bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microgallbladder: Self-Remitting Acute Cholecystitis-Like Condition Unique to Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Mousa Mina S. , Feldman John C. , Mahajan Paresh
Published: June 2019

Microgallbladder is a nonsurgical medical condition characterized by chronic inflammation and atrophy of the gallbladder, which is considered a highly specific imaging finding unique to patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), and has been incidentally reported on abdominal imaging in up to 45% of cases with CF. The impairment of exocrine water efflux in CF leads to the production of hyperviscous biliary secretions, cholestasis, and transient cystic duct obstruction of the microgallbladder causing microcholecystitis—interestingly a self-remitting acute cholecystitis-like condition without surgical intervention. We present a case report of a 22-year-old male patient with history of CF with multiple hospital admissions for unexplained chronic abdominal pain found to be caused by microgallbladder, which was managed conservatively.
Joint Modeling of Precipitation and Temperature Using Copula Theory for Current and Future Prediction under Climate Change Scenarios in Arid Lands (Case Study, Kerman Province, Iran)
Authors: Mesbahzadeh T. , Miglietta M. M. , Mirakbari M. , Soleimani Sardoo F. , Abdolhoseini M.
Published: June 2019

Precipitation and temperature are very important climatic parameters as their changes may affect life conditions. Therefore, predicting temporal trends of precipitation and temperature is very useful for societal and urban planning. In this research, in order to study the future trends in precipitation and temperature, we have applied scenarios of the fifth assessment report of IPCC. The results suggest that both parameters will be increasing in the studied area (Iran) in future. Since there is interdependence between these two climatic parameters, the independent analysis of the two fields will generate errors in the interpretation of model simulations. Therefore, in this study, copula theory was used for joint modeling of precipitation and temperature under climate change scenarios. By the joint distribution, we can find the structure of interdependence of precipitation and temperature in current and future under climate change conditions, which can assist in the risk assessment of extreme hydrological and meteorological events. Based on the results of goodness of fit test, the Frank copula function was selected for modeling of recorded and constructed data under RCP2.6 scenario and the Gaussian copula function was used for joint modeling of the constructed data under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios.
Research on the Obstruction Process of Rigid Netting Barriers toward Granular Flow
Authors: Fan Yunyun , Wu Fengyuan
Published: June 2019

With the advantages of a simple structure and rapid construction, the rigid netting barrier (RNB) exerts a good obstruction effect on granular flow and is a common engineering measure used to prevent geological disasters in the form of granular flows. However, due to the limitations of current measuring and testing techniques, it is difficult to obtain an accurate measurement of the granular flow velocity and the impact force of granular flow on the mesh structures that are of primary concern in the design of protective structures. To study the characteristics of the obstruction process of RNBs toward granular flow, a typical impact experiment involving granular flow was numerically simulated by the discrete element method, and the correctness and effectiveness of the calculation method were also verified. On this basis, the discrete element method was applied to simulate the obstruction process affecting granular flow under different RNB setting conditions, and the calculation results clearly present the phenomena that occur during the obstruction process of RNBs toward granular flow, such as “run‐up,” “overflow,” “passing‐through,” and “grain‐size segregation.” By analyzing the effects of these phenomena on the obstruction efficiency and the time history of the forces acting on the RNB, the rational setting of an RNB was further discussed. This study can provide a reference for the engineering application of RNB.
RETRACTED: KRAS Activation in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Stimulates Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition to Cancer Stem–Like Cells and Promotes Metastasis
Authors: Yoon Changhwan , Till Jacob , Cho Soo-Jeong , Chang Kevin K. , Lin Jian-xian , Huang Chang-ming , Ryeom Sandra , Yoon Sam S.
Published: June 2019

Our previous work showed that in a mouse model of gastric adenocarcinoma with loss of p53 and Cdh1 that adding oncogenic Kras (a.k.a. Tcon mice) accelerates tumorigenesis and metastasis. Here, we sought to examine KRAS activation in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and generation of cancer stem–like cells (CSC). Transduction of nontransformed HFE-145 gastric epithelial cells with oncogenic KRASG12V significantly decreased expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin, increased expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin and the EMT transcription factor Slug, and increased migration and invasion by 15- to 17-fold. KRASG12V also increased expression of self-renewal proteins such as Sox2 and increased spheroid formation by 2.6-fold. In tumor-derived organoids from Tcon mice, Kras knockdown decreased spheroid formation, expression of EMT-related proteins, migration, and invasion; similar effects, as well as reversal of chemoresistance, were observed following KRAS knockdown or MEK inhibition in patient tumor-derived gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines (AGS and KATOIII). KRAS inhibition in gastric adenocarcinoma spheroid cells led to reduced AGS flank xenograft growth, loss of the infiltrative tumor border, fewer lung metastases, and increased survival. In a tissue microarray of human gastric adenocarcinomas from 115 patients, high tumor levels of CD44 (a marker of CSCs) and KRAS activation were independent predictors of worse overall survival. In conclusion, KRAS activation in gastric adenocarcinoma cells stimulates EMT and transition to CSCs, thus promoting metastasis.

Implications:

This study provides rationale for examining inhibitors of KRAS to block metastasis and reverse chemotherapy resistance in gastric adenocarcinoma patients.
Intrinsic Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in a Mismatch Repair–Deficient Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gurjao Carino , Liu David , Hofree Matan , AlDubayan Saud H. , Wakiro Isaac , Su Mei-Ju , Felt Kristen , Gjini Evisa , Brais Lauren K. , Rotem Asaf , Rosenthal Michael H. , Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit , Rodig Scott , Ng Kimmie , Van Allen Eliezer M. , Corsello Steven M. , Ogino Shuji , Regev Aviv , Nowak Jonathan A. , Giannakis Marios
Published: June 2019

Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, such as the programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab, are effective in a variety of tumors, yet not all patients respond. Tumor microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) has emerged as a biomarker of response to checkpoint blockade, leading to the tissue agnostic approval of pembrolizumab in MSI-H cancers. Here we describe a patient with MSI-H colorectal cancer that was treated with this immune checkpoint inhibitor and exhibited progression of disease. We examined this intrinsic resistance through genomic, transcriptional, and pathologic characterization of the patient's tumor and the associated immune microenvironment. The tumor had typical MSI-H molecular features, including a high neoantigen load. We also identified biallelic loss of the gene for β2-microglobulin (B2M), whose product is critical for antigen presentation. Immune infiltration deconvolution analysis of bulk transcriptome data from this anti-PD-1–resistant tumor and hundreds of other colorectal cancer specimens revealed a high natural killer cell and M2 macrophage infiltration in the patient's cancer. This was confirmed by single-cell transcriptome analysis and multiplex immunofluorescence. Our study provides insight into resistance in MSI-H tumors and suggests immunotherapeutic strategies in additional genomic contexts of colorectal cancer.
Are We Barking Up the Wrong Tree? Rise in Serum Creatinine and Heart Failure
Authors: Kazory Amir , Ronco Claudio
Published: June 2019

A significant subset of patients with heart failure (HF) experience small to moderate rise in serum creatinine (RSC) in the setting of otherwise beneficial therapies such as aggressive diuresis or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition. Accumulating data suggest that RSC in this setting is dissimilar from conventional causes of renal insult in that it has a negligible impact on the outcomes. There is also emerging evidence on the lack of association between biomarkers of renal injury and RSC in the setting of aggressive diuresis. A similar pattern has been observed in recent hypertension trials where the RSC in patients with intensive blood pressure control has not been associated with biomarker evidence of renal injury or adverse outcomes. Based on these findings, RSC, rather than acute kidney injury, appears to be the preferred terminology in HF (and possibly in hypertension) because of its purely descriptive nature that lacks any potentially inaccurate implication of mechanistic or prognostic reference. From a pragmatic viewpoint, we believe that small to moderate RSC is to be anticipated and tolerated with RAAS inhibition and/or aggressive diuresis in acute or chronic HF and should not prompt discontinuation of the therapy unless complications such as hypotension and severe hyperkalemia develop.
The Prescription of Anticraving Medication and its Economic Consequences
Authors: Holzbach Rüdiger , Stammen Gunnar , Kirchhof Ute , Scherbaum Norbert
Published: June 2019

Importance: According to recent studies, only a small proportion of alcoholics in the system for addiction treatment receive expedited treatment [Rehm et al.: Sucht 2014;60:93–105] and that those who are untreated are at risk of harmful and dependent alcohol consumption. This is associated with significantly negative effects on morbidity, mortality, and quality of life [Kraus et al.: Sucht 2010;56:337–347]. As a result, not only individuals and their environment suffer but there is also a health economic impact. Objective: How often do patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis of alcohol dependence who have been discharged from inpatient treatment receive anticraving medication in the follow-up period of 6 months? Design, Setting, and Participants: Based on data from a statutory health insurance in Germany, 12,958 patients were investigated regarding alcohol dependence, rates for readmission to hospital, and prescription of anticraving drugs. In addition, outpatient and inpatient treatment costs were calculated. Main Outcomes and Measures: There will be an examination of how often anticraving medications are prescribed and what the economic consequences are. Results: Two hundred and eighty-eight (2.22%) patients received anticraving medication, 98 (0.76%) in the first 6 months after inpatient treatment. Fifty-nine of the 288 patients were monitored with a pre- and postcomparison over a 90-day period. Inpatient treatment fell from 0.83 times (±1.10) during the 3 months afterward to 0.79 (±1.01). On average, the duration of an inpatient stay before anticraving treatment (n = 29) was 17.34 days (±14.37), with an average cost of EUR 4,142.70 (±2,721.28). Among the anticraving treatment group, this fell to 14.03 days (±9.96) with an average cost of EUR 3,685.43 (±2,307.67). Overall, the average outpatient and inpatient treatment costs dropped from EUR 1,533.88 before treatment to EUR 1,462.76 after treatment. If this is extrapolated to the whole group, it leads to between EUR 921,500 and EUR 6.6 million saving for a health insurance company. Conclusion: Anticraving medications are hardly ever prescribed. Their routine use could reduce hospital readmission rates and save on health-care costs.
Adverse Safety Event Characteristics and Predictive Factors in Hospital Encounters for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Davis-Ajami Mary Lynn , Fink Jeffery C. , Baernholdt Marianne , Wu Jun
Published: June 2019

Background: Adverse safety events (ASE) during hospitalization may contribute to renal decline or poor outcomes. Understanding factors contributing to ASE in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is limited. The objective is to compare differences and determine predictors of renal pertinent ASE in discharges for CKD. Method: A cross-sectional analysis of the National Inpatient Sample, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality 2012 data. The study included adults age ≥18 years with discharge diagnosis for CKD stages 1–4, excluding cancer of the kidney and renal pelvis, renal transplant, end-stage renal disease. Predictors included study sample characteristics, including patient demographics, comorbidity, and hospitalization-related variables. Outcomes assessed included distribution of ASE (angioedema, confusion, muscle weakness or cramps, lower extremity edema (LEE), falls, hypoglycemia, nausea-vomiting-diarrhea (NVD), and skin rash), mean total charge per hospital event, and length-of-stay. The analytical approach used descriptive statistics (means and proportions) and bivariate analysis to compare differences (ASE versus none). Predictors of ASE were explored using multivariate logistic regression. Results: 10.3% of inpatient discharges for CKD showed an ASE. Mean charges (USD 48,072 vs. 46,996), days length-of-stay (6.8 vs. 5.7), number of diagnosis on record (6.8 vs. 5.7), geographical region (Midwest, and West), and type of hospital (rural) were significantly associated with ASE. Most common ASEs were confusion (18%), LEE (21.3%), and NVD (50.7%). Odds of ASE increased for age, female gender, rural hospitals, geographical region, and diagnosis for anemia, coagulopathies, depression, fluid and electrolyte disorders, neurological disorders, psychoses, and weight loss. Conclusions: We identified key factors that increase the risk of ASE in patients with CKD. Opportunities exist to reduce ASE in CKD.
Effects of Weighted Hula-Hooping Compared to Walking on Abdominal Fat, Trunk Muscularity, and Metabolic Parameters in Overweight Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Lahelma Mari , Sädevirta Sanja , Lallukka-Brück Susanna , Sevastianova Ksenia , Mustelin Linda , Gylling Helena , Rockette-Wagner Bonny , Kriska Andrea M. , Yki-Järvinen Hannele
Published: June 2019

Background: Weighted hula-hoops have gained popularity, but whether they indeed reshape the trunk or have beneficial metabolic effects in overweight subjects is unknown. Objectives: To determine effects of hula-hooping and walking matched for energy expenditure on android fat %, trunk muscle mass, and metabolic parameters in a randomized cross-over study. Design: We recruited 55 overweight nondiabetic subjects, who were randomized to hula-hooping (HULA) for 6 weeks using a 1.5-kg weighted hula-hoop followed by walking (WALK) for another 6 weeks or vice versa. The increments in energy expenditure were similar by HULA and WALK. Body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and metabolic parameters were measured at baseline and after HULA and WALK. The primary endpoint was the change in fat % in the android region. Results: A total of 53subjects (waist 92 ± 1 cm, body mass index 28 ± 1 kg/m2) completed the study. Body weight changed similarly (–0.6 ± 0.2 vs. –0.5 ± 0.2 kg, nonsignificant; HULA vs. WALK). During the intervention the subjects hula-hooped on average 12.8 ± 0.5 min/day and walked 9,986 ± 376 steps/day. The % fat in the android region decreased significantly by HULA but not by WALK (between-group change p < 0.001). Trunk muscle mass increased more by HULA than by WALK (p < 0.05). Waist circumference decreased more by HULA than by WALK (–3.1 ± 0.3 cm vs. –0.7 ± 0.4 cm, p < 0.001; HULA vs. WALK). WALK but not HULA significantly lowered systolic blood pressure and increased HDL cholesterol while HULA significantly decreased LDL cholesterol. Conclusions: Hula-hooping with a weighted hula-hoop can be used to decrease abdominal fat % and increase trunk muscle mass in overweight subjects. Its LDL lowering effect resembles that described for resistance training.
Partes do mito de Orfeu como topoi da poesia em Heiner Müller: aproximações e distanciamentos do poeta “entre instrumentos de arar”
Authors: Serpa Danilo
Published: June 2019

Analisando menções ao mito de Orfeu feitas por Heiner Müller, principalmente o poema em prosa “Orpheus gepflügt” e a peça Der Bau, inquire-se em que medida e como a exposição desse mito pode relacionar-se com uma caracterização do poeta que serve de referência ao autor e, porventura, até justificar elementos de sua poesia e poética. Como resultado dessas investigações, indica-se que, no contexto de “Orpheus gepflügt”, distinguem-se objeções à figura de Orfeu. Não obstante, a representação de seu mito conforma uma justificativa para o fazer do poeta em H. Müller. Em Der Bau, ele é inicialmente uma figura repelida, da qual se distancia e até se escarnece, contudo, delineiam-se, por fim, convergências e mesmo uma identificação entre o poeta que se apresenta na peça e Orfeu. Considera-se que, com essas designações do mito de Orfeu, H. Müller expõe um tipo de defesa e legitimação do seu “trabalho com mitos” na própria poesia. Ao longo deste escrito, a articulação de fontes antigas para a representação do mito por H. Müller é perscrutada.
Ritmo em Massaud Moisés e Henri Meschonnic: uma apresentação e um contraste
Authors: Barreto Matheus
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo apresento e contrasto brevemente as noções quase opostas do termo “ritmo” nas obras dos teóricos Massaud Moisés e Henri Meschonnic. Meschonnic propõe uma compreensão bastante aberta do termo, que recupera noções da ética, da política, da linguística e de diversas outras áreas do conhecimento para o entendimento do mesmo; e intenta mesmo transformar toda a teoria da linguagem para tal. Moisés, por outro lado, trabalha com uma noção muito mais delineável e precisa do termo, que remete a características sonoras específicas da palavra, sem, no entanto, cair em simplificações. Ao apresentar e contrastar os dois entendimentos, pretendo explorar o que se depreende de produtivo desse encontro, principalmente no que diz respeito ao campo da tradução de poesia. Para isso – e de modo a verificar como tanto as noções dos dois teóricos quanto meus apontamentos se materializam na prática tradutória – retomarei mais adiante no texto duas traduções minhas dos autores de língua alemã, Ingeborg Bachmann e Peter Waterhouse.
Die Toten (2016) de Christian Kracht: encenação textual e autoral
Authors: Meneguzzo Raquel
Published: June 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o último romance de Christian Kracht, Die Toten (Os Mortos, 2016), a partir da ótica da encenação textual e autoral, ou seja, examinando o texto em suas configurações linguísticas e relações intertextuais; e o autor em sua presença midiática – através da qual se encena de modo ambíguo e estabelece relações entre sua figura autoral e o personagem principal de sua obra. O conceito de campo literário de Bourdieu (1996) e de paratexto de Genette (1989) oferecem subsídios teóricos para a abordagem feita. Percebe-se que Kracht, em Die Toten, utiliza várias estratégias para refletir sobre a própria obra.
Introdução às características fonéticofonológicas das consoantes do alemão Standard e do alemão boêmio
Authors: Habel Jussara Maria
Published: June 2019

O Rio Grande do Sul (RS) recebeu, em 1824, os primeiros imigrantes alemães vindos da região do Hunsrück, Alemanha (ALTENHOFEN 1996). Posteriormente, por volta de 1873, chegaram os imigrantes alemães da Boêmia, região da atual República Tcheca (HABEL 2017). Com isso, ocorreu um intenso contato linguístico entre essas variedades dialetais. Como ainda não foram identificados estudos sobre o sistema consonantal dessa língua falada pelos descendentes de alemães boêmios, é feita, inicialmente, uma revisão bibliográfica do alemão Standard e da variedade de imigração alemã, Hunsrückisch. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo é fazer uma descrição preliminar de alguns aspectos do sistema fonético-fonológico das consoantes do alemão boêmio em um ponto de pesquisa do RS, tendo como base, em especial, o alemão Standard.
Confiança, confiabilidade e ética: podem as empresas aprender alguma coisa com Aristóteles?
Authors: Cerdeira José Pedro
Published: June 2019

A recente crise de 2007 deu uma grande visibilidade ao problema da confiança nas organizações e ao problema associado da confiabilidade dos CEOs, reabrindo o debate sobre a importância da ética nos negócios. Contudo, a ambiguidade de alguns conceitos e a escassez de referências sobre a ética da confiança podem limitar os resultados desta discussão. Com este trabalho, propõe-se a recuperação de uma parte do pensamento de Aristóteles e sugerem-se alguns contributos para a análise do problema.
Russian Discourse on Borders and Territorial Questions – Crimea as a Watershed?
Authors: Forsberg Tuomas , Mäkinen Sirke
Published: June 2019

This article addresses the question of how the Crimean case relates to Russia’s general understanding of territorial questions and border regimes. We examine the historical evolution of Russian discourse on borders and territorial questions and investigate to what extent they can explain Russia’s decision to annex Crimea. We will look into the principles of inviolability of borders and territorial integrity that sustain the status quo, and how this has been challenged by three partly interlinked doctrines: national self-determination, geopolitics, and historical rights. We argue that the discourse on territorial integrity and the status quo has predominated in Russia since the Cold War, and that this has not changed fundamentally, either before or after the annexation of Crimea. Russia does not seem to want to abolish the existing norms altogether or to advocate any clearly articulated reformist agenda. Rather, it picks and chooses arguments on an ad hoc basis, imitating Western positions in some other cases when departing from the basic norm of the status quo. Hence, we claim that Russia’s territorial revisionism is reactive, self-serving, and constrained by the desire to avoid changing the status quo doctrine to any great extent.
Geoparnus rhinoceros sp. nov., a new edaphic dryopid with unusual sexual dimorphism (Coleoptera: Dryopidae)
Authors: KODADA JÁN , JÄCH MANFRED A. , ČIAMPOR FEDOR , ČIAMPOROVÁ-ZAÿOVIČOVÁ ZUZANA
Published: June 2019

Adults of Geoparnus rhinoceros sp. nov. (Dryopidae) are described from Borneo (Sarawak, Malaysia). The male of the new species possesses a distinct horn-like process on the clypeus, a character, which has so far not been reported from Dryopidae. The type material was collected in primary rain forest by sifting forest floor debris. Analysis of variance of metric characters was performed.
Anatomy and function of the penial twin papillae system of the Helicinae (Gastropoda: Helicoidea: Helicidae) and description of two new, small Hemicycla species from the laurel forest of the Canary Islands
Authors: ALONSO MARÍA R. , IBÁÑEZ MIGUEL
Published: June 2019

Hemicycla laurijona sp. nov. and H. fulgida sp. nov. are described from the laurel forests of La Gomera and Tenerife islands, respectively (Canary Islands). Both species belong to the Helicinae group of genera sharing the “presence of a specialized twin papillae system” in the penis, the adaptive advantage of which has not hitherto been discussed. Both species present a proximal penial papilla homologous to the “penial papilla” of other Stylommatophora, and an apomorphic distal penial papilla. The arrangement of these organs is described in a specimen with the distal genital system everted, showing that the distal penial papilla is an accessory papilla whose main function may be to lengthen the male duct in the evaginated penis. The accessory papilla may also have another function; its base forms a protuberant ring in the everted penis, perhaps for anchorage during mating or to impede a too deep penetration. The dart and an undigested part of the spermatophore of H. fulgida are also described, the species status of both H. invernicata (Mousson, 1872) and H. consobrina (A. Férussac, 1822) is confirmed and some aspects of Hemicycla relationships are discussed.
Revision of the Habropoda and Tetralonioidella species of Taiwan with comments on their host-parasitoid relationships (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apidae)
Authors: DUBITZKY ANDREAS
Published: June 2019

The Taiwanese species of Habropoda and the corresponding cleptoparasite Tetralonioidella are revised and possible coevolution between these two genera is discussed considering their seasonal and altitudinal distribution patterns. An illustrated key to the Taiwanese species of both genera is provided. The following taxa of Habropoda and Tetralonioidella are described as new for science: Habropoda christineae sp. n., Habropoda sinensis taiwana ssp. n. and Tetralonioidella heinzi sp. n. Tetralonioidella himalayana formosana stat. n. is transferred to subspecific rank and a lectotype for Habropoda tainanicola tainanicola Strand, 1913 is designated. The female of Tetralonioidella hoozana Strand, 1914 is described for the first time.
A new species of the spider genus Xenonemesia Goloboff and first record of X. platensis Goloboff from Brazil (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Microstigmatidae)
Authors: INDICATTI RAFAEL PREZZI , LUCAS SYLVIA MARLENE , BRESCOVIT ANTONIO DOMINGOS
Published: June 2019

Xenonemesia otti n. sp. (Microstigmatidae) is described from Viamão and X. platensis Goloboff newly recorded for the first time from Caçapava do Sul, both in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Apareiodon agmatos, a new species from the upper Mazaruni river, Guyana (Teleostei: Characiformes: Parodontidae)
Authors: B. DONALD C. TAPHORN , LÓPEZ-FERNÁNDEZ HERNÁN , BERNARD CALVIN R.
Published: June 2019

Apareiodon agmatos, new species, is described from the upper Mazaruni River and its tributaries, Essequibo Basin, in western Guyana. The new species is distinguishable from all other species of Parodontidae by having an incomplete lateral line. The scales of A. agmatos are more numerous than in any previously described parodontid. It has five incisorlike pedunculate teeth on the premaxilla aligned in a straight row, each with a large central spatulate cusp bordered on each side by a minute lateral cusp. The maxilla has two or infrequently three incisors. It shares an unusual pigmentation pattern of one dorsomedial and four lateral black stripes with A. gransabana, which was described from the neighboring upper Río Caroní drainage, Orinoco Basin. Apareiodon agmatos also shares with A. gransabana and Parodon guyanensis a higher number (5 versus 4) of teeth than other members of the genus in the premaxillary. Apareiodon agmatos and A. gransabana may also share an absence of thickening of the anterior pleural ribs noted by Starnes & Schindler (1993) for A. gransabana. While beyond the scope of this work, these features may prove sufficient to diagnose this group of species from the genus Apareiodon as currently recognized.
A new species of Acroneuria (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Henan Province, China, with redescription of A. hainana Wu, 1938
Authors: LIU RUIJUN , MO RAORAO , LI WEIHAI
Published: June 2019

A new species of the perlid genus Acroneuria, A. henana sp. nov. from Henan Province of central China is described based on the male, female, and egg. The relationship between the new species and related taxa are discussed. Redescription of male and female of A. hainana Wu, 1938 are also presented.
A new genus of Pulaeini (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) from South–East Asia
Authors: KALÚZ STANISLAV , ERMILOV SERGEY G.
Published: June 2019

A new genus Lepidocunaxoides gen. nov., with the type species Lepidocunaxoides robustus sp. nov. (Acari: Prostigmata, Cunaxidae), is described and figured from Vietnam. The general characters of the genus Lepidocunaxoides gen. nov. within the tribe Pulaeini include: palp femurogenu with 6 setae; palp tibiotarsus with 5 setae; setal formula for telofemora I–IV 5-5-4-3 sts; setae f2 absent. It differs from related genera of the subfamily Cunaxoidinae by its paired ventral plates resembling butterfly wings, separating the sternal plate from fused coxae II–IV, by three paired platelets around the genital plates, and by the basifemora I–IV setal formula 3-5–3-2. An undated identification key to the tribes and genera of Cunaxoidinae is provided.
A taxonomic review of the fish parasitic isopod family Cymothoidae Leach, 1818 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothooidea) of India
Authors: RAVICHANDRAN S. , VIGNESHWARAN P. , RAMESHKUMAR G.
Published: June 2019

The parasitic isopod family Cymothoidae Leach, 1818 of the India exclusive economic zone is reviewed. A total of 56 nominal species corresponding to 48 valid species belonging to sixteen genera are reviewed from 73 host species belonging to 35 families. Mothocya plagulophora (Haller, 1880), Nerocila depressa Milne Edwards, 1840, Nerocila loveni Bovallius, 1887, Nerocila trichiura (Miers, 1877), Norileca triangulata (Richardson, 1910) and Ryukyua globosa Williams & Bunkley-Williams, 1994 are redescribed. Indusa pustulosa Pillai, 1954 is synonymised with Agarna malayi Tiwari, 1952; Cymothoa krishnai Jayadev Babu & Sanjeeva Raj, 1984 is synonymised with Cymothoa eremita (Brünnich, 1783) and Nerocila priacanthusi Kumari, Rao & Shyamasundari, 1987 is synonymised with Nerocila arres Bowman & Tareen, 1983. Ourozeuktes bopyroides (Lesueur, 1814) is revised and excluded from the Indian fauna. The Indian cymothoid species Agarna bengalensis Kumari, Rao & Shaymasundari, 1990, Cymothoa asymmetrica Pillai, 1954 and Nerocila hemirhamphusi Shyamasundari, Rao & Kumari, 1990 are regarded here as species inquirenda. A key to the Indian genera of the family Cymothoidae and keys to the Indian species of the genera Cymothoa, Joryma, Mothocya, and Nerocila are presented. A checklist of the valid Cymothoidae species until now reported from Indian marine fishes are compiled. Host preferences, morphological variability and distribution are discussed.
Status Loss: The Burden of Positively Selected Immigrants
Authors: Engzell Per , Ichou Mathieu
Published: June 2019

Immigrants experience an ambiguous social position: on the one hand, they tend to be positively selected on resources from the origin country; on the other, they often occupy the lower rungs of the status ladder in receiving countries. This study explores the implications of this ambiguity for two important individual outcomes: subjective social status and perceived financial situation. We study the diverse sample of immigrants in the European Social Survey and use the fact that, due to country differences in educational distributions, a given education level can entail a very different rank in the sending and receiving countries. We document a robust relationship whereby immigrants who ranked higher in the origin than in the destination country see themselves as being comparatively worse off. This finding suggests that the social position before migration provides an important reference point by which immigrants judge their success in the new country.
Evaluation of complete blood count parameters, cell ratios, and cell volume indices in mushroom poisonings
Authors: Doğan M , Karahan İ
Published: June 2019

Objective:

Mushroom poisoning is still a significant health-care problem, with the potential to affect blood parameters. The present study analyses the effect of mushroom poisoning on complete blood cell parameters, cell ratios, and cell volume indices and the effect of the mentioned parameters on prognosis/hospital length of stay.

Methods:

The study involved the retrospective assessment of 48 patients who became symptomatic after ingesting mushrooms. Patients who were 18 years and above and who spent at least one day in hospital were included in the study. The control group comprised individuals with similar characteristics to the patient group. The complete blood cell parameters, platelet indices (mean platelet volume, plateletcrit (PCT)), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio levels were compared between the two groups, and these ratios were analyzed for any correlation with length of hospital stay.

Results:

NLR was significantly higher and PCT was significantly lower in the mushroom-poisoned group, while all other parameters were similar between the groups. NLR had a positive correlation and PCT had a negative correlation with length of hospital stay.

Conclusion:

NLR and PCT levels can provide information about prognosis and can aid in the prediction of hospital stay in mushroom-poisoned patients. Further investigations are needed to investigate effects of intoxication on hematological system elements.
Experimental and numerical investigation on the anti-penetration performance of metallic sandwich plates for marine applications
Authors: Zhao Na , Ye Renchuan , Tian Ali , Cui Jie , Ren Peng , Wang Minghui
Published: June 2019

To predict the anti-penetration performance of protective structures, the ballistic performance of sandwich plates with steel face-sheet and aluminum foam core, the quasi-static compressive experiments of four different aluminum foam are performed and analyzed. The failure mechanism, mechanical parameters, and modified constitutive model are obtained. The virtual tests using numerical simulation were carried out in different penetration velocities based on quasi-static experimental constitutive parameters. Influence of projectile shape, face-sheet thickness, core thickness, and core densities on the residual velocity and plastic deformation of sandwich plates are discussed, while typical penetration failure modes and deformation mechanism are presented and analyzed. The failure modes of sandwich plates are different for hemisphere- and blunted-nosed projectile and the projectile shape influence is significant for ballistic performance when the penetration velocity approaches ballistic limit. The ballistic limit increases with increase of face-sheet or core thickness, core density and which shows an approximate linear relationship.
Transition from parental prostacyclin to selexipag: a case series of five pulmonary arterial hypertension patients
Authors: Holthaus Nathan , Prins Kurt W. , Rose Lauren , Prisco Sasha , Pritzker Marc , Thenappan Thenappan
Published: June 2019

Parental prostacyclin is the only therapy with a proven survival benefit in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, some patients are unable to tolerate continuous prostacyclin infusion because of central line infection, side effects, or sociocultural factors. Selexipag is a recently approved prostacyclin receptor agonist that is able to blunt PAH disease progression. Although in the same molecular pathway, the interchangeability of selexipag with prostacyclin infusions is relatively unexplored. Here, we present a case series of five stable PAH patients who were functional class (FC) I or II that were transitioned from prostacyclin infusion to selexipag using a standardized protocol in the inpatient setting. We show that the transition to selexipag in five highly selected patients was tolerated with no significant changes in FC, minimal changes in pulmonary vascular disease severity, and no significant PAH‐related complications. However, there was a trend for a reduction in cardiac index after transition to selexipag. These data suggest that a transition from prostacyclin infusion to selexipag can be achieved in clinically stable PAH patients who are unable to tolerate continuous prostacyclin infusion. However, this approach should only be selectively implemented at specialized centers with close follow‐up due to the trend for a reduction in cardiac index after transition to selexipag.
Reducing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Using Quality Improvement Approaches
Authors: Livesley Nigel , Coly Astou , Karamagi Esther , Nsubuga-Nyombi Tamara , Mwita Stella Kasindi , Ngonyani Monica M. , Mvungi Jane , Kinyua Kevin , Muange Prisca , Ismail Anisa , Quick Timothy , Stern Amy
Published: June 2019

Over half of mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) occurs postdelivery. Keeping mother–infant pairs in care remains challenging. Health workers in 3 countries used quality improvement (QI) approaches to improve data systems, mother–infant retention, and facility-based care delivery. The number and proportion of infants with known HIV status at time of discharge from early infant diagnosis programs increased in Tanzania and Uganda. We analyzed data using statistical process control charts. Mother-to-child HIV transmission did not decrease in 15 Kenyan sites, decreased from 12.7% to 3.8% in 28 Tanzanian sites, and decreased from 17.2% to 1.5% in 10 Ugandan sites with baseline data. This improvement is likely due to the combination of option B+, service delivery improvements, and retention through QI approaches. Reaching the global MTCT elimination target and maximizing infant survival will require health systems to support mother–infant pairs to remain in care and support health workers to deliver care. Quality improvement approaches can support these changes.
How do studies assess the preventability of readmissions? A systematic review with narrative synthesis
Authors: Kneepkens Eva-Linda , Brouwers Corline , Singotani Richelle Glory , de Bruijne Martine C. , Karapinar-Çarkit Fatma
Published: June 2019

Background

A large number of articles examined the preventability rate of readmissions, but comparison and interpretability of these preventability rates is complicated due to the large heterogeneity of methods that were used.

To compare (the implications of) the different methods used to assess the preventability of readmissions by means of medical record review.

Methods

A literature search was conducted in PUBMED and EMBASE using “readmission” and “avoidability” or “preventability” as key terms. A consensus-based narrative data synthesis was performed to compare and discuss the different methods.

Results

Abstracts of 2504 unique citations were screened resulting in 48 full text articles which were included in the final analysis. Synthesis led to the identification of a set of important variables on which the studies differed considerably (type of readmissions, sources of information, definition of preventability, cause classification and reviewer process). In 69% of the studies the cause classification and preventability assessment were integrated; meaning specific causes were predefined as preventable or not preventable. The reviewers were most often medical specialist (67%), and 27% of the studies added interview as a source of information.

Conclusion

A consensus-based standardised approach to assess preventability of readmission is warranted to reduce the unwanted bias in preventability rates. Patient-related and integrated care related factors are potentially underreported in readmission studies.
Kinematics of common-image gathers — Part 2: Tomographic ray tracing and applications
Authors: Montel Jean-Philippe , Lambaré Gilles
Published: June 2019

Tomographic ray tracing is the critical step in ray-based tomographic approaches when we need to represent as precisely as possible the wavepaths of the migration. To be able to update velocities from picked information in the migrated domain, one must be able to back propagate the misfocusing information (e.g., the residual moveout [RMO]) into the model through the tracing of tomographic rays. The complex kinematics associated with some types of migration, ray based or not, will give us RMO curvatures that will be impossible to explain with traditional tomographic ray-tracing methods. We have evaluated a generic method for tracing these rays by fitting constraints unique to each migration approach. We found that, on synthetic and real data, using the correct set of equations in the tomographic ray-tracing engine can make a significant difference in the velocity model update.
KCNJ5 Somatic Mutation Is a Predictor of Hypertension Remission After Adrenalectomy for Unilateral Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Vilela Leticia A P , Rassi-Cruz Marcela , Guimaraes Augusto G , Moises Caio C S , Freitas Thais C , Alencar Natalia P , Petenuci Janaina , Goldbaum Tatiana S , Maciel Ana Alice W , Pereira Maria Adelaide A , Silva Giovanio V , Pio-Abreu Andrea , Zerbini Maria Claudia N , Cavalcante Aline C B S , Carnevale Francisco C , Pilan Bruna , Yamauchi Fernando , Srougi Vitor , Tanno Fabio Y , Chambo Jose L , Latronico Ana Claudia , Mendonca Berenice B , Fragoso Maria Candida B V , Bortolotto Luiz A , Drager Luciano F , Almeida Madson Q
Published: June 2019

Context

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of endocrine hypertension (HT). HT remission (defined as blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg without antihypertensive drugs) has been reported in approximately 50% of patients with unilateral PA after adrenalectomy. HT duration and severity are predictors of blood pressure response, but the prognostic role of somatic KCNJ5 mutations is unclear.

Objective

To determine clinical and molecular features associated with HT remission after adrenalectomy in patients with unilateral PA.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated 100 patients with PA (60 women; median age at diagnosis 48 years with a median follow-up of 26 months). Anatomopathological analysis revealed 90 aldosterone-producing adenomas, 1 carcinoma, and 9 unilateral adrenal hyperplasias. All patients had biochemical cure after unilateral adrenalectomy. KCNJ5 gene was sequenced in 76 cases.

Results

KCNJ5 mutations were identified in 33 of 76 (43.4%) tumors: p.Gly151Arg (n = 17), p.Leu168Arg (n = 15), and p.Glu145Gln (n = 1). HT remission was reported in 37 of 100 (37%) patients. Among patients with HT remission, 73% were women (P = 0.04), 48.6% used more than three antihypertensive medications (P = 0.0001), and 64.9% had HT duration <10 years (P = 0.0015) compared with those without HT remission. Somatic KCNJ5 mutations were associated with female sex (P = 0.004), larger nodules (P = 0.001), and HT remission (P = 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, only a somatic KCNJ5 mutation was an independent predictor of HT remission after adrenalectomy (P = 0.004).

Conclusion

The presence of a KCNJ5 somatic mutation is an independent predictor of HT remission after unilateral adrenalectomy in patients with unilateral PA.
A Chiral Picolinic Acid Ligand, Cl-Naph-PyCOOH, for CpRu-Catalyzed Dehydrative Allylation: Design, Synthesis, and Properties
Authors: Tanaka Shinji , Suzuki Yusuke , Kimura Takahiro , Kitamura Masato
Published: June 2019

A CpRu/Brønsted acid-combined catalyst, CpRu(II)/picolinic acid (PyCOOH), acts as an efficient catalyst for the allyl protection/deprotection of alcohols. This discovery has resulted in the development of a new axially chiral ligand, Cl-Naph-PyCOOH (2a; 6-(2-chloronaphthalen-1-yl)-5-methylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid) through an investigation on the ligand structure-reactivity relationship in the CpRu-catalyzed dehydrative cyclization of (E)-hept-2-ene-1,7-diol (5) to 2-vinyltetrahydro-2H-pyran (6). A large-scale synthetic procedure for 2a and the allyl esters 2b has been established. The activation energy ΔG‡ of the stereoinversion and the half-life time of (R)-2b racemization have been determined to be 33.7 kcal mol−1 and 16,000 years at 25 °C, respectively. The CpRu(II)/(R)-Cl-Naph-PyCOOH catalyst exists as a 1:1 diastereomeric mixture of (R,RRu)-3 (AR) and (R,SRu)-3 (AS) because of the axial chirality of 2a and the Ru stereogenic center. The epimerization rate of the Ru center is 19.5 s−1 at 30 °C with an energy barrier ΔG‡ of 16.0 kcal mol−1. Both AR and AS have their own reactivity and enantioselectivity. Nevertheless, an enantiomer ratio of up to >99:1 can be realized in the allylative cyclization of E-allylic alcohols possessing a protic nucleophile, OH, NHCOR, NHSO2R, or COOH, at the terminal position. Questions about the mechanism have been raised as progress is being made towards a mechanistic investigation.
Nível de divulgação do passivo contingente: um estudo nos bancos listados na BM&FBOvespa
Authors: Nascimento Camila Silva , Arruda Jorge Alberto De Saboia
Published: June 2019

O presente estudo objetiva avaliar o nível de divulgação do passivo contingente dos bancos listados nos segmentos diferenciados de governança corporativa da BM&FBovespa nos demonstrativos financeiros de 2014 a 2016. Este estudo consiste em uma pesquisa qualitativa, classificada como descritiva. O procedimento metodológico adotado para a coleta de dados foi a análise documental. A amostra foi composta por dez companhias, e os resultados apontam que a média do nível de divulgação foi de 63%. Constatou-se que, das dez empresas analisadas, seis apresentaram o nível acima da média e quatro ficaram abaixo. Para este artigo, priorizou-se a descrição de seis empresas, três com nível acima da média e três com nível abaixo. Observou-se que os passivos contingentes mais encontrados foram tributários, trabalhistas e cíveis, respectivamente. Percebeu-se que as companhias ainda não estão cumprindo adequadamente as exigências estabelecidas pelo CPC 25 (2009); porém, a maioria apresentou níveis de divulgação satisfatórios.
Eficiência no abastecimento de materiais em uma linha de montagem multiproduto
Authors: Costa Diego Quevedo , Miri Daniel Hank , Chais Cassiane , Matte Juliana , Ganzer Paula Patrícia , Olea Pelayo Munhoz
Published: June 2019

Apesar de alguns avanços, a logística continua sendo uma área relativamente inexplorada no que concerne ao aumento de produtividade. Diante disso, o tema deste trabalho consiste na logística interna de materiais e no abastecimento da linha multiproduto de uma fábrica de tratores localizada em Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. Objetivou-se, assim, identificar oportunidades de melhoria nos processos, a fim de aumentar a eficiência na logística interna do abastecimento de materiais na linha de montagem. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, procedeu-se a uma pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, por meio de um estudo de caso único, fundamentado em entrevistas individuais em profundidade com dez profissionais diretamente ligados ao tema em questão. Após a análise de conteúdo das entrevistas, identificaram-se oportunidades de melhorias nos processos de logística de abastecimento, como a falta de confiabilidade nos sistemas utilizados, a necessidade de treinamentos e as informações disponibilizadas.
Athena Athanasiou: Agonistic Mourning: Political Dissidence and the Women in Black
Authors: Yannakopoulos Kostas
Published: June 2019

Review of Athena Athanasiou. Agonistic Mourning: Political Dissidence and the Women in Black. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017. xii + 348 pp.