bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro reduction of bovine oocyte ATP production with oligomycin affects embryo epigenome
Authors: Meulders Ben , Leroy Jo L M R , Xhonneux Inne , Bols Peter E J , Marei Waleed F A
Published: December 2023

In brief

Epigenetic programming is a crucial process during early embryo development that can have a significant impact on the results of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and offspring health. Here we show evidence using a bovine in vitro experiment that embryo epigenetic programing is dependent on oocyte mitochondrial bioenergetic activity during maturation.

This study investigated if oocyte and early embryo epigenetic programming are dependent on oocyte mitochondrial ATP production. A bovine in vitro experiment was performed in which oocyte mitochondrial ATP production was reduced using 5 nmol/L oligomycin A (OM; ATP synthase inhibitor) during in vitro maturation (IVM) compared to control (CONT). OM exposure significantly reduced mitochondrial ATP production rate in MII oocytes (34.6% reduction, P = 0.018) and significantly decreased embryo cleavage rate at 48 h post insemination (7.6% reduction, P = 0.031). Compared to CONT, global DNA methylation (5mC) levels were decreased in OM-exposed MII oocytes (9.8% reduction, P = 0.019) while global histone methylation (H3K9me2) was increased (9.4% increase, P = 0.024). In zygotes, OM exposure during IVM increased 5mC (22.3% increase, P < 0.001) and histone acetylation (H3K9ac, 17.3% increase, P = 0.023) levels, while H3K9me2 levels were not affected. In morulae, 5mC levels were increased (10.3% increase, P = 0.041) after OM exposure compared to CONT, while there was no significant difference in H3K9ac and H3K9me2 levels. These epigenetic alterations were not associated with any persistent effects on embryo mitochondrial ATP production rate or mitochondrial membrane potential (assessed at the four-cell stage). Also, epigenetic regulatory genes were not differentially expressed in OM-exposed zygotes or morulae. Finally, apoptotic cell index in blastocysts was increased after OM exposure during oocyte maturation (41.1% increase, P < 0.001). We conclude that oocyte and early embryo epigenetic programming are dependent on mitochondrial ATP production during IVM.
Percepciones sobre la rehabilitación psicológica a mujeres víctimas del conflicto armado frente a los estándares de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos humanos
Authors: Negrette Sepúlveda Ana María , Negrete Doria Eduard , Durango López Claudia Patricia
Published: December 2023

Este artículo deviene del proyecto Implementación de políticas públicas: Rehabilitación psicológica de las mujeres víctimas del conflicto armado como mecanismo esencial de restablecimiento de derechos y reparación integral. Se

indagó acerca del cumplimiento en la atención Psicológica que el Estado Colombiano brinda a las mujeres víctimas del conflicto armado en el Departamento de Córdoba.

Examina de manera interpretativa y crítica la efectiva y real reparación integral, para establecer la garantía de derechos a la luz de los estándares de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. El tipo de investigación fue la analítico con enfoque en la hermenéutica jurídica y técnica de análisis bibliográfico efectuado sobre textos como la Constitución, Ley de víctimas y jurisprudencias de la corte interamericana. Apoyado en estadísticas, informes y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Es importante verificar la percepción de las mujeres víctimas en el cumplimiento de la atención Psicológica. Los resultados evidencian una disonancia entre el espíritu de la ley y su aplicabilidad, tomando en consideración la falta de implementación y desidia de las entidades y funcionarios en los procesos de ejecución, lo que constituye un obstáculo para el reconocimiento pleno de los derechos humanos de la mujer víctima del conflicto armado en el Departamento de Córdoba bajo un contexto de revictimización.
La democracia deliberativa en el control fiscal participativo como una estrategia para la vigilancia de los recursos públicos
Authors: López Osorio Carolina del Pilar
Published: December 2023

Este artículo se refiere a la articulación del control fiscal participativo y la democracia deliberativa, como una estrategia en la formación del ciudadano para su participación en la vigilancia de los recursos públicos, exponiendo la importancia de este sistema de control dentro de la democracia representativa de la Constitución de 1886 y la democracia participativa de 1991, y su relación con la vigilancia de los recursos públicos.

La Contraloría General de la República ha dispuesto un nuevo diseño de control fiscal participativo que busca cualificar las intervenciones ciudadanas en la vigilancia de los recursos públicos, mediante instrumentos de diálogo y deliberación contenidos en la Resolución 049 de

2019 y en el artículo 60 del Decreto 403 de 2020, que pueden ser de gran utilidad en la vigilancia de los recursos naturales donde existen derechos reconocidos y respecto de los cuales la comunidad o la ciudadanía en general tienen la facultad de intervenir y decidir.

Sin embargo, la aplicación de este nuevo sistema de control participativo se da en una realidad social difícil por la coyuntura política imperante, la debilidad del sistema de pesos y contrapesos que deslegitima el papel de los órganos de control, lo que incrementa la apatía en la ciudadanía.

En consecuencia, la tarea principal de los órganos de control e instituciones públicas, además de fortalecer los espacios de participación y diálogo social, debe orientarse a que sus labores misionales se cumplan acatando los fines esenciales del Estado y los principios fundantes de la Constitución Nacional.
Regional economic specialization and diversification in the State of Hidalgo
Authors: Puebla Maldonado Armando
Published: December 2023

The level of specialization and economic diversification of the 84 municipalities of the state of Hidalgo is presented. Results obtained by the level of Participation of the Sector in the State, the Participation of the Municipality in the sector and the Relative Specialization Coefficient (QR) using for this the Total Employed Population by municipalities (POT) obtained from the 2019 Economic Census. It stands out that the state specializes in three activities: retail trade with 29.6%, manufacturing 26.3%, and temporary accommodation and food and beverage preparation services with 10.6%. It should be noted that the municipality of Cardonal has the highest specialization coefficient of 0.78 derived from its significant participation of 82% (the highest) in terms of its participation in terms of economic activity municipalities.
On permanent world peace from a political anthropology perspective
Authors: Hong Sheng
Published: December 2023

Humans share the same cruel genes as their close relatives, chimpanzees, and their belligerence and bloodlust may never lead to permanent peace of the world. Some people think that war can reduce violence by enlarging the scale of human social bodies, but it not only depends on the institutional structure of peace but also makes the scale of war between social bodies larger, which cannot solve the problem. With the development of religion and other cultural traditions, through thousands of years of subtle influence, people have formed a "no killing" rule of civilization in their minds and tend to solve disputes in a peaceful way to counter against the aggressive genes in their bodies. However, many religious traditions have made some "exceptions" under the rule of “no killing”, which makes killing a religious excuse and makes it possible to kill people on a larger scale. To solve the problem of permanent peace of the world, we need to start with religious and cultural reforms and more strictly limit the "exception" principle of killing. Of course, it will take a long time.
Investigation of differential 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline concentration in inferior and superior spikelets of fragrant rice
Authors: Mo Zhaowen , Luo Haowen , Li Wu , Li Yuzhan , Tian Hua , Pan Shenggang , Liu Haidong , Duan Meiyang , Tang Xiangru
Published: December 2023

Fragrant rice is popular globally due to its desirable grain quality and strong fragrance. 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) is believed to be one of the key aromatic compounds found in fragrant rice. The present study investigated the differential 2AP concentration in inferior and superior spikelets of fragrant rice. Results showed that inferior spikelets produced higher aroma than superior spikelets, but opposite trend was observed in grain yield. A significant positive correlation was observed between grain yield and contribution ratio to yield, number of grains/m2, filled number of grains/m2, percentage of filled grains, and total nitrogen content in grains. Besides, 2AP content at different panicle positions showed a significant negative relationship with contribution ratio to yield but a significant positive correlation with moisture content. The findings demonstrated that it was feasible to improve fragrance and maintain grain yield by reducing the difference between superior and inferior spikelets during grain filling period. The results of the study revealed fragrance in grains in relation to superior and inferior spikelets in fragrant rice panicles.
Raman spectroscopy investigation of CdS based materials
Authors:   Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry of SB RAS, Prosanov Igor Yu , Sidelnikov Anatoly A. ,   Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry of SB RAS, Volodin Vladimir A. ,   Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

It is shown that Raman scattering is useful tool of amorphous CdS based materials investigation. Excitation wavelength has crucial importance in this case. 1064 nm excitation turned out more preferable then 514.5 nm one. New polymeric structure of CdS is determined by Raman scattering due to its fundamental principles. It was discovered that different materials based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) have similar Raman spectra. The conclusion was made that these materials have similar properties and structure of interpolymeric complexes like double DNA helix. One component of such complex is PVA and another one is inorganic polymer. Impurity doping allows to change drastically Raman behavior and reveal hidden molecular oscillations in these systems. Elaborated approach can be used as a template for the investigation of similar materials.
Optimally adaptive thermal reproducing infrared systems for early fire detection
Authors:   National Aerospace Agency, Aliyeva Gunel Vagif gizi
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the optimization of adaptive thermal reproducing systems in the infrared range. The possibility of introducing a general optimization criterion by calculating the geometric mean of two equivalent temperature indicators of high frequency temporal noise is shown. A problem of variational optimization has been formulated, the essence of which is to calculate such a relationship between the integration time and atmospheric transmission at which the objective functional, under some restrictive condition imposed on this function, reaches a minimum, which is equivalent to the minimum difference between the indicated equivalent temperatures.
Effect of coherent UV radiation with a wavelength of 285 nm on the viability and mutation ability of model microorganisms
Authors:   Perm State University, Protasova E.M. , Maksimov Aleksandr Yur‘evich ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

The effect of coherent ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 285 nm on model cultures of bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Rhodococcus erythropolis, which have amylase and nitrilase activity, respectively, has been studied. It was shown that direct irradiation of bacteria for 150 sec under the experimental conditions caused the maximum mutagenic effect, which was expressed in an increase in the number of dissociants (by 3 orders of magnitude) with a sufficiently high cell survival. At the same time, from 4.2 to 8.5% of the dissociants were clones with increased activity of target enzymes (B. subtilis amylase and R. erythropolis nitrilase).
Self-focusing, as the collapse of the wave vector
Authors:   P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakushenkov P. O.
Published: December 2023

This article proposes a GRT approach to the phenomenon of self-focusing. The refractive index is considered as a component of the metric tensor, and the addition to the refractive index due to nonlinear effects in the self-focusing area is considered as an additional curvature that compensates diffraction divergence by pulling photon trajectories inward so that photons in the self-focusing area propagating at certain angles experience collapse and do not go beyond the waveguide region.
Features of the Formation of the North Caucasian Political Elite in Emigration (1920–1930s)
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Babich Irina
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The aim of this article is to study the peculiarities of the formation of the North Caucasian political elite in emigration in France in the 1920s–1930s. This problem is solved using the example of the fate of major figures in the Mountain Republic, A.-M. Chermoev and the Dzhabagiev brothers. The main question of this study is the development of political thought and ideas about the state building on the North Caucasus among North Caucasian emigrants in France in the 1920s–1930s. Until 1917, the political development of the peoples in the North Caucasus was connected with Islam (Imam Shamil and his naibs, Muslim congresses, and the Muslim fraction in the State Duma). However, with emigration, the principles of the formation of the North Caucasian political elite and their views and activities were changed. Methods and materials. The study was prepared on the basis of the historical method with the primary archival sources, which were identified by the author in France (public and private archives) and in Russia. Analysis. The author of this article studied the desire of the North Caucasian leaders to form an alliance with the figures from Transcaucasia in order to create a single state and the principle of secularism in state building. These tendencies led to conflicts within the North Caucasian political elite, which they tried to resolve with the involvement of mediators – Transcaucasian leaders. Results. From the point of view of the development of the political culture of the peoples of the North Caucasus, political leaders of this region in emigration could make very big success in the formation of the North Caucasian political culture (political thought, political activity).
Biden’s Plan to Revive U.S. Relations with Latin American Countries: Expectations and Reality of 2021
Authors:   Volgograd Regional Research and Production Center for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments, Nelin Timur
Published: December 2023

Introduction. During the four years of Donald Trump’s presidency, the relations of the United States with the countries of the Latin American region were greatly damaged. The election plan of Joe Biden meant providing assistance to some countries in Central America and assumed a return to the foreign policy strategy of Barack Obama. After the Democratic candidate’s victory in the 2020 presidential race, the expert community of Latin Americanists expected the expansion of Biden’s plan and the formation of a new U.S. foreign policy doctrine regarding Latin America. The purpose of the article is to find out what expectations the experts (scholars, former politicians, representatives of human rights organizations, etc.) had for the reviving of U.S. relations with Latin American countries in 2021 and how these expectations were met. Methods and materials. The research is based on the analysis of the expert community opinion towards the Latin American policy of Biden’s administration and the correlation of this opinion with the actual policy. The author uses methods of discourse analysis and comparative analysis. Analysis. The cancellation of Trump’s migration orders by the new administration was perceived by experts as a positive signal to improve U.S. relations with Latin American countries. However, Biden’s first 100 days showed that the president did not intend to expand the provisions of his election plan. The increasing flows of illegal migrants and local crises emerging in Latin America have forced the expert community to doubt the possibility of Biden’s plan to cope with new challenges. Results. The study showed that most of the expectations about the improvement of U.S. relations with the countries of the Latin American region were not justified. The reason for that was not only the narrowness of Biden’s plan itself but also the imperfection of the American bureaucratic system and external crises. According to experts, by the end of 2021, the Latin American policy of the new administration did not have any fundamentally new achievements that could significantly change the situation that had developed under President Trump’s administration.
Discussion About the Book by A. Kubyshkin “Town and Gown. The American University in the Structure of Civic Society”
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Tsvetkova Natalia , Sergunin Alexander ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Perevezentsev Alexandr ,   K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, Tokareva Svetlana ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2023

The new book by Alexander Kubyshkin, “Town and Gown. The American University in the Structure of Civic Society”, continues the discussion on U.S. education. N.A. Tsvetkova notes in the essay the unique methodological approach used by the author, who combines historical studies and memoirs, that makes the book an exceptional historiographical occasion in Russian-American studies. The review notes the following important topics that this book raises for consideration: metaphorical research, questions on the national and global status of a university, the dilemma of isomorphism, educational environment architecture, and the role of travelogues in understanding US universities. A.A. Sergunin’s essay “‘Gown’ in ‘Town’ and for ‘Town’. About the Place of the American University in Society”) focuses on the part of the study where the contribution of the university to the development of the city is determined. Comparing with his own observations, the author, following A.I. Kubyshkin, notes that the American University plays a multidimensional role, first of all, in the local community, especially if it performs the role of a “town-forming enterprise” in a relatively small settlement. A.L. Perevezetsev, in his essay “The American University: From Past to Future,” focuses on the evolution of the role of universities in the development of American cities, noting their economic contribution to the prosperous existence of the surrounding community. The author of the essay also draws attention to the extensive range of sources that the author of the book has accumulated over the years. The essay by S.B. Tokareva indicates the specifics of the author’s style in the book by A.I. Kubyshkin. The author notes that the book is not a rigorous academic study. Being written in a doxatic, subjective modality, it represents the reflections of a well-versed and interested author who offers the reader a panoramic overview of American university life, in which a historical excursion to the origins of American higher education is combined with a lively description of its present. Special attention is paid to reflections on ways of reforming the American and Russian higher education systems. The arguments against the assessment of the reform of the Russian higher school of the late 1990s and early 2000s as a “catch-up modernization” are presented.
Computed tomography evaluation of alterations in the masticator space due to invasion by malignant head and neck neoplasms
Authors: Campinhos Mariana Luiza Bittencourt , Curioni Otavio Alberto , Soares Aldemir Humberto , Marcucci Marcelo
Published: December 2023

Abstract Objective: To evaluate alterations in the masticator space due to the dissemination of malignant neoplasms originating from the tonsillar fossa, retromolar trigone, maxillary sinus, or nasopharynx, using computed tomography (CT), as well as to correlate the presence of trismus with the CT findings and the dimensions of the tumor. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the medical records of 65 patients with malignant tumors in the regions described. The images were analyzed by two physician examiners, working independently, who were blinded to the clinical data. In the evaluation of the masticator space, the following parameters were considered: symmetry with the contralateral space; obliteration of the fat plane, retromolar trigone, or pharyngeal space; edema/atrophy of the medial or lateral pterygoid muscles; and destruction of the mandibular ramus. Results: Obliteration of the fat plane was found in 69.2% of the patients. Asymmetry, edema/atrophy, and bone destruction were detected in 27.7%, 26.2%, and 20.0% of the patients, respectively. Trismus was identified in 15.4% of the patients. Of the patients with trismus, 90.0% had stage T4 tumors, compared with only 43.8% of those without trismus. Trismus was 11.6 times more common among the patients with stage T4 tumors than among those with lower-stage tumors. Neoplasms of the tonsillar fossa and retromolar trigone collectively accounted for 95.0% of the cases. The CT scans showed edema/atrophy of the pterygoid muscles in 60.0% of the patients with trismus and in 21.8% of those without. An association was observed between T4 tumor stage and edema/atrophy of the pterygoid muscles. In addition, the risk of trismus was 5.4 times higher among the patients with stage T4 tumors. Conclusion: In our patient sample, the most common finding was obliteration of the fat plane, followed by asymmetry and edema/atrophy. Most of the patients with T4 tumors had trismus, together with edema/atrophy of the pterygoid muscles.
Validação de algoritmo de aprendizado profundo para detecção da idade óssea em pacientes de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Serpa Augusto Sarquis , Elias Neto Abrahão , Kitamura Felipe Campos , Monteiro Soraya Silveira , Ragazzini Rodrigo , Duarte Gustavo Antunes Rodrigues , Caricati Lucas André , Abdala Nitamar
Published: December 2023

Resumo Objetivo: Validar em indivíduos paulistas um modelo de aprendizado profundo (deep learning - DL) para estimativa da idade óssea, comparando-o com o método de Greulich e Pyle. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal com radiografias de mão e punho para idade óssea. A análise manual foi feita por um radiologista experiente. Foi usado um modelo baseado em uma rede neural convolucional que ficou em terceiro lugar no desafio de 2017 da Radiological Society of North America. Calcularam-se o erro médio absoluto (mean absolute error - MAE) e a raiz do erro médio quadrado (root mean-square error - RMSE) do modelo contra o radiologista, com comparações entre sexo, etnia e idade. Resultados: A amostra compreendia 714 exames. Houve correlação entre ambos os métodos com coeficiente de determinação de 0,94. O MAE das predições foi 7,68 meses e a RMSE foi 10,27 meses. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre sexos ou raças (p > 0,05). O algoritmo superestimou a idade óssea nos mais jovens (p = 0,001). Conclusão: O nosso algoritmo de DL demonstrou potencial para estimar a idade óssea em indivíduos paulistas, independentemente do sexo e da raça. Entretanto, há necessidade de aprimoramentos, particularmente em pacientes mais jovens.
Validation of a deep learning algorithm for bone age estimation among patients in the city of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Serpa Augusto Sarquis , Elias Neto Abrahão , Kitamura Felipe Campos , Monteiro Soraya Silveira , Ragazzini Rodrigo , Duarte Gustavo Antunes Rodrigues , Caricati Lucas André , Abdala Nitamar
Published: December 2023

Abstract Objective: To validate a deep learning (DL) model for bone age estimation in individuals in the city of São Paulo, comparing it with the Greulich and Pyle method. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of hand and wrist radiographs obtained for the determination of bone age. The manual analysis was performed by an experienced radiologist. The model used was based on a convolutional neural network that placed third in the 2017 Radiological Society of North America challenge. The mean absolute error (MAE) and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) were calculated for the model versus the radiologist, with comparisons by sex, race, and age. Results: The sample comprised 714 examinations. There was a correlation between the two methods, with a coefficient of determination of 0.94. The MAE of the predictions was 7.68 months, and the RMSE was 10.27 months. There were no statistically significant differences between sexes or among races (p > 0.05). The algorithm overestimated bone age in younger individuals (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Our DL algorithm demonstrated potential for estimating bone age in individuals in the city of São Paulo, regardless of sex and race. However, improvements are needed, particularly in relation to its use in younger patients.
Organised groups, social activism and narratives of the pandemic in vulnerable territories in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Gutiérrez Adriana Coser , Campos Gastão Wagner de Sousa , Cunha Marcela Silva da , Mattos Mauricio Pereira de , Costa Patricia dos Santos da , Silva Rafaela Oliveira Lopes da , Pereira Ana Carolina dos Santos Rangel , Campos Adilson Rocha , Guerra Cyntia Amorim
Published: December 2023

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has reached alarming levels in Brazil. In Rio de Janeiro city, it arrived in a scenario in which Primary Health Care (PHC) was being dismantled in the midst of a political crisis, which had major impact on the most vulnerable territories. This study examined how favelas and PHC teams organised community-based action and occupy the vacuum left by the lack of public policies. The results form part of the multi-centre qualitative study “Strategies for approaching subjective and social aspects of Primary Care in the pandemic context”, using public guidance documents and 36 in-depth interviews of PHC workers and users, which were categorised into interpretive grids. Co-management initiatives by PHC workers and users were found to have arisen out of organised groups and social activism, to face the pandemic, independently of regulations from the Municipal Health Department and other government bodies. PHC figured as the only public facility in highly vulnerable territories, where armed violence was ongoing even during the pandemic.
The role of community health workers in the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of Peruíbe, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Malinverni Cláudia , Brigagão Jacqueline I. M. , Gervasio Mariana De Gea , Lucena Fabiana Santos
Published: December 2023

Abstract This study examined the role of community health workers in implementation of primary care actions during the COVID-19 pandemic in the municipality of Peruíbe, São Paulo, Brazil. This is a qualitative case study, guided by the theoretical perspective proposed by Lipsky, according to which street-level bureaucrats play a central role in policy implementation. The research tool was semi-structured interviews of two community health agents, a doctor, a nurse and four local health managers. Analysis of the transcripts identified municipal action in three dimensions to address the health crisis: health system organisation; community health workers’ activities; and restoration of primary health care routines. Community health workers were found to play active roles in the various local measures to combat COVID-19.
Primary Health Care and COVID-19 patient care across regions in Brazil
Authors: Mota Paulo Henrique dos Santos , Santana Fabiana Ribeiro , Rizzotto Maria Lucia Frizon , Cury Geraldo Cunha , Giovanella Ligia , Facchini Luiz Augusto , Bousquat Aylene
Published: December 2023

Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the role of PHC in the delivery of care to COVID-19 patients, identifying facilitating factors and constraints to the response of PHC teams to the pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional survey-based study with a nationally representative sample of primary health care centers (PCCs). A total of 907 PCCs from the country’s five regions participated in the study. Data was collected between July and November 2021 using an online survey. The results show that PCCs in the South and Southeast were better prepared to respond to the pandemic in terms of availability of personal protective equipment and communications facilities, while PCCs in the North and Northeast performed better for health surveillance actions, educational activities, contact tracing, case monitoring and notification of cases in the influenza surveillance system. Seventy per cent of PCCs administered COVID-19 vaccines at national level and 28% and 25% had to suspend the first and second doses of the vaccine, respectively. The findings show that primary care services played an important role in the response to the pandemic despite challenges caused by the lack of national coordination.
Continuidade do cuidado e ações no território durante a COVID-19 em municípios de São Paulo, Brasil: barreiras e facilitadores
Authors: Costa Maria Izabel Sanches , Rosa Tereza Etsuko da Costa , Lucena Fabiana Santos , Fernandez Michelle , Duarte Ligia Schiavon , Malinverni Cláudia , Dantas Luzia Aparecida de Albuquerque
Published: December 2023

Resumo A descontinuidade do cuidado e as ações no território na atenção primária à saúde em períodos de pandemia podem resultar em um aumento de complicações agudas, crônicas e mortalidade. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as barreiras e os facilitadores para a continuidade do cuidado e as ações no território durante a pandemia da COVID-19 em municípios do estado de São Paulo. Trata-se de uma análise qualitativa de 37 entrevistas com gestores e profissionais da saúde de seis municípios. Foram identificados dois fatores facilitadores: a existência de um serviço específico para o atendimento de demandas respiratórias relacionadas à COVID-19 e a integração dos profissionais da equipe de saúde antes da pandemia. Evidenciaram-se duas barreiras: frágil estrutura de atenção primária à saúde antes da pandemia e a falta de alinhamento das ações dos profissionais de saúde ao modelo de atendimento comunitário e territorial. Concluiu-se que os municípios que já tinham uma APS estruturada antes da pandemia tiveram menos dificuldade para manter a continuidade do cuidado e as ações no território.
Care continuity and actions in the territory during COVID-19 in São Paulo municipalities, Brazil: barriers and facilitators
Authors: Costa Maria Izabel Sanches , Rosa Tereza Etsuko da Costa , Lucena Fabiana Santos , Fernandez Michelle , Duarte Ligia Schiavon , Malinverni Cláudia , Dantas Luzia Aparecida de Albuquerque
Published: December 2023

Abstract The discontinuity of care and actions in the territory in primary health care during pandemic periods can escalate acute and chronic complications and mortality. In this sense, this article aims to present the barriers and facilitators for care continuity and actions in the territory during the COVID-19 pandemic in São Paulo municipalities. This qualitative analysis was conducted through 37 interviews with health managers and professionals from six municipalities. Two facilitators were identified: the availability of a specific service for attending COVID-19-related respiratory demands and the integration of the health team professionals before the pandemic. Two barriers were identified: a fragile primary healthcare structure before the pandemic and the lack of alignment of health professionals’ actions with the community and territorial care model. We concluded that municipalities with a structured PHC system before the pandemic faced fewer hardships in preserving care continuity and actions in the territory.
A estratégia de resposta da Nova Zelândia à COVID-19: lições aprendidas
Authors: Oliveira Alcione Brasileiro , Chaves Sônia Cristina Lima
Published: December 2023

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as características do sistema de saúde e de vigilância e as medidas adotadas no enfrentamento à pandemia de COVID-19 na Nova Zelândia entre março de 2020 e dezembro de 2021. Revisão integrativa de literatura em que foram incluídos 29 artigos, além da consulta aos sites da OMS, do Banco Mundial e Our World in Data sobre a situação sociodemográfica e econômica do país, bem como testes, óbitos, vacinas e casos novos. Os dados foram importados em formato CSV, e os gráficos, elaborados no software RStudio. As evidências apontam que a Nova Zelândia pode ser considerada um caso de sucesso na resposta à pandemia de COVID-19, sendo um dos países com menor número de óbitos pela doença no mundo. Esse sucesso foi resultado de uma organização do sistema de saúde com rápida ação interna, elevada capacidade de testagem, rastreamento dos contatos, sem chegar ao colapso do sistema de saúde em 2020 e 2021. Apontou também que a população aderiu às condições de confinamento e seguiu as recomendações das autoridades, ainda que com baixa participação da comunidade nas decisões de governo. Há lições importantes que podem ser recomendadas e úteis para uma potencial nova epidemia com vírus desconhecido ou pandemias semelhantes.
Fortalecimento das ações de cuidado às pessoas com obesidade no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19: o caso do Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Thais Fonseca Veloso de , Bortolini Gisele Ane , Carmo Ariene Silva do , Reis Erika Cardoso dos , Neves Felipe Silva , Lima Ana Maria Cavalcante de , Santin Rafaella da Costa , Silva Sara Araújo da , Spaniol Ana Maria , Marinho Paloma Abelin Saldanha , Bressan Lilian Ânima , Medeiros Lorena Gonçalves Chaves , Silva Juliana Rezende Melo da
Published: December 2023

Resumo O presente estudo ecológico descritivo objetivou analisar o papel indutor de um incentivo financeiro federal repassado aos municípios brasileiros em 2020, em meio à pandemia de COVID-19, no aumento do número de atendimentos individuais para a condição de obesidade na atenção primária à saúde (APS). Utilizaram-se dados secundários, obtidos no Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica e no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN). Em 2021, 74,8% dos 5.504 municípios que receberam o incentivo financeiro apresentaram aumento no número de atendimentos individuais para a condição avaliada como obesidade na APS, em relação a 2020. O número de pessoas identificadas com obesidade e o número de atendimentos individuais para esta condição foram maiores em 2021 do que nos demais anos analisados (2017 a 2020). Na comparação de 2021 com 2020 (ano de recebimento do incentivo financeiro), observou-se que o percentual de aumento de atendimentos individuais foi superior ao percentual de aumento de pessoas com obesidade registradas no SISVAN (77,6% vs. 39,1%). Em conclusão, incentivos financeiros federais, canalizados para o fortalecimento do cuidado às pessoas com obesidade no âmbito da APS, figuram como importantes mecanismos de indução de ações em nível local.
RELAXATION TRAINING EFFECTS ON THE MUSCULAR AND TECHNICAL LEVEL OF ATHLETES
Authors: Shubao Li , Dong Han
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction The current teaching of athletes focuses mainly on gaining their skills, often neglecting the beneficial impacts of relaxation on the overall physical quality of its students. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between muscle relaxation training and athletic performance is important. Objective Explore the effect of relaxation training on running athletes’ technical and muscular levels. Methods A comparative experiment was conducted on 40 male and female runners, randomly divided into two groups. Before training, the athletes in the experimental group received relaxation training through the breath regulation method, muscle relaxation method, and independent training method, with 60 minutes in each session, for 6 months. Results Based on the assumption that there was no significant difference in the initial physical indices, the athletes in the experimental group performed better in 100m, 200m, and 300m than those in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Adequate relaxation training positively affects athletes’ muscular endurance and technical level. Therefore, an adequate increase in relaxation training is shown to be conducive in improving the overall physical quality and competitive level of athletes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
MYOARTICULAR RECOVERY AFTER KUNG FU TRAINING
Authors: Wang Lulu , Qin Jingao
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction Kung fu is a Chinese martial art with continuous movements based on step movement and embodied by the transformation of body shapes, requiring the athletes to strengthen the lower limbs. Joint and muscle analysis are critical to verify the strength of athletes’ lower limbs and play a guiding role in evaluating the level of recovery for injured athletes. Objective Explore the myoarticular recovery effect after kung fu training. Methods 24 kung fu athletes were randomly divided into experimental and control groups, with 6 males and 6 females in each group. The athletes in the experimental group received traditional martial training for 60 minutes, while the control group received relaxation training simultaneously. The experiment lasted for 6 months and was performed 6 times a month. Results After kung fu training, the rates of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group. Conclusion Kung fu training positively impacts the athletes’ muscle strength and joint strength. Kung fu training can also improve the level of myoarticular recovery and improve the flexibility of its practitioners. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF SWIMMING PHYSICAL TRAINING BASED ON LIMB STRENGTH
Authors: Xin Zhang
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction Swimming has high criteria for physical ability and movement by athletes. Efficient strength training can not only improve the physical training level of athletes but also increase their sports ability. Therefore, it is an important link in swimming training. Objective Explore the effect of limb strength training on athletes’ fitness in swimming. Methods In this experiment, 20 swimmers majoring in physical education at a university were selected to undergo limb strength training for six weeks. Before and after the sports training, the indices such as thigh circumference, calf circumference, lower limb jumping ability, lower limb maximal strength, and lower limb balance ability of the athletes were measured, and the results of butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, and freestyle in 50m main events were recorded. Results Efficient limb strength training can significantly promote the changes in athletes’ lower limb muscle strength, improve their endurance and explosive power, improve swimmers’ balance ability and movement stability, and significantly improve competitive swimming performance. Conclusion It is necessary to intensify physical strength training in athletes to improve their physical training level and economic performance. This plan can be considered very useful. Level of evidence II;Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
IMPACTS OF LOWER LIMB TRAINING IN BADMINTON
Authors: Liu Zhewei , Wang Lulu
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Badminton is extremely popular among Chinese people, and the development of its training methods is constant. The study of improvement in the training of the lower limbs is the main focus to increase the physical fitness of its practitioners. Objective: Study the effects of a specific lower-limb training protocol on the physical fitness of badminton players. Methods: Twenty-four volunteers were selected from freshmen and sophomore badminton majors in a physical education college. The sample was randomly divided into control and experimental groups with no statistical differences. The control group continued to use the traditional fitness training method, while the experimental group reinforced their training with a lower limb strength protocol. The experiment lasted 6 weeks, consisting of one hour of training thrice a week. Indicators were collected before and after the experiment for statistical analysis. Results: The Illinois sensitivity index was optimized from 17.049 ± 0.9618 to 15.287 ± 0.8146 in the experimental group, with optimization of the blind step index from 4.607 ± 1.2072 to 10.631 ± 5. 3292.4. The 10m return index was optimized from 10.582 ± 0.6085 to 9.853 ± 0.4809, and the reaction action test index was optimized from 1.965 ± 0.1378 to 1.756 ± 0.1378 after the experiment. Conclusion: Increasing the proportion of lower limb training to traditional fitness training can improve athletes’ fitness level and competitive level. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SAFETY IN UNIVERSITY RESIDENTS DURING COVID-19
Authors: Guo Xiaohong , Chen Dongdong
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: COVID-19 has affected physical activities. In the face of the epidemic, challenges arise, such as performing physical activities efficiently and safely, maintaining people's interest in sports, improving the safety of residents’ sports activities, and increasing the number of active sportspeople. Objective: Investigate the safety of physical activities among university residents in COVID-19. Methods: This paper designed a set of questionnaires from three aspects: the distribution of residents’ sports infrastructure, residents’ sports skills, and the safety of residents’ sports activities. A total of 3152 samples were obtained, and Excel software was used for data entry, processing, and analysis. Results: With the standardized development of the prevention and control of COVID-19, the residents’ sports infrastructure was gradually improved. There has been progressed in the distribution of sports facilities, the composition of the underlying surface, the provision of services related to sports activities, and health awareness. According to the survey, the proportion of major injuries among residents was 0.190%; the proportion of moderate multiple injuries was 0.476% after preventive training. The proportion of moderate minor injuries was 3.109%. The proportion of multiple minor injuries was 26.491%; the proportion of minor injuries was 38.642%. At this time, the safety of physical activities in the study area was considered acceptable. Conclusion: Related departments should cooperate with the community to increase college residents’ awareness of sports safety and the importance of training skills by optimizing infrastructure, improving volunteer services, and enhancing publicity to reduce the hidden dangers of sports safety as much as possible. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
EXERCISE PRACTICE BY OBESE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Lili , Duan Hao , Du Hongyi , Wu Xiangzhi
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The epidemic of COVID-19 has harmed the study and life of obese college students. While new research has pointed out that sports can improve body posture and alleviate psychological problems related to obesity. Objective: Explore obese college students’ motivation to play sports and the effects of physical training during COVID-19. Methods: 100 obese college students were selected for the aerobic exercise intervention. Functional and biological indicators were analyzed before and after the experiment. Results: Body shape index, body fat content index, and sports quality index showed expressive changes. The average waist circumference decreased from 99.389 cm to 91.233 cm, an average loss of 8 cm; the average body fat was reduced from 34.644 kg to 30.492 kg after training, with an average decrease of 4 kg; vital capacity increased from 4,416.465 ml before training to 4968.085 ml after the intervention, with an average increase of 500 ml. Conclusion: It can be observed that aerobic exercise helps obese college students to improve their sports motivation, with positive impacts on mental health. The encouragement of sports and engagement in physical exercise tend to strengthen healthy habits, ensuring a better quality of life for college students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
THE PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
Authors: Jiang Xiaoli
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction The isolation policy caused by COVID-19 is plaguing physical exercise behavior, which seems to affect college students’ physical and mental health. Objective Understand the current situation of college students’ exercise behavior during COVID-19, analyzing the physical and mental health status to provide policy guidance on formulating appropriate exercise behavior for college students in the context of the epidemic. Methods 250 students from 20 colleges and universities in China were randomly selected as observation volunteers. The adherents’ exercise-related behavior and physical and mental health were observed and analyzed by questionnaire, and subsequently evaluated according to statistical methods. Results The results showed that exercise motivation, exercise frequency, exercise duration, and exercise items of the surveyed individuals affected the physical and mental health of college students; these effects were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion Under the control of COVID-19, college students should correct their motivation to exercise by choosing their own exercise programs to set a frequency and prolong the duration of exercise to improve their physical and mental health. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigating treatment outcomes.
Análise da tendência nas taxas de detecção de sífilis em gestantes e de incidência de sífilis congênita no Ceará no período de 2015 a 2021
Authors: Rocha Fabiola de Castro , Araújo Maria Alix Leite , Almeida Rosa Livia Freitas de , Rocha Ana Fatima Braga , Canto Surama Valena Elarrat , Silva Ana Patrícia Alves da
Published: December 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a tendência na taxa de detecção de sífilis em gestantes (SG) e na taxa de incidência de sífilis congênita (SC) no estado do Ceará. Métodos: Estudo ecológico que utilizou a técnica da série temporal interrompida para analisar os dados mensais de casos de SG e SC obtidos no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) no período de janeiro de 2015 a julho de 2021. Utilizaram-se o teste de Kernel e a estimativa de Lincoln-Petersen para analisar a significância estatística. Resultados: Em 2015, estimou-se uma taxa de detecção mensal de SG de 5,4 e de incidência de SC de 8,2 por 1 mil nascidos vivos (NV). A implantação da portaria que alterou os critérios de definição de caso de SG e de SC implicou no aumento de 4,9 na taxa de detecção de SG (p<0,0001; IC95% 3,33; 6,61) e na queda de 0,1 na taxa de incidência de SC (p<0,001; IC95% -0,2; -0,1). A pandemia de COVID-19 não impactou na taxa de detecção mensal de SG (p=0,558; IC95% 5,92; 3,22), nem na sua tendência (p=0,7397; IC95% 0,28; 0,3), mas houve aumento de 0,19 na de SC (p<0,001; IC95% 0,1; -0,31). Conclusões: Entre os anos de 2015 e junho de 2021, a tendência na taxa de detecção de SG e na taxa de incidência da SC sofreu impacto das mudanças nos critérios de definição de caso desses agravos propostas pelo Ministério da Saúde e da pandemia de COVID-19.