bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Traditions of Apocalyptic Iconography in the Annunciation Cathedral at the Moscow Kremlin
Authors: Мелих Анастасия Михайловна
Published: August 2023

Статья посвящена исследованию росписей Благовещенского собора Московского Кремля. Центральная тема среди композиций в убранстве великокняжеского храма — сюжеты Апокалипсиса, принадлежащие редкой иконографической традиции в монументальном русском искусстве. Рассмотрение цикла последней книги Нового Завета в контексте программы росписей помогает изучить феномен придворного русского искусства XVI в. В статье прослежено развитие сюжетов иконографии в царском соборе, показаны ее варианты и указана их связь с толкованиями Андрея Кесарийского. Также, в данной работе на основе всех имеющихся данных представлена реконструкция состава сцен и анализируются иконографические прототипы композиций цикла. Именно это позволяет глубже разобрать идейное содержание произведений, определить значение памятника в культуре того времени. Сам характер фресок сформирован сочетанием европейских и традиционных элементов в отечественном искусстве. Отдельно взятые сюжеты Апокалипсиса демонстрируют наличие разных традиций, пришедших из западных иконографических образцов в русскую монументальную живопись XVI в. Иконографическая программа домовой церкви наглядно показывает своеобразие художественных форм и смыслов эсхатологических аспектов Откровения Иоанна Богослова.  

This article is devoted to the research of frescos in the Annunciation Cathedral at the Moscow Kremlin. The central topic among the compositions in the decorations of the Grand Ducal temple is the scenes of the Apocalypse, belonging to the rare iconographic tradition in Russian monumental art. The attention of the Apocalypse series in the context of the program of murals discovers the phenomenon of the Russian court art of the XVI century. The article traces the development of iconography scene in the Tsar's Cathedral, shows its variants and their connection with the commentaries of Andrew, the bishop of Caesarea, on the Apocalypse book. The reconstruction of the composition of scenes is presented and iconographic prototypes of the cycle compositions are analyzed also in this work on the basis of all available data. It gives us an opportunity to analyze the ideological content of the composition deeper, to determine its significance in the art of that time. The character of the frescoes is formed on a combination of European and traditional elements in Russian art. The individual scenes of the Apocalypse demonstrate the presence of different traditions that came from Western iconographic samples in the Russian monumental painting of the XVI century. The iconographic program of the House Church clearly demonstrates the uniqueness of the artistic forms and meanings of the eschatological aspects of the Revelation of John the Theologian.
P. P. Pokryshkin — The Founder of the «Artistic-Archeological» Restoration Method
Authors: Никитина Анастасия Анатольевна
Published: August 2023

В статье проводится попытка дать максимально полную характеристику реставрационному подходу ведущего реставратора Российской империи, академика архитектуры Петра Петровича Покрышкина (1870–1922). Будучи реставратором-практиком, П. П. Покрышкин не оставил после себя трактата, с подробно и систематически изложенными идейными основами собственного подхода, поэтому в статье рассмотрены основные реставрационные работы мастера, интересные с точки зрения трансформации и развития его научных взглядов, проанализированы некоторые публикации П. П. Покрышкина, кратко охарактеризованы принципы и методы, которыми он руководствовался, изучен концептуальный аспект его деятельности в области реставрации памятников архитектуры и произведений живописи, дана характеристика подхода П. П. Покрышкина к оценке важности культурного наследия, а также изучен его вклад в отечественную теорию реставрации, что является главной целью данной статьи.  

This article attempts to give the most complete description of the restoration approach of the leading restorer of the Russian Empire, academician of architecture Pyotr Petrovich Pokryshkin (1870–1922). The main direction of his activity was the restoration of architectural monuments and paintings. P.P. Pokryshkin, as a restorer-practitioner, did not leave behind a theoretical treatise in which he would set out in detail and systematically the ideological foundations of his own restoration approach, in particular, the goals, objectives and principles of restoration, unlike European restoration theorists. Therefore, the article discusses the main restoration works of the master, which are interesting from the point of view of the transformation and development of his scientific views; analyzed some publications of P. P. Pokryshkin; briefly described the principles and methods by which he was guided; studied the conceptual aspect of his activities in the field of restoration of architectural monuments and paintings; the characteristic of P. P. Pokryshkin’s approach to assessing the value of cultural heritage and to restoration is given; and also studied his contribution to the domestic theory of restoration, which is the main goal of this article, and a number of other issues.
The Church and Archaeological Cabinet of the Moscow Theological Academy and the Personality of His Holiness Patriarch Alexy I (Simansky)
Authors: Григорьева Наталья Ивановна
Published: August 2023

Настоящая статья посвящена изучению роли Святейшего Патриарха Алексия I (Симанского) в возобновлении и становлении крупнейшего в современной России и единственного во времена Советского Союза церковного музея — Церковно-археологического кабинета Московской духовной академии. Патриарх Алексий I не только способствовал открытию Московских духовных школ и их возвращению в стены Троице-Сергиевой Лавры, сыграл важную роль в сохранении памятников церковного искусства в стенах Церковно-археологического кабинета, устроенного по его благословению в Царских Чертогах Троице-Сергиевой Лавры, но и стал идейным вдохновителем существующей по сей день концепции академического музея. Воспитанный в дореволюционной академии, патриарх Алексий имел непосредственную живую связь с профессорами церковной археологии Московской духовной академии XIX в., а опосредованно эта связь доходила до митрополита Московского Филарета. Источниковедческой базой для раскрытия темы послужили дневниковые записи крестника Патриарха Алексия — заведующего Церковно-археологическим кабинетом протоиерея Алексия Остапова, а также сборники «Материалы Церковно-археологического кабинета», «Журналы Учёного Совета», хранящиеся в библиотеке и архиве Московской духовной академии.  

This article is devoted to the study of the role of His Holiness Patriarch Alexy I (Simansky) in the renewal and development of the largest church museum in modern Russia and the only church museum during the Soviet Union — the Church and Archaeological Cabinet of the Moscow Theological Academy. Patriarch Alexy I not only contributed to the opening of Moscow theological schools and their return to the walls of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, played an important role in the preservation of monuments of church art within the walls of the Church-Archaeological Cabinet, arranged with his blessing in the Royal Halls of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, but also became the ideological inspirer of the concept of the academic museum that exists to this day. Brought up in a pre-revolutionary academy, Patriarch Alexy had a direct, living connection with the professors of church archeology at the Moscow Theological Academy of the 19th century, and indirectly this connection reached the Metropolitan of Moscow Filaret. The source study base for the disclosure of the topic was the diary entries of the godson of Patriarch Alexy — the head of the Church and Archaeological Cabinet, Archpriest Alexy Ostapov, as well as the collections «Materials of the Church and Archaeological Cabinet», «Journals of the Academic Council», stored in the library and archive of the Moscow Theological Academy.
On the Objectivity of Comparative and Statistical Analysis of Hapax Legomena Words: On the Example of Word Analysis of the Epistle to the Hebrews
Authors: Горбунов Сергей Николаевич
Published: August 2023

В статье рассматриваются основные проблемы, связанные с подходами к анализу уникальных слов. Уникальные слова, hapax legomena, привлекают внимание учёных по причине их существенного влияния на описание авторского стиля. Цель работы — показать методологическую односторонность и недостаточную объективность анализа таких слов. В работе приводятся аргументы авторов, которые критически подошли к анализу известных в библеистике результатов и серьёзно их переосмыслили. Статья будет полезна всем, кто интересуется проблемой атрибуции Послания к Евреям, а также проблемой определения авторского стиля в текстах Священного Писания.

The article deals with the main problems in the approach to hapax legomena analysis. Hapax legomena words are important within the problem of identification of the personal style in written texts because the presence of these words indicates particularities in the author’s way of expressing thoughts. Some scholars interpreted the results of the statistical analysis in a specific manner which can hardly, if at all, be regarded as scientific. The aim of the article is to describe general mistakes committed by them. The author hopes the article will be of much interest to those who pay attention to the problem of author’s style and the problem of attribution of biblical texts.
Unity of Church Members in Love: The Doctrine of the Apostle Paul in S. I. Fudel’s Works
Authors: Яснов Никита
Published: August 2023

В статье анализируется учение апостола Павла о жизни христианина в сравнении с размышлениями С. И. Фуделя о пребывании человека в Церкви. Значительное внимание уделяется отрывкам из посланий апостола Павла о единении и любви среди христиан, как истинных последователей Христа. Также в статье была предпринята попытка выяснить причины обращения С. И. Фуделя к «истокам», его стремления к первохристианской простоте и святости. Проведённый анализ даёт возможность сделать вывод о тех условиях, в которых проходила жизнь С. И. Фуделя. Состояние Русской Церкви и её членов на рубеже веков и в советский период дало повод к размышлениям писателя о взаимоотношениях человека с Богом, об отношении человека к Церкви. На основании исследования можно сделать вывод, что период второй половины XIX — первой половины XX в. можно назвать кризисным для Русской Православной Церкви, что побудило С. Н. Фуделя искать ответы в Священном Писании и у святых отцов.

The article analyzes the Apostle Paul’s doctrine about the life of a Christian, as compared with S. I. Fudel’s thoughts about the presence of a person in the Church. Much attention is paid to the passages from the Epistles of the Apostle Paul about unity and love among Christians as true followers of Christ. Also, an attempt was made to find out the reasons for S. I. Fudel's appeal to the “origins”, his strive for original Christian simplicity and holiness. The analysis carried out by the author makes it possible to draw a conclusion about the conditions in which S. I. Fudel lived. The conditions of the Russian Church and its members gave rise to Fudel’s reflections on the relationship between man and God, about man's relationship to the Church. Thus, one can conclude that at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century Eastern Orthodox Church experienced a crisis which caused church writers to start appealing to the authorities of Holy Scripture and the Holy Fathers.
The Beauty of Art as Represented by Russian Religious Philosophers of Late 19th — Early 20th Century
Authors: Бутылкина Елена Владиславовна
Published: August 2023

В статье рассмотрены взгляды представителей русского религиозного ренессанса на проблему красоты искусства, воспринимаемого как продолжение творения и имеющего своей целью преображение тварного мира. В качестве источников использованы философские сочинения В. С. Соловьёва, Е. Н. Трубецкого, протоиерея С. Н. Булгакова, священника П. Флоренского, Н. А. Бердяева. Автор утверждает, что красота в представлении русских религиозных философов определяются как чувственное осуществление абсолютной божественной идеи, а красота тварного мира является результатом воплощения идеального сверхматериального начала в материальной действительности. Основное внимание автор уделяет рассмотрению искусства как предполагаемой области достижения совершенства абсолютной красоты, его действенности и самодостаточности как преображающей силы.

The article examines the views of representatives of the Russian Religious Renaissance on the problem of the beauty of art, perceived as continuation of divine creation and having as its goal a transformation of the created world. The sources used are philosophical works of V. S. Soloviev, E. N. Trubetskoy, Archpriest S. N. Bulgakov, Priest P. A. Florensky, and N. A. Berdyaev. The author indicates that the Russian religious philosophers conceived beauty as sensual realization of God’s absolute idea, and that the beauty of the created world is the result of the embodiment of the ideal supermaterial principle in material reality. The author’s main focus is treating art as a presumed domain where absolute beauty achieves its perfection, effectiveness, and self-sufficiency as a transforming force.
The Concept of Forgiveness in the Works of Selected Philosophers: Divine and Interpersonal Aspects
Authors: Крейдич Александр
Published: August 2023

В статье даётся представление избранных философов о прощении от античности до XX в. Касательно отдельных взглядов на межличностное прощение представлены краткие замечания и комментарии, указывающие на значение концепции прощения или на причины, оказавшие влияние на формирование представления отдельных философов о прощении. Подробно рассматривается концепция межличностного прощения В. Янкелевича, в рамках которой определены и выделены несколько форм прощения: от псевдопрощения до «чистого» прощения. Рассмотрены представления отдельных мыслителей о Божественном прощении: на эти концепции даны краткие замечания и комментарии. Поставлены вопросы, касающиеся возможности сопоставления, сравнения и отождествления межличностного прощения с Божественным прощением. Как согласовать прощение Бога с Его совершенством, неизменяемостью? Как возможно прощение — явление темпоральное — с вечным бытием Бога? На эти вопросы намечены ответы, основанные на представлении о межличностном прощении как образе Божественного прощения и учении о трансцендентности и имманентности Бога относительно нашего мира.

The article provides an insight into forgiveness according to selected philosophers from antiquity up to the 20th century. Brief remarks and comments are presented in the article with regard to individual views on interpersonal forgiveness. They indicate the meaning of the concept of forgiveness or the reasons that influenced the establishment of particular philosophers’ ideas of forgiveness. The notion of interpersonal forgiveness by V. Yankelevich is thoroughly reviewed and several forms of forgiveness are defined and highlighted inside of it: from pseudo-forgiveness to "pure" forgiveness. The article explores the ideas of these philosophers about divine forgiveness which are accompanied by short notes and comments. Also there are questions raised about the possibility of comparison, similarity and identification of interpersonal forgiveness with divine forgiveness. How to coincide the God’s forgiveness with His perfection, immutability? How is forgiveness, as a temporal phenomenon, possible with eternal existence of God? The answers to these questions are given based on the concept of interpersonal forgiveness as an image of divine forgiveness and the doctrine of transcendence and immanence of the God in relation to our world.
Pelaksanaan Kampanye dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Tahun 2020 Provinsi Riau
Authors: Sudaryanto Sudaryanto , Ruslyhardy Ruslyhardy , Irawati Irawati , Cindy Guswanti
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Pelaksanaan Kampanye Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Dearah Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Tahun 2020 Provinsi Riau.  Teori  Antar Venus mengemukakan beberapa variabel yaitu perekrutan dan pelatihan personil kampanye, mengontruksi pesan, meyeleksi penyampaian pesan kampanye, menyeleksi saluran kampanye. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan desain kualitatif. Hasilnya, kegiatan kampanye yang dilakukan oleh pasangan calon sudah terlaksana sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah dibuat oleh Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU). KPU sangat menganjurkan kepada setiap pasangan calon untuk dapat melakukan kegiatan kampanye dan dengan memematuhi penyelenggaran yang sudah disosialisasikan untuk menghindari pelanggaran tindakan pidana yang dilakukan oleh pasangan calon. Penyampaian saluran kampanye ini sudah diatur dan difasilitasi  oleh  KPU. Badan Pengawas Pemilu memberikan arahan tentang penyelenggaraan penyampaian saluran kampanye, untuk menghindari tindakan yang mengarahkan ke pelanggaran hukum pidana bagi pasangan calon. Dalam berlangsungnya 70 hari masa kampanye terdapat beberapa pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh pasangan calon. Pelanggaran tersebut terdapat pelanggaran temuaan dan pelanggaran laporan, ketahuai bahwasanya terdapat pelanggaran temuan dan laporan sebanyak 146 masalah  dalam pelaksanaan kampanye pada tahun 2020 di Provinsi Riau yang di proses
Analysis of Bureaucratic Performance in Improving the Quality of Services in the Education and Health Sector in Pasaman District
Authors: Rusta Andri
Published: August 2023

This study aims to analyze the performance of the bureaucracy in improving the quality of public services for the Pasaman Regency government in the education and health sectors. In the implementation of public services, Pasaman Regency is included in the category (yellow zone) in services with moderate compliance categories. In 2018 Pasaman Regency was in the Very High Ranking based on the EPPD Performance Evaluation and Performance of the Regency. Passover. In addition, based on the analysis of Macro Performance Indicator data, the performance of the Pasaman Regency government has experienced an increase in performance. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. This study aims to analyze and describe the performance of the bureaucracy in improving the service quality of the Pasaman District Government by conducting documentation studies and in-depth interviews. The results of the study showed that efforts to improve public services can be seen from the policy direction of the Pasaman Regency government through a Budget Policy which allocates more to social spending than personnel spending. Furthermore, as an effort to bureaucratic effectiveness, the Pasaman Regency Government streamlined the OPD so that the bureaucracy could run effectively. Then, service quality improvement was also carried out through UHC (Universal Health Coverages) policy innovations to provide the best health services to the community. As well as educational service innovations through a 12-year free education program until they graduate from high school or the equivalent for all student children in Pasaman Regency.
Voter Participation in the Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Elections in Bengkalis Regency 2020
Authors: Usman Usman , Saeri M. , Marta Auradian
Published: August 2023

This study aims to describe and find out about the forms of voter participation in simultaneous regional head elections during the Covid 19 Pandemic Period in Bengkalis Regency in 2020. As well as to find out what are the factors that influence voter participation. This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive analysis method, as well as through a phenomenological approach, where this research can be started by paying attention to and examining the focus of the phenomenon to be examined, which looks at various subjective aspects of the object's behavior, namely the people in Bengkalis Regency who have the right to vote in the 2020 regional elections in accordance with the provisions of the law. The findings in this study are that community participation in the implementation of the 2020 regional head election during the Covid 19 pandemic in Bengkalis Regency increased by 11.50% when compared to the 2015 regional head election as well as the 2010 regional head election. The factors increasing community participation This is due to economic factors, the socialization factor of the organizers, the awareness factor of the voters themselves and also the first time voters, the political trust factor, the trust factor in the candidates, and the mobilization factor carried out by the candidates through the winning team, campaign team, and so on to the people in Bengkalis Regency. However, from all of these factors, based on the results of the research conducted by the researchers, the main factor that led to an increase in voter turnout was money politics or gifts in other forms carried out by election participants.
KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK DAN SANKSI PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP MOTIVASI MEMBAYAR PAJAK DENGAN PERAN TAX AMNESTY SEBAGAI PEMODERASI
Authors: Husaeri Nury Syifaunnisa , Utami Citra Kharisma
Published: August 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis peran tax amnesty sebagai pemoderasi kesadaran wajib pajak dan sanksi perpajakan terhadap motivasi membayar pajak pada UMKM di Kecamatan Bojongloa Kidul Kota Bandung. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu kesadaran wajib pajak dan sanksi perpajakan sebagai variabel independent, sedangkan motivasi membayar pajak sebagai variabel dependen dan tax amnesty sebagai variabel moderasi. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagian kepada wajib pajak umkm yang beromzet <4,8 M pertahun dengan Teknik sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah wajib pajak umkm di Kec. Bojongloa Kidul dengan menggunakan sampel 98 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesaran wajib pajak, sanksi perpajakan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi membayar pajak. Tax amnesty memperkuat hubungan hubungan antara kesadaran wajib pajak, dan sanksi perpajakan terhadap motivasi membayar pajak.
Alas (Hellas), there is no hope: It’s not a crisis, it’s a culture
Authors: Stavroulakis Peter J.
Published: August 2023

The domain of financial crises has provided public rhetoric, along with research and policy, a wide range of leeway for analysis, modeling and interpretation. In many and diverse cases throughout the world, different strategies for the mitigation of financial crises have presented an array of divergent results. One case of a crisis that is prevalent, is that of Greece. This crisis is standing tall for more than a decade; bailouts have given their place to more bailouts, austerity has brought much of the same, and there seems to be no end in sight. Through the structured comparative results of qualitative research, with the incorporation of dashes of Hellenic realism, a theoretical framework as to the decisive factors of the Hellenic financial crisis is formulated. The framework may be applicable not only for the Greek case; it might be found to hold a more generic dimension, and role, within our global society.
The Failure of Public Water Utility Privatization From Araral’s Perspective: Implications for Ethiopia’s Water Sector
Authors: Assefa Tefera
Published: August 2023

Professor Eduardo Araral is both a theorist and a practitioner. He specializes in studying the causes and implications of institutions for collective action and governance. He has written and coauthored several papers and books and presented at various conferences. Some of his notable works include Global Water Resources: Festschrift in Honor of Asit K. Biswas (2021), Water Tariffs and Affordability in Urban Water Supply and Wastewater Systems (2023), Water Governance 2.0: A Review and Second Generation Research Agenda (2013), Comparative water law, policies, and administration in Asia: Evidence from 17 countries (2013), Public provision for urban water: getting prices and governance right, Water demand management: a review of literature and comparison in Southeast Asia, and Reform of water institutions: a review of evidence and international experiences are some of the articles he published specifically on water utility service. These contributions provide ample practical evidence and a theoretical foundation for future improvement of the water sector in any setting. Hence, reviewing Araral’s perspectives and showing its implication for the Ethiopian water sector would inform policymakers to consider how to reform the sector for the benefit of the public without compromising the fiscal, efficiency, environmental, and social aspects of public water utility reform. The focus of this review article is “The Failure of Water Utilities Privatization: Synthesis of Evidence, Analysis and Implications”, which emphasizes the critical analysis of the evidence of fiscal and efficiency hypothesis for privatization to indicate and justify the failures of public water utilities. However, to make the review more critical, the environmental and social aspects of public water utility reform were also used in this review. This review article is divided into five parts: introduction, hypothesis (fiscal and efficiency), evidence and explanation for the failure of privatization, the limitations of the article, and the implication for the Ethiopian water utility sector.
Teaching Patterns in Technological Curricula
Authors: Mahasneh Omar
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to explain the patterns of teaching in technological curricula. Using a descriptive analytical approach, 11 teaching patterns were identified through analysis of books and websites: distance teaching, flipped teaching, blended teaching, hybrid teaching, simultaneous e-learning, asynchronous e-learning, network teaching, mobile teaching, self-teaching, programmed teaching, and smart teaching. Each pattern is briefly described along with visual examples. The patterns differ in their use of technology, student-teacher roles, synchrony, and location. Understanding these patterns can help educators select appropriate approaches when designing and delivering technological curricula.
Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Plant Extracts of Acacia arabica, Prosopis juliflora, Abutilon indicum, and Bryonia laciniosa on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli
Authors: Andhare Aishwarya , Bharambe Suchita , Pawar Amol , Sutar Dhiraj
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: In the recent era, biological treatment using therapeutic microbes or phytochemicals has proven more beneficial than conventional methods due to several reasons - permanent control of weeds, host-specific control, cost-effectiveness, and low health risk.
This study determined the antimicrobial sensitivity profile of _Staphylococcus aureus_, _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_, and _Escherichia coli_ against plants like _Acacia arabica_, _Prosopis juliflora_, _Abutilon indicum_, and _Bryonia laciniosa_. Given the importance and ease of using phytochemicals in modern Microbiology, this study has been carried out towards the approach of green synthesis of antimicrobial agents.

METHODS: The primary purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial sensitivity of _Staphylococcus aureus_, _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_, and _Escherichia coli_ using extracts from plants like _Acacia arabica_, _Prosopis juliflora_, _Abutilon indicum_, and _Bryonia laciniosa_. Antimicrobial properties of plant extracts were analyzed by determining the _Zone of Inhibition_ (_ZOI_). The antibiogram pattern of isolated _Staphylococcus aureus_, _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_, and _Escherichia coli_ was observed to be Susceptible, Intermediate, and Slightly Resistant to _Acacia arabica_, _Prosopis juliflora_, _Abutilon indicum_, and _Bryonia laciniosa_.

RESULTS: Phytochemical analysis indicates that the extracts of _Acacia arabica_, _Prosopis juliflora_, _Abutilon indicum_, and _Bryonia laciniosa_ have the potential for use in managing _Staphylococcus aureus_, _Pseudomonas aeruginosa_, and _Escherichia coli_. Further phytochemical analysis is required to identify the active components of plant extracts showing antimicrobial activity.
General secondary education of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law and reconstruction: realities, experience, prospects
Authors: Burda Mykhailo , Vasylashko Iryna , Vasylieva Daryna , Holovko Mykola , Holub Nina , Goroshkina Olena , Gupan Nestor , Gushchyna Nataliia , Hroma Volodymyr , Zavadskyi Ihor , Zasiekina Tetiana , Korshevniuk Tetiana , Korshunova Olha , Malienko Julia , Masol Liudmyla , Machacha Tetiana , Moroz Iryna , Moroz Petro , Pometun Olena , Radkevych Oleksandr , Redko Valerii , Remekh Tetiana , Rudych Maksym , Sierova Galyna , Tarasenkova Nіna , Tverdokhlib Ihor , Tryhub Iryna , Tutashynskyi Vasyl , Yatsenko Tamila
Published: August 2023

In the publication the methodological recommendations before the beginning of the new academic year of the specialists of the Institute of Pedagogy of the NAES of Ukraine were published . The orientations of international and non-governmental organizations regarding the provision of continuity of education in the conditions of war, the issue of distance learning organization in Ukraine are highlighted. Innovative changes in the organization of the educational process concerning the reform of general secondary education "New Ukrainian School" and the conditions of martial law are considered. For teaching staff of general secondary education institutions.
The Manifestations of Using Force in Preemptive War
Authors: لجي الحديد طلعت جياد , يونس بيريز فتاح
Published: August 2023

The Issue of preemptive war and the protection of States against the dangers and threats they face is a process that facilitates rectifying things and carrying out defensive operations that gave rise, in turn, to the legal capacity through repeating and stating them in the international agreements. Self-defense in international law is very similar to the right of defense in the national laws of states which consider the individual’s protection and survival as having the priority over the violator or the enemy. In order tackle all the aspects of the topic, the researchers have tried to divide the study into two main sections. The first section is about the definition of preemptive wars and the scholars’ opinions through two subsections: the first gives the definition of pre-emptive war, and the second tackles the requirements and the motivations of the preemptive war. While the second section which falls in two subsections is related to the role of the international organizations in defining these wars and their mechanisms. The first subsection is about the role of the League of Nations, and the second is about the role of the .United Nations in such wars
Legal Capacity Between Applicable Law And Public Order
Authors: قنبر ماهر ابراهيم
Published: August 2023

The research introduces the legal capacity of individuals at the level of the international private relations, their types, importance and influence in the international private individuals’ relations, determining the law to be applied to them, and foregrounding the public system for the application of the law that referred to by the rule of ascription.
The Impact of the Electronic Media on Women's Rights within the Framework of the Public International Law
Authors: احمد نهى عبد الخالق
Published: August 2023

The era of digital technology and electronic media has become a major reason for the diversity and multiplicity of effects that have emerged in our societies and directly affected most of its social groups, especially women whether negatively or positively. Undoutedly, it is clear the positive effect that reflected the role of women and the reality of being an effective factor in society in all its political, social, cultural and even economic aspects, whether in peacetime or conflict. Women have become peacemakers and leaders in their societies.

However, this technological revolution has left negative effect on women and their rights and the most serious one is the impudent images the media publishes which are not appropriate to their value or place in society. Thus, the electronic media plays a negative role in their exploitation, manipulation and in violating their rights through considering them as a commodity that is bought and sold on websites for sexual or terrorist purposes.

Women are sometimes defamed or subject to privacy violation or being threatened or blackmailed and what we see today is a clear evidence of such threats against the brains and the activists in the field of the human rights. Therefore, for the importance of this topic and its risks, there has been a special focus on the role of the electronic media and its reflections on women's rights within the framework of the rules of the international law.
The Role of Electronic Human Resources Management in Reducing Black Management Practices A field study of the opinions of a sample of Zain employees
Authors: ابراهيم رؤى أحمد , محل سامي ذياب
Published: August 2023

Electronic human resource management is an essential element for many organizations, so interest in it is the main engine for the growth and development of organizations to keep pace with technological changes, so this research focused on explaining the role of electronic human resources management in reducing black management practices, and the answer to it was aimed at elucidating the intellectual connotations The theoretical and practical philosophy of these variables (electronic human resource management, black management practices), and this research falls into two main parts: the first section included the research methodology, and theoretical approaches to the research variables and its dimensions, while the second section presented the practical framework for the research hypotheses, as well as its conclusions and recommendations. The research sample was represented by a group of workers in Zain Iraq, by examining the influence and correlation relations between the research variables (electronic human resources management, black management practices), and the descriptive analytical approach was adopted, as well as selecting a sample of (108) workers Individual, by adopting the questionnaire form as a measurement tool, and the data was processed through the statistical program (SPSS) to prove the validity of the research hypotheses related to the correlation and influence between the two research variables (electronic human resources management, black management practices) and the use of multiple regression coefficient and correlation coefficient as statistical methods. The most prominent conclusions reached by the research in the theoretical and field framework, the most important of which is the achievement of a positive moral correlation between the collective electronic human resources management and the company's black management practices, the research sample in terms of its variables according to the value of the correlation factor at the aggregate level. Based on the findings of the research, the research presented some recommendations, the most important of which is the necessity for the company to pay attention to the research sample in the subject of electronic human resources management by carrying out the implementation of administrative activities through the use of information technology in reducing black management practices.
The Contract of Professional Sports in the Iraqi Legal System
Authors: شويش غزوان عبدالحميد
Published: August 2023

Sports professionalism contract is a time contract, it is a contract with a limited duration in nature, and generally ends with its termination, unless the two parties agree to otherwise or one of them violates the condition of the period, and therefore bears the responsibility for breaching it by carrying out its commitment or compensation to the other party, or that it bears the agreed penal condition In the contract, and the contract for sports professionalism is a relatively recent contract and has its characteristics that distinguish it from other contracts, in addition to its compliance with the general provisions of the contract in the civil law, and the Iraqi legislator has covered it in regulation in the Sports Professionalism Law No. )60(of 2017, and the correct opinion goes into jurisprudence The law indicates that he is p D work, and accordingly the rules governing the work contract apply to him, as well as the provisions contained in the sports regulations, and arranges corresponding obligations on both sides (the professional athlete and the contracting institution). The professional athlete provides his services and expertise to the contracting club whose main obligation is before the professional athlete to pay the agreed fee in The contract, and the personal consideration of the professional athlete plays an important role in this contract
The Internal Displacement of the Population and its Impact on the Exacerbation of the Phenomenon of Random Housing
Authors: علي المفرجي ثامر رضا , صالح مثنى سرهيد , علي تحسين ابراهيم
Published: August 2023

Whether displacement- within the borders of one country or outside it is a phenomenon that has very negative and server effects on the people themselves and we find that this phenomenon is due to several reasons including due to man-made disasters such as armed conflicts-wars –and situations of tension and disturbances The interior that violates human rights whether in terms of the rules of international humanitarian law public international law or international human rights law or these disasters may be caused by things beyond the control of man but by nature such as earthquakes floods volcanoes and other The reasons for removing the civilian population from their environments and areas in search of safer places than their areas of origin
Warranty of Risks for the Sale of Agricultural Pesticides
Authors: ياسين تحسين ناجي
Published: August 2023

This study aims to shed light on the obligations of the seller of agricultural pesticides and their damages towards the other buyer (the farmer), far from defending one side but not another one, therefore, the seller has many obligations such as informing the buyer about the method of using pesticides, methods of warning them and taking the necessary precautions, and If we look at it, it carries with it many risks, and it is in contact with people's lives and has a dangerous nature. This study was taken by posing the problem that it assumed the buyer would follow everything recommended and the seller warned against, but the result was laden with many damages due to the lack of product quality and the crops were severely damaged, In addition to skin diseases and other things for farms, after that, the seller was notified whether we would be in front of compensation and the consequent penalty for his breach of these actions in front of the buyer.
Uncovering the Neurobiological Consequences of High-Voltage Electrical Field Exposure on the Visual Working Memory of Macaques and Also Using Spiking Neural Network Model
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas., Aliyari Hamed , Hosseinian Mohsen ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran., Menhaj Mohammad Bagher ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran., Sahraei Hedayat ,   Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shabani Mohsen ,   Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Kazemi Masoomeh ,   Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: August 2023

High-voltage (HV) power transmission lines running near cities and villages can cause severe damage (Mental and physical). Due to the magnetic and electric fields they produce. This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-voltage (HV) electric fields on the spiking neural network model of the brain and biological and behavioral models of visual working memory. To achieve this goal, macaques were studied for their cognitive functions, expression of the NMDA receptor gene, MRI-assisted analysis of brain anatomy, and variations in blood sodium and potassium concentrations. The experimental group of macaques was exposed to a 3kV/m high-voltage field for four hours a day for one month. Computational models were then evaluated using experimental parameters. According to the results, it was observed that being exposed to high-voltage electric fields led to a reduction in the expression of the NMDA receptor gene, as well as a decrease in the levels of Sodium and potassium ions in the blood plasma. Additionally, analysis assisted by MRI showed a decrease in the volume of the hippocampus and amygdala after exposure to the electric field. In conclusion, the results of cognitive, genetic, blood, and MRI tests, along with the spiking neural network model, elucidate the mechanism of the visual working memory deterioration in macaques due to high-voltage electric field exposure.
Effect of Fatigue on the Core Muscle Endurance in Female Athletes With and Without Non-specific Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors:   Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Hajmirzaei Tafreshi Mehri , Minoonejad Hooman ,   Department of Sports Injury and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Seidi Foad ,   Department of Sports Injury and Biomechanics, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: Non-specific chronic low back pain (LBP) is the most common type of chronic LBP and a common debilitating condition, especially in athletes, that can also affect performance. The core muscles are necessary to create a stable level of support for sports performance and appropriate movements of all organs, and its deficiency is related to complications, such as LBP. This research aims to investigate the effect of a fatigue protocol on core muscle endurance in athletes with and without non-specific chronic LBP. Methods: A controlled laboratory study was conducted; 42 female athletes with and without non-specific chronic LBP were selected through convenience sampling method and divided into two groups with non-specific chronic LBP and without non-specific chronic LBP. McGill’s core endurance test was used to measure core muscle endurance. The measurements were done before and after the implementation of the functional core fatigue protocol (FCFP). SPSS software, version 22 and dependent t-tests and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to evaluate mean differences obtained in the two groups. The significance level was considered 95%, and the α level was ≤0.05. Results: The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed a significant difference between the two groups with and without non-specific chronic LBP after performing the functional core fatigue protocol (FCFP) in McGill’s test scores in isometric flexion exercise (P=0.001), isometric extensor exercise (P=0.001), right side bridge (P=0.001) and left side bridge (P=0.001). In the post-test measurement, the endurance of the core muscles decreased in the LBP group. Conclusion: The findings revealed that fatigue can affect the core stability and reduce the core muscles endurance of female athletes with non-specific chronic LBP. Therefore, core muscle weakness can be recognized as a risk factor for chronic LBP, and in order to prevent this damage, it is recommended to strengthen this area in rehabilitation programs.
Long-term Exercises on Sand Improved Frequency Spectrum of Lower Limb Muscles During Running in Runners With Over-pronated Feet
Authors:   Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran., Jafarnezhadgero Amirali , Gadehri Kosar ,   Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran., Fakhri Mirzanag Ehsan ,   Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: Pronated feet (PF) are associated with biomechanical changes during running. It seems that sand training can be a suitable intervention for rehabilitation in individuals with over-pronated feet. This study aims to investigate the effect of long-term exercises on the sand on the frequency of lower limb muscles during running in runners with over-pronated feet. Methods: The current study was a quasi-experimental type. A total of 29 controls with a mean age of 22.2±2.5 years (control group [CG]) and 30 pronated feet (PF) individuals with a mean age of 22.2±1.9 years (intervention group [IG]) participated in this study. In both pre and post-test phases, participants run barefoot on an 18-m runway at a constant velocity of 3.3±5% m/s while EMG activity was recorded using an EMG system. The sand training includes barefoot running for 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. The frequency of lower limb muscle activities was used as a dependent variable. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The results demonstrated a significant group×time interaction for gluteus medius (gluteus-M) frequency content at the mid-stance phase (P<0.001; η2=0.670). The results demonstrated an increase of frequency content for gluteus-M in CG (but not in IG) at post-test compared to the pre-test. The results demonstrated a significant group×time interaction for medial gastrocnemius (Gas-M) frequency content at push-off phase (P=0.049; η2 =0.298). Post-hoc analysis demonstrated an increase of Gas-M frequency content in IG (but not in the CG) at the post-test compared to the pre-test. Conclusion: As mentioned in a previous study, the reduction of gluteus-M frequency content in IG may be associated with reduced foot pronation after sand training. A higher Gas-M frequency content in the IG after training may lead to improved force generation during the push-off phase.
Detecting probable manipulation of financial statements. Evidence from a selected Zimbabwe Stock Exchange-Listed bank
Authors: Mavengere Kudakwashe , Dlamini Banele
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The study used the Beneish M Score to discover
probable financial statement manipulation by a selected
Zimbabwe Stock Exchange-listed bank.
Research methodology: The Beneish M Score eight variable
statistical model was applied to secondary data of the selected
bank from 2011 to 2018. The model utilizes ratios in
distinguishing between manipulators and non-manipulators,
with a yardstick measure of -2.22. Results greater than -2.22,
classify the organization as a financial statements manipulator
with less than -2.22 classify it as a non-manipulator.
Results: The M score model detected manipulation for the
years 2011 (-0.74), 2013 (-1.84), and 2015 (-2.19), which are
greater than the benchmark of -2.22. The years 2012 (-3.17),
2014 (-2.46), 2016 (-3.07), 2017 (-2.80) and 2018 (-2.42)
reveal the bank as a non-manipulator as these values are less
than -2.22.
Limitations: The Beneish M score statistical model was
modeled for manufacturing companies. The study sought to
test the M Score’s applicability in the banking sector and it was
restricted to the selected bank for the years 2011 to 2018.
Contribution: The Beneish M score is a valuable model for
users of issued annual financial statements to guard against
earnings manipulation. Stakeholders rely on audited financial
statements, believed to be free from manipulation, yet
companies fold up with unqualified audit opinions contained
in published financial statements. The study validates the
Beneish M score statistical model for detecting manipulation
in published annual financial statements in Zimbabwe, where
there is limited research on earnings manipulation.