bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political Identities, Religious Identity, and the Pattern of Moral Foundations among Conservative Christians
Authors: Sutton Geoffrey William , Kelly Heather L. , Huver Marin E.
Published: October 2019

Consistent with social identity theory, political identity was strongly linked to conservative Christians’ morality represented by the Moral Foundation Theory model. Participants identifying as Democrats scored significantly higher than did those identifying as Republicans on the individualizing foundations of care and fairness but significantly lower than Republicans on the binding foundations of authority, loyalty, and purity. In addition, political identity differentially related to the two liberty subfoundations consistent with salient political party themes. Hierarchical regression analyses identified political identity as a consistent predictor of all moral foundations beyond the variance accounted for by unique contributions of gender and education. RS factors, primarily fundamentalism, contributed additional incremental value to predicting the three binding but not the individualizing foundations, which suggests a congruent dual identity (political, religious) for Republicans that does not hold for Democrats.
Building integrated photovoltaic modules and the integration of phase change materials for equatorial applications
Authors: Karthick A , Kalidasa Murugavel K , Sudalaiyandi K , Muthu Manokar A
Published: October 2019

The performance of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system depends on the geographical location and the incident angle of solar radiation. In this paper, a simple mathematical model has been developed to predict the performance of BIPV modules with and without phase change material (PCM). The effect of transmittance of the BIPV glass cover is studied with respect to incident solar radiation. The performance curves, annual energy and exergy gains are analysed for hot and humid climatic conditions of Kovilpatti (9°10′0′′N, 77°52′0′′E), Tamil Nadu, India. The annual electrical energy gains of the BIPV-PCM for the south orientation is (135 kWh) and the east orientation (110 kWh) obtained the minimum. Similarly, the annual electrical energy of the BIPV-PCM is maximum in the east orientation and minimum in the west orientation. The south orientation BIPV-PCM obtained the maximum energy (190 kWh) and exergy (27.3 kWh). The theoretically calculated results have good agreement with experimental results.

Practical application: Integration of photovoltaic modules into the building structure has many benefits and challenges; before integrating into the building structure, the performance and impact of the BIPV module needs to be studied. This study will assist developers and designers to understand the likely performance of the BIPV modules and assess the benefit of integrated phase change materials for application in residential buildings in equatorial climate zones.
Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis and Voice Therapy: Does Age Matter? A Prospective Study With 100 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Santos Mariline , Vaz Freitas Susana , Santos Pedro , Carvalho Isabel , Coutinho Miguel , Moreira da Silva Álvaro , Almeida e Sousa Cecília
Published: October 2019

Objective:

To use a multidimensional assessment to analyze potential influence of “aging” in the functional outcomes achieved by a group of patients with recent onset of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) who underwent voice therapy.

Design:

Prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study.

Setting:

Otolaryngology department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto.

Participants:

Patients with UVFP who underwent voice therapy.

Main Outcome Measures:

Data regarding gender, age, side and position of the paralyzed vocal fold, etiology, comorbidities, and Voice Handicap Index (VHI)—30 questions, before and after voice therapy, were collected. Glottal insufficiency was also evaluated, by endoscopic laryngoscopy, before and after voice therapy.

Results:

A total of 100 patients (76 females and 24 males) with UVFP were included. Mean age was 61.04 years (range: 21-88 years). The mean score of VHI, before and after voice therapy, was statistically different ( P < .001) with a lower score after therapy. The score of VHI was not influenced by age ( P = .717). However, for each 10-year increase in age, the score of VHI, before and after voice therapy, increased 1.91 and 2.86 units, respectively. As concerns endoscopic findings, 80% of patients exhibited better glottis closure after voice therapy ( P < .001), and this was not influenced by age. Nevertheless, for each 10-year increase in age, the chance of endoscopic improvement reduced 3%.

Conclusions:

A clear and significant improvement was visible in the endoscopic and self-assessment ratings after rehabilitation by isolated voice therapy. Despite possible anatomical and physiological aging changes in the phonatory system, age did not compromise the successful rate obtained by voice therapy.
Development of a multidimensional, multi-informant measure of teacher mindfulness as experienced and expressed in the middle school classroom
Authors: Rickert Nicolette P. , Skinner Ellen A. , Roeser Robert W.
Published: October 2019

In response to growing interest in mindfulness as a support for educators, the current study sought to create and test a new multidimensional and multi-informant measure of teacher mindfulness in the classroom. To counter some of the limitations of context-general self-reports, we designed two theoretically based classroom-specific measures that capture the experience and expression of mindful teacher behavior from the perspective of teachers and students. Drawing on emerging consensus from experts on mindfulness in education, the measures incorporated three dimensions of mindfulness, namely, Calm, Clear, and Kind teacher behavior in the classroom, as well as their antitheses, namely, Reactive, Distracted, and Critical teacher behavior. Utilizing data from 78 sixth- to eighth-grade teachers and 550 of their students, teacher- and student-report item sets tapping these dimensions were tested for reliability and validity across three time points. Based on confirmatory factor, reliability, structural invariance, and correlational analyses, subscales generally demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties, cross-year stabilities, convergent and criterion validity with multiple established measures, and some overlap across reporters. In terms of connections to observer ratings from the CLASS-S, teacher subscales showed consistent but modest connections, whereas student subscales showed higher correlations (especially at time 2), suggesting that students and observers converged in their perceptions of teachers’ expressions of mindfulness. Possible improvements to both measures as well as implications for future research on teacher mindfulness are discussed.
Digital identity and the online self: Footprint strategies – An exploratory and comparative research study
Authors: Feher Katalin
Published: October 2019

Reflecting on the thousands of diverse research studies of social media representation and digital privacy, this article presents a comprehensive summary of online personal strategies. First, the evolution of academic concepts about digital identity and the online self is summarised. Then, the article investigates the key dynamics of personal strategies and control issues in detail with ideas, experiences, stories and metaphors taken from 60 qualitative interviews from Central and Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia. According to the key findings of this article, the universal patterns of online personal strategies follow mostly conscious decisions, resulting in users maintaining 70% control of their digital footprints. However, the remaining 30% of online activities are unconscious floating with digital dynamics and resulting in a wide range of non-expected consequences from identity theft to kidnapping. In summary, an intercultural and intergenerational model highlights the complexity and diversity of the studied field, providing a reference framework for future studies. The closing section presents a discussion of those findings of this study that are inconsistent with commonplace assumptions and conclusions present in the academic literature, promoting for study those subjects that still need to be extended or explored.
Hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in the treatment of patients with multiple organ failure after wasp stings
Authors: Li Li , Bo Wang , Chen Huang , XiaoWei Liu , Hongbao Liu , Peng Zhang
Published: October 2019

Purpose:

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in the treatment of patients with multiple organ failure after wasp stings and investigate its impacts on cytokines.

Methods:

A total of 12 patients with multiple organ failure after wasp stings admitted to Xijing Hospital were included in the present study between January 2017 and January 2019. All patients received hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration treatment in addition to conventional treatment after admission. Procedure of treatment was conducted as the following: hemoperfusion (2 h/day) and followed by continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (22 h/day) for at least 5 days. Patients’ clinical features, serum laboratory tests, and hemodynamic variables were monitored. The blood samples were taken to measure the changes of plasma cytokines.

Results:

All 12 patients survived in the observation period. After hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration treatment, there were significant improvements in indicators of liver function, renal function, state of consciousness, and mediators in blood circulation, including alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, myoglobin, C-reactive protein, and so on. In these patients, acid–base metabolism returned to normal levels; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score lowered markedly. Furthermore, the plasma levels of interleukin 1β, interleukin 4, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and interleukin 10 in these patients were significantly decreased; no significant change was shown in the level of tumor necrosis factor α.

Conclusion:

Our results revealed that hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration was effective in the management of patients with multiple organ failure after wasp sting via the non-specific removal of the wasp venom and inflammatory cytokines.
A review of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism cases followed up in our clinic in the last decade
Authors: Yılmazel Fatih Kürşat , Karabulut İbrahim , Yılmaz Ali Haydar , Keskin Ercüment , Bedir Fevzi , Özbey İsa
Published: October 2019

Introduction:

The aim of the present study was to evaluate, with this retrospective study, the patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, who were followed up in our clinic in the last decade and were reviewed in terms of the incidence of the disease, diagnostic methods and differential diagnoses, treatment modalities, fertility rates, and treatment success.

Methods:

After a very careful differential diagnosis, 81 patients (1.5% of infertile men presenting to the outpatient clinic) were diagnosed with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This study only included patients diagnosed with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The treatment was undertaken in two periods depending on whether or not the patients wanted to have children at that time: testosterone replacement therapy and gonadotropin therapy. To induce spermatogenesis, the patients were treated using human chorionic gonadotropin and urinary or recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone.

Results:

The pregnancy rates of the spouses of the patients were as follows: spontaneous 64.6% (n = 42), intrauterine insemination 12.3% (n = 8), in vitro fertilization 15.3% (n = 10), and microscopic testicular sperm extraction + intracytoplasmic sperm injection 4.6% (n = 3).

Conclusion:

Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a rare but easily diagnosable and treatable cause of male infertility. After a long period of the treatment, almost all idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism patients can be treated with gonadotropins (human chorionic gonadotropin + follicle-stimulating hormone) in order to have children. The most important issue in the treatment is the dose of the drugs used in the treatment and the duration of the treatment. The most important result is that the required gonadotropin dose varies according to each patient. Therefore, the treatment dose and duration should be increased until patients have children.
Reconstructing Erich Fromm’s ‘pathology of normalcy’: Transcending the recognition-cognitive paradigm in the diagnosis of social pathologies
Authors: Harris Neal
Published: October 2019

Erich Fromm’s analysis of ‘pathological normalcy’ offers promising social-theoretical resources to help transcend the contemporary, ‘domesticated’, diagnosis of social pathologies. This article commences by briefly tracing the numerous limitations of the current orthodoxy, epitomised by the recognition-cognitive ‘pathologies of recognition’ approach. A sympathetic reconstruction of Erich Fromm’s diagnosis of pathological normalcy is then presented as a promising palliative. The strengths of Fromm’s social-theoretical framework are then outlined: Fromm’s scholarship presents a structure through which objectively inadequate and contradictory social conditions can be diagnosed, while emphasising their important connections to the social-psychological pathologies which sustain them. The efficacy of Fromm’s approach is then defended against post-modern and social-constructivist critiques. This article thus supports the rehabilitation of Fromm’s work within the sociological mainstream as an important antidote to the ‘domesticated’ framing of social pathology which continues to dominate contemporary scholarship.
Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Suicidality in Canadian Provinces
Authors: Palay Joshua , Taillieu Tamara L. , Afifi Tracie O. , Turner Sarah , Bolton James M. , Enns Murray W. , Smith Mark , Lesage Alain , Bakal Jeffrey A. , Rush Brian , Adair Carol E. , Vigod Simone N. , Clelland Steven , Rittenbach Katherine , Kurdyak Paul , Sareen Jitender
Published: October 2019

Objective:

There is limited information to guide health-care service providers and policy makers on the burden of mental disorders and addictions across the Canadian provinces. This study compares interprovincial prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), alcohol use disorder, substance use disorders, and suicidality.

Method:

Data were extracted from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey—Mental Health ( n = 25,113), a representative sample of Canadians over the age of 15 years across all provinces. Cross tabulations and logistic regression were used to determine the prevalence and odds of the above disorders for each province. Adjustments for provincial sociodemographic factors were performed.

Results:

The past-year prevalence of all measured mental disorders and suicidality, excluding GAD, demonstrated significant interprovincial differences. Manitoba exhibited the highest prevalence of any mental disorder (13.6%), reflecting high prevalence of MDD and alcohol use disorder compared to the other provinces (7.0% and 3.8%, respectively). Nova Scotia exhibited the highest prevalence of substance use disorders (2.9%). Quebec and Prince Edward Island exhibited the lowest prevalence of any mental disorder (8.5% and 7.7%, respectively). Manitoba also exhibited the highest prevalence of suicidal ideation (5.1%); however, British Columbia and Ontario exhibited the highest prevalence of suicidal planning (1.4% and 1.3%, respectively), and Ontario alone exhibited the highest prevalence of suicide attempts (0.7%).

Conclusions:

Significant interprovincial differences were found in the past-year prevalence of mental disorders and suicidality in Canada. More research is necessary to explore these differences and how they impact the need for mental health services.
Combustion toxicity regulations for construction products
Authors: Babrauskas Vytenis
Published: October 2019

Research literature comparing room-scale combustion toxicity performance of construction products is compared to bench-scale results. It is demonstrated that it is inappropriate the regulate construction products on the basis of performance in bench-scale toxicity tests, while it is economically unsound to suggest requiring room-scale testing for assessing combustion toxicity hazards. Instead, it is demonstrated that the combustion toxicity hazards of construction products are best addressed by regulating their heat release rate characteristics.
Superior Colliculus Lesions Lead to Disrupted Responses to Light in Diurnal Grass Rats (Arvicanthis niloticus)
Authors: Gall Andrew J. , Goodwin Alyssa M. , Khacherian Ohanes S. , Teal Laura B.
Published: October 2019

The circadian system regulates daily rhythms of physiology and behavior. Although extraordinary advances have been made to elucidate the brain mechanisms underlying the circadian system in nocturnal species, less is known in diurnal species. Recent studies have shown that retinorecipient brain areas such as the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) and olivary pretectal nucleus (OPT) are critical for the display of normal patterns of daily activity in diurnal grass rats ( Arvicanthis niloticus). Specifically, grass rats with IGL and OPT lesions respond to light in similar ways to intact nocturnal animals. Importantly, both the IGL and OPT project to one another in nocturnal species, and there is evidence that these 2 brain regions also project to the superior colliculus (SC). The SC receives direct retinal input, is involved in the triggering of rapid eye movement sleep in nocturnal rats, and is disproportionately large in the diurnal grass rat. The objective of the current study was to use diurnal grass rats to test the hypothesis that the SC is critical for the expression of diurnal behavior and physiology. We performed bilateral electrolytic lesions of the SC in female grass rats to examine behavioral patterns and acute responses to light. Most grass rats with SC lesions expressed significantly reduced activity in the presence of light. Exposing these grass rats to constant darkness reinstated activity levels during the subjective day, suggesting that light masks their ability to display a diurnal activity profile in 12:12 LD. Altogether, our data suggest that the SC is critical for maintaining normal responses to light in female grass rats.
Childhood Disability-Related Abuse: A Retrospective Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Lund Emily M. , Corr Catherine P. , Kinavey Erin , Mott Kelli N. , Chowdhury Dalia , Hammond Marilyn , Thomas Katie B. , Schultz Jared C.
Published: October 2019

Although the phenomenon of disability-related abuse has been well-documented in adults with disabilities, the occurrence of disability-related abuse in childhood has not been studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish proof of concept for childhood disability-related abuse. American adults ( n = 485) retrospectively report on physical, sexual, and disability-related abuse that they experienced before the age of 18. The sample consisted of 382 participants with no disability, 55 participants with an adult-onset disability, and 48 participants with a childhood-onset disability. Disability-related abuse was conceptualized as involving either (a) the denial of assistive technology or (b) the denial of care, permission, or assistance with an activity of self-care. Childhood denial of assistive technology was rare in all groups (1.3%-2.1%), but denial of care, assistance, or permission was significantly higher in the childhood-onset disability group (20.8%) than either the adult-onset (7.3%) or no-disability (6.5%) groups. The three groups did not significantly differ in the rates of reported childhood physical or sexual abuse. This study provides preliminary proof-of-concept evidence for childhood disability-related abuse, particularly denial of care.
School Counselors’ Assessment of the Legitimacy of High School Choice Policy
Authors: Sattin-Bajaj Carolyn , Jennings Jennifer L.
Published: October 2019

Drawing on interviews with 88 middle school counselors tasked with implementing New York City’s high school choice policy, we show that counselors largely question the policy’s legitimacy and the equity of the high school assignments it produces. By highlighting issues of transparency and procedural fairness that threaten counselors’ acceptance of school choice policy, we offer lessons for policymakers and practitioners about how policy design and communication affect policy legitimacy and, as a result, implementation.
Transformational and transactional leadership influence on knowledge management activities of librarians in university libraries in Nigeria
Authors: Ugwu C.I. , Okore A.M.
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to determine the influence of transformational and transactional leadership on knowledge management activities of librarians in university libraries in Nigeria. Quantitative methodology was considered appropriate for this type of research and adopted to accomplish the main goal of this study. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a total of 215 librarians who participated in the study. Factor analysis and multiple regressions were used to analyze data. The results of the study reveal a positive and significant influence of transformational and transactional leadership on knowledge management activities of academic librarians in university libraries in Nigeria. Further, the results show that transformational leadership behaviours impacted knowledge management activities of librarians more than transactional leadership behaviours. The study provides both theoretical and empirical evidence on the impact of transformational and transactional leadership behaviours on knowledge management processes.
Americans’ views of scientists’ motivations for scientific work
Authors: Johnson Branden B. , Dieckmann Nathan F.
Published: October 2019

Scholars have not examined public views of scientific motivations directly, despite scientific authority implications. A US representative sample rated 11 motivations both descriptively (they do motivate scientists’ work) and normatively (they should motivate scientists) for scientists employed by federal government agency, large business corporation, advocacy group (nonprofit seeking to influence policy), or university. Descriptive and normative ratings fell into extrinsic (money, fame, power, being liked, helping employer) and intrinsic (do good science, enjoy challenge, helping society and others) motivation factors; being independent and gaining respect were outliers. People saw intrinsic motivations as more common, but wanted intrinsic motivations to dominate extrinsic ones even more. Despite a few differences for extrinsic-motivation ratings, the lay public tended to see scientific work as similarly motivated regardless of the employer. Variance in perceived science motivations was explained by scientific beliefs (positivism, credibility) and knowledge (of facts and scientific reasoning), complemented by political ideology and religiosity.
State Efforts to Support the Engagement of Nonresident Fathers in the Lives of Their Children
Authors: Pearson Jessica , Fagan Jay
Published: October 2019

Few states invest in programs to help nonresident fathers engage in the financial and emotional lives of their children. The present study examines 12 exemplary states that promote, fund, and evaluate nonresident fatherhood engagement through an array of state agencies, policies, and fatherhood programs. Our study finds that states with substantial fatherhood initiatives share some common characteristics, including strong leadership from executives of state human service agencies, funding from the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant and/or child support, multiagency collaborations for service delivery, and documentation of program benefits and return on investment.
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma With Extensive Clear Cells: A Pitfall in Diagnosis
Authors: Kavesh Mark H. , Sanchez Daniel , Asirvatham Jaya Ruth
Published: October 2019

Carcinomas in the breast with a predominantly clear cytoplasm are rare. In this article, we review the differential diagnosis of clear cell breast neoplasms and report a case of invasive lobular carcinoma with extensive clear cell morphology that was diagnosed as invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified, on ultrasound-guided biopsy. Lobular carcinomas with extensive clear cell change are unusual, but must be considered when evaluating a clear cell neoplasm in the breast.
Autoethnographic Brevity: A Conceptual Definition
Authors: Gloviczki Peter Joseph
Published: October 2019

Bringing cultural theorist George Gerbner into conversation with prominent autoethnographers, I present a conceptual definition of autoethnographic brevity. I hope this article offers methodological clarity to and for the production of impressionistic autoethnography.
On Ignoring the Random Effects Assumption in Multilevel Models: Review, Critique, and Recommendations
Authors: Antonakis John , Bastardoz Nicolas , Rönkkö Mikko
Published: October 2019

Entities such as individuals, teams, or organizations can vary systematically from one another. Researchers typically model such data using multilevel models, assuming that the random effects are uncorrelated with the regressors. Violating this testable assumption, which is often ignored, creates an endogeneity problem thus preventing causal interpretations. Focusing on two-level models, we explain how researchers can avoid this problem by including cluster means of the Level 1 explanatory variables as controls; we explain this point conceptually and with a large-scale simulation. We further show why the common practice of centering the predictor variables is mostly unnecessary. Moreover, to examine the state of the science, we reviewed 204 randomly drawn articles from macro and micro organizational science and applied psychology journals, finding that only 106 articles—with a slightly higher proportion from macro-oriented fields—properly deal with the random effects assumption. Alarmingly, most models also failed on the usual exogeneity requirement of the regressors, leaving only 25 mostly macro-level articles that potentially reported trustworthy multilevel estimates. We offer a set of practical recommendations for researchers to model multilevel data appropriately.
Exploring Use and Influence in Culturally Responsive Approaches to Evaluation: A Review of the Empirical Literature
Authors: Acree Jeremy , Chouinard Jill Anne
Published: October 2019

Culturally responsive approaches to evaluation are emerging across diverse program and community contexts to address increasingly intractable social, economic, political, and environmental concerns. Despite the sense of urgency, responsibility, and moral obligation motivating the use of these approaches, however, empirical research on the implications of centering culture in evaluation practice remains scarce. In this article, we conduct a systematic review of empirical literature, applying the concepts of use and influence as an analytic frame to explore the impact of culturally responsive evaluation in North American contexts. Our findings highlight uses of evaluation which stem from findings and processes, as well as multidirectional and unintended consequences which are documented in empirical reflections and case studies. In our discussion, we critically reflect on our analytic framework, using the concepts, constitutive effects and sustained interactivity to broaden our understanding of the myriad ways evaluation affects programs, people, and society.
Structural and optical coherence tomography angiography in myopic choroidal neovascularization: Agreement with conventional fluorescein angiography
Authors: Iacono Pierluigi , Giorno Paola , Varano Monica , Parravano Mariacristina
Published: October 2019

Purpose:

To evaluate the agreement between fluorescein angiography and structural optical coherence tomography in diagnosing and monitoring the activity of myopic choroidal neovascularization and to provide a comparative analysis with optical coherence tomography angiography.

Methods:

Thirteen patients with active myopic choroidal neovascularization were prospectively enrolled. At the baseline, 2-month, and 6-month visits, each patient underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including best-corrected visual acuity assessment, fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography with structural and angiographic assessment. Sensitivity and specificity for all optical coherence tomography parameters were evaluated taking fluorescein angiography as the reference examination.

Results:

At the baseline, fluorescein angiography confirmed myopic choroidal neovascularization leakage in all patients. Structural optical coherence tomography demonstrated intraretinal or subretinal fluid in 61% of cases, fuzzy borders and absence of external limiting membrane visibility in 84% of cases, and subretinal hyperreflective exudation in 53% of cases. Sensitivity to the presence of retinal fluid and subretinal hyperreflective exudation was lower than sensitivity to fuzzy borders and external limiting membrane visibility, which reached 84%. During ranibizumab therapy, external limiting membrane visibility showed a higher sensitivity (100%) compared with fuzzy borders and subretinal hyperreflective exudation (66.6%) while displaying an equal specificity of 100%. At baseline and final visit, sensitivity increased to 100% when all structural optical coherence tomography parameters were pooled. Optical coherence tomography angiography detected myopic choroidal neovascularization at baseline, 2-month, and 6-month visits in 92%, 76%, and 76% of cases, respectively.

Conclusion:

The study confirms that the new indicators of myopic choroidal neovascularization activity are more reliable than the presence or absence of retinal fluid. Optical coherence tomography angiography identified myopic choroidal neovascularization in most patients in the diagnostic phase and during treatment monitoring and could be considered as an alternative to fluorescein angiography in selected patients.
Participation in social/lifestyle activities in people with multiple sclerosis: Changes across 10 years and predictors of sustained participation
Authors: Johansson Sverker , Ytterberg Charlotte , Gottberg Kristina , Holmqvist Lotta Widén , von Koch Lena , Conradsson David
Published: October 2019

Background:

Identification of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) with increased risk of restricted participation in social and lifestyle activities (e.g. social outings and pursuing a hobby) could guide the development of interventions supporting sustained participation.

Objective:

To explore changes in participation in complex and social everyday activities over 10 years in PwMS in relation to multiple sclerosis (MS) severity and to identify predictors of sustained participation.

Methods:

This study was based on a 10-year follow-up of 264 PwMS living in Stockholm County, Sweden. Ten-year changes in participation in social/lifestyle activities were assessed and compared between PwMS with different MS severity with the Frenchay Activities Index using age- and sex-related normative values. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to predict sustained participation at 10 years using personal factors, disease severity and functioning as independent variables.

Results:

While a majority of people with mild MS demonstrated sustained participation (67%), a minority of PwMS moderately (26%) and severely affected by MS (5%) demonstrated sustained participation. Significant predictors of sustained participation after 10 years were walking speed ⩾1.2 m/s and ⩾32 correct responses on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test.

Conclusion:

Our findings accentuate the importance for health services to support mobility and cognition to obtain sustained participation.
Body and appearance self-conscious emotions in Canada and Poland
Authors: Razmus Magdalena , Razmus Wiktor , Castonguay Andree L , Sabiston Catherine M
Published: October 2019

Due to the growing interest in studies on health-related variables from an international perspective, the current study addresses the issue of body-related emotions in two countries from two continents, namely, North America and Europe. Using data from Canadian and Polish samples, we investigated the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale across countries and examined differences in these emotions between Canada and Poland. Partial scalar invariance indicated that the scale functions equivalently in Canadian and Polish samples, with only one invariant item in the Guilt subscale. Compared to the Polish, Canadians reported lower body and appearance authentic and hubristic pride. Participants from the two countries did not differ significantly in shame.
Giant adrenal pseudocyst in trauma patient
Authors: Larabee Shannon M , Radowsky Jason S , Zhu Guangjing , Papadimitriou John , Stein Deborah
Published: October 2019

Adrenal pseudocysts are a subclass of adrenal cysts frequently found as incidentalomas. Here, we present the case of a 67-year-old man with an adrenal pseudocyst suspicious for hemorrhage after a fall who was urgently transferred to a tertiary care trauma center for care.
How do players understand video game hardware: Tactility or tech-speak?
Authors: Luo Yinyi , Johnson Mark Richard
Published: October 2019

This article explores how video game players talk about the technological hardware they use to play games. The games industry is known for deploying often confusing and unclear ‘tech-speak’ terminology to convey the supposed value of new gaming hardware, drawing on tropes of numerical objectivity, ‘upgrade culture’ and the implicit obsolescence of previous technological iterations. However, we show a divide between supposedly objective tech-speak penned by the industry and the subjective experiences of users. Gamers rarely understand their gaming hardware through these marketing and advertising discourses despite their high visibility, instead framing the technology they engage with in intimately tactile, and more broadly contextual, terms. This highlights a significant disjuncture between the industrial and their perception of their audience, with implications for our understanding of ‘tech-speak’, its limitations, the video games sector and the consumers who purchase its products.
SHMnet: Condition assessment of bolted connection with beyond human-level performance
Authors: Zhang Tong , Biswal Suryakanta , Wang Ying
Published: October 2019

Deep learning algorithms are transforming a variety of research areas with accuracy levels that the traditional methods cannot compete with. Recently, increasingly more research efforts have been put into the structural health monitoring domain. In this work, we propose a new deep convolutional neural network, namely SHMnet, for a challenging structural condition identification case, that is, steel frame with bolted connection damage. We perform systematic studies on the optimisation of network architecture and the preparation of the training data. In the laboratory, repeated impact hammer tests are conducted on a steel frame with different bolted connection damage scenarios, as small as one bolt loosened. The time-domain monitoring data from a single accelerometer are used for training. We conduct parametric studies on different layer numbers, different sensor locations, the quantity of the training datasets and noise levels. The results show that the proposed SHMnet is effective and reliable with at least four independent training datasets and by avoiding vibration node points as sensor locations. Under up to 60% additive Gaussian noise, the average identification accuracy is over 98%. In comparison, the traditional methods based on the identified modal parameters inevitably fail due to the unnoticeable changes of identified natural frequencies and mode shapes. The results provide confidence in using the developed method as an effective structural condition identification framework. It has the potential to transform the structural health monitoring practice. The code and relevant information can be found at https://github.com/capepoint/SHMnet .
Profiling Green Consumers
Authors: Larson Ronald B. , Farac Jessica M.
Published: October 2019

Many studies have tried using demographics and other measures to improve our understanding of prospective green buyers and to learn how to encourage more green behaviors. This study employed two online surveys of U.S. adults (total of 1,330 respondents) to examine the contribution of demographic, psychographic, and other variables for describing consumers with environment-friendly attitudes. The results confirmed the limited value of demographics (e.g., age was not related to green attitudes). New variables tested included impulsiveness behavior, privacy concerns, religiosity, spirituality, risk and time preferences, handedness, and political orientation. Although most green studies have not included social desirability bias controls, this measure appeared to be important. Other variables that were positively linked to green attitudes include hedonic consumption, privacy concerns, spirituality measures, risk preferences, and liberal political preferences. These results offer new insights for building segments of green consumers, for developing messages for these consumers, and for efficiently communicating with consumers who have environment-friendly attitudes.
“This Is What the News Won’t Show You”: YouTube Creators and the Reactionary Politics of Micro-celebrity
Authors: Lewis Rebecca
Published: October 2019

This article explores the implications of micro-celebrity practices employed by political and ideological influencers on YouTube. I take a case study approach, performing a content analysis of the videos from three political YouTubers from January 1, 2017, to April 1, 2018. My analysis reveals that for these influencers, micro-celebrity practices are not only a business strategy but also a political stance that positions them as more credible than mainstream media. All three conflate the mainstream media with “social justice” politics, claiming both are sensationalized and silence dissenting voices. By adopting micro-celebrity practices that stress relatability, authenticity, and accountability, they differentiate themselves from both the mainstream media and progressive politics as they perceive them. Thus, the YouTubers in this study align micro-celebrity practices with a reactionary political standpoint. These findings complicate previous mythologies of Internet celebrity that treat participatory culture as inherently progressive.
Reconsidering School Songbooks in the United States during the Post–Civil War Period (1865-1899)
Authors: Sanders Paul D.
Published: October 2019

Many of the first public school music teachers in the United States came from the singing school tradition and taught from the same tune books that had been used in singing schools. After the war, renewed interest in education and the establishment of graded schools soon led to the introduction of music series that were designed to serve the individual needs of each grade and the classroom teachers who often assisted with music instruction. The major music education history texts in the United States claim that music series soon replaced single-volume songbooks since they better served the needs of the new graded school system. Music series represented the new progressive views of education in the years following the Civil War, and the single-volume songbooks that descended from antebellum tune books of the singing school movement are largely dismissed as relics of a bygone era. This study explores the use of these school songbooks in the years following the Civil War, extending many years beyond the introduction of the first music series.
Prenatal diagnosis of Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome: Series of four cases and review of the literature
Authors: Ivanitskaya Olga , Andreeva Elena , Odegova Natalia
Published: October 2019

Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome is a rare disease with a classic triad of port wine stains, varicose veins, and bony and soft tissue hypertrophy of an extremity. The quality of life in these patients is significantly affected, making the prenatal diagnosis of Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome important. We present four prenatally diagnosed cases of this anomaly with a unique case of ectrodactyly of the hand in foetus with Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome. Such a combination has not been previously reported prenatally. A review of the literature for similar cases is also presented.
The Maria Stock Pathway. On the building of memorial landscape in the West Bohemian Region
Authors: Kobes Tomáš
Published: October 2019

This article focuses on the building of a pathway that serves as a basic platform for remembering a forgotten pilgrimage site in the West Bohemian Region. It examines the building of the pathway as a transformation process from an original idea to the final form, which was made possible through negotiation between various actors. It provides the potential to explore the building of memorial landscape, which implies how specific places of remembering are transformed and exported into the form of a pathway. In respect to this principle, the subject area of the pathway is inscribed into the place of remembering typical for the intersection of different frames of reference. Thus, I argue that memory is formed not as a prescribed form of remembering, but rather as a free variation conditioned by the affective potential of a marked place, offering a direction for possible remembering.
Arm sling after carpal tunnel surgery: myth or evidence based?
Authors: Kroeze Maartje , Rakhorst Hinne , Houpt Peter
Published: October 2019

Arm sling elevation is widely used after hand surgery to prevent swelling and pain. This prospective cohort study investigated whether arm sling elevation has any value after carpal tunnel release surgery. Patients were assigned to one of two groups after carpal tunnel release: with or without arm sling elevation. The primary outcome was postoperative swelling. Secondary outcomes were pain and symptom relief and functional outcome. Volumetric analysis showed no significant difference between the sling and non-sling group. Pain scores and improvement of symptom severity and functional status scores were similar for both groups. Thirty-eight per cent found the sling uncomfortable. These results do not support routine use of arm sling elevation after carpal tunnel release.

Level of evidence: III
Understanding the patient profile and health-related quality of life in patients presenting for hand surgery
Authors: Birks Margaret E. , Sharma Kavita , Steele Kathryn , Jones Georgina , Miller J. Gavin
Published: October 2019

The aim of this descriptive epidemiological study of patients, referred to and selected for surgery at a UK tertiary hand centre, was to investigate patterns of common hand disorders and their impact on those individuals. A prospective collection of patient-reported outcome scores was carried out in patients before operation using the Patient Outcomes of Surgery Hand/Arm and the Euro-Qol 5 dimension three-level measures. Patient participation was voluntary and data collected over a 4-year period are discussed. Patient-reported outcome scores were calculated using appropriate algorithms. The results show correlation between the number of comorbidities and both symptoms and activity domains of the Patient Outcomes of Surgery Hand/Arm; higher symptom scores were seen in women. There was no increase in scores for older patients or those from more deprived areas. Population-based research using recognized patient-reported outcome measurement tools could aid future health service planning.

Level of evidence: IV
Nonparametric background modelling and segmentation to detect micro air vehicles using RGB-D sensor
Authors: Dorudian Navid , Lauria Stanislao , Swift Stephen
Published: October 2019

A novel approach to detect micro air vehicles in GPS-denied environments using an external RGB-D sensor is presented. The nonparametric background subtraction technique incorporating several innovative mechanisms allows the detection of high-speed moving micro air vehicles by combining colour and depth information. The proposed method stores several colour and depth images as models and then compares each pixel from a frame with the stored models to classify the pixel as background or foreground. To adapt to scene changes, once a pixel is classified as background, the system updates the model by finding and substituting the closest pixel to the camera with the current pixel. The background model update presented uses different criteria from existing methods. Additionally, a blind update model is added to adapt to background sudden changes. The proposed architecture is compared with existing techniques using two different micro air vehicles and publicly available datasets. Results showing some improvements over existing methods are discussed.
Five-Month Follow-up Shows No Improvement in Dermatological Complications in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems and Insulin Pumps
Authors: Weng Anna T. , Zachariae Claus , Christensen Karl B. , Svensson Jannet , Berg Anna K.
Published: October 2019

Background:

A Danish study showed that 90% of the pediatric patients who participated had some time experienced dermatological complications due to treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). This follow-up study describes dermatological complications due to CSII and/or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) between the two study periods and includes health-related quality of life (HrQoL) measurements.

Methods:

A total of 138 patients (95%) out of 145 patients from the initial study answered an online questionnaire regarding dermatological complications related to CSII and/or CGM, five months later. A second questionnaire (DISABKIDS) regarding HrQoL was sent out to those 138 of which 111 patients completed it. The patients were aged from 2 to 20 years. Descriptive statistics, χ2 tests, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the data.

Results:

In total, 81% of the 138 patients continued to have dermatological complications at follow-up. Itching was the most frequently reported complication. Patients using Enlite reported more dermatological complications than those using Libre. In total, 79% of the patients who used barrier cream in the initial study still had dermatological complications five months later. Age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), or HbA1c levels showed no significant association with dermatological complications. Patients who perceived dermatological complications as a greater problem had lower HrQoL scores.

Conclusion:

Once dermatological complications start to appear, they become chronic, indicating that the treatments currently available are inadequate. Patients perceiving dermatological complications as a greater problem were associated with lower HrQoL. These findings highlight the need for additional preventive studies.