bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-Compliant Mobile Device Usage and Information Systems Security: A Bystander Theory Perspective
Authors: Paravastu Narasimha , Simmers Claire A. , Anandarajan Murugan
Published: November 2017

This study tested the context of employees using their devices for both work and personal use, and non-compliant device usage of a person potentially resulting in Information Systems (IS) security threat to personal as well as work data and/or the devices. Integrating bystander and protection motivation theory (PMT) perspectives this paper studies bystanders' responses to IS security threats and the extent to which a perceived security threat motivates individual intention to act, in the context of non-compliant mobile device usage behaviors. It tests the role of an individual's threat perceptions to protect their own IS security, and as a bystander, protecting their peers or the IS security of their organization. Data collected from 431 individuals support the hypotheses that security awareness predicts perceived severity and protection motivation. Evaluation apprehension and diffusion of responsibility inhibit bystander's intentions to act against non-compliant mobile device usage behaviors, while awareness facilitates it. Theoretical contributions and practical implications of the research are discussed.
Workplace Social Support and Attitude toward Enterprise Resource Planning System
Authors: Chou Paul
Published: November 2017

To respond to competitive environment, many organizations have invested in enterprise resource planning system in order to improve workflow and increase the efficiency of shared services for the last two decades. Nevertheless, most organizations often fail to utilize and explore the new information system's functionalities to achieve their expected objectives as promised. This brutal fact reveals implicitly that there is an urgent need to improve the knowledge of understanding why and how employees accept and use new information systems. Particularly, in many cases, the reasons for the new information system's failure are neglecting social factors and a lack of change management. In view of such, the main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between workplace social support and employee's attitude toward enterprise resource planning system from the perspective of organizational change. Results from a sample of 334 respondents in Taiwan revealed that workplace social support not only influences employee's attitude towards enterprise resource planning system directly, but also exerts its influences indirectly via affective commitment to organization and affective commitment to change.
Increasing Project Success in China from the Perspectives of Project Risk, Methodology, Tool Use, and Organizational Support
Authors: Chen Charlie C. , Nakayama Makoto , Shou Yongyi , Charoen Danuvasin
Published: November 2017

Besides lack of organizational support, using project risk management tools and methodology effectively has been one major challenge to project success. As China is extending its project management (PM) concepts from mainly construction and national defense projects to many other industries, project managers in those new industries rely on the use of PM tools and methodologies. However, it remains unclear to what extent the use of them can increase project success. To address the research questions, this study surveyed 93 project managers in China and found that success of project execution is contingent upon: (a) project risks, (b) PM methodology, (c) organizational support, and (d) PM tool use. The presence of project risk can stimulate increased use of PM tools, thereby helping achieve project success. Organizational support and PM tool use also remain conditions for project success. This study contributes to the current literature by assessing project success from the perspectives of organizational support, PM methodology, and PM tools.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Using ICT for Teaching Geometrical Shapes in Kindergarten and the First Grade
Authors: Zaranis Nicholas
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate if information and communications technology (ICT) helps to improve first grade and kindergarten students' basic geometry achievement. The author's research compares the level of geometrical competence of the first grade students and kindergarten students taught using an ICT oriented learning method specifically targeting ‘Realistic Mathematics Education' (RME) for geometry concepts, as opposed to traditional teaching methodology. The study dealt with first grade and kindergarten students in Crete and Athens. The experimental group of the consisted of 237 students who were taught shapes with the support of computers and the control group had 247 students. The results of the study indicated that teaching and learning through ICT is an interactive process for students at the first grade and kindergarten level and has a positive effect for the learning of shapes using the background of RME theory.
The Case of Literacy Motivation
Authors: Mystakidis Stylianos , Berki Eleni
Published: November 2017

The University of Patras' Library Services designed and offered to primary and secondary schools the pilot educational program “From the Ancient to the Modern Tablets”, featuring immersive multimedia learning experiences about the book history. The pilot program consisted of three stages: a playful library tour, followed by an interactive game-based digital storytelling activity with game elements, and a collaborative creative reflective hands-on activity. Utilizing the avatar psychology power, the visualization and simulation affordances of 3D immersive learning environments and the appeal of storytelling and game-based learning, the “gamified” blended narrative on the book evolution enabled learning as problem-focused, embedded and context-generated. An additional research study was conducted to investigate teachers opinions regarding the effectiveness of the 3D Virtual Immersive Environment(s); this focused on students' learning and thinking skills in the socio-cognitive, psychomotor and affective domain. This work exposes the pedagogical design, presents the socio-technical development and reflects on the initial research findings.
Building a Fish: The Biology and Engineering Behind a Bioinspired Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
Authors: Flammang Brooke E. , Tangorra James L. , Mignano Anthony P. , Lauder George V.
Published: November 2017

AbstractBioinspired robotic designs have proven to be effective models for autonomous vehicles as well as important research tools in comparative biomechanics. Here we review the process by which we investigated the functional morphology and biomechanics of fish fins using live fish experiments and computational modeling; created and validated independent fins with regard to biological properties like stiffness, kinematics, and fluid dynamics; and constructed an autonomous underwater vehicle with a sensory feedback system to respond to perturbations.
Development of a Bioinspired Underwater Robot Using a Single Actuator
Authors: Jun Myoung-Jae , Han Chang-Soo
Published: November 2017

Abstract We propose a novel propulsion mechanism for an underwater robot inspired by the pectoral fins of a fish. This device is referred to as the “flipper.” The flipper is connected to a rotational motor, and its shape is similar to that of the real fish's fins.
The flipper using the propulsion mechanism proposed in this study has 1 degree of freedom. We can control the test robot during forward motion as well as its direction-changing operation. The experimental test robot is composed of a flipper at the front of the robot's head, together with a
body and a tail/vertical fin. The electronic components are installed into the body. The tail functions to maintain the horizontal/vertical balance of the robot. Forward propulsion is achieved through the rotation of the flipper. The robot's direction can be changed by repeated oscillation
of the flipper in a direction opposite to that of the desired angle. Several experiments were performed to measure the thrust force of the experimental robot and its motion characteristics in a test water pool. The experimental results show that the proposed propulsion method is viable.
Nomenclature   F T   = Thrust     F I   = Inertia force
 F B   = Buoyancy     B V   = Platform volume     V target
  = Target speed     ρ   = Water density     P   = Flipper pitch
    D   = Drag force     C D   = Drag coefficient
 A   = Projection of the frontal area     T   = Effective power     P m
  = Propeller power     C M   = Center of total body mass     C B
 = Center of buoyancy     C F   = Center of flipper mass     F DS
= Restoring force     g   = Gravity     Q   = Motor torque at maximum revolutions per minute
    rps reasonable   = Reasonable revolutions per second   
Unleashing the Potential of Undulating Fin Propulsion Using a Biomimetic Robotic Vessel
Authors: Liu Hanlin , Gong Fuxian , Curet Oscar
Published: November 2017

AbstractUndulating fins are an excellent propulsion model for highly maneuverable underwater vehicles, due to their rich locomotor capabilities and high efficiency at moderate speed. In this study, we designed, developed, and tested a self-contained, free-swimming robotic
device, the KnifeBot, to emulate the locomotor behaviors of knifefish, a typical fish that excels in using this type of propulsion. This novel biomimetic underwater vehicle uses an elongated ribbon-like fin composed of 16 fin rays interconnected by a compliant membrane as the propulsor. It
features a slender 3D printed hull, 16 DC motors for actuating the fin rays, 2 Li-Ion batteries for providing power, wireless radio communication, and various sensors to measure acceleration, orientation, inside temperature, pressure and to detect leakage. We used this robotic device in two
experimental sets: (1) the robot without pectoral fins to perform forward swimming, reversed swimming, and hovering maneuvers and (2) the robot with a pair of pectoral fins with fixed angle of attack (−5°) to perform forward swimming. In this paper, we focus on the design, implementation,
and control of the robot. We also present the results of forward swimming velocity, power consumption, and Euler orientation angles of the robot with and without pectoral fins. Our results show that the cost of transport follows a V-shape trend with the lowest point at low swimming speed,
indicating the undulating fin propulsion is more efficient at low speeds. For the cases studied, the Strouhal number, St, ranges from 0.5 to 0.2 with the best cost-of-transport corresponding to St = 0.2. We found that the airfoil-like pectoral fins at small negative angles of attack slightly
slow down the speed of the robotic vessel and reduce its pitch angle. The robot can take advantage of the pectoral fins to control its maneuver from swimming at the water surface to rapid diving. Our findings demonstrate that undulating fin-based propulsion has the potential to enhance the
mobility and performance of underwater vehicles navigating in complex environments.
A Protective Role for NKG2D–H60a Interaction via Homotypic T Cell Contact in Nonobese Diabetic Autoimmune Diabetes Pathogenesis
Authors: Trembath Andrew P , Sharma Neekun , Raju Saravanan , Polić Bojan , Markiewicz Mary A
Published: November 2017

The NK group 2 member D (NKG2D) immune receptor is implicated in both human and mouse autoimmune diabetes. However, the significance of NKG2D in diabetes pathogenesis has been unclear due to conflicting reports as to the importance of this receptor in the NOD mouse model. In this study we demonstrate that NKG2D expression affects NOD diabetes development by at least two previously undescribed, and opposing, mechanisms. First, we demonstrate that the NKG2D ligand H60a is induced on activated NOD T cells, and that NKG2D–H60a interaction during CD8+ T cell differentiation into CTLs generally decreases the subsequent CTL effector cytokine response. This corresponds to an increase in diabetes development in NKG2D-deficient compared with wild-type NOD mice under microbiota-depleted conditions. Second, we demonstrate that NKG2D promotes NOD diabetes development through interaction with the microbiota. Together these findings reveal a previously undescribed role for NKG2D ligand expression by activated T cells in CTL development. Further, they demonstrate that NKG2D has both diabetogenic and antidiabetogenic roles in NOD diabetes development.
Serum IgA Immune Complexes Promote Proinflammatory Cytokine Production by Human Macrophages, Monocytes, and Kupffer Cells through FcαRI–TLR Cross-Talk
Authors: Hansen Ivo S. , Hoepel Willianne , Zaat Sebastiaan A. J. , Baeten Dominique L. P. , den Dunnen Jeroen
Published: November 2017

IgA is predominantly recognized to play an important role in host defense at mucosal sites, where it prevents invasion of pathogens by neutralization. Although it has recently become clear that IgA also mediates other immunological processes, little remains known about the potential of IgA to actively contribute to induction of inflammation, particularly in nonmucosal organs and tissues. In this article, we provide evidence that immune complex formation of serum IgA plays an important role in orchestration of inflammation in response to pathogens at various nonmucosal sites by eliciting proinflammatory cytokines by human macrophages, monocytes, and Kupffer cells. We show that opsonization of bacteria with serum IgA induced cross-talk between FcαRI and different TLRs, leading to cell type–specific amplification of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-23. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the increased protein production of cytokines was regulated at the level of gene transcription, which was dependent on activation of kinases Syk and PI3K. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the immunological function of IgA is substantially more extensive than previously considered and suggest that serum IgA–induced inflammation plays an important role in orchestrating host defense by different cell types in nonmucosal tissues, including the liver, skin, and peripheral blood.
Isolation and Characterization of Antigen-Specific Plasmablasts Using a Novel Flow Cytometry–Based Ig Capture Assay
Authors: Pinder Christopher L. , Kratochvil Sven , Cizmeci Deniz , Muir Luke , Guo Yanping , Shattock Robin J. , McKay Paul F.
Published: November 2017

We report the development of a novel flow cytometry–based Ig capture assay (ICA) for the identification and sorting of individual Ab-secreting cells based on their Ag reactivity. The ICA represents a fast and versatile tool for single-cell sorting of peripheral plasmablasts, streamlining subsequent Ab analysis, and cloning. We demonstrate the utility of the assay by isolating Ag-reactive plasmablasts from cryopreserved PBMC obtained from volunteers vaccinated with a recombinant HIV envelope protein. To show the specificity of the ICA, we produced Ag-specific Abs from these cells and subsequently verified their Ag reactivity via ELISA. Furthermore, we used the ICA to track Ag-specific plasmablast responses in HIV-vaccine recipients over a period of 42 d and performed a head-to-head comparison with a conventional B cell ELISpot. Results were highly comparable, highlighting that this assay is a viable alternative for monitoring Ag-specific plasmablast responses at early time points after infection or vaccination. The ICA provides important added benefits in that phenotypic information can be obtained from the identified Ag-specific cells that can then be captured for downstream applications such as B cell sequencing and/or Ab cloning. We envisage the ICA as being a useful tool in Ab repertoire analysis for future clinical trials.
The use of human resource information systems in two retail organisations in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Udekwe Emmanuel , De la Harpe Andre C.
Published: November 2017

Orientation: The retail industry is the largest contributor to employment and the gross domestic product (GDP) in the Western Cape, South Africa. The management of human resources in this very competitive industry is a high priority for all retailers. The successful implementation, maintenance and use of human resource information systems (HRISs) are an integral part of many retailers.Research purpose: Human resource information systems are difficult to implement and maintain, and as a result, organisations cannot effectively utilise these systems to their benefit. The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors affecting the implementation, maintenance and use of HRISs in two retail organisations in the Western Cape.Motivation of study: Many retailers find it difficult to apply and utilise HRISs to their benefit and to the systems’ full potential. This study explores the challenges retailers are facing when implementing, maintaining and using HRISs.Research design, approach and method: Multiple case studies were used to conduct the research. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire using interviews. Twenty-one interviews were conducted in the two retail companies to gain an understanding of the use of HRISs within these organisations. The data were analysed using a thematic method of analysis. The units of analysis were the Human Resources and the Information Technology departments of both companies. The units of observation were (21) purposively selected employees in the two mentioned departments of both retail organisations.Main findings: This research shows an under-utilisation of the HRIS in both companies as a result of poor data quality, lack of adequate training and the high cost of implementing and maintaining the system. There is a gap in terms of data analytics and report generation. This gap leads to the under-utilisation of the HRISs preventing the retailers to optimise the benefits of the HRIS.Practical and managerial implications: For organisations to reap benefits from HRISs, a change management strategy and a rigorous training programme are needed that will focus on the implemented maintenance and improved usage of these systems.Contribution: The contribution of the study includes proposed guidelines for the effective and efficient use of HRISs. The study further contributes to the body of knowledge in shedding light on the implementation, maintenance and use of HRISs in the retail industry in the Western Cape, South Africa.
Radionuclide-Based Cancer Imaging Targeting the Carcinoembryonic Antigen
Authors: Hong Hao , Sun Jiangtao , Cai Weibo
Published: November 2017

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), highly expressed in many cancer types, is an important target for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Radionuclide-based imaging techniques (gamma camera, single photon emission computed tomography [SPECT] and positron emission tomography [PET]) have been extensively explored for CEA-targeted cancer imaging both preclinically and clinically. Briefly, these studies can be divided into three major categories: antibody-based, antibody fragment-based and pretargeted imaging. Radiolabeled anti-CEA antibodies, reported the earliest among the three categories, typically gave suboptimal tumor contrast due to the prolonged circulation life time of intact antibodies. Subsequently, a number of engineered anti-CEA antibody fragments (e.g. Fab’, scFv, minibody, diabody and scFv-Fc) have been labeled with a variety of radioisotopes for CEA imaging, many of which have entered clinical investigation. CEA-Scan (a 99mTc-labeled anti-CEA Fab’ fragment) has already been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for cancer imaging. Meanwhile, pre-targeting strategies have also been developed for CEA imaging which can give much better tumor contrast than the other two methods, if the system is designed properly. In this review article, we will summarize the current state-of-the-art of radionuclide-based cancer imaging targeting CEA. Generally, isotopes with short half-lives (e.g. 18F and 99mTc) are more suitable for labeling small engineered antibody fragments while the isotopes with longer half-lives (e.g. 123I and 111In) are needed for antibody labeling to match its relatively long circulation half-life. With further improvement in tumor targeting efficacy and radiolabeling strategies, novel CEA-targeted agents may play an important role in cancer patient management, paving the way to “personalized medicine”.
An Evaluation of the Clinical Evidence on the Role of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Smoking-Mediated Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Csordas Adam , Wick Georg , Laufer Günther , Bernhard David
Published: November 2017

The number of fatalities due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be far ahead of loss of human life caused by any other type of disease worldwide. According to the WHO, the annual global tobacco death toll is already 8.4 million and will reach 10 million by the year 2025. However, in contrast to other modifiable primary risk factors for CVD such as obesity, primary prevention strategies for smokers unable to quit are not available to date. This Review, by adopting the principles of evidence-based medicine, summarizes the most recent clinical studies on CVD in smokers, and concludes by suggesting a novel primary prevention strategy for CVD in smokers unable to quit. Evidence gathered from mechanistic studies involving basic research as well as large population-based approaches point to oxidative stress as the major insult imposed by cigarette smoke (CS), and a state of systemic inflammation, as signified by increased hs (high sensitivity) CRP levels in smokers, as the decisive pro-atherogenic response of the body to the initial insult. Since we identified oxidative stress induced by heavy metals as a significant pro-atherogenic activity of CS, strategies aimed at detoxifying heavy metals and combating inflammation appear as plausible approaches to counteract the accelerated onset of CVD in smokers. For this purpose, we discuss metal chelating agents and statins as promising novel primary prevention strategies in smokers unable to quit.
Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Loria Valentina , Leo Milena , Biasillo Gina , Dato Ilaria , Biasucci Luigi M.
Published: November 2017

Background

Evaluation of patients who present to the hospital with acute undifferentiated chest pain or other symptoms and signs suggestive of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is often a clinical challenge. The initial assessment, requiring a focused history (including risk factors analysis), a physical examination, an electrocardiogram (EKG) and serum cardiac marker determination, is time-consuming and troublesome. Recent investigations have indicated that increases in biomarkers of necrosis, inflammation, ischemia and myocardial stretch may provide earlier assessment of overall patient risk, help in identifying the adequate diagnostic and therapeutic management for each patient and allow for prevention of substantial numbers of new events.

Approach and Content

The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the characteristics of several biomarkers that may have potential clinical utility to identify ACS patients. Patho-physiology, analytical and clinical characteristics have been evaluated for each marker, underlying the properties for potential routine clinical use.

The biomarkers discussed in this review are promising and might lead to improved diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with ACS, however their clinical application requires further studies. It is important to define their clinical role as diagnostic markers, their predictive value and the specificity, standardization and detection limits of the assays.
Antibody Arrays Identify Potential Diagnostic Markers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Sun Hongbo , Chua Mei-Sze , Yang Dorothy , Tsalenko Anya , Peter Brian J. , So Samuel
Published: November 2017

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Effective treatment of HCC patients is hampered by the lack of sensitive and specific diagnostic markers of HCC. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), the currently used HCC marker, misses 30%-50% of HCC patients, who therefore remain undiagnosed and untreated. In order to identify novel diagnostic markers that can be used individually or in combination with AFP, we used an antibody array platform to detect the levels of candidate proteins in the plasma of HCC patients (n = 48) and patients with chronic hepatitis B or C viral infections (n = 19) (both of which are the major risk factors of HCC). We identified 7 proteins that significantly differentiate HCC patients from hepatitis patients (p < 0.05) (AFP, CTNNB, CSF1, SELL, IGFBP6, IL6R, and VCAM1). Importantly, we also identified 8 proteins that significantly differentiate HCC patients with ‘normal’ levels of AFP (<20 ng/ml) from hepatitis patients (p < 0.05) (IL1RN, IFNG, CDKN1A, RETN, CXCL14, CTNNB, FGF2, and SELL). These markers are potentially important complementary markers to AFP. Using an independent immunoassay method in an independent group of 23 HCC patients and 22 hepatitis patients, we validated that plasma levels of CTNNB were significantly higher in the HCC group (p = 0.020). In conclusion, we used an antibody array platform to identify potential circulating diagnostic markers of HCC, some of which may be valuable when used in combination with AFP. The clinical utility of these newly identified HCC diagnostic markers needs to be systematically evaluated.
In vitro Efficacy of Ureteral Catheters Impregnated with Ciprofloxacin, N-acetylcysteine and their Combinations on Microbial Adherence
Authors: El-Rehewy Mostafa Said Khalil , El-Feky Mohamed Ali , Hassan Mona Amin , Abolella Hassan A , Abolyosr Ahmad , El-Baky Rehab Mahmoud Abd , Gad Gamal Fadl
Published: November 2017

Background

Ureteral catheters are valuable indispensable devices may readily acquire biofilms on the inner or outer surfaces. This study evaluated the efficacies of ureteral catheters impregnated with ciprofloxacin, N-acetylcysteine each alone and in combination on microbial adherence.

Methods

Antimicrobial durability of ureteral catheters coated, through instant dip method, with ciprofloxacin were determined using modified Kirby-Bauer method. Ciprofloxacin-coated catheters showed zones of inhibition ranged from 15 to 45 mm in diameter (baseline) against nine clinical strains recently isolated from patients undergoing ureteral stent removal. Segments coated with ciprofloxacin, N-acetylcysteine each alone and in combination, through instant dip method, were incubated with the tested microorganisms, washed, sonicated, cultured and the number of viable cells were determined.

Results

Ciprofloxacin-coated catheters soaked in urine and incubated at 37 °C, maintained antimicrobial activities and produce zones of inhibition that measured 2–10 mm for at least 8 weeks. Effect of ciprofloxacin and N-acetylcysteine coated catheters on microbial adherence were found to be dose dependent. Catheters impregnated with ciprofloxacin/N-acetylcysteine showed the highest inhibitory effect on microbial adherence when compared with controls (85.5%–100%).

Conclusion

Catheters impregnated with ciprofloxacin, using instant dip method, were shown to have broad spectrum, prolonged antimicrobial durability and high efficacy. On the other hand, Catheters impregnated with ciprofloxacin/NAC showed the highest inhibitory effect on microbial adherence to stent surfaces.
Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial of the Action of Several Doses of Lycopene in Localized Prostate Cancer: Administration Prior to Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Kumar Nagi B. , Besterman-Dahan Karen , Kang Loveleen , Pow-Sang Julio , Xu Ping , Allen Kathy , Riccardi Diane , Krischer Jeffrey P.
Published: November 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this Phase II randomized-controlled trial was to evaluate the safety and effect of administering several doses of lycopene to men with clinically localized prostate cancer, on intermediate endpoint biomarkers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis.

Methods

Forty-five eligible men with clinically localized prostate cancer were supplemented with 15, 30 or 45 mg of lycopene or no supplement from biopsy to prostatectomy. Compliance to study agent, toxicity, changes in plasma lycopene, serum steroid hormones, PSA and tissue Ki-67 were analyzed from baseline to completion of intervention.

Results

Forty-two of forty-five five subjects completed the intervention for approximately 30 days from the time of biopsy until prostatectomy. Plasma lycopene increased from baseline to post treatment in all treatment groups with greatest increase observed in the 45 mg lycopene-supplemented arm compared to the control arm without producing any toxicity. Overall, subjects with prostate cancer had lower baseline levels of plasma lycopene similar to those observed in previous studies in men with prostate cancer. Serum free testosterone decreased with 30 mg lycopene supplementation and total estradiol increased significantly with 30 mg and 45 mg supplementation from baseline to end of treatment, with no significant increases in serum PSA or tissue Ki-67. These changes were not significant compared to the control arm for this sample size and duration of intervention.

Conclusions

Although antioxidant properties of lycopene have been hypothesized to be primarily responsible for its beneficial effects, our study suggests that other mechanisms mediated by steroid hormones may also be involved.
Estimation of Accurate and New Method for Hemodialysis Dose Calculation
Authors: Azar Ahmad T.
Published: November 2017

Background

The Kt/V value demonstrates the dose of hemodialysis (HD). However, because of several existing methods for calculating delivered dialysis dose, Kt/V values can, in fact, be different for the same set of pre-/post-dialysis blood urea concentrations.

Methods

In the study presented here, another formula was derived for calculating Kt/V from the pre- and post-dialysis BUN. We prospectively compared the Kt/V values obtained using this new formula and the Kt/V values obtained via the other existing formulae to see whether reliance on the latter approach was likely to lead to errors in over- or underprescribing dialysis regimens. Data were processed on 268 dialysis patients.

Results

The estimated Kt/V (Kt/Vest) values were statistically different (p < 0.05) from the calculated Kt/V values from other models, except for those Kt/V values calculated according to the lowrie (P = 0.112), Keshaviah (P = 0.069), Daugirdas First Generation (P = 0.059), Basile (P = 0.102), Ijely (P = 0.286) and Daugirdas Second Generation (P = 0.709). The best correlations were seen with the Daugirdas second generation formula (R = 0.958 and R2= 0.919).

Conclusion

Since the best correlations were seen between Kt/Vestand the Daugirdas second generation Kt/V we can demonstrate that these two models are more accurate than the other models.
Patient Handoffs in Obstetrics and Gynecology: A Vital Link in Patient Safety
Authors: Yeh John , DeName Khsti
Published: November 2017

Inadequate patient handoffs have been an area of focus for patient safety improvement. Insufficient communication and risks or “shortcuts” taken by staff members during handoffs could negatively affect the safety of patients in a department of obstetrics and gynecology. Other factors that contribute to inadequate handoffs are the caregiver feeling fatigued or stressed, level of urgency, volume of information, language barriers, noise, lighting, ambiguity of describing treatment, not allotting enough time for questions asked, and/or interruptions from other staff members. There have been several methods developed for improving the handoff process, such as the mnemonic devices SBAR, SHARQ, I PASS THE BATON, and the 5 P's. A new method for improving the quality of patient handoffs has been developed and presented in this article. It is a mnemonic device entitled “HANDOFFS”. It covers key aspects of what a handoff process should entail. Teamwork is essential to effective communication, and by using a mnemonic such as this, team members can work together in a more positive and accessible environment that will result in improved patient safety.
A Resident Initiative Improves Hepatitis C Screening Rates in Primary Care Clinics
Authors: Wong Katherine , Abdelqader Abdelhai , Camire Lyn , Farshidpour Maham , Singh Simita , Abuwalla Zach , Weisman David
Published: November 2017

Background 

Electronic reminders for clinical patient counseling have proven to be an effective response to national recommendations to increase risk factor and birth cohort hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening. It is not known whether a resident-led educational intervention alone could increase screening rates where support for electronic intervention may be limited.

Objective 

We determined whether a resident-designed and resident-implemented educational intervention would significantly improve HCV screening rates in primary care clinics.

Methods 

The baseline HCV screening rate was determined retrospectively in our resident community-based primary care clinics. We then implemented an educational intervention that included presenting during resident conference, posting signs in resident work areas, and providing educational pamphlets to patients. We collected screening rate data at 3 and 6 months postintervention. The screening rate was defined as patients screened in clinic divided by the number of patients eligible for screening.

Results 

The screening rate increased significantly from preintervention (6%, 64 of 1023) to 3 months (35%, 363 of 1026) and 6 months (41%, 443 of 1070) and between 3 and 6 months (P < .001). The percentage of screened patients who pursued testing increased significantly between preintervention (62%, 16 of 26) and 6 months (81%, 105 of 130), and between 3 months (67%, 95 of 141) and 6 months (P = .019).

Conclusions 

An educational intervention designed and implemented by residents significantly increased the screening and testing rates for HCV in community-based resident clinics.
La reforma curricular en los estudios de Derecho: la integración de la práctica.
Authors: Casey Timothy
Published: November 2017

La formación de los profesionales del Derecho en los Estados Unidos se encuentra en un momento de crisis. Se enfrenta  simultáneamente a severas críticas y a la presión de las fuerzas del mercado, por lo que debe cambiar para poder sobrevivir. La educación experiencial ofrece la posibilidad de incrementar la relevancia del aprendizaje de la práctica del Derecho en la formación de los futuros juristas y un gran número de Escuelas de Derecho han puesto ya en marcha nuevos programas formativos en los que los estudiantes aprenden a través de la experiencia. Este artículo proporciona una visión general de la formación jurídica y explica como surgió el enfoque de la educación basada en la experiencia en este sector, concluyendo con la descripción de un programa innovador que integra la práctica en la empresa conjuntamente con la formación de los abogados del mañana.
La tutoría en pequeños grupos como recurso formativo para el aprendizaje del Derecho Romano
Authors: De Castro-Camero Rosario
Published: November 2017

El presente trabajo analiza los nuevos retos a los que, en el marco del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, se enfrentan los estudios jurídicos y, en especial, los de Derecho Romano. En él se profundiza sobre las diferentes formas a través de las que un recurso docente, como la tutoría grupal, puede ser útil para este proyecto. Una especial atención se dedica a su papel en la preparación de la asignatura Trabajo Fin de Grado. Muchas de las competencias, genéricas y específicas, adquiridas durante los años de estudio del Grado deben ser utilizadas para su elaboración, de ahí la importancia que tiene como termómetro de calidad de la formación dada y del aprendizaje verdaderamente logrado. La tutela del mismo realizada en pequeños grupos, de cuatro o cinco alumnos como máximo, de acuerdo con la estructura metodológica de un seminario, enriquece cada uno de los trabajos realizados y permite al profesor evaluar el proceso educativo del alumno con mayor realismo. La necesidad de proponer instrumentos adecuados para su eficaz gestión nos ha llevado a adoptar este recurso, basándonos en una experiencia de innovación docente previa puesta en marcha con éxito desde hace más de una década como actividad voluntaria. Los resultados obtenidos son altamente satisfactorios tanto para los alumnos, que aprenden a trabajar cooperativamente, como para su tutor, que está en condiciones de proporcionar al alumno un asesoramiento más completo e integral.

 
¡Sí, abogado! Lo que no aprendí en la Facultad
Authors: López Martínez Iris
Published: November 2017

Recensión del libro: ¡Sí, abogado! Lo que no aprendí en la Facultad

Autor: Miquel Roca Junyent

ISBN: 978-84-8432-924-4

Editorial: Crítica, S.L

Año de edición: 2007

Nº Edición: 1ª

Nº páginas: 203

Idioma: Español
Las prácticas externas en el proceso de adaptación al EEES. El punto de vista de la primera promoción de grado en la UPF
Authors: Alemany Costa Josepa , Perramon Tornil Xavier , Panadès Estruch Laura
Published: November 2017

Para evaluar el proceso de adaptación de las prácticas a los nuevos grados en la Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) se está realizando un estudio en tres fases: una primera de análisis de la situación antes de la implementación del EEES, una segunda para conocer las previsiones de cambios en la implementación desde el punto de vista de los coordinadores-responsables, y una tercera, actualmente en curso, para comprobar el nivel de satisfacción de los estudiantes. El trabajo que se presenta en este artículo se centra en la metodología para obtener estas opiniones de los estudiantes dirigidas a detectar los aspectos susceptibles de mejora en la realización de las prácticas externas. Como primeras conclusiones podemos destacar que la incorporación de las prácticas externas como asignatura curricular en los estudios de grado ha sido un acierto, pues ha aumentado el grado de satisfacción de los primeros estudiantes de grado. La satisfacción del estudiante es aceptablemente alta en lo que se refiere a cuestiones técnicas (proceso de asignación, información previa, seguimiento, etc.) y es muy alta en relación a aspectos de motivación de los estudiantes, quienes en una proporción de cuatro de cada cinco creen que ha sido muy importante hacerlas bien. Asimismo respecto al papel de las prácticas en la inserción laboral de los graduados universitarios, se constata que en un tercio de los casos se ofrece un contrato laboral o una continuación de las prácticas.

ABSTRACT

The internship in the EHEA adaptation process. The UPF’s first year of graduate students’ opinion.

A three-stage study is being performed in order to assess the adaptation of the traineeships to the EHEA Degrees at Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF). First, the situation previous to the EHEA deployment was considered. Second, the necessary changes due to the EHEA as forecasted were considered. Third, the current research, which is still in progress, aims to check student satisfaction in traineeships. This working paper describes thoroughly the methodology, and identifies room for improvement in traineeship performance. As a first conclusion we have found that the incorporation of the traineeships as a curricular subject in the degree studies has been a success, because the students’ satisfaction level has increased. Their satisfaction is acceptably high with technical aspects (assignment process, preliminary information, monitoring, etc.) and it is very high with their motivation. Four out of five students believe it has been very important for them do the internships well. Furthermore, with regard to the role of the internships in the labour integration of university graduates, we found that one third of the trainees received an offer to continue the practicums or a labour contract.
La colaboración docente como base para la innovación y la investigación en los entornos de aprendizaje con TIC
Authors: Fernández Olaskoaga Lorea , Fernández Díaz Elia , Gutiérrez Esteban Prudencia
Published: November 2017

El presente trabajo tiene su origen gracias a la primera convocatoria de la Red Universitaria de Tecnología Educativa (RUTE) para la realización de proyectos de investigación en el ámbito de la tecnología educativa dirigida a investigadores noveles en junio de 2012. El siguiente estudio, llevado a cabo en el curso 2012-2013, tiene como objetivo la generación de una comunidad de práctica que permita el intercambio, la colaboración y la mejora de la docencia universitaria a través del uso de las TIC. A través de la metodología de investigación-acción, se han realizado una serie de prácticas en relación al uso de la tecnología y su importancia en la docencia, así como para generar conocimiento entre el profesorado y el alumnado en torno a las asignaturas implicadas. Los principales resultados muestran que el alumnado cumple un papel activo e importante en la docencia compartida; porque desarrolla una reflexión a través del trabajo realizado por y con otros, con intención de promover prácticas colaborativas con sentido para crear una posible red de intercambio de experiencias y la génesis de proyectos para la mejora de la docencia e investigación. De este modo, se ha contribuido a romper las barreras espaciales y temporales, compartiendo los recursos y las experiencias que abren una puerta para la posterior mejora de la docencia universitaria implicando al alumnado en el proceso.

 
Enseñar en la Universidad. Consejos prácticos, destrezas y métodos pedagógicos
Authors: Páramo Iglesias Mª Beatriz
Published: November 2017

Recensión del libro Enseñar en la Universidad. Consejos prácticos, destrezas y métodos pedagógicos, de Markus Brauer.
PRESENTACIÓN DEL MONOGRÁFICO: Equidad y calidad en la Universidad desde una perspectiva internacional: Investigaciones, estudios y experiencias
Authors: Sánchez Santamaría José , Morales Calvo Sonia , Moreira Clementina
Published: November 2017

La Educación Superior es un bien público proporcionado por los Estados asimilado por el Derecho a la Educación. En los últimos tiempos, las entidades supranacionales como la UNESCO, la OCDE o institutos como el IESALC han puesto en valor el papel de la Educación Superior para crear Sociedades del Conocimiento, capaces de hacer frente a los retos sociales, políticos y económicos planteados por los procesos de Globalización. Buenos ejemplos de ello lo representan la 48ª Conferencia Mundial sobre Educación Superior (UNESCO, 2009) o la Conferencia Regional de la Educación Superior en América Latina y el Caribe (UNESCO/IESALC, 2008), donde el acceso, la equidad y la calidad de la aspectos esenciales para una Educación Superior acorde a los cambios y exigencias en el contexto global. Tal y como apuntan Espinoza y González se trata de poner en marcha políticas que desarrollen “una Educación Superior para todos y todas, teniendo como meta el logro de una mayor cobertura social con calidad, equidad y compromiso con nuestros pueblos” (2010, p.23). Pero al mismo tiempo, empieza a emerger la necesidad de impulsar una Educación Superior que también contemple la calidad y la equidad respecto al proceso y resultados educativos, superando las limitaciones de una educación superior para todos/as que solo contemple las cuestiones básicas de acceso y cobertura (Demeuse et al., 2013).
Herramientas para promover la equidad en la Educación Superior: El sistema de garantía interno de calidad en una Facultad de Educación
Authors: Ramos Francisco Javier , Ávila Francés Mercedes , Sánchez-Antolín Pablo , Jiménez Márquez Laura
Published: November 2017

La igualdad y justicia se han convertido en valores fundamentales del derecho a la educación en las sociedades modernas y, progresivamente, se han ido extendiendo desde la educación básica hasta la educación superior. Estos valores, con el avance de las sociedades democráticas, ya no son suficientes para garantizar una educación de calidad que logre que los resultados sean significativos para las personas. Por ello se profundiza en el concepto de igualdad de oportunidades y comienza a dársele más importancia al concepto de calidad, al que hay que unir, para conseguir instituciones educativas más justas, la equidad educativa entendida como algo que va más allá de la igualdad de oportunidades.

La preocupación por la garantía de calidad en educación ha sido notoria a partir de la puesta en marcha del proceso de Bolonia. El hecho de querer crear un Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior en el que tanto los estudiantes como los profesionales puedan desarrollar libremente sus propósitos académicos hace que la cuestión de la calidad sea un tema clave. Esto ha supuesto que, más allá de la creación de los Sistemas de Garantía de Calidad propios de cada Universidad, se esté trabajando para la extensión de una Cultura de la Calidad.

En el presente trabajo se analiza el Sistema de Garantía Interno de Calidad (SGIC) de una Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, como herramienta para la implementación y logro de la equidad. Se profundiza en cuatro áreas en las que el SGIC contribuye a la equidad: los resultados, la participación de los alumnos, la cultura organizativa y la formación del profesorado.
Nuevo modelo de tutoría cuádruple en una experiencia APP del Grado de Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas de la UdG
Authors: Espinosa-Maribet Sílvia , Andreu-Sánchez Celia , Jiménez Cortacans Alfons
Published: November 2017

Este artículo define cuatro modalidades de tutorías creadas ad hoc para poder desarrollar una experiencia concreta de Aprendizaje por Proyectos (APP), en el Grado de Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas de la Universidad de Girona. El proyecto se ha basado en el desarrollo de una campaña de comunicación integral, a partir del encargo concreto y auténtico de un cliente, en este caso el Decanato de la Facultad de Turismo. Los estudiantes han asumido el rol de agencias de comunicación y los profesores, de responsables de campaña, que les han corregido en áreas de asesoría de sus campañas, en la comunicación online y en la creación de publicidad radiofónica y audiovisual. Finalmente, el papel de cliente lo ha realizado la Decana dando un encargo preciso y real a los estudiantes. El desarrollo del proyecto se ha realizado a partir de una tutorización sistemática y constante que ha permitido una combinatoria tutorial, lo suficientemente flexible como para alcanzar el reto planteado a los alumnos. Las campañas de comunicación fueron presentadas ante un público heterogéneo, con la presencia de profesores, estudiantes y clientes. Los 4 tipos de tutorías presentadas en este nuevo modelo de docencia universitaria son: tutorías específicas semanales, tutorías transversales semanales, tutoría de ensayo general y tutoría final de valoración. El resultado es una experiencia que simula con rigor un trabajo profesional a nivel global, que atiende a intereses y materias de conocimiento específicas. Desarrollamos la óptima implantación de este modelo de tutorización cuádruple en un trabajo de APP durante este curso 2012/2013, después de la ejecución de un plan piloto en 2011/2012.