bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Room-Temperature Electrical Conductivity Property of TiN/O′-Sialon Multiphase Ceramics
Authors: Jiang Tao , Xue Xiang Xin , Wu Jun Bin , Duan Pei Ning
Published: May 2011

Electroconductive TiN/O′-Sialon multiphase ceramics were prepared by pressureless sintering from TiN/O′-Sialon powders as the chief raw material which were synthesized by the carbothermal reduction nitridation method using high titania slag, silicon fume and bauxite chalmette. Phase compositions and were analyzed. The effect of microstructure and TiO2 content in initial raw materials on electrical conductivity were studied by SEM and TEM. The electro-discharge machining (EDM) of the materials was carried out. The results show that the sintered samples consist of O′-Sialon and TiN. O′-Sialon grains exhibit equiaxied morphology and the particle sizes are about 1-3μm. TiN grains exhibit fine granular morphology and most of grains have lower size than 0.5μm. The minimum amount of TiO2 in initial raw materials is 25wt% for the formation of electroconductive network in the multiphase ceramics, of which the electrical resistivity is 1.8×10-2 Ω·cm and meets the requirement of electrical discharge machining.
New Facile Method for the Hetergeneous Synthesis of Cyanoethyl Cellulose- Solvent Method，and Comparing with Traditional Method
Authors: Wang Hui Qing , Shao Zi Qiang , Lv Shao Yi
Published: May 2011

Cyanoethyl cellulose (CEC) with high degree of substitution and uniform distribution was synthesized by solvent method. The choice of solvent, control of base volume, feeding methods and other factors were optimized , toluene/isopropanol (85/15) is the best solvent . Using FT-IR, elemental analysis, TG, DMA, X-ray and other means, we compared the structure, degree of substitution, the crystallinity, thermal stability, dynamic mechanical properties, dielectric properties and acid and alkali resistance between the CECs by solvent method and traditional method. The CEC products by solvent method showed lower crystallinity due to its more uniform distribution, better thermal stable, similar high dielectric with a lower DS , and higher Tg and better resistance to the acid and/or alkaline than CEC by traditional method.Those findings demonstrated solvent method was a new facile and industrial method to synthesize high substituted and uniform distributed cyanoethyl celluloses with good performances.
Effect of Potential on SCC Initiation for Pipeline Steel in near-Neutral PH Solution
Authors: Wang Zhi Ying , Wang Jian Qiu , Han En-Hou , Ke Wei
Published: May 2011

The effect of applied potential on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation of X-70 pipeline steel in near-neutral pH solution has been investigated by using a slow strain rate testing (SSRT) apparatus and electric potential drop (EPD) method. It was found from the SSRT results that the initiation stress decreased with the decrease in the potential from -790mVSCE to -950mVSCE. But the initiation stress increased when the applied potential was at -1100mVSCE and then decreased at -1200mVSCE. The initiation stress also decreased when the anodic potentials were applied to the samples. SEM observations favored the above SSRT results.
Detection of XinyangMaojian Green Tea Quality and Age by Electronic Nose
Authors: Zhang Hong Mei , Chang Ming Xun , Yu Yong Chang , Tian Hui , He Yu Qing , Chen Xin Chang
Published: May 2011

In this work, the capacity of an electronic nose (E-nose, PEN2) to classify tea quality grades is investigated. Three tea groups with different quality grades were harvested at different times. Principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural network (ANN) were applied to identify the different tea samples. PCA provided perfect classification of tea quality grades. In the analysis of age, six groups of XinyangMaojian green tea were distinguished completely by PCA. The results of ANN analysis gave a high percentage of correct discrimination of green tea samples. The correct identification rates of the training and testing data were 98.6% and 83%, respectively, for three grades of green tea samples harvested in 2009. The correct identification rates of the training and testing data were 100% and 87.8%, respectively, for three grades of green tea samples harvested in 2010. In the analysis of age, the correct discrimination percentages for six groups of XinyangMaojian green tea were 99.4% and 88.9% for training and testing data, respectively. These results indicate that the electronic nose could be successfully used for the detection of teas of different quality grades and ages.
Performance of BaCo0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ Membrane under CO2-Containing Atmosphere for CCS Application
Authors: Shen Pei Jun , Ding Wei Zhong , Wang Hai Hai , Geng Zhen , Liu Xu , Zhou Yu Ding , Huang Shao Qing
Published: May 2011

Mixed ionic-electronic conducting BaCo0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ perovskite is a newly developed promising ceramic membrane material. In this work, the stability and permeability of BaCo0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ regarding the special requirements for CCS application are investigated. CO2 would deteriorate the membrane performance by decreasing gradient of oxygen vacancy across bulk and surface carbonatation.
Development of a New Production Line for Producing Carbon Fibers
Authors: Xu Shu Qiong , Zhu Bo
Published: May 2011

Based on the analysis of carbon fibers production technology,a new carbon fibers production line has been developed.It is made up of pre-oxidization furnaces, carbonization furnaces,and a new computer control system.Practical operation showed that the line has correct design,high temperature control accuracy,stable property and reliable operating characteristics.The line can be used to produce carbon fibers satisfactorily.
Photoluminescence Properties of Eu2+,Mn 2+Co-Doped Ca10Si6O21Cl2 by Sol–Gel Method
Authors: Shi Yong Sheng , Zhao Hui Rong , Wang Bang Qing , Gu Su Hang
Published: May 2011

White light-emitting materials of Eu2+, Mn2+-codoped Ca2SiO3Cl2 were prepared. Luminescence properties and other samples phase were tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fluorescence spectrophotometer (PL). The results showed that the temperature range of 730°C to 760°Cand the ideal holding time is 4h~5h, the emission spectrum of Eu2+-doped sample under excitation at 365nm wavelength was 426nm, 524nm in a weak reductive atmosphere of active carbon, the emission spectrum of Eu2+, Mn2+co-doped samples was 426nm, 524nm, 585nm, the three combined can produce white light.
Studies of the Conversion Coatings Formed by Combined Use of Lanthanum Salt and Benzotriazole on Commercial Brass
Authors: Fan Hong Qiang , Li Shu Ying , Shi Zhi Cong , Zhao Zong Chang
Published: May 2011

Conversion coatings on commercial brass were prepared with lanthanum salt (La(NO3)3) and benzotriazole (BTAH) as reagents. A “Critical La(NO3)3 content” and “Critical BTAH content” were both observed, at which the coatings prepared performs the highest protectiveness.The results showed that La(NO3)3 and BTAH had an excellent synergism effect on the corrosion inhibition of brass. A remarkable enhancement of the brass’s corrosion protection was obtained by the formation of conversion coatings consisted of Cu2O, La2O3, Cu(I)BTA and La-complex, which acted as a barrier avoiding the release of metal ions and inhibited the diffusion of the oxygen.
Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Antibacterial Activity of Nickel Complex with 5-Bromo-2- Hydroxyphenyl Ethyl Ketone Benzoyl Hydrazone
Authors: Zheng Chang Zheng , Wang Liang , Liu Juan
Published: May 2011

The title complex, [(C5H5N)Ni(C15H11N2O2Br)], was synthesized by the reaction of the 5-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl ethyl ketone benzoyl hydrazone, pyridine ligand and nickel chloride in acetone. The crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 29.507(4) Ǻ, b = 7.7738(11) Ǻ, c = 20.205(3) Ǻ, β = 126.614(2)º, Z = 8, V = 3720.1(9) Ǻ3. Its crystal structure was determined and refined to a final R= 0.0304 for 8902 independent reflections. The center nickel atom is four-coordinated. The antibacterial activity of the ligand and its complex was also studied.The antibacterial experiments indicate that they have antibacterial activity to P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, E.coli and the complex has higher activity than the ligand.
Synthesis of Plated-Like Template Bi4Ti3O12 Particles and Properties
Authors: Zhang Chang Song , Guo Chen Jie
Published: May 2011

In this paper, Plated-like Bi4Ti3O12 particles with anisotropic properties were prepared by the NaCl-KCl molten salt method. The effect on microstructure and patterns of Bi4Ti3O12 particles was investigated by adjusting salt quantities, calcined temperature and excessive Bi2O3 content. The results show that the size of Bi4Ti3O12 particle and the degree of anisotropy of pure perovskite structure of Bi4Ti3O12 particles prepared at 750°C simultaneously increased with the quantities of molten salt and the temperature of the calciner. Excessive Bi2O3 content also shows a positive effect to obtain the anisotropic Bi4Ti3O12 particles whose preparation process was optimized.
The Application of CM Anti-Corrosion Composite Material in Repair Technology of the Corroded Concrete Buildings
Authors: Xu Cun Dong , Wang Yan , Hou Hui Min , Zhai Lu Xin
Published: May 2011

Based on the mechanism research of buildings corroded by the high salinity groundwater, this paper suggested that the corrosion problem can be solved by improving the anti-corrosion capability of the buildings in itself and reducing erosive medium. This paper put forward a repair technology which use the CM anti-Corrosion Composite Material to improving the anti-corrosion capability of the buildings in itself .The engineering practices demonstrated that this technology is worthy popularization for anti-corrosion of concrete buildings in irrigation areas.
A Theoretical Analysis of the Fracture Behavior of a Multi-Layered Thin Film Structure under Residual Tensile Stress
Authors: Yang Ban Quan , Li Fa Xin
Published: May 2011

In this work, the fracture behavior of a multi-layered thin film structure under residual tensile stress is investigated theoretically. Using composite material theory and a modified shear-lag model, the analytical solutions for the distribution laws of the tensile stress developed in the first-layer thin film and the shear stress developed along the interface can be obtained. In addition, the crack density of the first-layer thin film can be derived from the residual stress and the mechanical and geometric parameters of the cracked system. This result also yields a measurement of the residual stress from the crack density and the mechanical and geometric parameters of the system. Finally, a numerical example is presented to show how the crack density varies versus the residual stress.
Effect of Technics Parameter on Synthesis of Paraffin-Polystyrene Microsphere
Authors: Tang Qing Jie , Wu Wen Rong
Published: May 2011

The paraffin-polystyrene microsphere was synthesized by the suspension polymerization technology, the effect of the technics parameter on the diameter distribution of paraffin-polystyrene microsphere was studied such as the velocity of agitation, the heating rate and the reaction time. The results showed that the optimum velocity of agitation is 300rpm, the diameter of microsphere become littler and the distribution of diameter become uniformity with the heating rate become slower, the optimum reaction time is 3.5～4h.
A Research on the Influence of Sr/Al Ratio on Microstructure of Mg-Al-Sr Alloy
Authors: Fan Jin Ping , Wang She Bin , Guo Duan Yang , Xu Bing She
Published: May 2011

Four kinds of Mg-Al-Sr alloys of Sr/Al mass ratio between 0.0～1.0 were made in the vacuum resistor furnace. The effect and effect mechanical of the ratio on phase and microstructure were studied by OM, XRD, SEM and EDS and DTA. Results showed that metallographic images of alloys changed and the microstructures were refined with different Sr/Al ratio. By analysis that can be known that precipitation phases include mainly Al4Sr and Al4Sr which varied from the Sr/Al ratio.
Properties of Self-Expanding Nitinol Stents Treated by Addition of 600°C Heat Setting Process
Authors: Wang Zheng Pin , Ma Jian Lu , Yao Yu Hong , Liu Jiang Nan , Gao Wei , Jin Yao Hua
Published: May 2011

For its two unique properties of superelasticity and shape memory, nitinol is widely used in medical applications. Traditionally, most nitinol stents are normally heat set at 485°C, which induces the formation of the Ni-rich second phases such as Ti2Ni3 and Ti3Ni4, increases the austenite finish temperature and reduces material strength and fatigue performance. The addition of 600°C heat setting was applied to the nitinol stents after 485°C heat setting process and its effect on the mechanical, dimensional and functional properties of the nitinol stents were investigated. The experimental results showed that the nitinol stent tubes with the addition of 600°C heat setting process had higher elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength, elongation percentage, inner dimension and outer dimension than those of the nitinol stents with 485°C heat setting process. Moreover, after the addition of 600°C expansion step, the nitinol stents almost had the same average deployment force and deployment accuracy as those of the nitinol stents with 485°C heat setting process and higher average inner dimension (ID) and outer dimension than that of those without the 600°C expansion step. Either treated with the addition of 600°C heat setting process or only 485°C heat setting process, the average austenite finish temperature (Af ) of the nitinol stents was both lower than the body temperature and the average Af of the fomer was 8°C lower than that of the latter.
Wastewater Minimization of Batch Processes with Single Contaminant
Authors: Cheng Hua Nong , Wang Bing Qiang , Liu Qing Shan , Zheng Shi Qing
Published: May 2011

This paper presents a novel method based on mixed integer linear programming (MILP) that addresses the optimization of water network in batch chemical processes with single contaminant to minimize wastewater discharge. In this method, a batch cycle is divided into several time intervals and a unit would be divided into several sub-units, if necessary. It ensures that each unit/sub-unit operates in only one time interval. Each unit/sub-unit is attached with a buffer tank to relax the time constraint. The sequence of units is pre-determined in ascending order of their outlet concentration, so that units and their buffer tanks only provide water to afterward units. A superstructure of units, buffer tanks, and water-using connections is developed. The corresponding mathematical model is a MILP problem that guarantees the global optimum and obtains a solution quickly. Heuristic rules are used to analyze and omit the redundant buffer tanks. The proposed method is applied to a case study in this paper. The results show that the method is effective.
Reach of Antibacterial Properties of Compound Coatings by Micro-Arc Oxidation and Electroless Silver Plating
Authors: Li Zhi , Xu Jin Yong , Liu Ya Juan , Chen Jing , Gao Cheng
Published: May 2011

Antibacterial properties of compound coatings by Micro-arc oxidation and electroless silver plating were reached. Effects of main salt, reducing agent, complexing agent and solution pH on plating rate and solution stability were discussed. The surface morphology and antibacterial properties of compound coatings were analyzed. Bonding strength between compound coatings was tested by tensile peeling method. The results show that compound coatings have good antibacterial effects, the average bonding strength of compound coatings is higher than 22.6 MPa, and compound coatings are firmly bonded.
Oxygen Delignification of Bamboo Kraft Pulp with High Kappa Number
Authors: Gao Hui , Zhan Huai Yu
Published: May 2011

Bamboo kraft pulp with Kappa number of 25.6 was sampled, and oxygen delignification was applied to bleach these bamboo pulp samples. By investigating yield, Kappa number, viscosity, brightness of pulp, and delignification selectivity, it has been proven that caustic soda dosage and reaction temperature were major factors for oxygen delignification. The optimal conditions for oxygen delignification were proposed as follows: alkali dosage of 3.5% on o.d. pulp-mass, reaction temperature of 85°C, oxygen pressure of 0.6 MPa, and temperature retention time of 80 min. Two stages of oxygen delignification were used and no washing between the two was required. It was found that delignification efficiency and selectivity to lignin-removal were improved significantly. In addition, adding hydroquinone compounds during oxygen delignification can improve the qualities greatly such as higher viscosity and better selectivity of delignification.
Mathematic Model of Recrystallization of Cu-20Ni-5Sn Alloy
Authors: Liu Rui Qing , Peng Lijun , Yang Jian Sheng
Published: May 2011

Research the kinetic mechanism of grain growth of recrystallization of Cu-20Ni-5Sn alloy. The research result shows that the recrystallization temperature declines with the increase of cold-deformation. The recrystallization temperature is at about 500°C ~650°C respectively for 50% and 60% total cold deformation, and is about 470°C ~620°C respectively for 70% and 85% total deformation. The grains grow up with the increase of annealing temperature and holding time. The mathematic model of average grain size can be described as that Cu-20Ni-5Sn alloy annealed at 620°C ~680°C holding 2~10hours.
Effect of Three Kinds of Biocide on the Anti-Corrosion Performance of TP304 Stainless Steel in Cooling Water
Authors: Ge Hong Hua , Tao Jie Ting , Xu Xue Min , Wei Cheng Jun , Meng Xin Jing
Published: May 2011

The influence of three kinds of biocide, sodium hypochlorite, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide and isothiazolinone on the anti-corrosion performance of TP304 stainless steel in cooling water was studied by anodic passivation curves in this paper. The results showed that the sodium hypochlorite with the concentration above 10mg/L or the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide with the concentration above 100mg/L may increase the pitting corrosion sensibility of the stainless steel in the cooling water, and the erosiveness of the cooling water to the stainless steel will increase as time goes by. Isothiazolinone with different concentrations did not influence the polarization curves of stainless steel, which indicated that isothiazolinone is a kind of safe biocide for stainless steel condensers.
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Surfaces on Aluminum Alloy by Simple Chemical Etching Method
Authors: Luo Yong Feng , Lang Hai Yan , Liang Jin , Peng Guo Sheng , Fan You Hua , Zhang Ming Long , Yuan Zhi Qing , Chen Hong
Published: May 2011

A facial chemical etching method was developed for fabricating stable super-hydrophobic surfaces on aluminum alloy foils. The microstructure and wettability of super-hydrophobic surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle (CA) measurement, and optical methods. The surfaces of the modified aluminum alloy substrates exhibit superhydrophobicity, with a CA of 164.8°±1.6° and a water sliding angle of about 5°. The etched surfaces have binary structure consisting of the irregular microscale plateaus and caves in which there are the nanoscale block-like convexes and hollows.
Influences of Rapid Quenching on the Structures and Electrochemical Performances of La0.7Mg 0.3Co0.45Ni 2.55-xFex (x = 0-0.4) Electrode Alloys
Authors: Zhang Yang Huan , Hou Zhong Hui , Ren Hui Ping , Liu Xiao Gang , Chen Le Le , Zhao Dong Liang
Published: May 2011

The influences of rapid quenching on the structures and electrochemical behaviors of La-Mg-Ni system (PuNi3-type) La0.7Mg0.3Co0.45Ni2.55-xFex (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) electrode alloys were systemically investigated. The results show that the rapid quenching, instead of changing the phase structures of the alloys, leads to c axis enlarged and the a axis and cell volumes of the LaNi5 and (La, Mg)Ni3 major phases decreased slightly. The morphologies of the as-quenched alloys exhibit a massive structure, which differ from that of the as-quenched AB5-type alloy. The rapid quenching clearly impairs some electrochemical performances of the alloys, involving discharge capacity, high rate discharge ability (HRD) and discharge potential, but it significantly prolongs the cycle life of the alloy. With an increase in the quenching rate from 0 (As-cast was defined as quenching rate of 0 m/s) to 30 m/s, the discharge capacity of the alloy (x = 0.4) decreases from 351.06 to 313.36 mAh/s, the HRD from 69.36 to 50.54%, whereas its cycle life increases from 106 to 166 cycles at a charging discharging current density of 600 mA/g.
Kinetics of Microwave-Assisted Reduction of Manganese Oxide
Authors: Wang Hai Chuan , Liao Zhi You , Dong Yuan Chi , Wang Shi Jun , Zhou Yun
Published: May 2011

The reduction rates of manganese oxide by carbon and SiC was examined by heating MnO2-carbon and MnO2-SiC mixtures in a 7-kW industrial microwave oven. The results show that the rate of the reduction increased with the amount of carbon in MnO2-carbon mixture and with SiC in MnO2-SiC mixture. The rate of the MnO2 reduction by carbon was proportional to the reaction time, and that by SiC was proportional to 2/3 power of the reaction time. The reduction was found to be controlled by chemical reaction. The reaction rate constant of the reduction of MnO2kC increased with increasing the amount of carbon in the mixtures but kSiC decreased with increasing the amount of SiC in the mixtures.
Synthesis of Macroporous Polystyrene Validamycin a Amphiphilic Adsorbent Resin and its Adsorption Properties for Pueraia Isoflavones
Authors: Zhong Shi Hua , Qi Feng Pei , Liu Bing Yu
Published: May 2011

A novel amphiphlic adsorbent resin of macroporous polystyrene Validamycin A was synthesized via the amination of chloromethylated macroporous crosslinked polystyrene resin using Validamycin A. Its chemical structure was characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectra and elemental analysis. Its pore structure was determined by nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements. Test results of swelling ratio in various solvents revealed that the aminated resin was amphiphilic. The resin showed excellent adsorption performance for the amphiphilic organic compounds of pueraia isoflavones in aqueous solution.
A Facile Approach to α-FeOOH Nanorods with High Aspect Ratios
Authors: Zhang Hui
Published: May 2011

α-FeOOH nanorods were fabricated via a one-step hydrothermal approach using iron nitrate hydrate (Fe(NO3)3·9H2O) as iron source, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a template and acetic acid (CH3COOH) solution as solvent. XRD, SEM, TEM, and TGA were applied to characterize the samples. The as-prepared α-FeOOH nanorods are around 50 nm in diameters and 1 µm in length. The aspect ratio is 20. The XRD and TEM results indicated that both CTAB and CH3COOH were crucial for the formation of α-FeOOH nanorods. The heat treatment at the temperature of 250°C led to the transformation of α-FeOOH to α-Fe2O3, and the crystal phase transformation was completed at 340°C. The lower transformation temperature compared to bulk α-FeOOH could be attributed to the decreased size of the as-prepared sample.
Influencing Factors of Phytic Acid Conversion Coating on AZ91 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Lu Yan Ling , Chen Yan Kun , Du Shi Guo , Guo Yi , Hong Qing
Published: May 2011

AZ91 magnesium alloy is selected as the matrix metal. SEM, EDS, Tafel and EIS were adopted and spot test was carried out to investigate the influence of pH value, phytic acid concentration, temperature,conversion time on corrosion resistance of conversion coatings. Result shows that process of phytic acid forming is the controlled metal corrosion process and the uneven surface pattern reflects the different chemical properties of two-phase current on magnesium alloy surface, which is implied by the conversion surface. It is proved by the test that pH value is committed the most to the corrosion resistance of the conversion coating, and the next is the phytic acid concentration. It is found that the corrosion resistance of the conversion coating is the best when pH value of the conversion solution is 4.5; The conversion coating has little influence on the cathode reaction dynamics, however, more importantly, it changes the dynamics of the alloy electrode anode solution reaction, therefore, the alloy’s anode current density decreases while the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy is enhanced.
Influence of Electrode Argon-Hydrogen Co-Injection on Carbon Content in a Alternating Current Ladle Furnace
Authors: Zhan Dong Ping , Zhang Hui Shu , Jiang Zhou Hua , Gong Wei , Chen Zhao Ping
Published: May 2011

About 80 kg low carbon steel was refined in a multifunction ladle furnace (AC-LF) with alternating current supplying. The argon-hydrogen gas mixtures were injected into the electric arc zone through one hollow graphite electrode. The flow rate of the gas mixtures was 3 m3/h. Results of the tests and the calculation based on the plasma local equilibrium thermodynamics and metallurgical thermodynamics theories show that, when the argon-hydrogen gas mixtures are injected into the electric arc zone, the carburetion rate is 4.7×10-6 per minute for the steel heated by conventional AC-LF, which is 1.26 and 1.51 times of the heats blown 90%Ar-10%H2 and 80%Ar-20%H2, respectively. The carburetion rate is reduced by 20% at least when argon-hydrogen gas mixtures are blown into the furnace. When H2 content in the gas mixtures reached 20% from 0, the decarburization rate increased but the total reaction rate decreases by 1.59×10-6 per minute.
Effects of Solution and Ageing Treatment Process on the Microstructure and Properties of AZ80 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Deng Peng Hui , Li Tie Cheng , Cai Gang Yi
Published: May 2011

In this study, the comprehensive performance of AZ80 magnesium alloy was improved by solution treatment and multi-step ageing treatment. The effects of different thermal processing parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ80 magnesium alloy were studied. The experimental results show that the optimal process of solution treatment for AZ80 alloy is heated at 420°C for 5h, which the β phase dissolve thoroughly into the α substrate. After first-stage ageing treatment, the hardness of samples varied as the ageing temperature, and had higher hardeness at temprature 180°C. While in the second-stage ageing treatment, the sample got the ageing peak value at 210°C for 10h. After two-stage treatment, the grains of AZ80 magnesium alloy became homogeneous and fine, and the second phase distributes along the grain boundary and plays an important role of dispersion strengthening. Above all, the optimal heat treatment process of AZ80 magnesium is solution treated at 420°C for 5h, as well as ageing at 180°C, 4h and 210°C, 10h.
Flow Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of a 7039 Aluminum Alloy during Hot Deformation
Authors: Li Hui Zhong , Liang Xiao Peng , Song Min , Zeng Min
Published: May 2011

The flow behavior of a 7039 aluminum alloy and the corresponding microstructural evolution during hot deformation were studied by Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation tests, EBSD and TEM observations with temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 500 °C under strain rates from 0.01 s-1 to 10 s-1. It has been shown that the flow stress increases with the decrease in the deformation temperature and increase in the strain rate. The degree of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) increases with the increase in the deformation temperature and strain rate in 7039 aluminum alloy. The complete dynamic recrystallization occurs at 500 °C with a strain rate of 10 s-1.
Research and Progress on CA Mortar Emulsifying Asphalt of Ballast-Less Slab Track
Authors: Qi Ming Chao , Li Xiao Xuan , Jia Zhong Qi
Published: May 2011

Ballast-less slab track is the primary structure form of the modern high-speed railway, and cements phalt mortar is the most important component of flexible adjusting layer of slab track structure. This article introduces simply development and application of ballast-less track，then detailed explain the production and research of cements phalt mortar special asphalt lotion .
Study on Technology of Manufacturing Veneer—Rice Straw Composite Board
Authors: Jiang Ya Zhe , Zhang Shi Cheng , Zhen Xing
Published: May 2011

The main factors affecting the properties of veneer—rice straw composite board have been investigated, including the quality fraction ratio of SBR to PVA, spreading and the amount of PMDI. The results showed that: the ratio of SBR/PVA：80:20, spreading 15%, the amount of PMDI 20%( accounting for the weight of main agent). Using this adhesive the veneer—rice straw composite board could meet the requirement of GB/T 21723-2008.
Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Diarylethene Having Two Fluorines
Authors: Liu Gang , Liu Ming , Pu Shou Zhi
Published: May 2011

An unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene, 1-[2-methyl-5-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-thienyl]-2-(2-cyano-1,5-dimethyl-4-pyrryl)perfluorocyclopentene (1o), was synthesized, and its optoelectronic properties were also investigated. The results showed that this compound exhibited reversible photochromism changing from colorless to blue after irradiation with UV light both in solution and in PMMA amorphous film. The open-ring isomer of the diarylethene 1 exhibited relatively strong fluorescence both in hexane solution and in PMMA amorphous film. The fluorescence intensity decreased along with the photochromism upon irradiation with 297 nm light and its closed-ring isomer showed almost no fluorescence.
Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of a New Photochromic Diarylethene Bearing a Cyano Group
Authors: Tong Zhi Peng , Pu Shou Zhi , Cui Shi Qiang , Liu Wei Jun
Published: May 2011

A newunsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene 1-(2-cyanophenyl)-2-[2-methy-5-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene (1a) has been synthesized. Its photochromic properties in solution and PMMA film were investigated. Diarylethene 1a changed the color from colorless to purple upon irradiation with 297 nm UV light, in which absorption maxima were observed at 540 nm in hexane and at 545 nm in PMMA film, respectively. This new photochromic system also exhibited remarkable fluorescence switching in the solid state. The results demonstrated that it can be potentially used as polarization holographic optical recording medium.
Synthesis of a Core-Shell Acrylate Elastomer with UV Stabilization and its Application in Polyoxymethylene
Authors: Yang Fan , Wu Gui Bo , Zhang Shi Ling , Ren Xian Cheng
Published: May 2011

In this study, a core-shell structure acrylate elastomer with UV stabilization core–shell poly[methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-2-hydroxy-4-(3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxylproroxy) benzophenone] [poly(MMA-BA-BPMA)] was synthesized by methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA) and a polymerizable UV-stabilizer 2-hydroxy-4-(3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxylproroxy) benzophenone (BPMA) via semicontinuous seeding emulsion polymerization. The composition and characteristics of core-shell Poly (MMA-BA-BPMA) were determined by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Further, the obtained core-shell poly (MMA-BA-BPMA) was blended with polyoxymethylene (POM) to modify its photostabilization. The mechanical properties of POM composite were tested before and after UV-irradiation. The result showed that core-shell poly (MMA-BA-BPMA) can be dispersed well in the POM matrix, which could play a role of improving compatibility with POM and the mechanical properties of modified POM were kept well, which leaded higher impact strength and elongation at break after UV-irradiation.
Deformation Behavior of Spirogyrate Ring for Cold Ring Rolling
Authors: Xu Wu Jiao , Gong Xiao Tao , Yang Xiao Bing , Zhou Jie
Published: May 2011

Based on the platform ABAQUS, a 3-D FEM model of spirogyrate ring rolling process has been developed to investigate the ring’s deformation behavior and the expansion law of the diameter. According to the FEM analysis, this kind of profile ring rolling process can be divided into two phases, i.e. the profile forming phase and the diameter increasing phase. During the former phase, the deformation of spirogyrate ring focuses on the profile formation and the diameter increases slowly. In the latter phase, the ring diameter expands rapidly. FEA illustrates that the material flowing to the outer diameter areas is greater than that towards the inner diameter areas in the profile forming phase. The maximum PEEQ is in the pit of the outer profile, whereas the minimum PEEQ locates near the end face. The variation of outer and inner diameter of the spirogyrate ring shows monotonic increasing trend during the whole ring rolling process, in which the expanding rate of inner areas is greater than that of the outer areas.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photoluminescence of 1,1’-Thiene-2,5-Diyldibutane-1,3-Diketone
Authors: Xia Guang Ming , Ji Mu Wei , Lu Ping , Liu Jing , Wang Min , Liu Feng Jing
Published: May 2011

A new compound, 1,1-thiene-2,5-diyldibutane-1,3-ditone, having a large conjugation structure, has been synthesized by the Claisen reaction. And the compound was characterized with IR and 1H-NMR; its structure of enol form was confirmed by the calculation of ChemBioOffice 2008. Its fluorescence in solid state and in solution was measured to confirm the role of hydrogen bond in the structure.
Effects of Conditioners on Dewatering Properties of Sludge and its Microstructure Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Ling , Chen Yuan , Xia Chang Bin , Gao Fan , Zhu Ying , Dai Chen Lin , Liu Jun
Published: May 2011

In order to study the sludge microstructure and dewatering performance, the sludge was treated using different conditioners, the same conditioner in a different dosage, the same formula in a different proportion and different order of adding conditioners. The microstructure of dehydrated sludge was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The relationship between the sludge dewatering properties and microstructure characteristics was discussed. It was proven that the different dehydration performance correspond to the different morphology. The better dewatering performance shows more pore at the surface of sludge cake.Contractly, the sludge cake with poor dewatering perform a dense surface, even membranous. Therefore, there is a certain of relationship between the microstructure of sludge cake and its dehydration performance.
Nitrite Sensors Based on Gold Particles and Polyaniline Modified Electrodes
Authors: Hao Yu Cui , Liu Yan Juan , Hao Bin
Published: May 2011

A nitrite sensor based on a gold particles/polyaniline modiﬁed glassy carbon electrode (Au/PAni/GCE) was devoped by electrochemical method. The electrocatalytic oxidation of nitrite at Au/PAni/GCE was studied by cyclic voltammetry. The experimental parameters were optimized, and a voltammetric method for determining nitrite was developed. In phosphate buffered solution(PBS) of pH 3.0, the oxidation peak current of nitrite is proportional to the concentration of nitrite over the range of 4.0×10-7～5.0×10-3mol/L with the detection limit of 2.0×10-7mol/L (r=0.9992). The presented methods of determing nitrite exhibited high sensitivity and good reproducibility.
An Improved Strontium-Based Aerosol Fire Extinguishing Agent with Potassium Additives
Authors: Ma Jian , Liu Xiang Rong , Jin Heng Ji , Deng Jun , Wu Yong Ping
Published: May 2011

An improved strontium-based aerosol fire extinguishing agent with potassium additives was fabricated, which was followed ‘oxygen balanced’. A series of extinguishing tests showed that the fire extinguishing efficiency of the agent was improved relative to a commercial sample. The results of secondary damage tests indicated that the alkalescence of solution which absorbed solid particles generated by the agent rose a little. The corrosion resistant of copper in the aerosol was better while the iron was available with corrosion to some extent.
The Effect of DCF on Codeposition of Al and Si by Pack Cementation
Authors: Hu Jing , Pan Xian Bo , Xie Fei , Gao Song , Pan Tai Jun
Published: May 2011

An energy-saving and high-efficient powder Al and Si codeposition process was employed on 1045 steel, the new technology was mainly based on applying direct current field (DCF) with proper parameters between the treated samples and the powder. The microstructure, thickness and the phase constituents of the coating were analyzed by OM and XRD. The high temperature oxidation resistance for a total duration of 120h and the corrosion resistance in 10% H2SO4 for 8h were investigated. The results showed that DCF could lower heating temperature and accelerate the diffusion rate. The phase of the coatings with DCF was composed of Al0.7Fe3Si0.3 and AlFe3. The treated samples had good high temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance in 10% H2SO4 solution.
The Electrochemical Biosensor Based on the Immobilization of Horseradish Peroxidase on TiO2 Nanoneedles Modified Electrodes
Authors: Wei Nan Nan , Du Jiang Yan
Published: May 2011

A new electrochemical biosensor based on the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase(HRP) on TiO2 nanoneedles modified electrodes has been fabricated. The direct electrochemical response of HRP immobilized on the modified electrode was dramatically enhanced. The immobilized HRP displayed a couple of stable and well-defined redox peaks with a formal potential of -0.379 V (vs. SCE). The HRP/TiO2 nanoneedles modified electrode exhibited a remarkable electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of H2O2. The amperometric response to H2O2 showed a linear range of 4–700μmol/L, with the calculated detection limit of 0.78 μmol/L at a signal-to-noise ratio of three. The modified electrode displayed an acceptable reproducibility and good stability. The new HRP/TiO2 nanoneedles matrix is expected to have wide applications for enzymes and proteins immobilization and direct electron transfer study and opened a way for low conductivity electrode biosensors.
Effects of Polymer-Filler Properties on the Warpage of Injection Molded Automobile Door
Authors: Liao Qiu Hui , Zhang Xiao Xun , Ruan Qin Chao
Published: May 2011

The accurate prediction of warpage of injection molded parts is important to achieve successful mold design with high precision. In this study, effects of polymer-filler properties, such as filler aspect ratio (L/D), filler modulus parallel to major axis (E1) and filler modulus perpendicular to major axis (E2), on warpage displacement of automobile door were studied quantitatively by experimental investigation and numerical simulation. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements. It is also found that: (1) the thermal displacement decreases as E1 and E2 decrease, (2) the PVT displacement is not influenced by change of L/D, E1 and E2, (3) the orientation effect displacement is neglected small when L/D=1 and E1= E2, and it also increases as L/D and E1/E2 increase.
Unitary Micro-Patterning Structure-Induced Hydrophobic Silicon Surface
Authors: Liu Si Si , Zhang Chao Hui , Zhang Han Bing
Published: May 2011

The relationship between the wettability and the roughness structure on silicon surface is studied. The unitary microscale square pillar arrays are fabricated by the way of inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The wettability of water droplets on the silicon surface is changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic only by introducing microscale pillarlike structure. Furthermore, the scale effects of the unitary rough structure on hydrophobicity are investigated. For those silicon surfaces with a fixed pillar height, the relatively larger scale of grooves leads the droplets wettability state to unstable Cassie state and the contact angle will initially get larger and then decrease with the increase of groove width. The research could provide further insights into the design of functional surface with controllable roughness-induced hydrophobic.
Effect of Electrode Tip Shape on Strength and Microstructure in Resistance Spot Welding of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Liu Hui , Wang Ming Gang , Zhang Xiao Qing , Dong Wei
Published: May 2011

The effect of electrode tip shape on strength and microstructure of weld spot in resistance spot welding of AZ31B Mg alloy was studied by experimental investigations. The results show that electrode tip shape which leads to the difference of contact area,current density and temperature at the sheet/ sheet interface have dominant effect on tensile shear strength and microstructure of weld spot. It was found that weld spot had lower strength and smaller deformation by the spherical-flat electrodes compared to the double truncated cone electrodes, and better property of weld joints can be obtained by truncated cone electrodes. At the same time defects, fracture feature and formation causes were analyzed in order to improve the quality of magnesium alloy spot welding joints.
Impact of Different Additives on Performances of Unfired Magnesia-Calcia Brick for AOD Furnace
Authors: Chen Shu Jiang , Li Guo Hua , Tian Lin , Sun Qi Ming
Published: May 2011

This paper studied the impact of different additives and their amount on the performances of unfired magnesia-calcia brick by detecting cold crushing strength, volume concentration, after-firing linear change, slag resistance and microstructure. The results showed that samples with Zirconia or Zircon had relatively high cold crushing strength. The sample with 4% TiO2 had the maximum volume concentration after firing. With the increase in the amount of additives, contraction occurred to all the samples, in which samples with Zircon had the smallest linear change and the most stable volume. Samples with 4% ZrO2 and Zircon had better slag resistance.
Study on Corrosion Behavior of Alloy 600 in NaCl Solution
Authors: Li Yu Chun , Zhang Fang , Jiang Ya , Pang Fei Fei , Deng Fen Fang , Gao Fan
Published: May 2011

Alloy 600 was studied in NaCl solution for its pitting corrosion behavior in this paper. According to Tafel polarization, impedance analysis, specimen morphological analysis and metal dissolving analysis by AAS, there must be selective de-alloy corrosion happened in localized concentrated environment; corrosion velocity reaches maximum when Cl- concentration was 100mmol/L.
Chiral Separation of Amino Acid Derivatives by Molecular Imprinting Technique
Authors: Su Li Qiang , Wang Ying , Chu Hong Tao
Published: May 2011

Molecularly imprinted polymers, based on the surface-modified silica gel, were prepared with silylanized silica gel as a carrier, acrylamide as functional monomer, ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) as crosslinker and Boc-L-phenylalanine as the template molecule. The results of HPLC shows that the imprinted polymers have good specific recognition of Boc-L-phenylalanine. The baseline separation of Boc-phenylalanine enantiomer was achieved in 20 min, the resolution was 1.84 and the maximum adsorption capacity was 6788 mg g-1.
Pole Figure Analysis for Fe-3% Si Silicon Steel
Authors: Ma Xue Gang , Chen Ying , Liu Ce , Li Yuan Liang , Shen Yi
Published: May 2011

The principle and method of analysis of the crystallographic planes standard equator plane projection are described in this article. Under different technological using similar Fe-3% Si silicon steel samples, conventional grain oriented silicon steel, 1150°C conventional hot-rolled grain oriented silicon steel and non-oriented silicon steel are obtained, respectively. Their pole figures of {200} planes for the samples are also obtained with XRD. The results state that the conventional Fe-3% Si grain oriented silicon steel has good Gauss texture, and 1150°C conventional hot-rolled grain oriented silicon steel has weak Gauss texture, meanwhile, non-oriented silicon steel has no Gauss texture, which prove the process has great the effect on the texture.
Preparation and Electrochemical Characteristics of Nitrogen-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Using Surfactants as Carbon Source
Authors: Yi Guan Gui , Liu Ying Liang , Xiao Yong , He Wen Qi , Zhao Shuai
Published: May 2011

Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbons (NMC) were prepared through a facile procedure using surfactants (polyvinylpyrrolidone) as a nitrogen-containing carbon source. The NMC samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen sorption at 77 K. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge experiments were adopted to investigate their electrochemical behaviors. The NMC-5 sample contain abundant mesopores shows the large specific capacitance up to 276 F g−1 at the current of density of 0.1 A g-1. We suggest that the nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon has potential application as electrochemical capacitor electrode materials.
Impact Damage Monitoring of Laminated Composites using FBG Sensors
Authors: Sun Jiu Xiao , Ji Yun Dong , Wang Ji Hui , Yin Yan Zi , Tian Heng
Published: May 2011

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors were applied for the monitoring of impact damage of composites. The FBG sensors were embedded into glass fiber reinforced vinyl resins (GFRP) laminates. Sectional appearance of the optical fiber embedded in composites was got by optical microscope. The composites were impacted by a drop-weight impact tester. The impact energies were 0.1J, 0.2J and 3J. The whole process was monitored by two different demodulators.
UV-Vis/Ferrioxalate/H2O2 System on Degradation of Anthraquinone Dye Wastewater
Authors: Ding Wei , Ke Ming , Song Zhao Zheng
Published: May 2011

Anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue (KN-R) is first selected as the model dye to test the treatment of UV-vis/Ferrioxalate/H2O2 system. The effect of parameters Fe2+/H2O2, pH and H2C2O4 are synthetically assessed. The optimum concentration is obtained at 1:15 of Fe2+/H2O2 and 30mg·L-1 of H2C2O4 at pH=3.0 in 30min. Under the optimum condition, the removal rate of color, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) are more than 99%, 87.7% and 66.8% respectively. The results show that the reaction accorded with a pseudo-first-order and the degeneration velocity of KN-R is 0.2459[dye](mg·L-1/min).
Synthesis of Aromatic Polyesters with Pendent Carboxyl Groups from Diphenolic Acid, Bisphenol a and Isophthaloyl Chloride by Interfacial Polycondensation
Authors: Zhang Ping , Wu Lin Bo , Li Bo Geng
Published: May 2011

Aromatic polyesters bearing pendent carboxyl functionalities were prepared by interfacial polycondensation of diphenolic acid, bisphenol A and isophthaloyl chloride with tetrabutylammonium chloride as phase transfer catalyst. The copolyester composition was confirmed with HPLC analysis. The polymerization process and composition of the copolyesters were examined by considering influences of reaction temperatures, time, ratio of feeds, agitation speeds.
Preparation of NaA/PTFE Composite Membrane for Separation of DMF/H2O Mixture by Pervaporation
Authors: Shao Hui , Zhang Huan Ru , Zhang Qi , Han Guang Lu , Chen Ruo Yu , Zhong Jing
Published: May 2011

The NaA/PTFE composite membranes were synthesized on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film by hydrothermal secondary growth (HSG) method and scratching (ST) method. The structure and morphology were characterized by XRD and SEM. The pervaporation(PV) performance of NaA/PTFE composite membranes were evaluated with dimethylformamide (DMF)/water mixtures. The XRD results showed that NaA/PTFE composite membranes kept the zeolite crystal feature of A type. The substrate, PTFE and zeolite were firmly combined together by the SEM photos. The results of PV showed that the flux and the separation factor of NaA/PTFE composite membrane prepared by HSG method with 4 crystallization times were 0.54 kg/m2 h and 23, respectively. The flux of NaA/PTFE composite membrane prepared by ST method was much larger than that of NaA/PTFE composite membrane prepared by HSG method, but separation factor was lower.