bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma análise das matemáticas utilizadas nos investimentos em títulos públicos
Authors: Campos Paulo Tadeu Gandra , Rodrigues Chang Kuo , Venditti Lucca Moreira
Published: March 2020

Resumo: Este trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa fomentada pela Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), vinculada ao Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica Júnior (PIBIC-JR) e tem por objetivo analisar as matemáticas utilizadas em investimentos em Títulos Públicos. Para tal, primeiramente, com o objetivo de ter acesso a essas modalidades de investimentos, pontuamos os procedimentos necessários para a abertura de conta em uma corretora de valores. Em um segundo momento, estudamos as três principais modalidades de investimentos acessados via Tesouro Direto, a saber: Tesouro Selic, Tesouro IPCA e Tesouro Prefixado. Além disso, por meio de simulações e à luz da Teoria Antropológica do Didático, obtivemos informações a respeito dos conteúdos matemáticos por trás de tais investimentos, tais como porcentagem, juros compostos, conversão de taxas e diferentes tipos de rendimentos (bruto, líquido e real). Tudo isso foi feito seguindo a metodologia de pesquisa Engenharia Didática de Artigue.

Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática; Educação Financeira Escolar; Engenharia Didática; Teoria Antropológica do Didático; Tesouro Direto.

An analysis of the mathematics used in investments in government securities

Abstract: This work is the result of a research promoted by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), linked to the Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica Júnior (PIBIC-JR) and aims to analyze the mathematics used in investments in Government Securities. To do this, first, in order to have access to these types of investments, we outlined the procedures necessary for opening an account in a securities broker. In a second moment, we studied the three main investment modalities accessed through Treasury Direct, namely Treasury Selic, IPCA Treasury and Prefixed Treasury, and, through simulations and in light of the Didactic Anthropological Theory, we obtain information regarding the contents (such as percentage, compound interest, conversion rates and different types of income (gross, net and real). All this was done following Artigue's Didactic Engineering research methodology.

Keywords: Financial education; Didactic Engineering; Investments; Anthropological Theory of Didactics; Treasury Direct.
Acaso e probabilidades nos anos iniciais: potencial dos jogos como mediadores na construção do conhecimento
Authors: Conti Keli Cristina , Vilas Bôas Sandra Gonçalves
Published: March 2020

Resumo: No Brasil, desde a publicação dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (1997), os conteúdos de Estatística e Probabilidade fazem parte dos currículos e foram reafirmados na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (2017, 2018). Neste artigo, objetiva-se apresentar um breve contexto histórico sobre Probabilidade e Acaso. Outro aspecto será a discussão da questão curricular envolvendo essas duas temáticas as quais podem ser trabalhadas nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental (1.º ao 5.º ano), apresentar preâmbulo sobre o potencial dos jogos, exemplificar propostas para a sala de aula que permita trabalhar noções iniciais de probabilidade por meio de um jogo e de atividades investigativas, introduzindo assim as primeiras noções para posteriormente aprofundá-las nos anos seguintes. Esperamos subsidiar também o trabalho do professor e desmistificar o ensino de Probabilidade com as crianças nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental.

Palavras-chave: Educação Estatística; Probabilidade; Jogos; Formação de professores; Currículo.

Account and challenges in initial years: potential of games as mediators in construction of knowledge

Abstract: In Brazil, since the publication of the National Curricular Parameters (1997), the contents of Statistics and Probability are part of the curricula and were reaffirmed in the National Curricular Common Base (2017, 2018). This article aims to present a brief historical context about Probability and Chance. Another aspect will be the discussion of the curriculum issue involving these two themes which can be worked on in the Early Years of Elementary School (1st to 5th grade), presenting preamble about the potential of games, exemplifying proposals for the classroom that allow you to work on initial notions of probability through play, and investigative activities, thus introducing the first notions and then deepening them into subsequent years. We hope to subsidize the work of the teacher and demystify the teaching of Probability with the children in the Initial Years of Elementary School.

Keywords: Statistical Education; Probability; Games; Teacher training; Curriculum.
Educação financeira e as contribuições do pensamento computacional em uma proposta de atividade voltada à tomada de decisão
Authors: Baroni Ana Karina Cancian , Silva Eliel Constantino da , Maltempi Marcus Vinícius , Javaroni Sueli Liberatti
Published: March 2020

Resumo: Neste artigo trazemos uma atividade voltada à tomada de decisão em Educação Financeira, realizada no ambiente Scratch. Identificamos e valorizamos as contribuições do Pensamento Computacional no processo de elaboração da atividade, diante da sua relação com o raciocínio e os processos de pensamento. O objetivo é discutir como a Matemática e as discussões financeiras se fazem presentes, a partir de uma atividade que considera o Pensamento Computacional como um caminho para a tomada de decisão, de forma reflexiva e crítica. A análise da atividade, em conjunto com as contribuições teóricas apresentadas, nos mostra que esse caminho pode contribuir com os processos de pensamento, raciocínio, resolução de problemas e organização de ideias, indispensáveis para a tomada de decisões financeiras.

Palavras-chave: Scratch; Educação Matemática; Educação Básica.

Financial education and the contributions of the computacional thinking in a decision-making activity proposal

Abstract: In this article we bring an activity focused on decision making in Financial Education, carried out in Scratch software. We identify and value the contributions of Computational Thinking in the process of elaboration of the activity, in relation to its relation with reasoning and thought processes. The objective is to discuss how Mathematics and financial discussions are presented, from an activity that considers computational thinking as a path to decision making, reflectively and critically. The analysis of the activity, together with the theoretical contributions presented, shows that this path can contribute to the processes of thinking, reasoning, problem solving and idea organization, indispensable for financial decision-making.

Keywords: Scratch; Mathematics Education; Basic Education.
Uma avaliação feita por licenciandos sobre atividades investigativa-exploratórias de matemática financeira
Authors: Vaz Rafael Filipe Novôa , Kistemann Junior Marco Aurélio
Published: March 2020

Resumo: O presente artigo objetiva apresentar as ações e produções de licenciandos em Matemática, numa avaliação com atividades investigativo-exploratórias envolvendo conteúdos e temáticas da Matemática Financeira. A fundamentação teórica foi realizada em Kistemann Jr. no tocante à Educação Financeira e Ensino de Matemática Financeira, Skovsmose na temática da Educação Matemática Crítica e Cenários para Investigação e Zigmunt Bauman que problematiza a sociedade de consumo líquido-moderna. Como principal resultado da prática realizada destacamos a participação dos estudantes e as reflexões efetuadas nas situações envolvendo temas cotidianos da realidade econômica que os cerca e que, em geral passa desapercebido dos indivíduos-consumidores

Palavras-chave: Educação Financeira; Matemática Financeira; Cenários para Investigação.

An assessment by graduates on investigative-exploratory activities of financial mathematics

Abstract: This article aims to present the actions and student’s productions in mathematics, an assessment with investigative activities-involving content and thematic exploration of financial mathematics. The theoretical foundation was held in Kistemann Jr. regarding financial education and teaching financial mathematics, Mathematical Education in Skovsmose and scenarios for investigation and Zigmunt Bauman that discusses society of consumption liquid-modern. As a main result of practice held the participation of students and the reflections made in situations involving everyday themes of economic reality around them and that generally passes unnoticed of individuals-consumers.

Keywords: Financial Education; Financial Mathematics; Scenarios for Investigation.
Identificação e classificação de estudos históricos correlatos à organização curricular de cursos de matemática no Brasil
Authors: Machado Suélen Rita Andrade , Trivizoli Lucieli Maria
Published: March 2020

Resumo: Neste artigo de revisão bibliográfica, identificamos e classificamos estudos relacionados à organização histórica e curricular de cursos de Matemática de instituições superiores no Brasil. A identificação dos trabalhos ocorreu no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações do banco de dados da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Na primeira etapa selecionamos trabalhos relacionados à área da Matemática, e submetemos esses a uma pré-leitura ou leitura de reconhecimento com a finalidade de obter uma visão global do tema tratado. Escolhemos então, trabalhos correlatos e procuramos elencar seu objeto de estudo, objetivos, métodos e resultados. Posteriormente, classificamos os trabalhos nos campos investigativos em História da Matemática, História da Educação Matemática e História na Educação Matemática. Por fim, identificamos a relevância da classificação desses trabalhos, enquanto produto do conhecimento de práticas sociais investigativas relativas à História da Matemática, uma vez que reafirmam a autonomia desse campo de pesquisa.Palavras-chave: Cursos de Matemática; Currículos dos Cursos de Matemática; História da Educação Matemática. Describing and classification of historical studies related to the organization of mathematics courses in BrazilAbstract: In this bibliographical review, we identify and classify historical studies related to the historical and curricular organization of Mathematics courses of higher institutions in Brazil. The identification of researches published in the Catalog of Dissertations and Theses of the database of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). In the first step we selected researches related to the field of Mathematics and subjected them to a pre-reading or recognitional reading in order to get a global view of the theme. We then choose related researches and seek to list their object of study, objectives, methods and results. Subsequently, we classified the researches in the investigative fields of History of Mathematics, History of Mathematical Education and History in Mathematical Education. Finally, we understand the relevance of the identification and classification of these researches, as a product of knowledge of investigative social practices related to the History of Mathematics, while they reaffirm the autonomy of this field of research.Keywords: Math courses; Mathematics Courses Curriculum; History of Mathematical Education.
Evaluasi Jaringan Stasiun Hujan di Wilayah Sungai Dumoga Sangkub
Authors: Harifa Ayisya Cindy , Charits Moh , Setiono Joko , Khamim Moch
Published: March 2020

Rainfall data always use in analytical process. Errors in monitoring hydrological data in a watershed will result in incorrect analysis and result in inefficient and effective planning, research and management of water resources. The quality and basic data that will be used for an analysis is very dependent on the distribution of existing hydrological posts in monitoring hydrological characteristics accurately and correctly. The purpose of network evaluation is to find out the distribution and condition of rain stations, so that a new rain station recommendation will be obtained, with distributions that already represent each watershed. Rain station distribution analysis uses the WMO (World Meteorological Organization) method, to evaluate the existing rain station using the Kagan rodda method. According to the analysis of WMO density and Polygon Thiessen Map, the distribution of the rain stations in the Dumoga Sangkub river area is quite evenly distributed, but does not yet represent each Watershed. The results of the Kagan Rodda analysis stated that only 7 rain stations met the kagan criteria, i.e: Pusian, Toraut, Andigile Buko, Bolangitan – Paku, Lolak – Solog, Moayat, Buyat – Buyat. The results of the kagan analysis also recommend 19 new station points through each watershed.ABSTRAK Data hujan sangat sering digunakan dalam proses analisa. Analisa hidrologi memerlukan data dasar yang benar, data dasar akan berdampak besar dalam proses perencanaan dan penelitian dalam sumberdaya air, sehingga hasil yang didapat akan lebih optimum.. Sebaran pos hidrologi akan menentukan tingkat kualitas analisa hidrologi. Tujuan evaluasi jaringan adalah mengetahui sebaran dan kondisi pos hujan, sehingga akan didapatkan rekomendasi stasiun hujan yang baru, dengan sebagaran yang sudah mewakili setiap daerah aliran sungai. Dalam penelitian ini Metode WMO (World Meteorological Organization) dirasa tepat untuk menggambarkan sebaran stasiun hujan. Sedangkan untuk mengevaluasi stasiun hujan eksisting menggunakan metode Kagan rodda. Berdasarkan analisa kerapatan WMO dan Peta Polygon Thiessen, Sebaran stasiun hujan di wilayan sungai Dumoga Sangkub sudah cukup merata, akan tetapi belum mewakili setiap Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS). Hasil analisa Kagan Rodda menyatakan hanya 7 stasiun hujan yang memenuhi kriteria kagan, yaitu stasiun Pusian, Toraut, Andigile Buko, Bolangitan – Paku, Lolak – Solog, Moayat, Buyat – Buyat. Hasil analisa kagan juga merekomendasikan 19 titik stasiun baru yang tersebar diseluruh DAS.Kata kunci : jaringan; stasiun hujan; kagan rodda
HYGIENIC CONDITIONS OF SUPPLEMENTARY EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND HEALTH OF CHILDREN
Authors: Gritsina O. P. , Trankovskaya L. V , Perelomova O. V. , Tarasenko G. A. , Anischenko E. B.
Published: March 2020

The aim: hygienic assessment of the conditions of stay and the study of the health status of children attending supplementary educational organizations (SEO). Methods: We performed comprehensive sanitary and hygienic examination of SEO and analysed children's health using the data from the "Children's Medical Records for Educational Institutions" (registration form 026 / у-2000). Incidence, prevalence and structure of chronic pathology as well as anthropometric characteristics were studied using the centile method based on regional standards. Results. The proportion of children with frequent acute diseases was lower among children attending SEO than among schoolchildren without additional educational load: 34.4% vs. 15.6% in group 1(p = 0,015); 12,5 % - in the 2nd (рх2 = 0,004); 10,9 % in the 3rd group (рх2 = 0,002). Better health indicators among children visiting SEO were observed. We found statistically significant differences in the proportion of schoolchildren caliber without deviations in physical development, in the prevalence of chronic pathology, as well as in the number of children belonging to the first and the second health groups. Correlation analysis showed the presence of significant associations between the number of SEO visitors and the number of chronic diseases in a child, as well as inverse correlation between the level of the dynamic component in the classes and the formation of chronic pathology. Conclusions. We observed an effect of the number of SEO visitors and the feedback effect of the level of the dynamic component in the study structure on the development of chronic pathology in children (the proportion of the variance of the studied parameters was 2-4 %).
ANALYSIS OF CHILD DISABILITY IN AREAS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF ANTHROPO-TECHNOGENIC LOAD IN VORONEZH CITY
Authors: Myachina O. V. , Esaulenko I. E. , Puzin S. N. , Achkasov E. E
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study was to describe the structure of children's disability living in Voronezh city in districts with differing degree of anthropo-technogenic load. Methods. The anthro-potechnogenic load in the city was analyzed using the information from the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of the Voronezh Region. The structure of disability in children was studied according to the reporting form No. 19 "Information on Children with Disabilities" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for the period from 2009 to 2017. Results. According to the degree of anthropo-technogenic load in Voronezh, a relatively clean Central District (CD) and a dysfunctional industrial Left Bank district (LBD) have been identified. It was stated that environmental pollution in the city is caused by toxicants of the air (54 % of all cases), soil (19 %), drinking water (15 %) and noise level (12 %). In the structure of disability in children living both in the CD and LBD diseases of the nervous system, congenital abnormalities, diseases of the ear and mastoid process and endocrine pathology prevail. The number of disabled people during the study period is higher among boys in both areas. There is a decrease in the age of registration of children's disability. In 2017, relative to 2009, the level of general disability decreases, but the rate of primary disability increases. The level of general and newly discovered disability among the children's population differs slightly, despite the fact that the studied populations are subjected to different aero-technogenic loads and are comparable with other regions of the Russian Federation. Conclusion. The study results can be used for development of preventive measures for the children's population of Voronezh city.
THE USE OF A POPULAITON-BASED BIRTH REGISTRY TO STUDY INFANT MORTALITY IN AN ARCTIC RUSSIAN SETTING
Authors: Usynina A. A. , Postoev V. A. , Pastbina I. M. , Odland J. O. , Grjibovski A. M.
Published: March 2020

The paper presents experience in probabilistic linkage of the records in the Arkhangelsk County Birth Registry with regional infant mortality data. Practical issues of the procedure of independent depersonalized datasets linkage are discussed. Two datasets have similar indirect identifiers that were used to match the records. The combined database contains information on maternal health and pregnancy outcome as well as infant health. Also, it includes data on infant's age at death and cause of death. Our experience can be useful for researchers dealing with registry-based studies in settings where personal identification numbers are not available. Linked data sets give an opportunity to explore risk factors of neonatal and infant death and to investigate survival in newborns having different health problems, including prematurity. Our experience can be used for development of large birth cohorts using the data from the population-based birth registries in the Russian North as baseline for studying long-term effects of factors during pregnancy on health later in life.
Performance Analysis Of Information System/Information Technology using COBIT 4.1
Authors: Purnama Dian Elvana , Wijaya Agustinus Fritz , Cahyono Ariya Dwika
Published: March 2020

The application of information technology to organizations is being promoted. Performance measurement of Information Systems / Information Technology (SI / IT) in companies needs special attention, because the procurement consciousness of IS / IT is expected to provide great benefits to the company. This study aims to determine the extent of the performance of information systems that have been applied to PT Global Infotech Solution and provide recommendations for improved governance after knowing the Gap between current governance and expected management in accordance with the framework used. The framework used in this study is COBIT version 4.1 specifically on Domain Plan and Organize. The technique of data collection is done by observation and interviews with predetermined sources in accordance with the domain and Control Objective used. At this stage, an assessment based on maturity level is carried out to measure the level of IT maturity in the chosen domain based on the results of interviews and observations made previously, then a gap analysis is performed to determine the gap between the results of the current maturity level and the target maturity level going forward. The results of this study are to determine the level of maturity (maturity level) in special companies in the PO Domain, which is at level 2.7 which means it has been measured and integrated between the processes that take place. And GAP analysis between conditions. expected with current conditions an average of 1.3.
Population Distribution Information System in Tugumulyo District
Authors: Syazili Ahmad , Bakti Ahmad Mutatkin
Published: March 2020

Information on population data is quite important information for stakeholders. Information on population data is often used in various ways such as aiding, or government activities related to population data. The information that is often needed is related to the actual existence of the population in order to conduct a census or other social interests. For this reason, in this study the development of a population mapping information system in Tugumulyo sub-district was made as an effort to provide information to the public regarding population data. In the process of developing information systems, web engineering development methods are used. Web engineering method is a method used to develop a web-based information system. The results of the development in the form of a population distribution information system with the main features of population data information are presented in the form of tables, graphics and maps. In addition, the information displayed can be seen based on the sub-district and also the village or village in the sub-district
Effectiveness of Workshop on Hand Washing Techniques among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Quasi Experimental Study
Authors: Mohamad Noor Asikime Binti , Muda Kasmini Che , Khadir Siti Nor Asiah Ab , Suchi Umiaziente , Dioso Regidor III
Published: March 2020

Background: Compliance with the performance of correct and effective hand hygiene has not been adequate among undergraduate nursing students, in clinical settings. Aim: That is why this study evaluated if a hand washing workshop can effectively enhance the performance of hand washing among undergraduate nursing students. Method: A total of 15 participants were enrolled from a group of undergraduate nursing students; selected using simple random sampling. These participants primarily did a workshop on the 12-step of hand washing procedure based on the guidelines adapted from the World Health Organization. Their hand washing performance was evaluated before (pre-test) and after (posttest) the workshop using an observation checklist. Results: There was a significant effectiveness of work shop on hand washing techniques (p0.0046). Conclusion: Therefore, a hand washing workshop was an effective strategy in enhancing the skills of nursing students in effectively performing hand hygiene. A periodic re-education workshop or program regarding hand hygiene was recommended for health care personnel across all levels in order to maintain the quality of hand hygiene performance.
LAPAROSCOPIC, OPEN AND TRANSANAL MESORECTAL EXCISION IN RECTAL CANCER SURGERY
Authors: Khilkov Yu. S. , Chernyshov S. V. , Majnovskaya O. A. , Kazieva L. Yu. , Ponomarenko A. A. , Rybakov E. G.
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCTION: there are no studies comparing laparoscopic, open, and transanal mesorectal excision for rectal cancer.

AIM: to compare quality of total mesorectal excision (TME) according to the P. Quirke protocol, to assess circular resection margins (CRM), to assess distal resection margins (DRM) and perioperative morbidity.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: prospective study was performed to compare the effectiveness of different methods of TME.

RESULTS: eighty-eight patients were included in the study, 29 – in the laparoscopic (LA TME) group, 29 – in the open TME group, 30 – in the transanal (TA TME) group. The groups were comparable in clinical, demographic and tumor parameters. There was no significant difference between LA TME, open TME and TA TME in quality of mesorectal excision (p=0.67). There was also no significant difference in rates of positive CRM and positive DRM (p=0.38). No significant difference was obtained between intraoperative and postoperative complications rates (p=0.38; p=0.45). CONCLUSION: all three methods of TME showed the same results for quality, circular and distal resection margins and perioperative morbidity.
RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLICATIONS OF ILEAL POUCH IN PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: Achkasov S. I. , Sushkov O. I. , Kulikov A. E. , Binnatli Sh. A. , Nagudov M. A. , Vardanyan A. V.
Published: March 2020

AIM: to reveal risk factors of complications after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in ulcerative colitis (UC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: from September 2011 by July 2018, 144 patients, who underwent IPAA surgery for UC were included in the study. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to reveal the risk factors for complication of IPAA, such as pouchitis, cuffitis, pouch fistulas, anastomotic stricture, pouch leakage, bleeding from IPAA, incontinence and small bowel obstruction (SBO).

RESULTS: multivariate regression analysis showed that left-sided UC (OR=12,5, 95% CI 1,7-92, p=0,01), patient's age ≤33 years (OR=5,7, 95% CI 1,54-21,3, p=0,009) and hormone-free period before the IPAA ≤10 months (OR=6,86, 95% CI 1,49-31,56, p=0,01) were associated with cuffitis. The fibrotic changes/wound infection in the anal canal (OR=5,02, 95% CI 1,02-24,69, p=0,04) and albumin <35 g/l (OR=8,11, 95% CI 2,12-30,99, p=0,002) were associated with fistulas. Time between IPAA formation and preventive ileostomy closure >5,6 months was associated with SBO (OR=2,82, 95% CI 1,01-8,31, p=0,0495). Steroid therapy at the time of IPAA surgery was associated with pouch leakage (OR=15,62, 95% CI 2,09116,64, p=0,007). Hand-sewn IPAA (OR=42,54, 95% CI 3,51-516,43, p=0,003) were associated with incontinence. Ulcerative defects in the distal part of the rectum according to transrectal ultrasound were associated with anastomotic stricture (OR=10,46, 95% CI 1,52-71,75, p=0,017). There were no statistically significant risk factors for pouchitis and IPAA bleeding.

CONCLUSION: determination of the risk factors for complications of IPAA is a crucial clinical issue for patients with UC. We identified several factors associated with increased risk of complications after pouch formation. Nevertheless, it seems promising to continue the study in order to create the mathematical model that predicts the development of a specific pouch-related complication and determines a group of patients with UC in whom the formation of IPAA is not recommended due to high risk of complications and impaired quality of life.
BEYOND IMAGINATION: INTEGRATED IMAGING APPROACH TO PELVIC FLOOR DISORDERS
Authors: Santoro Giulio A.
Published: March 2020

Pelvic floor disorders (PFD) represents a significant social and economic problem involving about 25% of women older than 60 years with a 13% lifetime risk of undergoing surgery for PFD. Optimal management is impossible without comprehensive assessment of pelvic floor and multimodal approach. A combination of ultrasonic methods has several advantages (low cost, wide accessibility and availability, office procedure performed by clinicians, intraoperative technique, relatively time consuming, good compliance) and should be performed as first-line assessment in PFD.
Control of a Supersonic Inlet in Off-Design Conditions with Plasma Actuators and Bleed
Authors: Ferrero Andrea
Published: March 2020

Supersonic inlets are a key component of present and future air-breathing propulsion systems for high-speed flight. The inlet design is challenging because of several phenomena that must be taken under control: shock waves, boundary layer separation and unsteadiness. Furthermore, the intensity of these phenomena is strongly influenced by the working conditions and so active control systems can be particularly useful in off-design conditions. In this work, a mixed compression supersonic inlet with a double wedge ramp is considered. The flow field was numerically investigated at different values of Mach number. The simulations show that large separations appear at the higher Mach numbers on both the upper and lower walls of the duct. In order to improve the performances of the inlet two different control strategies were investigated: plasma actuators and bleed. Different locations of the plasma actuator are considered in order to also apply this technology to configurations with a diverter which prevents boundary layer ingestion. The potential of the proposed solutions is investigated in terms of total pressure recovery, flow distortion and power consumption.
The Effectiveness of the Application of a Chemical Agent (Dressing) to Seed Potatoes by Means of an Innovative Valve Enabling Intermittent Flow of a Liquid
Authors: Gierz Łukasz , Przybył Krzysztof , Koszela Krzysztof , Markowski Piotr
Published: March 2020

The protection of potatoes from pests and diseases, especially at an early stage of their development, is an indispensable element of cultivation. Pesticides are most commonly used for protection, but their high doses may adversely affect the natural environment, including soil and water. This study compares the losses of a chemical agent emitted during the dressing of seed potatoes by means of an innovative valve enabling intermittent outflow of the liquid and by means of a standard valve with a continuous outflow. The research proved that the intermittent outflow of the working liquid decreased the amount of the chemical agent emitted into the environment ten times. The article also describes the site at which the innovative valve was tested and compares the results of laboratory tests for three distances of the sprayer from the potato fall path (50, 100, 150 mm) and four different pressures of the working liquid (1–4 kPa). The research showed that the amount of losses, i.e., emissions of the chemical agent into the environment from the innovative valve (intermittent stream of the working liquid) depended on the difference in the air and liquid pressure. The solution is environmentally friendly. The results showed that the distance between the sprayer valve and the seed potato falling path had minimal influence on the amount of the agent left on the surface of seed potatoes when a continuous stream was applied, but it had considerable influence when an intermittent stream was applied. The distance had negative effect on the ratio of retention of the applied liquid at pressures of 100 and 200 kPa, but it had positive effect at pressures of 300 and 400 kPa (at an intermittent flow). When a continuous stream was applied and the distance between the spray valve and the seed potato falling path increased from 100 to 150 mm, it had positive effect on the retention coefficient for all the four pressures tested (100, 200, 300, 400 kPa).
Optimizing Nitrogen Fertigation Rates for Young Southern Highbush Blueberry
Authors: Fang Yang , Williamson Jeffrey , Darnell Rebecca , Li Yuncong , Liu Guodong
Published: March 2020

The commercial blueberry industry in Florida has expanded significantly in both acreage and value in the past several years. The southern highbush blueberry (SHB, Vaccinium corymbosum L. interspecific hybrid) is the major blueberry type grown in Florida. The nitrogen (N) demand of young SHB differs from the northern highbush blueberry (NHB, V. corymbosum L.) and from mature blueberry plants. The objective of this study was to optimize fertigated N rates for the growth and yield of young SHB plants. One-year-old ‘Emerald’ and ‘Farthing’ plants were fertilized with 32N-0P-0K through drip irrigation at annual rates of 0, 42, 84, 168, and 336 kg N ha−1. Soil nitrate levels at multiple depths were measured along with leaf nutrient concentration, percent canopy ground cover, fruit yield and fruit quality. The results indicated that N rates had no significant effect on leaf nutrient concentrations. Greater N rates advanced bloom and harvest, increased percentage of ground cover (an indicator of canopy size), fruit yield and berry numbers per plant, but decreased mean berry diameter and weight. The soil nitrate results from both ‘Emerald’ and ‘Farthing’ revealed that the 336 kg N ha−1 treatment had a significantly greater risk for nitrate leaching than the lower N treatments in spring. The effect of N rates on fruit quality varied with cultivar and harvest season. The linear plateau regression of fruit yield and N rates indicated that the maximum yield reached at the annual N fertigation rate of 222 kg ha−1 for ‘Emerald’ and 206 kg ha−1 for ‘Farthing’.
Sesquiterpenes-Rich Essential Oil from Above Ground Parts of Pulicaria somalensis Exhibited Antioxidant Activity and Allelopathic Effect on Weeds
Authors: Assaeed Abdulaziz , Elshamy Abdelsamed , El Gendy Abd El-Nasser , Dar Basharat , Al-Rowaily Saud , Abd-ElGawad Ahmed
Published: March 2020

Pulicaria genus (fleabane) is characterized by its fragrant odor due to the presence of essential oil (EO). According to the literature reviews, the EO of Pulicaria somalensis O.Hoffm. (Shie) is still unexplored. For the first time, 71 compounds were characterized in EO derived from above-ground parts of P. somalensis collected from Saudi Arabia. Sesquiterpenes represented the main components (91.8%), along with minor amounts of mono-, diterpenes, and hydrocarbons. Juniper camphor (24.7%), α-sinensal (7.7%), 6-epi-shyobunol (6.6%), α-zingiberene (5.8%), α-bisabolol (5.3%), and T-muurolol (4.7%) were characterized as main constituents. The correlation analysis between different Pulicaria species showed that P. somalensis has a specific chemical pattern of the EO, thereby no correlation was observed with other reported Pulicaria species. The EO showed significant allelopathic activity against the weeds of Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. (crowfoot grass) and Bidens pilosa L. (hairy beggarticks). The IC50 value on the germination of D. aegyptium was double that of B. pilosa. The IC50 values on the root growth of B. pilosa and D. aegyptium were 0.6 mg mL−1 each, while the shoot growths were 1.0 and 0.7 mg mL−1, respectively. This variation in the activity could be attributed to the genetic characteristics of the weeds. Moreover, the EO exhibited significant antioxidant effects compared to ascorbic acid. Further studies are necessary to verify if these biological activities of the EO could be attributable to its major compounds.
Starch Accumulation and Granule Size Distribution of Cassava cv. Rayong 9 Grown under Irrigated and Rainfed Conditions Using Different Growing Seasons
Authors: Janket Anon , Vorasoot Nimitr , Toomsan Banyong , Kaewpradit Wanwipa , Jogloy Sanun , Theerakulpisut Piyada , Holbrook C. Corley , Kvien Craig K. , Banterng Poramate
Published: March 2020

Although cassava can be planted throughout the year, its starch qualities may vary based on the date of planting. Seasonal variation on starch content, starch yield, starch granule size and amylose content of cassava cv. Rayong 9 grown under irrigated and rainfed conditions were studied for four planting dates in Thailand. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used in each planting. Planting dates consisted of hot-dry (20-Apr), early-rainy (30-Jun), late-rainy (5-Oct) and cool seasons (15-Dec). At final harvest, planting date accounted for the largest variations for starch yield (60.8%), starch granule size (38.2%), amylose content (50.5%) and ratio of amylose to amylopectin (53.7%), whereas starch content was affected more by water regime (52.1%). Supplemental irrigation did not significantly increase starch yield and other parameters for most planting dates, except for starch yield of the crop planted in the hot-dry season. This indicated that irrigation at the late-growth stages (during Sep to Mar) for the crop planted in the hot-dry season helped to increase starch yield; however, irrigation was unnecessary for other planting dates once cassava was established. The crops planted in the late-rainy and cool seasons had a greater starch content and starch yield than other planting dates for both irrigated and rainfed crops, whereas the crop planted in the hot-dry season had high starch yield for the irrigated crops only. In this study, the crops planted in the early-rainy season showed the worst performances for starch content and starch yield for both irrigated and rainfed crops. The data provided information on the responses of starch yield and its characteristics under irrigated and rainfed conditions at different planting dates, which can be useful for designing cultural practices with respect to water management and planting period in order to obtain optimum starch yield and qualities.
Temporal Patterns of Flowering and Pod Set of Determinate Soybean in Response to High Temperature
Authors: Kim Yean-Uk , Choi Doug-Hwan , Ban Ho-Young , Seo Beom-Seok , Kim Junhwan , Lee Byun-Woo
Published: March 2020

Global warming is expected to affect yield-determining factors of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), including the number of flowers and pods. However, little is known about the effects of high temperature on the temporal patterns of flowering and pod set. Experiments in the temperature-controlled greenhouses were conducted to examine the temporal pattern of flowering in determinate soybean cultivar “Sinpaldalkong” and to assess the effects of high temperature on the flower number, pod-set ratio, and pod number of the early- and late-opened-flowers and their contributions to overall pod number. The experiment comprised five sowing dates in 2013–2015 and four temperature treatments, namely ambient temperature (AT), AT + 1.5 °C, AT + 3.0 °C, and AT + 5.0 °C. Flowering duration (i.e., days between the first flowering and the last flowering) was extended by higher temperature and earlier sowing. The temporal distribution of flowering showed a bimodal distribution except for the experiment with the shortest flowering duration, i.e., second sowing in 2014. More flowers were produced in the late flowering period at high temperatures; however, most of these late-opened-flowers failed to reproduce, regardless of temperature conditions, resulting in a negligible contribution to the overall pod number. For the early-opened-flowers, the number of flowers was not significantly affected by temperature, while the pod-set ratio and pod number decreased with high temperatures resulting in a decrease in the overall pod number at temperatures above 29.4 °C.
Adaptive Grain Yield Patterns of Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) Cultivars in Six Regions of Poland
Authors: Derejko Adriana , Studnicki Marcin , Wójcik-Gront Elżbieta , Gacek Edward
Published: March 2020

The recommendation of cultivars for a larger number of locations relies on similar agricultural environment or similar crop yield obtained in these locations. There are many studies on the impact of environmental conditions on the yield of cultivars of agricultural crops and recommendation for their cultivation. However, there is little research on triticale in comparison to other cereals. We presented the influence of the cultivar, location nested in region, year, and their interactions on triticale grain yield separately for two levels of crop management intensity. In this work, we checked compatibility in the rankings of cultivars between six regions and compatibility in the rankings of cultivars between locations belonging to the same region. The results indicated a large variation in the rankings of cultivars between locations in the regions, i.e., the ranking of cultivars in locations belonging to the same region was different. We observed low compatibility in rankings between locations for both crop management intensities. The low compatibility of cultivar rankings in trial locations also translates into low precision when determining regions. This means that the process of recommending cultivars to environments should be constantly checked and improved. In addition, using GGE biplot and measure of yield superiority (Pi) we presented an adaptive response of 12 cultivars in six regions at two levels of crop management intensity and their stability during five growing seasons.
Grazing Seasons and Stocking Rates Affects the Relationship between Herbage Traits of Alpine Meadow and Grazing Behaviors of Tibetan Sheep in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Xiao Xiang , Zhang Tao , Peter Angerer Jay , Hou Fujiang
Published: March 2020

Under the combined effect of stocking rate and grazing season, it is very significant to ascertain whether there is a quantitative relationship between plant community characteristics, chemical composition of forage, and grazing behaviors of Tibetan sheep to better utilize native pasture in the northeast region of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP). The two consecutive year observation experiments on Tibetan sheep’s grazing behavior were conducted to evaluate the above-stated relationships between stocking rates of 8 sheep/ha and 16 sheep/ha stocking rates in the both the warm and cold seasons. The results demonstrated that at 8 sheep/ha or in the warm season, due to better forage quality, Tibetan sheep had higher herbage mass, forage crude protein (CP) concentration, CP intake, dry matter intake (DMI), and interval between feed boluses and total number of steps, as well as lower fiber concentration than that at 16 sheep/ha or in the cold season. Diurnal intake rate and walking velocity while intaking increased as both average daylight ambient temperature and relative humidity rose. Using the CP concentration, acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentration, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration, and forage metabolic energy (ME) to predict grazing behavior yielded the best fit equation for Tibetan sheep. For local herdsmen to sustainably use the alpine meadow, 8 sheep/ha in the warm season should be considered as the better grazing condition for preventing grassland degradation.
Effect of Antibiotic, Phytobiotic and Probiotic Supplementation on Growth, Blood Indices and Intestine Health in Broiler Chicks Challenged with Clostridium perfringens
Authors: Hussein Elsayed O. S. , Ahmed Shamseldein H. , Abudabos Alaeldein M. , Aljumaah Mashael R. , Alkhlulaifi Manal M. , Nassan Mohamed A. , Suliman Gamaleldin M. , Naiel Mohammed A. E. , Swelum Ayman A.
Published: March 2020

This study evaluated the effects of feed additives on the growth, blood biochemistry and intestinal health of broiler chicks. A total of 378 of broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allotted to seven groups. Chicks were fed a basal diet with 0.0 (control negative), 0.0 (control positive), 0.1, 0.5, 0.12, 0.5 + 0.12 and 0.2 g Kg−1 of Maxus, CloStat, Sangrovit Extra, CloStat + Sangrovit Extra and Gallipro Tech, respectively for 35 days. After 15 days, the chicks were inoculated with Clostridium perfringens. All feed additives were found to enhance growth performance and feed efficiency. The best feed conversion ratio was found in the Negative Control, CloStat + Sangrovit Extra and Gallipro Tect groups, respectively. A notable increase in villus length, total villus area, small intestine weight, ilium weight and total lesion score was found in chicks supplemented with Bacillus subtilis. Besides, the dietary inclusion of phytobiotic compounds showed potential in reducing the serum Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration and increasing the glucose levels. All intestine and liver histopathological signs were reduced in chicks fed a probiotic-supplemented diet. Our findings indicate that supplementation with probiotics and phytobiotics alone or in combined form can be used to enhance performance, intestine health and blood constituents against C. perfringens infection in broiler chicks.
Effects of Dietary Fatty Acids from Different Sources on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Muscle Fatty Acid Deposition, and Antioxidant Capacity in Broilers
Authors: Long Shenfei , Liu Sujie , Wu Di , Mahfuz Shad , Piao Xiangshu
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of dietary fatty acids from various sources on growth performance, meat quality, muscle fatty acid deposition and antioxidant capacity in broilers. 126 Arbor Acres broilers (1 d-old, initial body weight of 45.5 ± 0.72 g) were randomly assigned to three treatments with seven cages per treatment and six broilers per cage. The dietary treatments included: (1) corn–soybean meal basal diet containing 3% soybean oil (control diet, CTL); (2) basal diet + 1% microalgae + 1% linseed oil + 1% soybean oil (ML); (3) basal diet + 2% fish oil + 1% soybean oil (FS). The trial consisted of phase 1 (day 1 to 21) and 2 (day 22 to 42). Compared with CTL, broilers fed ML or FS diet showed improved (p < 0.05) average daily gain in phase 1, 2, and overall (day 1 to 42), as well as a decreased (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio in phase 1 and overall. On day 42, broilers supplemented with FS diet showed increased (p ≤ 0.05) the relative weights of pancreas and liver, as well as higher (p < 0.05) redness value in breast and thigh muscle compared with CTL. Broilers offered ML or FS diet had lower (p < 0.05) the relative weight of abdominal fat and total serum cholesterol content in phase 1, and increased (p < 0.05) contents of serum glucose, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), eicosacagetaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity, as well as lower (p < 0.05) concentrations of malondialdehyde, n-6 PUFA, and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in breast and thigh muscle compared with CTL. This research indicates that diets supplemented with fish oil or a combination of microalgae and linseed oil experience improved performance, antioxidant capacities and n-3 PUFA profile in muscle of broilers compared with traditional soybean oil supplemented diets
Mammary Transcriptome Profile during Peak and Late Lactation Reveals Differentially Expression Genes Related to Inflammation and Immunity in Chinese Holstein
Authors: Han Ziyin , Fan Yongliang , Yang Zhangping , Loor Juan J. , Yang Yi
Published: March 2020

Somatic cell count (SCC) in milk is widely used in the dairy industry, as an indicator of the health of mammary gland. While the SCC of dairy cattle was higher in late lactation than in peak lactation, its association with gene expressions of mammary gland were largely unknown. In this study, a transcriptomic sequencing approach and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate the differential expressed genes (DEGs) associated with inflammation and immunity between peak and late periods of lactation in Chinese Holstein. A total of 446 DEGs (padj < 0.05 and fold change >2) were identified, 50 of which belonged to seven pathways and five terms related to inflammation and immunity. Our data suggested that the activation of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway caused inflammatory response, and the activation of chemokine signaling pathway and cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction signaling pathway caused a protective immune response to ensure dairy cows health during late lactation. Our findings deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanism and physiological functions of mammary inflammation in Chinese Holstein during late lactation.