bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Roundtable: What is Holding Librarianship Back from Being more Inclusive of Visible Minorities
Authors: Noor Tamara , Bell Norda , Chan May P. , Liu Guoying , Ramos Astrid
Published: January 2019

For this issue, we asked three librarians and one MLIS candidate to respond to the following question: “According to Statistics Canada, 19.1% of the Canadian population identify themselves as visible minorities, but in the CAPAL census, only 9.1% of respondents identify as members of visible minorities. What is holding librarianship back from being more inclusive of visible minorities?” Enjoy!
İyi ve Zayıf Okuyucular için Okuduğunu Anlama: Kuramsal ve Ampirik Açıdan Bir Bakış
Authors: KOCAARSLAN Mustafa
Published: January 2019

Okuma becerisi bireylerin akademik ve yaşamsal başarısı açısından
eşsiz bir yere sahiptir. “Matthew Ekisi” adlı bir teori, iyi ve zayıf
okuyucuların uzun bir zaman diliminde birbirlerinden nasıl farklılaştığını ve
iyi okuyucuların zayıf okuyuculara göre başta kademik başarı olmak üzere diğer pek
çok alanda nasıl belirgin üstünlükler kazandığını gözler önüne sermektedir.
Okuma becerisinin özünü ise grafiksel sembolleri çözümleyip seslendirme
yapmanın ötesinde bir anlam arayışı ve ona ulaşma süreci olan okuduğunu anlama
becerisi oluşturmaktadır. Okuduğunu anlama, odak noktası okunan şeylerin
anlamını yapılandırma ve yorumlama olan karmaşık, çok boyutlu ve dinamik bir
süreçtir. Güncel literatüre dayalı bir derleme çalışması olan bu araştırmada,
iyi ve zayıf okuyucular için okuduğunu anlam süreci hem teorik ve hem de güncel
araştırmalar ışığında çok yönlü ve bütünsel bir bakış açısıyla incelenmiştir.
Okumanın Temel Teorisi, temel ve üst düzey dil becerileri ve göreve özgü
süreçler olarak bilinen yürütücü işlevlerin okuduğunu anlama üzerindeki etkileri
ele alınarak önemli bilgi ve açıklamalara yer verilmiştir.
Fatores associados ao uso dos resultados de avaliações externas no contexto das políticas de responsabilização educacional
Authors: CERDEIRA DIANA GOMES DA SILVA
Published: January 2019

A disseminação de avaliações externas e mecanismos de responsabilização fazem parte de uma agenda política, que prevê uma nova gestão pública baseada em resultados. Assim, há uma crescente demanda pelo uso dos resultados das avaliações, tanto pela gestão das redes de ensino, como das escolas. A partir da revisão de literatura nacional e internacional, objetivamos mapear os usos que vem sendo feitos e categorizamos dois tipos: superficial e pedagógico. Relacionamos ainda fatores que podem favorecer cada tipo de uso e possíveis conseqüências para as práticas escolares e aprendizagem dos alunos.
Cursos de licenciatura nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia: considerações sobre um novo locus de formação de professores
Authors: Batista Lima Maria Flavia , Barreyro Gladys Beatriz
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo discute a política de expansão das licenciaturas nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (IFs) e problematiza a formação de professores nesse espaço, já que historicamente as instituições federais profissionais ofertaram cursos técnicos de nível médio. O texto é decorrente de pesquisa que analisou dados estatísticos, legislação, documentos governamentais e entrevistas. Finalmente, são apresentados alguns aspectos sobre o modelo de formação docente no IF, que evidencia a prevalência dos conhecimentos específicos disciplinares no currículo dos cursos e menor foco nas discussões das questões pedagógicas.Palavras-chave: Formação de Professores; licenciaturas; Institutos Federais.
Efeitos da Lei do Piso nos vencimentos de professores do Piauí e do Rio Grande do Norte no contexto da política de fundos
Authors: Sales Luis Carlos , França Magna
Published: January 2019

Este artigo analisa os efeitos da Lei do Piso nos vencimentos de professores das redes públicas municipais de Teresina e de Natal e das redes estaduais do Piauí (PI) e do Rio Grande do Norte (RN), tomando como referência de contexto o Fundef e o Fundeb. De cunho documental, a investigação utilizou os vencimentos dos professores, referenciados na Lei do Piso e informações localizadas nos respectivos planos de carreira. Embora de forma diferenciada, a Lei do Piso produziu efeitos positivos nos vencimentos de professores das redes públicas analisadas.
When the chalks are down: the political economy of teachers’ unions protest actions under Ghana’s Fourth Republic
Authors: Amoako-Gyampah Akwasi Kwarteng
Published: January 2019

This article examines teachers’ unions protest actions under Ghana’s Fourth Republic. Situating the analysis within Ghana’s evolving political economy, I show how constraints in Ghana’s political economy as well as its often-faltering macro-economy have influenced and shaped teachers protest actions as well as conditioned governments’ responses to teachers’ unions’ demands.
Análise da evolução dos gastos por aluno em alguns estados brasileiros, suas respectivas capitais e sua relação com o Fundeb
Authors: Sonobe Aline Kazuko , Pinto José Marcelino De Rezende , Ribeiro Josete Maria Cangussú
Published: January 2019

A evolução dos recursos do Fundef/Fundeb e dos gastos com Manutenção e Desenvolvimento do Ensino por aluno foi analisada em dez estados brasileiros (MG, MS, MG, PA, PI, PR, RN, RS, SC e SP) e em suas respectivas capitaisno período de 2006 a 2014. Houve um crescimento no valor/aluno, sendo parte desse aumento decorrente da redução dematrículas. Houve também uma diferença significativa entre os gastos por aluno das capitais com os respectivos gastos das redes estaduais, o que mostra a dificuldade de se garantir o princípio constitucional de igualdade de condições de acesso e permanência.
Jornada de trabalho docente e o cumprimento da Lei do Piso nas capitais
Authors: Jacomini Márcia Aparecida , Gil Juca , Castro Edimária Carvalho de
Published: January 2019

Neste artigo analisamos a duração e a composição das jornadas de trabalho do professor da Educação Básica das capitais. O objetivo é saber se a Lei nº 11.738/2008 estava sendo cumprida, em 2016. no aspecto relativo à composição da jornada de trabalho Trata-se de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, com base na legislação sobre planos de carreira e na literatura acadêmica sobre o tema. Verificamos que havia grande diversidade na duração e na composição da jornada dos professores e que a maioria das capitais não cumpria a Lei do Piso. Por outro lado, em algumas capitais o percentual da jornada destinado às atividades de apoio à docência ultrapassava 1/3, mínimo estabelecido na Lei de 2008.
Zamansal Baz Uzunluğunun İleri Nesil Yapay Açıklı Radar Uydu Verilerinin Konum Doğruluğu Üzerindeki Etki Analizi
Authors: SEFERCİK Umut Güneş
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmada, 2007 yılından günümüze dek yörüngeye oturtulan ve yeni nesil yapay açıklı radar (SAR) uyduları olarak betimlenen misyonların lideri konumundaki TerraSAR-X (TSX) uydusundan elde edilen dijital yüzey modelleri (DYM) üzerinde zamansal baz uzunluğunun etki analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uyduların aynı bölge üzerinden iki farklı geçişi arasındaki zamansal baz uzunluğu, DYM kalitesi üzerinde doğrudan etkili bir interferometrik parametredir. Çalışmada, bu parametrenin TSX’den üretilen DYM kalitesindeki etkisinin saptanması için aralarında TSX’in en kısa tekrar geçiş süresi olan 1 periyot (11 gün) bulunan bir interferometrik SAR (InSAR) görüntü çifti ile 17 periyot (187 gün) bulunan ikinci bir çiftin karşılaştırmalı doğruluk analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizlerde, zamansal baz uzunluğu etkisinin direkt olarak kanıtlanabilmesi için sonucu etkiyebilecek diğer tüm parametrelerin eşdeğer olduğu görüntü çiftleri kullanılmıştır. Uygulamalar, Berlin, Almanya üzerinde 20 km’lik bir alanı kapsayan 15 alçalış yönünde alınmış yüksek çözünürlüklü spotlight (HS) mod TSX görüntüsü ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. DYM’ler 2 m grid aralığında üretilmiş olup kalite göstergesi olan mutlak düşey doğruluklar radargrametri tekniği ile elde edilmiş ve yine 2 m çözünürlüklü bir referans DYM ile model bazlı kıyaslama yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizler yerleşim alanı ve orman alanı sınıfları için ayrı ayrı yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, zamansal baz uzunluğunun DYM kalitesi üzerinde beklenenden daha büyük bir etki yarattığını ve 1 periyotluk minimum zamansal baz uzunluğunda elde edilen DYM’lerin 17 periyotluk süre sonunda elde edilene göre hem yerleşim hem de ormanlık alanda yaklaşık %20 daha başarılı olduğu gerçeğini ortaya koymuştur. 
Tornalamada Oluşan Yüzey Pürüzlülüğünün Yorulma Ömrüne Etkisinin Teorik Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZERKAN Hacı Bekir
Published: January 2019

İmalat esnasında imalatın tipine göre oluşan yüzey pürüzlülük profili ve boyutları, yüzeylerde gerilme yığılması ve bunun sonucunda çatlak oluşumu ile başlayan yorulma hasar mekanizmasının oluşumunu tetikleyen bir yapı sergilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, alüminyum 6061-T913 alaşımından çap 40 mm, boy 200 mm olarak hazırlanan deney numuneleri değişik kesme parametreleri ile CNC torna tezgahında işlendikten sonra oluşan yüzey pürüzlülükleri ölçülerek bu değerler yüzey pürüzlülüğüne bağlı olarak yorulma ömürlerinin teorik olarak hesaplanmasında kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra ölçülen yüzey pürüzlülükleri kullanılarak “√𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎” modeli ile yorulma ömrü hesaplanmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Kesme hızının 100 m/dk’dan 400 m/dk’ya artırıldığında yüzey pürüzlülüğünün azaldığı, ilerlemenin artırılması ile yüzey pürüzlülüğünün arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan teorik hesaplamalar sonucunda ise yüzey pürüzlüğünün artmasıyla yorulmanın daha düşük gerilmelerde, azalmasıyla ise yorulma hasarının daha yüksek gerilme değerlerinde başlayıp meydana gelebileceği anlaşılmıştır. 
Combining Drug and Psychological Treatments for Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder: What is the Evidence, When and for Whom
Authors: Albert Umberto , Di Salvo Gabriele , Solia Francesca , Rosso Gianluca , Maina Giuseppe
Published: January 2019

Background:

Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy
(CBT) are first-line treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Since
response is often inadequate, in recent years researchers investigated whether combining CBT
and SRIs, either ab initio or sequentially, results in a greater reduction of obsessivecompulsive
symptoms.

Objective:

The aims of the present paper are to assess if combination treatment seems adding
benefits as compared to either monotherapy alone and if sequential strategies may be effective
in converting partial or non responders to a first-line treatment into responders.

Method:

We reviewed available literature on pharmacological and CBT combination and sequential
treatments for adult and pediatric OCD patients and then we conducted a separate
analysis for studies concerning these two promising strategies. Search results included openlabel
trials and randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Results:

We identified ten controlled studies assessing the efficacy of combination treatments
ab initio versus CBT alone and six evaluating combination strategies ab initio versus medications
alone. Eleven studies, only two of which were RCTs, have been published on sequential
treatments. The combination ab initio of CBT and SRIs has not been found to be clearly superior
to either monotherapy alone in most studies conducted on this topic, except for patients
with severe depression who might benefit more from the combination versus only CBT. A
sequential administration of CBT after medications has been found useful in promoting remission
in patients who partially responded to drugs and in promoting response in resistant
patients.

Conclusion:

OCD patients with comorbid major depression should receive medication firstly,
eventually associated with CBT; for all remaining patients there is clear evidence from the
literature of no additive benefits of combining ab initio CBT and medication. Therefore, the
routine use of a combination approach in all adult patients affected by OCD is not supported
by the literature. The available evidence supports the effectiveness of the sequential addition
of CBT to SRIs.
Obsessive-compulsive Disorder with Comorbid Bipolar Disorders: Clinical Features and Treatment Implications
Authors: Mucci Federico , Toni Cristina , Favaretto Ettore , Vannucchi Giulia , Marazziti Donatella , Perugi Giulio
Published: January 2019

Background:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms within the context of a bipolar disorder (BD) have been described since the 19th century. Interestingly, the existence of a relevant overlap between the aforementioned psychiatric syndromes has been confirmed by a number of recent epidemiological and family studies.

Aims:

The aim of the present paper is to review the clinical features and the therapeutic implications of the OCD-BD comorbidity.

Discussion:

In the last two decades, the frequent association between OCD and BD has been earning a growing interest given its relevant nosological and therapeutic implications. Usually patients suffering from OCD-BD comorbidity show a peculiar clinical course, characterized by a larger number of concomitant depressive episodes and episodic course. In these cases, the treatment with antidepressants is more likely to elicit hypomanic or manic switches, while mood stabilizers significantly improve the overall clinical picture. Moreover, OCD-BD patients are frequently comorbid with a number of other psychiatric disorders, in particular anxiety disorders, social phobia, and different substance abuses, such as alcohol, nicotine, caffeine and sedatives.

Conclusions:

BD-OCD comorbidity needs further investigations in order to provide more solid evidences to give patients a more precise clinical diagnosis and a more targeted therapeutic approach.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Analysis of Some Novel Complexes of Phenyl Thiourea Derivatives with Copper
Authors: Mathur Neha , Jain Nisha , Sharma A.K.
Published: January 2019

Introduction:

Copper is a very important metal because all forms of life require copper metals an essential micronutrient. Various biological processes, directly or indirectly are dependent on copper metal.

Methods:

Copper soaps are used as fungicides, bacteriosides, herbicides and insecticides. Copper complexes including heterocyclic compounds have attracted our attention in a magnificent way because of its utility in catalysis and biological functions. Their mechanism of synthesis, characterization and structural insight, are crucial for comprehending the criteria of the bonding and electronic interactions between the proximate metal center and chelating atoms. But still, there is a need to explore some of more biological properties for their wide applicability and significant usage in multiple fields because it is an untapped area with potentially tremendous value. Hence, in this paper, we report the synthesis and characterization of transition metal complex of N/S ligand by chromatographic, FT-IR, NMR, ESR, elemental analysis, conductometric and magnetic moment measurements.

Results:

The synthesized metal complexes namely copper palmitate with 4-nitrophenylthiourea and copper palmitate with 4-methoxyphenylthiourea were successfully investigated for biological activities against fungi Candida albicans and Trichoderma harzinum. Based on the results, we pronounced biocidal activities of the novel complexes.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that the activity of nitro phenylthiourea complex has greater antifungal activity than methoxy phenylthiourea complex against these test fungi. We can conclude that the antifungal activity of these complexes varies according to the nature of the groups attached to the ligands.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Pelet Daun Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas var. Ayamurasaki) Terfermentasi Larutan Effective Microorganism 4 (EM-4) dalam Ransum Terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler
Authors: Menoh Yori Raimona , Mulyantini N.G.A , Telupere Franky M.S
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan pelet daun ubi jalar ungu terfermentasi dalam ransum terhadap performa ayam broiler. Materi yang digunakan adalah 96 ekor anak ayam. Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dilanjutkan uji Duncan untuk hasil yang berbeda nyata yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan enam ulangan dan tiap ulangan terdiri dari empat ekor. Perlakuan yang diuji yakni R0= ransum basal (Komersil BR2), R1= ransum komersil dengan pergantian 5% pelet daun ubi jalar ungu terfermentasi, R2= ransum komersil dengan pergantian 10% pelet daun ubi jalar ungu terfermentasi, R3= ransum komersil dengan pergantian 15% pelet daun ubi jalar ungu terfermentasi. Variabel yang diamati yakni konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan harian, nisbah konversi ransum, kecernaan protein dan energi, berat hidup, bobot karkas, bobot potongan primal karkas, bobot non karkas, panjang saluran pencernaan, persentase karkas, persentase non karkas, persentase potongan primal karkas, dan persentase lemak abdominal. Hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa penggunaan pelet daun ubi jalar ungu secara sangat nyata (P<0,01) meningkatkan konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan harian, kecernaan protein dan kecernaan energi, sementara konversi ransum, berat hidup, bobot karkas meningkat secara nyata (P<0,05). Sedangkan bobot potongan primal karkas, bobot non karkas, panjang saluran pencernaan, persentase karkas, persentase non karkas, persentase potongan primal karkas, dan persentase lemak abdominal tidak terjadi peningkatan (P>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan pelet daun ubi jalar ungu terfermentasi dalam ransum ayam broiler dapat meningkatkan konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan harian, nisbah konversi ransum, kecernaan protein dan kecernaan energi, tetapi tidak terjadi peningkatan untuk bobot potongan primal karkas, bobot non karkas, panjang saluran pencernaan, persentase karkas, persentase non karkas, persentase potongan primal karkas, dan persentase lemak abdominal.Â
Pengaruh Pemberian Tempe Kedelai dan Polen dalam Bentuk Pasta Terhadap Pertumbuhan Anakan Lebah Pekerja Apis mellifera
Authors: Akbaruddin Rama , Junus Mochammad , Cholis Nur
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tempe kedelai dan polen dalam bentuk pasta terhadap pertumbuhan anakan lebah pekerja meliputi pertambahan panjang larva, pertambahan panjang pupa dan pertambahan diameter abdomen pupa. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dipakai untuk mengetahui persentase tempe kedelai dan polen dalam bentuk pasta yang optimal terhadap pertumbuhan anakan lebah pekerja meliputi pertambahan panjang larva, pertambahan panjang pupa dan pertambahan diameter abdomen pupa. Materi penelitian adalah lebah madu apis mellifera dari peternakan di Desa Cendoro, Kecamatan Dawar Blandong, Kabupaten Mojokerto, sebanyak 96 anakan lebah pekerja yang berupa larva yang berumur 2 hari dan yang berumur 5 hari serta pupa yang berumur 4 hari dan 11 hari. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimen/percobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari enam perlakuan dan empat kelompok. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan jika terdapat perbedaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengaruh masing-masing perlakuan terhadap pertambahan panjang larva maupun pupa sangat berbeda nyata (P<0,01), sedangkan variabel pertambahan diameter abdomen pupa tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Hasil uji jarak Duncan untuk variabel pertambahan panjang larva ternyata pengaruh P0, P1, P2, P4 dan P5 tidak berbeda nyata, tetapi kelima perlakuan tersebut berbeda nyata dengan P3. Penulis menyarankan melakukan penelitian serupa namun menggunakan jenis kacang yang berbeda untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap anakan lebah pekerja.Â
Investigating Electronic Health Record Downtimes: A Scoping Review of Literature and News Media (Preprint)
Authors: Larsen Ethan , Rao Arjun , Sasangohar Farzan
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Electronic Health Record Systems have become ubiquitous in the delivery of patient care. While the implementation has brought safety and efficiency boosts to the industry, it has also exposed patients and their data to new risks in the form of downtime. Downtimes are any period where the computer systems are unavailable and these periods occur for updates or upgrades, but can also be triggered by deliberate cyber-attack. During an unexpected downtime, healthcare workers are forced to fall back to rarely practiced paper-based methods for healthcare delivery, while at the same time, patient data is potentially exposed to parties seeking to profit from its sale.

OBJECTIVE

We sought to provide a foundational perspective of the current state of downtime readiness in light of the growing cyber-attack threat on healthcare data and hospital networks.

METHODS

A search of technical news media related to healthcare informatics and a scoping review of research literature were conducted. Following the ENTEREQ framework, 1,651 records were retrieved, of which 16 were included in the final review.

RESULTS

164 US-based hospitals experienced a total of 670 days of downtime in 41 events between 2012 and 2018. Almost half (48.8%) of the published downtime events involved some form of cyber-attack. 1,651 studies matching downtime search strings were found, 16 of which were found to meet inclusion criteria. Few research studies have a downtime emphasis; those that do are predominantly focused on a top-down approach. They were found to have a range of focus from the theoretical exploration of downtime to direct empirical comparison of downtime versus normal operation.

CONCLUSIONS

Downtime contingency planning is still predominantly considered in abstract or top-down organizational focus. It is proposed that a bottom-up approach to comprehending and addressing downtime will be beneficial due to the complicated nature of patient care and computer downtime events. A bottom-up approach would involve the front-line clinical staff responsible for executing the downtime procedure and directly caring for the patients. EHR downtime events will continue to be a complication to hospital and healthcare operations. Significant new research support for the development of contingency plans will be needed as the cyber-attack threat continues to grow.
China’s sex education still miles to go—sex education needs in college students: a cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Will Luis , Yuxuan Song , Huafang Chen , Yawei Xu , Yongjiao Yang , Xiaoqiang Liu
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

In China, rapid development in all walks of society has been accompanied by dramatic transition of traditional culture and by negative effects on sexual health of young people.

OBJECTIVE

We investigated knowledge, attitudes, values and behaviors of college students in relation to sex and sex education in Tianjin, China, with an aim of informing sex education policy under the context of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

METHODS

We selected seven main universities in Tianjin. Methods were: questionnaire survey of 2105 college students; sex education topic campus lectures about sexually transmitted infections/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (STIs/AIDS) and sex health of students. Qualitative and quantitative data were assessed separately with thematic and statistical analysis respectively and then combined.

RESULTS

We have found five main findings about Tianjin college student’s sexual wonders, knowledge, values, attitudes and behaviors: Tianjin college students have some knowledge of basic sex physiology, while the largely arranged sex education curriculum fails to reach the needs for adults; background factors (ie, gender, native places and urban/rural) are crucial in the sex education and the outcome of sex education, which might provide theoretical basis for policymakers and researchers; sexual education lags behind sexual behaviors (ie, sex drive, masturbation and sex); medical universities should realize the importance of sex education and the implement of sex education; homosexuality and sperm bank are new territories for sex education.

CONCLUSIONS

Results of this exploratory study suggest five ways that could be developed to improve sex education: qualified specialists or teachers are the best educators to address learning needs of college students; background factors are of great significance in sex education and sex education learning, group differences and individual differences should be considered in sex education; for urban students, sex education from parents/teachers might be better than peer-led sex education; homosexuality and sperm bank are new territories in sex education, sex education must keep abreast with times.
Hubungan antara Persepsi Risiko dan Kepercayaan Masyarakat Terdampak terhadap Otoritas dalam Upaya Mitigasi Dampak Kabut Asap Riau
Authors: Aiyuda Nurul , Koentjoro -
Published: January 2019

Mitigation is the effort to reduce the impact of haze. This study was aimed to examine the relationship between risk perception and trust of authorities toward the mitigation effort of haze impact in Riau. Trust of authorities in this study included the government, military, police and medical authorities. For this aim, hypothesis have been tested using data collected from a sample of 256 people affected by haze which taken by using purposive sampling. Data were collected using three scales; the mitigation scale, the risk perception scale and the trust scale. This study found that risk perception and trust of authorities were simultaneously related to haze impact mitigation with R square 0,108. Risk perception may affect the mitigation effort. In this research can be found that the citizen mitigation tends to be low, this is caused by low public perception in rating the risk of haze impact in Riau. This study also found that the military and medical authorities correlated with haze mitigation effort; however the trust in the government and police authorities had no relationship with haze mitigation effort in Riau.
Peran Regulasi Diri dan Konformitas terhadap Perilaku Berkendara Berisiko pada Remaja
Authors: Puspa Nirmala Happy Virgina , Patria Bhina
Published: January 2019

There are a number factors that contribute to the traffic accident at adolescents. One of them is the implementation of risky driving behaviour. The psychological factros that can be the predictors of risky driving behaviour are self-regulation and conformity. The aim of this research is to identify the factors’ role of risky driving behaviour at young novice drivers. The study involved adolescents aged 16 to 18 who were eligible subjects of the study. This study uses an adaptation of the Driving Behaviour Quetionnaire (DBQ) and The Czech Self-Regulation Quetionnaire (SRQ-Cz). Hypotheses of this research is that self-regulation and conformity have contribution to the risky driving behaviour. Regression analysis shows that self-regulation and conformity 13.5% contribute to the risky driving behaviour simultaneously, 6.5% is from self-regulation and 7% from conformity (F= 6,29; p<0,05). Analysis also shows that self-regulation has negative correlation to the risky driving behaviour where as conformity has positive correlation to the risky driving behaviour.
Demystifying the Benefits and Harms of Anticoagulation for Atrial Fibrillation in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Garlo Katherine G. , Steele David J.R. , Nigwekar Sagar U. , Chan Kevin E.
Published: January 2019

Patients with CKD represent a vulnerable population where the risks of atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, and bleeding are all heightened. Although large randomized, controlled trials in the general population clearly demonstrate that the benefits of warfarin and direct-acting oral anticoagulants outweigh the risks of bleeding, no such studies have been conducted in patients when their creatinine clearance falls below 25–30 ml/min. Without randomized, controlled trial data, the role of anticoagulation in patients with CKD with atrial fibrillation remains unclear and our practice is informed by a growing body of imperfect literature such as observational and pharmacokinetic studies. This article aims to present a contemporary literature review of the benefits versus harms of anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation for patients with CKD stages 3, 4, 5, and 5 on dialysis. Although unanswered questions and areas of clinical equipoise remain, this piece serves to assist physicians in interpreting the complex body of literature and applying it to their clinical care.
قواعد النحو وأثرها في تعليم اللغة العربية في إندونيسيا
Authors: Musthofa Qareebullah Babkr
Published: January 2019

This Article contains of four topics: 1) the beginning of the spread of Arabic language, 2) the status of Arabic language teaching in Indonesia 3 ) the problems in Arabic language teaching, and 4) the appropriate solutions for teaching Arabic. The spread of the Arabic language began in Indonesia with the entry of Islam in the first century, in addition to the teaching of the Holy Quran and Islamic values, and then all the purposes. The method of teaching Arabic language has passed through stages beginning with the teaching of the language verbally and ending with teaching it for special and professional purposes. The most important problems of education are the formulation of objectives, subjects, teaching, and methods. The most important solutions to these problems are the formulation of objectives that are compatible with the spirit of the times, the development of appropriate subjects for the Arabic language learner, and the choice of the appropriate method for communicating the Arabic language.
دوافع الطلاب في تعلم اللغة العربية و دور المعلم في ترقيتها
Authors: Rusady Achmad Tito
Published: January 2019

Learner of Arabic language still finds many difficulties in learning Arabic. It may be caused by motivation. The stronger motivation, the smaller difficulties and the weaker motivation, the greater difficulties. Many students can get their will and success no matter how many difficulties are, with strong motivation as the basis for success. Motivation is a manifestation of students’ knowledge of the goals in work either by their own attempt or by instructing the teacher as their defensive role in promoting motivation.
دافعية استخدام التعلم التعاوني لتنمية تعليم مهارة الكلام
Authors: Taufiq Ahmad
Published: January 2019

Language is basically speech, but writing is an attempt to represent speech. It is proven that man knows speech before writing long time ago. Writing emerged in a later period of human history. The child learns to speak before he can learn to write, which he begins to learn when he enters school. All good people speak their mother tongues fluently and there are many people do not know how to write in their own languages. There are some languages still spoken in unwritten way. Cooperative learning is not where students who work together to achieve their goals unless they cooperate with each other. The mere distribution of students to groups and informing them to work together does not fall under the name of cooperative learning, even if these are the most important features and main features, there is a wide difference between the distribution of students on groups to work, and the consolidation of the concept of cooperation and rooted in the minds of students with special needs.
Tim Redaksi
Authors: Redaksi Tim
Published: January 2019

Tim Redaksi
Daftar Isi
Authors: Isi Daftar
Published: January 2019

Daftar Isi
A Longitudinal Underserved Community Curriculum for Family Medicine Residents
Authors: Jacobs Christine , Seehaver Adam , Skiold-Hanlin Sarah
Published: January 2019

Background and Objectives: Postgraduate education in cultural competence and community health is a key strategy for eliminating health disparities in underserved populations. Evidence suggests that an experiential, rather than knowledge-based approach equips physicians with practical and effective communication tools that generalize to a greater diversity of patients and cultures. However, there is limited data about the efficacy of a longitudinal, experiential residency curriculum. This study details the results of a longitudinal underserved community curriculum for family medicine residents training in a federally qualified health center.
Methods: All residents in the first 5 years of a new residency participated in a longitudinal curriculum of workshops and seminars focused on social determinants of health and cultural competency for underserved patients. Pre- and postcurriculum surveys assessed knowledge gain. Self-reported Likert scale ratings assessed attitudes and confidence related to underserved care.
Results: Pre/post learning evaluations after each seminar documented average knowledge increase of 31.0% and 28.8%, respectively. At the end of the 3-year curriculum, 81.8% of residents reported confidence in their ability to incorporate culturally relevant information into a treatment plan and 57.1% of residents reported feeling very aware of obstacles faced by underserved populations seeking health care and of the relationship between sociocultural background, health, and medicine.
Conclusions: A longitudinal, experiential curriculum in underserved community health and cultural competence can improve resident knowledge and attitudes with respect to health disparities and delivering health care to diverse patient populations.
Analysis of Existing Spatial Information Systems in Terms of its Use for the Renewal and Revitalization of Rural Areas
Authors: Ciski Mateusz , Rzasa Krzysztof , Ogryzek Marek
Published: January 2019

Revitalization is a set of urban and planning activities, coordinated by local self-government administration, aim of which is a social, architectural, planning and economical advantageous transformation of the specific area of the municipality, being in a state of crisis resulting from economic and social factors. Whereas, the renewal of the countryside is understood as shaping the living conditions of people in rural areas, with the local community as an animator and subject. The combination of revitalization and renewal of rural areas is a particularly important and urgent task, connected with rural and architectural chaos, decline of cultural context and local tradition. The aim of the article is to examine information needs for the renewal and revitalization of rural areas, and the possibilities of satisfying these needs using available spatial information systems.
The first part of the paper contains an analysis of information needs in the field of renewal and revitalization of rural areas, created on the basis of literature and valid legal provisions. The created information resource illustrates the scope of data necessary for proper planning of renewal and revitalization of rural areas.
In the second part, specific information needs were compared with the capabilities of existing spatial information systems. The possibility of obtaining free of expense information necessary for renewal and revitalization of rural areas was analysed. Systems which may be useful in the implementation of related activities are also indicated.
Assesment of Economic Effects of Moscow Programme of Renovation
Authors: Kheifetz Elizaveta
Published: January 2019

Renovation is seen in the context of an urbanist as a form of large-scale dispersed urban space reorganization. To date, in countries with developed economies, the share of renovation works has increased in the structure of construction from 35% to 60%.
In this article, the content of the main stages of renovation is detailed: the definition of the scope, planning, financing and implementation. Reflects the experience and tasks of the Moscow Government on the renovation of the quarters of the existing buildings. Since the city renovation projects are aimed at achieving the optimal combination of social, residential and commercial functions, the complex reconstruction of the city has non-economic and economic effects. Varying the key parameters influences the calculation of the project economy. The most economical indicators of the project depend on the coefficients of renovation and relocation, the cost of construction and the price of sales. To increase the additions in Moscow budget and other economic effects from the project implementation, it is necessary to increase the renovation ratio and the selling price and / or reduce the construction cost and resettlement ratio.
The Concept of Land Plot as a Combination of Smart Contracts: a Vision for Creating Blockchain Cadastre
Authors: Martyn Andrii
Published: January 2019

The key features of the blockchain databases, such as decentralization, distribution, security, and record of the history of all transactions, create significant prospects for their application in the field of cadastre and real estate registration activities, including creation of the global real estate cadastre infrastructure, which will be able to go beyond national legal systems and jurisdictions. The conceptual approach to registration of land plots as spatial objects using blockchain technology is proposed. The land plot should be considered as a combination of smart contracts between landowners, surveyors, appraisers, notaries and other persons. The subject of such contracts will be the description and establishment of spatial (plot boundaries, territorial zones, etc.) and other (property rights and encumbrances, monetary valuation, soil bonitet, etc.) characteristics of land plots. The classification of such smart contracts reliability is also presented.
The Cittaslow Movement in Rural Areas – a Case Study of a Village in the Polish Region of Warmia and Mazury
Authors: Pietrzyk Katarzyna
Published: January 2019

The international Cittaslow movement brings together towns that promote the slow life philosophy. The concept has been developed in response to the increasing pace of life and the adverse effects of globalization. According to the members of Cittaslow, the organization contributes to the sustainable development of their regions and to improvement of the quality of life. In view of the benefits of Cittaslow membership confirmed by research studies, the question arises whether the concept of Cittaslow could also be introduced in rural areas. This paper seeks to answer the above question. The study involved an analysis of the Cittaslow membership criteria (Cittaslow goals) and a survey conducted among the inhabitants of the Warmian village of Żabi Róg. The results of the study were used to test the research hypothesis and to assess the quality of life in the analyzed area.
Structural and Functional Abnormalities of the Primary Somatosensory Cortex in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Multimodal MRI Study
Authors: Selvarajah Dinesh , Wilkinson Iain D. , Fang Fang , Sankar Adithya , Davies Jennifer , Boland Elaine , Harding Joseph , Rao Ganesh , Gandhi Rajiv , Tracey Irene , Tesfaye Solomon
Published: January 2019

Diabetic distal symmetrical peripheral polyneuropathy (DSP) results in decreased somatosensory cortical gray matter volume, indicating that the disease process may produce morphological changes in the brains of those affected. However, no study has examined whether changes in brain volume alter the functional organization of the somatosensory cortex and how this relates to the various painful DSP clinical phenotypes. In this case-controlled, multimodal brain MRI study of 44 carefully phenotyped subjects, we found significant anatomical and functional changes in the somatosensory cortex. Subjects with painful DSP insensate have the lowest somatosensory cortical thickness, with expansion of the area representing pain in the lower limb to include face and lip regions. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between anatomical and functional changes within the somatosensory cortex and severity of the peripheral neuropathy. These data suggest a dynamic plasticity of the brain in DSP driven by the neuropathic process. It demonstrates, for the first time in our knowledge, a pathophysiological relationship between a clinically painful DSP phenotype and alterations in the somatosensory cortex.
Should Viscous Fiber Supplements Be Considered in Diabetes Control? Results From a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Jovanovski Elena , Khayyat Rana , Zurbau Andreea , Komishon Allison , Mazhar Nourah , Sievenpiper John L. , Blanco Mejia Sonia , Ho Hoang Vi Thanh , Li Dandan , Jenkins Alexandra L. , Duvnjak Lea , Vuksan Vladimir
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE

Evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggests that viscous dietary fiber may offer beneficial effects on glycemic control and, thus, an improved cardiovascular disease risk profile. Our purpose was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs to synthesize the therapeutic effect of viscous fiber supplementation on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched through 15 June 2018. We included RCTs ≥3 weeks in duration that assessed the effects of viscous fiber on markers of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Two independent reviewers extracted data. Data were pooled using the generic inverse variance method and expressed as mean differences (MD) with 95% CIs. Heterogeneity was assessed (Cochran Q statistic) and quantified (I2 statistic). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the overall certainty of the evidence.

RESULTS

We identified 28 eligible trial comparisons (n = 1,394). Viscous fiber at a median dose of ∼13.1 g/day significantly reduced HbA1c (MD −0.58% [95% CI −0.88, −0.28]; P = 0.0002), fasting blood glucose (MD −0.82 mmol/L [95% CI −1.32, −0.31]; P = 0.001), and HOMA-insulin resistance (IR) (MD −1.89 [95% CI −3.45, −0.33]; P = 0.02) compared with control and in addition to standard of care. The certainty of evidence was graded moderate for HbA1c, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR and low for fructosamine.

CONCLUSIONS

Viscous fiber supplements improve conventional markers of glycemic control beyond usual care and should be considered in the management of type 2 diabetes.
Long-term Absolute Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Stratified by Fasting Glucose Level
Authors: Bancks Michael P. , Ning Hongyan , Allen Norrina B. , Bertoni Alain G. , Carnethon Mercedes R. , Correa Adolfo , Echouffo-Tcheugui Justin B. , Lange Leslie A. , Lloyd-Jones Donald M. , Wilkins John T.
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the long-term absolute risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) according to fasting glucose (FG) levels below the threshold of diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We pooled data from seven observational cohorts of U.S. black and white men and women followed from 1960 to 2015. We categorized FG as follows: <5.0, 5.0–5.5, 5.6–6.2, 6.3–6.9 mmol/L, and diabetes (FG ≥7.0 mmol/L or use of diabetes medications). CVD was defined as fatal/nonfatal coronary heart disease and fatal/nonfatal stroke. We estimated the risk of CVD by FG category at index age 55 years using a modified Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, adjusted for the competing risk of non-CVD death. We also assessed risk for incident CVD according to change in FG before 50 years of age, specifically among the categories <5.6 mmol/L, 5.6–6.9 mmol/L, and diabetes.

RESULTS

Our sample included 19,630 individuals (6,197 blacks and 11,015 women) without a prior CVD event. Risk for CVD through 85 years of age ranged from 15.3% (<5.0 mmol/L) to 38.6% (diabetes levels) among women and from 21.5% (5.0–5.5 mmol/L) to 47.7% (diabetes levels) among men. An FG of 6.3–6.9 mmol/L was associated with higher long-term CVD risk compared with the lowest FG among men but not women. Increases in glucose during midlife with conversion to diabetes were associated with higher cardiovascular risk (1.3- to 3.6-fold) than increases in glucose below the diabetes threshold.

CONCLUSIONS

Middle-age individuals with diabetes have high long-term absolute risk for CVD. These data strongly support the importance of blood glucose monitoring in midlife for CVD prevention.
Instrumentos para medir la habilidad de comunicación: una revisión sistemática / Instruments to Measure Communication Skill: A Systematic Review
Authors: León Pérez Francisco , Escudero Nahón Alexandro , Bas Cerdá María del Carmen
Published: January 2019

Existe un amplio consenso respecto al hecho de que hay una brecha entre las habilidades propias del siglo XXI que el mercado laboral demanda a los nuevos profesionales y las habilidades que estos adquieren en el ámbito de la educación superior. Diversos estudios demuestran que la habilidad de comunicación es de las más demandas por los empleadores, a la vez que una de las más precarias entre los recién egresados.El objetivo del presente trabajo fue establecer el estado actual de la investigación respecto a instrumentos de medición de la habilidad de comunicación en estudiantes de educación superior. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura especializada en instrumentos para medir la habilidad de comunicación en estudiantes con base en el método Prisma. Fueron revisados textos publicados desde 2014 a la fecha en las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Se hizo énfasis en el análisis del riesgo de sesgo, realizado con la herramienta de la colaboración Cochrane. Así, se obtuvieron 243 artículos y se analizó el texto completo de aquellos que cumplieron los primeros criterios de selección, a saber, 130 artículos, de los cuales se eligieron 12 por cumplir con todos los criterios establecidos. A partir de ello, se obtuvo, entre otros, datos de población y muestra, número de ítems, proceso de validez y riesgo de sesgo.Un hallazgo relevante es que en el área médica se han diseñado más instrumentos para medir la habilidad de comunicación, además, se basan en dimensiones comunes y cuentan con procesos de validez de contenido bien descritos; sin embargo, la validez de constructo se realizó con más detalle en un instrumento del área de ingeniería. Otro hallazgo importante es que parece que el éxito del proceso comunicativo depende, en gran medida, de la preparación del mismo por parte de los participantes. La combinación de las dimensiones del área médica y los procesos de validez de constructo de otras áreas podría generar instrumentos más precisos para medir tanto las habilidades de comunicación como las habilidades digitales de comunicación, hoy en día necesarias en una economía del conocimiento.
Relation of Student-Teacher Trust with School Well-Being to High School Students
Authors: Hongwidjojo Meilisa Petrisya , Monika Monika , Wijaya Erik
Published: January 2019

This research is a correlational study using quantitative method of distributing questionnaires to students of class X, XI and XII in X Senior High School in the area of West Jakarta and Y Senior High School in North Jakarta. Student-teacher trust questionnaire refers to Tchannen-Moran’s study, while school well-being questionnaire refers to Konu and Rimpelä’s study. The research is using purposive sampling technique involving 486 students. The results of the study shows that student-teacher trust has a significant positive relationship with school well-being, so that the higher student-teacher trust, the higher the school well-being. As additional, this study also shows that there is no significant difference in terms of gender.