bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspects of β-sitosterol's Pharmacology, Nutrition and Analysis
Authors: Dwivedi Jyotsana , Wal Pranay , Sachan Pranjal , Dwivedi Monika , Gunjal Sachinkumar Dnyaneshwar , Wasnik Ujwala , Singhai Ashish
Published: September 2024

Phytosterols are bioactive substances found naturally in the cell membranes of plants
and have an arrangement of molecules similar to that of fat, which is produced by mammalian
cells. They are widely distributed as dietary sources of lipids in plants, such as nuts, seeds, olive
oil, and legumes. This review provides a summary of the efficacy of BS in treating lifestyle
problems, as well as an appraisal of previous research. Data was collected from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google scholar (1968 -2024) using standard keywords “β-sitosterol,”
“Classification,” “Biosynthesis,” “Pharmacokinetics,” “Herbal nutraceutical,” “Analytical,”
“Structure,” “Pharmacological effect.” A total of 222 studies were included in this review. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations have shown that BSs exhibit several biological properties such as calming and anxiolytic effects; narcotic and immune-stimulating effects; antibacterial, antineoplastic, inflammation-causing, lipid-lowering, and hepatoprotective effects; and antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and wound-healing effects in contrast to respiratory and non-alcoholic
fatty liver disease illnesses. β-sitosterol is a promising natural substance for the management of
cholesterol and inflammation. However, further studies are needed to understand its pharmacological consequences and determine its best use in clinical applications. β-Sitosterol, also known
as "plant sterol ester," is often present in plants and has several applications, notably in medicine
and the food industry. Experimental research on β-sitosterol provides unequivocal evidence that
phytosterol can be supplemented with other methods to combat serious illnesses. Such a high
potential identifies this substance as a noteworthy medication for the future based on its composition. Although β-sitosterol has anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties and is useful in
human clinical trials for enlarged prostates, its mechanism of action remains unclear
Proteases: Role in Various Human Diseases
Authors: Apoorva Ogireddy Sri , Shukla Khyati , Khurana Aakash , Chaudhary Nidhee
Published: September 2024

Proteases, a group of hydrolytic enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of peptide bonds,
play pivotal roles in various physiological processes and have emerged as key contributors to the
pathogenesis of diverse diseases. This work provides an insight into the impact of protease activity on different disease contexts, highlighting their involvement in cancer, inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative conditions. In cancer,
proteases facilitate tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis, while in inflammatory diseases,
dysregulated protease activity exacerbates tissue damage and inflammation. Cardiovascular diseases involve proteases in extracellular matrix remodeling, affecting arterial structure. In infectious diseases, proteases play crucial roles in pathogen invasion and immune evasion. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by protease dysregulation, contributing to protein misfolding and aggregation. As research progresses, understanding the intricate relationships between proteases and diseases becomes essential for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.
This review aims to provide a comprehensive glimpse into the diverse impact of protease activities on various diseases, emphasizing their potential as crucial players in the landscape of disease pathology and potential therapeutic interventions.
Advancements in Phytosomal Therapies for Liver Cancer: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kothawade Sachin , Bhange Manjusha , Pande Vishal Vijay
Published: September 2024

Phytosomes, innovative lipid-compatible complexes formed by combining natural
phospholipids with water-soluble phytoconstituents, represent a groundbreaking technology in
herbal medicine. This review examines the novel applications of phytosomes in liver cancer
treatment. Phytosome technology overcomes traditional obstacles in utilizing herbal potential
for modern medicine, such as issues with potency, solubility, permeability, and stability,
which has led to increased interest in herbal drug sources. By enhancing the bioavailability
and bioefficacy of polyphenolic phytoconstituents, particularly those with anti-angiogenic
properties critical for tumor growth and embryonic nourishment, phytosome technology addresses these challenges. The complexity of liver cancer, including both cholangiocarcinoma
and hepatocellular carcinoma, demands comprehensive medical management. Although natural compounds like resveratrol, curcumin, and silymarin show promise with their anticancer
effects, their full efficacy in human trials is not yet confirmed. Phytosomal preparations,
which incorporate these compounds into lipid complexes, offer a potential solution for improved bioavailability and absorption. This review thoroughly explores the application of phytosome technology in herbal medicine, highlighting its potential role in tackling the complexities of liver cancer treatment. As research advances, phytosomes are expected to be a valuable
addition to the evolving field of natural product-based therapeutic formulations.
A Step Towards Optimization of Amide-Linked Coumarin Pharmacophore: As an Anti-HIV Agent
Authors: Joshi Harish Chandra , Kumar Vikas , Purohit Priyank , Pandey Indra P. , Joshi Gaurav
Published: September 2024

The aim of the present investigation is to identify effective anti-HIV drugs through the
in-silico virtual screening of the coumarin pharmacophore with or without substituents. Virtual
screening started with target identification through computation docking and interactions, binding
affinity through molecular dynamics, and the ADMET profile through the use of various enzymes.
The target study suggests that the target is involved in various stages of HIV replication
and in determining the ways in which non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) influence
it. The interaction pattern and simulation study conclude the specific affinity of coumarin
pharmacophore to the HIV's reverse transcriptase enzyme, especially 3HVT. Moreover, the amide
linkage worked as a synergistic bridge to provide more interaction to the pharmacophore. The
initial results led to the determination of 83 virtual amide-like molecules, which were screened
through docking and MD studies (100 ns) on the best-suited enzyme HIV's reverse transcriptase
enzyme, such as PDB ID “3HVT”. The virtual screening study revealed the high affinity of compounds
7d and 7e with the lowest IC50 values of 0.729 and 0.658 μM; moreover, their metabolism
pattern study, toxicity, and QED values in a range of 0.31-0.40 support a good drug candidate.
The two compounds were also synthesized and characterized for future in vitro and in vivo studies.
The in silico-based descriptor of compounds 7d and 7e indicates the potential future and provides
the best two molecules and their synthetic route for the development of a more effective
drug to combat HIV/AIDS epidemics.
Quantum Chemical Calculation on ScCl3-NaCl-KCl Molten Salt System
Authors: Xu Can , Chen Xin , Li Pengwei
Published: September 2024

Background:

The study of the ionic structure of the ScCl3-NaCl-KCl molten salt system
is of guiding significance for the production of metal Sc and Sc alloy by molten salt electrolysis using ScCl3-NaCl-KCl molten salt system as electrolyte. However, limited research has been conducted on the structural analysis of molten salt within this system using Raman spectroscopy.

Methods:

The Gaussian and GaussView programs are used to simulate Sc-Cl ionic groups that may
exist in the ScCl3-NaCl-KCl molten salt system based on density functional theory (DFT) and calculate their theoretical Raman spectra. Then, the wave function analysis of these Sc-Cl ionic groups is
carried out using the Multiwfn program.

Results:

When the ScCl3-NaCl-KCl system is used as the electrolyte, it is considered that the 8 Sc
atom in ScCl74− ionic groups is most easily reduced by electrochemistry at the cathode when the
concentrations of eight Sc-Cl ionic groups are the same. In Sc2Cl7− Sc2Cl82− and Sc2Cl93− ionic
groups, the sites that are most likely to attract electrophiles to attack and react are 1Cl and 7Cl, respectively, and the two Sc atoms located in the "chlorine bridge" structure contribute the most to
LUMO orbitals, and nucleophiles will preferentially attack the Sc atoms located in the "chlorine
bridge" structure. For Sc2Cl7−、Sc2Cl82− and Sc2Cl93− ionic groups, which have two Sc atoms,
the bonds formed between Sc and Cl in the "chlorine bridge" structure have the smallest bond order,
so the bonds formed by Sc and Cl in the "chlorine bridge" structure break first during the reaction,
and then the bond formed by Sc and Cl located at both ends of the whole structure breaks

Conclusion:

The key information, such as bond length, point group structure, and theoretical Raman
spectral characteristic peak after optimization, are obtained by the Gaussian and GaussView programs. The net atomic charge in each ionic group, the direction of electron migration during the formation of the ionic groups, the sites where electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions are most likely to
occur in each ionic group, and the order of bond breaking during chemical reactions are obtained by
the Multiwfn program.
Electrochemical Analysis of Key Anticancer Herbal Drugs: Progress and Innovations in Emodin, Rutin, Berberine, Shikonin, and Sophoridine
Authors: Zheng Yuhong , Fu Li , Zhu Jiangwei , Han Fugui
Published: September 2024

Background:

Anticancer herbal drugs have gained significant attention in pharmaceutical
research due to their complex chemical profiles and multifaceted therapeutic effects. Electrochemical
analysis has emerged as a powerful tool for studying these compounds, offering unique
insights into their behavior and properties.

Methods:

This review examines recent advances in the electrochemical analysis of five key anticancer
herbal drugs: emodin, rutin, berberine, shikonin, and sophoridine. Various electrochemical
techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and square wave voltammetry,
are discussed in relation to their application in detecting and characterizing these compounds.

Results:

Significant progress has been made in developing highly sensitive and selective electrochemical
sensors for these herbal drugs. Nanomaterial-modified electrodes have consistently improved
detection limits and expanded linear ranges. Compound-specific innovations in electrode
modifications and measurement techniques have been tailored to the unique electrochemical properties
of each drug.

Conclusion:

Electrochemical analysis of anticancer herbal drugs has advanced substantially, offering
powerful tools for studying and utilizing these compounds in cancer research and treatment. Future
directions include the development of multi-analyte sensors, integration with microfluidic technologies,
and application of artificial intelligence for data analysis. Challenges remain in improving
the stability of modified electrodes and standardizing protocols for sample preparation and analysis.
Alterations of Krüppel-like Factor Signaling and Potential Targeted Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Fang Rongfei , Sha Chunxiu , Xie Qun , Yao Dengfu , Yao Min
Published: September 2024

Krüppel-like factors (KLFs, total 18 members) from the zinc finger protein (ZFP) super-family have a
wide range of biological functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This paper reviews the recent some progresses
of aberrant KLFs with their potential values for diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy in HCC. The
recent advances of oncogenic KLFs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy of HCC were reviewed
based on the related literature on PUBMED and clinical investigation. Based on the recent literature, KLFs, according
to biological functions in HCC, are divided into 4 subgroups: promoting (KLF5, 7, 8, 13), inhibiting
(KLF3, 4, 9~12, 14, 17), dual (KLF2, 6), and unknown functions (KLF1, 15, 16, or 18 ?). HCC-related KLFs
regulate downstream gene transcription during hepatocyte malignant transformation, participating in cell proliferation,
apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. Some KLFs have diagnostic or prognostic value, and other KLFs with
inhibiting promoting function or over-expressing inhibiting roles might be molecular targets for HCC therapy.
These data have suggested that Abnormal expressions of KLFs were associated with HCC progression. Among
them, some KLFs have revealed the clinical values of diagnosis or prognosis, and other KLFs with the biological
functions of promotion or inhibition might be as effectively molecular targets for HCC therapy.
A Toluene-induced Infundibulo-neuro-hypophysitis: Presentation of a New Cause of Hypophysitis Secondary to Toxic Exposure and Review on Toluene Inhalation Endocrine Effects
Authors: Costanza Flavia , Giampietro Antonella , Tartaglione Tommaso , Angelini Flavia , Gaudino Simona , De Marinis Laura , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Chiloiro Sabrina , Bianchi Antonio
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Hypophysitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the pituitary gland.
Symptoms and signs of hypophysitis can be various, progressing insidiously, and its recognition
may be challenging.

Case Presentation:

We report the clinical history and therapeutic management of a 59-year-old
man diagnosed with arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D) due to an infundibulo-neurohypophysitis
(INH) that occurred after the patient had inhaled spray film containing toluene. In
consideration of the clinical signs and radiological imaging suggestive of INH, therapy with
desmopressin and corticosteroids was instituted, with gradual improvement of polyuria and resolution
of the radiological features of INH.

Conclusion:

To our knowledge, we described the first case of INH, manifested with AVP-D,
secondary to toluene exposure. In addition, the endocrine effects of toluene inhalation were discussed.
Finally, given the scarcity of data available, an overview of all the known toxic substances
inducing AVP-D was also provided.
Anticancer Potential of Quercetin, Epigallocatechin Gallate, Kaempferol, Apigenin, and Curcumin against Several Human Carcinomas
Authors: Singh Megha , Verma Meenakshi , Pandey Shivam , Kumar Rahul , Khan Fahad , Pandey Pratibha
Published: September 2024

Cancer remains a global health problem that requires constant research for the development
of new treatment strategies. Flavonoids, a diverse group of naturally occurring polyphenolic
compounds abundant in fruits, vegetables, and other plant sources, have received considerable
attention for their potential anticancer properties. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive
overview of the current scientific literature on five specific natural flavonoids, namely
quercetin, Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), kaempferol, apigenin, and curcumin that have been
widely reported in numerous carcinomas and evaluate their effectiveness and mechanisms in
fighting different types of cancer. Known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,
quercetin has shown promise in inhibiting cancer cells and modulating key signaling pathways.
EGCG, a prominent catechin found in green tea, has been extensively studied for its ability to induce
apoptosis and inhibit angiogenesis, highlighting its potential as an anticancer agent.
Kaempferol has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and has shown anticancer potential
by modulating cellular processes involved in tumor development. Apigenin, abundant in parsley
and chamomile, has been shown to exert anticancer properties by interrupting the cell cycle and
inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Curcumin has shown several anticancer effects, including
inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and modulating inflammatory pathways. Despite
these promising findings, it is essential to recognize the complexity of cancer biology and
the need for further research to clarify the precise mechanisms of action of these natural flavonoids
and optimize their therapeutic applications. Furthermore, understanding flavonoids' potential
synergy and interactions with traditional cancer therapies is paramount for developing effective
combinatorial strategies. This review thus aimed to summarize the current knowledge on these
natural flavonoids and provide insight into their potential role as an adjunctive or stand-alone
therapy in the fight against breast, prostate, colon, lung, skin, ovarian, liver, and pancreatic cancer.
Design and in vitro Evaluation of Cocoa Butter-based Amlodipine Besylate Fast Melt Tablets
Authors: Janakiraman Ashok Kumar , Ong Khai Kee , Sundarapandian Ramkanth , Liew Kai Bin , Kayarohanam Saminathan , Zenli Cheng , Saleem Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Background:

Oral fast-melting tablets (FMTs) have been gaining popularity due to
their advantages in resolving swallowing issues of conventional oral tablets. Cocoa butter is an excipient
of choice to develop FMT with an acceptable taste and faster onset of action of the drug.

Purpose:

The present study aimed to prepare and characterize the amlodipine besylate-loaded cocoa
butter FMTs.

objective:

To prepare and characterise the formulation of cocoa butter tablet as fast melt buccal delivery system of amlodipine besylate.

Method:

Amlodipine besylate FMTs were prepared using a simple freezing (refrigeration)
method. Cocoa butter (Form V) was used as the base to achieve a final tablet weight of 500 mg
with drug and other functional excipients. The designed prototype tablet formulations were subjected
to disintegration tests to determine the robust selected batch. The formulation F4, containing
7% high-molecular-weight chitosan, exhibited the quickest disintegration time of 1.45 ± 0.10
min. Afterwards, the selected formulation, F4, was subjected to quality evaluation parameters.

Results:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies revealed that there was no incompatibility
between amlodipine besylate, cocoa butter, and other excipients. The average hardness
of the F4 formulation tablet batch was found to be 2.69 ± 0.21 kg/cm2 and a friability of less than
1%. The drug content in F4 tablets was found to be 102.38 ± 5.29% and showed an in-vitro drug
release of 94.30 ± 2.63% within 30 min. Over a six-month stability testing period, the chosen F4
formulation did not significantly change in terms of tablet average weight, disintegration time,
drug content, and in-vitro dissolution rate.

Conclusions:

Selected formulation F4 with 7% of high molecular weight chitosan exhibited good
physical properties, indicating the suitability of cocoa butter as a base to produce FMTs with the
aid of a natural super-disintegrant.
Ethanolic Extract Clove-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Reduce Dyslipidemia, Enhance Liver and Kidney Functions, and Improve the Antioxidant System in Obese Rats
Authors: Abelsalam Yasmine Gamal Salah , Mohamed Hanan Ramadan H. , Baiomy Ahmed Abdel Aziz , Abdelfattah Marwa Ahmed , Mohamed Ayman Saber
Published: September 2024

Background:

Obesity, a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease characterized by multiple
metabolic dysfunctions, poses a considerable worldwide health risk to adults and children.
Clove has also shown that it possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, antibacterial, antioxidant,
antiglycation, and anti-aging properties.

Aim:

The current study aimed to investigate the antiobesity effect of clove-loaded chitosan nanoparticles
in obese rats.

objective:

The current study investigated the antiobesity effect of clove-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in obese rats.

Method:

Obesity is induced in rats by the administration of a High-Fat Diet (HFD) for 4 weeks.
24 rats were divided into 4 groups; Control group, in which rats were fed normal; HDF group, in
which rats were HFD along with distilled water; HFD + empty nanoparticles (ENPs), in which
rats were HFD along with ENPs (45 mg/kg); and HFD + clove nanoparticles (CNPs), in which
rats were HFD along with CNPs (45 mg/kg) for four weeks.

Results:

Administration of ENPs and CNPs led to a notable reduction in glucose, aminotransferases,
alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, malondialdehyde, nitric
oxide, caspase-3, PCNA, leptin, and DNA fragmentation. Additionally, it promoted an increase
in total proteins, albumin, high-density lipoprotein, glutathione, catalase, and adiponectin.
Also, the histopathological investigation of the liver and kidney showed the protective effect of
ENPs and CNPs on the tissues of obese rats.

Conclusion:

The present investigation elucidated the preventive effects of chitosan nanoparticles
loaded with clove on dyslipidemia in obese rats. Clove nanoparticles exhibited hypolipidemia, antioxidant,
hypoglycemia, and hepatoprotective activities.
Bacillomycin Production and Its Applications in Controlling Fungi and Mycotoxin in Agriculture and Food Systems
Authors: Sun Jing , Lu Yingjian
Published: September 2024

Fungi and mycotoxin contamination is one of the major concerns in
agriculture as well as the food system, therefore, searching for environmentally friendly
and efficient biogenic fungicides has become the path to ensure food safety.
Bacillomycin is a new type of cyclic lipopeptide biogenic fungicide secreted by
Bacillus sp. It not only has a strong antifungal function but also has the characteristics
of green safety, high stability, and drug resistance. This chapter describes the structural
types, biosynthesis and regulation, and culture optimization of bacillomycin in detail
and introduces its applications in the protection of plant diseases and green
preservation of fruits, vegetables, aquatic products, and cereal products.
Regeneration of Abandoned Spaces: A New Design Approach
Authors: Crespi Luciano
Published: September 2024

Our urban landscapes are filled with "leftovers" - abandoned buildings and unused spaces, remnants of industrial decline and societal transformations. Regeneration of Abandoned Spaces: A New Design Approach investigates how design and architecture can revitalize these neglected areas, transforming them into dynamic, livable environments.

This book is organized into three parts, each providing a comprehensive framework for addressing this multifaceted challenge. Part One explores the dynamic nature of modern living spaces and how interior design can adapt to the fluid lifestyles of contemporary nomads. It delves into advanced drawing techniques that capture the intricate complexities of these evolving environments.

Part Two focuses on the philosophical aspects of design, particularly within exhibition design, examining how unfinished spaces can evoke deep emotional responses. It explores the role of temporary installations in revitalizing urban areas, demonstrating how ephemeral interventions can catalyze long-term renewal.

The final section, Part Three, addresses the concept of "unfinished design" in architecture, showcasing successful projects from around the world. It emphasizes the aesthetic and functional benefits of embracing imperfections and repurposing abandoned spaces. This part provides practical strategies and inspiring examples, illustrating how adaptive reuse and incompleteness can lead to sustainable and inclusive urban regeneration.

Regeneration of Abandoned Spaces: A New Design Approach is an essential resource for professionals, urban planners, and anyone passionate about urban architecture and renewal. Combining theoretical insights with practical guidance, it equips readers with the tools and knowledge needed to reimagine and reconstruct our cities, fostering a more sustainable and inclusive future.
Unlocking The Potential of Lampung Agricultural Waste: Banana Kepok Peel Silage (Musa × Paradisiaca) for Ruminant Nutrition Through an Optimization of Ensiling Time
Authors: Deviany Deviany , Yusuf Reggina Aulia , Raqin Mohammad Rayhan , Ramadhan Aditia Fajar , Nugraha Dea Amanda , Afriliza Tiara Fitri
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the optimization of ensiling time for fermenting Kepok/Saba banana peel into silage for ruminant nutrition. Two ensiling durations were compared: T1 with a 7-day ensiling time and T2 with a 14-day ensiling time. The results of the experiment reveal that while T2 demonstrated certain advantages, such as enhanced aroma and texture due to extended fermentation, the physical quality of silage from T1 was comparable, and the proximate analysis indicated no significant difference in nutritional content between T1 and T2. Additionally, T1 silage exhibited a lower crude fiber content compared to T2, suggesting potentially better digestibility and nutrient availability for livestock. These findings emphasize the practicality of choosing T1 to expedite production without compromising physical quality or nutritional integrity. The study underscores the potential of Kepok/Saba banana peel waste to be processed into silage, offering a sustainable solution for utilizing Lampung’s agricultural by-products for ruminant nutrition enhancement.
Evaluation of Nutritional Aspects of Maggot Flour (Hermetia Illucens L) As Feed Additive on Intestinal Villi Characteristics, Protein Digestibility, Energy Metabolism, and Nitrogen Retention in Broiler
Authors: Jihana Amalia Iffah , Sjofjan Osfar , Tistiana Heli
Published: September 2024

This study evaluated the nutrition of Maggot (Hermetia illucens L.) from various fruit waste media, food waste, tofu pulp, fruit rubbish + food waste, and tofu pulp + fruit waste. This study is divided into two stages: stage 1, which is carried out by proximate analysis and inhibitory testing of lactic acid bacteria (BAL), Escherichia coli, and Salmonella sp, and stage 2, which was an in vivo trial. Research material in stage 2 was DOC Strain Lohmann Platinum MB 202 as many as 160 tails are carried out in vivo trial method using a complete random design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and four replications where T0 (basal feed without treatment), T1 (basal feed + maggot flour 0.25%), T2 (basal feed + maggot flour 0.50%), T3 (basal feed + maggot flour 0.75%), T4 (basal feed + 1% maggot flour). The parameters measured were proximate, bacterial inhibitory power, intestinal villi characteristics, crude protein digestibility, Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AME), Apparent Metabolizable Energy Corrected Nitrogen (AMEn), and Nitrogen Retention in Broiler. Data was analyzed using the analysis of variety; if significantly different, results were then continued with the multiple distance test Duncan´s. The results showed that the use of tofu pulp + fruit waste produces maggots with the highest quality of nutrition and inhibition of bacteria, and the administration of maggot flour as feed additive of 0.50% shows the best results in increasing the characteristics of the intestinal villi broiler
Influence of Phosphate Powder Application on The Biology and Demographic Statistics of Green Ladybug (Nezara viridula L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Soybean Pods
Authors: Septiani Rohma Wulan , Rahardjo Bambang Tri , Widjayanti Tita
Published: September 2024

Green ladybug Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is one of the harmful pests on soybeans. One of the ways to suppress attacks is by using phosphate fertilizers. The effect of applying phosphate fertilizer could be seen using biological parameters and demographic statistics. The research was conducted at the Pest and Wirehouse Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, from January to June 2022. The experimental design in this study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in the laboratory and wired house. There were four treatment doses of phosphate fertilizer consisting of 0 kg/ha (control), 25 kg/ha (low), 50 kg/ha (recommendation), and 75 kg/ha (high). Observations were made on 90 individuals of N. viridula in each treatment divided into three replications. The type of phosphate fertilizer used in this study was SP36 fertilizer. The observational variables of this study were the biology and demographic statistics of N. viridula. Observations were made daily, and the data were compiled in a live table. Calculations were carried out using demographic statistics and analysis of variance to determine differences between treatments using HSD 5%. The results showed biological and demographic statistical differences in N. viridula: personality, life cycle, and gross growth rate (GRR). These findings have significant implications for pest management in soybean cultivation, suggesting that applying phosphate fertilizers can effectively suppress the attacks of N. viridula, particularly at the recommended dose.
The Effectiveness Test of Trichoderma harzianum, Mycorrhiza and Bacteria B8 on the Growth of Phytophthora nicotianae in Pineapple Plants (Ananas comosus L. Merr) at PT.Great Giant Pineapple
Authors: Larasati Candra Violita , Syamsulhadi Mochammad , Widjayanti Tita
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the potential of biological agents to inhibit the pathogen P. nicotianae that causes liver rot and the effect of biological agents on the growth of pineapple plants at PT. Great Giant Pineapple. The research was carried out at the Experimental Field and Research and Development Protection Laboratory of PT. Great Giant Pineapple, Terbanggi Besar, Central Lampung from September to November 2022. The research was carried out in several stages, namely the preparation stage and the implementation stage. The preparation stage includes land preparation, breeding and application of T. harzianum, preparation of liquid culture of T. harzianum and B8 bacteria, dipping crowns, and selection of crowns and tagging. While the implementation phase includes planting, application of T. harzianum, mycorrhiza, and B8 bacteria, observation of disease occurrence level, antagonist test, observation of new leaf growth, and plant observation. The data obtained were analyzed using the T-test, which compared the control plot with the treatment plot (T. harzianum, mycorrhiza, and B8 bacteria). The results showed that the application of the biological agent T. harzianum had a significant effect on suppressing the pathogen P. nicotianae that causes heart rot in pineapple plants in vitro. In addition, the application of T. harzianum, mycorrhiza, and B8 bacteria significantly affected the growth of the number of tillers, d-Leaf height, and d-Leaf index.
A 25-Year Retrospective of Health IT Infrastructure Building: The Example of the Catalonia Region
Authors: Piera-Jiménez Jordi , Carot-Sans Gerard , Ramiro-Pareta Marina , Nogueras Maria Mercedes , Folguera-Profitós Júlia , Ródenas Pepi , Jiménez-Rueda Alba , de Pando Navarro Thais , Mira Palacios Josep Antoni , Fajardo Joan Carles , Ustrell Campillo Joan , Vela Emili , Monterde David , Valero-Bover Damià , Bonet Tara , Tarrasó-Urios Guillermo , Cantenys-Sabà Roser , Fabregat-Fabregat Pau , Gómez Oliveros Beatriz , Berdún Jesús , Michelena Xabier , Cano Isaac , González-Colom Rubèn , Roca Josep , Solans Oscar , Pontes Caridad , Pérez-Sust Pol
Published: September 2024

Over the past decades, health care systems have significantly evolved due to aging populations, chronic diseases, and higher-quality care expectations. Concurrently with the added health care needs, information and communications technology advancements have transformed health care delivery. Technologies such as telemedicine, electronic health records, and mobile health apps promise enhanced accessibility, efficiency, and patient outcomes, leading to more personalized, data-driven care. However, organizational, political, and cultural barriers and the fragmented approach to health information management are challenging the integration of these technologies to effectively support health care delivery. This fragmentation collides with the need for integrated care pathways that focus on holistic health and wellness. Catalonia (northeast Spain), a region of 8 million people with universal health care coverage and a single public health insurer but highly heterogeneous health care service providers, has experienced outstanding digitalization and integration of health information over the past 25 years, when the first transition from paper to digital support occurred. This Viewpoint describes the implementation of health ITs at a system level, discusses the hits and misses encountered in this journey, and frames this regional implementation within the global context. We present the architectures and use trends of the health information platforms over time. This provides insightful information that can be used by other systems worldwide in the never-ending transformation of health care structure and services.
Research on Urban Renewal Design in the Context of the Future Community Concept
Authors: Liu Kecheng , Yoon Myung han
Published: September 2024

As urbanization accelerates, traditional cities face numerous challenges such as aging infrastructure, limited community functions, and inadequate environmental sustainability. The concept of the "future community," as an innovative approach to urban development, emphasizes the application of smart technologies, enhanced community participation, eco-friendly designs, and diversified economic growth, providing a new direction for urban renewal. This study aims to explore the application of the future community concept in urban renewal design through a combination of literature review, case studies, and data analysis, systematically analyzing the core characteristics of future communities and their impact on urban renewal. The research selects typical urban renewal cases from both domestic and international contexts, constructs a relationship model between future communities and urban renewal, and proposes a series of design strategies such as participatory design, smart technology integration, sustainable green design, and mixed-use development. Comparative analysis reveals that the future community concept significantly improves social inclusiveness, technological application levels, and environmental sustainability, while also boosting economic vitality. The use of data tables further validates the effectiveness of these design strategies, providing empirical support for urban planning and design. The study concludes that while the future community concept offers important guidance for urban renewal, challenges such as technological, financial, and policy issues must still be overcome during implementation. Finally, the paper offers relevant policy recommendations and future research directions to provide theoretical and practical references for building more livable, intelligent, and sustainable urban communities.
Nano recubrimiento de óxido de grafeno sobre aditamentos protésicos de titanio
Authors: Chávez Martínez Noemy Celeste , Martínez Aguilar Víctor , Núñez Tapia Israel Alfonso , Álvarez Chimal Rafael , Vázquez Vázquez Febe Carolina
Published: September 2024

Para lograr una mayor supervivencia de los implantes dentales, es importante una sólida integración de los tejidos blandos en la región transmucosa con los pilares protésicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si las superficies del pilar de titanio recubiertas con óxido de grafeno mejoraban la adhesión celular. Se ha demostrado que el óxido de grafeno favorece la integración y estabilidad de las células que componen los tejidos blandos periimplantarios, aumentando la biocompatibilidad, adhesión celular y propiedades antibacterianas del titanio. En este estudio se recubrieron las superficies de pilares de titanio anodizados de la empresa Nobel Biocare, mediante inmersión en una suspensión de óxido de grafeno con agua; posteriormente, se colocaron en una mufla a 180 °C durante 2 horas para fijar y secar el recubrimiento. Se caracterizó la película de óxido de grafeno mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido, espectroscopía por dispersión de rayos X (EDS) y mapeo elemental. Finalmente, se evaluaron los pilares protésicos de titanio anodizado con o sin recubrimiento de óxido de grafeno mediante ensayos de adhesión. La microscopía electrónica de barrido permitió observar las capas de óxido de grafeno depositadas sobre la superficie del pilar, el mapeo comprobó la presencia del carbono en toda la superficie y el EDS la presencia de carbono y titanio. Los ensayos biológicos demostraron un incremento significativo en la adhesión celular en los pilares de titanio recubierto con óxido de grafeno en comparación con sus contrapartes sin recubrir. Estos resultados permiten concluir que se lograron recubrir con éxito las superficies de los pilares de titanio anodizado con óxido de grafeno y que este recubrimiento tuvo una influencia favorable en la adhesión celular.
Andamios impresos en 3D con poros heterogéneos como estrategia de regeneración ósea in vivo
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Lucía , Silva Torres Mariana Elizabeth , Maldonado Frías Silvia , Correa-Prado Rodrigo , Villarreal-Ramírez Eduardo , Marichi Rodríguez Francisco , Serrano-Bello Janeth
Published: September 2024

Andamios impresos en 3D con poros heterogéneos, surge como estrategia para la regeneración de tejidos. En este estudio, se evaluó la regeneración ósea en defectos críticos de ratas Wistar, debido a la osteoconducción de andamios de poliácido-láctico (PAL), impresos en 3D con diferentes tamaños de poros; 250-300 µm en la periferia, seguido de 350-400 µm y en el centro 400-740 µm, debido a que los pequeños promueven adhesión celular, mientras que los grandes la angiogénesis. Los andamios se imprimieron en 3D con PLA, un material termoplástico, biocompatible, biorreabsorbible, aprobado por la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de los Estados Unidos (FDA, por sus siglas en inglés), evaluando tamaño de poro y porosidad, in vivo, en defectos de 9 mm de diámetro en calvarias de ratas, calculando el tejido mineralizado por la radiodensidad de las unidades Hounsfield (UH) en imágenes microtomográficas a 8, 30, 60 y 90 días. Los resultados demostraron rango de poros de 200-800 µm (como el diseño), la porosidad fue del 98%, favoreciendo el flujo de nutrientes, oxígeno y eliminación de desechos. Se observó in vivo tejido radiodenso al día 30, evidentemente al 90, concordando con las UH 93.66 y 118.31, respectivamente. Los andamios 3D con poros heterogéneos, demostraron su capacidad osteoconductora en la regeneración ósea, abriendo alternativas en la bioingeniería tisular.
Caracterización de osteoesferoides para inducir mineralización
Authors: Sánchez-Escamilla José Luis , Valencia-González Heriberto Abraham , Serrano-Bello Janeth , Vázquez-Vázquez Febe Carolina , Gaitán-Salvatella Íñigo , Álvarez-Pérez Marco Antonio , Maldonado-Frías Silvia
Published: September 2024

Este trabajo muestra la obtención de osteoesferoides con la capacidad de formar nódulos mineralizados, puediendo utilizarse como modelos de estudio para probar nanofármacos o nanomateriales. Se realizaron cultivos celulares en suspensión para obtener esferoides de osteoblastos fetales, probando diferentes concentraciones celulares/mL durante 5 días. Se seleccionó la condición donde el diámetro va de 80 a 150 μM para realizar ensayos a 3, 7, 14 y 21 días. La viabilidad celular de los osteoesferoides se cuantificó mediante exclusión con azul tripano y se realizaron ensayos clonogénicos para determinar el efecto del medio mineralizante en la formación de estas estructuras. La integridad de los osteoesferoides se observó por H&E y la formación de nódulos mineralizados fue detectada mediante tinción con alizarina roja. Los resultados muestran osteoesferoides regulares sin coagregados a una concentración de 5 x 102 células /mL y viables por arriba del 70% a los 7 días de formación. Los ensayos clonogénicos no muestran diferencias significativas en morfología ni el número de colonias entre el control y el medio para inducir mineralización. Las tinciones con H&E dejan ver núcleos y citoplasma definido a los 3, 7 y 14 días, y a los 7 y 14 días la tinción con alizarina roja sugiere que están formando deposiciones de calcio.
Microplásticos y nanoplásticos: una amenaza para la salud humana y el medio ambiente
Authors: Ruíz-Santoyo Victor , Cruz-Mérida Jorge Alejandro , García Carvajal Sarahí , Arenas Arrocena Ma. Concepción
Published: September 2024

Los microplásticos y nanoplásticos representan una amenaza para la salud humana y el medio ambiente. Estos fragmentos a escala nanométrica y micrométrica provienen de diversas fuentes de generación, todas ellas resultado de actividades humanas y productos fabricados por el hombre. Las repercusiones para la salud humana y el medio ambiente son preocupantes y debido a su naturaleza química, estos presentan desafíos significativos para su detección y eliminación debido a poder actuar como vectores para la transferencia de contaminantes químicos y biológicos. En cuanto a los métodos de identificación y eliminación, actualmente se exploran enfoques físicos, químicos y biotecnológicos. Sin embargo, aún se necesita investigar a profundidad, para mejorar la eficacia y la viabilidad de estas técnicas en la escala necesaria para abordar el problema. La gestión de los microplásticos y nanoplásticos representa un desafío multifacético, el cual requiere una acción coordinada para mitigar sus impactos negativos. En la presente revisión se aborda el daño potencial causado por los micro y nanoplásticos a la salud humana y al equilibrio medioambiental, las fuentes de generación, los métodos fisicoquímicos para su identificación y las posibles rutas de eliminación.
FORMULASI GLUTEN FREE COOKIES DARI TEPUNG PISANG KEPOK, TEPUNG KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca) (Blanching dan Non-Blanching) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG KACANG ALMOND (Prunus dulcis)
Authors: Samsoedin Fadhila Marwa , Saati Elfi Anis , Anggriani Rista
Published: September 2024

Pangan bebas gluten disasarkan kepada penyandang intolerant gluten harus mempertimbangkan bahan pangan yang digunakan. Pemanfaatan produk lokal seperti tepung pisang kepok, tepung kulit pisang dan tepung almond yang termasuk tepung gluten free. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan tepung-tepungan perlu dilakukan agar bermanfaat bagi manusia sebagai bahan pangan campuran atau substitusi pada makanan salah satunya pembuatan cookies. 6
Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Sederhana. Terdapat 9 taraf perlakuan serta terdiri dari tiga ulangan. Parameter pengamatan meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, kadar protein, karbohidrat, serat kasar uji hedonik organoleptik dan perlakuan terbaik. Setiap data yang diperoleh serta diolah menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) pada α = 5%. Apabila berpengaruh nyata maka data yang diperoleh dilanjutkan dengan uji pembeda menggunakan uji DMRT (Duncan Multiplerange Test).
     Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat tepung pisang kepok, tepung kulit pisang kepok dan tepung almond berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar protein, karbohidrat, serat kasar, tekstur, warna (kenampakan), aroma, rasa dan kesukaan. Berdasarkan penilaian perlakuan terbaik dengan nilai organoleptik yang disukai didapatkan pada formulasi F4 dengan perbandingan 60% Tepung Pisang Kepok:30% Tepung Kulit Pisang Kepok:10% Tepung Almond. Sedangkan untuk produk terbaik dengan nilai serat kasar tertinggi pada formulasi F8 (60% Tepung Pisang Kepok:30%Tepung Kulit Pisang (Blanching):10% Tepung Almond )
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA PADA PRODUK MAKANAN RINGAN OAT COOKIES “OKUKKI”
Authors: Rahmadani Yesika , Saati Elfi Anis , Anggriani Rista
Published: September 2024

Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman seperti di era modern saat ini mulai banyak dikembangkan berbagai macam produk pangan dengan membuat modifikasi terbaru agar dapat disesuaikan dengan pola konsumsi masyarakat. Aktivitas yang cukup padat membuat masyarakat cenderung mengonsumsi makanan yang praktis dan instan. Salah satu contoh produk pangan yang mulai dikembangkan dan dimodifikasi yaitu produk cookies. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis kelayakan usaha Oat Cookies “OKUKKI” meliputi Break Even Point (BEP), Revenue/Cost (R/C), Return of Investment (ROI), Payback Period (PP). Hasil analisis bisnis Oat Cookies “OKUKKI” layak untuk dikembangkan karena R/C > 1 yaitu 1,28 maka usaha yang dijalankan mengalami keuntungan. Break Even Point  (BEP) titik impas ketika dapat menjual sebanyak 85 unit/bulan dengan harga sebesar Rp.12.000/porsi menghasilkan omset sebesar Rp.698.129/bulan.  Return On Investment (ROI) sebesar 28,5% keuntungan dari besarnya modal yang dikeluarkan selama 1 tahun. Payback Periode (PP) jangka waktu pengembalian modal usaha Oat Cookies “OKUKKI” yaitu kurang dari 1 tahun, yakni 3 sampai 4 bulan.
Pengaruh Proporsi Angkak (Red Mold Rice) Terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Sosis Ikan Nila
Authors: Qois Jihan Lisa Puspitasari , Sukardi Sukardi , Anggriani Rista
Published: September 2024

The boiling process causes the color of the meat in the sausage to fade, so efforts are needed to improve the color of tilapia sausage using natural dyes that are safe for consumption. The addition of angkak was chosen for food coloring so that it can affect the level of consumer acceptance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of angkak proportion on the physicochemical characteristics and organoleptic score of tilapia sausage produced. The treatment added is the proportion of angkak which consists of 6 concentrations, namely 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5% (% calculated from the total weight of tilapia and tapioca flour). The test parameters were water content, fat content, protein content, antioxidant activity, color intensity, hardness, and organoleptic test of taste, aroma, color, and texture. The best treatment was tilapia sausage with the addition of 1.5% angkak proportion (A3) with an average moisture content of 61.85%; protein 15.87%; fat 15.35%; antioxidant activity 40.49%; texture hardness 31.59 N; color intensity: brightness (L) 44.85; redness (a) 23.37; yellowness (b) 13.05; organoleptic: color 4.23 (red); taste 3.86 (moderately savory); aroma 2.63 (not fishy); texture 4.43 (chewy).
Keywords: tilapia sausage, angkak
Kajian Subtitusi Tepung Porang (Amorphophallus Muelleri) Pada Tepung Terigu Terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Dan Organoleptik Soft Cookies
Authors: Wulandari Tanasya Mey , Damat Damat , Wahyudi Vritta Amroini
Published: September 2024

This research examines the "Study of Porang (Amorphophallus Muelleri) Flour Substitution in Wheat Flour on the Physicochemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Soft Cookies". The first step in this research is the process of making soft cookies from the substitution of porang flour with wheat flour. Second, physicochemical and organoleptic analysis of soft cookies was conducted. This research was conducted using a simple Randomized Group Design (RAK) method. There were 6 treatments, namely P0 = 100% wheat flour: 0% porang flour, P2 = 90% wheat flour: 10% porang flour, P3 = 80% wheat flour: 20% porang flour, P4 = 70% wheat flour: 30% porang flour, P5 = 60% wheat flour: 40% porang flour, P6 = 50% wheat flour: 50% porang flour. There are 2 parameters tested, namely, porang flour and soft cookie products. The results showed that the ratio of porang flour addition significantly affected the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of soft cookies. The best soft cookies were obtained from treatment P2 (80% wheat flour: 20% porang flour). The test parameter values of P2 treatment are as follows: moisture content of 9.64%, fat content of 22.18%, fiber content of 1.09%, calcium oxalate content of 2.27%, texture of 44.14 N, brightness (L) of 44.32 and organoleptic scores on color parameters obtained value 4 (quite dark), aroma obtained value 3 (quite fragrant), taste obtained value 3 (good), texture obtained value 3 (soft), and liking obtained value 3 (like).