bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Logical Ontology Validation Using an Automatic Theorem Prover
Authors: vor der Brück Tim  , Stenzhorn Holger
Published: February 2025

Ontologies are utilized for a wide range of tasks, like information retrieval/extraction or text generation, and in a multitude of domains, such as biology, medicine or business and commerce. To be actually usable in such real-world scenarios, ontologies usually have to encompass a large number of factual statements. However, with increasing size, it becomes very difficult to ensure their complete correctness. This is particularly true in the case when an ontology is not hand-crafted but constructed (semi)automatically through text mining, for example. As a consequence, when inference mechanisms are applied on these ontologies, even minimal inconsistencies oftentimes lead to serious errors and are hard to trace back and find. This paper addresses this issue and describes a method to validate ontologies using an automatic theorem prover and MultiNet axioms. This logic-based approach allows to detect many inconsistencies, which are difficult or even impossible to identify through statistical methods or by manual investigation in reasonable time. To make this approach accessible for ontology developers, a graphical user interface is provided that highlights erroneous axioms directly in the ontology for quicker fixing.
Decision-theoretic Optimal Sampling in Hidden Markov Random Fields
Authors: Peyrard N.  , Sabbadin R.  , Farrokh Niaz U.
Published: February 2025

Computation of the Most Probable Explanation (MPE) when probabilistic knowledge is expressed as a factored distribution is a classical AI reasoning problem: complete evidence is available about the values of some of the variables which are observed, and the problem consists in finding the most probable assignment of the remaining variables given the evidence. However, optimising the choice of the variables to observe (the sample) in order to maximise the MPE probability is a less classical and more difficult problem. In this article we tackle this question of optimal sampling in structured problems under limited budget, within the framework of Hidden Markov Random Fields (HMRF). The value of a sample (which we seek to optimise) is the expectation, over all possible sample outputs (observations), of the MPE probability. The contributions of this article are: i) an original probabilistic model for optimal sampling in HMRF ii) computational complexity results about this problem, leading in particular to approximability/inapproximability results and iii) an exact solution algorithm and two approximate solution algorithms of decreasing time complexity, which we empirically evaluate on a problem of spatial sampling for occurrence map restoration.
Acquisition of Grammar in Autonomous Artificial Systems
Authors: Gerasymova Kateryna  , Spranger Michael
Published: February 2025

Over the past several decades, psycholinguists have gained countless insights into the process of child language acquisition. Can these findings be used for the development of language competence in autonomous artificial systems? This paper reports on our attempt to apply insights from developmental psychology in order to enable artificial systems to acquire language. We consider a comprehensive chain of computational processes, starting from conceptualization and extending through language generation and interpretation, and show how they can be intertwined to allow for acquisition of complex aspects of grammar.
Probabilistic Logic with Conditional Independence Formulae
Authors: Ivanovska Magdalena  , Giese Martin
Published: February 2025

We investigate a probabilistic propositional logic that is an extension of the logic proposed by Fagin et al. [4] with conditional independence formulae. We give an axiomatization which we show to be complete for the kind of inferences allowed by Bayesian networks.
Evaluating Pose Estimation Methods for Stereo Visual Odometry on Robots
Authors: Alismail Hatem  , Browning Brett  , Dias M. Bernardine
Published: February 2025

Structure-From-Motion (SFM) methods, using stereo data, are among the best performing algorithms for motion estimation from video imagery, or visual odometry. Critical to the success of SFM methods is the quality of the initial pose estimation algorithm from feature correspondences. In this work, we evaluate the performance of pose estimation algorithms commonly used in SFM visual odometry. We consider two classes of techniques to develop the initial pose estimate: Absolute Orientation (AO) methods, and Perspective-n-Point (PnP) methods. To date, there has not been a comparative study of their performance on robot visual odometry tasks. We undertake such a study to measure the accuracy, repeatability, and robustness of these techniques for vehicles moving in indoor environments and in outdoor suburban roadways. Our results show that PnP methods outperform AO methods, with P3P being the best performing algorithm. This is particularly true when stereo triangulation uncertainty is high due to a wide Field of View lens and small stereo-rig baseline.
Object search on a mobile robot using relational spatial information
Authors: Aydemir Alper  , Sjöö Kristoffer  , Jensfelt Patric
Published: February 2025

We present a method for utilising knowledge of qualitative spatial relations between objects in order to facilitate efficient visual search for those objects. A computational model for the relation is used to sample a probability distribution that guides the selection of camera views. Specifically we examine the spatial relation “on”, in the sense of physical support, and show its usefulness in search experiments on a real robot. We also experimentally compare different search strategies and verify the efficiency of so-called indirect search.
On the Implementation of an Efficient Mobile Robot Navigation System: An RFID Approach
Authors: Miah M. Suruz  , Gueaieb Wail
Published: February 2025

In this manuscript, we pioneer an efficient indoor mobile robot navigation system using signal strength of a customized RFID system. The RFID reader is mounted on the robot and a set of RFID tags are attached to 3-D points which are known as targets to be reached by the mobile robot in an indoor workspace. First, the direction of a current target is estimated through received signal strength (RSS) measurements of the customized RFID reader. The robot's current orientation is updated to head approximately towards the target. It then applies necessary actions to its actuator to reach the current target. The path generated by the robot is better estimated using a conventional stochastic filter called Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The customized RFID reader architecture is simulated using the comprehensive electromagnetic commercial software, FEKO. The proposed navigation system is evaluated through a number of computer simulations. It is shown through these simulations that a mobile robot has the ability to successfully navigate to reach a set of pre-defined target points in an indoor environment regardless of the 3-D positions of the RFID tags.
Development of a Person Following Robot and Its Experimental Evaluation
Authors: Miura Jun  , Satake Junji  , Chiba Masaya  , Ishikawa Yuki  , Kitajima Kenta  , Masuzawa Hiroaki
Published: February 2025

This paper describes a robot system which can follow a specific person while avoiding obstacles and other people walking around. This system consists of various functional modules, which are a stereo-based robust person detection and tracking, a laser range finder-based map generation, and an on-line randomized motion planning, implemented on a self-contained wheeled mobile robot. All these modules are implemented using RT-middleware, which enhances software development, maintenance, and reusability. The implemented system is tested in a reasonably complex environment with several walking people at a time. The experimental results show the feasibility of the system.
The Development and Application of Automatic Monitoring System for Dam Seepage
Authors: Song Xiuguang  , Zhang Hongbo  , Chen Yaoting  , Zhuang Xin
Published: February 2025

Serious seepage can influence the stabilization of reservoir dam and accessory structure. In order to monitor the seepage phenomenon of Wohu-Mountain reservoir exactly at real-time, automatic monitoring system for earth dam is developed. For the hardware system, sensors on site and control computer in center control station are connected effectively with four-core cable, data acquisition device and signal conversion equipment. For the software system, advanced hierarchical and distributed structure is adopted in the system to manage and control monitoring sensors. By developing the data base, seepage curve and related analysis can be shown on the system at real-time. And if monitoring data surpass the limited value, the warning information will be given by adopting different ways according to alarming grade. In general, the automatic monitoring system can play an important role in the protection of the safe of reservoir, and exert economic and social benefits of water reservoirs at mostly.
Building a Geological Model of the Copenhagen area using HoleBASE, MIKE Geomodel and KeyHOLE
Authors: Hanson Sanne Louise  , Nielsen Ole Frits
Published: February 2025

In connection with the Copenhagen Metro ‘Cityringen’ project, a geological model of the Copenhagen area has been created by the software applications of HoleBASE, MIKE GeoModel and KeyHOLE. The project involved some 1000 project boreholes located in close proximity to the alignment combined with another about 4000 existing boreholes further away from the alignment. The project borehole data were imported to HoleBASE via AGS files. Geological layer codes were defined in HoleBASE for each layer. With all project borehole data collected in HoleBASE, the data were exported to MIKE GeoModel for building a 3D geological model. In MIKE GeoModel the borehole data were combined with existing borehole data located further away from the alignment. Areas between the boreholes were interpolated and the geological layer interfaces created. The layer interfaces were interpolated as surfaces to give information on layer thicknesses and depths to top and/or bottom of each defined layer. The total 3D geological sequences of layer boundaries were imported to KeyHOLE for creation of 2D vertical profiles. KeyHOLE is the CAD connection program between the planned constructions and the geological 3D model. Once all layers were imported to KeyHOLE, a cut was made along the alignment through the 3D model layers. This process has resulted in a 15.5km long vertical geological profile along the Cityringen alignment shown together with planned constructions. Additionally the surfaces were imported to MapInfo for making a number of detailed geological surface maps. The geological model confirms already known data and furthermore gives an improved and more detailed picture of the Quaternary deposits as well as the limestone surface in the Copenhagen area.
A New Information System for Underground Construction Projects
Authors: Chimelina Klaus
Published: February 2025

The contribution introduces the tunnel information system Kronos. It are described its objectives, architecture and its special functions for the analysis and visualisation of tunnel project data. The system description is followed by information on currently running large European metro sites such as Budapest and Thessaloniki where the system is installed and particular functions and services are used such as alarming and reporting.
Research and Application of Artificial Ground Freezing Monitoring and Management System
Authors: Hu Xiangdong  , Zhou Chunlin  , Zhou Zhiyong
Published: February 2025

Artificial ground freezing method (AGF) is used more and more popularly in underground engineering of soft soil area. However, because of the flaws of freezing theories and the lack of AGF real-time monitoring data, high risk exists in this method. Therefore, it is urgent to set up AGF information systems for freezing construction monitoring and analyzing. According to the special features of AGF and combined with temperature measurement technology, communications transmission technology and computer technology, a network information system for AGF method named GeoFreezer is studied and developed. This system could fulfill the request function of AGF management, including remote, real-time monitoring, visualization, analyzing, and so on. The main hardware of GeoFreezer is composed of advanced digital temperature sensor, “1-wire bus” network, fiber technique, database server, personal computers and so on. Software environment includes Borland Delphi 7.0 as developing platform and Microsoft SQL Server 2000 as database. Client/Server network structure is used for data exchanging and back-up. For the requirement of AGF safety, remote and real-time monitoring is realized and the monitoring rate could be higher than 10 times per minutes. After acquiring data, it could be visualized in kinds of forms such as 2D chart and 3D model, based on which, temperature field, distributing character of frozen soil wall, and the formulas of frozen soil wall characteristics under non-zero freezing temperature are analyzed. The application of GeoFreezer in cross passage construction of Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel project is specified in the end. The good monitoring performance, safety controlling, and decision-making service proves the practicability and advantage of this system.
Study of Numerical Simulation on Supporting Parameters of Soft Rock Tunnel
Authors: Luo Xuedong  , Chen Jianping  , Lu Qiaosen  , Zuo Changqun
Published: February 2025

Rational supporting forms and parameters can insure the stability and safety of soft rock tunnel. It is needed to adopt systematical anchor bars as well as shotcrete, steel fabric and steel arch centering as united supporting pattern in the segment of tunnel that the large deformation may occur. Taking Huoche Mountain Tunnel that is one of the Shi-Man Expressway tunnels as example, large deformations sometimes happened even after preliminary lining, so the secondary lining should be rationally operated to restrain the deformation. Hence, FLAC3D is used to simulate three planned supporting schemes and different results are obtained. Through analyzing, the final supporting parameters can be decided to insure the stability of soft rock tunnel.
Computer dynamic simulation analysis of the setting mode of buffer layer in tunnel
Authors: Xu Hua  , Li Tianbin  , Fang Xing  , Ling Zhiheng
Published: February 2025

In recent years, earthquakes happened frequently throughout the world resulting in serious damage to a large number of tunnels and underground structures, which brings great significance to the study of aseismatic technology. Setting a buffer layer on tunnel structures is an effective method to reduce the dynamic response of lining structure. However, the buffer layer is impacted by some factors, such as setting mode, design parameters and construction conditions, so it is seldom used. Aiming at exploring its damping mechanism and efficiency of the buffer layer in tunnels with different setting modes, the computer aided simulations of earthquake dynamics was presented in this paper. On the basis of computation and analysis, a new setting mode of buffer layer, namely ‘rock - primary support - buffer layer - the second lining’ mode, is put forward then. And the in-depth studies on its damping effect, material selection, and thickness design and application scope were also carried out by using the three-dimensional dynamics finite difference technique. The results show that the new buffer layer mode can significantly reduce the seismic dynamic response of the second lining, especially when the thickness of the buffer layer of soft latex is 10 ~ 20cm, the peak dynamic stress of the second lining will be reduced up to 50% ~ 80%, and that the stress state is also efficiently improved, which can reduce or avoid severe earthquake damages to the second lining. As compared with the conventional ‘rock - buffer layer - primary support - second lining’ mode, the new mode is more suitable for NATM used in tunnel construction projects, and its construction is convenient and its cost is lower. Meanwhile, this paper provides a scientific basis for the design and construction of anti-shock and shock absorption tunnels or underground engineering in high-intensity earthquake areas.
Research on Swelling Characteristics of Limestone
Authors: Qin Bendong  , Luo Yunjun
Published: February 2025

In the context of the stability and safety of rock engineering under high temperature, the swelling characteristics of limestone from 200° to 800° under high temperature was investigated by the experiment system used to measure the swelling characteristics of rock under bidirection restraints and high temperature and designed by ourselves. The results show that the color of limestone becomes lighter and lighter, and the samples become white after high temperature of 600°. The swelling stress increases less at 300° and increases more quickly after 500° The swelling stress increases with temperature increasing during high temperature. There are 1 or 2 pivotal points on the curve of heat swelling stress and temperature. The fitted functions of curves are second-degree parabolaes. The swelling stress increases more quickly in the beginning period of constant temperature, and tends to steady value subsequently.
From Requirements to Architecture
Authors: Parnas David Lorge
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses the importance of requirements documents and the reasons that the requirements documentation methods commonly applied in industrial software development are inadequate. The use of functional methods and tabular expressions for producing precise requirements documentation is explained and illustrated. This includes:
Ontology-Based Approach to Development of the Decision Support System for Oil-and-Gas Production Enterprise
Authors: Zagorulko Yury  , Zagorulko Galina
Published: February 2025

The paper presents an approach to development of a system that supports decision-making for tasks aimed to reduce power consumption of oil-and-gas production enterprise and to enhance the environmental safety of oil and natural gas production. The architecture and operating principles of this system, as well as the classes of tasks to be solved, are discussed. Adjustment of the system to the subject domain and types of tasks is provided by including explicitly the models of the subject and problem domains into the system.
Development of a Monitoring System Using Telephones for the Elderly Living Alone
Authors: Sasaki Jun  , Yamada Keizo  , Takagi Masanori  , Tanaka Michiru  , Ogawa Akiko
Published: February 2025

The authors' project is concerned with the development of a monitoring system for elderly people living alone in rural areas. The monitoring system was developed and introduced in Kawai village, Shiwa town and Tono city in Iwate Prefecture. The aim was to develop a new type of monitoring system which would reduce the initial cost and increase operability. A key feature of the system was that it used standard telephone terminals and computer telephony technology. The results of the experiment, carried out in Iwate and Aomori Prefectures in Japan, showed improved operability. Based on the results, this paper estimates the required number of telephone lines for an increasing number of users in the future.
Using Syllables As Indexing Terms in Full-Text Information Retrieval
Authors: Kettunen Kimmo  , McNamee Paul  , Baskaya Feza
Published: February 2025

This paper describes empirical results of information retrieval in 13 languages of the Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) collection augmented with results of Turkish using syllables as a means to manage morphological variation in the languages. This kind of approach has been used in speech retrieval [1], but for some reason it has not been much tried out in text-based IR, although it has many clear advantages. Firstly, a quite well working version of it can be implemented with a very simple syllabification algorithm, consisting of only variants of one syllable structure rule, CV, consonant vowel. Secondly, although syllable-based word form variation management resembles n-gramming [2], it has the advantage, that the number of grams with syllables is more restricted which keeps the size of the text index smaller and retrieval faster. Thirdly, syllable-based approach makes possible to use different types of syllabification procedures, which can be either very fine grained, i.e. language specific or very coarse, i.e. more language independent. Fourthly, syllable based methods work for both speech and text retrieval. Our results show, that the two different CV syllabification procedures produced good results with four morphologically complex languages of the CLEF collection. For Turkish they produced also good results. For three of the languages that got good results with the CV syllabification (De, Fi and Tu), we tried also language specific, accurate syllabification procedures. Accurate syllabification was not able to produce as good IR results as CV procedures, but it was not far behind in performance.
Introducing the BICA Society
Authors: Samsonovich Alexei V.  , Jóhannsdóttir Kamilla R.  , Stocco Andrea  , Chella Antonio
Published: February 2025

The Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures Society, or the BICA Society, is a recently formed nonprofit organization. The purpose of the Society is to promote and facilitate the transdisciplinary study of biologically inspired cognitive architectures (BICA), in particular, aiming at the emergence of a unifying, generally accepted framework for the design, characterization and implementation of human-level cognitive architectures. The First International Conference on Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures (BICA 2010) is at the same time officially the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society.
A Connectionist Model of MT+/Mstd Explains Human Heading Perception in the Presence of Moving Objects
Authors: Browning N. Andrew
Published: February 2025

Human heading perception is robust in the presence of moving objects, except when the object crosses the focus of expansion (FoE). If the object approaches the observer, heading perception is shifted towards the object FoE [1]. If the object maintains a fixed distance, heading perception is shifted away from the object FoE [2]. This data has resulted in the theory that differential motion operators are used to determine heading. Primate neurophysiology, however, indicates that additive MT cells which combine data across pools of motion sensitive cells in V1, and not differential cells, are used to assess heading in dorsal MST [3]. The present work utilizes components of the ViSTARS (Visually-guided Steering, Tracking, and Route Selection) Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architecture (BICA) to analyze and reconcile the data.
Merging and Splitting for Power Indices in Weighted Voting Games and Network Flow Games on Hypergraphs
Authors: Rey Anja  , Rothe Jörg
Published: February 2025

The Banzhaf power index is a prominent measure of a player's influence for coalition formation in weighted voting games, an important class of simple coalitional games that are fully expressive but compactly representable. For the normalized Banzhaf index, Aziz and Paterson [1] show that it is NP-hard to decide whether merging any coalition of players is beneficial, and that in unanimity games, merging is always disadvantageous, whereas splitting is always advantageous. We show that for the probabilistic Banzhaf index (which is considered more natural than the normalized Banzhaf index), the merging problem is in P for coalitions of size two, and is NP-hard for coalitions of size at least three. We also prove a corresponding result for the splitting problem. In unanimity games and for the probabilistic Banzhaf index (in strong contrast with the results for the normalized Banzhaf index), we show that splitting is always disadvantageous or neutral, whereas merging is neutral for size-two coalitions, yet advantageous for coalitions of size at least three. In addition, we study the merging and splitting problems for threshold network flow games [3,4] on hypergraphs.
An alternative method for computerized legal text restructuring
Authors: Täks Ermo  , Lohk Ahti
Published: February 2025

Legal quality is a manifold issue; the presented research is focusing on the structural and referential aspects. Focusing on verbs and nouns, the text is turned into graphs, opening a compressed visual view of the legal act and offers several useful features:
WSRF Usage for BPM and CEP Systems Integration
Authors: Blumbergs Normunds  , Kravcevs Maksims
Published: February 2025

The paper describes principles, architecture and design of a general solution for business process management systems integration with complex event processing (CEP) engines. As CEP query standards are still in early development we define a general abstract CEP Query Model and corresponding distributed infrastructure: CEP Network to abstract from specific CEP engines. We propose integration between BPEL Engines and CEP Network using intermediary bidirectional CEP Service. Key part of the solution is to represent CEP Network queries as WSRF resources. Events from CEP Network are received using WS-Notification. This approach allows using standard BPEL and does not require any changes or extensions in BPEL Engine and designing tool. We compare the proposed approach with some existing alternatives. We present a prototype which implements key components of the proposed solution and provides integration between an open source CEP Engine Esper and BPEL Apache ODE engine.
L.O.S.T Records: The Consequence of Inadequate Recordkeeping Strategies
Authors: Borglund Erik A.M.  , Anderson Karen
Published: February 2025

Recordkeeping is about “making and maintaining complete, accurate and reliable evidence of business transactions in the form of recorded information.” Yet the research on electronic record management has focused on either electronic records management systems or long-term preservation. Little has been done that takes an holistic view of the entire continuum and the connection between current records management and preservation for future accessibility. In this paper we aim to further elaborate the challenges and effects that are the results when an holistic view of the entire continuum and the connection between current records management and preservation for future accessibility is not taken. The research has been carried out as a qualitative case study in a large railway infrastructure construction project, Å dalsbanan, where many records are operational for more than 100 years. We present results from this case study where the long-term recordkeeping strategy only succeeded to preserve records in form of documents, after that the project phase has ended. The records born in databases and in other business information systems were lost, for future use, when the Ådalsbanan moved from being a project to being a operational railway, that needs to be managed for at least 100 years.
Towards Model Transformation between SecureUML and UMLsec for Role-based Access Control
Authors: Matulevičius Raimundas  , Dumas Marlon
Published: February 2025

Nowadays security has become an important aspect in information systems engineering. A mainstream method for information system security is Role-based Access Control (RBAC), which restricts system access to authorised users. Recently different authors have proposed a number of modelling languages (e.g., abuse cases, misuse cases, secure i*, secure Tropos, and KAOS extensions to security) that facilitate the documentation and analysis of security aspects. However it is unclear if these languages support the full spectrum of RBAC specification needs. In this paper we selected two security modelling languages, namely SecureUML and UMLsec. Based on the literature study and on the running example we systematically investigate how these languages could be used for RBAC. Our observations indicate that, although both approaches originate from the de-facto industry standard UML, they are not competitors. Rather they complement each other: SecureUML helps defining static RBAC aspects; UMLsec is recommended for dynamic RBAC analysis. Thus, the combined use of both approaches would provide a more comprehensive approach to secure information system development. As a step towards enabling the combined use of SecureUML and UMLSec, this paper outlines a mapping transformation between these two languages.
A Combined Image-Query Creation Method for Expressing User's Intentions with Shape and Color Features in Multiple Digital Images
Authors: Hayashi Yasuhiro  , Kiyoki Yasushi  , Chen Xing
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a combined-image query creation method for expressing user's intentions by combining multiple digital images for image retrieval. This method uses image databases provided for query-creation and performs several set-operators to express user's imagination by combining user's imaginary images and real scenes. The user's intentions are expressed by the operation of subspace projection in the image feature space. This method makes it possible to create an imaginary image as the combined-image query for expressing user's intentions by combining several images and operators in the query creation process. The important feature of this method is to use shape and color features for expressing imaginations by extending our previously proposed method. This paper shows several experimental results to clarify the feasibility and effectiveness of our method.
Context analysis in microRNA data: A Rosetta Stone approach
Authors: Rovetta Stefano  , Masulli Francesco  , Monville Maura Edelweiss  , Russo Giuseppe
Published: February 2025

MicroRNAs are a hot topic of research in molecular biology. Their role is however still to be elucidated in full. We present a data-oriented approach to the study of microRNA-gene interactions, building heavily on methods of document analysis. The paper aims at illustrating an approach rather than specific methods of analysis, however some sample results are also presented, which show how latent information can be exploited to suggest directions for laboratory experiments, thus avoiding unnecessary expense in time and resources.
Analysis of attractor distances in Random Boolean Networks
Authors: Roli Andrea  , Benedettini Stefano  , Serra Roberto  , Villani Marco
Published: February 2025

We study the properties of the distance between attractors in Random Boolean Networks, a prominent model of genetic regulatory networks. We define three distance measures, upon which attractor distance matrices are constructed and their main statistic parameters are computed. The experimental analysis shows that ordered networks have a very clustered set of attractors, while chaotic networks' attractors are scattered; critical networks show, instead, a pattern with characteristics of both ordered and chaotic networks.
Enhanced first hyperpolarizability of donor-acceptor diethynylsilane oligomers
Authors: Brennand R.A.  , de A. Machado A.E.
Published: February 2025

The modelling of the diethynylsilane derivatives reveals large magnitudes of the first hyperpolarizability (β). The electron donor (D) and acceptor (A) groups are attached at both ends of the oligomers that containing up to ten heterocyclic rings. Several D/A pairs with different strengths were tested in this investigation. The magnitude of static and dynamic β was computed using the AM1/TDHF methodology. The presence of the alkyl donor groups containing heteroatom in the oligomers investigated contributes most for the largest values of the β hyperpolarizability observed. The effect of the oligomer chain length on the β magnitude is also investigated. The results demonstrate that the diethynylsilane derivatives are promising as second-order nonlinear optical materials.
Dynamics of collapse of optical pulses in Kerr medium
Authors: Long V. Cao  , Leoński W.  , Viet H. Nguyen
Published: February 2025

We consider the propagation of optical pulses in Kerr medium in the presence of a harmonic potential for 2D case in framework of Variational Approximation (VA). We will use two types of trial function: gaussian and hyperbolic secant ones. We will show that if the value of the nonlinearity parameter reaches a certain critical value the pulse collapses. This collapse corresponds to the physical situation when the self-focusing effect dominates over the dispersion and diffraction. We show that our analytical results are confirmed by several numerical calculations which are in excellent agreement with those of the VA predictions. By the analogy between the propagation equation and Gross-Pitajevski equation for Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) we can transfer obtained results to the case of BEC placed in a external harmonic potential. It follows that in both of cases the wave collapse can appear.
Comparative study between ONIOM, ab initio and DFT methods, application: α and β L-fucopyranose
Authors: Moussi Sofiane  , Ouamerali Ourida
Published: February 2025

The ONIOM method was used to reproduce geometrical parameters, atomic charges, dipole moment for α and β L-Fucopyranose which are biological interest molecules. The results of ONIOM(MP2/HF) and ONIOM(B3LYP/HF) calculations were compared to the values obtained by means of its corresponding theoretical levels MP2, DFT and RHF with 6-31G* bases set, using GAUSSIAN 98 software.
Asymptotic model of exchange interactions for polarizability calculation of van der Waals complexes
Authors: Buldakov M.A.  , Cherepanov V.N.
Published: February 2025

The asymptotic model of exchange interactions for calculation of the polarizability of van der Waals complexes is discussed. The model is employed for description of the polarizability of interacting systems when their valence electron shells are weakly overlapped. The analytical expressions for the interaction polarizabilities that include induction, dispersion and exchange contributions have been obtained for X-Y and X-Y2complexes. The calculation of the interaction polarizabilities of the complexes He-He, Ar-Ar, Kr-Xe, Xe-Xe, and Ar-H2have been carried out.
Extended Abstract: Bridging Virtual World Visualization and Multiagent Simulation
Authors: Klügl Franziska  , Wissner Michael  , Timpf Sabine  , Andre Elisabeth
Published: February 2025

Multiagent simulations with a spatial environmental model, with a few exceptions, are based on 2 dimensional representations. Face validation and detailed checks of the dynamics could augmented with an immersive 3D environment allowing (interactive) visualization. In this contribution we shortly indicate challenges and their solutions for a generic coupling of a multiagent simulation environment with a game engine for virtual 3D worlds.
Case studies to support recent advances in geogrid technology
Authors: Hall Clifford D.
Published: February 2025

Since the introduction of monolithic biaxial geogrids in the early 1980's, geogrid developments have been characterised by the creation of geogrids from differing methods of manufacturing to produce the ribs, create the junctions and hence offer the aperture for some form of interaction between the fill and the geogrid aperture. In the period 2002-07, significant development in geogrid technology occurred when the geogrid structure was reviewed and revised so that the aperture shape became triangular rather than rectangular. Subsequent full scale testing in the laboratory and the field showed that for monolithic geogrids, this was a more efficient structure yielding better performance for each kilogram of polymer processed in manufacture. Experience and feedback from the field can be seen with respect to some of the principle stabilisation applications:
Aspects Géologiques et Géotechniques Associés au Projet et à la Construction d'un Tronçon de l'Autoroute de Dakar (Sénégal)
Authors: Freitas Rui  , Rebelo Virgílio  , Ferreira Luís  , Cabral André
Published: February 2025

Dans le tronçon autoroutier, objet de l'étude, qui s'étend sur environ 4 km dans la ville de Dakar (Sénégal), le contexte géologique et géotechnique est caractérisé par des terrains sableux et nappe phréatique près de la surface. Le scénario géologique et géotechnique existant, le milieu urbain environnant, ainsi que le drainage naturel déficient ont soulevé la question des matériaux de construction à utiliser pour les remblais. Les principaux aspects liés aux études des différentes solutions techniques envisagées, et soumises à l'APIX (autorité sénégalaise en charge des grands projets et Maître de l'Ouvrage), ainsi que les aspects liés aux travaux d'exécution, à la charge de MSF, et de l'Assistance Technique correspondante, à la charge de COBA, sont présentés dans cette communication.
Prediction of Over-Consolidated-Ratio for African Soil
Authors: Sarma Diganta  , Dsarma Moumy
Published: February 2025

Consolidation properties of soil are essential for prediction of the deformation characteristics, determination of which involves considerable time, cost, and rigorous testing process. Further, natural state of saturation is not simulated and thus for partially saturated soils the standard odometer test gives misleading results of the evaluated consolidation parameters particularly the Over-Consolidation-Ratio (OCR), which is an important parameter that influences many soil properties of practical significance. In this paper an experimental investigation for a simple yet reliable method has been presented for prediction of OCR of partially saturated soil from the simple index properties. Correlation of simple index properties with the consolidation parameters has been evaluated through modified odometer tests and simulating natural state of saturation and interpreted for African Soil. Further, advantages of this simplified process, which is confined to shallow depth, may essentially be useful for the pavement engineers for rapid and reliable results saving considerable time and cost in detailed investigation.
Pavement Rehabilitation Options for Developing Countries with Marginal Road-building Materials
Authors: De Deus Khaimane M.D.  , Steyn Wynand Jvd
Published: February 2025

Pavement rehabilitation involves measures used to restore, improve, strengthen or salvage existing deficient pavements so that these may continue, with routine maintenance, to carry traffic with adequate speed, safety and comfort. Developing countries around the world are facing serious difficulties to maintain their road networks in a good condition. These difficulties include scarcity of suitable road-building materials, lack of funds for maintenance and construction of new roads and road agencies with insufficient well-qualified technical staff. This paper evaluates possible suggestions for developing countries with marginal road-building materials on pavement rehabilitation options in order to maintain the existing road network in a sound condition. The paper evaluates the different types of rehabilitation methods available internationally, as well as their pros and cons. This is followed by an evaluation of the typical process involved in these methods, and analysis of which aspects are affected by scarcity of good road building materials. The possible effects of usage of marginal road building materials on rehabilitation options are evaluated, and recommendations made as to a procedure for adequate evaluation and rehabilitation of such pavements.
Treatment nd Stabilization of the National Road E.N. 379-1 Hillsides, Between Outão and Portinho da Arrábida
Authors: Dinis Jorge  , Pina João  , Xavier Baldomiro
Published: February 2025

The increase in the occurrence of rock mass destabilization throughout national road EN 379-1's hillsides, between Outão and Portinho da Arrábida, led to its closing to traffic. In order to confer the necessary safety conditions to the road, it was necessary to implement stabilization and protection solutions. The aim of this presentation is to relate the construction solutions adopted on the road and hillsides and to describe the difficulties that occurred during the execution of the works. On the road, concrete structures were essentially executed, such as stabilization walls and protection false tunnels. On the hillsides, the work mostly consisted in the installation of dynamic protection barriers against falling rocks and protection nets, sometimes reinforced with steel cables and soil nailing.
General Slope Stability using Interslice Forces and Flow Nets but avoiding r
Authors: Sparks A.D.W.
Published: February 2025

Several published methods which incorporate inter-slice forces in slope stability calculations make use of the ru factor which is the ratio of the Pore Water Pressure to the Total Vertical Pressure. The value of ruwill have different values for different soil slices. It is incorrect to refer to a so-called “average ru” for a slip surface. Unfortunately several recent text books continue to use an “average ru” for the stability analysis of slopes.
Experimental investigation on durability of a lime stabilised soil
Authors: Russo G.  , Croce P.  , Nocera N.
Published: February 2025

Lime stabilisation is a widely used ground improvement technique, recently employed also for the construction of the structural part of earthworks. This application reduces the demand for quarried aggregates and landfill sites, answering to an increasing environmental emergency. At present the engineering behaviour of lime stabilised soils is comprehensively reported by several guidelines, but relevant aspects such as the durability of the treated soil under working conditions still require further investigations. An experimental investigation has been carried out on a lime stabilised soil used for the construction of highway embankments after several years of service. The treated soil was sampled in the core of the embankment and submitted to an experimental testing program aimed to the determination of the main physical and mechanical properties. The results showed that in situ treatment was still durable. It was also found that the construction process (placement, lime spreading, mixing, compaction) of the stabilised embankments relevantly influenced the geotechnical properties of the in situ treated soil, with a high degree of variation of the mechanical properties along the investigated vertical.
Geological and geotechnical issues pertinent to the construction of Gadouras Dam, Rhodes Island
Authors: Lazaridou S.  , Kavvadas M.  , Marinos P.  , Perleros V.  , Somakos L.
Published: February 2025

The paper discusses some important geological and geotechnical issues pertinent to the construction of Gadouras dam, situated in the southern part of Rhodes island in Greece. It is a 67m-high earthfill dam founded on a clayey shale of flysch (weak rock). Data related to the use of the in-situ flysch as main core material are analysed. The foundation preparation and the reasons for increasing the foundation depth of the core during construction are presented. The effectiveness of trial sand drains below the downstream slope of the cofferdam in accelerating ground consolidation is discussed. Pore pressure measurements in the cofferdam and its foundation are evaluated. Finally, the overall dam behaviour and pore pressure measurements during first impoundment are reviewed.
Static and Seismic Stability analyses of retaining walls for landslide rehabilitation in Mogorce
Authors: Dimitrievski Lj.  , Ilievski D.  , Dimitrievski D.  , Bogoevski B.
Published: February 2025

The aim of this paper is to compare the result of stability analyses during seismic activity of the reinforced concrete retaining wall analyzed with two different methods and two different software packages, GEO 5 and Plaxis 2D. The analyzed wall was design to stop the ongoing land sliding in the area of settlement Mogorce, located in Western Macedonia. The results obtain with the analyses are presented as displacement and bending moment of the structure.
Stabilisation of a deep-seated landslide in order to protect an archaeological site
Authors: Bardanis M.  , Cavounidis S.
Published: February 2025

A deep-seated landslide with base failure occurred on the 80m high slope of an open-pit clay mine used for cement production. The scarp of the landslide lay close to the ruins of a prehistoric settlement with important archaeological findings. The need to protect the archaeological site from possible retroggression of the landslide called for the design of serious stabilisation measures. On the other hand, in order for the operation of the mine to remain economically viable, these measures were limited to excavations for scarp unloading and drainage of surface water. The paper presents the characteristics of the landslide mechanism and the measures designed to stabilise the landslide.
Scientific analyses of the bearing capacity and the deformation behaviour of the Spinnanchor system for engineering practice
Authors: Katzenbach R.  , Leppla S.
Published: February 2025

The Spinnanchor, developed by an Austrian steel company, is a new anchor system to fix structures in the subsoil. The Spinnanchor can be installed on almost every type of terrain, even on steep slopes and in nearly all kinds of subsoil material. On behalf of the developer the Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics at the Technische Universität Darmstadt analysed together with three Austrian scientific research institutions the bearing capacity and the deformation behaviour of the Spinnanchor. Therefore experimental and numerical analyses in different soil materials for varying load directions were achieved. On the basis of the analysis results the application of the Spinnanchor in engineering practice has been realised. This paper focuses on the experimental and numerical analysis of the bearing capacity and the deformation behaviour, the installation of the anchor and possible applications for time-dependent and time-independent tasks. Up to now the Spinnanchor has been used for several applications, for example to avoid avalanches in the Alps, for ground improvement of slopes, for the foundation of civil engineering structures and for the stabilisation of forestry and construction machines on steep slopes [1], [2].
Performance assessment of Izmirspor metro station
Authors: Oral S.Ü.  , Çetin K.O.  , Erol O.  , İnci G.  , Delice M.
Published: February 2025

Within the scope of this manuscript, 3-D finite element assessments performed for Izmir-Turkey Metro Project, İzmirspor Station will be presented with field ground deformation monitoring data for comparison purposes. Metro Tunnels were constructed using the New Austrian Method (NATM) and excavation of Izmirspor station structure was performed by cut and cover. The Station judged to be very critical and difficult to execute due to its relatively shallow depth, proximity to residential structures and complex geometry consisting of elevator tunnels, shafts, station tunnels and inclined stair tunnels. For the purpose of monitoring the performance of existing structures, a detailed monitoring program was executed including but not limited to topographical surveys, inclinometer and extensometer measurements. Predictions of the numerical assessment are judged to be consistent with monitored ground deformations. No significant structural performance problems were encountered at existing structures due to executed underground metro station construction. This is most part due to carefully tailored excavation and construction support sequences along with relatively competent nature of foundation rock/soil.
Special type retaining walls in the conditions of weak rocks
Authors: Vilcul Yu.G.  , Timchenko R.O.  , Popov S.O.  , Krishko D.A.
Published: February 2025

New structural features, the special type retaining walls work applied for weak rocks at uneven deformations of grounds and on slide slopes are considered; advantages of the offered structural solutions are shown.