bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Frequency of Sleep Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease and Its Relationship with Quality of Life
Authors: Sobreira-Neto Manoel Alves , Pena-Pereira Márcio Alexandre , Sobreira Emmanuelle Silva Tavares , Chagas Marcos Hortes Nisihara , Fernandes Regina Maria França , Tumas Vitor , Eckeli Alan Luiz
Published: October 2017

Objectives: To determine the frequency of major sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), diagnosed according to the third international classification of sleep disorders, and assess the relationship of those disorders with the quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 88 consecutive patients with PD from outpatient clinic. Participants were subjected to clinical interviews, assessment using standardized scales (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, PD Questionnaire, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and, for individuals with a diagnosis of RLS/WED, International RLS/WED grading scale), and video-polysomnography. Results: We observed sleep disorders in 96.5% of the participants, with REM-sleep behavior disorder found in 62.5%, obstructive sleep apnea in 62.5%, insomnia in 55.7%, and restless legs syndrome in 28.4%. We observed a correlation between health-related quality of life with the PSQI and the Epworth sleepiness scale. Conclusion: Patients with PD have a high prevalence of sleep disorders. The quality of sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness significantly affect the quality of life in these individuals.
Significance of MRI/Transrectal Ultrasound Fusion Three-Dimensional Model-Guided, Targeted Biopsy Based on Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Systematic Biopsy in Prostate Cancer Detection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tang Yongquan , Liu Zhihong , Tang Liangyou , Zhang Ruochen , Lu Yiping , Liang Jiayu , Zou Zijun , Zhou Chuan , Wang Yujie
Published: October 2017

Purpose: To assess MRI/Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) fusion three-dimensional model-guided targeted biopsy (3D-Tb) versus TRUS-guided systematic biopsy (Sb) in detecting overall and high-Gleason-score (≥7) prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: Pubmed and Web of science were searched. Studies with men having a suspicious lesion on MRI were included, which were divided into initial biopsy, previous negative biopsy, and mixed groups in meta-analysis. Results: Totally 13 cohorts in 12 studies, with 3,225 men were included. In total population, 3D-Tb and Sb did not differ significantly in the PCa detection rate (43.1 vs. 42.6%, p = 0.36), but after excluding initial biopsy group, the superiority of 3D-Tb became significant (p = 0.01); 3D-Tb had a significantly higher detection rate of high-Gleason-score PCa compared to Sb (30.0 vs. 24.1%, p < 0.05); 3D-Tb plus Sb significantly improved the PCa detection rate based on Sb alone (52.7 vs. 42.6%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: In men with increased serum PSA and/or abnormal DRE and suspicious lesion on MRI but non-previous evidence of PCa, 3D-Tb plus Sb improves the PCa detection rate based on Sb alone. 3D-Tb alone has better performance in detecting high-Gleason-score PCa, and tends to have a higher PCa detection rate in population with previous negative biopsy compared to Sb.
Inferior Petrosal Sinus Thrombosis in a Child due to Malposition of Central Venous Catheter: A Case Report
Authors: Akıncı Burcu , Duyu Muhterem , Alkılıç Liya , Yılmaz Karapınar Deniz , Karapınar Bülent
Published: October 2017

Objective: To report a case of inferior petrosal sinus thrombosis associated with malposition of central venous catheterization (CVC). Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 5-month-old boy was admitted to Şifa University Hospital because of pneumonia. When exophthalmos occurred in the right eye, he was referred to Ege University Hospital. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance venography confirmed that the catheter in the right inferior petrosal sinus caused the thrombosis. The catheter was extracted and anticoagulant treatment was started. Conclusion: In this case report, malpositioning of the CVC was the cause of the thrombosis. To minimize such complications, catheterization should be done with the supervision of an expert and postprocedure radiography should also be performed.
A cor da MÚSICA: há uma metafísica em Hélio Oiticica
Authors: Braga Paula
Published: October 2017

A metafísica de artista de Hélio Oiticica parte do corpo para chegar à MÚSICA, estado de experiência e do fazer artístico que está para além do próprio corpo e da arte. No texto “O q Faço é MÚSICA”, Oiticica define o termo MÚSICA como uma totalidade-mundo, que é representada em outros textos pela imagem da galáxia, com seus pontos luminosos, e pelo conceito de Mundo-Abrigo, espaço estético preenchido por invenções de artistas de vários lugares e épocas e que, apesar de ser tratado como espaço, flutua ao redor do mundo sensível e do tempo, como uma outra dimensão. Este artigo percorre a obra de Oiticica à luz da ideia de expansão da arte rumo à MÚSICA.
Dentro do labirinto: Hélio Oiticica e o desafio do “público” no Brasil
Authors: Wisnik Guilherme Teixeira
Published: October 2017

A passagem do plano para o espaço, ocorrida na arte brasileira desde o final dos anos 1950, desdobra-se em trabalhos ambientais que incorporam elementos dadaístas e surrealistas à matriz construtiva original no período conhecido como “contracultura”. No Brasil, diferentemente do que ocorreu nos Estados Unidos, esse processo não se desdobrou em uma positivação da esfera pública, buscando, por outro lado, uma potencialização dos espaços marginais, tais como terrenos baldios. Assim, paradoxalmente, quando resolvem atuar no espaço urbano e público os artistas de origem construtiva, como Hélio Oiticica, acabam criando refúgios subjetivos dentro dele, remetidos à imagem metafórica do labirinto. Importantes consequências desse processo podem ser encontradas, posteriormente, em trabalhos de artistas como Cildo Meireles e Nuno Ramos.
O grande mundo da invenção
Authors: Favaretto Celso
Published: October 2017

O texto se propõe a caracterizar o que Oiticica chamou de “estado de invenção”, desencadeado com a descoberta do corpo no Parangolé e que conduziu o seu programa experimental até o fim, ao “além da arte”, através de uma cascata de proposições que efetivaram um processo de abertura das estruturas e o “sentido de construtividade” na constituição do ambiental como um redimensionamento ético-estético de transmutação da arte.
“The Whitechapel experiment”, o projeto Éden e a busca por uma experiência afetiva total
Authors: Couto Maria de Fátima Morethy
Published: October 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a exposição “The Whitechapel experiment”, de Hélio Oiticica, realizada em 1969, em Londres, discutindo a polêmica que cercou sua montagem, como se deu sua recepção na imprensa local naquele momento e como ela vem provocando novas leituras. Não tem por intenção procurar reconstituir a mostra, mas dar novos sentidos a documentos e testemunhos diversos, alguns dos quais pouco estudados, relacionando-os de modo a enfatizar a importância das experiências de Oiticica no Reino Unido para seu programa de trabalho nos anos seguintes. Ele se relaciona à pesquisa desenvolvida em estágio de pós-doutorado, no centro de pesquisa TrAIN, da University of the Arts, Londres, com bolsa Fapesp.
Entrevista com Lynn Zelevansky
Authors: Maroja Camila
Published: October 2017

Em outubro de 2016, o Carnegie Museum of Art, em Pittsburgh, inaugurou “Hélio Oiticica: to organize delirium”. Em fevereiro de 2017, foi a vez do Art Institute of Chicago, e, finalmente em julho, a exposição foi montada no Whitney Museum of American Art em Nova Iorque. Nesta entrevista, Lynn Zelevansky relata o processo de organizar a mostra no Carnegie Museum, seus primeiros contatos com o Brasil na condição de curadora-assistente do MoMA e a importância de ter em mente a audiência e o timing da exposição.
Agripina é Roma-Manhattan, um belo quase-filme de HO
Authors: Machado Junior Rubens
Published: October 2017

Não faz maior sentido perder-se em discussões sobre ser ou não inacabada a realização de Hélio Oiticica rodada na Wall Street de 1972 levando-se em conta o filme que temos visto desde 1992 (em quase todas as retrospectivas do artista mundo afora) enquanto uma obra experimental concebida a partir da prática superoitista brasileira daquele início de década. Consideramos nesta análise sua relação com essa matriz de experiência, além do diálogo profícuo do artista não só com o cinema anterior de seu país como também sua cultura, política, arte e literatura reativadas desde o século pregresso.
Parangolé-Botticelli: pensamento da montagem e razão prática da história da arte. Forma transicional e geometria do carnaval
Authors: Pérez-Oramas Luis
Published: October 2017

O autor estende a noção de objeto teórico de Louis Marin a fim de promover a interposição de elementos anacrônicos entre si, a saber, a obra de Sandro Botticelli e os Parangolés criados por Hélio Oiticica. Tal associação permite ao autor traçar certas similitudes, hipótese que denomina Parangolé-Botticelli e que pretende, antes de tudo, tecer uma reflexão sobre a arqueologia das ilusões modernas. Sendo assim, se de um lado as imagens de Botticelli comunicam uma Antiguidade para além da própria Antiguidade, os Parangolés de Oiticica falam de uma arte para além da modernidade neoconcreta com a qual o artista fora envolvido.
Pigment pur e o Corpo da côr: prática pós-pictórica e transmodernidade
Authors: Small Irene
Published: October 2017

Este artigo analisa uma incidência quase contemporânea da prática pós-pintura – o uso de pigmento bruto –, utilizada pelo artista neo-avant-garde francês Yves Klen e pelo artista brasileiro Hélio Oiticica. O uso de pigmento bruto por ambos artistas foi condicionado por uma relação autoconsciente com a história da arte modernista e do monocromo, como limite e origem da pintura. Apesar da confluência de tais orientações, os Pigments purs (pigmentos puros) de Klein e o Corpo da côr de Oiticica resultaram em orientações radicalmente divergentes, direcionadas à commodity produzida industrialmente e, portanto, ao readymade. Ao explorar as inconsistências características da commodity no Brasil desenvolvimentista, Oiticica orquestrou uma transferência do fazer do artista para o espectador, dando início a uma nova dimensão participativa no âmbito das cores modernistas.
Hélio Oiticica: folding the frame, of Irene V. Small
Authors: Anagnost Adrian
Published: October 2017

In this review of Irene V. Small’s book Hélio Oiticica: folding the frame (2016), the author’s proposal of understanding “folding the frame” as a formal and conceptual procedure that emerges from the works of the artist themselves is discussed. In addition, the proposal of a History of Art in a contemporary globalized world as a way of avoiding the applying of normative theories from Modernism and the avant-garde, as is the case of Brazil, is analyzed.
Lágrima-Pantera, a míssil: cinema Subterrânia
Authors: Duarte Theo
Published: October 2017

Propõe-se discutir o contexto específico da realização e analisar sequências do filme Lágrima-Pantera, a míssil, de Júlio Bressane, buscando-se compreender a importância da parceria e do trabalho pregresso de Hélio Oiticica em sua ideação e realização. Observa-se que esse intercâmbio é atravessado por um interesse comum pelo cinema amador e pelo cinema underground, principalmente pela valorização da precariedade dos meios, pelas potências do registro cinematográfico mais como prática do que como produto final e por sua marginalidade em relação aos campos artísticos – em um momento em que a experimentação no Brasil encontrava sérias barreiras, de modo que a marginalidade artística se tornava não somente uma opção, mas uma necessidade para a prática artística independente.
Myocardial Deformation Measured by 3-Dimensional Speckle Tracking in Children and Adolescents With Systemic Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Navarini Susanne , Bellsham-Revell Hannah , Chubb Henry , Gu Haotian , Sinha Manish D. , Simpson John M.
Published: October 2017

Systemic arterial hypertension predisposes children to cardiovascular risk in childhood and adult life. Despite extensive study of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, detailed 3-dimensional strain analysis of cardiac function in hypertensive children has not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate LV mechanics (strain, twist, and torsion) in young patients with hypertension compared with a healthy control group and assess factors associated with functional measurements. Sixty-three patients (26 hypertension and 37 normotensive) were enrolled (mean age, 14.3 and 11.4 years; 54% men and 41% men, respectively). All children underwent clinical evaluation and echocardiographic examination, including 3-dimensional strain. There was no difference in LV volumes and ejection fraction between the groups. Myocardial deformation was significantly reduced in those with hypertension compared with controls. For hypertensive and normotensive groups, respectively, global longitudinal strain was −15.1±2.3 versus −18.5±1.9 (
P
<0.0001), global circumferential strain −15.2±3 versus −19.9±3.1 (<0.0001), global radial strain +44.0±11.3 versus 63.4±10.5 (
P
<0.0001), and global 3-dimensional strain −26.1±3.8 versus −31.5±3.8 (
P
<0.0001). Basal clockwise rotation, apical counterclockwise rotation, twist, and torsion were not significantly different. After multivariate regression analyses blood pressure, body mass index and LV mass maintained a significant relationship with measures of LV strain. Similar ventricular volumes and ejection fraction were observed in hypertensive and normotensive children, but children with hypertension had significantly lower strain indices. Whether reduced strain might predict future cardiovascular risk merits further longitudinal study.
Dysregulation of Aldosterone Secretion in Mast Cell–Deficient Mice
Authors: Boyer Hadrien-Gaël , Wils Julien , Renouf Sylvie , Arabo Arnaud , Duparc Céline , Boutelet Isabelle , Lefebvre Hervé , Louiset Estelle
Published: October 2017

Resident adrenal mast cells have been shown to activate aldosterone secretion in rat and man. Especially, mast cell proliferation has been observed in adrenal tissues from patients with aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma. In the present study, we show that the activity of adrenal mast cells is stimulated by low-sodium diet and correlates with aldosterone synthesis in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. We have also investigated the regulation of aldosterone secretion in mast cell–deficient C57BL/6 Kit
W-sh/W-sh
mice in comparison with wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Kit
W-sh/W-sh
mice submitted to normal sodium diet had basal plasma aldosterone levels similar to those observed in wild-type animals. Conversely, low-sodium diet unexpectedly induced an exaggerated aldosterone response, which seemed to result from an increase in adrenal renin and angiotensin type 1 receptor expression. Severe hyperaldosteronism was associated with an increase in systolic blood pressure and marked hypokalemia, which favored polyuria. Adrenal renin and angiotensin type 1 receptor overexpression may represent a compensatory mechanism aimed at activating aldosterone production in the absence of mast cells. Finally, C57BL/6 Kit
W-sh/W-sh
mice represent an unexpected animal model of primary aldosteronism, which has the particularity to be triggered by sodium restriction.
Continued Investigation Into 17-OHPC
Authors: Amaral Lorena M. , Faulkner Jessica L. , Elfarra Jamil , Cornelius Denise C. , Cunningham Mark W. , Ibrahim Tarek , Vaka Venkata Ramana , McKenzie Jessica , LaMarca Babbette
Published: October 2017

Preeclampsia is characterized by elevated TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), antiangiogenic factors, such as sFlt-1 (soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1), increased uterine artery resistance index, and decreased of NO during pregnancy. Previously we showed that 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) administered into reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rats on day 18 of gestation improved hypertension without improving pup weight. We hypothesized that earlier administration of 17-OHPC on day 15 of gestation could improve pathophysiology of preeclampsia and fetal outcomes in response to placental ischemia. Carotid catheters were inserted on day 18, and mean arterial blood pressure and samples were collected on day 19. Mean arterial blood pressure in normal pregnant rats was 102±2, 105±2 in normal pregnant+day 15 of gestation (GD15) 17-OHPC, 127±2 in RUPP and 112±1 mm Hg in RUPP+GD15 17-OHPC,
P
<0.05. Pup weight and litter size were improved from 1.9±0.05, 10.1±1.4 in RUPP to 2.1±0.07 g and 13.2±0.6 in RUPP+GD15 17-OHPC,
P
<0.05. Uterine artery resistance index was 0.8±0.03 in RUPP, which was decreased to 0.6±0.04 in RUPP+GD15 17-OHPC,
P
<0.05. Plasma TNF-α levels were 164±34 in RUPP and blunted to 29±9 pg/mL in RUPP+GD15 17-OHPC,
P
<0.05. Plasma nitrate–nitrite levels were 10.8±2.3 in RUPP rats and significantly increased to 25.5±5.2 µmol/L in RUPP+GD15 17-OHPC,
P
<0.05. sFlt-1 levels were 386±141 in RUPP rats, which were reduced to 110.2±11 in RUPP+17-OHPC,
P
<0.05. These data indicate that GD15 17-OHPC improves pathophysiology in RUPP rats, possibly via improving sFlt-1 reduced NO during pregnancy.
Religious Entrepreneurship
Authors: Adi Suwarto
Published: October 2017

This paper explores the religious entrepreneurship of three Javanese pastors in Indonesia. It intends to illustrate the religious values obtained by pastors through self-reflection and faith experience that are enabling them to undertake social transformation. Religious entrepreneurship is a concept that locates the pastor as an agent of social transformation. Based on seven months of fieldwork using an ethical anthropological approach, this paper seeks to describe not simply gkj’s pastors’ experience of changing society, but also the faith struggle of the church and its community members. By applying the concept of religious entrepreneurship, this paper examines the aforementioned elements in order to display religious values as an underlying motivation for the Javanese pastors’ social movement in shaping humanistic and ethical social transformation in rural Java.
Extended Rationality: Some Queries about Warrant, Epistemic Closure, Truth and Scepticism
Authors: Volpe Giorgio
Published: October 2017

This contribution to the symposium on Annalisa Coliva’s Extended Rationality is largely sympathetic with the moderate view of the structure of epistemic warrant which is defended in the book. However, it takes issue with some aspects of Coliva’s Wittgenstein-inspired ‘hinge epistemology’, focussing especially on her conception of propositional warrant, her treatment of epistemic closure, her antirealist conception of truth, and the significance of her answer to so-called Humean scepticism.
Comments on Annalisa Coliva, Extended Rationality: A Hinge Epistemology
Authors: Baghramian Maria
Published: October 2017

In Extended Rationality: A Hinge Epistemology, Annalisa Coliva aims to by-pass traditional sceptical challenges to the possibility of knowledge by arguing that all thinking and knowing ultimately rely on hinge assumptions which are immune from doubt because of their foundational role in the very framework that makes knowledge and rational thought possible. In defending her position Coliva also rejects the relativist challenge that there could be incompatible but equally plausible systems of justification relying on alternative hinges or assumptions. In this response to Coliva, I argue that even if we accept that we need to rely on some core assumptions in order to get the process of rational thought going, the question of the uniqueness of these assumptions remains open. I maintain that Coliva’s two argumentative strategies against the possibility of relativism, one based on empirical considerations and a second relying on considerations from logic do not guarantee the uniqueness of hinge assumptions and the possibility of at least a moderate form of relativism looms large.
Buying and Selling Law Books in Qing Beijing
Authors: Zhang Ting
Published: October 2017

Beijing was an emerging legal publishing center in late imperial China and at least 60 commercial editions of law books were published there in the Qing. Beijing commercial publishers established close connections with the central government, which enabled them to obtain internal legal and administrative information and to print it for profit. Thanks to their close connections with other printing centers in places like Jiangnan and Jiangxi, Beijing publishers had convenient access to fine editions of legal books in the national book market. In the early 19th century when Jiangnan editions rose to dominance, Beijing publishers adjusted their publishing strategies by republishing Jiangnan editions and reducing the number of their own editions. During the Taiping war, Beijing publishers took the opportunity to expand their business. In the late Qing, Beijing was a flourishing legal printing center, selling a variety of legal books at affordable prices to readers who wanted to learn the law.
Taxonomy of the zodiac loaches, Mesonoemacheilus triangularis, M. tambaraparniensis and M. periyarensis, endemic to the Western Ghats of India (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae)
Authors: ANOOP V. K. , DAHANUKAR NEELESH , ALI ANVAR , RAGHAVAN RAJEEV
Published: October 2017

The Nemacheilid loaches, Noemacheilus triangularis tambaraparniensis and Nemacheilus periyarensis have been widely considered to be synonyms of the zodiac loach, Mesonoemacheilus triangularis. An integrative taxonomic investigation based on topotypic material, involving molecular analysis of two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and cytochrome b), multivariate morphometric analysis based on non-metric multidimensional scaling and non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance suggests that the three species are in fact distinct.
New species of Poecilocloeus Bruner, 1910 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Proctolabinae) from Paraná State, Brazil
Authors: DA COSTA MARIA KÁTIA MATIOTTI , FIANCO MARCOS , MARTINS FERNANDO DE FARIAS , PRASNIEWSKI VICTOR MATEUS , SZINWELSKI NEUCIR , ZEFA EDISON
Published: October 2017

In this study, we describe a new species of the genus Poecilocloeus from Renascença municipality, Paraná State, Brazil. Poecilocloeus renascensis n. sp. inhabits the Atlantic Semideciduous Forest edges of Renascença and adjacent areas, and our study is the first record of this genus from southern Brazil. The species belongs to the group bullatus (Rehn, 1908), and the descriptions are based on morphological characters, mainly from male genitalia. Morphological descriptions are provided together with illustrations emphasizing the most significant diagnostic features of external morphology and male genitalia. Information is given about type specimens, examined material and geographic distribution.
Kiwisaldula waiho and K. hurunui, two new species of Saldidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from the South Island of New Zealand, with redescriptions of K. butleri (White) and K. laelaps (White)
Authors: LARIVIÈRE MARIE-CLAUDE , LAROCHELLE ANDRÉ
Published: October 2017

Kiwisaldula waiho new species and K. hurunui new species, are described from the South Island of New Zealand. Kiwisaldula butleri (White, 1878) and K. laelaps (White, 1878), two taxonomically little-known taxa, are redescribed. Morphological descriptions are provided together with illustrations emphasising the most important diagnostic features of external morphology and male genitalia. Information is given on synonymy, type specimens, material examined, geographic distribution and biology.
Cirrhilabrus shutmani, a new species of fairy wrasse from the Babuyan Islands, northern Philippines (Teleostei: Labridae)
Authors: TEA YI-KAI , GILL ANTHONY C.
Published: October 2017

Cirrhilabrus shutmani, new species, is described on the basis of four specimens from Didicas Volcano, Babuyan Islands, Cagayan province, northern Philippines. The holotype and three paratypes were collected at a depth of 50–70 m, along denuded rubble slopes. The new species belong to a complex consisting of C. blatteus, C. claire, C. earlei, C. jordani, C. lanceolatus, C. roseafascia, C. rubrisquamis and C. sanguineus. Aside from similar nuptial male colouration, the nine species share the following character combination: relatively short pelvic fins (not or barely reaching anal-fin origin, except for C. claire with relatively long pelvic fins); a pair of stripes on head (in both sexes); and, dorsal and anal fins without obvious stripes or spots. It differs from the other members of its group in lacking any stripes on the upper and lower body, and in having the following live colouration details: upper part of nape dusky red; dorsal and anal fin bright red with dusky markings; pelvic fins bright red, dusky anteriorly; caudal fin bright yellow basally with distal half bright red. We also present new distribution records for C. claire, C. earlei and C. lanceolatus, as well as a brief mention of a possibly new, related species from the Ogasawara Islands.
Mixing Nonlocality and Mixing Anisotropy in an Idealized Western Boundary Current Jet
Authors: Chen Ru , Waterman Stephanie
Published: October 2017

Motivated by the key role of western boundary currents in shaping water mass distribution and gyre water exchanges, this study characterizes mixing in an idealized western boundary current jet using a barotropic quasigeostrophic model with numerical particles deployed. Both the nonlocality of mixing, depicted by nonlocality ellipses, and mixing anisotropy, depicted by mixing ellipses, are estimated. Mixing is more nonlocal within the jet compared to the jet flanks. In general, the size of nonlocality ellipses, a metric of the degree of mixing nonlocality, scales with the eddy velocity magnitude and the equilibration time for diffusivity. The tilt and eccentricity of the nonlocality ellipses, a characterization of the anisotropy of mixing nonlocality, agree with those of momentum flux ellipses in the regions where mixing nonlocality is small. Mixing ellipse characteristics are flow regime dependent. In regions dominated by wave radiation, the mixing ellipses align with the contours of the wave streamfunction and are very anisotropic. Inside the recirculations, however, the mixing ellipses are nearly isotropic. Mixing ellipses are zonally elongated in the jet upstream because of the suppression of cross-jet mixing by the jet and the anisotropy of eddy velocity, and they can have negative minor axis length in the jet downstream, indicating negative cross-jet eddy diffusivity, which is consistent with upgradient eddy fluxes there. Thus, despite significant spatial heterogeneity in mixing nonlocality and anisotropy, in this idealized system at least, spatial patterns in these diagnostics tend to be relatively large scale and tied to larger-scale dynamics. The implications of these results to eddy parameterization and jet dynamics are discussed.
Observations of Gravity Waves with High-Pass Filtering in the New Generation of Geostationary Imagers and Their Relation to Aircraft Turbulence
Authors: Wimmers Anthony , Griffin Sarah , Gerth Jordan , Bachmeier Scott , Lindstrom Scott
Published: October 2017

This paper introduces a method of image filtering for viewing gravity waves in satellite imagery, which is particularly timely to the advent of the next-generation Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) and the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI). Applying a “high pass” filter to the upper-troposphere water vapor channel reveals sub-Kelvin-degree variations in brightness temperature that depict an abundance of gravity wave activity at the AHI/ABI sensitivity. Three examples demonstrate that this high-pass product can be exploited in a forecasting setting to identify possible varieties of turbulence-prone gravity waves that either 1) move roughly orthogonally to the apparent background flow or 2) produce interference as separate wave packets pass through the same location.
The Decline and Persistence of the Old Boy: Private Schools and Elite Recruitment 1897 to 2016
Authors: Reeves Aaron , Friedman Sam , Rahal Charles , Flemmen Magne
Published: October 2017

We draw on 120 years of biographical data ( N = 120,764) contained within Who’s Who—a unique catalogue of the British elite—to explore the changing relationship between elite schools and elite recruitment. We find that the propulsive power of Britain’s public schools has diminished significantly over time. This is driven in part by the wane of military and religious elites, and the rise of women in the labor force. However, the most dramatic declines followed key educational reforms that increased access to the credentials needed to access elite trajectories, while also standardizing and differentiating them. Notwithstanding these changes, public schools remain extraordinarily powerful channels of elite formation. Even today, the alumni of the nine Clarendon schools are 94 times more likely to reach the British elite than are those who attended any other school. Alumni of elite schools also retain a striking capacity to enter the elite even without passing through other prestigious institutions, such as Oxford, Cambridge, or private members clubs. Our analysis not only points to the dogged persistence of the “old boy,” but also underlines the theoretical importance of reviving and refining the study of elite recruitment.
Clinical and Psychosocial Factors Associated With Patient Experience in Pediatrics
Authors: Ehwerhemuepha Louis , Schultz Sandra , Feaster William
Published: October 2017

Objective. To identify clinical and psychosocial factors associated with patient experience with care. Methods. We analyzed patient experience surveys, corresponding clinical and psychosocial the data of 1567 encounters using survey-weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis with willingness to recommend the facility as outcome variable. Results. Parents are less likely to recommend the facility if there were custody issues with the child during their stay, if the child has history of chronic medical condition, and if the child is male with odds ratio and corresponding 95% confidence interval of 0.38 [0.21, 0.69], 0.43 [0.24, 0.80], and 0.67 [0.45, 0.99] respectively. Parents of older patients (1-year difference) and parents of low socioeconomic status are more likely to recommend the facility (1.05 [1.01, 1.09] and 2.74 [1.72, 4.37] respectively). Conclusions. Clinical and psychosocial factors significantly affect patient experience scores together with parent perception of provider-family communication and relationship, and hospital environment conducive for children.
Disputes over the Divine
Authors: Svensson Isak , Nilsson Desirée
Published: October 2017

This article introduces the Religion and Armed Conflict (RELAC) data, 1975 to 2015, which is a new data set suitable for analyzing the causes, dynamics, and resolution of religious conflicts. It contains information about key religious dimensions of conflicts: whether the issue at stake is religious, the actors’ religious identity, and fine-grained data about the type and salience of religious claims. The article presents the major features of the data set and describes patterns and trends that shed new light on religious conflicts, for example, by demonstrating that conflicts over Islamist claims have become more prevalent. We also illustrate the utility of the data. For instance, we show that there is great variation in lethality across conflicts with different types of Islamist claims, thereby offering a more nuanced understanding of the deadliness of religious conflicts. RELAC should be a valuable resource for scholars, examining religious dimensions of intrastate armed conflicts.
Perception of Cross-Generational Differences in Child Behavior and Parent Socialization: A Mixed-Method Interview Study With Grandmothers in China
Authors: Zhou Chan , Yiu Wai Ying Vivien , Wu Michael Shengtao , Greenfield Patricia M.
Published: October 2017

China, having gone through rapid economic reform, supported by urbanization, educational expansion, and family size reduction over past decades, is an important part of a worldwide sociodemographic trend that can be summarized as a shift from community/ Gemeinschaft to society/ Gesellschaft. Correlated with this sociodemographic trend, our qualitative and quantitative analyses document intergenerational change in grandmothers’ perception of socializing environments and developmental pathways of Chinese children. Grandmothers from Beijing ranked (a) three generations of children at ages 4 to 6 in their families (themselves, their children, and their grandchildren) on autonomy, curiosity, self-expression, obedience, and shyness and (b) three generations of parents in their families (their parents, themselves, and their children) on child-rearing behaviors: support, praise, criticism, and control. As predicted, we found an intergenerational increase in perceived child autonomy, curiosity, and self-expression—individualistic traits adapted to Gesellschaft environments. Also as predicted, perceived child obedience and shyness, adapted to Gemeinschaft environments, declined across the generations. Related changes in reported child-rearing behaviors were also expected and found: Grandmothers judged that parental support and praise (promotion socialization), which foster individuated self-development, increased significantly, although the pattern of parental criticism and control (prevention socialization) was less clear. Promotion-based socialization strategies were found to serve as a partial mediator of intergenerational differences in individualistic child behaviors. Results suggest that the younger generations exhibit more promotion-based socialization, leading to more individualistic child traits, as they adapt to China’s more Gesellschaft ecology, comprising urbanization, formal education, and smaller family size.
The Effects of Internal and External Reference Prices on Travelers’ Price Evaluations
Authors: Choi Choongbeom , Mattila Anna S.
Published: October 2017

The relative use of an internal reference price (IRP) versus an external reference price (ERP) becomes an important issue in the travel and lodging contexts as the increased promotional activity by destinations and hotels is likely to be based on price-comparison advertisements. However, there is little guidance on how tourism and hospitality organizations can use pricing structure to influence reference price, which is cardinal to travelers’ evaluation of price acceptability. Thus, the current research examines how pricing characteristics of the lodging services shift travelers’ sensitivity to two different types of reference prices, and therefore, influence their price evaluations. Compared with IRP, our findings indicate that individuals are more sensitive to and affected by ERP. The results also demonstrate that information accessibility and perceived diagnosticity are key mechanisms that lead to the differential effect of IRP versus ERP on travelers’ price evaluations. Relevant managerial implications are drawn regarding price and promotion strategies.
“Seven Erroneous Theses about Latin America” and the Emergence of a New Mexican Anthropology
Authors: Rodríguez Domínguez Emanuel
Published: October 2017

Mexican social anthropology was established as a practical tool for combining field studies with proposals for government action. From its inception it was closely related to the revolutionary project of national integration, but by the end of the 1950s academics had begun to question indigenista policy and its relationship with anthropological practice. Rodolfo Stavenhagen’s “Seven Erroneous Theses about Latin America” was one such critique. During the 1970s and 1980s it led to a debate that influenced many areas of anthropological study, nurturing a new kind of Mexican anthropology.

La antropología social en México se funda como una antropología práctica, en la medida en que sus precursores sostienen la importancia de conjuntar los estudios de campo con propuestas de acción gubernamental. Desde sus inicios la antropología social mexicana se relacionó íntimamente con el proyecto de integración nacional revolucionario, pero a fines de la década de los cincuenta surgieron una serie de posturas críticas que comenzaban a cuestionar la política indigenista y su relación con la práctica antropológica. Las “Siete tesis equivocadas sobre América Latina” de Rodolfo Stavenhagen se enmarcan en dicho quiebre político de la antropología social mexicana. El debate que generó este trabajo en los setentas y los ochentas diversificó las temáticas de estudio entre los principales exponentes de este campo de estudio potenciando el surgimiento de una nueva antropología mexicana.
Not over Moses’ Dead Body: Jude 9, 22-24 and the Assumption of Moses in their Early Jewish Context
Authors: Stokes Ryan E.
Published: October 2017

Jude 9 refers to a story in which the archangel Michael disputes with the devil about the body of Moses. Although the story cited by Jude has not been preserved, the literature of early Judaism contains several traditions that can inform one’s understanding of Jude’s source. This article explores these traditions, especially early Jewish interpretations of Zech. 3, in an effort to throw light on this story and its use in the epistle of Jude. These traditions suggest that the disagreement between Michael and the devil over Moses’ body pertained not to the burial of Moses’ corpse, as previous scholarship has assumed, but to Moses’ bodily ascent into God’s presence. In this ascent account, the devil would have opposed Michael on the grounds that Moses’ fleshly, human body was inadequate for God’s presence. Further, it is probable that Jude 22-24 alludes to the same ascent story.
Studies into the anxiolytic actions of agomelatine in social isolation reared rats: Role of corticosterone and sex
Authors: Regenass Wilmie , Möller Marisa , Harvey Brian H
Published: October 2017

Anxiety disorders are severely disabling, while current pharmacological treatments are complicated by delayed onset, low remission rates and side-effects. Sex is also noted to contribute towards illness severity and treatment response. Agomelatine is a melatonin (MT1/MT2) agonist and serotonin (5-HT2C) antagonist purported to be anxiolytic in clinical and some pre-clinical studies. We undertook a detailed analysis of agomelatine’s anxiolytic activity in a neurodevelopmental model of anxiety, the social isolation reared rat. Rats received sub-chronic treatment with vehicle or agomelatine (40 mg/kg per day intraperitoneally at 16:00 h for 16 days), with behaviour analysed in the open field test, social interaction test and elevated plus maze. The contribution of corticosterone and sex was also studied. Social isolation rearing increased locomotor activity and reduced social interaction in the social interaction test, and was anxiogenic in the elevated plus maze in males and females. Agomelatine reversed these behaviours. Male and female social isolation reared rats developed anxiety-like behaviours to a similar degree, although response to agomelatine was superior in male rats. Social isolation rearing decreased plasma corticosterone in both sexes and tended to higher levels in females, although agomelatine did not affect corticosterone in either sex. Concluding, agomelatine is anxiolytic in SIR rats, although correcting altered corticosterone could not be implicated. Sex-related differences in the response to agomelatine are evident.
Prognostic comparison of goal-oriented hemoperfusion and routine hemoperfusion combined with continuous venovenous hemofiltration for paraquat poisoning
Authors: Zhao Xuming , Xiao Yan , Zhu Jianliang , Xu Zhiping , Liu Lijun , Zhang Jinsong
Published: October 2017

Objective

To investigate the impact of goal-oriented hemoperfusion (HP) with monitoring of the paraquat concentration on the prognosis of patients with acute paraquat poisoning.

Methods

This prospective observational study involved patients with acute paraquat poisoning admitted from March 2012 to September 2015. The patients received either goal-oriented or routine HP. All other treatments were the same between the two groups. The primary endpoint was 28-day mortality after poisoning. The secondary endpoints were the incidence of organ dysfunction within 7 days and 7-day mortality.

Results

Eighty-four patients were enrolled (49 in the control group and 35 in the goal-oriented group). The two groups were similar in terms of clinical characteristics. There was no significant difference in the incidence of organ dysfunction between the two groups within 1 week of admission. Mortality on day 7 was significantly lower in the goal-oriented than control group, but there was no difference on day 28. However, 28-day mortality was significantly lower in the goal-oriented group among patients with an oral dose of ≤50 ml.

Conclusions

HP with monitoring of the urine paraquat concentration as goal-oriented therapy can reduce the early mortality of paraquat poisoning.
Experimental results of floating platform vibration control with mode change function using full-scale spar-type floating offshore wind turbine
Authors: Kakuya Hiromu , Shiraishi Takashi , Yoshida Shigeo , Utsunomiya Tomoaki , Sato Iku
Published: October 2017

Floating offshore wind turbines have great potential for harvesting renewable energy sources since offshore wind is stronger and more stable than onshore wind. The foundations of floating offshore wind turbines are not rigidly fixed and it leads to vibration of the floating platform pitch angle. This vibration is caused by fast blade pitch angle motions of variable speed control for controlling rotor speed at rated values. This study proposes a control method to address this vibration, floating platform vibration control. This method extracts a natural frequency component of the vibration from the floating platform pitch angle signal by a band pass filter and controls the blade pitch angle on the basis of proportional–derivative control. Its key characteristic is changing control modes in accordance with electrical power. Experiments using a full-scale spar-type floating offshore wind turbine were performed, and results show that the proposed floating platform vibration control can suppress the vibration of floating platform pitch angle.
Influences on headache trigger beliefs and perceptions
Authors: Turner Dana P , Houle Timothy T
Published: October 2017

Background

Previous headache trigger studies have primarily utilized checklists to measure beliefs about triggers. While this work has defined the diversity of beliefs across headache sufferers, the strength of association and the frequency at which these triggers are encountered remain unexplored.

Objective

To measure the strength of association, frequency of encounter, and influences on trigger beliefs and perceptions using a laboratory assessment task.

Methods

This cross-sectional observational study, part of the HACOGS project, included adult current migraine, tension-type, or cluster headache sufferers. Participants rated the chances they would experience a headache if they were to encounter a specific trigger and the number of days per month they experience that trigger for 33 common triggers.

Results

All 300 participants contributed data on all triggers, with little missing data (1.2%). All triggers exhibited a high degree of inter-individual variability on the strength of association and encounter perceptions. Many triggers were perceived to be encountered daily (e.g., caffeine, air conditioning), and a full range of perceptions were observed for each trigger. Stress (75% chance of headache), missing a meal (60%), and dehydration (60%) were the triggers with the greatest potency beliefs. Only 8–15% of these beliefs were related to individual differences and 26–27% to the triggers themselves.

Conclusions

Participants expressed diverse beliefs and perceptions about the strength of many common headache triggers. Variation in these beliefs was not associated with individual differences or the triggers themselves. This finding supports the importance of measuring more than just the presence-absence of trigger beliefs.
How Stress Influences Purpose Development: The Importance of Social Support
Authors: Gutowski Ellen , White Allison E. , Liang Belle , Diamonti Alfred-John , Berado Danielle
Published: October 2017

The present study explored the influence of psychological stress on the development of purpose among youth of color living in urban, low-income communities. A qualitative approach based on grounded theory was used to understand how stress-related experiences influence the development of youth purpose in participants’ own words. Findings revealed that participants faced substantial psychological stress in their lives resulting from financial, family, academic, vocational, peer, neighborhood, relocation, and immigration-related stressors. Moreover, stress appeared to act as a barrier to purpose development in two common ways: (a) through youths’ perceptions of impossibility of realizing their goals for the future and (b) through youths’ experiences of regularly being overwhelmed to the point where purpose engagement was not a priority. However, stress could also serve as a motivator to purpose development for youth through (a) pressure from important others who held high expectations and (b) strong desires to escape from contextual stressors, such as violence or financial strain. Four patterns emerged from the data indicating that social support could serve to mitigate stress, propelling youth to develop a sense of purpose.
Finding longitude: The Investigator expedition, 1801–1803
Authors: Morgan Kenneth
Published: October 2017

This article analyses the methods deployed for finding longitude on the Investigator’s expedition to circumnavigate Australia, made under the command of Matthew Flinders in the period 1801–1803. Timekeeping and astronomy were complementary methods for ascertaining longitude; they were carried out using chronometers and by taking lunar observations. The article explains who was responsible for handling the astronomical readings on the expedition; the performance of the chronometers used; Flinders’s comparisons of the longitudinal readings with the work of previous navigators; and the reasons why dissemination of the longitudes taken during the voyage was delayed. The article shows how the combined use of chronometers and lunar observations helped Flinders to achieve scientific accuracy in his charting of coastal Australia in the atlas to his major work entitled A Voyage to Terra Australis.
Infectious disease mortality in British merchant seamen and Lascars since 1900: From causes to controls
Authors: Carter Tim , Roberts Stephen E
Published: October 2017

Trends in mortality rates from infectious disease in seamen employed in British merchant shipping have been compared with those in the Royal Navy and with the onshore male working-age British population. Merchant seamen, and in particular those recruited from Asia (Lascars), had higher mortality rates than men in the navy and in the population ashore. Mortality declined progressively between 1900 and 1960, thereafter it was negligible; the decline was slowest for merchant seamen. The reasons for the high mortality from infectious diseases in merchant seamen are investigated. Some preventative measures, such as vaccination for smallpox, were not universal in merchant seamen. Improvements prior to the 1940s can be attributed to reduced infection risks in foreign ports; improvements in food, accommodation and hygiene standards, and better control of arthropod vectors in port and on board. The rapid subsequent decline can be attributed to the introduction of antibacterial medications and antibiotics.
Pension System Reform in China: Development, Challenges and Options
Authors: Chen Xing
Published: October 2017

This article studies the formation and reform of China’s pension system with special attention paid to the basic pension system for urban enterprise employees, government and public agency employees and urban and rural residents. Reviewing the historical development of China’s basic pension system after the 1950s, the article examines the current reforms and discusses the major concerns and challenges in detail. Finally, general assessment and policy options have been recommended to guide policymakers and to advance further social security research.