bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Tale of Two Flaviviruses: A Seroepidemiological Study of Dengue Virus and West Nile Virus Transmission in the Ouest and Sud-Est Departments of Haiti
Authors: Weppelmann Thomas A. , Burne Alexandra , von Fricken Michael E. , Elbadry Maha A. , Beau De Rochars Madsen , Boncy Jacques , Okech Bernard A.
Published: November 2016

Though plans to eliminate malaria from the island of Hispaniola have recently received much attention, arbovirus surveillance continues to be largely neglected in Haiti. To support surveillance efforts and encourage vector-control strategies, a cross-sectional study of dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile virus (WNV) transmission was conducted using standard seroepidemiological methods. Blood samples (N = 673) were collected from 278 males and 395 females from three locations in the Ouest and Sud-Est Departments of Haiti. Serum was separated and tested for the presence of anti-DENV and anti-WNV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anti-DENV IgG antibodies were detected in 72.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 68.7, 75.5) of the sample population; with no significant differences in seroprevalence by study location, participant gender, or age group (P > 0.1, in all tests). Anti-WNV IgG antibodies were detected in only 1% (95% CI = 0.3, 1.8) of the sample population, all which originated from participants located in Gressier. The high prevalence of anti-DENV IgG antibodies among all age groups, including those in the youngest age group (2–5 years of age), suggests hyperendemic transmission of DENV in the Ouest and Sud-Est Departments of Haiti. In contrast, the relative absence of anti-WNV IgG antibodies, even among older population members, further supports the notion that WNV transmission in this population is largely absent. These findings highlight the large burden of disease from DENV and the need for enhanced arbovirus surveillance and implementation of vector control strategies throughout Haiti.
Clinical and Epidemiological Features of Paederus Dermatitis Among Nut Farm Workers in Turkey
Authors: Uzunoğlu Emel , Oguz Isıl Deniz , Kir Busra , Akdemir Cihangir
Published: November 2016

Paederus dermatitis is an acute irritant dermatitis resulting from contact with the hemolymph of Paederus beetles. This dermatitis mimics other infectious skin disorders, often resulting in diagnostic dilemmas. This study of 46 patients was conducted to increase awareness about Paederus dermatitis. Possible causes of a number of cases of Paederus dermatitis in Giresun, Turkey, were investigated using climate data and telephone interviews with the patients about risk factors. Insects caught by patients were identified at the species level. All patients were hazelnut farm workers and admitted to the hospital in the months during which the hazelnut harvesting occurs. Of the patients, 11 (23.91%) presented with painful and burning skin lesions, and 35 (70.09%) complained of itching. The neck was the most involved site (47.83%). The predominant type of lesion was erythematous plaque (84.78%). No pathological findings were detected by laboratory testing. Patients reported coming into contact with the insect during the daytime. Captured insects were identified as Paederus fuscipes. Although the weather and climate were optimal for P. fuscipes during June–October, patients were admitted to the hospital only during the hazelnut harvesting season (August–September). The only risk factor identified among patients was occupation; hence we believe our study is the first to suggest that Paederus dermatitis is an occupational disease among hazelnut farm workers. We suggest that Paederus spp. may become a substantial threat due to global warming, especially among farm workers. Paederus dermatitis is not included in classic medical textbooks. It is necessary to increase awareness about this condition.
Utilización de Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos en la coordinación de asignaturas en el Grado en Ingeniería Agroalimentaria y del Medio Rural
Authors: Pina Desfilis Mª Tatiana , Aguilar Fenollosa Ernestina , Camañes Querol Gemma , Marqués Marzal Ana I. , Rodríguez-Sánchez Alma , Fernández-Crespo Emma , Llorens Vilarrocha Eugenio , Scalschi Loredana , Máñez Pitarch María Jesús , Jacas Miret Josep , Vicedo Begonya , Lapeña Leonor
Published: November 2016

El grado de Ingeniería Agroalimentaria y del Medio Rural de la Universitat Jaume I de Castelló viene aplicando, en su segundo curso, un proyecto multidisciplinar utilizando el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos como recurso docente y pretende que los estudiantes adquieran competencias que les ayuden a enfrentarse a su futuro profesional. Este sistema de enseñanza-aprendizaje se ha llevado a cabo durante los tres cursos que está implantado el grado. Una vez asignado un tipo de explotación agrícola concreta y utilizando las herramientas del trabajo en equipo, los estudiantes deben ser capaces de desarrollar un proyecto sobre la explotación con propuestas de mejora que sean factibles y que abarquen aspectos relacionados con las diferentes disciplinas implicadas, aplicando los conocimientos adquiridos en éstas. El presente trabajo incluye los resultados obtenidos durante los tres años del proyecto desde dos puntos de vista importantes: la satisfacción del estudiante y los resultados de aprendizaje. Además se presentan las propuestas de mejora aplicadas en cada curso como respuesta a las debilidades detectadas durante el proceso. Los resultados demuestran que el método utilizado ha favorecido la adquisición de las competencias propuestas. Además el enfoque multidisciplinar ha propiciado mejores resultados que los alcanzados por los estudiantes que realizaron trabajos unidisciplinares. Por otro lado, aunque las acciones de mejora han permitido solventar algunos de los problemas detectados, siguen persistiendo carencias, sobre todo a nivel de trabajo en equipo y de tutorización, que se proponen como mejoras para el futuro.
Radiative effects of interannually varying vs. interannually invariant aerosol emissions from fires
Authors: Grandey Benjamin S. , Lee Hsiang-He , Wang Chien
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Open-burning fires play an important role in the earth's climate system. In addition to contributing a substantial fraction of global emissions of carbon dioxide, they are a major source of atmospheric aerosols containing organic carbon, black carbon, and sulfate. These “fire aerosols” can influence the climate via direct and indirect radiative effects. In this study, we investigate these radiative effects and the hydrological fast response using the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5). Emissions of fire aerosols exert a global mean net radiative effect of −1.0 W m−2, dominated by the cloud shortwave response to organic carbon aerosol. The net radiative effect is particularly strong over boreal regions. Conventionally, many climate modelling studies have used an interannually invariant monthly climatology of emissions of fire aerosols. However, by comparing simulations using interannually varying emissions vs. interannually invariant emissions, we find that ignoring the interannual variability of the emissions can lead to systematic overestimation of the strength of the net radiative effect of the fire aerosols. Globally, the overestimation is +23 % (−0.2 W m−2). Regionally, the overestimation can be substantially larger. For example, over Australia and New Zealand the overestimation is +58 % (−1.2 W m−2), while over Boreal Asia the overestimation is +43 % (−1.9 W m−2). The systematic overestimation of the net radiative effect of the fire aerosols is likely due to the non-linear influence of aerosols on clouds. However, ignoring interannual variability in the emissions does not appear to significantly impact the hydrological fast response. In order to improve understanding of the climate system, we need to take into account the interannual variability of aerosol emissions.
Morphology and mixing of black carbon particles collected in central California during the CARES field study
Authors: Moffet Ryan C. , O'Brien Rachel E. , Alpert Peter A. , Kelly Stephen T. , Pham Don Q. , Gilles Mary K. , Knopf Daniel A. , Laskin Alexander
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Aerosol absorption is strongly dependent on the internal heterogeneity (mixing state) and morphology of individual particles containing black carbon (BC) and other non-absorbing species. Here, we examine an extensive microscopic data set collected in the California Central Valley during the CARES 2010 field campaign. During a period of high photochemical activity and pollution buildup, the particle mixing state and morphology were characterized using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) at the carbon K-edge. Observations of compacted BC core morphologies and thick organic coatings at both urban and rural sites provide evidence of the aged nature of particles, highlighting the importance of highly aged particles at urban sites during periods of high photochemical activity. Based on the observation of thick coatings and more convex BC inclusion morphology, either the aging was rapid or the contribution of fresh BC emissions at the urban site was relatively small compared to background concentrations. Most particles were observed to have the BC inclusion close to the center of the host. However, host particles containing inorganic rich inclusions had the BC inclusion closer to the edge of the particle. These measurements of BC morphology and mixing state provide important constraints for the morphological effects on BC optical properties expected in aged urban plumes.
Assessing the sensitivity of the hydroxyl radical to model biases in composition and temperature using a single-column photochemical model for Lauder, New Zealand
Authors: López-Comí Laura , Morgenstern Olaf , Zeng Guang , Masters Sarah L. , Querel Richard R. , Nedoluha Gerald E.
Published: November 2016

Abstract. We assess the major factors contributing to local biases in the hydroxyl radical (OH) as simulated by a global chemistry–climate model, using a single-column photochemical model (SCM) analysis. The SCM has been constructed to represent atmospheric chemistry at Lauder, New Zealand, which is representative of the background atmosphere of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) mid-latitudes. We use long-term observations of variables essential to tropospheric OH chemistry, i.e. ozone (O3), water vapour (H2O), methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), and temperature, and assess how using these measurements affect OH calculated in the SCM, relative to a reference simulation only using modelled fields. The analysis spans 1994 to 2010. Results show that OH responds approximately linearly to correcting biases in O3, H2O, CO, CH4, and temperature. The biggest impact on OH is due to correcting an overestimation by approximately 20 to 60 % of H2O, using radiosonde observations. Correcting this moist bias leads to a reduction of OH by around 5 to 35 %. This is followed by correcting predominantly overestimated O3. In the troposphere, the model biases are mostly in the range of −10 to 30 %. The impact of changing O3 on OH is due to two pathways; the OH responses to both are of similar magnitude but different seasonality: correcting in situ tropospheric ozone leads to changes in OH in the range −14 to 4 %, whereas correcting the photolysis rate of O3 in accordance with overhead column ozone changes leads to increases of OH of 8 to 16 %. The OH sensitivities to correcting CH4, CO, and temperature biases are all minor effects. The work demonstrates the feasibility of quantitatively assessing OH sensitivity to biases in longer-lived species, which can help explain differences in simulated OH between global chemistry models and relative to observations. In addition to clear-sky simulations, we have performed idealized sensitivity simulations to assess the impact of clouds (ice and liquid) on OH. The results indicate that the impacts on the ozone photolysis rate and OH are substantial, with a general decrease of OH below the clouds of up to 30 % relative to the clear-skies situation, and an increase of up to 15 % above. Using the SCM simulation we calculate recent OH trends at Lauder. For the period of 1994 to 2010, all trends are insignificant, in agreement with previous studies. For example, the trend in total-column OH is 0.5 ± 1.3 % over this period.
Volcanic ash modeling with the on-line NMMB/BSC-ASHv1.0
model: model description, case simulation and
evaluation
Authors: Marti Alejandro , Folch Arnau , Jorba Oriol , Janjic Zavisa
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Traditionally, tephra transport and dispersal models have evolved decoupled (off-line) from numerical weather prediction models. There is a concern that inconsistencies and shortcomings associated to this coupling strategy might lead to errors in the ash cloud forecast. Despite this concern, and the significant progress to improve the accuracy of tephra dispersal models in the aftermath of the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull and 2011 Cordón Caulle eruptions, to date, no operational on-line dispersal model is available to forecast volcanic ash. Here, we describe and evaluate NMMB/BSC-ASH, a new on-line multiscale meteorological and transport model that attempts to pioneer the forecast of volcanic aerosols at operational level. The model predicts volcanic ash cloud trajectories, concentration of ash at relevant flight levels, and the expected deposit thickness for both regional and global configurations. Its on-line coupling approach improves the current state-of-the-art of tephra dispersal models, especially in situations where meteorological conditions are changing rapidly in time, two-way feedbacks are significant, or distal ash cloud dispersal simulations are required. This work presents the model application for the first phases of the 2011 Cordón Caulle and 2001 Mt. Etna eruptions. The computational efficiency of NMMB/BSC-ASH and its application results compare favorably with other long-range tephra dispersal models, supporting its operational implementation.
Impact of biomass burning emission on total peroxy nitrates: fire plume identification during the BORTAS campaign
Authors: Aruffo Eleonora , Biancofiore Fabio , Di Carlo Piero , Busilacchio Marcella , Verdecchia Marco , Tomassetti Barbara , Dari-Salisburgo Cesare , Giammaria Franco , Bauguitte Stephane , Lee James , Moller Sarah , Hopkins James , Punjabi Shalini , Andrews Stephen J. , Lewis Alistair C. , Palmer Paul I. , Hyer Edward , Le Breton Michael , Percival Carl
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Total peroxy nitrate ( ∑ PN) concentrations have been measured using a thermal dissociation laser-induced fluorescence (TD-LIF) instrument during the BORTAS campaign, which focused on the impact of boreal biomass burning (BB) emissions on air quality in the Northern Hemisphere. The strong correlation observed between the  ∑ PN concentrations and those of carbon monoxide (CO), a well-known pyrogenic tracer, suggests the possible use of the  ∑ PN concentrations as marker of the BB plumes. Two methods for the identification of BB plumes have been applied: (1)  ∑ PN concentrations higher than 6 times the standard deviation above the background and (2)  ∑ PN concentrations higher than the 99th percentile of the  ∑ PNs measured during a background flight (B625); then we compared the percentage of BB plume selected using these methods with the percentage evaluated, applying the approaches usually used in literature. Moreover, adding the pressure threshold ( ∼  750 hPa) as ancillary parameter to  ∑ PNs, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and CO, the BB plume identification is improved. A recurrent artificial neural network (ANN) model was adapted to simulate the concentrations of  ∑ PNs and HCN, including nitrogen oxide (NO), acetonitrile (CH3CN), CO, ozone (O3) and atmospheric pressure as input parameters, to verify the specific role of these input data to better identify BB plumes.
Origin and processing of terrestrial organic carbon in the Amazon system: lignin phenols in river, shelf and fan sediments
Authors: Sun Shuwen , Schefuß Enno , Mulitza Stefan , Chiessi Cristiano M. , Sawakuchi André O. , Zabel Matthias , Baker Paul , Hefter Jens , Mollenhauer Gesine
Published: November 2016

Abstract. The Amazon River transports large amounts of terrestrial organic carbon (OCterr) from the Andean and Amazon neotropical forests to the Atlantic Ocean. In order to compare the biogeochemical characteristics of OCterr in the fluvial sediments from the Amazon drainage basin and in the adjacent marine sediments, we analysed riverbed sediments from the Amazon mainstream and its main tributaries as well as marine surface sediments from the Amazon shelf and fan for total organic carbon (TOC) content, organic carbon isotopic composition (δ13CTOC) and lignin phenol compositions. TOC and lignin content exhibit positive correlations with Al/Si ratios (indicative of the sediment grain size) implying that the grain size of sediment discharged by the Amazon River plays an important role in the preservation of TOC and leads to preferential preservation of lignin phenols in fine particles. Depleted δ13CTOC values (−26.1 ‰ to −29.9 ‰) in the main tributaries consistently correspond with the dominance of C3 vegetation. Ratios of syringyl to vanillyl (S/V) and cinnamyl to vanillyl (C/V) lignin phenols suggest that non-woody angiosperm tissues are the dominant source of lignin in the Amazon basin. Although the Amazon basin hosts a rich diversity of vascular plant types, distinct regional lignin compositions are not observed. In marine sediments, the distribution of δ13CTOC and Λ8 (sum of eight lignin phenols in organic carbon (OC), expressed as mg/100mg OC) values implies that OCterr discharged by the Amazon River is transported north-westward by the North Brazil Current and mostly deposited on the inner shelf. The lignin compositions in offshore sediments under the influence of the Amazon plume are consistent with the riverbed samples suggesting that processing of OCterr during offshore transport does not change the encoded source information. Therefore, the lignin compositions preserved in these offshore sediments can reliably reflect the vegetation in the Amazon River catchment. In sediments from the Amazon Fan, low lignin content, relatively depleted δ13CTOC values and high (Ad/Al)V ratios indicating highly degraded lignin imply that a significant fraction of the deposited OCterr is derived from petrogenic (sourced from ancient rocks) sources.
Nitrogen addition alters elemental stoichiometry within soil aggregates in a temperate steppe
Authors: Yin Jinfei , Wang Ruzhen , Liu Heyong , Feng Xue , Xu Zhuwen , Jiang Yong
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Ongoing increases in anthropogenic nitrogen (N) inputs have largely affected soil carbon (C) and nutrient cycling in most terrestrial ecosystems. Numerous studies have concerned the effects of elevated N inputs on soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic N (DIN), available phosphorus (AP), exchangeable calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), and available iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn). However, few have emphasized the stoichiometric traits of these soil parameters, especially within different soil aggregate fractions. In a semiarid grassland of Inner Mongolia, we studied the effect of N addition on the ratios of DOC : DIN, DOC : AP, DIN : AP, exchangeable Ca : Mg, available Fe : Mn within three soil aggregate classes of large macroaggregates (> 2000 µm), small macroaggregates (250–2000 µm), and microaggregates (< 250 µm). Elevated N inputs significantly decreased the DOC : DIN ratio within three soil aggregates. The soil DOC : AP ratio significantly decreased along with increasing N gradients within large macroaggregates and microaggregates. Nitrogen significantly decreased the ratio of exchangeable Ca : Mg within soil macroaggregates. The ratio of available Fe : Mn decreased with N addition within three soil aggregate classes. Alteration of elemental stoichiometry within soil fractions that are characterized by different nutrient retention capacity will influence the chemical composition of soil microorganisms and plant quality.
Rock glaciers on the run – understanding rock glacier landform evolution and recent changes from numerical flow modeling
Authors: Müller Johann , Vieli Andreas , Gärtner-Roer Isabelle
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Rock glaciers are landforms that form as a result of creeping mountain permafrost which have received considerable attention concerning their dynamical and thermal changes. Observed changes in rock glacier motion on seasonal to decadal timescales have been linked to ground temperature variations and related changes in landform geometries interpreted as signs of degradation due to climate warming. Despite the extensive kinematic and thermal monitoring of these creeping permafrost landforms, our understanding of the controlling factors remains limited and lacks robust quantitative models of rock glacier evolution in relation to their environmental setting. Here, we use a holistic approach to analyze the current and long-term dynamical development of two rock glaciers in the Swiss Alps. Site-specific sedimentation and ice generation rates are linked with an adapted numerical flow model for rock glaciers that couples the process chain from material deposition to rock glacier flow in order to reproduce observed rock glacier geometries and their general dynamics. Modeling experiments exploring the impact of variations in rock glacier temperature and sediment–ice supply show that these forcing processes are not sufficient to explain the currently observed short-term geometrical changes derived from multitemporal digital terrain models at the two different rock glaciers. The modeling also shows that rock glacier thickness is dominantly controlled by slope and rheology while the advance rates are mostly constrained by rates of sediment–ice supply. Furthermore, timescales of dynamical adjustment are found to be strongly linked to creep velocity. Overall, we provide a useful modeling framework for a better understanding of the dynamical response and morphological changes of rock glaciers to changes in external forcing.
Ateísmo y espiritualidad
Authors: Ramos González Alicia
Published: November 2016

El artículo presenta un acercamiento a la nueva espiritualidad. Dentro del mundo contemporáneo cada vez es más frecuente encontrar personas ateas y espirituales. ¿En qué coordenadas ideológicas es esto posible?, intentaremos abordarlo. En primer lugar se esboza un acercamiento en torno al concepto de religión y se presenta una perspectiva histórica de los avatares del término en el siglo XX. Entendemos que hay una dependencia directa entre la definición de religión y la posibilidad o no, de una religiosidad atea. Por otro lado, analizamos, como ejemplo del contexto del siglo XX, la previsión freudiana en torno al fin de las religiones y plantemos las posibles causas de su fracaso.
A guitarra e o martelo: uma crítica nietzschiana à religião enquanto agenciamento moral no filme Tommy
Authors: Corrêa Scienza Roberto , Demétrio Silvio
Published: November 2016

Pretende-se desenvolver uma análise fílmica, sob as diretrizes de Jacques Aumont e Michel Marie, de Tommy – filme musical, de 1975, dirigido por Ken Russell, baseado no álbum/ópera rock homônimo da banda britânica The Who – com o intuito de desvelar uma crítica à religião enquanto agenciamento moral. Para estabelecer as bases filosóficas desse problema moral, recorre-se, respectivamente, ao filósofo alemão Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche e aos filósofos franceses Gilles Deleuze e Michel Foucault. Desvela-se, a partir da análise fílmica de Tommy, a seguinte crítica: a religião, por meio de seus dogmas; da alienação; da castração dos sentidos e instintos; do conforto no ressentimento; cria uma estrutura autista em quem a experiencia, impedindo o exercício da vontade de potência e o Amor fati.
Remarks on Heron's cubic root iteration formula
Authors: Padhan Saroj Kumar
Published: November 2016

The existence as well as the computation of roots appears in number theory, algebra, numerical analysis and other areas. The present study illustrate the contributions of several authors towards the extraction of different order roots of real number. Different methods with several approaches are studied to extract the roots of real number. Some of the methods described earlier are equivalent as observed in the present study. Heron developed a general iteration formula to determine the cube root of a real number N i.e. $\displaystyle\sqrt[3]{N}=a+\frac{bd}{bd+aD}(b-a)$, where $a^3<N<b^3$, $d=N-a^3$ and $D=b^3-N$ . Although the direct proof of the above method is not available in literature, some authors have proved the same with the help of conjectures. In the present investigation, the proof of Heron's method is explained and is generalized for any odd order roots. Thereafter it is observed that Heron's method is a particular case of the generalized method.
Common fixed point theorems without continuity and compatible property of maps
Authors: Bhardwaj Vinod , Gupta Vishal , Mani Naveen
Published: November 2016

In this paper, without assuming continuity, commutativity and compatibility of self maps, some common fixed theorem for weak contraction of integral type in complete metric spaces are proved. An example and some remarks are also given to justify that our contraction is new and weaker than other existing contractions.
Upper Bound of Second Hankel determinant for generalized Sakaguchi type spiral-like functions
Authors: Panigrahi Trailokya
Published: November 2016

In this paper, the authors introduce a generalized Sakaguchi type spiral-likefunction class S(\lambda, \beta, s, t)  and obtain  sharp upper bound to thesecond Hankel determinant |H_{2}(1)| for the function f in the above class.Relevances of the main result are also briefly indicated.
Optimal energy decay rate of Rayleigh beam equation with only one dynamic boundary control
Authors: Mercier Denis , Nicaise Serge , Sammoury Mohamad , Wehbe Ali
Published: November 2016

In \cite{WehbeRayleigh:06}, Wehbe considered the Rayleigh beam equation with two dynamical boundary controls and established the optimal polynomial energy decay rate of type $\dfrac{1}{t}$. The proof exploits in an explicit way the presence of two boundary controls, hence the case of the Rayleigh beam damped by only one dynamical boundary control remained open. In this paper, we fill this gap by considering a clamped Rayleigh beam equation subject to only on dynamical boundary feedback. First, we consider the Rayleigh beam equation subject to only one dynamical boundary control moment. We give the asymptotic expansion of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the undamped underlying system and we establish a polynomial energy decay rate of type $\frac{1}{t}$ for smooth initial data via an observability inequality of the corresponding undamped problem combined with the boundedness property of the transfer function of the associated undamped problem. Moreover, using the real part of the asymptotic expansion of eigenvalues of the damped system, we prove that the obtained energy decay rate is optimal. Next, we consider the Rayleigh beam equation subject to only one dynamical boundary control force. We start by giving the asymptotic expansion of the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions of the damped and undamped systems using an explicit approximation of the characteristic equation determining these eigenvalues. We next show that the system of eigenvectors of the damped problem form a Riesz basis. Finally, we establish the optimal energy decay rate of polynomial type $\frac{1}{\sqrt{t}}$.
Generalized quasi-uniformity in terms of covers
Authors: Mukherjee Manabendra Nath , Debray Atasi , Sinha Sunanda
Published: November 2016

Recently g-quasi uniformity has been introduced, and in the literature there al-ready is the notion of strong quasi-uniform cover for quasi-uniform spaces. Here inthis paper we generalize the notion of strong quasi-uniform cover to study g-quasiuniformity in terms of it. As applications, we also formulate some g-topologicalconcepts via this new type of cover.
The characterization of generalized Jordan centralizers on algebras
Authors: Chen Quanyuan , Fang Xiaochun , Li Changjing
Published: November 2016

In this paper, it is shown that if $\mathcal {A}$ is a CSL subalgebra of a von Neumann algebr and $\phi$ is a continuous mapping on $\mathcal {A}$ such that $(m+n+k+l)\phi(A^{2})-(m\phi(A)A+nA\phi(A)+k\phi(I)A^2+l A^2 \phi(I))\in \mathbb{F}I $ for any $A\in \mathcal {A}$, where $\mathbb{F}$ is the real field or the complex field, then $\phi$ is a centralizer. It is also shown that if $\phi$ is an additive mapping on $\mathcal {A}$ such that $(m+n+k+l)\phi(A^{2})=m\phi(A)A+nA\phi(A)+k\phi(I)A^2+l A^2 \phi(I) $for any $A\in\mathcal{A}$, then $\phi$ is a centralizer.
A note on eventually periodic endomorphisms and their maximizing measures
Authors: Gonschorowski Juliano
Published: November 2016

Given an eventually periodic endomorphism $T$ defined on a compact metric space $K$ we constructed another endomorphism $\tilde T:K\rightarrow K$ that is $C^0$-close of $T$, has a nonperiodic orbit and such that $\sup_{\mu \in M_{\tilde T}}\int f d\mu \leq \sup_{\mu \in M_{T}}\int f d\mu$.
Given the Demographics of Emotional Divorce of Spouses – How to Minimize It, Using Structural Equation Modeling: A Case Study in Egypt
Authors: Abdelmawgoud Samak Yasser Abdelazim , El-Keshky Mogeda El Sayed , Khusaifan Shatha Jamil
Published: November 2016

This study identifies eight factors: age, gender, education, occupation, place of residence, duration of marriage, number of previous marriages and number of children within the marriage, which can affect the occurrence of emotional divorce. These eight factors are explored through nine dimensions: emotional, intellectual, social-recreational, psychological, temporal, sexual, spiritual, physical and economic. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis and path diagrams are used to extract emotional divorce from the eight factors. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is run to verify the above factor structure and evaluate the influence of each variable on emotional divorce. The corresponding beta coefficients in the regression equations reveal that education is the most dominant predictor of emotional divorce, with a 5% level of significance. It is equally predominant through seven of the nine dimensions (all excluding temporal). It is concluded that demographic factors such as age, gender and education levels play an important role in people’s day-to-day lives, particularly within marriages.
Retos importantes para el establecimiento de una Ciudad Inteligente en Honduras
Authors: Zorto Aguilera Fernando , Carías Alemán Yeny
Published: November 2016

Las ciudades alrededor del mundo tienen retos muy importantes para poder solventar diferentes aspectos para que los ciudadanos que viven dentro de ellas sean miembros de sociedades mucho más justas e inteligentes. El artículo discute los retos importantes que se deben afrontar para que la ciudad de Tegucigalpa pueda convertirse en una “smart city”, basándose en el modelo de Lombardi (2012), el cual aplica el Proceso de Análisis de Red (ANP) para identificar si la ciudad cumple con los indicadores de ciudad inteligente.
Caracterizacion de las comunidades marino costeras en la playa biológica y en estero de la isla Boca de Rio Viejo
Authors: Rivas Adan , Montoya Jessy , Garcia Yolany , Canales Cristhian , Merlo Vanessa
Published: November 2016

La investigación tiene como objetivo caracterizar las comunidades marino costeras encontradas en la playa de la zona intermareal costera (C1) y en el estero de Boca de Rio Viejo (C2) y la recopilación de información que permita estimar la preferencia de habitad. La ubicación de la zona caracterizada se realizó en la comunidad costera de Boca de Rio Viejo a una latitud 13°13'17.1"N y una longitud de 87°27'19.0", en el municipio de Marcovia a 40 km aproximadamente de la Ciudad de Choluteca, el día 23 de octubre del 2015. Dentro de los objetivos específicos del estudio se determinó la abundancia de grupos taxonómicos en moluscos, mediante la comparación con dos cuadrantes de 3X3 m2 ubicados respectivamente, C1 en la zona intermareal costera, y C2 en la playa del Estero de Boca de Rio Viejo.Consecuentemente, se colectaron los organismos, se tomó la biometría, se determinó los parámetros biofísicos y el perfil de playa, del Estero Boca de Rio Viejo (13°13'36.47"N, 87°27'15.24"O) y en la zona intermareal costera (13°13'11.60"N, 87°27'27.20"O) de Isla Boca de Rio Viejo.En esta investigación se encontró los siguientes resultados, correspondientes a dos clases taxonómicos abundantes del Filo Molusco, de las Clases taxonómicas Gasterópoda y Bivalvos. Además, en los individuos colectados se encontró la presencia de epibiontes en la clase Gasterópoda. Destaca la clase taxonómica bivalvos, en C1, con una abundancia de 97.39% contando con un pH, temperatura de 7.81, 32°C respectivamente y la clase taxonómica Gasterópoda en C2, en donde se obtuvo un total de 91.07%, un pH de 8.76 y temperatura de 32°C.Dentro de la clasificación taxonómica en C1, se encontraron las siguientes familias: VENERIDAE y ARCIDAE. En C2 se encontraron las familias; NATICIDAE, NASSARIIDAE y POTAMIDIDAE. Con un total de 309 organismos colectados en C2 y 110 organismos colectados en C1. Se entiende por pleamar como el nivel más alto que alcanza el agua del mar durante la marea alta y se define bajamar como el nivel más bajo que alcanza el agua del mar durante la marea baja.
Uso de las tecnologías en el quehacer educativo en el área rural
Authors: Flores Servellón Raúl Antonio , Carias Yeny Carolina
Published: November 2016

En el presente trabajo de investigación es de tipo descriptivo, con base en un estudio situacional sobre el uso y aplicación de las tecnologías en el proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje en el área rural, la cual fue realizada en el Centro de Educación Básica José Trinidad Reyes, del municipio de Santa Ana de Yusguare, departamento de Choluteca, Honduras.Se realizaron encuestas a estudiantes del tercer ciclo que pertenecen ha dicho centro educativo, también se entrevistaron a docentes que laboran en el mencionado centro y se observó en el lugar de dicha investigación, la situación en materia tecnológica con que cuenta la institución.La información obtenida de los instrumentos aplicados se tabularon en porcentajes, frecuencias y promedio por alternativas, con el fin de dar a conocer las opiniones a las cuales está sujeta esta investigación. Con base en los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación, se percibe que los maestros no hacen un uso adecuado de las tecnologías en el centro educativo, lo cual se debe a que el centro no cuenta con el personal capacitado que pueda impartir estos conocimientos al alumnado, ya que los docentes no tienen los conocimientos avanzado de las tecnologías de información y comunicaciones (TIC).
Influencia del vidrio, azufre y sales de metales alcalinos en la porosidad del aluminio reciclado
Authors: Padilla Jenny Esmeralda , Álvarez Maldonado Covadonga
Published: November 2016

Los estudiantes del módulo de Metalurgia Aplicada de la Carrera de Química Industrial de la UNAH-VS del primer período de 2014, desarrollaron una investigación con el fin de buscar una mejora en la porosidad que presenta el aluminio reciclado de latas para diferentes tipos de bebidas.Para el desarrollo de este estudio se tomó como punto de partida la baja producción de aluminio que existe en nuestro país, siendo esta generada únicamente por procesos de fundición artesanales. Sin embargo, durante estos procesos el aluminio obtenido presenta baja dureza y, por tanto, un alto grado de porosidad, lo que impide la comercialización del aluminio reciclado en el extranjero. Es por ello que se decidió buscar una composición química adecuada para la producción de aluminio de alta dureza a partir del reciclaje de latas de este metal.Con el fin de llevar a cabo los diferentes experimentos, se fabricó un horno de fundición para elaborar diferentes aleaciones de aluminio conteniendo: azufre, vidrio, sal de mesa y bicarbonato de sodio en diversas combinaciones y proporciones; posteriormente, se realizó una determinación de sus densidades y durezas.Se hizo una comparación de las durezas y densidades obtenidas y se identificó una composición química que permita disminuir la porosidad del aluminio obtenido por reciclaje, con lo cual se espera obtener aluminio con un alto grado de pureza mediante la utilización de sales de metales alcalinos como fundente y aplicando una producción más limpia en la medida de lo posible.
Pelargonidina extraída del rábano como sustituto de indicadores de pH ácido-base de origen sintético
Authors: Bardales Martínez Andrea Carolina , Dalila Ventura Irma
Published: November 2016

La pelargonidina extraída del rábano es una antocianina que bajo la influencia de la acidez o basicidad del medio en que se encuentra, proporciona diferentes coloraciones, ofreciendo así la característica de un indicador de pH. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los indicadores de pH ácido-base de origen sintético, empleados en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras en el Valle de Sula, que pudieran ser sustituidos por la pelargonidina extraída del rábano.El diseño de esta investigación fue de tipo experimental de campo, la recolección de datos fue llevada a cabo extrayendo la antocianina del rábano y determinando los puntos de viraje presentados por esta. Subsecuentemente, se realizó una serie de titulaciones empleando el extracto del rábano y los indicadores de pH de origen sintético que coincidieron con el intervalo de viraje presentado por la pelargonidina. Los resultados fueron discutidos y evaluados a través de herramientas estadísticas.El 66.67 % de los indicadores de pH de origen sintético presentó una desviación estándar mayor que la pelargonidina en las titulaciones realizadas. Las determinaciones de pH para sustancias de prueba en prácticas de laboratorio de química general de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras en el Valle de Sula, brindaron resultados similares tanto con indicador de pH de origen sintético como con la antocianina extraída del rábano.El 100 % de los indicadores de pH evaluados en la investigación pueden ser fácilmente sustituidos por la pelargonidina extraída del rábano.
La cultura organizacional como base del cumplimiento de objetivos estratégicos organizacionales
Authors: Paz Subillaga Alfredo Augusto , Núñez Rafael
Published: November 2016

Para los gestores de capital humano en las organizaciones, es vital poder contar con herramientas, factores y aspectos que les permitan alcanzar los objetivos propuestos, tanto de su área como de la organización en general. Esto conlleva a que los gestores deban y sepan acoplar y comprender variables de y en su propia gestión que permitan poder llegar a buen puerto con lo que una organización desea avanzar en su desarrollo.Tal es el caso de la cultura organizacional, que a su vez es una herramienta intangible en muchos aspectos, pero es tan poderosa que se puede sentir su peso dentro del ambiente organizacional. Igualmente, está el establecimiento, desarrollo y consecución de objetivos organizacionales estratégicos que son apoyados en gran parte por esta cultura organizacional. El enlace de estas dos variables da como resultado una cultura de cumplimiento por parte de los colaboradores en una organización.El objetivo de esta investigación es demostrar la importancia que existe entre el enlace de estas dos variables, que a su vez pueda permitir la sensibilización entre los gestores de recursos humanos y la cúpula organizacional. Es una investigación de carácter descriptivo y muestra en sus principales resultados que la atención y seguimiento de las variables tratadas por los gestores de recursos humanos en las empresas metalmecánicas son aspectos que pueden ayudar a alcanzar objetivos estratégicos de una manera más concreta y adecuada.Esta investigación es de tipo cuantitativa con propósito descriptivo, en la cual se trabajó una muestra total de 16 gerentes de recursos humanos de empresas metal-mecánicas, consideradas grandes, que cuentan con más de mil empleados de la Ciudad de Guatemala.Entre las conclusiones más importantes de esta investigación están: la atención y manejo de la cultura organizacional por parte de los gestores de capital humano y de la cúpula de las organizaciones, lo que permite cumplir muchos objetivos como ahorrar costos laborales y mantener una identificación del personal hacia su organización.Se necesita que la misión de los gestores del capital humano esté mucho más enfocada en la parte estratégica, pues esto permite que su gestión tenga mucha más atención por parte de la cúpula organizacional, a tener solamente una gestión operativa sin relevancia.Al momento de enlazar estas dos variables se requiere compromiso por parte no solo del área de capital humano, sino todo un compromiso a nivel general para que esto les permita ser una organización proactiva y no reactiva.
Growth regulators and substrates for Oncidium baueri Lindl. micropropagation
Authors: Rodrigues Daniele Brandstetter , Nadal Michele Carla , Camargo Samila Silva , Assis Adriane Marinho de , Schuch Márcia Wullf , Peil Roberta Marins Nogueira , Faria Ricardo Tadeu
Published: November 2016

An adequate concentration of growth regulators as well as the replacement of agar by an alternative medium may be promising from practical and financial points of view to produce orchid plants by micropropagation. The objective of this work was to evaluate different concentrations of growth regulator and alternative substrates for agar replacement in culture medium for in vitro multiplication and rooting of Oncidium baueri. In the explant multiplication phase, two experimental factors were evaluated- various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg L-1) and substrates (agar, vermiculite, and coconut fiber) added to MS medium. In the rooting phase, different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L-1) were added to culture medium containing the same substrate. Six months after the experiments were initiated, the survival percentage, number of leaves, shoots, and roots and length of the aerial part and the major root were evaluated. The results suggested that addition of 1.0 mg L-1 BAP is necessary for the O. baueri in vitro multiplication phase, but IBA is not necessary in the rooting phase. For the substrate, vermiculite is not indicated as an agar replacement. In contrast, coconut fiber can be used in both multiplication and rooting phases of Oncidium baueri in vitro culture.
Preliminary design of a coffee harvester
Authors: Moreira Raphael Magalhães Gomes , Teixiera Mauri Martins , Santos Fábio Lúcio , Fernandes Haroldo Carlos , Cecon Paulo Roberto
Published: November 2016

Design of an agricultural machine is a highly complex process due to interactions between the operator, machine, and environment. Mountain coffee plantations constitute an economic sector that requires huge investments for the development of agricultural machinery to improve the harvesting and post-harvesting processes and to overcome the scarcity of work forces in the fields. The aim of this study was to develop a preliminary design for a virtual prototype of a coffee fruit harvester. In this study, a project methodology was applied and adapted for the development of the following steps: project planning, informational design, conceptual design, and preliminary design. The construction of a morphological matrix made it possible to obtain a list of different mechanisms with specific functions. The union between these mechanisms resulted in variants, which were weighed to attribute scores for each selected criterion. From each designated proposal, two variants with the best scores were selected and this permitted the preparation of the preliminary design of both variants. The archetype was divided in two parts, namely the hydraulically articulated arms and the harvesting system that consisted of the vibration mechanism and the detachment mechanism. The proposed innovation involves the use of parallel rods, which were fixed in a plane and rectangular metal sheet. In this step, dimensions including a maximum length of 4.7 m, a minimum length of 3.3 m, and a total height of 2.15 m were identified based on the functioning of the harvester in relation to the coupling point of the tractor.
Shading of stock plants and the use of auxin in red pitaya cuttings
Authors: Almeida Edmilson Igor Bernardo , Queiroz Ronialison Fernandes , Cajazeira João Paulo , Oliveira Iana Maria de Souza , Corrêa Márcio Cleber de Medeiros
Published: November 2016

Although there has been a significant expansion of red pitaya cultivation in Brazil and other countries around the world, its cultivation requires scientific expertise to identify the plant production systems best suited to Brazilian soils and climate. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of exogenous auxin and shading of the parental stock plants on the subsequent quality of red pitaya cuttings. The use of a commercial rooting auxin (with and without) and five shading levels on stock plants (full sun, 35, 50, 65 and 80% shading) were tested via four randomized blocks in a factorial 2x5 scheme with two plants per plot. After 90 days, the following vegetative characteristics were evaluated: length of the longest root (LR), root dry mass (RDM), root width (RW), shoot fresh weight (SFW) and shoot dry weight (SDW), total dry weight (TDW), number of axillary shoots (NAS), sum of the length of the axillary shoots (SLAS), and shoot:root ratio (SRR). We concluded that for the production of high quality plants, collecting cuttings from stock plants grown in full sun or 80% shade is recommended, eliminating the need to use commercial rooting auxin.
Chemical properties of an Oxisol after gypsum application
Authors: Moraes Victor Roncaratti de , Melo Thadeu Rodrigues de , Brito Osmar Rodrigues
Published: November 2016

Gypsum utilization is a critical practice in agriculture because of the high solubility and consequent relative neutralization of subsurface toxic aluminum. However, it has been observed that in most cases, gypsum is being randomly utilized without scientifically established parameters or even the need to use it as a soil amendment at all. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and electrical conductivity of an Oxisol’s saturation extract under different gypsum doses (0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 Mg ha-1). This experiment was conducted in a greenhouse environment. Soil columns (V = 1.57 dm3) were filled with sifted (2 mm) soil collected from the upper layer (0-20 cm). The experimental design adopted was completely randomized with five repetitions. The treatments consisted of a 5 × 2 factorial through five gypsum doses (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 Mg ha-1 of gypsum consisting of 224.1 g kg-1 S, 314.8 g kg-1 CaO, and 7 g kg-1 P2O5) and two depth evaluations (0-10 and 10-20 cm). After the treatments, soil from both 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm layers was removed from the columns, sifted once (2 mm), and subjected to vacuum extraction to assess the saturation extract. The data acquired was processed and submitted to variance analysis (when due) and adjusted to regression equations when statistically relevant. Significant increases were observed for Ca, Mg, K, P, and S, although Al, Si, and pH presented no statistically significant difference. The electrical conductivity value of this soil in particular is directly related to the gypsum dose.
First record of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), parasitoids of African fig fly Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae), in the Caatinga biome
Authors: Santos Wigna Gabriela Nunes , Fernandes Elania Clementino , Souza Mariana Macedo , Guimarães Jorge Anderson , Araujo Elton Lucio
Published: November 2016

This study records the occurrence of eucoilines (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), parasitoids of the African fig fly Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae), in the Brazilian semi-arid Caatinga biome. We obtained from mango (Mangifera indica L.) and guava (Psidium guajava L.) fruits Drosophilidae pupae, which developed into Z. indianus and two species of Eucoilinae parasitoids, Dicerataspis grenadensis Ashmead and Leptopilina boulardi (Barbotin, Carlton & Kelner-Pillaut). This is the first record of the parasitoids D. grenadensis and L. boulardi in the Caatinga biome.