bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ugruntowanie prawa do aborcji w konstytucyjnych zasadach prywatności, równości i wolności w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki a argumentacja Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z 22 października 2020 r.
Authors:   Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Chodorowska Anna , Łaszewska-Hellriegel Martyna ,   Uniwersytet Zielonogórski
Published: January 2023

The U.S. Supreme Court’s Roe v. Wade ruling was pivotal in American women’s fight for the right to abortion. It was based on the constitutional principle of the right to privacy and was criticized that it would be more appropriate to base it on the principle of equality. The aim of the article is to compare the way in which the U.S. Supreme Court rulings legalizing abortion have been argued with the Polish Constitutional Tribunal’s 2020 ruling limiting the already restrictive right to abortion. The article analyzes the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal and presents its potential effects in terms of women’s rights, gender equality and freedom. In its conclusion, the article points to possible legal solutions to the abortion dilemma and addresses the issue of gender discrimination.
Bezpieczeństwo narodowe (państwa) – uwarunkowania traktatowe
Authors:   Akademia Sztuki Wojennej w Warszawie, Kurek Justyna
Published: January 2023

The concept of national security is a non-normative term. In accordance with the EU jurisprudence it is left to be specified in the national systems of the Member States. This is as well the border point between the sphere of exclusive legislative competence and a specific dominion of Nation States. The specification of national goals is carried out in the spirit of values and axiology of the common EU environment, taking into account historical conditions and existential threats to a given nation state. Despite the tendency to unify national goals in the global, multicultural XXI century society, it is still crucial to set boundaries and search for references for the concept of national security (state security). In this context of the existential priorities of the Poland, its boundaries should be defined relatively narrowly, in the spirit of Art. 5, i.e. in relation to the so-called “a hard core” of key interests.
Naród jako podmiot ograniczający samego siebie w swoich prawach i wolnościach. Zasada suwerenności narodu jako podstawa dla funkcjonowania zasady wyłączności ustawy
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wolanin Mikołaj
Published: January 2023

The author writes about the relation between two constitutional principles: the sovereignty of the nation and the exclusivity of the statute, with the aim of checking whether the first one is not the basis for the functioning of the second one. Therefore, using the dogmatic, theoretical-legal and teleological methods, the author shows that, firstly, the Nation adopted the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, which allows to limit some human and citizen rights and freedoms by the statute, and then elected its representatives, who in the name, interest, and on the basis of the legitimation received from the Nation, statued such restrictions. That brought the author to the conclusion that in fact the Nation is the entity that limits itself in exercising its rights and freedoms.
Realizacja zadań publicznych polegających na prowadzeniu punktów nieodpłatnej pomocy prawnej lub/i nieodpłatnego poradnictwa obywatelskiego przez kościelne osoby prawne
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie, Daniluk Dawid
Published: January 2023

Running points of free legal assistance and/or free civic counseling can be entrusted to non-governmental organizations conducting public benefit activities. Non-governmental organizations are selected in annual open competitions for offers organized in each voivodeship by district and cities with district rights. The text discussees the issue of admissibility of performing above mentioned tasks by church legal entities. The analysis shows that, in principle, church legal entities are not entitled to do so, although in practice these tasks are carried out by them.
Intervalos de referência de hemograma da população adulta brasileira: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde
Authors: Sá Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de , Bacal Nydia Strachman , Gomes Crizian Saar , Silva Tércia Moreira Ribeiro da , Gonçalves Renata Patrícia Fonseca , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: January 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar os intervalos de referência (IR) de parâmetros de hemograma completo na população adulta brasileira. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), entre 2014–2015. A amostra final constitui-se de 2.803 adultos. Para estabelecer os IR, aplicou-se critérios de exclusão, removeram-se outliers e foram feitos particionamentos por sexo, idade e raça/cor da pele. Adotou-se o método não paramétrico. As diferenças foram avaliadas pelos testes Mann Withney e Kruskal Wallis (p≤0,05). Resultados: Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos IR segundo sexo para glóbulos vermelhos, hemoglobina, hematócrito, HCM, CHCM, eosinófilos, monócitos, neutrófilos absolutos e plaquetas (p≤0,05). Quando analisados por idade, houve diferenças nos IR de mulheres para hematócrito, VCM, glóbulos brancos e RDW, e nos homens em glóbulos vermelhos, glóbulos brancos, eosinófilos, volume plaquetário médios, VCM, RDW e HCM (p≤0,05). Para raça/cor, houve diferenças nos IR de hemoglobina, HCM, CHMC, glóbulos brancos e volume plaquetário médio, neutrófilos e eosinófilos absolutos (p≤0,05). Conclusão: As diferenças encontradas nos IR de alguns parâmetros de hemograma nos adultos brasileiros, reafirmam a importância de se ter padrões laboratoriais próprios de referência. Os resultados podem subsidiar a interpretação mais precisa dos exames, identificação adequada e a prevenção de doenças no Brasil.
Utilisation of Insect Gut as a Biosource for the Development of Future Biotransformation Processes
Authors: Akgedik Ayse Nur , Oder Gizem , Erdem Cansu , Bicakci Beyza Tutku , Bayraktar Oguz
Published: January 2023

Sustainability has been one of the main issues in the world in recent years. The decrease of resources in the world, along with the growing world population and the resulting environmental waste, present a fairly significant problem. As an alternative solution to this problem, insects are put forward as an ideal resource. Due to the enzymes and microorganisms in their intestinal microbiota, the biotransformation processes of insects are capable of converting wastes, organic materials and residues into valuable products that can be used for various industrial applications such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and functional foods. Some species of insects are in an advantageous position because of the simplicity of their lifecycle, the ease of their production and their ability to feed on organic materials to make valuable products. From a sustainability perspective, utilisation of the microorganisms or enzymes isolated from these microorganisms available in the microbiota of insects may allow novel insect-based biotransformation processes that promise a more sustainable world and novel green technologies.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF Fe3O4 NANOPARTICLES CONCENTRATION AND THE INTENSITY OF HOMOGENEOUS ALTERNATING MAGNETIC FIELD ON POOL BOILING
Authors: Ramezani Abutaleb , Khorasani Ahmadreza Faghih , Ayoobi Ahmadreza
Published: January 2023

Ferrofluids strongly enhance heat transfer in boiling phenomenon by changing the physical properties of the base fluid. The results will be impressive when the alternating magnetic field with regular frequency is applied to the ferrofluid boiling process. In the present research, pool boiling experiments were conducted using Fe3O4/water ferrofluid at three volume concentrations of 0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1% in two cases. The heater was a nickel-chromium wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm. The alternating magnetic field was generated by a pair of Helmholk coils. The results indicated that the onset of nucleate boiling (ONB) was delayed by increasing the concentration of nanoparticles in the base fluid due to the deposition of nanoparticles and reducing the bubble formation process. Moreover, an increase in CHF (critical heat flux) was observed with an increase in the concentration of nanoparticles from 7% to 46% due to the increase in the deposition on the heater surface. The heat transfer coefficient increased at low concentrations and decreased with increasing concentration. Hence, applying the magnetic field showed that the ONB is accelerated due to more fluid mixing, more homogeneous temperature distribution and, as a result, more heat transfer. Applying Lorenk force by an alternating magnetic field on ferrofluid particles and alternatingly changing its direction resulted in greater fluid circulation and the reduction of bubble retention time around the heater. As a result of more heat transfer and a decrease in the temperature of the wire heater, the heat transfer coefficient showed a significant increase.
USING DIGCOMPEDU TO CHART CHANGES IN TEACHER ONLINE ASSESSMENT DIGITAL PRACTICES AND COMPETENCIES AFTER THE PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: Risquez Angelica , Adshead Maura , Stepanenko Olha , Fitzpatrick Mary , Moloney David
Published: January 2023

The European Framework for the Digital Competence of Educators (DigCompEdu) is a robust, evidence-based framework that can be used both as a policy guide and an implementation aid for regional and national tools and training programs. It provides a general frame of reference to support the development and enhancement of educator-specific digital competencies. This article explores the use of the DigCompEdu framework in Ireland, looking at its deployment as a tool for analysis in one regional Irish university. We explore the use of the DigCompEdu framework as a mechanism to identify changes in pedagogic practice and competencies around online assessment practice as a consequence of teacher experiences of remote teaching, learning, and assessment during the COVID-19 global pandemic. Our survey questionnaire, which was administered to the teaching staff in an Irish university, categorized respondents according to their alignment with the Area 4 Assessment DigCompEdu proficiency statements. Additionally, a series of open-ended questions enabled respondents to give further details on their online experiences. These were interrogated using thematic analysis, which revealed a consensus on the advantages and disadvantages of the move to online space. However, most significantly, our analysis points not only to shifting digital competencies but also to shifting teacher roles. Remote teaching in the online format required changes to assessment and engendered a shift in the role of the teacher from a more traditional didactic model to one based on moderation and facilitation.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of SS316L prepared by selective laser melting
Authors: Chen Di , Li Ying , Pan Qingqing , Liu Ziqi , Shi Qile , Zhang Lin , Peng Jingguang
Published: January 2023

In this work, 316L stainless steel samples were prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) and the effects of the bulk laser energy density on the resulting density and mechanical properties were evaluated. The results show that the density and mechanical properties of SLM 316L stainless steel first improved and then deteriorated with increasing bulk laser energy density. When the bulk laser energy density was 70.2 J/mm3, the obtained tensile strength and yield strength vertical to the building direction were 720 and 546 MPa, respectively, which surpass the design requirements for forged 316L stainless steel. The influence of the microstructure on the mechanical properties of SLM 316L stainless steel is also discussed. The purpose of this research was to provide experimental data and a theoretical basis for high-performance 316L stainless steel fabricated by SLM.
A Study on Consumer’s Behavioral Intention and Use Behavior Based on UTAUT Theory: Centered around Mobile Delivery Apps
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Zhao Yonghui , Zhao Jia , Wang Xiaolei
Published: January 2023

Purpose – The growth of mobile delivery apps is expanding further due to the increase in nonface- to-face consumption due to social distancing in the COVID-19 situation. It is essential to understand what factors are causing this mobile delivery app market to grow significantly. Design/Methodology/Approach – To achieve the purpose of the study, independent variables were selected by searching for prior literature on UTAUT, and a questionnaire was designed according to the situation in Korea. The survey was conducted through Google Online, and statistical analysis of the research model was conducted using SPSS 25.0. Findings – According to the results of this study, the factors that significantly influence the intention to use mobile delivery apps were Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), and Facilitating Conditions (FC). In addition, the result indicated that Behavioral Intention (BI) had a statistically significant effect on Use Behavior (UB). Research Implications – This study will predict the user behavior of mobile delivery apps by dealing with the technical attributes of mobile delivery apps and the influencing factors that consumers recognize. In addition, as a mobile delivery app company, it is expected to play a role in establishing the marketing direction of mobile delivery apps.
A Study of Effects of Base Rate Changes on Equity Investment Performance
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Kim Sun-Je
Published: January 2023

Purpose – Since base interest rate change information affects stock prices with a time lag, the purpose of this study is to identify how much it affects stock returns for a certain period of time based on the base rate change date. Design/Methodology/Approach – The research method analyzed the effect of changes in the base interest rate, level of the base interest rate, and increase/decrease on stock investment performance with the stock index for ±20 days of base rate change from 2008 to November 2022. Findings – Stock returns for a certain period of time before and after the base rate change date were -0.33% in Korea and -1.08% in the US, respectively. The United States showed -1.46% and -0.70%, respectively. The daily stock return for a certain period was -0.02% in Korea and -0.04% in the US, and the daily stock return before and after the release of the base rate change was -0.07% and 0.03% in Korea and -0.09% and -0.01% in the US, respectively. appear. At the level of the base rate, in Korea, the base interest rate of 0.75% had lower interest rate, but the rate of return was negative, and the base rate of 1.25%, 1.75%, and 2.25% had both positive and negative rates of return. In the US, interest rates of 0.0% and 0.25% were low, but yields were negative, and rates of interest of 1.25% and 1.75% were both positive and negative. Research Implications – By empirically analyzing the impact of changes in the base interest rate on stock returns, it is to establish what investors should pay attention to when the central bank changes the base rate.
Futures and foresight of Croatian cultural heritage
Authors: Juranović Tonejc Martina , Ivanuš Martina
Published: January 2023

In today's challenging time of political instability and climate change, the question of what to expect from the future is asked more frequently than ever. This question occurs in all segments of society, including those segments related to cultural heritage. When we mention the term ‘cultural heritage’, the first thing that we associate with it relates to the past, our identity, to legacies or to something we have inherited. We identify it mostly with something valuable and something that we must protect. In this paper the protection of cultural heritage will be moved to the future. The main question asked is whether current views on heritage preservation/protection will be valid in the future. This paper is primarily about anticipating the future, and not predicting it, by showing the methods and techniques that identify processes that could affect the future of heritage protection and management in the Republic of Croatia. Research and definition of trends have been carried out, in accordance with which this paper anticipates possible changes in the approach of people towards cultural heritage conditioned by social, economic, technical, ecological and political trends. Based on established trends, several scenarios are developed with certainties and uncertainties. Scenarios lead us to a consensus about what kind of future we want, and they point out the possible problems facing the modern world and their impact on heritage.
Počeci primjene X-zraka i CT-a u restauriranju u Dalmaciji
Authors: Donelli Ivo
Published: January 2023

Prve je radiografske snimke napravio Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen 1895. godine, a prve radiografske snimke u konzervaciji i restauraciji napravljene su nedugo nakon otkrića rendgenskih zraka. Prve je pisane podatke o promišljanjima primjene X-zraka u Hrvatskoj u konzervatorsko-restauratorske svrhe, krajem 40-ih godina prošlog stoljeća u zagrebačkoj restauratorskoj radionici, ostavio konzervator Zvonimir Wyroubal. Međutim, početak primjene neinvazivne metode snimanja umjetničkih predmeta (slika) pomoću X-zraka, odnosno RTG uređaja, u Dalmaciji kreće nakon otvaranja restauratorske radionice u Splitu. Prema podacima, ovom je metodom snimljena jedna slika, Bogorodica s Djetetom iz crkve sv. Lovre u Trogiru, otprilike između 1957. i 1964. godine. Arheološki muzej u Zadru oko 1975. godine počinje primjenjivati RTG tehniku snimanja arheološkog materijala. Prva snimanja arheološkog materijala u Dalmaciji uporabom CT-a (kompjuterizirana tomografija) datiraju od 1989. godine, a snimanja se obavljaju u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Firule u Splitu. Uporaba X-zraka, kao neinvazivna metoda snimanja, osim kod slika starih majstora, upotrebljava se i za snimanje arheološkog materijala, osobito metala i njegove slitine, kao kosti, kože, keramike, polikromirane drvene skulpture, mumije i kamena.
Arhivske crtice uz 110. godišnjicu od početka arheoloških istraživanja starog grada (Krčingrada) na Plitvičkim jezerima
Authors: Sekulić Petar
Published: January 2023

Stari grad Krčingrad nalazi se na gradini Kozjak, šumovitom poluotoku smještenom između Kozjačkog i Gradinskog jezera. Njegova je prošlost slabo poznata zbog nedostataka sačuvanih pisanih vrela. O arheološkim istraživanjima ostataka starog grada smještenog na Plitvičkim jezerima, svjedoči opsežna dokumentacija sačuvana u ostavštini Emilija Laszowskog u Hrvatskom državnom arhivu. Unatoč tome što nije bio školovani arheolog, E. Laszowski pokazao je iznimno razumijevanje metodologije arheoloških istraživanja, što se može smatrati još jednom potvrdom njegove pripadnosti hrvatskoj intelektualnoj eliti na prijelazu 19. u 20. stoljeće.
Modeling of thermogasodynamic parameters of neutral gas jets when spreading in converter cavity
Authors: Protopopov E. V. , Dumova L. V. , Nozdrin I. V. , Chernysheva N. A. , Safonov S. O.
Published: January 2023

The article considers the features and characteristics of spreading of neutral gas jets in the gas-dynamic section before interaction with the slag melt, which is further inflated to apply a refractory skull to the unit lining. The flow of a supersonic jet into the working space of the converter after tapping has the wave structure. The model for calculation of attached mass of the surrounding gas located in the converter working space is considered. The problem statement takes into account the known data on gas dynamics during the formation and flow of the jet, which affect the efficiency of turbulent transfer in the boundary layer. The calculation scheme is based on the hypothesis of existence of an initial boundary through which a chemically active gas from the environment penetrates into the gas jet, and the shape of the limit boundary is assumed to be cylindrical with a radius equal to the maximum radius of the first barrel of the non-calculated jet. Numerical calculations make it possible to determine the average mass velocity and temperature in an arbitrary section of a supersonic non-calculated jet before its introduction into the slag melt. The authors describe the influence of the relative temperature θ, nitrogen temperature in front of the nozzle T0 during spreading of the jet in the converter cavity, and nitrogen flow through the nozzles Vн on value of the attached mass q, the averaged values of velocity and temperature Wx and Tx in an arbitrary cross-section x of a supersonic non-calculated jet in the gas dynamic section. The information obtained can be used in the development of gas-powder purging systems in aggregates and steel ladles, shotcrete systems and the supply of neutral gas jets when replacing oxygen flows during purging and using two-tier tuyeres.
Energy and velocity of sliding of edge and screw dislocations in austenite and Hadfield steel: Molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Zorya I. V. , Poletaev G. M. , Rakitin R. Yu.
Published: January 2023

The sliding of edge and screw dislocations in Hadfield steel and in pure HCC iron (austenite) depending on temperature and deformation rate was studied by the method of molecular dynamics. The complete dislocation appears in the present model immediately in the form of a split into a pair of partial Shockley dislocations separated by a packing defect. The distance between partial dislocations is several nanometres. As the shear rate increases, this distance decreases. According to the data obtained, the energies of edge and screw dislocations in steel are higher than in pure austenite. The energy of the total edge dislocation in γ-iron and Hadfield steel averages 2.0 and 2.3 eV/Å, helical – 1.3 and 1.5 eV/Å respectively. Dependences of the sliding velocity of the edge and screw dislocations on the shear rate and temperature were obtained. The sliding velocity of the edge dislocation is in all cases higher than the screw one, which is explained by the difference in the propagation velocity of longitudinal and transverse waves in the material. With an increase in the shear rate, the sliding speed increases to a certain limit, depending on the propagation velocity of the corresponding elastic waves. At low and normal temperatures, the sliding velocity of dislocations in Hadfield steel is significantly (about one and a half times) lower compared to pure HCC iron. In pure iron, the sliding velocity of dislocations decreases with increasing temperature. However, for Hadfield steel, this dependence is nonmonotonic: as the temperature increases to about 500 K, the dislocation rate increases. That is probably due to the intensification of diffusion of impurity carbon atoms; then, as in iron, it decreases.
Secondary migration of a pre-existing central venous catheter due to a Swan-Ganz catheter insertion – A case report –
Authors: Cho Joonho , Yoo Byung Hoon , Park Jihwan , Lim Yun Hee , Jun In-jung , Kim Kye-min
Published: January 2023

Background: The entanglement of multiple central venous catheters is a rare and serious complication. The Swan-Ganz catheter is a responsible for various cases. Case: A 66-year-old male patient was under general anesthesia for a coronary artery bypass graft surgery. As he had a pre-existing Perm catheter in the right subclavian vein, a Swan-Ganz catheter was inserted into the left internal jugular vein. Chest radiograph after catheter placement revealed that the Perm catheter had migrated to the left brachiocephalic vein. The surgeon attempted to reposition it manually, but postoperative radiograph showed that it had rolled into a loop. On postoperative day 1, radiological intervention was performed to untangle the loop, which was successful.Conclusions: After placing a Swan-Ganz catheter in patients with a pre-existing central venous catheter, the presence of entanglement should be assessed. In such cases, radiology-guided correction is recommended, as a blind attempt to disentangle can aggravate the condition.
Depth of double-lumen endobronchial tube: a comparison between real practice and clinical recommendations using height-based formulae
Authors: Woo Jae Hee , Cho Sooyoung , Kim Youn Jin , Kim Dong Yeon , Choi Yongju , Lee Jong Wha
Published: January 2023

Background: The depth of double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT) is reportedly known to be directly proportional to height and several height-based recommendations have been suggested. This retrospective study was designed to find out the difference between calculated depths using height-based formulae and realistic depths in clinical practice of DLT placement by analyzing pooled data from patients intubated with left-sided DLT.Methods: The electronic medical records of adults, intubated with DLT from February 2018 to December 2020, were reviewed. Data retrieved included age, sex, height, weight, and size and depth of DLT. The finally documented DLT depth (depth final, DF) was compared with the calculated depths, and the relationship between height and DF was also evaluated. A questionnaire on endobronchial intubation method was sent to anesthesiologists. Results: A total of 503 out of 575 electronic records of consecutive patients were analyzed. Although the relationship between height and DF was shown to have significant correlation (Spearman’s rho = 0.63, P < 0.001), DF was shown to be significantly greater than calculated depths (P < 0.001). Despite 57.1% of anesthesiologists have knowledge of clinical recommendations to anticipate size and depth of DLT, no one routinely utilizes those recommendations.Conclusions: Anesthesiologists tend to place DLTs in a deeper position than expected when depths are calculated using height-based recommendations. Although such discrepancies may not be clinically meaningful, efforts are needed to standardize the methods of endobronchial intubation to prevent potential complications associated with malposition.
Recent updates on interscalene brachial plexus block for shoulder surgery
Authors: Kang RyungA , Ko Justin Sangwook
Published: January 2023

Interscalene brachial plexus block (ISBPB) provides optimal analgesia for shoulder surgery. However, several limitations still exist, including the short duration of analgesia, rebound pain, a high incidence of unilateral diaphragmatic paresis, and potential risk of nerve damage, prompting the search for alternative techniques. Many alternatives to ISBPB have been studied to alleviate these concerns, and clinicians should choose an appropriate option based on the patient’s condition. In this mini-review, we aimed to present recent updates on ISBPB while discussing our clinical experiences in shoulder surgery.
The Effect of Complexity of Ambulance Missions on Shared Mental Models in Virtual Teams
Authors:   Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Christiesgt, 12, Bergen 5015, Norway, Johnsen Bjørn H. , Brattebø Guttorm ,   Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Haukelandsveien 22, Bergen 5021, Norway and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 87, Bergen 5021, Norway, Espevik Roar ,   Swedish Defense University, Drottning Kristinas väg 37, Stockholm 114 28, Sweden and Centre for Crisis Psychology, University of Bergen, Møllendalsbakken 9, Bergen 5009, Norway, Hystad Sigurd W. ,   Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Christiesgt, 12, Bergen 5015, Norway, Østerås Øyvind ,   Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Haukelandsveien 22, Bergen 5021, Norway, Vatsøy Live ,   Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Christiesgt, 12, Bergen 5015, Norway, Eid Jarle ,   Centre for Crisis Psychology, University of Bergen, Møllendalsbakken 9, Bergen 5009, Norway
Published: January 2023

Background Empirical research on shared mental models (SMM) in virtual environments are almost non-existent. Pre-hospital emergencies presents an opportunity to examine team processes in virtual teams because the dispatcher is geographically separated from the ambulance and at the same time plays a significant role in coordinating, organizing, obtaining, evaluating, and conveying relevant information to the deployed ambulance. The present study aimed at mapping team behavior and cognition in critical real-life emergency medical missions based on the concept of SMM. Methods By investigating the frequencies of coordinating mechanisms and team competencies based on voice recordings from real-life missions, differences in team behavior between low and high-complexity missions were investigated. Results Lower frequencies of team competencies and coordinating mechanisms were found in high compared to low-complexity missions. The results showed a different profile in communication between high and low-complexity missions with more frequent use of both coordinating mechanisms and team competencies in low-complexity missions. Furthermore, the profiles revealed that SMM and closed loop communication were the only coordinating mechanism used, and leadership and team orientation were the only competencies exercised. Conclusion It was concluded that the lack of visual input of a team member during team interaction could lead to team process loss due to a breakdown of the team into sub-units. Potential improvement of team behavior is discussed within the SMM framework.
Airport Personnel and Coronavirus Disease-2019: A Seroprevalence Study in Taiwan
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Lee Chien-Chang , Wang Chih-Hung ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Hsu Shih-Tien ,   Landseed International Medical Group, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Liu Shih-Hung ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Lo Tse-Hua ,   Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Liu Yen-Hsing ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Papaila Alexa ,   Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA, Chang Shan-Chwen ,   Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Published: January 2023

Introduction Many countries tried to lifted the travel restriction to revive their stagnant tourism-based economies. However, infection risks among airport personnel are incompletely understood. We therefore conducted this seroepidemiological study targeting airport personnel. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from October 20th, 2020 to February 28th, 2021 at the Taoyuan International Airport in Taiwan. All adults who worked at Taoyuan International Airport and were older than 20-years of age were eligible for participation. Serological tests were collected and study participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire which collected self reported data including demographic characteristics, occupation, exposure risk assessment, recent symptoms, and self-perceived risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Continuous data were expressed with median and interquartile ranges; categorical data were expressed with counts and proportions. Results A total of 450 volunteers agreed to participate in the study. Most of the participants worked as ground crew (40.7%). Approximately 43.6% of participants did not feel any symptoms in the 3-months prior to serologic testing. Only 8 participants (1.8%) reported close contact with confirmed coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases. Overall, none of the study participants had serologic confirmation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion The SARS-CoV-2 infection rate among airport personnel was low. This study demonstrates that a well-designed border control strategy may work and so that transmission of SARS-CoV-2 may be controllable.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus as a Risk Factor for Cervical Cancer and its Precursor Conditions: Assessment Using Pap Smear and Histopathology
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Zagazig University, Ash Sharqiyah Governorate, Egypt, Gobran Mai A. , El-Ghoneimey Soheir ,   Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Zagazig University, Ash Sharqiyah Governorate, Egypt, Ibrahim Safaa A. S. ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zagazig University, Ash Sharqiyah Governorate, Egypt, Mohamedhanafy Sabah ,   Department of Pathology, Zagazig University, Ash Sharqiyah Governorate, Egypt
Published: January 2023

Background Cancer of the cervix is a common cause of malignancy. Its association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is debatable. Objective Early detection of cervical pre-neoplastic lesion in SLE patients. Method A case control study was performed on 64 SLE group and 64 control group using a colposcopy, pap smear and histopathological examination. Conclusion This study revealed that preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the cervix were higher in the SLE group.
A Rare Case of Vulvar Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: A Case Report
Authors:   Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), P. O. Box 5058, Jimma, Ethiopia, Deneke Tewodros , Tefera Abel ,   Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), P. O. Box 5058, Jimma, Ethiopia, Girma Woubshet ,   Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), P. O. Box 5058, Jimma, Ethiopia, Assefa Fanta ,   Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), P. O. Box 5058, Jimma, Ethiopia, Alemu Demsew ,   Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), P. O. Box 5058, Jimma, Ethiopia, Gossaye Bahiru ,   Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), P. O. Box 5058, Jimma, Ethiopia
Published: January 2023

Background Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a low-to-intermediate grade sarcoma of dermal origin with high local recurrence rate that rarely presents in the vulva. It affects adults between the second and fifth decade of life and the involved areas are most frequently the trunk, proximal extremities, head and neck. Case Presentation A 45-years-old Para 4 women presented with two raised masses on the right part of vulva for the last 17-month duration which increase in size for the last 6-month. First, incisional biopsy was taken from the mass and diagnosed as “Suggestive of leiomyoma”. Following to this, excision of the whole mass was done and sent for histopathologic examination. The final histopathologic diagnosis became DFSP with the classic microscopic picture of a storiform and honeycomb pattern of monomorphic bland spindle cells. Conclusion Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans infrequently involves the vulva and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of other spindle cell lesions presenting in this unusual site.
Identifying Resource Needs and Experiences of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Questioning+ Community during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic
Authors:   Center for Health Policy and Inequalities Research, Duke University, 310 Trent Avenue, Durham, NC 27708, USA, Cooper Haley , Reif Susan ,   Center for Health Policy and Inequalities Research, Duke University, 310 Trent Avenue, Durham, NC 27708, USA, Wilson Elena ,   Center for Health Policy and Inequalities Research, Duke University, 310 Trent Avenue, Durham, NC 27708, USA
Published: January 2023

Introduction Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning+ (LGBTQ+) people have historically faced disproportionate economic and health-related challenges, which have likely been further exacerbated by coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). To provide support and equitable resources for this community, it is critical to identify resource needs and challenges and understand the experiences of this community during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods We administered an online survey to examine the experiences and needs of minority LGBTQ+ people, ages 18-35, who resided in an Ending the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Epidemic (EHE) metropolitan jurisdiction in the Southeastern United States (U.S.). Results Since the onset of COVID-19, the majority of survey respondents reported increases in mental health symptomology and substance use, and decreases in economic stability, food security, and medical care access. Conclusion The findings support the need for extended reach of substance use and mental health-related services, linkage to medical/sexual healthcare, and financial assistance.
Lessons Learned from Designing an Aeronautical Reconnaissance Coverage Geographic Information System Dashboard in the Geographic Information System-Naïve Environment to Fit the Spatial Epidemiology Study
Authors:   Tufts University School of Medicine, MA, USA, Angel Irina
Published: January 2023

Background Since patient access to healthcare is controlled by geographic location, patient records routinely include street addresses, postal codes, or other location elements. By linking spatial, numeric, and categorical health data through a single interface, the aeronautical reconnaissance coverage geographic information system (ArcGIS) dashboard adds the dimension of location and the quality of health information needed at the point of care. Its functions may be used to answer questions that would be difficult to answer without integrating raw patient data with location intelligence technology. However, the provision of geographic information system (GIS) functionalities at the point of care has not been thoroughly investigated. Aim This paper evaluates the ArcGIS dashboard functionalities through a case study of disruption in care for international patient populations due to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic based on their home locations at the tertiary hospital in the U. S. Since the data used in this case study comes from the hospital health data repository, constructing the dashboard afforded an opportunity to explore the provision of GIS functionalities in the GIS–naïve hospital environment. Methods The model used the loose-coupling approach where two components (electronic health records and GIS data) were integrated and visualized through dashboard linking operations and programming languages. The process resulted in three data-driven dashboard elements: area map, attribute table, and statistical plots, enabling simultaneous exploration of various properties of spatial data. Conclusion This paper underpins the potential benefits of the provision of GIS functionalities in the electronic medical records to improve health outcomes, lower costs, and advance spatial epidemiology research. Additionally, it evaluates dashboard scaling limitations and solutions for overcoming the implementation barriers and proposes the future integration of the GIS dashboard with electronic health records by using the health level seven (HL7) fast healthcare interoperability resources (FHIR).
Experiences and Challenges of a New Palliative Care Service in the United Arab Emirates
Authors:   Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE and Khalifa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Nijhawan Neil A. , Al-Shams Humaid O. ,   University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
Published: January 2023

Introduction Palliative care as a medical subspecialty in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is very much in its formative stage of development. There are a small number of healthcare facilities that provide a specialist palliative care service, the most recent of which is the Palliative and Supportive Care Service at Burjeel Medical City (BMC), a private hospital in Abu Dhabi. Aim This retrospective review of all the referrals to our palliative and supportive care service within the first 9-months of operation is a direct reflection of the challenges we currently face in the day-to-day delivery of palliative care in the UAE. Result Of a total of 360 referrals received during the study period, under 50% were for local, Emirati patients with international expatriates making up the rest. Most of the referrals received were for symptom control (including pain) and end-of-life care (EoLC), with 85% of the patients having a diagnosis of cancer. One third of the referrals received were for EoLC, with 90% of the patients who received EoLC on a hospital ward having a valid do not attempt resuscitation (DNAR) status in place. For the patients who received EoLC, all but one patient received EoLC in the hospital setting. Conclusion Our experiences are consistent with the challenges that other colleagues in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region face in providing palliative care. The majority of referrals to the palliative and supportive care service were for patients with a diagnosis of cancer with only 15% reflecting a non-cancer diagnosis. Of the 150 decedents cared for during this study period, more than 75% had a valid DNAR status in effect suggesting a growing awareness and acceptance of a less medicalized EoLC period.
Role of Digital Assessment in Wound Management
Authors:   Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry 605006, India, Chakiath Jacob A. , Chittoria Ravi K. ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry 605006, India, Kerakada Nishad ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry 605006, India, Thomas Neljo ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry 605006, India, Parthiban Barathkumar S. ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry 605006, India, James Adithyakevin ,   Department of General Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry 605006, India, Chakkravarthy Perumal ,   Department of General Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry 605006, India
Published: January 2023

Aim The aim of this study was to assess the role of digital planimetry in accurate measurement of wound size and guide in wound bed preparation in our patient. The calculation of wound surface area was done by using ImageJ software. Methods In our study, digital planimetry was used to measure the wound size using ImageJ software. Results In our study, digital planimetry helped inaccurate measurement of wound and helped to plan measures to decrease the wound size. Conclusion Digital assessment and ImageJ is a simple, easy, cost-effective technique of accurate wound measurement for wound management.
Imagery Matters: The Role of Fitness Influencers in the Reproduction of Socio-Cultural Gender Norms
Authors:   University of Gloucestershire, School of Natural, Social and Sport Sciences, Oxstalls Campus, Gloucester, GL2 9HW, UK, Mills Claire , Ware Fiona ,   South Gloucestershire and Stroud College, Filton, Bristol BS34 7AT, UK, Woodruff Lucy ,   South Gloucestershire and Stroud College, Filton, Bristol BS34 7AT, UK
Published: January 2023

Introduction This research explored Instagram ‘Fitness Influencers’, to develop an understanding of the content they post online, the level of objectification and gender differences in the extent of this objectification. The media previously has presented gendered representations of women and men, with women subjected to greater objectification than males, with similar findings in social media research. Fitness Influencers are online micro-celebrities influential on young people, thus knowledge of the images being consumed is beneficial due to the associated detrimental effects of unconsciously internalising objectified media and that promoting unattainable beauty standards. Methods A content analysis of 90 influencer images was conducted to provide an understanding of the type of images shared, followed by a Chi square (χ2) to determine gender differences; the qualitative content analysis phase identified four main themes, lifestyle, brand endorsements, engaged in activity and objectification. Results There were no significant gender differences found (p>0.05) however, objectification sub-themes found significant differences in muscularity between males and females and in sultry poses (p<0.001), in line with gender stereotypes and norms in society. Conclusion The identification of greater objectification of males highlights the need for greater consideration for male’s body image, and greater consideration for the content being shared online more generally, due to the associated detrimental effects of consuming certain types of imagery.
Antegrade Versus Retrograde Cerebral Perfusion in Aortic Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 19365 Patients
Authors:   Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Miami Miller, School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA, Lamelas Joseph , Alnajar Ahmed ,   Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Miami Miller, School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA, B. O. Sá Michel Pompeu ,   Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, Azhar Muhammad Z. ,   Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA, Aleong Elizabeth F. ,   University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA, den Eynde Jef Van ,   Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Unit of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Weymann Alexander ,   Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
Published: January 2023

Background Since the risk of neurological injury and mortality can be mitigated with the appropriate choice of established brain protection strategies, we performed a meta-analysis of studies reporting cerebral perfusion strategy outcomes. Our focus was on surgeries that can be performed through a minimally-invasive approach, to support the decision-making process of adopting surgeons. Methods We searched the Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Medical literature analysis and retrieval system online (MEDLINE), and Cochrane databases, as well as ClinicalTrials.gov, Google Scholar, and the reference lists of relevant articles for studies reporting early mortality and/or stroke outcomes of both retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) and antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) strategies. The principal summary measures were odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p values (statistically significant when <0.05). The pooled ORs were combined across studies that met the eligibility criteria. Results We identified and included seventeen eligible studies with a total of 19,365 patients undergoing ascending aorta and arch surgery from 2008-2019 by means of ACP (a total of 10,473 patients) or RCP (a total of 8,892 patients). Random effect model analyses found no increase in mortality (OR=1.03, 95%CI:0.80-1.32) or stroke (OR=1.04, 95%CI:0.81-1.32) associated RCP when compared to ACP (p>0.05). Conclusion In ascending aorta and arch surgery, requiring cerebral protection, ACP and RCP have similar rates of early mortality and stroke. While optimal application of cerebral protection strategies is both patient and surgeon specific, surgeons can comfortably adopt RCP in minimally invasive cases after accounting for factors that determine the outcomes of aortic surgery adequately.
Management of Folliculitis in Burn Patients
Authors:   Department of Plastic Surgery, Eastern Health, Box Hill 3128, Australia, Tay Yu T. , Tang Nicholas ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Eastern Health, Box Hill 3128, Australia, Ng Sally Kiu-Huen ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Eastern Health, Box Hill 3128, Australia and Victoria Adult Burns Service, The Alfred, Melbourne 3004, Australia
Published: January 2023

Whilst the management of burn wounds continue to evolve and improve over the years, folliculitis remains a common sequela in the burned patient.
The Future Direction of Cancer Vaccines: An Editorial
Authors:   Department on Immunoloy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Khansari Nemat
Published: January 2023

In the past, vaccines were defined as prophylactic entities. Today, there are two types of vaccines: prophylactic for prevention, and therapeutic for the treatment of infections or cancers. Therapeutic cancer vaccine, in fact, represents an option for active immunotherapy for the treatment of late-stage and/or prevention of recurrent diseases.1