bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modulações em português de imagens, experiências e estesias orientais: revisão das razões do fascínio de alguma dicção poética chinesa e japonesa como utopia da poesia
Authors: Borges Vera
Published: December 2022

Resumo O fascínio do Ocidente pela dicção poética oriental está atestado em várias latitudes e línguas, e resultou numa profícua produção na área da poesia. Sabe-se que a reinvenção da poesia chinesa da autoria de Pound, em grande medida na origem da sua proposta de revolução do idioma poético, nas primeiras décadas do séc. XX, assentou, na verdade, numa falácia; numa concepção errada da natureza da escrita chinesa (e japonesa) como essencialmente pictográfica e ideogramática, na base de propriedades expressivas reconhecidas na poesia que resultariam numa particular eficácia na apreensão e tradução do real. Pessanha enaltece, em termos similares aos da exaltação poundiana, a escrita da poesia chinesa clássica. Interessa-nos rever alguns inventários dos traços da dicção poética chinesa e japonesa que explicam que ela seja tomada como metonímia e metáfora da poesia, ou como meta e utopia da poesia, para perceber o que terá levado autores muito díspares a tentar a mão nos haikus, processo em que sondaremos algumas formulações poéticas em língua portuguesa. Consideramos também que esse fascínio por uma (sonhada) origem da dicção poética, quando cruzada com o habitar (não metafórico, neste caso) do pequenino enclave de Macau, de autores que nele lançaram raízes, resultou em alguns exercícios poéticos particularmente felizes e singulares. Serão trazidos à colação nesta abordagem poemas de Eugénio de Andrade, Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen, José Tolentino Mendonça, Yao Feng, Fernanda Dias e Fernando Sales Lopes.
Cytotoxicity of iodine-131 radiopharmaceutical in tumor and non-tumor human cells and radioprotection by integral juices of Vitis labrusca L.
Authors: Lopes N. B. , Almeida I. V. , Lucchetta L. , Düsman E. , Vicentini V. E. P.
Published: December 2022

Abstract Iodine-131 (I-131) radioisotope it causes the formation of free radicals, which lead to the formation of cell lesions and the reduction of cell viability. Thus, the use of radioprotectors, especially those from natural sources, which reduce the effects of radiation to healthy tissues, while maintaining the sensitivity of tumor cells, stands out. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cytoprotective/radioprotective effects of whole grape juices manufactured from the conventional or organic production systems, whether or not exposed to ultraviolet (UV-C) light irradiation. The results showed that I-131 presented a cytotoxic effect on human hepatocellular cells (HepG2/C3A) at concentrations above 1.85 MBq/mL, after 24 and 48 hours of treatment, though all concentrations (0.0037 to 7.40 MBq/mL) were cytotoxic to non-tumor human lung fibroblast (MCR-5) cells, after 48 hours. However, grape juices (10 and 20 µL/mL) did not interfere with the cytotoxic effect of the therapeutic dose of I-131 on tumor cells within 48 hours of treatment, while protecting the non-tumor cells, probably due to its high antioxidant activity. In accordance with their nutraceutical potential, antioxidant and radioprotective activity, these data stimulate in vivo studies on the use of natural products as radioprotectants, such as grape juice, in order to confirm the positive beneficial potential in living organisms.
An insight on the complete chloroplast genome of Gomphocarpus siniacus and Duvalia velutina, Asclepiadoideae (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Alzahrani D. A. , Abba A. , Yaradua S. S. , Albokhari E. J.
Published: December 2022

Abstract We studied the complete chloroplast genome of Gomphocarpus siniacus and Duvalia velutina from Asclepiadoideae subfamily; due to their medicinal importance and distribution worldwide their interest became high. In this study we analyzed the complete chloroplast genomes of G. siniacus and D. velutina using Illumina sequencing technology. The sequences were compared with the other species from Apocynaceae family. The complete genome of G. siniacus is 162,570 bp while D. velutina has154, 478 bp in length. Both genomes consist of 119 genes; encode 31 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Comparative studies of the two genomes showed variations in SSR markers in which G. siniacus possesses 223 while D. velutina has 186. This could be used for barcoding in order to aid in easy identification of the species. Phylogenetic analysis on the other hand reaffirms the tribal position of G. siniacus in Asclepiadeae and D. velutina in Ceropegieae. These findings could be used in subsequent research studies of angiosperms identification, genetic engineering, herb genomics and phylogenomic studies of Apocynaceae family.
An investigation on protein and amino acid contents in scales and muscles of pomfret Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1795) and Pampus argenteus (Eupharasen, 1788)
Authors: Razzaq W. , Masood Z. , Hassan H. U. , Benzer S. , Nadeem K. , Arai T.
Published: December 2022

Abstract The present investigation was aimed to examine the percentage quantity of protein and amino acids in scales and muscles of Pampus argenteus and Parastromateus niger gathered from the local fish market of district Quetta of Balochistan. About 80 specimens of these two species, i.e., Pampus argenteus (N=40) and Parastromateus niger (N = 40), were collected from April 2017 to May 2018. In general, crude protein content was high in scales, that is, 71.03% in Parastromateus niger and 52.11% in Pampus argenteus, as well as in muscles of two Pomfret species of fishes i.e., 63.44% in Pampus argenteus and 60.99% in Parastromateus niger on a dry-weight basis, respectively. Likewise, the muscles and scales of Parastromateus niger reveal well compositions of amino acids that include proline was found to be high, and methionine was less than other amino acids, whereas threonine was found high in the scales of Pampus argenteus, but methionine was observed in lesser amount. However, the amino acids found in Pampus argenteus muscles also showed different compositions, such as lysine was found to be high, but histidine was less, respectively. In comparison, amino acids like tryptophan and cysteine were not detected in both scales and muscles of thesePomfret species of fishes. Thus, this study was based on analyzing the utilization of both Pomfret species of scales and meat whether they could have values as good supplements of both protein and certain kinds of essential amino acids in animal diets.
Investigation of the potential anti-urolithiatic activity of Alhagi maurorum (Boiss.) grown wild in Al-Ahsa (Eastern Province), Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ammar Rebai Ben , Khalifa Ashraf , Alamer Sarah Abdulaziz , Hussain Seyed Ghazanfar , Hafez Aly M. , Rajendran Peramaiyan
Published: December 2022

Abstract The potential of Alhagi maurorum (Boiss.) aqueous extract (AME), used in traditional medicine for treatment or prevention of urolithiasis, to dissolve calcium oxalate stones in vitro was evaluated. In order to determine the litholytic potential of the extract, Calcium oxalate urinary stones were incubated during 12 weeks under continuous shaking in the presence of AME, Rowanix or NaCl 9 g/mL solution were used as controls. After the incubation period, the residual weight of the treated calculi was determined and the rate of dissolution was calculated. The medium pH variation was measured and changes in the calcium oxalate crystals at the stone surface were assessed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed a significant dissolution effect for the extract on the kidney calculi during the experimentation period. At the end of the experiment, the percentages of calculi weight decrease were 41.23, 4.97 and 55.67% for the extract, NaCl solution and Rowanix, respectively. Gas Chromatography analysis revealed mainly the presence of the following phyto-compounds: Cyclopropenone, 2,3-diphenyl; 1-Nonadecanol; methyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside; cis-9-Hexadecenal. These compounds unarguably play crucial roles in the health care system especially in cancer treatment and many other diseases including urolithiasis. The urinary stone dissolution, independent of medium pH, could be attributed to formation of complexes between the phytochemical compounds in the extract and the calculi.
Microorganisms from corn stigma with biocontrol potential of Fusarium verticillioides
Authors: Diniz G. F. D. , Figueiredo J. E. F. , Lana U. G. P. , Marins M. S. , Silva D. D. , Cota L. V. , Marriel I. E. , Oliveira-Paiva C. A.
Published: December 2022

Abstract The mycotoxigenic fungus Fusarium verticillioides is the primary maize pathogen and causes the maize stalk and ear rot diseases with significant economic losses. Furthermore, the excessive use of fungicides to control F. verticillioides constitutes threats to the environment and human health. Thus, sustainable alternatives such as biological control are needed to minimize the hazards associated with the current method. Although much is known about the vulnerability of the maize silks as a gateway for several fungal pathogens invading the developing grains, studies on the chemical properties of silk extracts and their resident microbiota are scarce. This study isolated and characterized bacteria and fungi that colonize the maize stigma to assess new potential biocontrol agents. The samples were collected from maize fields in the Brazilian localities of Sete Lagoas-MG, Sidrolândia-MS, Sertaneja-PR, and Goiânia-GO. One hundred sixty-seven microorganisms were isolated, 46% endophytic and 54% epiphytic. First, the antagonist activity was evaluated by the agar disc diffusion method performed in triplicate, and 83% of the isolates showed antagonist activity against F. verticillioides. Then, the 42 most efficient isolates were identified based on the partial sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungi ITS region. The bacteria belong to the genera Bacillus (57.1%), Burkholderia (23.8%), Achromobacter (7.1%), Pseudomonas (2.4%), and Serratia (2.4%), while the fungi are Penicillium (2.4%), Candida (2.4), and Aspergillus (2.4%). The results showed that microorganisms from maize stigma might represent new promising agents for F. verticillioides control.
Acute and sub-acute toxicity study of anti-obesity herbal granules in Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Patel C. , Shukla P. , Pande S. , Punamiya R. , Ranch K. , Boddu S. H. S.
Published: December 2022

Abstract Toxicological studies are essential for developing novel medications in pharmaceutical industries including ayurvedic preparation. Hence, the present study is aimed to evaluate acute and 28-days repeated dose oral toxicity of anti-obesity polyherbal granules (PHG) in Sprague Dawley rats by OECD guidelines No 425 and 407, respectively. In an acute oral toxicity study, a single dose of 2 g/kg PHG was administered to rats and mortality, body weight, and clinical observations were noted for fourteen days. However, in the subacute oral toxicity study, the PHG was administered orally at doses of 0.3, 0.5 and 1 g/kg daily for 28 days to rats. Food intake and body weight were recorded weekly. On the 29th day, rats were sacrificed and subjected to haematological, biochemical, urine, necropsy, and histopathological analysis. In an acute oral toxicity study, no treatment-related, mortality, behavioral changes, and toxicity were found throughout fourteen days. Likewise, in the sub-acute toxicity study, no mortality and toxic effects were found in haematology, biochemical, urine, necropsy and histopathological analysis in rats for 28 days of treatment with PHG. Based on these results, the LD50 of PHG was found to be greater than 2 g/kg and the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of PHG for rats was found to be 0.5 g/kg/day. Thus, anti-obesity polyherbal granules showed a good safety profile in animal studies and can be considered an important agent for the clinical management of obesity.
Culex quinquefasciatus predominance during integrated mosquito surveillance in an urban area of the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Rios F. G. F. , Menezes C. A. , Silva L. R. , Feitoza L. H. M. , Meireles A. C. A. , Julião G. R.
Published: December 2022

Abstract The presence and establishment of Culicidae in urban areas increase the transmissibility of tropical diseases, since some species can participate as vectors of pathogens. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the indoor and outdoor abundance of immature and adult populations of Culicidae at the urban area of Porto Velho, Rondônia. Mosquitoes were captured using electric aspirators and ovitraps in September and December 2018 in 27 households spread over nine neighborhoods. A total of 2,342 specimens were collected, distributed among five species, of which Culex quinquefasciatus (Say, 1823), Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) were the most abundant. Considering the sum total obtained by both techniques, more mosquitoes were captured indoors than outdoors. However, the GLM estimates for the ovitrap technique showed that immature Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Cx. quinquefasciatus were significantly more abundant in the outdoors, on average. The opposite result was observed for electrical aspiration, in which Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus adults were more abundant indoors. The average number of winged Ae. albopictus showed no significant difference between indoors and outdoors. Our findings corroborate the data on the abundance and incidence of these three species in other regions of Brazil, highlighting the need for continuous surveillance due to their importance in disease transmission to humans. We also demonstrated that the ovitrap is a sensitive device to monitor Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae and wild species that occasionally frequent urban areas, and thus can be used for surveillance, especially when there are budgetary constraints. Therefore, we emphasize that the combination of techniques, in addition to identifying which species and which stage of development are more frequent inside and outside households, also allows for the implementation of specific and integrated control measures.
Avaliação do manejo diagnóstico de trombose venosa profunda no departamento de emergência de um hospital terciário em Santa Catarina: um estudo transversal
Authors: Tramujas Lucas , Judice Márcio Mesquita , Becker Angela Bueno
Published: December 2022

Resumo Contexto O tromboembolismo venoso é uma entidade que compreende a trombose venosa profunda e o tromboembolismo pulmonar. Embora os protocolos para diagnóstico dessas doenças estejam bem definidos, evidências têm demonstrado uso inadequado de recursos diagnósticos. Objetivos Definir o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com suspeita de trombose venosa profunda admitidos na emergência, determinar taxas de inadequação nas solicitações de D-dímero e eco-Doppler colorido venoso de membros inferiores e identificar se essas solicitações seguiram as recomendações da diretriz da Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular de 2015. Métodos Estudo observacional transversal que avaliou retrospectivamente 168 pacientes com suspeita de trombose venosa profunda, aos quais foi solicitado D-dímero. Foram mensurados os fatores de risco mais comuns e a probabilidade pré-teste pelo escore de Wells. O perfil epidemiológico desses pacientes, assim como as taxas de inadequação, foram avaliados por meio de uso de estatística descritiva. Resultados Em 55 (32,7%) casos, as solicitações de D-dímero foram inadequadas. Em 14 (8,3%) pacientes com baixa probabilidade no escore de Wells e D-dímero negativo, houve uso desnecessário de eco-Doppler colorido venoso de membros inferiores, sendo que, em 19 (11,3%) daqueles com baixa probabilidade no escore de Wells e D-dímero elevado, não houve complementação diagnóstica. O uso de eco-Doppler colorido venoso foi inadequado em 35 (20,8%) casos. A taxa global de inadequação foi de 53,5%. Conclusões Constataram-se divergências entre a prática clínica e as recomendações propostas para avaliação diagnóstica nos pacientes com suspeita de trombose venosa profunda devido ao uso inadequado de testes diagnósticos.
Reliability and validity of specific quality of life assessment questionnaires related to chronic venous insufficiency: a systematic review
Authors: Almeida Igor Lucas Geraldo Izalino de , Figueiredo Pedro Henrique Scheidt , Silva Whesley Tanor , Mendonça Vanessa Amaral , Lacerda Ana Cristina Rodrigues , Lima Vanessa Pereira , Bastone Alessandra de Carvalho , Costa Henrique Silveira
Published: December 2022

Abstract This systematic review aimed to discuss the main findings regarding the reliability and validity of health-related quality of life questionnaires for chronic venous insufficiency. Searches were performed on the MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, LILACS, and Scopus databases. The search terms used were related to “venous insufficiency”, and “quality of life”. The CIVIQ-20 and CIVIQ-14 instruments had adequate internal consistency and both were able to discriminate disease severity. The VEINES-QoL showed adequate internal consistency but was not able to discriminate disease severity. Most studies did not demonstrate a correlation between VEINES-QoL and the mental component of the SF-36. The AVVQ had inadequate reliability but its validity was also doubtful when compared to the SF-36. The VARIShort demonstrated good internal consistency, reproducibility, and validity, but only the original study was included. For venous leg ulcers, the CCVUQ showed adequate reliability and validity when compared to VLU-QoL.
Factors associated with chronic venous disease: study in 1,136 patients treated for varicose veins of the lower limbs in a specialized clinic
Authors: Correa Posada Martha Ofelia , Contreras Correa Laura Maria , García Vélez John Fernando
Published: December 2022

Abstract Background Varicose veins are a highly prevalent condition in the general population, generating variable reasons for consultation that can alter the patient’s quality of life, with prevalence and associated factors that vary in different series. Objectives To describe the epidemiological profile of patients who consulted for varicose veins by evaluating main symptoms and associated variables. Methods Between 2019 and 2020, 1,136 patients attending vascular surgery consultation in a specialized outpatient center were evaluated. Demographic variables, presented symptoms, complications, and associated factors, such as body mass index, parity and family history, were recorded. Results A total of 1136 patients were evaluated (79.8% women and 20.2% men), with a mean age of 53.51 years. The presence of symptoms was similar in men and women; the most frequent complications were ulcer, varicorrhage, and superficial venous thrombosis. Most patients showed CEAP 1, 2 and 3 (n = 909) and more than half were overweight or obese (n = 679) with a predominance of those classified as C4. Sixty-nine per cent had a positive family history of varicose veins. There was no difference between severity of varicose veins and time working in the standing or sitting position, but there was a greater presence of C5 or C6 ulcer among patients standing for more than 4 hours. Conclusions Describing the characteristics of patients with varicose veins helps to understand the disease and to focus efforts towards those who are more susceptible. The results of this research are similar to those found in other populations.
Factores asociados con la enfermedad venosa crónica: estudio en 1.136 pacientes tratados por várices de miembros inferiores en una clínica especializada en Colombia
Authors: Correa Posada Martha Ofelia , Contreras Correa Laura Maria , García Vélez John Fernando
Published: December 2022

Resumen Contexto Las várices son una condición altamente prevalente en la población general, generando motivos variables de consulta que pueden alterar la calidad de vida del paciente, con prevalencia y factores asociados variando en diferentes series. Objetivos Describir el perfil epidemiológico de pacientes que consultaron por várices, evaluando los principales síntomas y las variables asociadas. Métodos Entre 2019 y 2020, se evaluaron a 1.136 pacientes que asistieron a una consulta de cirugía vascular en un centro ambulatorio especializado. Se registraron variables demográficas, sintomatología, complicaciones y factores asociados, como índice de masa corporal, paridad e historia familiar. Resultados Se evaluaron 1.136 pacientes (79,8% mujeres y 20,2% hombres), con edad media de 53,51 años. La presencia de síntomas fue similar en hombres y mujeres; las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron úlcera, varicorragia y trombosis venosa superficial. La mayoría de los pacientes presentaba CEAP 1, 2 o 3 (n = 909), y más de la mitad tenía sobrepeso u obesidad (n = 679), con predominancia de los clasificados como C4. Sesenta y nueve por ciento tenían historia familiar positiva de várices. No hubo diferencia entre la severidad de las varices y el tiempo laborado de pies o sentado, pero hubo mayor presencia de úlcera C5 o C6 en pacientes que permanecían de pies por más de 4 horas. Conclusiones La descripción de las características de la población con várices ayuda a entender la enfermedad y a concentrar los esfuerzos en aquellos más susceptibles. Los resultados de esta investigación son semejantes a los de otras poblaciones.
Financial efficiency in the confinement system for beef cattle
Authors: Soares L.O. , Nogueira C.H. , Jayme C.G. , Almeida P.F.S.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT The beef cattle breeding system in Brazil has been growing more and more in the history of animal production, leading the country to fit into the world scenario as the main exporter of beef. Seeking to increase this efficiency, the objective of this paper is to evaluate factors that affect the confinement of beef cattle, influencing the Profitability and Return of the system, to define values that maximize them. To do so, a database was used. It consisted of the observation of 1961 animals, collected in the commercial confinement of Fazenda Bragança, in the city of Lucas do Rio Verde - MT. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression models, in which the financial gain, Profitability and Return variables were explained by the variables: race, entry weight and days in confinement, selected by the stepwise method. Based on the results, there is greater financial efficiency for animals that enter the feedlot with greater weight and that remain for 163 days. It is concluded that the entry weight and days in confinement significantly influence the financial efficiency, allowing the adjusted equations to help producers in making decisions regarding the formation of lots and, mainly, in the purchase of animals.
The prosodization of derived words in Brazilian Portuguese: Joining perspectives
Authors: Schwindt Luiz Carlos , Bisol Leda
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT This paper revisits and extends the debate on the prosodic status of affixed words in Brazilian Portuguese within the Optimality Theory framework, especially based on Selkirk (1996) and Itô & Mester (2008)’s proposals, according to which violable universal constraints are responsible for mapping grammatical and prosodic structures at the expense of a possible disobedience to certain principles of the prosodic hierarchy. Starting from a review of the literature on the topic, we bring together ideas from our previous studies (Bisol, 2000, 2004, 2007; Schwindt, 2001, 2008, 2013) to argue that affixed words in Brazilian Portuguese are subject to three types of prosodization - composition, adjunction and incorporation - prefixes being subject to all three, while suffixes only to incorporation and composition, not to adjunction. In contrast, clitics are characterized as structures labeled as attached to their hosts. The evidence comes especially from the diagnostics of stress assignment, but also from other word domain processes. Based on this description, we problematize some consequences of this typology for the organization of the prosodic hierarchy and its effects on morphological transparency by defending a continuum that goes from composite to incorporated structures.
Task effect on L2 rhythm production by Cantonese learners of Portuguese
Authors: Sun Yuqi , Zhang Cong
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT This study examines L2 Portuguese speech produced by eight native Cantonese speakers from Macao, China. The aims of this study are to investigate (1) whether the speech rhythm in L2 Portuguese is more source-like (more similar to Cantonese) or more target-like (more similar to Portuguese), and (2) whether L2 speech rhythm differs across three different tasks: a reading task, a retelling task, and an interpreting task. Seven rhythm metrics, i.e., %V, ΔC, ΔV, VarcoC, VarcoV, rPVI_C, and nPVI_V, were adopted for comparison and investigation. The results showed that L2 Portuguese rhythm produced by Cantonese speakers differed from L1 Portuguese speakers’ rhythm. R-deletion and vowel epenthesis were the reasons for the variabilities and instabilities of L2 Portuguese production by Cantonese learners, as they affect the duration and the number of vowel intervals and consonantal intervals. Moreover, in Cantonese learners’ L2 Portuguese production, the semi-spontaneous tasks (retelling and interpreting) presented a significant difference from the reading task. The driving force for such a difference was the cognitive load behind the tasks.
Speech temporal organization in three basal ganglia-related neurological conditions
Authors: Machado Thais Helena , Bertolino Ana Cláudia Pereira , Pereira Leandro , Cardoso Francisco E. C. , Rothe-Neves Rui
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT Basal ganglia participate in neural networks that control voluntary body movements, including speech. Diseases that affect the function of these structures can generate abnormal hypokinetic or hyperkinetic movements, influencing speech motor control. How does prosodic temporal organization vary in dysarthria due to Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and Sydenham’s chorea (SC)? Three clinical groups (PD with and without medication, HD, and SC) of 15 participants and a control group (n = 18) read a text aloud. Speech fluency measures were related to syntactic boundaries within the text. There was no correlation between global motor scales and temporal parameters of speech. There were correlations between syntactic limits and the duration of pauses in all groups. Only the HD results differed from the other clinical and control groups. Clinical groups are slower to produce speech but preserve the syntactic function of prosody at different levels. Basal nuclei dysfunction appears to affect all clinical groups, regardless of etiology.
South American Sea Lions Otaria flavescens, a good indicator of relative spatial and temporal changes in the distribution and abundance of marine resources?
Authors: Harrington Ana , Daneri Gustavo A. , Varela Esperanza A. , Volpedo Alejandra V.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT. Oceanographic fluctuations and changes in ocean productivity directly affect the abundance and distribution of prey species, which in turn, affect the population status of their predators. In order to have a better understanding of this predator-prey relationship, the aim of the present study was to analyze the diet of the South American Sea Lion Otaria flavescens (Shaw, 1800) in two rookeries of the San Matias Gulf, in northern Patagonia (Argentina). A total of 52 scat samples of O. flavescens were collected in the Promontorio Belén colony and 35 in Caleta de los Loros during the late spring of 2011. The analysis of the samples indicated that at both localities fish occurred in 100% of scats with prey remains, followed by cephalopods (32.3%) and crustaceans (21.4%). The fish Raneya brasiliensis (Kaup, 1856) constituted the main prey taxon, both in terms of occurrence and numerical abundance. The octopod Octopus tehuelchus (d’ Orbigny, 1834) and squids of the genus Doryteuthis constituted the dominant cephalopod prey. It is concluded that sea lions focused their foraging activity on those species of demersal and benthic habits, associated with coastal and shelf waters. Furthermore, this study reports for the first time the feeding habits of the South American Sea Lion colony of Promontorio Belén, second in population size of Río Negro province.
Effects of low-intensity cattle ranching on amphibians in the Ñeembucú Wetland Complex, Paraguay
Authors: Armstrong Kat , Hicks George , Smith Rebecca L.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT Cattle in wetlands impact water quality through waste excretion, which deposits excess nutrients, as well as decreasing the biomass and height of vegetation through trampling and herbivory. Amphibians are sensitive to these changes due to their porous skin and reliance on vegetated microhabitats. Previous studies examining the effect of cattle on amphibians in wetlands report conflicting results, exemplifying the need to avoid overgeneralizations and instead examine specific environments. In the Ñeembucú Wetland Complex in Paraguay, low-intensity cattle ranching is a common practice. This study seeks to understand how the presence of cattle in these operations impacts water chemistry and amphibian species richness, as well as determining which cattle effects (eutrophication, nutrient loading, and decreased vegetation height diversity) have the greatest impact on amphibian communities. We anticipated that increased cattle presence would negatively impact wetland condition, and consequentially lower amphibian species richness. Data was collected over seven weeks at Estancia Santa Ana, a low-intensity cattle ranch in Pilar, Paraguay. Cattle presence was measured through cow footprints and feces densities, while a vegetation survey and water quality testing (nitrate, phosphate, and dissolved oxygen) served as environmental metrics. Pitfall trapping was used to gather information on amphibian species richness and community composition. A Pearson parametric correlation test and Factor Analysis of Mixed Data in R were then used to understand the relationship between variables. Very few statistically relationships were found between variables, and those that existed showed a very weak correlation. This suggests that cow presence does not have as strong of an impact on water quality or amphibian species richness as expected. Terrestrial and aquatic vegetation were found to explain much of the variation among the data, which verifies the importance of amphibians’ microhabitats. While future research comparing generalist and specialist species in the area is necessary, these initial results suggest a hopeful future for collaboration on environmental efforts with low-intensity cattle ranchers.
Elección presidencial a tres vueltas: efectos de las primarias abiertas, simultáneas y obligatorias en Argentina y Uruguay
Authors: Buquet Daniel , Gallo Ariadna
Published: December 2022

Se analizan las elecciones primarias presidenciales – abiertas, simultáneas y obligatorias para los partidos políticos – en Uruguay y Argentina. A pesar de su similitud, ambos sistemas ofrecen algunas diferencias: i) el voto es obligatorio en Argentina y voluntario en Uruguay; ii) en Argentina compiten fórmulas completas (presidente y vice) y en Uruguay sólo se compite por la candidatura presidencial. Con un enfoque neo-institucionalista y analizando los resultados de las primarias, la investigación muestra que estas diferencias en las reglas generan consecuencias muy diferentes. En Uruguay promueven la competencia interna e incentivan la diversidad de opciones dentro y entre los partidos. En Argentina el sistema desincentiva la competencia y promueve la coordinación de la elite desde el principio del proceso, concentrando la oferta y ordenando las preferencias en dos grandes bloques.
Management for grain sorghum cultivation under saline water irrigation
Authors: Guimarães Miguel J. M. , Simões Welson L. , Salviano Alessandra M. , Oliveira Anderson R. de , Silva Jucicléia S. da , Barros Juliane R. A. , Willadino Lilia
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT In order to obtain an efficient cultivation of grain sorghum in production systems that use saline water, an adequate management becomes necessary for maximizing its production. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the application of leaching fractions in the saline water irrigation management on the production of sorghum varieties and on the distribution of water and salts in the soil profile, under semiarid conditions. The study was carried out in the municipality of Petrolina, semiarid region of Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four replicates, in split-split plots; four leaching fractions (LF): 0, 5, 10, and 15% with saline water from artesian well in the plots, three varieties of grain sorghum: 1011-IPA, 2502-IPA and Ponta Negra in the subplots, and two crop cycles (1st and 2nd cut) in the sub-subplots. The evaluated variables were distribution of water and salts in the soil profile, biometric variables, fresh biomass, dry biomass, and grain yield. Application of leaching fractions of up 15% in saline water irrigation promotes better distribution of salts in the soil profile, with increments of up to 60% in the grain yield of the sorghum varieties evaluated. The production of the varieties 1011-IPA and Ponta Negra is a feasible alternative in systems irrigated with saline water with average electrical conductivity of 4.19 dS m-1, in Ultisol, under semiarid conditions.
Germination and vigor of soybean genotypes seeds under saline stress
Authors: Alves Francisco A. T. , Lins Hamurábi A. , Albuquerque José R. T. de , Paiva Emanoela P. de , Oliveira Francisco de A. de , Silveira Lindomar M. da , Mendonça Vander , Barros Júnior Aurélio P.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT Soybean stands out among the crops with the greatest application of transgenics, mainly for tolerance to herbicides, pests, and diseases; however, studies on salt stress in genetically modified plants are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of both traditional and genetically modified soybean genotypes to saline stress during the germination and seedling phases. Seeds of 13 soybean genotypes were selected (five traditional (BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, BRS Sambaíba, and FTR-4389) and eight transgenic (BRS Sambaíba RR, BRS-333-RR, BRS-9820- RR, PAS-13565-74-RR, PAS-11711-007-RR, BRS-918-IPRO, AS-3810-IPRO, and M-8210-IPRO)), subjected to four osmotic potentials (0.0, 0.1, -0.2, and -0.3 MPa). The seed quality was evaluated using the following variables: the germination percentage, germination speed index, shoot length, root length, dry mass accumulation, and salinity tolerance index. All variables were found to be affected by salt stress. However, the conventional genotypes, BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, and BRS Sambaíba, and the RR group PAS-13565-74-RR, and PAS-11711-007-RR were tolerant to salinity, whereas the genotypes FTR-4389 (conventional) and BRS Sambaíba RR (RR) were less tolerant to salt stress, and all genotypes in the IPRO group were moderately tolerant to salt stress.
Use of hydrogen peroxide in acclimatization of melon to salinity of irrigation water
Authors: Pereira Francisco H. F. , Santos Gisele L. dos , Lacerda Francisco H. D. de , Sousa Diogenes D. A. de , Sousa Valéria F. de O. , Fernandes Joyce E. de M. , Silva Silvana F. da , Barboza Jonathan B.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT In the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, soil and climate conditions can increase the risk of soil salinization, particularly when poor-quality water is used for irrigation. Therefore, techniques that improve the yields of melon culture under adverse conditions, such as salinity, are of great relevance to the production sector. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in acclimatizing melon trees subjected to irrigation water with different salinity levels. The treatments consisted of irrigation water with two electrical conductivities (0.3 and 5.0 dS m-1) and four concentrations of H2O2 (0, 5, 10, and 15 µmol L-1). The experimental design used was randomized blocks, arranged in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme, with four replicates and four plants per plot. Increase in salinity of irrigation water reduced the growth, gas exchange, and production of melon plants. However, H2O2, at a concentration of 6.35 µmol L-1, yielded improvements in physiology, growth, and production, in addition to reducing the deleterious effects of saline stress on melon production.
Economic gains using organic P source and inoculation with P-solubilizing bacteria in sugarcane
Authors: Silva Antonio M. M. , Pimenta Lucas S. , Qi Xue , J. B. N. Cardoso Elke
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT Biological agribusiness has grown substantially worldwide and requires efficient strategies to maintain or increase crop production. However, little is known about the real economic gains associated with belowground mechanisms in agriculture, including those of traditional crops such as sugarcane. This study aimed to identify potential microbiological indicators related to yield increase and value the soil microbiological services through the development of a structural equation model (SEM). The SEM was constructed based on a dataset from a previous sugarcane field experiment in which the effects of inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and the input of organomineral fertilizer were evaluated. The SEM indicated that the β-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase activities were potential indicators of yield increases in four scenarios (current, plausible, optimistic, and futuristic). Increases of 158 and 195 t ha-1 were projected based on the β-glucosidase activity for the current and plausible scenarios, respectively. These increases resulted in economic gains of R$ 453.02 ha-1 (US$ 86.07 ha-1) for the current scenario, and R$ 1,571.53 ha-1 (US$ 298.59 ha-1) for the plausible scenario, considering the exchange rate from February 2022 (R$ 0.19 US$-1). Regardless of the scenario, bacterial inoculation was associated with increased β-glucosidase or alkaline phosphatase activity and higher yields, which translates into economic gains for sugarcane farmers.
Plant density and leaf morphology affects yield, fiber quality, and nutrition of cotton
Authors: Cordeiro Carlos F. dos S. , Echer Fábio R. , Rodrigues Daniel R.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT In sandy soils with frequent drought events, the choice of cultivar and plant density is crucial to improve water use efficiency and avoid losses in cotton yield and fiber quality. This study aimed to evaluate cotton cultivars’ yield and fiber quality at different plant densities. The study was carried out during two growing seasons (2017/2018 and 2018/2019) on sandy soil in southeastern Brazil. The cultivar TMG 47B2RF showed 27 and 29% higher yields under low and medium plant density, respectively, when compared with the highest plant density. The higher yield was due to the higher number of bolls in relation to the cultivar DBB 509B2RF. The boll weight of cultivar DBB 509B2RF was 23 and 22% higher under low and medium plant density, respectively. Fiber length and strength were higher in TMG 47B2RF compared to DBB 509B2RF. The leaf nutrient content was higher in DBB 509B2RF, except for Ca and Mg. When there is a regular rainfall, the low plant density results in higher yields, but intermediate plant density is the best option in cropping seasons with severe drought. The high density of plants in sandy soil environments was never a better option for none of the cultivars.
Hemochromatosis-like disease in Brazilian tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) in Pará state, Brazil
Authors: LIMA Adrielli Heloise dos Anjos , NETO Américo Meirelles , CARDOSO Rosekelly de Jesus , SARMENTO Natalia Maxine F. P. , OLIVEIRA Arieli Sousa de , MOURA Márcio Alan Oliveira , GONZALEZ Gerson Bladimir Escobar , RIET-CORREA Gabriela , SOARES Manoel Ananis Lopes , BEZERRA JUNIOR Pedro Soares , AMARAL Alessandra Scofield , CERQUEIRA Valíria Duarte
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT We report two cases of hemochromatosis-like disease in captive Brazilian tapirs, Tapirus terrestris in Pará state, Brazil. Both animals presented symptoms of chronic hepatopathy associated with marked accumulation of hemosiderin. The coloration of Perls demonstrated pronounced iron accumulation in macrophages in the portal space, Kupffer cells, and, to a lesser extent, in the hepatocytes of the periportal region. Marked portal fibrosis was evidenced by Masson’s trichrome. The pathological mechanisms of this disease in tapirs are not yet well established. It has been suggested that the species may have different mechanisms of iron absorption and elimination, rendering them sensitive to elevation in dietary levels of this metal. Two previous reports of this disease in T. terrestris exist from zoos in Australia and Scotland. This is the first report of this disease in tapirs in Brazil based on histopathological and histochemical findings.
Sampling techniques and environmental variables influence the distribution of pseudoscorpions in urban forest fragments in the central Amazon
Authors: ARAÚJO Juliana Souza , SOUZA Jorge Luiz Pereira
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT The growth of urban landscapes has genarally reduced biodiversity worldwide. Invertebrates have explored different environments, and it usually takes different sampling techniques to get a representative sample of the species assemblage in a given location. Some studies have sought to determine the minimum necessary number of sampling techniques, including ecological relationships or costs to guide the sampling protocol. In the Amazon, the effect of soil characteristics on invertebrate distribution is well known. We evaluated if sampling techniques have a complementary effect on the detection of pseudoscorpion assemblages and tested whether environmental variables affect the distribution of pseudoscorpion species. The study sites were two urban forest fragments in the city of Manaus, in the central Amazon. In each fragment, we sampled 20 palm trees using the beating technique, and installed transects with 12 sampling points for collection of soil and litter samples for extraction of arthropods in a Berlese funnel and a Winkler extractor, respectively. We collected 267 individuals of 11 species of pseudoscorpions. Most records were obtained through the Winkler extraction in both fragments. The assemblage from the palm trees was different from that in the edaphic samples. Pseudoscorpion species composition also differed significantly between soil and litter, and was influenced by potassium concentration. The number of species in the fragments and the environmental effect on the distribution of pseudoscorpions was similar to that recorded in environmental protection areas, evidencing that urban forest fragments can serve as an efficient repository of Amazonian pseudoscorpion biodiversity.
First record of Ereymatermes rotundiceps (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) as inquiline of Embiratermes neotenicus (Termitidae: Syntermitinae) in the Colombian Amazon
Authors: DURAN-BAUTISTA Ervin Humprey , BERMUDEZ María Fernanda , CELIS-DAZA Fernando
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT We report, for the first time, the presence of the termite Ereymatermes rotundiceps Constantino, 1991 as an inquiline of the termite Embiratermes neotenicus (Holmgren, 1906) in the Colombian Amazon, and provide new morphometric information on the species. Soldiers of E. rotundiceps were collected in epigeal nests built by E. neotenicus in pastures during the transition from the dry to the rainy season. The association between host and inquiline termites does not seem to be antagonistic, but the relationship between these two species still needs to be clarified.
Opportunities for GHG Emission Reductions in the Brazilian Graphic Industry Through a Mitigation Plan
Authors: Caldeira Rafael da Silva , Souza Simone Lorena Quiterio de , Martins Eduardo Monteiro , Corrêa Sergio Machado
Published: December 2022

Abstract The Graphics Industry has existed for many years and its operations include digital printing services, visual communication, packaging supplies and advertising materials, while being involved in the trade of goods and services worldwide. This unprecedented study presents the quantification of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from a printing industry in Brazil over the three years 2016, 2017 and 2018. From the results of these three years, the base year was defined as the reference for analyzing the results of a GHGs mitigation plan. The simulated Mitigation Plan foresees a potential reduction of up to 50.3 % of these emissions. The methodology follows the recommendations of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The work aims to encourage the study of opportunities for a low-carbon economy and production, to improve performance in good sustainability practices in the face of environmental demands to contain the intensification of the greenhouse effect and global warming.
Práticas de Sustentabilidade, Desempenho e Competitividade na Gestão da Indústria Moveleira Exportadora
Authors: Johann Gabriela Bertoletti , Silva Givanildo , Mazzioni Sady , Casagrande Rodrigo Moreira
Published: December 2022

Resumo A crescente preocupação dos stakeholders com a sustentabilidade motiva as empresas a adotar práticas que minimizem suas externalidades negativas. O objetivo do artigo é investigar o impacto da adoção de práticas de sustentabilidade no desempenho e na competitividade de indústrias brasileiras do setor moveleiro. Como práticas de sustentabilidade foram consideradas variáveis de gestão ambiental, práticas operacionais, práticas sociais para funcionários e para a comunidade. Os resultados indicaram relação positiva das práticas operacionais e sociais com o desempenho em sustentabilidade e com a competitividade. Contudo, tal comportamento não foi verificado para as práticas ambientais. O estudo evidencia como cada dimensão da sustentabilidade influencia no desempenho, motivando gestores para investir em práticas socioambientais, contribuindo para uma mudança sistêmica em prol da sustentabilidade. As evidências confirmam que o investimento em práticas de sustentabilidade melhora o desempenho e a competitividade das empresas.
História Social™ e Autismo: uma Revisão de Literatura
Authors: LAZZARINI Fernanda Squassoni , ELIAS Nassim Chamel
Published: December 2022

RESUMO: Histórias Sociais (Social Stories™) são histórias curtas e individualizadas que podem ser usadas para ajudar pessoas com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) na interpretação e na compreensão de situações sociais difíceis, confusas ou novas. Elas são usadas para descrever situações em que um indivíduo possa ter dificuldades em identificar os sinais sociais relevantes ou os comportamentos esperados, além de servir para compreender as consequências de comportar-se de diversas formas. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste estudo foi examinar artigos sobre Histórias Sociais para determinar as potencialidades e as fragilidades das pesquisas que exploraram o uso dessa intervenção para indivíduos com TEA. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e de exclusão, foram selecionados 11 artigos. Observou-se, após análise, que, apesar de não ser uma intervenção com muitas publicações no Brasil, sua eficácia é demonstrada nos trabalhos publicados ao redor do mundo, podendo ser aplicada nos contextos escolar e clínico brasileiro. Os resultados indicaram modificações relevantes de comportamento para participantes com TEA de diversas idades e em differentes ambientes, mas um único comportamento por vez é alvo da intervenção.