bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la red de comunicación del sur de la ciudad de Murcia mediante SIG: la integración de la alta velocidad ferroviaria y su influencia
Authors: Gil Alonso Iván
Published: May 2021

En este artículo se evalúa la vulnerabilidad de la red de carreteras del sur del municipio de Murcia ante la inserción del trazado ferroviario de la línea de Alta Velocidad, determinando las variaciones de tiempo en los desplazamientos con origen en los barrios y pedanías situados al sur de la vía ferroviaria hacia los lugares de mayor interés de la ciudad de Murcia. En la metodología se emplean Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) para generar modelos de la red de transporte del municipio de Murcia referidos al escenario previo a la integración de la alta velocidad, escenario de inserción en superficie y escenario de inserción soterrada, para dos tipos de movilidad: a pie y mediante vehículo motorizado. Los costes de tiempo de desplazamiento obtenidos de cada modelo se analizan y comparan estadísticamente obteniendo las variaciones. Los resultados revelan que la inserción en superficie implicaría un incremento de coste en los desplazamientos, mientras que la inserción soterrada reduciría los tiempos de desplazamiento y mejoraría la accesibilidad.

This article assesses the vulnerability of the road network in the south of the municipality of Murcia to the insertion of the railway line of the High-Speed line, determining the time variations in movements originating in the neighborhoods and districts located south of the railway to the places of greatest interest in the city of Murcia. In the methodology, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used to generate models of the transport network of the municipality of Murcia referring to the scenario prior to the integration of high speed, scenario of surface insertion and scenario of underground insertion, for two types mobility: on foot and by motorized vehicle. The travel time costs obtained from each model are statistically analyzed and compared obtaining the variations. The results reveal that surface insertion would imply an increase in travel costs, while underground insertion would reduce travel times and improve accessibility.
IDS PROTOTYPE FOR INTRUSION DETECTION WITH MACHINE LEARNING MODELS IN IOT SYSTEMS OF THE INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: AVELEIRA MATA JOSE , MUÑOZ CASTAÑEDA ANGEL LUIS , GARCÍA ORDÁS MARÍA TERESA , BENAVIDES CUELLAR CARMEN , Benítez Andrades José Alberto , ALAIZ MORETON HECTOR
Published: May 2021

Industry 4.0 significantly improves productivity by collecting and analyzing data in real time. This, combined with remote access functions, and cloud processing that allows Internet of Things IoT, provides information that optimizes processes and decision support. Also involves a great growth of new networks and systems with special features, which mean that they are vulnerable to different attacks. So new security requirements are emerging in the IoT network. To improve the security of an IoT system for a transparent way, it is proposed the development of a prototype intrusion detection system IDS, which detects anomalies in IoT environments using the MQTT protocol (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport), widely used in IoT systems. For this purpose, it is generated a dataset of an IoT system in which perform different attacks on the MQTT protocol. This dataset is used to train a machine learning model, which is implemented in the IDS that captures the network frames in real time from the system to classify and detect the different attacks.

Keywords: IoT, industry 4.0, cybersecurity, IDS, MQTT protocol, Machine Learning.
THREE-LEVEL METHODOLOGY FOR SECURE AND EFFICIENT GRID INTEGRATION OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE
Authors: CALATAYUD  MARTÍ PILAR , ROMERO CHAVARRO JULIAN , MONTAGUD  AGUAR MARIO , ARCOS USERO LUCIA , GARCÍA PELLICER MARTA , QUIJANO LÓPEZ ALFREDO
Published: May 2021

The secure integration of electric vehicle (EV) plays a key role in the energy transition through a resilient and decarbonised economy. However, a massive EV penetration means a rise in electricity demand with negative consequences to the distribution systems (voltage drops, branches congestion, etc) if the charging infrastructure is not cybersecure and does not perform smart charging mechanisms. Furthermore, these new infrastructures and their operating procedures provide new chances to cyberattacks to be performed, aimed at either exploiting those grid vulnerabilities or acquiring some user’s private information.
Therefore, to ease the secure integration of EV charging infrastructures in the future network, this paper presents a three-level actuation methodology for charging infrastructures, which includes active management of EV supply equipment (EVSE) to allow dynamic control of charges, installation of ancillary protection systems, planning of EVSE’s location within the distribution system and cybersecure management of the whole infrastructure. The presented methodology is based on a thorough analysis of the possible cyberattacks that may occur during the transactions of the charging process, as well as tests carried out on a real pilot, which demonstrate the possible impacts that an uncontrolled charging of the EV can have on the distribution network, thus identifying the vulnerabilities of the distribution network.

Keywords: Smart Grid, electrification, electric vehicle, charging station, Charge point operator, cybersecurity, smart charging.
BLOCKCHAIN AND THE DECENTRALISATION OF THE CYBERSECURITY INDUSTRY
Authors: LAGE SERRANO OSCAR , SAIZ SANTOS MARIA
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to analyse the potential impact that blockchain technology will have on the cybersecurity industry. We will look at different applications of blockchain technology in the field of cybersecurity, as well as a new trend of decentralisation of cybersecurity services. Blockchain is precisely a cybersecurity architecture that enables the decentralisation of processes and business models, which could have a direct consequence on cybersecurity services, as well as on the industry itself. Cybersecurity companies will have to adapt to a new ecosystem in which the blockchain technology will enable crowdsourcing of cybersecurity services.

Keywords: Blockchain, Cybersecurity, Disruptive Technology, Technology Innovation, Technology Strategy
Ethnopoetics and Narrative Analysis
Authors: Atkinson Paul , Carver Natasha
Published: May 2021

We acknowledge and concur with Catherine Kohler Riessman’s insistence on the necessity of sustained and formal analysis of narratives. We thus distance ourselves from qualitative researchers who aim to celebrate personal narratives rather than undertaking that analytic work. In doing so, we also draw on the work of Dell Hymes, whose approach to ethnopoetics informs our own. The discussion is developed and illustrated with materials from Natasha Carver’s research with informants of Somali heritage that display the relevance of ethnopoetic transcription and analysis.
A Chronicle of Mentoring Narrative Scholarship
Authors: Andrews Molly
Published: May 2021

There are many aspects of Catherine Kohler Riessman’s narrative scholarship which have established her international reputation in the field. This contribution pays tribute to the role she has played as a mentor, both through her written work and in her practice. Mentoring, which is time-consuming and painstaking work, is a critical but widely unacknowledged aspect of scholarship, which is often portrayed as an individual endeavor, the accomplishment of the name or names which appear on the publications. The article argues that all scholars are part of a larger cycle, situated mid-stream, between those who have come before and those who will follow. There are many questions surrounding the meaning of mentorship: who should do it and who receive it; if and how it should be institutionalized, calibrated, and recognized; and more. Taking Riessman’s example as its focus, the article critically examines the importance of mentoring and its role in forming, sustaining, and nourishing community.
Semi-supervised oblique predictive clustering trees
Authors: Stepišnik Tomaž , Kocev Dragi
Published: May 2021

Semi-supervised learning combines supervised and unsupervised learning approaches to learn predictive models from both labeled and unlabeled data. It is most appropriate for problems where labeled examples are difficult to obtain but unlabeled examples are readily available (e.g., drug repurposing). Semi-supervised predictive clustering trees (SSL-PCTs) are a prominent method for semi-supervised learning that achieves good performance on various predictive modeling tasks, including structured output prediction tasks. The main issue, however, is that the learning time scales quadratically with the number of features. In contrast to axis-parallel trees, which only use individual features to split the data, oblique predictive clustering trees (SPYCTs) use linear combinations of features. This makes the splits more flexible and expressive and often leads to better predictive performance. With a carefully designed criterion function, we can use efficient optimization techniques to learn oblique splits. In this paper, we propose semi-supervised oblique predictive clustering trees (SSL-SPYCTs). We adjust the split learning to take unlabeled examples into account while remaining efficient. The main advantage over SSL-PCTs is that the proposed method scales linearly with the number of features. The experimental evaluation confirms the theoretical computational advantage and shows that SSL-SPYCTs often outperform SSL-PCTs and supervised PCTs both in single-tree setting and ensemble settings. We also show that SSL-SPYCTs are better at producing meaningful feature importance scores than supervised SPYCTs when the amount of labeled data is limited.
The autistic-like behaviors development during weaning and sexual maturation in VPA-induced autistic-like rats is accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis
Authors: Kong Qingmin , Tian Peijun , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Wang Gang , Chen Wei
Published: May 2021

Researches on gut microbiota in autism have mostly focused on children, but the dynamic changes of gut microbiota from weaning to adulthood were still not clear because of the difficulty of diagnosing autism. In this study, autistic-like rats indued by valproate (VPA) were tracked from weaning (end of breastfeeding; four weeks old) to sexual maturation (food; eight weeks old). Autistic-like rats were found to show obvious developmental disorders. During weaning, autistic-like rats only exhibited obvious repetitive stereotyped behaviors, but the autistic-like behaviors were fully apparent upon sexual maturation. Significant differences were observed between the gut microbiota of autistic-like and healthy rats across both age groups. The correlation analysis results revealed that the correlation between behaviors and some microbiota, especially Helicobacter, did not vary with age or diet. The total amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) decreased, butyric acid metabolism decreased, and propionic acid metabolism increased in the feces of autistic-like rats. The correlation between autistic-like behaviors and the butyric acid and propionic acid levels did not vary with diet or age. Inositol phosphate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis were significantly associated with autistic-like behaviors. Our results showed that although the microbiota and SCFAs related to autism were affected by age and diet, some remained consistent irrespective of age and diet, and they could be considered two of the factors related to autistic-like behaviors development.
Lactobacillus reuteri TSR332 and Lactobacillus fermentum TSF331 stabilize serum uric acid levels and prevent hyperuricemia in rats
Authors: Kuo Yi-Wei , Hsieh Shih-Hung , Chen Jui-Fen , Liu Cheng-Ruei , Chen Ching-Wei , Huang Yu-Fen , Ho Hsieh-Hsun
Published: May 2021

Background

Uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine metabolism in the liver and is excreted by the kidneys. When purine metabolism is impaired, the serum UA level will be elevated (hyperuricemia) and eventually lead to gout. During evolution, humans and some primates have lost the gene encoding uricase, which is vital in UA metabolism. With the advances of human society, the prevalence of hyperuricemia has dramatically increased because of the refined food culture. Hyperuricemia can be controlled by drugs, such as allopurinol and probenecid. However, these drugs have no preventive effect and are associated with unpleasant side effects. An increasing number of probiotic strains, which are able to regulate host metabolism and prevent chronic diseases without harmful side effects, have been characterized. The identification of probiotic strains, which are able to exert beneficial effects on UA metabolism, will provide an alternative healthcare strategy for patients with hyperuricemia, especially for those who are allergic to anti-hyperuricemia drugs.

Methods

To elicit hyperuricemia, rats in the symptom control group (HP) were injected with potassium oxonate and fed a high-purine diet. Rats in the probiotic groups received the high-purine diet, oxonate injection, and supplements of probiotic strains TSR332, TSF331, or La322. Rats in the blank control group (C) received a standard diet (AIN-93G) and oxonate injection.

Results

Purine-utilizing strains of probiotics were screened using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) in vitro, and the lowering effect on serum UA levels was analyzed in hyperuricemia rats in vivo. We found that Lactobacillus reuteri strain TSR332 and Lactobacillus fermentum strain TSF331 displayed significantly strong assimilation of inosine (90%; p = 0.00003 and 59%; p = 0.00545, respectively) and guanosine (78%; p = 0.00012 and 51%; p = 0.00062, respectively) within 30 min in vitro. Further animal studies revealed that serum UA levels were significantly reduced by 60% (p = 0.00169) and 30% (p = 0.00912), respectively, in hyperuricemic rats treated with TSR332 and TSF331 for 8 days. Remarkably, TSR332 ameliorated the occurrence of hyperuricemia, and no evident side effects were observed. Overall, our study indicates that TSR332 and TSF331 are potential functional probiotic strains for controlling the development of hyperuricemia.
Ecosystem services show variable responses to future climate conditions in the Colombian páramos
Authors: Diazgranados Mauricio , Tovar Carolina , Etherington Thomas R. , Rodríguez-Zorro Paula A. , Castellanos-Castro Carolina , Galvis Rueda Manuel , Flantua Suzette G.A.
Published: May 2021

Background

The páramos, the high-elevation ecosystems of the northern Andes, are well-known for their high species richness and provide a variety of ecosystem services to local subsistence-based communities and regional urbanizations. Climate change is expected to negatively affect the provision of these services, but the level of this impact is still unclear. Here we assess future climate change impact on the ecosystem services provided by the critically important páramos of the department of Boyacá in Colombia, of which over 25% of its territory is páramo.

Methods

We first performed an extensive literature review to identify useful species of Boyacá, and selected 103 key plant species that, based on their uses, support the provision of ecosystem services in the páramos. We collated occurrence information for each key species and using a Mahalanobis distance approach we applied climate niche modelling for current and future conditions.

Results

We show an overall tendency of reduction in area for all ecosystem services under future climate conditions (mostly a loss of 10% but reaching up to a loss of 40%), but we observe also increases, and responses differ in intensity loss. Services such as Food for animals, Material and Medicinal, show a high range of changes that includes both positive and negative outcomes, while for Food for humans the responses are mostly substantially negative. Responses are less extreme than those projected for individual species but are often complex because a given ecosystem service is provided by several species. As the level of functional or ecological redundancy between species is not yet known, there is an urgency to expand our knowledge on páramos ecosystem services for more species. Our results are crucial for decision-makers, social and conservation organizations to support sustainable strategies to monitor and mitigate the potential consequences of climate change for human livelihoods in mountainous settings.
Design and Optimise a GARField MRI Resonator
Authors: Muhammad A. , Oladipupo M. D. , Suleiman I. K. , Jane O. L.
Published: May 2021

The design of a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) sensor coil for a GARField NMR system was examined. The target design has a diameter about  mm and length  mm tuned to frequency of  MHz at 50 Ω total impedance. Nine different sets of coils were built with different numbers of turns (3, 5, and 7) and different thickness of wire to vary the wire resistance. The report was to examine based on the design parameters the best resonant circuit for a GARField MRI system. The acquired tuning characteristics from these resonant circuits were interpreted using MATLAB scripts and Excel spreadsheet to compare each coil with already existing theory of resonators. This was achieved by matching each resonant circuit using a match and tuning capacitor to the required frequency (22-23.4 MHz) and to 50 Ω total impedance at resonance. It was found that there is no easy method to estimate the inductance of the coil of wire. The result for the experimental inductance was found to be 0.5 µF and resistance of 0.4 Ω for a medium coil of wire with 5 numbers of turns, diameter of 0.45 and length of 0.7 mm. The initial attempt to fit the experimental data to that of the theory failed due to the absence of stray capacitance in the theory. However, when stray capacitor with value ranging between  pF was incorporated in parallel with the tank circuit, it was found that both the experiment and theory fit as expected.

Three coils were tested in the NMR laboratory using a GARField spectrometer to examine the best coil that will be suitable for NMR experiment. Coils were compared on the basis of signal to noise ratio (SNR) and P90 pulse length. It was found that medium coil of wire with 3 number of turns has the biggest SNR of 177 which is good for NMR procedures. On the other hand, coil with 5 numbers of turns has the shortest P90 pulse length of 2.0 µs which is good for spatial resolution. At all rate, this research have shown how theories are verified through experiment.
Value Chain Analysis of Brinjal in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh
Authors: Rayhan Shah Johir , Islam Md. Jahurul , Kazal Mohammad Mizanul Haque , Kamruzzaman M.
Published: May 2021

This study examined the value chain and marketing margin of brinjal in Bandarban, Khagrachari and Chittagong of Bangladesh. It looks at profitability, value addition at different levels and marketing efficiency for the various market. The simple random sampling technique was followed for collecting primary data from the vegetable growers in the study area. In this study, total 60 growers and 50 market intermediaries were selected. A primary survey was carried out in January to June 2016. The benefit-Cost Ratio was used for estimating profitability. Marketing cost and margin were used for calculating the value addition in every stage of the supply chain. For assessing marketing efficiency, price spread, producers share, and Acharya’s methods were employed. The result revealed that brinjal cultivation was profitable since the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) of brinjal cultivation was 1.59. The highest net marketing margin for brinjal was found in chain II. The most efficient marketing chain was found in chain III, which is Farmer → Retailer → Consumer (Local) in the study area. It appears that, based on the findings of the study, there is considerable scope exists for developing the value chain through keeping the marketing efficiency at the chain III level.
Predictors of Severe Perineal Tear during Delivery in Yenagoa, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Howells Ikobho Ebenezer , Abasi Isaac Joel
Published: May 2021

Background:Perineal tear is a very common complication of vaginal delivery, and it is often mild. However, when severe, it could result in torrential life threatening hemorrhage and anal sphincter injury, with fecal incontinence.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the predictors of severe perineal tear (3rd and 4th degree tear), using mild perineal tear (1st and 2nd degree) as control. It would also determine the rate of perineal tear, and the maternal and fetal demographic risk factor associated with it.

Materials and Methods: This was an analytic observational study of 186 women who had perineal tear during vaginal delivery. Out of these, 19 women had severe (3rd and 4th degree) perineal tear, also known as obstetrics anal sphincter injury (OASI). This was compared to 167 women who had mild perineal tear (1st and 2nd degree) during the study period.

Maternal demographic information retrieved was maternal age, parity, educational level, and occupation. Obstetrics factors were booking status, gestational age at delivery, mode of delivery, rank of the accoucheur (nurse or doctor), and degree of perineal tear. Fetal demographic data was birth weight and fetal sex.

Categorical variables were compared with odds ratio, difference in mean was compared with student’s t-test, and the degree of association for quantitative variables was determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Predictor variables were determined using simple logistic regression, and multivariate analysis. Confidence interval was set at 95%, and statistical significance was set at p value of < 0.05.

Results: The prevalence of OASI (3rd and 4th degree perineal tear) in Yenagoa was 1.1%. The significant risk factors were women of younger age, odds ratio = 1.04(0.37, 2.87) with p = 0.04, low parity, odds ratio = 0.20(0.07, 0.55) with p = 0.008, low educational background, odd ratio = 18.9(5.92, 60.81), and birth weight ≥ 4kg, odds ratio = 0.30[0.09, 1.06] with p = 0.04.

Using simple liner regression, the most significant predictors for severe perineal tear were mode delivery (r2 = 65.5%), and educational level (r2 = 30.0%). However, on stepwise multivariate analysis, these two factors accounted for 68.5%.

Conclusion: The rate of severe perineal tear is relatively low in Yenagoa, Nigeria, and comparable to what obtains in many countries. The most significant predictors were mode of delivery and educational level. Careful selection of the mode of delivery, especially instrumental vaginal deliveries, and women empowerment could minimize the rate in our environment.
In vitro Assessment of Polysaccharides Immunoregulatory Effects on CD3+CD56+ NKT-like Cells
Authors: Lu Minghao , Huang Yaobiao , Yang Lianyang , Chen Chun
Published: May 2021

Aims: Polysaccharides have shown efficacy in a broad range of applications, especially in immune regulation. However, there are only few effective methods available to evaluate and compare the immunoregulatory properties of the different polysaccharides in vitro. To screen stringently and extend the fields of application of polysaccharide-based treatments, a novel in vitro method, based on the use of cord blood-derived CD3+CD56+ NKT-like cells, was developed in this study.

Methodology: Four injectable polysaccharides used in clinics, including Lentinan (LNT), Bacillus Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acids (BCG-PSN), ginseng polysaccharides (GPS), and Shengfu polysaccharides (SFPS), which all might benefit cancer therapy, were further validated by testing their effect on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in vitro. This new evaluation system could discriminate the effects of the four polysaccharides.

Results: Cells treated for 4 days with either of the four polysaccharides were fewer than untreated cells. Upon 7-day treatments, plant- or bacteria-derived BCG-PSN, GPS, and SFPS induced higher level of IFN-, proportion of cells with a CD3+CD56+ phenotype, and cytolytic activity toward A549 cells, compared to controls. However, fungus-derived LNT yielded lower IFN-, proportion of CD3+CD56+ cells, and cytolytic activity than control conditions.Additionally, all four polysaccharides, in decreasing order GPS, SFPS, BCG-PSN, and LNT, induced significantly higher concentrations of TNF-α compared to control, with respectively.

Conclusion:Cord blood-derived CD3+CD56+ NKT-like cells may represent a powerful tool to screen and evaluate the immunoregulatory potential of biological or chemical compounds for clinical developments and applications.
Intestinal Ischemia Mirrors Cardiac Angina- A Case Report
Authors: Dighe Sunil , Munde Kalyan , Kalantri Piyush , Bodke Mahesh
Published: May 2021

Chronic mesenteric ischemia (intestinal angina) is a condition that is caused by stenosis or occlusion of the mesenteric arteries (Superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery and celiac artery) and usually manifest as abdominal pain which is usually post - prandial in nature. If plaque or lesion in an artery supplying the intestines narrows the vessel so severely that sluggish blood flow causes a clot, blood flow through that artery can become completely blocked, which can lead to ischemia .While surgical revascularization has been the standard treatment for symptomatic patients in past , recent advances in interventional devices and techniques have made endovascular treatment easily available and effective treatment. Endovascular treatment is considered as minimally invasive means of obtaining good long-term results. The Coronary arteries are common hiding places for cholesterol-filled plaque and blood clots. Plaque can limit blood flow during exercise or stress, causing the chest pain or pressure known as angina. Clots may completely block blood flow, causing a heart attack or cardiac arrest. These two leading perpetrators can do similar things elsewhere in the body. When they interfere with blood flow to the digestive system, the effects can range from a stomach ache after every meal to a life threatening emergency. We report a similar case who present with unstable angina. During hospitalization he was having persistent abdominal pain and who was investigated with CT abdomen and later Angioplasty was done which further showed significant benefit to patient.
Evaluation of Rib Fractures due to Trauma
Authors: Aydin Suphi , Dumanli Ahmet , Gencer Adem
Published: May 2021

Introduction and Aim: We aimed to evaluate the one-year mortality rates and the effect of comorbid diseases on mortality in patients with trauma and isolated rib fractures.

Materials and Methods: Ninety patients who had trauma, isolated rib fracture between January 2016 and December 2016 and could be reached after one year after the trauma were included in the study. The files of the patients were scanned retrospectively. Age, gender, and length of hospital stay were recorded. After one-year follow-up, they were

contacted by phone to evaluate the rates of additional disease and mortality.

Results: 27 of the patients were female (30%), 63 of them were male (70%). Regarding the causes of injury, there were falls in 42 patients at most and in-vehicle traffic accidents in 35 patients. The mean age was 56.85 ± 16.33, the mean hospital stay was 4.04 ± 4.55 days. The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus in 13 patients and hypertension in 11 patients. The least detected additional diseases are; Ulcerative colitis, epilepsy, arrhythmia, gastroesophageal reflux, gastrointestinal bleeding, rheumatism, Alzheimer and Familial Mediterranean Fever in 1 patient each. One patient died who had gastrointestinal bleeding. Mortality rate was 1.11%.

Conclusions: Post-traumatic rib fractures disrupt people's quality of life and cause morbidity and mortality. Although the risk of comorbid mortality increases, close follow-up is important in preventing or reducing mortality rates.
Adoption of Intercropping Practices by the Cotton Farmers in Mancherial District of Telangana State
Authors: Kota Shivakrishna , Naik M. Rajeshwar , Reddy R. Uma , Thirupathi I.
Published: May 2021

World food production shortages and estimates in the supplies of the future have promptly increased the interest in the adoption of improved crop production activities and increased the food production and helps to cope with the threats of climatic variations and food security. Intercropping is a method that efficiently uses the space and time of cultivation. In this concept of cotton-based intercropping with pulses, where cotton yields are more along with additional survivable returns to the farmers from other crops. Though the concept has beneficial effects, but the adoption of intercropping in cotton by the farmers is low due to lack of clarity about the concept of intercropping. The present study mainly focused on estimating and clarifying the decision of the farmers on the adoption and non-adoption of intercropping in cotton and the benefits of the intercropping practices by the cotton farmers in developing the conceptual framework. Logistic regression model was used to present an econometric analysis of the diffusion process. The results from the present study revealed that variables like farm size, education status and exposure to extension service and capital were statistically significant at 1% level and showing a positive influence on the adoption of intercropping in cotton. Whereas age, farming experience was statistically significant at 1% level and showing the negative influence on the adoption of intercropping in cotton and yield is the other variable showing the negative influence on the intercropping. Further, in the extension systems more stress is need upon the capacity building of the farmers for optimum harnessing of the benefits of new generation technologies in cotton cultivation.
Disruption of Ovarian Utilisation of Proteins by Tetrapleuratetraptera Fruit Extract Impairs Estrous Cycle and Ovarian Functions in Female Rats
Authors: Adienbo Ologhaguo Macstephen , Ezeala Ogechi Stephanie
Published: May 2021

Aim: Reports that some phytochemicals interfere with reproductive functions, in both humans and animals necessitated this study which is aimed at determining the effects of fruit extract of Tetrapleuratetrapteraon oestrous cycle and ovarian functions in females.

Methods: Adult female wistar rats weighing 160-180 g with regular 4-5 days oestrus cycle were selected into 4 groups of 6 animals each. Group 1 (control) administered 1ml distilled water; groups II, III and IV were daily treated with the extract at doses 75 mg/kg, 150mg/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight respectively, orally for 21 days. Microscopic evaluation of vaginal smear was done daily to determine the various stages of the estrous cycle, their duration, as well as the estrous cycle length. After 24 hours of last administration, each rat was weighed, sacrificed, and right ovary was homogenised and the homogenate used for analyses of total protein content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, according to standard protocols.

Results: There was significant (P < 0.05) increase in duration of diestrus phase and estrous cycle length in all the extract-treated groups, compared to control animals. Also, there was relative reductions in the duration for proestrus (p<0.05), estrus (p<0.05) and metestrus (p<0) phases of the cycle, with a relative increase in duration for diestrus phase (p<0.05) in animals treated with 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight respectively. In addition, a significant (P < 0.05) increase was observed in ovarian Protein, and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity; as well as significant (P < 0.05) reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) level and in weight gain in the test animals, compared to the control.

Conclusion:Tetrapleuratetrapterafruit extract disrupts ovarian utilisation of proteins in the ovaries, thereby impairing oestrous cyclicity, and body weight. These could result to infertility.
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste: Effects of Pyrolysis Parameters
Authors: AlMohamadi Hamad , Aljabri Abdulrahman , Mahmoud Essam R.I. , Khan Sohaib Z. , Aljohani Meshal S. , Shamsuddin Rashid
Published: May 2021

Burning municipal solid waste (MSW) increases CO2, CH4, and SO2 emissions, leading to an increase in global warming, encouraging governments and researchers to search for alternatives. The pyrolysis process converts MSW to oil, gas, and char. This study investigated catalytic and noncatalytic pyrolysis of MSW to produce oil using MgO-based catalysts. The reaction temperature, catalyst loading, and catalyst support were evaluated. Magnesium oxide was supported on active carbon (AC) and Al2O3 to assess the role of support in MgO catalyst activity. The liquid yields varied from 30 to 54 wt% based on the experimental conditions. For the noncatalytic pyrolysis experiment, the highest liquid yield was 54 wt% at 500 °C. The results revealed that adding MgO, MgO/Al2O3, and MgO/AC declines the liquid yield and increases the gas yield. The catalysts exhibited significant deoxygenation activity, which enhances the quality of the pyrolysis oil and increases the heating value of the bio-oil. Of the catalysts that had high deoxygenation activity, MgO/AC had the highest relative yield. The loading of MgO/AC varied from 5 to 30 wt% of feed to the pyrolysis reactor. As the catalyst load increases, the liquid yield declines, while the gas and char yields increase. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
PERCEPTION OF NURSING STUDENTS FOR THEIR SKILLS RELATED TO EXERCISE OF NURSING DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Pereira Jamelson dos Santos , Costa Milena Silva , Pinho Aline Samara Dantas Soares , Eloi Aryanderson de Carvalho , Araújo Bruna Patrícia de Lima
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: caracterizar a percepção de estudantes de enfermagem quanto as suas competências ligadas a prática diagnóstica em enfermagem. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo efetivado no decorrer dos meses de agosto de 2010 a junho de 2011 com onze acadêmicos de enfermagem pertencentes a uma IES localizada na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte - CE. Os dados foram obtidos através da aplicação de uma entrevista, após a assinatura pelos participantes do termo de anuência. Resultados: observou-se que os estudantes percebem a construção de suas competências relacionadas ao exercício diagnóstico de enfermagem como produto das atividades teóricas e práticas curriculares adotadas pela IES estudada. Conclusão: O fazer pedagógico empregado pela IES favorece o desenvolvimento das competências dos estudantes alusivas a prática diagnóstica de enfermagem. Descritores: cuidados de enfermagem, diagnóstico de enfermagem, educação baseada em competências.
PSYCHIATRIC NURSING / MENTAL HEALTH IN BRAZILIAN NURSING CONGRESS FROM 1981 TO 1990
Authors: Domingues Priscila Siva , Da Silva Júnior Osnir Claudiano
Published: May 2021

Objetivos: Descrever o contexto da implementação da Reforma Psiquiátrica no Brasil no período de 1981 a 1990; identificar as discussões sobre Enfermagem Psiquiátrica/Saúde Mental nos Congressos Brasileiros de Enfermagem e analisar os temas sobre Psiquiatria/Saúde Mental discutidos pela Enfermagem. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa documental. Os documentos utilizados foram os anais e programas dos Congressos Brasileiros de Enfermagem de 1981 a 1990. Resultados: foram selecionados 08 artigos, classificados em: prática profissional e assistência. Conclusão: A análise aponta discussões bastante fundamentadas na prática profissional. Um dos pontos amplamente abordados foi a desqualificação do profissional de Enfermagem que atua na área psiquiátrica. DESCRITORES: enfermagem psiquiátrica, história da enfermagem, saúde mental.
VALUING THE CONSULTATION OF NURSING AS A PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FAMILY HEALTH PROGRAM (FHP)
Authors: Costa Felipe dos Santos , Silva Jorge Luiz Lima , Gonzále Rigoberto Roland Montes de Oca Y , Machado Emanoele Amaral
Published: May 2021

A consulta de enfermagem é um importante mecanismo para diagnóstico de problemas de saúde, tanto individuais, como coletivos, constituindo uma importante ferramenta para o profissional de enfermagem. Despertar neste profissional a importância desta ferramenta em seu contexto profissional constitui importante medida de valorização profissional, além de contribuir para a melhora da assistência prestada. Constituem-se como objetivos deste estudo descrever as ações efetuadas pelo enfermeiro durante a consulta de enfermagem e refletir sobre a sua importância para o contexto do Programa Saúde da Família (PSF). Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, que utilizou bibliografias publicadas no período de 2005 a 2010, além de manuais e outras fontes que por demonstrarem relevância também foram inseridos. Dentro do contexto do PSF, o enfermeiro pode atuar através da consulta de enfermagem individual, ou em grupo, promovendo debates sobre os problemas de saúde das pessoas, tentando pactuar com as mesmas, soluções para os mais diversos agravos.
TALKING ABOUT CERVICAL CANCER: CONTRIBUTIONS OF COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES
Authors: Melo Mônica Cecília Pimentel de , De Moura Raoni Gomes de , Bezerra Maria Weilany Silva , Barros Adriana Gonçalves de , Salum Rosana Dourado Loula , Gomes Leandra Macedo de Araújo
Published: May 2021

OBJETIVO: analisar a contribuição das terapias complementares para o bem-estar das mulheres cadastradas no Tratamento Fora do Domicílio de Petrolina-PE. MÉTODO: os dados foram coletados com mulheres portadoras de câncer de colo uterino que freqüentavam o setor de Tratamento Fora do Domicílio. A amostra foi de cinco mulheres. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Tratou-se os dados conforme análise de conteúdo de Bardin. RESULTADOS: constatou-se que o uso das terapias complementares passa a ser mais uma opção no combate a doença, tornando-se alvo de achados não convencionais, praticados pela população em geral, na busca por qualidade de vida e até mesmo por uma cura. CONCLUSÃO: o profissional de saúde deve conhecer o uso das terapias não-convencionais, visto que é de suma importância que este assuma atitudes, as quais deverão ser direcionadas para um fortalecimento do seu papel de educador para a saúde. DESCRITORES: Câncer, Colo do útero, Terapias complementares.
A COMPLEX CARE: COMMUNICATING BAD NEWS IN ONCOLOGY
Authors: Souza Raquel de Abreu Pinheiro e , Souza Sônia Regina de
Published: May 2021

Objetivos: Analisar as produções científicas que abordam a temática de más notícias em oncologia e discutir a comunicação das mesmas nesta área. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa. Resultados: Foram elaboradas três unidades temáticas: falta de capacitação profissional na comunicação de más notícias; dificuldade do profissional na comunicação de más notícias; protocolo Spikes e sua contribuição para a prática profissional. Conclusão: Apesar de existirem estudos sobre essa temática, foi possível verificar que são escassos ainda, artigos relacionados a comunicação de más notícias e o profissional enfermeiro. Daí a necessidade de que sejam realizadas mais pesquisas, considerando que o enfermeiro é um profissional da área da saúde que tem seu foco de ação nas necessidades do cliente e respostas do indivíduo/ família e comunidade.
MENTAL HEALTH ACTIONS IN PRIMARY CARE: KNOWLEDGE OF NURSES ABOUT THE PSYCHIATRIC REFORM
Authors: Azevedo Dulcian Medeiros de , Santos Alanna Tamires dos
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento dos Enfermeiros da ESF sobre a assistência em saúde mental a partir da RP; e investigar a articulação entre CAPS e ESF no tocante às atividades de matriciamento. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvida na ESF de Parelhas-RN, sendo entrevistados oito enfermeiros. A entrevista continha 32 perguntas fechadas, relacionadas a conhecimentos na área da saúde mental. Resultados: Os sujeitos apresentaram boa compreensão acerca das mudanças nas formas de tratamento empregadas em saúde mental; deram importância ao papel da família no tratamento, além da reinserção social dos usuários e da visita domiciliária como fortalecedora de vínculos e indispensável ao tratamento; e desconheceram o apoio matricial. Conclusão: Os enfermeiros entrevistados conhecem a RP e sua importância no cenário do cuidado em saúde mental na ESF. Apesar disso, os resultados sugerem fragilidades na articulação entre ESF e CAPS, com interferência direta na assistência em saúde mental prestada.
IMPACT OF MORBI- MORTALITY AND EXPENSES WITH SUICIDE IN BRAZIL FROM 1998 TO 2007
Authors: Da Silveira Rodrigo Euripedes , Santos Álvaro da Silva , Ferreira Lúcia Aparecida
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a morbimortalidade e os gastos com Suicídio na rede hospitalar do SUS no Brasil. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, com dados secundários do Ministério da Saúde, entre 1998 e 2007. Resultados: Verificaram-se 77.648 óbitos e 102.031 hospitalizações, além de gastos superiores a R$ 35 milhões. O sexo masculino prevaleceu na mortalidade (79,25%), morbidade (61,42%) e custos (cerca de R$ 22 mi). A maioria de internações/óbitos se dá entre homens residentes na região Sudeste. Os idosos, brancos, solteiros, com até 7 anos de estudo são os que mais morrem por esta causa; enquanto ocorre maior prevalência de hospitalizações entre 30 e 39 anos (9,87/100 mil hab.). Quanto às causas, identificou-se maioria dos óbitos por Enforcamentos (51,40%) e de internações por Intoxicações Exógenas (69,00%). Conclusões: Estudo pioneiro, que traça um panorama para colaborar no desenvolvimento de estratégias para prevenção e adequação dos serviços de saúde para minimizar o impacto do suicídio no Brasil.
EVALUATION OF THE LEVEL OF STRESS OF THE NURSING OF MOBILE EMERGENCE CARE SERVICE
Authors: Maia Êulien Cavalcante , Miranda Maira Di Ciero , Caetano Joselany Áfio , De Figueredo Carvalho Zuíla Maria , Lavinas Santos Míria Conceição , Caldini Luana Nunes
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a ocorrência de estresse nos enfermeiros, socorristas e técnicos de enfermagem que trabalhavam no SAMU/192-Fortaleza, utilizando-se o Inventário de Sinais e Sintomas de Lipp (ISSL), relacionar os fatores ocupacionais envolvidos e levantar sugestões para o controle do estresse. Métodos: Participaram 30 profissionais, entre setembro e outubro de 2009. Resultados: A enfermagem foi considerada uma das profissões mais estressantes e, referente ao atendimento pré-hospitalar, o nível de estresse foi considerável. Verificou-se moderada incidência de estresse, com predominância de sintomas psicológicos e da fase de resistência, e apenas um sujeito na fase de exaustão. Dos fatores mais estressantes citados, o trânsito foi o principal, mencionado por 50% dos entrevistados. Conclusão: É primordial, para a categoria investigada, a adoção de medidas para redução de fatores estressores que interferem no estado físico e psicológico dos profissionais de emergência.
EXPERIENCE OF MOTHERS IN THE REALITY OF HAVING A CHILD CANCER
Authors: Fernandes Márcia Astrês , Palucci Maria Helena , Neiva Lara Emanueli , Nascimento Cássia Tatyanna , Alves Samantha Araujo
Published: May 2021

OBJETIVO: Descrever e discutir a vivência das mães na realidade de ter um filho com câncer. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada em uma Casa de Apoio à Criança com Câncer, tendo como sujeitos 11 mães, na faixa etária de 22 a 55 anos, que acompanhavam seus filhos em tratamento oncológico. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada, com análise temática. RESULTADOS: Evidenciaram-se as principais dificuldades vivenciadas pelas mães diante do adoecer e do processo de hospitalização do filho. CONCLUSÃO: Percebeu-se que o câncer, devido às mudanças e privações que acarretam na vida afetiva, social e familiar da mãe, desencadeia um intenso sofrimento.DESCRITORES: Sentimentos; câncer; mães.
MENTAL HEALTH ACTIONS DEVELOPED BY HEALTH PROFESSIONALS IN THE PRIMARY CARE CONTEXT
Authors: Magalhàes Veronica de Campos , Pinho Leandro Barbosa de , Lacchini Annie Jeanninne Bisso , Schneider Jacó Fernando , Olschowsky Agnes
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: conhecer as ações de saúde mental desenvolvidas por profissionais de saúde, no contexto da atenção básica. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido em uma Unidade de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) de um Município do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se a entrevista semi-estruturada, aplicadas a quatro profissionais. Resultados: As seguintes temáticas foram identificadas: as ações em saúde mental desenvolvidas na ESF e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos profissionais para trabalhar com saúde mental na ESF. As principais ações de cuidado em saúde mental na atenção básica se estruturam a partir do acolhimento e do vínculo com usuários e famílias, permitindo ao trabalhador conhecer melhor o território onde vive o sujeito.Conclusão: O estudo possibilita repensar processos de trabalho não apenas na ESF, mas incentivando a rede como espaço produtor de novas perspectivas e caminhos de cuidado às pessoas com sofrimento psíquico.
DISCOURSE ABOUT HUMAN ANATOMY IN THE INTEGRATED CURRICULUM OF NURSING
Authors: Silva Paulo Sérgio da , Dias Suelen Lacerda , Henriques Janine de Carvalho Freitas , Soares Elizane Ferreira , Figueiredo Nébia Maria Almeida de
Published: May 2021

Objetivos: Identificar a integração dos conhecimentos anatômicos aos semiotécnicos na formação universitária em enfermagem. Metodologia: O método utilizado foi qualitativo e a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada que contou com vinte e quatro estudantes de enfermagem de um Centro Universitário privado localizado na região serrana do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: Foram construídas três categorias que permitiu a discussão da Anatomia Humana no currículo de enfermagem; perceber os desafios e as potencialidades na integração dos conhecimentos morfológicos com os fundamentos de enfermagem, sobretudo nos módulos de prática profissional. Conclusão: A anatomia humana emerge no currículo de forma expressiva nos períodos iniciais da formação, isso dificulta a integração com os componentes semiotécnicos da enfermagem fundamental, entretanto o currículo integrado sobre a perspectiva da espiral construtivista se apresentou como um componente pedagógico potente para facilitar a integração entre as áreas.
WOMEN LIVING WITH HIV: THE DECISION TO BECOME PREGNANT
Authors: Silva Gabriela Santos , Teixeira Selma Villa Boas
Published: May 2021

Objetivos: Analisar a percepção das mulheres soropositivas ao HIV quanto à decisão de engravidar; Investigar o conhecimento das mulheres soropositivas ao HIV a cerca dos cuidados na prevenção da transmissão vertical.  Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com abordagem qualitativa. Foi utilizado um roteiro de perguntas e as entrevistas foram gravadas e posteriormente transcritas. Resultados: O estudo revelou que a sorologia positiva para o HIV não é fator limitante para a decisão de engravidar. Ainda que o medo de transmitir o vírus esteja presente, este é superado pelo desejo de ser mãe e a expectativa de poder gerar um filho saudável. Conclusão: A decisão reprodutiva das mulheres soropositivas ao HIV deve ser valorizada durante o atendimento para que estas possam decidir sua vida de forma consciente, democrática e emancipatória.