bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ABORDAGENS ANESTÉSICAS EM CIRURGIAS DE TRANSPLANTE DE ÓRGÃOS: NOVAS TÉCNICAS E RESULTADOS CLÍNICOS
Authors: Nascimento Luccas Fernandes , Muniz Victoria Cavalcante , Maroti Lara Pessanha da Rocha , Barros Stella Freitas , Oliveira Maria Adelina Roque Teixeira de , Fonseca Muriel Macedo Pinheiro da , Santos Sintya Jardim Barros , Ierardi Marcela Oliveira , Rodrigues Pedro Henrique Taufer , Mrozinski Gabriela Nairana Pedroso , Turco Débora Constant , Piton Anelise
Published: June 2024

As cirurgias de transplante de órgãos representam um dos procedimentos mais complexos e desafiadores na medicina moderna. O sucesso desses procedimentos depende não apenas da habilidade cirúrgica, mas também do manejo anestésico adequado, que é crucial para garantir a estabilidade hemodinâmica e minimizar complicações perioperatórias. Nos últimos anos, novas técnicas anestésicas têm sido desenvolvidas e implementadas, visando melhorar os resultados clínicos e acelerar a recuperação dos pacientes. Objetivo: : Analisar e comparar as diferentes abordagens anestésicas utilizadas em cirurgias de transplante de órgãos, com foco nas inovações técnicas e nos resultados clínicos associados. Metodologia:  Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Medline, Scielo e Pubmed, buscando artigos publicados entre os anos de 2019 e 2023, nos idiomas Português ou Inglês. Considerações Finais: As abordagens anestésicas em cirurgias de transplante de órgãos têm avançado com novas técnicas que melhoram a estabilidade hemodinâmica, reduzem complicações perioperatórias e otimizam a recuperação pós-operatória. Essas inovações não apenas aumentam a sobrevida dos pacientes, mas também aceleram seu retorno às atividades diárias, destacando a importância contínua de pesquisas para validar e aprimorar essas técnicas.
Comparison of deep learning models for weather forecasting in different climatic zones
Authors: Alam Farjana , Islam Maidul , Deb Arnob , Hossain Sadab Sifar
Published: June 2024

Weather forecasting has become an integral part of our day-to-day life. Weather holds significant importance in our everyday lives, impacting areas such as how we travel, produce food, and maintain public well-being. Mostly, weather prediction is done with machines learning models, but the use of deep learning techniques in this field in growing. Still, the existing studies are not sufficient to get a clear concept of weather prediction in different climatic zones. Therefore, in this study, selected four deep learning models, RNN, CNN and LSTM, to predict temperature in four climatic zones. We selected four cities, Dhaka, Moscow, Dubai and Brasilia from four different climatic zones. It is seen that the overall accuracy (OA) of LSTM ranged between 85% to 95%, followed by CNN 78% to 91%, and RNN  64% to 94%. Though the OA values of these three models in four climatic zones differs significantly, high AUC values were seen in all scenario. The highest AUC value (0.999) was seen in continental climatic zone for LSTM model and lowest (0.963) in mil climatic zone for RNN.
Forecasting Indonesia's Unemployment Rates Using Moving Average Methods
Authors: Orisa‬ Mira , Faisol Ahmad
Published: June 2024

In general, individuals with higher levels of education tend to have more opportunities for better workplace employment. Unemployment stands as one of the major social and economic issues in Indonesia. Forecasting can aid governments in predicting the annual unemployment rate. One of the methods used for forecasting is the simple moving average. This method is advantageous over other forecasting techniques when processing data with less complex fluctuations. It is utilized to align historical data over a specific time frame to identify underlying trends or patterns in the data. The moving average method involves two crucial stages: selecting the time window and evenly calculating the values within that window. Based on the data decomposition results, two time periods were identified within the dataset: one spanning 6 months and the other 12 months. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) associated with the 6-month Period is lower than that of the 12-month window, indicating that predictions derived from a 6-month timeframe are more accurate than those based on a 12-month period. A clear relationship is observed between the volume of data (number of observations) and the accuracy of predictions for the simple moving average.
स्वच्छ भारत अभियान की चुनौतियां और संभावनाएं एक अध्ययन
Authors: डॉक्टर बबीता  , आजाद सिंह
Published: June 2024

प्रधानमंत्री श्री नरेंद्र मोदी जी द्वारा 2 अक्टूबर 2014 को शुरू किए गए स्वच्छ भारत अभियान को तीन साल पूरे हो गए हैं। स्वच्छता का यह अभियान इन 70 सालों में भारत सरकार का देश में सफाई और उसे खुले में शौच से मुक्त करने का कोई पहला कदम हो ऐसा नहीं है। पूर्ववर्ती सरकारे गांवों में स्वच्छता के लिए कोई न कोई कार्यक्रम चलाती रही है। इस दिशा में ठोस कदम 1999 में सरकार ने उठाया था एवं समग्र स्वच्छता के उद्देश्य से निर्मल भारत अभियान की शुरुआत की गई, जिसका नाम संपूर्ण स्वच्छता अभियान रखा गया था। किन्तु आजादी के इतने वर्षो बाद भी हमारे देश में स्वछता को लेकर लोग जागरूक नहीं है। 2014 में आई सयुंक्त राष्ट्र की रिपोर्ट में कहा गया, जिसमे विस्तृत रूप से लेख था कि भारत की करीब 60 फीसदी आबादी खुले में शौच करती है और इसी रिपोर्ट के आधार पर प्रधानमंत्री मोदी जी ने स्वच्छ भारत मिशन की शुरुआत की एवं इसे अपनी सरकार की प्राथमिकता माना।
КИБЕРБУЛЛИНГ КАК РАСТУЩАЯ УГРОЗА ИНФОРМАЦИОННОГО ОБЩЕСТВА
Authors: Едреев Т.Ш.-М.
Published: June 2024

Кибербуллинг выступает в качестве одного из проявлений общения в цифровом пространстве и, по мнению автора, является серьезной угрозой современного времени. Сложность борьбы с кибербуллингом многоаспектна, а тенденции развития Интернета, технологий виртуальной и дополненной реальности только усиливает опасность данного явления в будущем.
В статье анализируются тенденции усиления угроз кибербуллинга в отношении пользователей в условиях нарастания масштабов цифровизации, рассматриваются статистические показатели, а также дискуссионные аспекты борьбы с кибербуллингом.
GALING KAY TEACHER INCENTIVE PROGRAM AND ENGAGEMENT OF PARENTS TO
SCHOOL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Maribeth T. Cabañero
Published: June 2024

This study has aimed to determine the effect of Galing kay teacher approach on the level of engagement of parents in school activities.This study made used the quasi experimental research designed which was a non-equivalent control group pretest- posttest design. Non-equivalent designed was good design when the researcher has access to one group for experimentation (Vockel 2019). The researcher opted to used this design because the subject of the study was intact group of learners. this study was conducted. This study was conducted at Tubison Elementary School, Division of Davao Del Sur. The subject were the 50 grade five parents-25 was from section A which was controlled group and 25 was section B which was the experimental group. The composition of these two sections was homogeneous. Parents of section A and B have identical economic status.This study made used of the non-random assignment of subjects where parents of both section A and B was involved as subjects study. This study revealed that application of Galing kay Teacher approach had increased the engagement rate of parents in school activities. Parents attend meeting, school programs and take part in the implementation as galing kay teacher approach was implemented.
KEYWORDS: Giving Incentives is a motivation.
Peculiarities of applying mechanisms for the restoration and development of territories in accordance with functional types
Authors: Turchak Dmytro V.
Published: June 2024

The article aims to determine the features of the mechanisms that will be used to restore Ukraine in accordance with the existing division into functional types of territories. In chronological order, the article analyzes the main legislative acts that determine the order and features of the planning process of the recovery of our state from the consequences of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation. The author notes that a new system of regional classification has been developed for the effective selection of mechanisms for the adjustment of the socio-economic sphere. The article emphasizes that when determining what type a specific territory belongs to, as well as taking into account the real level of threat and the scale of destruction caused by the Russian party, an appropriate set of recovery tools should be selected. Their application should be focused on the poles of economic growth, on the territories of sustainable development, and in areas with special operating conditions. The author argues that the reconstruction process must comply with all the principles of European governance. The implementation of democratic transformations within the country, the fight against corruption, and the completion of the decentralization reform are key drivers of the effective application of recovery mechanisms and tools. The article explains that the implementation of measures to implement reconstruction programs in the regions that suffered the greatest destruction and were in a state of temporary occupation is an extremely difficult task and requires an adaptive approach taking into account the entire set of factors of their development. The procedure for restoring the damaged and destroyed infrastructure is considered separately. The authors note that the priority tasks include the establishment of transport connections and interregional logistics. Further measures may vary depending on the extent of damage and specific needs on the ground. The role of international support for the successful implementation of the recovery plan developed by the government of Ukraine is characterized.
Environmental and socio-economic constrains on tourism development in the region
Authors: Kovalyshyn Volodymyr R. , Monastyrskyy Oleksandr Ya.
Published: June 2024

Tourism belongs to economic sectors, which demonstrate the most dynamic development and transformation. In recent years, the popularity of domestic tourism in Ukraine has grown significantly, which is triggered particularly by the intensification of the population’s life activities and forced objective factors, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and Russian aggression against Ukraine. These have resulted in restrictions on foreign travel and relocation of citizens to relatively safe western regions. At the same time, the development of domestic tourism has not only positive, but also negative sides, the main of which include the increase of anthropogenic load on regional ecosystems, depletion of certain natural resources, and, in general, potential negative impact on the environment. First of all, such types of tourism as ecological and rural are affected, which are particularly sensitive to changes in environmental conditions and deterioration of the ecological and socio-economic situation. To ensure sustainable development, tourism activity should be regulated considering the availability and possibility of using the resources that are necessary for its provision. The paper examines environmental and economic constraints that arise in tourism. The necessity of introducing sustainable tourism for the balanced ecological and economic development of the regions is substantiated. The key challenges that have arisen on the way to the development of the tourism industry are identified. The priority of considering environmental constraints over socio-economic constraints is emphasized. The role of various stakeholders in the regulation of sustainable tourism is analyzed, emphasizing the key role of local communities, which are very interested in regional tourism development. The availability of relevant normative documents, which contain a list of environmental and social requirements, will allow to ensure the development of tourism with the minimization of negative impact on the environment. The research was mainly conducted on the example of the Carpathian region of Ukraine, which in the last few years has been marked by the active development of tourism, at the same time being one of the most vulnerable regions in ecological and social terms.
Matemáticas, Multiculturalismo e EJA: considerações sobre a proposta curricular dos anos finais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Santos Douglas Silva , Ornellas Janaina Farias de , Pompeu Carla Cristina
Published: June 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as Diretrizes Curriculares para o ensino de matemática presente na Proposta Curricular para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) do segundo segmento do Ensino Fundamental, mais especificamente, as orientações referentes ao tratamento dos saberes matemáticos extraescolares, presente no cotidiano dos alunos. Ao longo do texto, nos fundamentamos em referenciais teóricos que discutem sobre o Multiculturalismo, Educação Matemática na EJA e em pesquisas curriculares da área de Educação Matemática. A partir da análise documental, foi possível perceber que o documento surge em um contexto marcado por uma ausência de Diretrizes Curriculares voltadas para EJA; que ainda hoje a proposta se mantêm como um dos principais documentos com diretrizes curriculares para o ensino de matemática na EJA;  e seus destaques giram em torno de apontamentos que consideram a importância de utilizar os diferentes saberes matemáticos que os educandos desenvolveram ao longo de suas vidas e a necessidade de um ensino de matemática contextualizado.
Analisis Prediksi Kebangkrutan dengan Metode Altman Z-Score pada Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Ningsih Putu Tirta Sari , Gusvarizon Muhammad , Jamal Ismazidni Nazlia
Published: June 2024

Untuk mengetahui kebangkrutan pada sebuah perusahaan dapat diidentifikasi lebih awal sebelum terlambat. Beberapa ahli sudah mengembangkan model-model prediksi kebangkrutan yang dapat membantu manajer dalam memprediksi terjadinya kebangkrutan. Salah satu metode adalah menggunakan metode Altman Z-Score. Metode Altman Z-Score merupakan salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk memprediksi tingkat kebangkrutan suatu perusahaan dengan menghitung nilai dari beberapa rasio, kemudian dimasukan dalam persamaan diskriminan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa prediksi kebangkrutan pada perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2017-2020 dengan menggunakan metode Altman Z-Score. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan didapat sebanyak lima perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu metode Altman Z-Score dengan lima rasio. Sumber data pada penelitian ini yaitu data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian pada lima sampel perusahaan makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan menggunakan metode Altman Z-Score dari tahun 2017 sampai dengan tahun 2020, menunjukkan di tahun 2017 sampai dengan tahun 2019 terdapat empat perusahaan dalam kategori sehat dan satu perusahaan dalam kategori grey area. Perusahaan yang masuk kedalam kategori grey area yaitu PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo Tbk (ROTI). Di tahun 2020 terdapat tiga perusahaan berada dalam kategori sehat dan dua perusahaan berada dalam kategori grey area yaitu PT Ultra Jaya Milk Industry Tbk (ULTJ) dan PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo Tbk (ROTI).
The Relationship Between Nurses' Attitudes and Motivation with Compliance The Use of Personal Protective Equipment at RSUD Ngimbang Lamongan
Authors: Sholihah Iklimatus , Sari Sheviana Puspita , Rohmatunnisak Febi , Suratmi Suratmi , Ubudiyah Masunatul
Published: June 2024

Nurses in providing nursing care to patients must refer to the SOP that has been implemented by the hospital, including adherence to the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in treating patients with a positive attitude and high motivation. It is expected that a nurse has good behavior in using PPE. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between attitude and motivation for using personal protective equipment (PPE) at  Ngimbangs Hospital. This study used a correlational analytic design with the cross-sectional method and used a random sampling technique to obtain 88 respondents. Research data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of a nurse’s attitude questionnaire, motivation scale, and compliance with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) questionnaire. All questionnaires were declared valid and reliable. The results showed a positive attitude with high adherence of 46 nurses (53.3%). The data were analyzed using the Spearman rho test and obtained a value of p= 0.000 and a value of 0,516, meaning that there is a relationship between attitudes and adherence to the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Ngimbang Hospital. The result showed the nurses who had high motivation and high compliance were 46 nurses (52.3%). The research data were analyzed using the Spearman rho test and obtained a value of p= 0.000 and a value of 0,508, maintaining the health and comfort of nurses in any type of work environment, especially in a hospital.
The Effect of FE, Guava Juice, and Cantaloupe on Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women
Authors: Agrisdian Zerly , Lutfiah Nita Hasna , Shobirin Gilang Akbar
Published: June 2024

Anemia, characterized by below-normal hemoglobin levels, is a common problem among pregnant women and can have serious consequences if left untreated. Fe (iron) plays a role in increasing hemoglobin synthesis in the body. Giving guava and cantaloupe juice containing vitamin C is expected to increase Fe absorption so that it can increase hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. The type of research used was a quasi-experiment with a pre- and post-test control group research design. The research sample was divided into two groups, namely the experimental group with the treatment of giving Fe tablets accompanied by guava juice and cantaloupe and the control group, which was only given Fe tablets. The number of samples was 18 pregnant women in the second and third trimesters in each group. The study was conducted for 1 month at Mrs. “N” PMB in Mojoagung, Jombang. There is a relationship between the administration of Fe tablets accompanied by red guava juice and cantaloupe in pregnant women, where pregnant women who consume Fe tablets and red guava juice and cantaloupe experience higher hemoglobin levels than the control group who only consume Fe tablets. Consumption of Fe tablets accompanied by guava and cantaloupe juice can increase hemoglobin levels in pregnant women. For further research, lab tests can be conducted to measure vitamin C levels in several juice formulas.
APLIKASI TEKNIK RELAKSASI BENSON TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN TEKANAN DARAH DAN PSIKOLOGIS PADA LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI
Authors: Ramadhani Dwi Yuniar , Mahundingan Rosari O. , Rukmini Rukmini , Andriani Dewi
Published: June 2024

Introduction &; Aim: Hypertension is a chronic disease, where the sufferer will have an impact on the emergence of health problems, one of which is psychological problems. Patients who have to take medicine daily sometimes experience boredom, sadness, and fear of complications. This activity aims to provide health education and practice Benson's relaxation techniques. Method of Activity: Before the action is carried out, counseling is conducted, namely conducting an initial survey, followed by a time and place contract and then implementation. The media used is a booklet containing hypertension and Benson's relaxation techniques. The methods were lectures, question and answer discussions, and demonstrations and provided Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) questionnaires. Results: Activities were carried out in the RW 4 Kapasan Village and Simokerti Districts obtained 22 elderly people affected by hypertension. The results of depression screening found mild depression in 12 people (55%) before the action and 9 people (41%) with mild depression after the procedure. Likewise, the categorization of stage 1 hypertension was 14 people (64%), and after action 12 people (54.5%). Discussion: Changes experienced by the elderly Benson's relaxation technique can be an alternative as an action to manage blood pressure and psychological elderly with hypertension. This technique is effortless to do independently and can be done on the sidelines.
PEMANTAPAN CAREGIVER DALAM PELAYANAN KOMPLEMENTER PADA GERIATRI (PENDAMPINGAN SMK PUSAT KEJURUAN)
Authors: Ulfa Ana Farida , Pujiani Pujiani , Zuliani Zuliani , Rhamandani Widiyanto , Prihartini Endang Suhartatik , Liala Haniah Nur
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Aim: Vocational High School (SMK) is a secondary education level organized to prepare graduates to enter the world of work. Vocational School's flagship program is to make graduates professional, ready, and skilled to synergize with the world of work, and are nursing assistants with specialization skills as caregivers. This community service activity aimed to strengthen alumni as caregivers through the Strengthening Caregivers in Complementary Services for Geriatric workshop. Method of Activity: the method of this community service activity is Participatory Action Research (PAR) with the form of activities What was carried out was a lecture and discussion on the topic of geriatric care and complementary cupping therapy, the activity continued with a simulation of the SOP for implementing cupping therapy and participant participation in cupping therapy activities at community service activities. about therapy in geriatrics and cupping training. The activity continued by involving students in cupping nursing therapy community service activities. Results: The community service activities of workshops, seminars, and complementary cupping therapy training ran smoothly, and were very relevant to the needs of SMK PK Bakti Indonesia Media alumni in providing services to the elderly. Discussion: Cupping therapy is relevant to the competency of vocational school graduates in providing services (caregivers) to the elderly. This is in accordance with the characteristics of Indonesian society, which is predominantly Muslim. Based on the results of community service activities, it was found that cupping therapy is effective for elderly people with hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and bone pain. Cupping therapy competency can improve the quality of teaching factory implementation in vocational schools.
IMPLEMENTASI DIORAMA 3D INTERAKTIF BERBASIS PILAR (Dio- 3D IBP) DALAM MENINGKATKAN SELF MANAGEMENT DAN BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL PADA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI
Authors: Fajriyah Novita , Susanti Susanti , Iswati Iswati , Geonarso Roberto
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Aim: Hypertension is a chronic disease and is considered a global health problem that can cause complications, such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, dementia, and death from cardiovascular disease. Patients need a support system in managing their disease. One way to control blood pressure and prevent hypertension complications is to improve self-management. Community involvement is integrated in the program to have a social support system in carrying out self-management. The aim of this community service is to improve self-management and blood pressure control in hypertension sufferers. Method of Activity: Implementation of the Pillar-Based Interactive 3D Diorama (Dio-3D IBP) was carried out on 20 hypertensive respondents who had previously undergone examinations at the Surabaya regional health center. The community service lasted for four weeks in RW 07, Kapasan Village, Simokerto District, Surabaya. The activity stages are initial survey, implementation, education, mentoring and evaluation. Self management was measured using the Hypertension Self Management Behavior Questionnaire and blood pressure control was measured using a sphygmomanometer. Community service results are assessed by analyzing data using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test statistical test. Results: This community service can change people's behavior regarding self-management and blood pressure control. The results of the Wilcoxcon test are self-management p=0.001 and improvement in blood pressure with systole and diastole values p=0.00. Discussion: Implementation of a Pillar-Based Interactive 3D Diorama (Dio-3D IBP) can improve self-management and blood pressure control in hypertension sufferers. Health care workers should participate in health education programs to meet community needs and improve compliance with their treatment regimens.
OPTIMALISASI HEALTH LITERACY MELALUI BERMAIN PADA PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT ANAK PRA SEKOLAH
Authors: Rukmini Rukmini , Ramadhani Dwi Yuniar , Mamesah Marline Merke , Syaiful Yuanita
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Aim: The level of children's health is related to health problems about infection factors. Health efforts are carried out in the form of promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative, in the form of Clean and Healthy Behavior (Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat, PHBS). The aim was to improve PHBS skills in children: Washing hands in 6 steps and sorting and disposing of waste properly. Implementation Method: The activity was held in January - February 2024 at PAUD Kuncup Melati RW 07, Kapasan, Simokerto, Surabaya for 33 pre-school age students. The initial survey has formulated problems and solutions in the form of efforts to prevent disease in early childhood with PHBS through health literacy using the train-playing method. Arranging permits, determining the location and target participants, socializing the original activities, and preparing the media. Method of Activity: There was a Health station which consisted of station 1: Hand Washing Movement and Song and the next station was to dispose of rubbish properly in the Hygiene Box. Evaluation has been done at the 4th meeting and at the same time rewards in the form of healthy, nutritious snacks. Results: Participation through play-based health literacy has been shown to increase young children's ability to participate in PHBS activities. namely washing their hands in 6 steps correctly, which initially 100% of students were not able to do correctly to 84.8% of students who were able to do it correctly. Discussion: Health Literacy using the play method can increase PAUD students' understanding and ability to carry out Clean and Healthy Living Behaviors, namely washing their hands in 6 steps correctly and being able to sort and dispose of waste in the correct place. PHBS that can be done early and continuously will become a good habit for children.
OPTIMALISASI PENDAMPINGAN SENAM HIPERTENSI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN KENAIKAN TEKANAN DARAH PASIEN HIPERTENSI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KRATONAN KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Noorratri Erika Dewi , Ardhiani Nurul Devi , Sari Irma Mustika
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Aim: Hypertension is a very dangerous non-communicable disease. This is because hypertension sufferers do not find any typical symptoms as a warning, this is what is usually called the silent killer. There are several treatments used to reduce blood pressure in hypertension sufferers, one of which is hypertension exercise. Hypertension exercise is one of the sports and one of the therapies used for hypertension sufferers, which is a non-pharmacological therapy. The aim of this service is that residents can independently practice hypertension exercises. Method of Activity: namely measuring blood pressure and hypertension exercises carried out in March 2024 with a total of 12 people in approximately 2 hours. Blood pressure is measured in hypertensive patients before and after carrying out hypertension exercises Results: There was an average change in blood pressure of 4.27% in systole and 6.32% in diastole in hypertensive patients in the working area of ​​the Kratonan Health Center, Surakarta City. Discussion: Elderly people experienced a decrease in blood pressure after doing hypertension exercises. Hypertension exercise is one method used to prevent an increase in blood pressure. This method is a non-pharmacological treatment. Hypertension exercises can be done easily using SOPs or existing methods. Hypertension exercises are easy to do and don't require a lot of money.
A Review of Constitutive Models for an FEA-based Monopile Design
Authors: Kaltekis K , Whyte S , Vahdatirad M J , Abyaneh S , Burbury D , Mclean R , Francis M , Hilton J , Berberic S
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a review of six soil constitutive models typically used for monopile design, covering a range of predictive capability and complexity, from basic single-surface to advanced multi-surface models. The formulations considered include three effective stress models (Mohr Coulomb, HSsmall and NorSand), and three total stress models (Tresca, NGI-ADP and PIMS). A high-level review of model suitability for monopile design is initially presented followed by a comprehensive investigation of key monopile design states including natural frequency analysis (NFA), ultimate (ULS), serviceability (SLS) and fatigue limit states (FLS) utilising SRCs and soil damping values derived from monotonic 3D FEA. The study highlights the importance of careful constitutive model selection and adopted calibration for the 3D FEA and their impact on the structural monopile design and overall monopile weight.
Suction Caisson Installation – Ground Risk Mitigation Planning
Authors: Hamdan N , Grace D , MacBeath M , Joseph T , Jones L
Published: June 2024

The design of suction caissons for offshore wind farms (OWF) is an iterative process. The final foundation geometry is determined through an iterative process considering the in-place design and the ability to install the caissons to their target penetrations. Small variations in soil conditions and layering affects the installation process. Suction caisson design requires careful consideration of various aspects: in-place capacity, soil conditions (strength - layering), installability, rock head clearance from caisson tip, seabed slope, selfweight penetration and tilt during self-weight penetration. This paper presents various ground risk mitigation assessments that can be used during the planning stage of an OWF to address potential ground conditions risks. The paper describes several methods for mitigating these risks such as acquiring additional soil data, trial installations, design refinement, developing an under-drive concept, developing a micro-siting concept, utilising temporary ballast, deploying permanent ballast, and other methods. Such mitigations aim to reduce the installation risk to as low as reasonably practicable and ensure successful installation.
Mitigation of Suction Caisson Installation Refusal by Two-Way Cycling – Part I
Authors: Joseph T , Mallikarachchi H , Gütz P , Hamdan N , Powell T , Jones L
Published: June 2024

The suction caisson has been identified as a viable foundation option to jacket-supported offshore wind turbines. This is especially the case in situations where there is shallow but strong bedrock, and too deep to consider a drilled pile solution as an economic option. Over the last few years, significant advances in the design and understanding of suction caissons have been developed. However, much less has been done on reducing the installation risk. This paper outlines an investigation into the use of two-way pressure cycling during installation as a means of diminishing this risk by reducing the soil resistance, thereby reducing the required suction pressure for penetration. In this Part I, of a four-part companion paper series, a proposed empirical method will be introduced which derives the reduced resistance observed during pressure cycling and demonstrates the effects during the application of this method in the field. The benefits of using this method to reduce the required suction during installation and increase the likelihood of achieving the target penetration will also be shown. There remain uncertainties associated with this method and as more work is done to improve the current understanding, these uncertainties will continue to be reduced.
Drained Cyclic Response of Circular Plate Anchors in Dense Sand
Authors: Kurniadi R , Roy A , Chow S H , Cassidy M J
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the performance of circular plate anchors under vertical cyclic loads in dense sand. A numerical analysis implementing SANISAND-MS constitutive model is employed to capture the accumulated displacement under cyclic loading. The variation in mean load, cyclic load amplitude and number of cycles has been considered in this study. The numerical results are compared against corresponding centrifuge experiments. The comparison has revealed suitable modification on SANISAND-MS constitutive parameters (soil stiffness and dilatancy) is required to model the accumulated displacement of sand under vertical cyclic loads. Using the modified parameters, the numerical model can sufficiently capture the trend of varying cyclic load characteristics (mean load, cyclic load amplitude and number of cycles) on the accumulated displacement. However, the study also shows that the model is unable to satisfactorily capture the monotonic part of accumulated displacement prior to cyclic loading.
In-situ testing in trench backfill: Evidence of evolving backfill density
Authors: Powell T , White D J , Alvarez-Borges F , Fearn M
Published: June 2024

The process of constructing and backfilling a seabed trench disturbs the soil. The properties of this disturbed soil and their variation with time are important for the design of pipelines and cables. Recent research has examined the properties of trenched and backfilled soils via laboratory testing, but limited field data exists to corroborate that work. This paper introduces a new dataset of in situ CPT testing to investigate trench backfill properties, from two project locations in the North Sea. At each site a series of CPTs have been conducted within backfill soil as well as adjacent virgin seabed, at a range of periods after the trenching process. The data are supplemented by laboratory test results. Conversion of the CPT data into estimates of relative density indicates that the initial backfill density is very low but rises back towards the very dense virgin conditions within a year, for these sites. The factors that control this behaviour are discussed, as well as the implications for upheaval buckling (UHB) design of pipelines.
Multidirectional Cyclic Simple Shear Testing of an Overconsolidated Glacial Till
Authors: Qiu Z , Byrne B W , Martin C M
Published: June 2024

Offshore wind turbine (OWT) foundations are subjected to millions of complex cyclic loads over their design life. This includes loads induced by wind, waves, and turbine operation. Several studies have investigated these cyclic loads as unidirectional and at high constant amplitudes, but this is not representative of the type of loads experienced by an OWT, which are generally random and multidirectional. This work investigates these loads at soil element level using a multidirectional direct simple shear apparatus. The material investigated is a stiff, low plasticity, highly overconsolidated glacial till, a type of soil commonly encountered in the North Sea. The experiments are used to identify key factors affecting the soil's response to multidirectional cyclic loading. The results show cyclic behaviour that is consistent with previous studies and provide a basis for better interpretation of complex cyclic loads, leading to improved OWT foundation designs.
Ground Model Review From Downhole Surveys of Rock Sockets at St Brieuc Offshore Windfarm
Authors: Bertossa A , Tam C , Geear J , Hart A , McLean R , Pitel J
Published: June 2024

The Saint-Brieuc windfarm will be composed of 62 wind turbines with a total capacity of 496 Megawatts. It will be spread over an area of 75 km2 off the northern coast of Brittany within the Armoricain Massif. The adopted foundation solution consists of jacket substructures supported by drilled and grouted steel tubular piles. The design basis was defined from a ground model integration of extensive survey data dedicated to understanding the bedrock lithology, degree of weathering and rock mechanical conditions. This paper describes the ground model review assessments undertaken during the pile installation phase that were useful for the validation the site ground model and foundation design substantiation. These were based on survey data acquired via a downhole camera inside drilled rock sockets together with the geological logging and classification testing of the drill cuttings. The surveys allowed for an unprecedented visual inspection of the insitu rock mass conditions over the socket length prior to piling installation. The descriptions and methods presented here are considered of interest to similar industry projects using boring methods offshore.
Metamodelling to Emulate Plate Anchor Response in Spatially Variable Soil
Authors: Mentani A , Govoni L , Gaudin C , Watson P G , Tian Y
Published: June 2024

This paper describes a metamodelling approach to investigate the behaviour of a plate anchor in spatially variable soil. The approach explores the effect of variability in undrained shear strength on the monotonic holding capacity. The problem is firstly analysed through a selected number of two-dimensional finite element (FE) analyses. As this is computationally expensive, relatively few analyses are performed, with the metamodel developed to map the response over a wider range of parameters. This uses mathematical operators calibrated to emulate the FE models, which can be built on a relatively small data set, with the overall objective to retain the accuracy of the original FE model at negligible computational cost. In future, this approach may support design by considering uncertainties that are common for any offshore foundation problem, providing a tool that can be easily coupled with traditional probabilistic design approaches.
Sensitivity of 3D FE Monopile Pushover Analyses to Natural Variance Observed in Ground Characterisation
Authors: Tantivangphaisal P , Taborda D M G , Kontoe S
Published: June 2024

The PIle Soil Analysis (PISA) project recommends a design model using aggregated finite-element numerical analyses to design laterally loaded low L/D monopiles in marine sand. However, uncertainty arising from other key parts of the geotechnical design workflow, namely ground characterisation, choice of constitutive model and model calibration have not yet been investigated. These aspects are critical in quantifying design risks. This paper revisits the PISA monotonic tests in Dunkirk sand and investigates how variance from ground characterisation can propagate forward in a quantified manner. Bayesian regression is used to calibrate a state parameter-based constitutive model, resulting in parameter probability distributions. Monte Carlo simulations then quantify the uncertainty propagation from model calibration to pushover prediction. A quantifiable uncertainty range is then provided for the design. Finally, a Bayesian back analysis procedure using data from full-scale field tests is outlined so that uncertainty can be further narrowed.
The Effect of Two-Way Pressure Cyclic Installation on the Tensile Capacity of Suction Caissons in Sand - Part III
Authors: O’loughlin C , Lehane B M , Mani S , Bienen B , Hamden N , Powell T
Published: June 2024

Suction caissons are being increasingly considered as foundations for offshore wind turbine jacket structures. Suction caissons are installed through self-weight and application of under pressure, achieved by pumping water from the caisson interior. However, in some instances alternative installation strategies need to be considered to ensure complete installation. This paper considers one such strategy, in which two-way pressure cycling is applied in an attempt to promote penetration. The response of suction caissons to two-way pressure cycling in sand was investigated through a series of model scale tests conducted in a geotechnical centrifuge in medium dense and dense silica sand samples. Two-way pressure cycling led to a small but discernible reduction in the required suction pressure over the last 30% of skirt embedment. Pressure cycling had a negligible effect on the short term vented capacity in medium dense sand but caused a reduction of approximately 20% in dense sand. Allowing a time interval of a day or more between installation and extraction increased the vented tensile capacity for tests in both samples involving monotonic installation. For the tests involving pressure cycling, the vented tensile capacity increased by 11% after approximately 1 day and by 34% after 4 days for the tests in the dense sample, whereas there was negligible change in vented tensile capacity after about a day for the tests in the medium dense sample.
Advanced Broadband Processing of UHRS Data to Enhance Seismic Interpretation - Insights From a Baltic Sea Offshore Windfarm
Authors: Cox P , Ward R , Hulks G , Mauritzen E K , Fog A , Salaün G , Sałek P
Published: June 2024

Ultra-high resolution (UHR) seismic data can be acquired using a variety of survey designs and is an essential tool for the efficient and non-intrusive mapping of the subsurface which is required to build accurate ground models at offshore windfarm sites. While it has the potential to return highly detailed images of the subsurface, it must be optimally processed - taking into account the specifics of the acquisition design and the subsequent impact this has on the recorded wavefield - in order to successfully extract the maximum resolution possible. Key to this optimisation is the careful processing of the source wavelet and the broadening of the amplitude spectra to achieve a temporally short seismic signature free from the artefacts of acquisition. This paper demonstrates the broadband potential of four different seismic datasets from a Baltic Sea offshore windfarm.
A Snapshot of the Offshore Geotechnical Engineering Profession
Authors: Page A , Watson P , Pisanò F , van Dijk B , Stuyts B , Parra J , Engin H K
Published: June 2024

The ISSMGE introduced the Time Capsule Project in order to 'create and sustain a conversation about the past, present and future of geotechnical engineering'. Contributions were welcomed from all sectors of the Society, including the Technical Committees. As part of its response, TC209 undertook a global survey to investigate current perceptions and future trends in offshore geotechnics - with survey questions grouped under the headings of 'Technology', 'The Geotechnical Engineer of the Future' and 'New Markets'. 140 responses were received, many with written contributions. This paper summarises the findings of the survey, identifying both global trends and those based on either the experience or role of individual responder. TC209 plans to repeat this survey at regular intervals in the future, allowing trends to be identified over time.
Identifying Top Bedrock and Geotechnical Zonation for Cable Route Surveys: A Case Study From Eastern Link 1 Marine Survey
Authors: BLoore C , Rice S
Published: June 2024

On behalf of National Grid, Fugro carried out the Eastern Link 1 Marine Survey, a 176 km HVDC offshore cable route from Torness (southern Scotland) to Hawthorn Pit (north-east England). The survey comprised of landfall sections, nearshore and offshore geophysical data acquisition as well as environmental and geotechnical sampling campaigns. An integrated approach was crucial in developing cable geotechnical zones along the route; understanding the upper 5 m of geology; determining depth of 'top bedrock' for input to cable burial risk assessment and selection of appropriate cable installation tools. This paper presents two key learnings: 1) both shallow (AUV, HMC and Innomar) and deep sub-bottom profilers (boomer / sparker) are required to truly understand the sub-surface; 2) the success of early integration between geotechnical and geophysical data resulted in minimal reworking for the cable geotechnical zonation. This integrated approach cut reporting time, reduced depth uncertainty of top bedrock by up to 4 m and developed a geotechnical model which could be used by cable engineers in a highly complicated geological region. Both early integration of data and appropriate selection of sensors have the potential to reduce uncertainty and project timescales and reduce the cost of cable installation.
A Novel Plastic Foundation Type for Tolerably Mobile Structures
Authors: Powell T , Panayides S
Published: June 2024

The use of performance-based design including the Tolerable Mobile Foundation concept has become increasingly common in recent years both for deep-water and continental shelf applications. Maximising the benefit of the seabed for foundation stability is critical to efficient foundation design to minimise mudmat dimensions and on-bottom structure weight, which in turn reduces the carbon footprint of the installation. This patented innovation serves to improve mudmat foundation efficiency by adding a polymeric sole between the mudmat and seabed interface. This polymeric sole which defines the soil-engaging face comprises at least one or an array of elongated grooves. The paper focuses on the development process including scale field and laboratory testing carried out to validate the concept. It then discusses the differences in interface friction angles that can be achieved in the longitudinal and transverse axes, and therefore how increased control of sliding and bearing conditions can be exercised. The paper concludes with a numerical example showcasing the benefits of this novel foundation comparing to traditional foundations.
Capturing Uncertainty in Quantitative Ground Models
Authors: Vardy M , Sauvin G , Klinkvort R T , Vanneste M , Kort A , Forsberg C F
Published: June 2024

Geotechnical and geophysical observations are the pillars upon which marine site survey ground models are built. Ideally, such models would accurately capture the distribution of physical properties within the subsurface such that the design and installation phases for offshore engineering projects can be completed safely and efficiently. To this end, there has been significant interest in leveraging quantitative information from both data types, allowing for a more effective integration. Critical in this process is capturing the evolution of prediction uncertainties, both in the final model and at intermediate stages. We present a fully integrated, quantitative ground model for the Ten noorden van de Waddeneilanden Wind Farm Zone in the southern North Sea. Ultra-high frequency seismic, CPT and borehole data were integrated using a stochastic workflow to capture and propagate uncertainties originating from each input and processing step. The final ground model includes synthetic CPT predictions across the wind farm area (including uncertainties), from which engineering design parameters were estimated.
Driven pile behaviour in low-to-medium density chalk: the ALPACA JIP outcomes
Authors: Jardine R , Liu T , Kontoe S , Schranze F , Buckley R M , Byrne B W , McAdam R A , Vinck K
Published: June 2024

Offshore pile design presents multiple challenges in low-to-medium density chalks, whose sensitivity and brittleness often leads to very low driving resistances. Also, existing design rules have proved unable to give reliable predictions for axial and lateral resistances under offshore field loading conditions. This paper summarises how the ALPACA and ALPACA Plus Joint Industry Projects (JIPs) addressed the current lack of knowledge through comprehensive field, laboratory and theoretical research. Axial and lateral field tests were conducted, under dynamic, cyclic and monotonic conditions, on 43 piles with diameters between 139mm and 1.8m, made with a range of materials, wall thicknesses and tip conditions, driven to depths between 3 and 18m. Over 100 tests were completed, after ageing for up to 400 days. Most test piles were instrumented with robust fibre-optic strain gauge systems. The experiments were supported by intensive in-situ and laboratory stress-path and cyclic testing. New monotonic and cyclic axial design methods developed for the JIP represent field behaviour far better than existing approaches. Important new observations were also made regarding pile behaviour under cyclic lateral loading, while the monotonic lateral pile tests were interpreted to generate 'p-y' load reaction curves and test more advanced 3-D FE approaches, developed through parallel research.