bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of venous thromboembolism with machine learning techniques in young-middle-aged inpatients
Authors: Liu Hua , Yuan Hua , Wang Yongmei , Huang Weiwei , Xue Hui , Zhang Xiuying
Published: June 2021

Accumulating studies appear to suggest that the risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) among young-middle-aged inpatients are different from those among elderly people. Therefore, the current prediction models for VTE are not applicable to young-middle-aged inpatients. The aim of this study was to develop and externally validate a new prediction model for young-middle-aged people using machine learning methods. The clinical data sets linked with 167 inpatients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE) and 406 patients without DVT or PE were compared and analysed with machine learning techniques. Five algorithms, including logistic regression, decision tree, feed-forward neural network, support vector machine, and random forest, were used for training and preparing the models. The support vector machine model had the best performance, with AUC values of 0.806–0.944 for 95% CI, 59% sensitivity and 99% specificity, and an accuracy of 87%. Although different top predictors of adverse outcomes appeared in the different models, life-threatening illness, fibrinogen, RBCs, and PT appeared to be more consistently featured by the different models as top predictors of adverse outcomes. Clinical data sets of young and middle-aged inpatients can be used to accurately predict the risk of VTE with a support vector machine model.
Intermittent decoherence blockade in a chiral ring environment
Authors: Lorenzo Salvatore , Longhi Stefano , Cabot Albert , Zambrini Roberta , Giorgi Gian Luca
Published: June 2021

It has long been recognized that emission of radiation from atoms is not an intrinsic property of individual atoms themselves, but it is largely affected by the characteristics of the photonic environment and by the collective interaction among the atoms. A general belief is that preventing full decay and/or decoherence requires the existence of dark states, i.e., dressed light-atom states that do not decay despite the dissipative environment. Here, we show that, contrary to such a common wisdom, decoherence suppression can be intermittently achieved on a limited time scale, without the need for any dark state, when the atom is coupled to a chiral ring environment, leading to a highly non-exponential staircase decay. This effect, that we refer to asintermittent decoherence blockade, arises from periodic destructive interference between light emitted in the present and light emitted in the past, i.e., from delayed coherent quantum feedback.
Comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal metabolic mechanisms of Nitraria sibirica Pall. to salt stress
Authors: Li Huanyong , Tang Xiaoqian , Yang Xiuyan , Zhang Huaxin
Published: June 2021

Nitraria sibirica Pall., a typical halophyte that can survive under extreme drought conditions and in saline-alkali environments, exhibits strong salt tolerance and environmental adaptability. Understanding the mechanism of molecular and physiological metabolic response to salt stress of plant will better promote the cultivation and use of halophytes. To explore the mechanism of molecular and physiological metabolic of N. sibirica response to salt stress, two-month-old seedlings were treated with 0, 100, and 400 mM NaCl. The results showed that the differentially expressed genes between 100 and 400 mmol L−1 NaCl and unsalted treatment showed significant enrichment in GO terms such as binding, cell wall, extemal encapsulating structure, extracellular region and nucleotide binding. KEGG enrichment analysis found that NaCl treatment had a significant effect on the metabolic pathways in N. sibirica leaves, which mainly including plant-pathogen interaction, amino acid metabolism of the beta alanine, arginine, proline and glycine metabolism, carbon metabolism of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, galactose, starch and sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction and spliceosome. Metabolomics analysis found that the differential metabolites between the unsalted treatment and the NaCl treatment are mainly amino acids (proline, aspartic acid, methionine, etc.), organic acids (oxaloacetic acid, fumaric acid, nicotinic acid, etc.) and polyhydric alcohols (inositol, ribitol, etc.), etc. KEGG annotation and enrichment analysis showed that 100 mmol L−1 NaCl treatment had a greater effect on the sulfur metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism in N. sibirica leaves, while various amino acid metabolism, TCA cycle, photosynthetic carbon fixation and sulfur metabolism and other metabolic pathways have been significantly affected by 400 mmol L−1 NaCl treatment. Correlation analysis of differential genes in transcriptome and differential metabolites in metabolome have found that the genes of AMY2, BAM1, GPAT3, ASP1, CML38 and RPL4 and the metabolites of L-cysteine, proline, 4-aminobutyric acid and oxaloacetate played an important role in N. sibirica salt tolerance control. This is a further improvement of the salt tolerance mechanism of N. sibirica, and it will provide a theoretical basis and technical support for treatment of saline-alkali soil and the cultivation of halophytes.
Truly-optimized PWR lattice for innovative soluble-boron-free small modular reactor
Authors: Nguyen Xuan Ha , Jang Seongdong , Kim Yonghee
Published: June 2021

A novel re-optimization of fuel assembly and new innovative burnable absorber (BA) concepts are investigated in this paper to pursue a high-performance soluble-boron-free (SBF) small modular reactor (SMR), named autonomous transportable on-demand reactor module (ATOM). A truly optimized PWR (TOP) lattice concept has been introduced to maximize the neutron economy while enhancing the inherent safety of an SBF pressurized water reactor. For an SBF SMR design, the 3-D centrally-shielded BA (CSBA) design is utilized and another innovative 3-D BA called disk-type BA (DiBA) is proposed in this study. Both CSBA and DiBA designs are investigated in terms of material, spatial self-shielding effects, and thermo-mechanical properties. A low-leakage two-batch fuel management is optimized for both conventional and TOP-based SBF ATOM cores. A combination of CSBA and DiBA is introduced to achieve a very small reactivity swing (< 1000 pcm) as well as a long cycle length and high fuel burnup. For the SBF ATOM core, safety parameters are evaluated and the moderator temperature coefficient is shown to remain sufficiently and similarly negative throughout the whole cycle. It is demonstrated that the small excess reactivity can be well managed by mechanical shim rods with a marginal increase in the local power peaking, and a cold-zero shutdown is possible with a pseudo checker-board control rod pattern. In addition, a thermal–hydraulic-coupled neutronic analysis of the ATOM core is discussed.
Machine learning enhances the performance of short and long-term mortality prediction model in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Lee Woojoo , Lee Joongyub , Woo Seoung-Il , Choi Seong Huan , Bae Jang-Whan , Jung Seungpil , Jeong Myung Ho , Lee Won Kyung
Published: June 2021

Machine learning (ML) has been suggested to improve the performance of prediction models. Nevertheless, research on predicting the risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been limited and showed inconsistency in the performance of ML models versus traditional models (TMs). This study developed ML-based models (logistic regression with regularization, random forest, support vector machine, and extreme gradient boosting) and compared their performance in predicting the short- and long-term mortality of patients with AMI with those of TMs with comparable predictors. The endpoints were the in-hospital mortality of 14,183 participants and the three- and 12-month mortality in patients who survived at discharge. The performance of the ML models in predicting the mortality of patients with an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was comparable to the TMs. In contrast, the areas under the curves (AUC) of the ML models for non-STEMI (NSTEMI) in predicting the in-hospital, 3-month, and 12-month mortality were 0.889, 0.849, and 0.860, respectively, which were superior to the TMs, which had corresponding AUCs of 0.873, 0.795, and 0.808. Overall, the performance of the predictive model could be improved, particularly for long-term mortality in NSTEMI, from the ML algorithm rather than using more clinical predictors.
Inhibition of discoidin domain receptors by imatinib prevented pancreatic fibrosis demonstrated in experimental chronic pancreatitis model
Authors: Bansod Sapana , Saifi Mohd Aslam , Godugu Chandraiah
Published: June 2021

Discoidin domain receptors (DDR1 and DDR2) are the collagen receptors of the family tyrosine kinases, which play significant role in the diseases like inflammation, fibrosis and cancer. Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a fibro-inflammatory disease in which recurrent pancreatic inflammation leads to pancreatic fibrosis. In the present study, we have investigated the role of DDR1 and DDR2 in CP. The induced expression of DDR1 and DDR2 was observed in primary pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and cerulein-induced CP. Subsequently, the protective effects of DDR1/DDR2 inhibitor, imatinib (IMT) were investigated. Pharmacological intervention with IMT effectively downregulated DDR1 and DDR2 expression. Further, IMT treatment reduced pancreatic injury, inflammation, extracellular matrix deposition and PSCs activation along with inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that inhibition of DDR1 and DDR2 controls pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis, which could represent an attractive and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CP.
Comparative transcriptomic and physiological analyses of weedy rice and cultivated rice to identify vital differentially expressed genes and pathways regulating the ABA response
Authors: Lang Hong , He Yuting , Zeng Faliang , Xu Fan , Zhao Minghui , Ma Dianrong
Published: June 2021

Weedy rice is a valuable germplasm resource characterized by its high tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stresses. Abscisic acid (ABA) serves as a regulatory signal in plant cells as part of their adaptive response to stress. However, a global understanding of the response of weedy rice to ABA remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the sensitivity to ABA of weedy rice (WR04-6) was compared with that of temperate japonica Shennong9816 (SN9816) in terms of seed germination and post-germination growth via the application of exogenous ABA and diniconazole, an inhibitor of ABA catabolism. Physiological analysis and a transcriptomic comparison allowed elucidation of the molecular and physiological mechanisms associated with continuous ABA and diniconazole treatment. WR04-6 was found to display higher ABA sensitivity than SN9816, resulting in the rapid promotion of antioxidant enzyme activity. Comparative transcriptomic analyses indicated that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in WR04-6 seedlings treated with 2 μM ABA or 10 μM diniconazole was greater than that in SN9816 seedlings. Genes involved in stress defense, hormone signal transduction, and glycolytic and citrate cycle pathways were highly expressed in WR04-6 in response to ABA and diniconazole. These findings provide new insight into key processes mediating the ABA response between weedy and cultivated rice.
Electric field-induced switching among multiple conductance pathways in single-molecule junctions
Authors: Gao Tengyang , Pan Zhichao , Cai Zhuanyun , Zheng Jueting , Tang Chun , Yuan Saisai , Zhao Shi qiang , Bai Hua , Yang Yang , Shi Jia , Xiao Zongyuan , Liu Junyang , Hong Wenjing
Published: June 2021

This is the first demonstration of in situ electric field-induced configuration changes in a single-molecule junction.
Power-dependent photophysical pathways of upconversion in BaTiO3:Er3+
Authors: Bae Hyeongyu , Lee Eunsang , Lee Kang Taek
Published: June 2021

The photophysical mechanism for the large change in green emission with increasing laser (1532 nm) pump-power in Er3+ incorporated BaTiO3 is proposed.
Enormous passivation effects of a surrounding zeolitic framework on Pt clusters for the catalytic dehydrogenation of propane
Authors: Zhang Zhiyang , Xu Wenlong , Ye Xiaomei , Xi Yonglan , Qiu Cunpu , Ding Liping , Liu Gui , Xiao Qingbo
Published: June 2021

The significant passivation effect of the zeolitic framework on the catalytic performance of Pt clusters for dehydrogenation of propane to propylene is displayed. Pt/NaX shows 1100% enhanced TOFs and largely improved selectivity compared with Pt@NaX.
Engineering graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for catalytic reduction of CO2to fuels and chemicals: strategy and mechanism
Authors: Lu Qingqing , Eid Kamel , Li Wenpeng , Abdullah Aboubakr M. , Xu Guobao , Varma Rajender S.
Published: June 2021

This review summarises the structural-compositional engineering of carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for electrocatalytic and photocatalytic CO2reduction to chemicals and fuels experimentally and theoretically.
A tunable temperature-responsive and tough platform for controlled drug delivery
Authors: Gao Shuting , Zhou Aying , Cao Bin , Wang Jing , Li Fanghua , Tang Guosheng , Jiang Zhicheng , Yang Anquan , Xiong Ranhua , Lei Jiandu , Huang Chaobo
Published: June 2021

A tunable temperature-responsive site-specific drug-delivery platform for tumor therapy.
Synthesis, structural analysis, electrochemical and magnetic properties of tetrachloroferrate ionic liquids
Authors: Zafar Anham , Imtiaz-ud-Din.  , Ahmed Safeer , Bučar Dejan-Krešimir , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Palgrave Robert G.
Published: June 2021

Eight ionic liquids have been synthesized with the tetrachloroferrate anion and varying cations, with the general formula of [RA]+[FeCl4]− (R = –CH3, –CH2C6H5; A = pyridine, benzimidazole, trimethylamine, triphenylphosphine).
Synthesis and structural and dielectric properties of Ca-doped PbTiO3 ceramics prepared by a hydrothermal method
Authors: Lahrar E. H. , El Ghadraoui O. , Zouhairi M. , Harrach A. , Lamcharfi T. , El Ghadraoui E. H.
Published: June 2021

The effect of the addition of Ca on the physicochemical properties of PbTiO3 (Pb1−xCaxTiO3; 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) synthesized by a hydrothermal method at low temperatures.
Hydrophilic modification of SLA 3D printed droplet generators by photochemical grafting
Authors: Bacha Tristan W. , Manuguerra Dylan C. , Marano Robert A. , Stanzione Joseph F.
Published: June 2021

A versatile method of manufacturing and directly modifying the surfaces of 3D printed microfluidic devices was developed. The device functionality was demonstrated by producing o/w emulsions that yielded polystyrene microspheres.
Colloidal quantum dots and metal halide perovskite hybridization for solar cell stability and performance enhancement
Authors: Yan Dong , Liu Mengxia , Li Zhe , Hou Bo
Published: June 2021

Metal halide perovskites and colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are two emerging classes of photoactive materials that have attracted considerable attention for next-generation high-performance solution-processed solar cells.
Tuning of visible light-driven CO2reduction and hydrogen evolution activity by using POSS-modified porous organometallic polymers
Authors: Wang Wei-Jia , Chen Kai-Hong , Yang Zhi-Wen , Peng Bo-Wen , He Liang-Nian
Published: June 2021

Introducing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) into Re-based porous organometallic polymers (POMPs) successfully optimizes the POMP morphology and electron transfer efficiency, balancing the CO/H2molar ratio of the formed syngas.
Biocompatibility and biodegradability of metal organic frameworks for biomedical applications
Authors: Singh Namita , Qutub Somayah , Khashab Niveen M.
Published: June 2021

The biocompatibility and biodegradability of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are discussed to highlight their best biomedical applications up-to-date.
Solid-solution (alloying) strategies in crystalline molecular conductors
Authors: Fourmigué Marc
Published: June 2021

Solid solutions in molecular conductors are key tools for investigating their conducting and magnetic properties, addressing phase transitions, chemical pressure effects and band filling manipulation.
Co-ordinated control of the Aurora B abscission checkpoint by PKCε complex assembly, midbody recruitment and retention
Authors: Watson Lisa , Soliman Tanya N. , Davis Khalil , Kelly Joanna , Lockwood Nicola , Yang Xiaoping , Lynham Steven , Scott John D. , Crossland Victoria , McDonald Neil Q. , Mann David J. , Armstrong Alan , Eggert Ulrike , Parker Peter J.
Published: June 2021

A requirement for PKCε in exiting from the Aurora B dependent abscission checkpoint is associated with events at the midbody, however, the recruitment, retention and action of PKCε in this compartment are poorly understood. Here, the prerequisite for 14-3-3 complex assembly in this pathway is directly linked to the phosphorylation of Aurora B S227 at the midbody. However, while essential for PKCε control of Aurora B, 14-3-3 association is shown to be unnecessary for the activity-dependent enrichment of PKCε at the midbody. This localisation is demonstrated to be an autonomous property of the inactive PKCε D532N mutant, consistent with activity-dependent dissociation. The C1A and C1B domains are necessary for this localisation, while the C2 domain and inter-C1 domain (IC1D) are necessary for retention at the midbody. Furthermore, it is shown that while the IC1D mutant retains 14-3-3 complex proficiency, it does not support Aurora B phosphorylation, nor rescues division failure observed with knockdown of endogenous PKCε. It is concluded that the concerted action of multiple independent events facilitates PKCε phosphorylation of Aurora B at the midbody to control exit from the abscission checkpoint.
When Inspiratory Stridor Is Not Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion/Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction: A Case Study of Diaphragm Flutter
Authors: Sandage Mary J. , Billingsley C. P. , Hatcher Jeanne L. , Petty Brian , Olin J. Tod
Published: June 2021

Purpose

This case study describes the clinical course for an individual referred to a speech-language pathologist (SLP) for assessment and treatment of paradoxical vocal fold motion/inducible laryngeal obstruction (PVFM/ILO) who was ultimately diagnosed with diaphragm flutter. This case presentation describes the critical importance of a multidisciplinary approach to identify conditions in the differential diagnosis of PVFM/ILO, which may lead to timely diagnosis and treatment of such conditions.

Method

Using a case study format with links to pre- and posttreatment videos, the clinical course of a 20-year-old woman presenting with persistent inspiratory stridor and cough during waking time was delineated. Data used to determine the differential diagnosis included careful clinical observation, extensive medical history, and endoscopic laryngeal assessment.

Results

Using a multidisciplinary approach with professionals from three different treatment centers, the diagnosis of diaphragm flutter was affirmed and successful medical management with an empiric trial of Baclofen was initiated with complete resolution of the dyspnea, cough, and inspiratory stridor over 3 weeks.

Conclusions

This case study describes a rare condition in the differential diagnosis of PVFM/ILO called diaphragm flutter, characterized by persistent inspiratory stridor and cough that interrupted connected speech and swallowing. SLPs who specialize in the assessment and treatment of PVFM/ILO may encounter this condition. Clinician awareness of the clinical profile for diaphragm flutter is critical for rapid referral to the appropriate medical specialists to achieve timely symptom relief.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14781867
Dark matter fraction in z  ∼  1 star-forming galaxies
Authors: Sharma Gauri , Salucci Paolo , van de Ven Glenn
Published: June 2021

Context. The study of dark matter (DM) across cosmic timescales is essential for understanding galaxy formation and evolution. Recent observational studies show that further back in time (z > 0.5), rotation-supported, star-forming galaxies (SFGs) begin to appear to be DM deficient compared to local SFGs.

Aims. We present an observational study of the DM fraction in 225 rotation-supported, SFGs at z ≈ 0.9; these SFGs have stellar masses in the range 9.0 ≤ log(M* M⊙) ≤ 11.0 and star formation rates 0.49 ≤ log(SFR[M⊙ yr−1]) ≤ 1.77.

Methods. We studied a subsample of the KMOS Redshift One Spectroscopic Survey (KROSS) studied by Sharma et al. (2021, MNRAS, 503, 1753). The stellar masses (M*) of these objects were previously estimated using mass-to-light ratios derived from fitting the spectral energy distribution of the galaxies. Star formation rates were derived from the Hα luminosities. In this paper, we determined the total gas masses (Mgas) by the scaling relations of molecular and atomic gas (Tacconi et al. 2018, ApJ, 853, 179; Lagos et al. 2011, MNRAS, 418, 1649, respectively). We derived the dynamical masses (Mdyn) from the rotation curves (RCs) at different scale lengths (effective radius: Re, ∼2 Re and ∼3 Re) and we then calculated the DM fractions (fDM = 1 − Mbar/Mdyn) at these radii.

Results. We report that at z ∼ 1 only a small fraction (∼5%) of our sample has a low (<20%) DM fraction within ∼2 − 3Re. The majority (>72%) of SFGs in our sample have outer disks (∼5−10 kpc) dominated by DM, which agrees with local SFGs. Moreover, we find a large scatter in the fraction of DM at a given stellar mass (or circular velocity) with respect to local SFGs, suggesting that galaxies at z ∼ 1 span a wide range of stages in the formation of stellar disks and have diverse DM halo properties coupled with baryons.
National and international components in contemporary architecture and design
Authors: Mikhailova Aleksandrina , Mikhailov Sergey , Khousnutdinova Lilia , Ibragimova Anastasia , Belov Maksim
Published: June 2021

The article examines one of the unique aspects of design – the national component. The history of design demonstrates to us the importance of the national component in the formation of object-based shaping, its development in the industrial and post-industrial eras. In the conditions of post-industrial design, the role of the national component is growing and is increasingly revealed in its various directions, from object design to design of the urban environment. Through the prism of the interaction between national and international components in design, we can scrutinise design’s entire history. Using specific examples, applying phenomenal-geographical and synergetic approaches, the authors formulate the main models of the evolution of the national component in the design of different countries. As a result, 6 models of interaction of the national and international components in the subject design of the twentieth century were identified. They are «the constant of the national component», «transformation (expansion) of the national component into the international», «synchronization of the national and international components», «replacement of the national component with the international», «conglomeration of international and national components», «autonomy of national and international components». Graphic visualizations of models of countries – design nations are presented on the example of Japan, USA, Germany, Italy and Scandinavia.
Architectural typology of intergenerational shared sites
Authors: Maslovsckaia Oxana , Kopeva Alla , Matveieva Mariia , Ivanova Olga , Khrapko Olga
Published: June 2021

In the conditions of the modern world, there is an increasing socio-cultural gap between generations. To create sustainable development and functioning of society, to maintain its stability in the present and future, it is necessary to create conditions for strengthening intergenerational relations. All social programs must be accompanied by architectural programs, so there is a need for the architectural and urban planning transformation of the existing urban space in favor of the development of intergenerational ties. The purpose of this study is to determine the typological features of intergenerational centers based on a comparative analysis of existing facilities. Several different intergenerational shared sites examples around the world were analyzed. The analysis revealed a general typology of intergenerational environments: outdoor spaces for short-term intergenerational communication; indoor and outdoor spaces for intergenerational communication at centers; specialized housing estates and co-living buildings with public indoor and outdoor zones for intergenerational communication. The results of this work are the basis for further research, the purpose of which is to form the principles of an environment that promotes the development of intergenerational relations in Russian conditions and their approbation in the design of a residential area in Yakutsk.
Kansei engineering, emotional design and ergo design as shaping tools in architecture and design
Authors: Shakirova Ilgina
Published: June 2021

This article considers the shaping methods in architecture and design, namely emotional design and ergo design and Kansei engineering. The essence of these shaping methods explains how these methods relate to each other and how they interact at different levels. There is a comparison of these shaping methods and an explanation why they should develop in parallel. It describes why these sciences are interpreted as human-oriented methods of object-based shaping and how they force us to rethink the human approach to the perception to familiar objects, and also describes their influence on the perception of surrounding objects by humans. Each of the presented shaping methods is considered as a new branch affecting different human life aspects. Article considers the fundamental factors of shaping methods, their relevance in the modern world, both as in the industrial and in the research worlds. Methods can be viewed collectively and separately, since each of them is functional and independent.
Assessment of urban planning concepts for the development of post-industrial cities
Authors: Grishina Maria , Medyanik Yulia , Rakhmatullina Elena , Matveeva Elena , Albina Khayrullina
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to an overview study of the implemented concepts of the development of modern post-industrial cities. In the study of the issue of the feasibility of the implemented concepts, many domestic and foreign publications on the research topic are given.The authors of this article made an attempt to predict the possible results of the realization of the implemented concepts of the development of post-industrial cities in the long term of their development. The chosen goal is achieved by solving the following tasks:

to compare the strategies of urban development being implemented;

to identify the signs of an industrial and post-industrial city;

identify the strengths and weaknesses of the concepts;

describe the positive and negative consequences after the implementation of the concepts of sustainable development of post-industrial cities.
Architectural and urban planning evolution of the industrial area near Moskovskaya Zastava in Saint Petersburg
Authors: Granstrem Maria , Zolotareva Milena
Published: June 2021

This paper discusses the urban planning history of an area in Saint Petersburg around the former Moskovskaya Zastava, a historical gateway that travelers passed through when approaching Saint Petersburg from Moscow. Specifically, we are interested in the architecture of the carriage building plant. By the end of the 19th century, this part of the city had turned into an industrial area, which saw dense development from 1897 to 1917. For the next one hundred years, this vast space did not see any transformations, constituting a complete, self-sufficient environment. The carriage building plant, originally constructed at the very end of the 19th century, remained standing near Moskovskaya Zastava until the early 21st century. In 2013, the industrial area ceased its existence, and the former carriage building plant was given for residential development.
Consideration of the loading of the traffic lines in the design of automobile roads
Authors: Nikolenko Denis , Nikolenko Maxim , Filippova Anastasiya
Published: June 2021

The article focuses on the importance of the strength and durability of highways due to the projected increase in freight traffic. It also describes the consequences of uneven distribution of loads in traffic lanes, depending on the prevailing traffic in each lane. The studies, that were carried out earlier by various scientists, were taken into account, thankfully to which results were obtained on the composition of the traffic flow, the difference in the loading of road pavements, as well as the stress-strain state of road structures. As a result, a model that reflects the dependence of the influence of the speed of movement of vehicles on the dynamic deformation of structures, was developed. Consequently, a number of design solutions were established to ensure the required strength of all structures.
A device for reducing the siltation of the front chamber of the pumping station in irrigation systems
Authors: Urishev Boborakhim , Eshev Sobir , Nosirov Fakhriddin , Kuvatov Ulugbek
Published: June 2021

It has been determined that the reduction of siltation of the front chamber is necessary because the deposited sediments seriously violate the planned hydraulic structure of the flow when water is sucked up by pumps, as a result of which their efficiency decreases. The method of calculating the pipeline system of a new device designed to significantly reduce the siltation of the front chamber of irrigation pumping stations by artificially creating turbulence in the water flow in the bottom layer of the structure is presented. This calculation methodology is based on the use of the theory of flooded water jets, which makes it possible to determine the main characteristics of the jet. The latter allows calculating the design parameters of the pipeline system. The results of experimental studies are presented to compare the calculated data with the results of experiments, as well as to determine the effectiveness of the proposed device for a significant reduction in siltation of the front chamber of irrigation pumping stations.
Hydraulic transport in small livestock farms
Authors: Rakhimov Оktyabr , Аshurova Laylo , Artikbekova Fotima
Published: June 2021

The article highlights the advantages and benefits of pipeline transport of liquid feed mixtures on small pig farms, the device and the principle of operation and technical characteristics of the improved rotor pump developed by the authors of the article. Methods of experimental research to determine the concentration of feed mixtures, the influence of the shape of the separator on the performance characteristics, the required power and the flow of an improved pump are presented. The results of the experiments showed that one of the bottlenecks limiting the operation of rotary pumps on feed mixtures of increased concentration is the low suction capacity of the pump, that is, the design of the suction pipe of the pump, where an increase in resistance with an increase in the concentration of feed mixtures causes a breakdown of the operating mode and cavitation. To resolve this issue, we used a screw feeder installed in front of the pump suction nozzles. It was found that if the screw feeder provides excess pressure within (about, 0.25 ... 0.3) 105 Pa per suction cavity, the pump operates stably and reliably.
Irrigation sedimentation tanks in the bed of the pumping station inlet channels
Authors: Bazarov Dilshod , Vatin Nikolai , Kattakulov Farrukh , Vokhidov Oybek , Rayimova Iroda , Raimova Ikboloy
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the dynamics of channel processes in the irrigation pumping station inlet channels. The field studies of hydraulic and alluvial sediment regimes in the supply channels of pumping stations are analyzed and summarized. The studies of supply channel water flow under conditions of extremely high turbidity of the flow and variability of the morphometric characteristics of the channel are presented. The conditions under which the Saint-Venant equations satisfactorily describe the channel flows in the bed of the supply channels are given. Saint-Venant's twodimensional equations were numerically implemented using an explicit finite-difference scheme. In addition, the results of calculations of the flow field in the supply channels are presented. According to the results of numerical studies, the width of the sedimentation tank was taken to be equal to the design width of the channel, and the speed of water flow in it was 0.25 m/s. The length of the sedimentation tank, ensuring the retention of sediments of the finest fraction (0.05 mm in diameter), was 1042 m. The siltation time of the sedimentation tank can be reduced by 15…20% and amount to about 15 months, considering the unevenness of the velocity distribution diagram in the horizontal plane and the trapezoidal crosssection of the clarifier. Nevertheless, the arrangement of two parallel chambers of the sedimentation tanks makes it possible to be stable for a sufficiently long time.
The adjustment work canal on the Amudarya in the areas of the damless water intake
Authors: Norkulov Bekhzod , Ishankulov Zokhidjon , Kurseitov Akhtem , Nizamiev Rasul , Asadov Sindor , Pateyev Alibek
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the results of field research in the area of the damless water intake of the KMC on the Amudarya River. The article developed the optimal route and boundaries of the pioneer digging location, depending on the area of the main stream of the river relative to the point of the damless intake. It also provides hydraulic calculations for improving the condition of a damless water intake and recommendations for the rational use and placement of a dredgers fleet when laying a route of a ditch and cleaning it.
Analytical evaluation of the fundamental frequency of natural vibrations of the spatial coverage
Authors: Kirsanov Mikhail , Vorobyev Oleg
Published: June 2021

The scheme of statically definable truss of spatial coverage is proposed. The formula for the dependence of the vibration frequency on the number of panels is derived. The Dunkerley lower bound and the induction method are used to generalize particular solutions to the case of an arbitrary number of panels. The calculation of the forces in the rods by cutting out the nodes and the analytical transformations to obtain the desired dependence are performed in the Maple computer mathematics system. The solution is compared with the numerical one obtained by solving the problem on the eigenvalues of the characteristic matrix for a system with many degrees of freedom. It is shown that the estimation accuracy depends on the number of panels.
Hydraulic resistances of derivation channels of hydropower facilities
Authors: Uralov Bakhtiyor , Khidirov Sanatjon , Uljaev Farokhiddin , Raimova Ikboloy , Kholmatov Khumoyun , Allanazarov Alisher
Published: June 2021

Currently, many authors have studied the uniform axisymmetric pressure head laminar and turbulent movement of water in hydraulic smooth and rough (with uniform roughness) pipes of circular cross-section. The results obtained in the study of a plane-parallel turbulent flow in pressure channels allow here only to outline the structure of the corresponding dependencies and to clarify the simplest case of unpressurized fluid movement, when this movement can also be reduced to plane-parallel or, in other words, to movement in channel of infinitely large width with a flat bottom. In all other cases, the only way to solve the problem is experiment. But the possibilities of the experiment are limited, as are limited, and in a number of cases debatable, and the information accumulated to date on the uniform free-flow motion of fluid in channels of various cross-sectional shapes. The unpressurized uniform movement of fluid in channels of various cross-sectional shapes has been completely insufficiently studied. The construction of numerous free-flow watercourses, as well as machine channels of pumping stations, requires scientifically based calculation methods. For the correct establishment of hydraulic calculation methods, a sufficiently deep study of the physical essence of the phenomena occurring in the free-flow derivation channels is necessary. The extensive construction of numerous free-flow watercourses, as well as hydroelectric power plant (HPP) derivation channels, requires scientifically based calculation methods. For the correct establishment of hydraulic calculation methods, a sufficiently deep study of the physical essence of the hydraulic phenomena occurring in the free-flow derivation channels of HPPs is necessary.
Calculation of fractional integrals using partial sums of Fourier series for structural mechanics problems
Authors: Galimyanov Anis , Gorskaya Tatyana
Published: June 2021

The goal of this study is to develop and apply an approximate method for calculating integrals that are part of models using Riemann-Liouville integrals, and to create a software product that allows such calculations for given functions. The main results of the study consist in the construction of a quadrature formula for an integral, and the cases where the density of the integral is a function from the spaces of continuous functions with generalized derivatives with weight and the Helder classes of functions with weight were considered. For the proposed quadrature formula we further investigated the error of its approximation in the spaces of continuous functions and quadratic-summing functions with weight. As a result of the study, effective error estimates of the approximating apparatus in the proposed classes of functions have been established. In addition, the approximated method has been implemented on the computer in the form of a program in the C language. The significance of the obtained results for the construction industry consists in the fact that when solving problems, including problems on finding the shapes of structures, taking into account the properties of materials, environmental changes, in the models of which the Riemann-Liouville integrals are used, it will be possible to apply an approximate approach, the quadrature formula proposed in the article.
Experimental studies of the various soils bedding influence on the stress-strain state of a layered subsoil base of the slab foundation
Authors: Siraziev Lenar , Sergeev Danil
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to reveal the effect of the stress-strain state of the three-layer soil base of the slab foundation with a rigid underlying layer, which is heterogeneous along the depth of the ground. The main results of the study are obtaining relative deformations in the soil massif and the settlement of ground values of each layer. The results of experimental studies are obtained in the form of a deformation pattern of a layered base, distribution graphs of compressive stresses in the soil in depth and in a horizontal plane. The significance of the results achieved for the construction area is to establish the mutual influence of various soils on the stress-strain state of the laminate basement of the slab foundation. The presence of a dense top layer in a laminate base significantly increases its distribution ability. The stress distribution is proportional to the load-carrying capacity of the individual base layers. On the boundary between the layers, a jump in the compressive stresses may occur, which indicates the presence of shear deformations in the contact layer.
Thermomechanical deformation of the orthotropic shell taking into account the deformation anisotropy
Authors: Treshchev Aleksandr , Lapshina Mariya , Zavyalova Yulia
Published: June 2021

A variant of the rotation shell in the particular form of a closed circular cylindrical shell, which is often used in the design practice of civil, power and other industrial structures, is considered. The specificity of the considered shell lies in the features of its material, which has a manifestation of dual anisotropy. In particular, this material is orthotropic in structure, and the nature of deformation shows the dependence of stiffness and strength on the type of stress state. The loading of the shell is assumed to be axisymmetric, taking into account the influence of a medium with variable thermal parameters. The temperature difference between the shell surfaces is taken into account here. The statement of the general thermomechanical problem is carried out in an unrelated form, taking into account a certain independence of the problems of thermodynamics and mechanics. Taking into account the limitations of the classical thermomechanical theories of shells made of materials with dual anisotropy and the fact that the known models for such materials have significant drawbacks, the authors used a variant of the normalized stress space. Differential equations of thermoelasticity for a cylindrical shell are obtained, taking into account the complicated thermomechanical properties of its material. Particular solutions with the features of the results of calculating the shell states are illustrated, and their analysis is carried out.
Erection of solid columns of one-storey industrial buildings with bridge cranes made of high-strength sandy concrete and its economic efficiency
Authors: Palagin Nikolay , Nikitin Georgy , Trunov Alexey
Published: June 2021

The use of high-strength sandy concrete (HSSC) is an alternative to high-strength crushed stone. Its use is profitable for those regions of Russia in which crushed stone is an imported building material. Thus, crushed stone is supplied to the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) from the Ural, and the local reserves of sand are significant. Authors presented the results of studies to determine the economic efficiency of solid columns’ erection in one-story industrial buildings with bridge cranes according to the 1.424.1-5 series from HSSC of HSSC60 and HSSC80 classes in comparison with heavy concrete of B20...B80 classes. Studies have shown that in relation to Kazan, the use of HSSC of HSSC60 and HSSC80 classes in comparison with heavy concrete of B20...B40 classes, depending on the size of the span, column spacing, floor height and lifting capacity of cranes, can reduce steel consumption by 43.2…71.5 %. At the same time, the total cost of materials (steel and concrete) when using heavy concrete of B20...B40 classes is 1.7 %...38.1 % lower than with HSSC60 and HSSC80. This is due to the sharp rise in the cost of concrete in the Russian market in the third quarter of 2002 and continuing to the present (second quarter of 2021). When recalculated before the indicated price increase, the use of HSSC60 and HSSC80 in comparison with heavy concrete of B20…B40 classes gives a decrease in the total cost of materials by 1.9...34.5 %. The results obtained are novel because in the scientific and technical literature there is no information about the design of these columns from the HSSC.
Investigation of the effect of moisture on the critical parameters of stability of frame-rod structural systems made of wood
Authors: Dubrakova Ksenia , Solodilova Victoriia
Published: June 2021

The work of end moments and shear forces is taken as a criterion influencing the value of the limiting compressive force. It was found that the form of bifurcation of an individual element (active or passive) has a significant effect on the value of the critical parameters of stability of the entire system as a whole.

A frame-rod structural system made of wood is considered. The influence of humidity on the type of bifurcation of its compressed elements (constrained or forced) and the critical parameters of stability of the system as a whole under various modes of force loading are determined. It is shown that with a change in humidity, individual elements can go from passive loss of stability to active, which will change the value of the critical force by an average of 20 %.

To check the obtained analytical dependencies, experimental tests of frame-bar structures made of wood were carried out under their power static loading and variable humidity. At the same time, it was noted that the results of numerical and laboratory studies showed satisfactory agreement, on average by 95 %, which indicates the reliability of the developed methodology.
The effect of ground limestone on the properties of composite gypsum binder using thermally activated clay as a pozzolanic component
Authors: Khaliullin Marat , Gilmanshina Alsu
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of methods of preliminary preparation of thermally activated clay, which is a pozzolanic component in water-resistant composite gypsum binders, as well as the effect of mechanochemical activation in the joint grinding of thermally activated clay with the addition of a plasticizer on the pozzolanic activity and the change in the required number of pozzolanic component in the composition of composite gypsum binders. It was found that the required amount of thermally activated clay as pozzolanic component in the gypsum-cement-pozzolan composition when ground to specific surfaces of 200-500 m2/kg together with the addition of Melflux 2651 F plasticizer, based on the exclusion of conditions for the formation of an unacceptable amount of ettringite, decreases by 20-25% compared with the use of thermally activated clay ground without the introduction of a plasticizer. The optimal amount of Melflux 2651 F plasticizer introduced by grinding with thermally activated clay has been determined. The significance of the results for the construction industry lies in the fact that the use of the technology of obtaining composite gypsum binders of grinding thermally activated clay to a certain dispersion with the introduction of a plasticizer additive due to the effect of mechanochemical activation makes it possible to reduce the consumption of the pozzolanic component in the binder composition or energy consumption for grinding.
Seasonal temperature waves in the ground, nonperiodic case
Authors: Krepkogorskij Vsevolod
Published: June 2021

Seasonal fluctuations in soil temperature at a depth of several meters are considered. It is assumed that the temperature of the earth surface changes strictly periodically. Then, according to the Fourier law, the soil temperature at depth will also change periodically with a smaller amplitude and time lag. What happens if we let the temperature on the surface deviate from the strict periodicity at some point in time? How will the nature of soil temperature fluctuations change at depth? Two types of deviations of the surface temperature from the periodic law are considered: 1) A sharp cold snap. For 30 days, the temperature of the earth surface is -30оC and 2) Warm winter. It is assumed that the temperature of the earth surface is zero during the winter months. Graphs of temperature changes at different depths in both cases are plotted. Conclusions are drawn about the duration of the period of noticeable deviations and the magnitude of the temperature deviation from the normal value.