bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Symbolic Consumption of Crafts
Authors: Amaya Tellez Jenny
Published: February 2017

This study approaches the factors associated with the symbolic consumption of crafts - ceramics and basket-making - of Ráquira and Guacamayas, objects that were exposed in Expoartesanías 2011, in the city of Bogota, and his relation with the construction of the national identity. The methodology of the investigation is quantitative with a descriptive multidimensional study, bearing the results of the survey in mind an analysis was realized lexicométrico - count of words - of conformities - importance - and his graphical representation in the plane factorial. The results allowed to identify the profile sociodemográfico, processes of consumption and the construction of identity related to the symbolic consumption of the above-mentioned crafts. In addition, and not less importantly it was the theoretical contribution to the concept of cultural consumption from his contradictions and possibilities.Este estudio aborda los factores asociados al consumo simbólico de artesanías –cerámica y cestería- de Ráquira y Guacamayas, objetos que fueron expuestos en Expoartesanías 2011, en la ciudad de Bogotá, y su relación con la construcción de la identidad nacional. La metodología empleada es cuantitativa bajo un estudio descriptivo multidimensional con base en los resultados de la encuesta, se realizó un análisis lexicométrico, de concordancias y representación gráfica. Los resultados permitieron identificar el perfil sociodemográfico, procesos de consumo y la construcción de identidad relacionada con el consumo simbólico de dichas artesanías. Además, y no menos importante fue el aporte teórico al concepto de consumo cultural desde sus contradicciones y posibilidades.Este estudo aborda os fatores associados ao consumo de -Ceramics artesanato simbólicos e cestería- Ráquira e araras, objetos que foram expostos em EXPOARTESANIAS 2011, na cidade de Bogotá, e sua relação com a construção da identidade nacional. A metodologia da pesquisa é estudo descritivo quantitativo, com um multidimensional, tendo em conta os resultados das lexicometrics análise de pesquisa -conteo de palavras de concordâncias -importancia- e sua representação gráfica no plano fatorial foi realizada. Os resultados permitiram identificar o perfil sócio-demográfico, os processos de consumo e a construção da identidade relacionada com o consumo simbólico destes ofícios. Além disso, e não menos a contribuição teórica foi o conceito de consumo cultural de suas contradições e possibilidades.
Metodología para el aprovechamiento de potencial energético con biomasa forestal en el departamento de Nariño: caso de estudio
Authors: Pantoja Bucheli Andrés Darío , Guerrero Ordoñez Juan Carlos , Castillo Muñoz Jhon Fredy
Published: February 2017

Introducción: el presente artículo es producto de investigación del proyecto “Análisis de oportunidades energéticas con fuentes alternativas en el departamento de Nariño –Alternar–”, ejecutado desde el 2014 hasta inicios del 2016, por la Universidad de Nariño, en cooperación con la Universidad de los Andes y ASC Ingeniería S. A. E. S. P., con el apoyo de la Gobernación de Nariño, y financiado por el Sistema General de Regalías durante el 2014, en Colombia. El objetivo de la investigación fue proponer un esquema de aprovechamiento integral y sostenible de los recursos locales para la generación de energía, investigando las tecnologías de redes inteligentes y microrredes aplicadas a zonas no interconectadas zni. Metodología: los estudios se llevaron a cabo en dos poblaciones de la región Pacífica nariñense, donde los índices de cobertura energética son muy bajos (2-5 horas/día). Para determinar el potencial energético de cada zni, se realizaron los siguientes pasos: caracterización geográfica y socioeconómica de la localidad, caracterización de la demanda energética, caracterización de los residuos forestales, diseño de la planta de gasificación y del sistema híbrido y el prediseño de la red eléctrica. Resultados: en las dos zni de estudio, se describen los equipos del sistema híbrido mediante simulaciones de optimización en Homer. Conclusiones: es factible usar residuos forestales para la energización de las zni con tecnologías sostenibles, para minimizar así la dependencia de combustibles fósiles y reducir la producción de los gases de efecto invernadero.
Capital Controls and Monetary Policy Autonomy in a Small Open Economy
Authors: Davis J. Scott , Presno Ignacio
Published: February 2017

Is there a link between capital controls and monetary policy autonomy in a country with a floating currency? Shocks to capital flows into a small open economy lead to volatility in asset prices and credit supply. To lessen the impact of capital flows on financial instability, a central bank finds it optimal to use the domestic interest rate to "manage" the capital account. Capital account restrictions affect the behavior of optimal monetary policy following shocks to the foreign interest rate. Capital controls allow optimal monetary policy to focus less on the foreign interest rate and more on domestic variables.
Desnaturalizando la cuenca en México: notas sobre el espacio hidropolítico
Authors: Olvera-Molina Mónica
Published: February 2017

El objetivo es comprender la relación de poder entre la institucionalización de la cuenca como un espacio de gestión del agua y la construcción de megaproyectos hidráulicos. El análisis tiene por base la geografía política crítica, la cual permite aprehender la relación entre poder y espacio geográfico, bajo el enfoque del espacio hidropolítico. Metodológicamente, el primer paso es cuestionar la naturalización del “espacio del agua”, para luego identificar el poder que lo articula, donde la política opera en toda su capacidad. Así, el artículo busca mostrar que la institucionalización de la gestión por cuencas, es fundamentalmente una producción política, que se define a partir de los intereses de los actores involucrados en los megaproyectos. Históricamente, este poder ha detonado problemáticas sociales en relación con la construcción de los mismos, tornando la producción del espacio del agua en autoritario y violento.
Agua, desarrollismo y emergencia del conflicto ambiental: El proyecto hidroeléctrico Paraná Medio en Santa Fe, Argentina (1957-1997)
Authors: Rausch Gisela Ariana
Published: February 2017

En un contexto histórico caracterizado por  la asunción de la finitud de los recursos energéticos y naturales, los análisis sobre el “hidropoder” han constituido un ámbito  prolífico para la discusión de los desequilibrios y las desigualdades sociales en el uso de los recursos naturales.Desde un abordaje interdisciplinar, y a través de un caso de proyecto hidroeléctrico, se analizan las relaciones entre los discursos del desarrollismo, las políticas públicas y las prácticas territoriales, en el contexto más general de aplicación de políticas económicas durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX en América Latina. Se pretende visibilizar cómo se construyen los discursos que legitiman prácticas territoriales en relación al uso de los recursos naturales y los conflictos derivados del acceso desigual a los mismos.
Linear identification of a servo-pneumatic system
Authors: Széll Károly , Czmerk András
Published: February 2017

The identification of a nonlinear system is quite challenging for engineers. This paper presents the automatic identification of a servo-pneumatic cylinder based on a framework implemented in MATLAB. The introduced application shortens the process length of identification and gives areference model, important for controlling.
Major infections in children with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: C. Krishnan , T. V. Rajesh , H. J. Shashidhara , M. P. Jayakrishnan , M. G. Geeta
Published: February 2017

Background: Infections remain an important cause of mortality and morbidity in children with nephrotic syndrome. It triggers the onset of disease or relapses and may also be responsible for a poor response to steroid therapy. Understanding the type and severity of infections is important in the appropriate management of these children. This study was conducted to determine the frequency and type of major infections in children with nephrotic syndrome.Methods: A longitudinal descriptive study was conducted in a tertiary center, in children between 1 and 12 years with nephrotic syndrome satisfying the International Study of kidney disease in children (ISKDC) criteria, from March 2013 to September 2014. Major infections were defined as infections affecting deep organs and tissues which warrant hospitalization. Results: A total of 246 children with nephrotic syndrome were enrolled, of whom 46 children developed 48(19.6%) episodes of major infections. Thirteen (27%) major infections occurred in the initial episode and 35(73%) in relapse cases. Pneumonia (41.7%) was the commonest infection, followed by urinary tract infection (25%), septicemia (16.7%), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (8.3%), cellulitis (4.2%), perinephric abscess (2.1%) and pulmonary tuberculosis (2.1%). Two children had multiple infections. Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus was the causative organism in 5 children with septicemia. A 24% of bacterial isolates were multidrug resistant.Conclusions: Major infections remain an important complication of nephrotic syndrome in children, especially during relapses. Drug resistant organisms should be considered while treating major infections in these children.
Acarofauna em açaizeiro (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) conduzido em diferentes sistemas de cultivo
Authors: Rodrigues Rodrigo Aguiar , Amaral Ester Azevedo do , Galvão Andréia Serra
Published: February 2017

O açaizeiro (Euterpe oleraceae) é a mais importante palmeira do gênero Euterpe conhecida no Brasil, que é cultivada em sistemas de cultivo solteiro e consorciado. Apesar da grande utilidade, esta palmeira se destaca no fornecimento de dois produtos alimentares economicamente rentáveis, os frutos e o palmito. Em razão da sua importância, objetivou-se com este trabalho realizar o levantamento da acarofauna presente em cultivos de açaizeiro no município de São Luís - Maranhão. As amostragens foram realizadas mensalmente, no período de agosto de 2012 a julho de 2013, em açaizeiros cultivados em dois sistemas plantio: solteiro e consorciado. A análise faunística foi feita pelo programa ANAFAU, no qual foram determinados os índices de abundância, frequência, dominância, constância e diversidade. Foram encontrados 6.274 ácaros, sendo 4.748 no sistema de consórcio e 1.526 no cultivo solteiro. Entre a ocorrência de ácaros fitófagos, as famílias Tenuipalpidae e Tetranychidae se destacaram nos dois cultivos. Em relação às famílias de ácaros predadores, a Phytoseiidae foi considerada superdominante, superabundante, superfrequente e constante; as espécies Amblyseius largoensis, Euseius concordis e Iphiseiodes zuluagai foram dominantes em ambos os sistemas de cultivo, porém o cultivo consorciado apresentou maior diversidade em relação ao cultivo solteiro. Na flutuação populacional, observaram-se maiores populações de ácaros nos períodos de menor precipitação pluviométrica nos dois sistemas estudados.
Efecto del flúor y xilitol en la actividad antimicrobiana de dentífricos infantiles
Authors: Lucena Gilmara Medeiros , França Renata Sobreira , Oliveira Alba Valeska Alves de , Carlo Hugo Lemes , Carvalho Fabiola Galbiatti de
Published: February 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do flúor e do xilitol na atividade antimicrobiana de dentifrícios infantis contra Streptococcus mutans por difusão em ágar. Seis dentifrícios foram testados de acordo com a presença/concentração de flúor e xilitol: 1-Condor Bambinos; 2-Bitufo Cocoricó; 3-Colgate Smiles; 4-Bitufo Penélope; 5-Tandy e 6-Aquafresh Kids. Após a solidificação do meio ágar em placas, 200µL do inóculo (S. mutans UA 159) foram dispensados sobre o meio e cinco poços foram confeccionados em cada placa para preenchimento com os dentifrícios, totalizando dez poços para cada dentifrício. As placas foram incubadas a 37ºC por 48h. Os valores de halos de inibição foram analisados por ANOVA one-way e Tukey (α=0,05%). Houve diferença significante entre os dentifrícios fluoretados, de modo que o dentifrício Aquafresh apresentou o maior halo de inibição contra S. mutans. A concentração de flúor influenciou a atividade antimicrobiana dos dentifrícios infantis, entretanto, o xilitol não exerceu influência.
Gestión del conocimiento y políticas de innovación
Authors: Pabón Cadavid Jhonny Antonio
Published: February 2017

La implementación a nivel organizacional de una adecuada gestión del conocimiento y la administración e identificación del capital intelectual determinan la efectividad de las políticas nacionales de innovación. Este artículo analiza la intersección entre políticas nacionales de innovación y la gestión del conocimiento en las organizaciones para transferir valor a la economía y a la sociedad en general. Para ello estudia la reciente literatura relacionada directa e indirectamente con esta intersección. El documento introduce y define los conceptos principales que resultan relevantes para la comprensión del tema. Después de eso se señalan algunos modelos teóricos recientes para comprender la innovación más allá de los modelos lineales y de triple hélice, resaltando la democratización de la educación y de la producción de conocimiento como parte en el análisis de los modelos de innovación. El escrito resalta la importancia de la valuación del capital intelectual, con especial énfasis en políticas nacionales y organizacionales enfocadas en el capital humano, los activos del conocimiento y la educación. Señala asimismo los clústeres y parques tecnológicos como ejemplos valiosos para analizar las intersecciones de las macro y micro políticas de innovación. Finalmente, las conclusiones se centran en una reflexión de cierre sobre la coordinación de esfuerzos a nivel gubernamental y organizacional, y en algunas sugerencias para nuevas investigaciones sobre este tema.
Lobatto-Milstein Numerical Method in Application of Uncertainty Investment of Solar Power Projects
Authors: Eissa Mahmoud A. , Tian Boping
Published: February 2017

Recently, there has been a growing interest in the production of electricity from renewable energy sources (RES). The RES investment is characterized by uncertainty, which is long-term, costly, depend on feed-in-tariff and support schemes. In this paper, we address the real option valuation (ROV) of a solar power plant investment. The real option framework is investigated. This framework considers the renewable certificate price, furthermore the cost of delay between establishing and operating the solar power plant. The optimal time of launching the project and assess the value of deferred option are discussed. The new three stage numerical methods are constructed, the Lobatto3C-Milstein (L3CM) methods. The numerical methods are integrated with concept of Black-Scholes option pricing theory, and applied in option valuation for solar energy investment with uncertainty. The numerical results of L3CM, finite difference and Monte Carlo methods are compared to show the efficiency of our methods. Our data set refers to the Arab Republic of Egypt.
BRAND PERSONALITY TOWARD CUSTOMER PURCHASE INTENTION: THE INTERMEDIATE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC WORD-OF-MOUTH AND BRAND EQUITY
Authors: Hojjat Vahdati  , Seyed Hadi Mousavi Nejad
Published: February 2017

Organizations like banks with the ability to develop an understanding of and capability in predicting customer's behaviour are organisations that have an edge over their competitors in the marketplace. One way of how organization's competitive advantage can be achieved is when they can determine their customer's purchase intention of products. This study attempts to investigate if brand personality, e-WOM and brand equity are determining factors that influence bank's customers purchase intention which can lead to their purchase decision later. Here, Mellat Bank in Iran is used as a case study and the bank's customers participated as respondents in a survey. The study tested seven hypotheses using structural equation modeling techniques. The findings show that brand personality, e-WOM and brand equity have positive and significant effects on customer's purchase intentions. The results also reveal that these factors have positive internal effects on each other. In addition, e-WOM and brand equity show positive mediator roles.
CLUSTERING SHOPPERS BY MALL EXPERIENCE FOR EMERGING INDIAN CITY
Authors: Sanjeev Prashar  , Sumeet Gupta  , Harvinder Singh  , T. Sai Vijay  , Chandan Parsad
Published: February 2017

India is undergoing drastic transformation in its organised retail sector. Followed by Tier 1 cities, Tier 2 cities are also witnessing an upsurge in retail malls, owing to the burgeoning middle class, growing income levels and a more accommodative attitude towards modern shopping formats. However, due to increased competition and relatively lower population in these cities, the malls are ending up eating each other's footfalls. Therefore, it is highly imperative for mall managers to ascertain features that would differentiate them from their competitors. The objective of this study is to segment and profile shoppers based on their orientation towards different factors associated with an organised retail using hierarchical and non-hierarchical clustering techniques. Two segments were identified through the analysis. Each segment was profiled in terms of mall attractiveness characteristics, demographics and behavioural factors. Results of both hierarchical and k-means cluster analysis suggests two prominent groups among shoppers, namely relatively higher aged service class people and young students. Constituents of these segments also reveal distinct patterns. The younger segment pays more importance to variables like mall events and promotional schemes being organised by malls and/ or retailers. There is less impact of these variables on aged service class segment. This study is a useful contribution to the existing body of knowledge on management of shopping malls in India and is unique in terms of its focus on consumers' in tier two Indian cities like Raipur. This enables retail managers to prepare suitable retailing policies and strategies to cater to each segment. Findings of this research may be used, as guidelines for the development of strategic framework by retail mall managers in catering to their target segments.
EFFECTS OF LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE, INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP, INDIVIDUAL FEELING OF ENERGY AND CREATIVE WORK INVOLVEMENT TOWARDS TURNOVER INTENTION: A PATH ANALYSIS USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING
Authors: Muhammad Shahnawaz Adil  , Ayesha Awais
Published: February 2017

This study investigates the impact of leader-member exchange (LMX), interpersonal relationship, individual feeling of energy and creative work involvement on turnover intention. A sample of 300 respondents is drawn from the manufacturing sector of Karachi. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to assess the reliability and validity of the measurement model. Structural equation modeling method was applied to test the six hypotheses. The results show that interpersonal relationship is positively related with turnover intention. LMX is positively related with individual feeling of energy which is in turn, positively related with creative work involvement. Moreover, LMX is found negatively related with turnover intention. In particular, LMX and creative work involvement have shown an insignificant impact on interpersonal relationship and turnover intention respectively. The managerial implications and areas for future research are discussed.
AUDIT EXEMPTION FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES: PERCEPTIONS OF MALAYSIAN AUDITORS
Authors: Hasnah Haron  , Ishak Ismail  , Yuvaraj Ganesan  , Zulhawati Hamzah
Published: February 2017

The objective of the study is to examine audit firm size, the provision of non-audit services (NAS) and audit tenure as factors that influence the likelihood that an auditor agrees with allowing audit exemption. This study employs a 2 × 2 × 2 within-subject experimental design. Respondent auditors were required to evaluate 8 case scenarios. A total of 79 questionnaires were returned and used for data analysis. General Linear Measurement (Repeat Measure) was used to analyse the data. The study found that an audit firm size has a significant impact on the likelihood that an auditor agrees with offering audit exemption. The larger the size of the firm, the greater is the likelihood of agreeing with allowing audit exemption. Therefore, it is suggested that small audit firms (with 5 or fewer employees) merge and focus on activities that contribute more added value such as consultancy. In so doing, auditors from these firms would be required to improve their knowledge and capacity by offering these services and not merely focusing on traditional audit work for SMEs. This is because SMEs are known to have limited resources and capacity and thus would be expected to have poor internal control. The requirement of a mandatory audit for such firms might lead auditors to compromise their independence. Thus, the government and the Malaysian Institute of Accountant (MIA) should help small audit firms to develop the necessary knowledge, skills and competencies to perform non-audit services.
Temporal–Spatial Characterization of Seed Proteins and Oil in Widely Grown Soybean Cultivars across a Century of Breeding in China
Authors: Wu Tingting , Yang Xiushi , Sun Shi , Wang Caijie , Wang Ying , Jia Hongchang , Man Weiqun , Fu Lianshun , Song Wenwen , Wu Cunxiang , Yan Hongrui , Jiang Bingjun , Hou Wensheng , Ren Guixing , Han Tianfu
Published: February 2017

Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are the predominant source of plant protein and vegetable oil in the human diet, and nutritional components, especially protein and oil, are important in soybean production and breeding. The current study aimed to identify the genetic progress of seed protein and oil in soybean cultivars grown widely over a century and to assess the spatial distribution of seed proteins and oil among four production regions (the Northern Heilongjiang region [NH], the Mid‐Southern Heilongjiang region [MSH], the Jilin and Liaoning region [JL], and the Huang‐Huai‐Hai River Valley [HH] region). Eighty‐nine widely grown soybean cultivars representing a span of 84 yr (1923–2007) of release were included, and a combination of analytical techniques was used to quantify seed protein, oil, amino acid, and fatty acid contents. It was found (i) that the temporal pattern over nine decades of genetic breeding exhibited a decreasing trend with regard to the concentrations of proteins and amino acids (arginine, glutamic acid, and histidine) and with stable trends for oil content. The fatty acid content showed variable changing patterns in different regions. (ii) The spatial distribution indicated the highest protein content and most fatty acids in the HH region and the lowest in the JL region; oil content showed the opposite pattern. (iii) Negative associations between protein and oil contents and yield were observed, with positive associations between protein content and contents of amino acids and most fatty acids. These results provide a comprehensive temporal–spatial profile of soybean seed proteins and oil in different regions and across different decades. These findings will help to provide strategies for manipulating the soybean composition and for improving soybean seed quality and nutritional value through genetic breeding.
Ovary Size in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is Related to Cell Number
Authors: Reale L. , Rosati A. , Tedeschini E. , Ferri V. , Cerri M. , Ghitarrini S. , Timorato V. , Ayano B. E. , Porfiri O. , Frenguelli G. , Ferranti F. , Benincasa P.
Published: February 2017

In wheat and other grain species, variations in kernel size are related to variations in ovary size. It is not known whether environmental factors that are known to affect kernel size may also affect ovary size, thus maintaining the kernel size‐ovary size correlation. Additionally, it is not known whether variations in ovary size in wheat depend on cell size, cell number or both. In this study, ovary size was measured with a stereomicroscope, and ovary wall cell size and number were measured in equatorial cross‐sectional areas of the ovary wall in two common wheat cultivars with different kernel size: Bora (large kernels) and Bologna (small kernels). Plants were grown at low and high N fertilization (0 and 240 kg ha−1) with normal density (450 seeds m−2), and at low and high plant density (200 and 650 plants m−2) with normal fertilization (160 kg N ha−1). The variation in ovary wall size across all data pooled (i.e., including two genotypes, two N and two density treatments, and including within treatment variations), was related to cell number and not to the cell size, which did not vary significantly with cultivar and field practices. With increasing ovule size, ovary wall size increased less than proportionally, thus the ovule/ovary ratio increased. Cell size in the ovary wall showed an upper limit across all treatments, which decreased with increasing cell number. These findings may be useful for breeding programs and field practices aimed at increasing kernel size and yield.
Pedotransfer Functions to Estimate Parameters for Soil Phosphorus Models
Authors: Valadares S.V. , Cropper W.P. , Lima Neves Júlio C. , Leite Hélio G. , Barros Nairam F. , Gerber Stefan
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas

Equations with relatively simple parameters were provided to estimate soil solution phosphorus.

A regression was fitted to estimate partition coefficients of desorption isotherms.

The functions presented facilitate parameterization of existing P simulation models.

Parameters of mechanistic and empirical models to simulate nutrient dynamics in soil–plant systems are not always readily available. One way to address this problem is by developing pedotransfer functions to estimate such parameters. In this study, we derive pedotransfer functions to estimate the P contents in soil solutions (Psol) of Brazilian soils and to estimate the partition coefficient of P desorption isotherms (kd,ds). We compiled data from previous studies and developed linear and nonlinear regression models to estimate P in soil solution as a function of P extracted by Mehlich‐1 (M1) and of soil clay. A regression model was also used to obtain a relationship between the partition coefficients of sorption and desorption isotherms for soils with different physicochemical characteristics. The functions presented here facilitate parameterization of existing P simulation models for Brazilian soils that are increasingly important for both scientific research and nutrient management.
Comparison of MI, Chromocult® coliform, and Compass CC chromogenic culture-based methods to detect Escherichia coli and total coliforms in water using 16S rRNA sequencing for colony identification
Authors: Maheux Andrée F. , Bouchard Sébastien , Bérubé Ève , Bergeron Michel G.
Published: February 2017

The MI, Chromocult® coliform, and Compass CC chromogenic culture-based methods used to assess water quality by the detection of Escherichia coli and total coliforms were compared in terms of their specificity and sensitivity, using 16S rRNA sequencing for colony identification. A sewage water sample was divided in 2-μL subsamples for testing by all three culture-based methods. All growing colonies were harvested and subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing. Test results showed that all E. coli colonies were correctly identified by all three methods, for a specificity and a sensitivity of 100%. However, for the total coliform detection, the MI agar, Chromocult® coliform agar, and Compass CC agar were specific for only 69.2% (9/13), 47.2% (25/53), and 40.5% (17/42), whereas sensitive for 97.8% (45/46), 97.5% (39/40), and 85.7% (24/28), respectively. Thus, given the low level of specificity of these methods for the detection of total coliforms, confirming the identity of total coliform colonies could help to take public health decisions, in particular for cities connected to a public drinking water distribution system since the growth of few putative total coliform colonies on chromogenic agar is problematic and can lead to unnecessary and costly boiling notices from public health authorities.
Effect of trihalomethanes (chloroform and bromoform) on human haematological count
Authors: Lodhi Asna , Hashmi Imran , Nasir Habib , Khan Romana
Published: February 2017

With the increasing concerns about the harmful effects of disinfection products, the process of chlorination is becoming questionable. Bromoform and chloroform are among the most frequently occurring disinfection by-products. Haematological parameters are an important indicator of human well-being which is why the prime objective of the current study was to conduct a dose–response assessment to investigate the effects of trihalomethanes on human haematological count. Blood samples of healthy subjects were exposed to different concentrations (10, 30 and 50 μg/mL) of chloroform and bromoform in vitro to analyse how these compounds affected the haematological count with increasing dose concentrations. Headspace gas chromatography analysis was also conducted on samples to assess the difference between measured and spiked values of doses. The results indicated that the damage caused by bromoform was statistically more significant as compared to chloroform. Haemoglobin (HGB) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration levels lowered as they were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by bromoform at all administered doses. It also significantly damaged platelet level at doses of 30 (p < 0.05) and 50 μg/mL (p < 0.01). Conversely, the damage caused by chloroform was statistically less significant (p > 0.05).
Adsorption of arsenic from drinking water using natural orange waste: kinetics and fluidized bed column studies
Authors: Irem Samra , Islam Ejazul , Mahmood Khan Qaiser , Anwar ul Haq Muhammad , Jamal Hashmat Amer
Published: February 2017

The biosorption potential of orange waste (OW) was investigated using synthetic solutions of arsenic and contaminated drinking water under different parameters, e.g. biosorbent dose, initial concentrations of solution, contact time, and pH in a batch system. The optimum conditions were identified as a contact time of 30 minutes, pH 6, biosorbent dose of 1 g L−1, and initial arsenic concentration of 250 ppb. A fluidized bed column was used to study the removal of arsenic in the column. The results showed that biosorption of arsenic gave promising results in batch and continuous system, lowering the arsenic concentration down to WHO standards (10 ppb) for drinking water. The Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that hydroxyl and carboxyl groups were major active sites for biosorption, while the results of scanning electron microscopy showed obvious changes in surface morphology of OW after the biosorption process. With 90% removal efficiency, results indicated that OW is a cost-effective and eco-friendly biosorbent and comparable to current drinking water treatment technologies. Further research is needed to get the optimum conditions for pilot-scale testing of the biosorption process by OW as well as evaluation of treated water for food quality parameters in order to commercialize the process.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL BIMBINGAN KLASIKAL UNTUK MENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SMP
Authors: Farozin Muh
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Pengembangan Model Bimbingan Klasikal untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa SMP. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model bimbingan klasikal untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa SMP di Kulon Progo Yogyakarta dan mengetahui efektivitas modelnya. Pendekatan penelitian adalah Research and Development dengan subjek penelitian siswa dan guru bimbingan dan konseling. Metode pengumpulan data adalah angket bimbingan klasikal dan inventori motivasi belajar. Analisis data menggunakan uji t dan deskriptif. Bimbingan klasikal dilaksanakan melalui interaksi edukatif, menggunakan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, media film, LCD, hand out, papan tulis, terjadwal sepuluh pertemuan, disusun satuan layanan dengan topik delapan faktor instriksik motivasi belajar siswa. Uji efektivitas model menggunakan pretest dan posttest motivasi belajar siswa. Secara keluruhan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bimbingan klasikal efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa SMP di Kulon Progo dengan kontribusi peningkatan 44,99%. Kata Kunci: bimbingan klasikal, motivasi belajar
FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENENTU KOMITMEN ORGANISASI KEPALA SMK (Studi Kasus pada SMK di Kota Medan)
Authors: Situmorang Benyamin
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penentu komitmen organisasi kepala SMK di Kota Medan, dan menentukan model teoretik yang dapat menggambarkan hubungan kausalistik antarvariabel laten yang menentukan komitmen organisasi kepala sekolah. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 152 orang dan sampel 110 yang diambil dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Data komitmen organisasi, budaya organisasi, kepemimpinan, komunikasi interpersonal, dan kepuasan kerja dijaring dengan menggunakan kuesioner model skala Likert. Uji persyaratan analisis mencakup uji normalitas data dan uji linieritas regresi, sedangkan untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian digunakan path analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesepuluh hipotesis yang diajukan berpengaruh langsung terhadap hal-hal terkait yang dikaji. Berdasarkan penerimaan kesepuluh hipotesis penelitian, ditemukan s s u u a a t t u u model teoretik yang menggambarkan struktur hubungan kausal antara variabel budaya organisasi, kepemimpinan, komunikasi interpersonal, kepuasan kerja, dan komitmen organisasi kepala SMK. Kata Kunci: komitmen organisasi, budaya organisasi, kepemimpinan, komunikasi interperso- nal, kepuasan kerja
EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI PEMBELAJARAN TEKNIK DRAPING BERBANTUAN VIDEO DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Widjiningsih . , Sugiyono . , Gafur Abdul
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efektivitas model pembelajaran teknik Draping Berbantuan Video (MPTDBV) di perguruan tinggi dan perangkatnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan, dengan tahapan pengembangan versi Borg & Gall, yang dimodifikasi menjadi enam langkah. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa S1 Prodi Pendidikan Teknik Busana Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, dan dosen pengajar mata kuliah Teknik Draping. Data diperoleh melalui uji kelompok kecil dan besar dengan melibatkan dua pengamat, serta dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Model-PTDBV yang diterapkan pada pembelajaran mata kuliah Teknik Draping terbukti efektif dan efisien dengan perangkat yang meliputi buku panduan model, perangkat pembelajaran yang terdiri atas RPP, job sheet dalam bentuk buku, video dalam bentuk compact disk (CD), dan lembar penilaian unjuk kerja dengan rubrik. Kata Kunci: pengembangan, Model-PTDV, teknik draping
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MULTI REPRESENTASI UNTUK PENINGKATAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP FISIKA KUANTUM
Authors: . Abdurrahman , . Liliasari , Rusli A , Waldrip Bruce
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Implementation of Multiple-Representation-Based Instructions to Improve the Mastery of Quantum Physics Concepts. This study aimed to design and investigate the role of multiple-representation-based instructions in the improvement of student teachers’ quantum physics mastery. This study used a quasi-experimental control group pretest-posttest design as quantitative part of a mixed-methods study. The subjects were student teachers of physics in the Department of Mathematics and Science Education in a state university in Lampung Province in the 2009-2010 academic year. For assessing the quantum physics mastery, the Quantum Physics Concept Achievement Test (QPCAT) was used. The quantitative analyses were conducted using the Mann Whitney U test. The results showed that multiple-representation-based instructions had a significant effect on student teachers’ quantum physics concept mastery. The results of semi-structured interviews as qualitative part of this study indicated that in the experimental group the students used a variety of representation modes in the learning process and were capable of using the most appropriate one to solve a given quantum physics concept problem. Keywords: quantum physics, multiple representations, concept mastery
Cakrawala Pendidikan, November 2010, Th. XXIX, No. 3
Authors: Cakrawala Admin
Published: February 2017

Daftar Isi Cakrawala Pendidikan, Edisi November 2010, Th. XXIX, No. 3
PENGARUH PEMECAHAN MASALAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SENAM ARTISTIK
Authors: Sukoco Pamuji
Published: February 2017

Abstract: The Contributions of Problem Solving on the Improvement of Artistic Gymnastics Learning Outcomes. This study aims to improve the psychomotor skills in artistic gymnastics and cognitive skills of the students of Physical Education, Health, and Recreation (PEHR), Faculty of Sports Sciences, Yogyakarta State University in the academic year of 2008/2009 through the problem-solving learning strategy. This was an action research study involving two cycles. The subjects were the students of the non-regular PEHR program. The data were analyzed using the quantitative descriptive technique. The results showed that the learning approach to artistic gymnastics using the problem-solving learning strategy was capable of improving the psychomotor and cognitive skills indicated by the artistic gymnastics learning outcomes with a mean of 7.02. Keywords: problem solving, learning outcomes, artistic gymnastics
Pemikiran Pendidikan al-Ghazali
Authors: Sodiq Muhammad Jafar
Published: February 2017

There are many controversial views in assessing Al-Ghazali thought. For example, there is an opinion that the reason of Islam deterioration is caused by his categorisation of fard 'ain for Religious Studies, and fard kifayah for others. Abdulloh Mas'ud said that the dichotomy in education today can be traced to his categorisation. On the other hand, there are many defenders declared that al Ghazali is not responsible for this dichotomy, but he is the true defender of Islam. Even al-Zubaidi, he said that If there is a prophet after Muhammad, he would be al - Ghazali. Based on these controversies, this article will describe al-Ghazali's ideas about education in his two books, Ihya Ulumuddin and Ayyuhal Walad. This article concluded that al-Ghazali's ideas can not be separated from its socio-cultural context. With this perspective we can get a whole picture of al-Ghazali. He lived in a period of the emersion of various sects and schools (mazhab) in Islam, the deterioration of the Abbasid dynasty, and the golden age of the dynasty Saljuk until its collapse. Al-Ghazali's educational thought is an integral part of this dynamics Islamic civilization in general. Thus, Islamic education also should not be alienated from the economic, political and social conditions that affect and determine the direction and the shape of Islamic civilization.
KONSEP ANALISIS SWOT DALAM PENINGKATAN MUTU LEMBAGA MADRASAH
Authors: Hadi Abdul
Published: February 2017

Education is an important part of national development that determines nation’s economic growth. It also an investment in human resources development that improves ability as supporting factors in human life. In managing educational system, capacity is needed, especially by stake holder, from central, region until head master. Head master has a great role in managing educational system at school and teacher teach their students and organize learning activity effectively. Globalization forces the educational institution to prepare the students to deal with global changes. So that the student capable enough to be the agent of change from a positive angel. One of concept introduced by educational system to deal with the global change is SWOT analysis. SWOT is stand for Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Thread.
Psycholingwistyczny portret sprawcy przestępstw. Wstęp do dyskusji
Authors: Stawnicka Jadwiga , Klonowska Iwona
Published: February 2017

Artykuł dotyczy jednego z aspektów lingwistyki kryminalistycznej, tj. ustalania autorstwa kwestionowanych wypowiedzi. Odbywa się to przy współpracy lingwisty – tworzącego profil lingwistyczny autora tekstów – i psychologa – który tworzy profil psychologiczny. Współpraca specjalistów może być wykorzystana na płaszczyźnie opiniowania wykorzystywanego dla celów śledczych oraz sądowych. Ekspertyzy z zakresu lingwistyki kryminalistycznej (forensic linguistics, niem. forensische Linguistik) obejmują: ustalanie autorstwa/wykonawstwa wypowiedzi na podstawie treści mówionej lub pisanej (np. listów pożegnalnych, listów z pogróżkami, żądań okupu), możliwość ustalania autorstwa anonimowych tekstów w Internecie, ustalenie cech językowych stalkerów i cyberstalkerów, które mogą zidentyfikować nadawcę komunikatu ze względu na kraj pochodzenia, konstruowanie profilu językowego autora anonimów, profilu lingwistycznego autora znanego tekstu. Dodać należy, iż analiza zawartości treściowo-językowej dokumentów zawiera składnik emocjonalny, co wiąże się z posiadaną wiedzą na temat językowych uwarunkowań wyrażania emocji, zarówno negatywnych, jak i pozytywnych. Istotnym elementem tekstu jest kwestia portretu psychologicznego nadawcy (autora i/lub wykonawcy) tekstu na podstawie zidentyfikowanych cech językowych.
Factors of fraud occurrence and corporate governance structures: Evidence from emerging market Malaysia
Authors: Zam Zuraidah Mohd , Pok Wee Ching , Ahmed Abdullahi D.
Published: February 2017

The main objective of this research is to examine the possible factors of the corporate environment which may contribute to the occurrence of fraud by investigating whether there are any differences in corporate governance, earnings management activities and compensation structures between scandal and non-scandal firms. The sample of this study consists of 57 scandal firms matched with non-scandal firms in the Malaysian financial environment. The scandal firms are the Malaysian publicly listed companies which have been reported to be involved in fraud over the period 1995 to 2008. Non-parametric tests such as Paired t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test are conducted to investigate the differences in characteristics of the two sub-groups (scandal firms vs. non-scandal firms). The results show that the independent directors of scandal firms were holding fewer directorships. In addition, there is evidence to show that scandal firms are reporting lower earnings and therefore paying lower dividends. However, no significant differences are found in the compensation structures of the executive directors in both sets of our sample. The results of the logistic regression reveal that factors such as the nature of dividend payments; the effectiveness of independent committees and the influence of powerful/dominant positions in a company may have been contributing to fraud.
Historical antecedents shaping corporate reporting in Iran
Authors: Yaftian Ali , Wise Victoria , Mirshekary Soheila
Published: February 2017

This research paper examines the evolution of corporate reporting and governance in Iran over the last century. The approach adopted was to provide an historical perspective to examine the environment within which Iranian corporate reporting has emerged and been shaped. An historical framework allows the study to focus on the evolution and development of corporate reporting practice in Iran. By adopting an historical framework, this study is able to inform future research based on models that adopt an evolutionary approach to the assessment of environmental factors on economic systems. The conclusion reached in this study is that socio-economic and political changes during the century have been opportune as drivers of corporate reporting in Iran. The study makes an incremental contribution to the existing accounting history literature for Asia / Middle East / developing countries
Stock market development and economic growth in developing countries: Evidence from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshammary Meshaal J.
Published: February 2017

This study investigates the long-term and short-term relationships between stock market development and economic growth in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) for the period from January 1993 to December 2009. It employs a wide range of vector autoregression (VAR) models to evaluate the importance and impact of stock market development on economic growth. We used real GDP growth rates as a proxy for economic growth and the stock market index (SMI) as a proxy for the stock market development. The vector-error cointegration model (VECM) indicates a significant long-term causal relationship between economic growth and the stock market development. Granger causality tests show weak bidirectional causal relationship between stock market development and economic growth supporting the feedback view in the short run. The study implications are as follows. Firstly, investment in real economic activities leads to economic growth. Secondly, the stock market might hinder economic growth due to its volatile and international risk sharing nature, low free-floating share ratio, number of listed companies and the domination of Saudi Individual Stock Trades (SIST) characteristics. Thirdly, policymakers should seek to minimise stock market volatility and fluctuations, increase both the free-floating share ratio and number of listed companies and shift investment domination toward corporate investors by considering its effect on economic growth when formulating economic policies.
Board characteristics and financial reporting quality: evidence from Jordan
Authors: Alzoubi Ebraheem Saleem Salem
Published: February 2017

This paper aims outspreading preexisting researches by assessing practically and empirically how board characteristics play a vibrant role in magnitude of earning management (EM) for the Jordanian listed companies. In particular, the paper throws its light on the principle features of the board of directors, i.e. board independence, CEO duality, financial expertise, governance expertise, firm-specific expertise and size. In this paper, a cross-sectional version of the Modified Jones Model is applied to ensure the accurate assessment of the key impacts of board characteristics on EM for a sample of 86 industrial listed companies on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) for the years 2008 to 2010. Discretionary accruals are used as proxy for EM. This study, on the basis of findings, reveals the significant correlation between salient board features and EM. Findings of this systematic observation demonstrate that board independence, financial expertise, governance expertise and size have a negative relation with EM. It also found that CEO duality and board firm-specific expertise have an obvious positive relation with discretionary accruals. The findings suggested that the board character has an effective role in detecting EM and in turn improve financial reporting quality (FRQ). In real fields, the discoveries of this paper portray valuable information for the regulators in different countries. The results also provide useful information for investors in assessing the impact of board characteristics on FRQ. In fact, previous studies on this very issue in this context do not meet the demand of comprehensive observation appropriately. To make input in this area, particularly among Jordanian companies, this study will extend the scope through providing empirically tested findings of the role of board directors’ characteristics on EM. In addition, this paper is the first empirical study to investigate the relationship between the board of directors’ characteristics and EM in Jordan.