bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design and numerical study of a pump-turbine for retrofitting of an existing francis turbine
Authors: Pokharel Nischal , Thapa Biraj Singh , Solemslie Bjørn Winther , Thapa Bhola
Published: December 2023

Energy is the vital requirements of daily life. It is mainly concerned with production, storage, balance and distribution. Hydropower is a key sources of renewable energy. Regarding the storage of hydropower energy, pumped storage comes in the foremost choice. The runner is the main component of pump storage hydropower project. As the energy storage trend is shifting for pump storage hydropower project, the design methodology and operating range of reversible pump turbine play major role. The pump turbine has always compromise in efficiency due to the same machine operating in both turbine and pump mode. Similarly flow instability in the major hurdles in pump turbine. The initial cost for the pumped storage hydropower will certainly be high. Due to this, research trend has been now shifted in possibility of retrofitting of existing hydropower with pumped storage. This is also the true for the study presented here, where the retrofitting of reversible pump turbine in existing hydropower project. The basic dimension for the reversible pump turbine is taken from the existing model Francis Turbine. The blade profile has been changed by increasing blade passage area. Numerical analysis has been performed in both pump mode and turbine mode by at different guide vane angles. Finally the results are discussed with future recommendations.
Seismic Assessment of Underground Structures in the Weak Himalayan Rock Mass for Hydropower Development
Authors: Thapa Umesh Jung , Karki Sujan , Khadka Shyam Sundar
Published: December 2023

This study focuses on the seismic assessment of underground structures in the transition of Higher Himalayan and Lesser Himalayan region of Nepal. Due to fragile geology of the Himalaya, most of the underground structures are constructed in the highly jointed rock mass. Rock mass classification approaches are extensively used for the estimation of supports without seismic consideration. Design of the underground structures like tunnels and cavern seismic effect is rarely considered in the Nepal Himalaya. For the sustainable development of hydropower project tunnel and caverns plays vital role in terms of its stability. Presence of faults, and crushed zone, along the alignment of tunnel, the existing in-situ stress increases beyond its critical level and strength. The long-term seismic behaviour of an underground structure is very essential in weak rock mass. A detailed dynamic analysis of underground response is evaluated using 2D numerical analysis with the geological data, rock mass and fault encountered in hydropower tunnel, through case study. A comparison is then made between the analysis result of the tunnel response with and without seismic consideration.
Influence of Tunnel Shape on the Shotcrete Lining Stress
Authors: Bajgain Sudip , Khadka Shyam Sundar , Khatri Prawal Keshar , Thapa Umesh Jung
Published: December 2023

Tunnel excavation is generally done using drill and blast method and the weak geology causes the over breaks of tunnel. The over breaks not only increases the cost and construction time but also it has influence on the stress on shotcrete lining. This paper presents the influence of shape of the tunnel on the shotcrete lining stress is studied using a numerical modelling with the case study of Kathmandu University Research Tunnel. The region of over breaks is taken as 0.15-0.30 m for weak rock mass [1].Two numerical models have been prepared and the obtain result shows that the stress on the shotcrete lining increases with increase in the over breaks and should be consider in the design of shotcrete lining if the shotcrete lining is to be used as final lining.
Analysis of the Correlation between Genetic Traits and Pathogenic Sites Based on Multiple Linear Regression Model
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Yu Haiping , Yang Liu
Published: December 2023

Current research shows that many phenotypic traits, susceptibility to diseases, and drugs of the human body are related to some pathogenic sites. Locating the position of loci associated with traits or diseases in chromosomes or genes helps researchers understand disease traits and genetic mechanisms and prevent the occurrence of certain genetic diseases. Select 1000 data sets of two types of sample (disease and health) information, including disease information of the sample, 9445 site coding information and gene information of these sites. Two types of methods are used to analyze the correlation between the pathogenic sites and related traits, the chi-square test method is used to find the sites with the highest probability of pathogenicity between single disease and pathogenic sites, and the multiple regression analysis model is used to determine the most likely pathogenic sites between multiple phenotypic traits and sites. Use statistical tools and software to solve the model, and use the error detection rate (FDR) method to conduct multiple comparisons and corrections for each regression parameter. The conclusion of the modeling analysis is consistent with the standard conclusion provided by the 17th Organizing Committee for Mathematical Modeling of Postgraduates. This shows that the comprehensive method of chi-square test and multiple linear regression modeling is reliable, and has universal and reference significance for finding the pathogenic sites of a certain genetic disease and locating the pathogenic genes.
A Method for Calculating the Success Probability of Spare Parts Support Tasks for Series Mechanical Components
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wang Xiao-er , Li Dong
Published: December 2023

In response to the potential computational errors caused by neglecting the number of spare parts and the maintenance time for calculating the success probability of repairable products, a calculation method for mechanical series components is proposed in this paper, which is considered the factors such as the quantity of spare parts and the maintenance time required for using spare parts, and the calculation model and steps for the mission success probability of repairable products are provided. Due to the comprehensive impact of maintenance time and the quantity of spare parts, the accuracy of the calculation is improved. The effectiveness of this method has been verified through example simulation calculations, and it is expected to have certain application value for product reliability and supportability evaluation.
Modeling of Soil Moisture Data by ARMA Time Series
Authors: Yang Miao , Qiu Yuquan , Dong Jinnai , Wu Lingxiao , Shen Mengjiao
Published: December 2023

The use of known data to predict future environmental parameters plays a crucial role in agriculture. In this paper, we propose a novel time series prediction method that combines the Auto-Regressive Moving Average Model (ARMA) and Gradient Boost Regression Tree(GBR) to forecast future soil moisture values. Firstly, the optimal number of decomposition modes for AMRA is determined by using Auto-correlation Function (ACF) and Partial Auto-correlation Function (PACF) plots. Secondly, according to statistics of XIlin Gol grassland offered by the Huawei Cup Mathematical Modeling Contest in 2022, the data including soil evaporation, precipitation, and soil moisture in the past ten years, are used as input parameters of ARMA to predict the precipitation and soil evaporation from 2022 to 2023. Then, the superiority of GBR was verified by comparing algorithms such as Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Random Forest(RF). Finally, GBR was used to realize the prediction for different soil moisture values from 2022 to 2023.
Research on Logistic Population Prediction Model Based on Differential Equation
Authors: Gao Jing , Liu Zhiwen , He Tianyang , Yan Yifan , Chen Huaiguang
Published: December 2023

By improving the logistic model, combined with the competition, symbiosis, and climatic factors of the population, a differential equation model is established to predict the future population change trend, and then the changing trend of each population under different precipitation climates is simulated, taking four plants as an example, the coefficients of the given differential equation model are solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, and the numerical change trend of the four populations is obtained, and the rationality of the results is analyzed. At the end of this paper, a sensitivity analysis is given, and the effects of natural growth rate, environmental capacity, and initial value on each plant are tested, and finally it is concluded that environmental capacity has the greatest effect on population size, and the influence of natural growth rate and initial value is small.
Disassembly Sequence Optimization of Lithium Battery Pack Based on Priority Constraint Graph
Authors: Meng Ronghua , Tian Yuxiang , Shu Ningjing , Cai Liuyang , Song Huawei , Zhang Yuping
Published: December 2023

With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle power industry, the power system of automobiles is about to usher in a wave of retirement. At present, most of power lithium battery packs are disassembled violently, which lack a reasonable disassembly order. This causes a waste of time and cost during the disassembly process. Some harmful parts will also pollute the environment. In order to improve the disassembly efficiency of retired lithium-ion battery packs, the disassembly sequence planning problem (DSP) based on priority constraint graph is studied in this paper. After analyzing disassembly characteristics, the priority constraint graph is constructed as the constraint matrix. Considering the disassembly efficiency, a mathematical model is established to optimize the direction and the number of tool changes. An improved Simulated Annealing Particle Swarm Optimization (SA-PSO) algorithm is designed, which is to update the disassembly sequence by the population update method. The particles are assisted to jump out of the local optimum by the Metropolis criterion of SA algorithm. An adaptive method is proposed for the PSO inertia weight ω. In order to verify the validity of the model and algorithm, an example is introduced to compare SA-PSO with PSO and SA algorithm. The results show that the improved algorithm performs well in the evaluation index of fitness. The convergence rate is fast and more stable.
Research on Simulation Model of Unexploded Ordnance Destruction Based on Sniping Method
Authors: Wang Jiaying , Liu Xingyu , Qi Xinshe
Published: December 2023

To evaluate the ability of the sniping method to destroy unexploded ordnance, a simulation model of bullet impact on 38mm stun grenades was established with the SPH-FEM coupling method. The destruction process of unexploded ordnance and residual velocity and direction of the bullet were analyzed at different conditions of impact positions and velocities. The results show that axial or radial top position impact of unexploded ordnance can completely separate primary explosive and main charge, which is more thorough than radial middle and bottom position impact; When shooting at a distance of 50m-250m, unexploded ordnance can be effectively destroyed, with little difference in velocity attenuation. However, after penetrating unexploded ordnance, the flight direction of the bullet will change by 1 ° to 7 °. In conclusion, the simulation model can effectively calculate the process of ordnance destruction and the flight of the bullet; the sniping method prioritizes the use of axial or radial top propellant position impact; The impact bullet has a deviation in flight direction, and it is necessary to take good safety measures in the shooting range to avoid ricocheting out of the field.
Design of Double Tank Liquid Level Control System Based on Fuzzy PID
Authors: Zhao Yang , Zhang Yi , Gong Yu , Zou Xiaomao
Published: December 2023

Liquid level is one of the main parameters in industrial production process control. There are many problems such as interference and delay in the dual capacity water tank. It is usually difficult to meet the strict production requirements with the conventional PID control scheme. The corresponding transfer function is firstly deduced through the material balance equation in this article. By testing, the performance of conventional PID needs to be further improved. Then build the fuzzy PID model in Matlab/simulink and carry out simulation verification. By comparing with the PID simulation effect, the results show that under fuzzy PID control, the overshoot of the system is effectively reduced and the adaptability is strong. It reflects that the control strategy has a good reference value.
Research on Single-phase Grounding Fault Line Selection Based on VMD Method
Authors: Chen Yong , Liu Feng , Zhou Tingdong , Li Panpan , Gan Ping , Hou Mou
Published: December 2023

Single-phase ground faults occur most frequently in low-current grounding systems due to the complexity of the power grid. For the stable. Analyzing the fault transient signal is necessary for detecting single-phase grounding faults, accurately extracting the characteristic frequency that reflects the fault information, and using the VMD method to model and simulate the fault information. The experiment involved studying simulation data of single-phase grounding short circuits in two types of grounding distribution network models, namely overhead line and cable hybrid line, under different fault conditions. By utilizing the intrinsic modal energy, the fault line was determined, which enabled quick selection of the fault line. The effectiveness of this approach was confirmed through verification.
Numerical Analysis of the Transient Capture Dynamics of Ions by Radio Frequency
Authors: Huang S Y , Du L J , Liu Y H
Published: December 2023

The radiofrequency imprisoned ion system can isolate the coupling effect between ion and environment, and is helpful to the precise control of ion quantum state, which is an ideal candidate system for new atomic clocks. In this paper, the coupling effect between imprisoned ion and RF potential field is quantitatively studied by using finite element numerical analysis method. The coupling process of ion and RF phase is established, and the unsteady dynamic process of ion capture is analyzed. The influence of radio frequency amplitude on ion trapping ability and the reasonable range of radio frequency parameters conducive to ion stable confinement are studied. This method can be widely used in the study of ion trap structure and electromagnetic field parameter optimization in the fields of imprisoned ion frequency scale and quantum computing, and is helpful to the development of highly coherent quantum systems.
Autonomous Modeling and Design of Microstrip Unit with Accurate Steady-state Reflection Phase Suitable for Any Frequency Band
Authors: Tu Jianjun , Zhang Yong , Cheng Weilan , Ma Ding
Published: December 2023

An autonomous modeling design method for microstrip units is proposed, which can obtain a high precision reflection phase in the center of any frequency band. Specifically, the metal layer pattern area of the microstrip unit is split up into microgrids. Then, whether these grids are affixed to the metal sheet is taken as the optimization object, and the unit reflection phase is taken as the optimization target, and a machine learning algorithm is given for optimization. The modeling and simulation results show that the microstrip unit can obtain a high-precision reflection phase at the target frequency and have flat phase-frequency characteristics in a wide neighbor band, which lays a good foundation for the precise design and application of a variety of wideband metasurfaces.
Structural Optimization of Diaphragm Spring Clutch Based on ANSYS
Authors: Zhang Miao , Chun Liu Jian , Qiu Kai Wang , Wang Hang Yan
Published: December 2023

Taking diaphragm spring clutch as the research object, a mathematical model was established in MATLAB to calculate and select its parameters. The multi-objective optimization method was used to obtain the optimized parameters. Using UG to create a three-dimensional model of the diaphragm spring, and ANSYS Workbench to conduct finite element analysis. By using the static analysis method, the root of the separation finger was found to be the part that can withstand the maximum stress, and its value met the material’s performance requirements, verifying the feasibility of the method. Modal analysis of the diaphragm spring was carried out, and it was verified that there would be no resonance with the engine, verifying its matching with the engine, at the same time, the effectiveness of the optimization is verified.
Characterization of the ambient background in the RED-100 experiment location at Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Akimov D.Y. , Alexandrov I.S. , Belov V.A. , Bolozdynya A.I. , Etenko A.V. , Galavanov A.V. , Gusakov Yu.V. , Khromov A.V. , Konovalov A.M. , Kornoukhov V.N. , Kovalenko A.G. , Kozlova E.S. , Kumpan A.V. , Lavrov B.O. , Lukyashin A.V. , Pinchuk A.V. , Razuvaeva O.E. , Rudik D.G. , Shakirov A.V. , Simakov G.E. , Sosnovtsev V.V. , Vasin A.A.
Published: December 2023

The RED-100 experiment with a liquid xenon target was
carried out at Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant. The goal of the
experiment is the detection and study of the coherent elastic
neutrino nucleus scattering process (CEνNS) for the low-energy
antineutrinos in close vicinity to a reactor core. A good
understanding of the external radioactive background is needed to
achieve this goal. This paper describes the external background
conditions for the RED-100 experiment at Kalinin Nuclear Power
Plant.
Spatial Evaluation of New Museology Concept in Sepuluh November Museum Surabaya using Space Syntax
Authors: Sari H R , Yusran Y A , Wulandari L D , Titisari E Y
Published: December 2023

Museums have expanded their traditional roles (for conservation and exhibition of cultural heritage) to a more active social role in cities and communities. The social role of museum is related to the new concept of museology. In this regard, how can architecture support museums so that they can apply the new museological concept? Taking a case study at the Sepuluh November Museum Surabaya, this study evaluates the spatial design according to the new museological parameters. The space syntax method determines the relationship between spatial and object collection arrangement as a parameter for the museum’s success toward a new museology concept. From the analysis, the spatial elements of the Sepuluh November Museum have not yet applied the new museological concept. The spatial arrangement is still linear and modest, does not optimize the function of space, limited circulation, and does not provide the contemplation space.
Territorial Invasion: A Behaviour in Sustaining Social Space in a Kampung. A case study: Prawirotaman, Indonesia
Authors: Fitria T A , Rasidi M H , Said I
Published: December 2023

Tourism impacts spatial changes in the urban neighbourhood, including Prawirotaman, which is experiencing a loss of social space. The community continues to strive for its social spaces in its private transitional space, namely the house yard and terrace. Hence, this study aims to explore the territorial behaviour of kampung residents amid the neighbourhood transformation. The study focuses on the formation and distribution of interaction spaces within kampung and the residents’ perception of the transitional space territoriality. This study was conducted qualitatively. The observations were conducted after afternoon prayer (Asr) and evening prayer (Maghrib). The data was collected from snapshots and using Global Positioning Systems (GPS), then imported into ArcGIS, and interviews were presented on emotion maps and narratives. The data were analysed with content and behaviour mapping approaches. This research found that territorial invasion can be defined as a local’s territorial behaviour for sustaining social space amid the kampung’s spatial transformation due to tourism. Hence, territoriality is not only related to the spatial modification to control a space. This research contributes to understanding architecture behaviour and policy making, especially in an urban village with tourism activities.
Biophilic architecture and designs for mental well-being
Authors: Alam Meredian
Published: December 2023

There is a growing recognition that people who stay in contact with nature are more likely to enjoy fulfilling, fruitful lives. More recently, architects and designers have begun to recognize the importance of biophilic design, which incorporates natural elements into built environments. However, as urbanization spreads around the globe, attention must be redirected to city size, with an emphasis on planning for and making progress toward “biophilic cities.” Biophilic communities are ones that aim to foster a sense of appreciation and stewardship for the natural world among their citizens by providing them with enough opportunities to experience nature both inside and beyond the city limits. Employing deconstructive discourse analysis on different uses of biophilic concepts, the present paper aims to review the contribution of biophilic architecture and designs to the improved physical space for mental well-being.
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL IN FARMERS’ ORGANIZATIONS IN IRRIGATION FIXED-WEIR SYSTEM OPERATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT: A Case Study of the Colo Fixed-Weir Irrigation Area, Bengawan Solo Watershed
Authors: Kusumastuti  , Werdiningtyas R , Suminar L , Rahayu P
Published: December 2023

The world’s climate change has an impact on the hydrological cycle which disrupts the water supply of irrigation systems. Water resource management is the key to solutions, especially in the agricultural sector. Therefore, efficient management of water resources in all irrigation areas (DI) must be carried out. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is a participatory watershed management concept that is expected to increase the carrying capacity of the watershed so that it continues to be sustainable [1]. The irrigation network is one of the management components in IWRM that involves the role of farmer organizations including Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air (P3A), Gabungan Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air (GP3A) dan Induk Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air (IP3A) [2]. The management of water resources involves many stakeholders with a large area having main problems with water distribution in the dry season due to distribution problems that lead to conflicts. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of farmer organizations in irrigation network operational activities for the sustainability of IWRM management in the Colo Fixed-Weir which consists of 12 DI and is divided into West Colo consists of Klaten, Wonogiri, and Sukoharjo areas, and East Colo consists of Sukoharjo, Karangnyar, Sragen, and Ngawi. The focus of this research is on irrigation management under GP3A Karanganyar with an area of 119 Ha, consisting of 16 villages that received awards. Data were collected in the form of legal documents that regulate institutional and organizational performance in Colo Fixed-Weir. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted on GP3A and management apparatus in Karanganyar. Deep-interview with the head of GP3A was conducted also. Data were analyzed to find the performance of GP3A and P3A who can manage water resources in DI according to their needs while carrying out their functions and roles under policy regulations. The conclusion is that the key success factors are trusted leadership and the presence of local wisdom in the farming community. And the operational rules are technical, measurable, and scheduled in the agreement, which can be managed flexibly according to the situation of the farmers’ needs. This can be done because between them there is mutual trust and a sense of responsibility for the common interest.
Pilot Study on Underground Air Temperature for Interior Thermal Comfort of Building in Malaysia
Authors: Sulong A H A , Baharun A , Yazit R N S R M , Bakar R A , Muyandy T
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to assess the methods for achieving thermal comfort by utilising underground or subsurface air temperature. The goal of the research is to identify the efficiency of basement design as interior thermal comfort strategy in Malaysia. Two methodologies were employed, including computer modelling simulation and field data collection. The modelling simulation uses Energy Plus software to mimic and test the building’ thermal comfort, while the field data collection method employs a 1m × 1m × 1m physical model in an open space and the temperature was recorded using a globe thermometer. The temperature of underground at various depths was measured to establish the optimal temperature at which the earth may be used as a heat sink. The results from the physical model were then analysed to validate the results of the computer simulation. The result from the physical model and computer simulation shows that the underground temperature manages to decrease the indoor temperature. As a result, the presence of a basement that utilizes the temperature of the earth has significantly reduced the temperature of a specific room.
The planning of the Bengkayang Regional General Hospital masterplan
Authors: Alhamdani MR , Nurhamsyah M , Sari DP
Published: December 2023

Masterplanplanningis needed for planning and improving a hospital’s performance. The Bengkayang Regency Government plans to upgrade the existing Bengkayang Hospital to Type-B. To realize this requires astudy of a master development plan. This study aims to make a comprehensive hospital construction master plan review to support the development of the Bengkayang general hospital in an integrated manner and accommodate all areas. The descriptive qualitative method is used, whichcollects primary data through field observations. All information and data can be obtained visually and then analyzed to get an idea of the factors that will affect the development of the BengkayangGeneral Hospital. The results of this study are the Master Plan program and design review, as well as the stages of development of the Bengkayang Regional General Hospital with appropriate and integrated service functions according to the needs of health services, local culture, natural conditions, available land, and financial conditions. This study will reference local governments for plans to develop advanced and integrated hospitals to continue improving their services.
Identification of design parameters having implications on resource efficiency of buildings: evaluation of predesign options.
Authors: Debnath Arabinda , Bardhan Suchandra , Roy Souvanic
Published: December 2023

Responsible consumption and production is the 12th Goal of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) United Nations has adopted in 2015 as a target for 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The goal is targeted to be achieved through implementation of programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP). SCP is about doing more and better with less. It is also about decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation and increasing resource efficiency. Resource efficiency of predesign options of a new building can be evaluated through parametric study of the design. Researchers around the world have used different parameters in different studies. It is, therefore, of utmost importance to bring uniformity in studies. The present paper lists various parameters used so far and find correlation among them in order to reduce the number of parameters while applying data of five predesign options of a multi storied residential building in India. It found two distinct groups of 12 and 5 parameters that are highly correlated. Some of them can be discarded in future studies. It also finds the lower and upper boundary values of parameters of a building situated in warm and humid climatic zone which can be used while doing evaluation.
Performance and Character of Daylighting in Variation of Used Bottle Configurations and Colour on Interlockcobrick Walls
Authors: Sugini  , Almira Nisrina Salsabila , Prasetyo  , Nasiti Aulia Rahma
Published: December 2023

The research aims to find the effect of configuration and colour of used bottles (UB) on interlock-concrete-brick walls (lockcobrick LW) on performance and daylighting character. This study is intended to answer questions: (1) the effect of the configuration of the distribution of UB on LW on Daylight Factor (DF); (2) daylighting character on UB colour on LW. The method was carried out by measuring DF on a variety of models with a spread distribution of UB, vertically, and horizontally centered with the percentage of WB to LB was 50%. While the quality of daylighting is done by collecting data on perceptions of 109 respondents to the UB model photo object by applying different colours to the walls of the bottle. The conclusions are (1) There was a significant difference in DF between the spread and centered configurations; (2) There is no significant difference in DF between vertical and horizontal centered; (3) Changes in colour on the walls of UB have a difference and influence on the perception of the temperature impression; (4) Each colour category based on the impression of temperature has a tendency to form emotions. Warm colours tend to trigger active emotions, while cool colours tend to trigger passive emotions.
Clayshale Stabilization using Portland Pozzolan Cement Type II to Increase the Shear Strength of Soil
Authors: Salimah A’isyah , Simatupang S , Christian R , Hasan M F R , Agung P A M
Published: December 2023

Clayshale soil was found 5 meters below ground level in the Hambalang area. The fragility of clay shale soil results in clay shale soil being rarely used in construction needs. The physical condition of clayshale is not optimal when it is dry and also when it is mixed with water. This research is carried out so that the cohesion value and shear strength in the clayshale is close to perfection with the stabilization process. Disturbed sampling was carried out in the Hambalang area, providing that the granules passed the 4mm filter. Tests carried out to obtain soil parameters include physical properties testing and mechanical properties testing. Based on the results of laboratory tests, the original clayshale soil has a plasticity index (IP) value of 27.07%, so clayshale soil included CL (Clay-Low plasticity) according to the USCS category. The use of Portland pozzolan cement in this study is because it has high resistance to salts and sulfuric acid. Mixing of PPC cement test materials was carried out to determine the optimal cohesion value and shear strength by mixing 5%,8%, and 11% of clayshale weight per sample. The addition of cement variations can increase the specific gravity value of the soil and the optimum moisture content, but it can reduce the dry weight value of the soil and the value of the plasticity index on clayshale soils. The cohesion values and soil shear strength obtained after Triaxial UU testing on samples with the addition of Portland pozzolan cement (PPC) increased; however, the increase that occurred was varied and significant at the time of the PPC cement mixture.
Building Envelope Performance to Achievement of Energy-Efficient Buildings : a case study analysis in Ulil Albab Mosque Yogyakarta
Authors: Hendrawati D , Arientaka M Z
Published: December 2023

The performance of the building envelope is one of the most important in energy-efficient buildings. As the outermost layer, the building envelope will be very decisive for heat transfer from outside to inside the building. The performance of the building envelope in heat transfer refers to as the Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV). OTTV measures the average heat gain into the building through the building envelope. It is a measure widely adopted in many countries to improve the design of energy-efficient buildings. The OTTV value strongly influences the ratio of transparent openings on the building facade. The size of the transparent opening will affect the inclusion of natural lighting in the building. This study aims to see how closely the relationship between the OTTV value and the achievement of natural lighting in buildings according to standards. The values used as success standards are the GBCI and SNI parameters. This research expects to provide a reference for existing buildings to improve building performance, especially for energy efficiency. This study uses a simulation method with OTTV worksheets and DIAlux Evo calculations. The mosque chooses to be a case study because the mosque is a building that has a distinctive orientation. In this research, Ulil Albab mosque, Yogyakarta, for the case study. For the location of Yogyakarta, the Qibla direction is azimuth direction 294° 42′ 39.894″ (Northwest) from Yogyakarta, where the radiation factor value is the largest. The results of this study indicate that the OTTV value can follow the standard by lowering the percentage of WWR in a facade with a high radiation factor value. Still, a WWR that is too small can result in natural lighting being unable to enter the room. In this building, the most efficient thing to do is replace the transparent material with one with better thermal properties.
Proanthocyanidins-Rich Fraction of Tamarindus Indica Maintained Redox Status of Environmental Toxicant-Induced Genotoxicity in Drosophila Melanogaster
Authors: Mohammed Jaafaru Sani , Yusuf Jibril Habib
Published: December 2023

Proanthocyanidin, a bioactive polyphenolic component of tamarin (Tamarindus indica L.), offers neuroprotective benefits with insufficient scientific evidence. This study evaluated the behavioral and molecular effect of proanthocyanidin-rich fraction on the gene expression level of antioxidant and aging enzymes in Drosophila melanogaster. The fruit flies were fed with the fraction at 1.5 and 2.5 mg/g diet for seven days, followed by exposure to 0.1 µg/g diet lead oxide for equivalent days. Negative geotaxis and survival assays were conducted on the flies. The expression level of phase II antioxidant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase were evaluated using rt-PCR to assess proanthocyanidin’s protection level and mechanism in Pb-induced neurotoxic D. melanogaster. The results show that the proanthocyanidins-rich fraction enhanced locomotor activity and the rate of emergence of flies even in the presence of eco-toxicant. The fraction also mitigated the harmful effect of Pb via the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, as evidenced by the increase in the expression levels of the catalase and SOD genes in the noxious environment. Thus, the study provides insights into understanding the neuroprotection mechanism of proanthocyanidins-rich fraction against lead-induced neurotoxicity in D. melanogaster, which could be translated to humans when explored further.
Unlocking soil carbon stock potential in conservation areas
Authors: Lestari Nurul Silva , Susanti Eka , Satrio Anton Eko , Kartikasari Galih , Sion Androw Mikhov , Hariyen Nori , Sugianur
Published: December 2023

Indonesia’s nationally determined contributions (NDC) outline ambitious emission reduction targets, with the forestry and other land use (FOLU) sector expected to play a significant role in achieving these goals. This study estimates soil carbon stock in conservation areas covering mineral and peat soils. A total of 72 sample plots in Bukit Tigapuluh National Park (NP), Kutai NP, and Sebangau NP were established for soil sample collections. This study found that the highest organic content in mineral soil is at 0-5 cm depth, accounting for 3.54% in Bukit Tigapuluh NP and 2.72% in Kutai NP. The carbon stocks of mineral soil in Bukit Tigapuluh NP and Kutai NP at 0-30 cm depth are 43.17 tons C ha-1 and 56.77 tons C ha-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the carbon stock in peat soil in Sebangau NP at 400 m depth is 2,155.63 tons C ha-1, 43-fold more significant than the carbon stock in mineral soil. This study underscores the significance of soil carbon in Indonesia’s climate mitigation. It highlights the opportunity to refine emission estimates from the FOLU sector by adding a soil carbon pool to calculate the emission factor.
Unravelling Groundwater Governance Complexity for Sustainable Water Conservation: Exploring the Utility of Assemblage Thinking
Authors: Nastiti Anindrya , Burhanudin Muhamad , Sutadian Arief D. , Arifianingsih Nur Novilina , Utami Sholihah R.
Published: December 2023

Groundwater, a crucial resource for human needs and ecosystems, needs help ensuring its availability and quality in different regions around the globe due to overuse and exclusive access. Assemblage Thinking (AT), introduced by Deleuze and Guattari, offers a lens to unravel complex socio-ecological dynamics in groundwater governance. In most studies centered around governance, particularly concerning groundwater, researchers find themselves confined within a linear and structural viewpoint regarding the interactions among actors. This paper recommends using AT to analyze groundwater regimes’ socio-ecological dynamics and conflicting interests. AT is suitable for hybrid governance frameworks, encompasses dynamic and evolving processes rather than static conditions, and recognizes the impact of material objects on governance, including technology, policy, strategies, geohydrological, and spatial factors on groundwater access. AT will examine how human agency, biophysical elements, and social dynamics affect groundwater access, distribution, and use. Despite several challenges, AT is a promising holistic framework for understanding groundwater sustainability in a changing climate.
Development of Encapsulated Nanocarotenoid from Melinjo Peel (Gnetum gnemon L.) as an Alternative of Food Products Fortificants
Authors: Harinata H , Clarensia V , Bhakti T S , Wardana A A , Setiarto R H B
Published: December 2023

The trend of natural food products free from synthetic additives has been experiencing rapid and dynamic growth in the global food industry. Nanocarotenoid-encapsulated compounds have been developed to increase stability, solubility, and industrial applications, especially for the design of carotenoid delivery systems and improving their bioavailability. This study aims to apply carotenoid nanoencapsulation technology from gnetum peel as an alternative food nutrient fortifier product. Nanoemulsion was prepared by homogenization using ultraturrax (11,000 rpm) combined with ultrasonication (1-3 h). The best nanoemulsion formulation was obtained from 1-hour sonication, showed by a minor diameter of the nanoparticles (99.54 ± 0.03 nm) and a low value of the polydisperse index (0.37 ± 0.03). The color properties and encapsulation efficiency of maltodextrin were also characterized. The greater the concentration of maltodextrin encapsulating material added, the better the carotenoid nanostructure. The higher percentage of maltodextrin influenced the color parameter.
Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Farming Performance in the Rice Production Center of Central Java Province
Authors: Ani Susi Wuri , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi , Waluyati Lestari Rahayu , Mashyuri
Published: December 2023

Central Java is a province on Java Island between the two largest rice-producing provinces: East Java and West Java. Central Java is one of the national food buffer provinces. This study used the survey method with interview measuring devices using a structured questionnaire. The research location was determined using a purposive method so that it was possible to determine the regency with the largest average harvested area and rice production over the last five years in Central Java, namely Grobogan, with 125 farmers as respondents. This research aims to analyze the performance of lowland rice farming in rice production centers in Central Java by analyzing the revenue and profit of rice farming. The study’s results in 2023 show that with an average paddy rice planting area of 0.64 Ha, farmers will obtain 53.21 hectares of rice production and an average income of IDR 30,906,670.40. Paddy farmers allocate the cost of paddy rice farming for IDR 13,370,892.8 so that farmers get a profit of IDR 17,535,778.40. The analysis results show that the value of the benefit-cost ratio of farmers’ lowland rice farming in Grobogan, Central Java, is 1.31, which means that lowland rice farming is feasible to cultivate.
Village Community Empowerment through Sustainable Food Program in Realizing Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Eprilianto DF , Kartika Sari YE , Ma’ruf MF , Pradana GW , Lasmijan  , Febrianti Eni
Published: December 2023

Food is currently a critical issue in rural communities. This is because the rapid development of technology and globalization is changing people’s lifestyles, including meeting daily food needs. This research aims to analyze the empowerment of rural communities through sustainable food programs in Bojonegoro Regency, Indonesia. qualitative descriptive research method through direct observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews conducted in this research. The research results show that the success of a sustainable food program goes through several stages, namely the awareness stage, the capacity stage and finally the empowerment stage. Until now, many people are involved in this program and manage it independently through institutions. The implications of this research can provide a detailed description of the stages of community empowerment in a sustainable food program to create food security in Bulu Village, Sugihwaras District, Bojonegoro Regency. Apart from that, the group of housewives that has been structurally formed can improve their skills and competence in managing the program in preparation for future use as a village business unit.
Optimization of Public Green Open Spaces as an Effort to Preserve and Planning Conservation of the Environment in Klungkung Regency, Bali
Authors: Wayan Wiryawan I
Published: December 2023

This article aims to explore the Optimization of Public Green Open Spaces as an Effort to Preserve the Environment in Klungkung Regency, Bali. The research in this article will use normative legal research methods with an analytical and descriptive nature. The study found that Optimizing the amount of green open space is very important for the surrounding environment and public health. Several factors cause obstacles in arranging green open spaces in Klungkung City. One of them is the limited ability of the Klungkung City Government to obtain green available space land. In addition, limited funds are also a factor affecting the Klungkung City Government’s ability to open green spaces. In addition, the lack of comprehensive planning from the Klungkung City Government in managing the available land to be used as green open space is also an obstacle. Collaborative efforts among government, communities, and the private sector are essential for successful implementation. The application of this approach contributes to the overall improvement and preservation of the environment, leading to a more sustainable future.
Performance of Hybrid Mesh Filter Bioreactor For Textile Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Indah Nindia Noor , Juniawan Asyhar Sururi , Susilaningtyas Hanifah , Budhijanto Wiratni , Marbelia Lisendra
Published: December 2023

The rapid growth of the textile industry, while bringing positive impacts, also brings negative effects related to the increasing amount of wastewater generated. Poorly managed wastewater can potentially create adverse effects on human health and the environment. This study evaluates the hybrid mesh filter bioreactor (MFBR) performance for textile wastewater treatment. The bioreactor was operated with a nylon mesh filter having 37 µm pore size under intermittent aeration with aeration on/off durations of 1/1 hour. Wastewater influent was degraded by microorganisms attached to biofilm carriers and filtered by an external filtration tank. The process performance was evaluated under varying concentrations of COD (600–1200 mg/L). The stable operation was achieved for around 60 days with 88.4-94.8% turbidity removal and a flux value of 102±15 L/m2·hour. Although high COD removal was observed (89.4-92.1%), only 14.3-25.2% color removal was achieved in hybrid MFBR under hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4-8 hours.
Resource Potential of Socio-Economic Development in the Regional Sustainability Context: the Role of Energy Security and Environment
Authors: Zaytsev Andrey , Dmitriev Nikolay , Barykin Sergey
Published: December 2023

The current dynamics pose a number of primary tasks for society and the state, related both to the issues of accelerating economic growth and taking into account regional specifics in terms of increasing the requirements for ensuring the sustainability of socio- economic development strategies (SED). This requires ensuring the rational use of regional resources, including the need to maintain energy security (ES) of territories and environmental (EnM) protection. This article studies the interrelationships between the regions’ RP and the main factors of their sustainability: ES and the state of EnM. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of ES and the state of EnM on the RP regions in the process of their SED, taking into account the state of sustainability from the strategic perspective. The methodological basis of the study is based on the use of the comparativist approach, which allowed us to consider the factor states of regional sustainability through comparative analysis in order to select common characteristics that affect the RP state. As a result, the authors have formed models aimed at determining the relationship between sustainability factors and RP regions.
Navigating Clean Water Scarcity: Assessing Household Behaviour of Clean Water Treatment and Storage in Tallo, Makassar
Authors: Muftiah Ridjal Andi Tilka , Dewi Chitra , Febriany Indah Arifah
Published: December 2023

Tallo is one of the sub-districts in Makassar that is experiencing water scarcity, leading the community to use the available water sources, such as dug wells and rainwater. This study aims to evaluate the behavior of people in Tallo who lack clean water access in terms of clean water treatment and storage after socialization, installation of Rainwater Harvesting (RWH), and subsidy of ceramic clay water filters. This was descriptive research with the number of samples was 98 beneficiaries selected by purposive sampling. The results revealed that the beneficiaries performed behavioral changes in water treatment and storage after the various interventions. It may encourage the government sectors to provide an appropriate water supply for Tallo and become a proper example that can be implemented in areas experiencing a clean water crisis.
Effect of Permanent Magnet Structure on Working Characteristics of LSPMSM 3000 rpm
Authors: Thuy Trinh Bien , Cuong Ngo Xuan , Tuan Le Anh , Do Nhu Y
Published: December 2023

Reducing the cost of electricity to improve production efficiency is one of the urgent tasks. Nowadays, the rapid development of Neodymium rare earth (NdFeB) permanent magnet technology has promoted the creation of high-efficiency motors to replace low-efficiency induction motors to save electricity. One of them is a line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor (LSPMSM). The permanent magnet configuration significantly affects the operating characteristics of the LSPMSM, such as working current characteristics, pulsating torque, working efficiency, and starting speed. The content of the article focuses on investigating and evaluating some permanent magnet configurations affecting the working characteristics of the LSPMSM based on the finite element method through Ansys/Maxwell software. The research results are suggested for the design and manufacture of LSPMSM used in mining to save electricity.