bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genre quantification: The functioning of “brief” and “short” in the position of definitions of genre names
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Orlova Natalia V.
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the study of the quantitative dimension of genres, in particular genres of small format and short implementations of genres in general, has increased due to the need to “compress” information of various types in modern communications, insufficient knowledge of the patterns of functioning of short and abbreviated texts/discourses, attention to the quantitative aspects of speech in terms of their value. The problematic situation is defined by the author as a contradiction between the ascertainment of the prototypical nature of texts of small volume, rather complete descriptions of a number of small-format genres, on the one hand, and the lack of clarification of the factors that allow or do not allow the genre to function in a short (short, incomplete, abbreviated) mode. The purpose of the study is to identify and describe the circumstances that determine the external differentiation and internal variability of genres based on the quantitative characteristics of “brief” and “short”. It is a corpus research, the data about genres was formed on the corpus basis, the names of which formed the right contexts of the adjectives “brief” and “short” in the main body of the Russian National Corpus. It has been established that as “brief” are defined the realizations of genres that involve a written form, expansion, a rational strategy of text generation, standard content. “Short” versions are attributed to oral genres in which the subject of speech is free to choose the strategy and semantic content of the text. Brief forms can form institutionally fixed variants of genres, independent genres and represent individual realizations of the genre. The attitude of speech subjects to the choice of a short form depends on many pragmatic factors, it is rather approved than condemned.
ONOMOTOPEIA AS A MEANS OF EXPRESSIVENESS IN A GRAPHIC NOVEL: SOME NUANCES OF TRANSLATION
Authors: Bozhko I. S. , Kalinichenko A.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to onomatopoeia as a means of expressiveness in a graphic novel, to be precise, to the peculiarities of the translation of onomatopoeic words from French into Ukrainian. The purpose of the study is to find out the characteristic traits of onomatopoeia in a graphic novel and analyze its translation strategies, compiling a mini-dictionary of onomatopoeias (language pair French — Ukrainian). In the course of the research, it was found that the graphic novel relies on a purely visual and textual component. It is the visual accompaniment of colors, text and drawing style that helps to understand how to perceive onomatopoeia in context. Such an artistic tool as a speech bubble is also responsible for conveying the meaning of onomatopoeia, so the shape, size, and style of letters must be taken into account during interpretation. When working on the translation of onomatopoeia in graphic novels, it is necessary to rely on general linguistic knowledge, analyzing the type of onomatopoeia by origin (human sounds, animal sounds, nature sounds, sounds of objects) and the meaning of formative onomatopes for a more effective selection of analogues. At the same time, the process of translation is primarily a creative process, so it is impossible to offer a specific model of work on the text. Having studied the ways of translating onomatopoeia in a number of comics about Tintin (Hergé) and in “Persepolis” (Marjan Satrapi), we came to the conclusion that the translators used the following strategies: transcription / transliteration; partial adaptation (replacement of one or two letters); complete replacement of the onomatopoeic word with a word specific to the Ukrainian language; full replacement of the word with partial replacement of the meaning; replacing the onomatopoeia with the root of the corresponding verb. Common in translation practice is the addition and removal of certain elements (onomatopoeia included), which is generally not approved, but is not a drawback provided that the author’s intention is followed. Often the translator has to combine strategies to achieve an accurate and expressive result.
ENGLISH MARINE TERMINOLOGY: STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Kivenko I. O.
Published: March 2024

The present article is an attempt to study English marine terminology which turns out to be topical these days and has been determined by several factors. Firstly, shipping and maritime trade are of great importance in the life of the English people. Secondly, increase of the role of science and technology in the development of mankind leads to the constantly growing role of terminology in modern language. Despite the fact that English marine terminology serves as an object of investigation in the works of many Ukrainian linguists, a number of issues remain relevant and require further research. The aim of the given work is to study structural and semantic characteristics of the English marine terminology system. To achieve the set aim, a number of tasks have been performed: the concepts “terminology” and “terminological system” have been distinguished; the existing classifications have been considered and the composition of the main thematic groups of the English marine terminology system has been outlined; the word-forming features of the English marine terminology have been analyzed and the words belonging to the marine theme have been systematized, taking into account the most productive ways of word formation. The object of our study is English marine terminological units, expressions, idioms related to shipbuilding and seafaring. The subject of our study embraces the structural and semantic characteristics of the English marine terminology, which allows to understand its structure and facilitates its study by specialists in the relevant field. Research methods include the following: descriptive method that helps to establish structural and semantic features of marine terminology units; method of component analysis that allows to establish the semantic features of English marine terms; continuous sampling method which is helpful for selection of data researched. According to structural types, terms are divided into: simple; derivatives; complex; phrase-terms (compound); terms-abbreviations; terms-literal conventional designations; terms-symbols (signs); half-sign terms; nomenclature. The formation of marine terms occurs morphologically and syntactically, there are many borrowings from different languages of the Indo-European family.
THE SHIFT FROM «RP» TO «MODERN RP» AMONG THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE BRITISH ROYAL FAMILY
Authors: Matiienko-Silnytska A. V.
Published: March 2024

English is not a single, uniform system. There are many dialects and accents of English, both in the British Isles and overseas. Indeed, we can speak of many Englishes around the world. The article focuses mainly on two varieties of English pronunciation. The research is dedicated to the type of British pronunciation most established as a teaching standard. This is not spoken by most people in Britain, but it’s understood throughout Britain and beyond. It’s mainly spoken in the south of England, and used widely in news, TV and movies. The standard British accent used to be known everywhere as Received Pronunciation (RP), but the term is used much less by British phoneticians today. Other names include Standard Southern British (SSB), which describes what it actually is, and also “BBC English” and “General British”. The existing descriptions of standard British English pronunciation, known as RP, are outdated. People who speak like the late Queen now sound old-fashioned. The article describes the various changes that have taken place since about 1950 in the kind of pronunciation usually taught to British-oriented learners and teachers of English as a foreign, second, or additional language. Essentially this is a comparison between RP, Received Pronunciation, spoken by King Charles III and its modern equivalent SSB, Standard Southern British, spoken by William and Harry. There is a lack of researches on the differences between these two accents. The kinds of speakers who constitute today’s pronunciation models are different in social terms from the typical speakers of RP, and the sound of their speech is different, too. But around the world, knowledge of British pronunciation is still rooted in RP: much of what is taught about British pronunciation is out of date. The social prestige which RP once enjoyed, and the scholarly prestige of the classic works describing it, have left a legacy of conservatism.
Influence analysis supportive educational nursing towards knowledge about TB disease in pulmonary TB sufferers
Authors: Muhtar Muhtar  , Aniharyati Aniharyati  , Dian Vitasari  , Kushariyadi
Published: March 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease which is one of the 10 main causes of death worldwide and is the main cause of death due to infectious diseases. The researcher aims to further explore the influence of family-based supportive-educative nursing interventions on increasing the knowledge of pulmonary TB sufferers in the city of Bima. This research used a quasi-experimental design in the form of a pretest-posttest with control group design. SampleinstudyThese are all pulmonary TB sufferers who are undergoing TB treatment from June to September 2023 who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. ficay and compliance with swallowing medication from the pre-test and post-test results given to the treatment group and the control group. The alternative hypothesis is accepted if the p value is ≤ 0.05. The knowledge of pulmonary TB sufferers from the post test results in the treatment group is mostly in the good category, while in the control group most of it is in the sufficient category. Increasing the knowledge of patients and their families in caring for pulmonary TB sufferers in the treatment group cannot be separated from the provision of knowledge about the concept of pulmonary TB disease, treatment of pulmonary TB disease, and self-care activities for pulmonary TB sufferers provided during treatment using health education, guidance and counseling methods. as well as demonstrations of ways to self-care for pulmonary TB sufferers at home.
Ensayo daviliano: mago de la abyección y la trascendencia
Authors: Vela Hidalgo Alejandra
Published: March 2024

Los ensayos de Dávila Andrade (1984, Obras Completas II) se abordan como testimonios de su quehacer poético; nos dan claves para entender sus posturas literarias. Para demostrar esto, se los compara con los comentarios críticos de Dávila Vázquez (1993, 1998, 2007), Vintimilla (2012) y Carrión (2018). Los ensayos hablan se su preocupación por acceder a un estado trascendental, además, del poeta como mago. En un primer momento, paralelo al de su primer período poético, se halla que Dávila Andrade se interesaba por personajes que exploraban la esencia de las cosas. Esta preocupación, a medida que avanza en su trayectoria, se traslada a una introspección visceral. El cuerpo entonces se torna central en su estética porque lo entiende como la materialidad que transita entre vida y muerte. La vida misma se vuelve un estado paradójico, adjetivo de la finitud del ser que se encarna en el cuerpo enfermo y femenino.
La fragosa ruta de la poética
Authors: Pazos Barrera Julio
Published: March 2024

Escribir a tientas; ni siquiera me guiaban las generalidades de la lengua. Escribía cortos segmentos y en ocasiones los rimaba con la fórmula abab. Esos papeles fueron al fuego. Se trató de una poética de la intuición, según la acepción 4.Fil. del DLE, intuición: “Percepción íntima e instantánea de una idea o una verdad que aparece como evidente a quien la tiene”. Esta actitud atravesó la lengua y la convirtió en comunicación inútil, pero emotiva.
Effects of polyamines and indole on the expression of ribosome hibernation factors in Escherichia coli at the translational level
Authors: Khaova E. A. , Tkachenko A. G.
Published: March 2024

Polyamines and indole are small regulatory molecules that are involved in the adaptation to stress in bacteria, including the regulation of gene expression. Genes, the translation of which is under the regulatory effects of polyamines, form the polyamine modulon. Previously, we showed that polyamines upregulated the transcription of genes encoding the ribosome hibernation factors RMF, RaiA, SRA, EttA and RsfS in Escherichia coli. At the same time, indole affected the expression at the transcriptional level of only the raiA and rmf genes. Ribosome hibernation factors reversibly inhibit translation under stress conditions, including exposure to antibiotics, to avoid resource waste and to conserve ribosomes for a quick restoration of their functions when favorable conditions occur. In this work, we have studied the influence of indole on the expression of the raiA and rmf genes at the translational level and regulatory effects of the polyamines putrescine, cadaverine and spermidine on the translation of the rmf, raiA, sra, ettA and rsfS genes. We have analyzed the mRNA primary structures of the studied genes and the predicted mRNA secondary structures obtained by using the RNAfold program for the availability of polyamine modulon features. We have found that all of the studied genes contain specific features typical of the polyamine modulon. Furthermore, to investigate the influence of polyamines and indole on the translation of the studied genes, we have constructed the translational reporter lacZ-fusions by using the pRS552/λRS45 system. According to the results obtained, polyamines upregulated the expression of the rmf, raiA and sra genes, the highest expression of which was observed at the stationary phase, but did not affect the translation of the ettA and rsfS genes, the highest expression of which took place during the exponential phase. The stimulatory effects were polyamine-specific and observed at the stationary phase, when bacteria are under multiple stresses. In addition, the data obtained demonstrated that indole significantly inhibited translation of the raiA and rmf genes, despite the stimulatory effect on their transcription. This can suggest the activity of a posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism of indole on gene expression.
„Rodzinna Atmosfera” i „Uprzejma Obsługa”. W stronę substantywnej teorii obsługi ruchu turystycznego – komunikat z badań
Authors: Konecki Tadeusz
Published: March 2024

Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek przeprowadza współczesną obronę hedonizmu, biorąc pod uwagę argumenty filozoficzne, neuronaukowe i psychologiczne. Stawia śmiałą tezę, że przyjemność to stan mentalny, który sam w sobie jest „godny pożądania”. Porusza zagadnienia: dobrostanu, szczęścia, dobrego życia, wartości i perfekcjonizmu. Podejmuje też polemikę z takimi filozofami, jak Robert Nozick, Gilbert Ryle i Fred Feldman.
Życie człowieka może być dobre na wiele sposobów. Można być wybitną pianistką, której chcą słuchać ludzie na całym świecie, najlepszym kucharzem, który dostał kolejną gwiazdkę Michelin, podziwianą pięknością, której pożąda wielu mężczyzn. Czy jest coś wspólnego tym różnym drogom dobrego życia, co pozwala nam dokonać pozytywnej oceny, nawet jeśli jest ona ograniczona tylko do pewnego jego aspektu? Kiedy możemy powiedzieć o naszym własnym życiu, że jest dobre? Co jest naszym dobrostanem i w jaki sposób mamy go realizować w naszym życiu? Będę bronić tezy, że tym, co dla nas ostatecznie dobre, jest przyjemność rozumiana jako godny pożądania stan świadomości.
Cytisus Legume Association Interests on Oak Growth and Cork Quality
Authors: Ennajah A. , Kachout S. Sai , Kailene J. , Touhami I. , Mechergui R. , Baraket M. , Nasr Z.
Published: March 2024

Background: The cork oak is the major forest element of northern Tunisia, especially in Kroumirie. It is a species of greatecological, economic and social value, with a natural distribution limited to the western Mediterranean basin. Following serious biotic and abiotic problems, oak forests have been greatly affected and their natural regeneration has become very difficult, even almost absent these last years marked by last climatic changes. The association of cork oak with autochthonous plant species such as leguminous is an original research to resolve this problem. As part of this reflection, the association of the cork oak with Cytisusvillosus could positively influence its growth and productivity by providing the nutrients necessary for its survival in the face of climatic constraints. Methods: The study was conducted in two sites in the Kroumirie (Ain Draham and El Feija forests). In each site two populations of the same bioclimatic stage are chosen: a population of only cork oak and a cork oak population associated with Cytisusvillosus. Several parameters were measured on trees at each population: morphological (height, circumference, leaf area index LMA) ecophysiological (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration) and cork quality (porosity, humidity, quality) parameters. Result: The oaks with legumes in both Ain Drahem and Feija sites showed highly significant differences compared to the other two populations without association; for morphological and ecophysiological parameters. In the same way, statistical analysis has shown that the cork oak trees in Feija population with Cytisus have better cork quality than other populations. We can conclude that the cork oak behaves better and have higher growth and better cork quality in the presence of legumimous species like Cytisusvillosus. Such results could encourage the reintroduction of this legume especially in degraded areas of cork oaks for their maintenance and preservation especially in the current climate conditions.
Synthesis of Smart Packaging from Cellulose Acetate with The Addition of AgNO3 as An Antibacterial Substance
Authors: Febryanti Amalyah , Benu Marlon , Aferta Lusi , Siswara I.M , Mulijani Sri , Alif Alfiah
Published: March 2024

Synthesis of smart packaging from cellulose acetate with the addition of AgNO3 as an antibacterial substance has been investigated. The purpose of this study is to fabricate smart packaging from cellulose acetate with the addition of AgNO3 as an antibacterial substance. The method used was solution casting. In addition, this study was also characterizing the smart packaging, they included tensile strength and elongation percent test, antibacterial test, morphology analysis using SEM, and biodegradability test. The plastics obtained were clearly yellow, not easily damaged, a little thick, and the smooth surface and slightly bubbly. The largest tensile strength of plastic was 0.0661 MPa, it found in sample No. 2, while the smallest tensile strength was 0.027 MPa, it found in sample No. 1. The greatest elongation value at break was 5% found in sample No. 4, while the smallest elongation value at break was 3.5% in sample No. 3. The result of antibacterial test reported that the freshest mangoes were shown by samples No. 1 and No. 2; while the fast-rotting mangoes were shown in the sample No. 3 and No. 4. The results of the SEM test showed the presence of nano-sized particles that spreaded in the plastic body. The greatest degradability degree were sample No. 4 about 0.0009 g/day with the percentage of mass loss about 17.38%. Futhermore, cellulose acetate can be used as a basic material for making plastics. The addition of AgNO3 in plastic synthesis can help to delay the process of fruit spoilage caused by bacteria.
Padecimientos de la cabeza y la mente en la población chol de Calakmul, Campeche. Desigualdades estructurales y pluralismo terapéutico
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México - Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas - Centro de Estudios Mayas, Rodríguez Ceja Gabriela E.
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo se enmarcó con el objetivo de analizar el proceso salud-enfermedad-atención en relación con los padecimientos de la cabeza y de la mente entre la población chol, desde una perspectiva multidimensional que recupera su carácter de hecho social, cultural, político y económico. Partiendo del concepto de itinerario terapéutico, hay una aproximación a los procesos hermenéuticos y prácticos que han llevado los propios autores para significar y afrontar los padecimientos. El estudio ha mostrado que las comunidades han ido modificando sus concepciones sobre las concepciones sobre la enfermedad a partir de su relación con la sociedad nacional. Es así como se observa que actualmente existen recursos curativos además de los tradicionales, que se han convertido en alternativas de suma relevancia para algunas familias, principalmente a la medicina científica, aunque también a prácticas populares como la espiritista o las vinculadas a iglesias no católicas. Dos puntos clave en el análisis han sido cómo se relacionas las personas y las familias con esas distintas formas de atención, y bajo qué lógicas o dinámicas eligen a los curadores u optan por cambiar de sistema médico. Se analiza tanto la dimensión cultural como la estructural, así como las tensiones e interacciones entre ambas.
Aristas de la Alfabetización Financiera en la Competitividad Empresarial
Authors: Castañeda Acuña Elsa Roxana , Sinforoso Martínez Saulo
Published: March 2024

En la actualidad, las organizaciones deben fortalecer sus ventajas competitivas para responder a los cambios que impone la globalización. La alfabetización financiera está relacionada con la competitividad. Sin embargo, es un tema poco abordado en el ámbito organizacional y plantea disyuntivas a fortalecer.  
OBJETIVO: Analizar propiedades, brechas e implicaciones del alfabetismo financiero y la competitividad organizacional para precisar esta relación.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se realizó un análisis por medio de la técnica cualitativa de teoría fundamentada.  Primero, se revisaron 44 textos académicos sobre competitividad y alfabetismo financiero obtenidos de las bases de: JSTOR; Ebsco, Wiley, Science direct, Dialnet, google académico, Flacso y Scielo; para posteriormente, clasificar, ordenar y obtener categorías de análisis para analizar propiedades, brechas e implicaciones entre ambos constructos.
RESULTADOS: La mayor parte de los estudios atiende a elementos financieros y procesos administrativos, asociados de manera positiva a la obtención de rendimientos; la eficiencia en el desempeño financiero; la sostenibilidad del emprendimiento; adaptación tecnológica, entre otros.
CONCLUSIONES: El alfabetismo financiero fortalece funciones organizacionales necesarias para el desarrollo de ventajas competitivas. No obstante, la revisión teórica arroja diferentes implicaciones sobre el alcance conceptual y metodológico del alfabetismo financiero, debido a las diferentes percepciones del conocimiento financiero y su aplicación.
Percepción del Impacto Económico de la Pandemia de COVID-19 en las Microempresas de Tabasco y el Papel del Internet en su Preservación
Authors: López Moreno Cristina del Carmen , García Rodríguez José Félix
Published: March 2024

OBJETIVO: Analizar e identificar el impacto económico de la pandemia en las MIPYMES de Tabasco, así como describir el papel jugado por el internet en la preservación de estas empresas.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: El diseño de la investigación es descriptivo, documental y exploratorio con enfoque cuantitativo. La población objeto de estudio está compuesta por 70 microempresas de Villahermosa, Tabasco. En la recopilación de información, se aplicó un cuestionario adaptado del instrumento aplicado por INEGI acerca del impacto económico generado por el COVID-19 en las empresas.
RESULTADOS: La disminución de ingresos de las MIPYMES constituyó el principal problema, ya que condujo al cierre parcial o definitivo de la empresa, puesto que éstos ya no eran suficientes para mantenerlas operando. Como respuesta, optaron por realizar home office y tratar de adaptarse a la nueva realidad.
CONCLUSIONES: Las microempresas entrevistadas sufrieron afectaciones económicas durante la pandemia, como son: reducción del personal, incremento de retrasos en el pago de sus adeudos por parte de sus clientes y compradores, disminución de la demanda, cancelación de sus pedidos y disminución de sus ingresos. El uso del internet significó una estrategia fundamental para su permanencia.
PALABRAS CLAVE: COVID-19, Mipymes, Internet, Tecnología de la información.
Comercio Justo en un Entorno Digital desde la Perspectiva Urbana en Mérida, Yucatán, México
Authors: Hernández Islas Mireya Noemi , Godínez Molina Gina Estefanía , Cruz Chim Annel Jhoana
Published: March 2024

OBJETIVO: Conocer la familiaridad de los habitantes de las zonas urbanas de Mérida, Yucatán, México, para comprar por medios digitales, frutas y verduras provenientes del comercio justo y tener un canal de comercialización adecuado con las nuevas generaciones.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se determinó una investigación con enfoque cuantitativo y alcances exploratorios, así como, un diseño transversal. Por el tipo de datos utilizados, el paradigma a utilizar es cuantitativo, por medio de la recolección y análisis de información medibles.
RERULTADOS: La población estudiada dio indicios de estar alfabetizada tecnológicamente hablando, es decir, en su mayoría incorporan el uso de internet y las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en su vida cotidiana, siendo la Generación Z y la Millennial las que mayor conocimiento tienen de estas.
CONCLUSIONES: El consumo digital ya no está a discusión, cada vez es más común que estos comportamientos de consumo se vuelven inherentes al estilo de vida, por lo mismo es importante incorporar esta actividad al comercio justo de productos del campo.
Seyahatnamelerde Bursa’nın Alımlanma Biçimleri: Fahrunnisa Hanım, Hüseyin Vassaf, Hikmet Arif, Ahmet Haşim ve Tanpınar örnekleri
Authors: ÇETİN Seda
Published: March 2024

Gezilen yerleri etraflıca tanıma, bilgi toplama, okura söz konusu yerlerle ilgili rehberlik etme amacını güden seyahatname edebiyatın en eski türlerinden biridir. Bu tür, 19 ve 20. yüzyıllarda yaşanan gelişmeler dolayısıyla çok daha fazla önemli hâle gelmiştir. Yerli ve yabancı seyyahların dikkatini yüzlerce yıldır üzerine çeken Bursa’ya bu dönemlerde yapılan seyahatler ise ayrı bir değer taşır. Büyük yıkımların ve dönüşümlerin yaşandığı bu çağlarda Bursa’ya gelen yerli seyyahlar şehirde gezip gördüklerini yazıya geçirirlerken kendi zamanlarında şehrin alımlanma biçimlerine dair de örnek vermiş olurlar. Bu çalışma birbirlerine yakın dönemlerde gerçekleşmiş Fahrunnisa Hanım’ın Hüdavendigâr Vilayetinde Kısmen Bir Cevelan (1896), Hüseyin Vassaf’ın Bursa Hatırası (1896), Hikmet Arif’in Bursa Seyahati (1922) isimli eserleriyle Ahmet Haşim’in ‘Gurabahâne-i Laklakan’ (1923) ve Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın Beş Şehir’inde yer alan ‘Bursa’da Zaman’ (1946) denemeleri özelinde Bursa’nın alımlanış biçimlerine odaklanmıştır. Farklı bakış açılarına sahip bu seyyahların Bursa’ya yönelik algılarında görülen çeşitlilik ise hem seyyahların kişiliklerinin hem de devrin şartlarının zorunlu bir sonucudur. 1896-1946 aralığında yayımlanmış olan bu eserlerin birlikte ele alınmış olmaları, şehirde değişenin yalnızca insan ve insan ilişkileri olmadığını, mekânların da başka bir algıyla zihinlerde yeni baştan inşa edildiklerini ortaya çıkarması bakımından da kıymetlidir.
Changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services at an urban trauma center in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, comparative study
Authors: Zhu Kevin Y. , Sun Kristie J. , Breslin Mary A. , Kalina Jr. Mark , Moon Tyler , Furdock Ryan , Vallier Heather A.
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This study investigated changes in interpersonal violence and utilization of trauma recovery services during the COVID-19 pandemic. At an urban level I trauma center, trauma recovery services (TRS) provide education, counseling, peer support, and coordination of rehabilitation and recovery to address social and mental health needs. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted considerable changes in hospital services and increases in interpersonal victimization. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted between September 6, 2018 and December 20, 2020 for 1,908 victim-of-crime patients, including 574 victims of interpersonal violence. Outcomes included length of stay associated with initial TRS presentation, number of subsequent emergency department visits, number of outpatient appointments, and utilization of specific specialties within the year following the initial traumatic event. Results: Patients were primarily female (59.4%), single (80.1%), non-Hispanic (86.7%), and Black (59.2%). The mean age was 33.0 years, and 247 patients (49.2%) presented due to physical assault, 132 (26.3%) due to gunshot wounds, and 76 (15.1%) due to sexual assault. The perpetrators were primarily partners (27.9%) or strangers (23.3%). During the study period, 266 patients (mean, 14.9 patients per month) presented before the declaration of COVID-19 as a national emergency on March 13, 2020, while 236 patients (mean, 25.9 patients per month) presented afterward, representing a 74.6% increase in victim-of-crime patients treated. Interactions with TRS decreased during the COVID-19 period, with an average of 3.0 interactions per patient before COVID-19 versus 1.9 after emergency declaration (P<0.01). Similarly, reductions in length of stay were noted; the pre–COVID-19 average was 3.6 days, compared to 2.1 days post–COVID-19 (P=0.01). Conclusions: While interpersonal violence increased, TRS interactions decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting interruption of services, COVID-19 precautions, and postponement/cancellation of elective visits. Future direction of hospital policy to enable resource and service delivery to this population, despite internal and external challenges, appears warranted.
Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in orthopedic trauma patients and a call to implement the Injured Trauma Survivor Screen as a prospective screening protocol in the United States
Authors: Nedder Victoria J. , Breslin Mary A. , Ho Vanessa P. , Vallier Heather A.
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent and is associated with protracted recovery and worse outcomes after injury. This study compared PTSD prevalence using the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) with the prevalence of PTSD risk using the Injured Trauma Survivor Screen (ITSS). Methods: Adult trauma patients at a level I trauma center were screened with the PCL-5 (sample 1) at follow-up visits or using the ITSS as inpatients (sample 2). Results: Sample 1 (n=285) had significantly fewer patients with gunshot wounds than sample 2 (n=45) (8.1% vs. 22.2%, P=0.003), nonsignificantly fewer patients with a fall from a height (17.2% vs. 28.9%, P=0.06), and similar numbers of patients with motor vehicle collision (40.7% vs. 37.8%, P=0.07). Screening was performed at a mean of 153.9 days following injury for sample 1 versus 7.1 days in sample 2. The mean age of the patients in sample 1 was 45.4 years, and the mean age of those in sample 2 was 46.1 years. The two samples had similar proportions of female patients (38.2% vs. 40.0%, P=0.80). The positive screening rate was 18.9% in sample 1 and 40.0% in sample 2 (P=0.001). For specific mechanisms, the positive rates were as follows: motor vehicle collisions, 17.2% in sample 1 and 17.6% in sample 2 (P=1.00); fall from height, 12.2% in sample 1 and 30.8% in sample 2 (P=0.20); and gunshot wounds, 39.1% in sample 1 and 80.0% in sample 2 (P=0.06).Conclusions: The ITSS was obtained earlier than PCL-5 and may identify PTSD in more orthopedic trauma patients. Differences in the frequency of PTSD may also be related to the screening tool itself, or underlying patient risk factors, such as mechanism of injury, or mental or social health.
Do’s and don’ts of microplastic research: a comprehensive guide
Authors: Prata Joana C. , Padrão Jorge , Khan Muhammad Tariq , Walker Tony R.
Published: March 2024

Microplastics are environmental contaminants consisting of small plastics ≤ 5 mm. Concerns over the adverse effects of microplastics have led to a rapid growth in the available literature despite the lack of harmonized methods and materials. Therefore, the field is becoming increasingly daunting to new researchers. A state-of-the-art guide was assembled following a comprehensive literature review of microplastics research with the intent of addressing contemporary challenges, prioritized based on a survey, and introducing best practices. The lack of standardized methods and reference materials, the lack of access to analytical equipment, and the difficulty in working with lower environmental concentrations in laboratory tests (e.g., toxicity assays) remain a great challenge. The present work addresses these issues across three main sections: definitions, sampling, and evaluation of adverse effects. Harmonized methods and greater collaboration were identified as opportunities in this rapidly evolving field. A review of available interlaboratory comparison tests was also conducted to support additional recommendations.
On some methodical aspects of estimation of intergroup morphological variability in growth studies
Authors: Gorbacheva A.K. , Kalyuzniy E.A. , Fedotova T.K.
Published: March 2024

The significance of growth activity peak in screening studies of children and adolescents as biomarker of chronobiological status of the population is the focus of present research. The broad spectrum of samples (N = 43), including different ethno-territorial groups of Russia and former USSR, examined throughout a wide historical period of second half of 20th — beginning of 21st century, was included in the analysis. The material source was data from literature and authors’ own databases. The following indicators of growth activity peak were calculated for each group: age (in years) of the maximal velocity of growth changes of the average level of height through the adolescence, estimated by empiric rows of annual changes of mean height with further smoothing by the least squares method — separately for boys and girls; its absolute value (cm) and chronological age (years). Intragroup sexual differences of these characteristics were considered as well. The subsequent statistical analysis (Statistica 10 package was used) revealed, that intergroup distribution of age at peak height velocity was not Gaussian and gravitated towards bimodality for both sexes. Herewith the least urbanized groups (rural Abkhazians and urban Mongolians) were excluded from analysis due to the specificity of the dynamic lines of height gains. The factor analysis established auton-omy of pubertal growth acceleration of male and female teenagers — the first factor describes growth activity for males, the second one — for females. The analysis of intergeneration dynamics of age at peak height velocity, on the example of Moscow boys and girls, established, that the used parameter might indicate occasional changes of quality of life of a population (for ex-ample, introduction of free school lunches during the NEP period), as well as more global changes (intensified urbanization throughout the 20th century). The results of the study suggest that the variability of the growth activity peak parameters indicate significant social/anthropogenic base of chronobiological status of the population and independent growth strategies of males and females, which allows considering it as valid and promising biomarker in population growth studies.
Non-ferrous metal of the Bronze Age of Northern Kazakhstan: geochemical characteristics and ore base
Authors: Artemyev D.A. , Degtyareva A.D. , Kuzminykh S.V. , Orlovskaya L.B.
Published: March 2024

The chemical composition of 29 copper and bronze artifacts from the sites of the Petrovka and Alakul Cultures located be-tween the Tobol and Ishim Rivers (the burial grounds of Bekteniz and Dzhangildy 5, and the sites of Novonikolskoye 1 and Semioz-ernoye 2; Northern Kazakhstan) were analysed using mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma and laser ablation. The sites are 14C dated to the interval between the 19th–17th centuries BC. In the examined sample, the leading metallurgical group with a slight prevalence in both Petrovka and Alakul metals was “pure” copper; the second part of the metal was represented by tin bronzes — low-alloyed (up to 8 wt.% Sn) in the Petrovka, and high-alloyed (Sn up to 21 wt.%) in the Alakul Culture. The statistical analysis of the main components of trace elements in the metal demonstrated a division into six main geochemical groups. Among these, tin bronzes with an uninterpretable copper component (10 specimens), “pure” copper of Ural origin with Fe-Co-Ni-As-Zn correlations (9 specimens), and “pure” copper with polymetallic Sn-Pb-As-Ag-Se specialization (10 copies), corresponding to the ores of copper deposits of the Kokshetau anticlinorium, can be identified. An overview of the tectonic structures of Northern Ka-zakhstan shows the nearby presence of several porphyry copper and skarn deposits with ancient mines (Imantau, Baksinskoye, Akkan-Burlukskoye, etc.), which likely served as sources of copper ore. Closely associated with these are Greisen and quartz-vein-greisen tin deposits, but there is no reliable information about their use in ancient times. According to the composition of tin alloys in the analysed metal, two main types can be distinguished: tin (without correlation with other impurity elements) when using pure cassiterite, and tin-lead (with increased concentrations and correlation of As, Au, Bi, etc.) when using cassiterite-sulfide ores. The data show the association of the Bronze Age sites of Northern Kazakhstan with the ore and raw materials base in this region, and the intensity of trade exchange of metallurgical products between the Ural and Kazakhstan centers of metal production.
The case of a mass death of livestock in the Early Iron Age in the steppe zone of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kosintsev P.A. , Beisenov A.Z. , Bachura O.P. , Akhiyarov I.K. , Gimranov D.O.
Published: March 2024

A mass burial of complete and almost complete cattle and small ruminant skeletons found in a pit within the Early Iron Age settlement of Abylai in Central Kazakhstan (49°15'N, 75°07'E) has been studied. The results of archaeological research and archeozoological contexts have shown that the animals’ burial was a single event. The aim of the work was to determine the reasons for the formation of this accumu-lation. The analysis of skeletal element composition, animal age composition, and the season of their death has been performed. A com-parison of species composition, skeletal element composition, age composition, season of animals’ death and taphonomic features be-tween samples from the pit and the cultural layer of the settlement has been made. Significant differences between these samples have been revealed. The animals from the settlement layer were slaughtered during late autumn-winter, while animals from the pit died in early spring. The bones from the pit were almost all intact, while those from the settlement layer had characteristics typical of household waste. Bones from the “layer” have significantly more postmortem modifications than those from the “pit”. The age composition and the skeleton parts ratio between the samples are different. The analysis of the obtained data shows that in the beginning of spring 89 small ruminant and 6 cattle individuals were buried in the pit in a short period of time. According to ethnographic data, this could possibly be interpreted as the burial of animals who died as a result of spring jute. In the steppe zone of Eurasia, jute is the most frequent extreme event leading to mass death of ungulates. Jutes can happen in summer, when grass burns out with drought. But the most large-scale and frequent are winter jutes, when, due to catastrophic snowfalls, grass becomes inaccessible to animals, and spring jutes, when frosts come after a thaw. During jute, many animals die from starvation in a short time. Small ruminants are the most vulnerable because they are the least adapted to breaking ice crusts with their hooves. Cattle are less vulnerable, and even less so are horses. The following archaeological situation has been observed: all animals died in early spring; many of them were buried in a short time; the remains of small ruminants prevail, there are few cattle and no horses; most animals were probably skinned. This picture is most consistent with the burial of animals killed by jute. As an alternative hypothesis, a sacrificial nature of death of the animals has been considered. However, the combination of characteristics of the archaeological and archeozoological contexts of pit filling allows us to reject the latter hypothesis.
Collaboration between Islamic Education Teachers and Guidance Counsellors in Addressing Bullying at SMP Negeri 3 Kasihan
Authors:   Universitas Alma Ata, Indonesia, Alqodri Alqodri , Hairiyah Hairiyah ,   Universitas Alma Ata, Indonesia, Susilowati Ika Tri ,   Universitas Alma Ata, Indonesia
Published: March 2024

Various cases of bullying happened in the educational system in Indonesia, from the elementary to high school levels. The increasing number of school bullying cases poses a challenge for guidance counsellors in addressing them. Therefore, collaboration between guidance counsellors and other teachers is essential, particularly with Islamic education teachers who play a similar role in shaping students' characters. The objective of this research is to describe how collaboration takes shape between Islamic education teachers and guidance counsellors in handling bullying at SMP Negeri 3 Kasihan. This study is qualitative and employs a field research approach. Findings of the study indicate that collaboration between Islamic education teachers and guidance counsellors in addressing bullying cases at SMP Negeri 3 Kasihan is formal collaboration in the form of preventive and corrective programs. Preventive programs include: first, displaying anti-bullying posters in the school area; second, collecting gadgets/phones to prevent cyberbullying within the school; third, bringing in experts or practitioners from outside the school; fourth, organizing cultural events. As for corrective programs, they include: first, implementing individual approaches for both the perpetrators and victims of bullying (call centre); second, imposing sanctions.
Alena Tensor and Its Possible Applications in Unification Theories
Authors: Ogonowski Piotr , Skindzier Piotr
Published: March 2024

Alena Tensor is a recently discovered class of energy-momentum tensors that provides a mathematical framework in which the description of a physical system in curved spacetime and its description in a flat spacetime with fields are equivalent. As demonstrated in previous publications, in curved spacetime this tensor reproduces Einstein Field Equations and in flat Minkowski spacetime, it describes physical system with fields that can be widely configured. Thanks to the obtained compliance with QED and Electroweak Theory, the use of the discussed tensor may significantly simplify Quantum Field Theory equations. In the article it has also been shown that the use of Alena Tensor for the electromagnetic field takes into account effects related to the particle's spin, Abraham–Lorentz effect and, in the curvilinear description, this excludes non-physical phenomena such as the black hole singularity. Compatibility with QM was also demonstrated and the source of the mass of charged elementary particles was indicated. The article also discusses the prospects for the application of Alena Tensor in unification theories against the background of existing research directions.
Spontaneous Lesions of Endangered Geriatric Julia Creek Dunnarts (Sminthopsis douglasi, Archer 1979) with Emphasis in Reproductive Pathology
Authors: Gonzalez-Astudillo Viviana , Schaffer-White Andrea , Noble Lawrence , O'Hara Patricia , Murray Peter , Barnes Tamsin S. , Allavena Rachel
Published: March 2024

: Julia Creek dunnarts are an endangered species of carnivorous marsupials and the focus of multiple conservation strategies involving significant resources such as captive breeding programs. Despite the relevance for conservation, no study to date has focused on evaluating geriatric diseases in dunnarts. This study describes the pathology findings in a group of one wild and 35 captive-born, mostly geriatric Julia Creek dunnarts that failed to produce offspring over multiple breeding periods. A total of 20 females and 16 males were submitted for a postmortem examination, with ages ranging from 9-42 and 12-42 months for females and males, respectively. Of these, 10 had unremarkable findings. The most common condition in females was cystic glandular hyperplasia (n=8), typical of hormonal dysregulation profiles in senescence, particularly hyperestrogenism. Rarely, cutaneous disease represented by unidentified dermal round cell infiltrates was observed in females (n=2). Primary reproductive hormonal dysregulation was also suspected in males diagnosed with testicular degeneration, aspermatogenesis and/or atrophy (n=3). Cutaneous round cell infiltrates, possibly compatible with epitheliotropic lymphomas were seen in males (n=3), and 2/3 affected males also had concurrent testicular degeneration or atrophy, indicating male sex could be a predictor for lymphoid neoplasia in aged dunnarts especially in individuals with concurrent testosterone-luteinizing hormone dysregulation as it occurs in gonadectomized animals. The role of an underlying viral etiology is also explored. This study is the first to describe major spontaneous diseases in endangered aged Julia Creek dunnarts, providing an important understanding of senescence and geriatric diseases within a conservation context.
Integrated Multi-Cohort Analysis of Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Data Reveals Interplay between Metabolism and Methylation in Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
Authors: Alzamzami Waseem , Alatawi Sael
Published: March 2024

Objectives: Metabolic interactions amongst mutated genes in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) offer promising avenues for novel anticancer treatments. Our comprehensive study delves into these mutational and transcriptomic landscapes, pinpointing hallmark gene mutations and deregulated gene expression that could influence MDS patients’ metabolomes.
Methods: The study utilized a retrospective, cross-sectional approach, employing mutational data on the cBio Cancer Genomics Portal conducted and reported by the University of Tokyo in 2011 and multi-center MDS cohorts regulated by Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, United Kingdom, all in 2020. For transcriptomic data, we selected three publicly accessible independent cohorts on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE114922 in Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, United Kingdome, GSE63569 in University of Oxford, United Kingdome, and GSE183328 in CIMA, Spain) held in 2015, 2018, and 2022, respectively. To compile clinical, mutational, and transcriptomic data on MDS patients from multiple datasets and studies. This meta-analysis included genomic data derived from cellular genomics sources to assess mutations in specific genes, alongside an examination of transcriptomic data from three separate datasets that have been previously published.
Results: DNMT3A presented a 20% mutation frequency, playing a pivotal role in MDS metabolomics. The DNMT3A gene mutations displayed significant mutual exclusivity with the SRSF2, ASXL1, JAK2, and TP53 genes. The mutational analysis also showed that the gene expression landscape in MDS is associated with alterations to DNA methylation pathways.
Conclusion: This analysis suggests a potential therapeutic niche. Identifying signature genes in MDS that have metabolic and methylation affiliations could illuminate the disease's intricate biology and inspire novel treatments.