bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Computer Digital Construction of Ecological Architecture
Authors: Zhou Feng
Published: August 2021

The concept of “arcoloy” appeared as early as the 1960s, but there is no unified concept and definition of this Building type in the academic world, but there are many different terms, such as Green Building, Ecological Building, Sustainable Building, and so on. The first International Conference on Sustainable Building (ICSC) defined sustainable building as “the creation and responsible maintenance of a healthy built environment based on efficient use of resources and adherence to ecological principles”. Although this definition is not perfect, it can be seen that the core of ecological architecture lies in reducing the impact on the natural environment. First, it reduces the direct consumption of natural resources and the discharge of pollutants. The second is to reduce energy consumption, thereby indirectly reducing the consumption of natural resources.
Study on the Application of Intelligent Robot NC Technology in Machinery Manufacturing
Authors: Yuan Jianbo
Published: August 2021

Intelligent robot numerical control technology is more and more widely used in mechanical manufacturing, and its role in mechanical manufacturing is becoming more and more important. In mechanical manufacturing, the application of intelligent robot numerical control technology has greatly improved the efficiency of mechanical manufacturing, and also better guaranteed the quality of mechanical manufacturing. Based on this, this paper expounds the basic concept and advantages of intelligent robot numerical control technology, and then makes a simple analysis of the application of intelligent robot numerical control technology in mechanical manufacturing, such as macro-program, off-line operation of programming, laser detection technology, planning trajectory.
Reliability Analysis of Optical Path Automatic Protection Switching in Ubiquitous Power Communication Network
Authors: Shang Li , Yuan Xinyu , Zhang Zhiqin , Li Yingmin , Nie Shengyang , Li Zhaofeng
Published: August 2021

The reliability of power communication network plays an important role in the safe operation of ubiquitous power communication network. In this paper, the reliability model of power communication system is established by adopting the idea of hierarchical modeling. To begin with, the top-down decomposition method is used, the typical distribution network communication system is decomposed into terminal layer subsystem, access layer subsystem, substation communication layer subsystem and master station control layer subsystem. Next, the parameters such as mean time to failures, mean time between failures, mean time to repair and other parameters are used to evaluate the reliability of basic communication products. The reliability of each subsystem is evaluated by non redundant system, complete redundancy system, partial redundancy system and by-pass system; Finally, The bottom-up synthesis method is used to evaluate the reliability of the whole network according to the topological structure of the system. The reliability analysis method proposed in this paper provides a theoretical basis for the reliability evaluation method of power communication network.
Research on Data Acquisition and Sharing Methods Under Power Demand Side Management Based on Big Data Mining Analysis
Authors: Yang Zhaoguang , Jiang Mingjun , Wang Linxin , Wang Xiaolong , Shao Juan
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, China’s power demand system reform has gone through many stages. With the rapid growth of China’s population, China’s power demand is also increasing rapidly. After experiencing the heavy pressure growth period, the power system really provides us with great convenience. However, it will also bring a lot of bad problems. In order to solve these problems, we must innovate the electric power industry [1]. Data acquisition and sharing in side management mode is the basic part of power demand management. Nowadays, the development of big data has gradually become prosperous. Many experts believe that data mining can be used to support data acquisition and sharing of power side management. This paper briefly summarizes the theory of power big data and power side management. On this basis, this paper proposes a data source and data sharing model based on data mining.
Discussion on the Application of New Thermal Insulation Materials for Power Batteries of New Energy Vehicles Based on Computer Analysis
Authors: Zhu Ligui
Published: August 2021

With the widespread use of battery insulation systems, there are many optimizations for the size of the battery space in the box, the arrangement and combination methods, but there are few optimizations for the design of the battery inlet and outlet. This paper analyzes the battery insulation materials, builds a power battery heat generation analysis model, and analyzes the battery air outlet angle flow analysis, the air inlet angle material comparison analysis, and the FLUENT software is used for numerical simulation analysis to obtain the overall smooth characteristics and partial Flow rate and temperature distribution range. Finally, through the analysis of the experimental results, it can be known that for batteries with the same structure, the use of battery insulation materials can effectively improve the battery performance and extend the service life.
COVID-19 and Pneumonia Recognition based on Data Augmentation and Transfer Learning
Authors: Li Zhe
Published: August 2021

Up to now, COVID-19 has been diagnosed in the world as many as about sixty million, which has caused tremendous pressure and burden to hospitals and medical systems. The number of chest X-rays required to be reviewed by doctors of relevant specialties is more than ever before. Besides, in the process of recognition, there are many difficulties for human identification of chest X-ray images, such as the naked eye is difficult to find tiny abnormalities, the chest X-ray images researchers have is limited and doctors is unfamiliar with this new disease. In this case, it is very necessary to use deep learning to help doctors diagnose pneumonia and solve some urgent difficulties. In the field of deep learning, transfer learning focuses on saving solution model of previous problems, and takes advantage of it on other different but related problems. Therefore, we can use the existed Imagenet model to help us train the dataset of COVID-19 and pneumonia. Moreover, deep learning depends on a large amount of data, but when the data is few, data augmentation is able to increase data by some methods, so it is a effective way to overcome the lack of train data. In terms of the good function of these two ways, we use them to improve performance and help doctors improve diagnosis so as to relieve the current tense medical situation.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Sports Competition
Authors: Zhang Jianhua , Li Dan
Published: August 2021

In order to respond to the call of the country to build a strong sports country, the workers in the sports industry should speed up the pace of sports development. Artificial intelligence is a high-end industry, but also a key technology to guide the construction of sports power. Artificial intelligence technology can not only help social development, but also help human autonomy and self-reliance development. The combination of artificial intelligence technology and sports has been common, the future application scope will be more and more extensive, the integration will be deeper and deeper, this paper takes the sports competition as an example, This paper briefly analyzes the application advantage and application status of artificial intelligence technology in sports competition.
RETRACTED: Comparative Chinese and American Mother Tongue Teaching Materials Based on Big Data Technology
Authors: Zheng Yaqin
Published: August 2021

Cultural education has always been regarded as the most important part of the development of a country and society. Education is a topic that people have been exploring. Mother tongue is the first language that people learn in the world. Learning mother tongue has always been important for learning other subjects. It is an important foundation. Since the 21st century, with the development of the Internet, the study of mother tongue has also developed more and more widely with the support of big data. This article mainly introduces the comparative analysis of Chinese and American native language textbooks based on big data technology. This article uses big data to analyze and compare native language textbooks, combined with big data analysis technology, and uses reading feedback to investigate the comparison of Chinese and American native language textbooks. The experimental results of this article show that the big data analysis of Chinese and American native language textbooks has increased the reading volume by 16% and improved the efficiency of learning. Incorporating modern data collection and learning analysis into Chinese and American mother tongue teaching has improved the quality of teaching.
Design of an Intelligent Optical Fiber Grating Temperature Measurement System for Electrical Equipment
Authors: Zhang Liping
Published: August 2021

Today, domestic temperature monitoring systems usually use a master-slave multi-computer network composed of personal computers and single-chip computers. The single-chip microcomputer is used as a sub-computer to collect the temperature data of each sampling point. As a desktop computer, the PC is responsible for recording and displaying temperature and humidity, and centralized management. Since the conventional temperature measurement system cannot detect wavelength changes well, the temperature measurement system has problems such as low accuracy and stable operation. Therefore, an intelligent optical fiber grating temperature measurement system design for electrical equipment. The structure and characteristics of fiber grating and the principle of automatic temperature measurement of fiber grating components are introduced. Following the above principles, the temperature measurement system architecture is designed to include a data viewing layer and a remote monitoring layer in the storage layer. The results show that the total temperature change caused by the electrical equipment failure of the system described in this article is less than 1°C, and the total temperature change of the designed system is in the range of 2.5 to 3.5°C. The results show that the temperature error of the system described in this document is very small, and can accurately measure the automatic temperature of the glass fiber grid of electrical equipment.
Status Quo of Numerical Simulation of Friction Stir Welding After Deformation under Big Data Analysis
Authors: Chen Chen
Published: August 2021

Friction stir spot welding is a new type of connection technology developed on the basis of the friction stir welding process. It uses a high-speed rotating stirring head to generate heat by friction with the plate to make the welding material reach a thermoplastic softened state, forming a lap joint similar to resistance spot welding. The purpose of this article is to analyze and analyze the current situation of numerical simulation of friction stir welding after deformation under big data analysis. Algorithm mining commonly used for analysis of big data. This paper proposes to use the classic algorithm FP-growth algorithm. The FP-growth algorithm has the widest application range. It compresses the transaction database into a FP tree for processing. It also uses the Apriori algorithm, which eliminates the need to generate candidate frequent itemsets, which improves the efficiency of use. In addition, this article uses data mining technology and data fusion technology commonly used in big data analysis, and their application strengthens the analysis of the current situation of numerical simulation after friction stir welding deformation under big data analysis. Experimental research shows that the dynamic FSSW technology used in this paper simulates the numerical change after friction stir welding deformation, and the simulated data effect is better than the traditional GPC algorithm by about 20%.
Practice of Usability Testing of Online Online Education Platforms in the Internet Age
Authors: Zhang Moqing , Wu Rongying
Published: August 2021

In order to meet the needs of the development of the times, computer technology is developing rapidly, the times are making rapid progress, so the material life of the people is rapidly improving. However, because of the rapid development of science and technology, China’s original set of traditional-based education model can not meet the requirements of the times. Therefore, the current education model should be online and offline collaborative development. But our educational model and effectiveness of online platforms are still unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study and test the availability of online education platform in the Internet age. In order to obtain reliable test results, we first test the usability of the platform by reviewing the method of building the relevant platform, and then by reviewing the algorithm of the test and using the algorithm to build the test program, and observe the required data results. The experimental results show that the fork algorithm can be used to better help to get the available data.
Electronic Dictionary Research Corpus
Authors: Sun Wei
Published: August 2021

The development of computer and Internet technology, and the emergence of new technologies such as electronic dictionaries and corpora have made it more convenient, accurate and reliable for students to learn to access materials. Students must master these new technologies in their study and life. The purpose of this article is to focus on the research and analysis of the electronic dictionary corpus, and to understand the influence of the electronic dictionary corpus on students’ study and life. The inquiry method used in this article is to conduct a questionnaire survey on students using the electronic dictionary corpus and then analyze the data obtained through big data technology. At the same time, this article still uses the simulation method to predict the future development prospects of the electronic dictionary corpus with the computer simulation experiment. The electronic dictionary corpus uses a variety of algorithms to query massive databases, and finally can display the data we need in front of us at the fastest speed. The dynamic BP network is used to predict the generalized predictive control prediction error. The dynamic BP network the weight can be adjusted online, which changes the situation that the traditional BP network performs error correction once the network weight is fixed after training. The experimental results show that this article conducted interviews and questionnaire surveys with experimental students and found that more than 90% of the students believe that the electronic dictionary corpus has a positive impact on students’ learning and development.
Rapid Modelling Method and Application using CGA
Authors: Li Shanglin , Wang Manli , Ou Zi , He Qingwen , Xiao Juan
Published: August 2021

Creating 3D model Using CGA shaper grammar rules is widely used in the field of rapid building modelling. To create 3D model of Xiangnan University, a set of CGA rules is proposed. These CGA grammar rules include building rules, floor division rules, tile division rule, street rules, roof rules. Finally, in order to test the effect of the model created, the 3D model constructed is imported into Unity3D engine. The final model can be published on multiple platforms such as Web, mobile devices and PC, providing user a free 3D navigation experience.
Research on the Digital Presentation and Inheritance of Traditional Music in the Internet Era
Authors: Shi Haijing
Published: August 2021

With the continuous development of society, the inheritance of culture has gradually become part of the development of Chinese spiritual civilization. Traditional music, as a part of Chinese culture, is an important part of Chinese national cultural heritage. However, due to the rapid development of the times, people is the awareness of inheritance and development has gradually faded, and traditional music has gradually disappeared from people’s vision. This article analyzes the influence and role of digitization in the presentation and inheritance of traditional music in the Internet age, and proposes strategies for using digitization in the Internet age to present and inherit traditional music.
RETRACTED: Visualization of Basic Mathematics Teaching Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Wu Ronghua
Published: August 2021

Basic mathematics is an important part of education and teaching in our country. As a basic subject in our country’s teaching, it has always played an important role. However, with the development of time, the traditional mathematics teaching methods can not stimulate students’ interest in mathematics. In order to find out the teaching mode to improve students’ level and enthusiasm, based on artificial intelligence, this paper uses case analysis method, literature analysis method and other methods to collect data from the database, builds a model based on artificial intelligence, and reads and analyzes a large number of relevant literature through literature survey method, according to the research needs, through the research and summary of literature content. Research structure found that through the teaching of artificial intelligence, students’ mathematics scores are about 30% higher than the traditional teaching methods, the sense of cooperation between students reaches 0.8, to solve the contradiction between popularization and improvement, and to solve the polarization and the transformation of backward students and other problems, so that their personality can be fully developed and developed, so that mathematics teaching in Colleges and universities to the track of quality education. This shows that the basic mathematics teaching based on artificial intelligence can play an important role in college education.
Design of Service Mode of Smart Library based on “Field” Synergy Theory
Authors: Lei Shuiwang
Published: August 2021

This article through the integration of field synergy theory and the theory of cohesion between wisdom library service point, through the field of the connection between the three layers of meaning and wisdom library, in order to prove the feasibility of wisdom library application field synergy theory, through the design wisdom library within the field of collaborative service function between the field and puts forward the service mode.
The Impact of Higher Education to Manufacturing-Based on Threshold Model
Authors: Bao Yaodong , Li Yanshu , Chen Junshen
Published: August 2021

This paper examines the impact of higher education on China’s manufacturing industry performance from the national and regional levels on fixed effects model. The research shows that the development of higher education has significantly promoted the improvement of China’s manufacturing industry performance. If the development of higher education increases by 1%, the performance of manufacturing industry will increase by 0.239%. Through the internal mechanism test, it is found that higher education can improve the performance of manufacturing industry by increasing the R&D projects, new product projects and enterprise invention patents. Further research shows that there is a double threshold nonlinear relationship between higher education and manufacturing industry performance with per capita GDP and government financial science and technology expenditure as threshold variables based on threshold model.
Public Space Humanized Transformation of Community Based on Depthmap
Authors: Hu Jiaqi , Zhuang Jinhong , Li Zhengyang , He Luke
Published: August 2021

With the rapid development of urban modernization in China, residents are paying more and more attention to the quality of outdoor public space. Aiming at insufficient aspects of modern community public space design, this paper investigates mingshihuafu community in Hengyang City by means of questionnaire and field interview and summarizes the relevant factors that affect human activities. From the perspective of spatial fabric, this paper will use the space syntax software Depthmap to analysis the humanization demand of the community public space quantitatively and put forward the humanized transformation design strategy of modern community public space, hopping to enhance the vitality of modern community, improve the living environment, and provide reference of the transformation design for the existing community public space in China.
Innovation and Realization of Rural Express Operation Mode-Based On the Perspective of Resource Sharing
Authors: Cheng Lin , Zong Feng , Xu Hui-Ming
Published: August 2021

with the gradual promotion of Rural Revitalization Strategy in China, the rural economy has developed rapidly, and the rural express business has increased sharply. Facing the strong development potential of the rural express market, the existing rural express operation mode has gradually failed to cope with the booming rural express market, and the operation mode of rural express needs to be improved. At the same time, the rapid development of information technology makes the concept of sharing economy into people’s life, and the mode of sharing economy is introduced to solve social problems.

Based on the perspective of resource sharing, this paper analyzes the current situation and existing problems of the operation mode of rural express, and puts forward a new distribution mode—Resource Sharing Distribution Mode, based on information data sharing, facilities and equipment sharing, human resource sharing and other resource sharing. In order to realize the smooth operation of the innovation mode, this paper discusses the feasibility of the innovation mode from three aspects: the establishment of sharing mechanism, the construction of information platform and the design of business process. Finally, we put forward two safeguard measures of benefit distribution and incentive mechanism, and puts forward opinions for the operation of rural express.
A New Initialization Method for K-means Algorithm Based on Clustering Coefficient
Authors: Jiang Zhonghua
Published: August 2021

The traditional k-means algorithm has been widely used as a simple and efficient clustering method. However, the algorithm uses a random initialization method that does not guarantee unique clustering results. In this paper, a novel method for selecting initial cluster centers on the basis of a complex network is proposed. The data set to be clustered is represented as a complex network. The clustering coefficients of a vertex and those of its adjacent vertices are used to introduce the novel concepts of “valley point” and “peak point,” which can be used to construct a set of candidates of the initial cluster centers. Finally, an algorithm for selecting the initial cluster centers from the constructed set of candidates is proposed. The time complexity of the proposed algorithm is O(n
2), where n is the number of data points. The proposed algorithm is applied to four data sets with different dimensions to compute the initial cluster centers for the k-means algorithm. Compared with the random initialization and maximin methods, the proposed algorithm demonstrates superior clustering performance in obtaining the initial cluster centers for the k-means algorithm.
Research on Surface Integrity Manufacturing of Bearing Ring Raceway Based on Plasma Polishing Principle
Authors: Yu Jikun
Published: August 2021

Plasma polishing technology is a new ultra smooth surface processing method with low cost, no pollution and no waste. It has been widely used in semiconductor industry and optical component manufacturing, but the research on the processing and manufacturing of key mechanical parts is still in the exploratory stage. In this paper, by using RC-ECMA150KVA plasma polishing equipment, plasma polishing technology is used to solve the surface integrity manufacturing problem of large-size rolling bearing ring raceway, which not only improves the processing quality of ring surface, but also realizes the function of surface corrosion and surface modification, and greatly improves the high service performance of rolling bearing.
Framework of the Teaching Process Based on Machine Learning and Innovation Ability Cultivation in Big Data Background
Authors: Dong Aimei , Gao Qian
Published: August 2021

Human beings have experienced agricultural, industrial and information society, followed by the era of artificial intelligence. The remarkable features of the era are big data and machine learning. It is an important task to cultivate high-tech innovative talents for colleges and universities in era of artificial intelligence background. So how to combine machine learning methods with training of innovation ability in the teaching process to improve the quality of talent training is a key problem in college teaching. To this end, a new teaching process framework based on machine learning and innovation ability cultivation is proposed, which lays a solid foundation for improving teaching quality.
Implementation of Marine Fire Fighting VR Platform Based on Probuilder Modular
Authors: Chen Yongli
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the multi person cooperative ship fire training system based on VR technology provides an effective training method for ship fire safety training. Through the existing ship fire protection process, the simulation scheme is proposed, and the corresponding process is developed on the basis of the simulation scheme. According to the functional requirements of ship fire simulation module, using VR technology, the 3D model is established with the help of the rapid modeling kit of Probuilder, the typical training scene is built after importing unity3d, the script is written with C # language, and the online VR fire training system is realized with the help of network communication framework, so that the trainees can carry out cooperative fire drill in VR interactive way, and realize the actual ship firefighting simulation training of anti-jamming process. The development of multi person cooperative ship fire training system will be of great significance to improve the efficiency of ship fire training, reduce the cost of ship fire drill and ensure the personal safety of trainees.
Design of Planetary Gear Train for Geared Rotary Actuator
Authors: Kude Yadnik , Gajjal Priya , Kumar Singh Anuj
Published: August 2021

Geared Rotary Actuators are mechanically operable devices widely used in the aerospace industry so that controlled motion can be provided to secondary flight control surfaces. Their usage can be seen in a variety of applications including powered hinges for aircraft structural movements, they support aerodynamic loads in addition to the surface hinge moment, as an actuator in a linked mechanism where they supply actuation torque. Mostly GRAs are situated along with the bay door drives, and also can be used for controlling leading or trailing edge movements of the aircraft. They receive Power Drive Unit (PDU) torque via assembly of shafts and joints. From a mechanical standpoint, the GRAs can be termed as epicyclical gear reducer or compound planetary gearbox. In this work, the governing criteria and mathematical equations used to characterize GRA are discussed. SOLIDWORKS is used for part modeling of GRA. More focus will be on the speed reduction ratio calculation, determination of strength, and overall Factor of Safety (FOS) of the torque transmission unit. Thus an attempt is made to obtain the best performance parameters to meet the desired requirements of Geared Rotary Actuator.
Energy Absorption of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP)-Woven Composites in Different Nano Clay Loading Using Numerical Method
Authors: Zena Yared G. , Woldemariam Mulugeta H.
Published: August 2021

In this work, the numerical investigation for impact behavior of GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics) composite along modified with nano-clay (Cloisite® 20B) at 0.5%wt., 1%wt., and 2%wt concentrations was done. The finite element analysis was carried out in ABAQUS/Explicit to investigate the low-velocity impact response. The numerical results showed that adding 0.5% wt. and 1%wt. nano-clay significantly increased the stiffness of GFRP compared to a pristine one. In contrast, adding 2%wt nano-clay decreased the stiffness of GFRP. With regard of energy absorption, a 0.5%wt. nano-clay modified GFRP showed a maximum energy absorption, whereas, a 2 %wt. nano-clay modified GFRP exhibited the lowest performance for all impact energy levels.
Improving Accuracy of Classification of Emotions Using EEG Signal and Adaptive PSO
Authors: Ghutke Payal , Joshi Sonali , Timande Ruchita
Published: August 2021

For detecting the feelings or emotions of the human being by using brain signals and its classification has been attempt by many researchers. The EEG headset is used for collecting the brain signal of the subject. Because of lots of noise in the input signal taken by EEG headset, various features need to be used as a single feature that cannot give accurate output. The Number of feature used is the key for identifying the emotion of a person automatically. So, we identify various features using an AI based scheme from EEG recorded signals. This various features are saved in the database. Features include mean, maximum, minimum, std. deviation, variance, corr. Coefficient, cov. Coefficient, Median, Kurtosis, Energy, Zero crossing rate. By using Maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy (MRMR), as per the name we arrange the features to minimum-relevance and maximum-importance of every feature. For removing essential segments PCA is used to diminish the produce feature. The proposed system will outperform and improve the accuracy of emotion detection by using brain wave and Adaptive PSO.
metID: an R package for automatable compound annotation for LC−MS-based data
Authors: Shen Xiaotao , Wu Si , Liang Liang , Chen Songjie , Contrepois Kévin , Zhu Zheng-Jiang , Snyder Michael
Published: August 2021

Accurate and efficient compound annotation is a long-standing challenge for LC–MS-based data (e.g. untargeted metabolomics and exposomics). Substantial efforts have been devoted to overcoming this obstacle, whereas current tools are limited by the sources of spectral information used (in-house and public databases) and are not automated and streamlined. Therefore, we developed metID, an R package that combines information from all major databases for comprehensive and streamlined compound annotation. metID is a flexible, simple and powerful tool that can be installed on all platforms, allowing the compound annotation process to be fully automatic and reproducible. A detailed tutorial and a case study are provided in Supplementary Materials.

Availability and implementation

https://jaspershen.github.io/metID.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MoMA-LoopSampler: a web server to exhaustively sample protein loop conformations
Authors: Barozet Amélie , Molloy Kevin , Vaisset Marc , Zanon Christophe , Fauret Pierre , Siméon Thierry , Cortés Juan
Published: August 2021

MoMA-LoopSampler is a sampling method that globally explores the conformational space of flexible protein loops. It combines a large structural library of three-residue fragments and a novel reinforcement-learning-based approach to accelerate the sampling process while maintaining diversity. The method generates a set of statistically likely loop states satisfying geometric constraints, and its ability to sample experimentally observed conformations has been demonstrated. This paper presents a web user interface to MoMA-LoopSampler through the illustration of a typical use-case.

Availability and implementation

MoMA-LoopSampler is freely available at: https://moma.laas.fr/applications/LoopSampler/. We recommend users to create an account, but anonymous access is possible. In most cases, jobs are completed within a few minutes. The waiting time may increase depending on the server load, but it very rarely exceeds an hour. For users requiring more intensive use, binaries can be provided upon request.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A spear to the heart—the accidental discovery of a giant cement embolism in the right heart: a case report
Authors: Lambers Moritz , Bruder Oliver , Wieneke Heinrich , Nassenstein Kai
Published: August 2021

Background

The incidence of recognized cardiopulmonary cement embolism in the context of percutaneous vertebroplasty varies between 0% and 23%. In most cases, only small fragments embolize in the pulmonary arteries or the right heart cavities. The latter can cause potential harm by right ventricular perforation.

Case summary

A 57-year-old patient was admitted to our department of cardiology due to exertional dyspnoea and chest pain. In the course of further diagnostic tests, a huge cement embolus was accidentally discovered in the right ventricle. The unusual size and length and the threat of ventricular perforation make this case so unique.

Discussion

Large cement embolisms in kyphoplasty settings are possible and associated with the risk of fulminant complications.
Right ventricular thrombus, a challenge in imaging diagnostics: a case series
Authors: Barbagallo Massimo , Naef Daryl , Köpfli Pascal , Hufschmid Urs , Niemann Tilo , Gebker Rolf , Beer Jürg Hans , Hireche-Chiakoui Hanane
Published: August 2021

Background

Presence of right ventricular thrombus (RVT) is a rare but life-threatening condition, thus immediate diagnosis and therapy are mandatory. Unfortunately, detection and distinction from intraventricular tumour masses or vegetations represent a complex task. Furthermore, consecutive therapy is principally led by clinical presentation without considering morphological features of the thrombus. Current literature suggests a multimodal non-invasive imaging approach. In this article, we discuss the role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) for the detection of RVT in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). We consider the relatively expensive and not broadly available imaging procedure and weigh it up to its assumed high sensitivity, specificity, and importance for differential diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making.

Case summary

In this case series, we report three cases of RVT with concomitant PE, whereof two were missed during routine cardiac workup by transthoracic echocardiography and computer tomography. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging led to detection and further characterization of the thrombi in both cases.

Conclusions

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging reliably detects and characterizes RVT, even under unfavourable conditions for echocardiography such as arrhythmia, adiposity, or in posterior position of RVT. Obtained information could facilitate the choice of therapeutic approach (anticoagulation vs. systemic lysis vs. surgical thrombectomy). Future risk stratification scores will promote cost-effective use of CMR.
Mitogenomes of Accipitriformes and Cathartiformes Were Subjected to Ancestral and Recent Duplications Followed by Gradual Degeneration
Authors: Urantówka Adam Dawid , Kroczak Aleksandra , Strzała Tomasz , Zaniewicz Grzegorz , Kurkowski Marcin , Mackiewicz Paweł
Published: August 2021

The rearrangement of 37 genes with one control region, firstly identified in Gallus gallus mitogenome, is believed to be ancestral for all Aves. However, mitogenomic sequences obtained in recent years revealed that many avian mitogenomes contain duplicated regions that were omitted in previous genomic versions. Their evolution and mechanism of duplication are still poorly understood. The order of Accipitriformes is especially interesting in this context because its representatives contain a duplicated control region in various stages of degeneration. Therefore, we applied an appropriate PCR strategy to look for duplications within the mitogenomes of the early diverged species Sagittarius serpentarius and Cathartiformes, which is a sister order to Accipitriformes. The analyses revealed the same duplicated gene order in all examined taxa and the common ancestor of these groups. The duplicated regions were subjected to gradual degeneration and homogenization during concerted evolution. The latter process occurred recently in the species of Cathartiformes as well as in the early diverged lineages of Accipitriformes, that is, Sagittarius serpentarius and Pandion haliaetus. However, in other lineages, that is, Pernis ptilorhynchus, as well as representatives of Aegypiinae, Aquilinae, and five related subfamilies of Accipitriformes (Accipitrinae, Circinae, Buteoninae, Haliaeetinae, and Milvinae), the duplications were evolving independently for at least 14–47 Myr. Different portions of control regions in Cathartiformes showed conflicting phylogenetic signals indicating that some sections of these regions were homogenized at a frequency higher than the rate of speciation, whereas others have still evolved separately.
Distributed event-triggered consensus protocols for discrete-time multiagent systems
Authors: Karaki Bilal J , Mahmoud Magdi S
Published: August 2021

This paper focuses on leader-following and leaderless consensus problems of discrete-time multiagent systems. A distributed observer-based consensus protocol is proposed to investigate the consensus problem for multiagent systems of general discrete-time linear dynamics. By means of the observer, the distributed control law of each agent is designed using local information to guarantee consensus, and the corresponding sufficient conditions are obtained by exploiting graph and control theory approach. A modified distributed event-triggered consensus protocol is designed to reduce communication congestion. Detailed analysis of the leaderless and the leader-following consensus is presented for both observer-based and full-information protocols. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and capabilities of the established theories.
Socioeconomic and Comorbid Factors Associated With Frostbite Injury in the United States
Authors: Endorf Frederick W , Nygaard Rachel M
Published: August 2021

Frostbite largely affects the extremities and often results in long-term disability due to amputation. More regions are experiencing extremes in temperature which increases the risk of frostbite injury. The aim of this study was to detail social and comorbid factors associated with frostbite injury compared to isolated hand or foot burns. We used the National Inpatient Sample from 2016 to 2018 to identify admissions included in this study. Weighted incidence and multivariable analysis assessed characteristics and outcomes of frostbite and isolated hand or foot burn injury. In the United States, the estimated incidence of frostbite injury in those aged 15 and older was 0.95 per 100,000 persons and 4.44 per 100,000 persons with isolated hand and foot burns. Homelessness, mental health disorder, drug or alcohol abuse, and peripheral vascular disease were all associated with the risk of frostbite injury when compared to burn injury. We found that other insurance was associated with amputation following burn injury, while black race and homelessness were associated with amputation during a nonelective primary admission following frostbite injury. The differing risk factors associated with early amputation in frostbite and burn patients warrant a multicenter study including burn centers in North America.
Malignant Phyllodes Tumor: Imaging Features With Histopathologic Correlation
Authors: Lee Jane S , Chang Jodie , Hagemann Ian S , Bennett Debbie L
Published: August 2021

Phyllodes tumors (PT) are rare fibroepithelial lesions of the breast that commonly present as rapidly enlarging, palpable masses. Phyllodes tumors may be classified as benign, borderline, or malignant on the basis of histopathologic analysis. Although malignant PT cannot be distinguished from benign PT on the basis of imaging findings alone, studies suggest that malignant PT tend to be larger and irregular in shape, and they are less likely to have circumscribed margins. If biopsy results are indeterminate, excisional biopsy should be performed. Malignant PT can be difficult to distinguish histologically from sarcomas and spindle cell metaplastic breast carcinoma; the distinction is important for prognosis and treatment. Malignant PT are treated surgically with wide local excision, without a clear role for adjuvant radiation or chemotherapy in most cases. Nearly one-third of malignant PT recur locally, usually within a few years after initial diagnosis. Distant metastatic disease is rare, and the five-year overall survival rate of malignant PT is close to 80%. The purpose of this article is to review the clinical presentation, imaging appearance, histopathology, and management of malignant PT.
Parents’ experiences of postmortem tumor donation for high-grade gliomas: benefits and suggested improvements
Authors: Robertson Eden G , Wakefield Claire E , Tsoli Maria , Kellie Stewart J , Alvaro Frank , Gifford Andrew J , Weber Martin A , Rodriguez Michael , Kirby Maria , Ziegler David S
Published: August 2021

Background

Pediatric high-grade glioma is a devastating diagnosis. There has been no improvement in outcomes for several decades, with few children surviving 2 years postdiagnosis. Research progress has been hampered by a lack of tumor samples, which can be used to develop and test novel therapies. Postmortem tumor donations are therefore a valuable opportunity to collect tissue. In this study, we explored Australian parents’ experiences of donating their child’s tumor for research after their child had died.

Methods

We collected qualitative data from 11 bereaved parents who consented to donate samples of their child’s high-grade glioma for research postmortem. We asked parents about their perceived benefits/burdens of the autopsy, recommendations for improving consent discussions, and decision regret.

Results

Parents hoped that their donation would help to find a cure for future children with high-grade glioma. They described feeling comforted knowing that their child’s suffering may help others. Some parents also felt that the donation would help them better understand their child’s tumor. Although some parents described discomfort about procedures leading up to the autopsy, parents reported minimal regret regarding their decision to donate their child’s tumor. Parents provided recommendations to improve consent discussions, such as providing more information about the autopsy logistics and why the donation was needed.

Conclusion

Parents consented to autopsy for altruistic reasons, although donation may also assist parents in their grieving. There is a strong need to improve access to tumor donations for any family who wishes to donate.
Cigarette Smoking Trajectories in Adolescent Smokers: Does the Time Axis Metric Matter?
Authors: Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , Lauzon Béatrice , Dugas Erika N , Mesidor Miceline , O’Loughlin Jennifer L
Published: August 2021

Introduction

Most studies modeling adolescent cigarette smoking trajectories use age as the time axis, possibly obscuring depiction of the natural course of cigarette smoking. We used a simulated example and real data to contrast smoking trajectories obtained from models that used time since smoking onset or calendar time (age) as the time axis.

Methods

Data were drawn from a longitudinal investigation of 1293 grade 7 students (mean age 12.8 years) recruited from 10 high schools in Montreal, Canada in 1999–2000, who were followed into young adulthood. Cigarette consumption was measured every 3 months during high school, and again at mean ages 20.4 and 24.0. Analyses using time since onset of smoking as the time metric was restricted to 307 incident smokers; analysis using calendar time included 645 prevalent and incident smokers. Smoking status and nicotine dependence (ND) were assessed at mean ages 20.4 and 24.0. Simulated data mimicked the real study during high school.

Results

Use of different time metrics resulted in different numbers and shapes of trajectories in the simulated and real datasets. Participants in the calendar time analyses reported more ND in young adulthood, reflecting inclusion of 388 prevalent smokers who had smoked for longer durations.

Conclusions

Choosing the right time metric for trajectory analysis should be balanced against research intent. Trajectory analyses using the time since onset metric depict the natural course of smoking in incident smokers. Those using calendar time offer a snapshot of smoking across ages during a given time period.

Implications

This study uses simulated and real data to show that trajectory analyses of cigarette smoking that use calendar time (e.g., age) versus time since onset as the time axis metric tell a different story. Trajectory analyses using the time since onset metric depict the natural course of smoking in incident smokers. Those using calendar time offer a snapshot of smoking across ages during a given time period. Choosing the right time metric should be balanced against research intent.
Reduced tongue mobility: an unrecognized risk factor of childhood obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Yuen Hoi Man , Au Chun Ting , Chu Winnie Chiu Wing , Li Albert Martin , Chan Kate Ching-ching
Published: August 2021

Study Objectives

Childhood obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an important and prevalent disease. A short lingual frenulum is a risk factor for OSA, but whether tongue mobility also plays a role in OSA etiology remains unknown. This study aimed to examine tongue mobility in children with and without OSA. We hypothesized that reduced tongue mobility was associated with OSA. We also evaluated the relationship between tongue mobility and craniofacial profile.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional case-control study. Prepubertal Chinese children aged 5–12 years, suspected to have OSA were recruited from our sleep disorder clinic. All subjects underwent overnight polysomnography. The lingual frenulum was evaluated based on tongue mobility and free tongue length. Craniofacial measurements were assessed by lateral cephalometry.

Results

Eighty-two subjects (mean age: 8.32 ± 1.70 years, 57 males) were recruited. The mean tongue mobility was 58.2 (±19)% and 67.4 (±15)% (p = 0.019) in subjects with and without OSA, respectively. Tongue mobility was inversely correlated with OAHI (r = −0.218, p = 0.049). In multivariate logistic regression, low tongue mobility was independently associated with a higher risk of OSA after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index z-score, presence of large tonsils and turbinates, and nocturnal oral breathing (odds ratio = 3.65, 95% CI = 1.22 to 11.8). Tongue mobility was found to correlate with the cranial base angle (Ba-S-N) (r = 0.262, p = 0.018), which determines the relative position of the mandible.

Conclusions

In prepubertal children, reduced tongue mobility is associated with the occurrence and severity of OSA. Assessing tongue mobility is recommended in childhood OSA management.