bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of simulated gastrointestinal digestion on chickpea protein, and its hydrolysate physicochemical properties, erythrocyte haemolysis inhibition, and chemical antioxidant activity
Authors: Liang Xuerong , Mao Xiaoying , wu Qingzhi , Zhang Jian , Zhu Xinrong
Published: May 2023

Chickpea protein and its hydrolysates have good antioxidant activity. Proteins and peptides are degraded and modified in the gastrointestinal tract before being digested and absorbed, a process that changes their physicochemical and biological properties. Changes in structure and antioxidant capacity of the chickpea protein and its hydrolysates after simulated gastrointestinal digestion were studied. The secondary structure, amino acid composition, and chemical antioxidant activity of chickpea protein and its hydrolysates were determined, and their protective effects on AAPH-induced erythrocyte oxidative damage were studied. Results showed that chickpea protein hydrolysate was easier to be digested by the gastrointestinal tract than chickpea protein. After digestion, the chemical antioxidant capacity of chickpea protein and its hydrolysates increased in a dose-dependent manner, and showed a protective effect against erythrocytes AAPH-induced oxidative damage. Chickpea protein and its hydrolysates can be used as natural antioxidants to promote healthy digestion.
Development of mature coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) probiotic beverage: Physicochemical characteristics, microbial count, antioxidant activity, and sensory acceptance
Authors: Aziz Nurul Shahirah , Chin Zhi Kei , Mohd Razali Noorul Syuhada , Sofian-Seng Noor Soffalina , Kasim Khairul Farihan
Published: May 2023

Mature coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water is a by-product of coconut milk and oil industries that can be transformed into value-added products as part of a sustainable and zero-waste effort. In the present work, mature coconut water was fermented using kefir grains to produce probiotic beverage, and the present work aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics, microbial counts, antioxidant activities, and sensory acceptance of the developed mature coconut water kefir (MCWK) in comparison with mature coconut water (MCW) and water kefir (WK). Results showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) lactic acid and ethanol contents in MCWK relative to WK, which was attributed to the higher counts of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. The fermentation was also apparent in MCWK, exhibiting significantly lower (p < 0.05) pH value at different fermentation days. Significantly (p < 0.05) highest total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities [DPPH radical-scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] were recorded by MCWK after three days of fermentation. Sensory acceptance test also demonstrated that fermentation of MWK with kefir grains improved the palatability and acceptance. MCWK fermented for three days resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) highest overall acceptance mean score (n = 30). In conclusion, the complex microbial consortia in kefir grains can be used to produce MCW probiotic beverage with functional properties.
Biodegradation of aflatoxin B1 by Bacillus subtilis YGT1 isolated from yoghurt
Authors: Al-Mamari Ahoud , Al-Sadi Abdullah Mohammed , Al-Harrasi Majida Mohammed Ali , Sathish Babu Soundra Pandian , Al-Mahmooli Issa Hashil , Velazhahan Rethinasamy
Published: May 2023

Aflatoxin contamination of food products is recognised as a major food safety concern throughout the world because of its carcinogenic, mutagenic, and immunosuppressive effects on human health. Of the various types of aflatoxins, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the ubiquitous and most threatening foodborne mycotoxin to humans. A wide range of detoxification methods is used to reduce the toxic effects of AFB1. In the present work, the ability of probiotics isolated from yoghurt (produced by bacterial fermentation of milk), “laban” (fermented milk beverage), and “idli” batter (fermented rice and black gram) in the detoxification of AFB1 was investigated under laboratory conditions. Among the four isolates from fermented foods evaluated, the isolate YGT1 from yoghurt showed the maximum (83.8%) degradation of AFB1 in Luria-Bertani (LB) liquid medium after 48 h of incubation at 30°C. The degradation of AFB1 by the probiotic isolate was further confirmed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the bacterial isolate YGT1 was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The culture supernatant and heat-treated culture supernatant (boiled for 30 min) of B. subtilis YGT1 also exhibited degradation of AFB1, thus suggesting the involvement of thermostable bioactive compound(s) in the degradation of AFB1. These results suggested that B. subtilis YGT1 isolated from yoghurt may be a promising candidate for exploitation in food and feed industries for the removal of AFB1.
Prediction of quality traits in dry pepper powder using visible and near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Theanjumpol Parichat , Kaur Amanjot , Muenmanee Nadthawat , Chanbang Yaowaluk , Maniwara Phonkrit
Published: May 2023

Fruit quality phenotyping is a bottleneck in plant breeding. The present work aimed to investigate the applicability of visible (Vis) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for quality evaluation in dry red chili powder. We constructed prediction models for the American Spice Trade Association (ASTA)-colour and the Scoville Heat Unit (SHU)-pungency pepper traits using spectroscopy and multivariate statistical techniques. Predictive partial least squares (PLS) models were successfully achieved with high correlations (r) between the predicted and reference values for calibration and validation (r = 0.955 and 0.928 for ASTA-colour; r = 0.941 and 0.918 for SHU-pungency). Spectroscopy data from visible and short-wave radiation (Vis-SWNIR) provided the most robust (residual predictive deviation value) model for ASTA-colour (RPD = 2.84) and long-wave radiation (LWNIR) for SHU-pungency (RPD = 2.48). Spectral categories for wavelength range selection, variable importance for effective wavelength selection, and root mean press-statistic for factor selection were important criteria for PLS. Trait variance and distribution were also important criteria for the predictive capacity and power of the models. In conclusion, non-invasive spectroscopy was a promising tool in our study for dry red chili quality phenotyping.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of Prosopis cineraria (khejri tree) leaves for their preservative potential in minced mutton
Authors: Jairath Gauri , Gadekar Yogesh P , Shinde Ajay K , Sharma Priya , Jose Seiko , Bhatt Randhir S , Saxena Vijay
Published: May 2023

With an objective to extend the shelf life with improved microbial safety by natural means without compromising sensory attributes, lyophilised khejri tree leaf extract (LKE) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The LKE was subjected to preliminary scrutiny followed by FTIR mediated analysis and RP-HPLC, then its antioxidant activity was accessed. Five batches of minced mutton were prepared as C-1 (negative control with no LKE or BHA), C-2 (positive control with 200 ppm BHA), T-1 (0.05% LKE), T-2 (0.1% LKE), and T-3 (0.5% LKE). FTIR analysis showed C=O-CH3, C=C, C-O, and O-H peaks at 1028, 1609, and 1445 cm-1 wave numbers, respectively. The LKE was found to have six phenolic compounds namely p-hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid. In minced mutton, LKE was found to be significantly (p ≤ 0.05) more effective preservative than BHA at 0.5% level of incorporation in terms of TBARS value, tyrosine values, and microbial quality. During storage, the decrease in ERV and increase in total plate count were at a slower rate in treated samples and were devoid of coliform counts. However, sensory attributes at 0.5% LKE incorporation level were negatively affected, and imparted greenish tinge to minced mutton. The present work concluded that LKE might be incorporated without compromising sensory attributes. Further, preservative effects at 0.1% level were at par with BHA (200 ppm), and extended the minced mutton’s shelf life up to 9 d at refrigerated temperature.
Quality of processed chicken breast with wooden chicken for sausage formulation
Authors: Pissolato Bruna , Padilha Rosiele Lappe , Sant Anna Voltaire
Published: May 2023

An increased incidence of muscular alterations in broiler meat has been observed, which is referred to as wooden breast. The present work aimed to produce two formulations of chicken sausages with 20 and 40% of moderated accentuated impairment of wooden breast, and compare them with normal breast as control formulation in terms of microbiological, nutritional, and physicochemical parameters including pH, shear force, textural profile, and sensorial characteristics. Results found that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the carbohydrates, moisture, lipids, proteins, and shear force between the control formulation and the formulations with 20 and 40% wooden breast. However, in term of pH, there were significant differences (p < 0.05) between all three formulations. There was also a significant difference (p < 0.05) in term of hardness when comparing the control formulation with the formulations of 20 and 40% wooden breast, as well as adhesiveness and chewiness. There was a also significant difference (p < 0.05) in term of smoky aroma when comparing the control formulation with the formulations of 20 and 40% wooden breast, as well as texture defects and pink colour. The moderated accentuated impairment of wooden breast presents a technological potential for the production of chicken sausage. Finally, it was found that the formulation with 20% wooden breast was proven a better option. In this regard, it can be considered as an alternative to reduce economic losses incurred by the poultry industry since processing guarantees the characteristics of the final product including its sensorial quality are without unfavourable effects.
Collagen peptide chelated zinc nanoparticles from tilapia scales for zinc supplementation
Authors: Guo Honghui , Hong Zhuan , Yan Guangyu
Published: May 2023

Collagen peptide chelated zinc (CPCZ) nanoparticles were prepared using collagen peptide hydrolysate from tilapia scales. The nano-chelating ability of collagen peptide hydrolysates treated with ten enzymes was evaluated. Among these collagen peptide hydrolysates, trypsin hydrolysate exhibited the best nano-chelating ability. The molecular weight distribution of trypsin hydrolysate that produced CPCZ nanoparticles indicated that most of the peptides were less than 1,000 Da. These small molecular peptides with excellent nanozinc-chelating ability were chelated with zinc ions to form CPCZ nanoparticles. CPCZ nanoparticles were nearly spherical with an average diameter of approximately 100 nm, and a zinc content of 13.2%. Transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry was used to measure the physicochemical properties of the CPCZ nanoparticles. Their cytotoxicity was also estimated by BHK21 cells. Result indicated that the CPCZ nanoparticles were non-toxic to BHK-21, and such nanoparticles significantly enhanced the survival of cells. The present work suggested that CPCZ nanoparticles could be used as zinc supplementation in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Optimisation of extrusion conditions for production of antioxidant-rich extruded breakfast cereals from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) and red rice using response surface methodology
Authors: Senevirathna Sri Sampath Janaka , Ramli Nurul Shazini , Azman Ezzat Mohamad , Juhari Nurul Hanisah , Karim Roselina
Published: May 2023

Purple sweet potato powder (PSPP) is rich in anthocyanins and other polyphenols that provide excellent antioxidant and other biological activities with potential health benefits. In the present work, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise the extrusion processing conditions to develop healthy breakfast cereals. The independent variables studied included barrel temperature, screw speed, and feed moisture. The linear terms of barrel temperature and feed moisture content were found to be the significant (p < 0.05) factors affecting the product's functional and physicochemical properties. The expansion property of extrudate significantly (p < 0.001) increased at low temperature, high screw speed, and low feed moisture. The recommended optimum extrusion conditions of barrel temperature, screw speed, and feed moisture content were at 157.0°C, 126.0 rpm, and 13.0%, respectively; and under these optimum conditions, significantly high retention (75.0%) of anthocyanin content was detected. Furthermore, scanning electron micrographs depicted that the optimised breakfast cereals had a better cell structure with smoother and thinner cell walls than the non-optimised samples.
Simplified QuEChERS technique followed by UHPLC-MS/MS analysis for the determination bisphenol A in whole and powdered milk
Authors: Souza Patrícia Santos , Krauss Thomas Manfred , Sartori André Victor , Abrantes Shirley Mello Pereira
Published: May 2023

Bisphenol A (BPA), an important endocrine disruptor, is employed in the manufacturing of many materials such as food packaging. The ingestion of contaminated food is considered the most relevant form of exposure to this compound. Data concerning the presence of this contaminant in milk in Brazil, however, are still lacking. In this context, an analytical method for the determination of BPA in ultrahigh temperature (UHT) milk, pasteurised milk, and milk powder was developed. A modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method was used for sample treatment, and BPA was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The method was selective for BPA in all investigated milk samples. No matrix effects were observed, thus indicating that calibration curves could be prepared in solvent for routine analysis. The method presented satisfactory accuracy, with recovery values between 78 and 94%. Relative standard deviation values obtained in the repeatability (11%) and intermediate precision (4.8%) studies were also satisfactory (HorRatr and HorRatR values less than 2). The analyte limits of detection and quantification were 0.12 and 0.36 ng/g for while milk, and 0.40 and 1.20 ng/g for reconstituted milk powder (1:10), respectively, and the sensitivity of the analytical method was considered adequate for the purpose of the present work.
A Review on Recent Achievements and Challenges in Electrochemical Machining of Tungsten Carbide
Authors: Asmael Mohammed , Memarzadeh Amin
Published: May 2023

Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a modern, unconventional manufacturing technique that uses the electrochemical dissolution of metal to produce pieces with a predetermined shape, dimensions, and surface polish. Tungsten carbide (WC) is used in many fields and applications due to its high wear resistance and hardness. WC is used in cutting tools, mining and drilling equipment, wear parts, industrial machinery, aerospace and defence components, and medical equipment. It gives a workpiece a particular shape and number of boreholes, removes a damaged outer coat, and eliminates surface roughness. Though the ECM of WC is fraught with difficulties and obstacles, altering the electrolytes and refining the technological equipment and process of the ECM of WC can help improve machining accuracy and stability. In the current study, we examined the ECM of WC and compiled a reliable database from reliable sources using the keywords "electrochemical machining" and "tungsten carbide". Research papers constitute the majority of these publications. It was discussed how WC behaves anodically as it applies to ECM, which experiments were conducted with various electrolytes, and how they performed. Several ECM modes have been considered, and each mode has been evaluated in detail for challenges and gaps.
 
Received: 30 March 2023 | Revised: 20 April 2023 | Accepted: 9 May 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
Mohammed Asmael is the Associate Editor for Archives of Advanced Engineering Science, and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
El sujeto docente ausente de las movilizaciones educativas: Un análisis del discurso docente
Authors: Cornejo Rodrigo , Insunza Javier
Published: May 2023

Este artículo presenta un análisis acerca del lugar ocupado por el sujeto docente en el movimiento social chileno por la educación. Dicho análisis se construye a partir de los hallazgos de una investigación recientemente realizada con docentes de enseñanza secundaria de Santiago, cuyo objetivo fue comprender las dimensiones de la politicidad del trabajo en el discurso docente. El enfoque del estudio fue el análisis crítico del discurso, utilizando el modelo de análisis trifactorial de Fairclough. Encontramos que el discurso producido por los docentes se enmarca en los límites del orden discursivo hegemónico. Los docentes niegan la dimensión política del trabajo, asociándola a lo revindicativo institucional. En su discurso, la realidad educativa y social se muestra producida como evento natural, no susceptible a modificación por la acción de los sujetos. Su discurso sobre la memoria es fragmentado; los docentes y estudiantes son producidos en él como actores pasivos de la realidad educativa. Estos fenómenos discursivos se distancian de aspectos centrales del discurso construido por organizaciones estudiantiles a lo largo de la última década.
Movimientos laborales de trabajadores subcontratados en la minería privada del cobre en Chile
Authors: Leiva Sandra , Campos Alí
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo analiza la movilización de mayo de 2010 de los trabajadores subcontratados en una empresa minera privada de la Región de Tarapacá. A la luz de teorías sociológicas contemporáneas (Beck, Giddens, Sennett), así como las de  los nuevos movimientos sociales (teoría de movilización de recursos y teoría de las identidades colectivas), se analizan entrevistas realizadas a trabajadores subcontratados y a empleados de planta de la compañía. Los resultados indican que las movilizaciones de los contratistas de las empresas mineras privadas están constituyendo un nuevo movimiento social que, en la búsqueda de condiciones laborales más justas y disminución de desigualdades arbitrarias, están interpelando hoy a la sociedad.
Characteristics of body scrub from seaweed (Ulva lactuca) and turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa)]
Authors: Raihanna Leku Putri , Surilayani Dini , Pratama Ginanjar , Hasanah Afifah Nurazizatul
Published: May 2023

Ulva lactuca is one of the green seaweeds that widely developed as a cosmetic preparation. U. lactuca has the potential to be used as seaweed salt and the residue of seaweed salt can be used as a body scrub preparation material. In addition, natural ingredients that can be used for cosmetic preparations are turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome. This study aimed to determine the optimum formulation and the best physical characteristics of seaweed (U. lactuca) and turmeric (C. longa) rhizomes. This study was experimental with four treatments and two replications, the concentration of the scrub preparation was 7% U. lactuca salt residue and 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% turmeric rhizome powder. The best body scrub preparation is the F3 treatment with a pH value, viscosity and spreadability that meets the requirements for cosmetic preparations, all treatments can moisturize the skin and do not cause irritation to the skin, has an M/A emulsion type, a body scrub preparation that is stable, has the appearance, texture, panelists preferred color and aroma. All treatments showed that formulations with the addition of gram residues of U. lactuca and turmeric rhizome could affect the characteristics of the resulting scrub preparations.
EFFECT OF VARIOUS IRRIGATION LEVELS AND FERTILIZER MATERIALS ON WATER USE AND YIELD OF ONION UNDER CHECK BASIN IRRIGATION
Authors: Uchechukwu Eze Engr. Oliver , Emmanuel Ugwuegbu Ikechukwu
Published: May 2023

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of various irrigation levels and fertilizer materials on water use and yield of onion crop (Allium cepa L.). The experiment was carried out at the Irrigation Research Farm which is located at latitude 110 11’ N longitude 70 38’E and 686m above the mean sea level in the Northern Guinea Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria (semi-arid zone). A randomized block design was used, with four irrigation levels and three fertilizer materials in three replications. Water was conveyed to the check basins using calibrated 7.5cm diameter Plastic pipes under observation using stopwatch. The minimum crop water use was 275.4mm corresponding to the treatment 25% irrigation level and chicken droppings (CH) while the maximum CWU was 405.2mm corresponding to 100% irrigation level and Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium (NPK). The crop water use efficiency varied from a minimum value of 1.24kg/m3 recorded at 25% irrigation level and NPK to a maximum value of 2.41 kg/m3 recorded at 100% irrigation level and CD. The highest irrigation water use efficiency of 1.02kg/m3 was recorded at 25% irrigation level and CH while the corresponding lowest value of 0.23kg/m3 was recorded at the 75% irrigation level and NPK. This implies that irrigation water use efficiency has an indirect relationship with irrigation level. The biomass yield ranged from the minimum of 22.0 t/ha recorded at the 75% irrigation level and NPK to the maximum of 39.2t/ha obtained from 100% irrigation level and CH. After curing, the yield ranged from 13.9t/ha to 25.6t/ha obtained from 25% irrigation level and CD and 100% irrigation level and CH respectively.
A Comparative Study on Human Views in Mythologies and Webtoons
Authors: Seo Y.S.
Published: May 2023

Myths can provide a cross-section of human views in ancient societies. This study compared Zeus in Greek mythology and Hwanung in Korean mythology. This study also analyzed Lore Olympus and Baro-Jamneun-Sunaebo to derive their views of human beings. As a result, this study derived the following findings: First, it is confirmed that the Zeus and Hwanung who appear in the webtoons are similar to their prototypes. However, the Zeus and Hwanung in webtoons live and dress in the context of the modern era. Second, there was a difference between the two cultures in how humans are viewed in the two myths and webtoons. Lore Olympus shows that humans, as seen through Zeus, are imperfect beings with divine origins and nature and the relationship between humans and gods is vertical. In addition, human beings worship heroes who must endure hardships while constantly learning in a person-centered way. This study also reveals that in Baro-Jamneun-Sunaebo, based on Korean mythology, human beings examined through Hwanung prioritize community, value moral life, and grow through training and overcoming hardships because they are beings who can become gods themselves. This study presents the human view of the two cultures through the analysis of webtoon characters, which is expected to contribute academically and practically to understanding different cultures.
What do we know about kisspeptin?
Authors: Akgün Nilufer , Dilbaz Berna
Published: May 2023

Kisspeptins are a group of peptide fragments that are expressed by the neurons of the hypothalamus mainly in the arcuate, dorsal-medial and antero ventricular, periventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus besides the amygdala.1 Initially, Kisspeptin via its G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) was introduced to have an important role in cancer biology with its metastasis suppression effect. In light of recent research, Kisspeptin is found to have a major role in the neuroendocrine
reproductive axis through the Kisspeptin 1 (KISS1) gene. The KISS1 gene that encodes Kisspeptin was first discovered
in 1996 by researchers from the United States of America. Kisspeptinreceptors are also expressed by the same neurons.
Kisspeptin has a pivotal role in reproduction through the hypothalamic-hypophysial axis while exerting an extra
hypothalamic function on sexual and emotional behavior.
Comparison of spasticity measurements with surface electromyography in the affected and unaffected side of children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy
Authors: Duman Tolga , Çıtaker Seyit
Published: May 2023

Aims: Various methods are used in the evaluation of spasticity, which is common in Cerebral Palsy (CP). However, studies
measuring upper extremity spasticity with Surface Electromyography (sEMG) were found to be insufficient in children with
CP. In this study, the comparison of Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and sEMG measurements for bilateral upper extremity
spasticity in children with Hemiparetic CP was aimed.
Methods: 33 (11.03 ± 3.82 years, 11F-2M) patients with hemiparetic CP and 32 healthy controls (10.31± 2.88 years, 16F-16M) with a similar mean age were included in the study.
Results: Upper extremity spasticities of both sides of the cases were evaluated with MAS and SEMG. Affected side MAS results were found to be higher than the unaffected side (p<0.05). The mean sEMG value of the wrist flexors was lower on the affected side during voluntary contraction and higher during voluntary relaxation (p<0.05). In addition, the maximum percentage of voluntary contraction was measured higher on the affected side (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Spasticity, as assessed by sEMG and MAS, was increased on the affected side. MAS and sEMG give consistent
results. These results show us that the YEMG method can be used for spasticity measurements. It is considered that MAS would be a preferable method in evaluating spasticity owing to the fact that it is easy to use and it does not constitute extra costs.
Bilateral capitellar fracture’s: a case report
Authors: Horoz Levent , Çakmak Mehmet Fevzi
Published: May 2023

Bilateral capitellar fractures are very rare injuries. If the anatomy is not restored properly, limitation in elbow movements
and permanent disability are inevitable. Fixation of the capittal fracture to allow early movement is important. In prolonged
immobilization, limitation of movement is encountered. We present a case of a 52 years old women affected by a shear fracture of a capitellum after fall from chair. Open reduction and internal fixation were performed for both capitellum fractures. Early rehabilitation was initiated to prevent joint motion contracture. As a result of the long-term follow-up of the patient, no limitations were observed in the activities of daily living. We suggest early rehabilitation following open reduction and internal fixation in patients admitted to us with capitellum fracture.
Complications and associated risk factors of image guided biopsies of thoracic lesions
Authors: Sipahioğlu Serdar
Published: May 2023

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the complications and associated risk factors of image guided percutaneus transthoracic biopsies of throracic lesions.
Methods: Fifty-seven patients who had an ultrasound and computed tomography-guided percutaneous fine needle and tru-cut biopsy between 2006-2008 were evaluated retrospectively. Sixty biopsies were performed. Sensitivity and accuracy were calculated, and each patient was reviewed for complications, including pneumothorax and thoracic tube insertion.
Results: Fine needle aspiration and tru-cut biopsy results in sensitivities and accuracies were similar to those in the literature. Pneumothorax was the most frequent complication. Length of normal lung parenchyma between the lesion and pleura and repeated puncture of the pleura more than two times were associated with an increased rate of pneumothorax and the results were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Transthoracic computed tomography and ultrasound-guided biopsies are found to be cheap, easily achievable, and safe processes.
Current epidemiology, risk factors, classification and pathophysiology in central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Horozoğlu Ceran Tuğce , Çıtırık Mehmet
Published: May 2023

Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is one of the important posterior segment diseases that threaten vision in middle-aged men. While the incidence in men is 9.9 per 100,000, it is 1.7 per 100,000 in women. Fellow eyes of patients with CSCR are usually asymptomatic. CSCR can be acute, recurrent, or chronic. Many risk factors for CSCR have been identified, such as genetic, environmental, drug, and other diseases. Optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, fundus fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography are used for diagnosis.
The Improving of the Student’s Vocabulary Achievement through Crossword Game in the New Normal Era
Authors: Bella Yolanda Dita , Rahayu Endang Mastuti
Published: May 2023

This research attempted to verify improved vocabulary achievement using the Crossword Game for the eleventh-grade students of SMAN 1 Krian. The method used was classroom action research. The reason why this research was done is because of the pre–cycle outcome. Only five students passed the criteria of minimum score (KKM). So, the researcher wanted to give fun vocabulary learning through Crossword Games. This research was done in 3 cycles. And the subject was one class of eleventh-grade students, which was a class that consisted of 28 students. The instruments were observation, tests, and questionnaires. According to the data analysis, the second cycle's scores are higher than the first. From 17% in pre–test to 75% in post–test 1, it meant that there was an improvement about 58%. Post-test 2, the students passed 85%. Observation showed that students became more engaged when crossword games were used, and their activities dominated the learning process. As much as 92% of students gave a positive opinion about crossword games that said crossword was fun, engaging, and easy for students to study vocabulary. Therefore, teaching the English language using crossword puzzle games could improve the students' vocabulary achievement.
A polymer-based artificial microenvironment for enhancing cell adhesion
Authors: Lee Su-Han , Park Hye Bin , Sung Sang-Keun , Lee Ju Kyung , Kim Hyung Jin
Published: May 2023

An efficient platform capable of cell adhesion needs to be developed to understand cell activities such as cell differentiation, diffusion, and migration. The basic sequence of cell adhesion involves cells communicating with their environment by generating mechanical and chemical signals. Thin polymeric films with micro- or nano-patterns are widely used to support cell growth with conformal contact at the biointerface. However, stable and biocompatible films with high reproducibility on a flexible substrate remain a challenge. As described here, we developed micro-pattern poly(tetrafluoroethyleneco-perfluoro-3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octenesulfonic acid) (Nafion) films fabricated by a molding process. We present the fabrication and characterization of flexible, micro-patterned Nafion films and the evaluation of cell adhesion and alignment on these films. We found that cell adhesion and migration/direction could be modulated by controlling the surface architecture. This approach offers a new platform that constitutes a promising tool for use in flexible cell-based platforms and devices to observe cell-cell and cell-surface interactions.
Investigation on Various Optimizing Strategies used to Reduce Time Delay in Production Activities of Manufacturing Industries in Nigeria
Authors: Mayowa Abioye , Saliu Sule Ihiavi
Published: May 2023

This paper is seeks to investigated the problem of time delay in the production activities of manufacturing industries in Nigeria. This research work is focused on how to identify the root causes of time delay and its solutions in the production activities of manufacturing industries in Nigeria. This also involves identifying the research gaps that need to be pursued further to better understand time delay and the limitations associated with them. The research has identified the works of literature that discusses challenges and limitations of time delay and minimize its effect in production activities. Due to the increase in industries application, there is significant interest in an efficient simulation and optimization of strategies to reduce time delay in production activities. A manufacturing industry (Support system (SS) LTD) work process route sheet is used to demonstrate how the factors using the arena simulation model to detect the causes and effect of time delay and how it can be reduced or eliminated. The use of case studies in the report has identified real-life challenges and opportunities that help to solve the problem of time delay in production activities manufacturing industries in Nigeria using Dangote Cement and Mantrac Nig. Ltd as case studies.
PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY: IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES IN LEGISLATIVE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT PRACTICE
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Toshpulatov Akrom
Published: May 2023

The creation of an effective system of criminal law is one of the priority tasks of the state to ensure law and order, human rights and freedoms, the interests of society and the state, peace and security. The discrepancy between sanctions for committing certain types of crimes and the nature and degree of public danger of acts, including alternative types of punishment, insufficient use and inefficiency of incentive norms and measures of social influence determine the relevance of scientific research in this area. The article analyzes the correspondence of changes and additions to the Criminal Code with the principles of criminal law. Also, based on the analysis of the norms of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, it is substantiated that the penalties provided by law for certain crimes do not correspond to their public danger. The author emphasizes that the principles of humanity and justice should not be regarded as a basis for applying only milder punishment to the guilty. The article presents proposals for distinguishing between the evasion of execution from criminal punishment from the crime of non-execution of judicial acts, the observance of the principle of equality in the imposition of criminal punishment, and the improvement of the system of criminal liability and punishment.
Sulfate formation via aerosol-phase SO2 oxidation by model biomass burning photosensitizers: 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, vanillin and syringaldehyde using single-particle mixing-state analysis
Authors: Zhou Liyuan , Liang Zhancong , Go Brix Raphael , Cuevas Rosemarie Ann Infante , Tang Rongzhi , Li Mei , Cheng Chunlei , Chan Chak K.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) to sulfate has been widely investigated by means of gas-phase and in-cloud chemistry studies. Recent field measurements have shown significant sulfate formation in cloud-free environments with high aerosol loadings. As an important fraction of biomass burning aerosol components, particulate phenolic and non-phenolic aromatic carbonyls may initiate photosensitized multiphase oxidation of SO2 in aerosols, of which our knowledge however is still in its nascent stage. In this study, on the basis of single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) measurements, we find evident sulfate formation in the biomass-burning-derived photosensitizer particles under UV and SO2 exposure, attributable to photosensitized oxidation of S(IV), while almost no sulfate was observed under dark conditions. The efficiency of sulfate production by photosensitizer particles under UV irradiation, represented by the number percentage of sulfate-containing particles (99 %–43 %) and the relative peak area (RPA) of sulfate (0.67–0.12) in single-particle spectra, in descending order, were 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (DMB), vanillin (VL) and syringaldehyde (SyrAld). Internal mixtures of VL and potassium nitrate (KNO3) gave a slightly lower number percentage and RPA of sulfate than VL particles alone. In externally mixed VL and KNO3 particles, sulfate was predominantly formed on the former, confirming that sulfate formation via photosensitization prevails over that via nitrate photolysis. Our results suggest that photosensitized oxidation of S(IV) could make an important contribution to aerosol sulfate formation, especially in areas influenced by biomass burning.
Graphics processing unit accelerated ice flow solver for unstructured meshes using the Shallow Shelf Approximation (FastIceFlo v1.0)
Authors: Sandip Anjali , Räss Ludovic , Morlighem Mathieu
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Ice-sheet flow models capable of accurately projecting their future mass balance constitute tools to improve flood risk assessment and assist sea-level rise mitigation associated with enhanced ice discharge. Some processes that need to be captured, such as grounding line migration, require high spatial resolution (1 km or better). Conventional ice flow models may need significant computational resources because these models mainly execute Central Processing Units (CPUs), which lack massive parallelism capabilities and feature limited peak memory bandwidth. On the other side of the spectrum, Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are ideally suited for high spatial resolution as the calculations at every grid point can be performed concurrently by thousands of threads or parallel workers. In this study, we combine GPUs with the pseudo-transient (PT) method, an accelerated iterative and matrix-free solving approach, and investigate its performance for finite elements and unstructured meshes applied to two-dimensional (2-D) models of real glaciers at a regional scale. For both Jakobshavn and Pine Island glacier models, the number of nonlinear PT iterations to converge for a given number of vertices N scales in the order of O(N1.2) or better. We compared the performance of PT CUDA C implementation with a standard finite-element CPU-based implementation using the metric: price and power consumption to performance. The single Tesla V100 GPU is 1.5 times the price of the two Intel Xeon Gold 6140 CPU processors. The power consumption of the PT CUDA C implementation was approximately one-seventh of the standard CPU implementation for the test cases chosen in this study. We expect a minimum speed-up of >1.5 to justify the Tesla V100 GPU price to performance. We report the performance (or the speed-up) across glacier configurations for degrees of freedom (DoFs) tested to be >1.5 on a Tesla V100. This study is a first step toward leveraging GPU processing power for accurate polar ice discharge predictions. The insights gained from this study will benefit efforts to diminish spatial resolution constraints at increased computing speed. The increased computing speed will allow running ensembles of ice-sheet flow simulations at the continental scale and at high resolution, previously not possible, enabling quantification of model sensitivity to changes in future climate forcings. These findings will be significantly beneficial for process-oriented and sea-level-projection studies over the coming decades.
Impact of contrasting fertilizer technologies on N dynamics from subsurface bands of “pure” or blended fertilizer applications
Authors: Janke Chelsea K. , Bell Michael J.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Enhanced efficiency fertilizer (EEF) technologies that
employ product coatings to delay nitrogen (N) release or are chemically
stabilized to inhibit key steps of N transformations in soil offer
potential for improving N use efficiency (NUE) in agricultural systems.
However, the dynamics of N release and transformation from single
technologies may result in a spatial or temporal mismatch of N supply and
demand during a growing season. This may be overcome by use of blends of
different technologies, provided the reduction in the concentration of
stabilizing products does not reduce effectiveness. Laboratory incubations
quantified the N dynamics around bands of controlled-release fertilizer
(CRF) and nitrification-inhibited (NI) urea and varying blends of these
technologies and referenced this against conventional urea and
biodegradable, plant-oil-coated urea (POCU) applied at the same rates in two
contrasting soils over 60 d. Blends of NI urea (3,4-dimethylpyrazole
phosphate, DMPP urea) and a CRF (polymer-coated urea, PCU) typically
resulted in N concentrations and distribution that were intermediate to those
of the constituent products in unblended applications. Changes in the
proportions of each product were mirrored by urea nitrogen (urea-N) concentrations around
the bands in both soils, while the proportions of DMPP urea in each blend
were only related to the extent of nitrification inhibition in the Vertisol.
A proportion of the POCU granules burst during the early stages of
incubation, resulting in initially higher mineral N concentrations compared to PCU.
However, both CRFs delayed N release and formation of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) relative to
granular urea, and mineral N distribution was similar within each soil. Soil
type had a significant impact on banded N dynamics. Where there was little
effect of N-fertilizer treatment on NO3-N production in the Ferralsol,
the higher impedance to solute transport in the Vertisol contributed to a
significant inhibitory effect of NI urea on nitrification in both pure and
blended DMPP urea treatments. Using NO3-N production as a benchmark for
the risk of environmental loss, the efficacy of fertilizer treatments in
this soil was of DMPP urea / PCU blends (higher ratio of PCU may offer small
but insignificant benefit) > DMPP urea = PCU > urea.
These findings highlight the importance of soil properties in determining
the N dynamics from different banded EEF products. Insights into the
efficacy of biodegradable alternatives to polymer coatings and the efficacy
of blended EEF products can improve the reliability of N supply while
reducing environmental impacts, therefore offering greater opportunities to
sustainably improve fertilizer NUE in cropping systems.
La noción de archivo como estrategia para las prácticas artísticas de mediación expandida en Chile
Authors: Montenegro-González Catalina , Hoecker-Gil Gabriel
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo, da cuenta de los hallazgos de la primera etapa del proyecto de investigación Prácticas artísticas de mediación con comunidades: desafíos para expandir el rol social de las artes en Chile, cuyo objetivo es indagar las prácticas artísticas de mediación para develar sus aportaciones en el campo del arte y su manifestación sociopolítica en Chile y proponer estas experiencias de manera expandida. La metodología es estudio de caso de catorce proyectos artísticos (cinco casos en este artículo), en los cuales se utilizó el archivo como estrategia del arte contemporáneo para el trabajo con comunidades. Se observan tipos de archivo vinculados a prácticas afectivas, relatos audiovisuales, procesos territoriales y narrativas editoriales que dan paso al archivo como estrategia metodológica artística aportativa a la reflexividad y a la recomposición de memoria viva de las comunidades. A partir de estas características, se propone un archivo expandido para desarrollar prácticas artísticas de mediación expandida (PAMEX). Esto da paso a la identificación de los resultados de esta etapa de la investigación vinculados a la definición de formas de recuperar y construir archivos de manera versátil, dinámica, que se recupera y reconstruye, situando a las/los artistas como mediadoras/es. de las prácticas artísticas con comunidades.
La interpretación simbólica de los Días de la Creación
Authors: Virani Shafique N. , Martos Armenteros Virginia
Published: May 2023

La noción de los días de la creación, que culminan en el sagrado séptimo día, o Sabbath, se encuentra en las tres religiones abrahámicas. Mientras que algunos creyentes se aferraban a una comprensión literal de estos días, otros insistían en que la doctrina tenía una profunda importancia esotérica. En la tradición islámica, los que defendían el papel del intelecto en la comprensión de la fe y las escrituras abogaban por el uso de la interpretación simbólica (taʾwīl).  La palabra árabe taʾwīl significa hacer que algo vuelva a su origen o fuente. Entre los más ardientes defensores de la interpretación simbólica se encontraban los ismailíes, una de las dos ramas principales del Shīʿī Islam.  Este artículo explora cómo Ḥakīm Nāṣir-i Khusraw, el famoso poeta persa y dignatario ismailí, entendía los días de la creación y su relación con una jerarquía de la religión (ḥudūd-i dīn) cuyos miembros llevaron a los creyentes a la salvación final.
Introduction
Authors: Tolan John
Published: May 2023

The historiography concerning Medieval Christian Muslim-Relations over the past sixty years has been shaped by two important books: Norman Daniel’s Islam and the West (1960) and Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978).  Each of these works made significant contributions to the field, but each also had serious methodological limitations.  Both works assumed and reinforced a conceptual divide between an imagined Christian West and Muslim East.  Over the past several decades, some of the most interesting and important work in the field has challenged and reconceptualized this dichotomy.
GAYRİMENKUL SERTİFİKALARINDA ASLİ EDİMİN GECİKMESİNDEN YA DA YERİNE GETİRİLMEMESİNDEN DOĞAN HUKUKİ SORUMLULUK
Authors: BÖLÜKBAŞI Özge
Published: May 2023

Ülkemizde konut yatırımlarının artması ve sektörde alım gücüne destek sağlanması amacıyla “gayrimenkul sertifikaları” ihraç edilmektedir. Böylece, bireylerin konut sahibi olmaları sağlanmakta; bir konut alabilecek kadar yatırıma sahip olmayan, fakat bu yatırımlara ortak olmak isteyenlere de piyasalarda alternatif bir finans aracı sunulmaktadır. Günümüzde konut fiyatlarının fahiş bir şekilde arttığını düşünürsek; gayrimenkul sertifikaları, cazip bir yatırım aracı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Buna rağmen sertifikalar ülkemizde yeterince ilgi görmemektedir. Cazibesi yıllar geçtikçe artacağını düşündüğüm bu sertifikaların ülkemize tanıtılması ve olası sorunlara çözüm önerileriyle birlikte sunulması gerekir. Özellikle nakit sıkıntısı ya da depremler gibi sık karşılaşılan sorunlardan dolayı projenin gecikmesi veya gerçekleşmemesi ihtimalinde, kim/kimlerin, hangi hükümlere göre sorumlu olacağı iyi bilinmelidir. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda bir yandan gayrimenkul sertifikalarını kısaca tanıtmak, sertifikaların yasal sınırlarını ve edimlerini belirlemek; diğer yandan ise, asli edim borcunun yerine getirilmemesi ya da gecikmesi halinde hukuki sorumluluğu ve cezai şart sorumluluğunu ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır.