bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of early mobilization on patients in the intensive care unit: An integrative review
Authors: Márcio Cavalcante Marcelino , Djavan Gomes Leite , Weslley Barbosa Sales , Giovanna Pontes Vidal
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The deleterious effects of immobility in the ICU can be minimized by having early mobilization within their strategies, which consists of an interprofessional plan that proposes the improvement of inactivity and which aims to reduce the problems caused by hospitalization with appropriate exercises for high-age individuals. Risk and its bed. Objective: To identify the effects of this physical therapy technique on patients hospitalized in this hospital sector. Methodology: This is an integrative review, with a survey in March 2020, in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases, with the inclusion criteria: experimental articles and clinical cases with purposes included in the study strategy, written in Portuguese and English, published between 2015 and 2020, available in full in the online collection and exclusion: articles referring to another area of ​​health, incomplete and integrative, systematic reviews, bibliographic or meta-analysis, using the descriptors: “Efficacy”, “Early Mobilization” and “UCI”. Results: The findings from this research made it possible to identify that physiotherapy is effective in carrying out early mobilization protocols, providing important results, such as: length of stay, important gains in functionality, pain reduction, improvement in respiratory muscles and time reduction of mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: Physiotherapy is important in the process of hospitalization of ICU patients, especially in the use of early mobilization protocols, and these were effective in the studies selected for this research.
Immunofluorescence-based assay to assess LRRK2 recruitment by Rab29 v1
Authors: Tonelli Francesca
Published: February 2023

Previous studies using confocal fluorescence microscopy showed that transient over-expression of Rab29 recruits the bulk of cellular LRRK2 to the Golgi, which results in its activation (PMID: 29212815). Here we describe our confocal immunofluorescence microscopy method for measuring the co-localization of LRRK2 and Rab29 in a cell-based assay. This method can be used to screen the impact that LRRK2 mutations or Rab29 mutations have on LRRK2 recruitment to the Golgi, as well as the effect of any compound on Rab29-induced LRRK2 recruitment to the Golgi. Note: This protocol can be used for HEK293 cells and HeLa cells. For other cell types, experimental conditions may need optimising. In parallel with the preparation of samples for immunofluorescence microscopy, we recommend preparing samples for quantitative immunoblotting analysis (as described in dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bsgrnbv6) to confirm successful transfection.
Multiplexed snRNA-seq from frozen human brain samples v2
Authors: Nascimento Marcos
Published: February 2023

This is a protocol to save your experiment and successfully demultiplex nuclei using CellPlex, the cholesterol-modified-oligo (CMO) barcodes from 10x Genomics on your nuclei from snap-frozen tissue. Generally speaking, nuclei from snap-frozen tissue perform really poorly with CMOs. This crucial information was not in their initial documentation when the product was launched, leading to costly losses. However, if you are multiplexing samples from different human donors, there is a way of saving your data and still demultiplexing your samples quickly and reliably. By taking advantage of known SNPs in the human genome, it is possible to demultiplex samples originating from different donors using freemuxlet.
PhageFISH for DIG-labelled bacterial probes v1
Authors: Jensen Ostenfeld Line
Published: February 2023

This protocol details about PhageFISH for DIG-labelled bacterial probes.
Comparison of Green Design Strategies in Five Traditional Malay Houses
Authors:   Deparment Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Husen Nor Afifah , Mohamed Mohd Farid ,   Deparment Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

The traditional Malay house architecture is undoubtedly one of the ideal green ideal design concepts that can be applied in Malaysian housing development for sustainability. Not only does it have unique features that symbolize national identity, but it is also an important example with various design strategies for habitable space based on local climate and sociocultural aspects. Nowadays, Malaysia’s construction sector has changed due to modernization and being replaced and disintegrated by modern influences. Thus, it erodes the values of the existing green design approaches commonly found in the design of traditional Malay house architecture, that respond well to the local sociocultural and climate conditions. The objective of this study is to identify the green approaches in traditional Malay houses in Malaysia. This study used a qualitative approach, which is a combination of literature studies and site observations. For the site observations approach, it limited to traditional Malay houses from five out of eleven states in Peninsular Malaysia. The investigated traditional Malay houses are from Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Terengganu, and Kelantan. The findings of the study show that the architecture of these traditional Malay houses have many green design strategies which prove the sustainability aspect exist in all investigated traditional Malay houses. Thus, this study lists 22 of typically found green design strategies in traditional Malay houses and it can be used as reference or guideline for designing homes in Malaysia.
Effect of Exploration Depth on Microstructural Behavior of Subsurface Soft Clayey Soil for Foundation Construction Purposes
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, P. M. B. 7267, Umuahia 440109, Abia State, Nigeria, Onyelowe Kennedy , Onyia Michael E. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Onukwugha Eze ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Nigeria, Udeala Richard ,   Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ukana, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, A. Mohammed Nura ,   National Geosciences Research Laboratory, Nigerian Geological Survey Agancy, Aliyu Makama Road, Barnawa, Kaduna South, Kaduna, Nigeria, Yakubu Isa ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Published: February 2023

The geomorphological, microstructural pattern and mineralogical configuration of subsurface soils explored from 1-meter, 3-meter and 7-meter depths have been studied for the purpose of foundation materials suitability. Soils samples arehauled from borrow sites to where they are utilized as foundation materials. In very most cases, this exploration is doneat varying depths and soil being an erratic geomaterial change in its important engineering characteristics with depth.This laboratory examination was necessary to establish the microstructural behaviour and pattern of soils when they areexplored from different depths. The samples collected from different depths showed to be A-3 soils according to AASHTOclassification method and poorly graded according to the USCS. Also varying depth of the soil sample was characterizedby a proportional increase in moisture content; this as well applies to the `liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity indexvalues respectively with an exception in the shrinkage limit, which reduces with increase in depth of soil sample. This can beattributed to the erratic behavior of soil, which makes it change behavior from location to location and from depth to depth,clayey contents changes with depth likewise its desiccation properties. The geomorphology and microstructure of the soilsshow weaker configuration with increased depth of exploration to 7 meters. This shows that for any foundation purposes,soils at both 3 meter and 7-meter depths require treatment to be suitable for construction purposes. Geo-constructions likecompacted earth liner systems, mechanically stabilized earths or backfills, pavement subgrade systems can be constructedwith the studied soils but care must be taken to modify the soils to meet the basic design considerations.
Improvements of TPS-Porous Asphalt Using Wax- Based Additives for the Application on Malaysian Expressway
Authors:   School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia, Selvadurai Satis Kumar , Mohd Hasan Mohd Rosli ,   School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia, Sani Ashiru ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, 3244 Kano, Nigeria, Hiromitsu Nakanishi ,   Taiyu Kensetsu Co. Ltd., 5-14-2 Kanayama, Naka-ku, Nagoya, Japan, Hamzah Meor Othman ,   School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia, Poovaneshvaran Sharvin ,   School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Porous asphalt provides a sustainable approach to reduce traffic noise at source, while at the same time offering storm-water management systems which promote infiltration and often reduce the need for a detention pool. However, porous asphalt is prone to premature deteriorations, in terms of ravelling, and air voids clogging, rendering its unpopularity as the road surfacing material for expressways construction. In this research, the comparative influences of Tough Fix (TF) and Tough Fix Hyper (TFH) additives incorporation were evaluated on the performance of Tafpack-Super modified porous asphalt mixtures (TPS-PA). The Tafpack-Super (TPS) as a modifier at 20%, and anti-stripping additives (TF and TFH) with dosages used in this study were 0.3%, and 0.15% based on the weight of asphalt binder, respectively. Initially, the PA mixtures were prepared according to a predetermined mix design, and verified based on the percentage of air voids, permeability, and connected air voids. Comprehensive experimental tests of Marshall stability, permeability, Cantabro loss, rutting resistance, and moisture induced damage resistance were performed to assess the mechanical performance of the TPS-PA mixtures. Moreover, the Texas boiling test was employed to assess the stripping potential of loose TPS-PA mixtures. The experimental results revealed that both TF and TFH are capable of improving the PA resistance against rutting, ravelling, and moisture damage. In addition, the porous asphalt with TFH anti-stripping agent incorporation exhibited a superior overall performance as compared to the PA with TF.
Extraction of Ammonia-Nitrogen and Orthophosphate in the Form of Struvite from Palm Oil Mill Effluent
Authors:   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Haan Teow Yeit , Mohamad Azman Nor Maizatul Aqilah ,   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mohamed Hal Hamid Pakeer ,   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Teoh Yuan Xin ,   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Mohd Nor Nor Azier ,   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Al-Rajabi Maha Mohammad ,   Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
Published: February 2023

Ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) and orthophosphate (PO43-) contain in palm oil mill effluent will cause toxicity to aquatic life and polluted water source. However, these substances could be use as fertilizer for plant. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the mandatory nutrient source for the plant growth. This study studied the effect of pH and magnesium weight on the effectiveness of the extraction of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) and orthophosphate (PO43-) from palm oil mill effluent (POME) in the form of struvite (MgNH4PO4•6H2O). The effect of pH on percent removal of NH3-N and PO43- from POME was studied by manipulating the pH of POME at constant the weight of magnesium chloride (MgCl2). Meanwhile, the effect of MgCl2 on the percentage removal of NH3-N and PO43- from POME was studied by manipulating the weight of MgCl2 at constant pH of POME. The concentrations of NH3-N and PO43- were determined using spectrophotometers and struvites were characterized using fourier-transform infrared (FTIR). This study showed that pH is an important factor in the extraction of NH3-N and PO43- ions in the form of struvit. pH 11.5 is the optimum pH to achieve the effective extraction process of NH3-N and PO43- from POME in the form of struvit. Addition of the MgCl2 did not have a significant effect on the extraction process because POME contained sufficient magnesium ions for the extraction process. The highest NH3-N and PO43− removal was attained at pH 11.5 with the addition of 0.5 g MgCl2. 93.72% NH3-N and 86.15% PO43- were removed from POME in struvit extraction process. The resulting struvit yield was also identified through FTIR analysis by the existence of O-H bond, N-H bond, and P-O bond.
Prediction of Rain Attenuation in Malaysia Using TRMM Data
Authors:   Program Sarjana Kejuternaan Komunikasi dan Komputer, Fakulti Kejuruteraan & Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Tauhid Ahmad Noor Hidayah , Ishak Asnor Nadirah ,   Program Sarjana Kejuternaan Komunikasi dan Komputer, Fakulti Kejuruteraan & Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Jit Singh Mandeep Singh ,   Jabatan Elektrik, Elektronik dan Sistem, Fakulti Kejuruteraan & Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Rainfall is observed as a main contributing factor in the degradation of electromagnetic signal for frequency above 10GHz through absorption and scattering, resulting a weak or fading signal. Broadcasting satellite service operates in Ku band (12GHz to 18GHz) is widely used has caused congestion, therefore Ka band is exploited to meet the customer demand. However, the rain attenuation effects on Ka band are higher than Ku band. In this study, the rain attenuation effects of Ka band downlink signal of the Measat-5 satellite are analysed to assess the rain fade properties using TRMM 3B42 data for eleven (11) years from January 2009 until December 2019 for fourteen study areas. All data are processed to obtain 1-minute integration data using Segal Model and the prediction of rain attenuation are implemented using ITU-R P.618-13 model. This study summarizes, there are three, (3) main factors that influence the impact of rain attenuation, namely the value of specific attenuation, receiver station altitude and elevation angle of the satellite signal receiver antenna. The signal availability impact on rain attenuation shows, eight (8) study areas could receive 99.90% of service readiness, while the rest at 99.00% to comply with the ITU unavailability requirements. Overall, the value of rain attenuation on the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia is smaller than the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia and the value of rain attenuation in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia is closer to the value of rain attenuation in Sabah and Sarawak.
Initial Investigation on Binding Agents for Compact Powder Formulation from Rice (Bedak Sejuk)
Authors:   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Ping Sim Siew , Tan Kofli Noorhisham ,   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Bedak sejuk is a type of traditional cosmetic product that is favoured by women that possesses potential to be marketed as cosmetic product in the form of loose powder or compact powder. At present, there is no research available on the bedak sejuk in the compact format. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to produce a compact powder by introducing several binding agents. The soaking process of rice grain in the water was carried out for 84 days (14 days soaking interval, 6 times soaking water changed) to produce the paste of bedak sejuk. It was then dried and crushed using mortar and pestle before being sieved to be characterizes (particles sizes and bonds- FTIR). The compact format of bedak sejuk were prepared by addition of different binding agents namely ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol(PVA), magnesium stearate and jojoba oil to evaluate its cracking level, hardness through drop test and easiness of application onto the skin. Based on the result, the particle size of uncrushed and crushed bedak sejuk were at 1000-2000μm and ranging 150-250 μm respectively. The FTIR analysis showed that the functional groups existed in bedak sejuk were OH bond, C-H bond, C=O bond, C-O-H bond and C-O bond. Each type of compact bedak sejuk produced from each binding agent exhibits their own strengths and weaknesses respectively. In short, alcohol (PVA) is found to be the best binding agent used due to its easiness to be applied onto the skin.
Toddlers of 18, 22 and 26 Months Old Take into Account the Limits of their Body
Authors: Khvatov I.A.
Published: February 2023

Today, most researchers recognize the fact of the multicomponent nature of the phenomenon of self-awareness. Earlier, in studies of self-awareness, both in early ontogeny in humans and in animals, the emphasis was on the visual representation of oneself. Now the bodily components of self-awareness are also taken into account: the perception of one's own limits, weight and other characteristics. In 2007, an experimental technique was developed, during which children of different ages (18, 22 and 26 months) had to penetrate holes corresponding to the size of their bodies. The experimental setup used permeable and impermeable holes. The number of errors made it possible to judge how well the children correlate the limits of their own bodies with the size of the holes. This article proposes a modification of the previously developed technique (experimental setup and the experiment procedure itself) to improve the reliability of the data obtained. We believe that the technique we have developed makes it possible to exclude such a side factor as the position of the hole. Therefore, with its help, clearer results were obtained (in comparison with the old method): children at the age of 18 months do not yet correlate the size of their body with the size of the holes for penetration. Moreover, each of the 30 children made no more than one mistake in a trial. Children aged 26 months significantly more often made the first attempt to penetrate the permeable opening. This indicates that at the age of 26 months, a person develops an awareness of the boundaries of his body.
Measuring the Duration of the Phase of the Formation of a Physiological Phenomenon as a Predictor of Conscious Sensation at the Visual-Motor Reaction "Go / No-Go" – Type in the Paradigm of Backward Masking
Authors: Sobolev V.I. , Popov M.N.
Published: February 2023

In a psychophysiological experiment, the effect of inhibition of the “Go/No-go” – type differential visual-motor reaction (DVMR) under the influence of a masker stimulus presented at different periods of its implementation was revealed; this effect is manifested in the range of stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) from 40 to 100 ms. There is a relationship between the latent period of DVMR and the value of the SOA interval, described in a logarithmic scale by the equation of a straight line: the latency of the sensorimotor response is inversely proportional to the logarithm of SOA. The psychophysiological method based on measuring the degree of inhibition of the “Go/No-go” – type DVMR speed in the backward masking paradigm can be used to measure the duration of the formation of a physiological phenomenon as a predictor of conscious sensation. A possible mechanism of inhibition of the rate of realization of the “Go/No-go” – type "reaction during backward masking consists in a decrease in the intensity of the physiological phenomenon under the influence of the masker, which lengthens the latent period of the sensorimotor reaction.
Association of p53 protein expression with the presence of a 17p13 locus deletion of the TP53 gene and with the survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Sarpova Mariia V. , Vaneeva Elena V. , Diakonov Dmitry A. , Rosin Vitaly A. , Samarina Svetlana V.
Published: February 2023

Background. A significant role in the pathogenesis, resistance to treatment and progression of many types of lymphomas, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, is assigned to the TP53 gene. Literature data on the prognostic significance of the expression of its product, the p53 protein, and its association with aberrations at the 17p13 locus are ambiguous.
Aim. To assess the relationship of p53 protein expression with the presence of a 17p13 locus deletion of the TP53 gene and the survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Material and methods. The study included 75 patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who received R-CHOP therapy. The calculation of the relative content of tumor cells expressing p53 was carried out using immunohistochemical and morphometric methods on biopsy samples of lymph nodes. The 17p13/TP53 deletion was determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization. The threshold level of p53-positive tumor cells, corresponding to 43%, was calculated by ROC analysis. The association between p53 protein expression and the presence of a 17p13 deletion was assessed using Fisher's (F) and Pearson's 2 tests. The correlation dependence was evaluated by the Cramer method (V). Five-year overall and progression-free survival was calculated using the KaplanMeier method. Differences between the indicators were considered statistically significant at p 0.05.
Results. The frequency of 17p13/TP53 deletion was higher in patients with high expression of p53 (43%) compared to the group of patients with low expression: 87.5 and 12.5%, respectively (p=0.018). A direct correlation between a high level of p53 expression (43%) and the presence of a 17p13/TP53 deletion was found (p=0.018). Five-year overall and progression-free survival in patients with a proportion of p53-positive cells 43% was significantly lower than in patients with its subthreshold value: 54.5 versus 81.0% (p=0.014) and 45.5 versus 66.7% (p=0.022), respectively.
Conclusion. High expression of the p53 protein is associated with the presence of a 17p13 locus deletion and a low five-year survival rate in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
New derivatives of phosphorus-containing compounds with amino acid and triazolethione ­fragments are potential drugs that improve memory and cognitive functions
Authors: Nikitina Anastasiya V. , Semina Irina I. , Baychurina Afrida Z. , Vivolaneс Anastasia A. , Akhmedieva Diana V.
Published: February 2023

Background. Cognitive disorders are often the main symptom of neurological and mental diseases. Given the variety of mechanisms for the development of these changes, it is necessary to search for and develop new drugs.
Aim. An experimental study of the behavioral effects of new derivatives of phosphorus-containing compounds with amino acid and triazolethione fragments as potential agents that improve memory and cognitive functions.
Material and methods. A computer prediction of the activity of 43 compounds (the Prediction Activity Spectral of Substances and Pharma expert programs) and the selection of 5 active compounds were carried out. The compounds were studied on 140 outbred male mice (14 groups, n=10) and 100 male Wistar rats (10 groups, n=10) in the T-maze and Morris water maze behavioral tests when administered intraperitoneally in doses 1/100 and 1/50 LD50 for 14 days. A comparative analysis with memantine (10 mg/kg), piracetam (100 mg/kg) and the structural analogue of the 2-chloroethoxy-para-N-dimethylaminophenylphosphorylacetohydrazide compounds (10 mg/kg) was carried out. Statistical processing was performed using the GraphPad prism 8.0.1 program with the calculation of Student's t-test.
Results. The mnemotropic activity of N-substituted ammonium salts of arylphosphinic acids and phosphorylated derivatives of thiosemicarbazides was shown, the most effective representatives of which, 2-ethoxy-2-oxoethanammonium salt (2-ethoxy-2-oxotyl)(4-tolyl) of phosphinic acid (AH15) and 2-[(diphenyl phosphoryl)acetyl]-N-phenylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide (T8), reduced the time of searching for a feeder in the T-maze by 2.0 and 4.3 times, respectively (p 0.05). A similar effect was observed in the Morris Water Maze, where the use of substances T8 and 2-ethoxy-2-oxoethanammonium salt (2-ethoxy-2-oxotil)(4-chlorophenyl) of phosphinic acid (B3) on the 4th day of administration led to an increase in the time spent by rats in the platform area by 1.8 and 1.6 times (p 0.05), respectively, and on the 14th day by 1.5 times (p 0.05). Memantine and piracetam were only effective after 14 days of administration.
Conclusion. Compounds of the series of N-substituted ammonium salts of arylphosphinic acids and phosphorylated derivatives of thiosemicarbazides improve memory and learning processes in experimental rodents with a single and 14-day application, showing significant advantages over memantine and piracetam.
The share of influence of factors determining the state of public health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fomin Viktor V. , Korshever Natan G. , Sidelnikov Sergey A. , Royuk Valery V. , Reshetnikov Vladimir A.
Published: February 2023

Background. The relevance of the study is explained by insufficient knowledge of the determinants of health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Aim. To study the share of influence of factors that determine the state of public health in the context of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19).
Material and methods. A sociological research method was used in 2021, an anonymous survey of 42 expert healthcare managers, who were asked to determine the share of influence of determinants on the state of public health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, was conducted. After the completion of the survey, its results were compared with those obtained without a pandemic in 2017. Since the data distribution corresponded to the GaussNewton binomial curve, the significance of differences was assessed using the parametric Student's t-test.
Results. It has been established that the structure of the influence of health determinants in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic differs significantly from that without it. During a pandemic, the share of factors in the Lifestyle group decreases by 1.75 times, and it is no longer a priority, but occupies the third ranking place. Out-of-group determinants, which were in second position, take the first place. The second ranking place with a growth of 1.60 times is occupied by the Conditions of life and work group. The share of influence of each of the considered 37 determinants of health was assessed multidirectional changes, for example, an increase in the responsibility of the authorities for actions and equity in relation to the health of the population from the General Factors group and a decrease in six of the seven determinants of the Lifestyle group, were identified. Continuation of the study is possible with regard to the formation of a separate block in the design of the appropriate optimization technology.
Conclusion. A significant change in the structure of the influence of the public health determinants during the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison with the data obtained before the onset of this pandemic, has been established.
Possibilities of computed and magnetic resonance imaging of the heart in patients with ­atrial fibrillation
Authors: Galyautdinov Genshat S. , Ibragimova Karina R. , Galeeva Shamilya Sh.
Published: February 2023

Computed and magnetic resonance imaging of the heart has been widely used in recent years in patients with atrial fibrillation. They are used to determine the morphology of the heart, the presence of intracardiac thrombi, quantify the structures of the heart, thrombosis of intracardiac devices, determine tactics for surgical interventions, and other purposes. These methods of instrumental diagnostics can be used as an alternative to transesophageal echocardiography, which has a number of limitations and disadvantages compared to computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Computed and magnetic resonance imaging of the heart are used to avoid invasiveness in the study of the heart, to improve the accuracy of measuring heart structures, to reduce the number of diagnostic methods used before various surgical interventions in patients with atrial fibrillation, and also, according to epidemic indications, as part of the prevention of the spread of coronavirus infection. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging allows to avoid radiation exposure to the patient. The review presents the results of studies, meta-analyses of pooled samples, as well as a description of the clinical possibilities of computed and magnetic resonance imaging of the heart in patients with atrial fibrillation. Publications on the use of these methods for visualization of thrombi in the left atrium and its appendage, in pulmonary vein ablation and occlusion of the left atrial appendage, as well as data on visualization of the residual flow around the occlusive device and thrombosis of intracardiac devices are presented. According to the results of a literature review, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the heart have similar or higher imaging capabilities compared to transesophageal echocardiography, as well as some advantages over it, primarily the non-invasiveness of the procedure. The works demonstrating the possibilities of computed tomography of the heart for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease in patients with atrial fibrillation are presented. In preparing the review, the literature search method in PubMed databases for the period 20132022 was used.
Evolution and interdisciplinary interaction of early childhood cardiac surgery in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Mirolyubov Leonid M.
Published: February 2023

Surgical treatment of congenital heart defects is one of the most difficult tasks. The article shows the way of development of this direction in Kazan and in the Republic of Tatarstan. The benefits of using the ways and methods adopted in cardiac surgery for the treatment of patients in difficult clinical situations are described. The positive influence of the scientific study of medical activity on the development of the general situation is reflected.
Interference, syndemia and neutrality of microbiota relationships as components of epidemic self-regulation
Authors: Sofronov Genrikh A. , Belyakov Nikolay A. , Boeva Ekaterina V.
Published: February 2023

This article is dedicated to the outstanding scientist and figure of the national epidemiological doctrine, Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Vitaly Belyakov. Through the prism of the events of recent years the advent of pandemics of socially significant infections a modern interpretation and confirmation of the relevance of the previously formulated theory of self-regulation of parasitic systems was given. The evolutionarily complex and diverse relationships between the microbiota and the animal world, its significant role in establishing a balance among many epidemic processes in the human population are considered and systematized. Particular attention is paid to the development of the human immunodeficiency virus and SARS-CoV-2 syndemic, as well as the latest observations of the interaction between the COVID-19 pathogen and the influenza virus. Data are presented that reflect the presence of interfering processes between the influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, where for two years all isolated dangerous strains of SARS-CoV-2 prevented the arrival of seasonal epidemics of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections. V. Belyakov in a certain historical format was ahead of events, describing the processes of self-regulation of the microcosm in the conditions of the macro- and microenvironment and its development, the patterns of which can be applied in the future.
Editorial Comment
Authors: Tabas Brad , Jenner Paul
Published: February 2023

The tenth issue of Conversations takes as its starting point the mutually expressed importance of the intellectual relationship and friendship between Stanley Cavell and the historian of science Thomas Kuhn. Their dialogue is all the more striking given that both thinkers were as concerned with difficulties of communication as with its achievement. Yet there is no hint of a struggle with incommensurability in Kuhn’s claim that Cavell was “the only person with whom I have been able to explore my ideas in incomplete sentences.” Cavell likewise explained, in The Claim of Reason, that the work owed much to having been “at times almost in possession of the something you might call an intellectual community” while working with Kuhn at Berkeley. This issue springs from these conversations between Cavell and Kuhn, exploring and extending their encounters through readings which cross Cavell with Kuhn and Kuhn with Cavell, and in so doing extending our understanding of each, while also illustrating the ways in which their work can still provide inspiration for grappling with science, art, and philosophy.
Medidas de desempeño de la calidad de atención en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación ST en el hospital de San José de Bogotá, 2014
Authors: Sprockel-Díaz John Jaime , Barbosa-Balaguera Christian Camilo , Diaztagle-Fernández Juan José
Published: February 2023

Introducción: el infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del ST, es una entidad con alto impacto en mortalidad en la población mundial. Es indispensable un oportuno diagnóstico e inicio de terapia de reperfusión de forma eficaz. Objetivo: reevaluar las medidas de desempeño en el manejo del infarto de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST. Materiales y método: estudio descriptivo prospectivo de serie de casos recolectados durante seis meses en el 2014, se revisaron los pacientes que tenían diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del ST y se consignaron sus características mas las diferentes medidas de desempeño de la calidad de atención en el Hospital San José. Resultados: se incluyeron 26 pacientes, de los cuales 19 llegaron a ventana siendo estos trombolizados. La mediana del tiempo puerta electrocardiograma fue de 16 minutos, y del tiempo puerta aguja 57 minutos. La adherencia fue del 100% para los betabloqueadores, acido acetilsalicílico y los inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina, mientras que la consejería de toma de tensión arterial ambulatoria y rehabilitación cardiaca fue del 86,9% y 82,6% respectivamente. Por otro lado, solo el 8,6% de los pacientes cumplieron con la toma de niveles de lípidos y 62,5% tuvieron consejería para abandono de tabaco. La mortalidad hospitalaria fue 8,7%. Conclusiones: se encontró una alta tasa de cumplimiento de las medidas de desempeño en el manejo del infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del ST, excepto en la medición de los niveles de lípidos. Se evidencio un moderado retroceso en los tiempos de intervención en el diagnóstico y en implementación de una terapia farmacológica de reperfusión (tiempo puerta-electrocardiograma y tiempo puerta aguja) manteniéndose las mismas tasas de mortalidad. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(3):27-32.
Representaciones sociales sobre salud en adolescentes habitantes de calle, Medellín 2014
Authors: Monsalve-Escudero Laura Milena , Arcila-García Vanessa Johana , Suescun-Durango Betsy Andrea , Cardona-Arias Jaiberth Antonio
Published: February 2023

Introducción: En Medellín se desconocen las representaciones sociales sobre salud en habitantes de calle. Objetivo: Comprender las representaciones sociales sobre el proceso salud-enfermedad y enfermedades transmisibles en niños y adolescentes habitantes de calle, Medellín. Materiales y método: Teoría fundamentada con 20 personas pertenecientes a un programa educativo para personas de la calle, seleccionadas por muestreo teórico. Se realizaron entrevistas, diarios de campo, observación participante y no participante; codificación abierta, axial y selectiva; triangulación metodológica, investigativa y teórica. Se aplicaron los criterios de credibilidad, auditabilidad y transferibilidad. Resultados: La salud es un proceso determinado por los dominios histórico, social y empírico; ésta presenta tres dimensiones, la ambiental, la física y la emocional, siendo la última un elemento marginal en el grupo estudiado. La salud es multidimensional mientras que la enfermedad está circunscrita a lo físico; en consecuencia, los recursos terapéuticos se limitan a la intervención de alteraciones orgánicas. Las estrategias de intervención de la enfermedad giran en torno de la auto-atención y la atención por pares; mientras que los servicios de salud institucionalizados representan lo negativo en tanto constituyen espacios de estigmatización y eliminación de barreras protectoras como “el mugre”. El grupo presenta una teoría de la causalidad de las infecciones ligada a la contaminación ambiental y la violencia. Conclusión: Las representaciones sociales de la salud en el grupo de estudio distan de visiones hegemónicas que vindican su holismo, los dominios físico y ambiental constituyen el centro de sus referentes teóricos y prácticos frente a la enfermedad. MÉD.UIS. 2016;29(3):33-42.
Temporal trends and factors associated with preterm birth in Chile, 1992-2018
Authors: Toro-Huerta Carol , Vidal Carolina , Araya-Castillo Luis
Published: February 2023

An analytical study based on Chilean birth records obtained from the Department of Statistics and Health Information (DEIS) was conducted. This study aimed to evaluate temporal trends in preterm births by maternal age in Chile from 1990 to 2018. Results show that the preterm birth rate in 1992 was 5.0% and increased to 7.2% in 2018. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was 1.44. Age groups at the extremes (19 and under and 35 and over) presented the highest rates of preterm birth, both at the beginning and at the end of the study period. The latter group showed a smaller decrease at the beginning (1992 to 1995), with an annual percentage change (APC) of -3.00. The probability of preterm birth in both groups was higher compared to the 20-34 year old group. Although Chile boasts some of the best maternal and child health indicators in the region, repercussions associated with the current postponement of maternity – including preterm birth – must be monitored.
Productivity, Smart Specialisation, and Innovation:
Authors: Kruse Mirko , Somcutean Cristina , Wedemeier Jan
Published: February 2023

The paper aims to enrich the discussion on the Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialisation (RIS3) and ongoing development of macro-regions in the EU. EU macro-regions are defined as geographical related places that are considered to be socially, economically, and historically linked and, until now, make a blind spot in the discussion on Smart Specialisation and regional innovation. The empirical approach of this paper is to apply a simply pooled OLS-regression with productivity as an independent variable, various exogenous variables on Smart Specialisation, dummies on EU macro-regions, and time-fixed effects within NUTS2 regions between 2014 and 2018. From this, it can be concluded that Smart Specialisation has a significant dependency on productivity. Moreover, it was assumed that regions of a macro-region benefit from each other by co-location. The result is not perfect. This raises questions for the development of EU macro-regions.
FEATURES OF TERRITORY PLANNING AND SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS: FROM THE PAST TO THE PRESENT
Authors: Shynkarenko S. L. , Nikolayeva M. I.
Published: February 2023

Problem Statement and Purpose. In this article, the author reveals the peculiarities of territory planning and settlement systems using a diachronic approach to analyzing scientific literature and available materials. The paper examines the settlement process of ancient cities, the Middle Ages, the stages of industrial and scientific-technological revolutions, the period of development of the service economy, and the modern post-industrial era.
Data & Methods. This study uses a diachronic approach to the analysis of material based on the comparison of data from different eras. In addition to the specified method, the author used indirect quotations that were organically woven into the text in analyzing literary sources.
Results. The analysis highlights such models of territorial planning and urban development as the theory of concentric zones, the sector model, the multiple nuclei model, the exploitative model, the mixed scanning approach, and others. A postindustrial or informational and communicative model of territorial planning, when the main systemic factor is the system of communication interaction, characterizes territory planning in the 21st century. Communication unites the city’s residents and guests in creating, distributing, processing, and selecting a feedback mechanism regarding relevant arrays of primary and secondary information. In addition, the planning of territories and settlement systems must meet environmental safety criteria, be aesthetically attractive, have reliable and safe engineering and transport infrastructure, ensure comfortable population living and meet the factors of economicbenefit. The importance of religion and relevant organizations in territorial planning is emphasized separately. Taking into account the approaches to planning territories and settlement systems, the general features of the process were highlighted.
RESPIRATORY ORGANS PROTECTION FROM THE AMMONIA ACTION
Authors: Khoma P. E. , Abramova N. N. , Kiro S. A. , Knish I. M.
Published: February 2023

The article deals with the issues of protection of the respiratory organs from the toxic effects of ammonia, based on the research of employees of the Physical-chemical institute for environment and human protection of MES OF Ukraine and NAS of Ukraine. The physicochemical properties of ammonia and its toxicological characteristics are discussed in detail. Emergency hygienic regulations and reference levels of its concentration in the air are given, depending on the severity of possible effects. Activated carbon, the most widely used for equipping gas-absorbing cartridges of respirators and industrial gas masks, does not have the ability to selectively absorb ammonia without treatment with chemically active compounds. To enhance selectivity, activated carbon is infiltrated with d-metal salts and organic polybasic acids. An alternative to granular charcoal sorbents are ion-exchange fibrous materials or impregnated fibrous chemisorbents (IFCS), which have a significantly lower weight and breathing resistance. Impregnation was carried out with solutions of citric acid, and glycerol, sodium chloride, and ethanol were used as modifiers to achieve a uniform distribution of citric acid on the surface of the fibers and increase adhesion to them. The study of the sorption characteristics of IFCS as part of the gas-absorbing cartridge of the «Klen-K1» respirator was carried out with dry and moistened samples under dynamic conditions close to the actual operation of respiratory protection equipment: NH3 concentration in the gas-air mixture 700 mg/m3 (35 TVL), relative humidity φ = 0 ÷ 72%, linear flow rate – 5,1 sm/s. It is shown that the humidity of the gas-air mixture plays a decisive role in the efficiency of ammonia sorption, it activates the protective properties of IFCS. It has been established that gas-absorbing cartridges equipped with the developed samples of IFCS impregnated with a 40.0% solution of citric acid with the addition of 3.3% glycerol and 1.0% sodium chloride provide the normalized requirements for class K1 gas filters (ammonia) with humidity of the inhaled air ≥ 30%. The presence of «free» water provides a more complete «activation» of the specified chemisorbent for this toxicant.
Aplicação de tecnologia de realidade aumentada em modelos tridimensionais de arquitetura e engenharia
Authors: Almeida Gabriel Brazão de , Corrêa Neto Jacy Soares
Published: February 2023

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo aplicar a tecnologia de Realidade Aumentada (RA) em modelos de arquitetura e instalações prediais utilizados em cursos de arquitetura e urbanismo e engenharia civil. Para tanto, partiu-se do procedimento de Design Science Research para elaborar modelos digitais a partir do software SketchUp, além de sua integração no software Unity3D e Vuforia para gerar modelos de RA. Adicionalmente, foi elaborado um recurso educacional aberto explicando os procedimentos para elaboração de RA utilizando os softwares mencionados. Os resultados mostraram que a RA pode contribuir para o ensino nas áreas supracitadas, isso porque em contraste aos meios tradicionais de representação e visualização, a RA é uma tecnologia de baixo custo que proporciona melhor simulação e visualização de projetos e seus elementos construtivos, bem como mostra a sua relevância para diversos usos como apresentações de projetos, de maquetes virtuais e compreensão de elementos e sistemas construtivos de maneira mais aprofundada.
Sociedades en red: usos de internet y transformaciones en las prácticas socioculturales a través del diario tapatío El Informador (1994-2000)
Authors: Rodríguez Santana Esther
Published: February 2023

En los años noventa, internet adquirió un interés comercial que permitió su incorporación a la vida cotidiana de la sociedad transformando prácticas socioculturales. A pesar de ser una herramienta global, su incorporación fue un proceso heterogéneo. Por tal motivo, este artículo pretende ser un aporte para entender este fenómeno global desde una perspectiva local estudiado desde un medio de comunicación tradicional. Para tal propósito, se analizaron 66 notas del diario tapatío El Informador en el periodo de 1994 y 2000 que hacían referencia a internet. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa para sistematizar las notas y tener una narrativa cronológica. A partir del análisis, se reconocieron tres temáticas principales: la participación de actores públicos y privados en el uso de internet; los cambios en las prácticas socioculturales; e internet y medios de comunicación. Las temáticas permiten explicar cómo las pautas de comportamiento se reproducen y transforman a través de una dinámica dialéctica entre la sociedad e internet, creando nuevas dinámicas sociales resultantes de la sociedad red propuesta por Manuel Castells.