bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Febre maculosa no Brasil: estudo da mortalidade para a vigilância epidemiológica
Authors: Araújo Rachel Paes de , Navarro Marli Brito Moreira de Albuquerque , Cardoso Telma Abdalla de Oliveira
Published: December 2016

Resumo Febre maculosa é uma doença infecciosa caracterizada por febre, com formas leves e atípicas até formas graves, e, quando não tratada adequadamente, pode apresentar taxa de letalidade de 85%. Causada pela Rickettsia rickettsii, é transmitida por meio da saliva de carrapato. No Brasil, o vetor mais importante é o Amblyomma cajennense. Discute-se o número de óbitos por Rickettsia no Brasil, projetando a necessidade de ampliação e disseminação do conhecimento sobre a possibilidade de ocorrência da febre maculosa brasileira (FMB), além de debater sintomas, diagnóstico diferencial e dados epidemiológicos. A metodologia consistiu na identificação dos óbitos por Rickettsia no Brasil entre 2005-2010, utilizando-se o Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Foram estudados 75 casos. Observou-se taxa de letalidade de 24,8% e uma concentração de óbitos nas regiões Sudeste e Sul do país. Os resultados obtidos contribuem para a sensibilização dos profissionais sobre a necessidade de união dos dados clínicos, epidemiológicos e laboratoriais, facilitando o reconhecimento da doença e o tratamento precoce.
Mercury in fish and sediment of Purus River, Acre State, Amazon
Authors: Castro Nathália Santos Serrão de , Braga Camila Margalho , Trindade Paulo Arthur de Abreu , Giarrizzo Tommaso , Lima Marcelo de Oliveira
Published: December 2016

Abstract Core subject To quantify the Hg content of sediment and fish collected along the Purus River (Acre State, Amazon) in order to identify if those samples could be a potential route of Hg exposure to the population of Manoel Urbano (a riverside community). Methods The total mercury (THg) was quantified using the Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption technique. Results We collected 06 samples of sediment and 264 samples of fish. The Hg in sediments ranged between 0.038 and 0.065 µg.g–1.The results indicate that sediment is in agreement with “uncontaminated” Amazonian rivers. The carnivorous species presented the highest level of Hg on muscle (mean 0.927 μg/g–1), followed by piscivorous (mean 0.873 μg.g–1), planktophagus (mean 0.566 μg.g–1), omnivorous (mean 0.533 μg.g–1) and detritivorous (mean 0.176 μg/g–1). Fourty four percent (44%) of the total species collected presented mean levels of THg on muscle, a percentage greater than the threshold recommended by WHO. Conclusion Some species may be a route for Hg exposure. The sediment is within the normality. The authors suggest that other factors, such as culture and society, should be considered for future researches in order to promote the population healths.
Estratégia Saúde da Família versus centro de saúde: modalidades de serviços na percepção do usuário
Authors: Leite Raquel Sousa , Santos Ariany Paula Medeiros , Lima Cássio de Almeida , Ribeiro Cláudia Danyella Alves Leão , Brito Maria Fernanda Santos Figueiredo
Published: December 2016

Resumo Introdução O processo de reorientação do sistema de saúde brasileiro vem promovendo a transição do modelo assistencial biomédico para um modelo ancorado na promoção da saúde. Objetivou-se compreender a percepção do usuário sobre o processo de transição das modalidades de serviços centro de saúde para Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Métodos Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em Montes Claros, no Estado de Minas Gerais, com equipes de saúde que passaram por substituição de centro de saúde para ESF. Foram conduzidas entrevistas não estruturadas com 12 usuários, submetidas à análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados Houve melhoria do serviço após o advento da ESF, pois propiciou maior oferta de serviços e integralidade da assistência, configurou-se como a principal porta de entrada do sistema de saúde e valorizou a humanização em novas relações com os profissionais. O agente comunitário de saúde se destacou como elemento importante das ações em saúde da família. Todavia, há dificuldade para obtenção de apoio complementar e diagnóstico, além de medicamentos. Conclusão A implantação da ESF permitiu o advento de um novo panorama na atenção primária. Entretanto, deve garantir maior efetividade e satisfação dos usuários.
Health, work, and development: agribusiness and accidents in a state in the Brazilian Amazon region
Authors: Nascimento Darléia Cristina Gross Andrade , Pignatti Marta Gislene , Leão Luis Henrique da Costa , Oliveira Ângela Lúcia Piccini de , Silva Ageo Mário Cândido da
Published: December 2016

Abstract Introduction Mato Grosso is one of the Brazilian states with the highest agribusiness growth, which is accompanied by deforestation and an increase in occupational injuries. Objective To assess some factors associated with agribusiness-related severe occupational injuries in Mato Grosso. Method Occupational injury notifications were provided by the System of Information of Notifiable Injuries (SINAN). The production sectors, considered the dependent variables, were classified as forestry/wood industry, animal husbandry, and plant husbandry. Some sociodemographic, care, and type of injury-related variables were selected and considered the independent variables. We conducted a spatial analysis of the density of occupational injury. The associations were identified by calculating the proportion ratio (PR) by the chi-square test and considered significant when p-value < 0.05. Results and conclusion The highest rates of severe occupational injuries occurred in municipalities with intense plant and animal husbandry, and forestry/wood industry activities. In plant husbandry severe occupational injuries were more common in men, adults, non-whites, illiterates, and rural areas. However, in animal husbandry and forestry/wood industry, severe occupational injuries were more common in adults, and full recoveries were less frequent.
Exposição ocupacional de trabalhadores rurais a agrotóxicos
Authors: Santana Claudiana Mangabeira , Costa Antonia Rosa da , Nunes Rafaela Maria Pessoa , Nunes Nárcia Mariana Fonseca , Peron Ana Paula , Melo-Cavalcante Ana Amélia de Carvalho , Ferreira Paulo Michel Pinheiro
Published: December 2016

Resumo Objetivos Avaliar o perfil dos trabalhadores rurais do município de Picos, no Estado do Piauí e suas práticas e atitudes quanto à utilização de agrotóxicos. Métodos A coleta dos dados (n=159) foi realizada em Picos com levantamento de dados socioeconômicos, utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPIs), armazenamento e destino das embalagens de agrotóxicos, toxicidade e risco ambiental. Resultados A maioria dos agricultores era do sexo feminino (63%), não concluiu o ensino fundamental (55,6%), tinha entre 31 e 50 anos (55,3%), com renda de até um salário mínimo (66%) e possuía água encanada (84,3%). Quanto ao uso, 64,1% (102) utilizavam agrotóxicos, principalmente na agricultura (86,3%). Eles obtiveram informações sobre essas substâncias com vizinhos (44,2%), liam o rótulo para utilizar o produto (64,8%), usavam agroquímicos devido à ação rápida (81,4%), compravam em casas agropecuárias (87,4%), sem receituário agronômico (92%) e armazenavam embalagens dentro da própria casa (33,6%). Mais da metade não usava EPIs (56,8%), embora considerassem os agrotóxicos prejudiciais à saúde humana (94,1%) e ao meio ambiente (80,4%), além de 15% (24 pessoas) terem sentido algum sintoma de envenenamento. Conclusões Os entrevistados, em sua maioria, usavam agrotóxicos inadequadamente, tinham baixa escolaridade e conheciam sobre os riscos individuais e coletivos aos quais estavam expostos, mas não usavam EPIs.
Reliability and construct validity of the Instrument to Measure the Impact of Valve Heart Disease on the Patient's Daily Life
Authors: Anjos Daniela Brianne Martins dos , Rodrigues Roberta Cunha Matheus , Padilha Kátia Melissa , Pedrosa Rafaela Batista dos Santos , Gallani Maria Cecília Bueno Jayme
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: evaluate the practicality, acceptability and the floor and ceiling effects, estimate the reliability and verify the convergent construct's validity with the instrument called the Heart Valve Disease Impact on daily life (IDCV) of the valve disease in patients with mitral and or aortic heart valve disease. Method: data was obtained from 86 heart valve disease patients through 3 phases: a face to face interview for a socio-demographic and clinic characterization and then other two done through phone calls of the interviewed patients for application of the instrument (test and repeat test). Results: as for the practicality and acceptability, the instrument was applied with an average time of 9,9 minutes and with 110% of responses, respectively. Ceiling and floor effects observed for all domains, especially floor effect. Reliability was tested using the test - repeating pattern to give evidence of temporal stability of the measurement. Significant negative correlations with moderate to strong magnitude were found between the score of the generic question about the impact of the disease and the scores of IDCV, which points to the validity of the instrument convergent construct. Conclusion: the instrument to measure the impact of valve heart disease on the patient's daily life showed evidence of reliability and validity when applied to patients with heart valve disease.
Construction and validation of a tool to Assess the Use of Light Technologies at Intensive Care Units
Authors: Marinho Pabliane Matias Lordelo , Campos Maria Pontes de Aguiar , Rodrigues Eliana Ofélia Llapa , Gois Cristiane Franca Lisboa , Barreto Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct and validate a tool to assess the use of light technologies by the nursing team at Intensive Care Units. Method: methodological study in which the tool was elaborated by means of the psychometric method for construction based on the categorization of health technologies by Merhy and Franco, from the National Humanization Policy, using the Nursing Intervention Classification taxonomy to categorize the domains of the tool. Agreement Percentages and Content Validity Indices were used for the purpose of validation. Results: The result of the application of the Interrater Agreement Percentage exceeded the recommended level of 80%, highlighting the relevance for the proposed theme in the assessment, with an agreement rate of 99%. Conclusion: the tool was validated with four domains (Bond, Autonomy, Welcoming and Management) and nineteen items that assess the use of light technologies at Intensive Care Units.
Music listening for anxiety relief in children in the preoperative period: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Franzoi Mariana André Honorato , Goulart Cristina Bretas , Lara Elizabete Oliveira , Martins Gisele
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the effects of music listening, for 15 minutes, on the preoperative anxiety levels in children undergoing elective surgery in comparison with conventional pediatric surgical care. Method: randomized controlled clinical trial pilot study with 52 children in the preoperative period, aged 3 to 12 years, undergoing elective surgery and randomly allocated in the experimental group (n = 26) and control group (n = 26). Anxiety was assessed in both groups by the application of the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale and measurement of the physiological variables, upon arrival and 15 minutes after the first measurement. Results: there was a statistically significant difference in preoperative anxiety between the two groups only in relation to the physiological variable, since the respiratory rate of preschool children in the experimental group reduced in the second measurement compared to the control group (p = 0.0453). The experimental group showed a statistically significant reduction in anxiety levels after 15 minutes of music listening (p = 0.0441), specifically with regard to the behavioral domains of activity, vocalization, emotional expression and apparent awakening state. Conclusion: music listening emerges as a potential nursing intervention for relief of preoperative anxiety in children undergoing surgical procedures. RBR-7mcr59.
FRANCHISEE ASSOCIATION AND ITS MEDIATION OF RELATIONSHIP
Authors: SILVA TELMO JOSE MAGALHÃES DA , MELO PEDRO LUCAS DE RESENDE , ESTEVES KAREN , GOMES GIANCARLO
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Purpose: The objective of this research is to understand the actions undertaken by Franchisee Associations (FAs). We aimed to: 1. identify the role played by FAs regarding their relationship with franchisors; 2. understand conflict procedures alongside with franchisors (by means of FAs); and 3. identify FA's abilities to play a relevant governance role in franchisee-franchisor relationships. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: This research complements the researches of Dandridge and Falbe (1994), Cochet and Ehrmann (2007), Lawrence and Kaufmann (2010, 2012), bringing up other perspectives regarding practices in managing relationships, and governance methods proposed by the FA, which are aspects not deeply analyzed in other FA studies. Key methodological aspects: Qualitative research with multiple case studies involving data triangulation. The sample of this study comprised the franchise chain Skill Idiomas, and the interviews involved four Directors, six Franchisees and the Skill franchisor Executive. Summary of key results: There is a strong sense of trust only among some of the network members, as well as a partial cooperation among them. With reference to the governance, one may point out that the rules and the penalties that compose their policies are well known and applied. The influence of the leaders that form the association's board of directors and the voting process in FAs is a determining factor for the resolution of conflicts. Key considerations/conclusions: The lack of trust represented by the other part of the association board and the franchisees indicate that most part of the involved actors does not trust the network of the association. The influence of leaders that compose the membership of the Board was a determining factor in conflict resolution. The way of governance exercised by the FA is applied for all members when rules are infringed.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE IN BRAZIL: STOCK, BONDS AND SUBSTITUTION
Authors: RIPAMONTI ALEXANDRE , KAYO EDUARDO KAZUO
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Purpose: To study the Brazilian bond and stock markets for testing the stock market development theory of Demirgüc-Kunt and Maksimovic (1996). Originality/gap/relevance/implications: This paper tests the substitution hypothesis of stock market development, from debt to stocks, in a context of improved corporate governance, by analyzing the data with cointegration techniques. The findings show that the rejection of substitution hypothesis, as the bond market has a positive and significant association with stock market improvements. The findings also show that improving the quality of corporate governance could lead equity capital and borrower capital sources to be complementary and not substitutes, suggesting that Brazilian stock market reform has created a virtuous development cycle. Key methodological aspects: Positivist research using quantitative methodology. Data from a sample of 171 firms during 20 years, analyzed with cointegration. The null was a negative association between bond and stock markets. Summary of key results: Null rejection, non-consistent to theoretical framework. The results have shown a positive and significant association between stock and debt in an improved corporate governance context. Key considerations/conclusions: Improving the quality of corporate governance could lead equity capital and borrower capital sources to be complementary, and not substitutes, suggesting that Brazilian stock market reform has created a virtuous development cycle.
Conduct protocol in emergency: Acute adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Fares Adil Bachir , Santos Rômulo Augusto dos
Published: December 2016

Summary Introduction: Acute adrenal insufficiency or addisonian crisis is a rare comorbidity in emergency; however, if not properly diagnosed and treated, it may progress unfavorably. Objective: To alert all health professionals about the diagnosis and correct treatment of this complication. Method: We performed an extensive search of the medical literature using specific search tools, retrieving 20 articles on the topic. Results: Addisonian crisis is a difficult diagnosis due to the unspecificity of its signs and symptoms. Nevertheless, it can be suspected in patients who enter the emergency room with complaints of abdominal pain, hypotension unresponsive to volume or vasopressor agents, clouding, and torpor. This situation may be associated with symptoms suggestive of chronic adrenal insufficiency such as hyperpigmentation, salt craving, and association with autoimmune diseases such as vitiligo and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Hemodynamically stable patients may undergo more accurate diagnostic methods to confirm or rule out addisonian crisis. Delay to perform diagnostic tests should be avoided, in any circumstances, and unstable patients should be immediately medicated with intravenous glucocorticoid, even before confirmatory tests. Conclusion: Acute adrenal insufficiency is a severe disease that is difficult to diagnose. It should be part of the differential diagnosis in cases of hypotensive patient who is unresponsive to vasoactive agents. Therefore, whenever this complication is considered, health professionals should aim specifically at this pathology.
Analysis of the costs and quality of cardiovascular care in oncological monitoring
Authors: Costa Élide Sbardellotto Mariano da , Hyeda Adriano
Published: December 2016

Summary Objective: To analyze the health care costs specifically related to cardiovascular diseases, which were spent by patients of a private healthcare provider in southern Brazil, after their diagnosis of cancer. Method: We developed an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study, with a qualitative-quantitative strategy, through the activity of analytical internal audit of medical accounts. Results: 860 accounts from 2012 to 2015 were analyzed, 73% referred to female users, with average age of 62.38 years, and a total direct cost of BRL 241,103.72. There was prevalence of 37% of breast cancer, 15% of prostate cancer and 9% of colon cancer. In relation to the cardiovascular care, 44% were consultations, 44% were complementary exams, 10% were emergency care, and 3% were hospitalizations. Regarding the health care costs with cardiovascular services, higher costs were in hospitalizations (51%), followed by complementary exams (37%), consultations (8%) and emergency care (4%). Conclusion: The cancer survivors commonly use health care in other specialties such as cardiology, and the main cost refers to hospitalization. It is recommended to invest in prevention (consultation and complementary exam) as well as in programs of chronic disease management to reduce costs and improve the quality of health care.
Breast cancer features in women under the age of 40 years
Authors: Eugênio Deise Santiago Girão , Souza Juliana A. , Chojniak Rubens , Bitencourt Almir G. V. , Graziano Luciana , Souza Elvira F.
Published: December 2016

Summary Objective: To describe the clinical features, imaging findings and pathological aspects of breast cancer diagnosed in women under the age of 40 years. Method: A retrospective, descriptive study was performed through analysis of medical records between November 2008 and August 2012. One hundred and twenty (120) patients were included, of whom 112 underwent mammography, 113 underwent ultrasonography, and 105 underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The histopathological data was obtained in most cases from post-surgical analysis, which was available for 113 patients. Results: The mean age at diagnosis of primary breast cancer was 34 years. Only 11 patients (9.0%) had a family history of breast or ovarian cancer in first-degree relative. Ninety-two (92) patients sought medical attention after showing breast symptoms, and the presence of a palpable nodule was the main complaint. One hundred and twenty-two (122) primary tumors were diagnosed, of which 112 were invasive (95%). The most common histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma (73.8%). Luminal B was the predominant molecular subtype (42.6%). Ultrasonography was positive in 94.5% of the cases and the most common finding were nodules (94.8%). At mammography, the malignancy was observed in 92.8% and the presence of suggestive calcifications was the dominant feature. The MRI was positive in 98% of patients, and mass lesions were the most common. Conclusion: Most cases of breast cancer diagnosed in patients under the age of 40 years, in our population, had symptoms at diagnosis and tumor with more aggressive biological behavior. Despite the ultrasound has been the most widely used method, we found improved characterization of breast lesions when also used mammography and MRI.
Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Personal Experience Screening Questionnaire
Authors: Fidalgo Thiago Marques , Silveira Evelyn Doering da , Winters Ken C. , Silveira Dartiu Xavier da
Published: December 2016

Summary Introduction: The Personal Experience Screening Questionnaire (PESQ) is an instrument devised for assessing the magnitude of drug misuse among adolescents. However, its psychometric properties have not been evaluated in adolescent samples outside the United States. Objective: To assess the internal reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the PESQ. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 84 adolescents from a clinical sample and a community-based sample. All of them answered the PESQ. Results: Among adolescents from the community, the PESQ problem severity index, which can vary from 18 to 72, was 26.48±9.28, whereas the clinical sample scored 42.89±10.02 (p<0.001). Cronbach's alpha was 0.91. Factor analysis resulted in a four-factor solution. Furthermore, both samples also had different mean scores for the other distinct content areas measured by the instrument. Conclusion: Evidence to support the reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the Personal Experience Questionnaire was found.
Impact of shoe size in a sample of elderly individuals
Authors: López-López Daniel , Expósito-Casabella Yésica , Losa-Iglesias Marta , Bengoa-Vallejo Ricardo Becerro de , Saleta-Canosa Jesús Luis , Alonso-Tajes Francisco
Published: December 2016

Summary Introduction: The use of an improper shoe size is common in older people and is believed to have a detrimental effect on the quality of life related to foot health. The objective is to describe and compare, in a sample of participants, the impact of shoes that fit properly or improperly, as well as analyze the scores related to foot health and health overall. Method: A sample of 64 participants, with a mean age of 75.3±7.9 years, attended an outpatient center where self-report data was recorded, the measurements of the size of the feet and footwear were determined and the scores compared between the group that wears the correct size of shoes and another group of individuals who do not wear the correct size of shoes, using the Spanish version of the Foot Health Status Questionnaire. Results: The group wearing an improper shoe size showed poorer quality of life regarding overall health and specifically foot health. Differences between groups were evaluated using a t-test for independent samples resulting statistically significant (p<0.05) for the dimension of pain, function, footwear, overall foot health, and social function. Conclusion: Inadequate shoe size has a significant negative impact on quality of life related to foot health. The degree of negative impact seems to be associated with age, sex, and body mass index (BMI).
Leaf gas exchange in cowpea and CO2 efflux in soil irrigated with saline water
Authors: Oliveira Wanderson J. de , Souza Edivan R. de , Cunha Jailson C. , Silva Ênio F. de F. e , Veloso Venâncio de L.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Leaf gas exchanges in plants and soil respiration are important tools for assessing the effects of salinity on the soil-plant system. An experiment was conducted with cowpea irrigated with saline water (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 dS m-1) prepared with two sources: NaCl and a mixture of Ca, Mg, Na, K and Cl ions in a randomized block design and a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates, totaling 48 experimental plots. At 20 days after planting (DAP), plants were evaluated for net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (E) using the Infra-Red Gas Analyzer (Model XT6400- LICOR), and water use efficiency, intrinsic water use efficiency and instantaneous efficiency of carboxylation were calculated. At 60 DAP, the soil CO2 efflux (soil respiration) was determined with a camera (Model 6400-09- LICOR). Salinity caused reductions in A, gs and E. However, the salt source did not have significant effect on these variables. Soil CO2 efflux was reduced with the increase in the electrical conductivity, especially in the mixture of ions.
Gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments in bell pepper irrigated with saline water
Authors: Melo Hidelblandi F. de , Souza Edivan R. de , Duarte Heitor H. F. , Cunha Jailson C. , Santos Hugo R. B.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT The tools that evaluate the salinity effects on plants have great relevance as they contribute to understanding of the mechanisms of tolerance. This study aimed to evaluate gas exchanges and the contents of photosynthetic pigments in bell peppers cultivated with saline solutions (0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS m-1) prepared using two sources: NaCl and a mixture of Ca, Mg, K, Na and Cl salts, in randomized blocks with a 6 x 2 factorial scheme and 4 replicates, totaling 48 experimental plots. The net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), internal CO2 concentration (Ci), instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (A/Ci) and water use efficiency (WUE), besides chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids were evaluated. The gas exchange parameters were efficient to indicate the effects of salinity. All photosynthetic pigments decreased with increased electrical conductivity, and the chlorophyll a is the most sensitive to salinity, while the water use efficiency increased with the increment of electrical conductivity.
Responses of basil cultivars to irrigation water salinity
Authors: Maia Sandra S. S. , Silva Ricardo C. P. da , Oliveira Francisco de A. de , Silva Otaciana M. dos P. da , Silva Ana C. da , Candido Willame dos S.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to verify the response of basil cultivars to the salinity of irrigation water during the period from January 15 to March 20, 2013, in a greenhouse, at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments arranged in 2 x 4 factorial scheme, constituted of two cultivars of basil (‘Verde’ and ‘Roxo’) and four levels of irrigation water salinity (0.5; 2.0; 3.5 and 5.0 dS m-1), with four replicates. The plants were collected at 65 days after transplanting and the following variables were evaluated: stem diameter; plant height; number of stems and leaves; leaf area; dry matter of leaves, stems, roots, and total dry matter. The increase in salinity was detrimental to all variables evaluated in both cultivars, but the cultivar ‘Roxo’ proved to be more tolerant than the cultivar ‘Verde’. Both cultivars are tolerant to irrigation water salinity of up to 1.5 dS m-1.
Thermodynamic properties and drying kinetics of Bauhinia forficata Link leaves
Authors: Silva Fernanda P. da , Siqueira Valdiney C. , Martins Elton A. S. , Miranda Fábio M. N. , Melo Rogerio M.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the effective diffusion coefficient and the thermodynamic properties of Bauhinia forficata Link leaves, considering two forms of thickness measurements and to describe the process by fitting mathematical models. The leaves were collected, taken to the laboratory and prepared to start the drying process in which four temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C) were applied. After the drying process, the effective diffusion coefficient was determined through the theory of diffusion in liquid, allowing to obtain the values of the activation energy, enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy. The description of the drying process was performed by setting the thirteen mathematical models used to represent constant drying of agricultural products. The Valcam model was selected to represent the drying kinetics B. forficata Link. Increased temperature promotes: decreasing enthalpy and entropy; increasing Gibbs free energy and effective diffusion coefficient. The effective diffusion coefficient is higher when the rib thickness is considered; thus, it is recommended to standardize and/or specify the points of measurement of leaf thickness.
Water magnetization and phosphorus transport parameters in the soil
Authors: Generoso Tarcila N. , Martinez Mauro A. , Rocha Genelício C. , Hamakawa Paulo J.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT There are scientific studies describing changes in properties of the water when subjected to the action of a magnetic field, which may favor the availability of some nutrients in the soil solution. Some nutrients, although they are essential to the process of crop development, can be sources of pollution for watercourses and soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of water magnetization on transport parameters of the phosphate ion in a Red Latosol (RL) and in a Quartzarenic Neosol (QN). Saturated leaching columns were connected to bottles containing KH2PO4 solutions. In RL, there were significant differences in phosphorus (P) transport parameters, related to the retardation factor (R) and distribution coefficient (Kd). For the others, Peclet number (Pe), dispersive-diffusion coefficient (D) and dispersivity (λ), there were no significant differences in the comparison between the treatments with magnetized and non-magnetized water. In QN, there were statistical differences in R and Kd. For the other parameters, Pe, D and λ, there were no statistical differences between treatments.
Pedra do Peixe: redes sociais na circulação do pescado do Ver-o-Peso para a cidade de Belém do Pará
Authors: Silva Luiz de Jesus Dias da , Rodrigues Carmem Izabel
Published: December 2016

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma etnografia sobre a rede social envolvida no processo de circulação do pescado que chega diariamente ao mercado do Ver-o-Peso, principal entreposto pesqueiro da região amazônica, e é distribuído por toda a cidade de Belém do Pará. Diariamente, o pescado in natura, capturado e trazido em embarcações pesqueiras, entra na área urbana pela Pedra do Peixe, marco espacial e simbólico do mercado do Ver-o-Peso,no qual é vendido e distribuído na cidade e para outras praças do estado e do país, para chegar aos consumidores finais, que o encontram nas feiras, mercados, supermercados e outros pontos de venda, assim como nos restaurantes diversificados, em forma de pratos regionais preparados para os muitos apreciadores do produto. Essa extensa rede de comercialização do pescado apresenta aspectos econômicos, sociais, culturais, regras, informalidades e conflitos, que fazem com que a circulação do pescado em Belém permaneça, até a atualidade, com muito vigor, tendo a Pedra do Ver-o-Peso como centralidade do seu fluxo cotidiano, através das redes de relações e das práticas socioculturais incorporadas por trabalhadores e fregueses que circulam diariamente por esse espaço central da cidade.
De Senhora de Nazaré a ‘Nazinha’: singularidades na expressão do afeto à padroeira do Pará
Authors: Veloso Maria do Socorro Furtado , Pavan Maria Angela
Published: December 2016

Resumo Este estudo parte do pressuposto de que existe um modo particular de relação devocional do povo paraense com a figura mítica de Maria de Nazaré, mãe de Jesus. ‘Naza’, ‘Nazica’, ‘Nazinha’ são diminutivos do nome original que comunicam o afeto à Santa, contribuindo para o fortalecimento de laços de identidade e pertencimento evidenciados nas festividades em homenagem à padroeira do Estado do Pará, no Norte do Brasil. Essas manifestações marcadas pela informalidade são continuamente mobilizadas por meio de conexões entre linguagem, religiosidade, cultura e mídia. O percurso teórico toma por referência as concepções de Muniz Sodré (2006), que, ao sinalizar para a urgência de novos mecanismos de interpretação para o campo da comunicação, defende a necessidade de se atentar para “a diversidade da natureza das trocas” e seus “poderosos dispositivos do afeto”. Depoimentos coletados em sites, blogues e redes sociais, além de duas letras de músicas e um videoclipe, compõem o conjunto de objetos analisados pelas autoras.
Quintais urbanos: funções e papéis na casa brasileira e amazônica
Authors: Tourinho Helena Lucia Zagury , Silva Maria Goreti Costa Arapiraca da
Published: December 2016

Resumo Desde os tempos coloniais os quintais estão presentes como elemento tradicional nas casas urbanas amazônicas e brasileiras. Entretanto, atualmente, grande parte das novas moradias construídas, nas grandes cidades da região e do país, prescinde dos espaços contíguos às residências chamados de quintais. O propósito do estudo é analisar, historicamente, a importância e as funções dos quintais nas moradias brasileiras, e amazônicas em particular. O trabalho está dividido em três seções. Na primeira, discute os conceitos de quintais urbanos e de casa; na segunda analisa as transformações nas tipologias de moradias, destacando as permanências e as mudanças na importância e nas funções dos quintais. Por fim, conclui mostrando que, com o crescimento urbano e o desenvolvimento do capitalismo, a emergência de padrões modernos e pós-modernos de morar vem provocando o crescente esvaziamento das funções tradicionais de produção alimentar, de prática de atividades domésticas e de local privilegiado de lazer e convivência familiar. Como consequência, os quintais urbanos tem visto seu conceito e suas funções alterados ou, simplesmente, vêm sendo suprimidos das moradias. Por fim, alerta para as consequências desse processo para a qualidade de vida urbana, especialmente nas cidades amazônicas.
Aspectos etnoecológicos de la agricultura entre los Pumé
Authors: Saturno Silvana , Zent Stanford
Published: December 2016

Resumen En este artículo se presenta una descripción de las formas de manejo agrícola entre los Pumé desde una perspectiva etnoecológica. Los Pumé son un pueblo indígena que habita en la ecorregión de los Llanos (Venezuela). Aunque han sido identificados por algunos etnógrafos como un grupo de cazadores-recolectores, desde hace tiempo se ha señalado que poseen economías mixtas. Basados o no en las descripciones etnográficas, los agentes del Estado también han hecho representaciones de los Pumé como un grupo que carece de conocimientos agrícolas. En este sentido, el enfoque etnoecológico constituye la posibilidad de considerar aspectos cognitivos, perceptuales, cosmológicos y prácticos de la agricultura de este pueblo indígena. A partir de un estudio etnográfico, se describen siete formas de manejo agrícola que difieren en características como nivel de manejo, extensión, organización social del trabajo y propiedad de la cosecha. Por último, se profundiza en la descripción de los aspectos etnoecológicos de la agricultura de tala y quema de este grupo.
Arqueobotânica de um sambaqui sul-brasileiro: integrando indícios sobre o paleoambiente e o uso de recursos florestais
Authors: Melo Júnior João Carlos Ferreira de , Silveira Eloiza Regina da , Bandeira Dione da Rocha
Published: December 2016

Resumo Madeiras in natura são testemunhos raros em sítios arqueológicos de tipologia sambaqui. A partir da evidência de estacas encharcadas de madeira na base do sítio, objetivou-se conhecer as espécies vegetais e a sua funcionalidade no contexto arqueológico do sambaqui Cubatão I, localizado na região norte de Joinville, Santa Catarina, e com base datada de 3480 ± 60 AP. A caracterização da madeira foi realizada por meio de preparações histológicas e seguiu a terminologia proposta pela International Association of Wood Anatomists (IAWA). A determinação dos táxons deu-se mediante comparação em coleção de referência. Foram reconhecidas diferentes espécies madeiráveis de ocorrência natural nos ambientes de manguezal, floresta de terras baixas e restinga. Destacaram-se os seguintes táxons: Andira sp. (Fabaceae), Avicennia schaueriana (Acanthaceae), Bauhinia sp. (Fabaceae), Buchenavia sp. (Combretaceae), Handroanthus sp. (Bignoniaceae), Laguncularia racemosa (Combretaceae), Ocotea sp. (Lauraceae), Rhizophora mangle (Rhizophoraceae), Schinus sp. (Anacardiaceae) e Xylopia (Annonaceae). Entre as propriedades físicas que conferem qualidade às madeiras identificadas, destaca-se a densidade básica, com valores médios a altos em sua maioria, indicando seu uso potencial em elementos com função estrutural. Dentre as possíveis interpretações, os resultados evidenciam o uso de madeiras para a construção de uma plataforma projetada para dar sustentação ao sítio, possivelmente em função das características plásticas dos solos de manguezal.
‘Culturas de Chimpanzés’: uma revisão contemporânea das definições em uso
Authors: Rapchan Eliane Sebeika , Neves Walter Alves
Published: December 2016

Resumo As ‘culturas de chimpanzés’ correspondem a uma ideia especialmente importante porque chimpanzés são os animais mais próximos aos humanos em termos genéticos e de complexidade de comportamento. Uma avaliação crítica desses fenômenos irá certamente redefinir as fronteiras entre humanos e não humanos. Além disso, criará novas formas de representação da humanidade e sua alteridade. Consequentemente, é também urgente discutir as definições de cultura porque as concepções de ‘culturas de chimpanzés’ adotadas pelos primatólogos são profundamente distintas das concepções de cultura adotadas pelos antropólogos socioculturais. Há um consenso crescente entre os antropólogos socioculturais de que cultura envolve necessariamente a produção de sentidos e a manipulação de símbolos. O que os primatólogos frequentemente apresentam está muito distante disso. Para os antropólogos, cultura é a expressão plena de representações, mitos, arte, rituais e ciência. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa bibliográfica feita sobre 24 periódicos representativos da área, de 1999 a 2011. Do material encontrado, 63 artigos que apresentam explícitas ou implícitas definições de ‘culturas de chimpanzés’ foram identificados e analisados. Um dos resultados mais importantes é que a grande maioria dos conceitos apresentados não se sustenta sobre concepções de cultura que envolvam a produção de significados e a manipulação de símbolos.
A agricultura moderna no Planalto Central: a experiência da Colônia Blasiana (1881-1895), na atual Luziânia, Goiás, Brasil
Authors: Ferraro Mário Roberto
Published: December 2016

Resumo A Colônia Blasiana foi uma instituição de ensino criada para acolher crianças negras órfãs, beneficiadas pela lei do Ventre Livre. Funcionava também como escola agrícola. Seu modelo era o Imperial Instituto Fluminense de Agricultura. Foi investigada a hipótese de ela ter sido um referencial na modernização da agropecuária goiana e de ela ser, possivelmente, um espaço de produção científica no Planalto Central. De fato, sua contribuição foi importante, pois instituiu práticas modernizantes no trato das coisas do campo, tais como irrigação, plantação em linha, introdução de novas espécies, aclimatação de espécies vegetais e de animais exóticos ao cerrado, criação de gado em estábulos, cura de moléstias, dentre outras, apoiadas nos conhecimentos científicos de seu diretor, Joseph de Mello Álvares, um autodidata versado sobre os mais diversos assuntos. Não foi possível avaliar o impacto da instituição na agricultura goiana como um todo. Quanto ao fato de ser uma instituição de produção de conhecimentos científicos, a hipótese não se confirmou. Faltavam-lhe pesquisadores capacitados e um guia curricular, com programas claramente definidos para a escola, embora houvesse uma boa biblioteca, com o mais atualizado acervo da produção científica nacional sobre o tema. Também não foi possível apurar se os experimentos com aclimatação eram cientificamente controlados.
Potential allelopathic and antibacterial activity from Alternanthera philoxeroides
Authors: Kleinowski Alítcia Moraes , Ribeiro Gládis Aver , Milech Cristini , Braga Eugenia Jacira Bolacel
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Alternanthera philoxeroides is a promising species in the search for new molecules with biological effects. To accelerate this bioprospection process of A. philoxeroides, the chosen methods (allelopathy and discdiffusion technique) are excellent alternatives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effects and verify the antibacterial properties of extracts from A. philoxeroides. To evaluate the antibacterial activity, disc diffusion technique was used with five reference strains. The germination test was conducted with the extracts at concentrations of 0, 1.0, 2.0 e 3.0 mg mL-1 in a petri dish with 30 lettuce seeds and for the growth trial 10 seeds were used. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial 4 × 2 × 4 (four extracts, two sources, four concentrations), with four replicates.The results indicate that the lettuce germination was influenced by ethyl acetate fraction obtained from leaves of A. philoxeroides at the highest concentrations; however, the germination speed and the radicle growth were significantly affected by all the extracts starting at 1mg mL-1 concentration. Those results demonstrate allopathic effect of different extracts of this plant, although they have not interfered with the strains growth used in this experiment.
Croton sapiifolius Müll.Arg. In: a new occurrence for the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil
Authors: Santos Rafaela Freitas dos , Riina Ricarda , Caruzo Maria Beatriz Rossi
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT While studying Croton material collected in Espírito Santo, we found several specimens of Croton sapiifolius, a species previously restricted to the State of Bahia. The present paper updates our knowledge about the taxonomy, habitat and geographic distribution of C. sapiifolius. This finding increases the number of known Croton species occurring in Espírito Santo State to 20 and contributes to the knowledge of Croton of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.
New records of Cosmarium Corda ex Ralfs in lotic environment, adjacent to the Iguaçu National Park, Paraná State, Brazil
Authors: Aquino Camila Akemy Nabeshima , Bueno Norma Catarina , Servat Liliane Caroline , Bortolini Jascieli Carla
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to document the Cosmarium (Desmiadiales, Zygnematophyceae) taxa at a subtropical stream located in an area adjacent to the Iguaçu National Park, an important environmental protection area in the further west of Paraná State. For this purpose, monthly samplings of periphytic material associated to Eleocharis minima Kunth were performed in the period of August 2012 to July 2013. This taxonomic inventory allowed the identification of 37 taxa at specific and infra-specific levels. There were 15 new records for Paraná State: Cosmarium bipunctatum Börgensen, C. clepsydra Nordstedt var. bicardia (Reinsch) Croasdale, C. crenatum var. crenatum Ralfs, C. difficile Lütkemüller var. dilatatum Borge, C. isthmochondrum var. isthmochondrum Nordstedt, C.obsoletum (Hantzsch) Reinsch var. obsoletum, C. ordinatum (Borge) West & West var. ordinatum, C.ornatum Ralfs var. ornatum f. ornatum, C. pseudoconnatum Nordstedt var. pluriradians Scott & Grönblad, C. pseudoretusum F. Ducell. var. pseudoretusum Krieger et Gerlof, C. pyramidatum var. borgei Krieger & Gerloff, C. regnellii var. minimum Eichler & Gutwinski, C. repandum var. minus (West & West) Krieger & Gerloff, C. securiforme Borge var. brasiliense Grönblad and C. variolatum var. variolatum Lundell.
Resiliência da progressividade, da capacidade contributiva e da redistribuição de renda na tributação das pessoas físicas em época de crise – um estudo objetivado na crise financeira portuguesa
Authors: Catarino João Ricardo , Teixeira Maria Adosinda
Published: December 2016

Resumo Portugal e Brasil e muitos outros estados no mundo adotam impostos pessoais e progressivos sobre a renda das pessoas físicas (IRS/IRPF) como resulta do disposto nos artigos 104° da Constituição da República Portuguesa (1976) e 153 da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil (1988), inciso III (BALEEIRO, 2010). Eles permitem a dedução de algumas despesas pessoais básicas. As deduções à coleta são estruturantes em um modelo de tributação da renda e um meio de materializar os valores da redistributividade, da pessoalidade, da proteção da família e da progressividade do imposto e, até, para suster a desigualdade, permitindo adequá-las às despesas pessoais e familiares do contribuinte [Teixeira (2010, p. 44); Pires e Pires (2010, p. 347); Catarino e Guimarães (2014); OCDE (2011; 2012)]. Esses valores materializam a ideia de justiça social, que constitui um valor constitucional largamente consagrado em inúmeros Estados, Portugal e Brasil incluídos (CATARINO, 2016). Este estudo analisa a resiliência desses valores fundamentais em face de situações de grave crise financeira, em que os Estados adotam reformas financeiras e fiscais com o objetivo essencial de arrecadação de mais receita. Adota-se como estudo de caso a reforma do imposto de renda na recente crise financeira portuguesa (2008 a 2012), durante a qual foi parcialmente executado o Memorando de Entendimento sobre as Condicionantes de Política Econômica (Memorando da Troika ou MoU – Memorandum of Understanding), no qual Portugal assumiu a obrigação de realizar um enorme esforço de consolidação fiscal e sustentabilidade financeira das contas públicas a longo prazo pela via da receita tributária. E conclui-se que os valores constitucionais que enformam o modelo de imposto de renda não garantem suficientemente os mais elevados padrões de justiça na tributação, uma vez que não impedem a descaracterização essencial do modelo de tributação dessa renda por razões totalmente alheias a sua ideia de justiça.
Os atores interestatais no desenvolvimento regional e a participação social: a atuação dos grupos argentinos nos projetos de infraestrutura da IIRSA e do FOCEM
Authors: Diz Jamile Bergamaschine Mata , Paula Mariana Porto de , Secches Daniela Vieira
Published: December 2016

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a participação da sociedade civil, por meio da identificação dos grupos de interesse argentinos, nos processos de integração regional, com destaque para a utilização e aplicação dos recursos originados do Fundo de Convergência Estrutural do Mercosul (FOCEM) e da Iniciativa para a Infraestrutura da Região Sul-americana (IIRSA), como uma vertente ancorada na União das Nações Sul-americanas (UNASUL). A metodologia buscou, ainda, por meio do método comparativo entre os mecanismos de redução de assimetrias regionais, delimitar as diferenças nos projetos de infraestrutura aprovados nos anos de 2012 e 2013, considerando as preferências dos grupos argentinos. Conclui––se sobre o distanciamento entre as preferências dos atores sociais estudados e o potencial dos modelos de integração correntes. Enquanto a IIRSA reforça o subde-senvolvimento latino-americano, o FOCEM é capaz de reduzir assimetrias regionais, mas não possui recursos suficientes para promover uma efetiva convergência infraestrutural regional.