bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visual Structures and Verbal Representation in the Comedia de Calisto y Melibea (Burgos, 1499?)
Authors: Rivera Isidro J.
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
El refranero celestinesco
Authors: Cantalapiedra Fernando
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Antonio Sánchez-Serrano y María Remedios Prieto de la Iglesia, Femando de Rojas y «La Celestina»
Authors: Kirby Stephen D.
Published: February 2021

N/A
Celestinesca: Twenty Years
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Conocimiento frente a experiencia en el primer acto de Celestina: una posible discordancia temática
Authors: Layna Ranz Francisco
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Comunicación Interna en las nuevas organizaciones
Authors: Verazzi Laura
Published: February 2021

La comunicación interna juega un papel clave en las empresas e instituciones del siglo XXI, que requieren de especialistas que velen por unas relaciones fluidas y orientadas a objetivos compartidos entre las personas de un mismo entorno laboral. Con esta visión, el Máster Universitario de Comunicación Corporativa, Protocolo y Eventos de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) incorpora la asignatura de Comunicación interna en su plan de estudios e invita a reflexionar sobre esta disciplina a Laura Verazzi, experta del ámbito, con una larga trayectoria asesorando empresas en Latinoamérica.
'Transformación digital': ¿confirmación de un fracaso?
Authors: Garcia Alsina Montserrat
Published: February 2021

En la década de los noventa del siglo pasado, las entonces denominadas nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (NTIC) ya estaban revolucionando la sociedad, la economía, y nuestra vida. Entrábamos en la sociedad y la economía del conocimiento, donde la gestión de datos y de información llevaba a generar conocimiento, materia prima de la nueva era, y al desarrollo económico. Los fundamentos de la sociedad y la economía industrial quedaban atrás gracias a las NTIC, que abrían una nueva era económica y social. La Unión Europea, en la Agenda de Lisboa del 2000, ya apuntaba que gracias al conocimiento Europa se convertiría en la economía más avanzada del mundo. Ahora, siglo XXI, década de los años diez: ¿no oímos la misma canción bajo el título de transformación digital?
De malas madres, haters y followers
Authors: San Cornelio Gemma
Published: February 2021

Siguiendo el hilo de un artículo anterior en el que hablaba de las imágenes relativas a mujeres que habían publicado selfies poco después de haber dado a luz, en este artículo me gustaría profundizar en los discursos generados en determinados perfiles de famosas que, habiendo sido madres recientemente, producen comentarios y discusiones encontradas que revelan un posicionamiento muy duro por parte de las mujeres.
Titulaciones de multimedia en la UOC: dos décadas, cuatro planes de estudio y mucho futuro
Authors: Giménez Ferran , Porta Laura , Córcoles Briongos César Pablo
Published: February 2021

El nuevo plan de estudios de grado de Técnicas de Interacción Digital y Multimedia es una buena ocasión para reflexionar sobre más de veinte años de historia de formación sobre multimedia en la UOC y la evolución de las diferentes encarnaciones del grado de Multimedia, desde el original graduado Multimedia a distancia UPC-UOC.
Assessment of the impact of land use in an agricultural catchment area on water quality of lowland rivers
Authors: Kupiec Jerzy M. , Staniszewski Ryszard , Jusik Szymon
Published: February 2021

In several countries around the world, agricultural land area exceeds 70% (Uruguay 82.6%, Kazakhstan 80.4%, Turkmenistan 72.0%, Great Britain 71.7%, Ukraine 71.6% and others). This poses a serious risk of dissipating nitrates into the aquatic environment in agricultural catchments. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of land use on water quality parameters in an agricultural catchment area. It was decided to select for analysis the catchment of the Orla River (river length of 88 km, catchment area of 1,546 km2). The catchment area is predominantly agricultural in character and its entire area has been declared as an agricultural nitrate vulnerable zone (NVZ). A total of 27 survey sites were selected on the main watercourse and its tributaries. Analyses were conducted in the years 2010–2012 to determine physical and chemical parameters of water (pH reaction, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrates, total and reactive phosphorus) as well as six macrophyte metrics of ecological status assessment (MIR, IBMR, RMNI, MTR, TIM, RI). The average values of most physico-chemical parameters of water quality repeatedly exceeded limits of good ecological status, both in the Orla River and its tributaries. As many as 18 survey sites were classified as moderate ecological status, five sites as poor and only four as good ecological status. The results indicate the impact of land use in the catchment on water conductivity. Differences were observed in the concentrations of biotic components in the main watercourse and its tributaries, and in water quality in the southern part of the catchment in relation to the rest of the study area. This is probably connected with a greater share of forests and surface waters in that area.
Analysis in silico of the functional interaction between WNT5A and YAP/TEAD signaling in cancer
Authors: Astudillo Pablo
Published: February 2021

To date, most data regarding the crosstalk between the Wnt signaling pathway and the YAP/TAZ transcriptional coactivators focuses on the Wnt/β-catenin branch of the pathway. In contrast, the relationship between the non-canonical Wnt pathway and YAP/TAZ remains significantly less explored. Wnt5a is usually regarded as a prototypical non-canonical Wnt ligand, and its expression has been related to cancer progression. On the other hand, YAP/TAZ transcriptional coactivators act in concert with TEAD transcription factors to control gene expression. Although one article has shown previously that WNT5A is a YAP/TEAD target gene, there is a need for further evidence supporting this regulatory relationship, because a possible YAP/Wnt5a regulatory circuit might have profound implications for cancer biology. This article analyzes publicly available ChIP-Seq, gene expression, and protein expression data to explore this relationship, and shows that WNT5A might be a YAP/TEAD target gene in several contexts. Moreover, Wnt5a and YAP expression are significantly correlated in specific cancer types, suggesting that the crosstalk between YAP/TAZ and the Wnt pathway is more intricate than previously thought.
Association between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Functions in Medical Students
Authors: Muley Parikshit Ashok , Thakkar Karan Ramyank , Gehlot Praveen Kanaram , Vankudre Ashok Jaykumar , Muley Pranjali Parikshit , Barde Pradip Bhanudas
Published: February 2021

Introduction: There is a widespread prevalence of obesity and growing evidence suggests its possible adverse effect on cognitive functions. Hence, it is important to study the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Cognitive Functions. Aim: The aim of this study was to find out the association between BMI and cognitive functions in medical students. The present study also determined whether there are any gender based difference of association of BMI and cognitive functions. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at Cognitive function test Laboratory of Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Nashik between July and December 2016. Study was done on randomly selected medical undergraduate students (50 male and 50 females) of 18-25 years age group. Height and weight were recorded and subjects were divided into 3 groups based on BMI (in kg/m2) as: Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), Normal weight (BMI 18.5-25 kg/m2) and Overweight (BMI >25 kg/m2). In all the above BMI groups, four domains of cognitive functions were assessed i.e., attention, perception, executive functions and working memory using Visual and Auditory Reaction Time (VRT and ART) and Go/No-Go VRT and ART; Fast Counting (FC); Eriksen Flanker Test (EFT) and Stroop Test (ST) and Visual Forward (VFDS) and Backward Digit Span (VBDS) test, respectively. The data was statistically analysed and different cognitive function tests were compared in various categories of BMI (viz., underweight, normal and overweight) using ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. Gender based association of BMI and cognitive functions were also assessed. The data was analysed statistically using SPSS version 16.0 and p-value <0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: On comparing the cognitive functions with BMI, it was found that when whole study population was considered, the difference in time taken by subjects of different BMI categories to give response in VBDS test was found to be statistically significant (p=0.007). When the gender differences were analysed, it was found that in males, the time taken to give response to stimuli with interference (ST) in various BMI categories was statistically significant (p=0.004) and in females, the time taken to give response in VBDS test in various BMI categories was found to be statistically significant (p=0.024). The correlation between the reciprocal of time taken to give response in ST and VBDS and BMI was a weak positive correlation (0.3 < r < 0.5). Conclusion: A weak positive correlation was found between BMI and reciprocal of time taken to give response to stimulus with interference in males and BMI and reciprocal of time taken to give response in VBDS Test in Females.
Face Mask Utilization in the Era of COVID-19: Nigeria Experience
Authors: Edet Clement Kevin , Harry Agiriye M. , Wegbom Anthony Ike , Raimi Olatunde , Fagbamigbe Adeniyi Francis , Kiri Victor Alangibi
Published: February 2021

Background: The use of face masks has been accepted and recommended globally as a tool for COVID-19 protection. The government of Nigeria made wearing of face masks compulsory in public places. However, no evidence has shown user compliance or knowledge. This study investigated the knowledge and utilization of face masks among the Nigerian population.

Methods: This was a web-based cross-sectional survey conducted from July 2 to August 28, 2020, using a convenience sampling technique. This was in adherence to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) guideline of physical/social distancing. Data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to present the results.

Results:  A total of 811 respondents participated in the survey with the mean age of 36.93±12.17 years. Almost all the respondents 91.9% and 94% were aware that face masks can reduce the spread of COVID-19 and should be worn in the public respectively.  95.3% of the participants had used a face mask as a protection against COVID-19. Furthermore, 90.2% used face masks in the public, 53% used it when entering restricted places, 45.5% when with a suspected case and 30.7% used a mask due to fear of arrest/punishment. The majority of respondents used homemade masks (70%) and 71.2% reused their masks, but maintained poor cleaning culture.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated adequate knowledge and utilization of face masks among the population. The homemade mask was mostly used. However, there was a poor mask cleaning culture among the population. There should be intensive public awareness campaigns through social and mass media on how to clean reusable face masks.
Quando o corpo se torna indigente: Uma etnografia sobre os processos de morrer à luz do estado
Authors: Lobo Andréa De Souza , Sobreira Luiza Báo
Published: February 2021

Este estudo tem por objetivo discutir questões sobre a construção da identidade do corpo morto enquanto indigente. Referimo-nos aos cadáveres que adentram ao Instituto Médico Legal do Distrito Federal sem os documentos que o classificam. Buscamos discorrer sobre o que legitima a atualização do status do morto, que passa a ser lido como não-identificado, ignorado, ou, simplesmente, indigente. Neste processo, é fundamental compreender quem faz parte da construção dessa narrativa: instituições, saberes e papéis. Os departamentos policiais, a metodologia médica-jurídica e os documentos são produzidos através de uma cadeia técnico-burocrático de criação. Definidora de fatos e verdades, a ciência médica serve-se de instrumento ao Estado para criar discursos, a fim de dar sentido a estes corpos, cujo o desconhecimento é a única informação. Dotado de racionalidade e poder, o Estado autoriza as narrativas sobre estes corpos. Os marginalizados em vida permanecem marginalizados na morte.
Capital racial e a perspectiva colonial no século XXI
Authors: Gonzaga Yone Maria , Da Costa Júnior Jair
Published: February 2021

Este artigo discute como o colonialismo configurou as sociedades ocidentais a partir de uma lógica de hierarquização e classificação dos povos e grupos sociais pelo crivo das distinções raciais. Erigiu e reservou às estruturas de Estado a função de dar continuidade ao projeto de dominação e exploração, através de dispositivos de racialidade/biopoder no ordenamento social. Demonstramos, a partir de estudos empíricos, como tal perspectiva implica na definição das condições de vida e estas homologamente como justificativas para imposição da exclusão e da morte como uma causalidade natural. Esta premissa reforça a hipótese um capital racial atuando como um poder simbólico na orquestração das estruturas sociais e individuais, condicionando a definição e escopo das políticas públicas. Questiona-se a perspectiva racionalista atribuída ao Estado e denuncia o arbítrio das políticas públicas, as quais, suas reais finalidades encontram sentido alhures sob a hipótese de atender às intencionalidades que lhes originaram.
Eliminar “sem deixar vestígios”: a distensão política e o desaparecimento forçado no Brasil
Authors: De Almeida Teles Janaína
Published: February 2021

Transcorridos mais de 30 anos desde a (re)democratização no Brasil, observam-se importantes lacunas nas articulações entre o passado e o presente, no que tange ao legado da ditadura militar. Com o objetivo de contribuir para o entendimento desse processo histórico, este texto procura caracterizar o desaparecimento forçado enquanto estratégia repressiva da ditadura e sua centralidade no processo de distensão política. Propomo-nos a traçar um panorama de seus antecedentes históricos e a prevalência de paralelos existentes nas estratégias repressivas dos governos dos generais Médici e Geisel. Este estudo beneficiou-se de documentos inéditos ou pouco explorados, e uma ampla revisão da bibliografia existente sobre o assunto, a fim de apresentar um balanço crítico sobre o aparato repressivo e o período imediatamente anterior à distensão política no país.
Fazendo o melhor da vida na morte: qualidade de vida, processo de morrer e cuidados paliativos
Authors: Soneghet Lucas Faial
Published: February 2021

Este artigo discute o processo de construção de “qualidade de vida” para sujeitos enfermos em professo de morrer. Apresento cenas etnográficas de atendimentos feitos por uma equipe de assistência domiciliar de um hospital público do Rio de Janeiro, que opera com enfoque de cuidados paliativos. Tal modelo de assistência visa proporcionar “qualidade de vida” pelo controle de sintomas e pela atenção ao paciente e aos familiares enquanto seres multidimensionais (biológicos, psíquicos, espirituais e sociais). Argumento que a “qualidade de vida” é construída em arranjos de cuidado nos quais responsabilidades, afetos e narrativas circulam e são distribuídos. Para esse fim, define-se o que é “normal” para o corpo adoecido, quem pode falar sobre ele, e quem é capaz de lidar com suas sensações e sintomas. Nas relações que circundam e atravessam o corpo adoecido, assimetrias de poder e desigualdades socioeconômicas modulam as possibilidades de se ter uma vida com qualidade rumo a uma “boa morte”.
Ensinar história a partir do esquecimento: um estudo de caso de educação patrimonial no Cemitério da Santa Casa, Porto Alegre/RS
Authors: Grazziotin Portal João Camilo
Published: February 2021

Este artigo é baseado numa experiência de estágio em Educação Patrimonial (UFRGS) feito no Cemitério da Santa Casa, em Porto Alegre/RS. Tomando a forma de um relato, o artigo se propôe a discutir as potencialidades de se aprender e ensinar história a partir do espaço cemiterial. Nesse sentido, foram utilizadas, para as visitas, as faces do esquecimento que estão representadas na territorialidade do espaço, bem como as diferentes manifestações estéticas e sua relação com as diferentes classes sociais presentes ali. Assim, foi proposta uma reflexão sobre o esquecimento e a história a partir de uma prática de visita mais tangente às subjetividades, fazendo uma interlocução com a divisão espacial da instituição e tecendo uma narrativa a partir das relações de poder, em oposição à “história dos grandes homens”.
Psychopathy and violent video game playing: Multiple associations in a juvenile justice system involved sample
Authors: Jahic Ilma , DeLisi Matt , Vaughn Michael G.
Published: February 2021

Violent video game playing is a consistent risk factor for aggression, but research on its psychopathology and trait underpinnings are primarily based on community or university student samples, thus the ecological validity to adjudicated and juvenile justice system‐involved youth lacks clarity. This is an important void in the literature because relative to youth in the general population, adjudicated and detained youth evince greater psychopathology, more severe delinquency and violence histories, and clinical psychopathic features. Negative binomial regression models using data from 252 youth in residential placements found that several psychopathic features are significantly associated with violent video gaming. The role of psychopathy operated differently across gender and arrest chronicity, and across models remorselessness emerged as an important correlate. Given the desensitization that can occur with violent video game play, it is of particular concern among delinquent youth with psychopathic personality features.
Ice‐Templated, Large‐Area Silver Nanowire Pattern for Flexible Transparent Electrode
Authors: Han Jingkai , Yang Jiankui , Gao Weiwei , Bai Hao
Published: February 2021

Flexible transparent electrodes are critically important for the emerging flexible and stretchable electronic and optoelectronic devices. To this end, transparent polymer films coated with silver nanowires (AgNWs) have been intensively studied in the past decade. However, it remains a grand challenge to achieve both high conductivity and transmittance in large‐area films, mainly due to the poor alignment of AgNWs and their high junction resistance. Here, the successful attempt to realize large‐area AgNW patterns on various substrates by a 2D ice‐templating approach is reported. With a relatively low dosage of AgNWs (4 µg·cm−2), the resulted flexible electrode simultaneously achieves high optical transmittance (≈91%) and low sheet resistance (20 Ω·sq−1). In addition, the electrode exhibits excellent durability during cyclic bending (≈10 000 times) and stretching (50% strain). The potential applications of the flexible transparent electrode in both touch screen and electronic skin sensor, which can monitor the sliding pressure and direction in real‐time, are demonstrated. More importantly, it is believed that the study represents a facile and low‐cost approach to assemble various nanomaterials into large‐area functional patterns for advanced flexible devices.
High‐Dose Steroid Dissolving Microneedle for Relieving Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Jang Mingyu , Kang Bo Mi , Yang Huisuk , Ohn Jungyoon , Kwon Ohsang , Jung Hyungil
Published: February 2021

Dissolving microneedles (DMN) supplemented with therapeutic molecules have been developed to enhance transdermal delivery efficiency of topically applied drugs in a minimally invasive manner. However, the dose of the drugs in DMN system is limited owing to the low solubility of drug. In fact, although triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is one of the most widely prescribed drugs for relieving atopic dermatitis (AD), its poor dissolving nature makes it difficult to design and fabricate DMN containing therapeutic dosage of TA. In this study, TA suspension is introduced to encapsulate therapeutic dosage of TA. Sonication and composition optimization of polymers is key to fabricate high dose TA–DMN to induce particle size reduction and dispersion stability of suspension, respectively. After confirming the physical performance of TA–DMN using the selected formulation in vitro, the anti‐inflammatory effects of TA–DMN are evaluated in vivo using a mouse model affected with skin inflammation to mimic AD in humans. Herein, high‐dose TA–DMN is presented as a candidate agent for relieving AD and, furthermore, for wide application in the treatment of skin inflammatory diseases in which high‐dose steroid drugs are required.
Recent Advances in Cell Membrane‐Derived Biomimetic Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Raza Faisal , Zafar Hajra , Zhang Shulei , Kamal Zul , Su Jing , Yuan Wei‐En , Mingfeng Qiu
Published: February 2021

Immunotherapy will significantly impact the standard of care in cancer treatment. Recent advances in nanotechnology can improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. However, concerns regarding efficiency of cancer nanomedicine, complex tumor microenvironment, patient heterogeneity, and systemic immunotoxicity drive interest in more novel approaches to be developed. For this purpose, biomimetic nanoparticles are developed to make innovative changes in the delivery and biodistribution of immunotherapeutics. Biomimetic nanoparticles have several advantages that can advance the clinical efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Thus there is a greater push toward the utilization of biomimetic nanotechnology for developing effective cancer immunotherapeutics that demonstrate increased specificity and potency. The recent works and state‐of‐the‐art strategies for anti‐tumor immunotherapeutics are highlighted here, and particular emphasis has been given to the applications of cell‐derived biomimetic nanotechnology for cancer immunotherapy.
An Organodiselenide Comediator to Facilitate Sulfur Redox Kinetics in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhao Meng , Chen Xiang , Li Xi‐Yao , Li Bo‐Quan , Huang Jia‐Qi
Published: February 2021

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered as promising next‐generation energy storage devices due to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density, where soluble lithium polysulfides are crucial in the Li–S electrochemistry as intrinsic redox mediators. However, the poor mediation capability of the intrinsic polysulfide mediators leads to sluggish redox kinetics, further rendering limited rate performances, low discharge capacity, and rapid capacity decay. Here, an organodiselenide, diphenyl diselenide (DPDSe), is proposed to accelerate the sulfur redox kinetics as a redox comediator. DPDSe spontaneously reacts with lithium polysulfides to generate lithium phenylseleno polysulfides (LiPhSePSs) with improved redox mediation capability. The as‐generated LiPhSePSs afford faster sulfur redox kinetics and increase the deposition dimension of lithium sulfide. Consequently, the DPDSe comediator endows Li–S batteries with superb rate performance of 817 mAh g−1 at 2 C and remarkable cycling stability with limited anode excess. Moreover, Li–S pouch cells with the DPDSe comediator achieve an actual initial energy density of 301 Wh kg−1 and 30 stable cycles. This work demonstrates a novel redox comediation strategy with an effective organodiselenide comediator to facilitate the sulfur redox kinetics under pouch cell conditions and inspires further exploration in mediating Li–S kinetics for practical high‐energy‐density batteries.
Anomalously Low Heat Conduction in Single‐Crystal Superlattice Ceramics Lower Than Randomly Oriented Polycrystals
Authors: Cho Hai Jun , Wu Yuzhang , Zhang Yu‐Qiao , Feng Bin , Mikami Masashi , Shin Woosuck , Ikuhara Yuichi , Sheu Yu‐Miin , Saito Keiji , Ohta Hiromichi
Published: February 2021

Heat conduction in ceramics is attributed to phonon propagation, which can be strongly suppressed at boundaries. Usually, polycrystals show lower thermal conductivity (κ) than single crystals, as polycrystals contain many grain boundaries. For functional applications in thermal management technologies, ceramics with low thermal conductivity are required. While grain boundary engineering is effective for reducing κ, its utilization is limited by the fact that other functional properties are often damaged. Here it is shown that single‐crystalline oxide of InGaO3(ZnO)m with a natural superlattice structure exhibits anomalously lower κ than polycrystals. Single‐crystalline films of InGaO3(ZnO)m (m = integer), which has a superlattice structure of InO2−/GaO(ZnO)m+ stacking along the c‐axis with a controllable layer thickness of m, are fabricated. It is found that the κ perpendicular to the superlattices decreases with decreasing m‐value, and the minimum κ is 1.1 W m−1 K−1 (m = 4, 5), which is lower than randomly oriented polycrystalline InGaO3(ZnO)m. On the other hand, the κ parallel to the superlattices have similar values with those of polycrystalline. The present finding suggests that layer boundaries between different components inside single crystal can also function as thermal resistance, which will be useful for the material design of thermal management technologies.
Ultrafast Laser Inducing Continuous Periodic Crystallization in the Glass Activated via Laser‐Prepared Crystallite‐Seeds
Authors: Zhang Bo , Wang Zhuo , Tan Dezhi , Liu Xiaofeng , Xu Beibei , Tong Limin , Kazansky Peter G. , Qiu Jianrong
Published: February 2021

Tailoring ultrafast light–matter interaction as an enabler to create functional periodic crystalline patterns inside transparent dielectrics is of great scientific and technological significance but remains a tremendous challenge because of plenty of unclarified process details and physical mechanisms. Here, a dynamic process of ultrafast laser‐induced continuous periodic crystallization (CPC) to generate self‐organized crystal arrays (CAs) inside the glass is reported. The crystallite‐seeds induced by ultrafast laser are revealed to offer an auxiliary effect that can initiate and maintain the CPC process, which promises the high‐efficiency writing of CAs. The auxiliary effect originates from photo‐induced defects in the crystallite‐seeds, functions by drastically decreasing the pulse energy threshold for writing CAs, and can be manipulated by tuning the glass compositions and laser parameters. The created CAs are erasable and rewritable, which allows for potential applications in optical information encryption and data storage. This work not only opens up an avenue for creating embedded periodic crystalline patterns with extremely high efficiency but also helps to clarify the dynamics of ultrafast laser nanostructuring inside transparent dielectrics.
Ultrahigh‐Water‐Content Photonic Hydrogels with Large Electro‐Optic Responses in Visible to Near‐Infrared Region
Authors: Yue Youfeng , Norikane Yasuo , Gong Jian Ping
Published: February 2021

The embedding of photonic crystals within stimuli‐responsive hydrogels has attracted tremendous interest because it provides new applications such as optical switches, displays, and sensors. However, the production of electrically tunable photonic hydrogels with a wide range of color tunability, fast electrical response, and high stability for repeated use is still challenging. Here, electrically tunable photonic hydrogels are fabricated using ultrahigh‐water‐content polyelectrolyte layered hydrogels composed of thousands of bilayer domain structures. The layered hydrogel exhibits versatile color tunability by applying an electric field parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the gel layers. The hydrogel exhibits homogeneous color tuning when a perpendicular electric field is applied, while it shows a large rainbow‐like electric‐optic response in the visible to near‐infrared region when a parallel electric field is applied. Additionally, by a simple method using patterned electrodes, a reflective display showing the designed characters is demonstrated and maintained for hours underwater without an external source of energy. Moreover, the electrically induced optical patterns can be erased, and the responsive photonic hydrogel shows excellent stability for repeated use. We anticipate that this study will provide the foundation for the development of responsive photonic hydrogels with new and large electro‐optical effects for future chromatic applications.
A Deep Blue Strong Microcavity Organic Light‐Emitting Diode Optimized by a Low Absorption Semitransparent Cathode and a Narrow Bandwidth Emitter
Authors: Kim Seong Keun , Park Mi Jin , Pode Ramchandra , Kwon Jang Hyuk
Published: February 2021

Herein, deep blue strong microcavity top‐emitting organic light‐emitting diodes (TEOLEDs) optimized by a low absorbed silver cathode and a narrow bandwidth emitter are reported for realizing high‐efficiency and narrow spectral characteristics. Usually, the Mg:Ag cathode is widely used as a semitransparent cathode in TEOLED devices due to its favorable reflectivity and proper electron injection ability. However, the high extinction coefficient of Mg causes a decrease in the microcavity effect, causing a low optical efficiency of devices. A Ag cathode is applied as a semitransparent cathode to modify the high absorption property for a strong microcavity blue OLED. At optimal conditions, the optically calculated device efficiency of TEOLEDs using a BPPyA emitter is 70.2 and 91.1 cd (A * y)−1 for Mg:Ag and Ag TEOLEDs, respectively. To further improve the device efficiency, an alternative emitter (DABNA‐NP‐TB) is applied which has a narrow bandwidth of 25 nm. The optically calculated efficiency enhancement in the TEOLED is about 23% compared with a control emitter, which is well correlated with the result of fabricated TEOLEDs.
Near‐Infrared Fluorophores for Thrombosis Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Sun Bin , Hettie Kenneth S. , Zhu Shoujun
Published: February 2021

Thrombosis is an adverse physiological event wherein the resulting thrombus and thrombus‐induced diseases collectively result in high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, nano‐medicines that incorporate fluorophores emitting in the near‐infrared‐I (NIR‐I, 700–900 nm) spectral region have been adopted to afford thrombosis theranostics. However, several unsolved problems such as limited penetration depth and image quality severely impede further applications of such nano‐medicine systems. Fortunately, the ability to incorporate fluorophores emitting in the NIR‐II (1000–1700 nm) window into nano‐medicine systems can unambiguously identify biological processes with high signal‐to‐noise, deep tissue penetration depth, and high image resolution. Considering the inherently favorable properties of NIR‐II fluorophores, it is believed that they have enormous potential to quickly become incorporated into nano‐medicine systems for thrombosis theranostics. In this review, i) the development of NIR fluorescence as an imaging modality and fluorescent agents is discussed; ii) the recent development of NIR‐I fluorophore‐based nano‐medicine systems for thrombosis theranostics is comprehensively summarized; iii) the state‐of‐the‐art NIR‐II fluorophores that are designed for the specific purpose of affording thrombotic diagnosis is highlighted; iv) possible forward avenues for the use of NIR‐II fluorophores toward thrombosis diagnosis and therapy are speculated; and v) the potential for their clinical translation is discussed.
Magic Doping and Robust Superconductivity in Monolayer FeSe on Titanates
Authors: Jia Tao , Chen Zhuoyu , Rebec Slavko N. , Hashimoto Makoto , Lu Donghui , Devereaux Thomas P. , Lee Dung‐Hai , Moore Robert G. , Shen Zhi‐Xun
Published: February 2021

The enhanced superconductivity in monolayer FeSe on titanates opens a fascinating pathway toward the rational design of high‐temperature superconductors. Utilizing the state‐of‐the‐art oxide plus chalcogenide molecular beam epitaxy systems in situ connected to a synchrotron angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscope, epitaxial LaTiO3 layers with varied atomic thicknesses are inserted between monolayer FeSe and SrTiO3, for systematic modulation of interfacial chemical potential. With the dramatic increase of electron accumulation at the LaTiO3/SrTiO3 surface, providing a substantial surge of work function mismatch across the FeSe/oxide interface, the charge transfer and the superconducting gap in the monolayer FeSe are found to remain markedly robust. This unexpected finding indicate the existence of an intrinsically anchored “magic” doping within the monolayer FeSe systems.
Nanoscale Ferroelectric Characterization with Heterodyne Megasonic Piezoresponse Force Microscopy
Authors: Zeng Qibin , Wang Hongli , Xiong Zhuang , Huang Qicheng , Lu Wanheng , Sun Kuan , Fan Zhen , Zeng Kaiyang
Published: February 2021

Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), as a powerful nanoscale
characterization technique, has been extensively utilized to elucidate diverse
underlying physics of ferroelectricity. However, intensive studies of
conventional PFM have revealed a growing number of concerns and limitations
which are largely challenging its validity and applications. In this study, an advanced PFM
technique is reported, namely heterodyne megasonic piezoresponse force
microscopy (HM‐PFM), which uses 106 to 108 Hz high‐frequency excitation and heterodyne method to measure the piezoelectric
strain at nanoscale. It is found that HM‐PFM can unambiguously provide standard ferroelectric domain and
hysteresis loop measurements, and an effective domain characterization with
excitation frequency up to ≈110 MHz is demonstrated. Most importantly, owing to the high‐frequency and heterodyne scheme, the contributions from both
electrostatic force and electrochemical strain can be significantly minimized
in HM‐PFM. Furthermore, a
special measurement
of difference‐frequency
piezoresponse frequency spectrum (DFPFS) is developed on HM‐PFM and a distinct DFPFS characteristic is observed on the
materials with piezoelectricity. By performing DFPFS measurement, a truly
existed but very weak electromechanical coupling in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite is revealed. It is believed that HM‐PFM can be an excellent candidate for the ferroelectric or
piezoelectric studies where conventional PFM results are highly
controversial.
Self‐Validated Machine Learning Study of Graphdiyne‐Based Dual Atomic Catalyst
Authors: Sun Mingzi , Wu Tong , Dougherty Alan William , Lam Maggie , Huang Bolong , Li Yuliang , Yan Chun‐Hua
Published: February 2021

Although the atomic catalyst has attracted intensive attention in the past few years, the current progress of this field is still limited to a single atomic catalyst (SAC). With very few successful cases of dual atomic catalysts (DACs), the most challenging part of experimental synthesis still lies in two main directions: the thermodynamic stability of the synthesis and the optimal combination of metals. To address such challenges, comprehensive theoretical investigations on graphdiyne (GDY)‐based DAC are proposed by considering both, the formation stability and the d‐band center modifications. Unexpectedly, it is proven that the introduction of selected lanthanide metals to the transition metals contributes to the optimized stability and electroactivity. With further verification by machine learning, the potential f–d orbital coupling is unraveled as the pivotal factor in modulating the d‐band center with enhanced stability by less orbital repulsive forces. These findings supply the delicate explanations of the atomic interactions and screen out the most promising DAC to surpass the limitations of conventional trial and error synthesis. This work has supplied an insightful understanding of DAC, which opens up a brand new direction to advance the research in atomic catalysts for broad applications.
3D Printed Supercapacitors toward Trinity Excellence in Kinetics, Energy Density, and Flexibility
Authors: Kang Wenbin , Zeng Li , Ling Shangwen , Zhang Chuhong
Published: February 2021

Modern electronics place stringent requirements on power supplies, calling for high energy and power density within restricted footprints. 3D printing allows for customized electrode designs with outstanding loading densities and represents a seemingly promising solution. However, the sluggish mass transport within bulky matrices presents serious issues to charge storage kinetics. Doping engineering in conjunction with 3D printing is used to achieve a state‐of‐the‐art areal capacitance of 11.8 F cm−2, which is among the best for carbonaceous supercapacitors, results in an electrode heavily loaded at 85.1 mg cm−2. Simultaneously, an uncompromised kinetic performance rivaling high‐rate thin films is delivered, allowing for flash‐charging within 3.6 s while keeping 78.1% capacitance. In agreement with theses appealing features, an unprecedented energy density of 0.66 mWh cm−2 and power density of 1039.8 mW cm−2 for a symmetrical device are registered. Meanwhile, the printed device is equipped with superb mechanical compliance, a rarely achieved, yet gravely desired attribute for 3D printed energy storage devices. This work suggests that flexible energy storage devices with unimpaired kinetics at extremely large loading densities could be realized, therefore overturning the traditional mindset that such a performance can only be achieved in thin film devices which are, however, incapable of securing a large energy output.
Twins with PEX7 related intellectual disability and cataract: Highlighting phenotypes of peroxisome biogenesis disorder 9B
Authors: Masih Suzena , Moirangthem Amita , Phadke Shubha R.
Published: February 2021

Peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are a group of autosomal recessive disorders caused due to impaired peroxisome assembly affecting the formation of functional peroxisomes. PBDs are caused by a mutation in PEX gene family resulting in disease manifestation with extreme variability ranging from the onset of profound neurologic symptoms in newborns to progressive degenerative disease in adults. Disease causing variations in PEX7 is known to cause severe rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 1 and PBD 9B, an allelic disorder resulting in a milder phenotype, often indistinguishable from that of classic Refsum disease. This case report highlights the variability of PEX7 related phenotypes and suggests that other than RCDP1 and late onset phenotype similar to Refsum disease, some cases present with cataract and neurodevelopmetal abnormalities during childhood without chondrodysplasia or rhizomelia. This report also underlines the importance of considering PBD 9B in children presenting with neurodevelopmental abnormalities especially if they have congenital cataract.
Ultralong Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence from Boric Acid
Authors: Zheng Haoyue , Cao Peisheng , Wang Yanying , Lu Xiaomei , Wu Peng
Published: February 2021

For a long time, phosphors with long‐lived emission are dominated by rare earth/transition metal ion‐doped sulfides and oxides. Recently, organic materials capable of emitting long‐lived room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are reported, carbon skeletons are almost the exclusive structural feature of the conjugated luminophores. Herein, we reported that boric acid, a non‐metal and C‐free material, could emit RTP with lifetime up to 0.3 s. Detailed investigations indicated the weak conjugation between the n electrons of the O atoms in the B‐O confined space was the possible origin of RTP. Similar RTP was also found in electron‐rich N/F systems, namely, BN and BF3 (BF4−). Importantly, the vacant
orbital of B was found to contribute to the relevant unoccupied molecular orbitals involved in excitation, which is different from previous reports on phosphorescence from arylboronic acids. The results confirm the unique role of B as a versatile structure motif for construction of new RTP materials.
Low Power, Low Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure Plasma‐Induced Polymerization: Facile Synthesis and Crystal Regulation of Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: He Juan , Jiang Xue , Xu Fujian , Li Chenghui , Long Zhou , Chen Hanjiao , Hou Xiandeng
Published: February 2021

Low temperature and atmospheric pressure plasma‐induced polymerization was demonstrated as a fast and facile strategy for tailoring of packing phase of COF‐1 as well as preparing diverse covalent organic frameworks (COFs) including both two‐dimensional (2D) COFs and three‐dimensional (3D) COFs. By regulating the solvents, the fast construction of well‐ordered AB staggered COF‐1 and AA eclipsed COF‐1 was facilely realized in minutes. The plasma approach presented here led to the rapid preparation of eight classical 2D COFs, including boronate ester‐linkage (COF‐5, COF‐8 and COF‐10), azine‐linkage (NUS‐2), β‐ketoenamine‐linkage (TpPa, TPBD), imine‐linkage (ILCOF‐1, Py‐COF), and 3D‐COF‐102 (boroxine linkage) in less than 1 hour. Different from conventional methods, the proposed methodology required much less time, lower power, no extra heating, inert‐gas protection and pressure. The fast nucleation and growth of COFs with good crystallinity, morphology and thermal stability can be achieved under mild conditions.
Stereoselective and Stereospecific Triflate‐Mediated Intramolecular Schmidt Reaction: Ready Access to Alkaloid Skeletons**
Authors: Gnägi Lars , Arnold Remo , Giornal Florence , Jangra Harish , Kapat Ajoy , Nyfeler Erich , Schärer Robin M. , Zipse Hendrik , Renaud Philippe
Published: February 2021

The stereoselectivity and stereospecificity of the triflate‐mediated intramolecular Schmidt reaction of substituted 3‐(1‐azidocyclohexyl)propanol derivatives leading to octahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]azepine, the structural skeleton of several important families of alkaloids such as the Stemona alkaloids, has been examined. The reaction involves an initial intramolecular SN2 reaction between the azide moiety and the triflate affording an intermediate spirocyclic aminodiazonoium salt that undergoes the expected 1,2‐shift/N2‐elimination followed by hydride‐mediated iminium salt reduction. Remarkably, chiral alcohols are converted to the azabicyclic derivative with no or limited racemization. The initial asymmetric alcohol center controls the diastereoselectivity of the whole process, leading to the formation of one out of the four possible diastereoisomers of disubstituted octahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]azepine. The origin of the stereoselectivity is rationalized based on theoretical calculations. The concise synthesis of (−)‐(cis)‐3‐propylindolizidine and (−)‐(cis)‐3‐butyllehmizidine, two alkaloids found in the venom of workers of the ant Myrmicaria melanogaster, is reported.
A nano‐Fe3O4 material coated with AM/AMPS copolymer for viscosity enhancement at harsh reservoir conditions
Authors: Qin Wenlong , Li Ruixuan , Li Hanxi , Jiang Guanfeng , Qin Guowei , Wang Yang , Yang Jiang
Published: February 2021

A Fe3O4 nonaparticles coated with acrylamide/2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid copolymer(Fe3O4‐Polymer NPs) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization. The structure of Fe3O4‐Polymer NPs was then characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermo‐gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, the rheological properties of Fe3O4‐Polymer NPs solution were systematically studied. The results showed that when dosage of hydrophobic Fe3O4‐Oleic NPs is 10%, the synthesized Fe3O4‐Polymer NPs was with the best viscosity enhancement performance, and the maximum saturation magnetization could reach to 20.0 emu/g. The apparent viscosity value of 5000 mg/L magnetic nano‐composite solution was 154.6 mPa·s at 30°C. It shows strong viscosity enhancement ability and good temperature performance. Hence, it has great application potential in well stimulation of medium and high temperature oil and gas reservoirs.
Involvement of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Channel 2 in the Induction of Lubricin and Suppression of Ectopic Endochondral Ossification in Mouse Articular Cartilage
Authors: Nakamoto Hideki , Katanosaka Yuki , Chijimatsu Ryota , Mori Daisuke , Xuan Fengjun , Yano Fumiko , Omata Yasunori , Maenohara Yuji , Murahashi Yasutaka , Kawaguchi Kohei , Yamagami Ryota , Inui Hiroshi , Taketomi Shuji , Taniguchi Yuki , Kanagawa Motoi , Naruse Keiji , Tanaka Sakae , Saito Taku
Published: February 2021

Objective

Transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 2 (TRPV2) is a Ca2+‐permeable channel and plays a role in mediating intracellular Ca2+ current via mechanical stimuli. This study was undertaken to examine the expression and role of TRPV2 in adult articular cartilage and the development of osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods

We examined TRPV2 expression in mouse and human articular cartilage. We analyzed the development of OA in Col2a1‐CreERt2;Trpv2fl/fl mice and Trpv2fl/fl littermates in the resection of the medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament model (n = 5 each), the destabilization of the medial meniscus model (n = 5 each), and the aging mouse model (n = 8–9 each). We examined marker protein expression in these joints, Ca2+ influx by mechanical stimuli, and downstream pathways in vitro.

Results

TRPV2 was expressed in mouse and human articular cartilage and ectopic ossification lesions. In all mouse models of OA examined, Col2a1‐CreERt2;Trpv2fl/fl mice were observed to have enhanced degradation of articular cartilage accompanied by decreased expression of lubricin/Prg4, and marked formation of periarticular ectopic ossification. Mechanical stress–induced Ca2+ influx was decreased by Trpv2 knockout (KO). Prg4 induction by fluid‐flow shear stress was diminished in Trpv2‐KO mouse chondrocytes, and this was mediated by the Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase‐cyclic AMP response element binding protein axis. Hypertrophic differentiation was enhanced in Trpv2‐KO mouse chondrocytes. Increased activity of calcineurin and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor in activated T cells 1 induced by fluid‐flow shear stress or TRP agonist treatment was reversed by Trpv2 knockout.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrate regulation of articular cartilage by TRPV2 through Prg4 induction and suppression of ectopic ossification.
Frequency‐shifting‐based algebraic approach to extended state observer design
Authors: Kasac Josip , Pender Antonia , Pranjic Marko , Kotarski Denis
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a frequency‐shifting‐based (FSB) algebraic approach to the extended state observer (ESO) design is proposed. The proposed algebraic approach provides almost instantaneous convergence toward the exact values of the system states and disturbances. The main benefit of the proposed approach is the elimination of the peaking phenomenon, which is inevitable in the case of the conventional observer design. In comparison with the linear ESO, the proposed algebraic ESO is less sensitive to the choice of the observer bandwidth, and it is more robust to the measurement noise. The simulation and experimental results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algebraic approach in comparison with the linear ESO.
Neutron star kick velocity induced by neutrino chirality flip and a lower bound for the neutrino magnetic moment
Authors: Ayala Alejandro , Langarica Santiago Bernal , Hernández‐Ortiz Saul , Hernández Luis Alberto , Manreza‐Paret Daryel
Published: February 2021

We study the neutrino chirality flip during the birth of a neutron star, produced in a core made of strange quark matter. This mechanism is applied to the neutron star kick velocity problem and we show that it is efficient when the neutrino magnetic moment is not smaller than 4.7 × 10−15μB, where μB is the Bohr magneton. When this lower bound is combined with the most stringent upper bound, our results set a range for the neutrino magnetic moment given by 4.7 × 10−15 ≤ μν/μB ≤ (0.1 − 0.4) × 10−11. The obtained kick velocities for natal conditions are consistent with the observed ones and span the correct range of radii for typical magnetic field intensities.