bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns and Predictable Clinical Benefit with Nivolumab in Combination with Ipilimumab for 3P Implementation
Authors: Sheen Joong Hyuk , Yoo Jinseon , Kim Tae-Min , Lee Sang-Jin , Han Ji-Youn
Published: February 2022

Background

The combination immunotherapy (CIT), administering both nivolumab and ipilimumab, has demonstrated the durable efficacy in patients with skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), kidney renal cell carcinoma (KIRC), and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the survival benefits of the CIT vary among responders according to tumor type and thus, the biomarker development for CIT is necessary for predictive, preventive, and personalized (3P) medicine.
Purpose

To understand the mechanisms underlying the differential clinical efficacy and to explore the predictive biomarkers of the CIT, we analyzed transcriptome-based immune landscapes in SKCM, KIRC, and LUAD.
Methods

We obtained bulk tumor RNA-Seq data of LUAD (n=517), KIRC (n=506), and SKCM (n=472) from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) consortium and examined gene signature-based tumor-infiltrating immune cell profiles, as well as the correlations among expression levels of immune checkpoints and individual tumor mutational burden (TMB).
Results

Immunoprofiling revealed three subgroups of hot, intermediate, and cold clusters according to immune cell infiltration patterns for three tumor types examined. Among the relationship between immune checkpoints, CTLA-4 and PD-1 levels from LUAD and KIRC tumors were predominantly upregulated in immune-hot subgroups and exhibited strong concordance with each other (Spearman’s r=0.75 for LUAD; r=0.75 for KIRC). SKCM tumors were distinguished from LUAD and KIRC by manifesting relatively weaker correlations between PD-1 and CTLA-4 expression (r=0.58). Further analyses in the LUAD cohort presented that expression levels of immune checkpoints were dependent upon individual patient TMB, while overall tumor-infiltrating patterns of immune cells were poorly correlated with the mutational burden except the CD56dim NK cell subset.
Conclusion

Our data suggest that the gene signature-based profiling of tumor-infiltrating immune cells guides us to a better understanding of an immune landscape of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and to predict the clinically demonstrated efficacy of the CIT in each cancer type. Therefore, CIT implemented through a more comprehensive characterization of immune features in individual patient’s tumors may enhance the clinical benefit of the predictive, preventive, personalized medicine (3PM) in cancer patients.
Risk management practice, alliance management capability, and enterprise resilience: Findings from Indonesian state-owned enterprises
Authors: Lisdiono Purwatiningsih , Said Jamaliah , Yusoff Haslinda , A. Hermawan Ancella
Published: February 2022

In the era of high uncertainties, all businesses, including state-owned enterprises, are trying to be resilient, be able to absorb the negative impacts caused by the changes, adjust, rebound, and then thrive and success after the disruptions. This study aims to examine to what extent risk management and alliance management capabilities promote enterprise resilience among Indonesian state-owned enterprises using dynamic capability theory. Analysis was done using SPSS and Structural Equation Model – Partially Least Squares on 322 valid questionnaires that were received via an online survey from the boards of directors and senior management of state-owned enterprises and their subsidiaries. The study discovered that alliance management capabilities have a significant positive effect on enterprise resilience and risk management practice. Furthermore, the findings show that risk management contributes significantly to the formation of enterprise resilience and act as a mediator between alliance management capabilities and enterprise resilience. Thus, enterprise resilience can be developed by having the ability to form and manage alliances effectively and efficiently, as well as practicing risk management, which allows a firm to anticipate and plan mitigation actions in the face of an uncertain and disruptive situation.
Acknowledgment We acknowledge the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia for HICoE Research Funding, Accounting Research Institute (ARI), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, for all support and resources.
Pengaruh Koneksi Politik terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Non-Keuangan
Authors:   Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Joseline Joseline , Frandy Stanley ,   Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pangestu Stevanus ,   Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh koneksi politik terhadap nilai perusahaan di perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di BEI pada periode 2017-2019. Pada penelitian ini, nilai perusahaan sebagai variabel dependen diukur menggunakan Tobin’s Q. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah koneksi politik yang diukur dengan menggunakan rumus proporsi dewan direksi dan dewan komisaris yang terkoneksi politik. Analisis data ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik regresi data panel pada perangkat lunak EViews 10.0 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 186 perusahaan non-keuangan dan dengan tahun penelitian 2017-2019 (n=558). Regresi panel dengan model random effect menunjukkan hasil bahwa koneksi politik memiliki pengaruh signifikan positif terhadap nilai perusahaan.
The Consequences of Misology. Socrates’ Apology of Discourse in the Phaedo
Authors: Lima Paulo Alexandre
Published: February 2022

in this article we examine the Phaedo section on misology. Socrates tries to identify the nature and origin of μισολογία, as well as its ruinous consequences for the philosophical life. Μισολογία has a disastrous effect on philosophical life, because it consists in hatred of argument and therefore bears the power to undermine the confidence in λόγοι which is the very basis of life devoted to philosophy. Since philosophy is based upon confidence in λόγοι and could consequently be termed a kind of φιλολογία, hatred of argument or μισολογία can be equated with hatred of philosophy. Socrates endeavours to protect philosophy against the dangers of μισολογία. He does this by showing that confidence in λόγοι is the only way to conduct a meaningful life: the philosophical life. He performs an apology for λόγοι, which is an apology for philosophy and a fortiori for his own life: the life of a true φιλόλογος.
A arte Luliana e a recepção medieval dos Tópicos de Aristóteles
Authors: Higuera José
Published: February 2022

The aristotelian opposition between demonstrative and probable arguments is reflected in the medieval commentaries that distinguish between dialectical syllogisms, used by the art of persuasion, and the demonstrative syllogisms based on necessary principles, whose knowledge is immediate and per se notum. In a manuscript of Ars demonstrativa, attributed to ramon Llull, there is a remark about the usage of probable arguments, although they are based on necessary principles. about that, Llull added that naming this work as «demonstrative» might sound slightly «scandalous». However, Llull seems to attest a dilution of the distinction between probable arguments and demonstrative principles, which is possibly related to the Boethian reading of the Topics. Boethius defines a list of differentiae which are the terms that link, in the syllogisms, a premise with a necessary conclusion or a general principle. The medieval commentators of the De Topicisdifferentiis realized that these dialectical places are also applicable to hypothetical syllogisms, which are compounded by conditional premises. Medieval masters made lists of differentiae that include terms such as: opposition, likeness, relation, superior and inferior, authority and trassumptio (the Latin term for metaphor). ramon Llull shows an indirect reception of the De topicis differentiis of Boethius in the figure T of his Ars, as well as a specific application of the argumentative places in the theological dialogue with other religions. Thus, the evidence of the faith articles, although they are “first principles” and true for themselves, is not accessible to the intellect unless it is proved by probable arguments.
Recensie van: Nationalisme in België. Identiteiten in beweging, 1780-2000. Over Belgen, Vlamingen, Walen, Franstaligen, Brusselaars, Duitstaligen, Fransen, Groot-Nederlanders en Nieuwe Belgen / Kas Deprez, Louis Vos (1999)
Authors: Van Ginderachter Maarten , De Meester Tom
Published: February 2022

recensie
Principios clave para el uso de la fuerza en escenarios urbanos en Colombia
Authors: Cubides-Cardenas Jaime , González-Agudelo Juan David , Navas-Camargo Fernanda
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza los parámetros y principios para el uso de la fuerza legítima del Estado en escenarios urbanos en Colombia, ante la amenaza híbrida actual. Con base en una investigación cualitativa con enfoque empírico, primero, se ilustra la naturaleza de la amenaza híbrida en Colombia. Luego se examina el fundamento doctrinal para emplear la fuerza de los cuerpos de seguridad en el conflicto colombiano. Posteriormente se analizan los principios del derecho internacional humanitario para conducir hostilidades en escenarios urbanos, con observancia a los ecosistemas criminales. Finalmente se desarrollan los principios de necesidad y proporcionalidad, entre otros, en otras situaciones de violencia. Se concluye que hay principios clave, pero aún no suficientes, para orientar el uso de la fuerza en escenarios urbanos de Colombia.
Del cuartel a las urnas
Authors: Franco-Fuquen Natalia Rocío , Polo-Alvis Sebastián , Perafán-del Campo Eduardo Andrés
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza las discusiones y la normativa alrededor del sufragio militar en Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Perú, Uruguay y Venezuela, y su relación con los periodos de dictadura y de intervención política de las fuerzas armadas en estos países. A partir de las categorías de sufragio activo y sufragio pasivo, entendidas como el acto de elegir y el de ser elegido, respectivamente, se determina la situación política y constitucional del voto militar en cada Estado mediante un proceso de revisión documental. Como resultado, aunque se resaltan las diferencias entre estos países al respecto, hay una tendencia de consolidación democrática a través de la restricción del sufragio militar, especialmente el pasivo, tras las experiencias de gobiernos militares, aunque persiste el riesgo de la intervención política militar en las democracias de la región.
Estigmatización y criminalidad contra defensores de derechos humanos y líderes sociales en Colombia
Authors: González-Monguí Pablo Elías , Silva-García Germán , Pérez-Salazar Bernardo , Vizcaíno-Solano Luz Angélica
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza el fenómeno de la estigmatización social de defensores de derechos humanos y líderes sociales en Colombia, y su relación con la persecución, amenazas, hostigamiento y homicidios contra esta población, en especial después del Acuerdo de Paz de 2016. Esta relación ha sido especialmente ignorada, pese a que explica buena parte de la criminalidad dirigida contra los defensores y líderes sociales en el país, ya que tiende a normalizarla e incluso a responsabilizar a las propias víctimas de la violencia que sufren por cuenta de sus actividades. El artículo destaca la responsabilidad de los grupos armados al margen de la ley y sus economías ilícitas, y las fallas en la política penal del Estado para el control de esta estigmatización y criminalidad en Colombia.
La planeación por escenarios como herramienta para la construcción de paz en el Caquetá
Authors: Peña-Torres Parcival , Marlés-Betancourt Claritza , Valera-Alfonso Orlando
Published: February 2022

Este artículo busca determinar los escenarios de futuro, como una alternativa para la construcción de paz en el Caquetá, una de las regiones más afectadas por el conflicto armado en Colombia y que enfrenta grandes retos en el posconflicto. Para ello se presenta una investigación descriptiva con enfoque mixto basada en las fases de la técnica prospectiva de matriz de impacto cruzado, con una muestra conformada por actores del desarrollo regional de los sectores del saber, del poder, productivo y la comunidad. Los resultados revelan que los eventos de futuro en cuatro dimensiones: capacidades institucionales, problema de cultivos ilícitos, víctimas del conflicto e influencia de la educación superior, constituyen el escenario más dinamizador para la construcción de paz en la región.
Testing Digital Methods of Patient-Reported Outcomes Data Collection: Prospective Cluster Randomized Trial to Test SMS Text Messaging and Mobile Surveys
Authors: Agarwal Anish K , Ali Zarina S , Shofer Frances , Xiong Ruiying , Hemmons Jessica , Spencer Evan , Abdel-Rahman Dina , Sennett Brian , Delgado Mucio K
Published: February 2022

Background

Health care delivery continues to evolve, with an effort being made to create patient-centered care models using patient-reported outcomes (PROs) data. Collecting PROs has remained challenging and an expanding landscape of digital health offers a variety of methods to engage patients.

Objective

The aim of this study is to prospectively investigate two common methods of remote PRO data collection. The study sought to compare response and engagement rates for bidirectional SMS text messaging and mobile surveys following orthopedic surgery.

Methods

The study was a prospective, block randomized trial of adults undergoing elective orthopedic procedures over 6 weeks. The primary objective was to determine if the method of digital patient engagement would impact response and completion rates. The primary outcome was response rate and total completion of PRO questionnaires.

Results

A total of 127 participants were block randomized into receiving a mobile survey (n=63) delivered as a hyperlink or responding to the same questions through an automated bidirectional SMS text messaging system (n=64). Gender, age, number of comorbidities, and opioid prescriptions were similar across messaging arms. Patients receiving the mobile survey were more likely to have had a knee-related surgery (n=50, 83.3% vs n=40, 62.5%; P=.02) but less likely to have had an invasive procedure (n=26, 41.3% vs n=39, 60.9%; P=.03). Overall engagement over the immediate postoperative period was similar. Prolonged engagement for patients taking opioids past postoperative day 4 was higher in the mobile survey arm at day 7 (18/19, 94.7% vs 9/16, 56.3%). Patients with more invasive procedures showed a trend toward being responsive at day 4 as compared to not responding (n=41, 59.4% vs n=24, 41.4%; P=.05).

Conclusions

As mobile patient engagement becomes more common in health care, testing the various options to engage patients to gather data is crucial to inform future care and research. We found that bidirectional SMS text messaging and mobile surveys were comparable in response and engagement rates; however, mobile surveys may trend toward higher response rates over longer periods of time.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03532256; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03532256
The Impact and Applications of Social Media Platforms for Public Health Responses Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Gunasekeran Dinesh Visva , Chew Alton , Chandrasekar Eeshwar K , Rajendram Priyanka , Kandarpa Vasundhara , Rajendram Mallika , Chia Audrey , Smith Helen , Leong Choon Kit
Published: February 2022

Background

 Social media platforms have numerous potential benefits and drawbacks on public health, which have been described in the literature. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed our limited knowledge regarding the potential health impact of these platforms, which have been detrimental to public health responses in many regions.

Objective

This review aims to highlight a brief history of social media in health care and report its potential negative and positive public health impacts, which have been characterized in the literature.

Methods

 We searched electronic bibliographic databases including PubMed, including Medline and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore, from December 10, 2015, to December 10, 2020. We screened the title and abstracts and selected relevant reports for review of full text and reference lists. These were analyzed thematically and consolidated into applications of social media platforms for public health.

Results

 The positive and negative impact of social media platforms on public health are catalogued on the basis of recent research in this report. These findings are discussed in the context of improving future public health responses and incorporating other emerging digital technology domains such as artificial intelligence. However, there is a need for more research with pragmatic methodology that evaluates the impact of specific digital interventions to inform future health policy.

Conclusions

 Recent research has highlighted the potential negative impact of social media platforms on population health, as well as potentially useful applications for public health communication, monitoring, and predictions. More research is needed to objectively investigate measures to mitigate against its negative impact while harnessing effective applications for the benefit of public health.
Enhancing Clinical Information Display to Improve Patient Encounters: Human-Centered Design and Evaluation of the Parkinson Disease-BRIDGE Platform
Authors: Brown Ethan G , Schleimer Erica , Bledsoe Ian O , Rowles William , Miller Nicolette A , Sanders Stephan J , Rankin Katherine P , Ostrem Jill L , Tanner Caroline M , Bove Riley
Published: February 2022

Background

People with Parkinson disease (PD) have a variety of complex medical problems that require detailed review at each clinical encounter for appropriate management. Care of other complex conditions has benefited from digital health solutions that efficiently integrate disparate clinical information. Although various digital approaches have been developed for research and care in PD, no digital solution to personalize and improve communication in a clinical encounter is readily available.

Objective

We intend to improve the efficacy and efficiency of clinical encounters with people with PD through the development of a platform (PD-BRIDGE) with personalized clinical information from the electronic health record (EHR) and patient-reported outcome (PRO) data.

Methods

Using human-centered design (HCD) processes, we engaged clinician and patient stakeholders in developing PD-BRIDGE through three phases: an inspiration phase involving focus groups and discussions with people having PD, an ideation phase generating preliminary mock-ups for feedback, and an implementation phase testing the platform. To qualitatively evaluate the platform, movement disorders neurologists and people with PD were sent questionnaires asking about the technical validity, usability, and clinical relevance of PD-BRIDGE after their encounter.

Results

The HCD process led to a platform with 4 modules. Among these, 3 modules that pulled data from the EHR include a longitudinal module showing motor ratings over time, a display module showing the most recently collected clinical rating scales, and another display module showing relevant laboratory values and diagnoses; the fourth module displays motor symptom fluctuation based on an at-home diary. In the implementation phase, PD-BRIDGE was used in 17 clinical encounters for patients cared for by 1 of 11 movement disorders neurologists. Most patients felt that PD-BRIDGE facilitated communication with their clinician (n=14, 83%) and helped them understand their disease trajectory (n=11, 65%) and their clinician’s recommendations (n=11, 65%). Neurologists felt that PD-BRIDGE improved their ability to understand the patients’ disease course (n=13, 75% of encounters), supported clinical care recommendations (n=15, 87%), and helped them communicate with their patients (n=14, 81%). In terms of improvements, neurologists noted that data in PD-BRIDGE were not exhaustive in 62% (n=11) of the encounters.

Conclusions

Integrating clinically relevant information from EHR and PRO data into a visually efficient platform (PD-BRIDGE) can facilitate clinical encounters with people with PD. Developing new modules with more disparate information could improve these complex encounters even further.
Using Virtual Reality to Improve Classroom Behavior in People With Down Syndrome: Within-Subjects Experimental Design
Authors: Michalski Stefan Carlo , Szpak Ancret , Ellison Caroline , Cornish Rowena , Loetscher Tobias
Published: February 2022

Background

People with Down syndrome face various learning challenges. Introducing new and enjoyable experiences in learning settings may improve learning outcomes. Immersive and interactive technologies such as virtual reality can be used to deliver rich visual experiences in classrooms.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and benefits of virtual reality exposure for people with Down syndrome in learning settings.

Methods

To address this aim, we used a within-subjects design to assess the effect of a brief virtual reality drawing experience and conventional drawing experience on subsequent behavior in 16 participants.

Results

Large positive effects were found for virtual reality drawing (t15=5.020, P<.001) and conventional drawing (t15=3.720, P=.002) in improving subsequent behavior in a learning setting. Irrespective of the intervention, the participant’s mood, attention, and overall behavior significantly improved. No significant differences were found between the interventions (t15=–0.648; P=.53).

Conclusions

This study’s results are encouraging for researchers and educators interested in using virtual reality for people with Down syndrome, as virtual reality was found to be highly feasible. Recommendations are made for researchers and educators interested in providing virtual reality experiences for people with Down syndrome.
Serological Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Companion Animals in Pakistan: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Ullah Aman , Ahsan Aitzaz , Akhtar Siddra Tayyab , Chauhadry Ambreen , Malik Muhammad Wasif , Khan Mumtaz Ali , Ansari Jamil A , Ikram Aamer
Published: February 2022

Background

Coronaviruses infect both humans and animals. One of these viruses, SARS-CoV-2, associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, is believed to be zoonotic in nature with its origins from live animal markets in Wuhan, China. The virus has been reported to transmit from humans to other animals and within animal species both naturally and experimentally in many countries. Being a novel virus, studies are needed to understand how it affects animals, possible spread to humans, and other potential roles in the epidemiology of COVID-19 following a one health approach.

Objective

Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional sero-survey among companion animals (pet dogs and cats) in twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan with the aim to determine the seroprevalence of COVID-19 among these animals.

Methods

The study was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021, coinciding with the end of the second wave and the peak of the third wave of COVID-19 in Pakistan. We collected serum samples from 83 animals (68 dogs and 15 cats) from 10 small animal clinics and surgeries in twin cities. The data were collected on the species, age, sex, clinical history, travel history, and confirmation of COVID-19 among the owners or their families, presented with various clinical histories. The samples were tested by ID Screen SARS-CoV-2 double antigen multispecies enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay developed by ID.Vet, France.

Results

A combined seroprevalence of COVID-19 among these companion animals of 7.23% (6/83; 95% CI 2.7%-15.07%) was found. Further, the seroprevalence of COVID-19 among dogs and cats were 7.35% (5/68; 95% CI 2.43%-16.33%) and 6.67% (1/15; 95% CI 0.17%-31.95%), respectively. Both species were found to be similarly susceptible to COVID-19 (odds ratio 1.11, 95% CI 0.12-10.27; P=.92). Animals in families with a history of COVID-19 among owners were more likely to be seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 (odds ratio 11.8, 95% CI 1.93-71.89; P=.002).

Conclusions

The results suggest a possible transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from pet owners to their companion animals. However, further studies may be needed to evaluate this hypothesis and the role of pets as potential reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 infection for humans and other animals.
The Impact of Comorbidities on COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in Egypt
Authors: Elghazaly Shereen , Abu El Sood Hanaa , Samy Sahar , AbdelFatah Mohamad , Hassany Mohamed , Khader Yousef , Afifi Salma , Eid Alaa
Published: February 2022

Background

Older persons and people of any age with certain underlying comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, lung disease, kidney disease, liver disease, and cancer are at a higher risk of severe disease course and death if they become infected with COVID-19. Identifying at-risk groups and risk factors for COVID-19 severity and mortality is important for guiding the efficient and appropriate prevention and management of patients with COVID-19.

Objective

This study aimed at describing the demographics and epidemiologic characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Egypt and determining the impact of different comorbidities on patients’ outcomes.

Methods

The data of all confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to 408 governmental hospitals all over Egypt from February to May 2020 were collected retrospectively from the National Egyptian Disease Surveillance System. The cases were confirmed using RT-PCR.

Results

Overall, 28,415 patients (55% male and 45% female) were identified. Their median age was 44 years. Of those, 743 (2.6%) were admitted to ICU, 408 (1.4%) required ventilator, and 1045 (3.7%) died. Of the 21,617 (76.1%) patients with completed data, 4687 (21.7%) had comorbidities. Overall, 11.8% had diabetes, 5.3% cardiovascular disease, and 4.3% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Those who had 1 comorbidity were more likely to die (odds ratio 2.83), were admitted to ICU (odds ratio 6.36), and needed a ventilator (odds ratio 5.95) compared to patients with no comorbidities. Having multiple comorbidities increased the risk of mortality (odds ratio 3.53), ICU admission (odds ratio 8.62), and requiring a ventilator (odds ratio 9.06).

Conclusions

COVID-19 patients with comorbidities had a higher risk of disease severity and mortality. Multiple comorbidities further increase the risk to a higher extent. All necessary precautions should be taken for patients with comorbidities to avoid COVID-19 infection in order to prevent the worst prognosis.
Evaluation of a Malaria Surveillance System in Hodeidah City, Yemen, 2021 (Preprint)
Authors: Abduljalil Maeen , Al-Sada Methaq , Badi Moamer hossam , Ghalab Yaser  Ahmed
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

Despite continuing control and elimination efforts, malaria continues to represent a major public health problem. Evaluation of the Malaria Surveillance System (MSS) is critical to obtain credible data that can be used for providing information. Hodeidah City, Yemen, is a worthy region to conduct an evaluation of the MSS because it has the greatest malaria burden.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of the MSS and assess its performance in terms of qualitative and quantitative attributes.

METHODS

The updated Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline was used to evaluate the MSS in Hodeidah City. After desk reviews and in-depth interviews were conducted, self-administered questionnaires with 5-point Likert scale and yes/no questions were used to collect data from stakeholders at four levels. The indicator’s score percent was interpreted according to the following criteria: excellent, ≥90%; good, 80% to <90%; average, 60% to <80%; poor, 40% to <60%; and very poor, <40%. EPI info version 7.2 was used to enter and analyze the data.

RESULTS

Thirty-one stakeholders participated; 55% of the respondents were men. The system was found to be useful (88%) to portray the trend of malaria and to guide policy and intervention, with excellent scores (100%) for timeliness and completeness. The overall simplicity, representativeness, acceptability, and stability scores were 78%, 66%, 62%, and 61%, respectively, representing an average rank. However, flexibility scored 40% and sensitivity only scored 5.5%. The overall performance scores for the MSS were average (68%), good (82%), and average (73%) in central, governorate, and district and health facilities, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Although the MSS was found to be useful and stable, and the data quality and timeliness were deemed excellent, flexibility and sensitivity were considered to be poor. To ensure sustainability of the MSS, there is a need for gradual replacement of donors’ funds with governmental funds. Furthermore, enhancing laboratory diagnosis and proper training of health workers should be adopted for improving flexibility and sensitivity.
Keragaman Genetik Ikan Uceng (Nemacheilus) di Sungai Wilayah Banyumas Berdasar Sekuen Gen Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI)
Authors: Kusuma Rima Oktavia , Dadiono Muhammad Sulaiman , Kusuma Baruna , Syakuri Hamdan
Published: February 2022

Ikan uceng (Nemacheilus) merupakan ikan endemik yang hidup di perairan sungai wilayah Banyumas. Penangkapan berlebih serta perubahan kualitas lingkungan menyebabkan penurunan populasinya di alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies Nemacheilus yang hidup di perairan sungai Banyumas serta melihat keragaman genetiknya. Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) digunakan sebagai marka molekuler, dimana telah terbukti sebagai penanda (barcode) yang universal dan stabil. Ada bagian dari COI yang bersifat variabel sehingga bagus apabila digunakan melihat keragaman genetik. Hasil BLAST menyatakan bahwa sampel keempat stasiun memiliki nilai per indent 99,54-100% dengan spesies Neimacheilus chrysolaimos. Nilai keragaman haplotype (Hd) 0,679, dan nilai keragaman nukleotida 0,00117. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, keragaman haplotype ikan uceng dikategorikan pada tingkat sedang, sedangkan keragaman nukleotida pada tingkat rendah.
The Growth Performance of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Seeds Fed with Different Quantities of a Synbiont Feed
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi , Relatami Andi Ninnong Renita , Akmal Akmal , Firman Sri Wahyuni , Tampangallo Bunga Rante , Chadijah Andi , Ardiayana Dida
Published: February 2022

This study were aims to test the growth performance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) seeds fed with different quantities of the symbiont, consisting of a probiotic and a prebiotic, such as B. subtilis and banana flour, respectively. This study employs an experimental approach with a completely randomized design (CRD). Furthermore, artificial feeds were prepared as various treatments, consisting of B. subtilis and banana flour concentrations. They include treatment A, which does not contain B. subtilis and banana flour, and also treatment B, C, and D, which consists of B. subtilis at concentrations of 105 CFU/mL, 107 CFU/mL, and 109 CFU/mL, respectively, as well as 1% banana flour. The results obtained showed that weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate SGR were significantly different in treatment B but the survival rate (SR), food conversion rasio (FCR), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and condition factor (K) did not show significant results. Meanwhile, somatic digestive index (DSI) showed a significant difference with treatment A, C, and D, but not with treatment B. However, treatment B showed a relatively better performance based on the SR, FCR, and WG at 96.67 %, 1.05 %, and 3.49 %, respectively.
Editorial Board
Authors: Husein Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada (Journal of Fisheries Sciences) is a journal published by the Department of Fisheries Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, to promote critical studies on various investigative issues of interest in the field of fisheries sciences between researchers, academics, students, and the general public, as a means of communication, dissemination, and utilization of wider scientific works.
In-Hospital and 1-Year Mortality Trends in a National Cohort of US Veterans with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Sohaney Ryann , Yin Huiying , Shahinian Vahakn , Saran Rajiv , Burrows Nilka Ríos , Pavkov Meda E. , Banerjee Tanushree , Hsu Chi-yuan , Powe Neil , Steffick Diane , Zivin Kara , Heung Michael
Published: February 2022

Background and objectives

AKI, a frequent complication among hospitalized patients, confers excess short- and long-term mortality. We sought to determine trends in in-hospital and 1-year mortality associated with AKI as defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes consensus criteria.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

This retrospective cohort study used data from the national Veterans Health Administration on all patients hospitalized from October 1, 2008 to September 31, 2017. AKI was defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes serum creatinine criteria. In-hospital and 1-year mortality trends were analyzed in patients with and without AKI using Cox regression with year as a continuous variable.

Results

We identified 1,688,457 patients and 2,689,093 hospitalizations across the study period. Among patients with AKI, 6% died in hospital, and 28% died within 1 year. In contrast, in-hospital and 1-year mortality rates were 0.8% and 14%, respectively, among non-AKI hospitalizations. During the study period, there was a slight decline in crude in-hospital AKI-associated mortality (hazard ratio, 0.98 per year; 95% confidence interval, 0.98 to 0.99) that was attenuated after accounting for patient demographics, comorbid conditions, and acute hospitalization characteristics (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.99 per year; 95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 1.00). This stable temporal trend in mortality persisted at 1 year (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.00 per year; 95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 1.00).

Conclusions

AKI associated mortality remains high, as greater than one in four patients with AKI died within 1 year of hospitalization. Over the past decade, there seems to have been no significant progress toward improving in-hospital or long-term AKI survivorship.
Attitudes of Filipino Youth Customers Toward Online Shopping
Authors: S. Santos Kim Edward
Published: February 2022

Among the numerous platforms for business and trade, online shopping is a new and emerging platform that provides consumers with convenience. The purpose of this study was to examine how Filipino youth customers use online shopping in terms of factors such as convenience, web design/features, time savings, and security. The descriptive method was used in this study The study surveyed a total of 67 respondents aged 16 to 19, all of whom were students at Wesleyan University-Philippines. The researcher concluded that the use of online shopping (1) saves time when purchasing products / services; (2) is easy and convenient by choosing and making comparison with other products; (3) provides all relevant and accurate information about their products / services; and (4) gives opportunity to check that their transaction online will not cause any problem by considering legitimate online sellers. It was then recommended that (1) in order to improve the aspects that influence consumers, it is vital to understand their experience with online shopping; (2) consumers must always check the authenticity of online shopping page, its product and services; and (3) further research must be included in terms of buying behavior of customer towards online shopping.
Perceived Parental Involvement in the Academic Experience of Business Administration Students
Authors: Esquivel-Santos MA Germina
Published: February 2022

Parental involvement has been linked to a variety of positive outcomes for students.The study described the role of business administration students' parents' profession, employment, and business.This study employed a descriptive method and surveyed a total of 312 students from different majors of Business Administration. The researcher examined the parental involvement in the academic experiences of Business Administration students in terms of parents’ profession, parents’ employment, and parents’ business. When students feel supported and loved by their parents, their self-confidence is boosted leading to feel competent in making job decisions later in life. Students perform better than their peers when their parents are financially capable. Thus, parent’s financial status may contribute to the academic achievements of students.Regardless of their occupation, parents should retain their dedication or communication to their children. In terms of students’ schoolwork, parents should always provide their children advice. In response, students must respect and honor their parents' occupations and businesses. In addition, parents must set aside time for their children to maintain the parent-child bond. Lastly, parents should assist their children in completing their education by making the appropriate arrangements to facilitate study. Future researchers should aim to do additional research on the elements that influence student academic experiences at different stages of education, such as primary and secondary school.
The Contribution of Career Guidance Service in Public Secondary Schools towards Professional Training: A Case of Magu District, Mwanza
Authors: Alloph Justine Matiko , Tibategeza Dr Eustard
Published: February 2022

The study sought to examine the influence of career guidance services provided in public secondary schools on students’ choices of future professional training in Magu district, Mwanza- Tanzania. The study was guided by Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) that was developed by Lent, Brown, and Hackett in 1994. The study employed convergent parallel research design under mixed research approach which help in data collection, analysis of data. The sample size was 152 participants, simple randomly sampling was used to select secondary school teachers and form four students from. While purposive sampling was used to select public secondary school leavers in 2020 and head of secondary schools. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics with the helper of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21 and presented in frequency, percentages, graphs and charts. Qualitative data were collected through interview and analyzed thematically by creating themes. The study revealed that career guidance service that was provided in public secondary schools was ineffective; hence, making secondary school leavers to join unplanned professional training since it did not contribute to the students’ choices of future professional training. The government should ensure provision of career guidance services training to teachers.
Teachers' Participation in Decision Making and Work Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Meru District Council in Arusha Tanzania
Authors: Macha Exaudi Peter , Mhagama Michaela
Published: February 2022

Teachers' participation in decision-making plays a significant in their work performance. In Tanzania, the idea of participation in decision-making emerged from decentralization policy and was adopted in the field of education through the Education and Training Policy of 1995. The theme was to emphasize that school administrators involve teachers in decision-making to improve school work performance. This study sought to find out the relationship between teachers' participation in decision-making and their work performance and identified the factors affecting teachers' participation in decision-making to work performance in secondary schools. Also, the study anchored on Transformational Leadership Theory developed by Mac Gregory Burns in 1978. Moreover, the study adopted a mixed research approach specifically convergent parallel to collate data from teachers, heads of schools, WEOs, and DEO for secondary schools. Validity and reliability of quantitative instruments were tested through content and appearance whereby 0.82 correlation coefficients were obtained to indicate the instruments were valid and reliable. Likewise, the reliability of qualitative tools was obtained through a triangulation system. Quantitative data were analyzed through a computer software program known as SPSS version 20 while qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis methods which involved assigning data into themes, categories, and summarization. The findings demonstrated that there is a relationship between teachers' participation in decision making as it increases efficiency, commitment, accountability and enhances students' performance. Also, the study indicated that teachers' participation in decision-making was affected by inadequate time for participation, financial challenges, facilities, transparency, and lack of leadership training. These factors led to poor academic performance in schools.
Effectiveness of Information Communication Technology Integration on Teaching and Learning in Public Secondary Schools in Mwanza, Tanzania: A Case of Misungwi District
Authors: Dongo Dongo Nzori , Mkulu Demetria Gerold
Published: February 2022

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of ICT integration on effective teaching and learning process in public secondary schools found in Misungwi district. The study employed mixed research approach and the convergent parallel design for data collection. The study targeted 8087 respondents which comprised 7760 students, 24 school heads, 300 secondary school teachers and 3 district education officers and used 100 respondents as a sample size. The study employed simple random, stratified and purposive sampling to select respondents and the data collection tools were questionnaires, interview and observation. The study revealed that implementation of ICT has many influences on effective teaching and learning process such as it enhances the accessibility of teaching and learning materials, improve teachers and students knowledge and skills and makes lesson more effective, makes student-centered and self-directed, makes and creative good teaching and learning environment, and improve high thinking capacity for students and teachers. The study recommended that ICT infrastructures such as computers and other ICT resources should be adequately provided, and secondary schools leaders should establish income generating projects to increase sources of funds, in-service training to teachers must be provided, as well as special programs on ICT should be provided to boost teachers experience and familiarity on the use of ICT in teaching and learning process.
Archaeological Finds at Palmov National Museum of Kalmykia, 1961–1991
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Kekeev Erdni
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Archaeological collections to have resulted from excavations in the territory of Kalmykia are currently stored at different museums of Russia, namely: Saratov Oblast Museum of Local History and Lore (Saratov), State Historical Museum (Moscow), Palmov National Museum of Kalmykia (Elista), and several other public museums of the region. The National Museum of Kalmykia houses all 1961 to present finds from archaeological surveys in the territory of the republic. Goals. The article describes results of the analysis of archaeological collections at Kalmykia’s National Museum to have been compiled after excavations of 1961–1991. The work provides a complete inventory of finds from the examined period, the latter divided into groups – by field seasons. In addition, it calculates and shapes a list of sites distinguished by largest numbers of finds. Results. A total of 117 mound groups were examined during field works in 1961–1991, including 1,143 mounds and 3,570 burials. The National Museum of Kalmykia houses 4,096 items from archaeological excavations of the mentioned period. Extension of excavation volumes resulted in an increased accumulation of archaeological objects: 46 items after the field season of 1961 — to 200–400 items per each subsequent year. The paper identifies archaeological sites to have yielded most numerous finds currently stored at the Museum: 1) East Manych mound group (559 items), 2) mound groups excavated along VolgaDon Canal route (423 items), 3) mound groups of Tsagan Usn burial ground (337 items). Other remarkable sites include as follows: settlement of Dzhangar (256 items), burial grounds of Dzhangar (235 items), Kuptsyn Tolga (195 items), Evdyk (189 items), Dyuker (180 items).
To Agricultural Executives with No Practical Skills of Their Own: Poetics of the Fable Cycle by Basang Dordzhiev
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Khaninova Rimma
Published: February 2022

Introduction. The satirical legacy of Kalmyk writer Basang B. Dordzhiev (1918–1969) includes both separate fables and one fable cycle created in 1961. The poet’s addresses to the genre of fable were not that often and never regular, the former witnessed mainly by the 1960s. The fables were published both in periodicals and in author’s editions. None of the fables have been translated into Russian. Neither have those become objects of research — except for our articles. Materials and methods. The study examines the fable cycle titled ‘To Agricultural Executives with No Practical Skills of Their Own’ (Kalm. Edär ed kedgo edl-akhun γardachnrt) by B. Dordzhiev and his sociallyoriented fables of the 1960s published in journals. The historical literary and comparative methods prove instrumental in defining genre differentiations within B. Dordzhiev’s satirical heritage ― fables, fable cycle, poetic feuilleton, and their characteristics. Goals. The article attempts insights into the fable cycle containing social criticism over incompetent directors of state-owned agricultural enterprises, revisits a number of other social fables dated to the 1960s. Results. To Agricultural Executives with No Practical Skills of Their Own comprises four fables, their titles clearly identifying themes and motifs, satirical types, and relations to folklore. The social orientation of the works coexists with moralities typical for other fables of this period. Conclusions. Despite that B. Dordzhiev, as a rule, mentioned no genre differentiations for his satirical works, this cycle can be identified as fable. This is indicated by both contents and form of the works, obligatory moralities at the end of each narrative, didactic aspect, and style. Some of the poet’s poetic feuilletons also draw satirical portraits of his contemporary rural officials.