bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guided Endodontics: Accuracy of Access Cavity Preparation and Discrimination of Angular and Linear Deviation On Canal Accessing Ability – An Ex Vivo Study
Authors: Su Ying-Hui , Chen Cheng-Hui , Lin Chia-Hua , Lee Hui-Na , Chen Ker-Kong , Lin Yen-Kun , Chuang Fu-Hsiung
Published: August 2021

Background
Guided endodontics technique has been introduced for years, but the accuracy in different types of teeth has yet to be assessed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of three dimensional (3D)-printed endodontic guides for access cavity preparation in different types of teeth, and to evaluate the predictive ability of angular and linear deviation on canal accessibility ex vivo.
Method
Eighty-four extracted human teeth were mounted into six jaw models and categorised into three groups: anterior teeth (AT), premolar (P), and molar (M). Preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and surface scans were taken and matched using implant planning software. Virtual access cavity planning was performed, and templates were produced using a 3D printer. After access cavities were performed, the canal accessibility was recorded. Postoperative CBCT scans were superimposed in software. Coronal and apical linear deviations and angular deviations were measured and evaluated with nonparametric statistics. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of angular and linear deviation for canal accessibility in SPSS v20.
Results
A total of 117 guided access cavities were created and 23 of them were record as canal inaccessibility, but all canals were accessible after canal negotiation. The average linear deviation for all groups was 0.13 ± 0.21 mm at coronal position, 0.46 ± 0.4 mm at apical position, and 2.8 ± 2.6° in angular deviation. At the coronal position, the linear deviations of the AT and P groups were significantly lower than M group deviation (P < 0.05), but no statistically significant difference between AT group and P group. The same results were found in linear deviation at the apical position and in angular deviation. The area under the ROC curve was 0.975 in angular deviation, 0.562 in linear deviation at the coronal position, and 0.786 at the apical position. Statistical significance was noted in linear deviation at the apical position and in angular deviation (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the accuracy of access cavity preparation with 3D-printed endodontic guides was acceptable. The linear and angular deviations in the M group were significantly higher than those in the other groups, which might be caused by the interference of the opposite teeth. Angular deviation best discriminated the canal access ability of guided access cavity preparation.
Investigating Closed Room Conspirators of Posttraumatic Inflammatory Response: Multi- Omics Profiles of Exosomes Derived from Intestinal Epithelial Cells Under Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Senda Atsushi , Kojima Mitsuaki , Watanabe Arisa , Kobayashi Tetsuyuki , Nakatsutsumi Keita , Yagi Masayuki , Morishita Koji , Aiboshi Junichi , Otomo Yasuhiro
Published: August 2021

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to multiple organ injuries via gut-derived mediators following severe injury. Growing evidence suggests that exosomes secreted from intestinal epithelial cells are heavily involved in the development of systemic inflammation, but a full elucidation of its pathology remains to be completed. To produce an integrated understanding of its pathology, this study aimed to reveal the changes in exosome content after ischemic stimulation. Our result showed (1) the proteins involved in inflammation by catalyzing RNAs were upregulated, (2) hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-23a-3p, and hsa-miR-30d-5p levels were increased while hsa-miR-124-3p level was decreased, (3) the increase in unsaturated lysophosphatidylcholines levels. These results together with those of previous studies, suggest that lysophosphatidylcholines may activate the NK-κB pathway. The proteins and microRNAs jointly act to disrupt negative feedback, thereby increasing inflammation. Thus, our results clarify part of the mechanism of multi-organ failure after intestinal ischemic recanalization, thereby providing a new target for treatment.
The Effects of Total Parenteral Nutrition on Plasma Aluminium Level in Premature
Authors: bahar SEMRA , zubarioglu umut , Bulbul Ali
Published: August 2021

There are studies showing that parenteral nutrition fluids used for adaptation of preterm infants contain aluminum. It is known that aluminum accumulates in the body, disrupts mental development, affects bone mineral structure. In our study, we aimed to investigate parenteral nutrition and aluminum transmission in preterm infants. A total of 45 babies born during pregnancy week ≤32 and / or under 1500 gr were included in the study. A statistically significant increase was observed when we compared the levels of aluminum in the cord blood and in the 14th day of the patients. When the factors affecting serum aluminum levels were examined, no significant difference was found between birth weight, birth week and gender. No statistically significant difference was found between the duration of taking antibiotics, inotropic drugs serum aluminum levels. Statistically significance was found between number of days of furosemid administeration and serum Al levels. Longer parenteral nutrition was associated with greater increase in serum aluminium levels. A significant positive correlation was found between serum aluminium levels on 14th day and the calcium and magnesium levels in the TPN solutions which were administered in the first 7 days. In conclusion, the increase in serum aluminum levels in preterm infants fed parenteral nutrition was found to be statistically significant. In infants with longer parenteral nutrition, the increase in serum aluminum levels was greater. It is planned to continue our research in terms of long term effects of aluminum.
Androgen regulates the expression and function of connexin 43 in granulosa cells via the PKC signalling pathway
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Xu Yang , Kuai Yanrong , Wang Sheng , Yu Jiao
Published: August 2021

Background

Poor ovarian response (POR) is one of the most challenging issues in assisted reproductive technology. Given the importance of androgens in follicle recruitment, growth and development, domestic and foreign reproductive centers have added androgen as an adjuvant to in vitro fertilization protocols for patients with POR to improve the ovarian response. The mechanism underlying the effects of androgens is unclear. The aim of this research was to study the effects of testosterone on granulosa cells and the underlying mechanisms.
Methods

The human ovarian granulosa cell line KGN was treated with testosterone at various concentrations, an androgen receptor antagonist (flutamide) and a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor (GF109203X). The protein levels of PKC and phosphorylated connexin 43 (p-Cx43) were measured using Western blot analysis. The location and distribution of Cx43 and p-Cx43 were determined by immunofluorescence. Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) was monitored using the scrape loading/dye transfer method.
Results

The results showed that treatment with testosterone at a physiological level significantly increased the PKC and p-Cx43 levels and GJIC activity in a concentration-dependent manner. However, the expression of PKC, p-Cx43 levels and GJIC activity in the cells treated with testosterone above physiological concentrations (10− 5 M) decreased compared with those in the cells treated with 10− 7 M testosterone. Compared to the 10− 7 M testosterone-treated cells, the KGN cells treated with flutamide had much lower levels of PKC and p-Cx43. The levels of p-Cx43 and GJIC activity in the GF109203X-treated group were decreased compared to those in the 10− 7 M testosterone group. Immunofluorescence showed that testosterone treatment had no effect on the localization and distribution of gap junction proteins.
Conclusions

This study suggests that androgen can increase GJIC activity in granulosa cells by phosphorylating Cx43 via the PKC signalling pathway to promote oocyte development. The results of this study might provide a theoretical basis for androgen pretreatment of patients with POR.
Non-Field Analytical Method for Filtration of Slightly Compressible Fluid through Porous Media with Stagnation Areas
Authors: Kulish Vladimir , Schmirler Michal , Sláma Pavel
Published: August 2021

In this study the method of Kulish has been used to derive a non-field solution of the equation, which models the process of unsteady filtration of a slightly compressible fluid within a domain consisting of both flow and stagnation areas under the influence of some pressure distribution at the boundary. The solution relates the local values of pressure and the corresponding pressure gradient and is valid everywhere within the domain including the boundary. The solution thus obtained is in the form of a series with respect to generalised differ-integral operators of fractional orders. The solution has been compared with the know solution of the filtration problem with no stagnation areas. Finally, an integral equation to estimate the pressure evolution at the boundary for a given filtration speed has been proposed.
Development of Hybrid Artificial Neural Network and Decision Tree Algorithm for Air Quality Prediction
Authors: Gunasekar S , Kumar G Joselin Retna , Vijayakumar K , Agbulu G Pius
Published: August 2021

With the drastic development of smart cities and technology, various pollutions occurred in an environment such as air, water and noise. More specifically, air pollution has risen due to the population and transportation and it also direct impact on human health. To suggest a useful preventive measure, proper prediction of air quality is needed. Today machine learning (ML) algorithms support intelligent data analysis and are applied in various fields like medical, Market basket analysis, Finance and weather forecasting etc. This work is used to analyze the performance of air quality prediction by using various ML algorithms. In addition, a hybrid neural network and decision tree model is proposed for accurate forecasting. Experiential results show that the proposed hybrid model achieves higher accuracy than other methods. The proposed model attained an accuracy of 99.88%, with a sensitivity score of 99% and a specificity score of 99.88%.
FCC Algorithm for Power Loss Diminution
Authors: Kanagasabai L.
Published: August 2021

In this work, the FCC algorithm has been applied to the power problem. Real power loss reduction, voltage deviation minimization, and voltage stability enhancement are the key objectives of the proposed work. The proposed FCC algorithm has been modeled based on the competition, communication among teams, and training procedure within the team. The solution has been created based on the team, players, coach, and substitution tactic. A preliminary solution of the problem is produced, and the initialization of the teams depends on the team’s formation with substitute tactics. Mainly fitness function for each solution is computed, and it plays an imperative role in the process of the algorithm. With the performance in the season, promotion and demotion of the teams will be there. Most excellently performed teams will be promoted to a senior division championship, and the most poorly performed team will be demoted to the top lower division league. Ideas and tactics sharing procedure, repositioning procedure, Substitution procedure, seasonal transmit procedure, Promotion and demotion procedure of a team which plays in the confederation cup has been imitated to solve the problem. Similar to an artificial neural network, a learning phase is also applied in the projected algorithm to improve the quality of the solution. Modernization procedure employed sequentially to identify the best solution. With and without voltage stability (L-index) FCC algorithm is evaluated in IEEE 30, bus system. Then the Proposed FCC algorithm has been evaluated in standard IEEE 14, 57,118,300 bus test systems without L-index. Power loss minimization and voltage stability index improvement have been achieved with voltage deviation minimization.
Influence of intensive parameters and assemblies on friction evolution during piston-cylinder experiments
Authors: Condamine Pierre , Tournier Simon , Charlier Bernard , Médard Etienne , Triantafyllou Antoine , Dalou Célia , Tissandier Laurent , Lequin Delphine , Cartier Camille , Füri Evelyn , Burnard Pete G. , Demouchy Sylvie , Marrocchi Yves
Published: August 2021

Piston-cylinder assemblies exhibit inhomogeneous pressure distributions and biases compared to the theoretical pressure applied to the hydraulic press because of the thermal and mechanical properties of the assembly components. Whereas these effects can partially be corrected by conventional calibration, systematic quantification of friction values remain very sparse and results vary greatly among previous studies. We performed an experimental study to investigate the behavior of the most common cell assemblies, i.e., talc [Mg3Si4O10(OH)2], NaCl, and BaCO3, during piston-cylinder experiments to estimate the effects of pressure, temperature, run duration, assembly size, and assembly materials on friction values. Our study demonstrates that friction decreases with time and also partially depends on temperature but does not depend on pressure. We determined that friction decreases from 24 to 17% as temperature increases from 900 to 1300 °C when using talc cells, indicating a friction decrease of ~2% per 100 °C increase for 24 h experiments. In contrast, friction becomes independent of time above 1300 °C. Moreover, at a fixed temperature of 900 °C, friction decreases from 29% in 6 h runs to 21% in 48 h runs, corresponding to a decrease of friction of 0.2% per hour. Similar results obtained with NaCl cell assemblies suggest that friction is constant within error, from 8% in 9 h runs to 5% in 24 h runs. At 900 °C, possible steady-state friction values are only reached after at least 48 h, indicating that friction should be considered a variable for shorter experiments. We establish that assembly materials (and their associated thermomechanical properties) influence the friction correction more than the dimensions of the assembly parts. Finally, we show that the use of polytetrafluoroethylene film instead of conventional Pb foil does not modify friction but significantly reduces the force required for sample extraction, thus increasing the lifetime of the carbide core, which in turn enhances experimental reproducibility.
Isospin asymmetry in holographic baryonic matter
Authors: Kovensky Nicolas , Schmitt Andreas
Published: August 2021

We study baryonic matter with isospin asymmetry, including fully dynamically its interplay with pion condensation. To this end, we employ the holographic Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model and the so-called homogeneous ansatz for the gauge fields in the bulk to describe baryonic matter. Within the confined geometry and restricting ourselves to the chiral limit, we map out the phase structure in the presence of baryon and isospin chemical potentials, showing that for sufficiently large chemical potentials condensed pions and isospin-asymmetric baryonic matter coexist. We also present first results of the same approach in the deconfined geometry and demonstrate that this case, albeit technically more involved, is better suited for comparisons with and predictions for real-world QCD. Our study lays the ground for future improved holographic studies aiming towards a realistic description of charge neutral, beta-equilibrated matter in compact stars, and also for more refined comparisons with lattice studies at nonzero isospin chemical potential.
Efficacy and safety of carotid endarterectomy in the acute phase of ischemic stroke
Authors: Khayrutdinov A. I. , Tarasov Yu. V. , Valiullin D. Kh. , Yakubova V. T. , Komarov R. N. , Shchanitsyn I. N. , Bazhanov S. P.
Published: August 2021

Introduction.Nowadays it’s recommended to perform carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in up to 14 days after nondisabling stroke; the procedure is aimed at the prevention of recurrent stroke.

The objectiveof this research was the comparison of short-term and long-term (12 months) outcomes with early (in up to 30 days) and delayed (30-180 days) CEA in patients who suffered strokes of various severities.

Materials and methods. The research involved 88 patients who underwent CEA in the early stage (Group 1) and 88 patients who underwent CEA in their late period (Group 2). We assessed primary endpoints: ipsilateral stroke, myocardial infarction, 30-day Lethality, 30-day lethality after the surgery, any stroke or infarction (MACE). Secondary endpoints: the same parameters within 12 months after the surgery, post-surgery local or systemic complications, restenosis, changes in neurologic or cognitive status.

Results.In 30 days we observed ipsilateral strokes in 3 patients in Group 1 (3.4 percent), it was lethal in 1 patient (1.1 percent). 170 of 176 (96 percent) patients were followed up for 12 months. One lethal stroke was registered in the group of late interventions (1.1 percent). No statistically significant differences were observed between the outcomes in early and late treatment groups. The severity of disability (mRS) in patients of the early intervention group was significantly smaller at discharge and in 12 months after surgery.

Conclusion.The advisability of early CEA performance was proven by the absence of differences in post-surgery 30-day and longterm lethality as well as the progress of stroke or infarction with early or late CEA. In 12 months after the surgeries, significant improvement in neurologic status by mRS was only observed in the group of early interventions.
Clinical observation of the course of COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis during ocrelizumab therapy: two clinical cases
Authors: Popova E. V. , Alexandrov M. I. , Trubnikova I. A. , Zeynalova S. R.
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic was announced in 2020, and many professional medical societies had to review their algorithms for the management of high-risk patients. In addition to risk factors such as overweight, age over 65 years, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and bronchial asthma, other chronic diseases should also be emphasized, taking into account possible immunosuppressive therapy. This publication presents two clinical cases of COVID-19 infection in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab. During the course of the disease, both patients developed a cytokine storm and were treated with IL-6 blockers. Both cases ended with recovery and a subsequent return to anti-B-cell therapy. Given the mechanism of action of ocrelizumab, there are higher risks of infectious complications, including with COVID-19, but mortality is not higher than the population average. The information published to date may serve as a reason to consider the use of extended dosing intervals to minimize the possible risks of COVID-19 infection, which are probably highest in the first months after infusion.
Antirheumatic drugs and COVID-19: frustrations and hopes
Authors: Aronova E. S. , Belov B. S.
Published: August 2021

In accordance with current views on the pathogenesis of the new coronavirus infection, some antirheumatic drugs are considered as therapeutic agents for suppressing the hyperinflammatory response in severe COVID-19. The review presents literature data on the efficacy and safety of certain basic anti-inflammatory and genetically engineered drugs in patients with COVID-19. Hydroxychloroquine is not indicated for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection of any severity due to the lack of therapeutic benefits, the likelihood of a worse prognosis in more severe patients and the development of adverse reactions, especially when used concomitantly with azithromycin. The use of systemic glucocorticoids (GC) in patients with COVID-19 who require oxygen support leads to a decrease in mortality and an improvement in the prognosis of the disease. However, the optimal time of administration, dose and duration of HA administration remain the subject of further research. Despite the encouraging data, it is too early to draw final conclusions about the feasibility of using tocilizumab in COVID-19, since no randomized clinical trials have demonstrated a clear advantage of the drug in terms of reducing mortality. The use of anakinra does not reduce the need for noninvasive / invasive lung ventilation or the mortality of patients with COVID-19. Two drugs from the group of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors - infliximab and adalimumabare currently being considered as possible treatment options for COVID-19. The use of a combination of baricitinib and remdesivir for the treatment of COVID-19 patients requiring oxygen support has been approved. New RCTs are needed to study the effectiveness of other anti-rheumatic drugs in COVID-19.
Motor-speech disorders in a patient with a vertebrobasilar stroke affected by coronavirus infection (clinical observation)
Authors: Obukhova A. V. , Koberskaya N. N. , Artemev D. A.
Published: August 2021

Amidst the growing coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic, there is increasing evidence of the development of neurological complications of this disease and, especially, acute cerebrovascular accidents, and what is more, an increase in incidence rates of strokes is noted in the patients under the age of 50, who did not have risk factors for cerebrovascular diseases. The article examines several potential mechanisms that determine the relationships between ischemic stroke and COVID-19. A clinical case of the development of ischemic stroke in the vertebrobasilar system affected by the coronavirus infection is presented. The causal relationship between coronavirus infection and vascular catastrophe is discussed. In the described case, COVID-19 contributed to the decompensation of the patient’s associated risk factors. A feature of the described case is the delayed development of a rare motor disorder in the form of Holmes tremor and combined speech disorders (dysarthria and aftereffects of motor aphasia) in the patient. Holmes tremor is an unusual type of tremor characterized by a combination of rest, postural, and action tremors that predominantly affects the proximal limbs. This symptom is named after the British neurologist Gordon Holmes, who described a series of cases of an unusual variant of tremulous hyperkinesis in 1904. The article discusses the pathogenesis issues of the development of this condition and provides clinical criteria for Holmes tremor. This is a rather rare symptom, there are no data on large studies of this disorder in the literature, and it is mainly described in small series of clinical cases. The efficacy of Akatinol Memantine in the treatment of post-stroke speech disorders is discussed, and the rationale for prescribing this drug in the management of patients with post-stroke speech disorders is presented.
Certain risk factors for the development of cognitive impairment in persons with epilepsy and new therapeutic options
Authors: Pizova N. V. , Pizov A. V.
Published: August 2021

Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disease. The problems of people with epilepsy go well beyond epileptic seizures. Comorbidities in epilepsy are very common and often cause more problems to the patients than the seizures themselves. Although seizures are the most prominent clinical presentation of epilepsy, people with epilepsy are exposed to risk of not only seizures, but also of many health problems. Both children and adults with epilepsy often complain of memory impairment. It is commonly believed that cognitive dysfunction in epilepsy is multifactorial. The components that deteriorate cognitive functions include active seizures and especially generalized tonic-clonic seizures, traumatic brain injuries, structural epilepsy, and drug therapy. Cognitive dysfunction is very often present as far back as during the onset of epilepsy. The cognitive dysfunction detected in patients with epilepsy depend on the localization of the epileptic focus, the frequency and type of epileptic seizures, and changes in the interictal electroencephalogram. Seizures can be controlled with antiepileptic drugs in most patients with epilepsy. Therapy of cognitive dysfunction in patients with epilepsy presents significant difficulties, as there is no evidence of the efficacy of various drugs in cognitive disorders. The article presents a new Russian antiepileptic drug based on phenosanic acid as part of combination therapy in patients with partial epileptic seizures with or without secondary generalization, which can improve cognitive functions in patients with epilepsy.
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health
Authors: Okulov E. A. , Dotsenko A. V. , Dyakonova E. I. , Yatsyk S. P. , Yatsyk S. P.
Published: August 2021

Abstract Introduction. Anorectal malformations are one of the most numerous groups of proctologic pathology in children. The incidence is 1 per 5,000 live births. Perineal ultrasound, distal colostography, and MRI of the pelvic organs and sacrococcygeal region are used to clarify the anatomico-topographic features of the malformation and identify concomitant malformations (presacral masses, distal spinal cord pathology). This article presents a clinical case of surgical treatment of an 11-year-old girl who underwent primary surgery for anorectal malformation with rectovestibular fistula in infancy. In the postoperative period for 10 years, the parents practically did not carry out rehabilitation therapy. These factors led to persistent decompensation of the lower intestine in the form of a giant megarectum, which required repeated anorectoplasty with resection of pathologically dilated parts of the intestinal tube. The article presents description of the repeated surgery with intraoperative electromyoidentification of the perineal muscles, data of follow-up 9 months after the repeated anorectoplasty with instrumental diagnostic methods (irrigography, functional study of the closing apparatus of the rectum).

Discussion. This clinical observation illustrates complications following surgical treatment of anorectal malformation with rectovestibular fistula. Lack of intraoperative electromyoidentification of the muscles during primary anorectoplasty often resulted in ectopia of the neoanus relative to the center of the perineal muscle center. This circumstance was one of the causes of persistent chronic constipation in the postoperative period.

Conclusion. The use of electromyostimulation during primary proctoplasty for reliable determination of the sphincter-levator complex topography is mandatory. Long sequential rehabilitation in the postoperative period including neoanus bougienage, provision of regular full defecation, physiotherapeutic treatment, as well as regular follow-up examination in the in-patient department is also an integral part of the treatment.
Differential diagnosis of infectious watery diarrhea (view from time immemorial to the present). Modern approaches to rehydration
Authors: Zakharova I. N. , Berezhnaya I. V. , Kamilova A. T. , Dmitrieva D. K. , Akhmedova D. I.
Published: August 2021

Today, as in ancient times, diarrhea (loss of water and electrolytes along with stool) accompanies many pathological conditions in humans. The pathophysiology of various types of diarrhea has been studied, which made it possible to optimize therapeutic approaches and save the lives of many people. The most dangerous conditions occur in young patients with osmotic and exudative types of diarrhea, as they result in exicosis within a short time. In arriving at a diagnosis, rehydration therapy should be started as soon as possible. The article presents the historical aspects associated with the global pandemics of cholera. The history of the creation of solutions for intravenous and oral rehydration is covered. The authors presented tables for calculating fluid losses and the required volume of solutions for oral or parenteral administration. The modern requirements for rehydration solutions and the principles of rehydration in children are presented. Oral rehydration is particularly problematic for young children due to the limited range of drugs and requirements for the composition of solutions used in pediatrics. According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization and ESPGHAN, clinical recommendations of the Russian Federation, low-osmolar solutions should be used. When complex solutions containing probiotic and zinc are used, the therapy compliance increases. A rehydration solution, which contains a weighted amount of salt for the preparation of a low-osmolar solution, as well as the probiotic L. reuteri DSM 17938 at least 1 billion of viable bacteria and zinc sulphate 0.004 g is one of the latest solutions. The results of studies of this solution are provided.
Preventive vaccination compliance among medical students and pediatricians during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dmitriev A. V. , Fedinа N. V. , Tkachenko T. G. , Gudkov R. A. , Petrova V. I. , Zaplatnikov А. L.
Published: August 2021

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has become a strength test for the national healthcare systems and medical professional communities. The pandemic gave a revealing insight into the provision of resuscitation care, a shortage of personnel and protective equipment, and the lack of effective drugs to treat a novel, poorly studied infection. Objective. To identify the attitude towards immunoprophylaxis in general and against the coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in particular among medical students and pediatricians and to assess the dynamics of compliance to vaccination in these groups. Materials and methods. The survey was conducted among the 5-6-year students of the medical and pediatric faculties of the Ryazan State Medical University (RSMU) of the Ministry of Health of Russia in 2017 and 2021, the groups of students included 250 and 225 people, respectively. The children’s polyclinic pediatrician groups included 45 and 60 people in 2017 and 2021, respectively. The survey was conducted anonymously, face-to-face, and without compulsion. The identical questionnaires asked students 13 questions and pediatricians 10 questions with suggested response options. Results and discussion. The percentage of students who correctly named the number of vaccine preventable diseases in the National Immunisation Schedule has significantly decreased; the number of students who were not aware of the availability of the chickenpox vaccine has increased by 1.9 times. In 2021, the number of students giving priority to domestic vaccines decreased by 2.3 times, and the number of those choosing imported drugs as better and safer ones has increased by 1.5 times. In 2021, the number of senior students who were vaccinated against influenza doubled as compared to 2017. At the same time, the students agreed to recommend their patients to be vaccinated against influenza 1.4 times more often.  During the 2021 pediatrician survey, the number of respondents, who preferred imported vaccines as better and safer ones, increased by 4 times, and the number of domestic vaccine advocates decreased by 1.8 times. In addition, the number of pediatricians who did not decide on this issue has increased by 9.8 times. Сonclusion. The results of the survey showed that there is still a lack of compliance to vaccine prophylaxis in certain groups of the professional medical community. The student cohort showed a decrease in knowledge and confidence in the vaccine prophylaxis. Among practitioners, there has been a positive trend towards an increase in the percentage of pediatricians, who considered it expedient to vaccinate children with chronic pathology.
Congenital malformations and minor anomalies in newborns depending on the type of resolved infertility and health of the parents
Authors: Soboleva M. K. , Кinsht D. A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The use of  sisted reproductive technologies has had sufficient experience to reduce the risks associated with the technologies themselves. But pediatricians remain concerned about the health of children born from induced pregnancies because of the influence of the parents’ initial health on perinatal outcomes. Congenital malformations remain socially significant, the risk of which may be higher for children from induced pregnancy.

Objective: to evaluate the effect of initial parental health and the methods of assisted reproductive technology used on the formation of congenital malformations and minor anomalies in children from singleton induced pregnancies.

Materials and Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data on live-born children from singleton induced pregnancy born at the Avicenna Medical Center (Novosibirsk) over the period from 2007 to 2017 (n = 409). The reproductive, somatic, and infectious history of the parents and the methods of assisted reproductive technology used were assessed. Parental fertility treatment up to childbirth was performed in the same center, which ensured complete continuity of follow-up. Differences between the groups of children from SIP with and without congenital anomalies were determined using Pearson’s chi-squared test.

Results and discussion. We found that children with congenital malformations and minor anomalies were more often born as a result of subsequent pregnancies; thawed embryos transferred at the blastocyst stage were used in assisted reproductive technology programs (p < 0.05); exacerbations of herpes type 2 infection were diagnosed during the current pregnancy (p < 0.05). In the group of children with only CM, the parents had a longer history of infertility (8.3 ± 1.2) years; pregnancy was achieved by transferring fresh embryos at the blastocyst stage (in 68.2% of cases). In the group of children without congenital malformations and minor anomalies, the maternal infectious history was more severe: there were significantly more frequent cases of urogenital infections (p < 0.05) and exacerbations of herpes simplex virus type 1 during pregnancy (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. A set of measures aimed at an earlier solution of the infertility problem is necessary for the primary prevention of congenital abnormalities associated with the age and duration of parental infertility.
Therapy of rhinosinusitis in childhood
Authors: Santalova G. V.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The relevance of the problem of rhinosinusitis in different ages is due to their high prevalence. The article presents information with approaches of  the  treatment rhinosinusitis in  children, which allow preventing irreversible changes in the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The importance of eliminating dysregulation in biological networks underlying the disease is noted. Such capabilities are possessed by means of bioregulatory medicine.

Aim of the study: To carry out a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of chronic rhinosinusitis treatment with Euphorbium compositum and conventional methods of therapy in children.

Materials and methods: We conducted retro- and prospective study in children’s polyclinic No. 1 and homeopathic center “Homeopathic medicine” in Samara. There were 66 children aged 7 to 12 years old diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis under observation. The children were observed in two groups for 2 years. Results. In chronic sinusitis within 2 weeks after the beginning of the course of therapy significant symptomatic improvement was registered in 75.8% of the patients receiving Euforbium compositum and in 71.3% of the patients receiving conventional medical therapy. During the clinical observations there was not a single case of adverse effects against the background of Euphorbium compositum therapy, the patients’ general condition and nasal breathing parameters reliably improved.

Results.Numerous scientific studies noted: the ability of nasal spray Euphorbium compositum to have a complex multi-target effect on the process of inflammation, on the state of nasal mucous membranes; safety and effectiveness.

Conclusions. Complex bioregulating action of Euphorbium compositum Nasentropfen C allows to control and optimize the course of chronic inflammatory process in rhinosinusitis. Its application promotes restoration of structure and function of nasal cavity mucosa, it is not accompanied by complications. These characteristics in combination with good tolerability make it possible to use the drug for treatment of rhinosinusitis.
Mudanças no Uso da Terra a Partir da Expansão do Cultivo da Cana-de-Açúcar na Região Oeste do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Kodama Ivana Sayuri , Lourenzani Wagner Luiz
Published: August 2021

O Brasil é o maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar e apresenta elevada competitividade na produção do etanol. O lançamento dos veículos flex fuel, em 2003, propiciou uma nova fase de expansão do cultivo dessa cultura, principalmente no estado de São Paulo. Contudo, esse processo não ocorreu de forma homogênea em todo o território estadual, sendo muito mais expressivo na região Oeste Paulista. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem por objetivo analisar as mudanças no uso da terra na região Oeste Paulista, no período entre 2003 e 2018, provocadas pela expansão do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar. Para tanto, utiliza-se o modelo shift-share, que, por meio da decomposição da variação das áreas, possibilita calcular os efeitos escala e substituição das principais atividades em análise. Os resultados sugerem conflito no uso da terra entre a cana-de-açúcar e as culturas já instaladas, principalmente a soja, borracha e amendoim e que a expansão canavieira na região foi impulsionada, principalmente, pela substituição de culturas como o milho, frutas, feijão, café, trigo e arroz, e, também pela incorporação de áreas de pastagens, consequentemente, da atividade pecuária bovina.
Redes de Colaboração para Promoção de Coleta Seletiva com Inclusão Social de Catadores de Materiais Recicláveis: Cenários de Articulação em São Carlos-SP
Authors: Santiago Cristine Diniz , Dal Secco-Oliveira Letícia Dal Picolo , Santos Carolina Valente , Zanin Maria , Teixeira Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
Published: August 2021

As políticas públicas municipais de resíduos sólidos não têm acompanhado as proposições da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos e os catadores de materiais recicláveis, comumente alinhados a princípios da economia solidária, encontram dificuldade em se inserir nos projetos de coleta seletiva. Considerando que a articulação de apoiadores em rede pode contribuir para superar essa problemática, objetiva-se caracterizar as iniciativas de apoio ao programa de coleta seletiva de São Carlos-SP e à Cooperativa de Trabalho de Catadores de Materiais Recicláveis de São Carlos-SP (Coopervida) e identificar suas estratégias de articulação. Realizou-se revisão bibliográfica e análise documental e as informações foram sistematizadas em quatro cenários de análise. Observou-se a ocorrência de diversas estratégias de articulação em rede, que contribuíram para o desenvolvimento do programa de coleta seletiva e manutenção da Coopervida, bem como a presença de instituições vinculadas à economia solidária em todos os cenários. O município ainda precisa avançar no estabelecimento de políticas públicas de resíduos sólidos com participação popular.
La fotografía de moda en las revistas de moda de alta gama:
Authors: Guerrero González-Valerio Beatriz
Published: August 2021

La fotografía desempeña un papel clave dentro de las revistas especializadas en moda. En este tipo de publicaciones, también denominadas femeninas, las imágenes ocupan un espacio prioritario. Uno de los principales motivos es que la moda necesita generar deseo e ilusión, siempre tiene que ir un paso más allá porque su esencia es la aspiración, y este componente de sueño y seducción se puede transmitir eficazmente a través de una fotografía. Así mismo, la moda es la tendencia, es sinónimo de cambio constante y las fotografías, por su inmediatez e instantaneidad características, se adaptan a esa sensación de fugacidad que requiere la moda. A través de este artículo se pretende señalar las diferencias entre la fotografía realizada para un editorial de moda y la fotografía publicitaria de moda, partiendo de que ambas tienen como hilo conductor la moda y la fotografía, y que ambas responden a unos intereses comerciales. Por último, se abordarán los límites éticos de la fotografía de moda.
Ética y didáctica:
Authors: Suárez Ramírez Sergio , Suárez Ramírez Miriam
Published: August 2021

En un mundo cada vez más digital, los datos multimedia siguen necesitando el texto que aclare. No debemos olvidar que estos documentos ofrecen interpretaciones polisémicas. El apoyo de los textos (pies de foto) se hace necesario para expresar su significado más conciso. En los sitios web de los principales medios de comunicación los pies de foto aparecen en las noticias, no en las portadas digitales por causa de la economía del espacio. En las ediciones digitales, el multimedia ejerce una función de diseño, de reclamo, de hipervínculo a la información. Nos preguntamos si optar por el diseño no menosprecia la información de los pies de foto. Quizá sea una cuestión de la postverdad porque lo cierto es que cada vez resulta más complejo encontrar textos veraces y exactos. Mediante el presente trabajo se reflexiona sobre la irrupción de las TIC, sobre la pérdida de la información en los procesos comunicativos, se exploran las portadas digitales de cuatro periódicos en busca de los pies de foto que contextualicen y aclaren la polisemia del multimedia. Nuestro objetivo es que los jóvenes dispongan de herramientas para valorar la objetividad y subjetividad de los textos periodísticos. A partir de una propuesta didáctica sobre pies de foto, se ofrecen una serie de actividades para comprobar si la presencia de mecanismos retóricos -propia de discursos argumentativos y literarios- desempeña un papel clave para identificar la desinformación en la era de la postverdad.
El fotógrafo, la niña y el buitre:
Authors: Colorado Nates Óscar
Published: August 2021

El fotógrafo Kevin Carter se suicidó poco tiempo después de recibir el premio Pulitzer por una fotografía que hizo en África donde un buitre parece acechar a un menor hambriento. Aunque el lugar común ha sido achacar el motivo del sucidio del fotoperiodista por el remordimiento, el dilema ético es mucho más complejo y el contexto del caso merece una revisión más minuciosa de los hechos y situaciones que llevaron a Carter a terminar con su propia vida.
Ética y responsabilidad del creador visual.
Authors: Castellanos Herrera Ulises
Published: August 2021

En el presente texto se explora la relación entre la ética, el sensacionalismo y la falta de profesionalismo en el periodismo ciudadano, las fake news, el plagio y la manipulación en la fotografía informativa. Los fotoperiodistas requieren un juego de herramientas nuevo donde exista una convergencia entre fotografía fija, video, nuevas narrativas en el marco de una ética muy clara.
Verdad y falsedad de la información.
Authors: Ramos Chávez Alejandro
Published: August 2021

Sin lugar a duda las temáticas que se movilizan en el libro “Verdad y falsedad de la información”, coordinado por Georgina Araceli Torres Vargas y María Teresa Fernández Bajón, dividido en tres apartados generales, 14 capítulos y la presentación, resultan relevantes y muy oportunas para ser tratados en estos tiempos. En la actualidad existen muchos debates acerca de los medios por los cuales los individuos se están allegando de información tanto para solucionar diversas temáticas de su día a día, pero también de información relacionada con su forma de entender e intervenir en los asuntos de interés público. De ahí que las temáticas movilizadas en este libro, sobre la verdad y la falsedad de la información, resulten relevantes, pertinentes y oportunas.
El beso de Judas. Fotografía y verdad.
Authors: Fernández Arellano Maribel
Published: August 2021

Joan Fontcuberta se ha convertido en pensador fundamental sobre la fotografía. En su obra El beso de Judas. Fotografía y verdad, el fotógrafo, teórico y crítico barcelonés presenta una serie de ensayos en donde cuestiona la existencia de un carácter verdadero en el quehacer fotográfico o si se trata, más bien, de un acto hipócrita y desleal estrechamente vinculado con los medios de comunicación. Para Fontcuberta, la fotografía es erróneamente concebida como un vehículo de la Verdad. Su producción es una farsa equiparable a uno de los episodios más clásicos de la infamia y la hipocresía: el momento en el que Judas Iscariote, en el huerto de Getsemaní, traiciona a Jesús de Nazareth y lo delata. Su obra exhibe a la producción fotográfica como una traición que se oculta detrás de un acto otrora interpretado como inocente, como la naturaleza de un beso.
Presentación
Authors: Navarro Mariano
Published: August 2021

En este número, dedicado al muy actual y pertinente estudio de la serialidad televisiva, contamos con artículos que proceden de académicos de instituciones como las universidades de Sevilla, Extremadura, Carlos III y Rey Juan Carlos en España; la Università della Santa Crocce en Italia y las universidades Iberoamericana, UNAM e ITESM en México, además de nuestra Universidad Panamericana. Aunque sin duda el cambio en los patrones de consumo de narrativas audiovisuales, en general, y series de televisión en particular, vuelve más acuciante su estudio y análisis profundo, es relevante mencionar que la aproximación a este fenómeno cultural-mediático se efectúa desde una de las dimensiones que marca la identidad de nuestra casa de estudios, esto es, considerando sus implicaciones humanistas y éticas. Una reflexión en dichos términos parece más necesaria que nunca, y pensamos que este número de nuestra publicación científica es una aportación relevante en esa dirección.
Beyond words_quantitative analysis of complex serial visual narrative through interaction-based modeled observations
Authors: Garza Patricia , Yañez Coppelia , Arenas Santiago , Padilla Fernanda
Published: August 2021

A pesar de que las diferencias entre las estructuras de la narrativa visual serializada y otro tipo de medios visuales o literarios han sido ampliamente reconocidas por la academia, el análisis cuantitativo actual del caso específico de las series de televisión aún se basa en contar instancias o en marcos generales de análisis narrativo. En este artículo intentamos reparar este desajuste mediante la construcción de un modelo basado en las interacciones entre personajes, adaptado a la complejidad de este tipo de narraciones. Para probar sus posibilidades, codificamos las tres primeras temporadas de HBO Game of Thrones y construimos un indicador numérico que puede usarse para el análisis de los personajes más allá de los métodos tradicionales de interpretación. Los resultados muestran una alta correspondencia con un análisis textual tradicional de los personajes, incluso si el modelo no tomó ningún diálogo para evaluar el contenido.
Sensors for rain measurements
Authors: Willems Patrick , Einfalt Thomas
Published: August 2021

Rain measurements based on rain gauges, disdrometers, weather radars and microwave links provide essential input data for urban drainage and stormwater modelling, management, and planning. Their quality strongly depends on the sensor type and calibration, but also on the data post-processing that includes quality control and data adjustment after comparison with reference observations. This chapter provides an overview of traditional techniques and recent developments, and practical advice on the selection of the type of instrument, the installation and calibration aspects to be considered, and the measurement data processing and adjustment needs.