bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of Cloud in Mobile Forensics
Authors:   Digital Forensics and Cyber Security Graduate Programme Department of Information Systems & Innovations Ghana Institute of Management & Public Administration Greenhill, Accra, Ghana E-mail: storph@hotmail.com, Stuff Michael  Acquah
Published: July 2022

With emerging technology and the connection of electronic devices to the internet, Internet of Things (IoT) has become part of human life. From the development of smartphones to smartwatches and smart-homes, electronic devices now have the capability of performing human activities or aiding humans in performing activities such as turning hall lights on or off with their voice. Although a large number of people use these devices for the greater good, a few individuals or group of people hide behind these devices to perform malicious activities. In order to apprehend and prosecute perpetuators who hide behind smart devices for evil gains, forensic examinations or investigations must be conducted. This review aims to identify digital forensic challenges in IoT. The inclusion criteria for this paper were international journals, articles, conference papers and case studies published from 2019 to 2022. Thematic analysis was used to analyze and synthesis the literature. Three themes emerged from the analysis; automated compromised smart-home tracer; data volatility and reconstruction; IoT forensic investigation framework. This integrative review combines evidence of digital forensic challenges in diverse IoT devices. Keyword IoT forensics, IoT challenges, Digital forensics, Smart-home forensics.
Image-assisted Biometric Identification
Authors:   Digital Forensics and Cyber Security Graduate Programme Department of Information Systems & Innovations Ghana Institute of Management & Public Administration Greenhill, Accra, Ghana E-mail: rasheed.ayanaba@st.gimpa.edu.gh, Ayanaba Rasheed Abubakar
Published: July 2022

Biometrics is a rapidly developing technology that has seen widespread use in forensics applications such as criminal identification, secure access, and prison security. A biometric system is a pattern recognition system that recognizes a person by determining the authenticity of a physiological and/or behavioural feature that that person possesses. One of the most widely accepted biometrics utilized by humans in their visual interactions is image- assisted based (facial) biometric. Image-assisted biometric identification is the use of face recognition technology in capturing image of a unique feature of an individual such as an eye or face, and comparing it with a template captured earlier and stored a database. Face recognition is one of the more recent biometrics technologies. The system examines face features and tries to match them to a database of digitized images. This technology is quite new, having only been available commercially since the 1990s. Face recognition has gotten a lot of press after the 9/11 attacks because of its capacity to identify known terrorists and criminals. [1]. Although the technology is mostly utilized for security and law enforcement, there is growing interest in other applications. Keyword: Image-assisted based biometric identification, Face recognition technology, Image
Collecting Digital Data with the Assurance of Integrity.
Authors:   Digital Forensics and Cyber Security Graduate Programme Department of Information Systems & Innovations Ghana Institute of Management & Public Administration Greenhill, Accra, Ghana E-mail: gilbert.sam@st.gimpa.edu.gh, Sam Gilbert
Published: July 2022

It is very common today that systems collect and store sensitive information. The database administrators of these types of systems have access to this sensitive information and can manipulate it. Therefore, data integrity is of core importance in these systems, and methods to detect fraudulent behavior need to be implemented. The objective of this article is to evaluate the features and performance impact of different methods for achieving and implementing data integrity in a database during data collection to improve assurance. Five methods for achieving data integrity were tested. The methods were tested in a controlled environment. This paper evaluates traditional Digital signature, Linked timestamping applied to a Merkle hash tree, and Auditing performance impact and feature impact wise. Two more methods were implemented and tested in a controlled environment, Merkle hash tree and Digital watermarking. In the evaluation, the researcher proved that traditional Digital signature is faster than Linked timestamping. In this study, it was concluded that when choosing a data integrity method to implement, it is of great importance to know which type of operation is more frequently used. The experiments show that the Digital signature method performed better than Linked timestamping and Auditing. Keyword: Data Collection, Integrity, Assurance, Security, Cyber space, cybercrimes,
Forensic Analysis of Electronic Mail Messages
Authors:   Digital Forensics and Cyber Security Graduate Programme Department of Information Systems & Innovations Ghana Institute of Management & Public Administration Greenhill, Accra, Ghana E-mail: kwameugn@gmail.com, Akoto Eugeme Marfo
Published: July 2022

E-mail has revolutionized business, academic, and personal communication. The advantages of e-mail include speedy delivery, ease of communication, cost effectiveness, geographical independence, and the portability of mailboxes. The last two are the biggest advantages over snail mail. However, with e-mail comes the threat of a genuine user being compromised through key loggers, social engineering, shoulder surfing, password guessing and other similar, though less technical, methods. This passive espionage can have a direct impact on the genuine user in terms of denial of information, loss of money, loss of time, mental harassment and an attack of personal privacy. To enable digital forensic analysis of e-mails, we propose behavioral biometric based authentication, which is analogous to a signature in paper documents. Keyword: E-mail, forensics, threats, digital analysis, security cyber crimes
A Review of Attacker Attribution
Authors:   Digital Forensics & Cyber Security  Graduate Programme  Ghana Institute of Management & Public Administration Greenhill, Accra, Ghana E-mail: ferdinand_kpieleh@yahoo.com, Kpieleh Ferdinand
Published: July 2022

Rather than focusing on technical solutions, a more appropriate argument would be that, measures to stopping the most serious attacks, multistage multijurisdictional attacks, will necessitate not only technical but also legal/policy answers. There is currently a dearth of understanding of the social, cultural, economic, and political characteristics of the nation-states where cyber threat actors operate. The present focus of national security attribution efforts is on law enforcement concepts aimed at gathering evidence to punish an individual perpetrator. This is frequently determined via technological attribution methods. It is difficult to determine who engages in hostile cyber activity. This paper provides insights and directions on the foregoing Keywords: Attribution; Cyber Attribution; Attack Attribution, Cyber Threat Attribution.
Inhibitory activity of endophytic fungi against alpha-amylase isolated from raru (Cotylelobium melanoxylon)
Authors: Siregar Pebrianiafrahul I , Pujiyanto Sri , Lunggani Arina Tri
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Alpha-amylase inhibitors are chemicals that prevent amylase from degrading carbohydrates into monosaccharides. For instance, the Raru plant (Cotylelobium melanoxylon), which was widely used by the local people, particularly in Sumatra, was used to lower blood glucose levels. The goal of this study was to isolate an endophytic fungus from the Raru plant and test its alpha-amylase activity by optimizing treatment time, substrate concentration, and alpha-amylase inhibitor compound extraction. The activity of alpha-amylase was measured using spectrophotometry, and starch was used as the substrate. Four isolates of the endophytic fungus were isolated from Raru bark, including TR1, TR2, TR3, and TR4. Of these, the isolate TR3 had the highest alpha-amylase activity, reaching 88.71%. Alpha-amylase was optimally inhibited for 7 days with a percentage of 90.13%. At a substrate concentration of 2%, the inhibition of alpha-amylase was observed at 96.34%. While the highest extraction of alpha-amylase inhibitory compound was observed at 0.13 ppm with a percentage of 74.71% inhibition. Based on GC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry) analysis, compound 24, identified as1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester, isophthalic acid group, was produced by endophytic fungi, exerting alpha-amylase inhibitory activity. This research would provide a new source of chemical agents to combat diabetes.
Numerical optimization of the likelihood function based on Kalman filter in the GARCH models
Authors:   LaMSD, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed the First University, Oujda, Morocco, Benmoumen M.
Published: July 2022

In this work, we propose a new estimate algorithm for the parameters of a GARCH(p,q) model. This algorithm turns out to be very reliable in estimating the true parameter’s values of a given model. It combines maximum likelihood method, Kalman filter algorithm and the simulated annealing (SA) method, without any assumptions about initial values. Simulation results demonstrate that the algorithm is liable and promising.
Optimal fuzzy deep daily nutrients requirements representation: Application to optimal Morocco diet problem
Authors:   Engineering Science Laboratory (LSI), Faculty Polydisciplinary of Taza, USMBA, Morocco, El Moutaouakil K. , Saliha C. ,   MorphoSciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, CAU, Morocco, Hicham B. ,   Biosciences and Health laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, CAU, Morocco
Published: July 2022

Solving the optimal diet problem necessarily involves estimating the daily requirements in positive and negative nutrients. Most approaches proposed in the literature are based on standard nominal estimates, which may cause shortages in some nutrients and overdoses in others. The approach proposed in this paper consists in personalizing these needs based on an intelligent system. In the beginning, we present the needs derived from the recommendations of experts in the field of nutrition in trapezoidal numbers. Based on this model, we generate a vast database. The latter is used to educate a deep learning neural network, the architecture of which we optimize by the fuzzy genetic algorithm method in the way of adopting a customized regulation term. Our system estimates nutrient requirements based only on gender and age. These estimations are integrated into a mathematical model obtained in our previous work. Then we again use the fuzzy genetic algorithm to draw up personalized diets. The proposed system has demonstrated a very high capacity to predict the needs of different individuals and has allowed the drawing up of very high-quality diets.
The mathematical fractional modeling of TiO_2 nanopowder synthesis by sol–gel method at low temperature
Authors:   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences for Energy, National School of Applied Sciences El Jadida, Chouaib Doukkali University El Jadida, Sadek O. , Sadek L. ,   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences for Energy, National School of Applied Sciences El Jadida, Chouaib Doukkali University El Jadida, Touhtouh S. ,   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences for Energy, National School of Applied Sciences El Jadida, Chouaib Doukkali University El Jadida, Hajjaji A. ,   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences for Energy, National School of Applied Sciences El Jadida, Chouaib Doukkali University El Jadida
Published: July 2022

Titanium dioxide is a compound of oxygen and titanium with the formula TiO2 present in nature and manufactured on an industrial scale. It is used in several fields and applications such as cosmetics, paint, food, photocatalyst, electrodes in lithium batteries, dye solar cells (DSSC), biosensors, etc., given its importance and its various fields of application, there are several methods of synthesis of TiO2 such as the sol–gel method widely used to obtain nanoparticles. In our study, on the one hand we synthesized titanium dioxide nanopowders crystallized in the anatase phase at a crystal size of 49.25 nm with success using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as precursor by the sol–gel method. The powders obtained were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) with CuKα radiation (λ=0.15406 nm) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the wave number range 4000−400 cm−1, and on the other hand we present a mathematical model for the prediction of the TiO2 concentration as a function of time and the concentration of reactants by using the fractional order derivative more precise than the whole order derivative, we study the existence and the uniqueness of the solutions. In addition, we determine the points of equilibrium. Numerical simulations and their graphical representations are made to visualize the efficiency of this model.
Nonlinear method for determining external orientation elements of digital images obtained from drone
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Fys M. M. , Hlotov V. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Brydun A. M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Siejka Z. ,   Department of Land Surveying, University of Agriculture in Krakow
Published: July 2022

We have suggested the method of application of a direct solving of the systems of nonlinear equations for finding the elements of external orientation (EEO) to perform aerial photography by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The elements of external orientation functions search for the minimum of the function F , which is the sum of squares of coordinate differences on the image and is calculated by the measured coordinates on the ground, or the minimum of the function G, which is constructed using co-linearity and is the sum of squares of differences of the given coordinates Xi, Yi, Zi (i=1,2,…,n) on the ground and those which were calculated by the values xi, yi (i=1,2,…,n) measured on the image. In contrast to the classical approach, the choice of such a type of function is due to the possibility of implementing the algorithm using mathematical packages. Since some of the unknown coordinates Xi, Yi, Zi (the origin of the coordinate system is the center of projection) are included in the function G as arguments linearly, fulfillment of the conditions of the minimum of this function (equality of partial zero derivatives) in this case is simpler. This allows us to determine them through the angular elements of the EEO, which reduces the system of six equations to the system of three equations, being dependent on the angular elements. The function G is differentiated with respect to the variables dependent on the angular elements to obtain the three other equations. The obtained in this way system of equations is solved by the parameter variation method and gives us the solution of the required EEOs with a given accuracy. The proposed algorithm gives us a real opportunity to clarify the values of EEO, moreover, the linear EEOs are determined with maximum accuracy, that makes it possible to increase the accuracy of the spatial coordinates of the points of the terrain. The application of digital image processing from UAVs will significantly extend the range of implementation of aerial photography from UAVs to solve a variety of topographic, cadastral and engineering problems. The proposed technique was tested on the relevant materials of aerial photography from UAVs at control points, which made it possible to confirm the optimality of the technique.
3D model and numerical algorithm for gas filtration in porous media
Authors:   Research institute for development of digital technologies and artificial intelligence, Kurbonov N. M.
Published: July 2022

The article presents a three-dimensional mathematical model of the gas filtration process in porous media and a numerical algorithm for solving the initial-boundary value problem. The developed model is described using the nonlinear differential equation in partial derivatives with the appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The proposed mathematical apparatus makes it possible to carry out hydrodynamic calculations taking into account changes in the main factors affecting the process under consideration: permeability, porosity, and thickness of layers, gas recovery coefficient, viscosity, etc. Computer implementation of the model provides an opportunity to solve practical problems of analysis and forecasting of the gas production process under various conditions of impact on the productive reservoir, as well as making decisions on the development of existing and design of new gas fields.
Study on microstructure characterization of fracture frontier of post welds heat treatment and type IV cracking of P92 steel welded joint
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Kumar Pal Vinay , Pal Singh Lokendra ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture
Published: July 2022

In the research work presented in this study microstructure evolution at fracture frontier of crept P92 weld, creep rupture life and effect of creep exposure time on microstructure evolution in fine-grained heat affected zone were performed. Microstructure evolution and creep rupture behavior of metal arc welded joint of P92 steel plate in the as-welded have been studied. The different states of post weld heat treatment (PWHT). (i). post welded heat treatment at 760 o C for the 2h (ii). re-austenitizing at 1040 o C for 60 min and air cooled and tempering at 760 o C for 2h. In PWHT condition, most common type IV cracking was observed creep exposure 620 o C / 150 MPa. The martensitic matrix fracture is also observed in PWNT 1 condition. A move away from the fracture frontier, the cavities still remain in the microstructure while the martensitic matrix fracture is difficult to observe. The line mapping also confirmed the increase in weight percentage of Cr and Mo in M 23 C 6 . The elemental mapping of PWHT 2 condition is also carried out in FGHAZ which confirm the formation of Mo and Cr-rich M 23 C 6 precipitates.
Influence of the velocity of the medium layer on its dynamicparameters in the process of vibration separation
Authors:   Department of Equipment Design and Operation, Rebot Dariya , Babii Artom ,   Department of Equipment Design and Operation
Published: July 2022

A review of recent research in the field of vibration separation of bulk media has been done. It was found that the productivity of the separation process is influenced not only by the design characteristics of the vibrating separator, in particular the length, angle and capacity of the working housing, but also the dynamic processes that occur in bulk medium during separation. The efficiency of the separation process significantly depends on the mutual influence of the velocity of the bulk medium along the separator sieve and its amplitude-frequency characteristics. Based on the review, the relevance of further study of these parameters was established. Using the methods of nonlinear mechanics, a mathematical model of the motion of the layer of bulk medium on the sieve of the vibrating separator was built. The layer of bulk medium was modeled by an elastic beam, which is in contact elastically, rigidly, or as hinged. Graphical dependences of the influence of the frequency of external perturbation and the velocity of the bulk medium along the sieve of the separator on its oscillation amplitude were obtained. The obtained mathematical model and graphical dependences showed that small velocities of the medium layer lead to an increase in the amplitude of oscillations of the bulk medium and a decrease in its frequency of oscillations, which increases the permeability of medium particles and increases the productivity of the separation process. The obtained researches allow us to increase the efficiency of the separation process, to regulate the processes that take place in the bulk medium and to increase the speed of its passage through the sieve openings. The constructed mathematical model can serve as a basis for further studies of the influence of changes in the physical and mechanical characteristics of the bulk medium on its dynamic parameters in the process of vibration separation.
Approximate calculation of natural frequencies of oscillations of the plate with variable cross-section of the discrete-continuous inter-resonance vibrating table
Authors:   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Lviv Polytechnic National  University, Lanets Оleksii , Maistruk Pavlo ,   Department of Robotics and Integrated Mechanical Engineering Technologies, Maistruk Volodymyr ,   Department of Designing and Operation of Machines, Derevenko Iryna ,   Department of Strength of Materials and Structural Mechanics, Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. To ensure highly efficient inter-resonance modes of operation of vibrating equipment, the oscillating masses of the system must have certain inertia-rigid parameters, as well as a certain frequency of natural oscillations. The disadvantage of highly efficient inter-resonance oscillatory systems is that the third reactive mass must be small, and therefore the use of complex and large structures is impossible. Therefore, it is best to use the reactive mass as a continuous section. The continuous section, which is a flexible body, optimally combines inertial and rigid parameters. Scientific works have already considered the design of the vibrating table, in which the continuous section is an ordinary rectangular plate hinged in the intermediate mass. This decision looks quite promising. However, likely, the rectangular shape of the plate is not the best option to ensure maximum energy efficiency. Purpose. Extend the method of calculating the natural frequency of oscillations of the plates by the approximate Rayleigh-Ritz method using the general hyperboloid equation to plates with variable cross-section for the proposed types of plates and check the results with the calculation in Ansys software. Methodology. The calculations of the plates were performed using the basic principles of the theory of oscillations, in particular the Rayleigh-Ritz method in the software product MathCAD. Findings (results) and originality (novelty). Two types of elastic plates with variable cross-sections are considered. In the first case, the shape of the plate was given by quadratic functions, in the second case, it was described by trigonometric functions of cosine. In both cases, the same conditions of attachment in the intermediate mass were observed. The calculation of the first natural frequency of oscillations of the considered plates was performed using the approximate Rayleigh-Ritz method with the assumption that the deflection of the plates occurs on the surface of the hyperboloid. The reliability of the obtained results was verified by numerical calculation in the software product Ansys. Practical value. It is assumed that the proposed types of plates can increase the dynamic potential of the vibrating machine. Scopes of further investigations. For further study of the considered types of plates as a continuous section of the inter-resonance vibrating machine, it is necessary to calculate their deflections at forced oscillations.
Algorithm of machine creation using the mechanism of articulated disjunction
Authors:   Department of Automotive Engineering, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zinko Roman , Hlobchak Mykhailo ,   Department of Motor Vehicle Transport, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Beshley Andiy ,   Automobile and Road Vocational College of Lviv Polytechnic National University, Pitrenko Oleksiy ,   Department of Automobiles and Transport Infrastructure, National Aerospace University “Kharkiv Aviation  Institute”
Published: July 2022

Problem statement. Any methodology is based on knowledge about the problem. The fullness and orderliness of the base determine further volumes and possible options for implementing the methodology. Purpose. To analyze the existing ways of machine creations and propose the new effective algorithm of machine creation using the mechanism of articulated disjunction. Considering the research structure and improvement of the informational and program technologies, changes to the traditional methodology of machine creation are made. The existing paradigm: parametric and functional performance of the machine, the design of which is improved based on existing machines, is a modification of predecessors' parametric and functional performance. Proposed paradigm: parametric and functional performance of the new machine, improved based on the subject area of technical solutions, methods of design and operational conditions more precisely coincide with the technological process to realize what they are called. Proposed hypothesis: there are such methodologies of design that provide an opportunity to provide rational productivity within existing operational conditions. Methodology. Morphological space is used to form qualitative features of the created machine. The peculiarity of the proposed methodology is that the set of features of the created machine also contains subsets of processes and phenomena in which the machine is involved. This allows assessing the compliance of the process in which the machine is involved and the machine operation processes. Findings (results). The algorithm of machine creation using the mechanism of articulated disjunction is proposed. It allows the creation of the new construction at a given sequence of stages to improve at every step in a given direction based on the determined criteria. Originality (novelty). Method of articulated disjunction, which is based on the principle of formation of the set of necessary properties of the structural elements of the machine based on a given primary criterion of machine efficiency. The essence of the method of articulated disjunction is that the sample of elements that have common features and properties is reformulated based on a given criterion. The proposed method provides an opportunity to determine the advantages of one structure described by various factors, in comparison with others, based on the criterion set. Practical value. The algorithm of synthesis and improvement of existing machines allows for determining their main quality features in the initial stages of the design of machines.
Analysis of thermal comfort models of users of public urban and intercity transport
Authors:   Department of Electronic Device and Information Technology, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yakovenko Yevheniia , Voichyshyn Yurii ,   Department of Automotive Engineering, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Horbay Orest ,   Department of Automotive Engineering, Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: July 2022

Regardless of the vehicle's application, the thermal comfort of the vehicle's occupants and driver is given increased attention. Maintaining a sense of thermal comfort, whether for safety, health or occupant thermal well-being reasons, is one of the most important goals of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. There are a significant number of physical variables that affect thermal comfort. Therefore, evaluating thermal comfort has always been a complex issue and has attracted the attention of researchers. The feeling of thermal comfort is provided by factors that depend on the heat exchange between the human body and the external environment. It is well known that one of the requirements to be fulfilled is to find a person in thermal neutrality in the environment according to the comfort equation. The article describes and evaluates the following indicators: DTS (dynamic thermal sensitivity), TS (thermal sensitivity), PMV (predicted mean voice) and PPD (predicted percentage of dissatisfaction). The most common models for evaluating thermal comfort, namely the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), Taniguchi’s model, Zhang’s model and Nilsson’s model in a variety of car cabin conditions, have been reviewed. The limitations of these models in terms of the objectivity of the results obtained are analysed.
Management for a Rare Occurrence of Low Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma (LGESS): A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Rakesh Dr. Amrita , Singh Dr. Pritanjali , Shankar Dr. Abhishek , Ranjan Dr. Rakesh
Published: July 2022

According to the American Cancer Society 2017 facts and figures, an estimated 4910 cases of uterine sarcomas are anticipated. According to a population-based analysis from 1988-2003, the overall incidence of ESS among all the uterine malignancies is only 0.2-1%, making it a rather rarer subtype of uterine sarcomas. The median age was 52 years (range: 17-96 years). Surgical treatment was associated with better survival outcomes than other therapy, and especially followed by adjuvant therapy of hormone treatment should be offered, especially in recurrent cases of LGESS. Due to paucity of understanding on the management of this rarer subtype of uterine sarcoma, a case report with review of literature is done which suggests that after surgical debulking, starting patients of maintenance hormonal treatment is the best approach as per current scenario.
Effect of the Addition of α-Tocopherol and Quercetin as Antioxidants to the Diluent, in the Freezing of Boar Semen on Sperm Quality
Authors: Iglesias Reyes Adrian Emmanuel , Juárez Mosqueda María De Lourdes , Gutiérreez Pérez Oscar , Ortíz Muñiz Alda Rocío , Guevara González Jesús Alberto , Villa Mancera Abel E. , Gómez Vázquez Armando , Sánchez Aparicio Pedro , Bedolla Cedeño Carlos J. , Córdova Izquierdo Alejandro
Published: July 2022

During seminal freezing, sperm undergo oxidative stress, reducing their motility, viability, and acrosomal integrity. To prevent these damages, antioxidants have been added at the time of seminal freezing. The objective was to assess the antioxidant effect of the combination of α-tocopherol with quercetin, added to the diluent for the freezing of boar semen. The semen of boars of the Pietrain and York/Pietrain breeds was frozen in 0.5 ml straws, before freezing α-tocopherol in a concentration of 4 mg/ml (T1), quercetin in concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 µM (T2, T3 and T4), α-tocopherol + Quercetin in concentrations of 4 mg/ml + 25 µM, 4 mg/ml+50 µM and 4 mg/ml + 100 µM (T5, T6 and T7) and the control group (T8) without antioxidant. The straws were frozen in liquid nitrogen for 7 days and thawed at 42 °C for 12 seconds. 5 repetitions were performed analyzing motility, viability, and NAR. the results were analyzed using a completely randomized design in factorial arrangement comparing the means with a Tukey test. The best percentage of motility was for T5, T4 and T1 with 39.44, 38.06 and 37.33%, respectively, there was a significant difference with T8; the best percentage of viability were T5 with 51.41%, there was a significant difference with T3 and T8; and the best NAR percentages were for T8 with 94.90%, with a significant difference for T1. In conclusion, the addition of α-tocopherol and quercetin separately or in combination protects the motility, viability, and NAR of spermatozoa from frozen-thawed boar semen.
Enhancement of CSR Programs to Improve Value Creation for the Stakeholder: A Case Study of PT Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk
Authors: Dinanty Mandietha
Published: July 2022

PT Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk. (ADHI) is a company engaged in the construction sector in Indonesia with the main business core including construction and engineering services, property, manufacture, and investment & concession. Throughout 2020, ADHI received appreciation in the form of awards for its achievements. This investment activity is not only a form of developing opportunities from ADHI's CSR missions, but also as a participation in stakeholders’ priorities programs that focus on national strategic infrastructure development. To analyze and research this, both qualitative and quantitative research methodology is used in this research to gain information and identify alternatives for the best way of enhancement strategies. This research uses AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique for data simulation, with BCOR (Benefits-Costs-Opportunities-Risks) method of data and elements identification. The primary qualitative data gathered is from two stages of FGD (Focus Group Discussion) with secondary data, the first one is to define the parameters of criteria which will be filled in the simulation, the second one is to analyze the output from the result of simulation and decide the final suggestion for the business strategy recommendation. As a result of this research, regardless of the main solution of the consulting activity, the goal of ADHI's business strategy selection is to support the community with an efficient and productive CSR program with a technology-based support system. Therefore, the best alternative is a combination of alternatives 1 and 2 which are Local Micro and Small Enterprises Support and Accommodation and Local Tourism Businesses Exposure and Awareness to Public. This model can be valuable at least due to political, economic, social, environmental and legal factors in each region. This model requires the development of educated and experienced personnel, as this type of CSR program requires a deep understanding of everything from organizational management to labor law to equal employment opportunities.
Proposed Strategy for Family Business Internal Management Professionalization Effort (Case Study: CV. Segara Luas Lestari)
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Mansoor Alvanov Zpalanzani
Published: July 2022

The family business is the most commonly ownership business model in the world and contribute significantly to the global economy with estimation more than 70% of GDP. However, this type of business is vulnerable in terms of longevity and sustainability. It is reported that only about 30% of family businesses are succeeded by 2nd generation, and 10% to the 3rd generation caused by succession transfer, family members’ personal issues, and internal conflicts that triggered unprofessionalism in the family business.
This research aims to find a suitable strategy to shift management system of CV. SEGARA LUAS LESTARI, as a family business towards more professional management system. This is qualitative research that utilized unstructured-discrete interview and participant observation as well as literature studies. The data will be analyzed using PESTEL Analysis for external aspects, and 7s McKinsey Framework to acquire understanding in the company’s internal aspects that could inhibit the shifting of professionalization company’s management.
Effect of Labour Productivity on Overall Tea Productivity in case of Small Tea Growers: A Study of Golaghat District in Assam
Authors: Kakoty Anitabh , Kaurinta Ratan
Published: July 2022

The contribution of labour is vital in a labour-intensive production organization. The continuous growth of the farm is ensured by the labours participation. In recent years, the tea industry is facing an unexpected situation of labour supply which can be considered the problem due to changing dynamics. The emergence of small tea growers in place of an earlier form of large estates in the tea growing district of Assam seems to be prominent and a significant supplier of green leaves. It is observed that, it is over 23000 registered small tea growers under Tea Board of Indiathose who are by definition hasa plantation area of 10.12 ha or below and the question of labour productivity to the total tea productivity is of paramount importance. The study was conducted as descriptive by nature and a questionnaire was administered to extract the labour productivity in two ways such as man day plucking of labour and input –output ratio of labour to assess its contribution. Data collected was analysed to find out the correlation between labour productivity to the total productivity and whether the variances in between total productivity and labour productivity is similar. The study has concluded that although variations in the labour productivity and total productivity of tea are equal, they maintain a low correlation. In this regard, recommendations can be put forward like better skill formation of labour along with more stimulating benefits to them to boost motivation for ensuring growth and performance for small tea growers in Golaghat district of Assam.
The Viability Gap Funding (VGF) Scheme in Construction Assignment LRT Jabodebek Phase 2 Project Economic and Financial Analysis
Authors: Ery Satriadi , Isrochmani Murtaqi
Published: July 2022

The development of transportation infrastructure is very necessary for the process of developing connectivity between regions and an effort for regional equity in Indonesia. This necessity doesn’t align with Indonesia’s financial capacity to finance the infrastructure. This gap creates financing innovations between the Government of Indonesia and business entities, such as the Viability Gap Fund. This research used secondary data from PT. Adhi Karya (Persero) Tbk. A further financial calculation has implemented discounted cash flow method to analyse the financial feasibility of LRT Jabodebek Phase 2. Financial feasibility without the Government of Indonesia support is economically feasible but not financially feasible. Therefore, project financing support from the Government of Indonesia is required. The result of the analysis consisted of NPV of 2,255.9 billion rupiahs and IRR of 10.15% which is higher than the project’s WACC of 9.26%. Therefore, the project is financially feasible, although the IRR of the project might be less attractive for some private investors. In order to make this project more attractive to private investors, it is recommended to increase non-farebox revenue, and create concessions to build TOD (Transit Oriented Development).
Proposed Development Strategy for Green Diesel Product in Industrial Fuel Market
Authors: Mansyur Yusup , Aprianingsih Atik
Published: July 2022

PTM is one of Indonesia Energy Enterprise which is carried out integrated energy business by covering exploration & production, refinery, marketing & distribution, and new & renewable energy business based on strong commercial principles. Industrial Fuel Marketing (IFM) division is part of Company’s Commercial & Trading business, established to bring various of product into domestic industrial fuel market and marine sectors. Currently IFM as market leader which is hold the market more than 70% Share.
PTM is assigned by shareholder to develop Biorefinery with capacity 20,000 Barrel/Day in 2019. Biorefinery will produce Green Diesel from Crude Palm Oil (CPO) as main product with catalytic processing. Shareholder willing to implement the Biorefinery for alternative fuel sources to reduce dependence on petroleum-based fuels, as well as to reduce climate change and reduce fossil fuel import.
There are several issues regarding Biorefinery business in term of Green Diesel Market which are higher CPO price than crude oil price therefore the Green Diesel price will be higher than Petroleum Diesel. In accordance with those issues, it will need business strategic in Biorefinery implementation. In this case, Author will propose strategic marketing of Green Diesel to penetrate domestic Industrial Fuel Market. Unfortunately, In Industrial Fuel sector there is open competition among fuel suppliers which currently more than 230 suppliers.
The object of this research is developing business strategy for Green Diesel product in Industrial Fuel Market (IFM). To develop business strategy, the conceptual framework is necessary to have right alternatives strategies that are appropriate for the company. This research will carry out the external and internal analysis, for external analysis using Market Analysis, Porter Five Forces Analysis, Competitor Analysis and Consumer Analysis. Whereas the internal analysis will use 4P Marketing Mix, Existing Business Model Canvas and VRIO Framework. The first stage will be internal external factor evaluation, then the matching stage will use TOWS (Threats, Opportunities, Weakness, Strengths) Matrix to develop alternative strategies, in the end of the stage the final analysis will use QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) to evaluate the feasibility of each of these alternative strategies.
Based on QSPM there are top five strategies feasible to be implemented which is Development of target market priority on SOE and government institution, coopetition strategy, development of digital marketing, development of employee capabilities on Green Diesel Business and development of flexibility term of Payment (TOP).
Problems and Recommendations to Improve the Solid Waste Management Initiatives of the Local Government Unit of Tanauan, Leyte, Philippines
Authors: Ibañez Ernestine P. , Torrentira Jr. Moises C.
Published: July 2022

More than two decades since its implementation, the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (ESWMA) of 2000 or the RA 9003 remains to be the main framework for the solid waste management problem in the country. This study examined the main problem in solid waste management initiatives of the local government unit of Tanauan Leyte in relation to the implementation of Republic Act 9003. The findings of this study revealed that there is poor implementation of the said law in the municipality due to the lack of institutional arrangements and IEC efforts. A proactive approach to implementing the ESWMA is highly recommended.
Problem-Solving among Math Anxious Individuals: The Role of Advanced Strategy and Testing of Online Anxiety
Authors: Ashkenazi Sarit , Eisner Hagar
Published: July 2022

Math anxiety (MA) is negatively associated with math performance. To explore the role of online or stable MA in advanced strategy use, 52 college students solved verbal multiple-choice mathematical problems. MA was negatively related to advanced strategy use. Online anxiety and advanced strategy use were unique predictors of accuracy. Using mediation analysis, we discovered that advanced strategy uses partially mediated the relation between MA and math performance. The results show that the selection of a non-advanced strategy is one of the cognitive processes that explained the negative relation between MA and performance, and that MA has a strong contextual component.
School Belonging and Happiness Level of Students from Sport Faculty
Authors: Aktağ Işıl , Yalçın Özlem , Esen Ayla , Duman İlayda , Karaköse Ceyda , Okçu Anıl
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the school belonging and happiness levels of students from sports faculty according to the department, gender, and grade levels and to find the correlation between happiness and school belonging. Participants consisted of 285 students, 174 males, and 111 females, voluntarily from the teaching, coaching, and sports management departments of the faculty of sports. Data were collected using the Psychological Sense of Membership Scale (PSMS) to determine the school belonging, and the Oxford Happiness Scale (OHS) to measure happiness. The results of the analysis show no significant difference between male and female students in terms of their school belonging and happiness. However, a significant difference was found in the happiness and school belonging levels of students from different departments. In addition, the students of the sports management department have the highest sense of happiness and school belonging compared to the others.
Examining the use of 21st-Century Teaching Skills in Basic School Science Classrooms
Authors: Parker Joseph , Asare Isaac , Badu Charles , Ossei-Anto Theophilus A.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the study was to examine the use of 21st-century teaching skills in basic school science classrooms. The study adopted a qualitative research design. An observation checklist was employed to gather relevant data for the study. The study was carried out in Enchi, the Aowin Municipal Capital in the Western North Region, and Assin Foso, the Assin Central Municipal Capital in the Central Region of Ghana. The population used for the study was made up of eighteen science teachers selected from six public Junior High Schools in Enchi and eighteen science teachers selected from six public Junior High Schools in Assin Foso. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the six public Junior High Schools from Enchi and six public Junior High Schools from Assin Foso because the teachers from the public schools have acquired professional training. The thirty-six science teachers were conveniently selected. Concerning the data collected from the observations conducted, percentages and average values were computed for teachers who used 21st-century teaching skills in their science classroom and for those who did not use 21st-century teaching skills in their science classroom. It came out that an average of 30.20 % of the teachers used for the study did apply the 21st-century teaching skills in their science classroom whiles 69.80 % of the teachers did not use all the 21st-century teaching skills in their science classroom. Therefore, teachers who did not use all the 21st-century teaching skills should be encouraged to apply them to produce 21st-century learners.
Teachers’ Perspectives: Developing Undergraduate EFL Learners’ Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Abu Ayyash Adnan I.
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to explore EFL teachers’ perceptions of critical thinking (CT), its importance in EFL classes, and its teachability, which aims to develop undergraduate EFL learners’ skills. Not only does it present firsthand information about the teachers’ widespread understanding of CT, but it also analyzes the relevant instructional experience in depth. To provide an objective analysis of the EFL teachers’ conceptualization and visualization of CT skills in a home setting, a questionnaire has been distributed to a sample population of EFL teachers at Birzeit University in Palestine. This measuring tool provides a description of variables that affect implementing CT in class. The paper also tries to defend the need to equip teachers with an unambiguous thoughtful understanding of CT concepts and instructional strategies that develop learners’ ability to think critically. Based on the respondents’ answers, the paper concludes the discussion by confirming that critical-thinking-based instruction should be better practiced in EFL classes.