bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic aspects of skin cancer management in Eastern Croatia
Authors: Miškulin Ivan , Orkić Želimir , Miškulin Maja
Published: October 2015

Introduction: In the past several decades there has been a substantial increase in the incidence of skin cancers worldwide and Croatia is no exception. The aim of this study was to estimate the financial cost of skin cancer treatment in the Osijek-Baranja County from 2000 to 2009 and to compare it with the cost of a primary prevention campaign organized in the Baranja County.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with skin cancer in the Baranja County and related health care costs. We designed a potential primary prevention campaign on a County level and calculated the financial expenses of campaign and then compared the results to health care costs from previous years.Results: The total cost of the treatment involving skin cancer (C43-C44) cases in the Osijek-Baranja County during the 2000-2009 periods was €483,710. The cost of a primary prevention campaign described in this study suggests that the estimated annual cost of a primary prevention campaign on the County level makes around 5.9% of the annual cost of all the medical treatment involving skin cancer patients in the County, which shows that a planned preventive approach towards the issue of skin cancer in Eastern Croatia is extremely justified and reasonable.Conclusion: The present study reveals the urgent need for the implementation of a primary prevention campaign in Eastern Croatia and puts emphasis on the economic potential of such an approach towards the problem of skin cancer.
Enfermedades raras
Authors: Carbajal Rodríguez Luis , Navarrete Martínez Juana Inés
Published: October 2015

El concepto de enfermedades “raras” se acuñó por primera vez a mediados de la década de los
años 80 del siglo pasado, en Estados Unidos, relacionado con el concepto de medicamentos “huérfanos”.
Translocaciones crípticas de cromosomas acrocéntricos en muestras de tejido de aborto aneuploide
Authors: Ramos Sandra , Molina Bertha , Grether Patricia , Mayén Dora Gilda , Castro Oscar , Ángeles Marta , Rodríguez Rebeca , Frías Sara
Published: October 2015

Los heteromorfismos cromosómicos son variantes normales consideradas como sin impacto fenotípico. Algunos de los más frecuentes se encuentran en los brazos cortos de los cromosomas acrocéntricos (13, 14, 15, 21, 22). Recientemente se ha sugerido que un tipo de rearreglos cromosómicos, considerados heteromorfismos y conocidos como translocaciones crípticas de cromosomas acrocéntricos, podrían ser un factor causal de las alteraciones cromosómicas numéricas o aneuploidías que se abortan en 90% de los casos.

Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de las translocaciones crípticas de cromosomas acrocéntricos en un grupo de 62 abortos espontáneos que presentaban una aneuploidía de los cromosomas acrocéntricos. 

Material y métodos: se incluyeron 50 individuos sanos y 62 abortos con aneuploidía de alguno de los cromosomas acrocéntricos: nueve trisomías 13, siete trisomías 14, once trisomías 15, diecinueve trisomías 21 y dieciséis trisomías 22. Se realizó cariotipo con bandas Giemsa para detectar las aneuploidías y para detectar las translocaciones crípticas de cromosomas acrocéntricos. Se utilizó hibridación in situ con fluorescencia con sondas D13Z1/D21Z1, D14Z1/D22Z1 y D15Z1. Se revisaron 15-20 metafases en microscopio de epifluorescencia. 

Resultados: se observaron translocaciones crípticas de cromosomas acrocéntricos en 14% de los individuos sanos y en 17.7% de los abortos, sin diferencia significativa; en prácticamente todos los casos se involucró en el rearreglo a la región D15Z1, que se translocó desde el brazo corto del cromosoma 15 sobre los brazos cortos de un cromosoma
13 o uno 14. 

Conclusiones: las translocaciones crípticas de cromosomas acrocéntricos que involucran a la región D15Z1 son una variante normal con alta frecuencia en la muestra de población mexicana; esta variante no parece estar implicada en la etiología de las aneuploidías de acrocéntricos. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que este heteromorfismo es un rearreglo de tipo translocación o una recombinación entre no homólogos y que el cromosoma receptor de la región D15Z1 varía entre etnias.

 
Mujer adolescente con acidemia metilmalónica y desenlace fatal
Authors: Carbajal-Rodríguez Luis , Rojas-Maruri César Mauricio
Published: October 2015

Mujer adolescente, producto de la primera gestación de una madre de 18 años de edad, misma que recibió atención prenatal adecuada y cursó con evolución normal. Se obtuvo a término (a las 38 semanas de gestación) con peso al nacer de 3 400 g. Al interrogatorio se recordó una somatometría neonatal como único dato. Su padecimiento inició al mes de vida con vómitos
que generaron deshidratación y hospitalización en unidad de segundo nivel; ésta se prolongó por 5 semanas debido a problemas renales, pulmonares y persistencia de alteraciones metabólicas que finalmente condujeron al diagnóstico de error innato del metabolismo: acidemia metilmalónica.
Exantemas en pediatría
Authors: Palacios-López Carolina Guadalupe , Durán-Mckinster Carola , Orozco-Covarrubias Luz , Saéz-de-Ocariz Marimar , García-Romero María Teresa , Ruiz-Maldonado Ramón
Published: October 2015

Los exantemas de la infancia son erupciones cutáneas localizadas o generalizadas que pueden ser causados por virus, bacterias, medicamentos o estar asociados con enfermedades sistémicas. La mayoría de los exantemas en la infancia son diagnosticados y tratados por el médico de atención primaria y por el pediatra, por lo que es deseable que ambos estén familiarizados con los exantemas clásicos y los atípicos.
Dressing Up: Religion and Ethnicity in Israeli National Dolls
Authors: Katz Maya Balakirsky
Published: October 2015

This article considers Israel’s national image both at home and abroad through the framework of Israeli costume dolls, looking specifically at the way that gender played a role in Israel’s national image as it travelled from domestic production to international reception. Initially, predominantly female doll makers produced three main types of Israeli dolls, but over time the religious Eastern European male doll triumphed in the pantheon of national types. Produced for retail sale to non-Hebrew speaking tourists by immigrant woman, the Eastern European religious male doll came to represent Israel abroad while the market pushed representations of the Middle Eastern Jewish woman and the native sabra child to the side-lines. This article examines the shift from the multi-ethnic collection of dolls as representative of the nation’s idea of itself to the privileging of the male Eastern European doll as representative of the normative image of Israel abroad.
A case of crush injury of the right foot in a 26-year-old man treated with platelet rich plasma and negative pressure.
Authors: Zalita Paweł
Published: October 2015

Treatment of a crash injury is a largely complicated and time-consuming process. Multidirectional damages often result in skin necrosis, edema, blood circulation disorders and bone fractures. We present a case of a 26-year-old man with right foot crush injury. After trauma he underwent a complex therapy which embraced: anti-oedematous treatment, negative pressure wound therapy, reposition of the bones under  X-ray control with the stabilization by means of Kirschner wires, immobilization and transdermal application of the platelet-rich plasma in the fracture fissure – as a nonunion treatment.
Endoluminal negative pressure wound treatment of anastomotic leakage in rectal surgery patients – critical review of the literature.
Authors: Huľo Edward
Published: October 2015

During past 20 years the use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has shown it effectivity and efficiency in treatment of different indications. These indications include treatment of septic complications of open surgery (open abdomen, enteroatmospheric fistulas, wound dehiscence including sternotomy infections, staged abdominal wall repair, diabetic foot syndrome, and salvage of infected prosthetic material) or their prevention (prevention of complications in skin graft application and prevention of prosthetic graft infection). Such use consists of either external use directly in the wound, or intracorporal applications (intraabdominal NPWT, intrathoracal NPWT).  New approaches and ways of application are evolving. One of new therapeutic methods are endoluminal use in both upper and lower gastrointestinal tract.  Authors performed and present thorough review of the literature on use of endoluminal NPWT in anastomotic leakage in rectal surgery patients.  Authors conclude, that endo NPWT is becoming a new and effective therapeutic method in treatment of septic complications of patients after rectal surgery.
Gut Microbiota, Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of obesity and related disorders such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes has vastly increased throughout the world. Recent insights have generated an entirely new perspective suggesting that our microbiota might be involved in the development of these disorders. This represents an area of scientific need, opportunity and challenge. The insights gleaned should help to address several pressing global health problems.CONTENT: Our bowels have two major roles: the digestion and absorption of nutrients and the maintenance of a barrier against the external environment. They fulfill these functions in the context of, and with the help from, tens of trillions of resident microbes, known as the gut microbiota. Studies have demonstrated that obesity and metabolic syndrome may be associated with profound microbiotal changes, and the induction of a metabolic syndrome phenotype through fecal transplants corroborates the important role of the microbiota in this disease. Dietary composition and caloric intake appear to swiftly regulate intestinal microbial composition and function.SUMMARY: The interaction of the intestinal microbial world with its host, and its mutual regulation, will become one of the important topics of biomedical research and will provide us with further insights at the interface of microbiota, metabolism, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. A better understanding of the interaction between certain diets and the human gut microbiome should help to develop new guidelines for feeding humans at various time points in their life, help to improve global human health, and establish ways to prevent or treat various food-related diseases.KEYWORDS: gut microbiota, obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes
The Relationship of Fetuin-A, Adiponectin, Retinol Binding Protein-4 (RBP-4) and High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) with Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) in Obese Non Diabetic Men
Authors: Novianti Imelda , Wijaya Andi , Donosepoetro Marsetio
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Central obesity is the accumulation of visceral (intra-abdominal) fat and is strongly known to be associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Obesity can cause adipocyte hypertrophy that results in dysregulation of adipokine expression. The abnormal function of adipocytes may play an important role in the development of a chronic low-grade proinflammatory state associated with obesity. Adiponectin, retinol binding protein (RBP)-4 and fetuin-A play a role in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance. Expression of fetuin-A is increased due to fat accumulation in the liver. Elevated concentration of fetuin-A in the circulation can impair insulin signaling in muscle and liver as well as suppress adiponectin secretion, although its molecular mechanism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship of fetuin-A, adiponectin, RBP-4 and hsCRP with insulin resistance in obese non diabetic men.METHODS: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study subjects were 64 men with non diabetic abdominal obesity, characterized by waist circumference of 98.47 ± 5.88 cm and fasting blood glucose of 85.75±8.36 mg/dL.RESULTS: This study showed that fetuin-A was positively correlated with HOMA-IR in obese non diabetic men with insulin resistance (r = 0.128; p = 0.570), although not significant. Fetuin-A was found to be correlated with adiponectin, RBP-4 and hsCRP (r=0.150; p=0.233; r=0.050; p=0.711; r=-0.04; p=0.445), although not significant.CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of fetuin-A showed a tendency to be positively correlated with HOMA-IR and with RBP-4 in obese non diabetic men, although statistically not significant. The concentration of fetuin-A showed a tendency to be negatively correlated with adiponectin and hsCRP although statistically not significant. There was no interrelationship between fetuin-A, adiponectin, RBP-4, hsCRP and HOMA-IR. Elevated concentrations of fetuin-A were noted in obese subjects, which in turn might impair insulin signaling. This finding might suggest that fetuin-A may represent a new target for the prevention of insulin resistance. Further studies might be needed on obese population with fatty liver.KEYWORDS: fetuin-A, adiponectin, RBP-4, hsCRP, insulin resistance
Hacia los orígenes del derecho civil europeo. Algunas observaciones sobre las relaciones entre pandectística alemana y doctrina civilista italiana en materia de negocio jurídico
Authors: Ranieri Filippo
Published: October 2015

La historia del derecho civil italiano del último siglo estuvo marcada por un acontecimiento de gran relevancia: la sustitución de la influencia francesa por la alemana. Sin embargo, esta influencia ha disminuido desde hace algunas décadas. Hoy en día es marcado el interés que la cultura italiana muestra por el modelo angloamericano. A pesar de ello, el estudio de este capítulo fundamental de la reciente historia del derecho privado europeo, al cual podemos denominar “pandectística italiana”, podría facilitar la comprensión de ciertos caracteres estructurales del derecho civil italiano y mantener en vida la conciencia de un aspecto de la cultura iusprivatista que Italia comparte con Alemania y otros países europeos.
Las prestaciones mutuas en caso de nulidad de contrato: carácter indemnizatorio o restitutorio en el derecho civil chileno
Authors: Pinochet Olave Ruperto , Concha Machuca Ricardo
Published: October 2015

En el contexto del derecho civil chileno, sobre la base de la compatibilidad e independencia entre las acciones de nulidad y de responsabilidad, y el carácter propio de las restituciones, este artículo apunta a sostener que una parte de las prestaciones mutuas a que da lugar la declaración de nulidad de un contrato tiene un carácter indemnizatorio y, por tanto, lo que se ordena restituir por prestaciones mutuas, en algunos casos, debe ser descontado para determinar el monto del daño reparable, de ser este último procedente.
La búsqueda del espíritu traslativo de la compraventa consensual: un antiguo instrumento en la cultura jurídica latinoamericana para el fomento del comercio común
Authors: Monje Mayorca Diego Fernando
Published: October 2015

Este trabajo pretende develar históricamente la característica consensual del contrato de compraventa y su influjo en la forma de concebir teóricamente el fenómeno de la transferencia de la propiedad en el ámbito de la cultura jurídica occidental, con el fin práctico de promocionar la unificación de la técnica del ‘solo consensu’ y la teoría romanista del título y el modo, situación factible que a la postre contribuirá ostensiblemente al mejoramiento de las relaciones comerciales de aquellos países que hoy comparten un ancestral parentesco derivado del derecho romano.
Characteristics Analysis for Volatile Organic Compounds Emission of Wood Furniture
Authors: Yanfeng Miao , Huiyuan Guan , Yulong Chen
Published: October 2015

Man-made interior decoration board is a kind of common porous material, which is made of solid skeleton with
fluid inside the complex mixture. The establishment of the interior decoration multiphase multidimensional model release
by artificial board, is based on the geometrical characteristic of wood panel thickness. The artificial board TVOC release
by multiphase multidimensional model of mass transfer is simplified into a one-dimensional heterogeneous mass transfer
model, and the solution and numerical simulation was also a one-dimensional model. This paper investigates a man-made
board to release characteristics of volatile organic pollutants from decoration. By theoretical analysis and experimental
methods, artificial board TVOC release was discussed. The finite element method is introduced into the furniture
structural mechanics research, and the study of the computer finite element simulation analysis was applied for the
determination of furniture structure, which designed mechanical properties of the theoretical foundation, system
construction and concrete methods.
Experimental Study on Chemical Reduction Method to Remove the Chlorate
Ions in the Water
Authors: Lu Xiuguo , Duan Jianju , Deng Yue
Published: October 2015

Study on using ascorbic acid and ferrous reduction method to removal the chlorate ions (ClO3-) in the water.
The results show that 100 mL 3.06 mg/L of ClO3- in ascorbic acid and ClO3- quality ratio 7.19, pH =6.2,35°C, the reaction
time of for 15 min, the removal rate was 100%. And ferrous reduction method to remove 100mL 3.06 mg/L of ClO3- in
pH = 6.2, Fe2+ and ClO3- quality ratio 1.79, 30℃ for 30min, the removal rate was 51%.
Application & Research on Foundation Stabilization Structure during
Work Progress of Civil Engineering
Authors: Lu Guochao
Published: October 2015

To study the method about structure layer of geocell reinforced with macadam, as well as effectiveness and
practicality of such a method in foundation reinforcement during work progress of civil engineering; Method: Basic theory
and method about foundation reinforcement structure applied in work process of civil engineering have been studied.
Physical model of experimental tank built by loaded plates has been established. Experiments have been conducted on the
loaded-plate tank for geocells in different specification and filler in the geocell to determine the relationship between
loads at various structure layers and longitudinal travel. Experimental results showed that structure layer of geocell reinforced
with macadam could improve vertical deformation in a better way, whose efficiency became smaller along with
weld spacing of geocell getting larger within a certain range. Besides, specification of the filler also imposed effects onto
the reinforcement efficiency, where filler with larger particle diameter brought about better reinforcement effects. The experimental
results demonstrated rationality and effectiveness of structure layer of geocell reinforced with macadam and
provided staff members responsible for civil engineering construction with reference on selecting the foundation reinforcement
scheme.
Research on the Effect of Puerarin on Alleviating Sports Fatigue
Authors: Wei Zhang
Published: October 2015

This paper focus on the effects of puerarin remit sports fatigue by observeing the effects of puerarinon blood
components and exercise ability of mice in swimming trained. Comparing with the time of exhaustive swimming in the
swim trained group, swim trained group with puerarin significantly increase (P<0.05). The puerarin may reduce the increase
of hemoglobin, red blood cell and platelets caused by endurance exercise, reduce the blood viscosity, prolong the
time of exhaustive swimming and improve exercise ability of mice in swim trained. Through the rat swimming experiment,
we can further know the effects of puerarin on alleviating sports fatigue are obviously, which plays a role in the research
field of the physiological effect of puerarin.
Short-term Load Forecasting for Microgrids Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform and BP Neural Network
Authors: Gao Chong , Huang sheng , Wang Hai-feng
Published: October 2015

Electricity is of great vital and indispensable to national economies. A new short-term load forecasting for micro
grid is proposed in this paper. After comparing and analyzing all load characteristic in the time domain and frequency
domain, we apply wavelet transform to decompose the load signal. After that, the training set and text set are selected in
consideration of the effects generated by the temperature and day type. At length, BP natural network is employed you
forecast the micro grid load. The final result proves that the forecasting precision of the method we propose is obviously
better than the traditional ones. What’s more, our method has Strong adaptability and good generalization ability.
Research on Several Problems in Partial Least Squares Regression Analysis
Authors: Wu Ju
Published: October 2015

Purpose: preliminary discussion on model prediction precision in the partial least squares regression analysis
method; Method: introduce current development conditions of partial least squares regression analysis, analyze problems
of traditional regression analysis method such as multiple linear regression analysis, introduce the mathematic principle
and modeling method of the partial least squares regression analysis method, and conduct detailed analysis on the partial
least squares regression analysis modeling and prediction by using the classical Linnerud data. Result: The partial least
squares regression analysis has the basic features of the multiple linear regression analysis and principal component
analysis, can precisely predict multiple data and establish a precise mathematical model; Conclusion: The partial least
squares regression analysis can provide precise mathematical model and can reserve the explaining variants remarkably
associated to explained variants to most extent, so it is feasible to some extent and can meet the general requirements of
engineering, economy, biology and medical statistical analysis.
Study Applicable for Multi-Linear Regression Analysis and Logistic Regression Analysis
Authors: Wu Ju
Published: October 2015

Current study focus on using method of multi-linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis, and
discuss about the condition and scope of multi-linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis. A modeling
method has been introduced keeping in the basic principles of multi-linear regression analysis and logistic regression
analysis. The modeling method and two forms of analytic methods have been analyzed, based on two clinic test data of
diabetes and Model-2 diabetes as objects of study in combination with the analytic methods of multi-linear regression and
logistic regression. Analysis result indicate that glycosylated hemoglobin, glycerin trilaurate, total cholesterol of serum
and blood sugar concentration present obvious positive relation (P < 0.05), whereas insulin and blood sugar present negative
relation(P < 0.05); body mass index (BMI) and relative factors are dangerous; physical excise and relative factors are
protective. In conclusion, multi-linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis respectively have their own emphasis;
for example, multi-linear regression analysis emphasizes on analyzing linear dependent relation with an dependent
variable and multiple independent variables, whereas logistic regression analysis emphasizes on analyzing the relation between
probability of occurring an incident and independent variables.
Harmonic Estimation Algorithm for Power System Based on Improved MUISC and Linear Neural Networks
Authors: Ligong Sun Ligong , Xiangwen Sun , Fei Xiang
Published: October 2015

The paper proposes harmonic estimation algorithm for power system based on Multiple Signal Classification
(MUSIC) and linear neural network because of the insufficiency of harmonic frequency estimation algorithm. The conventional
MUSIC algorithm has the advantage of higher estimation accuracy, while the disadvantage is that the computational
complexity is high and it cannot estimate the harmonic phase and amplitude. In the paper, a new harmonic estimation
algorithm for power system is constructed with combining the MUSIC algorithm, the multistage Wiener filter
(MSWF) and linear neural network. Theoretic analysis and simulation experiments show that the requirement to data is
relatively low, and has good harmonic estimation accuracy and reliability.
Design and Research of Off-Axis Three-Mirror Space Remote Sensor
Structure
Authors: Kejun Wang , Ming Xuan , Jihong Dong , Chunyan Chi , Huanhuan Zhang
Published: October 2015

On the basis of characteristics of optical system of three-mirror off-axis, with the method of topology
optimization, the mirrors’ support structure and the frame structure which is a truss structure of the optical system were
designed and investigated, the lightweight of the support structure and the truss structure are important, the structure
optimization design of the system was completed, which quality is very light, by means of the finite element analysis
techniques, we know that the shape error variation RMS and PV of optical mirror which are important indexes of image
quality. The modal analysis and dynamic simulation calculation were carried out and the response character of the
structure under dynamic environment was solved. Finally, the correctness of the finite element analysis results and the
rationality of the design are validated by environmental testing. the analysis and test results indicate that the PV and RMS
meet the design indexunder the comprehensive influence of gravity and thermal load which is in the control range, the
overall structure have a high enough dynamic stiffness and reasonable distribution of modal, and the dynamic response of
Space Remote Sensor was within the allowable range, which meet the use requirement.
Research on the Tooth-Surface Controlling and Honing Machining of the
Ultral-Precision CBN Gear
Authors: Gao Yang , Han Jiang , Liu Lin
Published: October 2015

With the popularization of precision-machining process by the hard tooth-surface gear, special machining tools
have also been developed rapidly, which is mainly manifested in as aspects as the application of new materials and cutting
tools’ coating technology, the mature of ultra-hard-grain CBN tools’ preparation technology, and the pefecting day by day
of tool-structure design and tool-integration technology and so on. This topic introduces the CBN gear’s honingmachining
characteristic and designing principles. And it also contains the application status of the ultra-precision tooth
surface and the importance of the tooth-surface morphology in the process of gearing transmitting. At the same time, this
topic briefly describes several common processes and key processing technologies in the modern gear-manufacturing
area.
Modified DWT for Feature Extraction of Bear Failure Vibration Signal
Authors: Zhu Junjiang , He Lingsong
Published: October 2015

In this paper, bear fault is automatically diagnosed by using pattern recognition. To improve the resolution of
lower frequency part, we introduce scale factors to discrete wavelet composition (DWT). The modified DWT combined
with high order cumulates are used for vibration signal feature extraction. Besides we use principle component analysis to
reduce dimension of the feature data. This feature extraction method has a lower dimension and a higher resolution for
lower frequency parts. Therefore it can not only reveal the characteristics of non-linear relationship between amounts of
features, but also help to improve the speed and accuracy of classification. Finally neural network algorithm is used for
fault classification. Result shows that our method can accurately and efficiently identify the type of bearing failures.
Numerical Study of Flow Field and Aerodynamic Performance of Straight
Bladed VAWT at Variable Tip Speed Ratios
Authors: Yi Mei , Jianjun Qu
Published: October 2015

This paper studies the relationship between unsteady flow features and instantaneous torque and power
performance of straight bladed vertical axis wind turbine at variable tip speed ratios. The rotor unsteady flow field
simulation was carried out by using computational fluid dynamics method. The flow physics and the principle of changing
flow field acting on torque performance and power performance have been analyzed where the rotating rotor was the
major concern. The results show that the flow feature alters from periodical blade dynamic stall vortexes generation,
development and shedding at low tip speed ratio to cyclical formation, evolution and diffusion of blade wake flow with
the rising tip speed ratio. Both vortex shedding around the blade and interaction of blade wakes degrade the rotor
aerodynamic performance. It is suggested that, to absorb maximum wind energy, delay the blade vortex shedding and
reduce the range of blade wake, evolution and diffusion should be included in the rotor aerodynamic design.
Challenges in Determining the Employment Generated by Climate-Change Policies
Authors: Kayani Jabran
Published: October 2015

In the existing economic crisis and the impending global catastrophic effects of the climate change renewable
energy technology provide an opportunity to harness the environmentally abundant energy sources to spur economic
growth. This paper examines the global effects of climate change and the resulting policies to mitigate the crises. The evolution
of the climate change policies into its current form and how they have replaced employment in the conventional energy
sector. It analyses several models which shed a favourable light on increased spending in renewable energy sources
and why certain industries consider it a threat to the whole economy.
Clinicopathological significance of Notch1 expression in cervical cancer patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Song Lingxie , Meng Lian , Peng Jifeng , Wang Ping , Qi Shengnan , Li Wanyu , Liu Chunxia , Li Feng
Published: October 2015

Aim: Notch1 expression remains incompatible and contradictory with previous findings on cervical cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between Notch1 and cervical cancer. Methods: Available studies were searched from diverse databases and Review Managers 5.3 software was used to perform analysis. Results: A total of 798 samples were included in this meta-analysis. The Notch1 expression in cancer tissues was higher than that in precancer (p = 0.0003) and normal tissues (p < 0.02). However, the difference of Notch1 expression between cancer cases and precancer cases has no statistical significance (p = 0.35). Moreover, lymph node metastasis (p = 0.02) was associated with higher Notch1 expression in cervical cancer. Conclusion: Notch1 over-expression indicated aggressive biological behaviors.
Correcting the hub occurrence prediction bias in many dimensions
Authors: Tomasev Nenad , Buza Krisztian , Mladenic Dunja
Published: October 2015

Data reduction is a common pre-processing step for k-nearest neighbor
classification (kNN). The existing prototype selection methods implement
different criteria for selecting relevant points to use in classification,
which constitutes a selection bias. This study examines the nature of the
instance selection bias in intrinsically high-dimensional data. In
high-dimensional feature spaces, hubs are known to emerge as centers of
influence in kNN classification. These points dominate most kNN sets and are
often detrimental to classification performance. Our experiments reveal that
different instance selection strategies bias the predictions of the behavior
of hub-points in high-dimensional data in different ways. We propose to
introduce an intermediate un-biasing step when training the neighbor
occurrence models and we demonstrate promising improvements in various
hubness-aware classification methods, on a wide selection of high-dimensional
synthetic and real-world datasets.
Publish/subscribe scheme for content centric MANETs
Authors: Guo Xian , Feng Tao , Chen Cheng , Liu Tong
Published: October 2015

It is allowed that data of the content producer is cached anywhere in Content
Centric MANET (CCMANET). This scheme decoupling of data from the data source
make traditional end-end authentication transmission unavailable in CCMANET.
So, it is a challenge how to ensure content publishing or subscribing only by
legitimate users. In this paper, we firstly design a new Yaksha system on
Elliptic Curve (EC-Yaksha), and then a secure Content Publish/Subscribe
System based on EC-Yaksha (ECY-CPS) for CCMANET is proposed. In ECY-CPS,
EC-Yaksha server manages joining or leaving of network users and distributes
?license? only to legitimate user for content publishing or subscribing.
Such, it is guaranteed that only the legitimate users can publish content to
network or access content cached in network. In addition, using of the
license can efficiently defend common attacks such as the interest flooding
and the content pollution etc. Finally, we prove security properties of
ECY-CPS in PCL and make a simple comparison between our system and the
related solution.
Acute Placental Villitis as Evidence of Fetal Sepsis: An Autopsy Case Report
Authors: Bae Go Eun , Yoon Nara , Choi Misun , Hwang Soohyun , Hwang Hyewon , Kim Jung-Sun
Published: October 2015

Acute placental villitis is very rare and believed to reflect overwhelming fetal sepsis in utero, commonly caused by Escherichia coli or group B streptococci. We present a case of intrauterine fetal death associated with acute placental villitis and acute necrotizing chorioamnionitis by early-onset group B streptococcal infection. A 36-year-old woman presented with decreased fetal movement and fever at 21 weeks of gestation. ultrasound demonstrated intrauterine fetal death. After delivery, the placenta revealed multifocal neutrophilic infiltration in chorionic villi, most prominently beneath the trophoblast basement membrane, which was also accompanied by acute necrotizing chorioamnionitis. Gram-positive microorganisms were detected in villous vessels as well as in the major organs of the fetus, which was consistent with Streptococcus agalactiae (group B) cultured from maternal blood. Acute placental villitis should be recognized as evidence of fetal sepsis that often has lethal clinical outcome, as compared to intra-amniotic infection associated with acute chorioamnionitis alone.
2014 AERA Presidential Address
Authors: Schneider Barbara
Published: October 2015

The College Ambition Program (CAP) is designed to encourage low-income and minority students to enroll in college. The following analysis presents updated results from my AERA presidential talk in 2014. Results indicate that CAP, which is a schoolwide intervention, increased college attendance for low-income and minority students in seven treatment high schools compared to 31 control schools by 8%. The 8% increase is largely concentrated in students who would have not attended college but instead enrolled in 2-year institutions. The modest effects of CAP should be viewed as positive and encouraging, especially providing direction for replication and scale-up.
Association of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Coronary Artery Lesion Among Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Authors: Koju R , Humagain S , Khanal K
Published: October 2015

Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with the numbers of risk factors causing coronary atherosclerosis. Coronary artery stenosis is mostly caused by coronary atherosclerosis.Objective This study aims to analyze the association between coronary artery stenosis and cardiovascular risk factors.Methods An observational study was conducted among CAD patients. The diagnostic coronary angiogram was performed from femoral approach using standard catheters and techniques to find out any abnormalities.Result A total 73 patients (44 male and 29 female) with coronary artery disease undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography was included with the documented cardiovascular risk factors. The coronary stenosis was found in 40 patients on the basis of stenosis grading. Among the established cardiovascular risk factors, sex, diabetes mellitus and smokers show are significantly associated with coronary stenosis among CAD patients. The present study shows the significant association of coronary stenosis among male CAD patients (OR 2.47; CI 0.94 – 6.48, p <0.05) and similar association has been observed in diabetes mellitus (OR 3.32; CI 1.12 – 9.84, p <0.05) and smoking (OR 4.10; CI 1.45 – 11.61, p <0.01).Conclusion The prevalence of CAD is increased with numbers of presence of cardiovascular risk factors. Male gender, diabetes mellitus and smoking are significantly associated with coronary stenosis among CAD patients. However, hypertension and dyslipidemia are comparable between coronary stenosis and no significant stenosis group.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(2) 2014: 137-140
Difficult Journey from Delivery to Discharge, Case of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Karmacharya RM , Dangol S , Shrestha M , Koju R
Published: October 2015

We report a case of congenital diaphragmatic hernia which was diagnosed prenatally for which surgical correction was done on second day of life. The child was discharged in 17 days and has resulted in good post repair condition of patient.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(2) 2014: 149-150
Analysis of Health Sector Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Strategy 2009 of Nepal
Authors: Mahara GB , Dhital SR
Published: October 2015

The policy on gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) in health sector of Nepal is formulated in 2009 targeting toward poor, vulnerable, marginalized social and ethnic groups. Gender inequality and social discrimination are a social problem that affect on individual health finally. The main objective of this paper is to critically analysis and evaluates the Government’s strategy on health sector gender equality and social inclusion in Nepal. We collected published and unpublished information assessing the public health, policy analysis and research needs from different sources. A different policy approaches for the analysis and evaluation of GESI strategies is applied in this paper. Universal education, community participation, individual, group and mass communication approaches, and social capital are the key aspects of effective implementation of policy at target levels.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(2) 2014: 157-160
Modeling the Impacts of Inclement Weather on Freeway Traffic Speed
Authors: Lin Lei , Ni Ming , He Qing , Gao Jing , Sadek Adel W.
Published: October 2015

Recently, there has been increased interest in quantifying and modeling the impact of inclement weather on transportation system performance. One problem that the majority of research studies on the topic have faced was the great dependence on weather data merely from atmospheric weather stations, which lack information about road surface condition. The emergence of social media platforms, such as Twitter and Facebook, provides a new opportunity to extract more weather-related data from such platforms. This study had two primary objectives: (a) examine whether real-world weather events can be inferred from social media data and (b) determine whether including weather variables extracted from social media data can improve the predictive accuracy of models developed to quantify the impact of inclement weather on freeway traffic speed. To achieve those objectives, weather data, Twitter data, and traffic information were compiled for the Buffalo–Niagara, New York, metropolitan area as a case study. A method called the Twitter Weather Events Observation was then applied to the Twitter data, and the sensitivity and false alarm rate for the method was evaluated against real-world weather data. Then, linear regression models for predicting the impact of inclement weather on freeway speed were developed with and without the Twitter-based weather variables incorporated. The results indicated that Twitter data have a relatively high sensitivity for predicting inclement weather (i.e., snow), especially during the daytime and for areas with significant snowfall. The results also showed that the incorporation of Twitter-based weather variables could help improve the predictive accuracy of the models.
Vehicle Speed Characteristics in States with Uniform and Differential Speed Limit Policies
Authors: Russo Brendan J. , Rista Emira , Savolainen Peter T. , Gates Timothy J. , Frazier Sterling
Published: October 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the travel speed characteristics of passenger vehicles, trucks, and buses in states with different speed limit policies, primarily to ascertain the effects of differential speed limits (DSLs) versus those of uniform speed limits (USLs) for large vehicles. Spot-speed studies were conducted in the neighboring states of Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio; these studies permitted examination of speed characteristics under several speed limit settings along the same freeways. The sites included urban and rural locations, with speed limits at individual locations that varied from 55 to 70 mph. These sites included USLs and DSLs, with 5 mph differentials on rural freeways in Indiana and 10 mph differentials at rural locations in Michigan. Spot-speed data were collected at 157 freeway sites in the three states along flat, tangent segments. Regression models were estimated to ascertain differences in the mean speeds, the 85th percentile speeds, and the standard deviation in speeds across locations. The results showed passenger vehicle speeds to be quite consistent across the three states where a common 70 mph limit was in effect. Speeds varied more at locations with lower posted limits and between trucks and buses. Speeds were most consistent in Ohio at locations with higher USLs. The variability in travel speeds for all vehicles was found to be highest on freeways with DSLs, followed by urban freeways with USLs of 55 mph.
Criteria for Determining Number of Intersections at Divided Highway Junctions
Authors: Khazraee S. Hadi , Hawkins H. Gene
Published: October 2015

Implementation of proper traffic control at divided highway intersections depends on whether the given junction is considered one intersection or two. The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) uses median width as the only factor and states that a divided highway junction is treated as two separate intersections if the median is 30 ft or wider. The lack of any documented research for the basis of the 30-ft rule indicates a need to revisit the criterion and reassess its applicability. This study used an analytical approach to evaluate the MUTCD criteria and explored the fundamental issues associated with the function of such a crossing as one or two intersections. The results indicated that the MUTCD definition did not appropriately address the interaction of turning vehicles in a median and that the median width measurement location should be revised. The study also determined that traffic control at divided highway intersections should consider the influence of the median opening length. With the use of the minimum turning paths suggested in the AASHTO Green Book, a set of MUTCD recommendations was developed for determining whether a divided highway junction operates as a single intersection or as two separate intersections. The results of this study indicate that the MUTCD 30-ft rule is an over-simplification and usually an underestimation of the actual requirements to operate a junction as two separate intersections.
Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy utilizing ventral epiduroscopic observation technique and foraminoplasty for transligamentous extruded nucleus pulposus: technical note
Authors: Henmi Tatsuhiko , Terai Tomoya , Hibino Naohito , Yoshioka Shinji , Kondo Kenji , Goda Yuichiro , Tezuka Fumitake , Sairyo Koichi
Published: October 2015

Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PED) is a minimally invasive disc surgery that can be performed under local anesthesia and requires only an 8-mm skin incision. For transligamentous extruded nucleus pulposus with foraminal stenosis, it is very hard to remove the migrated mass with a simple transforaminal approach. For such difficult cases, foraminoplasty and an epiduroscopic technique is useful. A 29-year-old man visited the authors’ hospital, complaining of low-back and right leg pain. MRI revealed a massive herniated nucleus pulposus with foraminal stenosis. A transforaminal PED was planned to remove the herniated mass. Through the inside-out technique, the base of the herniated mass was removed. Following the foraminoplasty, the cannula was moved into the epidural space. With epidural observation just beneath the nerve root, the extruded transligamentous fragment was confirmed and removed en bloc. Immediately after the surgery, the patient’s symptoms resolved. The combination of foraminoplasty and epiduroscopic observation during the transforaminal approach for PED is a useful and reliable technique to remove extruded transligamentous disc fragments.
Judaism and Heterogeneity in the Modernist Long Novel
Authors: Tambling Jeremy
Published: October 2015

This paper explores how Judaism is represented in non-Jewish writers of the nineteenth-century (outstandingly, Walter Scott and George Eliot) and in modernist long novels, such as those by Dorothy Richardson, Marcel Proust, James Joyce, Alfred Döblin, Robert Musil, and Thomas Mann, and, in the Latin American novel, Carlos Fuentes and Roberto Bolaño. It finds a relationship between the length of the ‘long’ novel, as a meaningful category in itself (not to be absorbed into other modernist narratives), and the interest that these novels have in Judaism, and in anti-semitism (e.g. in the Dreyfus affair) as something which cannot be easily assimilated into the narratives which the writers mentioned are interested in. The paper investigates the implications of this claim for reading these texts.
Proto-Urbanism in the Late 5th Millennium BC: Survey and Excavations at Khirbat al-Fakhar (Hamoukar)
Authors: Al-Quntar Salam , Khalidi Lamya , Ur Jason
Published: October 2015

: Excavation and systematic surface collection since 1999 have revealed the outlines of a unique site in Northern Mesopotamia. Khirbat al-Fakhar is an extensive settlement of 300 ha, primarily occupied during the LC 1-2 periods (ca 4400-3800 cal. BC). Systematic surface collection, satellite imagery analysis, and targeted excavation allow a preliminary characterization of its settlement, in particular the abundance of evidence for intensive obsidian manufacture. This unexpectedly large and early settlement presents problems of demography, nature of sedentism, permanence of occupation, and obsidian manufacture and trade. In this article we discuss these issues in the light of current accounts of the development of societal complexity and urbanism in the region and argue that Khirbat al-Fakhar had characteristics of both villages and cities, qualifying it as proto-urban.
The Greening of the Badlands: Pastoral Nomads and the “Conclusion” of Neolithization in the Southern Levant
Authors: Rollefson Gary Orin
Published: October 2015

Jacques Cauvin’s view of Neolithization in the Levant concentrated very little on how the symbols revolution might have applied to the development of the exploitation of non-farmable territory in the steppe and desert areas of the region. New areas of research in the past decade have made it possible to understand the forces behind the emergence and refinement of pastoral nomadism and the kinds of social, economic, and political adjustments that were necessary to make the novel subsistence strategy successful.