bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing fascism: The evolution of a neo-Nazi punk aesthetic
Authors: Raposo Ana , Bestley Russ
Published: June 2020

This article explores the design strategies of four record labels associated with the growth of an explicitly far-right sub-genre of punk in the United Kingdom between 1979 and the early 2000s: Rock-O-Rama Records, White Noise Records, Rebelles Européens and ISD Records. While Rock-O-Rama saw the inclusion of the genre as simply an extension of their existing business model, the other labels were established specifically to support the activities of a small number of explicitly far-right groups who were blacklisted by mainstream producers and distributors within the music industry. These labels were also able to develop independent, do-it-yourself approaches to marketing, promotion and distribution that bear striking similarity to other sub-genres of punk and post-punk in the United Kingdom and Europe, particularly the politically activist hardcore and anarcho-punk scenes. Earlier examples of record covers that employed ambiguous visual metaphors to evoke a mythical Aryan identity were eventually superseded by the emergence of a more extreme form of visual communication that utilized overtly racist images alongside symbols with specific coded meanings to demonstrate a commitment to the white nationalist cause. These visual strategies were to become more explicit as far-right punk scenes moved to embrace fascist ideologies in the 1990s and beyond, as connotations of brotherhood, persecution, endurance, Norse mythology and the nation eventually gave way to direct calls-to-arms and pledges of allegiance with White Power and neo-Nazi terrorist groups.
Julio Sáenz de Barés (1875-1936). Arquitecto en el Bilbao moderno
Authors: Zaparaín Yañez María José
Published: June 2020

La dilatada actividad de Julio Sáenz de Barés constituye un elocuente testimonio del panorama arquitectónico español del momento, en especial de Bilbao, ciudad donde se asentó y cuyo desarrollo urbanístico, arquitectónico y cultural, amparado por su dinamismo económico, aspiró a convertirla en "la Atenas del norte". Destacó por su incesante búsqueda de oportunidades en un tiempo apasionante y competitivo, dejando amplia huella en un extenso territorio a través, fundamentalmente, de sus intervenciones en la arquitectura doméstica con características muy heterogéneas.
Linking Computational Thinking and BNCC in Primary School: a qualitative study on the perspective of teachers
Authors: Martinelli Suéllen Rodolfo , Zaina Luciana Martinez , Sakata Tiemi Christine
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION: The incorporation of ways of developing computer skills in primary and secondary education has been a demand in some countries, and practice in others. Among these skills, Computational Thinking (CT) has the aim of working the ability to using mental processing to find out solutions to problems. National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) of Brazil, CT appears strictly applied to the curricular component of Mathematics and focused on the use of technologies. OBJECTIVE: This paper presents the connections between CT and the skills and the subjects found in BNCC. These connections were identified from activities which were created and applied by primary school teachers. METHOD: A practical continuing education course was carried out in which two groups of teachers who had to handle teaching activities that associated CT to BNCC. During the course, the participants were encouraged to create practical activities to be applied in their classrooms afterwards. In total, 33 activities were built by the participants. Later, these activities were examined, and some parts were coding following a qualitative analysis approach. RESULTS: As a result, we found out codes related to actions, concepts and processes that were connected to four subject areas of BNCC. CONCLUSION: Most of the participants had a preference to use unplugged activities and applied different teaching strategies. Additionally, we concluded that the CT is characterized as being a multidisciplinary topic and can be associated with different components of the curriculum. Even having struggled in some activities, we considered the participants could foster among their students the "computational think".
How do Teachers Apply Computational Thinking Activities in Elementary School? From Continuing Education to the classroom
Authors: Martinelli Suéllen Rodolfo , Zaina Luciana Martinez , Sakata Tiemi Christine
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION: There is no consensus of what skills can be developed from the learning of Computation Thinking (CT). However, teachers and researchers agreed that by the learning of CT individuals can acquire and expand many abilities. Courses have been carried out in Brazil and in other countries with the aim of motivating teachers on adding CT to classroom practices. OBJECTIVE: This article to present a case study that investigated the feasibility of introducing activities of CT for primary school children. Such activities were created and mediated by the teachers of Primary School. METHOD: First, a continuing education course about Computational Thinking was conducted with the participation of 14 teachers. The participants could understand the fundamentals of CT, and consequently, became able to planning and conducting CT activities by themselves in their classrooms. After, we analyzed the data gathered during the course under the quantitative and qualitative lenses. RESULTS: The results showed that the participants had a degree of agreement between 56% and 71% regarding the understanding and applicability of CT to developing skills in Primary School. The qualitative findings revealed that the participants could prepare activities that linked CT to topics presented in the subjects of Primary School. Besides, we could identify three patterns of shaping the activities in which this "computational think" were incorporated. CONCLUSION: Practices to stimulate the CT in students are mediated by using different teaching strategies as such Gamification and Culture Maker. These activities also enable the development of skills related to the National Curricular Common Base
Involving Users and Creating Symbols for Tangible Programming: a Case Study with TaPrEC
Authors: Luque Carbajal Marleny , Baranauskas Cecília
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION: Participatory Design is an approach that is characterized by the active participation of users as part of the design team, thus reflecting their perspectives and needs in the product design. BrainDraw is a participatory technique for use in the design phase of product creation. This article investigates the use of participatory practices with elementary school teachers, aiming at the redesign of the programming blocks of TaPrEC, a tangible programming environment for children. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed at the redesign of symbols for the repetition blocks of TaPrEC involving the main stakeholders. METHOD: A Case Study in an educational space that offers activities during out-of-school hours to children was carried out using the BrainDraw technique with a group of elementary school teachers to redesign the symbols of the repetition blocks of the TaPrEC. The experimentation and evaluation of the created symbols were carried out by the same teachers and a group of elementary school children. We also applied the Self-Assessment Manikin form to assess the participants' affective responses during participatory activities. RESULTS: The results of the workshops highlight that the symbols created by the teachers have been better accepted by teachers and children. This positive acceptance may result from the fact that the participatory solutions proposed by the teachers suggest associations with everyday elements such as traffic signs and the symbol of multiplication. CONCLUSION: Participatory Design is a process that involves researchers and end-users in creating products for their use. Using this approach, we studied different symbol proposals for representing and understanding the repetition blocks of TaPrEC, a tangible programming environment, to promote a solution that had the participation of stakeholders and reached a solution that made sense to them.
Computational Thinking and Digital Games: Developing Skills With Fun
Authors: Zabot Diego , Ribeiro de Andrade Saulo , De Souza Matos Ecivaldo
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION: Several researchers consider the importance of Computational Thinking being presented and developed from the earliest years of basic education and, furthermore, that digital games can be one of the vehicles to introduce it to children in schools. However, before developing new game solutions for this purpose, it is important to recognize how games can actually contribute to develop Computational Thinking, as well as to identify which skills have been worked on. OBJECTIVE: In this sense, this article presents the synthesis of a systematic mapping, whose objective was to identify how digital games can be used to develop Computational Thinking skills. METHOD: The objective was met by a systematic literature mapping executed by two reviewers and an expert. RESULTS: It was possible to identify some games used to stimulate the development of Computational Thinking skills, as well as the mechanics used by these games. CONCLUSION: It has been found that puzzle games are most commonly used to develop skills in Computational Reasoning. It has also been observed that the abilities of Abstraction and Algorithmic Thinking are the main skills developed in these games.
The Role of Bile Acids in Chronic Diarrhea
Authors: Camilleri Michael , Vijayvargiya Priya
Published: June 2020

Bile acids (BAs) are the central signals in enterohepatic communication, and they also integrate microbiota-derived signals into enterohepatic signaling. The tissue distribution and signaling pathways activated by BAs through natural receptors, farsenoid X receptor and G protein–coupled BA receptor 1 (GPBAR1, also known as Takeda G-coupled receptor 5), have led to a greater understanding of the mechanisms and potential therapeutic agents. BA diarrhea is most commonly encountered in ileal resection or disease, in idiopathic disorders (with presentation similar to functional diarrhea or irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea), and in association with malabsorption such as chronic pancreatitis or celiac disease. Diagnosis of BA diarrhea is based on 75Se-homocholic acid taurine retention, 48-hour fecal BA excretion, or serum 7αC4; the latter being a marker of hepatic BA synthesis. BA diarrhea tends to be associated with higher body mass index, increased stool weight and stool fat, and acceleration of colonic transit. Biochemical markers of increased BA synthesis or excretion are available through reference laboratories. Current treatment of BA diarrhea is based on BA sequestrants, and, in the future, it is anticipated that farsenoid X receptor agonists may also be effective. The optimal conditions for an empiric trial with BA sequestrants as a diagnostic test are still unclear. However, such therapeutic trials are widely used in clinical practice. Some national guidelines recommend definitive diagnosis of BA diarrhea over empirical trial.
Long-term Consequences of Undiagnosed Celiac Seropositivity
Authors: Kårhus Line Lund , Skaaby Tea , Petersen Janne , Madsen Anja Lykke , Thuesen Betina Heinsbæk , Schwarz Peter , Rumessen Jüri J. , Linneberg Allan
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Diagnosed celiac disease (CD) is associated with lymphoproliferative malignancy and gastrointestinal cancer, but little is known about the long-term consequences of undiagnosed CD. We aimed to investigate long-term consequences of undiagnosed CD for mortality and incidence of cancer and other chronic diseases.

METHODS:

We screened biobank serum samples for immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG tissue transglutaminase (TTG) and IgG deamidated gliadin peptide in a study of 8 population-based cohort studies comprising 16,776 participants examined during 1976–2012 and followed with >99% complete follow-up in Danish nationwide registries until December 31, 2017, regarding vital status and incidence of diseases. Undiagnosed CD was defined as antibody positivity (IgA-TTG or IgG-TTG ≥ 7 U/mL and/or IgG deamidated gliadin peptide ≥ 10 U/mL) in individuals without a diagnosis of CD recorded in the National Patient Register. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by Cox regression analyses with age as the underlying time scale.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of undiagnosed CD was 1.0% with no statistically significant increase over time. Undiagnosed CD was associated with increased risk of cancer overall (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.16–2.11), gastrointestinal cancer (HR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.35–4.04), cancer of the uterus (HR, 3.95; 95% CI, 1.46–10.69), breast cancer (HR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.02–3.82), head and neck cancer (HR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.15–8.43), and cardiovascular disease (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.01–1.85). We found no statistically significant association between undiagnosed CD and mortality (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.87–1.61).

DISCUSSION:

Undiagnosed CD was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer suggesting that untreated CD has serious long-term health consequences not only affecting the gastrointestinal tract (see Visual Abstract, Supplementary Digital Content, http://links.lww.com/AJG/B566).
Key opportunities and challenges for the use of big data in migration research and policy
Authors: Franklinos Lydia , Parrish Rebecca , Burns Rachel , Caflisch Andrea , Mallick Bishawjit , Rahman Taifur , Routsis Vasileios , Sebastián López Ana , Tatem Andrew , Trigwell Robert
Published: June 2020

Migration is one of the defining issues of the 21st century. Better data is required to improve understanding about how and why people are moving, target interventions and support evidence-based migration policy. Big data, defined as large, complex data from diverse sources, has been proposed as a solution to help address current gaps in knowledge. The authors participated in a workshop held in London, UK, in July 2019, that brought together experts from the UN, humanitarian NGOs, policy and academia to develop a better understanding of how big data could be used for migration research and policy. We identified six key areas regarding the application of big data in migration research and policy: accessing and utilising data; integrating data sources and knowledge; understanding environmental drivers of migration; improving healthcare access for migrant populations; ethical and security concerns; and addressing political narratives. We advocate the need for increased cross-disciplinary collaborations to advance the use of big data in migration research whilst safeguarding vulnerable migrant communities.
Assessing Maximal Oxygen Uptake: Creating Personalized Incremental Exercise Protocols Simply and Quickly
Authors: Ferri Marini Carlo , Correale Luca , Carnevale Pellino Vittoria , Federici Ario , Vandoni Matteo , Lucertini Francesco
Published: June 2020

Measuring cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) is important for researchers, clinicians, and exercise practitioners to assess an individual's CF. One method of assessing CF is accomplished by measuring the maximal oxygen uptake during a personalized maximal graded exercise test (GXT). Tailoring a GXT protocol to a specific subject can be troublesome and time-consuming. In this article, simple and ready-to-use spreadsheets allowing the creation of individualized walking, running, and cycling GXT protocols are presented and explained. The procedures within the spreadsheets are based on the latest validated protocols, and the spreadsheets represent a time-saving, practical, and useful tool.
Reformation und Bauernkrieg
Authors: Pilsinger Sabrina
Published: June 2020

Reformation and Peasants’ WarThis paper examines the connections and interactions between the Reformation and the German Peasants’ War. It focusses on the central actors of the two processes and shows the personal connections between the leaders of the different groups of reformation, i.e. Martin Luther and Ulrich Zwingli, and the process of the uprising and the demands of the peasants. In addition, the aspect of space and the variety of demands will be addressed.
Das Brautinventar der Paola Gonzaga: Hochzeitswagen und Brauttruhen
Authors: Wanek Wolfgang D.
Published: June 2020

The Bride Inventory of Paola Gonzaga: Bridal Cart and ChestsThe following paper takes a closer look at the bridal cart and chests of the Mantuan princess Paola Gonzaga, who was sent to marry Leonhard of Gorizia in 1478. With her she brought an adequate dowry, which was listed in an inventory. Based on this document, aspects of the material culture of the time shall be discussed and used to gain insights into the daily life of women and their situation in the 15th century. The analysis will focus on two categories of Paola’s dowry: the partly preserved chests and the luxurious bride cart and its accessories. Those objects also shed light onto the socio-political situation of the late medieval period, and provide insights into the mechanism and imaginaries of medieval dynastic representation, namely of the Gonzaga family.
Agoge und Paideia – Ein Überblick über die Erziehungssysteme Spartas und Athens
Authors: Kleyhons Ferdinand
Published: June 2020

Agoge and Paideia – an overview of the education systems of Sparta and AthensThe following proseminar paper gives an overview of the education systems of Sparta and Athens. Both were amongst the most influential Poleis of ancient Greece, but still had completely different educational systems: the Spartan Agoge and the Athenian Paideia. Based on primary sources and secondary literature, this paper will not just give an overview, but also compare those two systems in various aspects, such as the upbringing of children in the family or the system of public education, and then examine their impact on the respective societies.
Removing the endosperm of ginseng and American ginseng seeds results in embryos developing into normal seedlings
Authors: Li Hongyu , Li Yuan , Xu Shiquan , Wang Yingping , Zhang Hao
Published: June 2020

Both ginseng and American ginseng are world-famous traditional medicines with multiple bioactivities. The deep dormancy of their seeds causes serious problems in artificial cultivation. However, little is known about the physiological mechanism of seed dormancy and how to shorten the
seed dormancy period for these two plant species. An experiment was conducted to determine whether endosperm removal would promote embryo development in ginseng and American ginseng and if in vitro embryos would suffer nutrient deficiency during seedling establishment. The results show
that excised embryos developed radicles longer than 2 mm, using any culture method, whereas no germination was observed for intact seeds. Excised embryos, without the endosperm nutrient-supply have the ability of developing into a normal seedling, but in vitro embryos grown on MS medium
have greater fresh weight, seedling height and radicle length than those grown on filter paper and pure agar medium. In summary, removing endosperm can overcome physiological dormancy of ginseng and American ginseng seeds, and nutrient level determines the development and growth rate of the
embryo.
Adipokines as biomarkers of postpartum subclinical endometritis in dairy cows
Authors: Pereira Gonçalo , Bexiga Ricardo , Chagas e Silva João , Silva Elisabete , Ramé Christelle , Dupont Joëlle , Guo Yongzhi , Humblot Patrice , Lopes-da-Costa Luís
Published: June 2020

Adipokines emerged as regulators of metabolism and inflammation in several scenarios. This study evaluated the relationship between adipokines (adiponectin, chemerin and visfatin) and cytological (subclinical) endometritis, by comparing healthy (without), transient (recovered by 45 days postpartum (DPP)) and persistent (until 45 DPP) endometritis cows (n = 49). Cows with persistent endometritis had higher adiponectin concentrations in plasma (at 21 DPP, P < 0.05 and at 45 DPP, P < 0.01) and in uterine fluid (at 45 DPP, P < 0.001), and higher chemerin concentrations in plasma (P < 0.05) and uterine fluid (P < 0.01) at 45 DPP than healthy cows. Cows with persistent endometritis had higher gene transcription in the cellular pellet of uterine fluid and protein expression in the endometrium of these adipokines and their receptors than healthy cows. Adiponectin plasma concentrations allowed to discriminate healthy from persistent endometritis cows, in 87% (21 DPP) and 98% (45 DPP) of cases, and adiponectin and chemerin uterine fluid concentrations at 45 DPP allowed for this discrimination in 100% of cases. Cows with concentrations above the cutoff were a minimum of 3.5 (plasma 21 DPP), 20.4 (plasma 45 DPP), and 33.3 (uterine fluid 45 DPP) times more at risk of evidencing persistent endometritis at 45 DPP than cows with concentrations below the cutoff. Overall, results indicate a relationship between adipokine signalling and the inflammatory status of the postpartum uterus of dairy cows, evidencing that adipokines represent suitable biomarkers of subclinical endometritis, able to predict the risk of persistence of inflammation.
Patterns of MTT reduction in mammalian spermatozoa
Authors: Aitken Robert John , Gregoratos Diatsendoula , Kutzera Leslie , Towney Emma , Lin Minjie , Wilkins Alexandra , Gibb Zamira
Published: June 2020

MTT is widely used in biology as a probe for cell viability by virtue of its ability to generate deposits of insoluble formazan at sites of intense oxidoreductase activity. This response is generally held to reflect mitochondrial redox activity; however, extra-mitochondrial MTT reduction has also been recorded in certain cell types. Given this background, we set out to determine the major sites of formazan deposition in mammalian spermatozoa. In the mouse, most MTT reduction took place within the extensive mitochondrial gyres, with a single minor site of formazan deposition on the sperm head. By contrast, human spermatozoa generally displayed small disorganized midpieces exhibiting moderate MTT reduction activity accompanied by a major extra-mitochondrial formazan deposit on various locations in the sperm head from the neck to the anterior acrosome. Equine spermatozoa presented a combination of these two patterns, with major formazan deposition in the mitochondria accompanied by an extra-mitochondrial formazan deposit in around 20% of cells. The functionality of human spermatozoa was positively associated with the presence of an extra-mitochondrial formazan granule. Subsequent studies indicated that this extra-mitochondrial activity was suppressed by the presence of diphenylene iodonium, zinc, 2-deoxyglucose, co-enzyme Q, an SOD mimetic and NADPH oxidase inhibitors. We conclude that the pattern of MTT reduction to formazan by spermatozoa is species specific and conveys significant information about the relative importance of mitochondrial vs extra-mitochondrial redox activity that, in turn, defines the functional qualities of these cells.
La espiritualidad de la unidad en san Ignacio de Antioquía: una propuesta de vida cristiana
Authors: Rada Pardo Juan Camilo
Published: June 2020

La vida cristiana está íntimamente penetrada por la presencia de Dios que abarca toda la existencia. San Ignacio de Antioquía ofrece un itinerario espiritual centrado en la unidad por la que se interpreta cómo actúa esta infusión de Dios. La pertinencia de la vivencia mística cristiana es algo preeminente en la noción de Iglesia en salida como interiorización de la unidad del cuerpo místico de Cristo o como la necesidad de la experiencia comunitaria de la evangelización. La mística de la unidad fundamentada en la unidad de Dios y vivida en la comunidad eclesial es una propuesta de vida coherente con el misterio de Cristo, una opción para vivir auténticamente la vocación cristiana.
Ist der Green New Deal sinnvoll?
Authors: Kemfert Claudia , Frondel Manuel
Published: June 2020

Seit Greta Thunberg und den Fridays for Future-Demonstrationen ist der Klimawandel in aller Munde – gerade auch unter den Politikern. Im Januar hat die neue EU-Kommissionschefin Ursula von der Leyen konkretes zum Green New Deal verkündet. Demnach soll Europa als erster Kontinent bis zum Jahr 2050 klimaneutral sein. Das bedeutet, dass neue Produkte und Dienstleistungen den Anteil von Treibhausgas in der Atmosphäre nicht mehr erhöhen. Um den Weg dorthin gerecht zu gestalten, sollen in der kommenden EU-Haushaltsperiode von 2021 bis 2027 mindestens 100 Milliarden Euro für betroffene Regionen bereitgestellt werden. Insgesamt sind sogar Investitionen in einer Größenordnung von 1 Billion Euro notwendig. Die Ökonomen Claudia Kemfert und Manuel Frondel sind unterschiedlicher Meinung, ob der politisch initiierte Green New Deal sinnvoll ist.
Der "Solidaritätshubbel"
Authors: Pfeifer Andreas
Published: June 2020

Zusätzlich zur Einkommensteuer ist in Deutschland ein sogenannter Solidaritätszu­schlag von grundsätzlich 5,5 Prozent der Einkommensteuer zusätzlich zu zahlen. Die Erhöhung erscheint nicht sehr groß; deshalb wird in vielen Untersuchungen über die Einkommensteuer der Solidaritätszuschlag nicht berücksichtigt. Aber Regelungen im Solidaritätsgesetz führen dazu, dass bestimmte niedrige Einkommenssteuerbeträge nicht nur zu einer Erhöhung um 5,5 Prozent führen, sondern sogar mit 20 Prozent Zuschlag besteuert werden. Dies ergibt dann den sogenannten Solidaritätshubbel. Mit Berücksichtigung dieses Zuschlags ergeben sich erhebliche überraschende Ver­änderungen der Grenzsteuersätze, die auf Anhieb kaum zu vermuten sind.
Die Arbeit ist fertig - was nun?
Authors: Lehmann Günter
Published: June 2020

Promotions-, Master- und auch Bachelorarbeiten enthalten eine Fülle von Ideen. Aber wie viele davon werden umgesetzt? Sicher besteht für den Verfasser das unmittelbare Interesse zunächst darin, seine Befähigung für das wissenschaftliche Arbeiten nachzuweisen und diese auch angemessen bestätigt zu bekommen. Bleibt es aber bei diesem Anspruch, so wird ein Großteil der Arbeiten letztlich zum „Ideengrab“. Der Verfasser muss selber erkennen: Die Idee als solche entfaltet noch keine Wirkung. Auf ihre Umsetzung kommt es an. Im vorliegenden Text werden dafür Anregungen vorgestellt.
Die Berücksichtigung des Tax Shield in der Entity/WACC-Methode
Authors: Oehlrich Marcus
Published: June 2020

Die Discounted-Cash-Flow-Verfahren (DCF-Verfahren) sind aufgrund der methodischer Anerkennung der Kapitalwertmethode Standard in der Unternehmensbewertung. Allerdings herrscht bei der praktischen Umsetzung Unsicherheit aufgrund der intransparenten Berücksichtigung des Tax Shield in der Entity/WACC-Methode. Der Beitrag erläutert die Anwendung der Methode und beleuchtet die Beachtung der Ertragsteuerwirkung im Tax Shield als Verbindung von Finanzierungtheorie und steuerrechtlicher Realität.
Der Planungswertausgleich - mehr Geisterdebatte als substantieller Vorschlag
Authors: Arentz Oliver
Published: June 2020

Die SPD schlägt einen Planungswertausgleich vor, um planungsbedingte Wertsteigerungen abzuschöpfen. Das bereits in den 1970er Jahren diskutierte bodenpolitische Instrument gestaltet sich in der Umsetzung schwierig. Zum ist die Bestimmung der planungsbedingten Wertsteigerung problematisch und zum anderen nutzen viele Gemeinden bereits andere Instrumente wie städtebauliche Verträge, die ebenfalls auf die planungsbedingten Wertsteigerungen zugreifen.
Die Wirkung von Höchstpreisen am Beispiel der Mietpreisbremse und der Mietendeckelung
Authors: Hustert Frank
Published: June 2020

Die Preise für Mieten steigen insbesondere in den deutschen Metropolen und den kreisfreien Großstädten überproportional. Daher wird die Einführung von Mietpreisbremsen und Mietendecklungen zunehmend in Deutschland diskutiert bzw. beschlossen. Der Beitrag verdeutlicht die ökonomischen Auswirkungen von Höchstpreisen theoretisch am Beispiel des Polypolmarktes mit praktischem Bezug auf die aktuelle Entwicklung in Berlin.
Masterstudiengang "Taxation" an der WFI - Ingolstadt School of Management
Authors: Koch Reinald , Langenmayr Dominika , Holtmann Svea
Published: June 2020

Prof. Dr. Reinald Koch und Prof. Dr. Dominika Langenmayr haben gemeinsam den neuen Masterstudiengang „Taxation“ an der WFI – Ingolstadt School of Management initiiert. Der Studiengang bewegt sich an der Schnittstelle von BWL und VWL.
Vermögensteuer: Darstellung, Probleme und Perspektiven
Authors: Scherf Wolfgang
Published: June 2020

Mit Blick auf die Steuergerechtigkeit wird häufig eine persönliche Vermögensteuer als Ergänzung der Einkommensteuer gefordert. Allerdings ist die Vermögensteuer weder mit dem Leistungsfähigkeitsprinzip, noch mit dem Ziel einer gleichmäßigeren Vermögensverteilung überzeugend zu begründen. Zudem fällt die Relation zwischen Erhebungskosten und Steueraufkommen aufgrund der komplizierten Bewertung des Grund- und Betriebsvermögens ungünstig aus. Da ihre Funktionen sehr gut durch eine synthetische Einkommensteuer in Kombination mit der Erbschaftsteuer wahrgenommen werden können, sollte auf die Vermögensteuer verzichtet werden.
From Centralized Energy Generation and Distribution to Clean Energy Communities: Exploring New Modes of Governance for the Energy Sector
Authors: Söllner Albrecht , Haverland Tessa
Published: June 2020

Community management is swiftly developing into a central research field in management literature. A growing body of conceptual and empirical studies is concerned with different aspects of communities, their initiation, management, and termination. One sector that offers a particularly exciting research topic in this respect is the energy sector. We elaborate on the radical transition of the energy industry from large, centralized power-generation facilities to a much more decentralized, community-based production of energy. We scrutinize the theoretical perspectives on managing communities and distinguish between different modes of governance for the production of energy. We also consider recent European Union initiatives that will have a noteworthy effect on the transition process. Our typology shows that the necessary management tasks vary across different types of coordination. Eventually, the establishment of clean energy communities might challenge the very identities of established utility providers.
The impact of flexible working arrangements on competitive advantages of organization
Authors: Pavlova Oksana
Published: June 2020

In modern marketplace business organizations are obliged to take into consideration that in order to compete among other organizations, they must attract the best talents who are able to make creative decisions. According to the latest issue of world competitiveness report (2019), employees are striving for flexibility despite the observed fact that they also tend to lack skills and described as volatile. Organizations are trying to suggest appealing working conditions in order to position themselves as attractive employees. This might be the reason why many of the leading organizations in the world position themselves as employers of flexible working conditions (Wiryakusuma, Chai, King et al. 2017). As there is a skills gap noticed as a prevailing global trend, it became harder for organizations to change employees. Therefore, a lot of efforts and investments are necessary in order to keep a skillful and efficient employee.
Catheter Interventions for Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis: Who, When and How
Authors: Go Catherine , Chaer Rabih A , Avgerinos Efthymios D
Published: June 2020

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is common and can be a source of morbidity by way of pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome. Recent trials have demonstrated both early and late symptomatic benefit in venous thrombolysis and early recanalisation of the iliocaval system of selected patients. Based on the emerging evidence, national societies have published guidelines that recommend early thrombus removal in iliofemoral DVT in patients with low bleeding risk and good life expectancy. In light of these recommendations, endovenous thrombolysis and/or thrombectomy have become more popular among vein specialists. As more venous technology becomes available, surgeons and interventionalists should take pause and ensure their patient selection and treatment algorithms parallel that of existing and emerging evidence. This article summarises current evidence, technology, and the approach used at a high-volume academic centre in treating iliofemoral DVT.
Aluminum Waste in Road Pavement Subgrade
Authors: Cabalar Ali Firat , Govar Hayder , Abdulnafaa Mohammed D. , Isik Haluk
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to investigate the use of spiral aluminum computer numerical control milling waste (CNC-W) in the construction of road pavement subgrade. The soil (CL) was mixed with CNC-W spirals with ratios of between 0% and 20%, and 5 percent increments by dry weight with different water contents. California Bearing Ratio (CBR), Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), and consolidation tests were conducted. The experimental results indicated that the inclusion of CNC-W spirals increased the CBR value of clay up to the 15% mixture ratio, then decreased it. Similarly, the UCS value of clay was increased to the same ratio, whilst the UCS was not able to be determined due to the failing of all specimens with a mixture ratio higher than 15%. The permeability and swelling values, as well as the consolidation characteristics of the mixtures, were defined. The swelling percentages decreased from 1,15 cm/sec to 0,81 cm/sec with an increment in the CNC-W spiral content. A reduction was observed in the coefficient of permeability (k) values up to 15% mixture ratio, whilst it remained constant with change in CNC-W spiral content with a 20% mixture ratio. Coefficient of consolidation demonstrated a similar pattern of behavior to the permeability changes
Effects of starter culture and storage on volatile profiles and sensory characteristics of yogurt or cream butter
Authors: Gundogdu Engin , Cakmakci Songul , Hayaloglu Ali Adnan
Published: June 2020

In this study volatile compounds and sensory properties of butter produced from cream or yogurt using Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis or Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris as well as a mixture of these two bacteria were investigated over 60 days. A
total of 10 esters, 6 aldehydes, 11 ketones, 16 alcohols, 6 acids, 2 sulphides, 3 terpenes, and 3 miscellaneous compounds were detected. There were more volatile compounds in cream butter than in yogurt butter. While S-methyl thioacetate was only found in yogurt butter samples, hexanal, ethanol, 2-nonanone, 2-pentanone, 2-heptanone, acetic,
butanoic (butyric) and hexanoic acid were the most abundant volatiles in both cream and yogurt butter. The results showed that the use of starter in the manufacturing of yogurt butter, which is traditionally produced without starters, affected the volatile compounds and sensory properties. The highest general acceptability scores were given to the butter samples containing mixed cultures at the end of storage.
Aulas por Videoconferência: Uma solução para o distanciamento social provocado pela COVID-19 ou um grande problema?
Authors: Khatib Ahmed Sameer El
Published: June 2020

Desde março de 2020, as universidades ao redor do mundo têm experimentado uma migração maciça, sem precedentes, da educação tradicional presencial em sala de aula para a educação on-line. Em um curto período de tempo, milhões de membros do corpo docente começaram a ensinar na frente de uma tela de computador, e seus alunos precisam ficar em casa, realizando cursos pela Internet. Além do Brasil, com a disseminação do COVID-19 em todo o mundo, em 13 de março de 2020, 61 países na África, Ásia, Europa, Oriente Médio, América do Norte e América do Sul anunciaram ou implementaram o fechamento de escolas e universidades e a maioria das universidades aplicaram fechamentos localizados. O novo surto do Coronavírus (COVID-19) está provocando mudanças profundas no ensino tradicional em diversos países do mundo e criando alternativas, que já eram utilizadas anteriormente, mas em menor escala, como a videoconferência. A videoconferência como ferramenta de aprendizagem tem sido amplamente utilizada entre educadores e alunos neste momento de Pandemia, a fim de induzir uma comunicação eficaz entre alunos e professores ou alunos e seus colegas, especialmente quando os recursos presenciais não são possíveis por tempo indeterminado. Diferentes tipos de plataformas ou sistemas de videoconferência surgiram para uso nas instituições de ensino superior atuais. Pesquisas anteriores se concentraram em examinar o potencial de três formas diferentes de sistemas de videoconferência: Videoconferência de Mesa (VCM), Videoconferência Interativa (VCI) e Videoconferência na Web (VCW). Neste estudo, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura para aumentar o conhecimento atual sobre o uso desses sistemas de videoconferência. Foi fornecida uma classificação dos paradigmas de videoconferência a partir das perspectivas do construtivismo e do cognitivismo. O resumo dos resultados para esses sistemas de videoconferência revelou oportunidades, resultados e desafios específicos de aprendizagem para alunos e instrutores, especialmente após o término da Pandemia atual. Os resultados sugerem que as políticas atuais e as estratégias de ensino não estavam prontas para fornecer uma experiência de aprendizado acessível e abrangente em VCM e VCI antes do surto da COVID-19. Em relação aos estudos realizados anteriormente sobre o uso da videoconferência no ensino superior, este estudo oferece uma consideração mais ampla dos desafios relevantes que surgem ao usar determinados sistemas de videoconferência em situações de aprendizado e ensino e que podem ser utilizados no momento atual que vive a educação.
Ensaísta Onisciente
Authors: Labriola Rodrigo
Published: June 2020

O trabalho explora as relações entre crítica, historiografia e cânone na literatura latino-americana a partir das três fases propostas por Ana Pizarro em La literatura latinoamericana como proceso, com vínculos ao conceito de cidade letrada de Angel Rama e à literatura contemporânea.
Hypothetical Answers to Continuous Queries over Data Streams
Authors: Cruz-Filipe Luís , Nunes Isabel , Gaspar Graça
Published: June 2020

Continuous queries over data streams often delay answers until some relevant input arrives through the data stream. These delays may turn answers, when they arrive, obsolete to users who sometimes have to make decisions with no help whatsoever. Therefore, it can be useful to provide hypothetical answers – “given the current information, it is possible that X will become true at time t” – instead of no information at all. In this paper we present a semantics for queries and corresponding answers that covers such hypothetical answers, together with an online algorithm for updating the set of facts that are consistent with the currently available information.
ElGolog: A High-Level Programming Language with Memory of the Execution History
Authors: De Giacomo Giuseppe , Lespérance Yves , Ternovska Eugenia
Published: June 2020

Most programming languages only support tests that refer exclusively to the current state. This applies even to high-level programming languages based on the situation calculus such as Golog. The result is that additional variables/fluents/data structures must be introduced to track conditions that the program uses in tests to make decisions. In this paper, drawing inspiration from McCarthy's Elephant 2000, we propose an extended version of Golog, called ElGolog, that supports rich tests about the execution history, where tests are expressed in a first-order variant of two-way linear dynamic logic that uses ElGolog programs with converse. We show that in spite of rich tests, ElGolog shares key features with Golog, including a sematics based on macroexpansion into situation calculus formulas, upon which regression can still be applied. We also show that like Golog, our extended language can easily be implemented in ElGolog.
Resilient Logic Programs: Answer Set Programs Challenged by Ontologies
Authors: Lukumbuzya Sanja , Ortiz Magdalena , Šimkus Mantas
Published: June 2020

We introduce resilient logic programs (RLPs) that couple a non-monotonic logic program and a first-order (FO) theory or description logic (DL) ontology. Unlike previous hybrid languages, where the interaction between the program and the theory is limited to consistency or query entailment tests, in RLPs answer sets must be ‘resilient’ to the models of the theory, allowing non-output predicates of the program to respond differently to different models. RLPs can elegantly express ∃∀∃-QBFs, disjunctive ASP, and configuration problems under incompleteness of information. RLPs are decidable when a couple of natural assumptions are made: (i) satisfiability of FO theories in the presence of closed predicates is decidable, and (ii) rules are safe in the style of the well-known DL-safeness. We further show that a large fragment of such RLPs can be translated into standard (disjunctive) ASP, for which efficient implementations exist. For RLPs with theories expressed in DLs, we use a novel relaxation of safeness that safeguards rules via predicates whose extensions can be inferred to have a finite bound. We present several complexity results for the case where ontologies are written in some standard DLs.
Relatedness and TBox-Driven Rule Learning in Large Knowledge Bases
Authors: Pirrò Giuseppe
Published: June 2020

We present RARL, an approach to discover rules of the form body ⇒ head in large knowledge bases (KBs) that typically include a set of terminological facts (TBox) and a set of TBox-compliant assertional facts (ABox). RARL's main intuition is to learn rules by leveraging TBox-information and the semantic relatedness between the predicate(s) in the atoms of the body and the predicate in the head. RARL uses an efficient relatedness-driven TBox traversal algorithm, which given an input rule head, generates the set of most semantically related candidate rule bodies. Then, rule confidence is computed in the ABox based on a set of positive and negative examples. Decoupling candidate generation and rule quality assessment offers greater flexibility than previous work.
Contextual Parameter Generation for Knowledge Graph Link Prediction
Authors: Stoica George , Stretcu Otilia , Platanios Emmanouil Antonios , Mitchell Tom , Póczos Barnabás
Published: June 2020

We consider the task of knowledge graph link prediction. Given a question consisting of a source entity and a relation (e.g., Shakespeare and BornIn), the objective is to predict the most likely answer entity (e.g., England). Recent approaches tackle this problem by learning entity and relation embeddings. However, they often constrain the relationship between these embeddings to be additive (i.e., the embeddings are concatenated and then processed by a sequence of linear functions and element-wise non-linearities). We show that this type of interaction significantly limits representational power. For example, such models cannot handle cases where a different projection of the source entity is used for each relation. We propose to use contextual parameter generation to address this limitation. More specifically, we treat relations as the context in which source entities are processed to produce predictions, by using relation embeddings to generate the parameters of a model operating over source entity embeddings. This allows models to represent more complex interactions between entities and relations. We apply our method on two existing link prediction methods, including the current state-of-the-art, resulting in significant performance gains and establishing a new state-of-the-art for this task. These gains are achieved while also reducing convergence time by up to 28 times.
FDN: Feature Decoupling Network for Head Pose Estimation
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wang Mengmeng , Liu Yong , Yuan Yi
Published: June 2020

Head pose estimation from RGB images without depth information is a challenging task due to the loss of spatial information as well as large head pose variations in the wild. The performance of existing landmark-free methods remains unsatisfactory as the quality of estimated pose is inferior. In this paper, we propose a novel three-branch network architecture, termed as Feature Decoupling Network (FDN), a more powerful architecture for landmark-free head pose estimation from a single RGB image. In FDN, we first propose a feature decoupling (FD) module to explicitly learn the discriminative features for each pose angle by adaptively recalibrating its channel-wise responses. Besides, we introduce a cross-category center (CCC) loss to constrain the distribution of the latent variable subspaces and thus we can obtain more compact and distinct subspaces. Extensive experiments on both in-the-wild and controlled environment datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods based on a single RGB image and behaves on par with approaches based on multimodal input resources.
Knowledge Integration Networks for Action Recognition
Authors: Zhang Shiwen , Guo Sheng , Wang Limin , Huang Weilin , Scott Matthew
Published: June 2020

In this work, we propose Knowledge Integration Networks (referred as KINet) for video action recognition. KINet is capable of aggregating meaningful context features which are of great importance to identifying an action, such as human information and scene context. We design a three-branch architecture consisting of a main branch for action recognition, and two auxiliary branches for human parsing and scene recognition which allow the model to encode the knowledge of human and scene for action recognition. We explore two pre-trained models as teacher networks to distill the knowledge of human and scene for training the auxiliary tasks of KINet. Furthermore, we propose a two-level knowledge encoding mechanism which contains a Cross Branch Integration (CBI) module for encoding the auxiliary knowledge into medium-level convolutional features, and an Action Knowledge Graph (AKG) for effectively fusing high-level context information. This results in an end-to-end trainable framework where the three tasks can be trained collaboratively, allowing the model to compute strong context knowledge efficiently. The proposed KINet achieves the state-of-the-art performance on a large-scale action recognition benchmark Kinetics-400, with a top-1 accuracy of 77.8%. We further demonstrate that our KINet has strong capability by transferring the Kinetics-trained model to UCF-101, where it obtains 97.8% top-1 accuracy.
FACT: Fused Attention for Clothing Transfer with Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Zhang Yicheng , Li Lei , Song Li , Xie Rong , Zhang Wenjun
Published: June 2020

Clothing transfer is a challenging task in computer vision where the goal is to transfer the human clothing style in an input image conditioned on a given language description. However, existing approaches have limited ability in delicate colorization and texture synthesis with a conventional fully convolutional generator. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel semantic-based Fused Attention model for Clothing Transfer (FACT), which allows fine-grained synthesis, high global consistency and plausible hallucination in images. Towards this end, we incorporate two attention modules based on spatial levels: (i) soft attention that searches for the most related positions in sentences, and (ii) self-attention modeling long-range dependencies on feature maps. Furthermore, we also develop a stylized channel-wise attention module to capture correlations on feature levels. We effectively fuse these attention modules in the generator and achieve better performances than the state-of-the-art method on the DeepFashion dataset. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons against the baselines demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.