bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Von den Lehrenden her denken – zur Konzeption von Fortbildungen am Beispiel eines Qualifizierungsangebots für Deutschlehrkräfte in Japan
Authors: Schart Michael , Ohta Tatsuya
Published: October 2018

Vor dem Hintergrund der spezifischen Situation von Deutsch als Fremdsprache in Japan geht der Beitrag der Frage nach, wie Fortbildungen gestaltet sein sollten, um den Bedürfnissen der Lehrenden gerecht zu werden. Im Zentrum steht die Analyse einer Befragung von Teilnehmenden einer zweijährigen Qualifizierungsmaßnahme. Es werden Daten sowohl aus einer Umfrage als auch Interviews analysiert und die Ergebnisse in den Diskussionen zum beruflichen Professionalisierungsprozess von Fremdsprachenlehrenden eingeordnet. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, weshalb es wichtig ist, dass sich Fortbildungen nicht in erster Linie an wissenschaftlichen Konstrukten orientieren, sondern an den beruflichen Selbstbildern der Teilnehmenden und ihren Erfahrungen mit Unterricht in konkreten Kontexten.
Multi-disciplinary evaluation of a 5-month-old with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy related to a functional adrenocortical tumor
Authors: Nally Laura M. , Conner Erin , Paige Sharon , Mooney Kelly L. , Naber Urs , Richards Rebecca , Wright Gail
Published: October 2018

Background

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in childhood is a rare diagnosis, and associations with adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) have been rarely reported in the pediatric literature.

Case presentation

We present a case of a 5-month-old who presented with HCM and during the evaluation for hypertension was found to have elevated glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens and urine metanephrines. During preoperative evaluation, he developed shock followed by cardiogenic collapse requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); however, he did not survive. Pathology revealed an ACT with hormone production that contributed to his demise.

Conclusions

Adrenocortical tumors associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can be life-threatening. We discuss the complex interplay of unrestricted cortical hormone production in the setting of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that may lead to rapid decline and poor clinical outcomes.
On the formation of complex predicates in Bengali
Authors: Bhattacharja Shishir
Published: October 2018

In this article we show, in the light of Bengali data, how verbal constructions known as Complex predicates can be handled in grammar. These constructions are generally described as constituted of two items, the former chosen among various categories of words: noun, verbal forms, adjective, preposition, etc., and the latter, a normally inflected verb. We argue that such constructions are words, and it is preferable to handle them exclusively in morphology. We assume, in the light of Whole Word Morphology, that a Word Formation Strategy may become part of the morphological module of a speaker-hearer if her lexica contains a set of semantically related word-pairs based on the same (i) formal contrast and (ii) categorial affiliation. Hence the individual mental lexica of Bengali speaker-hearers contain sets of pairs of words constituted of simple and complex predicates (such aslikhe‘he writes’ ~likhejay‘he continues to write’, etc.). These pairs license particular WFSs (such as /Xe/v,3sg prs↔ /Xejay/v,3sg prs) which can be activated as needed, to form, remember or retrieve other complex predicates such asbolejay‘he continues to speak’. Therefore, there is no need to list each one of them separately in a mental lexicon.
Poesie und Freundschaft
Authors: Krasser Helmut
Published: October 2018

At the end of the first century CE, we see a broad reception of Catullus, both members of the nobility and professional writers such as Pliny the Younger, Martial and Statius. Three significant aspects are to be considered: By reading and adapting Catullus, they can establish a connection with the great writers of the past. Given the rise of Latin literary canons in the first century, Catullus is a particularly suitable model to be imitated, and maybe even to surpass. The most important aspect, for amateurs and professionals alike, is the social representation inherent in the act of reception. The Catullan oeuvre mainly appeals to writers because parts of its poetic programme can also be found in the set of rules the nobility abides by and in their sociable institutions. The way Catullus celebrates amicitia in his poems becomes a model of self-representation for an elite which seeks to impress with cultural savoir-faire; likewise, it serves to create consensus and self-assurance. Finally professional writers read and appropriate Catullus in like manner, with regard to social aspects. Catullan poetry serves as a way of displaying friendship, especially when looking at the interchange between poeta and patronus; this is quite similar to amateur poetry in the style of Pliny. It is a means of establishing proximity, familiarity and community between socially unequal parties.
Broadband terahertz absorber based on dispersion-engineered catenary coupling in dual metasurface
Authors: Zhang Ming , Zhang Fei , Ou Yi , Cai Jixiang , Yu Honglin
Published: October 2018

Terahertz (THz) absorbers have attracted considerable attention due to their potential applications in high-resolution imaging systems, sensing, and imaging. However, the limited bandwidth of THz absorbers limits their further applications. Recently, the dispersion management of metasurfaces has become a simple strategy for the bandwidth extension of THz devices. In this paper, we used the capability of dispersion management to extend the bandwidth of THz absorbers. As a proof-of-concept, a dual metasurface-based reflective device was proposed for broadband near-unity THz absorber, which was composed of two polarization-independent metasurfaces separated from a metallic ground by dielectric layers with different thickness. Benefiting from the fully released dispersion management ability in adjusting the dimensions of the metasurfaces, we obtained an absorbance above 90% in the frequency range from 0.52 to 4.4 THz and the total thickness for the bandwidth approaching the theoretical Rozanov limit. The experimental results verified the ability of dispersion management in designing broadband absorbers and the performance of the designed absorber. The underlying physical mechanism of dispersion management was interpreted in the general equivalent circuit theory and transmission line model. In addition, the catenary optical model was used to further interpret the physics behind this dual metasurface. Moreover, we found that the alignment deviations between the dual metasurface had little impact on the performance of the designed absorber, which indicates that the dual-metasurface does not require center alignment and is easy to be fabricated. The results of this work could broaden the application areas of THz absorbers.
Crystal structure and photochromism of 1-(2-ethyl-5-formylthiophen-3yl)-2-(2-cyano-1,5-dimethyl-4-pyrrl)-3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopent-1-ene, C19H14F6N2OS
Authors: Huang Xiaoqin , Zheng Chunhong , Pu Shouzhi
Published: October 2018

C19H14F6N2OS, monclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 16.534(2) Å, b = 9.3008(12) Å, c = 12.7681(16) Å, β = 95.095(2)°, V = 1955.7(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0466, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1471, T = 296(2) K.
Metal cofactors trafficking and assembly in the cell: a molecular view
Authors: Camponeschi Francesca , Banci Lucia
Published: October 2018

Metal ions are essential cofactors required by the proteome of organisms from any kingdom of life to correctly exert their functions. Dedicated cellular import, transport and homeostasis systems assure that the needed metal ion is correctly delivered and inserted into the target proteins and avoid the presence of free metal ions in the cell, preventing oxidative damaging. Among metal ions, in eukaryotic organisms copper and iron are required by proteins involved in absolutely essential functions, such as respiration, oxidative stress protection, catalysis, gene expression regulation. Copper and iron binding proteins are localized in essentially all cellular compartments. Copper is physiologically present mainly as individual metal ion. Iron can be present both as individual metal ion or as part of cofactors, such as hemes and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters. Both metal ions are characterized by the ability to cycle between different oxidation states, which enable them to catalyze redox reactions and to participate in electron transfer processes. Here we describe in detail the main processes responsible for the trafficking of copper and iron sulfur clusters, with particular interest for the structural aspects of the maturation of copper and iron-sulfur-binding proteins.
Conflict in Cyber-Space: The Network of Cyber Incidents, 2000–2014
Authors: Baronchelli Adelaide
Published: October 2018

Despite raising fears over the use of states’ cyber capabilities as a tool of foreign policy, little empirical evidence is provided about its actual diffusion. Using a newly developed dataset collecting information on cyber interactions between rival states from 2000 to 2014, I analyse the evolution of the network of cyber incidents over the considered period by the mean of a Social Network Analysis approach. Results show that the level of cohesion in the network is low and the number of countries which does not make use of cyber tactics is high. Furthermore, Russia is emerging as the major offender while the USA is the most attacked country. Finally, geography appears to be a driving factor in influencing links formation.
Biphasic learning curve of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy:technical competence and refinement of patient selection
Authors: Shannon Nicholas B , Tan Grace Hwei Ching , Chia Claramae Shulyn , Soo Khee Chee , Teo Melissa Ching Ching
Published: October 2018

Background

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is routinely used for selected patients with peritoneal metastasis, but can be associated with high complication rates, prolonged hospital stay, and mortality. Our objective was to determine the learning curve of CRS/HIPEC in our institution, representing the largest Asian cohort to date.

Methods

A total of 200 consecutive patients with peritoneal metastasis treated with CRS/HIPEC between 2001 and 2016 were grouped into four cohorts of 50 patients and studied. Primary outcomes were severe morbidity (Clavien-Dindo III-V), procedure-related mortality, and duration of ICU and hospital stays. Secondary outcome was duration of surgery.

Results

Median age was 53 years (10–75). There was no significant age, sex, or histology difference across cohorts. Rates of severe morbidity (23 %), and 60 day inpatient mortality (0.5 %) were comparable to previously reported data. Decreases in rates of serious morbidity, (34 %, 30 %, 12 %, 14 %, p<0.01) and duration of total hospital stay (14, 16, 13, 12 days, p=0.041) were seen across consecutive cohorts. Operation time decreased significantly after the first cohort (10, 7.8, 7.8, 7.2 h, p<0.01), despite increase in average PCI score after the first cohort (8, 14, 12, 13, p=0.063).

Conclusions

Whilst 50 cases were adequate for procedural familiarity and decreased average operation time, significant improvement in rate of serious morbidity was observed after 100 operations. We demonstrate a novel biphasic nature to the learning curve, reflecting initial training in which technical competence is achieved, followed by a subsequent period characterized by increasingly complex cases (higher PCI score) and finally refinement of patient selection.
Interaction of particles governed by generalized integrated telegraph processes
Authors: Pogorui A. A. , Rodríguez-Dagnino R. M.
Published: October 2018

In this paper we introduce the analysis of the interaction
of two or more particles, where each of them is governed by a generalized integrated telegraph process.
We present systematically the distribution of the meeting instant of two telegraph particles on the line (or collision phenomenon) that started their motion at the same time but from different locations.
We also investigate the distribution of a switching time such that there exists the first moment of the first instant of two particles collision.
Asymptotic results of particle collisions for a system of interacting particles with Markov switching, as time goes to infinity, are considered.
Mit zweierlei Maß. Der Adriaraum als Laboratorium spätmittelalterlicher Praktiken des Slaving / Two Degrees of Bondage: The Venetian Adriatic Sea as a Laboratory for European Practices and Discourses of Slavery
Authors: Schiel Juliane
Published: October 2018

It is usually held that by the turn of the millennium Latin Christians stopped enslaving their fellow-believers from within Europe. Scholars have therefore tended to define the late medieval type of domestic slaves in Italian and Iberian households, most of whom had been traded from the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea region to Europe, by their cultural and religious difference. Yet, the numerous Christians from the Balkans who came across the Adriatic Sea to the West (and especially to Venice) clearly complicate the picture. They were mostly under twelve years of age and could be purchased at a very low price. The paper examines the commercial policy of the Venetian Senate in respect of the Adriatic human trafficking and sounds the strategies Venetian merchants used in order to pursue their interests, within and outside the legal framework set by the state authorities East and West of the Adriatic Sea.
The “four footed” Lepanthes (Pleurothallidinae), a new species from north-western Ecuador
Authors: Baquero Luis E. , Moreno Juan Sebastián , Iturralde Gabriel Alfredo
Published: October 2018

Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie de Lepanthes, cercanamente relacionada a L. hexapus y L. aguirre. La especie nueva se caracteriza por tener pétalos bilobados, filiformes y curvados. Se proven notas ecológicas y taxonómicas. Además, se presenta por primera vez una localidad conocida para L. bibarbullata.Abstract. A new species of Lepanthes, closely resembling L. hexapus and L. aguirrei, is described and illustrated. The new species is characterized by bilobed, filiform and curved petals. Ecological and taxonomic notes are given. In addition, the first known locality for L. bibarbullata is presented herein.
Composición y distribución de hepáticas (Marchantiophyta) en un intervalo altitudinal en la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia
Authors: Cacua-Toledo Cristhian Fernando , Serrano-Cardozo Víctor Hugo , Ramírez-Pinilla Martha Patricia
Published: October 2018

Composition and distribution of liverworts (Marchantiophyta) in a continuous altitudinal range on the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia. The species composition of liverworts varies with altitude in the Northern part of the Andes due to the relationship of biotic (vegetation) and abiotic factors (temperature, humidity, and sunlight brightness). In order to test this affirmation we determined the diversity, species composition, abundance, and distribution of species of Marchantiophyta in an altitudinal range from 2 400 to 3 400 m on the Colombian Cordillera Oriental, and established how these vary with altitude and life-zones, regarding abiotic factors. Samples, taken every 200 m in the altitudinal range, and environmental data were registered during a year. We found 162 species, the composition of liverworts varied throughout the altitudinal gradient with a high number of unique species in each altitude. The maximum diversity was found at 3 000 m, along with a dominance of leafy habit and epiphytic species, while the higher richness of families and genera was found between 3 200 and 3 400 m. Anoplolejeunea conferta had the largest value of coverage in the zone, the highest value of importance value index (IVI), and the widest altitudinal distribution, from 2 400 to 3 000 m in four different substrates. The liverworts were distributed differently with altitude, we found a high beta diversity (0.864) due to the replacement of species, with more that 30 % of dissimilarity in species composition every 200 altitudinal meters, mainly depending on sunlight brightness variation. Accordingly, we found that abiotic factors like temperature, humidity, and sunlight brightness and its relationship vegetation are determinant in the diversity and altitudinal distribution of liverworts in the study area. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 559-570. Epub 2018 June 01.
Fish assemblages in three fringed mangrove bays of Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos Marine Reserve
Authors: Llerena-Martillo Yasmania , Peñaherrera-Palma César , Espinoza Eduardo R.
Published: October 2018

Mangrove-fringed bays are highly variable ecosystems that provide critical habitats for fish species. In this study we assessed the fish assemblage in three mangrove-fringed bays (Punta Rocafuerte, Saca Calzón and Garrapatero) in the Southeast side of Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos Marine Reserve. Using gillnets, we carried out a total of 108 fieldtrips from January 2010 to December 2011. A total of 1 773 bony and 740 cartilaginous fishes belonging to 26 species and 15 families were identified at the same sampling sites. Species richness was higher in the protected bay (Garrapatero) than in those open to fishing (Punta Rocafuerte, Saca Calzón). Blacktip sharks (Carcharhinus limbatus, n= 729), Thoburn’s mullets (Mugil thoburni, n= 492), Peruvian mojarras (Diapterus peruvianus, n= 440), milkfish (Chanos chanos, n= 206) and the yellow fin mojarras (Gerres cinereus, n= 197) were the most common species across sites and season (cold and warm). The abundance of the most common species varied seasonally, with C. limbatus and C. chanos being more abundant in the warm season (December to April), and M. thoburni, C. limbatus and G. cinereus in the cold season (June to October). Temperature was the most important driver of abundance in C. limbatus and C. chanos, while salinity influenced Umbrina galapagorum. This study represents the first evaluation of the fish assemblage composition and dynamics in mangrove-fringed bays in the Galapagos Marine Reserve. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 674-687. Epub 2018 June 01.
Spatial variability of zooplankton community structure in Colombian Caribbean waters during two seasons
Authors: Medellín-Mora Johanna , Escribano Rubén , Schneider Wolfgang , Correa-Ramírez Marco , Campos Nestor
Published: October 2018

Zooplankton is an important component to understand oceanographic dynamics, they are considered good indicators of environmental variability, since most species are short-lived they can be tight coupling of climate and population dynamics, and some taxa are sensitive to variables such as temperature, quality and quantity of food, oxygenation and stratification. In the Colombian Caribbean two oceanographic cruises were carried out, in order to characterize and analyze the biodiversity of the continental margin, for the periods May-June 2008 and November-December 2009. The objective of this study was to determine which oceanographic variable was the most important in the distribution of zooplankton in the oceanic waters, and how the variables structure the community. In each cruise, zooplankton samples were obtained by vertical hauls with a 1 m2 diameter conical net (200 μm mesh size). The zooplankton community structure was studied by automated image analysis (ZooImage), which combined with abundance data, allowed to calculate the slope of size spectrum, and diversity indexes of taxa and sizes. The environmental variables included temperature, salinity, oxygen and chlorophyll a of the water column, and were used to calculate the stratification with the Brunt-Vaiisala frequency; this information was complemented by satellite images of temperature, surface chlorophyll, geostrophic currents and sea level, obtained from MODIS and AQUA products. The association between environmental variables and the zooplankton community structure was determined using Spearman’s correlation ranges with the Bioenv routine and a stepwise regression model, and Principal component analysis (PCA). Our results showed spatial and temporal patterns in the oceanographic conditions of the study area, such as upwelling in the Northeast region, strong stratification in the Southwest, and mesoscale activity. The abundance of zooplankton exhibited differences between the two climatic seasons and zones. Temporal differences were also evident in the size and diversity of taxa (ANOVA 2-way p <0.05). These changes were related to the moderate upwelling and the activity of mesoscale eddies. Cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies of variable size can either transport or retain zooplankton over cross-shelf and oceanic areas, thus modifying the taxonomic structure of the community. According to the Bioenv analysis, the main variables that explained the abundance and composition of zooplankton were sea level and chlorophyll a (Spearman correlation = 0.49). The stepwise regression showed that stratification, oxygen and chlorophyll a were the most important predictors of zooplankton abundance and size. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 688-708. Epub 2018 June 01.
Producción de frutos de Gleditsia amorphoides (Griseb.) Taub. (Fabaceae) y abundancia de Bruchidius endotubercularis Arora (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) durante tres años consecutivos en el SE de la provincia de Formosa (Argentina)
Authors: Godoy Claudia Marcela , Kehr Arturo , Lavia Graciela
Published: October 2018

Gleditsia amorphoides (Griseb.) Taub. is a tree species native to South America. It is known for its good quality wood and for its fruits that contain a rubber for industrial uses. One of the causes for the reduction of the production of viable seeds in forest trees is the damage caused by predators of fruits and seeds. The relationship between fruit production and predators is not known for G. amorphoides. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the fruit production in this three species and the abundance of specimens of the Subfamily Bruchinae associated to G. amorphoides. The study was carried out in three localities of the Formosa Province in the Northeast of Argentina for three consecutive years. We found a single species of Bruchinae, identified as Bruchidius endotubercularis Arora. The results showed the existence of variability in the production of G. amorphoides fruits between years, but not between locations. The abundance of insects remained constant, not responding to the variation in the production of fruits between years. In this study, we report for the first time, the occurrence of B. endotubercularis associated with G. amorphoides in Argentina
Isla del Coco / Cocos Island: la isla que hizo grande a Costa Rica
Authors: Morales Carlos
Published: October 2018

Unos 500 km al SW de la península de Nicoya, frente a las costas de Ecuador y Colombia, se halla la Isla del Coco con 24 km², abundante agua dulce y vegetación exuberante, que incluye árboles y dos especies de palmeras: Cocos nucifera L. y Euterpe precatoria Mart. Durante siglos fue refugio de viajeros, piratas y balleneros de las naciones que dominaron los océanos entre los siglos XVI y XIX: españoles, ingleses, franceses y estadounidenses.
Diversidad espacial y temporal de arañas en microhábitats de cultivos de Citrus sinensis, (Rutaceae) Corrientes, Argentina
Authors: Achitte Schmutzler Helga Cecilia , Porcel Eduardo Adolfo , Avalos Gilberto
Published: October 2018

We analyze the distribution of spider assemblages at three microhabitats (canopy, tree trunk and soil) in Citrus sinensis orchards (Rutaceae) in the Province of Corrientes, Argentina. Spiders were collected monthly using four sampling techniques: beating foliage, leaf litter sifting, pitfall traps and direct capture by hand. A total of 2160 samples were examined and 7194 spiders were collected (2462 on the canopy, 983 on trunk and 3749 on the floor) belonging to 34 families and 200 species/morphospecies of Araneomorphae. There were significant differences among microhabitats and months in the structure of the spider communities, according to analysis of similarity (ANOSIM). The diversity was highest on the canopy, followed by soil and tree trunk. Araneidae, Salticidae and Anyphaenidae were the most abundant taxa in the canopy; the dominant species were Jessica erythostoma and Cheiracanthium inclusum, a predator of the leaf herbivore Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera) a pest of Citrus spp. The most abundant families on the tree trunk were Tetragnathidae, Hersiliidae and Theridiidae, Iviraiva pachyura was a species specialist in such microhabitat; and Leucauge venusta was an opportunistic species, because their abundance increaseds markedly in anthropic environments that modified by man. The most abundant families on the floor were Lycosidae, Linyphiidae and Coriniidae. In this habitat, Lycosa erythrognatha and Pardosa plumipedata were dominant species. The Chao-Jaccard similarity index was highest between the canopy and trunk (J-C=0.95), likewise ordination by nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) revealed strong differentiation between assemblages of soil spiders and canopy and trunk spiders. Also, on the soil the temporary replacement of species was greater and the seriation method was significant (z=3.82, p=0.00) therefore there was a succession of species during the year. The different species in each microhabitat probably avoided competition by using different hunting strategies and different ecological resources, in addition to specific patterns of temporal distribution. Our results suggest that anthropic environments, such as in Citrus orchards, tend to harbor populations of spiders able to adapt to those environments and interact in a balanced way in space and time.
Antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) essential oil on Streptococcus mutans biofilm and cytotoxic effect on keratinocytes and fibroblasts
Authors: Ortega Cuadros Mailen , Tofiño Rivera Adriana Patricia , Merini Luciano Jose , Martinez Pabon Maria Cecilia
Published: October 2018

Dental caries is a pathology of multifactorial origin and currently natural products are an efficient alternative treatment; The work sought to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and the citral and myrcene components against Streptococcus mutans ATCC UA159, as well as their cytotoxicity on keratinocytes and human fibroblasts. The viability effect against Streptococcus mutans on biofilms was evaluated through exposure to the three substances by using the MBEC technique-high-throughput at concentrations of 1, 0.1, and 0.01 µg/mL and chlorhexidine as positive control. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated on keratinocytes and fibroblasts through the MTT reduction technique, using 0.5 mM H2O2 as cell-death control (negative control) and ethanol 1% as vehicle control (positive control). The three substances evaluated had effects on the viability of Streptococcus mutans with mortality between 74% and 96%, without significant difference among them (p > 0.393); additionally, no cytotoxicity was evident on keratinocytes and fibroblasts in a 24-h treatment. The substances evaluated showed significant antimicrobial effects; hence, these should be studied further as potential co-adjuvants to prevent dental caries that cause minor adverse effects
The origin of sexism in language
Authors: Coady Ann
Published: October 2018

Although previous work on sexist linguistic structures has identified the causes of sexism in language as stemming from an androcentric world view, it has not described the social and semiotic processes involved in the historic production and reproduction of this kind of linguistic sexism. This article uses the three processes of iconisation, fractal recursivity, and erasure to bring together what appear to be disparate phenomena (such as the masculine generic, and even the very existence of the feminine grammatical gender) into a unifying theory. Iconisation results in the binary division of humanity into females and males; fractal recursivity explains how this division was projected onto language; and erasure demonstrates how certain discourses have been ignored, to the profit of others. A Queer critique of the two concepts of binarity and markedness (which arise as a result of iconisation) opens up exciting new ways to approach sexism in language, and to revitalise research in this area.
Voices of the hero
Authors: Dahlberg-Dodd Hannah E.
Published: October 2018

This paper examines diachronic changes in the pronoun use and phonetic performance of protagonists in sh?nen anime, a genre of animated work that is aimed predominately at adolescent boys. Utilising nearly forty years of sh?nen anime, this study constructs a diachronic analysis of first-person pronoun usage, the primary pragmatic index of gender performance in Japanese, as well as average pitch and pitch range, which are frequently cited as salient phonetic markers of gender performance but are understudied in this area with regard to language in media. By analysing the way that changes in masculinity structures are reflected in performance of fictional protagonists, this paper demonstrates the necessity for further research on language use, particularly by protagonists, in fictional media, as well as on the way that dominant language ideologies are reproduced and consumed in the popular culture market.
Abjection and condemnation
Authors: de Jesus Felipe Leandro , Caldas-Coulthard Carmen Rosa
Published: October 2018

This study investigates a series of news reports of a well-publicised crime in Brazil where a transgender person was involved and implicitly evaluated and condemned by the semiotic resources used in the reporting of the event. Theoretical tools from critical discourse analysis, systemic functional grammar and multimodal theory are applied to the data in order to investigate how verbal and other semiotic resources interpret the story. The findings point to partiality and manipulation when it comes to supporting one of the sides involved in the crime to the detriment of the transgender social actress. Her nonnormative gender identity is represented as a core part of her criminal identity. Through these representations, the media reinforces bias and reproduces biased discourses against travestis, a community that constitutes a permanent zone of abjection, a process through which those deemed unintelligible are excluded by identificatory regimes to delimit the boundaries of the self.
A Case of Metastatic Biliary Tract Cancer Diagnosed Through Identification of an IDH1 Mutation
Authors: Kamath Suneel Deepak , Lin Xiaoqi , Kalyan Aparna
Published: October 2018

The role of next-generation sequencing from either circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue to identify therapeutically targetable genomic alterations has been well established. Genomic profiling may also have untapped potential as a diagnostic tool in cases in which traditional immunohistochemistry assays cannot establish a clear histologic diagnosis. Expanding the number of histologies with unique genomic signatures or alterations is critical in this setting. Here we describe a case of a 73-year-old man who presented with a duodenal mass extending to the liver and peritoneal carcinomatosis, initially thought to be metastatic duodenal adenocarcinoma. Subsequent genomic profiling of ctDNA and FFPE tissue revealed an IDH1 mutation, which is rare in duodenal adenocarcinoma but common in biliary tract cancers (BTCs). This finding prompted a second biopsy, which revealed pancreaticobiliary adenocarcinoma. The clinical significance of IDH mutations in terms of their molecular specificity to certain histologies is reviewed. Recent and ongoing investigations into IDH inhibitors for advanced and metastatic BTCs are also discussed.

Key Points

This case demonstrates a novel use of next-generation sequencing as a diagnostic tool to modify a primary cancer diagnosis, leading to important changes in therapy. Isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations are rare in solid organ malignancies and are highly specific for biliary tract cancers (BTCs) within the gastrointestinal malignancies. IDH inhibition is an active area of investigation in metastatic BTCs; early results have been promising.
Phase Angle and the Diagnosis of Impending Death in Patients with Advanced Cancer: Preliminary Findings
Authors: Hui David , Moore Jessica , Park Minjeong , Liu Diane , Bruera Eduardo
Published: October 2018

Background

Phase angle is a prognostic factor in patients with months of survival, but its accuracy has not been examined in patients with weeks/days of survival. We determined the association between phase angle and survival in patients with advanced cancer admitted to an acute palliative care unit (APCU).

Subjects, Materials, and Methods

We prospectively assessed phase angle in consecutive patients with advanced cancer admitted to our APCU. We conducted univariate and multivariate survival analyses adjusting for established prognostic factors. Post hoc subgroup analyses examined patients with and without edema.

Results

Among 204 patients, the median overall survival was 10 days (95% confidence interval [CI] 8–11 days). Seventy-four (36%) did not have edema. The median phase angle was 3.7° for the entire cohort, 3.9° for the nonedematous subgroup and 3.6° for the edematous subgroup. In univariate analysis, a low phase angle was associated with decreased survival for the entire cohort (≤3° vs. >3°, median survival 7 vs. 10 days, p = .045) and the nonedematous subgroup (5 vs. 18 days, p < .001) but not the edematous subgroup (9 vs. 9 days, p = .84). In multivariate analysis, phase angle did not reach significance for the entire cohort but remained significant in the nonedematous subgroup (hazard ratio 2.46, 95% CI 1.14–5.31, p < .001). Specifically, phase angle ≤3° had an accuracy of 86% (95% CI 77%–93%) for 3-day survival in patients without edema.

Conclusion

Phase angle had limited prognostic utility in unselected APCU patients but was significant in the nonedematous subgroup. Further studies are required to confirm these preliminary findings.
Conflict of Interest: An Ethical Firestorm with Consequences for Cancer Research
Authors: Chabner Bruce A. , Bates Susan E.
Published: October 2018

As the challenge of proper reporting of potential financial conflicts of interest is once again brought into the national spotlight, this editorial considers the recent events, expands on current systems for enforcing accurate reporting of financial disclosures, and considers ways to move forward.
NEUTROPHIL TO LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME
Authors: ERÇEN DİKEN Özlem , ARSLAN Mesut , DENİZ Hülya
Published: October 2018

Objective:
The role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as an inflammatory marker in
inflammatory conditions has been explored. The association between neutrophil
to lymphocyte ratio, which is elevated in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
syndrome, and hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome has been examined.
Methods: A total of
232 obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients
were included in this study. A total of 50 subjects without obstructive sleep
apnea syndrome comprised the control group. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio
was calculated and recorded for each patient and control subject. The
association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio to hypertension was investigated
in two sub-groups of patients defined on the basis of the presence or absence
of hypertension. Results: There
were 100 (43.1%) female and 132 (56.9%) male patients in the study. Obstructive
sleep apnea syndrome patients had
significantly higher average neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (1.76 ± 0.77) as compared to controls (1.31
± 0.74) (p=0.000). A significant difference in neutrophil to lymphocyte
ratio between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients with (3.59 ± 14.92) or
without (1.72 ± 0.69) hypertension was found (p=0.014).

Conclusion:
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio may find some value as an inflammatory marker in
obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in obstructive
sleep apnea syndrome may arise from comorbid conditions such as hypertension in
these patients.  This cheap and
practical method may be used in daily clinical practice to predict comorbidity
in OSAS patients.
SAFRA KESESİ POLİPLERİ: 5212 KOLESİSTEKTOMİ VAKASININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: PARLAK Ömer , ULUSOY Serap , KILINÇ İbrahim
Published: October 2018

AMAÇ:
Bu çalışmada10 yılda gerçekleşen kolesistektomi olguları içerisinde raporlanmış
Safra Kesesi Poliplerinin (SKP) klinik ve histopatolojik olarak
değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

GEREÇ ve YÖNTEM:
Kliniğimizde 2007-2016 yılları arasında yapılmış olan 5212 kolesistektomi
vakası retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastalar preoperatif ultrasonografi ve
postoperatif patoloji sonuçlarına göre değerlendirildi. 241 hasta preoperatif
ultrasonografilerinde multiple veya tek sayıda polipoid lezyon olması nedeni
ile opere edilmişti.

BULGULAR:
Hastaların ortalama yaşı 44,65 yıl olup en genç hasta 21 en yaşlı hasta 84
yaşındaydı.145 hasta kadın, 96 hasta erkek idi. 157 hastanın semptomatik
şikayetleri var iken, 84 hastada herhangi bir semptom yoktu. Kolesistektomi
sonrası patolojik incelemelerde 58 ve 57 yaşlarında olan 2 kadın hastada safra
kesesi karsinomu saptandı. (% 0,83) 66 yaşındaki bir diğer kadın hastada da
düşük dereceli displazi mevcuttu. Opere edilen diğer  hastalarda malign veya premalign lezyon
saptanmadı. En çok rastlanan patolojik sonuç 149 vaka ile kolesterol polibi
idi. Bunun dışında, başka bir patoloji olmaksızın olan kolelitiazis, koleterolozis,
kronik kolesistit, fibroepitelyal polip, hamartamoz polip, inflamatuar polip ve
adenomyoma görülmüştür.

SONUÇ:

Safra
kesesi kanserleri yaşla birlikte artmakta ve kadınlarda daha sık görülmektedir.
Bizim çalışmamızda görülmüş olan 2 kanser vakası da 50 yaşın üstünde olan kadın
hastalardır. Safra kesesinin polipoid lezyonları değerlendirilirken hastanın
semptomatik olup olmaması, yaşı, cinsiyeti, ultrasonografik olarak polibin
boyutu, çap artışı, çok sayıda olup olmaması göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu
sonuçlar sağlık eğitimi, sağlık politikası ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için
değerli bir kaynak olabilir. Daha ileri özelliklerini tanımlamak için daha
geniş çapta çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Yozgat ilinde akral melanositik nevüslerin klinik ve dermoskopik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÜREL Gülhan
Published: October 2018

ÖZET

Amaç: Bu
çalışmanın amacı, ilimizdeki bireylerde akral melanositik nevüslerin klinik
ve  dermoskopik özelliklerini değerlendirmektir.

Metod: Bu
çalışmada 410 hastaya ait 640 akral melanositik nevüs değerlendirildi.
Hastaların yaş ve cinsiyet gibi demografik özellikleri ile nevüslerin
lokalizasyonları ve dermoskopik paternleri kaydedildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya
katılan 410 hastanın 240’ı (%58.5) kadın, 170’i (%41.5) erkekti. Hastaların yaş
ortalaması 27 (7-62) idi. Tüm akral lezyonlar içinde en sık paralel oluk
paterni (330, %51.6) saptandı. Kafes benzeri patern 96 (%15.0) lezyonda,
fibriler patern 79 (%12.3) lezyonda, retiküler patern 52 (%8.1) lezyonda,
homojen patern 40 (%6.3) lezyonda, globüler patern 23 (%3.5) lezyonda,
globüler-ışınsal patern 10 (%1.6) lezyonda, geçiş paterni 7 (%1.1) lezyonda ve
çok bileşenli patern 3 (%0.5) lezyonda görüldü.

Sonuç: En
sık görülen üç patern sırasıyla paralel oluk, kafes benzeri ve fibriler patern
idi. Çalışmamızın sonuçları daha önce yapılan çalışmalar ile uyumluydu.
HPV 16 veya HPV 18 pozitif hastalarda servikal sitoloji ile final patoloji sonuçları arasındaki ilişkinin analizi: Tersiyer merkez deneyimi
Authors: YILDIRIM Doğukan , ERDEM Baki , AŞICIOĞLU Osman , AKBAYIR Özgür , ÜLKER Volkan
Published: October 2018

Amaç:
Ulusal tarama programı kapsamında kliniğimize başvuran HPV 16 veya HPV 18
pozitif hastaların sitoloji ve patoloji sonuçlarını analiz etmek.Gereç
ve Yöntem: Ocak 2014 ile Mayıs 2017 tarihleri arasında
Jinekolokik Onkoloji Kliniği’mize başvuran HPV 16 veya HPV 18 pozitif olan
hastaların verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Tüm hastalara kolposkopi
yapıldı. Biopsi, endoservikal küretaj veya eksizyonel işlem sonuçlarından elde
edilen en yüksek dereceli lezyon final patoloji olarak kabul edildi.Bulgular:
Çalışmaya dahil edilen 720 hastanın yaş ortalaması 41.96±8.67, parite
ortalaması 2.39±1.58 idi. Hastaların 132 tanesi (%18.3) menopozdayken, 588 (%
81.7) tanesi premenopozaldi. Yüz otuz sekiz hastanın (%19.2) smear sonuçlarına
ulaşılamadı. Ulaşılan smear sonuçları; 398 hastanın (%55.3) normal veya
inflamasyon, 36 hastanın (%5) yetersiz, 91 hastanın (%12.6) ASCUS, 36 hastanın
(%5) LGSIL, 11 hastanın (%1.5) ASC-H, 4 hastanın HGSIL (%0.6), 6 hastanın AGC
(%0.8) idi. Final patolojide CIN 2+ lezyona neden olan anormal smear
sonuçlarının dağılımı; ASCUS: 23 (%25.3), LGSIL: 13 (%36.1), ASC-H: 6 (%54.5),
HGSIL: 4 (%100), AGC: 2 (%33.3) idi. HPV 16 veya 18 pozitif olan hastalardan
anormal sitolojisi olanlarda, sitolojisi normal olanlara göre daha fazla CIN 2+
lezyon saptandı ve bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (48 (%32.4) vs
60 (%15.1) , OR:2.7 (1.74-4.2), p<0.001). Smear testi CIN 2+ lezyonların
60’ında (%55.6), invaziv kanserlerin ise 3 ‘ünde (%75) negatif olarak
raporlanmıştı .

Sonuç:
Sonuçlarımız HPV 16 veya 18 pozitif hastalarda sitoloji normal olsa bile
kolposkopik değerlendirme yapılması görüşünü desteklemektedir.
İntrauterin Gelişme Geriliği Olan Fetusların Doppler Akımları ile Doğumdaki Fetal Kan Ph Değerlerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: SUT Hasan , ARİNKAN Sevcan Arzu , DONMEZ Emin Erhan , MUHCU Murat
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Intrauterin
gelişme geriliği olan fetusların Doppler akımları ile doğumdaki kan pH
değerlerinin perinatal ve neonatal sonuçlar açısından değerlendirilmesi
amaçlandı.Materyal Method: Mayıs 2014 ve Ocak 2015 tarihleri
arasında intrauterin gelişme geriliği (IUGR) tanısı konan 32 hasta çalışmaya
alındı. Hastalar umblikal arterde akım kaybı olmayan (17 hasta) ve umblikal
arterde akım kaybı (11 hasta) veya ters akım olan (4 hasta) olmak üzere iki
gruba ayrıldı. Ayrıca 3 hastada duktus venosusta ters a dalgası mevcuttu.  Bulgular:
Umblikal
arterde akım kaybı olmayan grupta neonatal mortalite görülmezken, umblikal
arterde akım kaybı veya ters akım olan grupta %40 mortalite izlendi. Akım kaybı olmayan grubun doğum
ağırlıkları ortalaması (2118gr), patolojik akım grubundan (968 gr)
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek saptandı (p:0.001). Akım kaybı
olmayan grubun apgar 5.dk skor ortalaması (7,65), patolojik akım grubundan (6,27)
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek saptandı  (p:0.001). Akım kaybı olmayan grubun yeni
doğan yoğun bakım ünitesine yatış süreleri (6,58 gün), patolojik akım grubundan
 (39,93 gün) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
düzeyde düşük bulundu (p:0.001). Akım kaybı olmayan grupta baz açığı
ortalaması(-0,75), patolojik akım grubundan (-5,76) istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı düzeyde yüksek saptandı (p:0.004). Akım kaybı olmayan grubun pH
ortalaması (7,33), patolojik akım grubundan (7,24)  yüksek saptandı (p:0.016).

Sonuç:  İntrauterin gelişme geriliği olan fetusların
takibinde ve doğum zamanlamasında  Doppler
ultrasonda umblikal arter ve ductus venosus ölçümleri güvenle  kullanılabilir. İntrauterin gelişme geriliği
olan fetuslar duktus venosusta a dalgası kaybı olmadan doğurtmak gerekmektedir.
Plasental Anjiogenezde Rol Alan Genlerin Gestasyonel Diyabeti Olan Gebelerde DNA Metilasyon Profilleri
Authors: ÖNDER Fatma Selcen , ORAL Baha
Published: October 2018

AMAÇ: Gestasyonel diyabet için erken tanı
ve tedavi modalitelerinin geliştirilememesinin nedeni etiyopatolojilerinin
aydınlatılamamış olmasıdır. Bu patolojilerde plasentanın rolünü tanımlamak
önemlidir. Plasenta genetik ve epigenetik faktörlerin etkisinde fetal gelişimi
belirler.DNA metilasyonu değiştirilebilir
epigenetik mekanizmalardandır. Günümüzde tanı ve tedavi amaçlı
kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmamızda GDM (Gestasyonel Diyabet) gebelerde, plasental
anjiogenezde etkili genlerden VEGF(Vaskuler Endotelyal Büyüme Faktörü), PIGF(Plasental
Büyüme Faktörü) ve sFLT-1(soluble fms like tirozinkinaz)’nin DNA metilasyon
değişiklikleri değerlendirilecektir.MATERYAL VE METOD: 2016-2017 tarihlerinde Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi
Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Bölümü’nden takipli; 15 GDM tanılı ve 17 sağlıklı
gebeden plasental örnekler alınmıştır. DNA metilasyon düzeyleri ‘Yeni Nesil
Sekanslama’ ile belirlenmiştir. Verilerin dağılımlarına göre Manny Whitney U
analizi; veriler arasındaki ilişkiler için Spearman korelasyon analizi
kullanılmıştır.BULGULAR: Genlerin metilasyon oranları ile yaş, gebelik haftası, bebeğin
cinsiyet ve ağırlığı arasında ikililer arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmamıştır(p>0.05).
Plasenta ağırlığı artarken sFLT-1 geninin P92186.Pozisyondaki promoter
metilasyon düzeyinin azaldığı görülmüştür. PIGF geninin metilasyon değerlerinde
gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamaktadır. sFLT 1 geninin bölgesel
analizlerine göre P92186. , P92344. , P92456. pozisyonlarındaki primer noktalarının
hipometile; VEGF geninin bölgesel analizlerine göre P92668. , P92710. , P92863.
pozisyonlarındaki primer noktalarının hipermetile olduğu saptanmıştır. 

SONUÇ: Bulgularımız literatürle uyumludur ve anjiogenezde etkili
genlerin bazı lokuslarındaki DNA metilasyon değişimlerinin GDM patogenezindeki
yerine katkı sağlamıştır. Ancak prediktif değere ulaşılabilmesi için, geniş
hasta gruplarıyla yapılacak genom çalışmaları ile ilgili gen bölgeleri
netleştirilmelidir.
İnfertil çiftler için tek veya çift intrauterin inseminasyon (IUI): Çift IUI klinik gebelik oranlarını artırır mı?
Authors: BARUT Mert Ulaş , SAK Sibel , BUDAK Özcan , ÇELİK Hakim , AĞAÇAYAK Elif , SAK Muhammet Erdal
Published: October 2018

ÖZETAmaç: Bu
pilot çalışmada, çoklu foliküler gelişimi olan kontrollü ovarian
hiperstimülasyon (KOH) sikluslarında çift intrauterin inseminasyon (IUI)'nin
etkinliğini göstermeyi amaçladık. Yöntemler:Tersiyer
bir merkezde Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Kliniğinde Mart 2017
ile Mart 2018 tarihleri arasında yardımcı üreme teknikleri (YÜT) merkezinde IUI
programına alınan 20 ile 35 yaş aralığında  38 hastaya hCG
yapılmasından  sonra  18. ve 36. saatte  2 kez IUI 
yapılmış ve kontrol grubu olarak 22 ile 35 yaş aralığında  32 hastaya  
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) yapıldıktan sonra  36. saatte 1
kez  IUI 
yapılmıştır. Toplam 70 hastanın mevcut kayıtlardan hasta ile ilgili
demografik özellikler; Yaş, kilo, boy, daha önceki  gebelik öyküsü (gravide, parite), öyküsünde
sigara alışkanlığı, hastaların  adetin üçüncü gün  hormon düzeyleri [ follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Estradiol (E2)],  Prolaktin,
Anti-Müllerian
hormone (AMH), antral folikül sayısı
(AFC), infertilite tipi ve süresi kayıt  edildi.Bulgular:Çalışmada,
nisan 2017-mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında toplam 70 infertil hasta dahil edildi.
 Bunların 32 (%45.7)’sinin  1 kez
IUI yapılmış grubunda iken, 38’i (%54.2) 2 kez IUI yapılmış grubunda olduğu
izlendi.İki gruptaki kadınların HCG günü dominant  Follikül sayısı
>15mm değerleri  bakımından median
değerleri incelendiğinde, çalışma grubundaki 2.0(1-3), kontrol grubundakilerin
ise 2.0(1.0-3.0) olarak bulundu (P=0.139).İki
gruptaki kadınların Klinik gebelik oranı(%) değerleri  bakımından
değerleri incelendiğinde, çalışma grubundaki %21.05, kontrol grubundakilerin
ise %18.75  olarak bulundu (P=0.812). Sonuç:

Bu
çalışmada  KOH ile  ovülasyon
indüksiyonu  sonrası 
intrauterin  inseminasyon
 yapılan olgularda  tek ve çift  IUI 
yapılmasının  klinik gebelik oranları arasında anlamlı bir  fark olmadığı gözlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla
  intrauterin 
inseminasyon  yapılan olgularda
maliyet göz önünde tutularak  sonuçları
hastayla paylaşmak gerekir.