bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from A Rigorous and Comprehensive Validation: Common Genetic Variations and Lung Cancer
Authors: Yang Ping , Li Yafei , Jiang Ruoxiang , Cunningham Julie M. , Zhang Fang , de Andrade Mariza
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Multiple recent genome-wide studies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) reported associations between candidate chromosome loci and lung cancer susceptibility. We evaluated five of the top candidate SNPs (rs402710, rs2736100, rs4324798, rs16969968, and rs8034191) for their effects on lung cancer risk and overall survival.

Methods: Over 1,700 cases and 2,200 controls were included in this study. Seven independent, complementary case-control data sets were tested for risk assessment encompassing cigarette smokers and never smokers, using unrelated controls and unaffected full-sibling controls. Five patient groups were tested for survival prediction stratified by smoking status, histology subtype, and treatment.

Results: After considering a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a risk factor altering lung cancer risk and comparing to sibling controls, none of the five SNPs remained significant. However, the variant rs4324798 was significant in predicting overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.30-0.73; P = 0.001) in small cell lung cancer.

Conclusions: None of the five candidate SNPs in lung cancer risk can be confirmed in our study. The previously reported association could be explained by disparity in tobacco smoke exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease history between cases and controls. Instead, we found rs4324798 to be an independent predictor in small cell lung cancer survival, warranting further elucidation of the underlying mechanisms.Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(1); 240–4
Data from Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma Risk in Two Prospective Studies
Authors: Kim Christopher , Bassig Bryan A. , Seow Wei Jie , Hu Wei , Purdue Mark P. , Huang Wen-Yi , Liu Chin-San , Cheng Wen-Ling , Männistö Satu , Vermeulen Roel , Weinstein Stephanie J. , Lim Unhee , Hosgood H. Dean , Bonner Matthew R. , Caporaso Neil E. , Albanes Demetrius , Lan Qing , Rothman Nathaniel
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA CN) may be modified by mitochondria in response to oxidative stress. Previously, mtDNA CN was associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk, particularly chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL). We conducted a replication study in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) study and pooled with published ATBC (Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene) data.

Methods: In PLCO, 292 NHL cases (95 CLL/SLL cases) and 301 controls were pooled with 142 NHL cases (47 CLL/SLL cases) and 142 controls from ATBC. Subjects answered a questionnaire and provided blood. DNA was extracted from prediagnostic peripheral white blood, and mtDNA CN assayed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Unconditional logistic regression estimated mtDNA CN and NHL risk by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results: Greater mtDNA CN was associated with increased risk of CLL/SLL among males in PLCO (3rd vs. 1st tertile: OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.03–4.72; Ptrend: 0.049) and pooled (T3 vs. T1: OR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.72–5.68; Ptrend: 0.0002). Association was stronger among male smokers (Ptrend: <0.0001) and essentially identical for cases diagnosed <6, >6–8, and >8 years from blood draw (pooled: Pinteraction: 0.65). mtDNA CN and risk of other NHL subtypes and multiple myeloma showed no association.

Conclusions and Impact: Mitochondrial DNA CN was associated with risk of CLL/SLL in males/male smokers. The risk was observed among cases diagnosed as long as 8 years after blood draw. These results suggest that higher mtDNA CN may reflect a process involved in CLL/SLL development. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(1); 148–53. ©2014 AACR.
Data from Polymorphisms of a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs 5 and Aflatoxin B1–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Xiao-Ying , Yao Jin-Guang , Huang Bing-Chen , Ma Yun , Xia Qiang , Long Xi-Dai
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Altered expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) is observed in hepatocellular carcinoma. The genetic polymorphisms of this gene in aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)–related hepatocellular carcinoma have not yet been elucidated.

Methods: We conducted a hospital-based case–control study, including 1,706 hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 2,270 controls without any liver diseases or tumors, to assess the association between 74 polymorphisms in ADAMTS5 and AFB1-related hepatocellular carcinoma risk and prognosis. Genotype, mRNA levels, and TP53 gene mutation (TP53M) related to AFB1 exposure were tested using TaqMan-PCR or sequencing technique. ADAMTS5 protein level and microvessel density were analyzed by IHC.

Results: Among these 74 polymorphisms, only rs2830581 affected hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Compared with the homozygote of rs2830581 G alleles (rs2830581-GG), the genotypes of rs2830581 A alleles (rs2830581-GA or -AA) increased hepatocellular carcinoma risk (OR: 1.85 and 4.40; 95% CI: 1.57–2.19 and 3.43–5.64, respectively). Significant interactive effects between risk genotypes and AFB1 exposure status were also observed in the joint effects analysis. Furthermore, the rs2830581 polymorphism modified the tumor recurrence-free survival and overall survival of patients. This polymorphism not only affected pathologic features of hepatocellular carcinoma such as tumor dedifferentiation and microvessel density, but also modified ADAMTS5 expression and the effects of transarterial chemoembolization treatment on hepatocellular carcinoma.

Conclusions: These results suggest ADAMTS5 polymorphisms may be risk and prognostic biomarkers of AFB1-related hepatocellular carcinoma, and rs2830581 is a potential candidate.

Impact: Our findings support the hypothesis that ADAMTS5 rs2830581 polymorphism modifies AFB1-related hepatocellular carcinoma risk and prognosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(2); 334–43. ©2015 AACR.
Data from Evaluating Genetic Risk for Prostate Cancer among Japanese and Latinos
Authors: Cheng Iona , Chen Gary K. , Nakagawa Hidewaki , He Jing , Wan Peggy , Laurie Cathy C. , Shen Jess , Sheng Xin , Pooler Loreall C. , Crenshaw Andrew T. , Mirel Daniel B. , Takahashi Atsushi , Kubo Michiaki , Nakamura Yusuke , Al Olama Ali Amin , Benlloch Sara , Donovan Jenny L. , Guy Michelle , Hamdy Freddie C. , Kote-Jarai Zsofia , Neal David E. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Monroe Kristine R. , Stram Daniel O. , Muir Kenneth , Eeles Rosalind A. , Easton Douglas F. , Kolonel Laurence N. , Henderson Brian E. , Le Marchand Loïc , Haiman Christopher A.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: There have been few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of prostate cancer among diverse populations. To search for novel prostate cancer risk variants, we conducted GWAS of prostate cancer in Japanese and Latinos. In addition, we tested prostate cancer risk variants and developed genetic risk models of prostate cancer for Japanese and Latinos.

Methods: Our first-stage GWAS of prostate cancer included Japanese (cases/controls = 1,033/1,042) and Latino (cases/controls = 1,043/1,057) from the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC). Significant associations from stage I (P < 1.0 × 10−4) were examined in silico in GWAS of prostate cancer (stage II) in Japanese (cases/controls = 1,583/3,386) and Europeans (cases/controls = 1,854/1,894).

Results: No novel stage I single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) outside of known risk regions reached genome-wide significance. For Japanese, in stage I, the most notable putative novel association was seen with 10 SNPs (P ≤ 8.0 × 10−6) at chromosome 2q33; however, this was not replicated in stage II. For Latinos, the most significant association was observed with rs17023900 at the known 3p12 risk locus (stage I: OR = 1.45; P = 7.01 × 10−5 and stage II: OR = 1.58; P = 3.05 × 10−7). The majority of the established risk variants for prostate cancer, 79% and 88%, were positively associated with prostate cancer in Japanese and Latinos (stage I), respectively. The cumulative effects of these variants significantly influence prostate cancer risk (OR per allele = 1.10; P = 2.71 × 10−25 and OR = 1.07; P = 1.02 × 10−16 for Japanese and Latinos, respectively).

Conclusion and Impact: Our GWAS of prostate cancer did not identify novel genome-wide significant variants. However, our findings show that established risk variants for prostate cancer significantly contribute to risk among Japanese and Latinos. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(11); 2048–58. ©2012 AACR.
Data from Multiple Genetic Variants in Telomere Pathway Genes and Breast Cancer Risk
Authors: Shen Jing , Gammon Marilie D. , Wu Hui-Chen , Terry Mary Beth , Wang Qiao , Bradshaw Patrick T. , Teitelbaum Susan L. , Neugut Alfred I. , Santella Regina M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the etiologic role of genetic variants in telomere pathway genes and breast cancer risk.

Methods: A population-based case-control study, the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project, was conducted, and 1,067 cases and 1,110 controls were included in the present study. Fifty-two genetic variants of nine telomere-related genes were genotyped.

Results: Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) showed significant case-control differences at the level of P < 0.05. The top three statistically significant SNPs under a dominant model were TERT-07 (rs2736109), TERT-54 (rs3816659), and POT1-03 (rs33964002). The odds ratios (OR) were 1.56 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.22-1.99] for the TERT-07 G-allele, 1.27 (95% CI, 1.05-1.52) for the TERT-54 T-allele, and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.67-0.95) for the POT1-03 A-allele. TERT-67 (rs2853669) was statistically significant under a recessive model; the OR of the CC genotype was 0.69 (95% CI, 0.69-0.93) compared with the T-allele. However, none of the SNPs retained significance after Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing at the level of P < 0.001 (0.05/52) except for TERT-07. When restricted to Caucasians (94% of the study subjects), a stronger association for the TERT-07 G-allele was observed with an OR of 1.60 (95% CI, 1.24-2.05; P = 0.0002). No effect modifications were found for variant alleles and menopausal status, telomere length, cigarette smoking, body mass index status, and family history of breast cancer risk.

Conclusions: Four SNPs in the TERT and POT1 genes were significantly related with overall breast cancer risk. This initial analysis provides valuable clues for further exploration of the biological role of telomere pathway genes in breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(1); 219–28
Data from Enterolignan-Producing Phenotypes Are Associated with Increased Gut Microbial Diversity and Altered Composition in Premenopausal Women in the United States
Authors: Hullar Meredith A.J. , Lancaster Samuel M. , Li Fei , Tseng Elizabeth , Beer Karlyn , Atkinson Charlotte , Wähälä Kristiina , Copeland Wade K. , Randolph Timothy W. , Newton Katherine M. , Lampe Johanna W.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Lignans in plant foods are metabolized by gut bacteria to the enterolignans, enterodiol (END) and enterolactone (ENL). Enterolignans have biologic activities important to the prevention of cancer and chronic diseases. We examined the composition of the gut microbial community (GMC) as a contributor to human enterolignan exposure.

Methods: We evaluated the association between the GMC in stool, urinary enterolignan excretion, and diet from a 3-day food record in 115 premenopausal (ages 40–45 years) women in the United States. Urinary enterolignans were measured using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. The GMC was evaluated using 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Sequences were aligned in SILVA (www.arb-silva.de). Operational taxonomic units were identified at 97% sequence similarity. Taxonomic classification was performed and alpha and beta diversity in relationship to ENL production were assessed. Multivariate analysis and regression were used to model the association between enterolignan excretion and the GMC. Bacteria associated with ENL production were identified using univariate analysis and ridge regression.

Results: After adjusting for dietary fiber intake and adiposity, we found a significant positive association between ENL excretion and either the GMC (P = 0.0007), or the diversity of the GMC (P = 0.01). The GMC associated with high ENL production was distinct (UNIFRAC, P < 0.003, MRPP) and enriched in Moryella spp., Acetanaerobacterium spp., Fastidiosipila spp., and Streptobacillus spp.

Conclusion: Diversity and composition of the GMC are associated with increased human exposure to enterolignans.

Impact: Differences in gut microbial diversity and composition explain variation in gut metabolic processes that affect environmental exposures and influence human health. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(3); 546–54. ©2014 AACR.
Data from A Pooled Analysis of Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: Timing of Exposure and Interactions with Environmental Factors
Authors: Gong Jian , Hutter Carolyn , Baron John A. , Berndt Sonja , Caan Bette , Campbell Peter T. , Casey Graham , Chan Andrew T. , Cotterchio Michelle , Fuchs Charles S. , Gallinger Steven , Giovannucci Edward , Harrison Tabitha , Hayes Richard , Hsu Li , Jiao Shuo , Lin Yi , Lindor Noralane M. , Newcomb Polly , Pflugeisen Bethann , Phipps Amanda I. , Rohan Thomas , Schoen Robert , Seminara Daniela , Slattery Martha L. , Stelling Deanna , Thomas Fridtjof , Warnick Greg , White Emily , Potter John , Peters Ulrike
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Considerable evidence suggests that cigarette smoking is associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). What is unclear, however, is the impact of quitting smoking on risk attenuation and whether other risk factors for CRC modify this association.

Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of eight studies, including 6,796 CRC cases and 7,770 controls, to evaluate the association between cigarette smoking history and CRC risk and to investigate potential effect modification by other risk factors.

Results: Current smokers [OR, 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11–1.43] and former smokers (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.09–1.27), relative to never smokers, showed higher risks of CRC. Former smokers remained at higher CRC risk, relative to never smokers, for up to about 25 years after quitting. The impact of time since quitting varied by cancer subsite: The excess risk due to smoking decreased immediately after quitting for proximal colon and rectal cancer but not until about 20 years post-quitting for distal colon cancer. Furthermore, we observed borderline statistically significant additive interactions between smoking status and body mass index [BMI; relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI]), 0.15; 95% CI, −0.01 to 0.31; P = 0.06] and significant additive interaction between smoking status and fruit consumption (RERI, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.01–0.30; P = 0.04).

Conclusion: CRC risk remained increased for about 25 years after quitting smoking, and the pattern of decline in risk varied by cancer subsite. BMI and fruit intake modified the risk associated with smoking.

Impact: These results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms through which smoking impacts CRC etiology. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(11); 1974–85. ©2012 AACR.
Data from Germline Variants in DNA Repair Genes, Diagnostic Radiation, and Risk of Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Sandler Jason E. , Huang Huang , Zhao Nan , Wu Weiwei , Liu Fangfang , Ma Shuangge , Udelsman Robert , Zhang Yawei
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Radiation exposure is a well-documented risk factor for thyroid cancer; diagnostic imaging represents an increasing source of exposure. Germline variations in DNA repair genes could increase risk of developing thyroid cancer following diagnostic radiation exposure. No studies have directly tested for interaction between germline mutations and radiation exposure.

Methods: Using data and DNA samples from a Connecticut population–based case–control study performed in 2010 to 2011, we genotyped 440 cases of incident thyroid cancer and 465 population-based controls for 296 SNPs in 52 DNA repair genes. We used multivariate unconditional logistic regression models to estimate associations between each SNP and thyroid cancer risk, as well as to directly estimate the genotype–environment interaction between each SNP and ionizing radiation.

Results: Three SNPs were associated with increased risk of thyroid cancer and with thyroid microcarcinoma: HUS rs2708896, HUS rs10951937, and MGMT rs12769288. No SNPs were associated with increased risk of larger tumor (>10 mm) in the additive model. The gene–environment interaction analysis yielded 24 SNPs with Pinteraction < 0.05 for all thyroid cancer, 12 SNPs with Pinteraction < 0.05 for thyroid microcarcinoma, and 5 SNPs with Pinteraction < 0.05 for larger tumors.

Conclusions: Germline variants in DNA repair genes are associated with thyroid cancer risk and are differentially associated with thyroid microcarcinoma and large tumor size. Our study provides the first evidence that germline genetic variations modify the association between diagnostic radiation and thyroid cancer risk.

Impact: Thyroid microcarcinoma may represent a distinct subset of thyroid cancer. The effect of diagnostic radiation on thyroid cancer risk varies by germline polymorphism. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(3); 285–94. ©2017 AACR.
Data from Fine-Mapping CASP8 Risk Variants in Breast Cancer
Authors: Camp Nicola J. , Parry Marina , Knight Stacey , Abo Ryan , Elliott Graeme , Rigas Sushilaben H. , Balasubramanian Sabapathy P. , Reed Malcolm W. R. , McBurney Helen , Latif Ayse , Newman William G. , Cannon-Albright Lisa A. , Evans D. Gareth , Cox Angela
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Multiple genome-wide and candidate gene association studies have been conducted in search of common risk variants for breast cancer. Recent large meta analyses, consolidating evidence from these studies, have been consistent in highlighting the caspase-8 (CASP8) gene as important in this regard. To define a risk haplotype and map the CASP8 gene region with respect to underlying susceptibility variant/s, we screened four genes in the CASP8 region on 2q33-q34 for breast cancer risk.

Methods: Two independent data sets from the United Kingdom and the United States, including 3,888 breast cancer cases and controls, were genotyped for 45 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNP) in the expanded CASP8 region. SNP and haplotype association tests were carried out using Monte Carlo-based methods.

Results: We identified a three-SNP haplotype across rs3834129, rs6723097, and rs3817578 that was significantly associated with breast cancer (P < 5 × 10−6), with a dominant risk ratio and 95% CI of 1.28 (1.21–1.35) and frequency of 0.29 in controls. Evidence for this risk haplotype was extremely consistent across the two study sites and also consistent with previous data.

Conclusion: This three-SNP risk haplotype represents the best characterization so far of the chromosome upon which the susceptibility variant resides.

Impact: Characterization of the risk haplotype provides a strong foundation for resequencing efforts to identify the underlying risk variant, which may prove useful for individual-level risk prediction, and provide novel insights into breast carcinogenesis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(1); 176–81. ©2011 AACR.
Data from Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of microRNA-21 in Colorectal Cancer: An Original Study and Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Honghe , Li Peiwei , Ju Haixing , Pesta Martin , Kulda Vlastimil , Jin Wenjun , Cai Mao , Liu Changbao , Wu Han , Xu Jinming , Ye Yao , Zhang Guanglin , Xu Enping , Cai Jianting , Lai Maode , Xia Dajing , Yang Jun , Wu Yihua
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: We aimed to systematically summarize the diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating/tissue miR21 in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods: An original study was conducted to explore the potential value of circulating miR21 in colorectal cancer diagnosis and tissue miR21 in colorectal cancer prognosis. PUBMED and EMBASE were searched (to August, 2013) to identify eligible studies. To explore the diagnostic performance of circulating miR21, meta-analysis methods were used to pool sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic OR and to construct a summary ROC curve. For prognostic meta-analysis, study-specific HRs of tissue miR21 for survival were summarized. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were applied to explore heterogeneity.

Results: Finally, 14 studies (including our study) were included in the meta-analyses. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of circulating miR21 were 0.76 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59–0.88], 0.81 (95% CI, 0.76–0.85), and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.78–0.85) in diagnosing colorectal cancer. Patients with higher expression of tissue miR21 had significant inferior overall survival (OS; pooled HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.16–2.11) and disease-free survival (DFS; pooled HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.08–1.69). The individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis demonstrated that tissue miR21 level was independently associated with worse colorectal cancer OS (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.07–2.67; P = 0.023), whereas this association seems to be confined to males (P = 0.007) but not for females (P = 0.845).

Conclusions: Circulating miR21 level has potential value for colorectal cancer early detection, whereas high tissue miR21 level is associated with adverse colorectal cancer prognosis.

Impact: miR21 is a promising biomarker for early detection and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(12); 2783–92. ©2014 AACR.
Data from Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Risk of Breast Cancer in Two Prospective Studies and a Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jun , Lee I-Min , Tworoger Shelley S. , Buring Julie E. , Ridker Paul M. , Rosner Bernard , Hankinson Susan E.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) has been evaluated as a risk factor for breast cancer in epidemiologic studies. However, results from prospective studies are inconsistent.

Methods: We evaluated the association using prediagnostic blood samples in a case–control study nested within the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the full cohort of the Women's Health Study (WHS). A total of 943 cases in the NHS and 1,919 cases in the WHS contributed to the analysis. Conditional logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards model were used in the NHS and WHS, respectively. We pooled our results with prior prospective studies using random effect meta-analysis.

Results: In the NHS, higher CRP levels were associated with a suggestively increased risk of breast cancer [quintile 5 vs. 1: relative risk (RR), 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.93–1.73; Ptrend = 0.02]; results did not vary significantly by tumor invasiveness or hormone receptor status. However, no association was observed in the WHS for overall risk (quintile 5 vs. 1: RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76–1.06; Ptrend = 0.38) or by tumor invasiveness or hormone receptor status. The meta-analysis (including 5,371 cases from 11 studies) showed a modestly increased risk among women in the highest versus lowest categories of CRP (RR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.07–1.49).

Conclusions: Existing data from prospective studies suggest that CRP, a nonspecific marker of inflammation, is modestly positively associated with breast cancer risk.

Impact: Our findings provide support to the concept that inflammation can influence breast cancer development. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(8); 1199–206. ©2015 AACR.
Data from Contribution of the Neighborhood Environment and Obesity to Breast Cancer Survival: The California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium
Authors: Cheng Iona , Shariff-Marco Salma , Koo Jocelyn , Monroe Kristine R. , Yang Juan , John Esther M. , Kurian Allison W. , Kwan Marilyn L. , Henderson Brian E. , Bernstein Leslie , Lu Yani , Sposto Richard , Vigen Cheryl , Wu Anna H. , Gomez Scarlett Lin , Keegan Theresa H.M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Little is known about neighborhood attributes that may influence opportunities for healthy eating and physical activity in relation to breast cancer mortality. We used data from the California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium and the California Neighborhoods Data System (CNDS) to examine the neighborhood environment, body mass index, and mortality after breast cancer. We studied 8,995 African American, Asian American, Latina, and non-Latina white women with breast cancer. Residential addresses were linked to the CNDS to characterize neighborhoods. We used multinomial logistic regression to evaluate the associations between neighborhood factors and obesity and Cox proportional hazards regression to examine associations between neighborhood factors and mortality. For Latinas, obesity was associated with more neighborhood crowding [quartile 4 (Q4) vs. Q1: OR, 3.24; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.50–7.00]; breast cancer–specific mortality was inversely associated with neighborhood businesses (Q4 vs. Q1: HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.25–0.85) and positively associated with multifamily housing (Q3 vs. Q1: HR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.20–3.26). For non-Latina whites, lower neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with obesity [quintile 1 (Q1) vs. Q5: OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.31–4.84], breast cancer–specific (Q1 vs. Q5: HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.47–5.12), and all-cause (Q1 vs. Q5: HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.17–2.62) mortality. For Asian Americans, no associations were seen. For African Americans, lower neighborhood SES was associated with lower mortality in a nonlinear fashion. Attributes of the neighborhood environment were associated with obesity and mortality following breast cancer diagnosis, but these associations differed across racial/ethnic groups. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(8); 1282–90. ©2015 AACR.
Data from Plasma Autoantibodies Associated with Basal-like Breast Cancers
Authors: Wang Jie , Figueroa Jonine D. , Wallstrom Garrick , Barker Kristi , Park Jin G. , Demirkan Gokhan , Lissowska Jolanta , Anderson Karen S. , Qiu Ji , LaBaer Joshua
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a rare aggressive subtype that is less likely to be detected through mammographic screening. Identification of circulating markers associated with BLBC could have promise in detecting and managing this deadly disease.

Methods: Using samples from the Polish Breast Cancer study, a high-quality population-based case–control study of breast cancer, we screened 10,000 antigens on protein arrays using 45 BLBC patients and 45 controls, and identified 748 promising plasma autoantibodies (AAbs) associated with BLBC. ELISA assays of promising markers were performed on a total of 145 BLBC cases and 145 age-matched controls. Sensitivities at 98% specificity were calculated and a BLBC classifier was constructed.

Results: We identified 13 AAbs (CTAG1B, CTAG2, TP53, RNF216, PPHLN1, PIP4K2C, ZBTB16, TAS2R8, WBP2NL, DOK2, PSRC1, MN1, TRIM21) that distinguished BLBC from controls with 33% sensitivity and 98% specificity. We also discovered a strong association of TP53 AAb with its protein expression (P = 0.009) in BLBC patients. In addition, MN1 and TP53 AAbs were associated with worse survival [MN1 AAb marker HR = 2.25, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–4.91; P = 0.04; TP53, HR = 2.02, 95% CI, 1.06–3.85; P = 0.03]. We found limited evidence that AAb levels differed by demographic characteristics.

Conclusions: These AAbs warrant further investigation in clinical studies to determine their value for further understanding the biology of BLBC and possible detection.

Impact: Our study identifies 13 AAb markers associated specifically with BLBC and may improve detection or management of this deadly disease. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(9); 1332–40. ©2015 AACR.
Data from Effects of Preanalytic Variables on Circulating MicroRNAs in Whole Blood
Authors: Zhao Hua , Shen Jie , Hu Qiang , Davis Warren , Medico Leonardo , Wang Dan , Yan Li , Guo Yuqing , Liu Biao , Qin Maochun , Nesline Mary , Zhu Qianqian , Yao Song , Ambrosone Christine B. , Liu Song
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Research in the last decade suggests the clinical potential of circulating microRNAs in whole blood as biomarkers for cancer detection. However, before applying the identified circulating microRNAs clinically, biospecimen-focused research has to be performed to identify possible preanalytic variables that may significantly affect the levels of circulating microRNAs. In this study, using a unique resource of the Data Bank and BioRepository (DBBR) at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, we conducted a two-step analysis to identify internal control circulating microRNAs in whole blood and then to study how selected major preanalytic variables (namely, processing delay, storage condition, storage time, and freeze/thaw cycles) might affect the detection of circulating microRNAs. In the discovery phase of the first step, we identified three microRNAs, including miR346, miR134, and miR934, whose levels exhibited the smallest variation between the case–control groups, as well as within each group interindividually. In the further validation analysis, the consistency was validated for miR346 and miR134 but not for miR934. At the second step, using miR346 and miR134 as internal controls, we observed that as the numbers of freeze/thaw cycles increased, levels of both miR346 and miR134 were significantly decreased (Ptrend < 0.0001); varying other processing and storage conditions did not affect miRNA levels. In the paralleled analysis in plasma samples, levels of miR16 were significantly decreased by increasing processing delay and increasing numbers of freeze/thaw cycles but not affected by storage condition and duration. The results from this study highlight the necessity of biospecimen-focused research on circulating microRNAs before clinical utilization.

See all the articles in this CEBP Focus section, “Biomarkers, Biospecimens, and New Technologies in Molecular Epidemiology.”

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(12); 2643–8. ©2014 AACR.
Data from The Impact of Preexisting Mental Health Disorders on the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Survival among Lung Cancer Patients in the U.S. Military Health System
Authors: Lin Jie , McGlynn Katherine A. , Carter Corey A. , Nations Joel A. , Anderson William F. , Shriver Craig D. , Zhu Kangmin
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Higher cancer-related mortality has been observed among people with mental health disorders than in the general population. Both delay in diagnosis and inadequate treatment due to health care access have been found to explain the higher mortality. The U.S. Military Health System (MHS), in which all beneficiaries have equal access to health care, provides an ideal system to study this disparity where there are no or minimal barriers to health care access. This study assessed preexisting mental health disorders and stage at diagnosis, receipt of cancer treatment, and overall survival among patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the U.S. MHS.

Methods: The study used data from the linked database from the Department of Defense's Central Cancer Registry and the MHS Data Repository (MDR). The study subjects included 5,054 patients with histologically confirmed primary NSCLC diagnosed between 1998 and 2007.

Results: Patients with a preexisting mental disorder did not present with more advanced disease at diagnosis than those without. There were no significant differences in receiving cancer treatments between the two groups. However, patients with a mental health disorder had a higher mortality than those without [adjusted HR, 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–1.20].

Conclusions: Poor survival in NSCLC in patients with a preexisting mental health disorder is not necessarily associated with delay in diagnosis and/or inadequate cancer treatment.

Impact: This study contributes to the current understanding that health care access may not be sufficient to explain the poor survival among patients with NSCLC with preexisting mental health disorders. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(12); 1564–71. ©2016 AACR.
Data from Incidence Trends of Lung Cancer by Immigration Status among Chinese Americans
Authors: Gomez Scarlett Lin , Yang Juan , Lin Shih-Wen , McCusker Margaret , Sandler Alan , Cheng Iona , Wakelee Heather A. , Patel Manali , Clarke Christina A.
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among Chinese Americans. A detailed examination of incidence trends by immigration status and histology may inform the etiology of lung cancer in this growing population.

Methods: California Cancer Registry data were enhanced with data on patient nativity. Lung cancer incidence rates for Chinese males and females were computed for the years 1990–2010, and rates by immigration status and histology were computed for 1990–2004. Trends were assessed with annual percentage change (APC) statistics (two-sided P values) based on linear regression.

Results: A total of 8,167 lung cancers were diagnosed among California Chinese from 1990 to 2010. Overall incidence increased nonstatistically among U.S.-born males (APC, 2.1; 95% CI, −4.9 to 9.7), but decreased significantly among foreign-born (APC, −1.7; 95% CI, −2.9 to −0.6). Statistically significant decreasing trends were observed for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), specifically the squamous cell and large cell carcinoma subtypes among foreign-born males. Among females, incidence decreased nonsignificantly among U.S.-born (APC, −2.8; 95% CI, −9.1 to 4.0) but was stable among foreign-born (APC, −0.4; 95% CI, −1.7 to 1.0). A statistically significant decreasing trend was observed for squamous cell among foreign-born females.

Conclusions: These data provide critical evidence base to inform screening, research, and public health priorities in this growing population.

Impact: Given the low smoking prevalence among Chinese Americans, especially females, and few known lung cancer risk factors in U.S. never-smoker populations, additional research of etiologic genetic or biologic factors may elucidate knowledge regarding lung cancer diagnosed in never smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(8); 1157–64. ©2015 AACR.
Data from Stomach Cancer Disparity among Korean Americans by Tumor Characteristics: Comparison with Non-Hispanic Whites, Japanese Americans, South Koreans, and Japanese
Authors: Lee Eunjung , Liu Lihua , Zhang Juanjuan , Stern Mariana C. , Barzi Afsaneh , Hwang Amie , Kim Andre E. , Hamilton Ann S. , Wu Anna H. , Deapen Dennis
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Stomach cancer incidence shows substantial racial-ethnic disparity in the United States, with Korean Americans experiencing by far the highest incidence. We examined stomach cancer incidence trends in Korean Americans by tumor subsite, histology, and stage and compared them with incidence rates in racial-ethnic groups with the second highest rate (Japanese Americans) and the lowest rate (non-Hispanic whites; NHWs) as well as populations in South Korea and Japan.

Methods: We calculated age-adjusted incidence rates by racial-ethnic groups, sex, and tumor characteristics, using the 1988–2012 California Cancer Registry data. Data on South Korea and Japan were obtained from the literature and other resources.

Results: Between 1988 and 2012 in California, Korean Americans had about five times greater incidence than NHWs and twice that of Japanese Americans. Tumor characteristics differed by ethnic group and gender. The incidence in Korean Americans has declined during recent years, for both cardia and noncardia sites and for both intestinal- and diffuse-type histology. Although Korean Americans were diagnosed at an earlier stage than other Californians, the proportion with localized disease (43%) was much smaller than in South Korea (57%), where population-based screening is available.

Conclusions: Stomach cancer incidence declined in the highest risk ethnic groups. However, the persistent disparity between Korean Americans and other racial-ethnic groups warrants additional strategies for prevention and earlier diagnosis.

Impact: Analysis of California Cancer Registry data identified a racial-ethnic subgroup with stomach cancer disparity that may benefit from targeted prevention and screening efforts. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(4); 587–96. ©2016 AACR.
Data from Oral Hygiene and Risk of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma—A Population-Based Case–Control Study in China
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Chang Ellen T. , Liu Qing , Cai Yonglin , Zhang Zhe , Chen Guomin , Xie Shang-Hang , Cao Su-Mei , Shao Jian-Yong , Jia Wei-Hua , Zheng Yuming , Liao Jian , Chen Yufeng , Ernberg Ingemar , Vaughan Thomas L. , Adami Hans-Olov , Huang Guangwu , Zeng Yi , Zeng Yi-Xin , Ye Weimin
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: The association between oral health and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is largely unknown. Further understanding could shed light on potential pathogenic mechanisms and preventive measures.

Methods: We conducted a population-based case–control study in southern China between 2010 and 2014. We enrolled 2,528 incident NPC cases, aged 20–74 years, and 2,596 controls, randomly selected from the total population registers, with frequency matching to the 5-year age and sex distribution of the cases by geographic region. We interviewed subjects using a structured questionnaire inquiring about oral health indicators and potential confounding factors. We used unconditional logistic regression to estimate multivariate-adjusted ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: A higher number of filled teeth was associated with an elevated risk of NPC. Individuals with 1 to 3 and more than 3 teeth filled versus none had adjusted ORs of 1.25 (95% CI, 1.06–1.49) and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.13–2.12), respectively (Ptrend = 0.002). Conversely, the adjusted OR for those who brushed teeth twice or more per day versus once or less per day was 0.62 (95% CI, 0.55–0.70). We detected a borderline significant positive association with earlier age at first adult tooth loss.

Conclusion: Our study suggested a positive association between some indicators of poor oral health and risk of NPC. Further studies are needed to confirm whether the findings are causal and, if so, to further explain the underlying mechanisms.

Impact: Improvement of oral hygiene might contribute to reducing NPC risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(8); 1201–7. ©2016 AACR.
Supplementary Tables 1 and 2 and 5 from Novel Clinically Relevant Genes in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Identified by Exome Sequencing
Authors: Schoppmann Sebastian F. , Vinatzer Ursula , Popitsch Niko , Mittlböck Martina , Liebmann-Reindl Sandra , Jomrich Gerd , Streubel Berthold , Birner Peter
Published: April 2023

PDF file, 95K, Supplemental Table 1: Comparision of copy number variation regions of interest by FISH (n=125) and microarray (n=29). Supplemental Table 2: Antibodies used for detection of genes in regions of recurrent losses or gains Supplemental Table 5: Results of rearward stepwise Cox regression of disease free and overall survival.
Supplementary Table S2 from A Dendritic Cell Vaccine Pulsed with Autologous Hypochlorous Acid-Oxidized Ovarian Cancer Lysate Primes Effective Broad Antitumor Immunity: From Bench to Bedside
Authors: Chiang Cheryl Lai-Lai , Kandalaft Lana E. , Tanyi Janos , Hagemann Andrea R. , Motz Gregory T. , Svoronos Nikolaos , Montone Kathleen , Mantia-Smaldone Gina M. , Smith Lori , Nisenbaum Harvey L. , Levine Bruce L. , Kalos Michael , Czerniecki Brian J. , Torigian Drew A. , Powell Daniel J. , Mick Rosemarie , Coukos George
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table S2 - PDF file 98K, Subject DC yield from leukapheresis
Supplementary Figure 1 from Activation of the mTOR Pathway in Primary Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and Lymph Node Metastases
Authors: Tamburrino Anna , Molinolo Alfredo A. , Salerno Paolo , Chernock Rebecca D. , Raffeld Mark , Xi Liqiang , Gutkind J. Silvio , Moley Jeffrey F. , Wells Samuel A. , Santoro Massimo
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 87K, Figure S1: Both MZ-CRC-1 and TT MTC cells were treated with either rapamycin (rap; 50 nM, 24 hr), Rad001 (rad; 50 nM, 24 hr), vandetanib (vand;1,000 nM, 24 hr) or vehicle. Proteins were extracted and pS6 and pAKT phosphorylation measured by immunoblot in compound and mock treated cells. Total AKT and S6 were used for normalization
Supplementary Table 2 from Mutual Regulation between Raf/MEK/ERK Signaling and Y-Box–Binding Protein-1 Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression
Authors: Imada Kenjiro , Shiota Masaki , Kohashi Kenichi , Kuroiwa Kentaro , Song YooHyun , Sugimoto Masaaki , Naito Seiji , Oda Yoshinao
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table 2. Relationship among YB-1, p-YB-1, and ERK2 nuclear expressions - XLSX file 9K, *Statistically significant
Supplementary Figure 4 from Targeted Therapy for BRAFV600E Malignant Astrocytoma
Authors: Nicolaides Theodore P. , Li Huifang , Solomon David A. , Hariono Sujatmi , Hashizume Rintaro , Barkovich Krister , Baker Suzanne J. , Paugh Barbara S. , Jones Chris , Forshew Tim , Hindley Guy F. , Hodgson J. Graeme , Kim Jung-Sik , Rowitch David H. , Weiss William A. , Waldman Todd A. , James C. David
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 48K
Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends from Randomized Phase Ib/II Trial of Rilotumumab or Ganitumab with Panitumumab versus Panitumumab Alone in Patients with Wild-type KRAS Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Van Cutsem Eric , Eng Cathy , Nowara Elzbieta , Świeboda-Sadlej Anna , Tebbutt Niall C. , Mitchell Edith , Davidenko Irina , Stephenson Joe , Elez Elena , Prenen Hans , Deng Hongjie , Tang Rui , McCaffery Ian , Oliner Kelly S. , Chen Lisa , Gansert Jennifer , Loh Elwyn , Smethurst Dominic , Tabernero Josep
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 86K
Supplementary Figure 5 from Randomized Phase Ib/II Trial of Rilotumumab or Ganitumab with Panitumumab versus Panitumumab Alone in Patients with Wild-type KRAS Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Van Cutsem Eric , Eng Cathy , Nowara Elzbieta , Świeboda-Sadlej Anna , Tebbutt Niall C. , Mitchell Edith , Davidenko Irina , Stephenson Joe , Elez Elena , Prenen Hans , Deng Hongjie , Tang Rui , McCaffery Ian , Oliner Kelly S. , Chen Lisa , Gansert Jennifer , Loh Elwyn , Smethurst Dominic , Tabernero Josep
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 38K, Supplemental Fig. S5. The effect of baseline IGF and IGF-related protein expression on objective response rate.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Randomized Phase Ib/II Trial of Rilotumumab or Ganitumab with Panitumumab versus Panitumumab Alone in Patients with Wild-type KRAS Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Van Cutsem Eric , Eng Cathy , Nowara Elzbieta , Świeboda-Sadlej Anna , Tebbutt Niall C. , Mitchell Edith , Davidenko Irina , Stephenson Joe , Elez Elena , Prenen Hans , Deng Hongjie , Tang Rui , McCaffery Ian , Oliner Kelly S. , Chen Lisa , Gansert Jennifer , Loh Elwyn , Smethurst Dominic , Tabernero Josep
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 76K, Supplemental Fig. S1. (A) Randomized phase Ib/II trial of panitumumab plus rilotumumab (AMG 102) or ganitumab (AMG 479). (B) CONSORT diagram for part 2. *Panitumumab 6 mg/kg; rilotumumab 10 mg/kg with dose de-escalation to 5 mg/kg as necessary. �Panitumumab 6 mg/kg; rilotumumab 10 mg/kg; ganitumab 12 mg/kg. �Rilotumumab 10 mg/kg; ganitumab 12 mg/kg.
Supplementary Table 2 from Phase I Study of Vorinostat in Combination with Temozolomide in Patients with High-Grade Gliomas: North American Brain Tumor Consortium Study 04-03
Authors: Lee Eudocia Q. , Puduvalli Vinay K. , Reid Joel M. , Kuhn John G. , Lamborn Kathleen R. , Cloughesy Timothy F. , Chang Susan M. , Drappatz Jan , Yung W. K. Alfred , Gilbert Mark R. , Robins H. Ian , Lieberman Frank S. , Lassman Andrew B. , McGovern Renee M. , Xu Jihong , Desideri Serena , Ye Xiabu , Ames Matthew M. , Espinoza-Delgado Igor , Prados Michael D. , Wen Patrick Y.
Published: April 2023

PDF file, 62K, Supplementary Table 2: Grade 3 or 4 events with relationship unrelated to unlikely to combination therapy (Vorinostat + TMZ).
Supplementary Figure 1 from Multisite Validation Study to Determine Performance Characteristics of a 92-Gene Molecular Cancer Classifier
Authors: Kerr Sarah E. , Schnabel Catherine A. , Sullivan Peggy S. , Zhang Yi , Singh Veena , Carey Brittany , Erlander Mark G. , Highsmith W. Edward , Dry Sarah M. , Brachtel Elena F.
Published: April 2023

PDF file, 83KB, Biopsy sites of validation study cases.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Let-7 Expression Is a Significant Determinant of Response to Chemotherapy through the Regulation of IL-6/STAT3 Pathway in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sugimura Keijiro , Miyata Hiroshi , Tanaka Koji , Hamano Rie , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Kurokawa Yukinori , Yamasaki Makoto , Nakajima Kiyokazu , Takiguchi Shuji , Mori Masaki , Doki Yuichiro
Published: April 2023

PDF file, 2332K, (A) Let-7c expression in different esophageal cell lines. (B) Stable expression of let-7c was confirmed until 72 hr after transfection of pre-let-7c. Data are mean�SD of three experiments.
Related Article from Metformin and Pancreatic Cancer: A Clue Requiring Investigation
Authors: Pollak Michael
Published: April 2023

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Related Article from Might Cigarettes Be a “Smoking Gun” to Reduce Taxane Myelotoxicity?
Authors: Lewis Lionel D. , Ratain Mark J.
Published: April 2023

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Supplementary Methods, Figure Legends, and Table 1 from Radioimmunotherapy of Fibroblast Activation Protein Positive Tumors by Rapidly Internalizing Antibodies
Authors: Fischer Eliane , Chaitanya Krishna , Wüest Thomas , Wadle Andreas , Scott Andrew M. , van den Broek Maries , Schibli Roger , Bauer Stefan , Renner Christoph
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 101K, Methods for phage-display selection, Table S1: Selection strategy
Supplementary Figure 2 from Resistance to TRAIL Is Mediated by DARPP-32 in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Belkhiri Abbes , Zhu Shoumin , Chen Zheng , Soutto Mohammed , El-Rifai Wael
Published: April 2023

PDF file, 1828KB, DARPP-32 blocks TRAIL-induced down-regulation of FLIP(S) expression in MKN-28 cells.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Vandetanib in Children and Adolescents with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B Associated Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Fox Elizabeth , Widemann Brigitte C. , Chuk Meredith K. , Marcus Leigh , Aikin Alberta , Whitcomb Patricia O. , Merino Maria J. , Lodish Maya , Dombi Eva , Steinberg Seth M. , Wells Samuel A. , Balis Frank M.
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 75K, Figure 1: Pharmacokinetics of Vandetanib.
Supplementary Figure 5 from IL-17–Mediated M1/M2 Macrophage Alteration Contributes to Pathogenesis of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws
Authors: Zhang Qunzhou , Atsuta Ikiru , Liu Shiyu , Chen Chider , Shi Shihong , Shi Songtao , Le Anh D.
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 121K, Determination of M1 and M2 macrophages differentiated from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from Zoledronate (Zol)-treated C57BL/6 mice.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Using Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Data in Early Decision Making Regarding Drug Development: A Phase I Clinical Trial Evaluating Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, AEE788
Authors: Baselga José , Mita Alain C. , Schöffski Patrick , Dumez Herlinde , Rojo Frederico , Tabernero Josep , DiLea Clifford , Mietlowski William , Low Christie , Huang Jerry , Dugan Margaret , Parker Kathryn , Walk Eric , van Oosterom Allan , Martinelli Erika , Takimoto Chris H.
Published: April 2023

PDF file - 193K, Pre- and on-therapy immunohistochemistry of paired biomarkers in skin (p-EGFR, p-MAPK, Ki67), vascular (p-MAPK, Ki67), and tumor (p-EGFR, p-MAPK, p-Akt and Ki67) samples in two patients treated at 25 and 550 mg, respectively