bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristic Study on the Dynamic Response of Block Based on the EMD Technique of Feature Extraction
Authors: Du Xian Feng , Li Zhi Jun , Bi Fong Rong , Zhang Jun Hong , Wang Xia , Shao Kang
Published: September 2011

A feature extraction method for engine block using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) technique has been proposed in this paper. The EMD technique is developed to break the limitations of conventional signal processing techniques in some extent and to perform further decomposition of signals. In order to extract feature information of engine block, the vibration response will first be processed by the EMD to generate the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and then identified by the Fourier transform. Then the same procedure will be adopted to extract the vibration response characteristic from FEM model of block, which is compared between the original and improved engine block. To verify the feasibility of such an approach, the vibration response generated by the finite element simulation will be analyzed, with results compared with the experimental ones. The results demonstrated that the EMD technique made the vibration characteristic more visible by the sifting process, and using the IMFs computed from vibration response, rather than based on the original data, the vibration sources of engine can be successfully identified. And we can also further confirm the structural weak regions of engine block and the main vibration sources, which are benefited to the engine block optimization.
A Measurement Method of the Interoperability of Integrated Systems Based on Process Net
Authors: Guo Fa Bin , Wang Ming Zhe , Liao Jing Jing
Published: September 2011

Interoperability is the key target of integrated architecture design, as well as the basis of the capability of integrated systems. Since interoperability plays an important role in fulfilling operational missions, this study proposes a quantification measurement method for the interoperability at architecture level by matching the missions with the initial conditions of executable model—Petri Net. First, the process net of the Petri net model is used to present the interoperation relationship between systems. Then the quality attribute for interoperation is assigned by incident matrix of system interoperation to accomplish the measurement on the interoperability of a heterogeneous set of integrated systems. Finally, the National Missile Defense System is taken as an example to illustrate the application of this method.
Finite Element Analysis on Dynamic Response of Bridge Structures under Moving Loads with Uniform Speed
Authors: Zhang Wen , Yang De Can
Published: September 2011

The dynamic response of simple supported beam under the moving load is analyzed. The finite element analysis software MIDAS is used to simulate the process of when the uniform constant force moving through the simply supported beam. The first 5 natural frequencies of simply supported beam are obtained with the modal analysis and compared with the analytical solution. The feasibility of the finite element method is verified.
Analysis and Design of a Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Beam Footbridge with Corrugated Steel Web
Authors: Gao Jing , Hu Chong Wu , Lian Jiang Feng
Published: September 2011

The analysis and design of a concrete filled steel tubular beam footbridge with corrugated steel webs are presented in this paper. The decreased dead weight of corrugated steel web results in a lower construction cost of the bridge. The bridge crosses an existing roadway, whose traffic should not interrupt during the construction of the footbridge. The considerations of the design is introduced. By analyzing the bridge using MIDAS program, the strength, stiffness and dynamic behavior can meet the requirements of the codes.
Selection of Concrete Creep Analytical Models for Modern Prestressed Bridges
Authors: Zeng Qing Xiang , Han Da Jian
Published: September 2011

The modern prestressed concrete bridges have the characteristics of large-span, high concrete strength, reinforced volume prestress and linear shape complexity. The structure bearing capacity and durability are considerable impacted by concrete creep, such as stresses redistribution and deflections increase. Some of the prediction concrete creep models that are being widely used at present are briefly introduced in this paper. Based on the analysis of existing research achievement, for the aim of improving the calculation accuracy of creep effects in bridge structures, several main problems that should be paid attention to in concrete creep analysis are pointed out from four aspects: (1) in design stage, the reasonable creep prediction model should be selected in accord with the local building materials and environment conditions; (2) during the analysis of creep effects, the initial stresses state and the stresses redistribution should be attended; (3) the reliability of prestress loss calculation should be considered in analysis of concrete creep effects; (4) the differences between normal construction materials and that of new types should be taken into account in concrete creep analysis.
Analysis of the Reasonable Construction Size of Concrete Bridge Deck
Authors: Tang Xian Xi , Tang Xian Zhou , Xu Yue , Guo Wei
Published: September 2011

In order to study the reasonable thickness and width of bridge decks of concrete T beam bridge, 36 ANSYS finite element models of simply supported concrete T beam were established, stress performance of each models have been analyzed under the centre load. The analysis results indicated that when the bridge deck thickness reached 22cm, it was no much sense of influence of bridge decks stress and deflection change by increasing the thickness of the bridge deck, therefore, the recommended value of deck thickness was about 22cm. Since the width of the bridge deck has little effect of the mechanical properties and stiffness of it, so the recommended values of the bridge decks width should be determined combined with the diaphragm and the integral stiffness of T beam bridge.
Testing and Statistics Analysis on Dynamic Response of Expressway Bridge under Various Vehicles
Authors: Wang Tao , Han Wan Shui , Li Yan Wei
Published: September 2011

Nowadays, with the rapid development of the traffic infrastructure construction and the growing of the traffic flowing and speed, the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration research has become the focus of the bridge engineering study. The dynamic response of the bridge under the traffic flowing is one of the vital parameters for the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis. In this paper, a methodology, employing the speed radar gun, the video recorder, and the dynamic strain tester in combination with manually recording is used to continuously and detailed investigate the traffic loads on the expressway bridge within 24 hours a day. With this approach introduced by this paper, all the critical parameters, such as the vehicle type, speed, traffic lane, the arriving time of the traffic and the bridge-vehicle dynamic interaction are all recorded. In this investigation, firstly the dynamic responses of 8 pieces of girders of the bridge under 5650 individual vehicles driving through the bridge are recorded, then in conjunction with the investigated traffic flowing samples, in terms of the vehicle type, some detailed statistics study is conducted on the collected records, and finally the space-time distribution laws of the dynamic response of the bridge under the traffic flowing are studied extensively. The result of this study could provide helpful theoretic guidance and supporting data for the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration research.
Study on the Reinforcement and Reconstruction of through Pre-Stressed Truss Arch Bridge
Authors: Kang Jun Tao , Liu Yang
Published: September 2011

This paper takes Huzhou Baimitang Bridge as an engineering example, expounds the common diseases of through pre-stressed truss arch bridge and their causes. It uses structure calculation software to optimize the reinforcement methods of components, such as arch rib, diagonal brace, tie beam, etc. The results show that pasting steel for arch rib, diagonal brace and pasting carbon fiber sheet for tie beam can effectively enhance the stiffness and the carrying capacity of Baimitang Bridge. The reinforcing methods are good for reference of other similar engineering projects.
Mechanical Characteristics Analysis of Type ∏ Terminal Restricted Configuration Transition Section for CRTSⅡ Slab Track
Authors: Gong Xiao Ping , Xiao Hong
Published: September 2011

With full-bridge longitudinal-connected foundation plates,CRTSⅡslab track sets type ∏ terminal restricted configuration anchorage structure in the bedroad-bridge transition section,in order to transmit forces such as temperature force and braking force from foundation plate to subgrade. In connection with the deficiency of exsiting researches, through the established finite element analysis model on Type ∏ terminal restricted configuration transition section,its mechanical characteristics under the most unfavorable longitudinal load by changing the structural parameters of transition section are analyzed, focusing on the criterion that the range of maximum of longitudinal displacement is 3mm.Analysis results show that when the longitudinal force is being transmitted to the anchorage structure, the maximum stress and longitudinal displacement of main terminal restricted configuration are far less than the limit and this process has little influence on track geometrical regularity .The laying of sliding layer can ameliorate structural force and deformation. However, changing its friction coefficient has no effect. Moreover, as the soil is under elastic deformation stage, its elastic modulus presents significant effects on mechanical properties of transmit section while its internal friction angle and cohesion have no influence.
Study on Wind Resistance Strategy and Stability Calculation of a Single-Span Suspension Bridge
Authors: Wang Xiang Yang , Xiong Rui
Published: September 2011

A main span of 500m of rock tunnel anchor steel truss single span suspension bridge, Structure of the tower across the bridge, cross a large, soft, weak damping characteristics, and the bridge site at the complex terrain, the actual wind field is more disordered, so be checking the stability of the structure of the wind. Wind stability checking showed that the torsional flutter and torsional flutter separated flow is less than the critical velocity self-excited vibration of the main beam test wind speed, wind does not meet safety requirements. Therefore, an additional level of rigidity with the wind the cable, set the cross-slope index, increased truss width, the main cable using a single triangle boom, the use of space for the main cable, etc. to increase the stability of the bridge on wind resistance. After considering the construction of economic and structural terms, the final choice of the main cable space, the top cable from 1m, the main tower for the A-type tower program. The study on the stability of the same type of calculation of the bridge with the reference wind.
Vehicle-Bridge Coupled Vibration on Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Arch Bridge
Authors: Tan Hong Xia , Chen Zheng Qing
Published: September 2011

This paper studies the dynamic response and the impact factor of the concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) arch bridge named Hejiang River Bridge under the moving vehicles. Research shows that the impact factor of CFST arch bridge at the vault and 1/4 arch rib is greatly influenced by the road surface roughness (RSR), and it is increased with the grade of RSR increases, meanwhile it is different at apiece section position of the arch bridge. The impact factor doesn't vary monotonically with the speed of vehicle, it appears the maximum when the speed of vehicle is between 20-25 km/h and 35-50 km/h, and the impact factors of different cross-sections are not just the same with the changing regularity of speed. Therefore, the dynamic characteristics of different structural components should be calculated in designing CFST arch bridge for discrepant dynamic characteristics of various constructional elements.
Seismic Effect Analysis of Externally Prestressed Steel-Box Girder Bridge
Authors: Yang Ji Xin , Lin Guo Wei , Yang Jing Nan
Published: September 2011

The externally pre-stressed steel-box girder bridge is a novel structure, it has the advantage of lightness, less height and fast construction speed. The structure has a very bright application prospect in the future. Seismic effect of this kind of bridge was analyzed with the finite element method in combination of engineering practices. The dynamic characteristics, dynamic response under the action of E1 and E2 was calculated. The results of first five natural frequencies, mode of vibration, internal force and deflection under the action of seismic were listed and discussed. The results show that the externally pre-stressed steel-box girder bridge has a good seismic performance.
Remaining Service Life Prediction of Reinforced Stone Arch Bridge
Authors: Guo Feng Qi , Yu Zhi Wu
Published: September 2011

The remaining service life of reinforced stone arch bridges is of great concern to management and conservation units. It is also the scientific basis for decision to next reinforced maintenance or rebuild. The concept of time-dependent reliability is introduced. Accoding to the most common section enlargement reinforcement method, the load and resistance of the structures are analyzed. The analysis methods and steps of life prediction are proposed, and the remaining service life is obtained. Based on above methods, an engineering example is given, the service life forecast calculation of reinforced stone arch bridges is discussed.
Nonlinear Dynamics Mechanism for Stability Control of the Overlapped Tunnels System
Authors: Liu Zhen , Zhou Cui Ying
Published: September 2011

The stability control of the overlapped tunnels system has been one of the hot issues and difficulties in tunnel and underground engineering field. According to the whole process analysis for instability evolution of the overlapped tunnels, its nonlinear dynamics characteristics are studied by the nonlinear dynamics method, including material and energy metabolism, fluctuation, thermodynamics irreversible process, correlation dimension and entropy. On this basis, combining with stability control measures such as grouting, bolt and gunite and so on, the dynamics mechanism and energy dissipation mechanism for stability control of the overlapped tunnels system are studied by synergetics and dissipative structure theory. The nonlinear dynamics evolution law of the control process is also revealed. This research is not only able to provide theoretical support for establishing optimal control model and risk control principle based the nonlinear dynamics, but also of great significance for the stability control technology of the overlapped tunnels.
Stability Analysis of Large-Span Prestressed Concrete Cable-Stayed Bridge under Floating System
Authors: Liu Fang Ping , Zhou Jian Ting , Yang Jian Xi
Published: September 2011

This paper shows the stability of cable-stayed bridge under floating system. A large-span prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge in Chongqing is analyzed by using nonlinear finite element program ANSYS. The buckling mode and linear and nonlinear stability safety factor of the bridge under two unfavourable live loads are gained and compared by numerical simulations. The results show: 1) only in-plane instability is induced regardless of the loads；2) Under the floating structure system, nonlinear stability safety factors of the bridge under two unfavourable live loads do not meet the specification requirement four, but they are actually bearing capacity stability factors, and should be said adequate safe when they can reach about three. Limit value on nonlinear stability safety factor of the bridge does not provide at present, but we believe that in general about three should be able to meet the requirement through the practice of some of the previous bridge
Experimental Study and Evaluation on Bearing Capacity of Slab Culverts in Da-Qin Railway
Authors: Zhang Rong Ling , Wang Qi Cai , Ma Li Na , Guo Jian , Liu Shu Hong
Published: September 2011

Abstract. The experimental research on heavy haul railway existent diseases under double disadvantage fatigue load of special high stress level and multiple cycle index in da-qin railway, the bearing capacity of existing slab culverts are calculated and analyzed on ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state. According to 1:1 scale,laboratory test study on cover plate’s deflection, crack, strain of tensile steel about one piece of slab culvert in different static load and assess the cover plate’s initial state maximum carrying capacity;and for the other two pieces of cover plates, static load below 30t compression was applied until concrete cracking in order to carry on fatigue test for simulating axle load in heavy haul railway, to detect the bearing capacity of the plate and assess the service life of slab culvert. It puts forward some suggestions for the further research field in slab culvert and provides a theoretical support and practical experience for present situation and service life on existing heavy haul railway.
Integrated Simulation Test for Distortion and Failure of the Top Rock by Seismic Wave CT and Resistivity Method in Mining Workface Model
Authors: Zhang Ping Song , Li Yong Sheng , Hu Xiong Wu
Published: September 2011

The height of “two belts” for overburden distortion and failure in mining workface is very important to coal mine safety production. The height results can be gained through mine geophysical method. The geological model of 32 coal seam in 33 mining field of one mine in Huaibei is selected in the article. The model system of coal mining is formed through the technique of the indoor similar simulation, and the union test system of the bore-laneway resistivity method and seismic wave CT method is found. Through simulating mining process of workface, the distribution of the resistivity and wave velocity in the top rock of detecting field is tested and analyzed. The understanding of development regularity for the distortion and failure of top rock during mining of coal seam is obtained, and it can provide correct guidance parameters for practical production in mine. The results of integrated simulation show that the bore-laneway detecting system can give clear resistivity reaction of distortion and failure, and the seismic wave CT method can provide complete velocity distribution of rock development. The integrated system has high resolution for distortion of the top rock, and can give correct height of “two belts”. The simulating achievement is coincided with the practical detection in mine, and it is helpful to renewal and develops the theory and practice of testing technique of overburden failure in mine.
Fractal Characteristics of Motion Trace Curve of Landslide Monitoring Points
Authors: Hu Xian Ming , Yan E Chuan , Lv Kun , Zhang Ting Ting
Published: September 2011

According to the analysis of the landslide monitoring data, it is revealed that the amount of the cumulative displacement of the landslide depends on the monitoring cycle. And the trajectory curve of monitoring point has the fractal characteristics. The fractal dimension of the landslide internal points’ movement direction is various with the landslide development, which is decreased from the generation to the deformation and then to the damage. Meanwhile, based on the fractal boxing counting theorem, the program in Matlab is created to calculate the box dimension of the curve. Take a reviving landslide in Three-Gorge as an example, the fractal dimensions of the surface GPS monitoring points’ trajectory curves from 2007 to 2009 are obtained, and the dimension of each point is close to 1. The result indicates that this landslide is in the plastic deformation stage. It is the same with the landslide actual deformation. Therefore, the fractal theory has a great significance in the effective use of the monitoring data, the reorganization of the evolving stage and the prediction of the deformation trend for the landslide.
Engineering Loess Landslides Types and some Research Thoughts
Authors: Tang Dong Qi , Peng Jian Bing
Published: September 2011

With the rapid economic development of loess area, engineering loess landslides have become a serious danger to loess area people. It is an important engineering geological problem. Through making classify narrate to the harmful of engineering loess landslides. The main effects of engineering loess landslides are divided into four types. First type is human water activity cause loess landslides. Second is load and unload activities cause the loess landslides. Third is mechanical vibration effect inducing loess landslide. Fourth, loess landslides are induced by underground mining activities. Presents the performance characteristics and take conceive of engineering loess landslides to further research advances.
Research on Overlying Strata Movement and Deformation under the Conditions of Shortwall and Longwall Mining
Authors: Li Kuo , Zhang Yong Bo
Published: September 2011

We simulate the rock’s movement and defoemation process in the coal mining, and research the overlying strata movement and deformation under the conditions of shortwall and longwall mining. The conclusion of the experiment indicates: with the method of double deck mining, the rock’s damage level in caving layer is more serious, the final subsidence curve presents a tooth geometry. The subsidence curve of fissure and flexure zone is simily with the longwall mining condition.
Risk Analysis of Shrink and Expansion for Expansive Soils and Improved Expansive Soils in the Xinqiao Airport Runway of Hefei
Authors: Wang Ming Wu , Qin Shuai , Hua Peng
Published: September 2011

Risk analysis of shrinking and swelling of expansive soils and improved expansive soils with lime (IESL) for airport runway projection is a complex uncertainty problem. To select the rational foundation treatment plan and ensure the safe operation of runway, herein combined with the features of expansive soils in the runway area of Xinqiao international airport of Hefei, a novel risk analysis method was proposed to classify shrinkage and swell of expansive soils and IESLs by means of coupling set pair analysis with stochastic simulation of triangular fuzzy numbers. A function of six elements connection number was introduced to depict hierarchy and fuzziness of membership between the evaluation sample and the classification standard. Moreover, triangular fuzzy numbers simulated by a stochastic simulation method were presented to specify the component coefficients of discrepancy degree. Then a risk analysis model was described to calculate reliable degree corresponding to a confidence interval. Finally, comparisons of shrinkage and swell for foundation treatment plans of different lime content were conducted. The results will provide basis for the risk design and risk management of runway project on the expansive soils.
Simulation on Strain Softening of over-Consolidated Clayey Soil by Binary Medium Model
Authors: Hong Yong
Published: September 2011

This paper attempts to simulate the stress-strain relations of Pontida silty clay under triaxial tests in accordance with the latest theory of geotechnical nonlinear deformation analysis-breakage mechanics of geomaterials. The result proves that the binary medium model of over-consolidated clayey soil can effectively reflect the deformation mechanism of soil mass and the brittle break phenomenon, thus possessing good suitability and effectiveness. This also lays down the foundation and provides new ways for the further discussion of establishing the elastic-plastic constitutive model of clayey soil softening properties and intensity attenuation effects with the consideration of large shear displacement.
A Study on the Formation Mechanism and Preventive Measures of Coal-Mining Ground Fissures in the South-West of Pingyao
Authors: Zhou Chang Song , Zheng Xiu Qing , Zheng Li Yuan , Wei Xiao Ou
Published: September 2011

According to the basic characteristics of geological environment in Pingyao mining area, we analyzed the relationship between coal mining and the ground fissure disasters in recent years. The result shows that the mine goaf is the essential factor for the formation of ground fissure, and the precipitation and groundwater drainage accelerates its development. Based on a systematic analysis of classification of goaf as well as the distribution characteristics and the formation mechanism of ground fissure, we found that the ground fissure in this area is non-tectonic, and thus proposed corresponding prevention and control measures. Research results would provide basis for the improvement of local environmental conditions and the control of geological disasters.
The Computerized Simulation Software Development of the Bidirectional Pneumatic Hammer
Authors: Xiong Qing Shan , Ye Yong Sheng , Liu Shuang Liang , Li Jia , Kong Fan Jiu
Published: September 2011

During the construction for solving geological hazard of landslide, there often existed the accidents of sticking pipe and burying drilling caused by borehole collapse. It resulted that drilling tool couldn’t be pulled out, and scraped the drilling tool and borehole. So it was necessary to research a kind of pneumatic hammer which could realize drilling at normal work, and push out the drilling tool by reverse impact when the formation collapse caused sticking pipe and bury drilling. In order to research profoundly the pneumatic hammer work mechanism and describe piston movement laws in detail, physical model was established according to the actual conditions, finite difference method was adopted, thermodynamics and kinematics were applied. Using object-oriented programming, the bidirectional pneumatic hammer software was developed whose integrated development environment was VB. The software could calculate acceleration, velocity, displacement, pressure, temperature of the front and back air chamber at any time and the operating performance parameters of the pneumatic hammer. Not only the bidirectional pneumatic hammer, but also the unidirectional pneumatic DTH hammer and the no-dig impactor were designed by the software.
Study on Blasting Propagation at Great Depth
Authors: Chen Wen Tao , Wang De Rong , Qian Yue Hong , Li Jie
Published: September 2011

The elasticity cavity swelling is investigated, and based on equivalent loading and elastic wave theory, blasting propagation model at great depth is established. Using the potential functions which is equal to different boundary conditions, a transformation rule between velocity field and stress field is given. The result shows that for the same stress condition, the particle’s velocity is smaller, the reason for which is that the factors influencing the magnitude of this difference are the propagation distance and speed. Through the stress field attenuation analyses under shock wave loading, variable attenuation of spherical wave field is r-1at least. At the beginning of the medium’s movement, the circumferential stress is tensile stress, and then turns into compressive stress. The tensile stress may cause radial cracks. The shearing stress is the decreasing function of r/R0in the area from seismic source to elastic wave front.
MR Damper Semiactive Control for Bridge under Multi-Support Seismic Excitation
Authors: Li Zheng Ying , Dang Peng Peng , Mu De Jian
Published: September 2011

For vibration control of long-span arch bridges under multi-support seismic excitation, this paper presents schemes of control to seismic responses of arch bridges with Magneto-Rheological dampers(MRD). In the semi-active control system of arch bridge-MRD, Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG)-based Sign function control algorithm is used to command MRD，and traveling wave effects on the responses of structure are considered. The Nimu arch bridge is used as a simulation example to verify the proposed control scheme. Numerical results show that traveling wave effects have no unfavorable influence on the control to response of arch bridge.
Study on Seismic Behavior of Steel & Concrete Hybrid Structure
Authors: Song Qiang , Zhang Yong , Xu Yong
Published: September 2011

Seismic behavior of the steel & concrete hybrid structure is studied by Sap2000, including modal analysis, response spectrum analysis and time-history analysis. Also, a simplified calculation model of the steel & concrete hybrid structure is established, and some formulae have been derived from this model, such as the natural frequency, top displacement, shear of both the core tube and the steel frame, on the basis of finite element method of bar system. Those formulae can be used to explain and approximately count the seismic response of steel & concrete hybrid structure.
Recent Advances in Gravelly Soils Liquefaction Evaluation
Authors: Hou Long Qing , Li Ai Fei , Xu Hong Mei , He Chun Feng , Hu Peng
Published: September 2011

Many gravelly soils liquefied cases history especially in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake warn that loose to moderate density of gravels have much potential to liquefy under a given earthquake shaking. The large diameter triaxial apparatus is a relative feasible means to explore the liquefaction mechanism of gravelly soils to some extent. Becker penetration test (BPT) could be droved hrough gravelly soils layer, but BPT was not directly correlated with field behavior. Because of a wider range of grain sizes than those reported from previous earthquakes, gravels characteristics liquefied in the Wenchuan earthquake are representative and universal. The gravels liquefaction evaluation method developed from the Wenchuan earthquake should be feasible for worldwide use. The recent and ongoing developments in gravels liquefaction was highlighted
Research Review of Seismic Failure Mode of Abutment and Influence on Deck Fall-Off
Authors: Li Xiao Li , Li Dong Liang , Wang Dong Sheng , Sun Zhi Guo
Published: September 2011

Well seismic performance of abutment were safety precondition of whole bridge. According to destroyed multi-span simple beam bridge of Wenchuan earthquake, failure modes of abutment were summarized. On the basis of correlation literature home and overseas, analysis methods of abutment seismic research were investigated. Nether factors should be take into account : soil-abutment interaction, abutment stiffness, bridge span number, pier’s force-displacement curve , bearing stiffness and etc.. Interspace model of seismic analysis were constituted and nonlinear time history adopted, so mechanism of abutment failure modes(strength failure, whole slide and admixture failure )was obtained. Control variables between beam and abutment were discussed. Those variables were keys of research influence on fall-off by abutment failure.
The Energy – Based Seismic Response Analysis Method of Arch Bridge
Authors: Yu Hui Jun , Liu Ai Rong , Yu Qi Cai
Published: September 2011

This paper adopts the energy method to construct a MDOF’s (Multi-degree-of-freedom) seismic energy response equation of a deck-arch bridge, from which the impact of different pier height and reinforcement ratio on distribution patterns of energy under the E2 seismic effect are studied . The results show that total input energy, hysteretic energy and damping energy increase with increasing pier height, displaying a linear trend. However, the growth rate of damping energy is smaller than that of total input energy and hysteretic energy. The arch bridge’s total input energy and hysteretic energy decrease with increasing reinforcement ratio, displaying a linear trend, while damping energy first decreases and then increases, displaying a parabolic trend.
Analysis on Energy-Consumption and Earthquake-Mitigation for a High-Rise Building Set Metal Yield Dampers
Authors: Wang Gui Xuan , Wang Yu , Zhao Jie
Published: September 2011

Based on the mechanical properties of metal yield damper, high-rise residential building is implemented elastic-plastic response analysis for structure by using the nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis method under the effect of M8-class strong earthquake ,and judge performance level of structure and component. According to the elastic-plastic analysis results, put forward the improvement proposal for design to make the structure have the better resistance performance against the earthquake.
The Time History Analysis of the Frame Structure Component Considering Torsion Component of Earthquake
Authors: Xu Jin , Li Pin , Xu Dong Qiang
Published: September 2011

In this paper, both 一-shaped and L-shaped reinforced concrete frame structures are established in ANSYS, and then，the one-way seismic waves, bi-directional seismic waves and two-way plus torsion seismic wave are respectively input to the both of frame structural model, and carried out the torsion angle displacement analysis. Simulations show that: in both frame structures, the torsion angle of column under multidimensional seismic waves is around 20 % greater than it under the one-way seismic wave and corner column is particularly obvious, so we should considered multi-dimensional effects of the earthquake and pay attention to strengthening corner column in seismic design. And the torsion angle of asymmetric structure and increasing rate of it are about 2% larger than the corresponding symmetry structure. So we should pay attention to the torsion effect of irregular structure.
The Comparative Numerical Experiments of Frequency Features for Earthquake Responds in Liquefiable Field and Elastic Field
Authors: He Jian Ping , Chen Wei Zhong
Published: September 2011

The natural frequency characteristics of field has the remarkable influence to the field acceleration response. This paper realized the free field liquefaction numerical simulation experiment based on the Finn model, simultaneously performed the elastic field acceleration response comparative experiment, and has studied the acceleration response frequency features question of liquefiable field. The results indicated that, the acceleration response essential feature of liquefaction field is low-frequency amplification, high frequency reduction. The low-frequency amplification effect is higher than the high frequency reduction effect obviously. The acceleration is amplified in early time and is weakened in later period during the liquefaction process. The acceleration amplification in liquefiable field is remarkable for inputting low frequency waves, the acceleration response is 13 times to input value. Elastic fields also have “low-frequency amplification, high-frequency deflation features”, However, this feature of elastic field is not significant as liquefiable field. At the lower position of liquefiable field acceleration amplification is the largest, at the surface of elastic field acceleration amplification is maximum. The underground structure seismic design in liquefiable field was carried on as in the conventional elastic field, then caused the underground structure to be at the dangerous condition. Researching results will provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the dynamic analysis of underground structures passing through liquefaction soil layer.
Verification of Current CPT-Based Liquefaction Evaluation Method by Bachu Earthquake Data
Authors: Li Zhao Yan , Cao Zhen Zhong , Yuan Xiao Ming
Published: September 2011

Cone Penetration Test (CPT) has been conducted at 39 liquefied and non-liquefied sites following the Xinjiang Bachu Ms6.8 earthquake. The current CPT-based liquefaction evaluation method, including Chinese code method, the Robertson method and the Olsen method, was verified by those 39 field test data. The results show that the success verification ratio of Chinese code method, the Robertson method and the Olsen method are relative low by using Bachu earthquake data. Many observed liquefied sites were predicted as non-liquefaction sites, which indicate it is progressive to apply those three methods at Bachu area. The characteristic of soils retrieved from Bachu area is quite differ from that of other areas. An appropriate local method of liquefaction evaluation in Xinjiang region should be developed.
Determination, Derivation, Influence and Discussions of Parameters for Deformation Analyses with Duncan-Chang Modified E-B Model
Authors: Liu Han Peng , Wang Dong Yuan , Ma Zhi Jun
Published: September 2011

This paper presents a study on influence of model parameters on deformation analyses with Duncan-Chang Modified Nonlinear Stress-strain (E-B) model for an ore mining tailings located in Chengde, Hebei Province of China. How to determine and derive these parameters from the laboratory experimental results was introduced first. Findings from numerical analyses performed with Midas GTS indicate that model parameters K and n most significantly affect the vertical and horizontal deformation respectively. Based on the analysis, the accuracy and effectiveness of these parameters were discussed further. Principles of the model and the parameter derivations suggest the model and parameters work better for small strain cases, hence model parameters shall be better determined with laboratory tests with low confining pressures or using new apparatus to measure small strain behavior of soil to ensure analysis results reliable.
Application of Combination Methods to Estimating Building Separations in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Jeng Hsiang
Published: September 2011

The combination method implied in the formula used to evaluate the building separation to avoid seismic pounding in current Taiwan Building Code (TBC) is the absolute sum (ABS) method. However, it was demonstrated that the ABS method is not satisfactory. In this study, the seismic pounding risk of buildings is used as an indicator to demonstrate the validity of application of various combination methods to the formula in the pounding related provisions of TBC. The result shows that the building separations based on these combination methods generally provide relatively conservative estimate due to an overestimate property line setback.
Transverse Response of Underwater Shield Tunnel to Incident P Waves
Authors: Ma Hong Wei , Chen Wen Hua
Published: September 2011

In this paper, the seismic response of underwater shield tunnel to incident P waves is investigated by using the Fourier-Bessel series expansion method. On the basis of the exact analytical solution, it is studied that the seismic response of the system which is made up of tunnel lining structure, underwater soil and water. The influence that water depth and buried depth of shield tunnel put on the seismic response of tunnel lining is given. The analytical result shows that the seismic response of tunnel lining unobvious varies with water depth change when incident P waves have a small incident angle, nevertheless, opposite conclusion appears when oblique incident P waves have a big incident angle. At a certain incident angle, the seismic response of tunnel increases with the increasing of the water depth; and the seismic response decreases with the increasing of the buried depth of underwater tunnel.
A Practical Numerical Method for Earthquake-Induced Horizontal Displacement of Submarine Slope
Authors: Shao Guang Biao
Published: September 2011

Earthquake shakes the soil and induces modulus softening and liquefaction of non-cohesive soil, which causes instability of the slope. A practical numerical method is proposed for predicting large deformation and horizontal displacement of submarine gentle slope due to earthquake. The new method take normal wave loads as pseudo-static steady pressure and initial excess pore water pressure. Using 2-D nonlinear effective stress finite element method, dynamic response and liquefaction analysis are conducted with an infinite submarine slope model. Regarding the seismic motion of soil skeleton as process of softening gradually, softened soil modulus is attained during earthquake. Deformation analysis is performed with the modulus of liquefied and softened soil and the process of lateral movement is obtained. Compared with other related researches, the proposed method shows that gives reasonable results for the conditions indicated. The influences of non-liquefied surface layer, liquefied layer thickness and slope angle on horizontal displacement are studied by series of cases.
Strength Degradation and Energy Dissipation of Stainless Steel Reinforced Concrete Columns
Authors: Zhang Guo Xue , Wang Chang Wei , Zhang Zhi Hao
Published: September 2011

Three specimens with ribbed stainless steel rebar and one specimen with ribbed ordinary steel rebar are tested concerning the strength degradation and energy dissipation of stainless steel reinforced concrete columns. The tests results indicate that the damage of the specimens exhibit ductile failure characteristics, and the reinforced concrete columns with stainless steel rebar damage to a lesser extent, appear good ductility and energy dissipation. The strength degradation of stainless steel reinforced column with high axial compression ratio is quite obvious, and with the increasing of the stirrup ratio of column with stainless steel rebar, the strength of column is enhanced.
Influence of Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction on Fundamental Period for Frame Structures
Authors: Lu Hua Xi , Jiang Hai Feng , Liang Ping Ying , Wu Bi Tao
Published: September 2011

By using of the approximate value of T proposed in FEMA450, the equations of the approximate effective fundamental period are derived for circular mat foundations supported at the surface, embedded foundations of circular shape and embedded foundations of arbitrary shapes, respectively. It is found that the limit values of of Veletsos are not uniform, and excessive for structures with h/r > 9, but too small for embedded deeply foundations. In this paper the uniform limit value of is 1.10 for all structures, and the conditions of consideration of SSI are given for ordinary reinforced concrete frame structures with circular mat foundations supported at the surface, embedded foundations of circular shape, and embedded foundations of arbitrary shapes, respectively.
Bridges Damage during East-Japan Earthquake on 11th March 2011
Authors: Meng Qing Li
Published: September 2011

In this paper, March 11, 2011 East-Japan Earthquake was introduced briefly, including main shock, aftershock and tsunami resulted from this earthquake. After that, the situation about bridge damage was focused; involving the bridge damage resulted from earthquake and tsunami, then some reason and preliminary findings were further suggested.
Ferromagnetic ZnO-TiO2 Core-Shell Nanowire PhotoCatalyst with High Efficiency and Recyclability
Authors: Zhang Xi , Xiang Gang
Published: September 2011

We demonstrate the design of the recyclable photocatalyst based on ferromagnetic (FM) ZnO- TiO2 core-shell nanowires (NWs). Since the band gaps and band edge energies of bulk ZnO and anatase TiO2 are equal to each other within about 45mV, TiO2 and ZnO can form an p-p+ heterojunction free of band discontinuities and with a built-in potential. The resulting radial field will increase hole density in the TiO2 layer while reduce hole concentration at the interface between the core and the shell, which in turn will decrease the rate of recombination in the photocatalytic TiO2, and hence increase the efficiency of photocatalyst. On the other hand, the NWs with FM cores can be easily collected and refreshed using solenoid and suitable for the recyclable usage of the NW catalyst
Simulation Analysis and Process Control of an Arch Bridge for Replacement of Tie Bars
Authors: Chen Si Tian , Yang Ting Ting , Wu Li Qun
Published: September 2011

The numerical simulation analysis, by using senior nonlinear finite element analysis software MSC.Marc, was achieved in this paper for the tie-replacing procedures of a steel tube tied-arch filled with concrete. Through this analysis, the control parameters were accurately determined for the installing of new ties and the removing of old ties. Results of numerical analysis ensured the bridge structure stable during the replacement, made the construction of safe and convenient, and played a guiding role in the maintenance and reinforcement. The successful experience could be referenced by other similar projects.
Time-History Analysis of Lowpylon Cable-Stayed Bridge with Moving Loads
Authors: Wang Xiao Qin , Jin Wen Cheng
Published: September 2011

Established space dynamic analysis model of nonlinear structure in accordance with the unique mechanical characteristics of Lowpylon Cable-stayed Bridge. As the Example for the program about 90+128 meters spacing lowpylon Cable-stayed Bridge of houhu in Wuhan,Simulated the whole process of automobile loading bridge ,calculated eigenvalues of moving loads. Adopted computing skills,using nonlinear supperposition theory analysed time-history and discussed the influence about vibration of transverse and longitudinal because of different velocity. The results show that the research using nonlinear supperposition method to study the dynamic response of Cable-stayed Bridge under moving load is reasonable and effective.
Measurement and Characteristics Analysis of In Situ Stress in Expanding Area of Tao’er Coal Mine
Authors: He Hu Jun , Sun Li Hui , Su Sheng Rui , Wang Shu Gang , Yang Ben Sheng
Published: September 2011

In order to fully understand and correctly evaluate the stability of overlying strata and surrounding rock, in-situ stress of south main roadway, north main roadway and bypass in shaft station of expanding area, Tao’er coal mine was tested by KX-81-style triaxial stress gauge of hollow inclusion. The test results show that tectonic stress is main in in-situ stress of expanding area, Tao’er coal mine, horizontal principal stress is westeast distribution, 31.13-27.42MPa size, 27.42°-275° direction. Each stress state is not identical, vertical stress is basically slightly less than the weight of the rock covering on unit area. Application of measuring principle of in-situ stress and analysis of field measurement provide a reliable basis for roadway support design and parameters optimization in expanding area of Tao’er coal mine, ensure safety and smooth construction of roadway.
The Numerical Simulation Research of the Deformation Character for the Soft Clay Foundation in the Unloading Condition
Authors: Tang Bin , Wang Ren , Wang Hong Xing
Published: September 2011

Abstract: The numerical simulation of the deformation character in the effect of the unloading action for the surcharge preloading in the heap preloading treated foundation in the Sixin South Road in the New District in Wuhan is done through the finite element analysis software ABAQUS according to the engineering project ,and the following conclusions are gained:(1)on the surface of the foundation, the settlement at the center is the biggest, the settlement decreases with distance from the center of the surface, ,and at about 20m away from the center, the uplift is produced ;(2)after unloading, the resilience emerges in the places where the settlement was produced, and the uplift that was produced drops too;(3)the deformation on the axle of the foundation section at the end of the loading action and that at the end of the unloading action are similar to each other;(4) in the step loading-unloading condition, the deformation curves suit well with the loading-unloading curves.