bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cortical Granularity Shapes the Organization of Afferent Paths to the Amygdala and Its Striatal Targets in Nonhuman Primate
Authors: McHale A. C. , Cho Y. T. , Fudge J. L.
Published: December 2021

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) and insula, amygdala, and striatum form interconnected networks that drive motivated behaviors. We previously found a connectional trend in which granularity of the ventromedial and orbital PFC/insula predicted connections to the amygdala, and also the breadth of amygdalo-striatal efferents, including projections beyond the “classic” ventral striatum. To further interrogate connectional relationships among the cortex, amygdala, and striatum, and to further define the “limbic” (amygdala-recipient) striatum, we conducted tract tracing studies in two cohorts of macaques (malen= 14, femalen= 1). We focused on the cortico-amygdalo-striatal (indirect) and cortico-“limbic” striatal (direct) paths originating in the entire PFC and insula. Larger datasets and a quantitative approach revealed “cortical rules” in which cortical granularity predicts the complexity and location of projections to both the basal nucleus of the amygdala and striatum. Remarkably, projections from “cortical-like” basal nucleus to the striatum followed similar patterns. In both “direct” and “indirect” paths to the “limbic” striatum, agranular cortices formed a “foundational,” broad projection, and were joined by inputs from progressively more differentiated cortices. In amygdalo-striatal paths, the ventral basal nucleus was the “foundational” input, with progressively more dorsal basal nucleus regions gradually adding inputs as the “limbic” striatum extended caudally. Together, the “indirect” and “direct” paths followed consistent principles in which cortical granularity dictated the strength and complexity of projections at their targets. Cluster analyses independently confirmed these connectional trends, and also highlighted connectional features that predicted termination in specific subregions of the basal nucleus and “limbic” striatum.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe “limbic” system broadly refers to brain circuits that coordinate emotional responses. Here, we investigate circuits of the amygdala, which are involved in coding the emotional value of external cues, and their influence on the striatum. Regions of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and insula form gradients of overlapping inputs to the amygdala's basal nucleus, which feed forward to the striatum. Direct cortical inputs to these “amygdala-recipient” striatal areas are surprisingly organized according to similar principles but subtly shift from the “classic” ventral striatum to the caudal ventral striatum. Together, these distinct subsystems, cortico-amygdalo-striatal circuits and direct cortico-striatal circuits, provide substantial opportunity for different levels of internal, sensory, and external experiences to be integrated within the striatum, a major motor-behavioral interface.
Mlc1-Expressing Perivascular Astrocytes Promote Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity
Authors: Morales John E. , De Arpan , Miller Alexandra A. , Chen Zhihua , McCarty Joseph H.
Published: December 2021

In the mammalian brain, perivascular astrocytes (PAs) closely juxtapose blood vessels and are postulated to have important roles in the control of vascular physiology, including regulation of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Deciphering specific functions for PAs in BBB biology, however, has been limited by the ability to distinguish these cells from other astrocyte populations. In order to characterize selective roles for PAsin vivo, a new mouse model has been generated in which the endogenous megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts 1 (Mlc1) gene drives expression of Cre fused to a mutated estrogen ligand-binding domain (Mlc1-T2A-CreERT2). This knock-in mouse model, which we term MLCT, allows for selective identification and tracking of PAs in the postnatal brain. We also demonstrate that MLCT-mediated ablation of PAs causes severe defects in BBB integrity, resulting in premature death. PA loss results in aberrant localization of Claudin 5 and -VE-Cadherin in endothelial cell junctions as well as robust microgliosis. Collectively, these data reveal essential functions for Mlc1-expressing PAs in regulating endothelial barrier integrity in mice and indicate that primary defects in astrocytes that cause BBB breakdown may contribute to human neurologic disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTInterlaced among the billions of neurons and glia in the mammalian brain is an elaborate network of blood vessels. Signals from the brain parenchyma control the unique permeability properties of cerebral blood vessels known as the blood–brain barrier (BBB). However, we understand very little about the relative contributions of different neural cell types in the regulation of BBB functions. Here, we show that a specific subpopulation of astrocyte is essential for control of BBB integrity, with ablation of these cells leading to defects in endothelial cell junctions, BBB breakdown, and resulting neurologic deficits.
cGA3 -related differential proteomic analysis of Phalaris arundinacea seeds during dormancy and at its release
Authors: Siriguleng  , Wang Mingjiu , Yang Hengshan
Published: December 2021

Herbage dormancy is a protective mechanism against adverse conditions, including low and irregular emergence rates during seeding. Phalaris arundinacea is an efficient C3 plant, which can be used for feed, fuel, water and soil conservation, and as an indicator plant
for water eutrophication. Previous studies have found that its seeds are dormant, significantly affecting its agricultural use. However, the phytohormone gibberellic acid (GA3) can significantly shorten the dormancy period. GA3-related proteins that influence seed dormancy
in P. arundinacea were investigated with two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Based on the green plant protein NCBI database, 30 proteins showed significantly increased expression after GA3 treatment. Of these, 16 were up-regulated and 14 down-regulated.
Of these, 25 proteins were identified by MALDI-MS-TOF and 20 were functionally identified. The identified proteins were involved in sugar metabolism, protein metabolism, RNA synthesis, fat metabolism, signal transduction, transportation, cytoskeleton, redox reactions and biosynthetic pathways.
We carried out a key analysis of four proteins identified based on the Poaceae pasture proteome. The results indicated that germination induced by GA3 may be related to increased levels of peroxidase promoting glucose 6-phosphate oxidation through the reversible redox reaction of
hydroquinone and quinone, thereby promoting the pentose phosphate pathway and initiating the cessation of dormancy and the start germination.
The Effectiveness of Video-Based Learning Media to Increase Student Economic Learning Outcomes During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cheristiyanto Cheristiyanto
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic provides valuable lessons for the world of education, especially Indonesia's readiness for the learning process. Adjustment of the learning process that was previously in the form of face-to-face to internet-based learning. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using video-based learning media in improving high school students' learning outcomes of Economics. The research method used is a descriptive research method with a survey approach. We collect data in this study, namely observation, interviews, and documentation, which were then analyzed by calculating the percentage of sample answers and tested using various theories. The sample in this study was determined according to the research needs of 119 respondents. This study shows the average respondent's answer is 4, 04 or categorized agree. Thus, based on the analysis conducted, video-based learning media improved student economic learning outcomes in high school during the COVID-19 pandemic. Video-based learning media is a practical learning resource during the covid-19 pandemic that makes it easy for students to understand economic learning materials. during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research also contributes to similar research in the context of developing online learning media during the pandemic and digital era.
Utilization of Interactive Multimedia Android-Based Archiving Towards Learning Independence
Authors: Dirgatama Chairul Huda Atma , Ningharjanti Patni , Indrawati C. Dyah Sulisyaningrum , Wirawan Arif Wahyu
Published: December 2021

This research aims to find out the use of interactive multimedia archiving based on android and its effect on the learning independence of vocational learners. Research is a type of research and development (R & D). Research methods using experiments are pretend experiments (Quaisy experiment). The research was conducted at Vocational High School Surakarta City in April-June 2021. The population in this study is all students of class X Vocational High School Surakarta school year 2020/2021. The sample used was 1 control class and 1 randomly selected experimental class. All treatment will be given to the same control class and experimental class except on the use of interactive multimedia archival based on android. Interactive multimedia android-based archival was successfully applied in the learning of class X OTKP. There is a significant difference in the increase in learning independence between experimental classes that use interactive multimedia android-based archival and control classes that do not use interactive multimedia android-based archival in the archival learning class X OTKP in Vocational High School Surakarta City school year 2020/2021. Interactive multimedia android-based archiving can be used as one of the alternative learning media that can be used to increase the independence of learning learners.
The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education, Personality, and the Role of Parents Through Self Efficacy on Interest in Entrepreneurship
Authors: Pertiwi Ulfa Reza , Khafid Muhammad
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of entrepreneurship education, personality, and the role of parents through self efficacy towards the interest in entrepreneurship. The population in this study were all students of class XI of SMK PGRI Blora 2017/2018 academic year totaling 127 students. This study used a saturated sample technique using the population as a study sample. Methods of collecting data used a questionnaire. The data analysis method used descriptive statistical analysis and path analysis. The results showed that (1) Entrepreneurship education, personality, self-efficacy had a positive and significant effect on the interest in entrepreneurship, but not with the role of parents who did not positively and significantly affect the interest in entrepreneurship (2) Entrepreneurship education, personality, and parental roles had a positive and significant effect on self efficacy (3) Self efficacy positively and significantly mediated entrepreneurship education, personality, and the role of parents in the interest in entrepreneurship.
The Effect of Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity and Job Stress on Employee Performance
Authors: Purnomo Kristanto Setio Hari , Lustono Lustono , Tatik Yuliana
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of role conflict, role ambiguity and job stress partially and simultaneously on performance. This research was a quantitative, and data used in this study were primary data with a questionnaire technique. The population in this research are all employees of Baperlitbang Banjarnegara regency, amounting to 51 people. The sampling technique in this research was saturated sampling technique. This study used data analysis in the form of multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS software. The results of this study indicated that role conflict partially had no effect on performance. Partial role ambiguity had a positive and significant effect on performance. Job stress had a negative and significant effect on performance. Meanwhile, role conflict, role ambiguity and job stress simultaneously had a positive effect on performance. Result the coefficient of determination in this study of 36.9% means that performance of Baperlitbang Banjarnegara employees was influenced by role conflict, role ambiuigity and job stress and the rest was influenced by other variables outside the study.
The Effectiveness of Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) and Cooperative-Discussion-Question (Coop-Dis-Q) in Teaching Reading Comprehension
Authors: Walidaini Lulu , Mujiyanto Januarius , Warsono Warsono
Published: December 2021

This study aims to measure the effectiveness of collaborative strategic reading (CSR) and cooperative-discussion-question (Coop-Dis-Q) strategies in teaching reading comprehension students with impulsive and reflective cognitive learning styles. To improve students' reading comprehension skills, the researcher wants to study both strategies. This research used 2x2 factorial experimental designs. The subjects were XI MIPA 1 and XI MIPA 4 classes of SMAN 1 Pangkah, Tegal Regency. They were divided into two groups, and categorized impulsive and reflective students. The instruments used were test, pre-test, post-test, and questionnaires. This research indicated that collaborative strategic reading (CSR) was more effective than cooperative-discussion-question (Coop-Dis-Q) to students with impulsive cognitive learning styles. Simultaneously, there was no significant difference between the students who were taught by using collaborative strategic reading (CSR) and those taught by cooperative-discussion-question (Coop-Dis-Q) with reflective cognitive learning style. It meant that CSR was more effective for the students with impulsive cognitive learning styles, while Coop-Dis-Q was effective for the students with reflective cognitive learning styles. Based on the findings, the researchers concludes that CSR and Coop-Dis-Q appeared to improve the students' reading comprehension skills for both impulsive and reflective students.
Gender Representation on Pictures, Dialogues and Reading Texts in â€œBahasa Inggris Untuk Kelas X SMA/Maâ€.
Authors: Murrikaningrum Devi Arini , Mujiyanto Januarius , Saleh Mursid
Published: December 2021

This study focuses on gender representation of the picture, dialogue, and reading texts in a textbook â€“ Bahasa Inggria Untuk Kelas X SMA/MA. For Grade X Senior High School. It used a descriptive qualitative approach, and its objective was both to investigate gender representation in the pictures, dialogue, and reading text and, the representation between them. The study revealed that male domination was found in the picture, dialogues and, reading text as seen from gender visibility, gender-specific nouns, gender-stereotypes. Only, in the dialogues gender stereotype was dominated by female. The relation between picture, reading text and, dialogues, have similarity was dominated by a male, as seen from gender-neutral and gender-specific nouns. Although gender stereotypes and gender visibility in the dialogue were dominated by a female. Gender visibility, gender stereotype, gender-neutral and gender-specific noun between reading texts and pictures, have similarity was dominated by male. The representation between reading text and pictures support each other because they are mutually sustainable. Gender visibility and gender stereotype in the reading text and dialogue have unequal dominated. Gender visibility in the reading text is dominated by a male, while gender visibility in the dialogue is dominated by a female.
The Correlation of Positive Reinforcement, Self-Confidence, and Speaking Performance of English Young Learners
Authors: Samodra Opini Ala , Faridi Abdurrachman
Published: December 2021

Most teachers may face challenges to teach the students without studentsâ€™ native language to teach a foreign language. The students may get bored easily and not motivated because they have to listen to more new strange words in every meeting that they do not directly understand the words means. Thus, it needs some strategies to get the better result. Students who like doing things happily need a more relaxing learning situation to join the English classes comfortably. The study aimed to investigate the correlation of verbal, gestural, token reinforcement, speaking performance, and self-confidence. The research method used was a quantitative study with multiple linear regressions. Students of the fifth grade of SD N 1 Wates Undaan Kudus as the population took part in the positive reinforcement, self-confidence, and speaking performance test in teaching English. The data were analyzed through a statistical program of SPSS 22. Thus, there was a correlation between positive reinforcement, speaking performance, and self-confidence. The conclusion is that all positive reinforcement correlates with speaking performance and self-confidence. It means that the positive reinforcement influenced their speaking performance and their self-confidence. It is suggested that the teacher should raise their awareness to motivate studentsâ€™ speaking skills for better achievement. Besides, teachersâ€™ performance in the classroom activity deals with classroom management, encourages the students to always joyful in learning English materials, provides exercise and group discussion according to their circumstance, and performs various teaching that involves the learnerâ€™s role in the classroom activity.
The Comparison of Lexical Collocations in English Textbooks Used in Indonesia
Authors: Ifadloh Nur , Warsono Warsono , Faridi Abdurrahman
Published: December 2021

Teaching collocations becomes very important for ESL/EFL students to achieve language fluency since the students spend a great amount of time interacting with their textbooks. This study aims to investigate the comparison of lexical collocations used in two textbooks used regularly in senior high school level in Semarang namely Aim High Student’s Book 1 and Bahasa Inggris Kelas X. This study applied descriptive qualitative method. The documentary method was used in collecting the data. The data were analyzed based on collocation theories proposed by Benson, et al. (1997) and Lea (2002). The result showed that there were three similarities found regarding the lexical collocation occurrence in all parts of the textbooks, the highest frequency of the lexical collocations occurrence in the exercise part of the textbooks, and the highest frequency of the types of lexical collocations in the textbooks. Meanwhile, there are three differences found regarding the number of lexical collocation frequency in each textbook, the order in using lexical collocations from the highest to the lowest frequency, and the way the authors of the textbooks in introducing and teaching lexical collocations to the students. Furthermore, it was also found that Bahasa Inggris Kelas X produced some inaccurate lexical collocations.
The Effectiveness of Listen-Read-Discuss and Contextual Redefinition Strategies in Teaching Reading Comprehension to EFL Learners with Different Levels of Motivation
Authors: Aulia Rohman Isa , Suwandi Suwandi
Published: December 2021

This study aims to analyze how effective the listen-read-discuss (LRD) strategy and contextual redefinition (CR) strategy in teaching reading comprehension to EFL learners with different motivation levels. This paper explained the result of experimental research on reading comprehension skills to students with high and low motivations at SMP Islam Nudia Semarang. This study used a 2x2 factorial design in the experimental study. It was used to collect the data from 40 students divided into two groups; they were experimental group 1 and experimental group 2. They were treated with different strategies: LRD and CR strategies. Test and questionnaire were used to collect the data in this study. The data was analyzed using ANOVA to prove the hypotheses. The result showed a significant difference between LRD and CR strategies to teach reading comprehension to students with high and low motivations. The Contextual Redefinition (CR) strategy effectively teaches reading comprehension to high and low motivation levels than the Listen-Read-Discuss (LRD) strategy. Based on ANOVA analysis, there were no interaction among the LRD and CR strategies, students' motivation, and teaching reading comprehension.
The Use of Non-Verbal Communication in Supporting the Realization of Brown & Levinson Politeness Strategies
Authors: Nurmalasari Inne , Mujiyanto Januarius , Joko Yulianto Henrikus
Published: December 2021

One of the prominent issues in pragmatics is politeness. Politeness can manifest in two actions, verbal and non-verbal communication. This study aimed to analyze the lecturer's and the students' non-verbal communication (NVC) in supporting the realization of Brown & Levinson's politeness strategies in English classroom interaction at Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo. This study explains the lecturer’s and students’ NVC in supporting the realization of bald on record strategy, positive politeness strategy, negative politeness strategy, off-record strategy, and don’t do the face-threatening act (FTA) strategy in English classroom interaction. In this study, the researchers applied qualitative research. The subjects were one English lecturer and students. The objects were the lecturer's and the students' utterances during the English learning process. The methods the researchers used to analyze the data were Brown & Levinson's (1987) politeness strategies theory and Novinger's (2001) NVC theory. The findings showed that politeness strategies were used by the lecturer and students with the total frequency of 559 times, namely bald on record, positive politeness (dominantly used), negative politeness, off-record, and don’t do the FTA (the least used). Besides, in supporting the realization of politeness strategy, the dominantly used methods of NVC were chronemics, kinesics, and vocalic. In conclusion, politeness strategies are crucial in maintaining the relationship and creating a comfortable environment in the EFL classroom. NVC can support performance that cannot be expressed in words.
CASTRACIÓN QUÍMICA: ¿UNA HERRAMIENTA DE GESTIÓN DEL RIESGO DE LA DELINCUENCIA SEXUAL?
Authors: Moya Fuentes María del Mar , Carrasco Andrino María del Mar
Published: December 2021

Diversos países han incluido en sus legislaciones el uso de tratamientos farmacológicos -consistentes principalmente en el suministro de anti andrógenos- para controlar el riesgo de reiteración delictiva en los delitos sexuales. En el presente trabajo, tras examinar en qué consiste esta polémica intervención médica y los efectos que de la misma se derivan, se aborda su tratamiento jurídico en el Derecho comparado, así como las posibles vías de aplicación en nuestro vigente orden penal, valorando la propuesta de regulación recogida en el Anteproyecto de Ley Orgánica integral de la libertad sexual.
IDENTIDAD E IDEOLOGÍA EN CATALUÑA. COMPONENTE DE VOTO A LOS PRINCIPALES PARTIDOS CATALANES.
Authors: López Díaz Iván
Published: December 2021

La ideología ha sido uno de los elementos más importantes para explicar el comportamiento del voto hacia los partidos. En Cataluña, durante los últimos años, se ha vivido un nuevo proceso caracterizado por el auge del nacionalismo catalán con diversos partidos políticos que posicionan a la identidad como un elemento que también explica voto hacia los partidos en contextos específicos. El estudio explica la evolución que ha tenido la ideología y la identidad en los componentes de voto a los principales partidos políticos catalanes durante los años 2010 a 2015, comparando las elecciones autonómicas de estos años. La metodología utilizada es la cuantitativa basada en el trabajo con diversas bases de datos para poder llegar a la conclusión de que en el 2015 la identidad presenta una mayor importancia que la ideología en los comicios catalanes.
ÁMBITOS DE MEJORA PARA LA CULTURA DE DEFENSA Y SU COMUNICACIÓN POLÍTICA EN ESPAÑA
Authors: López Rodríguez Alfonso A. , González-Quinzán Serafín
Published: December 2021

La cultura de Defensa, como política de comunicación, disfruta de un dilatado recorrido. Durante esa etapa ha tenido que afrontar un conjunto de elementos de tipo cultural y estructural que han inhibido una difusión más amplia y más profunda de sus mensajes. De este modo, también, impidiendo una normalización de las políticas de defensa como issues objeto de la opinión pública y la agenda mediática. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar los condicionantes principales y determinar las áreas de mejora que permitan un incremento de la eficacia de las políticas de comunicación en el ámbito de la defensa.
CREACIÓN DE DESINFORMACIÓN Y SISTEMA POLÍTICO DURANTE LA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19.
Authors: Pont Vidal Josep Vidal
Published: December 2021

La creación de desinformación por medio de comunicaciones deformadas, fake news, o instrumentalmente creadas, ha respondido a intereses políticos de los grupos políticos en el poder, lobbys económicos y mediáticos de los mass media. Se analizan a partir de la óptica de sistemas autorreferenciales y en un plano estrictamente conceptual, las comunicaciones y las informaciones y sus límites comunicativos. Se propone el esbozo de la idea de comunicación estratégicamente distorsionada impulsada por los movimientos sociopolíticos radicales como un tipo de sistema autorreferencial con su propio entorno.
Follow-Up Study of Electrocardiographic Indices in 252 Children with Ventricular Septal Defect after Minimally Invasive Transthoracic Closure
Authors: Sun Yanan , Gao Minglei , Wen Ping
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive transthoracic closure (MITC) in treating ventricular septal defect (VSD).
Methods: A total of 252 children with VSD were investigated between August 2013 and March 2015. Their electrocardiographic indices were monitored at different time points (before surgery [T0], immediately after surgery [T1], and 3 days/7 days/1 month/3 months/6 months after surgery [T2–6]) and followed up every year. Related adverse events also were recorded.
Results: All children with VSD successfully underwent MITC. The average follow-up time was 5 years, during which no changes in the heart rate or corrected QT interval were found. The PR and QRS intervals were prolonged in the early postoperative period (T3); the SV1+RV5 amplitude decreased significantly at T6, and the left axis deviation significantly recovered at T6 (P < 0.05). A total of 32 patients developed arrhythmia within 3 days after surgery; however, no severe arrhythmia, including ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, second-and third-degree atrioventricular block, complete left or right bundle branch block, and delayed arrhythmia, occurred during the follow-up period. Binary multivariate logistic regression revealed that the longer the surgery time and the larger the VSD diameter, the higher the risk of arrhythmia.
Conclusions: The incidence of long-term arrhythmia after MITC is low, and the outcomes are good.
Intergenerational Transmission of Inequality in Psychological Health
Authors: Sharma Shauryaa , Prakash Anand
Published: December 2021

Intergenerational transmission explains the continuity in behavior and personality of individuals across generations due to genetic as well as non-genetic causes. Both determinants affect individuals and increase their susceptibility to develop psychological health problems similar to the ones experienced by their parents. Psychological health of offsprings is impacted by their parents’ mental illness which causing children to be unable to adequately and positively contribute to their children’s healthy development. Extensive literature review depicts intergenerational transmission of various psychological conditions ranging from PTSD, depression, anxiety, conduct issues or even schizophrenia, among many others. Proposed models offering explanation of Intergenerational Transmission point towards social learning theories, attachment theories, psychodynamic theories and Integrative theories which mentions an overlap between genetic and environmental factors to explain the transmission. Intervention strategies of early detection and intervention, working with the affected parents and including family in therapy have been discussed. Working on the parent-child relationship, building resilience, promoting building up of protective factors is also mentioned as intervention techniques. Finally, some limitations and directions of future researches have been proposed.
On the Intergenerational Transmission of Health Inequality
Authors: Will Donne , Wang Fuzhou
Published: December 2021

Cumulating evidence from social science has indicated the intergenerational transmission of inequality is majorly derived from the economic imbalance. In line with this, the same thing happens in health, and emerging evidence has been documenting its transmissible property. No matter the genetic or non-genetic causes, health inequality inevitably plays its role in contributing to the underlying health-associated despoliation in life. Each individual shows an eventual health state where equality and inequality reach a time-dependent temporary condition in which the balancing point fluctuates back and forth. To promote the overall health status, it is crucial to promote and optimize the positive health characteristics to get equilibrium between positive and negative. This review discussed the underlying mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of health inequality by focusing on different types of contributors to the inequality and providing prospective insights into the potentially beneficial strategies that can optimize overall individual health.
At the Crossroads of Memory and Imagination: a Poetic Image of a Window at Night in Samuel Beckett’s "A Piece of Monologue"
Authors: Antropova Svetlana
Published: December 2021

The pivotal objective of this research is to analyse a poetic image of an imaginary window at night as well as a “ghost” room in Samuel Beckett’s play A Piece of Monologue through the binary lens of Gaston Bachelard’s The Poetics of Space, and Beckett’s biography. An absent onstage window, being part of an imagined reality created by the Speaker, becomes the nexus of this short play, and is discussed in relation to its locus, the writer’s memory, and material imagination. Tightly linked to Beckett’s life, childhood home and the instance of his birth, this image becomes a multi-layered construct, which gains a life of its own in the play and represents the universal themes of birth, death, loss of loved ones and mourning.
La burocracia absurdamente perfecta
Authors: Chaves González Julián
Published: December 2021

Este artículo estudia la obra narrativa de Franz Kafka a partir de la sociología de Max Weber y su análisis de la burocracia. Para ello, se propone la hipótesis de que Kafka reproduce el modelo ideal de la burocracia weberiana excepto en sus protagonistas, quienes se enfrentan a los fallos y a los absurdos de este modelo en un ambiente de extrema racionalidad. La conclusión del trabajo es que esa tensión entre un individuo para quien la burocracia funciona de manera absurda y un contexto donde la burocracia funciona perfectamente nos ofrece la esencia de lo kafkiano, donde el error es eficaz y lo absurdo, racional.
Las amantes de Francisco Umbral
Authors: Uni Fabienne
Published: December 2021

Además del aspecto provocativo de sus obras, la vida personal de Francisco Umbral siempre dio que hablar por fanfarronear de amantes. Una de ellas, la poeta Blanca Andreu, pasó a ser protagonistas de unas de sus novelas más sonadas de la Transición: Los amores diurnos, La bestia rosa, Los ángeles custodios y A la sombra de las muchachas rojas. Sin embargo, la novela autobiográfica de Vicente Molina-Foix y Luis Cremades, El invitado amargo (2014), contrastada con un sinfín de detalles sacados de dichas obras me ha permitido descubrir a otra amante aunque, por discreta, no menos relevante.
En primera persona (del plural): Carrère, Flaubert y la escritura sagrada
Authors: González Fernández Francisco
Published: December 2021

Con L’Adversaire, Emmanuel Carrère da un giro radical a su obra; al tiempo que abandona el género novelesco, renuncia al estilo impersonal flaubertiano. Mediante ficciones controladas y valiéndose de un «yo de método», logra llevar en Le Royaume la literatura inquisitiva a su máxima expresión. Esta indagación sobre los orígenes del cristianismo es también un retrato ficticio pero plausible de Lucas el evangelista como escritor y en consecuencia un estudio narrativo. Carrère se interroga acerca del extraño «nosotros» de los Hechos de los Apóstoles vinculado indirectamente con el famoso «nosotros» de Madame Bovary. Del análisis de estas tres obras se desprende que la impronta de Gustave Flaubert ha seguido siendo profunda y que Carrère comparte con él una concepción de la literatura donde se mezclan lo sacro y lo profano.
Polarización, preferencias partidistas y voto estratégico en España (2015-2019): una aproximación al voto estratégico en el espectro de la izquierda
Authors: Martín Merchán Javier
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo examina el efecto de la polarización sobre la propensión de emitir un voto estratégico por parte del segmento del electorado que tiene a un partido «no viable» como primera opción de voto. Para ello, nos centramos en el caso español y en el espectro izquierdista, utilizando las encuestas preelectorales del CIS para las elecciones generales de 2015, 2016 y 2019 (28A y 10N). Se concluye que la polarización entre los partidos «viables» (PP y PSOE) aumenta las probabilidades de que los simpatizantes de Unidas Podemos y Más País (partidos «no viables») emitan un voto estratégico en favor del PSOE, pues también se intensifica la afinidad que siente el votante izquierdista por su partido favorito de entre los viables (PSOE) y se diluye la distancia que existe entre la afinidad que siente por UP/MP y la que siente por el PSOE. Esto es, la polarización en España aumenta las probabilidades de votar tácticamente por el PSOE porque altera las preferencias partidistas del electorado izquierdista.
The global seismic activity influence on process in atmosphere and ionosphere
Authors:   V.N. Karazin National University of Kharkiv, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Zakharov I.G. , Chernogor L.F. ,   V.N. Karazin National University of Kharkiv, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2021

In recent decades, ideas about earthquakes (EQ) have been formed as a final stage of a planetary continuous self-organizing tectonic process with periods of accumulation and relaxation of tectonic stresses. However, the scientific literature still presents studies of the response of atmospheric and ionospheric processes to individual strong EQs. In this paper, for the first time, the relationship between processes in the lithosphere, troposphere, and ionosphere is considered, taking into account new ideas about the seismic process as a global phenomenon and on the background of processes caused by space weather. Both planetary data (EQ, total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere) and data (atmospheric pressure, critical frequency of the F2 layer of the ionosphere) of widely spaced observation points in the western and eastern hemispheres were used. To increase the reliability of statistical results, 4 independent databases of daily data for 2007–2015 were used. Stable effects of global seismic activity (GSA) in the considered parameters are established. Thus, the critical frequency of the F2 region with a sharp increase in the GSA increases by 0.4–0.5 MHz. This effect is quite stable and manifests itself almost simultaneously at ionospheric stations of the eastern and western hemispheres, as well as in planetary TEC values. At the same time, in the ionospheric variations, as before, the influence of both the troposphere (especially at a low level of solar activity) and space weather is traced, the characteristics of which in 75 % of cases also show an association with GSA. Therefore, space weather often but not always can act as a trigger on the EQs. In general, in the western hemisphere, the minimum atmospheric pressure occurs earlier than in the eastern, which leads to a noticeable increase in the pressure difference between the hemispheres by 10 mm. Hg., that indicates the relationship between global seismicity and global atmospheric circulation. The established GSA effects, as a rule, have the character of not a local short-term burst, but a jump followed by a gradual decrease (increase) of the index until the next active period (saw-toothed curve), i.e., the influence of the lithosphere on the overlying layers is continuous and is cyclical in nature, probably due to the cyclical nature of tectonic processes. Most likely, several different couplings between geospheres are realized at the same time, partially synchronized by changes in space weather, which requires new physical mechanisms to explain them.
Feed-forward control of total retrieval of the space tether from vertical position
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine, Alpatov A.P. , Wang C. ,   Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, P. R. China, Zakrzhevskii A.E. ,   S.P. Timoshenko Institute of Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the results of studies of the feasibility of total and safe retrieval of a space tether of two bodies connected by an elastic, massless cable. The purpose of the research is to build up the control for the mode of the total and safe retrieval of the tether, which is one of the basic modes of its functioning. It allowed the development of the feed-forward control of the tether length or tension that provides demanded change of the angular momentum of the tether under the effect of the gravitational torque. The novelty of the research results consists also in the novel approach to the control of underactuated mechanical systems, which have the number of the control channels less than their degrees of freedom. Here the constraints on the tether angular motion relative to the pitch axis are introduced. They reduce the number of the system degrees of freedom and allow realizing the necessary mode of motion. For this control, only the remaining degree of freedom is used. The numerical simulation of the effect of the mode parameters on the tether motion is carried out for the tether in the chosen ranges of the parameters. The numerical example demonstrates the simplicity of the application of the method in practice. Plots illustrate the analysis of the results.
Regarding the choice of composite indicators of ecological safety of water in the basin of the Siversky Donets
Authors: Bezsonnyi Vitalii L. , Ponomarenko Roman V. , Tretyakov Oleg V. , Asotsky Vitalii V. , Kalynovskyi Andrii Y.
Published: December 2021

The lack of effective mechanisms of the methods of basin management, control of and responsibility for the ecological state of surface sources of drinking water leads to the fact that the main man-made objects that determine the ecological state of surface water sources are most often located in one oblast, while the production and consumption of the drinking water from those sources occur in the territory of other oblasts, which complicates the effective management of environmental safety of surface water sources. This is especially true for the regions of Ukraine which are poor in surface water resources, located in the basin of the Siversky Donets River, the water bodies of which are the main sources of water supply in the eastern regions of the country. The main consumer of water is Donetsk Oblast (over 50 % of the annual volume), and Kharkiv and Luhansk Oblasts together consume approximately the same volume of water per year (up to 50 % of the annual volume). Therefore, it is important to substantiate the integrated indicators of the ecological status of the water body to improve the environmental safety of surface water sources. The paper shows that oxygen indicators play an important role in the ecology of a water body. They are associated with the assimilative ability of water, the ability of water to decompose organic matter. Therefore, the content of dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen consumption in water is of great interest not only in terms of life development, but also as a composite measure of the ecological status of the aquatic environment. The relationship between the value of the combined index of water pollution and the value of biochemical oxygen consumption makes the indicator of biochemical oxygen consumption important for the integrated assessment of water contamination with various organic substances. For the tasks for which we justify the choice of composite measures of the ecological condition of surface waters, it is more important to identify the effects of contamination not directly at the site of contamination, but at some distance from it and after some time. Therefore, the use of the amount of dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen consumption as indicators that characterize the oxidation of pollutants present in water is the most appropriate for the tasks of timely monitoring of water bodies. Therefore, as a composite indicator for characterizing the condition of the watercourse and conducting timely monitoring, we chose oxygen indicators.
Malta’s tourism potential
Authors: Hrushka Viktor V. , Horozhankina Nataliya A. , Girman Alla P. , Shulyak Serhii V. , Shcholokova G. V.
Published: December 2021

Methods of estimation of tourist and recreational resources are traced; the analysis of natural tourist and recreational resources of the Republic of Malta is carried out; the analysis of historical and cultural tourist and recreational resources of the country is carried out; a point assessment of the country’s provision of tourist and recreational resources; the place of the Republic of Malta on the tourist market of Ukraine is revealed. The Republic of Malta is one of the few countries in the world with such a large and diverse historical and cultural site. The lands of the country have experienced centuries of historical events, after which there are memories in the form of cathedrals, palaces, museums, fortifications, etc. Malta has been established as a country with an ancient history. It has a large number of unique cultural monuments, as there were Carthaginians and Phoenicians, Roman and Byzantine empires, Arabs, knights of the Order of St. John, Napoleon, the British Empire. The country’s historical and cultural tourist resources make it interesting for tourists to visit. Malta has a great historical past, which has left a great legacy in the form of ancient fortresses, churches, cathedrals, majestic palaces. The UNESCO World Heritage Site is no exception for the country; there are 3 of them in the list. There are 7 sites in the country that are also currently candidates for inclusion in the World Heritage List. The country is rich in fortifications; there are 35 units in the country, which are of particular interest for tourists. Most of the fortifications were built during the Order of Malta to fortify the country from invaders. The natural conditions of Malta, which are the basis for tourism development, are analyzed. Methods for estimating the tourist potential of the country have been studied, in particular: normative-index, balance, graphic, cartographic, expert, statistical and mathematical methods, scoring. Integrated indicators for each region of Malta were determined using a score. Three categories of regions have been identified according to the assessment of the tourist potential of the territory.
Geospatial Technology for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along the Vathalmalai Ghat road section, South India
Authors: Kavitha G. , Anbazhagan S. , Mani S.
Published: December 2021

Landslides are among the most prevalent and harmful hazards. Assessment of landslide susceptibility zonation is an important task in reducing the losses of lifeand properties. The present study aims to demarcate the landslide prone areas along the Vathalmalai Ghat road section (VGR) using remote sensing and GIS techniques. In the first step, the landslide causative factors such as geology, geomorphology, slope, slope aspect, land use / land cover, drainage density, lineament density, road buffer and relative relief were assessed. All the factors were assigned to rank and weight based on the slope stability of the landslide susceptibility zones. Then the thematic maps were integrated using ArcGIS tool and landslide susceptibility zonation was obtained and classified into five categories ; very low, low, moderate, high and very high. The landslide susceptibility map is validated with R-index and landslide inventory data collected from the field using GPS measurement. The distribution of susceptibility zones is ; 16.5% located in very low, 28.70% in low, 24.70% in moderate, 19.90% in high and 10.20% in very high zones. The R-index indicated that about 64% landslide occurences correlated with high to very high landslide susceptiblity zones. The model validation indicated that the method adopted in this study is suitable for landslide disaster mapping and planning.
Petrogenetic peculiarities of Fe-Ti oxide minerals in the processes of crystallization and evolution of late Cretaceous volcanic complexes of the Lesser Caucasus
Authors: Mammadov Musa Nasib ogly , Babayeva Gultekin Javad gizi
Published: December 2021

Drawing from the determined differences between iron-titanium oxide minerals, we analyzed the conditions of crystallization and evolution of late-Cretaceous magmatic complexes of the Lesser Caucasus. It was found that the rocks of basalt-andesibasalt complex, which correspond to the early substage (upper Coniacian-lower Santonian) of late-Cretaceous volcanism in the Qazakh, Agjakand, Agdara depressions, have crystallized in the conditions of relatively highly- thermobaric crystallization of titanomagnetite, poorly differentiated and evolutionized according to the Fenner trend. In the second substage of volcanism, due to decrease in permeability of the Earth’s crust, the elevation of the remaining magma to the upper horizons was hindered. Therefore, within the Qazakh depression, shallow intermediate sites of crystallization developed where moderately titaniferous magnetite crystallized with the participation of oxidized fluids earlier than hornblende, pyroxene and plagioclase. Thus, the remaining magma evolutionized its composition through Bowen’s reaction series. In the Agjakand and Agdara depressions, change of previous expansion to compaction was the cause of hindering of partly fractioned portion of the magma. The latter thermally interacted with the above-embedded maghemite, hematite and in a number of cases magnetite. In the Khojavand depression, rocks of trachibasalt- trachiodolerite complex, which characterize the late substage of the Santonian volcanism, contain moderately titanium magnetites and maghemites. In the second substage of volcano-plutonism, rocks of tephrite-teshenite complex developed. There, accompanied by oxidized fluids, highly-clayey titanomagnetite crystallized before chrome-diopside and salite. However, the ulvospinel titanomagnetite in teshenites, having associated with barkevikite and kaersutite, crystallized at a relatively higher temperature. Within the Senonian volcanites of the Azykh depression, along with the moderately-titanium magnetite, chromic titanomagnetite and rarely chromite was determined. Similar mineralogical diversities are also characteristic for the Gochas depression.