only the non-polar blackberry and grape seed extracts obtained via the Sox method showed some in vitro inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli (IAL 2064) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 13565). Regardless of the extraction method used, the non-polar blackberry and grape seed extracts did not decrease the cell viability (IC50 >1000 µg/mL) of cancer and normal cell lines, thus indicating the relative safety of the extracts. All the seed extracts decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species in the cell lines. Blackberry and grape seed lipid fractions can be utilized as antioxidants, and the extraction methods used cause significant changes in relation to their bioactivity and chemical composition.
Joint Biofortification of Plants with Selenium and Iodine: New Field of Discoveries
Authors: Golubkina Nadezhda , Moldovan Anastasia , Kekina Helene , Kharchenko Victor , Sekara Agnieszka , Vasileva Viliana , Skrypnik Liubov , Tallarita Alessio , Caruso Gianluca
Published: July 2021

The essentiality of selenium (Se) and iodine (I) to human beings and the widespread areas of selenium and iodine deficiency determine the high significance of functional food production with high levels of these elements. In this respect, joint biofortification of agricultural crops with Se and I is especially attractive. Nevertheless, in practice this topic has raised many problems connected with the possible utilization of many Se and I chemical forms, different doses and biofortification methods, and the existence of wide species and varietal differences. The limited reports relevant to this subject and the multiplicity of unsolved questions urge the need for an adequate evaluation of the results obtained up-to-date, useful for developing further future investigations. The present review discusses the outcome of joint plant Se–I biofortification, as well as factors affecting Se and I accumulation in plants, paying special attention to unsolved issues. A particular focus has been given to the prospects of herb sprouts production enriched with Se and I, as well as the interactions between the latter microelements and arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).
Computer Vision Framework for Wheat Disease Identification and Classification Using Jetson GPU Infrastructure
Authors: Aboneh Tagel , Rorissa Abebe , Srinivasagan Ramasamy , Gemechu Ashenafi
Published: July 2021

Diseases have adverse effects on crop production and yield loss. Various diseases such as leaf rust, stem rust, and strip rust can affect yield quality and quantity for a studied area. In addition, manual wheat disease identification and interpretation is time-consuming and cumbersome. Currently, decisions related to plants mainly rely on the level of expertise in the domain. To resolve these challenges and to identify wheat disease as early as possible, we implemented different deep learning models such as Inceptionv3, Resnet50, and VGG16/19. This research was conducted in collaboration with Bishoftu Agricultural Research Institute, Ethiopia. Our main objective was to automate plant-disease identification using advanced deep learning approaches and image data. For the experiment, RGB image data were collected from the Bishoftu area. From the experimental results, the VGG19 model classified wheat disease with 99.38% accuracy.
The crisis of modernity and the pandemic as the forerunner of a new project of civilization
Authors: Rozin V.M.
Published: July 2021

The modern pandemic is interpreted by the author as a symptom of the crisis of civilization and nature's response to the peculiarities of its development. The pandemic can be put on a par with major man-made disasters. But it is unlikely that the world will begin to change after the pandemic; humanity has not yet realized the reasons for what is happening. There are two assessments of the current situation — optimistic and pessimistic. The latter deals with the civilization crisis and the completion of the modern project. The basic ideas of this project are considered: mastering nature, building natural science and engineering, forming the state, law and society. In general, the modern project was implemented, as a result, a modern life and sociality with all known problems have developed. To understand the peculiarities of the implementation of a modern project, the author analyzes the cardinal changes that have occurred with the concepts of nature, technology, personality, economy, state and society, discusses trends in social development (the invasion of new technologies, the crisis of fundamental ideas of modernity, the formation of network communities and metacultures, the convergence of capitalism systems and socialism, the formation of a new morality and vision of reality), indicates the characteristics of a new semantic project of civilization.
Culture as the basis of identity
Authors: Flier Andrey Yakovlevich
Published: July 2021

The article shows that one important feature of culture is that it serves as the basis for self–identification of a person and society, i.e. determining their place in the world, their position among other communities, and for an individual - determining the social group with which they feel they belong to. The author demonstrates that in some cases such grounds are directly cultural, and in others – indirectly cultural, i.e. essentially different, but transformed in the human consciousness into cultural and ideological postulates.
The use of thermal insulation materials in production and safety
Authors: Khaziakhmetova E.R. Khaziakhmetova E.R.
Published: July 2021

An overview of the main problems in the use of thermal insulation materials in industry, during operation in critical conditions is presented. Thermal insulation improves the energy efficiency of the enterprise and creates a safe working environment in production. The data of experimental implementations at the facility of JSC "Caustic" plant, Volgograd, carried out from January to March 2020, have been considered and analyzed.
Application safety of silicone transformer fluid
Authors: Kopeikina T. V.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the effectiveness of using silicone transformer fluid as a cooling and dielectric liquid for filling oil transformers and other equipment for operation at very low and very high temperatures, and especially in cases where high thermal stability and the lowest value of heat generated during combustion are required. The directions of using this type of dielectric are given. The operational properties of silicone transformer fluid are considered. The conclusion is made about the feasibility of using a liquid dielectric based on the advantages of silicone transformer fluid in comparison with other types of dielectrics used in power transformers.
Actual issue: the balance of work time and rest time
Authors: Popova Ya.D.
Published: July 2021

Over the past decade, the pressure of the work sector on personal life has increased significantly, the reason for this is the development of production and information technology, which accelerate the pace of life, and at the same time, the intensity of labor activity increases. The balance between work time and rest time is the distribution of energy and time in accordance with available values, internal needs and external requirements.
Renal Sensing of Bacterial Metabolites in the Gut-kidney Axis
Authors: Foresto-Neto Orestes , Ghirotto Bruno , Câmara Niels Olsen Saraiva
Published: July 2021

Seminal works have now revealed the gut microbiota is connected with several diseases, including renal disorders. The balance between optimal and dysregulated host-microbiota interactions has completely changed our understanding of immunity and inflammation. Kidney injury is associated with accumulation of uremic toxins in the intestine, augmented intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation. Intestinal bacteria can signal through innate receptors and induce immune cell activation in the lamina propria and release of inflammatory mediators into the bloodstream . But the gut microbiota can also modulate immune functions through soluble products as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The three most common SCFAs are propionate, butyrate, and acetate, which can signal through specific G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as GPR43, GPR41, and GPR109a, expressed on the surface of epithelial, myeloid, endothelial, and immune cells, among others. The triggered signaling can change cell metabolism, immune cell activation, and cell death. In this study, we reviewed the gut-kidney axis, how kidney cells can sense SCFAs, and its implication in kidney diseases.
HORASAN HARCINDA YUMURTA AKI KULLANIMININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KILIÇ İsmail
Published: July 2021

Bu çalışmada, tarihi eserlerimizde yaygın olarak kullanılan horasan harcı üzerine araştırma yapılmıştır. Horasan harcı üretiminde, doğal hidrolik kireç, standart kum ve tuğla kırığı kullanılmıştır. Horasan harcında çeşitli katkılar kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Bu katkılardan bir tanesi de yumurta akıdır. Çalışmada, bir tanesi katkısız beş tanesi katkılı olmak üzere altı farklı horasan harcı karışımı üretilmiştir. Yumurta akı, karışımlarda % 5, 10, 15, 20 ve 25 oranlarında kullanılmıştır. Harç kalıbı kullanılarak 4cm x 4cm x16cm boyutlarında prizmatik horasan harcı örnekleri üretilmiştir. Taze harçlar üzerinde kıvam tayini deneyi, 28 günlük prizmatik harç örnekleri üzerinde ise birim hacim ağırlık, ultrases geçiş hızı, eğilme dayanımı ve basınç dayanımı deneyleri yapılmıştır. Deneyler sonucu elde edilen verilere dayalı olarak yumurta akının horasan harcı üzerindeki etkileri belirlenmiştir.
HAVA KİRLETİCİ PARAMETRELERİNİN HAVA KALİTESİ İNDEKSİNE UZUN ZAMANLI ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ: ÇERKEZKÖY ORGANİZE SANAYİ BÖLGESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÖZEL Hüseyin , CİHAN Pinar , ÖZCAN H. Kurtuluş , AYDİN Serdar , HANEDAR Asude
Published: July 2021

Hava kirliliği, küresel ölçekte en önemli halk sağlığı etkenlerinden birisidir. Bu nedenle ulusal ve uluslararası değerlendirmeler sonucu hava kalitesini tayin etmek için izlenmesi gereken parametreler belirlenmiştir. Azot dioksit (NO2), kükürt dioksit (SO2), ozon (O3), karbon monoksit (CO) ve partikül madde (PM10) ölçüm sonuçlarına göre hava kirliliği seviyeleri belirlenmektedir. Günümüzde insanlığın büyük bir bölümü yaşamlarını şehirlerde devam ettirmektedir. Yoğun nüfusun olduğu alanlardaki hava kirliliğinin olumsuz etkileri kısa ve uzun vadede çeşitli sağlık sorunlarına neden olmaktadır. İnsani aktiviteler olan ulaşım, ısınma ve sanayi kaynaklı hava kirliliğinin yanı sıra yanardağ, toz taşıma, orman yangınları gibi doğal kaynaklı hava kirliliği oluşmaktadır. Şehir ölçeğinde hava kirliliğinin oluşumunu önleyebilmek için hava kirliliğinin ölçümlerle takip edilmesi ve sonuçlara istinaden gereken önleyici politikaların geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Hava kirleticilerinin konsantrasyonlarının takibinde kullanılan Hava kalitesi endeksi (HKİ), hava kalitesinin önemli bir göstergesidir. Bu çalışmada, bir sanayi bölgesindeki hava kirleticilerin hava kalitesi indeksine etkilerinin zamansal değişiminin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma alanı olarak yoğun endüstriyel faaliyetlerin olduğu Çerkezköy bölgesi seçilmiş ve 4 yıllık hava kalitesi indeksi değişimi incelenmiştir. Ayrıca 2020 yılında COVID-19 pandemisi kaynaklı kısıtlamaların HKİ’ye olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında; 2016-2020 yılları arasında HKİ değerlerin ağırlıklı olarak orta ve iyi seviyede olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca 2019 ve 2020 yıllarında 2016 ve 2017 yıllarına nazaran HKİ değerlerinin daha iyi seviyede olduğu görülmüştür.
The Efficiency of Discrete Optimization Algorithm Portfolios
Authors: Sergienko Ivan , Shylo Vladimir , Roshchyn Valentyna , Shylo Petro
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Solving large-scale discrete optimization problems requires the processing of large-scale data in a reasonable time. Efficient solving is only possible by using multiprocessor computer systems. However, it is a daunting challenge to adapt existing optimization algorithms to get all the benefits of these parallel computing systems. The available computational resources are ineffective without efficient and scalable parallel methods. In this connection, the algorithm unions (portfolios and teams) play a crucial role in the parallel processing of discrete optimization problems.
The purpose. The purpose of this paper is to research the efficiency of the algorithm portfolios by solving the weighted max-cut problem. The research is carried out in two stages using stochastic local search algorithms.
Results. In this paper, we investigate homogeneous and non-homogeneous algorithm portfolios. We developed the homogeneous portfolios of two stochastic local optimization algorithms for the weighted max-cut problem, which has numerous applications. The results confirm the advantages of the proposed methods.
Conclusions. Algorithm portfolios could be used to solve well-known discrete optimization problems of unprecedented scale and significantly improve their solving time. Further, we propose using communication between algorithms, namely teams and portfolios of algorithm teams. The algorithms in a team communicate with each other to boost overall performance. It is supposed that algorithm communication allows enhancing the best features of the developed algorithms and would improve the computational times and solution quality. The underlying algorithms should be able to utilize relevant data that is being communicated effectively to achieve any computational benefit from communication. Keywords: Discrete optimization, algorithm portfolios, computational experiment.
Hubungan Kecerdasan Emosional (EQ) dan Kecerdasan Spiritual (SQ) dengan Hasil Belajar Keterampilan Komputer dan Pengelolaan Informasi
Authors: Sefriani Rini , Lestari Yayuk Sri
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kecerdasan emosional dan kecerdasan spiritual dengan hasil belajar KKPI di SMKN 1 Gunung Talang tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian assosiatif korelasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Negeri 1 Gunung Talang, Kabupaten Solok . Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Gunung Talang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan proposional random sampling . Jumlah sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 159 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, perhitungan korelasi kecerdasan emosional dan kecerdasan spiritual dengan hasil belajar hasilnya adalah rhitung>rtabel (0,253>0,150), dan dilakukan uji F untuk keduanya antara kecerdasan emosional dan kecerdasan spiritual dengan hasil belajar memperoleh Fhitung>FTabel (5,333>3,06). Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara kecerdasan emosional dan kecerdasan spiritual secara bersama dengan hasil belajar KKPI SMK Negeri 1 Gunung Talang.
Perancangan dan Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android Mata Pelajaran Pemrograman Dasar
Authors: Menrisal M , Putri Harmi Maidwi
Published: July 2021

Penelitian dan pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa media pembelajaran berbasis android sebagai media penunjang bagi siswa dalam pembelajaran di era teknologi dan digital pada kelas X Teknik Komputer Jaringan SMK Negeri 2 Padang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development). Subjek penelitian berjumlah 33 orang yang terdiri dari 32 siswa dan 1 orang guru mata pelajaran pemrograman dasar Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analisis (Four-D models). Langkah-langkah pengembangannya adalah sebagai berikut. (1) Define, (2) design, (3) development, dan (4) disseminate. Hasil uji validitas oleh para ahli terhadap media pembelajaran berbasis android secara  keseluruhan diinterprestasikan valid digunakan. Hasil uji praktikalitas terhadap media pembelajaran berbasis android secara keseluruhan diinterprestasikan sangat praktis digunakan. Hasil uji efektifitas terhadap media pembelajaran berbasis android secara keseluruhan diinterprestasikan sangat efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Kesimpulannya, berdasarkan penilaian beserta masukan ahli serta hasil dari uji coba lapangan media pembelajaran berbasis android sebagai media pembelajaran sudah teruji kelayakan, keunggulan, dan dapat digunakan pada proses pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran pemrograman dasar kelas X teknik komputer jaringan SMK Negeri 2 Padang
Peningkatan Pemahaman Mahasiswa dalam Mata Kuliah Statistika Melalui Metode Pemberian Tugas Terstruktur
Authors: Devita Dewi , Erdiani Deby
Published: July 2021

This study was committed at the college education department of information management classes. As for the purpose of this study is to improve students’ understanding of statistics through the method of structured instruction in college design targeted study paths based on the resulting data to bolster student’s understanding in the areas where they need to improve the most. This study class action research of consists 3 cycle. The subjek of this study is an informatika management student. Data collection techniques through test results. In this study, the three cycle are 41 %, the result of cycle II has reached 66 % expected. The observation on the cycle of III indicate that the students’ activity has reached 83% to the expected level. Based on this study indicates that the method of structured tasks can have a positive effect on student’s studying.
Analisis Perancangan Sistem Informasi Medical Record Pada Poli Klinik Patologi Anatomi
Authors: Hariyandi Andriyas
Published: July 2021

This is System very complex because have to earn to do record keeping of transaction start from inspection of laboratory, inspection of doctor, lodging, and apotek of Poli Clinic for the drug of road street, and also facility additional facility like infus, operation and others. For the system of inspection of just doctor, this system of this system have to earn to give information about ill history of patient, allergic of drug which in distress, drug history which have been consumed, doctor which have handled and inspection priode which have been done. For the inspection of, laboratory have to can give information about inspection type, laboratotium have to can give information about done inspection type and its result, what its of him which in giving by laboratory doctor about result of that inspection. Pathology Anatomy is science area doing pandemic research. Which in patient distress pursuant to anatomy which have been lifted from patient body checked by in anatomy pathology laboratory to know disease type.