bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endirekt Merkeziyet Ölçüm Endeksleri ile Uluslararası Ticaret Ağında Güç Analizi
Authors: KARABULUT Ekin , ÇINAR Yetkin
Published: June 2022

Ağ yapılarında güç ya da merkeziyet analizi hakkındaki araştırmalar her geçen gün daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın da temel amacı, güncel verilerle ülkelerarası ticaret ağ yapısında farklı endeksler bazında merkezi gücü kendinde toplayan ülkelerin ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Ağ yapılarında güç ölçümü yapılabilmesi için doğrudan ilişkilerin etkisini hesaplayan merkezilik ölçütlerinin (Direkt Etki Hesaplama Yöntemleri) yanı sıra dolaylı ilişkileri de hesaba katan ve klasik merkezilik endeksleri tarafından göz önünde bulundurulmayan etkileşim yoğunluklarını hesaplamaya dahil eden merkezilik endeksleri (Endirekt Etki Hesaplama Yöntemleri) geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel problemi geliştirilen merkeziyet endekslerinin, özellikle de merkezilik ölçütleri literatüründeki en yeni ölçütler olan ve sınırlı uygulama literatürü bulunan Endirekt Etki Hesaplama Yöntemlerinin, uluslararası ticaret ağı üzerinde uygulanabilirliğinin araştırılması ve farklı ölçütlere göre elde edilen sonuçların karşılaştırılmasıdır.
Integrating Historic Mine Hazard Scoring for Comprehensive Assessment of Abandoned Mine Rehabilitation in the Philippines
Authors:   Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Philippine, Tanciongco Alexandria , Quierrez Rico Neil , Samaniego Jessie , Gibaga Cris Reven , Montano Mariel
Published: June 2022

Abandoned mines remain a social, environmental, and health-risk problem for the Philippines. These abandoned sites are generally characterized by water-filled pit lakes surrounded with disturbed and exposed soils and sediments containing elevated values of heavy metals and other environmental contaminants. Previous studies with abandoned mines in the Philippines have initiated the use of integrated methods for the assessment of existing abandoned mine site conditions as a tool for decision-making. To further provide a numerical basis for rehabilitation prioritization, this paper aimed to utilize the modified Historic Mine Site Scoring System (HMS-SS) for physical and environmental hazard assessment of the abandoned mercury mine located in Barangay Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines and to produce hazard classification maps based on the generated scores. Results identified the pit lake to be extremely hazardous physically, however, the liquid material (rainfall accumulation in the pit) yielded very low environmental hazard scores with only a few identified points that exceed the regulatory limit. Moreover, the two (2) identified mine tailings sites were found to be physically moderately hazardous but are categorized as extremely hazardous for the environmental aspect. The hazard scoring, coupled with the integrated environmental methods for characterization and development of hazard maps, is recommended as a scientific and quantitative basis for providing decisions in priority of actions to be taken with regards to abandoned mine sites.
Methods for Producing Hydrogen-Rich Syngas in MSW Gasification
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia, Faishal Afif , Suyitno  , Hisjam Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Although municipal solid waste (MSW) is a concern in many countries, it may be a highly appealing alternative feedstock for gasification to create sustainable gas fuels. The creation of hydrogen syngas from MSW gasification has received a lot of attention. The employment of a catalyst in the MSW gasification process is known to boost the gasification reactor's performance in producing hydrogen-rich syngas. Furthermore, the co-gasification approach is frequently utilized to increase syngas quality and gasification efficiency. This paper discusses many ways for gasifying MSW for the generation of hydrogen rich syngas. Catalytic gasification, co-gasification, and a modified gasification system are the gasification methods under consideration.
Improving Course Learning Outcomes Object-Oriented Programming through Blended Learning
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia, Maspaeni  , Muslim Suyitno , Ibrahim Nurdin
Published: June 2022

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is one of computer students' competencies to have. However, students in computers at the University of Technology Mataram have always had more than 50% of their students have grades below B in the last three years. Based on the analysis, literature review, and existing problems, research was carried out by developing a blended learning model by adopting a blended learning lab rotation to improve student learning outcomes in OOP courses. The learning model is supported by learning materials with facilities in the form of learning modules (equipped with practice questions, pre-tests, and post-tests), video tutorials, facilities for discussion and collaboration, and material in presentation slides. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) by implementing an existing model that combines two learning development models, namely the Borg & Gall Model and the Dick & Carey Model, whose overall steps are called the Step of System Approach Model of Educational Research and Development. The feasibility test was carried out through expert validity tests. The application of this blended lab-rotation-based learning model effectively improved student learning outcomes in OOP courses. This is shown through the product effectiveness test, where the average value of the post-test reached 80.40, with the number of students declared complete in achieving the minimum standard set at 85%. The increase in student learning outcomes in this OOP course is quite significant, reaching 50% of the pre-test average value, only 57.20, with the number of students declared complete by 35%.
A Decision Support System for the Building Permit Review Process
Authors:   the Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Bauhaus University Weimar, Thuringia, 99423 Weimar, Germany, Fauth Judith , Seiß Sebastian
Published: June 2022

Obtaining a building permit is an indispensable factor for a successful construction project. However, from a project management perspective, it is a non-transparent and subjective variable. There is a gap of assistance for the building application review in the building authorities. The approach aims to develop a decision support system for building permit review process from a project management's point of view. For this purpose, the requirements for a decision support system related to the building permit are identified. To convert the theoretical system into a practical solution, a web application is developed. The presented approach thus offers an alternative to automated rule checking. The decision support system makes the building permit process more objective and transparent.
Experience of 10 years in routine trans operative endoscopy and calibration in fundoplication due to gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Sahagun Cesar Manuel Vargas , Rodríguez Jorge Alejandro Ortiz De La Peña , Silver Enrique Jean , De Jesús Martín Vega , Ibarrola Antonio Giovanni Spaventa , Vela Cuauhtémoc Morfin , Zavala Tomás Benavides , Lopez Elsa Paulina Alonso
Published: June 2022

Background: Endoscopy and intraoperative calibration in fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), confirm an adequate technique avoiding postoperative failure. Intraoperative changes and morbidity in routine use are unknown.Methods: Retrospective study in a single center, data were taken primarily from electronic archive medical records. A total of 899 who underwent fundoplication surgery with endoscopy and/or routine intraoperative calibration due to GERD met the required criteria between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020. The primary objective was to identify the number of calibration and intraoperative endoscopy findings. Also, the morbidity associated with its routine use was analyzed.Results: Over a 10-year study period, the most frequent calibration in the Nissen Fundoplication was 60Fr in 472 cases (61.4 %). The most used calibration in Toupet Fundoplication was 60Fr in 26 cases (21.1%). Endoscopy was performed in 786 patients (71.38%), of which; 3 patients (0.3%) required changes, secondary to fundoplication rotation in 2 patients (0.2%) and redundant gastric fundus in 1 patient (0.1%).Conclusions: Routine intraoperative calibration and endoscopy achieved excellent results in 96.8% of fundoplication’s, ensuring adequate esophageal position and corroborating an adequate intraoperative technique; decreasing the rate of failures and immediate postoperative dysphagia.
Estimation of stature from head circumference measurements in students of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Patil R. A. , Kacahre R. V. , Pawar V. G. , Dode P. S.
Published: June 2022

Background: The present study was undertaken to reconstruct stature in males and females by using head circumference as a parameter.Methods: There was paucity of students during the period of study due to unavailability of students owing to COVID restrictions on physical attendance to classes. Hence, sample size had to be curtailed to 251 students. Hence, the study was carried out on 251 medical students, 136 males, and 115 females in the department of forensic medicine and toxicology, Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College (SRTRGMCH), Ambajogai, Maharashtra, India. Measurements of head circumference and height were made directly on each subject. The data collected was subjected to statistical methods. The measured heights from the data for males, and females were regressed against the measured head circumference variables using linear regression analysis.Results: Highly significant correlation was found between height and head circumference. The equation relating stature to the head circumference was derived as stature, y=97.19+1.11 HC for females and y=88.77+1.45 HC for males. The above findings may hence provide reliable method of estimation of height from skeletal remains in the forensic setup.Conclusions: Head circumference can be used to estimate stature in Maharashtrian population using the regression equation with reasonable accuracy to estimate stature.
Cost analysis of reprocessing of gloves
Authors: Gupta Ravi , Mehra Aditi
Published: June 2022

Background: Gloves are an integral component of standard precautions. Reprocessing and reuse of gloves are undertaken in hospitals in resource- limited settings to reduce the cost incurred in the procurement of single use disposable gloves. There is no standardized procedure to ascertain the integrity of gloves after reprocessing. The aim of the study was to calculate the cost of reprocessing gloves vis a vis use of disposable gloves.  Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the CSSD. The cost incurred in all the steps of reprocessing of gloves in terms of manpower involved, consumables used and the cost of operating the equipment was determined. The overall cost was then divided by the number of total pairs of gloves reprocessed during the study period to arrive at the cost of reprocessing per pair of gloves.Results: Total cost incurred for running the machinery, manpower involved and consumables used was calculated to be Rs. 716,649. Number of pairs of gloves reprocessed was 42900. The total cost incurred in reprocessing one pair of glove in this setting was calculated to be Rs. 16.7 per glove, whereas the cost of sterile disposable surgical gloves was Rs. 11.50 during the study period.  Conclusions: The results of the present study show that the reprocessing of gloves is not cheaper than using disposable gloves. The healthcare institutions should carefully look into the sterilisation techniques vis a vis the cost of using the disposable gloves.
Risk of falls and its association with activities of daily living and depression among elderly residing in a rural area in Bangalore, Karnataka
Authors: Kannan Radhika , Fathima Farah Naaz , Agrawal Twinkle , Mohan Joseph , Retnakaran Rithesh , Mudhol Snehal Ramesh
Published: June 2022

Background: According to 2011 censes, elderly account for 8.6% of Indian population and is projected to become 20% by 2050. Early identification and prevention of fall-related factors would play a vital role in reducing the health costs in elderly. The objective of the study was to assess the risk of falls among elderly residing in Mugalur subcentre, Bangalore Urban.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the ten villages of Mugalur subcenter, from March-May 2019 using a structured questionnaire that was administered through a face-validated interview. Systemic random sampling was done from the ten villages, proportionate allocation was done to reach a calculated sample size of 220. Timed up and go test (TUG) was done for all participants.Results: Mean age of the study population was 69.05±8.3years. Among the study subjects, 40 (18.2%) had moderate risk of fall and 9 (4.1%) were seen to have high risk of fall. 26 (11.8%) subjects had a fall in past one year. TUG test showed a median value of 18.5 seconds, and 179 (18.4%) elderly had TUG result ≥13 sec. According to Geriatric Depression scale (GDS-15), 18 (8.2%) subjects were found to be severely depressed. Significant association was seen between the GDS-15 scores and risk of falls according to Fisher’s exact test. The mean TUG score was shown to have a significant association with the risk of falls according to ANOVA.Conclusions: Moderate to high risk of fall is seen among 22.3% of the elderly. Significant association was seen between age, TUG score and depression with risk of falls.
Curcumin in the patient with perennial allergic rhinitis with chronic episodic allergic asthma
Authors: Waghray Pradyut , Waghray Kunal , Waghray Jyotika
Published: June 2022

A 24-year-old man presented with history of severe wheezing in the last 5 days. He had a history of skin allergy since childhood. He had a strong family history of similar complaints present in mother and other sibling. He was diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. He regularly uses ICS/LABA inhaler and fluticasone nasal spray, tablet bilastine 20 mg once daily and oral bronchodilators frequently. Bioavailable curcumin was added to his usual treatment regimen. Bio AV curcumin tab 500 mg (from Edence Life Sciences Pvt Ltd) twice daily was prescribed for 2 months. Curcumin was added to his usual treatment regimen. Curcumin Bio AV tab 500 mg twice daily was prescribed for 2 months followed by once daily dosing regimen which he continued even at 4 months follow up. After giving curcumin his oral steroids requirements reduced significantly while he continues the inhaled medications. Curcumin has potent anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects. Curcumin relieves the symptoms of both asthma and allergic rhinitis. Curcumin was found to exert diverse immunomodulatory effects in these disorders. Curcumin can have a place in the management of allergic rhinitis and asthma.
Serous effusions in Burkitt lymphomas: a report of two paediatric cases with review of literature
Authors: Kumar Mayank , Rao Meenakshi , Khera Sudeep , Sinha Arvind , Nalwa Aasma
Published: June 2022

The serosal cavity can be involved in many diseases, both benign and malignant. Such involvement is secondary to occurrence of disease at other sites. Lymphoma, although not a very common cause for serous effusion, is one of the most important one. The reason for serosal involvement in lymphomas has not been fully elucidated. These two cases highlight the importance of pleural and peritoneal fluid examination in the diagnosis of lymphoma. There is correlation between fluid examination and subsequent cytological and histopathological studies, with immunohistochemical confirmation. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of serosal involvement in lymphomas may lead to early diagnosis, better patient management and also development of newer treatment modalities for the same.
Influence of product selection on health commodity security among level four public health facilities in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Kaitany Fridah C. , Mwangi Eunice M. , Njoroge Kezia
Published: June 2022

Background: Procurement of health products and technologies in Kenya faces challenges as seen by increased public complaints regarding erratic supplies of the essential drugs and other medical supplies in public health facilities. Often overlooked, is the need to build effective product selection systems which can ensure there is availability of health commodities.Methods: The study adopted a cross sectional survey research design with descriptive approach involving 120 top management team, procurement officers, stores clerks, pharmaceutical officers and head of departments who were involved in procurement of health products and commodities from the 4 level four government health facilities in Nairobi County (Mbagathi Hospital, Pumwani Maternity Hospital, Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital and Mutuini Hospital). The survey used questionnaires to collect data from the respondents. Consent was obtained from participantsabove the age of 18 years was included in to the study. Informed consent was taken prior to conduct of the study.Results: Correlation analysis indicated that product selection and health commodity security were positively correlated (r=0.769, p<0.05) while regression analysis indicated that product selection influenced health commodity security in level four public health facilities in Nairobi City County, Kenya (β=0.457; p=0.05).Conclusions: Product selection is important to ensure health commodity security. The management at the facilities should ensure product selection committees are available in the facilities, products selected are registered for use in the country and ensure that the user departments are involved in product selection.
Insights of literacy on preventive behaviors of non-communicable diseases in Bangladesh: descriptive types of cross-sectional study among female university students
Authors: Banu Bilkis , Chowdhury Sujana Haque , Akter Nasrin , Ara Ulfat , Islam Kazi Rakibul , Amin M. Ruhul , Hossain Sarder Mahmud
Published: June 2022

Background: Non-communicable diseases were the leading global causes of mortality, causing more deaths compare to all other causes combined, which strike hardest at world's low and middle-income countries. The aim of the study was to ascertain the health literacy and its practical application among the young generation to prevent major non communicable diseases. Methods: This was a descriptive type of cross-sectional study with 400 participants drawn from female university students of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were gathered by pre-tested, self-administered, structured and anonymous online questionnaires. Analysis was performed by using multivariate techniques followed by regression modelling and the margin of error was considered as 0.05. Results: Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents showed that, majority of the female students belonged to age group <25 years. Study found that 63.5% of all university students had poor literacy on prevention of NCDs with female propensity. It was observed that highest level of poor literacy was about cancer (73.20%) and hypertension (75.20%) among all other NCDs. Statistically significant analysis observed that monthly lower family income <468 USD (AOR/p=1.73/0.01), respondents of businessman father (AOR=1.68/0.06) and residing in a family with >4 members (AOR/p=0.67/0.00) were the predictors for poor literacy about preventive health behavior on NCDs. Conclusions: This study revealed that the status of literacy on preventive health behaviors of NCDs among female university students was not satisfactory and very few had overall good literacy. This study found several important predictors under socio-demographic consequence played a significant role regarding poor literacy.
Evaluation of the awareness and utilization of oral rehydration salt and zinc in managing diarrhoea among under-five children in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Fagbamigbe Adeniyi Francis , Joseph Juma , Odongo Alfred Owino , Mogere Dominic , Kariuki John
Published: June 2022

Background: Nigeria ranks as one of the countries with the highest negative consequences of diarrhoea in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of the study was to evaluate the awareness and utilization of ORS and zinc in managing diarrhoea among under-five children (U5C) in Oyo state, Nigeria.Methods: Data was obtained from a cross-sectional survey (n=1154) as well as focus group discussions among mothers/caregivers of U5C and key informant interviews in Oyo state. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.Results: Nine of every ten caregivers were aware of the use of ORS/zinc for managing diarrhoea cases. Prevalence of ever-use of ORS/zinc for managing diarrhoea cases was 5.4% while the prevalence of having diarrhoea recently was 6.2% (71/1154). Of the 71 mothers whose U5C recently had diarrhoea, 41 (57.7%) used ORS/zinc to manage a recent episode of diarrhoea. Adjusted odds of using ORS/zinc to manage diarrhoea was 2.64 (aOR=2.64; 95%CI: 1.18-10.27 times higher among children who are the first births than those with fourth or higher birth order. The adjusted odds of using ORS/zinc to manage diarrhoea was 9 times (aOR= 9.15; 95%CI: 1.99-34.47) higher among mothers aged 20 to 24 years than those aged 30 to 39 years.Conclusions: Despite the high level of awareness of use of ORS and zinc in managing diarrhoea, ever-utilization is low but recent use by three-fifths of caregivers is fair. There is a need for Oyo state ministry of health and other stakeholders to promote the use of ORS and zinc in managing diarrhoea.
Joint complaints in the elderly during the COVID-19
Authors: Napitupulu Rosintan Milana , Juwita Citra Puspa , Manik James W. H.
Published: June 2022

Background: COVID-19 has an impact on the lack of physical activity of the elderly so that it can cause complaints in the joints such as: pain, swelling, and limited movement. This study aim of the study was to find out the prevalence joint complaints in the elderly during the COVID-19.Method: Research is descriptive with a quantitative approach on 150 elderly people in Cililitan Village, East Jakarta, Indonesia, where data collection is carried out by community health worker (CHW) who have been trained.  Primary data collection through a questionnaire containing six questions about complaints of pain, swelling, and motion limitation in the joints: neck, shoulders, elbows, pelvis, ankles, fingers, toes, waist, wrists, and knees.Results: Joint disorders occurred by the elderly, 133 elderly (89%) had two joint problems, followed 8 elderly (5%) had problems in one joint, and as many as 9 elderly (6%) had three joint disorders. Joint complaints in the knee joint are 44%, pain in the pelvic joint 25.3%, and pain in the fingers of the hand 24%. The second complaint of swelling occurs in the knee joints by 8%, followed by the fingers and pelvic joints, which is 5.3%. The third complaint is limited movement in the knee joint 58.6%, fingers 30%, and toes 22%.Conclusions: All respondents had joint complaints during the COVID-19 mainly occurring in the knee joints, fingers, toes, and pelvis.
Factors associated with betel quid chewing among adolescents living in Nattalin township, Bago region, Myanmar
Authors: Saing Kyawt Kyawt , Lwin Kay Thi , Hlaing Thein
Published: June 2022

Background: Betel quid (BQ) chewing is a common practice in Myanmar. BQ chewing is a risk factor for oral health problems and is associated with multi-organs cancer. The earlier age and the larger quantity of BQ per day enhance more health risks. The main aim of this study was to find out the prevalence and to identify the factors associated with BQ chewing practice among the adolescent population.Methods: Cross-sectional quantitative (primary) study was conducted on 160 adolescents (10-19 years) in Nattalin township in Myanmar using interviewed structured questionnaire. All data analysis was done by using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) statistical software.Results: The prevalence of BQ chewing adolescents was 28.2% of the total sample (n=160). The BQ chewer group contained more males than females. The earliest age of starting BQ chewing was 6 years old. Socio-demographic characteristics included age (equal or more than 15 years) (p<0.001), male (p<0.001), rural residence (p=0.009), working group (p<0.001), pocket money of more than 10000 kyats (p<0.001), having BQ used family members (p=0.017) and BQ used close friends (p<0.001) and the negative attitude (p=0.006) toward BQ chewing were the factors significantly associated with BQ chewing practice in this study.Conclusions: In conclusion, more than one-fourth of the studied adolescents chewed BQ and the majority had a good knowledge level. Many more effective anti-BQ chewing interventions and strong behavioural change health promotion programmes emphasizing the dangers of BQ chewing habits for adolescents need to be developed nationwide.
Determination of microbial contamination of water used in the household for domestic purposes in Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Bakari Bibi A. , Mwaura Juddy W. , Yonge Shadrack A.
Published: June 2022

Background: Globally, 45% of the global population, showing that the compliance level is very low in most developing countries. In Kenya, 10% of all deaths caused by waterborne illnesses are due to water scarcity and poor sanitation. Mombasa County is facing a major problem in the provision of domestic water to its residents, thus causing a water shortage.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Mombasa County between November 2020-March 2021. 55 water samples were randomly collected for analysis of microbial contamination. Using stata for analysis, t-test was calculated to determine the relationship with p<0.05.Results: TC mean for boreholes was ±761.68 CFU and tap water was ±712.23 CFU. There was a significant difference in means between the two groups for TC (t=7.38, df=41.94, p=0.000). Faecal coliforms (FC) for borehole and tap water was ±739.52 CFU and ±115.42 CFU respectively. FC showed a significant difference between the two groups (t=3.74, df=36.84 and p=0.0003). HPC means for borehole and tap water of water were ±7730.62 CFU and ±4092.12 CFU respectively. There was no significant difference in means for HPC for the two groups (t=1.73, df=53 and p=0.0445). 34.3% (n=12) and 20% (n=4) of boreholes and tap water were contaminated with salmonella respectively. None of the water samples collected had Shigella. Conclusions: All borehole water samples stored in the household storage containers were more contaminated than tap water, hence not fit to be consumed in the household.
Women autonomy and its sociodemographic correlates in high focus states of India
Authors: Patel Vikash Singh , Patel Sandeep , Patel Prince Kumar
Published: June 2022

Background: Autonomy is a multidimensional notion that relates to the independence or freedom of will of one's activity and is defined as the ability to receive knowledge and make judgments regarding one's issues. Women's autonomy is a function of several social, cultural, and individual factors such as education, occupation, and economic condition. To determine the socio-demographic factors influencing women’s autonomy among study subjects and to find out the contribution of these significant factors.Methods: The present study is based on the data of the 4th round of the National Family Health Survey 2015-2016 (NFHS-4). This study is based on, 381927 women of reproductive age group belonging to high focus states of India. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis have been used to analyze the data.Results: In nine high focus states, Jharkhand (8.6%) is the most autonomous state while Bihar (6.4%) is the least autonomous state. Age, education, wealth index, occupation are significant factors influencing autonomy.Conclusions: Women’s age, education, working status, and the number of living children is positively associated with women’s autonomy. In high focus states, women are still struggling for their independent role in decision-making.
A study on prevalence of text neck syndrome among under-graduate students of a medical college in Puducherry
Authors: Kamaraj Nirupama , Rajasekar Vedapriya Dande , Rangasamy Surendar
Published: June 2022

Background: Text neck syndrome denotes the repetitive stress injury due to prolonged usage of electronic gadgets. If the condition is left untreated, could lead to serious permanent damage to nerves and spine. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, the dependence to the electronic gadgets has increased as the academic sessions were conducted via virtual modes. These electronic gadgets were increasingly used for personal or recreational purposes particularly by the college students and this might result in neck pain, shoulder pain and discomfort. The objective of the current study is to determine the prevalence of text neck syndrome using neck disability index (NDI) among the under-graduate medical student and to find out the association between the duration of electronic gadget usage and text neck syndrome among the study population.Methods: A self-administered validated questionnaire (NDI) was used to evaluate the neck pain related disability. Google forms were sent to undergraduate students and 354 responded students were included in our study. Percentage and Chi-square values were analysed.Results: Prevalence of text neck syndrome was 16.7%. Significant association was found between gender, MBBS academic year and duration of electronic gadget usage with significant p values 0.030, 0.001 respectively. Duration of electronic gadget usage and text neck syndrome was associated statistically with significant p value 0.038.Conclusions: We conclude that there is significant disability associated with the duration of electronic gadget usage. We found that, the intensity of the neck pain increases with the duration of electronic gadget usage.
Impact of monitoring and training on biomedical waste segregation practice in hospitals
Authors: Mondal Ramkrishna
Published: June 2022

Background: It is evident that only 10-20% of the entire hospital waste is hazardous. If waste segregation is done properly at point of generation and immediately, it helps to reduce the waste quantity by around 2-5%. Regular monitoring and training of the staff is of paramount importance in proper segregation of waste. The aim was to find out impact of monitoring and training in waste segregation practice of the hospital.Methods: The study was done in a 750 bedded teaching hospital at eastern India during 2018. 23 different areas were identified. Each area had equipped with total five (5) bins including one bin for general waste and a total 23×5=115 bins to be monitored daily for segregation deficiency. A structured training programme for all staff were made. A register used to record daily segregation deficiency. Monthly data were used for training need assessment and bio-medical waste segregation deficiency (BMWSD) index was calculated. Simple statistical test in Microsoft excel and t test used.Results: In the zero month 16 areas found with total 38 deficiencies and the mean BMWSD index was 1.10%. On the third month, only three deficiencies found in three areas with the mean BMWSD index 0.09%. On the sixth month the deficiencies were further reduced to only one area with one deficiency with a BMWSD index of 0.03%.Conclusions: Regular monitoring along with proper training of the staff improved the biomedical waste segregation practice in the hospital highly significantly over time (p<0.0001).
Patient satisfaction in urban primary health centres: case of Lucknow and Prayagraj districts in Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Agarwal Manoj K. , Mishra Sunanda
Published: June 2022

Background: Patient satisfaction is one of the expected outcomes of healthcare, as it is closely connected to health-care utilization. It reflects patients' views on the quality of healthcare and the responsiveness of the healthcare system. There is a strong correlation that exists between patient’s satisfaction and their willingness to seek care at the preferred facility.Methods: A patient exit interview was carried out among 200 patients attending the urban primary health centre (UPHC) in two rationally selected district of Uttar Pradesh. Information regarding services and atmosphere of the UPHC was gathered using a pre-designed questionnaire during September 2019-December 2019. Binominal logistic regression, both simple and multi-variate were conducted to identify the factors which contribute significantly to patient’s satisfaction.Results: Overall we found that 57 percent of the patients were satisfied with the concerned UPHC and factors like examining authority, availability of medicines, waiting time, convenient opening hours, location of the UPHC and availability of waiting area were significantly associated with the patients’ satisfaction. Having found the opening hours convenient and waiting space available were the strongest predictors of patient satisfaction.Conclusions: In conclusion majority of the patient were satisfied, still there is a need to work upon factors like making adequate space available for the patients to wait and modifying the working hours of the UPHC as per the patients need so as to attain the highest level of patient satisfaction.
Vascular calcifications in mammogram and correlate them with coronary artery diseases: a retrospective study
Authors: Suresh Attili V. S. , Sharma Rakesh , Dadireddy Praveen K. , Bunga Rajkumar , Lalukota Krishna M. , Reddy Pradeep K. , Reddy Guru N.
Published: June 2022

Background: The aim was to evaluate the incidental findings of vascular calcifications in mammogram and correlate them with coronary artery diseases clinically and radiologically in retrospective manner from multiple institutes.Methods: It was a retrospective analysis of all mammograms done in past one year for routine screening from three institutes during 2020-2021. Those with positive calcifications were interviewed and for the willing population we evaluated the coronary artery disease status clinically and radiologically.Results: There were 335 subjects whose complete case records were available. Out of these patients 38 had some form of calcifications found on mammograms with varying severity. Out of the 38 subjects 31 had coronary angiogram testing (either conventional or CT). We could observe 26 of them harbouring moderate to severe atherosclerotic changes and varying degree of coronary artery stenosis.Conclusions: Observation of calcifications on mammogram should prompt the screening physician to encourage the patients for their cardiac risk assessment.
Assessment of infrastructure facilities, manpower and services at health sub-centres from a rural block of Haryana, North India
Authors: Bashar M. D. Abu
Published: June 2022

Background: A sub-centre is the most peripheral and first point of contact between the health care system and the Community. The success of any nationwide programme largely depends on well-functioning sub-centres providing services of acceptable standard to people. Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) were programmed with an objective to standardize the health care infrastructure and services. Current study was undertaken with the aim to assess the infrastructure facilities, manpower and services of a sample of sub-centers from North India against the IPHS standards.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out from February 2014 to October 2014 in 30 of the 32 sub-centres in a rural block of district Ambala in the state of Haryana, North India using a specially designed semi structured questionnaire to compare the existing physical infrastructure, manpower, quality control and service delivery in these sub-centres against the IPHS standards.Results: Significant gaps existed in available physical infrastructure and availability of manpower (especially male worker). The parameters designed for quality control like citizen’s charter, internal and external monitoring were also found to be deficient. Record keeping and reporting was also unsatisfactory. However, availability of the requisite services and service delivery was found to be satisfactory.Conclusions: There is urgent need to equip the sub-centres with the necessary infrastructure and logistics along with need of regular monitoring and supervision of the sub-centers by internal and external agencies so as to improve the quality of facilities and services provided by them.
Assess the effectiveness of autogenic training exercise on stress among cancer patients
Authors: Sahdev Singh Vir Vikram , Premavathy R.
Published: June 2022

Background: Autogenic training has shown promise in helping cancer patient to reduce stress. Autogenic training can help to bring greater attention to the present, while avoiding the stress of future and past.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in SVBP hospital at Meerut. Informed consent was obtained from cancer patients after brief explanation of the study and intervention. In this study one group pre-test-post-test design was adopted. Pre-test was done among 60 cancer patients by using perceived stress scale (PSS). By using convening sampling technique 60 cancer patients were selected for the study.Results: The results shows that pre-test level of stress was that 13 (22%) stress, and post-test stress level was 26 (43%) of patients had low stress, 21 (35%) had moderate stress and 13 (22%) had high stress. The mean score of pre-test and post-test was 64.6 and 51.4 with SD of 17.56 and 15.34 with respectively.Conclusions: The findings of study proved that autogenic training was effective in reducing stress of cancer patients.
A study on socio-demographic and obstetric profile, contraceptive use and reasons for medical termination of pregnancy among women attending medical termination of pregnancy clinic in Purba Medinipur district of West Bengal, India
Authors: Kulsum Kaniz , Majumdar Kunal Kanti
Published: June 2022

Background: Induced abortion contributes significantly to maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries yet women still seek repeat induced abortion in-spite of the availability of contraceptive services. The objective of this study was to identify the socio-demographic and obstetric profile of the mother’s seeking abortion as well as causes for seeking abortion.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study among selected women undergoing medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) at Tamluk district hospital and Haldia sub divisional hospital (SDH) of Purba Medinipur district, West Bengal. Results: A total of 52 women participated in the study. Among the study subjects, majority (53.83%) of the women were between 26-35 years of age. 88.46% of participants were Hindu by religion and belonged to nuclear families (80.76%). Common reasons given by the mothers for terminating of the pregnancy were previous baby too young (32.69%) and completed family size (28.84%) and contraceptive failure (28.84%).Conclusions: Unmet need of contraception is still an issue in respect to unwanted pregnancy. So focused attention from Front line workers like ANM, ASHA is required to meet the unmet need of contraception.
Radiation exposure in pregnancy: need for awareness
Authors: Belaguthi Priyanka P. K. , Prashanth Shaylaja , Dasegowda Giridhar , Sadaf Salma , Mirmire Sanjiti
Published: June 2022

Background: Although radiation has become an integral part of modern medicine, as both a diagnostic and a therapeutic tool, the emphasis on the teratogenic effects of radiation in pregnancy cannot be belittled.Methods: A total of 404 pregnant women at ESIC Model hospital, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru were enrolled over a period of 3 months (December 2020 to February 2021) in the interventional study. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 23 package.Results: On analyzing the data obtained in the study, it was noted that most patients in the study were aged 25-30 years 175 (43.32%), belonged to the upper-lower class (241 (59.65%), were multiparous 216 (53.46%), and in their third trimester 192 (47.52%). It was seen that 133 (32.92%) women had some knowledge about the ill effects of radiation during pregnancy and 110 (27.33%) were educated about the same during their antenatal visits. While only 96 (29.54%) of 325 women below 30 had some familiarity with the same, this proportion significantly increased (p<0.05) to 39 (46.84%) of 79 in those above 30. The study showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in insight among women based on socioeconomic levels, parity, or week of gestation. A short session was conducted to educate women about different imaging modalities, the benefits of ultrasonography, and the risk of radiation exposure during pregnancy. A post-education survey revealed a significant increase (p<0.0001) in awareness among pregnant women.Conclusions: This study reiterates the importance of health education among pregnant women to ensure adequate protection from the teratogenic effects of radiation exposure.
Prevalence of household food security in Kenya: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kiboi Willy K. , Mucheru Patrick K. , Mututho Leah N. , Kimiywe Judith O. , Chege Peter M. , Negesse Ayenew A.
Published: June 2022

Food is both a basic need and a human right. As such, food security is a critical factor in individual and social health. This study aimed at assessing the pooled prevalence of household food security in Kenya. Relevant studies were systematically searched through manual and electronic searches. We searched databases including; Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. The Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses protocol (PRISMA-P) guideline was followed. Heterogeneity of the primary studies was examined using the Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 test. A random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of household food security. The prevalence was determined at a 95% confidence interval with its corresponding odds at a p value of less than 0.05. A total of 15 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of household food security was 22.33% (95% CI: 16.60%-28.06%). Households in an urban setting had a lower (19.28%) food security (95% CI: 12.55%-26.01%) as compared to those in rural settings (25.27%) (95% CI: 16.60%-28.06%). Additionally, those studies conducted post the Sustainable development goals (SDGs) had a higher (24.20%) household food security prevalence (95% CI: 11.49%-36.91%) as compared to those conducted before (21.16%) (95% CI: 14.11%-28.21%). Household food security remains a major concern in the country, particularly in the urban setting. Policymakers and the Government (national and county levels) at large should upscale and accelerate efforts to improve the household food security situation.
Full mouth rehabilitation of the patient with severely mutilated dentition: a case report
Authors: Tyagi Manjulika , Kusum Chandan K.
Published: June 2022

Management of the lost tooth structure by restoring the dental occlusion and aesthetics, is a challenging task for a dental clinician in full mouth rehabilitation cases. With the advent of new techniques and tooth-colored materials, it has become easy to meet demands of the patient. Full mouth rehabilitation involves restoring of dental occlusion, dental balance, and functionality with dental esthetics. This can be achieved through accurate clinical and radiographic examination, along with a diagnostic wax-up. Determining OVD is crucial in these cases. This paper describes the full-mouth rehabilitation of a 55-year-old patient with a severely mutilated dentition.
Carnavales y festivales: tendencias y estrategias digitales: arte, cultura y nuevas tecnologías en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Solis Vega Pablo , Carrión Castro Jorge , Prada Eliana , Villers Andrea , Gil Gómez Isabel , Luzardo Alejandra , Zaldívar Trinidad
Published: June 2022

El presente estudio identifica las principales transformaciones e innovaciones que se generaron en los carnavales y festivales de América Latina y el Caribe a raíz de la crisis sanitaria por la COVID-19. Hace énfasis en los nuevos modelos de negocio que se presentan en el ámbito digital y propone estrategias para detonar su desarrollo en la virtualidad, incentivar la reactivación económica y el desarrollo sostenible del sector.
Optimización del proceso de extracción de fibroína a partir del capullo de gusano de seda Bombyx Mori
Authors: Murillo-Usuga Carlos Augusto , Escobar-Sierra Diana Marcela
Published: June 2022

En el presente trabajo se realizó un estudio estadístico para optimizar el rendimiento del proceso de extracción de fibroína del capullo del gusano de seda Bombyx Mori, también conocido como desgomado, en el cual la fibroína y la sericina, componentes que conforman la estructura del capullo, son separadas utilizando soluciones acuosas de carbonato de sodio (Na2CO3); el estudio en cuestión se hizo mediante un diseño experimental 23 con dos puntos centrales, para ello, los factores seleccionados fueron la temperatura, la relación Na2CO3/Capullos y el tiempo de extracción. La significativa estadística de estos factores fue estudiada mediante análisis de varianza (ANOVA). De acuerdo con los resultados, el proceso de extracción depende principalmente del tiempo de extracción (p = 0,009) y la temperatura de trabajo (p = 0,0112), obteniéndose bajo las condiciones óptimas de extracción un promedio de 74,76% de fibroína del capullo. Finalmente, la muestra obtenida bajo las mejores condiciones se caracterizó por medio de análisis Infrarrojo por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR) y por análisis termogravimétrico (TGA) con el fin de tener la base del material obtenido para posibles aplicaciones biomédicas.
Treatment of Proximal Humerus Varus Deformity Secondary to Neonatal Glenohumeral Septic Arthritis: A Case Report
Authors: Kamrani Reza Shahriar , Zohrabi Kian
Published: June 2022

Background: Proximal humerus shortening and varus can occur secondary to neonatal shoulder septic arthritis and focal fibrocartilage dysplasia. Valgus osteotomy of the proximal humerus compensates for a little bite of shortening, and improves the shoulder joint's range of motion.
Case Report: In this study, we present two patients with severe proximal humerus deformity following glenohumeral septic arthritis. Both of them underwent valgus osteotomy, and had a satisfactory result in terms of range of motions and cosmesis at five years follow-up.
Conclusion: Treatment of varus deformity of proximal humerus is challenging issue. There are few reports of surgical treatment. Sever varus deformity of proximal humerus impacts the motion of shoulder. We reported a novel method of valgus osteotomy of proximal humerus in patients with severe varus deformity secondary to neonatal septic arthritis and long-term clinical follow-up.
A Google Trends Analysis of Orthopedic Surgery Interests during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ebrahimpour Adel , Afshar Ahmadreza , Tabrizi Ali
Published: June 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.