bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SRY-GENE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF GONADAL DYSGENESIS. SWIER’S SYNDROME
Authors: J.D. Dzhumagulova , M. Adilov , G.N. Abbasova
Published: April 2022

Annotation: Swier's syndrome is a genetic disorder, a variant of hypogonadism with a 46 XY karyotype, in which complete or "pure" dysgenesis of the testicles is observed, a female phenotype is formed with a male genotype. It is a congenital disorder associated with the Y chromosome. Swier's syndrome is usually associated with a genetic variant of testicular dysgenesis associated with mutations in the SRY gene (Sex-determining Region Y) located on the Y-chromosome of most mammals, and is involved in the development of the male-type organism (locus Yp11.3). The SRY gene, localized on the short arm of the Y chromosome, is usually expressed by 7-8 weeks of embryogenesis, triggering a signal for the differentiation of Sertoli cells, germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules, and Leydig cells. During physiological embryogenesis, AMH (anti-Müllerian hormone) is released in Sertoli cells, leading to regression of the Müllerian ducts, and in Leydig cells stimulated by placental chorionic gonadotropin (CG), and then by their own luteinizing hormone (LH), an increasing amount of testosterone is secreted. The SRY gene encodes the protein TDF (testisdeterminingfactor), a transcription factor that regulates the expression of other genes, which in turn encodes transcription factors that initiate the development of the male reproductive system in the embryonic period. During spermatogenesis during meiosis, the Y chromosome can lose SRY by transferring this gene to the X chromosome. In the absence of full-fledged genetic material (in particular, the expression of the SRY gene), the formation of functionally active testicular tissue is impossible. The lack of secretion of anti-Müllerian hormone leads to the development of Müllerian ducts, from which the uterus, upper vagina and fallopian tubes are formed. Thus, despite the male 46 XY karyotype, the external and internal reproductive organs of the fetus are formed by the female. In this literature review, the defects of the genes responsible for the varieties and clinical manifestations of Swier's syndrome are analyzed.
THE ROLE OF MICRORNA-153 IN THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF MALIGNANT PROSTATE TUMORS
Authors: G.R. Giljazova , Je.K. Husnutdinova
Published: April 2022

Введение. Рак предстательной железы (РПЖ) – одно из наиболее часто встречающихся злокачественных новообразований у мужчин во всем мире [2]. В РФ за последние 10 лет показатели заболеваемости РПЖ увеличились в 2,23 раза [1]. Примерно у одной трети пациентов опухоль после первоначальной регрессии в ответ на терапию депривацией андрогенов рецидивирует и, в конечном итоге, метастазирует через периневральную и стромальную инвазию [11]. Несмотря на современные достижения в хирургических, химио- и радиологических методах лечения, пятилетняя выживаемость у пациентов с резистентностью к кастрации составляет примерно 31% [10]. Большинство смертей, связанных с раком простаты, происходит из-за неспособности существующих методов лечения ограничить опухоль внутри железы [5].
В настоящее время для диагностики РПЖ применяют пальцевое ректальное исследование и анализ уровня простатического специфического антигена (ПСА). Однако, медицинское и научное сообщества ставят под сомнение рутинное тестирование на ПСА [8]. ПСА обладает высокой чувствительностью, но очень низкой специфичностью для РПЖ. Данный показатель может повышаться при доброкачественных заболеваниях простаты, наличии инфекций, воспаления или доброкачественной гиперплазии. Таким образом, рутинное тестирование ПСА приводит к высокому проценту ложно-положительных результатов. Более того, уровни ПСА плохо коррелируют со стадией заболевания, что приводит к неверным диагнозам и избыточному лечению индолентных форм РПЖ [3]. Учитывая все вышеизложенное, существует необходимость в новых молекулярно-генетических маркерах, способных как обнаружить заболевание на самой ранней стадии, так и предсказать его течение. Одними из наиболее перспективных маркеров считаются микроРНК. Открытие малых некодирующих РНК обеспечило концептуальный прорыв в исследовании рака. МикроРНК – малые некодирующие РНК (19–22 нуклетидов), осуществляющие посттранскрипционную регуляцию экспрессии генов. В настоящее время появляется все больше данных, что микроРНК связаны с инициацией, развитием, продвижением и прогрессированием злокачественных новообразований. Нарушения экспрессии микроРНК идентифицированы при различных онкологических заболеваниях, в том числе онкоурологических и накопление данных указывает на то, что микроРНК функционируют как классические онкогены или гены-супрессоры опухолей
[4; 5; 7].
Целью настоящего исследования была сравнительная оценка уровня экспрессии микроРНК-153 в опухолевой и нормальной ткани простаты у пациентов с метастатическим РПЖ и начальными стадиями заболевания.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF EXPRESS ANALYSIS OF DRINKING WATER IN RELATION TO THE INCIDENCE OF COVID-19 IN BOYS AND GIRLS AGED 21-22 YEARS
Authors: А.А. Kaloshina , E.D. Tcelykh
Published: April 2022

Annotation: To date, the problem of drinking water quality and its impact on human health has been widely covered. Thus, in 2020-2021, 600 samples were examined in 5 districts of Khabarovsk by conducting an express analysis of drinking water of centralized water supply for qualitative and semi-quantitative determination of рН, NO2─, NO3─, Cl─, GH as factors in the formation of COVID-19 morbidity in boys and girls aged 21-22. Such indicators as рН, NO2─, NO3─ and GH correspond to the standard in all districts and all seasons of 2020-2021. The characteristics of Cl─ in drinking water deviate from the standard to a greater or lesser extent, depending on the district of Khabarovsk and the 2020 season. While, in 2021, the Cl─ indicators correspond to the norm. The incidence of COVID-19 of students participating in the study living in different districts of Khabarovsk was also analyzed and the interdependence of the incidence of COVID-19 of boys and girls with some characteristics of drinking water indicators of centralized water supply was determined.
ROLE OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE IN EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS WITH HIV INFECTION. HISTORICAL REFERENCE
Authors: D.S. Kharina , A.D. Kudryavtsev , E.N. Moshkova , I.A. Znamenskiy , A.V. Sozykin , Yu.A. Shikhova , N.A. Novikova , D.V. Izimarieva , P.G. Emelyanov , A.V. Shlykov , L.M. Ulyanova
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This article provides a historical overview of the use of radionuclide methods for the diagnosis of HIV infection and its complications. Molecular imaging methods have been effectively used for a long period of time for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of lymphadenopathy and for the study of the biodistribution of a radiopharmaceutical, on the basis of which it is possible to indirectly track the dynamics of the patient's condition. Also, radionuclide diagnostic methods, in particular PET / CT, can detect malignant neoplasms, which are a frequent complication of HIV infection in the late stages. The works devoted to the determination of the possibilities of nuclear medicine in the diagnosis of HIV have had a significant impact on the development of modern radiation diagnostics of infectious diseases.
PROBLEMS OF STUDENT TRAINING IN PANDEMIC CONDITIONS IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND IN RUSSIA
Authors: O.I. Vorobieva , N.N. Zakharova
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The closure of educational institutions and the transfer of training to online format in the context of a pandemic has become very relevant both for the EU countries and for Russia. Using the example of the work of the Northern State Medical University with foreign students studying in Russia, we can analyze the situation in the educational process in the context of the global crisis. The administration of the university and teachers are looking for new forms of work to organize the training of foreign students, developing and implementing educational programs in a digital format. The COVID-19 epidemic has affected the work of teachers and students, highlighted the challenges of distance education related to the Internet, access to digital devices, willingness to work and study remotely. Teachers and students noted the difficulties associated with online learning. Only high-quality distance learning can provide effective search, analysis, processing and transmission of the necessary information using information technologies, including when solving professional problems.
Becoming braver through stanza format: Exploring intersecting identities beyond autistic
Authors: Thibert Dawn Louise
Published: April 2022

In this article, I reflect on my professional journey in multiple contexts, in particular when working with autism was new territory for me. I found it more ethical and easier to express complexity through stanza form. I convey the therapeutic journey of in particular two young people I have worked with, and I highlight other themes that I have come across, using generalised case examples.  I highlight issues of intersectionality, particularly around gender identity, sexuality, culture and racialised identities. Throughout I relay how I work in an ethical way, opening space to promote intersectional expressions in complexity. I reflect on how finding my stanza voice has helped me express complexities more effectively than in prose, using stanzas.
Rationalizing Critical Cost Overrun Factors on Public Sector Housing Programmes
Authors: Chadee Aaron Anil , Martin Hector Hugh , Mwasha Abrahams , Otuloge Festus
Published: April 2022

The cost overrun phenomenon on projects worldwide creates a major source of risk that warrants investigation. The prevailing factor school of thought provides strong empirical evidence that critical factors contributing to cost overruns are both context-specific and project-specific. Although many studies have been conducted identifying factors and causes of cost overruns, very few studies have investigated root causes. Additionally, a limited body of knowledge is available within the context of Small Island Development States (SIDS). To fill this gap, the objectives of this study were to identify and determine the main critical factors contributing to the cost overrun phenomenon in public sector social housing programmes (PSSHPs). These selected factors were thereafter categorized under leading root causes, and their severity was determined based on primary stakeholders’ perspectives. One hundred and twenty-three factors were identified from the literature, of which forty-one critical factors were extracted and grouped under four root causes based on a pilot survey of relevant public sector housing experts in the Trinidadian and Jamaican construction sectors. These refined factors and root causes were formulated into a questionnaire survey. One hundred and five responses were obtained from professionals who had a minimum of five years’ experience in various phases of public housing delivery. The severity of these critical factors was evaluated, ranked, and categorized using the relative importance index (RII) approach. The findings uncovered the leading root cause, which is political in nature. The top five critical factors are the selection of politically aligned contractors, the intentional design of inadequate contracts, the project actors' deliberately underestimating costs, the partisan project management team, and strategic misrepresentation. These findings are unique to SIDS and contribute to knowledge to reframe contemporary project management practices, which focus mainly on technical causes. Finally, as existing technical solutions are ineffective in curbing cost overruns in PSSHPs, these findings also inform public sector policymakers to focus on prioritization, control, and mitigation of political risks in formulating effective governance mechanisms. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-016 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Turbocharger Compression Ratio on Performance of the Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Alrwashdeh Saad S. , Al-falahat Ala’a M. , Murtadha Talib K.
Published: April 2022

Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) are one of the most important engineering applications that operate based on the conversion of chemical energy from fuel into thermal energy as a result of direct combustion. The obtained thermal energy is then turned into kinetic energy to derive various means of transportation, such as marine, air, and land vehicles. The efficiency of ICE today is considered in the range of the intermediate level, and various improvements are being made to enhance its efficiency. The turbocharger can support the ICE, which works by increasing the pressure in the engine to enhance its efficiency. In this investigation, the effect of the turbocharger pressure on ICE performance was studied in the range of 2 to 10 bar. It was found that the increase in turbocharger pressure enhanced the pressure inside the engine, positively affecting engine efficiency indicators. Therefore, the increase in turbocharger pressure is directly proportional to the ICE efficiency. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-04 Full Text: PDF
The Development of the Entrepreneurial Spirit Index: An Application of the Entrepreneurial Cognition Approach
Authors: Tripopsakul Suchart , Mokkhamakkul Tartat , Puriwat Wilert
Published: April 2022

Entrepreneurship has been recognized as one of the crucial mechanisms for a nation’s sustainable economic development. Entrepreneurship is a key engine that propels economic growth and employment opportunity creation. The purposes of this study are: (1) to develop and validate the Thailand Entrepreneurial Spirit Index (THESI) in combination with multidimensional entrepreneurial cognition scales, by examining the attitudes, motivations, and ambitions of individuals starting businesses; and (2) to investigate the impacts of a multitude of perception factors and demographic factors on entrepreneurial intent. Based on 1,180 samples of the Thai population collected via a telephone survey in 2021, the results of tetrachoric correlation and factor analysis showed that the THESI index can be formulated and explained by six variables: entrepreneurial intent (b = 0.690), opportunity recognition (b = 0.711), self-skill perception (b = 0.935), entrepreneurial networking (b = 0.743), perceived ease of doing business (b = 0.470), and fear of failure (b = –0.118). The results of binary logistic regression analysis revealed that opportunity recognition, self-skill perception, entrepreneurial networking, perceived ease of doing business, and fear of failure have significant effects on entrepreneurial intent. Interestingly, females are 36.6% less likely than males to declare entrepreneurial intent. Older adults over age 61 indicate significantly lower entrepreneurial intent, at 76.8%, compared with younger people 18 to 30 years old. The amount of formal education a person possesses has a considerable negative impact on their desire to start a business. The group of respondents holding above a bachelor’s degree sample shows 22.0% lower entrepreneurial intent than the group holding a bachelor’s degree or below. Our research is among the few pioneering efforts to provide an improved idea of how to quantify an unlikely, non-measurable concept: the entrepreneurial spirit. This novel THESI index will help national entrepreneurial policymakers evaluate the degrees of entrepreneurship at a societal level. The value of this THESI index relies upon applied simpler metrics to portray a key issue related to the interpretation of entrepreneurship at the societal level. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-03-05 Full Text: PDF
Reklam çevirisi ve çeviri stratejileri
Authors: ŞEVİK Nesrin
Published: April 2022

Önceleri dilbilimin bir alt alanı olarak görülen ve kaynak metin odaklı olarak gerçekleşmesi gerektiği görüşünün hâkim olduğu çeviri olgusu 20. yüzyılın son çeyreğinde yaşadığı paradigma değişimi ile birlikte hem bir bilim dalı olma yolunda ilerlemiş hem de olgunun diğer disiplinlerle olan bağı irdelenmeye başlanmıştır. Çeviribilimin bu gelişim tarihine bakıldığında, ilerleme ve gelişmelerin sanayi ve teknolojide yaşanan gelişmeler ve buna bağlı olarak küreselleşme ile bir anlamda paralellik gösterdiğini söylemek mümkündür. Teknolojinin gelişmesi ile birlikte ülkeler arası sınırların kalkması, dünya üzerinde farklı coğrafyalarda, dolayısıyla da farklı dil, kültür ve ekonomik ve siyasi düzende yaşayan insanlar arasında iletişim ve etkileşim imkânını doğurmuştur. Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle beraber küreselleşmenin bir sonucu olarak ortak paydada buluşan farklı ülkelerde yaşayan bu toplumların buluşma araçlarından biri de çeviridir. Küreselleşmeyle birlikte çeviri ihtiyacının ve pazarının önem kazanmasıyla reklam çevirileri de bu pazardaki yerini almıştır. Gerek radyo ve TV gerek internet ve buna bağlı olarak sosyal medya gerek gazete ve dergi gerek dijital ve statik reklam panoları gerek e-posta veya afişler aracılığı ile olsun her gün ve belki de her an reklam denilen iletişim aracı ile kuşatılmış olduğumuz bilinen bir gerçektir. Bu reklamların kimi yerel ürünlere ait reklamlar olabildiği gibi kimi yabancı ürünlere ait olan reklamlardır. Yabancı ürünlerin reklamlarının ise bizlere ulaştırılması çeşitli yöntemler aracılığı ile olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada reklam çevirilerinde başvurulan yöntemleri inceleyebilmek adına öncelikle reklamın tarihine, reklamda kullanılan dile ve reklam çevirisinin çeviribilimdeki yerine değinildikten sonra Veronica Smith ve Christine Klein-Braley’in sunmuş olduğu reklam çeviri stratejilerine yer verilecek ve bu stratejiler örnek reklamlar üzerinden değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Parto vertical, complicaciones que se presentan en pacientes primigestas, atendidas en el centro de salud Recreo II
Authors: Narea Morales Vicky Edita , Pelaez Huayamave Aurora Marielena , Vera Pesantes Ibeeth Mariuxi , Paccha Valarezo Mayra Alexandra
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar las complicaciones que se presentan en las pacientes primigestas que son atendidas por parto vertical en el centro de salud Recreo II en el periodo de mayo – noviembre 2020. Fue un estudio de diseño observacional de modalidad cuantitativa, tipo de investigación descriptiva, transversal, prospectiva, en los resultados obtenidos se determino que la principal complicación de las pacientes primigestas atendidas por parto vertical fueron los desgarros perineales. De las 180 pacientes primigestas atendidas por parto vertical el 60.6% de los partos presentaron desgarro perineal grado I en el 28.3%, desgarro grado II en el 18.3%, desgarro grado III 7.8% y desgarro grado IV en el 6.1% y el dolor perineal en el 33.3%; dispareunia 13.3%, incontinencia urinaria o fecal el 7%, sin desgarros perineales en el 39.9%,  además el tipo de parto vertical de mayor acogida por las pacientes fue la semisentada en el 35.6% y el de menor porcentaje colgada de solgada con el 6%. Se considera necesario implementar la asesoría de psicoprofilaxis obstétrica en los establecimientos de salud para prevenir desgarros perineales en la atención del parto.
CARBON UNITS AS A NEW TYPE OF INVESTMENT IN AGRICULTURE IN A CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors: Astrahanceva Elena , Gatina El'vira
Published: April 2022

Every year there is an increasing attention of the world community, scientists, politicians and the world's population to the issues of ecology, conservation of natural resources, which naturally has a significant impact not only on the economy, but also on human health. The countries of the world are trying to solve the problem of minimizing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere and the secondary use of raw materials in different ways. One of the tools is the measures of tax regulation of carbon dioxide emissions, a significant part of which falls on the agricultural sector.

The concept of "carbon unit" that has appeared is becoming more and more firmly included in the speech turnover of politicians and economists and is a meter of emissions of harmful greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as a result of the activities of economic entities. Currently, the financial market is actively developing in which emissions quotas are traded, and this market tends to grow every year.

The introduction of a "carbon tax" by the European Union in the near future will affect the majority of large Russian producers, whose production is characterized by large greenhouse gas emissions. The tax burden will additionally fall on agriculture, which will naturally have a certain impact on the growth of the cost of production.

A new exchange infrastructure has appeared, trading in carbon units, the volumes of which are growing annually, but agricultural producers are still poorly represented on such sites due to the lack of a scientific conceptual base and all the advantages.

The article comments on the law on limiting greenhouse gas emissions that has entered into force in Russia, the content of which indicates the need to form a legal framework for the circulation of carbon units, that is, an information system for their accounting as a tool to reduce the carbon footprint and attract investment and the introduction of mandatory carbon reporting for the largest issuers and its provision.

The article presents generally accepted methods for estimating atmospheric gas emissions and points out the current problems of the European Emissions Trading System. An assumption is made about the relevance of using data-based management platforms by presenting digital doubles. The design of a decentralized platform based on blockchain technology is proposed, which will allow controlling the processes of movement of carbon units and exclude possible manipulations with them.
FINANCIAL INDICATORS AS A TOOL IDENTIFICATION AND NEUTRALIZATION OF THREATS TO THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Kubic Andrey , Hmelev Sergey
Published: April 2022

The problem of identifying threats to economic security in enterprises consists of economic reforms carried out in Russia. In turn, entrepreneurial activity by its nature is usually associated with uncertainty and risk in the field of economic conjuncture.

The construction industry is one of the most material-intensive sectors of the country's economy. Taking into account the risky nature of the organization's activities in the face of ever-increasing fierce competition and sanctions pressure, today it actualizes the consideration of the problem of ensuring economic security to detect signs of insolvency and bankruptcy of construction industry enterprises.

Constant monitoring and timely identification of threats to the stability of the financial situation and economic security contributes at an early stage to identify destabilizing factors in the development of the enterprise, take urgent measures and outline ways to eliminate them.
FEATURES OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR THE RESEARCH OF THE Fulfillment of OBLIGATIONS TO CALCULATE THE INCOME TAX OF ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Kaverina Elina
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the methodology for the production of judicial tax examinations. The issues of tax examinations are very little covered by specialists. The article discusses the main and additional elements of expert studies of the fulfillment of obligations on corporate income tax. Differences in the procedure for the production of tax examinations and tax audits for income tax are determined. As a result, the features of the methodology that affect the discrepancies in the amount of unpaid income tax determined by the tax authorities and forensic experts are highlighted.
RISKS OF NON-PAYMENTS IN ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Rykov Ivan
Published: April 2022

The article examines the key aspects of the problem of non-payments in the domestic electric power industry, shows the impact of non-payments on the general state and level of economic security of economic entities engaged in the generation, transportation and distribution of electricity between end consumers, and also notes the relationship existing between the low level of payment discipline at different levels of the industry and its systemic difficulties. Based on the authors' assessment of the trends observed with respect to the volume and quality of debt in the domestic retail electricity market of the Russian Federation, a conclusion is made about the consistent deterioration of the situation and the need for urgent implementation of measures aimed at its normalization. It also highlights the main risk factors of non-payments for electricity from utilities, shows the reasons for the low efficiency of measures traditionally used to reduce the amount of debt and suggests alternative solutions, the most important of which, according to the authors, may be the creation of centers of competence for debt management in the electric power industry.
Ways to increase the competitiveness of the consumer cooperation system in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Shipshova Ol'ga
Published: April 2022

The presented article examines the problem of territorial development by increasing the competitiveness of agricultural cooperation enterprises on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. The development of small business in agriculture can give an impetus to an increase in the economic potential of the region, will solve the problem of food security in the Russian Federation, and stimulate the development of national agriculture.
Economic Empowerment Of The Community Through Optimizing The Understanding Of Financial Statements (MSMEs Bojongsoang Village Bandung)
Authors: Suangga Asri , Mardini Riyang , Lestari Rini , Hartanto Rudy , Rahmani Annisa Nadiyah , Ramdani Boyke Rahmat , Ibrahim Alia Alifa
Published: April 2022

Financial recording and reporting training is expected to be able to overcome internal problems related to accountability that are often faced by MSMEs. The right assistance will help MSMEs to develop, from micro, small, to medium scale,can even be the forerunner of the emergence of large-scale industry. This research was conducted on MSMEs who are members of the "Someah" community, Bojongsoang Village, Bandung Regency, West Java Province, the majority of which are engaged in food and beverage, as well as handicrafts. The purpose of this study is to assist MSME partners in understanding the importance of recording financial statements, and analyzing financial statements. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that in general, MSME actors in Bojongsoang Village did not have good and correct accounting and bookkeeping knowledge. However, with this assistance, participants understand more about accounting and recording financial statements better.Pelatihan pencatatan dan pelaporan keuangan diharapkan dapat mengatasi permasalahan internal terkait akuntabilitas yang sering dihadapi oleh UMKM. Pendampingan yang tepat, akan membantu UMKM untuk berkembang, dari skala mikro, kecil, hingga menengah, bahkan bisa menjadi cikal bakal munculnya industri skala besar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada UMKM yang tergabung dalam komunitas “Someah” Desa Bojongsoang Kabupaten Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat yang mayoritas bergerak di bidang makanan dan minuman, serta kerajinan tangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membantu mitra UMKM dalam memahami pentingnya pencatatan laporan keuangan, dan menganalisis laporan keuangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum pelaku UMKM di Desa Bojongsoang belum memiliki pengetahuan akuntansi dan pembukuan laporan keuangan yang baik dan benar. Namun dengan adanya pendampingan ini peserta lebih mamahami tentang akuntansi dan pencatatan laporan keuangan lebih baik lagi.
DIGITAL COMMERCE BERBASIS REHABILITASI BERSUMBERDAYA MASYARAKAT BAGI DIFABEL SLB KEMALA BHAYANGKARI GRESIK
Authors: Indriya Himawan Abdurrahman Faris , Batubara Riska Widiyanita
Published: April 2022

The increasingly advanced technology gives rise to many new media that allow the development of marketing communications such as interactive television, the Internet, E-commerce, interactive telephone, and faxing. This led to changes in market segmentation, as well as the way to communicate with them. Then the cultural driving factor makes marketing communication more segmented but its reach is very broad. Certain cultures will receive communication that is appropriate to their culture. Each tool in the promotion mix has different characteristics and it is undeniable that there are still many companies that rely on one or two promotional tools to achieve their communication goals. This is in line with the marketing communication paradigm in the past which often used advertising as the "main weapon" to carry out a promotional activity, on the grounds that advertising media has a broad target audience, so that in a relatively short time the message to be conveyed by a company will be more effective. quickly reach the target audience.
Crop Management Practices in Rural Riverine Islands of Bangladesh
Authors: Barau Aliyu Akilu , Afrad Md Safiul Islam , Halim Abdul , Rahman GKM Mustafizur , Haque Md Enamul
Published: April 2022

This study focused on farmers’ crop management practices in selected rural riverine islands (Char lands) of Sariakandi Upazila, Bogura district, Bangladesh. Disproportionate stratified sampling was adopted to select the respondents. The data were elicited using an interview schedule and analyzed via Statistics 10 software. Results revealed that, on average, there was moderate knowledge on crop management practices, and the attitude towards the practices was favorable. But, in deviance from what is habitually obtained on mainland Bangladesh where rice cultivation dominates, jute (35.84%) and chili (28.4%) covered the majority in Char Ghagua and Char Shaluka, respectively. In Char Tengrakura, rice and chili covered a little above half (52.7%) of the crops cultivated by the respondents.  In terms of the management practices, the lion’s share (81.7%, 74.7%, and 77.0%) of soil management practices was covered by chemical fertilizers in all the Char lands. Similarly, the use of chemicals dominated when handling pests and diseases. Triple cropping was foremost across the Char lands and had high mean coverage in Char Tengrakura (63.6%). The mean coverage of irrigation water management practices was virtually shallow tube well in the Char lands. Generally, there was moderate knowledge and a positive attitude towards crop management practices. That crop management practices (use synthetic materials and underground water) employed in the Char lands are unsustainable, tending to induce degradation of land and water resources.
The (Missing?) Role of Institutions in Behavioral Public Administration
Authors: Bertelli Anthony , Riccucci Norma , Canterelli Paola , Cucciniello Maria , Grose Christian , John Peter , Linos Elizabeth , Thomas Anjali , Williams Martin
Published: April 2022

Editor’s note. In this roundtable, the contributors discuss the role of institutions (or lack thereof) in behavioral public administration (BPA). In a multidisciplinary discourse, the contributors touch on the many tensions that exist between institutional and behavioral perspectives of public administration. This roundtable is intended to spark additional discourse on the role of institutions in how they parameterize behaviors within or how individual behaviors might, in the aggregate, influence the norms and rules that shape institutions. Here at JBPA, we encourage further dialogue on the role of institutions in behavioral studies and holding work from a macro-, meso-, and micro-lens accountable to each another (Jilke et al., 2019). The editorial team at JBPA is thankful to Herbert Simon Award (Midwest Political Science Association) winners Anthony Bertelli (2020) and Norma Riccucci (2021) for organizing this thoughtful conversation. We hope that the discussion offered in this roundtable will inspire further inquiry from our readers. We encourage thought leaders in the field of public administration and beyond to continue this conversation here at JBPA. Therefore, we are announcing a Call for Papers, in response to this roundtable. Contributing papers can take one of several forms: (1) Research Letters (of no more than 2,000 words), for instance, might provide replications of existing work in BPA where the replications newly account for institutional embeddedness. (2) Perspective and Practices submissions (generally limited to 4,000 words) should be written as thoughtful responses to the discourse below, and (3) Research Articles (up to 8,000 words) can be more thoroughly threshed out theoretical conceits about institutions in BPA.

William G. Resh, Editor-in-Chief
On-farm trials towards reduced insecticides in main crop potatoes in the Waikato Region of New Zealand
Authors: MacDonald Frances H. , Wright Peter J. , Hart Bryan N. , Guo Lindy F. , Hunt Sophia K. , Walker Graham P.
Published: April 2022

Tomato potato psyllid (TPP), Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is the vector for “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” (CLso), which causes the serious disease “zebra chip” (ZC) of potatoes. Between 2016 and 2019, a reduced-insecticide approach to control TPP was evaluated. We compared a standard-insecticide weekly spray regime that included Integrated Pest Management (IPM)-compatible insecticides plus JMS Stylet Oil® (JMS) as a wetting agent, with a reduced-insecticide regime where we used the oil on its own on alternate weeks with the insecticide/oil mixtures. Spray programme start dates were determined by: (1) crop scouting; (2) sticky-trap monitoring; and (3) degree-day calculation. Crop scouting combined with a sticky-trap action threshold and degree-day data was an effective method for determining when to start spraying. The most substantial reduction in insecticides was achieved by alternating weekly insecticides with the oil formulation on its own. Sub-samples of TPP from sticky traps situated in the trials tested for CLso confirmed the presence of the bacteria in (commonly known as ‘hot’) TPP throughout the trials. The reduced-treatment approach gave statistically similar levels of ZC to the standard insecticide spray programme.
Generalizability Crisis Meets Heterogeneity Revolution: Determining Under Which Boundary Conditions Findings Replicate and Generalize
Authors: Moeller Julia , Dietrich Julia , Neubauer Andreas B. , Brose Annette , Kühnel Jana , Dehne Mathias , Jähne Miriam F. , Schmiedek Florian , Bellhäuser Henrik , Malmberg Lars-Erik , Stockinger Kristina , Riediger Michaela , Pekrun Reinhard
Published: April 2022

Intensive longitudinal studies typically examine phenomena that vary across time, individuals, contexts, and other boundary conditions. This poses challenges to the conceptualization and identification of replicability and generalizability, which refer to the invariance of research findings across samples and contexts as crucial criteria for trustworthiness. Some of these challenges are specific to intensive longitudinal studies, others are similarly relevant for the work with other complex datasets that contain multilayered sources of variation (individuals nested in different types of activities or organizations, regions, countries, etc.)This article opens with discussing the reasons why research findings may fail to replicate. We then analyze reasons why research findings may falsely appear to be non-replicable when in fact they were as such replicable, but lacked generalizability due to heterogeneity between samples, subgroups, individuals, time points, and contexts. Following that, we propose conceptual and methodological approaches to better disentangle non-replicability from non-generalizability and to better understand the exact causes of either problem. In particular, we apply Lakatos’s proposition to examine not only whether but under what boundary conditions a theory is a useful description of the world, to the question whether and under which conditions a research finding is replicable and generalizable. Not only will that contribute to a more systematic understanding of and research on replicability and generalizability in longitudinal studies and beyond, but it will also be a contribution to what has been called the heterogeneity revolution (Bryan et al., 2021; Moeller, 2021).
Random item slope regression: An alternative measurement model that accounts for both similarities and differences in the association with individual items.
Authors: Donnellan Ed , Usami Satoshi , Murayama Kou
Published: April 2022

In psychology, researchers often predict a dependent variable (DV) consisting of multiple measurements (e.g., scale items measuring a concept). To analyze the data, researchers typically aggregate (sum/average) scores across items and use this as a DV. Alternatively, they may define the DV as a common factor using structural equation modelling. However, both approaches neglect the possibility that an independent variable may have different relationships to individual items. This variance in individual item slopes arises because items are randomly sampled from an infinite pool of items reflecting the construct that the scale purports to measure. Here, we offer a mixed-effects model called random item slope regression, which accounts for both similarities and differences of individual item associations. Critically, we argue that random item slope regression poses an alternative measurement model to common factor models prevalent in psychology. Unlike these models, the proposed model supposes no latent constructs, and instead assumes that individual items have direct causal relationships with the independent variable. Such operationalization is especially useful when researchers want to assess a broad construct with heterogeneous items. Using mathematical proof and simulation, we demonstrate that random item slopes cause inflation of Type I error when not accounted for, particularly when the sample size (number of participants) is large. In real-world data (N = 564 participants) using commonly-used surveys and two RT tasks, we demonstrate that random item slopes are present at problematic levels. We further demonstrate that common statistical indices are not sufficient to diagnose the presence of random item slopes.
Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga Dalam Upaya Membangun Kesadaran Warga Pentingnya Mengurangi Produksi Sampah
Authors: Joleha Joleha , Yenie Elvi , Suprayogi Imam , Bochari Bochari
Published: April 2022

The habit of littering is carried out in almost all circles of society, not only the poor, even those with higher education do it. Organic waste and plastic waste are the largest waste generated by households. Processing organic waste into compost and utilizing plastic waste into ecobricks are service activities that have been carried out at Putri Tujuh II Housing Estate, Pekanbaru. This service activity aims to provide understanding and application to residents in managing household waste, so it is hoped that there will be awareness of the importance of waste processing in reducing waste generation in Final Disposal Sites (TPA). The method used is socialization, field practice which is continuously accompanied by the implementing team until the end of the service period. The result of this activity is an increase in public knowledge about processing waste into compost and ecobricks that can be used at home, but there is a decrease in the level of awareness at the end of the activity. This is because residents are no longer assisted in carrying out waste processing activities, so it can be concluded that continuous team assistance is needed until there is a commercial container to accommodate the results of waste processing carried out by residents
Penerapan teknologi vertikultur sebagai upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat di Kelurahan Sialang Sakti
Authors: Putra Zetra Hainul , Aladiyat Arif Rachman , Dini Aprilia , Maswitra Diwa , Putra Fadel Gama , Siregar Gabriella Aprissa Sumihar , Ayurisna Maura Afda , Septiana Metta Jayantri , Pratama M. Prana Mega , Harvian Riandy , Putri Shabillah Julia
Published: April 2022

RW 08 of Sialang Sakti Sub-district, Tenayan Raya District society, majority work as brick craftsmen and mostly carried out by men, while the majority of women work as housewives. In an effort to increase the productivity of housewives and in the establishment of food security, urban farming programs are implemented in this area. The method used is Verticulture. Verticulture method is used because of the weakness of this area which is limited land and poor nutrients in the existing soil. This method also does not need to use a large area of land so that it is easily applied by the community. The planting medium used in this method is used bottles filled with black soil and hung on 0.5 inch ram wire and installed on the walls of residents' houses. The plants grown are bok choy vegetables, green onions and purslane flowers. Mentoring is carried out by the 2021 Kukerta Students by means of lectures and direct practice. This activity has a positive impact on the community and high enthusiasm is also shown by the community. This activity is expected to be an initial movement in the formation of food security and increasing community productivity and increasing people's income. This technology makes it easier for people to obtain vegetables that are cleaner and cheaper.
Pemberdayaan Kewirausahaan Ibu Rumah Tangga Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan dan Pemasaran Keripik Singkong Pedas di Kelurahan Waringinsari
Authors: Putro Bramantiyo Eko , Viva Neng
Published: April 2022

Waringinsari Village in Takokak sub-district, Cianjur Regency, West Java has natural potential in the form of processing agricultural products. Waringinsari Village has a cassava plantation area of 2,000 m2 with a total harvest of 7.5 tons. These harvests have not provided benefits due to the lack of public knowledge about processing agricultural products. Demographic data of housewives in the village shows that 31 housewives do not have a job. Therefore, based on the problems encountered in the field, the authors carry out community service in the form of business assistance in the form of processing cassava plants into processed products of spicy cassava chips which are marketed both online and offline. The method used in this community partnership service (PKM) is to use the lecture and question and answer method, practice, and practice. This service activity succeeded in utilizing the cassava garden in Waringinsari village. Product sales are increasing every week by 15% for regular spicy and 12% for spicy jeletot. Housewife in Kp. Cicadas also know cassava processing and marketing so that it has additional income opportunities.
Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan potensi desa menuju daerah wisata mandiri di Desa Koto Benai Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi
Authors: Sumiarsih Eni , Kausar Kausar , Eddiwan Eddiwan
Published: April 2022

The purpose of community service activities packaged in the form of mentoring and training is to increase community knowledge in managing village potential in the fields of fisheries, agriculture and home industry to make Koto Benai Tourism Village a tourist area. The method in this service activity consists of lectures and direct practice in the field. This activity was carried out from July to August 2021 in Koto Benai Village, Kutan Singingi Regency. The stages carried out are, socialization, FGD and training as well as mentoring and monitoring. The results of service activities regarding exploring the local potential of the village are an effort to encourage solving problems by looking at the problems in the village community itself. The training provided on environmentally friendly fisheries, as well as counseling in the field of agriculture and training in the home industry. The level of achievement of the PKM program targets can be said to be successful. This can be seen from the results of the pre-test and post-test given to participants. As well as for BUDIKDAMBER fish cultivation, the community can enjoy the kale harvest 2 times a month. The yield of kale is Rp. 120,000 x 3 months is Rp. 360,000 while the yield of catfish: 16 kg x Rp. 20,000 = Rp. 320,000 and a profit of Rp. 160,000 so that this can improve the local community's economy.
Penyuluhan budidaya Magot sebagai pakan alternatif pada budidaya Ikan Gurami di Kecamatan Negara Kabupaten Jembrana Provinsi Bali
Authors: Pradnyawati Ni Putu Diah , Wiryati Ganjar , Ruchimat Toni
Published: April 2022

Magot is a larva of the insect Hermetia illucens that can convert organic waste into high protein. Magot can be used as one of the alternative feeds of gourami fish that has a protein content equivalent to pellet feed. This is very necessary by cultivators in the Negara District who have problems regarding the increasingly high price of pellets causing high operational costs and Lack of Knowledge of Skills and Attitude of cultivators towards alternative feed that can substitute the pellet feed. The assistance of this group was carried out for approximately 3 months at POKDAKAN Mina Harapan. The purpose of this activity, which is to increase the knowledge of cultivator attitude skills on the application of BSF maggot as an alternative feed for gourami fish. The type of data collected in the form of primary data and secondary data, data collection is done through observation and interview. Data collected in qualitatively denitrifying analysisThe result of this activity is an increase in knowledge and target skills regarding magot culture and changes in the target to positive direction regarding the material provided. The addition of maggot as an alternative feed in dempond activities can be projected into 10 months of maintenance then the profits obtained using maggot BSF as an alternative feed of Rp 6,020,420, while if only using the benefits obtained in 10 months amounted to Rp 3,471,000 with 500 fish scattered.
Pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis ekonomi kreatif melalui pengembangan Madu Kelulut untuk peningkatan perekonomian masyarakat Desa Rambahan Kec. Logas Tanah Darat Kab. Kuantan Singingi
Authors: Adiputra M. Jaya , Martlisda Yuka , Anwika Anwika , Suhendra Meyla , Arini Arini , Ayub Daeng
Published: April 2022

This community empowerment program has the aim of providing knowledge and skills based on the creative economy in utilizing the local potential of kelulut honey in Rambahan Village, Kec. Logas Tanah Darat Kab. Kuantan Singingi, so that there is an improvement in terms of the community's economy to be better than before. This service activity was carried out in two activities, namely counseling on kelulut bee cultivation and testing of processed honey which went through three stages, the preparation stage, implementation and monitoring stage, and the final/evaluation stage. Implementation of activities using training and guidance and assistance. With material about cultivating kelulut bees using a stupor topping system and testing processed honey products to produce beverage products (honey syrup), beauty products (honey masks, honey soap), and health products (pure honey). The results of the service activities are considered successful and by the objectives and right on target. Through this activity, increase the knowledge and skills of the community in cultivating kelulut bees. The community can cultivate, starting from nurseries, maintenance, harvesting to marketing. The community has succeeded in cultivating bees and producing honey, as well as opportunities for processed honey products that can be developed. The community is keen to uncover the potential of processed honey which has economic value and becomes additional fields for honey farmers.