bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pregnant nurses’ experiences of working shifts: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Ooshige Narumi , Matsunaka Eriko , Ueki Shingo
Published: August 2022

Objective:

The proposed systematic review will synthesize the experiences of nurses working in any shifts during pregnancy.

Introduction:

Nurses are among the most burdened health care workers and are at risk of diseases of the circulatory system due to prolonged standing. For pregnant nurses, this could reduce blood circulation and blood flow to the uterus and placenta. Contributing factors include long working hours and frequent heavy lifting, which may induce uterine contractions and premature birth; irregular shifts, which exacerbate fatigue; and high levels of psychosocial stress. There is no qualitative evidence as to what nurses are experiencing while working shifts when pregnant. This review will evaluate and integrate the current available findings related to the experience of shift-working nurses who are pregnant.

Inclusion criteria:

This review will include qualitative studies focusing on the experience of shift work among pregnant nurses. No language or date limits will be applied. All types of pregnancy among nurses will be included.

Methods:

The databases to be searched will include CINAHL (EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), and Igaku Chuo Zasshi (the Japan Medical Abstracts Society). Sources of gray literature will include MedNar and DANS, as well as the websites of the American Nurses Association and the Japanese Nursing Association. Study selection, critical appraisal, data extraction, and data synthesis will be performed independently by 2 reviewers. The synthesized findings will be graded according to the ConQual approach for establishing confidence in findings.

Systematic review registration:

PROSPERO CRD42022309674
Ultrasonographic diagnosis of occulted costal cartilage junction fracture
Authors: Lin Hong-Yi , Tsai Su-Ju
Published: August 2022

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Ordered domains in sheared dense suspensions: The link to viscosity and the disruptive effect of friction
Authors: Goyal Abhay , Del Gado Emanuela , Jones Scott Z. , Martys Nicos S.
Published: August 2022

Monodisperse suspensions of Brownian colloidal spheres crystallize at high densities, and ordering under shear has been observed at densities below the crystallization threshold. We perform large-scale simulations of a model suspension containing over 105 particles to quantitatively study the ordering under shear and to investigate its link to the rheological properties of the suspension. We find that at high rates, for Pe>1, the shear flow induces an ordering transition that significantly decreases the measured viscosity. This ordering is analyzed in terms of the development of layering and planar order, and we determine that particles are packed into hexagonal crystal layers (with numerous defects) that slide past each other. By computing local ψ6 and ψ4 order parameters, we determine that the defects correspond to chains of particles in a squarelike lattice. We compute the individual particle contributions to the stress tensor and discover that the largest contributors to the shear stress are primarily located in these lower density, defect regions. The defect structure enables the formation of compressed chains of particles to resist the shear, but these chains are transient and short-lived. The inclusion of a contact friction force allows the stress-bearing structures to grow into a system-spanning network, thereby disrupting the order and drastically increasing the suspension viscosity.
Inheritance of somatic mutations by animal offspring
Authors: Vasquez Kuntz Kate L. , Kitchen Sheila A. , Conn Trinity L. , Vohsen Samuel A. , Chan Andrea N. , Vermeij Mark J. A. , Page Christopher , Marhaver Kristen L. , Baums Iliana B.
Published: August 2022

Since 1892, it has been widely assumed that somatic mutations are evolutionarily irrelevant in animals because they cannot be inherited by offspring. However, some nonbilaterians segregate the soma and germline late in development or never, leaving the evolutionary fate of their somatic mutations unknown. By investigating uni- and biparental reproduction in the coral
Acropora palmata
(Cnidaria, Anthozoa), we found that uniparental, meiotic offspring harbored 50% of the 268 somatic mutations present in their parent. Thus, somatic mutations accumulated in adult coral animals, entered the germline, and were passed on to swimming larvae that grew into healthy juvenile corals. In this way, somatic mutations can increase allelic diversity and facilitate adaptation across habitats and generations in animals.
Endothelial versus pronephron fate decision is modulated by the transcription factors Cloche/Npas4l, Tal1, and Lmo2
Authors: Mattonet Kenny , Riemslagh Fréderike W. , Guenther Stefan , Prummel Karin D. , Kesavan Gokul , Hans Stefan , Ebersberger Ingo , Brand Michael , Burger Alexa , Reischauer Sven , Mosimann Christian , Stainier Didier Y. R.
Published: August 2022

Endothelial specification is a key event during embryogenesis; however, when, and how, endothelial cells separate from other lineages is poorly understood. In zebrafish, Npas4l is indispensable for endothelial specification by inducing the expression of the transcription factor genesetsrp,tal1, andlmo2. We generated a knock-in reporter in zebrafishnpas4lto visualize endothelial progenitors and their derivatives in wild-type and mutant embryos. Unexpectedly, we find that innpas4lmutants,npas4lreporter–expressing cells contribute to the pronephron tubules. Single-cell transcriptomics and live imaging of the early lateral plate mesoderm in wild-type embryos indeed reveals coexpression of endothelial and pronephron markers, a finding confirmed by creERT2-based lineage tracing. Increased contribution ofnpas4lreporter–expressing cells to pronephron tubules is also observed intal1andlmo2mutants and is reversed innpas4lmutants injected withtal1mRNA. Together, these data reveal that Npas4l/Tal1/Lmo2 regulate the fate decision between the endothelial and pronephron lineages.
When self comes to a wandering mind: Brain representations and dynamics of self-generated concepts in spontaneous thought
Authors: Kim Lux Byeol , Andrews-Hanna Jessica R. , Han Jihoon , Lee Eunjin , Woo Choong-Wan
Published: August 2022

Self-relevant concepts are major building blocks of spontaneous thought, and their dynamics in a natural stream of thought are likely to reveal one’s internal states that are important for mental health. Here, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment (
n
= 62) to examine brain representations and dynamics of self-generated concepts in the context of spontaneous thought using a newly developed free association–based thought sampling task. The dynamics of conceptual associations were predictive of individual differences in general negative affectivity, replicating across multiple datasets (
n
= 196). Reflecting on self-generated concepts strongly engaged brain regions linked to autobiographical memory, conceptual processes, emotion, and autonomic regulation, including the medial prefrontal and medial temporal subcortical structures. Multivariate pattern–based predictive modeling revealed that the neural representations of valence became more person-specific as the level of perceived self-relevance increased. Overall, this study sheds light on how self-generated concepts in spontaneous thought construct inner affective states and idiosyncrasies.
Encoding of social novelty by sparse GABAergic neural ensembles in the prelimbic cortex
Authors: Zhao Zhe , Zeng Fengqingyang , Wang Hanbin , Wu Runlong , Chen Liping , Wu Yan , Li Shen , Shao Jingyuan , Wang Yao , Wu Junjie , Feng Zhiheng , Gao Weizheng , Hu Yanhui , Wang Aimin , Cheng Heping , Zhang Jue , Chen Liangyi , Wu Haitao
Published: August 2022

Although the prelimbic (PrL) area is associated with social behaviors, the neural ensembles that regulate social preference toward novelty or familiarity remain unknown. Using miniature two-photon microscopy (mTPM) to visualize social behavior–associated neuronal activity within the PrL in freely behaving mice, we found that the Ca
2+
transients of GABAergic neurons were more highly correlated with social behaviors than those of glutamatergic neurons. Chemogenetic suppression of social behavior–activated GABAergic neurons in the PrL disrupts social novelty behaviors. Restoring the MeCP2 level in PrL GABAergic neurons in
MECP2
transgenic (
MECP2
-TG) mice rescues the social novelty deficits. Moreover, we identified and characterized sparsely distributed NewPNs and OldPNs of GABAergic interneurons in the PrL preferentially responsible for new and old mouse exploration, respectively. Together, we propose that social novelty information may be encoded by the responses of NewPNs and OldPNs in the PrL area, possibly via synergistic actions on both sides of the seesaw.
A lysosomal regulatory circuit essential for the development and function of microglia
Authors: Iyer Harini , Shen Kimberle , Meireles Ana M. , Talbot William S.
Published: August 2022

As the primary phagocytic cells of the central nervous system, microglia exquisitely regulate their lysosomal activity to facilitate brain development and homeostasis. However, mechanisms that coordinate lysosomal activity with microglia development, chemotaxis, and function remain unclear. Here, we show that embryonic macrophages require the lysosomal guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) RagA and the GTPase-activating protein Folliculin to colonize the brain in zebrafish. We demonstrate that embryonic macrophages inrragamutants show increased expression of lysosomal genes but display significant down-regulation of immune- and chemotaxis-related genes. Furthermore, we find that RagA and Folliculin repress the key lysosomal transcription factor Tfeb and its homologs Tfe3a and Tfe3b in the macrophage lineage. Using RNA sequencing, we establish that Tfeb and Tfe3 are required for activation of lysosomal target genes under conditions of stress but not for basal expression of lysosomal pathways. Collectively, our data define a lysosomal regulatory circuit essential for macrophage development and function in vivo.
Mars Oxygen ISRU Experiment (MOXIE)—Preparing for human Mars exploration
Authors: Hoffman Jeffrey A. , Hecht Michael H. , Rapp Donald , Hartvigsen Joseph J. , SooHoo Jason G. , Aboobaker Asad M. , McClean John B. , Liu Andrew M. , Hinterman Eric D. , Nasr Maya , Hariharan Shravan , Horn Kyle J. , Meyen Forrest E. , Okkels Harald , Steen Parker , Elangovan Singaravelu , Graves Christopher R. , Khopkar Piyush , Madsen Morten B. , Voecks Gerald E. , Smith Peter H. , Skafte Theis L. , Araghi Koorosh R. , Eisenman David J.
Published: August 2022

MOXIE [Mars Oxygen In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Experiment] is the first demonstration of ISRU on another planet, producing oxygen by solid oxide electrolysis of carbon dioxide in the martian atmosphere. A scaled-up MOXIE would contribute to sustainable human exploration of Mars by producing on-site the tens of tons of oxygen required for a rocket to transport astronauts off the surface of Mars, instead of having to launch hundreds of tons of material from Earth’s surface to transport the required oxygen to Mars. MOXIE has produced oxygen seven times between landing in February 2021 and the end of 2021 and will continue to demonstrate oxygen production during night and day throughout all martian seasons. This paper reviews what MOXIE has accomplished and the implications for larger-scale oxygen-producing systems.
Magnetically actuated gearbox for the wireless control of millimeter-scale robots
Authors: Hong Chong , Ren Ziyu , Wang Che , Li Mingtong , Wu Yingdan , Tang Dewei , Hu Wenqi , Sitti Metin
Published: August 2022

The limited force or torque outputs of miniature magnetic actuators constrain the locomotion performances and functionalities of magnetic millimeter-scale robots. Here, we present a magnetically actuated gearbox with a maximum size of 3 millimeters for driving wireless millirobots. The gearbox is assembled using microgears that have reference diameters down to 270 micrometers and are made of aluminum-filled epoxy resins through casting. With a magnetic disk attached to the input shaft, the gearbox can be driven by a rotating external magnetic field, which is not more than 6.8 millitesla, to produce torque of up to 0.182 millinewton meters at 40 hertz. The corresponding torque and power densities are 12.15 micronewton meters per cubic millimeter and 8.93 microwatt per cubic millimeter, respectively. The transmission efficiency of the gearbox in the air is between 25.1 and 29.2% at actuation frequencies ranging from 1 to 40 hertz, and it lowers when the gearbox is actuated in viscous liquids. This miniature gearbox can be accessed wirelessly and integrated with various functional modules to repeatedly generate large actuation forces, strains, and speeds; store energy in elastic components; and lock up mechanical linkages. These characteristics enable us to achieve a peristaltic robot that can crawl on a flat substrate or inside a tube, a jumping robot with a tunable jumping height, a clamping robot that can sample solid objects by grasping, a needle-puncture robot that can take samples from the inside of the target, and a syringe robot that can collect or release liquids.
Phenotypic drug screen uncovers the metabolic GCH1/BH4 pathway as key regulator of EGFR/KRAS-mediated neuropathic pain and lung cancer
Authors: Cronin Shane J. F. , Rao Shuan , Tejada Miguel A. , Turnes Bruna Lenfers , Licht-Mayer Simon , Omura Takao , Brenneis Christian , Jacobs Emily , Barrett Lee , Latremoliere Alban , Andrews Nick , Channon Keith M. , Latini Alexandra , Arvanites Anthony C. , Davidow Lance S. , Costigan Michael , Rubin Lee L. , Penninger Josef M. , Woolf Clifford J.
Published: August 2022

Increased tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) generated in injured sensory neurons contributes to increased pain sensitivity and its persistence. GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo BH4 synthetic pathway, and human single-nucleotide polymorphism studies, together with mouse genetic modeling, have demonstrated that decreased GCH1 leads to both reduced BH4 and pain. However, little is known about the regulation of
Gch1
expression upon nerve injury and whether this could be modulated as an analgesic therapeutic intervention. We performed a phenotypic screen using about 1000 bioactive compounds, many of which are target-annotated FDA-approved drugs, for their effect on regulating
Gch1
expression in rodent injured dorsal root ganglion neurons. From this approach, we uncovered relevant pathways that regulate
Gch1
expression in sensory neurons. We report that EGFR/KRAS signaling triggers increased
Gch1
expression and contributes to neuropathic pain; conversely, inhibiting EGFR suppressed GCH1 and BH4 and exerted analgesic effects, suggesting a molecular link between EGFR/KRAS and pain perception. We also show that GCH1/BH4 acts downstream of KRAS to drive lung cancer, identifying a potentially druggable pathway. Our screen shows that pharmacologic modulation of GCH1 expression and BH4 could be used to develop pharmacological treatments to alleviate pain and identified a critical role for EGFR-regulated GCH1/BH4 expression in neuropathic pain and cancer in rodents.
A targetable pathway in neutrophils mitigates both arterial and venous thrombosis
Authors: Nayak Lalitha , Sweet David R. , Thomas Asha , Lapping Stephanie D. , Kalikasingh Kenneth , Madera Annmarie , Vinayachandran Vinesh , Padmanabhan Roshan , Vasudevan Neelakantan T. , Myers Jay T. , Huang Alex Y. , Schmaier Alvin , Mackman Nigel , Liao Xudong , Maiseyeu Andrei , Jain Mukesh K.
Published: August 2022

Arterial and venous thrombosis constitutes a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Long considered as distinct entities, accumulating evidence indicates that arterial and venous thrombosis can occur in the same populations, suggesting that common mechanisms are likely operative. Although hyperactivation of the immune system is a common forerunner to the genesis of thrombotic events in both vascular systems, the key molecular control points remain poorly understood. Consequently, antithrombotic therapies targeting the immune system for therapeutics gain are lacking. Here, we show that neutrophils are key effectors of both arterial and venous thrombosis and can be targeted through immunoregulatory nanoparticles. Using antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) as a model for arterial and venous thrombosis, we identified the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) as a key regulator of neutrophil activation. Upon activation through genetic loss of KLF2 or administration of antiphospholipid antibodies, neutrophils clustered P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) by cortical actin remodeling, thereby increasing adhesion potential at sites of thrombosis. Targeting clustered PSGL-1 using nanoparticles attenuated neutrophil-mediated thrombosis in APS and KLF2 knockout models, illustrating the importance and feasibility of targeting activated neutrophils to prevent pathological thrombosis. Together, our results demonstrate a role for activated neutrophils in both arterial and venous thrombosis and identify key molecular events that serve as potential targets for therapeutics against diverse causes of immunothrombosis.
Plakoglobin and High-Mobility Group Box 1 Mediate Intestinal Epithelial Cell Apoptosis Induced by Clostridioides difficile TcdB
Authors: Li Yingxue , Xu Wei , Ren Yutian , Cheung Hung-Chi , Huang Panpan , Kaur Guneet , Kuo Chih-Jung , McDonough Sean P. , Fubini Susan L. , Lipkin Stephen M. , Deng Xin , Chang Yung-Fu , Huang Linfeng
Published: August 2022

Clostridioides difficile
infection (CDI) is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea. Toxins, especially TcdB, cause epithelial cell apoptosis, but the underlying cell death mechanism is less clear.
Acetylation of Lactate Dehydrogenase Negatively Regulates the Acidogenicity of Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Ma Qizhao , Pan Yangyang , Chen Yang , Yu Shuxing , Huang Jun , Liu Yaqi , Gong Tao , Zhang Qiong , Sun Qun , Zou Jing , Li Yuqing
Published: August 2022

Lysine acetylation, a dynamic regulatory posttranslational modification, remains poorly characterized in bacteria. Hundreds of proteins have been identified to be acetylated in bacteria, with advances made in acetylome analyses.
Postinfection Metabolic Reprogramming of the Murine Trigeminal Ganglion Limits Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Replication
Authors: Patil Chandrashekhar D. , Suryawanshi Rahul K. , Kapoor Divya , Shukla Deepak
Published: August 2022

The more severe ocular pathologies associated with HSV-1 infection are significant vision loss, ocular morbidity, and herpetic keratitis. The current clinical landscape lacks curative drugs and vaccines against HSV-1, a heavy burden associated with this neurotropic, ubiquitous pathogen.
Small impact cratering processes produce distinctive charcoal assemblages
Authors: Losiak A. , Belcher C.M. , Plado J. , Jõeleht A. , Herd C.D.K. , Kofman R.S. , Szokaluk M. , Szczuciński W. , Muszyński A. , Wild E.M. , Baker S.J.
Published: August 2022

The frequency of crater-producing asteroid impacts on Earth is not known. Of the predicted Holocene asteroid impact craters of <200 m diameter, only ~30% have been located. Until now there has been no way to distinguish them from “normal” terrestrial structures unless pieces of iron meteorites were found nearby. We show that the reflective properties of charcoal found in the proximal ejecta of small impact craters are distinct from those produced by wildfires. Impact-produced charcoals and wildfire charcoals must derive from different heating regimes. We suggest that charcoal with specific reflective properties may help to recognize the meteoritic origin of small craters.
Onset of long-lived silicic and alkaline magmatism in eastern North America preceded Central Atlantic Magmatic Province emplacement
Authors: Kinney Sean T. , MacLennan Scott A. , Szymanowski Dawid , Keller C. Brenhin , VanTongeren Jill A. , Setera Jacob B. , Jaret Steven J. , Town C. Forrest , Strauss Justin V. , Bradley Dwight C. , Olsen Paul E. , Schoene Blair
Published: August 2022

The White Mountain magma series is the largest Mesozoic felsic igneous province on the eastern North American margin. Previous geochronology suggests that magmatism occurred over 50 m.y., with ages for the oldest units apparently coeval with the ca. 201 Ma Central Atlantic Magmatic Province, the flood basalt province associated with the end-Triassic mass extinction and the opening of the Atlantic Ocean. We use zircon U-Pb geochronology to show that emplacement of White Mountain magma series plutons was already underway at 207.5 Ma. The largest volcanic-plutonic complex, the White Mountain batholith, was emplaced episodically from ca. 198.5 Ma to ca. 180 Ma and is ~25 m.y. older than published ages suggest, and all samples we dated from the Moat Volcanics are between ca. 185 Ma and 180 Ma. The Moat Volcanics and the White Mountain batholith are broadly comagmatic, which constrains the age of a key Jurassic paleomagnetic pole. Our data indicate that a regional mantle thermal anomaly in eastern North America developed at least 5 m.y. prior to the main stage of Central Atlantic Magmatic Province flood basalt volcanism and suggest a geodynamic link between the White Mountain magma series and the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province.
Time constraints on hydrocarbon migration and caprock formation recorded by calcite spar in a Carboniferous–Permian carbonate-evaporite succession, Finnmark Platform, Barents Sea
Authors: Hodgskiss Malcolm S.W. , Thiagarajan Nivedita , Wang Yue , Rameil Niels , Brunstad Harald , Hammer Erik , Pedersen Jon Halvard , Kirsimae Kalle , Mørk Atle , Lepland Aivo
Published: August 2022

A late Carboniferous to early Permian carbonate and evaporite succession from the Finnmark Platform (southern Barents Sea) contains nodules of anhydrite partially to fully replaced by calcite spar and native sulfur genetically linked to hydrocarbon migration and/or oxidation, analogous to processes observed in salt diapir caprocks in the Gulf of Mexico. In situ U-Pb dating of this calcite spar therefore has the potential to directly date hydrocarbon migration and provide further insight into the geochemical and temperature conditions during this event when coupled with traditional stable and clumped isotope ratios (δ13C, δ18O, and Δ47). Results indicate calcite formed ca. 50–15 Ma, postdating host-rock deposition by 250–285 m.y. Strongly negative δ13C values in the calcite spar (mean = −15‰) are consistent with a major contribution of carbon from hydrocarbons, and Δ47 paleothermometry indicates a mean precipitation temperature of 46 ± 11 °C. These geochemical results are consistent with the local burial history and suggest protracted hydrocarbon migration and/or oxidation and caprock formation spanning ~35 m.y.
The northern Hikurangi margin three-dimensional plate interface in New Zealand remains rough 100 km from the trench
Authors: Leah Harold , Fagereng Åke , Bastow Ian , Bell Rebecca , Lane Victoria , Henrys Stuart , Jacobs Katie , Fry Bill
Published: August 2022

At the northern Hikurangi margin (North Island, New Zealand), shallow slow slip events (SSEs) frequently accommodate subduction-interface plate motion from landward of the trench to <20 km depth. SSEs may be spatially related to geometrical interface heterogeneity, though kilometer-scale plate-interface roughness imaged by active-source seismic methods is only constrained offshore at <12 km depth. Onshore constraints are comparatively lacking, but we mapped the Hikurangi margin plate interface using receiver functions from data collected by a dense 22 × 10 km array of 49 broadband seismometers. The plate interface manifests as a positive-amplitude conversion (velocity increase with depth) dipping west from 10 to 17 km depth. This interface corroborates relocated earthquake hypocenters, seismic velocity models, and downdip extrapolation of depth-converted two-dimensional active-source lines. Our mapped plate interface has kilometer-amplitude roughness we interpret as oceanic volcanics or seamounts, and is 1–4 km shallower than the regional-scale plate-interface model used in geodetic inversions. Slip during SSEs may thus have different magnitudes and/or distributions than previously thought. We show interface roughness also leads to shear-strength variability, where slip may nucleate in locally weak areas and propagate across areas of low shear-strength gradient. Heterogeneous shear strength throughout the depth range of the northern Hikurangi margin may govern the nature of plate deformation, including the localization of both slow slip and hazardous earthquakes.
Orogenic belt resulting from ocean-continent collision
Authors: Zhao Jun-Hong , Yang Ting , Wang Wei
Published: August 2022

Orogenic belts have been thought to form through plate convergence, involving subduction of oceanic lithosphere at continental margins (accretionary orogens), which may ultimately lead to ocean closure and continent-continent collision (collisional orogens). Intraplate orogens away from plate margins have been known, but the mechanisms controlling their evolution are poorly understood. The South China craton, including the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks, underwent a Paleozoic orogenesis that formed a >500-km-wide orogenic belt with widespread granitoids that are unconformably overlain by Devonian cover sequences. The pre-Devonian basement rocks were subjected to strong deformation and greenschist-to amphibolite-facies metamorphism at 460–400 Ma. Paleozoic magmatism was characterized by voluminous crustally derived Silurian granitoids associated with incorporation of ancient crustal materials at 450–440 Ma and addition of juvenile mantle-derived melts at 420–410 Ma. Based on the absence of arc-like magmatism and the existence of ophiolites in the West Cathaysia terrane, geochemical evidence that oceanic crust existed beneath the East Cathaysia terrane, and geophysical evidence of contrasting lithospheres on both sides and two discrete slabs beneath their fault boundary, we propose that this Paleozoic orogenic belt was formed by collision between the two terranes that was driven by far-field forces during the assembly of Gondwana, and the East Cathaysia terrane represents oceanic lithosphere that was overthrusted by the continental crustal materials of the West Cathaysia terrane. Numerical modeling shows that this type of collision can explain the dynamics of the Paleozoic orogenesis in the South China craton and may be a mechanism for some orogens in which subduction-related igneous and metamorphic rocks are lacking.
Atypical presentation of Lemierre syndrome in a young healthy man with acute jaundice
Authors: King James Patrick , Matthews Lauren , Ashai Shanze
Published: August 2022

This report presents a case of Lemierre syndrome caused byFusobacterium necrophorumin a healthy young adult who presented atypically with shortness of breath and jaundice but no clinical or diagnostic evidence of thrombophlebitis. Due to this unusual presentation with jaundice, diagnosis was challenging and delayed. However, the patient was successfully initiated on a prolonged course of intravenous antibiotics; he required a period in the intensive care unit and was discharged without significant complications. This report aims to raise awareness of the diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition and to highlight both common and unusual presentations of the syndrome.
Severe refractory warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia after the SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (BNT162b2 mRNA) managed with emergency splenectomy and complement inhibition with eculizumab
Authors: Jackson Emma Marguerite , Harper Simon , Webb Gwilym J , Thomas Will
Published: August 2022

A male in his teens with a history of liver transplant for biliary atresia (aged 2 years) and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA, aged 6 years) presented with jaundice, dark urine, fatigue and chest discomfort that began 48 hours after the first dose of SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine (BNT162b2 mRNA). Investigations revealed a warm AIHA picture. Over 4 weeks the patient developed life-threatening anaemia culminating in haemoglobin of 35 g/L (after transfusion), lactate dehydrogenase of 1293 units/L and bilirubin of 228 µmol/L, refractory to standard treatment with corticosteroids and rituximab. An emergency splenectomy was performed that slowed haemolysis but did not completely ameliorate it. Eculizumab, a terminal complement pathway inhibitor, was initiated to arrest intravascular haemolysis and showed a favourable response. AIHA is rare but described after the SARS-CoV-2 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. This case highlights the rare complication of AIHA, the use of emergency splenectomy for disease control, and the use of eculizumab.
3D ergonomics-based motion-level productivity analysis for intelligent manufacturing in industrialized construction
Authors: Wang Jingwen , Mohamed Yomna , Han SangHyeok , Li Xinming , Al-Hussein Mohamed
Published: August 2022

In industrialized construction, accurate estimations of labour productivity and associated cycle times of repetitive operations are crucial for reliable production planning and scheduling. However, the reliability of the standardized productivity and cycle time analyses is hindered by their dependence on various factors that change with the increasing complexity of the working environment, as well as by inherent challenges involved in acquiring accurate measurements. Thus, this study proposes an automated 3D ergonomics-based motion-level productivity analysis method for intelligent manufacturing in industrialized construction that combines an existing predetermined motion–time system with ergonomic risk assessments and 3D modelling techniques. The actual and simulated cycle times and ergonomic risks of preliminary cases in the experiment are analyzed to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of the proposed method. The proposed method can be implemented to improve occupational safety, increase the reliability of planning and scheduling, and boost the overall productivity of industrialized construction.
Optimization of earthworks planning: a systematic mapping study
Authors: Fernandes Pedro G.P.S. , Júnior Ernesto F. Nobre , Prata Bruno de A.
Published: August 2022

This article presents a mapping study of the research on the optimization of earthmoving planning and operation. Its goal was to investigate relevant papers and characterize the field by identifying the most commonly explored topics, optimization techniques, and research trends. We applied a systematic review approach based on automatic searches and snowball sampling to select relevant papers on earthwork optimization. Our searches retrieved 5785 results, from which we selected 71 papers between 1958 and 2021. We found that allocation, fleet planning, routing, and scheduling problems were the most commonly investigated topics, and linear programming, mixed-integer linear programming, and genetic algorithms were the most usually used optimization techniques. We also observed that most models that considered construction factors reported improvements in construction budgets or hauling plans. However, we found few studies that demonstrated the impact optimization after the preconstruction stage or presented the advantages of optimization for reducing environmental impacts.
Compact quantum metric spaces from free graph algebras
Authors: Aguilar Konrad , Hartglass Michael , Penneys David
Published: August 2022

Starting with a vertex-weighted pointed graph [Formula: see text], we form the free loop algebra [Formula: see text] defined in Hartglass–Penneys’ article on canonical [Formula: see text]-algebras associated to a planar algebra. Under mild conditions, [Formula: see text] is a non-nuclear simple [Formula: see text]-algebra with unique tracial state. There is a canonical polynomial subalgebra [Formula: see text] together with a Dirac number operator [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] is a spectral triple. We prove the Haagerup-type bound of Ozawa–Rieffel to verify [Formula: see text] yields a compact quantum metric space in the sense of Rieffel.

We give a weighted analog of Benjamini–Schramm convergence for vertex-weighted pointed graphs. As our [Formula: see text]-algebras are non-nuclear, we adjust the Lip-norm coming from [Formula: see text] to utilize the finite dimensional filtration of [Formula: see text]. We then prove that convergence of vertex-weighted pointed graphs leads to quantum Gromov–Hausdorff convergence of the associated adjusted compact quantum metric spaces.

As an application, we apply our construction to the Guionnet–Jones–Shyakhtenko (GJS) [Formula: see text]-algebra associated to a planar algebra. We conclude that the compact quantum metric spaces coming from the GJS [Formula: see text]-algebras of many infinite families of planar algebras converge in quantum Gromov–Hausdorff distance.
Learning temporal-frequency features of physionet EEG signals using deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Sorkhi Maryam , Jahed-Motlagh Mohammad Reza , Minaei-Bidgoli Behrouz , Reza Daliri Mohammad
Published: August 2022

Since EEG signals encode an individual’s intent of executing an action, scientists have extensively focused on this topic. Motor Imagery (MI) signals have been used by researchers to assistance disabled persons, for autonomous driving and even control devices such as wheelchairs. Therefore, accurate decoding of these signals is essential to develop a Brain–Computer interface (BCI) systems. Due to dynamic nature, low signal-to-noise ratio and complexity of EEG signals, EEG decoding is not simple task. Extracting temporal and spatial features from EEG is accessible via Convolution neural network (CNN). However, enhanced CNN models are required to learn the dynamic correlations existing in MI signals. It is found that good features are extracted via CNN in both deep and shallow models, which indicate that various levels related features can be mined. In this case, spatial patterns from multi-scaled data in different frequency bands are learnt at first and then the temporal and frequency band information from projected signals is extracted. Here, to make use of neural activity phenomena, the feature extraction process employed is based on Multi-scale FBCSP (MSFBCSP). In CNN, the envelope of each spatially filtered signal is extracted in time dimension by performing Hilbert transform. However, to access common morphologies, the convolutional operation across time is performed first and then another convolution layer across channels in the frequency band is used to represent the carried information in a more compact form. Moreover, Bayesian approach is used for mapping hyperparameters to a probability of score on the objective function. The prominent feature of the proposed network is the high capacity of preserving and utilizing the information encoded in frequency bands. Our proposed method significantly improves the efficiency of current classification method in specific dataset of the physionet. According to empirical evaluations, strong robustness and high decoding classification are two distinctive characteristics of our proposed work.
Exact traveling wave solutions of the strain wave and (1 + 1)-dimensional Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equations via the simplest equation method
Authors: Tian Yilin , Cui Jifeng , Zhang Ruigang
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the solitary solutions of the (1 + 1)-dimensional Benjamin–Bona–Mahony and strain wave equations are set up by employing the simplest equation method for the first time. By determining the value of parameters, the images of the traveling wave solutions are displayed, and they intuitively reflect that choosing different Bernoulli equations will affect the form of solutions. The validity and wider applicability of the method for solving known wave phenomena models are verified, moreover, the solution structure is enriched.
ITL-CNN: Integrated Transfer Learning-Based Convolution Neural Network for Ultrasound PCOS Image Classification
Authors: Gopalakrishnan C. , Iyapparaja M.
Published: August 2022

In recent years, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) becomes one of the most prominent research areas, where several researchers are concentrating to improve the accuracy of PCOS classification. It is much difficult to find the presence of PCOS in women with traditional techniques and various researchers are dealt with the problem that affects the accuracy in detecting such symptom. In this paper, we have proposed Integrated Transfer Learning-based Convolutional Neural Network (ITL-CNN) model to improve the classification accuracy for the detection of PCOS using ultrasound images. In this proposed model, we have used active contour with modified Otsu method and Multifactor Dimension Reduction-based GIST feature extractor for improving the performance of the ITL-CNN model. The performance of the proposed model is analyzed using various performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, precision, recall, and F1 score. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed ITL-CNN model outperforms by achieving 98.9% of accuracy when compared with other existing techniques such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Gaussian Naïve Bayes (NB).
Application of Local Color Simulation Method of Landscape Painting Based on Deep Learning Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: He Lihao
Published: August 2022

The traditional computer simulation landscape painting has the defect that it cannot completely present the painting, the application research of local color simulation method of landscape painting based on deep learning adversarial networks is proposed. Based on the improved generative adversarial networks design, the semantic label hierarchical classification design of landscape paintings is carried out. Through the training and design of generative adversarial networks, the generator and discriminator of landscape painting are designed, and the semantic segmentation algorithm of landscape painting of generative adversarial networks is proposed. Finally, a simulation experiment test is carried out on the local color simulation of landscape painting. The results show that this application method is better than the traditional computer simulation method, it can fully reflect the realism of landscape art painting and the integrity of the picture itself. The texture detail clarity of the generated map is stronger than that of the traditional one, and the semantic content is more accurate. It has important practical reference value.
Wavelet Entropy-Based Method for Migration Imaging of Hidden Microcracks by Using the Optimal Wave Velocity
Authors: Hua Fei , Ling Tonghua , He Wenchao , Liu Xianjun
Published: August 2022

Exploring the shape and direction of hidden cracks in a tunnel lining structure is one of the main objectives of ground penetrating radar (GPR) map interpretation. The most important factor that restricts the migration imaging of hidden cracks is the propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves. Determining the optimal electromagnetic wave velocity is the key to truthfully restoring the actual shape of hidden cracks. To study the GPR characteristic response signals of hidden cracks, forward simulation and model experiments of different cracks were performed. Subsequently, a method to determine the optimal electromagnetic wave velocity based on the wavelet entropy theory was proposed, and the frequency wavenumber domain migration (F-K) and Kirchhoff integral migration imaging method were combined. Horizontal, S-type, and inclined hidden fractures were examined by migration imaging. The results show that the radar characteristic response images of different cracks can be simulated forward by using the finite difference time domain method to write the fracture model instruction. Based on the wavelet entropy theory, the error range between the estimated value and true value was controlled within 4%. Taking the optimal electromagnetic wave velocity as the velocity parameter of the conventional migration method can make the migration more effective and suppress the interference of echo signals so that the diffraction wave converges, and the energy is more concentrated; thus, the real fracture morphology can be restored to the greatest extent. The research results can provide technical support for the fine detection of hidden quality defects in tunnel lining structures by GPR mapping.
CenterNet Plus: Multiscale Prediction with FPN for CenterNet
Authors: Shi Xianrang , Su Yang , Ti Yan , Song Tinglun
Published: August 2022

Although the CenterNet object detection method can be used to achieve high accuracy, it cannot be used to detect objects with overlapping or almost overlapping centers. However, a good trade-off between detection speed and accuracy cannot be achieved when utilizing this method. We improved a series of backbones using CenterNet, output the fusion of multiple feature maps in backbone, and used the feature pyramid network (FPN) mechanism for multiscale object detection. Additionally, we improved the head of the detector and considered adding intersection over union (IoU) branches. Finally, the loss function was improved to improve detection accuracy. Based on the above research, the CenterNet Plus object detection method is proposed in this paper. Through experiments on the COCO dataset, it can be seen that the use of a multiscale FPN mechanism not only solves the problem of center point overlap but also helps improve the accuracy of detection. CenterNet Plus can be used to greatly improve the detection accuracy on the premise of having a higher detection speed.
Extension of a Simulation Software to Incorporate Quality-Related Factors in Investigations on Software Engineering Economics
Authors: Kuhlen David , Speck Andreas
Published: August 2022

The economics of software engineering [B. W. Boehm, Software Engineering Economics, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1981] are strongly influenced by the way how software development processes are performed. Simulations give valuable insights in the performance of these processes. In order to research the economics of software engineering, a process analysis studio (PAS) was developed and presented [D. Kuhlen and A. Speck, Business process analysis by model checking, in Proc. 5th Int. Symp. Data-Driven Process Discovery and Analysis SIMPDA, eds. P. Ceravolo and S. Rinderle-Ma, 2015; D. Kuhlen and A. Speck, The way of designing a simulation software in order to evaluate the economic performance in software development, in ICCMS ’17 Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Computer Modeling and Simulation, Int. Conf. Proc. Series by ACM, 2016; D. Kuhlen, Kostensenkungspotenzialfunktion der Softwareproduktion, dissertation, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 2019]. This simulation software was built to analyze the capacitive configurations of the software production. It helps to assess the impact of different configurations on the process output. However, this research emphasizes the impact of quality-related factors (QRFs) on the process output. This paper presents a proposal how to extend the simulation software model in order to facilitate qualitative analysis. In order to facilitate the understanding of the model and the evaluation of the contribution, offered by the proposal, Prolog codes are used.
Almost all strongly quasipositive braid closures are fibered
Authors: Banfield Ian M.
Published: August 2022

We use the Birman–Ko–Lee presentation of the braid group to show that all closures of strongly quasipositive braids whose normal form contains a positive power of the dual Garside element [Formula: see text] are fibered. We classify links which admit such a braid representative in geometric terms as boundaries of plumbings of positive Hopf bands to a disk. Rudolph constructed fibered strongly quasipositive links as closures of positive words on certain generating sets of [Formula: see text] and we prove that Rudolph’s condition is equivalent to ours. Finally, we show that the braid index is a strict upper bound for the number of crossing changes required to fiber a strongly quasipositive braid.
“The more things change the more they stay the same” Minimum lengths with unmodified uncertainty principle and dispersion relation
Authors: Bishop Michael , Contreras Joey , Singleton Douglas
Published: August 2022

Broad arguments indicate that quantum gravity should have a minimal length scale. In this paper, we construct a minimum length model by generalizing the time-position and energy–momentum operators while keeping much of the structure of quantum mechanics and relativity intact: the standard position-momentum commutator, the special relativistic time-position, and energy–momentum relationships all remain the same. Since the time-position and energy–momentum relationships for the modified operators remain the same, we retain a form of Lorentz symmetry. This avoids the constraints on these theories coming from lack of photon dispersion while holding the potential to address the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin (GZK) puzzle of ultra high-energy cosmic rays.
Schrödinger type formulation of FRW cosmology using scalar field and barotropic fluid within Rastall gravity
Authors: Saleem R. , Saleem Aqsa , Sohail Zirwa
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this paper is to uncover a connection between the dynamics associated with cosmological models and the radially symmetric nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. The link is made possible due to the central role played by a nonlinear, second-order ordinary differential equation (ODE) known as Milne–Ermakov–Pinney (EMP) equation. To this end, we describe the standard Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) cosmology of canonical scalar field (CSF) with two barotropic fluids (BFs) in terms of time-independent NLS type formulation within Rastall’s theory of gravity (RTG). We derive all cosmological dynamical quantities including scalar field [Formula: see text], scalar potential [Formula: see text], total Schrödinger energy [Formula: see text], wave function [Formula: see text] and NLS potential [Formula: see text], of EMP equation in terms of Schrödinger quantities. We consider bouncing and power-law models to find the exact solutions to these quantities in terms of cosmic time. It is found that RTG is a good candidate to discuss NLS type FRW formulation as the obtained results are in good compatibility with the standard theory of gravity.
HOMOTOPY PERTURBATION METHOD FOR FRACTAL DUFFING OSCILLATOR WITH ARBITRARY CONDITIONS
Authors: HE JI-HUAN , JIAO MAN-LI , HE CHUN-HUI
Published: August 2022

A nonlinear vibration system in a fractal space can be effectively modeled using the fractal derivatives, and the homotopy perturbation method is employed to solve fractal Duffing oscillator with arbitrary initial conditions. A detailed solving process is given, and it can be easily followed for applications to other nonlinear vibration problems.
PERIODIC WAVE STRUCTURE OF THE FRACTAL GENERALIZED FOURTH-ORDER BOUSSINESQ EQUATION TRAVELING ALONG THE NON-SMOOTH BOUNDARY
Authors: WANG KANG-JIA , SHI FENG , WANG GUO-DONG
Published: August 2022

In this study, we present a fractal generalized fourth-order Boussinesq equation which can describe the shallow water waves with the non-smooth boundary (such as the fractal boundary). Aided by the semi-inverse method, we establish its variational principle, which is proved to have a strong minimum condition via the He–Weierstrass theorem. Then, two powerful approaches namely the variational method (VM) and energy balance theory (EBT) are utilized to search for the periodic wave solutions. As expected, the results obtained by the two methods are almost the same. Furthermore, the impact of the fractal orders on the periodic wave structure is illustrated via the 3D plot and 2D curve. The results of this paper are expected to provide a reference for the study of periodic wave theory in fractal space.