bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Will I Be Remembered? Conserving the Environment for the Sake of One’s Legacy
Authors: Zaval Lisa , Markowitz Ezra M. , Weber Elke U.
Published: January 2015

Long time horizons and social distance are viewed as key psychological barriers to proenvironmental action, particularly regarding climate change. We suggest that these challenges can be turned into opportunities by making salient long-term goals and motives, thus shifting preferences between the present self and future others. We tested whether individuals’ motivation to leave a positive legacy can be leveraged to increase engagement with climate change and other environmental problems. In a pilot study, we found that individual differences in legacy motivation were positively associated with proenvironmental behaviors and intentions. In a subsequent experiment, we demonstrated that priming legacy motives increased donations to an environmental charity, proenvironmental intentions, and climate-change beliefs. Domain-general legacy motives represent a previously understudied and powerful mechanism for promoting proenvironmental behavior.
Umar Marvi and the Representation of Sindh: Cinema and Modernity in the Margins
Authors: Levesque Julien , Bui Camille
Published: January 2015

Umar Marvi, the first Sindhi feature film made in Pakistan, was released in 1956, in the context of the One Unit, when the merger of West Pakistan’s provinces pushed Sindhi intellectuals, students, and politicians to assert themselves in defense of their language and culture. By depicting the story of a famous folk heroine heralded as a patriotic figure by Sindh’s most prominent nationalist leader, we contend that Umar Marvi contributed to the construction of a modern national imaginary for Sindhis in post-Partition Pakistan. This imaginary rests on a narrative that conceives Sindhis as a peaceful and syncretic folk culture continuously occupying the mythicized land of the Indus. We show that Umar Marvi takes part in this narrative by portraying a certain image of an idealized community and by representing a fixed, folklorized heritage while attempting to master cinema as the medium of modernity.
The Italian Version of the Career Factors Inventory
Authors: Lo Presti Alessandro , Pace Francesco , Cascio Valentina Lo , Capuano Monica
Published: January 2015

This study attempted to examine the validity of the Italian version of the Career Factors Inventory (CFI), a psychometric tool widely used in the assessment of cognitive and personal–emotional dimensions of career indecision, among a sample of 2,060 Italian students attending high school and university. Recurring to both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the original four-factor structure was confirmed and returned, in line with the literature, satisfactory reliability indices; moreover, CFI subscales showed intercorrelations consistent with previous studies, albeit lower in some cases. Subsequently, convergent validity between the four CFI subscales and other scales via zero-order correlation was tested, confirming previous evidence except for need for career information. In conclusion, consistent with previous studies, the Italian version of the CFI showed to be a valid and reliable instrument for the evaluation of dimensions of career indecision.
Community-Level Engagement in Public Housing Redevelopment
Authors: Walker Laurie A.
Published: January 2015

Community-level engagement of public housing residents and their neighbors may help prepare them for the redevelopment of their neighborhood. The mixed-methods design included a resident survey ( n = 386) and in-depth resident interviews ( n = 25). Readiness for transit-oriented mixed-income redevelopment (TOMIR) was predicted by neighbor cohesion, organizational collective efficacy, and possessing a transition and/or relocation plan. Resident involvement in local neighborhood organizations was predicted by awareness of neighborhood problems and involvement in activism. As involvement in neighborhood organizations goes up, readiness for TOMIR also goes up. The study structural equation model had adequate model fit (comparative fit index [CFI] = .90, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .02, Tucker–Lewis index [TLI] = .90). The study developed three new measures that can be used in TOMIR contexts with existing community engagement measures. The study adds to the evidence base for community-level interventions preparing public housing residents for the redevelopment.
Peeling Lead Paint Turns Into Poisonous Dust. Guess Where It Ends Up? A Media Campaign to Prevent Childhood Lead Poisoning in New York City
Authors: Greene Danielle , Tehranifar Parisa , DeMartini Diana P. , Faciano Andrew , Nagin Deborah
Published: January 2015

Successful public health media campaigns promote messages, increase awareness, engage the public, and encourage behavior change. Between 2004 and 2006, the Lead Poisoning Prevention Program of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene conducted a media campaign grounded in social learning theory and the social marketing model to increase parents’ awareness of childhood lead poisoning, ways to protect their children, and property owners’ legal responsibility to fix peeling lead paint safely, and increase awareness of regulatory changes and encourage enforcement of New York City’s Local Law 1 of 2004. Campaign materials were focus group tested and the campaign was refined annually. The campaign ran city-wide and in targeted high-risk neighborhoods. Neighborhoods and media venue (bus, train, kiosk, and store) changed annually, based on population risk factors and venue availability. Exposure to the campaign, campaign-related knowledge, and behavior were assessed using pre- and postcampaign street intercept surveys. Results showed that campaign reached the targeted population, and had an impact on knowledge of lead poisoning prevention measures as evidenced by increased knowledge of lead paint exposures sources in one year and increased knowledge of preventive behaviors in another year; these improvements were observed for both genders and most ethnic, primary language, educational attainment, and age groups in each year. Lessons learned indicate that well-targeted media campaigns, designed with audience participation, can reach parents through various venues, and improve key knowledge areas. Evaluation challenges faced include high levels of knowledge at baseline, competing media messages, and balancing between program needs and evaluation design.
Are Public Sector Jobs Recession-proof? Were They Ever?
Authors: Kopelman Jason L. , Rosen Harvey S.
Published: January 2015

We use data from the Displaced Worker Surveys from 1984 to 2012 to investigate the differences in job loss rates between workers in the public and private sectors. Our focus is on how recessions affect the differential between job loss rates in the two sectors. We find that even after accounting for worker characteristics, the probability of job loss is higher for private sector workers than for public sector workers at all levels of government. The advantage of public sector employment in terms of job loss rates generally increases during recessions for all groups of public sector workers. Thus, the answer to the question posed in the title is that public sector jobs, while not generally recession-proof, do offer more security than private sector jobs, and the advantage widens during recessions. These patterns are present across genders, races, and educational groups.
Differences in the Molecular Species of CA125 Across the Phases of the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: McLemore Monica R. , Miaskowski Christine , Lee Kathryn , Chen Lee-may , Aouizerat Bradley E.
Published: January 2015

Background:

CA125, a tumor-associated antigen, is primarily used to monitor epithelial ovarian cancer. There is evidence that different species of CA125 exist; however, it is not known if any of these species are present in healthy women during the menstrual cycle and if they are associated with serum concentrations of CA125. The purpose of this study was to determine if the molecular species of CA125 differ across the three phases of the menstrual cycle in healthy women.

Methods:

Healthy, Caucasian women between the ages of 18 and 39 were enrolled using strict criteria to exclude factors known to contribute to CA125 fluctuations. Menstrual cycle regularity was determined using calendars maintained by participants for 3 months. After cycle regularity was established, blood was drawn at three time points for Western blot analysis.

Results:

Western blot analysis yielded 17 distinct profiles (i.e., patterns of species) of CA125, with 80% of the sample exhibiting 5 common profiles. No differences in demographic characteristics and serum CA125 values were found among the various CA125 profiles.

Conclusions:

Different molecular species of CA125 exist in healthy women with regular menstrual cycles. These data provide evidence that CA125 is not a homogeneous molecular species. Future research should evaluate the molecular composition and the clinical importance of these species.
Attitudes of the Hong Kong Chinese public towards sex offending policies: The role of stereotypical views of sex offenders
Authors: Chui Wing Hong , Cheng Kevin Kwok-yin , Yoke-chan Ong Rebecca
Published: January 2015

The Hong Kong government recently introduced a sex offender registry that gives the public access to records of sexual offence conviction. This step was taken in the context of a penal system that traditionally places a high value on rehabilitation and a culture that traditionally supports rape myths. This study explores public attitudes among the Hong Kong Chinese towards a variety of sex offending policies and the variables, particularly stereotypical views of offenders, which may influence them. Overall, support was expressed for policies that sought to manage the risk posed by sex offenders. This shift is explained by the emergence of a fear of sex offenders as Hong Kong tries to maintain its reputation for good social order amid social and political change, and a new emphasis on sex crimes as a danger to the most vulnerable members of society, namely children.
Book review: Tamara, J. and Sargeson, S., editors. 2011: Women, Gender and Rural Development in China
Authors: Mntambo Betty
Published: January 2015

Tamara, J. and Sargeson, S., editors. 2011: Women, Gender and Rural Development in China. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. xi + 271 pp. £74.70 hardback, £20.80 paperback. ISBN: 9781848446823 (hardback), 9781781000458 (paperback).
The Persistence of Highly Restrictive Special Education Placements for Students With Low-Incidence Disabilities
Authors: Kurth Jennifer A. , Morningstar Mary E. , Kozleski Elizabeth B.
Published: January 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) data that states and U.S. territories report from the Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) and discuss the status of the most restrictive special education placement settings for students with disabilities. In this analysis, we found that (a) states do not set rigorous improvement goals to reduce restrictive placements, (b) the percentage of students with disabilities placed in restrictive placements have remained essentially unchanged over the past decade, and (c) students with low-incidence (severe) disabilities are disproportionally placed in restrictive placements. These results suggest that segregated educational experiences continue for thousands of students with disabilities in spite of evidence that shows that opportunities to learn and develop are enhanced in more inclusive educational settings.
Anodal tDCS Combined With Radial Nerve Stimulation Promotes Hand Motor Recovery in the Acute Phase After Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Sattler Virginie , Acket Blandine , Raposo Nicolas , Albucher Jean-François , Thalamas Claire , Loubinoux Isabelle , Chollet François , Simonetta-Moreau Marion
Published: January 2015

Background and Objective. The question of the best therapeutic window in which noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) could potentiate the plastic changes for motor recovery after a stroke is still unresolved. Most of the previous NIBS studies included patients in the chronic phase of recovery and very few in the subacute or acute phase. We investigated the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with repetitive peripheral nerve stimulation (rPNS) on the time course of motor recovery in the acute phase after a stroke. Methods. Twenty patients enrolled within the first few days after a stroke were randomized in 2 parallel groups: one receiving 5 consecutive daily sessions of anodal tDCS over the ipsilesional motor cortex in association with rPNS and the other receiving the same rPNS combined with sham tDCS. Motor performance (primary endpoint: Jebsen and Taylor Hand Function Test [JHFT]) and transcranial magnetic stimulation cortical excitability measures were obtained at baseline (D1), at the end of the treatment (D5), and at 2 and 4 weeks’ follow-up (D15 and D30). Results. The time course of motor recovery of the 2 groups of patients was different and positively influenced by the intervention (Group × Time interaction P = .01). The amount of improvement on the JHFT was greater at D15 and D30 in the anodal tDCS group than in the sham group. Conclusion. These results show that early cortical neuromodulation with anodal tDCS combined with rPNS can promote motor hand recovery and that the benefit is still present 1 month after the stroke.
The ghost of Nora Batty: A qualitative exploration of the impact of footwear, bandaging and hosiery interventions in chronic wound care
Authors: Madden Mary
Published: January 2015

Objective

To explore the impact of footwear, bandaging and hosiery interventions in the everyday lives of women and men undergoing treatment for chronic, complex wounds in a city in England, UK.

Methods

This study draws on data generated in semi-structured interviews with patients exploring outcomes and impacts of undergoing treatment for leg and foot ulcers undertaken as part of a UK National Institute for Health Research funded study. Footwear, bandaging and hosiery are explored here as aspects of material culture, not only in functional terms as a treatment supporting or hindering healing but also as part of the means by which people receiving treatment for two of the most common complex, chronic wounds, leg ulcers and foot ulcers, negotiate and understand their embodied selves in everyday life.

Findings

Physical and social discomfort associated with interventions can lead to ambivalence about effectiveness. Not being able to dress appropriately impacts on the ability of people to feel comfortable and take part in special occasions and everyday events. In this context, the removal of bandaging or refusal to wear support hosiery which may be viewed as ‘non-compliance’ by a health professional may feel like a strategy of self-care or self-preservation from a patient perspective.

Discussion

The study of material culture explores how inanimate objects work and how they are worked with in carrying out social functions, regulating social relations and giving symbolic meaning to human activity. The interviews show some of the ways in which footwear, hosiery and bandaging play a role in controlling the boundaries between the private (wounded and potentially socially unacceptable smelly, leaky, embodied), self and the public presentation of self.
Chronic aortic root pressure-loading assessment model
Authors: Rakow Nancy , Barka Noah , Gerhart Renee , Grassl Erin , Green Michael , Rothstein Paul , Schu Carl , Kopcak Michael , Shecterle Linda M. , St.Cyr John A.
Published: January 2015

Purpose:

Percutaneous placement of transcatheter prosthetic aortic valves without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) continues to gain clinical acceptance. However, information on pressure-loading characteristics of the aortic root/annular areas is limited. For this reason, we designed a preclinical model, implanting an aortic root load transducer with a power source/telemetry system for chronic, conscious, loading data acquisition. This research study was conducted to determine whether an animal model could accurately measure in vivo loading.

Methods:

Preoperatively, echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging were used to determine both aortic annular and sinotubular junction dimensions, as well as ascending aortic length. Six adult sheep were placed on CPB, aortic root and ascending aorta were skeletonized and the origins of both coronary ostia were identified. Cardiac arrest with myocardial protection with cold coronary blood cardioplegia was instituted. A properly sized aortic root load-sensing device, consisting of a transcatheter aortic valve with a ring load transducer was implanted via a left apical ventriculotomy. Verification of position was determined before closure of the ventriculotomy. Each animal was weaned from CPB, and closed in routine fashion with the power source of the device placed in a subcutaneous pocket.

Results:

There were no operative deaths or significant postoperative complications. Serial pressure-load sensing assessments in a conscious state produced reproducible proprietary data.

Conclusions:

This animal model allowed successful serial pressure-load sensing assessment of the aortic root/annular areas, providing a better physiological understanding of these anatomical inter-relationships. This added information could aid in future device designs with potential improved clinical outcomes.
Angiotensin II receptor blockade and skeletal muscle metabolism in overweight and obese adults with elevated blood pressure
Authors: Boutagy Nabil E. , Marinik Elaina L. , McMillan Ryan P. , Anderson Angela S. , Frisard Madlyn I. , Davy Brenda M. , Rivero Jose M. , Davy Kevin P. , Hulver Matthew W.
Published: January 2015

Objectives:

Whether angiotensin II receptor blockade improves skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation in overweight and obese humans is unknown. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that the angiotensin II receptor blocker, olmesartan, would increase fatty acid oxidation and the activity of enzymes associated with oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle of overweight and obese humans.

Methods:

A total of 12 individuals (6 men and 6 women) aged 18–75 and with a body mass index ⩾25 kg/m2 were assigned to olmesartan or placebo for 8 weeks in a crossover fashion. Fatty acid oxidation was measured before and after each intervention by counting the 14CO2 produced from [1-14C] palmitic acid in skeletal muscle homogenates.

Results:

Fatty acid oxidation was not significantly different between treatment periods at baseline and post intervention. In addition, the enzyme activities of citrate synthase and β-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase in skeletal muscle homogenates did not differ between treatment periods at baseline or post intervention.

Conclusions:

Treatment with olmesartan for 8 weeks does not improve fatty acid oxidation or the activity of enzymes associated with oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle from overweight and obese individuals. Taken together, our results indicate that improvements in skeletal muscle metabolism are not among the additional benefits of olmesartan that extend beyond blood pressure reduction.
Development of force measurement system of bobsled for practice of push-off phase
Authors: Lee Sangcheol , Kim Taewhan , Lee Seungmin , Kil Sekee , Hong Seungbun
Published: January 2015

A force measurement system for the push bar and handle of a bobsled was developed to analyse the forces exerted by members of a two-person bobsled crew. The developed system comprised eight load cells, an encoder, four cameras, and a data acquisition device and was installed on a test sled. Two load cells were installed in each of the brakeman’s push handle and the driver’s side push bar, and two load cells were located on each of the right and left ends of the push bar. The operator could adjust the sampling rate of each load cell from 50 to 200 samples/s. The motion of the crew member was recorded with the four cameras. The sled speed was recorded along with the force data. For convenient monitoring and analysis of the measured data, the four camera images were merged into a single video image, and the force data were plotted on this merged image. This image contained all of the measured data and was transmitted wirelessly to a monitor at a remote site in real time. The data measurement software was developed using LabVIEW, and the force and speed of the sled were recorded as a technical data management streaming file. The images were recorded as Audio Video Interleaved files. The technical data management streaming file was automatically converted into an Excel file when the measurement stopped. The vector components of the forces exerted by crew members were measured using this system. The data were used to analyse the exerted force with the aim of increasing the starting speed of the Korean bobsled crew.
Ankle Arthrodesis After Failed Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Gross Christopher , Erickson Brandon J. , Adams Samuel B. , Parekh Selene G.
Published: January 2015

Purpose: As the number of total ankle replacements (TARs) performed has risen, so has the need for revision. The purpose of this investigation was to perform a systematic review of clinical outcomes following a salvage ankle arthrodesis from a failed TAR to identify patient- and technique-specific prognostic factors and to determine the clinical outcomes and complications following an ankle arthrodesis for a failed TAR. Methods: We searched PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies that analyzed ankle fusion after failed TAR with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Results: We included 16 studies (193 patients). The majority of patients (41%) underwent the index TAR for rheumatoid arthritis. The majority of these revision surgeries were secondary to component loosening, frequently of the talar component (38%). In the cases that were revised to an ankle arthrodesis, 81% fused after their first arthrodesis procedure. The intercalary bone graft group and the blade plate group had the highest rate of fusion after the first attempt at fusion at 100%, whereas the tibiotalocalcaneal fusion with cage group had the lowest fusion rate at 50%. The overall complication rate was 18.2%, whereas the overall nonunion rate was 10.6%. Conclusion: A salvage ankle arthrodesis for a failed TAR results in favorable clinical end points and overall satisfaction at short-term follow-up if the patients achieve fusion. The bone graft fusion and blade plate group resulted in the highest first-attempt fusion rate, with a low complication rate. Future studies should include prospective, comparative control or surgical groups and use standardized outcome measurements that will make direct comparisons easier.

Levels: Level IV: Systematic Review of Level IV Studies
Trends in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the United States
Authors: Buller Leonard T. , Best Matthew J. , Baraga Michael G. , Kaplan Lee D.
Published: January 2015

Background:

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured ligament in the knee for which surgery is performed. United States national estimates of ACL reconstruction vary widely.

Purpose:

This study sought to use the most recently available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data to investigate changes in the utilization of inpatient and ambulatory surgery for ACL tears in the United States.

Study Design:

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods:

The National Survey of Ambulatory Surgery, conducted in 1994, 1995, 1996, and 2006 (data from 1994, 1996, and 2006 were used in the study), and the National Hospital Discharge Survey, conducted between 1990 and 2007, were used to identify cases of ACL reconstruction. The data were analyzed for trends in demographics, treatment, and utilization.

Results:

Between 1994 and 2006, the population-adjusted estimate of the rate of ACL reconstructions increased by 37% (33.0/100,000 capita or 86,837 total procedures to 45.1/100,000 capita or 134,421 total procedures). There was an increase in the proportion of females undergoing reconstruction in both the ambulatory (30% to 40%) and inpatient (29% to 47%) settings over the study period, with a 304% increase in the sex-adjusted estimate of the rate of female ambulatory procedures between 1994 and 2006. Age-adjusted estimates of the rates of ambulatory ACL reconstruction increased among all age groups, with a 924% increase in patients less than 15 years of age. Concurrent meniscectomy remained relatively constant in the ambulatory (37% to 40%) and inpatient (37% to 33%) settings between 1994 and 2007. Private insurance was the largest compensator, representing 77% of cases in 2006. Between 1994 and 2006, the use of peripheral nerve blocks during ambulatory surgery increased from 0.7% to 30.8%.

Conclusion:

The rate of ACL reconstruction increased dramatically between 1990 and 2007 based on the National Survey of Ambulatory Surgery and National Hospital Discharge Survey databases, which represents the most up-to-date publicly available data. Knowledge of this increase and national practice patterns may aid policy makers and surgeons in appropriately allocating health care resources to ensure quality patient care.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Arcuri Francisco , Barclay Fernando , Nacul Ivan
Published: January 2015

Introduction:

The most recent advances in ACL reconstruction try to reproduce the anatomic femoral and tibial footprints as close as possible. Creating independent tunnels would allow an optimal of the entry point and the femoral tunnel obliquity, and together with an adequate reamer diameter they wouldreproduce with greater certainty the anatomy.

Objective:

To compare the radiographic parameters of the femoral and tibial tunnel positions in two groups of patients, one operated with a transtibial and other with transportal anatomic techniques.

Materials and Methods:

From December 2012 to December 2013, 59 patients with a primary ACL reconstruction divided in two groups, a trans tibial technique (TT), 19 patients, and an transportal one (TP) with 40 patients were prospectively evaluated with AP and lateral X-rays. The femoral tunnel angle, the insertion site with respect of the Blumensaat line, the trans osseous distance, the tibial tunnel position as a percentage of the tibial plateau in the AP and lateral views. And finally the tibial tunnel angle in the AP and Lateral views.

Results:

The femoral tunnel angle was in the TP group of 45,92º and in the TT one 24,53º, p 0,002. The insertion site percentage of the Blumensaat line was of 20,96 in TP and 20,74 in the TT, p 0,681.Trans osseous distance was in the TP of 3,43 cm and in the TT of 4,79 cm, p <0,000. The tibial tunnel position as a percentage in the AP tibial plateau was of 44,35 in TP and of 40,80 TT with a p of 0,076. The tibial tunnel position as a percentage of the lateral tibial plateau was of 28,70 in TP and 34,53 in TT with a p 0,367. Tibial tunnel angle in the AP was of 73,48º in TP and 62,81 in TT with a p of 0,002, and in the lateral plateau of 114,69º in TP and 112,79º in TT with a p of 0,427.

Conclusion:

It is possible to create tibial and femoral tunnel in optimal positions but not equal between both groups. Creating independent tunnels allow a more anterior and vertical tibial tunnel allowing a better coverage of the tibial footprint. A transportal femoral tunnel would allow a better inclination angle and a lesser trans-osseous distance, technical details that would allow a better coverage of the femoral footprint.
High Tibial Valgus Osteotomy and Concomitant Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Which is the most appropriate surgical technique?
Authors: Paz Matías Costa , Deré Juan José , Yacuzzi Carlos Heraldo
Published: January 2015

Introduction:

The aim of this study is to evaluate advantages of close vs. open HTO of a group of patients who underwent a one-stage combined operation for chronic ACL rupture and early medial compartment arthritis.

Material and Methods:

We retrospective evaluated two series of patients operated on for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction combined with high tibial valgus osteotomy (HTO) for chronic anterior knee instability associated with medial tibio femoral osteoarthritis. Close HTO using rigid plate fixation and ACL reconstruction with bone patellar tendon bone graft was performed in Group A (7 patients). An open HTO using Puddu plate and ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon graft was performed in Group B (9 patients). The mean age in Group A was 41 years old with an average varus of 8 degrees. Mean age in Group B was 42 years old and with 4 degrees of varus. Lysholm Score, HSS and Radiographs were performed.

Results:

Group A obtained a mean Lysholm score of 94, mean HSS of 91. Group B showed a mean Lysholm score of 83, mean HSS of 87. The mean follow-up was 5 years in both groups. In all cases osteotomies consolidated.

Discussion:

Technically we found that open HTO with hamstrings had several advantages such as lower risk of peroneal nerve injury, use of one incision, no problems as regards graft length, possibility of fixing the graft in the proximal tibia, maintenance of tibial slope and preservation of bone stock. The Open HTO need of osseous graft, may produce patella baja and the risk of nonunion is higher. This technique is indicated for relaxed medial collateral ligament. As regards the Close HTO there may be possibilities of a peroneal nerve injury, it may decrease the tibial slope, patellar ascent, loss of bone, the need to disrupt either the fibula or proximal tibio-fibular joint and may generate instability in the posterolateral corner and the screws could compromise the tunnels path. The advantages are provision of bone to bone contact with excellent union rates and the potential for full early weight-bearing.

Conclusion:

In spite of these issues, both procedures relieved pain and restored knee stability and the choice will depend on each particular case.
ISAKOS Classification of Meniscal Tears. Intra and Interobserver Reliability.
Authors: Fresneda Mariano J. , Dere Juan J. , Yacuzzi Carlos H. , Paz Matías Costa
Published: January 2015

Objectives:

To analyze the intra and interobserverreliability of the International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine (ISAKOS) classification of meniscal tears.

Methods:

Thearthroscopic classification of meniscal lesions created by the ISAKOS was used. Thirty one arthroscopic videos, made between June and December 2013,with different meniscal tear characteristics were analyzedby three orthopedic surgeons (two specialists in knee surgery and a fellowship), twice at an interval of 30 days. The Kappa Coefficients (k) was used to assess the intraobserver reliability and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for interobserverreliability.

Results:

The averageintraobserver reliability was for the first observer 51%, the second 65% and the third 58%, reaching moderate agreement according to the Kappa coefficient used by Landis and Koch. Regarding interobserver reliability, good agreement (ICC = 0.71) was obtained as the intraclass correlation coefficient. The whole results were significantlystatical (p <0.05).

Conclusion:

While this classification provides a detailed description of meniscal lesions, the intraobserver reliability did not reach the optimum values obtained despite having on average a moderate agreement. However interobserver reliability results showed on average 70% of agreement (good agreement), which can affirm that the agreement and interobserver reliability is acceptable.
Anatomy and Function of the Glenoid Labrum
Authors: Carpio Diego Sánchez , Clarke Juan José , Torres Mauricio , Ortiz José , Simondi Néstor , Calantoni Miguel
Published: January 2015

Objectives:

Take into account two static factors (joint congruence and glenoid labrum) for later comparison with a variant, the resection of the labrum.

Methods:

We used 10 cadaveric shoulders injected with 10% formalin, we practice macroscopic dissection. Describing glenoid cavity with labrum its dimensions and depth, using digital caliber, then remove the labrum, is measured again the major axis of the articular cavity, depth, and the index with glenohumeral labrum and without the same.

Results:

: Glenoid cavity: 1.With labrum front-back max 32.78, min 26.09 . Upper- lower max 44.06 min 33.69. Depth max 8.70 min 6.27. 2.Without labrum axs (mm) Front-back max 28,62 min 22,29. Upper-lower max 39,35 min 39,54 Depth max 6.03 min 3,70. Proximal humerus: Head measures (average mm): Front-back max 45,98 min 38,05 upper-lower max 51,56 min 39,83. The results of our comparative study were found variations in the static elements,which were statistically significant for the depth of the glenoid cavity with and without labrum (p: 0,0152) and close to the significance for front-back axis (p: 0,0812).

Conclusion:

Those measures in the glenoid surface without labrum were of 25.05 mm in average Front- back sense and 34.71 mm in average Upper-lower sense ; L Bigliani refers 25 and 35 mm respectively. We highlight the features of these static elements with their significant variables to be taken into account when planning reconstructive surgeries.
Intra articular knee cycts: diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Zicaro Juan P. , Yacuzzi Carlos H , Paz Matias Costa
Published: January 2015

Objectives:

The goal of this study is to investigate a series of patients diagnosed with symptomatic intraarticular knee cysts and describe the diagnostic algorithm and surgical techniques.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective study including 35 patients diagnosed with intraarticular knee cycts who underwent surgical treatment. We excluded patients diagnosed with a mucoid ligament and meniscal cycts. Twenty of the patients were men and 15 women with an average age of 39 years old. All patients underwent anecscional biopsy: 31 arthroscopically and 4 with an open resection. Hydrarthrosis, joint lock and complaints of unspecific pain were present among some of the clinical variations. All of the mentioned cases were diagnosed using MRI imaging and clinical follow up care in order to evaluate suspicion of relapse.

Results:

In all of the mentioned cases, diagnosis were confirmed through anatomical pathology, with 16 focalized pigmented villonodular synovitis, 5 mucoidcycts, 4 synovial cysts, 1 fibrosis cyst , 6 ACL ganglions, 1 PCL ganglion, 2 ACL post operative fibrosis and 2 Bakers cycts. Of those patients: 34 showed favorable outcome and one patient with a Bakers Cyst presented complications with a relapse 6 months after the inicial surgery.

Conclusion:

The pre operative MRI is of great importance due to the fact thatcycts can be found in areas that are difficult to access or rarely explored. It is of much importance to investigate these types of pathologies being that an early diagnosis with surgical treatment can lead to favorable results.
Biceps tendinopathy
Authors: Ibáñez Maximiliano , Calvo Ana Belén , Alvarez Victoria , Lepore Salvador , Ibáñez Federico , Reybet Juan Andrés
Published: January 2015

Introduction:

Tenodesis is the preferred technique in the treatment of the long head of the biceps tendon pathology in younger people, athletes, workers, and those wishing to avoid any cosmetic deformity. The aim of our study was to compare a group of patients who underwent all arthroscopic biceps tenodesis with a group of patients who underwent an open subpectoral procedure. A clinical assessment was performed and we also registered the occurrence of complications.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed 90 patients with lesions in the long head of the biceps tendon treated at our institution between January 2009 and January 2012. Group A underwent an arthroscopic technique while Group B was treated in an open fashion. Clinical assessment included appropriate scores (ASES, Rowe, Simple Shoulder Test, Constant Murley), and we also evaluated pain with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and personal satisfaction in terms of aesthetics and local pain at the scar.

Results:

Group A: Rowe 86 points, ASES 81 points, SST 9 points, Constant and Murley 87 points. VAS 2/10. Regarding scars of the portals patients were satisfied. Group B: Rowe 85 points, ASES 82 points, SST 8.5 points, Constant and Murley 85 points. VAS 3/10 (greater at the site of subpectoral approach). Aesthetic concerns about the scar was observed in 4 cases (4 women). Arm deformity (sign of Popeye) was not observed at the latest follow-up.

Discussion:

No statistical significant differences were found in clinical assessment between both procedures. Arthroscopic tenodesis is technically more challenging and requires an initial longer learning curve in order to perform a successful procedure. Open subpectoral tenodesis despite being a faster and simpler procedure reports discomfort regarding the scar site.
Posterior humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (PHAGL) in anterior shoulder instability
Authors: Vedova Franco Della , Ibáñez Maximiliano , Alvarez Victoria , Lépore Salvador , Sulzle Vanina Ojeda , Galan Hernán , Slullitel Daniel
Published: January 2015

Introduction:

Bankart lesion is the anterior glenohumeral instability most common associated injury. Tears at glenohumeral ligaments can be intra substance or at humeral insertion, this location may be the cause of instability. Posterior humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (PHAGL) can be an isolated or associated cause of instability and it is usually related to the posterior glenohumeral instability. The aim of this article is to report the clinical assessment and postoperative outcomes of 6 patients with PHAGL with anterior shoulder instability.

Materials and Methods:

We evaluated six patients with PHAGL due to anterior glenohumeral instability arthroscopically repaired. All 6 patients developed the lesion after a sports-related trauma. Sixty six per cent of patients had associated intra-articular shoulder pathologies. The diagnosis with MRI arthrogram (with gadolinium) was performed preoperatively in 50% of patients. Postoperative evaluation was made with Rowe, ASES and WOSI scores.

Results:

All patients returned to their previous sports level. One patient had a recurrence. Postoperative scores results are WOSI: 13.13%, Rowe 83.33 and ASES 95.83.

Discussion:

Humeral avulsions of glenohumeral ligaments represent 25% of capsulolabral injuries. PHAGL injury was initially described as a cause of posterior instability, but according to two other series, our study shows that this lesion may also cause anterior instability. It is critical to have a high index of suspicion and make a correct arthroscopic examination to diagnose this injury, because arthroscopic repair of PHAGL has good postoperative outcomes.
Prevalence of cam-type deformities of the hip in asymptomatic adults
Authors: Vilaseca Tomás , Orlowski María Belén , Chahla Jorge , Rodriguez Gustavo Gomez , Arroquy Damián , Herrera Gonzalo Perez , Carboni Martín
Published: January 2015

Objectives:

The prevalence of asymptomatic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is unknown in the general population. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of cam-type deformities in asymptomatic persons.

Methods:

We evaluated 84 volunteers without symptoms of FAI, which underwent a lateral radiograph of both hips. To determine the presence of cam type deformities, α-angle measurement was used. An α-angle > 50 ° indicates the presence of cam type deformity.

Results:

The average age was 28.7 years, with 18 females and 66 males. Of the 84 volunteers, 16 (19%) had an α-angle> 50 °, while the remaining 68 patients had α-angle <50 °. We found the presence of a cam- type deformity in 22.7% of males and 5.5% of women.

Conclusion:

Our results are consistent with the literature reviewed, finding a prevalence of 13.9 to 24.7% in men and in women 4-5.5% according to different authors. The high frequency of cam-type deformities in asymptomatic patients suggests that a high α-angle itself not only ensures the presence of symptoms or progression to osteoarthritis. Therefore, we hold that this finding should be complemented by physical examination, clinical symptoms and other imaging signs when taking decisions regarding the therapeutic management.
Worth replacing a loss of medial meniscal tissue with a polyurethane substitute (Actifit®) when performing a valgus tibial osteotomy addition
Authors: Gelber Pablo E. , Isart Anna , Erquicia Juan I. , Tey Marc , Pelfort Xavier , Abat Ferran , Monllau Juan Carlos
Published: January 2015

Introduction:

The addition tibial valgus osteotomy (ovat) is a common treatment of symptomatic genu varus. This frequently is accompanied by considerable loss of medial meniscal tissue. The aim was to evaluate, in the context of performing a ovat, restoring the functional impact of this lack of medial meniscal tissue with Actifit® compared with the simple meniscectomy.

Material and Methods:

Sixty patients with symptomatic genu varo operated with ovat were studied prospectively. In 30 patients we have left a medial meniscal defect> 25 mm (M) and in 30 a medial Actifit® was implanted(A). The evaluations were performed using Womet, IKDC, Kujala, EVA and satisfaction (0-4).

Results:

Both groups were statistically comparable preoperatively, including follow-up time (31.2 months; range, 24-47.5; p = 0.35). 53.4 ± 8.4 Womet improved and 42.4 ± 17.2 points in M and A (p = 0.002), improved IKDC 56.7 ± 12 and 50.3 ± 15.6 points in M and A (p = 0.107), 50.4 ± 14.7 Kujala improved to 38.9 ± 21.6 points M and A (p = 0.02) and VAS decreased 6.9 ± 2.1 and 4.7 ± 2.8 points in M and A (p = 0.006). The satisfaction was 3.3 ± 0.8 and 3.3 ± 1 in M and A (p = 0.84).

Conclusions:

The symptomatic genu varus treated with OVAT associated to medial meniscectomy led, compared to when it was associated with the implantation of a medial Actifit®, to a marked improvement in most of the scales tested. There was no difference in the degree of satisfaction. Based on short-term results of this study, restitution replacement with polyurethane substitute can not be recommended to perform a ovat.
Efficacy, Indications and Limitations of Hallux Arthroscopy
Authors: Batista Jorge , Maestu Rodrigo , Logioco Lucas , Roncolato Diego , Patthauer Luciano , Godoy Gerardo
Published: January 2015

Objective:

First metatarsophalangeal joint arthroscopy is a realative new technique including particulars as sinovitis, osteochondral lesions, incipient degenerative arthropathies and loose bodies. The aim of this study was to define the indications, effectiveness and limitations of this procedure.

Material and Method:

16 patients were operated. The procedure was carried out through three dorsomedial, dorsolateral and medial portals. Indications were osteochondral lesions of the metatarsal head (N=8), osteochondral lesion of the proximal phalanx of the hallux (N=1), loose bodies (N=1), sinovitis (N=2) and early degenerative joint disease with dorsal osteophytosis of the first metatarsal head (N=4).

Results:

Monitoring of the patients was a minimum of two years. The clinical and radiological assesment were performed by the same team of surgeons. 87,5% of patients had complete remission of the symptomatology five months after surgery (N=14). Good functional but not complete remission of the symptomatology outcomes were detected in a patient with hallux rigidus (HR) Gl and another patient with (HR) Gll. There were no complications with this technique.

Discussion:

In osteochondral lesions, loose bodies and sinovitis, hallux arthroscopy has good outcomes without complications; but minor findings in patients with arthrosis degenerative changes and osteophytes (Hallux Rigidus). These patients requiere other tecniques such cheilectomy, osteotomies and arthrodesis in degenerative extensive injuries.
Uranium and technetium interactions with wüstite [Fe1–xO] and portlandite [Ca(OH)2] surfaces under geological disposal facility conditions
Authors: Van Veelen A. , Preedy O. , Qi J. , Law G. T. W. , Morris K. , Mosselmans J. F. W. , Ryan M. P. , Evans N. D. M. , Wogelius R. A.
Published: January 2015

Iron oxides resulting from the corrosion of large quantities of steel that are planned to be installed throughout a deep geological disposal facility (GDF) are expected to be one of the key surfaces of interest for controlling radionuclide behaviour under disposal conditions. Over the lengthy timescales associated with a GDF, the system is expected to become anoxic so that reduced Fe(II) phases will dominate. Batch experiments have therefore been completed in order to investigate how a model reduced Fe-oxide surface (wüstite, Fe1–xO) alters as a function of exposure to aqueous solutions with compositions representative of conditions expected within a GDF. Additional experiments were performed to constrain the effect that highly alkaline solutions (up to pH 13) have on the adsorption behaviour of the uranyl (UO22+) ion onto the surfaces of both wüstite and portlandite [Ca(OH)2; representative of the expected cementitious phases]. Surface co-ordination chemistry and speciation were determined byex situX-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements (both X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis (EXAFS)). Diffraction, elemental analysis and XANES showed that the bulk solid composition and Fe oxidation state remained relatively unaltered over the time frame of these experiments (120 h), although under alkaline conditions possible surface hydroxylation is observed, due presumably to the formation of surface hydroxyl complexes. The surface morphology, however, is altered significantly with a large degree of roughening and an observed decrease in the average particle size. Reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) occurs during adsorption in almost all cases and this is interpreted to indicate that wüstite may be an effective reductant of U during surface adsorption. This work also shows that increasing the carbonate concentration in reactant solutions dramatically decreases the adsorption coefficients for U on both wüstite and portlandite, consistent with U speciation and surface reactivity determined in other studies. Finally, the EXAFS results include new details about exactly how U bonds to this metal oxide surface.
EpCAM aptamer mediated cancer cell specific delivery of EpCAM siRNA using polymeric nanocomplex
Authors: Subramanian Nithya , Kanwar Jagat R , Athalya Prasanna kumar , Janakiraman Narayanan , Khetan Vikas , Kanwar Rupinder K , Eluchuri Sailaja , Krishnakumar Subramanian
Published: January 2015

Background

Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is overexpressed in solid tumors and regarded as a putative cancer stem cell marker. Here, we report that employing EpCAM aptamer (EpApt) and EpCAM siRNA (SiEp) dual approach, for the targeted delivery of siRNA to EpCAM positive cancer cells, efficiently inhibits cancer cell proliferation.

Results

Targeted delivery of siRNA using polyethyleneimine is one of the efficient methods for gene delivery, and thus, we developed a novel aptamer-PEI-siRNA nanocomplex for EpCAM targeting. PEI nanocomplex synthesized with EpCAM aptamer (EpApt) and EpCAM siRNA (SiEp) showed 198 nm diameter sized particles by dynamic light scattering, spherical shaped particles, of 151 ± 11 nm size by TEM. The surface charge of the nanoparticles was −30.0 mV using zeta potential measurements. Gel retardation assay confirmed the PEI-EpApt-SiEp nanoparticles formation. The difference in size observed by DLS and TEM could be due to coating of aptamer and siRNA on PEI nanocore. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that PEI-EpApt-SiEp has superior binding to cancer cells compared to EpApt or scramble aptamer (ScrApt) or PEI-ScrApt-SiEp. PEI-EpApt-SiEp downregulated EpCAM and inhibited selectively the cell proliferation of MCF-7 and WERI-Rb1 cells.

Conclusions

The PEI nanocomplex fabricated with EpApt and siEp was able to target EpCAM tumor cells, deliver the siRNA and silence the target gene. This nanocomplex exhibited decreased cell proliferation than the scrambled aptamer loaded nanocomplex in the EpCAM expressing cancer cells and may have potential for EpCAM targeting in vivo.