bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF NUCLEATED RED BLOOD CELL (NRBC) COUNT USING A FULLY AUTOMATED HAEMATOLOGY ANALYZER VERSUS MANUAL COUNTING
Authors: Ahmed Tanweer , Mahmood Asad , Uddin Nasir , Robert Helen Mary , Ashraf Muhammad , Swati Usman Tahir
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate the performance of Nucleated RBC (NRBC) Count using a fully automated haematology analyzer versus manual counting.

Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Hematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, from Sep 2019-Jun 2020.

Methodology: Routine fresh whole blood samples were run on Sysmex XN-3000 automated haematology analyzer and 384 samples with results of ≥0.1% Nucleated red blood cells were included in this study. Manual NRBC counting was carried out twice on Leishman-stained peripheral blood smears from all 384 samples. Comparison between manual and automated nucleated red blood cell counting methods was statistically analyzed through linear regression analysis & coefficient correlation. The degree of agreement between two methods was analyzed through Bland-Altman plot. Finally, concordance between the two methods was also analyzed at 5 different ranges of nucleated red blood cells.

Results: Linear regression analysis revealed a (r2) value of 0.97. Regression equation was calculated as XN = 0.76MC ± 1.28, with 95% limits of agreement between ± 40.42% and -24.47%. A mean bias of 7.97% was demonstrated through Bland-Altman plot. Concordance analysis revealed a concordance rate of 93.74% (360/384). Nucleated red blood cell counting between two methods were more concordant when nucleated red blood cell counts were <200%.

Conclusion: Nucleated red blood cells counting by XN-3000 automated hematology analyzer is statistically comparable to manual nucleated red blood cell counting. We suggest that automated counting can be adopted in routine hematology laboratory as a replacement of manual NRBC counting.
OPERATIVE OUTCOMES IN THORACOSCOPIC-ESOPHAGECTOMY WITH TWO-LUNG VENTILATION IN PRONE POSITION
Authors: Baloch Ibrahim , Umair Bilal , Asghar Asif , Khan Muhammad Imtiaz , Hanif Muhammad Shoaib
Published: January 2022

Objective: To study the post-operative outcomes of two-lung ventilation in patients undergoing prone position thoracoscopicesophagectomy.

Study Design: Prospective comparative study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2019.

Methodology: A total of 60 patients operated for both groups of thoraco-esophagectomy in which 34 patients for TLV (two-lung ventilation) and 26 patients for One-lung ventilation were studied. Patients position was prone for Two-lung ventilation in Thoracoscopic-esophagectomy. Post-op blood loss, Hospital stay, duration of anesthesia and operative morbidity was calculated.

Results: A total of 60 patients underwent two-lung ventilation in prone position out of which patient of thoracoscopicesophagectomy were 34, while 26 underwent One-lung ventilation in semi-decubitus position thoracoscopic-esophagectomy. All of them were successfully performed without conversion to open thoracotomy. In the study with preparation span for anesthesia induction, mean time of mobilization of thoracic esophagus, mean blood loss during the thoracic mobilization phase, the mean Intensive care unit stay and total hospital stay in two-lung ventilation was less than one-lung ventilation (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The present study summarized the clinical outcomes of two-lung ventilation for thoracoscopic-esophagectomy operated patients. This study data showed that Two-lung ventilation intubation in prone position is better approach during the Thoracoscopic-esophagectomy.
CORRELATION OF BODY MEASUREMENTS AND EXERCISE WITH BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN LAHORE
Authors: Manzoor Iram , Mumtaz Aneeqa , Mushtaq Iqra
Published: January 2022

Objective: To find out correlation of body measurements and exercise with blood pressure among medical students in Lahore, Pakistan.

Study Design: Correlational study.

Place and Duration of Study: Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore, from May to Jul 2018.

Methodology: A sample of 332 students was recruited through simple random sampling technique. Resting blood pressure in sitting position along with body mass index of respondents were taken after informed consent.

Results: Mean age of respondents was 21.06 ± 1.53 years. Mean sitting systolic blood pressure was 117.5 ± 8.24mm Hg, Mean sitting diastolic blood pressure was 77.9 ± 7.05mm Hg. Significant association was found between weight and both Systolic (r=1, p≤0.00) and Diastolic (r=0.01, p=0.05) blood pressure. Height was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure (r=-0.004) and diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.07). Body mass index was also significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (r=1, p≤0.00) and diastolic blood pressures (r=0.14, p=0.00). Significant association is found between systolic blood pressure and exercise with number of days (r=-0.15, p=0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.11, p=0.00) and duration of exercise with systolic blood pressure (r=-0.13, p=0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.16, p=0.04).

Conclusion: Weight and Body mass index are positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Keywords: , , , .
FEEDBACK: DIFFERENT CONCEPTS AND PRACTICES IN A CULTURALLY DIFFERENT LEARNING ENVIRONMENT? STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS
Authors: Malik Ahsan , Kiran Faiza , Farooq Fareeha
Published: January 2022

Objective: To assess students’ perceptions of feedback, regarding its understanding, and practices in a traditional undergraduate dental curriculum in Pakistan, where feedback was not part of a formal curriculum as a structured entity.

Study Design: Qualitative-phenomenology.

Place and Duration of Study: Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad from Dec 2017 to May 2018.

Methodology: Purposive sampling was done, and data was gathered using semi-structured, group interview of 16 BDS students. Data was organized using qualitative software package Atlas.ti 8.0 and analyzed using thematic framework analysis.

Results: Feedback, though, being practiced by faculty, was not identify as feedback by students. They did not appreciate it as an essential skillset for learning and performance. Though, conceptions of students regarding this phenomenon varied, five emergent themes displayed the essence of the phenomenon in this learning environment: 1) understanding ‘feedback’ through participants’ response, 2) highly variant experiences of information exchange, 3) modes and forms of feedback, 4) factors affecting feedback and 5) methods achieving learning progression.

Conclusion: Our students were devoid of formally instituted feedback practices, so they were unable to identify it as ‘feedback’. Wide range of contradictory and many negative experiences of participants indicated that formal training in feedback and its systematic use might improve students’ experiences.Keywords: , , , , ,  .
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON MANAGEMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL MALIGNANCIES; A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Imran Maha , Anwar Muhammad Imran , Majid Haroon Javaid , Naseer Ahmad , Jameel Muhammad Aamir , Humayun Ayesha
Published: January 2022

The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread disruptions in the delivery of all essential and non-essential health care globally, with individuals afflicted with cancer representing a particularly vulnerable sub set of those affected. This article reviews the published literature and guidelines on the management of gastrointestinal malignancies during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide and summarizes the challenges posed, innovations made and outcomes of the various screening, diagnostic and therapeutic modalities employed during the period from March to December 2020.
EFFECT ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE BY LEARNING ONLINE THROUGH 3D ANATOMY ATLAS VERSUS 2D PRESENTATIONS
Authors: Haque Ayesha , Minhas Ruqqia Shafi , Faisal Tayyaba , Naseem Sajida , Ambreen Salma , Rafi Aisha
Published: January 2022

Objective: To assess the effect of using a 3-D atlas on academic performance and compare it with the use of power point presentations during online lectures for gross anatomy of the head.

Study Design: Comparative prospective study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Dental College, Heavy Industries Taxila Education City Institute of Medical Sciences, Taxila Pakistan, from Jun to Jul 2020.

Methodology: Forty-nine students from first year BDS were selected through nonprobability convenience sampling. They were assigned to two groups, A and B comprising of 25 and 24 students respectively. Group A was taught gross anatomy of head region via Zoom lectures employing a digital three-dimensional anatomy atlas application (Visual body, 2019). Group B was exposed to only two-dimensional pictures through presentations during their lectures. Ten teaching sessions were conducted with post session MCQ based assessments. One comprehensive assessment was conducted at the completion of the region. Results were compared for both groups.

Results: The mean scores for three of the post session assessment tests were higher for group A (15.72 ± 2.03, 15.28 ± 2.79, 16.92 ± 2.13) as compared to that of group B (14.64 ± 3.42, 13.66 ± 3.00, 15.04 ± 3.01) (p<0.05). Similarly, the mean score for comprehensive assessment for group A (35.36 ± 6.02) was also more than that of group B (31.41 ± 6.88) (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Three-dimensional viewing of structures led to better academic performance as compared to that of presentations with two dimensional pictures.
NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AND PAKISTAN’S SEHAT SAHULAT PROGRAM: A SNAPSHOT ANALYSIS OF READMISSIONS IN ISLAMABAD CAPITAL TERRITORY
Authors: Mashhadi Syed Fawad , Maroof Saira , Hisam Aliya , Masood Sumaira , Riaz Sonia , Malik Asmara Ahmed , Rifaq Faisal , Khan Shahzad Ali , Hafeez Assad
Published: January 2022

Objective: To examine the impact of 30-day hospital readmission for non-communicable diseases on limited health-care resources of a low-income country like Pakistan in the light of available data from Pakistan’s Sehat Sahulat Program.

Study Design: Retrospective analytical cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Health Services Academy, Islamabad Pakistan, from Jan 2016 to Jul 2020.

Methodology: Secondary data of patients readmitted with non-communicable diseases in Sehat Sahulat Program, Islamabad, Pakistan. Universal sampling technique was utilized. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 27.

Results: Islamabad (ICT) stands second highest for readmissions (n=1270) in which the 30-days readmission rate was 13.69%. Maximum number of readmissions were found in 50-59 years (344, 27.12%). Of 1270 ICT readmissions, 559 (44%) cases were readmitted with non-communicable diseases while rest of 711 (56%) cases were readmitted for acute infectious diseases or surgical procedures. Of 559 non-communicable diseases cases, 236 (42.21%) readmissions were having one non-communicable disease, 63 (11.27%) readmissions exhibited two or more non-communicable diseases and 260 (46.51%) were readmitted because of cancers (CA). Among males, the most common malignancy was CA lungs/ bronchus 24 (19.8%) while among females, CA Breast 80 (56.3%).

Conclusion: Non-communicable diseases represent a significant burden on resource constrained, low-income countries. In view of the recurrent admissions that these chronic diseases inevitably incur, better resource allocation may help lessen this burden on fragile health systems creating better clinical outcomes for the penurious strata of Pakistan’s population.
CLINICAL FEATURES AND OUTCOME IN CHILDREN WITH LANGERHANS CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS. A SINGLE INSTITUTION EXPERIENCE FROM PAKISTAN
Authors: Noor Nida , Wali Rabia Muhammad , Rehman Annis -Ur- , Bakar Muhammad Abu
Published: January 2022

Objective: To find out the clinical manifestations, treatment given and outcome of children with diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Study Design: Retrospective observational study.

Place and Duration of Study: Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from Jan 2005 to Dec 2015.

Methodology: Medical charts were reviewed in detail along with the available imaging for the patients. The data included age at the time of diagnosis, extent of the disease, involvement of risk organs, treatment given, response at 6th week of chemotherapy and at the end of the treatment, and outcome in terms of disease progression during the treatment, relapse of disease on follow up and cause of death either due to treatment related mortality or disease complications.

Results: There were 29 patients, 12 patients (41%) had single system and 17 (58%) had multisystem involvement. 7 patients (41%) had risk organ involvement in the multisystem group. All the patients of multisystem and 6 patients of single system were treated according to the Langerhans cell histiocytosis III protocol. Commonest sites of involvement were bone in 22 (75%), followed by lymph nodes in 18 (62%) patients. Disease relapse was seen in 6 patients and all of them had multisystem disease. Mortality was observed only in multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis patients and more than 50% were risk organ positive.

Conclusion: Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a highly heterogeneous disease. Some forms are curable without chemotherapy, while the multisystem disease requires aggressive treatment. However, despite intensive treatment, the multisystem disease and risk organs involved have poor...........
DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF MEASURING RETICULOCYTE MATURITY INDICES IN IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA
Authors: Ahmed Tanweer , Mahmood Asad , Uddin Nasir , Robert Helen Mary , Mahmood Rafia , Swatti Usman Tahir
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic significance of reticulocyte maturity indices in iron deficiency anaemia.

Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Hematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, from Sep 2019 to Jun 2020.

Methodology: A total of 340 children, ages between 1 and 5 years of either gender, were divided into two groups based on haemoglobin and ferritin level. Group A comprised of 203 children with haemoglobin >11 g/dL andferritin level >7 ng/ mL. Group B comprised of 137 children with haemoglobin <11g/dL and ferritin <7 ng/mL. Red blood cell and reticulocyte parameters were compared.

Results: Iron deficiency anaemia was found to be 37.6% in the study population. Comparison revealed that the children in groups B had significantly higher mean red cell distribution width (17.1 ± 1.3% vs. 13.3 ± 1.3%) and significantly lower hemoglobin (9.5 ± 1.0 g/dL vs. 12.7 ± 1.0 g/dL), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (21.8 ± 2.5 pg vs. 28.6 ± 2.3 pg), mean corpuscular volume (69.4 ± 3.5 fL vs. 80.4 ± 3.3 fL), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (31.5 ± 1.8 g/dL vs. 32.7 ± 1.6 g/dL) and serum ferritin level (4.5 ± 2.6 mg/mL vs. 55.9 ± 32.1 ng/mL). No significant differences in the mean total red blood cell count, hematocrit and reticulocytes between two groups were noted (p>0.05) and significant differences were noted in terms of low, medium & high fluorescence ratios in both groups (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that medium fluorescence ratio and high fluorescence ratio.......
EFFECT OF FINE PARTICULATE MATTER EXPOSURE ON TRIGGERING DEPRESSIVE-LIKE RESPONSE AND TOTAL BODY WEIGHT IN C57BL/6J MICE
Authors: Saleem Saima , Hamid Shabnam , Iram Maria , Jilani Abdul Basit , Umbreen Faiza , Zakria Iram
Published: January 2022

Objective: To study the effect of fine particulate matter exposure in instigating depressive-like response and total body weight changes in C57BL/6J mice.

Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with the Military Hospital, Rawalpindi and the National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, from Jun to Sep 2020.

Methodology: Thirty male and female C57BL/6 mice, 8 weeks of age, weighing 37 ± 2 gm were obtained from NIH, Islamabad. They were retained in separate cages in the animal house of NIH under standard laboratory conditions. The animals were divided into two groups, 15 mice in each group (8 males and 7 females) Group A was marked as control, received regular diet and water ad libitum. Group B (experimental group) received dynamic inhalation of 3 mg/m³ fine particles (soot) through air circulation for 6h/d for 12 weeks, in a plastic cabin measuring 2x2x2 feet fitted with two small fans for evenly distribution of PM. The initial and final weight of animals was recorded, and a tail suspension test was performed to assessdepression in form of immobility.

Result: The experimental group after exposure to fine particulate matter showed decreased activity and behavioural deficits with p-value <0.001 and loss in total body weight as compared to the control group with a p-value <0.001.

Conclusion: Fine particulate matter has a significant effect on behaviour and cognition. It also causes a decrease in the total body weight of animals due to stress and agitation.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS ASSESSMENT OF ORPHANAGE CHILDREN IN RAWALPINDI
Authors: Riaz Mehwish , Azam Naila , Mahmood Humaira , Asif Raima , Khan Nazish , Mughal Fatima Ali Raza
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate the health and nutritional status of the orphanage, to find frequency of nutritional deficiencies by physical examination findings and to assess their dietary intake and contrast it with individual recommended daily allowances.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Four orphanages of Rawalpindi, from Jan to May 2020.

Methodology: Study was conducted at four orphanages of Rawalpindi on 276 children and adolescents. Children and adolescents in age group of 5-18 years and if they are resident of institution for more than 60 months were included in the study, while children who were extremely sick and mentally retarded were excluded from the study. Data was collected through questionnaire including demographic information, anthropometric assessment, nutritional deficiencies on physical examination and 24 hours food recall. Data was analyzed on SPSS 24.

Results: Results showed that 34 (17%) children and adolescents were underweight, 99 (49.5%) stunted, 21 (10.5%) showed thinness and 9 (4.5%) were overweight. Most common nutrient deficiency was protein calorie malnutrition, Iron deficiency and vitamin A and B 12 deficiency. Study population was consuming less protein, Iron and fats in diet as compared to recommended daily allowances.

Conclusion: Institutionalized children and adolescents are at risk of developing malnutrition due to financial constraints and ignorance of caregivers, which can lead to ill health of children. Programs are required to be undertaken for nutritional development of the orphanage children.
CHANGE OF NAME BY A PSYCHOTIC PATIENT: IS IT MANIFESTATION OF A PSYCHOPATHOLOGY MISSED UNTIL NOW?
Authors: Zubair Usama Bin , Breen Eugene G , Shoaib Muhammad Shahbaz , Zubair Hamza Bin
Published: January 2022

We present a case of a 24-year-old woman who changed her name 3 years after the diagnosis of schizophrenia. She had recurrent thoughts of changing her name for over a year and described her feelings as terrible as if captured in a dark room. She also had obsessional thoughts regarding God talking to her, body image and size. Low self-esteem was a constant feature. The psychopathology of her name changing seemed to be meshed between normal desire, obsessional fixation, overvalued ideas of its benefit, and psychotic thought processes.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY OF ANTIBIOTIC-STEROID AND ICHTHAMMOL GLYCERINE WICK IN TREATMENT OF ACUTE OTITIS EXTERNA
Authors: Khan Maryam , Butt Kamran Ashfaq Ahmed , Riaz Naeem , Hassan Zaheer Ul , Ahmed Attique , Wasif Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare the efficacy of steroid antibiotic wick with Ichthammol Glycerol wick in the management of Acute Otitis Externa in terms of tenderness and clearance of discharge/debris.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: ENT Out Patient department of Combined Military Hospital Peshawar and Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, from May to Nov 2018.

Methodology: A total of 250 patients were included and divided into two groups of 125 each. After necessary suction clearance topical Ciprofloxacin/Dexamethasone (Cipotec-D) wick was placed in auditory canal of group A patients and topical Glycerol/Ichthammol wick was placed in group B. Follow up visits were done on 3rd and 7th day of starting the treatment.

Results: Group A patients responded better in terms of tenderness (88%) however both groups had similar response in terms of discharge reduction (7.2% vs 6.4%). In terms of efficacy neither of the treatment proved more efficacious compared to the other (p-value 0.058).

Conclusion: While steroid antibiotic wick is significantly more efficient in terms reducing tenderness, in terms of overall efficacy and discharge reduction Ichthammol/glycerol is equally effective.
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL INFERIOR TURBINECTOMY AND ENDOSCOPIC INFERIOR TURBINOPLASTY FOR TREATMENT OF INFERIOR TURBINATE HYPERTROPHY
Authors: Rafique Atif , Raza Maqbool , Khattak Shahid Farooq , Ali Muhammad , Azam Khalid , Zubair Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare efficacy of endoscopic turbinoplasty versus conventional inferior turbinectomy for hypertrophy of inferior turbinate.

Study Design: Comparative prospective study.

Place and Duration of Study: Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Multan, from Jun 2019 to May 2020.

Methodology: This study comprised of 50 patients of various age groups and both genders. Patients were grouped into two groups A and B, each group having 25 patients through random sampling. Patients in group A had endoscopic turbinoplasty whereas patients in group B had partial turbinectomy through conventional surgical method. Patients were followed regularly in both groups and were inspected postoperatively at 2 weeks, after 1 month and after 3 months.

Results: Patients who underwent Endoscopic turbinoplasty experienced less pain (p˂0.05) postoperatively at 2 weeks compared to conventional surgical turbinectomy. In addition, these patients showed statistically significant healing and reduced crusting at 1 month postoperatively. At 3 months post operatively all patients had healed completely as opposed to only 72% with surgical turbinectomy.

Conclusion: Endoscopic turbinoplasty is more effective than conventional surgical technique for inferior turbinate hypertrophy as it leads to less post-operative pain, reduced nasal crusting and earlier healing.
Environmental concerns about the massive use of disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic: an overview on aquatic toxicity
Authors: Cruz Juliana Varella , Magalhães Washington L.E. , Cademartori Pedro H.G. , Dorta Daniel J. , De Oliveira Danielle P. , Leme Daniela M.
Published: January 2022

Many public health measures to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2 were adopted worldwide, and particularly to the environmental measure of regular cleaning and disinfection of surfaces, the increased use of disinfectant products raises environmental concerns. Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), povidone-iodine (PVP-I), chloroxylenol (PCMX) and chlorhexidine (CHX) are the active ingredients of most disinfectant products due to their effectiveness against various microbiological agents. Although presenting antimicrobial efficacy, these biocides have been associated with impacts on aquatic life. For instance, QACs can induce toxicity to Aliivibrio fischeri and fish (different species). Gill and liver damages are verified in Cyprinus carpio after exposure to PVP-I. CHX induces toxic effects on algae, crustaceans, and fish embryos. PCMX can induce genotoxicity to rainbow trout and malformations on zebrafish embryos, as well as it can reduce the reproduction rate of Caenorhabditis elegans. Thus, the potential to cause negative consequences on human and environmental health has resulted in activities from the U.S. and European agencies to favor the use of safer and greener disinfectant products during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review article summarizes the main findings on the impacts of disinfectants (the most used) on aquatic life. This information may help prioritize disinfectants with lower impacts on the aquatic environment for daily use, and especially for high-frequency use as verified in the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, this review may help identify knowledge gaps on the aquatic hazard of disinfectants, which may drive future studies on this matter and, lastly, contribute to the development of sustainable products.
A Comparative Proposal on Learning the Chaos to Understand the Environment
Authors: ARICIOĞLU Mustafa Atilla , BERK Osman Nurullah
Published: January 2022

Towards the end of the twentieth century, radical changes have taken place within the framework of strategic management and organization-environment relationship. Technology, speed, competition and globalization factors have rapidly modified the environmental dynamics in the organization environment relationship. In today’s chaotic world, the effects of the crisis and environmental uncertainties have spread rapidly and widely not only in narrow area but all over the world. This situation makes it difficult for organizations aiming to live an eternal life to continue their lives and accelerates the occurrence of organizational death. In this context, Organizational Ecology and Chaos Theories have been emerging as guides in ensuring the sustainability of organizations. This study, it is aimed to draw a road map for organizations by making a comparison based on the suggestions and arguments of Organizational Ecology and Chaos Theories in order for organizations to have a more sustainable life. As a result of the evaluation, recommendations were made for learning to live with uncertainties and a correct action plan by developing sensors on the way to becoming a sustainable organization, based on the dynamics of the future. At this point, organizations need to have a flexible and agile structure and develop early warning systems so that they can leave the foggy and unpredictable environment created by the chaotic atmosphere with minimum damage and seize the new opportunities that arise. In addition, they should determine strategies by developing various scenarios against unforeseen threats, and they should consider environmental factors while doing these.
TÜRKİYE’DEKİ BAKIM YÖNETİM VE KESTİRİMCİ BAKIM BİLİŞİM SİSTEMLERİNİN FİRMALARA ÖZGÜ DURUMLARI ÜZERİNE BİR SAHA ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: AYDINER Arafat Salih , KUBİLAY Burak
Published: January 2022

Amaç: Çalışmada, sanayideki dijital dönüşüm süreçleri ile Türkiye’de bakım yönetim ve kestirimci bakım bilişim sistemleri kullanımlarının firmaya özgü durumlar karşısındaki olası farklılıklarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Ampirik yöntemin benimsendiği çalışmada, 641 bakım sektör profesyoneline uygulanan anket ile elde edilen veriler sistem ve bütüncül yaklaşımlar ışığında parametrik olmayan Kruskall Wallis ve Mann Whitney fark testlerine tabi tutulmuştur.
Bulgular: Bakım yönetim bilişim sistemleri, bakım performans göstergeleri ve kestirimci bakım bilişim sistemleri test değişkenlerinin firmaya özgü durumların kullanım şeklinin literatür ile paralel olan ve olmayan farklılıklar gösterdiği ve Türkiyede düşük verimlilik düzeyi olduğu yönünde bulgulara ulaşılmıştır.
Özgünlük: Makalede, çoğunlukla alt-sistem düzeyinde özel çalışmalara odaklanan literatürdeki boşluğa işaret edilerek bakım bilişim teknolojisi yatırımları, organizasyonel seviyede yapılan değerlendirmeler ile firmaya özgü durumlar ele alınmış, bilgisayarlı bakım yönetim ve kestirimci bakım bilişim sistemlerinin gösterdiği farklılığın yanı sıra bakım performans göstergelerinin bu iki değişkenle ilintisi bütüncül bir yaklaşım ile ortaya konulmuştur.
Prensa inglesa en español durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Gaviño Rodríguez Victoriano
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo pretende la identificación, selección y catalogación de los artículos lingüísticos publicados en la prensa inglesa en español por un grupo de exiliados españoles e hispanoamericanos que, durante la primera mitad del siglo XIX, encuentran en la actividad periodística una fuente de ingresos para satisfacer sus necesidades de sustento en el destierro. La sistematización de estas fuentes textuales permitirá el estudio posterior de toda esta producción sobre lingüística y lengua española, desconocida en su mayoría para la comunidad científica, y servirá, entre otras cuestiones para a) examinar la importancia de la prensa inglesa como medio de difusión de la cultura hispánica, b) ahondar en la facetas filológica de estos intelectuales emigrados, y c) analizar el valor de estas contribuciones para la configuración del pensamiento lingüístico hispánico de la época.
Lyrik zwischen Banalitäten und ästhetischem Reiz: Johann Peter Uz und die Anakreontik als Wegbereiter des jungen Goethe
Authors: Van Well Benjamin
Published: January 2022

Johann Peter Uz war im 18. Jh. ein hochgeachteter Lyriker, galt seinen Zeitgenossen als deutscher Horaz. Doch verblasste sein Ruhm schon zu Lebzeiten: Als allzu banal und profillos wurden die anakreontischen Rokokogedichte empfunden. Zusehends verdrängt von der Sturm-und-Drang-Lyrik kam Uz selbst 1782 zu dem Schluss, dass er sich als Dichter überlebt habe. Doch hatte auch etwas von seiner Dichtung überlebt: Der junge Goethe übernahm anakreontische Motiv- und Formelemente für seine Sturm-und-Drang-Lyrik, grenzte sich aber auch zunehmend von der Anakreontik ab und setzte wesentliche neue Akzente. Im Rahmen der Analyse zweier exemplarischer Rokokogedichte von Uz, Frühlingslust und An Amor, soll quantitativ-inhaltsanalytisch vorgehend, gezeigt werden, wie Anakreontik ‚gemacht‘ ist, worin die zeitgenössische Literaturkritik jene Mischung aus Banalität und ästhetischem Reiz gesehen hat, die einerseits zu ihrer Verdrängung führte, sie andererseits aber auch anknüpfungsfähig für die Sturm-und-Drang-Lyrik machte. Am Beispiel von Kleine Blumen, kleine Blätter soll anschließend gezeigt werden, wie der junge Goethe an die Anakreontik anknüpfte und sie schließlich überwand. Der Vergleich der Gedichte Uzens mit denen Goethes erfolgt unter Verwendung der von Zymner geprägten Begriffe autorfaktuale und personafiktionale Lyrik, auf deren Basis, alternativ zu dem umstrittenen Begriff Erlebnislyrik, die Frage nach persönlich-biographischen Akzenten in Goethes Sesenheimer Liedern lyriktheoretisch fundiert diskutiert wird.
Der mentale Text. Zu den Entstehungsprozessen von Kalevala und Nibelungenlied
Authors: Niedling Christian
Published: January 2022

Der Beitrag vergleicht die Diskussion der Epengenese des Nibelungenliedes im Spektrum der Theorien Karl Lachmanns und Andreas Heuslers und den so genannten Kalevala-Prozess. Beide Epen werden als semi-oral bzw. traditionsorientiert betrachtet. Den Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchung bilden die Prolegomena ad Homerum Friedrich August Wolfs von 1795 und die daraus entstandene Homerische Frage. Die Auseinandersetzung mit Wolf beeinflusste die Nibelungenforschung nachhaltig und stimulierte den so genannten Kalevala-Prozess in entscheidender Weise. Für die Entstehung des Kalevala sind auch die zeitgenössische Ossian-Debatte und Herders Einflüsse zu berücksichtigen.

Die Dokumentation der mündlichen finno-karelischen Sängertradition – der Dichtung hinter dem Kalevala – sowie des Epenprozesses des Kalevala ermöglicht die Betrachtung der Epenentstehung aus der traditionalistischen und der individualistischen Perspektive, d. h. der Überlieferungsprozesse, Variationsbildung und des Sänger-Individuums. Das Konzept des „mentalen Textes“ von Lauri Honko wird daran anknüpfend mit aktuellen Ansätzen der Nibelungenüberlieferung im semi-oralen bzw. traditionsorientierten Bereich verglichen.
The Lived Experiences of Queer* Teachers in İstanbul within the Scope of Institutionalized Heteronormativity and Neoliberal School Policies
Authors: İpekçi İlkan Can
Published: January 2022

Even though the challenges that Queer* employees face in the workplace because of their intersecting identities of gender, sexuality, race, and class continue to be one of the rarely studied topics in social sciences, there has been a resurgence of interest in recent years, concerning how Queer* teachers experience the conflation of their sexual and professional identities. Informed by the recognition that schools are one of the most representative prototypes of gendered organizations with their ever-adapting regimes of inequality, this study is motivated by the question of how Queer* teachers in İstanbul deal with the enduring institutionalized homophobia, which has only got worse in terms of its silencing and pathologizing mechanisms. Claiming one of the fundamental functions of schools to establish strictly heteronormative spaces of learning, where any form of gender nonconformity or sexual dissidence stands before disciplinary punishment or reprimand from other students and teachers, I have examined the current working conditions of Queer* teachers in İstanbul within the contexts of schools, which compel Queer* teachers to abide by their institutionalized rules and norms of compulsory heterosexuality. This study attempts to learn what kind of experiences Queer* teachers in İstanbul articulate regarding the conundrum of being forced into presenting themselves as non-sexualized and non-gendered professional figures, as neoliberal policies and capitalist expectations of a rigid separation between professional identities and personal lives of workers continue to negatively affect the occupational well-being of Queer* teachers. A careful analysis of the interviews has revealed that the Queer* teachers in İstanbul are burdened with the aesthetic labor they are constantly expected to perform due to the emergent neoliberal schemes of professionalism and that they suffer under closely monitoring mechanisms of heteronormative school policies and work climates.
Queer Epidemics
Authors: Sikora Tomasz
Published: January 2022

This chapter of my book Bodies Out of Rule (2014) considers John Greyson's Zero Patience – a 1993 musical satire on the early days of the AIDS epidemic – in the context of the epidemiological and immunity discourses inherent in neoliberal biopolitics. Greyson's film can be read as a queer critique of the broadly understood epidemiological operations of biopower, especially its authoritarian systematizations and taxonomizations that establish a certain "regime of truth" and are a necessary condition for the effective regulation of social practices and subjects. Through my reading of Greyson's film, I argue for a queer reclamation of the feared figure of the virus as a thoroughly transversal figure that transcends existing boundaries, identities, and cognitive categories.
EUREC4A observations from the SAFIRE ATR42 aircraft
Authors: Bony Sandrine , Lothon Marie , Delanoë Julien , Coutris Pierre , Etienne Jean-Claude , Aemisegger Franziska , Albright Anna Lea , André Thierry , Bellec Hubert , Baron Alexandre , Bourdinot Jean-François , Brilouet Pierre-Etienne , Bourdon Aurélien , Canonici Jean-Christophe , Caudoux Christophe , Chazette Patrick , Cluzeau Michel , Cornet Céline , Desbios Jean-Philippe , Duchanoy Dominique , Flamant Cyrille , Fildier Benjamin , Gourbeyre Christophe , Guiraud Laurent , Jiang Tetyana , Lainard Claude , Le Gac Christophe , Lendroit Christian , Lernould Julien , Perrin Thierry , Pouvesle Frédéric , Richard Pascal , Rochetin Nicolas , Salaün Kevin , Schwarzenboeck Alfons , Seurat Guillaume , Stevens Bjorn , Totems Julien , Touzé-Peiffer Ludovic , Vergez Gilles , Vial Jessica , Villiger Leonie , Vogel Raphaela
Published: January 2022

Abstract. As part of the EUREC4A (Elucidating the role of cloud-circulation coupling in climate) field campaign, which took place in January and February 2020 over the western tropical Atlantic near Barbados, the French SAFIRE ATR42 research aircraft conducted 19 flights in the lower troposphere. Each flight followed a common flight pattern that sampled the atmosphere around the cloud-base level, at different heights of the subcloud layer, near the sea surface and in the lower free troposphere. The aircraft's payload included a backscatter lidar and a Doppler cloud radar that were both horizontally oriented, a Doppler cloud radar looking upward, microphysical probes, a cavity ring-down spectrometer for water isotopes, a multiwavelength radiometer, a visible camera and multiple meteorological sensors, including fast rate sensors for turbulence measurements. With this instrumentation, the ATR characterized the macrophysical and microphysical properties of trade-wind clouds together with their thermodynamical, turbulent and radiative environment. This paper presents the airborne operations, the flight segmentation, the instrumentation, the data processing and the EUREC4A datasets produced from the ATR measurements. It shows that the ATR measurements of humidity, wind and cloud-base cloud fraction measured with different techniques and samplings are internally consistent, that meteorological measurements are consistent with estimates from dropsondes launched from an overflying aircraft (HALO), and that water isotopic measurements are well correlated with data from the Barbados Cloud Observatory. This consistency demonstrates the robustness of the ATR measurements of humidity, wind, cloud-base cloud fraction and water isotopic composition during EUREC4A. It also confirms that through their repeated flight patterns, the ATR and HALO measurements provided a statistically consistent sampling of trade-wind clouds and of their environment. The ATR datasets are freely available at the locations specified in Table 11.
A novel method for objective identification of 3-D potential vorticity anomalies
Authors: Fischer Christoph , Fink Andreas H. , Schömer Elmar , van der Linden Roderick , Maier-Gerber Michael , Rautenhaus Marc , Riemer Michael
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Potential vorticity (PV) analysis plays a central role in studying atmospheric dynamics and in particular in studying the life cycle of weather systems. The three-dimensional (3-D) structure and temporal evolution of the associated PV anomalies, however, are not yet fully understood. An automated technique to objectively identify 3-D PV anomalies can help to shed light on 3-D atmospheric dynamics in specific case studies, as well as facilitate statistical evaluations within climatological studies. Such a technique to identify PV anomalies fully in 3-D, however, does not yet exist. This study presents a novel algorithm for the objective identification of PV anomalies in gridded data, as commonly output by numerical simulation models. The algorithm is inspired by morphological image processing techniques and can be applied to both two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D fields on vertically isentropic levels. The method maps input data to a horizontally stereographic projection and relies on an efficient computation of horizontal distances within the projected field. Candidates for PV anomaly features are filtered according to heuristic criteria, and feature description vectors are obtained for further analysis. The generated feature descriptions are well suited for subsequent case studies of 3-D atmospheric dynamics as represented by the underlying numerical simulation, or for generation of climatologies of feature characteristics. We evaluate our approach by comparison with an existing 2-D technique, and demonstrate the full 3-D perspective by means of a case study of an extreme precipitation event that was dynamically linked to a prominent subtropical PV anomaly. The case study demonstrates variations in the 3-D structure of the detected PV anomalies that would not have been captured by a 2-D method. We discuss further advantages of using a 3-D approach, including elimination of temporal inconsistencies in the detected features due to 3-D structural variation, and elimination of the need to manually select a specific isentropic level on which the anomalies are assumed to be best captured. The method is made available as open-source for straightforward use by the atmospheric community.
The unusually long cold spell and the snowstorm Filomena in Spain in January 2021
Authors: Zschenderlein Philipp , Wernli Heini
Published: January 2022

Abstract. In early January 2021, Spain was affected by two extreme events – an unusually long cold spell and a heavy snowfall event associated with extratropical cyclone Filomena. For example, up to 50 cm of snow fell in Madrid and the surrounding areas in 4 days. Already during 9 days prior to the snowfall event, anomalously cold temperatures at 850 hPa and night frosts prevailed over large parts of Spain. During this period, anomalously cold and dry air was transported towards Spain from central Europe and even from the Barents Sea. The storm Filomena, which was responsible for major parts of the snowfall event, developed from a precursor low-pressure system over the central North Atlantic. Filomena intensified due to interaction with an upper-level potential vorticity (PV) trough, which was the result of anticyclonic wave breaking over Europe. In turn, this wave breaking was related to an intense surface anticyclone and upper-level ridge, whose formation was strongly influenced by a warm conveyor belt outflow of a cyclone off the coast of Newfoundland. The most intense snowfall occurred on 09 January and was associated with a sharp air mass boundary with an equivalent potential temperature difference at 850 hPa across Spain exceeding 20 K. Overall, the combination of pre-existing cold surface temperatures, the optimal position of the air mass boundary, and the dynamical forcing for ascent induced by Filomena and its associated upper-level trough were all essential – and in parts physically independent – ingredients for this extreme snowfall event to occur.
Integrated hydrodynamic and machine learning models for compound flooding prediction in a data-scarce estuarine delta
Authors: Sampurno Joko , Vallaeys Valentin , Ardianto Randy , Hanert Emmanuel
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Flood forecasting based on water level modeling is an essential non-structural measure against compound flooding over the globe. With its vulnerability increased under climate change, every coastal area became urgently needs a water level model for better flood risk management. Unfortunately, for local water management agencies in developing countries building such a model is challenging due to the limited computational resources and the scarcity of observational data. Here, we attempt to solve the issue by proposing an integrated hydrodynamic and machine learning approach to predict compound flooding in those areas. As a case study, this integrated approach is implemented in Pontianak, the densest coastal urban area over the Kapuas River delta, Indonesia. Firstly, we built a hydrodynamic model to simulate several compound flooding scenarios, and the outputs are then used to train the machine learning model. To obtain a robust machine learning model, we consider three machine learning algorithms, i.e., Random Forest, Multi Linear Regression, and Support Vector Machine. The results show that this integrated scheme is successfully working. The Random Forest performs as the most accurate algorithm to predict flooding hazards in the study area, with RMSE = 0.11 m compared to SVM (RMSE = 0.18 m) and MLR (RMSE = 0.19 m). The machine-learning model with the RF algorithm can predict ten out of seventeen compound flooding events during the testing phase. Therefore, the random forest is proposed as the most appropriate algorithm to build a reliable ML model capable of assessing the compound flood hazards in the area of interest.
First evidence of microplastics in Antarctic snow
Authors: Aves Alex R. , Revell Laura E. , Gaw Sally , Ruffell Helena , Schuddeboom Alex , Wotherspoon Ngaire E. , LaRue Michelle , McDonald Adrian J.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. In recent years, airborne microplastics have been identified in a range of remote environments. However, data throughout the Southern Hemisphere, in particular Antarctica, are largely absent to date. We collected snow samples from 19 sites across the Ross Island region of Antarctica. Suspected microplastic particles were isolated and their composition confirmed using micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (μFTIR).We identified microplastics in all Antarctic snow samples at an average concentration of 29 particles L−1, with fibres the most common morphotype and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) the most common polymer. To investigate sources, backward air mass trajectories were run from the time of sampling. These indicate potential long-range transportation of up to 6000 kilometers, assuming a residence time of 6.5 days. Local sources were also identified as potential inputs into the environment, as the polymers identified were consistent with those used in clothing and equipment from nearby research stations. This study adds to the growing body of literature regarding microplastics as a ubiquitous airborne pollutant, and establishes their presence in Antarctica.
The Response of Tropical Cyclone Intensity to Temperature Profile Change
Authors: Done James M. , Lackmann Gary M. , Prein Andreas F.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Theory indicates that tropical cyclone intensity should respond to changes in the vertical temperature profile. While the sensitivity of tropical cyclone intensity to sea surface temperature is well understood, less is known about sensitivity to the temperature profile. In this paper, we combine historical data analysis and idealised modelling to explore the extent to which historical tropospheric warming and lower stratospheric cooling can explain observed trends in the tropical cyclone intensity distribution. Observations and modelling agree that historical global temperature profile changes coincide with higher lifetime maximum intensities. But observations suggest the response depends on the tropical cyclone intensity itself. Historical lower- and upper-tropospheric temperatures in hurricane environments have warmed significantly faster than the tropical mean. In addition, hurricane-strength storms have intensified at twice the rate of weaker storms per unit warming at the surface and at 300-hPa. Idealized simulations respond in the expected sense to various imposed changes in the temperature profile and agree with tropical cyclones operating as heat engines. Yet lower stratospheric temperature changes have little influence. Idealised modelling further shows an increasing altitude of the TC outflow but little change in outflow temperature. This enables increased efficiency for strong tropical cyclones despite the warming upper troposphere. Observed sensitivities are generally larger than modelled sensitivities, suggesting that observed tropical cyclone intensity change responds to a combination of the temperature profile change and other environmental factors.