bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic effects of changes in VAT rates in Russia
Authors: Tikhonova Anna Vital'evna , Zas'ko Vadim Nikolaevich
Published: September 2023

The subject of the study is the effects of reforming the value added tax. In particular, the authors analyze the economic consequences of an increase in the VAT rate from 18 to 20% in 2020. The following effects are assessed: inflationary, consumer, investment and budgetary. The results are compared with the conclusions obtained earlier by domestic and foreign scientists on the example of developed and developing countries of the world. As research methods, analysis and synthesis, tabular and graphical methods of data visualization, analysis of time series, comparison method, structural and trend analyzes are used. The study contains a number of methodological limitations, which are also consecrated in the work. A special contribution of the authors to the study of the topic is the expansion of the zones of influence of indirect taxation on business and the population. In particular, the authors conclude that despite the presence of a number of negative effects of the increase in the VAT rate for business, nevertheless, such negative effects are most pronounced in relation to the population. They consist in accelerating inflation and reducing consumption in the short term. At the same time, the hypothesis of a significant impact of the VAT rate on investment processes is refuted, which is substantiated by an analysis of the indicators of the investment activity of economic entities in Russia.
Russian tax policy under sanctions pressure: theoretical approaches and alternative directions for practical implementation
Authors: Mel'nikova Nadezhda Petrovna , Tikhonova Anna Vital'evna
Published: September 2023

The article examines the theoretical and methodological issues of building the tax policy of the state in the face of overcoming the negative consequences of the sanctions pressure of the collective West and the United States. We presented the results of the analysis of external and internal factors influencing the implementation of the state tax policy. We have formed five groups of external factors that are most relevant for tax policy in the context of sanctions pressure in the present period of time (the significance of sanctions pressure; the objective need for a significant increase in budget revenues in the context of the military operation; the need for comprehensive support for organizations of the military-industrial complex; ensuring the technological sovereignty of the country; electoral campaign 2023-2024). Based on a generalization of Russian taxation practice in 2014-2021, we have identified the most effective tax tools to counteract the negative economic consequences of sanctions pressure on Russia. The result of the study was the substantiation of the feasibility of an alternative solution to the issue of switching to a progressive personal income tax as a tool to increase budget revenues and equalize income inequality between the rich and the poor. Two possible approaches to the implementation of the tax maneuver in the field of taxation of the population are argued. This is a revival in the Russian tax system of the previously levied (1992-2005) inheritance and gift tax, taking into account modern realities. We have shown the relevance of raising the VAT rate as a tool for transferring part of the tax burden from the population's income to their expenses (consumption).
To the question of the boundaries of the fictionality of the narrated event. "Every hundred years. A novel with a diary" by A. Matveeva
Authors: Ageeva Natalia
Published: September 2023

The object of research in this article was A. Matveeva's novel "Every Hundred Years", published in 2022 and included in the shortlist of the Big Book Award. A novel with a diary." The specificity of this work lies in the fact that the parallel developing life stories of the two heroines are presented in the form of their personal diaries, one of which is fictitious in nature, and the second is a real diary, which was kept throughout her life by A. Matveeva's grandmother, Ksenia Mikhailovna Levshina. In this regard, the question arises not only about the distinction between fiction and nonfiction literature, but also about what happens to the status of a personal diary belonging to the category of non-aesthetic texts when it is included in the context of a work of fiction, the solution of which became the purpose of this study. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the introduction to the theoretical basis of the study were the classical works of M. Riffater, J. Genette and V. Yser, devoted to the nature of fictionality, as well as general provisions concerning the signs of a fictional text, set out in the work of V. Schmid "Narratalogy". In the process of analyzing the novel, it was revealed that when fragments of the text of real diaries are placed in the context of a deliberately fictitious world, not only the relationship of the image of the character Xenichka to the real referent (K. M. Levshina) is lost, but also the text of her personal diaries lose their connection with factuality and acquire the status of an object of comprehension. The narrated event in the novel, therefore, is not only and not so much the life stories of the two characters, but also the interaction of the factual and fictional, intimate ego-document and novel, the very writing of any text, both artistic and documentary, and the understanding of life as an aesthetic object.
Mythological signs in the analysis of the language in the English fantasy texts and their differences from occasionalisms and proper nouns
Authors: Fedorova Natalia Vladimirovna , Shvedova Karina Vasilevna , Zimina Vera Pavlovna , Dudukalov Egor Vladimirovich
Published: September 2023

The object of research is the fantasy genre, its artistic world and language. It is noteworthy that, not being satisfied with existing terms such as "occasionalisms", "proper nouns", the authors introduce new concepts. The abovementioned terms are used in the analysis and description of the linguistic features of the fantasy genre, but do not reflect the specifics of fantasy. The subject of the study is mythological sign ("mythoznak") in the fantasy genre. The material for the study is the novel "Neverwhere" by N. Gaiman, from which mythological signs were selected by continuous sampling. They are characterized by the absence of a real denotation and form the denotation space of the pseudo-world in fantasy. The theoretical significance of the work lies in deepening the understanding of the term "mythological sign" (in the context of fantasy). The practical significance of the work consists in the possibility of using the results of the research in the practice of literary translation and for educational purposes. It is revealed that a significant part of the mythological signs are author's nominations, which brings them closer to the occasionalisms. Nevertheless, they are not always created by fantasy authors: conventional language units are also used in the function of mythological signs. In this case, the author changes their structure and semantic content. On the other hand, mythological signs are not always proper names.
Educational and pedagogical discourse and its axiological component in the framework of the third generation cognitive research
Authors: Rybalko Svetlana Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2023

In this review, we intend to consider the possibility of analyzing the pedagogical discourse and its axiological component within the framework of the traditions of the third generation cognitive approach. The study of educational and pedagogical discourse is of interdisciplinary nature. Researchers from various areas of social sciences explore categorical, genre, social, linguistic, and other features of educational and pedagogical discourse. We propose to look at axiological component of educational and pedagogical discourse from the perspective of third-generation cognitive linguistics, in which the main function of language is the orientation of individual members of a particular social group. Within the biocognitive perspective, educational discourse is perceived as a part of linguistic interactions in the public sphere. It is suggested that the domain of written texts have a primary position in the public linguistic domains compared to natural language in the consensual domain of personal and family linguistics domains. In the center of this approach lies the understanding of language as a cognitive activity specific to humans as biological species. Both community and its individuals are co-determined in language and through language, and language is viewed as an interpersonal activity far from a stable system of symbols. In the relational domain of linguistic interactions between individual and society social values have a potential to exert an orientational influence on individuals.
Mechanistic and evolutionary insights into isoform-specific ‘supercharging’ in DCLK family kinases
Authors: Venkat Aarya , Watterson Grace , Byrne Dominic P. , O’Boyle Brady , Shrestha Safal , Gravel Nathan , Fairweather Emma E. , Daly Leonard A. , Bunn Claire , Yeung Wayland , Aggarwal Ishan , Katiyar Samiksha , Eyers Claire E. , Eyers Patrick A. , Kannan Natarajan
Published: September 2023

Catalytic signaling outputs of protein kinases are dynamically regulated by an array of structural mechanisms, including allosteric interactions mediated by intrinsically disordered segments flanking the conserved catalytic domain. The Doublecortin Like Kinases (DCLKs) are a family of microtubule-associated proteins characterized by a flexible C-terminal autoregulatory ‘tail’ segment that varies in length across the various human DCLK isoforms. However, the mechanism whereby these isoform-specific variations contribute to unique modes of autoregulation is not well understood. Here, we employ a combination of statistical sequence analysis, molecular dynamics simulations and
in vitro
mutational analysis to define hallmarks of DCLK family evolutionary divergence, including analysis of splice variants within the DCLK1 sub-family, which arise through alternative codon usage and serve to ‘supercharge’ the inhibitory potential of the DCLK1 C-tail. We identify co-conserved motifs that readily distinguish DCLKs from all other Calcium Calmodulin Kinases (CAMKs), and a ‘Swiss-army’ assembly of distinct motifs that tether the C-terminal tail to conserved ATP and substrate-binding regions of the catalytic domain to generate a scaffold for auto-regulation through C-tail dynamics. Consistently, deletions and mutations that alter C-terminal tail length or interfere with co-conserved interactions within the catalytic domain alter intrinsic protein stability, nucleotide/inhibitor-binding, and catalytic activity, suggesting isoform-specific regulation of activity through alternative splicing. Our studies provide a detailed framework for investigating kinome–wide regulation of catalytic output through cis-regulatory events mediated by intrinsically disordered segments, opening new avenues for the design of mechanistically-divergent DCLK1 modulators, stabilizers or degraders.
Episodic boundaries affect neural features of representational drift in humans
Authors: Kulkarni Nimay , Lega Bradley C.
Published: September 2023

A core feature of episodic memory is representational drift, the gradual change in aggregate oscillatory features that supports temporal association of memory items. However, models of drift overlook the role of episodic boundaries, which indicate a shift from prior to current context states. Our study focuses on the impact of task boundaries on representational drift in the parietal and temporal lobes in 99 subjects during a free recall task. Using intracranial EEG recordings, we show boundary representations reset gamma band drift in the medial parietal lobe, selectively enhancing the recall of early list (primacy) items. Conversely, the lateral temporal cortex shows increased drift for recalled items but lacked sensitivity to task boundaries. Our results suggest regional sensitivity to varied contextual features: the lateral temporal cortex uses drift to differentiate items, while the medial parietal lobe uses drift-resets to associate items with the current context. We propose drift represents relational information tailored to a region’s sensitivity to unique contextual elements. Our findings offer a mechanism to integrate models of temporal association by drift with event segmentation by episodic boundaries.
Uncovering Protein Ensembles: Automated Multiconformer Model Building for X-ray Crystallography and Cryo-EM
Authors: Wankowicz Stephanie A. , Ravikumar Ashraya , Sharma Shivani , Riley Blake T. , Raju Akshay , Hogan Daniel W. , van den Bedem Henry , Keedy Daniel A. , Fraser James S.
Published: September 2023

With the advent of AlphaFold, protein structure prediction has attained remarkable accuracy. These achievements resulted from a focus on single static structures. The next frontier in this field involves enhancing our ability to model conformational ensembles, not just the ground states of proteins. Notably, deposited structures result from interpretation of density maps, which are derived from either X-ray crystallography or cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). These maps represent ensemble averages, reflecting molecules in multiple conformations. Here, we present the latest developments in qFit, an automated computational approach to model protein conformational heterogeneity into density maps. We present algorithmic advancements to qFit, validated by improved R free and geometry metrics across a broad and diverse set of proteins. Automated multiconformer modeling holds significant promise for interpreting experimental structural biology data and for generating novel hypotheses linking macromolecular conformational dynamics to function.
The Hippo kinase cascade regulates a contractile cell behavior and cell density in a close unicellular relative of animals
Authors: Phillips Jonathan E , Pan Duojia
Published: September 2023

The genomes of close unicellular relatives of animals encode orthologs of many genes that regulate animal development. However, little is known about the function of such genes in unicellular organisms or the evolutionary process by which these genes came to function in multicellular development. The Hippo pathway, which regulates cell proliferation and tissue size in animals, is present in some of the closest unicellular relatives of animals, including the amoeboid organism
Capsaspora owczarzaki
. We previously showed that the
Capsaspora
ortholog of the Hippo pathway nuclear effector Yorkie/YAP/TAZ (coYki) regulates actin dynamics and the three-dimensional morphology of
Capsaspora
cell aggregates, but is dispensable for cell proliferation control (Phillips et al., 2022). However, the function of upstream Hippo pathway components, and whether and how they regulate coYki in
Capsaspora
, remained unknown. Here, we analyze the function of the upstream Hippo pathway kinases coHpo and coWts in
Capsaspora
by generating mutant lines for each gene. Loss of either kinase results in increased nuclear localization of coYki, indicating an ancient, premetazoan origin of this Hippo pathway regulatory mechanism. Strikingly, we find that loss of either kinase causes a contractile cell behavior and increased density of cell packing within
Capsaspora
aggregates. We further show that this increased cell density is not due to differences in proliferation, but rather actomyosin-dependent changes in the multicellular architecture of aggregates. Given its well-established role in cell density-regulated proliferation in animals, the increased density of cell packing in
coHpo
and
coWts
mutants suggests a shared and possibly ancient and conserved function of the Hippo pathway in cell density control. Together, these results implicate cytoskeletal regulation but not proliferation as an ancestral function of the Hippo pathway and uncover a novel role for Hippo signaling in regulating cell density in a proliferation-independent manner.
Genetic structure ofTrifolium pratensepopulations in a cityscape
Authors: Mollashahi Hassanali , Urbaniak Jacek , Szymura Tomasz H. , Szymura Magdalena
Published: September 2023

Urban grasslands provide numerous ecosystem services, and their maintenance should be based on naturally regenerating plant populations. However, the urban environment is challenging for preserving viable populations, mostly because of their high fragmentation and small size, which can lead to genetic drift. We examined red clover (Trifolium pratense) in a medium-size city in Central Europe to test the cityscape effect on within- and among-population genetic diversity. We used eight inter-simple sequence repeat markers to examine the genetic structure of 16 populations, each represented by eight individuals. The isolation by resistance was analysed using a least cost patch approach, focusing on gene flow via pollinators. We found great variation amongT. pratensepopulations, with no discernible geographic pattern in genetic diversity. We linked the diversity to the long history of the city and high stochasticity of land use changes that occurred with city development. In particular, we did not find that the Odra River (ca. 100 m wide) was a strong barrier to gene transfer. However, notable isolation was present due to resistance and distance, indicating that the populations are threatened by genetic drift. Therefore, gene movement between populations should be increased by appropriate management of urban green areas. We also found that small urban grassland (UG) patches with small populations can still hold rare alleles which significantly contribute to the overall genetic variation ofT. pratensein the city.
Digital marketing in small enterprises in a countryside city
Authors: Vidal Ulisses Cardoso , Reis Davi Lemos , Da Silva Hugo Marques , Martins Edson , Ferreira Marciel Aparecido
Published: September 2023

Digital marketing is a change in the corporate environment that has brought new dynamics, challenges, techniques, and tools for companies. Among these changes, many organizations seek to adapt marketing strategies and techniques to new digital platforms. While there are studies indicating how large companies behave in the face of these changes, not much is known about smaller companies, which have different dynamics. Thus, this research aims to analyze how these smaller companies perceive and act in the digital space through marketing. To achieve this goal, a mixed-method study was conducted, with a qualitative study in the first phase, and a quantitative study with managers of companies in the second phase. The results demonstrate that changes in digital marketing strategy demand adaptations and investments to bring about changes. Additionally, after the strategy change, it is necessary to monitor and align it with marketing strategies in other areas and platforms. The questionnaire results with managers of micro and small businesses showed that these companies prefer to allocate their own resources for marketing, focusing on a few platforms and intending to expand their digital presence also with their own resources.
Implementation of Gender-Responsive Teaching Methods among Secondary School Teaching Staff in Mafia District, Tanzania
Authors: Thabiti Thabiti Hassan , Mwandilawa Baraka , Basela January
Published: September 2023

In regard to teaching career, there have been gender disparities in extent using of teaching methods and strategies among teaching staff in schools which ultimately constrain academic performance of students. The use of gender responsive teaching methods became among the strategies that can enhance the performance of students. The study aimed at assessing the extent use of gender responsive teaching methods (GRTM) among teaching staff in secondary schools in Mafia district, in Tanzania. The study was guided by the following research questions, the first research question was, to what extent do teachers use gender responsive teaching methods among teaching staff in secondary schools?, while second research question was, is there any relationship between  students academic performance  and gender responsive teaching methods used in the classroom?. The study adopted cross sectional research design using a sample of 249 respondents including 184 students and 65 teachers who were selected randomly. Data were collected through survey, interviews and focus group discussions. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis and quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive statistics analysis and inferential statistics (Chi-Square). The study found that, some of secondary teachers had moderate awareness on the use of GRTM in secondary schools particularly in class use of gender sensitive language with regard to what is taught, how teaching takes places, how and what is learned in the context of male and female students was high (Mean=6.08±1.833) and use of gender sensitive language used in a class was also high (Mean=4.98±1.833).The study also found that, there is significant association between students academic performance and the extent teachers ensuring that, working groups were mixed comprising male and female students was statistically significant at 5% with a chi square value of 14.48 and P= 0.025.Further, the study found that, there is positive significant association  between students academic performance and teachers in encouraging both male and female students to present results in a group work had a chi square of 9.434 and P=0.151 It is concluded that, GRTM had significant influence on students’ academic performance in secondary schools in Tanzania. The study recommends that, education policy makers, curriculum planners, teachers, gender practitioners, NGO’s and CBO’s should provide pre-services and in-services teachers training on GRTM in order to increase uses so as to improve students’ teaching methods.
Standardization of Screen Aperture Size for Grading of Dhaincha Seeds
Authors: Bagli Shivakumar, B. , Gowda Basave , Doddagoudar S. R. , Shakuntala N. M. , Sunkad Gururaj , Meena M. K.
Published: September 2023

To standardize the sieve size for seed grading in dhaincha during Kharif, 2019–20 and 2020–21, an experiment was carried out. The native dhaincha species was processed using slotted perforated metal sieves with CRD design ranging S1 - 1.4 mm (S), S2- 1.6 mm (S), S3- 1.8 mm (S), S4 - 2.0 mm (S), and S5- 2.2 mm (S). The study realized that 2.0 mm and 2.2 mm sieves recorded highest seed quality standards and yielded larger-sized seeds. the results revealed that the seed recovery per cent in the 1.4 mm screen was maximum, whereas, the seed quality, nevertheless was better when seeds were graded using 2.0 mm and 2.2 mm sieves.  From the combined average data of the two years, the highest quality seeds were retrieved by grading the seeds using 2.0 mm screen with good seed recovery per cent viz., SR (92.99%), PP (98.46%), PLS (90.37%), TW (26.16 g), SG (81.63 %), TSL (25.2 cm), SDW (14.4 mg), SVI-I (2103) and SVI-II (1174). Hence, the 2.0 mm screen can be used to obtained highest quality seeds with economical seed recovery.
Delineation and Mapping of Ground Water Quality in Kanchipuram District of Tamil Nadu Using GIS Techniques
Authors: Devi K. Chitra , Baskar M. , Jagadeeswaran R. , Meena S. , Dhanushkodi V. , Rathika S.
Published: September 2023

Agriculture relies heavily on irrigation especially with groundwater which is a significant source in many countries. However, excessive use of groundwater can lead to a decrease in groundwater levels and cause scarcity of water. Irrigation requires good-quality water which is governed by dissolved ions.  The groundwater quality is greatly influenced by global population growth, climate change and human activities including mining, agriculture, industrial effluents, seawater intrusion, household usage, etc., A study was conducted to evaluate the quality of groundwater for agriculture in various blocks of Kanchipuram district in Tamil Nadu. The sampling was done during March 2023 and about one hundred and fifty groundwater samples were collected from different blocks of the Kanchipuram district viz., Sriperumbudur(32 Nos), Kundrathur (28 Nos), Walajabad (34 Nos), Uthiramerur (29 Nos) and Kanchipuram (27 Nos). The physio-chemical (pH and EC) and chemical characteristics of the groundwater samples, including the cations Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+, as well as the anions CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, and SO42-, were analyzed and the resulting properties were computed (SAR and RSC). The pH and EC values ranged from 3.29 to 8.49 and 0.09 to 5.22 dS m-1, respectively. The Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) ranged from nil to 32 meq L-1, while the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) ranged from 0.19 to 34.78 mmol L-1. According to the CSSRI, Karnal Water Quality Classification about 38 percent of the samples falls in the good quality category, alkali water was about 57.33 percent and Saline water was 4.67 percent in Kanchipuram district. The Good quality water was dominant in Uthiramerur block followed by the Sriperumbudur block. The Saline and Alkali water was dominant in Sriperumbudur and Kanchipuram blocks respectively.
Effect of Nano Fertilizers on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Soil Microbiology of Kharif Sorghum
Authors: Chinnappa S. A. , Krishnamurthy D. , Ajayakumar M. Y. , Ramesha Y. M. , Ravi S.
Published: September 2023

Aims: Foliar nutrition is aimed to eliminate the problems of fixation and immobilization of nutrients. Hence, foliar nutrition is being recognized as a significant way of fertilizing modern agriculture, especially under rainfed conditions. Nano fertilizers because of smaller size and higher surface area are efficient as compared to conventional and produce better results when used in combined form.

Study Design: The experiment was laid out in Randomized complete block design with three replications.

Place and Duration of Study: A field experiment was conducted in medium black soils at Agricultural Research Station, Hagari, during Kharif 2022.

Methodology: There were ten treatment combinations, consisting of different doses of RDF (50 % RNP, 75 % RNP and 100 % RDF and absolute control) with different doses of nano urea and Dap sprayed at 30 and 45 DAS for CSH-16 hybrid of sorghum.

Results: Application of 75% RNP as basal + nano urea & DAP spray @ 1.5 ml l-1 each at 30 and 45 DAS recorded significantly higher number of leaves, leaf area and leaf area index. It also produced higher earhead length (35.9 cm), number of grains earhead-1 (2207), grain weight (57 g plant-1) and test weight (29.3 g 1000 grains-1). Nutrient content and uptake also showed higher values for the same treatment along with the nutrient use efficiency indices. Whereas, significant reduction in soil microbes was noticed by the application of treatment.

Conclusion: Combined application of conventional and nano fertilizers helped to increase growth, growth attributes like number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index, yield attributes, nutrient content, nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency of sorghum.
Bio-sorbents: A Novel Technology to Mitigate Heavy Metal Pollution
Authors: T. M. Neethu , Dubey P. K. , Patel K. G. , Karmakar Nilima, , Mishra Aakash,
Published: September 2023

The health of living beings is seriously threatened by the toxicity and bioaccumulation tendency of heavy metals in the environment. Heavy metals cannot be broken down by chemical or biological processes, unlike organic pollutants. They can therefore only be changed into less dangerous species. Heavy metal pollution of the environment has gone above the advised level and is harmful to all life forms. The process of using microorganisms to absorb, precipitate, oxidize, and reduce heavy metals in soil is known as "microbial remediation." The term "bio-sorption" refers to "the ability of biological materials to accumulate heavy metals from waste water through metabolically mediated or physico-chemical pathway of uptake." It has been demonstrated that fungi, yeast, algae, and bacteria are potential metal-biosorbents. To adequately address the major issues involved, a sustainable method must be devised to choose the best bio-sorbent, operating conditions, and effective mechanism of heavy metal removal in industrial effluent.
Analysis of Parent Offspring Regression of Selected Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L]. Walp.) Agronomic Traits in Phosphorus Limiting Soil
Authors: Chikalipa Emmanuel , Tembo Langa
Published: September 2023

Cowpea is a significant grain legume pulse, vegetable, and fodder crop. However, due to biotic and abiotic stresses, yields have been consistently low. Phosphorus (P) deficiency-related yield losses are one of the major abiotic stresses. The objectives therefore were i) to evaluate the mean performance response of selected cowpea  traits across genotypes in optimum and P- limiting soil media and ii) to determine the cowpea heritability response of agronomic traits in P-limiting soil. Twenty cowpea genotypes comprising of 12 F1 crosses and eight progenitors were evaluated at the University of Zambia Greenhouse in Lusaka, using a completely randomized design with three replications and two-level sets of phosphorus (i.e. 0 kg P2O5 and 60 kg P2O5). The 60 kg P2O5  level set was used as a control. The results showed that the mean performance across genotypes for all measured traits was higher in control experiment at an applied rate of 60kg P2O5/ha than at applied rate of 0Kg P2O5/ha experimental sets. Significant better performances were obtained with plant height, shoot biomass, plant biomass and yield measured traits. The narrow sense heritability for measured traits ranged from 11- 35 % and 12 - 72% for 0 Kg P2O5 and 60 Kg P2O5 experimental set respectively. The highest narrow sense heritability scores in experimental set were pod length (h2= 0.35) and root biomass (h2= 0.28) while in the control set the variable yield (h2= 0.72) had the highest score. This implies that the identified trait (pod length) with high narrow sense heritability in P-limiting soil can initially be used to aid in selecting for high performing genotypes in P limiting soil. However, this should be supplemented by yield response especially in late generation selection (F5 onwards).
First Report of Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) as an Emerging Insect Pest of Maize in India
Authors: Prabhakar Chandra Shekhar , Singh Prakash , A. Srinivasaraghavan , Managanvi Kalmesh , Ahmad Reyaz
Published: September 2023

The green stink bug Nezara viridula (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is an economic insect pest of many cultivated plants around the world.Recently, high population of green stink bug were observedin maize crop during March–May 2020 in Bihar, a leading state of maize production in India. The population changes, damage symptoms, morpho-variants of N. viridula on maize were studied during 2020 and 2021 and presented in this report. For this study, 1 m2 area were randomly selected at three places in the maize field grown at Dumraon, Bihar to record the population of N. viridula at weekly during crop period in the year 2020 and 2021. Also number of maximum adults per plants and per cobs were recorded. The adults of N. viridula were first recorded in maize field during third week of March 2020 and in the same period of year 2021. The mean maximum adults’ population of N. viridula was 43adults/ m2and 34.33 adults/ m2 observed during April 2020 and 202, respectively onmaize crop. The high population densities of the pest may be due to the migration of bugs from other field crops and native vegetation to the cultivated maize crop. During the course of the investigation, maximum 18 adult bugs per plant and 13 adult bugs per corn were recorded during fourth week of April 2020, whereas, maximum 12 adults per plant and 8 adults per cob were recorded during April 2021.The bugs were damage standing maize plants and corn by sucking saps and hindering the growth of plants, cobs as well as the developing kernels. Considering the high population densities, regular appearance of the pest and damage caused to maize crop in the state created an alarming situation for thepest management researchers of the country to develop suitable integrated pest management strategies for the management of N. viridula on maize in the near future.
Diversity in Morphological Characteristics of C. fimbriata Isolates on Oat Meal Agar: Unveiling Variability and Patterns
Authors: Raja  , Sunkad Gururaj , Y. S. Amaresh
Published: September 2023

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one of the important fruit crops cultivated all over the world, particularly in tropical and sub-tropics. It is affected by several diseases of which wilt one of the most important diseases caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata. Very little work is done on the characterization of C. fimbriata associated with pomegranate wilt in Karnataka. Although the morphological structures defining this species are reasonably defined. In recent years, several orchards of farmers have been severely infected by wilt and were removed in Karnataka state. This may be due to changes in the pathogenic characteristics of the fungus. Moreover, variability is the property of an organism to change its character from one generation to the other. Therefore, there is a need to study on morphological variability of C. fimbriata. On oatmeal agar, C. fimbriata produced a maximum colony diameter (90 mm) after 16 days of incubation at room temperature. Dark-shaded perithecia with a globose base were seen with a size of 181.1 x 131.2 μm, radiating little, hyaline and cap-formed ascospores from the summit of the perithecium which measures 5.13 x 4.27 μm. Endoconidia were hyaline, round, and hollow, and the normal size was 23.6 x 4.90 μm. Aleurioconidia were thick-walled ellipsoidal or pyriform with size of 18.5 x 10.10 μm. Morphological variability showed little variation among C. fimbriata with respect size of perithecia, ascospores, endoconidia, and alerioconidia.
Determination of Plasmodial Species Prevalence among Patients Received at Cotonou Boni Clinic during Rainy Season in the Year 2022
Authors: Tokponnon Filémon , Osse Razak , Egui Jean Gille , Houndjo Gylchrist , Dabou Zoulkifilou Sare , Houessinon Festus , Yerima Idayath Gounou , Fanou Brice , Akogbeto Martin
Published: September 2023

Aims: Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites transmitted by bites from infected female anopheles. It is a preventable and treatable illness. It remains a recurring disease among public health diseases that exposes many people to a risk of infection, including children under the age of 05 in Benin.

Methods: To determine the prevalence of malaria and different plasmodial species at the Dr Pierre BONI Clinic, we performed venous and capillary samples on 731 patients for the realization of thick drops and blood smears between June and July 2022.

Results: Three plasmodial species were identified in 228 patients (31%) as malaria of the 731 patients included in the study with 3 species of plasmodium found: Plasmodium falciparum (95.5%), Plasmodium malariae (2.85%), Plasmodium ovale (1.65%). Mixed or double species was also recorded in some patients: Plasmodium falciparum+ Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium falciparum+ Plasmodium ovale. The majority of patients have the presence of trophozoites at Plasmodium falciparum, 95.5%.  The parasitic density of P. falciparum is higher than that of P. malariae and that of P. ovale.

Conclusion: Although evaluated during a period of low transmission, malaria remains a real public health problem. The distribution of the disease is closely related to the presence in the blood of plasmodial species.
Optimization of Some Fermentation Conditions for Bioethanol Production from Yam Peels (Dioscorea rotundata) Using Box-Behnken Design (BBD)
Authors: Saulawa Zeenat Ibrahim , Nura Lawal , Bala Muntari , Imam Abdullahi Abdulkadir
Published: September 2023

Aim: The aim of this research was to optimize the production of bioethanol from a select second generation feedstock (yam peels).

Methodology: Bioethanol was produced from yam peels using Box Behnken Design (BBD). The independent variables selected for optimization of bioethanol yield were; fermentation temperature (˚C), fermentation time (hours) and yeast concentration (%w/v). A set of 17 experiments were considered by design expert software. All experiments were run in triplicates. Test for bioethanol was carried out using acidified potassium dichromate method and absorbance was taken using a spectrophotometer at 600nm.

Results: From the experiments carried out above, the optimum conditions under which the highest bioethanol (yield%) was produced were a fermentation temperature of 30̊C, yeast concentration of 5.50%w/v and fermentation time of 96hours under which a bioethanol yield of 45.79% was produced.

Conclusion: Yam peels may therefore have the potentials to serve as substrates for bioethanol production rather than using food crops such as sugarcane juice and cassava flesh which may lead to food shortages and crisis especially is developing countries such as Nigeria.
Some Fixed Point Results of Rational Type-Contraction Mapping in S-Metric Space
Authors: Yashpal  , Agnihotri Rishikant
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we demonstrate the existence of some fixed points of rational type contraction in context of S-metric space and we examine the T-stability of the P-property for some mapping. Also, we present few examples to illustrate the validity of the results obtained in the paper.
PERUBAHAN INTENSITAS PENGGUNAAN RUANG SOSIAL DI APARTEMEN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 (KASUS APARTEMEN BALE HINGGIL SURABAYA)
Authors: Pintono Steven , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada semua aspek kehidupan tak terkecuali ruang sosial apartemen. Penularan yang cepat membuat ruang sosial apartemen yang sebelumnya merupakan tempat yang aman dan nyaman untuk berinteraksi dan beraktifitas mengalami perubahan menjadi ruang yang cenderung dihindari. Hal ini tentu mengakibatkan perununan intensitas penggunaan dan timbul rasa cemas saat berada di ruang sosial. Terdapat beberapa faktor lain yang menyebabkan ruang sosial saat ini umumnya dihindari seperti ventilasi udara dan asupan udara luar yang kurang baik, penggunaan ruang sosial yang terlalu ramai dan tidak dibatasi, aksesbilitas yang susah dan jauh, dan kurang ketatnya protokol kesehatan yang ada. Penelitian ini mengindentifikasi perubahan intensitas pengguna ruang sosial di apartemen sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuatitatif korelasional. Penelitian dilakukan di ruang sosial apartemen Bale Hinggil Surabaya yaitu di area lobby, kolam renang, kantor pengelola, minimarket, dan di café Bale Hinggil. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan terjadinya penurunan intensitas penggunaan ruang sosial dan efek psikologi (perasaan) kenyamanan penghuni terkait prosedur kesehatan di ruang sosial apartemen.
PERCEPTUAL STUDY OF PLASTIC WASTE BRICKS FOR SHARIA APARTMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Musthofa Muhammad Mutammam , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

Bricks from plastic waste have the potential to become the wall material for apartment units because they are lightweight and have an interlock system that makes it easy to dismantle and reuse. Sharia Apartments in Indonesia exist because of the market potential for the majority of Muslims who are interested in a halal lifestyle. This article identifies Muslim perceptions of the application of bricks from plastic waste to sharia apartment residential units. The perception is carried out by comparing three plastic waste brick product companies. The method used is through questionnaires and interviews based on regional demographics. It was found that brick of plastic waste can be received positively by Muslim respondents, but its use is limited to particular spaces to avoid negative perceptions.
STUDI POTENSI KORIDOR DI APARTEMEN CBD SURABAYA MENJADI RUANG SOSIAL ANAK
Authors: Odwin Stanley , Kwanda Timoticin , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

Perkembangan kognitif positif pada anak sangat penting karena dapat mengkonstruksi pola pikir dan kepribadian. Kognitif positif didukung dengan adanya sosialisasi yang terjadi dari aktivitas sosial sehingga anak mampu memahami dan mengeksplorasi ruang sekitarnya. Aktivitas sosial membutuhkan ruang yang memadai. Hal ini menjadi masalah bagi anak yang tinggal di apartemen karena keterbatasan lahan dan fasilitas yang tidak ramah anak. Koridor memiliki potensi sebagai ruang bermain anak karena jarak yang dekat dengan unit hunian. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi ruang koridor di Apartemen CBD sebagai ruang sosial anak berdasarkan pemahaman kebutuhan kognitif. Melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dan pemetaan perilaku ditemukan bahwa koridor di apartemen CBD belum memenuhi parameter ruang ramah anak; tetapi memiliki potensi di parameter pencahayaan alami, dimensi ruang, dan warna. Temuan ini bermanfaat untuk memberitahu masyarakat di Indonesia betapa pentingnya tempat bersosialisasi yang ramah anak untuk perkembangan kognitifnya.
EVALUASI PARAMETER BIOPHILIC DESAIN MENURUT TERAPPIN PADA SKYGARDEN APARTMENT BENSON
Authors: Susilo Kenny , Arifin Lilianny Sigit , Tulistyantoro Lintu
Published: September 2023

Pada saat virus COVID 19 terjadi, terjadi perubahan gaya hidup dimana orang bekerja dan belajar dari rumah. Beberapa penelitian terdahulu membuktikan bahwa terisolasinya orang di rumah telah menyebabkan banyak orang menjadi stress, Banyak orang yang tinggal di vertical housing menjadi dasar penelitian ini untuk meneliti apakah fasilitas seperti Skygarden dapat mendukung untuk mengurangi stress dengan dekat dengan alam. Penelitian ini mengambil studi kasus Skygarden apartemen Benson, Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi Skygarden dengan parameter desain biophilic. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, dengan metode observasi lapangan dan analisis visual interpretative untuk menemukan parameter mana yang perlu ditingkatkan.
STUDI EVALUASI DAN POTENSI SENSE OF PLACE PADA BALKON APARTEMEN METROPOLIS SURABAYA
Authors: Yudo Cynthia Christianty Carolina Eka , Damayanti Rully , Tulistyantoro Lintu
Published: September 2023

Apartemen merupakan bangunan bertingkat yang terdiri dari beberapa unit hunian yang dilengkapi dengan fasilitas umum bersama, juga balkon pada tiap unitnya. Balkon termasuk ruang luar tambahan yang berfungsi untuk mengakomodasi aktivitas penghuninya. Namun sekarang balkon berubah fungsi menjadi ruang penyimpanan dan ruang peletakan outdoor AC. Hal ini tentunya mempengaruhi persepsi dan interaksi pengguna terhadap balkon. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi masalah dan potensi sense of place khususnya pada balkon Apartemen Metropolis Surabaya. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan mengevaluasi faktor sense of place yaitu physical feature, activities, meanings dan individual features melalui observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi eksisting balkon berpotensi terhadap hadirnya sense of place khususnya melalui tiga kondisi pada balkon, yaitu penambahan dan penggunaan properti untuk kebutuhan servis, kebutuhan servis, dan penambahan properti untuk fasilitas. Kondisi yang berpotensi paling tinggi adalah bentuk balkon; pada bentuk balkon L dapat menampung aktivitas pengguna beserta propertinya dengan lebih berkualitas. Selain itu, balkon berbentuk huruf L juga memberikan kenyamanan bagi penghuni untuk tetap berada disana dikarenakan lebih private dan didukung oleh view yang optimal dari dua arah. Sedangkan pada balkon berbentuk persegi sense of place kurang terjadi karena peletakan property yang kurang memadai dan kurang nyaman dalam mengakomodasi aktivitas pengguna.
PARAMETER DESAIN UNTUK MODUL GREEN FAÇADE BANGUNAN VERTIKAL YANG MEMUDAHKAN PEMASANGAN DAN PERAWATAN
Authors: Aditya Vincentius Kevin , Mintorogo Danny Santoso , Priatman Jimmy Nurdi Kusuma
Published: September 2023

Green façade atau fasad bervegetasi memberi banyak manfaat baik dalam skala urban maupun skala bangunan termasuk dalam menangani fenomena global warming. Namun banyak ditemukan masalah dalam pelaksanaan pemasangan dan perawatannya. Tujuan dari paper ini adalah menemukan parameter desain untuk modul green façade yang memudahkan pemasangan dan perawatan; melalui tahapan mengklasifikasikan masalah yang ditemui dilapangan melalui studi kasus pada 3 bangunan tinggi di Surabaya, dan mengumpulkan data masalah pemasangan dan perawatan green facade dari studi literatur. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengamatan langsung ini menunjukkan bahwa 2 dari 3 studi kasus mengalami permasalahan pada bagian irigasi, dan pemilihan sistem yang susah untuk dirawat. Penelitian mengidentifikasi 4 poin krusial yang perlu diperhatikan dalam mendesain modul green façade diantaranya sistem struktur & konstruksi; sistem irigasi, drainase, & waterproofing; sistem modul green facade, media tanam, dan tanaman; serta sistem keamanan & perawatan.
STUDI KARAKTERISTIK FISIK LOBBY LIFT SEBAGAI RUANG INTERAKSI SOSIAL DI APARTEMEN METROPOLIS SURABAYA
Authors: Angdjaja Celicia Aurielle , Damayanti Rully
Published: September 2023

Berkurangnya interaksi sosial pengguna apartemen diakibatkan oleh perancangan apartemen yang kurang mengedepankan aspek kebutuhan sosial penghuni. Beberapa perancangan telah merancang ruang interaksi sosial, namun jarang digunakan karena peletakannya yang jauh dari unit kamar. Ruang interaksi sosial akan berpotensi digunakan jika menjadi bagian dari ruangan sehari-hari. Salah satu ruang sehari-hari yang selalu digunakan penghuni adalah lobby lift. Potensi ini didukung dengan adanya perjumpaan pasif penghuni serta aktivitas sederhana yang dilakukan seperti menunggu. Untuk itu penelitian ini mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik lobby lift melalui parameter ruang interaksi sosial yaitu pencapaian, perletakan, pengalaman spasial dan batasan dengan metode pengambilan data melalui observasi dan dianalisis menggunakan pemetaan zonasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empat karakteristik memiliki keterkaitan yang kuat satu sama lain dalam membentuk ruang lobby lift sebagai ruang interaksi sosial.
PERBANDINGAN KENYAMANAN TERMAL DALAM RUANGAN KAMAR HOTEL MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM WALL MOUNTED SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING DAN FLOOR AIR CONDITIONING, STUDI KASUS : QUBIKA HOTEL, JAKARTA
Authors: Chintya Selyna , Mintorogo Danny Santoso , Hariyanto Agus Dwi
Published: September 2023

Penggunaan AC di dalam ruangan kamar hotel berfungsi untuk mengatasi kondisi temperatur udara tinggi dengan kecepatan angin rendah yang seringkali membuat penghuni di dalam ruangan kamar hotel menjadi tidak nyaman. Dengan karakteristik kontainer yang bersifat non aristektural kemudian dialih fungsikan menjadi arsitektural, maka penting untuk penerapan sistem air conditioning yang tepat pada hotel kontainer, sehingga akan membantu meningkatkan kenyamanan termal bagi penghuninya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kenyamanan termal dalam ruangan kamar hotel menggunakan sistem sistem wall mounted split air conditioning dan floor air conditioning (FAC) untuk mendapatkan kenyamanan termal terbaik. Perbandingan akan dilakukan berdasarkan nilai Air Diffusion Performance Index (ADPI) yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan simulasi CFD. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ruangan yang menggunkan sistem floor air conditioning (FAC) mencapai kenyamanan termal lebih baik dibandingkan ruangan kamar hotel yang menggunakan sistem wall mounted split air conditioning.