bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Hukum Terhadap Efektifitas Perkuliahan di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rismana Daud , Hariz Hajar Salamah Salsabila , Bintarawati Fenny
Published: July 2022

Law is a set of rules that exists in society to create order. Law is created by humans and for humans. As such, it should be able to humanize humans. Law must be present in the midst of any social circumstances, including once when Indonesia was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. The emergence of the COVID-19 should be immediately addressed by issuing a policy to regulate lectures during the pandemic so that they can still run effectively as they should. This research implemented a descriptive qualitative method. Data and information related to the effectiveness of lectures in legal studies during the pandemic were collected. The data were then presented in words and analysed in a comprehensive description. The results show that the lectures during the pandemic had not been effective for many limitations experienced by students and lecturers. Furthermore, from a legal perspective, there are no clear rules/policies in regulating how lectures are conducted in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic so that they can run effectively.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Informasi Iklan Yang Menyesatkan
Authors: Prabowo Wahyu , Latifa Kurnia Tri , Puspandari Rr Yunita
Published: July 2022

This study aims to examine the existence of misleading advertising information reviewed from the law perspective as well as the role of the government in providing legal protection to consumers. This study implemented conceptual and legal approaches. The results of the research show that advertisement is stated to be misleading if it violates Article 9 of The Consumer Protection (UUPK). As for the legal consequences, the advertisment’s owners may be subject to administrative, criminal, civil, and additional penalties. Consumers who suffer from misleading advertising information receive preventive legal protection in the form of making legal rules that guarantee legal protection and supervision of customers. In addition, consumers also get repressive legal protection through the courts of the justice so that costumers can file claims to the court or through channels outside the court thant are managed by The Consumer Dispute Settlement Board (BPSK). Based on the research results, its concluded that forms of misleading advertisements are misleading, deceptive, omission, and puffery. Businesses that are dishonest in advertising their products will be subject to sanctions. The advertising legal protection is contained in the UUPK, KUHPer, and the 2020’s Amendment of Indonesian Pariwara Ethics.
La definición de la diócesis: los conflictos interdiocesanos vistos desde el ámbito local (Zamora, Salamanca y Ávila en el siglo XII)
Authors: Cimino Carla
Published: July 2022

El artículo considera el problema de la concreción de la jurisdicción diocesana desde una perspectiva local, atendiendo especialmente a los escenarios en los que se suscitaron conflictos. Los mismos permiten poner a prueba la hipótesis principal del trabajo, que postula que para consolidar el poder eclesiástico y afianzar el espacio diocesano como ámbito de poder fue necesario apelar a las elites locales, actores fundamentales para ejercer controles efectivos en los territorios de la diócesis. Seleccionamos algunos episodios concretos que datan de una etapa clave para la conformación de las diócesis en la Península Ibérica (c.1150-1200), a fin de considerar las correlaciones entre las acciones de los grupos locales y los avatares del proceso de afirmación de las diócesis. El material documental empleado proviene fundamentalmente de las colecciones diplomáticas de las sedes consideradas.
Las concubinas regias en las crónicas y las genealogías hispanas. Entre el elogio, el desprecio y el silencio (ss. XII-XIV)
Authors: Calderón Medina Inés
Published: July 2022

A pesar de los esfuerzos del Papado por implantar el modelo de matrimonio canónico, los reyes de Portugal, León y Castilla mantuvieron relaciones de concubinato con mujeres nobles. Utilizando las crónicas regias de los siglos XII y XIII y los Livros de Linhagens portugueses se estudia la construcción de la imagen y memoria de las concubinas y cómo fueron utilizadas en los procesos de construcción de las monarquías hispánicas y de la identidad nobiliaria. Asimismo, se analiza la evolución de su percepción social entre los siglos XII y XIV. Las crónicas destacan las relaciones ilegítimas para subrayar la hegemonía castellana, para mostrar la sangre regia de su descendencia, o las silencian por motivos políticos. Las genealogías crean imágenes positivas de ellas porque aportan sangre real a su familia, aunque en ocasiones, las utilizan para atacar a sus parientes. En ambos tipos de fuentes se observa la evolución desde una imagen positiva, hasta el desprecio o el silencio a medida que avanza la implantación del matrimonio establecido en Letrán.
EFFECT OF OPERATING CONDITIONS ON HYDRODESULFURIZATION OF VACUUM GAS OIL
Authors: Abdul Mun’em A. Karim
Published: July 2022

The study deals  with  the  hydrotreating   of  vacuum gas oil with boiling range (611-833K) using trickle  bed  reactor   and   a  commercial  cobalt – molybdenum   on  alumina as a catalyst with  temperature range  (583-643K) , liquid hourly  space  velocity  range (1.5-3.75 hr-1) , hydrogen to oil ratio about 250 lt / lt , and hydrogen pressure kept constant at 3.5 MPa.

          The results showed that the aromatic content of vacuum gas oil decreased while sulfur removal increased with increasing temperature and decreasing space velocity. The properties, viscosity, density, flash point, and carbon residue of the products are decreased with temperature increasing but the aniline point did the otherwise
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF LIQUID DISPERSION IN BUBBLE COLUMN
Authors: Hayder Abd Al-kaream Muhsin
Published: July 2022

The main object of this study is to investigate the influence of column diameter and superficial gas velocity on liquid phase dispersion coefficients (axial and radial dispersion coefficients), mixing times, gas holdup, and bubble dynamics (bubble diameter and rise velocity). The liquid phase dispersion, gas holdup, and bubble dynamics (Db and Vb0) were measured for the air-water system in bubble columns of two different diameters,15 and 30 cm. The superficial gas velocity, Ug, was varied in the range 1-10 cm/s, spanning both the homogeneous and heterogeneous flow regimes. The height of liquid in the column was kept constant at 130 cm for the two column. Axial and radial dispersion coefficients and mixing times were measured at various axial and radial locations inside the columns (Z = 25, 75, 125 cm and r/R = 0, 0.45, 0.85), bubble dynamics were measured at three axial location (Z=25, 75, 125 cm). From the experimental data it was found that, the value of the radial dispersion coefficient (Dr,L) and axial dispersion coefficient (Dax,L), gas holdup, bubble diameter and bubble rise velocity, increase with increasing superficial gas velocity. The results emphasise the significant influence of the column diameter on the hydrodynamics. Gas holdup showed a decrease with increasing column diameter, while the radial dispersion coefficient (Dr,L), axial dispersion coefficient (Dax,L), bubble diameter and bubble rise velocity increased with increasing column diameter.  A statistical analysis was performed to get a general correlations for the axial liquid dispersion coefficient as a function of the mixing time and dispersion height (Hd), this correlations are: Dax,L=0.15 H2d /θ0.3 for 30 cm column diameter and Dax,L=0.11 H2d /θ0.3 for 15 cm column diameter.
THE EFFECT OF LASER SURFACE HARDENING ON THE WEAR AND FRICTION CHARACTERISTICS OF ACICULAR BAINITIC DUCTILE IRON
Authors: Kh. M. Adel
Published: July 2022

Nd-Yag (Neodymium Yttrium) pulsed wave laser has been used to modify and refine the surface microstructure of acicular bainitic ductile iron. The wear characteristics evaluated by adhesion and abrasion wear tests while friction characteristics evaluated by using strain gauge technique of the laser processed and unprocessed (as-cast) specimens were studied. The wear resistance and friction coefficient of laser processed samples are significantly enhanced by their refined bainitic microstructures and improved hardness in the melted and resolidified layer. Cross-sectional optical and scanning electron microscope have been used to study the microstructure and wear mechanism of the laser processed and unprocessed surfaces while X-Ray diffraction technique has been used to study and estimate the metallurgical phases. All specimens treated by laser showed wear and friction resistance higher than as-cast specimens at all loads, sliding speeds and sliding times used in this research work.
POSITION CONTROL FOR FLIXEBLE JOINT MANIPULATOR USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL Network
Authors: Mahdi Hussain
Published: July 2022

The control of a rotating single flexible link manipulator and/or a two-coupled flexible link manipulator arm is a highly nonlinear problem. Due to the distributed flexibility. The Mechanical system of a flexible joint two-degree manipulator robot arm has been designed and implemented by using stepper motor, movement axis and External Model Circuit (EMC) for controller. The (EMC) includes Buffer, stepper motor driver and programmable Input/Output. This system is controlled by using two method .The first is Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The neural network has a feed-forward topology and learning algorithm used Back-Propagation. The second is direct method to supply the program with co-ordinates as positioning data for initializing the robot arm.
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF Znx Se1-x THIN FILMS PREPARED BY THERMAL EVAPORATION METHOD
Authors: Habeeb Shalal Jasim
Published: July 2022

Semi conducting   Znx Se1-x  thin films were prepared at 480nm thickness on glass substrates at room temperature using vacuum evaporation technique .The electrical properties of  Znx Se1-x  thin films have been investigated , such as dc conductivity and Hall effect. The investigation showed that the composition range 0≤x≤0.3 has an influence on the electrical properties of the Znx Se1-x thin films . The dc conductivity experiment in the range of temperature 293-423 ok gave  two activation energies Ea1& Ea2 which represented  two types of conduction mechanisms . Ea1 & Ea2 have values 0.6 & 0.1eV respectively for x=0, while 1.01 &0.107 eV  for x=0.3. Also the study showed that the dc conductivity  σ=5.19x10-7 (Ω. cm)-1 for x=0 , and decreases with increasing zinc to 3.2x 10-7 (Ω. cm)-1 at x=0.3. Hall effect study  appeared that the type of the carriers is p-type, their concentration is 1.6x108cm -3 and increases with increasing the fraction of composition x to 2.6x1010 cm-3  .Also the mobility of the carriers has good relation with zinc content x
العزل الحراري لمواد البناء
Authors: جليل إبراهيم قدوري
Published: July 2022

الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو حساب مقدار المقاومة الحرارية و الانتقالية الحرارية للجدران المستخدمة في العراق وذلك من خلال استخدام قيم التوصيل الحراري لمختلف مواد البناء ومقارنة ذلك مع قيمة الانتقالية الحرارية للجدران المعزولة حراريا. كمادة عازلة سوف يتم حساب استخدام طبقة عازلة من مادة البولسترين الممدد أو البولسترين الممدد المبثوق. النتائج أظهرت إن الجدار المستخدم في العراق حاليا والمكون من بلوك الخرسانة ذي التجويفين مع طبقة من اللبخ الأسمنتي الخارجي وبسمك 20 ملم ولبخ داخلي بسمك 15 ملم له قيمة انتقالية حرارية(U-value) هي (2.39W/m 2 .c0) وهذه بعيدة كل البعد عن القيم المطلوبة والمحددة في المواصفات للمناطق الحارة والمحددة بـ (U≤0.5 W/m 2 .c0)ولكن عند استخدام طبقة من البولسترين الممدد  (EPS)وبسماكة (60) ملم فان قيمة الانتقالية الحرارية لنفس الجدار تنخفض إلى ما  قيمته (0.43 W/m 2 .c0) والتي تتوافق بشكل جيد مع متطلبات المواصفات في المناطق الحارة المجاورة للعراق كالإمارات العربية المتحدة والمملكة العربية السعودية. كما تم إجراء الحسابات لجدران تم تصميمها من مواد أخرى كالطابوق والثرمستون.
THE TENSILE AND FATIGUE PROPERTIES OF VULCANIZED NATURAL RUBBER UNDER AMBIANT TEMPERATURES
Authors: Hussain J. M. Alalkawi
Published: July 2022

A design of rubber components against fatigue failure is one of the critical issues to prevent the failures during the operation .Therefore; fatigue life prediction was the key technologies to assure the safety reliability of mechanical rubber. In present study, mechanical properties of natural rubber and fatigue life (constant amplitude stresses) were carried out experimentally at room temperature and 40 oC. The mechanical properties and constant fatigue life were compared with previous study. Tensile and Fatigue life tests were performed using Dumb-bell specimens. The experimental mechanical properties and fatigue life of natural rubber component agreed fairly with the published data of previous study above. While the mechanical properties and fatigue lives at 40 oC were decreased with about 33% of tensile properties at 0.2 strain and about 99% fatigue properties at 5x106 cycles compared with room temperature.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF GLYCOLS BASE COSOLVENT ADDITIVES ON BREAKING OF CRUDE OIL EMULSION
Authors: Adel Sharif Hamadi
Published: July 2022

Emulsion breaking is one of complex process used in many practical applications such as the petroleum industry, painting and waste-water treatment in environmental technology. Chemical demulsification is the most widely resolved method of treating water-in-crude oil emulsions and involves the addition of chemical reagents to destroy the protective action of emulsifying agents and allow accelerating the emulsion breaking process. Our experimental results showed that, the addition of glycols chemicals as a cosolvents like ethylene glycol methyl ether (EGME), monoethylene glycol (MEG), polyethylene glycol (PEG-1500), in combination with commercial demulsifier RP-6000 will enhancing the process of emulsion demulsification. The demulsification experiments were carried out at controlled temperature 65oC and screened by bottle test using about 100 ppm demulsifier doses. The maximum amount of water separated after 120 min found to be 87.7% for (75/25) (RP6000/PEG1500) .Where, the water separations for (75/25) (RP6000/MEG) and (75/25) (RP6000/EGME) for demulsifier were 71% and 65.2% respectively
PROPOSED SYSTEM FOR WIRELESS SECURITY
Authors: Ali N. Hamied
Published: July 2022

Secured wireless computer networks are more important because signals are available through air and it’s easier to attacks from passive eavesdropping and active interfering. Now it was suffered from more problems, one from these problems is attach from the users and hackers. Therefore, wireless computer networks security is very important to solve or decrease this attach, a lot of researches were worked improved wireless security in this field but in different ways and different methods.

This project had been represented how to prevent hackers’ accessing to the server, by using encryption to media access control “MAC address”  from the two ends (server and user), using RSA public-key cryptosystem..
إزالة المسامية في بلاط البورسلان من خلال إضافة مسحوق الزجاج
Authors: جليل إبراهيم قدوري
Published: July 2022

تم إضافة مسحوق من الزجاج المسطح وهي من بقايا تصنيع زجاج الشبابيك في المصانع بنسبة  (3.86, 1.96, 1.0, 0.5)% نسبة وزنيه إلى تركيبة بلاط البورسلان من اجل التخلص من المسامية المتبقية في البلاط المنتج للتغلب على مشكلة (التلون) (Staining)  أو تقبل امتصاص المواد والأوساخ من قبل المسامات للبلاط المنتج. أدت إضافة 3.85%  نسبة وزنية من مسحوق الزجاج إلى التخلص نهائياً من المسامات المتبقية ومن خلال التخلص من المسامات تم التخلص نهائيًا من مشكلة التلون في البلاط المنتج عند الاستعمال. كما أدت هذه الإضافة إلى تحسين الخواص الميكانيكية للبلاط مما أدى إلى تخفيض نسبة الفاقد من البلاط على خطوط الإنتاج في عملية الجلغ والتلميع إلى نسبة ضئيلة جداً تتراوح بين2-4%)) بعد أن كانت النسبة تتراوح بين (10-15%)  كما تم رفع نسبة لمعان (Glossness)  البلاط في الوقت ذاته بنسبة 30%  مقارنة بالبلاط بدون إضافة. إن استعمال بقايا الزجاج في الإنتاج حسن الخواص الميكانيكية للبلاط المنتج ووفر في الكلفة الإنتاجية للبلاط من خلال استخدام مواد لا قيمة لها واستعمالها محل مواد أولية كانت تستورد من الشركات العالمية وبأسعار باهظة كما إنها ساهمت وبشكل فاعل في الحفاظ على البيئة من خلال تدوير هذه المواد.
SWITCHING ANGLE OPTIMIZATION BASED GENETIC ALGORITHMS FOR HARMONIC REDUCTION IN THREE-PHASE PWM STRATEGY
Authors: Osama  Y. AL-Rawi
Published: July 2022

In variable speed drive (VSD), it is desirable to reduce the harmonic effects, which causes current distortion and torque pulsation, besides, the harmonic power losses is an additional power losses that is introduced in the motor due to the presence of harmonic voltages.

However, the problem of the high total harmonic current distortion (THD) still exists specially at low and medium speeds by using sub-optimal pulse width modulation (PWM) strategy. In the past to generate optimized PWM, is done by defining a general PWM in terms of a set of switching angles. Which result in a set of nonlinear equations in terms of the unknown switching angles. These equations are nonlinear as well as transcendental in nature. There is no efficient method that can be applied to solve such equations. The practical method of solving these equations is a trial and error process. Taking all the factors into account, a numerical technique can be applied to solve these set of nonlinear equations, but with some limitations.

 To overcome these limitations, Genetic algorithms (GAs) serves to search for optimal switching angles setting. In addition, the (THD) will be reduced, this lead to obtain the optimal PWM waveform and to simplify the practical implementation, and then improving the performance of the system output.

 GAs were employed as a search and optimization engine. Normally the tuning of the switching angles is a trail and error problem.

In this paper, GAs provides a much simpler approach to off-line tuning of PWM switching angles than the rather complicated non-genetic optimization algorithms
PUNCHING SHEAR AND FLEXURAL STRENGTHS OF SELF COMPACTED CONCRETE NON-RECTANGULAR SHAPED FLAT PLATE SLABS
Authors: Ali H. Aziz
Published: July 2022

This study is conducted to investigate experimentally the punching shear and flexural strengths of reinforced concrete flat plate slabs made with Non-Rectangular (triangular and trapezoidal) shaped. Four test self-compacting concrete slab groups were manufactured, each of which consisted of three slab specimens identical in size and shape but different in constituent’s properties. All slabs are simply supported along the all edges and subjected to single point load applied at the center of gravity of each slab.

Experimental results shows that the use of self compacting concrete improves the punching shear resistance and allows higher forces to be transferred through the slab-column connection. For slabs which were designed to fail in punching shear, the ultimate capacity of the tested specimens increased by (7%) to (20%) when the shape of slab specimens changed from triangular to trapezoidal. In contrast of slabs which were designed to fail in flexure, the ultimate capacity of the tested specimens increased from (16%) to (58%) when the shape of slab specimens changed from triangular to trapezoidal.

The cracking load depends essentially on concrete strength and not on slab configuration, but, the ultimate capacity depends on both, concrete strength and shape of slab.
ESTIMATION OF (Nγ) FOR STRIP AND CIRCULAR FOOTINGS USING THE METHOD OF CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Lamyaa Najah Snodi
Published: July 2022

By using the method of characteristics (commonly referred to as the slip line method), the values of the bearing capacity factor Nγ were computed for rigid surface strip and circular footings with smooth and rough bases. The analyses of bearing capacity for vertically loaded footings using the method of characteristics have been implemented in the publicly available computer program ABC, then Nγ –values were calculated theoretically. The supporting soil is modeled as a frictional Mohr – Coulomb material. For both footings, the value of the bearing capacity factor Nγ was found to increases significantly with an increase in the angle of internal frictionf. When friction angle of soil f  ≤25°, the computed values of Nγ for circular footing were found to smaller than those for strip footing and for larger values of f, the magnitude of Nγ for circular footing were greater than those for strip footing for both smooth and rough base of footings. On the other hand, the magnitude of Nγ for rough footings was seen be higher than for a footings with smooth base. The obtained results were compared with those available in the literature, and reasonable agreements were observed.
DESIGN OF A SOFTWARE SYSTEM FOR FINITE STATE MACHINE (FSM)
Authors: Hussein Abdulameer Abdulkadhim
Published: July 2022

There are several ways used to represent the circuits and system operations for design and analyses. Finite state machine (FSM) is one of the ways that used for representing the operations of many circuits and systems in electronic engineering, computer engineering ,..etc by graph. Finite state machine is very simple machine in design. It consists of sets of input symbols, output symbols and states that required to design it. Also, in fact, the function of input symbols and output symbols with the present state to give the next state must be found. In this paper, a software simulator is implemented by using Visual Basic programming language to simulate the Finite State machine (design and operation). This simulation represents general examples. However, the software may be used to learn the student concepts of FSM and its operations.
تأثير متغيرات التشغيل بالتفريغ الكهربائي على سمك الطبقة المعاد سبكها
Authors: زهير سمين شكر
Published: July 2022

أوضحت نتائج البحث أن زيادة زمن مكوث النبضة تؤدي إلى زيادة سمك الطبقة المعاد سبكها,كما وجد ان زيادة ضغط المحلول الالكتروليتي عن (150) ميكاباسكال يؤدي الى زيادة معدل إزالة الكاربيد المشغل ,بينما ينخفض سمك الطبقة المعاد سبكها. لكن زيادة ضغط المحلول الالكتروليتي إلى(250) كيلو باسكال يؤدي إلى زيادة سمك الطبقة المعاد سبكها . كما أوضحت النتائج أيضا أن زيادة زاوية مقدمة القطب (الكاربيد نوع GT30 ) تؤدي إلى زيادة سمك الطبقة المعاد سبكها
WELDING OF THERMOPLASTIC MATERIALS USING CO2 LASER
Authors: Fayroz A. Sabah
Published: July 2022

The welding of thermoplastics using CO2 laser achieved, two different types of thermoplastic materials used which are; Perspex (PMMA) which is the abbreviation of polymethyl methacrylate and (HDPE) which is the abbreviation of high density polyethylene. Similar or different materials can be welded together by laser beam but in this work similar polymers have been welded (i.e PMMA tube to PMMA tube and HDPE plate to HDPE plate). Mechanical properties for these materials measured after welding, two CW CO2 lasers were used in the welding process have the wavelength of 10.6µm. The maximum power of the 1st one is 16W, and for the 2nd one is 25W. The experimental result showed that the penetration depth increases with increasing laser output when the welding speed is constant. Also a relation between spot width and depth calculated using MATLAB software program version 6.5 taken into account the effect of the following parameters, power used in welding, melting temperature of the materials, welding speed and the spot diameter of the laser beam.
EXPERIMENTAL BOND FORCE-SLIP RELATIONSHIPS FOR EPOXY-COATED REINFORCING BARS UNDER ELEVATED TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS
Authors: Saad Khalaf Mohaisen
Published: July 2022

This paper presents an experimental investigation that reveals bond force - slip relationships for epoxy-coated reinforcing bars under elevated temperature conditions. The obtained experimental results indicated that coating reinforcing bars with epoxy tends to degrade the residual bond strength at elevated temperatures
COMPARISON PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT PID CONTROLLERS FOR DC MOTOR
Authors: Abidaoun H. shallal
Published: July 2022

Speed  control   of   Dc  motors   is   an  important  issue  also  shorter   settling  time  is desired . In this work at first  a  parallel   PID  compensator   which   adjusted   by    Ziegler – Nichols  is   designed   but   Ziegler  –  Nichols   don't   apply   directly for all structures of  PID  controller ,drive   equations    to   applied   Ziegler - Nichols   for   this   configuration   of    PID  compensator   .  The   controller   design    process   requirements   are   discussed   by   programming . Then   the   comparison    between  the  PID  configurations  shows  that  the   PID  controller   significantly  reduced  the  overshoot , settling  time   and  has  the  best  performance  encountering  with system uncertainties . According to the   matlab   programming   version   7.10   results  , the  D*PI  controller  has better  performance  than  the  PID  configuration
IMPLEMENTATION OF STORAGE DEVICE (RAM) USING MULTISIM
Authors: Hussein Abdulameer Abdulkadhim
Published: July 2022

Read access memory (RAM) considers an important part in several systems such as computer and communication systems; and there is several applications software that used for implements the digital circuits of RAM. In this project, multisim 9 application software was used to implement and simulate several logic circuits of RAM with many sizes at which implement RAM circuit from sub RAM. Also, it may be prepared as apart of equipments for the airborne computer system
FOOTING CONTACT PRESSURE OF BUILDING FOUNDED ON SOFT CLAY TREATED WITH SAND PILES
Authors: Zakaria Waad
Published: July 2022

This research is devoted to the behavior of a separate single footing constructed over soft clayey soil treated with sand piles. The proposed structure is a multi-storey building having bays 4x4 m. Supporting column has large steel I-section resting on a 2.5x2.5x0.40m footing transferring a presumed load of 460kN. Several patterns of sand piles are proposed in soil foundation and each case is analyzed separately to account for the change in shear and moment in footing. The problem is analyzed numerically by the FE technique using STAAD-Pro/2004 program, while the footing is divided into a FE mesh having 100 element of semi-cubic shape. Degrees of freedom at each node are six. The distribution of soil pressure is measured using Hughes theory, which deals with the bearing capacity of sand piles. Soil modulus of subgrade reaction is assumed 20000kN/m2.m, angle of friction for sand is 30 degrees, and the undrained cohesion of soft clay is 25kN/m2. It is concluded that the presence of sand piles in foundation clay does not have much change in the stresses coming from shear and moment distribution in footing compared to same footing constructed on clay without sand piles treatment. Meanwhile, the ACI code failure criteria are considered valid in both cases.
IMPROVEMENT OF WORKABILITY OF PORCELAIN UNDER EFFECT OF ALUMINA
Authors: Jaleel I.k.Al.Robayie
Published: July 2022

Adding of alumina to porcelain improve the mechanical properties of the green and fired body.

        This improvement depend on the properties of the added alumina, such as surface area, morphology and the percentage of the alumina.

Adding of alumina effected also the properties of porcelain slip viscosity , less grinding of alumina result in high slip viscosity.

         The increasing of grinding finesse of the alumina rise the rate of body formation.

        This investigation showed that the alkali content of the alumina and the crushing states have significant effects on the workability of the porcelain green body
حساب الحمولات الذائبة في نهر دجلة ببغداد والعوامل المؤثرة عليها
Authors: ثاير حبيب عبد الله الجبوري
Published: July 2022

تبلغ مساحة حوض نهر دجلة (471606 كم2) ومعظم الصخور المكشوفة لهذا الحوض من النوع الرسوبي. كمية الإمطار التي تسقط على الحوض تتراوح من 1000 ملم /سنة في شماله إلى 150 ملم / سنة قرب بغداد. استخدمت النتائج المستخلصة من النماذج المجمعة لمدة سنتين 88/1989 و 89/1990 لحساب الحمولة الذائبة الكلية وحمولة الايونات. وجد إن اكبر حمولة للايونات الموجبة والسالبة كانت الكالسيوم والكبريتات على التوالي.   تم تطبيق عشرة طرق لحساب الحمولات الذائبة بواسطة ثلاث معادلات (الخطية واللوغارتمية ومتعددة الحدود ذات الثلاث معالم) وجد إن المعادلات الخطية كانت الأفضل لحساب الحمولات السنوية. تتأثر الحمولات الذائبة بصورة عامة بالعوامل الجيولوجية والهيدرولوجية وظهر إن الإمطار أثرت على الحمولات بشكل كبير في فصل الشتاء إما ذوبان الجليد فكان العامل المؤثر في فصل الربيع.
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA GURU
Authors: Jayanti Riska , Siraj Arifuddin , Achruh Andi , Rahman Danial
Published: July 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, kepuasan kerja guru, dan pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap kepuasan kerja guru di SMA Negeri 20 Bone. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis field research dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang guru yang diambil secara keseluruhan dengan pertimbangan jumlahnya yang relatif kecil. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data adalah angket yang disebar kepada responden penelitian. Data yang terkumpul kemudian diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan statistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: realitas kepemimpinan kepala sekolah di SMA Negeri 20 Bone berada pada kategori tinggi dengan persentase sebesar 56,7%; realitas kepuasan kerja guru di SMA Negeri 20 Bone berada pada kategori tinggi dengan persentase sebesar 53,3%; dan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan kerja guru. Besarnya pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap kepuasan kerja guru di SMA Negeri 20 Bone adalah 27,5%. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa tingkat pengaruh yang dihasilkan cukup tinggi. Dengan demikian, semakin baik kepemimpinan visioner yang diterapkan oleh kepala sekolah, semakin memberikan kontribusi terhadap kepuasan kerja guru.
KEPEMIMPINAN KIAI DALAM PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Andy
Published: July 2022

Abstrak: Kepemimpinan kiai dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Pendidikan Studi Kasus Pondok Pesantren Harisul Khairaat Bumi Hijrah Kota Tidore dan Kepuluan Provinsi Maluku Utara

Penelitian ini akan menjawab permasalahan tentang gaya kepemimpinan KIAI dan implikasinya terhadap peningkatan kualitas pendidikan studi kasus di Pondok Pesantren Harisul Khairaat Bumi Hijrah Tidore dan Kepulauan Provinsi Maluku Utara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwasanya: 1) gaya kepempinan KH An’aim Fatahna Djabir yang dijalankan adalah kepemimpinan karismatik; 2) strategi kepemimpinan KH An’aim Fatahna Djabir adalah peningakatan kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dan santri melalui peningkatan kompetensi serta mengikutkan santri pada lomba nasional dan lokal, serta peningkatan sarana dan prasarana, dan kinerja berbasis penguatan visi, misi, dan sasaran. Adapun implikasi kepemimpinan KH An’aim Fatahna Djabir adalah kiai selaku pengasuh melibatkan banyak orang, seorang pemimpin yang efektif adalah seorang yang mampu mempengaruhi pengikutnya mencapai visi, misi, tujuan, dan sasaran, kepemimpinan harus menjadi suri tauladan, memberikan kemudahan bagi guru yang hendak berkarya, menciptakan suasana kerja yang nyaman dan membangun ketaatan Santri.
Kecernaan invitro Silase Pakan Komplit Menggunakan Jerami Jagung Organik dan Anorganik
Authors: Bahri Syamsul , Mukhtar Muhammad , Nibras K. Laya
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecernaan in vitro (kecernan bahan kering dan kecernaan bahan organic) silase pakan komplit berbasis jerami jagung organic sebagai pakan sapi potong. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan 2 tahap. Tahap pertama adalah pembuatan silase dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni - Juli 2018 di lahan penelitian Desa Bongoime Kecamatan Tilongkabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Tahap kedua adalah analisis in vitro, dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kimia dan Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makasar bulan Maret 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian adalah R0 = kontrol (bahan silase tanpa pupuk), R1 = bahan silase menggunakan jerami jagung yang dipupuk dengan 100% pupuk organik, R2 = bahan silase menggunakan jerami jagung yang dipupuk dengan 50% pupuk organik + 50% pupuk anorganik, dan R3 = bahan silase menggunakan jerami jagung yang dipupuk dengan 100% pupuk anorganik. Parameter yang diukur adalah kecernaan bahan kering dan kecernaan bahan organik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kecernaan bahan kering dan kecernaan bahan organic silase pakan komplit. Kecernaan in vitro bahan kering dan bahan organic tertinggi dicapai pada perlakuan bahan silase menggunakan jerami jagung yang dipupuk dengan 100% pupuk anorganik
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY WITH TRIPOD AND FOWLER POSITION TO INCREASING OXYGEN SATURATION
Authors: Manurung Sondang , Zuriati Zuriati , Dewi Nani Asna , Setiawan Cepy , Rachmat Annisa
Published: July 2022

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the three leading causes of death in the world in low and middle income countries up to 90%, characterized by airway obstruction making it difficult for the body to transport sufficient oxygen. This study examines chest physiotherapy with a tripod and Fowler's position in oxygen saturation. Quantitative analysis using quasi-experimental method and two-group pre-test-posttest design with 50 samples using accidental sampling technique. Statistical test using unpaired t test showed a significant difference in average oxygen saturation using a tripod position with a P-Value of 0.00. The tripod position showed better results as indicated by the increase in oxygen saturation from 93.40 to 97.64 compared to the Fowler position which increased from 92.64% to 95.52. Therefore, this study suggests chest physiotherapy using a tripod position is more effective in increasing oxygen saturation in COPD patients. This intervention can remove secretions, help reduce shortness of breath in patients, and affect the value of increasing oxygen saturation in COPD patients. This non-pharmacological action is a nursing intervention based on scientific evidence for independent nursing actions in providing nursing care to COPD patients
Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda Untuk Media Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa di STKIP Pembangunan
Authors: Muthahharah Isma , Inayanti Fatwa
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dalam melihat pengaruh media pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa di STKIP Pembangunan Indonesia.  Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 25 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa analisis regresi linear berganda dapat digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh media pembelajaran WhatsApp Grup dan  Media Pembelajaran Google Classrom terhadap Prestasi belajar mahasiswa, dimana media pembelajaran WhatsApp Group berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar  mahasiswa. Sedangkan media pembelajaran Google Classroom tidak berpengaruh terhadap pretasi belajar Mhhasiswa. Perbedaan fitur antara WhatsApp Grup dan Google Classroom menyebabkan ada tidaknya pengaruh proses pembelajaran yang berkaitan dengan pretasi belajar Mahasiswa di STKIP Pembangunan selama pendemi Covid-19.
PUZZLE ELEKTRONIK MONTESSORI SAND BOARD LETTER (SBL) UNTUK EDUKASI SUKU KATA BAHASA INDONESIA PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Ihsan Indah Purwitasari , Sakir Muh , Yusuf Farida
Published: July 2022

Montessori merupakan salah satu metode pembelajaran untuk menstimulasi anak dalam meraih potensinya di segala bidang. Pada bidang literasi membaca salah satu tahapan awal adalah bagaimana menstimulasi kemampuan membaca permulaan, dimulai dengan mengenalkan huruf-huruf menggunakan metode belajar suku kata. Proses stimulasi tersebut haruslah dengan cara eksplorasi bermain yang menyenangkan dan tidak membosankan sehingga anak tidak akan merasa bahwa ia sedang belajar, apalagi dalam kondisi pandemi Covid-19 yang masih berlangsung hingga saat ini, dimana proses belajar menjadi membosankan bagi anak karena harus dilakukan di rumah saja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat sebuah teknologi pembelajaran berupa puzzle elektronik Montessori Sand Board Letter (SBL) untuk suku kata Bahasa Indonesia yang dapat membantu menstimulasi anak usia dini sesuai prinsip Montessori dalam mengenal suku kata. Metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan Metode Sistem Development Life-Cycle (SDLC). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian fungsional menggunakan metode black box menyatakan bahwa seluruh fungsional sistem berfungsi 100% sesuai perancangan dan tujuan. Hasil pengujian dan validasi oleh praktisi Montessori menyatakan bahwa sistem telah sesuai dengan kaidah Montessori. Berdasarkan hasil observasi penggunaan, Puzzle elektronik Montessori Sand Board Letter (SBL) untuk suku kata Bahasa Indonesia dapat menjadi salah satu alternative tools pembelajaran mengenalkan suku kata Bahasa Indonesia untuk proses belajar membaca permulaan.
Komunikasi Politik Ichsan Yasin Limpo Sebagai Calon Gubernur Sulawesi Selatan 2018
Authors: Anwar Alifa Rezky Utami , Suryadi Suryadi , Nuh Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini membahas tentang komunikasi politik Ichsan Yasin Limpo dalam pencalonannya sebagai calon gubernur Sulawesi Selatan melalui jalur independent. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini melibatkan narasumber dan mengambil data dengan wawancara dan studi literatur yang mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dipetakan dalam beberapa bentuk seperti kampanye Ichsan Yasin Limpo yang memiliki ciri khas kedaerahan dengan pendekatan yang bernuansa kebudayaan yaitu melalui brand “Punggawa-Macakka”. Kampanye politik juga dilakukan melalui media massa yang sangat memudahkan masyarakat mendapatkan informasi tentang Ichsan Yasin Limpo, selain itu kecakapan retorika berdasarkan pengalamannya menjadi bupati dua periode Kabupaten Gowa juga menjadi komunikasi politik untuk menarik pemilih. Hal ini memunculkan persepsi yang beragam berdasarkan konstruksi branding politik hingga citra politik yang nampak dari Ichsan Yasin Limpo.
Otonomi Desa dan Pergeseran Kekuasaan Elit Lokal
Authors: Karim Syahrir
Published: July 2022

Era reformasi telah merubah paradigma negara dalam melihat desa khususnya desa yang berbasis adat. Hal ini terlihat dalam melihat bagaimana relasi antara pemerintah desa dan adat, serta relasi antara pemerintah desa dan masyarakat khususnya dalam hukum-hukum adat dan pemerintah dalam hal ini negara. Pada saat inilah terbangun ruang dialog, kompromi atau negosiasi bahkan seringkali menimbulkan resistensi oleh salah satu pihak.  Situasi ini kemudian membentuk sebuah konstruk sosial baru dalam bentuk perebutan ruang, perdebatan serta ruang-ruang pencarian identitas-identitas masing-masing. Akhirnya, komunitas adat Ammatoa sebagai komunitas local terlihat berada pada posisi tersubordinasi oleh negara. Oleh karena itu, sebagai jalan satu-satunya mereka selalu mencari ruang-ruang negosiasi atau bahkan kompromi dalam berhadapan dengan negara demi sebuah eksistensi untuk terus terjaga.
Research on the mining of ideological and political knowledge elements in college courses based on the combination of LDA model and Apriori algorithm
Authors: Wang Long
Published: July 2022

In recent years, mapping of knowledge domain and political knowledge has developed rapidly and gradually penetrated into many practical applications. The construction of an ideological and political knowledge framework for colleges has become one of the important applications. Therefore, commencing with the theory of mapping of knowledge domain, and aiming at resolving the difficulty involved in effectively extracting and analysing ideological and political knowledge, a mining method for ideological and political knowledge elements is constructed in this paper, based on LDA model and Apriori algorithm. By setting a three-dimensional matrix of keywords and association rules, an algorithm for mining of ideological and political knowledge elements is proposed, where LDA model is used to acquire ideological and political subject words, and Apriori algorithm is used to discover tacit ideological and political knowledge. It is helpful to solve the problem of excavation and presentation of ideological and political elements in college curriculum, serve the ideological and political construction of curriculum, which is of great significance to dredge students’ learning paths and reduce learners’ learning cost.
Research on the influencing factors of agricultural product purchase willingness in social e-commerce situation
Authors: Liu Linlin , Qin Shibo , Xing Fangyuan , Zou Jianping , Al-Ethawi Ahlam
Published: July 2022

From the perspective of social e-commerce, this paper discusses the influencing factors and mechanism of purchase intention of agricultural products. Based on the stimulus–organism–response model, this paper constructs the relationship model of agricultural product characteristics, social trust, social stickiness, social support, social interaction, consumer perceived value and consumer purchase intention; the related hypotheses are found, and the hypothesis and the structural model are verified by analysing the data. The results show that the characteristics of agricultural products, social stickiness, social support, social interaction and consumer perceived value are the key factors that influence the purchase intention of agricultural products. Perceived value is the intermediary mechanism of social stickiness, social support, social interaction and purchase intention.
Transformation of Turkey's Anti-Terrorism Policy under the AKP
Authors: Avatkov V. A. , Sbitneva A. I.
Published: July 2022

In the era of new challenges and threats, the most dangerous of which has occurred terrorism, the Republic of Turkey becomes one of the key centers of power in the Middle East and pursues the goal to create a regional security architecture around itself as well as to counter various terrorist organizations. The aim of the research is to scrutinize the peculiarities of Ankara's anti-terrorism policy both – inside and outside the country – and its political and legal approaches to understanding the phenomenon of terrorism and methods of its combating.The study of Russia and Turkey's aspects of interaction is of particular importance. This issue seems to be especially relevant in the scope of strengthening of Russian-Turkish cooperation in recent years including the field of combating terrorism, ensuring global and regional security, and maintaining international stability. As a result of quantitative content analysis of President R.T. Erdogan's public speeches and the use of general scientific research methods, the authors conclude that the fight against terrorist threat, especially the so-called "Kurdish terrorism", is a matter of great importance for the country's leadership. At the same time Turkey's anti-terrorist activity has certain specifics and is characterized by Ankara's desire to lead anti-terrorist missions in different parts of the world and using a predominantly militaristic approach to solving the problem. This approach primarily consists in conducting cross-border anti-terrorist military operations on the neighboring states' territories. However, the military campaigns that have become an integral part of Turkey's anti-terrorism policy in many respects do not contribute to the demolishing of terrorist elements. Instead of that such operations on the contrary become an extra destabilizing factor in the Middle East. Besides that, due to the peculiarities of Turkey's interpretation of the concept of "terrorism" and its policy's implementation, Ankara's foreign anti-terrorism actions in most cases are limited to the realization of its own interests but not to achieving the goals set within the framework of the ongoing campaigns.
To Be or Not To Be: Twitter Presence among Turkish Diplomats
Authors: Mehmetcik H. , Salihi E.
Published: July 2022

The article studies Turkey’s twiplomacy how Turkish diplomats use Twitter in performing their diplomatic outreach and public diplomacy. The literature review shows that there is a lack of a comprehensive large N study of Turkey’s twiplomacy. The article fills in this gap by collecting and analyzing data set of Twitter posts by 76 diplomats from 2010 to 2020. It helps understand how and to what extent Turkish diplomats maintain their presence on Twitter. We achieve this goal using two groups of methods. Firstly, we derive descriptive statistics for several user metrics including raw numbers of tweets per user and per date as well as retweet, reply, and like counts per user. Secondly, we analyze content of tweets through calculation of their sentiment scores.The main findings indicate that the Twitter presence of Turkish diplomats is relatively limited and reliant on a few prominent figures. Though Turkish diplomats are selected from well-educated individuals who can make the greatest use of available opportunities provided by social media, relatively few of them are active on Twitter. Another significant conclusion is that Turkey’s twiplomacy is inconsistent and driven by individuals rather than a part of a wider strategy or framework. Online activities of different state institutions are not synchronized for efficient use of social media and so-called twiplomacy. Finally, according to the results of the content analysis, Turkish diplomats usually employ positive language in their tweets, as seen by the most frequently used terms, related emotions, and sentiment scores. It confirms the idea that Turkish diplomats tend to promote messages demonstrating Turkey's endorsement of international cooperation.
Managing the Investment Attractiveness of the Federal Subjects of Russia in the Context of the UN Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Borisov A. N. , Borodin A. I. , Gubarev R. V. , Dzyuba E. I. , Sagatgareev E. R.
Published: July 2022

Inter-regional gaps in the investment sphere and sanction pressure on the national economy have actualized the issue of improving the efficiency of managing investment attractiveness at the mesoscale using modern high-precision methods of economic and mathematical modeling. A number of well-known thematic ratings are used to assess the investment attractiveness of the Russian regions, whose critical analysis made it possible to identify their main shortcomings. Therefore, in the course of the study, the authors make an attempt to build an adequate rating of the investment attractiveness of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation using artificial intelligence. The results of the retrospective assessment are deepened by clustering the Russian regions based on the achieved level of investment attractiveness by the method of Kohonen self-organizing cards. To implement the prognostic function, a Bayesian ensemble of dynamic neural network models was formed. As a result of the empirical study three hypotheses have been confirmed: on significant inter-regional gaps in the sphere of investment attractiveness; on a negative change in the cluster structure (in the field of investment attractiveness) of the Russian regions in 2013-2018 due to sanctions pressure on the national economy; and on the persistence of significant inter-regional gaps (in the investment sphere) in the medium term (on the example of the leading regions). The results can be used to update the provisions of the economic policy of a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Moreover, the authors’ approach might be applied for analyzing other countries in the context of the UN Sustainable Development Goals at the meso-level.