bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing student teachers’ knowledge of English to inform curriculum design in initial teacher education
Authors: Roberts Nicky , Moloi Qetelo M. , Mort Thelma
Published: September 2024

Background: In Initial Teacher Education (ITE) programmes, there are concerns about student teachers’ English language proficiency.Aim: To discuss the first iteration of the PrimTEd English language and literacy test and analyse the results for information about the test instrument and about student teacher attainment.Setting: South African student teachers in BEd programmes preparing for teaching in primary schools, across six public universities, participated in the test from 2020 to 2022.Methods: The student results for the PrimTEd English assessment were analysed using basic statistics, focussing on the largest samples of first-year and fourth-year students who took both the subtests. The items in each subtest were coded according to their underlying language constructs, and each subtest was subjected to Rasch analysis before the test was considered as a whole.Results: The initial test showed the attainment of fourth-year students (mean = 55%, standard deviation [SD] = 21%, n = 731) was only 3 percentage points higher than that of first-year students (mean = 52%, SD = 20%, n = 1177).Conclusion: The similarities between the first- and fourth-year students’ test results is concerning. There remains much work to be done in building student teachers’ English language proficiency in BEd programmes.Contribution: The findings and recommendations should be useful to ITE lecturers in designing programmes that enable progressive development of English language and literacy competence from first year to graduation.
Hypothyroidism in Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Verma Durga Prasad , Chaudhary Shyam Chand , Singh Abhishek , Sawlani Kamal Kumar , Gupta Kamlesh Kumar , Usman Kauser , Reddy Himanshu Dandu , Patel Munna Lal , Verma Sudhir Kumar , Atam Virendra
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hypothyroidism are well-established forerunners of atherogenic cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is possible that patients suffering from both these disease entities may have a compounded risk. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of hypothyroidism in MetS.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to August 2018 in the department of medicine at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional ethical committee. The study subjects consisted of 157 patients with MetS, the diagnosis of which was based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria. After a detailed history and physical examination, relevant investigations including complete thyroid profile were done. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests (P < 0.05).

Results:

In our study, the age of subjects ranged between 14 and 92 years, with a mean ± standard deviation of 48.1 ± 17.01 years. There were more females than males with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.3. The prevalence of hypothyroidism was 46.5%. Hypothyroidism was more common in females (58.9%) as compared to males (41.1%). Patients with hypothyroidism had significantly higher body weight and body mass index (BMI) in comparison to euthyroid patients. The rest of the anthropometric parameters were comparable. Waist circumference and BMI of overt hypothyroid patients were found to be higher as compared to subclinical hypothyroid patients. Total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly higher (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively), while high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly lower in patients with hypothyroidism than the euthyroid group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Hypothyroidism, especially subclinical hypothyroidism, is a common endocrine disorder in patients with MetS. As MetS and hypothyroidism are independent risk factors for CVD, hence there is a need for screening for hypothyroidism and the treatment of the same can be beneficial in reducing the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with MetS.
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Neurological Conditions: An Observation from the Eastern Part of India
Authors: Mishra Ajit Prasad , Sahoo Srikant Kumar , Kanungo Girijanandini , Sahoo Lulup Kumar , Mishra Shubhankar , Mishra Chandraprava
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is an extracorporeal process of separation of plasma from the cellular components of blood and its replacement with analogous fluids. This process is effective in treatment of disease conditions from dysregulation of the humoral immune system by removal of various humoral pathogenic substances like antibodies, immune complexes, monoclonal proteins, toxins or cytokine(s) and/or the replenishment of a specific plasma factor.

Aim and Objective:

To evaluate major indications of therapeutic plasma exchange in neurological disorders. To identify major complications associated and factors associated with premature cessation of the therapeutic plasma exchange cycle. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based retrospective study conducted by analyzing medical records of patients, who had undergone therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for various neurological disorders at IMS & SUM hospital. Medical records total 118 patients who underwent TPE from January 2016 to December 2021 were analyzed. The demographic data, blood group pattern and indications for TPE were enumerated from the records. Various complications of TPE and reasons for incomplete TPE cycle were documented and analyzed.

Results:

A total of 508 TPE procedures were performed on 118 patients. In this study 61 patients were male and 57 patients were female. O-blood group was commonest blood group among the patients. GBS is the commonest indication of TPE. 57.6 % of patients could complete all sessions TPE cycle. Blockage of vascular access is the commonest cause of incomplete TPE session. Cramps (33%) and mild transient hypotension (27.1%0 were the commonest complications observed.

Conclusion:

TPE is a safe and effective treatment option for various immune-mediated neurological disorders and should be considered in managing these disorders.
High-Frequency Hearing Loss Amongst Smart Mobile Phone Users: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Jha Indira , Alam MD Kabir , Kumar Chandan , Sinha Niska , Kumar Tarun
Published: September 2024

Background:

In past 20 years, there is increase in mobile phone users from 12.4 million to about 5.6 billion i.e 70 % of the world’s population.[1] Electromagnetic radiations emitted from mobile phone damages inner ear, cochlea and outer hair cells of inner ear and auditory pathway (AP).[2]

Materials and Methods:

Case control study. Group 1, N=30 subjects, using mobile smart phones since past 1-5 years and exposure time more than 2 hours per day. Group II included 30 subjects, using mobile smart phones for more than 5 years and exposure time more than 2 hours per day. Headache, tinnitus, or sensations of burning around phone-using were excluded. Brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) done. Student Unpaired t test was used for analysis and chisquare test.

Results:

Mean ± SD of absolute latencies (AL) of Brainstem evoked response auditory. (BERA) waves III, V and all interpeak latencies at 80 dB and 4,6,8 KHz in group 2 were delayed and significant as compared to group 1. All parameters were highly significant at 8KHz as compared to 4KHz in group 2.

Conclusion:

Brain stem evoked response audiometry (BERA) detects hearing loss in smart mobile phone using subjects at higher frequencies i.e at 8 KHz early. Hence central neural axis involvement can be detected early by BERA.
Critical Role of Pleural Wrap and Post-operative Neonatal Protocol in Long-gap Oesophageal Atresia: A Team Effort
Authors: Khanna Sanat Kumar , Tiwari Vishal Vishnu , Singh Gurjot , Panchal Gaurav
Published: September 2024

Background:

The objectives of this study were to bring out the results of application of pleural wrap in primary repair of tracheo - esophageal fistula (TEF) with long-gap oesophageal atresia (LGEA) and also define the role of neonatologists and paediatric intensivists in post-operative management in these patients by laying down standard neonatal management protocol.

Materials and Methods:

This was a retrospective descriptive observational study conducted between March 2011 and April 2019 on 23 cases of LGEA with TEF. The study was conducted at two tertiary care paediatric surgery centres in Northern part of India wherein these newborn babies were operated by two paediatric surgeons with variable experience of 8–12 years. It also describes the neonatal management protocol used in post-operative period.

Results:

Out of 23 patients, 15 were boys and 8 were girls, with a mean age of 32.25 weeks and a mean birth weight of 2.02 kg. The mean hospital stay was 23.5 ± 8 days. Eleven cases had gap between 3 and 3.5 cm, 8 cases between 3.5 and 4 cm and 4 cases had gap more than 4 cm. The incidence of associated anomalies was 52%. Anastomotic leak rate was 8.69%, and 3 (13.04%) patients died in the post-operative period. All the operated patients were managed postoperatively as per strict neonatal management protocol exclusively by the team of neonatologists and neonatal intensivists.

Conclusion:

Application of pleural wrap over anastomosis following primary repair of LGEA with TEF significantly reduced the incidence of anastomotic leak in our study. Apart from the pleural wrap, the key to successful outcome also is contributed by the little prolonged, controlled ventilation and patience and perseverance in post-operative feeds. This post-operative management protocol that has been followed by us in our study is easily reproducible and can be adopted by paediatric surgeons working alongside neonatologists as a team.
The validity and reliability of CT scan based tibial plateau mapping for tibial plateau fractures
Authors: Metwaly Radwan G. , Diab Hossam Saeed , Niaz Mohamed Nader
Published: September 2024

Introduction

The Schatzker and computed tomography (CT)-based three-column classifications are the most used for tibial plateau fractures. The newer “10-segment classification” suggested to have better fracture identification and more accurate planning. This study aimed to assess the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of this new classification and to clarify its validity in clinical practice.

Patients and methods

A retrospective analysis of 30 patients with tibial plateau fractures who were admitted to a university hospital through the period between January 2020 and December 2022 was done. Patients with complete preoperative imaging, including radiographs, CT scans with three-dimensional reconstruction, and postoperative radiographs were included. Missing imaging, open fractures, pathological fractures, conservative management, or definitive fixation by circular external fixator were excluded. Data were reviewed independently by three expert trauma surgeons twice with 2-week intervals with randomization of case sequencing to evaluate their interobserver and intraobserver reliability for the Schatzker, CT-based three-column, and the new 10-segment classifications. The validity of the 10-segment classification was assessed by the agreement on the approach and implant position suggested by the observers.

Results

Good interobserver and intraobserver reliability was found as regards the Schatzker and CT-based three-column classifications on both intervals. Moderate and poor interobserver reliability “on both intervals respectively” and poor intraobserver reliability was found for the 10-segment classification. As regards the agreement on surgical approach on both time intervals, moderate and good interobserver agreements were found. For the implant position, poor interobserver agreement on both intervals was found. Intraobserver agreement for the surgical approach was good, while the intraobserver agreement for the implant position was moderate.

Conclusion

The Schatzker and CT-based three-column classifications are still more reliable than the newer 10-segment classification. This may be explained as it is still not familiar to surgeons and needs more training to be applied in clinical practice.
Arthroscopic assisted foveal repair of triangular fibrocartilage complex injuries associated with distal radioulnar joint instability
Authors: Kamaleldin Mahmoud M. , Shekedaf Saeed M.
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Foveal tears of tfcc are common causes of ulnar sided wrist pain. They are usually associted with druj instability. Reattachment using either arthroscopic or open techniques is considered the best treatment in acute settings. This is a retrospective study to evaluate clinical and functional results of arthroscopic assisted technique.

Patients and methods

20 patients were enrolled in the study. 13 males and 7 females. Mean age was 26 years.

Technique involved arthroscopic reattachment of the tfcc to its foveal foot print using direct foveal portal as described by Atzei et al.

Results

The mean follow-up period was 14 months ranging from 8 to 20 months No pain was recorded in 13 patients, mild pain in 4 patients, and moderate pain in 3 patients. The mean VAS score was 3.2. The mean Mayo score was 70%.

Conclusion

Arthroscopic assisted technique using direct foveal portal is a valuable technique with good reproducible results.
Superior versus anterior plating of midshaft clavicle fractures: 6 months follow up (union rates, risks, and complications: hardware irritation and need for removal)
Authors: El-Safty Ahmed M.H. , Mesbah Hesham , Hesham Begad , Refaat Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Background

Operative management of midshaft clavicle fractures is gaining popularity. The clavicle is a tubular bone with a flat lateral end. Open reduction and internal fixation could be achieved by the application of plates and screws either to the superior or anterior surface of the clavicle. However, there is no consensus in the literature to support one technique over the other. This study aims to compare the early functional and radiographic outcomes of anterior versus superior plating for the treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures.

Patients and methods

From March 2021 to November 2022, a prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted at our institute. We included all patients with isolated midshaft clavicle fractures. Thirty-six patients were randomized by the closed envelope technique, 18 were managed with superior plating (superior group), and the other 18 patients were managed using anterior plating (anterior group). All patients were followed up for 6 months. All patients were assessed clinically for union, range of motion, and functional scores. The secondary outcome measures included operative time, complications, hardware irritation, and the need for hardware removal or secondary procedure.

Results

The mean time to full union was 11.28 weeks in the anterior group and 11.72 weeks in the superior group. Mean constant shoulder score for the anterior group was 84.11 while for the superior group it was 82.67. No patients had skin and wound complications in the anterior group versus one patient in the superior group that got superficial infection successfully managed by repeated dressing and antibiotics. There was no statistically significant difference between superior and anterior plating regarding union, functional scores, return to ADLs, hardware problems, or complications.

Conclusion

Both superior and anterior plating of the clavicle fractures are safe treatment options for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures, and they lead to similar functional outcomes, functional scores, and complication rates. Moreover, the selection of the technique of plating depends on surgeon preferences.
Surgical management of combined osteoarthritis knee and proximal tibial stress fracture via long tibial stem total knee arthroplasty: assessment of medium-term results
Authors: El-Aidy Sherif , Abd El Wahab Ahmed Mohammed , Safwat Yamen
Published: September 2024

Background

The combined osteoarthritis knee and proximal tibial stress fracture is an uncommon condition that increases the complexity of the management for both. No common consensus among surgeons regarding management guidelines. We assessed the medium-term results (minimum 5 years) of using long tibial stem total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to restore limb alignment, achieve fracture union, and resurface the arthritic joint in a single procedure.

Methods

Total of 23 patients with combined osteoarthritis knee and proximal tibial stress fracture were enrolled in this study. Of those 23 patients, 18 were females and five were males. All patients were managed surgically by TKA (PCL sacrificing) with a long tibial stem (straight or with offset). Assessments of union and tibiofemoral alignment were carried out using radiographs. Clinically, patients were evaluated by assessment of knee range of motion, knee society score (KSS), and knee injury and OA outcome score.

Results

The average follow-up period was 6.5 ± 2.3 years (range from 5 to 9 years) all fractures united in 3–8 months (average 3.2 months), and mean range of motion improved from 89°±8° to 119°±6°, mean knee society score improved from 32 ± 8 to 87 ± 5, mean knee injury osteoarthritis outcome score improved from 27 ± 6 preoperatively to 79 ± 5 after a minimum of 5 years follow-up. no complications (instability, infection, or patella mal-tracking) were reported, although 1 case had a femoral intraoperative condyle fracture which was fixed by screws with no effect on the outcome.

Conclusion

The use of a long tibial stem TKA is an effective and reproducible single surgical procedure in the management of combined osteoarthritis knee and proximal tibial stress fracture. Satisfactory clinical scores and radiological outcomes were achieved and proper limb alignment was restored obviating the need for further fixation or grafting.
Scaphocapitate arthrodesis in late stages of Kienbock’s disease
Authors: Romeih Mohamed A.
Published: September 2024

Background

Kienbock’s disease is characterized by osteonecrosis of the carpal lunate. Kienbock’s disease treatment remains controversial.

Objective

To evaluate the short-term clinical and radiologic outcomes of scaphocapitate arthrodesis (SCA) in treating symptomatic late-stage Kienbock’s disease.

Methods

According to Lichtman’s classification, this prospective study included 21 patients with Kienbock’s disease stage III. All patients underwent SCA under general anesthesia. Patients were followed up at 1 and 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months postoperative.

Results

At the end of follow-up, 33.3% of patients achieved excellent outcomes, 47.6% achieved good outcomes, and 19.0% achieved poor outcomes. Patients with excellent and good outcomes are younger than patients with poor outcomes (38.9 ± 11.0, 42.2 ± 10.1, and 54.5 ± 3.3 years, respectively). Patients in the excellent and good groups had significantly lower disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score (21.7 ± 14.8, 23.5 ± 16.8, and 47.3 ± 7.4, respectively, P=0.028), significantly higher extension/flexion arc (72.1 ± 17.2, 70.3 ± 22.0, and 38.5 ± 5.1, respectively, P=0.019) and a significantly shorter time to complete union (8.4 ± 1.4, 10.7 ± 1.3, and 14.8 ± 1.9, respectively, P=0.001).

Conclusions

SCA for late-stage Kienbock’s disease (stage III) was associated with significant improvements in carpal height length and grip strength postoperatively. Age, disease stage, disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score, extension/flexion arc, and time to full union are critical factors in determining the prognosis of Kienböck’s disease.
Unmasking of Autoimmune Hepatitis due to Acute Febrile Illness
Authors: Sumathi B. , Manimaran M. , Shanmugam Chitra , Rajendran Sathya , Balamurali R. , Chinnadurai Krishna Kumar
Published: September 2024

Acute liver injury is a common clinical scenario faced by clinicians. The most common infectious agents that cause hepatic injury are the hepatotropic viruses (hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E); however, it is important to recognize other infectious agents that can cause hepatic injury, such as tropical infections like dengue, malaria, enteric fever, and leptospirosis. Another etiology of acute liver injury is autoimmune hepatitis. Infections have been associated with AIH and can serve as a trigger for autoimmunity, thus leading to a gray zone in diagnosis. We report a case of acute liver injury with a diagnostic crossroads between leptospirosis and autoimmunity.
Higher Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C Infections among Indian Patients with Von Willebrand Disease
Authors: Amruthavarshini N. , Sindhuvi Eunice , Kumar Santhosh E. , Abraham Aby , Mammen Shoba , Daniel Dolly , Nair Sukesh C. , Kodiatte Thomas Alex , Zachariah Uday George , Goel Ashish , Eapen C. E.
Published: September 2024

Background:

The use of recombinant coagulation factors has reduced the incidence of hepatitis B and C infections in hemophilia patients. As recombinant von Willebrand factor is not easily available, patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) may be at higher risk for acquiring hepatitis B and C infections. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections in the Indian population is ~0.95% and ~0.3%, respectively.

Aims:

This single tertiary center study aimed to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections and the profile of liver disease caused by these viruses among patients with VWD.

Methodology:

We retrospectively enrolled VWD patients treated in our center from January 2012 to December 2022 and analyzed the prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection and stage of liver disease.

Results:

Among 189 patients with VWD during the study period, 5 of 61 (8.1%) VWD patients screened were hepatitis B surface antigen positive (age: 34 [24–42] years; median (range); plasma VWF antigen: 10.1, [0–40] IU/dL). One patient had cholangiohepatoma at presentation, whereas none had chronic liver disease. Four of five patients received multiple bloodproduct transfusions before coming to our institution, with 10 (7–18) years interval between 1st transfusion and to detection of hepatitis B infection. Four of the 47 VWD patients (8.5%) screened were positive for hepatitis C virus antibody (48 [43–59] years, plasma VWF antigen: 20 [0–21.5] IU/dL). One patient had chronic liver disease. All four patients received multiple blood product transfusions before coming to our institution, with 15.5 (2–39) years interval between 1st transfusion and to the detection of hepatitis C infection.

Conclusions:

The prevalence of hepatitis B infection (8.1%) and hepatitis C infection (8.5%) was 8-fold and 28-fold higher, respectively, in VWD patients than the general population in India. VWD patients remain at high risk for acquiring transfusion-transmitted viral infections and appropriate interventions are needed to address this.
Effect of Bisoctrizole on Ultraviolet (UV) Absorption Properties of Silicone and Effect on Surface Roughness - An In Vitro Study
Authors: Ahmed Widyan Abbas , Khalaf Bayan Saleem
Published: September 2024

Background:

Premature degradation is the problem of maxillofacial silicones, significantly affected by ultraviolet exposure, contributing to silicones photodegradation. Degradation necessitates frequent replacement of prostheses that increase the total cost of rehabilitation.

Aims:

This study evaluated the effect of bisoctrizole on the ultraviolet absorption properties of silicone material and the stability of this absorption over time. Also, the bisoctrizole effect on the surface roughness of silicone was evaluated.

Methods:

There were 60 prepared specimens of room temperature-vulcanising maxillofacial silicone equally divided into two groups according to the conducted tests: ultraviolet absorption test and the surface roughness test. Each group was further subdivided into groups of 10 specimens based on the weight concentration of the ultraviolet (UV) absorber added: 0%, 1% and 2%. The UV absorbance of coloured specimens was measured before and after artificial weathering for 100 and 200 hours. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied for UV absorption results, and one-way ANOVA was applied for the roughness test results to test the changing significances.

Result:

Bisoctrizole incorporation led to a highly significant improvement in ultraviolet absorption in all groups, maintaining a high level even after subjecting the specimens to artificial weathering. Furthermore, the addition resulted in a significant increase in surface roughness as the concentration of bisoctrizole increased.

Conclusion:

Despite the surface roughness changes, bisoctrizole demonstrated efficacy as a UV absorber for maxillofacial silicone, making it valuable for applications such as maxillofacial prosthetics that require UV protection.
The Effect of Gold Nanoparticle-Coated Dental Implants on Osseointegration – A Systematic Review
Authors: Faiz Nadhirah , Venugopal Suresh , Sivasamy Vinay
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Dental implants are used in dentistry to replace teeth, restore function and improve the quality of life for patients. Osseointegration is critical for the success of dental implants. Implant surface modification can enhance osseointegration. Gold nanoparticles have emerged as a promising coating material for dental implants owing to their unique physicochemical properties. We aimed to review published literature to assess the effect of gold nanoparticle coating in increasing osseointegration of dental implants.

Data Collection:

A database search yielded a total of 14 articles between January 2011 till December 2021, of which nine articles were excluded and five studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies reported improved osseointegration outcomes with gold nanoparticle coating compared to uncoated controls.

Results:

The most reported osseointegration outcomes were bone–implant contact, removal torque (RTQ) and histological analysis of bone formation around the implant. Mean RTQ values for coated implants ranged from 6.7 to 52.8 Ncm, compared to 3.7–40.8 Ncm for uncoated controls. The histological analysis showed greater bone formation and density around the coated implants compared to uncoated implants. Gold nanoparticle coating appears to have a positive effect on osseointegration. The results of included studies suggest that gold nanoparticle-coated implants promote greater bone–implant contact (BIC), RTQ and bone formation around the coated implant than the uncoated implant.

Conclusion:

With increasing usage of dental implants, the most prevailing concern among clinicians remains to be peri-implantitis. Peri-implantitis is observed despite the biocompatibility and osseointegration properties of titanium. Surface coatings with antimicrobial effectiveness can help in preventing the onset of peri-implantitis and bone loss, while increasing BIC.
Effect of Andrographis paniculata Herbal Extract on Cytotoxicity, Proliferation and Osteogenic/Odontogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Naik Savitha B. , Kumar N Kiran , Swathisha P Annie , Brigit Biji , Preetham H.S , Karumaran Chella S.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Research has been conducted to assess the regenerative potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) following pretreatment of stem cells with certain molecules, bioactive compounds, plant extract and physical stimulation. Andrographis paniculata (AP) herbal extract with important medicinal properties is proven to have a preosteogenic effect on osteoblasts.

Aim:

This study aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations of AP extract on the cytotoxicity and osteogenic and odontogenic potential of DPSCs.

Methods and Material:

Dental pulp stem cells were subjected to treatment with various concentrations of AP herbal extract (7 ug/ml, 5.2 ug/ml, 3.5 ug/ml, 1.7 ug/ml and 0.8 ug/ml), following which the cells were subjected to tests-3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) analysis for cytotoxicity and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for expression of genes (bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), osteocalcin (OCN), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)).

Results:

AP extract at concentration of 0.8 ug/ml–5.2 ug/ml had no cytotoxicity supporting cell growth. 3.5 ug/ml showed significant upregulation of genes on the third day.

Conclusion:

AP, a commonly occurring medicinal plant through its effect on DPSCs, could serve as an effective pretreatment modality for cell-based regenerative therapy and vital pulp therapy.
Effect of Densah Burs on Primary and Secondary Stability of Immediately Loaded Implants in Addition to Crestal Bone Loss and Gingival Probing Depth - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Rathi Shraddha , Gupta N D , Hashmi Sarwar , Abirami S , Yusufi Faiz Noor Khan
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Osseodensification (OD) compaction increases primary stability by leaving the residual bone particles in the osteotomy site, which in turn act as an autograft.[1] Condensing the bone trabeculae through OD has demonstrated to have a potentiating influence on secondary stability.[2]

Materials and Methods:

A split-mouth study was conducted in 40 patients to determine the effect of OD on implant success rate in terms of primary and secondary stability in situations including immediate loading of implants placed in low-density bone, which was tested using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) at the interval of 0, 6th month. In order to assess the implant success rate, gingival probing depth and crestal bone loss (CBL) around the implant were also assessed at baseline and 6 months.

Results:

With respect to primary stability, at baseline, the mean RFA of Densah burs is 71.6 ± 9.5 and of conventional drills is 67.6 ± 10.4. The mean stability of Densah burs is significantly higher than conventional drills, both at baseline and after 6 months as well. CBL, at baseline, the mean CBL of Densah burs is 0.58 ± 0.11 and of conventional drills is 0.64 ± 0.12. The mean CBL of Densah burs is significantly lower than that of conventional drills for both.

Conclusion:

The implant stability values found in the present study were remarkable when compared between OD and conventional osteotomy techniques. Decreased loss of bone at the crest probing depth also aided in the increased success rate.
Microleakage of Class II Posterior Composite Restorations with and Without use of Liners - A Comparative Study
Authors: Shekh Tariq Mohammad , Kumar Pravin , Kumar Yogender , Pathak Karishma , Punia Sandhaya Kapoor , Patnana Arun K.
Published: September 2024

Aim:

This study aims to compare the effect of liner on microleakage in Class II restorations at the occlusal and gingival levels when restored with a nanocomposite.

Methodology:

A total of 60 mandibular molars were selected and divided into three groups. Cavities in Group A were restored with posterior nanocomposite without liner, samples of Group B were restored with posterior nanocomposite with flowable composite liner and in Group C samples were restored with posterior nanocomposite with resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) liner. Samples were stored at 37°C in 100% humidity for 14 days. Samples were subsequently immersed in 0.5% methylene blue dye and then placed under water for 15 mins. Teeth were sectioned mesiodistally with a diamond disc and examined under a stereomicroscope.

Results:

All the cavities exhibited dye penetration along the occlusal and gingival margins of the restored cavities. Group A showed maximum leakage compared to Groups B and C, which was statistically significant (P = 0.001 and P < 0.0001). No significant difference in microleakage was observed between Groups B and C. Microleakage was more in gingival margins as compared to occlusal margins in all the groups.

Conclusion:

Based on the results of the present study, it may be concluded that the placement of liner beneath nanocomposite restoration results in a significant reduction in microleakage.
Structural and functional alterations in hematological parameters among individuals at clinically high risk for acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Afzal Mohd , Sharma Abhishek , Sah Ashok Kumar , Chahal Aksh
Published: September 2024

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a diverse category of hematological malignancies defined by the clonal proliferation of immature lymphoid cells. While advances in diagnostic procedures and treatment modalities have improved results for many patients, a group of them exhibit clinical characteristics that indicate a high risk of disease progression and unfavorable consequences. Understanding the underlying molecular processes and developing accurate prognostic indicators in this high-risk group is critical for personalized treatment approaches and better patient outcomes. Hematological markers, immunophenotyping profiles, and chromosomal defects in people who were clinically high risk (CHR) for ALL are discussed in this review. Alterations in hematological markers, such as elevated white blood cell counts, decreased hemoglobin levels, and thrombocytopenia, are indicative of the aggressive nature of high-risk ALL. Immunophenotyping investigations revealed abnormal expression patterns of lineage-specific markers, indicating clonal proliferation and differentiation arrest. Furthermore, cytogenetic examination revealed frequent chromosomal defects, such as the Philadelphia chromosome and hyperdiploidy, which have been linked to a poor prognosis in ALL patients. The combination of hematological, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic data gives a thorough knowledge of disease biology and assists in risk assessment for patients with CHR for ALL. The present review elucidates the intricate interaction of hematological, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic abnormalities in persons at clinically high risk for ALL, emphasizing the importance of integrated diagnostic techniques to enhance patient outcomes and optimize treatment strategies.
Unilateral Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy with H1N1 Pneumonia – An Uncommon Presentation
Authors: Ranga Sushmita , Kumar Rahul , Batra Tanvi , Kakar Atul
Published: September 2024

H1N1 pneumonia-associated vocal cord palsy is a rare condition. This case report highlights about a 70-year-old male, with multiple comorbidities, who presented with cough and shortness of breath. During hospitalization, he developed hoarseness of voice. On laryngoscopy, the right vocal cord was paralyzed. He was diagnosed with H1N1-associated right recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis. He received steroid therapy for the same and responded well. His voice completely recovered after 2 months. Viral infections are less common but important causes of recurrent nerve palsy. Other than influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Epstein–Barr Virus, cytomegalovirus, and varicella-zoster virus can also affect RLN. A detailed history, general examination, and appropriate investigations are important to exclude other possible etiological factors. Unilateral RLN palsy associated with viral infections is usually reversible and responds well to steroids as well as speech therapy.
Transcatheter Occlusion of the Vertical Vein in a Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Lei Yin-Shiang , Cheng Cheng-Chung , Tsai Chien-Sung , Lin Chih-Yuan
Published: September 2024

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is a relatively rare congenital heart anomaly characterized by abnormal drainage of one or more pulmonary veins into a location other than the left atrium. In this case report, we present a 70-year-old male diagnosed with PAPVC with a vertical vein connected between the left upper pulmonary vein and the innominate vein. The transcatheter occlusion of the vertical vein was successfully achieved using a vascular plug. The report underscores transcatheter occlusion as a minimally invasive and effective alternative to surgical correction for PAPVC; it may provide advantages such as a shorter hospital stay, faster recovery time, and reduced complications.
Traumatic Spigelian Hernia Due to Blunt Trauma in Elderly with Delayed Presentation – An Unusual Case Report
Authors: Kavitha Agrawal , Kundal Ajay , Saxena Puja , Gill Ravneet Kaur
Published: September 2024

Traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) is an unexpected clinical diagnosis. Amongst them, traumatic Spigelian hernia is the rarest form where contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen is the imaging of choice. Treatment options include exploratory open or minimally invasive surgery with or without the use of prosthetic mesh. Non-operative treatment can be an option in selected patients. Almost all the cases reported in the past show preponderance of TAWH in young male patients with immediate manifestation requiring emergency laparotomy. We present our experience of successfully managing a 65-year-old woman who had delayed presentation after blunt trauma abdomen who was diagnosed with Spigelian hernia on CECT abdomen and underwent an elective mesh hernioplasty. The patient was followed up till 3 months post-operatively with an uneventful course. Traumatic Spigelian hernia is an unexpected clinical condition and is mostly missed during the initial presentation. It should be suspected in cases having abdominal protrusion following blunt trauma. Treatment is tailored according to the patient’s mode of injury, presentation and associated comorbidities. Presentation in elderly females with delayed symptoms days after the trauma is unreported yet.
The association between postdiagnosis smoking cessation and survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients in Southern Taiwan: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shen Chi-Hsiang , Yang Li-Yu
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

Smoking is a major lung cancer risk factor. Studies show that smoking after lung cancer diagnosis is associated with an increased risk of developing other cancers and shorter survival. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between postdiagnosis smoking cessation and survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Data were collected between January 2014 and December 2019 in three hospitals in Southern Taiwan. Patient data were collected from the hospitals’ databases, and the correlation between smoking status and patient survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling.

Results:

A total of 681 patients with advanced NSCLC were included in this study. The numbers (percentage) of ex-smokers and current smokers were 334 (49%) and 347 (51%), respectively. More than half of the patients in this study continued to smoke postdiagnosis advanced NSCLC. Furthermore, ex-smokers had lower mortality risk, even though this was not statistically significant (P = 0.212). The results of this study suggest that older than 65 years, men, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score of 3 and higher, history of chronic disease, receive chemotherapy, and targeted therapy are correlated with and have predictive effects on advanced NSCLC survival.

Conclusion:

There is no significant difference between postdiagnosis smoking cessation and survival in patients with advanced NSCLC. The reason for this finding may be due to lower survival rates after diagnosis with advanced NSCLC, and the benefits of smoking cessation cannot be seen immediately.
САМОСТІЙНА РОБОТА НАД ХУДОЖНІМ ОБРАЗОМ У ПРОЦЕСІ ВИВЧЕННЯ МУЗИЧНОГО ТВОРУ
Authors: Дорош Тетяна
Published: September 2024

The article reveals the problems of independent work of future teachers of professional disciplines on the works of Ukrainian composers for different classes. These plays form the basis of musical material for independent work on an artistic image. Three stages of independent work on a musical work are presented. The first stage is getting to know the piece of music. At this stage, it is advisable to provide a brief description on the composer, understand the applied means of musical expressiveness, and emphasize the characteristic features of the artistic image. The second stage is a detailed study of the sheet music. The main tasks of this stage are to determine the technical difficulties and general structure of the play, to be able to provide tempo characteristics, to reveal the means of musical expressiveness. The third, final stage checks the performer’s readiness for a stage performance. The article examines musical works of the pedagogical repertoire for junior, middle and senior classes of specialized art education institutions. The characters presented in the musical works are close and understandable for the performers.
Valores y espiritualidad renacentistas en la escuela de Guarino de Verona
Authors: Lombana Alfonso
Published: September 2024

El artículo examina el humanismo del siglo XV, con un enfoque particular en la influencia de los valores cristianos. La investigación se centra en la escuela de Guarino de Verona, en Ferrara, que desempeñó un papel crucial en la formación de destacados humanistas. Se analiza la visión pedagógica de Guarino, sus prioridades educativas y, especialmente, el impacto de sus enseñanzas en tres de sus alumnos destacados: Battista Guarino, Ludovico Carbone y Jano Panonio. Se toma la elegía 30 de este último como ejemplo, explorando sus reflexiones sobre el alma. En última instancia, el artículo concluye que la escuela de Guarino de Verona fue un centro fundamental para la promoción de valores durante el Renacimiento, subrayando la importancia de comprender más a fondo este legado.
MANUAL PARA EL REGISTRO, DEPÓSITO Y LA PUBLICACIÓN DE LOS ESTATUTOS DE LAS ASOCIACIONES EMPRESARIALES
Authors: RUBIO DE MEDINA MARÍA DOLORES
Published: September 2024

Con la finalidad de servir como manual de ayuda a los funcionarios encargados de los registros públicos, este trabajo tiene como objetivo reunificar la escasa doctrina y jurisprudencia existente para intentar ofrecer soluciones para los distintos conflictos a los que, a diario, se enfrenta el personal de la Administración pública andaluza.
EL PROCESO DE RENOVACIÓN DEL ESTATUTO DE AUTONOMÍA PARA ANDALUCÍA
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ RAMOS SEVERIANO
Published: September 2024

El presente trabajo no es un texto histórico, sino jurídico, y su objeto no es más que dar cuentas del proceso de elaboración del Estatuto. Dicha finalidad no responde a un estudio exhaustivo de todas y cada una de las instituciones del nuevo Estatuto 2007, sino más bien a una visión global de proceso de gestación y definición de las instituciones del Estatuto, sirviendo de apoyo a futuros estudios relacionados.
China’s International Climate-Related Finance Provision and Mobilization for South-South Cooperation
Authors: Liu Shuang , Wang Yan , Ma Ziyi , Zou Chris Qihan , Zhou Lihuan
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses the climate finance mobilized by China to support developing countries' climate actions. It examines China’s climate finance through various channels: bilateral public finance, multilateral public finance, export credits, and mobilized private finance, to estimate how much finance was provided and mobilized from 2013 to 2022.
Morpho-agronomic characterization of native maize populations (Zea mays L.), province of Manabí, Ecuador
Authors: Murillo Wilson , Sánchez Fernando , Zambrano Eddie , Pérez-Almeida Iris , Ruilova Favio
Published: September 2024

Ecuador is a country with a wide genetic diversity of maize and there are populations of native maize conserved by farmers that have not yet been characterized. These genetic resources could be conserved and used in plant breeding programs. The objective of this research was to characterize the morpho-agronomic diversity of 38 populations of native maize from the province of Manabí, Ecuador, using 19 quantitative and 11 qualitative morpho-agronomic descriptors. During the dry season of 2022 (July - December) at the Portoviejo Experimental Station of the National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIAP), plots of 8 m2 were established for each population of native maize, with 0.3 m between plants and 0.8 m between furrows and each furrow was 5 m long. Cluster analysis showed the formation of four groups, where the populations of hard kernels with large ears and soft kernels with short ears were separated into different groups. The quantitative variables ear height, panicle length, percentage of lodging, number of kernels per row and biomass of the inflorescence rachis recorded "D" indices of 0.75, showing themselves as discriminant variables in the formation of the groups, while the most discriminating qualitative variables were kernel type (χ2 = 49.09***, P= 0.742, V= 0.64), kernel color (χ2= 51.955***, P= 0.75, V=0.64), row arrangement (χ2= 18.11*, P=0.56, V=0.39), and kernel surface shape (χ2 = 20.52*, P=0.58, V=0.41). The native maize races identified were Candela, Cubano, Tuxpeño, Tusilla, and Uchima, observing significant genetic diversity in the populations studied. It was concluded that the characterized native maize populations were a valuable genetic resource for the conservation and use of this cereal. Keywords: genotypes, landraces, genetic variability, conservation of genetic resources.
Evaluation of operational reliability in an electrical distribution feeder
Authors: Taday Alvarez Cesar Augusto , Mullo Pallo Mauricio Eduardo , Castro Yanez Mauro Stalin , Mejia Banda Carlos Daniel
Published: September 2024

This work analyzes the options for repowering, reconfiguration, and automatic load transfer that a feeder can have. The study was carried out from the head of a distribution substation using the CYMDIST application, through which the failure rate, repair time, and availability and unavailability indices were determined. Using the "Reliability Analysis" module of the CYMDIST software, consumer-oriented reliability indices are obtained, allowing a reconfiguration and the optimal path to be identified in a reasonable analysis time. The main results show that the repair time should be shorter than the maneuvering time for reconnection. It was also possible to define the conditions for ensuring proper operation before and after the fault, the location of the automatic reconnection equipment, and the communication system used.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL BUSINESS MODELS IN INTERGENERATIONAL BUSINESSES
Authors: Pavlov Daniel , Todorova Ana
Published: September 2024

In today‘s hyper-­digitalised world, continuity and collaboration between digital and traditional business models becomes a necessary and even mandatory condition for achieving competitiveness and success. This key emphasis also applies to intergenerational business initiatives, which have the potential to bring together the knowledge, experience and creativity of different generations in a win-win way for all stakeholders. The main objective of the present research is to analyse the benefits of integrating digital business models in the context of intergenerational entrepreneurial initiatives. In order to achieve the goal formulated in this way, fundamental definitions and characteristics of the concept of „digital business model“ have been derived, supported by the existing theoretical knowledge and practical experience of the authors of the report. In addition, basic types of business models developed primarily in a digital environment have been identified, and current examples from the field of digital entrepreneurship have been synthesised. The scope of the research includes the results of a survey conducted in 2023 at the University of Ruse „Angel Kanchev“ (Bulgaria), covering 581 students. This aspect of the study aims to illuminate students‘ readiness to engage in intergenerational entrepreneurial initiatives. The discussion is enriched with reduced potential opportunities for the capacity of digital business models to improve the performance of individual family business ventures innovatively. In this way, by combining traditional with digital, it is possible to construct a solid and integrated intergenerational entrepreneurial chain capable of preserving and building on existing values and experiences in a positive way.