bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Studies of the Strength and Rigidity of Screw Connections of Covers with Wooden Ribs
Authors: Labudin B V , Popov E V , Tyurikova T V , Nikitina T A , Ruslanova A V
Published: March 2020

The results of a study of the shear stability of single-slice joints on screws of wooden ribs and wood-composite covers of structural plywood (SP) and oriented-strend boards (OSB) are presented. The plastic behavior of the destructure of the joint is established, the coefficient of safety during plastic fracture is determined, the bearing capacity and stiffness coefficient are calculated. A plan for a 2-factor experiment with varying factors at 3 levels has been compiled, regression equations have been obtained that made it possible to calculate the stiffness coefficient of screw joints as a function of the diameter of the screw and its embedment in the rib, and response graphshave beendrawn. The scientific conclusions and recommendations based on the performed experimental studies are formulated. It can be used in design of plate-ribbed structures of floors and walls with covers from wood-composite materials.
Problems of Housing Affordability Improvement and Development of Residential Construction in Vladivostok
Authors: Bekker T , Buzina M , Tupikova O
Published: March 2020

The present article is dedicated to the problem of residential housing, investigation of factors reducing affordability of housing and impeding further development of residential housing construction in Vladivostok – capital city in the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation.

The target indicators which are used in federal programs/projects and reflect the ongoing trends in housing affordability for the local population are duly considered herein. The necessity to update and further clarify calculations of housing affordability index is duly substantiated. The special model for evaluation of housing affordability under governmental programs implemented at local municipal level with due consideration for ongoing mortgage credit lending, demand patterns, population income levels and demographic factors is herewith developed. Assessment of possibilities for purchasing apartments of specific space among different groups of population and family types has been duly made. The main factors impeding housing affordability in Vladivostok have been identified and the analysis of their influence on housing affordability index (based on the “sensitivity analysis” method) has been duly carried out.

Analysis of housing availability to the local population and actual rates of commissioning the brand new residential housing in Vladivostok within 2010-2018 has been carried out. The revealed indicators are significantly lower in comparison with the national average in Russia and do not match the levels set forth in the federal and municipal state programs. The necessity to increase new housing construction volumes in almost three times is clearly substantiated. The main problems impeding further development of construction industry and best solutions possible have been identified and described.
United Digital Platform for Efficient Construction Development
Authors: Ryzhkova A , Ginzburg A.
Published: March 2020

Modern development of technologies allows the countries’ governments to create completely new approaches to doing business. Digitalization of industries allows to get rid of a counterfeit product, minimize the costs of resources: time, materials, labor and finances. Digitalization of the construction industry can become one of the key moments of the country’s entire economy transition to the digital age, while ensuring sustainable development of cities. The construction has a high multiplier effect: one workplace in construction gives up to 15 jobs in other sectors of the economy. Sustainability of development can be ensured by reducing the costs of resources and improving the quality of products. The authors of the article consider the possibilities to create conditions for the sustainable development of cities through the sustainable development of the construction industry on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Assessment of Compliance with Regulatory Requirements of Life Support Facilities of Modern Neighborhoods
Authors: Kolchunov V I , Gordon V A , Bakaeva N V , Cormina A A
Published: March 2020

It is proposed to evaluate the level of comfort of the urban environment on the basis of a methodology for quantifying the feasibility of city functions: livelihoods, providing entertainment and recreation, creating conditions for power, charity, gaining knowledge, realizing creative needs, strengthening connections with nature. It is proposed to introduce a system of quality indicators of planning and design solutions for the territories of urban housing estates as indicators that quantitatively reflect the level of implementation of city functions and their components. The study developed an algorithm for calculating indicators characterizing the correspondence of city functions to the standard values of parameters adopted for assessing the quality of the state of its elements. The numerical implementation of the indicator calculation algorithm is performed for the city’s Life Support function, which plays a key role in dramatically improving the comfort of the urban environment. For a more complete analysis of the effectiveness of urban decisions aimed at increasing human potential and satisfying the rational needs of a person, as well as for the comprehensive consideration of comfort characteristics, it seems possible to carry out a scientific substantiation of an extended list of indicators for the implementation of city functions and the accessibility of socially significant everyday objects.
Comprehensive Approach to Multi Comfort Urban Space Design in High-Density of Milan Development
Authors: Burukhina O S , Tsarkova V S , Maltceva I N
Published: March 2020

Relevance of the research is conditioned by the necessity to search for a new model of urban planning formation of housing estates in the constrained conditions of already established cities. With the modern cities’ expansion, investors, urban planners, architects and developers face a difficult task to develop urban areas that are in a dense ring of buildings and structures. Herein it should consider that large cities require multicomfortable apartment buildings, although they are in high-density areas. This paper represents the results of project work upon a social residential complex that meets the criteria of energy efficiency and multi-comfort in high-density development of the Crescenzago district (Milan, Italy). The project is based on the principles of eco-certification according to the BREEAM standard. As part of the project, to ensure the sustainable development of the territory under consideration, climatic, urban, social and cultural factors were analyzed; urban planning and architectural concepts of the site development, as well as constructive and engineering solutions for residential multi-apartment buildings have been created. The paper provides the author’s design solution for a complex of residential buildings, organically integrated into the existing urban space development. This is a qualitatively new residential development format that meets all modern requirements for providing thermal, visual, acoustic comfort, safety standards, as well as the concept of sustainable development..
Analytical Solutions for Taking into Account Composite Action of Reinforcement and Concrete in the Evaluation of Stresses in the Principal Planes of Girder Web Plates with Prestressed Reinforcement
Authors: Belutsky I Y , Alekseeva I D
Published: March 2020

The article addresses the issue of feasibility of strengthening the girders in road bridge superstructures by intensifying the reinforcement of web plates. The article also discloses the need to consider the composite action of concrete and reinforcement for the principal planes of girder web plates in superstructures. A methodology for calculating the effectiveness of the proposed superstructure reinforcement option is presented in this publication, as well as the results of assessing the stress state of structures according to the standard project of the series 3.503.1-81, reinforced in accordance with the methodology described in this publication. The obtained results confirm the validity and effectiveness of the proposed solutions for strengthening the superstructure, as well as the validity and applicability of the methodology which helps to consider the composite action of concrete and reinforcement in girder web plates in road bridge superstructures.
Modeling of Internal Efforts in a Cargo Beam of the Gantry Crane from the Cargo Cart
Authors: Kudryavtsev Y , Gavrilenko A
Published: March 2020

Article describes processes modeling of internal efforts in various kinds: analytical; program; tabular and graphic in any cross-section of the cargo beam of the crane from moving of the cargo cart. Following results of scientific researches are received: analytical expressions of internal efforts in any cross-section of a cargo beam of the gantry crane depending from displacement of cargo cart; algorithms and a complex of programs for automation of calculation and graphical representation of internal efforts in system Mathcad. The proposed procedures of modeling of internal efforts in any cross-section of a cargo beam of the gantry crane from moving cargo cart allow to reduce time and cost for performance of such calculations at least in ten times and effectively to carry out researches when cargo beam parameters, cargo cart parameters and materials change.
Air Conditions Mod in Building during Local Fire
Authors: Biriukov S
Published: March 2020

The statement of the problem of the air condition of a building in case of a local fire in a room differs from the traditional form of recording the excess pressures at each considered point of the external or internal environment. In this paper, an example of calculating the air regime of a seven-story residential building in case of a fire in an apartment hall is considered.
The Influence of Different Types of Reinforcement on the Deformation Characteristics of Clay Soil in the Conditions of Seasonal Freezing and Thawing
Authors: Abu-Khasan M , Egorov V
Published: March 2020

The article aims to increase the bearing capacity of the base by means of using reinforcement. A comparative analysis of the impact of different types of rein-forcement on the deformation characteristics of the soil in the Northern climatic zones is carried out. In this article, the parameters of clay soil were considered, which were used to calculate the optimal method of stabilization of the building. The value of the study was justified, despite the fact that clay soils have a high strength index, without additional design solutions, seasonal freezing and thaw-ing can lead to an emergency.
Sustainability of Construction Companies under Construction Uncertainty and Risks
Authors: Abramov I
Published: March 2020

Modern competitive conditions, economic crisis phenomena and an overall decline in business activity significantly influence the self-regulation of a construction company. This paper is aimed at the following: an author’s definition of the building system stability as the ability to function effectively under changing competitive market environment conditions and the construction volume (load) uncertainty (production and technology, supply and sales, financial sustainability, etc.) The paper presents a simulation of the construction company stability by choosing mutually related rational indicator prediction values - construction indicators regarding the risks of achieving its activity goals meeting the requirements to acceptable process variability. To assess and manage the construction company stability, a classification of risks is given. An algorithm was developed for a set of management decisions to minimize the consequences of external risks. The author’s research findings suggest the following conclusions:

- Various types of external risks are the most likely and significant possible damage on construction companies.

- At the construction planning stage, to minimize the possible consequences of external risks and uncertainty, organizational and technical measures should be developed.

- The main organizational and technical measures to quickly respond to reducing (losing) the stability of construction companies, minimizing the consequences of external risks and construction production uncertainty with regard to the Pareto principle should consist in the practical implementation of a set of measures to align the changed production load with the parameters of the construction company’s production potential - first of all, the specialization level and production capacity.
Investigation of Diopside Rocks from Deposits of the «Aldanslyuda» Mining and Processing Plant as a Raw Material for Concrete Production
Authors: Vasilyeva A A , Fedorova G D
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the results of studies of diopside rocks collected from the“Aldanslyuda” mining and processing plant dumps as aggregates for the production of heavy-weight and sand concretes. The presented data shows that the average chemical composition of these diopside rocks is on: SiO2 - 46.38%, CaO2 - 16.53% and MgO2 - 15.30%. The low content of magnesium and calcium dioxides indicates that even when the specific surface area is incriesed to 5000 cm2/g and above, the diopside will only work as a filler. The mineralogical composition of rocks is represented by diopside, actinolite and pargasite. It was found that it is more efficient to use diopside rocks as an aggregate to produce concrete. By testing the crushed stone of a mixture of a fraction from 5 to 20 mm and sand from sifting of crushing solid stone, it was shown that these diopside rocks are suitable as aggregates to produce heavy-weight and sand concretes of strength class up to 60 MPa. To consider the possibility of using them to obtain high-strength concretes, it is necessary to conduct more experimantal research
Temperature Dependence of Unfrozen Water Quantity in Clay Soil with Different Moisture Content
Authors: Timofeev A M , Kravtsova O N , Protodyakonova N A
Published: March 2020

We have investigated the relationship between the unfrozen quantity and total moisture content in clay soils in hygroscopic humidity region. To determine the unfrozen water quantity the method of continuous heat supply has been used (calorimetric method). Because crystallization heat of hygroscopic water in soil and that of volume water and different, the crystallization heat of soil water has been determined first during the experiment as a function of moisture and temperature, then it has been used to calculate the quantity of unfrozen water. It has been found that the dependence of unfrozen water quantity on total moisture content is more pronounced at low ice content and is not evident at all when it increases. In this case the dependence of unfrozen water quantity on total moisture content is of more complex pattern than that of the kind at high humidity. Besides the dependence is moistly evident at low ice content and becomes extinct at ice content increasing.
Cleaning of Thermal Equipment from Scale with Activated Water
Authors: Zakharychev S P , Pozynich K P , Telnova S V
Published: March 2020

The problem of scale and corrosive action reducing the heat interchange of thermal equipment heating elements explains the ongoing search for means and methods of dealing with these phenomena. The paper analyzes the modern technology for controlling scale and corrosion, as well as nature of water activation. The possibility of reagent-free control of water properties in various technological processes by means of activation is investigated. The technology of cleaning the internal surfaces of thermal equipment and pipelines with thermodynamically (energetically) activated water is considered in detail.
Simulation of a Transport Standby for Ensuring Safe Heat Supply Systems Operation
Authors: Sazonova S A , Nikolenko S D , Osipov A A
Published: March 2020

The process of development a transport (parametric) standby for cities and other settlements heat supply systems in cases of increasing pipeline diameters with constant network configuration is studied. The formation of a standby can ensure uninterrupted and safe operation of heat supply systems. Safe operation is supposed to be ensured through analysis and prevention of possible emergency situations. The development of the transport standby mathematical models is based on the energy equivalence of subscriber subsystems of heat supply systems, which distinguishes the obtained mathematical models from existing analogues. To evaluate the impact of parametric optimization results on economic indicators, a computational experiment was conducted. As an object of study, the design scheme of a residential neighborhood was considered. An analysis of the computational experiment results proved the efficiency of the obtained transport standby mathematical models for running heat supply systems. It is possible to provide transport standby for systems of any sizes and configurations or for the studied fragments of these systems. For practical use, it is of interest to calculate the parametric standby of individual houses with autonomous boiler rooms.
Effect of Ice on the Heat-Moisture Regime of Soil Foundation of Gas Pipeline
Authors: Permyakov P P , Vinokurova T A , Popov G G
Published: March 2020

Operation of long-haul trunk pipelines in permafrost areas has shown that they undergo various negative processes, such as sweating, thermokarst, ice formation, etc. Especially in the mountainous areas, crossing the water barrier, in the wintertime ground is covered with ice. The interaction of pipelines with ice is not well researched. The purpose of this work is the numerical simulation of the heat-moisture regime of the soil base of the gas pipeline during the formation of ice. A mathematical model of heat and moisture transfer taking into account the actual process of freezing-thawing of the pore solution of soil is given. For mathematical modelling, a numerical experiment was performed to restore the heat flow of the icy valley using the method of solving boundary inverse heat conduction problems. As a result of a numerical experiment, it was established that the permafrost groundwater increases the average annual temperature of the soil around the pipeline and has a warming effect. During long-term operation of a gas pipeline with a positive temperature, the temperature of the soil base rises, but the thawing halo around the gas pipeline is small, which depends on the depth and thickness of pipe insulation.
Autoclave Synthesis of Composite Cements on Magnesium Silicates
Authors: Moskvitina L V , Moskvitin S G
Published: March 2020

The use of various mineral additives in the production of cements and concretes is one of the urgent tasks of building materials science, as it reduces the consumption of Portland cement clinker, the production of which is accompanied by a large consumption of electricity and the release of CO2 during its production. The use of mixed cements reduces not only the cost of building materials, but also solves the environmental safety of the environment. The work is devoted to the development of composite cements using mineral additives - dunite of one of the widespread magnesia rocks in Central Aldan (Yakutia). Dunit composes inagli Massif and is located in the industrially developed area of Central Aldan. Petrographic and thermographic studies became the basis for the preliminary preparation of the charge. Pre-annealing, fine joint grinding and additional mechanical activation of the charge are applied. Selected resource-saving, optimal mode of autoclave synthesis of composite binder. It is shown that the autoclave synthesis was able to obtain a high-strength cement stone twice the strength of the cement stone from Portland cement PC 500. It is found that increasing the mechanical strength of the products curing at autoclave composite binders the synthesis achieved by the introduction of a system of micro - silicates of magnesium (serpentinization of dunite). At the same time, finely ground and pre-annealed magnesium silicates perform the role of a micro-filler in the system, contributing to an increase in the density of the formed stone, and the active component involved in the formation of a strong crystallization structure.
Composite Cements with Mineral Additives of Intrusive and Metamorphic Rocks of Central Aldan (Yakutia)
Authors: Moskvitina L V , Moskvitin S G , Vasilieva A V
Published: March 2020

The creation of new compositions with mineral additives requires fundamental research of the chemical activity of mineral additives. As an active mineral additive used waste production of chromdiopside and phlogopite –dunite and diopside Aldan region (Yakutia). The use of overburden reduces the cost of production of building materials and improves the environmental situation in the region. The obtained dependence of the strength developed in cements, their composition, preparation of the raw mix, modes of curing and keeping maturing. For the first time, using a set of technological approaches including pre-annealing, mechanical activation and autoclave synthesis, a high-strength composite cement with additives of magnesium silicates exceeding the strength of Portland cement by 56.8% was obtained. In our previous experiments, the introduction of up to 40% diopside in Portland cement did not increase the strength of the cement stone due to the chemical inertness of the additive. Magnesium chloride - MgCl2 was used for mixing in order to activate hydration. It is shown that the high rate of formation of the solid phase during the closure with magnesium chloride leads to the development of stresses and strains leading to a decrease in strength in the later stages of hardening. The optimal technological approach is water mixing and autoclave synthesis. Possible consumers can be cement plants, enterprises for the production of building materials, representatives of medium and small businesses, as well as enterprises of the mining industry interested in the disposal of waste production.
Influence of the Phase Transitions of Water in Permafrost on Natural and Technological Electromagnetic Fields
Authors: Efremov V N
Published: March 2020

Frozen ground deformations, resulting from the volumetric changes, associated with the phase changes of water are accompanied by the phenomenon of electromagnetic emission. Based on monitoring data from an experimental site near Yakutsk, this study has shown that the vertical component of magnetic field strength increases at low frequencies in the spectrum of accepted signals in the spring and autumn periods. Seasonal increases in the natural electromagnetic field are attributed to electromagnetic emission which is observed in the frequency range 5-300 kHz when permafrost soils thaw or freeze. Monitoring data on the seasonal increase of natural and technological fields, strength at low frequencies, are presented. In sandy soils, the relative increase of the natural field was 543 % during thawing in May and 208 % during freezing in October. The relative increase of the field strength of a radio station was 1014 % in May and 178% in October. Electromagnetic emission in sandy soils was found to result in a twice higher relative increase in natural magnetic field strength upon thawing than upon freezing. The relative increase in magnetic field strength of radio stations is six times greater during spring thawing compared to autumn freezing. This is explained by better conditions for radio wave distribution on the line during the spring
Ceramic Composition Material with Mullite Crystals Obtained from the Clayy Raw Material of Yakutia
Authors: Lebedev M P , Tagrov V N , Lukin E S
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the manufacture of modern structural ceramic materials from clay and loam deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The importance and relevance of the development of the production of building materials from local raw materials is emphasized, since this will certainly affect the effectiveness of the construction complex as a whole. The successful development of the construction complex is capable of not only stimulating growth in all sectors of the economy, but also contributes to solving the most pressing social problems. Today, Yakutia has huge reserves of mineral raw materials for the production of a wide range of building materials and products. Of practical interest are wall materials made from clay soils. Given the features of the region’s raw material base, this work focuses on additional processing of traditional material. Controlling the complex physicochemical and structural-mechanical transformations that occur during heat treatment, a methodology has been developed for creating a composite material that will allow competitive innovative materials with enhanced strength properties to be produced with a reinforcing element with a glassy phase matrix of mullite crystals. The fabricated samples have a wide range of physical and mechanical properties and allow using it as a high-quality structural building ceramics, as well as industrial floor technical tile.
Criteria of the Influence of Climatic Factors on the Condition of Frozen Foundations by Geophysical Data
Authors: Efremov V N
Published: March 2020

Apparent resistivity in the frequency range of 100-1000 kHz and soil electromagnetic emission parameters in the frequency range of 1-300 kHz are proposed to be used as criteria for assessing the influence of climatic factors on the condition of permafrost foundations. The addition of traditional measurements of soils temperature by measurements of their apparent resistivity raises information maintenance of monitoring. The joint consideration of effective resistance and temperatures gives more complete representation about changes of a soils condition, climatic factors, occurring as result of influence. By monitoring apparent resistivities, it is possible not only to assess the degree of soil freezing, but also to take into account changes in volumetric ice content (moisture content) and other physical properties. Apparent resistivity can also be used to detect and estimate the influence of such climatic factors, as rainfall and snow depth. The phenomenon of electromagnetic emission in frozen ground is shown to be an indicator of on-going processes of thawing or freezing. Electromagnetic emission parameters are thus useful for assessing intensity and duration of soil thawing and freezing.
Selection Criteria for Heat Exchangers for Hot Water Systems
Authors: Kitaytseva E Kh
Published: March 2020

The article provides an analysis of existing solutions for choosing shell-and-tube heat exchangers for the needs of hot water supply. When constructing a mathematical model of heat transfer, an approximation of the criterial dependencies describing this process was used. The error estimation of approximating dependencies is presented. The mathematical model of heat balance was used in a numerical experiment. The significance of the influence on the heat transfer efficiency of the parameters of the heat exchanger was established by the results of a numerical experiment. The results of a numerical experiment made it possible to develop criteria for choosing heat exchangers. Keywords: hot water supply, heat exchanger, mathematical modeling, selection criteria
Influence on the Microclimate of the Number of People at Different Occupancy Temples
Authors: Shchukina T V , Drapalyuk N A , Zherlykina M N , Sheps R A
Published: March 2020

Heat, water and gas supply in temples and churches are considered, taking into account the different number of people present at the Liturgy and burning candles. The formulas for determining the above-listed proceeds from paraffin candles depending on the mass of single instances. For the reconstructed Church of St. John, the Baptist at Holy Protection Cathedral in the city of Voronezh is designed of harmful emissions, and air exchange for their assimilation at different occupancy rates and given the average statistics of bought room of candles. Expressions for summary determine the total heat and moisture depending on the number of parishioners. It is recommended to use split and multi-split air conditioning systems in reconstructed and restored churches without disturbing the aesthetics of frescoes and the location of icons. The cooling capacity of such installations should be selected to ensure the required parameters of the microclimate with the occupancy of temples less than 75 % of the calculated taking into account the regulatory requirements for individual volume.
Temperature and Humidity Conditions of Archives Building under Variable Heat Impacts
Authors: Molostova I E , Vyatkina S D , Plotnikov A S , Ulyanova J S
Published: March 2020

Temperature and humidity conditions in archives building was considered under variable heat impacts. The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of humidity and indoor air temperature on the intensity of building envelopes drying. Experimental data was analyzed with the operating central air conditioner. A method of building envelopes drying by variable heating conditions with simultaneous sorption of moisture from the indoor air was suggested.
The Combined Method of Arrangement of Pile Foundations in the Permafrost Zone
Authors: Mestnikov V V , Mestnikova I V
Published: March 2020

The subject of the study is the development of rational types of foundations in the permafrost zone. The use of a combined method of arrangement of pile foundations, which provides for a combination of drilling and bored methods and seasonal cooling devices (SOU), is proposed. The greatest efficiency of using combined piles can be obtained when designing shallow foundations that are most susceptible to the effects of tangential forces of frost heaving and when calculating which not only the bearing capacity of the piles, but also the resistance to these tangential forces is taken into account. The Frost 3D software package performed mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the temperature field of the soil mass. The use of combined piles as building foundations will allow to achieve a significant economic effect: increase the bearing capacity of foundations, reduce its cost, reduce construction time, save materials and improve the quality of construction (the upper part of the combined piles is manufactured in the factory, undergoes thorough acceptance control, respectively, in the active the layer where the reinforced concrete structures are most susceptible to destruction, a high-quality cancer-free material is installed wines and cracks that can not be guaranteed when the process device bored pile foundations).
Analysis of the Stored Composition of the “Lazurny” Park in the Artek of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Leonova V A , Leonov L A
Published: March 2020

The article briefly contains references to the history of the incorporation of Crimea to Russia, historical and archival expertise on the trendy Russian resort Suuk-Su, on the territory of which the park “Lazurny” of the International Children’s Center “Artek” is currently located. Results of inventory of park compositions are given on the basis of preserved 35 fragments from old-age trees, which have description. All historical landings have actual confirmation. The article mentions the methodology of research, at the end are giving the conclusions. The text is illustrated with 6 historical photographs and one - modern.
The Development of a Comfortable Urban Environment on the Example of Ekaterinburg City
Authors: Vlasova M F , Larionova V A , Stepanova N R
Published: March 2020

The creating of comfortable, safe living environment is the desire of all citizens and the population of the city. The successful way to create a new image of the cities (territories with huge potential) is to use a systematic approach. A comfortable urban environment will allow citizens to spend more time in the street, recharging with positive and wonderful mood. To get effective interactions, it would be good to concentrate the efforts of the city administration, expert communities, local activists and active citizens together to solve urban problems. Public spaces are one of the directions to develop a comfortable city environment. With them it will be possible to reprogram and integrate the historical solutions into the modern ones. The old place will get a new life. In this way small changes will lead to a tremendous transformation. To identify areas that require improvement we must do urban environment analysis. As an applied aspect, the rationale for the improvement of the Stone Tents park zone in the Ekaterinburg city is given. The experience gained in the project framework can be used to create a comfortable urban environment in other settlements.
Vertical Distribution of Cs-137 in Soils of Orel Region 30 Years after Chernobyl Accident
Authors: Kulieva G A , Berezkin V Yu , Askarova D A , Anikina EV , Mixajlichenko K Yu , Solovev D B
Published: March 2020

The article presents the first results of the study of vertical redistribution of Radiocaesium in different types of agricultural soils of the Orel region, performed in the period 2016-2017. Orel region, one of the 19 regions of Russia, where as a result of the Chernobyl accident (1986) large areas were contaminated with various radionuclides, including Cs-137, with soil contamination level Cs-137 above 1 Ki/km2 (37 kBq/m2). The work was carried out as a private initiative study within the field teaching and scientific practice of the Ecology Faculty of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN). It was found that the main stock of Radiocaesium falls on the top 20 cm of arable soils. Despite the overall reduction in dose over 30 years, Radiocaesium is still traceable to a depth of 40-50 cm, depending on soil type, organic matter content, particle size distribution and other factors.
Microbiological Treatment of High-Coloring Natural Waters
Authors: Popova T , Golovin V , Medved P
Published: March 2020

The formation of water quality in water resources depends on a greater number of natural and anthropogenous factors, determining the scheme of water treatment, its manufacturability and reliability at some point. In particular a significant part (over 30%) of surface sources is characterized by a high content of organic substances. This index is integrally estimated by the oxidation and water color. Notably, its magnitude frequently exceeds the maximum allowable concentration (three times or more). The experience of water treatment shows that the processing of such waters is extremely difficult and requires a significant correction of the applied technologies.
Deformation Models of Concrete Strength Calculation in the Edition of Russian and Foreign Norms
Authors: Karpenko N I , Rimshin V I , Eryshev V A , Shubin L I
Published: March 2020

The correlation between the calculation models as amended by Russian and foreign regulatory documents is established by comparing the values of the integral parameters of the diagrams and the ultimate forces obtained by calculating the reinforced concrete element according to the deformation model. As integral parameters of concrete deformation diagrams, it is recommended to use the areas of the areas limited to the branches of diagrams and coefficients of plenitude of diagrams. Mathematical models have been developed that establish a common form for calculating the unambiguous values of deformations at the base points of concrete diagrams, taking into account the accepted functional relationships and the rules for their use according to the tables of normative documents. Analytical modeling of integral parameters allows us to exclude from the calculation of the strength of an element the procedure for numerically summing stresses along elementary strips in a section and solving nonlinear equations by successive approximations.
Temperature Potential of the Seasonal Cooling Devices in the Work of Boiler-Plants
Authors: Baisheva L M , Ivanov V N , Ivanova A V
Published: March 2020

This article describes a complex system for the preservation of frozen soil and preliminary fuel-free air access. Thermal calculation of seasonally cooling devices to determine the air temperature after passing through the soil thickness and in any section of the pipeline, depending on its length is considered. Also, field measurements of the operation of cooling systems are carried out. The temperature difference of the seasonal cooling device can be used for preliminary fuel-free heating of the air necessary for the combustion of the boiler. The cold outdoor air passing through the seasonally cooled device on the one hand cools the ground of the base, and on the other he heats up. The use of preheated air passing through the seasonally cooled device saves heat for heating, reduces the consumption of air for combustion, and applies an intake ventilation system without preheating in heaters, which increases the efficiency of fuel combustion in a heat-generating installation. The proposed method of calculation has good values and can be used to calculate the temperature on the basis of seasonal cooling devices
New Russian “Asian Policy”: Intentions and First Results
Authors: Minakir P A , Prokapalo O M
Published: March 2020

Issues of cooperation between the Russian and South Korean strategies of bilateral cooperation in the economic sphere is discussed. The dynamics and current state of foreign trade and investment interactions as a result of the implementation of the new northern policy of the Republic of Korea and the new Asian policy of Russia are analyzed. It is shown that economic interactions do not correspond to the declared goals and expectations at the political level, neither from the points of view of scale, nor from the standpoint of the expected structural modifications. The investment projects agreed upon in the framework of the 9 Bridges policy are considered and the probability of expanding the scope and scope of investment cooperation is assessed, groups of industry projects for investment involving foreign trade interactions are proposed. It is shown that the implementation of new development institutions and subsidizing the leveling of production costs for producers in the Far East and European regions of the Russian Federation does not in itself lead to an increase in the level of competitiveness of the regional investment market. Fixed preservation of the degree of inertia of the structure of foreign trade interactions.
Invariant to Observation Conditions, the Algorithm for Processing Spatially Distributed Data from a Monitoring Network Consisting of Three Sensors
Authors: Chernetsova E , Burlov V , Shishkin A
Published: March 2020

A multi-sensory environmental monitoring system is being considered, in which pollution data is transmitted via radio from three sensors. It is assumed that the centralized processing of information at the point of observation and control in order to detect a signal indicating the presence of contamination. The proposed processing algorithm is invariant to any transformations of data coming from sensors. It keeps the property of the data to be equally or differently distributed. Such transformations are any non-monotonic functions of the original observations. It is shown that with respect to these transformations, the maximum invariant statistics is the set of ranks of quantities taken as elements of a single sample. The developed detection algorithm has a sufficiently high resistance to observation conditions, since it retains its working capacity when the observation conditions are non-stationary. The algorithm is also invariant to the law of fluctuations of the pollution signal and its location among the last two observed sites and provides a constant probability of false alarm in any (a priori unknown) noise distribution.
Methodical Approach to Calculation of the Maintenance Cost for 3D Built Printing Equipment
Authors: Akulova I , Slavcheva G
Published: March 2020

The issues related to the feasibility study of the effectiveness of the use of 3D printing technology in residential construction are considered. The criteria for efficiency are indicated such as minimum human labor and minimum direct costs per m2 of the total area of a residential facility. It is noted that direct costs include the cost of materials, human labor, the operation of machinery. In the process of calculating performance indicators, the greatest difficulty arises with determining the cost of 3D printer, the value of which depends on the annual fund of the printer operation time, its performance and the cost of operation machine-hour. The cost of a machine-hour contains the cost of depreciation, human labor costs, the replacement of high-wear parts and units of machines, for energy, maintenance, relocation and installation of machines on the construction site. For each of the indicated cost elements, methodical approaches are proposed and corresponding calculation schemes are presented. From the data obtained as a calculation result, it follows that to the greatest extent, the cost of operating machines per m3 of concrete mix, depends on the printer’s performance, and in the cost structure of a machine-hour the depreciation costs comprise the maximum share determined as a percentage of the cost of the unit. In this regard, as one of the strategic directions of expanding the use of 3D-additive construction technologies, the cost reduction of modern printers is indicated.
High Probability Cycles of the Sugar Subcomplex Activities in the Agro-Industrial Complex
Authors: Zhmurko D Yu
Published: March 2020

The article aims at defining the sets of high probability cycles and at revealing the common cyclic genome for sugar industry which, taken as a whole, affect the production of sugar, sugar beet, and sugarcane. The author also studies the principles of big regional structures in the sugar subcomplex. For the first time, the concept of revealing a cyclic genome by means of the forward analysis (instead of the spectral analysis) is realised in practice, i. e. periodograms are built on the basis of a forward analysis and not of a spectral analysis. It has been confirmed in practice that the forward analysis shows substantially better results in building periodograms than the traditional spectral analysis. The author has revealed new principles in shift (mutation) of the cyclic genome of the world sugar production and has defined the sociogenetic principles (cycles of various nature), such as following: the cycle of the developed countries group is 8.23 years, the cycles of the developing countries is 8.39, the cycle of the Third World countries in 7.6. The article has also revealed a cyclic “drift” in the world sugar production. So, after World War II it has shifted from 9.49 years (typical for the period from the 19th century until the middle of the 20th century) to the current value of 7.12 years.
Designing a Regional Economic Security System
Authors: Smirnov V V , Osipov D G , Babaeva A A
Published: March 2020

The need for design of a regional economic security system is determined by high external dependence of the Russian economy and by absence of firm levers influencing international means of interaction. Low social and economic indexes of Russia in relation to extreme critical values indicate unsatisfactory state of its economic security. In accordance with the Strategy of economic security of the Russian Federation until 2030 determination of national security threats and identification of the key indicators becomes a necessary attribute of the Russian economics. The present article reveals the mechanism of a regional economic security system development including stages of economic indexes dynamics analysis and building an IDF0 model. Design is based on the international standards of quality management for design (ISO 10006:2017 Quality management systems – Guidelines for quality management in projects) and on requirements to a quality management system (ISO 9001:2015 Quality management systems – Requirements). Complex analysis is associated with assessment of accession rates normalized importance including building of a neural network and carrying out cluster analysis. Complex analysis of accession rates of the Russian region economic indexes using SPSS Statistics software resulted in identification of the determining factors for clustering. In order to improve stability of a regional economic security system all the processes are synchronized in the optimal mode, verified and validated to provide consistency of output data and input parameters. There are options to change significant relations with processes and stages of a regional economic security system design in order to adjust IDF0 model of a regional economic security system.
State Management of Mineral Resource Potential Based on Geological and Economic Monitoring
Authors: Dadykin V S , Dadykina O V , Elyakova I D , Pahomov A A , Darbasov V R
Published: March 2020

The relevance of the study is to develop a geological and economic model for calculating the exploration work volume for reproducing mineral resource base of non-ferrous metals, covering the base levels and management functions of the subsoil Fund, all stages of the exploration process. The subjects of the study are methodological approaches to calculating reserve shortage by types of metal minerals, substantiating optimal production and reproduction volume of the mineral resource base. The geological and economic model for calculating the exploration volume for reproducing mineral resource base, developed in the framework of the study, has been tested and used in the Central Federal district (in the Federal budget institution “Territorial Fund of geological information for the Central Federal district” (Moscow); in the Department of subsoil use in the Central Federal district (Moscow) and the far Eastern Federal district in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the geological information funds, at the enterprise JSC “Polyus Aldan” and others. As the result of the research, a four-stage geological and economic model of the mineral resource base reproduction process was developed, on the basis of which methodological justification of geological and economic zoning of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was prepared on the level of mineral resource potential of reserves of non-ferrous metals and forecast resources, the geological exploration volume for reproducing the mineral resource base of non-ferrous metals.