bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The policy of quality assurance of university e-education in Europe and Latin America
Authors: Tolmachev Oleg Mikhailovich , Starodumov Leonid Lvovich , Nesova Natalya Mikhailovna , Kotovchikhina Natalia Dmitrievna , Magomedov Ramazan Magomedovich
Published: July 2021

The relevance of the study arises from the contradiction between the rapid development of e-education in different regions of the world, on the one hand, and the insufficient level of adaptation of the quality assessment mechanisms in the field of e-education in certain regions, on the other hand. This article examines and analyzes the international experience of quality assurance of higher education in the format of e-learning in Europe and Latin America. The article identifies the approaches to quality assurance of e-learning in the field of higher education in Europe and Latin America. The study is aimed at analyzing the policy of quality assurance of university e-education in the field of higher education in Europe and Latin America. The analysis of the activities of European and Latin American quality assurance organizations in the field of e-learning has shown that in the context of higher education in Europe and Latin America external quality assurance agencies play an important role in the institutional processes of ensuring the quality of university e-education. The development of a quality assurance system is an important part of the internationalization of educational programs in general and e-learning in particular since it is open and dynamic. The assessment of the quality of education is not simple; it is an important problem for the related organizations.
Tingkat Pengembalian Investasi Pendidikan di Kalimantan Barat Tahun 2018
Authors: Ayu Sakuntala Devi , Mulatsih Sri , Novianti Tanti
Published: July 2021

Theoretically, human capital plays an important role in economic growth. In West Kalimantan, the government increase the education investment to improve human capital. This study aims to estimate the rate of return of education investment in West Kalimantan Province, Pontianak and Singkawang District. SAKERNAS 2018 individual data was analyzed using the Mincer Model and the Heckman’s Two-step procedure. The result show that the rate of return of education investment in West Kalimantan province is 3,83 percent. It means that each additional year of schooling will increase income by 3,83 percent. The rate of return of education investment in Pontianak and Singkawang District are 6,21 percent and 4,87 percent, respectively. ------------------------------- Secara teoritis, modal manusia mempunyai peran penting dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi. Untuk meningkatkan modal manusia, pemerintah meningkatkan investasi pendidikan di Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, Kota Pontianak, dan Kota Singkawang menggunakan model Mincer dan prosedur Heckman’s Two Step. Hasil estimasi dengan menggunakan data individual SAKERNAS 2018 menunjukkan tingkat pengembalian pendidikan pada seluruh level pendidikan di Kalimantan Barat sebesar 3,83 persen. Artinya, setiap penambahan satu tahun lama sekolah akan meningkatkan pendapatan rata-rata sebesar 3,83 persen. Tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan di Kota Pontianak dan Kota Singkawang masing-masing sebesar 6,21 persen dan 4,87 persen.
ECONOMIC DESCRIPTIONS OF INTELLECTUAL PRODUCTION
Authors: KUREGYAN S.
Published: July 2021

The article describes new approaches for researching object of economic theory.
It gives the definition of intellectual production. Various criteria for evaluating the intellectual product is analyzed, economic evaluation of intellectual work results is proposed.
ROLE AND PLACE OF EDUCATION IN INNOVATIVE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: NAUMOVICH O.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the place of education in the innovative development of the economy, intensive and extensive factors of the development of education. The need for highly qualified specialists in the context of the new industrialization is shown there.
STRATEGY FOR THE FORMATION OF SUPPLY CHAINS IN MANUFACTURING
Authors: SHISHKO E.
Published: July 2021

Any production system, even the perfect one is subject to the requirements of constant
adjustment, in favor of improving all its parameters, as there are constantly changes in the
internal and external environment. Application of the methodology for systematic planning and designing of the logistics system will allow the supply chain to comply with these changes, as well as to take into account the emerging circumstances and assess alternative options for future developments. Continuous improvement of the processes that take place in the supply chain is a necessary strategy for the development of the company in the competitive market.
Abordagem educacional no ensino da EPT: Uma análise do filme “sociedade dos poetas mortos”
Authors: Vieira Irisneth , Rocha Kleiton , Cunha Renata
Published: July 2021

Resumo: Esta resenha é fruto de uma atividade proposta pela disciplina Teorias e práticas de ensino e aprendizagem contemplada em um curso de Mestrado do IFPI. O referencial teórico é pautado, prioritariamente, em Mizukami (1986). O objetivo é analisar o filme “Sociedade dos Poetas Mortos”, à luz dos pressupostos teóricos da disciplina, e para isso a investigação resume-se a fazer uma breve explanação sobre as abordagens de ensino, refletir a cerca das abordagens de ensino utilizadas pela escola e pelos professores, e estabelecer relações com a EPT. Quanto à metodologia, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com foco na abordagem tradicional, comportamentalista, cognitivista, humanista e sociocultural que embasaram a análise do filme. A partir deste estudo percebeu-se que a abordagem cognitivista, humanista e sociocultural são as que apresentam uma relação mais estreita com a EPT, no entanto ainda é insipiente a utilização destas abordagens na prática docente.

Palavras-chave: PROFEPT; abordagens de ensino; filme.
Early Versus Late Use of Dexamethasone in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Multicenter, Cohort Study
Authors: Sulaiman Khalid Al , Juhani Ohoud Al , Korayem Ghazwa B. , Eljaaly Khalid , Alhubaishi Alaa , Harbi Omar Al , Badreldin Hisham A. , Yousif Ghada Al , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Altebainawi Ali F. , Albelwi Shorouq , Almutairi Rahaf , Almousa Maha , Alghamdi Razan , Alharbi Aisha , Algarni Rahmah , Akhani Nada , Harthi Abdullah Al , Alissa Abdulrahman , Homaid Sarah Al , Qahtani Khawla Al , Atassi Abdulaleam Al , Ghamdi Ghassan Al
Published: July 2021

Rationale: It is unclear whether the timing of dexamethasone initiation is associated with positive outcomes. Objectives: To evaluate the appropriate timing of systemic dexamethasone initiation in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: A multicenter, non-interventional cohort study including adults with COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) received systemic dexamethasone between March 2020 and January 2021. Patients were divided into two groups based on the timing for dexamethasone use (early vs. late). Early use is defined as the new initiation of dexamethasone within 24 hours of ICU admission. Propensity score matching was used based on the patient’s SOFA score, MV within 24 hours of ICU admission, proning status, and tocilizumab use during ICU stay. Results: A total of 480 patients were included in the study; dexamethasone was initiated early within 24 hours of ICU admission in 367 patients. Among 202 patients matched using propensity score, 101 had received dexamethasone after 24 hours of ICU admission (1:1 ratio). The 30-day mortality (OR [95%CI]: 1.82[1.04, 3.19], P=0.04) and in-hospital mortality (OR [95%CI]: 1.80[1.03, 3.15], P=0.04) were higher in the late group. Among the non-mechanically ventilated patients, late use of dexamethasone was associated with higher odds of developing respiratory failure that required MV (OR [95%CI]: 3.8 [1.41, 10.3], P=0.008). Conclusion: Early use of dexamethasone within 24 hours of ICU admission in critically ill patients with COVID-19 was associated with mortality benefits. Moreover, dexamethasone's early use might be considered a proactive measure in non-mechanically ventilated critically ill patients with COVID-19, to prevent further complications.
A Non-conventional Approach to Understanding the Geographical Influence on the Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and IFR
Authors: Ketipearachchi Udaya
Published: July 2021

Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is not well understood and different models are needed (i.e. one model cannot answer it all) to understand and fight this disease. Mathematical modelling is a powerful tool for understanding transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and evaluating possible events or scenarios. Here, we present two models based on indirect transmission of SARSCoV-2 that explain the influence of ambient temperature and air pollution on outdoor and indoor behavior of SARS-CoV-2. These models discuss the temperature dependency of the lethality of SARS-CoV-2 and its spread during indoor and outdoor exposure. Furthermore, the temperature effect on the half-life of SARS-CoV-2 is discussed if the SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted via particulate matter or surfaces. It is also important to understand the role of dew point instead of the humidity factor alone as the combined effect of temperature and humidity might play a major role in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 .
A 5-Year Review of 1220 Malignant Periocular Tumours in an English County
Authors: Lin Zhiheng , Sheikh Umair , Igali Laszlo , Hemmant Bridget
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE: To determine the incidence, proportion and location of periocular tumours in an English county over a five year period, and compare to other studies in the UK and worldwide.METHODS: A retrospective review of histopathology reports was performed for all periocular excision biopsy of malignancies from the county’s three main hospitals over a 5-year period. These hospitals cover a population of just over one million. Tumours were classified according to type and location. RESULTS:1220 lesions were included in this study. Right-sided lesions were more common than left. The incidence of basal cell carcinoma was 22 per 100,000 and squamous cell carcinoma 1.3 per 100,000, which were found most commonly on the lower eyelid and eyebrow respectively. The incidence of all other types of lesions was less than 0.5 per 100,000 per year. CONCLUSION:The incidence of periocular basal cell carcinomas in the predominantly elderly Caucasian population was at least three times the published national average. The high incidence of periocular tumours in this East of England county is set to increase further as the proportion of over 65 year olds in the population is set to nearly double within two decades.
Hybrid waves consisting of the solitons, breathers and lumps for a (2+1)-dimensional extended shallow water wave equation
Authors: Deng Gao-Fu , Gao Yi-Tian , Yu Xin , Ding Cui-Cui , Jia Ting-Ting , Li Liu-Qing
Published: July 2021

Shallow water waves are studied for the applications in hydraulic engineering and environmental engineering. In this paper, a (2+1)-dimensional extended shallow water wave equation is investigated. Hybrid solutions consisting of H -soliton, M -breather and J -lump solutions have been constructed via the modified Pfaffian technique, where H , M and J are the positive integers. One-breather solutions with a real function ϕ ( y ) are derived, where y is the scaled space variable, we notice that ϕ ( y ) influences the shapes of the background planes. Discussions on the hybrid waves consisting of one breather and one soliton indicate that the one breather is not affected by one soliton after interaction. One-lump solutions with ϕ ( y ) are obtained with the condition, where k 1 R and k 1 I are the real constants, we notice that the one lump consists of two low valleys and one high peak, as well as the amplitude and velocity keep invariant during its propagation. Hybrid waves consisting of the one lump and one soliton imply that the shape of the one soliton becomes periodic when ϕ ( y ) is changed from a linear function to a periodic function.
Impacts of Regional Development on Emissions in China's Transport Sector
Authors: Wu Yiwen , Yuan Rong , Pan Yuchen
Published: July 2021

In recent years, China has repeatedly stated that CO2 emissions should reach a peak by 2030 and be carbon neutral by 2060. China’s transport sector is playing an important role in meeting China’s targets, as the emissions of CO2 from it grow steadily. We apply the LMDI to analyze the impact of regional development patterns on emissions in China’s transport sector. Based on the Kaya identity, eight factors (including carbon intensity, energy structure, energy intensity, turnover intensity, traffic intensity, regional structure, per capita traffic activity and population size) are decomposed. The period 1997–2017 is divided into four phases according to the growth rate of carbon emissions. The driving factors of CO2 emission characteristic were varied by periods. The degree of driving factors’ influence also varies by region. The change in output growth rate of the regional transport sector is positively correlated with the change in the share of output value added, which is positively correlated with the change in emissions.
Synthesis, Vibrational Spectroscopy and Optical Study of Bi-Tetrabutylphosphonium Hexachlorostannate
Authors: Mbarek I. , Gzaiel M. Ben , Oueslati A. , Gargouri M
Published: July 2021

The single crystals of bi-tetrabutylphosphonium hexachlorostannate were grown by solvent evaporated method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and optical study. The X-ray powder diffraction indicates that it was crystallized in the monoclinic system, with C2/c space group. Besides, temperature-controlled X-ray diffraction show that the [P(C4H9)4]2SnCl6 compound indicate the presence of two phase transitions detected at 388 and 403 K. The evolution of Raman line shifts, “ν”, and the half-width, “Δν”, versus temperature show some singularities associated with the transitions, suggesting the important role of the anionic parts ((SnCl6)2-). Besides, the results of the Raman study confirms the conclusion drawn from the X-ray powder diffraction measurements that the phase transition are located near 388K and 403K.Furthermore, an optical absorption measurement confirms the semiconductor nature with a band gap equal to 3.46eV.
­Stochastic Time Series Prediction Equation Using Wavelet Packets for Iran
Authors: Rahimi Habib , Tanircan G. , Shahvar Mohammad
Published: July 2021

In this study, a stochastic simulation model proposed by Yamamoto and Baker (2013), is applied to Iranian strong motion database which comprises more than 3828 recordings for a time period between 1975–2018. Each ground motion is decomposed into wavelet packets. Amplitudes of wavelet packets are divided into two groups and for each group model parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Regression coefficients are then obtained relating model parameters to seismic characteristics such as earthquake magnitude, distance, and site condition. Inter-event residuals of coefficients and correlation of total residuals of those parameters are also calculated. To reconstruct the amplitudes in time domain and do the simulation, inverse wavelet packet transform is used. Finally, a validation test is performed. The comparison of ground motion intensity measures for recorded and simulated time series shows an acceptable conformity in the application. The estimated parameters using the simulated data are in good agreement with the real data, indicating the acceptable validity of the estimated stochastic simulation model. Obtained regression equations can be used to generate ground motions for the future earthquake scenarios in Iran.
Stroke Side Identification in the Brain by Retinal Image Analysis
Authors: Zhuo Yuanyuan , Lin Jiaye , Yang Zhuoxin , Yu Haibo , Huang Xingxian , Lee Jack , Zee Benny , Wu Jiaman
Published: July 2021

Purpose To establish a prediction model for stroke side identification.Methods A total of 168 patients (89 left-sided stroke patients and 79 right-sided stroke patients) were recruited from the Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in the study. Retinal characteristics were analyzed using an automated retinal image analysis (ARIA) system. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify and develop predictive models. Results Each unit increase in the right eye bifurcation coefficient of arterioles increased the risk of right-side stroke by 7.523 times (95% CI, 1.823-31.044). Additionally, an elevated bifurcation coefficient of venules in the right eye also increased the risk of stroke in the right side of the brain, with an odds ratio (OR) of 7.377 (95% CI, 1.771-30.724). A complex retinal composite score was also associated with a higher risk of right-side stroke (OR, 4.955; 95% CI, 3.061-8.022). Conclusion This study demonstrated that retinal image analysis can provide useful information for stroke side identification and the specific retinal characteristics may help in predicting stroke occurrence.
Pharmacophore-based Virtual Screening From Phytocannabinoids for Anti-obesity Activity
Authors: Correia Lenir C. , Ferreira Jaderson V. , Lima Henrique B. , Silva Guilherme M. , Silva Carlos H. T. P. da , Molfetta Fábio A. , Hage-Melim Lorane Izabel da Silva
Published: July 2021

Search for new pharmacological alternatives for obesity is based on the design and development of compounds that can aid in weight loss so that they can be used safely and effectively over a long period while maintaining their function. The endocannabinoid system is related to obesity by increasing orexigenic signals and reducing satiety signals. Cannabis sativa is a medicinal plant of polypharmaceutical potential that has been widely studied for various medicinal purposes. The in silico evaluation of their natural cannabinoids (also called phytocannabinoids) for anti-obesity purpose stems from the existence of synthetic cannabinoid compounds that have already presented this result, but which did not guarantee patient safety. In order to find new molecules from C. sativa phytocannabinoids, with the potential to interact with the pharmacological target cannabinoid receptor 1, a pharmacophore-based virtual screening was performed, including the evaluation of physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, toxicological predictions and molecular docking. The results obtained from the ZINC12 database pointed to Zinc 69 (ZINC33053402) and Zinc 70 (ZINC19084698) molecules as promising anti-obesity agents. Molecular Dynamics (MD) studies discloses that both complexes were stable by analyzing the RMSD (Root Mean Square Deviation) values, and the binding free energy values demonstrate that the selected structures can interact and inhibit their catalytic activity.
Caries Inhibition With Co2-laser During Orthodontic Treatment a Study Protocol for a Randomized Split-mouth Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Shindova Maria , Belcheva Ani
Published: July 2021

IntroductionWhite spot lesions associated with orthodontic treatment are a common problem. Recent studies reported increased resistance to acid demineralization of enamel after sub-ablative CO2-laser irradiation in a combination with fluoride application. The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of CO2-laser in combination with a fluoride varnish in the prevention, severity and extent of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.Methods and analysisThis is a protocol for a randomized, split-mouth controlled, clinical trial. The participants will be children aged 12-18 years at high caries risk, requiring fixed orthodontic treatment. The vestibular surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth of eligible patients will be exposed to CO2-laser irradiation in combination with fluoride therapy and fluoride therapy alone followed by bonding of orthodontic brackets. The patients will be recalled 6 and 12 months post-irradiation. Outcome measures will be visual examination with International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria and SoproLife fluorescence. Data will be analyzed by Student t-test for paired samples and proportional odds logistic regression model, p˂0.05.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Committee for Scientific Research Ethics, Medical University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria (Reference number P-605/27.03.2020,Protocol of approval No. 2/01.04.2021) and registered on a publicly accessible database. This research received institutional funding from the Medical University–Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The results will be presented through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (Registration number: NCT04903275).
Estimation and Comparative Analysis of Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Based on Different Input Combinations and Different Models
Authors: Niu Chaojie , Li Xiang , Liu Chengshuai , Soomro Shan-e-hyder , Hu Caihong
Published: July 2021

Daily reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is the most crucial link in estimating crop water demand. In this study, Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M), Genetic Algorithm-Back Propagation (GA-BP) and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) models were introduced to calculate the ET0 values, Based on the Pearson Correlation analysis method, five meteorological factors were obtained, which were combined into six different input scenarios. Compared with the values that calculated by the the Penman Monteith (PM) formula. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), and Scatter Index (SI) were used to evaluate the simulation performance of the models. The results showed that the simulation effect of the L-M model is better than that of the GA-BP model and PLSR model in all scenarios. PLSR model has the worst performance. The SI index of L-M6 was 46.69% lower than that of GA-BP6 and 65.78% lower than that of PLSR6. When the input factors are 3, the simulation effect of the input wind speed, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature is the best. L-M model and GA-BP model can predict the ET0 in the region with a lack of meteorological data. This study provides an important reference for high-precision prediction of ET0 under different input combinations of meteorological factors.
Phytochemicals, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents and Radical Scavenging Activities of Crotalaria Retusa, Clerodendrum Volubile Leaf Extracts and Biogas Slurry of Cassava Peels
Authors: Olaniyan Oluwaseyi , Ajayi Ebenezer , Oladele Oluwaseun , Adenrele Simeon , Oladele Johnson , Molehin Olorunfemi , Afolabi-Balogun Bola , Akinde Babatunde , Oloyede Omotade
Published: July 2021

Well established are the destructive effects of cellular oxidative damage due to oxidative stress on animal and human health. The prophylactic use of plant-derived bioactive agents in the amelioration and treatment of chronic diseases induced by free radical and oxidative stress is a promising therapeutic approach. This present study investigates the phytochemical constituents, in vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities of Crotalaria retusa leaves, Clerodendrum volubile leaves and cassava biogas slurry. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were also determined. The phytochemicals, phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant potentials of the extracts, including reducing power, inhibition of hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical production, and DPPH radical scavenging, were performed using standard assays. Our results show terpenoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and tannins in the various extracts. In vitro, antioxidant assay results also reveal that the extracts' free radical scavenging abilities are significantly high compared with standard antioxidants used: tannic and ascorbic acids. The results also show that the extracts demonstrated elevated antioxidant activities positively correlated with the total flavonoid and phenolic contents. This work demonstrated that the extracts possessed significant antioxidant activities over standard ones, thus, suggesting the extracts as sources of natural antioxidants that could have considerable therapeutic relevance in preventing and inhibiting the progression of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Cognitive Decline, Sensory Impairment, and The Use of Audio-Visual Aids by Long-Term Care Facility Residents
Authors: KWAN Rick Yiu Cho , KWAN Chi Wai , KOR Patrick Pui Kin , Chi Iris
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAudio-visual impairments and the use of sensory aids are associated with cognitive decline in community-dwelling older people, but effects in long-term care settings are unclear. We hypothesize that visual and hearing impairment are associated with cognitive decline and these relationships are mediated by the use of visual and hearing aids.MethodsA secondary data analysis of a longitudinal study was conducted in the 7 government-subsidized long-term care facilities (LTCF) operated by one of the largest non-governmental organizations in Hong Kong using data between 2005 and 2016. Eligible residents were ≥60 years of age without severe cognitive impairment at baseline who had stayed in the facilities for more than three years. All variables were measured by using the Minimum Data Set-Resident Assessment Instrument Version 2.0, Hong Kong version. The outcome was cognitive decline. Predictors were visual and hearing impairments. Mediators were use of visual and hearing aids. General linear models were employed to test the hypotheses.ResultsResults for 2,233 residents were analyzed, with the mean age of 82.1±8.2 years and the mean follow-up period of 4.4±0.8 years. Results showed that those who had visual impairment (p=0.004) and hearing impairments (p=0.022) had a higher risk of cognitive decline. Using hearing aids (coefficient=0.0186, p<0.05) positively mediates the effect of hearing impairment on cognitive decline. Using visual aids (coefficient=-0.0881, p<0.05) negatively mediates the effects of visual impairment on cognitive decline. ConclusionIn long-term care settings, hearing and visual impairments are associated with higher risk of cognitive decline. Hearing aids often-users are associated with higher risk of cognitive decline. LTCF residents with visual impairment did not use visual aids. Visual aids protects residents from cognitive decline.
Origin and Factors Effecting Dissolved Organic Matter in Karst Spring, Southwest China
Authors: Liao Yu , Shen Licheng , Sun Yuchuan , Zhang Mei , Wang LaChun
Published: July 2021

The dissolved biomarker composition of water samples was detected and quantified through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate the source of organic matter and its influencing factors in a subtropical monsoon karst spring. All water samples were collected in Chongqing, southwest China, in May, June, and July 2015. An analysis of the carbon number distribution characteristics and molecular characteristic parameters indicated that the dissolved organic matter in water samples mainly came from microorganism. The average biomarker contents in the samples were controlled by multi-factor coupling and showed an increasing trend in May, June, and July; this trend was consistent with temperature and inverse with rainfall. Human activities, such as urbanization and land use type, affected the fatty acid composition of the spring water. In forested land, the main fatty acids in water were saturated normal fatty acids with carbon numbers of 14,16, and 18, respectively. The C16:1ω9 (c) fatty acid, denoting the origin of algae, was found in high abundance in the water samples of the Mudu River Basin, which contains agricultural land far from urban areas. C18:1 ω9 (t), a biomarker of Gram-negative bacteria, was detected in large quantities in the cultivated land of the Laolongdong watershed.
Predictive Value of F-SIRI in Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Radical Hepatectomy
Authors: panyi hu , Zhang Yongwei , qian yeben
Published: July 2021

Background: Objective to evaluate the predictive value of preoperative fibrinogen and systemic inflammatory response index (F-SIRI) in the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical hepatectomy. Methods: the clinical data of 298 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent surgery and confirmed by postoperative pathology in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The F-SIRI score was calculated according to FIB and SIRI data of peripheral blood. The relationship between F-SIRI score and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. The survival analysis was performed by Kaplan Meier method, Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors. Results: preoperative F-SIRI score was correlated with tumor diameter, FIB and SIRI (P<0.05), but not with age, gender, TNM stage and other clinical features (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the 5-year DFS rate and OS rate among patients with different preoperative F-SIRI scores(P<0.05); Cox regression analysis showed that preoperative tumor diameter, alpha fetoprotein level and F-SIRI score were independent predictors of DFS in patients with HCC (P< 0.05), while preoperative tumor diameter, ALB and F-SIRI score as independent predictors of OS (P<0.05). Conclusion: preoperative F-SIRI is an independent prognostic factor in patients with HCC after radical hepatectomy, with poor prognosis in patients with high level of F-SIRI.
Biological Controls of Fusarium Tomato-wilt Disease by the Blue-green Alga Nostoc Spp.
Authors: El-Sheekh Mostafa M. , Deyab Mohamed A. , Hasan Reham S. A. , Ahmed Seham E. Abu , Elsadany Abdelgawad
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the effect of extract and culture of certain cyanobacteria on pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) that infects tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant in vitro and in vivo. Some cyanobacteria isolates were isolated from saline soils of El-Hamoul and Seidy Salem location and identified. Bioactive compounds of isolates were analyzed by GC–MC. Dry weight, carotene, chlorophyll content, and total phenolic compounds of isolates were measured. Plant height (cm), dry weight (g), fruit number, and fruit weight (g) of tomato were estimated. Isolates were defined as Nostoc calcicola and Nostoc linckia. GC/MS analysis showed 49 and 35 bioactive compounds from N. calcicola and N. linckia, respectively. N. calcicola possess a higher amount of dry weight, chlorophyll a, carotenoid, and total phenol that measured 670.43 mg.L− 1, 1.91 mg/g fresh wt., 466.67 µg/g fresh wt., and 47.00 mg (GAE) g− 1, respectively, compared to N. linckia. After 100 days, the results showed highest yield values of tomato fruits with Nostoc sp. compared with untreated plants and plants infected with Fusarium.
Distinctive Clinical and Pathologic Features of Immature Teratomas Arising from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Injection in a Patient with type 2 Diabetes: A Case Report
Authors: Han Lei , He Hao , Yang Yihao , Meng Qingyin , Ye Fan , Chen Gong , Zhang Jing
Published: July 2021

Background: As a new potential cure for diabetes, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are characterized by self-renewal capacity and the ability to differentiate into pancreatic islet β-cells, which will hopefully secrete insulin and rebuild blood glucose balance. The safety and validity of iPSC treatment for diabetes remain controversial. One of the most serious risks is teratoma formation arising from undifferentiated stem cells, but clinical reports are rare.Case presentation: Here, we report a distinctive case of immature teratoma after iPSC treatment for diabetes, which was accidentally treated in our soft tissue sarcoma centre. The patient received islet β-cell injection, in which the cells were differentiated from autologous iPSCs, into the deltoideus muscle. Two months later, a mass located in the injection area formed with enlarged axillary lymph nodes. Here, we present the different clinical, radiological and pathological features of this immature teratoma in detail. Distinctive from typical immature teratomas, the tumour was characterized by rapid growth and local lymph node metastasis. The tumour was not sensitive to typical chemotherapy regimens for immature teratomas. MRI scanning showed heterogeneous enhancement and a rich blood supply to the tumour. The histopathology showed immature endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm tissues composed of osseous, cartilaginous, vascular and adenoid tissues, which have more cellular atypia than typical teratomas. Staining for both Oct-4 and Sox-2 was positive in the tumour cell nucleus by immunofluorescence assay, but insulin staining was negative. Next-generation sequencing showed many missense mutations, but abnormal gene rearrangement or copy number was not observed.Conclusions: More attention should be given to teratoma formation after iPSC treatment for diabetes, which is more aggressive than typical teratomas. The safety and validity of iPSC treatment for diabetes should be confirmed by more standardized clinical trials.
Significance of Serological Markers in Neurological Function and Progression Rate of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Chen Xiaowen , Li Junrong , Lv Yingying , Zhang Wei , Xu xiujian , Kong Delian
Published: July 2021

Objective The present study was to investigate the significance of creatinine, uric acid, creatine kinase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HCY (Homocysteine), and cystatin C in neurological function and progression rate of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of EI-Escorial (2000), 103 patients with ALS were enrolled. All patients were given corresponding serological tests at the initial diagnosis. The Revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) and Disease Progression Rate (DPR) were evaluated. The detected indexes in blood tests included creatinine, uric acid, creatine kinase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, homocysteine, and cystatin C. All data were input into the computer, and the data analysis was performed by SPSS22.0 statistical software.Results 1. There were significant differences in creatinine, uric acid, creatine kinase, total cholesterol, HCY and cystatin C between the two groups (P<0.05). The levels of uric acid and creatinine of ALS group were lower than those of the control group, and the levels of creatine kinase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HCY and cystatin C were higher than that in the control group. 2. The results from correlation analysis demonstrated that there was a significant correlation between ALSFRS-R and creatinine (P<0.01), the correlation coefficient was 0.567 (positive correlation); There was also a significant correlation between DPR and creatinine (P<0.01), and the correlation coefficient was -0.808 (negative correlation). The correlations of DPR with triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly negative correlated (P<0.05), with -0.201 and -0.210 of correlation coefficients, respectively. The remaining indexes did not show any correlation with ALSFRS-R and DPR. Conclusions 1. Uric acid and creatinine of ALS patients were lower than that in healthy people. Creatine kinase, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HCY, and cystatin C in ALS patients were higher than those in health controls. There were significant metabolic abnormalities in ALS patients. 2. Creatinine level is an independent risk factor affecting ALSFRS-R. The creatinine and total cholesterol levels are also the independent risk factors affecting DPR. Creatinine and total cholesterol levels could be used as reliable indicators to evaluate the ALSFRS-R and DPR of ALS patients.
Associations of Serum Total Bilirubin with Survival Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Cachexia: A Retrospective, Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Li Xiang-Rui , Zhang Qi , Zhang Kang-Ping , Zhang Xi , Ruan Guo-Tian , Song Meng-Meng , Ge Yi-Zhong , Zhang Xiao-Wei , Song Chun-Hua , Shi Han ping
Published: July 2021

Background: Cancer cachexia is a systemic paraneoplastic phenomenon involving multiple organs, including the liver. Total bilirubin (TBIL) is an easily obtained blood biomarker that reflects liver homeostasis. This work evaluated the prognostic value of serum TBIL in patients with cancer cachexia.Methods: This study included 2,282 patients from a multicenter research database who were diagnosed with cancer cachexia between June 2012 and December 2019. The hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. The association of serum TBIL with all-cause mortality was modeled with restricted cubic splines. The optimal cutoff value for TBIL was calculated with maximally selected rank statistics.Results: Among the participants, there were 1,327 (58.2%) males and 955 (41.8%) females. The mean patient age was 60.4±1.5 years. The 12-month all-cause mortality rate for patients with cancer cachexia was 29.5% (95% CI: 27.6%-31.3%), resulting in a rate of 209.58 events per 1000 patient-years. An inverted L-shaped association between TBIL and all-cause mortality was observed. The cutoff point for TBIL for the prediction of the time to mortality was < 21.7 µmol/L. A high TBIL level but not the direct bilirubin (DBIL) or indirect bilirubin (IBIL) level was identified as an independent prognostic factor (HR, 1.60, 95% CI, 1.32-1.93). For patients with digestive system tumors, a high serum TBIL level (≥21.7 µmol/L) was significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion: High TBIL levels are associated with increased all-cause mortality in patients and might be a promising prognostic indicator in patients with cancer cachexia.
Physiological Responses of Beet and Cabbage Plants Exposed to Copper and their Potential Insertion in Human Food Chain
Authors: Schmitt Odair J. , Andriolo Jerônimo L. , Silva Isley C. B. , Tiecher Tadeu L. , Chassot Tatiane , Tarouco Camila Peligrinotti , Lourenzi Cledimar Rogério , Nicoloso Fernando Teixeira , Marchezan Carina , Casagrande Cleiton Renato , Drescher Gerson Laerson , Kreutz Márcio André , Brunetto Gustavo
Published: July 2021

Copper (Cu) can be toxic to vegetables when it is absorbed and accumulated at large concentrations, a fact that increases the risk of excessive addition of this metal to the human food chain. The aims of the current study are (1) to determine the Cu concentrations that have critical toxic effects on beet and cabbage plants, and the potential of these plants to enter the human food chain; as well as (2) to assess the physiological and biochemical responses of representatives of these vegetables grown in nutrient solution presenting increasing Cu concentrations. Beet and cabbage plants were grown for 75 days in pots filled with sand added with nutrient solution presenting six Cu concentrations: 0.00, 0.52, 1.02, 1.52, 2.02 and 2.52 mg Cu L -1 . Dry matter yield and Cu accumulation in different plant organs were evaluated. Photosynthetic pigment contents, lipid peroxidation levels (TBARs), superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) activity, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ) concentrations in leaves were evaluated. Critical Cu concentrations that led to toxicity in plant organs such as beetroot and cabbage head, which are often found in human diets, corresponded to 1.43 mg Cu L -1 and 1.59 mg Cu L -1 , respectively. High Cu concentrations in the nutrient solution have increased Cu concentrations and accumulation in plant tissues. This outcome justified the increased POD and SOD enzyme activity in the leaves of beet and cabbage plants, respectively, as well as was the cause of reduced plant growth in both crops. Cabbage plants presented higher tolerance to increased Cu levels in the growing environment than beet plants. However, it is necessary being careful at the time to consume both vegetables, when they are grown in Cu-enriched environments.
Bio-Medical Applications of Chitosan Linked Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract Nanopolymer
Authors: P Shlini , Johnson Jessin Thangam , Tabassum Tahreem
Published: July 2021

Nanotechnology has numerous applications in science and technology. The nanomaterial which are plant based have drawn more attention due to its immense application in various fields because of their physico-chemical properties. Physical, chemical, and biological processes are used to create nanomaterials. Physiochemical processes are costly and hazardous to the environment, whereas biological processes involving nanoparticles are thought to be environmentally friendly. In recent times considerable research interest has evolved using chitosan nanoparticles as they have emerged as one of the most exciting tools due to their increased surface-volume ratio and are of great interest for nanomedicine and development of new therapeutic drug release systems with improved bioavailability, increased specificity and sensitivity, and reduced pharmacological toxicity. In the present investigation, we have synthesized chitosan nanoparticles using Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract by the ionic gelation technique and was characterized using UV spectrophotometer and FTIR. The optical density of the broad peak of Chitosan-Rosemary Leaf nanopolymer was found to be at 0.587. The FTIR results recorded the absorption peaks at 3381 cm‾ 1 , and 1666 cm‾ 1 which represented the O-H stretch and C=C bond stretching respectively. Thus, there was a stretching from higher wavelength region to lower wavelength region demonstrating the interaction of tripolyphosphate with chitosan and biomolecules by reduced hydrogen bonding. Further, the study was designed to determine the cytoprotective and DNA protection activity. The results of our study lend pharmacological credence to the bio-medical applications, ethno medical use of this plant in traditional system of medicine.
Barriers to Translational Research in Windsor Ontario: A Survey of Clinical Care Providers and Health Researchers
Authors: Senecal Justin Bruni , Metcalfe Karen , Wilson Kaila , Woldie Indryas , Porter Lisa A.
Published: July 2021

BackgroundTranslational research is an ideology focussed on streamlining the transition of novel research into clinical practice to ultimately benefit populations. Central to this approach is overcoming barriers to research involvement and interdisciplinary collaboration. While these have been the subject of several studies, the research community of Windsor-Essex lacks the large tertiary institution typical of the communities that are the usually the subject of this research. In this study, we surveyed clinicians and researchers working in Windsor-Essex to gain insight into barriers to translational research important to those working in smaller sized, community-based research networks. MethodsUsing an anonymous close-ended Qualtrics survey distributed via email, we surveyed faculty members from The University of Windsor and clinical care providers from Windsor-Essex (n=68). This included 24 physicians, 14 allied health professionals, and 30 non-clinician researchers. Results Managing competing interests, lack of time, funding, infrastructure, and networks were identified by greater than 75% of participants as barriers to research involvement. 62% of physicians identified the lack of permanent post-graduate medical trainees as a barrier. Clinicians were consistently less experienced in research skills compared to others; particularly in publishing results and applying for funding (p<0.001). Schedule incompatibility, funding issues and identifying interested collaborators with overlapping interests were identified as barriers to interdisciplinary collaboration by 80% of participants. Moreover, 54% of those surveyed were unhappy with their research involvement and these individuals were 9% more likely to perceive research as important for their career progression (p=0.046). ConclusionsThis study identifies several important barriers to translational research in Windsor-Essex and suggests that many motivated researchers are unhappy with their current involvement. These results will inform decision making in the research community of Windsor-Essex and provides insight for communities of similar size and research capacity. Ultimately, enabling the translation of clinical research in all communities is required to ensure equitable access to cutting edge care.
Management and Attitudes of Patients Victims Accidental Exposure to Blood at the Day Care Unit of the Central Hospital of Yaoundé (Cameroon) from January 2007 to December 2016
Authors: Defo Defo , Kouotou Emmanuel Armand , Feungue Ulrich Nguena , Domo Joseline , Ndam Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap , Tounouga Dahlia Noelle , Ndam Elie Claude Ndjitoyap
Published: July 2021

Background: There is little data on Accidental Exposure to Blood (AEB) in Cameroon.Objectives: to learn about the management of AEB among professional and non-professional patient at the day care unit of the Central Hospital of YaoundéMethod: This was a 10-year retrospective study in which data concerning socio-demographic characteristics, exposure and consultation circumstances, measures taken after the accident, the status of the source patient and of the patient consultant and the prescribed ARV protocol were analyzed.Results: Six hundred files were selected, including 49.2% professional exposure and 50.2% non-professional. The mean age was 30 ± 9.7 years with extremes of 11 and 67 years. The main circumstances of AEB were needle stick (professional AEB) and rape (non-professional AEB). Prophylaxis with triple antiretroviral therapy has been prescribed to all patients.Conclusion: Non-professional and professional AEB are found in equivalent proportions in our series. Triple antiretroviral therapy was prescribed for all patients. Staff awareness policies could be developed to respect universal precautionary measures.