bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracking peripheral vascular function for six months in young adults following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Province Valesha M. , Szeghy Rachel E. , Stute Nina L. , Augenreich Marc A. , Behrens Christian E. , Stickford Jonathon L. , Stickford Abigail S. L. , Ratchford Stephen M.
Published: December 2022

SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is known to instigate a range of physiologic perturbations, including vascular dysfunction. However, little work has concluded how long these effects may last, especially among young adults with mild symptoms. To determine potential recovery from acute vascular dysfunction in young adults (8 M/8F, 21 ± 1 yr, 23.5 ± 3.1 kg⋅m−2), we longitudinally tracked brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) and reactive hyperemia (RH) in the arm and hyperemic response to passive limb movement (PLM) in the leg, with Doppler ultrasound, as well as circulating biomarkers of inflammation (interleukin‐6, C‐reactive protein), oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein carbonyl), antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase), and nitric oxide bioavailability (nitrite) monthly for a 6‐month period post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. FMD, as a marker of macrovascular function, improved from month 1 (3.06 ± 1.39%) to month 6 (6.60 ± 2.07%; p < 0.001). FMD/Shear improved from month one (0.10 ± 0.06 AU) to month six (0.18 ± 0.70 AU; p = 0.002). RH in the arm and PLM in the leg, as markers of microvascular function, did not change during the 6 months (p > 0.05). Circulating markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, and nitric oxide bioavailability did not change during the 6 months (p > 0.05). Together, these results suggest some improvements in macrovascular, but not microvascular function, over 6 months following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The data also suggest persistent ramifications for cardiovascular health among those recovering from mild illness and among young, otherwise healthy adults with SARS‐CoV‐2.
Increased levels of N6-methyladenosine in peripheral blood RNA: a perspective diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yin Haofan , Hong Honghai , Yin Ping , Lu Wenhua , Niu Shiqiong , Chen Xinchun , Xia Yong , Jiang Ping , Huang Zhijian
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Due to lack of effective biomarkers for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), many patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, which leads to poor prognosis. Dysregulation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA contributes significantly to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the diagnostic value of m6A RNA status in peripheral blood to screen NSCLC remains unclear.

Methods

Peripheral blood samples from 152 NSCLC patients and 64 normal controls (NCs) were applied to assess the m6A RNA levels. Bioinformatics and qRT-PCR analysis were performed to identify the specific immune cells in peripheral blood cells and investigate the mechanism of the alteration of m6A RNA levels.

Results

Robust elevation of m6A RNA levels of peripheral blood cells was exhibited in the NSCLC group. Moreover, the m6A levels increased as NSCLC progressed, and reduced after treatment. The m6A levels contained area under the curve (AUC) was 0.912, which was remarkably greater than the AUCs for CEA (0.740), CA125 (0.743), SCC (0.654), and Cyfra21-1 (0.730). Furthermore, the combination of these traditional biomarkers with m6A levels elevated the AUC to 0.970. Further analysis established that the expression of m6A erasers FTO and ALKBH5 were both markedly reduced and negatively correlated with m6A levels in peripheral blood of NSCLC. Additionally, GEO database and flow cytometry analysis implied that FTO and ALKBH5 attributes to peripheral CD4+ T cells proportion and activated the immune functions of T cells.

Conclusions

These findings unraveled that m6A RNA of peripheral blood immune cells was a prospective biomarker for the diagnosis of NSCLC.
From big data to better patient outcomes
Authors: Hulsen Tim , Friedecký David , Renz Harald , Melis Els , Vermeersch Pieter , Fernandez-Calle Pilar
Published: December 2022

Among medical specialties, laboratory medicine is the largest producer of structured data and must play a crucial role for the efficient and safe implementation of big data and artificial intelligence in healthcare. The area of personalized therapies and precision medicine has now arrived, with huge data sets not only used for experimental and research approaches, but also in the “real world”. Analysis of real world data requires development of legal, procedural and technical infrastructure. The integration of all clinical data sets for any given patient is important and necessary in order to develop a patient-centered treatment approach. Data-driven research comes with its own challenges and solutions. The Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability (FAIR) Guiding Principles provide guidelines to make data findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable to the research community. Federated learning, standards and ontologies are useful to improve robustness of artificial intelligence algorithms working on big data and to increase trust in these algorithms. When dealing with big data, the univariate statistical approach changes to multivariate statistical methods significantly shifting the potential of big data. Combining multiple omics gives previously unsuspected information and provides understanding of scientific questions, an approach which is also called the systems biology approach. Big data and artificial intelligence also offer opportunities for laboratories and the In Vitro Diagnostic industry to optimize the productivity of the laboratory, the quality of laboratory results and ultimately patient outcomes, through tools such as predictive maintenance and “moving average” based on the aggregate of patient results.
COVID-19 anxiety and quality of life among adolescent pregnant women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jadgal Mohammad Saeed , Alizadeh-Siuki Hadi , Kasiri Nayyereh , Zareipour MoradAli
Published: December 2022

Objectives

To determine the relationship between the COVID-19 anxiety and the quality of life among adolescent pregnant women in Dashtiari city, Iran.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 216 adolescent pregnant women in Dashtiari city, Iran in 2021 who met the inclusion criteria participated in a multi-stage sampling. Data collection tools included: demographic information, COVID-19 Anxiety Scale and a questionnaire of quality of life. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software version 21 using descriptive, Chi-square, Tukey and logistic regression tests.

Results

The results showed that 74 (34.3%) adolescent pregnant women had weak COVID-19 anxiety, 23 (10.6%) had moderate COVID-19 anxiety and 119 (55.1%) had severe COVID-19 anxiety. The results also showed that gestational age (OR=2.2, p=0.03), history of COVID-19 infection among adolescent pregnant women (OR=1.6, p=0.02), history of family and friends (OR=1.7) (p=0.04), quality of life (OR=4.3, p=0.001), increases the probability of COVID-19 anxiety.

Conclusions

Considering the psychological consequences of the post-COVID-19 era and the psychological events that occur in this period, by identifying and predicting these issues, strategies should be considered for optimal intervention and reduction of injuries in the post-crisis era.
Application of the COCOSYS code in the safety evaluation of Czech nuclear power plants
Authors: Kecek Adam , Denk Lubomír , Zamakhaeva Iana
Published: December 2022

Safety analyses of nuclear power plant accidents are a key tool in demonstration of nuclear safety and reliability. The chain of the safety analyses comprises several follow-up activities like neutronic core calculation, primary system simulation and containment response to a loss-of-coolant accident. The analyses can be done with numerous computational tools like the GRS codes ATHLET and COCOSYS. The COCOSYS and its predecessor RALOC have been used in a variety of safety analyses at UJV conducted in the framework of technical support of the Czech nuclear power plants. Application of the code in the field of nuclear power plant safety analyses is ruled by the Czech legislative, which defines a process called standardization. The standardization procedure equivalent to validation and verification process provides further independent validation on the level of user organization. In past decades, COCOSYS has been successfully used in numerous DBA and DEC-A analyses of VVER-1000/V-320 containment, evaluating both thermal hydraulic conditions as well as fission product source term. This paper summarizes independent COCOSYS validation at UJV, including setup of the iodine dry paint deposition model to Ameron Amerlock paint. Furthermore, a VVER-1000/V-320 containment model is presented and analysis of DBA and DEC-A LB LOCA at VVER-1000/V-320 is conducted. The evaluation of the results aims at confirmation of acceptance criteria related to containment and impact of containment spray system. An emphasis is given to evaluation of containment source term, where comparison of both events is conducted for release of iodine, cesium, and xenon.
Prediction of nanofluid flows’ optimum velocity in finned tube-in-tube heat exchangers using artificial neural network
Authors: Çolak Andaç Batur , Mercan Hatice , Açıkgöz Özgen , Dalkılıç Ahmet Selim , Wongwises Somchai
Published: December 2022

The average flow velocity in heat exchangers is considered less often and thus needs further and detailed investigation because of its crucial influence on the overall thermal performance of the application. The use of nanofluids has similar influences to finned tube designs. Considering the rise in heat transfer and pressure drop, uncertainties in cost analyses with the uses of fins and nanoparticles, evaluation of optimum operating velocity of the fluids is necessary. On the contrary, there aren’t enough experimental, parametric, or numerical investigations present on this subject. The use of machine learning techniques to heat transfer applications to make optimization becomes popular recently. In this work, important factors of the process as tube number, cleanliness factor, and overall cost as output factors have been estimated by an artificial intelligence method using 339 data points. The influence of input factors of Reynolds number, thermal conductivity, specific heat, viscosity, and total fin surface efficiency on the outputs have been studied. Total tube number, cleanliness factor, and total cost analysis have been determined with deviations of −0.66%, 0.001%, and 0.12% as a result of the solution with 6 inputs, correspondingly.
Multimodal metaphors and sexism in Arabic cartoons depicting gender and gender relations during COVID-19
Authors: Alkhammash Reem
Published: December 2022

Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, extensive research has been done on how the pandemic has been metaphorised. However, little research has focused on how the pandemic is associated with the depiction of gender relations in political cartoons. Therefore, this study showcases sexism and gender relations by examining how both gender and gender relationships have been expressed metaphorically. It draws on conceptual metaphor theory as well as concepts related to visual metaphors in multimodal discourse, covert sexism, and dehumanisation to analyse a corpus of 100 Arabic cartoons depicting men and women alone and as couples that were published during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results demonstrate that typo-pictorial metaphors and those related to body modification, dehumanisation, and the coronavirus are associated with prevalent covert sexism during the pandemic. In short, the findings suggest that COVID-19 has contributed to how women in relationships have been negatively portrayed in Arabic political cartoons. In terms of theoretical implications, the study results show that a more general theory of multimodal sexism in political cartoons should be used to address various types of identifiable sexism in multimodal contexts; this approach is useful for both multimodal scholars and discourse analysts in various disciplines.
Generalized hyperharmonic number sums with reciprocal binomial coefficients
Authors: Li Rusen
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we mainly show that generalized hyperharmonic number sums with reciprocal binomial coefficients can be expressed in terms of classical (alternating) Euler sums, zeta values and generalized (alternating) harmonic numbers.
Gini index on generalized r-partitions
Authors: Mansour Toufik , Schork Matthias , Shattuck Mark , Wagner Stephan
Published: December 2022

The Gini index of a set partition π of size n is defined as

1
−

δ
(
π
)

n
2

,

$1-\frac{\delta (\pi )}{{{n}^{2}}},$

where δ(π) is the sum of the squares of the block cardinalities of π. In this paper, we study the distribution of the δ statistic on various kinds of set partitions in which the first r elements are required to lie in distinct blocks. In particular, we derive the generating function for the distribution of δ on a generalized class of r-partitions wherein contents-ordered blocks are allowed and elements meeting certain restrictions may be colored. As a consequence, we obtain simple explicit formulas for the average δ value, equivalently for the average Gini index, in all r-partitions, r-permutations and r-Lah distributions of a given size. Finally, combinatorial proofs can be found for these formulas in the case r = 0 corresponding to the Gini index on classical set partitions, permutations and Lah distributions.
On η-biharmonic hypersurfaces in pseudo-Riemannian space forms
Authors: Du Li , Ren Jinjun
Published: December 2022

In this paper, η-biharmonic hypersurfaces with constant scalar curvature in 5-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian space forms are studied. We prove that such hypersurfaces with diagonalizable shape operator have constant mean curvature, which gives an affirmative partial answer to the conjecture in [Arvanitoyeorgos, A.—Kaimakamis, F. G.: Hypersurfaces of type

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
M^3_2
\end{array}$

in

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\mathbb{E}^4_2
\end{array}$

with proper mean curvature vector, J. Geom. Phys. 63 (2013), 99–106]. As a result, we give several partial classification results.
Approximating families for lattice outer measures on unsharp quantum logics
Authors: Khare Mona , Pandey Pratibha
Published: December 2022

The aim of the present paper is to study lattice outer measures on an unsharp quantum logic, viz. a difference posetPassociated with a monotone functionμdefined on a sub-difference posetLofPand an approximating family inL. Having proved a number of fundamental properties, relationships among these outer measures and eventually among corresponding families of measurable elements ofPare investigated.
The global harnack estimates for a nonlinear heat equation with potential under finsler-geometric flow
Authors: Azami Shahroud
Published: December 2022

Let (Mn,F(t),m),t∈ [0,T], be a compact Finsler manifold withF(t) evolving by the Finsler-geometric flow$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \frac{\partial g(x,t)}{\partial t}=2h(x,t), \end{array}$whereg(t) is the symmetric metric tensor associated withF, andh(t) is a symmetric (0, 2)-tensor. In this paper, we consider local Li-Yau type gradient estimates for positive solutions of the following nonlinear heat equation with potential

$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \partial_{t}u(x,t)=\Delta_{m}u(x,t)-\mathcal{R}(x,t)u(x,t) -au(x,t)\log u(x,t),\quad(x,t)\in M\times [0,T], \end{array}$$

along the Finsler-geometric flow, where 𝓡 is a smooth function, andais a real nonpositive constant. As an application we obtain a global estimate and a Harnack estimate. Our results are also natural extension of similar results on Riemannian-geometric flow.
A note on set-star-K-Menger spaces
Authors: Singh Sumit
Published: December 2022

A spaceXis said to have theset-star-K-Menger propertyif for each nonempty subsetAofXand for each sequence (𝓤n:n∈ ℕ) of collections of open sets inXsuch that for eachn∈ ℕ,A⊆ ⋃ 𝓤n, there is a sequence (Kn:n∈ ℕ) of compact subsets ofXsuch thatA⊆$\begin{array}{} \bigcup\limits_{n \in \mathbb{N}} \end{array} $St(Kn, 𝓤n). In this paper, we prove that:

There exists aT1set-star-Menger space which is not set-star-K-Menger and there exists a Tychonoff set-star-K-Menger space that is not set-star-Menger.

Assuming 𝔡 = 𝔠, there exists a Tychonoff set-star-K-Menger space having a regular-closedGδ-subspace which is not set-star-K-Menger.

If the Alexandroff duplicate of a spaceXis set-star-K-Menger, thenXis set-star-K-Menger.

The product of set-star-K-Menger space and a compact space is rectangular set-star-K-Menger space.

The above-mentioned results answer to Problem 2.5 and Problem 3.6, and give a partial answer to Problem 3.11 in [SINGH, S.:On set-star-K-Menger spaces, Publ. Math. Debrecen100(2022), 87–100]. Further, we continue to study the topological properties of set-star-K-Menger spaces.
Application research of acoustic black hole in floating raft vibration isolation system
Authors: Gao Shengyao , Tao Zhou , Li Yuhui , Pang Fuzhen
Published: December 2022

Acoustic black holes have good application prospects in the field of vibration and noise reduction. Based on engineering practice, this study proposes a systematic process method for the application of acoustic black hole structure in raft structure, which provides new ideas and references for improving the vibration isolation performance of floating raft system and reducing the level of ship vibration and noise. The influence law of each parameter on structural vibration and the recommended value range of each parameter are given, which provides support for the systematic method and process of the application of acoustic black holes in the raft structure. Then, the acoustic black hole process is applied to a floating raft system. According to the characteristics of the raft structure, an application scheme of the acoustic black hole in the raft structure is formed, and the vibration level drop of the floating raft vibration isolation system before and after the acoustic black hole is embedded, calculated, and analyzed. The changes further improve the vibration reduction and isolation performance of the raft system and effectively reduced the mechanical noise level of the ship’s cabin.
Acacetin alleviates neuroinflammation and oxidative stress injury via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in a mouse model of spinal cord injury
Authors: Zhang Xin , Xu Lijun , Chen Xiang , Zhou Xianjie , Cao Lanhua
Published: December 2022

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system disease, which may cause serious locomotor deficit. Acacetin is a flavone that possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in different human diseases. The main purpose of this study was to explore whether acacetin ameliorates SCI in mice. A model of SCI was established in C57BL/6 mice. The Basso Mouse Scale (BMS) score, BMS subscore, mechanical hypersensitivity, and thermal hypersensitivity of mice were tested for determining the motor function. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to detect NeuN, GFAP, and Iba-1 levels in spinal cord tissues. ELISA was utilized to assess the contents of proinflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in spinal cord tissues. The levels of oxidative stress markers, reactive oxygen species, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione were detected using their corresponding kits. Western blot was employed for estimating the levels of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1). In this study, acacetin treatment recovered the motor function in SCI mice. Acacetin improved neuron integrity and repressed glial cell activation in the spinal cord tissues of SCI mice. Furthermore, acacetin administration reduced the SCI-induced high concentrations of IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α, as well as inhibited oxidative stress in SCI mice. Moreover, acacetin activated HO-1/Nrf2 pathway in SCI mice. The neuroprotective effects of acacetin against SCI were reversed by Nrf2 inhibitor. Overall, acacetin alleviated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress injury by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in the mouse models of SCI.
Spinal Cord Injury AIS Predictions Using Machine Learning
Authors: Kapoor Dhruv , Xu Clark
Published: December 2022

The study used machine learning to predict The American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) scores for newly injured spinal cord injury patients at hospital discharge time from hospital admission data. Additionally, machine learning was used to analyze the best model for feature importance to validate the criticality of the AIS score and highlight relevant demographic details. The data used for training machine learning models was from the National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center (NSCISC) database of U.S. spinal cord injury patient details. Eighteen real features were used from 417 provided features, which mapped to 53 machine learning features after processing. Eight models were tuned on the dataset to predict AIS scores, and Shapely analysis was performed to extract the most important of the 53 features. Patients within the NSCISC database who sustained injuries were between 1972 and 2016 after data cleaning (n = 20,790). Outcomes were test set multiclass accuracy and aggregated Shapely score magnitudes. Ridge Classifier was the best performer with 73.6% test set accuracy. AIS scores and neurologic category at the time of admission were the best predictors of recovery. Demographically, features were less important, but age, sex, marital status, and race stood out. AIS scores on admission are highly predictive of patient outcomes when combined with patient demographic data. Promising results in terms of predicting recovery were seen, and Shapely analysis allowed for the machine learning model to be probed as a whole, giving insight into overall feature trends.
Mind-wandering in Larks and Owls: The Effects of Chronotype and Time of Day on the Frequency of Task-unrelated Thoughts
Authors: Van Opstal Filip , Aslanov Vlada , Schnelzer Sophia
Published: December 2022

People differ in their optimal time of day to perform a cognitive task: Morning people (“larks”) perform better in the morning compared to the evening, and the reversed is true for evening people (“owls”). This synchrony effect has been observed for executive functions, such as inhibitory control. For example, participants performing the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) make more commission errors at their non-optimal time of day. Because mind-wandering (MW) has been related to the executive system, we here investigated a synchrony effect in the frequency of MW. After determining the participants’ chronotype (n = 130), they completed an online version of the SART twice, once in the morning and once in the evening. MW was subjectively measured using a probe-caught method. Results showed that “larks” mind-wandered more often in the evening than the morning session. In contrast, “owls” showed the opposite profile. Objective markers for MW (i.e., accuracy and reaction time coefficient of variance) confirmed these results. Furthermore, in line with earlier suggestions, the frequency of MW was also directly related to the number of hours slept the night before the experiment, and an overall higher frequency of MW was observed for evening chronotypes. The results of this study provide clear evidence for the relation between sleep-related factors and MW, and raises the importance of accounting for chronotype differences when scheduling work and academic activities.
Stratospheric aerosol injection may impact global systems and human health outcomes
Authors: Tracy Samantha M. , Moch Jonathan M. , Eastham Sebastian D. , Buonocore Jonathan J.
Published: December 2022

Solar radiation management (SRM) is a climate engineering strategy to reduce temperature increases due to global climate change. The most well-researched SRM methodology is stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), which involves increasing the concentration of aerosol particles in the stratosphere to reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching Earth’s surface. The most considered and heavily researched aerosol for SAI is sulfate. SAI has been extensively modeled using various climate scenarios and investigated using data from previous volcanic eruptions, which provide an analog of the climate effects of SAI. Prior research has determined that SAI will not only decrease global temperatures but is likely to have direct impacts on ecosystem and public health. This review seeks to investigate the various ways by which SAI may impact global public health outcomes related to hydrologic cycling, atmospheric chemical cycling, frequency of natural disasters, food system disruptions, and ecological health through the pathways of water, air, soil, and biota. SAI has the potential to decrease negative health outcomes associated with rising temperatures but may have a myriad of impacts on global environmental systems. Anthropogenically altering the global climate, through both the release of greenhouse gases or through climatic engineering, has unknown consequences, many of which will likely impact global health and quality of life. A more holistic approach is necessary to understand the relative benefits and harms in using SAI as compared to the implication of global climate change.
Ebeveyn Stillerinin Öz Düzenlemeli Öğrenme Stratejilerini Kullanma Düzeylerine Etkisi
Authors: AVCI Süleyman , AKINCİ Tuncay
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ebeveyn stillerinin üniversite öğrencilerinin öz düzenleme stratejilerini kullanma düzeylerine etkisini belirlemektir. Bu ilişkide sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel statü aracı değişken olarak araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Ailelerde anne ve babanın tercih ettikleri stiller arsında farklılık bulunması nedeniyle iki ebeveyn için ayrı ayrı veri toplanmıştır. İlişkisel tarama modeli çerçevesinde tasarlanan bu araştırmada, ebeveyn stillerinde Maccoby ve Martin ve Baumrind’in dörtlü modeli, öz düzenleme stratejileri ise Pintrich’in modeli dikkate alınmıştır. Araştırma verileri, 429 üniversite öğrencisinden toplanmış olup, katılımcıların 103’ü erkek, 305’i kadındır (Na=21). Çalışma kapsamında ebeveynlik stillerinin tanımlanmasında, Sümer ve Güngör tarafından geliştirilen ölçek kullanılmıştır. Öz-düzenleme stratejileri ve motivasyonel inançları belirlemek için, Pintrich ve De Groot tarafından geliştirilen Üredi tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan ölçek kullanılmıştır. Ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel statünün belirlenmesinde OECD tarafından PISA sınavında kullanılan hesaplama tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, anne ve baba için algılanan ebeveyn stillerinin öz düzenleyici öğrenme stratejileri ve motivasyonel inançlarını kısmen etkilediği söylenebilir. Anne ve baba ebeveyn stilinin ortak etkisi bulunmazken, anne ve babanın ayrı ayrı etkilerinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Anne ebeveyn stilinin etkisi babanın uyguladığı ebeveyn stilinden daha yüksektir. Demokrat ve izin verici anne ebeveyn stiline sahip katılımcılar, otoriter ve ihmalkâr stile sahip olanlara göre daha fazla, baba stilinde ise izin verici stil, ihmalkâr stilden daha fazla bilişsel strateji kullanmaktadır.
Clinical effectiveness and safety of aspirin and other anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after major orthopedic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Singjie Leonard Christianto , Halomoan Reynaldo , Saleh Ifran , Sumargono Endrotomo , Kholinne Erica
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Patients undergoing major orthopedic surgeries, such as total hip replacement (THR), total knee replacement (TKR), and trauma surgery, are at an elevated risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), causing significant morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have investigated aspirin as a thromboprophylactic agent for arthroplasty, besides trauma surgery. Therefore, we sought to analyze the efficacy of aspirin compared to that of other anticoagulants for VTE prophylaxis in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgeries.

Methods

This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The study protocol was registered with the PROSPERO register. Randomized controlled trials that investigated the use of aspirin for thromboprophylaxis in major orthopedic lower limb surgeries were included and analyzed. Quality analysis of the literature and level of evidence were assessed. The primary clinical outcome was VTE. Secondary clinical outcomes included mortality, bleeding events, and wound complications.

Results

Eight high-quality studies with level 2 evidence (published within 2006–2021) were included, comprising 6220 patients. The incidence of VTE with aspirin was not found to be more significant than other anticoagulants (risk ratio (RR) = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.89–1.58, P = 0.25). Regarding secondary outcomes, there were no significant differences between aspirin and other anticoagulants (mortality (RR = 1.40, 95% CI: 0.27–7.23, P = 0.69), bleeding events (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.57–1.39, P = 0.61), or wound complications (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.30–1.35, P = 0.24)).

Conclusion

The current meta-analysis did not show any difference between aspirin and other anticoagulants as thromboprophylactic agents in preventing VTE in patients who underwent major orthopedic surgeries.
Enterotoxic potential of dietary cholesterol autoxidation products
Authors: Iaia Noemi , Canzoneri Federico , Rosso Ginevra , Menta Roberto , Biasi Fiorella
Published: December 2022

Background

In both Western and Westernized diets, together with a relatively high amount of cholesterol, variable amountsof its oxidized metabolites, oxysterols, are consistently consumed. These oxysterols, mostly of non-enzymatic origin, are produced during sterol autoxidation in foodstuff manufacturing and storage.

Objective

This study aimed to analyze the potential enterotoxic effects of all main oxysterols of non-enzymatic origin so far identified in a variety of foods.

Experimental plan

Differentiated human intestinal cell monolayers (CaCo-2) were incubated up to 48 h in the presence or absence of 0.5, 1 or 5 µM with one out of seven non-enzymatic oxysterols, prior to the verification of minimal irreversible cell damage within the chosen concentration range.

Results

All tested oxysterols were proven to exert damaging effects on cell monolayers in vitro. The inflammatory interleukin-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 were mostly upregulated by 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol, respectively, then to a lower extent by 5α,6α-epoxycholesterol, 7α-hydroxycholesterol and 5β,6β-epoxycholesterol. 7-Ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol also appeared to be most effective in impairing claudin-1, occludin and E-cadherin proteins, followed by 25-hydroxycholesterol and triol.

Conclusions

The oxysterols consistently derived by food autoxidation were tested; they potentially impaired the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier and triggered an inflammatory response within 0.5–5 µM concentrations, easily reachable in a single Western meal.

Significance Statement

This comprehensive analysis focused on the potential impairment of the intestinal barrier by the main dietary non-enzymatic oxysterols, should guide further nutrition research aiming at defining a threshold amount of these cholesterol derivatives in order not to derange the physiological gut–brain axis.
Using Contamination Indices for Assessments of Heavy Metals Status of Soils around Mercury Mine, in Kurşunlu, (Konya) Province
Authors: Akay Ayşen , Özaytekin Hasan Hüseyin
Published: December 2022

The objective of this study was to establish contamination level for, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, As, Hg, Sb, Co, and Cd in soils around the old Hg mine area central part of Turkey. 34surface samples from mine area were collected. Samples were digested and the metals were determined by ICP-OES and assess metal contamination in soils by using Enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (Cf), Geoaccumulation index (Igeo), hazard quotient (HQ) (individual metal), contamination index (Cd), modified contamination index (mCd), pollution load index (PLI), and hazard load index (HLI) (multi metal).

Enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (Cf), Geoaccumulation index (Igeo), hazard quotient (HQ)indicate that the soil in the most of studied points were unpolluted, slightly polluted or moderate degree of pollution with respect to Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn, Cu, Co and Ni, while the soils in all studied stations were extremely contaminated with respect to Hg, Sb and As. When the obtained result to by evaluated the cumulative effect of metal pollution load index (PLI), the contamination degree (Cd) and modified Contamination Degree (mCd), and hazard load index were found to be very high high pollution, ultra-high degree pollution and medium pollution respectively indicating that the studied soils in were polluted by total of studied heavy metals.
Enfoques Frecuentista y Bayesiano en el Estudio del Plagio Académico. Una Propuesta Innovadora en Investigación Educativa
Authors: Sarmiento José Antonio , Ocampo Camilo Isaac
Published: December 2022

El avance experimentado por la investigación científica en el plano metodológico resulta escaso en el ámbito pedagógico. Con ánimo de contribuir a mejorar la situación se expone una propuesta metodológica que permita superar las posibles limitaciones existentes en la interpretación de las pruebas de significación de un estudio realizado sobre el plagio con una muestra de 10800 estudiantes universitarios. Su principal objetivo es mostrar como una adecuada combinación de enfoques (frecuentista y bayesiano) permite una mayor comprensión del problema del plagio del alumnado. El procedimiento seguido consistió en someter a análisis de regresión lineal, tanto frecuentista como bayesiana, los resultados obtenidos al estudiar las respuestas del alumnado a los 49 ítems del cuestionario validado al efecto. El resultado es el mismo en ambos enfoques. Su análisis indica una significatividad elevada, tanto para R2, como para 9 de los 11 factores que aparecen como causas del plagio académico. De ellos la copia total y la copia parcial poseen el mayor peso. Lo tienen algo menor: la oportunidad, la sobrecarga de trabajos, el desconocimiento y la mala praxis. Todo ello permite diseñar una red de creencia bayesiana como herramienta de observación de las influencias de las variables predictivas sobre la variable dependiente.
La Competencia Ecosocial en un Contexto de Crisis Multidimensional
Authors: González Reyes Luís , Gómez Chuliá Carlos
Published: December 2022

Los contextos escolares están directamente afectados por la crisis multidimensional que vivimos en el presente. Ante esta crisis, desde la educación se pueden asumir las problemáticas tal y como acontecen e integrarlas en el esquema de aprendizaje del alumnado desde una posición crítica y activa, o, por el contrario, no posicionarse y mantenerse en una inercia reproductora del orden social. La competencia ecosocial es fundamental para situar en el centro de la acción educativa la sostenibilidad y justicia ambiental, la profundización en los procesos democráticos y la justicia social; elementos fundamentales para caminar hacia un paradigma educativo capaz de comprometerse con la praxis del cambio social. Desde los contenidos curriculares, hasta las estrategias metodológicas y la evaluación, la competencia ecosocial atraviesa por completo todo el diseño curricular para formar parte esencial del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en los últimos niveles de concreción. Con el objetivo de dibujar utopías para construir presentes deseables la competencia ecosocial adquiere un papel fundamental como forma de trascender a una civilización donde las personas tengan objetivos colectivos alternativos.
Capacidad de absorción diferencia en diez escuelas públicas en Chile
Authors: Weinstein José , Peña Fredes Javiera , Ramírez Lorena , Órdenes Miguel , Barrera Fabián , Cornejo Daniela
Published: December 2022

El artículo aborda los factores que inciden en que distintas escuelas públicas tengan una diferente capacidad de absorción de un proyecto de mejora escolar. Se estudiaron los efectos de un proyecto de asistencia técnica impulsado por un centro universitario que buscó fortalecer la confianza relacional en diez escuelas básicas públicas de dos municipios de Chile durante los años 2020 y 2021.Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, basada en entrevistas semiestructuradas y revisión documental. Un primer hallazgo consistió en que las escuelas estudiadas presentaban niveles diferenciados de absorción de conocimientos, pudiendo clasificarse en los tres siguientes: cambios en creencias y/o competencias de directivos, desarrollo de nuevas prácticas de gestión y relación, e institucionalización de nuevas prácticas. Un segundo hallazgo fue la utilidad de contar con un dispositivo de análisis que considere las características de la escuela que absorbe, así como las del socio externo y el tipo de relación existente entre ambos durante el proyecto, factores todos que inciden en la capacidad de aprendizaje organizacional. El dispositivo empleado, basado en uno preexistente sobre la capacidad de absorción de instituciones educativas intermedias, mostró su pertinencia, pero también constató la necesidad de integrar ciertos factores complementarios.
Pedagogías del Conflicto para la Emancipación. Tensionando los Conocimientos Regulados y el Sentido Común en la Escuela
Authors: Rivera-Vargas Pablo , Ferrante Luisina , Herrera Gustavo
Published: December 2022

La dominación cultural del capitalismo y su influencia en la construcción de las democracias modernas, no podría haber sido posible sin que las instituciones educativas se transformaran en uno de los principales territorios de disputa discursiva y material. Este hecho ha condicionado la existencia de un modelo de escuela que educa “desde el miedo” y que, a partir de esto, ha ido asegurando la no expansión de las subjetividades emancipadoras y solidarias. En pos de profundizar en este diagnóstico y a partir de una aproximación cualitativa basada en un análisis de documental de literatura relevante sobre el tema de estudio, el presente artículo tiene como propósito: (1) analizar las características de la institucionalidad educativa en el marco de la dominación cultural del capitalismo, antes y durante la pandemia. (2) Destacar las oportunidades que se presentan con la pandemia para transformar y reconfigurar el sistema educativo hacia un modelo que favorezca la emancipación social y el compromiso con el bienestar común. El artículo plantea las preguntas para generar un proyecto educativo transformador. Se propone, analizar las tensiones de los sistemas educativos al asumir proyectos transformadores que conecten con una idea de sociedad basada en el bien común
Features of sentencing by Moscow revolutionary tribunal for the clergy and believers in 1918–1920
Authors: Nikonov Vadim
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the cases of the Moscow Revolutionary Tribunal, directed against the clergy and believers, deposited in the funds of the Central State Archive of the Moscow region. Along with high-profile processes, such as the "Case of the Council of United Parishes" ("The case of A.D. Samarin, N.D. Kuznetsov") 1919-1920, the Moscow trials ("The 1st and 2nd trials of churchmen") of 1922, which resulted from a campaign to seize church values, the author examines lesser-known cases accusing rural clergy of resisting the Decree on the separation of Church and state and counter-revolutionary activities. Analyzing the sentences of the Moscow Revolutionary Tribunal handed down in the period of 1918-1920s. with regard to the clergy and clergy, as well as laypeople, the author comes to the conclusion that the main purpose of the tribunal was a policy of intimidation of the clergy and believers, demonstration of the omnipotence of the new government and the permissiveness of its punitive bodies. The general trend in the work of the Moscow Revolutionary Tribunal was the practice of issuing initial demonstratively harsh sentences, which were immediately replaced by lighter, and sometimes even conditional, sentences at the same meeting of the tribunal. In some cases, the mitigation of sentences took place in several stages, as a result, even those initially sentenced to death were released within 2-3 years after arrest. The article notes that most of the clergy tried by the Moscow Revolutionary Tribunal no longer left the field of view of the organs of the Cheka-OGPU-NKVD and were subsequently arrested, many more than once. For them, the fact of conviction and even acquittal by the revolutionary tribunal became a kind of marker that marked the future victims of the repressive system.
Contributions to understanding climate interactions: stratospheric ozone
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Grytsai A.V. , Milinevsky G.P. , Evtushevsky O.M. , Klekociuk A.R.
Published: December 2022

The monograph summarizes the results of studies of the ozone layer dynamics under the infl uence of planetary waves conducted over the past 25 years. The descriptions concern the terrestrial and satellite ozonometric instruments and the results of comparison of the total ozone observations in Ukraine and Antarctica; characteristics of planetary waves and their impact on the ozone layer, in particular, on the zonal ozone asymmetry over Antarctica and its long- term changes; teleconnection between the tropical temperature anomalies and the Antarctic stratosphere; the method of seasonal forecasting of anomalous decrease in the ozone hole area in spring based on the indicators of winter preconditions and altitude dependence of the ozone response to the 11-year cycle of solar activity. For scientists in atmospheric physics and astronomy, teachers, students, and postgraduate students.
Comprehensive radioecological monitoring for objects of radioactively contaminated areas
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, Prister Boris , Lev Tatiana , Nosovskyi Anatolii , Talerko Mykola
Published: December 2022

The principles of forming an optimal network of radioecological monitoring of contaminated territories for acute and remote periods after a radiation accident are outlined, which takes into account the ecological features of the territory. A comprehensive system for assessing the degree of radioecological criticality of the territory, forecasting the radiation situation, monitoring the agrosphere and radiation quality control of products on different spatial scales has been developed.
Резистентні до гербіцидів біотипи бур’янів в Україні
Authors: Швартау В.В. , Михальська Л.М.
Published: December 2022

В Україні ідентифіковано резистентні до дії гербіцидів — інгібіторів ацетолактатсинтази класу імі- дазолінонів — імазапіру та імазамоксу, біотипи злакового бур’яну плоскухи звичайної, дводольних видів щириці запрокинутої й лободи білої. Встановлено крос-резистентність бур’янів до дії гербіцидів: злаку до сульфонілсечовин (нікосульфурон) та триазолпіримідинів (пеноксулам), дводольних видів до сульфо- нілсечовин форамсульфурону та йодосульфурон-метил-натрію, тифенсульфурон-метилу, трибенурон- метилу; а також до похідного сульфоніламінокарбонілтриазолінонів — тієнкарбазон-метилу; до похідних триазолпіримідинів — флорасуламу та флуметсуламу. Не встановлено мультирезистентності плоскухи звичайної, щириці запрокинутої та лободи білої до гербіцидів класів похідних гліцину — гліфосату, злаку до піноксадену, а дводольних видів до похідних феноксикарбоксилатів — 2,4-Д, бензойної кислоти —дикамби; трикетонів — топрамезону; дифенілових етерів — аклоніфену; піридинкарбоксилатів. Вперше показано, що композиції гербіцидів під впливом пулу амонію можуть підвищувати рівень ефективності контролю- вання резистентних біотипів бур’янів. Ідентифікація високошкодочинних АЛС-резистентних плоскухи звичайної, щириці запрокинутої та лободи білої на півдні й у центральній частині “зернового поясу” України свідчить про обмеженість у ефективності контролювання бур’янів гербіцидами переважно з одним механізмом дії, що потребує істотного перегляду принципів формування сівозмін і шляхів контролювання бур’янів у державі для збереження високих рівнів рентабельності та продуктивності агрофітоценозів. Вирішення цих питань є нагальним щодо збереження потенціалу України, як одного з гарантів продовольчої безпеки світу.
The Ways and Mechanisms of Immigrants’ Legal Status Obtaining in Ukraine
Authors: MAIDANIK І. P.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the processes of legal status obtaining by immigrants in Ukraine in the period before the full-scale aggression of Russia. The purpose of this article is to identify problems and mechanisms of legal status obtaining by this group of persons. The novelty of the article lies in the conceptualization of patterns of obtaining the legal status by immigrants. In the process of working on the article, survey methods, semi-structured interviews, participant observation, focus groups, and self-registration methods were used. Empirical data for preparing the article were obtained in the study “Migrants with irregular status in Ukraine” carried out within the framework of the EU-funded and IOM-implemented project “Migration and Asylum Management Support in Ukraine” (IMMIS). The survey was conducted among experts (leaders of immigrant communities, civil servants, representatives of non-governmental and international organizations dealing with migrant issues) and immigrants. The selection criteria for immigrants were the absence of Ukrainian citizenship, continuous stay in Ukraine for at least two-month period, and reaching the age of majority. The study revealed two ways for immigrants to fall into an unregulated situation: violation of the rules of entry into Ukraine and expiration of the stay period determined by visa or other document. The widespread experience, at least temporary, of proper legal status absence among immigrants is empirically proven. For instance, more than a third (38.6 %) of the interviewed immigrants, who at the time of the interview had the necessary documents for their stay in Ukraine, admitted that they had been in an unregulated legal status for some time in the past. This situation occurred among representatives of different gender, age and educational groups. The key institution for regulating the legal status of foreigners in Ukraine is the State Migration Service. The study revealed several scenarios of contacting the migration service in the process of obtaining documents. A little more than half of the interviewees applied to the migration service on their own, others used the help of intermediaries. The interviewees predominantly cooperated with representatives of international and non-governmental organizations (UNHCR, Right to Protection, HIAS, Rokada). Rarely, individuals were referred to the migration service by familiar Ukrainians or compatriots. The post-war revival of Ukraine should include the modernization of the State Migration Service activity in order to improve the practice of regulating the legal status of foreigners.
Statistical Multifragmentation Model within the Extended Morphological Thermodynamics Approach
Authors: Kucherenko V.S. , Bugaev K.A. , Sagun V. , Ivanytskyi O.
Published: December 2022

On the basis of the morphological thermodynamics, we develop an exactly solvable version of the statistical multifragmentation model for the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition. It is shown that the hard-core repulsion between spherical nuclei generates only the bulk (volume), surface, and curvature parts of the free energy of the nucleus, while the Gaussian curvature one does not appear in the derivation. The phase diagram of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition is studied for a truncated version of the developed model.