bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Restorative Justice dalam Perkara Kekerasan terhadap Anak di Kejaksaan Negeri Purbalingga
Authors: Eliza Fera , Kusumawardani Andika , Mayang Dianing Sekar , Sakinatunnisa Silvi
Published: May 2024

Laws are fundamentally created to provide justice for the entire society. Law enforcement can be carried out through litigation and non-litigation processes. The government is currently striving for non-litigation law enforcement through Restorative Justice. This article aims to explain the process by which a prosecutor convinces the victim to pursue Restorative Justice enforcement and the importance of the presence of village officials in Restorative Justice efforts. The data is based on interview methods and document analysis, analyzed descriptively. The research results indicate that, fundamentally, prosecutors do not convince the victim to undergo Restorative Justice. Instead, prosecutors act as facilitators suggesting that there is an alternative way to resolve non-litigation cases through Restorative Justice. The urgency of the presence of village officials as community figures in the Restorative Justice process is a requirement of Restorative Justice. Currently, the government is attempting to maximize the resolution of cases through non-litigation means, which is highly relevant in cases related to violence against children, especially in the efforts to implement Restorative Justice in cases of violence against children in the Public Prosecutor's Office of Purbalingga under the name Suspect Saeful Trianto alias Amir Bin Hadigun. The application of Restorative Justice requires the participation and awareness of the parties involved to be implemented to the fullest extent.Keyword: Justice, Law, Non-litigation law enforcement, Restorative Justice, Violence against children
Efektivitas Pemulihan Korban Kekerasan Seksual Berdasarkan di Wilayah Hukum Polresta Banyumas
Authors: Alliandus Nico Yohanes Imanuel , Angkasa Angkasa , Retnaningrum Dwi Hapsari
Published: May 2024

Kasus kekerasan seksual yang dialami perempuan dan anak menempatkan korban berada pada posisi tidak aman baik di rumah maupun di luar rumah. Pasal 6 ayat 1 UU No. 31 Tahun 2014 mengatur bahwa dalam korban kekerasan seksual berhak untuk mendapatkan bantuan medis dan bantuan rehabilitasi psikosial dan psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemulihan korban kekerasan seksual berdasarkan UU No. 31 Tahun 2014 di wilayah hukum Polresta Banyumas serta mengetahui kendala yang dialami dalam memulihkan korban kekerasan seksual di wilayah hukum Polresta Banyumas walau sudah adanya undang-undang tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis empiris dengan. Lokasi penelitian yaitu di Unit Pelayanan Perempuan dan Anak (Unit PPA) Polresta Banyumas. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder, metode penentuan informan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Pemulihan korban kekerasan seksual di wilayah hukum Polresta Banyumas masih kurang efektif akibat masih terdapatnya perbedaan antara law in action dengan law in book/theory. Kendala-kendala yang ada dipengaruhi oleh tiga aspek, yaitu aspek struktur hukum (legal structure) di mana kurangnya penyebaran Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban (LPSK) yang menyulitkan korban yang berada di wilayah hukum Polresta Banyumas untuk memperoleh restitusi, substansi hukum (legal substance) di mana belum adanya pengaturan mengenai mekanisme tertentu untuk mempermudah korban yang berdomisili di wilayah hukum Polresta Banyumas untuk memperoleh restitusi dari Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban (LPSK) yang berada di Semarang, dan budaya hukum (legal culture) di mana timbulnya stigma buruk di masyarakat yang beranggapan bahwa jika seorang korban kekerasan seksual merupakan aib di lingkungan masyarakat tersebut.
Nanocrystalline CuOx Thin Films for Electrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Santos Silva Ermeson David , de Jesus Serrão Fernanda Thamiles , dos Santos Domingos Gustavo Henrique , Brito Ferreira Oliveira Thiago Mielle , Liutheviciene Cordeiro Marco Aurélio
Published: May 2024

New advances in creating effective and affordable copper-based catalysts for water splitting represent a promising strategy for driving sustainable energy technologies. However, ma- terials containing copper are susceptible to corrosion and agglomeration. In this study, we describe a synthesis route to produce olamine-functionalized CuO nanoparticles using the Hot Injection method. Nanoparticles were obtained and subsequently deposited on FTO substrates, undergoing thermal treatment at 500°C and 600°C in atmospheres containing O2 and N2, aiming to enhance the adhesion of the active material to the substrate and modify its oxidation state. Microstructural properties were analyzed using XRD, SEM, and TEM, while electrochemical properties were studied using CV, LSV, and EIS. Electrodes treated thermally in an N2 atmosphere at 600°C exhibited higher ESCA, indicating a greater area of active sites exposed to surface reactions and, therefore, superior catalytic activity in Hy- drogen Evolution Reaction (HER). These findings show an interesting strategy for avoiding rapid electron-hole recombination and, consequently, CuO corrosion. For Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER), samples treated thermally in O2 atmosphere at 500°C and 600°C appear to be more effective.
Cu-Polymetallic Deposit Exploration under Thick Cover in Gucheng-Yaxi Area Using Audio Magnetotelluric and Spread Spectrum Induced Polarization
Authors: Ullah Farid , Zhou Xin , Chen Rujun , Yang Lunkai , Yao Hongchun , Hu Hao , Chen Siwen , Wang Quangong
Published: May 2024

Successful geophysical exploration works in Gucheng-Yaxi area located in Gaochun District, Jiangsu province, China, have been limited partly due to complex geological condition of the area and high artificial noise in data acquired using electrical and electromagnetic methods. In this work, we deployed the new anti-interference spread spectrum induced polarization method (SSIP) and audio magnetotellurics (AMT) method to detect a copper-polymetallic deposit in the area. Two-dimensional (2D) inversion results at Gucheng-Yaxi Area revealed a high chargeability anomalous zone on SSIP profile that coincided with a zone of moderate resistivity located between two resistor bodies on AMT profile. A follow up 1200 meters drill hole was established at this high chargeability-moderate resistivity zone which encountered polymetallic (copper, lead, zinc, gold and silver) mineralization at the depth ≥ 400 m. Drill hole data analysis showed that mineralization occurs interspaced in marble rock mass at varies depth. Furthermore, several low resistivity-weak chargeability sections were revealed and inferred attributed to Cretaceous sediments and faults. These faults are thought to have played critical role in the polymetallic mineralization genesis. In summary, this work demonstrated the successful of application of SSIP and AMT at detecting a metallic deposit in an area with high artificial noise. Hence the geophysical prospection potential of Gucheng-Yaxi area is great.
Optimizing Bioky Performance Using Super Small Vessel in Wastewater Treatment Installation at PT. Macanan Jaya Cemerlang
Authors: Waluyo Joko , Paryanto Paryanto , Alamsyah Raihan , Kurniawan Deni , Pranoto Ibnu Singgih , Cahyani Yulinar Pramesti
Published: May 2024

Abstract. One of the causes of environmental pollution is liquid waste generated by industries, especially the printing industry. PT Macanan Jaya Cemerlang is one of the printing industries producing liquid waste that does not meet the quality standards. The purpose of this research is to optimize the performance of Bioky bacteria using the Super Small Vessel in the wastewater treatment plant at PT Macanan Jaya Cemerlang. Treatment involves testing variables such as residence time and bacteria quantity's impact on TSS, MBAS, COD, BOD, pH, and ORP.The study employs anaerobic treatment with observed variables: residence time of 1; 2; and 3 days, and bacteria quantity of 2.4; 3.2; and 4 liters. Samples from each variable are then analyzed for pH, ORP, and TSS. COD, BOD, and MBAS are tested after obtaining the best TSS results from each variable.The research results indicate that longer residence time and increased bacteria quantity lead to greater reduction in TSS, COD, BOD, and MBAS, while pH approaches neutrality. Optimal conditions occur at a 3-day residence time with 4,0 liters of bacteria, resulting in a reduction of TSS, COD, BOD, and MBAS against the inlet by 99.75%, 95.47%, 94.84%, and 26.72%. Although the treated waste doesn't meet the established standards, it effectively reduces the pollution levels in PT Macanan Jaya Cemerlang's wastewater.

Keywords:

Anaerobic, Efficiency, Printing Industry Liquid Waste, Super Small Vessel
ON THE QUESTION OF THE COEXISTENCE OF NICKEL AND COBALT SPINEL
Authors: Khrystych Olena , Korohodska Alla , Shabanova Halyna , Logvinkov Sergii
Published: May 2024

For the development of composite materials based on alumina and high-alumina cements using resource-saving technology when replacing the original raw materials with substandard raw materials and chemical wastes, there is a need for a physical and chemical substantiation of the coexistence of newly formed phases in the composition of the binder, which necessitated the study of the subsolidus structure of the system. The paper presents the results of calculations characterising the elements of the subsolidus structure of the CoO - NiO - Al2O3 system. The results of the study revealed the predominance of solid-phase exchange reactions and determined the structure of the CoO - NiO - Al2O3 system in the subsolidus region. It was found that the sub-solidus structure of the system is simple and consists of three elementary triangles. The analysis of the area of the elementary triangles and the low degree of asymmetry indicate that there are no significant risks of deviation from the specified phase composition of the synthesised materials due to the preparatory technological stages, and no special measures are required during the synthesis of materials to ensure the accuracy of the dosage of the starting ingredients. Based on the results of the calculations, the most thermodynamically stable compound in the studied system (aluminocobalt spinel) was identified, and the maximum probability of its existence was determined. Aluminium-nickel spinel has a lower probability of existence because it does not coexist with CoO and is not represented in the elementary triangle with the maximum area. Aluminium-nickel spinel has a lower probability of existence, and the least likely is the identification of Al2O3 in the composition of heterophase combinations. Based on the results of the study, the geometric-topological and statistical characteristics of the subsolidus structure of the system were analysed, which are important for the accuracy of predicting phase combinations in the synthesis of new heterogeneous composite materials.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF FRIT VISCOSITY ON THE MELTING CHARACTERISTICS OF GLAZES FOR SINGLE-FIRED CERAMIC TILES
Authors: Savvova Oksana , Pokroieva Yana
Published: May 2024

The need to expand the assortment of ceramic tiles and ceramic granite by modifying the structure and texture of glass coatings with special properties using the technology of one-time firing, taking into account the aspects of resource and energy saving and environmental friendliness of widely used finishing materials, is analyzed. The need to create new types of ceramic tiles and ceramic granite in domestic production, taking into account the needs of the fuel and energy complex and the domestic raw material base in the event of emergency situations, has been determined. The purpose and tasks of the work are formulated, which determine the need to study the fusible characteristics of glazes and their viscosity for ceramic tiles for one-time firing. The peculiarities of frit compositions are analyzed and the requirements for surface properties are established to ensure a defect-free glaze coating for one-stage firing of ceramic tiles. High-calcium zinc aluminum silicate frits with a short interval of formation of a vitreous coating during single firing with different textures on  PJSC «Kharkiv Tile Plant». The change in the characteristics of the change in viscosity and melting point of frit during the formation of glass-crystalline coatings, depending on the chemical composition and phase transformations during heat treatment, was analyzed. It was determined that ensuring crystallization viscosity η = 108,1-8,5 Pa·s in the area of ​​nucleation temperatures 1050-1150 °С for experimental frits indicates intensive formation and growth of crystalline phases and is decisive for ensuring their melting in the range of temperatures 1100 -1200 °С.   It was established that the rapid increase in the viscosity of frit determines the rapid change in the characteristic melting curves in a narrow temperature range when ensuring successive stages of softening, forming a sphere, a hemisphere and melting is an indicator of the possibility of using the developed frits by single firing technology. The use of developed frits in single firing technology will significantly increase the competitiveness of domestic ceramic tiles and contribute to the stabilization of the market in the conditions of sustainable development of the country.
Finite element, petrographic, and mechanical analyses of field-cored concrete fairlead beam anchor rods from Luke Air Force Base
Authors: Floyd Webster , Dunsford Kyle , Groeneveld Andrew , Klaus Kyle
Published: May 2024

The fairlead beam is used to accomplish installation of the Barrier Arresting Kit 12 energy absorber for setback aircraft arresting system (AAS) installations at permanent operating facilities. Typical fairlead beams are affixed to a Portland cement concrete (PCC) foundation pad by a series of anchor assemblies made up of steel anchor rods set in grout inside galvanized pipe sleeves. US Air Force Civil Engineering Center (AFCEC) subject matter experts have identified a pattern of premature failures in these steel anchor assemblies when they are nondestructively inspected during AAS overhauls. The US Army Engineer Research and Development Center was tasked by AFCEC to investigate potential reasons for these premature failures. This report outlines methods and results of a finite element analysis of the anchorage, a visual and petrographic analysis of field-cored PCC anchor rods from Luke Air Force Base, and a mechanical analysis of specimens taken from the anchor rods within the PCC cores. Multiple modes of PCC distress were observed, and corrosion was evident in and around the anchor assemblies. Mechanical testing of specimens from the anchor rods indicated that an inferior grade of steel was used to fabricate these particular assemblies. Finally, observed deviations from design intention are discussed.
Impacts of invasive species on populations of federally listed species on US Army Corps of Engineers project lands
Authors: Jung Jacob , Guilfoyle Michael , Fischer Richard , Sharp Andrew
Published: May 2024

The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is mandated to meet federal, state, and local environmental laws and organizational regulations pertaining to the protection and conservation of ESA (Endangered Species Act 1973)-listed species and associated critical habitats. USACE is also mandated under Executive Order 13112 to document the presence and status of invasive species on their lands. We examine the status of 50 ESA–listed species prioritized by USACE expenditures for ESA compliance from 2014 to 2018. We review the status of invasive species and assess any evidence from published US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) or National Marine Fisheries Service recovery plans or other government documents that indicate whether invasive species are negatively impacting the status of ESA–listed species on USACE lands. We found that 18 of 50 (36%) USFWS recovery plans for these 50 listed species specifically mention invasive species as a primary factor leading to the species’ decline and listing, or they note the need for management and control of invasive species to meet proposed recovery goals. USACE will need to work collaboratively with other federal and state agencies, universities, and nongovernmental organizations to improve control of invasive species and management and recovery of ESA–listed species.
Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism during hospitalization in Internal Medicine: a subanalysis of the FADOI-NoTEVole study.
Authors: Abenante Alessia , Squizzato Alessandro , Bertù Lorenza , Arioli Dimitriy , Buso Roberta , Carrara Davide , Ciarambino Tiziana , Dentali Francesco
Published: May 2024

Patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine Units (IMUs) may frequently experience both an increased risk for thrombosis and bleeding. The use of risk assessment models (RAMs) could aid their management. We present a post-hoc analysis of the FADOI-NoTEVole study, an observational, retrospective, multi-center study conducted in 38 Italian IMUs. Primary aim was to evaluate the predictors associated with the prescription of thromboprophylaxis during hospitalization. Secondary objectives were to evaluate RAMs adherence, prophylaxis prescription, and the number of thrombotic and hemorrhagic events. Thromboprophylaxis was prescribed to 927 out of 1387 (66.8%) patients with a Padua Prediction score (PPS) ≥ 4. Remarkably, 397 in 1230 (32.3%) patients with both PPS ≥ 4 and an IMPROVE bleeding risk score (IBS) < 7 did not receive it. The prescription of thromboprophylaxis mostly correlated with reduced mobility (OR 2.31; 95% CI 1.90-2.81), ischemic stroke (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.34-2.91), history of previous thrombosis (OR 2.46; 95% CI 1.49-4.07), and the presence of a central venous catheter (OR 3.00; 95% CI 1.99-4.54). The assessment of bleeding risk using the IBS did not appear to impact physicians' decisions.
Our analysis provides insight into how indications for thromboprophylaxis were determined, highlighting the difficulties faced by physicians with patients admitted to IMUs.
Residual Chlorine Modeling by EPANET in Drinking Water Distribution Networks: A Study on Chlorine Dissipation in Al Seeb, Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Sukaiti Arwa Al , Ahmed Mushtaque
Published: May 2024

Controlling the residual chlorine concentrations is crucial in the management of water quality in drinking water systems to avoid overdosing or insufficient doses issues. The research employs EPANET to simulate chlorine dissipation in a part of the Sultanate of Oman's drinking water distribution network. To estimate chlorine bulk and wall decay rates through the real network, a combination of bottle tests and a pilot-scale pipe system were involved in this research. EPANET simulations conducted under two scenarios reveal that the first scenario aligns most closely with actual network conditions. The results shed light on the critical consideration of wall decay, particularly in aging pipe sections, suggesting that neglecting this factor may lead to inaccurate predictions. Model validity is shown to be influenced by initial chlorine concentrations, underscoring the significance of obtaining precise data about the network starting from the main reservoirs’ outlet to the last pipes section. This study suggested further investigations into the latest part of the selected distribution network that showed a necessity to enhance free residual chlorine. Potential strategies should be developed for effective monitoring and management of residual chlorine concentrations, taking into consideration the factors that may affect its dissipation.
(469219) Kamoʻoalewa, A Space Weathering Matured Small NEA: Target of the Tianwen-2 Sample-Return Mission
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Pengfei , Zhang Guozheng , Yan Xiaoran , Granvik Mikael , Zhang Yongxiong , Niu Yunbo , Pang Ronghua , Wei Zichen , Wang Pengyue , Zhang Qinwei , Lu Xuejin , Hu Shoucun , Cheng Bin , Vernazza Pierre , Hiroi Takahiro , Cloutis Edward , DeMeo Francesca , Jiang Te , Beck Pierre , Ip W.-H. , Fenucci Marco , Zhao Hai-Bin , Wang Xiaobin , Lu Xiaoping , Zhang Jiang , Ling Zongcheng , Lantz Cateline , Geem Jooyeon , Wu Xing , Lin Honglei , Zhao Sizhe , Wang Juntao , He Zhiping , Zhang Yonglong , Zhou Li-Yong , Zhang Xiliang , Li Shijie , Hu Sen , Yang Wei , Li Xiongyao , Zhang Xiaoping , Liu Jiahui , Zhang Peng , Zhang Guang , Lin Yangting
Published: May 2024

Understanding the nature and evolution of near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) are of paramount importance to planetary science1 and security2. So far, three asteroid sample-return missions, Hayabusa, Hayabusa2, and OSIRIS-REx to asteroids have greatly increased our knowledge of several-hundred-meter rubble-pile NEAs. However, limited by ground-based observation spatial resolution, little is known about smaller NEAs. Recently, the China National Space Administration has proposed a new asteroid mission, Tianwen-2, which plans to first return a sample from an Earth quasi-satellite (469219) 2016 HO3 Kamoʻoalewa, and then orbit and characterize an active main-belt asteroid: 311P/PANSTARRS. Here we report that Kamoʻoalewa is an S-type, sub-hundred-meter-sized (69.45 m × 58.49 m × 51.78 m), rapid-rotating (period is 27.37 minutes) NEA developed with grain size < 2 cm regolith. We analyzed telescopic observations of Kamoʻoalewa, whose visible to near-infrared (VIS-NIR) reflectance spectrum shows a 0.984 (+0.003,-0.004) μm absorption center, suggesting that it resembles LL ordinary chondrites in composition. Orbital dynamical calculations show that Kamoʻoalewa holds a 72 ± 5% probability of originating from the inner main belt ν6 secular resonance adjacent to the Flora family. Notably, Kamoʻoalewa exhibits an extremely red (positively steep) VIS-NIR spectral slope, making it a typical space weathering (SW)-matured object. Our spectral model calculations further suggest that the sub-microphase iron content in Kamoʻoalewa’s regolith is 0.29 ± 0.05 wt.% and the SW timescale is ~0.5–1 × 10^8 years. This means that Kamoʻoalewa is indeed a SW-matured object and the separation from its parent body likely took place in the inner main belt long before it evolved into an NEA. We ascribe Kamoʻoalewa’s extremely red spectral slope to the combined effects of SW, YORP spin-up, thermal degradation, low-frequency impacts, and non-rubble pile structure. We further predict that sub-hundred-meter, rapidly spinning silicate-rich NEAs with small perihelion may generally exhibit extremely red spectral slopes and SW-matured surfaces.
Cold spells over Greenland during the mid-Pliocene Warm Period
Authors: Sousa Isabela , Hillaire-Marcel Claude , de Vernal Anne , Montero-Serrano Jean-Carlos , Aubry Aurélie
Published: May 2024

The fate of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) under global warming stress is still unascertained. From this viewpoint, GIS conditions during the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP; 3.264-3.025 Ma), an interval often referred to as a close analogue of a near-future warmer globe, deserve special attention. Neodymium (Nd) and lead (Pb) isotope signatures of marine sediment cored off the southern Greenland margin record intense glacial erosion pulses on southern Greenland Precambrian terranes during this interval, accompanied by a strong reduction of deep contour currents, and following a near obliquity cycle (~ 41 ka) pacing. Despite the high atmospheric CO2 concentration (~ 400 ppmV) of the mPWP, cold spells were thus strong enough to allow for active ice growth over Greenland. The mPWP interval was marked by a reduced amplitude in the axial tilt oscillation of the Earth, thus low overall summer insolation conditions at high latitudes, a feature not anticipated in the near future. Therefore, if offering analogies with the near future of the Earth's climate, the mPWP interval cannot be seen as a genuine analogue specifically for predicting the fate of the GIS.
Assessment of blood-based tumor mutational burden on clinical outcomes in advanced breast and prostate cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Barata Pedro , Barnett Reagan , Jang Albert , Lanka Sree , Fu Pingfu , Bucheit Leslie , Babiker Hani , Bryce Alan , Meyer Haley , Choi Yujin , Moore Casey , Garje Rohan , Gao Xin , Kim Dae , Chang Richard , Gulhati Pat , Ramaker Ryne , Bansal Rani , Zhang Tian , Armstrong Andrew , Bilen Mehmet , Sartor Alton Oliver
Published: May 2024

Background
Breast and prostate are in general, less responsive to Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Tumor mutation burden (TMB) has emerged as a predictive biomarker of response to ICIs and new technologies for evaluating TMB, including liquid biopsy, are now available. We aimed to investigate the role of blood TMB in predicting response to ICIs and its association with genomics alterations.
Methods
The clinical cohort included metastatic breast and prostate cancer patients treated with an ICI following a bTMB ≥10 mut/Mb. Clinical, genomic, and outcomes data were collected. The Guardant Health genomic database (GHGD) was then queried for patients with breast (N = 7899) or prostate (N = 6093) cancers who had a bTMB of ≥10 and 16 mut/Mb, identified by ctDNA NGS (N = 13,992) for associations of bTMB with genomic alterations.
Results
In the clinical cohort (N = 48), ICI treatment was offered after a median of 3 (1–9) lines of treatment. The median bTMB was 16.4 (10–186) mut/Mb. The median PFS was 3.1 months (95%CI, 1.6–4.6), no difference by MSI/MMR status (p = 0.152). The best response rate (n = 36) was 16.7%; only N = 1/6 in bTMB < 16 mut/Mb. High bMSI was associated with higher bTMB (correlation test, r = 0.66, p < 0.001) in all except one. In the GHGD, patients with bTMB high had significantly more alterations than bTMB low and TP53, PIK3CA, ATM, ESR1, NF1, BRCA2, ARID1A, and APC were the most frequently altered genes.
Conclusions
Blood TMB was associated with bMSI status but did not independently predict ICI benefits in patients with advanced breast and prostate cancer and refractory to standard systemic therapies. Higher bTMB was associated with higher number of genomic alterations with potential treatment implications.
Epidemiological Study of Pediatric Neuromuscular Disorders in South West France Regions
Authors: Biotteau Maelle , Messiaen Claude , Wallach Elisabeth , Rivier François , Walther-Louvier Ulrike , Thevenet Lea , Espil Caroline , Baudou Eloise , Jannot Anne-Sophie , Cances Claude
Published: May 2024

Aim: Very limited epidemiological data on neuromuscular disorders pediatric population exist around the world. In France, such pediatric epidemiological study is seriously lacking. We investigated the pediatric prevalence (under 18) and we described the epidemiological profile of neuromuscular disorders on Southwest regions of France, from May 1, 2001 to June 1, 2022. We screened medical and genetic hospital records in three expert centers (Toulouse, Montpellier and Bordeaux) for neuromuscular disorders.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study with data extracted from the French National Rare Disease Databank that gathers a minimal dataset on all patients followed-up in French rare disease expert center in France. We then estimated: (1) Prevalence by diagnosis and age group or by year with Poisson confidence interval (2) survival from birth analyses using Kaplan-Meier for muscular disorders sub-cohort analysis.
Results: Over the period, 1,621 children were included with 62% of males. We estimate the regional prevalence at 37.9 (IC95% = 35.3 - 40.7) for 100,000 inhabitants under 18 years old. For muscular disorders sub-cohort analysis, we estimate regional prevalence for Duchene, Becker, Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1 and Spinal muscular atrophy at 5 (IC95% = 4.1 - 6.1), 1.3 (IC95% = 0.9 - 1.9), 6.2 (IC95 = 5.1 - 7.3) and 3.2 (IC95% = 2.5 - 4.1) respectively.
Conclusion: Our findings seem in accordance with previous but scarce other data. Together, all may reflect a consensus among different countries supporting a global neuromuscular disorders’ pediatric prevalence about 38/100000 may, about 5 for Duchene, 1.5 for Becker, 6.2 for Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1, 3.2 for Spinal muscular atrophy. This is the first time that it’s possible to estimate with robustness French pediatric epidemiological prevalence of neuromuscular disorders, that constitute a strength starting point to be confirmed by the extend of analyze to all French expert centers.
Radiographic Estimation of Pterygoid Pillar for Implant Placement in Indian Population- a CBCT Based Analysis.
Authors: James Johnson Raja , Abdullah Rasheed Abdulsalam , V Arun K , Raja Jacob , S Hariprasat A , Dandekar Sayali
Published: May 2024

Aim: The study was designed to improve the knowledge of the morphological characteristics of the pterygoid pillar by anatomical three-dimensional analysis to improve pterygoid implants surgical planningMaterial and method: A cross-sectional study conducted at Rajas Dental College and hospital. 40 participants (Group 1: age 20–40 years and Group 2: age 40–60 years) who had undergone Cone beam computed tomography analysis were included in the study. Radiographic measurements for the pterygomaxillary width, height, density and angulation were tabulated and statistical analysis was performed for the two groups. IBM SPSS software version 26.0 was used to for analysis. Independent t test was performed for comparison between the groups.Results: The mean age of participants in group 1 was 31.05 ± 4.51 and group 2 was 48.50 ± 5.61. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups for both the right and left sides for the pterygoid joint width. Similarly, no significant difference was seen between group 1 and 2 for the measured height (in mm) of the joint for the female patients and on right side for the male patients. However, on the left side the difference in the joint height was found to be significant (p = 0.012).The mean densities of the pterygoid region for male and female participants were comparable for both the groups. The angulation was comparable for both the groups except for the right side of male patients which showed statistically significant difference.Conclusion: Significant variations can be encountered in the morphological characteristics. Knowledge regarding the variation in width, height, density of this region and angulation of implant placement is extremely important especially for the inexperienced hands. Radiographic assessment and pre-surgical planning should be performed to study these characteristic for achieving predictable outcomes.
Neuron-type specific aging-rate reveals age decelerating interventions preventing neurodegeneration
Authors: Schumacher Björn , Gallrein Christian , Meyer David
Published: May 2024

Different types of neurons show distinct susceptibility to age-dependent functional decline and degeneration and are linked to different types of neurodegenerative disorders. The underlying reasons for different aging trajectories of distinct neuron types are poorly understood. Here, we employ aging clocks to assess whether distinct neurons differ in their biological age trajectory in C. elegans where the identity of each single neuron is known. We find that specifically ciliated sensory neurons with high neuropeptide expression show the most rapidly progressing biological age. The more rapidly aging neurons show a reduction of mitochondrial respiration and elevated protein translation gene expression. Reducing protein translation with cycloheximide effectively protected fast aging neurons. We show that the C. elegans neuronal aging pattern are highly correlated with human brain aging and contrasted by geroprotective interventions. We performed an in silico drug screen and identified known and novel neuroprotective small molecule compounds. We show that the natural occurring plant metabolite syringic acid and the piperazine derivative vanoxerine delay neuronal degeneration and propose that they could serve as neuroprotective interventions. We also identify neurotoxins that accelerate neurodegeneration indicating that this approach could reveal interventions as well as risk factors for neuronal aging.
Seasonality in the severity of atopic dermatitis and birth season
Authors: Zhang Yu-ting , Li Hong-min , Tan Cheng , Xie Bo
Published: May 2024

Background
Some patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) get worse in the summer and others in the winter. Birth season was suggested to be associated with the prevalence of AD in previous studies. This study aimed to explore the relationship between birth season and alterations in the severity of AD.
Methods
This is a pilot prospective study of 50 patients from the outpatient unit of the department of dermatology at the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine in China with one year follow-up. The scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) was employed to evaluate the severity of AD. The SCORAD score and itch score were recorded at each visit. Seasonal fluctuations in AD severity were analyzed classified by birth season, as well as other potential risk factors.
Results
Summer was the most severe season for AD patients with summer births (with a SCORAD of 63.54 ± 9.13), compared to spring, autumn, or winter (SCORAD was 51.30 ± 17.19, 43.72 ± 13.44 and 47.04 ± 16.44, respectively) (P < 0.01). Among individuals with summer birth, the itching score was highest in the summer (P = 0.01), too. Besides, in newly onset AD, the severity of SCORAD worsened in the spring (P = 0.04).
Conclusions
Patients with summer birth experienced the most severe AD in summer. Interventions on exacerbations at the earliest time of onset should be implemented in this population.
Using wire electrical discharge machining to investigate process indicators of Polysilicon removal mechanism
Authors: Hongfei Gao , Gong Yadong , Zhu Rongdi , Jin Liya
Published: May 2024

This paper examines the effect of processing parameters of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) on the processing indicators of polysilicon. The WEDM, based on COMSOL Multiphysics software, established a thermal-fluid-solid coupling model of polysilicon single pulse discharge. The simulation results show that thermal stress spalling is polysilicon’s primary material removal mechanism during EDM. And through the EDM experiment to verify the accuracy of the simulation model. Based on single-factor experiments, this paper examined the influences of processing parameters on polysilicon processing indicators. The experimental results indicated that open voltage, pulse width, feed velocity, surface roughness (Sa), and material removal rate (MRR) showed a generally increasing trend. In contrast, the influence of pulse interval ratio and feed velocity on the Sa and MRR evinced a nonlinear relationship. These findings could be references for future research on wire EDM’s process optimization and machining.
Designing a new magnetic g-C 3 N 4 nanocatalyst based on Ag nanoparticles supported by β-cyclodextrin for effective reduction of nitroaromatic compounds
Authors: Rostami Saeed , Yahyazadeh Asieh , Adibi Hadi
Published: May 2024

Nanocomposites that incorporate metallic nanoparticles into their matrix represent a significant category of heterogeneous catalysts known for their remarkable catalytic activity. To enhance the stability of metallic nanoparticles, functionalized magnetic g-C3N4 materials have emerged as cost-effective and highly supportive catalyst supports. In this study, we present the synthesis of a silver nanocomposite by utilizing a β-cyclodextrin (βCD) polymer anchored onto the surface of magnetic g-C3N4 (referred to as g-C3N4-Fe3O4/βCD-Ag). The structure and composition of the g-C3N4-Fe3O4/βCD-Ag nanocomposite were thoroughly characterized using various techniques, including FT-IR, FE-SEM-EDS, TEM, TGA, XRD, ICP, and VSM. This catalytic system exhibited excellent selectivity in reducing nitro groups, even in the presence of other reactive functional groups, resulting in high yields ranging from 85–98%. Moreover, the organometallic nanocatalyst could be easily recovered from the solution using an external magnet and demonstrated consistent catalytic activity over six consecutive runs with a slight decrease.
Carbon Neutrality Policies Can Protect Potentially Suitable Habitats For Climate-Sensitive Species —— A Case Study Of Leopard Populations In Northern Shaanxi, China
Authors: Zhu Mengyan , Zhao Yue , Li Weiqiang , Han Xinghua , Wang Zhen , Yang Xiaomei , Dang Cuiying , Liu Yaoguo , Xu Shicai
Published: May 2024

In the context of rapid global climate change, carbon neutrality policies are formulated to reverse the adverse effects of climate change. However, the response of this policy to China's endemic leopard subspecies, the North China leopard, to future climate change is unclear. Therefore, this study predicted the suitable habitat of the North China leopard. The suitable habitat distribution of leopards in northern Shaanxi under four scenarios of shared socio-economic path in 2040 and 2060 was analyzed. We found that northern Shaanxi is an important habitat for North China leopards. In the future SSPs126 scenario, the suitable habitat area and the number of suitable habitat patches of North China leopards will continue to increase. The three climatic factors of annual average temperature, precipitation seasonality, and precipitation in the warmest quarter are important factors affecting the distribution of the leopard population in north China. The North China leopard is a sensitive species to climate change. The increase in carbon emissions will lead to the reduction, migration, and fragmentation of the suitable habitat distribution of the North China leopard. Carbon neutrality policies can protect suitable wild habitats. In the future, research on habitat connectivity should be strengthened to address the impact of climate change on wildlife.
Wheat variety classification based on McaxseNet lightweight model
Authors: Xue Hao , Liu Chengzhong , Han Junying , Lu Qinglin , Hou Jiahui , Zhou Weiguang
Published: May 2024

In the context of traditional wheat cultivation, issues such as a lack of seedlings and the prolonged monopoly of seedlings are frequently encountered. These phenomena have a considerable impact on both grain yield and the income of farmers. The traditional methods of identifying wheat seedling varieties rely on manual observation and measurement. However, these methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and susceptible to subjective influences, resulting in poor timeliness and robustness. The detection accuracy and speed of wheat seedling variety identification and classification can be improved by using deep learning models. However, there is still relatively little research on this subject. In this study, a McaxseNet lightweight model wheat variety identification classification method is proposed. The method is based on the MobileVit-XS network model, which efficiently identifies global feature information. The introduction of the CBAM attention mechanism in the MV2 module enables the MV2 module to be more focused and accurate when processing features. It is proposed that the XSE module incorporate the SE attention mechanism in the improved Xception module, followed by residual linking, to address the gradient vanishing problem and enhance the feature extraction capability of the model, while simultaneously improving its robustness. The McaxseNet lightweight model was trained on 30 datasets in a wheat test field, comprising a total of 29,673 images of wheat seedlings from 30 wheat varieties. The average accuracy of the dataset is 98.27%, which represents a 5.94% improvement over that of the MobileViT model. Furthermore, the model's number of parameters is only 10.51MB, and the execution time for processing a single wheat seedling image is 24.1ms. In comparison to other convolutional neural network models, McaxseNet exhibits a higher degree of accuracy while maintaining a relatively low number of parameters. In comparison to other convolutional neural network models, McaxseNet exhibits a higher degree of accuracy while maintaining a relatively low number of parameters.
Comparison of the Postoperative Analgesic Effects of Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine in Infraorbital Nerve Block Anesthesia for Cheiloplasty in Infants
Authors: Zhou Wenjie , Lin Nan , Cai Zhiyu , Mao Chuanqing , Lai Yongzhen , Lu Meng
Published: May 2024

Obejectives: This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine for infraorbital nerve block post cheiloplasty. Additionally, the safety and feasibility of these agents in infants and young children were explored. Materials and Methods: Participants were divided into three groups: Control group (physiological saline), Group L (ropivacaine), and Group B (bupivacaine). Bilateral infraorbital nerve block anesthesia was performed at the beginning of surgery, and surgical treatment was performed under general anesthesia. Then, the FLACC scale method was used to score the pain of the children after surgery. Results: The heart rate of Group B was lower than that of the other two groups after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The FLACC pain scores in Group L and Group B at 30 minutes, 1 hour, and 4 hours after surgery were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Side effects such as edema or hematoma at the puncture site, nausea, vomiting, cyanosis, and convulsions were noted. There were no adverse reactions in the control group. One case of lip cyanosis and convulsions occurred in Group L, and one case of nausea and vomiting occurred in Group B. There were no statistically significant differences in age, weight, and surgical time among the three groups(P > 0.05). Conclusions: Compared with bupivacaine, ropivacaine demonstrated similar analgesic effects and higher safety for postoperative pain relief of cleft lip repair in infants and young children. Its convenience of use suggests its merit for clinical promotion. Clinacal relevance: Ropivacaine could be considered an effective and reliable postoperative analgesic for cheiloplasty in infants.
Trueness of intraoral scanners: Its impact on the trueness and marginal and internal discrepancies of fabricated crowns (A comparative in vitro study)
Authors: Ali Safa , Majeed Manhal A
Published: May 2024

Background
Digital dentistry is constantly growing, and the availability of IOSs has significantly increased in recent years. Numerous studies have investigated the accuracy of different intraoral scanners; however, limited evidence is available concerning the effects of the accuracy of IOSs on the fit of zirconia crowns. This study aimed to assess and compare the accuracy of four intraoral scanners in terms of trueness and to analyse its impact on the trueness, as well as the internal and marginal adaptations of zirconia crowns fabricated from these scanners.
Methods
Ten sound maxillary left first premolar teeth prepared to receive zirconia crowns were used in this research. First, the teeth were scanned with a lab scanner (inEos X5, Dentsply Sirona) as a reference. Each tooth was scanned serially with the following IOSs: PrimerScan, Medit i700 wireless, TRIOS5, and Helios 600. Five monolithic zirconia crowns were fabricated for each tooth, one crown per scanner. The trueness of the tested scanners was determined by the superposition of each IOS's scanned data with the reference scanner's scanned data by metrology software (Geomagic Control X) and presented as a colour-coded map. The accuracy of the fabricated zirconia restoration was assessed by superimposing the scanned data of the intaglio of the crown fabricated from each intraoral scanner with the intaglio of the crown fabricated from the lab scanner (reference crown). The internal and marginal gaps of the crowns were then measured via the silicone replica technique, followed by a 3D evaluation of the replica by the software. The data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD multiple comparisons test. Pearson's correlation test assessed the relationships between the trueness of the IOSs and the trueness, internal fit, and marginal fit of the fabricated crowns.
Results
The tested IOSs revealed significant differences in trueness (p < 0.05). Primescan, Medit i700, and their corresponding crowns showed the highest trueness among the groups, with no significant differences between them (p > 0.05), while Helios 600 and its corresponding crowns showed the lowest trueness. The lowest internal and marginal gaps were observed in the crowns fabricated from Primescan and Medit i700, whereas the highest marginal and internal gaps were observed in the crowns fabricated from Helios 600. A moderately positive correlation was found between the tested IOSs' trueness and the fabricated restorations’ marginal and internal adaptations.
Conclusions
There were significant differences in trueness between the IOSs, which substantially impacted the trueness and fitness of the produced crowns.
Trial registration:
The permission for this study was given by the research ethics committee of the College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad. Ref.number: 811/2023.
The impact of changes in LH levels in flexible antagonist protocols on the clinical outcomes of fresh IVF/ICSI cycles in populations of POSEIDON groups 1 and 2: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Lin Yanying , Chen Lili , Huang Lisheng , Yang Yizhen , Zheng Beihong
Published: May 2024

Objective: To investigate the impact of changes in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels during ovulation induction using flexible gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-A) regimens in POSEIDON groups 1 and 2 on the clinical outcomes of fresh in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles.
Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of females in POSEIDON groups 1 and 2 who underwent the IVF/ICSI used flexible GnRH-A regimen at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022. According to the values of change in LH [(LH level on the trigger day − baseline LH)/baseline LH], the study subjects were divided into 7 groups. The general information, laboratory indicators, and clinical outcomes of each group were compared.
Results: Significant difference was observed in terms of the number of retrieved eggs, mature eggs, fertilization number (2PN number), cleavage, and excellent embryos among all groups (all P values < 0.05). The number of eggs retrieved in group A was significantly lower than that in groups E, F, and G (P = 0.042, 0.011, and 0.000, respectively). The number of eggs retrieved in group B was significantly lower than that in group G (P = 0.013). The number of mature eggs in group A was significantly lower than that in groups E, F, and G (P = 0.017, 0.023, and 0.000, respectively). Group B exhibited significantly lower number of mature eggs than group G (P = 0.005). The 2PN number in group A was significantly lower than that in groups E, F, and G (P = 0.033, 0.016, and 0.000, respectively). The cleavage count of group A was significantly lower than that of groups E and G (P = 0.035 and 0.000, respectively).
Conclusion: The use of a flexible GnRH-A regimen to induce ovulation in the POSEIDON groups 1 and 2 can lead to better clinical outcomes. This involves adjusting the dosage of gonadotropin(Gn) and antagonists during the controlled ovarian stimulation(COS) process, to control the LH level on trigger day and allow it to decrease within the range of 0%–100% from baseline (with optimal range being ≥ −100% to −50%).