bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of spring parameters by using the Bees algorithm for the foldable wing mechanism
Authors: Sahin Murat , Kulunk Zafer
Published: December 2022

In this study, the design of the torsion and compression springs of the foldable wing mechanism used in the missile is considered an optimization problem. After the missile leaves the tube, the wings waiting in a closed state must be opened and fixed within a specific time. The study it is aimed to maximize the energy stored by the springs so that the wing can be opened in a minimum time. In this context, the energy equation in both publications is defined as the objective function in the optimization process. Wire diameter, coiling diameter, coiling number, and deflection parameters required for spring design were determined as optimization variables. There are geometrical constraints for the variables due to the dimensions of the mechanism and there are also safety factor constraints due to the loads to which the springs are exposed. The Bees Algorithm (BA) was used to solve this optimization problem and perform the spring design. The energy values obtained with BA were better than the values obtained with the Design of Experiment (DOE) study before. The springs and mechanism designed with the parameters obtained from the optimization were first analyzed in the ADAMS program. Afterward, experimental tests carried out by integrating the produced springs into the actual mechanism. As a result of the tests, it was observed that the wing opened at approximately 90 ms. This value is well below the project target of 200 ms. In addition, there is only a 16 ms difference between the analysis and the experimental results.
Auto-correlations of microscopic density fluctuations for Yukawa fluids in the generalized hydrodynamics framework with viscoelastic effects
Authors: Dhaka Ankit , Subhash P. V. , Bandyopadhyay P. , Sen A.
Published: December 2022

The present work develops a theoretical procedure for obtaining transport coefficients of Yukawa systems from density fluctuations. The dynamics of Yukawa systems are described in the framework of the generalized hydrodynamic (GH) model that incorporates strong coupling and visco-elastic memory effects by using an exponentially decaying memory function in time. A hydrodynamic matrix for such a system is exactly derived and then used to obtain an analytic expression for the density autocorrelation function (DAF)—a marker of the time dynamics of density fluctuations. The present approach is validated against a DAF obtained from numerical data of Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of a dusty plasma system that is a practical example of a Yukawa system. The MD results and analytic expressions derived from the model equations are then used to obtain various transport coefficients and the latter are compared with values available in the literature from other models. The influence of strong coupling and visco-elastic effects on the transport parameters are discussed. Finally, the utility of our calculations for obtaining reliable estimates of transport coefficients from experimentally determined DAF is pointed out.
Pullulanase with high temperature and low pH optima improved starch saccharification efficiency
Authors: Niu Dandan , Cong Huihui , Zhang Yanan , Mchunu Nokuthula Peace , Wang Zheng-Xiang
Published: December 2022

Pullulanase, a starch debranching enzyme, is required for the preparation of high glucose/maltose syrup from starch. In order to expand its narrow reaction conditions and improve its application value, Bacillus naganoensis pullulanase (PulA) was mutated by site-directed mutagenesis and the biochemical characteristics of the mutants were studied. The mutant PulA-N3 with mutations at asparagine 467, 492 and 709 residues was obtained. It displayed the activity maximum at 60 °C and pH 4.5 and exceeded 90% activities between 45 and 60 °C and from pH 4.0 to pH 5.5, which was improved greatly compared with wild-type PulA. Its thermostability and acidic pH stability were also remarkably improved. Its catalytic rate (kcat/Vmax) was 2.76 times that of PulA. In the preparation of high glucose syrup, the DX (glucose content, %) values of glucose mediated by PulA-N3 and glucoamylase reached 96.08%, which were 0.82% higher than that of PulA. In conclusion, a new pullulanase mutant PulA-N3 was successfully developed, which has high debranching activity in a wide range of temperature and pH, thereby paving the way for highly efficient starch saccharification.
A soft sensing method of billet surface temperature based on ILGSSA-LSSVM
Authors: Liu Jun , Yang Luying , Nan Xinhao , Liu Yifan , Hou Qingming , Lan Kun , Yang Feng
Published: December 2022

It is difficult to measure the surface temperature of continuous casting billet, which results in the lack of important feedback parameters for further scientific control of the billet quality. This paper proposes a sparrow search algorithm to optimize the Least Square Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) model for surface temperature prediction of the billet, which is further improved by Logistic Chaotic Mapping and Golden Sine Algorithm (Improve Logistic Golden Sine Sparrow Search Algorithm LSSVM, short name ILGSSA-LSSVM). Using the Improved Logistic Chaos Mapping and Golden Sine Algorithm to find the optimal initial sparrow population, the value of penalty factor $$\gamma$$
γ
and kernel parameter $$\sigma$$
σ
for LSSVM are calculated. Global optimization method is adopted to find the optimal parameter combination, so that the negative influence of randomly initializing parameters on the prediction accuracy would be reduced. Our proposed ILGSSA-LSSVM soft sensing model is compared respectively with traditional Least Square Support Vector Machine, BP neural network and Gray Wolf optimized Least Square Support Vector Machine, results show that proposed model outperformed the others. Experiments show that the maximum error of ILGSA-LSSVM soft sensing model is 3.85733 °C, minimum error is 0.0174 °C, average error is 0.05805 °C, and generally outperformed other comparison models.
Analysis of merged transcriptomic and genomic datasets to identify genes and pathways underlying residual feed intake in growing pigs
Authors: Ibragimov Emil , Pedersen Anni Øyan , Xiao Liang , Cirera Susanna , Fredholm Merete , Karlskov-Mortensen Peter
Published: December 2022

Improvement of feed efficiency (FE) in pigs is an important milestone in order to reduce the economic and environmental impact of pig production. The goal of finding biomarkers for FE has persisted for decades. However, due to the complexity of the FE trait, these goals have still not been met. Here, we search for quantitative trait loci (QTL), candidate genes, and biological pathways associated with FE using both genotype and RNA-seq data. We obtained genotype and colon epithelium RNA-seq data for 375 and 96 pigs, respectively. In total, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and differential expression (DE) analysis led to detection of three QTL on SSC9 and 17 DE-genes associated with FE. Possible intersection points between genes located in QTL and DE-genes were found on levels of transcription factor-target interaction. Moreover, cis-eQTL analysis revealed associations between genotype and expression levels of three DE-genes and three genes located in the GWAS QTLs, which may establish the connection between genotype and phenotype through DE. Finally, single nucleotide polymorphism calling using RNA-seq data for genes located in GWAS QTLs revealed 53 polymorphisms of which eleven were missense variants.
Water motion and pH jointly impact the availability of dissolved inorganic carbon to macroalgae
Authors: James Rebecca K. , Hepburn Christopher D. , Pritchard Daniel , Richards Derek K. , Hurd Catriona L.
Published: December 2022

The supply of dissolved inorganic carbon to seaweeds is a key factor regulating photosynthesis. Thinner diffusive boundary layers at the seaweed surface or greater seawater carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations increase CO2 supply to the seaweed surface. This may benefit seaweeds by alleviating carbon limitation either via an increased supply of CO2 that is taken up by passive diffusion, or via the down-regulation of active carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) that enable the utilization of the abundant ion bicarbonate (HCO3−). Laboratory experiments showed that a 5 times increase in water motion increases DIC uptake efficiency in both a non-CCM (Hymenena palmata, Rhodophyta) and CCM (Xiphophora gladiata, Phaeophyceae) seaweed. In a field survey, brown and green seaweeds with active-CCMs maintained their CCM activity under diverse conditions of water motion. Whereas red seaweeds exhibited flexible photosynthetic rates depending on CO2 availability, and species switched from a non-CCM strategy in wave-exposed sites to an active-CCM strategy in sheltered sites where mass transfer of CO2 would be reduced. 97–99% of the seaweed assemblages at both wave-sheltered and exposed sites consisted of active-CCM species. Variable sensitivities to external CO2 would drive different responses to increasing CO2 availability, although dominance of the CCM-strategy suggests this will have minimal impact within shallow seaweed assemblages.
New insights into the antibacterial mode of action of quercetin against uropathogen Serratia marcescens in-vivo and in-vitro
Authors: Kannan Suganya , Balakrishnan Jeyakumar , Govindasamy Ambujam , Arunagiri R.
Published: December 2022

In the course of a quest for therapeutic agents inhibiting uropathogens, the rise and universal blowout of antibiotic-resistant organisms is a wide problem. To overcome this matter, exploration of alternative antimicrobials is necessary. The antimicrobial potential of quercetin has been widely described against some pathogenic microorganisms, but to the best of our knowledge, no report exists against the pathogenicity of uropathogenic Serratia marcescens. Hence, the present study focused on the antibacterial mechanism of action of quercetin, a flavonoid against the uropathogen Serratia marcescens. Quercetin was evaluated for its anti-QS activity, and the attained outcomes showed that quercetin inhibited QS-mediated virulence factors such as biofilm formation, exopolysaccharides, swarming motility and prodigiosin in Serratia marcescens. The proposed mechanism of action of quercetin greatly influences cell metabolism and extracellular polysaccharide synthesis and damages the cell membrane, as revealed through global metabolome profiling. In vivo experiments revealed that treatment with quercetin prolonged the life expectancy of infected Caenorhabditis elegans and reduced the colonization of Serratia marcescens. Hence, the current study reveals the use of quercetin as a probable substitute for traditional antibiotics in the treatment of uropathogen infections driven by biofilms.
Interfacial properties of SiCf/SiC minicomposites with a scheelite coating
Authors: Ni Na , Wu Binbin , Shi Yinchun , Fan Xiaohui , Li Chuanwei
Published: December 2022

Unidirectional SiCf/SiC minicomposite with a scheelite (CaWO4) interphase coating was fabricated through the precursor infiltration and pyrolysis method. Fractography of the SiCf/SiC minicomposites indicated that weak fiber/matrix bonding can be provided by the CaWO4 interphase. Furthermore, interfacial debonding stress of SiCf/CaWO4/SiC minicomposite was evaluated through the fiber push-out test, and estimated to be 80.7 ± 4.6 MPa. In-situ tensile SEM observation of SiCf/CaWO4/SiC minicomposite after oxidation at 1000–1100 °C was carried out, and thermal compatibility between CaWO4 interphase coating and SiC fiber or matrix after heat treatment at 1300 °C was investigated.
Computational mass spectrometry accelerates C = C position-resolved untargeted lipidomics using oxygen attachment dissociation
Authors: Uchino Haruki , Tsugawa Hiroshi , Takahashi Hidenori , Arita Makoto
Published: December 2022

Mass spectrometry-based untargeted lipidomics has revealed the lipidome atlas of living organisms at the molecular species level. Despite the double bond (C = C) position being a crucial factor in biological system, the C = C defined structures have not yet been characterized comprehensively. Here, we present an approach for C = C position-resolved untargeted lipidomics using a combination of oxygen attachment dissociation and computational mass spectrometry to increase the annotation rate. We validated the accuracy of our platform as per the authentic standards of 85 lipids and the biogenic standards of 52 molecules containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from the cultured cells fed with various fatty acid-enriched media. By analyzing human and mice-derived samples, we characterized 648 unique lipids with the C = C position-resolved level encompassing 24 lipid subclasses defined by LIPIDMAPS. Our platform also illuminated the unique profiles of tissue-specific lipids containing n-3 and/or n-6 very long-chain PUFAs (carbon $$\ge$$
≥
28 and double bonds $$\ge$$
≥
4) in the eye, testis, and brain of the mouse.
Joint structural annotation of small molecules using liquid chromatography retention order and tandem mass spectrometry data
Authors: Bach Eric , Schymanski Emma L. , Rousu Juho
Published: December 2022

Structural annotation of small molecules in biological samples remains a key bottleneck in untargeted metabolomics, despite rapid progress in predictive methods and tools during the past decade. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, one of the most widely used analysis platforms, can detect thousands of molecules in a sample, the vast majority of which remain unidentified even with best-of-class methods. Here we present LC-MS2Struct, a machine learning framework for structural annotation of small-molecule data arising from liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS2) measurements. LC-MS2Struct jointly predicts the annotations for a set of mass spectrometry features in a sample, using a novel structured prediction model trained to optimally combine the output of state-of-the-art MS2scorers and observed retention orders. We evaluate our method on a dataset covering all publicly available reversed-phase LC-MS2data in the MassBank reference database, including 4,327 molecules measured using 18 different LC conditions from 16 contributors, greatly expanding the chemical analytical space covered in previous multi-MS2scorer evaluations. LC-MS2Struct obtains significantly higher annotation accuracy than earlier methods and improves the annotation accuracy of state-of-the-art MS2scorers by up to 106%. The use of stereochemistry-aware molecular fingerprints improves prediction performance, which highlights limitations in existing approaches and has strong implications for future computational LC-MS2developments.
Recent advances in theoretical attosecond chemistry
Authors: Ferté Anthony , Vacher Morgane
Published: December 2022

In 2001, the first attosecond pulses were generated. Their application to molecules gave birth to the field of “attosecond chemistry” or in short “attochemistry”. The emergence of attosecond measurement tools has opened up the possibility to observe and control electrons in molecules, on their intrinsic timescale. Because of the time-energy uncertainty principle, attosecond or sub-femtosecond pulses have a large spectral bandwidth and can excite coherently several electronic states, i.e. electronic wavepackets. The latter are non-stationary and undergo pure electron dynamics called charge migration. Challenges faced in the application of theoretical methods to electron and coupled nuclear dynamics in molecules using attosecond technology has stimulated the development of novel computational approaches. In this Chapter, we report recent theoretical works investigating the application of attosecond science to polyatomic molecules. In particular, we discuss the photoionisation dynamics, the electron dynamics of electronic wavepackets notably the induced symmetry breaking, the electronic decoherence caused by nuclear motion but also the search for long-lived electronic coherence and electronic recoherence, the experimental observations of electron dynamics, and finally the charge-directed-reactivity, i.e. the nuclear dynamics induced by electronic wavepackets.
An online internal standard technique for high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS)
Authors: Narukawa Tomohiro , Suzuki Toshihiro , Okabayashi Satoki , Chiba Koichi
Published: December 2022

An online internal standard addition technique for high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was designed for arsenic analysis.
Effects of surface patterning and topography on the cellular functions of tissue engineered scaffolds with special reference to 3D bioprinting
Authors: Adhikari Jaideep , Roy Avinava , Chanda Amit , D. A. Gouripriya , Thomas Sabu , Ghosh Manojit , Kim Jinku , Saha Prosenjit
Published: December 2022

The extracellular matrix architecture of tissue organs inspires scaffold designing that utilizes hierarchical structures, geometrical patterns, and tunable topographies to mimic the biophysical and biochemical functions of the host environment.
Halogenation as a novel scheme for enhanced photocatalytic activity in AlSb monolayers: a first-principles study
Authors: Shahriar Rifat , Hoque Khondker Shihabul , Zubair Ahmed
Published: December 2022

The novel scheme of halogenating an AlSb monolayer was proposed to enhance photocatalytic activity. The calculated solar-to-hydrogen efficiency was high with low barrier height in the Gibbs free energy profile and favorable band alignment.
Estimations of NOxemissions, NO2lifetime and their temporal variation over three British urbanised regions in 2019 using TROPOMI NO2observations
Authors: Pommier Matthieu
Published: December 2022

The TROPOMI observations allow estimating the annual total NOxemission and the mean NO2lifetime over three British urban areas experiencing NO2pollution, to study the weekday–weekend effect and their seasonal variation.
Analysis of environmental sustainability of Cameroon tea production: an LCA study
Authors: Tiegam Tagne Rufis Fregue , Ncube Amos , Kenfack Atangana Junie Albine , Tchuifon Tchuifon Donald Raoul , Ateba Francois Rene , Azambou Ivane Christelle
Published: December 2022

Tea has received a lot of attention over the past few decades as the second most consumed beverage in the world after water.
Designing an energy efficient, economically feasible, and environmentally robust integrated farming system model for sustainable food production in the Indian Himalayas
Authors: Babu Subhash , Das Anup , Singh Raghavendra , Mohapatra K. P. , Kumar Sanjeev , Rathore Sanjay Singh , Yadav Sanjay K. , Yadav Poonam , Ansari M. A. , Panwar A. S. , Wani Owais Ali , Singh Mahak , Ravishankar N. , Layek Jayanta , Chandra Puran , Singh Vinod K.
Published: December 2022

The complimentary integration of different enterprises recycled farm waste efficiently and increased the food production and eco-efficiency considerably besides reducing the greenhouse gasses intensity (GHGI) over the existing production system.
Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) fortified functional foods ameliorate iron and protein malnutrition by improving growth and modulating oxidative stress and gut microbiota in rats
Authors: Kumar Raman , Sharma Vinesh , Das Sampa , Patial Vikram , Srivatsan Vidyashankar
Published: December 2022

Spirulina fortified food products were developed for nutrition programs targeting children of 3 to 10 years old. Feeding fortified foods promoted recovery from iron and protein deficiency, reduced oxidative stress and improved gut microflora in rats.
Facile synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles for enhanced removal of malachite green dye from an aqueous environment
Authors: Borgohain Xavy , Das Emee , Rashid Md. Harunar
Published: December 2022

We present a co-precipitation approach for the synthesis of smaller-sized CeO2 nanoparticles for enhanced removal of malachite green dye from water.
The effect of aliphatic chain length on the self-assembly of wedge-shaped cesium 3,4,5-tris(alkyloxy)benzenesulfonates
Authors: Stupnikov A. A. , Bakirov A. V. , Shcherbina M. A. , Beginn U. , Möller M. , Chvalun S. N.
Published: December 2022

Temperature induced order–disorder transition in hexagonal columnar mesophase formed by 3,4,5-tris(alkyloxy)benzenesulfonates results in 30% diameter change due to ion channel closure opening the way to ion selective temperature controlled membranes.
Molecule superstructures for computer-aided molecular and process design
Authors: Rehner Philipp , Schilling Johannes , Bardow André
Published: December 2022

A molecular design approach that incorporates the structural information of molecules to unlock property models beyond group contribution methods.
Cytotoxicity of mini gold nanorods: intersection with extracellular vesicles
Authors: Nunes Ábner Magalhães , Falagan-Lotsch Priscila , Roslend Ayman , Meneghetti Mario Roberto , Murphy Catherine Jones
Published: December 2022

Mini-gold nanorods are taken up by cells but are not exported through exosomes.
A lipid membrane supported on an artificial extracellular matrix made of polyelectrolyte multilayers: towards nanoarchitectonics at the cellular interface
Authors: Vikulina Anna , Wulf Alena , Guday Guy , Fakhrullin Rawil , Volodkin Dmitry
Published: December 2022

This study reports assembly of tailor-made nanostructured biomaterial – artificial 3D cellular microenvironment via deposition of a lipid bilayer (as the cellular membrane) on the top of a biopolymer multilayer cushion (as the extracellular matrix).
Threshold switching in nickel-doped zinc oxide based memristor for artificial sensory applications
Authors: Khan Rajwali , Rehman Naveed Ur , Ilyas Nasir , Sfina Nourreddine , Barhoumi Mohamed , Khan Alamzeb , Althubeiti Khaled , Otaibi Sattam Al , Iqbal Shahid , Rahman Nasir , Sohail Mohammad , Ullah Asad , Del Rosso Tommaso , Zaman Quaid , Ali Khan Abid , Abdullaev Sherzod Sh. , Khan Aurangzeb
Published: December 2022

The human body's nociceptor system and an artificial nociceptor circuit (threshold switch) based on memristors.
Highly efficient synthesis of C3-heteroaryl 3-fluorooxindoles via a one-pot stepwise Ce(iii)/photoassisted cross-dehydrogenative coupling/fluorooxidation process
Authors: Zhang Letian , He Jiajun , Shen Jiabin , Xu Hao , Zhu Dancheng , Shen Chao
Published: December 2022

A one-pot stepwise strategy has been developed to afford C3-heteroaryl 3-fluorooxindoles via a Ce(iii)/photoassisted cross-dehydrogenative coupling/fluorooxidation process in moderate-to-good yields with excellent functional group compatibility.
Microwave-assisted synthesis, molecular docking studies of 1,2,3-triazole-based carbazole derivatives as antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer agents
Authors: Ashok Dongamanti , Thara Gugulothu , Kumar Bhukya Kiran , Srinivas Gundu , Ravinder Dharavath , Vishnu Thumma , Sarasija Madderla , Sushmitha Bujji
Published: December 2022

Easy and approachable synthesis. Conventional and microwave irradiational methods. 21 examples.In vitroantimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. Molecular docking studies.
Visible-light-driven proton reduction for semi-hydrogenation of alkynesviaorganophotoredox/manganese dual catalysis
Authors: Wang Xiao-Yu , He Yong-Qin , Wang Mei , Zhou Yi , Li Na , Song Xian-Rong , Zhou Zhao-Zhao , Tian Wan-Fa , Xiao Qiang
Published: December 2022

An unprecedented protocol of visible-light-driven, organophotoredox/Mn dual catalyzed proton reduction for stereoselective semi-hydrogenation of alkynes is established.
Process intensification of dendritic fibrous nanospheres of silica (DFNS) via continuous flow: a scalable and sustainable alternative to the conventional batch synthesis
Authors: Veeramani Karuna , Nayak Nagaraj , Cameron Neil R. , Kumar Anil
Published: December 2022

Scalable continuous flow synthesis of dendritic fibrous nanospheres of silica (DFNS).
Fabrication and surface hydrophobic modification of Y2O3:Eu3+phosphors
Authors: Wen Cheng , Zhou Runzi , Qiu Zenghui , Yang Junjiao , Zhang Xin , Xu Haijun
Published: December 2022

A Y2O3:Eu3+luminescent material was developed by an efficient two-step process, and then the phosphors were successfully subjected to surface hydrophobic modification using HDTMS for the first time.
Design and synthesis of multifaceted dicyanomethylene rhodanine linked thiophene: a SnOx–perovskite dual interface modifier facilitating enhanced device performance through improved Fermi level alignment, defect passivation and reduced energy loss
Authors: Rajendran Muthukumar Venu , Alagumalai Ananthan , Ganesan Saraswathi , Menon Vidya Sudhakaran , Raman Rohith Kumar , Gurusamy Thangavelu Senthil A. , Krishnamoorthy Ananthanarayanan
Published: December 2022

A new small molecule (AA6) is designed and synthesized for the first time and used as a dual interface modifier. The enhanced device performance observed after the interface modification is analyzed and discussed.
3D fibrous aerogels from 1D polymer nanofibers for energy and environmental applications
Authors: Zhao Guodong , Shi Lei , Yang Guang , Zhuang Xupin , Cheng Bowen
Published: December 2022

Aerogels are highly porous structures produced by replacing the liquid solvent of a gel with air without causing the collapse of the solid network.
Catalytic active centers beyond transition metals: atomically dispersed alkaline-earth metals for the electroreduction of nitrate to ammonia
Authors: Wu Donghai , Lv Peng , Wu Jiarui , He Bingling , Li Xue , Chu Ke , Jia Yu , Ma Dongwei
Published: December 2022

Taking an alkaline-earth (AE) metal single-atom catalyst supported on graphene as the representative, the feasibility of AE metals as active centers for the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction to produce NH3has been theoretically explored.
Optimized electron/ion transport by constructing radially oriented channels in MXene hybrid fiber electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors at low temperatures
Authors: Zhao Tianyu , Yang Dongzhi , Hao Shu-Meng , Xu Ting , Zhang Ming , Zhou Weidong , Yu Zhong-Zhen
Published: December 2022

High-performance all-solid-state fiber supercapacitors assembled with MXene/RGO/PEDOT:PSS hybrid fiber electrodes with radially oriented channels and an anti-freezing electrolyte exhibit excellent capacitance retention at ultralow temperatures.
Recent advances and perspectives on silver-based polymer composites for electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Zhan Yanhu , Santillo Chiara , Meng Yanyan , Lavorgna Marino
Published: December 2022

Silver/polymer composites have attracted significant interest in the field of electromagnetic interference shielding. This review prospects the current progress, the state-of-the-art, and the future development of silver/polymer composites.
Research on data transmission system of acoustic wave while drilling based on OFDM
Authors: Zheng Zhong , Geng Yanfeng
Published: December 2022

Logging while drilling is to transmit down‐hole measurement data to the surface timely and accurately to ensure the normal production. Drilling data transmission system includes mud pulse and electromagnetic wave. The transmission rate of these methods is only tens of bits per second. To solve the problems of slow transmission rate, low accuracy and long waiting time for drilling data, an acoustic wireless communication system based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is developed. The hardware and software design of the acoustic wireless communication system has been completed, and experiments have been carried out. The communication channel is drilling fluid, a frequency selective fading channel with Gaussian white noise and obvious multipath effect. OFDM can be used to solve the adverse effects of these problems on signal transmission. Schmidl–Cox algorithm is used for signal synchronization. Error control coding adopts CRC32 algorithm. The experimental results show that the transmission rate of BPSK mapped OFDM signal can reach 250 kbit/s when the bit error rate is 10−3. Compared with the traditional wireless communication system, an acoustic wireless communication system based on drilling fluid has the advantages of high data transmission rate, low bit error rate and strong anti‐multi‐path fading ability.
A priority‐based congestion avoidance scheme for healthcare wireless sensor networks
Authors: Mazloomi Neda , Gholipour Majid , Zaretalab Arash
Published: December 2022

One of the most important challenges of wireless sensor networks is controlling network congestion and transmitting data in a way that improves the quality of service (QoS) parameters. Thus, it increases network performance and reduces energy consumption. Energy consumption increases due to various reasons, such as unsuccessful delivery of packets to the receiver, congestion in the network, retransmission of packets, delay in delivering packets to the base station, and so on. Given the importance of some data in the field of health, congestion should be avoided and secure data transmission should be ensured. This study divides the collected data into two groups based on their intrinsic characteristics by presenting a congestion management protocol: (1) critical data and (2) non‐critical data. The proposed protocol provides a dynamic routing algorithm based on the TOPSIS model for non‐critical data transmission. In addition, an algorithm for transmitting critical data through the shortest possible path is also provided based on support vector machines (SVMs). This improves the network performance through using multi‐classification that is obtained from SVMs. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method works better than other methods and leads to better performance in delay, network performance, and power consumption.
„Itʼs not religion, itʼs neurology“ – IVCA
Annual Conference 2022
Authors: Börner Doris
Published: December 2022

Nach zwei Online-Jahren hatten die Mitglieder der International Veterinary
Chiropratic Association (IVCA) endlich wieder einmal die Möglichkeit,
sich im Rahmen der Annual Conference vom 14. bis 16. Oktober 20022
persönlich auszutauschen. Einen geeigneten Ort zu finden, der allen
Mitgliedern weltweit eine akzeptable Anreise ermöglicht, ist für
die Organisatoren jedes Mal wieder eine Herausforderung. Da die letzten
Kongresse, die immer gleichzeitig auch die jährliche
Mitgliederversammlung beinhalten, in Europa stattgefunden haben, wurde in diesem
Jahr der Kongress in San Diego, USA veranstaltet.
Hundebox – Erziehungshilfe oder
Zwangsmaßnahme?
Authors: Schönreiter Sandra , Döring Dorothea , Schneider Barbara
Published: December 2022

Die ursprünglich als Transportkennel bezeichnete Hundebox hat sich
mittlerweile als Erziehungshilfsmittel etabliert. Der Einsatz wird dabei als
vorteilhaft für Mensch und Hund gesehen. Doch wie ist das
tierschutzrechtlich zu beurteilen? Wir als Tierärzte und Tiertherapeuten
tragen große Verantwortung für das Wohl der Hunde in unserer
Gesellschaft. Wir sind für Hundebesitzer die ersten Ansprechpartner,
wenn es um die Gesundheit und das Wohlergehen ihrer vierbeinigen Lieblinge geht.
Wie kann man die Hundehalter dahingehend beraten? Welche gesetzlichen Vorgaben
gibt es?
Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction: Maximizing Success
Authors: Buntic Rudolf , Li Alexander Y.
Published: December 2022

Breast reconstruction is becoming increasingly recognized as a fundamental component in comprehensive breast cancer treatment. The primary goal for any reconstruction is to safely restore a natural appearing breast. When it comes to achieving the elements of size, shape, symmetry, and softness, the use of autologous tissue has many advantages. The approach to autologous breast reconstruction has changed substantially over the years as microsurgical free tissue transplants become more routine and accessible. While a variety of flap donor sites exist, careful flap selection based on surgical history and the availability of donor tissue is critical in achieving reliable results. This article reviews the clinical considerations in patient evaluation, donor site selection, and surgical approach taken at the Buncke Clinic.
High-speed uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes on silicon nitride
Authors: Maes Dennis , Lemey Sam , Roelkens Gunther , Zaknoune Mohammed , Avramovic Vanessa , Okada Etienne , Szriftgiser Pascal , Peytavit Emilien , Ducournau Guillaume , Kuyken Bart
Published: December 2022

Integrated photonics is an emerging technology for many existing and future telecommunication and data communication applications. One platform of particular interest is silicon nitride (SiN), thanks to—among others—its very low-loss waveguides. However, it lacks active devices, such as lasers, amplifiers, and photodiodes. For this, hybrid or heterogeneous integration is needed. Here, we bring high-speed uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes to a low-loss SiN-platform by means of micro-transfer-printing. This versatile technology for heterogeneous integration not only allows very dense and material-efficient III–V integration but also eases the fabrication, yielding high-performance detectors. The waveguide-coupled photodiodes feature a responsivity of 0.3 A/W at 1550 nm, a dark current of 10 nA, and a bandwidth of 155 GHz at a low bias. At zero bias, a record bandwidth of 135 GHz is achieved. We further demonstrate that this integrated detector can be used for direct photomixing at terahertz frequencies. A back-to-back communication link with a carrier frequency of around 300 GHz is set up, and data rates up to 160 Gbit/s with a low error vector magnitude are shown, showcasing a near-identical performance at zero bias.
Minimal representations of possibility at age 3
Authors: Leahy Brian , Huemer Michael , Steele Matt , Alderete Stephanie , Carey Susan
Published: December 2022

Young children do not always consider alternative possibilities when planning. Suppose a prize is hidden in a single occluded container and another prize is hidden in an occluded pair. If given a chance to choose one container and receive its contents, choosing the singleton maximizes expected reward because each member of the pair might be empty. Yet, 3-y-olds choose a member of the pair almost half the time. Why don’t they maximize expected reward? Three studies provide evidence that 3-y-olds do not deploy possibility concepts like MIGHT, which would let them represent that each container in the pair might and might not contain a prize. Rather, they build an overly specific model of the situation that correctly specifies that the singleton holds a prize while inappropriately specifying which member of the pair holds a prize and which is empty. So, when asked to choose a container, they see two equally good options. This predicts approximately 50% choice of the singleton, observed in studies 1 and 3. But when asked to throw away a container so that they can receive the remaining contents (study 2), they mostly throw away a member of the pair. The full pattern of data is expected if children construct overly specific models. We discuss whether 3-year-olds lack possibility concepts or whether performance demands prevent deployment of them in our tasks.
Research on flow behavior of 30CrMnSiA during current-assisted plane strain compression deformation
Authors: Xia Q X , Chen C , Xiao G F , Zhou H Y
Published: December 2022

Alloy structural steels with good fatigue and mechanical properties are widely used in transmission parts of industrial fields. However, alloy structural steels are difficult to deform at room temperature due to the low ductility and large deformation resistance. Current-assisted flow spinning (CAFS) is one of the most promising methods for manufacturing cup-shaped parts made of difficult-to-deform metals. The current assisted plane strain compression (CAPSC) test was proposed as the physical simulation test for CAFS, and the air cooling method was used to eliminate the effect of Joule heat. The CAPSC tests and the FE simulations of 30CrMnSiA were carried out, and the influences of peak current density and duty ratio on flow behavior were analysed. The results show that the constructed CAPSC test setup can be used to avoid the generation of the Joule heat effectively. The flow stress under pulse current is lower than that of without pulse current, and decreases gradually with the increasing of duty ratio and peak current density; the strain hardening exponent under pulse current is higher than that of without pulse current, and increases with the increasing of duty ratio and peak current density.
Research on cross wedge rolling forming technology of railway axles
Authors: Xu J S , Cui Y L , Zhao X L , Li S L , Yang C P , Xue Z F
Published: December 2022

This paper introduces a new forming method of railway axles: the square bloom is forged into a round axle billet by fast forging machine, then the round billet is rolled into the rough axle by the cross-wedge rolling machine. In order to prove the feasibility of this method, we have done an experimental trial of the technology on making scale-down Chinese railway freight axles with the scale ratio 1:1.4. The test result shows that the new method can double the productivity compared with the single forging method, save about 9% materials and improve shape accuracy of rough axle. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the axles formed by the new method have been tested and the test results show that the yield strength is greater than 345Mpa, the tensile strength is greater than 610Mpa, and the grain size reaches grade 8, which meets the standard requirements; The transverse and longitudinal impact toughness is greater than 21J, and the cross-sectional hardness distribution is uniform; The fatigue toughness test shows that the KQ value of the journal and shaft body in the deformation area of cross wedge rolling is slightly larger than that of the wheel seat, which indicates that the CWR process has no negative effect on fracture toughness of axles.
The evolution of cross-sectional dimension for double wall brazed tube in the multi-pass roll forming
Authors: Liu M M , Liu Y L , Li Y
Published: December 2022

The manufacturing process of double wall brazed tube (DWBT) consists of the multi-pass roll forming from the flat strip to double wall structure and brazing process. And the poor roundness of cross section for DWBT in the multi-pass roll forming not only affects the forming accuracy and quality, but also restricts the subsequent brazing process of DWBT. Thus, the parameters of Hill’48 yield criterion for the steel strip were firstly determined in this paper, and the reliable 3D finite element model of the multi-pass roll forming of DWBT was established based on ABAQUS/Explicit platform. Then the cross-sectional dimension of DWBT after each roll forming was analyzed. The results show that the multi-pass roll forming of DWBT requires the cooperation of the forming roller, horizontal roller and vertical roller, and the radius of the horizontal roller profile becomes larger with the increasing roll pass. The evolution of cross section is accompanied by the accumulation of equivalent strain, following the forming sequence of two arms on both sides, inner wall, outer wall and sizing process. An expression representing roundness is proposed, and it is concluded that the roundness of the outer tube is better than that of inner tube. Moreover, the cross-sectional distribution of the outer tube is more uniform along the circumferential direction.
Processing and performance of electromagnetic deformation combined with heat treatment of 2195 Al-Li alloy
Authors: Xu J H , Huang L , Xie B X , Li J J
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the electromagnetic deformation combined with heat treatment (ET) process was studied, which was meaningful for the forming of high performance Al-Li alloy sheet metal parts. In the ET process, the annealed sheet was firstly subjected to solution treatment, electromagnetic deformation. and artificial age until it reaches the peak aging state. Compared with the traditional T6 heat treatment, the time efficiency of the ET process is significantly improved, and the mechanical properties of the specimen are enhanced. The ET process only takes 6 hours to reach the peak aging, and the time efficiency of precipitate strengthening is reached up to 4 times compared with the T6 process. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the ET specimen are higher than the T6 one, an increase of 17.6% in Vickers hardness. Moreover, the mechanism of higher time efficiency and mechanical properties of the ET process is revealed. It is found that a high density of cellular dislocations and sub-grain were introduced during the electromagnetic deformation process, which is conducive to the nucleation and growth of the T1 precipitate during artificial aging. The T1 precipitates of the ET specimen are more dispersed and finer.
Plastic deformation of ultra-thin pure titanium sheet subject to tension-compression loadings
Authors: Hou Y , Zhang X L , Min J Y , Lee M G
Published: December 2022

Measurement of the Bauschinger effect of ultra-thin metallic sheet by the conventional tension-compression (TC) test is challenging due to the premature buckling during compression. In this study, a test method based on a multi-layered sandwich specimen is newly introduced to suppress the buckling in the uniaxial compression. Theoretical calibration is conducted for obtaining accurate flow stress under compression by correcting the effects of adhesive and friction induced by supporting side plates. Also, strains during the TC tests are measured by the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. From the proposed TC test with the sandwich specimen, plastic deformation of 0.1-mm-thick ultra-thin pure titanium sheet was investigated under reverse loading. Finally, the constitutive model based on the distortional hardening concept is newly developed and calibrated to reproduce the Bauschinger effect of the investigated ultra-thin sheet subject to TC loadings.
Analytical modeling of surface roughness of metal manufactured components based on building history
Authors: Bruni C , Ciccarelli D , Mancia T , Pieralisi M , Greco L
Published: December 2022

The realization of metal physical objects by localized laser fusion techniques requires the building under specified and predictable conditions in order to reduce errors in that phase. The stratification and the dimension got by solidified melt bath pools determine the geometry and the surface micro-characteristics appearing on the manufactured component. The relationship between internal microstructure and external characteristics are proposed by a analytical modeling in which internal variables such as the melt pool surfaces detected in the sectioned part of the specimen are given as input to describe the surface roughness at given positions of the surface of the object. The proposed method is based on the use of melt pool areas directly as obtained by the building history and on the use of an interpolating equation able to approximate their trend in order to reduce the variability got by real process. The obtained analytical models are able not only to correlate but to describe in detail the surface roughness as a function of internal bath areas. The modeling approach proposed is based on the regression analysis in which different variables affecting the geometry and the surface roughness are considered and their significance evaluated. An improvement in the predictive ability of the model using the interpolated melt pool areas is obtained.
Modelling of ductile damage in single point incremental forming process using enhanced CDM model
Authors: Zhang K , Yue Z M , Su C J , Wang R , Badreddine H
Published: December 2022

Investigation of the ductile damage in single point incremental forming (SPIF) is necessary for improving the formability during the manufacturing process. In this paper, an enhanced Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) model was applied for ductile damage prediction in SPIF process. In particular, the stress state dependence was considered in the damage evolution to improve fracture prediction capability at various loading paths. The enhanced CDM model was implemented into finite element code ABAQUS/Explicit through user subroutine VUMAT. The accuracy of the finite element model to predict the failure during SPIF process was investigated, good agreements were found between the simulation results and the experimental observations.
Die design and process optimization for aluminum flat tube profile with offset small channel
Authors: Wang X W , Zhao G Q , Sun L , Wang Y L
Published: December 2022

Aluminum tube with single row of small channels used in frequency conversion module of air-conditioner for heat radiation is manufactured by porthole extrusion, which has the characteristics of thin wall and large wall thickness difference. Due to the tiny dimension and offset distribution of channels, the design of process and die faces great challenges. In this study, a porthole extrusion die for aluminum flat tube with offset small channel was designed, and the offset porthole was used to balance the force on the both sides of the die core. The numerical simulation model of porthole extrusion process was established, and then, the structure of the extrusion die was optimized by taking the uniformity of metal flow velocity on the cross-section of the profile at the exit of the die. The effects of extrusion temperature, extrusion speed and die temperature on the displacement of the core, extrusion load, flow velocity and temperature of the metal at the exit of the die were studied. The optimal parameter combination of extrusion speed and temperature was obtained. The result showed that the dimensional accuracy of profile meets requirements. This study can provide guidance for the die design and process optimization of aluminum flat tube profile with offset small channel.
Incremental rolling forming process to fabricate surface micro-grooves
Authors: Yuan H , Li Y L , Zhao G L , Liu F F , Li F Y
Published: December 2022

The fabrication of functional micro-structures at sheet surface has a wide range of applications in noise reduction, friction reduction, heat and mass transfer, etc. By integrating the conventional rolling forming and the incremental sheet forming process, a flexible and widely applicable incremental rolling forming process was proposed in the present work to fabricate surface micro-grooves. First, a rolling tool which has hemispherical ring convex on the roller and the convex height is much higher than the height of forming groove was designed and manufactured. Then, a series of incremental rolling tests on titanium alloy (TA1) were carried out by using self-designed rolling tools, with varying roller size, rolling depth and feed rate. The results show that continuous micro-grooves with good dimensional consistency were prepared on the surface of the plate. Furthermore, by investigating rolling force and groove size after rolling, it was found that the rolling depth have significant effects on the micro-groove formation and only localized material flow is occurred at the grooved region. Compared with the traditional rolling process, the incremental rolling process has the advantages of low rolling force and adjustable groove spacing, which is conducive to the subsequent processing of the sheet.