bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nomadismo y etnicidad. De-colonizar el sedentario como lugar de enunciación
Authors: Katzer Leticia
Published: July 2020

Hay un supuesto naturalizado de que la sedentarización es un proceso evolutivo natural. En esta narrativa, el nomadismo se hace presente de manera espectral: nómada es una huella, una palabra presente que se insinúa apenas diferida como “movilidad” o “trashumancia”, pero nómada parece ser innombrable, secreto. De lo contrario, nosotros sostenemos que la sedentarización no sólo no es natural ni inevitable sino que en casos es producto de una relación de poder colonial, de una imposición forzada y violenta. A partir del registro etnográfico reunido entre los años 2004 y 2017 en el secano de Lavalle, provincia de Mendoza (Argentina) buscamos mostrar dinámicas nómades en diálogo con estudios y enfoques teóricos diversos sobre el nomadismo en otras partes del mundo. Para ello articulamos planteos de la filosofía nómade junto con los estudios antropológicos en un esfuerzo por abordar el nomadismo con todo su alcance y complejidad, en términos políticos, culturales y económicos
Una nota sobre los bancos centrales en el centro y en la periferia: estancamiento secular y restricción externa
Authors: Vernengo Matías
Published: July 2020

Históricamente los bancos centrales fueron instrumentos de desarrollo económico, pero en países avanzados su función de guardianes de la ortodoxia macroeconómica y de la estabilidad de precios ha tomado un papel predominante. En un mundo interconectado, eso limita la habilidad de los bancos centrales de los países en desarrollo de cumplir el mismo rol que sus pares de países avanzados cumplieron en el pasado. Los límites de los modernos bancos centrales son discutidos en el contexto del supuesto estancamiento secular y del renovado problema externo que algunos países en desarrollo enfrentan con el final del súper-ciclo de los precios de las commodities. En tiempos recientes, sin embargo, todo se complica en el corto plazo por la crisis del coronavirus (COVID-19).
Evaluation of flatulence of Uterus (Nafkhat-ol-rahem) as One of the Causes of Infertility in Women from the Viewpoint of Ali ibn Abbas Ahvazi and Modern Medicine
Authors: Golfakhabadi Fereshteh , Zaheri Abdevand Zeinab , Tansaz Mojgan
Published: July 2020

Objective: Today Infertility and its complications is one of the largest problems because it would impose economic burden and psychological pressure on the people. One of the infertility reasons in most Iranian Traditional medicine (ITM) manuscripts is focused on Nafkhat-ol-rahem.

Methods: In this study, the Ibn Abbas theories in kamel al- Sina'ah about Nafkhat-ol-rahem, causes, reasons and treatment were investigated. To achieve recent studies, searches were performed in the databases with the keywords including vaginal flatus, vaginal flatulence and pelvic floor weakness.

Results: This disease is caused by bad cold temper, hit and obstruction of cervix, etc. Traditional medicine considered the bloating of uterus (Nafkhat-ol-rahem) the cause of some miscarriages and infertility, because dense gas that accumulated in the uterus, preventing implantation and establishment of the embryo. In ITM, treatment involves the use of warm and mohallel riyah (gas dissolvent) herbal medicines in the form of oral, poultice (topical ointment), Forzajeh and Homol (vaginal suppository).

Conclusion: Nafkhat-ol-Rahem is a highly prevalent disease in women, but because of the shame, the patient does not speak with her doctor. Bloating of uterus and vaginal flatulence seen in the pelvic floor muscle relaxation, which can be harmless or associated with major complications such as rectovaginal fistula and infection of the uterus.
Non-operative Management of Benign Colorectal Anastomotic Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery for Non-Metastatic Primary Rectal Cancer
Authors: Mercan Ümit , Erşen Ogün , Ünal Ali Ekrem , Bayar Sancar , Demirci Salim
Published: July 2020

Objective: In this study, we aimed to present our clinical experience in the treatment of benign anastomosis strictures in patients undergoing elective surgery for nonmetastatic primary rectal cancer.

Methods: One hundred fifty-six (156) patients who underwent resection and colorectal anastomosis between January 2013 and January 2018 were included in the study. 22 patients developed benign anastomotic stenosis has been determined and etiological factors and treatment modalities applied has been compared retrospectively.

Results: In 22 patients, 9 patients were treated with digital or balloon dilatation, at least 2 sessions and up to 5 sessions. Four patients were treated with dilatation followed by stenting. The remaining 9 patients were taken to surgical treatment. Among whole patients with stenosis, it has been determined that 15 of them had neoadjuvant therapy history, 5 had anastomosis leakage and in 16 of them 28 mm circular stapler have been used.

Conclusion: Neoadjuvant treatment history, the presence of anastomosis leakage and the usage of 28 mm circular stapler have been detected to be the most important etiological factors in development of benign anastomotic stenosis. Endoscopic treatments should be tried primarily to treat benign anastomotic stenosis. High success rates can be achieved with endoscopic methods and patient quality of life can be improved. With this approach, the need for surgery will be reduced and possible postoperative complications can be prevented.
Spectrum of Ground Glass Opacities in Chest CT of COVID-19 Patients in Karbala, Iraq
Authors: Alghazali Dhia Mahdey , Maamera Maytham A , Alkazraji Haider Fadel , Abutiheen Ali A
Published: July 2020

Objective: To describe the ground-glass opacities (GGO) seen in chest CT scans of COVID-19 patients and to estimate the association between these opacities and the time of clinical presentation.

Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study involving 81 COVID-19 confirmed patients in Imam Al-Hussein Medical city in Karbala-Iraq during the period from March 1st to April 20, 2020. Chest CT scan findings were evaluated by 2 radiologists and categorized accordingly. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The mean age Â± standard deviation of patients was 53.5 Â± 17.1 years, with male predominance as 63 (77.8%) of cases were males. Nearly half of the patients were presented within the second week of starting the sign and symptoms. GGO was present in 79 scans (97.5%), followed by consolidation opacity in 29 patients (35.8%). Four types of GGO were described. Bilateral multiple subpleural GGO was the most prevalent type. There was a significant association between late time of patient presentation and more extensive GGO type.

Conclusion: Chest CT scan is valuable in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 cases. The presence of GGO in CT scan of a patient that previously had no chest illness is highly suggestive of COVID-19 disease, different types of GGO were seen. Bilateral confluent type of GGO is associated with more serious and delayed status and warns the need for intensive care unit admission.
Keanekaragaman Spesies Nyamuk di Daerah Transmission Assesment Survey (TAS) Filariasis di Kabupaten Enrekang, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Maksud Malonda , Chadijah Sitti , Mustafa Hasrida , Kurniawan Ade , Murni Murni
Published: July 2020

Enrekang Regency was declared to have passed third Transmission Assesment Survey (TAS), since there were no positive Brugia Malayi in elementary school students. The aspect of filariasis vector must be considered in this disease transmission. This study aims to determine the diversity of mosquitoes and their potential as vectors of filariasis in the TAS area in Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi Province. This research is part of a multicenter study in 2017. This study was conducted with a cross-sectional study. Mosquitoes were collected in Parombean Village and Potokulin Village by modifying the Human Landing Catches (HLC) method with the human-baited double net trap from 18:00 to 06:00. The results showed that 30 species found in Parombean Village, consisted eight genera and Culex vishnui was the most abundant species. In Potokulin Village, 11 species were found consisted in five genera and Cx. quinquefasciatus was the most abundant species. The average age of mosquitoes was around 8-24 days. The species of mosquito as vector potential of filariasis in this area is Cx. vishnui, Cx, quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles barbirostris.
Borrowers' Financial Reporting and the Quality of Banks' Loan Portfolios
Authors: Gallimberti Carlo Maria
Published: July 2020

I examine the relation between borrowers' financial reporting (FR) and the quality of banks' loan portfolios. This relation is theoretically ambiguous as better FR not only improves banks' monitoring of loans, but also grants more creditworthy borrowers cheaper access to alternative public funding, increasing competition and creating adverse selection problems for banks. Using the adoption of Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 404 to identify improvements in borrowers' FR, I find an overall positive effect of FR on banks' lending: the quality of loans extended to borrowers subject to Section 404 improves relative to the quality of loans extended by the same bank to other borrowers exempted from Section 404. Additional tests examining borrowers' internal control over FR and loan contracts' characteristics confirm that improved monitoring and screening are both responsible for the higher loan portfolio quality. Overall, my study highlights unexplored consequences of companies' FR on the quality of banks' assets.

Data Availability: Untabulated results and analyses mentioned in the article are available as an Online Appendix, see the link in Appendix E.

JEL Classifications: D82; G14; G21; M41; M42.
Examining the Examiners: SEC Error Detection Rates and Human Capital Allocation
Authors: Kubic Matthew
Published: July 2020

The ability to detect misreporting is an important aspect of financial reporting regulation. I derive a measure of SEC error detection rates using information from comment letter reviews. Conditional on the SEC issuing a comment letter, I find that the review team detects an error resulting in a restatement in 4.6 percent of cases, while firms eventually restate financial reports for 13.6 percent of periods under review. My measure of SEC error detection rates is the ratio of reviews that detect an error to total reviews that could have detected an error. I document a positive association between detection rates and review team size. Using a novel approach to identify examiner characteristics, I show that this association is driven by the number of accountants on the review team. I find an economically insignificant association between individual examiner performance and economic or career incentives.

JEL Classifications: G18; M41; M48.

Data Availability: The examiner characteristics data used in this study are available upon request. All other data are available from the sources cited in the text.
Terrorist Attacks, Managerial Sentiment, and Corporate Disclosures
Authors: Chen Wen , Wu Haibin , Zhang Liandong
Published: July 2020

This study investigates the effect of managerial sentiment on corporate disclosure decisions. Using terrorist attacks in the United States as adverse shocks to managerial sentiment, we find that firms located in the metropolitan areas attacked issue more negatively biased earnings forecasts. The effect is stronger for firms with higher operating uncertainty and firms with younger, inexperienced, or less confident executives, and it is weaker for firms located in states with increasing violent crime rates. A potential alternative explanation is that managers strategically bias earnings forecasts downward and attribute the poor performance to terrorist attacks. To address this issue, we conduct a battery of additional analyses and find results more consistent with managerial sentiment than strategic attribution. In addition, we show that our results are unlikely to be driven by any economic effects of terrorist attacks. Finally, firms in attacked areas exhibit a more pessimistic tone in 10-K/10-Q filings.

JEL Classifications: D83; G14; M41.
Fraud Brainstorming Group Composition in Auditing: The Persuasive Power of a Skeptical Minority
Authors: McAllister Michelle , Blay Allen D. , Kadous Kathryn
Published: July 2020

We experimentally examine the effects of trait professional skepticism on fraud brainstorming performance. We find that groups with a minority, but not a majority, of high trait skeptics develop more fraud ideas than control groups with no high trait skeptics. Mediation analyses indicate that minority high trait skeptic groups also assess higher fraud risk, in part because they consider more fraud ideas. Low trait skeptics who brainstorm in groups with a minority of high trait skeptics tend to view the minority high trait skeptic as the best member of the group because of that member's unique insights. Their individual, post-brainstorming fraud risk assessments remain high, indicating conversion to the minority (skeptical) viewpoint. Our study contributes to the brainstorming literature by highlighting the importance of group composition. It suggests that firms can promote skeptical team judgments by leveraging individuals' high trait skepticism in thoughtfully composed interacting groups.
Health Care Utilization of Homeless Minors With Diabetes in New York State From 2009 to 2014
Authors: Sakai-Bizmark Rie , Mena Laurie A. , Estevez Dennys , Webber Eliza J. , Marr Emily H. , Bedel Lauren E.M. , Yee Jennifer K.
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe differences in health care utilization between homeless and nonhomeless minors with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project’s Statewide Inpatient Database from New York for years 2009–2014 were examined to identify pediatric patients <18 years old with diabetes. Outcomes of interest included hospitalization rate, in-hospital mortality, admission through the emergency department (ED), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hospitalization cost, and length of stay (LOS). Other variables of interest included age-group, race/ethnicity, insurance type, and year. Multivariate logistic regression models were used for in-hospital mortality, admission through ED, and DKA. Log-transformed linear regression models were used for hospitalization cost, and negative binomial regression models were used for LOS.

RESULTS

A total of 643 homeless and 10,559 nonhomeless patients were identified. The hospitalization rate was higher among homeless minors, with 3.64 per 1,000 homeless population compared with 0.38 per 1,000 in the nonhomeless population. A statistically significant higher readmission rate was detected among homeless minors (20.4% among homeless and 14.1% among nonhomeless, P < 0.01). Lower rates of DKA (odds ratio 0.75, P = 0.02), lower hospitalization costs (means ratio 0.88, P < 0.01), and longer LOS (incidence rate ratio 1.20, P < 0.01) were detected among homeless minors compared with nonhomeless minors.

CONCLUSIONS

This study found that among minors with diabetes, those who are homeless experience a higher hospitalization rate than the nonhomeless. Housing instability, among other environmental factors, may be targeted for intervention to improve health outcomes.
Postpancreatitis Diabetes Confers Higher Risk for Pancreatic Cancer Than Type 2 Diabetes: Results From a Nationwide Cancer Registry
Authors: Cho Jaelim , Scragg Robert , Petrov Maxim S.
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

Pancreatitis and diabetes are established risk factors for pancreatic cancer. However, to date, studies have investigated only the risk associated with either of them alone. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pancreatitis and diabetes combined, as well as their temporal relationship, on the risk of pancreatic cancer.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Nationwide cancer registry was linked to hospital discharge and mortality data from 1998 to 2015 in New Zealand. Incidence of primary pancreatic cancer in the four study groups (type 2 diabetes [T2D] alone, pancreatitis alone, T2D followed by pancreatitis, and postpancreatitis diabetes mellitus [PPDM]) was identified. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted, with T2D as the reference group. A head-to-head comparison between the T2D followed by pancreatitis and PPDM groups was also performed.

RESULTS

Among 139,843 individuals (735,541 person-years), 913 (0.7%) were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. The proportion of pancreatic cancer was 3.1%, 2.3%, 2.0%, and 0.6% in individuals with PPDM, T2D followed by pancreatitis, pancreatitis alone, and T2D alone, respectively. PPDM (hazard ratio [HR] 6.94; 95% CI 4.09–11.77) and T2D followed by pancreatitis (HR 5.35; 95% CI 3.52–8.14) were associated with significantly higher risks of pancreatic cancer compared with T2D alone. In the head-to-head comparison, PPDM was associated with a higher risk of pancreatic cancer compared with T2D followed by pancreatitis (HR 2.35; 95% CI 1.12–4.93).

CONCLUSIONS

Pancreatitis significantly increases the risk of pancreatic cancer in individuals with diabetes. In particular, PPDM poses the highest risk for pancreatic cancer.
Severe Hypoglycemia and Risk of Falls in Type 2 Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Lee Alexandra K. , Juraschek Stephen P. , Windham B. Gwen , Lee Clare J. , Sharrett A. Richey , Coresh Josef , Selvin Elizabeth
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

Hypoglycemia has been postulated to contribute to falls risk in older adults with type 2 diabetes. However, few studies have prospectively examined the association between severe hypoglycemia and falls, both important causes of morbidity and mortality.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study with diagnosed diabetes at visit 4 (1996–1998). Episodes of severe hypoglycemia requiring medical treatment were identified using ICD-9 codes from hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and ambulance calls; total falls were identified from medical claims using E-codes from 1996 to 2013. Secondary analyses examined hospitalized falls and falls with fracture. We calculated incidence rates and used Cox regression models to evaluate the independent association of severe hypoglycemia with falls occurring after visit 4 through 2013.

RESULTS

Among 1,162 participants with diabetes, 149 ever had a severe hypoglycemic event before baseline or during the median of 13.1 years of follow-up. The crude incidence rate of falls among persons without severe hypoglycemia was 2.17 per 100 person-years (PY) (95% CI 1.93–2.44) compared with 8.81 per 100 PY (6.73–11.53) with severe hypoglycemia. After adjustment, severe hypoglycemia was associated with a more than twofold higher risk of falls (hazard ratio 2.23, 95% CI 1.61–3.07). Associations were consistent in subgroups defined by age, sex, race, BMI, duration of diabetes, or functional difficulty.

CONCLUSIONS

Severe hypoglycemia was associated with a substantially higher risk of falls in this community-based population of adults with diabetes. Fall risk should be considered when individualizing glycemic treatment in older adults. Assessing hypoglycemia history and future hypoglycemia risk could also improve multifactorial fall prevention interventions for older adults with diabetes.
Mannose-Binding Lectin and Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes: A Danish Cohort Study
Authors: Gedebjerg Anne , Bjerre Mette , Kjaergaard Alisa Devedzic , Steffensen Rudi , Nielsen Jens Steen , Rungby Jørgen , Friborg Søren Gunnar , Brandslund Ivan , Thiel Steffen , Beck-Nielsen Henning , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Hansen Troels Krarup , Thomsen Reimar Wernich
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is linked to risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetes, but the nature of the association is unclear. We investigated the association between MBL and the risk of cardiovascular events (CVE) and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In a cohort study of 7,588 patients with type 2 diabetes, we measured serum MBL in 7,305 patients and performed MBL expression genotyping in 3,043 patients. We grouped serum MBL and MBL expression genotypes into three categories: low, intermediate, and high. Outcomes were CVE (myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, unstable angina, or cardiovascular death) and all-cause mortality. The association with outcomes was examined by spline and Cox regression analyses.

RESULTS

Serum MBL and CVE showed a U-shaped association. Compared with the intermediate serum MBL category, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for CVE was 1.82 (95% CI 1.34–2.46) for the low-MBL category and 1.48 (95% CI 1.14–1.92) for the high-MBL category. We found a similar U-shaped association for all-cause mortality, but with lower risk estimates. Compared with the intermediate MBL expression genotype, the adjusted HR for CVE was 1.40 (95% CI 0.87–2.25) for the low-expression genotype and 1.44 (95% CI 1.01–2.06) for the high-expression genotype. MBL expression genotype was not associated with all-cause mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

Both serum MBL and MBL expression genotype showed a U-shaped association with CVE risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Our findings suggest that serum MBL is a risk factor for CVD in this population.
Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Who Carry the Common rs10830963 Variant in the MTNR1B Gene
Authors: Tan Xiao , Benedict Christian
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

The common MTNR1B single nucleotide polymorphism rs10830963 associates with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we examine the association between this gene variant and the risk of myocardial infarction (MCI) among patients with T2D. MCI is a main cause of death and disability among such individuals.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Data from the UK Biobank cohort were used in order to examine the association between rs10830963 and incidence of MCI (fatal and nonfatal) among 13,655 participants with probable T2D during a follow-up period of 6.8 years.

RESULTS

Assuming an additive genetic model, a positive association was found between the rs10830963 variant in the MTNR1B gene and the risk for incident MCI during the 6.8-year follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio per G allele 1.19 [95% CI 1.02, 1.40], P = 0.03).

CONCLUSIONS

The rs10830963 polymorphism may be a useful genetic marker for MCI in patients with T2D.
Temporal Trend in Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes - the Macrovascular and Mortality Risk: Study of UK Primary Care Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Koye Digsu N. , Ling Joanna , Dibato John , Khunti Kamlesh , Montvida Olga , Paul Sanjoy K.
Published: July 2020

Objectives: To
evaluate temporal prevalence trend, cardiometabolic risk factors, and the risk
of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and all-cause mortality (ACM)
in incident young- and usual-onset type 2 diabetes.

Research Design
and Methods: From the UK primary care database, 370,854 people with
new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes from 2000 to 2017 were identified. Analyses
were conducted by age groups (18-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79 years) and high/low
risk status without history of ASCVD at diagnosis - ≥ two of current smoking,
high SBP, high LDL-C or chronic kidney disease were classified as high-risk.

Results: Proportion
of people aged <50 years at diagnosis increased during 2000-2010 and then stabilised.
The incidence rates of ASCVD and ACM declined in people aged ≥50 years, but did
not decrease in people <50 years. Compared to people aged ≥50 years, those
aged 18-39 years at diagnosis had higher obesity (71% obese), higher HbA1c
(8.6%), 71% had high LDL-C, while only 18% were on cardio-protective therapy.
Although 2% in this age group had ASCVD at diagnosis, 23% were identified as
high-risk. In the 18-39 years group, the adjusted average years to ASCVD /ACM
in high-risk individuals (years (95% CI): 9.1 (8.2–10.0) /9.3 (8.1–10.4)) were
similar to those with low-risk (years (95% CI): 10.0 (9.5 – 10.5) /10.5 (9.7–11.2)).
However, individuals ≥50 years with high-risk were likely to experience an ASCVD
event 1.5 - 2 years earlier and death 1.1 – 1.5 years earlier compared to
low-risk groups (p<0.01).

Conclusions: Unlike usual-onset,
young-onset
type 2 diabetes have similar cardiovascular and mortality risk irrespective of
their cardiometabolic risk factor status at diagnosis. The guidelines on the
management of young-onset type 2 diabetes for intensive risk-factor management and
cardioprotective therapies need to be urgently re-evaluated through prospective
studies.
Utanför den svarta lådan: Ett utvecklingsarbete om medie- och informationskunnighet i lärarutbildningen på Södertörns högskola
Authors: Forsler Ingrid , Forsman Michael , Magnusson Jenny
Published: July 2020

Landets lärarutbildningar har problem med att förbereda framtidens lärare för den alltmer digitaliserade skolan. Digital kompetens är redan en integrerad del i skolornas verksamhet men lärarstudenter, skolor, lärarfack, politiker, teknikföretag och andra pekar på att landets lärarutbildningar släpar efter. Vår uppkopplade samtid behöver också satsningar på medie- och informationskunnighet (MIK). I den här artikeln beskriver och reflekterar tre lärarutbildare från Södertörns högskola över sitt arbete med MIK som inom ramen för en pågående satsning i lärarutbildningen används som samlingsterm för tre förmågor som både lärarstudenter och lärarutbildare bör nå: digital kompetens, mediekunnighet och informationskunnighet. Målsättningen med att implementera dessa tre förmågor och begrepp på lärarutbildningen har varit att kombinera konkret tillämpning och kritisk reflektion för att på så sätt skapa förutsättningar för att utbilda medie- och teknikmedvetna lärare för den digitaliserade skolan och det medialiserade samhället. I artikeln diskuteras organisatoriska och praktiska utmaningar med ett sådant utvecklingsarbete samt vikten av samverkan, erfarenhetsutbyte och kontinuitet. En slutsats är att det är viktigt att tänka på digitala medier inte bara i termer av verktyg utan också som miljöer inom vilka lärarutbildningen ska utbilda digitalt kompetenta lärare för framtiden och samtidigt behålla sin autonomi visavi starka externa ekonomiska, politiska och pedagogiska krafter.
IMPLEMENTASI GREEDY FORWARD SELECTION UNTUK PREDIKSI METODE PENYAKIT KUTIL MENGGUNAKAN DECISION TREE
Authors: Fitriyani Fitriyani , Arifin Toni
Published: July 2020

Penyakit kutil dapat ditangani dengan berbagai metode seperti cryotherapy danÂ  immunotherapy, akan tetapi dokter belum mengetahui metode pengobatan yang paling tepat untuk pasien, sehingga diperlukan pengujian agar dapat diketahui metode yang paling tepat untuk pasien. Penelitian ini menggunakan dataset cryotherapy dan immunotherapy dengan menggunakan algoritma klasifikasi Decision Tree. Pada dataset ini terdapat atribut atau fitur yang tidak relevan sehingga dilakukan seleksi fitur menggunakan Greedy Forward Selection. Hasil penelitian ini akan dilakukan perbandingan kinerja dari algoritma Decision Tree tanpa seleksi fitur Greedy Forward Selection dengan Decision Tree yang di integrasikan pada seleksi fitur Greedy Forward Selection dan pemilihan metode pengobatan penyakit kutil yang terbaik.
Optimasi Formula Tablet Piroksikam Menggunakan Eksipien Laktosa, Avicel pH-101, dan Amprotab dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design
Authors: Kusuma Ikhwan Yuda , Prabandari Rani
Published: July 2020

Piroxicam solubility in water is very small this cause problem in the process of absorption so that it’s required an optimal formula to establish the physical properties of tablet quality for piroxicam tablets. The purpose of this research was creating formulas with the optimal combination of excipients lactose, Avicel pH 101, and piroxicam amprotab to obtain tablets with good physical properties and disolution. Seven piroxicam tablet formulas were made with a combination of lactose, avicel PH-101, and Amprotab on 2 batches. Method for making tablets piroxicam was established by direct compression. Tests included were the physical properties of piroxicam tablets tablets weight uniformity, uniformity of size, hardness, brittleness, disintegration test, as well as dissolution test, and content uniformity. Based on the simplex lattice design method, lactose is a dominant factor to improved the uniformity of tablet’s concentartions. Interaction of two components avicel PH-101 and amprotab is a dominant factor to reduced vulnerability. Interaction of three components lactose, avicel PH-101 and amprotab is a dominant factor to lowered the value coefisien variation of weight uniformity, increased hardness, decreased the disintegration, and improved dissolution of tablets. Selection of the optimum formula was determined by the method of simplex lattice design through diagrams superimposed contour plots and contour plots for obtaining the optimal proportions of each ingredient as follows: lactose (85,154–100%), avicel PH-101 (0–12,437%), and amprotab (0–5,425%).
Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Buah Adas (Foenicullum vulgare Mill.) terhadap Kadar Hormon Prolaktin Tikus Putih Betina Post Partum
Authors: Abdul Ahwan , Safitri Fridah Wahyu , Purbowati Rantika
Published: July 2020

Fennel plants are plants that have various traditional properties, such as facilitating breast milk or lactagogum. The aim of this research was to give ethanol extract of fennel fruit to increase the level of the hormone prolactin in lactating mice, so that the milk produced was increased. Subjects consisted of 12 postpartum female rats, divided into 1 control group (1% CMC Na) and 3 treatment groups (doses of 100, 500 and 1000 mg / Kg BW). Fennel fruit extract was given orally for each group for 14 days, after the treatment of blood samples were taken and centrifuged, the serum was read by Elisa Reader. The data obtained were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANAVA and Tukey's Multiple Comparison (post hoc test). Fennel fruit extract given from a dose of 100; 500 and 1000 mg / kg BW can significantly increase levels of the hormone prolactin (p 0.05) in nursing mice, respectively by 42.11; 44.26 and 43.83 ng / mL compared to controls (32.64 ng/mL).
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SEBAGAI DAMPAK PEMBELAJARAN SINEKTIK DAN TIPE KEPRIBADIAN
Authors: Saleh Chairul , Negara Hasan Sastra , Istihana Istihana
Published: July 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan pengaruh kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis antara pembelajaran Sinektik dengan peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional, (2) mendeskripsikan pengaruh tipe kepribadian peserta didik terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik, dan (3) mendeskripsikan interaksi antara pembelajaran Sinektik terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis ditinjau dari tipe kepribadian peserta didik. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu quasi eksperimental. Desain penelitian posttest only control design dan kelompok dipilih secara random. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran Sinektik secara signifikan terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis, tidak terdapat pengaruh tipe kepribadian terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis secara signifikan, dan terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran Sinektik dan Tipe Kepribadian terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis.
Efficient Authentication Mechanism For Defending Against Reflection-Based Attacks on Domain Name System
Authors: Hasan Dana , Hama Amin Rebeen R. , Hussin Masnida
Published: July 2020

Domain Name System (DNS) is one of few services on the Internet which is allowed through every security barrier. It mostly depends on the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as the transport protocol, which is a connectionless protocol with no built-in authentication mechanism. On top of that, DNS responses are substantially larger than their corresponding requests. These two key features made DNS a fabulous attacking tool for cybercriminals to reflect and amplify a huge volume of requests to consume their victim's resources. Recent incidents revealed how harsh DNS could be when it is abused with great complexity by attackers. Moreover, these events had proven that any defense mechanism with single point deployment couldn’t accurately and efficiently overcome an attack volume with high dynamicity. In this paper, we proposed the Efficient Distributed-based Defense Scheme (EDDS) to overcome the shortcomings of a centralized-based defense mechanism. By using an authentication message exchange, which is a Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)-based authentication mechanism. It is deployed on multiple nodes to determine the legitimacy of the DNS request. Moreover, it significantly reduces the impact of the amplification factor for the fake DNS requests without having any side effects on legitimate ones. Then, a Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI)-based packet filtering is proposed to distinguish legitimate requests from fake ones by considering the results of the authentication procedure. Both authentication-message exchange and SPI-based filtering are introduced to provide detection accuracy without reducing the quality of service for legitimate users. As the simulation results show, the proposed mechanism can efficiently and accurately detect, isolate, and discard the bogus traffic with minimal overhead on the system.
Analisis Karakteristik Psikologi Atlet Atletik Berdasarkan Nomor Event Lari, Lempar, dan Lompat
Authors: Candra Adiska rani Ditya , Budiyanto Kumbul Slamet , Sobihin Sobihin
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik psikologi Atlet pada cabang olahraga Atletik serta membandingkan perbedaan antar nomor event yang terdiri dari nomor Lari, Lempar dan lompat. Penelitian dilakukan pada Atlet UKM Atletik Universitas Negeri Semarang dengan jumlah 27 Atlet Mahasiswa (11 Atlet Sprint, 6 Atlet Lari Jarak Panjang, 6 Atlet Lompat dan 6 Atlet Lempar). Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu instrumen Psychological Skill Inventory For Sport (PSIS-IR-5) Oleh Mahoney (1987) dan diadopsi dan dikembangkan pada Negara Deutch yaitu menjadi (PSIS-Youth-Cro) (Sindik et al., 2013). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan analisis karakteristik Psikologi Atlet UKM Atletik adalah sebagai berikut Faktor yang paling dominan dari 6 faktor yang diteliti Motivasi dan Percaya diri. Motivasi paling baik ditunjukkan oleh atlet lempar dan setelah diikuti oleh atlet lompat sprit dan atlet lari jarak jauh, Sedangkan faktor percaya diri paling baik dimiliki oleh atlet lari jarak menengah diikuti alet lempar, sprint dan lompat. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan dari masing-masing nomor event, pada faktor Kecemasan, Persiapan Mental, Motivasi, Perhatian Tim, Konsentrasi dan Percaya Diri. Ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa, Karakteristik Psikologi Atlet Atlet dari keempat nomor event tersebut tidak memiliki peredaaan berarti.
The Influence Of Drill, Small Game, And Agility Exercise Methods Against Dribbling Capability Of Students At PSB Junior Football School District XIII Koto Kampar
Authors: Syahrastani Syahrastani , Kamal Fajri
Published: July 2020

Multimedia is a more complex learning media, and a means of delivering messages in two or more forms. This study aims to determine the effect of 50 M freestyle swimming course using multimedia on the learning outcomes of student majoring in sports education at FIK UNP. The method used is quasi experiment. The sampling technique is done by using a random sample quota technique. The sample size for each treatment group is 10 people, so the number of samples is 20 people or 50% of the total population. The results of the data normality test calculation used the Kolmogorov Smirnov test at a significance level of 0.05, showing a significance value> 0.05, so that all sample groups in this study came from normally distributed populations. From the hypothesis test using the t test, tcount> ttable or significance ≤ α value (0.05) was produced. The conclusion of the study was the 50 M freestyle swimming course using multimedia significantly affected the learning outcomes of FIK UNP's Sport Education students.
Mengembangkan Kreatifitas Anak Melalui Permainan Warna Dengan Media Benang
Authors: Anggia Alma Rara , Nopriansyah Untung
Published: July 2020

Penulis Melakukan penelitian di RA Perwanida I Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian Deskriptif Kualitatif. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang penulis gunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan kreativitas anak melalui permainan warna dengan media benang pada usia 5-6 tahun di RA Perwanida I Bandar lampung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat penulis simpulkan bahwa dalam mengembangkan kreativitas anak melalui permainan warna dengan media benang di RA Perwanida I Bandar Lampung bahwa tingkat perkembangan kreativitas anak yang termasuk pada kategori belum berkembang ada 4 orang anak dengan tingkat presentase 20%, kategori mulai berkembang ada 7 anak dengan tingkat presentase 35% sedangkan kategori berkembang sesuai harapan ada 7 anak dengan tingkat presentase 35% dan kemampuan anak dengan kategori berkembang sangat baik ada 2 anak dengan tingkat presentase 10%.
Supervisi (PKBM) Terhadap Kepala Sekolah Terkait Manajemen Pembelajaran PAUD
Authors: Susanti Utia Virli , Mulya Neni
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan terkait pengawasan PKBM terhadap kepala sekolah di TK Sanggar Anak Alam. Terkait dari hasil wawancara disekolah peneliti mengetahui bahwa pihak TK Sanggar anak Alam tidak diberikan pengawasan oleh pihak dinas pendidikan, tetapi pengawasan dari PKBM. Bahwasannya dilembaga TK tersebut berbeda dengan TK lainnya, Mereka memakai kurikulum sendiri, dan mereka mengedepankan belajar melalui minat anak. Sehingga unit bagian PKBM memberikan pengawasan kepala sekolah berupa pertemuan forum dan disana kepala sekolah memberikan hasil kinerja guru selama beberapa minggu dan pihak PKBM akan memberikan saran dan masukan jika ada guru maupun kepala sekolah yang melanggar aturan dari ketetapan di TK Sanggar Anak Alam. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan secara utuh dan mendalam tentang realitas sosial dan berbagai fenomena yang terjadi dimasyarakat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan studi kasus dengan studi kasus yang akan peneliti tujukan untuk memberikan gambaran yang komprehensif dan sistematis. Proses pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan dokumentasi, observasi, dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah pihak PKBM memberikan kebijakan apakah dalam satu semester kinerja guru sesuai dan tercapai dalam mengembangkan minat anak, mengembangkan enam aspek perkembangan dan bagaimana pihak kepala sekolah melihat itu semua. Pihak PKBM memberikan arsip dan dokumentasi dari hasil karya yang anak lakukan dan PKBM memberikan kebijakan jika ada hal yang baru dan bisa menjadi saran dalam melakukan pengawasan kepada pihak kepala sekolah di TK Sanggar Anak Alam.Kata Kunci:pengawasan PKBM, kepala sekolah.
Green Burial in Hong Kong
Authors: Lau Cynthia S. Y. , Yee Hilary H. L. , Ng Tommy K. C. , Fong Ben Y. F.
Published: July 2020

Green Burial is a burial method which uses biodegradable materials to entomb the dead body instead of cremating by using embalmed liquid. It aims to let the body return to the nature naturally. With an ageing population, there is an increase of demand on columbarium and niches in Hong Kong, and green burial has been introduced as a more sustainable option to bury the deceased. The current paper has summarised the official documents regarding the green burial programme proposed by the Hong Kong government. The reason why people do not prefer green burial may be due to the Chinese traditional belief and the lack of education. Methods of delivery of message and social media coverage are issues leading to people not being encouraged to use green burial. United States and Singapore develop improved approaches in performing green burial. The effect in promoting green burial services is evaluated in this study and recommendations on improving the way of promotion are proposed.
Home Hygiene and Prevention of Infections
Authors: Lai Zoe F.Y , Kaur Sukhpreet
Published: July 2020

Health is wealth - a famous proverb that almost everyone has heard of but may not have fully understood its essence. Health comes from maintaining cleanliness and hygiene which starts from home and expands to workplaces and public areas. By practicing hygiene in the home and everyday life settings, it will have impact significantly in reducing the global burden of infectious diseases that kills over 17 million people a year. Mainly caused by microorganisms, infections can easily spread by direct and indirect contact. Common infectious diseases include chickenpox, common cold, malaria and pertussis. These diseases tend to have specific symptoms such as fever, diarrhoea, fatigue and muscle aches. In institutional settings, such as schools and child-cares settings, information relating hand hygiene is routine. However, the home environment is one of the potential sources of transmission of infectious diseases. This situation, of course, needs to be re-evaluated and the promotion of home hygiene should be encouraged. Positive correlation has been found between home hygiene practices and risk of disease transmission in homes where the first line of defence against infectious diseases is cleaning and disinfecting plus maintaining good hand hygiene. But, the implementation for an effective policy to monitor home hygiene is rather complex due to varying determinants of health. In a nutshell, proper home hygiene and cleaning practices lead to reduced risk of spreading infectious diseases. They should form the key issues in the practice of health promotion in the community and institutions.
In This Issue
Authors: Briggs David
Published: July 2020

This special issue responds to publications arising from presentations at the 2020 CPCE Health Conference held in Hong Kong in January. The conference was conducted by the College of Professional and Continuing Education of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University in association with a number a number of organisations including the Centre for Ageing and Healthcare Management Research and our colleagues from the Hong Kong College of Health Service Executives.The theme of the conference was ‘Ageing with Health and Dignity – Implications for Public Policy, Service Delivery Workforce, Technology and Financing’.....
Analisis terjadinya hentakan dan suara keras pada suspensi belakang unit dump truck HD 785-7
Authors: Purwono Hendro , Rasma Rasma , Effendi Riki
Published: July 2020

The suspension system on the machine unit is very important to support the unit weight against the road surface and also protect the transmission from the vertical vibration of the wheels to the body of the unit. When the unit passes a damaged or bumpy road at high speed, shock loads from the road surface will be felt, so the role of the suspension is crucial in protecting components from damage, maintaining operator comfort and undamaged loads. HD 785-7 unit is one type of dump truck that uses cylindrical pneumatic hydro suspension that contains nitrogen and oil gases to absorb loads or vibrations from the road surface. In its operation which functions as a material carrier in the mine area, there are often problems with the suspension especially at the rear because it is holding a heavier load. Therefore, research needs to be carried out aimed at finding the main causes and solutions to these problems using data collection methods, namely: field surveys, interviews, and library research. The results show that damage to the valve core causes the valve to leak and cause the chamber at the top of the cylinder suspension to be occupied by nitrogen gas to be reduced so that the suspension suffers harsh strokes when operated especially on damaged roads. Damage to the valve core is caused by the use of non-standard and too tight tools in its installation. Keywords: hard suspension, valve core, feed valve, nitrogen gas, oil.
Simulasi numerik kombinasi perpindahan panas konveksi alami dan radiasi pada square cavity
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Suheni Suheni , Maulana HS , Syafii Muhammad
Published: July 2020

Natural convection is very important in some cases such as glass windows, solar collectors, electronic measuring devices (cooling devices for electronic instruments) and building materials that use insulation. In this research, will be seen the phenomenon of natural convection that occurs in square cavity. The method used for simulation is computational fluid dynamics or CFD. The model used is the 2D cavity model. In this simulation the value of Rayleigh Number (Ra) was varied i.e. 103,104,105 and 106. From this research, it is found that the higher the value of Ra in cavity, the higher the value of the average Nusselt Number (𝑁̅𝑢 ) on the wall which has a high temperature. Ra = 103 so that 𝑁̅𝑢 = 1.17. Ra =104, so that 𝑁̅𝑢 = 2.2. Ra = 105, so that 𝑁̅𝑢 = 4.47. Ra = 106, and then so that 𝑁̅𝑢 = 8.95. Based on the value and contour of the flow the smaller the Ra value in the square cavity, the isothermal line phenomenon that appears will be more vertical. The greater the Ra value in the cavity, the contour of the stream function will change to an ellipse and finally two vortices will appear.Keywords: Numerical simulation, konveksi, radiasi, square cavity.
Pengaruh prosentase larutan NaOH pada proses alkalisasi serat kulit pohon waru (hibiscus tiliaceus) sebagai reinforcement komposit terhadap kekuatan tarik serat tunggal
Authors: Fadhillah Arief Rizki , Hermawan Dadang , Wardhani Arie Restu
Published: July 2020

The utilization of natural fiber, nowadays, has employed as reinforcement of composite materials. Natural fiber can benefit the composite material because of the characters of fibre which is more environmental friendly, economics, lighter and stronger. There are many natural fibers that can be used as reinforcement of composite materials such as the bark fibers of Hibiscus Tiliaceus. Hibiscus Tiliaceus is one species of Hibiscus Tiliaceus that can be found in the mountains in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the tensile strength of a single fiber in Hibiscus Tiliaceus fiber with the additional various percentage of NaOH in the alkalization treatment. The alkalization treatment analyzes the alkali process of NaOH substance by 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and without treatment within the bark of Hibiscus Tiliaceus tree. The treatment was undertaken by soaking the NaOH substance in a duration of 120 minutes. After the NaOH solution was immersed, the bark fiber of Hibiscus Tiliaceus was washed with aquades until the solution reaches a pH of 7. The results of this study show the percentage of NaOH solution in the alkaline immersion process affects the tensile strength of a single fiber on Hibiscus Tiliaceus and the process of NaOH solution which has a release of 6% lignin, cellulose, and semilulose content. In addition, the NaOH treatment with a percentage of 6% can be the standard of the process of alkalizing the bark fiber of Hibiscus Tiliaceus which can be used for composite reinforcement. Therefore, 6% of NaOH can affect the bond between the Hibiscus Tiliaceus fibers as reinforcement and synthetic resins as a matrix which can increase the strength of the composite.