bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Römische Kurie und Karriere
Authors: Voigt Jörg
Published: November 2020

This paper discusses the cleric Nikolaus Graurock († 1493), who came to Rome at a young age to embark upon a remarkable career. His connection to the Hospital and Fraternity of Santa Maria dellʼAnima was the first important support used by this man of legal and diplomatic talents, who thus became acquainted with the customs of the Curia and of Rome and was able to quickly build up a personal network. His membership of the familia of cardinal Latinus Orsini, who came from a family of the high nobility with influence in Rome and Italy, was also fundamental. In the 1450 s, Graurock was one of the key figures – especially in the „Lüneburg Prelate War“ – in the exchange between the Curia and representatives from northern Germany. Thanks to his position, however, Nikolaus Graurock also promoted the careers of others, including relatives. During his long stay in Rome he came into closer contact with those humanists who played an increasingly important role at the papal court from the second half of the 15th century onwards and whose works he later disseminated in Germany. This example of a mid-level cleric thus offers fundamental insights into the career opportunities that Rome and the Curia offered in the 15th century.
Eresie di confine
Authors: Kalak Matteo Al
Published: November 2020

The article is inspired by the discovery of new documents concerning the case of the heretic Fanino Fanini da Faenza, who in 1549–1550 was at the centre of a bitter jurisdictional conflict between the Holy See and the Estense State. Thanks to the new evidence collected, it is possible to outline the role played by the legate of Romagna, Cardinal Girolamo Recanati Capodiferro, who conducted negotiations with Duke Ercole II d’Este through the mediation of the Portuguese scholar António Ribeiro. The study then attempts to broaden the analysis, showing that Fanini’s story allows us to reflect on the positions taken by some members of the sacred college (in particular Marcello Cervini and Capodiferro himself) in the months preceding the death of Paul III, on their attitude towards the heretical emergency, and on the attempts of the Italian princes to impose their own control over the inquisitorial courts.
Introduction to the Special Section: Walk-in Single-Session and Booked Single-Session Therapy in Canada
Authors: McElheran Nancy , Harper-Jaques Sandy , Lawson Ann
Published: November 2020

Walk-in single session and single session by appointment therapy services have been in existence for the past 50 years in North America. Dimensions of this approach were outlined in this journal in both 2008 and again in 2019 (Slive & Bobele, 2019, Slive, McElheran, & Lawson, 2008). In this introduction to the Special Section on Walk-In Single-Session and Booked Single-Session Services in Canada, the authors will provide an overview of some of the current walk-in single-session and booked single-session services in place and/or in progress at various locations across the country.
Interview: Claus Offe and Helmut Anheier
Authors: Offe Claus , Anheier Helmut K.
Published: November 2020

In this interview, Claus Offe and Helmut Anheier examine the state of Eastern Europe 30 years after the fall of communism, explore the relationship between capitalism and democracy, and discuss what the social sciences mean today. They talk about the stresses liberalism is currently experiencing, current political developments in the US and UK, and the current relevance the fields of sociology and economics.
SUSTAINABILITY REPORT AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: STUDY IN MINING AND METAL AND FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE 2014-2017
Authors: Gunarsih Tri , Ismawati Yuni
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study is to give empirical evidence about the effect of three disclosure dimensions of Sustainability Reporting (SR) to firm performance using ROA and Tobin’s Q. The three dimensions of SR consist of economic dimension, environmental dimension, and social dimension. The argument of the relationship between SR and companies' performance in this study is developed base on good management theories that argue that there is a high correlation between good management practice and Corporate Social Performance (CSP), then there will be a positive impact of SR on the company’s performance. The sample of this study comprises of 60 listed companies in IDX in 2014-2017, in mining and metal and food processing industries. The sampling method is purposive sampling.  The results show two dimensions of SR (economic dimension and social dimension) has an impact on market value (Tobin’s Q) but not on book value (ROA).
THE MODERATING EFFECT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND COMPANIES PERFORMANCE IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Nawaz Khan Sajad , Ali Engku Ismail
Published: November 2020

During the global financial crises, the prominence of corporate governance was realized after the major loopholes identified in corporate policies and conspicuous corporate scandals all over the world. Developed countries have passed several laws such as the “Say on Pay” or the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act” to protect the shareholder's wealth. On the contrary, developing countries are still thriving to gain effective corporate governance recognition. This study examined the moderating effect of intellectual capital on the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance. The current study uses four-year panel data from 2012 to 2015. Linear regression, correlated panels corrected standard errors (PCSEs) are used in the analysis. The findings of the study indicate that the intellectual capital has a significant effect on the relationship between board size, board financial expertise, CEO duality, gender diversity and firm performance (ROA). On the other hand, it does not seem to moderate the relationship between board independence and firm performance (ROA). Similarly, the findings indicate that intellectual capital has a significant relationship between board size, board independence, CEO duality, gender diversity and firm performance (ROE) has no moderating effect on the relationship between board financial expertise and firm performance (ROE). Moreover, the empirical results highlight the significance of intellectual capital for regulations and policy making.
CIVIL SOCIETY STRATEGIES AND PROJECTS IN FLOOD HIT AREA: A CASE OF PAKISTAN FLOOD AFFECTED AREAS
Authors: Turi Jamshid Ali , Basheer Hassan , Sorooshian Shahryar , Shaikh Sadia
Published: November 2020

In the past few decades, the frequency of floods has increased in Pakistan. Climate change and poor policy-making and management system across the country is the main reason for the increasing floods in Pakistan. However, the role and potential of Civil Society has not been acknowledged by different stakeholders in disaster management. The aim of the study to explore the role of civil societies contributes to the flood-affected area also how their efforts can be more meaningful for the flood-affected communities. A quantitative study based on a questionnaire conducted in village Ghangwal. The study reveals that Civil Societies responses are quicker than the government response to the flood-affected areas. The major role of Civil Society is in rescue and recovery phases. However, in mitigation and rehabilitation phases the role is limited. The government can reduce the risks of floods if the Local Government system and coordinated efforts at all level are ensured.  In the conclusion, the study identified four major areas where Civil Societies support the affected communities are civil society’s response is quicker and more immediate; rescue the affected people and nature of help extended by the civil societies; basic needs of the affected people so the need-based assessment was carried out to compensate and rehabilitate the prospective flood victims. Lastly, the study discovered the methods of distribution of relief-goods among the victims.
Las revistas académicas españolas de estudios fílmicos. Una cartografía
Authors: Nieto Ferrando Jorge , Aranzubía Asier
Published: November 2020

Este artículo ofrece un inventario de las principales revistas académicas sobre cine que se han editado en España a lo largo de los últimos cuarenta años. Durante la década de los setenta del siglo pasado se pueden encontrar revistas de carácter híbrido en las que la atención a la actualidad convive ya con los primeros balbuceos de un discurso científico en torno al cine. La consolidación de los estudios universitarios de comunicación en la década de los ochenta propiciará la creación de las primeras revistas científicas dedicadas exclusivamente al cine. A las pioneras de los ochenta, Cinematògraf, Archivos de la Filmoteca e Ikusgaiak se sumarán, ya en la década siguiente, publicaciones como Filmhistoria, Cinema Rescat o Secuencias. Revista de historia del cine. Con la llegada del siglo XXI, las revistas académicas pasarán a desempeñar una función esencial dentro del nuevo sistema de acreditación del profesorado universitario. Las numerosas dificultades que las revistas de cine han encontrado para adaptarse a este nuevo escenario, unidas a la precaria situación de la investigación en el campo de los estudios fílmicos, han sumido al sector en una profunda crisis.
Solving Pennsylvania’s Budget Woes
Authors: Melusky Benjamin
Published: November 2020

Pennsylvania has a long history of failing to pass its budget by the start of the next fiscal year, often plunging the state in prolonged periods of budget impasse, and subjecting the state to a myriad of social, economic, and political consequences. This article explores the history of budget impasses in the Commonwealth, including their causes and consequences, and advances a growing trend in American politics as a potential solution to this problem—the election of more women to the General Assembly. I suggest that the addition of more female lawmakers will make the budgetary process more collegial as these political actors are prone to reach across the aisle and compromise due to patterns of socially reinforced behavioral expectations, thus bringing budgetary stalemates to a quicker resolution. The consequences of prolonged impasses on the target populations of importance to female lawmakers are explored as an impetus for engaging in this behavior.
Investigation of the Calculation of Coupled Channels for Some Halo Systems
Authors: Hussain F.M. , Majeed F.A. , Meteab M.H.
Published: November 2020

The fusion reaction for systems involving halo nuclei are investigated by two- and multicoupled channel calculations for the systems 8B+58Ni, 11Be+209Bi, and 15C+232Th. The effect of coupling between the breakup channel and the elastic channel have been considered using the Continuum Discretized Coupled Channels (CDCC) method in full quantum and semiclassical approaches. The calculation of the fusion cross-section qfus (mb), fusion barrier distribution Dfus (mb/MeV) and fusion probability Pfus reproduces the measured data for the systems under study quite well above and below the Coulomb barrier VB. In the case of two-channel coupling both in semiclassical and quantum mechanical approaches, the measured data above the Coulomb barrier VB are overestimated.
On the Temperature Role in the Tunneling Process at the Low-Energy Nuclear Fusion
Authors: Grinyuk B.E. , Simenog I.V.
Published: November 2020

The temperature dependence of the coefficient of tunneling through the Coulomb barrier is estimated for nuclei of the hydrogen isotopes at comparatively low temperatures using a model of screened Coulomb interaction potential between the isotopes put inside an external oscillator potential well. The temperature dependences for the tunneling coefficient are calculated for pp-, pd-, pt-, dd-, and dt-processes at different screening radii. The probable role of pp-reactions is discussed.
Bose–Einstein Condensation as a Deposition Phase Transition of Quantum Hard Spheres and New Relations between Bosonic and Fermionic Pressures
Authors: Bugaev К.А. , Ivanytskyi O.I. , Grinyuk B.E. , Yakimenko I.P.
Published: November 2020

We investigate the phase transition of Bose–Einstein particles with the hard-core repulsion in the grand canonical ensemble within the Van der Waals approximation. It is shown that the pressure of non-relativistic Bose–Einstein particles is mathematically equivalent to the pressure of simplified version of the statistical multifragmentation model of nuclei with the vanishing surface tension coefficient and the Fisher exponent тF = 5/2 , which for such parameters has the 1-st order phase transition. The found similarity of these equations of state allows us to show that within the present approach the high density phase of Bose-Einstein particles is a classical macro-cluster with vanishing entropy at any temperature which, similarly to the system of classical hard spheres, is a kind of solid state. To show this we establish new relations which allow us to identically represent the pressure of Fermi–Dirac particles in terms of pressures of Bose–Einstein particles of two sorts.
Електрон-ґратковий енергообмін і гарячі електрони в острівкових металевих плівках
Authors: Tomchuk P.M. , Starkov V.N.
Published: November 2020

В роботi розглядаються завершальнi тези теорiї автора, яка описує гарячi електрони в острiвкових металевих плiвках. Детально дослiджено, як розмiрнi залежностi електрон-ґраткового енергообмiну впливають на електроннi температури гарячих електронiв при наближеннi системи до критичних розмiрiв. Виявлено високу чутливiсть електронної температури до розмiрiв металевої наночастинки в околi критичних значень. Отримано результати обчислювальних експериментiв, якi пiдтверджують основнi положення теорiї.
A New Era in Zero X-ray Ablation
Authors: Mascia Giuseppe , Giaccardi Marzia
Published: November 2020

In this article, the authors focus on the importance of the zero X-ray ablation approach in electrophysiology. Radiation exposure related to conventional transcatheter ablation carries small but non-negligible stochastic and deterministic effects on health. Non-fluoroscopic mapping systems can significantly reduce, or even completely avoid, radiological exposure. The zero X-ray approach determines potential clinical benefits in terms of reduction of ionising radiation exposure, as well as safe technical advantages. The use of this method can result in similar outcomes when compared to the conventional fluoroscopic technique. These results are achieved without altering the duration, or compromising the effectiveness and safety, of the procedure. The zero X-ray ablation approach is a feasible and safe alternative to fluoroscopy, which is often only used in selected cases for troubleshooting. The non-fluoroscopic approach is considered a milestone for cancer prevention in ablation procedures.
Social capital and internationalization of commercial banks in Kenya
Authors: Omondi Philip P. , Ndegwa Joyce W. , Okech T. C.
Published: November 2020

Purpose – tо study sought to delve into social capital and commercial banks' internationalization in Kenya drawing on the internationalization concept.

Design/Method/Approach. The research adopted a positivist philosophical approach and used a descriptive cross-sectional research design targeting top and middle-level managers in Kenya's commercial banks. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 for both descriptive and inferential statistics. Structural Equation Modelling was used to establish the influence of social capital on commercial banks' internationalization in Kenya.

Findings. The findings established a significant and positive relationship between the components of social capital: inter-cultural empathy, inter- personal impact and diplomacy, and commercial banks' internationalization.

Practical implications. The results have significant consequences: Firstly, social capital has a positive and statistically significant relationship with commercial banks' internationalization. Secondly, all dimensions of social capital affect the acquisition of foreign market knowledge and financial resources. Thirdly, the use of individuals' social capital often changes during internationalization.

Originality/Value. The study's novelty demonstrates the interaction of commercial banks' managers in Kenya on the application of social capital as an internationalization orientation process.

Research Limitations/Future Research. The research contributes to the advancement of location theory. It opens avenues for future research to establish what extent social capital is beneficial to banks that have ventured into international markets.

Paper type – empirical.
Logistics system model optimization of an enterprise producing one type of goods
Authors: Sherstenikov Yuriy V. , Yakovenko Aleksandr G. , Bortulov Yevhen S.
Published: November 2020

Purpose – to develop the logistics system (LS) model of an enterprise that allows performing joint model optimization of production capacity, retail network, and advertising campaign using J. Forrester's approach.

Findings. The paper elaborates on a numerical method for solving the optimization problem based on a system of equations in discrete time form. There we had the time behavior computations of all logistics system rates (production and supply), including the stocks’ level in the wholesale and retail sales networks. The optimization problem of determining the maximum economic efficiency is formulated and solved.

Theoretical implications. The paper's research performed in the paper forms a methodological basis for the mathematical model development of various logistics systems.

Practical implications. The created model is applicable for optimizing or determining the logistics systems’ optimal parameters.

Originality/Value. The authors' logistics system model is original. The model has no analogs in the scientific literature.

Research limitations/Future research. The main limitation is producing one type of product by an enterprise. Further research should reflect the product diversification possibility.

Paper type – theoretical.
Increasing the travel agency’s leading positions by optimizing its website
Authors: Dronova Tetyana S. , Trygub Yana Y.
Published: November 2020

Purpose – to study website’s work and content of the travel agency on the example of the "Laspi" travel agency, identify its technical properties and offer methods to increase the web-resource leading position in the Yandex and Google search engines by performing SEO-analysis.

Design/Method/Research approach. Internet resources SEO-analysis.

Findings.The travel product promotion directly depends on the travel market participants' advertising tools' effectiveness, mainly travel agents. It is determined that one of the new technologies that increase the advertising effectiveness, in particular via the travel agencies’ web resources, is SEO-technology. The authors Identified technical shortcomings of its operation, mainly related to search queries statistics, the subject site visits, the semantic core operation, the site improvement, the site increasing citation, and the number of persistent references in the network. It is proved that updating site development, changing its environment, analyzing user behavior, namely the Og Properties micro markup, updating HTML tags, analytical programs placing, iframe objects selection, and other activities, increase the content uniqueness. As a result, search engines scanned the site, and the search results took first place for the positions essential for the web resource.

Originality/Value. The leading positions increasing mechanism application, website operation optimization allow search engines to bring it to the TOP of the most popular travel sites.

Theoretical implications. To optimize the web resource operation, a mechanism for improving its leading position is proposed that includes three steps: the general website characteristics of marketing, SEO-analysis, recommendations provision.

Practical implications. The research is practical in improving the site’s technical operation and increasing its leading position in Yandex and Google search engines.

Research limitations/Future research. Further research aims at the site further analysis after making the proposed changes to its operation.

Paper type – empirical.
A vallásos attitűdök klasszifikációja az értelemmegélés és az aspirációk tükrében
Authors: Gergely Bence , Zábó Virág , Martos Tamás , Vargha András
Published: November 2020

Háttér és célkitűzések

A wulffi elméletet alapul vevő Kritika Utáni Vallásosság skála két dimenzión alapuló kiértékelése (Martos, Kézdy, Robu, Urbán és Horváth-Szabó, 2009) lehetőséget nyújt egy újfajta vallásosságtipológia létrehozására. Kutatásunk célja az volt, hogy a vallás iránti attitűdöket személyorientált statisztikai eljárások segítségével vizsgáljuk annak érdekében, hogy a valláshoz való személyes viszonyulás differenciáltabb típusait tárjuk fel.

Módszer

Hierarchikus agglomeratív és k-központú klaszteranalízist végeztünk el egy 1417 fős és egy 506 fős mintán, majd megbízhatóságát centroid módszerrel és egy újfajta validálási eljárással ellenőriztük (vö. Vargha, Bergman és Takács, 2016), majd a létrejövő klaszterstruktúrákat vizsgáltuk az értelemmegélés és értelemkeresés, valamint az aspirációk tükrében.

Eredmények

Az eredmények szerint azonosítható egy megbízható 7 klaszteres struktúra. A feltárt klasz- terek között megjelent a szakirodalom által sugallt klasszikus négy attitűddel közel azonos mintázat (Ortodoxia, Külső Kritika, Relativizmus, Második Naivitás). Három további típus kimutatása hozzájárult ahhoz, hogy a vallás iránti egyéni viszonyulásokról árnyaltabb képet tárjunk fel.

Következtetések

Az Ortodoxia és a Második Naivitás csoportba tartozók kedvezőbb, a Külső Kritika csoportjába tartozók kedvezőtlenebb pontszámot érnek el az értelemmegélés és -keresés, illetve az aspirációk tekintetében. A transzcendencia befogadása az értelmesség megélésének pozitív előrejezője.

Based on Wulffs theorem the two dimensional evaluation of the Post Critical belief scale presents a valuable opportunity to create a typology of religious attitudes. The main goal of the research was to explore different types of attitudes towards religiosity in a person-oriented framework. We performed a hierarchical agglomerative and k-means cluster analysis in two distinct samples (one with 1417 and one with 506 participants), and verified the results with centroid-method and a new validation process (Vargha, Bergman & Takács, 2016). Furthermore we examined the relationship between the given cluster structures and the presence of/ searching for meaning in life, and the intrinsic/extrinsic aspirations. The results show that there is a reliable underlying 7-cluster solution in both samples. The explored cluster structures include the classic pattern of religious attitudes (Orthodoxy, External Critique, Relativism, Second Naivité), moreover it expands the model with three additional types. The members of the Orthodoxy and Second Naivité clusters had higher scores, while the External Critique group had lower scores in the given external variables. The inclusion of transcendence is in a positive relationship with presence of meaning in life.
A közösség által támogatott mezőgazdálkodás szubjektív aspektusai
Authors: Birtalan Ilona Liliána , Kis Bernadett , Bárdos György
Published: November 2020

Elméleti háttér

A közösség által támogatott mezőgazdálkodás (CSA) gyorsan növekvő jelenség világszerte, a helyi élelmiszer termelésének és elosztásának az a módja, amikor a termelő és a fogyasztók (tagok) közvetlenül elköteleződnek egymás felé. A közösségi mezőgazdálkodási rendszerek, mint alulról jövő társadalmi kezdeményezések, az élelmiszerek „árutlanítása" felé tett törekvésként is értelmezhetők, és szorosan kapcsolódnak a fenntarthatóság kérdésköréhez, mely a pszichológiai és az egészségfejlesztési diskurzusba hazánkban még alig került be.

Módszertan

A szakirodalmak kiválasztása során először konkrét szókombinációk mentén kerestünk cikkeket, majd a talált cikkek irodalmi hivatkozásait áttanulmányoztuk; illetve szakirodalom-kereső portálok elsődlegesen talált cikkeihez ajánlott további cikkeit tekintettük át a CSA-részvétellel járó tapasztalatok szempontjából.

Eredmények

Áttekintésünk alapján látható, hogy a részvétel nemcsak konkrét előnyök mentén értelmezhető, hanem a további aspektusok, mint Hasonló gondolkodás, Lokalitás (város-vidék tengely), Személyes törődés, Életmódváltás, valamint az Újraírt sémák taglalása is legalább olyan fontos.

Következtetések

Véleményünk szerint a CSA-ban való részvétel átgondolása hasznos információkat nyújthat többek között a fenntartható pozitív mentális egészség fogalmának kibontásában.

Theoretical background

Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) is a rapidly growing phenomenon worldwide, a model of production and distribution of local food that connects the producer and consumers (members) directly. As a grassroot initiative, CSAs can be seen as a step towards the decommodification of food and are directly associated with sustainability which is rarely involved in psychological and health promotional discourse in Hungary.

Methods

In the selection process of literature, at first papers containing specific word combinations were selected. Articles recommended by academic literature search portals during this process and references section of the selected papers were studied further in the context CSA involvement to find more relevant articles.

Results

Based on our review it seems that CSA participation can be interpreted not only through factual advantages: Similar Thinking, Locality: urban-rural axis, Personal Care, Lifestyle Change, and Rewriting of Schemes are at least as important.

Consequencies

According to our view, studying participation in CSA may yield useful information for developing the concept of sustainable positive mental health.
ENDURANCE OF CARCASS TYPE POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS AT DEFORMATION JOINTS OF BRIDGE STRUCTURE’S ELEMENTS
Authors: Bondarev B. A , Korneeva A. O , Korneev O. O , Saakyan A. G , Vostrikov I. A
Published: November 2020

Numerous studies of road surfaces in the areas of deformation joints of bridges and overpasses have shown that the use of polymer composite materials can significantly reduce cracks and destruction. The cyclic durability of such materials prevents rutting in the zone of deformation seams, due to their damping properties. Effective building materials based on furfural acetone monomers (FAM) are used for the manufacture of tides that experience cyclic impacts of vehicle wheels. Therefore, tests were conducted on the endurance of FAM polymer concrete under the influence of cyclic application of load. Today cyclic and static durability of traditional FAM polymer concretes has been studied in detail. However, the carcass technology can improve the characteristics of polymer concrete, in particular, reduce shrinkage. These polymer concretes are produced in two stages. First, a carcass is created from the filler grains glued together, and then the voids are filled with a matrix composition. This article presents the results of endurance tests of polymer concrete made using carcass and traditional technologies, with the same set of raw materials. To determine the limit of endurance, we used the method of planning an experiment with the construction of an orthogonal-composite plan of the second order. The cycle asymmetry coefficient and loading level (as a percentage of the destruction load) were selected as variable factors affecting the cyclic durability. Lines of fatigue strength of traditional polymer concrete FAM and obtained by carcass manufacturing technology at different values of the cycle asymmetry coefficient are also constructed. The results of endurance tests under the influence of repeated application of load showed that the polymer composite material based on furfural acetone monomer, obtained by carcass technology, has an increased cyclic durability compared to traditional polymer concrete.
ESTIMATION OF DYNAMIC EFFECTS FROM VIBRATION DIPPING OF SHEET PILES ON ENVIRONMENTAL BUILDINGS IN CONDITIONS OF WEAK WATER-SATURATED SOILS
Authors: Mangushev R. A , Gurskiy A. V , Polunin V. M
Published: November 2020

In weak, structurally unstable soils, the use of the technology of high-frequency vibration immersion of sheet piles, in some cases, is obviously dangerous, and the issue of assessing the limits of applicability of this technology in certain conditions is relevant. The assessment of the dynamic impact on the soil foundation can be made by the level of vibrations. Regulatory documents impose requirements on the level of vibrations of the surrounding soil mass and buildings, however, it is not entirely correct to assess the influence of the technology of high-frequency vibration driving of sheet piles only by the values of vibration acceleration and vibration velocity. The object of the study is the values of deformations of foundations reinforced with piles. At the experimental construction site, we were carried out for the level of vibrations of foundations reinforced with piles 18 m length, from high-frequency vibration immersion of a pipe sheet pile with a diameter of 1200 mm and a length of 18 m. In the process of driving the sheet piles, we were making constant geodesic control over the deformations of adjoining buildings was carried out. The main results are: the example given in the article shows that when the foundations are strengthened, the deformations of the foundation (settlement) remain within the permissible values, despite the significant excess of the permissible level of vibrations of the building foundations. The proposed methodology for the numerical prediction of base deformations from vibration immersion of sheet piles gives satisfactory convergence with the results of field observations and makes it possible to assess qualitatively and quantitatively the settlements of buildings in the surrounding development from vibration immersion / extraction of sheet piles at the preliminary stages of construction.
Evolution of temperature stresses in the Gadolin problem of assembling a two-layer elastoplastic pipe
Authors: Burenin A. A , Tkacheva A. V
Published: November 2020

The work aims at solving the problem of the theory of unsteady thermal stresses simulating the assembling of the two-layer elastoplastic pipe using the shrink fit (Gadolin problem). The plastic flow condition is taken in the form of a piecewise linear condition of maximum reduced stresses (the Ishlinsky - Ivlev condition) with a parabolic yield point depending on temperature. It is shown that when solving the mechanical part of a disconnected problem of the theory of temperature stresses, the calculations of reversible and irreversible deformations and stresses can be carried out numerically, i.e. analytically without resorting to approximate calculation procedures and, therefore, without discretizing the computational domains. We present a diagram of the emergence and disappearance of plastic flow regions under the assembly conditions and its subsequent cooling. With a different choice of problem parameters, some plastic regions may not appear. However, it is impossible to obtain other areas of plastic flow by changing the geometry of the problem, properties of assembly materials, and the level of heating. This is the adequacy of the calculations. Only those plastic areas that are shown in the diagram appear and disappear. In contrast to the classical case of uniform heating of the outer pipe, this article deals with a widely used case of an uneven heating of the outer pipe from the inner surface. In this case, irreversible deformations are calculated, and then taken into account, which originated in the pipe material before the moment of landing. A comparison of the distribution of residual stresses obtained during the uniform and non-uniform heating of the outer pipe is given. As a result, the interference with the uniform heating exceeds the interference formed with the non-uniform heating of the pipe.
Structural failure criterion for spatially-reinforced carbon-carbon composite materials
Authors: Magnitsky I. V
Published: November 2020

This paper defines the structural strength criterion for 4DL-reinforced carbon-carbon materials. For this scheme, fiber reinforcement consists of four groups of reinforcing elements, three of them are located in parallel planes with the angles of 120° between them and the fourth one is normal to them. The paper addresses the first failure of the material corresponding to its yield stress, in this point, one of the material components deviates from linear elastic behavior. A composite material is considered to be non-uniform structurally and consists of a matrix and reinforcing elements, rods. Those rods, in their turn, represent a unidirectional composite. To analyze the stress-strain state of individual components of the material, a three-level elastic model is built that uses the analytic approach at the micro level, while at higher levels it uses the finite element method. For numerical calculations, a structural cell of the material is taken. The boundary conditions provide small to negligible influence of the edge effects, thus simulating the behavior of the infinite volume of the material. For the material components, local strength criteria are introduced, where the fields of the criterion quantities are averaged over the volume of the structural cell. The strength surface of the material that corresponds to its first failure is obtained, and the conclusion is made that the suggested criterion provides a reasonable agreement with the available data on the typical carbon-carbon composite characteristics. Based on the calculated dependencies of the material’s yield stress on the load direction, a procedure is suggested to identify the model parameters based on the material failure behavior analysis using standard tensile and compressive tests. Estimated discrepancies between the results calculated using the suggested criterion and those obtained using the limiting stress criterion for biaxial stress states are given. It is shown that the discrepancy may reach tens of percent and in some cases the material strength increases in comparison with that in the uniaxial stress state. The results are subject to verification tests in order to verify the model for advanced spatially reinforced carbon-carbon composite materials.
Numerical algorithm for searching for layouts of electroelastic bodies with external electric circuits for obtaining the best damping properties
Authors: Iurlova N. A , Oshmarin D. A , Sevodina N. V , Iurlov M. A
Published: November 2020

This paper presents an algorithm which allows finding such layouts of electromechanical systems that provide the best vibration damping whether for one mode or a set of vibration modes within some continuous frequency ranges. The basis for the algorithm is the problem solution about natural vibrations. An elastic structure with a piezoelectric element located on its surfaces, which electrodes are connected to a passive external electric circuit, is treated as an electromechanical system. The piezoelectric elements shunted with an electric circuit are the devices where energy dissipation occurs, thus leads to damping of vibrations. A change in damping properties of such systems can be reached by a proper choice of parameters of the electric circuits and corresponding location of the piezoelectric element, which provides the highest energy withdrawal into the electric circuit. The paper presents the mathematical formulation of the natural vibrations problem for piecewise-homogeneous electroelastic bodies shunted with passive external electric circuits. Within the proposed mathematical statement, the problem solution of natural vibrations for such objects is based on values of complex natural vibration frequencies. Real parts of the complex natural vibration frequencies are the circular frequency of vibrations, and the imaginary parts are the damping indices of vibrations. We proposed techniques aimed at determining the location of the piezoelectric element and selecting parameters of shunting the external electric circuit. These approaches are based on values of the complex natural vibration frequencies obtained as results of solving the natural vibrations problem. The proposed approach is demonstrated using a specimen of a thin-walled shell in the semi-cylinder form. The piezoelectric element has a form of a segment of a ring made of PZT-4 piezoceramics. Electrodes of the piezoelectric element are connected to the series resonant RL -circuit. The formulated problem is solved numerically using the finite element method and ANSYS commercial package.
Analiza własności aerodynamicznych profilu NACA 0018 w zakresie małych liczb Reynoldsa
Authors: Kątski Bartosz , Rogowski Krzysztof
Published: November 2020

W pracy przedstawiono rezultaty badań numerycznych profilu aerodynamicznego NACA 0018 w zakresie małych liczb Reynoldsa od 10 000 do 1mln oraz w zakresie kątów natarcia od 0◦ do 20◦. Wyniki zaprezentowano w postaci charakterystyk współczynników siły nośnej i oporu w funkcji kąta natarcia. Badania przeprowadzono, wykorzystując model turbulencji k-! SST oraz hybrydową siatkę obliczeniową złożoną z siatki strukturalnej w pobliżu krawędzi profilu oraz siatkę niestrukturalną w pozostałym obszarze domeny obliczeniowej. Intencją autorów pracy było pokazanie możliwości zastosowania podejścia numerycznego w badaniach profili w zakresie małych liczb Reynoldsa. Przeprowadzone badania pokazały, że minimalna liczba Reynoldsa, przy której wartość błędu jest akceptowalna, wynosi 40 000. Rezultaty badań symulacyjnych sił aerodynamicznych przedstawiono również tabelarycznie do wykorzystania w innych analizach.
PERHITUNGAN BURN UP PEB U3Si2/Al DENSITAS 4,8 gU/cm3 PASCA IRADIASI POTONGAN BAGIAN MIDDLE
Authors: Ginting Aslina Br. , Supardjo Supardjo , Yanlinastuti Yanlinastuti , Indaryati Sutri , Boybul Boybul
Published: November 2020

PERHITUNGAN BURN UP PEB U3Si2/Al DENSITAS 4,8 gU/cm3 PASCA IRADIASI POTONGAN BAGIAN MIDDLE. Upaya untuk mengetahui unjuk kerja bahan bakar selama dirradiasi di Reaktor Serba Guna G.A.Siwabessy (RSG-GAS) adalah melakukan uji pasca iradiasi baik secara tak merusak maupun merusak. Salah satu parameter uji pasca iradiasi secara merusak adalah penentuan burn up. Penentuan burn up bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan 235U yang terbakar selama digunakan di dalam pengoperasian RSG-GAS, sekaligus untuk membuktikan kesesuaian besar burn up yang diperoleh secara merusak dengan burn up yang dihitung menggunakan Origen Code oleh RSG-GAS. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dilakukan perhitungan burn up PEB U3Si2/Al densitas 4,8 gU/cm3 secara merusak melalui analisis fisikokimia. Analisis fisikokimia bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan isotop 235U sisa dalam PEB U3Si2/Al serta 134Cs dan 137Cs yang terbentuk akibat reaksi fisi selama digunakan dalam reaktor. PEB U3Si2/Al dipotong pada bagian tengah (middle) secara duplo dengan berat masing-masing M-1=0,056 gPEB dan M-2= 0,075 gPEB. PEB U3Si2/Al dengan berat tersebut kemudian dilarutkan menggunakan HCl 6 N dan HNO3 6N. Hasil pelarutan diperoleh uranil nitrat UO2(NO3)2 yang mengandung uranium dan isotop hasil fisi seperti cesium, dan plutonium. Larutan UO2(NO3)2  dipipet 1mL kemudian ditransfer dari hotcell ke R.135 (diluar hot cell) untuk dilakukan pemisahan 134Csdan137Cs dari 235U dengan metode penukar kation menggunakan zeolit Lampung. Larutan UO2(NO3)2dipipet 100 µL ke dalam vial secara duplo kemudian ditambahkan zeolit Lampung 1000 mg dan dilakukan proses penukar kation dengan pengadukan selama 1 jam.Hasil pemisahan diperoleh isotope 134Cs dan 137Cs dalam fasa padat, sedangkan isotop uranium (238U, 235U, 234U) dan plutonium (239Pu, 238Pu) serta isotope lainnya dalam fasa cair. Pemisahan uranium, plutonium dari isotope lainnya dilakukan dengan metode kolom penukar anion menggunakan resin Dowex 1200 mg. Besarnya kandungan isotop 235U,134Cs,137Cs, 239Pu dan 238Pu selanjutnya diukur menggunakan spektrometer-α/g dan digunakan untuk perhitungan burn up. Hasil perhitungan burn up PEB U3Si2/Al densitas 4,8 gU/cm3 pasca iradiasi potongan bagian middle diperoleh sebesar 41,6560 ± 1,6870%. Besar burn up ini tidak jauh berbeda dengan burn up yang diperoleh dari perhitungan menggunakan Origen Code sebesar 40%.Kata kunci:  U3Si2/Al densitas 4,8 gU/cm3, cesium, uranium, pemisahan, burn up.
PENENTUAN BERAT ISOTOP CESIUM DAN URANIUM DALAM PELAT ELEMEN BAKAR U3Si2/Al DENSITAS 4,8 gU/cm3
Authors: Yanlinastuti Yanlinastuti , Indaryati Sutri , Boybul Boybul , Supardjo Supardjo , Ginting Aslina Br.
Published: November 2020

PENENTUAN BERAT ISOTOP CESIUM DAN URANIUM DALAM PELAT ELEMEN BAKAR U3Si2/Al DENSITAS 4,8 gU/cm3 BURN UP 40%. Pelat elemen bakar (PEB) U3Si2/Al densitas 4,8 gU/cm3 telah diiradisi di Reaktor Serba Guna (RSG-GAS) dengan burn up 40%. Selama bahan bakar tersebut diradiasi di reaktor menghasilkan beberapa isotop hasil fisi seperti cesium, uranium dan isotop lainnya. Besarya isotop hasil fisi tersebut digunakan dalam perhitungan burn up untuk mengetahui unjuk kerja bahan bakar selama diradiasi di reaktor. Oleh karena itu, berat cesium dan uranium harus diketahui secara kuantitatif melalui proses pemisahan analisis fisikokimia. Pelat elemen bakar U3Si2/Al densitas 4,8 gU/cm3 bagian Middle dipotong secara duplo dengan berat M-1=0,056 g dan M-2=0,075 g, kemudian dilarutkan menggunakan HCl 6N dan HNO3 6N. Larutan PEB pasca iradiasi dipipet sebanyak 100 µL dimasukkan masing-masing kedalam 2 mL larutan HNO3, H2SO4 dan HCl 0,1N, selanjutnya dilakukan pemisahan cesium menggunakan metode penukar kation dengan penambahan 1000 mg zeolit Lampung. Hasil pemisahan diperoleh isotop cesium terikat dengan zeolit dalam fasa padat sedangkan uranium berada dalam fasa cair. Isotop cesium dalam fasa padat maupun dalam fasa cair diukur dengan spektrometer-g selama 10000 detik. Hasil pengukuran diperoleh spektrum 134Cs pada energi 604,7 dan 795,8 keV serta isotop 137Cs pada 661,7 keV. Sementara itu, pemisahan uranium dalam fasa cair dilakukan menggunakan metode kolom penukar anion dengan penambahan 1200 mg resin Dowex. Hasil pemisahan diperoleh spektrum isotop 238U pada energi 4,1943 MeV, 235U pada 4,397 MeV,  236U pada energi 4,494 MeV dan isotop 234U pada  4,777 MeV. Hasil evaluasi dari luas spektrum tersebut diperoleh berat isotop 137Cs dalam 0,056 g potongan PEB U3Si2/Al sebesar 4,08E-05 g; 4,53E-05 g dan 4,53E-05 g, sedangkan isotop 134Cs sebesar 4,84E-08 g; 5,30E-08 g dan 5,20E-08 masing-masing dalam pelarut HNO3; H2SO4dan HCl. Sementara itu, berat isotop 137Cs dalam 0,075 g potongan PEB U3Si2/Al diperoleh sebesar 5,93E-05 g; 5,90E-05 g dan 5,88E-05 g, sedangkan berat isotop 134Cs sebesar 5,23E-07 g; 5,29E-07g dan 5,08E-07g untuk masing-masing pelarut HNO3; H2SO4dan HCl. Berat isotop 238U,235U, 236U dan 234U dalam 0,056 g potongan PEB U3Si2/Al diperoleh sebesar 6,45E-03 g; 2,57E-03 g; 2,42E-06 g; dan 1,90E-05 g, sedangkan dalam 0,075 g PEB diperoleh sebesar 7,41E-03 g; 2,40E-03 g; 2,91E-06  g; dan 2,17E-05 g. Berat isotop 134Cs, 137Cs, 238U,235U, 236U dan 234U dalam 0,056 g PEB  dan 0,075 g potongan PEB U3Si2/Al relatif sama dan selanjutnya digunakan sebagai data masukan untuk perhitungan burn up.Kata kunci: PEB U3Si2/Al pasca iradiasi, pemisahan, kation-anion, cesium, uranium.
PENENTUAN UMUR YELLOW CAKE SECARA RADIOKRONOMETRI
Authors: Noerpitasari Erlina , Fatimah Syamsul , Haryati Iis , Yanlinastuti Yanlinastuti , Setiawan Jan , Boybul Boybul , Nugroho Arif
Published: November 2020

PENENTUAN UMUR YELLOW CAKE SECARA RADIOKRONOMETRI. Penentuan umur yellow cake secara radiokronometri telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan data umur yellow cake pada penyusunan basis data perpustakaan forensik nuklir. Radiokronometer yang digunakan yaitu 228Th/232Th. 232Th merupakan thorium yang secara alami terdapat dalam yellow cake dan telah mencapai kesetimbangan peluruhan menjadi 228Th, namun pada proses produksi yellow cake kesetimbangannya terganggu sehingga waktu dinolkan kembali. Sampel uji yaitu yellow cake Cogema, hasil tambang PTBGN di Kalan dan hasil samping produk pabrik Petrokimia Gresik. Tahapan yang dilakukan yaitu pelarutan sampel, pemisahan thorium dari uranium dengan metode kromatografi pertukaran kation menggunakan resin dowex 50W-X8, elektrodeposisi thorium dan analisis isotop menggunakan spektrometer alfa. Penentuan umur dilakukan dengan perhitungan rasio aktivitas 228Th/232Th dan iterasi rumus peluruhan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis isotop 228Th dan 232Th menggunakan spektrometer alfa dan hasil perhitungan umur, yellow cake Cogema tidak dapat ditentukan umurnya karena tidak mengandung 232Th. Diperoleh nilai umur yellow cake Petrokimia Gresik yaitu 9,90 tahun dengan bias 20,35 tahun dan nilai umur yellow cake PTBGN yaitu 12,85 tahun dengan bias >20,15 tahun dibandingkan dengan perkiraan waktu produksi yang diketahui. Bias yang diperoleh lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan hasil penentuan umur yellow cake menggunakan radiokronometer 228Th/232Th oleh peneliti sebelumnya yaitu dengan bias kurang dari 10 tahun.Kata kunci: Yellow Cake, Thorium, Radiokronometri.
The sins of the fathers: The missionary in some modern English novels about the Congo
Authors: Roos Henriette
Published: November 2020

This essay offers a discussion of some novels written in English in which the (Belgian) Congo forms the historical background to the fictional world, and that were published after that country became independent. Works by internationally well-known authors like Graham Greene (A Burnt-out Case, 1961) Barbara Kingsolver (The Poisonwood Bible, 1998), Robert Edric (The Book of the Heathen, 2000) and John le Carré (The Mission Song, 2006), fall under the spotlight, though references are also made to other and earlier relevant works. The texts represent different eras in a history of just more than a hundred years and all of these narratives relate, in a direct or implied manner, the nature and impact of a Christian missionary presence. Whilst genre, story line and narrative tone differ considerably in the individual books, the reader is exposed to a remarkable analogous range of subject matter and theme: amongst others the disappointments of the missionary ideal, the corruptive power of authority and the subservient part played by the female devotees. The plight of the Congo is narrated from a postcolonial point of view, though the story lines indicate that this vast country has always been, and still is, at the mercy of colonial exploitation, in which the missionary set-up played a crucial part. The novels also display a remarkable intertextual relationship through recurring motifs, titles, images and names and thus contribute to that body of work forming a tradition of (English language) Congo literature.
Die vlugtige taal van vergeet: Die metafoor by Breyten Breytenbach
Authors: Coetzee Ampie
Published: November 2020

From his first book of poetry, Die ysterkoei moet sweet (“the iron cow must sweat”, 1964), till his most recent one, Die windvanger (“the windcatcher”, 2007), metaphor has been a central means towards the creation of meaning for Breytenbach. This article will investigate the use of metaphor particularly in this recent book. Theorising will begin at the beginning, at Aristotle’s De Poetica and Rhetorica, where “simile” and “metaphor” are seen as the means toward seeking the relationship between signifier and signified. The poem “New York, 12 September 2001” is the focus of this relationship. Here the fallibility of the word in attempting to represent that tragedy (of the 11th) is illustrated. The theme of the poem is stated in its first lines: “will the hand continue to move on paper/ will any poem ever have enough power …” This article eventually comes to the conclusion that Breytenbach’s use of the metaphor can be summarised in the words of Aristotle: “It is a great thing indeed, to make proper use of the poetical form […] But the greatest thing by far is to be a master of metaphor”.
F0 knockout—single gene v1
Authors: Kroll Francois
Published: November 2020

Remember to cite the publication if you use this protocol! Get in touch for questions twitter –@francois_kroll email –francois@kroll.be