bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spiritually significant hallucinations: a patient-centred approach to tackle epistemic injustice
Authors: Cullinan Rachel J. , Woods Angela , Barber Joanna M.P. , Cook Christopher C. H.
Published: April 2023

This article uses three fictitious case vignettes to raise questions and educate on how clinicians can appropriately approach patients experiencing spiritually significant hallucinations. Religious hallucinations are common but are not pathognomonic of mental illness. They are often intimate experiences for the patient that raise complex questions about psychopathology for clinicians. When assessing a patient with religious hallucinations it is important that clinicians hold at the centre that person's personal experience and create a safe space in which they are listened to and epistemic injustices are avoided. Involvement of chaplaincy services is important not just to support the patient but also to ensure that as clinicians we seek support in understanding the religious nature of these experiences.
Skill Translation Following the Vital Anesthesia Simulation Training Facilitator Course: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mossenson Adam I. , Ocholi Deborah , Gower Shelley , Livingston Patricia L.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:

Simulation-based education (SBE) is common in resource-rich locations, but barriers exist to widespread implementation in low-resource settings (LRSs). Vital Anesthesia Simulation Training (VAST) was developed to offer low-cost, immersive simulation to teach core clinical practices and nontechnical skills to perioperative health care teams. To promote sustainability, courses in new locations are preceded by the VAST Facilitator Course (VAST FC) to train local faculty. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of VAST FC graduates in translating postcourse knowledge and skills into their workplaces.

METHODS:

This qualitative study used focus group interviews with 24 VAST FC graduates (from 12 low- and middle-income and 12 high-income countries) to explore how they had applied new learning in the workplace. Focus groups were conducted by videoconferencing with data transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.

RESULTS:

Enabler themes for knowledge and skill translation following facilitator training were (1) the structured debriefing framework, (2) the ability to create a supportive learning environment, and (3) being able to meaningfully discuss nontechnical skills. Two subthemes within the debriefing framework were (1.1) knowledge of conversational techniques and (1.2) having relevance to clinical debriefing. Barrier themes limiting skill application were (1) added time and effort required for comprehensive debriefing, (2) unsupportive workplaces, and (3) lack of opportunities for mentorship and practice postcourse.

CONCLUSIONS:

Participants found parallels between SBE debriefing conversations, clinical event debriefing, and feedback conversations and were able to apply knowledge and skills in a variety of settings post course. This study supports the relevance of simulation facilitator training for SBE in LRSs.
When Berle and Galbraith Revived Political Economy: A Study of Cross-Fertilization (1933–67)
Authors: Chirat Alexandre
Published: April 2023

This article reconstructs the intellectual cross-fertilization between Adolf Berle Jr. (1895–1971) and John Kenneth Galbraith (1908–2006) to account for their institutionalist challenge to “conventional economics” that revived political economy. It goes back to the origins of The Modern Corporation and Private Property before analyzing Berle and Galbraith's answers to a set of fundamental questions. What is the nature of modern competition? What is the nature of the modern corporation? What is the role of the state? And how should American liberalism be reinvented to cope with the social issues raised by the transformation of American capitalism in the postwar era? Their answers to these questions reveal the deep affinities between the theoretical and political dimensions of their work. This research contributes, then, to the history of the institutionalist movement in the postwar period and its affinities with qualitative liberalism.
The Marquis de Mirabeau and Cantillon's Essai sur la nature du commerce en général
Authors: Charles Loïc , Théré Christine
Published: April 2023

This article presents a detailed chronology of the creation of L'Ami des hommes and the very special role played by Richard Cantillon's Essai sur la nature du commerce en général in this process. It shows that Mirabeau obtained the manuscript of the French translation of the Essai made by Cantillon himself through a marquis de Saint-George. It provides a biography of this obscure character and discusses his relationship with both Cantillon and the Marquis de Mirabeau. Then, it examines how Mirabeau used Cantillon's text as a source of inspiration for four projects developed in different contexts. As shown in the article, from 1740 to 1757, his relationship to Cantillon's text changed. His first two tries merely abstracted and rewrote the original text of the Essai to adapt it to a general readership. In the early 1750s, motivated by his discussions with his younger brother, the Chevalier de Mirabeau, on political economy, the marquis developed a more ambitious plan. He decided to provide an annotated edition of Cantillon's Essai. By 1756, Mirabeau realized that his ideas and interests had become so different from those of Cantillon that it was best to reconceive his project as a stand-alone and completely original text, the one he finally published as L'Ami des hommes in 1757.
The efficacy of information interventions for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A systematic review of randomized trials
Authors: Kiropoulou Asimina , Katsareli Maria , Vasileiadis Ioannis , Nanas Serafeim
Published: April 2023

Background: The provision of information to patients is one of the most important factors of supportive cancer care. We conducted a systematic review to detect information-giving interventions and their impact on quality of life, psychological distress and satisfaction of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients.
Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2010 to 2021 in Pubmed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases were reviewed.
Results: Eight RCTs with total of 1550 HSCT patients enrolled were identified. Most studies indicated that groups exposed to interventions displayed higher rates of satisfaction. However, the minority of the studies produced significant benefits in terms of distress and quality of life. RCTs were heterogeneous regarding sample size, diagnosis, transplant type and follow-up duration.  
Conclusion: Additional research is needed to make definitive conclusions. More longitudinal multicenter studies with consistency in the methodological approach, assessment and interpretation are necessary.
Studying the Swallow using Surface Electroencephalography: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alexandropoulou Anna , Magkouti Eleni , Despoti Akyllina , Leventakis Nikolaos , Nanas Serafeim
Published: April 2023

Background: Swallowing is an important function for life sustenance but our understanding of its neural organization in the human cortex is not yet fully explored. Electroencephalography is a functional neuroimaging modality that already has and could further contribute to that direction. In this review, we have sought to gather and present findings from studies that used the EEG on healthy individuals for the investigation of the cortical mechanisms that moderate deglutition.
Methods and Materials: Four databases were searched for studies that used the EEG as their main research modality on healthy individuals and administered various stimuli for them to swallow. The risk of bias assessment of the studies was conducted using the NIH rating scale for observational studies.
Results: Our search yielded 393 studies in total and nine of them were included in the final discussion. The risk of bias assessment showed good quality of the studies. The nine studies were presented in a table following an adapted PICOS outline depicting the population, the comparisons, the means of measurement and the outcomes.
Conclusions: Researchers studied the morphology of the signal before, during and after the swallow and its discrepancies in frequency in relation to stimuli alterations. Discrepancies in methodology and concordance with previous research are discussed.
Vulnerability of elasmobranchs caught as bycatch in the grouper longline fishery in the Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia
Authors: SAIDI BECHIR , ENAJJAR SAMIRA , BRADAI MOHAMED NEJMEDDINE
Published: April 2023

The present study aims to quantify the effect of the grouper demersal longline fishery to elasmobranchs in the Gulf of Gabès to support future conservation actions for the most vulnerable species. Data from 162 demersal longline sets carried out during the grouper fishing seasons in 2016 and 2017 were analyzed. At least 17 elasmobranch species were caught, representing about 50% of the total catch in number which exceeded the target catch of groupers Epinephelus spp. (44.15%). Elasmobranchs were present in 139 (85.80%) out of the 162 examined sets, while the frequency of occurrence per set varied greatly depending on the species. The nominal Catches Per Unit Effort of all species combined was 3.07 specimens per 1,000 hooks/hour of fishing. Sharks and batoids contributed equally to the total elasmobranch catch, comprising 51.84% and 48.16% in terms of number, respectively. Mustelus mustelus, Carcharhinus plumbeus and Squalus spp. were the most abundant species, representing 45.65% of the total elasmobranch catch, whereas the remaining shark species were rarely caught (6.19%). Batoids were dominated by Glaucostegus cemiculus, which represented 19.07% of the total elasmobranch catch in number, followed by Dasyatis spp. (8.91%), Raja clavata (7.1%) and Taeniura grabata (4.59%). The elasmobranchs discarded due to their low commercial value and/or small size represented 11.34% of the total catch in number. According to the results of the Productivity and Susceptibility Analysis, the coastal viviparous elasmobranch species in the study area are highly vulnerable to the grouper longline fishery activity and should be carefully managed to reduce the likelihood of overfishing.
The genome sequence of the Lilac Beauty, Apeira syringaria (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Lewis Owen T. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: April 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Apeira syringaria (the Lilac Beauty; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 544.4 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 30 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the assembled Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.5 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 18,426 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of the Chalkhill Blue, Lysandra coridon (Poda, 1761)
Authors: Vila Roger , Lohse Konrad , Hayward Alex , Laetsch Dominik R. , Wright Charlotte ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: April 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Lysandra coridon (the Chalkhill Blue; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Lycaenidae). The genome sequence is 541 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 90 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the assembled Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.4 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 13,334 protein coding genes.
Organization of auto-technical support of troops. Military road transport
Authors: Mihnevich Mihail , Efremov Vladimir , Gorohov Nikolay , Babakin Aleksandr , Makaev Yuriy , Podchinok V. , Kobernichenko A.
Published: April 2023

The textbook sets out the basic requirements of the current governing documents on the organization of military road transport, summarizes the experience of transportation in road units and divisions.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for the training of cadets of military educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, studying in the specialty of higher education on 23.05.01 "Ground transport and technological means", and can also be used by officers of the automotive troops in their official activities.
The fundamental foundations of social conflict
Authors: Zelenkov Mihail , Skalepov Aleksandr , Chaevich Aleksandr
Published: April 2023

The textbook highlights the provisions of fundamental theories of social conflict, the results of the analysis of practical activities for its prevention and settlement, as well as the experience of previously prepared educational publications on this issue. The main directions, paradigms, concepts of the theory and practice of social conflict, their projections on the content of modern social relations are shown.
The methodology of constructing the material of the educational publication is based on the use of a retrospective approach, which allowed us to outline the fundamental foundations of social conflict from a historical point of view and in the development of its characteristics over time. In addition, the principles of the well-known domestic theorist and practice of pedagogy V.F. Shatalov are applied, in particular, the repeated repetition of basic provisions, which ensures more effective memorization with less concentration of the student's attention.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is addressed to teachers, students, undergraduates, postgraduates and doctoral students of higher educational institutions, and can also be used by practitioners in the field of information analytics and mediation.
Advertising and PR activities of a hotel company
Authors: Klyuchevskaya Irina , Semikova Ol'ga , Zheleznov Igor'
Published: April 2023

The textbook examines the content and specifics of the advertising and PR activities of a hotel enterprise related to the peculiarities of the development of the market of hotel services and hotel products, analyzes advertising and PR tools and strategies aimed at ensuring the successful positioning of a hotel enterprise in the market. The issues of the organization of advertising and PR activities of hotels are highlighted, the issues of the use of channels for the distribution of advertising appeals and PR materials, the use of Internet technologies in advertising, the principles of creating advertising appeals, the formation of the image and brand of a hotel enterprise are considered in detail. For the first time, the features of the formation of advertising materials of a hotel enterprise, manipulation techniques used in the advertising text are considered. At the end of each chapter, there are questions and tasks that allow you to consolidate the theoretical material.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of educational institutions of higher education studying in the areas of training 43.03.03 "Hotel business", 43.03.02 "Tourism", and students of professional educational organizations studying in the specialty 43.02.11 "Hotel service". It can be used to teach students of organizations of additional professional education, students of both full-time and distance learning, and individual chapters can be useful for college students.
Criminal liability for unlawful impact on critical information infrastructure
Authors: Malygin Ivan , Bukalerova L. , Russkevich E.
Published: April 2023

The monograph is devoted to a complex of theoretical and applied problems of criminal liability for unlawful impact on critical information infrastructure (Article 274.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). Along with general theoretical issues, foreign criminal legislation and provisions of international law are subjected to in-depth analysis. The paper presents a refined criminal-legal characteristic of the unlawful impact on the critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation, including in the light of the latest novelties of Russian criminal legislation, scientifically based recommendations on qualification are developed.
For researchers, teachers, practicing lawyers, students and postgraduates of law schools and faculties.
Students of the Medical College against the background of three other faculties of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce
Authors: Mlodawski Jakub , Swiercz Anna , Mlodawska Marta , Piąta Aleksandra , Gawdzik Barbara , Swiercz Grzegorz
Published: April 2023

The need to limit people-to-people contacts during the COVID-19 pandemic introduced the need for distance learning at universities. After two years of pandemic restrictions, we decided to check the opinion of medical students and three other faculties on the conducted classes and compare groups with each other. We conducted a survey research based on standardized questionnaire which included 306 students from four faculties of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce – Faculty of Law and Social Sciences (1), Medical College (2), Faculty of Exact and Life Sciences (3), Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology (4).

Students did not differ in the assessment of most types of classes conducted in a virtual form. The exceptions were virtual meetings in a group of students, which were better assessed at the faculty no. 1 compared to 2 and 4. Students of Medical College faculty differed in terms of assessing level of distance learning and their own involvement. Their ratings on these two issues were the lowest among the four groups. The students of individual faculties did not differ in terms of assessing the effectiveness of the elements of education in the traditional and remote modes of operation.

 

The subjective assessment of distance learning by students from various faculties shows subtle differences. The transition to distance education resulted in a decline in the involvement of medical students in their education and a subjective decrease in quality of teaching comparing to other faculties. This opinion may be taken into account when adapting curricula and selecting the type of classes to be conducted in the course of distance or hybrid learning.
Resource-Aware Cost-Sharing Methods for Scheduling Games
Authors: Christodoulou George , Gkatzelis Vasilis , Sgouritsa Alkmini
Published: April 2023

In large distributed systems, ensuring the efficient utilization of the available resources is a very challenging task. Given limited information regarding the state of the system and no centralized control over the outcome, decentralized scheduling mechanisms are unable to enforce optimal utilization. To better understand such systems, some classic papers that introduced game theoretic models used the “price of anarchy” measure to evaluate the system’s performance. The paper “Resource-Aware Cost-Sharing Methods for Scheduling Games” by Christodoulou, Gkatzelis, and Sgouritsa overcomes some of the overly pessimistic results shown in this prior work by enhancing the scheduling mechanisms with access to some additional information regarding the state of the system: a “resource-aware” mechanism knows what machines are available in the system and uses this information to carefully incentivize the users toward more efficient Nash equilibrium outcomes.
A Temporal Perspective on Boundary Spanning: Engagement Dynamics and Implications for Knowledge Transfer
Authors: Zobel Ann-Kristin , Falcke Lukas , Comello Stephen D.
Published: April 2023

This study adopts a temporal perspective to investigate how boundary spanners can increase the inflow of external knowledge by engaging with both external and internal parties. We add to prior work on knowledge transfer by shifting the focus from engagement levels to investigating engagement dynamics, especially the degree of switching between external and internal engagement across consecutive time periods. Drawing from a cognitive perspective, we argue that switching strongly between engagement types is associated with a segmented knowledge structure that enables quick and efficient categorical processing when knowledge can simply be “channeled” from source to recipient units. In contrast, weak or no switching is associated with a blended knowledge structure and more reflective processing, which is particularly helpful when knowledge transfer requires more translation and transformation. Correspondingly, we adopt a contingency perspective and theorize that the cognitive advantages associated with stronger versus weaker switching weigh differently, contingent on the stickiness of knowledge to be transferred and the nature of boundary-spanning activities that vary in importance over time. Fixed effects models of eight waves of original survey data reveal that, in line with our theorizing, the association between switching and knowledge transfer becomes increasingly negative (1) the more boundary spanners access knowledge that is transspecialist in nature, (2) the greater the organizational distance between source and recipient units, and (3) in later phases of the boundary-spanning process.

Funding: This work was supported by the Swiss Competence Center for Energy Research–Competence Center for Research in Energy, Society and Transition (SCCER CREST) [Grant 1155000154]. The work was also financially supported by a seed grant from the Bits and Watts Initiative within the Precourt Institute for Energy at Stanford University.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2023.1677 .
A study of short tibia syndrome and its association with cranial cruciate ligament degeneration in dogs
Authors: Hanna Fikry Younan
Published: April 2023

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to describe the radiological findings of short tibia syndrome and its possible association with cranial cruciate ligament degeneration in dogs.

Methods:

A retrospective study calculated limb length discrepancy, with a particular emphasis on the tibia, using entire hind limb radiographs taken from 84 dogs with long progressive ligamentous degeneration and subsequent rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament and a control group. The control group was subdivided into two groups; group A consisted of nine dogs that had a definite traumatic injury to the stifle before the rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament and had no histological evidence of ligament degeneration, and group B consisted of 22 healthy dogs which had no history, clinical or radiological evidence supporting a diagnosis of cranial cruciate ligament degeneration or rupture, but presented with other orthopaedic conditions that required radiographs of both hind limbs to be performed.

Results:

In the study population group, all 84 dogs had a statistically significant total limb length discrepancy measurement because of significant underlying tibial asymmetry. Entire hind limbs radiographs showed one tibia appearing shorter than the other and different grades of stifle osteoarthritis. The radiographic investigation showed that 67% of the inter-observer inter-class correlation coefficients had high correlation and the remaining 33% had good correlation.

Conclusions:

Short tibia syndrome was consistently associated with stifle joint instability, cruciate ligament disease and progressive osteoarthritis. The radiographic investigation made by the three observers showed that tibial measurements were repeatable and reproducible, and the selected tibial measurement protocol had good to high correlation and was therefore dependable and reliable.
Premature deciduous tooth loss: a rare case of detrimental sequelae to the permanent dentition
Authors: Nandhra Kirandeep , Flett Andrew
Published: April 2023

Early loss of deciduous teeth can be associated with loss of space, tooth displacement, centreline disturbance, tooth impaction and ectopia. Its inevitability, unless monitored accordingly, among patients makes it pivotal that practitioners are aware of the detrimental effects, so they are able to consider these in the patient's management. This report presents the case of an 18-year-old patient who experienced tooth impaction and significant first premolar root resorption following the premature loss of deciduous second molars.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The orthodontist should be aware of the potential for detrimental sequelae of early primary tooth loss and subsequent tooth impaction, and ensure these are appropriately assessed and investigated in order to incorporate these into a patient's management plan.
NARRATIVA (AUTO)BIOGRÁFICA DE UM PROFESSOR DE INGLÊS SOBRE AS PRÁTICAS DE (MULTI) LETRAMENTOS NAS AULAS REMOTAS E PRESENCIAIS
Authors: Da Silva Vieira Thiago , Regiane Martinez Helen , Fernando Muller da Silva Luis , Avela Ramirez Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

Este artigo utiliza a metodologia narrativa (auto)biográfica para analisar como um professor de inglês da FATEC caracteriza sua prática docente no período de retorno ao ensino presencial, pós ensino remoto durante a pandemia de Covid-19.  O ensino tem se expandido para fora das instituições, ampliando a interatividade entre professores e alunos, a semiótica passa a dar significado às diversas linguagens existentes, considerando o conhecimento de diversas plataformas, redes sociais e a prática de letramento e (multi) letramento presentes no cotidiano dos professores e alunos. O objetivo foi relatar o que esse professor aprendeu, quais são seus atuais desafios e o que mudou em sua prática pedagógica ter vivido a experiência do ensino remoto online. Para tanto, por meio de sua narrativa poderemos compreender como a voz desse professor e sua experiência singular se traduzem em características universais para que outros docentes possam se identificar com a narrativa aqui apresentada e ressignificar sua prática docente.
NARRATIVAS DIGITAIS: O USO DE METODOLOGIA INOVADORA NA CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NA EDUCAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Moura Mariana Mani , Viana Helena Brandão
Published: April 2023

Este artigo apresenta estudo exploratório, com tecnologias digitais, que se propôs avaliar a utilização do método digital storytelling como recurso para construção, assimilação e produção de conhecimento. Os dados foram coletados por meio de survey, diário de campo e entrevistas junto a professores do ensino fundamental. Foi avaliada a implementação do referido método sob a ótica desses docentes. Os resultados indicam que a utilização das narrativas digitais pode contribuir para o aumento da retenção e assimilação de conteúdo pelos discentes, promover a interação aluno-aluno e aluno-professor e estimular a sociabilidade desses alunos. Pretende-se,dessa forma, agregar competências à formação de alunos e também à de professores, contribuindo para a continuidade do ensino mesmo em condições adversas, no qual as ferramentas digitais ocupam papel importante para o protagonismo dos alunos em relação ao próprio aprendizado; enriquecendo, dessa forma, o processo educacional.
A PERCEPÇÃO DE SUPERVISORES DE ENSINO NO MUNICÍPIO DE MAUÁ/SP: DA FUNÇÃO À AÇÃO SUPERVISORA
Authors: De Assis Carvalho Francisco , Ferdinando Kanai Passone Eric
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo analisa a função e as demandas do supervisor de ensino no âmbito da educação básica do sistema de ensino do município de Mauá/SP. A metodologia envolveu observação participante, revisão de literatura, levantamento documental e pesquisa empírica. Apresentam-se, inicialmente, os elementos que circunscrevem a origem e trajetória histórica da supervisão de ensino, bem como as atribuições legais dos supervisores da rede de Mauá. Destaca-se a importância da atuação dos supervisores de ensino junto às escolas como forma de acompanhar e orientar os trabalhos da equipe escolar. Os resultados também evidenciaram demandas administrativas, pedagógicas e formativas junto aos supervisores de ensino, tais como: conhecimentos relacionados à mediação do trabalho administrativo e pedagógico na escola; o planejamento de ações e estabelecimento de metas e conhecimentos e atualização sobre legislação de ensino.
O LETRAMENTO DIGITAL E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Gerasch Larissa , Lehmen Heinen Alana , Munari Domingos Ana Cláudia
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho aborda alguns conceitos importantes para a educação contemporânea, como o de letramento digital. O objetivo principal é evidenciar quais são as contribuições desse tipo de letramento para a formação dos estudantes ao longo da Educação Básica. A pesquisa usou fontes bibliográficas e realizou um estudo sobre como o letramento digital é proposto na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Foram consideradas muito importantes para o entendimento dos conceitos de alfabetização e letramento, as contribuições de Kleiman (2005), Soares (2009) e Gabriel (2017). Da mesma forma, destacam-se os estudos de Soares (2002), Walsh (2010) e Rojo (2012) acerca dos conceitos de letramento digital, letramento multimodal e multiletramento.  Através deste trabalho, percebeu-se que a oportunidade de experimentar uma forma inovadora de ler, o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico, o estímulo ao trabalho em equipe e a promoção do engajamento nas atividades escolares são importantes contribuições do letramento digital na Educação Básica.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: REAe Editoria
Published: April 2023

Apresentação do Dossiê: (Multi) Letramentos e Tecnologias Digitais
Dual-camera compressive hyperspectral imaging based on deep image prior and a guided filter
Authors: Tian Haijun , Zhao Jufeng , Zhu Junjie , Tang Xuanji , Cui Guangmang , Hou Changlun
Published: April 2023

Coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging (CASSI) aims to capture the high-dimensional (usually 3D) data cube using a 2D sensor in a single snapshot. Due to the ill-posed snapshot, the reconstruction results are not ideal. One feasible solution is to utilize additional information such as the panchromatic measurement in CASSI. In this paper, we propose a dual-camera hyperspectral reconstruction method based on the deep image prior (DIP) and a guided filter. In particular, the panchromatic measurements are used to estimate spatial detail, and spectral details are provided using CASSI measurements. These measurements are used as a priori learning by the self-supervised network. Using iteration combined with DIP, the hyperspectral reconstruction is continuously updated iteratively. Finally, the panchromatic measurement is used as the guidance image, and the reconstruction result is optimized by guide filtering. A large number of experimental results demonstrate that our method without training data can reconstruct spectral data with both high spectral accuracy and spatial resolution.
Evaluation of univariate and multivariate calibration strategies for the direct determination of total carbon in soils by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: tutorial
Authors: Nascimento Guedes Wesley , Babos Diego Victor , Câmara Costa Vinícius , De Morais Carla Pereira , Freitas Vitor da Silveira , Stenio Kleydson , Xavier Alfredo Augusto Pereira , Leva Borduchi Luís Carlos , Villas-Boas Paulino Ribeiro , Milori Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira
Published: April 2023

The correct choice of the calibration strategy method is a step that can ensure the accuracy of carbon determination in soils by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. In this paper, we evaluate and discuss the intrinsic characteristics of univariate and multivariate calibration strategies in overcoming soil matrix effects and their influence on the magnitude of calibration and prediction error values. The matrix-matching calibration with previous correction of Al spectral interference in the C I line at 193.03 nm was the best strategy of the 13 univariate models evaluated [root-mean-square error of calibration—(RMSEP)=0.2wt.%C]. In the multivariate evaluation of the 22 models obtained, the artificial neural network allowed obtaining a lower value of prediction error for C (RMSEP=0.1wt.%C) with very good accuracy (98%) for the set samples of validation. The observation of these results was justified considering the advantages and limitations of each calibration strategy explored.
Frequency-domain-resolved investigation of unitary h-shaped pulses
Authors: Zheng Shukai , Wang Jiachen , Du Geguo , Jiang Yu , Yan Peiguang , Wang Jinzhang , Dong Fanlong , Lue Qitao , Guo Chunyu , Ruan Shuangchen
Published: April 2023

We experimentally investigate the generation of h-shaped pulse in an all-polarization-maintaining (PM) and all-normal-dispersion (ANDi) mode-locked fiber laser. The generated pulse is demonstrated to be a unitary pulse, instead of a noise-like pulse (NLP). Furthermore, by employing an external filtering system, the obtained h-shaped pulse can be resolved into rectangular-shaped pulses, chair-like pulses, and Gaussian pulses. The authentic AC traces with a double-scale structure of unitary h-shaped pulses and chair-like pulses are observed on the autocorrelator. The chirp of h-shaped pulses is also proved similar to that of DSR pulses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the existence of unitary h-shaped pulse generation has been confirmed. Moreover, our experimental results reveal the close relationship of formation mechanisms of dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) pulses, h-shaped pulses, and chair-like pulses, which helps to unify the essences of such “DSR-like” pulses.
Autofocusing of Fresnel zone aperture lensless imaging for QR code recognition
Authors: Liu Fangyu , Wu Jiachen , Cao Liangcai
Published: April 2023

Fresnel zone aperture (FZA) lensless imaging encodes the incident light into a hologram-like pattern, so that the scene image can be numerically focused at a long imaging range by the back propagation method. However, the target distance is uncertain. The inaccurate distance causes blurs and artifacts in the reconstructed images. This brings difficulties for the target recognition applications, such as quick response code scanning. We propose an autofocusing method for FZA lensless imaging. By incorporating the image sharpness metrics into the back propagation reconstruction process, the method can acquire the desired focusing distance and reconstruct noise-free high-contrast images. By combining the Tamura of the gradient metrics and nuclear norm of gradient, the relative error of estimated object distance is only 0.95% in the experiment. The proposed reconstruction method significantly improves the mean recognition rate of QR code from 4.06% to 90.00%. It paves the way for designing intelligent integrated sensors.
Three-dimensional coherent diffraction snapshot imaging using extreme ultraviolet radiation from a free electron laser
Authors: Fainozzi Danny , Ippoliti Matteo , Bencivenga Filippo , capotondi flavio , Billè Fulvio , De Angelis Dario , Foglia Laura , Masciovecchio Claudio , Mincigrucci Riccardo , Pancaldi Matteo , Pedersoli Emanuele , Günther Christian , Pfau Bastian , Schneider Michael , schmising clemens , Eisebitt Stefan , Kourousias George
Published: April 2023

The possibility to obtain a three-dimensional representation of a single object with sub-μm resolution is crucial in many fields, from material science to clinical diagnostics. This is typically achieved through tomography, which combines multiple two-dimensional images of the same object captured at different orientations. However, this serial imaging method prevents single-shot acquisition in imaging experiments with free electron lasers. In the present experiment, we report on a new approach to 3D imaging using extreme-ultraviolet radiation. In this method, two EUV pulses hit simultaneously an isolated 3D object from different sides, generating independent coherent diffraction patterns, resulting in two distinct bidimensional views obtained via phase retrieval. These views are then used to obtain a 3D reconstruction using a ray tracing algorithm. This EUV stereoscopic imaging approach, similar to the natural process of binocular vision, provides sub-μm spatial resolution and single-shot capability. Moreover, ultrafast time resolution and spectroscopy can be readily implemented, and a further extension to X-ray wavelengths can be envisioned as well.
Bleaching, mortality and lengthy recovery on the coral reefs of Lord Howe Island. The 2019 marine heatwave suggests an uncertain future for high-latitude ecosystems
Authors: Moriarty Tess , Leggat William , Heron Scott F. , Steinberg Rosemary , Ainsworth Tracy D.
Published: April 2023

Oceanic thermal anomalies are increasing in both frequency and strength, causing detrimental impacts to coral reef communities. Water temperatures beyond the corals optimum threshold causeing coral bleaching and mass mortality, impacting our global coral reef ecosystems, including marginal high-latitude reefs. Coral bleaching and mortality were observed at the southernmost coral reef, Lord Howe Island Marine Park, during the summer of 2019, coinciding with anomalously high sea surface temperatures across the reef system from January-April. Here we document the extent of coral impacts within the Lord Howe Island lagoonal reef and the recovery from bleaching eight-months later. Significant differences in bleaching prevalence were observed across the lagoonal coral reef, ranging from 16 to 83% across offshore and inshore reef regions and with variable onset timing. Coral mortality of up to 40% was recorded in the reef’s most severely impacted near-shore area. The four most dominant species, Stylophora pistillata, Pocillopora damicornis, Porites spp. and Seriatopora hystrix, were the most susceptible to bleaching, with all coral colonies found either bleached or dead at the most affected inshore site during and following peak heat stress. Interestingly, during the eight-months following bleaching, there was no evidence of bleaching recovery (i.e., re-establishment of symbiosis) at the offshore lagoonal site. However, there was a significant increase in the abundance of healthy coral colonies at the inshore site, suggesting the recovery of the surviving bleached corals at this site. Importantly, we found no evidence for bleaching or mortality in the Acropora spp. and minimal bleaching and no mortality in Isopora cuneata during the study period, typically highly susceptible species. Given the isolation of high-latitude reefs such as Lord Howe Island, our results highlight the importance of understanding the impacts of bleaching, mortality and bleaching recovery on coral population structure and resilience of high-latitude coral reefs.
Trends in tropical nights and their effects on mortality in Switzerland across 50 years
Authors: Rippstein Vanessa , de Schrijver Evan , Eckert Sandra , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana M.
Published: April 2023

Increasing temperatures and more frequent and severe heat waves in Switzerland are leading to a larger heat-related health burden. Additionally, high nighttime temperatures or tropical nights (TNs) also affect the well-being of the population. We aimed to assess the spatiotemporal patterns in the frequency and the exposed population to TNs, and its mortality effect in Switzerland. We identified the TNs (minimum nighttime temperature ≥ 20°C) in each district in Switzerland using population-weighted hourly temperature series (ERA5-Land reanalysis data set) between 1970–2019. We assessed the change in the frequency of TNs and the exposed population per district and decade through a spatiotemporal analysis. We then performed a case time series analysis to estimate the TN-mortality association (controlled for the daily mean temperature) by canton and for the main 8 cities using data on all-cause mortality at the district level between 1980–2018. We found an overall increase in the annual frequency of TN (from 90 to 2113 TNs per decade) and the population exposed (from 3.7 million to over 157 million population-TN per decade) in Switzerland between 1970–2019, mainly in the cities of Lausanne, Geneva, Basel, Lugano, and Zurich, and during the last two decades. The TN-mortality association was highly heterogeneous across cantons and cities. In particular, TNs were associated with an increase of 22–37% in the risk of mortality in the cantons of Vaud (Relative risk: 1.37 (95%CI:1.19–1.59)), Zurich (1.33 (0.99–1.79)), Lucerne (1.33 (0.95–1.87)) and Solothurn (1.22 (0.88–1.69)), while a negative association was observed in Ticino (0.51 (0.37–0.7)), Basel-Land (0.4 (0.24–0.65)) and Thurgau (0.65 (0.5–0.85)), and a null association in the remaining cantons. Our findings indicate that TNs are a relevant health hazard for a large part of the Swiss population leading to potentially larger impacts in the future due to climate change and increasing urbanization.
Deep convolution neural network for screening carotid calcification in dental panoramic radiographs
Authors: Amitay Moshe , Barnett-Itzhaki Zohar , Sudri Shiran , Drori Chana , Wase Tamar , Abu-El-Naaj Imad , Ben-Ari Millie Kaplan , Rieck Merton , Avni Yossi , Pogozelich Gil , Weiss Ervin , Mosseri Morris
Published: April 2023

Ischemic stroke, a leading global cause of death and disability, is commonly caused by carotid arteries atherosclerosis. Carotid artery calcification (CAC) is a well-known marker of atherosclerosis. Such calcifications are classically detected by ultrasound screening. In recent years it was shown that these calcifications can also be inferred from routine panoramic dental radiographs. In this work, we focused on panoramic dental radiographs taken from 500 patients, manually labelling each of the patients’ sides (each radiograph was treated as two sides), which were used to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm to automatically detect carotid calcifications. The algorithm uses deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNN), with transfer learning (TL) approach that achieved true labels for each corner, and reached a sensitivity (recall) of 0.82 and a specificity of 0.97 for individual arteries, and a recall of 0.87 and specificity of 0.97 for individual patients. Applying and integrating the algorithm in healthcare units and dental clinics has the potential of reducing stroke events and their mortality and morbidity consequences.
Gender in public health research: Reflections on design and process across four research projects in low-and middle-income countries
Authors: Palmeirim Marta S. , Erismann Séverine , Leuenberger Andrea , Berger-González Monica , Mtenga Sally , Sayasone Somphou , Odermatt Peter , Prytherch Helen , Somerville Claire
Published: April 2023

A growing body of work clearly documents the gendered inequalities in health. The COVID-19 pandemic further exposed these deep inequities: men appear to be more vulnerable to poorer outcomes, but most of the global health workforce is female who are at increased risk of exposure to hospital infection. However, researchers often fail to adequately embed gender as part of the public health research. This paper reports findings from a synthesis exercise that identified some of the challenges of integrating gender in the design and processes of research studies in four projects conducted in six low- and middle-income countries. Through a collective retrospective meta-synthesis process with researchers from each project, we identified two main themes; (i) we deep dive on two of the structural pillars of conducting public health research (design and process) and (ii) we describe some of the underlying opportunities and resistances to the integration of a gender perspective in these research projects. In conclusion, we suggest that public health funding bodies require researchers to integrate gender in public health research from early on as part of the design and to conduct gendered analysis, as part of the overall drive towards more equitable health systems delivery.
Predicting activatory and inhibitory drug–target interactions based on structural compound representations and genetically perturbed transcriptomes
Authors: Lee Won-Yung , Lee Choong-Yeol , Kim Chang-Eop
Published: April 2023

A computational approach to identifying drug–target interactions (DTIs) is a credible strategy for accelerating drug development and understanding the mechanisms of action of small molecules. However, current methods to predict DTIs have mainly focused on identifying simple interactions, requiring further experiments to understand mechanism of drug. Here, we propose AI-DTI, a novel method that predicts activatory and inhibitory DTIs by combining the mol2vec and genetically perturbed transcriptomes. We trained the model on large-scale DTIs with MoA and found that our model outperformed a previous model that predicted activatory and inhibitory DTIs. Data augmentation of target feature vectors enabled the model to predict DTIs for a wide druggable targets. Our method achieved substantial performance in an independent dataset where the target was unseen in the training set and a high-throughput screening dataset where positive and negative samples were explicitly defined. Also, our method successfully rediscovered approximately half of the DTIs for drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19. These results indicate that AI-DTI is a practically useful tool for guiding drug discovery processes and generating plausible hypotheses that can reveal unknown mechanisms of drug action.
Prevalence and determinants of anxiety and stress in the general population during COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Saeed Banaz A. , Ismael Saween K. , Amin Redar Muhmed , Mahmud Nasraw Mustafa , Al-Banna Dara A. , Shabila Nazar P.
Published: April 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic and its prevention and control measures, such as social distancing, self-isolation, and quarantine, have a negative impact on the population’s mental health. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and stress among the general population during the outbreak of COVID-19 and assess their associated factors.

Methods

We carried out a cross-sectional study in Erbil governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, from July 18 to September 12, 2020. We used an online survey questionnaire to collect data from a sample of Erbil population. The 10-items Perceived Stress Scale and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale were used to measure the levels of stress and anxiety.

Results

A total of 851 persons responded to the survey. The prevalence of moderate and high perceived stress was 59.6% and 16.6%, respectively. The prevalence of moderate and severe anxiety was 24.7% and 22.7%, respectively. Age, gender, economic level, having contact with COVID-19 patients, and following COVID-19 news were independent variables significantly associated with stress levels. Age, gender, economic level, employment status, having symptoms of COVID-19, having contact with COVID-19 patients, and following COVID-19 news were independent variables significantly associated with anxiety levels.

Conclusion

A high proportion of people experienced stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Females, younger age, poor, and unemployed reported significantly higher stress and anxiety levels. There is a need to establish mechanisms at the population level to decrease the stress and anxiety risks and provide mental health coping measures in times of crisis, such as education about positive thinking, stress management programs, and the role of social support.