bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Use of Linguistic Hedging Devices (LHDs) in English and Bahasa Indonesia: Gender and Pedagogical Perspectives
Authors: Adrefiza Adrefiza
Published: March 2024

The use of Linguistics Hedging Devices (LHDs) serves a notable function in our daily conversations and thus is thought-provoking to analyze. Although its occurrence tends to be more prominent in spoken communications, the use of this linguistic feature is still frequently apparent in written conversations. Although they do not add much to the proportional content of an utterance, their occurrence remains unique in terms of variations, frequency, and functions across languages. This study examines the use of LHDs by native speakers of English and Bahasa Indonesia in short spontaneous expressions. The data were obtained through Oral Discourse Completion Tasks (ODCTs) involving 40 participants from the two language speakers (20 in English and 20 in Bahasa Indonesia). English respondents expressed their responses in English, while the Indonesian speakers used Bahasa Indonesia in their responses. Each respondent was asked to respond to an apologetic expression from a close friend using a mini-digital tape recording. All responses were transcribed and analyzed, focusing on the number and types of LHDs used by the respondents in their expressions. The results revealed that the two language communities used various LHDs in their responses, mostly intended to show indirectness and reduce threats toward the hearers’ negative faces. English respondents were likely to use these linguistic features more frequently and varied in types than their Indonesian counterparts. A remarkable trend in the study is that Indonesian speakers tended to be more direct in their expressions than their English counterparts, challenging previously reversed claims. Teaching English as a Foreign Language in Indonesia is recommended to introduce various types and uses of these markers and emphasize how they can be used appropriately in authentic contexts.
Exploring the Phenomenon of Knowledge Management and Performance of MNOs in Nigeria
Authors: Nda Fatima Abdullahi , Garba Sule Ja’afaru , Dangana Egbunu Audu
Published: March 2024

This study explored the phenomenon of knowledge management and performance of MNOs. The study investigated the effect of the knowledge culture of MNOs on customer satisfaction and examined the effect of knowledge creation on the competitiveness of MNOs. In this study, the survey research design was utilized. For this study, the researcher employed the technique of stratified random sampling to select the sample. A sample size of three hundred and sixty-six was chosen. Quantitative data was gathered and analyzed using statistical methods like mean, standard deviation, and regression to establish the effects and relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Findings showed that the knowledge culture of MNOs has a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction and that knowledge creation has a significant positive effect on the competitiveness of MNOs. The study concluded that managing knowledge is crucial for the performance of MNOs. The study recommended that MNOs prioritize and actively cultivate a robust knowledge culture within their organizations and that MNOs should actively foster continuous knowledge creation within their organizations.
Cross Border Migration in India and its Global Implication
Authors: Srivastava Shreya
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Cross-border migration is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon with far-reaching implications for nations worldwide. This research paper focuses on examining the dynamics of cross-border migration, using India as a case study to understand its historical roots, current trends, and wide-ranging consequences. The paper begins by providing an overview of the significance of studying global migration patterns and introduces the historical context of cross-border migration in India, shaped by colonial influences and the partition in 1947. Subsequently, the paper delves into contemporary trends in cross-border migration, analysing recent data to find key drivers and motivations behind individuals' decisions to migrate. Economic implications of migration are explored, highlighting both the positive contributions of skilled labour influx and the challenges associated with brain drain and dependency on remittances. Social dynamics of cross-border migration are examined, focusing on cultural diversity, social integration, and the challenges and opportunities presented by cultural shifts. Additionally, the paper addresses environmental factors in migration decisions, considering the implications of climate change on migration patterns. Through case studies, the paper provides a human perspective on cross-border migration, highlighting individual experiences and outcomes. Finally, the paper synthesizes key findings and discusses potential future developments and areas for further research, aiming to contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding cross-border migration and its global implications.
Review of Automatic Water Tank Filling System Using Arduino
Authors: Mahawadiwar Prof. V. N. , Tembhare Divyansh , Moundekar Akash , Raut Utkarsh
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This project revolves around an Arduino- based automatic water level controller and indicator, employing ultrasonic sensors for water level measurement. These sensors operate on the "echo" principle, wherein transmitted sound waves return after striking an obstacle. Utilizing this principle enables the calculation of travel time for both outgoing and returning waves, facilitating the determination of distance. This fundamental concept is integrated into the project design. The system activates the motor pump automatically when the water level is low, addressing the pressing issue of drinking water scarcity prevalent in India and other countries. The project aims to contribute to water conservation efforts, given the prevalent crisis. Many households in India use overhead tanks, resulting in water overflow and substantial wastage of both water and electricity. To combat this, the project introduces an automatic water level controller, eliminating the need for manual switching ON and OFF of the motor pump. The device continuously monitors the water level and triggers a relay, subsequently activating the motor pump. This automated process not only minimizes water and electricity wastage but also reduces the reliance on manual operation, thereby optimizing efficiency.
PDF-Driven Q&A: A Review
Authors: Sontakke Prof. Sneha R. , Gondane Shreyash V. , Nandedkar Anup S. , Chauhan Sahil T. , Choudhari Nama Z.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Traditional methods of PDF retrieval often suffer from inefficiencies and inaccuracies due to their reliance on keyword-based search algorithms. These methods usually don't understand what words really mean and have trouble with things like different words meaning the same thing, one word meaning many things, and understanding the context. This makes the search results not very good. This project proposes a novel approach to address these shortcomings by developing a comprehensive system for efficient PDF document management and context-aware question answering. The system integrates various components, including a user-friendly interface for PDF upload, Longchain techniques for breaking down lengthy PDFs into manageable chunks, and vectorization using OpenAI's language models. These vectorized chunks are stored in the Faiss Vector Database for rapid retrieval. User queries are converted into vectors using the same language model, and a semantic search algorithm matches them against the stored PDF chunks to retrieve contextually relevant answers. By presenting these answers in a user-friendly format, the system aims to enhance accessibility and usability, enabling seamless access to pertinent information within PDF documents.
Computational Insights into p53-Seliciclib Interaction: A Docking Study
Authors: Bagane Mayur , Patil Dr. Pallavi
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Medicinal chemistry plays a crucial role in discovering and developing new therapeutic agents. This project report focuses on a molecular docking study investigating the binding interactions between the tumor suppressor protein p53 and the small molecule Seliciclib, aiming to gain insights for developing novel anticancer therapies. The report provides a brief overview of medicinal chemistry, highlighting its interdisciplinary nature and the integration of recent advancements like molecular biology and computational methods. It emphasizes the complexity of establishing new drugs and the diverse expertise required. The core of the report describes the use of molecular docking, a computational technique, to simulate the binding between p53 and Seliciclib. The process involved acquiring structures from databases, preparing them for simulations, and performing docking using specialized software. The results offered valuable information on the potential binding mode and affinity, including binding energy, hydrogen bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. The findings contribute to the field of anticancer drug discovery by elucidating the molecular interactions between p53 and Seliciclib. This knowledge can guide the design of more targeted and effective drugs that modulate p53 function and inhibit cancer cell growth. While acknowledging the limitations of theoretical predictions, the report underscores the importance of this study in laying the foundation for further investigations and potential development of novel p53-based cancer treatment strategies.
Pemanfaatan Digital Marketing Untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan Pada Usaha Kecil Masyarakat di Palmerah
Authors: Haidar Anisah , Syarif Edward , Naro Aulia
Published: March 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian ini bertempat di kawasan RT 05 di daerah kecamatan Palmerah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membantu mengembangkan bisnis para pelaku UMKM di daerah tersebut dengan memanfaatkan digital marketing sebagai salah satu strategi marketing ditengah pandemi ini. diharapkan dengan pelatihan ini peserta dapat membuat akun toko online, mempersiapkan dokumen persyaratan pendaftaran, membuat website free serta membuat konten untuk penawaran berbasis digital untuk meningkatkan penjualan mereka di sosial media. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga mengajarkan para pelaku usaha kecil dan menengah untuk beriklan online di beberapa aplikasi onlinenya, seperti tokopedia, shopee, dan instagram.
Edukasi Optimalisasi Televisi Sebagai Media Display Digital Karya Siswa Paud Darul Mukminin
Authors: Hasni Fatimah Yasmin , Pratiwi Wilsa
Published: March 2024

Televisi sebagai alat informasi guna untuk menyampaikan ilmu pengetahuan, informasi maupun hiburan kepada audiens yang dituju. Berdasarkan survey, kegiatan pelatihan guru Paud Darul Mukminin melalui fasilitas televisi yang selama ini tidak memiliki program tayangan. Penulis melihat potensi media display digital karya siswa paud, yang dapat menayangkan hasil karya siswa paud dengan sistem yang mudah diterapkan. Dari pemahaman yang terbentuk diharapkan guru dapat menerapkan media display digital yang diunggulkan.Target yang ingin dicapai yaitu para guru dapat memanfaatkan televisi sebagai media display digital karya siswa paud. Pengaplikasian melalui pelatihan dengan empat tahap kegiatan, yaitu; (1) mendokumentasikan kegiatan kreativitas siswa; (2) pelatihan desain menggunakan aplikasi canva; (3) pelatihan convert file dengan menggunakan situs converter gratis; dan (4) pelatihan transfer file video ke televisi sebagai media display digital.
Peningkatan Perekonomian Keluarga Urban Melalui Budidaya Sayur Hidroponik
Authors: Setiany Erna , Hidayah Nurul , Briandana Rizki , Hidayat M. Syarif , Raihan Ahmad Daffa , Putri Tia Aulia
Published: March 2024

Meruya Selatan Subdistrict, West Jakarta is a densely populated area with very few green open spaces in every resident's house so that greening the community is not a priority. With the city of Jakarta being densely populated and the air being polluted, greening is really needed.The hydroponic farming method is an alternative for reforestation on limited land. The hydroponic farming method also makes a big contribution in improving people's lives and the economy. Transfer of knowledge through socialization activities of the hydroponic method as an agricultural method that is suitable for application on limited land. Transfer of knowledge through practical planting activities using the hydroponic method. The output of this activity includes increasing understanding and skills in hydroponic methods, packaging hydroponic products, marketing hydroponic products digitally, calculating the cost of production and determining the selling price of hydroponic products. This activity also provides large, medium, small and simple hydroponic equipment for the community to use
Analisis Bibliometrik Resolusi Konflik di Sekolah Dasar Menggunakan Vosviewer Indexed By Google Scholar
Authors: Altaftazani Deden Herdiana , Rahayu Galih Dani Septiyan Rahayu , Fauzi Muhammad Rizal Fauzi
Published: March 2024

Resolusi Konflik merupakan keterampilan yang perlu dikembangkan saat ini, Khusus nya bagi siswa sekolah dasar. Resolusi konflik dapat membantu siswa dalam menghadapi berbagai berbagai permasalahan yang terjadi dalam kehidupan mereka sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui perkembangan penelitian tentang resolusi konflik di sekolah dasar dengan melakukan analisis bibliometrik terhadap data bibliografi pada artikel penelitian yang terindeks oleh Google Scholar dengan menggabungkan analisis dalam hal distribusi peta bibliometrik menggunakan perangkat lunak VOSviewer. Proses penyaringan data dilakukan berdasarkan kata kunci “conflict resolution and primary education” yang terdapat pada topik, judul, kata kunci, dan abstrak. Penelusuran dilakukan terhadap artikel yang diterbitkan sejak tahun 2000 hingga 2022. Dari hasil penelusuran diperoleh 24 artikel yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penelitian resolusi konflik di sekolah dasar paling banyak dilakukan pada tahun 2010. Penelitian tentang resolusi konflik di sekolah dasar masih sangat jarang dilakukan. Melihat pada data tersebut, peluang untuk mengembangkan penelitian tentang resolusi konflik di sekolah dasar sangat besar. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan referensi dan pertimbangan dalam mencari bidang penelitian lebih lanjut, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan resolusi konflik di sekolah dasar
PENGINTEGRASIAN LITERASI DIGITAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BERBICARA BAGI GURU BAHASA
Authors: Drivoka Sulistyaningrum Siti , Iskandar Ifan , Dewanti Ratna
Published: March 2024

Literasi Digital merupakan salah satu literasi pada Abad Ke-21 yang dibutuhkan untuk berhasil menjadi warga dunia di era digital. Literasi digitalÂ dianggap sangat erat kaitannya dengan literasi dasar (kompetensi membaca, menulis, berhitung) yang merupakan bagian terpadu dalam Pendidikan.Â Tujuan penelitian ini menggali lebih dalam penerapan pengintegrasian literasi digital dalam pembelajaran berbicara bagi guru bahasa. Desain penelitian ini adalah analisis isi. Sumber data berupa enam RPP kelas XI dari 3 SMA negeri dan 3 SMA swasta di Jakarta yang diambil secara acak. Data berupa kata, frasa, dan kalimat yang mengandung indikator literasi digital yang diambil dari Rencana Persiapan Pembelajaran (RPP) dengan menggunakan indikator kerangka kerja kompetensi Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) dan deskriptorÂ Common European FrameworkÂ (CEFRÂ Bands) untuk menganalisis pembelajaran berbicara. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwaÂ Â dominasi indikator kompetensi TIK banyak ditemui pada levelÂ Knowledge AcquisitionÂ (KA) terintegrasi ke dalam RPP, khususnya pada komponen media pembelajaran, kegiatan, dan penilaian. Sementara untuk levelÂ Knowledge DeepeningÂ (KD) hanya ditemukan satu indikator yaitu menentukan aktivitas online yang tepat ke dalam rencana pembelajaran dan sumber belajar elektronik yang terintegrasi ke dalam RPP. Sedangkan pada levelÂ Knowledge CreationÂ (KC) ditemukan dua indikator kompetensi TIK terintegrasi kedalam RPP, yaitu penggunaan berbagai alat dan perangkat TIK untuk melakukan kegiatan membangun pengetahuan, penalaran, reflektif, dan komunikasi. Dan ketepatan penggunaan berbagai sumber web dalam mendukung pembelajaran berbasis projek. Hasil temuan kesesuaian Kompetensi Dasar dengan CEFR menunjukkan bahwa indikator /deskriptor CEFR yang terintegrasi ke dalam RPP berkisar pada rentangÂ Â A1 â€“ B1. Pengintegrasian literasi digital pada pembelajaran berbicara bahasa Inggris didominasi pada kompetensi akuisisi pengetahuan (Knowledge Acquisition) dan alat TIK yang digunakanÂ Powerpoint,Â YouTube,Â Zoom Cloud Meeting,WhatsApp group, danÂ QuipperÂ terintegrasi pada komponen RPP yaitu media, materi, kegiatan pembelajaran, dan penilaian.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL
Authors: Nofriyadi Rizki , Pratiwi Ika Ari , Setiawan Deka
Published: March 2024

Monotonous and conventional learning processes using lecture methods can cause low student learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the reality found at SD 3 Bae Kudus. Student learning outcomes are still low, from 19 students who reached KKM only 10 students (52.6%), while 9 students (47.4%) did not reach KKM. The problem in this research is how to improve teacher teaching skills, student learning activities, and improve student learning outcomes using Problem Based Learning assisted by audio visual media on the theme 1 of the beauty of the togetherness of PPKn and Bahasa Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to improve teacher teaching skills, student learning activities, and student learning outcomes using Problem Based Learning assisted by audio visual medi. This classroom action research will be carried out in the fourth grade of SD 3 Bae Kudus with research subjects of 19 students and teachers which lasted for 2 cycles, each cycle consisting of 2 meetings. The dependent variables in this study are teacher teaching skills, student learning activities, and student learning outcomes, while the independent variables in this study are audio visual media Problem Based Learning models. Data collection techniques include interview techniques, observation, tests, and documentation. Analysis of the data used is analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. The results showed that the learning outcomes of fourth graders at SD 03 Bae Kudus in learning Civics and Indonesian using a problem based learning model assisted by audio-visual media increased from pre-cycle to cycle I and cycle II. This can be proven from the average value of the pre-cycle class which only reached 66.96 with the percentage of classical learning completeness of 44.73%, in the first cycle the average value of the class increased to 71.83 with the percentage of classical learning completeness of 60, 52%, then in the second cycle the average value of the class increased very significantly to 82.75 with a classical completeness percentage of 92.1%. In conclusion, there was an increase in the learning outcomes of fourth graders at SD 03 Bae Kudus using the PBL model assisted by audio-visual media.Â Â
Natural History of Type 2 Diabetes in Indians: Time to Progression
Authors: Narayan K.M. Venkat , Kondal Dimple , Chang Howard H. , Mohan Deepa , Gujral Unjali P. , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Staimez Lisa R. , Patel Shivani A. , Ali Mohammed K. , Prabhakaran Dorairaj , Tandon Nikhil , Mohan Viswanathan
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

To describe the natural history of diabetes in Indians.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Data are from participants older than 20 years in the Centre for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia longitudinal study. Glycemic states were defined per American Diabetes Association criteria. Markov models were used to estimate annual transition probabilities and sojourn time through states.

RESULTS

Among 2,714 diabetes-free participants, 641 had isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG), and 341 had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The annual transition to diabetes for those with IGT was 13.9% (95% CI 12.0, 15.9) versus 8.6% (7.3, 9.8) for iIFG. In the normoglycemia ↔ iIFG → diabetes model, mean sojourn time in normoglycemia was 40.3 (34.6, 48.2) years, and sojourn time in iIFG was 9.7 (8.4, 11.4) years. For the normoglycemia ↔ IGT → diabetes model, mean sojourn time in normoglycemia was 34.5 (29.5, 40.8) years, and sojourn time in IGT was 6.1 (5.3, 7.1) years.

CONCLUSIONS

Individuals reside in normoglycemia for 35–40 years; however, progression from prediabetes to diabetes is rapid.
Empagliflozin ameliorates obesity-related cardiac dysfunction by regulating Sestrin2-mediated AMPK-mTOR signaling and redox homeostasis in high-fat induced obese mice
Authors: Admin Ada , Sun Xiaodong , Han Fang , Lu Qingguo , Li Xuan , Ren Di , Zhang Jingwen , Han Ying , Xiang Yang K. , Li Ji
Published: March 2024

Sodium
glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have favorable cardiovascular
outcomes in diabetic patients. However, whether SGLT2i can improve
obesity-related cardiac dysfunction is unknown. Sestrin2 is a novel
stress-inducible protein that regulates AMPK-mTOR and suppresses oxidative
damage. The aim of this study was to determine whether empagliflozin (EMPA)
improves obesity-related cardiac dysfunction via regulating Sestrin2-mediated pathways in diet-induced obesity. C57BL/6J
mice and Sestrin2 knockout mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12
weeks and then treated with or without EMPA (10 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Treating
HFD-fed C57BL/6J mice with EMPA reduced body weight, whole-body fat, and
improved metabolic disorders. Furthermore, EMPA improved myocardial hypertrophy/fibrosis
and cardiac function, and reduced cardiac fat accumulation and mitochondria
injury. Additionally, EMPA significantly augmented Sestrin2 levels, increased AMPK
and eNOS phosphorylation, but inhibited Akt and mTOR phosphorylation. These
beneficial effects were partially attenuated in HFD-fed Sestrin2
knockout mice. Intriguingly, EMPA treatment enhanced the Nrf2/HO-1-mediated
oxidative stress response, suggesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Thus, EMPA improved obesity-related cardiac dysfunction via regulating Sestrin2-mediated AMPK-mTOR signaling and maintaining
redox homeostasis. These findings provide a novel mechanism for the cardiovascular
protection of SGLT2i in obesity.
Characterization of the deformation behavior and microstructure evolution in laser bending of TC4 titanium alloy heavy plate
Authors: Shao Yulin , Liu Zhanzhou , Ding Haochen , Zhang Chi , Shao Zhiwen , Zhang Liwen
Published: March 2024

A new plastic processing method for laser bending of TC4 titanium alloy heavy plates was developed in this work. Different from previous studies, the thickness of the plates in this work reached 6 and 12 mm. High-energy laser beam was applied on the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy heavy plate, resulting in thermal stress on the surface of the plate and causing bending deformation. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the bended plates were investigated. A finite element model was also developed to simulate the laser-assisted bending process of the TC4 titanium alloy heavy plate. The microstructure observation indicates that the original α + β worm-like microstructure changed to basket-weave microstructure composed of α′ phase of acicular martensite after laser bending. This microstructure with high densities of dislocation and twinning played an important role in grain boundary strengthening. Therefore, the hardness of the center of the heat-affected zone > the hardness of the base metal > the hardness of the edge of the heat-affected zone after bending. The tensile strength of the heat-affected zone is not significantly different from that of the base metal, but the tensile elongation is slightly lower than that of the base metal and its plasticity is lower. The simulation implies that temperature gradients in the normal direction caused by laser scanning can stimulate a horizontal partial stress σx. The variation of σx causes the plate form a bending angle after laser scanning.
Influence of Climatic and Geographical Features of the Subjects of the Russian Federation on the Activities of Fire Departments
Authors: Streltsov O. V. , Bobrinev E. V. , Udavtsova E. Yu. , Kondashov A. A. , Ryumina S. I.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. When determining the number and technical equipment of fire departments, regulatory documents on fire safety do not take into account natural, climatic and geographical features of the subjects of the Russian Federation in an explicit form. At the same time, there is some information in scientific literature about the influence of certain natural and climatic factors on the effectiveness of fire protection actions in extinguishing fires. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the system of natural, climatic and geographical characteristics of the subjects of the Russian Federation on the rapid response indicators of territorial fire departments. The results obtained are recommended for further use in rationing the number and technical equipment of fire departments.

Materials and Methods. A factor analysis of statistical data for 2020–2022 was carried out. The statistical data were obtained from the Federal State Information System "Federal Database "Fires", from the website of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation and from other sources. For the analysis, the authors selected ten indicators characterizing natural, climatic and geographical features of the subjects of the Russian Federation, two indicators of the rapid response of territorial fire departments and four indicators of the fire situation.

Results. Five significant factors were identified, the change of which explained the change in the observed indicators. The first factor characterized the relationship of climatic conditions with fire situation indicators. The second factor connected the indicators of the rapid response of fire departments with the terrain features of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The third factor described the relationship between fire situation indicators and rapid response indicators with population density and forest cover of the territory. Other factors did not significantly contribute to the indicators of fire situation and rapid response.

Discussion and Conclusion. By means of mathematical analysis and factor modeling, the authors investigated the interdependence of natural, climatic and geographical features of the subjects of the Russian Federation, fire situation indicators and indicators of rapid response of fire departments. The most significant factors influencing these indicators were identified. They included the average air temperature, the area covered by forest, the presence of mountain ranges, and population density. These indicators should be taken into account when determining the number and technical equipment of fire departments to increase the efficiency of their functioning.
Determination of the Convergence of Intra-Laboratory Measurements of Dust Content on a Construction Site
Authors: Korol E. A. , Degaev E. N. , Pushenko S. L.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Intra-laboratory comparison tests play an important role in ensuring the quality and reliability of research outcomes in laboratories. These tests allow researchers to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of the methods they use in their work, as well as to identify potential sources of error and inconsistency. The results of these tests are shared with experts to confirm competence within the accreditation. Typically, comparison tests are carried out in laboratory conditions in a familiar and calm environment for the testers. However, when laboratories conduct research as part of a special assessment of working conditions (SAWC) they are required to conduct on-site comparisons at real-world facilities, where customers may unwittingly disrupt the process and directly affecting the quality of the measurements. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of on-site intra-laboratory comparison tests using the example of determining the dust content in a bricklayer's work environment on a construction site, and to determine the minimum number of measurements necessary and sufficient for this purpose.

Materials and Methods. To determine the dustiness of the bricklayer's workplace, a weighing method was used. This involved collecting dust on filters and then weighing them to determine the concentration. The quality assessment of intra-laboratory tests was conducted in accordance with GOST R ISO 5725-1-2002 "Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results. Part 1. General principles and definitions".

Results. At the bricklayer's workplace, a 1.6-fold excess of the one-time maximum permissible dust concentration was detected. The average dust concentration at the workplace under study was: Kp2 = 9.57 ± 0.81 mg/m3, the convergence of the results obtained was r = 8.68 %, the relative error δ = 8.50 %. It was revealed that the maximum allowable difference between the results of the two tests was 0.84 mg/m3. The difference in direct measurements of the mass of the two samples should be no more than 0.1 mg.

Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained demonstrated the possibility of conducting a minimum number of measurements that, under reproducible conditions, are considered satisfactory and could be provided to experts for confirming the competence of the laboratory. As part of a special assessment of working conditions, employees of the object under study are recommended to use personal respiratory protection equipment that offers protection against highly dispersed dust particles.
Determination of Sulfur Content in Mineral Mass for Prediction of Hazardous Properties of Coal Mine Seams
Authors: Pronskaya N. V. , Filatieva E. N. , Filatiev M. V. , Shashlo N. V.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Sulfur is found in the organic and mineral parts of all types of solid fuels, and its concentration determines the extent of the hazardous characteristics of mine seams. Therefore, research on the determination of sulfur content in fossil fuels has not lost its relevance. The total sulfur content and its varieties has been studied in most cases in terms of the efficiency of fuel processing processes, the quality and environmental safety of coal products. Less attention was paid to the hazardous properties of mine seams, forecasting and developing preventive measures for endogenous fires in coal mines. This work aims to develop an engineering method to calculate the elemental sulfur content in the mineral mass of coal to predict the hazardous properties of mine seams.

Materials and Methods. According to the results of the correlation analysis, we established how the sulfur content in the combustible part of the fuel depended on the total sulfur. We analyzed data on coals from almost all mine seams of the Donetsk and Lviv-Volyn coal basins. We presented the ash ratios for the formation and basin samples, as well as the information about the total sulfur and sulfur content in the combustible part. This allowed us to estimate the sulfur content in mineral impurities by calculation. The initial data for developing the method were taken from reference and regulatory documents.

Results. Seven sets were considered, which included from 149 to 1827 mine seams. For each, reference and calculation data were summarized:- sulfur content — total (Std) and in the combustible part of the fuel (Sг);- conditional points for adjusting the indicators to avoid obtaining negative average values;- empirical equations that describe the calculated and corrected dependencies based on the ratio of Std and Sг;- correlation of these indicators;- ranges of change in ash yield.All this information was presented for clean and raw coals, for ash yields of more and less than 10%. In one case, satisfactory results were noted for determining the calculated sulfur content in a conditionally non-combustible mass. This was a set of 149 mine layers. For 13 of them, the difference in indicators (Std – Sг) was greater than or equal to zero. For 136 — less than zero. For 81, the sulfur content in the conditionally non-combustible part of the fuel Sн was less than zero. At the same time, there was a sufficient level of correlation (0.79) and a limited range of changes in ash yield (2.4–10). The empirical equation corresponding to this set was recommended for predicting the hazardous properties of mine seams with an ash yield of less than 10%.

Discussion and Conclusion. The results of this study can be used to improve regulations for the safe conduct of mining activities, taking into account sulfur content in organic matter and in mineral impurities of fossil coal.
Methodology for Determining the Parameters of a Mathematical Model of the Dynamics of the Psychophysiological State of a Metallurgical Equipment Operator
Authors: Vishnevsky D. A. , Podlipenskaya L. E. , Denisova N. A. , Bondar N. A.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Mathematical modelling is effective in the analysis of industrial safety at metallurgical plants, in particular for tracking problems of the man — machine system. To introduce the time factor, recurrence relations (in a discrete model) and differential relations (in a continuous model) are used. However, it is also necessary to solve the problem of linking the model parameters to the real conditions of the production environment and to the human factor.

The aim of this study is to create a method for determining the parameters of simulation mathematical models of the dynamics of the operator’s psychophysiological indicators affecting the work.

Materials and Methods. The operator’s psychophysiological state (PPS) was assessed by performance, fatigue levels, and error rate. The data were collected by the Digital Correction Task (DCT) test. Based on the obtained results, the experimental values of the operator’s PPS indicators, which were reduced to the normalized scale [0, 1], were calculated. These indicators for a particular respondent, the mathematical model and the developed algorithm were used to determine the numerical values of the model parameters. In order to interpret the indicators of performance, fatigue and error rate, we introduced scales with five gradations.

Results. The use of the authors’ modified version of the mathematical model showed a significant improvement in its prognostic properties. Out of 10 participants the best result was shown by respondent no. 7, the worst result was shown by respondent no. 8. During the first working hour (from 9.00 to 10.00) their performance increased almost equally, from 0.5–0.55 to almost 0.6. Then the score of respondent no. 7 increased and remained well above the “good” level until the end of the day. The score of respondent no. 8 dropped and was below average from 14.00 to 15.00. The difference was largely determined by the operators’ chronotypes. Their chronophysiological characteristics also affected fatigue and error rate. The model’s quality varied for different participants in the experiments. In one case it was excellent (mean relative error ≤5%), in three cases it was good (≤10%) and in four it was satisfactory (≤15%).

Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed approach allows us to obtain the dynamic profiles of psychophysiological characteristics for every individual, to assess their interrelationships and to perform a prediction on the basis of a modified mathematical model. However, in order to extend the functionality of the models to the real working conditions of the metallurgical plant operator, it is necessary to increase the sample size, reduce the discrete time step and conduct studies for different working conditions, considering technological, climatic, environmental, psychological and other factors.
Stimulation of the Bainite Transformation Scenario by an External Magnetic Field
Authors: Dolgachev Yu. V. , Pustovoit V. N. , Nefedov D. V.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. It makes practical sense to change the properties of steels with a bainite structure, as with bainite transformation under the influence of a magnetic field, it is possible to improve the ductility of the steel while maintaining or even increasing its strength. Scientific research in this area has focused on the influence of the magnetic field on thermodynamics and on the change in the phase transformation scenario. However, there is no detailed description in open sources of the effect of a magnetic field on the structure and properties of the products of intermediate bainite transformation. The aim of the work is to study the peculiarities of the influence of an external magnetic field on the scenario and kinetics of phase transformation of steel.

Materials and Methods. The study was conducted using samples made of 65G steel. Their chemical composition was monitored using a Magellan Q8 optical emission spectrometer. Heat treatment (resistive heating) was carried out in an IMASH 20–75 installation for high-temperature research. The heating temperature was approximately 1000 degrees 1000°C, and the holding time was 10 minutes. The sample was cooled down using water-cooled electrical contacts. An external magnetic field with a strength of 400 kA/m and 800 kA/m was created by an electromagnet integrated into the vacuum chamber of the installation.

Results. The experiments confirmed the potential for altering the transformation pathway from pearlite into bainite in the presence of an external magnetic field of up to 1 MA/m. Images of the microstructure and surface relief of samples after cooling in a magnetic field were obtained. Kinetic changes and dependencies of the volumetric transformation rates on the duration of isothermal exposure were analyzed. It has been found that exposure to a constant magnetic field of 1.6 MA/m increased the volumetric transformation rate by 1.808 times (for 65G steel) and by 1.687 times (for 45H steel).

Discussion and Conclusion. The results of observations of changes in the surface relief during cooling in the absence of a magnetic field, and in magnetic fields of various strengths, were recorded. This has allowed us to draw the conclusion that the external magnetic field stimulates the bainitic transformation instead of the original pearlitic one. Microstructural changes can be explained by the influence of the magnetic field on the initial phase magnetic state.
Sudden infant death syndrome as a result of thymic-lymphatic dysgenesis
Authors: Mussabekova Saule Amangeldievna , Burkova Elena Igorevna , Dobler Kristina Ergardovna , Muldasheva Balzhan Smailovna , Atmtaev Zhan Zhumagulovich
Published: March 2024

Sudden infant death syndrome is one of the leading causes of post-neonatal mortality. The thymic-lymphatic condition in children is a clinically rare manifestation and difficult to diagnose condition, assessed as a background, realized in a number of cases of sudden death syndrome. However, the clinical and histopathological manifestations of thymic-lymphatic status may not be clearly expressed. We present an unusual case of sudden infant death syndrome as a result of thymic-lymphatic dysgenesis complicated by acute adrenal insufficiency.
Relationship between coronavirus anxiety, resilience, and attitudes toward complementary and alternative treatment among patients admitted

to the COVID-19 Outpatient Clinic
Authors: Karakoyun Ahmet , Bahadır Yılmaz Emel , Yüksel Arzu
Published: March 2024

Aim: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the studies showed an increase in complementary and alternative therapy use. This study aimed to determine the relationship between coronavirus anxiety, resilience, and attitudes toward complementary and alternative treatment among patients admitted to the COVID-19 outpatient clinic.

Material and methods: This is a descriptive and relational study. The sample consisted of 364 patients who applied to the pandemic outpatient clinic of a training and research hospital in Turkey. Data were collected using the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Brief Resilience Scale, and Scale for Attitudes toward Complementary and Alternative Medicine. The Mann–Whitney U test, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the Spearman correlation test were used in data analysis.

Results: There was a moderate and negative correlation (r = −0.332) between attitudes toward complementary and alternative medicine and coronavirus anxiety, and a moderate and positive correlation (r = 0.348) between attitudes toward complementary and alternative medicine and resilience (p < 0.01). Additionally, there was a moderate and negative correlation between coronavirus anxiety and resilience (r = −0.667; p < 0.01).

Conclusion: In the COVID-19 pandemic process, it is essential to follow up on patients' complementary and alternative medicine use, inform them, and determine their causes.
High-risk human papillomaviruses l1 gene isolates identified in Western Kazakhstan
Authors: Balmagambetova Saule K. , Zholdybayeva Elena V. , Zavalennaya Oxana V. , Amanzholkyzy Ainur , Kononets Victoria I. , Zharmakhanova Gulmira M. , Mussin Nadiar M. , Zhamaliyeva Lazzat M. , Kereyeva Nurgul M.
Published: March 2024

Kazakhstani researchers reported a significant prevalence of highly carcinogenic human papillomavirus types in the country.

The article aimed to present HPV L1 gene sequencing developments in women affected with cervical cancer throughout the western part of Kazakhstan with provided findings on the geographic pathways of obtained isolates.

Methods. The HPV L1 gene was amplified using the consensus primers MY09HPV 5’-CGTCCMARRGGAWACTGATC-3’ and MY11HPV 5’ – GCMCAGGGWCATAAYAATGG-3’.  The purified DNA was used as the target for direct nucleotide sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using the MegAlign program from the LASERGENE software package (version 6.0; DNA star, Madison, WI) and with MEGA version 5.0 software. A multiple alignment was created through Clustal W software, and the neighbor-joining method was used to construct the phylogenetic tree.

Results. Of 70 HPV samples transported to the Astana shared laboratory for gene L1 sequencing, only ten appeared fit to obtain isolates (14.3%). The viral load of the samples ranged from 3.3 to 8.2, and the range of DNA concentration was from 8.16 to 69.6 ng/uL. HPV16 unique Kazakhstani isolate from Aktobe, having its own branch, and not yet registered in the world genebank, was revealed. An isolate of potentially carcinogenic HPV53 forming a remote cluster with KF436822/1, KU951264.1 - Southwest China, and 97% identity with EU056643.1 - Ireland, and acted as a single agent for invasive cervical cancer was identified.

In general, the sequencing findings indicate the variety of ways for HPV pervasion into the western region of Kazakhstan: North and South America, Europe, and Asia.

The study was recorded in the ISRCTN registry, No. 7154910, 02/01/2018.
Examination of the effects of primary dysmenorrhea on daily life of young women and treatment approaches
Authors: Çuvadar Ayşe , Karamelikli Elnaz
Published: March 2024

Aim: Dysmenorrhea is a condition characterized by pain during or before menstruation. This study aims to investigate how dysmenorrhea affects the quality of life of young women and explore effective treatment approaches.

Methods: The research data in descriptive and cross-sectional types were collected using a personal information form containing students' socio-demographic characteristics and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). A total of 336 students diagnosed with dysmenorrhea and willing to participate in the study were included.

Results: The mean VAS scale score used to determine the severity of dysmenorrhea in the participants was 6.51±2.10. Among the participants who chose Complementary and Alternative Treatment (CAT), 81.8% preferred lying down for rest, and 72.9% opted for applying heat to the abdomen. A statistically significant difference was found in the use of analgesics and CAT methods for dysmenorrhea control based on a family history of dysmenorrhea and the impact of dysmenorrhea on daily life (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that dysmenorrhea can impact the daily lives of young women and highlights the utilization of various treatment methods. Analgesic medication and TAT methods are commonly preferred for managing this condition. Future research could provide further insights into dysmenorrhea management and aid in developing more effective strategies to improve the quality of life for young women.
Annual distribution of body donation application rates in Istanbul, Türkiye
Authors: Ertaş Ahmet , Coşkun Osman , Doğancı Özge Irmak , Gürses İlke Ali
Published: March 2024

Objectives: Body donation is infrequent in Türkiye. Therefore, understanding body donation behavior becomes vital for managing existing awareness activities. Studies on donor profiles and motivations provide valuable data that could be used to shape the content of awareness activities. The timing of awareness activities is also important for increasing the effectiveness. Although annual differences in donation registrations have been reported, studies investigating the monthly changes within a calendar year are limited. This study aimed to investigate the official records of two departments of anatomy in Istanbul for outlining the monthly changes of body donation registrations. Methods: The official records of 450 body donors who registered between 2012 and 2019 to the body donation programs of two departments of anatomy were evaluated. Annual and monthly registration numbers were recorded and analyzed. Results: For the 2012-2019 period, 154 female (34.2%) and 296 male (65.8%) donors were registered to both programs. In general, the registrations were more frequent in May, November and December (χ2=51.28; p<0.001). Interestingly, female donors preferred to register in May, June, November, and December (χ2=40.961; p<0.001), while males preferred to register in March, April, May, September, and December (χ2=24.757; p=0.01). Conclusion: Currently, existing awareness activities in Türkiye are organized at the end of October which falls just before the Autumn peak of donor registrations. Therefore, planning awareness activities prior to the Spring peak might contribute to a more focused conduct of body donation awareness in Türkiye.
Op. Dr. İlhami Güneral (1914–2006), author and illustrator of the first original dissection manual in Turkish and his contributions to anatomy
Authors: Gürses İlke Ali
Published: March 2024

Objectives: İlhami Güneral was a Turkish physician and surgeon whose contributions to anatomy education and medical illustration remained under-appreciated until this day. This study aims to outline his achievements throughout his career and acknowledge his unreported contributions to anatomical sciences in Türkiye. Methods: A series of interviews were conducted with his surviving family, relatives, and friends. Additional documents were also collected from various national and international institutions. Results: İlhami Güneral was born in 1914 in Anadolu Kavağı, İstanbul. He attended İstanbul University Faculty of Medicine and graduated in 1942. Upon graduation, he published his first book titled “Diseksiyon Atlası” which he also illustrated himself. His illustrations were later used in Prof. Dr. Zeki Zeren’s dissection handbook published in 1953. He visited and worked with renowned neuropathologist Philipp Schwartz between 1958 and 1960 in Warren, Pennsylvania. During his stay, he co-constructed a detachable “Transparent Brain Model” for teaching brain anatomy which was awarded with the Billings Gold Medal at the 109th Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association. After his return to Türkiye, he published his final illustrated anatomy atlas in 1972, the “Atlas Cerebri Humani”. He spent the remaining days of his life in his long standing home in Ödemiş, İzmir, as a private physician and surgeon. He was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 1993, and passed away due to his illness in 2006. Conclusion: This interesting and unique dramatis persona is the author and illustrator of the first original dissection manual printed in Turkish.