bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les compétences pour négocier l’organisation du travail : le cas d’un projet industriel d’automatisation
Authors: Lecoester Agathe , Gaillard Irène , Forrierre Justine , Six Francis
Published: October 2018

Notre recherche-intervention repose sur un projet d’automatisation d’un secteur de production d’une entreprise sidérurgique couplée à une réduction des effectifs. Nous avons cherché à comprendre comment, dans ce cadre, le groupe de travail, constitué d’encadrants, d’opérateurs et d’un ergonome, est parvenu à concevoir et à négocier une organisation du travail adaptée. L’analyse des échanges au sein de ce groupe montre que les connaissances du terrain des participants et celles apportées par l’ergonome sur l’organisation du travail et l’activité de travail sont à la base des choix organisationnels effectués. Plus précisément, les compétences actuelles et futures des opérateurs, considérées tour à tour du point de vue de l’activité et du point de vue des ressources humaines, tiennent un rôle pivot pour construire un accord sur les choix organisationnels. Ce constat montre que le point de vue de l’activité des opérateurs, associé à une méthodologie ergonomique aidant à l’intégrer dans les processus de conception, permet des choix organisationnels ; ces derniers tiennent compte des besoins de l’activité de travail là où les choix d’automatisation semblaient initialement uniquement techno-centrés.
DETERMINANTES DA PROBABILIDADE DE POBREZA NO PARANÁ: 2004 E 2015
Authors: Lima Couto Ana Cristina , Brito Elohá Cabreiro
Published: October 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo geral estimar, por meio de regressões logit, o impacto de um conjunto de fatores socioeconômicos selecionados na determinação da probabilidade de pobreza no estado do Paraná a partir dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) dos anos de 2004 e 2015. A unidade de análise são as pessoas de referência no domicílio. Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se que os impactos mais importantes foram verificados no aumento da escolaridade, na existência de aposentados ou pensionistas na família e à forma de inserção no mercado de trabalho em termos de posição na ocupação.
DECOMPOSIÇÃO ESTRUTURAL DO EMPREGO: Um estudo para os países do BRIC
Authors: Luquini Renan Henrique , Sesso Filho Umberto Antônio , Brene Paulo Rogério Alves , Castro Gustavo Henrique Leite de , Esteves Emerson Guzzi Zuan
Published: October 2018

O objetivo do estudo foi estimar as causas da variação do emprego por meio de uma Análise de Decomposição Estrutural (Structural Decomposition Analysis – SDA) e o Índice de Mudança Estrutural (IME) a partir da matriz de insumo-produto para os países membros do BRIC (Brasil, Rússia, Índia e China) no período 1995/2009. Os principais resultados foram que: i) pelos efeitos tecnológicos tem-se que o Brasil (-11,90%) não acompanhou os ganhos de produtividade dos demais países e a variação dos coeficientes técnicos pode gerar empregos; ii) China e a Índia apresentaram alta modificação do consumo a favor da geração de empregos; iii) o crescimento econômico compensou o desemprego causado pelos efeitos tecnológicos e; iv) há uma relação inversa entre o IME e a variação total de empregos.
The Fabrication of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds by Inkjet Printing Technology
Authors: Lv Chao Fan , Zhu Li Ya , Shi Jian Ping , Li Zong An , Tang Wen Lai , Liu Ting Ting , Yang Ji Quan
Published: October 2018

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been playing an important role in diverse areas in medicine. In order to promote the development of tissue engineering, this study attempts to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds using the inkjet printing technology. Sodium alginate, exhibiting similar properties to the native human extracellular matrix (ECM), was used as bioink. The jetted fluid of sodium alginate would be gelatinized when printed into the calcium chloride solution. The characteristics of the 3D-printed sodium alginate scaffold were systematically measured and analyzed. The results show that, the pore size, porosity and degradation property of these scaffolds could be well controlled. This study indicates the capability of 3D bioprinting technology for preparing tissue engineering scaffolds.
Thermal Management Study of LTCC PIN Photodiode Module
Authors: Ngah N.A. , Rasmi Amiza , Ibrahim Azmi , Ambak Zulkifli , Yusoff Mohd Zulfadli Mohamed , Alias Rosidah
Published: October 2018

Multilayer low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) is well known in usage as interconnect substrate, especially in high frequency application due to high electrical conductivity of the conductors and low loss of the LTCC dielectric. As substrate and packaging materials, there are many chips or devices placed on the multilayer LTCC board. In this paper, multilayer LTCC is implemented as the packaging at PIN photodiode (PD) module of the Radio over Fiber (RoF) system with the reason to increase thermal dissipation capacity of the PD module.
Effect of Molding Processing on Properties of YAG Porous Ceramics via Dry Pressing Molding Method
Authors: Wu Chang Ming , Yang Yan , Sun Hui Min , Deng Da , Chen Mei Hua , Song Jie Guang , Chen Lin , Xu Min Han , Hao Cheng Wei
Published: October 2018

YAG materials have a number of unique properties, the application is very extensive. In order to improving the properties of YAG porous materials, the effect of forming processing on the properties of YAG porous ceramics is investigated. Through the results and analysis, the conclusions showed that the porosity of YAG porous ceramics gradually decreased with the molding pressure increases, and the compressive strength of YAG porous ceramics shows a rising trend. The size and number of pores in the microstructure are reduced with increasing the forming pressure, there are inherently many voids in the YAG porous ceramics body at low forming pressures. The porosity of YAG porous ceramic decreases with the increase of dwell time, however, the process of extending from 5 min to 10 min is much faster than the rate of descending from 10 min to 15 min. The size and number of pores in the microstructure are reduced with extending the holding pressure time, which also makes YAG porous ceramics pose the higher mechanical strength. Through the analysis of the results, when the forming pressure is 10MPa, the porosity of YAG porous ceramics is 41.11% and the compressive strength is 5.8MPa, the porosity and compressive strength of YAG porous ceramics is better.
Studying Influence of Rotation an Electrode on the Number Nonmetallic Inclusions in Received Eletroslag Metal
Authors: Chumanov I.V. , Anikeev Andrey N. , Sergeev Dmitry V.
Published: October 2018

Quality improvement metal, in particular decrease content nonmetallic inclusions, is very important tasks as mechanical, thermal and anticorrosive characteristics metal depend on it. Electroslag remelting well influences quality on metal: content harmful impurity decreases, metal density increases, nonmetallic inclusions are removed. A method quality improvement metal by means of removal of nonmetallic inclusions at classical electroslag remelting and remelting with rotation electrode it is offered in this article. Also metallographic surveys experimental materials received are given in article which showed that ESR with rotation electrode deletes nonmetallic inclusions for 55-56 % more effectively, than classical remelting.
Activated Carbon from Corn Cob and Petai Hull as Novel Adsorbent for Lead Removal
Authors: Lestari Ajeng Yulianti Dwi , Masruroh Kuni , Widyastuti Intan
Published: October 2018

Activated carbon was successfully generated from the mixture of corn cob and petai hull which served as adsorbents for Pb (II) ion removal at an aqueous solution. The activation was done using KOH at 800°C carbonization temperature. Synthetic waste used in the various concentration of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm. The adsorption process was carried out at 30 minutes, the ratio of adsorbent mass was grouped as B (1:3 corn cob native activated carbon/petai hull native activated carbon), C (1:1 corn cob native activated carbon/petai hull native activated carbon), D (3:1, corn cob native activated carbon/petai hull native activated carbon), and H (1:1, corn cob modified activated carbon/petai hull modified activated carbon). The results showed that the highest adsorption capacity was found in H adsorbent that was 2,368 mg/g at concentration 300 ppm. Dubinin model fit the adsorption isotherms of B, C, D, and H.
Copper (II) Oxide Nanoparticles Immobilized in Cellulose Acetate Nanostructured Membrane
Authors: Reyes Larry Q. , Marquez Menandro C. , Aquino Ruth R. , Bernabe Dante P. , Oren Megan
Published: October 2018

Copper (II) oxide (CuO) was successfully synthesized via sonochemical-assisted route, where it was incorporated in cellulose acetate (CA) to develop an antimicrobial textile by electrospinning. The CuO material was found to have a monoclinic crystal structure as determined by x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). On the other hand, scanning electron micrographs (SEM) have shown spindle like morphology for the synthesized CuO. The micrographs of the electronspun material were found to have a smooth and bead-free morphology with a fiber diameter that range from 1.9 to 4.3 μm. The presence of CuO oxide in the polymer matrix was determined by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and optical microscopy. The actual loadings of CuO into the polymer matrix are slightly different from the expected amount, which might be attributed to the heterogeneous dispersion of the latter to the former. The incorporation of CuO in the polymer membrane slightly affected tensile property of the composite material. The CuO-CA samples were found to have antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aerugenosa ATCC 27853 as evaluated by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The present study has demonstrated the possibility of using the fibrous mats of cellulose acetate-copper oxide as a novel antimicrobial textile.
Investigation of Morphological and Optical Properties of Electrodeposited Cuprous Oxide (Cu2O) Thin Film Modified with Copper(II) Phthalocyanine-Tetrasulfonic Acid Tetrasodium Salt
Authors: Tamargo Rosen Avery D. , Buizon Lance Patrick M. , Marquez Menandro C.
Published: October 2018

Metal oxides are widely used as components in photovoltaic cells such as transparent conducting front electrodes or electron-transport layers, while only few metal oxides have been used as light absorbers. In this study, cuprous oxide was modified by anchoring TSCuPc dye molecules via potentiostatic electrodeposition approach. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy results display the different vibration peaks for S=O bond and C-N present in the TSCuPc modified Cu2O deposits signifying the attachment of TSCuPc on Cu2O. The highest absorbance peaks of Cu2O and TSCuPc at approximately 420 nm and 650 nm respectively was observed when 20uM of TSCuPc was added in the electrodeposition solution. Scanning Electron Microscopy reveals the formation of Cu2O film and formation of secondary submicron size structures with the addition of TSCuPc. The surface morphology of the secondary structures changes as the concentration TSCuPc increases. With the aforementioned results, it was verified that TSCuPc can be anchored to Cu2O via electrochemical route which could pave way in developing materials with high absorption in visible light applicable for optoelectronic devices.
Utilization of Natural Fibers in the Fabrication of Lightweight Concretes
Authors: Sooksaen Pat , Sathukan Patcharapon , Saetang Duangkamon , Khunchomphu Nut
Published: October 2018

Natural fibers; rice straw and coconut coir fiber, which are found in large quantity in Thailand, were utilized as main materials for low cost lightweight concretes. The total fiber content was varied in the range 30-50 vol%. Fine (untreated) coconut coir fiber of <1 mm in size was used in this study. Coarse rice straw (5-20 mm) and fine rice straw (1-5 mm) were treated with 15% sodium hydroxide and found effective for removing hemicellulose, lignin and fatty acids. This improved the surface roughness and hydrophobicity of the cellulose fibers hence the adhesion between the fiber surface and cement phase was greatly improved. Lightweight concrete containing 20% fine rice straw and 10% fine coconut coir fiber in the composition showed high compressive strength value of 138.73±19.13 kg/cm2 with bulk density reduced by 30% compared to 100% cement.
Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt: A Laboratory Investigation Based on Australian and Thailand Perspectives
Authors: Jitsangiam Peerapong , Nikraz Hamid , Nusit Korakod
Published: October 2018

This laboratory-based study investigated the performance characteristics of wet process crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA) with crumb rubber proportions between 0% and 20% by mass of the binder. This was to assess the viability of CRMA for use in countries where CRMA is not widely utilized as Australia and Thailand and primarily involved the resilient and dynamic modulus characteristics, which indicated that CRMA pavement has both positive and negative attributes. The results show that CRMA characterizes a reduced stiffness for high frequency loading, but with a greater elastic range.
Interaction Energy in a Suspension of Gypsum and Dispersed Limestone
Authors: Kolesnikova Inna V. , Kurmankozhayeva Aikhyn A. , Azhibekova Aliya S.
Published: October 2018

The article describes results of the determination of the interaction energy between particles of a hydrating binder and filler, a solution and base. It was found that in the case of particles having a diameter of 17 μm, a mineral suspension should be practically stable, since the energy barrier is much higher than the thermal motion energy of the particles and is 166 kT (100% gypsum), 125 kT (100% CaCO3), 63 kT (gypsum-filler 90:10), and 41kT (gypsum-filler 80:20). A further increase in the amount of CaCO3 particles leads to a significant reduction in the barrier, which at the gypsum-to-filler ratio of 70:30 is 6 kT, and at the ratio of 50:50 completely disappears. In the interaction of the smallest particles (5 μm), the energy barrier values are: 44 kT (100% gypsum), 28 kT (100% CaCO3), 18 kT (gypsum-filler 90:10), 7 kT (80:20) and 2 kT (70:30). With the component ratio of 50:50, the energy barrier completely disappears, and the particles become denser in the first potential well.
Revealing Mechanical Strength of Nanopores Using Atomic Finite Element Techniques
Authors: Pongprayoon Prapasiri , Chaimanatsakun Attaphon
Published: October 2018

Graphene nanopore has been widely employed in nanofilter or nanopore devices due to its outstanding properties. The understanding of its mechanical properties at nanoscale is crucial for device improvement. In this work, the mechanical properties of graphene nanopore is thus investigated using atomistic finite element method (AFEM). Four graphene models with different pore shapes (circular (CR), horizontal rectangle (RH), and vertical rectangle (RV)) in sub-nm size which could be successfully fabricated experimentally have been studied here. The force normal to a pore surface is applied to mimic the impact force due to a fluid flow. Increasing pore size results in the reduction in its strength. Comparing among different pore shapes with comparable sizes, the order of pore strength is CR>RH>RV>SQ. In addition, we observe that the direction of pore alignment and geometries of pore edge also play a key role in mechanical strength of nanopores.
Fluorescence Properties of Tb-Doped ZnO Porous Network Thin Film Grown on Monocrystalline Silicon Substrate
Authors: Butusov Leonid A. , Chudinova Galina K. , Kochneva Margarita V. , Kurilkin Vladimir V. , Sheshko Tatyana F. , Shulga Alexandra , Hayrullina Indira A. , Kudryavtsev Oleg S.
Published: October 2018

This research presents a new perspective on optical biosensors based on zinc oxide nanoparticles. The widely known and successfully applied nanostructured material is modified by the dopant - the green phosphor Terbium, which embedded in the structure of zinc oxide and makes a significant contribution to the fluorescent response of the material in both the UV and visible spectral regions. The effect of various dopant concentrations on the fluorescence of nanostructures was studied; the nanostructures were examined by SEM.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Shear Bands Formation of Single Crystal Bulk Copper during the High Strain Rate Compressive Process
Authors: Lin Yuan Ching , Shen Chung Jun
Published: October 2018

In this work, the high strain rate compressive process of single crystal bulk copper was studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The simulated result indicated that the localized deformation caused the formation of shear bands (SBs). It was found that the formation of shear bands in single crystal was owing to a plenty of the plastic deformations that caused by dislocations slippage or twinning concentrated in a narrow region [1], and the temperature at the shear bands region was rising more quickly than the others.
Effect of the Adjuvants on the Properties of Superfine SnO2 Powders
Authors: Song Jie Guang , Pang Cai Liang , Liu Yue , Zhang Jia , Chen Lin , He Long , Liu Chao Shi , Guo Song Lin , Qin Yue Ning
Published: October 2018

Ultrafine SnO2 is a new type of material, in the field of solar cells and semiconductors have a lot of use. To get different morphology and different properties of tin oxide powder material, making more applications in the field, the effect of the adjuvants on the properties of superfine SnO2 powders were distigated. Through the analysis of experimental results, the conclusions are shown the stronger the alkalinity of the auxiliary agent, the larger the grain size of the obtained particles and the more uniform the particles. When the molar ratio of salt to alkali is more than 1: 4, the amount of alkali is gradually reduced, the particle size is small, the morphology is not uniform and easy to agglomerate. When the molar ratio of salt to alkali is 1: 4, the smaller particle size is shown, the appearance morphology is uneven. The longer the reaction time, the more complete the grain, the more uniform the morphology. Under the condition of SnCl4 concentration of 0.05 mol/L, reaction time is 4 days, salt and alkali molar ratio is 1: 4, holding temperature is 200 °C, the auxiliary agent is NaOH, the size, shape and properties of synthesized SnO2 are the better.
Optimization Simulation of Neutron Shielding Performance of Iron/Borated-Polyethylene Composite Structure
Authors: Zuo Ying Hong , Niu Sheng Li , Zhu Jin Hui
Published: October 2018

To obtain the optimization design of neutron shielding by iron/borated-polyethylene composite structure, we built a neutron shielding model of two layers of iron and borated-polyethylene. For neutron with various energies, the neutron transmission coefficients of iron/borated-polyethylene composite shield with different thicknesses were obtained by using Monte Carlo method. The simulation results show that, when neutron energy is 14 MeV and the total thickness of the composite shield is 40 cm, 60 cm and 80 cm, the optimal thickness ratio of iron to borated-polyethylene is about 0.7: 0.3, 0.725: 0.275, and 0.75: 0.25, respectively. The optimal thickness ratio of iron to borated-polyethylene is usually higher than the case of iron/polyethylene composite structure.
Synthesis and Characterization of ZrB2-ZrC Composite Powders from Zircon Sand by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis Method
Authors: Saowanee Singsarothai , Sutham Niyomwas , Chanadee Tawat
Published: October 2018

ZrB2-ZrC composite powders were synthesized from zircon sand by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). The reactions were verified and the feasibility of obtaining the predicted products was calculated from the adiabatic temperature (Tad) and the equilibrium composition using the HSC® chemistry program. The results show that the SHS products consisted of ZrB2, ZrC, ZrO2, ZrSiO4, MgO, and Mg2SiO4. Leaching the products with 0.5 M of HCl solution eliminated the by-product of MgO and the intermediate Mg2SiO4 phases. The phase composition of the products was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the morphologies were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX).
Effects of Rare Earth Y2O3 on the Microstructure and Wear Behaviors of Ti-6Al-4V Cladding with SiC
Authors: Lin Yuan Ching , Wang Tzu Hsuan
Published: October 2018

This study elucidates the effect of the percentage of Y2O3 on the microstructure and tribological performance of Ti-6Al-4V clad by SiC and Ni powder, using gas tungsten-arc welding (GTAW). The microhardness of the clad layer was measured using a Vickers hardness tester. The microstructure of the clad layer was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the constituent phases of the clad layer. A pin-on-disk rotating tribometer was used to evaluate the wear resistance of the substrate and the clad layer. According to the experimental results, TiC and TiSi2 reinforcing phases were formed in situ in the clad layer during cladding process. The microhardness of the clad layer was two to three times that of the substrate, and the wear loss of the clad layer was about 51.5%~14.7% of that of the substrate. The optimal amount of Y2O3 enhanced the formation of TiC and TiSi2 and thus improved the microhardness of the clad layer. However, an amount of Y2O3 that over a critical value reduced the formation of reinforcing phases and degraded the mechanical properties of the clad layer.
Method of Creation and Research Experimental Dispersed-Reinforced Materials
Authors: Anikeev Andrey N. , Chumanov I.V. , Seduhin V.V.
Published: October 2018

Mining and processing minerals is one of the priority directions of development the state. Machines parts experience tremendous loads during extraction and processing of soils, this leads to their rapid wear. Several principal ways to increase the wear resistance these materials exist: the creation of coatings (surfacing, laser, plasma treatments), melt doping, the introduction local wear-resistant elements. The introduction wear-resistant inserts into the base metal in places that are subject to the greatest load is the most preferable from the point of view of economic efficiency. The method obtaining local wear-resistant elements based on carbides, their introduction into the gasified casting, as well as the study the structure and properties the materials obtained are described in this article.
Acute medical illness and disability in the elderly
Authors: Palleschi Lorenzo , Galdi Flavia , Pedone Claudio
Published: October 2018

Acute illness and hospitalization are important events in the trajectory leading to disability in elderly people. Approximately 30-40% of elderly patients are discharged from hospitals with new disabilities. This rate may increase to 50% in people aged 85 and older. Hospitalization for an acute medical illness is a stressful and potential dangerous event for older persons that often leads to clinical complications, such as functional decline, prolonged length of stay, readmission, falls and mortality. Very old frail patients and those with preadmission functional limitation are at higher risk of complications. A new model of hospital care focused on functional status, including assessment on admission and throughout the hospital stay, promoting physical activity with early ambulation and planning for discharge home, is needed to reduce the incidence of hospitalization- associated disability and to increase the likelihood of going home reducing hospital length of stay.
Die kommissie van die wêreldraad van kerke vir wêreldsending en evangelisasie
Authors: Du Plessis J.G.
Published: October 2018

No abstract available.
Koedoe 45(1) 2002
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: October 2018

The amended National Parks Act (Act 57 of 1976, Article 4) defines the purpose of the creation of a national park in the Republic of South Africa very clearly:
Incêndios no Pantanal de Corumbá, MS: modelagem e previsão a partir das técnicas de análise multivariada
Authors: Viganó Hevelyne Henn da Gama , Souza Celso Correia de , Cristaldo Marcia Ferreira , Reis Neto José Francisco dos , Jesus Leandro de
Published: October 2018

Os incêndios e as queimadas que ocorrem no Pantanal causam grandes prejuízos à fauna e flora locais. A previsão de eventos é de grande importância por possibilitar que as catástrofes nesse ecossistema sejam amenizadas ou, até mesmo evitadas. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as ocorrências de queimadas e incêndios no Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense, associadas às variáveis meteorológicas e realizar uma modelagem de previsão a partir de técnicas de análise multivariada de dados. As variáveis ambientais envolvidas nesse processo foram extraídas da base de dados do Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Estudos Climáticos do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) e do banco de dados meteorológicos para ensino e pesquisa do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). Foram observadas que a temperatura, umidade relativa e radiação solar, possuem um relacionamento estreito com a ocorrência dos focos e as correlações resultantes foram satisfatórias para a aplicação das modelagens de previsão. A técnica de Regressão Linear Múltipla apresentou 41% de ajustamento e a técnica de Análise Auto-regressiva Integrada de Médias Móveis apresentou ajustamento de 66,5% e desempenho geral de 68,4%, tornando-a a metodologia mais recomendada para a previsão.
The Variety of Two-dimensional Algebras Over an Algebraically Closed Field
Authors: Kaygorodov Ivan , Volkov Yury
Published: October 2018

The work is devoted to the variety of two-dimensional algebras over algebraically closed fields. First we classify such algebras modulo isomorphism. Then we describe the degenerations and the closures of certain algebra series in the variety of two-dimensional algebras. Finally, we apply our results to obtain analogous descriptions for the subvarieties of flexible and bicommutative algebras. In particular, we describe rigid algebras and irreducible components for these subvarieties.
New Evidence of the Monophyletic Relationship of the Genus Psammolestes Bergroth, 1911 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae)
Authors: Oliveira Jader , Alevi Kaio Cesar Chaboli , Ravazi Amanda , Herrera Heitor Miraglia , Santos Filipe Martins , Azeredo-Oliveira Maria Tercília Vilela de , Rosa João Aristeu da
Published: October 2018

The genus Psammolestes within the subfamily Triatominae and tribe Rhodniini comprises the species Psammolestes arthuri, Psammolestes coreodes, and Psammolestes tertius, all potential vectors of Chagas disease. A feature of Psammolestes is their close association with birds, which makes them an interesting model for evolutionary studies. We analyzed cytogenetically Psammolestes spp., with the aim of contributing to the genetic and evolutionary knowledge of these vectors. All species of the Psammolestes showed the same chromosomal characteristics: chromocenter formed only by sex chromosomes X and Y, karyotype 2n = 22 and constitutive heterochromatin, and AT base pairs restricted to the sex chromosome Y. These results corroborate the monophyly of the genus and lead to the hypothesis that during the derivation of P. tertius, P. coreodes, and P. arthuri from their common ancestor, there was no reorganization in the number or structure of chromosomes.
Within-Session Practice Effects in the Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT)
Authors: Schaefer Sydney Y. , Saba Ashley , Baird Jessica F. , Kolar Melissa B. , Duff Kevin , Stewart Jill C.
Published: October 2018

The Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT) is a standardized assessment that has been used as a clinical outcome measure. To appropriately interpret the effects of an intervention on hand function (as measured by the JHFT), the extent to which this instrument shows significant practice effects must be quantified. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the JHFT is susceptible to within-session practice effects. The results showed that the dominant and nondominant hands significantly improved on the JHFT and many of its subtests over six consecutive trials. Although practice effects might complicate the interpretation of change due to intervention, we briefly relate our findings to emerging neuropsychological evidence that practice effects may indicate a person’s motor learning potential or treatment responsiveness.
Immunity law: Protection for emergency responders
Authors: Nicholson, JD William C.
Published: October 2018

-
Terrorism and the all-hazards model
Authors: Waugh, Jr., PhD William L.
Published: October 2018

-
Rectifying a failure in imagination using a medical generalist model: An analysis of the 9/11 Commission Report
Authors: Mihelic, MD F. Matthew
Published: October 2018

The 9/11 Commission asserted that a failure in imagination was the primary reason for inadequate prevention and response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. This assertion has sparked discussion but has not been thoughtfully analyzed. The Commission also proposed the model of the medical generalist to address these inadequacies. This paper analyzes what the Commission perceived as a failure in imagination, examines the measures necessary for success in this area, and proposes avenues to institutionalize these measures in accordance with the suggested medical generalist model.
Home alone: Disasters, mass emergencies, and children in self-care
Authors: Phillips, PhD Brenda D. , Hewett, Jr., MEd Paul L.
Published: October 2018

Currently, there is a lack of research on emergency preparedness training for children in self-care. To compensate, and to serve as an interim guide until sufficient resources and research exist, the authors reviewed relevant studies on emergency skills training for children home alone. They use these findings to outline possible training approaches and recommend strategies to validate locally-designed efforts. The authors call for further research that can be used by emergency management, education, and child-care communities.
NFPA 1600: The new standard for emergency management
Authors: Nicholson, JD William C.
Published: October 2018

-
Legal duties of emergency management directors and proactive use of contract law
Authors: Nicholson, JD William C.
Published: October 2018

-
Practicing emergency management in institutions of higher education
Authors: Charvat, MPA, CEM Steven , Jarolimek, MUP Elenka
Published: October 2018

Due to the substantial economic losses in the recent decade resulting from natural and human-caused disasters, many US colleges and universities have established their own emergency management offices and departments. This review evaluates the University of Washington’s first year in establishing an emergency management office, the Federal Emergency Man - agement Agency’s role in supporting college and university disaster coordination efforts through the development of the Disaster Resistant University program, and the future of emergency management programs at institutes of higher education.
Personnel-law issues in emergency management
Authors: Nicholson, JD William C.
Published: October 2018

-
Emergency preparedness is all local
Authors: Aloyo, CEM, CBCP Osman O.
Published: October 2018

-
Part 1: Social dimensions of interagency collaboration
Authors: Simon, BS, MA Neil
Published: October 2018

-
January/February 2006
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: October 2018

Volume 4, Number 1
The principles of emergency management
Authors: Waugh Jr., PhD, Editor-in-Chief William L.
Published: October 2018

-
The effectiveness of NOAA Weather Radio as an all-hazards alert method in Eastern Loudoun County, Virginia
Authors: Manning Michael A.
Published: October 2018

This article examines the results of a study to determine the effectiveness of NOAA Weather Radio as a method of all-hazards public alert in Eastern Loudoun County, Virginia, and identifies the primary obstacles to be overcome to improve system effectiveness.
May/June 2007
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: October 2018

Volume 5, Number 3
Putting young children on disaster maps: The challenges of child care data integration
Authors: Shores, MAPH Elizabeth F. , Heath, BA Jamie , Barbaro, MA Erin , Barbaro, MA Michael C. , Grace, EdD Cathy
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine the capacity for and degree of data sharing, for the purpose of emergency preparedness of the child care sector, among child care agencies and between child care agencies and emergency management agencies in 12 states.Design: Survey of federal and state child care agencies; evaluations of federal and state datasets; analysis of hurricane and earthquake risk areas; analysis of US Census Bureau data on population aged 0-4 years in counties.Setting: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas.Subjects, Participants: Not applicable.Interventions: Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures: Feasibility of merging five or more early childhood services datasets from each state.Results: Little data sharing occurs within or between the two sectors in the 12 states under study, putting at least 2 million children under school age at risk of being overlooked in disaster response and effectively excluding the child care sector from state recovery plans.Conclusions: Improved data sharing among agencies within the child care sector and between the child care sector and the emergency management sector is crucial to mitigate the risks for children aged 0-4 and to include them among vulnerable populations that receive top priority in first response, as well as to include the child care sector in economic redevelopment after major disasters.
Geocoding and GIS analysis of displaced populations
Authors: Vest, MPH Joshua R. , Patton-Levine, BS Jessie , Valadez, MD, MPH Adolfo M.
Published: October 2018

Disasters resulting in mass displacement have ramifications for communities beyond the affected areas. Information on the community from which individuals were displaced may prove useful for government agencies and those providing assistance to the individuals fleeing the disaster. TIGER/Line® street centerline files and online mapping applications were used to produce geographic information on households displaced by Hurricane Katrina to Austin, TX. Overall, 88.2 percent of the displaced households were geocoded. Households were described according to census tract characteristics, New Orleans wards, and location within flooded areas. Combining geographic datasets is useful for planners in assessing the needs of displaced populations. Data access was not a barrier to a high match rate, and current Internet-based technology may be utilized to overcome potential unfamiliarity with disaster stricken locations.
How can emergency managers address our warming climate? Relying on the basics—An essay
Authors: Freitag, MUP, CFM Bob
Published: October 2018

Global warming is changing our world dramatically and generating new risks. We, as emergency managers, need to accept the science and begin applying our unique set of tools to the problem—the same risk reduction approaches that we apply to earthquakes, floods, and terrorism.We have the capabilities to reduce risk, maybe not by addressing the change agency, but by focusing on identifying and reducing the adverse impacts. And, funding may be available.
Emergency management and homeland security curricula: Contexts, cultures, and constraints
Authors: Drabek, PhD Thomas E.
Published: October 2018

During the past three decades, emergency management has become more professionalized. An important part of this transformation has been the explosive growth in higher education of programs designed to provide the fundamental knowledge and skills required of emergency managers. Following the September 11, 2001, attacks, however, curricula reflecting homeland security issues and competencies also have been established. Some have proposed that these program areas should be better integrated. Following a brief summary of the historical context in which these developments occurred, key points of culture clash are identified. It is concluded that future faculty and administrative initiatives will be constrained by these cultural differences and deflected by future governmental policies, disaster events, and other external factors.
September/October 2007
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: October 2018

Volume 5, Number 5
Mission possible: A failure mode and effect analysis of the Federal Emergency Management Agency
Authors: Nelson, MS Jeff , Hristovski, PhD, MS Kiril , Peterson, PhD, CEM Danny
Published: October 2018

In its report pertaining to the performance of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) during Hurricane Katrina, the US Senate recommended replacing FEMA with a bigger and better organization. Instead of replacing FEMA as a whole, an attempt should be made to scientifically identify and correct any significant gaps within the organizational and operational structure of FEMA based on FEMA’s current mission requirements under the National Response Plan. This article demonstrates the use of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methodology for identification, analysis, measurement, and prioritization of the systemic root causes for FEMA’s inadequate mission performance during disasters of Katrina’s magnitude. The article also provides suggestions for the most effective corrective action models for the top five high-risk functions at FEMA identified and prioritized using FMEA.
Community ready! Assessing and meeting the needs of parents in Arlington County, VA
Authors: Moses, DrPH, MS Marina S. , Caruso, RN, MSN Donna S. , Otten, MPH Timothy G. , Simmens, PhD Sam , Guidotti, MD, MPH Tee L.
Published: October 2018

In March 2006, three elementary schools, composed of at least 50 percent Latino populations, were selected in Arlington, VA, to participate in a multitiered survey to evaluate parents’ emergency preparedness needs. This article describes how to identify vulnerable populations and tailor specific information and services to their public health needs. An oral survey was administered to parents in their preferred language, English or Spanish, regarding their questions, concerns, preferences, and needs pertaining to public health emergency preparedness. Major themes that emerged included the need for language and culturally sensitive preparedness information; the merit of using established community venues for parents to gather; and the importance of using group specific preferred modes of information dissemination. Significant differences were observed between English speakers and Spanish speakers’ perceived vulnerability, level of preparedness, and preferences for acquiring information. An important similarity that presented itself was that all parents surveyed regard the public school system as safe, trustworthy, and best suited for providing public health preparedness information to the community. Based on this study, an innovative model is being developed called Community Ready! which will be an all-hazards approach to public health preparedness outreach that will be reproducible in other municipalities and school districts.
Hurricane evacuation behavior in domestic and international college students: The influences of environmental familiarity, expressed hurricane evacuation, and personal experience
Authors: Elaine He, MS Xueqin , Tiefenbacher, PhD John P. , Samson, MSIS Eric L.
Published: October 2018

This study examines the cultural variation of risk perception and attitudes toward emergency evacuation. Although evacuation behavior is a direct consequence of perceived risk, few attempts have been made to consider the cross-cultural differences of evacuation behavior. This article compares domestic American and international university students’ familiarity with their residential environments, their expressions of intent to evacuate in advance of hurricanes of varying strength, and their personal experiences with hurricanes and evacuations by examining related variables. Logistic regression was used to analyze the 2007 survey data. Results indicate that international students are more familiar with their residential risk conditions than domestic students. Environmental familiarity correlates positively with students’ certainty of future evacuations. The expressed likelihood of evacuation under voluntary order also correlates positively with international and domestic students’ certainty of future hurricane evacuation. Past disaster and evacuation experiences contribute to international students’ certainty about future responses, but do not affect those of domestic students. Experiences with false alarms determine domestic students’ certainty more than international students’ future behaviors. Evacuation experiences associated with Hurricane Rita, 2005, increased all students’ certainty of future hurricane evacuation.
Disasters and people with disabilities
Authors: Kearns, MS Chris , Lowe, PhD, EFO, EMT-P Bill
Published: October 2018

-
Warning response
Authors: Freeman, BS, MSc Lynn A.
Published: October 2018

-
Review of the Kumbakonam school fire in India: Lessons learned
Authors: Walia, PhD Ajinder , Satapathy, PhD Sujata
Published: October 2018

A school fire at a government-aided school in Kumbakonam, India, killed 93 children and injured 21 on July 16, 2004. The school was tailor-made for a disaster, with its narrow stairway, poor lighting, thatched roof, kitchen in close proximity of the school building, past incidences of minor fire breakouts, and only one collapsible exit in the classroom. Strong winds and an absence of teachers on the day of the tragedy added to the vulnerability of the school, leading to the disaster. The government responded to the situation ef - fectively by providing adequate physical relief and rehabilitation to the parents of the deceased children and to injured students. The government was supported by various nongovernmental organizations and the corporate sector, which rose to the occasion. Psychosocial counseling was also carried out for the affected parents. Various recommendations resulting from analysis of the event in - clude developing comprehensive district and school disaster management plans using a multihazard approach, ensuring the safety of the school, instituting a proper psychiatric referral system for the affected, counseling the injured and rescued students to facilitate their relocation in different schools, training teachers and all others involved in school management in disaster management, and educating students about fire safety in school.
The effect of planning, training, and exercises on citizen preparedness
Authors: Harmon Judy L.
Published: October 2018

-
March/April 2007
Authors: DeVito, Jr. Richard A.
Published: October 2018

Volume 5, Number 2
Optimizing stadium evacuation by integrating geocomputation and affordance theory
Authors: Zale, PhD Joslyn , Kar, PhD Bandana , Cochran, PhD David
Published: October 2018

Football is culturally and economically important in the United States, and football stadiums are part of the country's critical infrastructure, thus receiving government protection against hazard events. In this project, an agent-based evacuation model was implemented to optimize evacuation time from The University of Southern Mississippi's M.M. Roberts Stadium (football) by accounting for evacuees’ age, gender, physical fitness, alcohol consumption, and prior experience with hazard events. The findings revealed that (i) the age and gender of an individual impact his/her locomotion speed and (ii) evacuation route choice is influenced by evacuees’ perception of its safety and effectiveness. The estimated evacuation times for all evacuees to exit only the stadium and the stadium plus the surrounding campus were 20.82 and 165.01 minutes, respectively. Both of these times were shorter than the evacuation times determined by models employing location-unspecific locomotion speeds. One-way analysis of variance revealed that there were statistically significant differences between use of location-specific and location-unspecific within-stadium evacuation times (p ≤ 0.001 with α = 0.05). These results suggest that using local data is vital to accurately estimate evacuation time.
No one left behind: Postevent experiences of differently abled individuals in Denmark
Authors: Todorovac, MSc Adnan , Simonsen, MSc Louise Damsbo , Elklit, MSc Ask
Published: October 2018

Purpose: This descriptive study explored barriers and difficulties faced by individuals with a physical disability (IPD) in Denmark in situations of disaster and in everyday problems. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 IPD who had experienced a possible traumatic event. Due to a lack of participants who experienced a traumatic event, the authors expanded their recruitment strategy to include IPD, who had experienced other critical situations (eg, accidents and personal crises).Results: Difficulties centered on four major themes: (1) lack of guidelines and evacuation plans, (2) differences in reaction to crisis, (3) a lack of empathy and special care from professionals and a general lack of communication directly to the IPD, and (4) great inequality in the municipals and no consistent rules for what a IPD is entitled to.Conclusions: This study has identified significant gaps in predisaster and postdisaster service provision for IPD. There is a need for general evacuation guidelines and more specialized professional help to provide better aftercare according to the different needs of the IPD. The results of this study can inform policy makers to enhance existing services and/or develop new guidelines and evacuation plans targeted at this population.
Use of Facebook for civilian-led disaster response after a winter storm: A “Snowed Out Atlanta” case study
Authors: Sharpe, MS J. Danielle , Bennett, PhD DeeDee M.
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine disaster response-related contexts and themes of Facebook posts that were communicated on the “Snowed Out Atlanta” Facebook page in response to winter storm Leon in 2014. Design: A content analysis.Participants: A sample of 537 posts from the “Snowed Out Atlanta” Facebook page posted between January 29, 2014 and February 4, 2014.Main outcome measures: (1) Disaster response-related contexts and themes of Facebook posts communicated in response to winter storm Leon; (2) the shift in the contexts and themes of posts following the storm; and (3) health-related significance of posts for disaster epidemiology purposes.Results: Of the 537 posts from the “Snowed Out Atlanta” Facebook page, 260 posts (48 percent) were of importance to disaster response efforts. Thirty-eight percent of these posts offered some form of assistance, of which general help and assisting with basic necessities were the dominant themes. One day after winter storm Leon, 189 (64 percent) of the Facebook posts were related to disaster response. Findings also show that very few posts (3.2 percent) from the “Snowed Out Atlanta” page were relevant for disaster epidemiology purposes.Conclusion: Overall, the “Snowed Out Atlanta” Facebook page is a representation of how social media forums can be used to mitigate adverse effects of severe winter weather events. Nearly half of the Facebook posts were relevant for disaster response and were more common in the immediate aftermath of winter storm Leon. Most of the posts offered general help or assistance with basic necessities. An analysis of posts with health-related content suggested that disaster epidemiology should be emphasized less for severe winter weather compared to other hazards. The results from this study provide insightful information to anticipate the needs of people adversely impacted by severe winter weather.
Bridging the knowledge gap between academia and practice: how research can help develop the auditing profession (vice versa)
Authors: Bik Olof , Bouwens Jan
Published: October 2018

Discussion on three papers about knowledge transfer between academics and practice when performing auditing research