bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The formulation of nusantara fiqh in Indonesia
Authors: Harisudin M. Noor
Published: July 2021

This article discusses how Fiqh Nusantara, an Islamic jurisprudence in Indonesia was formed and formulated.  Data were obtained through library research, classic literature commonly used in Islamic boarding schools, fatwas of the Indonesian Council of Ulama, Nahdlatul Ulama, and Muhammadiyah. The Fiqh Nusantara contextualization in Indonesian locus – known as Fiqh Nusantara– is posed from distinctive genealogy and characteristics compared to Fiqh that has developed in the Middle East. One of the characteristics of Fiqh Nusantara is that it has strengthened the unity of the Republic of Indonesian as indicated by its various contributions in the national legal system. Additionally, it has been resulted in a dialogical process in which many fatwas developed and lived in the community. It is responsive to recent developments of fiqh and it is not derived from one school of thought. It is created through collective efforts (collective ijtihad) in the form of fiqh which is open to variety of opinions. However, Fiqh Nusantara as an Islamic law in Indonesia has not yet penetrated the domain of mahdlah (sincere worship to the God). For Fiqh Nusantara activists, it was only applicable to the changing domain of fiqh (mutaghayirat) and not to the fixed domain of fiqh (tsawabit).
Science-based Ijtihad: religious and scientific dialectic on fatwas regarding congregational worships amid the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Sodiqin Ali
Published: July 2021

The covid-19 pandemic has impacted religious practices, including Islamic practices. Islamic scholars have issued several fatwas which regulate how congregational worships should be practiced. For instance, a fatwa regulates that a worship which is supposed to be performed at a mosque collectively should be performed at home individually. The rapid spread of coronavirus becomes the primary reason for issuing this regulation. This study is a normative study which employs an usul fikih approach. The object of the study is the religious and scientific dialectic on fatwas regarding congregational worships amid the covid-19 pandemic. Data is collected by gathering fatwas issued by ulama councils around the world. The data is analyzed through a ta’lîly logic, that is a logical reasoning that is based on ‘illah (reason). This study is built upon the theory of istihsan bil maslahah, which refers to a theory about how Islamic laws can change depending on their benefits. This study presents three main findings. First, in issuing fatwas regarding the covid-19, ulama used scientific findings about the danger of coronavirus as ‘illah for changing the practice of congregational worships and employed as a lens to consider the benefit of a law. These ulama used the interrelationship model of interests (maslahah) in which preserving of soul (hifẓ an-nafs) was more important that preserving of faith (hifẓ ad-dîn). Second, the ulama methodologically combined religious method, which was based on interpretative approach, and scientific method, which was based on empirical approach. This integration of religious and scientific methods reflected doctrinal-philosophical aspect and legal-ethic aspect of the fatwas. Third, the fatwas indicated the use of functional interpretative approach towards scriptural texts, logic, and reality.
An Expert Opinion Regarding the Management of Lower Gastrointestinal Cancers During COVID-19 Outbreak in Iran: A Brief Report
Authors: Miri Seyed Rouhollah , Mahmoodzadeh Habibollah , Hadjilooei Farimah , Khoshdani Farahani Parham , Moradi Mohammad , Alemrajabi Mahdi , Memari Fereidoon
Published: July 2021

Lower gastrointestinal cancer patients, like other immunosuppressed patients, are vulnerable to develop more severe infections. Iran is one of the countries with a high incidence of COVID-19, and some modifications are needed to adjust international protocols to deal with this pandemic. Therefore, our cancer institute has implemented some changes in the current treatment guidelines. In each specialty, all members agreed to choose the minimal intervention. The members know that some recommendations may interfere with the routine best-practice recommendations and decrease the quality measures in the patient's outcome. Therefore, these recommendations are valid just in the epidemic COVID-19 situation in the country. According to the consensus of colorectal and cancer surgery professors, if a patient is a new case of rectal cancer, he or she should be referred to undergo neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. But if the patient comes eight to twelve weeks after receiving chemoradiotherapy in accordance with the COVID-19 epidemic phase, it may be possible to delay surgery. A stent can be implanted in a patient with rectal cancer who presents with obstructive symptoms, and surgery can be postponed until resolving the crisis of the COVID-19 epidemic or its downward trend. For colon cancer, we will request a thoracic spiral CT scan. If there was no evidence of pulmonary involvement with COVID-19, the patient would undergo open surgery considering the patient's health and protection tips.
Rajaie Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis Registry: Protocol for an Observational Study
Authors: Maleki Majid , Noohi Freidoun , Sadeghipour Parham , Peighambari Mohammad Mehdi , Amin Ahmad , Sameie Niloufar , Haghjoo Majid , Rezaeian Nahid , Mazloomzadeh Saeideh , Baghizadeh Elaheh , Rafiee Farnaz , Ghadrdoost Behshid
Published: July 2021

Most of the information on the natural history and management of cardiomyopathies and myocarditis in Iran has been obtained from cohort studies in a small number of patients. The prevalence of patients with cardiomyopathies referred to Rajaei Cardiovascular medical and research centers from all over the country is remarkable. Rajaie Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis Registry (RCMR) study is an observational registry of patients with four subtype of cardiomyopathy include: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), and restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) as well as myocarditis designed to determine clinical characteristics, natural history, current therapeutic approaches, response to treatment and long-term outcomes of patients with cardiomyopathy and myocarditis. Prediction of mortality and response to different treatments in these patients using artificial intelligence is another aim of this Registry. COVID 19 Myocarditis and its sequence as cardiomyopathy seem a new challenge in forthcoming years. At the baseline visit, past medical history, clinical signs/symptoms, risk factors, physical examination and family history of cardiomyopathy, current standards for diagnostic workup and clinical follow-up, and relevant electrocardiogram echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, Holter monitoring, or biomarker analyses will be checked. The outcome and results of various therapeutic approaches currently employed for patients, including implantable cardioverter defibrillator, cardiac resynchronization therapy, septal myomectomy, ablation, cardiac transplantation, and medications, will be assessed. Long-term outcomes, including the benefits and complications of therapeutic interventions, will be collected. A follow-up visit will be scheduled after 12 months for all patients, and survival status, hospitalizations, co-morbidities, medications will be assessed.
Non-Surgical Causes of Bilious Vomiting in Neonates Admitted in a Tertiary Center
Authors: Kaveh Mahbod , Nazarirad Atoosa , Noemi Diaz Diana , Eshghi Tahereh , Eftekhari Kambiz
Published: July 2021

Bilious vomiting is highly suggestive of an acute and emergent condition among neonates. The aim of this study was to investigate the non-surgical causes of bilious vomiting in neonates admitted to a tertiary center and to compare them with the surgical causes. This cross-sectional study was performed on 80 infants with bilious vomiting who were admitted at the neonatal intensive care unit of a pediatric tertiary center over two years. The demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms and signs, diagnostic assessments, and therapeutic approaches were recorded. The mean age of neonates was 9.07±8.84 days, and 55% of them were males. The most common final diagnosis was: Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC), duodenal atresia, Hirschsprung’s disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), volvulus, sepsis, meconium plug, isolated mal-rotation, metabolic abnormalities, imperforate anus, and Ladd’s bands, respectively. Abnormal findings in ultrasound and X-rays were detected in 35% and 46.3%, respectively. About half of the affected neonates were treated non-surgically. Overall, 17.5% of the patients died. Most deaths were seen in infants with NEC. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, the presence of NEC as an underlying etiology was the only predictor of neonatal death in neonates with bilious vomiting (OR=12.455, 95%CI: 1.365-113.618, P=0.025). The most common cause of bilious vomiting was NEC, followed by duodenal atresia. Half of the neonates with bilious vomiting were treated medically without operation.
Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 in human breast milk in Rafsanjan, Iran
Authors: Pourtalebi Somayeh , Ayatollahi Mousavi Seyyed Amin , Assadollahi Zahra , Mousavi Seyyed Mahdi
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Aflatoxins (AFs) are a group of highly toxic mycotoxins present both in the environment and in foodstuffs. The food of infants should be safe and free of various pollutants, including breast milk mycotoxins. This study aimed to measure the mycotoxin of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in human milk samples obtained from lactating mothers living in Rafsanjan city, Iran. 
Materials and Methods: In the current cross-sectional study, breast milk samples were collected from 150 lactating mothers in Rafsanjan city from September 2015 to April 2016 using the structured food-frequency questionnaire. The AFM1 was measured by employing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specific kits. The statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 16).
Results: The AFM1 was detected in 98 mothers (65%) with a mean concentration of 14.69±8.15 ng/kg, ranging from 5.02 to 41.25 ng/kg. The AFM1 concentration exceeded the tolerable and accepted limit promulgated by the European Union and the USA (25 ng/kg) in only 10 milk samples. Moreover, in 59 milk samples, the AFM1 concentration exceeded the limit recommended by Australia and Switzerland (10 ng/kg).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, lactating mothers and their infants are at risk of AFM1 exposure in southern Iran. Accordingly, the examination of AFM1 concentrations in lactating mothers, as a critical postnatal exposure marker of infants to this carcinogenic compound, requires further studies in various seasonal periods and different parts of Iran.
Effect of Allium cepa on LAC1 gene expression and physiological activities in Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Musavinasab-Mobarakeh Seyed Afzal , Shams-Ghahfarokhi Masoomeh , Razzaghi-Abyaneh Mehdi
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Allium cepa ethanolic extract (EAC) on Cryptococcus neoformans biological activities and LAC1 gene expression.
Materials and Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EAC was determined based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27-A4 method at a concentration range of 125- 4000 µg/ml. The EAC synergism activity was determined in combination with fluconazole (FCZ) as an antifungal azole. Laccase activity, melanin production, and cell membrane ergosterol content of C. neoformans were assessed at the 0.5× MIC concentration of EAC (1000 μg/ml) and FCZ (64μg/ml) by approved methods. The expression of the LAC1 gene was studied in the fungus exposed to 0.5× MIC concentration of EAC and FCZ using the real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results: Based on obtained results, MIC of EAC and FCZ were 2000 and 128 μg/ml,respectively. A combinatory effect was reported for FCZ and EAC by a fractional inhibitory concentration index of 0.25. The cell membrane ergosterol content was inhibited in EAC- and FCZ-treated C. neoformans by 58.25% and 49.85%, respectively.The laccase activity and melanin production were reduced in EAC-treated C. neoformans by 45.37% and 51.57%, and in FCZ-treated fungus by 54.64% and 53.68%, respectively.The expression of fungal LAC1 at messenger RNA (mRNA) level was measured 0.46 and 0.58 folds and significantly decreased in both EAC- and FCZ-treated C. neoformans at the 0.5×MIC concentration, respectively (p <0.05).
Conclusion: The findings revealed that EAC contains inhibitory compounds which interact with biological activities in C. neoformans and thereby, it could be considered as a potential source for the development of novel antifungal drugs.
First Fluconazole-resistant Candida auris isolated from fungal otitis in Iran
Authors: Taghizadeh Armaki Mojtaba , Mahdavi Omran Saeid , Kiakojuri Keyvan , Khojasteh Shaghayegh , Jafarzadeh Jalal , Tavakoli Mahin , Badali Hamid , Haghani Iman , Shokohi Tahereh , Hedayati Mohammad Taghi , Abastabar Mahdi
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Candida auris, as a new characterized pathogenic yeast,has attracted remarkable attention in the recent decade due to its rapid global emergence and multidrug resistance traits. This unique species is able to cause nosocomial outbreaks and tolerate adverse conditions; however, it has been mostly misidentified by conventional methods.
Case report: This report aimed to describe the first fluconazole-resistant case of C.auris otitis in an immunocompetent patient in Iran. The isolate showed minimum inhibitory concentration of ≥ 32 μg/ml for fluconazole; however, the patient was treated with topical clotrimazole and miconazole with no recurrence.
Conclusion: This was the second strain of C. auris isolated from otitis in Iran which was fluconazole-resistant, unlike the first Iranian isolate.
First report of chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in a patient with ovarian cancer caused by Didymella pedeiae and successful treatment with voriconazole: A case report
Authors: Raiesi Omid , Hashemi Seyed Jamal , Ibrahim Getso Muhammad , Ardi Pegah , Mohammadi Ardehali Mojtaba , Raissi Vahid , Shamsaei Sina , Borjian Boroujeni Zeinab
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Didymella pedeiae is a dematiaceous fungus that belongs to the Coelomycetes class. While species within this class are known to cause human infection, D. pedeiae had previously only been known as phytopathogens and had never been isolated from a human sample.
Case report: A 51-year-old Iranian female patient with ovarian cancer was admitted with unilateral lesions in paranasal sinuses and a five-month history of nasal obstruction,headache, postnasal drainage, swelling on the left side of the face, and orbital pain.Paranasal sinus computerized tomography scan revealed a soft tissue mass that filled the left nasal cavity, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal sinuses with more involvement in the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses. Antifungal treatment was simultaneously initiated with itraconazole+prednisolone 15 mg/day, and levofloxacin. Due to poor clinical response,IV voriconazole and amphotericin B were added to the treatment as well. The patient recovered completely after 10 weeks of therapy.
Conclusion: Here, we report the first case of human D. pedeiae infection in a patientwith ovarian cancer.
A REVIEW STUDY ON ORGANIC WASTE MANAGEMENT BY GREEN CHEMISTRY
Authors: Singh Gitika Saheb , Srinivas C.
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The review article discusses the title topic describing mostly authors' work on green chemical, photochemical and electrochemical methods for the treatment of organic wastes present in different matrices. Emphasis is mainly placed on the importance of the matrix, associated compounds and the method's selection. Methodology: Different green methods of treatment for organic waste available are reviewed with an outline of scientific principles. Different case studies, from the authors, work, involving the treatment of organic waste present in different matrices are discussed. Available green chemical, photochemical, and electrochemical methods are reviewed, and results obtained are described and discussed. The rationale behind the choice of method was discussed in detail. Laboratory to plant adoption and the considerations therein are considered. Main findings: The selection of treatment method depends on the nature of the organic waste and the matrix in which it is present. This has been brought out in the study. Advanced oxidation and electrochemical oxidation processes are practically useful methods for waste treatment and discussed with case studies. The optimization of the advanced oxidation process is still an empirical approach. It needs a sound scientific base. Applications of the work: The case studies described in the paper enable the proper choice of treatment method among several available options. The study covers the essential green chemical techniques, viz., photochemical and electrochemical techniques. The novelty of the work: Many of the organic substrates subjected to treatment study were rarely reported in the open literature. Laboratory to plant scale development and the factors involved therein have been brought in many places.
EFFICACY OF REJUVENATION OF LAKES IN BENGALURU, INDIA
Authors: Ramchandra T.V. , Sincy V , Asulabha K.S.
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: The main objective of the present work is to assess the efficacy of the restoration endeavour in Bengaluru lakes, Karnataka, India. Rapid urbanisation coupled with industrialisation in urban areas has greatly stressed the available water resources qualitatively and quantitatively. This has also resulted in the generation of enormous sewage and wastewater after independence.

Method:  Environmental monitoring of 40 restored lakes was carried out to identify the key issues and assessing water quality (physical, chemical and biological). Weighted arithmetic water quality index (WQI) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was determined using data of physicochemical parameters of lakes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) performed using PAST3 software to identify the factors responsible for variations in water quality.

Main Findings: The monitored forty lakes distributed across the three major watersheds namely Koramangala and Challaghatta valley, Vrishabhavathi valley and Hebbal valley were grouped under three different WQI status like good water quality (10%); poor water quality (37%) and very poor water quality (53%). Majority of these restored lakes has become polluted which indicates improper decontamination and poor maintenance of restored lakes.

Application of this study: This study provides vital information for policymakers to understand the gaps which helps in the course correction while implementing further rejuvenation of lakes.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The efficacy of rejuvenation was assessed through integrated cost-effective scientific approaches for the lake monitoring.  Monitoring during the pre and post rejuvenation period has aided in assessing the efficacy of rejuvenation, which is done for the first time in India.
SUSTAINABLE BIOFUEL PRODUCTION FROM ESTUARINE DIATOMS
Authors: Ramchandran T.V. , Gunasekaran Saranya
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: Microalgae with better carbon sequestration potential, higher biomass, and lipid productivity in comparison to terrestrial counterparts is emerging as a viable sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Diatoms, a subgroup of a broader category of microalgae are well-known for their role as a bio-indicator in palaeo-climatological studies across historical timelines. Understanding ecology, community structure, and habitat preference of diatoms are prerequisites for prioritizing diatom strains towards sustainable biofuel production along with value-added product extraction.

Method: Selection of appropriate strains, economically viable harvesting and environmentally sound transesterification are the challenges faced in microalgal industry. The present study focusses on understanding the variability in benthic diatom community assemblages across seasons and its affinity to different substrata at fixed sampling locations in an estuarine eco-system through field sampling for twelve months covering all seasons.

Main Findings: The results highlight the tolerance and resilience in select diatom strains in fluctuating water qualities and seasonal variations, the insights much needed during mass cultivation under open environments. Statistical data analyses revealed distinct demarcation between sensitive and tolerant species with selective habitat preferences and resilience to fluctuating environmental conditions. Variations of benthic diatom community structure across various substrata highlights substratum affinity of diatom strains. From the inferences derived through field studies, mixed consortia of diatoms were developed, monitored, and optimized for higher biomass and lipid productivity under controlled laboratory conditions.

Application of the Study: The results highlight the prospects of phyco-prospecting of indigenously grown diatom strains for sustainable biofuel production.
THE COMPARISON OF GC-MS DATA OF LEAVES OF ALOE VERA (A. BARBADENSIS MILL) PLANT GROWN IN DIFFERENT SOIL COMBINATIONS WITH CHEMICAL LAB WASTES
Authors: Rai Preeti , Chatrath Harsha
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: The main purpose of this study is to do the comparison of the chemical constituents present in the leaves of Aloe Vera (A. barbadensis Mill) plant grown in different soil combinations using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) data analysis. Plants were grown in two different combinations of soil, one in normal soil and the other in the combination of normal soil and solid chemical waste obtained from the chemistry laboratory of an educational institute. Methodology: One Aloe Vera (A. barbadensis Mill) plant was grown in normal soil without adding any compost or any fertilizer to the soil. The other plant was grown in soil, which was combined with the solid chemical waste collected from the chemistry laboratory. After observing the morphological characters of the plants, plants were studied for the chemical constituents present in them by using GC-MS data analysis technique.    Main Findings: Growth of plants depends on the soil composition, physical characters and the surrounding environment. How the variation in chemical composition of soil affects the chemical constituents of plant leaves, has been discussed in this paper. According to morphological characters the Aloe Vera (A. barbadensis Mill) plant grown with soil combined with solid chemical waste has shown better results compared with the one grown in normal soil. GC-MS results also indicated variation in the chemical constitution of plant leaves taken for the research experiment.  Applications of this study: This study has helped to understand that the soil environment and soil nutrients are largely responsible for the changes in chemical constituents of plants. This study can be applied to the other plants as well. Novelty/Originality of this study: In place of fertilizers, solid chemical waste from the laboratory was used for the research purpose. The method is useful and if implemented on a large scale, will help to curb pollution caused by educational institutes to some extent. This kind of research is not done previously by any other researcher.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF BIRD'S VALLEY, PUNE QUARRY WATER AND DRINKING WATER
Authors: Kokcha Shashikala , Chatrath Harsha
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: The purpose behind this study is to get the knowledge of the range of physicochemical parameters of the Bird's valley, Pune quarry water in comparison with the drinking water.

Methodology: With the help of clean and sterilized polyethylene bottles of 1 liter capacity have been used for the collection of quarry water. Total 21 physico-chemical parameters have been analyzed and compared with the values for the drinking water. Analysis of water is carried out in the laboratory with the help of standard methods and techniques.

Main Findings: Presence of mercury in quarry water is very much high i-e 0.006 mg/liter and coli form bacteria are also numerous in count.

Applications of this study: This study gives us the idea about the range of the parameters of quarry water in comparison with drinking water and after the suitable treatment it could be converted into drinking water or not.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Till the date no work has been done on quarry water like this, present study will help us to understand whether the quarry water could be used as a potable water or not.
THE CHARACTER OF LEADERSHIP IN HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT: A CRITICAL REVIEW
Authors: Widyatmoko Widi Fajar , Pabbajah Mustaqim , Widyanti Ratri Nurina
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: This study aims at describing the concept of leadership, exploring the relationship between leadership and characters in human resource management, and analyzing critically how the character in leadership becomes an essential factor in developing the quality of human resources in an organization or in an institution. Methodology: This article is descriptive qualitative research using observational data supported by literature studies. The data were collected by observing cases related to leadership character in human resources. Besides, online literature studies were also conducted to map supporting data related to leadership character in human resources. Data were analyzed using a descriptive critical review. Main findings: This study showed three tendencies on the character of leadership in an organization. Those are, (a) Character understanding and implementation in leadership practice to manage human resources. The leader character becomes exemplary in managing the human resources in an organization. (b) A leader character is manifested in his leadership characters to manage the human resources of the organization. A leader's individual character has the potential to influence his employee’s characters. (c) Character in leadership becomes the main factor in affecting the development of human resources quality in a certain organization. Implications: The development of human resources quality in an organization or in an institution could be well-established through the implementation of the three lead characters as found in this study, i.e., exemplary, spirituality, and ethics. Novelty/Originality of this study: In fact, the three characters of the leadership; exemplary, spirituality, and ethics are not only becoming the major instruments in developing the quality of the human resources in an organization or in an institution and but also being the basic and the fundamental needs that a leader must have in organizing and leading an organization or an institution.
IMAGE PROCESSING OF ANDROID-BASED PATROL ROBOT FEATURING AUTOMATIC LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION
Authors: Madhan S. , Pradeep M.
Published: July 2021

This work develops an Android-based robot featuring automatic license plate recognition and automatic license plate patrolling. The automatic license plate recognition feature combines 4 self-developed novel methods, Wiener deconvolution vertical edge enhancement, AdaBoost plus vertical-edge license plate detection, vertical edge projection histogram segmentation stain removal, and customized optical character recognition. Besides, the automatic license plate patrolling feature also integrates 3 novel methods, HL2-band rough license plate detection, orientated license plate approaching, and Ad-Hoc-based remote motion control. Implementation results show the license plate detection rate and recognition rate of the Android-based robot are over 99% and over 98%, respectively, under various scene conditions. Especially, the execution time of license plate recognition, including license plate detection, is only about 0.7 second per frame on the Android-based robot.
DESTINATION IMAGE ANALYSIS AND ITS STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS: A LITERATURE REVIEW FROM 1990 TO 2019
Authors: Huang Ren-Yi , Chang Wen-Jung , Chang Chiung-Yun
Published: July 2021

Purpose of the study: "Image" not only exists in the market of consumer goods as well as tourism but also is the criteria usually used by consumers to make decisions. However, little literature is concerned with a comprehensive analysis of its development trajectory, application domains, and strategic implications. This study aims at conducting an extensive review of DI's current literature to examine the key concept of consumer behaviors.

Methodology: Based on Scopus, this paper surveys the development trajectory of destination image using a literature review with the solo keyword “destination image” from 1990 to 2019.

Main findings: The findings indicate that the development of destination image begins in 1995 and the overall growth is steady and strong. There are three development waves, such as 2002-2007, 2008-2013, and 2015-2019. These 908 articles were scattered across 182 different journals. Besides, all these keywords related to counties/areas are mostly equipped with tourism competitiveness as well.

Applications of this study: This study reveals five problem domains of destination image including environment and government, destinations, tourists, culture, and others, respectively. This would call the attention of the executives and authorities concerned with environmental sustainability, adaptability/responsiveness of strategies, destination competitiveness, capabilities development, resource allocation, and tourist behavior (e.g., decision-making and post-purchase intention).

Originality/Value: Based on the nexus between “environment-destination-tourist”, this study proposed a strategic map of DI to future researchers and field workers of great interests to operationalize and conceptualize its coverage.
LIFECOMP: El Marco de Referencia Europeo para la competencia personal, social y de a aprender a aprender. Relevancia en el contexto de la Covid-19
Authors: Cabrera Giráldez Marcelino
Published: July 2021

Respetando el principio de la subsidiariedad, la Unión Europea promueve las competencias clave para el aprendizaje permanente. Una de las ocho que enunció el Consejo Europeo en su Recomendación de 2018 sobre competencias clave es la competencia ‘Personal, Social y de Aprender a aprender’. LifeComp es el marco conceptual europeo para esta competencia, que establece las tres áreas y las nueve subcompetencias que la componen: Autorregulación, Flexibilidad y Bienestar (Área personal); Empatía, Comunicación y Colaboración (Área social); Mentalidad de crecimiento, Pensamiento crítico y Gestión del aprendizaje (Aprender a aprender). El marco conceptual fue publicado en junio de 2020. Tener las competencias enunciadas por LifeComp se ha mostrado de particular relevancia en el contexto de la pandemia de la Covid-19. Describimos el marco y damos algunas indicaciones sobre su potencial para los ciudadanos tanto ahora como en la postpandemia.

Recibido: 29.05.2021Aceptado: 18.06.2021
Datos, datos, datos: el dato personal, el dato no personal, el dato personal compuesto, la anonimización, la pertenencia del dato y otras cuestiones sobre datos
Authors: Polo Roca Andoni
Published: July 2021

La protección de datos resulta un ámbito en constante crecimiento, debido a las nuevas tecnologías y los peligros que éstas suponen para nuestra privacidad. Como núcleo de la protección de datos, tenemos precisamente eso: el «dato personal». Pero, ¿qué es un dato personal? La respuesta la encontramos en el RGPD, pero es posible que la definición jurídica no cubra todos los datos que sí debería. A ello se le añaden la doctrina del TJUE o la doctrina del TEDH en relación a los «datos relativos a la vida privada y familiar». Junto a ello nos aparecerá, asimismo, el «dato no personal» que también ha sido definido por el Derecho de la UE, y que están fuera de la aplicación del RGPD, pero ¿tienen alguna protección? En ese ámbito irrumpirán los llamados metadatos, que son datos no personales per se, pero que pueden suponer una amenaza a la privacidad. Por ello, el TJUE hizo unos pronunciamientos de gran relevancia respecto a esos «datos no personales» (técnicamente), que han derivado en lo que se puede denominar como la teoría del «dato personal compuesto» o «teoría del perfil», un dato que es al mismo tiempo personal y no personal (híbrido); ello unido a la combinación de datos y a la agregación de datos. En todo ello, también, deberemos tener presente la seudonimización y la anonimización, pero especialmente la posibilidad de reidentificar a una persona. Y, por último, es necesario abordar el análisis relativo a la pertenencia del dato personal y su comercialización, respondiendo para ello a dos preguntas: ¿de quién es el dato?, y ¿son nuestros datos objetos de comercio?

Recibido: 11.01.2021Aceptado: 18.06.2021
Tomás Vidal Marin, La impugnación de disposiciones sin fuerza de ley y resoluciones de las Comunidad Autónomas prevista en el artículo 161.2 de la Constitución
Authors: Ruiz Dorado Maria
Published: July 2021

Resulta grato dar la bienvenida a nuevas obras que destacan la calidad jurídica de la doctrina constitucional española. Es para mi un honor poder hacer una recensión de esta obra del Profesor Tomás Vidal Marín puesto que es una de las personas que me ha visto crecer y madurar académicamente.

Espero encarecidamente que este trabajo cumpla con sus expectativas y que no desmerezca a lo que anticipo que es una gran obra de suma importancia en los tiempos que corren (sobre todo a raíz del caso catalán).
Making Sense of Sensemaking: Understanding How K–12 Teachers and Coaches React to Visual Analytics
Authors: Campos Fabio C. , Ahn June , DiGiacomo Daniela K. , Nguyen Ha , Hays Maria
Published: July 2021

With the spread of learning analytics (LA) dashboards in K--12 schools, educators are increasingly expected to make sense of data to inform instruction. However, numerous features of school settings, such as specialized vantage points of educators, may lead to different ways of looking at data. This observation motivates the need to carefully observe and account for the ways data sensemaking occurs, and how it may differ across K--12 professional roles. Our mixed-methods study reports on interviews and think-aloud sessions with middle-school mathematics teachers and instructional coaches from four districts in the United States. By exposing educators to an LA dashboard, we map their varied reactions to visual data and reveal prevalent sensemaking patterns. We find that emotional, analytical, and intentional responses inform educators’ sensemaking and that different roles at the school afford unique vantage points toward data. Based on these findings, we offer a typology for representing sensemaking in a K--12 school context and reflect on how to expand visual LA process models.
Pesquisa Artística: um breve panorama
Authors: CERQUEIRA DANIEL LEMOS
Published: July 2021

Artigo sobre a pesquisa artística como método de investigação no meio acadêmico. Parte-se de um panorama internacional com pesquisadores destacados no tema, sucedido de um breve retrospecto histórico sobre a natureza do método científico na academia. Apresenta-se em seguida o conceito de pesquisa artística e as dualidades pesquisa sobre artes e pesquisa através das artes, bem como conceitos associados ao tema. Conclusões apontam para uma longa trajetória até o estabelecimento da pesquisa artística no meio acadêmico.Palavras-chave: Arte. Metodologia da pesquisa. Pesquisa artística. Método científico. Interdisciplinaridade. Artistic Research: a brief reviewABSTRACTThis work aims to study briefly artistic research on the academy. There is a presentation regarding the international scenario on the subject, along with outlined researchers, followed by a short historical description of the scientific method on the academy along with its establishment. In follow, there is an explanation regarding the concept of artistic research and its two divisions – research on the arts and research in the arts – with some relevant concepts related to the topic. Conclusions point to an extense path until the establishment of artistic research on the academic world.Keywords: Art. Research Methodology. Artistic Research. Scientific Method. Interdisciplinary.
Zatrudnienie i wynagrodzenie w sektorze przedsiębiorstw w województwie łódzkim
Authors: Nyk Mariusz
Published: July 2021

Zatrudnienie jest umową między dwiema stronami, pierwszą będącą pracodawcą i drugą zwaną pracownikiem. Stosunek między obiema stronami regulowany jest Kodeksem Pracy. W ujęciu prawnym zatrudnienie stanowi o wykonywaniu pracy, zarówno na własny rachunek jak i pracę zleconą wykonywaną na rzecz pracodawcy. Zatem semantyka prawnicza utożsamia zatrudnienie z zasobem pracujących. W ujęciu ekonomicznym pracodawca organizuje pracę, przeważnie z zamiarem tworzenia zysku, a pracownik stanowi siłę roboczą do tego przedsięwzięcia, otrzymując w rewanżu wynagrodzenie. Jednakże esencją tej definicji jest wynagrodzenie, z którego – w myśl Art. 22. § 1, Kodeks Pracy – nie można zrezygnować. Pozwala to traktować płacę jako wyznacznik ceny za pracę w wolnorynkowej gospodarce. Z powyższego wynika, że pomiędzy zatrudnieniem jak i wynagrodzeniem powinna istnieć silna zależność w każdym sektorze oraz sekcji gospodarki narodowej. Celem opracowania jest charakterystyka zatrudnienia i wynagrodzenia w województwie łódzkim w latach 2004–2010. Ponadto podjęta zostanie próba przedstawienie kierunku oraz stopnia zależność pomiędzy tymi istotnymi kategoriami ekonomicznymi w województwie łódzkim, będącymi pochodną koniunktury gospodarczej. Istotną częścią opracowania jest wyodrębnienie wahań sezonowych zarówno dla zmiennej egzogenicznej (zatrudnienie) jak i zmiennej endogenicznej (przeciętne, realne wynagrodzenie brutto) w regionie łódzkim.
Innowacyjność przedsiębiorstw przemysłu spożywczego w Polsce
Authors: Grzelak Maria
Published: July 2021

Struktura gospodarcza i społeczna, tradycje, a przede wszystkim potencjał ekonomiczny przemysłu spożywczego w Polsce wskazują, że ta dziedzina przetwórstwa przemysłowego ma szansę na międzynarodowy sukces ekonomiczny. Ważne jest w związku z tym prowadzenie badań przedsiębiorstw w zakresie wdrażania innowacji technologicznych, organizacyjnych i marketingowych, w celu utrzymania, a nawet poprawy zdobytej pozycji konkurencyjnej na krajowych i światowych rynkach. Działalność innowacyjna przedsiębiorstw przemysłu spożywczego przebiega w różnym tempie, zależnym m.in. od kierunku działalności przetwórczej (branży). Celem prezentowanego badania jest próba syntetycznej oceny innowacyjności poszczególnych branż przemysłu spożywczego w Polsce w 2008 roku.
Management of Horn Gore Injury of Vagina in a Buffalo: A Case Report
Authors:   College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India– 517502, Kumar K. Manoj
Published: July 2021

A 6 year old murrah buffalo weighing around 350 kg was presented with the complaint of lacerated wound in the vagina resulted after horn gore injury since eight hours. The area around the injury was debrided and wound was flushed properly with normal saline followed by washing with povidone iodine (5%). After stabilizing the animal, lacerated wound was closed in routine manner. The buffalo had an uneventful recovery.
Performance of Growth Parameters on Level of Growth Substance and Plant Densities of Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandifloras L.) cv. Snow Princess - A Review
Authors:   AKS University Satna (M.P.) 485001, Nag Khiromani
Published: July 2021

The results of the experiment showed use of gibberellic acid and plant spacing’s has been significantly. Highly influence on the most parameters such as height of plant, number of leaves plant-1 and number of branches plant-1 was the significant on higher amount of gibberellic acid and wider spacing’s.
Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Lifestyle and Well Being of Population
Authors:   Department of Food & Nutrition, Food Science & Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow-226025, Uttar Pradesh, India, Sanjeet Kuril
Published: July 2021

The worldwide catastrophe that has erupted in response to the transmission of COVID-19 has sparked a number of concerns regarding the effect of the lockdown on people with mental health issues and unhealthy lifestyle. The dataset provided here is an evaluation of the mental anguish reported by persons in India after lockdown was implemented as a strategy to stop the spreading of the Coronavirus. The data was gathered by an online survey that included a 9-item socio-demographic question and perhaps even the implementation of the quick summary of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12 items) created by the University of Michigan (Goldberg, 1972). The data was collected between May 6th and 15th, 2020, during India's third stage of lockdown. The Google documents comprising the study's questions were distributed to the general community via emails & social media platforms such as WhatsApp and Facebook. As a result, individuals who took the time to fill out the completed questionnaires were counted as survey respondents. The information is useful for determining the extent and severity of psychological suffering experienced by Indians throughout the COVID-19 crisis. It could also be beneficial to the country.
Gene Action Studies in the Inheritance of Yield and Quality Attributing Traits in Diallel Cross of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors:   College of Agriculture, JAU, Junagadh, Gujarat, 362001, Zapadiya V. J.
Published: July 2021

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the 45 F1 hybrids derived from 10×10 half diallel fashion along with ten parents and one standard check GN.Cot.Hy-14 were sown in randomized block design with three replications during kharif -2017 at Cotton Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. The genetic components of variation were determined for 12 characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to 50% boll opening, plant height (cm), number of monopodia per plant, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight (g), seed cotton yield per plant (g), ginning percentage (%), seed index (g), lint index (g) and oil percentage (%).The estimate of the components of variation revealed significant results for both additive (D) as well as dominance effects (H1 and H2) for all the characters except plant height non-significant H2 component, but in majority of traits (except plant height, lint index) H1 was higher than D indicating dominance components were important in the inheritance of seed cotton yield and its components. The average degree of dominance (H1/D)1/2 was found to be more than unity for all the traits (except plant height, number of monopodia per plant and lint index indicating partial dominance) indicating over dominance. Asymmetrical distribution of positive and negative genes in the parents was observed for all the traits. High estimates of heritability in narrow sense was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to 50 % boll bursting, number of monopodia per plant, ginning percentage (%), lint index (g) and oil content (%) suggesting that selection based on these attribute would lead to rapid improvement. Due to preponderance of non-additive gene effects of seed cotton yield per plant and most of its component traits, heterosis breeding would also be practically feasible in cotton.
Investigation of Primary School Teacher Readiness in Online Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wahyuni Esa Nur , Aziz Rahmat , Wargadinata Wildana , Efiyanti Alfiana Yuli
Published: July 2021

Changing the learning system during the pandemic period from offline to online requires teachers' readiness, including elementary school teachers. Demands for mastery of technology in learning and the characteristics of elementary school students who need direct guidance in learning are teachers' problems. However, not all primary school teachers are ready for technology-based online learning. This study aims to investigate the readiness of primary school teachers in online learning in terms of three aspects, namely cognitive (knowledge and perception), affective (emotional condition), and moral (skills). The research method uses a mixed-method with data collection techniques using a questionnaire deepened by interviews. The research respondents were 22 elementary school teachers in Tlekung village, Junrejo district, Batu City. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis and qualitative analysis. The results showed that the teacher had a low readiness to carry out online learning in general. The level of primary school teachers' readiness to carry out online learning still needs to be improved, especially in the knowledge and skills factor by providing online learning training experiences.
MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN TANAH WAKAF DI KECAMATAN KEMUNING KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Alfarisi Muhammad Salman , Kumala Destiana
Published: July 2021

Waqf is an Islamic religious teaching that aims to build prosperity and develop an advanced civilization. The type of research used by researchers in this study is qualitative research, namely field research conducted by interview, observation, and describing facts in the field. The results of this study indicate that waqf land in Kemuning District, Palembang City is used for the establishment of a tahfidz foundation and mosque construction, as well as for school operations. According to a review of Islamic law in the management of waqf land in Kemuning District, Palembang City, it does not conflict with Islamic law. This can be seen from the business carried out that there is nothing that is contrary to Islamic law and in its implementation there are no elements that are forbidden. In the future, it is necessary to provide education about waqf, especially productive waqf, to nadzir in Kemuning Subdistrict, Palembang City so that its management is more optimal in developing waqf assets productively. Ministry of Religion agencies must actively provide counseling and coordinate with the Land Office, Nadzir, and PPAIW so that their roles and functions can run optimally so that they can increase productive waqf land in Kemuning District, Palembang City.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PENDAPATAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (STUDI KASUS INDUSTRI RUMAHAN KEMPLANG DI WILAYAH JAKABARING PALEMBANG)
Authors: Jannati Nur Sindi , Rusdi M , Melis Melis
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine and analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the income of the cracker/kemplang home industry in the Jakabaring District, Palembang City. The analytical method used in this research is a qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, discussions with business actors and from several sources of other articles. From the research that has been carried out, it is found that the cracker/kemplang home industry continues to run its business, and the income earned by the cracker/kemplang home industry tends to be stable even in the Covid-19 pandemic situation. The factor that supports the traders to keep doing business is the awareness to continue to struggle to meet the needs of their daily lives. There are several attempts by business actors to increase an income, such as by adapting to market changes, providing good service to consumers and paying attention to the quality of goods to be sold to consumers.