bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
المستوى الدلالي في رسائل الزرزوريات
Authors: رزيج ستار , عبـــد سعـد
Published: June 2023

الاستعارة والرمز والفصل والوصل هي أنموذجـــــــً لأهم الأسس الدلاليــــة التـــي أنمازت بها رسائل الزرزوريات ,فشكلت محوراً أسلــــــوبياً ينضمُ إلى بقية المحاور الأخــرى, يكشف لنا  أسلـــوب

كتّابها في إتقان فن السخرية والفكاهة , وما ينطوي خلفها من رمزية في تــــــوظيف لمسميـــــات هذه

الطيور , وماتمثله الطبيعة بكل تفاصيلها  للكاتب الأندلســـي في كونها ملهماُ ومتنفساً له .
Rejection strategies in American political debates: A Pragma- linguistic Study
Authors: Al Mayahi Sameer , Al Hassnawi Hussein
Published: June 2023

This study attempts to investigate the strategies of rejection in the arena of political debates. The main challenge in dealing with rejection strategies pragmatically lies in the idea that rejection is divided into two types: Explicit or Implicit. As such, the study tries to identify the main implicit pragma-linguistic strategies of rejection that the American debaters employ in arguments with their opponents. Furthermore, it highlights  these indirect strategies of rejection that have been utilized more frequently by American debaters so as to serve their political agendas. Moreover, the study pinpoints the stage at which the rejection process takes place.

Thus, the qualitative study uses an eclectic model primarily based on previous studies conducted in the field of argumentation ( Van Eemeren & Grootendrorst, 2018) to investigate rejection strategies. The study has been concluded that American debaters more frequently employ offensive than defensive tactics to defend their positions and reject those of their opponents. As a result, they make an effort to discredit the opinions of their opponents in a variety of ways such as accusations, insulting, criticizing, denial, and condemning. Moreover, It has been noted that the process of rejecting a standpoint is initiated within the developing stage. Thus, the developing stage can be viewed as the essence of argumentation in which viewpoints are defended or rejected.
Self- representation in Biden's Speech on Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Rhaif Bashaer , Obaid Azhar
Published: June 2023

The current study is A critical  Discourse  Analysis to the Self-representation in Joe Biden's speech ''On fighting the COVID-19 pandemic''. The problem of study lies in the scarcity of the studies that tackle the self-representation in Biden's speeches about the Covid-19 rescue plan. The study attempts to answer the  following question: what are the self-representation  strategies used by Biden ''on fighting the COVID-19 pandemic'' . It has hypothesized that certain self-representation strategies are adopted on three levels of analysis: the meaning level, the argumentative level and the rhetorical level ,moreover each level involves more frequently used strategy than the other strategies. It also aims at figuring out the positive  self-representation strategies used by Biden as well as identifying the most frequent strategy  and the least one in each level. The study has adopted an eclectic model which is amalgamation of two of Van Dijk's models (2000 and 2006). The study conducts qualitative and quantitative analyses. Finally, the study concludes that, to represent himself positively during the ‘'COVID-19 pandemic'', the president of USA uses the following strategies of self-representation which are: :"actor description", "lexicalization", "national self-glorification'', "victimization", "generalization" ,"evidentiality'' , "populism", "burden", "reasonableness", "comparison", "metaphor", "repetition", ''hyperbole'' and ''number game . Moreover ,the quantitative analysis demonstrates that , among meaning , argumentation and rhetoric levels ,the most frequently used strategy is ''actor description'' whereas the least one is '' national self-glorification''
حقيقة الوضع عند الأصوليين الشيخ النائيني أنموذجاً
Authors: حيدر ياسر
Published: June 2023

تناول هذا البحث عنوان (حقيقة الوضع عند الأصوليين) من خلال مقدمة وخمسة مطالب, تناولت في المقدمة فضل العلم واهمية العلم واهمية القواعد الأصولية, ومدى حاجة الفقيه له في الشريعة الإسلامية, مع ذكر أهم موضوعات البحث, أمّا المطلب الأول فمعنى الوضع, وفي المطلب الثاني تناولنا كلمات بعض العلماء في الوضع، وفي المطلب الثالث العلاقة الوضعية، اما المطلب الرابع في الوضع, والمطلب الخامس في الفائدة, وانهيت هذا البحث بخاتمة اشتملت على عدة نقاط في محتوياتها لأهمّ ما انتهى إليه البحث.
الـجملة المنسوخـة بـإن وأخواتهـا في سـورة الـروم دراسة إحصائية تحليلية
Authors: عبدالكريم صلاح
Published: June 2023

تعـد أهـمية هـذا الموضوع  بأن دراستـه تتعـلق بـأشرف كـتاب, وهـو يتنـاول موضوعـاً يعـد أسـاساً فـي النحـو العـربي مـن جهـة وأنه يتناول الجمـلة المنسوخـة بـ( إن وأخـواتها ) بالـدراسة والتطبيـق؛ إذ أن فهـم الـنصوص جمـيعها يعـتمد على أنـماط الجملـة, ودراسـة الجملة سواء ( إن وأخواتها ) أو الجملة  بصورة عامة من الدراسات التي لم تـنل حـظها من الشرح والتفصيل في كثير من أمـات كتب النحـو، ويعد هذا الـبحث جانباً تأصيليـاً لجملة ( إن وأخواتها ).

      ولهذا فإن كل الـدراسات النحوية الموجهـة نحو الـقرآن الـكريم قد اتخـذت أشكـالاً متعـددة بالقدر الذي أتاحته الرغبـة في تقعيد مسائل النحو على نهج الـقرآن الكـريم .
الأنساق الثقافية وصراع المرجعيات في نقائض المثلث الأموي (جرير ، الفرزدق ، الأخطل)
Authors: ميرقادري سيد فضل الله , كياني حسين , عربي موسى , خطيبي علي
Published: June 2023

تنطلق هذه القراءة بالاعتماد على فكرة النسق الثقافي، الذي يعدّ بدوره أهم آلية من آليّات النقد الثقافي. كما تحاول هذه الدراسة الكشف عن الأنساق الثقافية المضمرة المختبئة وراء الجماليات الفنية في نقائض المثلث الأموي(جرير، الفرزدق ، الأخطل)، والدخول في قراءة تتجاوز حدّ البحث عن العناصر الجمالية والفنية، للبحث عن الأنساق الثقافية المتجذّرة فيه وعن الخلفيات الفكرية والإيديولوجية التي تقف وراءه والصراع الإنساني والوجودي الناتج عنه.

 يقوم هذا البحث على قراءة أنساق الصراع الوجودي الإنساني في نقائض المثلث الأموي، في ضوء دراسة نصية تتخذ من الأنساق الظاهرة والمضمرة وسيلة تعبير عن ذات الشاعر المتصارعة، معتمدين على قراءة جديدة للنص الشعري لدراسة أبرز الأنساق الظاهرة والمضمرة خلف بنية النص لإبراز ثقافة الشاعر الحاضرة في أعماق الخطاب الأدبي، مقسّمين البحث على ثلاثة ثنائيات ضدية، تتحدد تحت عنوان : النسق الواحد والمتعدد، نسق الواقعية والمثالية، نسق المركزي واللامركزي.

 وقد توصّل البحث، بعد دراسة نقائض المثلث الأموي (جرير، الفرزدق ، الأخطل) دراسة فاحصة ومتأنّية أن النسق السلطوي  والحاضن الثقافي المتمثّل في البلاط كان العامل الرئيسي الذي يقف وراء هذه الصراعات الشعرية والفنية وكان صراع الأنساق من أجل الحطّ من الخصم والاقتراب من السلطة الذي حاول التخفّي تحت غطاء الفنّي والجمالي.
Correlação entre ressonância magnética multiparamétrica com escore PI-RADS V2 com análise anatomopatológica de pacientes submetidos à biópsia prostática
Authors: Luã Leocovick  , BALESTRERI TREVISOL JOÃO VICTOR , Antônio Fantin Gustavo , Mauro Antônio Dall Agnol  , Paulo Fernando Caldas
Published: June 2023

O rastreamento do câncer de próstata é feito com base na suspeita clínica e pelo antígeno PSA, que, quando alterados, direcionam o paciente para a realização da biópsia prostática. O uso da ressonância magnética multiparamétrica (RNMmp) com método PI-RADS v2 auxiliam na maior precisão da biópsia. O objetivo deste estudo é comparar resultados da análise de ressonância magnética multiparamétrica baseado no sistema PIRADS v2 com análise anatomopatológica de pacientes submetidos à biópsia prostática. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, observacional, analítico, de tipo retrospectivo. Foi feita a análise dos resultados anatomopatológicos de biópsias de próstata de 60 pacientes submetidos previamente à RMNmp, no período de janeiro de 2017 a janeiro de 2019. A média de idade dos 60 pacientes foi 62,9 ± 10,0 (41-86), 45 deles (75%) apresentaram níveis de PSA maior ou igual a 4 ng/ml e em 15 pacientes (25%) o antígeno era menor que 4 ng/ml. A sensibilidade do PSA nesse estudo foi de 100% e sua especificidade foi de 28,8%. Foram analisados 60 laudos de biópsias prostáticas na qual sua distribuição exibiu 34 (56,6%) sem alterações correspondentes a tumor clinicamente significativo, os outros 26 pacientes (43,3%) apresentaram alteração. A sensibilidade e especificidade da RNMmp com o sistema PI-RADS v2 em detectar tumores foi de 75% e 80,7% respectivamente. Foi demonstrado nesse estudo que utilizar RNMmp com sistema PI-RADS v2 foi eficiente em estimar tumores clinicamente significativos e auxiliar na conduta médica.Palavras-chave: Câncer de próstata; Ressonância magnética; Biópsia.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS EXPOSURE AND RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS AMONG BUS DRIVERS IN A MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY
Authors: Khairi Anuar Muhammad Haikal , Jalaludin Juliana , Suhaimi Nur Faseeha
Published: June 2023

Bus drivers are continuously exposed to air pollutants such as particulate matter while working; hence, they have a high risk for respiratory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the associations of exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) inside campus transit buses with respiratory symptoms among bus drivers. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among 38 bus drivers as the exposed group and 38 office workers as the comparative group at a Malaysian public university. Indoor air monitoring was performed for 8 hours using SidePak Personal Aerosol Monitor, DustTrak II Aerosol Monitor, and Air Quality Monitor, while background information and self-reported respiratory symptoms were obtained using an adapted American Thoracic Society (ATS-DLD-78-A) questionnaire. Air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10 and NO2) exposure between both groups was significantly different at p<0.05. The exposed group had higher odds of getting cough (OR=2.5), chronic cough (OR=2.2) and chronic phlegm (OR=4.6) than the comparative group. Moreover, there were significant associations between PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations with cough (OR=2.2), chronic cough (OR=2.2), and chronic phlegm (OR=2.2). Meanwhile, only cough was significantly associated with NO2 (OR=2.4). Multiple logistic regression showed that the main predictor for cough was PM2.5 (OR=3.2), for chronic cough was PM10 (OR=5.0), and for chronic phlegm was work duration (OR=1.3). In short, the exposed group was exposed to higher concentrations of air pollutants than the comparative group, leading to a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms among the bus drivers. These findings provide important evidence for future programs to improve the air quality in buses. It is recommended that the indoor air quality inside the bus should be monitored periodically to ensure the drivers and the passengers are not exposed to air pollutants above the permissible limit.
Teaching Approaches and Student Engagement in Secondary Schools in Arua City, Uganda
Authors: Onzi Siraji Hamimu , Mugizi Wilson , Rwothumio Joseph , Mugenyi Disan Kutesa
Published: June 2023

This study examined the relationship between teaching approaches and student engagement in secondary schools in Arua City, Uganda. Specifically, the study examined the relationship between constructivist teaching approaches and behaviourist teaching approaches with student engagement. This study adopted a correlation analysis as the basis for determining whether there was a relationship between the study variables. Data were collected from a sample of 341 students using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling were used to analyse data. Descriptive results revealed that while students’ engagement was moderate, teachers’ use of the constructivist approach was lower than student-centred approaches. Structural equation modelling using SmartPLS results revealed that constructivist teaching approaches positively and significantly predicted student engagement, while behaviourist teaching approaches negatively significantly predicted student engagement. This study concluded that the constructivist teaching approach promotes student engagement, and behaviourist teaching approaches do not enhance student engagement. It was therefore recommended that teachers should emphasise using constructivist teaching approaches, and teachers have to reduce the use of behaviourist teaching approaches. This article will be of value to both researchers and policymakers in the education sector in Uganda as it identifies appropriate teaching approaches that enhance the effective engagement of students. Therefore, it might inform policy-making on curriculum development and further research
Perancangan Website Kampanye Daur Ulang Sampah dengan Pendekatan Gamifikasi
Authors: Santoso Alexandra Ruth , Kurniawati Lutfi , Amanda Jessica , Onggowarsito Everine Joanna
Published: June 2023

Permasalahan tentang banyaknya sampah dan dampaknya terhadap lingkungan sudah banyak dibahas dan berbagai macam kampanye sudah sering dilakukan. Ditambah lagi sejak adanya pandemi COVID-19, jumlah sampah yang dihasilkan terus bertambah. Komunitas Sobung Sarka di Jember ingin juga turut serta untuk mengkampanyekan hidup minim sampah dan memberikan edukasi tentang mendaur ulang sampah. Pendekatan kampanye secara gamifikasi dengan media website dilakukan untuk menarik minat anak muda agar mau ikut serta dalam berkarya. Dengan metode design thinking, perancangan website kampanye dieksplorasi dan dievaluasi. Rancangan kampanye Trashicous dengan gamifikasi mendapatkan respon positif dan prototipe website juga berhasil menarik minat anak muda.
Japanese Directive Speech
Authors: Widari Kadek , Yaniasti Ni Luh
Published: June 2023

Language in role as a means of communication could result in relationships between speakers of to said. The use of language in the process of communication is very important, because community life is made possible by speech. Speechs are used to information of ideas, intentions directly or indirectly. Speech act serves to declare mean it is speakers by speech partners of said. Directive speech is the type of a speech that used by speakers of to send the speech partner said do something. The use of directive speech in conveying a speech should look factors affecting the speech. The porpuse in this research was to identify the directive speech acts and factors that affect the level of politeness. The method in this research used qualitative method with descriptive analysis method. The theory in this research used were speech act theory by Yule and politeness theory by Mizutani. The results of the analysis, the forms of directive speech acts contained in the comic Ore wo Suki Nano wa Omae dake kayo are 1) directive speech acts of command marked by tamae and nasai, 2) directive speech acts of requests marked by te kure, naide kure, te kudasai, tte, te, and te hoshii; 3) the directive speech act of an invitation is marked with mashou; 4) directive speech acts of permission marked by te mo ii and 5) directive speech acts of suggestions marked with houga ii. Directive speech is influenced by several factors, namely: 1) familiarity factor; 2) age; 3) social relationship; 4) gender and 5) situation.
Analysis of Student Activeness Before the Covid-19 Pandemic and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Asis T  , Sukarlinawati Wayan
Published: June 2023

The learning process has changed globally due to the Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world. The learning process that used to be carried out face-to-face in the classroom turned into online learning (in the network) due to social restrictions to prevent the spread of the covid-19 virus. The online learning process is assisted by applications such as whatsapp, google classroom, zoom meeting, google meet and other applications. Of course this affects the way of learning and the difficulty of adapting to technology, especially at the elementary school level and has an impact on student activeness in the learning process. Seeing this situation, research is needed to examine this matter. The purpose of this study is to determine student activeness in learning before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic at UPT SD Negeri 1 Amparita. The method used is descriptive research. The population in the study were all students at UPT SD Negeri 1 Amparita as many as 172 students, while the sample in this study were 89 students with non probability sampling technique. The research data were obtained by distributing questionnaires and supported by activity documentation. The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive statistical analysis technique. Based on the results of descriptive analysis, the data obtained shows that student activeness in the learning process before the COVID-19 pandemic at UPT SD Negeri 1 Amparita is more effective than student activeness in the learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic at UPT SD Negeri 1 Amparita.
Enhancing student creativity and scientific literacy through virtual lab learning
Authors: Susanti Indra Dami , Ishafit
Published: June 2023

The choice of teaching materials and methods used with students is ineffective, which prevents students from receiving meaningful learning experiences. In this learning process, student activity is crucial to ensure that students receive meaningful learning experiences, are able to think critically and creatively, and are especially literate in science regarding the concept of induction. This study uses a virtual lab on the idea of magnetic induction to encourage students' creativity in their scientific literacy learning. This sort of research employs a cooperative learning model in the experimental class and a traditional learning model in the control class in a quasi-experimental design. Data were gathered using the pretest approach for students' creativity in terms of scientific literacy and the posttest method for students' knowledge of science after four meetings, where there were 20 multiple-choice items and 10 isay questions. MANOVA analysis was used to analyze the data. SPSS Multivariate Because the dependent variable in this study is quantitative (numeric) and the independent variable is qualitative, Mancova is used (categorical). The significance value for the multivariate p-value table is therefore 0.000. Ho is automatically rejected since the significant figure at the 95% confidence level is 0.000 0.05. The SPSS output findings reveal a substantial difference between studying electromagnetic induction content with and without the use of a virtual lab. While practical activities give students first-hand experience, learning using virtual lab aids can enhance students' creative thinking and scientific literacy. The induction electric motion practicum helps students better understand the concepts of the physics course. Students learn how to be more active and search for information through practicum activities using the PHET clorado virtual lab (phet clorado). Through this activity, the electromagnetic induction practicum learned will be more focused, and it can improve students' creativity and scientific literacy
Efek hipoglikemik cookies campuran tepung suweg dengan tepung garut
Authors: Henricus Totok Yulianto  , Dwiyati Pujimulyani  , Wisnu Adi Yulianto
Published: June 2023

From 7.0% in 2007, to 6.9% in 2013, to 8.5% in 2018, and even to 21.3 million in 2030, the frequency of people with diabetes mellitus increases by 5.7% annually. In order to create mixed cookies with a low glycemic index that panelists prefer, this research mixes suweg flour and arrowroot flour. In this procedure, prepared and unprepared treatments are both used. Chemical properties (moisture content, protein content, total sugar content, and starch content), resistant starch (RS) flour, the amount of fiber in mixed cookies, the level of cookie choice among panelists, and volunteer blood glucose levels were all examined. to calculate the glycemic index of the biscuits. Based on a study of blood glucose levels in connection to the glycemic index, the sample cookies were rated as having a low GI (55) and had a glycemic index between 54.68 and 31.40. These cookies are a suitable diabetic diet food because they have a low glycemic index (55), resistant starch, and an adequate quantity of dietary fiber
Criaturas empíricas en un mundo normativo
Authors: Moral Soriano Leonor
Published: June 2023

El interés de la ciencia jurídica por la irrupción de tecnologías de inteligencia artificial parece centrarse en las ilimitadas capacidades e innumerables aplicaciones que tienen en el derecho. Esta contribución quiere revelar los límites de la IA en el derecho y sostener que la IA es una criatura empírica en un mundo normativo (el del derecho). Para ello, me centraré en un aspecto nuclear del derecho: la argumentación jurídica. En concreto analizaré el uso de sistemas de toma de decisiones automatizada en la motivación de actos administrativos. El objeto de estudio debe ser abordado desde el derecho administrativo como sistema normativo y desde la teoría de la argumentación jurídica como marco conceptual para la aplicación del derecho. El objetivo de este marco teórico no es asimilar la IA a normas jurídicas o encontrar su acomodo en el sistema normativo, sino reivindicar que el contenido normativo (práctico, de deber ser) del razonamiento jurídico determinará el uso que hagamos de la IA.
On the Distribution of Neutral Tone in Southern Min: LCC and Beyond
Authors: Liu Roger Cheng-yen , Hsieh Feng-fan , Chang Yueh-chin
Published: June 2023

The aim of this paper is to address an often-overlooked topic in Southern Min tonology: neutral tone. We show that the tone sandhi domain in Southern Min is not always isomorphic with an XP in syntax or a phonological phrase. In fact, this domain may be smaller than what has been predicted, as evidenced in the phrase-final functional morphemes as well as in the rhythmic effect. We propose that the tone sandhi domain in Southern Min is defined by a constituent Tone Sandhi Domain (TSD, τ) between the p-phrase and the p-word. A TSD is required to bear a final prominence, and only a p-word, mapped from a contentive or focused element in syntax, can be a “prominence-bearing unit.”
An Economy-based Amendment to Learning Hidden Structure with Robust Interpretive Parsing
Authors: Jou Eunsun
Published: June 2023

Robust Interpretive Parsing is a method of learning hidden structure with error-driven learning algorithms (Tesar and Smolensky 1998, 2000). When an algorithm makes an error while learning a word, it calculates what it considers to be the structural representation of the word (the “target parse”) and changes its grammar accordingly. Among potential directions of grammar change, it chooses the direction that best satisfies the current constraint ranking. However, this choice is problematic because the current constraint ranking is guaranteed to be erroneous: had it not been erroneous, an error would not have occurred in the first place. While this problem has been recognized conceptually by Jarosz (2013), there have not been demonstrations of the problem arising in actual learning simulations. I present evidence from new learning simulations that the choice of target parse based on constraint ranking can indeed lead to learning failure. I then suggest an alternative method of choosing the target parse. This method opts for the target which involves the least amount of rerankings to accommodate for. In other words, it rewards economical change. While this alternative method does not lead to drastic improvement of performance, it does result in more efficient convergence.
A prominence account of the Northern Mam weight hierarchy
Authors: Elkins Noah , Kuo Jennifer
Published: June 2023

Northern dialects of the Mayan language Mam have a ternary weight scale for assigning stress, with the added wrinkle that syllables with glottal codas are heavier than those with other coda types: VV > Vʔ > VC > V. This ranking is initially surprising under the currently accepted prominence theory of weight (Ryan 2019, 2020), where all codas are equally moraic in all contexts. However, a phonetic experiment undertaken by Kuo & Elkins (2022) on the Northern Todos Santos Mam variety shows that Vʔ (i.e. syllables with glottal codas) are realized as lengthened glottalized vowels without a [ʔ] release, with vowel length intermediate between that of V and VV. Consequently, the Mam hierarchy VV > Vʔ > VC falls out from the relative phonetic prominence of syllable types, consistent with Ryan’s account. In Ryan’s analysis, VV attracts stress away from VC because vocalic moras are more prominent than consonantal moras (enforced via the constraint VV→MAIN). We build on this analysis and propose that in Mam, Vʔ attracts stress away from VC because of its higher prominence. This result leads to a typological prediction, where differences in the phonological weight of Vʔ and other VC should fall out from language-specific phonetic realizations of Vʔ.
Is Sour Grapes Learnable? A Computational and Experimental Approach
Authors: Prickett Brandon
Published: June 2023

In this paper, I present results from simulations using three different maximum entropy phonotactic models (Hayes & Wilson, 2008; Moreton et al., 2017): one that can only represent Sour Grapes, one that can only represent standard, attested harmony, and one that has the expressive power to capture both patterns. I then present results from an experiment designed to test the predictions of these models and find that humans behave most like the model that can capture both generalizations—challenging the idea that Sour Grapes is categorically unlearnable.
How morphological is Hungarian vowel harmony?
Authors: Rebrus Péter , Szigetvári Péter , Törkenczy Miklós
Published: June 2023

There is a significant degree of phonological indeterminacy in front/back harmony in Hungarian (HVH), which manifests itself in lexical variation and/or vacillation. Harmonic behaviour in the zone of variation strongly supports the hypothesis that harmonic classes which individual roots belong to are organized as a paradigmatic system, very similar to inflectional classes. Such lexically determined declension classes are required independently of vowel harmony to account for various other lexically conditioned alternations in Hungarian, e.g., the alternations involving linking vowels in suffixes and yod in 3rd person possessives. A further evidence for the morphologisation of HVH is a paradigm uniformity effect, Harmonic Uniformity, which reduces harmonic uncertainty by making a stem’s harmonic behaviour predictable from that of its root. Thus, HVH is determined by morphology (paradigmatic classes and paradigm uniformity) in addition to (and sometimes overriding) phonology.
A dynamic neural field model of leaky prosody: proof of concept
Authors: Shaw Jason Anthony , Tang Kevin
Published: June 2023

Recent work has shown that lexical items come to take on the phonetic characteristics of the prosodic environments in which they are typically produced, a phenomenon referred to as "leaky prosody". Focusing on pitch patterns in Mandarin, we show that leaky prosody can be derived from a flat (i.e., non-transformational, non-optimizing) model of speech production. Formalized using Dynamic Field Theory, in our model, lexical, phonological, and prosodic inputs each exert forces on a Dynamic Neural Field representing pitch. Notably, the forces exerted by these inputs reflect surface distributions in a large corpus of spontaneous speech. Our simulations showed that the flat model derives the short timescale effect of prosodic prominence on pitch production as well as the longer timescale effect of leaky prosody. By updating lexical items based on surface phonetic form, words that are consistently produced in high/low prosodic prominence positions take on the phonetic characteristics of those environments.
The Segment Status of the Mandarin Glide: A Language Game Experiment
Authors: Fu Boer
Published: June 2023

The acquisition of a phonological grammar requires the segmentation of an utterance into individual consonants and vowels as a first step, yet it is often taken as a given. I show that segmentation is not a trivial problem by drawing evidence from Mandarin Chinese, where the shortage of morphophonological processes leads to ambiguity in the segmentation of prenuclear glides. I present two language game experiments, in which Mandarin speakers are asked to disassemble syllables in their language, thus revealing their segmental structure. The task, based on fanqie secret languages, involves taking a disyllabic word and swapping its two onsets, in order to form a codeword. What the speaker does with the glide informs us on how they have segmented the sound. A key finding of the experiments is that /j/ is more likely to be treated as an independent segment after non-palatal onsets, compared to palatal ones. Speaker variation, both interspeaker and intraspeaker, is observed. Nevertheless, Mandarin speakers converge on three distinct types.
Idiosyncratic Hiatus Resolution: An Argument for Gradient Harmonic Grammar
Authors: Hsu Brian , Smith Caitlin
Published: June 2023

This paper discusses implications for generative theories of phonological idiosyncrasy, based on two vowel reduction patterns exhibited in Palauan. First, the process involves multiple degrees of idiosyncrasy; in cases of stress shift, vowels may surface faithfully, reduce to some unpredictable degree, or delete entirely. Second, the process involves unpredictability with respect to the patterning of tautomorphemic vowels with respect to hiatus resolution. We show that Palauan vowel reduction and hiatus resolution receive a parsimonious analysis in Gradient Harmonic Grammar (Smolensky & Goldrick 2016), a weighted constraint system in which individual segments and features are specified for non-integer degrees of activity (i.e. presence) in input forms. By proposing that vowels in Palauan may be specified for distinct input activity values, we are able to capture the idiosyncratic patterning of individual vowels within these two processes.
CSR in Very Small Entities and Small Enterprises in the African Context: Overview and Modeling
Authors: Biwolé Fouda Jean
Published: June 2023

In line with the criticisms put forward in postcolonial and decolonial approaches, the literature on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Africa is marked by the absence of a CSR model that truly reflects the deployment of very small entities and small enterprises (VSESEs) on the continent. The purpose of this contribution is therefore to identify a CSR model based on the detailed entrepreneurial realities of VSESEs in an African context. Through observation of the practices of 12 Cameroonian VSESEs and the testimonials of their promoters, it appears that CSR in these small entities comes in three dimensions, depending on the target community: genealogical responsibility towards blood relations, geographic responsibility towards the local community, and spiritual responsibility towards those sharing the same beliefs. Each of these dimensions is characterized by underlying conciliation mechanisms, actions and practices, and distinct stakeholders.
Использование современных технологий в акушерской практике
Authors: Пернебекова У.А. , Исенова С.Ш. , Кабыл Б.К. , Нурланова Г.К. , Касенова А.Б.
Published: June 2023

Актуальность: Современные принципы ведения родов должны обеспечивать рождение живого и здорового ребенка, а также формировать позитивный опыт родов, что несомненно может влиять на количество родов и увеличение рождаемости населения. Подготовка к родам и качество их проведения существенно влияют на физическое развитие и здоровье ребенка. Одним из факторов риска возникновения повреждений мышц тазового дна является увеличение продолжительности первого и второго периода родов, стремительные роды. Имеются исследования, указывающие, что одним из методов укорочения длительности второго периода родов является акушерский гель, уменьшающий трение между влагалищем и плодом. Нами проводился анализ влияния акушерского геля на процесс и продолжительность родов.Цель исследования – изучить влияние акушерского геля на длительность активной фазы первого и второго периода родов, частоту травм мягких тканей родовых путей и оперативных вмешательств, состояние новорожденного.Материалы и методы: В исследовании участвовали 160 женщин, родивших в период с сентября по октябрь 2022 г. в Центре перинатологии и детской кардиохирургии г. Алматы, на клинической базе кафедры акушерства и гинекологии НАО «Национальный медицинский университет» имени С.Д. Асфендиярова» (Алматы, Казахстан). Участницы были разделены на следующие группы: основная группа (n=80), у которых использовался акушерский гель в 1 и 2 периодах родов, и группа сравнения (n=80) из женщин, у которых роды велись без использования акушерского геля.Результаты: Использование акушерского геля сокращало первый и второй этап родов у нерожавших, но не многоплодных женщин. Кроме того, значительное улучшение показателя APGAR за 5 минут наблюдалось у новорожденных, родившихся от женщин, которые использовали акушерский гель. Заключение: Акушерский гель безопасен для использования и способствует сокращению 1 и 2 периода родов, снижению травматизма матери и частоты оперативных родов и пособий, не оказывает отрицательного влияния на состояние новорожденного при рождении. Авторы считают, что применение акушерского геля во время родов нерожавших женщин может быть полезной клинической практикой и может иметь широкое применение в будущем.
Продолжительность приема фолиевой кислоты и риск гестационного сахарного диабета
Authors: Амирбекова Ж.Т. , Григорян Н.С. , Айдарханова Д.С. , Кидралиева А.Н. , Сайдазимова Ф.З.
Published: June 2023

Актуальность: Среди беременных, находящихся на учете по поводу беременности, распространен продолжительный прием фолиевой кислоты, что вызывает настороженность по поводу возможных побочных эффектов, как для матери, так и для плода.
Цель исследования – изучение связи между продолжительностью приема фолиевой кислоты и риском развития гестационного сахарного диабета (ГСД).
Материалы и методы: В данном проспективном исследовании приняли участие 147 беременных женщин со сроком гестации 16-18 недель, наблюдавшихся в Городской поликлинике №1 г. Караганда (Казахстан) в период с августа 2018 г. по апрель 2020 г. Взаимосвязь между приемом фолиевой кислоты, липидным профилем и риском развития ГСД была проанализирована с использованием моделей линейной и логистической регрессии.
Результаты: Частота ГСД у участников исследования составила 12,3%. Мы наблюдали U-образную зависимость между продолжительностью приема фолиевой кислоты и риском развития ГСД. У женщин, которые не принимали фолиевую кислоту и теми, кто принимал фолиевую кислоту в течение > 90 дней, частота развития ГСД была выше по сравнению с теми, кто принимал фолиевую кислоту в течение ≤ 60 дней. Более того, липидный профиль положительно коррелировал с длительностью приема фолиевой кислоты и риском развития ГСД.
Заключение: Данное исследование указывает на положительную связь между длительным приемом фолиевой кислоты, профилями липидов во втором триместре и риском развития ГСД. Необходимо проведение дальнейших исследований с большей выборкой пациентов различного возраста, ИМТ и паритета для проверки причинно-следственной связи и основных механизмов, влияющих на развитие ГСД.
IMPLEMENTASI APLIKASI PERPUSTAKAAN MINI MANDIRI AT-TAQWA URANGAGUNG SIDOARJO
Authors: Rahmawati Yunianita
Published: June 2023

Perpustakaan Mini Mandiri At-Taqwa didirikan untuk memberikan bahan bacaan pada warga perumahan Bhayangkara pada khususnya dan warga sekitar perumahan pada umumnya. Pendataan buku dan anggota dilakukan secara manual sehingga dibutuhkan suatu aplikasi pendataan buku secara otomatis sehingga dibuatlah aplikasi Perpustakaan Mini Mandiri At-Taqwa. Fitur aplikasi ini diantaranya Input Kategori Buku, Input Data Buku, Input Data Anggota, Input Data Petugas, Cari Data Buku, dan Laporan Buku. Aplikasi ini dapat membantu pencatatan dan pencarian data buku, anggota, dan petugas secara otomatis.
Pembentukan Dan Pelatihan Kader Pos Kesehatan Pesantren Imam Adz-Dzahabi Kabupaten Kampar
Authors: Firdaus
Published: June 2023

Islamic Boarding School Health Post (POSKESTREN) is one form of community-based health efforts in the Islamic boarding school environment. The Imam Adz-Dzahabi Islamic Boarding School, which is located in Tambang District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province, already has a health post, but its management has not been implemented. The purpose of this service activity is to increase the knowledge of Poskestren  managers and Santri Husada about the steps for establishing Poskestren, provide training in self-reflection surveys, and also provide training in the formulation of work programs. The socialization of Poskestren management and self-reflection survey training was well carried out in the presence of 33 participants, consisting of 3 Poskestren managers and 30 Santri Husada. There was an increase in participants' knowledge about the steps for establishing Poskestren. Participants can also practice self-reflection surveys and develop a program of Poskestren activities.
Finite element analysis of unreinforced masonry walls with different bond patterns
Authors: Wani Faisal Mehraj , Kodali Ruthviz , Reddy Vanga Amulya , Sowmya Devireddy , Bondada Abhishek , Reddy Semanth , Vemuri Jaya Prakash , Khan Mohd Ataullah
Published: June 2023

Masonry is the oldest building material, yet it is also the least understood due to the non-linear and composite nature of masonry, which consists of brick units, mortar, and unit-mortar contact. In this paper, the response of a two-dimensional masonry wall with a window opening subjected to an in-plane lateral pushover loading is simulated by varying the interface properties of brick such as crushing, elastic, cracking, and shear properties. The simplified micro-modeling technique with the Engineering Masonry model for bricks and linear stiffness properties for the interfaces in the bed and head joints is employed to investigate the geometric nonlinear behavior of the masonry wall. The pushover curves obtained from the numerical simulations indicate that there is a significant influence on the lateral load response of the wall due to elastic, crushing, and shear parameters while the cracking parameters have less impact on the ductile capacity of the structure. Moreover, the study is also extended to examine the effect of bond patterns such as English, Stretcher, Flemish, and Header bond with varied aspect ratios of 1,1.5 and 0.75. In all four bond patterns, it was observed that the walls with lower aspect ratios exhibited higher strength. Further, in comparison to the other bond patterns, walls with the Flemish bond pattern demonstrated higher strengths at both lower and higher aspect ratios.
WUJUD NASIONALISME DI MEDIA DIGITAL (ANALISIS TWEET TENTANG BAJU BATIK DI PUNCAK KTT G20)
Authors: Juniarti Gita , Prathama Nikolaus Ageng
Published: June 2023

Batik merupakan identitas kultural negara Indonesia. Pada November 2022, tepatnya ketika acara puncak penutupan KTT G20 di Bali, beredar foto di Twitter Perdana Menteri (PM) Inggris, Rishi Sunak; yang berdiri di dekat PM Kanada, Justin Pierre James Trudeau; Presiden FIFA, Gianni Infantio; Ketua Eksekutif Forum Ekonomi Dunia, Davos Klaus Martin Schwab; dan Menteri Perdagangan Indonesia, Zulkifli Hasan, yang menggunakan baju batik. Foto tersebut dipublikasi oleh tiga pekerja media di Inggris, yaitu Sophie Corcoran, Keean Bextie, dan Mahyar Tousi, disertai dengan cuitan yang menyindir baju Batik yang digunakan oleh mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan pendekatan kualitatif untuk menganalisis komentar para warganet di reply dari cuitan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warganet di Indonesia mengecam tiga pekerja media di Inggris tersebut karena mereka dinilai telah menyinggung Batik sebagai identita dari negara Indonesia. Dari ribuan komentar yang membalas cuitan tiga pekerja media di Inggris tersebut, tidak ada komentar yang mendukung cuitan mereka. Komentar didominasi oleh pertentangan dan kecaman dari warganet Indonesia, serta komentar netral yang menjelaskan tentang Batik sebagai warisan budaya di Indonesia. Tindakan dari warganet Indonesia di Twitter menunjukkan sikap nasionalisme dari tindakan bela negara dan cinta tanah air di tengah fenomena gempuran digital yang menimbulkan ancaman masuknya ideologi asing.
Theoretical and Numerical Study on The Effect of Ambient Temperature Towards Gas Dispersion in Indoor Environment using CFD approach
Authors: Zaffry Hadi Mohd Juffry  , Kamarulzaman Kamarudin  , Abdul Hamid Adom  , Muhammad Fahmi Miskon  , Abdulnasser Nabil Abdullah
Published: June 2023

The usage of harmful chemical gas and natural gas has been increasing rapidly which increase the risk of gas leakage incident to occur especially in the indoor environment. It is important to learn the gas dispersal behavior in order to mitigate the casualty caused by gas leakage. In addition, one of the factors that contribute to the dispersion of gas is temperature. This paper focuses to study the role of ambient temperature toward gas dispersion in an indoor environment by looking at the theoretical and numerical knowledge of gas diffusion's relationship with temperature. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been utilized to simulate gas dispersion at different ambient temperature levels in an indoor environment. This study released ethanol vapor to simulate gas dispersion at 5°C, 25°C, and 40°C of ambient temperature to observe the way gas distribute in the indoor environment. Both results from the theoretical calculation and simulation were compared. The result indicates that the gas diffusivity has an increment of 3.5% for every 5°C increment of the temperature. This causes the gas to diffuse rapidly in the warm air compared to the cool air. This paper also finds out that when the initial ambient temperature which is 5°C, was increased to 25°C and 40°C it causes the spread distance of the gas increased by 13.75% and 32.50% respectively.
Computational Study on the Influence of Duct on The Performance of Darrieus Hydro-Turbine
Authors: Dominic Laja Munggau  , Djamal Hissein Didane  , Sami Al-Alimi  , Yazid Abdullsameea Mohammed Saif  , Bukhari Manshoor
Published: June 2023

Hydropower is considered one of the most reliable, inexpensive and environmentally friendly sources of renewable energies and it is predicted to play a significant role in future sustainable energy systems. The straight-blade Darrieus turbine is receiving more attention as it is simple to build at an inexpensive cost. However, Darrieus turbines still have a lower efficiency as opposed to axial turbines. Therefore, in this study, the Darrieus turbine is equipped with a duct geometry in the center in order to enhance its conversion efficiency using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation technique. A 2D simulation model with NACA 663-018 airfoil profile is developed to perform the simulation in Ansys Fluent software while using the K-ω shear stress transport (SST) as the turbulence model. The computational simulations cover a parametric study based on the variation of the rotational speeds while keeping the upstream velocity constant. The performances are evaluated in terms of power, power coefficient, torque and torque coefficient. The simulation results showed that the power coefficient and torque coefficient were found to increase with the rotational speeds with the highest efficiency at the TSR of 2 and then decrease. A similar conclusion was drawn in terms of power and torque output. However, the maximum power coefficient and torque coefficient were about 54% and 27%, respectively.
Simulation Integrated Low Rank Coal Gasification SOFC Fuel Cell using Cycle Tempo: Energetic Analysis
Authors: Fajri Vidian  , Wiranda Satria Atmaja  , Ferdy Kurniawan  , Rahmad Aldy  , Taufik Arief  , Heni Fitriani
Published: June 2023

Coal is currently the primary source of fuel for electricity generation. However, the use of low-rank coal as fuel in fuel cell power plants is still relatively uncommon. This study focuses on the simulation of integrating low-rank coal gasification with Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) systems. This simulation was carried out in two modes. The first mode involves simulating the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell system with producer gas generated from the gasification of low-rank coal, which was directly inputted as SOFCs. Meanwhile, the second mode involves the simulation of a low-rank coal gasification system that was integrated with a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell system. These simulations were carried out with a constant parameter of the air-fuel ratio operation of gasification. Following this, the fuel cell operating parameters were varied in terms of the temperature, pressure, area, and current density of the cell. The obtained results indicated that modes 1 and 2 produced a similar amount of power. However, mode 1 was found to be twice as efficient as mode 2. The maximum power produced was around 34.5 MWe for both modes, with efficiency rates of 41.1% and 17% respectively.
A Simulation Method of 2D Steady Scalar Convection-Diffusion Flow on an Exponentially Graded Mesh
Authors: Aslam Abdullah
Published: June 2023

Owing to its fundamental nature, convection-diffusion flows are researched in a number of engineering, scientific, and aeronautical applications. The right meshing approaches are necessary for convection-diffusion simulations. Major meshes in computational fluid dynamics that are used to find the solutions to discretized governing equations include uniform, piecewise-uniform, graded, and hybrid meshes. Unintentionally applying the meshes might lead to poor solutions including numerical oscillations, over- or under-predictions, and lengthy computing time. Accentuating the effectiveness of exponentially graded mesh finite-difference scheme, this paper takes the simulation of a 2D steady scalar convection-diffusion into account. The problem was solved by assigning certain mesh expansion factor to the mesh according to Peclet number. The factor was determined based on its previously derived logarithmically linear relationship with low Peclet number. Based on the values of Peclet number and the source, eight groups of test cases are presented in this paper. It was found that given a Peclet and a mesh number, simulation error percentage was surprisingly constant regardless the source values. The rates of convergence for the scheme, however, were comparable with respect to source values. Uniform convergence rate was also found to be achievable in all test cases corresponding to Peclet number of interests. This work successfully assessed the validity range of the generalized logarithmically linear model between exponentially graded mesh expansion factor and Peclet number for the simulation.
Influence of Radiative Magnetic Field on a Convective Flow of a Chemically Reactive Hybrid Nanofluid over a Vertical Plate
Authors: Rajakumari Rammoorthi  , Dhivya Mohanavel
Published: June 2023

This study pitch into the three different types of hybrids nanofluids flow across a semi-infinite moving vertical plate exposed to the radiative magnetic field and are also implanted in a porous medium. The governing equations corresponding to the problem is a linear partial differential equation which are simplified by appropriate non-dimensional quantities and solved using Laplace transform technique. Exact general solutions for the dimensionless velocity and temperature, concentration fields as well as the accompanying skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are graphically derived. Increase in the parameters like permeability, Grashof number for heat and mass elevates the hybrid nanofluids velocity profile. When the magnetic parameter increases there is a retardation in the flow speed. Heat transfer rate slows down when the radiation increase. It reveals that Prandtl number lowers thermal boundary layer thickness. Intensification of chemical reaction lowering the concentration. Elevation of Schmidt number, accelerates the mass transfer. This study, also have a keen interest in determining which type of hybrid nanofluid provides the greatest enhancement in velocity and temperature.