bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair Dan Kompos Berbahan Dasar Sampah Organik Pasar Pada Ibu-Ibu Rumah Tangga Di Desa Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Mukarlina Mukarlina , Khotimah Siti , Zakiah Zulfa , Turnip Masnur , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Saputra Firman
Published: January 2024

Activities carried out by housewives in Sungai Kakap village include cultivating their yards by planting horticultural plants (vegetables and fruit). The obstacle in increasing the yield of garden plants is the high cost of non-organic fertilizers. However, until now the people in the village do not know the source of organic waste that can be used as fertilizer, namely plant-based organic waste that comes from the market. This training aims to provide knowledge and skills to housewives regarding organic fertilizer and increase the knowledge and skills of housewives in making organic fertilizer from plant-based market waste. The service program is carried out by conveying the theory of organic fertilizer and the practice of making compost and liquid organic fertilizer (POC) from market organic waste made from fruit and vegetables. Evaluation of community service activities is carried out using a questionnaire method given at the beginning and end of the activity. The results of the questionnaire showed an increase in the knowledge of housewives in Sungai Kakap Village about organic fertilizer (100%), an increase in interest in applying organic fertilizer (97%), and an increase in interest in making their own organic fertilizer (80%).
Contribution of the Landscape Evaluation in the Study of the Impact on Environment: Application of the Hydro-Québec Method on the Technical Landfill Center of Hamici, Tipaza (Algeria)
Authors: Benkahoul Leila , Aliouche Sihem , Khettab Samira
Published: January 2024

The development and operation of Technical Landfill Centers (TLC) for urban solid waste lead to significant landscape alterations and have a negative impact on its overall image. However, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) conducted for these TLCs in Algeria do not currently consider the impact of this activity on the landscape as a determining factor for validating the implementation of the landfill site. It is limited, instead, to some mitigation measures.

This work addresses the importance of taking into account the impact of TLCs on the visible landscape through EIAs. In this context, the planned landscape integration measures within the scope of the EIA conducted by the Ministry of Environment for the urban solid waste landfill site of Hamici, situated 29 km from the capital Algiers, were examined. In addition, an evaluation the TLC’s impact on the visible landscape after its construction and operation was implemented using the Hydro-Québec method.

The results show a high visual impact of the TLC on the landscape unit receiving the landfill cells, a moderate impact on the unit receiving the TLC buildings, and a minor impact on the unit hosting the human settlement, which has the largest number of potential observers in the area. In the light of these findings, it is imperative to integrate landscape evaluation as an operational phase through EIAs before making decisions regarding the siting of landfill sites. This is essential for the purpose of preserving the image of the environment conveyed by the visible landscape.
Community Recognition of Child Marriage Practices: A Case in Indonesia
Authors: Amany Rana Gyazki , Sultan Sultan , Syam Ridwan
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the form of community recognition of the practice of child marriage that still takes place today in Bulu Cindea Village, Pangkajene and Islands Regency, Indonesia. This research contributes to analyzing the occurrence of child marriage practices that still continue. A qualitative research approach with a case study strategy was used to explore the case at the research location. The research informants were 11 people consisting of parents who have children who marry underage, children who marry underage and community leaders who know information about child marriage. The results of this study found that in the practice of child marriage there are three forms of recognition, namely: family recognition, recognition of community leaders, and recognition of government officials. Family recognition, the community views that this is the right decision because there are no negative impacts, needs and desires are fulfilled. Recognition from community leaders, there are still those who conduct underage marriages because of the cultural factors that they still hold strong. Recognition from government officials that underage marriage is commonplace, even this is due to customary factors or community understanding that is still taboo so that religious courts also have the authority to carry out marriage dispensation so that someone gets benefits and benefits and there are conditions that must be met.
Understanding the Recognition of Occupational Safety and Health: A Critique of Corporate Culture
Authors: Kusmayadi Yadi , Ronda Andi Mirza , Seran Alexander
Published: January 2024

In the era of globalization, in the face of industrial competition, companies are attempting to instill a culture of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) as a symbol and image of their existence. However, it is unfortunate that the presence of OSH in the company does not always serve as a barometer of the company's normative compliance with OSH. In practice, the rules governing worker behavior still show varying degrees of permissiveness.

The practice of OSH must be accompanied by moral values in order to achieve the desired condition. Therefore, there are two behavioral approaches in OSH communication practices in companies: (1) do the things right, which means following the rules. This does not necessarily resolve OSH problems, as ‘rules’ at the minimum only regulate employee behavior and (2) do the right things, which is moral in nature, which allows workers to act and behave according to their nature because what is outlined in the rules does not always reflect free will, so in the end each worker must find a way to do what’s best.

The critical-interpretive approach with phenomenological method in research focuses on the meaning and awareness of OSH caused by communication distortion in the company on workers' behavior towards social reality as something complex, continuously evolving and full of meaning. In the development of Axel Honneth's conceptual dimensions of recognition theory (love, rights and solidarity) has a central role and solution in the distortion of corporate communication, especially in the implementation of OSH programs that emphasize the importance of recognizing worker relationships and developing self-confidence, self-respect and self-esteem, in the context of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and Governance Risk and Compliance (GRC), recognition theory provides implications for the importance of recognizing workers’ contributions to the goals achieved in the company, thereby increasing workers' dignity and individual values in the company.

Without social recognition, OSH will not be able to serve as operational barometer of a start-up company. It will only serve as a framing to protect the company, “as if” it already fulfills its legal obligations towards OSH.
A primeira impressão é a que fica: um caso sobre o posicionamento de branding da Hermés Contabilidade
Authors: Ribeiro Bianca dos Santos , Lana Jailson , Batista Marcos Aurélio , Partyka Raul Beal
Published: January 2024

This teaching case portrays the scenario of Hermès Contabilidade, a young company opened by three partners in September 2020, in the center of Balneário Camboriú (SC). The company's business model is directly linked to technology. Its purpose, structure and service are designed to offer a high standard of accounting. Despite all the positioning being very clear in the minds of the partners, and a considerable work in the digital environment, the profile of the clients that arrive at the company, differs from the planned segmentation, impacting results below expectations. In this sense, the dilemma of the case questions how to make the brand positioning, which is well defined and clear in the minds of managers, be understood by the market and potential customers. The case makes it possible to promote a discussion scenario, at a theoretical and strategic level, about branding and positioning using digital channels, specifically social media. A learning space about brand positioning and content on social media platforms. The context also allows demonstrating branding resources and tools applied to a business environment, making the student reflect, in the role of manager, on brand positioning and digital presence.
Cantos e Encantos: mistérios e segredos engolidos na inundação
Authors: Scuro Selma Simões
Published: January 2024

A obra de Mia Couto inclui crônicas, romances e contos; Inundação é um dos contos que faz parte do livro O fio das Missangas. O objetivo desse artigo é analisar os mistérios e segredos que encantam o canto de uma mulher narrado pelas lembranças do seu filho presentes no conto ‘Inundação’ do livro O fio das Missangas de Mia Couto.
Horrorshow: a ultraviolência como elemento distópico em Laranja mecânica
Authors: Sant'Ana Samuel Renato Siqueira , Rossi Cido
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo busca analisar a relação entre violência e distopia presente no romance Laranja mecânica (1962), de Anthony Burgess. A interpretação da obra é baseada em textos teóricos do próprio autor em conjunto com textos da crítica literária sobre os gêneros utópico e distópico, bem como os que analisam a ficção científica como gênero literário do qual a distopia faz parte. Um elemento muito presente no gênero é o teor político, por isso não poderiam ser ignoradas as análises políticas a respeito dos eventos do século XX que servem como plano de fundo para a contextualização do enredo e de suas críticas, para que ao fim se possa verificar como a violência é o tema central da obra e como diversas perspectivas e debates são levantados pelo romance no que se refere à reabilitação, criminalidade e sociedade.
A ética na inteligência artificial: releituras de "Sonhos de robô" na obra de Ian Mc Ewan "Máquinas como eu e gente como você"
Authors: Sylvestre Fernanda Aquino
Published: January 2024

Este artigo pretende analisar as obras Sonhos de Robô (1991) e Máquinas Como Eu e Gente Como Você (2019) de Asimov e McEwan, respectivamente, mostrando os pontos de contato entre elas e discutindo questões éticas e morais nelas presentes. A discussão proposta foi motivada pelo avanço tecnológico das máquinas que nos cercam e a relação que estabelecem com os seres humanos e que são discutidas pela literatura por meio de gêneros como a ficção científica e seus subgêneros.
Editorial
Authors: Volobuef Karin , Thomaz Nathalia Xavier , Cunha Maria Zilda da
Published: January 2024

Créditos

Sumário 

Editorial
The American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care 2030 Impact Goals and Call to Action to Improve Cardiac Arrest Outcomes: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Merchant Raina M. , Becker Lance B. , Brooks Steven C. , Chan Paul S. , Del Rios Marina , McBride Mary E. , Neumar Robert W. , Previdi Jeanette K. , Uzendu Anezi , Sasson Comilla ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association
Published: January 2024

Every 10 years, the American Heart Association (AHA) Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee establishes goals to improve survival from cardiac arrest. These goals align with broader AHA Impact Goals and support the AHA’s advocacy efforts and strategic investments in research, education, clinical care, and quality improvement programs. This scientific statement focuses on 2030 AHA emergency cardiovascular care priorities, with a specific focus on bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, early defibrillation, and neurologically intact survival. This scientific statement also includes aspirational goals, such as establishing cardiac arrest as a reportable disease and mandating reporting of standardized outcomes from different sources; advancing recognition of and knowledge about cardiac arrest; improving dispatch system response, availability, and access to resuscitation training in multiple settings and at multiple time points; improving availability, access, and affordability of defibrillators; providing a focus on early defibrillation, in-hospital programs, and establishing champions for debriefing and review of cardiac arrest events; and expanding measures to track outcomes beyond survival. The ability to track and report data from these broader aspirational targets will potentially require expansion of existing data sets, development of new data sets, and enhanced integration of technology to collect process and outcome data, as well as partnerships of the AHA with national, state, and local organizations. The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, disparities in COVID-19 outcomes for historically excluded racial and ethnic groups, and the longstanding disparities in cardiac arrest treatment and outcomes for Black and Hispanic or Latino populations also contributed to an explicit focus and target on equity for the AHA Emergency Cardiovascular Care 2030 Impact Goals.
Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion due to Intracranial Stenosis: Identification, Management, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Al Kasab Sami , Nguyen Thanh N. , Derdeyn Colin P. , Yaghi Shadi , Amin-Hanjani Sepideh , Kicielinski Kimberly , Zaidat Osama O. , de Havenon Adam
Published: January 2024

This comprehensive literature review focuses on acute stroke related to intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS), with an emphasis on ICAS-large vessel occlusion. ICAS is the leading cause of stroke globally, with high recurrence risk, especially in Asian, Black, and Hispanic populations. Various risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and advanced age lead to ICAS, which in turn results in stroke through different mechanisms. Recurrent stroke risk in patients with ICAS with hemodynamic failure is particularly high, even with aggressive medical management. Developments in advanced imaging have improved our understanding of ICAS and ability to identify high-risk patients who could benefit from intervention. Herein, we focus on current management strategies for ICAS-large vessel occlusion discussed, including the use of perfusion imaging, endovascular therapy, and stenting. In addition, we focus on strategies that aim at identifying subjects at higher risk for early recurrent risk who could benefit from early endovascular intervention The review underscores the need for further research to optimize ICAS-large vessel occlusion treatment strategies, a traditionally understudied topic.
Identifying and Categorizing Bias in AI/ML for Earth Sciences
Authors: McGovern Amy , Bostrom Ann , McGraw Marie , Chase Randy J. , Gagne David John , Ebert-Uphoff Imme , Musgrave Kate D. , Schumacher Andrea
Published: January 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to improve performance across a wide range of Earth system prediction tasks. As with any application of AI, it is important for AI to be developed in an ethical and responsible manner to minimize bias and other effects. In this work, we extend our previous work demonstrating how AI can go wrong with weather and climate applications by presenting a categorization of bias for AI in the Earth sciences. This categorization can assist AI developers to identify potential biases that can affect their model throughout the AI development life cycle. We highlight examples from a variety of Earth system prediction tasks of each category of bias.
Spatiotemporal Variability of Tropical Cyclone Genesis Density in the Northwest Pacific
Authors: Li Shuo , Mei Wei
Published: January 2024

The small sample size of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis in the observations prevents us from fully characterizing its spatiotemporal variations. Here we take advantage of a large ensemble of 60-km-resolution atmospheric simulations to address this issue over the northwest Pacific (NWP) during 1951–2010. The variations in annual TC genesis density are explored separately on interannual and decadal time scales. The interannual variability is dominated by two leading modes. One is characterized by a dipole pattern, and its temporal evolution is closely linked to the developing ENSO. The other mode features high loadings in the central part of the basin, with out-of-phase changes near the equator and date line, and tends to occur during ENSO decay years. On decadal time scales, TC genesis density variability is primarily controlled by one mode, which exhibits an east–west dipole pattern with strong signals confined to south of 20°N and is tied to the interdecadal Pacific oscillation–like sea surface temperature anomalies. Further, we investigate the seasonal evolution of the ENSO effect on TC genesis density. The results highlight the distinct impacts of the two types of ENSO (i.e., eastern Pacific vs central Pacific) on TC genesis density in the NWP during a specific season and show the strong seasonal dependency of the TC genesis response to ENSO. Although the results from the observations are not as prominent as those from the simulations because of the small sample size, the high consistency between them demonstrates the fidelity of the model in reproducing TC statistics and variability in the observations.
Investigating the Impact of Prior Criminal Justice Contact on Labor Market Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Widdowson Alex O. , Kyser Anna M.
Published: January 2024

Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) and a supplemental COVID sample of NLSY97 respondents, we examined the associations between three measures of criminal justice contact and several indicators of labor market participation during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings indicated that a history of adult criminal justice contact was associated with higher odds of being out of the labor market during the pandemic. However, among those in the workforce, criminal justice contact was also associated with higher odds of stopping work, working reduced hours, experiencing decreased wages, not working from home, and having close contact with others at work. Additional analyses suggest that deeper levels of contact were sometimes associated with worse outcomes.
Transparency in the use of assets confiscated from mafia organizations
Authors: Bisogno Marco , Cuadrado-Ballesteros Beatriz , Citro Francesca , Vaia Giovanni
Published: January 2024

Several remedies can be adopted in the fight against organized crime and mafias. One of the most effective is the confiscation of their assets. After confiscation, assets can be used to provide services to citizens, frequently thanks to the support of non-profit organizations. With a focus on Italy, this study investigates the transparency of the confiscation process and the factors that explain why local governments provide (or do not provide) information on confiscated assets.

Points for practitioners

To facilitate dialogue with citizens, it is essential to consider the perspective of data users, so as to avoid focusing on the data provider. Such a dialogue can aid the adequate reuse of assets confiscated from the mafia and other criminal organizations, contributing to the ‘social’ fight against them. This article contributes to the debate on both transparency and studies on mafia organizations, providing a new insight through the consideration of how external pressures can drive public-sector entities to be more transparent.
Little Strokes Fell Big Oaks: How Repeated Recommendations for Suicide Reporting Drive the Quality of Suicide News in South Korea
Authors: Ju Youngkee , Scherr Sebastian , Arendt Florian , You Myoungsoon , Prieler Michael
Published: January 2024

This study investigates how far repeated releases of recommendations for responsible reporting on suicide (RRS) are associated with changes in the quality of suicide reporting. A content analysis was conducted on suicide news articles ( N = 606) by the Korean newspapers Hankyoreh Sinmun and Chosun Ilbo in four six-month periods from 2004 to 2019, which covered the periods before and after the releases of three versions of suicide reporting guidelines. Elements for RRS served as a proxy for the reporting quality, which includes both avoiding negative elements and providing positive ones. Not only the number of suicide news stories reduced by half in the last two observation periods, overall RRS scores and most individual RRS elements increased in the third period, compared to the first or second period. The avoidance RRS for headline, however, was not significantly improved. Korean news media also tended to be sensationalistic in using photos.
Suburbanisation in East Germany
Authors: Bernt Matthias , Volkmann Anne
Published: January 2024

Rampant suburbanisation is one of the most visible changes evidenced in cities throughout Central and Eastern Europe in the past three decades. In this paper, we analyse how suburbanisation unfolded in East Germany after reunification. We do this against the background of ongoing debates about the usefulness and meaning of the term post-socialism that have questioned the self-enclosed spatiality of the concept and suggest giving the concept of neoliberalisation a more central role in analysing the changes experienced in this part of the world. We show that the suburbanisation process in East Germany rested on three neoliberal policy orientations: (1) extensive investment stimuli for the construction of new rental housing, (2) promotion of home ownership and (3) the privileging of suburban locations through planning gaps. Since all these policies are based on neoliberal ideas, we argue that neoliberalisation and post-socialist reform agendas have appeared as two sides of the same coin. Against this background, we advocate putting the developments that came after socialism at the centre of the research and call for a new generation of studies on post-socialist neoliberalisation.
Rare Case of Tularemia With Preauricular Lymphadenopathy and Conjunctivitis in a 27-Year-Old Male Patient in Germany
Authors: Kornmann J. , Scherl C. , Lammert A. , Rotter N. , Huber L.
Published: January 2024

Tularemia is a rare disease but shows an approximately 10-fold increase in reported cases over the last 15 years in Germany. Clinical symptoms of acute tularemia infection are various, which often delays diagnosis. This case report gives an overview of the clinical manifestations of acute tularemia and shows the importance of interdisciplinary work to shorten the time from the onset of symptoms to effective treatment in infection with Francisella tularensis. Since some cases of tularemia are life-threatening, early diagnosis is vital. This case report serves as a reminder that rare diseases need to be considered in cervical lymphadenopathy.
Commentary: Similarities and Differences Between Harm-Reduction and Substitute Addiction-- Implications for the Health Professions
Authors: Sussman Steve , Sinclair Deborah L. , Clifasefi Seema L. , Collins Susan E.
Published: January 2024

“Substitute addiction” refers to the process of achieving abstinence or resolution of one addictive behavior and subsequently engaging in one or more additional addictive behaviors in its place. Substitute addiction, a concept in the abstinence-based recovery field for decades, is viewed as a cause for concern because resolving one addictive behavior might not fully remove harm or ensure recovery. Conversely, “harm-reduction treatment” refers to a counseling orientation that focuses on helping service users reduce substance-related harm and improve their quality of life without necessarily requiring abstinence or use reduction. Harm-reduction treatment assesses a constellation of addictive behaviors in the larger context of a person’s life to holistically reduce harm in that constellation. In this commentary, we define and compare both constructs and point out their implications for addictions treatment.
Raising awareness of Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI) through the use of educational videos: One size does not fit all
Authors: Tooth Cirta , Pilling Rachel Fiona , Woodhouse J Margaret
Published: January 2024

Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is a leading cause of childhood visual impairment in Western countries. This complex condition impacts affected children’s ability to see and process visual information, affecting their learning and development. Although early intervention is beneficial, many children with CVI live with this condition without this being identified. This is, in part, due to unfamiliarity with the condition among health care and education professionals. In recent years, more information has become available, and attempts have been made to explain this condition in accessible formats, such as educational videos. For this study, students and professionals in health care and education were asked to rate their knowledge about CVI, to watch three short educational videos about CVI, and to complete a survey about the use of these videos as a tool to raise awareness and to increase understanding of the condition. The study shows that educational videos can be used effectively to raise awareness of CVI among educational and health care students and professionals. Furthermore, the study shows that there is a mix of understanding, confidence and learning styles across the key professionals supporting children with CVI. As a result, different videos are effective for different audiences and therefore no one size fits all.
Wind turbine performance enhancement with minimal structural load penalty: A design philosophy
Authors: Matheswaran Vijay , Moriarty Patrick J
Published: January 2024

The performance benefits of using tip devices on wind turbines has been well-documented. However, previous studies show that adding blade tip devices such as winglets leads to a significant increase in blade root bending moment, potentially requiring structural reinforcement with cost and weight drawbacks. A new and unique design philosophy for retrofit blade tip devices for wind turbines is presented. By balancing generated aerodynamic and centrifugal loads, these devices offer an increase in power production without the need for structural reinforcement. Predicted performance and cost benefits of using retrofit blade tip devices on the National Renewable Energy Laboratory 5 MW reference wind turbine are shown. The addition of blade tip devices resulted in significant improvements in the coefficient of power ( Cp) and annual energy production (AEP).
3D micromechanical modeling of orthogonal hole saw cutting on CFRP composites
Authors: Hassouna Amira , Mzali Slah , Mezlini Salah , Alrasheedi Nashmi H , Hajlaoui Khalil
Published: January 2024

In the interest of developing a comprehensive understanding of the drilling process using the hole saw tool, this article aims to build a three-dimensional (3D) micromechanical model representing the orthogonal cutting of CFRP using one tooth of the hole saw tool. For this purpose, a finite element model is developed using Abaqus Explicit code. The influence of various drilling parameters like rake angle, inclination angle and cutting-edge radius on the drilling quality is explored. Especially, chip formation mechanisms, cutting force and lateral damage are analyzed. Through finite element simulations and computational analyses, it is found that these outputs results are highly influenced by drilling parameters. When the fiber orientation angle is set to 0°, increasing the rake angle results in a change in the chip formation mechanism from buckling to bending. In contrast, with a fiber orientation angle of 90°, bending and shear governs the chip formation process, irrespective of the rake angle. In both cases, whether the fiber orientation angle is 0° or 90°, chips tend to fragment more favorably with increasing the inclination angle. Regarding the cutting-edge radius, when the fiber orientation angle is 0°, an increase in the cutting-edge radius leads to a transition in the chip-forming mechanism from buckling to bending. However, for a fiber orientation angle of 90°, the chip formation remains governed by bending even as the cutting-edge radius changes. Decreasing the rake angle, the inclination angle, and the cutting-edge radius contribute to a reduction of the cutting force. As the inclination angle and the cutting-edge radius increase, the lateral damage increases, while the rake angle has showed a negligible impact on the damage. These results provide a guidance on the appropriate hole saw tool parameters for a good drilling quality namely, a rake angle of 20°, an inclination angle of 5° and a cutting-edge radius of 0.03 mm.
Corrosion inhibition analysis on cerium induced hydrophobic surface of Al-6061/SiC/Al2O3 hybrid composites
Authors: Sharma Vipin Kumar , Kumar Pardeep , Akhai Shalom , Kumar Vinod , Joshi Ravinder Singh
Published: January 2024

A new kind Al-6061/SiC/Al2O3 hybrid composite was prepared with traces amount of cerium oxide and its corrosion performance was evaluated by potentio-dynamic polarization electrochemical method. A new kind of intermetallic (γ-phase) has been observed in the microstructure with higher content of cerium oxide and Al elements. The corrosion resistance of Al-6061 alloy improved with addition of cerium oxide and this improvement could attribute to depression of the micro-galvanic couples. The corrosion rates were observed as 0.16 and 0.034 mpy corresponding to 3.5 and 2.5 wt% of NaCl corresponding to 2.5 wt% of cerium oxide. Moreover, the formation of cerium oxide and Al enrichment film over the surface of hybrid composites was also found to be main key factor for the inhibition of corrosion resistance. Another key factor that inhibits the further corrosion was observed as hydrophobicity between the aluminium liquid matrix and Al2O3/SiC reinforcement after incorporation of cerium oxide. Improvement in hydrophobicity of composites with Al2O3/SiC is due to increase in contact angle up to 100.78° after addition of 2.5 wt% cerium oxide. Micro-hardness and impact strength of the hybrid composites improved significantly after addition of traces amount of REOs from 0.5 to 2.5 wt%.
Modelling and control of electromechanical disc brake for heavy-duty vehicles
Authors: Güleryüz İbrahim Can , Başer Özgün , Yılmaz Özgün Cem
Published: January 2024

This paper proposes a validated procedure that can be used for development stage of model-based controller for heavy-duty electromechanical disc brakes. Firstly, system dynamics model of a single piston electromechanical disc brake is constructed in Matlab/Simulink environment in consideration of nonlinear friction model. To ensure the accuracy of system dynamics model, open loop measurements (clamping force, motor angle and motor current) are conducted on a prototype of single piston electromechanical disc brake. Experimental data is used for the determination of system variables. The predicted outputs are verified by comparison of experimental measurement results. For the control purpose of electromechanical brake, a multi-stage closed loop architecture is introduced. To regulate clamping force, PID and sliding mode controllers are developed in Matlab/Simulink in consideration of braking performance requirements for heavy-duty vehicles. For management of running clearance between brake disc and pad, PID position controller is developed in simulation environment. Those controller parameters obtained in the simulation process are introduced to the control hardware. After that closed loop clamping force and position measurements are conducted. When the rise time values of both clamping force controllers are compared, it is seen that sliding mode controller can reach to the settling point faster than PID controller. As for the position controller, the rise time requirement has been achieved by the designed PID controller. The switching process of force and position controllers are implemented and functional closed loop measurements are conducted for different reference input signals. It is seen from the results that the rise time requirement for position controller has been achieved. The system response of clamping force parameter is considerably stable.
Towards a green & ecological revolution: Review of natural reinforcing bio-composites and bio-hybrid composites
Authors: Chichane Assia , Boujmal Radouane , El Barkany Abdellah
Published: January 2024

Recently, the use of composite materials has significantly increased in various industries, ranging from automotive to construction, due to their more advantageous properties compared to traditional materials. Nevertheless, with the growing environmental and ecological awareness, researchers are focusing on developing more environmentally friendly and healthier bio-composites while ensuring high-performance, affordable, renewable, biodegradable, and lightweight materials with environmental benefits. This literature review intends to provide an overview of recent work that focuses on bio-composites and bio-hybrid composites with natural reinforcements. Moreover, it presents the natural fillers, their classifications, the cultivation of some plants, their mechanical and chemical characteristics, as well as their potential applications. Additionally, this work describes the modeling, its different approaches, as well as the selection process of a model.
Assessing the Feasibility of a Multifaceted Intervention Package for Improving Respiratory Health of Textile Workers: Findings From the MultiTex Pilot Study in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Nafees Asaad Ahmed , Ali Yousaf , Sadia Afreen , Shaukat Natasha , Irfan Muhammad , Fatmi Zafar , Azam Iqbal , Matteis Sara De , Burney Peter , Cullinan Paul
Published: January 2024

We piloted the development and implementation of a multifaceted intervention package for improving respiratory health among textile workers using a pre-post design at six mills in Karachi. The intervention, implemented following a baseline survey (n = 498), included health and safety training of workers and managers, promotion of cotton dust control measures, and the provision of facemasks. Follow-up surveys were conducted at 1, 6, and 12 months post-intervention. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) scores and respiratory symptoms were assessed through a questionnaire and spirometry was conducted. The intervention was provided to 230 workers and led to an improvement in KAP scores that was more likely among workers with a higher educational status, spinners, smokers, those with a permanent employment status, working in morning shifts, and with ⩾5 years of textile experience. We found the intervention acceptable and feasible in these textile mills henceforth, trials are required to determine its effectiveness.
Does Aerobic Fitness Buffer the Associations Between Young Children’s ADHD Symptom Severity and Academic and Social Functioning?
Authors: Dennis Marissa , Shoulberg Erin K , Hoza Betsy , Krasner Allison , Scott Hannah , Smith Alan L.
Published: January 2024

This study examined whether the links between children’s ADHD symptom severity and academic and social functioning varied based on their aerobic fitness levels. Hierarchical regression models were used to examine the main and interactive effects of inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive (HI) symptom severity and aerobic fitness levels on academic and social functioning in 198 children ( Mage = 6.83; 53% male; 68% White, 14% Mixed Race, 8% Black or African American; 2% Asian; 8% selected the “Other” category when reporting racial identity; across race categories, 15% identified as Hispanic or Latino ethnicity). Children’s aerobic fitness levels were assessed using a multistage fitness test. Parents rated children’s ADHD symptoms, and teachers rated academic and social functioning. Results highlighted negative associations between ADHD symptom severity and adaptive academic and social functioning. Aerobic fitness was positively linked with academic performance. Aerobic fitness moderated the associations between HI symptom severity and academic outcomes, highlighting that aerobic fitness may be protective against academic impairments for children with elevated HI symptoms.
Cyfra 21.1: A Useful Tumour Marker in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kuttanchettiyar Krishnakumar G. , V Viswanathan Kollengode , Chisthi Meer M.
Published: January 2024

Background

Pancreatic cancer is a challenging disease, often requiring invasive procedures for diagnosis. Reliable tumour markers are essential for ensuring early detection and better patient outcomes. Although Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 is the most commonly used marker, it is marred by low predictive accuracy and high false positivity. Carcino Embryonic Antigen also has limited practical use. A novel antigen, Cytokeratin fragment 21-1, is gaining significance for its diagnostic value in various tumours.

Materials and Methods

This prospective study aimed to evaluate the potential of Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 in comparison with Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Carcino Embryonic Antigen in diagnosing pancreatic cancer. From January 2016 to December 2019, 45 patients with confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were included in this cross-sectional study.

Results

Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 was raised in 22 patients, Carcino Embryonic Antigen was elevated in 17, and Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 was elevated in 30 cases. Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 was found to be elevated in the presence of jaundice. Both Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 had good correlation with stage of cancer, while Carcino Embryonic Antigen had very minimal correlation.

Conclusion

In this study, Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 was elevated in a higher number of cases than Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Carcino Embryonic Antigen. Both Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 and Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 correlated well with cancer stage. Also Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 was not affected by jaundice, unlike Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9. Therefore, Cytokeratin fragment 21-1 has the potential to be an effective individual tumour marker in pancreatic cancer.
Harmony and dissonance: Unveiling issue linkages between voters and parties across EU democracies
Authors: Popp Raluca
Published: January 2024

This research delves into the abundant landscape of party positioning data, highlighting a scarcity of interconnected voter and party positioning sources. Leveraging Voting Advice Applications (VAAs), this study explores congruence from a comparative standpoint, capturing political preferences on the same scale and timeframe. Analysing data from two pan-European VAAs, EU Profiler and euandi, congruence is evaluated based on voter’s alignment with their preferred party across three issue dimensions. Findings underscore varying linkage strengths, particularly evident in a narrower representation on cultural and gender issues compared to economic ones. The study underscores the advantages of VAA data, urging a shift beyond the left-right continuum for a comprehensive understanding of party-voter congruence in a dynamic political landscape.
Effectiveness of lifestyle intervention on prevention/management of antipsychotic-induced weight gain among persons with severe mental illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mohanty Krutideepa , Gandhi Sailaxmi , Krishna Prasad Muliyala , John Annie P , Bhaskarapillai Binukumar , Malo Palash , Thirthalli Jagadisha
Published: January 2024

Individualized lifestyle interventions using motivational interviewing (MI) approach are recommended for persons with severe mental illness (SMI) for effective weight management. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of various lifestyle interventions that addressed obesity among persons with SMI. Twelve RCTs were assessed by individual reviewers using revised cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2). The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated with a 95% CI. The age of participants was between 18 and 70 years. Waist circumference showed an SMD of −0.09 (−0.22, 0.03), weight −0.03 (−0.10, 0.15) and BMI −0.07 (−0.07, 0.22). The findings in this meta-analysis revealed that though lifestyle interventions were statistically insignificant in reducing antipsychotic induced weight gain among persons with SMI, they show changes in intervention group. Psychosocial management along with lifestyle interventions, and MI are effective in the management of antipsychotic induced weight gain.
Bilateral Distal Femoral Osteotomy for Valgus Knee Deformity May Result in Improved Patient-Reported Outcome Scores
Authors: Wongcharoenwatana Jidapa , Hamilton Amber A. , Hoellwarth Jason S. , Reif Taylor J. , Fragomen Austin T. , Rozbruch S. Robert
Published: January 2024

Background:

The lateral opening wedge distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) is an effective treatment for genu valgum to improve mechanical alignment, decrease lateral compartment loads, and decrease the risk of knee osteoarthritis. Multiple studies have utilized outcome scores assessing functional changes related to pain and joint stability, with a focus solely on knee pain and functional outcomes.

Questions/purposes:

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) that assessed knee function, pain, patient’s perception of body image, and limb deformity-related quality of life, both preoperatively and at least 1-year postoperatively.

Methods:

In a retrospective review of nontraumatic genu valgum patients who underwent bilateral DFO, preoperative and postoperative radiographs were evaluated. Routinely collected preoperative and 1-year postoperative PROMs scores were analyzed, using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Jr. (KOOS-JR) and the Limb Deformity-Modified Scoliosis Research Society (LD-SRS) score, in 72 limbs (36 patients): 7 men (19.44%) and 29 women (80.56%) with an average age of 35.34 ± 13.57 years. The mean follow-up time was 36.85 ± 24.43 months.

Results:

Overall mechanical axis deviation, lateral distal femoral angle, and mechanical axis alignment angle were significantly improved after DFO in all patients. Both PROMs also improved significantly from preoperative to postoperative scores: LD-SRS (3.10 ± 0.56 vs 4.19 ± 0.44, respectively) and KOOS-JR (63.02 ± 19.25 vs 78.06 ± 16.29, respectively).

Conclusion:

This retrospective review suggests that bilateral lateral opening-wedge DFOs in patients with symptomatic valgus knee deformity may be associated with improved overall knee health, limb deformity-related quality of life, and patients’ body image. Further study is needed.
The dynamics of multiword sequence extraction
Authors: Pinto Arata Leonardo , Ordonez Magro Laura , Ramisch Carlos , Grainger Jonathan , Rey Arnaud
Published: January 2024

Being able to process multiword sequences is central for both language comprehension and production. Numerous studies support this claim, but less is known about the way multiword sequences are acquired, and more specifically how associations between their constituents are established over time. Here we adapted the Hebb naming task into a Hebb lexical decision task to study the dynamics of multiword sequence extraction. Participants had to read letter strings presented on a computer screen and were required to classify them as words or pseudowords. Unknown to the participants, a triplet of words or pseudowords systematically appeared in the same order and random words or pseudowords were inserted between two repetitions of the triplet. We found that response times (RTs) for the unpredictable first position in the triplet decreased over repetitions (i.e., indicating the presence of a repetition effect) but more slowly and with a different dynamic compared with items appearing at the predictable second and third positions in the repeated triplet (i.e., showing a slightly different predictability effect). Implicit and explicit learning also varied as a function of the nature of the triplet (i.e., unrelated words, pseudowords, semantically related words, or idioms). Overall, these results provide new empirical evidence about the dynamics of multiword sequence extraction, and more generally about the role of statistical learning in language acquisition.
Flexible letter-position coding in Chinese-English L2 bilinguals: Evidence from eye movements
Authors: Man Hillarie , Parker Adam J , Taylor J. S. H.
Published: January 2024

Theories suggest that efficient recognition of English words depends on flexible letter-position coding, demonstrated by the fact that transposed-letter primes (e.g., JUGDE-judge) facilitate written word recognition more than substituted-letter primes (e.g., JUFBE-judge). The multiple route model predicts that reading experience should drive more flexible letter-position coding as readers transition from decoding words letter-by-letter to recognising words as wholes. This study therefore examined whether letter-position is coded flexibly in second-language English sentence reading for native Chinese speakers, and if this is influenced by English proficiency. Eye movements were measured while 54 adult native Chinese speakers read English sentences including either a real word (e.g., cheaply), a transposed-letter nonword (e.g., “ chepaly”), or a substituted-letter nonword (e.g., “ chegely”). Flexible letter-position coding was observed in initial and later processing stages—reading times were longer for substituted-letter than transposed-letter nonwords. In addition, reading times were longer in both initial and later processing stages for transposed-letter nonwords than real words, indicating that, despite encoding letter-position flexibly, readers processed letter-position. Although pre-registered frequentist analyses suggested that English proficiency did not predict overall reading times, Bayes Factors indicated that there was evidence for such a relationship. It is therefore likely that this proficiency analysis suffered from low power. Finally, neither frequentist nor Bayes Factor analyses suggested that English proficiency influenced the difference in reading times between different target word types, i.e., the nature of letter-position coding. Overall, these results suggest that highly proficient L2 learners code letter-position flexibly.