bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Tinospora cordifolia on Oxidative Stress Level Due to Drug Induced Nephrotoxicity: An Experimental Study
Authors: Vyas Janani Maheshwari V , Kumar Senthil Kumar Sampath , Joseph Leena Dennis
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Various herbs are known to confer nephroprotectivity against renal damage of different origins. Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers is known to treat kidney disorders. Yet, a lacuna of studying the protective effect of the herb on drug induced nephrotoxicity at different time periods exists. Aim: To determine the protective effect of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers on drug induced nephrotoxic biochemical changes upon post-treatment with the herb. Material and Methods: An experimental study was carried out in Centre for Toxicology and Developmental Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from September 2020 to October 2020. Gentamicin induced drug nephrotoxicity model was employed for the study. The ethanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia was prepared. Total 51 adult male wistar rats were housed under standard animal laboratory conditions for 30 days and were assigned to four groups: Control group (Olive oil, per os), Nephrotoxicity group (Gentamicin), Toxicity cessation group (Gentamicin-Olive oil) and Post-treatment group (Gentamicin T.cordifolia ethanolic extract) groups. To induce nephrotoxicity, gentamicin (100 mg/Kg) was administered through the intraperitoneal route for 8 days. The ethanolic extract of the stem of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers (400 mg/Kg) was administered orally for one, two and three weeks following nephrotoxicity induction. Levels of activity of Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Reduced Glutathione contentand Lipid peroxidation in the kidney were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Post-hoc tests. Results: The reduction in superoxide dismutase (6.33±1.19 unit/ mg/mt), catalase (57.56±25.89 mcm/mt/mg ptn), glutathione peroxidase (5.79±1.87 nm/mt/mg ptn) activity, and reduced glutathione (4.98±0.31mcm/g tissue) levels and increase in the lipid peroxidation (196.28±100.05 nm/g tissue) in the kidney due to gentamicin nephrotoxicity was reversed upon post-treatment with Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers extract for 1 week (7.06±0.25 unit/mg/mt, 119.69±22.79 mcm/ mt/mg ptn, 7.08±1.73 nm/mt/mg ptn, 6.19±0.99 mcm/g tissue and 93.10±9.11 nm/g tissue), 2 weeks (7.03±0.43 unit/ mg/ mt, 181.79±39.00 mcm/mt/mg ptn, 5.07±0.81 nm/mt/mg ptn, 7.58±0.73 mcm/g tissue and 188.31±54.89 nm/g tissue) and 3 weeks (7.81±0.47 unit/mg/mt, 165.83±37.48 mcm/mt/ mg ptn, 3.92±1.87 nm/mt/mg ptn, 7.03±1.28 mcm/g tissue, 214.40±72.93 nm/g tissue). Conclusion: Post-treatment with T.cordifolia (Willd.) Miers stem extract is protective in drug induced nephrotoxic condition, even upon 1 week of administration. Its therapeutic influence on the alterations in the oxidative stress markers and antioxidant levels produced due to Gentamicin nephrotoxicity has been demonstrated.
Medullary Solitary Plasmacytoma of Maxilla- A Rare Case Report
Authors: Shah Jigna S , Dubey Jaya
Published: October 2022

Solitary Plasmacytoma (SP) is a rare disease characterized by a localized proliferation of neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells, without evidence of systemic disease. The aetiology of SP remains unknown, but chronic stimulation, overdose irradiation, viruses, and gene interactions in the reticuloendothelial system have been suggested as the etiologic factor. While pain is the most common symptom of osseous mandible SP, it is usually painless in the maxilla and may manifest orally with paresthesia, swelling, soft tissue masses, mobility and migration of teeth, haemorrhage, or pathologic fracture due to cortical destruction of bone. Because the amount of haemopoitic bone marrow in the maxilla is decreased, oral involvement of the maxilla is less common than that of the mandible. A 46-year-old male patient presented with the chief complaint of mobility of his upper left back teeth and swelling over his left-side palatal area. Clinical examination was suggestive of benign odontogenic tumors and salivary gland tumors, while two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) imaging were suggestive of malignant tumors arising from either alveolar bone or maxillary sinus. The laboratory investigations and biopsy revealed solitary plasmacytoma of maxilla. There were clinical symptoms of paresthesia and mobility, but no other signs of malignancy were observed. As the case report concludes, all necessary investigations need to be conducted to exclude all other pathologies, so that treatment can begin as soon as possible.
Effect of Crop Rotation on Profitability of Paddy Production in Odisha: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Mishra Sibanarayan , Behera Alok Ranjan
Published: October 2022

The returns from crop cultivation are essential not only for the survival of farmers but also to facilitate reinvestment in agriculture. An attempt has been made to evaluate profitability in paddy production with respect to crop rotation. Primary data from 455 farmers through a multistage purposive sampling technique were used in the study. Descriptive statistics and independent sample t-test were used in the study. The study found that profitability in paddy production varies at moderate level with respect to crop rotation. In total farmers were getting anet profit of 5324 rupees per acre. But per acre profit of paddy varies significantly considering point of product sold by farmers and share cropping characteristics of the farmer. On average farmer selling paddy at mandi were getting 11388 rupees of profit per acre while farmer selling at local markets were getting per acre 3103 rupees of profit.
Constrained Stochastic Inventory Control Models for Multi-Item with Variable Demand
Authors: Udoh Nse. S. , Ukpongessien Raphael F. , Iseh Matthew J.
Published: October 2022

Constrained multi-item inventory system with variable demands are considered. The demand rates of five selected multi-item - Cowbell, Milo, SMA, Cerelac and Golden Morn were modeled as Weibull, Normal and Lognormal probability distributions respectively with the aid of chi-squared multinomial goodness-of-fit test. The respective probability distributions with estimated location parameters: 491.55, 536.92, 10.5, 2.1926 and 5.3103 were used as the basis of probabilistic inventory models to obtain dynamic EOQ for each item under each constraint subject to Kuhn, Karush and Tucker (KKT) conditions as against the use of simple averages in deterministic inventory models. The optimal values of these constraints: available warehouse space (124sq.ft), specified level of inventory (94 units), limited capital (76,671.52 naira) and number of orders (1/month) were obtained using the optimal EOQ values to establish optimal inventory level and constraints level/capacity for each item in order to avoid shortage or excess stock.
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) in Newborn Leading to a Hydrops Fetalis Syndrome: Case Report
Authors: Babour S. , Sellouti M. , Ayad A. , Saghir S. , Abilkassem R. , Agadr A.
Published: October 2022

Hydrops fetalis is defined by the accumulation of fluids in the serous membranes (pleurisy, ascites, pericarditis...), it is a rare condition; its etiologies are divided into immunological and non-immunological. Supraventricular tachycardia remains a known cause, non-immunological, but difficult to manage.

In this article we report the case of a newborn with hydrops fetalis secondary to supraventricular tachycardia, which failed to be treated.

The clinical, paraclinical, etiological diagnosis and finally the treatment were discussed.
Capparis spinosa var. inermis Turra: Presentation, Uses and Socio-economic Benefits
Authors: Zouaoui Refka , Aoun Hanine Ben , Abassi Mejda , Ammari Youssef
Published: October 2022

The caper (Capparis spinosa var. Inermis Turra) is a bushy sub-shrub, 30 to 50 cm high. It is a small "sarmentose" shrub with unarmed twigs belonging to the Capparaceae family. It is a species of Saharo-Arabian and Mediterranean origins, which is characterized by food, ecological, socio-economic and ornamental importance. It is also known for its medicinal and therapeutic virtues, which are very interesting given the pharmacological activities of the phytochemicals present in the different parts of the caper tree (roots, leaves, buds, fruits, bark and seeds). Its mode of propagation is by seed or by semi-woody, woody, semi-herbaceous and herbaceous cuttings.
Research Status and Development Trend of Intelligent Mechanized Pepper Harvesting
Authors: Zhang Shennan , Cai Peifang
Published: October 2022

Since the reform and opening up, the mechanization level of China's agricultural production has been significantly improved. Intelligent mechanization of agricultural production is an inevitable trend for future social development. It is based on intelligent equipment, with data and knowledge as the core elements to enable the deep integration of modern science and technology with agriculture. This enables digital perception, intelligent decision making, and precise operation of the whole agricultural production process, further improving labor productivity, land output rate and resource utilization rate. This paper introduces the development status of agricultural production in China and abroad with pepper harvesting, analyzes the necessity of changing China's agricultural production to intelligent mechanized production, summarizes the opportunities and challenges in intelligent mechanization, and accordingly puts forward the development direction and development route of China's agricultural production. To promote the transformation of China's agricultural production mode from mechanization to wisdom, this paper puts forward countermeasure suggestions such as strengthening the construction of agricultural machinery equipment R&D and innovation system, strengthening the construction of agricultural machinery promotion system, strengthening the construction of agricultural machinery socialization service system, and accelerating the construction of wisdom agriculture demonstration area.
Reduction of Toxic Effects of Textile Dye, Basic Red-18 on Tilapia Fish by Bioremediation with a Novel Bacterium, Mangrovibacter yixingensis Strain AKS2 Isolated from Textile Wastewater
Authors: Nasrin Tamanna , Saha Ananda Kumar , Mohanta Moni Krishno , Chaity Arnaba Saha , Alam Md. Jahangir , Shawon Md. Mehedi Hasan , Haque Md Fazlul
Published: October 2022

Due to rapid industrialization and market demand of vibrant textile products, the natural textile dyes have been replaced by the synthetic textile dyes. These synthetic dyes are released in environment with textile wastewater resulting in a major environmental pollution, especially in aquatic ecosystem. Hence, aquatic organisms like fish are highly vulnerable to the pollution caused by dyes of textile wastewater. This study was designed to evaluate the deleterious effects of Basic Red-18 (BR-18) dye on behavior, survivability, haematology and histology of Tilapia fish (Tilapia mossambica) and to minimize these deleterious effects of BR-18 dye by bioremediation with the novel bacteria isolated from textile wastewater. The isolated novel bacteria was identified as Mangrovibacter yixingensis strain AKS2 by 16s rRNA sequencing (Accession no. OM189530). The 30% and 70% mortality rates were observed in fish exposed to commercial BR-18 dye at concentrations of 100 and 200 ppm respectively. Interestingly, the mortality rate of fish was decreased significantly to 10% and 20% when fish were exposed to 100 and 200 ppm BR-18 dye respectively after bioremediation with M. yixingensis strain AKS2. Fish exposed to tap water and bioremediated BR-18 dye solution exhibited typical behavioral responses, whereas fish exposed to commercial BR-18 dye solution exhibited anomalous behavior. Fish subjected to commercial BR-18 dye solution displayed decreased RBC, Hb, but increased WBC levels, demonstrating the dye's haemotoxicity. Contrary, no remarkable haematological toxic effect was found when fish were exposed to bioremediated BR-18 dye indicating the non-toxic character of the bioremediated dye metabolites. Similarly, extensive histological abnormalities in the gill, liver, intestinal, stomach, and heart tissues were seen when fish was cultured in commercial BR-18 dye, but the abnormalities were less significant when fish were raised in bioremediated BR-18 dye. Altogether, it can be concluded that BR-18 dye are toxic to fish, but this toxicity can be minimized by bioremediation with M. yixingensis strain AKS2.
Influence of Microwave and Traditional Smoked Drying Method on the Protein and Moisture Content of Puntius sophore
Authors: Akhtara Nabila , Borah Archana
Published: October 2022

Drying of fish is a traditional method for storing fishes for long periods without any significant damages. Effects of two smoking and microwave drying on moisture and protein content of fish (Puntius sophore) was studied to determine the benefits of preserving and retaining the protein content of fish. Collected fishes were dried in traditional smoking method for about 12 hours and using microwave drying method at different power levels of 140W, 280W and 560W for different time period. The moisture and protein content of raw fish was found to be 70.78±2.2% and 18.78±1.06 mg/g wet weight respectively. The changes in moisture and protein content in the two different drying methods was found to be significant (p<0.05). With increase in microwave temperature moisture content decreases and protein content increases. The results showed that microwave-drying method could be used for preservation of fish and make the product commercially available.
Biochemical Characterization of Local Populations of Physalis minima L. Suggests Correlation between its Fruit and Medicinal Properties
Authors: Anjani Kumari , Sharma V. K. , Kumar Harsh
Published: October 2022

Physalis minima L. is known to possess numerous medicinal properties and has a potential to be utilized as a fruit plant. But the environment induced variations in biochemical constitution of this plant have not been identified. The present study was carried out for biochemical characterization of different populations of Physalis minima L. plants of Bihar and determine the correlation between medicinal and fruit value of the plant. Nineteen quantitative biochemical parameters were recorded for 70 plants of seven populations. Substantial variations, within and between populations, for all the biochemical characters was observed. The findings indicated the presence of positive and negative correlation within and between the nutritive and medicinal parameters of the plants. The biochemical characters were successfully able to distinguish the populations into different groups. The study thus concludes that the P. minima L. plants which have high medicinal value will also have highly nutritious fruits. It was also ascertained that the biochemical characters can be used as markers to characterize the plants and determine the relatedness between the plants of different regions. The information will thus enable easy selection of the commercially beneficial plants.
Microclimate under the Cup of Papaya Planted in the North-South and East-West Directions
Authors: Trevisan Evelyn , Zucoloto Moises , Valani Gustavo Pereira , Oliveira Vinicius de Souza , Partelli Fábio Luiz
Published: October 2022

The objective of this work was to evaluate the variations of environmental factors under the canopy of papaya planted in a north-south and east-west orientation. Two areas were studied, one oriented north-south and the other east-west, both planted with a spacing of 3.20 mx 2.40 m, planted in April 2015. The distances from the papaya line (levels of shading) and a place in full sun, where it was evaluated, in the North-South direction: in the papaya planting line, at 40 cm west side, 40 cm east side and in full sun; in the East-West direction: In the papaya planting line, at 40 cm on the north side, 40 cm on the south side and in the planting line in full sun. The following atmospheric variables were determined: temperature, irradiance and relative humidity. Tukey's test was used to compare means at a confidence level of 95%. Papaya planted in the east-west direction, under the conditions studied, provided lower incident irradiation, reduced temperature and higher values ​​of relative humidity under its canopy, compared to papaya planted in the north-south direction. It is possible to intercrop papaya planted in the east-west direction with other agricultural crops, including conilon coffee.
Causes and Constraints in Equine Rearing in Haryana, India
Authors: Singh Ajmer , Pal Yash , Prashad Jitender , Kumar Rajender , Kumar Sanjay
Published: October 2022

Present study was aimed to identify causes and constraints in equine rearing in Haryana, India. The study was descriptive in nature and survey based. Structured interview schedule was adopted for data collection and data analysis was done by adopting Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version.  In current study, it emerged out that respondents are facing constraints in equine rearing and 9.9% responded that in-put cost is more and out-put cost is less in equine rearing and this is the prime cause, 10.2% mentioned that closure of equine fairs is major cause, 5.6% responded lack of government veterinary, 29.7% mentioned lack of work due to excessive use of automobile, 10.6% responded scarcity of financial help from government, 9.9% social taboo, 5.3%  lack of enthusiasm  among younger generation toward equine, 1.3% heavy traffic, expressways and fly-over, 0.7% re-occurrence of Glander disease in India and 15.8% are unable to say anything on causes and constraints for equine rearing in Haryana. As suggestions are concern, 42.4% respondents delineated in their feedback that loan facilities on subsidized rates should be made available to expand equine rearing business, 24.6% demanded expert government veterinary services, 6.6% adequate insurance facilities, 7.3% restart of equine fairs, 2% arrangement of adequate work for equines and 1.3% demanded that awareness camps for equine farmers by Haryana government authorities. The current study is very significant and will be helpful to visualize and address the situation in changed scenario.
Teachers’ Perception on the Implementation of New National School Curriculum in Pachu Primary School
Authors: Dorji Nima
Published: October 2022

According to the definition from the Oxford languages, perception is the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses. The other definitions draws the intent of my work closer which states, the way in which something is regarded,understood,or interpreted. It is of utmost significant that the perception of what we are actually required to do must be clear to us and must be able to interpret critically. However, there is possibility of our teachers delivering the curriculum with no proper understanding and direction in some cases. The Instructional Guides (IG) launched by ministry of education in 2022,which discourages full use of textbooks triggered some reservations in the minds of the teachers.Therefore, this study aims to explore the actual perception of the teachers on the implementation of the new national school curriculum in one of the remote primary schools, Pachu Primary School. Teachers do have number of issues to share on the implementation of the new national school curriculum from different perspectives. The study is optimistic to provide clearer picture of what the teachers are experiencing in the real field.
Optimization of Tourism Promotion through Tourism Object Location Map: A Case Study of Serang City, Banten Province, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Budi , Hurdawaty Ramon
Published: October 2022

The success of promoting historical tourist attractions (heritage) depends on aspects of seeing existing opportunities and foresight in targeting the target market. Providing information to tourists is now becoming something important. One form of information is by mapping tourist objects. Mapping tourist is useful for providing information to tourists about the types and locations of tourist objects. Informative tourist maps not only visualize tourist objects but also matters relating to tourist facilities and infrastructures such as accessibility, public facilities, the physical condition of the area, and other supporting information. Currently, no map contains the location or location of historical tourist attractions in Serang City so tourists know very little about existing tourism. This study aims to present objects and accessibility of historical tourism in Serang City by compiling visualizations through mapping. This research was conducted in the city of Serang, Banten, Indonesia in 2021. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. Sampling with nonprobability sampling with purposive sampling technique. Researchers made three alternative tourist maps that can be used by serang city. Suggestions for Serang City is that it is necessary to determine a historical tourism map and it is necessary to make a giant billboard of Serang's historical tourism map at two location points (Alun-alun Serang and Old Banten Area).
Study: Use symptoms for benzo dosing in alcohol withdrawal
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: October 2022

Alcohol withdrawal symptoms are traditionally treated by benzodiazepines, often using a fixed‐dose protocol. A new study has found that using a symptoms‐triggered approach resulted in a lower rate of readmissions within 90 days and a reduced total dose of benzodiazepines. The study found that using a symptoms‐triggered approach does result in a longer length of hospital stay, but that this pays off for the patient and the payer in the long run. Using a symptoms‐triggered approach results in a reduced relapse to alcohol dependence, the study found.
Preparation of Anisotropic Nanocrystalline NdFeB Magnets from Amorphous Powders by One‐Step Hot Deformation
Authors: Xu Ke , Huang Weida , Liao Xuefeng , Yu Hongya , Zhong Xichun , Liu Zhongwu
Published: October 2022

The preparation of nanocrystalline anisotropic NdFeB permanent magnets generally includes two steps, hot pressing (HP) and hot deformation (HD). Herein, one‐step HD process is proposed to fabricate NdFeB magnets using amorphous powders. The effects of deformation ratio on the microstructure, magnetic properties, and corrosion resistance are investigated. Compared to traditional HP and HD process, one‐step HD can significantly reduce the volume fraction of coarse‐grain zone in the magnet. The increase of deformation ratio can promote the formation of the textured platelet‐shaped grains and uniform grain boundary phase. The magnetic properties, temperature stability, and corrosion resistance of the magnets increase with increasing deformation ratio until 80%. The best magnetic properties with intrinsic coercivity Hcj = 930 kA m−1, remanence Jr = 1.17 T, and maximum energy product (BH)max = 263 kJ m−3 have been achieved for the magnet prepared by one‐step HD, which are comparable to those obtained by conventional HP/HD. In addition, different Co element segregations are observed in the magnets with different deformation ratios, which have important effects on the Curie temperature and thermal stability of the magnets. The results suggest that, by replacing HP/HD process and using amorphous powder, one‐step HD can simplify the process while maintaining good properties.
Spray‐Coating of Superhydrophobic Coatings for Advanced Applications
Authors: Goralczyk Andreas , Savicheva Sofya , Montazeri Ramin , Fine Simona , Mayoussi Fadoua , Zhu Pang , Steffen Kay , Kotz-Helmer Frederik , Helmer Dorothea , Rapp Bastian E.
Published: October 2022

Superhydrophobic coatings are widely applicable, e.g., as self‐cleaning surfaces or water–oil separation membranes, yet their wider usage is impeded due to costs of fabrication, size, or substrate limitation. Spray‐coating is a versatile coating procedures and might offer a good solution for the fabrication of these superhydrophobic coatings, due to the fact that coatings can be fabricated on various materials in a simple, fast, and inexpensive manner. Most procedures rely on hybrid coatings of hydrophobized nanoparticles and a polymeric matrix, which have several drawbacks including the easy loss of nanoparticles and difficult waste handling. Here, the fabrication of the superhydrophobic material, called Fluoropor, for the first time, by spray‐coating on various substrates including metals, tissues, concrete, and glass is presented. It is fabricated by spray‐coating a mixture of a highly fluorinated monomer blended with porogens followed by photopolymerization. The superhydrophobicity of the material relies on the porous structure on the micro‐/nanoscale across the bulk material and does not require any nanoparticles. Excellent self‐cleaning ability of these coatings, resistance against thermal and abrasive impact, and their application as oil–water separation membranes are shown. This versatile applicability is highly promising for real‐world application as self‐cleaning coatings or oil–water separating membranes.
Design Principles to Maximize Non‐Bonding States for Highly Tribopositive Behavior
Authors: Kim Jihye , Kang Donghyeon , Lee Hoo‐Kyung , Hwang Joon‐Ha , Lee Hyeon Yeong , Jeon Sera , Kim Dabin , Kim SeongMin , Kim Sang‐Woo
Published: October 2022

The development of highly tribopositive materials is crucial for realizing high‐performance triboelectric nanogenerators. In this study, a novel protocol to maximize the number of non‐bonding electrons with local dipoles for designing highly tribopositive materials is introduced, and nitrogen‐based dimethylol urea, diazolidinyl urea, and imidazolidinyl urea as promising tribopositive materials are suggested. The mechanism by which nitrogen‐based materials provide highly tribopositive properties is investigated using calculations based on density functional theory. Highly electronegative atoms, such as nitrogen and oxygen, attract electrons from neighboring atoms, resulting in the formation of negative local dipoles in the highest occupied molecular orbital band composed of non‐bonding electrons, thereby creating an electron‐donating environment. The proposed design protocol is confirmed by quantitatively investigating the triboelectric properties of nitrogen‐based materials, and analyzing the charge transfer characteristics of dimethylol urea based on dipole interactions.
Facet‐Dependent Intrinsic Activity of Single Co3O4 Nanoparticles for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Liu Zhibin , Amin Hatem M. A. , Peng Yuman , Corva Manuel , Pentcheva Rossitza , Tschulik Kristina
Published: October 2022

Deciphering the influence of nanocatalyst morphology on their catalytic activity in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the limiting reaction in water splitting process, is essential to develop highly active precious metal‐free catalysts, yet poorly understood. The intrinsic OER activity of Co3O4 nanocubes and spheroids is probed at the single particle level to unravel the correlation between exposed facets, (001) vs. (111), and activity. Single cubes with predominant (001) facets show higher activity than multi‐faceted spheroids. Density functional theory calculations of different terminations and reaction sites at (001) and (111) surfaces confirm the higher activity of the former, expressed in lower overpotentials. This is rationalized by a change in the active site from octahedral to tetrahedral Co and the potential‐determining step from *OH to *O for the cases with lowest overpotentials at the (001) and (111) surfaces, respectively. This approach enables the identification of highly active facets to guide shape‐selective syntheses of improved metal oxide nanocatalysts for water oxidation.
Biodegradable Carbon Dioxide‐Derived Non‐Viral Gene Vectors for Osteosarcoma Gene Therapy
Authors: Li Meirong , Lin Zheng‐Ian , Yang Jingyu , Huang Haoqiang , Liu Guan‐Lin , Liu Qiqi , Zhang Xinmeng , Zhang Ying , Xu Zhourui , Lin Haoming , Chai Yujuan , Chen Xin , Ko Bao‐Tsan , Liu Jia , Chen Chih‐Kuang , Yang Chengbin
Published: October 2022

Osteosarcoma often occurs in children and adolescents with high invasiveness and high mortality. Polo‐like kinase 1 (PLK1) overexpressed in most tumors promotes cancer cell proliferation and transformation. PLK1 is considered as a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. RNA interference‐based therapies are employed to combat osteosarcoma through silencing PLK1 gene expression. However, the treatment results remain unsatisfactory due to the lack of a safe and efficient nonviral gene vector. To tackle this hurdle, biodegradable and CO2‐derivative cationic poly(vinylcyclohexene carbonates) (CPCHCs) are used as gene vectors to perform a siPLK1 therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma treatment. Of those CPCHCs, CPCHC60 demonstrates the most excellent performance in gene transfection efficiency, endo‐lysosome escaping, biodegradability, and biosafety. With the treatment of CPCHCs/siRNA nanoparticles, the expression level of PLK1 gene in osteosarcoma cells is significantly down‐regulated. Subsequently, cells are arrested in the G2/M phase and subsequently dead in the form of apoptosis, resulting in significant tumor regression both in vitro and in vivo. This study brings a new insight into the development of superior nonviral gene vectors for practical cancer treatment. Based on the results, the resulting nanoparticle‐based gene drug formation is considered to have a highly successful chance in further translational nanomedicine applications.
Approaching Bulk Mobility in PbSe Colloidal Quantum Dots 3D Superlattices
Authors: Pinna Jacopo , Mehrabi Koushki Razieh , Gavhane Dnyaneshwar S. , Ahmadi Majid , Mutalik Suhas , Zohaib Muhammad , Protesescu Loredana , Kooi Bart J. , Portale Giuseppe , Loi Maria Antonietta
Published: October 2022

3D superlattices made of colloidal quantum dots are a promising candidate for the next generation of optoelectronic devices as they are expected to exhibit a unique combination of tunable optical properties and coherent electrical transport through minibands. While most of the previous work was performed on 2D arrays, the control over the formation of these systems is lacking, where limited long‐range order and energetical disorder have so far hindered the potential of these metamaterials, giving rise to disappointing transport properties. Here, it is reported that nanoscale‐level controlled ordering of colloidal quantum dots in 3D and over large areas allows the achievement of outstanding transport properties. The measured electron mobilities are the highest ever reported for a self‐assembled solid of fully quantum‐confined objects. This ultimately demonstrates that optoelectronic metamaterials with highly tunable optical properties (in this case in the short‐wavelength infrared spectral range) and charge mobilities approaching that of bulk semiconductor can be obtained. This finding paves the way toward a new generation of optoelectronic devices.
Lubrication Mechanism of Surface‐Attached Hydrogel Layers in Sliding Contact
Authors: Bahrami Maryam , Houérou Vincent Le , Rühe Jürgen
Published: October 2022

Swollen, surface‐attached hydrogel layers in sliding contact exhibit unusual friction properties. To study this phenomenon, hydrogel layers covalently bonded to solid substrates are generated by CH insertion crosslinking. Brief UV irradiation of thin layers of photoreactive prepolymers leads to simultaneous crosslinking of the polymer chains and attachment of the network to the substrate. As the surface‐attached hydrogel layers can only swell perpendicular to the surface, and the polymer subchains on the two sides of the friction pair cannot interpenetrate for entropic reasons, adhesion in such friction pairs is negligible. In this work, the tribological behavior of surface‐attached hydrogel pairs is investigated as a function of load and sliding velocity. It is observed that for very thin films, the indentation and accordingly the friction is a strong function of the film thickness and the role of the chain confinement on the lubrication of surface‐attached hydrogels is discussed. A model for the friction mechanism of such systems is developed.
Unprecedented Thermo‐Enhanced Retainable Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Qi Weilin , Ma Cheng , Liao Peilong , Li Hongpeng , Gu Ting , Wu Tongyue , Huang Jianbin , Yan Yun
Published: October 2022

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) enabled by chiral self‐assembly is very promising in diversified applications. However, temperature‐triggered disassembly or self‐assembly transition often results in reduction or even silence of CPL. Here, a strategy of coordinating self‐assembly is reported that offers temperature enhanced and retainable CPL that is resistant to further temperature variation. Upon co‐assembling commercial dyes with the coordinating hydrogel of cholate‐calcium, the chirality transfer from cholate to the dyes allows generation of CPL. With increasing temperature, the CPL intensity can be enhanced 4 times and the emission dissymmetry factorgemcan be promoted from 0.04 to 0.1, then they remain stable either upon further elevating or lowering temperature. Mechanism study reveals that increasing temperature has triggered the coordination transition between the carbonate groups and Ca2+from the metastable bidentate chelating to the thermal stable bridging mode, which drives the transition from flexible nanohelices to stiff helical bunches. This promotes the alignment of the dyes and in the meantime decreases its mobility, thus leads to increased CPL intensity andgem. It is envisioned that the strategy of coordinating self‐assembly would be very promising in creating thermally stable CPL for diversified applications.
Tandem Copper(I)‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation–1,4‐Conjugate Addition to Access Tetrahydroacridinones
Authors: Honnanayakanavar Jyoti M. , Behera Purna Chandra , Suresh Surisetti
Published: October 2022

A copper‐catalyzed tandem process integrating N‐arylation and 1,4‐conjugate addition is disclosed through the reaction of cyclic enaminones and ortho‐halochalcones. The reaction appears to proceed through chemoselective arylation on the nitrogen of enaminone with ortho‐halochalcones and Michael addition of α‐carbon of the enaminone to the chalcone to furnish a diverse range of tricyclic tetrahydroacridinone derivatives in moderate to excellent yields.

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Iron‐Catalyzed Radical Zincations of Alkyl Iodides
Authors: Sunagatullina Alisa S. , Lutter Ferdinand H. , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Knochel Paul
Published: October 2022

We report a new iron‐catalyzed I/Zn‐exchange allowing to convert primary or tailored secondary alkyl iodides into the corresponding alkylzinc iodides. In the presence of a remote double bond at position 5, diastereoselective ring closures are observed. Quenching of these zinc reagents, after transmetalation to copper species (with CuCN ⋅ 2LiCl) or under Pd‐catalysis, with typical electrophiles (allyl bromides, acid chlorides or aryl iodides) gave various polyfunctional products.

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Epstein–Barr Virus‐Encoded MicroRNA‐BART18‐3p Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression by Targeting De Novo Lipogenesis
Authors: Meng Qingtao , Sun Hao , Wu Shenshen , Familiari Giuseppe , Relucenti Michela , Aschner Michael , Li Xiaobo , Chen Rui
Published: October 2022

The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) genome encodes a cluster of 22 viral microRNAs, called miR‐BamHI‐A rightward transcripts (miR‐BARTs), which are shown to promote the development of cancer. Here, this study reports that EBV‐miR‐BART18‐3p is highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) and is closely associated with the pathological and advanced clinical stages of CRC. Ectopic expression of EBV‐miR‐BART18‐3p leads to increased migration and invasion capacities of CRC cells in vitro and causes tumor metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, EBV‐miR‐BART18‐3p activates the hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha/lactate dehydrogenase A axis by targeting Sirtuin, which promotes lactate accumulation and acetyl‐CoA production in CRC cells under hypoxic condition. Increased acetyl‐CoA utilization subsequently leads to histone acetylation of fatty acid synthase and fatty acid synthase‐dependent fat synthesis, which in turn drives de novo lipogenesis. The oncogenic role of EBV‐miR‐BART18‐3p is confirmed in the patient‐derived tumor xenograft mouse model. Altogether, the findings define a novel mechanism of EBV‐miR‐BART18‐3p in CRC development through the lipogenesis pathway and provide a potential clinical intervention target for CRC.
Simultaneous Recognition and Separation of Organic Isomers Via Cooperative Control of Pore‐Inside and Pore‐Outside Interactions
Authors: Xue Shaomin , Rong Yujia , Ding Ning , Zhao Chaofeng , Sun Qi , Li Shenghua , Pang Siping
Published: October 2022

Despite the desirability of organic isomer recognition and separation, current strategies are expensive and complicated. Here, a simple strategy for simultaneously recognizing and separating organic isomers using pillararene‐based charge‐transfer cocrystals through the cooperative control of pore‐inside and pore‐outside intermolecular interactions is presented. This strategy is illustrated using 1‐bromobutane (1‐BBU), which is often produced as an isomeric mixture with 2‐bromobutane (2‐BBU). According to its structure, perethylated pillar[5]arene (EtP5) and 3,5‐dinitrobenzonitrile (DNB) are strategically chosen as a donor and an acceptor. As a result, their cocrystal exhibited stronger pore‐inside interactions and much weaker pore‐outside interactions with 1‐BBU than with 2‐BBU. Consequently, nearly 100% 1‐BBU selectivity is achieved in two‐component mixtures, even in those containing trace 1‐BBU (1%), whereas free EtP5 only achieved 89.80% selectivity. The preference for linear bromoalkanes is retained in 1‐bromopentane/3‐bromopentane and 1‐bromohexane/2‐bromohexane mixtures, demonstrating the generality of this strategy. Selective adsorption of linear bromoalkanes induced a naked‐eye‐detectable color change from red to white. Moreover, the cocrystal are used over multiple cycles without losing selectivity.
Vibrational Spectroscopy Insight into the Electrode|electrolyte Interface/Interphase in Lithium Batteries
Authors: Weiling Matthias , Pfeiffer Felix , Baghernejad Masoud
Published: October 2022

Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have transformed the use of mobile electronics and storage technologies. Alongside advances in materials, an in‐depth understanding of the interfacial phenomena and interphase formation mechanisms in LIBs is crucial. Interphases are widely recognized as the most important and the least understood components of LIBs and play a direct role in defining cell performance, cyclability, and safety. This article presents a review of recent developments in vibrational spectroscopy techniques of Raman, infrared, and sum‐frequency generation spectroscopies to probe the fundamental aspects of interphases on the anode and cathode of LIBs. First the vibrational spectroscopy techniques and their relevant technical considerations for interphase characterization are briefly introduced. In the next step, the latest studies on the fundamental properties, composition, and structure of interphases employing vibrational spectroscopy techniques are presented. This review focuses on in situ/operando investigations; however, post‐mortem studies are also discussed briefly.
Fast Ion Conduction Nanofiber Matrix Composite Electrolyte for Dendrite‐Free Solid‐State Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Wide Temperature Operation
Authors: Wu Shuanglin , Yu Zhifeng , Nie Xiaolin , Wang Zhihui , Huang Fenglin , Wei Qufu
Published: October 2022

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) based on solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs), although safe for high temperatures, are less capable of transferring ions at ambient temperatures, let alone at low temperatures. This work offers a simple and scalable technique to construct a nanofiber matrix composite electrolyte with boosting Na+ transport and interfacial compatibility for SIBs. Benefitting from the salt dissociation and selective cation conduction synergistic effect of the acylamino, carbonyl, and ester groups in the low‐cost copolymer synthesized from 2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl acetoacetate and N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide, a facilitating of Na+ transport at extreme temperatures is realized. Besides, flexible flame retardance ceramic SiO2 nanofibers greatly enhance high‐temperature safety. The ultrathin functional AlF3 layer generated by binder‐free magnetron sputtering suppresses the dendrites, eliminating the interfacial issues between the electrolyte and anode, which is proved by 5500 h of ultrasteady plating/stripping. Superior ionic conductivity of 0.153 mS cm−1 at −30 °C implies fast Na+ transport, which is further evidenced by molecular dynamics simulations. Rate performance at 0.05–10 C from −30 to 130 °C further demonstrates the excellent electrochemical performance of the electrolyte. This work provides encouraging guidance for high‐safety SSEs with rapid Na+ conduction for SIBs operating at extra‐wide temperatures.
Adaptability and stability of corn hybrids for silage via genotype and genotype × environment interaction biplot
Authors: Crevelari Jocarla Ambrosim , Souza Yure Pequeno de , Santos Juliana Saltires , Ambrósio Moisés , Gonçalves Vivane Mirian Lanhellas , Pereira Messias Gonzaga
Published: October 2022

The occurrence of the genotype × environment (G × E) interaction is one of the main factors that hinder the selection of adapted and stable genotypes. The genotype and G × E interaction (GGE) biplot methodology is an efficient process to detect corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids for silage and, consequently, will help in the recommendation of new and more stable hybrids in different environments in breeding programs. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate and select corn hybrids for silage that simultaneously combine high yield and stability in different environments in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, via GGE biplot. Eleven corn hybrids, eight precommercial topcrosses and three commercial controls, were evaluated at three sites (Campos dos Goytacazes, Cambuci, and Itaocara, Rio de Janeiro) during two seasons: the 2017–2018 season and 2018–2018 off‐season. The experiments were designed in completely randomized blocks with three replications. Individual and joint analyses of variance were performed and, after detecting significant interaction between genotype and environment, the adaptability and phenotypic stability of corn genotypes for silage were analyzed using the GGE biplot methodology. The GGE biplot analysis was efficient in interpreting the data and represented 83.68% of the total variation in the first two principal components. The use of the GGE biplot method allowed the recommendation of more productive, stable, and responsive hybrids for the state of Rio de Janeiro. The hybrid UENF MS2208 is indicated for cultivation in the state of Rio de Janeiro for combining high green biomass yield and stability.
Impacts of trans‐anal tube placement in patients with sigmoid colon cancer: Risk verification analysis using inverse probability weighting analysis
Authors: Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Shiraishi Toshio , Yano Hiroshi , Sato Shuntaro , Fukuda Akiko , Hisanaga Makoto , Hashimoto Shintaro , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a serious postoperative complication that affects short‐ and long‐term outcomes. The use of a trans‐anal drainage tube (TDT) is reported to prevent AL in rectal cancer patients, but its value in sigmoid colon cancer patients is unknown.

Methods

Admitted to the study were 379 patients who underwent surgery for sigmoid colon cancer between 2016 and 2020. Patients were divided into two groups according to the placement (n = 197) or nonplacement of a TDT (n = 182). To determine the factors affecting the association between TDT placement and AL, we estimated average treatment effects by stratifying each factor using the inverse probability of treatment weighting method. The association between prognosis and AL was evaluated in each identified factor.

Results

Factors associated with postsurgical insertion of a TDT were advanced age, male sex, high body mass index (BMI), poor performance status, and presence of comorbidities. TDT placement was associated with a significantly lower AL in male patients (odds ratio [OR], 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.07–0.73; P = .013) and for BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.02–0.65; P = .013). In addition, there was a significant association of AL with poor prognosis in patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (P = .043), age > 75 y (P = .021), and pathological node‐positive disease (P = .015).

Conclusion

Sigmoid colon cancer patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 are the most appropriate candidates for postoperative TDT insertion, in terms of reduced incidence of AL and improved prognosis.
Enhanced compatibility and selectivity in mixed matrix membranes for propylene/propane separation
Authors: He Rongrong , Cong Shenzhen , Peng Donglai , Zhang Yatao , Shan Meixia , Zhu Junyong , Wang Jing , Gascon Jorge
Published: October 2022

Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) based on metal–organic framework (MOF) have great promising application in separation of gas mixtures. However, achieving a good interfacial compatibility between polymer and MOF is not straightforward. In this work, focusing on one of the most challenging olefin/paraffin separations: propylene/propane (C3H6/C3H8), we demonstrate that modification of the MOF filler via dopamine polymerization using a double solvent approach strongly improves interfacial compatibility. The resulting membranes show an outstanding separation performance and long‐term stability with propylene permeability nearly 90 Barrer and propylene/propane selectivity close to 75. We anticipate that similar MOF modification strategies may help solve the problem of interface defects in the manufacture of MMMs and be extended to other porous fillers.
Dynamic densification of wet granular materials in continuous dense flows under gravity
Authors: Wang Chao , Yang Yao , Huang Zhengliang , Sun Jingyuan , Wang Jingdai , Yang Yongrong , Du Bing
Published: October 2022

The continuous granular flow under gravity extensively exists in chemical processes, and the dynamic behaviors of granular flow under different gas–liquid environments are investigated by synchronous slide‐type high‐speed photography. Results show that a hexagonal arrangement is observed after three‐stage densification in wet granular flow, while these structures are almost absent in the dry system. Further analysis shows that under the induction of liquid, the special cavity collapse in stage І is the pre‐condition of granular densification, and the subsequent densification in stage ІІ for the first time gives the experimental proof for the hypothesis that energy barriers exist and depend on the friction characteristics, and the cage effect in stage ІІІ provides a guarantee for the formation of a hexagonal contact network. Besides, three‐stage densification in the three‐phase system mainly occurs in the region with low gas and liquid velocities (G* < 0.716 and L* < 0.023 in this work).
Fixation of Carbon Dioxide with Functionalized Ionic Liquids
Authors: Yang Jiawen , Chen Peibo , Pan Yingming , Liang Ying
Published: October 2022

Functional ionic liquids are formed by introducing functional groups into traditional ionic liquids. They have both good absorption capacity and excellent catalytic activity for carbon dioxide, and therefore are widely used in the chemical conversion of carbon dioxide. This paper focuses on the application of amino‐functionalized ionic liquids, carboxyl‐functionalized ionic liquids, hydroxyl‐functionalized ionic liquids and various other functionalized ionic liquids in carbon dioxide conversion. Their possible role in chemical carbon fixation is discussed by analyzing several typical chemical carbon fixation mechanisms.