bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) damage on rice in the Philippines
Authors: Valdez Evelyn M , Rillon Genaro S. , Joshi Ravindra , Dela Cruz Kennedy B. , Donayre Dindo King M. , Martin Edwin C. , Sandoval Femia R. , Quilang Eduardo Jimmy P. , Aquino Minda Flor , Pascual Maria Katrina , Jr Jose Mariano , Aquino Evergilio , Faheem Muhammad , Annamalai Sivapragasam
Published: May 2024

Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a global invasive pest of corn, and is also common on sorghum, rice and millets, and is reported to be a larval host of 353 cultivated and uncultivated plants .  FAW, a native to the tropical and subtropical regions of north, Central, and South America, continues to rapidly spread to Africa and Asia since 2016, threatening food security worldwide .  In the Philippines, its first damage on corn was reported in June 2019 in Piat, Cagayan , while that on rice was in May 2021 in Gonzaga, Cagayan, and subsequently to other municipalities in Region 2 .  Unlike corn, however, little is known about FAW damage and host preference for rice in the Philippines.  Rice, a key food security crop for the Philippines and in Asia, is amongst the key host of the FAW elsewhere (e.g., USA) .  The injury that the FAW will inflict in the rice plant should be known and assessed to quantify the potential yield losses, and predict when an intervention is necessary to avoid incurring potential yield losses. With this background, we conducted FAW monitoring and damage assessment in the areas reported to have FAW occurrence starting May 2021.  During 2021 and 2022 assessment periods, monitoring was conducted during the months of May, June, and July. However, starting January 2023, the monitoring and damage assessments were conducted monthly with the exception for May and June wherein it was done weekly since these months coincided with the seedling stage of the rice in a majority of rice-growing areas in the Philippines and where FAW attack was reported during the previous years. FAW larval population and damage were assessed in rice seedbeds. The number of FAW larvae were counted and visual damage was estimated in a 1 m2 quadrat with three replicates.
Pengaruh Kompensasi Finansial dan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Latif Nur Azmi Muhammad , Fitri Wahyuningtyas Yunita
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
            Terdapat indikasi penurunan kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Bantul, yang disebabkan oleh beberapa factor. penelitian   ini   bertujuan   untuk mengetahui  Pengaruh kompensasi finansial dan kecerdasan emosional terhadap kinerja Pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian   ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan software  pengolahan data SPSS versi 25. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh  pegawai Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Bantul yang berjumlah 114 orang. Delapanpuluh sembilan responden menjadi sampel yang ditentukan  dengan  menggunakan  rumus  Solvin.  Sampel  dikumpulkan  dengan  menggunakan simple random sampling,  sebuah  pendekatan non-probabilitysampling, dengan sampel diambil secara acak dari populasi. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kompensasi finansial tidak mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap kinerja, sedangkan   kecerdasan emosional mempengaruhi kinerja secara positif dan signifikan dan kompensasi finansial dan kecerdasan emosional mempengaruhi kinerja secara signifikan dan positif secara bersama-sama
Ensuring the spatial integration of Ukraine based on updated instruments of cooperation of regions and communities
Authors: Melnyk Maryana , Leshchukh Iryna , Yaremchuk Roman
Published: May 2024

The article aims to delve into the potential of Ukraine's spatial integration, focusing on activating regional and community cooperation tools. the study employed a robust set of scientific methods, including induction and deduction, comparison, systematization and generalization, and the graphic method, underscoring the thoroughness and reliability of the research. The article critically examines the current state and pressing issues surrounding enhancing public-private partnerships and inter-municipal cooperation. This analysis is particularly relevant in the context of Ukraine's need to form an integrated economic space amidst the challenges of war and post-war recovery, highlighting the urgency and importance of the topic. It was established that the main problems that inhibit the development of public-private partnerships in Ukraine are the considerable duration of the procedure for preparing PPP projects, instability of the state's tax and investment policy, limited financial resources of stakeholders, lack of specialists for the development of public-private partnership projects, its full-fledged technical and economic justification, preparation of tender documentation, etc. Considering the above, ways of increasing the effectiveness of public-private partnerships as a tool for forming an integrated and competitive economic space of Ukraine in the conditions of post-war reconstruction are proposed. The main problems that slow down the development of inter-municipal cooperation as a tool for the formation of an integrated economic space are named (lack of a consistent and clear regional policy of stimulating the development of inter-municipal cooperation of territorial communities; low effectiveness of the implementation of existing agreements on inter-municipal cooperation due to a lack of financial resources, the transfer of forces and funds to the wartime economy; limited possibilities of attracting credit instruments by MMC participants; lack of statistical information on the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of existing agreements on inter-municipal cooperation). Considering the above, directions for increasing the effectiveness of inter-municipal cooperation as a tool for forming an integrated economic space of Ukraine in the conditions of post-war reconstruction are named. The importance and necessity of simplifying the procedure of inter-municipal cooperation, clarifying roles and responsibilities, and removing legal barriers to inter-municipal cooperation were emphasized.
Keywords: spatial integration, community cooperation, public-private partnership, inter-municipal cooperation, post-war reconstruction, regional economy.
Geo-Economic Changes in the Development of the Financial and Credit Policy of the Agro-Food Industry of Ukraine
Authors: Tulush Leonid D. , Vyhovska Nataliia H. , Svynous Ivan V. , Chkan Iryna A. , Melnik Maryna A.
Published: May 2024

The article examines effective measures for the development of the financial and credit policy of the agro-food industry of Ukraine in the geo-economic space. Proved that financialization in geo-economics has a global vector of development, which transforms the models of the general balance of financial and credit flows. The geo-financial ap-proach is presented. A detailed analysis of Ukraine's foreign trade with the EU was carried out, and the specific structure of exports of agro-food products was determined. The geographical structure of the geo-financial system of Ukraine. The influence of currency risks on the export of grain crops on average per subject of the agro-food industry of Ukraine was calculated. The dynamic fluctuations of the inflation rate. The structure of the sources of the formation of the financial and credit system of the agro-food industry of Ukraine by global financial institutions during the period of martial law is given.
 
Received: 20 February 2024 / Accepted: 26 April 2024 / Published: 5 May 2024
Unravelling The Future and Scope of Smell Marks Under the Trademarks Act,1999
Authors: - AKHILA SARA BABY , - ARADHANA SATISH NAIR
Published: May 2024

The realm of intellectual property law is evolving amidst the traditional notions of visual trademarks and the development of an olfactory revolution is underway. To attain this objective, the top-notch companies develop unique logos, labels so on and so forth to catch the eye of every ultimate consumer they target upon. Recently, as the industries strive towards engaging the consumers through multisensory experiences, the recognition and protection of non- conventional trademarks specifically scents gain prominence. This article focuses on the future and scope of smell marks in Indian trademark law by comparing the existing laws of United States of America, and European Union. The article begins by throwing lights on the current status of smell marks in the Indian Trademarks Act. A critical analysis and comprehensive overview of the Act in examining existing provisions and challenges associated with registering and protecting olfactory trademarks, considering the subjectivity and fluidity of scent perception has been done. In order to be served as a benchmark for evaluating the adequacy of existing frameworks within the Indian context, drawing parallels with international practices is necessary. The approaches adopted by other jurisdictions, such as the European Union and the United States in recognizing and safeguarding smell marks has been observed. Furthermore, considering the growing significance of scent branding and the global trend towards acknowledging the distinctiveness of olfactory identifiers, the article strives to anticipate the future trajectory of smell marks in India. The article emphasis on the need for amendments required in the current legal frameworks to accommodate and protect smell marks balancing with the interests of trademark owners and consumer.
Revolutionary Design and Optimization of Railway Electrification Overhead Equipment in High-Altitude Tunnels: A Case Study of the Magnificent T-80 Tunnel
Authors: - Manish Kumar, PMP, IEng , - Jay Bardhan
Published: May 2024

Railway electrification systems are critical for modernizing railway infrastructure, enhancing efficiency, and reducing environmental impact to obtain zero emissions targets. In high-altitude regions, such as mountainous terrains, unique challenges arise due to extreme weather conditions, terrain complexities, and operational requirements. This case study focuses on the innovative and optimized design of overhead equipment (OHE) for railway electrification in high-altitude tunnels, presenting a comprehensive analysis of the planning, design, and implementation process for 25kV AC Overhead equipment. The study begins with an overview of significant considerations in designing 25kV AC OHE systems for high-altitude tunnels, including altitude effects on electrical performance, weather effects, structural safety checks, fire scenarios, vibration effects, and tunnel bolt drilling for OHE equipment installation. It also covers aspects such as the selection of auto tensioning devices, electrical clearances, and earthing & bonding according to railway/EN/IEC standards. Also, the paper examines the monetary feasibility and environmental sustainability of the proposed OHE design, emphasizing the importance of life-cycle cost analysis and environmental impact valuation. It underscores the significance of adopting a holistic approach that balances technical requirements, operational efficiency, and environmental stewardship in railway electrification projects.
Relaunching of Iconic Brand of yesteryear
Authors: - Gomashi Tiwari
Published: May 2024

This research paper explores the dynamic landscape of brand relaunching, focusing on three iconic brands - Campa Cola, Charmis, and Bajaj Chetak. The objective is to analyze the challenges and opportunities associated with the relaunch of these brands, considering changing consumer preferences, market trends, and the competitive environment. The paper delves into the historical significance of each brand, the reasons for their decline, and the strategic initiatives employed for their relaunch. By studying these case studies, we aim to derive insights and recommendations for businesses seeking to rejuvenate legacy brands.
Real Time Recognition of Underwater Images using Deep Learning
Authors: - DHIRESH KHARGA , - RUCHIRA C
Published: May 2024

This study focuses on the development of an effective image recognition system tailored for underwater environments. The objective is to create a robust and efficient artificial neural network capable of accurately categorizing underwater images amidst challenges like noise, distortion, and variable lighting conditions. The system's primary function is to classify images into predefined categories, such as distinct species of marine organisms, underwater objects, or environmental conditions.
An Evaluation of The Impact of Leadership Styles on the Performance of SMEs in Zambia: A Conceptual Perspective
Authors: - Sidney Kawimbe , - Pride Mulonga
Published: May 2024

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) contribute a significant portion to Zambia’s economy, playing vital roles in employment, revenue generation, and societal development. Despite their importance, SMEs in Zambia face challenges, including high failure rates attributed to ineffective management and unsuitable leadership. Leadership is crucial for organizational success, yet its impact on SME performance in Zambia remains underexplored. This research aims to assess the influence of leadership styles on Zambian SMEs' performance. The study is rooted in the understanding that effective leadership is essential for organizational success, particularly in SMEs facing dynamic and competitive environments. Drawing on existing literature, the research examines various leadership styles, including transformational, transactional, laissez-faire, and servant leadership. Leadership styles have significant implications for organizational performance. Transformational leadership inspires followers to surpass expectations and fosters innovation and employee motivation. Transactional leadership focuses on goal setting and rewards, ensuring compliance but may limit long-term growth. Laissez-faire leadership grants autonomy but risks organizational disorganization. Servant leadership prioritizes employee well-being, adaptability, and long-term sustainability, aligning closely with SME needs. The study suggests that servant leadership is particularly well-suited for managing Zambian SMEs due to its emphasis on employee engagement, adaptability, talent retention, organizational culture, and long-term sustainability. By fostering a supportive environment, empowering employees, and promoting a positive organizational culture, servant leaders can navigate the challenges faced by Zambian SMEs and nurture their growth and success. In conclusion, effective leadership is crucial for Zambian SMEs to thrive in today's competitive landscape. Servant leadership emerges as a promising approach for managing SMEs, offering a holistic framework that prioritizes employee well-being and organizational sustainability. Recommendations include fostering servant leadership practices among SME culture and contribute to Zambia’s economy.
Intelligent Localization System for Rescue during the Accident in Construction Work
Authors: - Anjana D , - Hemalatha A , - Sivaranjini S , - Dr.K.Vijayan
Published: May 2024

A significant development in assuring the security and well-being of laborers in the construction sector is the Intelligent Localization System for Construction Accident Rescue employing RSSI for Person Identification and Health Monitoring System. During emergencies or accidents, this system is intended to precisely find and identify individuals within a building site by utilizing the power of Radio Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) technology. The system precisely
locates each worker by evaluating the strength of the RSSI signal, facilitating quick and effective rescue efforts. Additionally, the system has health monitoring features that offer workers real-time insights into their well-being. This entails keeping an eye on critical indicators like body temperature and heart rate in order to recognize crisis signals early and seek medical attention quickly if necessary. The combination of individuals.
A Journey through Huntington's Disease: Exploring Genetics, Neurobiology, and Therapeutic Advances
Authors: - Sandeep Dey , - Shreyas Katta , - Saigayathri Suresh , - Janhvi Mishra
Published: May 2024

Huntington disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is debilitating for families worldwide. Inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, HD results from a CAG expansion in the gene encoding the huntingtin protein. This mutation leads to a host of motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms that generally appear in middle age. While spiny projection neurons in the striatum are the most vulnerable cell type in HD, notable atrophy occurs throughout the brain, including the white matter; for this reason, HD is now considered to be a brain-wide disease. The clinical features, ethics, and neurobiology of HD are discussed in this chapter. The chapter also reviews the exciting approaches being employed today to advance understanding of underlying mechanisms in an effort to develop therapies that would delay the onset and slow progression of this disease.
Utility of Dexmedetomidine in Paediatric Cardiac Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: - Vishnu Datt , - Diksha Datt , - Anumeha V , - Garima Sangwan , - Karan Juneja , - Sneha Satya , - Priyanka
Published: May 2024

Dexmedetomidine is a selector α 2-agonist that provides sedation with sparing respiratory depression, anxiolysis, and analgesic adjunct with opioids and benzodiazepines sparing effects, prolongs the duration of regional anesthesia and allows early tracheal extubation after pediatric cardiac surgery.[1,2,3 ] Recently, dexmedetomidine has been established as a cardioprotective agent in adult cardiac surgical patients. Some trials show significantly lower myocardial injury markers like interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and creatinine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), after cardiac surgery in the dexmedetomidine group.[ ] The majority of published studies have suggested that dexmedetomidine is a seemingly efficacious agent protecting against cardiac injury during CPB.[6] Its administration lowers mechanical ventilation period, ICU stay, and length of hospital stay after pediatric cardiac surgery. In addition, it is effective against postoperative shivering, refractory JET rhythm and Tet spells, and acute kidney injury (AKI) in cyanotic pediatric patients undergoing corrective surgery. However, studies on its application in pediatric heart surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remain limited. This systematic review aimed to provide information on the utility of dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing pediatric cardiac surgery using CPB: hemodynamic stability, cardioprotective, renal protection, neuroprotective effects, control of refractory JET, and Tet spells, and the early and late outcome.
Development of Fly Ash and Light Weight Mineral Granules Based Thermal Insulated Ceramic Container Bases for Keeping Hot Pot & Hot Bowl
Authors: - Sugeet Sethi , - Vinay Kumar Jain
Published: May 2024

Thermal insulation based product development is the most important concern in the present age because we are using so many types of heating and cooking and baking devices and electronic equipment like microwave ovens, induction cook tops, Oven toaster Grillers, Electric tandoor, Roti makers, domestic furnace and electronic coffee & tea makers. When we take out our bowls and pots from the microwave ovens and such type of other kitchen devices then heat present in the walls of the containers like utensil, bowl & pot and heat present in the cooked food damages the top of the table and table covers. In order to prevent such things there is a burning need of development of thermal insulation bases and mats.
Assessing the Impact of Strategic Planning on Organizational Success in Public Educational Institutions: A Case Study of Kabwe District, Zambia
Authors: - Victor Mwila
Published: May 2024

This study aims to assess the impact of strategic planning on organizational success in public educational institutions, focusing on a case study of Kabwe District, Zambia. The paper reviews the current strategic planning practices in these institutions, identifies areas that require improvement, and explores the perceptions of senior administrators regarding the influence of strategic planning on academic performance, financial management, and stakeholder satisfaction. Additionally, the study identifies the challenges and opportunities faced by public educational institutions in implementing strategic planning practices. Recommendations are made to address these challenges and improve strategic planning practices in public educational institutions in Zambia. The ultimate goal is to enhance organizational effectiveness, efficiency, and overall success in the education sector.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Ventricular Arrhythmia
Authors: - Z. BENNOUI
Published: May 2024

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic cardiac disease. Its clinical presentation is heterogeneous, ranging from asymptomatic patients to sudden death in young individuals. This complication is unpredictable, and no preventive medical treatment has proven effective. We report the case of a 32-year-old individual who was admitted for poorly tolerated ventricular tachycardia (VT), which was resolved with external electrical shock. We diagnosed localized hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, confirmed by MRI. This paper outlines the patient's medical journey, highlighting the rhythm complications experienced and the various therapeutic options available.
AI-powered Leadership in Moroccan Organizations: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: - Rachid Ejjami
Published: May 2024

This integrative literature review (ILR) examines how we can exploit AI to enhance organizational leadership in Morocco, where there is a notable lack of awareness among leaders and IT policymakers about the revolutionary potential of AI-powered leadership. This ILR aims to address this knowledge gap by looking at the application and impact of strategic analytics and adaptive machine learning management in critical industries such as banking, healthcare, tourism, manufacturing, and logistics. These AI-driven techniques get value for their ability to alter leadership by improving Moroccan decision-makers capacities in driving competitiveness and organizational sustainability. The review thoroughly illuminates the power of AI-driven leadership, which Strategic Analytics and Adaptive Machine Learning Management trigger. The study's conceptual framework revolves around four key pillars: AI, strategic analytics, leadership, and adaptive machine learning management. This ILR employs inclusion and exclusion criteria, data extraction, data analysis and synthesis, and conceptual mapping to ensure the rigor and comprehensiveness of the research material. The findings of this ILR highlight the significance of implementing strategic analytics and adaptive machine learning management into Morocco's leadership practices. They illuminate the need to develop a strong leadership pipeline, conduct collaborative research, establish policy frameworks, safeguard data, foster innovation in management, and train the workforce. This review offers suggestions for forthcoming policies and practices, emphasizing the application of adaptive machine learning management and strategic analytics. These recommendations can significantly influence the practice of AI-powered leadership in Moroccan organizations and offer valuable insights for future research.
Optimizing Higher Education Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: - Vidushi Joshi , - Santosh Kumar Tripathi
Published: May 2024

A revolutionary transformation and overhaul of our approach to how we instruct and interact with educational content is being heralded by the simultaneous development of artificial intelligence and education. Businesses dealing with educational technology are greatly engaging and spending exponentially over technologies delivering education by artificial intelligence. Such technologies generate highly interactive and deeply engaging educational experiences for the learners creating an everlasting impact. Some of the cutting-edge technologies that improve student engagement and encourage deeper connections with the educational content or the conversational assistants that interact verbally and virtually. Virtual reality (VR), Augmented reality (AR), holographic simulations, etc. are some more examples of AI generated applications which are now being used to create immersive learning experiences. This paper explores the role of AI in higher education, it’s benefits for both learners & educators, it’s application in H.E. classrooms, utilisation of AI-detection technology, challenges and strategies to implement AI seamlessly in educational settings. It is an effort made in order to discuss this emerging topic and to offer an insight into the constantly evolving relationship between AI an education.
A Research to Examine the Stress Level and Coping Means Applied by Family Members of Patients With Cancer
Authors: - Yogesh Kumar C
Published: May 2024

One of the main causes of illness and disability worldwide nowadays is cancer. Both first and the second most common cause of mortality in the developed world are cancer-related illnesses. Individuals with a cancer diagnosis constitute a valuable subset within our society. Cancer's effects extend beyond the individual to include family and the community. The stress that caregivers go through is much the same as what cancer patients go through. As they accompany the patients on this journey, the family members are also adjusting to new roles and dealing with personal difficulties that may or may not be connected to the patient's condition. The health of the caregiver is impacted by stress while providing care. The study showed that 34(56.67%) of the samples were female, 23(38.33%) of the samples were in the age group of 29-38years, 49(81.66%) of the samples were married, Spouse were the care takers of cancer patients 25(41.66%), More than half of the caregivers caring the cancer patients for 3-12 months 35(58.33%). Moderate stress was experienced by 49(81.7%)of caregivers and 11(18.3%) of caregivers were experienced severe stress. 35(58.3%) of the caregivers used Adaptive coping strategy and 25 (41.6%) of them used Maladaptive coping strategy. Study concludes that 82% of the caregivers were having moderate stress and majority of the caregivers were using adaptive coping strategies to deal their stress.
A Couple of Fresh New Perspectives on the Concatenation Model with Power-Law of Self-Phase Modulation
Authors: Jawad Anwar Ja'afar Mohamad , Biswas Anjan , Yildirim Yakup , Alshomrani Ali Saleh
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we have secured new optical solitons for the concatenation model with power-law nonlinearity. The traveling wave hypothesis serves as the starting point. To retrieve optical soliton solutions, we have implemented two powerful techniques into the model: the Sardar Sub-Equation Method (SSEM) and the Tanh-Coth method. For power-law nonlinearity, we derived through the balancing principle that solitons would exist for different values of the power-law parameter. Therefore, we have secured a large variety of new soliton solutions for the model. This paper derives dark, bright, and singular soliton solutions for the value of n, as the first case was already covered in a previous report dedicated to addressing the model with Kerr law nonlinearity. Lastly, all the parametric existence conditions of the solitons and all solutions have been constructed.
Evaluation of Anticancer Activity and Structural Analysis of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Centella Asiatica
Authors: R RUPA , B PAVITHRA , M KAVYA , K V NIKHITHA , J D NIVETHA , J Bindhu
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from an ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica leaf, which exhibits anticancer characteristics, was investigated in this study. Green synthesis, a non-harmful procedure for the environment, aids in the production of nanoparticles from Centella asiatica extract. Centella asiatica has long been regarded to have beneficial properties for neurological function, anti-inflammation, and wound treatment.
Objective: FT-IR, GC-MS, and thin-layer chromatography were used to find the phytochemicals present in the extract, and the anti-cancer abilities of the nanoparticles were tested against the PC3 cell line.
Methods: Soxhlet extraction is used to extract the bioactive, and then nanoparticles are synthesised. Following that, they are subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis and thin-layer chromatography. These can assess the presence or absence of phytochemicals. Soon after, GCMS is done to reveal the molecular weight of the bioactive compounds using the charge-to-mass ratio. The structural peaks of different functional groups were identified using FT-IR. Under different concentrations, the silver nanoparticles were portrayed against the PC3 cell line of prostate cancer.
Result: The concentration of silver nanoparticles was shown to negatively affect cell viability. The IC50 value was 11.8 µg/ml, showing that the inhibition of growth increased with increasing doses of the AgNPs.
Conclusion: Our study highlights the significance of green synthesis of AgNPs from Centella asiatica extract, with bioactive compounds identified using GC-MS showing potential as anticancer agents against PC3 cells, suggesting a promising avenue for cancer therapy.
AI - Jak to vlastně začalo a kam jsme se posunuli?
Authors: Petrů Naděžda
Published: May 2024

Příspěvek nabízí krátký vhled do časových milníků vývoje umělé inteligence. Upozorňuje na skutečnost, že některé z těchto technologií existují už více než 100 let. Vývoj umělé inteligence je neodmyslitelně spjatý s hrami, na kterých se ukazuje, co jsou a nejsou stroje schopné vyřešit. Pokrok ve výpočetní technice, přístup k obrovskému množství dat, nové algoritmy a investice do jejich rozvoje v posledních letech vedly k významnému průlomu v této oblasti. Trh s technologiemi umělé inteligence je obrovský, v roce 2023 činil přibližně 200 miliard amerických dolarů a očekává se, že do roku 2030 poroste mnohem dále, až na více než 1,8 bilionu amerických dolarů. V příspěvku jsou zmíněny oblasti (marketing, finanční služby, management, výroba, zdravotnictví, školství, doprava a logistika, zemědělství, státní správa a další), které umělou inteligenci využívají a jejichž cílem je zvýšení vnitřní efektivity, produktivity a ziskovosti.
Umělá inteligence na základních a středních školách v ČR
Authors: Nulíček Vladimír
Published: May 2024

Názory na využívání umělé inteligence mezi žáky, studenty, rodiči, pedagogy, ale i vedením škol jsou velmi rozdílné. To se následně promítá do zcela odlišného přístupu k výuce a každodenní práci s žáky a se studenty. Školy se také liší v nastavování pravidel pro využívání umělé inteligence při zpracování různých úkolů, prezentací apod. Zavádění umělé inteligence vyžaduje po učitelích nové znalosti a dovednosti v didaktice, aplikace umělé inteligence mění způsob jejich práce. Probíhají i diskuse na téma, zda umělá inteligence částečně nebo zcela nahradí učitelskou profesi. Ve školách se sice vyučuje informatika, osnovy ale neřeší, jak si poradit s umělou inteligencí. Příspěvek představuje samotný pojem, historii, přínosy a rizika AI, diskutuje výsledky výzkum realizovaného týmem Centra prevence rizikové virtuální komunikace Pedagogické fakulty Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci.
Nová éra práce: AI měnící nároky práce a mzdovou strukturu
Authors: Farkačová Lenka
Published: May 2024

Následující příspěvek zkoumá novou éru práce, tedy éru, kdy se zapojení AI do výkonu práce stává samozřejmou součástí. Tato implementace umělé inteligence s sebou nese klíčové výzvy v podobě změny nároků práce a jejich konsekvence na nároky na vzdělání, ale spravedlivou základní mzdovou diferenciaci. Příspěvek zároveň představuje praktickou metodu hodnocení složitosti, odpovědnosti a namáhavosti prací, která může zaměstnavatelům pomoci při identifikaci případné změny nároků práce v důsledku využití AI. Zhodnocení těchto změn je pak následně nutné reflektovat do výše základní složky odměny za práci zaměstnance.
Rizika využití AI – nejenom v podnikání
Authors: Halouzka Miroslav
Published: May 2024

Vývoj a implementace umělé inteligence je spojen s řadou rizik a otázek. Jedna z nich je ze světa science-fiction – co když nás, lidi, všemocná umělá inteligence ovládne - pak nás zničí, zotročí? Další otázky jsou spojeny s naším každodenním životem – sebere nám umělá inteligence práci? Dokáže umělá inteligence zneužít naše soukromá data? Opravdu můžeme důvěřovat všem informacím a textům, které nám umělá inteligence předkládá? Je copyright zejména problematickým tématem u AI-generovaného umění jakéhokoli druhu, včetně fotografií, hudby, reklam, knih, televizních seriálů apod.? Podobných otázek se nabízí mnoho, příspěvek si klade za cíl otevřít toto téma a zamyslet se nad tím, zda lze alespoň některá rizika předvídat a eliminovat.
Vztah umělé inteligence a etiky
Authors: Kremr Tomáš
Published: May 2024

Umělá inteligence (AI) způsobila revoluci v různých aspektech lidského života, od zdravotnictví a financí až po dopravu a zábavu. Rozmach technologií umělé inteligence v posledních letech vedl ke zvýšenému nadšení z jejího potenciálu řešit mnoho problémů ve společnosti včetně přínosu výrazných ekonomických úspor firem (snížení počtu zaměstnanců a zvýšení produktivity firemních procesů), na druhé straně tento rozmach vyvolal mnohé otázky spojené s etikou a morálkou. Umělá inteligence totiž kromě svého pozitivního transformačního potenciálu může zásadním způsobem měnit pracovní a osobní život jedinců. Rozdílné přístupy k začlenění rozmanitějších etických hledisek a soudobé vyzývy k většímu zohlednění mocenských struktur při vývoji etických politik a standardů AI v těchto alternativních sociokulturních a socioekonomických kontextech jsou stále přítomným vedlejším efektem rozmachu AI. Příspěvek poskytuje přehled etických výzev, které AI představuje, zkoumá klíčové oblasti, jako jsou bezpečnost, transparentnost, soukromí a zaujatost. Na základě analýzy existující literatury a etických rámců si klade za cíl nabídnout pohled na souhru mezi technologiemi umělé inteligence a etickými principy. Zamýšlí se nad úlohou zúčastněných stran (stakeholders) - vlád, korporací a výzkumných pracovníků, při řešení těchto etických problémů a podpoře odpovědných inovací AI.
Prognóza vývoje AI a reforma politického systému
Authors: Štědroň Bohumír , Štědroň Jakub
Published: May 2024

Článek analyzuje technologické trendy včetně prognózy umělé inteligence, které se pohybují po logistické křivce. Obecné trendy jsou demonstrovány na příkladě šachových programů. Z analyzovaných trendů vyplývá nutnost reformy celého politického systému. Klíčová slova prognóza, umělá inteligence, reforma politického systému.
AI: Komplement, nebo substitut lidského kapitálu?
Authors: Lipovská Hana
Published: May 2024

Příspěvek se zabývá ekonomickým fenoménem umělé inteligence (AI) a jeho implikace pro teorii a praxi v oblasti ekonomie, zejména v kontextu produkční funkce, ekonomického růstu a tržních struktur. Na základě předpokladu, že AI může do roku 2035 zdvojnásobit roční míru hospodářského růstu vlivem změny povahy práce a interakce mezi člověkem a strojem, je posuzována AI jako potenciálně nový, avšak ne zcela nezávislý výrobní faktor. Analyzuje se, zda AI představuje substitut nebo komplement výrobního faktoru práce, s ohledem na její schopnost generovat originální výstupy a přispívat k produktivitě práce. Diskuse reflektuje debatu o ekonomickém významu AI, včetně přehodnocení tradičních koncepcí jako je Solowův paradox produktivity, a poukazuje na rozdíly v dopadech AI na různé ekonomiky. Ukazujeme, že AI mění paradigma výrobních faktorů a vyžaduje hlubší porozumění jejích dlouhodobých ekonomických důsledků.
Avantgardní polemika o sociálně psychologických dopadech robotizace a umělé inteligence na naši civilizaci
Authors: Pavlák Miroslav
Published: May 2024

Robotizace, automatizace a umělá inteligence jsou fenomény dnešní doby. Ovlivňují náš soukromý i pracovní život a v budoucnu tomu bude ještě více. Musíme se naučit přijímat tento fakt jako skutečnost a nepovažovat ho za science fiction. Abychom si jako lidská civilizace udrželi před humanoidy konkurenční výhodu, musíme se vzdělávat a zejména trénovat paměť. Pokud tomu tak nebude, v několika dalších generacích zlenivíme, začneme se na humanoidy spoléhat, dobrovolně jim odevzdáme naši schopnost rozhodovat se a staneme se na nich závislými. Z našich žáků se tak stanou naši učitelé.
Memory from nonsense syllables to novels: A survey of retention
Authors: Radvansky Gabriel A. , Parra Dani , Doolen Abigail C.
Published: May 2024

Memory has been the subject of scientific study for nearly 150 years. Because a broad range of studies have been done, we can now assess how effective memory is for a range of materials, from simple nonsense syllables to complex materials such as novels. Moreover, we can assess memory effectiveness for a variety of durations, anywhere from a few seconds up to decades later. Our aim here is to assess a range of factors that contribute to the patterns of retention and forgetting under various circumstances. This was done by taking a meta-analytic approach that assesses performance across a broad assortment of studies. Specifically, we assessed memory across 256 papers, involving 916 data sets (e.g., experiments and conditions). The results revealed that exponential-power, logarithmic, and linear functions best captured the widest range of data compared with power and hyperbolic-power functions. Given previous research on this topic, it was surprising that the power function was not the best-fitting function most often. Contrary to what would be expected, a substantial amount of data also revealed either stable memory over time or improvement. These findings can be used to improve our ability to model and predict the amount of information retained in memory. In addition, this analysis of a large set of memory data provides a foundation for expanding behavioral and neuroimaging research to better target areas of study that can inform the effectiveness of memory.
Kutsal Şehrin Kutsal Gölü Şanlıurfa Halilü’r-Rahman Gölü
Authors: Özcan Tahir , Özcan Gülnaz , Dörtbudak Muhammed Yaşar , Güler Selahattin Eyyubi
Published: May 2024

12.000 yıllık geçmişiyle tarihin sıfır noktasına ev sahipliğinde bulunan Urfa kenti, ilkçağlardan günümüze insanoğlunun yerleşmesine uygun ekolojik şartlara sahip olmasıyla birlikte inanç dünyasıda gelişmeye başlamıştır. Urfa yöresi ilkçağlardan itibaren inanç ve kültür kenti özelliği kazanmış ve halen devam ettirmektedir. Son dinin (hak din) tebliğcisi Peygamber efendimiz Hz. Muhammed (s.a.v) “Ben O’nun duasıyım” dediği atası Hz. İbrahim Aleyhisselam’ın doğduğu makamı ve zalim kral Nemrut tarafından ateşe atıldığına inanılan ve ateşin suya dönüştüğü kutsal gölün bulunduğu bu şehirde doğmak ve yaşamak büyük bir onurdur. Binlerce yıllık geçmişiyle birçok toplum ve inanç çerçevesinde oluşan mitleri, efsaneleri, hikayeleri ve rivayetleriyle kutsal göl olarak kabul görmüştür. Paganların Atargatis kültü çerçevesinde bereket/verimlilik tanrıçası olarak inandıkları tanrıça Atargatis mekânı, semavi dinler (Musevilik, Hristiyanlık ve Müslümanlık) için Hz. İbrahim’in ateşe atıldığı mekân olarak kabul gören, kutsal göl hakkındaki geçmişi, inanca ait sembolleri, mimarisi, fauna ve florası hakkında derli toplu kaynak eksikliği giderilmeye çalışılmıştır. Arkeolojik kazılardan, eski vakayiname ve seyyahların yazdıklarından faydalanılmıştır.
Yabancılar için Türkçe Soru Bankası A1-A2
Authors: Taşkaya Yahya
Published: May 2024

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The Manufacturing of Ideology and Identity
Authors: Ocak Havva Esra
Published: May 2024

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EFEKTIFITAS KEPATUHAN PELAKSANAAN EMPAT PILAR DIABETES MILITUS TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH DAN KADAR HbA1C PENDERITA DIABETES MILITUS TIPE 2 (STUDI DI KLINIK ZAHRA MEDIKA SILO JEMBER)
Authors: Duri Vinca Rosa Swastika , Dian Ellina Agusta , Nurwijayanti Nurwijayanti
Published: May 2024

Penderita diabetes militus selama ini tidak mudah untuk mencapai sasaran gula darah dan kadar HbA1C yang diinginkan karena salah satu penyebabnya adalah kebanyakan pasien sering hanya mengandalkan obat-obatan saja, padahal banyak faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi dan membantu capaian gula darah yang diinginkan. Faktor-faktor tersebut merupakan penatalaksanaan empat pilar diabetes militus. Empat pilar tersebut adalah: pola makan sehat, aktivitaas fisik, obat-obatan, dan edukasi. Penatalaksanaan ini harus diimbangi dengan kepatuhan pelaksanaannya oleh penderita diabetes melitus. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kepatuhan pelaksanaan empat pilar Diabetes melitus terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan kadar HbA1c penderita Diabetes Melitus Type 2. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain Quasy-eksperiment with control group design, sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 124 orang yang di ambil menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Penelitian ini berlangsung selama bulan Maret – Mei 2023. Hasil yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat efektivitas kepatuhan pelaksanaan empat pilar diabetes terhadap peningkatan kadar gula darah dan kadar HbA1C pada penderita diabetes melitus dengan nilai p-value 0,000 (<0,05). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kepatuhan 4 pilar berpengaruh pada kadar gula dalam darah dan kadar HbA1C pada penderita DM di Klinik Azahra Silo Jember.
It is not easy for diabetes mellitus sufferers to achieve their desired blood sugar targets and HbA1C levels because most patients rely only on medication alone, even though many other factors can influence and help achieve the desired blood sugar. These factors constitute the management of the four pillars of diabetes mellitus. The four pillars are healthy eating patterns, physical activity, medicine, and education. This management must be balanced with compliance with its implementation by diabetes mellitus sufferers. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of compliance with the performance of the four pillars of Diabetes Mellitus on blood glucose levels and HbA1c levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sufferers. This research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experiment design with a control group design, The sample in this study was 124 people taken using a consecutive sampling technique. This research took place during March - May 2023. The results obtained in this study were that there was effectiveness in complying with the implementation of the four pillars of diabetes in increasing blood sugar levels and HbA1C levels in diabetes mellitus sufferers with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). This study concludes that compliance with the 4 pillars affects blood sugar levels and HbA1C levels in DM sufferers at the Azahra Silo Clinic, Jember.
KEYWORDS: Adherence, Four pillars of diabetes, Blood sugar levels, HbA1C
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap tentang Kesehatan Reproduksi dengan Perilaku Seks Pra-nikah pada Remaja
Authors: Malau Erlin Angeline , Siagian Nurhayati
Published: May 2024

Lack of knowledge of adolescents about reproductive health and premarital sex affects the attitudes and behaviors of adolescents who ignore aspects of reproductive health and pre-marital sex. In the growth and development of adolescents, there are many things they want to know or try to do new things that are against even prohibited actions without thinking about the consequences. Cases of premarital sex in adolescents are currently found in Indonesia which affects their reproductive health. Researchers aim to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes about reproductive health with premarital sex behavior in adolescents. Quantitative research method with descriptive correlation type, using purposive sampling technique using the slovin formula in taking samples participating 102 adolescents. The results of this study, knowledge and attitudes about reproductive health are simultaneously significantly related to premarital sexual behavior in adolescents. Therefore, it is important to provide knowledge about reproductive health and attitudes towards premarital sex behavior so that adolescents do not ignore aspects of reproductive health and pre-marital sex.
Kurangnya pengetahuan remaja mengenai kesehatan reproduksi dan seks pra-nikah mempengaruhi sikap dan perilaku remaja yang mengabaikan aspek kesehatan reproduksi dan seks pra-nikah. Dalam tumbuh kembang remaja banyak hal yang ingin remaja ketahui atau mencoba melakukan hal-hal baru yang sifatnya menentang bahkan tindakan yang terlarang tanpa memikirkan konsekuensinya. Kasus seks pranikah di remaja saat ini sudah banyak sekali ditemukan di indonesia yang mempengaruhi pada kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Peneliti bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap tentang kesehatan reproduksi dengan perilaku seks pranikah pada remaja. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis deskriptif korelasi, menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan menggunakan rumus slovin dalam mengambil sampel yang berpartisipasi 102 remaja. Hasil dari penelitian ini, pengetahuan dan sikap tentang kesehatan reproduksi secara simultan berhubungan signifikan terhadap perilaku seks pranikah pada remaja. Oleh karena itu pentingnya diberikan pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan reproduksi dan sikap menghadapi perilaku seks pra-nikah agar remaja tidak mengabaikan aspek tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan seks pra-nikah.
Determination of OCS Mast Offset in Johore Bahru Sentral for Gemas-Johor Electrified Double Track Project
Authors: Muhamad Syakir Kamis  , Muhamad Faiz Abd Latif  , Mimi Faisyalini Ramli  , Reventheran Ganasan  , Mohd Asran Shamsuddin  , Mohd Eizzuddin Mahyeddin  , Nadia Amena Iskandar
Published: May 2024

The Gemas – Johor Bahru Electrified Double Track Project (GJBEDTP) is the most recent railway electrification. GJBEDTP runs from Gemas Railway Station to Johore Bahru (JB) Sentral. Since the JB Sentral station platform track is existing, it cannot achieve the minimal offset in the client's Statement of Needs (SON). The station canopy's acting load capacity is limited, so it cannot support the Overhead Line Equipment (OLE). Malaysia's standard offset value was 3.0 m, while the KTMB guideline's maximum offset value is 3.60 m and the minimum is 2.60 m. Thus, this research investigates the concrete mast offset that should be used when track separation is lower than standard. JB Sentral architecture data was collected to evaluate the mast offset. Sicat Master simulation and a cross-sectional diagram can be used to determine the proper minimum offset from the data collected. The results show that the mast at the centre of the two tracks can achieve clearances with the minimum offset of 1.80 m from the track centreline to the concrete mast face. These results also show that tangent track alignment allows a minimum offset of 1.80 m at a lower train speed.