bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of adherence to vaccination of young mothers and medical university students
Authors:   Smolensk State Medical University, Shevchenko S. S. , Tikhonova N. K. ,   Smolensk State Medical University
Published: January 2023

Vaccination is a proven tool for fighting infectious diseases. With the development of the pandemic, the relevance of vaccination prevention has significantly increased, and therefore the importance of considering aspects of vaccination among various population groups has increased. Of particular importance is the commitment to vaccination of medical university students, as future doctors on the one hand, and young mothers on the other. P u r p o s e – identification of the peculiarities of adherence to vaccination of students of a separate medical university and young mothers of a certain territory to optimize the popularization of vaccination prevention. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . A comparative study of vaccination adherence of 167 medical university students (average age 22,3±0,79 years) and 200 mothers aged 19 to 30 years (average age 23,5±5,1 years) living in Smolensk was planned and conducted. In the course of the study, statistical, analytical methods, and open online questionnaires were used. R e s a l t s . The analysis of the results of the survey of young mothers and medical students indicates a generally positive attitude towards vaccination, the importance of which is understood by more than half of the respondents. Respondents of both groups are actively interested in the topic of vaccination prevention and would like to receive more information on this issue. The main source of information about vaccination in both young mothers and medical students are medical professionals. The majority of respondents of both sexes will vaccinate their children within the framework of the National Calendar of Preventive Vaccinations. F i n d i n g s . It is necessary to strengthen the formation of commitment to vaccine prevention among medical students and young mothers. This can be done by making changes in the educational structure; conducting webinars, seminars, conferences on immunoprophylaxis; development of informational materials for the population on vaccine prevention in the form of models, posters with the participation of students. It will be advisable to involve volunteers – medical students to speak to parents and peers on vaccination, as well as strengthening health education work among the population and talking to parents about the possible consequences of lack of vaccination.
Implementation of the Honeypot Method in Form Input Security Against Sql-Injection Attacks
Authors: Putra Adam , Eviyanti Ade
Published: January 2023

At this time the internet is something that can not be separated in the life of modern society. For this reason, fast, safe and reliable internet is very important. To achieve this on the internet there are various kinds of technology that make it very influential in our lives. In the scope of security for safe and smooth internet web surfing, we need security, especially in the excess part of the website. One way to do this is to commit website crimes, namely Sql Injection. Sql injection is a hacking action that is carried out in the client application by modifying the SQL commands that are in the client application memory. SQL Injection is a technique for exploiting web applications, commands can be entered as desired by the user even though the user is not authorized to do so. The damage done by the user that can lead to fatal consequences can be done by using SQL injection. One of the methods used to prevent website security attacks is Honeypot. Honeypot is a system or computer that is deliberately used as bait to become a target for attacks from attackers.
Menores influencers y la importancia de una alfabetización mediática crítica
Authors: Digón Regueiro Patricia , Castro Rodríguez María Montserrat , Rodríguez Guimerans Ana
Published: January 2023

Los canales de menores Youtubers han proliferado en los últimos años, siendo unos productos audiovisuales muy populares con un apabullante número de seguidores, la gran mayoría también menores. Estos canales forman parte de la cultura infantil y juegan un papel relevante en el día a día de muchas niñas y niños. Así quedó reflejado en una de las fases del proyecto Infanci@ Digit@l (RTI 2018-093397-B-100), con menciones al interés que suscitaban, entre el público Infantil, canales como Las Ratitas. Estos resultados motivaron el estudio que se presenta con una doble finalidad: la creación de un modelo de análisis, basado en estudios realizados sobre el fenómeno de los menores influencers y en las dimensiones e indicadores de la competencia mediática; y el análisis de una muestra de vídeos en el canal de Las Ratitas a partir de una metodología de análisis de contenido deductiva y cualitativa. Entre los resultados se puede destacar el papel de estas niñas influencers como patrocinadores de marcas; el personaje de ficción sobreactuado que representan, a la vez que persiguen la naturalidad, cercanía e intimidad; y la transmisión contradictoria de valores y contravalores que muestran un mundo feliz acorde con un capitalismo depredador e injusto.
Grain size and mineral variability of glacial marine sediments
Authors: Andrews John T. , Roth Wendy J. , Jennings Anne E.
Published: January 2023

Glacial marine sediment deposition varies both spatially and temporally, but nearly all studies evaluate down-core (∼ time) variations in sediment variables with little consideration for across core variability, or even the consistency of a data set over distance scales of 1 to 1000 m. Grain size and quantitative X-ray diffraction (qXRD) methods require only ≤ 1 g of sediment and thus analyses assume that the identification of coarse sand (i.e., ice-rafted debris) and sediment mineral composition are representative of the depth intervals. This assumption was tested for grain size and mineral weight % on core MD99-2317, off East Greenland. Samples were taken from two sections of the core that had contrasting coarse-sand content. A total of fourteen samples were taken consisting of seven (vertical) and two (horizontal) samples, with five replicates per sample for qXRD analyses and ∼ 10 to 20 replicates for grain size. They had an average dry weight of 10.5 ± 0.5 g and are compared with two previous sets of sediment samples that averaged 54.1 ± 18.9 g and 20.77 ± 5.8 g dry weight. The results indicated some significant differences between the pairs of samples for grain-size parameters (mean sortable silt, and median grain size) but little difference in the estimates of mineral weight percentages. Out of 84 paired mineral and grain-size comparisons only 17 were significantly different at p = < 0.05 in the post-hoc Scheffe test, all of which were linked to grain-size attributes.
A Method to Determine the Chain Pillar Width considering Coal Burst and Goaf Ignition Dual-Hazard Management
Authors: Zhang Shizhong , Fan Gangwei , Li Wenping , Zhang Dongsheng , Wang Xuyang , Xie Wenwu , Zhang Wenhui , Han Xuesen
Published: January 2023

High rock stress and ground temperature pose great threats to the routine production of longwall top coal caving (LTCC) panels. In this risky condition, the width of the chain pillar is considered a factor adjustable for controlling coal burst and goaf ignition hazards. However, a contradiction, as suggested by longwall experience, is that narrowing the pillar helps coal burst prevention but negatively leads to higher self-ignition potentials, while widening the pillar restrains goaf ignition but increases the likelihood of coal burst. This paper conducted a case study on a longwall panel from Tangkou Mine, China. The paper first analysed stress, elastic strain energy, and goaf temperature variation with varying pillar widths, by which the coal burst risk index δr and goaf ignition risk index Qs were defined and correlated to pillar width D. Further, a pillar width determination method considering coal burst and goaf ignition dual-hazard management was developed by means of the operating point principle. By this method, a reasonable width range was defined by plotting both correlation curves δr=fD and Qs=gD on a chart, followed by optimal width determination according to the intersection of both curves and further verification via a field trial.
Genotype/Subgenotype Distribution of Hepatitis B Virus in Hemodialysis Centers from Gaza Strip, Palestine
Authors: ElOttol Abed elkader , Abdulla Mohammed , Sharif Fadel , Ashour Mohammed , Alashi Shadi , Altaher Akram , Khudier Diea , Abuzeid Nadir
Published: January 2023

Background: The human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is currently prevalent in 250 million people. Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has been associated with cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver failure, and overall mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus, its genotype, mutations, and antiviral resistance in hemodialysis centers from the Gaza Strip, Palestine.
Results: From the 273 HD patients participating in the study from the four HD centers in Gaza Strip, HBcAb was detected in 19 patients (6.96%), where HBsAg was detected in 12 patients (4.4%). HBV DNA was detected in 17 of the 19 positive HBcAb patients (89.47%); sequencing of the positive DNA by Sanger methods for the partial polymerase gene of HBV shows that genotype D is the only detected genotype where subgenotype D1 is the common (82.35%) followed by D2 (17.65%); Detection of reverse transcriptase antiviral resistance was done for the nucleotide analog (NUCs) Lamivudine, Adefovir, Entecavir, Tenofovir, and Telbivudine and all cases were sensitive to the mentioned antiviral. Neighbor-joining tree analysis was used to construct a phylogenetic tree with 130 reference strains with genotype D retrieved from GenBank. HBsAg positive patients had ALT and AST mean values higher than negative patients with a highly statistically significant relationship (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Genotype D HBV is common in HD with emphasis on the significance of identifying genotype, mutation, and antiviral resistance among isolated positive samples because these elements are crucial to the progression of the illness, its severity, chronicity, and treatment response.
Population structure and selection signatures over generations in the composite Montana tropical ®
Authors: Santos Camila Alves , Paim Tiago do Prado , Ferraz José Bento Sterman , Espigolan Rafael , Oliveira Elisangela Chicaroni de Mattos , Giacomini Gabriela , Eler Joanir Pereira
Published: January 2023

Knowledge of population structure and breed composition is important for managing breed information within a breeding program. Composite Montana Tropical® was developed by crossing animals of four different biological types or racial groups. By using genomic data it is possible to conduct several studies of population structure and selection signatures. Pedigree and genotype data (51962 SNP) from 3215 Montana Tropical® animals were used to (1) predict the composition of biological groups in the pedigree and how this composition relates to generations within the composite breed; (2) characterize the distribution of runs of homozygosity (ROH) in relation to generations within the composite breed; (3) estimate and compare the inbreeding coefficient (F) based on information from genomic markers (FROH) and pedigree (FPED); (4) identify genomic regions of islands of ROH; and (5) identify related traits in each significant genomic region under selection. The population structure (PCA and ADMIXTURE) was not related to the racial composition of the pedigree and has a strong relationship with the number of generations within the breed. There was an increase in FROH as the number of equivalent generations increased. Estimates of FROH in the Montana Tropical® population also showed that from the equivalent generation five onwards, there was a reduced number of animals with FROH equal to zero. It is believed that using PCA results in a breed’s genetic improvement program to correct for population structure is an interesting alternative to replace the correction by NABC proportions based on pedigree. The population study showed selection signatures in regions of chromosomes 4, 6, 20 and 26. The frequency with which markers in homozygosity were observed increased with the generations within the breed, demonstrating that it is really a selection process that is occurring after the formation of the composite population. Most of these selection signature regions present carcass quality QTLs demonstrating that the objective of developing a breed of cattle for pasture production systems is being achieved at the genomic level over the generations of the breed.
Study on centroid type-reduction of general type-2 fuzzy logic systems with sensible beginning weighted enhanced Karnik-Mendel algorithms
Authors: Chen Yang
Published: January 2023

General type-2 fuzzy logic systems have received wide concerns in current academic subject. Type-reduction is the kernel module for the systems. This paper shows the interpretations for the beginning of Karnik-Mendel (KM) algorithms. According to the famous numerical integration technique, the weighting approaches of enhanced Karnik-Mendel (EKM) algorithms are put forward. Then the sensible beginning weighted enhanced Karnik-Mendel (SBWEKM) algorithms are put forward to perform the centroid type-reduction. Compared with the EKM algorithms, WEKM algorithms and SBEKM algorithms, this approach helps to improve both the absolute errors and convergence speeds as shown in four computer simulation experiments.
Solidification and heat-treatment conditions affecting the tensile properties and fracture feature of an automotive AlSiMg alloy
Authors: Barbosa Carolina , Azevedo Hugo , Costa Sharlane , Ribeiro João , Carlos José , Costa Thiago , Rocha Otávio
Published: January 2023

In this work, a study on the interrelationship between the solidification and heat-treatment processes parameters with tensile properties and fracture feature was performed with an automotive AlSiMg alloy. For that, samples of the horizontally solidified Al7Si0.3Mg (wt.%) alloy were subjected to the T6-heat treatment as well as tensile tests were performed on both investigated samples, under conditions established from the literature. The solidification conditions such as growth and cooling rates and the secondary dendritic spacing (VL and TR and λ2, respectively) and their effects on the ultimate tensile strength (σUTS) and elongation (E%) were evaluated. It was observed higher σUTS values ​​in the heat-treated samples and finer microstructures have inherited a better E% performance. Analysis by SEM/EDS fractography on both samples showed a mix between brittle and ductile fractures, constituted by cleavage facets, secondary cracks, facets covered with micro-voids, tear ridges and dimples. It has allowed deducing on the occurrence of a transition from ductile to brittle fracture along the solidified ingot as well as the predominance of brittle fracture in the heat-treated samples.
Effects of bioactive compound, Ginsenoside Rb1 on Burn Wounds Healing In Diabetic Rats: Influencing M1 To M2 Phenotypic Trans
Authors: Venkatesan Krishnaraju , Alghazwani Yahia , Sivadasan Durgaramani , Prabahar Kousalya , I.Asiri Yahya , Mohamed Jamal Moideen Muthu , Vasudevan Rajalakshimi , Khan Noohu Abdulla , Venkatesan Kumar , Paulsamy Premalatha , Krishnaraju Kalpana
Published: January 2023

Panax notoginseng (P.notoginseng) has been used traditionally to treat traumatic injuries.Ginsenoside Rb1, a key active ingredient derived from Panax notoginseng, has received a lot of interest due to its anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, and growth-promoting effectsoncells.The therapeutic benefits of ginsenoside Rb1 on burn wounds in STZ-induced diabetic rats, as well as the probable underlying processes, were investigated in this work. The skin wound healing effect of ginsenoside Rb1 (0.25% and 0.5% w/w) in a rat model of burn wounds in diabetic rats was observed at various time points after treatment. On days 5 and 19 following treatment,immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis forIL-1β, TNF-α, CD68 and CD163 of biological tissues were done. The macroscopic observation was used to track the healing of skin wounds at various periods. The protein expression of CD68 and CD163, which serve as M1 and M2 macrophage markers, was examined in detail. More notably, the ability of ginsenoside Rb1 to alter inflammatory markers (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10), influence on hydroxyproline and hexosamine was observed. As indicated by increased CD163 (M2) and reduced CD68 (M1) on day 5, ginsenoside Rb1 effectively flips the M1 to M2 phenotypic transition at the right time to improve burn wound healing in diabetic rats.Ginsenoside Rb1(0.5% w/w) treatment showed higher tensile strength, anti-inflammatory properties, antioxidant properties, increased tissue hexosamine and hydroxyproline levels. Skin tissue morphology was significantly improved following 19 days of ginsenoside Rb1 (0.5% w/w) therapy, according to hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. Furthermore,Ginsenoside Rb1 (0.5% w/w) favoured the inflammatory phase of burn wound healing (IL-6), assisted the proliferation process (IL-10) and had considerably lower expression of IL-1β and TNF-α on the later stage of wound healing.Overall, the data showed that ginsenoside Rb1(0.5% w/w) accelerates burn wound healing in diabetic rats through a mechanism that may be linked to the M1 to M2 phenotypic shift.
Lampreys underwent radical changes in ecology and morphology during the Jurassic era
Authors: Wu Feixiang , Janvier Philippe , Zhang Chi
Published: January 2023

Lampreys, the oldest living jawless vertebrates, represent an iconic model in evolutionary biology and are always intriguing for their bizarre feeding behavior of sucking blood or gouging out tissues from their victims. They seemingly underwent few changes in morphology and feeding habit since their first appearance in the Late Devonian. However, their evolutionary history is not so simple, as demonstrated by two superbly preserved large lampreys from the Middle-Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota of North China. These fossils present radical changes in the feeding apparatus, body size, and life-history strategy of their group during the Jurassic era and paved the way for the origin of living lampreys. Their extensively toothed feeding structures are radically different from the simply structured dentition of their unusually small-sized and probably non-predatory Palaeozoic relatives but surprisingly resemble the Southern Hemisphere pouched lamprey, which foreshadows an ancestral flesh-eating habit for modern lampreys. In the petromyzontiform timetree recalibrated on the basis of these stem lampreys, the evolutionary increase of lampreys’ body size accompanied the establishment of the modern-type three-phased life cycle, which was likely triggered by the concurrent evolutionary thinning of the body integument of their most significant piscine hosts in the Early Jurassic. Our study also places modern lampreys’ origin in the Southern Hemisphere of the Late Cretaceous, followed by an early Cenozoic anti-tropical disjunction in distribution, hence challenging the conventional wisdom of their biogeographical pattern arising from a recent origin in the Northern Hemisphere or the tectonic fragmentation of Pangean supercontinent as far back as 200 million years ago.
Global prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 reinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Joyeuse Ukwishaka , Yves Ndayishimiye , Esmeralda Destine , Celestin Danwang , Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou
Published: January 2023

Background
In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged with a high transmissibility rate and resulted in numerous negative impacts on global life. Preventive measures such as facial masks, social distancing, and vaccination helped control the pandemic. Nonetheless, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as Omega and Delta, as well as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reinfection, raise additional concerns. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the overall prevalence of reinfection on global and regional scales.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted across three databases, PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest Central, including all articles pertaining to COVID-19 reinfection without language restriction. After critical appraisal and qualitative synthesis of the identified relevant articles, a meta-analysis considering random effects was used to pool the studies.
Results
We included 52 studies conducted between 2019 and 2022, with a total sample size of 3,623,655 patients. The overall prevalence of COVID-19 reinfection was 4.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.7–4.8%; n = 52), with high heterogeneity between studies. Africa had the highest prevalence of 4.7% (95% CI: 1.9–7.5%; n = 3), whereas Oceania and America had lower estimates of 0.3% (95% CI: 0.2–0.4%; n = 1) and 1% (95% CI: 0.8–1.3%; n = 7), respectively. The prevalence of reinfection in Europe and Asia was 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8–1.5%; n = 8) and 3.8% (95% CI: 3.4–4.3%; n = 43), respectively. Studies that used a combined type of specimen had the highest prevalence of 7.6% (95% CI: 5.8–9.5%; n = 15) compared with those that used oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal swabs only that had lower estimates of 6.7% (95% CI: 4.8–8.5%; n = 8), and 3.4% (95% CI: 2.8–4.0%; n = 12) respectively.
Conclusion
COVID-19 reinfection occurs with varying prevalence worldwide, with the highest occurring in Africa. Therefore, preventive measures, including vaccination, should be emphasized to ensure control of the pandemic.
Identification of Potential Prognostic Value of Clock-related LncRNA with Immune Implications in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shen Yizhong , Zhuang Jinman , Li Ronghui , Li Xiuting , Huang Lindan , Zhang Hanyu , Hu Zhijian , Kang Mingqiang , He Fei
Published: January 2023

Objective
Our aim is to construct a prognostic model of clock-related lncRNAs for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and evaluate its relationship with tumor immune microenvironment.
Methods
The data of 944 NSCLC cases were screened and obtained from the TCGA database. Circadian rhythm-related Gene Set (consisting of 70 clock-related genes) was identified using the GSEA website. Clock-related lncRNAs were obtained by co-expression analysis. The abundance of immune cell infiltrates in NSCLC patients was calculated using CIBERSORT. Clock-related lncRNAs risk scores were calculated via the Least Absolute shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) penalized Cox regression analysis. Then we divided the 944 NSCLC cases into training set (473 cases) and validation set (471 cases) based on the median risk score. The independence risk factors for clinical pathological parameters and risk score were analyzed using the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. We also explored the relationship between risk score and immune cell infiltration in NSCLC cases.
Results
A total of 12 clock-related lncRNAs were selected from the training set to calculate the risk score. Patients in the high-risk group had poor prognosis than patients in the low-risk group, which were both validated in the training set and validation set (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) of risk score was 0.763 and 0.624, respectively. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that T stage, N stage, age, and clock-related lncRNAs risk score were independent risk factors for prognosis of patients with NSCLC. B Cell naive and Mast cells resting showed high invasion abundance in the low-risk groups (P < 0.01), while Macrophages M0, Macrophages M1 and Neutrophils cells showed high infiltration abundance in the high-risk groups (P < 0.01).
Conclusions
In conclusion, the risk score of 12 clock-related lncRNAs was identified as a prognostic biomarker for patients with NSCLC, and was significantly associated with the regulation of immune cell subtypes.
Learning through connections: Clinical participation and interpersonal relationships in longitudinal integrated clerkships and traditional block rotations in Taiwan
Authors: Chan Po-Kai , Wang Yung-Chih , Huang Shih-Chung , Chang Yaw-Wen
Published: January 2023

Background: Longitudinal integrated clerkships (LICs) and traditional block rotations (TBRs) employ different designs that provide various learning experiences for students. In this study, we explored students’ clinical participation and interpersonal interactions in LICs and TBRs at 2 metropolitan hospitals in Taiwan.
Methods: In April 2018, we enrolled 15 LIC and 29 TBR students. We conducted a cross-sectional survey which required the students to outline a typical daily schedule during their internal medicine rotations and draw an ecomap of the clinical team members. With the patient in the center as a reference, the size of each circle in an ecomap indicated the importance of the member; the distances and number of connecting lines between two circles represented the relationship and frequency of interaction, respectively, between the corresponding members. We analyzed the results and compared the responses of the LIC and TBR students.
Results: The LIC students spent more time on direct patient care and in the outpatient clinic/operation room, whereas the TBR students participated more in educational activities and in observation behind their seniors. In the ecomap analysis, the LIC students had a closer relationship with attending physicians and had better interactions with patients and preceptors than did the TBR students. Conversely, the TBR students felt closer to and interacted more frequently with interns and residents.
Conclusions: The LIC students had more opportunities to care for patients directly and engaged in interactions with patients and attending physicians more frequently than did the TBR students.
Trial registration: Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGHIRB 2–106–05-018)
Electron Blocking Layer Architecture to enhance the hole injection in the active region for 215 nm Ultra-violet Light Emitting Diode (UVC-LED)
Authors: Hussain Hadba , Alrubaian Renad Ali , Almogbel Abdullah , Alharbi Abdullah
Published: January 2023

This work engineered the p-Electron Blocking Layer (p-EBL) of the AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet (UVC) light-emitting diode (LED) to achieve a high Radiative Recombination Rate (RRR). Carrier concentration can be efficiently injected into the active region by inserting an undoped thin AlGaN layer between the doped p-AlGaN layer as a superlattice. Compared with the UVC-LED with the bulk p-AlGaN EBL, the superlattice LED improves the optical power, holes and electrons concentration, and RRR.
Exosomal miR-216a-5p targeting TLR-4 alleviates liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating M2 macrophage polarization and neutrophil inflammation
Authors: Liu Long , Huang Yuxi , Wang Qi , Zhao Xiaohong , Feng Yu-yi , Fang Zheping , Qiao Yingli , Li Shao-Wei
Published: January 2023

Macrophages and neutrophil play a key role in the initiation and recovery of liver ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) through transitions in the phenotype and induces inflammation, However, the mechanisms governing these damages have yet to be fully elucidated. Exosomes have emerged as an important mediator of cellular crosstalk in various physiological and pathological processes. This study explored the role of exosomal miRNA in macrophage polarization and liver IRI. Through high-throughput sequencing of small RNAs in exosomes, we identified the negative regulator miR-216a-5p in liver IRI. Mechanistically, miR-216a-5p skewed M2 macrophage polarization and inhibited neutrophil infiltration by targeting TLR4. In conclusion, we demonstrated that exosome-derived miR-216a-5p favors an anti-inflammatory environment by promoting the M2 polarization of macrophages and inhibiting the neutrophil inflammatory response by targeting the TLR4/NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, revealing the endogenous protective mechanism in liver IRI.
Inter-arm blood pressure difference in post-stroke patients with hemiparesis
Authors: PENG Hai-ping , TAO Liang , TANG Min , Su Hai
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to Tinvestigate that inter-arm blood pressure (BP) difference (IAD) in post-stroke patients with hemiparesis. This study enrolled 420 post-stroke patients with hemiparesis. Simultaneous bilateral arm BP was measured with two automatic BP devices, and the systolic BP difference ≥ 10 mm Hg was recorded as sIAD. The arm with higher systolic BP (SBP) was assigned as the reference arm. Our results showed that the prevalence of sIAD was 18.1% in the total group. The paretic arms had similar mean SBP levels (133.6 ± 18.4 vs 133.8 ± 18.4 mm Hg, NS) and DBP (77.8 ± 11.5 vs 77.2 ± 10.9 mm Hg, NS) as compared with the unaffected arms. The detection rate of hypertension on the SBP values of the reference arm was higher than that on the unaffected arm (41.8% vs 36.3). In is convoluted that the prevalence of sIAD ≥ 10 mmH was 18.1% and that for dIAD ≥ 10 mmH was 9% in the post-stroke patients with hemiparesis, thus, bilateral arm BP measurement is encouraged for evaluating IAD and decreasing the miss diagnosis of hypertension.
Long-Term Individual Trip Pattern Prediction of Bus Passengers Using Smart Card Data: A Bayesian Method Based on Feature Selection
Authors: Li Dawei , Dai Qi , Zhang Tong , Shi Xiaomeng
Published: January 2023

Travel demands of bus passengers tend to be diversified and personalized, for targeted demand management and dynamic system operations, it is important to predict individual trip patterns. Smart card records can be combined with other data to infer the future trip patterns of passengers. This provides an effective method to study individual travel behavior in the field of public transportation. This paper proposes a methodology for predicting the travel patterns of individual bus passengers, including the prediction of trip start time and trip start station. Based on a passenger segmentation model, passengers with more frequent and regular bus trips are extracted first. Then combined with the information provided by date attributes and weather data, the most relevant influencing feature of the individual traveler's trip on the day are selected as the prediction feature. Afterwards, we use bayesian models to predict the individual traveler's future trip start time and station. The proposed methodology is tested using the long-term observation of smart card data from 1000 users of bus system in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province over one year. Our prediction achieves median accuracy levels over 65% and 70% for trip start time t and trip start station s. The proposed model can be easily applied to transport demand management. It can also be used for the design and optimization of customized public transport systems. In this way not only will bus passengers be better served, but the overall level of traffic control and management in the city will also be effectively improved.
Directed regulation mechanism on chlorine substitution of PCDD/Fs isomers based on quantum chemical computation
Authors: Hou Meiling , Zhang WenJie , Hu Jun , Wang Xinlei , Wang Jinxing , Cen Wanglai
Published: January 2023

Chlorine substitution has been considered as one of the key steps of polychlorinated dibenzodioxin/furan (PCDD/Fs) generation. The introduction of oxygen carriers (OCs), especially in chemical looping combustion (CLC), provides the platform of directed regulation for the chlorine substitution process. 12378-PCDD, which is the product of a one-step chlorine substitution for toxic 2378-PCDD, has been selected as the calculation case, and the regulation mechanisms on the inter-isomeric conversion of 12378-PCDD were identified by calculating the energy barrier and action angle. It was found that the chlorine substitution of 12378-PCDD, particularly in 4# position, 9# position and 6# position, emerged a tendency to increase the difficulty in turn, which conforms to the principle of distal preference. Besides, the influence from CaO adsorption on the crystalline surface of the iron-based oxygen carrier(OC) has been analyzed and it was verified that CaO adsorption can significantly increase the energy barrier for the chlorine substitution of 12378-PCDD. Meanwhile, the adsorption of CaO can not only change the action angle between the 12378-PCDD molecule and the lattice surface, but also can modulate the energy barrier order of chlorine substitution among PCDD isomers. In addition, the loading component modulation was carried out to further confirm the feasibility of modulating the chloride substitution pathway, which proved the influence degree of loading component. And accordingly, the stretching analysis of the inactive component provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent study of the directional regulation of the PCDDs isomer generation pathway. Finally, the chlorine substitution rules and directed regulation mechanisms of PCDD/Fs isomers were obtained, which provides a modification direction for the structural components of OCs.
Prader-Willi syndrome complicated with nephrotic syndrome and acute kidney injury: a case report
Authors: Wang Tingli , Bi Siwei , Mi Xuhua
Published: January 2023

Background:Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisystem disorder caused by aberrant genomics which silences genes in the 15q11-q13 region. It is characterized by multiple cognitive, behavioral, and endocrine abnormalities.Case presentation:We present a case of a 28-year-old male patient diagnosed with PWS with diabetes mellitus, nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria > 3.5 g/24 h) and acute kidney injury who eventually entered end-stage renal disease and started dialysis. Through genetic diagnosis, we found that the patient had heterozygous deficiency in the chr15 deletion segment. The patient’s mother was heterozygous and the father was wild-type, suggesting that the 4.86 Mb deletion in the 15q11.2-q13.1 segment of the patient was a paternal chromosomal deletion.Conclusion:PWS has various clinical manifestations and a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis, long-term follow-up, and in-time treatment could improve the quality of life and prognosis of PWS patients.
Label-free incoherent super-resolution optical microscopy
Authors: Jayakumar Nikhil , Dullo Firehun , Tinguely Jean-Claude , Sagini Krizia , Llorente Alicia , Ahluwalia Balpreet Singh
Published: January 2023

The photo-kinetics of fluorescent molecules has enabled the circumvention of far-field optical diffraction-limit. Despite its enormous potential, the necessity to label the sample may adversely influence the delicate biology under investigation. Thus, continued development efforts are needed to surpass the far-field label-free diffraction barrier. The coherence of the detected light in label-free mode hinders the application of existing super-resolution methods based on incoherent fluorescence imaging. In this article, we present the physics and propose a methodology to circumvent this challenge by exploiting the photoluminescence of silicon nitride waveguides for near-field illumination of unlabeled samples. The technique is abbreviated EPSLON, Evanescently decaying Photoluminescence Scattering enables Label-free Optical Nanoscopy. We demonstrate that such an illumination has properties that mimics the photo-kinetics of nano-sized fluorescent molecules. This allows to develop a label-free incoherent system that is linear in intensity, and stable with time thereby permitting the application of techniques like structured illumination microscopy (SIM) and intensity-fluctuation based optical nanoscopy (IFON) in label-free mode to circumvent the diffraction limit. We experimentally demonstrate label-free super-resolution imaging of nanobeads (polystyrene and gold), extra-cellular vesicles and human placenta tissue. We believe EPSLON is a step forward within the nascent field of label-free super-resolution microscopy that holds the key to investigate delicate biological systems in its natural state without the need for exogenous labels.
Is probiotic (Streptococcus Salivarius K12) useful in Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis syndrome?
Authors: Mobini Niloofar Khorsand , Ahanchian Hamid , Malek Abdolreza , Khadem-Rezaiyan Majid , Pourbadakhshan Nafiseh
Published: January 2023

Background: The most common periodic fever syndrome in children is Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis (PFAPA). This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the probiotic Streptococcus Salivarius K12 in patients with PFAPA.
Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial included PFAPA patients divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group, along with the conventional treatments, received Lactogum containing Probiotic Streptococcus Salivarius K12 for four months. The control group, however, received conventional treatments, including acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (prednisolone), along with a placebo.
Results: This study investigated 40 PFAPA patients. The mean ages of the patients in the control and intervention groups were 6.94±2.21 and 5.71±2.59 years, respectively. In the first month, the mean number of days suffering from fever was fewer in the intervention group, compared to the control group. Moreover, the mean number of pharyngitis days in the first and second months was fewer in the intervention group than other group.There was also a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of corticosteroid use in the fourth month after the onset of probiotic treatment (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that, the use of probiotics (Streptococcus Salivarius K12) could be effective in reducing the symptoms of PFAPA syndrome, as well as the consumption of corticosteroids
Name of the registry: The Use of Streptococcus salivarius K12 in treatment of Periodic fever with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis (PFAPA) Syndrome
Date of registration: 31/08/2021
Trial registration: IRCT20210911052436N1).
URL: https://www.irct.ir/trial/58774
Diagnostic accuracy of customized foetal growth charts in the detection of adverse perinatal outcome of term small for gestational age foetuses
Authors: Tipiani-Rodríguez Oswaldo , Bocanegra-Becerra Yuliana , Huarag-Chavarri Christopher , Figueroa-Morales Kristtel , Ponciano-Biaggi Miguel
Published: January 2023

Purpose
To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Peruvian customized foetal growth charts in the detection of adverse perinatal outcome (APO) in term small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses.
Methods
This was an observational, cross-sectional, case‒control study, with 555 pregnant women treated at a hospital in Lima, Peru, whose foetal weights were evaluated by Peruvian charts and growth standards of the World Health Organization (WHO), Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF), Hadlock and INTERGROWTH-21st Project (IG21).
Results
The prevalence of SGA using the Peruvian charts was 10.5%, and the OR was 9.9, with an effect size > 0.8. The PPV of the Peruvian char (52.5%) was higher than those of the Hadlock and FMF standards. The NPV (90%) was higher than that of the FMF standard. The LR + was 5.8, with strong evidence to confirm the diagnosis, but with an LR- = 0.6. The performance of the Peruvian charts in predicting APO was poor (AUC = 0.688), but they performed well in predicting an Apgar score < 7 at 5 minutes (AUC = 0.852), outperforming the WHO and FMF standards.
Conclusion
Peruvian customized charts more accurately estimated the prevalence of SGA and had a large effect size for the association between SGA and APO. The diagnostic metrics support the use of the Peruvian charts as a diagnostic and prognostic test in which the probability of APO is reduced when the diagnosis of SGA is excluded, and also as a test with a good ability to predict an Apgar score < 7 at 5 minutes.
EBV negative lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the thyroid gland: a rare entity and incidental presentation
Authors: Bendari Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Background: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a rare entity among thyroid tumors. Primary LELC of the thyroid was previously named as intrathyroidal epithelial thymoma and carcinoma showing thymus-like differentiation (CASTLE) and the association with EBV has been inconsistently detected. This paper presents fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings along with histologic features of LELC in a middle-aged female patient with incidental metastatic disease.
Case presentation:
A previously healthy 29-Year-old female who had an incidental palpable nodule in the right thyroid lobe on routine annual checkup. Thyroid U/S showed a 1.5 cm hypoechoic solid nodule with ill-defined margins. FNAC revealed papillary architecture and a few psammoma bodies on the background of dense lymphocytic infiltration. Thyroseq genomic sequencing revealed gene expression alterations with no gene mutation. The patient went for total thyroidectomy and right lymph node level 4 resection. The histologic slides of the nodule revealed solid arborizing bands of oval to spindled cells, associated with lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and scattered psammoma bodies on the background of lymphocytic thyroiditis. There were no classic patterns of papillary or any aggressive features. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for TTF1, PAX-8, and P40. In situ hybridization for EBV-encoded RNA was negative in the tumor cells. The patient has no tumor recurrence on 6-month follow up.
Conclusion: Because LELC is very rare in the thyroid gland, careful clinical examination along with IHC stainings specific for thyroid follicular cells can help in proving its thyroid origin. Additionally, we hope to raise the awareness for this peculiar variant for accurate clinicopathological diagnosis.
DeepSHARQ: Hybrid Error Coding using Deep Learning
Authors: Pereira Pablo Gil , Vogelgesang Kai , Miodek Moritz , Schmidt Andreas , Herfet Thorsten
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Cyber-Physical Systems operate under changing environments and on resource-constrained devices. Communication in these environments must use hybrid error coding, as pure pro- or reactiveschemes cannot always fulfill application demands or have suboptimal performance. However, findingoptimal coding configurations that fulfill application constraints—e.g., tolerate loss and delay—underchanging channel conditions is a computationally challenging task.
Methods: Recently, the systems community has started addressing these sorts of problems usinghybrid decomposed solutions, i.e., algorithmic approaches for well-understood formalized parts ofthe problem and learning-based approaches for parts that must be estimated (either for reasons ofuncertainty or computational intractability). For DeepSHARQ, we revisit our own recent work andlimit the learning problem to block length prediction, the major contributor to inference time (andits variation) when searching for hybrid error coding configurations. The remaining parameters arefound algorithmically, and hence we make individual contributions with respect to finding close-to-optimal coding configurations in both of these areas—combining them into a hybrid solution.
Results: DeepSHARQ applies block length regularization in order to reduce the neural networksin comparison to purely learning-based solutions. The hybrid solution is nearly optimal concerningthe channel efficiency of coding configurations it generates, as it is trained so deviations from theoptimum are upper-bound by a configurable percentage. Additionally, DeepSHARQ is capable ofreacting to channel changes in real-time, thereby enabling Cyber-Physical Systems even on resource-constrained platforms.
Conclusion: Tightly integrating algorithmic and learning-based approaches allows DeepSHARQ toreact to channel changes faster and with a more predictable time than solutions that rely only oneither of the two approaches.
Effects of Intraoperative Fluid Balance During Pancreatoduodenectomy on Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Le , Zhang Yuelun , Shen Le
Published: January 2023

Background:Perioperative fluid management during major abdominal surgery has been controversial. Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a critical complication of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). We conducted a retrospective cohort study to analyze the impact of intraoperative fluid balance on the development of POPFMethods:This retrospective cohort study enrolled 567 patients who underwent open pancreaticoduodenectomy, and the demographic, laboratory, and medical data were recorded. All patients were categorized into four groups according to quartiles of intraoperative fluid balance. Multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCSs) were used to analyze the relationship between intraoperative fluid balance and POPF.Results:The intraoperative fluid balance of all patients ranged from -8.47 to 13.56 mL/kg/h. A total of 108 patients reported POPF, and the incidence was 19.0%. After adjusting for potential confounders and using restricted cubic splines, the dose‒response relationship between intraoperative fluid balance and POPF was found to be statistically insignificant. The incidences of bile leakage, postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, and delayed gastric emptying were 4.4%, 20.8%, and 14.8%, respectively. Intraoperative fluid balance was not associated with these abdominal complications. BMI≥25kg/m2, preoperative blood glucose<6 mmol/L, long surgery time, and lesions not located in the pancreas were independent risk factors for POPF.Conclusion:The study did not find a significant association between intraoperative fluid balance and POPF. Well-designed multicenter studies are necessary to explore the association between intraoperative fluid balance and POPF.
Analysis of influence mechanism of grinding on the gel properties of soybean protein isolate based on the changes of its structure and solubility
Authors: Liu Yue , Dai Yangyong , Cao Jian , Hou Hanxue , Wang Wentao , Zhang Hui , Ding Xiuzhen , Li Cheng
Published: January 2023

The compact spherical structure of soy protein isolate results in low protein flexibility and poor functional properties. In this study, the influence mechanism of grinding on its gel properties was analyzed according to the changes of soy protein isolate structure and solubility after grinding. The results indicated that at 15 min of grinding, β-sheet of the soy protein isolate decreased from 38.54% to 29.15%, the particle size became smaller, and the original solid sphere became a hollow sphere, the protein had a more disordered secondary structure, and the solubility increased to 28.24%. The glucono-δ-lactone-induced cold-set gel of this protein exhibited higher water holding capacity (76.37%), storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″). Creep recovery test showed that this gel had better elasticity and rigid structure at 15 min of grinding. This study could lay a theoretical foundation for research on improving the gel properties of soy protein isolate by mechanical modification in future.