bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SMOKING
Authors:   Assistant Professor of family Medicine, Consultant Family Medicine, Family Medicine Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah., abdulaziz Murad Manal , Jehad Abousada Hoda ,   Service Resident , King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, KSA., khalid aljuaid Raghad ,   Service Resident , King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, KSA., Saud Almaqati Amal ,   Medical Intern , Umm Alqura University, Makkah, KSA., Saleh Alotibi Rawan ,   Medical Intern , Umm Alqura University, Makkah, KSA., Ali Alzahrnai Anas ,   Albaha University ,General Practitioner, Family Medicine, Albaha - KSA., Abdulrahman Matuq ,   Service Resident , King Abdulaziz General Hospital ,Jeddah, KSA., Zamzama M. ,   Medical Intern, Shaqra University, Shaqra, KSA., Nahar Bin Jabr Alsulami Jabr ,   Medical Intern, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, KSA., A. Alghabban Sarah ,   Medical Intern King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, jeddah, KSA., Mihmas Alosaimi Amal ,   Medical Intern King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, jeddah, KSA.
Published: March 2021

Among most medical staff, Smoking is very common and, in this research, we aim To Determine awareness of smoking in medical staff, smoking differences between gender and nationality in KSA.Then we overviewed the rates of smoking in different age groups in the general population. We want also to know the connection of this awareness to smoking or quitting, which may cause future plans that provide for the shedding of light on psychological treatment and mental persuasion to help quit smoking. This study participants were Medical workers from Saudi Arabia and the results may not be applied to different sittings due to differences in facilities and work conditions. Conclusion: It is evident through the results that smoking is very common among doctors, especially men, and smoking is more common among people over 55 years of age than others. In addition to these negatives, most of the sample is aware of the negative aspects of smoking and its risks in the future, but the majority of them still smoke.
CAN COFFEE VARIETY AFFECT THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF COFFEE BERRY BORER (HYPOTHENEMUS HAMPEI) ON SAO TOME ISLAND
Authors:   Universidad de Leon, Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Environment Institute Natural Resources and Biodiversity, Portugal Avenue 41, 24071, Leon, Spain., Carvalho Miclay ,   Center of Technological and Agricultural Investigation of Sao Tome and Principe-Experimental Base of Industrial Crops (CIAT/STP-BECI): Poto Madalena CP 375-Sao Tome., Lopes Alex ,   Center of Technological and Agricultural Investigation of Sao Tome and Principe-Experimental Base of Industrial Crops (CIAT/STP-BECI): Poto Madalena CP 375-Sao Tome., Bento Albino ,   Mountain Research Center (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Braganca, Santa Apolonia Campus 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal., Santos Luis ,   Center of Technological and Agricultural Investigation of Sao Tome and Principe-Experimental Base of Industrial Crops (CIAT/STP-BECI): Poto Madalena CP 375-Sao Tome., Narciso C. Guedes Raul ,   Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil., A. Casquero Pedro ,   Universidad de Leon, Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, Environment Institute Natural Resources and Biodiversity, Portugal Avenue 41, 24071, Leon, Spain.
Published: March 2021

The coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, is serious limitation in organic coffee production in Sao Tome Island in the Gulf of Guinea, limited information regarding this species seasonal phenology on the islands limits the implementation of biological control.In the present study, seven coffee plantations were monitored over two years to describe infestation patterns, penetration rates into coffee berries, and mortality by the entomopathogenic fungus,Beauveria bassiana in two coffea species (C. arabica L.and C. canephoraPierre ex A. Froehner), according to 30-tree sampling of fruits following the CENICAFE method. The results revealed that the borer position within the berries, infestation, and green berries with Beauveria bassianawere significantly affected by coffee variety. The infestation mean across all seven sites was (11.5ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â±3.5% mean ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â± standard error (SE)), with two sites showing mean infestation <5%. The highest infestation and Beauveria bassianarates per branch monthly were observed in C. arabica L. (Red Caturra, Bourbon and Red Catuai), compared with C. canephoraPierre ex A. Froehner (Robusta) in the months of lower rainfall. Borer immature stages (eggs, larvae and pupae) and adults were found throughout the sampling period. No CBB predator and parasitoids were observed in the survey. The population level and developmental rate indicated that the coffee borer met favorable environmental conditions in the studied areas and control measures are required for reducing damage.
PRE-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING THE ADMINISTRATION OF SELECTED INOTROPIC DRUGS AMONG THE STAFF NURSES IN SELECTED HOSPITAL KASHMIR
Authors:   Nursing Officer GMC Associated Hospital Srinagar Kashmir., Ali Insha , Ahmad Sheikh Masood ,   Nursing Tutor, BGSB University Rajouri (J&K).
Published: March 2021

Nowadays we are observing there are enough number of cardiovascular patients and also day by day their ratio is getting increased at huge number because Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include coronary heart disease and other conditions. Four out of five deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes and one third of these deaths occur prematurely in people under 70 years of age. Individual at risk may demonstrate raised blood pressure, glucose, and lipids as well as overweight and obesity. These can all be easily measured in primary care facilities. Identifying those at high risk of cardiovascular diseases and ensuring they receive appropriate treatment and can prevent premature deaths. For those conditions inotropic drugs play a vital role in rehablitating the cardiovascular disease patients. Inotropic state is most commonly used in reference to various drugs that affect the strength of contraction of heart muscle. Inotropic drugs are the medicines that change the force of hearts contractions. There are two kinds of inotropes namely positive which strengthen the force of heart beat and negative inotropes which weaken the force of heartbeat. So inotropic drugs are the commonly drugs used to treat cardiovascular conditions. Therefore in view of this pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design study was conducted to as assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching program on knowledge regarding the administration of inotropic drugs among the staff nurses in selected hospital of Kashmir for which 60 subjects were selected by simple random sampling technique. After data collection structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge among subjects. The data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics by using chi-square and t-test. The findings revealed that in posttest majority of the study subjects 6(10%) had excellent knowledge, 53(88.3%) had good knowledge, 1(1.7%) had average and none had below average knowledge with posttest mean score 26.15 standard deviation 3.019 with mean percentage 63.78 and mean difference 12.97. Study concludes that null hypothesis was rejected because there was gain in knowledge among staff nurses after imparting structured teaching programme. The study also concluded that null hypothesis was accepted because there was statistically no significant association between selected variable (professional qualification, working experience, place of posting, and in-service education programme attended) at p> 0.001 of staff nurses with their pre-test knowledge scores at 0.05 level of significance.
LINGUISTATICAL STUDY OF CHINESE INTERNET LEXICOLOGY
Authors:   Teacher, Department of Chinese Philology, Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies., Sh.B. Mukhamedjanova
Published: March 2021

Different changes occur in each language under the influence of scientific and technical processes. Significant changes are observed in the lexical structure of the language: constant renewal and enrichment, the reflection of major changes in the life of society, the emergence of large-scale new language units. As a result of the emergence of a new object in human life, the problem of defining it in speech arises, translating it from one language to another in order to support and develop mutual cultural communication. With the advent of the Internet, there have been many changes in Chinese society, including the Chinese language. Under the influence of the Internet, an Internet language different from the literary normative language was formed.
AN OBSERVATIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CRP AND ESR IN EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE BONE AND JOINT INFECTION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF CENTRAL INDIA
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, SSMC REWA &SGMH Hospital, Rewa., Singh V.B , Kunder Rahul ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics SSMC REWA &SGMH Hospital, Rewa., Kumar Dinesh ,   Senior Resident , Department of Orthopaedics SSMC REWA &SGMH Hospital, Rewa., Mishra Vipin ,   Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, SSMC REWA &SGMH Hospital, Rewa., Lakhtakiya P.K ,   Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, SSMC REWA &SGMH Hospital, Rewa.
Published: March 2021

Introduction :Acute osteomyelitis of childhood usually affects the long bones of the lower limbs. Although almost any agent may cause acute osteomyelitis, Staphylococcus aureus is the most common bacteria. We conducted a prospective and observational study from July 2019-January 2021. Aims and Objects: Our studyincluded 36 children between the ages of 5 months and 14 years, with suspected acute osteoarticular infection, with a predetermined seriesof ESR, CRP measurements. Material and Methods:We included 36 patients in our study out of which 25 patient had a diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis (70%) and 11 patient had acuteseptic arthritis(SA) (30%). Boyswere predominantly affected (64% boys as compared to 36 % girls), and the mean age was 6.12 years. Theaverage ESR on day of admission, 3rd, 10th, one month and two month was 36 mm, 51 mm, 37mm, 20mm and 14 mm at one hour respectively.Average CRP on day of admission, 3rd, 10th, one month and two month was 86 mg/l, 64mg/l, 19.6mg/l, 10mg/l, 5mg/l respectively. Results: Theobserved peaks of the ESR reached on day 3 and peak in CRP titre generally was seen on day of admission .After peaking, ESR started a slowdescent the <20-mm/hour level was reached on end of one month. CRP started a more rapid normalization, descending to less than 20 mg/L in 10 days.CRP normalizes faster than ESR, providing a clear advantage in monitoring recovery. CRP normalized earlier in patients with OM, where as normalization was slower in patients with SA. Conclusion: Serial measurements of ESR and CRP not only help in diagnosing Acute boneand joint infections in children but also help in monitoring response to treatment and duration of antibiotics.
INVESTIGATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PAVER BLOCK MADE WITH EVA POLYMERS AND FLY ASH
Authors:   Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Civil Engineering Kamaraj College of Engineering & Technolog Madurai, India., Hariharan K. , Krishna Moorthy A. ,   Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Civil Engineering Kamaraj College of Engineering & Technolog Madurai, India.
Published: March 2021

The aim of the project is to replace cement with fly ash and course aggregate with Ethyl Vinyl Acetate (EVA) in paver block. In this thesis paver block design is by using cement concrete mixture of mix design M30 which is composed of 10mm coarse aggregate cement and fine aggregate (M-sand).In this thesis the cement is partially replaced with fly ash and partial replacement of EVA with coarse aggregate in paver block at various level of 5, 10, 15, and 20 percentage of its weight. The paver block curing process is done for 7days and 28days. After curing it is checked for its compression strength, water absorption test and densitytest.
PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS AMONG SCHOOL STUDENTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THEIR STUDENT COUNSELORS: DIFFERENCES AND RELATIONSHIPS
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Taif University., Al Hariri Ahmed , Faisal Eman ,   Department of Curriculum and Instruction, King Saud University., Al Harthi Rasha ,   Department of Psychology, Taif University., Al Harthi Fozeah ,   Department of Psychology, Taif University., Hamed Al Harthi Amal ,   Department of Psychology, Taif University.
Published: March 2021

Background: School students might be at risk of suffering from a range of psychological disorders. Student counselorswould help in understand the relationships and differences between these disorders. Objectives:The study aimed to recognize the differences and relationships of psychological disorders among school students from the perspective of the students counselors in Taif. Methods and Material:A mixed-methods approach was used. Eighty-four student counselors filled in a questionnaire and 13 were interviewed. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance â€“ ANOVA, and Spearmans rank-order correlation were used. Results: There are significant differences at p<.05 in the psychological disorders experienced by students in favor of the students in secondary school (M=4.63, SD=.848), in crowded schools that have between 1001â€“1200 students (M=2.298, SD=.335), and in favour of student counselors with experience of at least ten years (M=2.289, SD=.179). There are positive correlations between psychological disorders and the total number of the students in a school (rho=.466, p<.001), the experience level of student counselors (rho=.423, p<.001), and the students education stage (rho=.208, p<.05). Qualitative data were in line with the findings of the quantitative data. Conclusions:It is important to have adequate numbers of student counselors in schools, as this improves the quality of counseling services provided. Exploring psychological disorders as early as possible also helps in treating the students successfully. Finally, it is essential to enhance mental health in schools, and this is part of the Saudi Vision 2030, specifically in the area of social well-being. Key messages:School students suffer from a number of psychological disorders and it is clear that student counselors help in exploring these disorders and the relationshipsand differences between them, so that the counselors are able to deal with them. Acknowledgement:The authors would like to thank the Administration of Education in Taif. The authors also thank all those who volunteered their time to participate in this study.
COPING WITH AUTISM: DIFFERENTIAL & UNIQUE PARENTING MOTHERS JOURNEY TOWARDS ADAPTATION-A QUALITATIVE STUDY IN INDIAN CONTEXT BASED ON GROUNDED THEORY APPROACH
Authors:   Senior Nursing Officer& PhD scholar, Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Laila Nisha , Sara George Linu ,   Professor, Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, MAHE, Manipal, India., G. Nayak Shalini ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal, India.
Published: March 2021

Objective: The main objective of this study was to explore the experiences of mothers parenting children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with a view to formulate a conceptual model of parenting experiences based on the constructs identified. Design &Methods: The study used grounded theory methodology in order to derive a conceptual model for parenting a child with ASD. The participants were mothers between the age group of 24-50 years undergoing parent child training from Autism training Centre, Northern India. The study is based on in depth interviews with twelve mothers who were meeting the eligibility criteria. The interviews were digitally recorded with a voice recorder. The anonymity and confidentiality of the participants were assured. The translated data were coded and categorised using open code software Results: The qualitative data analysis revealed thirteen major categories and forty six sub categories and a core category was derived out of the concepts and formulated a conceptual model of coping with autism, Unique and differential parenting Mothers Journey towards adaptation. Conclusion: This qualitative study provides evidence for parenting experiences of Indian mothers of children with ASD. The findings would provide identification of problems, need based care and guidance for professionals. Practice Implications: The conceptual model formulated could be used as a basis to test the hypothesis in various aspects of the concepts discussed in relation to mothers experiences of a child with ASD and thus a substantive theory of parenting a child with ASD could be developed in future after comparing and concept analysis of the existing parenting theories .
POLAROGRAPHIC BEHAVIOUR OF SOME DIVALENT METAL COMPLEXES OF 4-METHOXYBENZALDEHYDE THIOSEMICARBAZONE
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Meerut College, Meerut., Saraswat Renu , Saraswat Devesh ,   Lecturer, Department of Chemistry, Eicher School, Faridabad.
Published: March 2021

Analysis of the complexes formed by 4-methoxybenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone with Manganese (II), Iron (II),Cobalt (II) ,Nickel (II) and Zinc(II) metal ions was made through the polarographic technique. 4-methoxybenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone was obtained by the reaction of hydrazinecarbothioamide with para-methoxybenzaldehyde in ethyl alcohol. Polarographic technique is best suited for the study of coordination complexes and their substitution reactions and more significantly the technique is especially useful in calculating stability constant of complexes that are formed by direct combination of metal ion and the ligands. A sharp change is observed in the E1/2 values of the transition metal ions in presence of the ligand indicating complexation .Irreversible polarographic behaviour has been shown in all the compounds studied and kinetic parameter Î±n and ko f ,h have been calculated .All the complexes prepared were found to have 1:2 stoichiometry.
Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Duygusal Zekâ ve İş-Aile Yayılımı Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi
Authors: Eryılmaz Ali , Açıkgöz Ahmet Cevdet , Er Emre
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı çağrı merkezi çalışanlarının örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarına duygusal zekâ ve iş-aile yayılımlarının etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışma ilişkisel tarama olarak tasarlamış ve 200 çalışan araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verilerinin toplanması amacıyla “Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı Ölçeği”, “Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği” ve “İş-Aile Yayılımı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri IBM SPSS 22 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre örgütsel vatandaşlık ile duygusal zekâ, pozitif iş-aile ve aile iş yayılımı arasında olumlu, negatif aile-iş, iş-aile yayılımı arasında olumsuz ilişki mevcuttur. Araştırmada kadın katılımcıların duygusal zekâ ve negatif iş-aile yayılımı algıları erkek katılımcılara göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Örgütsel vatandaşlığın yordanma düzeyinin anlaşılmasına ilişkin çoklu regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bunun sonucunda duygusal zekâ ve pozitif iş aile yayılımının örgütsel vatandaşlığın olumlu yordayıcıları oldukları anlaşılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına dayalı olarak çalışanların örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışlarında duygusal zekâ düzeyleri ve iş-aile dengelerinin daha detaylı anlaşılmasına ilişkin önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Association Between Body Composition and Pulmonary Function Tests Among Health Care Workers in Iran
Authors: Pouragha Hamidreza , Kazemi Hosein , Pouryaghoub Gholamreza , Mehrdad Ramin
Published: March 2021

Background:

Why is bodyweight not a predictor of lung function, while height, sex,
race, and age are predictors of lung capacity and function? In this study, we want to investigate the
association between body composition and pulmonary function. And, as much as possible, answer
the question of why bodyweight is not predictive of lung function.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was performed among 2967 employees of Tehran University
of Medical Sciences (TUMS) who participated in the TUMS Employees Cohort (TEC) study. The
body composition of the participants was measured using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
method. Anthropometric variables were also measured as a confounder. The pulmonary function
of participants was assessed by a forced spirometry test.

Results:

The correlation of BIA values including fat-free mass and total body water with a pulmonary
function such as FEV1, FVC, and FEF25-75is higher than most anthropometric values such as
weight, wrist circumference, and the waist to hip ratio. Also, in regression analysis, age and sex
had an association with pulmonary function, but the weight did not show a significant relationship.
On the other hand, fat-free mass and visceral fat were significantly associated with pulmonary function.
One is direct and the other is inverse.

Conclusion:

We observed a negative association between visceral fat and pulmonary function tests
and a direct association between Fat-free mass pulmonary function tests (FEV1 and FVC) adjusted
for age, sex, and anthropometric indices.
Influences on the Uptake of Health and Well-being Apps and Curated App Portals: Think-Aloud and Interview Study
Authors: Szinay Dorothy , Perski Olga , Jones Andy , Chadborn Tim , Brown Jamie , Naughton Felix
Published: March 2021

Background

Health and well-being smartphone apps can provide a cost-effective solution to addressing unhealthy behaviors. The selection of these apps tends to occur in commercial app stores, where thousands of health apps are available. Their uptake is often influenced by popularity indicators. However, these indicators are not necessarily associated with app effectiveness or evidence-based content. Alternative routes to app selection are increasingly available, such as via curated app portals, but little is known about people’s experiences of them.

Objective

The aim of this study is to explore how people select health apps on the internet and their views on curated app portals.

Methods

A total of 18 UK-based adults were recruited through social media and asked during an in-person meeting to verbalize their thoughts while searching for a health or well-being app on the internet on a platform of their choice. The search was then repeated on 2 curated health app portals: the National Health Service Apps Library and the Public Health England One You App portal. This was followed by semistructured interviews. Data were analyzed using framework analysis, informed by the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior model and the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Results

Searching for health and well-being apps on the internet was described as a minefield. App uptake appeared to be influenced by participants’ capabilities such as app literacy skills and health and app awareness, and opportunities including the availability of apps, app esthetics, the price of an app, and social influences. Motivation factors that seemed to affect the uptake were perceived competence, time efficiency, perceived utility and accuracy of an app, transparency about data protection, commitment and social identity, and a wide range of emotions. Social influences and the perceived utility of an app were highlighted as particularly important. Participants were not previously aware of curated portals but found the concept appealing. Curated health app portals appeared to engender trust and alleviate data protection concerns. Although apps listed on these were perceived as more trustworthy, their presentation was considered disappointing. This disappointment seemed to stem from the functionality of the portals, lack of user guidance, and lack of tailored content to an individual’s needs.

Conclusions

The uptake of health and well-being apps appears to be primarily affected by social influences and the perceived utility of an app. App uptake via curated health app portals perceived as credible may mitigate concerns related to data protection and accuracy, but their implementation must better meet user needs and expectations.
An 11-Item Measure of User- and Human-Centered Design for Personal Health Tools (UCD-11): Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Witteman Holly O , Vaisson Gratianne , Provencher Thierry , Chipenda Dansokho Selma , Colquhoun Heather , Dugas Michele , Fagerlin Angela , Giguere Anik MC , Haslett Lynne , Hoffman Aubri , Ivers Noah M , Légaré France , Trottier Marie-Eve , Stacey Dawn , Volk Robert J , Renaud Jean-Sébastien
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Researchers developing personal health tools employ a range of approaches to involve prospective users in design and development.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper was to develop a validated measure of the human- or user-centeredness of design and development processes for personal health tools.

METHODS

We conducted a psychometric analysis of data from a previous systematic review of the design and development processes of 348 personal health tools. Using a conceptual framework of user-centered design, our team of patients, caregivers, health professionals, tool developers, and researchers analyzed how specific practices in tool design and development might be combined and used as a measure. We prioritized variables according to their importance within the conceptual framework and validated the resultant measure using principal component analysis with Varimax rotation, classical item analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis.

RESULTS

We retained 11 items in a 3-factor structure explaining 68% of the variance in the data. The Cronbach alpha was .72. Confirmatory factor analysis supported our hypothesis of a latent construct of user-centeredness. Items were whether or not: (1) patient, family, caregiver, or surrogate users were involved in the steps that help tool developers understand users or (2) develop a prototype, (3) asked their opinions, (4) observed using the tool or (5) involved in steps intended to evaluate the tool, (6) the process had 3 or more iterative cycles, (7) changes between cycles were explicitly reported, (8) health professionals were asked their opinion and (9) consulted before the first prototype was developed or (10) between initial and final prototypes, and (11) a panel of other experts was involved.

CONCLUSIONS

The User-Centered Design 11-item measure (UCD-11) may be used to quantitatively document the user/human-centeredness of design and development processes of patient-centered tools. By building an evidence base about such processes, we can help ensure that tools are adapted to people who will use them, rather than requiring people to adapt to tools.
Underrepresentation of Phenotypic Variability of 16p13.11 Microduplication Syndrome Assessed With an Online Self-Phenotyping Tool (Phenotypr): Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Li Jianqiao , Hojlo Margaret A , Chennuri Sampath , Gujral Nitin , Paterson Heather L , Shefchek Kent A , Genetti Casie A , Cohn Emily L , Sewalk Kara C , Garvey Emily A , Buttermore Elizabeth D , Anderson Nickesha C , Beggs Alan H , Agrawal Pankaj B , Brownstein John S , Haendel Melissa A , Holm Ingrid A , Gonzalez-Heydrich Joseph , Brownstein Catherine A
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

16p13.11 microduplication syndrome has a variable presentation and is characterized primarily by neurodevelopmental and physical phenotypes resulting from copy number variation at chromosome 16p13.11. Given its variability, there may be features that have not yet been reported. The goal of this study was to use a patient “self-phenotyping” survey to collect data directly from patients to further characterize the phenotypes of 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to (1) discover self-identified phenotypes in 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome that have been underrepresented in the scientific literature and (2) demonstrate that self-phenotyping tools are valuable sources of data for the medical and scientific communities.

METHODS

As part of a large study to compare and evaluate patient self-phenotyping surveys, an online survey tool, Phenotypr, was developed for patients with rare disorders to self-report phenotypes. Participants with 16p13.11 microduplication syndrome were recruited through the Boston Children's Hospital 16p13.11 Registry. Either the caregiver, parent, or legal guardian of an affected child or the affected person (if aged 18 years or above) completed the survey. Results were securely transferred to a Research Electronic Data Capture database and aggregated for analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 19 participants enrolled in the study. Notably, among the 19 participants, aggression and anxiety were mentioned by 3 (16%) and 4 (21%) participants, respectively, which is an increase over the numbers in previously published literature. Additionally, among the 19 participants, 3 (16%) had asthma and 2 (11%) had other immunological disorders, both of which have not been previously described in the syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS

Several phenotypes might be underrepresented in the previous 16p13.11 microduplication literature, and new possible phenotypes have been identified. Whenever possible, patients should continue to be referenced as a source of complete phenotyping data on their condition. Self-phenotyping may lead to a better understanding of the prevalence of phenotypes in genetic disorders and may identify previously unreported phenotypes.
Persuasive Technology in an mHealth App Designed for Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Among Women: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Jaffar Aida , Tan Chai-Eng , Mohd-Sidik Sherina , Admodisastro Novia , Goodyear-Smith Felicity
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is one of the first-line treatments for stress urinary incontinence among pregnant women. Mobile health (mHealth) technology is potentially effective for delivering PFMT to pregnant women. Persuasive technology in the development of such mobile apps may facilitate behavior change by improving adherence to the exercises. The Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation–Behavior (COM-B) model is potentially useful in selecting the appropriate interventions to be incorporated into the apps.

OBJECTIVE

This review of mHealth apps for PFMT aims to describe the principles of persuasion used for each app and to propose mHealth app design features based on the COM-B model.

METHODS

A systematic literature search was conducted to answer three main research questions: what are the available mHealth apps for PFMT in the published literature, what persuasive strategies were used in their studies how were they mapped to the COM-B model, and how effective were the selected persuasive strategies for PFMT adherence? We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and local Malaysian databases such as MyCite and MyMedR for articles reporting mHealth apps used for the delivery of PFMT. We included original articles reporting experimental and cross-sectional studies, including pilot or feasibility trials. Systematic and narrative reviews were excluded. Narrative and thematic syntheses were conducted on the eligible articles based on the research questions. The Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies were used to assess study bias.

RESULTS

Of the 169 records from the initial search, 10 (5.9%) articles meeting the selection criteria were included in this review. There were 8 mHealth apps designed for the delivery of PFMT. The Tät, which used 3 categories of persuasive system design, improved PFMT adherence and was cost-effective. Only 1 app, the iBall app, used all categories of persuasive system design, by including social support such as "competition" in its design. The Diário Saúde app was the only app developed using operant conditioning. All apps incorporated Tailoring and Expertise as part of their PSD strategies. Only 3 apps, the Diário Saúde, Tät, and Pen Yi Kang demonstrated improved PFMT adherence.

CONCLUSIONS

Persuasive technology used in mobile apps may target desired behavior change more effectively. The persuasive system design can be mapped to the COM-B model to explain its effectiveness on behaviour change outcomes.
Privacy-Preserving Anonymity for Periodical Releases of Spontaneous Adverse Drug Event Reporting Data: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Jie-Teng , Lin Wen-Yang
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Spontaneous reporting systems (SRSs) have been increasingly established to collect adverse drug events for fostering adverse drug reaction (ADR) detection and analysis research. SRS data contain personal information, and so their publication requires data anonymization to prevent the disclosure of individuals’ privacy. We have previously proposed a privacy model called MS(k, θ*)-bounding and the associated MS-Anonymization algorithm to fulfill the anonymization of SRS data. In the real world, the SRS data usually are released periodically (eg, FDA Adverse Event Reporting System [FAERS]) to accommodate newly collected adverse drug events. Different anonymized releases of SRS data available to the attacker may thwart our single-release-focus method, that is, MS(k, θ*)-bounding.

OBJECTIVE

We investigate the privacy threat caused by periodical releases of SRS data and propose anonymization methods to prevent the disclosure of personal privacy information while maintaining the utility of published data.

METHODS

We identify potential attacks on periodical releases of SRS data, namely, BFL-attacks, mainly caused by follow-up cases. We present a new privacy model called PPMS(k, θ*)-bounding, and propose the associated PPMS-Anonymization algorithm and 2 improvements: PPMS+-Anonymization and PPMS++-Anonymization. Empirical evaluations were performed using 32 selected FAERS quarter data sets from 2004Q1 to 2011Q4. The performance of the proposed versions of PPMS-Anonymization was inspected against MS-Anonymization from some aspects, including data distortion, measured by normalized information loss; privacy risk of anonymized data, measured by dangerous identity ratio and dangerous sensitivity ratio; and data utility, measured by the bias of signal counting and strength (proportional reporting ratio).

RESULTS

The best version of PPMS-Anonymization, PPMS++-Anonymization, achieves nearly the same quality as MS-Anonymization in both privacy protection and data utility. Overall, PPMS++-Anonymization ensures zero privacy risk on record and attribute linkage, and exhibits 51%-78% and 59%-82% improvements on information loss over PPMS+-Anonymization and PPMS-Anonymization, respectively, and significantly reduces the bias of ADR signal.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed PPMS(k, θ*)-bounding model and PPMS-Anonymization algorithm are effective in anonymizing SRS data sets in the periodical data publishing scenario, preventing the series of releases from disclosing personal sensitive information caused by BFL-attacks while maintaining the data utility for ADR signal detection.
Conchas marinas: exquisitos termómetros
Authors: Medina Sánchez Javier
Published: March 2021

Casi todos hemos admirado la exquisita arquitectura de las conchas marinas, sus colores y disfrutado su delicioso contenido ¿Sabía usted que su química nos puede decir la temperatura del mar? Si tomamos la concha de una almeja o un ostión y analizamos las diferencias entre las masas de la multitud de átomos de oxígeno y carbono que la componen, podemos saber la temperatura a la que se formó, y con ello, la temperatura del agua. Esto es gracias a la novedosa técnica de isótopos estables agregados, una celebridad científica relativamente nueva y conocida internacionalmente por su nombre en inglés como “clumped isotopes”. El descubrimiento de la propiedad que tienen algunos átomos pesados de unirse entre ellos con mayor o menor frecuencia, dependiendo de la temperatura, y la posibilidad de medir esta propiedad, abren grandes perspectivas de avances en numerosos campos científicos.
Palabras clave: isótopos estables, minerales biológicos, carbonatos de calcio, termómetro marino.
¿Cómo prevenir la caries dental?
Authors: Morales Corona Federico
Published: March 2021

Este podcast tiene como objetivo brindar información importante y puntual acerca de qué son las caries, su origen y cómo se pueden prevenir.
Palabras clave: caries, salud dental, podcast, divulgación de la ciencia.
Gobernanza territorial en las protecciones institucionales alimentarias. Aproximaciones desde las DO del café en México
Authors: Martínez Salvador Laura Elena , De Jesús Contreras Daniel
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: analizar, a partir de una serie de elementos de la gobernanza territorial, los procesos de gestión y aprovechamiento de las denominaciones de origen (DO) Café Chiapas y Café Veracruz, con el fin de identificar el potencial de estas figuras de protección en el desarrollo territorial.   Diseño metodológico: para el análisis de los elementos de la gobernanza territorial en las denominaciones de origen conformadas alrededor de bienes alimentarios, se realizó un estudio de caso múltiple, de tipo cualitativo, enfocado en comprender los mecanismos de gobernanza territorial y se complementó con un análisis sistemático de información secundaria.Resultados: las DO de café, en ambos casos, muestran un nivel de institucionalización consolidado, y constituyen estrategias de revalorización de bienes alimentarios con anclaje territorial, con incidencia normativa, cuya institucionalización implica una serie de procesos de gobernanza territorial y articulación de stakeholders.Limitaciones de la investigación: el estudio de caso, pese a que se enfoca en las dos principales entidades productoras de café, no permite realizar generalizaciones sobre un fenómeno social por lo que, una ventana de oportunidad para entender más profundamente este tema se obtendría incluyendo las demás do alimentarias en México.Hallazgos: la instauración de las do es tan solo un primer paso hacia el reconocimiento del valor cultural de los alimentos y el aprovechamiento de los recursos para el desarrollo territorial.
VEGFR1 primes a unique cohort of dental pulp stem cells for vasculogenic differentiation
Authors:   Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. University Rm. G049, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA, Bergamo MT , Zhang Z , Oliveira TM , Nör JE
Published: March 2021

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) constitute a unique group of cells endowed with multipotency, self-renewal, and capacity to regenerate the dental pulp tissue. While much has been learned about these cells in recent years, it is still unclear if each DPSC is multipotent or if unique sub-populations of DPSCs are “primed” to undergo specific differentiation paths. The purpose of the present study was to define whether a sub-population of DPSCs was uniquely primed to undergo vasculogenic differentiation. Permanent-tooth DPSCs or stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) were flow-sorted for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and exposed to vasculogenic differentiation medium, i.e., Microvascular-Endothelial-Cell-Growth-Medium-2-BulletKit™ supplemented with 50 ng/mL rhVEGF165 in the presence of 0 or 25 μg/mL anti-human VEGF antibody (bevacizumab; Genentech). In addition, sorted SHED (i.e., VEGFR1high or VEGFR1low) were seeded in biodegradable scaffolds and transplanted into the subcutaneous space of immunodeficient mice. Despite proliferating at a similar rate, VEGFR1high generated more in vitro sprouts than VEGFR1low cells (p < 0.05). Blockade of VEGF signaling with bevacizumab inhibited VEGFR1high-derived sprouts, demonstrating specificity of responses. Similarly, VEGFR1high SHED generated more blood vessels when transplanted into murine hosts than VEGFR1low cells (p < 0.05). Collectively, these data demonstrated that DPSCs contain a unique sub-population of cells defined by high VEGFR1 expression that are primed to differentiate into vascular endothelial cells. These data raise the possibility of purifying stem cells with high vasculogenic potential for regeneration of vascularized tissues or for vascular engineering in the treatment of ischemic conditions.
EVALUASI PROGRAM SISTEM PENDIDIKAN TERPADU DINAS PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR (Evaluating the Program of Integrated Education System of the Department of Education and Culture, Aceh Besar District)
Authors: Silahuddin Silahuddin , Sofia Ana
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the achievements of the Integrated Education Program implemented by the Department of Education in Aceh Besar. The implementation of this program is motivated by various conditions that occur in Aceh Besar, such as there are still many cases related to community morals, both at the level of children and adults, so that shaping the character of the community through schools is crucial. Among the efforts made by the Department of Education in Aceh Besar is to implement Integrated Education at schools. The results of the research found that the implementation of the Integrated Education Program had taken place in accordance with the stages and standards that had been set. Furthermore, it is hoped that an integrated education system process will be carried out in each target school and there will be an increase in the quality of education to create the students with Islamic characteristics. This program is expected to be a model that can be adopted by other local governments, in order to achieve national education goals, both local and national levels.
ANALYSIS OF INSTRUMENT VALIDITY ASSESSMENT ITEMS FOR STUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Malik Muh Syauqi , Priyadi Maya Setia
Published: March 2021

This article aims to determine the analysis of instrument validity assessment items. The formulation in this article is to explain the concept of validity, instruments, as well as a detailed discussion of the feasibility analysis of the valuation instruments. The notion of validity is a concept related to the extent to which the test has measured what must be measured. To analyze instruments to evaluate learning outcomes in the form of test items, it can be done in 2 ways, namely qualitative analysis of questions and quantitative analysis of questions. This instrument is a benchmark for student learning achievement. The assessment instruments used by educational institutions in the form of school exams or madrassas must meet the requirements of substance, construction, language, and have evidence of empirical validity. While the analysis of the validity of the quantitative test includes analysis of totality validity which includes content validity, construct validity, forecast validity, and comparison validity, and item validity analysis. Researchers used data analysis techniques using instrument analysis sheets, manual calculations, Microsoft Excel applications, and SPSS applications (Statistical Product and Service Solution). This article is presented systematically and is accompanied by supporting instructions and images so that readers can understand it more quickly and more easily.
Relasi FPI dengan Dayah dalam Penegakan Syari’at Islam di Aceh
Authors: Pasha Karim Zahlul
Published: March 2021

This article attempts to answer why FPI's relationship with Dayah in Aceh is so close. This condition is seen in contrast to several other areas in Indonesia that are seen to experience frequent collisions. This article shows that the relations between FPI and Dayah groups in Aceh occurred for several reasons: first, the FPI organization in Aceh was led by Dayah people and used the Dayah santri network as a mass base. When FPI entered Aceh, the idea was rejected by some senior Acehnese scholars. After FPI succeeded in approaching young people from the Dayah circles, such as Muslem Attahiry, FPI's progress was seen to be very strong and succeeded in establishing its influence in some Dayah. Second, FPI in Aceh has the right space on the issue they are raising, namely Islamic Syari'at. Politicians who need an image of taking sides with shari'ah need to use FPI, either directly or indirectly. Third, the character of Acehnese people who are fanatical and like religious symbols so they don't care less about FPI's background. The people of Aceh will accept it as long as they (FPI) wrap their actions and agendas with narratives and religious symbols.

Abstrak

Artikel ini berusaha menjawab pertanyaan tentang mengapa hubungan FPI dengan Dayah di Aceh sangat dekat. Kondisi ini terlihat kontras dengan beberapa daerah lain di Indonesia yang terlihat sering mengalami benturan. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa relasi FPI dengan kalangan Dayah  di Aceh terjadi karena beberapa sebab: pertama, organisasi FPI di Aceh dipimpin oleh orang Dayah dan menggunakan jaringan santri Dayah sebagai basis massa. Awal FPI masuk ke Aceh, idenya sempat ditolak oleh sejumlah ulama senior Aceh. Setelah  FPI berhasil mendekati orang-orang muda dari kalangan Dayah, seperti Muslem Attahiry, kiprah FPI terlihat amat kuat dan berhasil menancapkan pengaruhnya di sejumlah Dayah. Kedua, FPI di Aceh memiliki ruang yang tepat pada isu yang mereka angkat, yaitu syari’at Islam. Politisi yang perlu citra keberpihakan pada syari’at perlu menggunakan FPI, baik secara langsung atau tidak langsung. Ketiga, karakter masyarakat Aceh yang fanatik dan menyukai simbol-simbol keagamaan sehingga kurang peduli dengan latar belakang FPI. Masyarkat Aceh akan menerima sejauh mereka (FPI) membungkus aksi dan agenda mereka dengan narasi-narasi dan simbol-simbol agama.
One-Way ANOVA, Tukey HSD, Scheffe, Bonferroni and Holm Multiple comparison tests for Physico-chemical Parameters in Four Water Bodies of Davangere District, Karnataka
Authors: Mala S.Thiru , Kiran B.R.
Published: March 2021

Surface water samples were collected for physico-chemical analysis during 2016-17 from four water bodies (Hadadi lake, Gonivada lake, Lokikere lake and Shagalealla) of Davanagere district , Karnataka. The main objectives of this study is to analyse various parameters such as pH, EC, turbidity, total alkalinity, total dissolved solids, chloride, total hardness, calcium, sodium, sulphate ,nitrogen and potassium. One-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD test with Scheffe, Bonferroni and Holm multiple comparison for the water quality parameters were carried out. pH of all the four water bodies are alkaline in nature with the total hardness included under hard to very hard category. Most of the water quality parameters are highest in Shagalehalla due to the agricultural runoff from the surrounding areas and human anthropogenic activities. One Way ANOVA for physical parameters depicted “F statistic value of 52.1265 with a “P” value of 1.112. Similarly, for chemical parameters “F”value and “P” values are 29.3941 and 5.6732 respectively. The p-value consequent to the F-statistic of one-way ANOVA is lower than 0.05 level and Tukey's HSD test to each of the six pairs of water quality parameters them exhibits statistically significant difference, We Compared the outcome against drinking water quality standards as per WHO and BIS, and it is observed that water samples from these water bodies are potable for human consumption after proper treatment due to moderate levels of pollution as per the physico-chemical data. It is concluded that the physico-chemical characteristics of the water indicates that the water bodies are moderately eutrophic in nature and there is an urgent need of preventive measures.