bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repurposing FIB-4 index as a predictor of mortality in patients with hematological malignancies and COVID-19
Authors: Sutandyo Noorwati , Kurniawati Sri Agustini , Jayusman Achmad Mulawarman , Syafiyah Anisa Hana , Pranata Raymond , Hanafi Arif Riswahyudi
Published: September 2021

Background

In this study, we aimed to investigate whether FIB-4 index is useful in predicting mortality in patients with concurrent hematological malignancies and COVID-19. We also aimed to determine the optimal cut-off point for the prediction.

Methods

This is a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted in Dharmais National Cancer Hospital, Indonesia. Consecutive sampling of adults with hematological malignancies and COVID-19 was performed between May 2020 and January 2021. COVID-19 screening test using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of nasopharyngeal samples were performed prior to hospitalization for chemotherapy. FIB-4 index is derived from [age (years) × AST (IU/L)]/[platelet count (109/L) × √ALT (U/L)]. The primary outcome of this study is mortality, defined as clinically validated death/non-survivor during a 3-months (90 days) follow-up.

Results

There were a total of 70 patients with hematological malignancies and COVID-19 in this study. Median FIB-4 Index was higher in non-survivors (13.1 vs 1.02, p<0.001). FIB-4 index above 3.85 has a sensitivity of 79%, specificity of 84%, PLR of 5.27, and NLR of 0.32. The AUC was 0.849 95% CI 0.735–0.962, p<0.001. This cut-off point was associated with OR of 16.70 95% CI 4.07–66.67, p<0.001. In this study, a FIB-4 >3.85 confers to 80% posterior probability of mortality and FIB-4 <3.85 to 19% probability. FIB-4 >3.85 was associated with shorter time-to-mortality (HR 9.10 95% CI 2.99–27.65, p<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that FIB-4 >3.85 (HR 4.09 95% CI 1.32–12.70, p = 0.015) and CRP> 71.57 mg/L (HR 3.36 95% CI 1.08–10.50, p = 0.037) were independently associated with shorter time-to-mortality.

Conclusion

This study indicates that a FIB-4 index >3.85 was independent predictor of mortality in patients with hematological malignancies and COVID-19 infection.
Understanding user communication around loneliness on online forums
Authors: Andy Anietie
Published: September 2021

Increasingly, individuals experiencing loneliness are seeking support on online forums—some of which focus specifically on discussions around loneliness (loneliness forums); loneliness may influence how these individuals communicate in other online forums not focused on loneliness (non-loneliness forums). In order to provide effective and appropriate online interventions around loneliness, it is important to understand how users who publish posts in a loneliness forum communicate in the loneliness forum and non-loneliness forums they belong to. In this paper, using language features, the following analyses are conducted: (1) Posts published on an online loneliness forum on Reddit,/r/Lonelyare compared to posts (published by the same users and around the same time period) on two Reddit online forums i.e. an advice seeking forum,/r/AskRedditand a forum focused on discussions around depression (depression forum),/r/depression. (2) Interventions related to loneliness may vary depending on if an individual is lonely and depressed or lonely but not depressed; language use differences in posts published in/r/Lonelyby the following set of users are identified: (a) users who post in both/r/Lonelyand a depression forum and (b) users who post in/r/Lonelybut not in the depression forum. The findings from this work gain new insights, for example: (i)/r/Lonelyusers tend to seek advice/ask questions related to relationships in the advice seeking forum,/r/AskRedditand (ii) users who are members of the loneliness forum but not the depression forum tend to publish posts (on the loneliness forum) on topic themes related to work/job, however, those who are members of the loneliness and depression forums tend to use more words associated with anger, negation, death, and post on topic themes related to affection relative to relationships in their loneliness forum posts. Some of the findings from this work also align with prior work e.g. users who express loneliness in online forums tend to make more reference to self. These findings aid in gaining insights into how users communicate on these forums and their support needs, thereby informing loneliness interventions.
COVID-19 pandemic restrictions continuously impact on physical activity in adults with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Radtke Thomas , Haile Sarah R. , Dressel Holger , Benden Christian
Published: September 2021

Background

We have recently reported reduced physical activity (PA) in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) with and without lung transplantation (LTX) during a 6-week stringent lockdown in Switzerland. This follow-up study explores the impact of coronavirus-2019 disease (COVID-19) related pandemic restrictions on individuals’ therapy regimens and health-related aspects in pwCF.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional web-based national survey in Spring 2021. The survey included questions on daily PA, airway clearance and inhalation therapy, questions on COVID-19-compatible symptoms, diagnostic tests and vaccination status, and enquired health-related aspects covering the pandemic period between March 2020 to April 2021.

Results

193 individuals with CF (53% female; 25% LTX recipients) participated. Among pwCF, 10 reported COVID-19 (n = 2 LTX recipients), two subjects were hospitalized, no invasive ventilation required, no deaths. The clinical course was generally mild. Overall, 46% reported less PA during the pandemic, mostly due to closed fitness facilities (85%), lack of motivation (34%), and changes in daily structures (21%). In contrast, 32/193 (17%) pwCF were able to increase their PA levels: 12 (38%) and 11 (34%) reported undertaking home-based training and outdoor activities more frequently; 6 (19%) reported an increase in routine PA, and another 3 (9%) started new activities. Among pwCF without LTX, 5% and 4% reported to undertake less airway clearance and inhalation therapy, respectively.

Conclusions

Our study reveals unfavorable consequences of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on PA of pwCF with unknown long-term consequences for their overall physical fitness and lung health. Strategies to overcome this undesirable situation are needed; increased uptake of telehealth PA programs and virtual exercise classes to promote PA participation might be one promising approach along with vaccination of pwCF and their close contacts.
ENTROPIA DA INFORMAÇÃO NA SATISFAÇÃO DE EVENTOS
Authors: KRAUS CAMILA BELLI , HEIN NELSON , QUADROS CINTHIA MORGANA BOOS DE , SANTOS THIAGO DOS
Published: September 2021

Percebe-se o crescimento de festivais e eventos em diversas regiões, sendo assim, estudos apontam a importância para o turismo de determinadas regiões. Baseado nisso, torna-se relevante avaliar a satisfação dos visitantes de eventos, para que se tornem visitantes contínuos desses destinos, contribuindo assim, para o crescimento do turismo regional e dos festivais. A satisfação pode ser medida por meio de cinco dimensões, são elas: segurança, empatia, confiabilidade, atendimento e tangibilidade. Baseado neste contexto, tem-se como objetivo verificar qual dimensão da satisfação de eventos possui o maior peso ou nível de informação, medidos por meio da entropia informacional. Para tanto, realizou-se um levantamento survey com questionário. A coleta de dados seguiu o modelo de questionário semi-estruturado, autopreenchivel com perguntas fechadas, aplicado com 215 visitantes que estiveram na Oktoberfest Blumenau 2017. O instrumento de coleta de dados teve como base teórica o estudo de Moretti, Silva, Pinotti & Zucco (2016). Aos resultados da pesquisa foi aplicado a técnica de Análise Decisória Multicritério denominada Entropia da informação. Destaca-se que essa pesquisa fez parte de um pré-teste de estudo. Os resultados demonstraram que os visitantes da Oktoberfest Blumenau estão mais satisfeitos com a dimensão Tangibilidade e menos satisfeitos com a dimensão Segurança. Portanto, os resultados podem ser utilizados como base para futuras melhorias no evento.
AVALIAÇÃO DAS ATIVIDADES CARACTERÍSTICAS DO TURISMO NO BRASIL: 2012-2020
Authors: RIBEIRO LUIZ CARLOS DE SANTANA , SANTOS MONIQUE MANUELA CARVALHO DOS , DOS SANTOS FERNANDA RODRIGUES
Published: September 2021

Este artigo avalia as Atividades Características do Turismo (ACTs) do Brasil no período 2012-2020 por meio do emprego e da variação do volume dessas atividades. Para tanto, utilizaram-se os indicadores empíricos tradicionais para análise regional, Quociente Locacional (QL) e método diferencial estrutural (Shift-Share), considerando o número de empregos formais das ACTs. Os resultados indicam que nenhum estado brasileiro possui, simultaneamente, especialização em todas as atividades turísticas, e que a criação líquida de empregos nas principais atividades ocorreu por fatores específicos da região. Em 2020, ano marcado pela pandemia da Covid-19, a atividade turística sofreu retração acumulada de -36,7%, o que significa uma queda aproximadamente nove vezes superior ao Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) brasileiro.
REPRESENTATIVIDADE FEMININA NA ÁREA ACADÊMICA DE TURISMO: UMA ANÁLISE DOS PROGRAMAS DE PÓSGRADUAÇÃO FILIADOS À ANPTUR
Authors: COELHO MARIANA DE FREITAS , MAYER VERÃ”NICA FEDER , ANDRADE-MATOS MARIANA BUENO DE , ALVARES DANIELA FANTONI
Published: September 2021

Existem fatores que interferem na atuação docente relacionados a questões ligadas aos sexos, mas faltam estudos no contexto de Programas de Pós-Graduação em Turismo (PPGTurs). O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como a inserção feminina de docentes de turismo acontece no âmbito da Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Turismo (Anptur). A pesquisa é quantitativa, baseada em dados secundários e análises estatísticas utilizando o software SPSS. Os resultados apontam equilíbrio entre o número de docentes dos dois sexos atuando em programas de pós-graduação em
turismo. Os cargos de coordenação e vice coordenação dos PPGTurs têm maioria masculina (60%), assim como em cargos de diretoria da Anptur (62%). Há diferenças na média de citação de mulheres, que é
inferior à citação de homens em todos os índices existentes na plataforma Google Scholar. Sobre a autoria de trabalhos publicados em anais da Anptur entre 2005 e 2019, tem-se que há maioria de autoras do sexo feminino (60%). Sobre a premiação, há um número equilibrado de prêmios concedidos aos dois sexos. O estudo contribui ao apresentar um recorte sobre a atuação docente em programas de pós-graduação em turismo, colaborando para o entendimento da representatividade e influência feminina na área.
ADOPCIÓN DE YIELD MANAGEMENT EN HOTELERÍA: ETAPA PRE-COVID-19 Y EXPECTATIVAS EN EL CONTEXTO ACTUAL DE PANDEMIA
Authors: PASCIARONI CAROLINA , ELÍAS SILVINA , DIEZ JOSÉ IGNACIO
Published: September 2021

La incertidumbre sobre la recuperación de la demanda provocada por la pandemia COVID-19 en combinación con las nuevas erogaciones que deben afrontar los hoteles para cumplir con los protocolos sanitarios y adquirir soluciones tecnológicas que atenúen el riesgo de contagio, constituyen factores que revalorizan la adopción de la filosofía Yield Managment (YM). Partiendo de la necesidad de profundizar en el conocimiento empírico sobre la implementación del YM en países de menor desarrollo, el estudio tiene como objetivo: 1) analizar las características de los hoteles y su relación con el conocimiento y adopción del YM para la fijación de tarifas en Argentina e 2) identificar cambios en su adopción y/o uso en el contexto de pandemia. El estudio de caso constituye la metodología empleada y se centra en los hoteles de 3 y 4 estrellas de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca. La información se recopiló a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas presenciales a los encargados de los seis hoteles de 4 y 3 estrellas (enero a marzo 2019), y encuestas difundidas vía e-mail a los mismos alojamientos (octubre a noviembre de 2020). De acuerdo al análisis de esta información, ciertos rasgos de los hoteles se relacionan con el conocimiento y efectiva adopción del YM. El estudio muestra que la crisis COVID-19 no promueve la adopción del YM.
Analisis Perbandingan Algoritma Decision Tree, kNN, dan Naive Bayes untuk Prediksi Kesuksesan Start-up
Authors: Permana Adhitya Prayoga , Ainiyah Kurniyatul , Holle Khadijah Fahmi Hayati
Published: September 2021

Start-ups have a very important role in economic growth, the existence of a start-up can open up many new jobs. However, not all start-ups that are developing can become successful start-ups. This is because start-ups have a high failure rate, data shows that 75% of start-ups fail in their development. Therefore, it is important to classify the successful and failed start-ups, so that later it can be used to see the factors that most influence start-up success, and can also predict the success of a start-up. Among the many classifications in data mining, the Decision Tree, kNN, and Naïve Bayes algorithms are the algorithms that the authors chose to classify the 923 start-up data records that were previously obtained. The test results using cross-validation and T-test show that the Decision Tree Algorithm is the most appropriate algorithm for classifying in this case study. This is evidenced by the accuracy value obtained from the Decision Tree algorithm, which is greater than other algorithms, which is 79.29%, while the kNN algorithm has an accuracy value of 66.69%, and Naive Bayes is 64.21%.
NEW PARADIGMS FOR EARTH CONSTRUCTIONS TECHNOLOGIES: SUSTAINABILITY AND CONTROL OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
Authors: Santi Giovanni , Leporelli Emanuele , Vitiello Veronica
Published: September 2021

The paper presents part of the international research, between Italy and Morocco, on the earth constructions technologies. Although history demonstrates many applications there isn’t a large use nowadays. The aim of this study is therefore to understand why such promising material today is not widely used and applied only for niche situations. Through the analysis of earth construction technologies from those linked to tradition to more contemporary ones, it was possible to understand how the material was adapted locally to different building needs according to the climatic context and the available resources. In addition, the international regulatory framework is also analyzed, in order to understand the current level of development of regulations for the use of earth-based technologies. Morocco is a country with a deep and widespread knowledge of earthen construction, and the contemporary construction regulatory framework provides for its use. Through a Moroccan case study, it was possible to experiment the use of rammed earth masonry as infill, respecting contemporary construction standards. In addition, the application of BIM modeling was tested, in order to make this construction technique meet the requirements of the contemporary building process, making it faster, controlled in terms of performance and economically advantageous. The results of research, including the preparation of an abacus of the earth walls used with 123 elements and the related 17 characteristic information, for a total of 8000 m of earth, demonstrate the ability of this traditional building system to be managed and controlled in a contemporary way.
Odnos in stališča medicinskih sester do raziskovanja v klinični praksi zdravstvene nege:
Authors: Zaluberšek Jaka , Ličen Sabina
Published: September 2021

Uvod: Vključevanje v znanstveno-raziskovalne dejavnosti v zdravstveni negi predstavlja pomemben prispevek k razvoju stroke. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti stališča in odnos anketirancev do raziskovanja v kliničnem okolju.Metode: Uporabljena je bila kvantitativna, opisna in eksplorativna neeksperimentalna metoda empiričnega raziskovanja. Anketiranje je potekalo na priložnostnem vzorcu 104 oseb, zaposlenih v zdravstveni negi. Podatki so bili zbrani s pomočjo spletnega vprašalnika, pripravljenega na podlagi pregleda literature. Pri statistični metodi sta uporabljeni deskriptivna statistika (frekvenca, minimum, maksimum, povprečje in standardni odklon) ter interferenčna statistika (linearna regresija, hi-kvadrat test, Mann-Whitneyev U-test, Kruskal-Wallisov test).Rezultati: Anketiranci izkazujejo pozitivna stališča in odnos do raziskovanja (x = 3,44, s = 0,411). Na slednja statistično značilno pozitivno vpliva naklonjenost delovnega okolja (R2 = 0,337, p < 0,001), izzivi in ovire, s katerimi se srečujejo pri raziskovanju, pa na njihova stališča in odnos ne vplivajo (R2 = 0,000, p = 0,932).Diskusija in zaključek: V literaturi se kaže pozitiven odnos anketirancev do raziskovanja, vendar se opozarja na številne ovire za raziskovalno delo. Pomembno je, da se medicinske sestre zavedajo pomembnosti uporabe rezultatov raziskovanja v procesu dela, kajti le tako bodo raziskovanja služila svojemu namenu in imela večjo vrednost.
Paisajes evanescentes. Resignificación de la noción del no-lugar
Authors: Serrano-Barquín Carolina , Nava-La Corte Fernando , Serrano-Barquín Héctor , Zarza Delgado Patricia
Published: September 2021

Los paisajes evanescentes están marcados por improntas espaciales, donde las metáforas sirven para imaginar lo heterogéneo, y las narraciones ritualizadas, para concretarlas, y requieren apertura del juego entre lo homogéneo y la fragmentación. El propósito es visibilizar y analizar cómo la realidad actual, multifactorial, tecnológica y fluida, ha provocado una entropía negativa de lugares, reflejada en una sociedad cultural y socialmente “desespacializada”, con tendencia a enajenar al individuo respecto a su relación con el espacio; una condición que lleva a la desprolijidad, la disuasión y el desencuentro de algunos actores con sus lugares de origen, que así se reducen a no-lugares contemporáneos. Después de una revisión de literatura social y geográfica, se diseñó un modelo de integración identitaria y relacional del no-lugar a partir de herramientas metodológicas y se aplicaron entrevistas para explicar qué hace familiar a un lugar y para quién es familiar ese lugar, su vinculación o su desvinculación con el espacio y su identidad.
„Po śmierci próżniaka nie zawyje i sobaka”: образ ледаря та трудолюба в зоофразеології (на матеріалі польської, української та російської мов)
Authors: Мирошніченко Ілона
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the zoophraseologisms to denote a lazy and a hard worker. It was found that the images of a bee, a horse (in all studied languages), a donkey (the Ukrainian language), a bull, a louse (the Russian language), and an ant (the Polish language) were used in the phraseology for a positive description of person. Laziness and idleness in phraseology personify the images of a cat (in all studied languages), a bird, a louse (Polish and Ukrainian languages), a drone (Ukrainian and Russian languages), a donkey (the Russian language), a dog, a hen (the Ukrainian language). Ambivalent connotations in phraseology have images of an ox (in all studied languages), a dog (Polish and Russian languages), a hen, a donkey (the Polish language). Negatively colored phraseologies prevail over positively ones. In most cases, the semantics of phraseology is related to the way of life of animals, which people perceive it, to a lesser extent – the plots of fairy tales, pagan traditions, culinary and hunting practices. Decoding of some phraseologies is complicated by the homonymy of animal names.
Ptica u hrvatskome prezimenskome mozaiku
Authors: Lasić Josip
Published: September 2021

Findings of the previous research suggest that, although the first records of surnames on the territory of the contemporary Republic of Croatia date back to the 12th century, it is with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) that they became increasingly and extensively used (Frančić, 2015, 229). As far as contemporary surnames are concerned, their structure is regarded to be well established and easily detectable. Their frequency and distribution have also been the topics of much of previous research. Namely, the 2011 census showed that over thirty-three thousand surnames were registered in the Republic of Croatia. For the purposes of this paper, a group of surnames with a bird-related component – ornithonyms – has been singled out from the abovementioned list. The analysed corpus, consisting of approximately three hundred surnames with a component related to bird species, subspecies of groups, is of particular importance since, due to a number of linguistic and non-linguistic obstacles to the creation of a unique “bird” corpus, this interesting group of Croatian surnames has not been sufficiently described by Croatian linguists so far.
PERFORMANS I PERFORMANS POETYCKI W ARTYKUŁACH UKRAIŃSKICH BADACZY
Authors: Hładun Daryna
Published: September 2021

Artykuł przedstawia proces wytyczenia pola badań naukowych performansu w Ukrainie od drugiej połowy XX wieku z wykorzystaniem metod analityczno-syntetycznych (na podstawie artykułów A. Bakanurskiego, D. Honczarenki, T. Gridiajewej, L. Komarnickiej, T. Korniejewej, O. Koczubejnyk, O. Laczko, N. Marenycz, I. Neczytaliuk, M. Paszkewycz, J. Poczynok, N. Homy, J. Szumskiej i I. Jacyk). Artykuł jest częścią szerszego opracowania na temat kluczowych pojęć teorii performansu poetyckiego, w ramach którego ukazał się tekst Wprowadzenie do teorii performansu poetyckiego na Ukrainie. Historia teorii performansu. Uważa się, że w dużej mierze wielu ukraińskich badaczy zapożyczało poglądy północnoamerykańskie i zachodnioeuropejskie dotyczące nie tylko teorii, ale także historii sztuki performansu.
Microstructural evolution of an Al–Mg–Si–Mn– Fe alloy due to Ti and P addition
Authors: Warmuzek Małgorzata , Polkowska Adelajda , Boyko Viktoria , Czekaj Edward , Mikhalenkov Konstantin , Saja Krzysztof
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the results of research on material and microstructural effects in a hypoutectic Al–Mg– Si–Mn–Fe alloy, modified by the addition of Ti and Ti + P, in two series of castings, gravity and pressure. It has been found that the use of high pressure die casting technology allows for significant improvement of mechanical properties, especially tensile strength and plasticity of the examined alloy. On the other hand, the addition of Ti and Ti + P caused different material effects. In gravity castings, the addition of Ti and Ti + P caused a decrease in strength and plasticity, while in high-pressure castings, an increase in the values of these parameters was observed. The microstructural effects related to the foundry technology and those caused by Ti and P additions were revealed, such as differences in the phase composition of the interdendritic eutectics and in the morphology and dispersion of their phase constituents: Mg2Si and α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si.
Queering Bodies: “Becoming-unrecognisable” in Wong Kar-Wai’s Happy Together
Authors: Sim Jiaying
Published: September 2021

This paper is interested in the cinematic apparatus’s potential to produce affect which defamiliarises the visible presence of star-bodies in Wong Kar-wai’s Happy Together (chunguang zhaxie, 1997), thus invoking non-normative and new modes of thinking about queer identification and representation. By close reading the mise-en-scène of the two Iguazu falls sequences, the on-screen star bodies of Tony Leung and Leslie Cheung are defamiliarized when they produce Gilles Deleuze’s affect and “become-unrecognisable” as on-screen subjects. Through this, the encounters with the Iguazu Falls allow us to queer heteronormative and linear narrative time that is associated with (a movement towards) futurity. This inability to pass judgement, I argue, is the ethics of sexual desire which Happy Together proffers when we understand the body that queers and becomes unrecognisable through productive affective assemblages. Instead, we move through the transsensorial potentials for the cinematic assemblage to rethink modes of queering normativity and to redefine bodies in terms of plurality and multiplicity. To that end, this paper presents a new way of thinking about how film stars, familiar tourist spots and even a classic text like Happy Together may be defamiliarized through productions of affects, new-sensations, to provide more ways of revisiting and regarding the film anew.
What the Trade Pioneers Missed: Money
Authors: James Aaron
Published: September 2021

Matias Risse and Gabriel Wollner’s On Trade Justice largely neglects the role of money and central banking in ‘trade fairness.’ This article rehearses why J. M. Keynes thought money and global central banking matters for national capacity, and suggests that this helps answer Risse and Wollner’s chief objection to Aaron James’s Fairness in Practice.
Lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins and psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency room visits in US Veterans with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Authors: Postolache Teodor T. , Medoff Deborah R. , Brown Clayton H. , Fang Li Juan , Upadhyaya Sanjaya K. , Lowry Christopher A. , Miller Michael , Kreyenbuhl Julie A.
Published: September 2021

Objective

Psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits are costly, stigmatizing, and often ineffective. Given the immune and kynurenine activation in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, as well as the immune-modulatory effects of statins, we aimed to compare the relative risk (RRs) of psychiatric hospitalizations and ED visits between individuals prescribed lipophilic vs. hydrophilic statins vs. no statins. We hypothesized (a) reduced rates of hospitalization and ER utilization with statins versus no statins and (b) differences in outcomes between statins, as lipophilia increases the capability to penetrate the blood–brain barrier with potentially beneficial neuroimmune, antioxidant, neuroprotective, neurotrophic, and endothelial stabilizing effects, and, in contrast, potentially detrimental decreases in brain cholesterol concentrations leading to serotoninergic dysfunction, changes in membrane lipid composition, thus affecting ion channels and receptors.

Methods

We used VA service utilization data from October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2015. The RRs for psychiatric hospitalization and ED visits, were estimated using robust Poisson regression analyses. The number of individuals analyzed was 683,129.

Results

Individuals with schizophrenia and BD who received prescriptions for either lipophilic or hydrophilic statins had a lower RR of psychiatric hospitalization or ED visits relative to nonstatin controls. Hydrophilic statins were significantly associated with lower RRs of psychiatric hospitalization but not of ED visits, compared to lipophilic statins.

Conclusion

The reduction in psychiatric hospitalizations in statin users (vs. nonusers) should be interpreted cautiously, as it carries a high risk of confounding by indication. While the lower RR of psychiatric hospitalizations in hydrophilic statins relative to the lipophilic statins is relatively bias free, the finding bears replication in a specifically designed study. If replicated, important clinical implications for personalizing statin treatment in patients with mental illness, investigating add-on statins for improved therapeutic control, and mechanistic exploration for identifying new treatment targets are natural next steps.
Reconstrucción protorromance desde la fonética: problemas metodológicos y propuestas cronológicas
Authors: Vallejo José M.
Published: September 2021

The main goal of this paper is to establish an ordered timeline of the phonetic shifts that oral Latin experienced since the split of Sardinian up to the disintegration of the western family; at the same time, some methodological problems about the graphic representation of the relations among languages are discussed. Consequently, we propose a division of the branches of the Romance family and outline the phonological systems that characterized each group.
Modeling of Supplemental Bar-Mounted Fiber Optic Strain Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring Applications
Authors: Rahmatian Arash , Saleem Hussam , Bagchi Ashutosh , Nokken Michelle , Galal Khaled
Published: September 2021

Fiber optic sensors have been increasingly utilized in structural health monitoring of large-scale civil structures. Bare fiber sensors are quite brittle, and therefore, their installation and embedment in reinforced concrete elements can be challenging, particularly when using uncommon materials as internal reinforcements in concrete. In the present study, a fiber optic strain sensor is preinstalled on a supplemental bar of adequate length and appropriate diameter. The sensor is attached to a glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bar in concrete flexural element. Performance under static-loading conditions has been evaluated, and the results have shown potential toward applying the technique to large-scale structures. Another objective of the present study is to develop a numerical model that represents the interaction between the concrete, the reinforcement steel, and the supplemental GFRP rebar, which has the sensor mounted on. The model is calibrated using experimental results. The model can be used to investigate varying parameters including material properties (e.g., compressive strength of concrete), geometrical data (e.g., the length of the supplemental rebar), and loading and boundary conditions, consequently eliminating the need to perform a large number of full-scale costly experiments. The developed model exhibited nearly identical behavior to the experiments after calibration. The study shows that the performance of the present sensing system is primarily affected by the relative sizes of the main and supplemental bars.
NARRATIVAS DIGITAIS DE PROFESSORES: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA EM TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS
Authors: De Pádua Cavalcanti Bastos Marcus Alexandre
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática de teses e dissertações que tratam de narrativas digitais de professores atuantes em escolas de Educação Básica e Educação Superior no país. Para tanto, buscou-se analisar dissertações e teses existentes no Portal de Periódicos da Capes do período de 2016 a 2018 sobre essa temática. Trata-se de uma a pesquisa exploratória e descritiva sendo que os seus dados e sua análise foram explorados de forma quantitativa e qualitativa. O material da investigação foi composto por 07 trabalhos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão previamente definidos. A análise permitiu observar que o tema foi pouco explorado no cenário brasileiro até 2017. Os resultados apontam que a partir de 2018 houve uma mudança significativa no que se refere ao aumento de pesquisas sobre as narrativas digitais de professores. Entre as áreas mais exploradas, o destaque é para a Educação, em seguida, a seguir estão os trabalhos na área de Ensino de Ciências e Cognição e Linguagem.
POLÍTICA DE PROIBIÇÃO DA DIPIRONA
Authors: Guimarães Flávia de Paula Gonçalves , Souza-Júnior Ernane Cláudio , Mourão Júnior Carlos Alberto , Nascimento Jorge Willian Leandro
Published: September 2021

A dipirona é um dos analgésicos/antipiréticos mais utilizados no Brasil. Entretanto, devido às suspeitas de causar agranulocitose, esse medicamento foi retirado do mercado de mais de 30 países, incluindo: Estados Unidos, Japão, Austrália, e grande parte da União Europeia. Nosso objetivo foi questionar a proibição do medicamento. Dessa forma, foi realizada uma revisão comentada da literatura acerca das possíveis reações adversas e toxicidade associadas ao uso da dipirona bem como a polêmica questão relacionada à sua proibição. Apesar de a dipirona estar historicamente associada à ocorrência de agranulocitose, diversos estudos mostraram que quando comparada com outros analgésicos/antipiréticos disponíveis no mercado, esse fármaco apresenta melhor relação risco-benefício, além de possuir toxicidade em níveis aceitáveis. Em contrapartida, sua ampla disponibilidade, boa margem de segurança e baixo custo constituem-se importantes justificativas para seu uso e comercialização como medicamento isento de prescrição. Este ensaio discute ainda aspectos éticos, sociológicos e políticos que perpassam a proibição da dipirona.
O USO DE PARÓDIAS NO ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA: relato de experiência
Authors: Paixão Beatriz Dos Santos , Hohl Rodrigo , Mourão Júnior Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2021

O aprendizado de tópicos em biologia requer o entendimento de nomenclatura específica e não coloquial. As paródias podem aproximar a semântica cultural do aluno aos termos próprios da biologia, promovendo a aprendizagem significativa. O uso de paródias foi analisado durante dois anos (2017-2019) em turmas de ensino fundamental e médio de cinco escolas públicas. Concluímos que a paródia é um instrumento didático de rememoração dos significados e da nomenclatura própria da biologia. É uma metodologia de baixo custo que trabalha de forma criativa conceitos não coloquiais e os significados associados. Entretanto, a paródia em si não gera motivação intrínseca sendo fundamental a exposição incisiva do professor trazendo segurança para o aluno e credibilidade à proposta didática.
ASPECTOS DE TELEPROTEÇÃO PARA LINHAS DE TRANSMISSÃO: revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Pinho André Da Costa , Colombini Angelo Cesar , Santos Mayara Helena Moreira Nogueira dos , Leite Matheus Felipe Ayello
Published: September 2021

Os sistemas de teleproteção tem sido modernizados com a inserção de novas tecnologias de telecomunicações. Sistemas mais confiáveis com menor tempo de resposta estão sendo testados e aplicados às linhas de transmissão. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão tema destacado, abordando aspectos do sistema de transmissão, equipamentos, funções de proteção aplicáveis e sistemas de telecomunicações, detalhando aspectos técnicos e apresentando uma avaliação comparativa entre tecnologias.
AVALIAÇÃO ANTIMICROBIANA DA EFICÁCIA DOS EXTRATOS HIDROALCOÓLICOS DA PITANGUEIRA E DA GOIABEIRA, IN VITRO, CONTRA STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLADOS DE MASTITE BOVINA
Authors: Mendonça Alexandre Tourino , Carvalho Glei Dos Anjos , Inácio Maria Clara Pereira , Pereira Miriam De Andrade
Published: September 2021

A resistência bacteriana é motivo de preocupação para a medicina humana e veterinária, uma vez que se questiona a eficácia dos antibióticos disponíveis. Com isso pesquisa-se constantemente plantas com novos princípios ativos que combatam patógenos cada vez mais resistentes, como o Staphylococcus aureus. Nesse contexto, as árvores da família Myrtaceae, têm demonstrado potencial antimicrobiano, sendo a pitangueira (Eugenia unifloraL.) e a goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.) objetos deste estudo realizado na UninCor de Três Corações, MG. Objetivou-se testar a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro por Determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CMI) dos extratos hidroalcoólicos frente às cepas de S. aureus isolados do leite de mastite bovina e a cepa controle ATCC 29213, e comparar com os antibióticos de uso comum. Os testes foram realizados em triplicata, com os extratos em concentrações de 100%, 50%, 25% e 12,5%, e comparados em dois tempos de preparação, com 8 dias e com 3 meses. A estatística adotada foi descritiva comparativa, não sendo possível testes estatísticos mais específicos, devidos a dispersão dos valores encontrados. Entre os extratos hidroalcoólicos o melhor foi o da pitangueira na concentração de 100% nos dois tempos, tendo no primeiro, sensibilidade de 15,7% e no segundo 17,65% frente a 9,8% e 5,9% da goiabeira na mesma concentração. Já ao se considerar os antibióticos Gentamicina, Norfloxacina, Amoxilina e Vancomicina, as sensibilidades foram de 100%, 100%, 88,2% e 29,4%, ou seja, ação superior à da pitangueira e da goiabeira, sendo a Norfloxacina o mais eficaz tanto nas 17 cepas isoladas quanto na cepa controle, pois teve maior média do diâmetro dos halos (25 mm) que a Gentamicina (19 mm). Sendo assim, conclui-se que atualmente o potencial antimicrobiano dos extratos isolados é limitado, mas ressalta-se a importância de fomentar pesquisas a partir dos resultados obtidos de inibição, pois talvez se tornem uma alternativa de sinergismo junto a antibióticos como a Vancomicina que já apresenta baixa sensibilidade frente ao S. aureus.
Dynamic Surveillance of Mosquitoes and Their Viromes in Wuhan During 2020
Authors: Ren Nanjie , Wang Shunlong , Shi Chenyan , Yu Ping , Zhao Lu , Huang Doudou , Ma Haixia , Xiao Shuqi , Wang Fei , Yuan Zhiming , Xia Han
Published: September 2021

Objective:

Mosquitoes are medically important arthropod vectors that harbor a variety of viruses. Geography and climate are known to be associated with variations in mosquito density, species and viromes. Our study investigated the dynamic changes in mosquito populations, species compositions and viromes in a regularly disinfected environment in Wuhan, China, during 2020.

Methods:

Traps were set in different mosquito habitats, including an urban residential area, two hospitals, a scenic area and a pig farm in a rural region between April and October of 2020. The collected mosquitoes were subjected to morphological identification, RT-qPCR and metagenomic sequencing.

Results:

A total of 2345 adult mosquitoes were collected. Culex mosquitoes were dominant in both urban regions (90.32%, 1538/1703) and the pig farm (54.98%, 353/642). In RT-qPCR screening, the prevalence of Banna virus was 15% and 3% in mosquitoes from the urban area and the pig farm, respectively, whereas no Japanese encephalitis virus was detected. Culex viromes showed dynamic changes during the collection period. Several mosquito-specific viruses, such as Culex flavivirus, Alphamesonivirus 1, Hubei mosquito virus 2 and Hubei mosquito virus 4, showed seasonal changes and unimodal increases or declines. Other mosquito-specific viruses, such as Wuhan mosquito virus 6, Hubei virga-like virus 2 and Zhejiang mosquito virus 3, were stable in all collected Culex and are potential members of the core viromes.

Conclusion:

This study improves understanding of the dynamic composition of mosquito species and the viromes that they carry, and provides useful information for guiding mosquito control and mosquito-borne disease prevention strategies.
Blood Analysis of LaboratoryMacaca mulattaUsed for Neuroscience Research: Investigation of Long-Term and Cumulative Effects of Implants, Fluid Control, and Laboratory Procedures
Authors: Wegener Detlef , Oh (胡箪棋) Dan Qi Priscilla , Lukaß Herbert , Böer Michael , Kreiter Andreas K.
Published: September 2021

The nonhuman primate (NHP) constitutes an extraordinarily important model in neuroscience research for understanding the neuronal underpinnings of perceptual, motor, cognitive, and executive functions of the primate brain, and to study the physiological causes, effects, and potential treatments of brain disorders. Because of their cognitive capabilities, NHPs receive special attention in animal welfare regulations around the world, and their well-being is a benchmark for the evaluation, monitoring, and refinement of experimental procedures. As a consequence, many typical neuroscientific procedures are considered only mildly severe by animal welfare boards. There is, however, an ongoing debate about possible long-term and cumulative effects. Because of a lack of longitudinal data, it is unclear whether mildly severe procedures may cause more significant harm on the long-term, and to what extent they may impact animal well-being and healthiness over time. We here make use of a database of blood samples drawn over a period of 15 years from 39 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to address the issue of long-term, cumulative effects of neuroscientific procedures. A careful analysis of indicative primate blood markers for chronic inflammation, hydration status, and stress levels, their comparison to baseline values from both the same animals and the literature, and evaluation of additional hematologic, physiological, and behavioral parameters did not provide support for the notion of long-term, cumulative effects on the monkeys’ healthiness and well-being. The results may serve the community as a reference for the severity assessment of neuroscientific experiments involving NHPs.
Citing the Story
Authors: Levitt Linda
Published: September 2021

This essay draws on excerpts from published obituaries, interviews, and news stories to argue that the AIDS crisis led to practices modeling a good death that have since been put in practice more broadly.
Against Constraint
Authors: Wieland Lillian , Ruth Amanda , Mahoney Daniel P.
Published: September 2021

We often wonder whether the death of a loved one is “good” or “bad.” But framing a death as “good” or “bad” carries baggage from intuitions around well-being. By focusing on this dichotomy of well-being, we lose the opportunity to make meaning and instead generate burdens for those facing death. By examining various well-being theories, we claim that a well-being focus unjustly universalizes and moralizes the liminal experience of death. A meaning-making approach, on the other hand, allows suffering, life, and death to become transformational in positive ways while also promoting patient inclusion in conversations about the end of life.
The Fall of Vannevar Bush
Authors: Miri Johnny
Published: September 2021

Vannevar Bush was at the forefront of American research policy during World War II, but he suffered a steep fall after the war, and by 1948 had left government service altogether. What motivated such a significant loss of influence? Drawing on previously unexamined sources, this article traces the causes of Bush’s decline in authority to his loss of powerful allies, particularly with the death of Franklin Roosevelt and the retirement of Henry Stimson; to his long-standing feuds with military leaders; and to several political missteps on Bush’s part that alienated figures in Congress and elsewhere. Continued examples of personal conflict in the postwar period not only impacted Bush’s career, but also shaped the structure of the resulting institutions that emerged to fund Cold War–era science. Rather than an abrupt change occurring immediately after the war, the postwar transition to public institutions was both gradual and influenced by the personal networks that preceded it. Bush’s quiet departure from government was tied to the emergence of military dominance in American research, largely at the expense of civilian scientific leaders. Such a shift in control of research policy had a dramatic effect on resulting postwar initiatives, closely connecting scientific advancements to national security.
Nocebo effects in the treatment of endometriosis
Authors: Thiel Peter , Burke Matthew J , Bridge-Cook Philippa , Leonardi Mathew
Published: September 2021

The current approach to treating endometriosis is often inadequate or intolerable for many patients. Until more effective therapies are available, we should aim to maximize the effectiveness of our current options. Optimization may be possible by reducing nocebo effects, which are the negative therapeutic effects not directly caused by a treatment. Awareness of these effects, how they arise, and the factors influencing them, is invaluable if we aim to limit their magnitude. The unique nature of endometriosis diagnosis and management is especially prone to nocebo effects due to multiple factors, including diagnostic delays, feelings of invalidation, social transmission of expectations, and persistent symptoms despite numerous treatments. This commentary discusses the origins of these effects in people with endometriosis, methods of limiting nocebo effects, and future research directions.

Lay summary

The term ‘nocebo’ describes the undesirable effects of a medication or treatment that patients may experience which are not directly caused by the treatment (e.g. tiredness from a sugar pill). These arise from pre-existing expectations toward a treatment and are influenced by multiple external factors, including past experiences, online media, personal beliefs, and personality factors. Endometriosis is a disease characterized by cells like those from the inside of the uterus growing outside of the uterus. The complex nature of endometriosis diagnosis and management creates an environment where nocebo effects may affect treatment outcomes. We may be able to limit nocebo effects through awareness and simple actions that strengthen patient–doctor relationships. Effective therapeutic relationships with doctors are crucial in limiting negative expectations and are established through empathy, honesty, and support. Therapeutic relationships built on trust may allow healthcare providers to address negative expectations, nocebo effects, and the misinformation affecting endometriosis management.
Das WiSt-Jubiläumsfragespiel: 19 aus 71
Authors: Lingenfelder Michael
Published: September 2021

1971 wurde die Zeitschrift WiSt von den Herausgebern Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Erwin Dichtl und Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Otmar Issing ins Leben gerufen.In unserer Serie beantworten Autorinnen und Autoren der Zeitschrift 19 Fragen aus 71. Warum gerade 19 aus 71? Die Zahlen sind an das Jahr 1971 angelehnt. Für den Fragebogen haben wir uns unter anderem den „Proust´schen Fragebogen“ zum Vorbild genommen. Ursprünglich ist dieser ein beliebtes Gesellschaftsspiel, das einen fast unendlichen Spielraum von Antwortmöglichkeiten gibt: Die Person kann alles über sich preisgeben oder ein Rätsel bleiben. Gedacht ist es als ein Spiel, ein launiger Zeitvertreib, um einen kurzen, persönlichen Blick hinter den offiziellen Autorenlebenslauf zu werfen und unsere Autorinnen und Autoren etwas näher kennenzulernen.Aus 71 Fragen wählen wir für jeden Teilnehmer zufällig 19 Fragen aus. Von diesen können die Autorinnen und Autoren insgesamt fünf Fragen mit solchen aus dem Pool der übrigen 52 Fragen austauschen. Der vollständige Fragenkatalog ist auf unserer Homepage abrufbar. In diesem Heft fragen wir Prof. Dr. Michael Lingenfelder.
ARQUEOLOGÍA EN LOS GRANDES EVENTOS DE OCIO EDUCATIVO
Authors: Fernández de la Peña Francisco Javier , Castañeda Clemente Nuria
Published: September 2021

Durante las ediciones de 2016 y 2017, Dibujantes de Arqueología participó en Juvenalia, feria emblemática del ocio educativo infantil y juvenil, desarrollando diferentes talleres arqueológicos. Este tipo de eventos masivos tienen ventajas e inconvenientes a los que se debe adaptar el diseño de las actividades pedagógicas. En este trabajo se analizan algunas de estas dificultades. También se analiza el impacto que estos talleres han tenido en redes sociales y medios de comunicación.