bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELATIONSHIP OF THE QURAN AND OTHER RELIGIOUS SCRIPTURES: Studies on al-Muhaymin in Q.S. al-Mâidah 48
Authors: Iman Fuji Nur
Published: June 2020

This paper reviews the position of the Quran as al-Muhaymin toward the other religious scriptures. Specifically, the study focuses on Q.S. al-Mâidah [5]: 48, which explicitly contains the word “al-muhaymin”. That word in the mentioned surah triggers the polemics among mufassir and starts the discussion on its relation with the authenticity of the other previous holy books. Some relate the books’ authenticity with naskh and taḥrîf that leads to the claim of falsification within those books. By interpreting the word “al-muhaymin”, the author attempts to objectively re-comprehend the bond between the Quran and the previous holy books. By tracing the classic and modern tafsîr books, the author assumes that the Quran is the continuation of other books revealed by Allah in advance. The connection of the Quran and the previous books is as the sharia revealed by Allah to people with the similar universal principles. In this case, God and the principles within those books are the same, yet, it is formulated by the law which is dissimilar in the context. Both the Quran and the previous holy books have the same purpose that is to assure people’s safety and happiness.
THE PARADIGM OF MATN HADITH CRITICISM AND ITS TRANSFORMATION IN THE MODERN ERA
Authors: Siswanto Darul
Published: June 2020

Hadiths or Prophetic traditions as primary sources after Quran in Islamic teachings are important to examine and criticize in terms of authenticity and contents. This research aims at discovering the paradigm of matn hadith criticism used by hadith scholars by looking at their methodology. It is also an attempt to answer some Orientalist opinions about classical hadith scholars who only focus on the criticism of sanad and ignore the matn criticism. Through the inductive method, it can be said that the paradigm believed by hadith scholars in matn critique is the law of contradiction where it is impossible for two authentic hadiths to oppose each other as well as it is impossible for sahih and daif hadiths to be different (ikhtilâf). Then this research also tries to discover the form of transformation of the matn hadith criticism in the modern era and that Islamic values are still very relevant in all places and times. This research also shows that there are two forms of transformation, namely internal and external transformation, both of which are driven and influenced by the development and progress of the modern era.
Role of Kangaroo Mother Care in the Management of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in Both Term and Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review
Authors: Garg Bhawan Deep , Bansal Anju , Kabra Nandkishor S.
Published: June 2020

Background

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NNH) is the most common clinical sign seen in neonatal practice. Kangaroo mother care (KMC), a new strategy has been tried for the management of hyperbilirubinemia.

Aims

To evaluate the role of KMC for reduction of bilirubin and duration of phototherapy in term and preterm neonates.

Method

The literature search was done for various randomized control trials by searching the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, ongoing clinical trials and abstracts of conferences.

Results

This review included five RCTs that fulfilled inclusion criteria. Out of five trials, two trials reported a significant reduction in bilirubin and three trials reported a significant reduction in duration of phototherapy.

Conclusion

KMC may be a novel strategy in the management of NNH. However, due to small sample size and heterogeneity between the trials, the current evidence is not sufficient. Hence, large trials with adequate sample sizes are needed.
Editorial
Authors: Martí-Vilar Manuel , Grimaldo Muchotrigo Mirian
Published: June 2020

La Revista Digital de Investigación en Docencia Universitaria (RIDU) presenta un número dedicado a los “Valores y ética profesional” en plena crisis sanitaria provocada por el COVID- 19 que ha afectado a muchos ámbitos, pero especialmente a la Educación Superior. Es un honor ser editor invitado para esta quinta publicación de RIDU dedicada a temas monográficos relevantes de la Educación Universitaria. Con este número, RIDU está consiguiendo ser un espacio de conocimiento enriquecedor con investigaciones valiosas dentro del ámbito educativo de carácter internacional con participación de autores de universidades de México, Perú, Chile, España, Italia, Costa Rica y Argentina.
Escritura, Serpientes de Guerra y culto al Dios del Maíz en un sector de la región Puuc
Authors: García Nava David Azael
Published: June 2020

This contribution shows the results obtained from the study of the texts and images of some monuments carved in the Early Puuc style from several archaeological settlements in the wester sector, in sites such as Xcalumkín, Xcochá, Xculoc and Itzimté Bolonchén, the latter belonging to the eastern sector of the area. The investigation allowed to identify that several subordinate or sajal lords, influenced by the maya of the Usumacinta represented the War Serpent and some others the God of the Maize-Cacao, in addition to several toponymic records strikingly rare in these latitudes of the Mayan area as well as hieroglyphic groups such as K’ihn Ha’, “Hot Water”, and K’ihn Ajaw, “Solar Lord”, detected in Xcalumkín, linked to the Piedras Negras region. Also, the recognition of the supernatural place Nah Ho’ Chan Bob, “The Flowery place is the First Five Heavens”, in an inscription of Itzimte Bolonchen, in addition to identifying the Building of the Carved Columns of Xculoc, with a sacred space known as Wuk Chit K’an Nal, “Place of the Seven... Precious”, associated with the cult of the God of Maize-Cacao and the flowery tree. The message we wish to present in this essay is that through art and writing, several dignitaries legitimized their social position by disseminating images, symbols and scriptural discourses not well known to this region. The study offers new political and religious episodes in the life and cultural history of the Puuc Maya during the first half of the 8th century.
Elucidating the Visual Language of the Venus Table in the Dresden Codex: A Visual Semiotics Approach
Authors: Juárez Nájera Margarita , Castellanos Mariana
Published: June 2020

The visual language of the paintings has undergone a theoretical and pragmatic process, which is different than that of textual linguistics. In this paper we propose a method of analysis based on semiotics to elucidate and compare the visual response of six paintings of the pre-Columbian Maya Dresden Codex. The Venus table was chosen because it presents a calendrical-astronomical message through a visual language that makes its interpretation complex. We consider that the visual semiotics of the Quebec School represented by Saint-Martin and Shannon´s entropic comparison of the Venus table paintings may be applied to both classical and contemporary pictorial works to support the work of art historians.
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE BIOLOGICAL MODEL OF FRESHWATER FISH DANIO RERIO IN PRECLINICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Zub A. V , Zagrebin V. L , Dvoryashina I. A , Terentev A. V.
Published: June 2020

The article presents a literary review of domestic and foreign studies that reflect the possibility of using the biological model of Danio rerio (Zebrafish) in preclinical research. Data on the use of the toxicology Biomodel, determination of toxic and teratogenic effects of embryogenic substances, including certain medications, are presented. The use of zebrafish in modeling depression and stress, hypo- and hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus and in reproductive technologies is described. The proven effectiveness of the use of Danio rerio in preclinical studies and in modeling a number of human diseases is noted. The data of proteomic studies of the protein composition of cells are summarized zebrafish with the ability to determine the toxic effect at the molecular level.
THE NEAREST AND LONG-TERM RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF FOCAL PATHOLOGY OF THE THYROID GLAND
Authors: Sigal Z. M , Surnina O. V. , Bryndin V. V. , Sigal O. A
Published: June 2020

Currently, thyroid gland diseases (TG) are in second place among other diseases of the endocrine system and the need for surgical interventions is increasing. Therefore the purpose of article is the analysis of the immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of focal pathology of a thyroid gland. To a basis of work it is provided 10 - summer experience of BIH UR «Republican Clinical Diagnostic Center of Public Health Ministry of the Udmurt Republic». For characteristic of clinical material and studying of structure of nodal thyroid diseases stories of diseases and data of histologic researches of drugs TG of 623 patients were analysed. At various formations of a thyroid gland operations were carried out on the immediate and long-term results are analysed. In good-quality and malignancies of a thyroid gland specific indicators of local pulse and not pulse optical density are found. They define effective surgical tactics, indications to different types of an operative measure, promote prevention of a recurrence and complications in the next and remote postoperative the periods. The immediate and long-term results of treatment depend on the choice of an operative measure, timely diagnostics and also on recovery treatment after operation. When using in the presurgical period of the local optosonografichesky monitoring of focal pathology of a thyroid gland of bleedings, a necrosis of fabrics, iatrogenic complications and intraoperative damages of vessels, a recurrence offered and developed by us, lethality was not.
ANTITHROMBOTIC EFFECT OF A COMPOUND RU-1144 ON THE MODEL OF SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL THROMBOSIS
Authors: Spasov A. A , Kucheryavenko A. F , Smirnov A. V , Gaidukova K. A , Sirotenko V. S , Panshin N. G , Zhukovskaya O. N
Published: June 2020

In this study, the antithrombotic activity of a new chemical compound of a benzimidazole derivative, which has a shielded phenolic substituent in its structure, under the laboratory code RU-1144 was studied, which exhibits high antiplatelet and antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo tests. It was shown that the test sample has a pronounced antithrombotic effect and is superior in activity to the comparison drugs acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel in a model of cell thrombosis generated in mice.
INDICATORS OF NERVO-PSYCHIC DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMOTOR STATUS IN NEWBORNS IN THE LATE NEONATAL PERIOD
Authors: Tomilova E. A , Gordijchuk S. N , Zaharova G. Ja , Rybcova T. N
Published: June 2020

In age-related physiology and pediatrics, there is a need to study the indicators of physical and neuropsychic development at various stages of ontogenesis. In order to develop innovative forecasting methods and timely correction of reversible disorders of the central nervous system, the constitutional approach is of particular importance. In this work, we applied the concept of typological variability of physiological personality (V. Kolpakov et al.) To study spontaneous motor activity and establish individual typological characteristics of psychomotor status in newborns. The study confirmed that the indicators of the psychomotor status of newborns directly correlate with the level of their spontaneous motor activity, therefore this individual typological symptom must be taken into account when developing complex diagnostic algorithms for effective monitoring of transitional states.
HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY AS A FACTOR OF PERINATAL RISK OF SOMATIC PATHOLOGY IN CHILDREN
Authors: Shaposhnikova N. F , Davydova A. N , Markelov V. V , Yurchenko O. A
Published: June 2020

The article provides an analysis of the influence of various perinatal factors on the formation of somatic pathology in children and adolescents and its chronization options. Surveillance data for children who have undergone hypoxia and cerebral ischemia are presented, which allow more effective diagnosis and rehabilitation of frequently ill patients, children with allergic dermatoses, bronchial asthma, and diseases of the gastroduodenal zone.
STUDY OF EFFICIENCY OF 3-OXYPIRIDINE DERIVATIVES IN CORRECTION OF DISORDERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL PREECLAMPSIA
Authors: Yurakova A. V. , Skachilova S. Ya. , Danilenko L. M , Zatolokina M. A , Zatolokina E. S , Gureeva A. V.
Published: June 2020

The pathogenesis of preeclampsia is polyetiologic and not fully understood. One of the leading theories of pathogenesis is the theory of oxidative stress. Accordingly, the search for new drugs with antioxidant and antihypoxic effects is promising for the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia. Methods. The experiment was performed on 140 female white rats of Wistar strain weighing 250-300 g. The studied substances were administered within 7 days from 14 to 21 days of pregnancy. On the 21st day of pregnancy, functional tests were conducted. Results. Administration of 3-oxypiridine derivates in animals causes the expressed correction of pathological changes in experimental ADMA-like preeclampsia. There was a significant rise in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, the improvement of microcirculation in the placenta, restoration of endothelium NO-synthesis function, proteinuria reduction. Conclusion. The results of this study prove the future outlook of the use of 3-oxypiridine derivates for correction of functional changes in preeclampsia and substantiate the reasonability of further research in this direction.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THE CADET IN THE PERIOD OF ADAPTATION TO THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Yamanova G. A , Serdyukov V. G , Antonova A. A , Milyuchenkova L. A
Published: June 2020

A dynamic survey of cadets of the Cossack cadet corps aged 10-11 years was conducted in order to study the dependence of the adaptive reserves of the body on the tone and properties of the central nervous system. The study was conducted using the «Health-Express» hardware-software complex with an assessment of simple and complex visual-motor reactions, heart rate variability, and a number of additional techniques. The positive dynamics of adaptation to the learning process, the dependence of the success of adaptation processes on the strength of the nervous system and the predominance of the vagal influence of the autonomic nervous system are revealed.
ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF DENGUE VIRUS: MODELS OF CELL LINES AND THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR USE
Authors: Pimenova E. V. , Khrapova N. P , Zamarina T. V.
Published: June 2020

Recently the growth of dengue fever in both endemic and non-endemic regions of the disease was noticed. At present we don't know enough about the mechanism of the disease and its individual manifestations, so we need to study the issues of etiology, pathogenesis. In this regard, a literature analysis was conducted. It was shown that cell lines are used for identification, detection and development strategies for the creation of candidate vaccines against the dengue virus. The cell lines are often not inferior in sensitivity and rationality to the method of infection of laboratory animals. The review summarizes the recent experimental data about the use of cell lines as target cells to study different aspects of the dengue virus, we also noted their advantages and disadvantages.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN D LEVELS IN THE UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD IN NEONATES OF DIFFERENT GESTATIONAL AGE IN THE VOLGOGRAD REGION
Authors: Zayachnikova T. E , Krasilnikova A. S , Ostrovskij O. V. , Verovsky V. E , Shishimorov I. N , Magnitskaya O. V.
Published: June 2020

Vitamin D is an important prehormone which deficiency is recognized as a pandemic with many adverse effects on human health at the beginning of intrauterine development period. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with placental insufficiency, fetal growth retardation syndrome, miscarriage, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, low birth weight, increasing of autoimmune diseases. A study of pretenatal provision of vitamin D in newborns in the Volgograd region has not been carried out yet. Materials and methods: the 25(OH)D levels in the umbilical cord blood serum of 118 newborns was performed, then babies were randomized to 2 groups depending on their gestational age: the 1st group included preterm infants of gestational age from 24 to 36 weeks (n = 52); the 2nd group contained full-term newborns born from 37 to 41 weeks (n = 66). The analysis of socio-demographic and medical indicators characterizing the course of the prenatal period of a child's life was carried out. Pathomorphological features of the placenta and umbilical cord were compared according to pathological and morphometric data in the studied groups. Results: the proportion of premature babies with a 25(OH)D deficit is significantly higher than that of full-term babies (69,2 and 38,2 %, respectively, p < 0,001). Significant differences were found in the group of preterm infants in compare to full-term ones due to: gestational age, low Apgar score; low birth weight and body length, fetus-placental insufficiency and umbilical cord abnormalities (p < 0,05). Conclusions: the study showed the dependence of 25(OH)D deficiency on umbilical cord blood on gestational age, low birth weight and body length, low Apgar score, fetus-placental insufficiency, umbilical cord disease, maternal arterial hypertension during pregnancy. Further study of the predisposition to low prenatal provision of vitamin D in newborns babies in the Volgograd region is necessary.
CHANGES IN THE CORTISOL LEVEL IN STUDENTS SALIVA WITH DIFFERENT PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES DURING THE EXAMINATION STRESS
Authors: Nadezhkina E. Y , Novikova E. I , Marinina M. G , Muzhichenko M. V.
Published: June 2020

Non-invasive methods used to assess hormonal status under the influence of exam stress. The relationship between the increase in the concentration of cortisol in saliva during the exam on the level of anxiety and the individual characteristics of students in a given period of the educational process is revealed.
SEVERE COURSE OF WEST-NYLE ENCEPHALITIS IN A PATIENT OF SENILE AGE (A CASE FROM PRACTICE)
Authors: Popov S. F , Loannidi E. A , Alexandrov O. V.
Published: June 2020

The paper analyzed a severe clinical case of West Nile fever in a patient of senile age, characterized by an extremely severe and long course with prolonged intoxication, the development of the picture of meningoencephalitis, edema and swelling of the brain and multiorgan insufficiency.
RESEARCH OF INDICATORS OF SHORT-TERM MEMORY DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF THINKING STUDENTS
Authors: Marinina M. G , Nadezhkina E. U
Published: June 2020

The article studies the volume of short-term memory, depending on the type of thinking of the students of the VSSPU. The results showed that among students with verbal-logical thinking, the indicators of all types of memory are higher than among persons with visual-figurative thinking.
FEATURES OF CORRELATION OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC AND MYOTONOMETRIC STUDIES IN CHILDREN WITH ANOMALIES DENTOALVEOLAR SYSTEM
Authors: Kosolapova I. V. , Dorokhov E. V. , Kovalenko M. E
Published: June 2020

Disorder in the work of muscles of the maxillofacial region affects the development of dental anomalies. Control of myodynamic equilibrium and coordinated chewing muscle activity is necessary during the period of active growth and development of the dental skeleton. Surface electromyography and myotonometry were carried out for 38 children before the beginning of orthodontic correction at the age of 6 to 12 years, having abnormalities of dental system. The study showed a significant number of correlations between the functional activity of the chewing muscle. Integrative connections between recorded values are found, which determines the possibility of complex application of surface electromyography and myotonometry.
VEGETATIVE STATE AND REGIONAL HEMODYNAMICS IN OPERATORS WITH DIFFERENT CHRONOTYPES
Authors: Kudrin R. A , Lifanova E. V. , Plotnikova A. V.
Published: June 2020

Biorhythmological features and parameters of vegetative status of morning chronotype operators demonstrate a significant mutual influence. In particular, the value of cardiorespiratory ratio and final result of Ostberg - Stepanova test have a strong direct correlation (rs = 0,754), which represents high ability to adapt to stress in clearly defined «larks». Microhemodynamic parameters for morning and evening chronotype operators also have a pronounced biorhythmological determination. Clearly defined «larks» are characterized by a decrease in the contribution of the cardiac compensatory mechanism to the promotion of blood through the capillaries. At the same time, weakly defined «owls» have higher frequency values in the vasomotor and endothelial spectra.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF CAPILLIN IN ESSENTIAL OIL OF ARTEMISIA SCOPARIA
Authors: Airapetyan E. E , Mezenova T. D , Shevchuk O. M , Logvinenko L. A , Konovalov D. A
Published: June 2020

The method of identification and quantitative determination of capillin content in essential oil from the herb of Artemisia scoparia has been developed and validated. The method of chromatography in a thin layer of a sorbent with densitometric registration of analytical signal is applied. For the experiment, the essential oil of Artemisia scoparia obtained by hydrodistillation was used. Digital analysis of chromatograms was performed using the program «Videodensitometr Sorbfil». For chromatography used plates of the brand «Sorbfil» PTSX-P-A-UV, mobile phase-hexane-ethyl acetate (9:1). In daylight, four different intensity yellow spots appear on the chromatogram. Identified: capillol (Rf 0,29), capilline (Rf 0,61), capillen (Rf 0,80). Their content in the essential oil, as determined by the method of internal normalization in the experiment, is: capillol - 20,6 %, capilline - 47,8 %, capillen - 26,1 %. Validation of methodology was carried out according to its specificity (Rf capillina corresponds to Rf standard sample); sensitivity - limit of detection (PO = 13.7 mkg), the quantification limit (PKO = 41.6 mkg); linearity (the regression equation has the form: S = 1,1 103 m); the correctness of the method «introduced-found» (Хср = 103,7 %; Х = 9,1 %; RSD % = 9,9 %; Е = 8,8 %); precisionist on 6 samples analyte (Хср = 9,65 %; Х = 1,00 %; RSD % = 9,9 %; Е = 10,4 %).The method is planned to be used to control the quality of the medicinal plant and to study the variability of capillin content in the samples of essential oil from the herb of Artemisia scoparia of different geographical origin.
THE PROBLEM OF PATIENT SAFETY IN THE PROVISION OF MEDICAL CARE. OPINION OF DOCTORS EXPERTS ON THE QUALITY OF MEDICAL CARE AND PRACTITIONERS
Authors: Shkarin V. V , Ivasheva V. V , Emelyanova O. S , Zaklyakova V. D
Published: June 2020

The results of the survey of practicing doctors and experts of the quality of medical care about the problem of patient safety in medical organizations are presented.
FEATURES OF STRUCTURE OF THYROID GLAND IN CHRONIC STRESS AT EARLY STAGES OF POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS
Authors: Smirnova T. S , Kondakova L. I , Fedorova O. V , Muraeva N. A
Published: June 2020

Studies of the influence of chronic soft, hard immobilization and immersion stress on the early stages of postnatal ontogenesis (the breast period, the period of transition to independent nutrition and the pre-juvenile period) are presented.
ANALYSIS OF POSTURAL COMPENSATION OF PATIENTS WITH DENTAL JAW ANOMALIES
Authors: Vologina M. V. , Prokopenko N. V. , Pudikova O. P , Veremeenko T. V. , Ivanov N. A
Published: June 2020

Changes in the atlanto-occipital complex were studied during the treatment of patients with dentoalveolar anomalies in Volgograd. The reason for this study was complaints in orthodontic patients for pain in the cervical spine and headaches. To identify pathology in the cervical lordosis when decoding the teleretgenogram of the head in lateral projection, additional research methods were carried out.
FIRST CLINICAL EXPERIENCE OF USING A MASS HEAD COMPENSATOR FOR CORRECTION OF MUSCULO-TONIC PAIN SYNDROMES IN CERVICALS
Authors: Vorobev A. A , Barulin A. E , Andrjushhenko F. A , Kalinchenko B. M , Petrova K. G
Published: June 2020

Cervicalgia is one of the most common complaints among young people. The combination of drug therapy and non-drug methods of treatment is the most effective way to relieve pain. The article describes the use of traction methods for the correction of biomechanical relationships of the regions of the spine. The use of the original apparatus for vertical traction of the isolated cervical spine can reliably reduce the intensity of algic phenomena, reduce muscle tension, and can also be used as a prevention in individuals with prolonged static load.
THE FEATURES OF THE IMMUNE STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH COMBINATION OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
Authors: Iraklionova N. S , Belan E. B , Turkina S. V , Dotsenko A. M , Rudobaba E. L , Panina A. A , Myazin R. G
Published: June 2020

This article presents the results of the study of the immune status of the patients with inflammatory diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract depending on the presence of H. pylori infection and allergic rhinitis. A total of 65 patients aged 18 to 40 years were examined. The lymphocyte immunophenotype by CD markers, the level of IgM, IgA, IgG, circulating immune complexes, IL-4, IL-10, total IgE in serum were determined in all patients. It was revealed that the number of mature CD3+ lymphocytes increased while the number of CD22+ cells decreased in patients with H. pylori infection. In addition, the level of total IgE, IL-4, IL-10 in serum was reduced in this group of patients. The results of the study indicate that the presence of H. pylori infection in patients with allergic rhinitis is associated with a slightly different nature of immunological reactivity compared with monopathology (allergic rhinitis) and H. pylori-independent inflammatory diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
FEATURES OF FORMATION OF THE DENTAL SYSTEM IN CHILDREN DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF FEEDING
Authors: Kazantseva I. A , Vorontsova M. V , Usachev K. O , Bondareva N. N , Turdaliyeva F. M , Mikhaylova V. A , Labutova M. A
Published: June 2020

The authors conducted a retrospective analytical study at the bases of 5 municipal dental clinics in the city of Volgograd. We studied 250 outpatient cards for children aged 6 months to 6 years (50 cards in each clinic for the period from 2016 to 2019), who were treated by pediatric dentists and orthodontists. A survey was also conducted of 100 parents of patients (20 parents in each clinic). The results showed that of the risk factors for caries and dentofacial anomalies, artificial feeding has a high negative effect. It was found that 87 % of the children in the study group from the moment of birth were breastfed, but were transferred to artificial nutrition under the age of 6 months. Of these, 19 % of the children were breastfed for no more than a month. 50 % of the children were transferred to artificial feeding at the age of 3-6 months, 18 % at the age of 6 months. In order to prevent caries, it is also necessary to refuse feeding the child with sweet dairy products.
TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF INTESTINAL INSUFFICIENCY SYNDROME IN SEVERE BLEEDING FROM GASTRODUODENAL ULCERS
Authors: Klimovich I. N , Maskin S. S , Abramov P. V , Golbrah V. A , Matyukhin V. V
Published: June 2020

Ischemia-reperfusion injuries (IRI) of the intestinal wall in patients with severe bleeding from gastroduodenal ulcers (GDU) lead to the development of intestinal insufficiency syndrome (IIS) in 45-65 % of cases with typical manifestation: lost of the barrier function of the intestinal wall, potentiation of systemic endotoxinemia by intestinal toxins and, as a consequence, the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Objective: to determine the directions of prevention and treatment of IIS and evaluate their effectiveness in patients with severe bleeding from GDU. Materials and methods. The treatment-and-prophylactic algorithm for IIS was applied in 81 patients of the main group with severe bleeding from GDU, the comparison group included 78 patients who received standard therapy. In all patients, hemostasis was achieved by the endoscopic injection method. Results and discussion. The pathogenesis and consequences of intestinal IRI determined the range of treatment and prophylactic measures that most significantly influence on the morphofunctional state of the intestine: correction of oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, metabolic disorders and regeneration processes in the bowel wall; intraluminal detoxification; stimulation of peristaltic activity and normalization of intestinal microflora. This targeted prevention reduced the development of IIS by 11 % in the main group of patients. The treatment of IIS stopped its pathological manifestations 2-3 days earlier than in the comparison group, to reduced the formation of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) by 18 %, overall mortality by 4 %, and mortality associated with IIS by 12 %. Conclusions. The proposed algorithm of treatment and prophylactic measures for patients with severe bleeding from GDU prevents and/or contributes to the rapid recovery of morphological and functional intestinal disorders, after IRI.
SPECTRUM OF CORRELATION BETWEEN PERIPHERAL BLOOD PARAMETERS AND RISK FACTORS IN STAGE III ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Korichkina L. N , Poselyugina O. B , Borodina V. N , Stebletsova N. I , Danilina K. S , Zenina O. Yu
Published: June 2020

In order to assess the main indicators of peripheral blood and their correlation with risk factors (RF) by gender in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) stage III on the background of hypotensive therapy, 98 patients were examined. Among them, 45 men are the first group and 53 women are the second group. The method of survey, objective examination and analysis of laboratory studies were studied FR: age, duration of the disease, body mass index, blood lipid and glucose levels, glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The main indicators of peripheral blood were studied in patients: the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). It turned out that in men and women with stage III AH, RF have a multidirectional relationship with the main indicators of peripheral blood. A decrease in red blood cells and hemoglobin in men was observed with an increase in blood lipids. The decrease in GFR led to a decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood. The ESR index increased with an increase in the lipid content in the blood. In women, with increasing age and seniority of the disease, there was a decrease in the number of red blood cells and the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood.
FIVE-YEAR EXPERIENCE OF LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERIES FOR COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors: Kovalenko N. V , Nenarokomov A. Yu , Vorobyov V. V , Ivanov A. I , Tolstopyatov S. Ye , Zhavoronkova V. V.
Published: June 2020

The current stage in the development of colorectal cancer surgery is characterized by the widespread introduction of minimally invasive technologies. Studies of recent decades have shown the acceptability and safety of endoscopic technologies in the treatment of colon cancer. Materials and methods: from 2014 to 2018, we performed 608 laparoscopic colon operations. 390 operations were performed on the rectum, including 291 with the preservation of the anal canal. 218 operations were performed on the colon. Results: the median duration of the operation was 180 minutes, blood loss - 100 ml, the duration of the postoperative period - 10 days. Postoperative complications occurred in 12,5 % of cases. Mortality was 1,1 %. Conclusions: performing laparoscopic surgery in compliance with all oncological principles in patients with colorectal cancer is a modern and very perspective way of operating patients with colon cancer.
METASTASIS OF BREAST CANCER IN THE INGUINAL LYMPH NODES. CLINICAL CASES
Authors: Kovalenko N. V , Deviatchenko T. F , Balabina M. A , Omelchenko S. A
Published: June 2020

Metastasis, the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant organs and their treatment-resistant proliferation in multiplelocations, remains a major clinical and biological challenge. The genetics of breast cancer metastasis is a very complexfield of study. It is relatively new and expanding [5]. This article describes the clinical cases of metastasis of breast cancer in the inguinal lymph nodes with the progression of the disease after radical treatment and the primary disseminated process with the defeat of inguinal lymph nodes.
EFFICIENCY OF USING CELLULAR TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE LIVER DISEASES
Authors: Kotkas I. E , Enukashvili N. I , Asadulaev Sh. M
Published: June 2020

The increase in the number of patients with diffuse liver diseases, the lack of efficacy from conservative treatments that produce long-lasting and stable outcomes, contribute to the search for alternative treatments. The goal is to assess the effectiveness of using autologous mesenchymal stem cells in treating patients with diffuse liver disease. Materials and methods: the study involved 2 groups of patients of 20 people each. The main group included patients who used autologous mesenchymal stem cells (20-25 million) introduced into the vascular liver channel as therapy. The control group included patients who were treated with L-ornithine-L-aspartate 1 package 3 times a day for 30 days. Benchmarks for evaluation of treatment effectiveness were determined 1, 3 and 6 months after the therapy. Results: in the main group, 3 months after treatment, a normalization of platelet levels was observed, whereas in the control group, platelets did not reach normal values and 6 months after treatment. 1 month after treatment, hepatic enzyme levels were normalized in the main group. The result was maintained 6 months after treatment. In the control group, the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) was above normal throughout the observation; the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) normalized to 3 months after treatment and then exceeded normal levels again 6 months from the start of therapy. The functional state of the liver according to the results of the lidocaine test at 6 months after treatment was normalized in 70 % of patients of the main group and in 25 % of patients of the control group. Manifestations of encephalopathy regressed in 65 % of patients in the main group and in 10 % of the control group. After 6 months of treatment, patients with low and reduced level of subjective comfort were absent in the main group, while in the control group such patients were 45 and 35 %, respectively. No complications have been identified against the background of the use of cellular technologies. Findings: the use of cellular technologies is an effective and safe way to treat patients with diffuse liver disease. Continuing research in this direction in the future will help to create algorithms for the use of stem cells in the treatment of patients with diffuse liver diseases.
KEARIFAN LOKAL SUKU SASAK DAN SUKU BALI DI LOMBOK SEBAGAI UPAYA REKONSILIASI KONFLIK [USING SASAK TRIBE AND BALINESE TRIBE LOCAL WISDOM IN LOMBOK AS AN EFFORT TO RECONCILE CONFLICT]
Authors: Indrawan Jerry
Published: June 2020

Communities that have differences in ethnicity, religion, customs, and regionalism always have the opportunity to deal with conflict. Inter-community conflict has implications for the pattern of everyday interactions, as seen in Lombok communities that consist of Muslims (Sasak) and Balinese (Hindu). Domicile patterns that group rather than blend create social segregation. Nevertheless, in the Sasak and Balinese tribes, there is local wisdom about ways of reconciliation in the event of a conflict. Every community has the potential to resolve conflicts within their own culture. Instead of involving outsiders, conflict resolution methods like this have proven to be more effective. This paper will examine how the local wisdom of each community, namely Sasak and Balinese, is used as an effort to reconcile the conflict between the two on Lombok.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstract: Masyarakat yang memiliki perbedaan etnis, agama, adat istiadat, dan kedaerahan senantiasa berpeluang untuk berhadapan dengan konflik. Konflik antar-masyarakat berimplikasi pada pola interaksi keseharian masyarakat, sebagaimana terlihat di masyarakat Lombok yang terdiri dari Muslim (Sasak) dan Bali (Hindu). Pola domisili yang tidak membaur, melainkan mengelompok, menjadikan adanya segregasi sosial. Walaupun demikian, dalam suku Sasak dan suku Bali terdapat kearifan lokal tentang cara-cara rekonsiliasi jika terjadi konflik. Setiap masyarakat mempunyai potensi untuk menyelesaikan konflik di dalam budaya mereka sendiri. Daripada melibatkan pihak luar, metode resolusi konflik seperti ini terbukti lebih efektif. Tulisan ini akan menelaah bagaimana kearifan lokal masing-masing masyarakat, yaitu Sasak dan Bali, digunakan sebagai upaya rekonsiliasi konflik antar-keduanya di Lombok.
KEKUATAN LAUT AS DI YOKOSUKA JEPANG DALAM MENGHADAPI KEKUATAN LAUT TIONGKOK DI CHINA’S NEAR-SEAS REGION (2013-2017) [US MARITIME POWER IN YOKOSUKA, JAPAN FACING CHINA'S MARITIME POWER IN CHINA'S NEAR-SEAS REGION (2013-2017)]
Authors: Malufti Muhammad Fauzan , Sudirman Arfin
Published: June 2020

This article aims to describe the function of US sea power in Yokosuka, Japan against Chinese sea power in China’s Near-Seas Region in 2013-2017. In the past two decades, the increasing of Chinese military power and coercive policy in the South, East, and Yellow China Sea, or the so-called China's Near-seas Region (CNR), have created regional security concern for the United States. The Chinese naval ability to carry out A2/AD operations in this area has eliminated the immunity of US warships that previously could operate freely without any significant threat. In order to confront the threat, the US government issued new policies, strategies and operational concepts where one of the most important elements of military force in charge of carrying it out was its sea power element in the form of surface warship stationed at the Yokosuka naval base. By using the concept of Sea Power and Maritime Warfare, this article concludes that in order to face the threats posed by China on CNR, US surface warships are expected to carry out strategies and operational concepts that are in line with two basic functions of sea power, sea control, and expedition operations albeit with a high risk in the event of war. This article uses a qualitative research method where data is collected through literature studies and interviews.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstract: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fungsi kekuatan laut AS yang ditempatkan di Yokosuka Jepang dalam menghadapi kekuatan laut Tiongkok di China’s Near-seas Region pada tahun 2013-2017. Dalam dua dekade terakhir, peningkatan kekuatan militer dan aktivitas koersif Tiongkok di LTS, LTT, dan Laut Kuning, dikenal juga dengan nama China’s Near-seas Region (CNR), telah menciptakan kekhawatiran bagi Amerika Serikat. Kemampuan angkatan laut Tiongkok untuk melakukan operasi A2/AD diwilayah ini telah menghilangkan imunitas kapal-kapal perang AS yang sebelumnya dapat beroperasi secara bebas tanpa adanya ancaman berarti. Untuk menghadapi ancaman tersebut, militer AS mengeluarkan strategi maupun konsep operasional baru dimana salah satu unsur kekuatan militer paling utama yang bertugas menjalankannya adalah unsur kekuatan laut dalam wujud kapal-kapal perang permukaan yang ditempatkan di pangkalan angkatan laut Yokosuka, Jepang. Dengan menggunakan konsep Sea Power dan Maritime Warfare , artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa guna menghadapi ancaman Tiongkok di CNR, kapal-kapal perang permukaan AS tersebut diharapkan dapat menjalankan srategi dan konsep operasional yang sesuai dengan fungsi dasar kekuatan laut yaitu pengendalian laut dan operasi ekspedisi meskipun dengan resiko yang tinggi jika terjadi perang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dimana data dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur dan juga wawancara.
Images of Russian political leaders as viewed by youth: a semantic reconstruction
Authors: Marin Egor B.
Published: June 2020

This article presents material associated with the semantic reconstruction of the images of Russian political figures as viewed by young students, based on material from an empirical study conducted in 2018. While conducting research, students attending higher and secondary professional education institutions in Primorsky Krai were surveyed. Such an undertaking as a semantic reconstruction of the images of Russian political figures allowed for identifying both the substantive and the structural properties of each image. The categorical structure of the semantic space of views on political leaders was defined. The general categories – selected based on associations – primarily include “leadership”, “moral and human qualities”, “intellectual”, “negative personal traits” and “political symbols”. The aforementioned categories, which were selected from the material on associations, bear specific similarities with those categories which were established using factor analysis of semantic differential data. The general categories for evaluating leaders based on semantic differential data include, first of all, “intellectual and leadership qualities”, “greed and hypocrisy – kindness”, “aggression and rudeness – handsomeness”. Within the structure of the category “negative personal traits” we can trace subcategories which are inverse to (or which mirror) the positive traits (stupidity is the opposite of intelligence and wisdom, aggressiveness is contrary to kindness). Additionally the substantive characteristics of the images of Russia’s four leading political figures (according to young people) were identified. A comparative analysis of the images of Russian politicians shows that positive personal traits, according to the respondents, are most apparently exhibited by Vladimir Putin and Ramzan Kadyrov. Incidentally both of them possess so called “leadership qualities” and high moral characteristics. Such data corresponds with modern Russian society’s demand for a competent, strong-willed and righteous leader. All in all the identified categories and groups of traits allow for reconstructing the organizational structure of subjective experience in perceiving political leaders, as well as the political thinking of young people. The data acquired in this study might be useful in the consequent study of the modern Russian people’s political awareness, and they could be used by political leaders and parties in conducting practical operations.
Values and their influence on the perception of patriotism among young people
Authors: Ivchenkov Sergey G. , Sayganova Elena V.
Published: June 2020

This article is based on the results of a sociological study of Saratov’s youth, conducted by means of mass survey. Examined are the theoretical approaches towards analyzing patriotism as a social phenomenon based on the notion of its multi-variance. The substantive content of the term “patriotism” is defined to a significant degree by those values which young people appreciate. It is shown that the diversity of value dominants creates seven models of patriotic attitudes: abstract patriotism, traditional, local (including household), liberal, democratic, critical and globalist anti-patriotism. Temporally all of these models shift in different and often times opposite directions. The older one gets – the more “abstract” and “traditional” models of patriotism diminish in terms of their importance, while local and liberal models grow, on the contrary (however, the proportion of household patriotism, which is included into the local category, does decrease). The process of maturing for young people is typically accompanied by a decreasing significance of the anti-patriotic interpretation.

Young people’s patriotism usually manifests itself in everyday life, and less commonly in political and celebratory activities. The younger generation takes the utmost pride in our World War 2 victory, as well as the culture and history of their country. The fact that upbringing has the greatest effect on developing patriotism among young people is confirmed. Other influential factors include (in order of diminishing importance) public organizations, structures of government power, mass media, the education system, religion. The authors’ analysis of the influence of patriotic events revealed that the greatest contributing factor to developing patriotism is when young people meet with veterans of various wars. Second place in that rating of effectiveness goes to watching feature films and reading books. All of Russian society’s social institutions appear to have vast unrealized potential when it comes to cultivating patriotic sentiments and views among young people. In order to fully realize this potential, the authors suggest not only drastically changing our perspective on such an issue as patriotism, but also initiating active work in regions and in local communities, assisting patriotic associations, clubs and other organizations focused on patriotism, paying close attention to the activities of educational institutions, intensifying patriotic work with students on behalf of the armed forces, and, finally, prompting mass media to radically change their perspective on patriotism and patriotic upbringing.
Donación de sangre y medicina transfusional en la prensa española
Authors: Bomfim de Souza Mariluce Karla , Santoro Domingo Pablo
Published: June 2020

Introducción: Los medios de comunicación cumplen un papel fundamental a la hora de fomentar la donación de sangre y de construir los valores y contenidos simbólicos que se asocian a ella. Objetivos: Estudiar las formas en que la prensa española trata la donación de sangre y otras cuestiones relacionadas con la medicina transfusional. Métodos: A partir de una búsqueda realizada en los diarios El País, El Mundo, ABC, La Vanguardia, El Confidencial y eldiario.es, se recopilaron 332 noticias publicadas durante 2016. Se realizó un análisis estadístico por frecuencia simple y un análisis de contenido. Resultados: Las noticias fueron clasificadas por temática, encontrándose que un 45,5% refería campañas y llamadas para donación; un 26,8% abordaba cuestiones organizativas relacionadas con los servicios y recursos transfusionales; un 19,6% trataba sobre investigación médica e innovaciones terapéuticas; y un 11,4% cuestiones didácticas o divulgativas. Además, un 24,4% de las noticias mencionaba explícitamente significados relacionados con valores como el altruismo, generosidad o solidaridad, mientras que un 29,8% hacía mención a territorios específicos. Conclusiones: Se identificaron cinco funciones que los diarios cumplirían respecto de la promoción y construcción simbólica de la donación de sangre: apelativa, didáctica, futurista, ideológica y construcción de identidades colectivas.
La entrevista prequirúrgica, un beneficio para el paciente
Authors: Méndez López Ángeles
Published: June 2020

Introducción: El estado de ansiedad es uno de los trastornos más habituales que experimenta un paciente que va a someterse a un acto quirúrgico. La entrevista prequirúrgica se convierte en una herramienta de comunicación útil para controlar la ansiedad a través de una intervención enfermera con el paciente, donde se proporciona información adicional sobre el proceso, con el fin de obtener el bienestar físico y psicológico del paciente. Objetivo: Analizar si la entrevista prequirúrgica es una herramienta útil para disminuir los niveles de ansiedad que experimenta el individuo frente a un acto quirúrgica. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos. Resultados: La mayoría de los artículos analizados muestran que la entrevista prequirúrgica posee una serie de ventajas frente al nivel de ansiedad del paciente, solo una mínima parte de los artículos no le encuentran un beneficio, pero en ningún caso sería perjudicial. Conclusión: La entrevista prequirúrgica se trata de un instrumento válido, ya que a través de su realización es posible establecer un clima de confianza y tranquilidad reduciendo la ansiedad del paciente, además de aumentar su grado de satisfacción.