bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DENGAN KESEGARAN JASMANI
Authors: Aryanto Sherif Juniar
Published: July 2020

In the process of learning and physical health is more emphasized in the form of physical activity that is planned systematically in order to achieve national education goals. It is intended that if the results of studying physical education and good health it can support another lesson because if students have a good fitness level it will be more enterprising and enthusiastic in following lessons. With good nutritional status will provide energy for the mediocre student in performing movement activities, while with a good level of physical fitness can support students' ability in performing daily activities without experiencing physical fatigue. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between nutritional status of the physical fitness of students in grade 1 at the MIS Unggulan Sabilillah Lamongan. Objectives of this study were students at the MIS Unggulan Sabilillah Lamongan first grade. Lamongan taken as many as 25 students. In this study using this type of correlational research with quantitative approach. The process of data retrieval is done by performing measurements include: age, weight, physical fitness test  include: sit-ups, pull-ups, sprint 60 meters, running distance was 600 meters, and vertical jump. Based on research results: there is a significant correlation between nutritional status of the physical fitness of students in grade 1 Banjarjo Elementary School district. Padangan, with the results of significance test claim rhitung (0,621) > rtabel (0,396). The correlation between nutritional status and physical fitness levels into the category of strong correlation, where the magnitude of the correlation coefficient between the nutritional status of the physical fitness of 38,6%.
ANALISIS KREATIVITAS SISWA KELAS 3 DALAM MENGELOLA SAMPAH PLASTIK PADA PELAJARAN PLH DI SD NEGERI 1 WONOKROMO KECAMATAN GONDANG
Authors: Hadi Dessy Ayu Permata , Syafi’ah Rohmatus
Published: July 2020

The Creativity is very needed to manage plastic waste become something new and can be re-used, because in Wonokromo district at Tulungagung was still many plastics waste that wasted and just fired, finally can be caused air-polution. The purpose of this research to know there is any creativity from students to manage plastic waste to be creative product that have a new value. Creative product that resulted from students at class 3 at SDN 1 Wonokromo valued with three criterias, it is: newness, fission, and detailed. Data collection methods that used is observation, interview, and documentation. The instrument that used is observation with ratting scale in create a data, and also use data of interview and documentation to support a data that a result of researcher. From this analysis data that result show that there is any creativity of students in class 3 at SDN 1 Wonokromo is very good because from fourteen students only one student that have a good criteria. The higher presentation is 94% and the lower is 68%.Keywords: creativity, creative products, plastic waste
El regreso del P. Diego León de Villafañe, último jesuita de la antigua Provincia del Paraguay
Authors: Lovay Silvana M. , Page Carlos A.
Published: July 2020

El P. Diego León de Villafañe tuvo por primer y más completo biógrafo al P. Guillermo Furlong, quien en 1962 publicó su biografía en la tradicional colección Escritores Coloniales Rioplatenses, siguiendo y mejorando una serie de artículos suyos aparecidos en 1936. Como era habitual en sus trabajos, el P. Furlong detalla cada uno de los escritos de los biografiados poniendo énfasis en la transcripción íntegra de uno en particular. Y para el caso del P. Villafañe eligió una carta que describe la batalla de Tucumán del 24 de setiembre de 1812, en el Campo de las Carretas y que acertadamente la consideró como la primera crónica de la misma, cuyo autor además delineó unos versos. Pero no fue el único texto que escribió el P. Villafañe, pues aquí damos a conocer dos obras suyas desconocidas que hallamos en la Biblioteca Nacional Braidense de Milán. Aunque sí fue el único jesuita, de aquellos que habían construido la famosa epopeya del Paraguay, que regresó a su suelo natal.
Cartas del general Francisco Retz a la Provincia del Paraguay
Authors: Page Carlos A.
Published: July 2020

Siguiendo con la publicación de las cartas de los generales González y Tamburini (Page, 2013: 248-320) vamos a continuación a transcribir las 48 que conocemos del P. Francisco Retz que escribe para la Provincia del Paraguay entre 1731 y 1739. Es decir una serie incompleta pues todavía le quedaba una década de mandato.
A Provincia Jesuitica do Paraguai e o estilo jesuítico-guaraní de fazer missão
Authors: Schalenberg Erneldo
Published: July 2020

Na Província Jesuítica do Paraguai se desenvolveu um processo de evangelização e de socialização no Guairá, no Itatim e no Uruguai que definiu um estilo jesuítico-guarani de fazer missão, fundado em relações horizontais e dialógicas, sem renúncia à apologética da salvação, e no princípio da libertação (do estado da natureza, do demônio, dos inimigos escravocratas) enquanto possibilidade de conversão e de constituição de um território de missioneiro. O recuo da fronteira do território missioneiro em construção, consubstanciou uma maior unidade territorial, construída a partir da solidificação da defesa, das relações de poder e da organização interna do complexo missioneiro dos trinta povos da bacia do Prata.
La persistencia de las creencias prehispánicas en las misiones jesuíticas de Sonora: los elementos de diseño en la fachada de la iglesia de Opodepe
Authors: Jackson Robert H.
Published: July 2020

En su estudio titulado La Conquista Espiritual de Mexico, el historiador francés Robert Ricard postulo que la evangelización de las poblaciones indígenas de Mexico era exitosa y rápida. Según Ricard, los misioneros impusieron la nueva religión sin dificultad. Sin embargo, la evidencia de la persistencia de las creencias prehispánicas muestra el contrario. Los indígenas incorporaban la nueva fe en sus propios términos. Hay evidencia de la incorporación de iconografía prehispánica en la iglesia y elementos de diseño cristianos. Este artículo reporta la incorporación de imágenes de Kokopelli, la deidad prehispánica de fertilidad, en la fachada de la iglesia jesuítica de Opodepe en Sonora.
O Tomismo Tridentino como Marca da Ação Evangelizadora Jesuíta na América Portuguesa
Authors: Magalhães Leandro Henrique
Published: July 2020

O não entendimento do outro marcou a ação jesuíta na América Portuguesa. Os inacianos, influenciados pelo ideal de homem referendado pelo Concílio de Trento e marcados pelo tomismo moderno daí decorrente, buscaram, a partir de sua ação evangelizadora, integrar o índio no corpo místico do Império Português, fazendo dele cristão e súdito do rei. Partiu-se da concepção de “Lei Natural da Graça”, princípio contra-reformista de base tomista, que favoreceu o entendimento de que, no caso indígena, a graça estaria encoberta pelos maus costumes e pela língua. Seria necessária uma ação que possibilitasse ao índio despertar para a memória do bem, e assim, identificar em sua prática elementos do mal, arrependendo-se. Dentre as estratégias usadas esteve a educação, cujo elemento norteador fora o Ratio Studiorum, e a manipulação da língua que, ao ser sistematizada e transformada a partir da constituição de uma gramática nos moldes europeus, levaria o índio ao entendimento da palavra de Deus e à conversão. Estas estratégias, foco do presente estudo, levaram ao não entendimento do índio brasileiro pelos jesuítas, que denominaram sua prática como “dificultíssima”, alertaram para a “Inconstância da Alma Selvagem” e entenderam os costumes indígenas como demoníacos, ou marcados pela ausência do bem.
Una biografía inédita del P. Tomás Donbidas, rector de la antigua Universidad jesuítica de la provincia del Paraguay
Authors: Kalinowsky Juan Pedro
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo recuperamos una biografía inédita del P. Tomás Donvidas, escrita por el jesuita sardo Juan José Guillelmo. Rescatamos así, un género literario ampliamente trabajado por los jesuitas que nacía desde las cartas de edificación que se copiaban en las Anuas o desde estas amplias biografías. El objetivo era hacer conocer la vida de los misioneros cuyos trabajos apostólicos fueron ejemplo para todos. El documento, que editamos por primera vez en castellano, se encuentra escrito en latín en el Archivo Romano de la Compañía de Jesús, junto a otras varias biografías, que intentaban construir el menologio del Paraguay.
[Post-print] Reconciliation in human adults: A video-assisted naturalistic observational study of post conflict conciliatory behaviour in interpersonal aggression
Authors: Philpot Richard , Liebst Lasse Suonperä , Lindegaard Marie Rosenkrantz , Verbeek Peter , Levine Mark
Published: July 2020

Reconciliation is an aspect of conflict resolution, with similar behavioural patterns documented in non-human primates, human children, and human adults of non-Western, non-industrialized cultures. Reconciliation amongst adults of industrialized societies has rarely been studied. We observed naturally occurring conflicts between adults, captured by public security cameras in England. Reconciliation was found in one-quarter of all conflicts and was more prevalent in milder conflicts. Reconciliation typically occurred spontaneously between opponents – and was found within friendship groups and across stranger groups. Reconciliation between opponents also appeared to be stimulated by peers, law enforcement, or shared objects. In some instances, reconciliation extended beyond the initial conflict dyad toward victimized third-party peacemakers. These findings add to growing cross-cultural and cross-species evidence demonstrating the presence and function of post-conflict reconciliation. We extend the repertoire of reconciliatory behaviour and introduce five common features of reconciliation that are central to the study of adult peacemaking.
An observation when t=1
Authors: Gomez Pablo
Published: July 2020

If all observations in a vector $x$ are equal to mu except for one (the oddball), the one sample $t$ score will be |1|. If the oddball is mu, t = -1 and if the oddball is mu. t = 1, irrespective of the value of the oddball d, and irrespective of the number of observations.
Somebody’s Watching Me: Smartphone Use Tracking and Reactivity
Authors: Toth Roland , Trifonova Tatiana
Published: July 2020

Like all media use, smartphone use is mostly being measured retrospectively with self-reports. This leads to misjudgments due to subjective aggregations and interpretations that are necessary for providing answers. Tracking is regarded as the most advanced, unbiased, and precise method for observing smartphone use and therefore employed as an alternative. However, it remains unclear whether people possibly alter their behavior because they know that they are being observed. This is called reactivity. In this study, we investigate first, whether smartphone and app use duration and frequency are affected by tracking; second, whether effects vary between app types; and third, how long effects persist.We developed an Android tracking app and conducted an anonymous quasi-experiment with smartphone use data from 25 people over a time span of two weeks. The app gathered not only data that were produced after, but also prior to its installation by accessing an internal log file on the device.The results show that there is a decline in the average duration of app use sessions within the first seven days of tracking. Instant messaging and social media app use duration show similar patterns. We found no changes in the average frequency of smartphone and app use sessions per day. Overall, reactivity effects due to smartphone use tracking are rather weak, which speaks for the method's validity. We advise future researchers to employ a larger sample and control for external influencing factors so reactivity effects can be better interpreted.
Apolitical Values & Compliance with Government-Recommended Prosocial Health Behavior
Authors: Motta Matt , Goren Paul
Published: July 2020

** Forthcoming at JEPOP** At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, federal government and local governments across the U.S. recommended that individuals engage in social distancing and other prosocial health behaviors (e.g., wear a mask when out in public). While social scientists know a fair amount about the extent to which people complied with these recommendations, far less is known about why some people may have been more likely to do so. Building on insights from Human Values Theory, we argue that people who are more self-transcendent (i.e., more likely to put others’ needs before their own) should be more likely to engage in a variety of prosocial health behaviors (PSHB); including social distancing. In a nationally representative survey (N = 1,015) conducted at the start of the coronavirus outbreak, we find that people who are highly self-transcendent were significantly more likely to engage in PSHB. Recognizing the limitations of self-reported data, we validate these findings by merging both international and inter-state phone-tracking data into state and country opinion surveys. We find that, on average, people in both countries and states that place a higher emphasis on self-transcendence values were more likely to engage in social distancing at the start of the pandemic.
Inference and Influence of Large-Scale Social Networks Using Snapshot Population Behaviour without Network Data
Authors: Godoy-Lorite Antonia , Jones Nick S.
Published: July 2020

Population behaviours, such as voting and vaccination, depend on social networks. Social networks can differ depending on behaviour type and are typically hidden. However, we do often have large-scale behavioural data, albeit only snapshots taken at one timepoint. We present a method that jointly infers large-scale network structure and a networked model of human behaviour using only snapshot population behavioural data. This exploits the simplicity of a few-parameter, geometric socio-demographic network model and a spin-based model of behaviour. We illustrate, for the EU Referendum and two London Mayoral elections, how the model offers both prediction and the interpretation of our homophilic inclinations. Beyond offering the extraction of behaviour-specific network-structure from large-scale behavioural datasets, our approach yields a crude calculus linking inequalities and social preferences to behavioural outcomes. We give examples of potential network-sensitive policies: how changes to income inequality, a social temperature and homophilic preferences might have reduced polarisation in a recent election.
Intensification Mechanisms Driving Dietary Change among the Great Plains Big Game Hunters of North America
Authors: Otarola-Castillo Erik , Torquato Meissa G , Hill Matthew E
Published: July 2020

Boresup's Theory of subsistence intensification is that as human populations grow, they give up "efficient" food-producing behaviors to increase the total food yield over a given unit of time or space. Anthropologists have vigorously debated this concept during the latter part of the twentieth century. They have proposed that dietary specialization and dietary diversification are two mechanisms responsible for subsistence intensification trends over time. On the North American Great Plains, archaeologists attribute the observed record of human dietary variation of at least 13,000 years, partially to the effects of human agency, temporal and regional variability in environmental conditions, and human and prey population dynamics. Despite this variation, an apparent big-game hunting specialization persisted in this region alongside more diversified strategies, until much later than in adjacent areas. This interpretation of specialized bison hunting proposed by early archaeologists likely fueled two widespread hypotheses: A) that prehistoric Great Plains indigenous people's lives were highly contingent on the vast herds of bison that roamed the region, and B) that through time, a simplified progression of subsistence intensification took place. This progression begins with highly specialized big-game hunters during the Paleoindian period (13,500–9,000 BP) and culminates with a much more diversified economy during the Late Prehistoric period (1000–300 BP) that included foraged and domesticated resources. However, these inferences remain unevaluated across the Great Plains' vast geographic range and its complete cultural chronology. To assess them, we employ a large dataset of dietary remains and investigate the broad patterns of dietary specialization and diversification used by Great Plains indigenous people over the past 13,500 years. Our analyses led to a twofold conclusion: 1) we find that even though prehistoric indigenous people of the Great Plains maintained a way of life associated with bison over time, bison was not the dominant hunted species in their diet; and 2) the hunting strategies and dietary variation that we observed on the Great Plains, through time, does not support a model of progressive resource intensification from hunting and gathering to farming. Instead, the data support a model of constant diversification of hunting strategies from the Paleoindian through the Late Prehistoric periods. In this model, hunters on the Plains (and elsewhere) maintained a consistently high resource diversity. We propose that this highly flexible and diversified portfolio of dietary strategies enabled the Great Plains people to successfully adapt their approaches to procuring food across different habitats and periods.
Determinants of Distress Risk of Nepali Commercial Banks
Authors: Shahu Dil Krishna
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to examine the banks’ specific factors affecting distress risk. Using modified Altnan Z score as measure of distress risk, the study employed secondary data of 18 banks listed in Nepal Stock Exchange Limited for the study period from 2008 to 2014. The results show that the liquidity, profitability and size have the significant positive effect on z score indicating lower distress risk of firms. These results support the too big to fail doctrine and provides justification to increment of capital to 8 Arba by Nepal Rastra Bank. The study provides insight into the regulatory body and concerned authority of banks. Managers should make effort in maintaining the liquidity position of the bank and make effective strategy to earn higher profitability to avoid from being financially distressed.
Teacher Identity in Higher Education: A Phenomenological Inquiry
Authors: Phyak Prem , Baral Raj Kumar
Published: July 2020

Teacher identity remains as a major issue of research in the field of teachers’ professional development. Understanding the construction of teacher identity is important to fully understand how teachers negotiate their selves with broader institutional power relations and to discuss how teachers invest their agency in building their professional identity. This phenomenological study analyzes the experiencesof six university lecturers with a focus on teacher identity construction in relation to broader institutional culture. This show study shows that university lecturers, who are at the bottom of professional hierarchy, do not receive much institutional support nor are they mentored by their seniors. More strikingly, the study reveals academic identity of the university lecturers are not recognized due to growing culture of partisan politics. This culture has also created sense of fear and unfriendly collegial relations.
Parental Awareness About School Backpack, Weight Carried by Their Children and related Musculoskeletal Problems
Authors: Dhakal Chalise Gita , Sherpa Samjhana , Bharati Mamata , KC Ambu
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Backpacks are a convenient means to carry essential educational materials for school children. Backpack design, carrying technique and its load is related to several health consequences i.e., altered gait, bad posture and musculoskeletal pain. Parental awareness and their supervision can help their children to carry appropriate school backpack with rationale weight. Therefore, this study aims to assess parental awareness about school backpacks; identify backpack weight carried by their children and identify children’s musculoskeletal complaints with their parents.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The study consisted of purposively selected 94 parents whose children were studying in grade VI to VIII at local school. Face to face interview of around 30 minutes duration was taken by using semi structured interview schedule. Backpack weight was identified by weighing children with and without bag in their school and subtracted to identify the actual backpack weight. Data was analysed by using SPSS version 20 and described by using descriptive statistics.

Results: In this study, more than 90% parents were aware of the recommended weight of school backpack i.e., <15% of body weight. About 96% parents answered that backpack should be light; similar percentage told that it should have well-padded shoulder straps and 87% answered that it should be appropriate to child’s age and weight. Around 70% to 90% parents were aware of appropriate handling of school backpacks. While identifying parental awareness about musculoskeletal effects of backpacks, they told as shoulder pain (79%), fatigue (76%) and neck pain (56%). In this study, 72% children were carrying backpacks greater than the recommended weights. Their parents told that children often had complaints of shoulder pain (78%) and neck pain (69%)

Conclusions: Most parents were aware of the standards and handling of school backpack but in reality, more than two third of their children were carrying heavy school backpacks.
Gram Positive Bacteria causing Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and their Resistance Patterns in Kathmandu University Hospital
Authors: Sherchan Jatan Bahadur , Humagain S
Published: July 2020

Respiratory tract infection due to Gram positive bacteria is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study of one year duration was carried out to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Gram-positive bacteria from patients with lower respiratory tract infection visiting Kathmandu University Hospital. A total of 1,556 respiratory samples including sputum and endotracheal aspirates were processed following standard guidelines. Antibiotic resistance pattern was determined following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Gram positive bacteria from total sample were 6.6%. Out of them 86.4% were Streptococcus pneumoniae and 13.6% were Staphylococcus aureus. Majority of S. pneumoniae, 53.9% were resistant to azithromycin, followed by cotrimoxazole 40.4%, ciprofloxacin 13.5% and Ceftriaxone 1.1% but all isolates were sensitive to penicillin. A total of 92.9% S. aureus were methicillin and Ciprofloxacin resistant, 64.3% were resistant to cotrimoxazole and 28.6% resistant to amikacin but all strains were sensitive to linezolid. Majority of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus were detected among patients of age more than 60 years. A total of 77.8% patients had lower respiratory tract infection with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Majority of diabetic patients had multidrug resistant organism. 70.69% patients of age above 60 had multidrug resistant isolates. Multidrug-resistant Gram positive bacteria were observed in respiratory samples. For effective management of lower respiratory tract infections detailed microbiological diagnosis and susceptibility testing is required.
Cervical Cancer Screening with Pap Smear in Rural Population in Health Camp
Authors: Shrestha Astha , KC S
Published: July 2020

Adverse effects (AE) like vasovagal reactions (presyncope and syncope) have negative impact on old as well as new blood donors. Various methods have been suggested to prevent or attenuate AE in blood donors. This study assessed the effectiveness of prehydration with different fluids or applied muscle tension (AMT) during blood donation in preventing or attenuating AE. Consenting and eligible voluntary blood donors (n=448) were randomly allocated to Control (n=115), prehydration with 500 mL plain water (PW, n=97), prehydration with oral rehydration solution (ORS, n=71), prehydration with 400 mL fruit juice (FJ, n=74), or leg muscle tensing during blood removal (AMT, n=91) groups. Donors’ hemodynamic responses to blood donation were assessed by comparing blood pressures (systolic–SBP and diastolic–DBP) and heart rate (HR) recorded before blood removal to values midway during, and at 0 min, 5 min, 10 min and 15 min after blood removal. Presyncope and syncope were defined by BP and HR changes. Subjective AE were also recorded. Overall, 35 donors (7.8%) suffered AE with highest rates in PW (13.4%) and ORS (11.3%) groups and lowest in Control (3.5%) although group differences were not significant (p>0.05, Chi square). Blood removal was associated with significant falls in SBP and DBP (mean falls by 6.63 and 3.35 mmHg, respectively; p<0.001) but an insignificant rise in HR (mean increase by 0.67 bpm, p>0.05). Hemodynamic responses showed significant differences between groups (p<0.001, repeated measures ANOVA). Therefore, role of the interventions in relation to AE in blood donors could not be established.
Single Setting ERCP and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is a Safe Procedure in Patients with Cholecysto-Choledocholithiasis: A Prospective Study in a Peripheral-Level Hospital
Authors: Pokhrel Nabin , Katwal G
Published: July 2020

The ideal management of cholecysto-choledocholithiasis is an open cholecystectomy (OC) with the common bile duct (CBD) exploration worldwide. The single setting 2-stage approach- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST), and CBD clearance followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) offers an advantage, mainly by reducing the hospital stay, the cost, and the morbidity. The Objective of the study is to compare the ERCP+LC single setting approach with an OC+CBD exploration for the treatment of cholecysto-choledocholithiasis. This is an interim analysis of 160 patients with 83 (51.9%) patients in ERCP+LC and 77 (48.1%) in an open procedure (OC+CBD exploration) group respectively. We did a prospective study in patients admitted for the management of the cholecysto-choledocholithiasis in the Department of Surgery at the Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital from November 2012–October 2015. They underwent 2-stage ERCP+LC in a single setting and we compared them with 2-stage OC+CBD exploration in a single setting approach. The patients with the open procedure were our control group. All the included cases in the study were elective. The procedure was feasible in our hospital. Similarly, the hospital stay was significantly shorter in the ERCP+LC group; 3.92±0.719 days vs 10.30±1.557 days, p <0.05. There was a significant difference in the total morbidity of ERCP+LC group 7 (8.4%) vs 14 (18.2%), p <0.05. Here, wound infection in the ERCP+LC group was 2 (2.4%) vs 4 (5.2%) and there was one case of abdominal collection 1 (1.2%) which was managed symptomatically. The incidence of retained CBD stone in the ERCP+LC was 3 (1.2%) which was managed successfully with ERCP. In all the cases, post- ERCP amylase value was found to be within the normal limit. The result of our study suggests, single setting ERCP+LC at the peripheral-level hospital is feasible in terms of cost, length of hospital stay, morbidity and stone clearance.
Minor Literature in the Case of Brina Svit
Authors: Mlačnik Primož
Published: July 2020

The article draws on the Deleuzoguattarian conceptualisation of minor literature in order to analyse the literature of Brina Svit. The concepts of (de)territorialisation (schizophrenia), minor, and other attributes of minor literature are employed in the comparative analysis of different literary elements of four of Brina Svit’s novels. The article outlines the ‘line of flight’ (defined as deterritorialisation, de-oedipisation, politicalness, and collectiveness) that manifests itself from Svit’s novels written in Slovenian to the novels written in French. The literature of Brina Svit is placed in between minor literature and minority literature.
Tłumaczenia wybranych dzieł literatury angielskiej i rosyjskiej na regionalny język kaszubski dokonywane „z drugiej ręki”
Authors: Makurat-Snuzik Hanna
Published: July 2020

Hewòtny articzel tikô sã dolmaczënków rusczi i anielsczi lëteraturë na kaszëbiznã, wëkònywónëch nié jãzëka òriginału, ale z jistniejącégò ju pòlsczégò przełożënkù. Taczima tłómaczënkama wëkonywónyma „z drëdżi rãczi” są m.jim. fragment pòwiescë Fiodora Dostojewsczégò pt. Przësprawa i ùkôranié, fragment pòwiescë Lwa Tołstoja pt. Zmartwëchwtanié, dolmaczënk pòwiescë Anne of Green Gables aùtorstwa Lucy Maud Montgomery. W pierszim dzélu artikla òbgôdóné òstałë przëmiôrë wskôzëjącé na jidzenié przez kaszëbsczich dolmaczérów za interpretacją zasugerowóną przez aùtorów wczasniészich przełożënków nëch samëch dokazów na pòlsczi jãzëk. W drëdżim dzélu robòtë òbgôdóné są frazeólogiznë i przësłowia, jaczé nie pòkazałë sã w zdrzódłowëch tekstach, ale pòchôdają z jich pòlsczich dolmaczënków i jakno taczé òstałë zaadaptowóné przez kaszëbsczich dolmaczérów.
Przekłady amerykańskie Julii Hartwig. Peryferie i parafernalia
Authors: Rajewska Ewa
Published: July 2020

Autorka opisuje nowy rys, który pojawił się w liryce Julii Hartwig po tym, jak począwszy od lat 70. XX wieku, odbyła kilka dłuższych i krótszych wizyt w Stanach Zjednoczonych, gdzie zaczęła czytać i tłumaczyć poezję amerykańską. W poezji Hartwig pojawiły się nowe, bardziej przyziemne sytuacje liryczne, a sama poezja stała się bardziej nasycona konkretem, choć także voyeurystyczna. W artykule zostają przywołane i zinterpretowane wyimki z Dziennika amerykańskiego oraz Wierszy amerykańskich Hartwig, a także liryk Williama Carlosa Williamsa The Young Housewife w oryginale i przekładach Hartwig, Piotra Sommera i Stanisława Barańczaka.
Early Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Household Finances in Quebec
Authors: Achou Bertrand , Boisclair David , d’Astous Philippe , Fonseca Raquel , Glenzer Franca , Michaud Pierre-Carl
Published: July 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic surged in early March 2020, with unemployment reaching historic levels in April 2020. This study paints an early portrait of the pandemic’s impact on the finances of households in Quebec, one of the hardest-hit provinces in terms of COVID-19 cases as well as unemployment levels. The article also provides an understanding of how government emergency benefit programs may have helped households get by during the early period of the pandemic. Finally, we draw on expectations data collected in a survey of 3,009 respondents living in Quebec to illustrate what households can expect for the rest of 2020.
The office of ownership revisited
Authors: Essert Christopher
Published: July 2020

In this article, I revisit the arguments in, and address some concerns about, an earlier article of mine, ‘The Office of Ownership.’ This article makes two main points. The first is about the ways in which a transfer of property from one person to another affects the obligations of third parties. I continue to defend the earlier article’s claim that, by thinking about the obligations owed to owners of property as being owed to ‘the owner,’ rather than to the particular named person who happens to be the owner, we can maintain both the idea that property rights are in rem and the idea that they partake of private law’s distinctive bilateral normativity. The second is about the extent to which the notion of an office is helpful in thinking about ownership. There is reason to doubt that it is, notably because owners’ powers are typically not bounded in the way that office-holders’ powers seem to be. But I argue that, at least some of the time, particularly in contexts where owners are able to exercise powers that bind their successors in title, such as by creating easements, leases, or running covenants, the powers of ownership do seem bounded by their purpose.
ALTERNATIVE WORLD OF DAY AND NIGHT IN THE CH. PALAHNIUK’S NOVEL “RANT: AN ORAL BIOGRAPHY OF BUSTER CASEY”
Authors: Syomchenko R.A.
Published: July 2020

The article considers the artistic world of American author Ch. Palahniuk’s novel “Rant: an oral biography of Buster Casey”. The differences in the worldview of the Day and Night inhabitants are established. It is determined that the social structure of the artistic world directly correlates with the problems of the real world.
THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF THE MERGER-DISTANCING IN THE MARITAL RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Ilinyh Yu.V.
Published: July 2020

The purpose of scientific analysis of the problem of subjective perception of distance in marital relations is
to expand the understanding of the problem of interdependence in marriage. Creating stable attachment
relationships while maintaining personal autonomy in marital relationships ensures consistency of introjection and
projection mechanisms.
GENERALIZED FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING AND ITS SETTHEORETIC REPRESENTATION
Authors: Burlyaeva E.V. , Kononenko V.V.
Published: July 2020

The mechanism of constructing functional models in the IDEF0 notation is considered. The process of creating a marked graph is described, it includes adding service vertices and arcs by converting the graph from a separate diagram. A generalized functional model of one-stage chemical production has been developed. A settheoretic description of a graph describing a top-level functional model is presented.
A QUANTUM-CHEMICAL DESCRIPTORS OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE CA(I) INHIBITION BY AROMATIC SULFONYL AMIDES
Authors: Krylov E.N. , Virzum L.V. , Kryukova I.D.
Published: July 2020

The quantum parameters of aromatic sulfonylamides are determined to describe their interaction with carbonic anhydrase at the theory level M06/6-311 ++G**(SMD). The molecular electrostatic potential on the nitrogen atom in sulfamides and Hirschfeld charge on this atom have been found to appear to be adequate and determinative descriptors of carbonic anhydrase inhibition.
The endonasal patient reference tracker: a novel solution for accurate noninvasive electromagnetic neuronavigation
Authors: Wurzer Ayguel , Minchev Georgi , Cervera-Martinez Claudia , Micko Alexander , Kronreif Gernot , Wolfsberger Stefan
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

Electromagnetic (EM) navigation provides the advantages of continuous guidance and tip-tracking of instruments. The current solutions for patient reference trackers are suboptimal, as they are either invasively screwed to the bone or less accurate if attached to the skin. The authors present a novel EM reference method with the tracker rigidly but not invasively positioned inside the nasal cavity.

METHODS

The nasal tracker (NT) consists of the EM coil array of the AxiEM tracker plugged into a nasal tamponade, which is then inserted into the inferior nasal meatus. Initially, a proof-of-concept study was performed on two cadaveric skull bases. The stability of the NT was assessed in simulated surgical situations, for example, prone, supine, and lateral patient positioning and skin traction. A deviation ≤ 2 mm was judged sufficiently accurate for clinical trial. Thus, a feasibility study was performed in the clinical setting. Positional changes of the NT and a standard skin-adhesive tracker (ST) relative to a ground-truth reference tracker were recorded throughout routine surgical procedures. The accuracy of the NT and ST was compared at different stages of surgery.

RESULTS

Ex vivo, the NT proved to be highly stable in all simulated surgical situations (median deviation 0.4 mm, range 0.0–2.0 mm). In 13 routine clinical cases, the NT was significantly more stable than the ST (median deviation at procedure end 1.3 mm, range 0.5–3.0 mm vs 4.0 mm, range 1.2–11.2 mm, p = 0.002). The loss of accuracy of the ST was highest during draping and flap fixation.

CONCLUSIONS

Application of the EM endonasal patient tracker was found to be feasible with high procedural stability ex vivo as well as in the clinical setting. This innovation combines the advantages of high precision and noninvasiveness and may, in the future, enhance EM navigation for neurosurgery.
Risk of tumor recurrence in intracranial meningiomas: comparative analyses of the predictive value of the postoperative tumor volume and the Simpson classification
Authors: Spille Dorothee Cäcilia , Hess Katharina , Bormann Eike , Sauerland Cristina , Brokinkel Caroline , Warneke Nils , Mawrin Christian , Paulus Werner , Stummer Walter , Brokinkel Benjamin
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

In meningiomas, the Simpson grading system is applied to estimate the risk of postoperative recurrence, but might suffer from bias and limited overview of the resection cavity. In contrast, the value of the postoperative tumor volume as an objective predictor of recurrence is largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to compare the predictive value of residual tumor volume with the intraoperatively assessed extent of resection (EOR).

METHODS

The Simpson grade was determined in 939 patients after surgery for initially diagnosed intracranial meningioma. Tumor volume was measured on initial postoperative MRI within 6 months after surgery. Correlation between both variables and recurrence was compared using a tree-structured Cox regression model.

RESULTS

Recurrence correlated with Simpson grading (p = 0.003). In 423 patients (45%) with available imaging, residual tumor volume covered a broad range (0–78.5 cm3). MRI revealed tumor remnants in 8% after gross-total resection (Simpson grade I–III, range 0.12–33.5 cm3) with a Cohen’s kappa coefficient of 0.7153. Postoperative tumor volume was correlated with recurrence in univariate analysis (HR 1.05 per cm3, 95% CI 1.02–1.08 per cm3, p < 0.001). A tree-structured Cox regression model revealed any postoperative tumor volume > 0 cm3 as a critical cutoff value for the prediction of relapse. Multivariate analysis confirmed the postoperative tumor volume (HR 1.05, p < 0.001) but not the Simpson grading (p = 0.398) as a predictor for recurrence.

CONCLUSIONS

EOR according to Simpson grading was overrated in 8% of tumors compared to postoperative imaging. Because the predictive value of postoperative imaging is superior to the Simpson grade, any residual tumor should be carefully considered during postoperative care of meningioma patients.
The neurosurgery residency interview: assessing applicant perspectives on question content, utility, and stress
Authors: Zuckerman Scott L. , Limoges Natalie , Yengo-Kahn Aaron M. , Graffeo Christopher S. , Chambless Lola B. , Chitale Rohan , Mocco J , Durham Susan
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

Residency interviews are integral to the recruitment process yet imperfect. Through surveys of neurosurgery residency applicants, the authors describe interview content and the perceived utility and stress of topics from the applicant’s perspective.

METHODS

All 2018–2019 neurosurgery resident applicants applying to three particular programs were surveyed. Across 10 interview topics, survey questions assessed topic frequency and the applicant’s opinion of the utility and stress of each topic (Likert scale 1–5). Analyses included descriptive statistics, Spearman’s rank correlation, and logistic regression.

RESULTS

One hundred thirty-three of 265 surveyed US residency applicants (50%) responded. Extracurricular activities, research, future career, non-medicine interests, and small talk were discussed in all interviews. The least frequent topics included neurosurgical knowledge assessment (79%) and manual dexterity tests (45%). The most useful topics according to respondents were future career objectives (4.78 ± 0.49) and prior research (4.76 ± 0.50); the least useful were neurosurgical knowledge assessment (2.67 ± 1.09) and manual dexterity tests (2.95 ± 1.05). The most stressful topics were neurosurgical knowledge assessment (3.66 ± 1.23) and ethical/behavioral scenarios (2.94 ± 1.28). The utility and stress of manual dexterity tests and neurosurgical knowledge assessments were inversely correlated (r = −0.40, p < 0.01; r = −0.36, p < 0.01), whereas no such correlation existed for ethical/behavioral questions (r = −0.12, p = 0.18), indicating that ethical/behavioral questions may have been stressful but were potentially useful topics. Respondents who attended ≥ 15 interviews were more likely to be asked about the three most stressful topics (each p < 0.05). Respondents with children were less likely to be asked about ethical/behavioral scenarios (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.03–0.52, p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Applicants found several of the most frequently discussed topics to be less useful, indicating a potential disconnect between applicant opinion and the faculty’s preferred questions. Ethical/behavioral scenarios were rated as stressful but still useful, representing a potentially worthwhile type of question. These data provide several avenues for potential standardization and improvement of the interview process.
Quantitative analysis of the correlation between preoperative cervical degeneration and postoperative heterotopic ossification after cervical disc replacement: minimum 10-year follow-up data
Authors: Zhou Feifei , Li Shuyang , Zhao Yanbin , Zhang Yilong , Ju Kevin L. , Zhang Fengshan , Pan Shengfa , Sun Yu
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

The authors aimed to identify factors that may be useful for quantifying the amount of degenerative change in preoperative patients to identify ideal candidates for cervical disc replacement (CDR) in patients with a minimum of 10 years of follow-up data.

METHODS

During the period from December 2003 to August 2008, 54 patients underwent CDR with a Bryan cervical disc prosthesis performed by the same group of surgeons, and all of the patients in this group with at least 10 years of follow-up data were enrolled in this retrospective analysis of cases. Postoperative bone formation was graded in radiographic images by using the McAfee classification for heterotopic ossification. Preoperative degeneration was evaluated in radiographs based on a quantitative scoring system. After univariate analysis, the authors performed multifactor logistic regression analysis to identify significant factors. To determine the cutoff points for the significant factors, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted.

RESULTS

Study patients had a mean age of 43.6 years and an average follow-up period of 120.3 months. The patients as a group had a 68.2% overall incidence of bone formation. Based on univariate analysis results, data for patient sex, disc height, and the presence of anterior osteophytes and endplate sclerosis were included in the multivariate analysis. According to the analysis results, the identified independent risk factors for postoperative bone formation included disc height, the presence of anterior osteophytes, and endplate sclerosis, and according to a quantitative scoring system for degeneration of the cervical spine based on these variables, the ROC curve indicated that the optimal cutoff scores for these risk factors were 0.5, 1.5, and 1.5, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Among the patients who were followed up for at least 10 years after CDR, the incidence of postoperative bone formation was relatively high. The study results indicate that the degree of degeneration in the target level before surgery has a positive correlation with the incidence of postoperative ossification. Rigorous indication criteria for postoperative ossification should be applied in patients for whom CDR may be a treatment option.
Sustainability Is What Matters Most
Authors: Cizelj Boris
Published: July 2020

Over centuries, but even more intensely since mid-20th century, in all domains of business, society and politics, we are witnessing reducing levels of sustainability. For decades, the environmentalists are warning us that our habitat is increasuingly becoming polluted, biodiversity being reduced, and soon half of world population will have problems in accessing clean water – a vital condition for healthy life. Socio-economic differentiation has reached unprecedented dimensions, middle classes have virtually disappeared, and quality of political leadership leaves much to be desired. Supported by the dominant economic doctrine on permanent GDP growth, and financial oligarchs' responsibility recognised only to corporate shareholders, is leaving no space for socially responsible corporate management. Many people feel helpless, but in spite of actively reacting and demanding change, they do not even participate in elections. Ironically, this is happening in times when people are more educated than ever before in history, with powerful science, research and technology – including ITC, which would allow us to productively interact, inspire, exchange experiences, and build critical mass around demands for badly needed changes. This is exactly the objective of the new Sustainability Network of Networks, expected to connect numerous groups around the globe – trying to introduce new, sustainable approaches to current economic and socio-political problems. With this new programme the Knowledge Economy Network, KEN (est. in Brussels as a non-profit association in 2011) is going to contribute to changes needed to achieve more sustainability in various areas of public and private domain.
Smart City Concept in Mauritius
Authors: Macek Anita , Majcen Jerman Suzana , Bobek Vito , Horvat Tatjana
Published: July 2020

In the article, the authors discuss the knowledge and implementation of the concept of smart cities in Mauritius. Through a focus interview with selected investors in Mauritius, the authors verified the extent to which the concept of smart cities is present in their investments, and the extent to which investors are familiar with the concept. The research found that not all focus group participants attach much importance to smart solutions. They do not consider smart solutions in their investments, but at the same time, the most important thing for all investment participants is the return and not the impact of the investment on society and the environment. In their view, smart solutions are often associated with higher costs, and if these costs are not reimbursed appropriately and quickly enough, they are not accepted by investors.
MENJAGA KESEHATAN MENTAL DENGAN PENDEKATAN SHALAT: ANALISIS SANAD DAN MATAN HADIS
Authors: Rama Wijaya Kesuma Wardhani Pasiska, Nurlaila Kamsi,
Published: July 2020

Abstract

This paper seeks to open insight into the study of psychology that is in the Sunnah, regarding mental health. As one source of teachings in Islam, the Hadith contains information and knowledge, including mental health problems in the world of psychology today. With the approach of the study of sanad and matan hadith, the writer tries to explore texts that discuss the topic of mental health and its relevance in the hadith. then it can be concluded that 1) maintaining mental health in the perspective of the Sunnah based on the idea of ​​moderation in meeting the needs of life with a spirituality approach and, 2) the method of spiritual Hadith realizing mental health, among others by praying as a solution to mental illness. Achievements by the method of prayer can be seen from the lives of prophets and friends, with themselves, relationships with others, and the universe that all come together in harmony.