bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN AKSESORIS DARI LIMBAH KAIN PERCA OLEH IBU-IBU RUMAH TANGGA DESA BLIMBINGAN,BATURAN
Authors: Wahyuningsih Diana Dewi , Asfuri Ninda Beny
Published: August 2020

he village of Blimbingan is one of the villages in Baturan village, Colomadu District, Karanganyar Regency. The Housewives of the village Blimbingan actually have the skill of sewing but the potential they have is not developed. There are 5 handyman in Blimbingan village so that many of the patchwork fabric that should be used, but the citizen of Blimbingan village does not know the benefits of patchwork. Patchwork fabric in Blimbingan village is more often discarded and burned so it pollutes the environment of the surrounding community especially air pollution, and also many still good batik patchwork that should still be utilized to be processed into goods that have a high economic value. The majority of the community of Blimbingan Village are less concerned about environmental issues, they do not know the benefits that will be gained if they are able to utilize patchwork, their view of not the importance of a supposed patchwork cloth should be changed so that they should be adapted by being given socialization and counseling. This community service aims to provide socialization as well as training on making accessories by utilizing patchwork waste in Blimbingan village as well as providing guidance to develop into a productive economic business in order to become a new opportunity for the group of Mothers-Housewives village Blimbingan. The methods used in this activity are by counseling, training, monitoring and mentoring. This community devotion activity is a partner of mother-housewife Group has effectively understood the utilization of waste patchwork for beneficial products such as the manufacture of accessories and many people in need. Knowledge and skills of partners increased by 98%, which was marked by the success of making accessories products.

Keywords: Accessories, Waste patchwork
WORKSHOP PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT)
Authors: Muzdalipah Ipah , Rustina Ratna , El Akbar R. Reza
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari pengabdian ini meningkatkan wawasan dan keterampilan guru-guru di SMK AS-SHOFA dalam mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis ICT. Fakta di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan guru dalam memanfaatkan aplikasi teknologi masih belum cukup memuaskan. Banyak guru yang merasa kesulitan menggunakan ICT sebagai media pembelajaran. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini mengikuti aktivitas pelaksanaan penelitian tindakan yang terdiri dari Persiapan, Pelaksanaan (tindakan), dan refleksi dan evaluasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pengabdian ini adalah Meningkatnya wawasan dan kesadaran guru-guru di SMK As-Shofa tentang pentingnya penggunaan ICT dalam pembelajaran terutama dalam mengimplementasikan Kurtilas, Meningkatnya keterampilan guru-guru di SMK As-Shofa dalam menggunakan ICT dalam media pembelajaran, Guru mampu membuat media pembelajaran berbasis ICT dan menggunakannya dalam pembelajaran.
EVALUASI LAPORAN AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH PADA SATUAN KERJA NON VERTIKAL TERTENTU PENYEDIAAN PERUMAHAN PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Wantah Kezia Princesa , Kalangi Lintje , Tangkuman Steven
Published: August 2020

LAKIP is the government’s accountability for activities carried out within one budget year and as one of the realization of good governance. The community questioned whether the budget used was appropriate or not with what they received.In addition, accountability reports on public sector organizations are only oriented to "output" rather than "outcome". This resulted public sector organizations to pay more attention to value for money that is able to consider inputs, outputs, especially outcomes that underlie the three main elements namely economy, efficiency and effectiveness.This study aims to find out how the SNVT Provision program in North Sulawesi Province is measured using the concept of value for money.The research method used is descriptive qualitative with the results of interviews and data collected, analyzed and conclusions drawn.The results showed that the evaluation of the SNVT program for the Provision of Housing in the Province of North Sulawesi was measured by the concept of value for money for economic measurements achieving good results. However, the measurement for efficiency and effectiveness are not yet optimum as the budget is not fully realized.
Análise de ações empreendedoras na Feira Livre de Messias/AL
Authors: Dias Lucas Victor , Levino Natallya
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do artigo é analisar as ações adotadas pelos comerciantes da feira livre do município de Messias/AL, buscando identificar ações empreendedoras e práticas de gestão. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado em abril de 2018, com a participação de quarenta comerciantes. Verificaram-se fracos indícios de um ambiente propício ao estimulo do empreendedorismo local; inadequada utilização dos recursos pessoais e falho planejamento das atividades organizacionais. Foi observado pouco suporte recebido dos órgãos governamentais para o desenvolvimento da atividade, assim como o de outros agentes locais.  O estudo pode fomentar discussões para a manutenção da feira livre como fomento do desenvolvimento local.
Clima organizacional: um estudo no município de Laurentino
Authors: Porto Scheila Daiana , Vargas Sandra Martins Lohn
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do estudo consiste em analisar o Clima Organizacional da Secretaria Municipal de Assistência Social de Laurentino, Santa Catarina. O desenvolvimento de um Clima Organizacional é um dos maiores desafios dos atuais gestores, tanto na esfera privada, quanto na esfera pública. O estudo emprega a abordagem qualitativa, além da pesquisa de campo e das pesquisas exploratória, descritiva e bibliográfica. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante a aplicação de um questionário baseado nos Modelos de Lickert (1961), Litwim e Stinger (1968) e Colossi (1991), com seis servidores. Os resultados apresentam falhas significativas pertinentes à comunicação, condições de trabalho, relação com a chefia, remuneração e crescimento profissional.
Desafios e oportunidades para manutenção da ISO 9001/2015 em uma empresa de mineração do Vale do Jequitinhonha
Authors: Siqueira Nilton Ramalho , Santos Nayara Teixeira , Júnior Ismael Mendes dos Santos , Rodrigues Lucas Pazolini Dias
Published: August 2020

O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar os desafios e oportunidades para manutenção do processo de gestão da qualidade ISO 9001/2015 em uma empresa de mineração localizada na região do Vale do Jequitinhonha. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado a cinquenta funcionários da empresa. O desenvolvimento desta pesquisa permitiu compreender como a empresa certificada pelo ISO 9001, obtém vantagens e enfrenta seus desafios. Foi possível constar que os maiores desafios encontrados pela empresa para a manutenção da norma ISO 9001 de 2015, foram: resistência a mudanças por parte dos funcionários; baixa escolaridade dos funcionários; burocratização; treinamento da equipe: ansiedade por resultados.  Palavras-chave: Desafios.  Manutenção ISO 9001. Mineração.
JBS em foco: o que as demonstrações financeiras falam?
Authors: Dias Nataniele Pereira , Huppes Cristiane Mallmann , Lopes Antonio Carlos Vaz , Noriller Rafael Martins
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo analisa os relatórios: Balanço Patrimonial, Demonstração do Resultado do Exercício e Notas Explicativas, da empresa JBS, no período de 2008 a 2017, com intuito de observar o desempenho patrimonial e financeiro. De caráter descritivo, de procedimento documental, os dados foram organizados e calculados os índices em planilhas de Excel. Tendo por base os índices de liquidez, rentabilidade e lucratividade, a empresa obteve resultados com perspectivas crescentes de retornos. A participação de capital de terceiros foi significativa e decisiva no crescimento da empresa, possibilitando a expansão e consolidação mundial.
Formas de financiamento de insumos no cultivo da soja: análise das modalidades Barter, capital próprio e financiamento de terceiros
Authors: Scremin Nathália , Camargo Bruna Faccin , Zanatta Jocias Maier , Halberstadt Ismael Alan , Scherer Flavia Luciane
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho delineou como objetivo analisar as modalidades de financiamento de insumos na produção da soja em duas propriedades, a partir da ótica dos custos, a fim de identificar a alternativa de maior viabilidade financeira. A pesquisa classificou-se como descritiva e qualitativa, utilizando-se das técnicas de estudo de caso e da pesquisa documental para levantar dados de uma propriedade rural nas últimas quatro safras. Os resultados revelaram que os insumos representam uma parcela significativa dos custos totais (55%), e foi possível concluir que o produtor necessita considerar no planejamento agrícola a avaliação das opções para custeio e as condições do mercado para a cultura da soja.
Editorial
Authors: Moraes Joysi
Published: August 2020

Editorial
Effects of P-MAPA as Immunomodulator on Markers for Energy Metabolism in Bladder Cancer
Authors: J. Fávaro Wagner , K. Böckelmann Petra , V. Garcia Patrick , A.R. Socca Eduardo , Durán N.
Published: August 2020

Introduction This study characterized and compared cellular energetic metabolism features in the treatment of chemically induced non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in Fischer 344 rats that were submitted to intravesical immunotherapies with P-MAPA (Protein aggregate magnesium-ammonium phospholinoleate-palmitoleate anhydride) and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG).
Methods Rat urinary bladder samples from Control, NMIBC (Cancer), NMIBC+BCG and NMIBC+P-MAPA groups were submitted to histopathological and western blotting analyses for the following proteins: GLUT 1, PFK, GAPDH, HADHSC, β-F1-ATPase, AMPK and mTOR.
Results P-MAPA Intravesical treatment was effective in tumor regression and histologic recovery of the urinary bladder in the NMIBC. There was a significant increase in protein levels of GLUT 1, mTOR, GAPDH and HADHSC in the NMIBC+P-MAPA group. It was observed an increase in protein levels of PFK and β-F1-ATPase and a significant reduction in protein levels of AMPk in the NMIBC group.
Conclusions Our results showed that immunotherapy with P-MAPA may be an alternative in the treatment of NMIBC, especially in cases where BCG therapy failure, as evidenced by the effect of P-MAPA on tumor regression.
Strategic Management of HRM: Implications for Organizational Engagement
Authors: Odhiambo Ogutu Joseph
Published: August 2020

The current study attempted to examine the relationship between some of the strategic HR factors and how they can enhance organizational engagement. Therein, the study strives to explore how training opportunities that can be strategically useful for employees can enhance their organizational engagement. Accordingly, the study also tested how career development opportunities that employees deem to be viable for them in the long run would relate with their organizational engagement. The study sampled employees from the manufacturing sector in Bahrain and reported significant impact of employee training opportunities with organizational engagement. Accordingly, the study also reported significant relationship between career development opportunities provided by the organizations and their organizational engagement. The study therefore concluded that organizations could help enhance employees` connectivity with the company through providing healthy training and career growth opportunities that they will perceive to be useful for them strategically. The paper presents notable implications for HRM practitioners.
Managing the Profitability Performance of the Banks: Exploring the Antecedents through Case Examination of MCB Bank
Authors: Shaikh Maria , Shaikh Sumra , Benghal Ghazala , Shaikh Haseeb Haleem , Shah Nadeem Juman
Published: August 2020

Debt financing has been used as an instrument of filling the budget deficits both in the private and public sector. Over the years it has gained popularity and it is now a common phenomenon to find in the finical reports of most companies’ extent of debt. The contribution Advances and deposits are crucial for all banks. This research is aimed to judge impact of debt, investments, Advances, Equity, Taxes and deposits on profitability of banks. This research is aimed at identify impact of major factors on profitability of Muslim commercial bank of Pakistan (MCB) covering the period from 2011 to 2016 Secondary data was used from annual financial reports and from the website of Muslim commercial bank of Pakistan (MCB) and state bank of Pakistan. This research study is descriptive and correlative in nature. The data then analysed through multiple regression analysis in electronic views (e-views) in order to measure if there exists any relationship between bank profitability and leverage. Debt, Advances, Investment Equity and Taxes selected as independent variables and profitability as dependent variable in order to examine the effects of debt, Advances, Equity and Taxes on firm performance. The findings of the research are significant as per hypothetical relationship. The study revealed that bank advances, investments and equity has a positive effect on profitability whereas Taxes affects negatively to the profitability of MCB. The regression results show that Advances, Investments and equity which is independent variable is significant variable of profitability the dependent variable. Its significant at.000 level of significance as the p-value shows.
Financial Well-being Among Employees Working in the Pharmaceutical SMEs in Indonesia
Authors: Shah Muzafar Hussain , Matloob Sheema , Shah Saeed Abbas , Abbas Syed Iradat
Published: August 2020

Well-being has a major contribution to the prosperity and strong economy system of any country. There are several factors that possibly improve employee well-being including income and family background and education level. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of income and family background with education level as an intervening variable. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the targeted respondents. Structural equation modeling through Smart PLS was applied to test the proposed research hypotheses. The findings demonstrate that Income and family background have a positive impact on the well-being of SMEs operating in pharmaceutical SMEs industry in Indonesia. This study will help to comprehend the importance of income and family background on well-being in SMEs and provide guidance to capitalize it prudently. This research contributes to the existing literature by investigating effect of income, family background and education level on well- being of pharmaceutical manufacturing SMEs in Indonesia.
Strategic Management of HRM Practices and Innovation Performance in the High Tech Fiberglass Sector in Bahrain: Mediating Role of Organizational Innovation
Authors: Ogalo Habil Slade
Published: August 2020

Growing use of fiberglass admixture in construction along with automotive industries has escalated demand of fiberglass among the firms and fueling them with the innovational strategy in order to be competitive. Fiberglass businesses being one of the high-tech sectors have to consider many domains. Although, due to the inflexibility of employees, the absence of innovative atmosphere and monopolistic composition, employees are unwilling to be innovative in organizations. The current study argued that strategic management of new HRM practices through enhancing more skillful, talented, committed, motivated can further innovation and innovational employees that helps in higher productivity of the organization. However, to demonstrate this connection is insufficient in terms of empirical evidence. Consequently, the main objective of this investigation to examine role of strategic management of New HRM practices on innovation performance followed by the mediation of organizational innovation. Data has collected from Bahrain’s manufacturing sector of fiberglass that came up with significant positive association between the endogenous and exogenous variables.
KONFLIK AGRARIA DAN DISINTEGRASI BANGSA: TANTANGAN KEAMANAN NASIONAL INDONESIA
Authors: Matondang Erlinda
Published: August 2020

Di beberapa negara, perpecahan terjadi karena politisasi terhadap perbedaan yang pada awalnya justru mendasari terbentuknya suatu negara. Indonesia merupakan negara dengan keanekaragaman suku, ras, dan agama. Sebagai negara yang mempunyai keanekaragaman masyarakat, Indonesia sangat rentan terhadap berbagai konflik, salah satunya adalah konflik agraria. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara konflik agraria dan disintegrasi bangsa serta posisinya dalam sistem keamanan nasional Indonesia. Dengan kata lain, objek dari artikel ini adalah hubungan antara konflik agraria dan disintegrasi bangsa serta posisi keduanya dalam sistem keamanan nasional Indonesia. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi pustaka. Hasil pengamatan dalam artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa konflik agraria dapat memicu perpecahan di antara masyarakat dan menurunkan legitimasi terhadap pemerintah. Peluang disintegrasi atau perpecahan yang disebabkan oleh konflik agraria ditentukan oleh dimensi subjek-objek dan kebijakan pemerintah. Selain itu, konflik agraria dapat ditempatkan sebagai salah satu ancaman terhadap keamanan nasional Indonesia. Setidaknya ada empat alasan untuk menarik kesimpulan ini, yaitu subjek dan objek konflik merupakan bagian dari komponen fisik negara yang harus dijaga, tumpang-tindih kebijakan (komponen institusional negara) yang menjadi salah satu penyebab munculnya konflik, adanya isu SARA, dan sikap anarkhis yang kerapkali dianggap sebagai solusi terbaik.

Kata Kunci : agraria, disintegrasi, keamanan nasional, konflik
THE ROLE OF MENTAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDONESIAN NAVY’S FIRST FLEET TO INCREASE THE OPERATION READINESS OF THE NAVY OFFICER
Authors: Sitorus Musa Hotmatua , Suryanta Apri , Adi Sunarno
Published: August 2020

Article 9 of Indonesian Law No. 34 year 2004 concerning Indonesian Defence Forces (TNI) rendering the Navy the task of maritime defense and security that requires of main equipment and weaponry system (Alutsista) such as Indonesian Warship (KRI). The Navy officer as the man who operate the warship requires a fit level of physical and mental to be able to execute the tasks optimally. One thing that is very important in maintaining and developing the mental readiness of navy officer is mental development. In the TNI Commander Decision No. Kep/940/XI/2017 dated November 21, 2017 concerning the Parental Guidelines for the TNI Mental Development Pinaka Baladika stated that the TNI mental development has a strategic role, task and function in building the capability and strength of the TNI for a strong national defense. The object of this research is the implementation of mental development in the First Fleet Command Headquarters, Indonesian Navy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the design of mental development that is conducted in the First Fleet Command Headquarters, Indonesian Navy. The analysis of the article is using role theory as the main theory which according to Levinson that roles related with three things, namely position or status, organization, and behavior. This study uses a qualitative methodology which primary data was obtained by interviews with officials at the First Fleet Command Headquarters who have duties for arranging, managing, executing, and evaluating mental development, and adding with navy officer representation. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained by literature studies such as books, journals, magazines, letter of decisions, and etc. Data processing techniques was carried out by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions, using tools equipment NVIVO 12 plus for data coding. In this research, it was found that mental development at the First Fleet Command Headquarters had not managed its role optimally. One of the indicator is there are no position of a mental psychology officer, mental ideological officer, and mental traditional tradition officer in the organizational structure of First Fleet Command HQ. Mental development activities had not managed in accordance with the principles of modern management, especially in the planning level.

Keywords: mental development, operation readines, first fleet command, Indonesian Navy, motivation.
Zakat Regulation as a Reduction of Income Tax in Indonesia
Authors: Marpaung Arifin
Published: August 2020

Zakat is one part of the rules of social security in Islam, in a deeper and broader scope, which includes aspects of material and spiritual life. Zakat is also a financial, economic, social, political, moral and religious system at the same time. Zakat as a financial and economic system, because it is a specified property tax. Zakat is a financial source of baitul mall in Islam that is continuous. Zakat as a social system, because it functions to save people from various weaknesses, overcome various disasters and accidents, provide humanitarian assistance, who are helping those who do not have, the strong help the weak. Zakat and tax are the material obligations of a citizen of his country and are a source of state income used to finance state expenses and needs. the position of zakat cannot be replaced by taxation. the problem in Indonesia where the majority of the population is Muslim, in addition to being obligatory zakat they are also burdened with various taxes, so that a middle way can be taken,namely reducing the amount of tax by the amount of zakat that has been paid. Thus a taxpayer can still pay obligations as citizens and continue to fulfill their religious obligations.
Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin for Prophylaxis of PPH Used During Caesarean Section: An Open Label Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Nahaer MK , Nurunnobi AKM , Talukder SI , Ferdousy H , Sharmin F , Islam GMR , Parvin R
Published: August 2020

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality; uterineatony is the most important cause. Uterotonics are used to prevent uterine atony. Carbetocin,a synthetic anallague of oxytocin seems to be an effective and safe new drug for preventionof PPH after caesarean

The Aim of Study:To find out the efficacy and safety of carbetocin over oxytocin for theprevention of PPH during caesarean section.Patients and Methods: A randomized-controlled trial was conducted in the Dept. of Obs &Gyane, Rangpur Medical College and Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh over a period of twelvemonths from June 2016 to June 2017. One hundred admitted patients undergoing cesareansection at term were randomized into two groups receiving either 10 IU oxytocin or 100 μgcarbetocin after caesarean section. Outcome measures such as primary PPH, massiveblood loss, need for additional uterotonic drug, additional blood transfusion as well as adverseeffects were all documented.

Results: Massive blood loss occurred in 6% patients, blood transfusion needed in 20% patientsand additional uterotonic needed for 36% patients in Oxytocin group but in Carbetocin groupno massive blood lossoccurred, only 2%patients needed immediate blood transfusion and4% patients were required additional uterotonics. There were no major adverse effectsobserved in both the groups. No patients had developed PPH in carbetocin group. But 8%(4)patients had developed PPH in oxytocin group.

Conclusion: Carbetocin appears to be an effective new drug than Oxytocin for the preventionof postpartum hemorrhage following caesarean section.

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018; Vol. 33(2) : 113-118
B55 Fetus Papyraceous - A Case Report With Maternal Coagulopathy And Successful Maternal and Fetal Outcome
Authors: Mina Mst Nazmunnaher , (Shuchi) Ferdous Ara , Khanum Afroza , Islam Tahsin , Sultana Sabiha , Jahan Ummul Nusrat , Begum Sufia
Published: August 2020

Fetus papyraceous is defined as a compressed fetus, mummified, parchment-like remainsof a dead twin or triplet that is retained in-utero after intrauterine death in the second trimester.We report a case of one fetus papyraceous with maternal coagulopathy and no maternaland fetal complications in the post-partum period.

Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018; Vol. 33(2) : 160-163
Metabolic Syndrome: The Current Concept
Authors: Razzak Md Abdur , Rahman Md Mustafizur
Published: August 2020

Abstract not available

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 89-90
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Border Guard Bangladesh Personnel
Authors: Wahab Md Abdul , Rahman Md Mustafizur , Razzak Md Abdur , Rahman Md Habibur , Parvin Mimi , Zafreen Farzana
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifaceted syndrome comprises a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and is strongly associated with developing diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Prevalence of MetS differs in different ethnic population by using different definition.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of the MetS and its component risk factors among Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) personnel working in Chattagram Hill Tract (CHT).

Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to February 2018 among 1455 male BGB personnel aged between 40 to 59 years and working in CHT of Bangladesh. Study subjects were selected at BGB hospital, Guimara, Khagrachari. The new International Diabetes Federation (IDF) guidelines were used to identify MetS. Detail history, clinical examination, anthropometry and blood pressure (BP) were measured and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and lipid profile were assessed.

Results: Among the 1455 respondents’ BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic BP were found more than normal in 34.1, 37.7, 16.4% and 12.3% respectively. Biochemical parameters including FPG, TC, TG, and LDL-C was raised in 28.7%, 49.8%, 52.2% and 37.7% of respondents respectively. HDL-C was found decreased in 26.9% respondents. Age wise prevalence of MetS for age group 40-44, 45-49, 50-54 and 55- 59 years were found 21.3%, 21.7%, 24.1% and 26.1% of the respondents respectively. The overall prevalence of MetS was found 22.4%.

Conclusion: The prevalence of the MetS in BGB personnel was found 22.4%. Appropriate measure should be taken to lower the MetS cases.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 97-100
Association of Smokeless Tobacco with Coronary Heart Diseases
Authors: Ahmad Jamil , Pasha AKM Mustafa Kamal , Islam Md Ziaul , Kabir SM Humayan
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Coronary heart diseases (CHDs) are one of the leading killers in our country. Both smoking and smokeless tobacco (SLT) are major risk factors for CHDs. Bangladesh is one of the top-ranked countries in the world regarding SLT users.

Objectives: To determine the relation between smokeless tobacco uses and CHDs.

Materials and Methods: This case-control observational study was conducted at the outpatientdepartment of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital from July 2017 to June 2018 among selected 62 adultcoronary heart diseasepatients (Cases) and 62 age and sex-matched non-CHDs patients (Controls).

Results: In Cases; 61.3% of respondents were male and mean age was 51.56 + 11.46 years. In Controls; 56.5 % respondents were male and mean age was 48.15 ± 12.53 years. Among the CHDs cases 19 (30.6%) was SLT users but in non-CHD cases it was only 10(16.1%) and this difference was not statistically significant. All the SLT users in CHDs Controlswere longduration users and majority uses Gul or Jorda.

Conclusion: Number of SLT users was more in CHDs Cases than non-CHD Controls but this difference was not statistically significant. Further studies with more sample size are recommended to find the relation between SLT users and CHDS.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 106-108
Post-operative Recovery of Morbidly Obese Patients under General Anaesthesia Using Desflurane versus Sevoflurane
Authors: Alam Md Mahbub Ul , Patwary Abhay , Sultana Most Sarmin , Md Nurunnabi - , Wahab Md Abdul
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is commonly performed under general anaesthesia. LSG operation has become one of the most effective treatments of morbidly obese patients. There are several modalities of inducing and maintenance of general anaesthesia (GA).

Objectives: To compare the post-operativerecovery of morbidly obese patient using desflurane versus sevoflurane with remifentanyl infusion as maintenance of anaesthesia.

Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized singlecentre analytic study was carried out in Jaber Al Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait from July 2015 to July 2017. Total 60 morbidly obese patients(BMI>40kg/m2) undergoing LSG under GA were randomly selected into two equal groups(Group-A and Group-B).Group-A received desflurane, Group-B received sevoflurane and both groups receivedremifentanyl infusion as maintenance of GA. To maintain hemodynamic stability and bispectral index score in the range of 40-60, using volatile anaesthetic either desflurane 2-6% or sevoflurane 1-2% with airand oxygen 50: 50 during maintenance. Early recovery criteria were response to painful stimuli,obeying verbal command, spontaneous eye-opening, extubation time, handgrip, and orientation assessed by answering name and location. Intermediate recovery was assessed by modified Aldrete’sscore at PACU.

Results: No significant differences in perioperative heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressurewas found between two groups. Group-A patients had significantly faster eye-opening (9.7±4.3 vs 18.5±6.6),voluntary head rising on command (3.46±2.1 vs 7.38±4.52) shorter extubation time(12.2±8.1 vs 24.2±12), and orientation in time(16.2±8.2 vs 31.2±12.9)as compared to Group-B.

Conclusion: Volatile anaestheticdesflurane provided better post-operative recovery than sevoflurane in morbidly obese patients undergoing LSG with GA.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 116-119
Injury Pattern among Bangladesh Army Recruits during Initial Training
Authors: Mohammad Mohsin - , Md Shahidullah - , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Kabir SM Humayan
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The recruit training period is the most formative part of a soldier’s life, full of both mental and physical challenges. They have to perform rigorous events under stressful conditions for a prolonged time. So they remain more vulnerable to injuries with their varied physical capabilities. Keeping in view the lack of injury data regarding recruit training in Bangladesh, scientific studies in this field bear immense importance. Objectives: To identify the common injuries encountered by recruits as well as the extent of the problem due to trainingrelated injuries and also to ascertain probable determinants for such injuries.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from 1st January to 30th June 2012 in two training centres of Bangladesh Army. From all the 575 recruits undergoing training there, those reported sick or hospitalized and diagnosed as a case of training-related injury by a medical officer were taken in the sample. Interview schedule and checklist were used to collect data from 109 sample recruits.

Results: Among total of 575 recruits 109 sustained injury at least once and 21 of them also sustained second injury. Lower extremity was found mostly (89%) affected and majority57.7% suffered from overuse injury. By diagnosis shin splint cases were the highest 36.7%. Among all the events highest 16.5% recruits were injured during participating in games and sports. The occurrence of injury was most (32.1%) during first four weeks of training. Among injured recruits 10.1% gave history of past injury which was found having statistically significant association with frequency of injury.

Conclusion: Injury is a major impediment to recruit training. So, injury reduction through risk identification and appropriate intervention is imperative.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 123-126
Study on 46 XY Disorders of Sex Development
Authors: Jesmin Eva , Mohsin Fauzia , Begum Nurun Nahar Fatema
Published: August 2020

Introduction: 46 XY disorders of sexual development (DSD) include a wide sphere of phenotypes which can be ambiguous male genitalia with or without hypospadias, unambiguous female genitalia or dysgenetic gonads or any combination of them. Management of these patients depends on the aetiology, age at presentation, gender orientation and advancement in feminization.

Objectives: To assess the clinical, biochemical, radiological and chromosomal profile of the paediatric patients with suspected DSD attending a tertiary level healthcare centre and plan for appropriate management.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 30 cases of 46XY DSD attending the paediatric endocrine unit of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital from May 2016 to April 2017. Clinical, biochemical, radiological and chromosomal evaluations were done to identify the cause of DSD.

Results: The mean age of the patients recruited in the study was 3.51 (±5.03) years ranging from 13 days old to 13 years old. Among these 30 patients, the chief complaint was ambiguous genitalia in 29 (96.7%) cases, 1 (3.3%) case with Micropenis and 1 (3.3%) case with absence of development of secondary sexual characteristics. The gender of rearing was male in 23 (76.7%) cases and rest as female. Among the patients 5 (16.67%) patients were diagnosed with PAIS, 5 (16.67%) patients with CAIS, 3 (10%) patients had a deficiency of 5αRD and gonadal dysgenesis was found in 5 (16.67%) patients. The corrective surgery was done in 5(16.67%) patients, 16 (53.3%) patients referred to surgeon for operative treatment and 7(23.3%) patients were prescribed to administer testosterone.

Conclusions: The early presentation, correct identification of the cause and initiation of cause-based treatment can abate the physical and psychosocial complications and may support better gender orientation related adjustability.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 134-138
Oral Health Status among Tobacco Users of Selected Rural Population
Authors: Uddin Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh , Jewel Mehedi Hasan
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for the development of oral cancer in developing countries. The prevalence of tobacco use is the highest amongst poor people of low educational background. Cancer of oral cavity is the commonest cancer in our country and ranked 5th among male and 4th in female.

Objectives: To assess the oral health status among tobacco users in a selected rural population of Dhamrai and Saturia Upazilla in Dhaka district.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from 1st November 2018 to 15th January 2019. Non-probability purposive sampling was done and data was collected from 445 respondents.

Results: Among the respondents, 26% were day laborer and 24% were businessmen with family income were between Tk 5000-Tk 10000. About 78.65% of the respondents have tobacco smoking habit among them 75% had current tobacco chewing habit as jarda. 69.21% of the respondents did not complain of any oral problems. Oral health status among the current tobacco smokers and chewers showed that they had dental stain (90.78%), dental plaque (65.17%), dental calculus (44.49%), dental carries (53.03%), bad breathing smell (75%), soft tissue inflammation (23.82%), loose teeth (26.74%) and ulceration (8.54%) in their oral cavity.

Conclusion: Tobacco control protects the rights and health of non-smokers, specially babies, children, youth and pregnant women. The dangers posed to oral health from smoking and chewing tobacco are well documented but the lack of knowledge of the risks is a concern. So oral health should be given great importance from childhood and dental checkup should be done regularly. The general people should be made aware of it through various mass media.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 144-147
Aetio-pathology of Epistaxis: A Study of 165 Cases
Authors: Khan Md Ahsanuzzaman , Wahab Md Abdul , Alam Md Monsur , Tabassum Taniza
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Epistaxis or nose bleeding is an intensely common problem all over the world. It affects almost all age groups of people. In human life span, up to 60% of the people will experience epistaxis and only 6% of them seek medical attention.

Objectives: To find out the aetio-pathological factors of epistaxis and to observe its outcome.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery (ENT) at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Chattogram from January 2013 to December 2016 and in CMH, Dhaka from January 2017 to July 2019 among 165 patients who reported with complaints of nose bleeding to the ENT Outpatient Department or Emergency unit of the aforementioned hospitals. The cases were diagnosed on the basis of history, clinical examination, radiological and laboratory investigations and the data regarding aetiopathological factors, outcome of the epistaxis were recorded.

Results: The study reveals that the incidence of epistaxis was 14.32% (165 of 1152 patients) with male predominance 70% with a mean age of incidence at 34.44 years. High incidence was noted in the month of December (25) and February (18) where average temperature was 25.03°C and average humidity 79.06% which were typical in cold weather. Low incidence was found in April (7) and October (7) where range of temperature was 26.5°C to 28.2°C and humidity 75.16% to 78.90% respectively. Majority 65.45% reported with bilateral bleeding, 75.76% reported first time, 70.90% of cases had anterior epistaxis. The commonest aetiology was trauma 40% and nasal mass was found in 7.27% cases. Majority 87.27% of patients were treated successfully by nonsurgical/non-interventional method.

Conclusion: Epistaxis is found in all age groups, mostly observed in the third and fourth decade of life with male predominance. With a proper diagnosis, prompt intervention and vigilance, epistaxis can be treated conservatively in maximum cases.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 156-159
Immunoglobulin Pattern in Monoclonal Gammopathy Disorders
Authors: Tarek Monwar , Rahman Latifa , Giti Susane , Wahab Md Abdul
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The presence of abnormal monoclonal proteins, the M band, is a frequent characteristic feature of plasma cell dyscrasias and is usually detected as a discrete band in the γ or β region in serum or urine protein electrophoresis. It is characterized and confirmed by immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE). Accurate detection and quantification of monoclonal immunoglobulins are important for the diagnosis and management of monoclonal gammopathies.

Objectives: To find out the pattern of immunoglobulin in monoclonal gammopathy cases and evaluate the role of IFE in the detection of them.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Haematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka from July 2015 to December 2015. Thirty diagnosed cases of monoclonal gammopathies of both sexes were selected. Bone marrow examination, serum protein electrophoresis, skeletal survey, relevant biochemical test and IFE were performed for all the cases.

Results: Out of 30 monoclonal gammopathy cases, M band was identified in 24(80%) cases by serum protein electrophoresis but by the IFE M band was found in all 30(100%) cases. Among the M band pattern of immunoglobulin was characterized by IFE and the result was; 15(50%) cases IgG Kappa, 09(30%) cases IgG Lambda, 02(6.7%) cases IgA Kappa, 02(6.7%) cases IgM Kappa and 02(6.7%) cases light chain kappa monoclonal protein.

Conclusion: Though the number of the patient was limited, it is evident that in 20% gammopathy cases M band was missing by conventional serum protein electrophoresis but IFE could identify M band in all the cases. It is recommended that IFE should be carried out in all monoclonal gammopathy patients.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 160-163
Socio-demographic Determinants of Hypovitaminosis D
Authors: Rahman Abu Hasanat Md Habibur , Zafreen Farzana , Nazneen Lubna , Wahab Md Abdul
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is a silent but very devastating health issue throughout the world. Socio-demographic factors have some role on the issue.

Objectives: To determine the sociodemographic determinants of hypovitaminosis D among the clients attending specialized hospitals.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 264 respondents attended the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Dhaka Cantonment for estimation of 25(OH) D within the period of July 2017 to June 2018.

Results: Respondentsmeanage was 48.23±14.05 years and themajority (68.56%) were female among themhalf (49.72%) were menopausal. All the clients were educated and majority (68.18%) had crossed the level of higher secondary. The mean ± SD of monthly family income was Taka 68824.46±23.92 and majority (57.57%) were from higher socioeconomic group. A large portion (47.35%) of the respondents was housewives followed by (26.56%) government employee. The mean± SD level of 25(OH) D of total population was 50.01±29.93 nmol/L butamong the male and female it was 50.86±28.61 nmo/L and 49.60±26.19 nmol/L respectively. Menopausal women (48.03±28.11 nmol/L) had significantly(p <0.05) less vitamin D than non-menopausal women (52.32±23.96 nmol/L) butupper-income group (52.47+23.12 nmol/L) found significantly (p <0.05) higher vitamin D than lower socioeconomic group (46.32+16.78 nmol/L). The fare skinned respondents (54.46 + 28.24 nmol/L)) had significantly(p<0.01) higher level of vitamin D than dark-skinned persons (42.59 + 16.79 nmol/L). The overall hypovitaminosis D was 84.84%.

Conclusion: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was too high and sociodemographic determinants have a significant impact on vitamin D level. Effective measures need to be taken at all level to overcome nutritional disorder.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 173-176
Awareness and Misconception about HIV/AIDS Transmission among Selected Bangladesh Army Troops
Authors: Mahmud Syed Naufel , Irfan SM Nurul
Published: August 2020

Introduction: AIDS is a fatal illness that breaks down the body’s immune system, leaving the victim vulnerable to lifethreatening opportunistic infections, neurological disorders or unusual malignancies, having no effective treatment till now.

Objectives: To assess the awareness and misconception about the transmission of HIV/AIDS among the troops of Bangladesh Army.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2011 to December 2011 among purposively selected 125 troops of various Army units of Dhaka Cantonment, Bangladesh. Data were collected by face-to-face interview by pretested structured questionnaire and analyzed by software SPSS version 17.0.

Results: Among the 125 respondents, most (92%) of them were aware of the transmission of HIV/AIDS and having no significant misconception of its transmission. No association has been found between knowledge of HIV transmission and type of occupation.

Conclusion: Most of the troops of the Bangladesh Army were aware of the transmission of HIV/AIDS and misconception among them was very less. The authority should continue thus status for the betterment of the country.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 180-182
Prevalence of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases among Selected Military Personnel of Bangladesh
Authors: Rustom ATMA , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Iqbal Syed Asif , Hasan Mohammad Nazmul Amin
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Bangladesh has been increasing as seen by various studies conducted across the country. Reliable data regarding modifiable risk factors of CVDs like body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol levels are not available pertaining to military personnel.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of risk factors for CVDs among adult military personnel of a selected unit of the Bangladesh Army.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 835 adult participants from July 2018 to December 2018 in a military unit of Bangladesh Army. BP, BMI, fasting blood total cholesterol and sugar was assessed as per the standard procedure. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics was collected using a pretested questionnaire. New American College of Cardiology guidelines-2017 used for categorization of hypertension and WHO criteria were used for grading obesity. Fasting blood sugar levels ≥ 126 mg/dl and total cholesterol> 200 mg/dl considered as increased.

Results: Among the study population, 91% were non-smoker, 82% were married but stayed away from family and 85.3% were taking more fatty food. Only 6.2% of participants have given the history of taking extra salt. Prevalence of obesity raised serum cholesterol, and raised blood sugar were 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.6% respectively. Prevalence of pre-obese was 15.2% and stage-1 hypertensionwas 39.2%among 30-44 years’ age group.

Conclusion: The high prevalence of stage-1 hypertension and its association with overweight in this young, physically active military population indicates an urgent need for targeted interventions to reduce the cardiovascular risk for a healthy life.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 186-189
Management of Ganglion: Comparative Study between Surgical Excision and Aspiration followed by Intralesional Steroid Injection
Authors: Uddin Md Nasir , Rahman Munshi Md Mojibur , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Hossain SM Shakhwat
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Ganglions are tense, smooth, cystic transilluminant swellings. They are the commonest soft tissue swelling of the hand and most commonly found on the dorsum of the wrist. At present aspiration or surgery are the management options of Ganglion. To improve the outcome of treatment some advocated aspiration combined with steroid injection into the cyst.

Objectives: To compare pain relief, cosmetic results and recurrence rate in the management of ganglion with aspiration followed by intralesional steroid (triamcinolone acetate) injection and surgical excision.

Materials and Methods: Prospective interventional control trial was performed from October 2016 to October 2017. Fifty patients were treated in two groups in group A (33 patients), aspiration followed by intralesional steroid (triamcinolone acetate) injection and group B (17 patients) surgical excision was performed on. Follow up of patients were done on at one, three and six months after treatment up to 1 year.

Results: In group A out of 33 patients, pain relief was in all 33 (100%) patients, there was no scar mark and only in 4 (12.12%) patients there was recurrence which was managed by repeating the procedure. In group B, out of 17 patients, pain relief was in 15 (88.23%), 17(100%) patients had linear scar mark, 1(5.8%) patient had hypertrophic scar and 02 (11.76%) patients had recurrence which was managed with intralesional steroid as group A.

Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 190-192