bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A high-performance imaging probe with NIR luminescence and synergistically enhanced T1–T2 relaxivity for in vivo hepatic tumor targeting and multimodal imaging
Authors: Liu Jian , Li Zhengzheng , Yang Xiangliang , Liu Weisheng , Wang Baodui , Zhu Yanhong , Mu Ketao , Zhu Wenzhen
Published: July 2015

A high-performance nanoprobe with high tumor-targeting efficacy, NIR luminescence and synergistically enhanced T1-/T2-weighted MR imaging in vivo was synthesized.
Control of the cavity size of flexible covalent cages by silver coordination to the peripheral binding sites
Authors: Kocher Lucas , Durot Stéphanie , Heitz Valérie
Published: July 2015

A flexible covalent cage was synthesized thanks to a DABCO-templated CuAAC reaction. Coordination of Ag(i) on the peripheral triazoles locks the conformation of the porphyrin cage.
Continuous synthesis of dispersant-coated hydroxyapatite plates
Authors: Gimeno-Fabra M. , Hild F. , Dunne P. W. , Walton K. , Grant D. M. , Irvine Derek J. , Lester E. H.
Published: July 2015

A continuous flow hydrothermal synthetic route which allows the direct “in situ” capping/coating of hydroxyapatite nanoplates with functional dispersants in a single stage is reported.
Chirality, entropy and crystallization in polymers: isotactic poly(3-methyl-1-pentene) as an example of influence of chirality and entropy on the crystal structure
Authors: De Rosa Claudio , Auriemma Finizia , Santillo Chiara , Di Girolamo Rocco , Leone Giuseppe , Ricci Giovanni
Published: July 2015

Crystals induce order but disorder and entropy drive crystallization. Crystallization of poly(3-methyl-1-pentene) is driven by different entropic effects related to chirality and different types of disorder.
The catalyzed hydrogen sorption mechanism in alkali alanates
Authors: Kocabas Atakli Züleyha Özlem , Callini Elsa , Kato Shunsuke , Mauron Philippe , Orimo Shin-Ichi , Züttel Andreas
Published: July 2015

The hydrogen sorption pathways of alkali alanates were analyzed and a mechanism for the catalytic hydrogen sorption was developed.
Two-dimensional ultrafast vibrational spectroscopy of azides in ionic liquids reveals solute-specific solvation
Authors: Dutta Samrat , Ren Zhe , Brinzer Thomas , Garrett-Roe Sean
Published: July 2015

2D-IR studies of organic and inorganic azides dissolved in ionic liquids show different solvation structures and picosecond dynamics.
Theoretical studies of molecular orientation and charge recombination in poly-paraphenylenevinylene light-emitting diodes
Authors: Aikawa Koharu , Sumita Masato , Shimodo Yasuyo , Morihashi Kenji
Published: July 2015

Effects of the rotation of donors or acceptors in the OPV3 dimer on its charge recombination process by constrained DFT calculations.
Luminescent films for chemo- and biosensing
Authors: Guan Weijiang , Zhou Wenjuan , Lu Jun , Lu Chao
Published: July 2015

This review summarizes the recent advances in luminescent films with the assembly techniques and their applications in chemo-/bio-sensing.
Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous spinel-type MCr2O4 (M = Co, Ni, Zn, Mn) catalysts with highly enhanced catalytic performance for soot combustion
Authors: Wang Jinguo , Yang Gaoyang , Cheng Li , Shin Eun Woo , Men Yong
Published: July 2015

MCr2O4 catalysts with three-dimensional ordered macroporous structures displayed superior catalytic activity for soot combustion to their bulk counterparts.
Synthesis of novel lanthanide acylpyrazolonato ligands with long aliphatic chains and immobilization of the Tb complex on the surface of silica pre-modified via hydrophobic interactions
Authors: Pettinari C. , Marchetti F. , Pettinari R. , Belousov Y. A. , Taydakov I. V. , Krasnobrov V. D. , Petukhov D. I. , Drozdov A. A.
Published: July 2015

Immobilization of a Tb acylpyrazolonato complex on silica surfaces via hydrophobic interactions.
A nickel complex of a conjugated bis-dithiocarbazate Schiff base for the photocatalytic production of hydrogen
Authors: Wise Catherine F. , Liu Dan , Mayer Kathryn J. , Crossland Patrick M. , Hartley Carolyn L. , McNamara William R.
Published: July 2015

A nickel complex containing a conjugated bis-dithiocarbazate ligand is an active catalyst for the reduction of protons into hydrogen gas.
Photochemical charge transfer observed in nanoscale hydrogen evolving photocatalysts using surface photovoltage spectroscopy
Authors: Wang J. , Zhao J. , Osterloh F. E.
Published: July 2015

The application of inorganic nanostructures for solar water splitting is currently limited by our understanding of photochemical charge transfer on the nanoscale, where space charge layers are less effective for carrier separation.
Enhanced disinfection by-product formation due to nanoparticles in wastewater treatment plant effluents
Authors: Metch Jacob W. , Ma Yanjun , Pruden Amy , Vikesland Peter J.
Published: July 2015

Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly being incorporated into consumer products and are being used for industrial applications in ways that will lead to their environmental dissemination via wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs).
Transepithelial transport of phenolic acids in Flos Lonicerae Japonicae in intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers
Authors: Zhou Wei , Shan Jinjun , Wang Shouchuan , Cai Baochang , Di Liuqing
Published: July 2015

Intestinal absorptions of phenolic acids as well as those inFlos Lonicerae Japonicaewere all mainly restricted by TJs.
Calycosin induces apoptosis by the regulation of ERβ/miR-17 signaling pathway in human colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Chen Jian , Zhao Xinge , Li Xin , Wu Yiying
Published: July 2015

Prior studies have suggested that a high intake of isoflavonoids is associated with a protective effect against hormone-related cancers, such as colorectal cancer (CRC).
Dietary Rosa mosqueta (Rosa rubiginosa) oil prevents high diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice
Authors: D'Espessailles Amanda , Dossi Camila G. , Espinosa Alejandra , González-Mañán Daniel , Tapia Gladys S.
Published: July 2015

The effects of dietary Rosa mosqueta (RM,Rosa rubiginosa) oil, rich in α-linolenic acid, in the prevention of liver steatosis were studied in mice fed a high fat diet (HFD).
Intrinsic and induced drug resistance mechanisms: in silico investigations at the cellular and tissue scales
Authors: Liu Cong , Krishnan J. , Xu Xiao Yun
Published: July 2015

Basic in silico models used to study intrinsic and acquired variants of two types of cellular resistance mechanisms demonstrate important tissue-level differences and consequences.
Research highlights: nanopore protein detection and analysis
Authors: Acharya Shiv , Edwards Shayson , Schmidt Jacob
Published: July 2015

Nanopore detection of specific protein species using carrier DNA – Quantitative protein concentration determination using aptamers – Protein folding studied with unfoldase-coupled nanopores.
The synthesis and characterization of lead sulfide with cube-like structure as a counter electrode in the presence of urea using a hydrothermal method
Authors: Rao Sunkara Srinivasa , Durga Ikkurthi Kanaka , Tulasi-Varma Chebrolu Venkata , Punnoose Dinah , Cheol Lee Jae , Kim Hee-Je
Published: July 2015

PbS counter electrodes at different concentrations of urea.
Facile strategy for the synthesis of non-covalently bonded and para-toluene sulfonic acid-functionalized fibrous polyaniline@graphene–PVC nanocomposite for the removal of Congo red
Authors: Ansari Mohd Omaish , Kumar Rajeev , Parveen Nazish , Barakat Mohamed A. , Cho Moo Hwan
Published: July 2015

Possible interactions between CR and pTSA–Pani@GN–PVC fiber.
Synthesis, characterization and application of a modified acrylamide–styrene sulfonate resin and a composite for sorption of some rare earth elements
Authors: Borai Emad Hassan , Hamed Mahmoud Goneam , El-kamash Ahmed Mohamed , Siyam Tharwat , El-Sayed Gamal Owis
Published: July 2015

A new composite was successfully prepared by irradiation polymerization. The composite has higher uptake and capacity for lanthanides than polymers.
Shape effect in cellular uptake of PEGylated nanoparticles: comparison between sphere, rod, cube and disk
Authors: Li Ying , Kröger Martin , Liu Wing Kam
Published: July 2015

Through molecular simulations, we find that the spherical NPs exhibit the fastest internalization rate, followed by the cubic NPs, then rod- and disk-like NPs.
Laser generated gold nanocorals with broadband plasmon absorption for photothermal applications
Authors: Poletti Annamaria , Fracasso Giulio , Conti Giamaica , Pilot Roberto , Amendola Vincenzo
Published: July 2015

Gold nanocorals (AuNC) are obtained by a “green” method consisting of laser irradiation, followed by anisotropic self-assembly without templating agents. The AuNC dispersion has broadband plasmon absorption from the visible to near infrared region, unitary light-to-heat conversion efficiency, versatile surface chemistry and biocompatibility.
Ruthenium-catalyzed cyclization of N-carbamoyl indolines with alkynes: an efficient route to pyrroloquinolinones
Authors: Manoharan Ramasamy , Jeganmohan Masilamani
Published: July 2015

A regioselective synthesis of substituted pyrroloquinolinones by a ruthenium-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of substituted N-carbamoyl indolines with alkynes is described.
Visible light-induced selective hydrobromodifluoromethylation of alkenes with dibromodifluoromethane
Authors: Lin Qing-Yu , Xu Xiu-Hua , Qing Feng-Ling
Published: July 2015

The visible light-induced addition of CF2Br2 to alkenes proceeded smoothly in the presence of catalytic eosin Y, affording various hydrobromodifluoromethylated products in moderate to excellent yields.
Synthesis of aromatic β-keto esters via a carbonylative Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction of α-iodo esters with arylboronic acids
Authors: Sumino Shuhei , Ui Takahito , Ryu Ilhyong
Published: July 2015

Aromatic β-keto esters were synthesized via a carbonylative cross-coupling reaction of alkyl iodides and arylboronic acids in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd catalyst.
Effect of dye end groups in non-fullerene fluorene- and carbazole-based small molecule acceptors on photovoltaic performance
Authors: Kim Yujeong , Song Chang Eun , Moon Sang-Jin , Lim Eunhee
Published: July 2015

Fluorene- and carbazole-based small molecules with dye end groups were synthesized for use as non-fullerene acceptors in organic photovoltaic cells.
A new soybean meal-based bioadhesive enhanced with 5,5-dimethyl hydantoin polyepoxide for the improved water resistance of plywood
Authors: Luo Jing , Li Chenchen , Li Xiaona , Luo Jianlin , Gao Qiang , Li Jianzhang
Published: July 2015

The primary goal of this study is to improve the water resistance of a soybean meal-based bioadhesive and its resultant plywood with water-soluble 5,5-dimethyl hydantoin polyepoxide (DMHP).
Phycocyanobilin, a bioactive tetrapyrrolic compound of blue-green alga Spirulina, binds with high affinity and competes with bilirubin for binding on human serum albumin
Authors: Minic Simeon L. , Milcic Miloš , Stanic-Vucinic Dragana , Radibratovic Milica , Sotiroudis Theodore G. , Nikolic Milan R. , Velickovic Tanja Ćirković
Published: July 2015

High affinity, stereo-selective binding of phycocyanobilinM-conformer to HSA, and its competition with bilirubin, warfarin and hemin for the binding to protein.
Self-polarization induced by lattice mismatch and defect dipole alignment in (001) BaTiO3/LaNiO3 polycrystalline film prepared by magnetron sputtering at low temperature
Authors: Hou Y. F. , Zhang T. D. , Li W. L. , Cao W. P. , Yu Y. , Xu D. , Wang W. , Liu X. L. , Fei W. D.
Published: July 2015

Upward self-polarization induced by lattice mismatch and defect dipole alignment in (001) BaTiO3/LaNiO3 polycrystalline film at low temperature.
An easy and novel approach to prepare Fe3O4–reduced graphene oxide composite and its application for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Xianhong , Lai Xin , Hu Jinhui , wan Long
Published: July 2015

A ferroferric oxide–reduced graphene oxide (Fe3O4–rGO) composite is prepared by a facile one-step solvothermal method in which the reduction process of graphene oxide (GO) into rGO was accompanied by the generation of Fe3O4 particles.
Flame-retardant, flexible vermiculite–polymer hybrid film
Authors: Cheong Jun Young , Ahn Jaehwan , Seo Mintae , Nam Yoon Sung
Published: July 2015

Flame-retardant, flexible polymer thin film and coating materials are in large demand for various applications.
Pyrolysis versus hydrolysis behavior during steam decomposition of polyesters using18O-labeled steam
Authors: Kumagai Shogo , Morohoshi Yuto , Grause Guido , Kameda Tomohito , Yoshioka Toshiaki
Published: July 2015

A method was developed to distinguish between hydrolysis and pyrolysis pathways in the steam degradation of various polyesters. Selectivity was shown to be strongly influenced by the polyester structure.
A novel electrochemical hydrogen peroxide biosensor based on hemoglobin capped gold nanoclusters–chitosan composite
Authors: Shamsipur Mojtaba , Pashabadi Afshin , Molaabasi Fatemeh
Published: July 2015

In this work, the first direct electrochemistry of Hb-AuNCs and its electrocatalysis towards H2O2 in a biosensing system has been reported.
Separation of dibutyl carbonate/butyl carbamate close-boiling mixture using imidazolium-based ionic liquids
Authors: Wang Peixue , Liu Shimin , Lu Liujin , Ma Xiangyuan , He Yude , Deng Youquan
Published: July 2015

The separation of dibutyl carbonate (DBC) from butyl carbamate (BC) using ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl).
Thermodynamic predicting and atomistic modeling the favored compositions for Mg–Ni–Y metallic glasses
Authors: Wang Q. , Li J. H. , Liu B. X.
Published: July 2015

For Mg–Ni–Y system, glass formation is jointly studied by thermodynamic calculations and atomistic simulations. The prediction results have extensive implications for the Mg-based family and could be of great help for guiding the composition design.
Lanthanide(iii) morpholine 4-dithiocarbamate complexes: Pr(iii) derivative shows first example of polymeric lanthanide(iii) dithiocarbamate
Authors: Mahato Mamata , Jana Partha P. , Harms Klaus , Nayek Hari Pada
Published: July 2015

Polymeric and discrete Ln(iii) morpholine 4-dithiocarbamate complexes [Ln(Phen)(Mph-Dtc)3]x·CH2Cl2 [Ln = Pr (1), Nd (2) and Eu (3); Mph-Dtc = morpholine 4-dithiocarbamate; x = 2 (1) or 1 (2, 3)] have been synthesized and characterized.
An overview of Zn-catalyzed enantioselective aldol type C–C bond formation
Authors: Thankachan Amrutha P. , Asha S. , Sindhu K. S. , Anilkumar Gopinathan
Published: July 2015

Enantioselective zinc-catalyzed aldol reactions provide an efficient route for the construction of a wide range of carbon–carbon bond-formation, which are described here.
Durability enhanced ionic liquid catalyst for Friedel–Crafts reaction between benzene and 1-dodecene: insight into catalyst deactivation
Authors: He Yibo , Wan Chao , Zhang Qinghua , Zhan Xiaoli , Cheng Dang-guo , Chen Fengqiu
Published: July 2015

Friedel–Crafts alkylation of benzene with 1-dodecene, which is an important reaction of synthetic detergent, was studied using the durability enhanced catalyst [bmim][TFSI]/AlCl3 (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide/AlCl3).
A novel and anti-agglomerating Ni@yolk–ZrO2 structure with sub-10 nm Ni core for high performance steam reforming of methane
Authors: Lim Zi-Yian , Wu Chunzheng , Wang Wei Guo , Choy Kwang-Leong , Yin Hongfeng
Published: July 2015

A Ni@yolk–ZrO2 catalyst is used to study steam reforming of methane under various GHSVs and steam-to-carbon (S/C) ratios, and its recyclability. The catalyst was evaluated on a time stream and we identified its anti-agglomeration properties and coking mechanism.
A facile CO2 switchable nanocomposite with reversible transition from sol to self-healable hydrogel
Authors: Zhang Lei , Qian Jiasheng , Fan Yujiao , Feng Wei , Tao Zhen , Yang Haiyang
Published: July 2015

We demonstrated a facile CO2 switchable nanocomposite system with reversible transition from sol to self-healable hydrogels.
Composition dependence of phase structure and electrical properties of BiMnO3-modified Bi0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3 thin films
Authors: Li Peng , Li Wei , Zhai Jiwei , Shen Bo , Zeng Huarong , Zhao Kunyu
Published: July 2015

Lead-free (1 − x)Bi0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3-xBiMnO3 (BNKT-xBMO, 0 < x < 0.025) thin films were deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by a sol–gel method, and the effects of BiMnO3 addition on the crystal structure and electrical properties were systematically investigated.
A case study: effect of defects in CVD-grown graphene on graphene enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Yoon Jong-Chul , Thiyagarajan Pradheep , Ahn Hyo-Jin , Jang Ji-Hyun
Published: July 2015

PMMA-transferred graphene provides much larger GERS signal enhancement than TRT-transferred graphene.
Jatrocurcadiones A and B: two novel diterpenoids with an unusual 10,11-seco-premyrsinane skeleton from Jatropha curcas
Authors: Bao Jing-Mei , Su Zhi-You , Lou Lan-Lan , Zhu Jian-Yong , Tang Gui-Hua , Gan Li-She , Bu Xian-Zhang , Yin Sheng
Published: July 2015

Two novel diterpenoids, jatrocurcadiones A (1) and B (2), possessing an unusual 10,11-seco-premyrsinane skeleton were isolated from the twigs ofJatropha curcas.
High performance alkyd resins synthesized from postconsumer PET bottles
Authors: Spasojević P. M. , Panić V. V. , Džunuzović J. V. , Marinković A. D. , Woortman A. J. J. , Loos K. , Popović I. G.
Published: July 2015

A new perspective for mass production of alkyd resins from multifunctional glycolyzates obtained from waste PET – a step up to greener production and excellent applicative properties.
Purification of phosvitin phosphopeptides using macro-mesoporous TiO2
Authors: Li Songna , Liu Feng , Niu Fuge , Gu Luping , Su Yujie , Yang Yanjun
Published: July 2015

Purification of phosvitin phosphopeptides from egg-yolk protein hydrolysates using macro-mesoporous TiO2.
Synthesis, structure, physical properties and OLED application of pyrazine–triphenylamine fused conjugated compounds
Authors: Xu Liang , Zhao Yongbiao , Long Guankui , Wang Yue , Zhao Jun , Li Dongsheng , Li Junbo , Ganguly Rakesh , Li Yongxin , Sun Handong , Sun Xiao Wei , Zhang Qichun
Published: July 2015

Several donor–acceptor compounds based on pyrazine–triphenylamine fused conjugated molecules have been fabricated in OLED devices. And the maximum EQE of 7.37% have been obtained.
Low band-gap polymers based on easily synthesized thioester-substituted thieno[3,4-b]thiophene for polymer solar cells
Authors: Zhu Dangqiang , Sun Liang , Bao Xichang , Wen Shuguang , Han Liangliang , Gu Chuantao , Guo Jing , Yang Renqiang
Published: July 2015

The polymers based on thioester-substituted thieno[3,4-b]thiophene (TTS) exhibit a low band gap (∼1.5 eV) and desirable HOMO and LUMO energy levels relative to the fullerene acceptors.
Spatial regulation of a common precursor from two distinct genes generates metabolite diversity
Authors: Guo Chun-Jun , Sun Wei-Wen , Bruno Kenneth S. , Oakley Berl R. , Keller Nancy P. , Wang Clay C. C.
Published: July 2015

We have demonstrated that spatial regulation of the same product from two distinct genes generates metabolite diversity.
Copper-catalyzed diastereoselective aerobic intramolecular dehydrogenative coupling of hydrazones via sp3 C–H functionalization
Authors: Wu Xuesong , Wang Mian , Zhang Guangwu , Zhao Yan , Wang Jianyi , Ge Haibo
Published: July 2015

Diastereoselective aerobic dehydrogenative cyclization of hydrazones is described via a copper-catalyzed sp3 C–H functionalization process.
Aggregation-induced emission of siloles
Authors: Zhao Zujin , He Bairong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: July 2015

Recent advances in the structure–property relationship decipherment and luminescent functional materials development of AIE-active siloles are reviewed.
Interfacial equation of state for ionized surfactants at oil/water interfaces
Authors: Bahramian Alireza , Zarbakhsh Ali
Published: July 2015

Predicted and experimental interfacial tension isotherms at the oil/water interface as a function of SDS and C10TAB concentration.
Biocatalytic Janus membranes for CO2 removal utilizing carbonic anhydrase
Authors: Hou Jingwei , Ji Chao , Dong Guangxi , Xiao Bowen , Ye Yun , Chen Vicki
Published: July 2015

A novel Janus membrane concept was proposed. The immobilized CA was located near the gas–liquid interface, therefore maximizing its efficiency.
Nanostructured porous wires of iron cobaltite: novel positive electrode for high-performance hybrid energy storage devices
Authors: Pendashteh Afshin , Palma Jesus , Anderson Marc , Marcilla Rebeca
Published: July 2015

Nanostructured porous wires of FeCo2O4supported on nickel foam were synthesized and employed as binder/additive-free electrodes in asymmetric aqueous supercapacitors, showing a high energy density of 23 Wh kg−1.
Oxygen deficient, carbon coated self-organized TiO2 nanotubes as anode material for Li-ion intercalation
Authors: Brumbarov J. , Vivek J. P. , Leonardi S. , Valero-Vidal C. , Portenkirchner E. , Kunze-Liebhäuser J.
Published: July 2015

Anatase TiO2−x–C nanotubes demonstrate a superior Li storage capacity as high as 320(±68) mA h g−1 compared to 180(±38) mA h g−1 for TiO2−x.
Cetirizine derived supramolecular topical gel in action: rational design, characterization and in vivo self-delivery application in treating skin allergy in mice
Authors: Majumder Joydeb , Deb Jolly , Husain Ahmad , Jana Siddhartha Sankar , Dastidar Parthasarathi
Published: July 2015

The easiest reaction like salt formation has been exploited to design the first anti-allergic supramolecular topical gel capable of treating dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced skin allergy in mice in a self-delivery fashion.
A novel self-assembled targeted nanoparticle platform based on carboxymethylcellulose co-delivery of anticancer drugs
Authors: Dai Lin , Liu Ke-Feng , Si Chuan-Ling , He Jing , Lei Jian-Du , Guo Li-Qun
Published: July 2015

The folate–PEG–carboxymethylcellulose–betulinic acid was synthesized by introducing folate, PEG, and betulinic acid into carboxymethylcellulose, and then self-assembled into nanoparticles with HCPT being encapsulated.
A simple all-PEDOT:PSS electrochemical transistor for ascorbic acid sensing
Authors: Gualandi I. , Marzocchi M. , Scavetta E. , Calienni M. , Bonfiglio A. , Fraboni B.
Published: July 2015

An all-PEDOT:PSS electrochemical transistor was used to detect ascorbic acid, which is an excellent platform for developing chemical sensors.
Lethal photosensitisation of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using crystal violet and zinc oxide-encapsulated polyurethane
Authors: Sehmi Sandeep K. , Noimark Sacha , Bear Joseph C. , Peveler William J. , Bovis Melissa , Allan Elaine , MacRobert Alexander J. , Parkin Ivan P.
Published: July 2015

Bactericidal polymer surfaces were prepared by crystal violet and ZnO nanoparticle encapsulation, demonstrating 99.9% dark kill ofE. coli.
Reactive fluorescent dye functionalized cotton fabric as a “Magic Cloth” for selective sensing and reversible separation of Cd2+ in water
Authors: Luo Yuanyuan , Tang Dan , Zhu Weiping , Xu Yufang , Qian Xuhong
Published: July 2015

A reusable fluorescent material FCM, which was obtained through the dip-dyeing process of immobilizing the fluorescent sensor CM onto natural cotton fibers, exhibited high selectivity for detecting and separating Cd2+ in water.
Insight into biological system responses in goldfish (Carassius auratus) to multiple doses of avermectin exposure by integrated1H NMR-based metabolomics
Authors: Li Ming-Hui , Ruan Ling-Yu , Liu Yan , Xu Hua-Dong , Chen Ting , Fu Yong-Hong , Jiang Lei , Wang Jun-Song
Published: July 2015

AVM disturbed the metabolomic profiles of goldfish dose-dependently, affecting the metabolic pathways related with its toxicity.
QoT‐aware adaptive adjustment of optical path transmission performance in software‐defined optical network
Authors: Hou Yanfang , Li Hui , Zhao Wei , Liu Yuze , Ji Yuefeng
Published: July 2015

A quality of transmission (QoT)‐aware adaptive adjustment scheme of optical path transmission performance under software control is proposed. First, a mathematical model of optical path transmission performance adjustment is established. Based on it, a new device link quality equaliser (LQE) is built. Second, using a centralised controller, the LQE introduces devices with different compensation abilities into the optical path. Therefore, it becomes an all‐optical mode node or an optical–electrical–optical (O/E/O) mode node adaptively. Then an adaptive and elastic adjustment can be conducted on the transmission performance of the optical path. Finally, an experiment is presented to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Approach to suppress out‐of‐band emission for dual pseudo noise padded time‐domain synchronous‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems
Authors: Ding Wenbo , Yang Fang , Liu Sicong , Song Jian
Published: July 2015

The dual pseudo noise padded (DPNP) time‐domain synchronous‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TDS‐OFDM) which utilises the second pseudo noise (PN) sequence for channel estimation is able to reduce the complexity and improve the accuracy of channel estimation compared to the classical TDS‐OFDM. However, because of the duplicate PN sequence, DPNP TDS‐OFDM will suffer from severer out‐of‐band emission, which is a headache issue for the conventional TDS‐OFDM. In this study, a novel out‐of‐band suppression approach based on a new PN design criterion as well as a windowing operation is proposed for the DPNP TDS‐OFDM systems. The frame structure and system model are also modified to accommodate to the approach, while the overlap‐and‐add approach is adopted to guarantee the spectral efficiency. Both simulation and experimental results show that this approach could achieve satisfactory performance with much less complexity and no spectral efficiency loss compared to the classical DPNP TDS‐OFDM system. In addition, an iterative channel estimation method is also proposed for the modified frame structure to combat against the long channel delay spread.
Estimation of carrier and channel parameters in time‐selective fading channels
Authors: Gappmair Wilfried , Bergmann Michael
Published: July 2015

Assuming a land‐mobile satellite link with negligible multipath and shadowing effects, the corresponding channel model is adequately described by a correlated Rician distribution. In this context, the estimation of carrier and channel parameters has been investigated in some earlier work by means of an algorithmic approach primarily based on heuristic considerations. In the current study, the authors will review the results obtained so far from a maximum‐likelihood (ML) point of view. A major output of the analysis is that the simple ad‐hoc framework achieved previously is indeed an ML solution, when the impairments introduced by Rician fading are spectrally flat and strictly band limited.
Field-temperature phase diagrams of freestanding and substrate-constrained epitaxial Ni-Mn-Ga-Co films for magnetocaloric applications
Authors: Diestel A. , Niemann R. , Schleicher B. , Schwabe S. , Schultz L. , Fähler S.
Published: July 2015

Ferroic cooling processes that rely on field-induced first-order transformations of solid materials are a promising step towards a more energy-efficient refrigeration technology. In particular, thin films are discussed for their fast heat transfer and possible applications in microsystems. Substrate-constrained films are not useful since their substrates act as a heat sink. In this article, we examine a substrate-constrained and a freestanding epitaxial film of magnetocaloric Ni-Mn-Ga-Co. We compare phase diagrams and entropy changes obtained by magnetic field and temperature scans, which differ. We observe an asymmetry of the hysteresis between heating and cooling branch, which vanishes at high magnetic fields. These effects are discussed with respect to the vector character of a magnetic field, which acts differently on the nucleation and growth processes compared to the scalar character of the temperature.
Transitional hysteresis loop and coexistence of synchronized shedding in coupled wakes
Authors: Peng Yih Ferng , Sau Amalendu
Published: July 2015

Hysteretic in-phase ↔ anti-phase exchange of vortex shedding and co-existence of reverse-synchronized bistable wake structures past two side-by-side elliptic/circular cylinders are examined through extensive numerical simulations and bifurcation analysis. Wake characteristics and synchronizations past two side-by-side cylinders have often been demarcated in terms of the gap-ratio “G” and the Reynolds number “Re.” The focus here is the “in-phase ↔ anti-phase” two-way transition of oppositely synchronized bistable shedding states. In a remarkable parallel to discontinuous shifts of Strouhal frequency (prompting growth of two distinct instability modes past a single cylinder), the present work reveals interesting in-phase ↔anti-phase transitional switching of vortex shedding past two side-by-side symmetric cylinders, as facilitated by “discontinuous jumps of combined lift-force CL,1+2,” and preceding bistable wake evolution via both of these two reverse-synchronized phases. The hysteresis loops are demarcated (for cylinders of different aspect-ratios A) through extended computations of two anti-synchronized solution branches by slowly increasing/decreasing the Re at fixed gap-ratio (G) and increasing/decreasing G minutely at a constant Re, thereby facilitating transitions and using the computed discontinuous jumps of CL,1+2. Simulations conducted with various A (0.5 ≤ A ≤ 2.0) exhibit, both in-phase and anti-phase shedding co-exist over significantly wide ranges of G-space/Re-space, and the exchange of vortex synchronization at the ends of hysteresis loop occurs through discontinuous variation of the CL,1+2. The “gap-biased” anti-phase → in-phase transition gets gradually delayed, as the cylinder aspect-ratio A is decreased. However, the “Re-biased” in-phase → anti-phase transition is advanced with the decrease of A. The tolerance width “HW” of gap-biased hysteresis loop increases fairly linearly, as A decreased over the range 1.0 ≤ A ≤ 2.0.
Rigorous calculation of nonlinear parameters in graphene-comprising waveguides
Authors: Chatzidimitriou Dimitrios , Pitilakis Alexandros , Kriezis Emmanouil E.
Published: July 2015

We describe a rigorous formalism for the calculation of the nonlinear parameter of arbitrary three-dimensional nanophotonic graphene-comprising waveguides. Graphene is naturally implemented as a zero-thickness conductive sheet, modeled solely by complex linear and nonlinear surface conductivity tensors, whose values are extracted from theoretical models. This representation is compared to the more commonly employed equivalent bulk-medium representation and is found superior. We numerically calculate the nonlinear parameters of several optical waveguide archetypes overlaid with infinite graphene monolayers, including silicon-wire and plasmonic metal-slot and metal-stripe configurations. The metal-slot configuration offers the most promising performance for Kerr-type nonlinear applications. Finally, we apply the same formalism to probe the potential of graphene nanoribbon waveguide nonlinearity in the terahertz band.
Study of pulse width and magnetic field effect on laser ablated copper plasma in air
Authors: Pandey Pramod K. , Gupta Shyam L. , Thareja Raj K.
Published: July 2015

We report the comparative study of the effect of interaction of nano-second and pico-second laser pulse incident on the solid copper target placed in ambient of air and magnetic field. Larger ablation depth ∼67 μm with clean crater profile is observed in the case of ps-laser pulses compared to ∼31 μm of ablation depth using ns-laser pulses. However, the mass ablation rate found using ps-laser pulse is ∼3.25×10−9g/s, roughly half of that using ns-laser pulse ∼6.0×10−9g/s. The observed electron density at very early stage in the case of ps-laser pulse ablation (5.32×1017cm−3) is 1.5 times higher than that of ns-laser (3.45×1017cm−3) pulse ablation in absence of magnetic field. The observed electron temperature and density fluctuations at later time of ps-laser ablated plasma show a direct evidence of comparatively prominent magnetic Joule heating due to threading and expulsion of the magnetic field lines through the plasma plume. Ionic lines Cu II at 451.6 nm, 459.69 nm, 466.13 nm, 468.19 nm, and Cu III at 438.64 nm emission is more for ps-laser pulse than the ns-pulse, whereas magnetic quenching suppresses ionic and atomic line emission in ps-laser ablated plasma.
A portable blood plasma clot micro-elastometry device based on resonant acoustic spectroscopy
Authors: Krebs C. R. , Li Ling , Wolberg Alisa S. , Oldenburg Amy L.
Published: July 2015

Abnormal blood clot stiffness is an important indicator of coagulation disorders arising from a variety of cardiovascular diseases and drug treatments. Here, we present a portable instrument for elastometry of microliter volume blood samples based upon the principle of resonant acoustic spectroscopy, where a sample of well-defined dimensions exhibits a fundamental longitudinal resonance mode proportional to the square root of the Young’s modulus. In contrast to commercial thromboelastography, the resonant acoustic method offers improved repeatability and accuracy due to the high signal-to-noise ratio of the resonant vibration. We review the measurement principles and the design of a magnetically actuated microbead force transducer applying between 23 pN and 6.7 nN, providing a wide dynamic range of elastic moduli (3 Pa–27 kPa) appropriate for measurement of clot elastic modulus (CEM). An automated and portable device, the CEMport, is introduced and implemented using a 2 nm resolution displacement sensor with demonstrated accuracy and precision of 3% and 2%, respectively, of CEM in biogels. Importantly, the small strains (<0.13%) and low strain rates (<1/s) employed by the CEMport maintain a linear stress-to-strain relationship which provides a perturbative measurement of the Young’s modulus. Measurements of blood plasma CEM versus heparin concentration show that CEMport is sensitive to heparin levels below 0.050 U/ml, which suggests future applications in sensing heparin levels of post-surgical cardiopulmonary bypass patients. The portability, high accuracy, and high precision of this device enable new clinical and animal studies for associating CEM with blood coagulation disorders, potentially leading to improved diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring.
Experimental analysis of energy harvesting from self-induced flutter of a composite beam
Authors: Zakaria Mohamed Y. , Al-Haik Mohammad Y. , Hajj Muhammad R.
Published: July 2015

Previous attempts to harvest energy from aeroelastic vibrations have been based on attaching a beam to a moving wing or structure. Here, we exploit self-excited oscillations of a fluttering composite beam to harvest energy using piezoelectric transduction. Details of the beam properties and experimental setup are presented. The effects of preset angle of attack, wind speed, and load resistance on the levels of harvested power are determined. The results point to a complex relation between the aerodynamic loading and its impact on the static deflection and amplitudes of the limit cycle oscillations on one hand and the load resistance and level of power harvested on the other hand.
Reversible migration of silver on memorized pathways in Ag-Ge40S60 films
Authors: Orava J. , Kozicki M. N. , Yannopoulos S. N. , Greer A. L.
Published: July 2015

Reversible and reproducible formation and dissolution of silver conductive filaments are studied in Ag-photodoped thin-film Ge40S60 subjected to electric fields. A tip-planar geometry is employed, where a conductive-atomic-force microscopy tip is the tip electrode and a silver patch is the planar electrode. We highlight an inherent “memory” effect in the amorphous chalcogenide solid-state electrolyte, in which particular silver-ion migration pathways are preserved “memorized” during writing and erasing cycles. The “memorized” pathways reflect structural changes in the photodoped chalcogenide film. Structural changes due to silver photodoping, and electrically-induced structural changes arising from silver migration, are elucidated using Raman spectroscopy. Conductive filament formation, dissolution, and electron (reduction) efficiency in a lateral device geometry are related to operation of the nano-ionic Programmable Metallization Cell memory and to newly emerging chalcogenide-based lateral geometry MEMS technologies. The methods in this work can also be used for qualitative multi-parameter sampling of metal/amorphous-chalcogenide combinations, characterizing the growth/dissolution rates, retention and endurance of fractal conductive filaments, with the aim of optimizing devices.
Constitutively overexpressing a tomato fructokinase gene (LeFRK1) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Coker 312) positively affects plant vegetative growth, boll number and seed cotton yield
Authors: Mukherjee Thiya , Ivanova Mariana , Dagda Marisela , Kanayama Yoshinori , Granot David , Holaday A. Scott
Published: July 2015

Increasing fructokinase (FRK) activity in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants may reduce fructose inhibition of sucrose synthase (Sus) and lead to improved fibre yield and quality. Cotton was transformed with a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fructokinase gene (LeFRK1) under the control of the CMV 35S promoter. In a greenhouse, the LeFRK1 plants had increased fibre and leaf FRK activity over nonexpressing nulls, but not improved fibre length and strength. Compared with the nulls, LeFRK1 plants yielded 13–100% more seed-cotton mass per boll and more bolls per plant, and therefore more seed cotton and fibre yield per plant. The enhanced yield was related to a greater seed number per boll for LeFRK1 plants. Photosynthetic rates were not appreciably different among genotypes. However, more area per leaf and leaf number (in some instances) for LeFRK1 plants than for nulls enhanced the capacity for C gain. Larger leaf areas for LeFRK1 plants were associated with larger stem diameters. Lower sucrose levels in developing leaves of LeFRK1 plants suggest that LeFRK1 overexpression leads to improved in vivo Sus activity in developing leaves and possibly in developing seeds. The improvement in yield for LeFRK1 plants may also be the result of improvements in photosynthate supply as a consequence of greater leaf area.
Perceptions of the solarium ban in Australia: ‘Fake it, don't bake it’
Authors: Prichard Ivanka , Dobbinson Suzanne , Wilson Carlene , Hutchinson Amanda D. , Rayner Joanne , Makin Jen
Published: July 2015

Issue addressed

The causal link between ultraviolet radiation from solarium use and skin cancer is well established. In 2012 and 2013, state governments across Australia announced plans to ban commercial solarium use from 31 December 2014. The present study examined the responses of solarium and non‐solarium users to the ban on commercial solariums in Australia.

Methods

Participants (n = 488; 388 females, 100 males; mean age = 26.02, s.d. = 9.95) completed an online questionnaire during the summer prior to the ban relating to solarium usage and their opinions about the ban.

Results

Overall, 49% (n = 237) of participants were aware of the impending ban; 17% (n = 83) had used a solarium at some point in their life. The response to the solarium ban was positive; however, some current solarium users intended post‐ban to use privately owned sunbeds and or spend a greater amount of time sun‐tanning.

Conclusions

These findings indicate a high level of public support for the solarium ban, which has removed a risky source of ultraviolet radiation in Australia.
Facing the future: the importance of substratum features for ecological engineering of artificial habitats in the rocky intertidal
Authors: Firth Louise B. , White Freya J. , Schofield Meredith , Hanley Mick E. , Burrows Michael T. , Thompson Richard C. , Skov Martin W. , Evans Ally J. , Moore Pippa J. , Hawkins Stephen J.
Published: July 2015

Coastal defences are proliferating in response to climate change, leading to the creation of more vertical substrata. Efforts are being made to mitigate their impacts and create novel habitats to promote biodiversity. Little is known about the effect of aspect (i.e. north–south directionality) and inclination on intertidal biodiversity in artificial habitats. Artificial and natural habitats were compared to assess the role of aspect and substratum inclination in determining patterns of biodiversity at two tidal heights (high and mid). We also compared grazing activity between north- and south-facing surfaces in natural habitats to examine the potential for differential grazing pressure to affect community structure and functioning. Results were variable but some clear patterns emerged. Inclination had no effect on biodiversity or abundance. There was a general trend towards greater taxon richness and abundance on north-facing than south-facing substrata in natural and artificial habitats. On natural shores, the abundance and grazing activity of ‘southern’ limpets (i.e. Patella depressa) was greater on south-facing than north-facing substrata, with possible implications for further range-expansion. These results highlight the importance of incorporating shaded habitats in the construction of artificial habitats. These habitats may represent an important refuge from grazing pressure and thermal and desiccation stress in a warming climate.
Why not the GP? Client preferences for sexually transmissible infection testing in Western Sydney
Authors: Biggs Karen , Walsh Jennifer
Published: July 2015

Background
Publicly funded sexual health services (PFSHS) in NSW use triage to prioritise access for people at increased risk of infection and refer people at lower risk to General Practitioners (GPs). This study aimed to determine why people in Western Sydney attend a PFSHS in preference to their GP, whether they would be willing to see their GP for sexual health services and what factors were important when making this decision. Methods: An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used for this study. Results: In total, 228/249 (92%) of all respondents had visited a GP in the previous 12 months; 192/249 (77%) knew the GP could perform sexually transmissible infection testing (STI) testing; 124/249 (50%) had ever had a STI check with a GP and 101/249 (41%) were willing to attend a GP service for STI-related care in the future. Factors relating to the health service staff and client comfort emerged as strong reasons for choice of health service. One-third of non-priority clients (33%) were unwilling to see a GP for STI testing in the future. Respondents raised concerns regarding perceived issues with confidentiality and lack of confidence in the GP’s expertise in sexual health. Conclusions: The underlying factors relating to sexual health care with the GP, whether real or perceived, need to be addressed in order for PFSHS to successfully triage out attendees who are at a lower STI risk.
Unique double-ring structure of the peroxisomal Pex1/Pex6 ATPase complex revealed by cryo-electron microscopy
Authors: Blok Neil B. , Tan Dongyan , Wang Ray Yu-Ruei , Penczek Pawel A. , Baker David , DiMaio Frank , Rapoport Tom A. , Walz Thomas
Published: July 2015

Significance

Pex1 and Pex6 are members of the AAA family of ATPases, which contain two ATPase domains in a single polypeptide chain and form hexameric double rings. These two Pex proteins are involved in the biogenesis of peroxisomes, and mutations in them frequently cause diseases. Here, we determined structures of the Pex1/Pex6 complex by cryo-electron microscopy. Novel computational modeling methods allowed placement of Pex1/Pex6 domains into subnanometer density maps. Our results show that the peroxisomal Pex1/Pex6 ATPases form a unique double-ring structure in which the two proteins alternate around the ring. Our data shed light on the mechanism and function of this ATPase and suggest a role in peroxisomal protein import similar to that of p97 in ER-associated protein degradation.
Ultrabithorax
is essential for bacteriocyte development
Authors: Matsuura Yu , Kikuchi Yoshitomo , Miura Toru , Fukatsu Takema
Published: July 2015

Significance

Among the most fundamental questions in developmental biology is how novel cell types have emerged in the metazoan evolution. Among the most challenging questions in evolutionary biology is how sophisticated symbiotic associations have evolved through less intimate interorganismal interactions. These fundamental biological issues are crystalized in the evolution and development of insect’s bacteriocytes specialized for harboring symbiotic bacteria. Here, we report that a conserved transcription factor
Ultrabithorax
is essential for bacteriocyte development in an insect, thereby uncovering a molecular mechanism underlying the emergence of the novel host cells for symbiosis. Our finding highlights the importance of developmental cooption of preexisting transcription factors and sheds new light on a long-lasting enigma in evolutionary developmental biology.
The spliceosome assembly factor GEMIN2 attenuates the effects of temperature on alternative splicing and circadian rhythms
Authors: Schlaen Rubén Gustavo , Mancini Estefanía , Sanchez Sabrina Elena , Perez-Santángelo Soledad , Rugnone Matías L. , Simpson Craig G. , Brown John W. S. , Zhang Xu , Chernomoretz Ariel , Yanovsky Marcelo J.
Published: July 2015

Significance

RNA processing, an important step in the regulation of gene expression, is mediated by proteins and RNA molecules that are highly sensitive to variations in temperature conditions. Most organisms do not control their own body temperature. Therefore, molecular mechanisms must have evolved that ensure that biological processes are robust to temperature changes. Here we identify a protein that buffers the effect of temperature on biological timing by enhancing the assembly of the spliceosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex involved in RNA processing in organisms ranging from yeast to humans, and thereby controlling the alternative splicing of clock genes.
Human anti-nucleolin recombinant immunoagent for cancer therapy
Authors: Palmieri Dario , Richmond Timothy , Piovan Claudia , Sheetz Tyler , Zanesi Nicola , Troise Fulvia , James Cindy , Wernicke Dorothee , Nyei Fata , Gordon Timothy J. , Consiglio Jessica , Salvatore Francesco , Coppola Vincenzo , Pichiorri Flavia , De Lorenzo Claudia , Croce Carlo M.
Published: July 2015

Significance

Because of its selective expression on the surface of a variety of different cancer cells, but not on their normal counterparts, nucleolin (NCL) represents an attractive target for antineoplastic treatments. However, previously described NCL-targeting molecules, although promising, still suffer from intrinsic limitations. Here, we describe the identification of the first fully human anti-NCL immune-based agent displaying antineoplastic activity against solid tumors, both in vitro and in vivo. This molecule could represent the prototype of a novel class of NCL-targeting drugs with enormous clinical potential as tools for the diagnosis and therapy of a wide range of human cancers.
A computational perspective on autism
Authors: Rosenberg Ari , Patterson Jaclyn Sky , Angelaki Dora E.
Published: July 2015

Significance

Autism is a pervasive disorder that broadly impacts perceptual, cognitive, social, and motor functioning. Across individuals, the disorder manifests with a large degree of phenotypic diversity. Here, we propose that autism symptomatology reflects alterations in neural computation. Using neural network simulations, we show that a reduction in the amount of inhibition occurring through a computation called divisive normalization can account for perceptual consequences reported in autism, as well as proposed changes in the extent to which past experience influences the interpretation of current sensory information in individuals with the disorder. A computational perspective can help bridge our understandings of the genetic/molecular basis of autism and its behavioral characteristics, providing insights into the disorder and possible courses of treatment.