bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis method of Panax notoginseng based on thermal perturbation terahertz two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Huo , Huang Lanjuan , Xu Chuanpei , Li Zhi , Yin Xianhua , Chen Tao , Wang Yuee , Li Guanglei
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes a Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) quantitative analysis based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS). By imposing temperature perturbation combined with 2DCOS, the one-dimensional absorbance spectra were transformed into 2DCOS synchronous spectra, which reflected the differences in characteristic information between different P. notoginseng contents more clearly. Then, the feature information of P. notoginseng contents was extracted from the 2DCOS synchronous spectra by a competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) method and was used to build a quantitative model combined with a support vector regression machine (SVR), called 2DCOS-CARS-SVR. We obtained a more accurate analysis result than the commonly used principal component analysis (PCA)-partial least squares regression (PLSR) and PCA-SVR. The prediction set correlation coefficient and root mean square error reached 0.9915% and 0.8160%, respectively.
15-µJ picosecond hollow-core-fiber-feedback optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Wu Yudi , Fu Qiang , Liang Sijing , Poletti Francesco , Richardson David J. , Xu Lin
Published: June 2023

We report a high-energy, picosecond, mid-infrared (MIR) optical parametric oscillator (OPO), in which a length of hollow-core-fiber (HCF) is employed to enable operation at 1-MHz repetition rate in a compact cavity format. The OPO is synchronously pumped by an ytterbium-doped-fiber (YDF) master-oscillator-power-amplifier (MOPA) system, seeded by a 1040-nm gain-switched laser diode (GSLD). Using periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) as the nonlinear crystal, the OPO generates signal and idler beams with tunable wavelengths in the range of 1329–1641 nm and 2841–4790 nm, respectively. The OPO provides 137-ps pulses with a maximum signal energy of 10.05 µJ at 1600 nm and a maximum idler energy of 5.13 µJ at 2967 nm. This, to the best of our knowledge, represents the highest energy MIR pulses, as well as the highest total converted pulse energy (15.18 µJ), ever achieved from a fiber laser pumped picosecond OPO.
Hybrid dual-mode tunable polarization conversion metasurface based on graphene and vanadium dioxide
Authors: Fang Jiaxing , Zhu Wei , Cao Lin , Huang Xiaotian , Zhang Bohan , He Daping , Wang Shengxiang
Published: June 2023

We present and numerically verify a functionally hybrid dual-mode tunable polarization conversion metasurface based on graphene and vanadium dioxide (VO2). The tunable polarization converter consists of two patterned graphene layers separated by grating which is composed of gold and VO2. Due to the existence of phase change material VO2, the polarization conversion mode can be switched flexibly between the transmission and reflection modes. Theoretical calculations show the proposed polarization conversion metasurface can obtain giant asymmetric transmission (AT) at 0.42 and 0.77 THz when VO2 is in the insulating state. Conversely, when VO2 is in the metallic state, the converter switches to the reflection mode, demonstrating broadband polarization conversion for both forward and backward incidences. Furthermore, the conductivity of graphene can be modulated by changing the gate voltage, which allows dynamic control polarization conversion bandwidth of the reflection mode as well as the AT of the transmission mode. The robustness of the metasurface has also been verified, the high polarization conversion efficiency and AT can be maintained over wide incidence angles up to 65° for both the xoz plane and yoz plane. These advantages make the proposed hybrid tunable polarization conversion metasurface a promising candidate for THz radiation switching and modulation.
On-chip non-uniformly spaced multi-channel microwave photonic signal processor based on an ultrahigh-Q multimode micro-disk resonator
Authors: Wang Bin , Cheng Yihao , Yu Weizhen , Hong Xu , Zhang Weifeng
Published: June 2023

Multi-channel microwave photonic (MWP) signal processing can simultaneously perform different task operations on multiple signals carried by multiple wavelengths, which holds great potential for ultrafast signal processing and characterization in a wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) network. As emerging telecommunication services create more data, an elastic optical network, which has a flexible and non-uniform spectrum channel spacing, is an alternative architecture to meet the ever-increasing data transfer need. Here, for the multi-channel ultra-fast signal processing in the elastic optical network, we propose and demonstrate an on-chip non-uniformly spaced multi-channel microwave photonic signal processor based on an ultrahigh-Q multimode micro-disk resonator (MDR). In the proposed signal processor, an MDR supporting multiple different order whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) with an ultrahigh Q-factor is specifically designed. Benefiting from the large and different free spectral ranges (FSRs) provided by the different order WGMs, a non-uniformly spaced multi-channel microwave photonic signal processor is realized, and various processing functions are experimentally demonstrated including bandpass filtering with a narrow passband of 103 MHz, a rejection ratio of 22.3 dB and a frequency tuning range from 1 to 30 GHz, multiple frequency measurement with a frequency measurement range from 1 to 30 GHz, a frequency resolution better than 200 MHz and a measurement accuracy of 91.3 MHz, and phase shifting with a phase tuning range from -170°∼160°, an operational bandwidth of 26 GHz from 6 GHz to 32 GHz and a small power variation of 0.43 dB. Thanks to the coexistence of different order WGMs supported by the MDR, non-uniformly spaced multi-channel signal processing is enabled with the key advantages including a broad operation bandwidth, an ultra-narrow frequency selectivity, and a large phase tuning range with a small power variation. The proposed signal processor is promising to be widely used in future elastic optical networks with flexible spectrum grids.
Lightweight computational spectrometer enabled by learned high-correlation optical filters
Authors: Liu Zhen , Liao Haojie , Yang Lin , Du Guiqiang , Wei Lei , Wang Yansong , Chen Yao
Published: June 2023

A neural network (NN) computational spectrometer has high reconstruction accuracy and a fast operation speed; however, this type of spectrometer also occupies a large amount of storage in an embedded system due to the excessive computation volume. Contrarily, conventional algorithms such as gradient projection for sparse reconstruction (GPSR) take up less storage, but their spectral reconstruction accuracy is much lower than that of an NN. The major reason is that the performance of a GPSR depends greatly on the non-correlation property of optical filters which may pose challenges for optical filters design and fabrication. In this study, a GPSR algorithm, known as NN-GPSR, is applied to achieve high-precision spectral reconstruction enabled by NN-learned highly correlated filters. A group of NN-learned filters shows high-correlation work as the encoder, and an optimized GPSR algorithm works as the decoder. In this case, large computation volume is exempt and prior knowledge of tens of thousands of images are exploited to get appropriate optical filters design. The experiment data indicate that the NN-GPSR performs well in the reconstructing spectrum and requires far less storage.
Accurate calibration for crosstalk coefficient based on orthogonal color phase-shifting pattern
Authors: Yuan Leiwen , Kang Jiehu , Feng Luyuan , Chen Yifei , Wu Bin
Published: June 2023

The crosstalk coefficient calibration of de-crosstalk in color fringe projection profilometry is an essential step for the high-accuracy measurement. In this paper, a novel approach for calibrating crosstalk matrix of color camera is proposed. The wrapped phase error model introduced by color crosstalk in orthogonal pattern is established. Compared with the existing calibration methods depending on calculating the modulation of the crosstalk channel, the crosstalk coefficients are obtained from phase error in our method. By projecting the designed color orthogonal phase-shifting fringe patterns onto a white plate, the phase-shifting fringe patterns in both horizontal and vertical directions can be separated from captured images. The coefficients between different channels are calibrated by fitting the error relationship between the wrapped phase containing crosstalk and the standard ones. Coefficient fitting simulations and experimental validations including shape measurement of a white plate and distance measurement of a step block are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Methods to improve burst-mode laser spectral purity for high-speed gas-phase filtered Rayleigh scattering
Authors: Braun Amanda M. , Slipchenko Mikhail N. , Leicht Jason , Meyer Terrence R. , Danehy Paul M. , Roy Sukesh
Published: June 2023

In the filtered Rayleigh scattering (FRS) technique, Doppler or homogeneously broadened light from weak molecular scattering is separated from orders-of-magnitude stronger elastic scattering from surfaces, windows, particles, and/or droplets using a narrowband filter. In this work, high-speed detection of such weak molecular scattering is enabled by a burst-mode laser system that can achieve a spectral purity of ∼0.999999. This allows for an additional two orders of magnitude of attenuation from a narrowband iodine molecular filter for high-speed detection of gas-phase FRS in the presence of direct surface scattering at 532 nm. The methodology, system characterization, and feasibility of single-shot gas-phase FRS at 100 kHz or higher are presented and discussed.
‘I don`t need an eye check-up’. A qualitative study using a behavioural model to understand treatment-seeking behaviour of patients with sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) in India
Authors: Kumar Shuba , Mohanraj Rani , Raman Rajiv , Kumar Geetha , Luvies Sanjay , Machhi Shivani Sunil , Chakrabarty Subhratanu , Surya Janani , Ramakrishnan Radha , Conroy Dolores , Sivaprasad Sobha
Published: June 2023

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) affects about 27% of patients with diabetes globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), DR is responsible for37 million cases of blindness worldwide. The SMART India study (October 2020-August 2021) documented the prevalence of diabetes, and DR in people40 years and above across ten Indian states and one Union Territory by conducting community screening. About 90% of people with sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) were referred from this screening study to eye hospitals for management, but failed to attend. This qualitative study, a component of the SMART India study, explored perceptions of referred patients regarding their susceptibility to eye related problems in diabetes and the benefits/barriers to seeking care. Perceived barriers from the viewpoint of ophthalmologists were also explored. Guided by the Health Beliefs Model (HBM), 20 semi structured interviews were carried out with consenting patients diagnosed with STDR. They included nine patients who had sought care recruited from eight eye hospitals across different states in India and eleven patients who did not seek care. Eleven ophthalmologists also participated. Four themes of analysis based on the HBM were, understanding of DR and its treatment, perceptions about susceptibility and severity, perceived barriers, perceived benefits and cues to action. Findings revealed poor understanding of the effects of diabetes on the eye contributing to low risk perception. Prohibitive costs of treatment, difficulties in accessing care services and poor social support were major barriers to seeking care. Ophthalmologists acknowledged that the absence of symptoms and the slow progressive nature of the disease deluded patients into thinking that they were fine. The study attests to the need for greater health literacy around diabetes, DR and STDR; for making treatment more affordable and accessible and for the development of effective patient education and communication strategies towards increasing compliance.
Perceived university support and environment as a factor of entrepreneurial intention: Evidence from Western Transdanubia Region
Authors: Makai Attila Lajos , Dőry Tibor
Published: June 2023

The exploration of entrepreneurship has become a priority for scientific research in recent years. Understanding this phenomenon is particularly important for the transformation of entrepreneurship into action, which is a key factor in early-stage entrepreneurial activity. This gains particular relevance in the university environment, where, in addition to the conventional teaching and research functions, the entrepreneurial university operation based on open innovation, as well as the enhancement of entrepreneurial attitudes of researchers and students, are receiving increased attention. This study is based on a survey conducted among students attending a Hungarian university of applied science in Western Transdanubia Region who have demonstrated their existing entrepreneurial commitment by joining a national startup training and incubation programme. The main research question of the study is to what extent student entrepreneurship intention is influenced by the environment of the entrepreneurial university ecosystem and the support services available at the university. A further question is whether these factors are able to mitigate the negative effects of internal cognitive and external barriers by enhancing entrepreneurial attitudes and perceived behavioural control. The relatively large number of students involved in the programme allows the data to be analysed using SEM modelling. The results indicate a strong covariance between the perceived university support and environment among students. Another observation is the distinct effect of these institutional factors on perceived behavioural control of students.
A data-driven robust EVaR-PC with application to portfolio management
Authors: He Qingyun , Hong Chuanyang
Published: June 2023

We investigate the robust chance constrained optimization problem (RCCOP), which is a combination of the distributionally robust optimization (DRO) and the chance constraint (CC). The RCCOP plays an important role in modeling uncertain parameters within a decision-making framework. The chance constraint, which is equivalent to a constraint of Value-at-risk (VaR), is approximated by risk measures such as Entropic Value-at-risk (EVaR) or Conditional Value-at-risk (CVaR) due to its difficulty to be evaluated. An excellent approximation requires both tractability and non-conservativeness. In addition, the DRO assumes that we know partial information about the distribution of uncertain parameters instead of their known true underlying probability distribution. In this article, we develop a novel approximation EVaR- PC based on EVaR for CC. Then, we evaluate the proposed approximation EVaR- PC using a discrepancy-based ambiguity set with the wasserstein distance. From a theoretical perspective, the EVaR- PC is less conservative than EVaR and the wasserstein distance possesses many good theoretical properties; from a practical perspective, the discrepancy-based ambiguity set can make full use of the data to estimate the nominal distribution and reduce the sensitivity of decisions to priori knowledges. To show the advantages of our method, we show its application in portfolio management in detail and give the relevant experimental results.
Portraying accent stereotyping by second language speakers
Authors: Lan Yizhou , Xie Tongtong , Lee Albert
Published: June 2023

Stereotyping towards the second language accent of second language learners is extensively seen even when the content of learner speech can be understood. Previous studies reported conflicting results on accent perception by speakers of second languages, especially among homogenous learners. In this paper, we conducted a survey and two experiments to test whether Mandarin-speaking advanced learners of English may give harsher accent ratings to their fellow learners than to Standard American English speakers. The survey was designed to understand the L2 listeners’ beliefs about accented speech. In Experiment 1, participants rated short audio recordings of L2 learner’ and Standard American English speech; in Experiment 2, they did the same in a more detailed word-in-sentence accent rating task. Results showed a markedly high level of perceived L2 accentedness for several learner speech stimuli despite good intelligibility, especially for the strongly-accented Cantonese passage and for specific vowel and consonant types. The findings reveal the existence of native-speakerism in China and highlight existing accent stereotypes. Implications for policymaking and language teaching are discussed.
Spotting anomalous trades in NFT markets: The case of NBA Topshot
Authors: Pelechrinis Konstantinos , Liu Xin , Krishnamurthy Prashant , Babay Amy
Published: June 2023

Non-Fungible Token (NFT) markets are one of the fastest growing digital markets today, with the sales during the third quarter of 2021 exceeding $10 billions! Nevertheless, these emerging markets—similar to traditional emerging marketplaces—can be seen as a great opportunity for illegal activities (e.g., money laundering, sale of illegal goods etc.). In this study we focus on a specific marketplace, namely NBA TopShot, that facilitates the purchase and (peer-to-peer) trading of sports collectibles. Our objective is to build a framework that is able to label peer-to-peer transactions on the platform as anomalous or not. To achieve our objective we begin by building a model for the profit to be made by selling a specific collectible on the platform. We then use RFCDE—a random forest model for the conditional density of the dependent variable—to model the errors from the profit models. This step allows us to estimate the probability of a transaction being anomalous. We finally label as anomalous any transaction whose aforementioned probability is less than 1%. Given the absence of ground truth for evaluating the model in terms of its classification of transactions, we analyze the trade networks formed from these anomalous transactions and compare it with the full trade network of the platform. Our results indicate that these two networks are statistically different when it comes to network metrics such as, edge density, closure, node centrality and node degree distribution. This network analysis provides additional evidence that these transactions do not follow the same patterns that the rest of the trades on the platform follow. However, we would like to emphasize here that this does not mean that these transactions are also illegal. These transactions will need to be further audited from the appropriate entities to verify whether or not they are illicit.
Osteogénesis Imperfecta: Entre la ficción y la realidad
Authors: Coronel-Hidalgo José , Torres-Galarza Ariana , Quitama-Guaman Gina , Vásquez-Villavicencio Nicole Estefanía , Bailón-Moscoso Natalia
Published: June 2023

Los largometrajes han sido utilizados como una herramienta de aprendizaje llamativa en el campo de la salud, esto debido a que ciertas enfermedades que suelen ser raras dentro de la población se prestan para desarrollar una historia en base a las mismas. La Osteogénesis imperfecta conocida también como la enfermedad de los huesos de cristal, es un trastorno genético bastante diverso, si bien el 90% de los casos se presentan con mutaciones de herencia de tipo autosómicas dominantes, un 10% restante corresponde a mutaciones autosómicas recesivas o de causa desconocida. En el presente trabajo hemos generado una recopilación de aspectos relevantes sobre esta enfermedad correlacionando con la trama de dos trabajos cinematográficos, Frágiles y El protegido; esto con el fin de analizarlo como una posible herramienta para el aprendizaje de esta enfermedad y de otras patologías de carácter genético.
Comportamento empreendedor e estratégia: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Bezerra Claudia Maria da Silva , Ramos Heidy Rodriguez , Shinohara Eloisa Elena Ramos Dias , Nassif Vânia Maria Jorge
Published: June 2023

Objetivo do estudo: identificar as lacunas e os eixos teóricos da produção científica internacional relacionados ao Comportamento Empreendedor (CE) do indivíduo proprietário de empresa, bem como as estratégias adotadas em diferentes contextos, além de fornecer insights para pesquisas futuras. Metodologia/abordagem: estudo descritivo e qualitativo, a partir da revisão sistemática de 56 artigos, coletados em junho de 2021, das bases Scopus e Web of Science, com o apoio da ferramenta StArt; e análise de conteúdo, com auxílio do software Atlas.ti. Principais resultados: consolidação do perfil metodológico dos estudos e dos temas abordados, identificando que tanto o CE quanto a estratégia possuem definições fragmentadas, mesmo após inúmeras pesquisas. Há relação positiva entre o CE e a estratégia, sendo que o CE influencia a tomada de decisão e contribui para elevar o desempenho organizacional. O sucesso de um empreendimento pode ser, portanto, determinado pela capacidade e velocidade em responder eficazmente às mudanças de contexto. Contribuições teórico/metodológicas: avanço da pesquisa nos campos de empreendedorismo e estratégia, com a identificação das categorias de CE e das estratégias adotadas (especialmente no que tange à compreensão do CE e de sua influência na estratégia); e consolidação e recomendação de agenda futura de pesquisas. Relevância/originalidade: a articulação teórica entre empreendedorismo e estratégia se concentra no CE, na busca de oportunidades e de vantagem competitiva, que são indispensáveis ao crescimento dos negócios. Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: contribuir com gestores e empreendedores na identificação de questões comportamentais e de escolhas estratégicas, adotadas nos mais diversos contextos, incluindo o desenvolvimento sustentável das organizações.
Entrepreneurial behavior and strategy: A systematic literature review
Authors: Bezerra Claudia Maria da Silva , Ramos Heidy Rodriguez , Shinohara Eloisa Elena Ramos Dias , Nassif Vânia Maria Jorge
Published: June 2023

Study objective: identify the gaps and theoretical axes of international scientific production related to the Entrepreneurial Behavior (EB) of the individual business owner as well as the strategies adopted, in different contexts, in addition to providing insights for future research. Methodology/approach: descriptive and qualitative study, based on a systematic review of 56 articles collected in June/2021 in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, with the support of the StArt tool, and the content analysis with aided by the Atlas.ti software. Main results: consolidation of the methodological profile of the studies and the topics addressed, identifying that both the EB and the strategy have fragmented definitions, even after numerous research. There is a positive relationship between EB and strategy, and the EB influences decision making and contributes to raising organizational performance. The success of an enterprise can therefore be determined by the ability and speed to respond effectively to changes in context. Theoretical/methodological contributions: advancement of research in the fields of entrepreneurship and strategy, with the identification of EB categories and strategies adopted (especially with regard to the understanding of EB and its influence on strategy), and consolidation and recommendation of a future research agenda. Relevance/originality: the theoretical articulation between entrepreneurship and strategy focuses on the EB, in the search for opportunities and competitive advantage, which are indispensable for business growth. Social/management contributions: contribute with managers and entrepreneurs in the identification of behavioral issues and strategic choices adopted in the most diverse contexts, including the sustainable development of organizations.
Políticas públicas y apoyo institucional hacia la agricultura familiar brasileña de Roque Gonzales
Authors: Miranda Scheuer Junior
Published: June 2023

El objetivo del artículo fue estudiar qué políticas públicas, a nivel nacional, los agricultores familiares accedieron durante el período de 2011 a 2015, así como el apoyo institucional recibido, sostenido por la perspectiva del desarrollo rural de las familias rurales de Roque Gonzales, Brasil. Para esto, se entrevistaron los agricultores y representantes de las instituciones y se adoptó la tipificación como base para el conocimiento de las políticas accedidas, rol institucional y estrategias de desarrollo. Los agricultores familiares descapitalizados y en descapitalización registraron un menor soporte en las políticas y en el apoyo institucional, al paso que los agricultores en capitalización y capitalizados presentaron mejores indicadores. Se producirá poco metamorfismo si los agricultores, instituciones y gestores no adoptaren una racionalidad proactiva sobre el desarrollo rural, que se logrará cuando existir una sinergia sistémica entre los protagonistas sociales.
Medicina social, eugenesia y biotipología: fundamentos de la intervención social
Authors: Maiola Fernanda
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo indaga la relación entre la perspectiva de la medicina social, eugenesia y biotipología con la intervención social del Estado. Consideramos que esta matriz sirvió de paradigma dominante y expresión de un consenso teórico, científico e ideológico entre los sectores del higienismo, de la sociedad civil y del mismo Estado, trascendiendo las más diversas y hasta antagónicas posturas y proyectos políticos. La influencia de esta perspectiva contribuyó a la modernización y racionalización de la intervención social del Estado, configurando la dimensión asistencial a través de los procesos de profesionalización e institucionalización del Trabajo Social.
La formación de asistentes sociales.
Authors: Vallejos Indiana , Chechele Melina
Published: June 2023

En este artículo analizamos el mandato fundacional y los proyectos en pugna en la formación de Asistentes Sociales en Santa Fe entre los años ‘40 e inicios de los ‘50. Para eso, hacemos una breve contextualización de la creación de la Escuela de Servicio Social, identificando los aspectos del andamiaje político-institucional estatal en que se gesta el primer Plan de Estudios de la carrera. A partir de un análisis comparativo de los Planes de Estudio elaborados durante el período que nos ocupa, caracterizamos las principales discusiones en relación con la formación profesional de Asistentes Sociales considerando variables internas y externas del campo disciplinar. De ese análisis concluimos en que existe un mandato fundacional de racionalización y profesionalización de la Asistencia como política de estado, la subordinación de la formación profesional a la orientación de la política social y a las necesidades de cada gobierno de afianzar sus idearios. En cuanto a los proyectos de formación, identificamos distintos discursos con fundamentos que van de la justicia social al higienismo, de la técnica a la ética y el compromiso, de la razón al afecto y la pasión, del conocimiento a la virtud.
Smart contracts y protección de datos personales
Authors: Flores María Emiliana
Published: June 2023

Blockchain es una tecnología innovadora que permite hacer más eficiente la vida de las personas, a partir de un variado campo de acciones, que entre otras cosas permiten realizar transacciones que generan confianza y disminuir los gastos de operación. En relación con Blockchain surgen los Smart Contracts, produciendo una revolución en materia contractual. Existen grandes apuestas en torno a éstos avances tecnológicos para varios sectores como el financiero o el registral. No obstante, a pesar de los evidentes beneficios, se advierten algunos obstáculos al cumplimiento de las normas en materia de protección de datos personales en el servicio de los contratos inteligentes vinculados en específico al control de privacidad/ confidencialidad y al derecho al olvido por los principios regentes de Blockchain.
Deliberating Marriage Payment through Jujuran within Banjarese Community
Authors: Hafidzi Anwar
Published: June 2023

Abstract: In the Banjarese culture of marriage, besides dowry, jujuran is also paid by the man to the woman in a certain amount of money under the request of the women’s family. Many researchers have discussed dowry, but only a few have revealed the reality of jujuran as a sign of marriage. This study was conducted with a phenomenological approach as part of a qualitative approach. The study aims to understand and describe a phenomenon about the subjects’ experiences regarding the Banjar community's marriage system, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The research argued that the Banjarese use jujuran as a sign of a marriage agreement. It also asserts that although jujuran aims to improve their children's economic standard when married, it reveals that this system determines who has the right to propose to their daughters. The paper also maintains that the local practice of jujuran payment has, to some extent, violated the rights of the women to their choice in marriage, mainly when the prospective grooms are unable to pay the jujuran. Abstrak: Dalam budaya perkawinan Banjar, selain mas kawin, jujuran juga dibayarkan oleh laki-laki kepada perempuan dalam jumlah tertentu atas permintaan keluarga perempuan. Banyak peneliti telah membahas tentang mahar, namun hanya sedikit yang mengungkap realitas jujuran sebagai tanda pernikahan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan fenomenologi sebagai bagian dari pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan fenomena sistem perkawinan di masyarakat Banjar, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang Banjar menggunakan jujuran sebagai tanda akad nikah. Hal ini juga menegaskan bahwa meski tujuan jujuran adalah untuk meningkatkan taraf ekonomi anak-anak mereka ketika mereka menikah, tetapi sistem ini dapat menentukan siapa yang berhak melamar anak perempuannya. Penelitian ini juga menyatakan bahwa praktik pembayaran jujuran setempat sampai batas tertentu telah melanggar hak perempuan atas pilihan mereka dalam pernikahan, terutama ketika calon pengantin pria tidak mampu membayar jujuran.
Local Values and Judges’ Legal Discretion in Islamic Court of Makassar: the Case of “Dispensasi Nikah”
Authors: Mustofa Kholifatun Nur
Published: June 2023

Abstract: This paper examines the legal considerations used by judges in the case of marriage dispensation at the Makassar Religious Court. This paper focuses on two things, first, the judge's consideration in deciding the marriage dispensation case, while the second focus is on the age of youngest couple who applied for a marriage dispensation. The marriage dispensation decision at the Makassar Religious Court is used as the primary source, while the secondary sources are collected from interviews and scientific works related to the topic of this research. Legal pluralism is applied as an approach to determine which law is more dominant in granting marriage dispensation in Makassar. The results revealed that majority of judges use customary law as a legal consideration in granting marriage dispensation cases at the Court. The judge used customary law as a consideration to granting a marriage dispensation application. It is reported that the youngest age in the marriage dispensation was 13 years for women and 14 years for men. The author found that 13 of the 16 cases of marriage dispensation stated that the child of the applicant who filed the marriage dispensation case was not pregnant. Abstrak: Paper ini mengkaji tentang pertimbangan hukum yang digunakan oleh hakim dalam memutuskan perkara dispensasi nikah di Pengadilan Agama Makassar. Tulisan ini berfokus pada dua hal, pertama, pertimbangan yang digunakan hakim dalam memutuskan perkara dispensasi nikah. Kedua fokus pada berapa usia pasangan termuda yang mengajukan dispensasi nikah. Putusan dispensasi nikah di Pengadilan Agama Makassar penulis gunakan sebagai sumber primer, sedangkan sumber sekunder penulis dapatkan dari wawancara dan karya ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian ini. Pluralisme hukum diterapkan sebagai pendekatan untuk menentukan hukum mana yang lebih dominan dalam pemberian dispensasi perkawinanPengadilan Agama Makassar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas hakim menggunakan hukum adat sebagai pertimbangan hukum dalam mengabulkan perkara dispensasi nikah di Pengadilan. Hakim menggunakan hukum adat sebagai pertimbangan untuk mengabulkan permohonan dispensasi nikah. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa usia termuda dalam dispensasi perkawinan adalah 13 tahun untuk perempuan dan 14 tahun untuk laki-laki. Penulis menemukan bahwa 13 dari 16 kasus dispensasi nikah menyatakan bahwa anak pemohon yang mengajukan dispensasi nikah tidak hamil.
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG DAN DAYA TAMPUNG AIR MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN BERBASIS SIG (Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Batang)
Authors: Purba Agantry , Sabri L.M , Nugraha Arief Laila
Published: June 2023

Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk maka kebutuhan air bersih akan meningkat sedangkan ketersediaan air bersih selalu menurun. Penggunaan air bersih dalam rumah tangga mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2012 sebesar 68,51 menjadi 70,25 tahun 2016. Wilayah Kabupaten Batang akan dibangun kawasan industri seperti KITB dan BIP. Pembangunan dan pengoperasian kawasan industri memerlukan kebutuhan air dalam jumlah yang sangat besar. Berdasarkan RTRW Kabupaten Batang penggunaan air bawah tanah untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan air kawasan industri adalah dilarang. Ketika konsumsi air yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia dan pembangunan ekonomi melebihi daya dukung sumber daya air maka kekurangan air akan muncul. Pemodelan spasial dari daya dukung dan daya tampung air sangat penting untuk memastikan keberlanjutan atas eksploitasi sumber daya lahan dan program pembangunan. Oleh sebab itu, digunakan pendekatan SIG yang dapat mempresentasikan daya dukung dan daya tampung air Kabupaten Batang. Penetapan status daya dukung dan daya tampung air di Kabupaten Batang menggunakan pendekatan keseimbangan antara ketersediaan dan kebutuhan. Ketersediaan air di Kabupaten Batang 3.702.297.225 m3/tahun sedangkan kebutuhan air total adalah 1.151.421.659,03 m3/tahun (31,10%) dari ketersediaan air, terdapat perbedaan 2.550.875.565,97 m3/tahun. Kabupaten Batang masih mengalami surplus air. Perbandingan antara ketersediaan dan kebutuhan air adalah 3,2 (>3) maka daya dukung dan daya tampung air Kabupaten Batang adalah belum terlampaui.
Revising the History of Nitchevo with Text Archives
Authors: Podhajecka Mirosława
Published: June 2023

This article focuses on the way nitchevo, a nineteenth-century Russian borrowing, was adopted into the English language. In order to investigate the history of the word, six digital text archives were considered. The results of the research are promising: not only do they allow one to trace antedatings for both senses, which updates the treatment of nitchevo in the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), but they also shed light on its semantic development, spelling variation, and route of transmission. Tellingly, albeit unsurprisingly, the evidence suggests that the press is responsible for boosting the recognition of the word on both sides of the Atlantic. All this indicates that the potential of modern research tools, including British and American newspaper archives, remains to be fully explored.
Distribution, pollution levels, and health risk assessment of heavy metals in groundwater in the main pepper production area of China
Authors: Eziz Mamattursun , Sidikjan Nazupar , Zhong Qing , Rixit Atiyagul , Li Xinguo
Published: June 2023

Heavy metal pollution of groundwater can have severe potential impacts on human health and the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatial distribution, pollution, and health risk of heavy metals in groundwater in the main pepper production area of China. A total of 67 groundwater samples were collected, and the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) elements were analyzed. The results indicated that the average concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn in groundwater are lower than the limits of the Standard for Groundwater Quality of China (Class III). However, the maximum concentrations of Mn, Cd, and Ni surpass the Standard for Groundwater Quality of China. The spatial distribution patterns of the concentrations and pollution levels of the six heavy metals in groundwater to be substantially heterogeneous. Furthermore, the pollution level of heavy metals in groundwater decrease in the following order: Mn > Cd > Ni > Cr > Zn > Cu, and the collected groundwater samples are found to be slightly polluted by heavy metals. Overall, the non-carcinogenic risk of the investigated metals, instigated primarily by oral ingestion of groundwater, are found to be higher than the acceptable range for children, and Cd poses the most significant health risk among the investigated metals.
Green synthesis of strontium-doped tin dioxide (SrSnO2) nanoparticles using the Mahonia bealei leaf extract and evaluation of their anticancer and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Aloufi Abeer S.
Published: June 2023

In this study, a simple green method was employed to produce strontium (Sr)-doped-tin-dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (SrSnO2 NPs) using the Mahonia bealei leaf extract. The synthesized NPs were characterized with XRD, FE-SEM, FTIR, and PL spectroscopy measurements. SrSnO2 NPs were analysed for antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The XRD analysis revealed that the synthesized samples exhibited a tetragonal rutile crystal structure type of tin oxide. The EDX spectrum conforms to the chemical composition and elemental mapping of SrSnO2 NP synthesis. At 632 cm−1, the O–Sn–O band was observed and chemical bonding was confirmed using an FTIR spectrum. The PL spectrum identified surface defects and oxygen vacancies. The SrSnO2 NPs were tested against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative human pathogens. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited effective antibacterial properties. The anticancer effects of SrSnO2 nanoparticles were also assessed against MCF-7 cells, and growth was decreased with increasing concentrations of the nanoparticles. Dual staining revealed high apoptosis in SrSnO2 NP-treated MCF-7 cells, proving its apoptotic potential. To conclude, we synthesized and characterized potential SrSnO2 nanoparticles using a green approach from the Mahonia bealei leaf extract. Further, green SrSnO2 nanoparticles showed significant antibacterial and anticancer properties against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) through apoptosis, which suggests a healthcare application for these nanoparticles.
Association of health predictors with quality of life in children and adolescents
Authors: Visser Pâmela Mello , Enes Carla Cristina , Nucci Luciana B.
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To evaluate the association of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) with physical activity, food consumption, sleep duration and screen time in children and adolescents.

Methods

Cross-sectional study with 268 students aged 10–17 years from a public school in Brazil. The outcome variable was HRQOL score, evaluated by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ (PedsQL™). Exposure variables were habitual physical activity, food consumption, sleep duration, and screen time. A general linear model was used to estimate age-adjusted means and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) of HRQOL scores, and a multivariable analysis of variance to identify factors associated with lower/higher HRQOL scores. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas.

Results

Overall HRQOL score was 70.3 (95 % CI: 68.0–72.6). Multivariable analyses showed lower HRQOL scores for those adolescents who: 1-were physically inactive (67.3; p=0.014); 2-sleep less than 6 h per night (66.8; p=0.003); 3-eat fruits and vegetables less than five days/week (68.9; p=0.027); and 4-eat fast food twice/week or more (68.6; p=0.036) when compared to their opposite groups. Screen time was not statistically significantly associated with total HRQOL.

Conclusions

The joint association found in our study suggests that at least three habits must change to improve the HRQOL of children and adolescents (physical activity, food consumption, and sleep duration). Therefore, interventions in schools to promote a healthy lifestyle to achieve a better HRQOL should include a multidisciplinary team to properly guide children and adolescents about these habits simultaneously.
Numerical investigations on sc-CO2 gas sequestration in layered heterogeneous deep saline aquifers
Authors: Pavan Tummuri Naga Venkata , Devarapu Srinivasa Reddy , Kudapa Vamsi Krishna , Govindarajan Suresh Kumar
Published: June 2023

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is regarded as the feasible solution to mitigate CO2 emissions from the burning of fossil fuels in large-scale industries to meet energy demand. The storage of CCS requires the injection of CO2 gas captured from bulk sources into geological formations. Deep saline aquifers are the largest identified storage potential formations for injecting high volumes of gas. The safe storage of CO2 gas requires a better understanding of the gas migration and pore pressure buildup in the aquifer. In the present work, a numerical has been developed to study the various factors impacting the CO2 gas migration in the formation of both homogeneous and multi-layered deep saline aquifers. The numerical model has been history matched with an analytical solution and the plume thickness data reported by Nordbotten, J. M., M. A. Celia, and S. Bachu. (2005). “Injection and Storage of CO2 in Deep Saline Aquifers: Analytical Solution for CO2 Plume Evolution during Injection.” Transport in Porous Media 58 (3): 339–60. The saturation distribution and pressure buildup in the aquifer are different for each case. The relative permeability of gas increases in the homogeneous case. The drainage efficiency increases along with injection time in any formation. However, the drainage process is less in layered formation compared with homogeneous formation. The parameterized storage efficiency factor (Ɛ) is calculated to understand the storage capacity of the aquifer along the lateral direction near to injection well. The formations having low permeability in the top and below layers of the aquifer, the storage efficiency factor is high indicating more amount of gas is stored.
Harmony of Asymmetric Variants of the Filbert and Lilbert Matrices inq-form
Authors: Kiliç Emrah , Ersanli Didem
Published: June 2023

We define a new matrix whose entries are defined by the idea of combining two different asymmetric rules. We will derive explicit formulæ for the matricesLandUcome fromLU-decomposition,L−1,U−1, inverse of the main matrix as well as its determinant. To prove the claimed results, we use backward induction method.
Dimension dependence of current injection path in GaInN/GaN multi-quantum-shell (MQS) nanowire-based light-emitting diode arrays
Authors: Katsuro Sae , Lu Weifang , Ito Kazuma , Nakayama Nanami , Inaba Soma , Shima Ayaka , Yamamura Shiori , Jinno Yukimi , Sone Naoki , Huang Kai , Iwaya Motoaki , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Kamiyama Satoshi
Published: June 2023

To light emitting diodes (LEDs), solving the common non-uniform current injection and efficiency degradation issues in (0001) plane micro-LED is essential. Herein, we investigated the light emission characteristics of various mesa sizes and different p-electrode areas toward the realization of coaxial GaInN/GaN multi-quantum-shell (MQS) nanowires (NWs)-based micro-LEDs. As the mesa area was reduced, the current leakage decreases, and further reduction of the area showed a possibility of realizing micro-LED with less current leakage. The large leakage path is mainly associated with the defective MQS structure on the (0001) plane area of each NW. Therefore, more NWs involved in an LED chip will induce higher reverse leakage. The current density-light output density characteristics showed considerably increased electroluminescence (EL) intensity as the mesa area decreased, owing to the promoted current injection into the efficient NW sidewalls under high current density. The samples with a mesa area of 50 × 50 µm2 showed 1.68 times higher light output density than an area of 100 × 100 µm2 under a current density of 1000 A/cm2. In particular, the emission from (1-101) and (10-10) planes did not exhibit an apparent peak shift caused by the quantum-confined Stark effect. Furthermore, by enlarging the p-electrode area, current can be uniformly injected into the entire chip with a trade-off of effective injection to the sidewall of each NW. High performance of the MQS NW-based micro-LED can be expected because of the mitigated efficiency degradation with a reducing mesa area and an optimal dimension of p-electrode.
KOVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNİN EKONOMİ POLİTİKASI BELİRSİZLİKLERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: YİĞENOĞLU Kaan , YERGİN Haluk , GÜNSAN Nida
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 salgını, ekonomi politikası belirsizliği üzerinde 2007-2008 küresel mali krizine kıyasla daha büyük bir etkiye neden olmuştur. Hükümetler, dünya çapında ülkelerin mali ve ekonomik performansını etkileyen pandeminin neden olduğu ekonomik serpintiyi hafifletmek için benzeri görülmemiş önlemler almıştır. Yakın zamanda yapılan bir çalışma, küresel bir sorun olarak salgının ekonomi politikası belirsizliği üzerindeki etkisini araştırmış ve bu belirsizlikte önemli bir artışa neden olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Çalışmada, aylık küresel ekonomi politikası belirsizlik endeksi, CBOE VIX endeksi ve haber bazlı ekonomi politikası belirsizlik endeksi dahil olmak üzere çeşitli ekonomik göstergeler kullanılmış ve 2007-2022 dönemi için on ülkenin ekonomi politikası belirsizliği analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, COVID-19 salgınının 2007-2008 küresel finansal krizinden farklı olarak daha önce görülmemiş düzeyde bir belirsizliğe neden olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışma, hükümetlerin ekonomik büyümenin uzun vadeli sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak için artan kamu harcamaları, krediye erişim ve gelişmiş mali gözetim gibi önlemleri uygulamaya devam etmeleri gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.
Stratejik Ticaret Politikası Teorileri Işığında İhracat Teşviklerinin Performansı: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: SİNAY Mehmet , ERTÜRK Emin
Published: June 2023

Ülkeler kendi çıkarları çerçevesinde dış ticarete müdahale ettikçe reaksiyon göstermeyen ülkeler aleyhine bazı kazanımlar elde edebilmektedir. Stratejik ticaret politikaları, oligopolistik piyasalarda oluşan aşırı karların daha yüksek seviyede ülkeye aktarılması için firmaların desteklenmesi gerektiğini ileri sürmektedir. Bu çalışma 2006-2020 yıllarını dikkate alarak, Türkiye’de uygulanan ihracat teşviklerinin küresel ihracat pazar payını nasıl etkilendiğini zaman serisi analizi ile açıklamaktır. Kurgulanan model sonucunda, ihracat teşviklerinin istatistiki olarak anlamlı ve iktisadi olarak pozitif yönde küresel ihracat pazar payını etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ülkelerin çoğunluğunun yararına olacak uzun dönemli etkin çözüm; genel kabul gören şekilde, serbest ticaret ortamında, küresel rekabete ayak uyduracak makul tedbirlerin alınması şeklinde olacaktır.