bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teachers' Assessment of ESL Students in Mainstream Classes: Challenges, Strategies, and Decision-Making
Authors: Milnes Terry , Cheng Liying
Published: May 2016

Given the increasing numbers of ESL students in Canadian classrooms, this study investigated how teachers of mainstream classes assess the written work of ESL students and whether they use different assessment strategies for ESL versus non-ESL students. Interviews were conducted with seven mainstream teachers from a private high school in Ontario. Although within-school variation was evident in the participants' approaches to assessing the work of both ESL and non-ESL students, most participants modified their assessment strategies when marking the work of ESL students. This finding suggests a need for school-level discussions and structured professional development activities relating to assessing ESL students' work.
Recognizing Visual and Auditory Cues in the Detection of Foreign-Language Anxiety
Authors: Gregersen Tammy
Published: May 2016

.This study examines whether nonverbal visual and/or auditory channels are more effective in detecting foreign-language anxiety. Recent research suggests that language teachers are often able to successfully decode the nonverbal behaviors indicative of foreign-language anxiety; however, relatively little is known about whether visual and/or auditory channels are more effective. To this end, a group of 36 preservice English-language teachers were asked to view videotaped oral presentations of seven beginning English-language learners under three conditions: visual only, audio only, and a combination of visual and audio in order to judge their foreign-language anxiety status. The evidence gathered through this study did not conclusively determine the channel though which foreign-language anxiety could be most accurately decoded, but it did suggest indicators in the auditory and visual modes that could lead to more successful determination of behaviors indicative of negative affect.
The Triunal Model of Anxiety and its Application to Anxiety Reduction in Learning and Teaching Environments
Authors: Bigdeli Shoaleh , Bai Heesoon
Published: May 2016

In this article we are calling for an interlayered and cross-dimensional approach to understanding and working with anxiety, especially as manifested in English as an additional language (EAL) teaching and learning environments. We aim to understand the phenomenon of anxiety from the multidimensional perspectives of physiology, psychology, and philosophy; to introduce what we call the Triunal Model of Understanding Anxiety; and based on this new understanding, to suggest how teacher education may help teachers to notice and work with anxiety in teaching-learning environments. Given the scope of what we propose, this article with its limited space affords only an initial synopsis and model-building exercise.
Integrating Form and Meaning in L2 Pronunciation Instruction
Authors: Isaacs Talia
Published: May 2016

One of the central challenges of ESL teaching is striking the right balance between form and meaning. In pronunciation pedagogy, this challenge is compounded because repetitive practice, which has been shown to enhance phonological acquisition and promote fluency, is widely viewed as being incompatible with communicative principles. This article provides a brief historical background for modern pronunciation pedagogy (from World War II to the present) as part of a backdrop for understanding the current disjuncture between pronunciation and communicative language teaching. A discussion on form-focused instruction, its applicability for pronunciation pedagogy, and challenges in implementation follows with reference to a recent article that presents evidence for the appropriateness of a communicative instructional framework for teaching L2 pronunciation (Trofimovich & Gatbonton, 2006). Finally, a communicative activity that encourages repetitive practice while integrating pronunciation with other components of language use is proposed.
Toward a Framework for Self-Regulated Language-Learning
Authors: Nakata Yoshiyuki
Published: May 2016

English is a compulsory subject in many secondary EFL classrooms; thus the questions that arise for teachers are how to motivate learners in general and how to help them come to appreciate the value of English learning activities in particular. This article is based on the premise that learners benefit not only from becoming intrinsically motivated in what they do, but also when they feel responsible for, and autonomous in, their own learning. These processes involve the notion of self-regulated learning. The purpose of this article is to explore how intrinsic motivation and self-regulated learning relate to each other at a theoretical level and to suggest a three-stage framework for the encouragement of self-regulated learning. The author suggests that the Needs Analysis can be an apt means of inquiring into learners’ previous language learning experiences and their preparedness for self-regulated language learning.
The Effect of Three Consecutive Context Sentences on EFL Vocabulary-Learning
Authors: Baleghizadeh Sasan , Naseh Nasrollahy Shahry Mohammad
Published: May 2016

Investigations into the role of context have often failed to find a positive role for this in vocabulary learning. This study, following a line of research concerned with the role of context, adds to the literature by examining the effect of three consecutive context sentences instead of one. Thirty-three Iranian EFL learners were asked to learn 20 challenging English words in two conditions. They encountered half of the words in three consecutive sample sentences plus their Farsi equivalents and the other half merely with their Farsi equivalents devoid of any context sentences. The results of both immediate and delayed post-tests revealed a positive role for context sentences in vocabulary learning. It is proposed that successful vocabulary learning through context sentences could be attributed to the mixed effects of both context and frequency of occurrence.
RC-MAPS: Bridging the Comprehension Gap in EAP Reading
Authors: Sterzik Angela Meyer , Fraser Carol
Published: May 2016

In academic environments, reading is assigned not simply to transmit information; students are required to take the information, and based on the task set by the instructor, assess, analyze, and critique it on the basis of personal experiences, prior knowledge, and other readings (Grabe, 2009). Thus text-based comprehension (Kintsch, 1998) alone is not sufficient for academic success. Top-down processing is also required; this involves applying prior knowledge to define purpose(s), to make and verify hypotheses, and to infer and question content (Macaro & Erler, 2008; Urquhart & Weir, 1991). Although research has given teachers direction regarding the approach to use when providing strategy instruction in their classrooms, it has been left to teachers to develop the specific teaching tools required. In this article, I propose Reading Comprehension MAP for Situation-based comprehension (RC-MAPS): an instructional technique that provides teachers with an easily modified tool to assist in developing interpretative comprehension skills among second-language readers in academic environments through the strategy of questioning.
Languages Without Borders: TESOL in a Transient World
Authors: Nero Shondel
Published: May 2016

In today’s transient world, where a continual multidirectional flow of people, goods, and services has deterritorialized languages and their users, languages, especially English, are now without borders. In this context, English language teaching (ELT) as a profession is called to a new task. In this article, I examine this task by asking the fundamental question: What does/should English-language teaching and learning look like in a world of languages without borders? I discuss the changing faces of English within and beyond the field of TESOL. I argue that the spread and natural evolution of English itself, combined with the transience in the population of English-language users, have forced a reexamination of the goals of English-language learning and teaching as well as a reconceptualization of the English language itself along with sacredly held paradigms in ELT.
La Problématique de l'Intégration des Ecoliers Haïtiens Au Milieu Scolaire Québécois
Authors: Kerlegrand Jean
Published: May 2016

This section features: (I) reactions of readers to articles and reviews published in the Journal and the replies of authors to whom the comments are addressed (if forthcoming) and (2) viewpoints and opinions expressed in the form of a report, commentary, or interview on issues or topics of current interest.
A Comparative Genre Study of Spoken English Produced by Chinese EFL Learners and Native English Speakers
Authors: Ye Lijuan
Published: May 2016

Previous research within the field of argumentation has established that argumen- tation plays an important role in a variety of professions. Written argumentation has been extensively explored and investigated to examine its various aspects, in- cluding argument structures and schemes, argumentative strength, the role of au- dience, the evaluation of argument, argumentative persuasiveness and force, and so on. It appears, however, that few studies have been carried out to address the issues of spoken argumentation. To fill the gap, this article attempts to compare elements of the spoken argumentative genre produced by Chinese EFL learners to those in their native English-speaking counterparts. Findings from the study show that the former group generally produced an exposition genre focusing on one side of the argument, whereas the latter group noted two or more sides of the argument in order to balance the issue. In addition, Chinese EFL learners tended to use a formulaic argument structure, whereas native English speakers used a more discursive pattern. Pedagogical implications and potential directions for future studies on spoken English argumentation are suggested in the conclusion.Des recherches antérieures dans le domaine de l’argumentation ont établi que cette capacité joue un rôle important dans diverses professions. L’argumentation par écrit a été intensément explorée et ses divers aspects bien étudiés, y compris la structure et les schémas, la force des arguments, le rôle du public, l’évaluation du raisonnement, le pouvoir de persuasion, et ainsi de suite. Toutefois, il semble que peu de recherches ont porté sur l’argumentation orale. Afin de combler cette lacune, cet article a comme objectif de comparer des éléments de l’argumentation orale d’apprenants chinois d’ALE à ceux de leurs homologues anglophones. Les résultats de l’étude indiquent que les premiers produisaient, de façon générale, un exposé traitant d’un côté de l’argument alors que les deuxièmes en évoquaient deux aspects ou plus de sorte à équilibrer la question. De plus, les apprenants chinois tendaient à employer une structure argumentative basée sur des formules tandis que les anglophones avaient recours à une structure plus discursive. La conclusion de l’article offre des incidences pédagogiques et des orientations pos- sibles pour la recherche portant sur l’argumentation orale en anglais.
Developing EAL Learners’ Intercultural Sensitivity Through a Digital Literacy Project
Authors: Galante Angelica
Published: May 2016

Language and culture are informally integrated in many English as an Additional Language (EAL) programs, but cultural discussions are often regarded from the perspective of a particular dominant culture. Although this integration is crucial for the development of communicative competence, practical applications are still challenging as language teachers tend to know more about linguistic items than cultural aspects (Celce-Murcia, 2007). This article describes a digital literacy project implemented with language learners in an adult EAL program. Using Bennett’s (1993) DMIS model for intercultural sensitivity, the project invited international students and newcomers to Canada to explore and expand on their understanding of intercultural relationships while studying in a multicultural EAL class. The learners engaged in 5 steps to complete the project (reflective discussion, script writing, video recording scenes, editing, and final reflection), with a short movie serving as the digital product. The digital literacy project is proposed as a potential tool for integrating intercultural sensitivity into EAL programs and engaging learners in discussions about diversity in cultural values, beliefs, and behaviours as a way to affirm their cultural and intercultural identities.Alors que plusieurs programmes d’anglais langue additionnelle (ALA) intègrent informellement la langue et la culture, les discussions portant sur la culture adoptent souvent le point de vue d’une culture dominante particulière. Bien que cette intégration soit cruciale pour le développement de la compétence communicative, les applications pratiques demeurent un problème de taille puisque les enseignants de langue ont généralement plus de connaissances relatives à la langue qu’à la culture (Celce-Murcia, 2007). Cet article décrit un projet d’initiation au numérique mis en œuvre auprès d’apprenants adultes dans un programme d’ALA. S’appuyant sur le modèle DMIS de Bennett (1993) de sensibilité interculturelle, le projet visait à encourager des étudiants internationaux et des nouveaux arrivants au Canada à approfondir leurs connaissances des rapports interculturels tout en poursuivant leur apprentissage dans une classe d’ALA multiculturelle. Les étudiants ont suivi les 5 démarches du projet (discussion de réflexion, rédaction de scénarios, enregistrement vidéo de scènes, édition et réflexion finale) pour arriver à la production d’un court-métrage. Nous proposons ce projet d’initiation au numérique comme outil pouvant appuyer l’intégration de la sensibilité interculturelle dans les programmes d’ALA et inciter les étudiants à discuter de diversité en matière de valeurs, croyances et comportements culturels afin d’affirmer leurs identités culturelles et interculturelles.
Sociocultural Theory, the L2 Writing Process, and Google Drive: Strange Bedfellows?
Authors: Slavkov Nikolay
Published: May 2016

This article draws on sociocultural theory and the process approach to writing as familiar and widely used elements of second language pedagogy that can be leveraged in interesting new ways through the use of digital technology. The focus is on a set of affordances offered by Google Drive, a popular online storage and document-sharing technology. On the assumption that dynamic collaboration with peers, teacher feedback, and authentic computer-mediated tasks contribute to the development of writing skills, Google Drive can be seen as an effective tool for meaningful and cost-effective technology-enriched instruction that entails po- tential advances in pedagogical practice. An overview of the app’s user-friendly interface is provided from a nonspecialist perspective, followed by a discussion of how one may go about organizing a writing course using the tool in a language lab or online. Specific examples of tasks used in ESL courses at a North American postsecondary institution are included. Cet article puise dans la théorie socioculturelle et l’approche à l’écriture par pro- cessus, des concepts bien connus et répandus en enseignement L2 et dont on peut tirer parti de façons innovatrices grâce à la technologie numérique. Notre étude porte sur les capacités de Google Drive, une technologie populaire qui permet le stockage en ligne et le partage de documents. Tenant comme acquis que la colla- boration dynamique avec les pairs, la rétroaction de la part des enseignants et les tâches authentiques assistées par ordinateur contribuent au développement des compétences en écriture, nous présentons Google Drive comme un outil tech- nologique efficace et rentable qui vient enrichir la pédagogie de l’enseignement authentique. Nous offrons un aperçu de l’interface conviviale de l’application du point de vue d’un non-spécialiste pour ensuite discuter de la façon d’organiser, dans un laboratoire d’informatique ou en ligne, un cours d’écriture avec Google Drive. Des exemples spécifiques de tâches employées dans des cours d’ALS dans une institution post-secondaire en Amérique du Nord sont présentés.
Teaching English as a Foreign Language in China
Authors: Keqiang Wang
Published: May 2016

The purpose of this paper is to share with international colleagues the history and status of TEFL in China, as well as methods or approaches to teaching English in Chinese middle schools, colleges and universities. Finally, the author discusses problems, solutions and overall objectives of TEFL in China today.
Meeting the Writing Needs of Advanced ESL Learners
Authors: Bertoldi Elizabeth
Published: May 2016

This article describes a multi-faceted approach to meeting the writing needs of advanced ESL learners enrolled in an intensive, full-time ESL program lasting sixteen weeks. The students are highly-motivated francophone managers and professionals who need to write memos, letters, reports, and other specialized material in English at work. Their writing is directed to employees, colleagues and superiors within a large bureaucracy, and to the public. The article examines the theoretical and practical principles on which the writing course was based. In addition, it describes how learners' needs are met through the use of authentic documents and through individual teacher-student consultations.
Vision in Context: The Situating of an ESL/EFL Curriculum
Authors: Suave Virginia
Published: May 2016

Language enables us to make meaning together, and at the same time, limits those meanings we can attempt to communicate to each other. ESL/EFL programs must have as their central intent the enabling of people to make meaning in English. Such programs occur within a context of culture, time, and a sociopolitical web of circumstance, and within. notions as to the meaning of education, of language and of culture. This overall context grounds the curriculum. Yet, as educators, we are also called with the learner to envision a better reality. What occurs in our classrooms does so within the tension between context and vision. Our decisions, or lack thereof, determine whether our curriculum is to reinforce injustices inherent in the status quo or to enable people to create more just, more joyful ways of being together within this country and within our world. This paper explores some of the dimensions of context and vision and the tensions which may exist between them; it endeavours to point the way to curriculum as human praxis.
On the Pedagogical Relevance of Strategic Competence
Authors: Paribakht Tahereh
Published: May 2016

This paper is a report on a study concerned with the identification of target language linguistic material essential for the learners' use of communication strategies (CS) in survival situations. Subjects were 40 adult ESL students and 20 native speakers of English. A concept-identification task was used to elicit these speakers' CS. Given that the taxonomy of CS developed in the study was based on the type of knowledge utilized by the speakers, it was possible to identify the semantic, as well as the typical syntactic patterns, required for their implementation. These linguistic manifestations of CS can serve as a basis for developing L2 teaching materials with the aim of preparing L2 learners to function successfully in problematic communication situations. An appropriate sequence for the presentation of such material is proposed based on the frequency of their application in the negotiation of meaning by the speakers in this study.
Language for Native, Ethnic, or Recent Immigrant Groups: What's the Difference?
Authors: Burnaby Barbara
Published: May 2016

This paper compares and contrasts conditions of language in education for Native people, recent immigrants, and other residents of Canada who identify strongly with linguistic roots other than English or French. The relationships among the Native, official, and minority languages and their speakers and learners are explored with respect to: (1) meeting needs for official language learning; (2) accommodating interest in supporting maintenance/revival of minority languages in order to strengthen the ethnic heritage of Canada; and (3) the need in Canada to exploit its linguistic resources. Conditions of language in education are described in terms of linguistic and ethnic contexts, geographic contexts, literacy contexts, and jurisdictional contexts. Implications are drawn regarding areas of potential collaboration among groups as well as areas in which the needs of a particular group must be given individual attention.
An EFL Needs Assessment: Chinese Students at a Canadian University
Authors: Sun Yilin
Published: May 2016

This paper analyzes the results of a survey of needs in English, completed by seventy Chinese visiting scholars and graduate students at a Canadian university. It is the first attempt to carry out a needs assessment among Chinese students in Canada by a Chinese. The analysis aims to answer the following questions: I) What aspects of English do Chinese students think they need most in order to succeed in Canada? 2) Do the perceived needs differ between Chinese visiting scholars and graduate students? 3) Are there significant differences in the needs of individuals in various professional fields? It is hoped that findings from this study will contribute to a more accurate understanding of the language needs of Chinese studying in Canada and to the improvement of English language programs in China and Canada.
Academic Listening and Lecture Notetaking for L1/L2 Students: The Need to Investigate the Utility of the Axioms of Good Notetaking
Authors: Dunkel Patricia
Published: May 2016

This review of the literature on lecture notetaking (l) delineates the avenues of past research concerning learning from L1 lectures as a function of L1 notetaking; (2) highlights the dearth of research concerning the processing of L2 lecture information by advanced foreign/second language learners; (3) outlines accepted axioms of good notetaking; and (4) suggests continued research to assess the utility of these axioms, and to explore further L2 lecture information processing.
Community Based ESL: An Assessment of a Federal Pilot Initiative
Authors: Burnaby Barbara
Published: May 2016

This article provides an overview of an assessment that TESL Canada undertook of Employment and Immigration Canada's pilot programme, the Settlement Language Training Program (198617). Ten projects in the programme in Ontario, Manitoba, and B.C. were studied. The programme was well received. Its community based delivery and the availability of babysitting and transportation supports were important to its success. Good needs assessment for outreach and curriculum proved to be critical. Special attention needs to be paid to the needs of learners with low levels of literacy. Implications for future initiatives of this type are drawn on the topics of needs assessments, decision making structures, delivery agencies, time-frames and funding levels, and programme models.
Validation Counselling: A catalyst for Learning to Make Appropriate Linguistic Choices
Authors: Borodkin Thelma L.
Published: May 2016

I will describe how I use validation counselling and consciousness raising in language teaching. The technique suggested here contains an affective component, addressing learners' feelings about the linguistic codes they use. Learners are also encouraged to take responsibility for their learning by making their own linguistic choices.
Content-based ESL in a Sheltered Psychology Course: Input, Output, and Outcomes
Authors: Burger Sandra
Published: May 2016

According to Krashen (1983), subject matter language teaching satisfies the three requirements for second language acquisition of his input hypothesis, namely: large doses of comprehensible input, a low affective filter situation and a silent period. Is this enough for development of productive skills at advanced proficiency levels? Could the language teacher make the process more efficient and if so, how? In the 1984-85 school year, advanced students in the special section of Introductory Psychology open only to ESL students were offered an optional three-credit academic English "Reading-to-Writing" component during the second term. Ten out of sixteen students qualified and registered for this course. They practised different types of writing and wrote critical reviews of simple articles from professional journals. At their request, they gave oral reports to the whole class. This paper will compare the writing and non-writing students' results on various proficiency measures to those of students in regular language classes and examine students' comments on the course and their perception of progress made in the course. It will consider the role of active intervention by the language teacher to require, monitor and otherwise guide student output and explore the question of when input leads to output and when the practice of output is required in the refinement of speaking and writing skills.
A snapshot of ESL students' integration patterns
Authors: Early Margaret
Published: May 2016

This study investigates the progress and achievement of a sample of forty ESL students in a large urban school district in Western Canada. The data for the study was gathered from official school records over a four-year period, personal files of the teachers and anecdotal reports from school personnel. The findings are summarized and statements concerning the implications for existing policy and provisions for ESL programmes are made.
The Other Side of the Desk: Experiencing Learning a New Language
Authors: Diffey Norman
Published: May 2016

The article discusses the comments of thirty in-service ESL teachers who participated in introductory lessons to an unknown language (Russian). The comments indicate high levels of anxiety and a need for security before and during instruction. Culturally conditioned needs such as the display of competence and control may influence these feelings with adults in particular. Various cognitive techniques employed to master the material as quickly as possible were sometimes highly idiosyncratic and seemed to reflect the need to retain control. In general, the participants evidently gained a number of practical insights into different aspects of classroom second-language instruction.
Developing Vocabulary by Integrating Language and Content
Authors: Dunbar Stephen
Published: May 2016

The following article outlines an approach to the teaching of vocabulary that encourages students to apply the cognitive skills that they use in their academic tasks to the learning of new vocabulary items. The approach is described as it was used with a class of secondary students who, although many are Canadian born, lack proficiency in the use of academic language. This approach reinforces higher cognitive thinking skills by having students classify new vocabulary items they have to learn, and then having them explain the principles behind the classification system they have chosen. By doing this, students are better able to visualize the relationships that exist amongst the words they are learning. As a result, the learning of vocabulary is integrated into a larger, more meaningful unit of language.
An Evaluation of a Student Resource Centre
Authors: Courchêne Bob
Published: May 2016

The use of Student Resource Centres to support L2 students' language learning is a very recent pedagogical innovation at the post-secondary level in language-teaching institutions in Canada. In this study the author reports very briefly on how to set one up and, then, goes on to survey student opinion on the role of self-directed learning in learning a second language. Information on topics such as type and suitability of material used, frequency of use, relation of self-study to classroom teaching gathered through a series of questionnaires and formal and informal interviews is analyzed and interpreted in a descriptive manner. The paper concludes with comments on the role of self-directed learning in L2 teaching and learning.
Walk the Doc Talk
Authors: Kiraly Tristan , Quinn Shelagh , Fyfe Janice , Kernerman Edith
Published: May 2016

There is limited research on interdisciplinary communication between lactation consultants (International Board Certified Lactation Consultant [IBCLC]) and other healthcare professionals. An online survey assessed how healthcare professionals (physicians, surgeons, and alternative practitioners) perceive lactation consultants and what language, forms of communication, and practices are helpful. Participants (N = 75) indicated mostly positive experiences. Negative experiences included lack of communication or dissatisfaction with experience or outcome. Breastfeeding terms were, on average, “somewhat clear,” and several were correlated with perceived adequacy of breastfeeding knowledge. Participants indicated that communications from lactation consultants should include a plan for follow-up, an outline of the safety and rationale for use of potentially unfamiliar treatments, and contact information. The preferred form of communication varied. Improving interdisciplinary communication and collaboration will likely result in better support for breastfeeding dyads.
Evidence Linking the Role of Placental Expressions of Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor‐γ and Nuclear Factor‐Kappa B in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia Associated With Periodontitis
Authors: Mahendra Jaideep , Parthiban Prathahini S. , Mahendra Little , Balakrishnan Anandan , Shanmugam Sambandham , Junaid Mohammed , Romanos Georgios E.
Published: May 2016

Background: Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)‐γ activation leads to suppression of production of a broad range of proinflammatory molecules. It plays a role in differentiation of trophoblasts and helps in normal placentation and formation of vascular exchange interface. Activation of nuclear factor‐kappa (NF‐κ) B triggers proinflammatory molecules inducing abnormal placentation and premature labor. This study aims to explore expression of PPAR‐γ and NF‐κB in placentas of women with periodontitis‐associated preeclampsia compared with that in normotensive pregnant women.

Methods: Fifty pregnant women were included. Twenty‐five were controls (normotensive pregnant women) and 25 were pregnant women with preeclampsia, including those with gestational hypertension. Demographic data, pregnancy characteristics, and periodontal parameters were recorded, including: 1) plaque index; 2) gingival index; 3) bleeding on probing (BOP); 4) probing depth; and 5) attachment loss (AL). Placental tissue samples were collected from both groups and analyzed to quantify expression of PPAR‐γ and NF‐κB using real‐time polymerase chain reaction.

Results: BOP and AL were significantly higher in pregnant women with preeclampsia compared with normotensive pregnant women (P <0.05). Expression of PPAR‐γ was downregulated in patients with preeclampsia compared with that of healthy normotensive patients, which was statistically significant (P <0.05), whereas NF‐κB was significantly activated (P <0.05) in pregnant women with preeclampsia compared with normotensive pregnant women.

Conclusions: Higher periodontal disease prevalence is found among pregnant women with preeclampsia, with increased percentage of sites with BOP and greater AL. This study provides novel information on host response to systemic inflammation induced by periodontal pathogens through mechanisms involving downregulation of PPAR‐γ and increased activation of NF‐κB.
PEMIKIRAN POLITIK HASAN AL-BANNA
Authors: Dewi Rusmala
Published: May 2016

Abstract: Hasan al Banna, one of Islamic prominent figures,
was born at the end of 20 tahun century. His ideas and
movement together with ikhwanul Muslimin had aroused
fighting spirit of Islamic society in order not be left behind.
Returning to the life inspired by al-quran and as sunnah is the
mission of the movement led by Hasan al Banna. Although this
Islamic renewal figure had passed away, his thoughts still exist
in Islamic society’s life. Therefore, Hasan al-Banna’s thoughts
will be discussed in this article especially his political ideas .

ملخص: ولد حسن البنا، واحدة من الشخصیات البارزة الإسلامیة ، في نھایة القرن
20 . قد أفكاره و الحركة جنبا إلى جنب مع" الإخوان والمسلمین" أثار الروح القتالیة
للمجتمع الإسلامي لكي لا أن تترك وراءھا. وبالعودة إلى الحیاة مستوحاة من آل القرآن
و السنة كما ھي مھمة الحركة التي یقودھا حسن البنا. على الرغم من أن ھذا الرقم
التجدید الإسلامي قد وافتھ المنیة، أفكاره لا تزال موجودة في الحیاة المجتمع الإسلامي.
لذلك، سیتم مناقشة الأفكار حسن البنا في ھذه المقالة خاصة أفكاره السیاسیة

Kata Kunci: Hasan al-Banna, Islam dan Politik.
L’avenir des sabliers. Sur des poèmes de Sélim Baghli et de Farid Laroussi
Authors: Popovic Pierre
Published: May 2016

Autant la poésie de Sélim Baghli peut être hachée, hésitante, inquiète d’elle-même, autant celle de Farid Laroussi frappe d’estoc, est assurée et ferme. Quand les vers de Baghli cooptent Verlaine, la prose de Laroussi affiche plus d’une accointance avec celle de Rimbaud. Cet article ne se propose pas de produire un brillant paradoxe à la manière des critiques littéraires vaporeux, mais d’essayer de comprendre comment des poèmes de Baghli et de Laroussi, en mettant à leur manière en scène un sujet qui résiste aux ravages du passé tout en étant dans le temps de l’après-coup, se trouvent plus ou moins travaillés par le thème de « l’Algérie malgré tout ».As much as Sélim Baghli’s poetry can be choppy, faltering, and self-conscious, Farid Laroussi’s is direct, self-assured and firm. Where Baghli’s verses co-opt Verlaine, Laroussi’s prose has a clear link to Rimbaud. This article does not attempt to illuminate an obvious paradox in the hazy style of literary critique, but instead it attempts to understand how the poems of Baghli and Laroussi portray, in their own way, a subject that resists the ravages of the past all the while existing in the post-coup era, finding themselves more or less shaped by the theme of “Algeria in spite of it all.”
Conversation avec Ramzy Bensaadi, photographe
Authors: Bensaadi Ramzy , Maazouzi Djemaa
Published: May 2016

n/a
“Rational, Emotional, Affective Learning” and the Use of Innovative Methods in Foreign Language Teaching
Authors: Frascà Paolo
Published: May 2016

Foreign language didactics is a field which, notwithstanding the many centuries of application and development, is still very methodologically problematic. Statistics clearly show that, in certain countries, the educational system provides foreign language instruction that is not apt and does not deliver effective linguistic competence; a few methods, however, have been developed to contravene this problem. In the specific case of Italy, a country which is renowned for its general monolingualism, Associazione Culturale Linguistica Educational (ACLE) has developed an innovative language teaching method (Rational, Emotional, Affective Learning) to attempt to fill the lacunae of the Italian school system, especially in regards to the teaching of English as a foreign language. This paper seeks to briefly outline the REAL method and its applications, describe its affinity to didactic and cognitive theories, and speculate on its potential effectiveness.
Osteocondroma do côndilo mandíbular: relato de caso
Authors: Lima e Silva Henrique Celestino , Modes Ricardo Wagner , Barbeiro Roberto Henrique , Miranda Sérgio Luís de , Moreno Roberto
Published: May 2016

A assimetria facial, mais propriamente a assimetria mandibular, está relacionada com diversos fatores etiológicos. Estes passam por fatores de ordem congênita e de desenvolvimento ou fatores de ordem adquirida. Osteocondroma de côndilo mandibular é raro na região craniofacial. Este artigo descreve um caso de osteocondroma de côndilo mandibular em uma mulher de 27 anos que foi encaminhada ao nosso serviço apresentando assimetria facial, desvio de mento, mordida cruzada para o lado contralateral, alterações na morfologia do côndilo, limitação de abertura bucal e má-oclusão. Devido à base no exame clínico, histórico do paciente e exames complementares, foi estabelecida uma hipótese de osteocondroma. Um procedimento de condilectomia utilizando abordagem pré-auricular com uma total remoção da lesão foi executado.Descritores: Osteocondroma; Côndilo Mandibular; Assimetria Facial.
Negligência no autocuidado em saúde: a imunização contra a hepatite B na Odontologia
Authors: Garbin Artênio José Isper , Wakayama Bruno , Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba
Published: May 2016

A hepatite B é considerada como um dos principais problemas na saúde pública, devido sua alta virulência e cronicidade em escalas mundiais. Os profissionais da saúde, incluindo os cirurgiões-dentistas, tornam-se vulneráveis aos riscos de infecção a essa doença, devido sua exposição às atividades ocupacionais, assim como, pelos riscos de acidentes com perfurocortantes. Dessa maneira, medidas protetivas, como a imunização contra a hepatite B, são consideradas além de uma prerrogativa profissional, uma atitude de autocuidado em saúde. O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a hepatite B, enfatizando a problemática “A imunização dos cirurgiões-dentistas contra o vírus da hepatite B e seus fatores associados”. Para a coleta dos estudos científicos, foram consultadas as bases de dados: Pubmed, Scielo, Bireme e Medline, sem restrição de data e língua. Para a seleção dos estudos, foi realizada a leitura prévia dos títulos e eleitos aqueles a partir dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Fizeram parte da revisão 16 artigos datados de 1978 a 2015, com a população do estudo composta por cirurgiões-dentistas, e tipo de intervenção realizada no conhecimento e atitude desses profissionais frente ao tema imunização. Verificou-se que a cobertura vacinal e imunização contra o vírus da hepatite B ainda é uma atitude deficiente entre os cirurgiões-dentistas. Os fatores associados a essa problemática, devem ser discutidos em estudos futuros, dada sua importância nas implicações clínicas odontológicas. Além disso, o conscientizar e a valoração do autocuidado em saúde são pontos essenciais que devem ser considerados para uma atividade profissional responsável.Descritores: Odontologia; Odontólogos: Vacina contra Hepatite B; Imunização.
Displasia cemento-óssea florida: relato de caso
Authors: Moreti Lucieni Cristina Trovati , Barbosa Pedro Augusto Caetano , Boer Nilton César Pezati , Fernandes Karina Gonzales Câmara , Ogata Mitsuru
Published: May 2016

Lesões fibro-ósseas benignas são caracterizadas pela substituição do tecido ósseo normal por tecido conjuntivo fibroso celular com conteúdo calcificado variando distribuição e volume. A displasia cemento-óssea florida não tem etiologia definida, prevalecendo em mulheres negras de meia idade a idosas. Pode se expandir bilateralmente, mostra-se restrita aos maxilares e envolve a região periapical dos dentes com vitalidade pulpar. Na maioria dos casos a lesão é descoberta entre os 30 e 50 anos de idade durante exames radiográficos de rotina, pois geralmente é assintomática.  O propósito deste trabalho é o relato de caso clínico de mulher negra de 40 anos de idade, que procurou a Clínica Odontológica da Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco (Unicastelo) - Campus de Fernandópolis, para tratamento endodôntico. Ao exame radiográfico inicial verificou-se lesão de aspecto misto na região de periápice do dente 46, mostrando calcificação densa, circunscrita, cercada por halo radiotransparente estreito e ausência de expansão da cortical óssea. A radiografia panorâmica mostrou imagem mista (radiolúcida com área radiopaca) bilateral, em ambas as arcadas, simétrica e não circunscrita. Os dentes se mostravam hígidos, sem aumento de volume na região e com vitalidade. Considerando a presença das lesões em ambas as arcadas, o diagnóstico inicial foi displasia cemento-óssea florida, sendo o mesmo ratificado por meio das características clínicas e radiográficas. Como tratamento nenhum procedimento cirúrgico foi adotado. Foi instituído o acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico. Ressalta-se com esse caso clínico a importância dos exames complementares por imagem no auxilio do diagnóstico das lesões fibro-ósseas que acometem a cavidade bucal e podem não apresentar sintomatologia.Descritores: Doenças de Desenvolvimento Ósseo; Diagnóstico por Imagem; Doenças Maxilomandibulares.
Pengaruh Iklim Psikologis terhadap Komitmen Afektif yang Berdampak pada OCB Karyawan di PT. Petrokimia Gresik
Authors: Logahan Jerry Marcellius , Rahman Harsya
Published: May 2016

Seeing the considerably high increased in the growth of fertilizer industries in Indonesia, the company in the line business of fertilizer will have a lot of challenges and it needs to be handled in extra energy, especially the human resources of the company. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of psychological climate on affective commitment that impact on OCB (Organizational Citizenship Behavior) of the employees at PT. Petrokimia Gresik. Respondents in this study were the employees of PT. Petrokimia Gresik of 103 respondents. Data were analyzed by using analysis techniques of SEM -PLS (Partial Least Square). The results of this study indicate that there is an influence between employees’ psychological perceptions and organizational citizenship behavior of employees directly or indirectly through affective commitment. Advice that can be given to the company is to improve the psychological perceptions of the employees therefore it will increase the affective commitment that will give impact to the improvement of employees’OCB of PT. Petrokimia Gresik.
Analisis Pengaruh Goal Orientation dan Work Motivation terhadap Work Role Innovation dengan Self-Leadership sebagai Mediator; Studi pada Perusahaan Media (PT. Surya Citra Televisi)
Authors: Masruroh Masruroh , Sasriya Andana
Published: May 2016

This research has an aim to discover an understand the influence of Goal Orientation and Work Motivation against Work Role Innovation through Self-leadership at PT. Surya Citra Televisi. PT. Surya Citra Televisi engaged in TV broadcasting sector. To see the influence of Goal Orientation and Work Motivation against Work Role Innovation through Self-leadership, this research use a quantitative approach where questionaire used to collect data from a total of 150 employees correspondent and the research method used is path analysis. This analysis is used to determine how much influence of variables Goal Orientation and Work Motivation to Work Role Innovation through Self-leadership at PT. Surya Citra Televisi. The result found in this research is Goal Orientation does influence significantly to Work Role Innovation at PT. Surya Citra Televisi. Work Motivation does influence significantly to Work Role Innovation at PT. Surya Citra Televisi. The indirect influence of Goal Orientation and Work Motivation through Self-leadership against Work Role Innovation is weak while Self-leadership shows strong influence if it acts as an independent variable. Bacause of that, Selfleadership will be more accurate if it acts as an independent variable along with Goal Orientation and Work Motivation.
Production Management in SME's Industry: Case Study of CV Wiracana
Authors: Suci Apriani Kurnia , Hidayat Desman , Bharata Andhi
Published: May 2016

Production Management is the act of designing, operating, and improving the productive systems – a system for getting the work done. Along the process, the synergy in between machineries, facilities and people could empower the sustainable of the production. In fact, for some cases, the implementation of unique system is needed for the production process. The example for this transformation production management is in the case of CV Wiracana, a handmade manufacturing company for folding hand fans from Bali. CV Wiracana's products are very unique, combined from mass production for the speed and an art for the custom made product. At one side, the market forces them to speed up the production and for this purpose, they must set up the new system on their production line. On the other side, the masterpiece also needs to be produced without jeopardizing mass production line schedule. The transformation production system needs to be done no later than 2015 as the urgency to fulfill the customer demand, business growth, compete in the industry and sustainability. The changes are expected to improve the production at least about 20% or doubled from the current production.
The Influence of Bi Rate to the Distribution of Working Capital Loans
Authors: Kurnianingrum Dian
Published: May 2016

This research “The influence of BI rate to the distribution of working capital loans" is conducted at Indonesian commercial bank during the month of January 2005 until May 2009. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of BI rate toward the distribution of working capital loans. To test the research hypotheses, the data were analyzed by using Pearson correlate and simple linear regression. Based on research, BI rate significantly influence the distribution of working capital loans. BI rate gives a negative impact to the distribution of working capital loans. It means, the increase in BI rate will decrease the distribution of working capital loans, and vice versa, the decrease in BI rate will increase the distribution of working capital loans.
Assessing Financial Condition of Municipal Sports Agencies: A Data Benchmarking Approach
Authors: García-Unanue Jorge , L. Felipe José , del Corral Julio , Gallardo Leonor
Published: May 2016

This study analyzes the development of the financial condition of local decentralized public sports services over a period of 10 years, obtaining benchmarks to serve as a point of reference. In order to do this, the elements of flexibility, independence, and sustainability are analyzed through three indicators in 2,139 observations obtained from municipal sports service organi-zations in Spain from 2002 to 2011. The majority of the organizations show results that are theoretically adequate in terms of flexibility and sustainability, but not independence. For this reason, the statistics presented can be used as a point of reference in order to classify the organizations in the sector according to their financial performance.
Are NBA Policies that Promote Long-Term Competitive Balance Effective? What is the Price?
Authors: del Corral Julio , García-Unanue Jorge , Herencia-Quintanar Fernando
Published: May 2016

This paper examines competitive balance in the most prominent basketball league in the world: the NBA. Two types of graphs are used. First, long-term competitive balance is studied based on actual positions achieved by the teams on the Regu-lar Season. On the other hand, the competitive balance levels for each season are analyzed using sport betting odds data and through the use of two alternative strategies. In the first approach, density functions for the number of victories for all teams within a season are known, whereas in the second approach, a kernel density function of team winning probability is deter-mined for each season. Thus, a prospective competitive balance analysis is conducted. The study period covers seasons 1993-94 and 2011-12. The results suggest that long-term competitive balance levels are high, as many teams change their classifications. At season level, competitive balance seems to improve along the period studied. However, there are still too many differences between the teams in the same season.