bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Prospects of Non-aqueous Solvents for Designing Injectables Parenteral Formulation
Authors: Hatwar Bhushan , Jain Ashish , Singhai Akhlesh Kumar
Published: August 2023

The most efficient method for delivering pharmaceutically active compounds with a limited therapeutic index and low bioavailability is via parenteral administration. Depending on the patient's location and the type of ailment being treated, injectable medication products are quite different and specialized. Water-insoluble medications have long been dissolved using non-aqueous solvents in subcutaneous or intramuscular pharmaceutical formulations. The necessity for these transporters has grown recently as a result of the drug discovery process' production of numerous medicines with poor water solubility. The formulator uses nonaqueous solvents to create stable, practical parenteral dosage forms. The drawbacks of suspensions, such as non-uniform dosing caking and the potential sluggish release of the medication when it is not wanted, are avoided by using a parenteral solution. These organic solvents, which are thought to be inert chemically and physiologically, could have toxicological and pharmacological consequences. Therefore, prior to their administration, especially when given undiluted, it is crucial to understand the tolerance and activity of nonaqueous solvents. Propylene glycol, polyethylene glycols, and ethanol are examples of well-researched organic solvents. Other solvents include those described for specific applications (dimethyl sulfoxide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, glycofurol, Solketal, glycerol formal, acetone), those not reported for intravascular applications but potentially useful (tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, diglyme, dimethyl isosorbide, e In addition to some specialized and infrequently used nonaqueous solvents, this overview discusses their toxicity, chemical and physical characteristics, and applications in parenteral formulations.
Pendidikan Islam di Iran Pasca Revolusi
Authors: Sari Salwa Atika , Prastowo Andi
Published: August 2023

Gerakan revolusi yang dipimpin oleh Khomeini, berhasil menumbangkan sistem monarki dan mendirikan negara republik dengan menerapkan syariat Islam dalam kehidupan bernegara dan bermasyarakat, sesuai dengan mazhab syiah Itsna’ Asyariyah. Setelah revolusi Islam Iran tahun 1979, sistem pendidikan Iran mengalami perubahan yang sangat mendasar, semua upaya pendidikan serta pengajaran harus sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam. Upaya-upaya pendidikan juga harus diarahkan pada penggunaan al-Quran, tradisi Islam, dan konstitusi republik Islam Iran sebagai dasar dalam merumuskan tujuan dan sasaran pendidikan.  Iran menyediakan sarana cuma-cuma bagi para pemuda dan anak-anak sampai tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Metode pengajaran menggunakan hafalan. Kurikulum pendidikan Islam di Iran menganut sistem sentralistik yang kurikulum diatur oleh pemerintah pusat. sedangkan perguruan tinggi, di mana dosenlah yang menentukan isi mata kuliahnya. Madrasah tertua berada di iran seperti madrasah miyan dahiyah, al-bahaqiyah, dan Nizhamiyyah.
Analisis Kebijakan Pendidikan Islam di Malaysia
Authors: Basyid Has Abdul
Published: August 2023

Malaysia is a country that has many ethnic groups with a total population of around 28 million people. With the dominance of the Malay tribe, parts of China and India made the government system of the Malaysian state apply the royal system. The leader of the country is led by the king or what is called Pertuan Agung. The domination of Malays and adherents of Islam in Malaysia has had an impact on the educational policies taken by the state. The Malaysian state Education Act 1996 contains the teachings of Islam and morals in the education system in Malaysia. However, actually the educational model and the background to the emergence of the education system in Malaysia which regulates the application of Islam and morals still need to be studied more deeply. So, researchers are interested in this. The research method used is library research (literature study), used analysis is comparative analysis. The results of the study show that the educational model is carried out thoroughly by the Malaysian ministry of education. The background that arises is the result of the desire to make the educational outcomes of students become someone who is balanced and harmonious between intellectual, spiritual, emotional and physical based on belief in and obedience to God.
Implementasi Evaluasi Pendidikan (الفتنة, البلاء, العدد, الاحصاء, المسؤل) di SMP Hang Nadim Malay School Batam
Authors: Sunariah Sunariah
Published: August 2023

Al-Qur’an telah memberikan perhatian yang sungguh-sungguh terhadap masalah evaluasi pendidikan dengan berbagai istilah seperti: al-ma’sul, al-ihsha’, al-‘adad, al-bala’, al-fitnah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi evaluasi pendidikan pada jenjang pendidikan sekolah menengah pertama. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan evaluasi pendidika di SMP Hang Nadim Malay School secara konsep telah relevan, namun dalam prakteknya belum sistematis. Sementara fasilitas sekolah sangat mendukung evaluasi pendidikan, sehingga dalam hal evaluasi masih diperlukan pelatihan yang lebih holistik dan komprehensif.
An Analysis of Students’ Motivation in Learning English During Pandemic Covid-19 at the Seventh Grade of SMPN 1 Bukit Batu
Authors: Mashitah Mashitah , Kurniati Kurniati , Ervina Ervina
Published: August 2023

This research is motivated by most of the students have low participation in learning English during pandemic COVID-19. The aim is to know Students' intrinsic motivation and Students’ extrinsic motivation in learning English during pandemic COVID-19. The method used is a survey method with a quantitative descriptive approach. The subjects of this research are the students of seventh grade of SMPN 1 Bukit Batu in the academic year of 2021/2022. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling, the researcher takes the sample using lottery so that this study used 86 students to be used as samples. The data in this study were obtained by distributing questionnaires in the form of statements using a Likert scale. Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistics. The results of this study show that 1) The average level of students' intrinsic motivation in learning English during the pandemic COVID-19 is in the excellent category. 2) Average level of students' extrinsic motivation in learning English during the pandemic COVID-19 in the Good category
A study on the property of Shortform Contents of 'Sketch Comedy’: Focused on the YouTube channels, “Short Box” and “Nerdult”
Authors:   K-Culture·Story Contents Research Institute, Yun Ji-A
Published: August 2023

This study analyzes the concepts and characteristics of American sketch comedy and examines the re-conceptualization, characteristics, and empathy of Korean sketch comedy through YouTube channels “Shortbox” and “Nerdult.” The American sketch comedy, which began in the late 1950s, appeared through various media such as TV, movies, comedies, and live performances. The themes were mainly political satire, identity, ideology, and parody. The characteristics of the American sketch comedy can be summarized into 'simplicity', 'restrictiveness', 'completeness', 'diversity', 'recursivity', and 'tendency'. The change in content consumption of modern people, defined as Homo Mobilicus and Homo Telephonicus, is changing along with the mobility culture. Therefore, there was a change in the method of enjoyment and composition of Korean sketch comedy with American sketch comedy as a blind child. Through this, Korean sketch comedy can be reconceptualized as a “comedy in the form of short form content consumed only on SNS.” In addition, the characteristics of Korean sketch comedy include 'autonomy', 'shortening', 'visibility', 'volatile', 'limited', and 'daily'. Simplicity and crackdownability can be seen in common with US sketch comedy, and limiting them to SNS media is the biggest difference. The method of inducing empathy, which is a characteristic of Korean schema comedy, could be divided into two. The channel “Nerdult” focuses more on setting and describing situations than setting characters through daily expressions. The channel “Shortbox” uses a method of expressing the triviality of everyday life through the verbal and non-verbal content of the character and the description of the situation.
ASMR contents through trigger: Focusing on the cases of ASMR YouTube in Korea
Authors:   K-Culture·Story Contents Research Institute, Park Se-Eun
Published: August 2023

As SNS became popular and the single-person media market grew, new contents and forms of content that did not exist in the past were created. ASMR is a case in point. ASMR is a “tingle” that feels thrilling or psychologically pleasant in a specific body part by the stimulation mechanism “trigger,” which is difficult to explain, but it is also understood as a pleasant feeling. ASMR, which was unfamiliar to Korea about 10 years ago, has now become a popular content not only abroad but also in Korea. However, the majority of previous studies that sanction ASMR in Korea are limited to studies that analyze the effects or reactions of audiences, viewing motivation, and use in the advertising industry. This paper aims to categorize the production method by using ASMR videos as basic data. The types of triggers will be subdivided and examined, and a framework will be established to analyze ASMR images based on the presence or absence of narratives in the video, the audience's point of view, and the time of recording. In addition, after analyzing ASMR videos that became popular in Korea using this production type framework, implications were derived. Popular ASMR content in Korea tended to use object sounds and talking sounds as the main triggers, and complex triggers were used without using one trigger. In addition, the number of reality imitation situations or fantasy situations was dominant in proportion over realistic types of content without narratives. It is expected that this study will spark various interests in related follow-up studies as well as various fields that will use ASMR.
En Antioquia no más ciegos por Diabetes. Veinticinco años en prevención de la ceguera
Authors: Bravo-Acosta Juan David
Published: August 2023

25 years ago, we started in Antioquia the campaign “No more blind from diabetes”. This campaign was possible due to the collaboration of the Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Antioquia University, the Ophthalmology programs of Pontificia Bolivariana University and CES University. This campaign is held annually around November 14. In 2022 we commemorated version No. 25. Results: We have evaluated approximately 15,000 patients to the present time, an average of 600 per year. Among all these patients 50% attend for the first time each year, 70% are females and 80% are type 2 diabetics. We found a prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) of 15.5% and 64% of these patients are females. These patients have been diagnosed with diabetes for about 12 years and they have shown poor metabolic control of their diabetes with an average glycosylated Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) of 11.2% (normal range below 5.7%). The stage of the retinopathy showed that 70% of the patients had the non-proliferative form. We found that 1 out of 3 patients presented with severe visual loss due to severe non-proliferative retinopathy and macular edema. The main etiology of chronic vision loss in diabetic patients is diabetic macular edema found in 22% of the patients and the majority were females with type 2 diabetes over 60 years of age with an average HbA1C of 10%. Conclusions: This is the largest screening and ongoing test for DR done in Colombia, South America. This study focuses on the most vulnerable population and the results provide relevant information about the epidemiology of this disease. The results generate awareness about early diagnosis, medical care of its complications, education of the population, and the proper guidance for their treatment and rehabilitation.
La organización delictiva y su incidencia en la crisis Carcelaria en Cuenca - 2021
Authors: Tacuri Loayza Karla Samantha , Arévalo Vásquez Carmen Elizabeth
Published: August 2023

En la actualidad, el sistema penitenciario ecuatoriano atraviesa por una grave crisis, imposible de ser controlada, por lo que la presente investigación se enfoca en determinar las posibles causas de la crisis carcelaria e incidencia de la delincuencia organizada, en la provincia de Azuay, cantón Cuenca en el año 2021. Para ello se siguió el método cualitativo, utilizando doctrina, jurisprudencia, bases de datos científicos, recopilando información para determinar los problemas que adolece el sistema penitenciario y rehabilitación social del Ecuador. La revisión bibliográfica reveló que la crisis en las cárceles es efecto de los problemas políticos y falta de organización estructural – administrativa estatal, así como, de políticas jurídicas fallidas. Se determinó que la prisión preventiva es una medida cautelar de ultima ratio que no está siendo debidamente aplicada, ya que no se toman en cuenta medidas alternativas señaladas en la ley, especialmente en casos de delitos menores. Uno de los resultados más relevantes obtenidos, es que la violencia entre miembros de bandas delictivas en las cárceles se origina para obtener poder, imponiendo miedo y terror mediante la muerte violenta de reos de bandas contrarias. Finalmente, se concluye, que el Estado debe contar con estructuras penitenciarias mejor equipadas y organizadas, garantizando la seguridad y derechos a las personas privadas de la libertad; además, modificar las penas en delitos menores, aplicando medidas alternativas, también, respecto a lo que señala la ley penal, separar a reos de acuerdo con la gravedad del delito; así como mejorar el control interno, para evitar la conformación de mafias.
Turismo de Salud en Colombia: Un enfoque estratégico
Authors: Mantilla Mejía Hernando , López Mallama Oscar Marino , Salazar Villegas Billy
Published: August 2023

El turismo de salud es un ecosistema en evolución a nivel mundial, y Colombia no es la excepción. En los últimos años, el país ha experimentado un aumento significativo en el número de turistas internacionales que viajan a Colombia con el objetivo de recibir tratamientos médicos y terapias de bienestar. Este aumento ha tenido un impacto significativo en la economía nacional, ya que los turistas gastan dinero en el país, generando ingresos y empleos en Colombia. Identificar las estrategias del turismo en salud desarrolladas en Colombia entre 2015 a 2019. evisión de tema, con búsqueda sistemática de información bibliográfica, se utilizaron los descriptores: “Mercado de Salud”, “Turismo en Salud”, “Economía de la Salud”, “Calidad de Salud”, “Estrategia”, “Terapias de Bienestar” en las bases de datos Scielo, Google Scholar, PubMed. Se encontró que las principales ciudades de Colombia cuentan con una buena posición regional en términos de turismo en salud destacándose por la oferta de servicios en odontología, cirugía estética y terapias de bienestar. Las principales ciudades de Colombia han establecido zonas francas en salud en búsqueda de la minimización de costos en los tratamientos. Se requiere que los prestadores de servicios de salud se certifiquen con sistemas de calidad internacional para atender el mercado externo. Las ciudades deben trabajar en equipo con los prestadores de servicios de salud, con las agremiaciones y con los actores asociados a la industria turística que interactúa con el ecosistema de salud colombiano.
Factores asociados al síndrome de sobrecarga del cuidador en familiares y amigos de pacientes esquizofrénicos
Authors: Flores Fiallos Sara Lilibeth
Published: August 2023

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar los factores asociados al Síndrome de Sobrecarga del Cuidador en familiares y amigos de pacientes esquizofrénicos, debido a que cumplen con el rol de ser cuidadores informales y presentan un estado de estrés continuo, además que descuidan su salud por estar enfocados en el bienestar del dependiente. Es tipo descriptivo ya que se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, Elsevier, SciELO, NCBI, Organización Mundial de la Salud de los últimos 5 años. Se determinó que existen factores como el nivel socioeconómico bajo, tiempo de cuidado diario, estado ocupacional, entre otros que influyen en la sobrecarga. Se sugiere promover estrategias de intervención a partir de la identificación de factores asociados a la presencia de sobrecarga, las cuales brinden mayor soporte a las familias de los pacientes con esquizofrenia.
Cost–effectiveness of ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft for the treatment of polycythemia vera
Authors: Gerds Aaron T , Castro Claudia , Snopek Frank , Flynn Megan M , Ellis Alexandra G , Manning Meredith , Urbanski Ray
Published: August 2023

Aim:
Patients with polycythemia vera (PV), a rare and chronic blood cancer, are at a higher risk for thromboembolic events, progression to myelofibrosis, and leukemic transformation. In 2021, ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft (BESREMi
®
) was approved in the US to treat adults with PV. The purpose of this study is to estimate the cost–effectiveness of ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft, used as a first- or second-line treatment, for the treatment of patients with PV in the US.
Materials & methods:
A Markov cohort model was developed from the healthcare system perspective in the United States. Model inputs were informed by the PROUD-PV and CONTINUATION-PV studies and published literature. The model population included both low-risk and high-risk patients with PV. The model compared ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft used either as first- or second-line versus an alternative treatment pathway of first-line hydroxyurea followed by ruxolitinib.
Results:
Over the modeled lifetime, ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft provided an additional 0.4 higher quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and 0.4 life-years with an added cost of USD60,175, resulting in a cost per QALY of USD141,783. The model was sensitive to treatment costs, the percentage of patients who discontinue hydroxyurea, the percentage of ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft users who switch to monthly dosing, the percentage of ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft users as 2nd line treatment, and the treatment response rates. A younger patient age at baseline and a higher percentage of patients with low-risk disease improved the cost–effectiveness of ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft.
Conclusion:
Ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft is a cost-effective treatment option for a broad range of patients with PV, including both low- and high-risk patients and patients with and without prior cytoreductive treatment with hydroxyurea.
O DEBATE ENTRE FREGE E RUSSELL E A QUESTÃO DA VERDADE NAS SENTENÇAS DA LITERATURA
Authors: Vitória Paulo Andrade
Published: August 2023

Nesta comunicação abordo o debate entre Frege e Russell, em filosofia da linguagem, a fim de refletir sobre a questão da verdade de sentenças que não possuem referência. Essa reflexão é importante porque nos permite pensar também sobre sentenças da literatura ficcional. Para a exposição da minha comunicação, percorro o seguinte caminho: apresento a distinção fregeana entre o sentido (Sinn) e a referência (Bedeutung). Indico como Frege usa essa distinção para tratar dos casos de nomes que não possuem referência, bem como de sentenças que contêm esses tipos de nomes; depois disso, exponho a teoria das descrições de Russell; aponto como ele usa essa teoria para demonstrar que sentenças que possuem nomes sem referência podem ser declaradas falsas; por último, indico que a posição de Frege é mais adequada em filosofia da linguagem para dar conta de sentenças da literatura ficcional.
„de mi invención“?
Authors: Gade Regina
Published: August 2023

In der Arbeit werden Francisco de Goyas Werke untersucht, die in den ersten fünfzehn Jahren seines Dienstes am spanischen Königshof entstanden und dem Maler den Weg ebneten, an dessen Ende er das Amt eines Hofmalers mit einem festen Einkommen erlangte: Teppichkartons, Velázquez-Kopien in Form von Zeichnungen und Radierungen, Porträts von Mitgliedern der Hocharistokratie, der Staatsbank und des königlichen Hofes. Die Analysen ergeben, dass sich Goya in seinen Gemälden ‒ auf der Suche nach einem eigenen Stil und von zeitgenössischen kunsttheoretischen Debatten angeregt ‒ ständig mit Anton Raphael Mengs‘ europaweit gerühmtem klassizistischem Idealismus und Diego Velázquez‘ national-patriotisch gefördertem Realismus auseinandersetzt.

 

Biographische Informationen

Regina Gade, Studium der deutschen und französischen Philologie (Staatsexamen), Studium der Kunstgeschichte, spanischen Philologie und Philosophie (Magister) und Promotion in Kunstgeschichte an der LMU München.

 

Reihe

Kunstgeschichte (tuduv) - Band 85
Performance Analysis of 5G New Radio LDPC over Different Multipath Fading Channel Models
Authors:   Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Hussein Ali Mohammed , Al-Rubaye Ghanim A.
Published: August 2023

The creation and developing of a wireless network communication that is fast, secure, dependable, and cost-effective enough to suit the needs of the modern world is a difficult undertaking. Channel coding schemes must be chosen carefully to ensure timely and error-free data transfer in a noisy and fading channel. To ensure that the data received matches the data transmitted, channel coding is an essential part of the communication system's architecture. NR LDPC (New Radio Low Density Parity Check) code has been recommended for the fifth-generation (5G) to achieve the need for more internet traffic capacity in mobile communications and to provide both high coding gain and low energy consumption. This research presents NR-LDPC for data transmission over two different multipath fading channel models, such as Nakagami-m and Rayleigh in AWGN. The BER performance of the NR-LDPC code using two kinds of rate-compatible base graphs has been examined for the QAM-OFDM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system and compared to the uncoded QAM-OFDM system. The BER performance obtained via Monte Carlo simulation demonstrates that the LDPC works efficiently with two different kinds of channel models: those that do not fade and those that fade and achieves significant BER improvements with high coding gain. It makes sense to use LDPC codes in 5G because they are more efficient for long data transmissions, and the key to a good code is an effective decoding algorithm. The results demonstrated a coding gain improvement of up to 15 dB at 10-3 BER.
A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques for Cyberbullying Detection on FormSpring in Textual Modality
Authors:   JSS Academy of Technical Education Bengaluru/ Department of Information Science and Engineering, Bengaluru, 560060, India, V. Sahana , K. M. Anil Kumar , Darem Abdulbasit A.
Published: August 2023

Social media usage has increased tremendously with the rise of the internet and it has evolved into the most powerful networking platform of the twenty-first century. However, a number of undesirable phenomena are associated with increased use of social networking, such as cyberbullying (CB), cybercrime, online abuse and online trolling. Especially for children and women, cyberbullying can have severe psychological and physical effects, even leading to self-harm or suicide. Because of its significant detrimental social impact, the detection of CB text or messages on social media has attracted more research work. To mitigate CB, we have proposed an automated cyberbullying detection model that detects and classifies cyberbullying content as either bullying or non-bullying (binary classification model), creating a more secure social media experience. The proposed model uses Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques and Machine Learning (ML) approaches to assess cyberbullying contents. Our main goal is to assess different machine learning algorithms for their performance in cyberbullying detection based on a labelled dataset from Formspring [1]. Nine popular machine learning classifiers namely Bootstrap Aggregation or Bagging, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), Linear Support Vector Classifier (Linear SVC), Logistic Regression (LR), Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB) and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) are considered for the work. In addition, we have experimented with a feature extraction method namely CountVectorizer to obtain features that aid for better classification. The results show that the classification accuracy of AdaBoost classifier is 86.52% which is found better than all other machine learning algorithms used in this study. The proposed work demonstrates the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in automatic cyberbullying detection as against the very intense and time-consuming approaches for the same problem, thereby by facilitating easy incorporation of an effective approach as tools across different platforms enabling people to use social media safely.
Encryption Using Binary Key Sequences in Chaotic Cryptosystem
Authors:   J.N.N. College of Engineering / Department of Information Science & Engineering, Shivamogga-577204, Karnataka, India, G. M. Vishwas C. , Kunte R. Sanjeev , Chandrappa Varun Yarehalli
Published: August 2023

Transmission of images on the network is considered insecure which has security-related issues. In this paper, to provide security to digital images, an encryption system that uses four chaotic maps for binary key sequence generation is proposed. The system consists of stages namely, confusion, generation of random binary chaotic key sequence, pseudo-random number generation (RN), and diffusion. Keys for encryption are chosen randomly based on a pseudo random generator from the selected chaotic maps by the linear feedback shift register (LFSR). The algorithm achieves good results in terms of NPCR, UACI, and entropy values. The developed cryptosystem resists differential attacks, is sensitive to minor alterations in the keys, and has a large key space.
Distributed Denial of Service Attack Detection Using Hyper Calls Analysis in Cloud
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Bharathi Women’s College, Chennai, India, Umamaheswari K. , Subramanian Nalini , Subramaniyan Manikandan
Published: August 2023

In the scenario of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are increasing in a significant manner, the attacks should be mitigated in the beginning itself to avoid its devastating consequences for any kind of business. DDoS attack can slow down or completely block online services of business like websites, email or anything that faces internet. The attacks are frequently originating from cloud virtual machines for anonymity and wide network bandwidth. Hyper-Calls Analysis(HCA) enables the tracing of command flow to detect any clues for the occurrence of malicious activity in the system. A DDoS attack detection approach proposed in this paper works in the hypervisor side to perform hyper calls based introspection with machine learning algorithms. The system evaluates system calls in hypervisor for the classification of malicious activities through Support Vector Machine and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SVM & SGD) Algorithms. The attack environment created using XOIC attacker tool and CPU death ping libraries. The system’s performance also evaluated on CICDDOS 2019 dataset. The experimental results reveal that more than 99.6% of accuracy in DDoS detection without degrading performance.
Reliable Data Delivery Using Fuzzy Reinforcement Learning in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, JNTUK, Kakinada, Gudla Sateesh , Rao Kuda Nageswara
Published: August 2023

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been envisioned as a potential paradigm in sensing technologies. Achieving energy efficiency in a wireless sensor network is challenging since sensor nodes have confined energy. Due to the multi-hop communication, sensor nodes spend much energy re-transmitting dropped packets. Packet loss may be minimized by finding efficient routing paths. In this research, a routing using fuzzy logic and reinforcement learning procedure is designed for WSNs to determine energy-efficient paths; to achieve reliable data delivery. Using the node’s characteristics, the reward is determined via fuzzy logic. For this paper, we employ reinforcement learning to improve the rewards, computed by considering the quality of the link, available free buffer of node, and residual energy. Further, simulation efforts have been made to illustrate the proposed mechanism’s efficacy in energy consumption, delivery delay of the packets, number of transmissions, and lifespan.
Interpretable Fuzzy System for Early Detection Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, India, Prasad Rajan , Shukla Praveen Kumar
Published: August 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a chronic developmental impairment that impairs a person's ability to communicate and connect with others. In people with ASD, social contact and reciprocal communication are continually jeopardized. People with ASD may require varying degrees of psychological aid in order to gain greater independence, or they may require ongoing supervision and care. Early discovery of ASD results in more time allocated to individual rehabilitation. In this study, we proposed the fuzzy classifier for ASD classification and tested its interpretability with the fuzzy index and Nauck's index to ensure its reliability. Then, the rule base is created with the Gauje tool. The fuzzy rules were then applied to the fuzzy neural network to predict autism. The suggested model is built on the Mamdani rule set and optimized using the backpropagation algorithm. The proposed model uses a heuristic function and pattern evolution to classify dataset. The model is evaluated using the benchmark metrics accuracy and F-measure, and Nauck's index and fuzzy index are employed to quantify interpretability. The proposed model is superior in its ability to accurately detect ASD, with an average accuracy rate of 91% compared to other classifiers.
Software Implementation of Modular Reduction by Pseudo-mersenne Primes
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, National Aviation University, 1, Liubomyra Huzara ave., Kyiv, 03058, Ukraine, Kovtun Mariia , Kovtun Vladyslav , Stokipnyi Oleksandr , Okhrimenko Andrew
Published: August 2023

Modern cryptosystems allow the use of operation in prime fields with special kind of modules that can speed up the prime field operation: multiplication, squaring, exponentiation. The authors took into account in the optimizations: the CPU architecture and the multiplicity of the degree of the modulus in relation to the machine word width. As example, shown adopted module reduction algorithms hard-coded for modern CPU in special form of pseudo-Mersenne prime used in MAC algorithm Poly1305, - in electronic signature algorithm EdDSA and - in short message encryption algorithm DSTU 9041. These algorithms have been software implemented on both 32-bit and 64-bit platforms and compared with Barrett modular reduction algorithm for different pseudo-Mersenne and generalized-Mersenne modules. Timings for proposed and Barrett algorithms for different modules are presented and discussed.
Comparative Analysis of Data Mining Techniques for Predicting the Yield of Agricultural Crops
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of science and technology, American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB), Dhaka, Bangladesh, Das Utshab , Islam Hasan Sanjary , Avi Kakon Paul , Adil Ajmayeen , Nandi Dip
Published: August 2023

Predicting crop yields is one of the more difficult tasks in the agriculture sector. A fascinating area of research to estimate agricultural productivity has emerged from recent advancements in information technology for agriculture. Crop yield prediction is a technique for estimating crop production based on a variety of factors, including weather conditions and parameters such as temperature, rainfall, fertilizer, and pesticide use. In the world of agriculture, Data mining techniques are extremely popular. In order to predict the crop production for the following year, data mining techniques are employed and evaluated in the agricultural sector. In this paper, we carried out the comparison between Naive Bayes, K-nearest neighbor, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and K-Means clustering algorithms to predict crop yield in order to determine which method is most effective at doing so. The results show which algorithm is better suitable for this particular purpose by comparing these data mining algorithms for agricultural crop production and determining which algorithm is more successful for this outcome.
Implementation of Python Interoperability in Java through TCP Socket Communication
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, University of Technology and Applied Sciences - Shinas, Oman, Dhandayuthapani V. Bala
Published: August 2023

Programming language interoperability is highly desirable for a variety of reasons, such as the fact that if a programmer implements specific functionality that has previously been implemented in another language, the software component can simply be reused. Because they are particularly well-suited and efficient at implementing features, certain languages regularly arise to handle issue areas. There are numerous third-party programs available for a variety of languages. When programmers have experience with and preferences for several programming languages, collaboration on complex projects is easier. A range of techniques and methods have been used to handle various cross-language communication challenges. The importance of interoperability and cross-language communication between Java and Python via socket programming is examined in this research article through an empirical model of different execution environment paradigms that can help guide the development of improved approaches for integrating Python libraries with Java without the need for extra libraries or third-party libraries. The interoperability strategy benefits from the quality and availability of Python libraries in Java by cutting down on development time, maintenance needs, general usability, upkeep, and system integration without incurring additional costs. It is versatile to use this interoperability strategy since identical scripts are run in Java client contexts in the same way that they were used in Python. There are different Python modules used in the research article to exemplify and evaluate the expressions, built-in functions, strings, collections, data exploration, statistical data analysis using NumPy, SciPy, and Pandas, and Scikit-Learn for machine learning with linear regression.
What Is a Policy Framework? An Attempt at Conceptualization
Authors: Maryna Lakhno
Published: August 2023

The term “policy framework” is frequently used. Surprisingly, however, there are no definitions for it; nor have there been any systematic attempts to conceptualize or clarify what a policy framework is. The fact that in spite of its ubiquitous use the term is not defined might signify that its meaning is considered self-evident. In reality, however, as we will show in this article, this is not the case – far from it. Even if it were, the place of the term “policy framework” in the public policy vocabulary and as a concept in the cognitive universe of public policy is too important to dispense with the task of defining it explicitly. The present article outlines a rationale for the conceptualization of the term and an approach towards achieving it. The main justification for attempting a definition of the concept is the need for cognitive hygiene. Methodologically, this research is inspired by the thinking of Sartori (1970) and scholarship surrounding his ideas on concept formation. Indeed, the paper does not aim to ‘reinvent the wheel’ in public policy, but strives to extract the meaning of “policy framework” from already existing definitions, implicit if not explicit, and, in this way, to systematize pre-existing scholarship by providing empirical references to current policy frameworks across thematic fields.
Pelatihan Pengelolaan Keuangan Pribadi Berbasis Digital Pada Siswa-Siswi SMK Negeri 2 Denpasar
Authors: Anak Agung Ayu Intan Wulandari  , Dewi Gita Apsari
Published: August 2023

Siswa-siswi Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan merupakan generasi Z yang sudah sangat fasih dengan teknologi dalam kesehariannya. Disisi lain, terdapat kekosongan berupa rendahnya pengetahuan mereka terhadap pengelolaan keuangan yang tepat. Penulis bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi siswa-siswi SMK Negeri 2 Denpasar dalam pengelolaan keuangan pribadi berbasis digital. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan pemberian materi mengenai pengelolaan keuangan secara teoritis, kemudian pendampingan penggunaan aplikasi Wallet, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Kegiatan ini mampu memberikan tambahan kompetensi bagi para siswa-siswi kelas XII yang mengikuti pelatihan ini. Siswa-siswi SMK Negeri 2 Denpasar kelas XII yang mengikuti pelatihan ini mampu melakukan perencanaan dan pencatatan transaksi keuangan pada aplikasi Wallet yang dapat diakses melalui smartphone
Use of deslorelin acetate to advance ovulation in goats for timed artificial insemination
Authors: Stewart Jamie , Helms Alyssa , Clark Sherrie , Perry George , Frieden Elizabeth , Lee Adelaide , Legg Sarah , Tak Mishta , Waldrop Steven , Pelzer Kevin
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of deslorelin in advancing ovulation for timed artificial insemination (AI) protocols in goats. We hypothesized that deslorelin treatment advances the onset of ovulation and improves AI pregnancy rates. Does were synchronized using a 5-day CIDR (controlled internal drug releasing insert) protocol with prostaglandin treatment at CIDR insertion. For Experiment 1, does received 0.2 mg of intramuscular deslorelin (n = 9) or saline (control, n = 10) at CIDR removal. Serial blood collections and transrectal ultrasonography were performed to assess ovarian dynamics and identify ovulation. For Experiment 2, does received 0.2 mg of intramuscular deslorelin (n = 42), 5 ml of PMSG (pregnant mare serum gonadotropin)/hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) (n = 42), or were left untreated (control, n = 42) at CIDR removal, and were subsequently bred by transcervical AI with fresh semen after 48 to 56 hours. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed at 50 and 90 days after AI. In Experiment 1, compared to control does, deslorelin-treated does had an increased (p < 0.01) number of ovulations and increased (p < 0.01) serum estradiol concentrations from 48 to 72 hours after CIDR removal. Serum progesterone concentrations did not differ between treatments. In Experiment 2, there was a main effect (p = 0.02) of treatment on pregnancy rates, with control does tending (p = 0.06) to have greater pregnancy rates than those treated with deslorelin or PMSG/hCG. Deslorelin treatment also resulted in decreased (p = 0.04) breeding season pregnancy rates and increased (p = 0.05) number of cycles to achieve pregnancy compared to control does. These results demonstrated that deslorelin not only has a super-ovulatory effect but also, at the dose given, can negatively impact does’ subsequent ovarian function and ability to achieve pregnancy.
Efecto en el rendimiento escolar observado en el cambio de modalidad a distancia durante los primeros meses de confinamiento en pandemia por Covid- 19
Authors: Martínez Soto Alma Flor , Cervantes Clara Emynick
Published: August 2023

Durante pandemia, los alumnos dejaron las escuelas para iniciar una nueva modalidad a distancia, este cambio repentino evidenció diferentes problemáticas en la práctica docente y en el aprendizaje. La presente investigación de enfoque mixto se centra en el cambio observado en el rendimiento escolar en alumnos de una preparatoria pública de Mazatlán Sinaloa en el paso de modalidad presencial a distancia en el ciclo escolar (2019-2020). Los datos observados muestran las diferentes realidades que vivimos.  Las diferencias económicas, la falta de medios de comunicación virtuales indispensables y la falta de conocimientos autogestivos, son algunos de los hallazgos encontrados y su impacto en el rendimiento escolar.
Test THE NITTY-GRITTY OF WRITING A RESEARCH ARTICLE IN MEDICAL JOURNAL
Authors: JMMDC Journal of Multan Medical & Dental College
Published: August 2023

Getting published a research article in a medical journal is a sensational experience as it symbolizes the aftermath and acknowledgment of a strenuous course. Solely, a research article can have implications in clinical practice if it has followed a clear and through path and can be a savior for the patients. Envisaging a research idea, practically working on it, writing a research article by a health care provider and printing an article by editors are both crucial quality concerns. Mutually they should know the expectations of each other. This editorial features the guiding principles of writing a worthy scientific piece of research so that it is not excluded by any editor from the journal.
Three Blocks
Authors: LeMon Kathryn ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: August 2023

How would we treat others, if they wore our face? In this work of absurdist philosophical fiction, the narrator walks three blocks each day from her car to her work. However, she has a unique situation whereby those in need “wear her face.” This makes it nearly impossible for her to ignore the plight of the homeless man selling flowers to make extra money, the beggar in front of the coffee shop asking for change, or the woman picking up her belongings in the rain. Ajmal, her coworker, doesn’t share her ability to see his face others, and, like most people, ignores the plight of others around him. He calls the narrator a saint, but she argues otherwise. She argues that, given what she sees, she really has no choice but to help. The story ends with the narrator being locked outside overnight, and another person with a similar skill, finds her and gives her a place to stay for the night.
Cicada
Authors: Dylan Ishan ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: August 2023

Is it possible to share a world changing discovery in an equitable way? If a new Galileo came forward today, would you be on his side? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, the Krish is a newspaper reporter reporting on Dr. Zhang’s alleged new discovery; the instantons and inexpensive transportation of matter to and from anywhere in the universe. NASA declares the invention a hoax, but is proven wrong when Dr. Zhang writes out in the Martian soil, “Believe me now?” Dr. Zhang, however, destroys the research for her work and refuses to tell the world the basis for her invention, fearing it will be shared based on a purely profit-driven motive rather than for the general good. In response, Dr. Zhang is taken into custody by the US government. She is later announced dead, from an apparent suicide.
Tempus Fugit
Authors: Ayshford Hilary ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: August 2023

Who deserves to live the longest? How do you know if you should give or take extra time from others? In this philosophical short story fiction, Shelia gets a strange letter in the mail on her 69th birthday, along with a pamphlet from a strange company she has never heard of. She ignores the mailer, but a few weeks later, two salesmen arrive at her door. They explain to her that “everyone gets 70 years of life,” on average, but that it’s possible to give, or take, extra life from others. Life can be given, or taken, from those you know, or complete strangers. Perhaps some are more (artists, scientists) or less (criminals, drug addicts) deserving of the life they were naturally given. This is all too much for Shelia, who decides to simply put off the question for another day. Her 70th birthday eventually arrives, and the salesmen are back, asking for her decision. Should she give a few years to a loved one? If she does nothing, they explain to her, the community deficient will be taken from society as a whole. After due consideration, Shelia tears up the contracts, and decides to make no decision at all.
The Thematic Significance of the Scenery in Plato’s Phaedrus
Authors: Brown Ryan M. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2023

In this essay, I discuss the philosophical significance of three features of the Phaedrus’s dramatic scenery: the myth of Boreas, the two trees Socrates singles out upon arriving at the grove, and the grove itself. I argue that attention to these three features of the dramatic scenery helps us better understand the Phaedrus’s account of erōs.
Aristotle on Bivalence and Truth-value Distribution
Authors: Weidemann Hermann ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2023

The passage 18a34-⁠b5 of Aristotle’s famous sea-battle chapter has often been misunderstood. My aim is to show, firstly, that Aristotle in this passage attempts to prove that the unrestricted validity of the Principle of Bivalence entails, in the case of singular statements, the validity of the Principle of Truth-value Distribution for the contradictory pairs they are members of. According to the latter principle either the affirmative member of a contradictory pair of statements must be true and the negative false or vice versa. Secondly, I want to show what consequences the correct understanding of the passage in question has for the understanding of the introductory passage of the chapter (18a28-⁠33) and for the dispute over whether Aristotle exempts singular statements about contingent future events from the domain of the Principle of Bivalence. The thesis, advanced by some modern interpreters, that Aristotle refrains from doing so even though he exempts the contradictory pairs such statements are members of from the domain of the Principle of Truth-value Distribution will be rebutted as resulting from a fallacious line of reasoning.
Algorithmic Colonization of Love
Authors: Wang Hao ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2023

Love is often seen as the most intimate aspect of our lives, but it is increasingly engineered by a few programmers with Artificial Intelligence (AI). Nowadays, numerous dating platforms are deploying so-called smart algorithms to identify a greater number of potential matches for a user. These AI-enabled matchmaking systems, driven by a rich trove of data, can not only predict what a user might prefer but also deeply shape how people choose their partners. This paper draws on Jürgen Habermas’s “colonization of the lifeworld” thesis to critically explore the insidious influence of delegating romantic decision-making to an algorithm. The love lifeworld is colonized inasmuch as online dating algorithms encroach into our romantic relations to the extent that communicative action within romance is replaced by the technocratic rules of an algorithm.