bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management power of renewable energy in multiple sources system to feeding the rotor of a doubly-fed induction generator
Authors: Mohammed Kendzi , Abdelghani Aissaoui , Dris Younes , Abdesselam Bouiri , Mabrouk Haddar
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper is the elimination of interruptions of electrical energy produced by a multi-source production system, so we have assured the feed of DFIG rotor in a wind system by different energy sources (photovoltaic generator, battery group) and switchover between them by auxiliary contacts controlled by a supervisor via a power control algorithm. For the photovoltaic generator, a controller for tracking the maximum power point is designed using direct search approach perturb observe method. For the battery group, the installation of a number of the capacitor battery elements in series and in parallel will be kept the power necessary to supply the DFIG rotor. For the wind system, it contains the power generated by DFIG is controlled by sliding mode system. With regard to switching between electrical energy sources, our proposed system relies on an algorithm to compare the energies produced by each generator with the energy required to feed the DFIG rotor and the energies consumed in the system, where the energy source with high production energy and available is exploited to feed the system and charge the batteries. Simulations were performed to confirm the reliability and efficacy of the system proposed.
An optimal motion path planning control of a robotic manipulator based on the hybrid PI-sliding mode controller
Authors: Abdul-Lateef Wisam Essmat , Alothman Yaser Nabeel Ibrahem , Gitaffa Sabah Abdul-Hassan
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes a hybrid proportional-integral (PI-sliding) mode controller to improve and adjust the point-to-point path planning of a three-link robotic arm with three degrees of freedom. The main objectives of the proposed control unit are to control the tracking process to reach the desired path handle the outgoing vibrations, and dampen them in the links of the robotic arm during its movement to ensure accuracy in completing the work. Seventh-degree polynomial paths represented the segments of locomotion connecting the first, middle, and last points at the combined space through predefined route points via minimal travel time. While not exceeding a predetermined maximum torque, without hitting any obstacle in the robot's workspace. The results showed that the proposed control design provides a robust control performance and fast response corresponding with conventional sliding mode controller (SMC) and PI controller. Then the outcomes provide the best results for the demanded mission according to the whished intakes with minimal error. The system equations are solved using the techniques available in MATLAB software then the results of the model are validated by the results of simulations.
Using sensorless direct torque with fuzzy proportional-integral controller to control three phase induction motor
Authors: Alothman Yaser Nabeel Ibrahem , Abdul-Lateef Wisam Essmat , Gitaffa Sabah Abdul-Hassan
Published: December 2022

Induction motors (IM) attracted many researchers in the last few decades. In this field, various applications are implemented, such as servo motor drives and electric vehicles. This work applies a sensorless direct torque controller (DTC) to control a three-phase IM. System dynamics of the IM were derived. A nonlinear dynamic model had introduced with white noise. Given the complexity of the dynamics, the Jacobean Linearization technique has been used to obtain the linear model for a control task. A DTC technique is employed to control the motor speed of the system with a combination of two controllers. The fuzzy proportional-integral (PI) controllers are applied to obtain the reference torque based on an optimization process against the speed error raise. The optimizer is called grey wolf optimizer (GWO) and is implemented to achieve the centre values of the two output memberships for the fuzzy PI controllers. Then the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used to evaluate the direct and quadratic components of the rotor flux and rotor speed from the observation of stator voltages and currents. The system is tested employing MATLAB simulation software and determines the targeted results. The outcomes are evaluated to improve the control performance.
Evaluation of Bernoulli Naive Bayes model for detection of distributed denial of service attacks
Authors: Salau Ayodeji Olalekan , Assegie Tsehay Admassu , Akindadelo Adedeji Tomide , Eneh Joy Nnenna
Published: December 2022

Distributed denial of service is a form of cyber-attack that involves sending several network traffic to a target system such as DHCP, domain name server (DNS), and HTTP server. The attack aims to exhaust computing resources such as memory and the processor of a target system by blocking the legitimate users from getting access to the service provided by the server. Network intrusion prevention ensures the security of a network and protects the server from such attacks. Thus, this paper presents a predicitive model that identifies distributed denial of service attacks (DDSA) using Bernoulli-Naive Bayes. The developed model is evaluated on the publicly available Kaggle dataset. The method is tested with a confusion matrix, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, and accuracy to measure its performance. The experimental results show an 85.99% accuracy in detecting DDSA with the proposed method. Hence, Bernoulli-Naive Bayes-based method was found to be effective and significant for the protection of network servers from malicious attacks.
Real-time multiple face mask and fever detection using YOLOv3 and TensorFlow lite platforms
Authors: Abed Ali A. , Al-Ibadi Alaa , Abed Issa Ahmed
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 has caused disruptions to many aspects of everyday life. To reduce the impact of this pandemic, its spreading must be controlled via face mask wearing. Manually mask-checking for everybody is embarrassing and uncontrollable. Hence, the proposed technique is used to help for automatic mask-checking based on deep learning platforms with real-time surveillance live infra-red (IR) camera. In this paper, two recent object detection platforms, named, you only look once version 3 (YOLOv3) and TensorFlow lite are adopted to accomplish this task. The two models are trained with a dataset consisting of images of persons with/without masks. This work is simulated with Google Colab then tested in real-time on an embedded device mated with fast GPU called Raspberry Pi 4 model B, 8 GB RAM. A comparison is made between the two models to verify their performance in relation to their precision rate and processing time. The work of this paper is also succeeded to realize multiple face masks real-time detection up to 10 facemasks in a single scene with high inference speed. Temperature is also measured using IR touchless sensor for each person with sound alarming to alert fever. The presented detector is cheap, light, small, and fast, with 99% accuracy rate during training and testing.
Healthcare monitoring system for automatic database management using mobile application in IoT environment
Authors: Saleh Shawki , Cherradi Bouchaib , El Gannour Oussama , Gouiza Nissrine , Bouattane Omar
Published: December 2022

In the last decade, healthcare systems have played an effective role in improving medical services by monitoring and diagnosing patients' health remotely. These systems, either in hospitals or in other health centers, have experienced significant growth with emerging technologies. They are becoming of great interest to many countries worldwide nowadays. Portable healthcare monitoring systems (HMS) depend on internet of things (IoT) technology due to its effectiveness and reliability in several sectors, as well as in the sector of telemedicine. This paper proposes a portable healthcare system in an IoT environment controllable via a smartphone application that aims to facilitate utilization. This proposed system can track physiological indicators of a patient's body as well as the environmental conditions where the patient lives in real-time and auto-manage databases. Moreover, this paper touched on a comparison between three servers, concerning data transfer speeds from the proposed system into the servers.
Dissolved oxygen control system in polishing unit using logic solver
Authors: Soehartanto Totok , Pratama I Putu Eka Widya , Mujiyanti Safira Firdaus , Fitriyanah Dwi Nur , Aisyah Putri Yeni , Pardosi Rico Pardona , Tjandra Nabiilah Azizah
Published: December 2022

The research consists of two parts, the first one is to design the dynamic plant model of polishing unit using artificial neural network (ANN) type backpropagation, and the second one is to design a simulation of a close loop control system on Simulink consisting of logic solver, control valve and ANN polishing unit. The ANN polishing unit was trained and obtained the best model structure 4-24-3 with four inputs chemical oxygen demand (COD) influent, oil in water (OIW) influent, urea, and triple superphosphate (TSP), twenty-four hidden layer nodes, and three outputs (OIW effluent, COD effluent and dissolved oxygen (DO)). The mean square error (MSE) and root mean square error (RMSE) from ANN trained were 0.00485 and 0.06964, obtained by the second iteration. From the simulation results on Simulink by giving several scenarios in the logic solver condition table, the action is brought in the form of urea and TSP nutrition issued by the control valve. The values are used to achieve the DO setpoint (2 mg/L), among others: when COD and OIW influent exceed the quality standard, COD exceeds the quality standard, and OIW does not exceed the quality standard, and the DO error is below zero.
Use of scanning devices for object 3D reconstruction by photogrammetry and visualization in virtual reality
Authors: Drofova Irena , Guo Wei , Wang Haozhou , Adamek Milan
Published: December 2022

This article aims to compare two different scanning devices (360 camera and digital single lens reflex (DSLR) camera) and their properties in the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the object by the photogrammetry method. The article first describes the various stages of the process of 3D modeling and reconstruction of the object. A point cloud generated to the 3D model of the object, including textures, is created in the following steps. The scanning devices are compared under the same conditions and time from capturing the image of a real object to its 3D reconstruction. The attributes of the scanned image of the recon-structed 3D model, which is a mandarin tree in a citrus greenhouse in a daylight environment, are also compared. Both created models are also compared visually. That visual comparison reveals the possibilities in the application of both scanning devices can be found in the process of 3D reconstruction of the object by photogrammetry. The results of this research can be applied in the field of 3D modeling of a real object using 3D models in virtual reality, 3D printing, 3D visualization, image analysis, and 3D online presentation.
Reduction of false negatives in multi-class sentiment analysis
Authors: Aloysius Chris , Selvan P. Tamil
Published: December 2022

Sentiment analysis classifications are done as positive, negative, as well as neutral ones. The increased usage of social media and its effects on society call for a more thorough, fine-grained explanation than that. In this study, classification is done in five classes-strongly positive, weakly positive, neutral, weakly negative, and strongly negative-in a more precise manner. Instead of using the typical ways of measuring accuracy alone, a novel method to eliminate false negatives (FN) is focused together with a fine-grained categorization. A bigger risk in sentiment analysis is a false negative. FN classification occurs when the context's polarity is identified as True when it is actually false. A complex dataset is used in this research for the experimental study, and the entire dataset is separated into five classes. Each class's FN are assessed using the suggested methodology. Comparing the proposed strategy to other, it was found to achieve about 53% more reduction in FN cases than rule based models and better predictions than compared machine learning models.
Da origem à criação: o aparecimento do sujeito como aquele que c@nta
Authors: Mamede Nayara Dias , Leite Claudia Aparecida de Oliveira
Published: December 2022

O sujeito se constitui na rede de significantes, construída diante dos afetos que circundam a sua relação com o Outro. Parte dessa afetação é promovida pela musicalidade que caracteriza a fala materna, que tanto promove simbolizações às enunciações do bebê como também embala o real de seu corpo nas ressonâncias da sua dimensão vocal. Fascínio que integra gozo e sentido, convocando-o à linguagem. Nessa perspectiva, o presente artigo remete a uma pesquisa qualitativa, condizente a uma revisão narrativa de literatura, que tem como principal objetivo compreender como as vocalizações do Outro influenciam a forma em que o sujeito conduz a sua fala, demonstrando que a entrada na linguagem acontece frente ao desejo do Outro e que, assim, o sujeito ao falar também goza, por incorporar tal desejo em sua prosódia.
Transmitir e aprender: dilemas do educar contemporâneo
Authors: Serra Lia Silva Fonteles
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo trata do discurso pedagógico contemporâneo apontando transformações nas noções de transmitir e aprender, as quais se deslocaram da dialética própria à relação educativa para uma dilemática que se caracteriza mais pela promoção de uma paralisia que pela fluidez do trabalho subjetivo de educar. O objetivo é demonstrar, a partir de uma peça do discurso pedagógico contemporâneo, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) brasileira, que tais transformações são efeito do discurso chamado por Lacan (1969) de capitalista, cujo funcionamento se pauta na não formação de laço e na justa adequação entre sujeito e objeto. Para essa demonstração, foram pinçados elementos que se articulam num deslize ao discurso do capitalista. Desse modo, concluiu-se que o discurso presente nesse texto acaba por promover a referida dilemática.
A semiosfera como paisagem biossimbólica na construção da memória na mídia
Authors: Nunes Mônica Rebecca Ferrari
Published: December 2022

Este artigo apresenta-se como texto-homenagem a Iúri Lotman especialmente no que tange ao desenvolvimento de suas ideias sobre a memória cultural. O artigo desenvolve alguns dos princípios estabelecidos por Lotman e Uspenskii sobre como a cultura pode ser considerada memória da coletividade relacionando-os à teoria dos memes proferida por Richard Dawkins. Espera-se demonstrar a construção da memória midiática em uma semiosfera biossimbólica enfatizando a informação jornalística.
Semiotização da história: A metalinguagem crítica de Ju. M. Lotman
Authors: Machado Irene de Araújo
Published: December 2022

O principal propósito do ensaio é discutir a concepção lotmaniana de história como problema semiótico da cultura e, enquanto tal, suscetível a interpretação em diferentes instâncias de temporalidade e em diferentes culturas. Para isso, a abordagem parte do questionamento de Lotman sobre o limite da ciência fundada na noção de verdade única sustentada por fontes primárias. Com base em estudos de tipologia da cultura, desenvolve um outro caminho analítico: a metalinguagem crítica a partir da qual as premissas históricas são entendidas como interpretação e o objeto da história como texto. Para evidenciar a importância do método indutivo, Lotman analisa, em pleno regime tsarista, movimentos insurgentes que operaram transformações na história russa, abrindo caminho para possibilidades interpretativas não facilmente evidentes.
Executive Function Poststroke: Concepts, Recovery, and Interventions
Authors: Skidmore Elizabeth R. , Eskes Gail , Brodtmann Amy
Published: December 2022

Executive function is frequently impaired among people who have sustained stroke. This review provides an overview of definitions, concepts, and measures. The review also summarizes current best evidence examining executive function impairment and recovery trajectories after stroke, correlates of change over time, and emerging intervention research. Finally, this review provides recommendations for research and clinical practices, as well as priorities for future executive function research.
Associations of Osteoarthritis With Thrombectomy Utilization and Outcomes for Large Vessel Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Chen Huanwen , Khunte Mihir , Colasurdo Marco , Jindal Gaurav , Malhotra Ajay , Gandhi Dheeraj , Chaturvedi Seemant
Published: December 2022

Background:

Osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal disorders are the leading causes of disability in the United States. While osteoarthritis is not a direct risk factor for stroke, osteoarthritis may impact patient selection for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) due to prestroke disability. This study investigates associations of osteoarthritis with EVT utilization and outcomes.

Methods:

This was a large-scale cross-sectional study of the 2016 to 2019 National Inpatient Sample database. Adult patients with anterior large vessel ischemic strokes were identified. Patient demographics, stroke risk factors, stroke etiology, presence of osteoarthritis, medical comorbidities, EVT, intravenous thrombolysis treatments, and discharge destinations were recorded. Primary outcome was the rate of EVT treatment. Secondary outcomes include rates of discharge to home and in-hospital mortality. Propensity score matching and multivariable logistic regression models were used to account for possible confounders.

Results:

Two hundred fifty-two thousand five hundred five patients were identified, of whom 8.5% (21 500 patients) had osteoarthritis. After propensity score matching for 32 clinical variables, osteoarthritis patients were found to be 17.3% less likely to receive EVT than non-osteoarthritis patients (14.4% versus 17.3%, respectively;
P
<0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, osteoarthritis was associated with 22.6% lower odds of receiving EVT (OR, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.70–0.86];
P
<0.001), an effect size larger than any medical comorbidity captured in this study other than dementia and nonstroke neurological disease. Among those treated with EVT, multivariable logistic regression models showed that osteoarthritis was not associated with different odds of being discharged home (OR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.81–1.21];
P
=0.93); however, osteoarthritis was marginally associated with lower odds of in-hospital mortality (OR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.54–1.01];
P
=0.054).

Conclusions:

Large vessel ischemic stroke patients with osteoarthritis were significantly less likely to receive EVT therapy despite similar post-EVT outcomes. These results warrant further investigation and prompt a critical review of current patient selection practices for stroke EVT therapy, specifically for patients with baseline disability due to musculoskeletal conditions such as osteoarthritis.
THE COMPARISON OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SERVICE PROVIDERS AND CUSTOMERS’ (PATIENTS’) VIEWS ON THEIR EXPECTATIONS, AN EXPERIMENT IN HEALTH SECTOR
Authors: ŞEHİRLİ Mustafa
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine whether customer (patients) and service providers (dentists) have different views on customers' (patients') expectations from treatment for transitioning to more customer (patient)-centered management. The surveys were conducted with 78 dentists and 481 patients in the offices of a private healthcare facility. The surveys asked participants to make two different assessments. One was to assign importance scores to the criteria, and the other was to rank the criteria by importance. Both ratings were considered in a way that supported each other. Patients strongly and significantly assigned higher importance to three criteria than physicians. These were ratings of treatment cost, minimal wait time, and rapid treatment and outpatient care. Compared to previous studies, measurements were made through two different assessments and analyses based on more criteria. Patients were found to give higher importance to three aspects than physicians: assessing the cost of treatment (care), minimal wait time and rapid intervention, and outpatient care.
Comment: Global Climate Policy and Collective Action
Authors: Kennard Amanda , Schnakenberg Keith E.
Published: December 2022

In Global Environmental Politics (“Prisoners of the Wrong Dilemma: Why Distributive Conflict, Not Collective Action, Characterizes the Politics of Climate Change,” 20 (4): 4–27), Michaël Aklin and Matto Mildenberger argue against the prevailing characterization of climate change cooperation as a problem of free riding or collective action. The authors argue that models of collective action imply, first, policy reciprocity and, second, inaction in the absence of formal agreements to limit free riding. They argue that neither empirical implication is supported by an review of states’ climate policy to date. In this comment, we note that standard collective action models imply neither of the above hypotheses. As a result, the empirical tests advanced in the original article are uninformative as to the explanatory power of the collective action model for international climate politics.
New synonyms and new species of European aquatic dance flies (Diptera, Empididae)
Authors: WAGNER RÜDIGER , PLANT ADRIAN , IVKOVIĆ MARIJA , GATTOLLIAT JEAN-LUC
Published: December 2022

Knowledge of the European aquatic dance flies (Clinocerinae, Hemerodromiinae) is updated. The following new synonyms are proposed: Chelifera pallida Vaillant, 1981 with Chelifera diversicauda Collin, 1927, syn. nov.; Chelifera giraudae Vaillant, 1981 and Chelifera berdeni Vaillant, 1978 (nomen nudum) with Chelifera subangusta Collin, 1961, syn. nov.; Hemerodromia slovenica Horvat & Wagner, 1989 with Hemerodromia laudatoria Collin, 1927, syn. nov.; Hemerodromia maculata Vaillant, 1968 with Hemerodromia unilineata Zetterstedt, 1842, syn. nov.; Wiedemannia aerea Vaillant, 1967 with Wiedemannia hastata (Mik, 1880), syn. nov.; Wiedemannia brevilamellata Wagner, 1985 with Wiedemannia debilis Collin, 1961, syn. nov.; Wiedemannia bilobata Oldenberg, 1910 with Wiedemannia oxystoma (Bezzi, 1905), syn. nov. Lectotypes are designated for Clinocera (Wiedemannia) oxystoma Bezzi, 1905, Wiedemannia aerea Vaillant, 1967, Wiedemannia bilobata Oldenberg, 1910, Philolutra erminea Mik, 1887, Wiedemannia hastata (Mik, 1880), Wiedemannia mirousei Vaillant, 1956 and Phaeobalia pokornyi Mik, 1886. A neotype is designated for Wiedemannia alpina Vaillant, 1953. Wiedemannia rudolfi Wagner & Ivković, sp. nov. and Phaeobalia remschakae Wagner sp. nov. are described and figures of male terminalia are provided.
Nowcasting Applications of Geostationary Satellite Hourly Surface PM2.5 Data
Authors: Zhang Hai , Wei Zigang , Henderson Barron H. , Anenberg Susan C. , O’Dell Katelyn , Kondragunta Shobha
Published: December 2022

The mass concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5; diameters less than 2.5 μm) estimated from geostationary satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) data can supplement the network of ground monitors with high temporal (hourly) resolution. Estimates of PM2.5 over the United States were derived from NOAA’s operational geostationary satellites’ Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) AOD data using a geographically weighted regression with hourly and daily temporal resolution. Validation versus ground observations shows a mean bias of −21.4% and −15.3% for hourly and daily PM2.5 estimates, respectively, for concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 μg m−3. Because satellites only observe AOD in the daytime, the relation between observed daytime PM2.5 and daily mean PM2.5 was evaluated using ground measurements; PM2.5 estimated from ABI AODs were also examined to study this relationship. The ground measurements show that daytime mean PM2.5 has good correlation (r > 0.8) with daily mean PM2.5 in most areas of the United States, but with pronounced differences in the western United States due to temporal variations caused by wildfire smoke; the relation between the daytime and daily PM2.5 estimated from the ABI AODs has a similar pattern. While daily or daytime estimated PM2.5 provides exposure information in the context of the PM2.5 standard (>35 μg m−3), the hourly estimates of PM2.5 used in nowcasting show promise for alerts and warnings of harmful air quality. The geostationary satellite based PM2.5 estimates inform the public of harmful air quality 10 times more than standard ground observations (1.8 versus 0.17 million people per hour).

Significance Statement

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5; diameters less than 2.5 μm) are generated from smoke, dust, and emissions from industrial, transportation, and other sectors. They are harmful to human health and even lead to premature mortality. Data from geostationary satellites can help estimate surface PM2.5 exposure by filling in gaps that are not covered by ground monitors. With this information, people can plan their outdoor activities accordingly. This study shows that availability of hourly PM2.5 observations covering the entire continental United States is more informative to the public about harmful exposure to pollution. On average, 1.8 million people per hour can be informed using satellite data compared to 0.17 million people per hour based on ground observations alone.
The Role of Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Other Factors in Influencing Top Executive Compensation in American Environmental Nonprofits
Authors: Taylor Dorceta E.
Published: December 2022

The article reports the findings of a pathbreaking national study that examines executive compensation in American environmental nonprofits. This article seeks to accomplish two goals: (1) examine the gender disparities in the pay of chief executive officers (CEOs), executive directors, and presidents in environmental organizations; and (2) analyze the ethnic/racial differences in the wages of the top executive in said nonprofits. The study uses financial information from Internal Revenue Service Form 990 to examine top executive salaries in 2,703 organizations. The author collected data from tax forms filed between 2018 and 2020. The article examines how gender and race/ethnicity are associated with compensation. It also analyzes how region, organizational type, urbanization, organizational revenue, staff size, the board size, the receipt of bonuses and incentives, the size of the bonuses/incentives, and the size of the base wages are related to overall compensation. Men occupied 51.2% (1,383) and women 48.8% (1,320) of the top executive positions in the organizations studied. Whites dominate the CEO position, that is, 92% or 2,488 of the CEOs were White, and 8% (215) were people of color. The study found significant gender pay gaps. While the median compensation for men was $117,468, it was $88,568.50 for women. Hence, women CEOs earned 75.4% of what men were paid. There was also an ethnic/racial pay gap. The study found that White CEOs earned a median income of $102,801. The median wage for Asian CEOs was 97.6%, Black CEOs was 96%, Latinx CEOs was 80.8%, and Native American CEOs was 73.4% of what White CEOs earned. White men obtained the highest median compensation of all gender, and racial/ethnic groups studied. The total compensation also varied by region, organizational revenues, organizational type, level of urbanization, staff size, board size, receipt of bonuses and incentives, the size of bonuses/incentives, and size of base wages. The size of the organization’s revenue, whether a CEO received bonuses/incentives, region, the CEO’s race/ethnicity, the CEO’s gender, and size of the staff were significant factors in the multivariate regression model.
The War in Ukraine and its Challenge to NATO: Peacekeeping to Peace Engineering
Authors: Lepskiy Maxim , Lepska Nataliia
Published: December 2022

The Russian–Ukrainian war is transforming world institutions, including NATO. The partnership and cooperative security policy, enshrined in NATO’s previous concept, was defined by a sustainable world order and international law. The war in Ukraine demonstrated the incompetence of major world security institutions and defined the challenges of their rapid transformation to effective reformatting. NATO, which has a new format for the organization’s development after the Ramstein meeting on April 26, 2022, actively joined this process. At the same time, the contemporary resolution of war and peace issues requires a transition from the concept of “peace agenda” to that of peace engineering. NATO’s peacemaking capabilities in resetting the interaction and transformation of U.N. peacekeeping determine the transition from nonsystemic peacemaking activities to the formation of a peace engineering program environment, which consists of the political-military, diplomatic, political and economic, logistical, social and humanitarian, and environmental and technogenic environments.
The Impact of Russian Military Aggression on the Psychological Health of Ukrainian Youth
Authors: Lunov Vitalii , Lytvynenko Olga , Maltsev Oleg , Zlatova Liudmyla
Published: December 2022

The article presents the results of research on the main individual behavior problems of Ukrainian youth in the conditions of Russian political and military aggression since 2014. Research is aimed at issues of adaptation potential, social and psychological security, psychological health, and well-being of young people from all geographic regions of Ukraine. The concept of “socially determined coping constructs” is proposed and the influence of interpersonal behavior style on the resourcefulness and adaptive potential of youth in the conditions of military operations is determined. Prognostic indicators of young people’s experience of security in the conditions of an unpredictable long-term scenario of military aggression are concise. It has been proved that adaptation potential is a factor of preservation of psychological health that is methodologically considered within the paradigm of humanistic psychology within the range of the concept of resilience, psychological well-being, and personal maturity. Interpersonal behavior can be considered by us as a developed form of interaction of personal genesis and social induced predisposition of a certain objectified relation. Adaptation potential is determined as a social-psychological integral hierarchical-parity formation that ensures homeostasis of mature functioning of personality within the conditions of social stress induced by the activity of adaptation capabilities, their latency, timeliness, correspondence with subjective resources, and vectors of social actualization. There has been an empirical establishment of predictors determining the impact of special features of the style of interpersonal behavior on index of perceived stress, index of coping resources, positive attitude to others, autonomy, environment management, personal development, life goals, self-perception, psychological well-being, inclusion, control, risk acceptance, and resilience. The results of our research became the basis for determination of the phenomenon of interpersonal behavior as predictor of the triad: interpersonal communication, adaptation potential, and psychological health of youth.
The War Feed: Digital War in Plain Sight
Authors: Hoskins Andrew , Shchelin Pavel
Published: December 2022

Today’s Russian war against Ukraine is unique in its unfolding through a prism of personalized realities, made and remade for individuals, in what we call the “war feed.” This is a new disruptor of war fought in plain sight, revolutionizing both war and media, in and through a frenzy of participation in immediate yet continuous, personalized yet global, digital feeds. The war feed renders the war in and against Ukraine up close and personal. Never have so many images and videos of human suffering and death in war been so quickly available, streaming from the battlefield. A digital multitude posting, liking, sharing, and applauding each individual image or short form video, are all participants in a fractalized psychological war. In this article we propose that the war feed transforms the way war today is perceived, participated in, and fought over, but also how it will be remembered and forgotten. We focus on the messaging app Telegram as a rapidly evolving weapon of psychological warfare, which utterly disrupts the relationship between the showing, hiding, and the seeing of modern war. There seems little point in raging against ineffectual moderation and regulation of social media platforms, whilst the world burns on Telegram.
Risk Factors for Lymph Node Metastasis and Recurrence in T1 Colorectal Cancer: Analysis of 801 Patients in a Single Institute
Authors: Ishikawa Shintaro , Hirano Yasumitsu , Deguchi Katsuya , Ishii Toshimasa , Ishiyama Yasuhiro , Okazaki Naoto , Fujii Takatsugu , Kataoka Atsuko , Sasaki Megumi , Shimamura Satoshi , Yonezawa Hiroki
Published: December 2022

Objective

To identify risk factors for lymph node metastasis and postoperative recurrence of pT1 colorectal cancer by clinicopathological study of surgically resected cases.

Methods

In 801 patients with pT1 colorectal cancer who underwent surgical resection with lymph node dissection between April 2007 and January 2021, we evaluated clinicopathological factors (age, gender, BMI, serum CEA level, tumor localization, additional resection after endoscopic treatment, operation time, blood loss, histological type, tumor size, vascular invasion, and central lymph node dissection). We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to examine risk factors for lymph node metastasis. We also examined risk factors for recurrence in 583 patients up to December 2017.

Results

Lymph node metastasis was observed in 100/801 patients (12.5%). Multivariate analysis of lymph node metastasis showed that patients with positive lymphatic invasion (odds ratio 2.57, 95% CI 1.62-4.04, P < .0001), positive venous invasion (odds ratio 2.31, 95% CI 1.48-3.61, P = .0002), and histologically poorly differentiated type (odds ratio 4.54, 95% CI 1.35-15.2, P = .014) were identified as risk factors. Postoperative recurrence was observed in 18/580 patients (3.1%). Risk factors for postoperative recurrence were also examined, including preoperative endoscopic treatment (odds ratio 3.59, 95% CI 1.18-10.9, P = .024), positive venous invasion (odds ratio 3.63, 95% CI 1.22-10.8, P = .021), positive lymph node metastasis (odds ratio 4.91, 95% CI 1.10-21.8, P = .037) were extracted as risk factors.

Discussion

In this study, venous invasion, lymphatic invasion, and histologically poorly differentiated type were identified as risk factors for lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer, and positive venous invasion, positive lymph node metastasis, and preoperative endoscopic treatment were identified as risk factors for recurrence. We hope that large prospective study will lead to the development of a more specific treatment strategy, including endoscopic treatment and additional surgical resection.
Longitudinal Voice Outcomes and Neoglottic Function After Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy: The Development of a New Scale
Authors: Palmer Andrew D. , Graville Donna J. , Bolognone Rachel K. , Gorecki Joseph , Groth Suzanne , March Jennifer , Schindler Joshua S.
Published: December 2022

Objectives:

Supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL) is an oncologically sound alternative to total laryngectomy that results in long-term alterations in vocal function. Little is known about long-term improvements in dysphonia and the mechanism of vocal recovery is unclear due to the lack of a standardized rating tool: The Pattern, Degree, and Vibration (PDV) Scale.

Methods:

Data from 24 individuals were compared over 3 post-operative timepoints after SCPL: 3 to 11, 12 to 35, and over 35 months. Voice outcomes were assessed using the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and the GRBAS scale. Laryngeal exams were deidentified and rated using a novel rating scheme developed using literature review and consensus panel discussions.

Results:

There were significant improvements in VHI scores, Grade, and Strain over time. There was an increase in the Degree of Closure and a decline in Mucosal Vibration across timepoints. Pattern of Movement (P) was associated with dysphonia Grade. Better Degree of Closure (D) was associated with lower VHI scores and better Grade and Roughness. Mucosal Vibration (V) was associated with reduced Breathiness and Strain but variable Roughness. Age, T-stage, radiation treatment, surgery type, and time to feeding-tube removal were also associated with voicing characteristics.

Conclusions:

There is evidence of improvement in several voice parameters over time after the first post-operative year. Various subcomponents of the new PDV rating scale were associated with voice outcomes. Its utility for research and clinical practice merits further investigation.
Near-Total Ear Avulsion Repaired With Primary Closure and Hyperbaric Oxygen: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Favede Cecelia , Bradshaw Charles , Sethia Rishabh , Kramer Scott , Jatana Kris , Elmaraghy Charles , Grischkan Jonathan
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Near-total ear avulsion is a rare and challenging problem to repair with many techniques described; primary repair is an attractive option but is not always successful. Healing may be augmented with postoperative hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), but this technique is under-reported, and an ideal regimen is not known. The study objective is to discuss the role of HBOT in the management of ear avulsion by reviewing 2 unique cases.

Methods:

Case report and review of the literature. A Pubmed search using the terms ear avulsion and postoperative hyperbaric oxygen was performed.

Results:

Two pediatric patients presented with near-total avulsion of the auricle after suffering a dog bite. Various management options were discussed including observation, primary repair, post-auricular cartilage banking, graft reconstruction with periauricular tissue or rib cartilage, or microsurgical replantation. The decision was made to perform primary reattachment, followed by adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). The patients achieved favorable esthetic results and continue to maintain the function of the reattached ear. Photo documentation was obtained throughout the process.

Discussion:

There is no consensus on the management of near-total ear avulsion. Primary repair is ideal from a cosmetic and ease-of-operation standpoint but does not always yield viable tissue. The use of postoperative HBOT is an attractive option that may boost success rates, but the ideal HBOT regimen is unknown. These cases represent a successful application of this innovative technique in a pediatric patient.
Red State, Blue State, Purple State; Higher and Increasing Blue COVID-19 Anxiety Rate
Authors: Gibbons Jeffrey A. , Lee Sherman A. , Harris Kaylee D. , Friedmann Emma D. , Rocha Gabriela R. , Traversa Matthew J.
Published: December 2022

The present study investigated COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS) scores for participants from blue states, red states, and purple states across 276 days ranging from April 18, 2020 to January 23, 2021. The CAS scores increased with knowing and caring for an individual with COVID-19, following social distancing guidelines, hours talking and thinking about COVID-19, hypochondria, neuroticism, depression, anxiety, stress, negative PANAS, and time, whereas they decreased with positive PANAS. More importantly, the CAS scores were higher for participants from blue states than for participants from purple states, and the positive relation between CAS scores and time was only significant for participants from blue states. We connected media events that occurred concurrently for high CAS scores overall and for high CAS scores for participants from blue states. The spikes in CAS ratings occurred along with COVID-19 contagion, partisan reactions to protests for slain African Americans (e.g., George Floyd), and the 2020 presidential election.
Stability of Psychological Well-being Following a Neurological Event and in the Face of a Global Pandemic
Authors: Andreasen Allison Julie , Johnson Marcie King , Tranel Daniel
Published: December 2022

This study examined the stability of psychological well-being in people who have experienced a neurological event resulting in focal brain damage. Evidence suggests that psychological well-being is largely stable in healthy adult populations. However, whether such stability exists in neurological patients with acquired brain lesions is an open question. Given the trait-like characteristics of psychological well-being, we hypothesized that psychological well-being would be stable in neurological patients who are in the chronic epoch of recovery (≥3 months after the neurological event). Eighty participants (women = 40; age: M = 56, standard deviation ( SD) = 13) completed the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being (PWBS) twice between 2016 and 2020 (Time 1 [T1] and Time 2 [T2]). The Ryff Scales measure various facets of well-being, including autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. Approximately half of participants completed their T2 assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic, creating an opportunity to investigate the effects of the pandemic on the stability of psychological well-being in a neurological population that may be particularly vulnerable to reduced well-being in this context. Pearson correlations and within-sample t tests were conducted to examine the stability of self-reported well-being over time. Test–retest correlations ranged from .71 to .87, and no significant differences in well-being emerged across the two time points. Significant correlations between T1 and T2 were also evident in the subsample of participants who completed their second assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings provide evidence that long-term psychological well-being is remarkably reliable and consistent over time in patients who have experienced a major neurological event, even when an unprecedented global event occurred between measurement epochs. Treatment implications of these findings are discussed.
Popular Culture Tourism: Conceptual Foundations and State of Play
Authors: Lexhagen Maria , Ziakas Vassilios , Lundberg Christine
Published: December 2022

Popular culture tourism encompasses a range of expressive practices that attract fans traveling to destinations associated with their fandom pursuit. However, scholarship on this multifaceted phenomenon is today over-fragmented and obscured by separate disciplinary agendas and priorities. We argue that the scope and breadth of popular culture tourism calls for its interdisciplinary treatment as a distinct field. Through a scoping literature review, this paper identifies the foundational elements of its conceptual and ontological roots, extracting key insights and discursive themes that can help establish a comprehensive perspective on the study and management of popular culture tourism. Our inquiry builds common ground that can shed light on the complexity of popular culture expressions and enable their strategic role as a destination placemaking tool. Thematic areas of convergence resulting in the emergent configuration of the field are delineated, and primary research questions for the comprehensive study of popular culture tourism are outlined.
Technological Innovations in Forensic and Correctional Mental Health: An Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Kirschstein Madeleine A. , Batastini Ashley B. , Singh Jay P. , Graf Marc
Published: December 2022

Although research on e-mental health in criminal justice settings continues to accumulate, the evidence base on this topic remains limited. In recent years, technological innovations have increasingly entered forensic and correctional mental health care, and the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated their diffusion. The present special issue aims to promote evidence-based best practices and inform clinical decision-making in criminal justice settings by presenting recent developments and findings relevant to the use of e-mental health. In this introduction, we summarize the eight articles in the special issue and discuss directions for future research.
Experimental Evaluation of Implicit Bias Education in the College Classroom
Authors: Hawkins Carlee Beth , Camp Alexis Z. , Schunke Matthew P.
Published: December 2022

Background: One common method of teaching students about diversity, equity, and inclusion is educating them about implicit bias—stereotypes and prejudices that are relatively automatic or unconscious. Research reveals positive impacts of implicit bias education but is limited to organizations and social psychology classrooms. Objective: The purpose of this study was to: (1) create a brief online education about implicit bias that could be adapted broadly in college classrooms and (2) test whether the education intervention improved learning, motivational, and behavioral intention outcomes. Method: We randomly assigned professors of a first-year seminar to instruct their students ( N = 498) to complete a survey containing our dependent measures before or after receiving a bias education intervention, which included completing an Implicit Association Test. Results: The bias education intervention increased objective and subjective knowledge of bias and multicultural competence, awareness of one's own bias, and behavioral intentions to reduce bias. Conclusion: These results suggest that a brief online bias education may be one effective tool in helping to create an inclusive campus environment. Teaching Implications: The publicly available bias education intervention provided here can be used broadly as one component of education around diversity, equity, and inclusion on college campuses.
Pharmacobezoar Formation From HPMC-AS-Containing Spray-Dried Formulations in Nonclinical Safety Studies in Rats
Authors: Gierke Hannes , Pfrommer Teresa , Schäfer Kerstin , Weitschies Werner , Nolte Thomas
Published: December 2022

Changing the physical state from crystalline to amorphous is an elegant method to increase the bioavailability of poorly soluble new chemical entity (NCE) drug candidates. Subsequently, we report findings from repeat-dose toxicity studies of an NCE formulated as a spray-dried amorphous solid dispersion (SD-ASD) based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMC-AS) in rats. At necropsy, agglomerates of SD-ASD were found in the stomach and small intestine, which in reference to literature were termed pharmacobezoars. We interpreted the pH-dependent insolubility of HPMC-AS in the acidic gastric environment to be a precondition for pharmacobezoar formation. Gastric pharmacobezoars were not associated with clinical signs or alterations of clinical pathology parameters. Pharmacobezoar-correlated histopathological findings were limited to the stomach and consisted of atrophy, erosion, ulcer, and inflammation, predominantly of the nonglandular mucosa. Pharmacobezoars in the small intestines induced obstructive ileus with overt clinical signs which required unscheduled euthanasia, prominent alterations of clinical pathology parameters indicative of hypotonic dehydration, degenerative and inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract, and secondary renal findings. The incidence of pharmacobezoars increased with dose and duration of dosing. Besides the relevance of pharmacobezoars to animal welfare, they limit the non-observed adverse effect level in nonclinical testing programs and conclusively their informative value.