bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Satisfactions on Self-Perceived Health of Urban Residents in Chengdu, China: Gender, Age and the Built Environment
Authors: Cai Zhichang , Guan ChengHe , Trinh An , Zhang Bo , Chen Zhibin , Srinivasan Sumeeta , Nielsen Chris
Published: October 2022

Self-perceived health is an important factor for assessing urban residents’ satisfaction and quality of life. However, few have comprehensively investigated the impact of demographics, lifestyle and health awareness, indoor environment characteristics, and neighborhood features on self-perceived health. To fill this gap, we designed a framework using multivariable regressions to derive odd rations and to analyze the determinants of self-rated health, stratified into different sub-groups divided by gender, age, and neighborhood types. The study area is Chengdu, one of the most populous cities in western China. The results show that: (1) female respondents reported worse health, with household income level and marital status significantly affecting self-rated health; (2) elderly people reported the worst health, while unique factors affected only younger people (18–29 years old), such as gender, smoking, and indoor environment characteristics; and (3) different types of neighborhoods influence their residents’ perception of health differently due to historical establishment, current population composition, and housing conditions. Our study provides new observations on neighborhood types, while agreeing with previous studies on the influences of gender and age. We contribute to the field by providing a more complex understanding of the mechanism by which people rate their own health, which is important for understanding the satisfaction of urban residents and the built environment in which they live.
The Influence of Shield Tunneling Characteristics on the Safety of Buildings Above-Case Study for Shanghai Zone
Authors: Feng Xuemao , Hou Dongxiang , Huang Zhen
Published: October 2022

The disturbance effect of the shield tunneling process in the soft soil layer on the buildings above the subway tunnel is evident. Studying the spatial position effect of shield tunneling on the buildings above it is crucial for the safety of buildings and for the formulation of reasonable protection measures. Based on the typical soft soil layer in Shanghai, China, this study used Plaxis 3D for the precise simulation of the process of a shield tunnel passing through different spatial positions underneath the buildings above it. Considering the influence of the tunnel position (L), the buried depth (H), and the horizontal distance (D), the law of variation of surface settlement and the internal force and deformation law of overlying buildings during shield tunneling were discussed. The change of the building’s axial force was mainly reflected in the building slab structure, and the change of the shear force and the bending moment was mainly reflected in the building column structure. The box foundation of the buildings played an important role in resisting the influence of shield tunneling. Based on the composite criterion and the strength reduction method, the influence range of the shield tunneling on buildings in the soft soil layer was studied. The variation law of the safety factor of surrounding concrete lining, with or without the building load, was obtained. The influence of the building load on the tunnel construction was reflected by the relative ratio ξ of the safety factor in this case. The inflection point of the ξ curve and ξ = 95% was taken as the boundary of the affected areas that were divided into strong affected areas, weak affected areas, and areas which were not affected.
Monitoring Dropping Densities with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV): An Effective Tool to Assess Distribution Patterns in Field Utilization by Foraging Geese
Authors: Castenschiold Johan H. Funder , Gehrlein Jonas Beltoft , Bech-Hansen Mads , Kallehauge Rune M. , Pertoldi Cino , Bruhn Dan
Published: October 2022

Counting of droppings is often, with great effect, used as an indirect method to monitor the appearance and usage of an area by a population covering longer time spans. However, manual detecting and counting of droppings can be time-consuming and tedious, and with a risk of resulting in course estimations. In this context, we studied the use of imaging from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as a novel and enhanced tool to estimate the dropping densities and distributions of field foraging Arctic migratory geese, such as pink-footed goose Anser brachyrhynchus and barnacle goose Branta leucopsis. Aided by analysis in geographical information systems (GIS), we sought to detect and use fine-scale changes in the within-field dropping densities to evaluate avoidance distance to selected landscape elements. Data in the form of aerial photos from farmed grassland and pastures were collected in areas adjacent to Limfjorden, Northern Jutland, Denmark. The UAV proved usable for detecting droppings from field foraging geese, but with the applied UAV technology only at a low flying altitude (≤3 m), which rendered traditional methods for georeferencing inapplicable. A revised protocol for georeferencing of single aerial photos triggered from low altitudes was successfully developed, which was considered suitable for future use. Analyses based on the performed UAV data sampling allowed for an unprecedented fine-scale estimation of distribution patterns of the goose droppings and further for determination of optimal sampling frequencies (≤12 × 12 m spacing between photo samples) for calculation of density patterns, which reflected differences in foraging activity of geese across whole fields. Contagious dispersions in dropping densities were detected in the majority of fields indicating local, within-field displacements of the geese, which were illustrated by interpolated heatmaps. Additionally, avoidance distances were assessed for four landscape elements and detected with consistent results for windbreaks (100 m), roads (175 m) and wind turbines (1100 m) throughout the ten surveyed fields.
Analysis of MHD Falkner–Skan Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer Due to Symmetric Dynamic Wedge: A Numerical Study via the SCA-SQP-ANN Technique
Authors: Nonlaopon Kamsing , Khan Muhammad Fawad , Sulaiman Muhammad , Alshammari Fahad Sameer , Laouini Ghaylen
Published: October 2022

This article considers Falkner–Skan flow over a dynamic and symmetric wedge under the influence of a magnetic field. The Hall effect on a magnetic field is negligible for small magnetic Reynolds numbers. The magnetic field B(x) is considered over x-axis, which is in line with the wedge i.e., parallel, while the flow is transverse over the y-axis. This study has numerous device-centric applications in engineering, such as power generators, cooling reactor and heat exchanger design, and MHD accelerators. The Third and second-ordered ordinary differential equations characterize the system. A novel hybrid computational technique is designed for the surrogate solutions of the Falkner–Skan flow system. The designed technique is based on the sine–cosine optimization algorithm and sequential quadratic programming. Reference solutions are calculated by using the Runge–Kutta numerical technique. Performance matrices evaluate the accuracy and stability of our surrogate solutions, mean-absolute deviation (MAD), root-mean-square error (RMSE), and error in Nash-–Sutcliffe efficiency (ENSE). Furthermore, graphical representations in terms of convergence graphs, mesh graphs, stem graphs, stairs plots, and boxplots are presented to establish the symmetry, reliability, and validity of our solutions.
First and Second Sound in Two-Dimensional Bosonic and Fermionic Superfluids
Authors: Salasnich Luca , Cappellaro Alberto , Furutani Koichiro , Tononi Andrea , Bighin Giacomo
Published: October 2022

We review our theoretical results of the sound propagation in two-dimensional (2D) systems of ultracold fermionic and bosonic atoms. In the superfluid phase, characterized by the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the U(1) symmetry, there is the coexistence of first and second sound. In the case of weakly-interacting repulsive bosons, we model the recent measurements of the sound velocities of 39K atoms in 2D obtained in the weakly-interacting regime and around the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) superfluid-to-normal transition temperature. In particular, we perform a quite accurate computation of the superfluid density and show that it is reasonably consistent with the experimental results. For superfluid attractive fermions, we calculate the first and second sound velocities across the whole BCS-BEC crossover. In the low-temperature regime, we reproduce the recent measurements of first-sound speed with 6Li atoms. We also predict that there is mixing between sound modes only in the finite-temperature BEC regime.
Long-Term Monitoring of Blazar PKS 0208-512: A Change of γ-Ray Baseline Activity from EGRET to Fermi Era
Authors: Ammenadka Krishna Mohana , Bhattacharya Debbijoy , Bhattacharyya Subir , Bhatt Nilay , Stalin Chelliah Subramonian
Published: October 2022

The blazar PKS 0208-512 was in the lowest γ-ray brightness state during the initial 10 years of observations with the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi), which was an order of magnitude lower than its flux state during the EGRET era (1991–2000). The weekly averaged maximum γ-ray flux of this source during the first 10 years of Fermi observation is nearly a factor of 3 lower than the highest flux observed by EGRET in a single epoch. During the period 2018–2020, the source showed a large γ-ray flare, with the average brightness similar to the period 1991–2000. We observed the source with AstroSat, during its low and high activity states, respectively. We carried out broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling of the source using a one-zone leptonic emission model during its various brightness states. From the SED modeling, we found that there was an inefficient conversion from the bulk energy to the particle energy during the long-term low-activity states as compared to the high flux state during the EGRET era and the later part of Fermi observation.
Measles and Rubella Incidence and Molecular Epidemiology in Senegal: Temporal and Regional Trends during Twelve Years of National Surveillance, 2010–2021
Authors: Jallow Mamadou Malado , Sadio Bacary Djilocalisse , Mendy Marie Pedapa , Sy Sara , Fall Amary , Kiori Davy , Ndiaye Ndiendé Koba , Diaw Yague , Goudiaby Déborah , Diop Boly , Niang Mbayame Ndiaye , Fitchett Elizabeth J. A. , Dia Ndongo
Published: October 2022

We investigated the epidemiology of measles and rubella infections in Senegal based on data from twelve consecutive years of laboratory-based surveillance (2010–2021) and conducted phylogenetic analyses of circulating measles viruses. Sera from measles-suspected cases were collected and tested for measles and rubella-specific IgM antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Throat swabs were collected from patients with clinically diagnosed measles for confirmation by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and viral genotyping. Among 8082 laboratory-tested specimens from measles-suspected cases, serological evidence of measles and rubella infection was confirmed in 1303/8082 (16.1%) and 465/6714 (6.9%), respectively. The incidence of rubella is now low—0.8 (95% CI 0.4–1.3) cases per million people in 2021—whereas progress towards measles pre-elimination targets (<1.0 case per million people per year) appears to have stalled; there were 10.8 (95% CI 9.3–12.5) cases per million people in 2021. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that all Senegalese measles strains belonged to genotype B3. The rubella virus sequence obtained in this study was consistent with genotype 1C. Our national surveillance data suggest that despite their low incidence both measles and rubella remain endemic in Senegal with a concerning stagnation in the decline of measles infections that represents a significant challenge to the goal of regional elimination.
Comparative Study of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Hospitalised Patients: A Retrospective Population Study of 500 Hospitalised Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Spanish Population of 220,000 Inhabitants
Authors: Ruiz-Giardin José M. , Rivilla Marta , Mesa Nieves , Morales Alejandro , Rivas Luis , Izquierdo Aída , Escribá Almudena , San Martín Juan V. , Bernal-Bello David , Madroñal Elena , Farfán Ana I. , Guerrero Marta , Calderón Ruth , Duarte Miguel A. , Piedrabuena Sara I. , Toledano-Macías María , Satué José Á. , Marrero Jorge , de Ancos Cristina L. , Frutos Begoña , Cristóbal Rafael , Soria Guillermo , Ayala-Larrañaga Ibone , Carpintero Lorena , de Hita Miguel , Lara Celia , Llerena Álvaro R. , García Virginia , Jiménez Raquel , García Vanesa , Saiz-Lou Elena M. , Prieto Santiago , González-Pereira Natalia , Lechuga Luis Antonio , Tarancón Jorge , Gonzalo Sonia
Published: October 2022

Objectives. This study aimed to compare the characteristics of fully and partially vaccinated or unvaccinated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who were hospitalised in a population of 220,000 habitants. Methods: Retrospective, observational, and population studies were conducted on patients who were hospitalised due to COVID-19 from March to October 2021. We assessed the impact of vaccination and other risk factors through Cox multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 500 patients were hospitalised, among whom 77 (15.4%) were fully vaccinated, 86 (17.2%) were partially vaccinated, and 337 (67.4%) were unvaccinated. Fully vaccinated (FV) patients were older and had a higher Charlson index than those of partially vaccinated and unvaccinated patients (NFV). Bilateral pneumonia was more frequent among NFV (259/376 (68.9%)) than among FV patients (32/75 (42.7%)). The former had more intensive care unit admissions (63/423) than the latter (4/77); OR: 2.80; CI (1.07–9.47). Increasing age HZ: 1.1 (1.06–1.14)) and haematological disease at admission HZ: 2.99 (1.26–7.11)) were independent risk factors for higher mortality during the first 30 days of hospitalisation. The probability of an earlier discharge in the subgroup of 440 patients who did not die during the first 30 days of hospitalisation was related to age (older to younger: HZ: 0.98 (0.97–0.99)) and vaccination status. Conclusions: Among the patients hospitalised because of COVID-19, complete vaccination was associated with less severe forms of COVID-19, with an earlier discharge date. Age and haematological disease were related to a higher mortality rate during the first 30 days of hospitalisation.
Occurrence and Definitions of Intra and Postoperative Complications Related to Laparoscopy in Equids: A Scoping Review
Authors: Cerullo Anna , Gandini Marco , Giusto Gessica
Published: October 2022

Laparoscopy is a common approach in equine surgery and has the advantage of improved visibility and diagnostic accuracy, decreased morbidity and hospitalization time. However, despite the numerous benefits, there can be intraoperative and postoperative complications which could have important welfare and economic consequences. The aim of this study was to perform a scoping review to identify current evidence on the occurrence, definition and classification of intra and postoperative complications in equine laparoscopy. A scoping review was conducted in scientific databases. Peer-reviewed scientific articles in the English language on laparoscopy in equids between 1992 and 2022 were included. Data on the study method, sample size, surgical procedure, intra and postoperative complications were extracted and charted. One hundred sixty-four articles met the final inclusion criteria. A definition of “intraoperative complication” was given in one study. Difference between “minor” or “major” intraoperative complications were reported in 12 articles and between “minor” or “major” postoperative complications in 22 articles. A total of 22 intraoperative and 34 postoperative complications were described. The most reported intraoperative complication was hemorrhage from ovary or mesovary (12.7%), while the most reported postoperative complications were incisional complications (64.2%) and postoperative pain (32.7%). There is a need for implementation of criteria for defining complications. The adoption of classification systems and standard definitions would help surgeons to make decisions about the most appropriate treatment, and it is also essential to allow comparisons between research results.
Prediction for the Influence of Guide Vane Opening on the Radial Clearance Sediment Erosion of Runner in a Francis Turbine
Authors: Jin Zhiqiang , Song Xijie , Zhang Anfu , Shao Feng , Wang Zhengwei
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the Eulerian–Lagrangian method and Tabakoff erosion model are used to study the solid–liquid two-phase flow in a Francis turbine. Through the analysis of the overall flow pattern, particle flow, particle concentration, and wear in the bladeless area of the unit under different guide vane openings, the influence of runner radial gap flow on the surrounding flow field characteristics and wear under different guide vane openings is revealed. The results show that the smaller the opening of the guide vane, the greater the influence on the vortices and flow pattern and the particle distribution in the runner. The overall wear in the hydraulic turbine unit with the optimal opening is the smallest. The long-term wear of the runner inlet and guide vane outlet will cause the loss of local structures, an increase in the radial clearance of the runner, an increase in the clearance leakage, an increase in the vibration of the unit, and a reduction in efficiency. The research results provide a basis for the structural and hydraulic optimization of the Francis turbine.
Simpler Is Better—Calibration of Pipe Roughness in Water Distribution Systems
Authors: Zhao Qi , Wu Wenyan , Simpson Angus R. , Willis Ailsa
Published: October 2022

Hydraulic models of water distribution systems (WDSs) need to be calibrated, so they can be used to help to make informed decisions. Usually, hydraulic model calibration follows an iterative process of comparing the simulation results from the model with field observations and making adjustments to model parameters to make sure an acceptable level of agreement between predicted and measured values (e.g., water pressure) has been achieved. However, the manual process can be time-consuming, and the termination criterion relies on the modeler’s judgment. Therefore, various optimization-based calibration methods have been developed. In this study, three different optimization methods, i.e., Sequential Least Squares Programming (SLSQP), a Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE), are compared for calibrating the pipe roughness of WDS models. Their performance is investigated over four different decision variable set formulations with different levels of discretization of the search space. Results obtained from a real-world case study demonstrate that compared to traditional engineering practice, optimization is effective for hydraulic model calibration. However, a finer search space discretization does not necessarily guarantee better results; and when multiple methods lead to similar performance, a simpler method is better. This study provides guidance on method and formulation selection for calibrating WDS models.
Performance of the SCORE and Globorisk cardiovascular risk prediction models: a prospective cohort study in Dutch general practice
Authors: Schoofs Merle CA , Akkermans Reinier P , de Grauw Wim JC , Schalk Bianca WM , van Dis Ineke , Tjin-A-Ton Judith , Bischoff Erik WMA , Biermans Marion CJ
Published: October 2022

Background

GPs frequently use 10-year-risk estimations of cardiovascular disease (CVD) to identify high- risk patients.

Aim

To assess the performance of four models for predicting the 10-year risk of CVD in Dutch general practice.

Design and setting

Prospective cohort study. Routine data (2009– 2019) was used from 46 Dutch general practices linked to cause of death statistics.

Method

The outcome measures were fatal CVD for SCORE and first diagnosis of fatal or non- fatal CVD for SCORE fatal and non-fatal (SCORE- FNF), Globorisk-laboratory, and Globorisk-office. Model performance was assessed by examining discrimination and calibration.

Results

The final number of patients for risk prediction was 1981 for SCORE and SCORE-FNF, 3588 for Globorisk-laboratory, and 4399 for Globorisk- office. The observed percentage of events was 18.6% (n= 353) for SCORE- FNF, 6.9% (n= 230) for Globorisk-laboratory, 7.9% (n= 323) for Globorisk-office, and 0.3% (n= 5) for SCORE. The models showed poor discrimination and calibration. The performance of SCORE could not be examined because of the limited number of fatal CVD events. SCORE-FNF, the model that is currently used for risk prediction of fatal plus non-fatal CVD in Dutch general practice, was found to underestimate the risk in all deciles of predicted risks.

Conclusion

Wide eligibility criteria and a broad outcome measure contribute to the model applicability in daily practice. The restriction to fatal CVD outcomes of SCORE renders it less usable in routine Dutch general practice. The models seriously underestimate the 10-year risk of fatal plus non-fatal CVD in Dutch general practice. The poor model performance is possibly because of differences between patients that are eligible for risk prediction and the population that was used for model development. In addition, selection of higher-risk patients for CVD risk assessment by GPs may also contribute to the poor model performance.
Bacteriological Studies on Fish Affected by Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS) in Kerala, India
Authors: THAMPURAN N.
Published: October 2022

Bacteriological studies were conducted on fish affected by epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) in Kerala, India, with emphasis on the hydrobiological features of the environment. Among the nine fish species analyzed, the most severe symptoms were observed in Channa striatus, Wallago attu and Puntius. The bacterial species isolated from the lesions and internal organs of these fishes showed a dominance of Aeromonas hydrophila. The frequency of isolation of A. hydrophila was low in fish showing mild symptoms and in apparently healthy fish collected from the affected areas. Repeated isolation of A. hydrophila from ulcerated parts of fish indicate that this organism could be responsible for the secondary infection. Water samples showed acidic pH, low salinity, and levels of mercury and cadmium within limits.
Effects of Lead on Respiratory Enzyme Activity, Glycogen and Blood Sugar Levels of the Teleost Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters) during Accumulation and Depuration
Authors: JAMES R.
Published: October 2022

Accumulation and depuration from liver and muscle were measured in Oreochromis mossambicus exposed to sublethal levels of lead (Pb) (17.5 and 35 ppm); and activities of two respiratory enzymes, as well as glycogen and blood sugar levels were studied during exposure and recovery. During exposure, a significant decline in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity with a concomitant increase in glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase (GOH) activity was observed in liver and muscle, suggesting a shift in metabolism from aerobiosis to anaerobiosis. Glycogen content of liver and muscle showed a time-and dose-(P<0.01) dependent decrease, whereas blood sugar level increased. This suggests the breakdown of glycogen to glucose and mobiliza­tion to meet energy requirements. During recovery, activities of respiratory enzymes were re­versed; GOH activity and glycogen content recovered earlier than the activity of the aerobic enzyme SDH. Animals exposed to sublethal levels of Pb produced time-and dose-dependent significant increases in concentrations of Pb in liver (P<0.05) and muscle (P<0.01). On transfer of the fish to metal-free freshwater after 20 d of exposure, Pb concentrations in tested tissues gradually declined. The rate of recovery or extrapolated time between day O and 20 of recovery showed that liver and muscle completely recovered from Pb poisoning on days 54 or 82 and 44 or 62 in animals exposed to 17.5 or 35 ppm, respectively. Animals exposed to 17.5 ppm recov­ered earlier than those exposed to 35 ppm.
Assessment of Two Microbound Artificial Diets for Weaning Asian Sea Bass (Lates calcarifer, Bloch)
Authors: LEE P. S.
Published: October 2022

Two microbound diets (MBD) containing marine fish roes were assessed as weaning diets for Asian sea bass/barramundi (Lates calcarifer) over a 5-d growth trial. The larvae were successfully weaned on the two MBD tested which supported greater growth than a commercially available weaning diet developed for European bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) which is currently used as a weaning diet in commercial culture of L. calcarifer in Australia. The results indicate that marine fish roes are a suitable basis for weaning diets for L. calcarifer, and that MBD are a suitable way of presenting these diets. The inexpensive and easily prepared MBD used in this study may therefore represent a viable alternative to the commercial diets currently available to marine finfish hatcheries.
Degradation of Chlorophyll in Dried Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) During Storage
Authors: YAMADA Y.
Published: October 2022

The storage condition of dried wakame, which contained 57.9% alginate, with a Omannuronic acid to L-guluronic acid ratio of 1.92, was investigated. The water sorption isotherms of dried wakame and sodium alginate qualitatively resembled each other, but showed slight quantitative differences above Aw 0.70. The amounts of water sorbed in a monomolecular layer of dried wakame and sodium alginate were 4.4 and 5.1 (g H20• 100 g·1 solids), respectively. It was suggested from the results obtained in this study that the water adsorption of dried wakame was attributable to the presence of alginate, the main structural component of wakame. From the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms of dried wakame and sodium alginate, only a single endothermic peak was observed between 20 and 90°C for both samples. The endothermic peak temperatures decreased linearly with increasing water activity. The degradation of chlorophyll followed pseudo-first order reaction. The rates of chlorophyll degradation profoundly faster above the DSC endothermic peak temperature of wakame compared with those below the endothermic peak temperature, suggesting that the stability of chlorophyll in wakame depends largely upon the state of alginate.
Seasonal Availability of Calanoid Copepods (genus Acartia) in Eastern Thailand Using a Light Trap, as Food Organisms for Marine Fish Larval Rearing
Authors: OHNO A.
Published: October 2022

Zooplankton collected by the torch lighting method were investigated in a tropical coastal seawater pond in eastern Thailand. Copepods of the genus Acartia, such as A.sinjiensis, A. erythaea and A. pacifica, were predominant among the zooplankton collected. A.sinjiensis occurred almost throughout the year with a prolonged peak season from August to April. The highest abundance of adult A. sinjiensis aggregated under the light reached 35,700 individuals•l·1• The occurrence of A. erythaea and A. pacifica was intermittent with a short-term peak from March to April, during which their abundance was higher than A. sinjiensis. The combination of water temperature and salinity was suggested to affect or regulate the biomass of these Acartia species. Among the Acartia species, A. sinjiensis seems to be the most important as a food organism available for marine fish larval rearing in eastern Thailand.
Partitioning and Bioaccumulation of Cadmium from the Sediment of Brackishwater Ponds in Sundarban, India
Authors: KAVIRAJ A. , GHOSAL T.K.
Published: October 2022

Sediment samples from 12 brackishwater ponds in Sundarban, India, showed cadmium (Cd) levels of 2.6-6.7 mg.kg·1• When these sediment samples were overlain with Cd-free water in the laboratory, Cd partitioned from the sediment into the water and reached concentrations of 0.08-0.54 mg-1·1• The extent of partitioning was not proportional to the amount of Cd in the sediment. The presence of common carp juveniles and tubificid worms did not influence the partitioning rate, but Cd concentrations in the water were significantly lower when these organisms were present. Both common carp juveniles and tubificid worms accumulated Cd, the fish more than the worms.
Carp Culture in Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India: An Economic Analysis
Authors: JAYARAMAN R.
Published: October 2022

Carp culture is attracting farmers' attention as a means to increase farm income in Thanjavur district, the rice bowl of Tamil Nadu State, India. Data from 40 randomly chosen farmers were collected to analyze the economics of carp culture and to determine the reasons for yield variations using the Probabilistic Frontier Production Function model. Average figures per hectare reported by the respondents were 888.11 kg annual yield, Rs. 19,961 (US$ 665.37) gross income, Rs. 9,397 (US$ 313.23) total cost, and Rs.10,564 (US$ 352.1 3) net income. The highest mean yields for ponds less than 1 ha each were related to the highest levels of adoption of inputs recommended, indicating that the wide yield variations were due largely to gaps in input adoption. Widespread and successful culture of the three Indian major carps - catla, rohu, mrigal, - as against the six-species combination recommended under composite fish culture, pointed to a research gap. As expected, among the three market channels found, the one in which farmers sold live fish directly to consumers fetched a 33% higher price and consequently more income. A two-pronged approach of strengthening research on relevant field problems (like species mix, optimal input mix, disease control, feed, and supply of credit) and extension support for widespread dissemination of technology to fish farmers would bridge research and extension gaps, and maximize output from the fishponds. Probabilistic Frontier Production Func­tion analysis clearly brings out this potential.
Preliminary Studies on the Essential Amino Acid Requirements of the Pearlspot, Etroplus suratensis
Authors: PILLAl S.M. , ALI SA.
Published: October 2022

Three groups or juvenile pearlspot, Etroplus suratensis, were fed a formulated reed (CP:31.5%) containing fish meal, groundnut cake, wheat bran, tapioca powder, vitamins and minerals over 20 d. An attempt was made to determine the essential amino acid (EM) requirement of pearlspot by calculating the daily EM increment of the fish red with the diet. The EM requirement profile expressed as percentage of dietary protein is 3.4% arginine, 2.1 % histidine, 1.4% isoleucine, 3.5% leucine, 9.7% lysine, 2.0% methionine, 2.2% phenyl alanine, 3.0% threonine, 2.2% tryptophan and 2.1% valine.
Narratives in the educational process of critical thinking
Authors: Sukhanova N. P.
Published: October 2022

In modern higher education, the number of educational programs aimed at improving the quality of thinking, reasoning abilities, and creativity is growing. The campus course «Logic and Critical Thinking» is aimed at improving the intellectual dispositions of students involved in the professional and personal sphere. Narrative in the educational process is considered as a didactic technique in teaching logic and critical thinking. The purpose of the article is to analyze the narrative as a supporting construct of the emerging discursive model, to study the possibility of the narrative as a role model in the process of forming their own mental practice of the project participants. The flexible narrative model used for interpretation is designed to awaken the deep curiosity of the student, the subjective need to solve logical problems and form the skill to think critically. The author studies the experience of narrative in the concept of an oral narrative of such a form of education as a seminar lesson. The trigger mechanism of students’ reflexive activity is a narrative text, the value of the narrative is shown in the recognition of qualitative questions, their clear formulation and the direction of their own research. It is concluded that an effective pedagogical narrative is content-variable and subject-oriented. Narrativization of the educational process is important not only for the development of critical thinking of students, but also for the teacher who reflects on the issues of building a more effective educational strategy.
Socio-Economic and Mental Health Impacts of COVID-19 Lockdown on Students Learning in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Mumtaz , Younas Muhammad Zeeshan , Shabbir Raja Waqas
Published: October 2022

Evaluation of the e-learning activities in this crisis period amid COVID-19 has significant importance to propose effective mediations for the smooth running of learning and teaching. Keeping this in mind, the present study takes a lead and identifies the key problems associated with online classes during the COVID-19 lockdown in Pakistan. In addition, we examine the “Stay at Home” orders of government impacts on the mental health of students. The empirical analysis is based on a cross-sectional survey covering students from all educational groups across Pakistan. A sample of 1,114 students is collected via a structured questionnaire constructed using Google Form and floated online to students in all educational institutions in Pakistan. Results indicate that students living in a city that has “Stay at Home” orders in place at the time of the survey is linked with a decrease in mental health by 0.525 standard deviations (p-value=0.0560), suggesting that “Stay at Home” orders have led to a significant reduction in the mental health of the students. Students who report being stayed at home during lockdown have significantly better mental health scores. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive descriptive statistical analysis of the online classes designed for lockdown on different socio-economic and mental health aspects.
Productivity and Export Performance of Emerging Asian Economies
Authors: Saeed Asma , Ullah Mehrin Zaid
Published: October 2022

This study estimates the effect of productivity on export performance of selected sectors and countries. Specifically, this study analyzes both theoretically and empirically, the nexus between productivity and export performance of selected emerging Asian economies including China, India, Indonesia, South Korea, and Japan. Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is used as a proxy for productivity and measured using two different techniques, growth accounting framework and data envelopment analysis. The study uses Auto Regressive Distributed Lag technique to estimate the effect of productivity on export performance of agricultural and manufacturing sectors of emerging Asian economies over the period of 1990 to 2016. Results show that TFP significantly and positively affect the agricultural and manufacturing sectors’ export performance of selected emerging Asian economies both in long and short run. Hence, policies and economic strategies promoting adoption of advanced production technologies will increase exports of the emerging Asian economies in the long run.
Dynamic Institutions Quality and Sustainable Development: Evidence from Developing Countries
Authors: Azam Muhammad , Khan Zafir Ullah , Zubair Muhammad
Published: October 2022

This article empirically examines the direct and indirect impact of dynamic institutions' quality on sustainable development. Dynamic institution's quality is considered in the following forms; political and ethnic institutions, market legitimizing and regulating institutions and democratic institutions. For the empirical model, we use annual data set of 47 developing countries across the period 2000-2015. To address the issue of endogeneity, the Dynamic Panel System Generalized Method is employed. Our findings suggest that ethnic conflicts have a negative significant impact on sustainable development while democracy shows an insignificant impact on sustainable development. Market regulatory institutions are found to have a positive significant impact on sustainable development. In addition to this, the multiplicative impact of dynamic institutions through either economic growth efficiency or FDI channels indicates a positive impact on sustainable development except for the rule of laws. Finally, we suggest that dynamic institutions' quality is necessary to enhance economic activities and attract foreign investment to ensure sustainable economic development in a specific set of developing countries. The policymakers should also focus on structural improvements regarding the rule of law enforcement for achieving sustainable economic development goals in selected developing countries.
Dampak Stock Split Terhadap Likuiditas Saham Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Di BEI Tahun 2016-2020
Authors: Muchran Muchriana , Imma Nurhikma , Idrawahyuni Idrawahyuni
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menguji  bagaimana dampak pemecahan saham pada likuiditas saham di perusahaan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2016-2020. Sampel penelitian digunakan metode purposive sampling. Dari metode tersebut, diambil 57 perusahaan menjadi sampel penelitian. Metode dokumentasi dan studi pustaka merupakan metode yang dugunakan dalam pengumpulkan data. Dalam menguji hipotesis penelitian, peneliti menggunakan uji wilcoxon signed ranks sampel test untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa likuiditas saham baik sebelum maupun sesudah stock split  tanpa ditemukan selisih beda  yang signifikan. Hal ini memperjelas bahwa pemecahan saham tidak berdampak pada likuiditas saham.Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menguji  bagaimana dampak pemecahan saham pada likuiditas saham di perusahaan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2016-2020. Sampel penelitian digunakan metode purposive sampling. Dari metode tersebut, diambil 57 perusahaan menjadi sampel penelitian. Metode dokumentasi dan studi pustaka merupakan metode yang dugunakan dalam pengumpulkan data. Dalam menguji hipotesis penelitian, peneliti menggunakan uji wilcoxon signed ranks sampel test untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa likuiditas saham baik sebelum maupun sesudah stock split  tanpa ditemukan selisih beda  yang signifikan. Hal ini memperjelas bahwa pemecahan saham tidak berdampak pada likuiditas saham.
Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan dengan Konsep Balance Scorecard pada PT. Buton POS Baubau
Authors: Pardana Deki , Mustakim Fariz , Hasni Hasni , Rusdin Rusdin
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PT. Buton Pos Baubau, dengan mengukur kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan menggunakan konsep balance scorecard, dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Dengan jumlah sampel 51 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitan, diketahui nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0.585 yang menunjukkan ada hubungan yang sedang antara kepemimpinan dengan kinerja perusahaan pada PT. Buton Pos Baubau, artinya bahwa kinerja perusahaan tidak terlalu dipengaruhi oleh kepemimpinan, kinerja perusahaan lebih besar dipengaruhi oleh modal perusahaan dan kepuasan kerja karyawan. Sedangkan koefisien determinasi (r2) sebesar 0,342 atau 34,2% artinya kontribusi atau sumbangan variabel kepemimpinan terhadap naik turunnya kinerja perusahan pada PT. Buton Pos Baubau adalah sebesar 34,2%, artinya bahwa kepemimpinan mempengaruhi kinerja perusahaan sebesar 34,2%. Dan sisanya sebasar 65,8% dipengaruhi oleh factor lain seperti kemampuan modal perusahaan, dan kepuasan kerja karyawan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji t. diperoleh nilai t hitung sebesar 5,043 dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,000 yang artinya kepemimpian berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan pada PT. Buton Pos Baubau.
Evaluasi Penilaian Aktiva Tetap menurut Standar Akuntansi Pemerintah pada Kantor Bappeda Kota Baubau
Authors: Mustaqim Fariz , Pardana Deki
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian bentuk penilaian aktiva tetap yang diterapkan oleh Kantor Bappeda Kota Baubau terhadap Standar Akuntansi Pemerintah. Metode statistic yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penilaian aktiva tetap pada Kantor Bappeda Kota Baubau telah sesuai dengan PSAP No.7 tentang aktiva tetap mengenai pengakuan/pencatatan, pengukuran/penilaian, dan penyajian serta pengungkapan aktiva tetap. Kebijakan akuntansi yang digunakan oleh Kantor Bappeda Kota Baubau dalam mengevaluasi aktiva tetapnya dilakukan sesuai dengan PSAP No.7 mulai dari penggolongan aktiva, perolehan, hingga pada pengadaan aktiva tetap tersebut. Berdasarkan PSAP No.7, diketahui Kantor Bappeda Kota Baubau menerapkan harga perolehan (historical cost) sebagai dasar dalam mengukur aktiva tetapnya. Pengakuan awal aktiva tetap yang diperoleh dengan cara pembelian secara tunai telah sesuai dengan PSAP No.7. Pengadaan aktiva tetap yang dilakukan oleh Kantor Bappeda Kota Baubau sesuai dengan mekanisme pengadaan aktiva tetap berdasarkan PP Nomor 54 tahun 2010 tentang pengadaan barang dan jasa.
The Effect Of Giving Carrot Juice On Menstrual Pain In Young Women
Authors: Fitria Aida , Marisa Marisa
Published: October 2022

Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) is a lower abdominal pain that usually occurs in women who have menstruation which has a bad effect and causes disturbances to carry out daily activities because of the pain they feel. This condition can last for two days or more than the length of menstruation experienced every month. Objective to reduce menstrual pain, you can use nonpharmacological therapy, one of which is carrot juice. This study aims to determine the effect of carrot juice minun on reducing menstrual pain in young women at SMA Negeri 9 Medan. This research is a quantitative research using a pre-experimental design with a one group pre-post test approach. The population in this study amounted to 40 people. The data were collected using an observation sheet on the menstrual pain scale (dysmenorrhea) before and after being given carrot juice. The sample of this study was a student of SMA Negeri 9 Medan which was obtained through accidental sampling, which was 9 people. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test. The results of the study showed differences in the average value of decreasing menstrual pain before and after being given carrot juice, from 2.67 to 1.22. The results of stascal tests with Wilcoxon test results obtained an A–Symp Sig (2-tailed) value of p= 0.006 (< 0.05). There is an influence of drinking carrot juice on the decrease in menstrual pain. It is recommended for respondents to consume carrot juice during menstruation as a non-pharmacological therapeutic therapy by drinking carrot juice juice 2 times a day as much as 400 ml, namely 200 ml in the morning and 200 ml in the day at the time of mesntruation on the first day.
Recursos didácticos en lengua Shuar para fortalecer el aprendizaje en instituciones Interculturales bilingües
Authors: Kunambe-Samik Nancy María , Shakai-Kaniras Marcelo , Toledo-Moncayo Cecilia
Published: October 2022

El presente trabajo busca describir qué repercusiones tiene en la formación educativa de los chicos en la Organización Bilingüe la implementación de recursos didácticos en lengua Shuar y otra cultura; y, a la vez, qué propiedades poseen los procesos metalingüísticos en los que los alumnos van a hallar la sintaxis de su propia lengua y acaso además las construcciones de la cosmovisión de su cultura ancestral. ¿Cómo influyen los recursos didácticos en el proceso de aprendizaje de lectoescritura en chicos del poblado Shuar, considerando que su desarrollo cognitivo se dio en las condiciones de oralidad de su cultura? Sin embargo, se sugiere la implementación de la metodología de conciencia fonológica como la elección más eficaz para la educación inicial de la lectoescritura, debido a que por medio de ella se va creando el aprendizaje de una forma natural a partir de la oralidad de un infante no alfabetizado.
Tecnología en la enseñanza de las personas con discapacidad en tiempo de pandemia
Authors: Tapia-Segarra Jenny Irlanda , Toledo-Moncayo Cecilia
Published: October 2022

El objetivo fue analizar el uso de la tecnología en la enseñanza de las personas con discapacidad en tiempo de pandemia del Instituto de Parálisis Cerebral del Azuay. Para ello, se ha considerado importante aplicar el enfoque investigativo cuantitativo, mediante la aplicación de la técnica de la encuesta tomando con instrumento un cuestionario estructurado.   De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, mediante la revisión bibliográfica se ha identificado que la tecnología tiene un aporte significativo en la enseñanza de las personas con discapacidad, el uso de los medios tecnológicos contribuye a mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas. Con los resultados obtenidos, se espera contribuir a futuras investigaciones que direccionen su estudio a las personas con discapacidad de acuerdo a los procesos de inclusión educativa que se vayan establecido en el sistema educativo.
Motricidad fina y técnicas grafoplásticas en estudiantes de la carrera de odontología
Authors: Sarmiento-Criollo Patricio Fernando , Auccahuallpa-Fernández Roxana , Ávila-Mediavilla Carlos Marcelo
Published: October 2022

Se tuvo por objetivo analizar la motricidad fina y técnicas grafoplásticas en estudiantes de la carrera de odontología. De carácter descriptiva observacional, cuantitativo, de corte transversal, aplicada a los estudiantes de cuarto ciclo de la carrera de Odontología del campus Matriz de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Se concluye que las habilidades motoras finas y la correcta coordinacion entre ojos, manos y dedos son pilar fundamental en la preparación y ejecución de cada una de las actividades clínicas que debe realizar cada estudiante en sus practicas pre profesionales. En virtud de los resultados, se concluye que para recuperar la motricidad fina y mejorar habilidades en el campo de la Odontología.
El Mobile Learning como estrategia metodológica en el proceso de aprendizaje del idioma inglés
Authors: Chávez-Arteaga Zully Gabriela , Chancay-Cedeño Carlos Humberto
Published: October 2022

La tecnología ha generado transformaciones en el ámbito educativo, ofreciendo dinámicos esquemas que motivan a los estudiantes a participar de su aprendizaje. La investigación buscó analizar el uso del Mobile Learning como estrategia pedagógica en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje del idioma inglés. Metodológicamente se desarrolló desde un enfoque cuantitativo, a nivel descriptivo y con un diseño de campo, no experimental, transeccional. Se les aplicó una encuesta a 49 estudiantes escogidos de forma no probabilística e intencionalmente, resultando que el 92% de los encuestados piensan que el uso del celular facilita la participación activa en clases para aprender el inglés. Concluyéndose que el Mobile Learning es un modelo de enseñanza atractivo para los estudiantes que ofrece numerosas ventajas, pero debe brindarse capacitación tecnológica al profesorado, a fin de optimizar la calidad de los aprendizajes, ya que, al aprender una lengua extrajera se abre un sinfín de posibilidades laborales y académicas.
Role-playing as a technique to promote oral expression in elementary school students
Authors: Quinteros-Villacís Jenifer Marianela , Fajardo-Dack Tammy
Published: October 2022

The main purpose of this study is to present role-playing techniques as a means to promote oral expression in eighth, ninth and tenth grade students in a public school in Cañar-Ecuador. This research demonstrates the advantages of using the role-playing technique to improve oral expression skills, as well as the student's perceptions about its use. Both quantitative and qualitative instruments were applied. The researcher employed pre- and post-tests, surveys, classroom observations, and a teacher diary to collect data. The pre- and post-tests were scored using a speech assessment rubric, which assessed students' grammar, vocabulary, fluency, pronunciation, and comprehension. Findings revealed that students enjoyed the role-play exercises and were motivated to perform dialogues in English.