bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case of hepatopulmonary syndrome
Authors: Offer James , Green Lawrence , Houghton Andrew R. , Campbell Jim
Published: April 2015

This report presents the case of a 42-year-old man with liver cirrhosis who presents with breathlessness. Initial investigations are unable to explain his persistent hypoxia and a diagnosis of hepatopulmonary syndrome is considered. Saline contrast echocardiography is utilised in confirming the diagnosis. Details of this case as well as practicalities in performing and interpreting saline contrast echocardiography are reviewed.
Dual signal transduction pathways activated by TSH receptors in rat primary tanycyte cultures
Authors: Bolborea Matei , Helfer Gisela , Ebling Francis J P , Barrett Perry
Published: April 2015

Tanycytes play multiple roles in hypothalamic functions, including sensing peripheral nutrients and metabolic hormones, regulating neurosecretion and mediating seasonal cycles of reproduction and metabolic physiology. This last function reflects the expression of TSH receptors in tanycytes, which detect photoperiod-regulated changes in TSH secretion from the neighbouringpars tuberalis. The present overall aim was to determine the signal transduction pathway by which TSH signals in tanycytes. Expression of the TSH receptor in tanycytes of 10-day-old Sprague Dawley rats was observed byin situhybridisation. Primary ependymal cell cultures prepared from 10-day-old rats were found by immunohistochemistry to express vimentin but not GFAP and by PCR to express mRNA forDio2,Gpr50,Darpp-32andTshreceptors that are characteristic of tanycytes. Treatment of primary tanycyte/ependymal cultures with TSH (100 IU/l) increased cAMP as assessed by ELISA and induced a cAMP-independent increase in the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 as assessed by western blot analysis. Furthermore, TSH (100 IU/l) stimulated a 2.17-fold increase inDio2mRNA expression. We conclude that TSH signal transduction in cultured tanycytes signals via Gαsto increase cAMP and via an alternative G protein to increase phosphorylation of ERK1/2.
Role of GLI2 in hypopituitarism phenotype
Authors: Arnhold Ivo J P , França Marcela M , Carvalho Luciani R , Mendonca Berenice B , Jorge Alexander A L
Published: April 2015

GLI2 is a zinc-finger transcription factor involved in the Sonic Hedgehog pathway. Gli2 mutant mice have hypoplastic anterior and absent posterior pituitary glands. We reviewed the literature for patients with hypopituitarism and alterations inGLI2. Twenty-five patients (16 families) had heterozygous truncating mutations, and the phenotype frequently included GH deficiency, a small anterior pituitary lobe and an ectopic/undescended posterior pituitary lobe on magnetic resonance imaging and postaxial polydactyly. The inheritance pattern was autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. The mutation was frequently inherited from an asymptomatic parent. Eleven patients had heterozygous non-synonymousGLI2variants that were classified as variants of unknown significance, because they were either absent from or had a frequency lower than 0.001 in the databases. In these patients, the posterior pituitary was also ectopic, but none had polydactyly. A third group of variants found in patients with hypopituitarism were considered benign because their frequency was ≥0.001 in the databases.GLI2is a large and polymorphic gene, and sequencing may identify variants whose interpretation may be difficult. Incomplete penetrance implies in the participation of other genetic and/or environmental factors. An interaction betweenGli2mutations and prenatal ethanol exposure has been demonstrated in mice dysmorphology. In conclusion, a relatively high frequency ofGLI2mutations and variants were identified in patients with congenital GH deficiency without other brain defects, and most of these patients presented with combined pituitary hormone deficiency and an ectopic posterior pituitary lobe. Future studies may clarify the relative role and frequency ofGLI2alterations in the aetiology of hypopituitarism.
Human chorionic gonadotropin increases serum progesterone, number of corpora lutea and angiogenic factors in pregnant sheep
Authors: Coleson Megan P T , Sanchez Nicole S , Ashley Amanda K , Ross Timothy T , Ashley Ryan L
Published: April 2015

Early gestation is a critical period when implantation and placental vascularization are established, processes influenced by progesterone (P4). Although human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is not endogenously synthesized by livestock, it binds the LH receptor, stimulating P4synthesis. We hypothesized treating pregnant ewes with hCG would increase serum P4, number of corpora lutea (CLs) and concepti, augment steroidogenic enzymes, and increase membrane P4receptors (PAQRs) and angiogenic factors in reproductive tissues. The objective was to determine molecular alterations induced by hCG in pregnant sheep that may promote pregnancy. Ewes received either 600 IU of hCG or saline i.m. on day 4 post mating. Blood samples were collected daily from day 0 until tissue collection for serum P4analysis. Reproductive tissues were collected on either day 13 or 25 of gestation and analyzed for PAQRs, CXCR4, proangiogenic factors and steroidogenic enzymes. Ewes receiving hCG had more CL and greater serum P4, which remained elevated. On day 25, StAR protein production decreased in CL from hCG-treated ewes while HSD3B1 was unchanged; further, expression ofCXCR4significantly increased andKDRtended to increase. PAQR7 and CXCR4 protein was increased in caruncle tissue from hCG-treated ewes. Maternal hCG exposure influenced fetal extraembryonic tissues, asVEGFA, VEGFB,FLT1, andANGPT1expression increased. Our results indicate hCG increases serum P4due to augmented CL number per ewe. hCG treatment resulted in greater PAQR7 and CXCR4 in maternal endometrium and promoted expression of proangiogenic factors in fetal extraembryonic membranes. Supplementing livestock with hCG may boost P4levels and improve reproductive efficiency.
Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Gifted Students and Differences in Attitudes Regarding the Years of Teaching / Stavovi učitelja prema darovitim učenicima i razlike u stavovima s obzirom na staž
Authors: Perković Krijan Ivana , Borić Edita
Published: April 2015

AbstractAttitudes help us understand teachers’ relationship towards gifted students and they influence teachers’ practice, which can eventually determine the development of the gifted. The aim of this study was to examine the teachers' attitudes towards gifted students and some forms of work with gifted children in school, such as acceleration and ability grouping; as well as to determine whether teachers differ in their attitudes depending on the years of experience. The study was conducted on a sample of 209 class teachers in the area of Brod-Posavina county. The results showed that primary school teachers have positive attitudes towards the needs, support and social value of gifted students but express ambivalent attitudes towards the acceleration, ability grouping and concern that the special treatment of the gifted could have negative consequences. Statistically significant differences were established for certain statements among teachers depending on their years of teaching.Key words: ability grouping; acceleration; attitudes; gifted students; primary school teachers; years of teaching --- Sažetak Stavovi nam pomažu u razumijevanju odnosa učitelja prema darovitim učenicima te utječu na njihovu nastavnu praksu, što u konačnici može odrediti njihov razvoj. Cilj je ovog istraživanja bio ispitati stavove učitelja razredne nastave prema darovitim učenicima i nekim oblicima rada s darovitima u školi poput akceleracije i grupiranja prema sposobnostima, te utvrditi razlikuju li se učitelji u svojim stavovima s obzirom na godine radnog staža. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 209 učitelja razredne nastave s područja Brodsko-posavske županije. Rezultati su pokazali da učitelji imaju pozitivne stavove prema potrebama, podršci i društvenoj vrijednosti darovitih,  no iskazuju neutralne stavove prema akceleraciji, grupiranju prema sposobnostima i bojazni da bi poseban tretman darovitih mogao imati negativne posljedice. Utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike na pojedinim tvrdnjama između učitelja s najmanje radnog staža u odnosu na starije kolege. Ključne riječi: akceleracija; daroviti učenici; grupiranje prema sposobnostima; stavovi; staž; učitelji razredne nastave
Identity of Work of Fine Arts in the Generated Process / Identitet likovnog djela u generiranom procesu
Authors: Rupčić Stjepko
Published: April 2015

AbstractIn everyday practice computer is used as a means to achieve something. It is rarely used for creative production in which case we speak about the interaction with what the computer enables us to do.  We may use the existing programmes as ready-made products as well as places which are changed by reprogramming the already existing programme and changing its settings in a creative way. Thus, a computer's intelligence is situated in its programme. By its nature any programme is a collection of various inputs, strategies and ideas designed to interact with the users. In the case in which a programme transcends the role of a tool and mobilizes its user, it becomes a language, a text, a communicative process. In the emerged identity and knowledge – those terms are the key to the hermeneutical and interactive processes: works of art. The paper studies the relations and aesthetical principles which have emerged as a consequence of co-creativeness in the circumstances in which the work of fine art has been created. It also addresses the problem of the oculocentric culture which, as a dimension of the majority, directs the perception of the crowd towards the traditional understanding derived from the Cartesian doctrine of bipolarity as the foundation of modern thought.Key words: artistic process; hermeneutical; identity; oculocentric culture; software --- SažetakRačunalo se u svakodnevnoj praksi koristi uglavnom kao sredstvo, vrlo rijetko kao alat za kreativne izvedbe. Kod takvog korištenja govorimo o interakciji s onim što nam računalo omogućuje. U  tom slučaju postojeće programe možemo iskoristiti kao gotove proizvode, a također i kao mjesta na koja se intervenira programiranjima na već postojeći program i promjenama postavki kreativno djeluje. Računalo, dakle, svoju inteligenciju posjeduje u programu. Na određeni je način bilo koji program, u svojoj naravi, skup najraznovrsnijih unosa, strategija i ideja koji su kao operativni sadržaj predviđeni za interakciju s korisnicima. U slučaju kada program transcendira ulogu samo alata i mobilizira korisnika, tada postaje jezik, tekst, komunikacijski proces. U nastalom identitetu i znanju ti su pojmovi ključ hermeneutičkih interaktivnih procesa: umjetničkih djela. U radu se ispituju odnosi i estetski principi nastali kao posljedica sukreiranosti u okolnostima nastanka likovnog djela. Dotiče se problem okulocentrističke kulture koja kao dimenzija većine usmjerava percepciju mnoštva prema tradicionalističkim shvaćanjima proizašlim iz kartezijanskog učenja o bipolarnosti kao temelja moderne misli.Ključne riječi: hermeneutički; identitet; okulocentristička kultura; programska podrška; umjetnički proces
Readiness of Prospective Primary School Teachers to Teach Education for Democratic Citizenship / Pripremljenost budućih učitelja primarnog obrazovanja za nastavu Građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja
Authors: Grubišić Anita , Rajić Višnja
Published: April 2015

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to present the results of the research on readiness of prospective primary school teachers to teach Education for Democratic Citizenship (EDC). The paper presents a review of the development of the idea of EDC as well as some key differences in the implementation of EDC. The paper also presents the results of the research carried out on a sample of prospective primary school teachers in their second and final years of study at the Faculty of Teacher Education, University of Zagreb (N = 137). The results have shown that students estimate that they have a low level of proficiency in the context of implementation of Education for Democratic Citizenship, while they consider that the level of their proficiency in the role of a teacher in planning and implementing EDC is somewhat higher. Although students evaluate their proficiency in the context of citizenship as quite low, they think that it is necessary to introduce it as a school subject. The results also imply the need for systematic education of prospective primary school teachers for EDC.Key words: competences; context of implementation; Education for Democratic Citizenship; prospective primary school teachers; teacher’s role ---SažetakCilj rada je prikazati rezultate istraživanja o pripremljenosti budućih učitelja za provođenje Građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja u primarnom obrazovanju. U uvodnom dijelu rad donosi pregled razvoja Građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja, različite načine uvođenja sadržaja Građanskog odgoja i razvoj normativnih temelja za uvođenje predmeta Građanski odgoj i obrazovanje. Prikazani su rezultati istraživanja provedenog među studentima druge i pete godine Učiteljskog fakulteta u Zagrebu (N = 137). Podaci dobiveni istraživanjem pokazali su kako studenti slabo procjenjuju razinu poznavanja konteksta uvođenja Građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja, a nešto pozitivnije procjenjuju poznavanje uloge učitelja u planiranju i provođenju Građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja. Iako studenti navode da su slabo upoznati s kontekstom uvođenja Građanskog odgoja, smatraju kako je taj predmet potrebno uvesti u škole. Rezultati utvrđuju potrebu za sustavnim obrazovanjem budućih učitelja iz područja građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja.Ključni pojmovi: budući učitelji; građanski odgoj i obrazovanje; kompetencije
New easternmost and southernmost records of Pseudoboa coronata Schneider, 1801 (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Pseudoboini), with a distribution map
Authors: Costa Henrique Caldeira , Cotta Giselle Agostini , MacCulloch Ross D.
Published: April 2015

The snake species Pseudoboa coronata has wide distribution from central Brazil to coastal Venezuela and the Guianas, eastern Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. In this note, the known distribution range of P. coronata is extended eastward to the border between the states of Bahia and Pernambuco, and southward to Cachoeira Alta, state of Goiás, both in Brazil. Considering the limited biogeographic information for most taxa, reports like this add significant data for future studies on biogeography, taxonomy, and conservation biology.
FISIOLOGIA DA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES DE Dalbergia nigra(Vell.) Allemão ex Benth. SOB DIFERENTES TEMPERATURAS E TEMPOS DE EXPOSIÇÃO
Authors: Matos Antônio César Batista , Borges Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e , Silva Laércio Junio da
Published: April 2015

A germinação de sementes é dependente de fatores abióticos, sendo a temperatura um dos principais, cuja influência, em condições extremas, causa danos às sementes. Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar o efeito das diferentes temperaturas durante a germinação de Dalbergia nigra e suas implicações na fisiologia das sementes. Avaliaram-se o percentual de germinação, o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG) e a integridade de membranas celulares pelo teste de condutividade elétrica de sementes em diferentes tempos de exposição às temperaturas de 5, 15, 25 (controle), 35 e 45 ºC. A temperatura de 25 ºC correspondeu à temperatura ideal de germinação. Em temperaturas de 5 e 45 ºC, a germinação foi nula. Houve redução da germinação de sementes de D. nigra com o aumento do tempo de exposição das sementes às temperaturas de 5, 15, 35 e 45 ºC. Diferentemente das demais temperaturas, a semipermeabilidade da membrana não é recuperada nas temperaturas de 5 e 45 ºC. A condutividade elétrica é uma técnica eficiente para avaliar a qualidade fisiológica das sementes em diferentes temperaturas.
In vitro EVALUATION OF EUCALYPTUS ECTOMYCORRHIZAE ON SUBSTRATE WITH PHOSPHORUS DOSES FOR FUNGAL PRE-SELECTION
Authors: Costa Lidiomar Soares , Grazziotti Paulo Henrique , Grazziotti Danielle Cristina Fonseca Santos , Silva Alexandre Christófaro , Rossi Márcio José , Silva Enilson de Barros , Costa Victor Hugo Duarte da , Gomes Ângela Laís Fernandes
Published: April 2015

The benefit promoted by ectomycorrhizal depends on the interaction between symbionts and phosphorus (P) contents. Phosphorus effect on ectomycorrhizal formation and the effectiveness of these in promoting plant growth for fungal pre-selection were assessed under in vitro conditions. For P effect evaluation, Eucalyptus urophylla seedlings inoculated with four Pisolithus sp. isolates and others non-inoculated were grown on substrate containing 0.87, 1.16 and 1.72 mg P per plant. For evaluation of effectiveness and fungal pre-selection, other 30 isolates of Pisolithus sp., Pisolithus microcarpus ITA06 isolate, Amanita muscaria AM16 isolate, Scleroderma areolatum SC129 isolate were studied. D26 isolate promoted the highest plant heights for the three P doses, D51 at the lower dose and D72 at the intermediate dose. P doses did not influenced shoot fresh weight and fungal colonization. In the pre-selection of fungi, 14 isolates of Pisolithus sp., P. microcarpus ITA06 isolate and S. areolatum SC129isolate increased plant height and fresh weight. D82 isolate of Pisolithus sp. had effect singly on plant height while D17 and D58 on fresh weight. Of these, only D15, D17, D58 and ITA06 had typical ectomycorrhizae. The cultivation in vitro has shown adequate for pre-selection of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Colonization and benefits depend on species and isolate. D15, D17 and D58 of Pisolithus sp. and P. microcarpus isolate ITA06 are the most promising for nursery studies.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF A RHODIC HAPLUDOX AS A RESULT OF AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Silva Laura Fernanda Simões da , Marinho Mara de Andrade , Matsura Edson Eiji , Cooper Miguel , Ralisch Ricardo
Published: April 2015

In evaluation of soil quality for agricultural use, soil structure is one of the most important properties, which is influenced not only by climate, biological activity, and management practices but also by mechanical and physico-chemical forces acting in the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of conventional agricultural management on the structure and microstructure of a Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico típico (Rhodic Hapludox) in an experimental area planted to maize. Soil morphology was described using the crop profile method by identifying the distinct structural volumes called Morphologically Homogeneous Units (MHUs). For comparison, we also described a profile in an adjacent area without agricultural use and under natural regrowth referred to as Memory. We took undisturbed samples from the main MHUs so as to form thin sections and blocks of soil for micromorphological and micromorphometrical analyses. Results from the application of the crop profile method showed the occurrence of the following structural types: loose (L), fragmented (F) and continuous (C) in both profiles analyzed. In the Memory soil profile, the fragmented structures were classified as Fptμ∆+tf and Fmt∆μ, whose micromorphology shows an enaulic-porphyric (porous) relative distribution with a great deal of biological activity as indicated by the presence of vughs and channels. Lower down, from 0.20 to 0.35 m, there was a continuous soil volume (sub-type C∆μ), with a subangular block microstructure and an enaulic-porphyric relative distribution, though in this case more compact and with aggregate coalescence and less biological activity. The micromorphometrical study of the soil of the Memory Plot showed the predominance of complex pores in NAM (15.03 %), Fmt∆μ (11.72 %), and Fptμ∆+tf (7.73 %), and rounded pores in C∆μ (8.21 %). In the soil under conventional agricultural management, we observed fragmented structures similar to the Memory Plot from 0.02 to 0.20 m, followed by a volume with a compact continuous structure (C∆μ), without visible porosity and with few roots. In the MHUs under conventional management, reduction in the packing pores (40 %) was observed, mainly in the continuous units (C). The microstructure had well-defined blocks, with the occurrence of planar pores and less evidence of biological activity. In conclusion, the morphological and micromorphological analyses of the soil profiles studied offered complementary information regarding soil structural quality, especially concerning the changes in pore types as result of mechanical stress undergone by the soil.
ORGANIC NITROGEN IN A TYPIC HAPLUDOX FERTILIZED WITH PIG SLURRY
Authors: Grohskopf Marco André , Cassol Paulo Cezar , Correa Juliano Corulli , Mafra Maria Sueli Heberle , Panisson Jonas
Published: April 2015

The application of pig slurry may have a different effect on nitrogen dynamics in soil compared to mineral fertilization. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the different forms of organic N in a Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico (Typic Hapludox) and their relationship to N uptake by crops in response to 10 years of annual application of pig slurry and mineral fertilizer. The treatments were application rates of 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry, in addition to mineral fertilizer, organized in a randomized block design with four replications. The N contents were determined in the plant tissue and in the forms of total N and acid hydrolyzed fractions: ammonium-N, hexosamine-N, α-amino-N, amide-N, and unidentified-N. Annual application of pig slurry or mineral fertilizer increased the total-N content in the 0-10 cm depth layer. The main fractions of organic N in the soil were α-amino-N when pig slurry was applied and unidentified-N in the case of mineral fertilizers. Pig slurry increased the N fractions considered as labile: α-amino-N, ammonium-N, and amide-N. The increase in these labile organic N fractions in the soil through pig slurry application allows greater N uptake by the maize and oat crops in a no-tillage system.
Microencapsulação de probióticos por spray drying: avaliação da sobrevivência sob condições gastrointestinais simuladas e da viabilidade sob diferentes temperaturas de armazenamento
Authors: Silva Pablo Teixeira da , Fries Leadir Lucy Martins , Menezes Cristiano Ragagnin de , Silva Cristiane de Bona da , Soriani Hilda Hildebrand , Bastos Juliana de Oliveira , Motta Mariana Heldt , Ribeiro Roseane Fagundes
Published: April 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar microcápsulas contendo Bifidobacterium animalis e Lactobacillus acidophilus, produzidas por spray drying. Ensaios de sobrevivência foram conduzidos para avaliar a resistência dos probióticos a condições gastrointestinais simuladas e a sua viabilidade durante 120 dias de armazenamento a 4ºC e 25ºC, além da análise morfológica das microcápsulas. A microencapsulação protegeu os probióticos das condições gastrointestinais simuladas, os quais permaneceram viáveis após 120 dias de armazenamento a 4ºC e 25ºC, sendo mais viáveis a 4ºC. As microcápsulas apresentaram forma esférica, com superfície contínua relativamente lisa e sem fissuras. O estudo indica que microcápsulas de B. animalis e L. acidophilus, produzidas por spray drying, sobrevivem a condições gastrointestinais simuladas e podem ser melhor armazenadas por 120 dias a 4ºC
Microencapsulation of probiotics using sodium alginate
Authors: Etchepare Mariana de Araújo , Barin Juliano Smanioto , Cichoski Alexandre José , Jacob-Lopes Eduardo , Wagner Roger , Fries Leadir Lucy Martins , Menezes Cristiano Ragagnin de
Published: April 2015

The consumption of probiotics is constantly growing due to the numerous benefits conferred on the health of consumers. In this context, Microencapsulation is a technology that favors the viability of probiotic cultures in food products, mainly by the properties of protection against adverse environmental conditions and controlled release. Currently there are different procedures for microencapsulation using polymers of various types of natural and synthetic origin. The use of sodium alginate polymers is one of the largest potential application in the encapsulation of probiotics because of their versatility, biocompatibility and toxicity exemption. The aim of this review is to present viable encapsulation techniques of probiotics with alginate, emphasizing the internal ionic gelation and external ionic gelation, with the possibility of applying, as well as promising for improving these techniques.
The prevention of teenage pregnancy in adolescent's view
Authors: Fiedler Milla Wildemberg , Araújo Alisson , Souza Márcia Christina Caetano de
Published: April 2015

The objective of the research is to understand the vision of adolescents on the prevention of adolescent pregnancy in a school in the municipality of Divinópolis, Minas Gerais. This is a descriptive study, exploratory, with a qualitative approach, with 14 adolescents. Semistructured interviews. Data were analyzed and interpreted by discourse analysis. The analysis of the reports of the subjects interviewed originated four empirical categories: perception about the importance of preventing teenage pregnancy, knowledge about the use of contraception methods, use of contraceptives methods, barriers to access to health services for the prevention of pregnancy. It is concluded that the adolescents consider the prevention of teenage pregnancy as something positive, express their Knowledge about contraceptive methods demonstrate that practicing, safe sex and unsafe and point out flaws in the quality of health care. Efforts of public power are required for the realization of the public policies in health care of adolescents.
Health behaviors and anthropometric variables among older adults with and without hypertension
Authors: Martins Nayara Paula Fernandes , Tavares Darlene Mara dos Santos
Published: April 2015

The objective was to describe socioeconomic, demographic and morbidity and compare the prevalence and odds of prevalence of health behaviors, overweight, abdominal circumference and indicative of depression among those with and without hypertension. It is cross-sectional study of rural elderly. We conducted descriptive analysis, chi-square test and multiple binary logistic regression (p<0,05). Predominated, for both groups, age 60├70, married, 4├8 years, income of a minimum wage and living with their spouse. Elderly patients with hypertension had lower odds of prevalence for alcohol and smoking and higher odds of overweight, abdominal circumference inappropriate and indicative of depression compared to those without hypertension. Reinforces health actions directed to the rural elderly, through the cessation of smoking and alcohol consumption, weight control and reduction of abdominal circumference among those with hypertension.
Climacteric: intensity of symptoms and sexual performance
Authors: Alves Estela Rodrigues Paiva , Costa Aurélio Molina da , Bezerra Simone Maria Muniz da Silva , Nakano Ana Marcia Spano , Cavalcanti Ana Márcia Tenório de Souza , Dias Maria Djair
Published: April 2015

This paper had the aim to checking the association between the intensity of climacteric symptoms and the pattern of sexual performance of women in this period of the life cycle. A transversal study conducted from July to September 2011 involving 260 climateric women of a physical exercise program. The women were evaluated using the Kupperman Menopausal Index and of the Sexual Quotient. For statistical analysis, there were used: average, standard deviation, percentages and Fisher Exact Test. The women with sexual performance standard good/excellent, mostly, reported mild symptoms in Menopausal Index, and those who had a bad pattern/unfavorable, had high percentages of moderate and severe manifestations. Symptoms of mild intensity were associated with a higher standard of sexual performance, showing that changes in this pattern have strong relationship with the intensity of symptoms.
The nursing process in family health strategy and the care for the elderly
Authors: Silva Kelly Maciel , Santos Silvia Maria Azevedo dos
Published: April 2015

This article aims to nurses practising of Family Health Strategy related to actions directed at the elderly care. It is a qualitative study, converging-assistential, which data were collected between May and June/2012 through interviews and theme workshops with 20 nurses, who work in the Family Health Strategy of a Sanitary District of Florianópolis Municipality, SC. The data analysis involved processes of apprehension, synthesis, theorization and transference, resulting two categories: care to elderly; public Healthcare policy for the elderly. The results sustain discussions about the need of connecting the nurse work and proposal of government policies to the elderly health care. It is strongly recommended permanent education to the professionals already in service, so they can deal with the challenges of population aging.
"With some care, we can go on": experiences of people with ostomy
Authors: Carvalho Sandra Ost Rodrigues Martins , Budó Maria de Lourdes Denardin , Silva Marciele Moreira da , Alberti Gabriela Fávero , Simon Bruna Sodré
Published: April 2015

The aim of this study was to learn how care takes place in the lives of people with ostomy in a municipality in the countryside of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. A qualitative, descriptive study was conducted. Six people with definitive intestinal ostomy, who were registered in the municipality's program, participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were used for gathering data. The obtained data were subjected to a thematic content analysis, from which the following categories emerged: "I am really well treated, everyone helps"; "My life is a little different"; and "It is necessary to go on, stopping is out of question". The study revealed that care is present in the daily lives of people with ostomy; changes in their lives are clear, related to social interactions, to how they take care of themselves and to eating habits. Ostomized patients learned how to live with these changes, aiming to going back to daily activities and getting involved with chores in their routines.
Factors which influence the process of experiencing cardiac revascularization
Authors: Lanzoni Gabriela Marcellino de Melo , Higashi Giovana Dorneles Callegaro , Koerich Cíntia , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini , Baggio Maria Aparecida
Published: April 2015

This study aimed to understand the factors which influence the process of experiencing cardiac revascularization surgery for patients, family members and health professionals, in a hospital which is a center of excellence, located in the South region of Brazil. The methodological framework was Grounded Theory. Data collection was undertaken in October 2010 - May 2012 through semi-structured interviews with 33 participants (patients, family members, doctors, nurses, a physical education trainer and a nursing technician), distributed in four sample groups. The personal and institutional intervenient factors identified were: the wait for the surgery, fear of death, use of drains and the orotracheal tube in the post-operative period, pain management, access to the medication, religiosity, the presence of scars, and support from the family and the health professionals. Knowledge of these factors by nurses can guide and benefit the professionals' clinical practice and the care for the revascularized patient in the pre- and post-operative period.
Tecnologias, aprendizagem da atenção e aprender a estudar
Authors: Ruiz Adriano Rodrigues
Published: April 2015

Este artigo relata uma pesquisa bibliográfica que teve por objetivo desenvolver uma reflexão acerca da formação de estudantes autônomos, em um clima rico de informações e de apelos audiovisuais. Três eixos forneceram norte para as argumentações: a abertura de horizontes e de preocupações com as tecnologias de informação e comunicação, tomando por cerne da questão a horizontalidade da comunicação e a possibilidade de coletivos inteligentes; a ressignificação do aprender a estudar, como adequada via de emancipação cognitiva; a centralidade da aprendizagem da atenção, partindo da premissa de que a atenção não se restringe à "condição para a aprendizagem", podendo ser compreendida como "efeito" de uma aprendizagem. Os eixos percorridos têm como ponto de convergência o autoconhecimento.
A EaD no Brasil: sobre (des)caminhos em sua instauração
Authors: Alonso Katia Morosov
Published: April 2015

O maior acesso ao ensino superior no Brasil foi alvo de expressivas políticas públicas; a educação a distância também é incluída neste contexto. No ano de 2005, foi publicado um decreto que regulamentava a oferta desta modalidade de ensino, prevendo as formas pelas quais se daria o credenciamento e a autorização de cursos. Desde então se assiste a algumas reformulações do que fora proposto, sem que seja observada uma avaliação mais aprofundada do instaurado até aqui. O presente artigo objetiva explicitar determinadas tendências e delineamentos presentes na oferta da educação a distância que indicam urgência na e para a avaliação desta política pública. Para tanto, analisa documentos emanados do Ministério da Educação, dados de Resumos Técnicos de Censos do Ensino Superior e publicações dedicadas ao tema. Daí torna-se possível evidenciar distorções e problemas no processo de instauração da educação a distância. Foram observados, sobretudo, na concentração de oferta em apenas dois cursos: evasão, idade de ingresso cada vez mais afastada do ingresso que se dá pelo ensino presencial, relações entre diferentes entes federados, financiamento indicativo de um modelo de oferta e a necessidade de profissionalização dos tutores. Diante disso, são levantados pontos a serem retomados/readequados na oferta da modalidade no sentido que, de fato, sejam cumpridos os objetivos propostos para seu desenvolvimento.
Professoras e crianças pequenas no contexto da Educação Infantil pelotense em meados do século XX
Authors: Venzke Lourdes Helena Dummer , Felipe Jane
Published: April 2015

Este artigo aborda uma pesquisa realizada nas primeiras instituições escolares de Pelotas/RS que se dedicaram ao atendimento de crianças pequenas, sem o caráter asilar, em meados do século XX. Tais espaços apresentam as marcas deixadas pelos desafios assumidos em nome da proteção e educação dessas crianças. Essa pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, teve como aporte teórico os estudos de gênero, os estudos culturais e autores/as pós-estruturalistas. Os materiais coletados e os contextos nos quais eles foram produzidos indicaram alguns elementos que compunham o cenário no qual as professoras desenvolveram seu trabalho. Com esta pesquisa tornou-se possível visibilizar como as professoras foram representadas e como o exercício da docência na Educação Infantil estava atrelado à resolução de alguns problemas sociais. Nesse sentido, as exigências atribuídas às docentes incorporam os valores pertinentes a um dado período histórico, com seus diferentes momentos e necessidades apontadas.
O direito humano à aprendizagem e a aprendizagem dos direitos humanos
Authors: McCowan Tristan
Published: April 2015

A educação em direitos humanos está contida em uma variedade de instrumentos de direito internacional, e tem se tornado predominante na educação formal e não formal a nível mundial. No entanto, há uma incerteza considerável - de natureza conceitual e prática - sobre a forma como a educação em direitos humanos relaciona-se com o próprio direito à educação. Este artigo apresenta um argumento para a inseparabilidade dos dois, passando por três fases: primeiro, um esboço dos componentes essenciais do direito à educação; segundo, uma justificação do papel da educação em direitos humanos; e terceiro, uma exploração das interligações. Aprender sobre, para e através dos direitos humanos pode ser visto como parte inerente do direito à educação, concebido de modo amplo, tendo por base as ideias de Freire sobre o caráter político da educação em sua totalidade. Em última análise, a linha entre a prática dos direitos humanos e da aprendizagem dos direitos humanos torna-se tênue, levando a uma expressão integrada e cíclica do desenvolvimento humano.
Escola Itinerante: espaço de disputa e contradição
Authors: Sapelli Marlene Lucia Siebert
Published: April 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a experiência de escola feita pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra - MST, no Paraná, nos acampamentos, a partir de 2003, culminando com a construção da proposta dos Complexos de Estudo, implementada a partir de 2013. O trabalho foi feito por meio de análise de bibliografias e de pesquisa de campo (análise documental, entrevistas, participação em processos de formação continuada). Pudemos perceber a construção de uma proposta contra-hegemônica, produzida num processo de autogestão da classe trabalhadora, sustentando-se em elementos que exigem alterações da forma e do conteúdo da escola, bem como, a ruptura com o modelo oficial do Estado. Também pudemos observar um processo de continuidade e descontinuidade na implementação da proposta. Para discutir e explicitar tais questões, organizamos o texto em duas partes: na primeira contextualizamos a criação das escolas itinerantes do Paraná e, a seguir, caracterizamos a suas propostas, especialmente, a partir da implementação da proposta dos Complexos de Estudo, em 2013.
PROGNOSE EM NÍVEL DE POVOAMENTO DE CLONES DE EUCALIPTO EMPREGANDO REDES NEURAIS ARTIFICIAIS
Authors: Binoti Mayra Luiza Marques da Silva , Leite Helio Garcia , Binoti Daniel Henrique Breda , Gleriani José Marinaldo
Published: April 2015

Objetivou-se, neste estudo, treinar, aplicar e avaliar a eficiência de redes neurais artificiais (RNA) para realizar a prognose da produção de povoamentos equiâneos de clones de eucalipto. Os dados utilizados foram provenientes de povoamentos localizados no sul da Bahia, totalizando cerca de 2.000 hectares de floresta. Foram utilizadas variáveis numéricas, como: idade, área basal, volume e variáveis categóricas, como classe de solo, textura, tipos de espaçamento, relevo, projeto e clone. Os dados foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: treinamento (80%) e generalização (20%). Foram treinadas redes de três tipos: perceptron, perceptron de múltiplas camadas e redes de função de base radial. As RNA que apresentaram os melhores desempenhos no treinamento e generalização foram selecionadas para realizar a prognose com dados, a partir do primeiro inventário florestal. Conclui-se que as RNA apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, comprovando o potencial e aplicabilidade da técnica na solução dos problemas de mensuração e manejo florestal.
EFEITO DA ÁRVORE MARGINAL NOS ESTIMADORES POPULACIONAIS OBTIDOS POR MÉTODOS DE AMOSTRAGEM DE ÁREA VARIÁVEL
Authors: Nascimento Rodrigo Geroni Mendes , Silva Luís César Rodrigues da , Barbeiro Laércio da Silveira Soares , Wojciechowski Julio Cesar , Netto Sylvio Péllico , Machado Sebastião do Amaral
Published: April 2015

Nesta pesquisa, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da árvore marginal nos estimadores populacionais obtidos pelos métodos de amostragem de Bitterlich (1948), Prodan (1968) e Strand (1958). A base de dados foi um censo realizado em fragmento de Floresta Ombrófila Mista Montana situado no Campus III da UFPR, Curitiba - PR. Todas as árvores com DAP ≥ 10 cm foram medidas, identificadas, georreferenciadas, e consideradas como possíveis centros das unidades amostrais dos métodos. De todas as árvores, 185 foram sorteadas, aleatoriamente, como início dos pontos amostrais para a estimativa de N.ha-1, G.ha-1 e V.ha-1 para os três tratamentos distintos: sem a influência da árvore marginal, contagem de meia árvore e contagem da árvore marginal corrigida pelo Fator P de Péllico Netto (1994). Independente do método e do tratamento utilizado ocorreu superestimativa do N.ha-1. Para a estimativa da área basal, bem como do volume por hectare, o método de Bitterlich apresentou os melhores resultados, seguido de Strand e Prodan, respectivamente. A aplicação do fator P nas árvores marginais não melhorou expressivamente os estimadores populacionais a ponto de se diferenciar satisfatoriamente da estimativa gerada com as árvores marginais, contadas como meia árvore ou sem a sua influência.
MICROMORFOMETRIA FOLIAR DE Schinus molle L. (ANARCADIACEAE) EM DIFERENTES ALTURAS NA COPA
Authors: Pires Marinês Ferreira , Pereira Márcio Paulo , Castro Evaristo Mauro de , Barbosa Sandro , Pereira Fabricio José
Published: April 2015

A caracterização foliar em árvores é essencial para a sua identificação e utilização, bem como para se compreender as suas relações com o ambiente. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se o estudo da anatomia dos folíolos e das características biométricas das folhas de S. molle em diferentes alturas na copa, em função das modificações ambientais e fisiológicas promovidas. As folhas foram coletadas em três diferentes alturas na copa: base, meio e alto da copa em uma população cultivada de S. molle. Para as analises anatômicas, as folhas foram fixadas em FAA e armazenadas em etanol sendo, posteriormente, submetidas a secções paradérmicas e transversais. As lâminas foram fotomicrografadas e as imagens analisadas no software UTHSCSA-Imagetool. Para as análises biométricas foram avaliadas a área, comprimento, largura, massa seca foliares, bem como a área foliar específica. Os folíolos possuem epiderme unisseriada, estômatos anomocíticos e ciclocíticos, mesofilo isobilateral e camada subepidérmica em ambas as faces da epiderme. Canais secretores e colênquima foram observados na nervura central e bordo dos folíolos. Ocorreram modificações nas espessuras da cutícula e do mesofilo, no sistema vascular, espessura do floema e na densidade estomática de acordo com a altura em que os folíolos se encontram na copa das árvores. As folhas foram menores e demonstram reduzida área foliar para as partes mais altas da copa. A anatomia foliar de S. molle é diferente de outras espécies do gênero Schinus e demonstra modificações sob as diferentes condições ambientais e fisiológicas promovidas pelas diferentes alturas na copa.
ALTERAÇÕES FISIOLÓGICAS E ATIVIDADE ENZIMÁTICA EM SEMENTES ARMAZENADAS DE Melanoxylon brauna Schott.
Authors: Borges Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e , Flores Andressa Vasconcelos , Ataíde Glauciana da Mata , Matos Antonio Cesar Batista
Published: April 2015

A temperatura e a umidade relativa estabelecem as condições fundamentais na conservação de sementes, quer sejam recalcitrantes, quer sejam ortodoxas. A conservação de sementes de braúna sob umidades relativas de 55, 75 e 93% e temperatura de 20ºC foi realizada com os objetivos de avaliar as respostas da germinação e do vigor, relacionando-as à permeabilidade da membrana, atividade de enzimas, teor e peroxidação de lipídios. A qualidade das sementes decresce com o aumento do teor de água do ambiente, com decréscimo também das atividades das enzimas superóxido dismutase e catalase e aumento da atividade da enzima glicose-6-fosfato desidrogenase. A permeabilidade das membranas é ampliada com o aumento da deterioração das sementes. Não há relação entre as alterações no teor e peroxidação de lipídios e a deterioração das sementes.
Detection of human papillomavirus in dental biofilm and the uterine cervix of a pregnant adolescent
Authors: Cavalcanti Édila Figuerêdo Feitosa , Silva Célia Regina , Ferreira Dennis Carvalho , Ferreira Mariana Vasconcellos Martins , Vanderborght Patrícia Rosa , Torres Maria Cynésia Medeiros Barros , Torres Sandra Regina
Published: April 2015

CONTEXT: Adolescence and pregnancy are considered to be risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The relationship between this infection in the uterine cervix and oral HPV infection is controversial. CASE REPORT: This report describes a case of a pregnant 16-year-old adolescent who presented HPV infection in the uterine cervix and the mouth. Smears were collected from the cervix and the tongue/palate. Dental biofilm samples were also collected. The microarray technique was used to detect HPV. The HPV 56 subtype was observed in the cervical smear and HPV 6 in dental biofilm. CONCLUSION: In this pregnant adolescent, HPV infection was present in both the cervix and the mouth, but the HPV subtypes infecting these two areas were different.
Diazepam or midazolam for orotracheal intubation in the ICU?
Authors: Gehrke Lísia , Oliveira Roselaine P , Becker Maicon , Friedman Gilberto
Published: April 2015

Objective: to compare clinical and cost effectiveness of midazolam and diazepam for urgent intubation. Methods: patients admitted to the Central ICU of the Santa Casa Hospital Complex in Porto Alegre, over the age of 18 years, undergoing urgent intubation during 6 months were eligible. Patients were randomized in a single-blinded manner to either intravenous diazepam or midazolam. Diazepam was given as a 5 mg intravenous bolus followed by aliquots of 5 mg each minute. Midazolam was given as an intravenous bolus of 5 mg with further aliquots of 2.5 mg each minute. Ramsay sedation scale 5-6 was considered adequate sedation. We recorded time and required doses to reach adequate sedation and duration of sedation. Results: thirty four patients were randomized, but one patient in the diazepam group was excluded because data were lost. Both groups were similar in terms of illness severity and demographics. Time for adequate sedation was shorter (132 ± 87 sec vs. 224 ± 117 sec, p = 0.016) but duration of sedation was similar (86 ± 67 min vs. 88 ± 50 min, p = 0.936) for diazepam in comparison to midazolam. Total drug dose to reach adequate sedation after either drugs was similar (10.0 [10.0-12.5] mg vs. 15.0 [10.0-17.5] mg, p = 0.248). Arterial pressure and sedation intensity reduced similarly overtime with both drugs. Cost of sedation was lower for diazepam than for midazolam (1.4[1.4-1.8] vs. 13.9[9.4-16.2] reais, p <0.001). Conclusions: intubation using intravenous diazepam and midazolam is effective and well tolerated. Sedation with diazepam is associated to a quicker sedation time and to lower costs.
Eventos extremos de precipitação no Alto Rio Grande, MG: Análise probabilística
Authors: Junqueira Júnior José A. , Mello Carlos R. de , Alves Geovane J.
Published: April 2015

As distribuições de probabilidades de valores extremos desempenham importante papel na modelagem de eventos extremos. Elas têm sido amplamente aplicadas em estudos hidrológicos a fim de predizer, para um nível de confiança, valores esperados num dado tempo de retorno. Várias distribuições têm sido empregadas com diferentes métodos de ajuste. Objetivou-se neste trabalho verificar a aderência das distribuições GEV e Gumbel aos dados de precipitação diária máxima anual de doze estações pluviométricas no Alto Rio Grande, MG. Foram consideradas três sub-regiões com características fisiográficas peculiares, cada uma com quatro estações pluviométricas em seus domínios, Planalto Campos das Vertentes (PCV), Serra da Mantiqueira (SM) e uma sub-região de Transição (TR) entre as duas. Para a estimação dos parâmetros utilizou-se o método dos momentos, máxima verossimilhança e momentos-L. A aderência dos ajustes foi avaliada pelos testes de Filliben e Qui-quadrado (χ2). A metodologia dos momentos-L mostrou-se como a melhor opção, independente da sub-região sendo que se recomenda, para as sub-regiões SM e TR, a distribuição Gumbel, enquanto para o PCV a melhor opção de ajuste é a GEV.