bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumption:the elephant in the room
Authors:   , Pocas Ribeiro Ana Sofia
Published: February 2023

The consumption of goods and services is an understudied key contributor to the climate and environmental crises. In this dissertation we investigated how to change and reduce consumption for sustainability, from a broad multi-disciplinary perspective.
First, based on a ten-discipline review of what influences consumption, we present a framework emphasizing that consumption, much more than driven by “consumers”, is a complex phenomenon that arises from the (inter)actions of multiple agents and contexts. Governments, businesses, marketers, producers, and media are some of these actors. They influence and are influenced by social, cultural, geographic, infrastructural, technological, political, institutional, economic, and historical contexts. Historical research indicates that the shift to a consumer society was a deliberate process set with the intention of stimulating the growth-economy.
As a next step we investigated what it takes to reduce consumption. We concluded that it requires abstaining from consumption, but also consuming differently (e.g., second-hand, good-quality, non-disposable), engaging in low-consumption practices (e.g., sharing, repairing, self-provisioning) and contexts that enable low-consumption living.
The remaining chapters of the dissertation focused on how to change food systems for sustainability, by investigating in detail actors and contexts of Alternative Food Networks (AFNs). We interviewed organisers of AFNs in three countries (Portugal, Poland, and the Netherlands) to understand the factors that support or hinder the development of diverse types of AFNs. Finally, in a case-study of a non-profit food co-op supermarket we studied how food waste is managed (quantitatively and qualitatively) and showed how it differed from conventional retail.
Towards the Development of a Formulation for Obtaining the Shear Strength of Concrete Composite Beams
Authors: Rueda-García Lisbel , Bonet José Luis , Miguel Pedro Francisco , Fernández Miguel Ángel
Published: February 2023

In the design and assessment of precast concrete beams with a slab cast on top, namely concrete composite beams, engineers still face in practice unsolved shear-related issues, such as the contribution to shear strength of the slab, the concrete strength to be considered in shear formulations or the influence of the interface between concretes in the shear behaviour. In the present research, 69 shear tests were performed on monolithic and composite beams, with rectangular or T-shaped cross-section, with or without transverse reinforcement and with different concrete qualities, to experimentally analyse the issues mentioned above. The study of the shear transfer mechanisms at failure led to formulating a model for explaining the observed results. Based on this model, a shear strength predictive formulation for concrete composite beams with web reinforcement has been developed, which has been verified with the experimental results from this research and 24 additional tests from the literature. This formulation provides accurate predictions compared to the shear strength formulations of current codes EC2, MC-10 and ACI 318-19. The proposed model lays the foundations for the future development of a user-friendly formulation for calculating the shear strength of concrete composite beams.
Risk of Pregnancy in Breastfeeding Mothers: Role of the Progesterone Vaginal Ring on Birth Spacing
Authors: Sitruk-Ware Regine , Ramarao Saumya , Merkatz Ruth , Townsend John
Published: February 2023

The progesterone vaginal ring (PVR) Progering® has been shown to be effective as a contraceptive in breastfeeding women who need safe and effective methods of spacing pregnancies. Previous clinical trials, of 1-year duration, demonstrated its efficacy to be similar to that of the intra-uterine device (IUD) during lactation. The duration of lactational amenorrhoea is significantly prolonged in PVR users in comparison with IUD users with fewer median numbers of bleeding/spotting episodes and days. This delivery system designed for 3-month use needs to be renewed every 3 months as long as breastfeeding continues, for up to 1 year. The frequency of breastfeeding, breast milk volume, and infant growth were not different in PVR or IUD users, and the safety of this new method has been well documented. This article reviews the literature and describes the mechanism of action of the PVR during lactation to bring additional protection over exclusive breastfeeding only, during the first year postpartum. Further evaluation of the PVR acceptability in different populations where breastfeeding is popular and highly recommended for the infant’s benefit is warranted.
Sistem Akses Kontrol Kunci Elektrik untuk Keamanan Rumah dengan E-KTP Berbasis RFID
Authors: Broto Suwasti , Muqod Syahrinnuar , Fath Nifty
Published: February 2023

Pada saat ini, selain hanya untuk tanda pengenal seseorang, e-KTP masih jarang dimanfaatkan sebagai kartu pintar. Salah satu pemanfaatan e-KTP adalah sebagai sistem kunci elektrik berbasis RFID (radio frequency identification) maupun NFC (near field communication). Pada penelitian ini, dirancang sebuah sistem akses kontrol kunci elektrik untuk keamanan rumah dengan e-KTP berbasis RFID yang dilengkapi dengan keypad untuk memasukkan password.  Sensor hall effect digunakan untuk mengaktifkan dan mengnonaktifkan solenoid yang bekerja untuk membuka dan menutup pintu. Proses kerja sistem adalah dengan mencocokkan nomor unik pada ID e-KTP dan memasukkan password yang sudah tersimpan pada database mikrokontroler. Hasil dari proses tersebut akan menampilkan nama, UID (unique identification) e-KTP dan waktu akses pada LCD. Hasil dari pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sensor RFID memiliki batas pembacaan maksimal yakni 2 cm untuk membaca sebuah e-KTP dengan jeda waktu pembacaan e-KTP selanjutnya dalam selang waktu 1 detik
Implementasi Algoritma Genetika untuk Aplikasi Penjadwalan Sistem Kerja Shift
Authors: Priatna WOWON , Warta Joni , Sulistiyo Dwi
Published: February 2023

Perusahaan yang beroperasi jam kerja 24 jam mempunyai tugas berat dalam menentukan jadwal shift kerja. Selain memberikan layanan terbaik untuk pelanggan setiap waktu, dan memiliki segmen pasar khusus. Untuk melakukan produktivitas optimal diperlukan jadwal shift kerja yang teratur bagi perusahaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memecahkan permasalahan pengelolaan jadwal kerja menggunakan algoritma genetika disalah satu perusahaan konektivitas penyedia jaringan internet yang secara manual membuat jadwal dengan bantuan microsoft excel dengan pertimbangan bahwa setiap karyawan memiliki shift kerja berbeda untuk setiap bulannya.   Aplikasi ini menggunakan Unified Modeling Language sebagai model dari sistem penjadwalan shift kerja yang bertujuan untuk pengembangan sistem bisa dilakukan secara maksimal. Hasil dari implementasi perhitungan algoritma genetika menggunakan variabel waktu shift, variabel hari, variabel nama karyawan tidak ditemukan permasalahan penjadwalan shift kerja begitu juga setelah dirancang menggunakan aplikasi penjadwalan shift kerja muncul penjadwalan sistem secara otomatis dengan acuan permasalahan yang sudah bernilai value 0
Pemanfaatan sensor proximity untuk memantau kesehatan reproduksi puyuh bagi peternak telur puyuh
Authors: Putra I Gusti Ngurah Alit Widana , Sukmaaji Anjik , Hananto Valentinus Roby
Published: February 2023

Perkembangan Internet of Things(IoT) berbasis mikrokontroler semakin meningkat bahkan sudah banyak diterapkan di berbagai sektor. Dengan menggunakan IoT) kita dapat mengendalikan dan memonitor perangkat dari jarak jauh dengan bantuan internet sebagai media komunikasi. Salah satu sektor yang belum menggunakan IoT adalah peternak telur puyuh untuk memonitor produktivitas puyuh petelur. Sensor infrared proximity E-18 D80NK digunakan untuk mendeteksi jumlah telur pada setiap kandang yang dikendalikan dengan mikrokontroller ESP32. Output ditampilkan pada LCD 16x2 dan juga dikirimkan ke broker hivemq melalui jaringan internet. Hasilnya adalah berupa dashboard sederhana yang menampilkan jumlah telur pada kandang melalui aplikasi IoT MQTT Panel. Apabila jumlah telur kurang dari 90% dari jumlah puyuh petelur maka saat itu peternak perlu menambahkan vitamin untuk mengembalikan kesehatan puyuh petelur agar jumlah telur dapat mencapai 100% produktivitas.
Perbandingan Algoritma Data Mining Untuk Penentuan Lokasi Promosi Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru Pada IIB Darmajaya Lampung
Authors: Toro Robby , Lestari Sri
Published: February 2023

Tingkat pesaing perguruan tinggi setiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan yang sangat pesat. Dalam proses mendapatkan mahasiswa baru setiap perguruan tinggi memiliki strategi promosi yang berbeda-beda, seiring perkembangan teknologi maka pihak perguruan tinggi dapat memanfaatkan data mining dalam upaya promosi. Data mining dapat menjadi sebuah dasar atau pedoman untuk menentukan kebijakan  bisnis dalam upaya peningkatan pesaing bisnis perusahaan. Dalam upaya penghematan biaya promosi maka dilakukan pemetaan lokasi promosi. Penelitian ini membandingkan tiga alogoritma klasifikasi agar mendapatkan nilai akurasi yang tinggi sehingga informasi yang dihasilkan lebih akurat. Pemetaan lokasi promosi menggunakan algoritma klasifikasi yaitu, decision tree, naïve bayes, dan k-nearest nighbour. Data set yang digunakan berjumlah 1281 record, dan menggunakan variabel, nama, total, alumni, luar kota, dan asal sekolah, denganlabel yaitu, sangat potensi, potensi, dan kurang potensi. Hasil klasifikasi dapat digunakan pihak pemasaran untuk menentukan lokasi promosi pada tahun yang akan datang. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi crosss validation dari ketiga alogoritma tersebut maka alogoritma yang memiliki nilai akurasi tertinggi yaitu decision tree sebesar 100%, selanjutnya adalah algoritma k-nearest nighbour sebesar 99,61%, dan yang terakhir algoritma naïve bayes hanya 84,78%.
Sistem Kontrol Tungku Api Otomatis Untuk Proses Pasteurisasi Susu Berbasis Logika Fuzzy Sugeno
Authors: Hadi Mokh. Sholihul , Sugiono Bhima Satria Rizky , Argeshwara Dityo Kreshna , Shidiqi Maulana As , Arrohman Maulana Ludfi , Wirawan I Made , Mizar Muhammad Alfian , Witjoro Agung
Published: February 2023

Salah satu faktor berkurangnya gizi pada susu adalah kesalahan dalam proses pengolahannya, produk susu biasanya akan melalui proses pasteurisasi guna membunuh bakteri didalamnya dan menambah waktu simpan susu. Namun proses pasteurisasi yang salah justru akan mengakibatkan berkurangnya gizi yang terkandung didalam susu dan tak jarang akan membuat susu justru menjadi rusak. Sistem kontrol tungku api otomatis dirancang untuk menangani masalah yang ada dimana dengan menggunakan mekanikal servo, sistem akan secara otomatis mengatur bukaan katup tungku api untuk menjaga suhu pada set-point yang diinginkan, sehingga suhu akan terjaga dan protein pada susu tidak rusak karena suhu pada proses pemasakan yang terlalu tinggi.  Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, bahwa sistem tanpa fuzzy membutuhkan waktu selama 1 jam untuk dapat mencapai set-point, sedangkan sistem dengan fuzzy hanya membutuhkan waktu 30 menit saja untuk mencapai set-point.
Korelasi Controller dan Story Terhadap Game Experience pada Exergames
Authors: Aslan Viny Julyanita , Rizky -
Published: February 2023

Penyebaran Covid-19 mengakibatkan banyak masyarakat harus mengurangi aktivitas diluar, sehingga mengalami kebosanan selama daring, untuk menghindari kejenuhan salah satu aktivitas dilakukan yaitu bermain game.  Pada penelitian ini penulis akan meneliti game olahraga tentang korelasi story dan nonstory serta kontrolernya pada game yang bergenre hampir sama Exergames yaitu Ring Fit Adventure dan Fitness Boxing 2. Penelitian ini akan diuji dengan melakukan pengambilan kuesioner pengalaman kepada 25 responden yakni mahasiswa dengan kisaran umur 18-25 tahun terhadap pengalaman bermain dengan menggunakan metode Core Elements of the Gaming Experience (CEGE) dengan tujuan mempelajari pengalaman bermain game secara objektif. Para responden akan diberi waktu bermain 10 menit setiap permainan. Pengisian kuesioner dengan jumlah 38 pernyataan dengan skala enjoyment, frustration, CEGE, puppetry, video-game. Hasil dari penelitian akan dikelola menggunakan rumus MEAN atau rata-rata dan Standart Deviasi (SD). Dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan walaupun tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan, ternyata   pemain lebih dominan nyaman pada game Ring Fit Adventure.
Estimasi Galat Sebagai Kompensasi Hasil Pembacaan Sensor Suhu Non-Sentuh Menggunakan Regresi Linier
Authors: Purnama Sevia Indah , Afandi Mas Aly , Selamet Sheila Shelvia , Adiputra Dimas
Published: February 2023

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan penerapan metode regresi linear untuk mengestimasi galat sebagai kompensasi untuk menurunkan galat pembacaan sensor suhu non-sentuh. Hal ini terlihat pada masa pandemi COVID – 19 melalui penggunaan thermo gun untuk mengukur suhu seseorang membutuhkan jarak yang sangat dekat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengukur objek air yang merupakan unsur terbanyak pada tubuh manusia.  Suhu pengukuran telah dikondisikan pada 36°C, 37°C, dan 38°C dengan masing-masing variasi jarak 2cm, 4cm, dan 6cm. Hasil dari validasi menunjukkan model dapat menurunkan galat pada suhu 36°C pada masing-masing jarak sebesar 4,43%, 8,00%, dan 8,70% pada jarak 2cm, 4cm, dan 6cm. Validasi berdasarkan MAE sebelum dimodelkan adalah 2,91 dan nilai MAE setelah dimodelkan adalah 0,37. Penurunan nilai galat pada suhu 37°C untuk masing-masing jarak 2cm, 4cm, dan 6cm adalah 5,94%, 8,72%, dan 7,34%. Nilai validasi berdasarkan MAE sebelum dimodelkan adalah 3,02 dan nilai MAE setelah dimodelkan adalah 0,27. Penurunan nilai galat pada suhu 38°C untuk masing-masing jarak 2cm, 4cm, dan 6cm adalah 6,27%, 8,67%, dan 11,03%. Nilai validasi berdasarkan MAE sebelum dilakukan permodelan adalah 3,87 dan nilai MAE setelah dimodelkan adalah 0,57. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa estimasi galat sebagai kompensasi hasil pembacaan sensor suhu non-sentuh mampu menurunkan galat hasil pembacaan sensor.
Teknik Weighting untuk Mengatasi Ketidakseimbangan Kelas Pada Prediksi Churn Menggunakan XGBoost, LightGBM, dan CatBoost
Authors: Nugraha Wahyu , Syarif Muhamad
Published: February 2023

Churn merupakan kondisi dimana seseorang berpindah dari satu layanan ke layanan yang lain. Churn pelanggan menjadi masalah yang meningkat cukup signifikan dan menjadi tantangan utama yang harus dihadapi banyak perusahaan perbankan karena memiki peran penting terhadap laba perusahaan.  Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan cara untuk memprediksi perilaku churn tepat waktu agar bisa menerapkan retensi pelanggan. Namun, Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh model prediksi churn adalah ketidakseimbangan kelas sehingga membuat model klasifikasi menghasilkan kinerja yang buruk. Solusi yang paling sering digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ketidakseimbangan kelas terbagi menjadi tiga pendekatan yaitu pendekatan level data, level algoritma dan  ensemble. Setiap pendekatan  mengalami beberapa masalah yang sulit diprediksi ketika digunakan untuk menangani masalah ketidakseimbangan kelas. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti melakukan eksperimen menggunakan metode ensemble berbasis boosting untuk melakukan prediksi churn pelanggan dan mencoba meningkatkan kinerjanya pada dataset yang tidak seimbang dengan parameter tuning menggunakan scale pos weight. Algoritma klasifikasi yang digunakan yaitu XGBoost (extreme gradient boosting), LightGBM (light gradient boosting machine) dan CatBoost. Hasil eksperimen akan membandingkan kinerja dari ketiga algoritma berbasis boosting tersebut dengan menyesuaikan bobot parameternya sebanyak tiga kali. Dari hasil pengujian, model CatBoost memperoleh nilai recall tertinggi sebesar 0.79. Sedangkan untuk nilai recall terendah adalah model CatBoost default dengan nilai 0.47. Bedasarkan hasil ekperimen dapat disimpulan bahwa model bekerja dengan cukup baik pada data yang tidak seimbang dengan memberikan mekanisme hyperparameter scale pos weightsehingga model dapat lebih fokus pada kelas minoritas yang sulit dideteksi.
Analisis Pengaruh Image Enhancement Pada Pendeteksian COVID-19 Berbasis Citra X-Ray
Authors: Wahyono -
Published: February 2023

Penyakit virus corona 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan keadaan darurat kesehatan masyarakat secara global. Salah satu cara untuk dapat mendeteksi adanya COVID-19 adalah dengan memanfaatkan citra x-ray dada yang mengidentifikasi anomali pada area paru-paru. Namun terkadang citra yang didapatkan pada melalui scan x-ray memiliki kualitas yang buruk sehingga sulit secara langsung untuk bisa dianalisis secara manual atau menggunakan model machine learning. Untuk menghasilkan analisis yang lebih baik, biasanya citra akan ditingkatkan terlebih dahulu kualitasnya dengan teknik image enhancement. Banyak metode image enhancement yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan ini yang tentunya akan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda-beda pada hasil pendeteksian COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh metode-metode image enhancement pada pendeteksian COVID-19 melalui citra x-ray. Metode image enhancement yang dianalisis adalah log transformation, constrast stretching, histogram equalization (HE), dan contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE). Model pendeteksian COVID-19 akan berdasarkan pada beberapa model machine learning antara lain convolutional neural network (CNN), k-nearest neighbor (KNN) dan support vector machine (SVM). Dari eksperiment didapatkan bahwa pengaplikasian image enhancement HE dan CLAHE memberikan peningkatan akurasi pada pendeteksian COVID-19 khususnya ketika diterapkan pada model CNN yaitu sebesar 1,13% dan 2,25%.
Kombinasi Ekstraksi Kata Kunci dan Ekspansi Kueri Untuk Deteksi Isu Etik pada Ringkasan Penelitian Kesehatan
Authors: Hamidi Mohammad Zaenuddin , Purwitasari Diana , Anggraini Ratih Nur Esti
Published: February 2023

Penelitian kesehatan harus melalui proses telaah etik yang bertujuan untuk mengantisipasi dugaan atas risiko fisik, sosial, ekonomi dan psikologis. Secara etik penelitian kesehatan dapat diterima apabila pada penelitian tersebut mampu dibuktikan dengan metode ilmiah yang valid serta lulus uji etik sebelum penelitian dilakukan. Untuk memastikan pada ringkasan penelitian kesehatan terdapat aspek etik, dibutuhkan kata kunci yang dapat dijadikan representasi dari isi ringkasan tersebut. Salah satu pendekatan yang sering dilakukan adalah dengan menghitung frekuensi kemunculan kata dalam dokumen. Pendekatan lain yaitu pendekatan YAKE dan keyBERT yang tidak hanya menghitung frekuensi kata namun juga menghitung konteks kata. Selain melakukan ekstraksi dilakukan juga proses ekspansi kueri sebagai upaya memperluas istilah yang dapat mewakili masing-masing aspek etik. Salah satu pendekatan yang digunakan untuk ekspansi kueri adalah model word2Vec. Penelitian ini mengusulkan metode pengembangan ekspansi kueri dengan dan metode ekstraksi kata kunci seperti TFIDF,YAKE dan keyBERT dan mengombinasikannya dengan fuzzy. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa metode paling unggul secara presisi yaitu YAKE dan gabungan antara TFIDF + YAKE + keyBERT dengan nilai tertinggi 46% kemudian dari untuk recall model YAKE mendapat nilai tertinggi dengan angka 72% dan untuk nilai F1-Score yang paling unggul adalah metode YAKE dengan nilai tertinggi 54%.
Pengelompokkan Keberhasilan Produksi Peternak Ayam Broiler di Riau Berdasarkan Index Performance Menggunakan K-Means
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Nazir Alwis , Gusti Siska Kurnia , Yusra - , Syafria Fadhillah
Published: February 2023

Ayam broiler merupakan salah satu jenis ayam ras unggul yang mempunyai produktivitas tinggi terutama dalam produksi daging. Pembudidayaan ayam broiler saat ini kebanyakan menggunakan model kemitraan antara perusahaan dan peternak dengan sistem kerjasama kontrak yang saling menguntungkan. Model kemitraan memiliki acuan dalam menentukan keberhasilan produksi peternak yang dinyatakan dengan index performance (IP). Permasalahan yang ada, perusahaan kesulitan dalam mengelompokkan keberhasilan produksi peternak berdasarkan IP karena data IP peternak yang begitu banyak. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan mengelompokkan keberhasilan produksi peternak menggunakan algoritma k-means. Parameter yang digunakan yaitu deplesi, berat rataan panen, feed convertion ratio (fcr), umur panen dan IP. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dengan menerapkan algoritma k-means terbentuk 3 cluster yaitu cluster tingkat keberhasilan tinggi dengan jumlah 277 peternak, cluster tingkat keberhasilan sedang dengan jumlah 314 peternak, dan cluster tingkat keberhasilan rendah dengan jumlah 336 peternak. Pengujian menggunakan DBI dengan k=3 menghasilkan nilai validitas sebesar 0.494.
Analisa Sistem Keamanan Distribusi Daya Signal Hut Pada Lintas Stasiun Angke dan Stasiun Kampung Bandan
Authors: Sirait Rummi Santirama , Siadari Simson Piter
Published: February 2023

Sistem Distribusi Daya Signal Hut (SDDSH) pada jalur KRL lintas Stasiun Duri menuju Stasiun Tangerang khususnya Stasiun Angke dan Stasiun Kampung Bandan menggunakan SDDSH tipe Jepang. Peralatan catu daya pada SDDSH tipe Jepang belum memiliki sistem keamanan atau proteksi yang baik, sehingga apabila terjadi gangguan pada salah satu gardu traksi dapat membahayakan saat pemindahan suplai beban. Untuk itu diperlukan sistem keamanan yang mempermudah dalam memonitor aliran suplai daya pada peralatan catu daya agar peralatan persinyalan dapat bekerja dan sistem persinyalan kereta tidak terganggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deksriptif berupa hasil wawancara yang diterjemahkan kedalam bentuk simulasi pemrograman menggunakan aplikasi PLC. Penggunaan logika 1 sebagai masukan dengan logika 0 (nol) untuk keluarannya pada ladder diagram agar dapat mengunci aliran daya listrik yang disuplai ke peralatan catu daya khususnya LBS dan MCB. Hasil simulasi menghasilkan 4 cara untuk sistem penyuplaian daya yang lebih baik. Indikator simulasi ini bekerja ditunjukkan dengan perubahan warna lampu LED pada tampilan HMI. Lampu berwarna merah menunjukkan kondisi LBS terkunci atau tidak adanya daya listrik yang tersuplai. Lampu berwarna hijau menandakan adanya aliran daya listrik yang masuk mengalir ke dalam peralatan catu daya atau penyuplaian daya untuk sistem persinyalan di SDDSH kedua stasiun tidak terganggu.
Penerapan Metode Oversampling SMOTE Pada Algoritma Random Forest Untuk Prediksi Kebangkrutan Perusahaan
Authors: Nugroho Agung , Rilvani Elkin
Published: February 2023

Kemajuan teknologi informasi berkembang kearah finansial dalam melakukan prediski. Banyak model algoritma prediksi data keuangan telah dikembangkan. Prediksi kebangkrutan merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting bagi organisasi atau perusahaan dalam mengambil keputusan yang diperlukan oleh pemodal dan investor. Prediksi kebangkrutan termasuk dalam permasalahan ketidakseimbangan kelas dalam model kalsifikasi karena jumlah data yang termasuk dalam kelas bangkrut jauh lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan data yang termasuk dalam kelas tidak bangkrut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan model klasifikasi yang baik untuk prediksi risiko kebangkrutan pada perusahaan. preprocessing data dilakukan untuk melakukan optimasi algoritma klasifikasi dengan metode oversampling SMOTE agar menghasilkan model kalsifikasi yang optimal. Algoritma klasifikasi yang digunakan adalah Random Forest Classification untuk mendapatkan hasil prediksi kebangkrutan yang optimal. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan bahwa performa klasifikasi meningkat sebesar 7,40% setelah dilakukan preprocessing data dengan menggunakan teknik oversampling SMOTE pada algoritma Random Forest Classifier.
Language and Identity of Colonized: A Stylistic Analysis of Poetic Work of Agha Shahid Ali
Authors: Perveen Shahida , Farid Aisha
Published: February 2023

Stylistics as an interdisciplinary field of study has evolved over the years as it encompasses theories and approaches of contemporary times from language, literature, sociology, pedagogy, psychology, and anthropology. Since the core to stylistics is language, the present research aims to address the ramifications of Colonization in the poetic works of Agha Shahid Ali. The sample for the study to explore the stylistic features is Language Games. The selected text has been investigated on graphological, phonological, lexical, syntactical, pragmatics and discourse levels of stylistic analysis to expose the hidden and profound meanings. The expressive means of the selected work have been interpreted using lens of Postcolonialism to relate the work with larger socio-cultural contexts. The poem’s stylistic analysis reveals the lament of the poet for his lost language and identity. The cost of learning a new language is the loss of one's native language. The lexical choices, parallel structures, and foregrounding function effectively highlight the major and minor themes of the selected text. This study also exposes Agha Shahid’s unique poetic style that distinguishes him as a great poet. This study affirms that stylistics links as a bridge two vital disciplines i.e., linguistics and literature. Language carries thoughts which need to be explored. This study has focused on all such features that the poet, knowing the importance of language, selected very carefully to carry his message. This research helps students understand the significant connection and bondage between language features and literature.
Genetic control of meiosis surveillance mechanisms in mammals
Authors: Huang Yan , Roig Ignasi
Published: February 2023

Meiosis is a specialized cell division that generates haploid gametes and is critical for successful sexual reproduction. During the extended meiotic prophase I, homologous chromosomes progressively pair, synapse and desynapse. These chromosomal dynamics are tightly integrated with meiotic recombination (MR), during which programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are formed and subsequently repaired. Consequently, parental chromosome arms reciprocally exchange, ultimately ensuring accurate homolog segregation and genetic diversity in the offspring. Surveillance mechanisms carefully monitor the MR and homologous chromosome synapsis during meiotic prophase I to avoid producing aberrant chromosomes and defective gametes. Errors in these critical processes would lead to aneuploidy and/or genetic instability. Studies of mutation in mouse models, coupled with advances in genomic technologies, lead us to more clearly understand how meiosis is controlled and how meiotic errors are linked to mammalian infertility. Here, we review the genetic regulations of these major meiotic events in mice and highlight our current understanding of their surveillance mechanisms. Furthermore, we summarize meiotic prophase genes, the mutations that activate the surveillance system leading to meiotic prophase arrest in mouse models, and their corresponding genetic variants identified in human infertile patients. Finally, we discuss their value for the diagnosis of causes of meiosis-based infertility in humans.
Rapid detection of mpox virus using recombinase aided amplification assay
Authors: Cui Xiaohu , Du Bing , Feng Junxia , Feng Yanling , Cui Jinghua , Yan Chao , Zhao Hanqing , Gan Lin , Fan Zheng , Fu Tongtong , Xu Ziying , Zhang Rui , Du Shuheng , Zhou Yao , Tian Ziyan , Zhang Qun , Fu Hanyu , Xue Guanhua , Yuan Jing
Published: February 2023

A recent, unprecedented outbreak of human mpox virus infection has led to cases in non-African nations, and the number of confirmed or suspected cases outside of Africa has exceeded 1,000 within 5 weeks. Mpox may pose a double threat to public health in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. It is difficult to distinguish mpox virus infection from other diseases in the early stages, and patients are contagious from the onset of nonspecific symptoms; therefore, it is crucial to develop rapid and specific diagnostic methods. The diagnosis of mpox relies on real-time polymerase chain reaction, a time-consuming method that requires a highly sophisticated thermal cycler, which makes it unsuitable for widespread use in underdeveloped areas, where the outbreak is still severe. In this study, we developed a recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay that can detect mpox virus within 5–10 minutes. The conserved regions of the A27L gene and F3L gene were selected as targets, as they amplify well from different mpox virus clades with no cross-reaction from other pathogens. The sensitivity of this RAA assay is 10 copies/reaction for the A27L gene and 102 copies/reaction for the F3L gene. When applied to simulated clinical samples, both targets showed 100% specificity, and the detection limits were consistent with the sensitivity results. Moreover, through clinical blinded sample detection, RAA exhibits the same detection power as RT-PCR. In summary, the RAA mpox assay described here exhibits rapid detection, high sensitivity and specificity, and low operational difficulty, making it suitable for mpox virus detection in less developed countries and regions.
Lipid droplets as multifunctional organelles related to the mechanism of evasion during mycobacterial infection
Authors: Almeida Patrícia Elaine de , Pereira de Sousa Núbia Maria , Rampinelli Pollianne Garbero , Silva Renata Vieira de Sousa , Correa José Raimundo , D’Avila Heloisa
Published: February 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria of the Mycobaterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex. The modulation of the lipid metabolism has been implicated in the immune response regulation, including the formation of lipid droplets (LD)s, LD-phagosome association and eicosanoid synthesis. Mtb, M. bovis BCG and other pathogenic mycobacteria, as well as wall components, such as LAM, can induce LDs formation in a mechanism involving surface receptors, for instance TLRs, CD36, CD14, CD11b/CD18 and others. In addition, the activation of the lipid-activated nuclear receptor PPARγ is involved in the mechanisms of LD biogenesis, as well as in the modulation of the synthesis of lipid mediators. In infected cells, LDs are sites of compartmentalized prostaglandin E2 synthesis involved in macrophage deactivation, bacterial replication and regulation of the host cytokine profile. LDs also have a function in vesicle traffic during infection. Rab7 and RILP, but not Rab5, are located on LDs of infected macrophages, suggesting that LDs and phagosomes could exchange essential proteins for phagosomal maturation, interfering in mycobacterial survival. The pharmacological inhibition of LDs biogenesis affects the bacterial replication and the synthesis of lipid mediators and cytokines, suggesting that LDs may be new targets for antimicrobial therapies. However, it is still controversial if the accumulation of LDs favors the mycobacterial survival acting as an escape mechanism, or promotes the host resistance to infection. Thus, in this mini-review we discuss recent advances in understanding the important role of LDs in the course of infections and the implications for the pathophysiology of mycobacteriosis.
Analysis of the synergistic antifungal activity of everolimus and antifungal drugs against dematiaceous fungi
Authors: An Lulu , Jia Gengpei , Tan Jingwen , Yang Lianjuan , Wang Yuemei , Li Lei
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a form of chronic mycosis that affects the skin and mucous membranes and is caused by species of dematiaceous fungi including Exophiala spp., Phialophora spp., and Fonsecaea spp. The persistence of this disease and limitations associated with single-drug treatment have complicated efforts to adequately manage this condition.

Methods

In this study, a microdilution assay was used to explore the synergistic antifungal activity of everolimus (EVL) in combination with itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VRC), posaconazole (POS), and amphotericin B (AMB) against a range of clinical dematiaceous fungal isolates.

Results

These analyses revealed that the EVL+POS and EVL+ITC exhibited superior in vitro synergistic efficacy, respectively inhibiting the growth of 64% (14/22) and 59% (13/22) of tested strains. In contrast, the growth of just 9% (2/22) of tested strains was inhibited by a combination of EVL+AMB, and no synergistic efficacy was observed for the combination of EVL+VRC.

Discussion

Overall, these findings indicate that EVL holds promise as a novel drug that can be synergistically combined with extant antifungal drugs to improve their efficacy, thereby aiding in the treatment of CBM.
Characterization of fecal microbiota in cervical cancer patients associated with tumor stage and prognosis
Authors: Chang Lei , Qiu Luojie , Lei Ningjing , Zhou Junying , Guo Ruixia , Gao Feng , Dong Shiliang , Chen Mengyu , Wu Fengling , Qin Bo
Published: February 2023

Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most frequent malignancy among women worldwide, and its prevention and treatment are evolving rapidly. The gut microbiota has been reported to play a crucial role both in the preservation of homeostasis and the development of cervical cancer. In this study, we collected fecal samples to investigate the microbial signatures in cervical cancer patients compared with healthy controls using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) testing. Our findings demonstrated a substantial difference in the gut microbiota composition of cervical cancer patients and healthy controls. The disease and stage were most significantly negatively correlated with Ruminococcus 2, which might be considered a potential clinically relevant biomarker. Functions of differential microbiomes were also analyzed, indicating significant differences in metabolisms and biosynthesis between the two groups. These findings demonstrate that patients with cervical cancer have certain species of gut microbiota that are exclusive to them and particular species have the potential to be used in the prognosis of cervical cancer.
Case report: Surgical strategies of a giant thrombus from the ascending aorta to the arch
Authors: Li Guanhua , Chen Yingzhen , Wang Haikuo , Liu Yanping , Liu Hangyu , Sun He , Wang Zhiping
Published: February 2023

Large mural thrombi in the relatively normal ascending aorta are extremely uncommon conditions that may lead to major adverse cardiovascular events due to new embolism. Because of their changeable variations, the management of these unstable thrombi is challenging and controversial. The size, morphology, location, embolic involvement, and patients’ conditions are all crucial for therapeutic decision-making. Treatment options include anticoagulation, thrombolysis, surgical thrombectomy, and endovascular stenting. Therefore, surgical strategies should be highly individualized. Herein, we present a rare case of a huge thrombus from the ascending aorta to the arch in a 43-year-old man. Considering the high risks of catastrophic embolic events, surgical removal of the aortic mass, thromboendarterectomy, and reconstruction of the arterial wall were performed with a satisfactory outcome. This report illustrates our experience of surgical strategies and perioperative treatments for this challenging case, and contemporary surgical management for mural thrombi in the ascending aorta was also thoroughly discussed.
Aortic valve disorders and left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Acharya Deepak , Kazui Toshinobu , Al Rameni Dina , Acharya Tushar , Betterton Edward , Juneman Elizabeth , Loyaga-Rendon Renzo , Lotun Kapildeo , Shetty Ranjith , Chatterjee Arka
Published: February 2023

Aortic valve disorders are important considerations in advanced heart failure patients being evaluated for left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) and those on LVAD support. Aortic insufficiency (AI) can be present prior to LVAD implantation or developde novoduring LVAD support. It is usually a progressive disorder and can lead to impaired LVAD effectiveness and heart failure symptoms. Severe AI is associated with worsening hemodynamics, increased hospitalizations, and decreased survival in LVAD patients. Diagnosis is made with echocardiographic, device assessment, and/or catheterization studies. Standard echocardiographic criteria for AI are insufficient for accurate diagnosis of AI severity. Management of pre-existing AI includes aortic repair or replacement at the time of LVAD implant. Management ofde novoAI on LVAD support is challenging with increased risks of repeat surgical intervention, and percutaneous techniques including transcatheter aortic valve replacement are assuming greater importance. In this manuscript, we provide a comprehensive approach to contemporary diagnosis and management of aortic valve disorders in the setting of LVAD therapy.
Reconstruction of the proto-type basin and tectono-paleographical evolution of Tarim in the Cenozoic
Authors: Wei Lunyan , Huang Shaoying , Luo Caiming , Duan Yunjiang , Xia Jinkai , Zhong Ziqi , Li Xiang , Chang Haining
Published: February 2023

The Tarim Basin is the largest sedimentary basin in China, and it has experienced a complex tectonic evolutionary history. Reconstruction of the proto-type basin and tectono-paleogeography is helpful to understand the different stages of evolution of the sedimentary basin and basin-mountain relationship. It is significant to combine the basin with the regional tectonic background to discuss the process of basin-mountain coupling and the tectonic evolution of the peripheral orogenic belts. With a reliable residual thickness map and lithofacies map of the Tarim Basin in the Cenozoic, based on the amount of shortening we quantified from previous works and 81 balanced cross-sections, we restored the original range and compiled the proto-type basin map of Tarim Basin. From a compilation of previous studies on the lithofacies of peripheral blocks, the tectono-paleogeography of the Tarim Basin in Cenozoic has been reconstructed. The Indian Plate collided with the Eurasian continent at ∼45–40 Ma. The remote effect of the collision led to the resurrection and reactivation of the Kunlun and Tianshan Mountains. The Southwest Tarim and Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basins separately developed along the north front of the Kunlun Mountains and the south front of the Tianshan Mountains. The tectonic evolution process of the Tarim Basin in the Cenozoic was divided into two stages: 1) in the Paleogene, the Neo-Tethys Ocean retreated stepwise westward from the Southwest of the Tarim Basin, and the sedimentary lithofacies of the Southwest Tarim Depression were bay lagoon facies and lake facies; 2) the Neo-Tethys Ocean retreat finally occurred in the Tarim Basin during the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene, and it became an almost closed terrestrial basin, with the deposition of fluvial facies and lacustrine facies. The Cenozoic tectono-paleogeography of the Tarim Basin is closely related to the closure of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and the reactivation of the Kunlun and Tianshan Mountains.
Inclusive education in Ghana: How prepared are the teachers?
Authors: Naami Augustina , Mort Kingsley Saa-Touh
Published: February 2023

We cannot overemphasize the importance of education in creating sustainable societies. Persons with disabilities continue to lag in education, which affects their employment and income and overall well-being. Education is necessary for persons with disabilities to break out of the cycle of poverty as recognized by both the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Sustainable Development Goals. Ghana developed an inclusive education policy in 2015 with an overarching goal of fostering equitable access to education for all children. The critical question is what to teach. The B.Ed. Curriculum in 2018 was written to reform education and the school curriculum. But how prepared are student teachers at Colleges of Education in Ghana. Using the curriculum to promote inclusive education? In this paper, we use the social model of disability, anchored on the Sustainable Development Goals, to examine the preparedness of student teachers in meeting the needs of learners with diverse learning needs.
Multi-omics and machine learning for the prevention and management of female reproductive health
Authors: Kharb Simmi , Joshi Anagha
Published: February 2023

Females typically carry most of the burden of reproduction in mammals. In humans, this burden is exacerbated further, as the evolutionary advantage of a large and complex human brain came at a great cost of women’s reproductive health. Pregnancy thus became a highly demanding phase in a woman’s life cycle both physically and emotionally and therefore needs monitoring to assure an optimal outcome. Moreover, an increasing societal trend towards reproductive complications partly due to the increasing maternal age and global obesity pandemic demands closer monitoring of female reproductive health. This review first provides an overview of female reproductive biology and further explores utilization of large-scale data analysis and -omics techniques (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) towards diagnosis, prognosis, and management of female reproductive disorders. In addition, we explore machine learning approaches for predictive models towards prevention and management. Furthermore, mobile apps and wearable devices provide a promise of continuous monitoring of health. These complementary technologies can be combined towards monitoring female (fertility-related) health and detection of any early complications to provide intervention solutions. In summary, technological advances (e.g., omics and wearables) have shown a promise towards diagnosis, prognosis, and management of female reproductive disorders. Systematic integration of these technologies is needed urgently in female reproductive healthcare to be further implemented in the national healthcare systems for societal benefit.
An elevated parametric thyroid feedback quantile-based index is associated with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Alonso-Ventura Vanesa , Campos-Magallon Patricia , Moreno-Franco Belen , Calmarza Pilar , Calvo-Gracia Fernando , Lou-Bonafonte Jose Manuel , de Diego-Garcia Patricia , Casasnovas Jose Antonio , Marco-Benedi Victoria , Civeira Fernando , Laclaustra Martin
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Atrial fibrillation is associated with hyperthyroidism. Within the euthyroid range, it is also associated with high thyroxine (fT4), but not with thyrotropin (TSH). We aim to describe differences in thyroid regulation, measured by the Parametric Thyroid Feedback Quantile-Based Index (PTFQI), between patients with atrial fibrillation and the general population.

Materials and methods

Thyroid parameters (PTFQI, TSH, and fT4) of a sample of 84 euthyroid subjects with atrial fibrillation (cases) were compared to a reference sample of euthyroid healthcare patients (controls). We calculated age and sex adjusted ORs for atrial fibrillation across tertiles of these parameters. Also, within cases, we studied thyroid parameters association with clinical characteristics of the atrial fibrillation.

Results

After adjusting for age and sex, fT4 and PTFQI were higher in subjects with atrial fibrillation when compared to the general sample (p<0.01 and p=0.01, respectively). Atrial fibrillation ORs of the third versus the first PTFQI tertile was 1.88(95%CI 1.07,3.42), and there was a gradient across tertiles (p trend=0.02). Among atrial fibrillation patients, we observed that higher PTFQI was associated with sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) (p=0.03), higher fT4 was associated with the presence of an arrhythmogenic trigger (p=0.02) and with heart failure (p<0.01), and higher TSH was also associated with OSAS (p<0.01).

Conclusions

Euthyroid subjects with atrial fibrillation have an elevation of the pituitary TSH-inhibition threshold, measured by PTFQI, with respect to the general population. Within atrial fibrillation patients, high PTFQI was associated with OSAS, and high fT4 with heart failure. These results hint of the existence of a relationship between thyroid regulation and atrial fibrillation.
Diet was less significant than physical activity in the prognosis of people with sarcopenia and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseases: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III
Authors: Yi Yun , Wang Chun , Ding Yang , He JiangHua , Lv YuQing , Chang Ying
Published: February 2023

Background

Sarcopenia is prevalent in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseases (MAFLD), and the primary treatment for both diseases is lifestyle modification. We studied how dietary components and physical activity affect individuals with sarcopenia and MAFLD.

Materials and methods

We conducted a study utilizing National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988–1994) data with Linked Mortality file (through 2019). The diagnosis of fatty liver disease (FLD) was based on ultrasound images revealing moderate and severe steatosis. Using bioelectrical measures, sarcopenia was assessed. Using self-report data, dietary intake and physical activity levels were evaluated.

Results

Among 12,259 participants, 2,473 presented with MAFLD, and 290 of whom had sarcopenia. Higher levels of physical activity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.51 [0.36–0.95]) and calorie (OR = 0.58 [0.41–0.83]) intake reduced the likelihood of sarcopenia in MAFLD patients. During a median follow-up period of 15.3 years, 1,164 MAFLD and 181 MAFLD patients with sarcopenia perished. Increased activity levels improved the prognosis of patients with sarcopenia (Insufficiently active, HR = 0.75 [0.58–0.97]; Active, HR = 0.64 [0.48–0.86]), which was particularly pronounced in older patients.

Conclusion

In the general population, hyperglycemia was highly related to MAFLD prognosis. Physical inactivity and a protein-restricted diet corresponded to sarcopenia, with physical inactivity being connected to poor outcomes. Adding protein supplements would be beneficial for older people with sarcopenia who are unable to exercise due to frailty, while the survival benefits were negligible.
Two-stage robust optimal operation of AC/DC distribution networks with power electronic transformers
Authors: Dong Heling , Tang Zhong , Wei Minjie
Published: February 2023

Power electronic transformers (PET) are a new type of power electronic equipment with a multi-port flexible dispatch function, which can play the role of a power hub in a system composed of multiple AC-DC hybrid distribution grids for interactive sharing of power in multiple regions. In this study, a two-stage robust optimization operation model of a hybrid AC-DC distribution network with PET is proposed based on PET power transmission and transformation characteristics. The stochastic uncertainty of the distributed renewable energy output in the AC-DC grid is handled by a two-stage robust optimization method to determine the minimum total system operation cost under the worst case of distributed renewable energy output. Finally, a constrained column generation algorithm is used to solve the two-stage robust optimization model in the min-max-min form and verifies the validity of the model in this study.