bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When is Self-Labeling Seen as Reclaiming? The Role of User and Observer's Sexual Orientation in Processing Homophobic and Category Labels’ use
Authors: Sturaro Samuel , Suitner Caterina , Fasoli Fabio
Published: May 2023

Reclaiming involves self-labeling with derogatory labels. This behavior can be processed differently depending on contextual factors: Type of label, user, and observer. Sexual minority and heterosexual participants saw a vignette depicting either a gay or a heterosexual man who self-labeled with a derogatory or a category label. Sexual minority participants perceived the act of self-labeling with a derogatory label by a gay man as less offensive than heterosexual participants did. Sexual minorities, more than heterosexual participants, perceived self-labeling as powerful.
Phonolexical processing of Mandarin segments and tones by English speakers at different Mandarin proficiency levels
Authors: Hao Yen-Chen
Published: May 2023

The current study examined the phonolexical processing of Mandarin segments and tones by English speakers at different Mandarin proficiency levels. Eleven English speakers naive to Mandarin, 15 intermediate and 9 advanced second language (L2) learners participated in a word-learning experiment. After learning the sound and meaning of 16 Mandarin disyllabic words, they judged the matching between sound and meaning pairs, with half of the pairs being complete matches while the other half contained segmental or tonal mismatches. The results showed that all three groups were more sensitive to segmental than tonal mismatches. The two learner groups outperformed the Naive group on segmental mismatches but not on tonal mismatches. However, their reaction times revealed that the learners but not the Naive group attended to tonal variations. The current findings suggest that increasing L2 experience has limited benefit on learners’ phonolexical processing of L2 tones, probably due to their non-tonal native language background. Experience in a tonal L2 may enhance learners’ attention to the tonal dimension but may not necessarily improve their accuracy.
Health professionals’ experiences of rapport during telehealth encounters in community palliative care: An interpretive description study
Authors: English Wendy , Robinson Jackie , Gott Merryn
Published: May 2023

Background:

Despite the reported importance of rapport, there are knowledge gaps in the ways rapport is developed and experienced by health professionals during telehealth calls in palliative care.

Aim:

To gain an understanding about developing rapport during telehealth calls by exploring the experiences of health professionals in community palliative care.

Design:

A qualitative Interpretive Description study was conducted with semi-structured interviews and focus groups between November 2020 and May 2021. Data was audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed using Reflexive thematic analysis. A COREQ checklist was completed.

Setting/Participants:

Thirty-one palliative care professionals who had participated in telehealth calls were recruited from four hospice locations in Aotearoa, New Zealand.

Results:

There were two themes identified: (1) ‘Getting on together’, which included how rapport shows up in telehealth, with examples of calls with rapport and without rapport, and (2) ‘Rapport is a soft skill’, which identified health professionals using body language and listening in specific ways in telehealth, while being aware of the privacy of calls, and lack of training concerns.

Conclusion:

Based on health professionals experiences of rapport it was determined that rapport is vitally important in telehealth calls, as it is in-person interactions. Rapport is a soft skill that can potentially be learned, practiced and mastery developed, although rapport in each interaction is not guaranteed. Patient and family experiences of rapport in the palliative telehealth area warrants further research and there is some urgency for health professional training in telehealth interpersonal skills.
‘You have a little human being kicking inside you and an unbearable pain of knowing there will be a void at the end’: A meta-ethnography exploring the experience of parents whose baby is diagnosed antenatally with a life limiting or life-threatening condition
Authors: Tatterton Michael J , Fisher Megan J
Published: May 2023

Background:

Parents of babies diagnosed with life limiting conditions in the perinatal period face numerous challenges. Considerations include the remainder of the pregnancy, delivery of the baby and decisions around care in the neonatal period.

Aim:

To increase understanding of how parents experience the diagnosis of a life-limiting or life-threatening condition, during pregnancy and following the birth of their baby, by answering the question: ‘what is known about the perinatal experiences of parents of babies with a life-limiting or life-threatening diagnosis?’

Design:

A meta-ethnography was conducted to synthesise findings from existing qualitative evidence.

Data sources:

British Nursing Database, CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO and Embase databases were searched in January 2023.

Findings:

Relationships between parents and their families and friends, and with professionals influence the needs and experiences of parents, which oscillate between positive and negative experiences, throughout parents’ perinatal palliative care journey. Parents highlighted the need for control and a sense of normality relating to their parenting experience. Validation was central to the experience of parents at all stages of parenthood. Relationships between the parent and the baby were unwavering, underpinned with unconditional love.

Conclusion:

Professionals, family members and friendship groups influence the experience, validating parents and their baby’s identity and supporting parents in having a sense of control and normality by demonstrating empathy, and providing time and clear communication.
‘It is easier to not allow them to see your disability straight away, to see you as a person’: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of video gaming from the perspectives of men with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Peat George , Rodriguez Alison , Smith Joanna
Published: May 2023

Background:

Young men with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy benefit from palliative care that supports their psychosocial needs. Acknowledging the sub-cultures they engage with can support their wellbeing. Anecdotal reports suggest video gaming is a sub-culture engaged with by young men with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Aim:

To explore the lived experience of video gaming from the perspective of young men with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Design:

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach involving in-depth interviews using a topic guide that focused on social media broadly, with reference to video gaming. Sequential interviewing was undertaken to support participation regarding fatigue and tiredness, symptoms of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Setting/participants:

Participants were purposefully recruited from a hospice in the North of England. Twitter was used to support recruitment. Eight young men with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy were recruited to the study.

Results:

Five themes were developed; ‘gamer as a shared and accepted identity’, ‘an existential and bodily escapism’, ‘introspection through video gaming’, ‘video gaming as a release’ and ‘when life gives you few choices-video game’. Motivations for engagement with video gaming are diverse and reflective of the situated perspectives of young men with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Conclusions:

An awareness of the popular sub-cultures that young men with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy engage with is key to building a therapeutic alliance, establishing rapport and recognising personhood in interactions between professionals and persons in palliative care settings. This study highlights the value of video gaming, offering professionals valuable insight into its placement in the daily lives of young men with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
Effect of CannEpil® on simulated driving performance and co-monitoring of ocular activity: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Manning Brooke , Hayley Amie C , Catchlove Sarah , Shiferaw Brook , Stough Con , Downey Luke A
Published: May 2023

Background:

Medicinal cannabis products containing Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are increasingly accessible. Yet, policy guidelines regarding fitness to drive are lacking, and cannabinoid-specific indexations of impairment are underdeveloped.

Aims:

To determine the impact of a standardised 1 mL sublingual dose of CannEpil®, a medicinal cannabis oil containing 100 mg cannabidiol (CBD) and 5 mg THC on simulated driving performance, relative to placebo and whether variations in vehicle control can be indexed by ocular activity.

Methods:

A double-blind, within-subjects, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover trial assessed 31 healthy fully licensed drivers (15 male, 16 female) aged between 21 and 58 years ( M = 38.0, SD = 10.78). Standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP), standard deviation of speed (SDS) and steering variability were assessed over time and as a function of treatment during a 40 min simulated drive, with oculomotor parameters assessed simultaneously. Oral fluid and plasma were collected at 30 min and 2.5 h.

Results:

CannEpil did not significantly alter SDLP across the full drive, although increased SDLP was observed between 20 and 30 min ( p < 0.05). CannEpil increased SDS across the full drive ( p < 0.05), with variance greatest at 20–30 min ( p < 0.001). CannEpil increased fixation duration ( p < 0.05), blink rate (trend p = 0.051) and decreased blink duration ( p < 0.001) during driving. No significant correlations were observed between biological matrices and performance outcomes.

Conclusions:

CannEpil impairs select aspects of vehicle control (speed and weaving) over time. Alterations to ocular behaviour suggest that eye tracking may assist in determining cannabis-related driver impairment or intoxication. Australian and New Zealand Clinician Trials Registry, https://anzctr.org.au(ACTRN12619000932167) .
Competition and Local Government's Choice Between Informal and Formal Collaborative Mechanisms: Measuring Dyadic Intercity Competition Through the Lens of Business Trade-Offs
Authors: Ki Namhoon
Published: May 2023

Informal and formal collaborative mechanisms are distinctive self-governing strategies that local governments use to mitigate intergovernmental collaboration risks. Studies on local governance have long argued that both mechanisms tend to co-occur and appear mutually complementary. However, extant research drawing on the transaction cost perspective provides a more nuanced and different explanation that as intergovernmental competition increases, local governments lean toward the choice of a formal mechanism over an informal mechanism to effectively address higher collaboration risks. Through a network lens, this study empirically tests the latter view. Using the Orlando metropolitan area as a testbed, Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure tests reveal that the use of both collaborative mechanisms is positively associated with the level of intergovernmental competition. However, different from the initial expectation, local governments are more likely to engage in the informal mechanism rather than the formal mechanism as the competition level increases. In doing so, this study developed a new measurement strategy for intergovernmental competition to test the dyadic network-related research hypotheses. The measurement strategy and the research findings should inform future research on intergovernmental relations and local government network management.
The Night and Life on the Streets: Disorder in an Irish Town in the 1820s and 1830s
Authors: Caball Marc
Published: May 2023

It is argued in this essay that the streets of Tralee in south-west Munster in the late 1820s and early 1830s were characterised by a protean, anarchic and often oppositional culture which was both diurnal and very frequently nocturnal in its context of enactment. Indeed, more often than not, darkness framed and enabled expressions of dissidence, resistance and criminality. Technology would, in due course, challenge the imperium of darkness.
Validity of Variable Message Sign Information: Is It Influenced by Drivers’ Short-Term Memory?
Authors: Du Jianwei , Ren Gang , Cui Jialei , Liu Wei , Ma Jingfeng , Wu Chenyang , Cao Qi
Published: May 2023

Variable message signs (VMSs), as a key component of intelligent transportation systems, have been frequently used in the management of urban roads to provide drivers with real-time traffic information. Nevertheless, a lack of unified regulations for VMS design, makes it difficult to accurately determine the validity of VMS information. In practice, inappropriately designed VMSs (e.g., VMSs overloaded with information and long setting distances) are common. In this study, laboratory simulation trials were conducted to assess VMS information validity in relation to the short-term memory (STM) capacity of drivers. Specifically, drivers capacity to easily obtain and respond correctly to valid VMS information based on memorized target information. Sixty participants completed the trials and pre-/postquestionnaires. Subjective evaluation, dynamic information acquisition rate, accuracy, and memory reliability were analyzed to evaluate their relationship with VMS information validity. The results confirmed that STM considering the information demand rate significantly affected the validity of the VMS information. Information validity deteriorated as the information volume and VMS setting distance increased. Reasonable validity was found when memory reliability ranged between 0.85 and 1.5 and the information volume was no more than 90 bits, corresponding to a subjective evaluation of 1, an accuracy of at least 80%, and a suggested STM time of 43.46 s. These criteria would satisfy driver information demand and prevent information redundancy or wasting of resources. These findings provide a basis for determining the thresholds for VMS information to promote practical and user-friendly VMS designs on urban roads.
Effect of Repetitive Corticosteroid Injection on Tennis Elbow Surgery
Authors: Ha Cheungsoo , Cho Weonmin , Hong In-Tae , Park Junhyoung , Ahn Wooyeol , Han Soo-Hong
Published: May 2023

Background:

Lateral epicondylitis is a chronic tendinopathy of humeral origin of the common extensor tendon. Most patients show improvement after nonoperative treatment. However, 4% to 11% of patients require surgical treatment. Although corticosteroid injection is one of the most commonly applied nonoperative treatment methods, to the authors’ knowledge, no study has reported the effect of the number of preoperative corticosteroid injections on the final postoperative outcome. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of the number of preoperative corticosteroid injections on postoperative clinical outcomes.

Hypothesis:

The number of corticosteroid injections before surgical treatment does not affect postoperative clinical outcomes.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

As a retrospective review, from January 2007 to December 2019, a total of 99 patients who had undergone surgical treatment of lateral epicondylitis with a modified Nirschl technique were enrolled. The number of preoperative corticosteroid injections was investigated by medical record review. Outcome measurements included visual analog pain scale; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score; Mayo Elbow Performance Score; and the Nirschl and Pettrone grade. Grip power and wrist extension power were measured using a digital dynamometer.

Results:

A total of 99 patients were included in this study. The mean total number of injections of patients was 4.37 ± 2.46 times (range, 1-15 times). Total duration of nonoperative treatment before surgery was 25.4 ± 20.5 months (range, 4-124.8 months). The mean postoperative follow-up period was 42.8 ± 28.0 months (range, 12-110 months). For all injection numbers, clinical scores showed significant improvement in visual analog pain scale, DASH score, Mayo elbow score, grip power, and wrist extension power after surgery. Regression analysis showed that the degree of improvement according to the injection number was not statistically significant. The Nirschl and Pettrone grade was excellent in 82 (82.8%) patients, good in 14 (14.1%) patients, fair in 2 (2%) patient, and failure in 1 (1%) patient.

Conclusion:

The number of preoperative corticosteroid injections does not appear to affect postoperative clinical outcomes of patients with lateral epicondylitis who undergo surgery with a modified Nirschl technique.
Irreversible Electroporation Improves Tendon Healing in a Rat Model of Collagenase-Induced Achilles Tendinopathy
Authors: Wang Xin , Xu Kui , Zhang Eryang , Bai Qian , Ma Baoan , Zhao ChenGuang , Zhang Kailiang , Liu Tao , Ma Zhouyong , Zeng Hui , Zhou Yong , Li Zhao
Published: May 2023

Background:

Treatment of painful chronic tendinopathy is challenging, and there is an urgent need to develop new regenerative methods. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) can lead to localized cell ablation by electrical pulses and induce new cell and tissue growth. Previously, the authors’ group reported that electroporation-ablated tendons fully regenerated.

Purpose:

To assess the efficiency of IRE in improving tendon healing using a collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy rat model.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

After screening for the IRE ablation parameters, a collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy rat model was used to assess the efficacy of IRE in improving tendon healing via biomechanical, behavioral, histological, and immunofluorescence assessments.

Results:

The experiments showed that the parameter of 875 V/cm 180 pulses could ablate most tenocytes, and apoptosis was the main type of death in vitro. In vivo, IRE promoted the healing process of chronic tendinopathy in the Achilles tendon of rats, based on biomechanical, behavioral, and histological assessments. Finally, immunofluorescence results revealed that IRE improved blood supply in the early stages of tendon repair and could potentially reduce neuropathic pain.

Conclusion:

IRE enhanced tendon tissue healing in a rat model of collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy.

Clinical Relevance:

IRE may as a potential alternative treatment for tendinopathy in clinical usage.
“I Get to See Another Day”: Examining Where Black and Latinx Youth From Economically Disenfranchised Chicago Neighborhoods Find Happiness
Authors: Uriostegui Marbella , Lay Taylor , Roy Amanda L. , Villasanta Samantha
Published: May 2023

The goal of this research is to document and contextualize sources of happiness for Black and Latinx youth living in economically disenfranchised, Chicago neighborhoods. We examined youth’s open-ended responses to the question “What makes you happiest in life?” The sample consists of 409 Black (73%) and Latinx (27%) youth (54% female; on average 15 years old, SD = 0.80). Using an inductive process, we developed relevant codes and applied them to the data. Whereas previous research has found that youth are happiest when they take a break from their routine lives (i.e., leisure), we find that youth include aspects of their daily lives in their concepts of happiness, including financial security and wellbeing, social support, spirituality, and goodwill and service. Youth’s in-depth reflections on what makes them happy are contextualized with quantitative data describing their experiences with structural oppression including poverty, financial hardship, neighborhood poverty, and exposure to violence. We find that youth find happiness despite, often by resisting, the structural constraints in their lives. These findings highlight that for Black and Latinx youth happiness may not solely be an emotional state, but also a strategy for coping with structural oppression.
On Reckoning with Games of Chance in the Dutch Republic
Authors: Kelly Jessen
Published: May 2023

This article examines a distinctive type of drinking vessel that was produced in early modern northern Europe known as a ‘somersault cup’ or ‘drink-up’. Lacking a proper base, such beakers had to be emptied of their intoxicating contents before they could rest, inverted, on their rims. These cups clearly lent themselves to hazardous drinking games. The author considers how the confrontation with chance in these drinking vessels broadly pertains to managing the hazards of maritime vessels. She focuses on the implications of dice glasses, which incorporate a single die, in the Dutch Republic circa 1580–1700. The advent of the dice vessels coincides with the Republic's ascendancy as a global mercantile and maritime power. These glasses were produced just as uncertain futures were increasingly subjected to reasoned calculation, particularly in the growing marine insurance industry. Dice glasses suggest complex relationships between numbers and material things in early constructions of risk and future uncertainty.
Secondary Institutional Betrayal: Implications for Observing Mistreatment of Sexual Assault Survivors Secondhand
Authors: PettyJohn Morgan E. , Kynn Jax , Anderson Grace K. , McCauley Heather L.
Published: May 2023

Institutional betrayal has been used to describe the experiences of sexual assault survivors who are harmed by institutions which they rely on for safety or survival. This concept has primarily been studied in the context of survivors’ direct relationships with institutions they are members of (e.g., universities, churches, military) and how the said institutions either failed to protect them or were unsupportive following their disclosure. Institutional betrayal can exacerbate negative mental and physical health outcomes for survivors, highlighting a need to hold institutions accountable for harm they cause. A limitation to this conceptualization is that many adults in the general public are not proximally connected to institutions (as they have historically been defined), and the majority of survivors do not formally report. Drawing on semi-structured interviews conducted with young women survivors ( n = 12), the present study aims to address this gap by abstracting the conceptualization to a more macro level, proposing the term secondary institutional betrayal. Secondary institutional betrayal refers to survivors’ feelings of mistrust and disillusionment toward institutions they are distally connected to which are not directly involved in their own assault (e.g., the media, U.S. government, U.S. criminal legal system, their university), yet still have influence over their personal safety and survival. This sense of betrayal stems from secondhand observations, through the news media, of how other survivors are treated by these institutions. Many survivors in the present study reported their secondhand observations of institutional betrayal would likely deter them from reporting future assaults. Establishing research in this area is important to understand how survivors in the general public are impacted by news stories which highlight institutional betrayal, particularly in the context of ongoing social movements (e.g., #MeToo) which amplify public discourse about sexual assault.
Comparative study on three body abrasive wear behaviour of natural compliant thermoplastic composite under dry and lubricated conditions
Authors: Mahesh Vishwas
Published: May 2023

This experimental study investigates the three-body abrasive wear behavior of jute/natural rubber flexible green composite under both dry and lubricated conditions. The composite material is prepared using a layering and compression method. A three-body abrasion tester is used to conduct the wear testing under various loads. The use of a lubricant further enhances the wear resistance of the composite, reducing the wear rate and friction coefficient. Mass loss of Jute/Rubber/Jute, Jute/Rubber/Rubber/Jute and Jute/Rubber/Jute/Rubber/Jute in lubricated wear condition is 44.44%, 15.87% and 29.96% less compared to dry wear condition. Wear mechanisms of the composite material are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing the presence of fiber breakage, and adhesive wear. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the abrasive wear behavior of jute/natural rubber flexible green composite and its potential applications in various industrial sectors.
Ownership Heterogeneity and Corporate Innovation Output: A Study on Family Blockholders and Activist Hedge Funds
Authors: Leute Matthias , Bammens Yannick , Carree Martin , Huybrechts Jolien
Published: May 2023

This study examines the interplay between two influential yet opposing shareholder types—family blockholders and hedge funds—in relation to corporate innovation output. Using panel data on U.S. publicly traded firms listed in the S&P 1500, we find that family blockholders have a negative effect on radical innovation output in the form of citation-weighted patents and that this negative effect is intensified in the presence of activist hedge funds. Our study advances insight into the implications of ownership heterogeneity for innovation output choices in family-influenced firms.
Novel double-deck Rzeppa constant velocity joint with large operating angle: Mechanism configuration and kinematic characteristics analysis
Authors: Shi Shuyang , Chu Hongpeng , Qiu Xuesong , Zhou Yulin
Published: May 2023

Considering existing Rzeppa joints’ small operating angle, this research aims to explore a new ball-cage joint mechanism configuration with large operating angle while preserving Rzeppa joints’ kinematic characteristics, yielding novel double-deck Rzeppa constant velocity joints (DR-CVJs). An integrated coupling design method for a series kinematic chain of two Rzeppa joints is proposed, and a new ball-cage joint initial configuration is established. By introducing a constraint branch, a single mapping between input and output is established, and the novel DR-CVJ mechanism configuration with large operating angle is constructed. The degree-of-freedom properties of the DR-CVJ mechanism are assessed using the screw theory. The maximum operating angle’s constraint conditions of the DR-CVJ mechanism are given, and its working space is drawn. The kinematic solution of the DR-CVJ mechanism is obtained, and kinematic simulations are performed. The results show that the principle of the novel DR-CVJ mechanism configuration is feasible, its effective maximum operating angle can reach 60°, its kinematic characteristics are consistent with those of the existing Rzeppa joints, and the proposed DR-CVJ mechanism configuration has engineering development potential.
A comprehensive study on Hertzian contact stress behaviour of engineering thermoplastic gears using 3D finite element analysis
Authors: Sugunesh AP , Johnney Mertens A
Published: May 2023

Two-dimensional Finite Element Analysis is frequently utilized to determine the behaviour of gear contact stress due to its computational time and higher efficiency. Based on the gear tooth-to-face width ratio, either plane stress or plane strain was selected in the investigations. However, the existing investigations failed to explain the above selection criteria. Thus, the present work attempted to do detailed contact stress investigations for all thermoplastic gears using 3D FEA and compared them with 2D FEA. Based on the criteria, the face widths of 5 and 20 mm were selected during the 3D analyses, replicating the plane stress and plane strain conditions of the 2D analysis. Contact stress variations with respect to face width were extracted at 10 distinct locations. For both 5 and 20 mm gears, higher contact stresses were obtained on gear edges, whereas lesser contact stresses were in the centre regions of the gear. For all the analysed thermoplastic gears, 5 and 20 mm face-width gears exhibited plane stress conditions. Subsurface and surface stress was detected during 3D and 2D analysis for both gears. For PP, the maximum contact stress occurred at the lowest depth value of 0.15–0.155 mm, and PC exhibited maximum contact stress at 0.275–0.28 mm depth. A dimensionless ratio of proportional limit – to – young’s modulus was introduced to predict the maximum contact stress depth for the thermoplastic gears. And it was observed that the ratio is directly proportional to the maximum contact stress depth value.
Study of discharge characteristics and multi objective optimisation of machining parameters in ultrasonic vibration assisted micro electrical discharge machining
Authors: Varghese Leeba , Kailathuvalappil Kochunny Manesh , George Jerin
Published: May 2023

Micro-EDM is a non-traditional manufacturing technique that uses the heat energy of the plasma to remove material. When there is a sufficient electric potential between two electrodes, the dielectric in between becomes ionised, resulting in the formation of a plasma channel. The net discharge energy produced is the result of the current and voltage present at the inter-electrode gap (IEG). The current and voltage waveforms obtained from the oscilloscope are used to calculate the discharge energy. A small part of this discharge energy gets converted as plasma temperature, which facilitates material removal in micro-EDM. Because plasma is the only source of heat, its properties must be studied. In the present study, Optical Emission Spectroscopy is used to calculate the temperature of the plasma. This article explores the scope of a hybrid micro EDM process, where an ultrasonic vibration is integrated to the tool electrode. A systematic approach using Response Surface Methodology is employed for modelling and analysis of plasma properties and material removal in micro EDM. Two types of input parameters were chosen: Voltage and pulse on time being the electrical parameters, and Amplitude and Frequency as the vibrational parameters. Dielectric used is deionised water. A single spark experiment was performed on Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy and tool used was of same material. Ultrasonic vibration was provided to the tool using a piezoelectric actuator. It was found that electrical parameters have a significant impact in determining plasma properties and material removal properties. Vibrational parameters play a vital impact in enhancing the crater’s surface features.
Soret and Dufour effects on the magnetohydrodynamic free convective flow of Maxwell nanofluid past an infinite stretching sheet
Authors: Harikrushna M , Prabhakara Rao G , Veera Krishna M
Published: May 2023

The authors are interested in understanding how a magnetic field and cross-diffusion influence non-Newtonian Maxwell nanoliquid boundary layer flow towards the non-linearly stretched sheet when there are also thermophoresis as well as Brownian movement effects present in the reference frame. Specifically, the purpose of this research is to learn more about the Maxwell nanofluid properties of a stretched sheet in a normal magnetic field, in addition to the effects of three distinct slip situations (velocity, thermal and solutal). The partially differential equations with non-linear coefficients are used to obtain the leading equations. These equations were distorted into advantageous non-linear ordinary differential equations by using the appropriate transformation variables and transformation coefficients. To investigate the computational resolutions of the reduced set of non-linear ordinary differential equations, it was developed and used the Keller box method, which was developed for numerical solutions. The simulation considers the nanofluid velocity, temperature, concentration, skin frictions coefficient, the rate of temperature transport, as well as the rate of mass transport, among other variables. The validity of this method is shown via the comparisons of the current results by the previous findings in the literature.
Self-deploying amorphous metal origami structures for environmental protection of lunar payloads
Authors: Oropeza Daniel , McMahan Connor , Hofmann Douglas C
Published: May 2023

The development of small subterranean deployable structures provides a novel methodology for thermal insulation and radiation protection of scientific payloads for future lunar missions. This work showcases the fabrication and characterization of an origami-inspired self-deploying dome fabricated from amorphous metal foil, taking advantage of the high elastic strain limit of amorphous metals to store energy for deployment in the foil folds when the structure is in the stored configuration. Experiments are performed to understand the influence of material selection on stored energy and springback. A cylindrical structure is fabricated to develop a simulation model for origami-inspired amorphous metal structures and probe the structural integrity of amorphous metal foil structures during repeated loading cycles. Finally, a prototype deployable dome structure is manufactured to showcase the self-deployment strategy and investigate deformation under a simulated lunar regolith load.
Progrès ou décadence, art ou fumisterie? La critique fin-de-siècle des synesthésies
Authors: Wicky Erika
Published: May 2023

Defined as the individual and recurrent association of the mental image of a color with the perception of a sound, colored hearing—including the sensory perceptions named synesthesia from the 1890s onwards—had a substantial impact on both the arts and sciences during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. During this media age, chronicles, popular essays, fiction, works by art, literary, and theatrical critics, and caricatures dealing with this modality of sensory perception multiplied in the newspaper and specialized press, in fashion newspapers, and in the satirical press. Often in dialogue with each other, these articles and drawings constitute a corpus testifying of the international reception of the arts and sciences of synesthesia. Above all, the press articles reflect a keen interest in synesthesia, which emerged as a social topic that, at times, aroused exasperation or enthusiasm but most often curiosity and perplexity. Three main postures stand out in the critical reception of synesthetic or polysensorial works of art: doubts about the reality of these perceptions, which were expressed in spite of the scientific endorsement from which the synesthesia benefited; the enthusiasm stemming from the emergence of novel perceptions likely to transform one's relationship to art and the world; and, finally, the belief that these perceptions testified to a degeneration of art and humanity. The aim of this article is to observe how these questions, fundamental to the history of aesthetic appreciation, were presented to the large and diverse reading public of the fin-de-siècle press in order to highlight the conceptions and judgments associated with synesthesia as well as the endogenous links forged among sensory perception, progress, and decadence. This approach allows us to better grasp the enthusiasm and resistance generated by questioning the hierarchies that have governed the history of the senses and the arts.
Reacting to homophobia in a French online discussion: The fuzzy boundaries between heteronormativity and homophobia
Authors: Määttä Simo , Vernet Samuel
Published: May 2023

This article analyzes how participants of an online discussion thread related to a YouTube video on homophobia expressed their opposition to homophobia. Both the video and the 403 posts in the discussion thread are in French. On the surface, the data are characterized by strong antagonism between the stances that support and those that are critical of LGBTQ persons. However, a closer look at the posts expressing a pro-LGBTQ stance reveals considerable variation among them: they range from an open deconstruction of homophobia to more ambivalent positions that draw on ideologies circulating within the heteronormative order and are naturalized in the everyday discourse of spontaneous online interactions. We analyze five categories of posts expressing different forms of pro-LGBTQ stances to highlight their fuzzy boundaries with homophobic stances. The analysis draws on argumentative discourse analysis, focusing on process types used to construct arguments and topoi, as well as deictic elements through which the authors of these posts express their distance vis-à-vis homophobia and LGBTQ persons.
Children's Legal Geographies, and the “Make-Believe” of Property
Authors: Noterman Elsa , Blomley Nicholas
Published: May 2023

What is a wall to a child? It may be an obstacle course, a balance beam, a “car,” a seat, a home for spiders and ladybugs, a place to play hide and seek, a support to lean on when learning to walk, a perch for cats, a musical instrument to be played with sticks and hands. Rather than just a barrier, the wall can also become an incitement to explore that which lies beyond it. So how does a wall become just a territorial marker—a designation of private property, an imposing boundary line that cuts through space, dividing mine and yours? And what can children's engagement with the boundary, and the legalized attempts to prevent and punish their boundary-crossing, tell us about the social work of private property? In addressing these questions, we aim to take seriously the iterative “why?” of small children when confronted with territorial rules and related violence.
Evaluating Research and Scholarly Impact in Criminology and Criminal Justice in the United Kingdom and Italy: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Lavorgna Anita , Ugwudike Pamela , Vianello Francesca
Published: May 2023

What scholarly impact is, and how it is evaluated, vary across different countries. In the United Kingdom, for instance, scholarly impact is mainly assessed through the Research Excellence Framework (REF) in the context of providing—among other things—accountability for public investment in research, demonstrating the public benefits of research, and informing the selective allocation of research funding. In the REF system, impact needs to show a demonstrable effect on change, or evidence of benefits outside academia, and is formally assessed through case studies. In Italy, there is a comparable system for evaluating research, known as Evaluation of Research Quality, but in this latter case, the focus is on the quality of selected research outputs as indicators of research performance. Impact is here considered with reference to the so-called third mission (which includes activities aimed at the valorization of research, and activities that have positive spillovers into society at large) and is evaluated separately. Our contribution aims at critically analyzing the commonalities and differences of these two systems when it comes to evaluating research in Criminology and Criminal Justice, considering some of the benefits and potential pitfalls of research evaluation in both regions, and discussing how these disciplines are framed and delimited differently in the two countries considered.
A Rare Presentation of Minimally Invasive Mesothelioma as a Large Tension Pneumothorax
Authors: Marshall Tanya , Lane Jason , Lahorra Joseph
Published: May 2023

Development of mesothelioma is associated with asbestos exposure. Common presentations are with pleural-based plaques invading the chest wall and/or pleural effusion on chest imaging. The intent of this case report is to describe a rare presentation of mesothelioma, which presented atypically as a large tension pneumothorax. A 93-year-old male presented with a history of dyspnea that started after a coughing episode. On physical examination he was hemodynamically stable, but was hypoxic requiring 2L of supplemental oxygen. Computed tomography of the chest revealed a large right tension pneumothorax. A chest tube was placed and connected to suction (−20cmH20), but he continued to have an unresolving air leak over the following 2-week period. Upon video-assisted thoracotomy there were no blebs or adhesions seen. Right apical wedge resection and talc pleurodesis were performed. Pathologic examination revealed an atypical mesothelial cell proliferation with minimal, focal invasion into the pulmonary parenchyma. Tumor spread along the visceral pleura was thought to be the underlying cause of the pneumothorax. The surgical margins were uninvolved by the tumor, and the patient was later discharged home in stable condition. This was a rare presentation of what could best be described as minimally invasive mesothelioma arising in a background of probable mesothelioma in situ, which presented atypically as a large tension pneumothorax. This case highlighted the importance of establishing a pathologic diagnosis from pleural effusion cytology and/or pleural biopsy in persons presenting with spontaneous pneumothorax, and the difficulty in confirming a pathologic diagnosis of early mesothelial neoplasia.
Adamantinoma-Like Ewing Sarcoma Mimicking Merkel Cell Carcinoma in the Parotid Gland: A Diagnostic Pitfall
Authors: Saikia Kasturi , Alruwaii Fatimah I. , Wu Vivian , Keller Christian , Chitale Dhananjay , Al-Obaidy Khaleel I.
Published: May 2023

Adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma (ALES) is a newly described rare entity, which shows EWSR1::FLI1 rearrangement characteristic of Ewing sarcoma. This can be diagnostically challenging as it manifests histologically with epithelial differentiation and has diffuse keratin expression as well as p40 and p60 positivity. We hereby report a case of ALES in a 33-year-old woman with a past medical history of breast carcinoma who presented with a right-sided parotid mass. CT scan of the neck showed a heterogenous mass within the superficial lobe, measuring 17 mm in diameter for which the patient underwent superficial parotidectomy. Histopathology of the mass revealed a malignant neoplasm formed of solid nests, cords and sheets of cells with minimal cytoplasm and monomorphic nuclei with granular chromatin and indistinct nucleoli. Brisk mitotic activity and tumor necrosis were also present. The tumor showed strong and diffuse reactivity for pankeratin (clone AE1/AE3) and keratin 20, both in a dot-like pattern, raising the suspicion of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma; however, molecular studies showed EWSR1::FLI1 rearrangement, supporting the diagnosis of ALES. In summary, it is prudent to have knowledge about this entity to avoid its misdiagnosis as other malignancies of the head and neck region which exhibit a different clinical course, prognosis and hence treatment modalities.
A Novel c.100C > G Mutation in the FST Gene and Its Relation With the Reproductive Traits of Awassi Ewes
Authors: Al-Thuwaini Tahreer M , Albazi Wefak J , Al-Shuhaib Mohammed Baqur S , Merzah Layth H , Mohammed Rihab G , Rhadi Fadhil A , Abd Al-Hadi Ali B , Alkhammas Ahmed H
Published: May 2023

Reproductive traits are affected by many factors, including ovarian function, hormones, and genetics. Genetic polymorphisms of candidate genes are associated with reproductive traits. Several candidate genes are associated with economic traits, including the follistatin ( FST) gene. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate whether the genetic variations in the FST gene are associated with the reproductive traits in Awassi ewes. The genomic DNA was extracted from 109 twin ewes and 123 single-progeny ewes. Therefore, 4 sequence fragments from the FST gene were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (exon 2/240, exon 3/268, exon 4/254, and exon 5/266 bp, respectively). For a 254 bp amplicon, 3 genotypes were identified: CC, CG, and GG. Sequencing revealed a novel mutation in CG genotypes c.100C > G. The statistical analysis of c.100C > G showed an association with reproductive characteristics. Ewes carrying the c.100C > G had significantly ( P ⩽ .01) lower litter sizes, twinning rates, lambing rates, and more days to lambing compared with CG and CC genotypes. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that the c.100C > G single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is responsible for decreasing litter size. According to these results, the variant c.100C > G negatively affects the traits of interest and is associated with lower reproductive traits in Awassi sheep. As a result of this study, ewes carrying the c.100C > G SNP have lower litter size and are less prolific.
Determination of Picolinic Acid by HPLC Coupled With Postcolumn Photo Irradiation Using Zinc Acetate as a Fluorescent Derivatization Reagent
Authors: Mawatari Ken-ichi , Tanikawa Yuika , Yasuda Makoto , Fukuuchi Tomoko , Yamaoka Noriko , Kaneko Kiyoko , Nakagomi Kazuya , Oku Naoto
Published: May 2023

For the fluorometric determination of picolinic acid in human serum, HPLC-postcolumn UV irradiation using zinc acetate has been developed. Picolinic acid in serum sample was separated on a Capcell Pak C18. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1 mol/L sodium phosphate solution (adjusted to pH 3.0) containing 3.0 mmol/L zinc acetate and 3.5 mmol/L trimethylamine, and delivered at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/minutes. In order to stabilize the retention time (6.5 minutes), a back pressure tube (0.4 m × 0.13 mm i.d.) was attached after the photoreaction tube. Column effluent was irradiated with ultraviolet light to produce fluorescence, excitation wavelength of 336 nm and emission wavelength of 448 nm. The calibration graph for picolinic acid showed linearity when the amount was in the range of 0.89 to 455 pmol, and the detection limit (S/N = 3) was determined to be 0.30 pmol. The pretreatment of serum sample consisted of deproteinized by perchloric acid, potassium hydroxide, and mobile phase. The mean recovery of picolinic acid from serum was 99.0%. Using this procedure, the concentration of picolinic acid in serum of a healthy subject was determined.
Facilitators and barriers in the implementation of a culturally adapted Arabic version of Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) among Palestinian Arabs in Israel
Authors: Daass-Iraqi Sara , Garber-Epstein Paula , Roe David
Published: May 2023

The Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) program has been implemented in several countries including Israel. This study examines, from the perspective of Arab practitioners, facilitators and barriers in the implementation of a culturally-adapted version of the IMR intervention among Arabs with serious mental illness in Israel. Fourteen Arab practitioners who had delivered the culturally adapted IMR were interviewed. The analysis of the interviews identiﬁed facilitators and barriers, divided into universal factors found when implementing the intervention elsewhere in the world, and culture-specific ones. Facilitators included the manual on which the intervention was based, bypassing verbal communication, ongoing supervision during implementation, the group process, co-facilitation and the cultural adaptations. The barriers included three universal ones: Meeting needs beyond IMR due to service shortage, Reputation is everything: Self- and social stigma and Pulling the others back: Difficulties in reading and writing—and one that was culture-specific: family over-involvement. Identifying facilitators and barriers in the implementation of the adapted IMR can contribute to the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) in the mental health area. Notably, multiple culture-specific facilitators have been identified, as opposed to only one culture-specific barrier, suggesting that cultural differences may be overcome in implementing EBPs developed in the West.