bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment Features of High-Color Natural Waters
Authors: Golovin V L , Popova T Y , Medved P V , Bezborodov S A
Published: April 2021

Based on studies conducted at the water treatment complexes in the Primorsky Territory, as well as by taking into account the global practice of water treatment, an analysis is undertaken on the dangerous consequences of preliminary chlorination during the bleaching of natural waters, as well as on the effect of chlorine-containing components on organic impurities contained in untreated water. The development features of the microbiome in wastewater treatment plants of unpredictable - including hazardous - species are also considered.
Optimization of mechanical properties of bioplastics with the addition of ZnO and glycerol plasticizer
Authors: Widhiantari I A , Hidayat A F , Setiawati D A
Published: April 2021

Bioplastics are an alternative to conventional plastics that have been used in society. The advantage of bioplastics is that they are easily degraded in nature because they come from easily renewable materials such as starch which comes from plants. However, biodegradable plastics have shortcomings in terms of tensile strength so that additional supporting materials are needed in their manufacture. Optimization using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) central composite design (CCD) in this study aims to obtain optimal mechanical properties (tensile strength). The independent variables used in this study include ZnO concentrations (3%, 6%, and 9%) and glycerol concentrations (2 ml, 5 ml, and 8 ml) as well as mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation in response. The optimum conditions were obtained at a concentration of ZnO 6.99% and glycerol 5.32 ml with a tensile strength value of 1.58456 MPa and 9.082201% elongation.
Peculiar growth of Pseudomonas sp. LS3K with the addition of untreated tannery wastewater
Authors: Fitriyanto N A , Nursyahbani W K , Prasetyo R A , Abidin M Z , Erwanto Y , Kurniawati N
Published: April 2021

The fresh untreated tannery wastewater contains high organic and chemical pollutants. This study aims to determine the growth characters of Pseudomonas sp. LS3K in high polluted medium from fresh untreated tannery wastewater. The growth characterization was observed in the solid medium (containing 0;25;50;75 and 100% sterile tannery wastewater) and liquid medium that contained tannery wastewater at 0;25 and 50%). The growth of Pseudomonas sp. LS3K was determined by observing the colony in the agar medium, the optical density (OD600) of the liquid medium, and the cell viability. The growth of the bacteria Pseudomonas sp. LS3K could not be observed at both agar and liquid medium containing tannery wastewater ≥50%. The growth activity could be observed in the agar medium containing 25% tannery wastewater on the second day incubation time. The growth curve was also observed at a liquid medium containing tannery industrial liquid waste at a concentration of 25% during 36 hours of observation. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the Pseudomonas sp. LS3K had the potency adapted to live and grow at the medium that contaminated up to 25% fresh tannery wastewater. This strain could be a bioremediation agent of tannery wastewater.
Effect of extraction solvent on total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Bulung Sangu (Gracilaria sp.) Seaweed
Authors: Sasadara M M V , Wirawan I G P
Published: April 2021

Bulung sangu (Gracilaria sp.) is commonly consumed as vegetable in Bali. Bulung sangu as other red macroalgae (Rhodophyta) is a source of beneficial nutrient for health. In this study, water and various concentrations (50%, 75% and 100%) of methanol, ethanol, and acetone in water were used as solvent in extraction of bulung sangu. The antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content of crude extract of bulung sangu were investigated using various in vitro assay. The extract obtained by 75% of aqueous methanol produced higher extraction yield (27.390 ± 0.414 %). Highest total phenolic content was obtained by the using 100% of acetone (36.738 ± 1.062 mg galic acid equivalent/g ). The extract obtained by 100% of ethanol showed highest total flavonoid content (45.933 ± 0.563 mg quercetin equivalent/g). The same extract also exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity indicated by lowest half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) (13.603 ± 0.413 µg/ml) evaluated by using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. This IC50 was lower than IC50 of ascorbic acid (18.593 ± 0.135 µg/ml). These results produce the suitable solvent in obtaining optimum phenolic and flavonoid content of bulung sangu. Likewise, the antioxidant activity results indicate that bulung sangu is useful in dietary application with a potential to reduce oxidative stress.
Smart solar powered hydroponics system using internet of things and fuzzy association rule mining
Authors: Wedashwara W , Jatmika A H , AZubaidi  , Arimbawa I W A
Published: April 2021

Hydroponics is an alternative to limited space agriculture by involving electrical energy for irrigating nutrients for plants. Apart from using an AC power source, hydroponics can also use a DC power source which makes it more portable and can be placed in a location far from the PLN(State Electricity Company) electricity source. DC power sources also have the potential to be supplied by renewable energy sources such as solar power directly without AC / DC conversion. However, solar energy sources have a weakness in the influence of the weather. The study proposes the implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) to classify the condition of energy sources in its implementation of solar energy powered hydroponics system. The research involves the development of IoT devices to collect energy data generated by solar cells and stored in batteries and environmental conditions, namely light intensity, temperature, and humidity. The proposed IoT system classifies conditions based on the remaining energy in the battery and current weather conditions using the Fuzzy Association Rule Mining (FARM) algorithm. The system also considers the remaining hours of the day, because at night solar energy cannot be produced. The simulation result shows the developed solar-powered hydroponics system capable to keep supplying energy for 24 hours with three 10wp solar cells and a 7Ah battery for the deep flow technique hydroponics with the 24 pot with 1-meter stand and 20watt water pumps. The IoT system capable to collect data and the proposed regression algorithm FARM is capable to do the regression with low error rates (0.06 mean absolute error and 0.24 mean square error) with three days of data. The FARM also capable to extract environmental data that affect the energy generation and usage with a high average of supports (0.29) and confidence (0.32).
Potential of ashitaba leaf (Angelica keiskei) as a phytobiotic source in feed on cholesterol and blood triglyceride levels of broiler chicken
Authors: Oktaviana D , Windhary G A E , Mashur  , Supriadi  , Kholik
Published: April 2021

Ashitaba leaf is a multi-functional plant because it is rich in vitamins, minerals, amino acids, mineral elements, and many active substances, this herbal plant also contains antioxidants, and has the potential to be a food supplement so that it can increase blood production which is closely related to chicken growth. One source or material that has the potential as a source of probiotics is Ashitaba leaf flour. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of Ashitaba Leaf flour as a psychobiotic source in feed against blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels in broiler chickens.25 day old unsex broiler chickens produced by PT. MalindoTbk maintained for 35 days in individual cages measuring 40 x 40 cm. The treatment begins by adding Ashitaba leaf flour in basal feed with different levels, namely; P0 (0% Ashitaba leaf flour + 98% Basal feed + 2% filler); P1 (0.5% Ashitaba leaf flour + 98% Basal feed + 1.5% filler); P2 (1% Ashitaba leaf flour + 98% Basal feed + 1% filler); P3 (1.5% Ashitaba leaf flour + 98% Basal feed + 0.5% filler) and P4 (2% Ashitaba leaf flour + 98% Basal feed + 0% filler).The design used was a complete randomized block design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance and if there were significant differences it would be further tested by the Duncan Distance Test. The results showed that the administration of Ashitaba Leaf Flour up to 2% level had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on cholesterol and blood triglyceride levels of broiler chickens aged 5 weeks. There tends to be a decrease in the value of cholesterol numbers from P0 to P2.
The trend of hemoglobin levels in nasopharyngeal cancer patients treated with chemotherapy in low human development index region in Indonesia
Authors: Lestarini I A , Kadriyan H , Sulaksana M A , Firdausy M S A P , Harahap I L , Karuniawati T P , Wedayani N
Published: April 2021

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a malignant tumor in the epithelial cell of the nasopharynx. Globally, the incidence was around 80,000 new cases annually or it composed 0.7% of cancer cases in the world. In locally advanced cases, chemotherapy and radiotherapy is a treatment of choice for this cancer. Chemotherapy could be given before the radiotherapy, or simultaneous, or after the radiotherapy. Chemotherapy can affect the hemoglobin levels by inducing a suppressive effect on bone marrow and a toxic effect on erythrocytes. Thus, this study aimed to explore the trend of hemoglobin levels in every cycle of chemotherapy in patients with NPC. This study is a retrospective study with secondary data collection of patients with NPC who received chemotherapy at the West Nusa Tenggara, one of the regions with low human development index (HDI) in Indonesia, during the period 2017-2019. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and repeated measurement ANOVA test to explore the difference of hemoglobin levels during every cycle of chemotherapy. The results showed a trend of decreasing mean hemoglobin levels in six series of chemotherapy, with p-value = 0.06 on repeated measurement test. There was a trend of decreasing mean haemoglobin levels in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer who received chemotherapy in low HDI region in Indonesia.
Comparison of three digestion methods for determination of selenium in green tea samples using fluorescence spectrometry
Authors: Kamali S R , Tsai C H , Chen C N
Published: April 2021

Various digestions are available for the determination of selenium (Se) in environmental samples. This study aimed to investigate the most effective digestion method for the determination of Se in green tea samples that effective, eco-friendly, and low cost. Samples were digested with three different acid compositions, the aqua regia method (a mixture of nitric acid-hydrochloric acids HNO3-HCl) in a ratio 1:3, only nitric acid HNO3, and reverse aqua regia method (a mixture of nitric acid-hydrochloric acids HNO3-HCl) in a ratio 3:1. Analysis of Se was conducted using fluorescence spectrometry after derivation by 2,3-diamino naphthalene (DAN). The results show that the aqua regia method was the highest fluorescence intensity. It had given a significant fluorescence intensity of 9.0510 a.u. for 2 mL sample, 26.3689 a.u. for 5 mL sample, 54.4308 a.u. for 10 mL sample, respectively. In addition, the aqua regia digestion resulted in the selenium form in the sample has been converted to tetravalent selenium, and there was a silicone compound as precipitation can be found after digestion. The aqua regia method provides a highly effective digestion method for selenium in green tea samples under fluorescence spectroscopic investigation.
Observation of heavy metal hazard on processed frozen escolar (Lepidocybium flavobrunneum) fillets
Authors: Sipahutar Y H , Sumiyanto W , Panjaitan P S T , Sitorus R , Panjaitan T F C , Khaerudin and R
Published: April 2021

Heavy metals are one of the most dangerous hazards of food products. This study aims to determine the processing flow of frozen escolar fish fillets by observing the cold chain process. The research methods are carried out by applying cold chain, as well as testing the quality and safety of raw material and final products. The parameters tested were Total Plate Count (TPC), histamine, heavy metal tests, and observation of the application of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) at PT. XYZ, as well as descriptive data analysis and heavy metal monitoring observations. The results showed the quality of raw materials and final products organoleptic values of 8, TPC of 5.5 x103 and 5.5x102, histamine of 2.1 ppm and 2.4 ppm, and heavy metals of raw materials (lead 0.057 mg/kg, cadmium 0.011 mg/kg, mercury 0.037 mg/kg - 0.410 mg/kg). PT. XYZ establishes Critical Control Points (CCP) at the stage of receiving raw materials, metal detecting, and packing and labelling. Supervisor and testing of heavy metal mercury are carried out every three months, lead and cadmium are carried out every six months, on raw materials from each supplier enter the company. Sampling for heavy metal testing was carried out on three size groups, namely size 10-20 kg, size 20-30 kg, and size 30 kg. In conclusion, the organoleptic value, TPC, histamine and heavy metal (mercury, lead and cadmium) were in accordance with the standard. This is the result of the application of the international standard HACCP, which ensures the quality of frozen fish fillet to provide food quality and safety for consumers.
Risk factors and characteristics of laryngeal carcinoma in the developing region of Indonesia
Authors: Kadriyan H , Sulaksana M A , Aryani I G A T , Yudhanto D , Yuliyani E A , Harahap I L , Wedayani A A N
Published: April 2021

In developing regions such as West Nusa Tenggara (WNT), Indonesia, industry, transportation, and lifestyle were also developed synergistically. This development will lead to several consequences such as air pollution, traffic, etc. On the other hand, Laryngeal cancer remains the dominant cancer in the head and neck. It is related to environmental factors such as air pollution as well as a smoking habit. Laryngeal cancer is commonly found in the advanced stage. The study aims to know the factors associated with laryngeal cancer occurrence and the characteristics of the diseases. A retrospective study was conducted through medical records exploration in WNT General Hospital from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2019. All patients in this period will be included as a subject. All risk factors and characteristics of patients were recorded, then analyzed descriptively. Nineteenth patients fulfilled the criteria in the study period. Most of them were male, low socio-economic status, and has a smoking habit. The symptom when the patients seeking medical advice were mainly hoarseness and hoarseness with dyspnea. Predominantly, the patients came in late-stage. Furthermore, the most treatment given was the combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The main histopathology result was undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma.
The effect of tamsulosin and dutasteride combination drug therapy on prostate volume in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Nandana P I , Adipura L R , Rasyid and H
Published: April 2021

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a benign enlargement of the prostatic gland. This study was conducted to measure the improvement of prostate volume after treatment with Tamsulosin and Dutasteride as a combination drug in BPH patient at RSUD Kota Mataram from February 2020 to April 2020. The data were obtained by documenting the medical records of 20 new BPH patients ultrasound before and after 2 months therapy. This study was conducted using a comparative numerical analytical research model. The analysis was carried out by paired T-test in SPSS. A total of 20 medical records observed, the mean age of the study sample was 67.4 years, with the lowest age at 56 years and the oldest were 79 years, and 85% (17) of samples are more than 60 years old. The average prostate volume pre-therapy was 51.71 cc with the lowest volume was 25 cc and the highest volume 118 cc. Average prostate volume post-therapy was 42.38 cc, with the lowest volume was 22 cc and the highest 92 cc. The ratio of prostate volume more than 40 cc at pre-therapy was 50% (10 samples), and after therapy was decreased to 40% (8 samples). There are significant difference in comparison of pre and post-therapy prostate volume.
The comparative analysis of row proportions and the effect on nutrient status maize and soybean intercropping in sandy soil of North Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Astiko W , Ernawati N M L , Silawibawa I P
Published: April 2021

Competition is the main problem of application intercropping cultivation in sandy soil, such as water absorption, nutrients, sunlight, and growing space. Plant density and distribution are the primary roles to consume nutrient supply in the sandy soil during intercropping. The study was aimed at determining the nutritional status of maize and soybean intercropping in the sandy soil areas of North Lombok, Indonesia. The experiment was performed at Akar-Akar village in Bayan district of North Lombok and was designed with Randomized Block Design and five treatments, i.e., P1 (2 rows of maize + 2 rows of soybean), P2 (3 rows of maize + 2 rows of soybean), P3 (3 rows of maize + 3 rows of soybean), P4 (4 rows of maize + 2 rows of soybean), P5 (4 rows of maize + 3 rows of soybean). Each treatment was replicated three times. The variables observed were the nutritional status of the soil (N-total and P availability) and nutrient uptake (N and P). The result shows that intercropping patterns of 3 rows of maize and soybean (P3) with the addition of 15 tons of cattle manure per hectare and the inoculation of AMF can increase the nutritional status of soil in nitrogen and phosphorus absorption of plants’ nutrients. It is recommended for farmers to obtain high yields using an intercropping pattern of three rows of maize and three rows of soybeans. This research recommended that nutrient improvement can be achieved by intercropping three rows of maize and three rows of soybean. Further research is needed on the response to yields of various varieties of maize and soybean intercropped on sandy soil.
Developing porang agribusiness for multiple stakeholder benefits and supporting sustainable development in dryland areas of Lombok
Authors: Sjah T , Halil  , Budastra I , Tanaya I G L P
Published: April 2021

Lombok Island, including its dryland area, has a high potential for developing many kinds of crops, not excluded porang (elephant foot yam). This study describes the development of porang agribusiness in Lombok, its opportunities, and ways to develop forward. This study uses several sources of data and several data collection methods, in a term called triangulation. Primary data were collected through interviews guided by the instrument of unstructured questions listed as topics of investigations. Secondary data collection capitalize on available data from individuals and bodies. Data were analyzed mainly using descriptive statistics and qualitative evaluation. Results of the study evidenced several points. Porang is one of the promising crops to be developed in the dryland of Lombok Island. It grows easily and is adaptable to many agricultural conditions. It has also high demand in several forms of products. The consequences that follow from these are that the development of this crop can benefit not only porang growers, but also others, including traders, workers, or regional economic development as a whole. Above all, given that porang grows better with shades, then it brings implications for conserving nature better than that without porang, to add to the benefits of economic and social. This study recommends developing porang in dryland of Lombok or other regions.
The suitability of seagrass ecological function for the survival of the bivalvia on the East Coast of Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Syukur A , Hidayati B N , Idrus A , Zulkifli L
Published: April 2021

The presence of seagrass in coastal waters has an ecological contribution to marine life’s sustainability, such as bivalves. This study aims to assess the structurer bivalves communities associated with seagrass and the relationship between seagrass communities’ structure and the environment against an abundance of bivalves—the Collected data using transect lines and squares. The data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis. Besides, a regression analysis was carried out between the seagrass community’s structure and its environment with the abundance of bivalves. This study found 40 species of bivalves that include 11 families (Veneroidae, Arcidae, Mytilidae, Cardidae, Pinnadae, Pteriidae, Mactridae, Donacidae, Pectinidae, Tellinidae, and Lucinidae). The next, Anadara antiquata has an abundance of top 1.43 ind/m2, and Atrina vexillum, chlamys luculenta, and Fragum unedo are the lowest of 0.003 ind/ m2. Simultaneously, the analysis results showed that the value of R 2 = 0.42 between the abundance of bivalves with the substrate’s depth. Values are different between seagrass closing with a lot of bivalves, wherein R 2 = 0.80. However, R 2 = 0.36’s value between the abundance of bivalves with a density of seagrass. Of the three parameters, the closure of seagrass is a parameter that can be used to identify the wealth of bivalves’ wealth in the location of the study.
Evaluation of dietary antioxidant intake of school-age children in gold mining area Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Ekawanti A , Priyambodo S , Irawati D , Cholidah R
Published: April 2021

Inorganic mercury from artisanal small-scale gold mining had the potency to be free radicals in the human body. Cellular antioxidants e.g. SOD, glutathione, and other antioxidants had an important role in scavenging these free radicals. Dietary antioxidants provided cellular antioxidants. The objective of this study was to identify the dietary antioxidant intake of school-age children in the ASGM area. This study design was cross-sectional and was conducted in the ASGM area of Sekotong subdistrict. Dietary intake of antioxidants was revealed by using 24-hours food recall. The subjects were school-age children in the ASGM area which fulfilled inclusion criteria, namely resided in Sekotong for more than six months, children did not conduct certain diet such as vegetarian. 71s children were enrolled and were inhabitants in 3 villages in Sekotong. 24-hours food recall analyzed using software nutrisurvey and compared to recommended daily allowance. The mean age of the subjects was 9.7 years old, and 60.6 % was female. Mean intake of dietary antioxidants for vitamin A was 566.86 µg, vitamin E was 0.99 mg, vitamin C was 29.81 mg, Zinc 2.42 mg, Copper 0.94 mg, Mangan 1.57 mg, cysteine 0.385 g, and also dietary fiber 3.19 g. All dietary antioxidants did not meet the Recommended Daily Allowance.
Antioxidant activity of brown macroalgae Sargassum ethanol extract from Lombok coast, Indonesia
Authors: Prasedya E S , Martyasari N W R , Abidin A S , Ilhami B T K , Padmi H , Widyastuti S , Sunarwidhi A L , Sunarpi H
Published: April 2021

The coastal areas of Lombok has very high diversity of macroalgae which are largely unexplored. Among them are the brown macroalgae Sargassum species which are well known for their biological potentials. In this study, we aim to evaluate 4 Sargassum species, S.cristaefolium, S. crassifolium, S. polycystum, and S. aquifolium for their antioxidant potential of Sargassum species found the west coastal Aare of Lombok, Indonesia. To determine the antioxidant capacity of macroalgal extracts, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as well as total phenolic content (TPC) were measured. Extracts of the brown macroalgae are well known to have very active antioxidant activity. Among them S. cristaefolium and S.crassifolium provide stronger antioxidant activity compared to S.aquifolium and S.polycystum. Furthermore, correlations were found between TPC macroalgal and their DPPH scavenging activity. This indicates an important role of polyphenols as antioxidants. Overall, brown macroalgae from Lombok coastal area may be a good source of natural bioactive compounds.
The use of a very small business-scale oven to enhance quality of “ready–to-eat” Beef Jerky
Authors: Handayani B R , Widyastuti S , Kertanegara  , Hidayati A , Werdiningsih W , Rahayu T I
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to enhance the quality of traditional ready-to-eat beef jerky using a very small business scale (VSB) oven “Rob-Han” 12 racks. The experiment was designed in a Completely Randomized Design consisted of 6 roasting treatments using a laboratory oven (15 min.) and using a Rob Han oven at 5 various times (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 min.). The results showed that the use of the oven (Rob-Han) significantly affected the chemical qualities of beef jerky i.e. relative humidity, water activity, water content, and protein content. However, the treatments did not significantly affect the ash content of beef jerky. All of the heating time treatments in the oven (Rob-Han) were able to reduce total microbes 2 log cycles (into less than 1,0x103 CFU/gram). Furthermore, coliform and fungi were undetected on agar media of all treatments, therefore they were safe for consumption. Based on the qualities and shelf-life parameters, the best treatment was the roasting for 20 minutes at 135 °C using the oven (Rob-Han) 12 rack, which resulted in beef jerky with a quality similar to that produced by roasting in the laboratory scale oven Memmert.
Implementation of CITES 1973 in Indonesia: a study of shark fishing in Tanjung Luar East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Nurbani E S , Koynja J J , Pitaloka D , Zunnuraeni  , Octavia D G R
Published: April 2021

This research is based on the issue of sharks being caught by the fishermen at Tanjung Luar, East Lombok. According to an international agreement on the protection of endangered species and Indonesia’s national law, the activity of shark-catching should be limited or even prohibited. Nowadays, sharks as the top predator in the ocean are in the critical condition. Therefore, slow propagation, the limited number of babyshark, and long life cycle, makes them vulnerable against exploitation. This study aims to further investigate on Indonesia’s obligation based on international and national law related to the protection and conservation of sea natural resources, on which shark fishing is the primary case. In principle, this research is normative-legal research. The empirical research onducted by interview and observation are intended to complete the primary data. As the biggest archipelago state, Indonesia is obliged to obey its obligations under international law. The loss or damage of certain species, in this case, the shark in Indonesia will be affecting the global situation. However, the efforts to supervising the shark sale in Tanjung Luar should be the main concern for both local and central government.
In vitro anthelmintic activities of shrub plants extracts for Haemonchus contortus worms
Authors: Hadi R F , Handayanta E , Widyawati S D , Hanifa A , Suprayogi W P S , Sudiyono and
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the anthelmintic activity and effectiveness of shrubs as forage containing tannins as anti-parasites in the digestive tract of small ruminants by in vitro. The types of shrubs used in the study included anting-anting (Acalypha australis linn), bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides), som jawa (Talinum paniculatum), suruhan (Peperomia pellucid L.), and tapak liman (Elephantopus scaber). This study at P0: aquadest (negative control) P1: 10% concentration level of shrubs; P2: 20% concentration level of shrubs, and P3: albendazole 100% (positive control) after 60 minutes of time. The methods of Haemonchus contortus adult worm mortality test were used to investigate the inhibiting effect of in vitro worm mortality from shrub plant extracts. The results of this study on in vitro screening of adult worms, at an increasing concentration, the number of worms that died was significantly more (P <0.05). The highest worm mortality was seen at the concentration level of tapak liman leaf extract (Elephantopus scaber) as much as 20% with a tannin content of 8.89% so that the anthelmintic potential was seen in adult worm mortality. From this study, it can be concluded that the extract of shrubs shows significant anthelmintic activity against the death of adult female Haemonchus contortus worms so that it has the potential to play a role in parasite control in the digestive tract of small ruminants.
Assessment of grouper and snapper fisheries with EAFM approach and sustainable strategy management in Sumbawa-Indonesia
Authors: Hilyana Sitti , Gigentika Soraya , Tezar Rafandi M. , Hernawati
Published: April 2021

The utilization of grouper and snapper resources in Teluk Cempi, Teluk Waworada and the waters of Sape has not been carried out in a sustainable manner, so it is feared that it will interfere with stock availability and the sustainability of grouper and snapper fishery resources. This study aims to assess the status of management and policy strategies for sustainable grouper and snapper fisheries resource management. The data was collected by using a structured interview technique using a questionnaire, Focus Group Discussion, and public consultation. Analysis of the status of grouper and snapper fisheries resources using the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM) indicator. The results showed that the condition of grouper and snapper fisheries management is classified as “Less” with an aggregate score 39.6. Sustainable grouper and snapper fisheries management strategies can be carried out through several efforts, including: regulating the allowable quota and fishing time, arrangement of fishing gear, development of artificial coral reef technology and mangrove rehabilitation controlling water quality, optimizing the use of selective fishing gear, livelihood alternatives, management working groups, development for facilities and infrastructure for fisheries supervisors and strengthen institutions (Pokmaswas), knowledge, attitude and practices assistance to fishing communities and formulation of management plan.
A discharge estimation model using a spatial correlation method in Cipanunjang-Cileunca Reservoir, Bandung District, West Java Province
Authors: Marselina Mariana , Sabar Arwin
Published: April 2021

Cipanunjang-Cileunca reservoir is one of the raw water sources for the Drinking Water Supply System of Bandung City and Bandung District. The total raw water need for both area is 1.66 m3/s. It is known that discharge data estimation is essential for the successful management of the reservoir. This study estimate the future discharge of the Cipanunjang-Cileunca Reservoir using a spatial correlation method, also known as the continuous method. Before the discharge was estimated, the mainstay discharge was first calculated in each reservoir. We found that the mainstay discharge for the raw water in Cipanunjang Reservoir was 0.86 m3/s, while in Cileunca Reservoir was 0.34 m3/s. This study also calculated the sufficient reservoir volume using discharge data from 2000 to 2017, and found that there was a decrease of reservoir volume: from 22 million m3to 18.7 million m3at Cipanunjang Reservoir, and from 11 million m3to 9.5 million m3at Cileunca Reservoir. Discharge estimation using a continuous method showed a correlation between historic discharges, which was 0.87 for Cipanunjang Reservoir and 0.83 for Cileunca Reservoir. This shows that the discharge estimation model using a continuous method, which had a value close to 1, could estimate future discharge.
The potential of in-silico approach to support government programs to achieve eco-friendly agriculture: Studies on urban agriculture
Authors: Kholila Berliana N , Soesilo Tri E B , Herdiansyah Herdis
Published: April 2021

As one of the supporters of sustainable development is an effort to fulfill food needs realized through the agricultural sector. However, the current agricultural system mostly uses chemical pesticides, especially in urban agriculture. This is done as an effort to maintain agricultural production and fulfill food needs in urban areas. Even though food needs are met, food security is not yet fulfilled. In solving this problem, the Indonesian Government has created a program that aims at agricultural development, namely Eco-friendly agriculture. Regarding Law Number 22 the Year 2019 Article 48 Concerning Integrated Pest Management, which provides directions such as counseling on Eco-friendly agriculture. In this case, the bioactivity of organic pesticides or biopesticides is the main factor of agriculture. The study is carried out by the Technical Implementing Unit to conduct trials to obtain suitable organic pesticides. The in-silico approach can be used as one of the primary methods to support Government programs. This approach can be used to simulate drug discovery and to determine its bioactivity by performing molecular docking. This study concludes that the in-silico approach has the potential to support Government programs to realize Eco-friendly agriculture as an initial technical effort of the program.
Building products and materials certification with ecolabel, the influence factor and best development strategy to be applied in Indonesia
Authors: Rais Aristyo R , Suzianti Amalia
Published: April 2021

In recent years, Indonesian people’s awareness of environmentally friendly products has begun to increase. This could be indicated when in 2015 The Ministry of Environment and Forestry of Indonesia launched the SNI Ekolabel, a standard for environmentally friendly products based on the condition of Indonesia. Moreover, in late of 2017, some of the building experts launched Green Label Indonesia, an ecolabel that more focuses on building products and materials. These two standards are intended to bolster the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially number 12. The problem is the number of the products that has been certified is still low. Through this research, it will be seen what factors drive a company to register its products on Ecolabel certification scheme. Where will be examined through a literature review with related themes and formulated models for further analysis with the Structured Equation Model (SEM). Then the SEM results will be used for the strategies selection that is calculated using the TOPSIS and IPA methods. The results of this research could be concluded, the best strategies to increase the company that applies to Eco-label are the strategies that are related to how to get a better profit and company image with Ecolabel.
Techno-economic analysis of a small-scale power-to-green urea plant
Authors: Fernando Calvin , Purwanto Widodo W
Published: April 2021

Power-to-green urea is the concept of urea production using hydrogen from photovoltaic (PV)-electrolysis; a promising option for remote area that do not have natural gas reserves. In this study techno-economic analysis of a small-scaled power-to-green urea plant is conducted with the purpose of obtaining energy efficiency of the system, specific energy consumption, and urea price. Process simulation is carried out by using Aspen Plus and green urea price is calculated using cash flow with 4 schemes. Scheme 1 uses investment cost of technology in 2019, scheme 2 is modification of scheme 1 with additional revenue through clean development mechanisms (CDM), scheme 3 uses investment cost of technology in 2030 and 2050, and scheme 4 is a combination of scheme 2 and 3. The obtained result shows the system efficiency of 7.9% and specific energy consumption of 109 GJ/MT urea. The price of green urea with Scheme 1, 2, 3, and 4 in order are 2342, 2320, 2026 and 1704, as well as 2004 and 1682 USD/MT urea, respectively. Power-to-green urea could not compete economically with conventional large-scale urea; however, due to its stable price and easily acquired raw material it is still highly relevant for remote areas in the future.
Analysis of water pollution using the STORET method in the Upper Citarum Watershed
Authors: Mudjiardjo Atiti S.U. , Moersidik Setyo S. , Darmajanti Linda
Published: April 2021

River water pollution in the Upper Citarum Watershed is increasingly being reported, research shows that the quality of river water has decreased drastically where along the 127 km or 47.1% of the Citarum river has been heavily polluted, it is estimated that every day the Citarum River accommodates 280 tons of waste. There are 31 water quality monitoring stations in the Upper Citarum Watershed: Cisanti Springs, Situ Cisanti, Bd. Wangisagara, Majalaya, Cengkrong, Solokan Jeruk, Sapan, Peundeuy, Komp. Radio, Cisirung, Pataruman, Kamasan, Dayeuh Kolot, Jb. Cilampeni, Cukang Genteng, Sadu, Nanjung, Citarum Kp. Pariang Pojok, Kertajaya, Cb. Bungin Leuwigajah, Cimahi Cihujung, Teras Cikapundung, Sukapada, Cikapundung Asia-Africa, Cinambo, Ciwastra, Jatiroke, Cikuda, Cikijing, Cimanggung, and Sindang Pakuon. Based on data analysis obtained from BBWS Citarum, data from 2011-2019 are obtained. This research aims to determine water quality status using STORET method in the Upper Citarum Watershed as indicator of environment pollution. This research method is quantitative, using the STORET method. The results show that the water quality conditions are heavily polluted, so it is necessary to make various efforts to tackle the pollution that occurs regularly, one of the ways is revitalization.
Scenario for West Papua contribution for NDC from forestry sector
Authors: Hendri  , Karuniasa Mahawan , Prabawardhani Saraswati , Syamsudin Kati , Pradafitri Wednes S
Published: April 2021

West Papua’s tropical forests are one of the mega biodiversity in the Sahul Shelf ecoregion. The increasing economic growth has a déterrent impact on deforestation and forest degradation with the rate increased by 1.29% per year (2010-2018). Meanwhile, economic growth in Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) reached 4.87% per year. This study aims to simulate carbon management from the forestry sector in West Papua into the long-term low-carbon sustainable development. This research uses a dynamic system method through Stock Flow Diagram (SDF) stage and model validation. The results showed that the forestry GRDP and emission based on the CM1 and CM2 scenarios calculated using emission reduction of 69.61% and 91.04% were determined by 0.28 and 0.09 times from BAU. The total GRDP and forestry GRDP decreased by 5.19% (CM1) and 6.59% (CM2) and 71.57% (CM1) and 90.93% (CM2). Under this scenario, West Papua could maintain a forest cover of more than 85%. The study concludes that the results of the BAU scenario predict forest cover of 70% in 2030. Simulations carried out with CM1 and CM2 reduction in emissions show that the achievement of forestry GRDP, total GRDP, and emissions is lower than BAU.
Monitoring agricultural land-use change in Palaran Subdistrict, Samarinda City, East Kalimantan Province in 2006, 2014, and 2020
Authors: Ghotama Dea Y , Damayanti Astrid , Indra Tito L , Dimyati Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Land-use change is a regional development process and one type of land-use that has undergone many land-use changes in agriculture. Palaran Subdistrict, as one of the largest agricultural land in Samarinda City, has experienced an agricultural land conversion over the past 15 years, mainly caused by mining activities and thus led to the agricultural land reduction. This study aims to analyze agricultural land-use changes in 2006, 2014, and 2020 in Palaran Subdistrict, Samarinda City. The method used in this study is a spatial comparison of agricultural land-use in 2006 and 2014; also between 2014 and 2020 using Land Change Modeler tools in Idrisi Selva 17. Land-use obtained from manual digitation based on Landsat 5 imagery in 2006, Landsat 8 imagery in 2014, and Sentinel-2a imagery in 2020. This study’s results indicate agricultural land-use change in the northern part of the Palaran Subdistrict that changed into a settlement. In the middle of the Palaran Subdistrict, that changed into a bare land area.
Monitoring land cover change in Karang Mumus Watershed, Samarinda City in 2006, 2014, and 2020
Authors: Fatimatuzahra  , Indra Tito L , Damayanti Astrid , Dimyati Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Land cover basically can change over time as a result of community needs. Moreover, it impacts environmental degradation, damaging the hydrological function of watersheds, such as an increased critical land. One significant change in land cover occurred in the Karang Mumus watershed. This study aims to analyze land cover changes in the Karang Mumus watershed in 2006, 2014, and 2020. The method used in this study is a spatial comparison of land cover changes in 2006 and 2014, also in 2014 and 2020. This study’s land cover data were obtained from manual digitization where 2006 was obtained from Landsat 5 imagery, 2014 from Landsat 8 imagery, and 2020 is obtained from the Sentinel-2a imagery. This study indicates that most changes occur in the Karang Mumus watershed middle stream into a settlement and bare land.
The impact of fish feed on water quality in Lake Cilala, Bogor Regency, West Java
Authors: Wisnu Rian P , Karuniasa Mahawan , Moersidik Setyo S.
Published: April 2021

Water quality in Lake Cilala has decreased due to fishery activity, which is now overgrowing. In 2016, fish cages were demolished since they caused eutrophication and sedimentation. There has yet a research on the impact of Lake Cilala aquaculture activity on water quality. This research was done to identify water quality in four sampling points, reflecting the fish cages distribution. Some parameters analyzed were temperature, TDS, TSS, pH, BOD, DO, phosphate, and nitrate. Besides that, the impact of fish feeds on water quality has also been analyzed based on conversion. Two water quality parameters exceeded the quality standard; total suspended solids (maximum value of 152 mg/L) and BOD (maximum value of 13.8 mg/L). The nitrogen released from the activity of fish feeding was 6.49 kg. Moreover, fish feces contributed to the nitrogen and phosphorus released by 7.03 kg and 32.82 kg consecutively. Therefore, the total nitrogen released was 13.53 kg. The highest total nitrogen concentration was solids in Lake Cilala sediment, not much-dissolved nitrogen in the water. Hence, aquaculture activity with a high number of cages in Lake Cilala affects the water quality.
Benchmarking UI BlueMetric to ocean monitoring indicator and marine environmental indicator
Authors: Setiani Hastin , Windiatmaja Jauzak H , Sari Riri F
Published: April 2021

This paper reviews some seawater quality evaluation methods such as Ocean Health Index (OHI) and Puget Sound Partnership (PSP). In this paper, we discuss our UI BlueMetric assessment tools which is a new tool proposed as performance indicators of coastal areas in terms of its biodiversity, water quality, waste, and human activity. This paper presents a benchmarking of BlueMetric with two existing marine assessment tools. We compare UI BlueMetric to the OHI and PSP in terms of the assessment of the seawater quality in the coastal area. The coastal area environmental quality has produced a growing body of literature with meta-analyses on methods. The considerations and evaluation systems that influenced its original design are presented. We also discussed the comparison framework. This paper presents the methodology used in different seawater quality evaluation, the intended users, as well as discussing the difference in the goals and missions of the assessment tools. This paper concludes that all of the three evaluation systems have some similarities in their indicators related to seawater evaluation. UI BlueMetric has the least number of parameters so that it is suitable to be applied in early assessment.
Development of an occupational safety and health online database of MSMEs in Pasir Mukti Village, Citeureup District, Bogor Regency, in the era of the industry 4.0
Authors: Afifah Varia N , Tejamaya Mila , Putri Amelia A , Wijaya William , Maulana Akbar , Firdausi Rizka A , Aryani Desvia D , Firdausi Nobella A
Published: April 2021

In Citeureup Sub-district, Bogor, Indonesia, many MSMEs have developed their business around the metal sector. Despite many MSMEs operating in the area, there still a lack of OHS implementation. This study aimed to create an online database regarding business profile, OHS implementation, and health symptoms among workers at surveyed MSMEs. The survey was conducted to the 56 MSMEs located in Pasir Mukti Village, Citeureup District, Bogor Regency, Indonesia. The majority of MSMEs are micro-sized enterprises with 1-4 workers and produce metal products. Only 2% of MSMEs have an OHS commitment that is formally signed by the employer. The most prevalent hazards found in MSMEs were noise (71%), dust exposure (57%), and vibration (45%). Awkward postures and manual handlings are also commonly found in MSMEs. The most prevalent health symptom commonly experienced by workers is the soreness of the musculoskeletal system. There are six primary healthcare facilities located around MSMEs, yet only one facility operates for 24 hours and only 2 out of 6 facilities have an ambulance for emergencies.
Monitoring of earthquake precursors in Yogyakarta
Authors: Yuliatmoko Rahmat S , Ngadmanto Drajat , Perdana Yusuf H , Sunardi Bambang , Rohadi Supriyanto
Published: April 2021

Earthquake precursors continue to be developed by researchers to try to predict earthquakes, one of which is Radon. The monitoring of radon gas in the ground continues to be carried out in Yogyakarta and its surroundings as one of the earthquake mitigation efforts. This study aims to analyze the variation of radon gas and seismic activity as well as the emergence of local earthquake precursors that occurred in Yogyakarta and its surroundings. Radon gas monitoring is carried out in two locations, namely in the Pundong and Piyungan areas. Earthquake activity was recorded from the BMKG earthquake catalog. The radon anomaly study to determine the existence of earthquake precursors was carried out using the correlation method. Radon gas anomalies are determined when there is an increase in the Radon concentration graph. The results show that an increase in radon gas emissions is correlated with an increase in earthquakes’ frequency. The correlation method’s application indicates the presence of radon gas anomalies as a precursor to earthquakes around the Opak Fault. Further research is needed to see the correlation and consistency of radon gas anomalies with earthquake events around the Opak Fault.
Plastic waste management model solution in Ciliwung River Basin
Authors: Nizardo Noverra M , Budianto Emil , Djuwita Ratna
Published: April 2021

The high level of unmanaged plastic waste in Indonesia has resulted in plastic waste polluting rivers and oceans, the Ciliwung River. The ignorance of Jakarta’s people about management and their attention to plastic waste will ultimately worsen the condition of the Ciliwung river. Therefore, the article tries to describe a solution that can minimize plastic waste in the Ciliwung River Basin. Using a descriptive approach and qualitative data derived from literature studies, it was found that increasing public awareness at the local level, especially in communities around riverbanks, could be done to reduce plastic waste from the community. The solution focuses on reducing the amount of plastic waste and monitoring plastic waste management not littered in rivers. Persuasive approaches (outreach and training), provision of facilities, and law enforcement can be strategies to encourage behavior change from the community.