bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teach Less, Learn More
Authors: Neo Yun Ping , Yap Wei Hsum
Published: November 2019

This chapter attempts to promote the use of collaborative learning as a strategy for teach less, learn more (TLLM) in science education. This does not mean that more traditional modes of teaching should be abandoned entirely in learning science. The idea is to provide a platform for learners to construct meaning through communication and comparison, where the learners are required to resolve different viewpoints that may surface along with their interactions and experiences with others. Overall, the aim is to move away from rote learning, repetitive tests, and teacher-centered learning towards more engaged learner-centered education by using practical collaborative approaches and strategies. The rationale and methods for the implementation of collaborative learning are also discussed. Such procedures were found to be useful to promote active and self-directed learners.
Virtual Reality Empowers New Learning Exploration
Authors: Leong Wai Kit
Published: November 2019

VR learning in education is favoured by many academics, and they believe that this approach can accelerate, amplify, and expand the impact of effective teaching and learning experiences. The adoption of virtual reality in higher education is to make the learning process exciting and more effective. It is aligned with the target TLLM (teach less, learn more) initiative in Taylor's University to provide students with the characteristics and skills that will help them survive in an ever-changing technological world. As a 21st century educator, it is essential to be able to implement technology, think forward, embrace change, and have the ability to allow students to learn best when they are taught with their own unique styles and abilities. The principles behind this pedagogy comprise a mix of technology, space, and learning in innovative ways that support a variety of “e-learning” modes to facilitate knowledge transfer—immersive lesson, interaction, and collaboration—and independent self-paced learning that enables learning anytime and anywhere.
Too Many Apps to Choose From
Authors: Ralph Rachel , Pennefather Patrick , Code Jillianne , Petrina Stephen
Published: November 2019

Substantive research investigates the effects and impacts of tablets, in particular iPads, on children's education, but few papers discuss support for teachers in deciding which iPad applications can be integrated into the classroom. Even fewer articles are directed towards application developers. This chapter explores two standards for choosing apps for children - the four-pillar model of Hirsh-Pasek et al. (2015) and the rubric for the evaluations of educational apps for preschool children (REVEAC) by Papadakis, Kalogiannakis, and Zaranis (2017). This chapter draws from two standards for choosing iPad applications for young children in the classroom and through analysis of two applications will propose the REVEAC for educators and developers while also suggesting specific features that developers could consider when targeting children under 5 years old in educational contexts.
The Impact of Mobile Learning via Touch-Screen Tablets in Emergent Literacy Development
Authors: Grigorakis Ioannis
Published: November 2019

Children's use of touch-screen tablets is increasing as these mobile devices become increasingly available. The interactive, tactile touch-screen interface and easily downloadable applications make tablets especially popular with pre-schoolers. This chapter's literature review provides an overview of recent research into tablets and emergent literacy development at home and in the pre-school setting. A multi-faceted synthesis of research on children's use of tablets and its impact in emergent literacy skills was conducted. The evidence indicated that mobile learning via touch-screen tablets has the potential to broadly enhance emergent writing and may facilitate the development of letter name/sound knowledge, print awareness, letter writing and name writing skills, and phonological awareness. The relation between the use of tablets and emergent literacy development seems to be complex as it is mediated by factors such as the type of multisensory experiences through literacy applications and the type of scaffolding used by adults. Recommendations and directions for future research are discussed.
Primary School Students' Perceptions About the Use of Mobile Games in the Classroom
Authors: Koutromanos George
Published: November 2019

This chapter investigates primary school students' perceptions regarding the use of games on mobile devices (i.e., smartphone, tablet) in classroom environment for teaching purposes. Data was collected from 10,381 students (Grades 4, 5, and 6) using a survey questionnaire. A series of semi-structured interviews were used to more deeply understand student perceptions. Those perceptions tended to range from neutral to positive regarding the use of games and their content. Students prefer games that enhance their knowledge and develop their thinking skills. They also believe lessons will be more enjoyable and interesting through the use of games, and learning will be easier and more effective. The results showed differences in students' perceptions in terms of their gender and grade level. Implications of this study and further research are discussed.
The Utilization of Van Hiele's Levels on the Instruction of English as a Foreign Language With the Aid of ICT
Authors: Chlapana Elissavet , Zaranis Nicholas , Tzagkourni Evangelia
Published: November 2019

This chapter investigates students' comprehension of the alphabet and its accompanying vocabulary, using an ICT-oriented teaching approach that is based upon Van Hiele's levels of geometric thought. The participating sample consisted of Greek students attending the second grade of primary school in Crete. The sample was divided into two groups, which were distributed among an experimental and a control group. The control group was taught following the traditional instruction, according to the pedagogical principles of Curriculum for the second grade of primary school. The experimental group was taught through an ICT-oriented intervention based upon Van Hiele's levels. The results of the research will assist greatly in achieving a more thorough understanding of the instruction of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and possible implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), to maximize its effectiveness.
Fostering Computational Thinking and Creativity in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Glezou Katerina V.
Published: November 2019

This chapter focuses on the design and implementation of coding, programming, and robotics activities in real-world classroom conditions in early childhood education that foster computational thinking and creativity. The study extends the author's experience in designing learning environments through experimentation, exploration, expression, construction, meaning negotiation, and collaboration. The author tries to gain further insight into the potential of implementing unplugged activities, robotics systems, and programming environments in the context of multi-disciplinary, hands-on activities. Using a variety of tools, strategies, and methods as well as qualitative approaches employed in case studies of classroom practice during Afternoon Robotics Club courses, the findings highlight the overall process indicating some special features that contribute to or cause difficulty in the formation of an effective learning experience. Special issues of interest, key aspects, solutions, and recommendations, as well as future research directions, are discussed.
Sounding Out Science
Authors: Gomes Clement Vashkar , Mensah Felicia Moore
Published: November 2019

With the current focus to have all students reach scientific literacy in the U.S, there exists a need to support marginalized students, such as those with Learning Disabilities/Differences (LD), to reach the same educational goals as their mainstream counterparts. This chapter examines the benefits of using audio assistive technology on the iPad to support LD students to achieve comprehension of science vocabulary and semantics. This research is composed of quantified data supported by qualitative information. Significant statistical evidence from pretest and posttest ANCOVA analysis reveals that audio technology is beneficial for seventh grade LD students when learning unfamiliar science content. Analysis of observations and student interviews support the quantified findings. This chapter provides useful information for the rising number of identified LD students and their parents and teachers by providing the benefits of using audio assistive technology to learn science. Audio assistive technology can be the tool to bridge the gap for LD students to achieve scientific literacy.
Beyond Small Chunks
Authors: Barth Ingrid , Spector-Cohen Elana , Sitman Rosalie , Jiang Guhuai , Liu Fang , Xu Yan
Published: November 2019

Although open educational resources (OERs) can help bridge high school-university vocabulary gaps, central questions remain unanswered regarding effective design that enables students to go beyond the “small chunks” that typically characterize vocabulary learning in mobile learning environments (MLEs). This bi-national study adopted a design-based research paradigm to collect input of students at two Chinese universities regarding design factors to overcome potential barriers to learning vocabulary in MLEs. The study iterated through a cycle of analysis, development, implementation, and evaluation with two cohorts of 222 and 136 students, respectively, over two years. Results showed that L1 translations correlated with significantly improved performance on basic-level vocabulary exercises and pop vocabulary quizzes. However, results suggest that moving mobile learning into the mainstream will require designing more effective scaffolding for complex vocabulary learning as well as clearer guidelines for optimal integration of PC and MLEs for supporting self-directed vocabulary study.
University Students' Perceptions of Personal Mobile Devices in the Classroom and Policies
Authors: Santos Ieda M. , Bocheco Otávio
Published: November 2019

This chapter discussed the results of a study that explored students' perceptions of personal mobile devices in the classroom and suggestions for policies. Thirty-four students enrolled in two undergraduate courses taught at a Brazilian higher education institution took part in the study. Data collection consisted of a survey and focus group interview. Quantitative data suggested an overall tendency to rare use of the devices for content and non-content activities. Qualitative results, however, showed that students may have used more often their devices in class. The results discussed several policies recommended by the students ranging from allowing the devices for content and emergency to not using social media for off- task activities. The study suggested that inappropriate use of mobile technology in the classroom may be minimized if students participate in the development of policies, and instructors integrate the devices in class to promote engagement and interest among students. Recommendations for practice and future research are discussed.
Efficacy of Cell Phones Within Instructional Design
Authors: Storch Sharon L , Juarez-Paz Anna Victoria Ortiz
Published: November 2019

Through qualitative measures, this article seeks to explore the efficacy of cell phones within college-level instructional design specifically through the eyes of the professor. Three main themes evolved from this data: Pedagogical Approaches, Value, and Setting Behavioral Expectations. Based on interviews with ten college professors regarding their experiences with the use of mobile devices within instructional design, findings show that when establishing the right balance with intentional and/or impromptu pedagogical approaches, that value and motivation is evident. Setting behavioral expectations was recommended by all participants in order to convey solid expectations; all expectations were unique, yet successful within the participants' classroom. Participants discussed their experiences within all of those areas and how they utilize cell phones to motivate students, how they set appropriate boundaries, and the overall effectiveness of the cell phone usage in the college classroom is explored.
A Survey on Islamic Mobile Applications for Children
Authors: Machfud Fitria Maulida , Mahmud Murni
Published: November 2019

This paper investigates Islamic mobile applications for children and evaluates the quantity as well as the quality of such applications. The existing and new criteria for exploring Islamic mobile applications used in this study have been enhanced and extended from the level of quality assessment to a deeper aspect of Islamic mobile application's design and interface. Similarly, additional aspects have also been considered to analyse whether it is suitable for children in terms of language, examples used, and whether it is in accordance to the Islamic foundation of Shari'ah that relies on primary and secondary sources of knowledge, which are: Qur'an, Sunnah, and Fiqh Science. The finding shows that there are very few of Islamic apps for children, especially in Malay and Indonesian language. This study suggests that developers should design and develop more Islamic mobile apps for children, especially with education and entertainment features. This study also recommends some requirements and guidelines in designing Islamic apps that are suitable for Muslim children.
Motivational and Ethical Issues in Seamless Learning
Authors: Yüksel Pelin , Şad Süleyman Nihat , Yıldırım Soner
Published: November 2019

This chapter aims to explain seamless learning with regard to motivational issues and ethical usage of technology in the context of a mobile and ubiquitous Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL). The examined TEL environment consisted of a popular technology integration project in Turkey called FATIH (in English, The Movement to Enhance Opportunities and Improve Technology). The FATIH project aims to provide students with opportunities for self-regulated, mobile, and ubiquitous learning via tablet computers, technology-rich classroom environments, and online digital sources. This chapter investigates and presents findings on the effects of technology-enhanced learning environments in terms of students' motivation and ethical issues during their interaction with the learning environment and community.
Teaching Basic Programming Concepts to Young Primary School Students Using Tablets
Authors: Fokides Emmanuel
Published: November 2019

The study presents the results of a project in which tablets and a ready-made application were used for teaching basic programming concepts to young primary school students (ages 7-9). A total of 135 students participated in the study, attending primary schools in Athens, Greece, divided into three groups. The first was taught conventionally. The second was taught using a board game, while the third was taught using tablets and an application. Students' performance was assessed using evaluation sheets. Data analyses revealed that students in the tablets/application group outperformed students in the other two groups in three out of four tests. No age differences were noted. Students' views regarding the application were highly positive. The learning outcomes can be attributed to the combination of the application's game-like features and to the tablets' ease of use. On the basis of the results, educators, as well as policy makers, can consider the use of tablets and mobile applications for teaching basic programming concepts to young primary school students.
Teaching Exceptional Children With Mobile Technologies in a General Education Classroom
Authors: Trumble Jason , Farah Yara N. , Slykhuis David A.
Published: November 2019

Meeting the needs of all students is of crucial concern for all teachers. As technology continues to change our culture and the ways students learn, it is important for teachers to embrace new pedagogies that meet the needs of both gifted students and students with special needs. This chapter proposes a framework that supports the integration of differentiation, inquiry learning processes, and mobile technologies. The goal of presenting this framework is to provide a research foundation for a conceptual ideal geared toward practical implementation that benefits these two marginalized populations of students.
Using Geospatial Technology to Promote Middle School Students' Critical Thinking on Socioscientific Issues
Authors: Powell Wardell A.
Published: November 2019

This chapter is a demonstration of how to use geospatial technologies to promote middle school students' abilities to think critically and to argue persuasively on socioscientific issues. Forty-three sixth grade students from a summer enrichment program operated by a non-profit organization in the northeastern United States participated in this study. The duration of this curricular unit took place over five consecutive 1-hour period blocks. The researcher utilized qualitative procedures to analyze the students' abilities to think critically and to argue persuasively on socioscientific issues. The results indicate that the students' background knowledge on the impact of human activities on climate change was enhanced with the use of videos, graphics, audio-visuals, and other hands-on activities. Additionally, the knowledge the students gained from the events in this investigation enhanced their abilities to propose convincing arguments in opposition or support for the socioscientific issues investigated.
The Relationship Between Christianity and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Aryeh Daniel Nii Aboagye
Published: November 2019

This chapter argues that the relationship that exists between the ethos of Christian (Protestants) leaders, which enables them to formulate highly demanding religious programmes and activities strike the code of entrepreneurship. However, the work of pastors and leaders of the church has not been seriously considered to be compatible with some features of entrepreneurship and should be included in their curriculum for training. Narrative historical analysis is used for the study to investigate the relationship between the features of entrepreneurship and the work of pastors and the need to design a leadership entrepreneurial course to be part of undergraduate programmes for the training of pastors in Africa.
The Contribution of Islam to Entrepreneurial Activity in Cameroon
Authors: Tagne Joel Stephan , Kobou Georges , Ningaye Paul
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Islam on entrepreneurial initiative in Cameroon. In order to achieve this objective, the authors used data collected from 504 individuals in Douala and Yaoundé cities by the Laboratory for Research in Fundamental and Applied Economics (LAREFA) of the University of Dschang. Using the binary probit model and the bivariate probit model, the following results were obtained: 1) although not significant, the probability for a Muslim to start his own business decreases by 0.8% as compared to individuals of other religious denominations; 2) although not also significant, for an entrepreneur (or manager) to be a Muslim increases by about 8% his probability to become a well-established entrepreneur (or manager).
Male and Female Successors' Support
Authors: Ben Salem Anis Abdelatif
Published: November 2019

Despite substantial research on business success, female succession, its associated process, the encountered difficulties within the succession process, and the suitable support are theoretically ignored. The low attention of this subject is preconditioned by some cultural factors essentially religion and habits favorable to man. Successors face some difficulties like acceptance, integration, insertion, and management. It differs from the context and the successors' identities. Some countries support men more than women; others support women than men while some countries refuse this distinction. Using 20 successors, this study aims to understand how religion interferes in supporting successors within the succession process. Muslim countries offer to contextually support and assure business continuity and business cohesion.
Narratives of Patient Care
Authors: Bird Jennifer Lynne
Published: November 2019

People, including hospital patients, want someone to know their stories. Teachers in English classrooms rely on narratives to learn their students' stories. Since learning patients' narratives is an emerging trend in the field of physical therapy as well as other medical practice, connections between writing, health coaching, and physical therapy illustrate the value of patients sharing narratives with their clinicians. Keeping journals tracking pain can assist patients when providing information to their medical practitioners.
Narratives of Anxiety
Authors: Bird Jennifer Lynne , Wanner Eric T.
Published: November 2019

This research project began as a study using both quantitative and qualitative methods to learn about the connections between writing and healing. College students who wrote in journals throughout the semester as part of normal classroom practices for an education methods class in reading and writing completed surveys answering questions about their writing and their health. Initial analysis of the data echoed the findings of previous studies: writing is healing. However, the more important observation became that on one of the health survey questions 92% of the subjects reported experiencing anxiety or stress. Consequently, the research evolved into a social action project to help college students cope with stress and anxiety; stress is a very common cause of a downward spiral to quality of life and overall health. By making a few positive changes in their lives, people can learn to deal with stress.
Narratives of Teaching Methods
Authors: Bird Jennifer Lynne
Published: November 2019

While technology leads to innovative teaching strategies, technology also leads to disconnection as people seek coping strategies to deal with stress and the constant flood of information. This narrative addresses the health consequences of stress and the need for authentic connections instead of focusing on images portrayed in social media. Methods such as RICE (reflection, innovation, collaboration, evaluation) and MICE (motivation, importance, confidence, expression) illustrate techniques for managing stress, managing technology, setting goals, and creating change.
Promoting Spoken Interaction and Student Engagement With Board Games in a Language Teaching Context
Authors: York James
Published: November 2019

This article provides information on an action research project in a low-level EFL setting in Japan. The project aims were to 1) foster spoken communication skills and 2) help students engage with their own learning. The project investigated the applicability of board games as a mediating tool for authentic communication as part of a wider TBLT approach to language development. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 115 first- and second-year Japanese university students via teacher observations, informal discussions during class time, and a questionnaire at the end of a seven-week intervention. Responses to the questionnaire indicated that the framework was perceived to be valuable in both fostering communicative skills and improving student engagement. Methodological improvements were also suggested. Implications applicable to teachers working in similar contexts are discussed, as well as possible improvements for future implementations.
Case Study of an Epistemic Mathematics Computer Game
Authors: Buteau Chantal , Muller Eric
Published: November 2019

E-Brock Bugs is a serious educational game (SEG) about probability which was created based on Devlin's design principles for games whose players adopt identities of mathematically able persons. This kind of games in which “players think and act like real world professionals” has been called epistemic. This chapter presents an empirical study of 16-year-old students' (n=61) experience playing E-Brock Bugs as part of their mathematics data management course. Results suggest that most students engaged in the game's mathematics and experienced a mathematical in-game identity. No gender difference was observed, but the students' self-identified mathematical capability (which was not correlated with their mathematics grades) seems to differentiate the extent to which they experience a mathematical in-game identity. E-Brock Bugs contributes to validate Devlin's game design approach to epistemic mathematics SEGs.
Promotion of Tourism Using Social Media
Authors: Ahuja Vandana
Published: November 2019

The tourism industry in India represents a booming sector. This is because of the advent of a large number of foreign tourists every year as well as the demographic dividend of India's population, which is increasingly adopting tourism as a lifestyle constituent. Additionally, the revenue generated by this sector makes it very important for India. Studies from the World Travel and Tourism Council show that tourism contributed 9.4% to India's GDP in 2017 and is expected to show a significant growth rate. This chapter traces the changing landscape of the tourism sector and the emergent role of social media, identifies the pillars of social media for the tourism industry and delineates the various social media platforms, tools, and communities relevant to the travel and tourism industry.
Intermediate Monocytes in Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis Are Functionally Activated and Induce IL-17 Expression in CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Dhanda Ashwin D. , Williams Emily L. , Yates Euan , Lait Philippa J. P. , Schewitz-Bowers Lauren P. , Hegazy Doha , Cramp Matthew E. , Collins Peter L. , Lee Richard W. J.
Published: November 2019

In humans, the three main circulating monocyte subsets are defined by their relative cell surface expression of CD14 and CD16. They are all challenging to study because their characteristics are strongly context specific, and this has led to a range of conflicting reports about their function, which is especially so for CD14++CD16+ (intermediate) monocytes. Ex vivo cultures are also often confounded by the concomitant use of immunosuppressive drugs. We therefore sought to characterize the phenotype and function of intermediate monocytes in the setting of acute inflammation prior to treatment in a cohort of 41 patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis (AH). Circulating intermediate monocytes were enriched in patients with AH and had an activated phenotype with enhanced expression of CCR2 and CD206 compared with healthy controls. Proinflammatory cytokine expression, including IL-1β and IL-23, was also higher than in healthy controls, but both classical (CD14++CD16−) and intermediate monocytes in AH were refractory to TLR stimulation. Compared with healthy controls, both AH monocyte subsets had greater phagocytic capacity, enhanced ability to drive memory T cell proliferation in coculture, and skewed CD4+ T cells to express an increased ratio of IL-17/IFN-γ. Furthermore, liver tissue from AH patients demonstrated an enrichment of monocytes including the intermediate subset compared with controls. These data demonstrate that intermediate monocytes are expanded, functionally activated, induce CD4+ T cell IL-17 expression, and are enriched in the liver of patients with AH.
An affordable methodology for quantifying waterborne microplastics - an emerging contaminant in inland-waters
Authors: Dunn Christian , Owens Jedd , Fears Luke , Nunnerley Laura , Kirby Julian , Armstrong Oliver L. , Thomas P. John , Aberg Dan , Gilder William , Green Dannielle , Antwis Rachael , Freeman Chris
Published: November 2019

The occurrence of microplastics in marine habitats is well documented and of growing concern. The presence of these small (<5 mm) pieces of plastic is less well recorded in inland water systems. In this paper, we determine a cost-efficient and straightforward method for the collection and identification of microplastics in UK inland waters. We found pieces of microplastic from all sample sites ranging from over 1000 L-1 in the River Tame, to 2.4 L-1 in Loch Lomond. The presence of microplastics in all waters tested suggest it should now be classed as an emergent contaminant, with routine monitoring required.
The National Mineral Reference Collection (NMC) digital spectral (VIS-NIR-SWIR) library, part II: REE-Nb-U-Th-bearing minerals
Authors: Percival J B , Abraham A C , Laudadio A B , Sinclair C
D
Published: November 2019

This Open File is the second report providing spectral characteristics of select mineral samples held in the Geological Survey of Canada National (Reference) Mineral Collection (NMC). The focus of this spectral library is on minerals containing REE, Nb, U and Th
of which there were 428 samples suitable for analyses out of a total of 1300 specimens. Sample spectra were collected using a TerraSpec Pro 4 Spectrometer on loan from Malvern Panalytical. Spectral collection was highly controlled and performed in a dark box using a contact probe or with the aid of
a Muglight. All samples were digitally photographed. A hyperlinked Master Table provides access to a plot of each spectrum, description of each sample, raw data in text format and photograph of the specimen. The spectra were not vetted as to purity nor analysed by alternate or complementary methods
such as X-ray diffraction. Original information recorded on each NMC card is provided in each description.
Social science students’ concept images and concept definitions of anti-derivatives
Authors: Moru Eunice K. , Qhobela Makomosela
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the reported study was to investigate the social science students’ concept images and concept definitions of anti-derivatives. Data were collected through asking students to answer 10 questions related to anti-derivatives and also by interviewing them. The theory of concept image and concept definition was used for data analysis. The results of the study show that the students’ definitions of anti-derivatives were personal reconstructions of the formal definition. Their concept images were coherent only to a certain extent as there were some conceptions of some ideas that were at variance with those of the mathematical community. These were more evident when students solved problems in the algebraic representation. Some students did not know which integration or differentiation methods they should apply in solving the problems. The significance of such findings is to enable the mathematics educators to pay attention not only to the use of signs and symbols representing mathematical concepts but also to their semantics.
The antecedents of employee engagement and their effect on public sector service delivery: The case study of government departments in Harare
Authors: Wushe Tawaziwa , Shenje Jacob
Published: November 2019

Orientation: Employee engagement has become an impetus behind business success and a deciding factor for service delivery, especially in the Zimbabwean public sector.Research purpose: This study sought to investigate the antecedents of employee engagement and their effect on public sector service delivery with reference to selected government departments in Harare.Motivation for the study: The government departments in Harare have witnessed gross employee disengagement as indicated by reduced employee commitment and high absenteeism.Research approach/design and method: A quantitative research design was adopted for this study. A structured questionnaire was developed, validated and distributed to 260 employees and management working in five selected government departments.Main findings: This study showed that the antecedents of employee engagement such as effective leadership, training and career development, compensation and incentive programmes, and organisational policies and procedures greatly influenced employee engagement in the public sector. The study also noted that employee engagement positively impacted service delivery in the public sector.Practical/managerial implications: An important implication of this study is the need for the public sector management to understand the significance of the social exchange for employee engagement and to provide employees with resources and benefits that would oblige them to perform productively.Contribution/value-add: This study is expected to enrich the empirical evidence on the antecedents of employee engagement and also provide recommendations for practitioners in investigating the influence of employee engagement on service delivery in the public sector.
The rise of national central banks' TARGET balances in the euro area: a comment
Authors: Terzi Andrea
Published: November 2019

With the implementation of the Eurosystem's asset purchase programme (APP), national central banks' TARGET balances have risen. For the European Central Bank, this reflects cross-border payments and portfolio rebalancing in the context of the APP. Minenna et al. (2018) disagree and claim that the causes of rising TARGET balances (2015–2017) have been the persistent current-account surplus of Germany and ‘capital flight.’ This comment explains that rising TARGET balances occur under specific monetary policy configurations and that the context of the APP was critical to account for rising TARGET balances. It then questions the decomposition approach employed by the authors by arguing that it shows accounting correspondences, not causality, and concludes that there is no established two-way association between TARGET balances and actual vulnerabilities of the euro area.
Diasporic Identity and Mourning: Commemorative Practices among Okinawan Repatriates from Colonial Micronesia
Authors: Suzuki Taku
Published: November 2019

Could colonial settlers who repatriated from colonies to metropole after the empire’s fall be considered ‘diaspora’? How do these migrants of decolonization maintain their collective memory of the past and solidary identity as a group? This article explores the historical experiences of Okinawan colonial migrants to Japanese mandate Micronesia (which includes the Northern Marianas, Palau, and Chuuk) and these migrants’ forced repatriation to Okinawa after the devastating battles in the Western Pacific in 1944–45. It also ethnographically examines the Okinawan repatriates’ pilgrimages to the islands throughout the post-WWII years to visit their childhood homes and locations of their loved ones’ deaths. These Okinawan repatriates, who had been twice-displaced in their lifetimes and survived the brutal war, continue to visit the islands to reminisce about their childhood and pray for the loved ones who had died on the islands. This article argues that such migrants of decolonization could not only be considered a diasporic group but also a group who retain a strong sense of solidarity and collective memory. Further, this article claims that formal and informal ritualistic practices, such as those ethnographically portrayed in this essay, play a pivotal role in creating and recreating collective memory and identity among the migrants of decolonization as a diaspora.
El clock de la estación
Authors: Attig Remy
Published: November 2019

Fabián Severo’s collection of short stories, Viralata, from which this short story comes, was originally published in Portuñol, a “hybrid” mix of Spanish and Portuguese, as it is spoken near the city of Artigas in northern Uruguay. Portuñol, like other “hybrid” border varieties, has rarely been published, though it would seem that interest is growing since the 1990s, particularly in Uruguay.
 
As a scholar of “hybrid”, diaspora, and transnational languages I decided to explore the possibility of translating this work into Spanglish, the “hybrid” mix of Spanish and English commonly heard among Latinxs in the US. Though the cultural realities of Portuñol speakers and Spanglish speakers is different, there are some important parallels: literature in both has emerged only relatively recently, little has been translated into either language variety, education is not conducted in either, and the dominant discourses around language in both contexts has traditionally favoured literature written in the prestige varieties of English, Spanish, or Portuguese—which should come as no surprise. Given this, I wondered about the experience, aesthetic, and cultural value of putting two distant borders of Spanish in contact through translation.
 
This is my first translation of Fabián Severo’s work.
Inter-model comparison of global hydroxyl radical (OH) distributions and their impact on atmospheric methane over the 2000–2016 period
Authors: Zhao Yuanhong , Saunois Marielle , Bousquet Philippe , Lin Xin , Berchet Antoine , Hegglin Michaela I. , Canadell Josep G. , Jackson Robert B. , Hauglustaine Didier A. , Szopa Sophie , Stavert Ann R. , Abraham Nathan Luke , Archibald Alex T. , Bekki Slimane , Deushi Makoto , Jöckel Patrick , Josse Béatrice , Kinnison Douglas , Kirner Ole , Marécal Virginie , O'Connor Fiona M. , Plummer David A. , Revell Laura E. , Rozanov Eugene , Stenke Andrea , Strode Sarah , Tilmes Simone , Dlugokencky Edward J. , Zheng Bo
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The modeling study presented here aims to estimate how uncertainties in
global hydroxyl radical (OH) distributions, variability, and trends may
contribute to resolving discrepancies between simulated and observed methane
(CH4) changes since 2000. A multi-model ensemble of 14 OH fields was
analyzed and aggregated into 64 scenarios to force the offline
atmospheric chemistry transport model LMDz (Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique) with a standard CH4 emission
scenario over the period 2000–2016. The multi-model simulated global
volume-weighted tropospheric mean OH concentration ([OH]) averaged over
2000–2010 ranges between 8.7×105 and 12.8×105 molec cm−3. The inter-model differences in tropospheric OH burden and
vertical distributions are mainly determined by the differences in the
nitrogen oxide (NO) distributions, while the spatial discrepancies between
OH fields are mostly due to differences in natural emissions and volatile organic compound (VOC)
chemistry. From 2000 to 2010, most simulated OH fields show an increase of
0.1–0.3×105 molec cm−3 in the tropospheric mean [OH],
with year-to-year variations much smaller than during the historical period
1960–2000. Once ingested into the LMDz model, these OH changes translated
into a 5 to 15 ppbv reduction in the CH4 mixing ratio in 2010, which
represents 7 %–20 % of the model-simulated CH4 increase due to
surface emissions. Between 2010 and 2016, the ensemble of simulations showed
that OH changes could lead to a CH4 mixing ratio uncertainty of
>±30 ppbv. Over the full 2000–2016 time period, using a
common state-of-the-art but nonoptimized emission scenario, the impact of
[OH] changes tested here can explain up to 54 % of the gap between model
simulations and observations. This result emphasizes the importance of
better representing OH abundance and variations in CH4 forward
simulations and emission optimizations performed by atmospheric inversions.
Temporary and net sinks of atmospheric CO2 due to chemical weathering in subtropical catchment with mixing carbonate and silicate lithology
Authors: Cao Yingjie , Xuan Yingxue , Tang Changyuan , Guan Shuai , Peng Yisheng
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The study provides the major ion chemistry, chemical weathering rates and temporary and net CO2 sinks in the Beijiang River, which was characterized as hyperactive region with high chemical weathering rates, carbonate and silicate mixing lithology and abundant sulfuric acid chemical weathering agent with acid deposition and AMD origins. The total chemical weathering rate of 85.46 t km−2 a−1 was comparable to other rivers in the hyperactive zones between the latitude 0–30°. Carbonate weathering rates of 61.15 t km−2 a−1 contributed to about 70 % of the total. The lithology, runoff and geomorphology had significant influence on the chemical weathering rate. The proportion of carbonate outcrops had significant positive correlation with the chemical weathering rate. Due to the interaction between dilution and compensation effect, significant positive linear relationship was detected between runoff and total, carbonate and silicate weathering rates. The geomorphology factors such as catchment area, average slope and hypsometric integral value (HI) had non-linear correlation on chemical weathering rate and showed significant scale effect, which revealed the complexity in chemical weathering processes. DIC-apportionment showed that CCW (Carbonate weathering by CO2) was the dominant origin of DIC (35 %–87 %) and that SCW (Carbonate weathering by H2SO4) (3 %–15 %) and CSW (Silicate weathering by CO2) (7 %–59 %) were non-negligible processes. The temporary CO2 sink was 823.41 103 mol km−2 a−1. Compared with the temporary sink, the net sink of CO2 for the Beijiang River was approximately 23.18 × 103 mol km−2 a−1 of CO2 and was about 2.82 % of the temporary CO2 sink. Human activities (sulfur acid deposition and AMD) dramatically decreased the CO2 net sink and even make chemical weathering a CO2 source to the atmosphere.
The wave spectrum in archipelagos
Authors: Björkqvist Jan-Victor , Pettersson Heidi , Kahma Kimmo K.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Sea surface waves are important for marine safety and coastal engineering, but mapping the wave properties at complex shorelines, such as coastal archipelagos, is challenging. The wave spectrum, E(f), contains a majority of the information about the wave field, and its properties have been studied for decades. Nevertheless, any systematic research into the wave spectrum in archipelagos has not been made. In this paper we present wave buoy measurements from 14 locations in the Finnish archipelago. The shape of the wave spectrum showed a systematic transition from a single-peaked spectrum to a spectrum with a wide frequency range having almost constant energy. The exact shape also depended on the wind direction, since the fetch, island, and bottom conditions are not isotropic. The deviation from the traditional spectral form is strong enough to have a measurable effect on the definitions of the significant wave height. The relation between the two definitions in the middle of the archipelago was H1/3=0.881Hs, but the ratio varied with the spectral width (Hs was defined using the variance). At this same location the average value of the single highest wave, Hmax∕Hs, was only 1.58. A wider archipelago spectrum was also associated with lower confidence limits for the significant wave height compared to the open sea (6 % vs. 9 %). The challenges caused by the instability of the peak frequency for an archipelago spectrum are presented, and the mean frequency, weighted with E(f)4, is proposed as a compromise between stability and bias with respect to the peak frequency. The possibility of using the frequency and width parameters of this study as a starting point for a new analytical parameterisation of an archipelago type spectrum is discussed.
La presencia de Hokusai en la prensa española (1868-1912): biografía, obra y valoración crítica
Authors: Anía Ruiz-Flores Pablo César
Published: November 2019

En el presente artículo se trata el impacto de Hokusai en España a través de las publicaciones periódicas en el último tercio del siglo XIX y primeras décadas del siglo XX coincidiendo con los periodos japoneses Meiji (1868-1912) y Taishō (1912-1926), época en la que el arte japonés y el fenómeno del japonismo se encontraban en pleno auge. El impacto de Hokusai en nuestro país a través de las publicaciones periódicas no fue tan importante como el que se produjo en otras naciones occidentales que tuvieron en esta época vínculos más estrechos con Japón y donde el coleccionismo de arte japonés (en especial de grabados ukiyo-e) fue más importante. No obstante, tanto en revistas ilustradas como en buena parte de los periódicos nacionales y locales de nuestro país se hicieron eco de la importancia de este destacado artista japonés proporcionando noticias sobre su vida y su obra, además de brindar informaciones sobre su influencia en otros artistas y sobre el coleccionismo de sus obras. De esta forma el conocimiento tanto de Hokusai como de su obra gozó de una notable difusión alcanzando todos los estratos de la sociedad y presentando un importante calado.
‘The Curse of Knowledge’: Reflections from a Teaching Practicum Course in a Saudi University
Authors: Takrouni Afra , Alkubaidi Miriam
Published: November 2019

This paper is an action research study that focuses on improving the quality of my teaching practice as an English language teacher in an English as a foreign language (EFL) educational context. It presents my reflections as a post-graduate student of Master in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (MA TESOL) from the Teaching Practicum course at a Saudi Arabian University. The study of Teaching Practicum course enabled me to develop my understanding of teaching as a profession, to reflect upon my pedagogical practice systematically, and to tackle teaching issues and concerns. Based on my reflective practice, this action research introduces the curse of knowledge as a pedagogical issue, which I have faced throughout this course as a student. As part of the study, lesson plans and reflective journals were used to obtain the required data through conducting four micro-teaching sessions. Newby’s (2010) reflective cycle was followed to reflect on my teaching practice in a systematic way. As the data was thematically analyzed, I realized that the clarity of instructions played a significant role in decreasing the effect of the curse of knowledge on teaching. As a result, students were not be able to carry out classroom activities.
lógica en el derecho. Una respuesta a Riccardo Guastini
Authors: Ferrajoli Luigi , Moreno Monroe César E.
Published: November 2019

Este ensayo, motivado por una crítica de Riccardo Guastini, ilustra el papel de la lógica en el derecho y precisamente: a) en la construcción de la teoría del derecho, b) en el razonamiento y en los discursos desarrollados por las disciplinas jurídicas positivas y c) en los razonamientos y en las operaciones de operadores jurídicos y en particular de los jueces.
teoría “dworkiniana” del razonamiento jurídico de Jeremy Waldron: el eslabón ignorado
Authors: Gallego Saade Javier
Published: November 2019

En este trabajo se sostiene que la teoría del derecho iberoamericana ha malinterpretado la teoría del razonamiento jurídico de Jeremy Waldron, presentándola como una teoría formalista de la adjudicación, y a Waldron como un positivista excluyente. Esto se debe a una lectura sesgada de su teoría del derecho, que se explica, a su vez, por la imagen que el constitucionalismo ha construido en torno a Waldron, como un opositor de Dworkin. Este trabajo muestra que Waldron suscribe a una teoría “dworkiniana” del razonamiento jurídico, la que opera como eslabón entre su teoría de la democracia y su teoría más reciente de la dignidad humana. Ambas cuestiones han sido virtualmente ignoradas por el medio académico hispanoparlante.