bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF FICUS RACEMOSA LEAVES
Authors:   Progressive Education Societys Modern College of Pharmacy Sector no. 21, Yamunanagar, Nigdi Pune-411044, Maharashtra, India., Londhe V.P , Nipate S. S , Tiwari A.H. , Chaudhari P.D.
Published: October 2021

Ficus racemosa (Family: Moracae) is a prominent plant in India and it was embedded in traditional medicinal texts of India as a wound healer. Hence to study its wound healing assets, the ethanolic leaves extract was studied on animals. Excision and incision wound models were used to study wound healing activity. For both models, extract was given in the form of ointment (5% and 10 % w/w). In the excision model, all extract treated animals showed significant (P<0.01) increase in percentage wound contraction. The incision wound model showed significant (P<0.01) increase in breaking strength when compared to control. In biochemical parameter, hydroxyproline level was significantly (P<0.01) increased in all drugs treated groups as compared to control in the excision wound model. Histopathological study also showed good regeneration of skin compared to control. Phytochemical study of the leaves showed presence of flovonoids and tannins which might be the key constituents for the wound healing activity.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ROTULA AQUATICA LOUR. ROOTS
Authors:   College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003 Andhra Pradesh, India., Shyam T. , Ganapaty S
Published: October 2021

Four compounds viz α-amyrin, β- amyrin, bauerenol and ellagic acid were isolated from the methanolic extract of Rotula aquatica roots. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis and chemical evidence. The extract was evaluated for hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxic model at a dose levels of 200,400 and 800 mg/ kg body weight and compared with that of the standard silymarin (25mg/kg body weight). It showed good hepatoprotective activity in a dose dependent manner. The extract was also screened for antimicrobial activity against various types of organisms like bacteria and fungi.
ANTIMICROBIAL AND POWDER CHARACTERIZATION OF HERBAL DENTIFRICES
Authors: Sharma V. K , Mazumder B. , Sharma P. P. ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Ayurved and Medical Sciences Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar-249404, India.
Published: October 2021

The consumption of edible products strongly recommends the regular hygiene of oral cavity. Various dental products of allopathic and herbal origin are used as dentifrices. The dentifrices are considered safe and effective in terms of cleansing effect of oral cavity and antimicrobial effect against microbes causing bad smell and diseases such as gingivitis, pyorrhea etc. These characteristics of preparations are basically related to physicochemical properties of ingredients present in their composition and some how on directions of their use. In the present study, the marketed allopathic dentifrices coded as Brand I and II and herbal tooth powders coded as Brand III and IV were selected to analyze the impact of physicochemical properties of incorporated ingredients on their cleansing efficiency. The physicochemical characteristics studied were pH, bulk volume, tapped volume, tapped density, bulk density, true density, porosity, flowability, compressibility, compactability, cohesiveness, dispersability, Carr’s index, Hausner’s ratio, water soluble content, alcohol soluble content, foaming index, particle rearrangement behaviour and particle rearrangement constant. The antimicrobial effect of these powders was studied against Staphylococcus sorbinus, Staphylococcus salivarius and Lactobacillus acidophilus. It was observed that some of the physicochemical properties of all powders were different from each other. Marked antimicrobial effect of tooth powders was observed against pathogens. In all preparations, remarkable foaming index was analyzed that was generally considered responsible for cleansing effect.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LIPID BASED SELF EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF GLIMEPIRIDE
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy B.G Nagara 571448 Karnataka, India., Sneha Latha K , Kiran Kumar G. B , Mohammed G. A , Chowdary S.K , Sowmya J.
Published: October 2021

Aim of the present investigation was to develop lipid based self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) to improve bioavailability of glimepiride. Glimepiride is a class II molecule according to BCS (Biopharmaceutical Classification System), having low solubility. Optimized self-emulsifying drug delivery system of glimepiride comprising oil (oleic acid), surfactant (Tween 80®) and co-surfactant (PEG 200®) was prepared. Optimized SEDDS of glimepiride showed increase in dissolution rate. It was concluded that the formulation was found to be showing significant improvement in terms of the drug release with complete release of drug within 18 minutes. Thus, self-emulsifying formulation of glimepiride was successfully developed.
Community Land Rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): A Summary of 2020 Analyses
Authors:   Rights and Resources Initiative
Published: October 2021

This summary highlights findings of three RRI studies conducted in 2020 as they relate to the DRC. This document explains what these three studies mean for the DRC and aims to equip local communities and civil society organizations (CSOs) with data to advance their advocacy work to influence future reforms, and help the government, donors, private sector actors, and conservationists make informed decisions.
Compétences professionnelles et transfert des apprentissages des directions d’établissement en formation universitaire : une exploration franco-manitobaine
Authors: Archambault Hélène Louise , Dumouchel Gabriel
Published: October 2021

Cette recherche a pour objectifs d’identifier les compétences professionnelles développées par des étudiants ayant suivi le programme de maîtrise en éducation avec spécialisation en administration scolaire de l’Université de Saint-Boniface et de distinguer les conditions facilitantes et inhibantes au transfert des apprentissages. Pour ce faire, cette recherche utilise une méthodologie qualitative centrée sur le journal de bord et l’entrevue individuelle semi-dirigée. Les résultats indiquent qu’un ensemble de compétences professionnelles développées par les directions d’établissement scolaire en cours de formation favoriseraient une transformation de leurs pratiques quotidiennes. La discussion souligne différentes conditions facilitant le transfert des apprentissages afin de mieux comprendre cette transformation des pratiques.

Mots-clés : formation en administration scolaire, compétences professionnelles, transfert d’apprentissage, direction d’école, réussite scolaire des élèves
Using Multiple-Mini-Interviews for Admission into Teacher Education
Authors: Salingré Barbara , MacMath Sheryl
Published: October 2021

This article reports on the validity of the Multiple-Mini-Interview (MMI) method as it was used by a post-degree teacher education program as part of their admissions process to select candidates for entry into the program. The MMI, primarily used for medical school admittance, involves several stations with different interviewers. Comparisons were made between the MMI, other intake variables, and outtake measures. Quantitative analyses also examined possible interviewer, station, gender, and heritage effects. Results support the claim that the MMI can be used to measure dispositions not measured by other intake variables; however, some concerns did emerge.

Keywords: multiple-mini-interview, teacher education, admission processes, higher education
Zine Production with Queer Youth and Pre-Service Teachers in New Brunswick, Canada: Exploring Connections, Divergences, and Visual Practices
Authors: Burkholder Casey , Hamill Katie , Thorpe Amelia
Published: October 2021

Queer, trans, and non-binary youth navigate school spaces punctuated by erasures, silences, and oppression, and resist these experiences through solidarity-building, activism, and art practice. In this article, we seek to centre experiences of school and society as important spheres of inquiry through participatory visual research with queer, trans, and non-binary young people (ages 12 to 17) and pre-service teachers and community educators (ages 22 to 40) in Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada. Using an intersectional lens, we consider how intersecting power structures—gender, race, class, and disability—produce unequal impacts in relation to school and social experiences in New Brunswick. Centring youth agency, we position youth as knowledge producers through participatory visual methods of inquiry, including the making of zines (DIY print productions). With youth and pre-service teachers, through inquiry into existing and desired school and social experiences, we seek to make visual the practice of intergenerational solidarity building through zine production.

Keywords: participatory visual research, queer, trans and non-binary youth, pre-service teachers, zines
Instrumentation numérique de la rédaction incrémentale : leçons tirées de la mise à l’épreuve du carnet numérique de l’élève chercheur
Authors: Cisel Matthieu , Barbier Charlotte
Published: October 2021

Dans une perspective d’évaluation d’EIAH (environnements informatiques pour l’apprentissage humain), nous étudions dans cette recherche les changements de pratiques d’enseignement liés à l’utilisation, en contexte scolaire, du CNEC (carnet numérique de l’élève chercheur), une application numérique instrumentant la rédaction incrémentale entre l’enseignant et les élèves. Au prisme du concept de contradiction développé dans la théorie de l’activité d’Engeström, nous cherchons à appréhender les difficultés associées à la rédaction incrémentale. Pour cela, nous avons mené des groupes de discussion et des observations en classe, avant et après l’introduction de l’application. Nos résultats corroborent l’hypothèse selon laquelle, dans un contexte de démarche d’investigation, l’instrumentation numérique de cette approche permet de mieux réguler l’activité des élèves que l’instrumentation papier. Par ailleurs, les entretiens collectifs révèlent que le rapport que les élèves entretiennent aux erreurs s’en trouve modifié, la correction de celles-ci étant moins considérée comme une sanction. La nécessité pour l’enseignant d’investir davantage de temps dans la formulation des retours ainsi que la multiplication des instruments, avec une redondance partielle entre instruments papier et instruments numériques, permettent de croire que de nouvelles contradictions pourraient émerger avec l’utilisation d’un tel EIAH.

Mots-clés : rédaction incrémentale, EIAH, évaluation, numérique
The Case for Commemoration Controversies in Canadian History Education
Authors: Gibson Lindsay
Published: October 2021

Commemorations are events or actions that honour and memorialize significant events, people, and groups from the past. In recent years there have been numerous contentious debates about commemorations of historical events and people in countries around the world, including Canada. In this article I argue that commemoration controversies should be an essential part of teaching and learning history in K–12 schools because they have the potential to be meaningful and relevant for students, they address civic education competencies central to history and social studies curricula in Canada, and they provide rich opportunities for advancing students’ historical consciousness and historical thinking. In the final section of the article I describe how six second-order historical thinking concepts can be used to invite students to think historically about commemorations.

Keywords: historical commemorations, public history, history teaching and learning, citizenship education, history education, historical consciousness, historical thinking, social studies education
Barriers to Including Indigenous Content in Canadian Health Professions Curricula
Authors: Doria Nicole , Biderman Maya , Sinno Jad , Boudreau Jordan , Mackley Michael P. , Bombay Amy
Published: October 2021

Indigenous peoples in Canada continue to face health care inequities despite their increased risk for various negative health outcomes. Evidence suggests that health professions students and faculty do not feel their curriculum adequately prepares learners to address these inequities. The aim of this study was to identify barriers that hinder the inclusion of adequate Indigenous content in curricula across health professions programs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 faculty members at a university in Canada from various health disciplines. Employing thematic analysis, four principal barriers were identified: (1) the limited number and overburdening of Indigenous faculty, (2) the need for non-Indigenous faculty training and capacity, (3) the lack of oversight and direction regarding curricular content and training approaches, and (4) the limited amount of time in curriculum and competing priorities. Addressing these barriers is necessary to prepare learners to provide equitable health care for Indigenous peoples.

Keywords: Indigenous health, health professions, curricula, faculty perspectives, barriers, Canada
Perceptions des enseignants et des garçons à l’égard de la relation enseignant-élève au secondaire : quand les stéréotypes de genre s’immiscent en classe
Authors: Beaudoin Carl
Published: October 2021

Cet article vise à identifier les stéréotypes de genre véhiculés par les enseignants de sexe masculin et les garçons du secondaire dans leurs perceptions déclarées à l’égard de leurs relations enseignants-élèves (REÉ). Se situant dans une approche qualitative interprétative, cette étude met en évidence les propos de 18 enseignants et de 86 garçons du secondaire, collectés par le biais de trois stratégies de collecte de données, soit l’entrevue semi-dirigée, le groupe de discussion et le questionnaire d’enquête. Les données qualitatives obtenues ont été analysées à l’aide des catégories conceptualisantes. Les principaux résultats mettent en lumière que certains enseignants mentionnent communiquer ou intervenir auprès des garçons sur la base d’intérêts stéréotypés masculins. Quant aux garçons, plusieurs d’entre eux font ressortir la distanciation émotive des enseignants à leur égard.

Mots-clés : stéréotypes de genre, relation enseignant-élève, intérêts stéréotypés, masculinité traditionnelle, intervention genrée
Paradigm of Eco-Urban-Agriculture for the Sustainable City: Integrating the Concept for Urban Dhaka
Authors: Siddiqua Ayasha
Published: October 2021

The geographical location of Bangladesh is gifted with enormous natural recourse: water, alluvial land,suitable climatic conditions for bio diversity and other natural assets. The capital, Dhaka, surroundedby rivers on four sides, was once a blue-green-built environment offering a healthy living atmosphere forits habitants. The city was dotted with huge and crisscrossed water bodies, a tolerable population density,and enough open spaces. Urban and peri-urban areas of the city complemented its food demand whichsubsequently maintained the environmental equilibrium. The modern concept of eco-urban-agriculture willdefinitely be beneficial in such a dense city which is rapidly losing its livability by insensitive urbanization.This paper will describe how a city could generate food, improve health, and utilize waste by furthering theestablished urban-agriculture concept. It aims to develop an understanding of this concept in Bangladesh,particularly in the dense urban fabric of Dhaka, by discussing the theoretical background of urban agricultureand practiced models of eco-urban-agriculture in urban settings around the world.
Proposing a Conservation Management Plan for Bara Katra
Authors: Khondker Shirajom Monira , Tabassum Mehnaz
Published: October 2021

Dhaka, the capital of independent Bangladesh, since 1971 has a historical background of nearly 400 years which is expressed and traversed as a symbol of power, dignity and artistry. In this research study, the authors selected a unique historical and architectural monument of old Dhaka, named “Bara Katra”. This historical artifact bears testimony to the style and design of Mughal architecture in Bengal that served the purpose of Caravan sarai. It is undoubted that this magnificent edifice of grand scale and one of the most important historic remains play an important role to represent our cultural heritage or our glorious past. But in present day this structure is in poor condition and hidden within dense settlement. In the light of the above revealed situation, it has been felt that a conservation management plan (CMP) of Bara Katra is essentially needed to make it sustainable. This study concentrates on the accomplishment of proposing the conservation management plan for the conservation and management of outstanding historical heritage building Bara Katra of old Dhaka. The overall research study conducted here is focused on the demonstration of the possible directions of conservation strategies with degrees of intervention and action plans to integrate the artifact with the urban fabric by creating proper access and visual exposure. Therefore, the authors propose Conservation strategies including degrees of intervention and action plans for the management of this historic building on the basis of authentic documents and other historic evidences to prolong the life of the cultural heritage with own belief and historical value that lies represented by the artifacts.
Differences in Patterns and Factors Influencing Preference and Willingness to Pay for Physical Developments of a Streetscape in the Old Town of Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Lekagul Apichoke
Published: October 2021

This paper identifies the influences of the environmental and personal characteristic factors on preference and willingness to pay (WTP) for the physical development of streetscape, and the relationship between preference and WTP.  A questionnaire with computerized montage pictures portraying streetscape development solutions was used to collect data from 440 respondents in Chiang Mai.  Tobit models were formed to analyze the preference and WTP dependent variables with environmental and personal characteristic variables.  The results showed that preference was significantly influenced only by the environmental variables, while WTP was significantly influenced by preference and the personal characteristic variables.
Compensation Managers' Beliefs About Strategies That Affect Compensation Program Goals
Authors: Day Nancy
Published: October 2021

A study was conducted to investigate whether individual compensation program goals of recruitment effectiveness, motivational effectiveness, administrative manageability, cost effectiveness, retaining employees and encouraging poor performers to leave were differentially impacted by eleven compensation strategies. It was found that compensation strategies did have differential effects on perceptions of the effectiveness of the compensation goals. While participation in compensation plan design and internal consistency were the most consistent predictors, there was significant variation in the compensation strategies that were predictive across all effectiveness perception variables. Based on these results, compensation managers should carefully consider the organization’s strategy and desired employee behaviors before designing compensation programs.
Environmental Change and Management Staffing: An Empirical Examination of The Electric Utilities Industry
Authors: Subramanian Ram , Sanchez Carol
Published: October 2021

This paper examines the relationship between environmental change, changes in competitive dynamics, and top management staffing in the electric utilities industry during the period surrounding the passage of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct 92). The findings suggest that following the passage of the EPAct 92, competition in the electric utilities industry intensified, placing greater emphasis on achieving internal, firm-level efficiencies. This external environmental change and the corresponding shift in the competitive context resulted in an adjustment in the composition of the top management coalition in these firms. The dominant coalition following the EPAct 92 consisted of older managers with longer company and industry tenure who had efficiency-oriented backgrounds in operations, engineering, and accounting/finance.
Governance by Committee: The Influence of Board of Directors' Committee Composition on Corporate Performance
Authors: Ellstrand Alan , Daily Catherine , Johnson Jonathan , Dalton Dan
Published: October 2021

Although a considerable amount of attention has been devoted to examining the relationships between board of directors' composition and corporate financial performance, the vast majority of this research has focused on the board-at large. Such a focus may be unfortunate, as a great deal of board decision-making occurs at the committee level. This study examines the relationship between the composition of three important board of directors ' committees (audit, compensation, nominating) and firm performance. Relying on multiple measures of board composition, multiple measures of corporate financial performance, and multiple time periods, we find no evidence of systematic relationships between board committee composition and corporate financial performance.
Transformation of Strategic Types: An Examination of The Internal Antecedents to Organizational Change
Authors: Bamford Charles , Rogers Patrick , Miller Alex
Published: October 2021

A change in the strategic direction of an organization is usually regarded as a deliberate effort to impact firm performance. Yet empirical examinations of the drivers of organizational transformations have been inconclusive. In this study of banks, results indicate that financial performance is inversely related to a transformation of strategic type while changes in the dominant coalition are significant predictors of subsequent change in the firm's strategic type. It appears that a firm's ability to change its strategic focus is highly dependent upon it changing the membership of its Board of Directors, CEO, and its top management team.
Service Encounter Mismatches: A Conceptual Framework Integrating It and Job Design
Authors: Mechling George , Little Beverly
Published: October 2021

As the services sector becomes a larger component of our national economy, itbecomes increasingly critical that the management of service operations isaddressed systematically. One concern is the interaction of service employeesand the technology making up the job design. Effectively matching job design andtechnology leads to effective service encounters, while mismatches cause shortrunor long run problems for the organization.Organizational mismatches between job design and supporting infrastructure,specifically the information technology (IT) selected, can give rise to the use andexercise of judgment and discretion by service encounter employees that from theviewpoint of the organization or the customer is extraordinary, conflicted or perverse.Perverse judgments debilitate the organization and degrade the quality of the serviceencounter. Conflicted and extraordinary judgments ultimately debilitate theorganization and may degrade the quality of the service encounter if some customersshould perceive others as having received preferential treatment. This paper exploresdynamics in managing operations, technology, and human resources that give rise tothe exercise of such judgments with the intent to construct a conceptual frameworkthat will explain such judgments and the behaviors that issue from them.
Strategic Management of Human Resources For Global Competitive Advantage
Authors: McWilliams Abagail , Van Fleet David , Wright Patrick
Published: October 2021

This article extends the literature on the role of human resources in globalcompetitiveness by focusing on the ability of transnational firms to create asustainable competitive advantage through the strategic management of theirwork force. We focus on the ability of managers to strategically draw frommultiple human resource labor pools, creating a competitive advantage fortransnational firms vis-a-vis domestic and multinational firms. A model, whichextends the resource-based view of the firm, is developed.
Corporate Disclosure Quality and Social Performance
Authors: Riahi-Belkaoui Ahmed
Published: October 2021

Corporate audiences rate the social performance of firms by interpreting

information signals about the firms from various monitors. Of importance to

these parties are signals about corporate disclosure quality. The results of an

empirical study of large U.S. firms supported the general hypothesis that corporate

audiences rate the social performance of firms on the basis of information

about firms' corporate disclosure quality in addition to market and accounting

signals indicating the size of the assets, market assessment of the value assets in

place and rate of return on assets.
Openness and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence On The Relationship Between Output, Inward FDI, and Trade
Authors: Ekanayake E.M. , Vogel Richard , Veeramacheneni Bala
Published: October 2021

The relationship between openness and economic growth in developed anddeveloping countries has been of continuing interest in both the theoretical andempirical literature. In this paper. we employ a vector autoregressive (VAR)model and error correction techniques to test for the existence and nature of thecausal relationship between output level, inward FDI and exports across across-section of both developed and developing countries using data from 1960-2001.Our main objective is to analyze the extent and sources of internationallinkages between openness and economic performance. The evidence supportshi-directional causality between exports growth and economic growth; the economicgrowth and FDI relationship has mixed results.
A Fine-Grained Analysis of Director Dependence: Examining Board Composition In Detail
Authors: Johnson Johnathan , Ellstrand Alan , Dalton Catherine , Dalton Dan
Published: October 2021

Past corporate governance research that has incorporated the concept of directors'dependence on the CEO has operationalized dependence in numerousways, often aggregating various indicators into a single construct. We extend thisresearch with an examination of individual indicators of director dependence bypartitioning director relationships into six categories. Relying on agency theoryin combination with other organizational theories, we test hypotheses about relationshipsbetween the different categories of director dependence and the presenceof antitakeover provisions and golden parachutes. We find that reciprocatedinterlocks are positively associated, and inside directors are negatively associated.with the presence ofantitakeover provisions. Implications for theory, method.and practice are discussed.
The Impact of A Propensity For Relationalism and Market Growth On Distribution Channel Outcomes
Authors: Black Gregory , Peeples Donna
Published: October 2021

This research investigates the effects of an organization's propensity forrelationalism and its product line market growth on the distribution channeloutcomes of actual relationalism and relationship endurance. Using a sampleof 160 industrial equipment distributors, propensity for relationalism is shownto have an influence on both actual relationalism and relationship endurance.Further, evidence is found that market growth enhances the impact propensitytoward relationalism has on relationship endurance.
Corporate Social Responsibility As Institutional Hybrids
Authors: Boxenbaum Eva
Published: October 2021

This paper empirically examines the impact of societal context on constructsof corporate social responsibility (CSR). The empirical analysis is informed byneo-institutional theory, which conceptualizes CSR constructs as potential oractual institutions. A case study from the Danish business setting identifies thesteps that a project group of business actors took to develop a new CSR construct.The steps include the transfer and translation of a foreign institution in responseto a field-level problem, major events, and partial deinstitutionalization of anestablished CSR construct. The findings suggest that the new CSR construct is aninstitutional hybrid, a combination of foreign and familiar institutions that makea new CSR construct innovative, legitimate, and continuous with existing practicein the business setting. The paper proposes that CSR constructs are malleableinstitutional hybrids that are most easily implemented if tailored to the socialcontext. It concludes with implications for managers who want to select, designand implement CSR constructs in their own business settings.
Corporate Governance and The Abnormal Returns To Acquisition Announcements
Authors: Swanstrom Mark
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the relationship between a firm's corporate governancestructure and the abnormal returns associated with acquisition announcements.Based on a sample of 294 acquisitions occurring from 1994 through 1998, it isfound that acquiring firms have significant two-day abnormal returns of-2.71%.A multiple regression model that includes corporate governance variables has anAdjusted R-squared of 14.2% with board size, the sensitivity of the CEO's wealthto changes in share price, method ofpayment, and acquiring firm size all beingsignificant explanatory variables.
Ignoring Rules of Succession: How The Board Reacts To CEO Illness Announcements
Authors: Davidson III Wallace , Tong Shenghui , Worrell Dan , Rowe Wei
Published: October 2021

Rules of behavior guide decisions, and succession rules guide CEO selection.When CEO turnover is unanticipated, succession rules may not be able toguide the board. We examine unanticipated successions that occur when a CEObecomes ill or injured. These unanticipated successions are associated with agreater likelihood of former-CEO successors than when the successions areanticipated. The stock market reacts positively to former-CEO succession announcements.While this type of succession may not be consistent with successionrules, it may be consistent with their functions by reducing internal conflict andallowing directors to maintain fiduciary responsibiliy.
A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of The Strategic Value of Beyond Compliance Occupational Health and Safety Programs
Authors: Corcoran Daniel , Shackman Joshua
Published: October 2021

The present study examines the application of Resource Dependence Theoryand Institutional Theory relative to company involvement in an important voluntary,governmentally sanctioned employee safety program that goes by the acronymVPP. Utilizing this combined theory approach, the study empirically demonstrates,through a design incorporating correlation and multiple regressionanalysis, that Institutional Theory is useful for predicting program prevalencewithin a given industry, though Resource Dependence Theory complements theformer by offering an accounting of strategic firm behavior. Companies consideradoption of beyond compliance safety programs as a strategy to manage the expressionof resource control power on the part of powerful stakeholders, whileInstitutional Theory helps to explain the mechanisms by which such programsproliferate through a given institutional field.
Inter-Partner Credible Threat and The Survival of U.S.-China Joint Ventures
Authors: Duan Jason , Juma Norma
Published: October 2021

lnternational joint ventures (UVs) are perceived as essential strategic weaponsby which firms can transfer the complex complementary competencies neededfor competitive advantage within firms' core markets and technologies. Thisstudy attempts to explore the relationship of inter-partner credible threat andthe survival of UVs in China. The study found that the existence of inter-partnercredible threat, and high product relatedness between foreign parent and IJV,favorably influence the UV's long-term survival.
Assessing The Performance Impacts of Information Systems From The Resource-Based Perspective: An Empirical Test of The Indirect Effect of IS
Authors: Zhang Michael
Published: October 2021

Research into the strategic impacts of information systems (IS) from the resource-based view of competitive advantage has increasingly embraced the indirecteffect of IS on firm performance; that is, IS interact with other complementaryorganizational resources in influencing firm performance. Using both survey andarchival data, this study set out to test the indirect effect of IS and determine thecomplementary organizational resources contributing to IS impacts on firm performance.The results provide additional evidence in support of the indirect performanceeffect of IS. Specifically, the study found that the performance impacts ofIS arose from their interactions with firm-specific knowledge, information, verticalintegration and related diversification that complemented IS.
Immigrants In The U.S. Economy: A Host-Country Perspective
Authors: Orrenius Pia , Nicholson Michael
Published: October 2021

No Abstract Provided
Stages of Corporate Governance In Transition Economies
Authors: Le Son , Kroll Mark , Walters Bruce
Published: October 2021

We develop a model of corporate governance stages in transition economies,including bureaucratic control-based; relational; and rule, market-based corporategovernance. We demonstrate how institutions shape stakeholders’ dominant sourcesof control power and firms’ dominant origins of resources within and across thesestages. We then theorize how these driving forces influence the effectiveness of thesecorporate governance stages, and how the shift from one stage of corporate governanceto another comes about. Our paper therefore contributes to the understandingof the development and nature of corporate governance in transition economies.
The Influence of Supervisors' Leadership Style On Telecommuters
Authors: Madlock Paul
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the current study was to extend prior scholarship by examininghow employees who telecommute perceive their supervisor’s leadership styleand the subsequent outcomes. Specifically, the way in which leadership style influencesemployees’ perceptions of their supervisors’ communication competenceand communication satisfaction with their supervisor. Employees’ job satisfactionand organizational commitment was also assessed. Participants included 157 fulltime telecommuters from a variety of organizations across the United States. Thefindings suggest that supervisors in the virtual workplace engaged in task orientedmore than relational oriented leadership style. Also, task oriented leadership servedas the greatest predictor of the communication satisfaction, job satisfaction, and theorganizational commitment of telecommuters. Recommendations for practitionerswere also provided indicating that more might be done to enhance the task relatedleadership competencies of supervisors in the virtual work setting.
Stakeholder Networks and Strategy: The Influence of Network Consistency and Network Diversity On Firm Performance
Authors: Peters Richard , Golden Peggy
Published: October 2021

As academic and practitioners continue to demand greater stakeholder acknowledgementand engagement, firms must seek ways to move beyond dyadic interactionsand treat internal and external stakeholders as components of a holisticnetwork. This paper introduces two new constructs, Network Diversity and NetworkConsistency, proposing that both the variety of stakeholder partners (Network Diversity)as well as the uniformity of social performance across multiple stakeholderconstituencies (Network Consistency), will influence Corporate Reputation (CR)and ultimately, firm financial performance. Using a sample of 158 firms, across afive year time span,we find that while Network Diversity has no significant relationshipto CR, Network Consistency is in fact related to Corporate Reputation. Further,high levels of Network Diversity may actually detract from, rather than enhancefinancial performance, via increased cost and relationship management complexity.
Boards As Resource Providers and Monitors For Research and Development
Authors: Xie Xaunli , O'Neill Hugh
Published: October 2021

Innovation is essential for every organization. Yet the relationship betweenboards and innovation remains unclear. We argue that boards not only monitor,but also provide resources, and innovations require both proper levels of resources(skills) from the board, and appropriate forms of control. In this study, we integrateresource-dependence and agency perspectives to examine how a board’s knowledgeand skills (board diversity) and a board’s preference for behavior based controls(board composition) influence the board’s ability to provide resources and designcontrols, which in turn affect the level of research and development intensity inthe firm. Hypotheses are tested using a panel data set of firms in research intensiveindustries.
Cash Position Forecasts Pre and Post The 2008 Market Crash
Authors: Alltizer Richard , Swanson Zane
Published: October 2021

Our study focuses on the important issue of cash forecasting. The Wall StreetJournal (WSJ) published articles (1995, 2009) dealing with the record levels of cashheld by large publicly traded companies, asserting that cash positions may be excessive.The articles discuss, at points in time, a trend over three decades of increasingcash holdings which doubled from 1980 through 2006. The ability to forecast cashholdings is an important element in deciding where to invest consistent with one’spredilection, and may therefore become more important as cash holdings increase. Incontrast to prior research, our study demonstrates a forecasting model with firm-specificvariables. The results indicate a strong model in spite of changing economicconditions; however, with significant turbulence (i.e. the 2008 market failure), wefind that certain coefficients are impacted.
Influences of Unemployment Rates and S&P 500 Movements On Eight Selected U.S. Casino Stock Performances
Authors: Rahman Matiur , Mustafa Muhammad , Caples Stephen
Published: October 2021

This paper studies the causal effects of changes in unemployment rates andU.S. S&P 500 returns on changes in stock returns of selected eight U.S. casinos individually.Monthly data from January, 1982 through July, 2012 are employed. Thetime series data in percentage changes are found stationary. As a result, multivariateVAR in first-difference is implemented since the objective is to investigate the effectsof changes in causal variables on changes in individual selected casino stockreturns. The estimates depict weakly positive and somewhat mixed causal influencesof changes in unemployment rates on changes in casino stock returns. In the caseof the changes in S&P 500, the results are uniformly positive and relatively strong.In other words, the latter unleash stronger influence than the former on changes incasino stock returns with mixed net short-run interactive feedback effects.
Empirics of The Traditional Phillips Curve: Evidence From 1930-2016
Authors: Rahman Matiur , Mustafa Muhammad
Published: October 2021

This study revisits the trade-off relationship between inflation andunemployment rates for the USA, as observed by the traditional Philips curve.Annual data are used from 1930 to 2016. The ARDL Bounds Testing approach isapplied accompanying efficient unit roots testing [(DF-GLS) and (Ng-Perron) tests]and the determination of the order of integration of the variables in levels. TheARDL Bounds testing estimates confirm co-integration between the above variables.The estimates of error-correction model (ECM) clearly support the existence of thetraditional Philips curve for the long run, but subdued for the short run. However,there is evidence of short-run interactive feedback effect between the variables.
An Exploratory Study of Nonsurgical Cosmetic Procedures Consumers
Authors: Reisenwitz Timothy , Fowler Jie
Published: October 2021

This exploratory study investigated the amount of information used byconsumers when engaging in non-surgical cosmetic procedures. Moreover, theprimary purpose of the research is to investigate the linkage between non-surgicalcosmetic procedures and the constructs associated with the “self,” such as attitudetoward social media advertising, attitude toward traditional (mass media) advertising,cognitive age, risk aversion, satisfaction, and self-image or self-concept. T-tests ofthe data yielded significant results for most of the variables. This research willhopefully aid marketers to better focus on important areas of information use bynon-surgical cosmetic procedures consumers. These results are discussed, alongwith managerial implications, limitations and directions for future research.
SRAM CELL 6T AND 8T PARAMETRIC STABILITY ANALYSIS
Authors: K Bharathabau
Published: October 2021

As technology advances, the need for SRAM cells that may be utilised in high-speed applications grows. SRAM cells' static noise margin (SNM) is one of the most important variables to consider when designing a memory cell, and it is the main predictor of SRAM cell speed. The static noise margin will have an impact on the read and write margins. When it comes to the SRAM Cell's stability, the SNM is very important. For high-speed SRAMs, read/write margin analysis is critical since it affects how much data can be read and written. The simulation was run using Mentor Graphics' IC Station, which utilised 350nm technology rather than 180nm technology.
História da tradição da civil law e a questão do direito processual brasileiro
Authors: Martins Ricardo Evandro Santos
Published: October 2021

O ensaio pretende desenvolver brevemente uma história da tradição da civil law e também pretende levantar questões sobre a proximidade entre a tradição jurídica brasileira e a common law. Para realizar esta tarefa, a abordagem metodológica está baseada no paradigma da hermenêutica filosófica desenvolvida por Hans- -Georg Gadamer. O ensaio tem as seguintes hipóteses gerais: 1) a tradição da civil law nasce pela recepção do Código de Justiniano; 2) esta tradição também tem raízes na jurisprudência do Sacro Império Romano-germânico e na Escola Histórica do Direito; 3) mas, essencialmente, a civil law se fundamenta na doutrina da Escola da Exegese e depois passa a ter forte influência da doutrina pura de Hans Kelsen, especialmente quanto à tradição formada no Brasil; 4) atualmente as práticas e a legislação brasileira estão próximas da common law, como, por exemplo, o Novo Código de Processo Civil e as tentativas de reforma do Código de Processo Penal; 5) os cursos de mestrado e de doutorado influenciaram fortemente a mudança de mentalidade e o redirecionamento da nossa tradição jurídica, quando trouxe o instituto do “precedente judicial” como conceito central das reformas legislativas e das práticas judiciais. Nossa hipótese específica é: 1) A proximidade da nossa tradição com a common law pode causar riscos quanto ao respeito aos fundamentos constitucionais da CF/88.
preponderância dos Direitos Humanos, da família e do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente nos Direitos Humanos internacionais
Authors: Vasconcelos Eneas Romero de
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo analisa importante contribuição para os direitos humanos internacionais a partir da análise do caso Görgülü, em que a CtEDH estabeleceu um critério universal de respeito ao direito da família e dos pais naturais de guarda e visita aos filhos, de acordo com o princípio do melhor interesse. No caso, o direito do genitor biológico acabou sendo assegurado no âmbito do direito interno após decisão do Tribunal Constitucional Alemão. A decisão do caso Gürgülü, pelo Tribunal Constitucional, fixou um parâmetro mínimo para a interpretação e aplicação da CEDH, que pode ser considerado tímido, na medida em que apenas garantiu a necessidade de levar em consideração a CEDH. A interpretação que foi dada ao caso Görgülü, pelos Tribunais, alemães garantiu que a Convenção seja levada em consideração, sempre que for aplicável e também a proeminência no direito nacional para o Tribunal internacional.
Ministério Público na justiça consensual do acordo de não persecução penal
Authors: Rodrigues Isabel Christina Prazeres
Published: October 2021

A presente pesquisa aborda a matéria da justiça consensual como meio instrumental para conferir celeridade e eficiência ao ordenamento jurídico na seara penal e processual penal. Nesse sentido, busca-se estabelecer um estudo sobre a origem e a finalidade do Acordo de Não Persecução Penal – ANPP, firmado entre o Ministério Público e o autor da infração penal, a fim de alcançar uma justiça consensual por meio da aplicação de medidas não privativas de liberdade, bem como visa verificar o campo de atuação do órgão ministerial, diante da análise da legislação e do caso concreto, para viabilizar a tratativa de não denunciação.
Explanation of the Sutlegen Bauxites to Some REE Contents by Statistical Approach and Inequality Expressions
Authors: ÖZER ATAKOĞLU Özge , YALCIN Mustafa Gurhan
Published: October 2021

Bauxite formation is usually possible in humid and tropical weather conditions with the enrichment of minerals containing Al2O3 in the environment. These minerals are found in chemical compositions that are rich in major and trace elements, and REEs. Karst-type bauxites have different characteristics in terms of REE and trace elements since they undergo alteration processes. Various correlations can be evaluated using geostatistical methods to reveal the behavior of these elements in bauxitization processes. The REE contents of the Sutlegen bauxite deposits were obtained by conducting ICP-MS analysis. The inequality expressions of the La element, which is in the lanthanide group of the periodic table and is included in the light rare earth elements, with Y element, the heavy and transition metal, has provided information about the formation conditions of bauxite. The arithmetic mean of the La/Y ratios of bauxites was found to be 0.25, and the ore formation condition was interpreted as acidic. Therefore, ∑REE concentrations of the Sutlegen bauxite deposits were associated with ∑LREE/HREE and La/Y ratios. ∑REE concentration was found to be positively correlated with the ∑LREE/HREE and La/Y ratios, and the correlation coefficients were found to be 0.89 and 0.44, respectively. The positive correlation between ∑REE concentration and La/Y ratio can be interpreted that the pH in the bauxite formation environment has a positive effect on REEs. Under the acidic conditions of ore formation, the bauxites were enriched in REEs.