bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Identification Time Analysis Using Queueing Model (Preprint)
Authors: Dolgopolovas Vladimiras
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

The article presents an application of a model of queues in series queueing system under overloading conditions to estimate the time of detection and identification of coronavirus (COVID-19) infections.

OBJECTIVE

The objective is to present a simplified probabilistic model for assessing the general tendency to estimate the period of time needed to detect and identify already infected citizens before the treatment process really begins.

METHODS

The law of the iterated logarithm is proved for such a system, which shows that the general identification process corresponds to the law of iterated logarithm.

RESULTS

Some numerical examples of a different number of evaluation parameters are provided.

CONCLUSIONS

The modelling results showed that the sojourn time of the patient in the process of coronavirus investigation/detection/identification and treatment in the case of imbalance in the system as a whole increase in accordance with the law of the iterated logarithm. Even if the process of the treatment phases is well arranged and generally balanced, in case of the rate of investigation/detection/identification is lower than the rate of infection, the total number of already infected and unidentified citizens will increase in accordance with the law of the iterated logarithm.
THE INFLUENCE OF EARLY MARRIAGE ON MONETARY POVERTY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rahayu Wulansari Dyah , Wahyuni, Ph.D. Heni
Published: March 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of early marriage on monetary poverty in Indonesia. Background Problems: Recent studies on early marriage show that the prevalence of early marriage in Indonesia reached 13.5 percent (Marshan et al., 2013) and that early marriage is exacerbated poverty which causes an increase of economic burden of the family (Djamilah, 2014), an increase of family harassment, divorce and not continuing individuals to schools (Putranti, 2012), and an increase of chances of poverty by 31 percent in the United States (Dahl, 2010). However, most studies are qualitative studies. Research Methods: The study uses recent data on Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), the year 2014; with a sample of women who are marriages at age less than 18 years old for their first marriage as a proxy for early marriage; and monthly per capita income as a measurement of monetary poverty. This study employs a binary method for binary dependent variable which is whether the woman experiences monetary poverty. Findings/Results: The result shows that the prevalence of early marriage in Indonesia is reached 16.36 percent. Among those, 46.61 percent of the women who were married in their teens (before 18 years old) do not pass the nine-years basic education, and 52.35 percent of the early marriage woman does not have a health insurance card. The results of binary probit model show that early marriage does not affect the possibility of a woman experiencing monetary poverty. It means that early marriage does not influence the monthly per capita income of the women. Conclusion: The results of this study may imply that other measurements of poverty may be needed to be concerned. Therefore, the policies that are related to reducing early marriage should consider the impact of other factors on poverty.
Novela popular vs. libro sobre cultura china: explicitaciones en la versión al español de Shanghai baby y Casada con Buda
Authors: Ku Menghsuan
Published: March 2020

El objetivo principal de este trabajo consiste en estudiar el fenómeno de explicitación en las traducciones al español de las novelas Shanghai baby y Casada con Buda, de Wei Hui (1973) —integrante de la “última generación” de escritores chinos, considerada pionera en su tratamiento audaz de temas tabú—, así como la relación entre los diferentes métodos de explicitación generados por los contextos particulares de los traductores. Para estudiar el corpus de los elementos explicitados en las traducciones, acudimos a la metodología descriptiva, aplicando las propuestas traductológicas tanto de la cultura (Witte, 1987; Pym, 1993; Nord, 2001) como de la explicitación (Klaudy, 1998; Hurtado, 2001: 268–271; Englund, 2005: 34; Heltai, 2005: 65–66). Constatamos que, pese a tratarse de dos obras de la misma escritora, los traductores / intérpretes académicos y los traductores de novelas populares utilizan estilos divergentes de traducción en cada una.
C. Wellman, The Language of Ethics
Authors: Salazar Bondy A.
Published: March 2020

Resumen
Los ingredientes de la percepción
Authors: Gaos José
Published: March 2020

Resumen
Differential and Projectible Predicates
Authors: Foster Laurence
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Conocer y saber
Authors: Villoro Luis
Published: March 2020

Resumen
Funciones normativas y voluntad de signo
Authors: Vernengo Roberto J.
Published: March 2020

Legal philosophers and logicians study problems related to the syntactical and semantical aspects of norms, without worrying about the ilocutionary aspects of their use. With Kelsen 's posthumous work, the Allgemeine Theorie der Normen, and the new preoccupations of deontic logicians, it seems that what is called the "normative functions" of norms are becoming a central point of the discussions between logicians and philosophers of law and moralists. Traditionally, the ilocutionary aspects of norms has been construed as the question of the empirical manifestation of the will, as it is suppossed that every norm expresses somebody's will. Nevertheless, that thesis -although traditional in legal and moral thought- implies some metaphysical presuppositions concerning the ontological status of what is called "the will" which must be brought to light if jurisprudence is going to attain a modern scientific approach. In Kelsen's work it seems clear that the relationship between das Sollen and das Wollen is where that old metaphysical idea regains strength. It can be found in Thomas Aquinas -and the c1assicalscholastics- a sort of theory on the empirical expression of acts of will, know as signa voluntatis, which keeps close and analogy with the normative functions of modern jurisprudence. Perhaps the theory of positive law, as manifestation of signa voluntatis, would establish a bridge between modern legal positivism and some forms of classical natural law.
Existence
Authors: Khatchadourian Haig
Published: March 2020

En la sección I hago un análisis parcial de los conceptos normales de existencia, en parte para hacer una evaluación de la posición de Murray Kiteley sobre la existencia en “Is Existence a Predicate?”. Él correctamente argumenta que ‘existencia’ tiene dos usos importantes, uno de los cuales —el uso llamado “no excluyente” (‘existencia1’)— no es un predicado lógico. Pero yo sostengo que, siguiendo a Leonard Hall en “Excluders”, Kiteley da una versión equivocada de la naturaleza del segundo uso de ‘existencia’, al que llama el uso “excluyente” (‘existencia2’). La característica esencial que creo que distingue al segundo uso del primero consiste en el hecho de que aquél es espacial y temporalmente locativo. Algunas de las exclusiones de las oraciones en que aparece ‘existencia2’ son una consecuencia directa de esta característica especial. En la sección II siguen presente el intento de mostrar que ‘existe’ no es un predicado en el sentido importante, especialmente en relación con la posición de George Nakhnikian y Wesley Salmon sobre el tema en “‘Exists’ as a Predicate”. También argumento, mostrando mi acuerdo con Jaakko Hintikka (en “Studies in the Logic of Existence and Necessity”), que la definición que ellos dan de “E” como autoidentidad (b=b) es inadecuada. Pero (Ex)(b=x), que Hintikka propone como “el candidato más natural” para ‘b existe’, tampoco constituye una definición, ni siquiera una caracterización, de ‘existe1’; yo sostengo, de hecho, que tanto ‘existe1’ como ‘existe2’ parecen ser incapaces de ser definidos estrictamente, en el sentido de ser parafraseados. En la última sección argumento contra la posición (1) de NakHnikian y Salmon —y de Quine— de que “todo existe” o de que no hay “posibles no actualizados”, parcialmente en términos de la crítica que de ello hacen Hintikka y Nicholas Rescher. También argumento contra la posición (2) de que “no podemos concebir ningún no existente”. [H.K.] Traducción de Alejandro Herrera Ibañez
'Conceptual Turn' in Recent Philosophy
Authors: Gobar Ash
Published: March 2020

Tanto el significado como la razón de ser del "cambio conceptual", evento de reconocida importancia en la filosofía contemporánea, se explican en términos de: (a) el surgimiento de la concepción de la filosofía como una "metaciencia" (versus una "metagramática"); (b) la reconstrucción del argumento que está en la base de este "cambio conceptual"; y, finalmente, (c) los presupuestos ontológicos (mostrados por el modelo del "triángulo epistemológico") necesarios para el cambio. El dilema común en muchos círculos filosóficos de que o bien la filosofía es una ciencia o no es nada, es superado así: la filosofía es la metaciencia de los conceptos y los paradigmas invariantes. Y es sobre esta base que es posible redefinir, ab novo, la relación complementaria entre la filosofía moderna y las artes y las ciencias.
The Object of Desire
Authors: Platts Mark
Published: March 2020

Aquino sostuvo que en tanto que una persona actúa intencionalmente, actúa a la luz de un bien imaginado, G.E.M. Anscombe ha tratado de elucidar el concepto de deseo en términos de la noción de 'una caracterización de deseabilidad'. Este trabajo es un intento de conectar, elucidar y, hasta cierto grado, modificar esas dos ideas. Primero, se explican las nociones distintivas de carencia y de necesidad de alguien (§ § 3-5); luego se usan estas nociones para presentar una caracterización aproximada de una caracterización de deseabilidad (§ 6). La propuesta es que casi todas estas caracterizaciones buscan detener en un fin acordado la pregunta de por que un agente tiene algún deseo caracterizando de manera objetiva el objeto de ese deseo, de modo tal que se comunique la percepción del agente de la deseabilidad de dicho objeto, revelando así su deseo como respuesta a esa deseabilidad. Más adelante se modifican algunos detalles de esa caracterización a la luz de la distinción de Stephen Schiffer entre "razón-produciendo deseos" y "razón-siguiendo deseos" (§ 11). Hacia la caracterización final, el autor modifica una tesis fuerte de Anscombe acerca de la necesidad de haber logrado una caracterización de deseabilidad para entender la adscripción de un deseo específico a una persona (§-7). EI autor critica también una concepción de deseo implícita en la discusión de Richard Taylor (en su libro Good and Evil) acerca del mito de Sísifo; con ello, se trata de aclarar las diferencias entre los deseos de seres humanos adultos y las disposiciones a "actuar" que se encuentran en otros animales (§ § 8-10).
J.E. Tomberlin (comp.), Philosophical Perspectives, 7, Language and Logic
Authors: Ezcurdia Maite
Published: March 2020

Resumen
Carlos E. Alchourrón. Breve biografía intelectual
Authors: Palau Gladys
Published: March 2020

This paper is a short intellectual biography of Professor Carlos E. Alchourrón. I analyze his main contributions in three fields: 1) the logic of normative systems, 2) the logic of theory change, and 3) the logic of defeasible conditionals. I review the historical development of his thought on these three subjects. Furthermore, I show how the problems that arise in the field of normative logic stimulated him to find solutions in the AGM theory and in defeasible logic. Lastly, I show how in his last papers these three fields converge in a general englobing approach.
Holismo semántico e inconmensurabilidad en el debate positivismo-antipositivismo
Authors: Gentile Nélida
Published: March 2020

According to the widespread interpretation, Kuhn’s philosophy of science confronts the core ideas held by logical empiricism, but this standard interpretation is objectionable. This paper attempts to show that two of the main components of Kuhn’s doctrine were clearly present in Carnap’s development: the incommensurability theory as well as the semantical holism on which that theory is founded —both of them permanently invoked by Kuhn along the road initiated in The Structure. There exists, however, some differences between the holistic conception Carnap embraced and that adopted by Kuhn, and this paper points out some of them. Finally, we try to evaluate the scope of the ontological commitments met by Carnap and by Kuhn.
"Mundo efectivo" o "mundo real" o actualmente se traiciona así
Authors: Abeledo Horacio , Flichman Eduardo H.
Published: March 2020

Resumen
The Constitutive Ideal of Rationality: Davidson and Sellars
Authors: McDowell John
Published: March 2020

The Constitutive Ideal of Rationality: Davidson and Sellars
Interrogatives and Sets of Answers
Authors: Stainton Robert J.
Published: March 2020

Interrogatives and Sets of Answers
Social Epistemology
Authors: Goldman Alvin I.
Published: March 2020

Social Epistemology
Wittgenstein on the Social Character of Language
Authors: Pinto Sílvio
Published: March 2020

Wittgenstein on the Social Character of Language
Does Epistemology Rest on a Mistake? Understanding Rorty on Scepticism
Authors: McDermid Douglas James
Published: March 2020

En este ensayo examino un argumento presentado por Richard Rorty en contra de la idea misma de "una teoría del conocimiento". Según Rorty, podemos dejar a un lado la epistemología, puesto que su proyecto central —la validación de nuestro llamado "conocimiento" del mundo, o la refutación del escepticismo— no puede formularse a menos que hayamos aceptado la idea de que el pensamiento o el lenguaje es un medio de representaciones. Trato de mostrar que el problema del escepticismo no se puede descartar así, puesto que este argumento no es válido, en parte porque Rorty comete la falta de usar equívocos (en su obra hay por lo menos seis sentidos distintos de representacionalismo).
Reglas, medios, habilidades. Debates en torno al análisis de "S sabe cómo hacer X"
Authors: Vega Encabo Jesús
Published: March 2020

Cuestiones referentes a la naturaleza de saber-cómo han sido a menudo olvidadas y desatendidas dentro de la epistemología contemporánea. Este artículo es un intento por recuperar parte de un debate que parece haber concluido con la tácita asunción de que saber-cómo es reducible a las versiones proposicionales del saber; para ello propone un diagnóstico sobre las cuestiones implicadas en el análisis epistémico del saber-cómo. El enfrentamiento entre "disposicionalistas" y "proposicionalistas" pasa a ser entendido como una disputa acerca de dos modos diferentes de explicar la normatividad del conocimiento de las reglas. De manera general, saber-cómo consiste en captar aquellas reglas que explicarían el éxito al hacer algo. Finalmente, proporciono una crítica de las versiones reductivas tradicionales del saber-cómo a conocimiento de proposiciones y ofrezco una propuesta para aclarar la naturaleza de la "captación práctica" de reglas en términos de aquellas capacidades y competencias que son identificadas subjetivamente por un agente y guían prácticamente su conducta.
Realization
Authors: Hendel Giovanna
Published: March 2020

So far no clear explication of the notion of realization has been offered, in spite of the frequent uses of the notion in the literature to discharge important jobs, such as that of accounting for the causal efficacy of the mental in a physical world, and that of providing a viable characterization of physicalism, and/or psychophysical reduction. I put forward an account of realization as an identity-like relation. I argue that such account has the following advantages: (a) it provides a picture under which it makes sense to use the same term, i.e. 'realization', to pick out relations that differ in their relata, as it happened in the original uses of the term 'realization'; (b) it helps to understand how well, if at all, some appeals to realization in the literature can discharge the jobs mentioned; (c) more generally, it makes clear what realization can do.
La probabilidad como grado de posibilidad
Authors: Rolleri José Luis
Published: March 2020

En desacuerdo crítico con la interpretación propensiva popperiana, sostengo la tesis de que el concepto matemático de probabilidad puede ser interpretado como el grado de posibilidad física.Sea el suceso singular e el estado final de la evolución de un sistema físico S, dado un estado inicial específico de S, entonces e es físicamente posible, relativamente a una teoría T, si el estado inicial de S es descriptible por T y la descripción del suceso e es prescriptible por las leyes de T.En la teoría cuántica, el carácter objetivo de esta propuesta radica en que las descripciones probabilistas cuánticas son irreductibles a descripciones clásicas con variables ocultas locales. Sustento esta interpretación mostrando que hay una representación implícita de enunciados probabilistas cuánticos referentes a los resultados posibles de procesos experimentales de observables con un espectro discreto de valores propios.
Hacia una filosofía de la experimentación
Authors: Ferreirós José , Ordóñez Javier
Published: March 2020

El artículo intenta promover una recepción más amplia de los trabajos recientes sobre filosofía de la actividad científica experimental. Primero se comentarán los orígenes y las características de la tradición teoreticista predominante, criticando sus presupuestos y sus "miserias". Se analizará luego la función de los instrumentos, proponiendo una tipología de la actividad experimental, aunque elemental —esperamos— útil. Tras analizar la estructura del experimento, empleando contribuciones de Pickering y otros, discutiremos la dinámica de la experimentación: los procesos de formación de datos. Ésta es, obviamente, la cuestión más crucial y debatida, de la que depende la especificidad y fiabilidad de los métodos científicos.
Mario Gómez-Torrente, Forma y modalidad. Una introducción al concepto de consecuencia lógica
Authors: Barceló Aspeitia Axel
Published: March 2020

En nuestro concepto cotidiano de consecuencia, al que apelamos cada vez que decimos que algo se sigue de otra cosa, se confunden una multiplicidad de relaciones: consecuencia analítica, consecuencia metafísica, etc. Entre ellas, la filosofía se ha ocupado de manera central de la noción de consecuencia lógica, porque la considera la más fundamental. Ésta se distingue de otros tipos de consecuencia por ser aquella en la que (propiedad modal) la conclusión se sigue por necesidad lógica de las premisas, de tal modo que (propiedad formal) todo argumento de la misma forma muestra la misma propiedad modal.
Predelli and García-Carpintero on Literal Meaning
Authors: Recanati François
Published: March 2020

A summary of François Recanati’s book Literal Meaning (section 1), followed by his response to the critical reviews of the same book by Stefano Predelli (section 2) and Manuel García-Carpintero (section 3).
Daniel Kalpokas, Richard Rorty y la superación pragmatista de la epistemología
Authors: Crelier Andrés
Published: March 2020

Daniel Kalpokas, Richard Rorty y la superación pragmatista de la epistemología
El valor moral del arte y la emoción
Authors: Pérez Carreño Francisca
Published: March 2020

Frente al moralismo moderado, este ensayo defiende una forma de autonomismo moderado. Reconoce que en ocasiones la obra de arte excita emociones moralmente inadecuadas sin que ello impida su comprensión, y que esto podría contribuir a la clarificación de nuestra vida mental. El autonomismo moderado sostiene que el carácter autónomo de la obra de arte, representacional o ficcional, permite relajar nuestras exigencias morales. Sólo cuando la falsedad perjudica la verosimilitud se puede producir el fracaso de la obra: no por provocar emociones moralmente inadecuadas, sino al presentar como verdadero en la ficción algo falso o incoherente con la verdad en realidad.
McDowell’s Dogmatic Empiricism
Authors: Coll Mármol Jesús Antonio
Published: March 2020

McDowell’s Mind and World offers an epistemological proposal that can be considered as minimally empiricist. His proposal is a notion of experience —appearings—that has a conceptualized character and can serve as a justification for our beliefs. I will argue that even though McDowell’s appearings partially solve some of the problems raised against the myth of the Given, they cannot offer a justification for our beliefs. This is so because although appearings do not fall into the dualism of scheme and content, they are the product of another dogmatic distinction that McDowell maintains: the distinction between active and passive kinds of thought.
“Above the Sceptred Sway”: Retrieving the Quality of Mercy
Authors: Ransome William F.
Published: March 2020

Mercy is often thought to be a praiseworthy moral virtue. However, the quality of mercy has been thrown into doubt. Since to be merciful is to be lenient to a wrongdoer beyond the dictates of justice, it seems as if mercy cannot be a praiseworthy virtue. I argue that several recent attempts to reconcile mercy with justice fail, and that the subsequent endeavour to resurrect mercy as a praiseworthy moral virtue is doubtful. However, I also show how the praiseworthy quality of mercy can be retrieved, if we carefully reconstruct the moral case in its favour outside the law.
Marc Lange, Natural Laws in Scientific Practice
Authors: De Donato Rodríguez Xavier
Published: March 2020

Marc Lange, Natural Laws in Scientific Practice, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000, xvi + 348 pp.
El argumento contra la suerte moral: articulación y respuesta
Authors: Rosell Sergi
Published: March 2020

En la primera parte del artículo se reconstruye detalladamente el argumento global contra la suerte moral en todos sus tipos, distinguiendo dos estrategias principales (moderada y radical). A continuación se defiende que ninguna de ellas es sostenible, pues si la primera resulta insuficiente, la segunda es impráctica y finalmente incoherente. Fundamentalmente se intenta mostrar que un argumento definitivo contra la suerte moral en todos sus tipos dependerá por necesidad de la noción imposible de merecimiento incondicionado, o merecimiento verdadero (esencial), en el sentido especialmente fuerte de función estricta del control del agente (o estrictamente proporcional a dicho control).
Problems of Ensuring Safe Operation of Freight Wagon Trolleys at Low Temperatures
Authors: Khlybov A. A. , Kabaldin Yu. G. , Anosov M. S. , Ryabov D. A. , Sentyureva V. I.
Published: March 2020

Представлена оценка хладостойкости стали 20ГЛ, которая широко применяется для изготовления ответственных конструкций (в частности, тележек грузовых вагонов), эксплуатирующихся при пониженных температурах.Для решения поставленной задачи были проведены испытания на ударный изгиб исследуемых металлов в диапазоне температур климатического холода (–80…–20 оС) с последующим исследованием изломов металлов, проведена оценка структурного состояния стали, которая подвергалась термической обработке по режиму завода-изготовителя и термоциклической обработке (ТЦО).Исследования проводились с использованием маятникового копра МК-300, специально разработанного для охлаждения образцов камеры, а также методов оптической (KEYENCE VHX-1000) и электронной микроскопии (JSM-3U), фрактографических исследований. В ходе исследования были получены данные по изменению ударной вязкости, механизмам разрушения металла для широкого диапазона низких температур, а также по температуре вязко-хрупкого перехода. Проведена операция ТЦО сплава 20ГЛ для оценки влияния измельчения зерна на работоспособность при отрицательных температурах.В результате проведенной работы дана оценка хладостойкости стали 20ГЛ. Установлено, что термическая обработка завода-изготовителя, состоящая из нормализации и высокого отпуска, позволяет обеспечивать надежную эксплуатацию изделий из исследуемой стали до –20 оС, что соответствует температуре вязко-хрупкого перехода (Т50). Показано, что измельчение зерна при ТЦО не улучшает хладостойкость стали 20ГЛ, наоборот, происходит смещение температуры вязко-хрупкого перехода в сторону бόльших температур (Т50 = –13 оС). Однако результаты измерения микротвердости (до ТЦО 1591 МПа, после ТЦО 1911 МПа) показывают улучшение прочностных характеристик исследуемой стали после термоциклической обработки.
Temporal self-appraisal in a Chinese context: Distancing autobiographical memory following self-uncertainty salience
Authors: Yang Qing , Ybarra Oscar , van den Bos Kees , Zhao Yufang , Guan Lili , Huang Xiting
Published: March 2020

On the premise that individuals are inclined to self-enhance, in temporal self-appraisal (TSA) theory it is suggested that people can motivationally reconstruct subjective distances from their past self to serve that goal. However, given the mixed evidence found in an East Asian cultural
context (i.e., Japan), it is important to test the cultural applicability of TSA in a different East Asian culture. Thus we tested the TSA of a Chinese sample, focusing on past-self distance reconstruction. The results supported the prediction suggested in TSA theory, in that participants
tended to feel farther away from negative (vs. positive) past experiences. Further, this effect was greater when people were primed with a self-threat (i.e., self-uncertainty salience). These patterns were found independently of whether the past experience was recent (3 months ago) or in the
distant past (3 years ago). Implications for crosscultural applicability of TSA theory are discussed.
Perlindungan Keluarga Terpidana Hukuman Cambuk dalam Qanun Aceh
Authors: Suhardi Indra
Published: March 2020

Abstrak: Hukuman penjara berimbas luas kepada suami, istri, dan anak serta keluarga besar terpidana.  Selama ini, negara tidak memberikan advokasi bagi keluarga narapidana. Ini berbeda dengan hukuman cambuk yang dinilai lebih manusiawi. Pertanyaannya, apakah pidana cambuk di Aceh dapat menjadi alternatif perlindungan keluarga terpidana?  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum Islam tampak lebih jelas dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap masyarakat, termasuk keluarga pelaku/terpidana; didasarkan kepada nilai-nilai yang dapat ditemukan di dalam al-Qur'an dan hadis. Keberadaan hukuman cambuk di Aceh dapat menjadi alternatif bagi perlindungan keluarga terpidana. Namun demikian, diperlukan pemisahan tegas antara konsep hudud dengan takzir untuk dapat mencapai maqāṣid al-syarī`ah  dan merealiasikan tujuan penghukuman. Untuk itu, diperlukan penguatan norma dalam bentuk alternatif bentuk `uqubat berupa gabungan antara cambuk, penjara, dan denda. Selain itu itu juga diperlukan regulasi khusus untuk pembinaan terpidana pascaeksekusi cambuk.Abstract: Prison sentences have a wide impact on the husband, wife, and children and extended family of convicts. So far, the state does not provide advocacy for the families of prisoners. This is different from caning that is considered more human. The question is, can caning in Aceh be an alternative protection for convicted families? The results showed that Islamic law appeared to be more clear in providing protection to the community, including the families of the perpetrators / convicted persons; based on values that can be found in the Qur'an and Hadith. The existence of caning in Aceh can be an alternative for the protection of convicted families. However, a strict separation between the concept of hudud and takzir is needed to be able to reach the maqāṣid al-syarī`ah and realize the purpose of punishment. For this reason, it is necessary to strengthen the norm in the form of an alternative form of uqubat in the form of a combination of whips, prisons and fines. In addition, it also requires special regulations for fostering convicted men after caning.
Conception and evaluation of a structural equation model to measure the reputation of German horticulture
Authors: Isaak Marike , Brenneke Iris , Lentz Wolfgang
Published: March 2020

The reputation of a sector is an important strategic resource. The aim of this article is to develop a measurement model for the horticulture sector. Reputation is a latent variable and is represented by formative and reflective indicators. A theoretically elaborated model will be evaluated and completed with the help of experts (n=102), and the segments that influence reputation will be identified. The quality assessment of the formative indicators, using multiple regression, and the reflective indicators, using an explorative factor analysis, led to a model with a total of 15 indicators. With the help of open questions, it was possible, to specify the indicators already considered or to include them in the model as new indicators. A reputation map shows the interaction between the reputation of horticulture and that of the individual segments. This shows a much greater influence of the service segments on the sector reputation compared to the production segments.
TINJAUAN BENTUK PENGGUNAAN BAHAN/MATERIAL RUMAH(BUMI) ADAT KAMPUNG CIKONDANG, DESA LAMAJANG
Authors: Sriwardani Nani , Savitri Savitri
Published: March 2020

This research at some part was an overview of previous studies which is standardization of the form of air circulation in Bumi Adat Kampung Cikondang, Village Lamajang and had been published in proceeding Sinden 2018.Bumi Adat Cikondang as object research in the Village Lamajang is selected since there is only one traditional house left in this village and it has become the site of cultural heritage. Architecture of Bumi Adat is built around the 16th century, and currently is a part of tourism in West Java. The traditional house lost during the fire in 1942, and was not be built again because of local restriction believes as well as limited building material in the sacred woods. Bumi Adat is in total use of natural material, such as bamboo, wood and palm fibers.The use of natural materials for the whole building create the work that have been able to survive until now.Methods used in this research is a qualitative methodology with descriptive analysis supported by observation and study in the field and study in literature review.The aimed at this research is to describing the shape of the use of natural material until become traditional building.
TINJAUAN PENGORGANISASIAN FUNGSI PADA DOMPET PRIA
Authors: Anggita Dena
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine the types of men's wallets along with items and what features are contained in the wallet. A wallet is a container that is used to store money or valuable cards. Along with the times and lifestyles, wallets come with various designs and features, but many wallets have changed because of the needs and development of payment technology, so users must be able to adjust wallet designs according to their needs. This study uses a qualitative method, the research method used to examine natural object conditions where the researcher is a key instrument, source and data sampling is done in a "purposive" and "snowball" technique, data collection techniques with triangulation (combined), Next, what the researchers do is interpret the results of the data analysis which will finally get a conclusion that contains the essence of all research data. The results showed that there are 5 types of men's wallets and each type of wallet has its own organizing functions and has a quick access feature.
TINJAUAN MAINAN LOKAL MENGGUNAKAN KECENEDERUNGAN BASIC NEEDS DESIGN, SOCIAL NEEDS DESIGN DAN LOCAL WISDOM DESIGN
Authors: Soedarwanto Hady
Published: March 2020

The toy product industry is currently stretching and becoming one of the major companies in the world. Those industries are still monopolized by developed countries. Developing countries such as Indonesia have the opportunity to participate in the competition of the toy product industry. The way to deal with the problem is by developing existing potential by utilizing existing local wisdom. Through research on local toys, it is expected to be an opportunity for the possibility of that competition. By using three phenomena in design is expected to open many changes for many new possibilities in the toy industry. The design phenomena are the basic needs tendency (Vitruvius Theory), social needs tendencies (Sir Henry Wotton's theory) and local wisdom tendencies (Viktor Papanek, Schulz and Y.B.Mangunwijaya's Theory). The theory is used to extract the values of basic needs, social needs and local wisdom that is typical of the toy in order to get the variables of the design requirements to be used in the development of scientific design, especially toy product design. The results of this study get about how the design fulfills its basic needs, fulfills its social needs and raises the value of its local wisdom.
Ambassadors of the Sensible World
Authors: Gamboni Aurélien
Published: March 2020

We may work on things, but the opposite is perhaps even more true: things work on us. Reflecting on several projects of art and research that I have been involved in over the past years, which address different aspects of the environmental mutations currently in process, this paper will aim to partly divert from a usual focus on the deliberate intentions and goals that we can set ourselves as authors, rather observing how various objects of concern can progressively grow in our conscience and in our practice, calling for new transdisciplinary and investigative tools.

These projects include the observation of a negotiation summit re-enacted at SciencesPo Paris in 2012, during which the « specter » of climate change seemed to appear in the room as an almost physical presence; the long term artistic research project « A tale as a tool » developed with anthropologist and writer Sandrine Teixido, involving a text of fiction as an investigative object of mediation, allowing to collect testimonies by members of frontline communities from the South of Brazil to the North of Norway; and the research project « The Anthropocene Atlas of Geneva » at Geneva school of Art and Design, gathering self-reflexive interviews with numerous scientists, artists and other actors of the ecological transition.
Evaluación del estado metabólico, el peso vivo y la condición corporal durante la gestación en vacas de carne en la Altillanura Colombiana
Authors: Lopez-García Gerardo , Gongora-Orjuela Agustin , Díaz-González Félix , Rojas-Rodríguez Adriana
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de este estudio, fue conocer los valores promedios de diferentes metabolitos, la variación del peso vivo (PV) y la condición corporal (CC) en vacas Cebú (C) y Simmental x Cebú (SC) bajo pastoreo extensivo en una finca de la Altillanura Colombiana. Se utilizaron 19 vacas multíparas y durante cada trimestre de la gestación, se evaluaron los niveles de Glucosa (Glu), Colesterol (Col), Proteína totales (Ptt), Albúmina (Alb), Globulinas (Glo), Hemoglobina (Hb), Hematocrito (Hto), Nitrógeno en sangre (BUN), Cobre (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Calcio (Ca), Magnesio (Mg), Fósforo (P), y Aspartato aminotransferasa (AST). Los niveles de Glu, Hb, Hto, BUN, Ca, presentaron variaciones significativas durante los trimestre evaluados (P<0,05), con deficiencias de Cu y Zn. El PV y la CC presentaron una relación lineal en función del avance de la gestación. Se reconoce la importancia de los perfiles metabólicos (PM) como una herramienta para identificar los posibles imbalances nutricionales y la manera de corregir las deficiencias, con el propósito de hacer mas eficiente el sistema productivo.
Consumo de agua tratada de producción petrolera en la fertilidad del bovino macho del sistema doble propósito
Authors: Velásquez-Penagos José G. , Velásquez-Penagos José H. , Gutiérrez-Parrado Sonia Lucía , Barajas-Pardo Diana Patricia , Neira-Rivera Eliana , Ortiz-Valdés Ciro , Onofre-Rodríguez Héctor G.
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el consumo de agua tratada proveniente de la producción petrolera en la calidad seminal del macho bovino reproductor, para ello se seleccionaron 16 toros entre 4 y 5 años distribuidos en dos grupos en los centros de investigaciones La Libertad de Agrosavia en Villavicencio y el Área de sostenibilidad agroenergetica, ASA en Acacias con disponibilidad de agua tratada de los campos petroleros, Apiay (A) y Castilla (C) respectivamente. Los animales seleccionados fueron distribuidos al azar para cada localidad en 4 tratamientos: 1) Consumo del 100 % agua de producción tratada; 2) consumo de mezcla 50 % agua de producción tratada y 50 % agua cruda; 3) consumo de mezcla 25 % agua de producción tratada y 75 % agua cruda; y 4) consumo 100 % agua cruda. Las variables consideradas fueron: calidad seminal para A y C determinadas por un sistema computarizado y de fertilidad in vitro para A evaluada por tinción fluorescente, Hoechst 33342. Los datos se analizaron estadística descriptiva, análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y pruebas de comparación de medias, Tukey, en un modelo de medidas repetidas en el tiempo. Los resultados indicaron, para calidad seminal, que los tratamientos que consumieron A y C en cada localidad presentaron diferencias (P < 0,05) para motilidad, 75,00±4,50, 69.24±4.13, espermatozoides motiles/100 células evaluadas, en el tratamiento dos respectivamente y en A para morfología, 76,67±2,06 espermatozoides normales/100 en el tratamiento cuatro, el índice de calidad espermática (ICE) no mostró diferencia (P > 0,05). Los resultados de unión espermatozoide - zona pelúcida mostraron diferencias entre tratamientos (P < 0,05), al igual que en fecundación in vitro, sin embargo, el comportamiento de estos cambios no indica asociación con el consumo de este tipo de agua. El estudio muestra que no se observan cambios contundentes o negativos que demuestren efecto en la fertilidad del toro por consumo de agua de producción tratada.
El compostaje, una alternativa para el aprovechamiento de residuos orgánicos en las centrales de abastecimiento
Authors: Vargas-Pineda Oscar I. , Trujillo-González Juan M. , Torres-Mora Marco A.
Published: March 2020

La pérdida de alimentos a lo largo de la cadena de suministro se ha convertido en un tema de gran interés en el mundo, debido a que afecta la seguridad alimentaria de la sociedad. Uno de estos eslabones de la cadena de distribución de alimentos son las centrales de abasto local, donde diariamente se pierden importantes cantidades de alimentos especialmente por carencia de protocolos de poscosecha. El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en analizar la pérdida de alimentos en la central de abastos del municipio de Acacias, Colombia y evaluar el sistema de compostaje como alternativa de gestión ambiental. Se realizó mediante el método de cuarteo la estimación de la cantidad y tipo de residuos desperdiciados, que posteriormente se sometieron al proceso de compostaje donde se evaluó la calidad del producto. En conclusión, los residuos orgánicos son un problema ambiental que requiere de alternativas como el compostaje, que permite reducir la cantidad y aprovechar el contenido nutricional de la fracción orgánica, generando subproductos con alto valor agregado.
Proto-indo-European ‘eat’ and ‘mouth’
Authors: Ligorio Orsat
Published: March 2020

PIE *h1o?-s- (= *h1oh1-s-) ?mouth? is derived from PIE *h1ed- ?to eat?, as an
s-stem o-grade postverbal, assuming that *dC yields *?C (= *h1C), which is a
well-known phenomenon of the Glottalic Theory.
The expression of evaluation and emotions in the language system
Authors: Trnavac Radoslava
Published: March 2020

The objective of this paper is to analyze the place of emotions within the
Appraisal system (MARTIN & WHITE 2005). On the basis of the qualitative
analysis of online comments from the newspapers Nezavisimaja.ru and Politika
Online in Russian and Serbian, as well as on the basis of constructed
examples in both languages, we define a relation between the subsystem of
emotions and other subsystems within Appraisal.
Constantine Porphyrogenitus, De administrando imperio and the Byzantine historiography of the mid-10th century
Authors: Komatina Predrag
Published: March 2020

The paper is dedicated to certain aspects of the treatise De administrando
imperio, composed at the court of Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus in
948-952. It first examines the diplomatic basis of the information collected
in the treatise, then the management of the information available from other
sources and some common information found in it and in other contemporary
works such as Theophanes Continuatus, Vita Basilii and De thematibus. It
closes with a conclusion about the authorship of the treatise and its place
in the context of the historiographical activity at the court of Constantine
VII Porphyrogenitus in the mid-10th century.
Ενα αινιγματικο χωριο στην oratio funebris in Stylianam filiam του Mιχαηλ Ψελλου
Authors: Papadopulos Aleksandros
Published: March 2020

?his study examines the funeral oration that Michael Psellos dedicated to the
memory of his only biological child, his daughter Styliane, who died before
the age of marriage when she was nine years old. ?s expected, her death
caused him unutterable sorrow and grief, since Styliane was his only child
for which he had high hopes for a future marriage corresponding to her
bodily, spiritual and mental virtues which are being thoroughly praised
throughout the funeral oration. However, at the end of his speech Psellos
makes an oblique reference to her using the phrase ?????????? ????????
(blessing of your siblings), raising the question of whether this statement
constitutes an allusion to the fact that Styliane had probably other
siblings, a brother or a sister. Therefore, the aim of the present article
is to stress the absence of a consensus among scholars concerning this
puzzling passage and to provide a new proposal aiming at its decipherment.
A note on homer the raven
Authors: Sijakovic Jovana
Published: March 2020

In the works of Clement of Alexandria pieces of Homeric verses surface from
time to time as a testimony to a Christian truth or an interpretation of
Scripture. Such instances in Gnostic writings presented evidence that these
Gnostic writers treated Homer as their own prophet. It seems that in light
of these accusations, Clement takes care to note that Homer did not
understand the words he gave a voice to, any more than a raven does when he
echoes what he hears. Furthermore, in all cases where Clement comes
conspicuously close to implying a prophetic-like status for Homer, he does
not fail to employ a phrase which explicitly divorces the poet from any
theological authority.
REMAJA PENGKONSUMSI PIL KOPLO DI DESA BATU AMPAR KECAMATAN KEMUNING KABUPATEN INDRA GIRI HILIR
Authors: Septiana Denis , Susilawati Nora , Erianjoni Erianjoni
Published: March 2020

Pil koplo (nitrazepam) merupakan salah satu jenis narkoba jenis psikotropika. Pil koplo digunakan dikalangan medis untuk mengobati anjing gila. Namun, obat-obatan ini disalahgunakan oleh masyarakat terutama dikalangan remaja dengan cara dikonsumsi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap terkaitfaktor pendorong mengaparemajaDesamengkonsumsipilkoplo. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Batu Ampar, Kecamatan kemenuning, Kabupaten Indragirihilir. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan teorianomidari Robert K.Merton,dan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studikasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tujuantersebutterdiridari (1) pengaruhlingkunganpertemanan: a. hobinongkrong, b. ketersediaansaranadanprasarana (2)keluarga: a. anakbisamencariuangsendiri, b. sudahkecanduan. Dari hasilpenelitiandapatdisimpulkanbahwaremajapengkonsumsipilkoplobanyakterdapat di DesaBatuAmpardansulituntukdihilangkankebiasaanmengkonsumsiobat-obatantersebut.
MAKNA SIMBOL PAKAIAN “ANAK NAGARI” DALAM BATAREWAI DI NAGARI KOTO GADANG
Authors: Ramadhani Magfirah , Fitriani Erda
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan relasi simbol pakaian anak nagari dalam batarewai di Nagari Kotogadang. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori interpretivisme simbolik yang dikemukakan oleh Clifford Geertz. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studi etnografi. Pemilihan informan dilakukan secara purposive sampling dengan jumlah informan 27 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi partisipasi pasif, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, serta validitas data dilakukan dengan triangulasi data. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis interpretatif dengan langkah-langkah hermeneutik data, menginterpretasikan data, interpretatif dipresentasikan. Hasil penelitian dari relasi simbol pakaian anak nagari dalam batarewai adalah; 1) pakaian anak nagari yang belum menikah, 2) pakaian anak nagari yang baru menikah, 3) pakaian anak nagari yang sudah lama menikah, 4) pakaian anak nagari usia lanjut.
At-a-glance - An update on positive mental health among youth in Canada
Authors: Varin Mélanie , Palladino Elia , Lary Tanya , Baker Melissa
Published: March 2020

The Positive Mental Health Surveillance Indicator Framework (PMHSIF) provides estimates of positive mental health outcomes and associated risk and protective factors for youth aged 12 to 17 years in Canada. This study explored the relationship between sociodemographic factors and psychological and social well-being among youth in Canada using data from the Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey 2016–2017. Grade and province were significantly associated with psychological and social well-being
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Yapılandırmacı Öğrenme Ortamı Algıları ve Derse Katılımlarının Demografik Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: KURT Uluhan , BAYAR Mirac Furkan
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı,
ortaokullarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin yapılandırmacı öğrenme ortamı algısı
ve fen bilimleri dersine katımlarının demografik değişkenler açısından
değişimini ve bu iki faktör arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmektir. Çalışmada
nicel araştırma yaklaşımlarından betimsel model kullanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda
çalışmanın örneklemini Erzurum ili Yakutiye ve Aziziye ilçesine bağlı 5
ortaokulda öğrenim gören 206 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama
aracı olarak “Yapılandırmacı Öğrenme Ortamı Ölçeği” ve “Derse Katılım Ölçeği”
kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler doğrultusunda öğrencilerin yapılandırmacı
öğrenme ortamı algısı ve derse katılım düzeyleri cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi ve
öğretmenin cinsiyeti açısından değişmezken yapılandırmacı öğrenme ortam algısı
öğrencilerin öğrenim gördüğü sınıf mevcudu açısından anlamlı fark göstermektedir.
Ayrıca yapılandırmacı öğrenme ortam algısı ile derse katılım ve derse katılım
boyutları olan davranışsal, duyuşsal, bilişsel ve aracı katılım arasında
ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Unidirectional Flax Roving and Sateen Weave Woven Fabric-Reinforced Composites
Authors: Lemmi Tsegaye Sh. , Barburski Marcin , Samuel Bethalihem T.
Published: March 2020

Natural fiber-reinforced composites are getting more attention from researchers and manufacturing companies to replace metals and synthetic materials that have dominated the manufacturing industries. In this study, the mechanical properties of unidirectional (UD) flax roving-reinforced composites and woven fabric-reinforced composites were investigated. Three different composites were prepared from flax rovings, which have the same linear density and epoxy resin matrix, with different reinforcement and composite preparation methods. The samples were subjected to experimental tests of flexural rigidity and tensile strength in a parallel and perpendicular direction to fiber orientation. The test results showed that flexural rigidity and tensile strength of flax fiber-reinforced composites are highly dependent on the direction of fiber orientation. The results also reveal that in a parallel direction to fiber orientation, UD composites have higher flexural rigidity and tensile strength than woven fabric-reinforced composite.