bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dialízis T2DM-ben szenvedő betegekben – a hazai adatbázis elemzésének eredményei
Authors: Rokszin György , Kiss Zoltán , Abonyi-Tóth Zsolt , Jermendy György , Kempler Péter , Wittmann István , Laczy Boglárka
Published: January 2024

A 2-es típusú cukorbetegség világszerte a dialízis vezető oka. A kardiovaszkuláris és renális szövődmények kialakulásának megnövekedett kockázata 2-es típusú diabéteszben leginkább a fiatal egyéneket és a nőket érinti. A jelen vizsgálat célja volt egy retrospektív, országos szintű tanulmányban felmérni a dialízis kockázatához hozzájáruló életkori és nemi tényezők szerepét T2DM-ben szenvedő betegekben a Nemzeti Egészségbiztosítási Alapkezelő adatainak elemzésével. A tanulmányban a 2010 és 2013 közötti időszakban a központi regiszterben nyilvántartott valamennyi, 2-es típusú diabétesz miatt antihiperglikémiás gyógyszeres kezelésben részesülő beteg (n=152 678) és véletlenszerűen kiválasztott, nem, korcsoport és postai irányítószám alapján illesztett, nem cukorbeteg kontrollegyén (n=305 356) szerepelt. A cukorbetegség első megjelenésétől az első dialíziskezelés időpontjáig eltelt időtartamot Cox-regresszióval határozták meg. A T2DM-es betegekben nagyobb volt a dialízis kockázata (hazard ratio [HR]: 2,06; 95%-os konfidenciaintervallum [CI]: 1,87–2,28; p<0,0001) az illesztett, nem cukorbeteg kontrollszemélyekhez képest. Az életkor és a 2-es típusú diabétesz között szignifikáns interakció (p=0,0163) volt megfigyelhető, és a fiatalabb betegcsoport fokozott veszélyeztetettsége igazolódott (0–40 éves korcsoportban HR: 2,8, CI: 1,55–5,05; 70+ korcsoportban HR: 1,71, CI: 1,49–1,97). A nemek vonatkozásában szintén szignifikáns kölcsönhatást (p=0,0310) találtak, és a kockázat a T2DM-ben szenvedő nőkben bizonyult nagyobbnak (nőkben HR: 2,21, CI: 1,94–2,52; férfiakban HR: 1,91, CI: 1,68–2,17). Ezen első, kelet-közép-európai országos tanulmány eredménye azt igazolta, hogy a T2DM-ben szenvedők között a fiatalabb korosztály és a nők dialíziskockázata (vs. nem cukorbeteg kontrollegyének) szignifikánsan nagyobb, hasonlóan e betegcsoport kardiovaszkuláris szövődményeinek alakulásához.
Nátrium-glükóz kotranszporter-2 gátlóval és/vagy dipeptidilpeptidáz-4-gátlóval kezelt 2-es típusú cukorbetegségben szenvedő betegek morbiditási és mortalitási kockázata: nemzeti vizsgálat
Authors: Sütő Gábor , Molnár Gergő Attila , Rokszin György , Fábián Ibolya , Kiss Zoltán , Szekanecz Zoltán , Poór Gyula , Jermendy György , Kempler Péter , Wittmann István
Published: January 2024

Bevezetés: A diabetes mellitus okozta mortalitást és rokkantságot leginkább a kardiovaszkuláris szövődmények és a rák határozzák meg. A dipeptidil-peptidáz-4-gátló (DPP-4i) és a nátrium-glükóz kotranszporter-2 gátló (SGLT-2i) monoterápia vagy kombináció hatását vizsgáltuk a 2-es típusú diabetes mellitus hosszú távú szövődményeire. A kutatás felépítése és módszerei: A Nemzeti Egészségbiztosítási Alapkezelő adatbázisában található, DPP-4i-vel vagy SGLT-2i-vel kezelt 2-es típusú diabéteszes betegeket azonosítottuk egy 3 éves periódusban. Felmértük a teljes halálozást, az akut szívinfarktust (AMI), a stroke-ot, a szívelégtelenség miatti kórházi kezelést (HHF), az alsó végtagi amputációt (LLA) és a rák előfordulását. Értékeltük az SGLT-2i-terápiának a DPP-4i-kezeléshez történő hozzáadásának, valamint a DPP-4i-terápia SGLT-2i-re való átállításának következményeit. „Propensity score matching” (becsült részvételi valószínűség szerinti párosítás) után a Cox regressziós modellt alkalmaztuk. Eredmények: A „propensity score matching” után mind az SGLT-2i‑, mind a DPP-4i-csoportban 18 583 beteg volt. A teljes halálozás (HR: 0,80; 95%-os CI: 0,68–0,94; p=0,0057), a HHF (HR: 0,81; 95%-os CI: 0,71–0,92; p=0,0018) és a rák kockázata (HR: 0,75; 95%-os CI: 0,66–0,86; p<0,0001) alacsonyabb volt az SGLT-2i-populációban a DPP-4i-hez képest. Az LLA kockázata magasabb volt az SGLT-2i-csoportban (HR: 1,35; 95%-os CI: 1,03–1,77; p=0,0315). Az SGLT-2i DPP-4i-vel kombinálva alacsonyabb teljes halálozást eredményez (HR: 0,46; 95%-os CI: 0,31–0,67; p=0,0001), csökkenő tendenciát a stroke, LLA, HHF és rák esetében, de statisztikai különbség nélkül. Következtetések: Az SGLT-2i-kezelés a DPP-4i-kezeléshez képest a teljes mortalitás, a HHF és a rák kisebb kockázatát eredményezi. Az SGLT-2i hozzáadása a DPP-4i-hez a DPP-4i-ről az SGLT-2i-re való váltás helyett tovább csökkenti a teljes halálozás kockázatát.
Az SGLT-2-gátlók hatásai a kardiovaszkuláris betegségekre, a szívelégtelenségre és a vesebetegségre – a nagy klinikai vizsgálatok áttekintése
Authors: Sztanek Ferenc , Tóth László , Pető Attila
Published: January 2024

A 2-es típusú cukorbetegség egy krónikus anyagcsere-betegség, melyben jelentősen emelkedik a szív- és érrendszeri betegségek, a szívelégtelenség és a krónikus veseelégtelenség kockázata. A nátrium-glükóz kotranszporter-2 (SGLT-2)-gátlók csökkentik a szívelégtelenség miatt bekövetkező kórházi kezelést és a diabéteszes vesebetegség progresszióját is, valamint a kardiovaszkuláris betegségek előfordulását is mérséklik. A jelen munka célkitűzése az SGLT-2-gátlókkal rendelkezésre álló kardiovaszkuláris, szívelégtelenséggel és vesebetegséggel kapcsolatos vizsgálatok rövid összegzése és az eredmények áttekintése. Az eredmények értékelése során figyelembe kell venni a különböző tanulmányok tervezéseinek sajátosságait, az eltérő betegpopulációkat és kiindulási gyógyszeres terápiát is, így a kardiovaszkuláris, renális és szívelégtelenséggel kapcsolatos kimenetelek közvetlen összehasonlítása különböző SGLT-2-gátló készítmények esetén ilyen módon nem lehetséges.
A 2-es típusú diabetes mellitus és szövődményei epidemiológiai és betegségtehervizsgálata rutinszerűen gyűjtött egészségbiztosítási adatok alapján
Authors: Csákvári Tímea , Elmer Diána , Németh Noémi , Kívés Zsuzsanna , Horváth Lilla , Wittmann István , Boncz Imre
Published: January 2024

Bevezetés: Az elemzés célja a 2-es típusú diabetes mellitus és szövődményei epidemiológiájának és betegségterhének vizsgálata. Módszerek: Teljeskörű adatelemzés keretében a Nemzeti Egészségbiztosítási Alapkezelő által szolgáltatott adatokat elemeztük a 2018-as évre vonatkozóan. Meghatároztuk a betegforgalmat és a teljes lakosságra vonatkoztatott prevalenciát, továbbá az éves egészségbiztosítási kiadásokat korcsoportok és nemek, illetve ellátási típusok szerint részletezve. Az epidemiológiai mutatók meghatározásakor a gyógyszeres kezelésben részesülő betegkört vettük figyelembe. A vizsgált kórképeket a Betegségek Nemzetközi Osztályozása (BNO X. revízió) szerinti E1100–E1190 kódokkal azonosítottuk. Eredmények: A vizsgált BNO-kódokhoz köthető kezelésekre a Nemzeti Egészségbiztosítási Alapkezelő 43,23 milliárd forintot fordított 2018-ban. A kiadások legnagyobb hányadát a gyógyszer-ártámogatás (72,66%), a háziorvosi ellátás (9,75%) és a járóbeteg-szakellátás (7,74%) adta. A betegkör 43,22%-a részesült valamely szövődménytípus miatt gyógyszeres kezelésben, amihez a teljes kiadás 50,40%-a társult. A betegpopuláción belül a komplikációk legnagyobb hányadát a külön megnevezés nélküli (k.m.n.) (23,01%), többszörös (7,81%) és idegrendszeri szövődmények (5,79%) adták. A legnagyobb kiadások a szövődmény nélküli esetek (21,44 milliárd forint) után szintén e kórképekhez kötődnek (k.m.n.: 10,79; többszörös: 4,81; idegrendszeri: 3,30 milliárd forint). A lakosságra vetített prevalencia szövődmény nélkül 3,52%, együttesen pedig 6,19%. Értékelés: A 2-es típusú diabetes mellitusos betegkör majdnem fele küzd egy vagy több komplikációval is. A kiadások mérséklése céljából a betegség időben történő felismerése és a prevenció kiemelt fontosságú.
The Making of Percussion Instruments from Used Goods as A Media for Developing Elementary School Music Arts Creativity
Authors: Sa’diyah Isnaini Khalimatus , Zaidah Nuning
Published: January 2024

Creativity is something that children must have. Music art is one of the sub-themes in Cultural Arts and Crafts (SBDP). The research method uses a qualitative approach with a narrative type that applies interview data collection, observation, and documentation. The results of students' creativity in learning music can be done through making musical instruments from used goods which are later expected to become one of the media to increase students' creativity in music. In addition, making percussion instruments can solve students' boredom in learning the art of music. This article aims to explain the importance of student creativity in learning music and how to apply it to learn the art of music, so it doesn't get boring and monotonous. Hopefully, this article will provide a reference for teachers or prospective teachers in making rhythmic music learning media.
Influence of Group Investigation Model Assisted by Media Puzzle to Increase Understanding of Science Concepts of Class V Students
Authors: Nisa' Agustin Khoirun , Budiyono Jimin
Published: January 2024

One of the essential things in achieving educational goals is the ability to understand students' concepts. Understanding the concept of students is the ability of students to understand the knowledge they have learned. In improving students' understanding of concepts, there is a need for teaching innovations in the form of learning models and media. In learning science in elementary schools, it is necessary to apply the understanding of concepts appropriately as basic science at the next level. So, a suitable model and media must be needed to understand student science. The learning model can be a group investigation model that can activate students during learning activities. In addition, there is a need for puzzle media that can facilitate students' understanding of the material studied. So, this study aims to determine an increase after applying the butterfly puzzle media-assisted group investigation model to the experience of science conditions of grade V students. The study lasted for three meetings. The independent variables in this study were the group investigation model and butterfly puzzle media. At the same time, the dependent variable is the understanding of the student's concept. The data analysis techniques used in this study were the normality and n-gain tests. By understanding the concept, students increased between pretest and post-test scores, with an average normality gain of 0.5843 in the medium category. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the use of the group investigation model with butterfly puzzle media can improve the understanding of science concepts of grade V students of SDN 2 Wonosemi.
Creativity Analysis of Elementary School Students in Batik Arts Education
Authors: Puryati Lila Kurnia , Chandra Radiansyah Hadi
Published: January 2024

Education at the elementary school level significantly affects the development of students' character, including their imagination and creativity. Fine arts can be used as a way to bridge this. This study aims to develop children's creativity through batik fine arts education. Many fine art activities can be done in elementary school, ranging from drawing to painting to batik. Batik can be one of the media to develop creativity in elementary school students. The results of this study state that batik can be done in various ways as needed; elementary school students can use the high print technique, which is quite simple and easy to do. High-print batik produces simple and limited motifs according to the tools used. However, it does not rule out the possibility of students' creativity, even though using straightforward tools can produce extraordinary motifs. This research was conducted by collecting data from several previous journals and then analyzing and developing the data. The subjects of this research are elementary school students. Fine arts learning requires direct practice so students can apply the material taught before.
Analysis of Basic Social Skills of Elementary School in Saman Dance Learning
Authors: Aminah Siti , Woflihani Woflihani
Published: January 2024

Education of children at an early age helps to bring out their sensitivity. Dance is one method or way to apply art education from an early age or elementary school age. Saman dance, which is unique, becomes one of the attractions to discuss in depth. Saman dance is a complex art starting from its body movements, musical instruments, and verses of songs used to accompany Saman dance. Not only that but the value contained therein, and the implied meaning can be implemented into learning. The result of this research is that the role of Saman dance learning implemented in elementary schools actively helps students form their social skills well and practice every Saman dance movement. Social skills that grow in learners are formed when doing Saman dance activities with the cooperation and building cohesiveness between one student and another. Implementing saman dance art activities for elementary school-age children helps children interact with others. This research was conducted by collecting data from several sources, such as previous research journals, and then analyzing the data from these journals. The subjects in this study are elementary school-age children and teachers, especially class teachers. Thus, this study aims to foster and improve the social skills of elementary school-age children by applying Saman dance learning in elementary schools. Sensitivity to interact socially will help children's basic social skills improve much better than before.
Implementasi Teori Belajar Humanisme Dalam Pembelajaran PAI Kelas VII Di SMP Diponegoro Depok Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Aulia Mawardi Ferika , Sabarudin Sabarudin
Published: January 2024

Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui baimana bentuk implementasi pembelajaran humanistic diprakarsai oleh Carl R Rogers tentang pembelajaran agama Islam dengan penerapan teori humanisme di SMP Diponegoro, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Pada kenyataannya bentuk implementasi ini sangat penting sangat penting karena dapat membentuk peserta didik memiliki sikap bersosial tinggi, saling menghargai, memupuk kebersamaaan dan ukhuwah Islamiyah sehingga pendidikan di sekolah dapat memahami potensi yang dimiliki oleh siswa tidak hanya bidang kognitif tetapi lebih ditekankan dalam aspek sosial.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Diponegoro Depok Sleman Yogyakarta dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh penerapan teori ini telah bermanfaat bagi perkembangan belajar siswa di sekolah. Pada kenyataannya, tenaga pendidik atau guru di SMP Diponegoro sudah sedikit banyak menerapkan teori humanisme terkait dalam pengembangan materi PAI guna meningkatkan rasa peduli peserta didik dengan sesama teman dan lingkungan sekolah yang ada. Dilakukan dengan Dalam penelitian lapangan, pendekatan kualitatif digunakan, bersama dengan pendekatan deskriptif untuk mencoba menjelaskan serta mengidentifikasi secara mendalam terkait bagaimana pengimplementasian teori dalam belajar secara humanistik oleh Carl R Rogers tentang pembelajaran agama Islam dengan penerapan teori humanisme di Strategi guru PAI SMP Diponegoro khususnya dalam menyikapi peserta didik yang terus mengikuti perkembangan zaman saat ini yaitu dengan cara pendekatan setiap individu agar tidak terlalu larut kebiasaan-kebiasaan yang kurang baik  dan yang paling terpenting ialah setiap guru di sekolah guru PAI khususnya memberikan keteladanan atau pembiasaan berperilaku baik dalam beraktifitas di lingkungan sekolah. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi terkais kasus yang terjadi di lingkungan SMP Diponegoro Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. Data penelitiaan diperoleh menggunakan responden seorang guru yang mengajar mata pelajaran PAI dan telah mengimplementasikan teori humanistik didalam pembelajaran di sekolah
Analisis Kompetensi Guru Sekolah Dasar Dalam Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Digital
Authors: Silvester Silvester , Purnasari Pebria Dheni , Saputro Totok Victor Didik , Jesica Melania
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kompetensi guru Sekolah Dasar dalam mengimplementasikan pembelajaran berbasis digital, yang ditinjau dari keterampilan, pemahaman, konsep dan pendekatan guru terhadap media digital dan penggunaan teknologi digital dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan analisis kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi yang dilakukan bersama responden. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik analisis data yang dikembangkan oleh Miles dan Huberman yaitu reduction, data display, dan conclusion drawing. Keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di SDN 03 Bengkayang menunjukan bahwa pemahaman guru terhadap teknologi digital masih tergolong kurang mahir khususnya dalam menggunakan perangkat digital dan aplikasi digital. Dalam kegiatan pembelajaran para guru masih menggunakan media konvensional, belum mengimplementasikan media pembelajaran berbasis digital. Hal ini karena kemampuan, pemahaman dan keterampilan guru dalam menggunakan perangkat dang aplikasi digital masih kurang.
Analisis Kesalahan Penggunaan Ejaan Surat Resmi di Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo Tahun 2022
Authors: Subangun Subangun
Published: January 2024

Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo sebagai perguruan tinggi besar di Kabupaten Ponorogo menggunakan surat untuk berkomunikasi baik internal maupun eksternal. Salah satu unsur penting dalam penulisan surat adalah penggunaan ejaan, Pedoman Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia (PUEBI) harus dijadikan pedoman dalam penulisan surat resmi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk kesalahan pemakaian EYD, khususnya pemakaian huruf kapital dan pemakaian tanda baca, khususnya  tanda baca titik, koma, dan titik dua dalam surat resmi di Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo tahun 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dengan studi dokumentasi dan teknik analisis data dengan teknik kajian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, dalam surat resmi yang dikeluarkan Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo tahun 2022 ditemukan bentuk kesalahan pemakaian huruf kapital pada penulisan lampiran surat, perihal surat, alamat tujuan, salam, isi surat, identitas pengirim, dan tembusan surat. Tipe kesalahan pemakaian huruf kapital dalam isi surat meliputi kesalahan penulisan nama dokumen resmi, kata umum, kata tugas, kata sifat Tuhan, akronim, nama tempat, dan lambang bilangan.  Sementara itu, dalam penggunaan tanda baca titik ditemukan bentuk kesalahan pada penulisan singkatan nama tahun, singkatan gelar akademik, nama resmi lembaga, nama dokumen resmi, dan satuan mata uang. Dalam penulisan tanda baca koma ditemukan kesalahan pada pemisahan anak kalimat yang mendahului induk kalimat, pemerincian, penanda penghubung kalimat, dan  pemisahan predikat yang mendahului subjek. Adapun dalam penggunaan tanda baca titik dua ditemukan kesalahan pada pemakaian titik dua yang mendahului keterangan tujuan, keterangan waktu, keterangan penjelas, dan mendahului nomor dokumen.
Comparative analysis of profitability and efficiency of conventional and organic pea production: A case of Northwestern Himalayas
Authors: Thakur Niyati , Sharma Ravinder , Perumal Anbukkani , Klate Anshuman , Sharma Shilpa , Sharma Ajit
Published: January 2024

The cultivation of vegetables serves as a vital pillar in horticulture, offering an alternative avenue towards achieving economic sustainability. Unfortunately, farmers often lack adequate knowledge on optimizing resource utilization, which subsequently results in low productivity. Furthermore, there has been insufficient research conducted on the comparative profitability and efficient use of resources for pea cultivation. So, the present study was conducted to examine the profitability and resource use efficiency of conventional and organic pea production in Northwestern Himalayan state. Using the technique of purposive sampling, the districts and villages were selected based on the highest area. By using simple random sampling, a sample of 100 farmers was selected, out of which 50 were organic growers and 50 were inorganic growers, who were further categorized as marginal and small. The cost incurred was higher for the cultivation of inorganic vegetable crops, whereas returns and output-input ratio was higher in organic cultivation. The cultivation of peas revealed that the majority of inputs were being underutilized, and there was a need for proper reallocation of the resources, which would result in enhanced production. Further, major problems in the cultivation of vegetable crops were a high wage rate, a lack of organic certification, a shortage of skilled labour and a lack of technical knowledge.
Improvements in swine herd biosecurity reduce the incidence risk of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in breeding herds in the Midwestern United States
Authors: Dee Scott , Brands Lisa , Nerem Joel , Schelkopf Adam , Spronk Gordon , Kikuti Mariana , Corzo Cesar , Havas Karyn
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a significant disease of swine. The purpose of this study was to determine whether application of a comprehensive, science-based approach to breeding herd biosecurity, known as next-generation biosecurity (NGB), could reduce PRRS incidence risk across a large commercial production company.

ANIMALS

Pigs (381,404 sows across 76 breeding herds).

METHODS

From 2009 to 2020, the annual incidence risk of PRRS in sow farms managed by the same company averaged 33%, ranging from 20% to 50%. To measure the effect of NGB on PRRS incidence risk, a retrospective cohort study was conducted from July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023, across breeding herds managed by the same company. During the analysis, 2 groups of herds emerged: those that implemented protocols for all phases of NGB (NGB COMPLETE), and those that implemented all described protocols of biosecurity except for air filtration (NGB INCOMPLETE).

RESULTS

During the 2-year assessment period, 56 breeding herds were classified as NGB COMPLETE, while 20 herds were NGB INCOMPLETE. The PRRS incidence risk in NGB COMPLETE herds was 8.9% as compared to 40.0% in NGB INCOMPLETE herds. From disease year 1 (July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2022) and disease year 2 (July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023), system-wide PRRS incidence risk was 8.6% and 9.2%, respectively. The association between NGB status and PRRS incidence risk for the 2-year period was statistically significant at a P value of .006.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results of the present report provided evidence that improvements in biosecurity result in lower PRRS incidence risk under large-scale commercial swine production conditions.
Machining of TiAl6V4 Using Lubricants Containing Renewable Microalgae-Born Performance Additives
Authors: Koch Thomas , Wenzel Dominik , Gläbe Ralf
Published: January 2024

Titanium and its alloys represent a special class of materials. A density of 4.81 g/cm3, a tensile strength of over 1,200 MPa, a fatigue strength greater than that of steel, a low modulus of elasticity and its self-passivating, inert surface make titanium an ideal material for lightweight structures in aerospace, marine applications, the chemical industry and medical implants. Although titanium is inert in its oxidised state, its nascent surface created in machining reacts with almost everything in its environment, including the tool. Moreover, its poor thermal conductivity results in high thermal stress on the tools. Overall, these properties lead to high wear rates and result in the requirement for finding a particularised solution for processes such as milling that involve the need to overcome such challenges. Such processes therefore require lubricants with well-selected performance additives. However, most of these performance additives are based on mineral oil and thus come from a non-renewable resource. In the presented work, environmental-friendly alternatives to conventional mineral oil-based performance additives were investigated. Due to the working mechanisms of performance additives in machining, this work focusses on sulphur- and phosphorus-containing polysaccharides and proteins from microalgae. It has been successfully shown that lubricants using extracts from microalgae as performance additives can be used for high-speed milling (HSC) of TiAl6V4. The investigated extracts were able to reach the performance level of conventional additives in terms of tool lifetime and wear. The results obtained show that appropriate alternatives to mineral oil-based additives exist from renewable raw-material sources.
Fuzzy Based Supervision Approach in the Event of Rotational Speed Inversion in an Induction Motor
Authors: Hatem Bellahsene Noura Rezika
Published: January 2024

This article aims to implement the fuzzy control for an asynchronous motor after a general representation of the vector control. We develop MAMDANI type fuzzy algorithm for MAS speed regulation; it’s one purpose is to cancel static error, decrease overshoot, decrease response time, and rise time to obtain an adequate response of the process and regulation and to have a precise, fast, stable and robust system. This paper investigates the design of a fuzzy-based approach for monitoring the inversion of the rotational speed of an induction motor. We will indeed present a robust vector control technique ex-tended to blur in the event of a fault. Direct torque control is known to produce fast and robust response in the AC drive system. However, in a steady state, a rapid and unexpected change in speed can occur which could be dangerous. The performance of the conventional PID controller can be improved by implementing fuzzy logic techniques. The first step is the modelling of the whole system, including the capacitors, the induction generator and the loads. The model is obtained using the Park transformation. The results are thus compared with those of the standard PID control. This approach is applied to a three-phase asynchronous motor (LS90Lz). The presented study improves the transient response time and the precision of the servo system. An inversion of the reference speed of rotation is considered, and the results are very convincing.
A Fractional Study of MHD Casson Fluid Motion With Thermal Radiative Flux and Heat Injection/Suction Mechanism Under Ramped Wall Condition: Application of Rabotnov Exponential Kernel
Authors: Rehman Aziz Ur , Jarad Fahd , Riaz Muhammad Bilal
Published: January 2024

The primary objective of this research is to extend the concept of fractionalized Casson fluid flow. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) natural convective flow of Casson fluid is conducted, focusing on obtaining analytical solutions using the non-integer-order derivative known as the Yang–Abdel-Aty–Cattani (YAC) operator. The YAC operator utilized in this research possesses a more generalized exponential kernel. The fluid flow is examined in the vicinity of an infinitely vertical plate with a characteristic velocity denoted as u
0. The mathematical modelling of the problem incorporates partial differential equations, incorporating Newtonian heating and ramped conditions. To facilitate the analysis, a suitable set of variables is introduced to transform the governing equations into a dimensionless form. The Laplace transform (LT) is then applied to the fractional system of equations, and the obtained results are presented in series form and also expressed in terms of special functions. The study further investigates the influence of relevant parameters, such as α, β, Pr
, Q, Gr, M, Nr
and K, on the fluid flow to reveal interesting findings. A comparison of different approaches reveals that the YAC method yields superior results compared to existing operators found in the literature. Graphs are generated to illustrate the outcomes effectively. Additionally, the research explores the limiting cases of the Casson and viscous fluid models to derive the classical form from the YAC fractionalized Casson fluid model.
Boundaries of management performance measures (MPMs) disclosed in primary financial statements prepared in accordance with new standard planned to supersede IAS 1
Authors: Maruszewska Ewa Wanda , Tuszkiewicz Maciej Andrzej
Published: January 2024

We outline the management performance measures (MPMs)' boundaries based on the upcoming introduction of MPM's definition to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The literature investigates business performance measures concentrating on managers' needs, while IFRS aims to provide financial information to external users who provide resources to the entity. This indicates a gap between how performance metrics have been investigated so far and how IFRS will adopt them. We used analysis of the exposure draft of the planned standard together with working materials developed in the consultation process. Further, a case study is presented. Results show that the scope of MPM to be introduced to IFRS is limited compared to the broad spectrum of performance measures presented in the literature. We contribute by showing the avenues for future performance measures research using signalling and agency theory and by indicating the limited scope of MPMs and thus bound prospects for using them for a full assessment of the entity‘s performance.
Structure and Properties of Cationic Chitosan Derivative Modified Bombyx mori
Authors: Minghui Xiao , Wei Zhang , Xinlan Dai , Jinjie Zhou
Published: January 2024

Cationic modification of silk fabric can highly improve its antibacterial property, but cationic modification may change the microstructure of silk fiber, and further affect its properties, thus O-methyl acrylamide quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan (NMA-HTCC), which is a kind of strong cationic chitosan derivative, was used for the modification on Bombyx mori silk fiber. The combination structure between NMA-HTCC and silk fiber was characterized by FT-IR. The surface morphology and structure of silk fiber after being treated by NMA-HTCC were investigated by SEM and XPS analysis. The crystalline structure and thermal stability of silk fibers before and after being treated were determined by XRD and DSC analysis, respectively. Then the breaking strength, breaking elongation and antibacterial properties of the silk yarns were also determined. The results indicated that the NMA-HTCC modified silk fiber clearly showed two characteristic absorption peaks at 1535 cm-1 and 1670 cm-1 due to the N-H bending and C=O stretch of the secondary amide in the acrylamidomethyl group of the NMA-HTCC molecule. The successful combination of NMA-HTCC and silk fiber was also confirmed by XPS and SEM analysis. Compared with the untreated silk sample, the diffracted intensity of the characteristic absorption peak and crystallinity of the NMA-HTCC modified silk fiber were both increased; the internal aggregation structure of the silk fiber treated with NMA-HTCC was much closer and its thermal stability was enhanced obviously. The breaking strength and elongation of silk fibers after being treated with NMA-HTCC were also significantly increased. Silk fibers treated with NMA-HTCC had excellent durable antibacterial properties against S. aureus and E. coli, even after 50 repeated launderings, with the bacterial reduction rate of the silk fibers maintained at over 95 %. The results in this research can provide the theoretical basis for the application of NMA-HTCC in the modifications of silk fabric.
Steel-Concrete Composite Bridge Diagnostics and Reconstruction
Authors: Vanova Patricia , Kusnir Stefan , Dubecky Daniel , Harabinova Slavka , Orolin Peter , Kvocak Vincent , Lavko Martin
Published: January 2024

Many bridges in Slovakia are reaching their designed life span these days. Due to frequent errors during the construction of those bridges as well as bad maintenance, steel-concrete bridges are now in a critical state and urgent repairs of those structures are needed. In this article progressive methods of retrofitting existing concrete bridges are shown. In the presented method, the original pillars and original bridge deck will remain in their place, and on the existing deck new composite, steel-concrete bridge deck with encased steel members of progressive shape will be created. This method brings significant cost reduction for such retrofitting and enables the application of increased loads on the bridge.
The antinematicidal activity of vitamin E and its derivatives on Sterinernema feltieae
Authors: Khairan Khairan , Idroes Rinaldi , Murniana Murniana , Diah Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Vitamin E is found naturally in some foods, and also available as a dietary supplement. "Vitamin E" is the fat-soluble compounds with distinctive antioxidant activities. The vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, which protects cell membranes. Sterinernema feltieae was selected as a test organism is because this organism is a complex organism and can be used as a model for whole organisms. The objective of this study is to evaluate the activity of vitamin E and its derivatives on Sterinernema feltieae. The results showed that the derivative of vitamin E (C37H55NO3) was most active against S. feltiae with the LD50 value was 207.77 μM, followed by vitamin E (C29H50O2) with the LD50 value was 209.09 μM. These results indicated that derivative of vitamin E (C37H55NO3) exerts more potent toxicity than vitamin E against Sterinernema feltieae.
Der Organismus
Authors: Wunderlich Karin
Published: January 2024

Der „Organismus“ ist ein grundlegender, aber in vieler Hinsicht nicht expliziter Begriff im Personzentrierten Ansatz. Um ihm klarere Konturen zu verleihen und ein genaueres Verständnis seiner Rolle im personzentrierten Denken sowie der daraus resultierenden Konsequenzen für die Praxis zu gewinnen, werden bestehende Definitionen, seine Entwicklung im Personzentrierten Ansatz, wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Kontexte und Hintergründe, seine Bedeutung als Bild und Metapher sowie einige seiner wesentlichen Funktionen und Eigenschaften untersucht.
Fragmente „en gros et en détail“ zum Thema ethische Fragen im psychotherapeutischen Alltag
Authors: Brossi Rosina
Published: January 2024

Seit den neunziger Jahren haben Psychotherapie- und Berufsverbände verbindliche Regeln in Form von Berufscodes oder ethischen Richtlinien erlassen, in denen die Rahmenbedingungen von Psychotherapie festgehalten sind. Beschwerdereglemente geben darüber Auskunft, wie bei der Verletzung ethischer Regeln vorgegangen und sanktioniert werden soll. Darüber hinaus braucht es aber Überlegungen und Angebote, die Psychotherapeutinnen und Psychotherapeuten für ihre ethische Verantwortung sensibilisieren und sie darin unterstützen, diese selbstverantwortlich zu übernehmen. Sie sollen Hintergrundwissen erlangen und Werkzeuge in die Hand bekommen, um ethische Dilemmata erkennen und lösen zu können. Die folgenden Fragmente möchten dazu anregen. Nach einem Streifzug durch die Moralphilosophie, Entwicklungspsychologie und Bindungstheorie werden die in den ethischen Richtlinien der pca.acp Schweiz enthaltenen ethischen Prinzipien herausgeschält, und es wird erläutert, wie diese zur Klärung ethischer Dilemmata genutzt werden können. Beispiele werden beschrieben und es wird über das in der schweizerischen Weiterbildung angebotene Ethikseminar berichtet. Dabei zeigt sich, wie zentral tragende, einfühlsame Beziehungen sind, in denen wir in unserer Moralentwicklung wie auch in unserem ethischen Handeln in der Psychotherapie begleitet werden.
Evaluation of Self-Care in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: BİLTEKİN Songül , KILIÇ Züleyha , GÜVEN Şefika Dilek
Published: January 2024

Aim: This descriptive study aimed to evaluate self-care in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Material and Methods: The study was conducted with 151 individuals who were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy in an

ophthalmology clinic of a city hospital, met the specified criteria and admitted to participate in the research. A questionnaire form and

Diabetes Self-Care Scale (DSCS) were used to collect data.

Results: In this study, the mean DSCS score of patients with diabetic retinopathy was found as 94.2±23.7. There is a weak negative

correlation between the DSCS score and fasting and postprandial plasma glucose (p0.05).

Conclusion: In this study self-care scores of patients with diabetic retinopathy were observed to be acceptable and high level. A weak

negative correlation was determined between DSCS scores and fasting and postprandial blood glucose. It is recommended to evaluate

patients with diabetic retinopathy in a holistic manner, determine their self-care levels, and make plans and practices to improve their

self-care.
Evaluation of Early Diagnosis via Some Blood Parameters in Alzheimer Type Dementia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: TEKİN Esra , KÜÇÜK Ayşegül , CANBAZ KABAY Sibel
Published: January 2024

Aim: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease with cognitive loss, which does not have a curative treatment and a bloodbased

biomarker to make a definitive diagnosis. There is a strong relationship between Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte, platelet-lymphocyte and monocyte-lymphocyte ratios are recommended parameters as inflammation markers.

It was aimed to compare blood parameters and their ratios to each other in terms of their potential to provide early diagnosis in patients

with Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Material and Methods: 80 healthy controls, 47 type 2 diabetes mellitus and 45 Alzheimer's type dementia patients were included in this

study. Various blood parameters and their ratios to each other were scanned. One way ANOVA and post hoc Scheffe tests were used for

statistical analysis.

Results: Serum iron levels were lower in type 2 diabetes mellitus (53.21±29.28 μg/dL) and Alzheimer’s disease (61.26±21.69 μg/dL)

groups compared to the control (76.96±30.99 μg/dL) (p=0.001). Lymphocyte numbers were lower in type 2 diabetes mellitus (1.94±0.79

count.10³) and Alzheimer’s disease (1.84±0.68 count.10³) groups compared to the control (2.25±1.03 count.10³) (p=0.032). Monocytelymphocyte

ratio were significantly higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus (0.3±0.18) and Alzheimer’s disease (0.28±0.11) groups compared

to the control (0.24±0.1) (p=0.039).

Conclusion: The high monocyte-lymphocyte ratio can be considered as an indicator of systemic inflammation in Alzheimer's disease

and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, serum iron levels, lymphocyte numbers and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio as inflammation

markers can be useful for the early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Beslenme Alışkanlıkları ve Psikopatolojik Semptomların Tip 2 Diyabet Riski ile İlişkisi
Authors: KUL Yağmur , ÇARIKÇI Fatma , AKTAŞ Eda , AYKANAT GİRGİN Burcu
Published: January 2024

Amaç: Üniversite öğrencilerinin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarını göstermeleri ve diyabet riski konusunda farkındalık kazanmaları

önemlidir. Araştırma üniversite öğrencilerinin diyabet risklerinin belirlenerek, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve psikopatolojik semptomlarının

tip 2 diyabet riski ile ilişkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel araştırma tipinde gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma 10 Mart-10 Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında bir vakıf üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 869 öğrenci ile

gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler; Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Tip 2 Diyabet Risk Değerlendirme Formu-FINDRISK, Beslenme Alışkanlıkları İndeksi

ve DUKE Sağlık Profili Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzde sayı dağılımı, Kolmogorov Smirnov testi, bağımsız

örneklem t testi, One Way ANOVA ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Katılımcıların %81,4’ü (n=707) kadın ve %88,1’i (n=766) 18-24 yaş arasındadır. Katılımcıların Tip 2 Diyabet Risk Skoru puan

ortalaması 6,53±3,71; Beslenme Alışkanlıkları İndeksi puan ortalaması 11,08±3,55; DUKE Sağlık Profili fonksiyonel alt boyut puan

ortalaması 323,85±87,51 ve disfonksiyonel alt boyut puan ortalaması 344,37±86,36 olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların %11,3’ünün orta

ve yüksek diyabet risk düzeyine sahip olduğu; ekonomik durumunun kötü olduğunu bildiren, kronik hastalığı olan, hastalığı nedeniyle

diyet tedavisi uygulayan ve yaşı≥46 yıl olan; beden kütle indeksine göre obez ve bel çevresi normalin üzerinde olan katılımcıların diyabet

risk puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların Tip 2 Diyabet Risk Skoru puanı ile Beslenme Alışkanlıkları

İndeksi arasında pozitif yönde ve zayıf derecede (p=0,005, r=0,122); Tip 2 Diyabet Risk Skoru puanı ile DUKE Sağlık Profili Ölçeği alt

boyutları arasında ise negatif yönde zayıf derecede anlamlı bir ilişkinin bulunduğu belirlenmiştir (p
Medical Treatment in Obesity
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA ALTUNTAŞ Seher
Published: January 2024

The main aim of obesity management is to improve health. Weight loss of 5-10% or more provides improvement in obesity and obesityrelated

comorbid diseases (Type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, fatty liver disease, etc.) as well as an increase in quality

of life. As with all chronic diseases, obesity management requires a multidisciplinary approach. Individual treatment should be targeted.

Obesity treatment consists of lifestyle changes, medical treatment, and bariatric surgery. Until today, many drugs have worked with

the aspect of appetite reduction and energy expenditure through the nervous system. However, many drugs have been withdrawn

due to safety concerns. In recent years, drugs with gut-based incretin mechanisms of action have attracted considerable interest.

The first approved glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1) analog liraglutide is promising. As a new treatment, the GLP-1

analog semaglutide 2.4 mg weekly is approved for the treatment of obesity. Another new treatment, tirzepatide, the first dual GLP-1/

glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GIP) analog, has achieved up to 20% weight loss in obese patients and has also shown positive

cardiovascular outcomes. Although promising, there is no comparative study of new effective obesity drugs with bariatric surgery,

which is currently known as the most effective method, with weight loss up to 25%. Today, as the pathophysiogenesis of obesity is better

understood, newer, safer molecules will continue to emerge. In this review, current information about the current and future medical

treatments for obesity will be discussed.
Prevalence and associated risk factors of postpartum depression in India: A comprehensive review
Authors: Panolan Sajna , Thomas M Benson
Published: January 2024

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a psychological illness that affects women following delivery. According to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR), PPD is a serious form of depression that begins four weeks following birth and continues for one year. Pregnancy and the period after delivery can be hazardous for women. Mothers undergo significant biological, emotional, financial, and societal changes during this time. Some women are predisposed to mental health disorders such as melancholy and worry. Many postpartum women do not acknowledge the seriousness of their condition, and many depressed mothers go untreated. Untreated PPD is harmful to both the mother and the newborn. The exact cause of PPD is unclear; however, hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy and childbirth, genetic susceptibility, birth trauma as well as psychosocial and demographic factors may serve as potential risk factors. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of PPD in India. The review evaluates English language literature on PPD using Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases searched electronically between 2000 and 2022. The keywords “postpartum depression,” or “postnatal depression,” and “prevalence,” and “causes,” and “risk factors,” or “predisposing factors,” or “predictive factors” were used to search the database. The prevalence of PPD varies in different geographical regions and study settings. In India, the overall prevalence of PPD is 22%. However, the greatest prevalence was in the southern regions (26%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 19–32) and the lowest in the northern regions (15%; 95% CI: 10–21). This study outlines the burden of PPD in India. Comprehensive intervention programs should be implemented to address the disease at a national level. The national authorities should incorporate PPD screening in the National Mental Health Program and emphasize health promotion activities.
Hump on head: Rare case of bi-frontal fibrous dysplasia
Authors: Singla Kunal , Goyal Nishant , Mittal Pulkit , Qamer Zahed Ali , Chaturvedi Jitender , Kumar Arvind
Published: January 2024

Background:

FD is relatively rare in the craniofacial region, accounting for only 20% of all cases. Currently, two general subtypes of FD are recognized: monostotic and polyostotic. The monostotic form is more frequent, accounting for 75% to 80% of fibrous dysplasia cases.

Case Description:

An 18-year-old male presented with the complaint of bony-hard swelling over the forehead for 8 years. Radiology showed an expansile osseous lesion involving frontal bones. The patient underwent bi-frontal craniectomy with gross total resection of tumour mass with titanium mesh cranioplasty. His postoperative period was uneventful and was discharged on the seventh postoperative day.

Conclusion:

The cases of monostotic skull fibrous dysplasia should be treated by resection of the affected bone and cranioplasty. However, a more conservative re-contouring may be carried out in cases with multifocal involvement or when the excision is considered risky due to proximity to the major venous sinuses.
Inmunotoxicidad y daño lisosomal en la ostra Pinctada imbricata (Röding 1758) expuesta a lubricantes usados de motores de automóviles
Authors: Zapata Vivenes Edgar Alexander , Sanchez Gabreial , Marcano Leida
Published: January 2024

En este estudio se evaluaron los efectos que ocasiona la exposición a fracciones acuosas de lubricantes usados de motores de automóviles (Faluma) sobre parámetros hematológicos, sistema inmune, estabilidad de la membrana lisosomal de hemocitos y niveles peroxidaciónlipídica y lisozimas en la glándula digestiva de la ostra perla Pinctada imbricada. Las ostras fueron expuestas a 0, 1, 10 y 20 % v/v de Faluma durante diferentes períodos: 3, 5 y 7 días, en sistema estático de acuarios bajo condiciones controladas (oxigenación 6 mg/L; 25 ± 1 °C; pH 8.0 y 36 ‰). Durante el período temprano de exposición fue observado un aumento en el número total de hemocitos (NTH) de ostras expuestas a 10 % de Faluma. En ostras expuestas a 20 % al séptimo día se observó un descenso en los parámetros inmunohematológicos, asociados a una elevada desestabilización de la membrana lisosomal y contenido de malondialdehido (MDA). Las ostras mostraron respuestas celulares compensatorias a bajas  concentraciones de Faluma, resultando mermadas durante la exposición aguda. Se evidenciaron efectos immunomodulatorios inducidos por la mezcla de compuestos xenobióticos contentivos en Faluma. Las respuestas moleculares e inmunecelulares estimadas en P. imbricada pueden suministrar información sobre los cambios en la fisiología normal de organismos que habitanambientes impactados por mezclas complejas de xenobióticos.