bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Karya Tulis Ilmiah di Indonesia: Dampak Workshop terhadap Mahasiswa Magister dan Doktor
Authors: Prahani Binar Kurnia , Jatmiko Budi , Satriawan Muhammad , Firdaus Rohim Aminullah , Zainuddin Abu , Saphira Hanandita Veda , Mulia Mala , Wahono Sugeng
Published: January 2024

Abad ke-21 mengharuskan semua pembelajar dan pelajar untuk selalu beradaptasi dengan keterampilan yang harus dipenuhi. Artikel ini meninjau kegiatan pelayanan masyarakat dalam bentuk lokakarya penulisan artikel ilmiah, yang diselenggarakan pada tanggal 27 Agustus 2023, untuk mahasiswa magister dan doktor dari desa LPDP UNESA. Lokakarya ini bertujuan untuk membekali calon guru dengan keterampilan esensial dalam menghasilkan publikasi ilmiah berkualitas tinggi, sebagai komponen kunci dalam meningkatkan standar pendidikan di Indonesia. Peserta memberikan umpan balik positif, menghargai pendekatan praktis lokakarya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan penelitian dan penulisan. Hasil langsung menunjukkan tren positif menuju kontribusi ilmiah aktif oleh para calon guru, menandakan lintasan yang menjanjikan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pengajaran di Indonesia.Adapting to the evolving skill requirements of the 21st century is crucial for educators. This article reviews a community service activity in the form of a scientific article writing workshop, held on August 27, 2023, for master and doctoral students from LPDP UNESA village. The workshop aimed to equip prospective teachers with essential skills in producing high-quality scientific publications, a key component in advancing educational standards in Indonesia. Participants reported positive feedback, appreciating the workshop's practical approach to enhancing research and writing capabilities. The immediate outcomes suggest an encouraging trend toward active scholarly contributions by future teachers, indicating a promising trajectory for improving teaching quality in Indonesia.
Penerapan Senam Lansia dalam Meningkatkan Imunitas Melalui Program KKNT USU di Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau
Authors: Manalu Sarah Patumona , Hasibuan Novrida Harpah , Sari Yasmine Anggia , Nadhira Ade Citra
Published: January 2024

Masyarakat Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau yang telah lanjut usia memiliki keluhan terhadap kesehatan fisik mereka yang mulai menurun seiring bertambahnya usia. Penurunan fungsional tubuh dapat berdampak pada penurunan kebugaran fisik. Seiring bertambahnya usia, penurunan fungsi tubuh akan semakin cepat. Oleh sebab itu, para lansia Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau perlu melakukan aktivitas fisik yang dapat membantu meningkatkan kebugaran fisik, salah satunya dengan senam lansia. Untuk mendukung hal tersebut, mahasiswa KKNTD-30 USU membuat program kerja senam lansia yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan imunitas dan kesehatan fisik serta kualitas hidup para lansia di Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau. Pelaksanaan kegiatan senam ini dilakukan mulai Oktober hingga November 2022 dengan metode demonstrasi kepada masyarakat. Kegiatan senam dilakukan setiap hari minggu dengan didampingi oleh instruktur dari tim KKNTD-30 USU Sasaran dari kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat lansia Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau yang berusia 50 tahun ke atas sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah meningkatnya kesehatan tubuh dan kesehatan organ dalam yang terjaga serta mencegah dari bahaya penyakit. Senam lansia tidak hanya untuk sekedar menjaga kesehatan pada lansia, tetapi juga dapat tercapainya lansia yang sehat fisik, mental, dan sosial. Berdasarkan hasil pelaksanaan program, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan senam lansia yang dilaksanakan berdampak positif bagi kesehatan para lansia di Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau.The elderly residents of Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau have complaints about their physical health, which begins to decline as they get older. A decrease in body function can result in a decrease in physical fitness. As you get older, the decline in body function will accelerate. Therefore, the elderly in Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau need to do physical activities that can help improve physical fitness, one of which is elderly exercise. To support this, KKNTD-30 USU students created an elderly exercise program to improve the immunity, physical health, and quality of life of the elderly in Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau. This exercise activity will be conducted from October to November 2022 using a demonstration method for the community. Gymnastics activities are carried out every Sunday by instructors from the KKNTD-30 USU team. The target of this activity is the elderly community of Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau, aged 50 years and over, totaling 30 people. The results obtained are improved body health and maintained internal organ health, as well as preventing the dangers of disease. Elderly exercise is not only about maintaining the health of the elderly but can also help those who are physically, mentally, and socially healthy. Based on the results of program implementation, it can be concluded that the elderly exercise activities carried out have positively impacted the health of the elderly in Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau.
Edukasi Politik melalui Simulasi dan Deklarasi Pemilih Pemula Millenial Cerdas untuk Mewujudkan Pemilu Serentak 2024 yang Berkualitas
Authors: Haryadi Dwi , Darwance Darwance , Suntara Reza Adriantika
Published: January 2024

Pesta demokrasi lima tahunan yang diselenggarakan tahun 2024 tinggal hitungan bulan. Generasi millenial yang sebagian merupakan pemilih pemula akan turut mencoblos. Namun berkaca dari alias tidak mencoblos atau berpartisipasi namun karena tidak memahami secara teknis pencoblosan sehingga surat suara menjadi tidak sah. Pada sisi yang lain masih ada yang pragmatis. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membekali pemilih pemula di Belitung Timur yang sedang duduk dibangku SMA/SMK kemampuan teknis kepemiluan dan wawasan kepemiluan agar menjadi pemilih cerdas dan mencoblos dengan benar. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan simulasi pencoblosan sekaligus deklarasi sebagai pemilih cerdas dengan membubuhkan tanda tangan sebagai bentuk komitmen. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di KPU Belitung Timur pada Selasa 30 Mei 2023 dengan peserta 20 pelajar perwakilan dari SMA/SMK. Hasilnya dapat menambah wawasan kepemiluan dan dapat mencoblos dengan benar serta punya komitmen menjadi pemilih pemula yang cerdas.The five-year democratic party, which will be held in 2024, is only months away. The millennial generation, some first-time voters, will also vote. However, reflecting on aliases, they did not vote or participate, but because they did not understand voting technically, the ballots became invalid. On the other hand, there is something pragmatic. This community service activity aims to equip first-time voters in East Belitung who are currently in high school/vocational school with electoral technical skills and electoral insight to become smart voters and vote correctly. The activity was carried out with a voting simulation and a declaration as a smart voter by affixing a signature as a form of commitment. The activity was carried out at the East Belitung KPU on Tuesday, 30 May 2023, with 20 student representatives from SMA/SMK participating. The result can add electoral insight, vote correctly, and commit to being a smart beginner voter.
Pelatihan Penggunaan Kemasan Gastronomi pada Lemang Desa Tanjung Sirih Sebagai Daya Tarik Oleh-oleh Kabupaten Lahat
Authors: Sonjaya Arief Marna , Pratama Melati , S Kartika Theresia
Published: January 2024

Desa tanjung sirih memiliki salah satu kuliner yang cukup terkenal dan dijadikan sebagai oleh-oleh yaitu lemang. Lemang dikenal karena pengolahannya langsung di tempat jualan dan bambu yang digunakan berasal dari hutan desa ini, namun lemang menjadi tidak menarik karena dikemas menggunakan kertas koran dan kantong plastik hitam. Tujuan pelatihan ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dan melatih para penjual lemang tentang cara mengemas lemang dengan baik dan benar dengan menggunakan kemasan gastronomi. Pelatihan dilaksanakan melalui 3 tahapan yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Persiapan pada 1-5 Juni 2023 meliputi pembuatan kemasan gastronomi pada kemasan primer, sekunder dan tersier. Pelaksanaan pada 25-27 Juni 2023 meliputi sosialisasi dan bimbingan teknis. Sosialisasi dilakukan dengan memberikan pemahaman melalui materi standar produk wisata, jenis dan fungsi kemasan. Bimbingan teknis dilakukan dengan memberikan keterampilan terhadap para penjual lemang, tentang teknik mengemas lemang dengan baik dan benar menggunakan kemasan gastronomi. Hasil evaluasi terhadap 50 peserta menunjukkan bahwa peserta yang memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan mengemas lemang yang sangat baik berjumlah 20%, nilai baik sebanyak 76% dan tidak baik sebesar 4%. Evaluasi untuk ketiga narasumber yang dilakukan oleh 50 peserta adalah memiliki nilai rata-rata 4,6 yang artinya mendekati sangat baik. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan ini bermanfaat bagi penjual lemang tanjung sirih.Lahat district Tanjung Sirih village had one popular culinary item that was enough to be a souvenir: lemang. Lemang is known because it is processed directly at point sale, and the bamboo is used from the forest in this village. However, lemang was not interested when it was a souvenir because lemang was packed with newsprint and a black plastic bag. The training aimed to give insight and exercise to lemang sellers about the method to pack lemang well and correctly by gastronomic packaging. The training was conducted in three steps: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The preparation on June 1-5, 2023, includes making gastronomic packaging at primary, secondary, and tertiary packaging. The 25-27 June 2023 include socialization and technical guidance. The socialization was conducted by giving insight into tourism product content, types, and function of packaging. Technical guidance was provided to the lemang seller, including the method of packing lemang well and correctly using gastronomic packaging. The evaluation result showed that the participant had the best insight and skill to pack, which was 20%; good, 76%; and bad, 4%. The evaluation of the three speakers was 4.6. It is very well approached, so it can concluded that this training is useful to sellers of lemang tanjung sirih.
Pengaruh Potongan Harga, Promosi Penjualan, Display, dan Brand Image Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Studi Kasus Pamella 6 Swalayan Kota Yogyakarta)
Authors: Aliyanti Fitri Eka , Muhammad Habib Auliya
Published: January 2024

Perkembangan industri retail dapat dilihat dari semakin banyaknya usaha retail yang bermunculan, terutama dalam sektor pasar modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh dari potongan harga, promosi penjualan, display, dan brand image terdapat keputusan pembelian di Pamella 6 Swalayan 6 Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data primer yang didapatkan dari melalui penyebaran kuisioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan responden berjumlah 150 responden yang merupakan konsumen di Pamella 6 Kota Yogyakarta. Teknik menganalisis data ini menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linear berganda degan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa adanya pengaruh yang signifikan dari brand image terhadap keputusan pembelian, namun variabel potongan harga, promosi penjualan, dan display tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Sedangkan hasil pengujian secara simultan menyatakan bahwa potongan harga, promosi penjualan, display, dan brand image berpengaruh simultan terhadap keputusan pembelian.
Cost of illness pasien gagal ginjal kronis di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau
Authors: Sari Seftika , Suhada Zikra , Triagustini Tiara
Published: January 2024

Intisari Latar belakang: Meningkatnya frekuensi gagal ginjal kronik menimbulkan masalah kesehatan yang signifikan di seluruh dunia. Pasien gagal ginjal kronik mengalami peningkatan angka kesakitan dan kematian. Sejumlah besar orang yang menderita gagal ginjal kronis mengalami infeksi pada tahap akhir penyakitnya, sehingga menyebabkan pengobatan yang tidak efisien, tekanan keuangan yang besar, dan dampak negatif yang patut dicatat terhadap emosi, keuangan, dan kesejahteraan umum mereka.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian farmakoekonomi menggunakan perspektif provider dan societal dengan desain deskriptif observasional. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 75 orang melalui non-random sampling dengan menggunakan purposive sampling.Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, total rata-rata biaya pengobatan pasien gagal ginjal kronis adalah Rp. 5.118.274,72. Total biaya terbesar adalah biaya pengobatan langsung (44,46%). Adapun biaya pengobatan tidak langsung sebesar 23,54% dan biaya hilangnya produktivitas senilai 32%.Kesimpulan: Biaya rata-rata terapi total yaitu sebesar Rp. 5.118.274,7; dan karakteristik pasien yang memiliki hubungan terhadap biaya terapi yaitu derajat keparhan p-value 0,019 dan lama penyakit p-value 0,033.Kata kunci: Gagal ginjal kronis, cost of Illness, farmakoekonomi
Arginase as a potential cancer treatment: a review
Authors: Puspitasari Endah , Nafiah Silvia Imana , Trinita Melinda Ayu
Published: January 2024

Background: The high prevalence of cancer leads to the development of new strategies for cancer therapy. The FDA has already approved the amino-acid degrading enzyme as a treatment for lymphoma and leukemia. Furthermore, research related to other amino acid-degrading enzymes was carried out to open up the potential for the development of new cancer therapy strategies. As an amino acid-degrading enzyme, arginase breaks down arginine into urea and ornithine. It is an important part of the urea cycle and may be able to fight tumors.Objective: This article review aims to provide information related to arginase in cancer therapy.Method: This review article was written based on a literature study by using electronic databases, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed, from the last 10 years of publication, using keywords: therapeutic enzymes, cancer arginine, arginase, and recombinant human arginase.Results: Studies showed that arginase has the potential for cancer therapy. Arginase production has been carried out in several scientific studies and showed good results.Conclusion: Arginase has the potential to be developed as a cancer therapy. Hence, the development of arginase production can be one of the solutions for alternative cancer treatments.Keywords: Arginase, amino acid-degrading enzyme, cancer
IntisariLatar belakang: Tingginya prevalensi kanker secara global mendorong pengembangan baru strategi terapi kanker. Asparaginase sebagai enzim pendegradasi asam amino telah digunakan dan disetujui oleh FDA untuk terapi leukimia dan limfoma. Selanjutnya, penelusuran terkait enzim pendegrasi asam amino lainnya dilakukan untuk membuka potensi pengembangan strategi terapi kanker yang baru. Arginase merupakan pendegradasi asam amino yang berperan dalam siklus urea dengan menghidrolisis arginin menjadi urea and ornitin dan memiliki potensi aktivitas antitumor.Tujuan: Ulasan artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi terkait enzim arginase dalam terapi kanker.Metode: Strategi pencarian dilakukan pada database elektronik pada artikel dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir, meliputi database Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan PubMed. Kata kunci yang digunakan diantaranya therapeutic enzymes, cancer arginine, arginase, dan recombinant human arginase.Hasil: Beberapa studi menunjukkan bahwa arginase berpotensi menjadi terapi kanker. Produksi arginase telah dilakukan dalam beberapa penelitian ilmiah dan menunjukkan hasil yang baik.Kesimpulan: Arginase memiliki potensi menjadi terapi kanker, sehingga pengembangan produksi arginase dapat menjadi salah satu solusi untuk alternatif pengobatan kanker.Kata kunci: Arginase, enzim pendegradasi asam amino, kanker
2D Behavior of Gravity at Large Distances
Authors: Kumar Naman
Published: January 2024

We show that the entropy or information flow of a gravitational system constrains the dependence of gravitational force on radial distance r which for very large r is equivalent to gravity in two dimensions. This explains the "origin" of dark matter and provides a natural solution to the problem of flat rotation curves of galaxies at very large distances and a larger deflection angle for a gravitational lens.
Brain Area-Specific Methylation Signatures Mark Patients With Schizophrenia
Authors: Morgera Valentina , Feola Antonia , Improda Teresa , Pezone Antonio
Published: January 2024

D-Aspartate and D-Serine serve as primary agonists at glutamate receptors, playing a crucial role in modulating synaptic plasticity and cell migration within the central nervous system. The pre-cise regulation of their levels is essential and intricately linked to the expression of their synthetic and catabolic enzymes, which are, in turn, primarily influenced by epigenetic modifications. In a comprehensive analysis, we examined the methylation profiles of the promoters and transcription start sites of critical genes associated with D-Aspartate and D-Serine metabolism in human post-mortem brain tissues sourced from normal individuals and those diagnosed with schizo-phrenia. Our approach involved a qualitative method capable of identifying specific families of methylated alleles known as epialleles, sharing a common pattern of methylated non-contiguous CpGs, referred to as cores. These methylated traits exhibit stability and consistency within com-plex populations of diverse DNA-methylated molecules. Our findings reveal brain area-specific methylation signatures to the DDO, DAO and DAOA genes serving as distinctive markers that differentiate normal brain areas from those affected by schizophrenia. These methylation patterns align with the reported high D-Aspartate and low D-Serine levels observed in schizophrenic brain areas. The study suggests a potential link between epigenetic modifications and the dysreg-ulation of these neurotransmitters in schizophrenia.
The Healthy and Diseased Retina Seen through Neuron-Glia Interactions
Authors: Tempone Matheus Heidemann , Borges-Martins Vladimir Pedro , César Felipe Godinho Galvão , Alexandrino-Mattos Dio Pablo , De Figueiredo Camila Saggioro , Raony Icaro , Dos Santos Aline Araujo , Duarte-Silva Aline Teixeira , Dias Mariana Santana , Freitas Hercules Rezende , De Araújo Elizabeth Giestal , Ribeiro-Resende Victor Tulio , Cossenza Marcelo , Petrs-Silva Hilda , Paes-de-Carvalho Roberto , Ventura Ana Lucia Marques , Calaza Karin da Costa , Silveira Mariana Souza , Kubrusly Regina Célia Cussa , De Melo Reis Ricardo Augusto
Published: January 2024

The retina is the sensory tissue responsible for the first stages of visual processing, with a conserved anatomy and functional architecture among vertebrates. To date, retinal eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma and others, affect nearly 170 million people worldwide, resulting in vision loss and blindness. To tackle retinal disorders, the developing retina has been explored as a versatile model to study intercellular signaling, as it presents a broad neurochemical repertoire. Retina, dissociated and arranged as typical cultures, as mixed or neuron- and glia-enriched, and/or organized as neurospheres or as organoids are valuable to understand both neuronal and glial compartments which have contributed to reveal roles and mechanisms of transmitter systems as well as antioxidants, trophic factors, and extracellular matrix proteins. Overall, contributions in understanding neurogenesis, tissue development, differentiation, connectivity, plasticity, and cell death are widely described. A complete access to the genome of several vertebrates, as well the recent transcriptome at the single cell level at different stages of development also anticipates future advances in providing cues to target blinding diseases or retinal dysfunctions.
Galactic Spiral from ROTASE Model with Large Enough ρ Is Equivalent to Archimedean Spiral
Authors: Pan Hongjun
Published: January 2024

This paper serves as a seamless continuation of the previous work titled "Special Spirals are Produced by the ROTASE Galactic Spiral Equations with the Sequential Prime Numbers." Upon revisiting the data, a noteworthy observation emerged: the special spirals can be meticulously aligned with the prime spiral on a point-by-point basis through careful scaling and rotation for the parameter ρ remaining a constant greater than one. As ρ increases, both the scaling factor and rotation angle exhibit a corresponding augmentation, albeit with an intriguing caveat—the rotation angle asymptotically approaches its limit of 90°. Notably, the galactic spiral can be perceived as a remarkably close approximation of the Archimedean spiral, with the degree of proximity increasing as ρ grows larger. Furthermore, an intriguing correspondence arises when ρ takes on a value of 1; at this value, the galactic spiral bears a striking resemblance to the Fermat spiral, the space between two consecutive spiral loops undergoes a continuous reduction as the loop's radius expands, yet it never diminishes to zero; simultaneously, the area between two successive loops experiences an augmentation with the value of ρ.
Repair and Misrepair of Telomeric DNA in Dynamic Interactions with PML Nuclear Bodies and Lamin B1. A Gear-Wheel Nuclear Traffic.
Authors: Salmina Kristine , Rūmnieks Fēlikss , Pjanova Dace , Erenpreisa Jekaterina
Published: January 2024

Telomeres in epithelial tumours are usually maintained by telomerase, however, in the breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line, polyploid cells, induced by doxorubicin (DOX) were found, after mitotic slippage, transiently shifting to recombinatory alternative telomere lengthening (ALT) in PML bodies (APBs). The involvement of the meiotic recombination proteins was evidenced here by juxta-co-localisation of SPO11, DMC1 and RAD51/γH2AX with APBs in these and melanoma SkMel28-DOX-treated cells. Using sublethal doses of DOX we also observed the formation of the PML dimeric rod tandems linking γH2AX/TRF2 foci into ribbons discontinuously inserted into lamin B1 and circumventing cell nuclei. Next, we link these PML-lamin B1 insertions and peripheral rotation of the tandemly linked telomere repeats with the mobility of the nuclear envelope limited chromatin sheets (ELCS). ELCSs comprise two layers of the criss-crossed ~30 nm granules derived from surface heterochromatin (epichromatin) which contains telomere repeats enriched in GpC, PML, and ALU. ELCS protrude, circumvent, loop, split, fuse, and rejoin polyploid cell nuclei. We propose this gear-wheel-like turnover of telomere repeats to be used for the homology search. Interstitial and end-telomere repeats flanked by fragile ALU-Z flipons become recognised by SPO11 nuclease, attract TRF2, PML, and meiotic recombinases. Subsequently, they perform ALT recombining subtelomeres and telomeres or undergo non-homologous end-joining and chromosome rearrangements with ELCS. This mechanism increases the chance of cell survival and may be involved in chromothripsis.
Climate Change and Dew and Rain Evolution in Semi-arid South-Western Madagascar between 1991 and 2033 (Extrapolated)
Authors: Rasoafaniry Adriana , Muselli Marc , Beysens Daniel
Published: January 2024

In the context of global warming and increasing scarcity of fresh water resources, it becomes siginificant to evaluate the contribution and evolution of non-rainfall waters such as dew. This study therefore evaluates the relative dew and rain contributions in three sites in south-western of Madagascar (Ifaty, Toliara and Andremba), a semi-arid region which suffers of a strong water deficit. The studied period is 1991 – 2023, with extrapolation to 2033. Dew is calculated from meteo data using a well-established energy model. The extrapolation uses an artificial neural network approach. While the yearly dew/rain ratio remains modest (3-4%) dew forms regularly (2-3 days in average between events), in contrast to rain (10-15 days). The evolutions of dew and rain are similar, with an increase from 1991 to 2000, a decrease up to 2018 and a further increase till 2033. These oscillations follow the Indian Ocean dipole variations and should be influenced by the climate change. Dew contribution to the water balance is important during the dry season (Apr.-Oct.), up to 80%. Dew therefore appears to be a reliable and sustainable resource for plants, small animals and population, especially during droughts.
Multimillets for a Healthy Lifestyle: A Review on India's Nutritional Powerhouses
Authors: Bhosle Priti , Pawar Vijaya , Shinde Gopal , Pawar Godawari
Published: January 2024

This review explores the multifaceted role of multimillets in promoting a healthy lifestyle, focusing on their processing challenges, nutritional values, nutraceutical properties, antinutritional factors, and the emergence of biofortified varieties in India. Millets, known for their resilience and adaptability, present both opportunities and challenges in processing, demanding innovative solutions. Their rich nutritional profile, including high fiber, essential minerals, and antioxidants, contributes significantly to a balanced diet. The nutraceutical potential of millets further underscores their therapeutic properties, offering preventive measures against lifestyle-related health issues. However, the presence of antinutritional factors necessitates careful consideration. Biofortified millet varieties in India have emerged as a promising solution to enhance micronutrient content, addressing malnutrition concerns. This review synthesizes current knowledge, providing insights into the diverse aspects of multimillets and their pivotal role in fostering a healthier lifestyle in India.
Numerical Study of the Effect of Primary Nozzle Geometry on Supersonic Gas-Solid Jet of Bypass Injected Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Device
Authors: Zhang Lite , Feng Yang , Wu Sifan , Jia Huixia
Published: January 2024

A two-way coupled model between polydisperse particle phases with compressible gases and a density-based coupling implicit solution method combining the third-order MUSCL with QUICK spatial discretization scheme and the second-order temporal discretization scheme are constructed based on the discrete-phase model (DPM) and the stochastic wander model (DRWM) in the Eu-lerian-Lagrangian framework in conjunction with a unitary particulate source (PSIC) approach and the SST k-ω turbulence model. The accuracy of the numerical prediction method is verified using previous supersonic nozzle gas-solid two-phase flow experiments. Numerical simulation of two-phase jet of dry powder extinguishing agent gas with pilot-type supersonic nozzle was carried out to analyze the influence of geometrical parameters such as length ratio rL and area ratio rA of main nozzle on the two-phase flow field as well as on the jet performance indexes such as particle mean velocity vp,a, velocity inhomogeneity Φvp, particle dispersion Ψp, particle mean acceleration ap,a and so on. By analyzing the parameters, we indicate the requirements for the combination of jet performance metrics for different flame types such as penetrating, spreading, and dispersing.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Cervical Tactile Ultrasound Technique as a Predictive Tool for Spontaneous Preterm Birth
Authors: Egorov Vladimir , Rosen Todd , Hill Jennifer , Khandelwal Meena , Kurtenoks Victors , Francy Brendan , Sarvazyan Noune
Published: January 2024

This study aims to explore the applicability of an innovative cervical tactile ultrasound approach for predicting spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). Eligible participants were women with low-risk singleton pregnancies in their second trimester, enrolled in this prospective observational study. A Cervix Monitor (CM) device was designed with a vaginal probe comprising four tactile sensors and a single ultrasound transducer operating at 5 MHz. The probe enabled the application of controllable pressure to the external cervical surface, facilitating the acquisition of stress-strain data from both anterior and posterior cervical sectors. These data were used to calculate cervical elasticity, as a stress-to-strain ratio. CM examination data were analyzed for 127 women at 24 - 28 gestational weeks. PTB was observed in 6.3% (8 out of 127) of the cases. The preterm group exhibited a lower average cervical stress-to-strain ratio (elasticity) of 0.70±0.26 kPa/mm compared to the term group's 1.63±0.65 kPa/mm, with a significant p-value of 1.1×10-4. Diagnostic accuracy for predicting spontaneous preterm birth based solely on cervical elasticity data was found to be 95.0% (95% CI, 88.5–100.0). These findings suggest that measuring cervical elasticity with the designed tactile ultrasound probe could potentially predict spontaneous preterm birth in a cost-effective manner.
Preoperative Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Infection in Patients Undergoing Hip or Knee Revision Arthroplasties: Development and Validation of Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Di Matteo Vincenzo , Morandini Pierandrea , Savevski Victor , Grappiolo Guido , Loppini Mattia
Published: January 2024

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total hip and knee arthroplasty remains an extremely challenging and relatively high complication. This study aims to develop, validate and evaluate the use of machine learning (ML) algorithm to predict PJI in patients undergoing revision arthroplasties. Methods: A comprehensive review of patients undergoing hip or knee revision arthroplasty from 1 January 2015 to 31 March 2021 was conducted. Clinical data coming from preoperative patients history, laboratory analysis and demographic characteristics of patients were screened. Final data have been used to train a Logistic Regression model with the aim of predicting PJI preoperatively. Results: 1360 patients were enrolled, 1141 in the aseptic cohort and 219 in the infected cohort were included. ML demonstrated good discriminatory performance in predicting PJI in the selected patients (area under the curve 0.770 ± 0.006 in the training set and 0.720 ± 0.057 in the test set), and identified 3 significant predictors of PJI. Conclusion: ML algorithm trained using preoperative clinical data accurately predicted PJI. The incorporation of ML models into preoperative assessment of patients undergoing prosthetic revision procedures are useful in providing specific risk assessment to aid individualised counselling, shared decision making and presurgical optimization.
The Cocoa Value Chain: From Nutraceutical Properties to Sustainability Issues. A Focus on Fair Trade in Italy
Authors: Clodoveo Maria Lisa , Giordano Simona , Corbo Filomena
Published: January 2024

Keywords: Cocoa value chain; Fair trade; Chocolate; Sustainable development; SDGs
Genome-Wide Classification of Myb Domain-Containing Protein Families in Entamoeba invadens
Authors: Cuellar Patricia , Castañeda-Ortiz Elizabeth J. , Rosales-Zarza César , Martínez-Rodríguez Carlos E , Canela-Pérez Israel , Rodriguez Marío Alberto , Valdés Jesús , Azuara-Liceaga Elisa
Published: January 2024

Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of amebiasis, is the third leading cause of death among parasitic diseases globally. Its life cycle includes encystation, which has been mostly studied in Entamoeba invadens, responsible of reptilian amebiasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are not fully understood. Therefore, we focused on the identification and characterization of Myb proteins, that regulate the expression of encystation-related genes in various protozoan parasites. Through bioinformatic analysis, we identified 47 genes in E. invadens encoding MYB-domain-containing proteins. These were classified into single-repeat 1R (19), 2R-MYB proteins (27), and one 4R-MYB protein. The in silico analysis suggests that these proteins are multifunctional, participating in transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, telomere maintenance, and splicing. Transcriptomic data analysis revealed expression signatures of eimyb genes, suggesting a potential orchestration in the regulation of early and late encystation-excystation genes. Furthermore, we identified 3135 probable target genes associated with reproduction, meiotic cell cycle, ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism, and endosomal transport. In conclusion, our findings suggest that E. invadens Myb proteins regulate stage-specific proteins and a wide array of cellular processes. This study provides a foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms governing encystation and unveils potential targets for therapeutic intervention in amebiasis.
Removal of Dibenzothiophene from Fuel Oil by Deep Eutectic Solvent/Carbon Nanotube Composite Hydrogel
Authors: Liu Yue , Chen Hongyu , Cui Yingna , Li Shenmin
Published: January 2024

The combustion of fuel oil releases sulfur compounds, which react to form sulfur oxides that are harmful to the environment and pose a threat to human health. To mitigate these negative effects, it is crucial to pretreat fuel oil through desulfurization processes. One promising approach involves the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and their composites (DESs/CNTs) to effectively reduce sulfur content in fuel oil.However, the conventional methods of DES-based extraction desulfurization and CNT-based adsorption desulfurization suffer from low desulfurization rates. Additionally, the composite material DESs/CNTs is in a semi-solidified form, resulting in high viscosity, complex operation procedures, and increased waste and environmental pollution. To address these challenges, this study focused on the preparation of CNTs/PEG-PVA hydrogel. This hydrogel not only maintains the high desulfurization rate observed in the DESs/CNTs composite material but also possesses several advantages. Firstly, it is convenient to use, offering ease of handling and application. Secondly, it is biodegradable, meaning it can break down naturally over time, reducing its impact on the environment. Lastly, the hydrogel is reusable, allowing for repeated use, thereby minimizing material waste. The desulfurization rate achieved with the CNTs/PEG-PVA hydrogel is remarkably high, reaching up to 99.8%. Moreover, the material utilization rate is close to 100%, meaning that almost all of the hydrogel is utilized in the desulfurization process, reducing unnecessary material consumption. In summary, the innovative CNTs/PEG-PVA hydrogel presents a highly efficient and environmentally friendly solution for desulfurization in fuel oil. Its superior desulfurization rate, alongside its convenience, biodegradability, and reusability, positions it as a promising alternative that not only ensures effective desulfurization but also contributes to sustainable practices in the energy industry.
Ultrasound Image Analysis with Vision Transformers – Review
Authors: Vafaeezadeh Majid , Behnam Hamid , Gifani Parisa
Published: January 2024

Ultrasound (US) has become a widely used imaging modality in clinical practice, characterized by its rapidly evolving technology, advantages, and unique challenges such as low imaging quality and high variability. There is a critical need to develop advanced automatic US image analysis methods to enhance diagnostic accuracy and objectivity. Vision transformer, a recent innovation in machine learning, has demonstrated significant potential in various research fields, including general image analysis and computer vision, due to its capacity to process large datasets and learn complex patterns. Its suitability for automatic US image analysis tasks, such as classification, detection, and segmentation, has been recognized. This review provides an introduction to vision transformer and discusses its applications in specific US image analysis tasks, while also addressing the open challenges and potential future trends in its application in medical US image analysis. Vision transformer has shown promise in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of ultrasound image analysis and is expected to play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions using ultrasound imaging as technology progresses.
Biomaterials Functionalized with Inflammasome Inhibitors - Premises and Perspectives
Authors: Vinţeler Norina , Feurdean Claudia Nicoleta , Petkes Regina , Barabas Reka , Boşca Bianca Adina , Muntean Alexandrina , Feștilă Dana , Ilea Aranka
Published: January 2024

The aim of this review was to search in literature, data regarding the inflammasome, involvement in, oral pathologies (mainly periodontitis) and other diseases and the approaches to control the inflammasome-related pathogenic mechanisms. The review also investigated how phytochemicals and pharmaceutical substances could be used to inhibit the inflammasome activity. Inflammasomes are involved in inflammatory, autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. Pharmaceutical substances can control the inflammasome by three mechanisms: inhibiting of intracellular signaling pathways (Allopurinol and SS-31), blocking inflammasome components (VX-765, Emricasan and VX-740), and inhibiting cytokines mediated by the inflammasome (Canakinumab, Anakinra and Rilonacept). Phytochemical inhibit the inflammasome, by neutralization of reactive oxygen species. Biomaterials functionalized by the adsorption of therapeutic agents on different nanomaterials may represent a future research direction to facilitate multimodal and sequential treatment in oral pathologies.
Emerging Epigenetic Targets and Their Molecular Impact on Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Ranasinghe A. Dushani C. U. , Tennakoon T.M. Parinda B. , Schwarz Margaret A.
Published: January 2024

Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is a terminal disease characterized by severe pulmonary vascular remodeling. Unfortunately, targeted therapy to prevent disease progression is limited. Here, the vascular cell populations that contribute to the molecular and morphological changes of PH in conjunction with current animal models for studying vascular remodeling in PH will be examined. The status quo of epigenetic targeting for treating vascular remodeling in different PH subtypes will be dissected, while parallel epigenetic threads between pulmonary hypertension and pathogenic cancer provide insight into future therapeutic PH opportunities.
The Role of Dioxygen in Microbial Biocatalysis and Biodegradation – Challenging Biochemistry, Illustrated by a Short History of a Long Misunderstood Enzyme
Authors: Willetts Andrew
Published: January 2024

a Special Issue of Microorganisms devoted to ‘Microbial Biocatalysis and Biodegradation’ would be incomplete without some form of acknowledgement of the many important roles that dioxygen-dependent enzymes (principally mono- and dioxygenases) play in relevant aspects of biooxygenation. This is reflected by the multiple strategic roles that dioxygen -dependent microbial enzymes play both in generating valuable synthons for chemoenzymatic synthesis, and in facilitating key reactions that drive the global geochemical Carbon Cycle. A useful insight into this relationship can be gained by reviewing the evolution of the current status of 2,5-diketocamphane 1,2-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.108) from camphor-grown Pseudomonas putida ATCC 17453. Over the last sixty years, the perceived nature of this monooxygenase has transmogrified significantly. Commencing in the 1960s, extensive initial studies consistently reported that the enzyme was a monomeric true flavoprotein dependent on both FMNH2 and nonheme iron as bound cofactors. However, over the last decade all those criteria have changed absolutely, and the enzyme is currently acknowledged to be a metal ion-independent homodimeric flavin-dependent two-component monooxygenase deploying FMNH2 as a cosubstrate. That transition is a paradigm of the ever evolving nature of scientific knowledge.
CoQ10 and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Fišar Zdeněk , Hroudová Jana
Published: January 2024

Progress in understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is based on the recognition of the primary causes of the disease, which can be deduced from the knowledge of risk factors and biomarkers measurable in the early stages of the disease. Insights into risk factors and the time course of biomarker abnormalities point to a role for mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the onset and development of AD. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipid antioxidant and electron transporter in the mitochondrial electron transport system. The availability and activity of CoQ10 is crucial for proper mitochondrial function and cellular bioenergetics. Based on the mitochondrial hypothesis of AD and the hypothesis of oxidative stress, the regulation of the efficiency of the oxidative phosphorylation system by means of CoQ10 can be considered promising in restoring the mitochondrial function impaired in AD, or in preventing the onset of mitochondrial dysfunction and the development of amyloid and tau pathology in AD.
Teacher Educators’ Perceptions of Factors Influencing Gender Mainstreaming Implementation in University Teaching 25 Years after Beijing
Authors: Miralles-Cardona Cristina , Chiner Esther , Tichá Renáta , Abery Brian H. , Cardona-Moltó María-Cristina , Sanhueza-Henríquezz Susan V
Published: January 2024

Keywords: gender equality policy; initial teacher education; teacher educators’ perceptions; gender perspective; university teaching; sustainable development; SDG5; SDG4.
AliAmbra – Enhancing Customer Experience through the Application of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques for Survey Data Assessment and Analysis
Authors: Mpouziotas Dimitris , Besharat Jeries , Tsoulos Ioannis , Stylios Chrysostomos
Published: January 2024

AliAmbra is a project developed to explore and promote high-quality catches of the Amvrakikos Gulf GP to Artas’ wider regions. In addition, this project aimed to implement an integrated plan of action, to form a business identity with high-added value and achieve integrated business services adapted to the special characteristics of the area. The action plan for this project was to actively search for new markets, create a collective identity for the products, promote their quality and added value, engage in gastronomes and tasting exhibitions, dissemination and publicity actions, as well as enhance the quality of the products and markets based on the customer needs. The primary focus of this publication is to observe and analyze the data retrieved from various tasting exhibitions of the AliAmbra project, with a target goal of improving customer experience and product quality.
A review concerning the perspectives in developing the floating wind farms
Authors: Maktabi Mohamed , Rusu Eugen
Published: January 2024

Floating wind is becoming an essential part in terms of renewable energy. Therefore, highlighting the perspectives in developing the floating wind platforms is very important. In this paper, we focus on floating wind concepts and projects around the world. This will give a taste to the reader about what is going on in terms of the projects around the world. The main aim of this work is to further explain the collected data regarding the floating wind concepts and projects, and further classify them in terms of cost, power capacity, wind speed, water depth, and distance to shore.
Haemophilia and Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zanon Ezio , Porreca Annamaria , Simioni Paolo
Published: January 2024

Background: Opinions on the impact of cancer on patients with haemophilia literature are contradicting. There is a lack of data on the clinical presentation and management of cancer in patients with haemophilia (PWH). Methods: Papers were found following a comprehensive search in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus using the terms “cancer” and “haemophilia” without time limits and using the English language as a filter. The references of all retrieved original articles and reviews were assessed for additional relevant articles. Results: Overall, 116 papers were collected. Managing cancer in patients with congenital bleeding disorders, such as haemophilia A and B, requires careful evaluation of bleeding risk and the effect of antitumor treatments on blood coagulation. Generally, patients with haemophilia do not have an increased risk of developing cancer compared to the general population; increased risk is found in the presence of HIV or hepatitis infection. However, if a patient with haemophilia develops cancer, the treatment must be managed to minimise the risk of bleeding. Bleeding and thrombotic complications are important causes of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients with cancer; replacement therapy with factor VIII or IX or others should be maintained during antitumor treatment. Conclusion: Overall, managing cancer in patients with haemophilia requires careful evaluation and individualised planning involving a multidisciplinary team of physicians experienced in haematology, oncology, and surgery.
Monitoring of Women with Anti-ro/La Antibodies in Germany – Status Quo and Intensified Monitoring Concepts
Authors: Bedei Ivonne , Kniess David , Keil Corinna , Wolter Aline , Schenk Johanna , Sachs Ulrich , Axt-Fliedner Roland
Published: January 2024

Fetuses of pregnant women affected by anti-Ro/anti La antibodies are at risk to develop complete atrioventricular heart block (CAVB) and other potentially life-threatening cardiac affections. CAVB can develop in less than 24 hours. Treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs and immuno-globulins (IVIG) can restore normal rhythm if applied in the transition period. Routine weekly echocardiography as often recommended will seldomly detect emergent AVB. Surveillance of these pregnancies is controversial. To obtain an overview of the current practice in Germany we have developed a web-based survey sent by the DEGUM (German Society of Ultrasound in Med-icine) to ultrasound specialists.
Home-monitoring by hand-held Doppler is a promising new approach. With the intention to evaluate practicability, we instructed pregnant women at risk to use hand-held Doppler in the vulnerable period between 18-26 weeks at our university center.
Sustainability Evaluation of Hybrid Agriculture Tractors Powertrains
Authors: Pascuzzi Simone , Łyp-Wrońska Katarzyna , Gdowska Katarzyna , Paciolla Francesco
Published: January 2024

Agricultural tractors are high fuel-consuming and polluting machines, thus the introduction of new sustainable technologies, as hybridization, can be very impactful for the development of electric hybrid agricultural tractors. These vehicles combine the classic internal combustion engine with an electric machine, to reduce the environmental impact and improve the efficiency. This paper reports the modeling and the simulation conducted, using a simulation software typically used for on-road vehicles, of a two wheel-drive agricultural tractor in three different configurations: the conventional one, the series and the parallel electric hybrid powertrain. The simulated task is the trailing of a big square baler during the process of straw wrapping and baling. The evaluation and the comparison of the fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and the depth of discharge of the different configurations has been carried out to determine if it is possible to downsize the ICE, maintaining the same performances. This study points out that the hybridization of agricultural tractors powertrains is one of the most promising approaches to reduce pollutant emissions and fuel consumption.