bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recovering the 8-layer structure of a sunflower leaf with terahertz picosecond pulses. Application to a dehydration model
Authors: Abautret Yannick , Coquillat Dominique , Zerrad Myriam , Bendoula Ryad , Lequime Michel , Héran Daphné , Grèzes-Besset Bruno , Chazallet Frédéric , Amra Claude
Published: September 2022

We apply reverse engineering techniques in the time domain THz regime to recover the multilayer structure of a sunflower leaf. Results are successful and allow to analyze the time sunflower behavior under water stress.
Narrow “camel-shape” filters to compensate FM-to-AM conversion in regenerative amplifier
Authors: Lavastre Eric , Boursier Elodie , Devaine Hadrien , Montant Sébastien , Penninckx Denis , Fortenberry Rance , Scobey Mike , Brown Patrick
Published: September 2022

This work deals with the design and the fabrication of narrow camel-shape filters to compensate FM-to-AM conversion in the regenerative cavity of high power lasers. The feasibility of filters meeting tight specifications has been demonstrated.
Influence of Co-content on optical and structural properties of amorphous (T,Co)Ox thin-film coatings
Authors: Pokora Patrycja , Wojcieszak Damian , Sikora Malwina , Kiełczawa Szymon , Chodasewicz Paweł
Published: September 2022

Non-stoichiometric (Ti,Co)Ox coatings were prepared by gas impulse magnetron sputtering. Impulse ignited Ar:O2 plasma with low oxygen content (6%) resulted in amorphous and semiconducting coatings which transparency dependent from Co-content.
Improving Antireflection by Double-sided Coating on Common Substrates for NIR range
Authors: George Linu , Sumedha  , Vijaya R.
Published: September 2022

Improved antireflection in NIR range is demonstrated using dual-side coatings on substrates with commonly available coating materials, along with triple-layer coating on one side of the substrate and single-layer coating on the other side.
Preparation and characterization of graded-index antireflection coatings with a high laser-induced damage threshold
Authors: Hang Liangyi , Liu Weiguo
Published: September 2022

The graded-index antireflection coatings were designed by using a hybrid graded-index method and were prepared by using Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition techniques, showing good characteristics of transmittance and laser damage resistance.
Characterization of transparent thin films homogeneity with an ellipsometer in reflection for optic and mechanic applications
Authors: Guediche A. , Guillot O. , Lafarie M. , Moiny A. , Piombini H.
Published: September 2022

To characterize the heterogeneity thickness of thin films responsible of modifications of the wave surface, an ellipsometer at 633 nm was developed. These films are designed to improve the lifetime of the Megajoule laser (LMJ).
Mechanical Characterizations of elastic layers made by sol-gel
Authors: Guediche Amira , Piombini Hervé , Boscher Christophe , Perrin Bernard , Belliard Laurent , Smagin Nikolay , Ouaftouh Mohammadi , Duquennoy Marc
Published: September 2022

To characterize the mechanical properties of elastic thin films to improve the lifetime of LMJ components, two experimental setups have been used: the acoustic picosecond techniques and the Surface Acoustic Wave InterDigital Transducers.
Measurement automated setup for spatially resolved spectrometry in the mid-infrared.
Authors: Rastkar Sabereh Taghdisi , Sytchkova Anna
Published: September 2022

We designed a user-friendly automated measurement setup for spatially resolved measurements of transmittance in the mid-infrared. The system is characterized by high speed of the sample mapping, high positioning accuracy and good spectral resolution.
State of the Art of PVD Coating Equipment for Mass Production in Asia
Authors: Fan Bin
Published: September 2022

State of the art of PVD coating equipment for mass production in Asia were described in this paper. Evaporation, ion assisted deposition, ion beam sputtering, magnetron sputtering and atomic layer deposition coating tools were introduced based on different application and market segments.
State of the art manufacturing of decorative thin film color coatings on 3D substrates
Authors: Batzer M. , Aumann T. , Rattunde O.
Published: September 2022

The transfer of color coatings from evaporation to sputter tools can be a challenging task. This contribution discusses why it is still the way to go and presents a possible solution for 3D coatings.
Investigation of Laser Mirrors with High Number of Coordination Layers for Reducing Electric Field Intensity
Authors: Sugiura Muneo , Yoshida Takuro
Published: September 2022

We have investigated optimal high laser damage resistance mirrors with high number of coordination layers for reducing electric field intensity at boundaries taking into consideration the balance between their design performance and productivity.
Broadband net zero GDD dielectric mirror pair
Authors: Pervak V. , Guggenmos A.
Published: September 2022

Here we present a broadband dispersive mirror pair covering spectral bandwidths from 600 nm to 1300 nm with a zero net group delay dispersion that is intended for efficient transport of intense ultrafast light pulses.
Photo-induced temperature in optical thin films
Authors: Rouquette P. , Amra C. , Zerrad M. , Grèzes-Besset C. , Krol H.
Published: September 2022

Photo-induced temperature in multilayer optics is analytically modelized to investigate the impact of source parameters on the temperature elevation. Repetition rate and thermal fringes are discussed, together with temporal and 3D spatial resolution.
Optical characterization of the impact of 100 keV protons on the optical properties of ZrO2 films prepared by ALD on fused silica substrates
Authors: Sytchkova A. , Protopapa M.L. , Olivero P. , Burresi E. , Tapfer L. , Palmisano M. , Pesce E. , Dunatov T. , Wang Y. , He H.
Published: September 2022

ALD-grown ZrO2 films underwent irradiation by 100keV protons at various fluences. The induced structural damage modeled by SRIM was compared with the optical properties change characterized by ellipsometry, spectrophotometry and X-ray reflectivity.
Coatings for Gravitational Wave Detectors
Authors: Steinlechner Jessica , Murray Peter G. , Granata Massimo , Bassiri Riccardo
Published: September 2022

This article gives an overview of optical coatings for gravitational-wave detectors, presenting considerations about candidate coating materials to further improve the sensitivity of the Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors and of detector generations beyond.
Effects of Annealing on Residual Stress in Titania Germania Mixtures Deposited by Ion Beam Sputtering
Authors: Randel Emmett , Davenport Aaron , Osovsky Ruth , Lalande Emile ´ , Chicoine Martin , Schiettekatte François , Markosyan Ashot , Bassiri Riccardo , Fejer Martin M. , Menoni Carmen S.
Published: September 2022

We report on the effects of annealing on the residual film stress in titania germania mixtures grown by ion beam sputter deposition. Understanding stress during processing is critical in designing robust multilayer coatings.
Effects of Mixing and Annealing on the Optical Properties of TiO2:Ta2O5 Amorphous Oxide Coatings
Authors: Magnozzi Michele , Amato Alex , Shcheblanov Nikita , Lemaître Anaël , Cagnoli Gianpietro , Granata Massimo , Michel Christophe , Gemme Gianluca , Pinard Laurent , Canepa Maurizio
Published: September 2022

We determine the optical properties of amorphous, mixed titania-tantala coatings as a function of the mixing ratio and thermal annealing. The Urbach energy is proposed as a good estimator of the quality of the coatings.
OIC 2022 Manufacturing Problem Contest
Authors: Poitras Daniel , Ma Penghui , Jacobson Michael , Cooksey Catherine , Sandilands Luke , Lee Stacey
Published: September 2022

A filter with a specified stepped transmittance spectrum spanning three orders of magnitude from 400 nm to 1100 nm is selected for the OIC 2022 Manufacturing Problem. The results of the contest, as evaluated on submitted samples from participants, will be presented at the OIC conference in Whistler BC in June 2022 and a winner will be declared.
Process Refinements in Optical Coatings for UV Applications Using Ion Beam Sputtering
Authors: Howe David , Falmbigl Matthias , George Jason , Godin Kyle , Rubin Binyamin
Published: September 2022

We investigate how target selection, ion beam parameters, and post-deposition annealing can affect UV performance of ion beam sputtered optical coatings. We combine these considerations to produce high performance HR mirrors at 355 nm.
Advances in direct optical monitoring using a wideband spectrometer and a new thin film optical monitoring software
Authors: Arhilger D. , Hagedorn H. , Jäger M. , Zöller A.
Published: September 2022

A new thin film optical monitoring software (TOMS) has been developed, supporting the in-situ direct optical monitoring and process simulation with various thickness control strategies. We discuss the functionalities and present various coating results.
Health-related quality of life and associated factors among adult podoconiosis patients in Debre Elias district Northwest, Ethiopia
Authors: Abebaw Abraham , Atnafu Asmamaw , Worku Nigusu , Hagos Asebe
Published: September 2022

Background

Podoconiosis is endemic non-filarial elephantiasis and non-infective neglected tropical disease. It has a wide impact on the physical, social and psychological aspects of the well-being of a person. However, limited information is available about the disease burden on health-related quality of life and associated factors in Ethiopia.

Objective

This study aimed is to determine health-related quality of life and associated factors among adult podoconiosis patients in Debre Elias district, Northwest, Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2020 in the Debre Elias district. A multi-stage stratified; systematic random sampling technique was employed to select 403 podoconiosis patients. The data were collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.6 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. After the assumption check for the linear regression model, simple and multiple regression was done to see the association between the predictor and outcome variables. Predictor variables that had p-value <0.2 at simple linear regression were taken into multiple linear regression. β coefficient with 95% CI and p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant variables in multiple linear regression analysis.

Result

The overall mean quality of life score among podoconiosis patients was 61.93±17.14. The mean quality of life score for the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains were 75.57±21.86, 60.43±18.58, 30.34±10.46, and 81.38±22.77 respectively. Foot care had a statically significant association with all domains. Higher quality of life podoconiosis patients was associated with foot care. Lower quality of life was associated with the presence of anxiety, advanced stage of the disease, and frequent adenolymphangitis attack.

Conclusion

Social and psychological domains of quality of life were lowest as compared to physical and environmental domains of quality of life. Early medical treatment, psychosocial support, and home-based foot care should be encouraged to improve the quality of life in podoconiosis patients.
The role of personality beliefs and “small talk” in strategic behaviour
Authors: Bose Neha , Sgroi Daniel
Published: September 2022

Humans are predisposed to forming “first impressions” about the people we encounter including impressions about their personality traits. While the relationship between personality and strategic decision-making has been widely explored, we examine the role ofpersonality impressionsin predicting strategic behaviour and devising behavioural responses. In a laboratory setting, after only 4-minutes of “small talk”, subjects developed a sense of the personality of their partners, particularly extraversion, which consequently changed their behaviour in future interactions. Subjects cooperated more in public goods games when they believed their partner to be extraverted and found it more difficult to out-guess opponents they perceived as similar to themselves in a level-k reasoning task, having engaged in conversation with them. We trace how language can generate these effects using text analysis, showing that talking more makes individuals appear extraverted and pro-social which in turn engenders pro-social behaviour in others.
Effect of button layout on the exploration and learning of robot operation using an unfamiliar controller
Authors: Watanabe Tetsuyou
Published: September 2022

Robots are becoming increasingly accessible to both experts and non-experts. Therefore, establishing a method for learning robot operations that can be easily mastered by non-experts is important. With this in mind, we aimed to develop a method that facilitates skill acquisition for non-experts that operate robots. As a first step, this study examined the effects of button layout on the exploration and learning of robot operations. A humanoid robot was operated using an unfamiliar tablet-based user interface to achieve the task of shifting the robot’s posture to the desired posture: single-foot-standing. The process in which participants found and repeated sequences of commands to achieve the shift task was observed. Four types of button layouts were prepared: normal, random, name appears after the first success (NAFS), and change to normal controller after the first success (CNFS). The normal layout roughly matched the position of the robot’s joints, whereas the random layout was randomly assigned, and no information was displayed on each button. Before completing the shift task, a random layout was provided in the NAFS and CNFS layouts. After the first success, the corresponding joint information was displayed in the NAFS layout, whereas the layout was changed to a normal one in the CNFS layout. In total, 51 participants used the normal layout, 7 participants used the random layout, 25 participants used the NAFS layout, and 24 participants used the CNFS layout. The results indicate that providing a random layout during the exploration process (before the first success) is preferable for effective exploration and learning. However, during the learning process (after the first success), providing the relationship between joint movements and buttons in a visual manner is better without changing the button layout from that used in the exploration process.
Perceived health literacy and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among Chinese college students: A mediation analysis
Authors: Jiang Fangfang , Zhao Yang , Bai Jianling , Yang Xueying , Zhang Jiajia , Lin Danhua , Li Xiaoming
Published: September 2022

Background

Although COVID-19 vaccines hold the potential to dramatically alter the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine hesitancy remains a serious threat to the management and control of COVID-19 infections. Vaccination of young adults plays a crucial role in achieving herd immunity. However, the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among the youth in China have not been fully explored. Our study aims to investigate the direct and indirect effects of perceived health literacy on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.

Methods

This survey was conducted among Chinese college students during September and October, 2020. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was defined as the likelihood that participants would get a COVID-19 vaccine. A mediation analysis was employed to explore the direct and indirect effects of perceived health literacy on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.

Results

A total of 2,587 college students were included in our study. The results of the survey revealed that the majority (80.40%) of the participants expressed high COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. After controlling for demographic characteristics, the relationship between perceived health literacy and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was mediated by positive attitudes toward general vaccination (std.β = 0.004, p = 0.037) and self-efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine (std.β = 0.053, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The findings suggest that interventions targeting health literacy to promote COVID-19 vaccination coverage might consider placing greater emphasis on enhancing the positive attitude towards and self-efficacy of vaccines among youth.
Prevalence and factors associated with anaemia in children aged 6–24 months living a high malaria transmission setting in Burundi
Authors: Nkurunziza Jean Claude , Nabukeera-Barungi Nicolette , Kalyango Joan Nakayaga , Niyongabo Aloys , Mwanja Mercy Muwema , Mupere Ezekiel , Nankabirwa Joaniter I.
Published: September 2022

Background

In very young children, anaemia has been linked to increased morbidity, mortality and poor cognitive development. Although Burundi has a high burden of anaemia, which may be worsened by the high burden of malaria, little is known about the extent of the problem in very young children who are most at risk of severe disease. We estimated the prevalence, and assessed the factors associated with anaemia in children aged 6–24 months using baseline data collected as part of an on-going study evaluating the effect of Micronutrient supplementation on anaemia and cognition among children in high malaria transmission settings in Burundi.

Methods

Between February and March 2020, surveys were conducted in 498 households within the catchment area of Mukenke Health Center. One child aged 6–24 months was selected per household to participate in the survey. Following written informed consent, we administered a questionnaire to the child’s primary caregiver to capture information on child’s demographics, nutritional status, food intake, health (status, and morbidity and treatment-seeking practices), as well as the household markers of wealth. A physical exam was conducted, and a blood sample was collected to: 1) assess for presence of plasmodium infection using a rapid diagnosis test; 2) estimate the haemoglobin levels using a portable haemocue machine. A stool sample was also collected to examine for the presence of helminth infections.

Results

The prevalence of anaemia was 74.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 61.5%-84.0%), with most of the anaemic study participants classified as having moderate anaemia (59.2%). A total of 62 (12.5%) participants had positive malaria rapid diagnosis tests. Factors significantly associated with higher odds of developing anaemia included not receiving deworming medication (adjusted Odd ratio [aOR] = 3.54, 95% CI 1.79–6.99, p<0.001), the child’s home location (Mukenke II: aOR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.89–2.62, p<0.001; Mukenke: aOR = 2.76, 95% CI 2.46–3.10, p<0.001 and Budahunga: aOR = 3.12, 95% CI 2. 94–3.31, p<0.001) and the child’s age group (Children aged 6–11 months: aOR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.32–3.91, p<0.001). Education level was inversely associated with less odds of anaemia: child’s primary care giver with a secondary (aOR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.47–0.95, p = 0,024) and tertiary education level (aOR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.38–0.61, p<0.001).

Conclusion

Anaemia is highly prevalent among young children in high malaria transmission setting. Anaemia is more prevalent among children who not dewormed and those with malaria. To prevent the long-term adverse outcomes of the anaemia in children, policy makers should focus on improving uptake of the deworming and malaria prevention programs, promote preventive interventions and improve the education of women especially in families with very young children.
Are we leaving someone behind? A critical discourse analysis on the understanding of public participation among people with experiences of participatory research
Authors: Jacques-Aviñó Constanza , Roel Elena , Medina-Perucha Laura , McGhie Jasmine , Pons-Vigués Mariona , Pujol-Ribera Enriqueta , Turiel Irene , Berenguera Anna
Published: September 2022

Participatory research (PR) is on the rise. In Spain, PR is scarce in the field of health, although there is an increasing interest in the matter. A comprehensive understanding of the meanings and practical implications of “public participation” is essential to promote participation in health research. The aim of the study is to explore the discursive positions on PR among individuals with experience in participatory processes in different areas and how this understanding translates into practice. We conducted a critical discourse analysis of 21 individuals with experience in PR and participatory processes (13 women, 8 men), mainly from the field of health and other areas of knowledge. Sixteen were Spanish and the rest were from the United Kingdom (3), United States (1), and Canada (1). Interviews were conducted in person or by telephone. The fieldwork was conducted between March 2019 and November 2019. The dominant discourses on public participation are situated along two axes situated on a continuum: the purpose of public participation and how power should be distributed in public participation processes. The first is instrumental public participation, which sees participatory research as a tool to improve research results and focuses on institutional interests and power-decision making is hold by researchers and institutions. The second, is transformative public participation, with a focus on social change and an equitable sharing of decision-making power between the public and researchers. All discursive positions stated that they do not carry out specific strategies to include the most socially disadvantaged individuals or groups. A shift in the scientific approach about knowledge, along with time and resources, are required to move towards a more balanced power distribution in the processes involving the public.
Dietary fiber intake and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal African American women with obesity
Authors: Lepping Krista , Adams-Campbell Lucile L. , Hicks Jennifer , Mills Mary , Dash Chiranjeev
Published: September 2022

Fiber intake may be associated with lower risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) but data from metabolically unhealthy African American women is sparse. We examined the association of dietary fiber intake and MetS among postmenopausal African American women with obesity. Baseline cross-sectional data from the Focused Intervention on Exercise to Reduce CancEr (FIERCE) trial of 213 women (mean age 58.3 years) were used. Dietary intake was assessed by Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs). Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were performed to estimate associations of MetS with fiber intake and adherence to dietary fiber intake guidelines, respectively. Mean daily fiber intake was (10.33 g/1000kcal) in women with impaired metabolic health. We observed an inverse association of total fiber intake with MetS. One unit increase in energy-adjusted fiber intake was associated with a 0.10 unit decrease in the MetS z-score (p = 0.02). Similar results were obtained for both soluble and insoluble fiber. In multivariate-adjusted analyses, participants not adherent to fiber intake recommendations were more likely to have MetS as compared to those reporting intakes in the recommended range (adjusted odds ratio 4.24, 95% CI: 1.75, 10.30). Of the MetS components, high fasting glucose and high triglycerides were all associated with lower intake of fiber. Study participants who consumed a higher amount of fiber had a better overall metabolic profile and were less likely to have MetS in our cross-sectional analysis of postmenopausal African American women with obesity and unhealthy metabolic profiles.
Role of FruR transcriptional regulator in virulence of Listeria monocytogenes and identification of its regulon
Authors: Abdelhamed Hossam , Ramachandran Reshma , Narayanan Lakshmi , Islam Shamima , Ozan Ozdemir , Freitag Nancy , Lawrence Mark L.
Published: September 2022

Listeria monocytogenesis a ubiquitous opportunistic foodborne pathogen capable of survival in various adverse environmental conditions. Pathogenesis ofL.monocytogenesis tightly controlled by a complex regulatory network of transcriptional regulators that are necessary for survival and adaptations to harsh environmental conditions both inside and outside host cells. Among these regulatory pathways are members of the DeoR-family transcriptional regulators that are known to play a regulatory role in sugar metabolism. In this study, we deciphered the role of FruR, a DeoR family protein, which is a fructose operon transcriptional repressor protein, inL.monocytogenespathogenesis and growth. Following intravenous (IV) inoculation in mice, a mutant strain with deletion offruRexhibited a significant reduction in bacterial burden in liver and spleen tissues compared to the parent strain. Further, the ΔfruRstrain had a defect in cell-to-cell spread in L2 fibroblast monolayers. Constitutive activation of PrfA, a pleiotropic activator ofL.monocytogenesvirulence factors, did not restore virulence to the ΔfruRstrain, suggesting that the attenuation was not a result of impaired PrfA activation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that FruR functions as a positive regulator for genes encoding enzymes involved in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and as a repressor for genes encoding enzymes in the glycolysis pathway. These results suggested that FruR may function to facilitate NADPH regeneration, which is necessary for full protection from oxidative stress. Interestingly, deletion offruRincreased sensitivity ofL.monocytogenesto H2O2, confirming a role for FruR in survival ofL.monocytogenesduring oxidative stress. Using anti-mouse neutrophil/monocyte monoclonal antibody RB6-8C5 (RB6) in anin vivoinfection model, we found that FruR has a specific function in protectingL.monocytogenesfrom neutrophil/monocyte-mediated killing. Overall, this work clarifies the role of FruR in controllingL.monocytogenescarbon flow between glycolysis and PPP for NADPH homeostasis, which provides a new mechanism allowing metabolic adaptation ofL.monocytogenesto oxidative stress.
Let’s make a mess, maybe no one will notice. The impact of bioturbation activity on the urn fill condition
Authors: Hałuszko Agata , Kadej Marcin , Gmyrek Grzegorz , Guziński Maciej
Published: September 2022

The research was carried out at the cremation cemetery of the Lusatian culture in Wtórek, Ostrów Wielkopolski district, Wielkopolska province, Poland. Contrary to the so-far-studied topics related to the CT imaging of burnt bones and their virtual exploration, we concentrated on the analysis of the structures formed by the soil fauna activity in the fills of urns and additional vessels, and reconstruction of the dynamics of the ecosystem variability within the cemetery area based on thereof. We also demonstrated the impact of macrofaunal activity on stratigraphy and bone fragmentation. From the total of 222 excavated burials in 18 urns and one additional vessel, the remains of macrofauna or its bioturbation activity were identified. Out of 19 vessels subjected to CT examinations, traces of macrofaunal activity were demonstrated in 13: in five vessels animal bioturbative activity was not observed and in one, observations was impossible (due to significant metal-related artifacts). In two vessels both macrofaunal remains and traces of activity were identified. Discovered bioturbations were associated with specific species or genera. Nests or their parts of the genus Geotrupes sp. beetles were the most frequently observed traces of macrofaunal activity. Tunnels and aestivation chambers of earthworms and chambers of the genus Harpalus sp. beetles filled with Setaria sp. caryopses were discovered. The chitinous parts of other insects and the humerus bones of the vole of the genus Microtus sp. were also identified. It was shown, especially due to the non-destructive method, that rodents activity had the most destructive effect on the bone stratigraphy as well as on the movement and fragmentation of the burnt bones. The chances of visualizing bioturbations decreased with time since their creation. The process of disappearance of traces of macrofaunal activity concerned both traces of rodent activity and nests set up by Geotrupes sp. and other species.
Breed-specific values for vertebral heart score (VHS), vertebral left atrial size (VLAS), and radiographic left atrial dimension (RLAD) in pugs without cardiac disease, and their relationship to Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS)
Authors: Wiegel Pia Saskia , Mach Rebekka , Nolte Ingo , Freise Fritjof , Levicar Charanthorn , Merhof Kristina , Bach Jan-Peter
Published: September 2022

This prospective study aims to establish reference ranges for vertebral heart score (VHS), vertebral left atrial size (VLAS), and radiographic left atrial dimension (RLAD) in pugs. The impact of clinical severity of Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS), gender, body condition score, and body weight on VHS, VLAS, and RLAD were investigated. Intra- and interobserver correlation was determined. Correlation of radiographic scores to echocardiographic left atrial dimension was inspected. Additionally, for VLAS and RLAD, correlation to VHS was examined. Additionally, an assessment of thoracic and vertebral malformations was performed. Forty-seven privately owned pugs underwent physical examination, echocardiography, and thoracic radiography to determine cardiac health. Thirty-two pugs were eligible for establishing reference ranges for VHS in right lateral radiographs, which was 11.25 ± 0.62 (95% range, 10.1–12.8). Reference ranges for VHS in left lateral, and for VLAS and RLAD in right lateral radiograph were determined in 30 pugs. The VHS in left lateral radiograph was 11.01 ± 0.70 (95% range, 9.4–12.6), VLAS was 1.96 ± 0.38 (95% range, 1.1–2.8), and RLAD was 1.59 ± 0.34 (95% range, 0.7–2.4). Clinical severity of BOAS did not show any impact on radiographic measurements. For VLAS, a significant correlation to VHS was detected by all observers. No other variables had a consistent influence on the radiographic scores given by all observers. Interobserver agreement was almost perfect for VHS (0.89 on right lateral and 0.91 on left lateral image), moderate for VLAS (0.49), and fair for RLAD (0.22). More than one third of the entire study population (18 of 47 pugs) showed at least one thoracic cavity or spine abnormality, often leading to considerable changes in vertebral body shape and size.
Clinical impact of the rapid molecular detection of RSV and influenza A and B viruses in the emergency department
Authors: Yin Nicolas , Van Nuffelen Marc , Bartiaux Magali , Préseau Thierry , Roggen Inge , Delaunoy Sabrina , Mahadeb Bhavna , Dahma Hafid , Busson Laurent , Vandenberg Olivier , Hallin Marie
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Using respiratory virus rapid diagnostic tests in the emergency department could allow better and faster clinical management. Point-of-care PCR instruments now provide results in less than 30 minutes. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the use of a rapid molecular diagnostic test, the cobas® Influenza A/B & RSV Assay, during the clinical management of emergency department patients.

Methods

Patients (adults and children) requiring admission or suffering from an underlying condition at risk of respiratory complications were prospectively recruited in the emergency department of four hospitals in the Brussels region. Physicians’ intentions regarding admission, isolation, antibiotic, and antiviral use were collected before and after performing the rapid molecular test. Additionally, a comparison of the analytical performance of this test against antigen rapid tests and viral culture was performed as well as a time-to-result evaluation.

Results

Among the 293 patients recruited, 90 had a positive PCR, whereas 44 had a positive antigen test. PCR yielded a sensitivity of 100% for all targets. Antigen tests yielded sensitivities ranging from 66.7% for influenza B to 83.3% for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The use of PCR allowed a decrease in the overall need for isolation and treatment by limiting the isolation of negative patients and antibiotic use for positive patients. Meanwhile, antiviral treatments better targeted patients with a positive influenza PCR.

Conclusion

The use of a rapid influenza and RSV molecular test improves the clinical management of patients admitted to the emergency department by providing a fast and reliable result. Their additional cost compared to antigen tests should be balanced with the benefit of their analytical performance, leading to efficient reductions in the need for isolation and antibiotic use.
Los itinerarios de Emilia Pardo Bazán en Por la Europa católica (1902)
Authors: Muñoz Álvarez Manuel Javier
Published: September 2022

Emilia Pardo Bazán es una autora canónica de la literatura española, pero todavía existen áreas de su trayectoria literaria poco estudiadas, como su faceta de viajera. Por la Europa católica (1902), libro de viajes donde recopiló crónicas escritas y publicadas en la prensa contemporánea, es un buen ejemplo. El presente artículo tiene por objeto llenar algunas de las lagunas que presenta el estudio de esta obra apenas atendida por la crítica especializada. Para ello nos centraremos en los siguientes aspectos: la transmisión textual de cada texto, la datación de los itinerarios y la estructura del libro. Un estudio de este tipo permite conocer mejor el proceso creativo de la escritora y aproximarse a uno de los rasgos prototípicos de este subgénero literario: la factualidad.
Regularización extraordinaria de los migrantes durante el Covid-19: América del Sur y Europa del Sur
Authors: Thomázy Gabriella
Published: September 2022

Las regularizaciones extraordinarias de los migrantes aparecen en la agenda de muchos países, no solo en Europa sino también en América del Sur, aunque estos procesos siempre son excepcionales, permiten legalizar en un tiempo corto, un amplio número de migrantes. Durante el Covid-19 las fronteras permanecieron cerradas, así los flujos migratorios se vieron obligados a ingresar por pasos fronterizos no habilitados, lo cual, está causando una crisis humanitaria en varios países. Adicionalmente, las autoridades han tenido que enfrentar el desempleo, la irregularidad (visas vencidas y migrantes indocumentados), y la vacunación de los migrantes. Este estudio tiene como objetivo principal analizar y comparar las regularizaciones extraordinarias de los migrantes en América del Sur, y Europa del Sur. El análisis compara seis países, enfocándose principalmente, en aquellos afectados por la migración venezolana (Chile, Colombia y Perú) en América del Sur, conjuntamente 3 países europeos fueron elegidos (España, Italia y Portugal). Adicionalmente el estudio sugiere cambios importantes, que sumados con las estadísticas disponibles y otros datos permiten analizar las tendencias migratorias y los procesos de regularización de los migrantes durante el Covid-19.
Retos a la seguridad humana en Colombia
Authors: Guevara Parra América Celeste
Published: September 2022

El siglo XXI se ha caracterizado por una multiplicidad de conflictos internos atravesados por un fuerte componente económico que ha hecho de la pobreza la fuente y el catalizador de las amenazas a la seguridad de las comunidades. Este ha sido el caso del conflicto interno colombiano que ha afectado especialmente a la población civil de las zonas rurales periféricas las cuales, además de encarar constantemente a la violencia, deben enfrentarse al hambre, el olvido y la indiferencia del resto de la población, de ahí que sea posible hablar de violencia estructural. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, en este artículo se presenta no solo un contexto caracterizado por una diversidad de actores armados que mantienen una lucha constante con el Estado colombiano y donde el narcotráfico ha sido el principal patrocinador de la guerra, sino también se hace referencia a las secuelas y a los costos que ha dejado la violencia política en el tejido social.  A modo de conclusión se destaca que, en una situación de guerra interna, si bien el fin de las hostilidades es de gran importancia en términos de seguridad, es sólo uno de los elementos necesarios para la protección de la dignidad e integridad de los colombianos, dicha protección debe incluir también las esferas social, cultural, económica y la acción pública.
Analysis of gender wage gap in Lithuania
Authors: Lauzadyte-Tutliene Agne , Mikuciauskaite Paulina
Published: September 2022

This study aims to discern and quantify the personal and labour market characteristics, which are most relevant to the persistence of a gender wage gap in Lithuania. The Oaxaca-Blinder model, employed in this study, revealed the largest explained gender wage gap to be attributable to the characteristics of occupation and industry. These contribute to the gap mainly by the horizontal and vertical segregation effects, as women are more concentrated in typically ‘feminine’ jobs, which pay less. The educational attainment of women is slightly higher than that of men, and this reduces the gender wage gap in the Lithuanian labour market. The analysis also revealed that work in the public sector entails an increase in the gap despite greater wage transparency and a more regulated remuneration mechanism. This is due to the ‘glass ceiling’ effect or the pervasive resistance to the efforts of female workers to reach the top rank positions, which we find to be stronger in the public sector.
The role of work values in the subjective quality-of-life of employees and self-employed adults
Authors: Vörös Zsófia
Published: September 2022

As research has produced conflicting results on the relationship between the employment form and life outcomes, it is important to examine the moderators of this link. In this article, we analyze the data of more than 4,000 working individuals of an international OECD survey and use the person-environment fit theory to test whether intrinsic and extrinsic work values have a differential effect on the subjective and eudaimonic well-being, and job satisfaction of organizational employees and self-employed individuals. We found that employees experience lower job satisfaction and well-being than self-employed adults but work values may narrow the gap.
Do mergers and acquisitions improve bank efficiency? Evidence from North Macedonia
Authors: Fotova Čiković Katerina , Lozić Joško , Guzovski Marina
Published: September 2022

This article focuses on the efficiency of commercial banks in North Macedonia in the period from 2007 to 2020. The main goal is to assess the relative efficiency of the banking sector as a whole, and more importantly, to evaluate and analyse the impact of mergers and acquisition (M&A) transactions on banks’ efficiency. For this reason, the leading nonparametric methodology Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has been employed, i.e., the window DEA model with two input and two output variables on a sample of 13 commercial banks. Based on balanced panel data from the banking sector of North Macedonia, the obtained results show a constant fall of efficiency of the whole banking sector, from 83.33% in 2007 to 70.06% in 2011 and 66.36% in 2020. The results of the M&A transactions case study analysis show that, in general, M&A transactions decrease banks' efficiency, i.e., they do not result in an efficiency increase. The contribution of the study is that it comprises the first study analysing the effects of banks' M&A on bank efficiency in the region of South-Eastern Europe with the application of DEA and thus, it provides valuable information for investors, bank management, M&A analysts, academic members and regulatory bodies.
Prevalence of Malaria cases in Johor: The cleave on the wall
Authors: vallasamy suriya kumareswaran , umairah muhadi siti , murali bala , sathaisivam jeyanthini
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION

Malaysia made public its intention to eradicate malaria, with the staged objective of attaining zero local transmission of the disease in Malaysia. This strategy was to be implemented according to the guidelines outlined in the National Malaria Elimination Plan. Air travel has developed at a rate that has never been seen before, and this trend is expected to continue. The rates of imported cases of malaria, local outbreaks in non-endemic areas, and the global spread of the disease have all increased as a result of its impacts. Recently, Malaysia is facing a re-emergence in the spread of malaria infections.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology of Malaria in Johor this year and to highlight the increase in Malarial cases as a result of imported cases following the reopening of international borders during Malaysia’s transition to Covid-19 endemicity.

METHODOLOGY

Malaria is a notifiable disease in Malaysia. A cross-sectional investigation was carried out using the secondary data gathered from the Vector unit JKN Johor. Data analyses was performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS.

RESULTS

A total of 18 cases of Malaria were notified until May 2022, with 94% male and 6% female. Malaria parasites identified from the cases are Plasmodium Falciparum 17%, Vivax 28% and Knowlesi 55%. In addition, 56% of the cases were indigenous and 44% were imported cases. Bivariate correlation test was conducted to determine 2 continuous variables. The results show a significant relationship between traveller admissions and cases notified in Johor (P value <0.01, correlation coefficient 1.00).

CONCLUSION

Malaria control in Malaysia has reached the eradication stage. Imported Malarial cases, on the other hand, are re-emerging and are becoming a major public health concern. In order to establish a more coordinated effort to restrict imported cases, improved inter-sectoral collaboration is essential. Local political commitment and World Health Organization technical assistance will help to generate focused and coordinated efforts to ensure the success of the National Malaria Elimination Strategic Plan.
PENERAPAN FIKTIF POSITIF TERHADAP PERATURAN HIBAH DAERAH
Authors: Utama Kartika Widya
Published: September 2022

Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan telah memperkenalkan adanya keputusan tata usaha negara yang bersifat fiktif positif sebagai fenomena baru. Permohonan Hibah Daerah dan Bantuan Sosial sebagai salah satu bentuk permohonan administrasi bermuara kepada dikeluarkannya Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara oleh Pejabat / Badan Tata Usaha Negara yang terkait. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji akibat ketentuan hukum Keputusan Tata Usaha Negara yang bersifat Fiktif Positif terhadap permohonan Hibah Daerah di lingkungan Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu dengan mengkaji dampak aturan-aturan yang terkait terhadap pelaksanaan prosedur administrasi Hibah Daerah. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan saran perlunya peningkatan standar pelayanan dari Pejabat / Badan Tata Usaha Negara terkait dalam menyikapi ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang Administrasi Tersebut.
THE LEGAL PROTECTION OF LENDERS IN PEER TO PEER LENDING SYSTEM
Authors: Budiharto Budiharto , Lestari Sartika Nanda , Hartanto Gusto
Published: September 2022

Financial technology based on Peer to Peer Lending is one of the new breakthroughs in financial services institutions in Indonesia. The peer to peer lending platforms are essentially online markets that match the supply and demand of funds as one of the alternative financing mechanisms for individual or business. But there is still few of regulation regarding peer to peer lending. We address two questions by theoretical legal research by examining secondary data through literature studies. First, the mechanism of credit agreements with a peer to peer lending; second, analyze lender’s legal protection in credit agreements in peer to peer lending. Based on the the research, we found that the mechanism of lending through a peer to peer lending credit agreement is in line with Financial Services Authority (Otoritas Jasa Keuangan - OJK) Regulation No. 77/POJK.01/2016 concerning Information Technology-Based Lending and Borrowing Services. Futhermore, the protection of legal lenders peer to peer lending from the aspect of law public has been sufficient but in private law, OJK has not been able to provide maximum protection.
PENERAPAN TRADEMARK DILUTION PADA PENEGAKAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM HAK MEREK TERKENAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Roisah Kholis , Setiyono Joko
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa peraturan perlindungan merek terkenal dikaitkan dengan doktrin trademark dilution dan membahas peluang penerapan doktrin trademark dilution dalam penegakan perlindungan hak merek di Indonesia. Metode peneltian yang digunakan yuridis normati dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder  serta metode analisa digunakan menggunakan analisa kualitatif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peluang menerapkan doktrin dilusi yaitu pada proses pendaftaran merek dan pada perkara sengketa gugatan pembatalan hak merek. Pemeriksa merek menerapkan doktrin trademark dilution pada waktu melakukan penolakan secara ex-officio ataupun atas permintaan keberataan pemilik merek terkenal terhadap setiap permohonan merek yang mempunyai persamaan dengan merek terkenal untuk pemakaian produk tidak sejenis dengan mempertimbangkan reputasi merek terkenal.  Belum ada keputusan hakim Indonesia yang berani menerapkan doktrin trademark dilution dengan alasan penerapan doktrin itikat tidak baik sudah cukup memadai dalam memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap hak merek terkenal. Ketiadakan aturan tentang trademark dilution yang secara jelas tersurat di dalam Undang Undang Merek menjadi alasan para hakim alasan utama belum bisa menerapkan doktrin trademark dilution. Tanpa adanya alasan bluring ataupun tarnisment  tujuan untuk menghapuskan tanda merek yang sama ataupun menyerupai oleh pihak lain yang non competitor sudah tercapai.
Supervisory Role of The Financial Services Authority in Utilizing Equity Crowdfunding in Indonesia
Authors: Irawati Irawati
Published: September 2022

In order to provide legal certainty and protection for those involved in investment in Indonesia, the Financial Services Authority has officially issued regulations relating to the collection of funds through information technology-based stock offers or equity crowdfunding. This article aims to review the role of supervision by the Financial Services Authority and the form of mitigation risks to obstacles and problems in utilizing Equity Crowdfunding in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical with, using secondary data which is then analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the Financial Services Authority in conducting supervision of the use of Equity Crowdfunding can be done off site, or On Site. Risk mitigation must be carried out by the Financial Services Authority both through regulations and concrete steps. In the implementation of risk mitigation, the Financial Services Authority can also involve the Indonesian Fintech Association to address risks in order to provide a sense of security for investors and publishers in the use of the Equity Crowdfunding platform in Indonesia.
Position of Supervisory Board Organ and Its Implications for the Institutional Corruption Eradication Commission
Authors: Bima Muh Rinaldy , Ramadani Rizki
Published: September 2022

The negative view that the People's Representative Council of Indonesia (DPR) has long been in a constant effort to weaken the Corruption Eradication Comission (KPK), making the revision process of the KPK law until after it is legalized, receives pro and contra. A number of provisions in the new Law of KPK are considered to potentially weaken the independence of the institution, especially concerning the establishment of the so called Supervisory Council. The purpose of this research was to analyze an the position of the Supervisory Council and to explain its implications on the institutional aspects of the KPK.This normative legal research was conducted through a literature study using conceptual and statue approaches, which then analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the new Law of KPK makes the Supervisory Council as an internal supervision organ, but its position had not well formulated yet in the institutional structure. The existence of the Supervisory Council also have some impacts on the institutional aspects of KPK in terms of Institutional and functional independences.