bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract PR005: Patients with endometrial cancer and benign gynecologic conditions exhibit unique vaginal and rectal microbiomes
Authors: Jimenez Nicole R. , Herman Chloe , Laniewski Pawel , Cope Emily K. , Mourad Jamal , Mahnert Nichole , Chase Dana M. , Caporaso J. G. , Herbst-Kralovetz Melissa M.
Published: March 2024

Endometrial cancer (EC) rates are increasing in the United States, with 66,200 women diagnosed this year. The microbiome may be a key target for understanding EC etiology and progression and hold vital information for prevention strategies. With the largest cross-sectional cohort to date, a rich set of patient-related meta-data, and samples from multiple mucosal sites, we explored the gut-vagina axis in EC compared to benign gynecologic conditions. Vaginal and rectal swabs were collected from 192 patients diagnosed with benign conditions (n=108), hyperplasia (n= 18), and EC (n= 66). 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was conducted on DNA samples, and data analysis was performed with QIIME 2 and R software. The clinical and demographic analysis identified risk factors associated with EC, such as BMI and menopausal status, that differed between disease groups. Global microbial analyses identified a distinct microbial composition between benign and EC, as well as higher diversity in rectal samples and lower diversity in vaginal samples in benign patients compared to cancer patients. Differential abundance analysis, even after adjustment for known risk factors, revealed unique microbial features such as depletion of Lactobacillus and increase of Anaerococcus, Porphyromonas, and Peptoniphilus in vaginal samples when EC is compared to benign conditions. While Rectal samples indicated a depletion of Peptoniphilus and Prevotella and an increase in Buttiaxella in EC compared to benign conditions. Additionally, community networks were different between cancer patients compared to benign, where taxa in Peptoniphilaceae had the most microbial network connections in EC compared to benign conditions. Notably, putative metabolic pathway analysis identified dysregulation of amino acid metabolism, complex carbohydrate metabolism, and hormone metabolism between cancer patients and benign, which provide key insight into the potential pathophysiological mechanisms employed by the microbiome in EC. This study provides key findings on unique singular and community microbial signatures that may directly affect EC development and be important targets for prevention.

Citation Format: Nicole R. Jimenez, Chloe Herman, Pawel Laniewski, Emily K. Cope, Jamal Mourad, Nichole Mahnert, Dana M. Chase, J. G. Caporaso, Melissa M. Herbst-Kralovetz. Patients with endometrial cancer and benign gynecologic conditions exhibit unique vaginal and rectal microbiomes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Endometrial Cancer: Transforming Care through Science; 2023 Nov 16-18; Boston, Massachusetts. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(5_Suppl):Abstract nr PR005.
Supplementary Table 1 from INX-315, a Selective CDK2 Inhibitor, Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Senescence in Solid Tumors
Authors: Dietrich Catherine , Trub Alec , Ahn Antonio , Taylor Michael , Ambani Krutika , Chan Keefe T. , Lu Kun-Hui , Mahendra Christabella A. , Blyth Catherine , Coulson Rhiannon , Ramm Susanne , Watt April C. , Matsa Sunil Kumar , Bisi John , Strum Jay , Roberts Patrick , Goel Shom
Published: March 2024

Experimental conditions for Nanosyn assays
Supplementary Table S4 from Targeting DHX9 Triggers Tumor-Intrinsic Interferon Response and Replication Stress in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Murayama Takahiko , Nakayama Jun , Jiang Xinpei , Miyata Kenichi , Morris Alexander D. , Cai Kathy Q. , Prasad Rahul M. , Ma Xueying , Efimov Andrey , Belani Neel , Gerstein Emily R. , Tan Yinfei , Zhou Yan , Kim William , Maruyama Reo , Campbell Kerry S. , Chen Lu , Yang Yibin , Balachandran Siddharth , Cañadas Israel
Published: March 2024

SCLC cell line information
Supplementary Table S1 from Targeting DHX9 Triggers Tumor-Intrinsic Interferon Response and Replication Stress in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Murayama Takahiko , Nakayama Jun , Jiang Xinpei , Miyata Kenichi , Morris Alexander D. , Cai Kathy Q. , Prasad Rahul M. , Ma Xueying , Efimov Andrey , Belani Neel , Gerstein Emily R. , Tan Yinfei , Zhou Yan , Kim William , Maruyama Reo , Campbell Kerry S. , Chen Lu , Yang Yibin , Balachandran Siddharth , Cañadas Israel
Published: March 2024

sgRNA sequences
Supplementary Table S3 from Cancer Mutations Converge on a Collection of Protein Assemblies to Predict Resistance to Replication Stress
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Singhal Akshat , Park Sungjoon , Kong JungHo , Bachelder Robin , Ideker Trey
Published: March 2024

Table S3 Importance of assemblies in VNN models.xlsx
On Orthorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review of Reviews
Authors: Ng Qin Xiang , Lee Dawn Yi Xin , Yau Chun En , Han Ming Xuan , Liew Jacqueline Jin Li , Teoh Seth En , Ong Clarence , Yaow Clyve Yu Leon , Chee Kuan Tsee
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Orthorexia nervosa (ON), characterized by a pathological preoccupation with “extreme dietary purity,” is increasingly observed as a mental health condition among young adults and the general population. However, its diagnosis is not formally recognized and has remained contentious. Objective: In this systematic review, we attempt to overview previous reviews on ON, focusing on the methodological and conceptual issues with ON. This would serve both as a summary and a way to highlight gaps in earlier research. Methods: This systematic review took reference from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines, and using combinations of the search terms (“orthorexia” OR “orthorexia nervosa” OR “ON”) AND (“review” OR “systematic review” OR “meta-analysis”), a literature search was performed on EMBASE, Medline and PsycINFO databases from inception up to October 31, 2023. Articles were included if (1) they were written or translated into English and (2) contained information pertaining to the diagnostic stability or validity of ON, or instruments used to measure ON symptoms and behaviors. Only review articles with a systematic literature search approach were included. Results: A total of 22 reviews were qualitatively reviewed. Several studies have reported variable prevalence of ON and highlighted the lack of thoroughly evaluated measures of ON with clear psychometric properties, with no reliable estimates. ORTO-15 and its variations such as ORTO-11, ORTO-12 are popularly used, although their use is discouraged. Existing instruments lack specificity for pathology and several disagreements on the conceptualization and hence diagnostic criteria of ON exist. Discussion: Previous reviews have consistently highlighted the highly variable (and contradictory) prevalence rates with different instruments to measure ON, lack of stable factor structure and psychometrics across ON measures, paucity of data on ON in clinical samples, and a need for a modern re-conceptualization of ON. The diagnosis of ON is challenging as it likely spans a spectrum from “normal” to “abnormal,” and “functional” to “dysfunctional.” “Non-pathological” orthorexia is not related to psychopathological constructs in the same way that ON is.
Can-Pain - eine digitale Intervention zur Optimierung der Schmerzkontrolle bei Krebs im häuslichen Umfeld: Entwicklung und Machbarkeitsprüfung
Authors: Adam Rosalind , Bond Christine M. , Burton Christopher D. , de Bruin Marijn , Murchie Peter
Published: March 2024

Zweck: Die Entwicklung einer neuartigen digitalen Intervention zur Optimierung der Schmerzkontrolle bei Krebs im lokalen Umfeld. In diesem Artikel werden die Interventionsentwicklung, der Inhalt/die Begründung und die anfängliche Machbarkeitsprüfung beschrieben. Methoden: Determinanten der suboptimalen Schmerzbehandlung bei Krebs wurden durch zwei systematische Übersichten charakterisiert; Interviews mit Patienten, Pflegekräften und Angehörigen der Gesundheitsberufe (HCP) (n = 39); und zwei HCP-Fokusgruppen (n = 12). Das Interventionsmapping wurde verwendet, um die Ergebnisse in theoriebasierte Inhalte zu übersetzen und die App «Can-Pain» zu erstellen. Patienten mit/ohne verbundene Pflegekraft, ihre Hausärzte und vor Ort ansässige Palliativ-Pflegekräfte wurden für den Machbarkeitstest Can-Pain über 4 Wochen rekrutiert. Ergebnisse: Die Patienten, die starke Opioide einnahmen, beschrieben die Herausforderungen, das Schmerzniveau mit der Opioid-Aufnahme, den Nebenwirkungen und den Aktivitäten in Einklang zu bringen und mit den Ärzten über Probleme bei der Schmerzbehandlung zu kommunizieren. Can-Pain adressiert diese Herausforderungen durch Aufklärungsressourcen, gleichzeitige kurzwirksame Opioid-Verfolgung und wöchentliche Überwachung der von den Patienten berichteten Ergebnisse. Zu den neuartigen Aspekten von Can-Pain gehört die Verwendung zeitgleicher bahnbrechender analgetischer Berichte als Ersatz für die Schmerzkontrolle und die Messung des Ausmaßes, in dem der Schmerz für den Einzelnen störend wird. Die Patienten fühlten sich aufgrund von fortgeschrittenem Krebs unwohl, was die Rekrutierung für Machbarkeitstests erschwerte. Zwei Patienten und eine Pflegekraft verwendeten Can-Pain für 4 Wochen und teilten wöchentliche Berichte mit vier Ärzten. Can-Pain machte auf unerkannte Probleme aufmerksam, förderte das gemeinsame Verständnis von Patienten und HCPs über die Symptome und unterstützte die gemeinsame Entscheidungsfindung. Schlussfolgerungen: Vorläufige Tests deuten darauf hin, dass Can-Pain machbar ist und eine patientenzentrierte Schmerzbehandlung fördern könnte. Wir werden weitere Evaluierungen in kleinem Maßstab durchführen, um eine künftige randomisierte, stufenweise Studie durchzuführen. Studienregistrierung Qualitative Forschung: ClinicalTrials.gov, Referenz-Nr. NCT02341846 Machbarkeitsstudie: NIHR CPMS-Datenbank-ID 34172
Acquired Pellicle and Biofilm Engineering by Rinsing with Hemoglobin Solution
Authors: Araujo Tamara T. , Carvalho Thamyris S. , Dionizio Aline , Rodrigues Chelsea Maria V.B.F. , Henrique-Silva Flavio , Chiaratti Marcos , Santos Angélica , Alves Lindomar , Ferro Milene , Buzalaf Marília A.R.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The identification of acid-resistant proteins, including hemoglobin (Hb), within the acquired enamel pellicle (AEP) led to the proposition of the “acquired pellicle engineering” concept, which involves the modification of the AEP by incorporating specific proteins, presenting a novel strategy to prevent dental demineralization. Objective: Combining in vivo and in vitro proof-of-concept protocols, we sought to reveal the impact of AEP engineering with Hb protein on the biofilm microbiome and enamel demineralization. Methods: In the in vivo studies, 10 volunteers, in 2 independent experiments, rinsed (10 mL,1 min) with deionized water-negative control or 1.0 mg/mL Hb. The AEP and biofilm formed along 2 or 3 h, respectively, were collected. AEP was analyzed by quantitative shotgun-label-free proteomics and biofilm by 16S-rRNA next-generation sequencing (NGS). In in vitro study, a microcosm biofilm protocol was employed. Seventy-two bovine enamel specimens were treated with (1) phosphate-buffered solution (PBS), (2) 0.12% chlorhexidine, (3) 500 ppm NaF, (4) 1.0 mg/mL Hb, (5) 2.0 mg/mL Hb, and (6) 4.0 mg/mL Hb. The biofilm was cultivated for 5 days. Resazurin, colony forming units (CFU), and transversal microradiography were performed. Results: Proteomics and NGS analysis revealed that Hb increased proteins with antioxidant, antimicrobial, acid-resistance, hydroxyapatite-affinity, calcium-binding properties and showed a reduction in oral pathogenic bacteria. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the lowest Hb concentration was the most effective in reducing bacterial activity, CFU, and enamel demineralization compared to PBS. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Hb could be incorporated into anticaries dental products to modify the oral microbiome and control caries, highlighting its potential for AEP and biofilm microbiome engineering.
Impacts of Posttransplant Cyclophosphamide Dose on Graft-versus-Leukemia Effects via HLA-B Leader in HLA-Haploidentical Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Moriguchi Makoto , Ido Kentaro , Okamura Hiroshi , Nakamae Mika , Sakatoku Kazuki , Makuuchi Yosuke , Kuno Masatomo , Takakuwa Teruhito , Hirose Asao , Nishimoto Mitsutaka , Nakashima Yasuhiro , Koh Hideo , Hino Masayuki , Nakamae Hirohisa
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The graft-versus-leukemia effect of HLA-B leader dimorphism, i.e., methionine (M) or threonine (T) at position −21 of the leader sequence, has been observed in HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy-haplo). However, the biological mechanism has been unclear, and the contributions of HLA-B leader genotype to risk reduction of relapse might be dependent on posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) doses. Methods: To investigate whether the effect of HLA-B leader dimorphism was modified by the PTCy dose, we retrospectively analyzed 99 patients who received PTCy-haplo. Results: In the low-dose PTCy group, the patient M+ HLA-B leader genotype did not significantly affect the cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) but negatively impacted the overall survival (OS) compared to the M− genotype. In contrast, in the high-dose PTCy group, patients with the M+ genotype had a decreased CIR, but no significant difference in the OS was observed between patients with the M+ and M− genotypes. Regardless of PTCy doses, the patient M+ genotype had detrimental effects on nonrelapse mortality. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the effect of the patient HLA-B leader genotype is modified by the PTCy dose, providing immunological insight into the PTCy dosage and supporting further studies to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
Aggressive B-Cell Lymphoma with Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression: Treat the Patient, Not the Disease
Authors: Yavorkovsky Leonid L.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The management of metastatic spinal cord compression (mSCC) is a demanding task. The main challenges of mSCC include various manifestations and unpredictable outcomes with indiscriminate treatment recommendations. Because of attendant urgency with potentially devastating health consequences, the SCC is an emotionally disturbing experience whose management could take an impulsive rather than rational approach. The treatment strategy is particularly problematic when mSCC is caused by a malignant lymphoma with its protean attributes. Case Report: A 68-year-old female presented with generalized body pain and weight loss. Imaging studies revealed a vast bulk of the disease involving lymph nodes, spleen, visceral organs, musculature, marrow, and bones including vertebrae with extension into the spinal canal. A biopsy of the chest wall mass showed high-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine demonstrated diffuse marrow replacement by the tumor of the thoracic and lumbar spine with compression of the cord. The prompt treatment with corticosteroids and immunochemotherapy (ICT) was recommended, but the patient elected to seek a second opinion. After two doses of radiation therapy, the patient’s general condition rapidly deteriorated and she was hospitalized for systemic ICT. Despite the treatment, her condition continued to deteriorate, and she died 3 weeks after the presentation. Conclusion: The presented case demonstrates some hitherto unaddressed challenges in evaluation and treatment of mSCC caused by aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (LSSC). The case scrutinizes the role of MRI in uncommon clinical situations. The case has also exposed some ethical issues associated with the proper management of LSCC.
Genetic Testing in Brugada Syndrome: A 30-Year Experience
Authors: Pannone Luigi , Bisignani Antonio , Osei Randy , Gauthey Anaïs , Sorgente Antonio , Monaco Cinzia , Della Rocca Domenico Giovanni , Del Monte Alvise , Strazdas Antanas , Mojica Joerelle , Al Housari Maysam , Miraglia Vincenzo , Mouram Sahar , Vetta Giampaolo , Paparella Gaetano , Ramak Robbert , Overeinder Ingrid , Bala Gezim , Almorad Alexandre , Ströker Erwin , Pappaert Gudrun , Sieira Juan , de Ravel Thomy , La Meir Mark , Sarkozy Andrea , Brugada Pedro , Chierchia Gian Battista , Van Dooren Sonia , de Asmundis Carlo
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

A pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant can be found in 20% to 25% of patients with Brugada syndrome (BrS) and a pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant in SCN5A is associated with a worse prognosis. The aim of this study is to define the diagnostic yield of a large gene panel with American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics variant classification and to assess prognosis of SCN5A and non-SCN5A variants.

METHODS:

All patients with BrS, were prospectively enrolled in the Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel registry between 1992 and 2022. Inclusion criteria for the study were (1) BrS diagnosis; (2) genetic analysis performed with a large gene panel; (3) classification of variants following American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. Patients with a pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant in SCN5A were defined as SCN5A
+
. Patients with a reported variant in a
non-SCN5A
gene or with no reported variants were defined as patients with SCN5A
−
. All variants were classified as missense or predicted loss of function.

RESULTS:

A total of 500 BrS patients were analyzed. A total of 104 patients (20.8%) were SCN5A
+
and 396 patients (79.2%) were SCN5A
−
. A
non-SCN5A
gene variant was found in 75 patients (15.0%), of whom, 58 patients (77.3%) had a missense variant and 17 patients (22.7%) had a predicted loss of function variant. At a follow-up of 84.0 months, 48 patients (9.6%) experienced a ventricular arrhythmia (VA). Patients without any variant had higher VA-free survival, compared with carriers of a predicted loss of function variant in

SCN5A
+

or
non-SCN5A
genes. There was no difference in VA-free survival between patients without any variant and missense variant carriers in

SCN5A
+

or
non-SCN5A
genes. At Cox analysis, SCN5A
+
or non-SCN5A predicted loss of function variant was an independent predictor of VA.

CONCLUSIONS:

In a large BrS cohort, the yield for SCN5A
+
is 20.8%. A predicted loss of function variant carrier is an independent predictor of VA.
Text Attribute Control via Closed-Loop Disentanglement
Authors: Sha Lei , Lukasiewicz Thomas
Published: March 2024

Changing an attribute of a text without changing the content usually requires first disentangling the text into irrelevant attributes and content representations. After that, in the inference phase, the representation of one attribute is tuned to a different value, expecting that the corresponding attribute of the text can also be changed accordingly. The usual way of disentanglement is to add some constraints on the latent space of an encoder-decoder architecture, including adversarial-based constraints and mutual-information-based constraints. However, previous semi-supervised processes of attribute change are usually not enough to guarantee the success of attribute change and content preservation. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to achieve a robust control of attributes while enhancing content preservation. In this approach, we use a semi-supervised contrastive learning method to encourage the disentanglement of attributes in latent spaces. Differently from previous works, we re-disentangle the reconstructed sentence and compare the re-disentangled latent space with the original latent space, which makes a closed-loop disentanglement process. This also helps content preservation. In addition, the contrastive learning method is also able to replace the role of minimizing mutual information and adversarial training in the disentanglement process, which alleviates the computation cost. We conducted experiments on three text datasets, including the Yelp Service review dataset, the Amazon Product review dataset, and the GoEmotions dataset. The experimental results show the effectiveness of our model.
Colonialism and Islamic Reform
Authors: Shlala Elizabeth H.
Published: March 2024

This essay engages a broad geographic, demographic, and chronological scope on the topic of colonialism and Islamic reform to avoid the reinforcement of colonial era inventions and gender(ed) myths across education, the law, enslavement, hierarchies of gender, and Islamic reform. This essay argues that understanding women and gender in various colonial contexts is an important avenue for recovering the restorative work that women have done to reject colonial ideologies throughout history. Reflecting upon scholarship situated at the intersection of modern Islamic thought and feminism, new possibilities emerge to reframe the meaning of justice and freedom in this historiography and beyond.
Corruption and Religion in Europe and Beyond
Authors: Berti Carlo
Published: March 2024

The concept of corruption is historically linked to religion, but research on the relationship between religion and corruption is scarce, coming mainly from the fields of economics and statistics, and partially from anthropology and cultural studies. This article aims to offer a critical review of the relevant international literature on religion, religiosity, and corruption, ranging from large, quantitative comparative studies to more focused and in-depth qualitative case studies. It critically reviews the main results and identifies knowledge gaps that could be addressed by future research. Moreover, it discusses the importance of further research in the European area in light of some features of religion and corruption in Europe, as well as recent changes in the religious panorama of the continent.
Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in International Investment: An Ongoing Compartmentalization
Authors: Boirin-Fargues Zoé
Published: March 2024

International investment law and arbitration have been in the spotlight due to their historical disconnection with issues related to human rights and the environment. Currently, we are witnessing a growing attention to the relationship between Indigenous peoples’ rights and the field of international law. This article presents the results of systematic research on the references to Indigenous peoples that have been made in international investment instruments and arbitration. It identifies key issues and ways to move forward in order to build a more inclusive yet consistent international investment law.
A Painful Divorce: Law vs Digital Technologies
Authors: Grumbach Stéphane , Zeno-Zencovich Vincenzo
Published: March 2024

In this article we wish to point out – using the metaphor of a marital crisis – some of the reasons behind the growing conflict between digital technologies and the law.

We identify various causes:

a)

Over the last years there has been a radical change in roles: once one looked at the law for solutions, now they are searched in digital technologies, seen as very efficient instruments of governance.

b)

Legal instruments are inadequate to cope with a phenomenon in constant evolution, and whose economic and socio-political weight is immense.

c)

Digital actors have become the most effective law makers, with rules not only prescriptive but directly executable.

Our conclusions are that:

a)

The digital has changed international relations. We see “digital empires” and “digital colonies”: the EU has gradually fallen in the latter category.

b)

The EU approach, expressed by thousands of normative provisions, is ineffective and will be counter-productive in respect of its objectives.

c)

It would be preferable to adopt a “general principles” model able to govern not only the present issues but also the changes expected in the next years.
A Cinematic Calling Card: Preludio 11 and Cuban-gdr Cultural Dialogue
Authors: Story Isabel
Published: March 2024

Preludio 11 is a little discussed Cuban-gdr co-production from the early 1960s that was part of a glut of cinematic collaborations between Cuba and predominantly socialist European partners as a means of skills exchange and relationship-building. However, the film and the fact of the organization of the collaboration can offer valuable insight into the dynamics within the international socialist camp and both Cuba and the gdr’s focus on national projection on the international stage. Through examination of the communication between collaborators – principally between the Cuban and East German cinematic institutes and internal gdr communication – on the film, this article sheds light on the political and symbolic value of Cuba to the gdr and vice versa. It also shows how those relations were in constant flux as the project developed and the two countries battled with their commitment to cultural expression and development and shifting political priorities.
Application and Potential of Nanobiomaterials in Bone Regeneration
Authors: Zhou Wenting , He Rui , Du Ran , Chu Bingyang
Published: March 2024

This review thoroughly investigates the latest developments and challenges of nanobiomaterials in bone regeneration. It begins by elucidating the fundamental properties of nanomaterials and their unique role in promoting bone cell proliferation and differentiation. The review further
explores innovative applications of nanobiomaterials in enhancing bone regeneration efficiency, and reducing immune reactions and toxicity, while also discussing the current technological limitations and future possibilities. Conclusively, the article predicts the future applications of nanobiomaterials
in bone regeneration treatments, especially highlighting their potential role in personalized medicine and bioprinting technologies.
The Predictive Value of Conventional Ultrasound Signs Plus Serological Indices for Neck Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Liu Sha , Chou MengMeng
Published: March 2024

The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of conventional ultrasound signs and serological indices in the detection of neck lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). A total of 80 patients with PTC scheduled for surgery in our hospital between August 2019 and December 2022 were recruited. Patients with neck lymph node metastasis were categorized as the experimental group, and patients without neck lymph node metastasis were included in the control group. Patients’ ultrasound signs were analyzed, and serological indices were determined. Logistic analysis was performed to determine the risk factors for the development of postoperative neck lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to assess their diagnostic efficiency. Significant differences were observed in the number of lesions, nodule size, calcification, blood flow RI, and PI values comparison between the two arms (P< 0.05), while no significant differences were found in other ultrasound signs (P> 0.05). Patients with neck lymph node metastasis exhibited significantly higher serum concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TG-Ab) versus those without metastasis (P< 0.05). Nodule size, number of lesions, and serum TSH level were independent risk factors for metastasis in neck lymph nodes in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (P<0.05). Conventional ultrasound signs, combined with serologic indices, demonstrated the highest diagnostic efficiency for predicting neck lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer. These findings showed a sensitivity of 0.868, specificity of 0.894, and an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.918. Additionally, the Jorden index was calculated to be 0.761. Analysis revealed that nodule size, number of lesions, and serum TSH concentration were independent risk factors for neck lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer patients. The combination of conventional ultrasound signs and serologic indices provided a higher diagnostic value compared to using a single diagnostic modality, thus indicating promising clinical benefits.
Significant Effect of Ritodrine Hydrochloride Combined with Magnesium Sulfate for Treatment of Patients with Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Tian Fulin , Zhang Jun , Liu Jun
Published: March 2024

To investigate the effect of magnesium sulfate combined with ritodrine hydrochloride on maternal and infant outcomes in patients with premature rupture of membranes (PROM), a total of 76 PROM patients admitted to our hospital from July 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the research
objects, and they were divided into observation group and experimental group according to the treatment methods of the patients. The observation group consisted of 38 patients who received magnesium sulfate monotherapy, whereas the experimental group received ritodrine hydrochloride in addition
to the treatment received by the patients in the observation group. The treatment effects, levels of inflammatory factors, negative emotions, as well as maternal and child outcomes, along with any adverse reactions during the medication, were compared between the two groups. The effective
rate of treatment in the observation group was 78.95%, and that in the experimental group was 97.37%. The effective rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the observation group (P < 0.05). The levels of α and IFN-y were significantly lower
than those of the observation group (all, P < 0.05); the SAS scores and SDS scores of the experimental group after treatment were significantly lower than those of the observation group (all, P < 0.05). The observation group showed significantly lower uterine contraction
inhibition time and postpartum hemorrhage compared to the observation group, along with significantly higher gestational age extension time (all, P <0.05). In terms of neonatal outcomes, the birth weight, Apgar. The scores were significantly higher than those of the observation group,
and the incidence of complications was significantly lower than that of the observation group (all, P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 21.05%, compared to 23.68% in the experimental group. There was no significant difference in the incidence
of adverse reactions between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05). Magnesium sulfate combined with ritodrine hydrochloride has a significant effect in the treatment of patients with PROM. The application of the combined program can effectively reduce the inflammatory response of
patients, regulate the negative emotions of patients, and improve the maternal and infant outcomes of patients. Moreover, the combined program does not increase the risk of adverse reactions in patients, demonstrating its ideal safety in clinical medication.
A retrospective comparison of endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) and endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) in the treatment of acute cholangitis
Authors: Li Rui , Xu Chengchen , Zhao Menglu , Zhang Jian , Sun Shiyi , Li Bing , Xie Yinghai
Published: March 2024

Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) and endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) can rapidly alleviate obstruction, facilitate bile drainage, and reduce pressure in the bile duct. In this study, to evaluate the effect of plastic biliary stent on the recurrence rate of choledocholithiasis in patients with actual cholangitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangioangiography (ERCP), we a comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety between ENBD and ERBD in inflammatory remission rate, complication rate, and success rate of secondary or multiple endoscopic lithotomy. A total of 347 patients undergoing ENBD and ERBD were enrolled in this retrospective study. Preoperative assessments including blood tests, electrocardiography, abdominal ultrasonography, CT scans, MRI, or MRCP were conducted on all participants. Additionally, serum CRP and amylase levels were measured using a magnetic nanobead-based immunoassay. We found that The success rate of stone removal in the ENBD group was higher than that in the ERBD group (90.8% vs. 72.7%) (P<0.0001). The remission rate of inflammation in the ERBD group (100.0%) was higher than that in the ENBD group (98.7%) (P>0.05). No significant difference was observed between the ERBD group and the ENBD group in preoperative and postoperative inflammatory indexes (total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, white blood cells, neutrophils, CRP, and serum amylase). Moreover, there were significant differences in post-ERCP pancreatitis between the ERBD group and ENBD group. These results suggest that both ENBD and ERBD can effectively improve clinical efficacy. Moreover, magnetic nanobeads have good application in serum index detection to increase detection efficiency.
Detection of miR-203 expression using a nanofluorescent probe to study the neuroprotective effect of sevoflurane in a neuroinflammatory injury rat model
Authors: Shao Yun , Pu Yi , Yu Xiangrong , Yang Zhengxiang
Published: March 2024

Ischemic cerebrovascular disease has high disability and mortality rates that can result in related sequelae if not treated promptly and properly. Nanofluorescent probes are useful in the early diagnosis of the disease due to their high sensitivity and specificity, thus facilitating
early therapeutic measures and observation of disease progression. Here, a novel nanostructure probe was designed to detect the expression of miR-203 in a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) model after sevoflurane treatment, and the effects of sevoflurane and neuroinflammatory injury
were discussed. A CIRI rat model was established to study miR-203 expression, nerve injury, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors in the brain tissue of rats treated with sevoflurane. The nanofluorescent probe showed high specificity and sensitivity for miR-203 detection. miR-203 was
over-expressed in CIRI rats, which was decreased by sevoflurane treatment. In addition, sevoflurane treatment significantly improved neurological function, learning, and memory in CIRI rats; decreased malondialdehyde, lactate dehydrogenase, and superoxide dismutase levels; and inhibited the
expression of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukins 1 and 6. Moreover, an inverse correlation was determined between miR-203 expression and the degree of neuroinflammation. This study demonstrated that miR-203 may be a useful diagnostic and prognostic index for neuroinflammatory
injury.
Clinical efficacy of ganciclovir combined with transfer factor oral solution for pediatric infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Qi Weiwei , Yang Ning , Lu Juan , Chai Ruiyu , Han Hong , Hao Meixu
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the clinical efficacy of ganciclovir combined with transfer factor oral solution in the treatment of patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) to provide a reference for clinical application. A total of 150 children with IM who received treatment in our hospital from 2020 to 2022 were randomly selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into a control group receiving intravenous administration of ganciclovir (n= 75) and an observation group receiving transfer factor oral liquid in combination with intravenous administration of ganciclovir (n=75). The results showed that after treatment, the serum levels of CK-MB, CK, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-αwere significantly reduced in both groups. The observation group showed lower levels than the control group. Additionally, peripheral blood CD4+T cells, CD4+/CD8+ratio, and Tfr expression were higher in the observation group compared to the control group, while the level of CD8+T cells was lower than that of the control group. Furthermore, there were no significant changes in the levels of IgA, IgM, and IgG antibodies in the two groups before and after treatment. In conclusion, the combination therapy of transfer factor oral solution and ganciclovir demonstrates favorable clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of children with IM, as it effectively reduces inflammatory reactions, regulates cellular immune function, promotes Tfr differentiation, and shortens recovery time.
Experimental study on properties of cinder aggregate lightweight concrete with fibre reinforcement
Authors: Sadhana K. , Suguna K. , Raghunath P. N.
Published: March 2024

Lightweight concrete is gaining increasing significance in the construction industry due to its numerous advantages over conventional concrete. It can be produced by partially or fully replacing conventional coarse aggregates with lightweight aggregates. Laboratory tests were conducted
to assess the feasibility of utilizing solid waste, such as cinders, for manufacturing lightweight aggregate concrete. The mechanical properties of cinder aggregate lightweight concrete were improved through the introduction micro-reinforcements. Polypropylene fibres were incorporated as micro-reinforcements
at volume fractions of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%. The experimental results, including compressive strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity, demonstrated that waste cinder aggregates can effectively replace coarse aggregates in lightweight concrete. Furthermore, the incorporation
of polypropylene fibres enhances the mechanical performance of cinder aggregate lightweight concrete.
DAWN: Dashboard for Agricultural Water Use and Nutrient Management—A Predictive Decision Support System to Improve Crop Production in a Changing Climate
Authors: Liang Xin-Zhong , Gower Drew , Kennedy Jennifer A. , Kenney Melissa , Maddox Michael C. , Gerst Michael , Balboa Guillermo , Becker Talon , Cai Ximing , Elmore Roger , Gao Wei , He Yufeng , Liang Kang , Lotton Shane , Malayil Leena , Matthews Megan L. , Meadow Alison M. , Neale Christopher M. U. , Newman Greg , Sapkota Amy Rebecca , Shin Sanghoon , Straube Jonathan , Sun Chao , Wu You , Yang Yun , Zhang Xuesong
Published: March 2024

Climate change presents huge challenges to the already-complex decisions faced by U.S. agricultural producers, as seasonal weather patterns increasingly deviate from historical tendencies. Under USDA funding, a transdisciplinary team of researchers, extension experts, educators, and stakeholders is developing a climate decision support Dashboard for Agricultural Water use and Nutrient management (DAWN) to provide Corn Belt farmers with better predictive information. DAWN’s goal is to provide credible, usable information to support decisions by creating infrastructure to make subseasonal-to-seasonal forecasts accessible. DAWN uses an integrated approach to 1) engage stakeholders to coproduce a decision support and information delivery system; 2) build a coupled modeling system to represent and transfer holistic systems knowledge into effective tools; 3) produce reliable forecasts to help stakeholders optimize crop productivity and environmental quality; and 4) integrate research and extension into experiential, transdisciplinary education. This article presents DAWN’s framework for integrating climate–agriculture research, extension, and education to bridge science and service. We also present key challenges to the creation and delivery of decision support, specifically in infrastructure development, coproduction and trust building with stakeholders, product design, effective communication, and moving tools toward use.
Quercetin suppresses ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rat mandibles by regulating autophagy and the NLRP3 pathway
Authors: Xiong Yue , Huang Cheng-Wei , Shi Chao , Peng Liang , Cheng Yu-Ting , Hong Wei , Liao Jian
Published: March 2024

With the aging population and the popularity of implant prostheses, an increasing number of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) patients require implant restorations; however, poor bone condition affects the long-term stability of implant prostheses. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of quercetin (QR) compared with alendronate (ALN), the primary treatment for PMOP, on mandibular osteoporosis (OP) induced by ovariectomy (OVX) in female rats. Adult female rats were treated with QR (50 mg/kg/day), ALN (6.25 mg/kg/week) by gavage for 8 weeks, chloroquine (CQ, 10 mg/kg/twice a week), and cytokine release inhibitory drug 3 (MCC950, 10 mg/kg/three times a week) by intraperitoneal injection for 8 weeks after bilateral OVX. Blood samples were collected prior to euthanasia; the mandibles were harvested and subjected to micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and pathological analysis. QR administration controlled weight gain and significantly improved the bone microstructure in OVX rats, increasing bone mass, and bone mineral density (BMD), reducing bone trabecular spacing, and decreasing osteoclast numbers. Western blotting, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and serum markers confirmed that QR inhibited interleukin- 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) on the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway thereby inhibiting osteoclast differentiation, immunofluorescence and western blotting also confirmed that QR inhibited autophagy in OVX rats and suppressed the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-stained positive osteoclasts. The findings suggest that QR may protect the bone structure and prevent bone loss in osteoporotic rats by inhibiting the NLRP3 pathway and autophagy in osteoclasts with comparable effects to ALN, thus QR may have the potential to be a promising alternative supplement for the preventive and therapeutic treatment of PMOP.
Link between m6A modification and infiltration characterization of tumor microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Sha , Li Ke , Zhang Jiqin , Liu Jian , Liu Lin , Tan Ying , Xu Chuan
Published: March 2024

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation plays a pivotal role in immune responses and the onset and advancement of cancer. Nonetheless, the precise impact of m6A modification in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and its associated tumor microenvironment (TME) remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we distinguished distinct m6A modification patterns within two separate LUAD cohorts using a set of 21 m6A regulators. The TME characteristics associated with these two patterns align with the immune-inflamed and immune-excluded phenotypes, respectively. We identified 2064 m6A-related genes, which were used as a basis to divide all LUAD samples into three distinct m6A gene clusters. We applied a scoring system to evaluate the m6A gene signature of the m6A modification pattern in individual patients. To authenticate the categorization significance of m6A modification patterns, we established a correlation between m6A score and TME infiltration profiling, tumor somatic mutations, and responses to immunotherapy. A high level of m6A modification may be associated with the aggressiveness and poor prognosis of LUAD. Further studies should investigate the mechanism of action of m6A regulators and m6A-related genes to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with LUAD.
Modeling immunity in microphysiological systems
Authors: Kwee Brian J , Li Xiaoqing , Nguyen Xinh-Xinh , Campagna Courtney , Lam Johnny , Sung Kyung E
Published: March 2024

There is a need for better predictive models of the human immune system to evaluate safety and efficacy of immunomodulatory drugs and biologics for successful product development and regulatory approvals. Current in vitro models, which are often tested in two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture polystyrene, and preclinical animal models fail to fully recapitulate the function and physiology of the human immune system. Microphysiological systems (MPSs) that can model key microenvironment cues of the human immune system, as well as of specific organs and tissues, may be able to recapitulate specific features of the in vivo inflammatory response. This minireview provides an overview of MPS for modeling lymphatic tissues, immunity at tissue interfaces, inflammatory diseases, and the inflammatory tumor microenvironment in vitro and ex vivo. Broadly, these systems have utility in modeling how certain immunotherapies function in vivo, how dysfunctional immune responses can propagate diseases, and how our immune system can combat pathogens.
Curcumin induces ferroptosis and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells by regulating Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway
Authors: Yuan Chuanjian , Fan Rong , Zhu Kai , Wang Yutong , Xie Wenpeng , Liang Yanchen
Published: March 2024

Curcumin, an antitumor agent, has been shown to inhibit cell growth and metastasis in osteosarcoma. However, there is no evidence of curcumin and its regulation of cell ferroptosis and nuclear factor E2–related factor 2 (Nrf2)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling pathways in osteosarcoma. This study aimed to investigate the effects of curcumin on osteosarcoma both in vitro and in vivo. To explore the effects and mechanisms of curcumin on osteosarcoma, cells (MNNG/HOS and MG-63) and xenograft mice models were established. Cell viability, cell apoptosis rate, cycle distribution, cell migration, cell invasion, reactive oxygen species, malonaldehyde and glutathione abilities, and protein levels were detected by cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, transwell assay, respectively. Nrf2 and GPX4 expressions were detected using an immunofluorescence assay. Nrf2/GPX4-related protein levels were detected using western blotting. The results showed that curcumin effectively decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis rate. Meanwhile, curcumin inhibited tumor volume in the xenograft model, and Nrf2/GPX4-related protein levels were also altered. Interestingly, the effects of curcumin were reversed by liproxstatin-1 (an effective inhibitor of ferroptosis) and bardoxolone-methyl (an effective activator of Nrf2). Our results indicate that curcumin has therapeutic effects on osteosarcoma cells and a xenograft model by regulating the expression of the Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway.
X-linked hypophosphatemia, fibroblast growth factor 23 signaling, and craniosynostosis
Authors: Grimbly Chelsey , Graf Daniel , Ward Leanne M , Alexander R Todd
Published: March 2024

This review summarizes the current knowledge of fibroblast growth factor 23 signaling in bone and its role in the disease pathology of X-linked hypophosphatemia. Craniosynostosis is an under-recognized complication of X-linked hypophosphatemia. The clinical implications and potential cellular mechanisms invoked by increased fibroblast growth factor 23 signaling causing craniosynostosis are reviewed. Knowledge gaps are identified and provide direction for future clinical and basic science studies.