bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The System of Public Authorities of the Russian Federation: Concept, Characteristics, Interaction
Authors: Kobzar-Frolova М. N.
Published: October 2021

The entry into force of the Law of the Russian Federation on the amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the qualitative changes that were made to the text of the latter led to legislative activity. Laws were adopted, reflecting the changes made to the text of the Constitution, and containing new and / or little-studied terms, concepts, phenomena. Special attention of scientists and researchers was attracted by the Federal Law “On the State Council of the Russian Federation”, which came into force in December 2020, which for the first time legalized such terms as “public power”, “unified system of public power”, etc. The position is also of interest, expressed in the conclusion of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation dated March 16, 2020 No. 1-З in connection with the request of the President of the Russian Federation. It became necessary to give explanations and Author’s comments on the positive law of the country caused by these novelties. The term “public authority” is not a novelty for Russian legal science, but it has not been widely studied, and in connection with legislative changes it acquires new qualities, characteristics that need explanation and justification. The legislator provides an extensive definition of these terms. This makes it necessary to comprehend their essence, highlight the main elements of the public power system and demonstrate their political and legal ties, as well as the forms of interaction that take place in the public law regulation of relations between the subjects (elements) of a unified system of public power. Purpose: to investigate the essence of the concepts of “public power”, “unified system of public power”, to identify the characteristic features of the concept of “unified system of public power”. Among the main tasks: to show the political and legal ties and forms of interaction that arise between the subjects (elements) of a single system of public authority. Methods: logical, analytical, comparative legal, dialectical methods, allowing to reveal the essence, internal connections and the ratio of concepts enshrined in the federal law “On the State Council of the Russian Federation”, to reveal the features of a unified system of public authority. Results: state authorities are listed that correspond to the characteristics specified by the legislator, political and legal ties and forms of interaction that arise between the subjects (elements) of a unified system of public authority are identified, conclusions corresponding to the study are drawn.
Codification Problems of Legislation on Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population of the Russian Federation
Authors: Sakhno A. I.
Published: October 2021

The current problems of administrative-legal regulation in the field of health protection and ensuring the sanitary-epidemiological well-being of the population of the Russian Federation are investigated, eurrent trends in its development and problems of systematization are considered. Based on the analysis of statistieal data and the practice of applying international legal acts regulating the issues of interaction in the field of preventing the spread of dangerous infectious diseases, the conclusions and recommendations of the World Health Organization and other international organizations, proposals are formulated for further improvement of national legislation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, methods are proposed its systematization and options for possible codification. The features of the mechanism of administrative and legal regulation of relations that develop during the implementation of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the conditions of the spread of dangerous diseases are analyzed. A new model for the development of sectoral legislation in the field of sanitary and epidemiological welfare is proposed, based on modern criteria and principles of systematization of regulatory legal acts that ensure sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population and protection of public health. The main versions of draft model laws in the form of codified legal acts aimed at improving the activities of executive authorities and their officials performing the functions of state regulation and sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the studied sphere of relations are submitted for discussion.
Nullity of Administrative Acts: Grounds, Legal Regime, Discretion
Authors: Sherstoboev O. N.
Published: October 2021

The issues of criteria for the nullity of administrative acts are considered, the ratio of an illegal and invalid act, as well as a null and void act, analyzed, the possibility of administrative discretion in determining an invalid administrative act is analyzed, the role of vague legal concepts when an administrative act is declared invalid is demonstrated. The Author uses a comparative legal method, including the analysis of the practice of Germany, Great Britain, South Africa, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Russia and other countries. Special attention is paid to the laws on administrative procedures adopted in the post-Soviet territory and the influence of the German doctrine on this process. It is concluded that for the continental legal order the most preferable way to formalize the criteria for the invalidity of an administrative act are laws on administrative procedures or their analogs, while in the common law states, legal doctrine and judicial practice are of great importance. At the same time, many countries avoid recognizing acts as null and void, preferring the construction of their voidability. This is related to ensuring the stability of public administration, the predictability of administrative activities, and the protection of legitimate expectations. In any case, the theory of the reality of the administrative act is prevailing, and nullity is rather viewed as an anomaly. Therefore, only acts that are adopted with the most significant violations, which do not allow talking about the fair consequences of their adoption, are considered invalid. The illegality of an act does not automatically entail its nullity. A similar trend can be traced in Russia, although individual norms of law and practice of courts indicate the possible formation of a doctrine of the invalidity of an administrative act in the Russian legal system. Insignificant acts do not give rise to consequences from the moment of their adoption, legally they do not exist, and nothing can generate anything. With this approach, the courts only fix the criterion of invalidity without a dispute about law. Insignificant acts should be distinguished from contested ones, the latter may turn out to be illegal, but for a number of reasons (for example, protection of trust) the fact of their existence is confirmed along with their consequences.
Modern Approaches to Understanding the Administrative Process as a Result and the Basis for the Development of Domestic Administrative Procedural Legislation
Authors: Kaplunov A. I.
Published: October 2021

The article provides an overview and analysis of modern approaches to understanding the administrative process as a sectoral type of legal process that have developed in domestic theory, taking into account the changes that have occurred in the procedural legislation of the Russian Federation over the past three decades after the collapse of the USSR in 1991. The process is classified as follows: complex on a jurisdictional basis; integrative; complex on the basis of managerial, judicial. Particular attention is paid to the critical analysis of the judicial approach to understanding the administrative process, the reasons for the disagreements of its supporters, firstly, with representatives of the science of civil procedural law regarding the determination of the procedural nature of administrative proceedings, and, secondly, with specialists in administrative law regarding the denial of the presence of administrative-procedural forms of activity of subjects of public administration and attempts thereby to disavow the domestic doctrine of the administrative process. The methodology for studying the nature of procedural activity is based on the analysis of the sectoral subject of legal regulation and three types of a unified method of substantive regulation (civil, administrative and criminal), the implementation channels of which are varieties of legal process in the form of civil, administrative and criminal process which are based on an adversarial or investigative type of jurisdictional process, or a law-granting type of legal process. This methodological approach made it possible: 1) to establish the sectoral procedural nature of administrative proceedings, which is determined not by the subject of a “dispute about law”, but by the method of legal regulation, represented by the civil law type of regulation of public relations, the implementation channel of which is an adversarial type of jurisdictional legal process, which is its nature as a civil process; 2) to identify the shortcomings of the model of administrative proceedings enshrined in Russian legislation, the essence of which is that an adversarial type of jurisdictional process intended for judicial protection of a person who has suffered from the actions of an official and, acting as a plaintiff in the case, is applied to persons who have violated the established prohibitions and restrictions, or committed administrative offenses and acting in the case as a defendant; 3) to substantiate the presence in the structure of the administrative process of procedural forms of activity of subjects of public administration as a channel for the implementation of the administrative-legal type of regulation of public relations and determine the list of administrative proceedings.
Pseudo-morphogenesis in the shells of the Silurian brachiopods
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Katkova V.I. , Beznosova T.M. , Filippov V.N.
Published: October 2021

The analysis of paleontological data, the study of mineral matter transformation involving live organisms in various rocks is important for the understanding of the events of the geological past. The aim of this work is to identify the bio-genic factor in the process of pseudo-morphogenesis in the shell sashes of the Early Silurian brachiopods from the car-bonate rocks of the Chernyshev Ridge. Structural and microscopic methods (Shimadzu XRD 6000; Fourier spectrometer InfraLum FT-02; JSM 6400 JEOL; VEGA3 TESCAN; MIN-8) were used to study quartz pseudomorphoses in the sashes of four shells of the Early Silurian brachiopods Borealis sр. of Pentamerida order from the carbonate strata of the Chernyshev Ridge. The salicification of the brachiopod shell walls resulted in the complete replacement of the original carbonate skeleton with a change in its structural organization. It is established that quartz is the main mineral component of the intra-shell material and secondary dolomite crystals and newly formed calcite aggregates. The paper discusses the participation of Early Paleozoic and modern cyanobacterial symbionts in the replacement of primary calcite with quartz and the formation of quartz crystalline aggregates on the shell walls. It is shown that quartz on the surface of shell sashes and in the intra-shell substance of brachiopods has undergone repeated transformations due to the combination of ancient and modern weathering processes.
Petrogeochemical characteristics of mafite-ultramafite rocks of the southern part of the Marunkeu block (Polar Urals)
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Ulyasheva N.S. , Udoratina O.V.
Published: October 2021

In the Polar Urals, in the Central and Western tectonic zones, small bodies of mafic-ultramafic rocks are widespread. Their age, petrographic and geochemical features are poorly studied. The paper presents the results of petrographic and petro-geochemical study of muscovite-albite-epidote-amphibole and pyroxene-amphibole-chlorite rocks of the southern part of the Marunkeu block of the Polar Urals, localized in the Middle Riphean sediments of the Nyarovey series and presumably belonging to the Ampelshor complex (O1-2). The primary composition of metamorphites corresponded to high-magnesian, low-titanic, low-alumina, and potassium-sodium tholeiitic hornblende gabbro-dolerites (dolerites) and peridotites formed either from primary magmas melted at the level of the spinel facies from the depleted mantle under the influence of an aqueous fluid, or by intra-chamber differentiation. In terms of the contents of rare and rare-earth elements, they differ from continental riftogenic formations (in particular, dolerites of the Orangyugan-Lemva complex) and are close to the tholeiites of the ensimatic island arcs.
Genetic types of inter-morainic fluvial deposits in the north of the Pechora lowland
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Isakov V.A.
Published: October 2021

Quaternary deposits of the Far North attract the attention of researchers, starting from the first stages of the development of geological science. They are represented by a wide range of rocks, the genetic interpretation of which is not always unambiguous, which in some cases leads to the erroneousness of paleogeographic reconstructions. Understanding the lithogenesis processes in the polar zone conditions is necessary for the correct interpretation of the genesis of the Neo-Plei-stocene deposits, the restoration of the paleogeo-graphic conditions of their formation. It is im-portant to compare the lithological characteristics of the deposits in the northwest and northeast of the Bolshezemels-kaya tundra, since their formation is associated with different sources of material removal. A lithological study and facies-genetic dissection of fluvial sediments in the northwest and northeast of the Bolsheze-melskaya tundra were carried out. On the basis of the genetic diagram (the graph of the dependence of the average grain diameter (dcp) and the sorting coefficient (Sc)), it was found that alluvial, fluvioglacial, lacustrine and marine sediments were distinguished in the Kuya River basin, and alluvial, fluvioglacial and marine sediments – in the Padymeityvis River basin. The features of the identified genetic types of fluvial deposits are revealed based on the study of their textural characteristics, granulometric and mineral compositions.
Mineral resources of the Vorkuta region and the prospects of their development
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Kuznetsov S.K. , Burtsev I.N. ,   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Tarbaev M.B. ,   JSC”Kominedra”, Timonina N.N. ,   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Shaibekov R.I. ,   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS
Published: October 2021

The analysis of the state and prospects for the development of the mineral resource base of the Vorkuta region of the Komi Republic, belonging to the Arctic zone, was carried out. It is shown that the coking coal deposits of the Pechora basin, the development of which is the basis for the existence of the city of Vorkuta, were and still are the most impor-tant ones. The reserves of coking coal are significant, however, the supply of them to operating mining enterprises is becoming more and more limited. To maintain and develop coal mining, it is necessary to build new mines. Along with the coal deposits, the Vorkuta region is of great interest in relation to other minerals. In the Kosyu-Rogovsk and Koro-taikha depressions, there are potential oil and gas-bearing structures, on the western slope of the Polar Urals – barite deposits, gold, chromium and copper occurrences, deserving further geological study and prospecting works. For a more complete disclosure and development of the mineral resource potential of the Vorkuta region, the extension of transport infrastructure is of great importance. The implementation of plans for the construction of railways, access to the Northern Sea Route, can contribute, in particular, to increasing the volume of coal production and wider supplies of coal using sea transport, and raising the investment attractiveness of the Arctic territories.
Effects of resistance exercise and dance in the functionality of lower limbs in the older adult of INAPAM´s senior clubs
Authors: Guerrero-Pérez Leticia del Rosario
Published: October 2021

Determinar el efecto de una rutina de ejercicios de resistencia y baile en miembros inferiores de adultos mayores no institucionalizados, cognitivamente íntegros, funcionales para actividades básicas de la vida diaria, sin riesgo de caídas. Material y métodos: Estudio cuasi-experimental, se determinó el efecto de una intervención sobre un grupo único, constituido por 26 personas AM de 60 años considerando criterios de inclusión y de no inclusión. Se utilizó el Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire; la Escala de Katz y la Escala de Tinetti. La información obtenida fue analizada en dos fases, descriptiva e inferencial. En la primera fase, se obtuvieron tablas de distribución de frecuencias así como medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión para todas las variables, según se trató de variables cualitativas o cuantitativas, respectivamente. En la segunda fase, se evaluó el efecto de la intervención comparando los promedios de trofismo, fuerza muscular y de arcos de movimientos, individuales y grupales pre- y post intervención.
Evaluación del cumplimiento de la norma para la transfusión de sangre en un hospital de Costa Rica.
Authors: Bermúdez Zeidy Maria Vargas
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Evaluar la aplicación de la normativa de transfusión de componentes sanguíneos por parte de los profesionales de enfermería en un hospital público que pertenece a la seguridad social, en el segundo semestre del año 2016.
Materiales y Métodos: El estudio es de enfoque cuantitativo, transversal/retrospectivo. Se revisaron los expedientes, de personas transfundidas con componentes sanguíneos, para un total de 263 transfusiones. los criterio de inclusión son transfusiones efectuadas por profesionales de enfermería en los usuarios hospitalizados. Como criterio de exclusión se determinó las transfusiones ejecutadas en los servicios de tránsito y realizadas por otros profesionales en salud. Las variables a estudiar están relacionadas con los lineamientos establecidos en la normativa institucional para administración sanguínea en las tres etapas del proceso transfusional (pre, trans y post.). Los datos fueron incluidos en la base de datos de Survey Monkey, se utilizó estadística descriptiva para el análisis de los mismos.
Resultados: Se destaca que se incumplen uno o varios aspectos relacionados con las actividades antes, durante y posterior al acto transfusional tanto clínicas y administrativas contempladas en la normativa institucional.
Conclusión: La investigación evidencia debilidades en la totalidad de transfusiones evaluadas en el estudio, por lo que se requiere capacitación y supervisión sobre el procedimiento correcto de transfusión de componentes sanguíneos; a fin de asegurar el debido cumplimiento de la normativa, de manera que se garantice la seguridad en la atención del usuario y se proteja legalmente a los profesionales involucrados en el proceso transfusional.
Costo-efectividad incremental del palivizumab en prematuros en la Seguridad Social de Costa Rica. 2010-2017
Authors: Jiménez Herrera Luis Guillermo , Collado Herrera Manuel , Gálvez González Ana María
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: estimar la eficiencia mediante el análisis costo efectividad incremental de la terapia con palivizumab contra la práctica clínica habitual en el período 2010-2017.
Metodología: se realizó una evaluación económica completa del tipo costo efectividad y el horizonte temporal fue de un año (sin tasa de descuento), se realizó el estudio desde la perspectiva de la Seguridad Social, se incluyeron siete hospitales y las variables de efectividad se seleccionaron a partir de la información disponible en la literatura científica, los costos se expresaron en dólares americanos para cada año. Se realizó el análisis árbol de decisiones con los datos agrupados y el análisis costo efectividad medio e incremental, de sensibilidad al considerar la edad gestacional como variable clasificadora. Se consideraron los principios éticos pertinentes.
Resultados: se encontraron datos de 200 prematuros con palivizumab y 206 sin la administración del tratamiento. El análisis del árbol de decisiones mostró un costo efectividad incremental de US$1.799. El costo efectividad medio fue más alto en prematuros con palivizumab y el costo efectividad incremental en el sub grupo 32-35 semanas resultó el más costo efectivo. Al intervalo de confianza del 90 y 95%, el rango del valor promedio del costo total del tratamiento es amplio por lo que el costo es sensible al cambio.
Conclusiones: el palivizumab es más costo efectivo en prematuros de 32-35 semanas de edad gestacional.
AUTOMATION OF WORK ORGANIZATION SUPPORT SERVICES FOR USERS OF AUTOMATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OF TRANSPORTATION COMPANIES
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Kokorev D. S. , Sidorenko V. G. ,   Russian University of Transport (МIIT), Khromov S. K. ,   Russian University of Transport (МIIT)
Published: October 2021

The article discusses a way to automate the organization of the work of the support service for users of automated control systems (ACS) of transport enterprises. In the context of digitalization, constant improvement, expanding the functionality of such automated control systems, and an increase in the number of their users, the urgency of the problem is beyond doubt. The work of the support service for users of the automated control system of transport enterprises is presented as a queuing system. The possibility of using various methods to solve the problem is analyzed. A description of the work of the support service, methods of forming its departments are given. The incidents she deals with are classified. An algorithm for the formation of support service departments has been developed. It is proposed to solve this problem using a genetic algorithm. The algorithm and the concepts that characterize it are adapted to achieve the goal stated in the article. Crossover variants are presented that can be used by the genetic algorithm to solve various classes of problems. With the help of the developed software, modeling of the organization of the work of the support service was carried out using the algorithm for the distribution of employees. A comparative analysis of the results of modeling the work of departments with various methods of their formation, including those obtained using a genetic algorithm, has been carried out. The analysis showed the effectiveness of the use of the genetic algorithm when planning the work of the relevant departments. The possibility of adapting the developed algorithm for planning the work of personnel involved in the technical maintenance of the infrastructure of urban rail transport systems has been demonstrated. This task is similar to that considered in this article, since in many cases it becomes necessary or possible to use employees with different competencies to perform only one type of work.
SYNTHESIS OF FULLY SELF-CHECKED SCHEMES BUILT-IN CONTROL BASED ON POLYNOMIAL CODES FOR COMBINATION LOGIC DEVICES
Authors:   Tashkent State Transport University, Abdullaev R. B.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the methods of production of functional control systems for logic combinational circuits with full detection of any single faults using the error detection properties of polynomial codes. A classification of special generators of polynomials that form codes with a small value of the control vector length and complete identification of errors of a certain type or multiplicity is presented. A method is presented for constructing a functional control system with complete identification of single faults based on the complete detection of triple errors by polynomial codes. Algorithms for the search and formation of controllable H1-, H2- and H3-groups of circuit outputs, taking into account the properties of polynomial codes, have been developed. The types of functional dependence of the operating outputs for combinational circuits are listed, in which errors of various types can occur. Based on the detection of any symmetric and asymmetric errors by polynomial codes, a method is presented for the constructionof functional control systems with full identification of these type of errors. For an approximate scheme, the development of a functional control system based on the proposed methods is given as:-
RESEARCH OF PECULIARITIES OF ERROR DETECTION ON THE OUTPUTS OF PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS WITH FUNCTIONAL CONTROL BASED ON MODULAR CODES WITH SUMMATION
Authors:   Russian University of Transport, Moscow, Pashukov A. V.
Published: October 2021

The article provides examples of the use of programmable logic integrated circuits in various industries. Possible faults in FPGA blocks and their difference from faults in programmable logic arrays are described. Particular attention is paid to the failures of the LUT element. Features of the organization of technical diagnostics systems operating in the operating mode of the objects of diagnostics for combinational logic devices, implemented on the basis of programmable logic integrated circuits are described. Using the example of modular summation codes, it is shown that the known approaches to organizing such systems for devices implemented on a valve basis can be directly applied to devices of the type under consideration. Since malfunctions in the form of errors are recorded, and not the malfunctions themselves, the approaches to the organization of diagnostic systems are universal. It also provides a comparative characteristic of modular sum codes depending on the code module. A code has been proposed that will detect all faults in the example under study.
Além da forma-movimento: compilações do Movimento dos Pequenos Agricultores
Authors: Carvalho Priscila Delgado de
Published: October 2021

Criado em meados da década de 1990, o Movimento dos Pequenos Agricultores foi inicialmente conhecido por suas demandas por crédito e por habitação rural. Ao longo dos anos, o MPA propôs também debates sobre o campesinato no Brasil, formulou ou ressignificou conceitos como alimergia e sistemas camponeses de produção, engajou-se em debates sobre políticas públicas, criou cooperativas e estruturou um Plano Camponês que orienta sua ação. O artigo reúne elementos da trajetória do MPA argumentando que a forma-movimento é sua primeira face visível, mas o MPA também construiu outros modos de compilar. Entre elas, a produção de conceitos em estreito diálogo com a academia e com debates de origem transnacional e a estruturação de projetos produtivos.
Development of a model for the spread of COVID-19 in urban agglomerations
Authors: Ponomarev Roman Lvovich , Sudakov Vladimir Anatolievich , Sivakova Tatiana Vladimirovna , Ententeev Aidar Rinatovich , Eskin Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: October 2021

The outbreak of the coronavirus infection COVID-19 in early 2020 caught most countries of the world by surprise. Humanity has suffered colossal economic and human losses due to the inability of health systems to cope with the rapidly spreading virus. This pandemic is not the first in history, however, despite this, the methods of combating the spread of the virus were belated and ineffective. This work is devoted to the development of a model for the spread of viral diseases using the example of COVID-19 in order to predict the scale of future epidemics and, as a result, select successful methods of combating them. To conclude a conclusion about the effectiveness of the application of this technology, a simulation model of the corresponding process is being developed.
NEW COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS INFECTION IN A PATIENT WITH AUTOIMMUNE POLYGLANDULAR SYNDROME (clinical case)
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University, Russia, Krasnodar, IVANOVA LIUDMILA A. , KOROL’ INNA V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Russia, Krasnodar, KOVALENKO JULIYA S. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Russia, Krasnodar, RUZHITSKAYA LIDIYA V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Russia, Krasnodar, SKIBITSKAYA MARIYA V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Russia, Krasnodar, PETROVYKH VERONICA O. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Russia, Krasnodar, TANIN IVAN YU. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Russia, Krasnodar
Published: October 2021

Background.More than half of those infected with the new coronavirus infection COVID­19 carry the disease in a mild or asymptomatic form. Patients over 60 years of age and those with comorbid chronic diseases, such as respiratory, cardiovascular, diabetes, oncological and autoimmune diseases, are susceptible to more severe forms of the disease. Aim.The aim of the study was to demonstrate the stages of clinical picture development, methods of diagnosis and treatment of the new coronavirus infection COVID­19. Material and methods. We present a clinical case of a new coronavirus infection COVID­19 in a 73­year­old patient with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome. Results and its discussion. Aggravating background represented by arrhythmic syndrome and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome contributed to the development of a severe form of new coronavirus infection COVID­19 in the patient. Complex multivector therapy aimed at pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment, according to the guidelines, in combination with magnesium and potassium medications, as well as immune­modulating therapy contributed to the patient’s recovery and rehabilitation. Conclusion. Treatment with glucocorticoids for new COVID­19 coronavirus infection significantly improves the outcome of the disease. At the same time, glucocorticoid therapy can lead to progression of arrhythmic syndrome, development of drug­induced hypercorticoidism, and «withdrawal» syndrome. Prevention and treatment of heart rhythm disturbances is the application of potassium and magnesium medications in sufficient doses. Gradual withdrawal of glucocorticoids over a long time under the supervision of an endocrinologist will help to restore the hypothalamic­pituitary­adrenal axis.
The effect of information technology innovation on good public governance: a case study in Indonesia
Authors:   Sriwijaya University, Ferina Ika Sasti , Afiah Nunuy Nur ,   University Padjadjaran, Poulus Sugiono ,   University Padjadjaran
Published: October 2021

This study touches upon fraud prevention at the Regional Public Hospital (RSUD) in Sumatra Region in 2021. The authors used a quantitative approach to conduct the study. This research is based on a survey of 421 respondents, namely the personnel of the Medical Recording Department, the Internal Inspection Unit, the Medical Committee, the Coder, and the Accounting Department at RSUD. Sumatra was chosen to be the region under research because, according to data from the Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW), Sumatera Region has 6 provinces where most cases of fraud have been reported in government hospitals. The data analysis technique uses Structural Equation Modelling (LISREL). The results of the study show that: (1) information technology innovation has a positive and significant impact on public governance; (2) fraud prevention has a positive and significant impact on public governance; (3) information technology innovation has a positive and significant impact on public governance in terms of fraud prevention.
The current state of the nationalization of the party systems in the Slovak Republic and Ukraine
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Shelemba Mykhailo , Shelemba Marta ,   Uzhhorod National University
Published: October 2021

The paper assesses the current state of the nationalization of the party systems in the Slovak Republic and Ukraine based on the results of the latest parliamentary elections. By using formalized methods, the authors of the paper analyzed the composition of the party systems at the empirical level. The results of the conducted research show that the party landscape of the Ukrainian Parliament has changed in the direction of electoral preferences in favour of new participants of the political process. The analysis with the use of the Nagayama triangle showed that the electoral advantage of one political party was provided in most of the regions of Ukraine (the political party «Servant of the People»). Under the M. Jones’ and S. Mainwaring’s technique, a high level of the party system nationalization (0.70) was established while conducting the research. According to the methodology by G. Golosov, a Russian scientist, the nationalization index in 2019 was equal to 0.56. It was proved that the factors of presidentialism, socio-political delimitations of the political regime, forms of government, the entry barrier, and regionalization have impacted nationalization of the party system. Six political parties entered the Slovak Parliament. With the opposition center-right conservative political force «Ordinary People and Independent Individuals» being the leader of this election campaign. Parliament’s The assessment of the Slovak Parliament with the use of the Nagayama triangle shows that in most parts of Slovakia, no political force has been formed as a result of the elections, which would dominate the level of voters support and that competition provides a minimum gap between the two political forces. The analysis indicated that the nationalization of the party system of the Slovak Republic is 0.89 (the high value) according to the Jones and Mainwaring method and 0.67 (the above-average value) with regard to the Golosov method, being a higher value compared to a relatively similar indicator for Ukraine. It should be emphasized that the main factors impacting the actual state of the studied indicator were the entry barrier and the political regime in the country. The predominance in the level of nationalization of the party system of Slovakia, if compared with the relevant indicator in Ukraine is due to the fact that all political forces that entered the National Council of the Slovak Republic are stable and participate in electoral cycles.
Circular investments as a key to solving the growth dilemma
Authors:   Ogarev Mordovia State University, Kormishkina Ludmila , Kormishkin Evgenii ,   Ogarev Mordovia State University, Gorin Vladimir ,   Ogarev Mordovia State University, Koloskov Dmitrii ,   Ogarev Mordovia State University
Published: October 2021

The rationale for this study is based on the extreme importance of finding a solution to a complex growth dilemma arising from the negative effects of human activity and the limited ability of the ecosystem to regenerate and provide resources required by mankind to ensure sustainable development and the long-term prosperity. The research is aimed at proving a scientific hypothesis that states: when the global raw-materials crisis becomes increasingly noticeable in various countries of the world, including Russia, circular investments may become a driver for long-term economic growth and the launch of far-reaching reforms of the economy in the 21st century. Circular investments in this paper are viewed as a special type of real eco-investment that combines advancements in technology and innovations to ensure renewal and industrial-scale reproduction of resources (raw materials and energy) from industrial and household waste, along with the mitigation and/or elimination of negative effects, on the environment. A multiple linear regression model has been developed to confirm a statistically-relevant connection between circular investments and real GDP. As a methodological foundation for the model, we used the classic Cobb-Douglas production function modified to take into account industrially reproduced raw material resources included in the production process. Further, we have defined major limits for circular investments in Russia today and highlighted the primary measures which are to be taken to launch circular investments in order to find a solution to the complex growth dilemma.
An analysis and measurement of the effect of changes in public revenues on selected macro variables of the Iraqi economy from 2008 to 2021
Authors:   Al-Mustansiriya University, Hussein Muna Younus
Published: October 2021

Public revenues determine the extent to which governments finance their public spending and development programs. Also it is known that the fluctuations of these revenues have negative effects on the overall economic life of any economy, regardless of its development level and structural diversity, and, accordingly, changes in public revenues (especially oil ones) in the economy. The research seeks to demonstrate the impact of that change on those variables, since the research shows the dominance of oil revenues on total public revenues, which indicates the extent of the structural imbalance in the structure of exports to the Iraqi economy, along with a significant weakness of other sources in the formation of public revenues in the period between 2008 and 2021. The research also highlights a need for the government to develop a clear strategy aimed at managing and allocating oil wealth optimally according to a well-studied economic vision in order to reduce the structural distortion that the national economy suffers from, with an emphasis on the need to work on complementing oil revenues with reconstruction and developing the real economy and to diversify sources of income in the economy in order not to depend on oil exports to finance the general budget and control inflation rates.
Measuring the effect of cash credit on industrial production in Iraq for the period of 2003-2020
Authors:   Wasit University, Zamil Salam Mounam , Bahit Ghalib Shaker ,   Wasit University, Balhawi Hatem Kareem ,   Wasit University
Published: October 2021

The monetary sector in Iraq occupies a distinguished position as it manages the movement of money, which is the main engine of economic activity. The importance of research is determined by studying the relationship between cash credit and its role in fostering economic activities, especially in the industrial sector. The authors of the research aim to study and analyze the nature of domestic credit in Iraq and its role in developing the industrial sector. The research originates from the hypothesis that credit changes in Iraq have a major role in developing industrial economic activities. In order to reach the purpose of the research and verify the hypothesis, an analysis of the domestic crediting in Iraq, along with its role in the development of the industrial sector, and the causal importance of the types of cash credit in Iraq was carried out. In this study, the descriptive inductive approach is relied on the analysis of monetary credit indicators in Iraq. In addition to the quantitative method of analyzing the available data on the relationship between cash credit and the industrial sector, the authors used the EViews 12 software.
Medical risk products: certification by Majelis Ulama Indonesia
Authors:   State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN), Makrum  , Hadiati Teti ,   State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN), Abdullah Zuhair ,   State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN), Fitri Ahmad Asrof ,   Islamic Institute of Az-Zaytun
Published: October 2021

This study aims to elucidate the consideration of Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) in granting halal labels to products that are considered medically risky and may cause a revision of Islamic law on MUI halal labeling from the point of view of maslahah (public interest; a basis of law) and qawaid fiqhiyyah (or legal maxims) theory. The aspects of ethics, law and economic effects versus health effects are discussed. This article uses a qualitative approach. The data were obtained through an interview with officials of the Central MUI and nutritionists over the year 2020. Other supporting data were obtained through literature reviews from various researches. The result shows that the consideration of MUI in granting halal include its believe in a medical perspective that the negative effects of these products can still be neutralized by the body’s immune system and eating healthy foods.
Financial analysis of efficiency indicators and their impact on investment policies: a case study of the Arab Qatari Agricultural Production Company in 2013-2020
Authors:   Al-Bani University College, Al-Qaisi Emad Muhammad Abdulrahman , Dahash Fadhil Jawad ,   Wasit University
Published: October 2021

Financial analysis of efficiency indicators is significant for companies that develop and implement their investment policies since such indicators reflect the economic and financial standing. The research reveals that the Arab Qatari Agricultural Production Company achieved net profits over the 2012-2016 period; then it had a large loss in 2017. The percentage change in the net profit achieved was negative for the later years (2017-2020). The revenues generated from the commercial activity ranged between QAR 18.4-25.5 million. The rate of change was positive in all the years of study. A rate of 95-98.4% from the total revenues came from the commercial activities. The results show that the rate of change in total assets, fixed and variable, was upbeat throughout the study period, indicating an improvement in general assets. The conducted analysis shows that the gross profit margin was fluctuating during the study period, which indicates a fluctuation in the efficiency of operating resources. The rate of return on assets was volatile and low in general. The authors of the research recommend to pay more attention to the results of the analysis in order to identify the failures and weaknesses of performance and address them.
The ability to reduce the expectation gap between financial reporting users and auditors: an analytical study of audit offices in Iraq
Authors:   Southern Technical University, Abdulahad Alaa Fareed
Published: October 2021

As a result of the exposure of the audit profession to many criticisms directed by the financial community and users of financial reports, by failing to provide the desired services, resulting in a gap of expectation between the financial community and users of financial reports and auditors, the profession had to take into account the requirements of the financial community and users of financial reports to reduce the expectation gap between the financial community and users of financial reports and auditors. From this point, the study is based on examining the gap between the financial community and users of financial reports and auditors, as well as on ways to reduce this gap by an analytical study of the opinions of both auditors working in audit offices operating in Iraq and a number of users of financial reports employed in joint stock companies. In order to achieve these objectives, a survey was conducted in 2020, under which 140 questionnaires were distributed. One of the most important findings of the research is that a major reason for the gap of expectations in the audit profession from the point of view of users of financial reports is the underperformance of the auditor’s responsibilities, and the lack of auditing standards is a major reason for the gap of expectations in the audit profession from the point of view of auditors.
The role of economic justice in realizing the principle of utmost good faith fairness in default insurance
Authors:   Universitas Padjadjaran, Mulhadi  , Ikhwansyah Isis ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Kartikasari Raden ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Fakhriah Efa Laela ,   Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: October 2021

This research is conducted to determine the role of economy in realizing the principle of utmost good faith which is fair since this principle does not take sides in insurance, which makes it possible to decide whether it is effective or not in the context of law enforcement in courts in the 2012-2021 period. This normative-philosophical research is based on philosophy of values and legal doctrines and is conducted with the use of qualitative and comparative methods. It is aimed at analyzing legal resources referring to selected legal provisions set out in legislation, literature, expert conclusions, reports, articles, research results and court decisions.
Modul Praktikum Biologi Umum
Authors:   Nur Efendi, Wulandari Fitria Eka
Published: October 2021

Modul ini disusun untuk menunjang kegiatan praktikum mahasiswa dalam mata kuliah “Biologi Umum”, Seperti layaknya sebuah modul, maka pembahasan dimulai dengan memaparkan materi praktikum dan lembar kerja mahasiswa. Dengan demikian pengguna modul ini secara mandiri dapat melakukan kegiatan praktikum secara mandiri. Modul ini terdiri 7 mata praktikum yang disajikan dan wajib diselesaikan semua. Hal ini dikarenakan praktikum ini merupakan syarat lulus menempuh mata kuliah Biologi Umum.
Modul Praktikum Interaksi Antar Faktor Fisik
Authors:   Noly Shofiyah, Wulandari Ria
Published: October 2021

Laboratorium yang terdiri dari laboratorium fisika, kimia, dan biologi ini, merupakan sarana penting untuk pendidikan dan penelitian yang akan menerapkan serta mengembangkan teori-teori dan konsep-konsep dasar dalam bidang fisika, kimia, dan biologi yang terkait. Laboratorium IPA digunakan untuk melaksanakan 15 mata praktikum yaitu: Fisika Dasar, Kimia Dasar, Biologi Umum, Fluida, Makhluk Hidup dan Kehidupan, Interaksi Antar Faktor Fisik, Interaksi Antar Makhluk Hidup, Gerak dan Perubahan, Gelombang dan Optik, Sains Lingkungan Teknologi dan Masyarakat, Zat dan Energi, Kehidupan Tingkat Sel, Larutan, Ilmu Lingkungan, Metabolisme dan Pengendaliannya.
Modul Praktikum Gerak Dan Perubahan
Authors: Shofiyah Noly ]
Published: October 2021

Laboratorium IPA disiapkan dan dikembangkan oleh FKIP untuk mendukung proses belajar mengajar yang berkenaan dengan mata kuliah Sains untuk Program studi Pendidikan IPA. Laboratorium yang terdiri dari laboratorium fisika, kimia, dan biologi ini, merupakan sarana penting untuk pendidikan dan penelitian yang akan menerapkan serta mengembangkan teori-teori dan konsep-konsep dasar dalam bidang fisika, kimia, dan biologi yang terkait. Laboratorium IPA digunakan untuk melaksanakan 15 mata praktikum yaitu: Fisika Dasar, Kimia Dasar, Biologi Umum, Fluida, Makhluk Hidup dan Kehidupan, Interaksi Antar Faktor Fisik, Interaksi Antar Makhluk Hidup, Gerak dan Perubahan, Gelombang dan Optik, Sains Lingkungan Teknologi dan Masyarakat, Zat dan Energi, Kehidupan Tingkat Sel, Larutan, Ilmu Lingkungan, Metabolisme dan Pengendaliannya.
Complication Profiles Associated with Sacral Alar Iliac Screw Fixation in Patients with Adult Spinal Deformity: A Comparative Analysis to the Conventional Iliac Screw Fixation
Authors: Park Ga-On , Choi Un-Yong , Kim Kyung-Hyun , Park Jeong-Yoon , Chin Dong-Kyu , Kim Keun-Su , Cho Yong-Eun
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study aimed to compare the radiographic and clinical outcomes between sacral alar iliac (SAI) screw fixation and conventional iliac (CI) screw fixation with a particular focus on the rate of reoperation, surgical site infection (SSI), sacroiliac joint pain, instrument failure, and screw prominence.Methods: Patients who underwent sacropelvic fixation in the authors’ institution from June 2011 to May 2017 were retrospectively investigated. Forty-three patients with SAI screw fixation and 25 with CI screw fixation were included. Preoperative patient and surgical characteristics and postoperative outcomes and complications were analyzed between the SAI and CI groups. Radiographic parameters were analyzed before and after surgery.Results: Lumbosacral fusion rates showed no statistically significant difference between the SAI group and CI groups (90.7% vs. 92.0%, p=0.878). The SAI group showed a significantly good result with regard to SSI compared to the CI group (0% vs. 16%, p=0.016), but had a significantly higher rate of distal screw fracture than the CI group (16.3% vs. 0%, p=0.042).Conclusion: The SAI screw fixation technique could achieve good outcomes of pain relief, deformity correction, and lumbosacral fusion rate with relatively lower complications such as the rates of reoperation, SSI, and screw prominence as compared to the CI screw fixation technique. However, distal instrument failure was observed more frequently in the SAI group, requiring further biomechanical studies.