bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edge detection and location of seismic image based on PCNN
Authors: Lou Li , Chang XiangWei
Published: May 2021

The discontinuous features in seismic data usually correspond to different geological edge information. Effective processing of these seismic data can help us make correct geological interpretations. In this paper, we apply coherent slices to detect and locate the boundary of fault polygons and propose a method for boundary detection and localization of seismic images based on PCNN. In image edge detection, the basic PCNN needs to adjust many parameters. This paper aims at this problem to improve the basic PCNN model, we simplify the feedback input and pulse input, only retain the external input stimulation and the connection domain external neuron stimulation, reduce the parameters, and simplify the calculation. Optimize parameters such as internal activity link coefficients, dynamic thresholds, and cycle times to improve interpretation efficiency and accuracy. Experiments show that the method used in this paper has good practicability and can effectively realize the fault polygons detection and positioning of coherent slices.
Mineral Detection from Hyperspectral Images Using a Spatial-Spectral Residual Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Zeng Hao , Han Xiaoqing , Liu Qingjie
Published: May 2021

Mineral detection from hyperspectral images is an interesting yet challenging research topic in the remote sensing community. Although many efforts have been put into this field, mineral detection is still far from solved, because compositions of minerals are very complex. The features of an interested mineral are very hard to be distinguished from others. In this paper, we attack this problem by introducing recently developed deep learning techniques. Beyond the spectral feature, considering that minerals coexist with each other, which could be regarded as a piece of special context information and thus can be captured by a spatial convolutional neural network (CNN), we design a CNN architecture that is able to exploit both spatial and spectral features of minerals. We test the proposed network on Indiana Pines dataset and a large-scale hyper-spectral image, the results demonstrate that the proposed method is good at representing both spatial and spectral information of hyper-spectral images and it can successfully detect minerals from hyperspectral images.
Stratospheric contraction caused by increasing greenhouse gases
Authors: Pisoft Petr , Sacha Petr , Polvani Lorenzo M , Añel Juan Antonio , de la Torre Laura , Eichinger Roland , Foelsche Ulrich , Huszar Peter , Jacobi Christoph , Karlicky Jan , Kuchar Ales , Miksovsky Jiri , Zak Michal , Rieder Harald E
Published: May 2021

Rising emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) have led to tropospheric warming and stratospheric cooling over recent decades. As a thermodynamic consequence, the troposphere has expanded and the rise of the tropopause, the boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere, has been suggested as one of the most robust fingerprints of anthropogenic climate change. Conversely, at altitudes above ∼55 km (in the mesosphere and thermosphere) observational and modeling evidence indicates a downward shift of the height of pressure levels or decreasing density at fixed altitudes. The layer in between, the stratosphere, has not been studied extensively with respect to changes of its global structure. Here we show that this atmospheric layer has contracted substantially over the last decades, and that the main driver for this are increasing concentrations of GHG. Using data from coupled chemistry-climate models we show that this trend will continue and the mean climatological thickness of the stratosphere will decrease by 1.3 km following representative concentration pathway 6.0 by 2080. We also demonstrate that the stratospheric contraction is not only a response to cooling, as changes in both tropopause and stratopause pressure contribute. Moreover, its short emergence time (less than 15 years) makes it a novel and independent indicator of GHG induced climate change.
Vegetation responses to climatic and geologic controls on water availability in southeastern Arizona
Authors: Sabathier Romy , Singer Michael Bliss , Stella John C , Roberts Dar A , Caylor Kelly K
Published: May 2021

Vegetation distribution, composition and health in arid regions are largely dependent on water availability controlled by climate, local topography and geology. Despite a general understanding of climatic and geologic drivers in plant communities, trends in plant responses to water distribution and storage across areas under different local controls are poorly understood. Here we investigate the multi-decadal interactions between spatial heterogeneity of geologic controls and temporal variation of climate, and their impacts on water availability to vegetation and plant responses (via normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) in a monsoon-driven arid region of southeastern Arizona. We find that grasslands display low NDVI and respond directly to monsoonal rainfall. In the uplands, vegetation on west-facing slopes and in canyons share similar NDVI averages and variability, suggesting that they both use water from surface-groundwater flow paths through fractured rocks. Along the San Pedro River, streamflow, groundwater, and NDVI in deciduous riparian woodlands are strongly responsive to monsoonal rainfall, but water availability stratifies between wet (perennial), intermediate, and dry reaches, underlain by different local geologic controls that affect water table elevation. These controls interact with the driving climate to affect water availability in the shallow alluvial aquifer of the riparian zone, a primary water source to the gallery phreatophytes. A recent shift toward a strengthened monsoon in the region has led to an increase in water availability for grasslands and for dry reaches of the San Pedro, while the benefit is more muted along wetter reaches, where the riparian forest shows signs of having reached its maturity, with diminished trends in NDVI. These results have implications for the future vulnerability of dryland vegetation to climate change, which may be either dampened or intensified by local controls such as geology.
Effects of simulated acid rain on Growth of Lolium perenne
Authors: YIN P. , Peng Y.J , Song C.C , Liu X.J. , Huang J. , Lv X.
Published: May 2021

Lolium perenne is an important forage in China. In order to reduce the effect of acid rain on the quality and yield of Lolium perenne, Lolium perenne was used as material to study the changes of seedling growth and physiological characteristics under different pH conditions. The results showed that under the influence of simulated acid rain, the biomass and chlorophyll content of ryegrass changed greatly. The aboveground biomass and total biomass increased at pH 4.0 ~7.0, and the aboveground biomass and total biomass were the largest at pH 5.0, indicating that moderate acidity promoted the growth of Lolium perenne leaves. The chlorophyll content showed a double peak curve with the change of acid rain acidity, and reached the peak value at pH = 7 and pH = 3.5, respectively, indicating that acid environment was also conducive to the synthesis of chlorophyll in Lolium perenne leaves. Malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity increased significantly with the aggravation of acid rain stress, which was also a kind of adaptation and response mechanism of plants to environmental stress.
A New Diagnosis Method of Vibration Fault of Rotating Machinery Based on Information Exergy
Authors: Chen Fei , Cao Hao , Wu Xiaowen , Hu Sheng , lu Ling , Chen Wei
Published: May 2021

Vibration signal analysis is a foundation of fault diagnosis, while the common used method is to analyse the characteristic quantities extracted from an original waveform of a particular measuring point in a particular moment. It lacks of abilities in fault classification. Based on information fusion of process, two kinds of information exergy indicators are proposed and defined in this paper, to represent the change rule between different states in a same process and the rule of corresponding state changes in different processes. On this basis, a new fault diagnosis method of information exergy of rotating machinery based on space-time feature spectrum in frequency domain is first proposed. The method has been validated by analysing vibration signals and diagnosing faults of a rotor test platform.
Research on PMSM Vector Control System Based on MTPA
Authors: Li Yiheng
Published: May 2021

Built-in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are widely used in social life due to their strong load capacity and high-performance speed regulation ability. This paper derives the equation conversion of PMSM from abc coordinate system to dq coordinate system, introduces the basic principle of the Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA), and builds a simulation model based on the MTPA vector control system using MATLAB/SIMULINK, analyzes the changing law of the simulated waveform.
Research on Power Line Communication Technology of Energy Internet Based on Blockchain
Authors: Xia Fei , Wang Pengfei
Published: May 2021

Due to the gradual improvement of the energy Internet level, its requirements for the communication structure are also stricter. The key to the Energy Internet is the power structure control network. It integrates many distributed renewable energy sources, and meets the two-way intercommunication of energy and information by means of information and communication. Through the use of blockchain and smart contract technology in the Energy Internet to complete stable and automatic P2P energy transactions, it will be possible to optimize the work efficiency of the structure and optimize the cost. Power line communication technology generally covers power line carrier and industrial frequency communication technology. It is not necessary to build leased lines or collect public communication service fees, so that grid companies can make full use of their own resources. Based on the Internet and power line communication technology, this article discusses the dilemmas that need to be resolved in the construction of the energy Internet based on blockchain, so as to provide corresponding support for the optimization of heterogeneous networks in the future.
Artificial Intelligence Model Back-End Engine in Gathering Public Services in Carawali Village
Authors: Ramlan Pratiwi , Tajuddin Sapri , Adri Khaeriyah , Mardhatillah  , Febrianti Devi
Published: May 2021

Based on Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, making the village the main basis for development. Development is no longer centralized in urban areas (centralization) but must be spread throughout Indonesia (decentralization). The village has the authority to regulate the implementation of village governance autonomously. In the era of regional autonomy, the village is a very important part in determining the success of regional development which has direct contact with the community, especially concerning public services. This study aims to analyze the application of village websites in improving administrative services to the community in Carawali Village, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods with data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. The method of data analysis is done by collecting data, reducing data, displaying data, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the implementation of the Carawali Village website in providing administrative services to the community was good and following the current needs of the community for population statistics based on region, age, education, occupation, religion, gender, status, persons with disabilities, blood type, and other, likewise, making a certificate from the village can be done independently or with the help of village officials, but there is a lack of socialization that extends to all levels of society in Carawali Village regarding the function and role of village websites, so the use of village websites is still ineffective. from the current condition where there is still a lack of people who use the facilities and access the website.
Study on characteristics of tidal dynamics and vortex in Zhoushan Archipelago sea area
Authors: Zha Yueying , Li Li , Zhang Lu , Xia Yuezhang
Published: May 2021

Numerical modelling is used to study the characteristics and mechanisms of tidal dynamics and vortex in Zhoushan Archipelago sea area. Results show that amplitudes and current speeds of the semidiurnal tides decrease significantly when passing through the islands. Conversion of tidal energy, archipelago topography and formation of shallow-water tides are important reasons for the evolution of tidal waves. The ebb tide has a longer duration in the archipelago sea area, particularly in narrow channels. The M2-M4 constituents play a major role in tidal asymmetry. The flow paths of tidal currents change much, causing the high speed flooding/ebbing near the north/south bank. The tidal vortex is mainly distributed on both sides of and behind the islands, which is related to the shape of islands and the flow velocity. Referring to the current directions, positive/negative vorticity generally appears on the right/left side of the islands.
Research of evaluation method of auxiliary frequency modulation in gas turbine unit
Authors: Li Qiang , Yu Qingguang , Ma Yingxin , Jiang Zhicheng , Liu Yuming
Published: May 2021

In this paper, according to the mechanical structure of the gas turbine set and the process of primary frequency modulation, the models including the speed regulating system, combustion chamber, temperature control system, torque control system, acceleration control system and synchronous generator are established. Bidirectional DC/DC converter and inverter model are established according to the circuit structure and corresponding control strategy. According to the primary frequency modulation process of the gas turbine, the control strategy of the energy storage system participating in the primary frequency modulation is set. The energy storage system uses the traditional droop control strategy and combines the primary frequency modulation process of gas turbine to improve the frequency modulation performance of gas turbine and offshore platform microgrid. Finally, PSCAD transient simulation software is used to build offshore platform and a multi-platform interconnection micro-grid model, results of the simulation show high performance of the designed microgrid.
A Structure optimization method used in microgrid
Authors: Yu Qingguang , Jiang Zhicheng , Liu Yuming , Guo Min , Long Gaoxiang
Published: May 2021

This paper takes a large photovoltaic plant as a pilot platform to research the micro gird. In the micro grid, DC bus is the key structure, photovoltaic panels are the micro power source, lithium iron phosphate batteries are the energy storage device, and four converters are used as energy conversion device. This paper studies its specific characters such as component unit, control strategy, monitoring system and investment model. the paper builds a valuation model in the investing of energy micro system by using discounted cash flow model. According to power cost model, ecological and economic benefits are analysed and summarized, providing reference for the further application of construction on photovoltaic micro grid projects.
Plastic waste menace in Ghana, a serious threat to marine ecological diversity
Authors: Musah Baba Imoro , Peng Lai , Xu Yifeng
Published: May 2021

Plastic pollution is a major environmental concern due to the severe threats it poses to both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. The ocean health index for Ghana showed a consistent decline from 2017 to 2019 from a score of 63 to 59. Ghana is ranked 188th out of 221 exclusive economic zones worldwide. The annual imports of raw plastic materials are estimated to be 2.58 million metric tonnes and about 73% of the total plastic imports end up as waste materials. Plastic recycling represents an insignificant 0.1% while re-use plastics represent 19% of the total imported plastic materials. The analysis showed that the daily average solid waste generated per head in Ghana is 0.47 kg and it sums up to an estimated 12, 710 tonnes per day for the population. In the marine ecosystem, plastics waste becomes entanglement capable of causing injuries and fatalities to some marine species. Low recycling techniques coupled with improper solid waste disposal by the populace in coastal communities contribute significantly to marine pollution.
Territorial resources of Baikal zone: project development methodology
Authors: Arkhipkin O , Lapshin A , Bezrukikh O , Golik S
Published: May 2021

The main goal of the study is to form the methodological approaches in order to create a unified concept of socio-economic development of the territorial resources of the Baikal zone in terms of severe environmental restrictions; study and analysis of inertial factors; current trends in the transformation of the territorial and sectoral structure of the Baikal zone as a taxonomic subregion of the Baikal and Transbaikalia territory It was revealed that the main dominant in relation to the territorial resources is environmental protection. This limits both at present and in the future the effective use of the resource potential of the territory, since the methodology of the program of economic, economic and social evolution of the territory has not been formulated yet in the paradigm of the “new” economy where the traditional resources acquire new qualities via innovative technologies, including the quality of environmental feasibility. The article defines a set of industries that has been identified and whose development in Industry 4.0 and Agricilture 4.0 format, not disrupting the homeostasis of the territory, can serve as attractors of the socio-economic development of the unique territory of the Baikal zone. The article justifies that there is a necessity to distinguish the Baikal zone into “subadministrative” district in relation to the Irkutsk Oblast and Republic within the aquatic regions of Lake Baikal. The creation of the scientific and methodological Baikal center at the federal level, the transfer of managerial functions of the Baikal zone to a state corporation with the authority to administer a territory with quasi-legislative and quasi-judicial functions will help to solve the problems. The proposals about sources of financing for the implementation of the proposed Concept of socio-economic development of the Baikal zone are presented in the article.
Organization of vortex smoke gaz movement over the fuel layer to increase the efficiency of the work boiler unit KVm-2,5 in the village of Mishelevka, Usolsky district, Irkutsk region
Authors: Bochkarev V A , Dykus I V , Frolov A G , Khan V V
Published: May 2021

Comparative experimental studies of the boiler unit KVm-2.5 in the layer combustion and in the organization of vortex motion of flue gases (VMFG) were carried out in this work. Analysis of the boiler showed that the layer combustion is marked by low efficiency of the boiler unit, excessive fuel consumption, a large amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. One of the ways to improve the efficiency of fuel combustion and reduce harmful emissions is the organization of VMFG over the fuel layer. The results of heat-engineering calculations, which allow to estimate economic and ecological expediency of introduction of VMFG are presented in this article.
Diversification of activities in the land management services market in Irkutsk
Authors: Bunkovsky V I
Published: May 2021

Land management services are formed within the land market (taking into account the demand for land). At the same time, the effectiveness and quality of these services is not the solution of individual problems, but the application of a systematic approach, the design of a “turnkey” project and registration of life support systems in government departments. This provides a positive background for the creation of an enterprise that promises to provide land management services and maintain life support systems. The analysis showed that the market of land management services in the Irkutsk region is not yet busy enough and has prospects for growth.A firm is encouraged to apply intensive growth strategies to become successful. The implementation of the strategy takes 3 years. For the first year a company has been entering the land management market.In the second year, the company needs to create and meet the general demand for cadastral works in new territorial markets. In the third year of the company’s development, it is necessary to plan the expansion of services to a full range of survey work and enter the construction market. For this, the company is recommended to reduce prices for geodetic works at the expense of economies of scale. All stages of the company’s development must have marketing research of the markets, as well as the study of additional and hidden opportunities. The land management services industry is very attractive and can provide a stable income. However, entering the land management services market requires large investments.
Comprehensive optimization of field pipelines
Authors: Chupin V R , Maizel I V
Published: May 2021

The analysis showed that the solution of complex optimization of parameters of field pipelines is not given due attention. Traditionally, this operation is performed manually. The designer, using his experience and intuition, outlines several alternative options, which are then evaluated automatically, which does not provide an optimal solution. The paper proposes a method for indicative and adaptive management of field development and conservation, which allows us to take into account the uncertainties that arise in the future stages of field operation. At each stage of management, it is proposed to perform a comprehensive optimization of the main field pipelines and use the method of redundant design schemes with the solution of circuit-structural and circuit-parametric optimization problems, including the stages of field conservation. Numerical experiments have confirmed the high computational and economic efficiency of the proposed approach and method.
Development of ecological tourism: Russia and China
Authors: Dayneko D V , Dayneko A I , Dayneko V V , Potorochenko N A
Published: May 2021

Innovative development and further collaboration of Russia and China, when our countries experience EU and US sanctions, require a deep study of the domestic and foreign tourism experience. Today, ecotourism is of special interest in developed countries and should be an important component of the socioeconomic development of our countries. The work presents the modern concept and approaches to ecological tourism, the implementation of which is required for sustainable development of the countries and the promotion of local natural, cultural, and historical heritage. Ecological tourism plays an important role to preserve natural, historical and cultural values too. This type of tourism attracts many tourists and is, thereby, profitable from economic, social and political points of view, resulting in further lucrative collaboration between our countries. Some common benefits of ecological tourism are proposed for Russia and China, as the prospective centres of the world ecological tourism. Some recommendations for the further development of ecological tourism in the region are presented. The role of specially protected natural areas with its wealth of natural resources determines the conditions favorable for the development of eco-tourism and its forms in our countries. Therefore, the importance of ecological tourism in our countries is revealed.
Study of ecological and economic efficiency for resource supplying organizations in the transition to alternative sources
Authors: Grebneva O , Lavygina O
Published: May 2021

In modern conditions, environmental and economic efficiency is a necessary development factor for the infrastructure of housing and communal services. When conducting a feasibility study of measures to modernize resource-supplying organizations, payments for negative impact are often not fully taken into account as averted financial costs. Resource supplying organizations as users of natural resources cause damage to the environment mainly in the form of emissions into the air, for which they make payments to the budget of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the more emissions enter the atmosphere, the more significant the amount of payments. The analysis of this factor allows us to conclude that the transition to alternative sources of heat supply leads not only to a decrease in environmental damage, but also to a decrease for payments for the owners of heat generating equipment. In this work, it is proved by the example of the boiler house of settlement Lisvyanka, Irkutsk region, which the use of modern technical equipment leads to a decrease in payments for the negative impact in terms of air pollution. The results obtained may indicate the possibility of reducing the tariff when calculating utilities, which is an additional motivating factor in the modernization of infrastructure facilities for housing and communal services.
Network landscape representation: ecosystem services context
Authors: Kobylkin D , Krasnoshtanova N , Kuklina M , Trufanov A , Altangerel E , Dashdorj Z , Tikhomirov A , Jafari G
Published: May 2021

Mostly ecosystem problems concern contradictions between extensive land use and cover in the context of sustainable agricultural landscape. Environment governance along with land use planning and development requires a thorough consideration of capacities and flows of ecosystem services and concomitant goods as well. Pertinent assessment is usually performed through mapping techniques. However, experts emphasized the need to find and apply novel means of presenting the structure and dynamics of service-providing entities. This paper introduces a brief characterization of landscape of the Oka district (Republic of Buryatia, Russia) in novel network scope with aim to provide further possible tradeoff between traditional land use and ecosystem sustainability.
Reconstruction of the tail heating surfaces of CHP boilers in order to improve the efficiency
Authors: Kudryashov A N , Koval T V
Published: May 2021

Recently, the share of non-design fuel use of coal at thermal power plants has increased, which negatively affects the operation of existing equipment. On the territory of the Irkutsk Region, there are 9 combined heat and power plants operating mainly on brown coals of the Irkutsk and Kansk-Achinsk basins. The main fuel at many CHPs is brown coal from the Mugunskoye deposit, the quality of which is deteriorating year by year. At the Novo-Irkutsk CHP, there is a prospect of continuing the supply of the Mugunsky coal with a sulfur content of up to 2.5%, which significantly exceeds the sulfur content of the design coals, which is 0.5%. This leads to the condensation of sulfuric acid vapors in the flue gases and, as a result, the heating surfaces are subject to sulfuric acid corrosion. In addition, there is a problem of erosive wear of air heaters at CHPs, caused by high flow rates and ash concentrations, which is also caused by a deterioration in the composition of the burnt coal. To solve the problem associated with low-temperature sulfuric acid corrosion of the boiler air heater tanks, it is proposed to place additional heating surfaces in the bypass gas ducts, which will reduce the temperature of the gases by cooling the flue gases with network water, and allow the obtained heat to be used in the added sections of the calorifier for heating the inlet (cold) air. While bypassing 25% of gases using the heat of gases in the calorifiers, erosion wear is reduced due to a decrease in the gas velocity in the air heater from 13 m/s to 9 m/s. The proposed technical measures will make it possible not only to increase the efficiency of the boiler and the plant as a whole, but also to increase the degree of fuel heat use.
Actor-network relations between consumer and provider in tourism on Lake Baikal
Authors: Kuklina M V , Trufanov A I , Krasnoshtanova N E , Makarov M V , Altangerel E
Published: May 2021

The authors consider actor-network relations in the interaction of providers and consumers of tourist services in the Baikal region, where tourism is integral to environmental management and sustainable development of the territory. The paper emphasizes the need for environmental management with a due regard to all stakeholder of the consumer-provider interaction system. The research method involves application of an actor-network approach. Using this approach allows us to identify not only “live” social networkers, but also other intermediaries who are not people. Currently, consumers of tourist services do not particularly need live intermediaries; their role is performed by non human intermediaries - wires and computers. The paper examines the role of information and communication technologies, tourist databases, transport, electronic booking systems, communication tools, and social networking in this relationship. The authors highlight that the development of tourism supports the local economy, which contributes to the sustainable development of the territory, but the linkage formation between the consumer and provider of tourist services is complicated by a large number of intermediaries Thus, it is surmised that the development of information infrastructure should be accompanied, or rather preceded, by the development of all other infrastructure elements (water supply, waste disposal and transport development). It was revealed that, the more connections and their diversity between a tourist camp and a potential tourist, the higher its stability and competitiveness, which can contribute to the sustainable development of the tourism industry in the Baikal region.
Efficiency of air regeneration of sludge immobilized on a floating loading in a biotank
Authors: Kul’kov V N , Yu Solopanov E
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the research was to determine the optimal parameters of air the regeneration of the floating loading that are necessary and sufficient for its high efficiency. Finding similar indicators on an industrial aerotank is very difficult and costly. The model biotank and the experimental setup allow varying in a wide range the intensity of the airy medium-bubble regeneration of the floating loading, the regeneration time, the specific mass of loading, and control the concentration of free floating sludge. To study the kinetics of sedimentation of sludge on the loading, original techniques based on the laws of physical chemistry have been developed and used. An express method for determining the concentration of free floating sludge has been developed and applied. For the first time, the dependences of the efficiency of medium-bubble air regeneration of immobilized sludge on a floating bio-loading of the “Biremax” type on the time and intensity of regeneration, as well as on the specific mass of the loading, were obtained. It is shown that the optimal parameters the air of regeneration of a floating loading energy-saving and necessary for its high efficiency, make it possible to ensure the presence of an immobilized biocenosis, which is necessary for deep wastewater treatment.
Analysis of emission estimates using the Atmospheric Pollution Index in the Baikal Natural Territory
Authors: Lavygina O , Grebneva O
Published: May 2021

Over the past few years, the Irkutsk Region has been included in the priority list of territories with the maximum degree of air pollution. In this case, the Atmospheric Pollution Index is used as the main criterion. In this work, the calculation of the complex index of atmospheric pollution formed during the operation of the heat supply system in the settlement of Listvyanka of the Irkutsk region is made. Heat consumers are multi-apartment residential buildings, public and business buildings. Heat supply of Listvyanka is carried out from four boiler houses. The API analysis showed that during the operation of the fuel and energy complex of small settlements, the degree of air pollution can be classified as “low”. Thus, the contribution of the fuel and energy complex to the total background air pollution can be considered insignificant.
Development of a method for flameless combustion of finely dispersed carbon-containing waste
Authors: Ya Mashovich A , Belikov A , Ruposov V L
Published: May 2021

The high demand for waste incineration in the Russian Federation, due to the large size garbage landfills. The article analyzes the existing and promising methods for burning municipal solid waste. Describes the above studies on the creation of a furnace for the flameless combustion of coal-containing waste. The results of experiments on combustion of solid materials with a low carbon content are presented. The analysis of the applications of this type of furnace. This technology allows you to burn not only household waste, but also the waste of some industrial enterprises. Using such technology it would be economically justified by alignment with the conventional process of burning municipal solid waste.
Rational environmental management on the example of the Kingdom of Thailand
Authors: Perfilieva Yu V
Published: May 2021

The article raises the problem of rational nature management in the Kingdom of Thailand. The research questions concern the loss of biodiversity, the reduction of forest space, the lack of fresh water, climate change, air and water pollution. Cost-benefit analysis is considered as the main economic tool to justify the adoption of design decisions in the field of nature management and environmental protection. When solving the research problem, the most promising direction of preserving the well-being of society through the effective use of natural resources, the concept of a “green” economy was adopted. The economic efficiency of the application of this direction of development was determined.
New solutions for solar energy: aesthetics and return on investment
Authors: Ruposov V L , Belikov A
Published: May 2021

Improving the aesthetic requirements of the design elements led to the fact that the solar panel and solar tiles are design element. Solar roof tiles are a new technology and have increased their energy efficiency and aesthetics over the 10 years of their existence. An alternative technology of thermoelectric generators has a lower level of efficiency, but at the same time it can work even without solar radiation. The analysis of the payback of solar panels showed that the sensitivity of the use of technology depends not only on the cost of the equipment itself, but also on the cost of traditional energy sources. The prospects for new solutions will depend on the reduction in the cost and increase in the cost of electricity for the household consumer.
Developing physical and chemical foundations to manufacture mica phosphate materials for various science-based areas of engineering and construction industry
Authors: Shishelova T I , Fedchishin V V , Khramovskih M A
Published: May 2021

Intensification of the existing technological processes as well as introduction of innovative technology are not conceivable without applying high-temperature electric heating. There is much concern about new generation materials with increased heat resistance, which can withstand the service temperature of 12000C for a long period of operation. The research aim: to develop the physical and chemical principles for manufacturing heat-resistant mica-phosphate materials with high performance characteristics. The objects of the research are compositions of powdered mica from various deposits with the aluminum-chromium-phosphate bounding component at the component ratio 1: 1. Research methods: a number of modern physical and chemical methods were used: x-ray phase and thermal analyses, as well as IR spectroscopy method. Research results: as a matter of the experimental studies and scientific generalization, the regularities in the “mica - phosphate bounding component” system are revealed. The parameters that allow obtaining heat-resistant mica-containing materials with high performance characteristics for a wide range of applications in various scientific based areas of engineering and construction industry are determined and improved.
Enhancement of micalex composition for improving its electric insulation characteristics
Authors: Shyshelova T I , Fedchishin V V , Hramovskih M A
Published: May 2021

Creation of materials with improved electric insulation properties is an urgent problem, and micalex is one of the promising materials for developing such compositions. Mica is a good insulator and “mica + glass” composition has considerable mechanical strength, therefore, micalex can be considered as a promising construction and electric insulation material. Objectives of the paper: To obtain micalex composition with improved electric insulation characteristics. Task: Studying the mechanism of interaction between components of the “mica + glass + volcanic cinder” composite and nature of changes in the electric insulation characteristics of micalex with addition of volcanic cinder. Objects of studies were samples of composite micalex material with addition of different amounts of volcanic cinder and with different types of mica as filling material. Methods of investigation. Studies were performed using present-day methods of physical and chemical analysis: X-ray phase analysis and infrared spectroscopy technique. Eclectic and physical characteristics were determined using standard procedures. Results of study: Development of micalex of new composition having sufficient mechanical strength and enhanced electric insulation characteristics owing to addition of volcanic cinder.
Humanization of Living Environment Quality is Indicator of Quality Life (modern Danish architecture example)
Authors: Dagdanova Ts B , Khadeev M B
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, one of the problems is the quality of the residential urban environment in our country. The course towards the development of a high-quality living environment, the transformation of unfavorable urban spaces are aimed at sustainable development, humanization of the urban environment. A high quality environment is an important policy objective in every society. In the entire there are only a few cities that could be nominated as successful examples of sustainable development. The article examines the experience of transforming the capital of Denmark into one of the most comfortable cities in the world as one of such examples. The definition of quality of life is given as a long run sense of happiness or well-being. A humane living environment in urbanized Copenhagen is the result a comprehensive architectural policy for Denmark and the government’s intentions that the architectural policy will contribute to the development of architecture the country. The goal of this article is to emphasize the need of high architectural quality that gives high quality for our lives to our country, using the example of a comprehensive policy in Denmark.
The modern urban environment: development trends and prospects
Authors: Kudryavtseva V A
Published: May 2021

The government has been paying attention to the issues of creation and implementation of comfortable physical, psychological and social conditions in the urban environment. In this regard, in order to increase competitive advantages and improve the sustainable development of urban areas, it is necessary to revise principles of city management, implement new approaches to the urban environment design, build new facilities, and develop programs for implementing advanced technologies. These goals can be achieved by moving into the existing spaces of “smart” cities. Innovative proposals and modern technologies are an integral part of any territorial development project. Smart cities operate at the intersection of digital technologies, breakthrough innovations and an urban environment, which should be a comfortable zone for work and life and a favorable place for implementing modern ideas. At the same time, innovative technologies implemented into the urban environment should not be a sign of scientific and technological progress. Their main purpose is to create territories with the sustainable use of existing opportunities and to focus on high quality public spaces interacting with citizens.
University campus in the strategy of functional and effective architectural morphogenesis
Authors: Nizamutdinova Z F , Oreshkin N D , Kriukova A A
Published: May 2021

This article presents an analysis of the structure of foreign and russian university campuses to find the most optimal organizational factors. The analysis criteria are the geographical location of campuses, transport and pedestrian schemes, the percentage of landscaping and university rating indicators. As a result of the work, the most effective aspects of the campus organization are emphasized for further application of the acquired knowledge in practice.
Determination of territorial compactness and analysis of optimization of energy-efficient characteristics of the university campus
Authors: Nizamutdinova Z F , Potonova N A
Published: May 2021

This article provides an overview of the spatial structure of university campuses, taking into account its reasonable organization and improving the energy efficiency of buildings-obtaining the status of a “self-sufficient” university campus. The analysis of the compactness of pedestrian work on the territory of universities is carried out. Modern technologies based on “sustainable architecture” to improve the quality of architectural characteristics of domestic universities are considered. The aim of the work is to identify the most promising model for the development of the spatial structure of the campus and modern solutions to the problem in the field of architecture of low-energy efficient university campuses.
Methodology project dimensions of courtyard areas and the principles of comfortable environment of the INRTU campus
Authors: Nizamutdinova Z F , Tykheeva A Z
Published: May 2021

The results of project-based learning under the theme “Comfortable yard” for the development of the campus of the INRTU. At the stage of field researches identified the main problems and conceptual solutions to transform the courtyards of the dormitories of the campus, analyzed the criteria of superior courts on various project proposals and the methodology project dimensions of yard space.
The concentration of intellectual and material wealth: Development of the military and barrack infrastructure of the St. Petersburg Military District in 1864-1917
Authors: Novikov P A , Vorontsov V N , Oleinikov A V
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the Russian military construction on the example of the St. Petersburg Military District in the period from 1864 to 1917. Without taking into account the military factor, it is impossible to reconstruct the socio-economic development of our country’s regions. The scale and priority of military construction affect the long-term goals of the state. “Strategic” motives could both give an impetus to the economic growth of some regions, and on the contrary significantly restrain the development of others. St. Petersburg contains the results of many years of headquarters work such as all plans for mobilization and the sequence of replenishment, loss and restoration of the armed forces, stocks of maps. The main gunpowder, cannon and shell factories were located near St. Petersburg, while pipe, cartridge and mine factories are located in St. Petersburg itself. In St. Petersburg are stored the vast reserves of the State Bank, the Mint, the treasures of the Hermitage, the incalculable capitals of private financial enterprises, the money reserves of the State Treasury.The conditions of quartering significantly determine the combat training of troops in peacetime and, accordingly, their combat qualities in military conditions.
Children’s interactive car park
Authors: Timohovets V D , Khodyreva M M
Published: May 2021

The authors of this paper propose a solution to the issue of improving road safety by more in-depth and advanced training of children in the rules of the road and driving a vehicle in the Children’s interactive car Park. Within this Park, by taking into account accident statistics, driving license control exercises, certain features of the road network, etc., an urban environment in miniature is created that promotes full and practical learning for children. This system will allow children to learn from an early age what responsibility is on the road, become more attentive, which in turn will increase their safety in road conditions, as well as increase road safety in the future. This article describes the basic principles of developing a children’s interactive car Park, presents its planning and organizational structure.
Reminiscences of suprematism heritage in modern design and architecture: relevant professional discourse, environment identity source and/or commercial idea
Authors: Ye Zheleznyak O
Published: May 2021

The article conducts the analysis of using the heritage as one of the most problematic professional discourses of today and the particularly relevant practices of forming an objective-spatial environment as the means for making up unique living spaces in the situation of modern life commercialization. Today suprematism, selected as the object for discussion, is quite a popular cultural pattern and identity resource demanded in the works of designers and architects. The relevance of the research is also explained by the need of searching for a compromise solution between a correct interpretation of the heritage and commercial profit. The work includes the study of the avant-garde painting as the modern era style, suprematism reminiscences in the objects of modern design and architecture, analysis of relations between the heritage and commercial idea. An important outcome is the identification of successful examples of the heritage application in modern works. The paper outlines a positive experience of using the brand potential of the suprematism heritage, the interpretations of “new painting” as a concept, a cultural example, an identity resource and a special design language which shows the opportunity of the cultural norm priority over the commercial idea. It also provides obtaining the balance between contemporary challenges and cultural archetypes at the creation of the demanded and relevant product.
City and festival: spaces of “site” identity, territorial development and branding
Authors: Ye Zheleznyak O , Korelina M V
Published: May 2021

The article considers the spaces of city festivals, their research as a special form of the “site” identity manifestation, a way to make the urban realm more comfortable and a component of territorial branding and development driver. Today a festival involvement into the system of territorial development and using it as the means of building a positive reputation for the site and increasing its investment attractiveness is relevant and explained, among other things, by common interest in the formation of the quality environment in Russian cities and the competition in the promotion of territorial vital priorities. The paper includes the analysis of traditional festivals as the basis of a modern urban life and culture, on the one hand; the actual trends of existing of the city festive culture as a component of urban daily living activities, development and branding space, on the other hand. It also stipulates for the identification of the image function of modern festivals for territories. It is important to address the festival as a form of the interpretation of traditions and immersion into the “site” culture, a means for improving the quality of life in the environment. The paper puts a special emphasis on the importance of the festive living space in a city as a space integrating traditions, popular trends and commercial interests (including touristic business interests).