bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PABPN1 regulates mRNA alternative polyadenylation to inhibit bladder cancer progression
Authors: Chen Liang , Dong Wei , Zhou Menghao , Yang Chenlu , Xiong Ming , Kazobinka Gallina , Chen Zhaohui , Xing Yifei , Hou Teng
Published: March 2023

Background

About 10–20% of patients with bladder cancer (BC) progress to muscle-invasive diseases, of which the underlying key molecular events have yet to be addressed.

Results

Here, we identified poly(A) binding protein nuclear 1 (PABPN1), a general factor of alternative polyadenylation (APA), was downregulated in BC. Overexpression and knockdown of PABPN1 significantly decreased and increased BC aggressiveness, respectively. Mechanistically, we provide evidence that the preference of PABPN1-bound polyadenylation signals (PASs) depends on the relative location between canonical and non-canonical PASs. PABPN1 shapes inputs converging on Wnt signaling, cell cycle, and lipid biosynthesis.

Conclusions

Together, these findings provide insights into how PABPN1-mediated APA regulation contributes to BC progression, and suggest that pharmacological targeting PABPN1 might have therapeutic potential in patients with BC.
Interventions and practices using Comfort Theory of Kolcaba to promote adults’ comfort: an evidence and gap map protocol of international effectiveness studies
Authors: Lin Yanxia , Zhou Yi , Chen Can
Published: March 2023

Background

Comfort is a primary patient objective and central to patient experience, and thus, maximising comfort is a universal goal for healthcare. However, comfort is a complex concept that is difficult to operationalise and evaluate, resulting in a lack of scientific and standardised comfort care practices. The Comfort Theory developed by Kolcaba has been the most widely known for its systematisation and projection and most of the global publications regarding comfort care were based on this theory. To develop international guidance on theory-informed comfort care, a better understanding about the evidence on the effects of interventions guided by the Comfort Theory is needed.

Objectives

To map and present the available evidence on the effects of interventions underpinned by Kolcaba’s Comfort theory in healthcare settings.

Methods

The mapping review will follow Campbell Evidence and Gap Maps guideline and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews Protocols guidelines. An intervention-outcome framework has been developed based on Comfort Theory and the classification of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions via consultation with stakeholders. Eleven electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, AMED, Cochrane Library, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI and Wan Fang) and grey literature sources (Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar and The Comfort Line) will be searched for primary studies and systematic reviews between 1991 and 2023 written in English and Chinese as the papers regarding Comfort Theory were first published in 1991. Additional studies will be identified by reference list review of included studies. Key authors will be contacted for unpublished or ongoing studies. Two independent reviewers will screen and extract data using piloted forms with discrepancies resolved by discussion with a third reviewer. A matrix map with filters of study characteristics will be generated and presented through software of EPPI-Mapper and NVivo.

Discussion

More informed use of theory can strengthen improvement programmes and facilitate the evaluation of their effectiveness. Findings from the evidence and gap map will present the existing evidence base for researchers, practitioners and policy-makers and inform further research as well as clinical practices aiming at patients’ comfort enhancement.
FSPLO: a fast sensor placement location optimization method for cloud-aided inspection of smart buildings
Authors: Yang Min , Ge Chengmin , Zhao Xiaoran , Kou Huaizhen
Published: March 2023

With the awakening of health awareness, people are raising a series of health-related requirements for the buildings they live in, with a view to improving their living conditions. In this context, BIM (Building Information Modeling) makes full use of cutting-edge theories and technologies in many domains such as health, environment, and information technology to provide a new way for engineers to design and build various healthy and green buildings. Specifically, sensors are playing an important role in achieving smart building goals by monitoring the surroundings of buildings, objects and people with the help of cloud computing technology. In addition, it is necessary to quickly determine the optimal sensor placement to save energy and minimize the number of sensors for a building, which is a de-trial task for the cloud platform due to the limited number of sensors available and massive candidate locations for each sensor. In this paper, we propose a Fast Sensor Placement Location Optimization approach (FSPLO) to solve the BIM problem in cloud-aided smart buildings. In particular, we quickly filter out the repeated candidate locations of sensors in FSPLO using Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) techniques to maintain only a small number of optimized locations for deploying sensors around buildings. In this way, we can significantly reduce the number of sensors used for health and green buildings. Finally, a set of simulation experiments demonstrates the excellent performance of our proposed FSPLO method.
Detection of myeloma cell-derived microvesicles: a tool to monitor multiple myeloma load
Authors: Liu Zhao-Yun , Meng Nan-Hao , Cao Pan-Pan , Peng Feng-Ping , Luo Jing-Yi , Wang Hao , Jiang Feng-Juan , Lu Jin , Fu Rong
Published: March 2023

The persistence of tumor load in multiple myeloma (MM) lead to relapse in patients achieving complete remission (CR). Appropriate and effective methods of myeloma tumor load monitoring are important for guiding clinical management. This study aimed to clarify the value of microvesicles in monitoring MM tumor load. Microvesicles in bone marrow and peripheral blood were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation and detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting was applied to assess myosin light chain phosphorylation levels. Flow cytometry to detect Ps+CD41a−, Ps+CD41a−CD138+, Ps+CD41a−BCMA+ microvesicles from bone marrow can be used to predict myeloma burden, furthermore, Ps+CD41a− microvesicles may as a potential index to MRD test. Mechanistically, the releasing of microvesicles from MM cell was regulated by Pim-2 Kinase via Phosphorylation of MLC-2 protein.
Psychological correlates of perceived loneliness in college students before and during the COVID-19 stay-at-home period: a longitudinal study
Authors: Conti Chiara , Lanzara Roberta , Rosa Ilenia , Müller Markus M. , Porcelli Piero
Published: March 2023

Background

Loneliness is increasingly acknowledged as a serious public health issue. This longitudinal study aimed to assess the extent to which psychological distress and alexithymia can predict loneliness among Italian college students before and one year after the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods

A convenience sample of 177 psychology college students were recruited. Loneliness (UCLA), alexithymia (TAS-20), anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), and somatic symptoms (PHQ-15) were assessed before the COVID-19 outbreak and one year after the spread of COVID-19 worldwide.

Results

After controlling for baseline loneliness, students with high levels of loneliness during lockdown showed worsening psychological distress and alexithymic traits over time. Suffering from depressive symptoms before COVID-19 and the aggravation of alexithymic traits independently predicted 41% of perceived loneliness during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Conclusions

College students with higher levels of depression and alexithymic traits both before and one year after the lockdown were more at risk of suffering from perceived loneliness and may constitute the target sample for psychological support and intervention.
Medication-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw: a review of cases from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)
Authors: Ahdi Hardeep S. , Wichelmann Thomas Adam , Pandravada Sasirekha , Ehrenpreis Eli D.
Published: March 2023

Background

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a rare but serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) commonly associated with bisphosphonate and denosumab therapy. Prior research utilized an online, public FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database to explore this ADR. This data identified and described several novel medications associated with ONJ. Our study aims to build upon the prior findings, reporting trends of medication induced ONJ over time and identifying newly described medications.

Methods

We searched the FAERS database for all reported cases of medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) from 2010 to 2021. Cases lacking patient age or gender were excluded. Only adults (18 +) and reports from Healthcare Professions were included. Duplicate cases were removed. The top 20 medications were identified and described for April 2010-December 2014 and April 2015-January 2021.

Results

Nineteen thousand six hundred sixty-eight cases of ONJ were reported to the FAERS database from 2010–2021. 8,908 cases met inclusion criteria. 3,132 cases were from 2010–2014 and 5,776 cases from 2015–2021. Within the cases from 2010–2014, 64.7% were female and 35.3% were male, and the average age was 66.1 ± 11.1 years. Between 2015–2021, 64.3% were female and 35.7% were male, and the average age was 69.2 ± 11.5 years. Review of the 2010–2014 data identified several medications and drug classes associated with ONJ not previously described. They include lenalidomide, corticosteroids (prednisolone and dexamethasone), docetaxel and paclitaxel, letrozole, methotrexate, imatinib, and teriparatide. Novel drugs and classes described between 2015–2021 include palbociclib, pomalidomide, radium 223, nivolumab, and cabozantinib.

Discussion

While stricter inclusion criteria and removal of duplicate cases led to fewer overall identified cases of MRONJ when compared to prior research, our data represents a more reliable analysis of MRONJ reports to the FAERS database. Denosumab was the most frequently reported medication associated with ONJ. While unable to imply incidence rates from our data due to the nature of the FAERS database, our findings provide further description of the various medications associated with ONJ and elucidate patient demographics associated with the ADR. Additionally, our study identifies cases of several newly described drugs and drug classes that have not been previously described in literature.
Construction and recognition of acoustic ID of ancient coins based on deep learning of artificial intelligence for audio signals
Authors: Jin Xiaoxue , Wang Xiufeng , Cao Xinqiang , Xue Chaohua
Published: March 2023

In the field of cultural heritage protection, it is significant to establish a reliable ID (identifier) for valuable cultural and artistic items. At present, the identification of ancient cultural relics is mainly based on image information, such as pictures, 3D (three-dimensional) scanning, X-ray and CT (computed tomography) data. However, in many cases, it is impossible to identify whether slight damage, partial restorations, or ancient cultural relics have been replaced by fakes by using image information. In the era of digital duplication, more reliable identity information is urgently needed. The main technical challenge of an acoustic analysis system for ancient coins based on artificial intelligence technology is to find a non-destructive, fast and accurate identification method for ancient cultural relics. The recognition method includes two main modules: the artificial audio data sampling device and deep learning. In addition, this paper has completed the analysis of the vibration spectrum features of 19 ancient coins and realized the whole process of acoustic ID construction. The open-source platform Easy DL was used to analyze the multidimensional vibration spectrum curve feature extraction and identification. This method enables audio signal signature recognition technology to be applied in the display, preservation, transaction and safety management of ancient coins and other cultural relics.
Benefits of high-dielectric pad for neuroimaging study in 7-Tesla MRI
Authors: Park Shin-Eui , Jeon Yeong-Jae , Baek Hyeon-Man
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of a high-dielectric pad is effective in increasing transmit and receive sensitivity in areas of low signal intensity in the human brain at high magnetic fields and assess its usefulness in neuroimaging studies. The novelty of this study lies in the first reported use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) results to evaluate the effect of the pad on neuroimaging. Six volunteers underwent MR scanning using a 7 T MR system. T1-weighted images (T1w) and diffusion-weighted images (DWI) were acquired to demonstrate the benefits of a high-dielectric pad made of barium titanate (BaTiO3). For all imaging experiments, two datasets were acquired per person, one with and one without a high-dielectric pad. Enhancement of signal sensitivity in neuroimaging has been analyzed by DTI study. Higher signal intensities and spatial contrast were demonstrated in the in T1w images acquired using high-dielectric pad than in those acquired without high-dielectric pad. Especially in DTI studies, increased quantitative anisotropy (QA) signals were observed in the corticospinal tract (CST), frontopontine tract (FPT), splenium of corpus callosum (SCC), fornix (FX), inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), cerebellum (CB), middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP), and body of corpus callosum (BCC) (FDR < 0.05). The signal differences accounted for an overall 20% increase. A high-dielectric pad is effective in enhancing signal intensity in human brain images acquired using 7 T MRI. Our results show that the use of such pad can increase the spatial resolution, tissue contrast, and signal intensity in neuroimaging studies. These findings suggest that high-dielectric pads may provide a relatively simple and low-cost method for spatiotemporal brain imaging studies.
Changes in nutrient stoichiometry in responding to diatom growth in cyclonic eddies
Authors: Zhou Kuanbo , Xu Yanping , Kao Shuh-Ji , Xiu Peng , Wan Xianhui , Huang Bangqin , Liu Xin , Du Chuanjun , Sun Jun , Sun Zhenyu , Dai Minhan
Published: March 2023

Nutrient stoichiometry (e.g., nitrate + nitrite to soluble reactive phosphorus, refer to N + N/SRP, N/P hereafter) governs growth, competition and niche partitioning of phytoplankton in the illuminated oceans. The N/P, however, varies widely across the ocean and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report direct observations of significant variations in N/P in response to different life stages of two cyclonic eddies observed in the western South China Sea. High N/P (19.1 ± 6.9) values were observed around the nitracline in a mature-stage eddy, whereas a decay-stage eddy was characterized with low N/P (14.4 ± 4.1). The elevated N/P ratios accompanied by enriched fucoxanthin (pigment for diatom) and biogenic silica around the nitracline suggest that eddy pumping enhanced the growth of diatom which preferentially uptakes P relative to N in the mature stage of the eddy. Such high N/P ratios in the upper ocean could be reproduced if diatom uptake ratio was set between 10 and 16 in a data constrained numerical model. The preferential P uptake by enhanced diatom growth might reduce the P supply to the surface ocean, which is critical for N2-fixers. The transient changes in nutrient stoichiometry associated within the life cycle of cyclonic eddies also challenges the parameterization of physical–biogeochemical models with fixed phytoplankton uptake stoichiometry ratios, which could lead to bias of the model output for phytoplankton dynamics in oligotrophic ocean, where eddies frequently occur.
Enhancing biological control: conservation of alternative hosts of natural enemies
Authors: Cortez-Madrigal Hipolito , Gutiérrez-Cárdenas Oscar Giovanni
Published: March 2023

Background

There is a consensus that the conservation of natural enemies is the most important biological control strategy, but it has also been the least attended. The reason is simple: there is a strong contradiction between modern agriculture and biological control. Various strategies have been proposed for the conservation of natural enemies, among others, protection against pesticides and establishment of nectar plants as alternative food. Less attention has been paid to the conservation of alternative hosts for natural enemies.

Main body

Natural enemies are not exclusive to pests, on the contrary, numerous species require alternative prey and hosts for their prevalence. Their conservation is a strategy widely referenced in scientific literature; however, this idea is not consistent with the studies developed. From 1973 to 2021, only 21 studies that emphasized the use of alternative hosts were recorded. Most focused on single phytophagous–natural enemy species, and little attention was given to the plant–phytophagous relationship. For example, Asclepias curassavica (Apocynaceae) hosts more than nine species of specialist phytophagous; and they, in turn, attracted 24 species of natural enemies. Although different studies demonstrate the potential of alternative hosts, some presume an adverse or doubtful effect on pest control; for example, additional vegetation in agroecosystems could act as a source, but also as a sink for natural enemies. This analysis tries to fit biological control to the modern agricultural paradigm, and not the other way around, as suggested by ecological theory. We support the idea that conservation biological control should be directed toward the conservation of multiple species, with the aim of controlling not only pest, but also the self-regulation of the agroecosystem. The path that should be followed by the study and application of alternative hosts as a strategy of biological control by conservation is discussed.

Conclusion

The wide diversity of non-pest insect species suggests an enormous potential for their exploitation as alternative hosts. The evaluation of host plants of specialized phytophagous species could improve biological control and reduce the risk of pests for crops. This strategy would partly fill the huge gap that exists in modern agroecosystems in terms of biological diversity.
Acute herpetic encephalitis with atypical radiological presentation
Authors: Singh Mridula , Khandelwal Dinesh , Mathur Vaibhav , Shah Chandani
Published: March 2023

A 39-year-old male without any preceding medical ailment presented with 12 day history of fever followed by behavioral changes with left sided weakness. He was found to have Herpes Simplex Virus-1 encephalitis (polymerase chain reaction positive) and with Magnetic Resonance Imaging finding of asymmetrical frontotemporoparietal (right side affected more than left side) involvement with patchy enhancement with atypical nodular enhancement and subtle diffusion restriction. Nodular enhancement is rare in acute inflammations and is reported mainly with chronic granulomatous infections.
Robotic versus open partial nephrectomy in the context of mild severity complications: a meta-analysis of comparative studies supplemented by meta-regression
Authors: Artsitas Sotirios , Artsitas Dimitrios , Segkou Ioanna , Koronaki Irene , Toutouzas Konstantinos G. , Zografos George C.
Published: March 2023

Background

The incidence of mild postoperative complications has been shown to be strongly associated with the beneficial effects provided through minimally invasive surgery. The main objective of the present study was to compare robotic and conventional open partial nephrectomy in terms of the incidence of mild postoperative complications.

Main body

The literature search process included all the comparative studies identified up to April 2022. Inclusion criteria concerned studies published in English, involving exclusively adult patients with solitary or multiple renal masses, who underwent robotic/robot-assisted or open partial nephrectomy. As mild postoperative complications, were defined those of Clavien–Dindo grade ≤ II. The meta-analysis included a total of 16 studies (3238 patients) and was also supplemented by appropriate subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis to investigate for any additional sources of heterogeneity. Pooled data analysis revealed a statistically significant advantage with the adoption of the robotic approach (petoOR = 0.52, CI95% [0.43; 0.64]), while similar results were obtained from the analysis of the subgroups of studies with or without patient matching, those conducted in a single or multiple centers, as well as those published after 2015. From meta-regression, a time-independent superiority of robotic over open partial nephrectomy emerged, characterized by a tendency to broaden over the years. This finding was attributed to inherent features of robotic technology, the utilization of which is optimized in the context of its wider adoption in current kidney surgery practice.

Short conclusion

The main conclusion that can be drawn implies the clear superiority on the part of robotic partial nephrectomy over open surgery, in reducing the incidence of mild postoperative complications.
Trophic level and proteobacteria abundance drive antibiotic resistance levels in fish from coastal New England
Authors: Korry Benjamin J. , Belenky Peter
Published: March 2023

Background

The natural marine environment represents a vast reservoir of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. The wildlife that inhabits this environment plays an important role as the host to these bacteria and in the dissemination of resistance. The relationship between host diet, phylogeny, and trophic level and the microbiome/resistome in marine fish is not fully understood. To further explore this relationship, we utilize shotgun metagenomic sequencing to define the gastrointestinal tract microbiomes of seven different marine vertebrates collected in coastal New England waters.

Results

We identify inter and intraspecies differences in the gut microbiota of these wild marine fish populations. Furthermore, we find an association between antibiotic resistance genes and host dietary guild, which suggests that higher trophic level organisms have a greater abundance of resistance genes. Additionally, we demonstrate that antibiotic resistance gene burden is positively correlated with Proteobacteria abundance in the microbiome. Lastly, we identify dietary signatures within the gut of these fish and find evidence of possible dietary selection for bacteria with specific carbohydrate utilization potential.

Conclusions

This work establishes a link between host lifestyle/dietary guild, and microbiome composition and the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes within the gastrointestinal tract of marine organisms. We expand the current understanding of marine organism-associated microbial communities and their role as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes.
Impact of changing PI-RADS cutoff on prostate cancer detection by MRI cognitive fusion biopsy in biopsy-naïve patients
Authors: El-Helaly Hesham Abdel-Azim , Mahmoud Asem Abdel-Aziz , Magdy Ahmed Mohamed , Hasehem Abdelwahab , Ibrahim Hamdy Mohamed , Mohamed Khaled Moheyelden , Ismail Mohamed Hamdy
Published: March 2023

Background

Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging may improve the detection of prostate cancer. The aim of this work is to compare between PI-RADS 3–5 and PI-RADS 4–5 as a threshold for targeted prostatic biopsy.

Methods

This is a prospective clinical study that included 40 biopsy-naïve patients referred for prostate biopsy. Patients underwent prebiopsy multi-parametric (mp-MRI), followed by 12-core transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic biopsy and cognitive MRI/TRUS fusion targeted biopsy from each detected lesion. The primary endpoint was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the PI-RAD 3–4 versus PI-RADS 4–5 lesion by mpMRI for prostate cancer detection in biopsy-naive men.

Results

The overall prostate cancer detection rate and the clinically significant cancer detection rate were 42.5% and 35%, respectively. Targeted biopsies from PI-RADS 3–5 lesions showed a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 44%, positive predictive value of 51.7%, and negative predictive value of 100%. Restricting targeted biopsies to PI-RADS 4–5 lesions resulted in a decrease in sensitivity and negative predictive value to 73.3% and 86.2%, respectively, while specificity and positive predictive value were increased to 100% for both parameters which was statistically significant (P value < 0.0001 and P value = 0.004, respectively).

Conclusions

Limiting the TBs to PI-RADS 4–5 lesions improves the performance of mp-MRI in the detection of prostate cancer especially aggressive tumors.
The value of adding DWI and FLAIR signal changes in the resection cavity on the diagnostic performance of BT-RADS category 3 for tumor progression prediction in post-treated glioma patients: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Metwally Maha Ibrahim , Hafez Faten Fawzy Mohammad , Ibrahim Sara Abdulrhman , Morsy Ahmed Ali , Zeed Nesma Adel
Published: March 2023

Background

BT-RADS is a structured reporting system of post-treatment glioma. BT-RADS category 3 carries a probability of recurrent malignancy versus treatment-related changes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the additive value of DWI and resection cavity FLAIR signal changes to BT-RADS category 3 in the prediction of tumor progression. We prospectively evaluated follow-up contrast-enhanced MR imaging where 27 post-treated glioma patients were assigned BT-RADS category 3. In all images, FLAIR signal, enhancement component, mass effect, and ADCmean were assessed. We used imaging follow-up from the second stage of the study as the gold standard for comparing the diagnostic performance of BT-RADS category 3 for predicting tumor recurrence before and after the addition of DWI and resection cavity FLAIR signal changes. ROC curves analyses were assessed and compared using the Delong test.

Results

48.1% of patients had tumor recurrence and 51.9% of patients had treatment-related changes. There was significant difference between ADCmean in recurrent and non-recurrent groups measuring 0.9 and 1.15 × 10−3mm2/s, respectively (p value < 0.001). BT-RADS, BT-RADS added DWI, and BT-RADS added DWI and resection cavity FLAIR signal had a specificity of 64.3, 71.4, and 71.4%, sensitivity of 76.9, 84.6, and 92.3%, and accuracy of 70.5, 77.8, and 81.5%, with improved AUC from 0.706 (95% CI of 0.50–0.86) to 0.78 (95% CI of 0.58–0.92) to 0.819 (95% CI of 0.64–0.94), respectively.

Conclusions

Adding DWI and resection cavity FLAIR signal alteration improves the diagnostic performance of BT-RADS category 3.
Prescribing patterns of thromboprophylaxis post-bariatric surgeries: no additional benefits of extended prophylaxis
Authors: Almalki Abdullah S. , Al Recheq Heba Adel , Bajnaid Eshtyage , Boraii Sherif , Abdelaziz Doaa H. , El Hadidi Seif
Published: March 2023

Background

Venous thromboembolism is one of the critical complications of bariatric surgeries resulting in life-threatening outcomes. The benefits and duration of appropriate thromboprophylaxis in the morbidly obese patients stay unclear. The study aims to compare the benefits of in-hospital thromboprophylaxis versus extended thromboprophylaxis post-bariatric surgery among a cohort with a high prevalence of morbid obesity.

Results

A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted on 229 morbidly obese patients who had undergone bariatric surgery in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia. Upon discharge, the patients were split either to receive no thromboprophylaxis or enoxaparin 40 mg once or twice daily for 14–21 days post-discharge. Primary outcomes were the clinical difference between the study groups in the percentage of patients who developed a symptomatic venous thromboembolic event during postoperative hospitalization or after discharge. Among patients who received no thromboprophylaxis (n = 119), no one developed a venous thromboembolic event, while, in the extended prophylaxis group (n = 110), 1.82% developed a non-fatal one (P = 0.23). Additionally, no significant difference in percentages of bleeding events occurred in both groups (p = 0.054).

Conclusions

The incidence of venous thromboembolism and bleeding events that occurred with extended thromboprophylaxis were deemed comparable and non-significant to the conventional in-hospital thromboprophylaxis. However, portal thrombosis stays an enigmatic complication despite its documented sparsity in literature.
Destruction of Anderson localization by subquadratic nonlinearity
Authors: Milovanov A. V. , Iomin A.
Published: March 2023

It is shown based on a mapping procedure onto a Cayley tree that a subquadratic nonlinearity destroys Anderson localization of waves in nonlinear Schrödinger lattices with randomness, if the exponent of the nonlinearity satisfies

, giving rise to unlimited subdiffusive spreading of an initially localized wave packet along the lattice. The focus on subquadratic nonlinearity is intended to amend and generalize the special case s = 1, considered previously, by offering a more comprehensive picture of dynamics. A transport model characterizing the spreading process is obtained in terms of a bifractional diffusion equation involving both long-time trappings of unstable modes on finite clusters and their long-haul jumps in wave number space consistent with Lévy flights. The origin of the flights is associated with self-intersections of the higher-order Cayley trees with odd coordination numbers z > 3 leading to degenerate states.
Impact of economic growth on scientific production in Latin America and the Caribbean based on panel data analysis
Authors: Rivera-Lozada Oriana , Yangali-Vicente Judith Soledad , Millones-Gòmez Pablo Alejandro , Minchón -Medina Carlos Alberto , Rosales-Cifuentes Tania Valentina
Published: March 2023

Background: The great difference in scientific production among countries, especially in Latin America and the Caribbean, may be related to the economic growth of each nation, but countries with larger economies do not necessarily have higher scientific production. Political changes and unstable economies result in little sustainability of scientific production in the countries in these regions. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of economic growth on scientific production, measured as the variation in the gross domestic product and the number of scientific publications, in Latin American and Caribbean countries.

Methods: The analyzed information was collected from the open data source of the World Bank for the years from 2000 to 2018. The analysis was performed using unbalanced data panel models that cross-sectionally considered the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean and longitudinally considered the period 2000-2018 using grouped regression models, fixed effects models or random effects models. The Hausman test was used to choose between fixed and random effects models.

Results:  The results of both the random effects models and the fixed effects models demonstrated the negative impact of economic growth on scientific production. This proves that it is necessary to state alternatives to mend and improve the state of scientific production.

Conclusion:  The present study is relevant because it is one of the first to study the impact of gross domestic product on scientific production in Latin American and Caribbean countries from a longitudinal perspective that also allows evaluating the dynamics of both variables.
Self-empowerment of life through RNA networks, cells and viruses
Authors: Villarreal Luis , Witzany Guenther
Published: March 2023

Our understanding of the key players in evolution and of the development of all organisms in all domains of life has been aided by current knowledge about RNA stem-loop groups, their proposed interaction motifs in an early RNA world and their regulative roles in all steps and substeps of nearly all cellular processes, such as replication, transcription, translation, repair, immunity and epigenetic marking. Cooperative evolution was enabled by promiscuous interactions between single-stranded regions in the loops of naturally forming stem-loop structures in RNAs. It was also shown that cooperative RNA stem-loops outcompete selfish ones and provide foundational self-constructive groups (ribosome, editosome, spliceosome,etc.). Self-empowerment from abiotic matter to biological behavior does not just occur at the beginning of biological evolution; it is also essential for all levels of socially interacting RNAs, cells and viruses.
Tale of Two Cities: narrative review of oxygen
Authors: Gullapalli Pranathi , Fossati Nicoletta , Stamenkovic Dusica , Haque Muhammad , Cattano Davide
Published: March 2023

The human brain contributes 2% of the body weight yet receives 15% of cardiac output and demands a constant supply of oxygen (O2) and nutrients to meet its metabolic needs. Cerebral autoregulation is responsible for maintaining a constant cerebral blood flow that provides the supply of oxygen and maintains the energy storage capacity. We selected oxygen administration-related studies published between 1975–2021 that included meta-analysis, original research, commentaries, editorial, and review articles. In the present narrative review, several important aspects of the oxygen effects on brain tissues and cerebral autoregulation are discussed, as well the role of exogenous O2 administration in patients with chronic ischemic cerebrovascular disease: We aimed to revisit the utility of O2 administration in pathophysiological situations whether or not being advantageous. Indeed, a compelling clinical and experimental body of evidence questions the utility of routine oxygen administration in acute and post-recovery brain ischemia, as evident by studies in neurophysiology imaging. While O2 is still part of common clinical practice, it remains unclear whether its routine use is safe.
The Challenge Non-Typhoidal Salmonella (CHANTS) Consortium: Development of a non-typhoidal Salmonella controlled human infection model: Report from a consultation group workshop, 05 July 2022, London, UK
Authors: Smith Christopher , Smith Emma , Chiu Christopher , Hinton Jay , Perez Sepulveda Blanca , Gordon Melita , Choy Robert K.M. , Hill Peter W.S. , Meiring James E. , Darton Thomas C. , Carey Megan E. , Cooke Graham , Gibani Malick M. ,   CHANTS Consortium
Published: March 2023

Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease (iNTS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly as a cause of bloodstream infection in children and immunocompromised adults in sub-Saharan Africa. Vaccines to prevent non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) would represent a valuable public health tool in this setting to avert cases and prevent expansion of antimicrobial resistance. Several NTS and combination typhoidal-NTS vaccine candidates are in early-stage development, although the pathway to licensure is unclear due to challenges in conducting large phase III field trials.

Controlled human infection models (CHIM) present an opportunity to accelerate vaccine development for a range of enteric pathogens. Several recent typhoidal Salmonella CHIMs have been conducted safely and have played pivotal roles in progressing vaccine candidates to pre-qualification and licensure. The Challenge Non-Typhoidal Salmonella (CHANTS) consortium has been formed with funding from the Wellcome Trust, to deliver the first NTS CHIM, which can act as a platform for future vaccine evaluation.

This paper reports the conclusions of a consultation group workshop convened with key stakeholders. The aims of this meeting were to: (1) define the rationale for an NTS CHIM (2) map the NTS vaccine pipeline (3) refine study design and (4) establish potential future use cases.
Comprehensive Organization of Extracurricular Activities and a Program of Educational Work
Authors: Moshnina R. , Khilenko T.
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the relationship between extracurricular activities and educational work in accordance with the updated Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education.
A SPECIAL LEVEL OF CULTURE OF DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Matushenko Swetlana , Frik O.
Published: March 2023

At present, a significant increase in the number of publications devoted to distance learning can be recorded, which indicates the relevance of this topic. The relevance of the topic of distance learning has increased in the context of the epidemiological threat caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The article discusses the concept of "culture of distance learning", notes that it is only discussed and formed in the practice of modern education. The article highlights four levels of distance learning culture. The purpose of the article is to study the technological level as a special level of distance learning culture. Its definition is given and essential characteristics and constituent elements are analyzed. The stages of provision with computer equipment for distance learning in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia are identified and analyzed. The article considers the formation of technological skills and abilities in the context of the availability of technological skills and abilities for high-quality work with technical means and technological skills and abilities to ensure the conduct of training sessions remotely. The authors believe that the technological level of distance learning culture sets a special standard for teacher-training relations in the conditions of distance learning.
Financial Literacy As a Necessary Component of the Highly Qualified Personnel Training System
Authors: MUKHAMETDINOVA S. , TYUMENTSEVA E. , Shamis V.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of financial literacy of young people based on the results of a sociological survey, in which 158 students of Omsk universities of various areas of training took part. The relevance of teaching financial literacy in a modern university according to a 5-point system was rated by about 80% of respondents at least 4 points. Thus, the results of the study allow us to conclude that it is necessary to introduce special courses on financial literacy in the system of training highly qualified personnel or to include relevant sections in the study of disciplines of economic-mathematical and information-technological cycles.
Forming a Positive Image of China in the Social Network “VKontakte” Through the Prism of Discourse Analysis (During the Covid-19 Pandemic)
Authors: Czen Tin , Martynova M.
Published: March 2023

The article deals with issues related to modern communication studies. Particular attention is drawn to the factors that influence the creation of a particular image (in particular, the image of China) by means of language. Taking into account the influence of the media text on public opinion and the formation of a certain vision of the image of the country, both lexical, grammatical, and syntactic language possibilities are analyzed. Based on the understanding of today's features of communication associated with the expansion of the information field due to the widespread use of Internet technologies, social networks stand out as a tool for shaping public opinion and a "sounding" response to the most significant events not only on a national scale, but also on a global scale. The COVID-19 pandemic is becoming such an event that has affected all countries without exception. In the context of this problem, the authors propose to analyze a large amount of material collected in the Russian social network VKontakte (VK). The choice of VK is substantiated due to the great popularity among Chinese users, recognition, wide distribution as the only “recognizable” Russian social network. Describes the method of discourse analysis and the relevance of its application for this study. The paper presents an overview of the works of Russian and foreign scientists devoted to the study of discourse. Based on the regularities identified from the discourse analysis, a classification of "evaluative" means is proposed, based on semantic and word-formation approaches. The conclusion is made about the dynamics of the formation of a positive image of China in the social and communicative context of the Russian-speaking community.
Imagination as a fundamental communication of being and consciousness. Philosophical and aesthetic aspect
Authors: Didenko Valeriy , Didenko N. , Kozlova T.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of imagination, which is considered as a spiritual basis, a fundamental form of communication, a dialogue of being and consciousness, man and the world. The authors come to the conclusion that the imaginative reality is an absolute reality in which a person's life acquires a real-surreal character. Expressed in art, imagination transforms the realities of life, transforms the perishable into the eternal.
The Real Virtual World: Revolution or Natural Renewal? (Materials of the International Round Table, State IRYA Named After A.S. Pushkin, 28.10.2022)
Authors: Slyshkin Gennadiy , Milovanova M. , Malygina L.
Published: March 2023

The Second International Scientific Conference "Modern Russian Axiosphere: semantics and Pragmatics of Identity", dedicated to understanding modern Russian reality from the standpoint of linguoaxiology, ended with a Round table meeting during which participants exchanged views on the problem: the values of the new – virtual – world in their interaction with the values of life preceding the Internet era. The article summarizes the points of view of linguists, well-known researchers in the field of language and modern communication.
The communicative potential of elliptical sentences (based on the material of the German language)
Authors: Shmeleva O. , Fadeeva L.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the issues of communicative syntax, namely the problems of ellipsis, the identification of criteria for ellipticity. The aim of this article is to identify the communicative potential of elliptical sentences, their prevalence in the speech of the characters of a work of art, as well as to identify their stylistic functions and grammatical features. The status of colloquial speech in general and German colloquial speech in particular, the concept of the norm and the criteria of normativity are considered. The article attempts to define and systematize the types of elliptical sentences, their syntactic features and communicative functions in colloquial speech. The data of practical researches are considered. An ellipse is defined as a violation of the mandatory compatibility within a syntactic construction. Based on the criterion of dependence of elliptic sentences on the context, a classification of ellipses is proposed as contextually conditioned and contextually unconditioned (situational). In question-and-answer units, ellipses perform communicative functions: question, answer, motivation, emotional evaluation, questioning. Elliptic sentences are more connected to the context than full sentences, and from this point of view they are synsematic.

The analysis showed that ellipses are divided into two large groups in relation to which member of the sentence implies an unrealized valency: main or secondary. In elliptical sentences, one or both of the main members of the sentence may be missing. In the group of a compound predicate, both the nominal and the main part can be omitted, while the omission of the latter occurs almost twice as often.

The article gives practical recommendations to German language teachers on how to use the patterns of constructing elliptical sentences when teaching dialogic speech.
Value orientations of service communication
Authors: Yan Can' , Goncharova Lyubov
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the study is to determine the value orientations of service communication and describe the axiological components of this type of institutional discourse. During the research, 217 texts of service communication were analyzed, including advertising messages of service companies, customer feedback, as well as information resources of websites. General scientific and linguistic research methods were used: observation, comparison and description; linguistic and extra-linguistic approaches to the lexical material, discourse analysis, contextual analysis, interpretive-contextual and lexico-semantic test analysis.

On the basis of the studied material three groups of values were identified, among which are natural values, determined by human standards of life, morality and ethics; pragmatic values associated with the service activity itself, the services and products produced; artificial values, positioned by service companies in connection with advertising practices and the need to attract customers.
Joining the Parties as a Taboo in the Mediator’s Communicative Behavior
Authors: Kinderkneht A.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the description and justification of prohibitions in the communicative behavior of a professional linguistic personality. The communicative taboos of a mediator as a neutral mediator in a conflict/dispute are considered. Attention is paid to the prohibitions associated with the mediator joining the parties in the negotiation process.

The impossibility of direct observation of the mediator's communicative behavior in connection with the principle of confidentiality in mediation led to the choice of research methods and material: linguopragmatic and discourse analysis of open mediation sources, participant observation and intraprofessional communication with mediators.

The author examines the implementation of the principle of neutrality in mediation and defines the value guideline of the mediator's communicative behavior – non-alignment with the parties. There are prohibitions that characterize joining as a strict taboo of the mediator's communicative behavior: verbal (language and speech) prohibitions, thematic and non-verbal (sound, mimic and gesture) prohibitions, spatial-temporal and organizational prohibitions.

It is noted that joining the parties significantly affects the process and results of mediation. The mediator's partiality and emotional involvement can lead to the loss of confidence of the parties and to the end of negotiations. The high taboo nature of the mediator's communicative behavior requires from the specialist of this communicative profession the ability of self-reflection and self-control.
Using conceptual metaphors to enhance Economics students’ cultural competence skills
Authors: Kazakova Elena
Published: March 2023

The article looks into the use of metaphors in English economic discourse and examines ways to turn conceptual metaphor analysis into a learning tool for students of business English.

We studied coverage of the economic impact of the 2020-22 pandemic on the tourism industry and the role that the conceptual metaphor «economy is a patient» plays in English economic discourse about these events. In our research we used corpus, semantic, conceptual and contextual analysis.

The findings show that the conceptual metaphor «economy is a patient» has been common in English economic discourse. Moreover, writers have frequently incorporated economic terminology into extended metaphors, highlighting the interplay of primary dictionary and contextual meaning in what is considered “dead metaphors”. The research proves that even trite metaphors can still have a persuasive effect on the reader creating powerful images in his/her mind’s eye. It also becomes clear that when writers use conventional metaphors, they are fully aware of their figurativeness.

From our perspective, using conceptual metaphor analysis methods in a business English class helps to achieve a number of teaching goals: it gives students useful insights into the origins of economic terminology, makes them culturally competent, helps them develop communicative skills. Therefore, it can be a useful learning tool.

The research contributes to the study of metaphor in modern economic discourse. The findings of the research could be used to develop ways to help students to acquire a number of important communication and professional skills.