bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraskeletal Cartilaginous, Osseous, and Chordoid Tumors in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Cates Justin M. M. , Coffin Cheryl M.
Published: March 2012

Extraskeletal cartilaginous, osseous, and chordoid tumors are extraordinarily rare in children and adolescents. These lesions are diagnostically challenging due to their rarity and their overlap with metastatic osteosarcoma, reactive or metabolic calcifying and bone-forming masses, various pseudosarcomatous proliferations such as myositis ossificans, and other rare genetic or metabolic disorders. This article reviews the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of extraskeletal cartilaginous, osseous, and chordoid neoplasms in the first two decades of life and highlights the use of diagnostic adjuncts.
Vascular and Perivascular Lesions of Skin and Soft Tissues in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Bruder Elisabeth , Alaggio Rita , Kozakewich Harry P. W. , Jundt Gernot , Dehner Louis P. , Coffin Cheryl M.
Published: March 2012

Vascular anomalies in children and adolescents are the most common soft tissue lesions and include reactive, malformative, and neoplastic tumefactions, with a full spectrum of benign, intermediate, and malignant neoplasms. These lesions are diagnostically challenging because of morphologic complexity and recent changes in classification systems, some of which are based on clinical features and others on pathologic findings. In recent decades, there have been significant advances in clinical diagnosis, development of new therapies, and a better understanding of the genetic aspects of vascular biology and syndromes that include unusual vascular proliferations. Most vascular lesions in children and adolescents are benign, although the intermediate locally aggressive and intermediate rarely metastasizing neoplasms are important to distinguish from benign and malignant mimics. Morphologic recognition of a vasoproliferative lesion is straightforward in most instances, and conventional morphology remains the cornerstone for a specific diagnosis. However, pathologic examination is enhanced by adjunctive techniques, especially immunohistochemistry to characterize the type of vessels involved. Multifocality may cause some uncertainty regarding the assignment of “benign” or “malignant.” However, increased interest in vascular anomalies, clinical expertise, and imaging technology have contributed greatly to our understanding of these disorders to the extent that in most vascular malformations and in many tumors, a diagnosis is made clinically and biopsy is not required for diagnosis. The importance of close collaboration between the clinical team and the pathologist cannot be overemphasized. For some lesions, a diagnosis is not possible from evaluation of histopathology alone, and in a subset of these, a specific diagnosis may not be possible even after all assembled data have been reviewed. In such instances, a consensus diagnosis in conjunction with clinical colleagues guides therapy. The purpose of this review is to delineate the clinicopathologic features of vascular lesions in children and adolescents with an emphasis on their unique aspects, use of diagnostic adjuncts, and differential diagnosis.
Opening the Phosphoric “Envelope”: Scientific Appraisal, Domestic Spectacle, and (Un)“Reasonable Creatures” in Edgeworth's Belinda
Authors: Wright Nicole M.
Published: March 2012

Maria Edgeworth's novel Belinda (1801) has received increasing attention in recent years from scholars interested in the author's pedagogical methods (introduced by Edgeworth and her father Richard Lovell Edgeworth in the treatise Practical Education [1798]). Yet there has been little sustained critical assessment of the novel's scenes of empirical inquiry, specifically the two phosphoric spectacles, or attention to how these scenes reflect late-Enlightenment debates and Edgeworth's call for a significant revamping of the period's didactic scientific literature. Far from disavowing the value of all emotional response in favour of a frigid adherence to empirical inquiry, Edgeworth's characters show that empiricism can bolster domestic harmony and strengthen emotional bonds within the household. Edgeworth responds to contemporary debates regarding the use of spectacle in teaching science, suggesting that proper scientific education liberates those benighted by superstition and societal prejudices. The scientific method's appeal lies in its transformative effect on the novel's characters, as it generates a shared empirically grounded discourse, fostering communication between characters differing in race, social rank, education, or age.
Electrical Circuit Flashover Model of Polluted Insulators under AC Voltage Based on the Arc Root Voltage Gradient Criterion
Authors: Yang Qing , Wang Rui , Sima Wenxia , Jiang Chilong , Lan Xing , Zahn Markus
Published: March 2012

In order to study the flashover mechanism of polluted insulators under AC voltage, a new arc propagation criterion which is based on an arc root voltage gradient is proposed. This criterion can explain the variation of the arc root voltage gradient in the arc propagation process. Based on this criterion, a new distributed parameter electrical circuit flashover model of polluted insulators is presented. The arc channel is considered as an equivalent distributed parameter circuit model instead of using the arc voltage-gradient equation. The parameters of the arc model are obtained from the electromagnetic field distribution of the arc and the gas discharge theories. The arc root is considered as parallel paths including the polluted layer. The variation of the voltage on the arc root is related to the capability of arc propagation. This model takes the microscopic mechanism of arc root ionization into consideration, which can improve the accuracy of the flashover model. The results obtained from the presented model are in good agreement with other mathematical and experimental results.
Synthesis of Azanucleosides through Regioselective Ring-Opening of Epoxides Catalyzed by Sulphated Zirconia under Microwave and Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Hernández-Reyes Celia Xochitl , Angeles-Beltrán Deyanira , Lomas-Romero Leticia , González-Zamora Eduardo , Gaviño Rubén , Cárdenas Jorge , Morales-Serna José Antonio , Negrón-Silva Guillermo E.
Published: March 2012

New azanucleosides were obtained using sulphated zirconia (ZS) as catalyst in the nucleophilic oxirane ring opening reaction of 1-allyl-3-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl) pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione and 1-allyl-5-methyl-3-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, with (S)-prolinol. The new templates were obtained with good yields following a route which exploits the reactivity of epoxides in the presence of sulphated zirconia as catalyst. The key step was carried out using microwave and solvent-free conditions and proceeds with high selectivity.
Vitamin D Signaling in the Bovine Immune System: A Model for Understanding Human Vitamin D Requirements
Authors: Nelson Corwin D. , Reinhardt Timothy A. , Lippolis John D. , Sacco Randy E. , Nonnecke Brian J.
Published: March 2012

The endocrine physiology of vitamin D in cattle has been rigorously investigated and has yielded information on vitamin D requirements, endocrine function in health and disease, general metabolism, and maintenance of calcium homeostasis in cattle. These results are relevant to human vitamin D endocrinology. The current debate regarding vitamin D requirements is centered on the requirements for proper intracrine and paracrine vitamin D signaling. Studies in adult and young cattle can provide valuable insight for understanding vitamin D requirements as they relate to innate and adaptive immune responses during infectious disease. In cattle, toll-like receptor recognition activates intracrine and paracrine vitamin D signaling mechanism in the immune system that regulates innate and adaptive immune responses in the presence of adequate 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Furthermore, experiments with mastitis in dairy cattle have provided in vivo evidence for the intracrine vitamin D signaling mechanism in macrophages as well as vitamin D mediated suppression of infection. Epidemiological evidence indicates that circulating concentrations above 32 ng/mL of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are necessary for optimal vitamin D signaling in the immune system, but experimental evidence is lacking for that value. Experiments in cattle can provide that evidence as circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations can be experimentally manipulated within ranges that are normal for humans and cattle. Additionally, young and adult cattle can be experimentally infected with bacteria and viruses associated with significant diseases in both cattle and humans. Utilizing the bovine model to further delineate the immunomodulatory role of vitamin D will provide potentially valuable insights into the vitamin D requirements of both humans and cattle, especially as they relate to immune response capacity and infectious disease resistance.
Innate Immunity Evasion by Dengue Virus
Authors: Morrison Juliet , Aguirre Sebastian , Fernandez-Sesma Ana
Published: March 2012

For viruses to productively infect their hosts, they must evade or inhibit important elements of the innate immune system, namely the type I interferon (IFN) response, which negatively influences the subsequent development of antigen-specific adaptive immunity against those viruses. Dengue virus (DENV) can inhibit both type I IFN production and signaling in susceptible human cells, including dendritic cells (DCs). The NS2B3 protease complex of DENV functions as an antagonist of type I IFN production, and its proteolytic activity is necessary for this function. DENV also encodes proteins that antagonize type I IFN signaling, including NS2A, NS4A, NS4B and NS5 by targeting different components of this signaling pathway, such as STATs. Importantly, the ability of the NS5 protein to bind and degrade STAT2 contributes to the limited host tropism of DENV to humans and non-human primates. In this review, we will evaluate the contribution of innate immunity evasion by DENV to the pathogenesis and host tropism of this virus.
Toward an ecology of vidding
Authors: Turk Tisha , Johnson Joshua
Published: March 2012

Despite the fan studies emphasis on participatory culture, much of the current work on vids (and in fan studies broadly) treats fans more as readers than as producers. To help us examine the relationships between fannish reading practices and fannish creative processes, we turn to composition studies and Marilyn Cooper's concept of an ecology of writing. We argue for an ecological model of vidding, an approach that enables us to explore the collaborative nature of vidding without erasing individual authorship; to investigate the relationships not only between vids and media texts but also between vidders and their audiences; and to treat fan conversations both as responses to mass media and as sites for the generation and circulation of interpretive conventions that guide both the creation and reception of vids.
Desiree D'Alessandro and Diran Lyons bear arms: Weapons of mass transformation
Authors: D'Alessandro Desiree , Lyons Diran
Published: March 2012

Interview with Diran Lyons, conducted by Desiree D'Alessandro.
Queer video remix and LGBTQ online communities
Authors: Kreisinger Elisa
Published: March 2012

A curated selection of remix videos that edit pop culture texts and recut them into new works that explore themes of gender and sexual representation, or create new LGBTQ narratives from the original source material.
Documenting the vidders: A conversation with Bradcpu
Authors: Counteragent .
Published: March 2012

Interview with Bradcpu, conducted by Counteragent.
Fan/remix video (a remix)
Authors: Russo Julie Levin , Coppa Francesca
Published: March 2012

Editorial for TWC No. 9 (September 15, 2012).
Experimental Investigation of Influencing Factors of Surface Roughness Engraved by CNC Engraving Machine
Authors: Mu Cun Yuan , Lv Ming , Ge Zhen
Published: March 2012

Takes aluminum alloy ZL301 as an example, gets different surface roughness and cutting time under different cutter rotate speed and different overlapping rate with CNC engraving technique and analyses the reasons. The result is that the more of overlapping rate, the more cutting time, and the less of the surface roughness. While the overlapping rate≥50%, the roughness Ra≤6.3μm, while the overlapping rate≥70%, the cutting time increasing obviously. Consider the efficiency and the surface roughness, the best overlapping rate is from 50%～70%. The more of cutter rotate speed, the less of the surface roughness. While the overlapping rate≤70%, the cutter rotate speed almost no influence to the cutting time.
A Novel Structure Design Method Based on Knowledge Template
Authors: Jiang Rui Song , Chen Xin Fa , Feng Da Yong , Wang Feng Jun
Published: March 2012

In this study, a novel structure design method based on knowledge template was prompted. The notion and construction methods of knowledge template were introduced. Moreover, the knowledge template based design process was represented. The knowledge templates of investment casting die bases of turbine blade were established and a design system for die base was developed. The system provides designers with a semi-automated approach for the die base design. Finally, several sample applications for investment casting die base of turbine blade were presented for demonstration.
Preparation and Solid Particle Erosion Behaviors of Plasma-Sprayed and Laser-Remelted ZrO2-7wt.%Y2O3 Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Wang Dong Sheng , Tian Zong Jun , Yang Bin , Shen Li Da
Published: March 2012

In this study, ZrO2-7wt.%Y2O3 thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were prepared on TiAl base intermetallic alloy substrates by plasma spraying process. After that, the plasma-sprayed TBCs were laser remelted using a CO2 laser. Influences of laser remelting on the microstructure and solid particle erosion characterization of the coatings were researched. Meanwhile, the erosion damage modes of the two types of TBCs were discussed. The results show that the as-sprayed TBC has a typical lamellar stacking characteristic. The lamellar defect of the plasma-sprayed coating is erased, and the compactness of the coating is improved significantly after laser remelting. The laser-remelted coating consists of column-like crystals along the direction of the heat current. The laser-remelted coating had better erosion resistance than the as-sprayed coating. Owing to the limited bonding at the interfaces between lamellar, the spalling of the sprayed splats from the lamellar interface is mainly attributed to the erosion failure of the as-sprayed coating. In addition, crushing of brittle ceramic coating is also responsible for the erosion damage of the plasma-sprayed TBC. In contrast, cracking occurs within region near the surface of the laser-remelted layer and that erosion occurs mainly by removal of these small blocks. Moreover, the laser-remelted has evident mciro-cutting marks and shows some ductile erosion characteristic.
Research and Evaluation on the Machining Properties of Magnoliaceae glanca Blume
Authors: Su Chu Wang , Huang Jing Da , Ren Yi , Chen Hong , Zeng Fan Hua
Published: March 2012

In this paper, the machining properties (including planning, sanding, drilling, shaping, mortising and crosscutting) of Magnoliaceae glanca Blume, compared with Castanopsis hystrix, were tested. Their properties were conducted according to the criteria ASTM D1666-87 and the test on crosscutting was referred to the method established by New Zealand Forest Research Institute. The results show as follow: The machining properties of Magnoliaceae glanca Blume and Castanopsis hystrix in the planning, sanding, boring, shaping and crosscutting all show excellent, but the mortising property, a bit poor, shows good. The comprehensive properties of Magnoliaceae glanca Blume are better than Castanopsis hystrix.
A Review on Fuzzy Control Charts for Monitoring Attribute Data
Authors: Zabihinpour Jahromi Seyed Mojtaba , Saghaei Abbas , Mohd Ariffin Mohd Khairol Anuvar
Published: March 2012

Up to now, several methods have been proposed for monitoring processes with attribute data. These methods can be categorized into two major group; statistical methods and fuzzy methods. In this paper current fuzzy methods are introduced and the performance of fuzzy methods and statistical methods are compared together based on the Average Run Length (ARL). The comparison shows that the statistical method has the best performance. We show the necessity of using fuzzy method in case of attribute data. Then the critiques towards fuzzy methods are reviewed which show the usage of fuzzy set theory in these methods have some restriction. As a result we indicate a study gap about the usage of fuzzy set theory for monitoring processes with attribute data and at the end some guideline for the next study are proposed.
Research on the Mechanism and Developing Tendency of CNC Ultrasonic Machining
Authors: Luo Hong Qi , Xia Tian Yu , Zhang Yu Jie
Published: March 2012

CNC ultrasonic machining is an effective method to machine hard and fragile materials. It can realize producing complicate-shaped parts with simple tools. Mechanism of CNC ultrasonic machining was presented. The main components of CNC ultrasonic machine tool were analyzed, including the principle of the ultrasonic generator, selecting suited transducer, designing appropriate horn and impedance matching of tools. Finally, developing tendency of the CNC ultrasonic machining was discussed.
Research on the Twist of Z-Section Steel in Cold Roll Forming
Authors: Yu Shi Jian , Liu Yu , Shi Zhi Yun
Published: March 2012

During the cold rolling forming of non-symmetric Z-section steel, the twist will appear because two sides of the blank suffering bending moments of the same direction. In this paper, simplified FE model was used to simulate the closing process of the rolls. The contact forces of the rollers on blank, and the stress and strain of the blank was obtained by FE analysis, and relations between section torque and the position angle θ as studied and the result that when θ=100 the torque is minimum was discovered. The further detailed calculations showed that angle θ was only correlative with the geometry of the product section and didn’t change with the altering of material properties.
Simulation of Compound Cold Extrusion Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alumium Alloys
Authors: Zhou Zhi Ming , Huang Wei Jiu , Zhao Zhen , Lei Bin Bin , Liu Chun , Cao Min Min
Published: March 2012

Al-Zn-Mg-Cu super-high strength aluminum alloy is widely used in the aerospace and automotive industry. However, the extrudability of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy is relatively poor compared with other series of aluminum alloys. The simulation of compound cold extrusion process of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy was studied for the production of a double-cup workpiece with a deep wobbler hole in this paper. The effective strain and stress distribution of the alloy during cold extrusion were studied by Deform-3D simulation. The results show that the maximum stress was concentrated at the bottom of the deep hole. Cracks were easily to be occured near the bottom of deep-hole. Based on the experimental results, the processing route of the two steps with compound cold extrusion is more suitable than one cold extrusion for the production.
Soft Abrasive Flow Machining
Authors: Ma Bao Li , Ji Shi Ming , Tan Da Peng
Published: March 2012

Soft Abrasive Flow Machining (SAFM) was presented as a new finishing process about the existing problems that the irregular surface of plastic mould was polishing difficultly. The paper first introduced the working principle and feature of SAMF. Secondly, the main influences of SAFM were analyzed. The problem of technology and theory urgent to settle was discussed. At the last, the technology development of SAFM was expected.
Study on Heparin-Like Surface Based on Nanofibrous Membrane of Cellulose Acetate and its Blood Compatibility
Authors: Lan Ping , Wang Wei , Cao Jian Da
Published: March 2012

Heparin-like anticoagulant materials have been intensively studied over the past several years, many of effective works focus on the preparation of homogeneous sulfonated polymer and further anticoagulation and filtration properties.1 Due to high water-soluble properties of homogeneous materials, its applied scope is limited. In this study, nanofibrous membrane of cellulose acetate is chosen. By controlling degree of hydrolysis on the membrane surface and its further surface sulfonation, heparin-like surface has been built on cellulose derivative membranes where there are plenty of sulfonic acid group. In this paper, some testing means such as surface contact angle, ATR-FTIR, XPS and platelet adhesion are used to characterize membrane properties. The results show that our research approach is feasible, effects of hydrolysis and sulfonation are obvious on cellulose acetate membranes. In the meantime, the surface hydrophilicity of membrane is increased significantly; In addition, patelet adhesion experiments show that platelets adsorption decrease obviously after heparin-like treatment on the cellulose acetate membrane, showing an excellent anticoagulant activity.
Study on Hot Deformation Behavior of 97# High Strength Rod
Authors: Li Hong Bin , Fang Fang
Published: March 2012

the hot deformation behaviors of 97# High Strength Rod was investigated through double-hit compression experiments using Gleeble 3500 thermal-mechanical similar within the temperature range of 850~1100°C, the strain rate of 5 s-1 and the interval range of 1-100s, the softening fractiong at different pass interval and deforming temperature was determined and analyzed. The results show that when pass intervals is the same, as deformation temperature increase, the volume fraction of static recrystallization of 97# High Strength Rod increases and the recrystallization process is enchanced. Activation energy of austenite static recrystallization of 97# High Strength Rod is 100.476 kJ/mol. The kinetic equation of static recrystallization of 97# High Strength Rod by avrami equation wan obtained.
Study on the Application of Gyroscope Free Strapdown Inertial Navigation Measurement Unit to Trajectory Correction Projectile
Authors: Yue Ming Kai , Deng Jia Hao
Published: March 2012

Aiming at the movement characteristics of trajectory correction projectile, the characteristics, installation configuration and error processing algorithm of gyroscope free strapdown equipment were analyzed for gyroscope free strapdown inertial navigation measurement unit(GFSINMU) by utilizing “current” statistical model combined with the outliers processing method. The results showed that the cumulative errors of GFSINMU can be decreased in a certain range by selecting the installation method of accelerometer and utilizing reasonable error analysis method. Thereby, the measurement accuracy of adjusting GFSINMU can be increased, which can adapt to inertial navigation calculation of high dynamic command correction projectile.
Tensile Properties Determination of Plastic Materials with Different Regranulate Content
Authors: Rimár Miroslav , Olejar Tomas , Mičko Milan
Published: March 2012

The paper deals with the regranulate impact on the mechanical properties of fundamental material. It focuses on the mechanical properties analysis of materials with different regranulate content. To determine the mechanical properties we chose the tension test, which is one of primary mechanical properties tests.
Tensile Properties of Low Nickel Austenitic Stainless Steel at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Liu Shu Min , Zhang Jian Bin
Published: March 2012

The elevated temperature short-time tensile test with the sample of casting low nickel stainless steel was conducted on SHIMADZU AG-10 at ten temperatures 300, 500, 600, 700, 800, 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, and 1250°C, respectively. The stress-strain curves with the thermal deformation at the different temperatures, the peak stress intensity-temperature curve, and the reduction percentage of cross sectional area-temperature curve were obtained. Metallographic test samples were prepared and the morphology of deforming zone was observed by optical microscopy. The experimental results show that the tensile strength of the test samples decreases with increasing temperature. From 300 to 800°C, the work harding occurred and the tensile strength increases with increasing strain. The work softening occurred and the tensile strength decreases with increasing strain at temperatures of 800 to 1250°C. The minimum value of reduction percentage was measured at 800 °C. The austenite and delta-ferrite are the main phase in the tested samples. When the tensile temperatures are increased to 1200°C, the delta-ferrite became thinner and broke down to be spheroidized.
A Study on the Mechanical Properties of Polymer-Ceramic Composite Using Injection Moulding
Authors: Sa'ude Nasuha , Ibrahim Mustaffa , Raman Ibrahim
Published: March 2012

This paper presents the development of a new polymer-ceramic composite material for use in injection molding machine. The material consists of palm oil fly ash (POFA) in a high density polyethylene (HDPE) powder. In this study, the effect of POFA was investigated as a filler material in polymer-ceramic matrix composite and HDPE was chosen as a matrix material. The detailed formulations of mixing ratio with various combinations of the new polymer-ceramic composite are investigated experimentally. Based on the result obtained, it was found that, the weight percentage increment of POFA filler affected the flexural and hardness strength. This work represents a major development in recycling of waste material from palm oil empty fruit bunch out of the refinery to produce polymer/ceramic matrix composite.
The Experiments and Simulation of Titanium Cutting Based on AdvantEdge Software
Authors: Zhao Can , Guan Yun Fei
Published: March 2012

This paper do an experiment about titanium cutting with nine different parameters to analysis the effect of the tools to the cutting processing. We use the AdvantEdge to simulate cutting processing before the experiment. After the simulation, we can get the cutting force of each tool parameters. Then we do the experiment in the machine. During the experiment, we collected the cutting force, observing the tool condition. The result, show how the tool parameters effect the cutting force.
The Semi-Active Optimal Control Method of Aircraft Landing Gear
Authors: Wang Jian Feng , Zhang Xian Yu , Wang Hong Wei
Published: March 2012

When designing a landing gear damper, it is well-known that damper characteristics required for good handling are not the same as those required for good ride comfort. Semi-active control landing gear damper, as their name implies, fill the gap between purely passive damper and fully active control Langing gear-control systems and offer the reliability of passive systems, yet maintain the versatility and adaptability of fully active devices. During recent years there has been considerable interest towards theoretical study and practical practical implementation of this semi-active control landing gear damper for their low energy requirement and cost. For this reason, The basic theoretical for semi-active landing gear damper design and implementation has been briefly reviewed, mathematical model of semi-active control landing gear is established . A state feedback semi-active controller is designed. At last, the passive control landing gear model and semi -active control landing gear model are simulated. Simulation result shows that the vibration of passive control landing gear is vehement, and the system stable time is long.But in the simi-active control landing gear system the impact load and vibraton can be reduced, the aircraft can reach the stability state in a few seconds. Using linear quadratic optimal control effect is good.
Usability Evaluation of Welding Clamp Based on Improved Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Model
Authors: Li Ji Yan , Yang Zhi Bing
Published: March 2012

Usability is the basic properties of the product, and it is the overall evaluation to the product usability. In this paper, firstly, establish a usability evaluation index system of the welding clamp. Then, use the improved fuzzy synthetic evaluation method to assess the usability of welding clamp. In an improved fuzzy synthetic evaluation model, the index weight which is identified by using AHP method is amended objectively by using entropy technology, the resolution ratio is improved by classifying the differences between qualitative indexes and quantitative indexes. Finally, get the evaluation results of the usability of a welding clamp according to the method above.
CuO Microspheres Synthesized via the Easy Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Fu Xiao Ming
Published: March 2012

CuO microspheres are successfully synthesized with CuCl2 as copper source and Na2CO3 as auxiliary salt at 240 °C for 24 h via the easy hydrothermal method. The phase and the morphologies of the samples have been characterized and analyzed by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (Scanning electron microscope), respectively. XRD analysis shows that the phase of as obtained samples is CuO. SEM analysis confirms that the increase of the reaction time, the reaction temperature and the auxiliary salt is propitious to synthesize CuO microspheres.
Customers Involved Digital NPD Method Based on Integrated CAX Technology
Authors: Lin Li , Guo Gang , Ran Xian Sheng , Luo Tian Hong
Published: March 2012

A customer involved digital NPD method is addressed. This study extends new product development (NPD) to a new field; Customer Involved Digital New Product Development Method addressed in this paper is based on integrated application of customer interaction, customer needs elicitation, CAD, CAM, CAE technology. It makes RD process more quickly and more effectively compared with the traditional NPD method. This study finds that the more effort on pre-NDP process, the less likely it might encounter risk of failure. Thus, a better NPD performance can be achieved by customer involved digital NPD method (CIDNPD). A case study of scooter NDP is used to illustrate the new method. We believe that the proposed methodology will have a positive impact on the future new product development.
Discussion on the Relation between the Adhesive Force of Drosophila Melanogaster and the Surface Roughness of the Substrate
Authors: Cui Rui Guo , Yu Wei Dong
Published: March 2012

Three forms of animals’ adhesion were analyzed: hairy adhesive pads, smooth adhesive pads and claw. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the surface of friction plate with different particle diameters. It’s found that the particle could be seen as conical shape. The self-designed lever-like testing equipment was also used to measure the adhesive force of drosophila melanogaster contacting 6 substrates with different roughness. It was shown that adhesive force decreased first and finally rose with the increase of surface roughness. When the roughness (R value) was about 68.5nm, it showed that the lowest adhesive force was 0.0085mN. Then model of the Van der Waals force was established. In this model, contact form between seta and the substrate was divided into five states, and the theoretical adhesive force at each state was calculated, which successfully simulated with the actual value. However, when surface roughness reached the situation that the gap between adjacent particles was greater than 2μm, the gripping function of the claw made the actual value greater than theoretical one. It was concluded that adhesive force was a compound function of the Van der Waals force generated by hairy adhesive force and the gripping force generated by claw. So it was also speculated that the fibrous fine pads of insects were the basic form adhesion on smooth surface of the substrate.
Control Algorithm Research of Electric Actuator Based on Switched Reluctance Motor
Authors: Gao Jie , Sun He Xu , Gao Bing , He Lin
Published: March 2012

This paper proposed flexible torque control with the current oriented in core, and high performance dynamic positioning technology of electric actuator based on Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) was achieved. Meanwhile the system structure of intelligent electric actuator was introduced, in which SRM is the implementation component. From the perspective of software, the current directional control, flexible starting and braking, and high-frequency algorithmic process were elaborated. Moreover taking over torque protection as illustration, the fault diagnosis algorithm was analyzed. The test data and waveform showed that all kinds of electric actuator performance have reached international advanced level.
A Simplified Method for Calculating Ultimate Strength of Pressure Hull in Deep-Sea Manned Submersible
Authors: Yuan Li Hao , Xiong Zhi Xin , Song Lei , Dong Zhi Hui
Published: March 2012

Based on the strain energy density theory, the connotation of tangent modulus theory is developed. At critical equilibrium state, a dimensionless number Φt of a structure under pressure is introduced in this paper. Derived from the stress-strain curve of material, a four-parameter formula that contains Φt is established. This formula is referred to as the function of strength utilization ratio that may be used for calculating the inelastic buckling of deep submersible pressure hull.Φt can be used to express the effect of initial imperfection of the shell and to guide the experimental study. Compared with the data from some experiments or other methods, it has demonstrated that the method given by this paper is more precise and convenient for predicting the failure of thin and moderately thick shell under pressure.
Band Gaps of Lamb Waves Propagating in One-Dimensional Different Quasi-Periodic Composite Thin Plates
Authors: Gao Jian , Zhao Min , Xie Ya Zhuo , Zhang Xing Gan
Published: March 2012

We present a comparative study on band-gap structures of Lamb waves propagating in one-dimensional quasi-periodic composite thin plates, which are composed of different quasi-periodic models such as Cantor, Fibonacci, Thue-Morse, and Double periodic sequences, respectively. The transmitted power spectra (TPS) of the transient Lamb waves propagating in composite plates is calculated numerically by employing the finite element method. By comparing among TPS in different plates with the different ratios of the plate thickness to the lattice spacing, it is found that different quasi-periodic models present different behavior of the split-up of band gaps. Our works are significant not only for understanding intrinsic physical property of the quasi-periodic sequences, but also for designing the special structures of quasi-periodic arrays to adjust the width of band gaps and the frequency ranges of phononic crystals in applications.
Research of Robot of Obstacle Avoidance and Navigation
Authors: Lai Xiao Chen , Lu Si Min , Chen Xi , Qiu Pei Feng , Li Li Kun
Published: March 2012

Based on algorithms of artificial potential field and inertial navigation positioning, the design and implementation of robot is introduced with the features of obstacle avoidance and navigation automatically. Experiments show that the robot can navigate to destination effectively without any collision.
Research on Life Cycle Engineering Based on the Onstraint-Satisfaction Method
Authors: Zhou De Qiang
Published: March 2012

When researching on a global feasible products solutions, we need to consider the product of manipulation, practical, environmental protection, social demanding performances and so on. The several life cycles of a product determines and implements these performances.And the several cycles are mutual correlation, mutual restrict.Every link is crucial, so we must coordinate the relationship among them. The purpose of this paper is to simulate and solve the problem of life cycle by using different, restrictive,and satisfactory method.
Rolling Disk Model and its Application to Tool Path and Envelope Generation for Profile Machining
Authors: Rao You Fu , Zheng Guo Lei , Du Bao Rui , Chu Hong Zhen
Published: March 2012

Tool cutting envelope (TCE) and tool path (TP) for planar profile machining are calculated at the same time in the presented work, using a novel motion method called Rolling Disk Motion (RDM) method. RDM method employs a rolling disk (RD) as the manufacturing tool, and considers the disk running around profile boundaries as cutting process. During this RD motion, RD center locus is just TP for profile or contour-parallel manufacturing strategy. Also, the track of point on RD contracting with the profile is just TCE. Furthermore, the RDM technique can find a further application in the study for uncut areas in machining domains. As well, the calculation of TCE, TP and uncut areas, based on RDM, are finished only by simple point transformations and arcs creation. Finally, an example is included to illustrate TCE and TP computation by means of RDM, and the result shows that the approach is implemented and tested successfully on real-world data.
A New Delay-Based Congestion Control for Ad-Hoc Wireless Network
Authors: Yuan Cao , Li Ya Qin
Published: March 2012

The traditional congestion control mechanism of transport control protocol (TCP) has been proved cannot satisfy the wireless scenario. The extensive research has been done to understand the drawback of TCP in wireless networks. In this paper, we proposed a new congestion control algorithms for mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) at the TCP sender side which efficiently adapts to the maximum transmission rate of a mobile wireless link, the new algorithms follow the idea of FAST TCP which uses delay as congestion measure. However, FAST TCP has limitations when used over a dynamic mobile wireless link with a high frame error ratio (FER) and frequent delay changes due to the variable rate. The new algorithms overcome this shortcoming by improving the congestion signal choice. By using analysis, we proved that the new congestion control mechanism provides superior performance over mobile wireless network environments.
A Novel Approach of Multiscale Feature Extraction for Gearbox Condition Monitoring
Authors: Huang Wei Guo , Zhu Zhong Kui , Li Cheng , Li Peng
Published: March 2012

This paper proposes a novel multiscale slope feature extraction method using wavelet-based multiresolution anlaysis for gearboxes fault identification. The new method mainly includes the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), the variances calculation of multiscale detailed signals, and the wavelet-based multiscale slope features estimation. Experimental results show that the wavelet-based multiscale slope features show excellent clustering for different work conditions and have the merits of high accuracy and stability in classifying different conditions of gearbox.
The Rotor System Balance Design of Scroll Fluid Machinery
Authors: Zhao Man , Yu Shu Rong , Li Chao , Yu Yang
Published: March 2012

The rotor system balance design is always one of the main concerns in scroll fluid machinery dynamics, as it affects the scroll mechanical reliability, safety and life. According to the scroll fluid machinery working principle and structure, combined with the dynamic balance theory, four kinds of balance weight design philosophy were proposed in this paper and verified by a specific example, in which the bearding loads were calculated using four design methods and compared. The results show that the balance design philosophy will have a significant effect on fluid dynamic characteristics. The result is helpful for optimizing the rotor balance design of scroll fluid machinery and improving the mechanical properties.
The Trend of Reconfigurable Pin-Type Fixture with Vacuum Suction Cups
Authors: Zhang Hong Shuang
Published: March 2012

Fixtures play a great role in manufacturing, and the quick changes in modern life lead to high need for changes in fixtures. The reconfigurable Pin-type Fixtures with Vacuum-suction-cup (PFV) developed broadly with the quickly progress of industrial technology. This paper mainly describes the design principles and main differences included in PFV. The characters of ideal PFV are drawn in line with the researches have been done in patents, companies and colleges. According to the actual needs of industry for fixture and the development of computer-aided-fixture-design technology, the trend of PFV in the next several decades is concluded in this paper.
The Brief Analysis of Digital Modeling Techniques in Architecture and Related Fields
Authors: Liu Xiao Jing , Zou Yuan
Published: March 2012

According to the article, the various digital modeling techniques in architecture and civil engineering are extensively discussed. 7 main methods for modeling which are geometry, polygons, displacement texture creation, digital sculpture, plug-ins, vector scanning, and GIS are contrasted and analyzed. To provide reference service for digital modeling in architecture and civil engineering, the research includes their working principles, features, running environments and fields of applications.
IGA-Based User Evaluation Driven Optimization Design of Forklift Styling
Authors: Lu Chun Fu , Li Yu , Liu Xiao Jian , Ren Hai Hua
Published: March 2012

Considering the requirements for efficiency and precision in the forklift styling, the authors developed the forklift optimizing system for its styling based on the interactive genetic algorithms (IGA). The system includes parameter optimization, color optimization and part combination three modules. The parameter optimization module can find the user defined parameters of the forklift 3D models and generate new models. Color optimization module can group the model surfaces and render the groups with different color. New color plans are generated through random changing of the colors in each group. The parts combination module divides forklift into several parts and build lib for each part. The module can pick parts from the lib and assemble them into a whole forklift and demonstrate them. The thesis developed a protosystem on the Solidworks platform with VBA programming tools. Interactive genetic algorithms are applied to realize the three module’s function.
Damage Diagnosis in Self-Compacting Concrete Beams Base on Eigenfrequencies and Mode Shape Derivatives
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Zhen Fu , Gan Yuan Chu , Tao Qiu Wang
Published: March 2012

In this paper, modal characteristics of self-compacting concrete (SCC) beams were studied through experiment. 3 self-compacting concrete beams were gradually damaged and then subjected to vibration test in free-free boundary conditions after each load step. From analysis, eigenfrequencies could indicate the existence of damage but it could not represent the damage locations. Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) is lesser reliable to indicate crack damage compare to eigenfrequencies. Next to these, capacity for damage detection and localization of Coordinate Modal Assurance Criterion (COMAC) and the flexibility matrix method are also examined and compared. This paper introduces in detail the dynamic properties and damage localization methods in SCC, which provide basal databases of damage diagnosis for SCC structures and promote the popularization of SCC in civil infrastructures.
Response of Shallow-Buried Circular Lining Tunnel to Incident PWave
Authors: Li Y.S. , Li T.B. , Zhang X
Published: March 2012

Taking the circular lining tunnel in half-space as prototype, this paper investigates the dynamic responses of this tunnel. A series solution for the scatting waves in half-space and the lining is derived by wave expansion method under the assumption of the large circular arc. And then, combining the boundary conditions, the tunnel dynamic response is shift to seeking the solution of series of algebraic equations. Finally, the effects of buried depth, lining rigidity and incident frequency upon the dynamic hoop stress in the inner lining surface caused by incident plane Pwave is quantitatively analyzed from the view of theory in a typical case.
Order Decision by Difference Method for Least Square in Trend Fitting
Authors: Dong Yu Hua , Zhou Xin Ming
Published: March 2012

A difference method to order decision for least square in trend fitting is proposed in this paper. When the least square is used for fitting trend, choosing the proper order is important for trend fitting accuracy. We can use difference n times to obtain difference result data, and the mean value can be taken as decision criteria. Comparing with the threshold value, when the mth difference result mean is smaller, the trend fitting order for least square can be set to m. Simulation processing results show that this method resolve the problem of order decision for least square in trend fitting, and the method has high accuracy for trend extraction.
Ionic Conductivities and Phase Transition of La2Mo2-xAlxO9-δ
Authors: Li Xiang Hu , Li Dan
Published: March 2012

The influence of aluminum doping on the ionic conductivities and phase transition in the La2Mo2–xAlxO9-δ(x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) oxide-ion conductors has been investigated by XRD, DSC and dielectric relaxation measurements. The results indicate that the solubility of Al3+ in La2Mo2O9 sample is about 10mol%, Al3+ can not suppress the α/β phase transition in the La2Mo2O9, and the aluminum substituted La2Mo2O9 has a higher conductivity in whole temperature than that of pure La2Mo2O9.
Image Compression Technology Based on the Analysis Theory of Wavelet
Authors: Guo Hui , He Jie
Published: March 2012

Due to the huge amount of image data transmission conditions and the existing relative low, makes the image compression become inevitable, key technology of image compression for image data transform to transform the quantitative data, as well as to the quantitative data, after the entropy coding.And this article USES the 2 d Mallat of wavelet image compression algorithm is a kind of common image compression method of wavelet image compression algorithm is the core.
A Way to Improve Eddy Current Sensor Measurement Accuracy
Authors: Miao En Ming , Gong Ya Yun , Cheng Tian Ju , Niu Peng Cheng
Published: March 2012

Eddy current sensor is widely used in engineering applications.When it was calibrated, generally used random error analysis method,but this will expand the range of measurement errors and limit its engineering applications.In this paper, we use a new error analysis method to analyze upper and lower limit of multiple batches measurement data. At the same time, catching up with a criterion for the measurement time. This can obtain the measurement accuracy more precise and have good practical value.
An Obstacle Recognition Method Based on Improved PSO-WNN for Deicing Robot on Voltage Transmission Line
Authors: Zhang Su Wei , Sun Wei , Miao Si Yi
Published: March 2012

An intelligent obstacle recognition method based on improved particle swarm optimization wavelet neural network (IPSO-WNN) for deicing robot on voltage transmission line is presented because traditional obstacle recognition methods often have errors due to structural constraints. Firstly, the improved PSO algorithm is proposed by introduce idea of probabilistic leap in simulated annealing. Secondly , the improved algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the wavelet network. Finally, the trained IPSO-WNN is used to recognize and classify the wavelet moments of the obstacle edged images of robot. Experimental results show that compared with PSO-WNN this method have quicker convergence rate and higher classification precision and improve obviously recognition function of obstacle on transmission line.
Experimental Study of Kick up Phenomenon in Thermosonic Wire-Bonding
Authors: Tian Jing Jing , Han Lei
Published: March 2012

Kick-up phenomenon during looping is an important factor in thermosonic wire bonding. In this study, the loping process during wire bonding was recorded by using high-speed camera, and wire profiles evolution was obtained from images sequence by image processing method. With a polynomial fitting, the wire loop profiling was described by the curvature changing, and kick-up phenomenon on gold wire was found between the instant of 290th frame(0.0537s) to 380th frame (0.0703s), the change of curvature is divided into three phases, a looping phase, a mutation phase and a kick-up phase. While in the kick-up phase, the kick up phenomenon is the most obvious. These experimental results were useful for in-depth study of kick-up phenomenon by simulation.