bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Role of Emotional Intelligence in Building Resilience among Malaysian Undergraduate Students
Authors: Abdul Patah Salwa , Harun Mohd Ferdaus
Published: January 2025

One of the challenges impeding Malaysia's economic growth in 2024 is the condition of the global economy, which would raise the country's unemployment rate. There are generally 224,000 new graduates born in Malaysia every year, yet only 127,000 highly skilled jobs are available. This means that Malaysia produces an excessive number of university graduates. The shortage of job prospects will make it harder for the next graduates to find jobs. Hence, graduates from universities need to be psychologically ready to handle uncertain circumstances. Employers do believe that university graduates must acquire workplace resilience before beginning their careers. People perceive a resilient individual as tough, deserving of respect, and successful. Empirical evidence supports the claim that university students' emotional intelligence and social support play a major role in determining their resilience. Thus, the purpose of this study is to find out the extent to which students’ resilience correlated with social support and emotional intelligence at six Malaysian public universities. To collect data, we conducted a cross-sectional survey with 387 students. The results show a considerable positive correlation between resilience, emotional intelligence, and social support. This study demonstrates the potential influences of social support and emotional intelligence on the development of resilience in Malaysian undergraduate students. The unpredictable nature of the global economy signifies that changes in the university environments are inevitable. This study suggests that enhancing the university's general courses and co-curriculum module will foster students’ willingness to take risks and increase their self-confidence, both of which will increase resilience.
Chiral-induced unidirectional spin-to-charge conversion
Authors: Moharana Ashish , Kapon Yael , Kammerbauer Fabian , Anthofer David , Yochelis Shira , Shema Hadar , Gross Elad , Kläui Mathias , Paltiel Yossi , Wittmann Angela
Published: January 2025

The observation of spin-dependent transmission of electrons through chiral molecules has led to the discovery of chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS). The remarkably high efficiency of the spin polarizing effect has recently gained substantial interest due to the high potential for future sustainable hybrid chiral molecule magnetic applications. However, the fundamental mechanisms underlying the chiral-induced phenomena remain to be understood fully. In this work, we explore the impact of chirality on spin angular momentum in hybrid metal/chiral molecule thin-film heterostructures. For this, we inject a pure spin current via spin pumping and investigate the spin-to-charge conversion at the hybrid chiral interface. Notably, we observe a chiral-induced unidirectionality in the conversion. Furthermore, angle-dependent measurements reveal that the spin selectivity is maximum when the spin angular momentum is aligned with the molecular chiral axis. Our findings validate the central role of spin angular momentum for the CISS effect, paving the path toward three-dimensional functionalization of hybrid molecule-metal devices via chirality.
Blood-derived APLP1
+
extracellular vesicles are potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of brain diseases
Authors: Choi Yuri , Park Jae Hyun , Jo Ala , Lim Chul-Woo , Park Ji-Min , Hwang Jin Woo , Lee Kang Soo , Kim Young-Sang , Lee Hakho , Moon Jisook
Published: January 2025

The early detection of neurodegenerative diseases necessitates the identification of specific brain-derived biomolecules in peripheral blood. In this context, our investigation delineates the role of amyloid precursor-like protein 1 (APLP1)—a protein predominantly localized in oligodendrocytes and neurons—as a previously unidentified biomarker in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Through rigorous analysis, APLP1
+
EVs from human sera were unequivocally determined to be of cerebral origin. This assertion was corroborated by distinctive small RNA expression patterns of APLP1
+
EVs. The miRNAs’ putative targets within these EVs manifested pronounced expression in the brain, fortifying their neurospecific provenance. We subjected our findings to stringent validation using Thy-1 GFP M line mice, transgenic models wherein GFP expression is confined to hippocampal neurons. An amalgamation of these results with an exhaustive data analysis accentuates the potential of APLP1
+
EVs as cerebrally originated biomarkers. Synthesizing our findings, APLP1
+
EVs are postulated not merely as diagnostic markers but as seminal entities shaping the future trajectory of neurodegenerative disease diagnostics.
Identification of human cranio-maxillofacial skeletal stem cells for mandibular development
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Wang Kun , Yu Yejia , Fu Jing , Zhang Siyuan , Li Maojiao , Yang Jian , Zhang Xuanhao , Liu Xiaodong , Lv Fengqiong , Ma Li , Cai Haoyang , Tian Weidong , Liao Li
Published: January 2025

Compared with long bone that arises from the mesoderm, the major portion of the maxillofacial bones and the front bone of the skull are derived from cranial neural crest cells and undergo intramembranous ossification. Human skeletal stem cells have been identified in embryonic and fetal long bones. Here, we describe a single-cell atlas of the human embryonic mandible and identify a population of cranio-maxillofacial skeletal stem cells (CMSSCs). These CMSSCs are marked by interferon-induced transmembrane protein 5 (IFITM5) and are specifically located around the periosteum of the jawbone and frontal bone. Additionally, these CMSSCs exhibit strong self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation capacities but lower chondrogenic differentiation potency, mediating intramembranous bone formation without cartilage formation. IFITM5
+
cells are also observed in the adult jawbone and exhibit functions similar to those of embryonic CMSSCs. Thus, this study identifies CMSSCs that orchestrate the intramembranous ossification of cranio-maxillofacial bones, providing a deeper understanding of cranio-maxillofacial skeletal development and promising seed cells for bone repair.
Dynamics of visual object coding within and across the hemispheres: Objects in the periphery
Authors: Robinson Amanda K. , Grootswagers Tijl , Shatek Sophia M. , Behrmann Marlene , Carlson Thomas A.
Published: January 2025

The human brain continuously integrates information across its two hemispheres to construct a coherent representation of the perceptual world. Characterizing how visual information is represented in each hemisphere over time is crucial for understanding how hemispheric transfer contributes to perception. Here, we investigated information processing within each hemisphere over time and the degree to which it is distinct or duplicated across hemispheres. We presented participants with object images lateralized to the left or right visual fields while measuring their brain activity with electroencephalography. Stimulus coding was more robust and emerged earlier in the contralateral than the ipsilateral hemisphere. Presentation of two stimuli, one to each hemifield, reduced the fidelity of representations in both hemispheres relative to one stimulus alone, signifying hemispheric interference. Last, we found that processing within the contralateral, but not ipsilateral, hemisphere was biased to image-related over concept-related information. Together, these results suggest that hemispheric transfer operates to filter irrelevant information and efficiently prioritize processing of meaning.
NLRP3 inflammasome constrains liver regeneration through impairing MerTK-mediated macrophage efferocytosis
Authors: Wei Susu , Guan Ge , Luan Xiaoyu , Yu Chaoqun , Miao Longyu , Yuan Xinying , Chen Peng , Di Guohu
Published: January 2025

The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in human acute and chronic liver diseases. However, the role and cell-specific contribution of NLRP3 in liver regeneration remains unclear. Here, we found that NLRP3 was highly activated during the early stage of liver regeneration via 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx) mice model and clinical data. Global NLRP3 depletion or pharmacologically blocking NLRP3 significantly enhanced liver regeneration, while NLRP3 overexpression impaired it after PHx. Furthermore, mice with myeloid-specific knockout of
Nlrp3
(
Nlrp3

Δ
mye

), rather than hepatocyte-specific knockout (
Nlrp3

Δ
hep

), showed improved liver regeneration compared to control (

Nlrp3
fl/fl

). Mechanistically, deficiency of
Nlrp3
promoted myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase (MerTK)–mediated efferocytosis, thereby inducing macrophages toward a pro-reparative Ly6C
lo
phenotype. Notably, NLRP3 inhibition by MCC950 effectively reversed the impairment of liver regeneration after PHx in mice fed a high-fat diet. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of post-hepatectomy liver failure.
Multiple cell types support productive infection and dynamic translocation of infectious Ebola virus to the surface of human skin
Authors: Messingham Kelly N. , Richards Paige T. , Fleck Anthony , Patel Radhika A. , Djurkovic Marija , Elliff Jonah , Connell Samuel , Crowe Tyler P. , Munoz Gonzalez Juan , Gourronc Francoise , Dillard Jacob A. , Davey Robert A. , Klingelhutz Aloysius , Shtanko Olena , Maury Wendy
Published: January 2025

Ebola virus (EBOV) causes severe human disease. During late infection, EBOV virions are on the skin’s surface; however, the permissive skin cell types and the route of virus translocation to the epidermal surface are unknown. We describe a human skin explant model and demonstrate that EBOV infection of human skin via basal media increases in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. In the dermis, cells of myeloid, endothelial, and fibroblast origin were EBOV antigen–positive whereas keratinocytes harbored virus in the epidermis. Infectious virus was detected on the apical epidermal surface within 3 days, indicating that virus propagates and traffics through the explants. Purified human fibroblasts and keratinocytes supported EBOV infection ex vivo and both cell types required the phosphatidylserine receptor, AXL, and the endosomal protein, NPC1, for virus entry. This platform identified susceptible cell types and demonstrated dynamic trafficking of EBOV virions. These findings may explain person-to-person transmission via skin contact.
High-performance solid-state electrochemical thermal switches with earth-abundant cerium oxide
Authors: Jeong Ahrong , Yoshimura Mitsuki , Kong Hyeonjun , Bian Zhiping , Tam Jason , Feng Bin , Ikuhara Yuichi , Endo Takashi , Matsuo Yasutaka , Ohta Hiromichi
Published: January 2025

Thermal switches, which electrically turn heat flow on and off, have attracted attention as thermal management devices. Electrochemical reduction/oxidation switches the thermal conductivity (κ) of active metal oxide films. The performance of the previously proposed electrochemical thermal switches is low; the on/off κ-ratio is mostly less than 5, and the κ-switching width is less than 5 watts per meter kelvin. We used a CeO
2
thin film as the active layer deposited on a solid electrolyte YSZ substrate. When the CeO
2
thin film was reduced once (off-state) and then oxidized (on-state), κ was about 2.2 watts per meter kelvin in the most reduced state, and κ increased with oxidation to 12.5 watts per meter kelvin (on-state). This reduction (off-state)/oxidation (on-state) cycle was repeated 100 times, and the on/off κ-ratio was 5.8, and the κ-switching width was 10.3 watts per meter kelvin. The CeO
2
-based solid-state electrochemical thermal switches would be potential devices for thermal shutters and thermal displays.
Somatic mtDNA mutation burden shapes metabolic plasticity in leukemogenesis
Authors: Li-Harms Xiujie , Lu Jingjun , Fukuda Yu , Lynch John , Sheth Aditya , Pareek Gautam , Kaminski Marcin M. , Ross Hailey S. , Wright Christopher W. , Smith Amber L. , Wu Huiyun , Wang Yong-Dong , Valentine Marc , Neale Geoffrey , Vogel Peter , Pounds Stanley , Schuetz John D. , Ni Min , Kundu Mondira
Published: January 2025

The role of somatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in leukemogenesis remains poorly characterized. To determine the impact of somatic mtDNA mutations on this process, we assessed the leukemogenic potential of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) from mtDNA mutator mice (Polg D257A) with or without NMyc overexpression. We observed a higher incidence of spontaneous leukemogenesis in recipients transplanted with heterozygous Polg HPCs and a lower incidence of NMyc-driven leukemia in those with homozygous Polg HPCs compared to controls. Although mtDNA mutations in heterozygous and homozygous HPCs caused similar baseline impairments in mitochondrial function, only heterozygous HPCs responded to and supported altered metabolic demands associated with NMyc overexpression. Homozygous HPCs showed altered glucose utilization with pyruvate dehydrogenase inhibition due to increased phosphorylation, exacerbated by NMyc overexpression. The impaired growth of NMyc-expressing homozygous HPCs was partially rescued by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, highlighting a relationship between mtDNA mutation burden and metabolic plasticity in leukemogenesis.
Applying statistical modeling strategies to sparse datasets in synthetic chemistry
Authors: Haas Brittany C. , Kalyani Dipannita , Sigman Matthew S.
Published: January 2025

The application of statistical modeling in organic chemistry is emerging as a standard practice for probing structure-activity relationships and as a predictive tool for many optimization objectives. This review is aimed as a tutorial for those entering the area of statistical modeling in chemistry. We provide case studies to highlight the considerations and approaches that can be used to successfully analyze datasets in low data regimes, a common situation encountered given the experimental demands of organic chemistry. Statistical modeling hinges on the data (what is being modeled), descriptors (how data are represented), and algorithms (how data are modeled). Herein, we focus on how various reaction outputs (e.g., yield, rate, selectivity, solubility, stability, and turnover number) and data structures (e.g., binned, heavily skewed, and distributed) influence the choice of algorithm used for constructing predictive and chemically insightful statistical models.
CD154 blockade effectively controls antibody-mediated rejection in highly sensitized nonhuman primate kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Anwar Imran J. , DeLaura Isabel , Ladowski Joseph M. , Schilirò Davide , Gao Qimeng , Manook Miriam , Yoon Janghoon , Belloni Rafaela , Park Angela , Schuster Daniel J. , Song Mingqing , Lin Lin , Farris Alton B. , Magnani Diogo , Williams Kyha , Kwun Jean , Knechtle Stuart J.
Published: January 2025

Current desensitization and maintenance immunosuppression regimens for kidney transplantation in sensitized individuals show limited ability to control the posttransplant humoral response, resulting in high rates of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) and graft failure. Here, we showed that anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody (mAb)–based immunosuppression more effectively controlled allograft rejection and humoral rebound in a highly sensitized nonhuman primate kidney transplantation model compared with tacrolimus-based standard-of-care (SOC) immunosuppression. Desensitization with an anti-CD154 mAb (5C8) and a proteasome inhibitor led to decreased donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) and disruption of lymph node germinal centers with reduction of proliferating, memory, and class-switched B cells as well as T follicular helper cells. After transplant, the nonhuman primates maintained on 5C8-based immunosuppression had significantly better survival compared with those maintained on SOC immunosuppression (135.2 days versus 32.8 days,
P
= 0.013). The 5C8-treated group demonstrated better suppression of DSAs after transplant, more robust suppression of B cell populations, and better induction of regulatory T cells. Fewer infectious and welfare complications, including viral reactivation and weight loss, were also observed with 5C8-based immunosuppression compared with SOC immunosuppression. Therefore, anti-CD154 mAbs may improve kidney transplant outcomes through better control of posttransplant immune responses. The superior efficacy of anti-CD154 mAb–based immunosuppression over tacrolimus-based SOC seen in this highly sensitized NHP transplant model suggests that anti-CD154 mAbs could potentially be used to desensitize and treat highly sensitized patients receiving kidney transplantation.
Lipidomic profiling of mouse brain and human neuron cultures reveals a role for
Mboat7
in mTOR-dependent neuronal migration
Authors: Tang Isaac , Nisal Ashna , Reed Alex , Ware Timothy B. , Johansen Anide , Zaki Maha S. , Cravatt Benjamin F. , Gleeson Joseph G.
Published: January 2025

Mutations in lipid regulator genes are a frequent cause of autism spectrum disorder, including those regulating phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling.
MBOAT7
encodes a key acyltransferase in PI synthesis and is mutated in an autism-related condition with neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy. Using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, we analyzed the PI-associated glycerolipidome in mice and humans during neurodevelopment and found dynamic regulation at times corresponding to neural apoptosis in the brains of
Mboat7
knockout mice.
Mboat7
function was necessary for polyunsaturated lipid synthesis and cortical neural migration, and loss resulted in massive accumulation of the precursor lysophosphatidylinositol and hyperactive mTOR signaling. Inhibiting mTOR signaling rescued migration defects. Our findings demonstrate roles for lipid remodeling during neurodevelopment and implicate lipid regulation in neuronal migration, revealing potential paths to treatment for
MBOAT7
deficiency.
Glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 1 deficiency–mediated metabolic reprogramming facilitates colorectal adenoma-carcinoma progression
Authors: Xiong Li , Yang Xin , Liu Huashan , Wu Xianrui , Cai Tanxing , Yuan Ming , Huang Liang , Zhou Chi , Zheng Xiaobin , Li Wenxin , Zeng Ziwei , Li Shujuan , Lan Ping , Kang Liang , Liang Zhenxing
Published: January 2025

The tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) often follows the normal-adenoma-carcinoma (N-A-C) sequence. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying colorectal adenoma carcinogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we analyzed transcriptomic profile changes in normal, advanced adenoma, and carcinoma tissues from patients with CRC, revealing that glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 1 (
GPT1
) in colorectal tissues was down-regulated during the N-A-C process and correlated with poor CRC prognosis. Mechanistically,
GPT1
was transcriptionally activated by Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4). GPT1 reprogrammed metabolism and suppressed CRC tumorigenesis in cells and mouse models not only through enzyme-dependent α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) production and WNT signaling inhibition but also through enzyme-independent disruption of the folate cycle through binding with methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1–like (MTHFD1L). Furthermore, we identified poliumoside as a GPT1 activator that restrained CRC progression in cells, patient-derived CRC organoids, and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of CRC. Our study uncovers a role for GPT1 in CRC tumorigenesis and shows that poliumoside is a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
An inflammatory state defines a high-risk T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia subgroup
Authors: Gower Mark , Li Ximing , Aguilar-Navarro Alicia G. , Lin Brian , Fernandez Minerva , Edun Gibran , Nader Mursal , Rondeau Vincent , Arruda Andrea , Tierens Anne , Eames Seffernick Anna , Pölönen Petri , Durocher Juliette , Wagenblast Elvin , Yang Lin , Lee Ho Seok , Mullighan Charles G. , Teachey David , Rashkovan Marissa , Tremblay Cedric S. , Herranz Daniel , Itkin Tomer , Loghavi Sanam , Dick John E. , Schwartz Gregory , Perusini Maria Agustina , Sibai Hassan , Hitzler Johann , Gruber Tanja A. , Minden Mark , Jones Courtney L. , Dolgalev Igor , Jahangiri Soheil , Tikhonova Anastasia N.
Published: January 2025

T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive cancer comprising diverse subtypes that are challenging to stratify using conventional immunophenotyping. To gain insights into subset-specific therapeutic vulnerabilities, we performed an integrative multiomics analysis of bone marrow samples from newly diagnosed T cell ALL, early T cell precursor ALL, and T/myeloid mixed phenotype acute leukemia. Leveraging cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes in conjunction with T cell receptor sequencing, we identified a subset of patient samples characterized by activation of inflammatory and stem gene programs. These inflammatory T-lineage samples exhibited distinct biological features compared with other T-lineage ALL samples, including the production of proinflammatory cytokines, prevalence of mutations affecting cytokine signaling and chromatin remodeling, an altered immune microenvironment, and poor treatment responses. Moreover, we found that, although inflammatory T-lineage ALL samples were less sensitive to dexamethasone, they exhibited unique sensitivity to a BCL-2 inhibitor, venetoclax. To facilitate classification of patients with T-lineage ALL, we developed a computational inflammatory gene signature scoring system, which stratified patients and was associated with disease prognosis in three additional patient cohorts. By identifying a high-risk T-lineage ALL subtype on the basis of an inflammatory score, our study provides a framework for targeted therapeutic approaches for these challenging-to-treat cancers.
BRISC-Mediated PPM1B-K63 Deubiquitination and Subsequent TGF-β Pathway Activation Promote High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet–Induced Arterial Stiffness
Authors: Liu Yanan , Li Mengke , Chen Zhipeng , Zuo Min , Bao Kaiwen , Zhao Ziyan , Yan Meng , Bai Yongping , Ai Ding , Wang Hu , Jiang Hongfeng
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

Metabolic syndrome heightens cardiovascular disease risk primarily through increased arterial stiffness. We previously demonstrated the involvement of YAP (Yes-associated protein) in high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HFHSD)–induced arterial stiffness via modulation of PPM1B (protein phosphatase Mg
2+
/Mn
2+
–dependent 1B)-lysine 63(K63) deubiquitination. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role and mechanisms underlying PPM1B deubiquitination in HFHSD-induced arterial stiffness.

METHODS:

Enzymes governing PPM1B deubiquitination were identified through small interfering RNA (siRNA) screening and mass spectrometry. Glutathione S-transferase pull-down, coimmunoprecipitation, protein purification, and immunofluorescence were used to explore the mechanism underlying PPM1B deubiquitination. Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate HFHSD-induced arterial stiffness in mice, and telemetry was used to record pulsatile (systolic and diastolic) blood pressure.

RESULTS:

Smooth muscle cell–specific PPM1B overexpression attenuated HFHSD-induced arterial stiffness in mice in a PPM1B-K326-K63–linked polyubiquitination-dependent manner. Mechanistically, ABRO1 (Abraxas brother 1; a core BRCC36 [BRCA1/BRCA2 (breast cancer type 1/2)–containing complex subunit 36] isopeptidase complex component) directly bound YAP and underwent liquid-liquid phase separation with YAP and PPM1B in a YAP-dependent manner, which in turn promoted PPM1B deubiquitination. Furthermore, smooth muscle cell–specific
Abro1
-knockout mice and
Brcc3
-knockout mice showed attenuated HFHSD-induced arterial stiffness and activation of transforming growth factor-β–Smad (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog) signaling.

CONCLUSIONS:

We elucidated the PPM1B deubiquitination mechanisms and highlighted a potential therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome–related arterial stiffness.
Consistent phenological advancement of Common Toad migration in response to climate change in Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Blomme Ellen , Batsleer Femke , Matheve Hans , Verbelen Dominique , Martel An , Croubels Siska , Pasmans Frank , Bonte Dries
Published: January 2025

Many species use temperature as a cue to time certain life events. Such phenological events can be particularly sensitive to climate change. In amphibians, seasonal migration events between ponds and winter habitats are crucial to ensure reproduction. Therefore, shifts in phenological events – called phenological shifts – can significantly affect the persistence of amphibian populations, especially when induced by climate change. We used citizen science data collected during the spring migration of the Common Toad (Bufo bufo) from 1981 until 2020 to: (i) estimate the phenological shift, (ii) determine consistency of these changes within the studied region, and (iii) relate its temporal variation with changes in temperature. The results revealed an advancement in the peak migration of 3.1 days per decade. This shift was consistent across all populations in Flanders, indicating a regional effect that is most likely due to climate change. This reasoning is supported by the temperature-based model, which indicates that earlier migration occurs in warmer years. Nonetheless, significant local variations persist in the timing of spring migration. Our results highlight the importance of studying in detail the timing of spring migration and its variability, as it may elucidate mechanisms underlying trends in population decline at both national and international scales.
Posterolateral Knee Ligament Reconstruction Using the Arciero Technique Provides Greater Rotational Stability Than the Modified Larson Technique: A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Coppola Christian , Sigloch Maximilian , Hoermann Romed , Schlumberger Michael , Schuster Philipp , Schmoelz Werner , Mayr Raul
Published: January 2025

Background:

It is still unknown if the double–femoral tunnel technique (Arciero [ARC]) provides better stability as compared with the single–femoral tunnel technique (modified Larson [LAR]) in posterolateral corner reconstruction. The ideal angle of fixation of the popliteofibular strand in ARC is also unknown.

Hypotheses:

The ARC provides greater external rotation (ER) stability than the LAR (hypothesis 1); there is no difference in varus rotation (VR) stability between LAR and ARC (hypothesis 2); and femoral fixation of the popliteofibular strand at 60° during the ARC leads to greater ER stability than fixation at 30° or 90° of knee flexion (hypothesis 3).

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Eight fresh-frozen human knees were tested in a knee test bench in 4 states: native, posterolateral deficiency, LAR, and ARC. With the ARC, the popliteofibular strand was fixed at 30°, 60°, and 90° (ARC30, ARC60, ARC90). The order of testing (LAR/ARC) was randomized. A tibial ER and VR torque of 5 N·m was applied at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°. Rotation degrees were captured using an ultrasound-based analysis system. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to assess statistical significance between paired groups in different states.

Results:

The ARC and LAR significantly improved VR and ER stability at all flexion angles in comparison with posterolateral deficiency ( P < .05). At 60° and 90°, ARC30 showed significantly greater ER stability in comparison with the LAR (mean ± SD; ARC30 vs LAR at 60°, 21.2°± 5.1° vs 15.4°± 5.6° [ P < .05]; ARC30 vs LAR at 90°, 23.7°± 5.6° vs 16.8°± 6.3° [ P < .05]). At 90°, the LAR showed significantly greater VR instability in comparison with the native state (3.5°± 1.5° vs 2.5°± 1.0°; P = .012), and ARC30 was not significantly different from the native state with respect to VR (2.9°± 1.5° vs 2.5°± 1.0°; P = .327). No significant differences in ER and VR were found among ARC30, ARC60, and ARC90 at any flexion angle ( P≥ .05).

Conclusion:

The ARC technique provided greater tibial ER stability in comparison with the LAR at higher flexion angles (hypothesis 1 accepted). There were no differences between LAR and ARC in restoring VR stability, except at 90° (hypothesis 2 partly accepted). Different femoral flexion angles for fixation of the popliteofibular strand during the ARC did not show any significant differences in relation to knee stability (hypothesis 3 rejected).

Clinical Relevance:

Posterolateral corner reconstruction using the ARC technique provides greater ER stability at higher flexion angles than the modified LAR technique.
Leg Dominance Effects During Single- and Dual-Task Modified Balance Error Scoring System Assessment in Collegiate and High School Athletes
Authors: Moran Ryan N. , Stewart Earl Ray , Haller Mason , Ramirez Jonathan
Published: January 2025

Background:

The modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS) incorporates nondominant leg stance for a ceiling effect, but that may not be the worse balancing leg. Updated recommendations call for single- and dual-task tandem gait, but limited research has explored these effects on the mBESS.

Purposes:

To compare mBESS performance between dominant and nondominant legs during single and dual tasks and to determine 1-week test-retest reliability.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 119 intercollegiate, collegiate club, and high school athletes were administered a baseline mBESS battery consisting of performance on both legs and during single and dual task at 2 time points, 1 week apart. Measures consisted of mBESS errors and sway index during counterbalanced single- and dual-task conditions on dominant and nondominant legs. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were conducted to determine differences in errors and sway index between dominant and nondominant legs and single- and dual-task performance. Spearman correlations were used to measure reliability at 1 week ± 2 days.

Results:

No differences were observed between nondominant and dominant single-leg errors ( P = .79) and sway index ( P = .98), nor tandem stance errors ( P = .95) and sway index ( P = .86). Greater errors were committed during dual-task single-leg stance ( P = .05) but not on sway index ( P = .69). No differences existed between single and dual tasks on tandem errors ( P = .63) and sway index ( P = .53). Test-retest coefficients were weak to moderate ( rs = −0.009 to 0.368) for normal mBESS errors and fair for sway index ( rs = 0.389 to 0.442) at a 1-week interval.

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrated that leg dominance does not appear to affect mBESS errors or sway index, indicating that either leg may be used, in the absence of lower extremity injury history or instability. Incorporation of a dual task provides little clinical utility and may not be specific enough to elicit postural control changes on the mBESS, further indicating the use of optional foam conditions or single- and dual-task tandem gait. Caution is needed when using mBESS after a 1-week time point.
Reassessing the roles of oxidative DNA base lesion 8-oxoGua and repair enzyme OGG1 in tumorigenesis
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Chunshuang , Han Jinling , Xue Yaoyao , Zheng Xu , Wang Ruoxi , Radak Zsolt , Nakabeppu Yusaku , Boldogh Istvan , Ba Xueqing
Published: January 2025

ROS cause multiple forms of DNA damage, and among them, 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua), an oxidized product of guanine, is one of the most abundant. If left unrepaired, 8-oxoGua may pair with A instead of C, leading to a mutation of G: C to T: A during DNA replication. 8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) is a tailored repair enzyme that recognizes 8-oxoGua in DNA duplex and initiates the base excision repair (BER) pathway to remove the lesion and ensure the fidelity of the genome. The accumulation of genomic 8-oxoGua and the dysfunction of OGG1 is readily linked to mutagenesis, and subsequently aging-related diseases and tumorigenesis; however, the direct experimental evidence has long been lacking. Recently, a series of studies have shown that guanine oxidation in the genome has a conservative bias, with the tendency to occur in the regulatory regions, thus, 8-oxoGua is not only a lesion to be repaired, but also an epigenetic modification. In this regard, OGG1 is a specific reader of this base modification. Substrate recognition and/or excision by OGG1 can cause DNA conformation changes, affect chromatin modifications, thereby modulating the transcription of genes involved in a variety of cellular processes, including inflammation, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Thus, in addition to the potential mutagenicity, 8-oxoGua may contribute to tumor development and progression through the altered gene expression stemming from its epigenetic effects.
The Influence of Study Quality, Age, and Geographic Factors on PCOS Prevalence—A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Amiri Mina , Hatoum Sana , Buyalos Richard P , Sheidaei Ali , Azziz Ricardo
Published: January 2025

Background

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent disorder with substantial burden, yet global epidemiological data remains limited.

Objectives

To estimate the PCOS prevalence globally.

Materials and Methods

We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for PCOS studies in unselected populations through February 2024.

Results

Our study included 88 studies (n = 561 287 women) from 7144 records. The highest PCOS prevalence was identified by the Rotterdam criteria, followed by the Androgen Excess and PCOS Society (AE-PCOS) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH). High-quality studies, as assessed using our newly developed PCOS Epidemiology and Phenotype (PEP) tool, indicated prevalences of 10.89%, 10.61%, and 6.63% using Rotterdam, AE-PCOS, and NIH, respectively. Considering only high-quality studies revealed no significant regional disparities using either NIH [ranging from 5.72% in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) to 6.90% in the Western Pacific Region (WPR)] or Rotterdam (ranging from 11.15% in South-East Asia to 9.12% in EMR). For AE-PCOS, sufficient data was available only for the WPR region (6.9%). No studies were available in the African Region. A higher PCOS prevalence was observed in adults than adolescents using NIH (8.52% vs 4.44%; P = .01), although the difference diminished when considering only high-quality studies (7.25% vs 4.44%; P = .053). Limited data restricted age-group comparisons using Rotterdam and AE-PCOS.

Conclusion

This systematic review and meta-analysis reveals a trend toward regional variations and age differences across diagnostic criteria. The study results suggest considering study quality using instruments tailored for epidemiological studies in PCOS, such as the PEP tool, when carrying out these types of meta-analyses.
Exploring the Pathways for Applying Big Data in Dance Education
Authors: Dai Qin , Zhao Ziyi
Published: January 2025

Based on the practical cases of big data in dance education, this study discusses the application of big data in dance education from the perspectives of physical assessment and psychological assessment. The research results show that teachers can not only use big data technology to support dance teaching, but also draw inspiration from big data thinking to inspire students. At the same time, big data technology can assess students' physical ability on the one hand, and pay attention to students' mental health on the other hand. A comprehensive understanding of these aspects will help the dance education industry to keep pace with the times and promote the improvement of dance teaching quality.
GLT sequences and normal matrices
Authors: Barbarino Giovanni , Garoni Carlo
Published: January 2025

The theory of generalized locally Toeplitz (GLT) sequences is an apparatus for computing the asymptotic spectral distribution of matrices $A_n$ arising from numerical discretizations of differential equations. Indeed, when the mesh fineness parameter $n$ tends to infinity, these matrices $A_n$ give rise to a sequence $\{A_n\}_n$, which often turns out to be a GLT sequence. In this paper, we extend the theory of GLT sequences in several directions: we show that every GLT sequence enjoys a normal form, we identify the spectral symbol of every GLT sequence formed by normal matrices, and we prove that, for every GLT sequence $\{A_n\}_n$ formed by normal matrices and every continuous function $f:\mathbb C\to\mathbb C$, the sequence $\{f(A_n)\}_n$ is again a GLT sequence whose spectral symbol is $f(\kappa)$, where $\kappa$ is the spectral symbol of $\{A_n\}_n$. In addition, using the theory of GLT sequences, we prove a spectral distribution result for perturbed normal matrices.
Godsil-McKay switchings for gain graphs
Authors: Cavaleri Matteo , Donno Alfredo , Spessato Stefano
Published: January 2025

We introduce a switching operation, inspired by the Godsil-McKay switching, in order to obtain pairs of $G$-cospectral gain graphs, that are gain graphs cospectral with respect to every representation of the gain group $G$. For instance, for two signed graphs, this notion of cospectrality is equivalent to the cospectrality of their signed adjacency matrices together with the cospectrality of their underlying graphs. Moreover, we introduce another more flexible switching in order to obtain pairs of gain graphs cospectral with respect to some fixed unitary representation. Many existing notions of spectrum for graphs and gain graphs are indeed special cases of these spectra associated with particular representations, therefore our construction recovers the classical Godsil-McKay switching and the Godsil-McKay switching for signed and complex unit gain graphs. As in the classical case, not all gain graphs are suitable for these switchings: we analyze the relationships between the properties that make the graph suitable for the one or the other switching. Finally, we apply our construction in order to define a Godsil-McKay switching for the right spectrum of quaternion unit gain graphs.
Validation of the Clavien-Dindo classification and Comprehensive Complication Index as measures of morbidity following total hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Rele Siddharth , Shadbolt Cade , Schilling Chris , Thuraisingam Sharmala , Trieu Jason , Choong Emma L. P. , Gould Daniel , Taylor Nicholas F. , Dowsey Michelle M. , Choong Peter F. M.
Published: January 2025

Aims

The Clavien-Dindo (CD) classification and Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI) have been validated primarily among general surgical procedures. To date, the validity of these measures has not been assessed in patients undergoing arthroplasty.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included patients undergoing primary total hip and knee arthroplasty between April 2013 and December 2019. Complications within 90 days of surgery were graded using the CD classification and converted to CCI. Validity was established by assessing the association between both measures and discharge to inpatient rehabilitation, length of stay, and costs.

Results

Among 2,884 patients, 414 (14.4%) had an in-hospital complication and 643 (22.3%) had a complication within 90 days. Each increase in CD grade was associated with USD$1,895.48 (95% CI 1,734.77 to 2,056.18) of additional costs, an additional 1.24 days’ length of stay (95% CI 1.15 to 1.33), and 43% (95% CI 26 to 62%) greater odds of discharge to inpatient rehabilitation. Each ten-unit increase in CCI score was associated with USD$1,698.55 (95% CI 1,561.8 to 1,835.3) higher costs, an additional 1.09 days’ length of stay (95% CI 1.02 to 1.17), and 33% (95% CI 19% to 49%) greater odds of discharge to inpatient rehabilitation.

Conclusion

Both the CD classification and CCI appear valid and applicable to patients undergoing total joint replacement.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2025;107-B(1):81–88.
The Underdeveloped Offering of Housing Ethics: New Possibilities for Housing Studies
Authors: Hill Simon
Published: January 2025

Despite the significant presence in other disciplines, ethics remains a topic that is under-explored in a housing context. This paper posits the implications of employing a framework of housing ethics, demarcating ethics from a notion of politics. The central contention: that housing ethics already exist and structure housing systems and approaches, as evidenced in three examples from policy, theory and philosophy. This framework, with an outlined two-part grammar, illuminates the importance of descriptive claims behind the normative context that is of great interest to housing studies. Therefore, the argument presented does not just valorise the framework of housing ethics but too the necessity of philosophical engagement in the assumptions underpinning housing research, namely any foundational claims on the phenomenon of housing and the human relationship to it.
The Recent Rise in Mid-Term Rentals in Barcelona: Causes and Implications
Authors: Orozco Martinez Carolina , Gil-Alonso Fernando
Published: January 2025

Recent studies identify an increase in mid-term rentals (MTR) in cities like Barcelona and relate it to the growth of temporary populations and changes in labour dynamics in the post-Covid era. By analysing MTRs registered between 2018 and 2023, this study aims to quantify changes in rents and the number of contracts of this kind in three municipalities in the Barcelona area. The results show that MTRs are concentrated in Barcelona, where their number almost tripled and the average rent grew fivefold over the period analysed. The rise started in 2022, and this coincided with when the law to regulate residential rentals in Spain was announced rather than when it came into force. The shift in properties from the residential market to the barely regulated and more profitable mid-term market, hinders access to housing for the low-income population. This problem underscores the urgent need for the regulation of MTRs.
Introduction to the Special Issue: The View from Housing - The Contributions of Housing Research to Social and Behavioural Theory
Authors: Ruonavaara Hannu
Published: January 2025

Introduction to the Special Issue: The View from Housing - The Contributions of Housing Research to Social and Behavioural Theory
The Influence of Interest Organisations on Swedish Rental Housing – Implications for Corporatist Theory
Authors: Bengtsson Bo , Grander Martin
Published: January 2025

Although academic definitions of ‘corporatism’ differ, the concept is generally about organisational influence on state politics. Around 1980, Sweden was regarded as the archetype of welfare-state corporatism, but around the turn of the millennium the broad representation of organised interests in state politics was largely abolished. However, in the housing sector, strong interest organisations have continued to play a dominant and institutionalised role. Rents are negotiated collectively between organisations of estate owners and tenants, and these organisations also have strong influence on rental legislation and on housing policy more generally. We argue that this system should be seen as corporatist and to that end suggest a somewhat modified version of Philippe Schmitter’s well-established definition of corporatism. We claim that our ‘view from housing’ may contribute to the increased relevance of corporatism theory also in studies of other welfare sectors where market distribution is increasingly important.
January 2025 Critical Care Case of the Month: A 35-Year-Old Admitted After a Fall
Authors:   University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA, VonEssen Susanna
Published: January 2025

No abstract available. Manuscript truncated after 150 words. History of Present Illness
A 35-year-old was injured at work earlier that day. He fell approximately 10 feet while power washing a hog confinement pen from inside the bucket of a skid loader. He complained of pain in his left foot. He had struck his head but denied loss of consciousness. He was admitted to an outside hospital ICU for observation.
PMH, SH, and FH
He has no chronic medical conditions and has never been hospitalized.
He has never smoked and only drinks socially. He is single.
His mother died at 55 of heart disease. His father and 6 brothers and sisters are all healthy.
Physical Examination
He is 5’5” and weighs 193 pounds. There is a head laceration and he has tenderness in his left foot. Otherwise, his physical examination is normal.
Radiology
A foot x-ray reveals fractures of the left second and third metatarsals. Head CT was interpreted …
Educación y vida intelectual
Authors: Hitz Zena
Published: January 2025

Este texto aborda el valor y los desafíos de la vida intelectual, enfatizando que es un bien humano accesible a todos, no solo a profesionales. La autora sostiene que la vida intelectual enriquece la vida interior, permitiendo una comprensión más profunda de la vida y una existencia plena y humana. Este enriquecimiento no depende de reconocimientos visibles como publicaciones o logros profesionales, sino que se desarrolla internamente. La vanidad es uno de los principales peligros de la vida intelectual, ya que puede llevar a errores y desviaciones del camino del aprendizaje real. Se destaca la importancia de mantener un contacto con la realidad y de formar parte de comunidades académicas o no académicas que ayuden a corregir errores y a avanzar en el conocimiento. A pesar de su naturaleza solitaria, la vida intelectual requiere de la interacción con otros para enriquecer la comprensión y el conocimiento. La autora recomienda construir puentes con personas de diferentes ámbitos, incluso fuera del entorno académico, para fomentar un aprendizaje más diverso y rico. En relación con la corrupción en la vida intelectual, la autora advierte sobre el peligro de utilizar el intelecto para obtener poder o estatus en lugar de buscar el conocimiento por sí mismo. También se aborda el tema de la privación y cómo puede clarificar los motivos y valores verdaderos de una persona. El amor por el aprendizaje es presentado como una herramienta para el autoconocimiento y el desarrollo personal. La autora critica la equiparación de todas las experiencias intelectuales, como jugar videojuegos y estudiar, y aboga por una jerarquía en la educación que distinga entre diferentes tipos de conocimiento. Por último, se menciona el Catherine Project, una iniciativa de la Universidad de St. John’s, que promueve la vida intelectual a través de conversaciones sobre grandes libros. Este proyecto demuestra el interés y la necesidad de espacios para el desarrollo intelectual más allá de las instituciones tradicionales.