bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Terbit Fajar dan Waktu Subuh (Kajian Nash Syar’i dan Astronomi)
Authors: Zaman Qomarus
Published: February 2023

Fajr in syar’i concept is divided into two; Fajr Kazib and Fajar Shadiq. The Fajr Kazib is time to having breakfast before doing fasting and have no salah Subuh. The second is fajr Shadiq. It is time to have no having meal (because it is fasting time) and time to do salah Subuh. Fajr Kazib arises at the early morning whose the light is not bright, but it is longer to the top of East to West vertically. Then the sky comes dark like wolf tail. While Fajr Shadiq arises at the early morning whose light is bright spreading in East horizontally. It arises just before sunrise. Time between Fajr Shadiq and the sunrise is the time for salah Subuh.

In Astronomy, the word Fajr means Morning Twilight. Twilight in Astronomy is divided into three; astronomical twilight, nautical twilight and civil twilight. First, astronomical twilight is as the end of night. That is when starlight is not bright because of sunrise. The sun position is level 18 below the horizon. At that time, there ios still dark because of the sun going to rise ( an hour and 12 minutes later the sun rises). The second is nautical twilight. It looks so bright is East horizon for the sailors who are going to land. The sun position is level 12 below the horizon (48 minutes later the sun rises). The third is civil twilight. It is Fajr whose the light is so bright in which the position is level 6 below the horizon. At that time, the sunlight is so really bright, and many people do their morning activities. And then 24 minutes later the sun rises.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Perceraian di Kabupaten Indramayu Tahun 2018
Authors: Syaefullah  , Nurmahmudah
Published: February 2023

The divorce case in the Indramayu Regency Religious Court in 2018 the divorce rate is still high, the factors that cause divorce in the Indramayu Religious Court in 2018 are economic factors of 5296 cases, leaving one party 56 cases, sentenced to 36 cases, ongoing disputes 25 cases, 5 cases of gambling, 2 cases of polygamy, 2 cases of disability, domestic violence 2 Case, forced marriage of 2 cases and apostasy of 1 case. The results of the analysis of economic factors are the main causes of divorce because many husbands do not provide for their wives and children, resulting in ongoing disputes and arguments in the household. So that many wives decided to sue her husband for 5170 people, and after divorce decided to go abroad to become migrant workers.Based on data from the BP2TKI LTS in 2018 the workforce from Indramayu is still dominated by female workers totaling 13,480 people, a factor causing divorce in Indramayu also because the education level of divorce actors is still low based on statistical data from the Indramayu Religious Court in 2018 of 3296 plaintiffs / the majority of applicants were educated only to the level of elementary school graduated
Pengaruh Ketimpangan Pendapatan Suami Istri Terhadap Tingginya Kasus Cerai Gugat Di Pengadilan Agama Kelas 1B Kabupaten Ponorogo
Authors: Prasetian Dewi Arlinta , Setiawan Budi
Published: February 2023

Ponorogo is a city that has a high rate of divorce cases. From the divorce cases, the majority of submissions come from female workers who work as migrant workers, the implication is that the wife has a far greater income than her husband giving rise to a shift in the role of husband and wife which also results in a shift in rights and obligations. Although Islam allows a wife to work (in the context of helping her husband), it is expected that the husband and wife have considered together the good and bad consequences that may arise from the decision. Income gap or income inequality between husband and wife if not interpreted wisely can have an impact on the disharmony of the relationship between the two can even reach the stage of divorce. This research will explain an analyze the effect of income inequality between husbnad and wife on the high cases of divorce in Ponorogo. For that, researcher will examine this income inequality in the view of the sociology of Islamic law in the Ponorogo community in particular and driving factors the rise of female workers in Ponorogo and things that arise when the wife’s income is greater than her husband. The paradigm of this research is used a qualitative paradigm with emphasis on case studies in teh field. The result of the research stated that income inequality where the wife has a greater income than the husband is not a main problem in divorce cases, but there are other factors as a trigger such as the inability of the husband in managing finances, the wife’s takings is only for consumptive activities and even tends to spree, the interference from the husband’s family, especially in financial matters, lack of understanding of religion, and infidelity. This hiigh financial ability of the wife ultimately makes the wife dare to sue for divorce of her husband.
Reunderstanding Pemahaman Dasar Teologis Sikap Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (Telaah Isu Feminisme Hadits Laknat Allah Terhadap Istri)
Authors: Muhammad Zein Fuad , Falach Ghulam
Published: February 2023

The problem of gender equality in Islam often uses theological grounds to include the hadith proposition as a tool of legitimacy. Especially in the case of the household, the argument of curse in the relationship of husband and wife is used as the basis for accusations of obtaining domestic violence by the husband to the wife. As if Islam would allow a husband to wife’s violence if they were not willing to serve their sexual desires. This paper aims to answer these assumptions by analyzing the argument of the curse by using the method of critical criticism from the perspective of language or can also be called the bayani method, namely the method of analyzing the meaning of meaning in the argument of fiqh law. The result is that there is an error in understanding the meaning of the hadith caused by a weakness in understanding the meaning in Arabic which is the language of the hadith. Therefore, finally bring conclusions that are less proportional in understanding the propositions and facts. The hadith is a guide for all Muslims and there is no need for doubt in the study of hadith. The development of the modern era certainly has its own influence, especially in the scientific field of hadith. As Muslims of course we are all required to be able to fight in all fields, especially in the field of hadith science. The theoretical uptake and applied form of the Fatima Mernissi methodology of thought have created an important issue to study. His action in terms of knowledge has given rise to new problems for the hadith scientists in the field of feminism. This research aims to examine how the forms of hadiths are based on Fatima Mernissi’s ideas and thoughts. The problem of misogynist traditions is a form of contemporary research that must be discussed, especially regarding the reconstruction of understanding of misogynistic traditions. Few things are important in the study of misogynistic traditions, where the existence of this hadith has created problems for making new facts in the world of feminism. The new fact is nothing but the formation of new weapons in terminating the acceptance or rejection of the hadith. Furthermore, the discussion of this research will be accompanied by the tarjih method in order to arrive at the correct conclusions. Whether the misogynistic hadiths are hadiths that show that Islam discriminates against women or not. The purpose of this study is none other than a study for proving that misogynistic hadiths are not an expression of the hadith denied by Fatima Mernissi to the Muslims’ grip which is expressed in the Qur’an and al-Hadith.
حقوق الملكية الفكرية وتحدياتها في الفقه الإسلامي
Authors: Wahab Ahmad Khalil Abdul
Published: February 2023

Contemporary life throws a number of new problems that need to be highlighted and clarified its legality, including Intellectual Property Rights. They were rights that appear in European societies, and then dealt with in the Islamic countries, so ulama’ and researches try to find out their legality. This research attempts to uncover the reality of intellectual property rights and their challenges in Islamic jurisprudence. The research reaches several results, the most important of which is that Islamic jurisprudence considers this kind of rights as a right and treasure that may be given and owned, attacking it is considered a punishable crime, and the intellectual property may be copied for personal use.
Hegemoni Pluralitas Hukum Terhadap UU No. 01 Tahun 1974 (Studi Supremasi dan Legalitas Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia)
Authors: Mohsi
Published: February 2023

Legal plurality is an indisputable part of the concept of Indonesian statehood, including the construction of marriage law. The pluralism of marriage law in Law No. 01 of 1974 is proof that the marriage law adhered to in the Indonesian legal system still refers to the pluralism and diversity system. This research will examine the plurality of marriage law from the legality aspect which has implications for its legal status, between imperative and facultative. This study uses a statute approach with an emphasis on the concept of law and legal legislation. This research concludes that the plurality of kwainan law in Law Number 01 of 1974 is a necessity in a multicultural country, because the existence of this law aims to accommodate and integrate existing laws on this Bhineka earth.
Analisa Terhadap Konsep Nafkah Terhadap Ketahanan Pangan Keluarga Islam Atas Wabah Covid-19 Di Kelurahan Tinalan Kota Kediri (Ditinjau Dari Maqashidi Syariah Perspektif Al-Syatibi)
Authors: Nurmahmudah  , Aris Setiawan Dicky
Published: February 2023

The world is in a significant economic crisis in various countries caused by the emergence of the 2019-nCoV(Novel Coronavirus).This pandemic not only attacking human lives also caused a crisis in the country’seconomy.This can be seen significantly in household life, especially in Tinalan Village which in fact is positivelyaffected by corona.The government’s regulation on the handling of the 2019-nCoV is the implementation ofthe PSBB (Large-Scale Social Restrictions), directly demands that all community activities be recommended tobe implemented in the home.Thus, with the emergence of the 2019-nCoV is hampering the regional economyas well as the household economy, one of them is household food security.This is factored by monthly income,family members, and monthly expenses in one house.This study will examine how the concept of living onfood security of Islamic families sees the phenomenon of the Covid-19, specifically by the Islamic family ofTinalan Village, Kediri city by reviewing from the sharia maqashidi al-Syatibi perspective. A total of 160respondents were selected as research samples in March to May 2020 to be reviewed according to the contextof the study. The people of Tinalan Village understand this situation, so they adapt to the governance of theirhousehold spending expenditures.This is in accordance with the principles of marriage prescribed by Islamand reaffirmed in al-Syatibi’s maqashidi shari’ah.
Wali Hakim dalam Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah (Studi Kasus terhadap Perwalian Nikah di Kabupaten Jombang)
Authors: Lutfi Ridlo Moh
Published: February 2023

In Islam, marriage is a sacred stage and is clearly regulated religion. One of them is the presence of guardian judges in marriage, although, in its application to differences of opinion among scholars, its presence in the wedding ceremony is a must. This paper tries to describe the position of guardian judges in marriage from the perspective of maslahah mursalah by using a qualitative descriptive approach. The author tries to present the problem of marriage in the Jombang Regency area and presents data based on a theoretical framework so that a complete conclusion can be drawn. The results of this study are that in several marriage problems in Jombang Regency, the Guardian Judge is one of the solutions for the benefit of the bride whose guardian does not meet the requirements for marriage.
Memahami Konflik Keluarga melalui Pendekatan Sosiologi Hukum Islam (Studi Lapangan di Pengadilan Agama Kota Kediri)
Authors: Wardani Ach. Khiarul Waro
Published: February 2023

Socially, the family is the smallest community in society which is formed through a legal engagement (marriage), as well as according to Islamic law. With the formation of a family, what inevitably happens is the emergence of family conflicts which can arise from internal (family) and can also be external (outside parties) as happened in the City of Kediri, with as many as 325 cases of family conflicts that ended in lawsuits for divorce or divorce only in a relatively short period of time, namely the last 6 months in 2022. Understanding the conflicts that occur in the family aims to avoid the general societal stigma that conflict is something negative, even though there are positive things from conflict if you take lessons from conflict such as being aware of each other's shortcomings and being able to open to each other. Therefore, according to the author, the Sociology of Islamic Law is the right approach to use in understanding conflict in the family. By understanding the Sociology of Islamic Law, the rules for fostering a family will be understood by every member of the family, such as the rules that Allah SWT stipulates in QS. A-Rum: 21, QS. At-Tahrim: 6 and so on. The method used in this study uses a qualitative research approach the type used in this research is a type of field research or field, it can also be said as empirical or sociological research. In conclusion, as far as we all know, the stigma of conflict is something bad, of course, this is not the case if we look at it from the other side (social and Islamic law). An understanding of life, namely sociology, and Islamic law to resolve all family conflicts is the most important part to be known together to realize dreams in the family, namely sakinah mawaddah warohmah.
Effect of plastic deformation, heat treatment and electron irradiation on structural-phase state of Cu – 40 аt. % Pd alloy
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Simakov S. V. , Vinogradova N. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Ashmarin A. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Mikhajlova A. B. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Nikitushkina O. N. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Starostin E. E. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Tovtin V. I. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS
Published: February 2023

Effect of plastic deformation, heat treatment, and electron irradiation on the structural-phase state of Cu – 40 at. % Pd is studied. X-ray phase analysis of initial samples, samples obtained by rolling up to 0.2 mm, samples annealed after rolling in an argon atmosphere at 950 °C for 1 h, and samples irradiated by high-energy electron in air at temperature of 300 °C was carried out. A change in the phase composition of the samples after rolling was found: ~ 6 % of the ordered β-phase with bcc structure was formed, which disappears after annealing. As a result of irradiation, a layer of copper oxide CuO formed on the surface of the alloy, which under normal thermal conditions is formed at a temperatures of 400 – 500 °C, and the reflections of the ordered β-phase also disappeared in the near-surface layer. The elemental composition of the alloy changed in depth from the irradiated metal surface. Phases with a low degree of long-range order and an increased content of palladium were formed. The presence of these phases is due mainly to the selective oxidation of copper.
Electrodeposition of calcium phosphate coatings in polyvinyl alcohol
Authors:   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Doroshenko A. E. , Krut’ko V. K. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Musskaya O. N. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Rabchinsky S. M. ,   Belarusian State University, Kulak A. I. ,   Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Published: February 2023

Brushite coatings were obtained on titanium by the method of electrochemical deposition from Ca(NO3)2/NH4H2PO4 electrolyte at Ca/P = 1.67, pH = 4 and a constant voltage of 15 V or a current density of 20 mA/cm2 for 20 min. In a medium of 0.01 – 0.10 % polyvinyl alcohol at a constant voltage of 15 V, are deposited single-phase brushite or monetite coatings are deposited. The addition of 0.01 – 0.10 % polyvinyl alcohol into the electrolyte during deposition at a constant current density of 20 mA/cm2 leads to the formation of composite calcium phosphate coatings containing brushite, calcium hydroxide and calcium phosphate of the apatite structure. The bioactivity of calcium phosphate coatings was confirmed by the formation of apatites during their soaking in the Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). Amorphized apatite formed on brushite coatings during 2 weeks soaking in SBF crystallizes into β-tricalcium phosphate after heat treatment. The apatite formed on the composite coating in the SBF crystallizes into a composition of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate. The resulting bioactive calcium phosphate coatings can be used as biocoatings to enhance osseointegration of titanium implants.
The effect of Mn2+ on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZrO2 – Al2O3 – SiO2 ceramic materials
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Obolkina T. O. , Goldberg M. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Smirnov S. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Antonova O. S. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Utkin D. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Khairutdinova D. R. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Konovalov A. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Kochanov G. P. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Barinov S. M. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS, Komlev V. S. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of RAS
Published: February 2023

In this article, we studied the influence of Mn2+ on the properties (on the phase composition, porosity, microstructure, three-point bending strength and microhardness) and sintering of the ZrO2 – Al2O3 – SiO2 composite ceramic materials. The ZrO2 – Al2O3 – SiO2 ceramic powder containing 2,5 wt.% Al2O3 and 0,5 wt.% SiO2 with 24,7 m2/g specific area was synthesized through co-precipitation method. Three concentrations of Mn2+ are considered: 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mol%. The introduction of Mn2+ leads to a significant increase in mechanical properties. The samples sintered at 1250 and 1300 °C for 2 hours. The highest value of strength at three-point bending 761 ± 36 MPa and microhardness 9.5 ± 0.5 GPa was characterized by the material of the composition ZrO2 – Al2O3 – SiO2 containing 0.75 mol.% Mn2+ sintered at 1300 °С. The crack resistance of this material was 7.0 MPa·m1/2. At the same time, the highest values of crack resistance 9.3 ± 0.5 MPa·m1/2 were shown by materials of the composition ZrO2 – Al2O3 – SiO2 containing 0.75 mol. % Mn2+ sintered at 1250 °C.
Waterjet cutting of permanent magnets from Fe – Co – Ni – Cu – Al – Ti alloys
Authors:   Vladimir State University named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletov, Belyaev I. V. , Zaytsev N. M. ,   Vladimir State University named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletov, Rudnitsky Yu. V. ,   JSC NGO Magneton
Published: February 2023

The possibility of waterjet cutting of permanent magnets of the Fe – Co – Ni – Cu – Al – Ti system was investigated. The OMAX 555 JetMachining Center XX waterjet cutting machine was used. Permanent magnet blanks intended for cutting had a thickness of 2 and 5 mm. The cutting process was carried out in air. The cutting speed varied between 50 – 250 mm/min. The magnetic properties of the studied workpieces were measured before and after waterjet cutting by recording demagnetization curves. Changes in the chemical and phase composition of the studied alloys were evaluated by X-ray fluorescence and X-ray phase analysis. It was found that permanent magnets 2 – 5 mm thick can be cut without causing any mechanical damage to their surface. At the same time, the chemical and phase composition of the permanent magnet material practically does not change. The magnetic properties of permanent magnets do not decrease or even increase. The thickness of the cut is not more than 0.5 mm. Cutting modes can be optimized for workpieces of different thicknesses.
ANALISIS PENGARUH FAKTOR SITUASIONAL TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MASYARAKAT MENABUNG DI BANK SYARIAH KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Inayah Nurul
Published: February 2023

Saving is an activity to set aside some of the money they have to keep. People's decision to save occurs based on internal factors, external factors and situational factors. The research was aimed to analyze the customer’s saving decision at sharia bank based on situational factors. This study uses a quantitative approach with Multiple Linear Regression analysis using Eviews version 8 software. The results show that there is a relationship between bank services on saving decisions and bank physical objects on saving decisions if partially reviewed. Likewise, it is also examined simultaneously the influence of bank services and bank physical objects on saving decisions. Therefore, improving services and the availability of convenient physical object facilities by banks is highly recommended to increase the interest and motivation to save the public. This can be a step to accelerate marketing for Islamic banks in increasing the number of customers.
PENERAPAN AKAD MUDHARABAH MUQAYYADAH PADA BANK SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Syarvina Wahyu
Published: February 2023

Mudharabah Muqayyadah is a form of cooperation between shahibul mal and mudharib, where mudharib is limited by limitations on the type of business, time or place of business. Fatwa of the National Sharia Council (DSN) on the method of income smoothing of third party funds DSN Fatwa No. 87 / DSN-MUI / XII / 2012 states that in the case of a Mudharabah Muqayyadah contract, a reserve fund (PER) may also be formed through an allowance for the benefit of a customer's right that exceeds the rate of return projected after being shared with the DPK customer's permission. In this contract shahibul mal and mudarib are asked to trust each other, where shahibul mal does not receive guarantees from mudharib and mudarib to run a business in accordance with the terms and conditions of shahibul mal. The risk that the bank avoids is the risk of problematic financing, there is a sense of concern that mudarib will take the money away. Especially because mudarib does not need to provide guarantees in this case, the losses borne by the bank are getting bigger. In the Mudharabah Muqayyadah contract, the bank finds it difficult to implement it based on the shahibul mall not only one person and each customer has different desires, terms and opinions.
ANALISIS PROGRAM BANTUAN STIMULAN PERUMAHAN SWADAYA (BSPS) DALAM MENYEDIAKAN RUMAH LAYAK HUNI DI KELURAHAN BEROHOL KECAMATAN BAJENIS KOTA TEBING TINGGI
Authors: Herlina Dewi , M. Nawawi Zuhrinal , Anggraini Tuti
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the implementation of Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance (BSPS) in providing livable houses in Berohol Village, Bajenis District, Tebing Tinggi City. Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance (BSPS) is a government facility in the form of stimulant assistance for the construction / improvement of housing quality provided to low-income people. Low-Income Communities (MBR) are people who have limited purchasing power so they need government support to get a decent house to live in. Self-Help Housing are houses built on the initiative and efforts of the community, either individually or in groups. This type of research is a descriptive qualitative research. In collecting research data using interview techniques, observation, and documentation using informants as a source of information. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the Self-Help Housing Stimulant Assistance Program in providing Liveable Homes in Berohol Village, Bajenis District, Tebing Tinggi City has not been optimal. Including the distribution of BSPS that has not been on target, lack of participation and public awareness and lack of knowledge about the BSPS program. In addition, in the development stage, it should be carried out cooperatively with fellow groups that have been determined but in reality it is still done individually. Researchers also see that the implementors in the implementation of the BSPS Program in Kelurahan Berohol still do not have firmness because they still allow the community to work individually. Even though they understand what the concept and purpose of the BSPS program actually is.
PROPAGATION OF GASEOUS DETONATIONS IN PLANAR CURVED RECTANGULAR CHANNELS
Authors:   Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., FOTIA M. L. , HOKE J. ,   Innovative Scientific Solutions Inc., OLSON A. J. ,   University of Dayton, SCHUMAKER 3 S. A. ,   Air Force Research Laboratory
Published: February 2023

The propagation of gaseous detonations through curved channels has a number of practical engineering applications that range from combustion initiation concepts to informing the design of rotating detonation engines. Understanding the failure mechanisms that do not allow a steadily propagating cellular detonation to traverse a curved segment of channel leads directly into these applications. Laboratory experiments on a scale relevant to an air-breathing rotating detonation combustor are not currently available and it is the goal of this work to examine the interplay between the radius of curvature, channel width, and detonation cell size of a particular propellant mixture at these scales. Through addressing the more fundamental question of the mechanisms leading to detonation suppression in curved rectangular cross-section channels, development of detonation-driven combustion technology can begin to transition from the laboratory to fielded applications.
DETONATION STRUCTURES IN A SUPERSONIC ANNULAR RAMJET CHAMBER
Authors:   M. A. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science (LIH SB RAS), TROTSYUK A. V.
Published: February 2023

The results of a systematic study of the structures and flow regimes with an oblique detonation wave (ODW) in an annular ramjet straight-flow detonation chamber (DC) of a new type have been presented. In the combustor with a new design, detonation burning of the reacting mixture is organized by using a compression body shaped as a continuous monofilar spiral with a constant pitch angle. Numerical simulations are performed for a supersonic flow of a stoichiometric hydrogen–air mixture with Mach number M0=3 and 5 at the combustor entrance. A mathematical model of the reacting flow in the combustor is developed in a two-dimensional (2D) unsteady formulation. The flow dynamics for the two different operation start types of DC and the final structure of the steady flow in the combustor are numerically studied. Various geometric parameters of the DC are considered (length, radius, and spiral pitch angle). A bifurcation of the steady flow structures with respect to the initial conditions of combustor start is detected for some combinations of the DC geometric parameters.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE COMPACTION EFFECT DURING THE SHOCK WAVE–PARTICLE LAYER INTERACTION
Authors:   Institute for Computer Aided Design Russian Academy of Sciences, POROSHYNA YA. E. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, UTKIN P. S. ,   Institute for Computer Aided Design Russian Academy of Sciences,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Published: February 2023

The work presents the results of numerical simulation of the experiment (Gelfand, B. E., et al. 1989. Archivum Combustionis) on the interaction of a shock wave (SW) with a particle layer near the impermeable wall. The mathematical model is based on the solution of Baer–Nunziato (BN) system of equations and takes into account compaction of the solid phase of particles. The numerical algorithm is based on the Godunov method with the pressure relaxation procedure for the stable computation of explicit interfacial boundaries. The shape of the pressure curve obtained on the wall under particle layer is explained from the point of view of wave processes in the layer. A quantitative comparison of the experimental and simulated pressure curves is carried out. Parametric studies of the influence of compaction law parameters on the simulation results are conducted. The simulation results are quantitatively compared with the calculations (Kutushev, A. G., and D. A. Rudakov. 1993. J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phy.) performed using the equations of R. I. Nigmatulin. Differences in the results using two models of two-phase flow are discussed.
MULTIDIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS AND TEST FIRES OF A HYDROGEN-FUELED RAMJET WITH AN ANNULAR DETONATIVE COMBUSTOR AT APPROACHING AIR FLOW OF MACH 2 AND 1.5
Authors:   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, IVANOV V.S. ,   Federal State Institution “Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, FROLOV S.M. ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Federal State Institution “Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences”,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), AKSENOV V.S.1,3,  ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), GUSEV P.A.1,  ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, SHAMSHIN I.O. ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Federal State Institution “Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, ZANGIEV A.E. ,   N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ZVEGINTSEV V.I. ,   S. A. Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

The conceptual design of a hydrogen-fueled dual-duct detonation ramjet (DR) of a new type for a cruising flight speed of Mach 2 at sea level is developed using multivariant three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of the operation process. The possibility of arranging the continuous-detonation (rotating or longitudinally pulsating) combustion of hydrogen in an expanding annular combustor of the DR is proved for the first time. The calculated effective thrust of such a DR is shown to become positive at M = 1.3, i. e., the startup Mach number for such a DR can be lower than M = 2.0 which is typical for ramjets operating on continuous-deflagration combustion. A DR demonstrator is designed and manufactured. Its test fires are performed in a pulsed wind tunnel (WT) at free air jet Mach numbers M = 2.0 and 1.5. The most important result of test fires is the experimental proof of the possibility of arranging stable continuous-detonation combustion of hydrogen in the DR of the developed design at both Mach numbers.
SUPERSONIC ARGON FLOW PARAMETERS IN AN ARCJET THRUSTER
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, GORBUNKOV V.I. , SHALAY V.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, PUSTOVOI N.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University
Published: February 2023

The small closed volume occupied by cold gas plasma is a feature of the orbit-correction propulsion systems of spacecraft (PSSC). When determining the kinetic parameters of the working fluid flow in the arcjet and argon is selected as the process gas, the most important characteristic is the gas temperature. The well-known statement about the adiabatic nature of the compression process due to an increase in temperature suggests that the compression process is a source of natural gas oscillations and is of paramount importance for establishing the Boltzmann distribution of excited atoms over energy levels. In the Boltzmann approximation, using the methods of emission spectroscopy, the temperature of the working gas in the PSSC was obtained which made it possible to determine the effective flow rate of argon and the corresponding speed of sound. The values of the kinetic parameters of the supersonic argon flow in the arcjet made it possible to substantiate the results of recording the frequency of oscillations of the arc voltage of the PSSC discharge chamber in the Helmholtz resonator mode near fH= 6.25 kHz. It is shown that the length of the discharge chamber in the approximation of a partially open resonator can be of decisive importance in finding the natural vibrations of the resonator. It is suggested that on the basis of the engine under consideration, it is possible to consider the initiation of detonation in a supersonic flow of a combustible mixture.
Explaining listening comprehension among L2 learners of English: The contribution of vocabulary and grammar knowledge
Authors: Wang Yun
Published: February 2023

This study aims to explore the relative importance of vocabulary and grammar knowledge in explaining success of L2 learners’ listening comprehension. 40 Chinese learners of English who were studying in a UK university participated in the study. L2 learners’ vocabulary knowledge was measured through a receptive aural vocabulary test and their grammar knowledge was measured through an aural grammar test. The Cambridge Preliminary English Test (PET) listening section was adopted to measure L2 learners’ listening comprehension proficiency. Results from correlation analysis showed that both vocabulary and grammar measures correlated with L2 listening (r = .69 and r = .75 respectively). Hierarchical regression analyses showed that both measured jointly explained 72.2% of the variance in the listening score and that each measure had its unique contributions to L2 listening. It was also found that the grammar measure explained more of the variance in L2 listening than the vocabulary measure. These results demonstrated the importance of possessing L2 vocabulary and grammar knowledge in benefiting learners’ listening comprehension.
Oral debates in Spanish as an Additional Language classroom: assessment criteria to improve student performance
Authors: García Balsas Marta , López-Ferrero Carmen
Published: February 2023

The oral debate is a classroom discourse genre commonly used to assess the interactional competence of language learners. Nevertheless, its multidimensional features are often not explicitly spelled out to students, and empirical data related to student performance of this genre has thus far received little attention in the literature. With these two issues in mind, a group of Australian students of Spanish as an Additional Language were audio-recorded as they performed during two oral debates, one a practice session, the other a final debate intended to showcase their oral interaction skills for assessment purposes. Between the two debates, the students received feedback from classmates and their instructor on their preliminary debate performance, and the criteria and indicators of achievement by which their final debate performance would be judged were discussed with them. Transcripts of the two debates were subjected to thematic analysis and the results compared. This comparison revealed improvements in student debate performance, especially in terms of effective turn-requesting and turn-alternation. A second outcome was the elaboration of a revised, more detailed set of criteria for assessing the performance in oral debates of upper intermediate-level students, an instrument which will be useful in any Additional Language context
Teacher Confirmation and Caring as Predictors of Chinese and Iranian EFL Students’ Willingness to Attend EFL Classes
Authors: Wang Yongliang , Derakhshan Ali
Published: February 2023

This mixed-methods cross-cultural study examined the role of instructor confirmation and care in EFL students’ willingness to attend classes (WTAC). For the quantitative phase, 1006 and 605 EFL university students were chosen respectively from Chinese and Iranian universities, and for the qualitative phase, sub-groups of 43 Chinese and 34 Iranian participants were selected. Three close-ended scales and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Results of confirmatory factor analysis approved the factor structure and validity of the three scales. Results of correlation and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses indicated the positive associative/predictive role of perceived teacher caring and confirmation in Chinese and Iranian students’ WTAC. The independent samples t-tests results showed significant differences in perceptions of caring, confirmation, and WTAC, with Chinese participants significantly outperforming Iranians. Frequency counts of qualitative data revealed that both Chinese and Iranian students believed in the facilitative role of confirmation and caring in WTAC. Further content analysis of the data through MAXQDA presented four themes of teacher-, student-, context, and task-related factors, among which the teacher-related factors theme and its teacher interpersonal factors sub-theme were deemed very influential by Chinese and Iranian students in predicting WTAC.
Integration of corpus literacy consultation into language teacher education: Course design, implementation, and evaluation
Authors: Şimşek Tuğba , Can Cem
Published: February 2023

This qualitative study presents a corpus literacy course designed and implemented at an undergraduate language teacher education program in Turkey, and its evaluation by pre-service ELT teachers. The course introduces the main concepts of corpus linguistics, raises future teachers’ linguistic and pedagogical awareness through corpus applications, and introduces them to corpus-informed practices to improve their pedagogical skills. In the first phase of the study, students’ corpus literacy levels were determined through a pre-course survey revealing that most of the participants did not know about corpora and their uses. The second and third phases were devoted to evaluating the course. Initially, student teachers were asked to write minute papers and reflection papers during the semester to evaluate the process. In the final phase, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted after the course to explore their overall evaluations. Findings implied that corpus literacy integration into teacher education programs clearly yields positive outcomes, yet only one course is not enough to popularize it among EFL teachers.  Hence, extensive exposure to corpus literacy and curriculum-wide integration in the TEFL programs could contribute to its popularization among future practitioners.
Student Engagement in the Language Classroom. Phil Hiver, Ali H. AI-Hoorie, & Sarah Mercer (eds.) (2021). Bristol (UK): Multilingual Matters. ISBN: 978-1-78892-359-0
Authors: Li Rui
Published: February 2023

Language engagement is defined as “a dynamic, multidimensional construct compromising situated notions of cognition, affect and behaviors including social interactions in which action is a requisite component” (p.3). It is thus a highly complex construct that defines meaningful language learning outcomes, resulting in the growing interest regarding the field of second language acquisition (SLA) over the past two decades (Hiver et al., 2021). As a joint effort of internationally-recognized SLA experts, this edited volume covers language engagement in its all complexity, including measures of its factor structures, related environmental, technological and emotional factors, which provides valuable sources of reference for the scholarship and practice among researchers, instructors and learners alike.
Synthetic Phonics in Spanish Bilingual Education: Spelling Mistakes Analysis
Authors: Antropova Svetlana , Carrasco Polaino Rafael , Anguita Acero Juana María
Published: February 2023

Reading and writing in English from early ages is both a need and a must. The search of an effective learning methodology to teach early literacy has made the application of the Synthetic Phonics method to expand, regardless of the lack of agreement concerning its results. This study is aimed at showing whether this method is effective or not in bilingual educational centres of Madrid (Spain), focussing on the written skills of 640 students, aged 8-9. The errors committed in a 15-frequenly-used-word dictation have been classified according to Corder’s taxonomy. The non-parametric statistic results show that there are differences in the errors made by the students without specific method instruction (less errors) compared to those students with Synthetic Phonics instruction. However, these differences have lower level of association and do not indicate a relevant direction. Therefore, it could be concluded that Synthetic Phonics does not seem to guarantee an efficient learning of spelling for the Spanish students. There is a need to adapt the Synthetic Phonics method for learners from bilingual schools, as well as to investigate the efficiency of other methodologies to teach writing in English at early stages of literacy.
Implementation of Triple Exponential Smoothing Method In The Number Of Divorce Rate In North Sumatra
Authors: Derwanto Rio
Published: February 2023

The number of divorce rates in North Sumatra from 2007 to 2020 has increased. The increase in the number of divorce rates in North Sumatra which has an impact on the mental condition of children is disturbed, so forecasting is carried out in order to reduce the number of future divorce rates in North Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to find out the results of the number of divorce rates in North Sumatra in 2021-2023 and to see which accuracy is more accurate between the Triple Exponential Smoothing Method. The comparison between Triple Exponential Smoothing Method which has more accurate forecasting, namely Triple Exponential Smoothing Method with parameter values  and MAPE values
 of 10,21%, obtains the equation for forecasting
 the number of divorce rates in North Sumatra is .
 The results of the study, the number of divorce rates in North Sumatra increased in 2021 with 12.765 cases and decreased in 2022 and 2023 with 11.708 cases and 10.271 cases respectively.
A Review: Study on Spent Garnet as Construction Material
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mokhatar S N , Yusoff A R M ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Budiea A M A ,   Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Hakim S J S ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Numerous environmental problems are mitigated by natural resource depletion, with yearly global use of nearly 25 billion tonnes, including aggregates. Fast industrial growth has witnessed the ever-increasing exploitation of sand from rivers for various construction resolves, which caused an over-exploitation of rivers’ beds and disturbed the eco-system. This problem is also related to the amount of waste produced each year. The volume of waste is estimated to rise, reducing available space, and causing pollution. Many studies have discovered inventions and ideas to deal with this situation. Some researchers use the spent garnet in a concrete mix as a partial fine aggregate replacement. The alternative in a concrete mix depends on the properties of the spent garnet that is used and its appropriateness. In this paper, a critical review of spent garnet was discussed in detail to enhance the understanding of this topic.
Effects of Seasonal Precipitation on the Amount of Seepage-A Case Study of Tunnel 3 of Bazai Irrigation Project Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Ullah Arshad , Alam M Mahboob ,   City University of Science and Information Technology,, Mat Said K N ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kassim A ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Abbil A ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Alam I ,   Ministry of Planning, Development and Special Initiatives, Ullah Rafi ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Infiltration of water into tunnel within a harsh geological formation is a vital issue in tunnelling. The consequence impacts due to seepage include tunnel rock instability, pore-water pressure impositionand diminution of operational capacity. The spatial variation in rainfall due to climate change intensifies the threat to tunnel stability. Likewise, to understand the impacts of climate change scenarios on the seepage of tunnel 3 of the Bazai irrigation project wasnumerically simulated inSEEP/W software by manipulating the rainfall data. The net annual precipitation is followed by two sets of rainfall data i.e., dry and wet season precipitation depending upon the magnitude of rainfall. The analysis revealed that most of the seepage occurred in the unlined portion. In order to determine the future impacts ofprecipitation on seepage quantity, the wet season precipitation was further increased by 10% and 50% for A1B and B2conditions respectively. The seepage quantity into the tunnel increases with variation in precipitation patterns. To reduce the risk to tunnel stability, the model was also treated with cement-bentonite grout and bentonite slurry containing 6% solids. The performance of both grouting techniques leads to noticeable seepage deduction. The study further suggests that cement-bentonite is more effective in seepage remediation.
Effect of Magnetic Graphene Oxide on Heavy Oil Demulsification
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Dollah Aqilah , Abu Bakar Nurfarahain ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Othman Nur Hidayati ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Che Mohamed Hussein Siti Nurliyana ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Japperi Nur Shuhadah ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA
Published: February 2023

Chemical demulsification is the most efficient demulsification approach that can attain the desired separation efficiency and meet the environmental regulation standards whilst impose minimal economic burden on the petroleum industry. However, current demulsification methods using chemical demulsifiers suffer from significant secondary pollution, particularly after the demulsification process. Therefore, in this work, magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) was synthesized by a one-step co-precipitation method from graphene oxide (GO). The properties of MGO were then characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared. MGO was successfully synthesized and used as the demulsifier for diluted heavy oil emulsions. Different MGO concentrations (40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 ppm) were used at different water cuts (20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, and 60:40 v/v%). Demulsification tests using the bottle test method indicated that MGO could separate the emulsions up to 99.98% efficiency due to the high surface area-to-volume ratio of nanoparticles and magnetic features, which enhanced the adsorptive capacity for separating water from the oil. The residual oil content in the separated water was then analyzed by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The oil concentration in the separated water reduced to 398.8 mg/ml, corresponding to a demulsification efficiency of 99.98% observed at 40 ppm MGO concentration. The interfacial tension of the emulsions during demulsification was also analyzed, where the interfacial tension decreased with increasing MGO concentration.