bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Tyrannicide Citizen in Fifth-Century BCE Athens
Authors: McGlew James
Published: February 2021

Résumé Longtemps après que les tyrans avaient cessé de présenter pour Athènes un danger réel et actuel, la tyrannie et le tyrannicide continuaient d’occuper l’imagination et le discours public de la démocratie athénienne. La réaction (réelle ou revue et corrigée) des Athéniens à la tyrannie leur offrait un modèle puissant (bien qu’imaginaire) leur permettant d’identifier et de contrôler les élites et dirigeants aux ambitions inquiétantes. Cette souplesse conceptuelle était évidemment un avantage de la démocratie athénienne. Mais, de façon tout aussi importante, le tyrannicide jouait un rôle dans la manière dont les Athéniens comprenaient la citoyenneté démocratique. Le tyrannicide marquait le potentiel de tout citoyen amené à protéger la démocratie en cas de menace, potentiel qui sous-tendait ses responsabilités et pouvoirs civiques. En outre, comme le soutient la présente communication, le souvenir et la célébration des tyrannicides Harmodius et Aristogiton, de leur accomplissement et, surtout, de leur relation offraient aux Athéniens un récit public illustrant les concepts d’amitié et d’égalité qui donnaient un cadre à leur vie politique de tous les jours.
Le Royaume-Uni et la normalisation à l’heure du Brexit
Authors: Peyrat Olivier , Costes Alain
Published: February 2021

La normalisation volontaire européenne (les normes EN) apporte depuis 35 ans une contribution majeure à la construction du marché unique européen en faisant disparaître les particularismes nationaux, grâce à un mécanisme élaboré de co-construction du consensus, et en proposant des règles du jeu claires et équitables pour toutes les entreprises, valables dans tous les pays de l’Union. Les trois acteurs principaux de cette réalisation sont l’Allemagne, la France et le Royaume-Uni, par l’implication de leurs organismes de normalisation (respectivement le DIN, l’AFNOR et la BSI) et de celle de leurs acteurs économiques (les parties prenantes). C’est dire si l’échéance du Brexit au 1 er  janvier 2021 revêt une importance cruciale pour les normalisateurs européens : l’un des trois acteurs majeurs va changer de statut et probablement de stratégie dans un contexte de volonté d’autonomie de son pays vis-à-vis de l’UE ! Or, la normalisation volontaire irrigue tous les secteurs d’activité de nos économies ; celles-ci sont très interdépendantes et le marché européen est crucial pour le Royaume-Uni, comme l’est celui-ci pour beaucoup de nos filières économiques. Celles-ci souhaitent donc conserver la plus grande unicité possible des référentiels, pendant que le gouvernement britannique insiste sur la nouvelle autonomie de son pays. Dans un exercice risqué d’anticipation, les auteurs de cet article vont indiquer comment les acteurs (français et autres) de la normalisation se préparent à gérer ces contradictions et comment sont anticipés les mois et années qui viennent, qui vont marquer le passage de la situation d’un mariage, souvent tumultueux, de plus de quatre décennies entre le Royaume-Uni et l’Union européenne, à des relations de bon voisinage.
Reliability
Authors: Taylor John M.
Published: February 2021

A cursory look at the measurement practices in the
Journal of Nursing Education
revealed several deficits that our community is encouraged to address. In 2020, a little less than half of our quantitative studies did not provide reliability estimates from their own data, opting instead to provide estimates reported in the literature or none at all. Of the studies that did supply estimates using their data, only Cronbach's alpha was reported. Unfortunately, limitations with Cronbach's alpha and inconsistent reporting practices are likely undermining the science of nursing education. Researchers are encouraged to estimate reliability using their own data with increasingly valid techniques.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(2):65–66.]
The Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric: Implications for Evaluating Teaching Effectiveness
Authors: Lee Kristin C.
Published: February 2021

Background:

Concern with patient safety necessitates valid and reliable measures to evaluate clinical judgment. The purpose of this article is to describe how the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR) has been used to evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions to promote clinical judgment and its psychometric properties.

Method:

Search terms included
nurse
,
student
,
clinical judgment
, and
Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric
in Scopus, ERIC, and CINAHL with EBSCOhost databases. The final review included 20 studies.

Results:

Researchers reported alphas for total scales as .80 to .97, subscales as .89 to .93, and students' self-scored as .81 to .82. Themes were: Individual Versus Group Evaluations, Clinical Judgment Scenarios, and Adaptation for Nonobservation Activities.

Conclusion:

Results of this review indicate that the LCJR can be used to evaluate clinical judgment, but educators need to consider inter- and intrarater reliability, individual versus group evaluation, clinical judgment scenarios, and adapting the rubric for nondirect observation activities.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(2):67–73.]
Improvisation Theater Exercises: A Novel Approach to Teach Communication Skills
Authors: Higgins Karen , Nesbitt Christianne
Published: February 2021

Background:

Nurse practitioner students need effective communication skills to provide patient-centered care and work in diverse health care teams. Improvisation exercises, adapted from theater training, have been used to improve communication skills with health professions education and can be used in nurse practitioner education.

Method:

Fifty-eight family nurse practitioner students participated in a 2-hour workshop where they learned four improvisation exercises to improve listening skills, observational skills, and the ability to respond in the moment. Students learned the application of these skills for health care conversations.

Results:

The workshop was well received by the students, and evaluations reflected that students anticipated using the skills in professional practice and personal communications.

Conclusion:

Improvisation exercises can be used in nursing education to teach communication skills.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2021;60(2):116–119.]
Malignant Teratoid Ciliary Body Medulloepithelioma in a Neonate
Authors: Manjandavida Fairooz P. , Honavar Santosh G. , Mulay Kaustubh , Reddy Vijay Anand P. , Vemuganti Geeta K.
Published: February 2021

Ciliary body medulloepithelioma is an intraocular tumor manifesting in early childhood, rarely at birth. A unique case of intraocular malignant teratoid ciliary body medulloepithelioma in a neonate presenting as buphthalmos at birth is reported. There was rapid progression with extraocular extension within 2 months and developed regional lymph node metastasis despite enucleation. The child underwent lymph node dissection and local radiotherapy with complete remission.
[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013;50:e37–e40.]
The isotopic geochemistry of CaCO3 encrustations in Taylor Valley, Antarctica: Implications for their origin
Authors: Lyons Berry , Foley Kelly , Carey Anne , Diaz Melisa , Bowen Gabriel , Cerling Thure
Published: February 2021

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) encrustations occur in most desert soils, including polar ones, and such encrustations preserve records of geochemical, hydrological, and atmosphere processes affecting these soils. We have collected a series of CaCO3 encrustations found underneath surface rocks in the soils and tills of Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys (~78°S lat.), Antarctica. These encrustations were analyzed for 87Sr/86S and δ18O and δ13C to determine what relation they have with the underlying soils, and the material in which they are in contact, and to identify the processes that control their formation. In all but one case, the isotopic data indicate that the source of Sr to these encrustations is not from the rock on which it is associated. The primary source of Sr (and by analogy Ca) is either from dust that has been deposited through aeolian processes or from the aggregate of till material within the soils. The δ13C values for Taylor Valley encrustations ranged from 5.7 to 11.0‰, and are consistent with a carbon source from atmospheric CO2. The δ18O values range from –8.1 to –11.2‰ and are heavier than expected for equilibrium calcite precipitation from Taylor Valley meteoric water. Taken together these results indicate that the CaCO3 was formed by rapid evaporation of films beneath clasts that had become supersaturated with respect to CaCO3.
Context and Contextualisation: Hallmarks of Authentic Spoken English
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: February 2021

When speaking of language, “authenticity” is almost always indissociable from the figure of the native speaker: native English speakers are seen as the unique holders of the ability to produce “genuine” English. In an effort to move past this harmful ideological positioning, this article sets out the case for another marker to be taken as a benchmark for linguistic authenticity: contextualisation. First, it is shown how contextualisation – the complex interplay between language and context – can be considered as a hallmark of authenticity. Following this, the creation of teaching and research materials is shown to engender decontextualization of linguistic data, leading to the loss of elements of contextualisation. Some theoretical and methodological remedies to this situation are explored. Finally, this conception of authenticity is shown to have benefits in terms of developing students’ communicative competence as well as moving beyond the exclusive “native speaker as authentic” ideological paradigm.
Oral authentique et identification d’enjeux linguistiques
Authors: Berthe Florine , Gaudy-Campbell Isabelle , Huart Ruth
Published: February 2021

L’écoute d’anglais authentique permet d’observer des aspects du fonctionnement de la langue orale qui vont à l’encontre de ce qu’on enseigne traditionnellement. S’agissant de l’accentuation, la distinction entre éléments lexicaux et marqueurs grammaticaux serait à nuancer. Nous traiterons alors de quelques mots outils (of, to, a, it) accentués à l’oral, qui ne sont ni « emphatiques » ni « contrastifs ». Toujours partant de l’écoute de to, nous remarquerons dans un second temps que des marqueurs, d’appartenance catégorielle totalement distincte, partagent certains traits de fonctionnement dans l’authenticité de leur usage et se dotent à l’oral de capacités que l’écrit ne leur octroie pas. Ainsi, nous distinguerons ces marqueurs pour leur « valeur opératoire ». Nous traiterons enfin du pseudo-clivage, habituellement étudié pour le réagencement et la focalisation qu’il permet. À l’oral, ces micro-fonctions sont pourtant relayées au second plan au profit de macro-fonctions allant de la structuration du discours à l’expression subjective du positionnement du locuteur.
Intergenerational Trauma and Other Unique Challenges as Barriers to Native American Educational Success
Authors: Reed Thomas
Published: February 2021

This chapter examines unique challenges in the way of Native American educational success as well as solutions to overcoming. The chapter addresses why intergenerational trauma matters, the impacts of public policy on Native American people such as the Native American Languages Act of 1990, and the importance of Native American people being connected to the land, protecting traditions, language, and their ancestors. The purpose of this literature review is to shed light on Native American educational barriers and to critique existing literature. Areas analyzed include the trend of low rates of educational attainment among Native Americans, the history of abuse towards Indigenous people and other minorities, the impact on individuals, and solutions for the future. There is a need for Native American students to stay connected to cultural tradition, cultural relevancy in education, role models for Native American people, and an importance of Native American students staying connected to family.
What's So Special About Spatial?
Authors: Uz Bilgin Cigdem , Anteneh Melat R. , Thompson Meredith
Published: February 2021

Virtual reality (VR) technology has been steadily used for research purposes over the past few decades and is now gaining attraction in educational settings. Spatial understanding of learners is one of these research topics. Although there are plenty of studies focusing on VR and spatial abilities separately, there has not been a comprehensive review of papers that focus specifically on both VR and spatial ability. To address this question, an electronic search of articles from 2015 to 2019 was conducted that found 923 articles, 26 of which met the criteria of specifically discussing 'spatial abilities' and 'VR environments'. Eleven out of 26 articles reported the reason for using VR as a spatial assessment tool. The most frequently-mentioned spatial ability that was studied was mental rotation ability. This review revealed a special link between spatial ability and VR. VR can be both diagnostic and therapeutic for spatial skills; VR is an excellent tool for examining spatial ability in individuals and also individuals can enhance their spatial abilities through using virtual reality.
Immersive Virtual Reality in Sports
Authors: Jackson II Trone
Published: February 2021

This chapter aims to show how immersive virtual reality headsets can impact sports by providing an immersive virtual learning environment that implements immersive learning, learning by doing, and immediate feedback to ensure the development of coaches and players in sports. This chapter will describe how immersive virtual reality simulations are used on virtual reality headsets and discuss the learning theories that lead to transferring skills from a virtual world to the real world. Immersive learning simulations require coaches and player to recreate live sporting events to make split decisions. This chapter will examine how creating virtual coaching and playing environments that mirror real in-game emotions, real in-game immediacy, and the pressures to make the correct split-second decisions. Additionally, the chapter reviews research of the cognitive sciences to understand how AR simulations can accelerate new skills acquisition.
South African MNCs and HR
Authors: Wood Geoffrey , Bischoff Christine
Published: February 2021

This chapter explores how three South African MNCs ventured north into Africa and what this meant for their practice of HRM. The chapter highlights how each company developed their HR systems under late apartheid, and how they have been adapted since then. It explores what their investments meant for local firms and for workers more generally in their countries of operation. Two of the three firms have placed a strong emphasis on internal HRD and human resource planning orientated towards developing the careers of their staff up to senior management; the third has followed a more mixed model that has not been without controversy.
Evolutionary Dynamics in Mediterranean Landscapes
Authors: Naranjo Gómez José Manuel , Castanho Rui Alexandre , Loures Luís
Published: February 2021

The specific richness and value of Mediterranean landscapes require a robust, well-defined, and comprehensive conservation strategy planning. Therefore, and considering the relevance of the topic in the light of the sustainability concept, those planning strategies should be based and sustained by many different studies and fields in order to provide a full view of the issue. Contextually, the present study through the use of geographic information systems (GIS) tools and methods allows addressing the evolution of forest and semi-natural areas in the Iberian Peninsula in the last three decades. With this study it was possible to verify that the land uses related to forests and semi-natural areas suffered many changes – increasing and decreasing periods; in fact, some of the reducing is concerning and should have a closer look by the territorial government authorities to give protection and conservation to this unique Mediterranean landscapes and environments.
Environmental Education and Its Effects on Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Nyika Joan Mwihaki , Mwema Fredrick M.
Published: February 2021

Environmental education (EE) for sustainable development remains a valuable subject of contemporary society, which is characterized with environmental issues such as climate change, pollution, loss of biodiversity, and resource degradation. The delivery of EE is based on the North American Association for environmental education values of knowledge, dispositions, competencies, and responsible behavior towards the environment. EE is a transformative tool to learners since it prepares learners with skills, attitudes, knowledge, and values to resolve environmental problems. It promotes environmental activism and action-oriented resolution of environmental issues. The full benefits of EE are challenged by limited human capacity, questionable professionalism, limited resources, and poor transformation of knowledge to practice. These challenges however can be alleviated through community engagement in formulating EE programs, multidisciplinary engagements, and research on EE delivery and quality.
Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainability in the Bangladeshi School Curriculum
Authors: Shohel M. Mahruf C. , Roy Goutam , Chowdhury Tanjeeba , Alam Atm Shafiul , Shams Shahriar
Published: February 2021

Bangladesh is one of the most affected countries by climate change and extremely vulnerable to environmental degradation. Young people, as the new generation, need to understand the consequences of climate change and its impact on their lives and the lives of their fellow citizens. This chapter presents the findings from a systematic evaluation of Bangladeshi school curriculum, and how it prepares the future generation for climate change adaptation and ensures a sustainable future for them. This chapter highlights the recommendations from the findings and suggests how the national curriculum could address climate change mitigation and adaptation for sustainability by providing contents to offer grounding for the young people as global citizens to act in the local context. Although there is some content included in the school textbooks related to climate change and sustainable development issues, there is a need for inclusion of more relevant contents in the national school curriculum so that school textbooks provide enough contents on climate change, its mitigation and adaptation.
Determinants of Financial Literacy Among Indian Youth
Authors: Bharucha Jehangir Pheroze
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine which factors actually determine the level of personal financial literacy among the youth in India's financial capital city. A total of 650 completed and returned questionnaires have been used for the purpose of this study. The data analysis uses descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis. The explanatory variables are gender, district of residence, educational level, father's educational level, employment, marital status, and parenthood. Findings of the study depict that having children is the most positively correlated (+0.327) with financial literacy. Education (+0.245) and employment (+0.140) are positively correlated with financial literacy. It is also concluded that females are less likely to have a high level of financial literacy (-0.271) compared to males.
Data Analysis and Visualization in Python for Polar Meteorological Data
Authors: Samy V. Sakthivel , Pramanick Koyel , Thenkanidiyoor Veena , Victor Jeni
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study is to analyze meteorological data obtained from the various expeditions made to the Indian stations in Antarctica over recent years and determine how significantly the weather has shown a marked change over the years. For any time series data analysis, there are two main goals: (a) the authors need to identify the nature of the phenomenon from the sequence of observations and (b) predict the future data. On account of these goals, the pattern in the time series data and its variability are to be accurately identified. This paper can then interpret and integrate the pattern established with its associated meteorological datasets collected in Antarctica. Using the data analytics knowledge the validity of interpretation for the given datasets a pattern has been identified, which could extrapolate the pattern towards prediction. To ease the time series data analysis, the authors developed online meteorological data analytic portal at NCPOR, Goa http://data.ncaor.gov.in/.
Diagnostic Analysis of Patients Qualified for Hip Replacement Using Multi-Criteria Methods
Authors: Fabisiak Luiza , Szczypor-Piasecka Karina
Published: February 2021

Patients with advanced hip osteoarthritis are likely to suffer from biomechanical disorders. As many criteria inform how such patients are being qualified for alloplasty procedures, this article proposes a multi-criteria decisional framework in qualifying patients for treatment while undergoing diagnostic analysis for hip replacement surgery. In order to assess the patient's health condition, the competence of physicians and physiotherapists must first be checked. After creating the expert preference model and decision tree, the AHP method was applied followed by the Electre Tri method in the next stage of verification. Integrating these analytic procedures, a group of patients can be quickly evaluated and meaningfully profiled. Specifically, these patients can be classified in respect of their condition determined during hospitalisation as per the severity of degenerative disease and on the basis of their subjective feelings and diagnostics. The proposed methodology promises to allow optimal treatment to be assigned while enabling the appropriate classification and verification within group of patients targeted for hip replacement surgery.
Enterprise Architecture-Based Project Assurance Model for the Proof-of-Concept of AI Service Systems
Authors: Takeuchi Hironori
Published: February 2021

This research considers the common understanding of proof-of-concept (PoC) projects developing AI service systems between business and IT divisions. The authors propose an enterprise architecture (EA)-based project assurance model for the PoC of AI service systems, and represented elements of the developed application, development processes, and project goals with relations in the model. The proposed model provides two views, the “Why-What-Who View” representing the relationships between goals, processes and actors, and “Who-What-How View” representing the relationships between actors, processes and applications. Through these views, this paper shows that project members can understand the development activities in which they are involved, and the impact or significance of each activity on the project, and the project goal is assured by executing each activity in the process. Through a case study the authors show that one can use the proposed model as a reference model when proposing and executing AI service system development projects.
A Composite Safety Assurance Method for Developing System Architecture Using Model Checking
Authors: Zhi Qiang , Zhou Zhengshu , Morisaki Shuji
Published: February 2021

Assurance case helps analyze the system dependability, but the relationships between system elements and assurance case are generally not clearly defined. In order to make system assurance more intuitive and reliable, this paper proposes an approach that clearly defines the relationships between safety issues and system elements and integrates them using ArchiMate. Also, the proposed method applies model checking to system safety assurance, and the checking results are regarded as evidence of assurance cases. This method consists of four steps: interaction visualization, processes model checking, assurance case creation, and composite safety assurance. The significance of this work is that it provides a formalized procedure for safety-critical system assurance, which could increase the confidence in system safety. It would be expected to make the safety of a system easier to explain to third parties and make the system assurance more intuitive and effective. Also, a case study on an automatic driving system is carried out to confirm the effectiveness of this approach.
Optimization of C5.0 Classifier With Bayesian Theory for Food Traceability Management Using Internet of Things
Authors: Souprayen Balamurugan , Ayyanar Ayyasamy , Suresh Joseph K
Published: February 2021

In order to survive with the existing financial circumstances and the development of global food supply chain, the authors propose efficient food traceability techniques using the internet of things and obtain a solution for data prediction. The purpose of the food traceability is used to retain the good quality of raw material supply, diminish the loss, and reduce system complexity. The primary issue is to tackle current limitations to prevent food defects from exceeding hazardous levels and to inform the safety measures to the customers. The proposed hybrid algorithm is for food traceability to make accurate predictions and enhanced period data. The operation of the internet of things is addressed to track and trace the food quality to check the data acquired from manufacturers and consumers. The experimental analysis depicts that proposed algorithm has high accuracy rate, less execution time and error rate.
Glucocorticoid Transiently Upregulates Mitochondrial Biogenesis in the Osteoblast
Authors: Hsu Chien-Ning , Jen Chih-Yuan , Chen Yu-Hsu , Peng Shao-Yu , Wu Shinn-Chih , Yao Chao-Ling
Published: February 2021

Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced bone loss is the most prevalent form of secondary osteoporosis. Previous studies demonstrated that long-term incubation of dexamethasone (DEX) induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunctions, consequently leading to apoptosis of differentiated osteoblasts. This DEX-induced cell death might be the main causes of bone loss. We previously described that DEX induced biphasic mitochondrial alternations. As GC affects mitochondrial physiology through several different possible routes, the short-term and long-term effects of GC treatment on mitochondria in the osteoblast have not been carefully characterized. Here, we examined the expression levels of genes that are associated with mitochondrial functions at several different time points after incubation with DEX. Mitochondrial biogenesis-mediated genes nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1) and Nrf2 were upregulated after 4-h incubation, and then declined after 24-h incubation, suggesting that mitochondrial biogenesis were transiently upregulated by DEX. In contrast, mitochondrial fusion gene optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) and mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) started to be elevated as the biogenesis started to decrease. Finally, the mitochondrial fission increased and apoptosis becomes prominent. Agree with the mitochondrial biphasic alterations hypothesis, the results suggested an early increase of mitochondrial activities and biogenesis upon DEX stimulation to the osteoblasts. The oxidative phosphorylation and inducible nitric oxide synthase levels increased results in oxidative stress accumulation, leading to mitochondrial fusion, and subsequently fission and triggering the apoptosis. Our results indicated that the primary effects of GC on mitochondria are promoting their functions and biogenesis. Mitochondrial breakdown and the activation of the apoptotic pathways appeared to be the secondary effect after long-term treatment.
Sympathetic Activation of Splenic T-Lymphocytes in Hypertension of Adult Offspring Programmed by Maternal High Fructose Exposure
Authors: Tsai Pei-Chia , Chao Yung-Mei , Chan Julie Y. H.
Published: February 2021

Whereas neuroimmune crosstalk between the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and immune cells in the pathophysiology of hypertension is recognized, the exact effect of SNS on T-lymphocyte in hypertension remains controversial. This study assessed the hypothesis that excitation of the SNS activates splenic T-lymphocytes through redox signaling, leading to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the development of hypertension. Status of T-lymphocyte activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in the spleen were examined in a rodent model of hypertension programmed by maternal high fructose diet (HFD) exposure. Maternal HFD exposure enhanced SNS activity and activated both CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes in the spleen of young offspring, compared to age-matched offspring exposed to maternal normal diet (ND). Maternal HFD exposure also induced tissue oxidative stress and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the spleen of HFD offspring. All those cellular and molecular events were ameliorated following splenic nerve denervation (SND) by thermoablation. In contrast, activation of splenic sympathetic nerve by nicotine treatment resulted in the enhancement of tissue ROS level and activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in the spleen of ND offspring; these molecular events were attenuated by treatment with a ROS scavenger, tempol. Finally, the increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) programmed in adult offspring by maternal HFD exposure was diminished by SND, whereas activation of splenic sympathetic nerve increased basal SBP in young ND offspring. These findings suggest that excitation of the SNS may activate splenic T-lymphocytes, leading to hypertension programming in adult offspring induced by maternal HFD exposure. Moreover, tissue oxidative stress induced by the splenic sympathetic overactivation may serve as a mediator that couples the neuroimmune crosstalk to prime programmed hypertension in HFD offspring.
Post Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Chatterjee Mitali , Das Nilay Kanti
Published: February 2021

Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a mucocutaneous disease usually seen in apparently cured, inadequately treated or untreated cases of visceral leishmaniasis and is endemic to many parts of India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and eastern Africa (Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya). The disease usually manifests as a variable combination of hypopigmented patches, erythematous succulent papulo-plaques, and nodular lesions on the face and upper body and sometimes extending on the extremities, genitalia, and tongue. Atypical morphology and presentations are not uncommon, especially in endemic areas, which include photosensitivity, verrucous, hypertrophic, xanthomatous, and ulcerative lesions. Recognition of spectrum of mucocutaneous changes helps physicians in early initiation of treatment and in reducing disease transmission in the community. The differential diagnosis depends on the pattern of manifestations, but lepromatous leprosy is the closest mimicker. Since PKDL does not cause significant morbidity, at least initially, but the affected patients continue to act as a reservoir of the disease, active case detection is required to identify cases early to control the disease transmission in the community.
Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease
Authors: Parikh Mital , Konnur Abhijit , Hegde Umapati , Gang Sishir , Patel Hardik , Patel Jigar
Published: February 2021

Background

Anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease is an autoimmune disorder defined by the presence of autoantibody directed against α3 chain of type IV collagen. It is clinically characterized by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and lung hemorrhage.

Patients and methods

A retrospective study of 25 patients with anti-GBM disease, who were diagnosed and followed up at our institute from January 2011 to December 2017, was undertaken. Most patients presented with hypertension (76%), oliguria (80%), and dialysis-dependent renal failure (96%). Hemoptysis was seen in only one-third (28%) of patients. Diffuse glomerulosclerosis with crescents was the most common renal histopathology (60%) seen.

Results

Of all patients who were able to get adequate treatment in the form of plasmapheresis (56%) and immunosuppression (100%), only one (4%) patient recovered.

Conclusion

The majority of our patients with anti-GBM presented late in their clinical course of the disease, with advanced renal failure and irreversible lesion on kidney biopsy. High index of suspicion, early diagnosis, and aggressive management may improve the outcome of these patients.
Glyphosate poisoning – a case report
Authors: Kunapareddy T , Kalisetty S
Published: February 2021

Glyphosate is the most commonly used broad-spectrum, non-selective herbicide in the world. The toxicity is supposed to be due to uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and the surfactant polyoxyethylene amine (POEA)- mediated cardiotoxicity. Clinical features of this herbicide poisoning are varied, ranging from asymptomatic to even death. There is no antidote and aggressive supportive therapy is the mainstay of treatment for glyphosate poisoning. We present a 69-year-old female patient with suicidal consumption of around 500 ml of Glycel®. Initially, gastric lavage was done and intravenous fluids were given. Within two hours of presentation, the patient developed respiratory distress needing intubation, hypotension needing vasopressor support, and severe lactic acidosis. She also developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, hypokalemia, hypernatremia, and aspiration pneumonia. Our patient was critically ill with multiple poor prognostic factors, but with timely aggressive supportive management, the patient gradually recovered.
Argemone species: Potential source of biofuel and high-value biological active compounds
Authors: Martínez-Delgado Alejandra Anahi , Anda José de , León-Morales Janet María , Mateos-Díaz Juan Carlos , Gutiérrez-Mora Antonia , Castañeda-Nava José Juvencio
Published: February 2021

The Argemone genus includes weed species of great importance in traditional medicine due to biological activities attributed to secondary metabolites, mainly alkaloids, distributed in all tissues of this species. In addition, their seeds contain a large amount of oil (30 to 40%). For this reason, several authors have discussed the potential of this species as a non-edible source to produce multi-purpose raw materials and a low cost-crop for example in the production of biofuels such as biodiesel. Argemone species grows in poor soils with low water and nutrient requirements. This makes the Argemone species an attractive economical and environmentally friendly candidate for biofuels production. Furthermore, the Argemone species can also provide high-value by-products for the agrochemical and pharmaceutical industry. In this work, we compiled the ethnomedical information, biochemical features, and biofuel production efforts that have been published by testing different Argemone species, in order to compare the research efforts and analyze its biotechnological potential. After analyzing the literature, we conclude that the genus has great potential for high-value pharmaceutical products and energy production purposes, and also to control plant pests. We also consider that other species of the genus may have also potential applications in this field.
Can the addition of biochar improve the performance of biogas digesters operated at 45°C?
Authors: Masebinu Samson Oluwasegun , Fanoro Olufunto Toluope , Insam Heribert , Mbohwa Charles , Wagner Andreas Otto , Markt Rudolf , Hupfauf Sebastian
Published: February 2021

Biogas from anaerobic digestion (AD) may contribute towards a green energy scene in the future. Despite many benefits, AD plant operators are still challenged by limitations of the technology. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of biochar addition to AD reactors operated at 45°C to optimize productivity, efficiency and stability of the process. Biochar is characterized by a large surface area and may therefore facilitate the creation of biofilms on the one hand and remove environmental contaminants on the other hand. Moreover, biochar may serve as pH control agent due to its alkaline properties, counteracting reactor acidification. Our results showed that the addition of biochar reduced efficiently the amount of H2S that initially occurred in the headspace during reactor start-up. Nevertheless, no impact on biogas- and methane yields was observed. This might be explained with an already well-working AD system without any severe disturbances, where the balancing nature of biochar did hardly count. Future studies, however, need to evaluate the effect on stressed systems. The microbiome analysis provided a detailed view of the microbial dynamics during the start-up phase, revealing Methanosarcina as dominant methanogen in the end. The addition of biochar did not alter the microbial community composition.
Planlanmamış Gebeliklerin Doğum Sonrası Erken Dönemdeki Annelik Davranışına Etkisi
Authors: TANER Selda , ÇALIŞIR Hüsniye
Published: February 2021

Amaç: Planlanmamış gebelikler, kadınlar, çocukları ve aileleri için istenmeyen ekonomik, psikolojik ve sosyal sonuçlar doğurabilir. Bu çalışma, planlamadan gebe kalmanın doğum sonrası erken dönemdeki ilk annelik davranışına etkisini ve etkileyen diğer faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.Yöntem: Bu vaka kontrol çalışması Kasım 2012 ile Haziran 2013 arasında doğum yapan 348 kadın ile yapıldı. Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden kadınlar olasılıksız örnekleme yöntemine göre seçildi. Örneklem grubunu, planlamadan gebe kalan (vaka grubu) 174 kadın, planlayarak gebe kalan (kontrol grubu) 174 kadın olmak üzere toplam 348 kadın oluşturdu. Veriler, Doğum Sonrası Ebeveynlik Davranışı Ölçeği (DSEDÖ) kullanılarak doğum sonrası ilk 10 dakikada gözlem ve bir anket formu kullanarak ilk 24 saat içinde yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplandı.Bulgular: Bu çalışmada planlamadan gebe kalan kadınlar ve planlayarak gebe kalan kadınların DSEDÖ puan ortalamaları sırasıyla, 2.01±1.24 ve 5.18±0.79 olarak bulundu. Planlamadan gebe kalan kadınların doğum sonrası erken dönemdeki annelik davranış puanları, planlayarak gebe kalan kadınların doğum sonrası erken dönemdeki annelik davranış puanlarından daha düşük bulundu (p<0.05). Çalışmada kadınların planlamadan gebe kalması, canlı doğum sayısının fazla olması, gelirin giderden az olması ve doğum öncesi bebek bakımı ile ilgili bilgi almamış olması, DSEDÖ puanlarını olumsuz etkileyen faktörler olarak bulundu (p<0.05).Sonuç: Planlanmayan gebeliklerin doğum sonrası erken dönemdeki annelik davranışlarına olumsuz etkisinin olduğu bulunmuştur. Ebe ve hemşireler tarafından kadınların doğum sonrası erken dönemdeki annelik davranışı ile ilişkili risk faktörlerinin bilinmesi, annelerin gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi ve ebeveynliğe uyumlarının desteklenmesi açısından önemlidir.
Implementación de la prueba Peek Acuity como herramienta en gerontología comunitaria en el municipio de Otzolotepec, Estado de México.
Authors: Hernández Chavira Xochitl
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo se hizo con la finalidad de implementar la app de agudeza visual Peek Acuity como herramienta en gerontología comunitaria en el municipio de Otzolotepec, Estado de México para identificar problemas de disminución gradual de la vista y brindar orientación para que puedan acudir con el optometrista u oftalmologo, teniendo como objetivo “Valorar la funcionalidad de la prueba Peek Acuity como herramienta en atención gerontologica comunitaria”. El trabajo es de tipo exploratorio y se encontró que la mayoría de los sujetos estudiados presentan discapacidad moderada, un bajo porcentaje discapacidad visual grave, y pocos gozan de buena vision. Es factible utilizer la app Peek Acuity como herramienta en intervenciones gerontológicas en comunidad.
The functions of Code-switching in a Korean Sunday School
Authors: Shin Sun-Young
Published: February 2021

In a bilingual community, people often switch from one language to another in their daily
conversations and the use of code-switching often reflects the social or cultural identities of the speakers. The switch to a particular language in the bilingual discourse can also be employed as an effective vehicle to signal ethnic identity. This paper seeks to explore the functions of code-switching in a Korean Sunday school through an analysis of codeswitching data. I identify situation-related code-switching by examining participants’ talk and the particular situations which prompt the use of Korean. I also demonstrate how
Korean is used in particular conversational acts, for example in directives, to invoke figures of authority and how Korean may also be used to avoid saying things which might be found offensive. In this vein, I argue that the use of Korean in bilingual discourse may index Korean ethnic identity by evoking the traditional social ideology of relative status and increasing solidarity.
PLANNING THE TRANSPORT COMPANY'S ACTIVITIES DEPENDING ON THE IDENTIFIED DEMAND
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Markova Julia Dmitrievna , Rakhmatullina Albina Rustamovna ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the types of planning that can be applied in any company, as well as providing transport services. The authors consider all types of planning to achieve the best performance of the company and profit growth specifically in activities related to transport logistics.
TO THE QUESTION OF EVALUATING THE INTERNAL IMAGE OF THE HOTEL ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Ralyk Dinara Vladimirovna
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the elements of the hotel’s internal image, proposes a methodology for researching and evaluating such components as the socio-psychological climate in the team and understanding the company's mission in the hotel services market.
DEVELOPING THE MANAGER'S SENSE OF TIME THE MAIN FACTORS INFLUENCING
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Troshina Elena Pavlovna
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the formation of one of the most important personal competencies of a Manager, namely, the development of a sense of time. The methods tested by the author are presented, which significantly improve the quality of daily planning. Specific professions that require the active development of a sense of time are identified
http://conferences.sseu.ru/lk_st.php?cnt=1&id_st=741&lang=ru&id_sect=30
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Shashkova Nadezhda Sergeevna
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the actualization of the use of neuromarketing tools in trade marketing. in modern conditions, the number of promotional sales is growing annually. Consumers are increasingly less likely to purchase goods without promotions and discounts. This trend is unfavorable for the market, as it greatly reduces the growth in turnover from products sold. To solve this problem, it is necessary to focus on the importance of applying the principles of neuromarketing in the activities of companies
PROBLEMS OF USING MARKETING STRATEGIES IN THE PRACTICE OF RUSSIAN ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Yudakova Olga Vasilevna
Published: February 2021

The paper discusses the problems of using strategic marketing and marketing strategies by Russian enterprises that do not allow them to form optimal indicators of business performance.
DIGITALIZATION OF MODERN LIFE: SOCIAL BARRIERS AND CONTRADICTIONS
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Vyushkina Darya Dmitrievna
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of digitalization of modern life. This article discusses the contradictions of this process, its consequences. The article considers how digital technologies are changing the life of a person and society as a whole
PROMOTING THE LAW AGAINST HOME VIOLENCE IN SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Dzhigerova Kristina Endrikovna
Published: February 2021

The history of the emergence of a petition on domestic violence in social networks is studied, and the special relevance of this problem in modern society is highlighted
COMMUNICATION IN THE XXI CENTURY: REAL OR DIGITAL?
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Pyshkina Elizaveta Sergeevna
Published: February 2021

This article discusses two types of communication: real and digital, describes the advantages and disadvantages of each of them, their impact on humans
THE IMPORTANCE OF DOCUMENT FLOW AND INFORMATION SUPPORT IN THE WORK OF A MANAGER
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Syrova Lyubov' Aleksandrovna
Published: February 2021

The article reveals the importance of information support of document flow in the work of the head, the analysis of the dynamics of document flow in the divisions of LLC "ENGservice".
RESEARCH ASPECTS OF GERMAN COMPOSITE FORMATIONSOLVENCY
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Petryanina Olga Valer'evna
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the main aspects of composite formation in modern German. In the course of the study, the features of the mechanism of sema formation of German composites were analyzed, methods for the formation of lexical meanings in a complex structure are described, characteristics of the productivity of the method of compounding are given, and various typologies of German composites are presented.
DIGITAL GOVERNMENT: DIGITAL ECONOMY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Chubarova Irina Sergeevna , Stepanova Julia Olegovna ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: February 2021

The article considers approaches to definition of the term "digital economy", the author analyzed the trends for digital economy development in Russia, the potential positive effects and direction of digital economy development in Russia.
MAIN TENDENCIES OF DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION, PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS AT THE PRESENT STAGE IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Aron Yulia Borisovna
Published: February 2021

The article highlights the problem of the modern development of physical education and sports. At the same time, some historical aspect in the development of this sphere was considered, the regulatory framework for state planning of financing physical education and sports was considered in more detail. On this basis, the main trends in the sports life of population at the present stage were identified. Particular attention is paid to the influence of social networks and the “body positive” movement on the motivation of the population to a healthy lifestyle
PROBLEMS OF ORGANIZING THE REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS BY MEANS OF OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES AND TOURISM
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Bystryakova Yuliya Dmitrievna , Nalimova Marina Nikolaevna ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: February 2021

The article considers the factors that influence the health of children and adolescents, analyzes the incidence of children and adolescents, and describes the problems of organizing the health of children and adolescents by means of active recreation and tourism
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDENTS ' PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Voikina Diana Vladimirovna , Nalimova Marina Nikolaevna ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: February 2021

This article discusses the importance of physical activity of students of higher education institutions. Modern diseases that occur quite often in University students are analyzed,as well as the priority of physical training. A sample is being conducted for students of Samara state University of Economics
CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A BANDY IN THE SAMARA REGION
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Maslova Olesya Sergeevna
Published: February 2021

This article discusses the state of hockey with the ball at the present stage of development of society in the Russian Federation. The history of the emergence and further formation of the bandy in the Samara region is analyzed. In the course of the work, problems of various nature were identified, as well as programs whose target areas are the elimination of existing problems were considered