bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intense and persistent bottom trawling impairs long-term carbon storage in shelf sea sediments
Authors: Zhang Wenyan , Porz Lucas , Yilmaz Rümeysa , Wallmann Klaus , Spiegel Timo , Neumann Andreas , Holtappels Moritz , Kasten Sabine , Kuhlmann Jannis , Ziebarth Nadja , Taylor Bettina ,   Ha Ho-Hagemann1, Daewel Ute , Schrum Corinna
Published: September 2023

Bottom trawling represents the most widespread anthropogenic physical disturbance to shelf sea sediments 1-3. While trawling-induced changes in benthic communities are widely recognized, current evidence of its impact on long-term organic carbon (OC) storage in seabed sediments remains controversial 2,4-6. To address this, we first combined independent datasets of sediment and bottom trawling intensity for the global shelf seas and for a heavily trawled region, the North Sea, respectively, to explore the relationship between OC storage and trawling. A pattern emerges when comparing the surface sediment OC-to-mud ratio (OC/mud) and the trawling intensity represented by the annual swept area ratio (SAR). OC/mud is relatively scattered where SAR < 1, but becomes increasingly confined to a narrower and lower range as SAR increases. The constraint of bottom trawling on OC/mud can be described by a power function, namely OC/mud ≤ 0.25×SAR-0.25. We then applied three-dimensional physical–biogeochemical modeling to investigate the underlying driving mechanisms. Results suggest that intense and persistent trawling (SAR > 1) results in a net reduction of sedimentary carbon in the long term. The identified dependence of OC/mud on trawling, and the associated process-based understanding could assist both national and international marine spatial planning for climate change mitigation.
Poor health-related quality of life in people living with HIV co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 in France (the COVIDHIV study)
Authors: Amboise Yvenie , Yaya Issifou , Yombo-Kokule Lisa. , Roucoux Guillaume , Ossima Arnaud Nze , Preau Marie , Griffith James W , Marcellin Fabienne , Chassany Olivier , Cheret Antoine , Duracinsky Martin
Published: September 2023

Background: Among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), comorbid conditions, including COVID-19, could favor impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQL). This study aimed to assess HRQL and its correlates among PLWHA co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 in France.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from PLWHA co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 collected at inclusion in the COVIDHIV cohort study. HRQL was measured using the four dimensions of PROQOL-HIV scale: Physical Health Symptom (PHS), Mental and Cognitive (MC), Social Relationship (SR), Treatment Impact (TI). Factors associated with each dimension were identified using linear regression.
Findings: Of the 371 participants included in this study, 64.7% were male, their mean age (SD) was 52(±12) years. The mean (SD) scores of the HRQL dimensions were 76.7(±21.1) for PHS, 79.2(±23.6) for SR, 67.3(±27.4) for MC and 83.9(±16.5) for TI.
Better PHS score was associated with being professionally active and good self-perceived knowledge about COVID-19. Having acquired HIV by blood transfusion, stage C of CDC HIV-classification, having received discharge instructions in hospital, and number of self-reported symptoms were associated with worse score in PHS dimension.
Living in a couple was associated with better SR score. Having received instructions at hospital discharge, being at stage C of CDC HIV-classification, having acquired HIV by drug injection, number of self-reported symptoms, and self-perceived vulnerable to COVID-19 were associated with worse score in SR dimension.
Better score in the MC dimension was associated with being professionally active, and being born in metropolitan France, while being female, having detectable HIV viral-load, having received instructions at hospital discharge, self-perceived vulnerable to COVID-19, smoking, and number of self-reported symptoms were associated with worse score in MC dimension.
Being born in metropolitan France, having acquired HIV in homosexual or bisexual relationships were associated with better score in TI dimension. Having detectable HIV viral-load, psychiatric disorders, and number of self-reported symptoms were associated with worse score in TI dimension.
Conclusion: Among PLWHIV co-infected with SARS-CoV-2, the scores of HRQL were impaired, particularly in the MC dimension. The knowledge of associated factors can help clinicians for better care of this population.
Iron Oxide Gold-bearing Ore Processing Based on Ore Characterization: Gravity Pre-concentration and Cyanide Dissolution
Authors: Roostaei Hamidreza , Kordparijaei Masoumeh , Mesroghli Shahin
Published: September 2023

The application of ore characterization and mineralogy holds a significant role in the development of a mineral processing route. The current investigation endeavors to evaluate the processing of iron oxide gold-bearing minerals exhibiting a gold grade of 1.07 g/ton. First, the mineralogical and microscopic characteristics of the ore sample were scrutinized. Subsequently, the recovery of gold from the ore was analyzed through gravity concentration and cyanidation techniques, following the characterization of minerals and ore using diverse methodologies. The outcomes revealed that the sample comprised free gold and oxidized structures, predominantly in the size fraction of -149 + 88 microns, and smaller within the range of 5–10 microns. Pre-concentration of gold-bearing minerals was performed via gravity separation techniques, including a shaking table and Knelson separator. The results indicated that the recovery of gold through these methods was limited, likely due to insufficient quantities of free gold present in the coarse-grained fractions. Subsequent cyanidation studies were conducted at pH 10.5, utilizing sodium cyanide concentrations of 3000 mg/l, and varying temperature, solid percentage, and size distribution parameters. The highest gold recovery rate of 95.03% was achieved in the size distribution of d80 = 53 microns, at a temperature of 80° C and a solid percentage of 25%. If a detailed technical and economic evaluation is conducted to optimize energy consumption and reduce grinding costs in the industry, it may be feasible to use the size distribution of d80 = 147 microns as the appropriate particle size for the cyanidation process, where a gold recovery rate of 90.51% was achieved at ambient temperature with a solid percentage of 30%.
Optimal control of agricultural products group-purchasing service quality based on altruistic preference
Authors: Mu Xiaoyue , Xie Rongjian
Published: September 2023

In this paper, the dynamic game theory and the optimal control theory are combined to construct the differential game equation of the quality control of agricultural products group purchasing service, and the influence of altruistic preference and reward and punishment mechanism on the quality of agricultural products group purchasing service is studied. The numerical solution and simulation of the model are carried out by using MATLAB software, and the game relationship and evolution process of competition and cooperation among various organizational entities in the agricultural products group purchasing system are explained. The research shows that the sales price of agricultural products in the case of centralized decision-making is lower than that in the altruistic mode; the government 's increase in reward and punishment factors will stimulate the enthusiasm of the agricultural product group purchasing platform and supplier quality control level ; when the service quality standard of agricultural product group purchasing reaches a certain threshold, the government 's increase in reward and punishment factors will reduce the profits of agricultural product group purchasing platforms and suppliers ; the altruistic preference behavior of agricultural product group purchasing platform is conducive to Pareto improvement of supply chain performance under decentralized decision-making mode.
Work and Health Conditions among Nursing Workers in Brazil
Authors: Ornellas Thue , Monteiro Ines
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To identify the working conditions, which are determining factors for the consolidation of the workforce and the productive aging of nursing professionals, and factors related to the health of nursing workers in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
Methods: Cross-sectional study with 380 workers from the four main health institutions in the city where the study was conducted. The survey data collection coincided with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lack of vaccines.
Results: The majority were women, and the average age was 41.3 years. The reported adverse working conditions were inadequate lighting, excess weight to handle and working on weekends or holidays. Health problems in the last 15 days, stress, having another job and fearing damage due to medical leave increased the probability of having exhaustion after the workday. Being a male, being a male nurse, reporting having equal or worse health compared to people of the same age, presenting health problems in the last 15 days and wanting to leave the current job.
Conclusion: Work and health conditions can contribute positively or negatively to improving work ability and functional aging.
Quantifying future changes of flood hazards within the Broadland catchment in the UK
Authors: Gudde Ross , He Yi , Pasquier Ulysse , Forstenhäusler Nicole , Noble Ciar , Zha Qianyu
Published: September 2023

Flooding represents the greatest natural threat to the UK, presenting severe risk to populations along coastlines and floodplains through extreme tidal surge and hydrometeorological events. Climate change is projected to significantly elevate flood risk through increased severity and frequency of occurrences, which will be exacerbated by external drivers of risk such as property development and population growth throughout floodplains. This investigation explores the entire flood hazard modelling chain, utilising the nonparametric bias correction of UKCP18 regional climate projections, the distributed HBV-TYN hydrological model and HEC-RAS hydraulic model to assess future manifestation of flood hazard within the Broadland Catchment, UK. When assessing the independent impact of extreme river discharge and storm surge events as well as the impact of a compound event of the two along a high emission scenario, exponential increases in hazard extent over time were observed. The flood extent increases from 197 km2 in 1990 to 200 km2 in 2030, and 208 km2 in 2070. In parallel, exponential population exposure increases were found from 13,917 (1990) to 14,088 (2030) to 18,785 (2070). This methodology could see integration into policy-based flood risk management by use of the developed hazard modelling tool for future planning and suitability of existing infrastructure at a catchment scale.
Mutation and Expression Analysis of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Associated Genes Spectrum in a Pakistani Male through Comprehensive Next-generation Sequencing
Authors: Naeem Maryam , Asad Laiba , Jahan Marium , Amin Humaira , Ahmed Ibrar , Masood Asim Hassan , Anees Mariam , Murtaza Iram , Sultan Aneesa
Published: September 2023

Purpose This case study covers a Pakistani man with GIST at the gastroesophageal junction, which is rare and confirmed by CT scan and immunophenotyping (Desmin+, CD117+, SMA+) and we aimed to probe the mutational landscape through NGS techniques to elucidate the key genes mutations involved in incidence and progression of GIST.Methodology Mutational status is examined through whole exome sequencing and mRNA sequencing using tumor tissue against adjacent control tissue.Results These analyses revealed a number of deleterious mutations in genes associated with cancer, metabolism and RAS/RAF pathways. These include PDGFRA, NF1, SDHA, and others. The mRNA transcripts analysis revealed 2441 Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), among which 63 were upregulated and 137 were downregulated. These genes showed enrichment in biological processes such as cell adhesion matrix, metabolism, cellular senescence, and positive regulation of cellular component proliferation along with cancer-associated pathways such as PI3K/AKT, mTOR, and RAS. The common pathway results of the NGS analysis identified significantly deregulated genes including the upregulated GNB1 and CSFR3 while downregulated FOXD2, HES5, CDKN2C, FOXO6, TP73, RAP1GAP, RPS6KA1, PRKCZ, INNP5B. These genes showed enrichment in EMT, cell migration, and invasion by increased activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.Conclusion NGS data analysis confirmed that these genes could play a key role in driving molecular pathways for gastrointestinal stromal tumorigenesis. This study provided a wide spectrum of molecular characterization of GISTs in Pakistani man and its first time reported and could be a pilot study for driver mutations and therapeutic aspects.
Evaluating Bacterial Spore Preparation Methods for Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Malyshev Dmitry , Lee Cheng Choo , Andersson Magnus
Published: September 2023

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) can reveal the ultrastructure of bacterial spores, including morphology, surface features, shape, texture, spore damage, germination, and surface appendages. Understanding these features can provide a basis for adherence, how physical and environmental stressors affect spore viability, integrity and functionality, as well as the structure, distribution and function of surface appendages. However, the spore sample preparation method can significantly impact the SEM images' appearance, resolution, and overall quality. In this study, we compare different spore preparation methods to identify optimal approaches for preparation time, spore appearance and resolved features, including the exosporium and spore pili, for SEM imaging. We use B. paranthracis as model species and evaluate the efficacy of preparation protocols using different fixation and drying methods, as well as imaging under room- and cryogenic temperatures. By systematically assessing the required sample volume, preparation time, method complexity, and visual details of the spore surface, exosporium, and spore appendages, we aim to determine the most suitable method for preserving spore structures and surface features during SEM evaluation. The findings from this study will help establish protocols for preparing bacterial spores for SEM and facilitating accurate and reliable analysis of spores' characteristics.
Stem cells derived exosomes as biological Nano carriers for VCR sulfate for treating breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Farouk Ahmed H. , Aref Ahmed M. , Fathy Belal A. , Abdallah Ahmed N.
Published: September 2023

Due to vincristine sulfate's (VCR sulfate) toxicity and non-specific targeting, which might adversely damage healthy cells, its clinical application is restricted. In this study, we loaded VCR sulfate on exosomes generated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to enhance its targeted distribution. Exosomes are able to deliver molecules to specific cells and tissues and have therapeutic potential. In this study we isolated exosomes from MSCs, and using probe-sonication approach loaded them with VCR sulfate. Using SRB assay, cytotoxicity of VCR sulfate-Exo was assessed in T47D breast cancer cells, and the results were contrasted with those of free VCR sulfate. Then We labelled markers (CD44+/CD24-) in the cell line to assess the targeting effectiveness of VCR sulfate-Exo using flow cytometry. Our results showed that the cytotoxicity of VCR sulfate-Exo was nearly the same as VCR sulfate. Analysis using flow cytometry revealed that VRC sulfate-Exo was more effectively targeted to MSCs than free VCR sulfate. Our study shows that loading VCR sulfate to MSCs derived exosomes can improve their targeted delivery and lessen their side effects. Additional research is required to determine the in vivo effectiveness and safety of VCR sulfate-Exo and to improve the loading and delivery strategies.
Age-related changes of trace element contents in normal human breast investigated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Zaichick Vladimir , Dogadkin Denis , Tyurin Dmitry , Shirokova Valentina , Dogadkin Nikolay , Kolotov Vladimir
Published: September 2023

The etiology of breast cancer remains largely unclear, however, it is well known that the incidence of this disease increases with age. In the presented work, for the first time, the age-related changes of Al, As, B, Ba, Bi, Cd, Ce, Cr, Cu, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Ti, W, and Zn content in the mammary gland of women aged 16–60 years was investigated. For this purpose, a method based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was employed, which makes it possible to determine the mass fractions of these trace elements in microsamples (mass from 10 mg) of breast tissue. With the help of this method, the material obtained during the autopsy of 38 practically healthy women aged 16–60 years who died suddenly was studied. Trace element mass fractions were determined in two age groups of women: 16–40 and 41–60 years old. Using the parametric Student's t-test and the non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U-test to compare two age groups, as well as Pearson's correlation coefficients between age and trace elements mass fractions, it was found that the Cu, Mg, Rb, and Zn mass fractions in normal breast tissue decrease with age, while the As mass fraction increase. The phenomenon of the age-related changes of trace elements mass fractions in the normal mammary gland, discovered for the first time, requires further detailed study.
Tangent bundle of pseudo-sphere and Non-null slant ruled surfaces
Authors: Karaca Emel
Published: September 2023

A unique type of ruled surface called a slant ruled surface has some fixed directions in the space and Frenet vectors that form a constant angle with one another. In this study, we construct the novel approximation for this slant ruled surface, also known as a non-null slant ruled surface, which was obtained by the striction curve of the natural lift curve. The relationship between the slant ruled surfaces acquired by the striction curves of the natural lift curves and pseudo-spheres is then derived via E. Study mapping. Furthermore, the striction curves of the natural lift curves in $E^{3}_{1}$ are used to classify as $\vec{\bar{q}}-,\vec{\bar{h}}-,\vec{\bar{a}}-$ spacelike (resp., timelike) slant ruled surfaces. We also provide some additional cases that may illustrate the important results.
Characteristics of the Structural Connectivity of the Patients with Brain Injury and Chronic Health Symptoms
Authors: Kang Xiaojian , Yoon Byung C. , Adamson Maheen M.
Published: September 2023

Diffusion properties from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are exquisitely sensitive to white matter abnormalities incurred during traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially for those patients with chronic post-TBI symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, fatigue, etc. The evaluation of structural and functional connectivity using DTI has become a promising method for identifying subtle alterations in brain connectivity associated with TBI that are otherwise not visible with conventional imaging. This study assessed whether TBI patients with or without chronic symptoms (TBIcs/TBIncs) exhibit any changes in structural connectivity (SC) and mean fractional anisotropy (mFA) of intra- and inter-hemispheric connections when compared to a control group (CG). Reductions in SC and mFA were observed for TBIcs compared to CG, but not for TBIncs. More connections were found to have mFA reductions than SC reductions. On the whole, SC is dominated by ipsilateral connections for all the groups after the comparison of contralateral and ipsilateral connections. More contra-ipsi reductions of mFA were found for TBIcs than TBIncs compared to CG. These findings suggest that TBI patients with chronic symptoms not only demonstrate decreased global and regional mFA but also reduced structural network efficiency.
Design and Development of an External Modular Pi-XTS Robot for Detecting Presence of Defects in Pipelines
Authors: James Steve , Rajasekaran Ambigai
Published: September 2023

This paper presents an external semi-autonomous inspection robot capable of detecting surface cracks on steel pipelines. External inspection of pipeline in unstructured environment remains a challenge. A novel modular design of the robot is proposed to enable easy handling and placement of the robot on the pipeline surface. However, in order to establish a modular design a scanning mechanism is developed for the inspection approach. Furthermore, power transfer between modules and thermal studies on the pipeline is also carried out. In this paper we investigate the possibility of high manoeuvrability of modular robot in both horizontal and inclined pipelines. An ultrasonic inspection method is adopted and integrated to the scanner module for inspection of cracks on a 60mm diameter pipeline. We further validate its effectiveness by experimental verification and represented its accuracy, inspection duration on comparison with theoretical formulation.
An Adaptive Learning Rate Deep Learning Optimizer Using Long and Short-Term Gradients Based on G-L Fractional-order Derivative
Authors: Chen Shuang , Zhang Changlun , Mu Haibing
Published: September 2023

Deep learning model is a multi-layered network structure, and the network parameters that evaluate the final performance of the model must be trained by a deep learning optimizer. In comparison to the mainstream optimizers that utilize integer-order derivatives reflecting only local information, fractional-order derivatives optimizers, which can capture global information, are gradually gaining attention. However, relying solely on the long-term estimated gradients computed from fractional-order derivatives while disregarding the influence of recent gradients on the optimization process can sometimes lead to issues such as local optima and slower optimization speeds. In this paper, we design an adaptive learning rate optimizer called AdaGL based on the Grünwald-Letnikov (G-L) fractional-order derivative. It changes the direction and step size of parameter updating dynamically according to the long-term and short-term gradients information, addressing the problem of falling into local minima or saddle points. To be specific, by utilizing the global memory of fractional-order calculus, we replace the gradient of parameter update with G-L fractional-order approximated gradient, making better use of the long-term curvature information in the past. Furthermore, considering that the recent gradient information often impacts the optimization phase significantly, we propose a step size control coefficient to adjust the learning rate in real-time. To compare the performance of the proposed AdaGL with the current advanced optimizers, we conduct several different deep learning tasks, including image classification on CNNs, node classification and graph classification on GNNs, image generation on GANs, and language modeling on LSTM. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that AdaGL achieves stable and fast convergence, excellent accuracy, and good generalization performance.
Instruction of Data Analysis: Take Wordle as an example
Authors: Jiang Yuchen
Published: September 2023

Have you ever been helpless with huge data? Don’t know how to extract useful information from massive data? This article is designed to help you analyze your data step by step through Wordle game. Wordle is a recently developed word game that offers instantaneous feedback for each attempt and attracts a substantial player base. The act of sharing daily play statistics on Twitter by a significant number of players generates a considerable volume of data. Therefore , a study is being conducted based on the aforementioned data. This paper centers on examining Wordle’s statistical metrics and formulating prognostica-tions regarding forthcoming player figures through a variety of models, including ARIMA, KNN and neural network. The Gradient Boosting Decision Tree algorithm was employed to forecast the number of attempts by leveraging the analysis of word frequency and letter repetition within words. The K-means and Gaussian mixture model were used for clustering the difficulty levels of all words. Subsequently , the difficulty level of the word ”EERIE” was predicted. These steps will provide guidance for conducting data analysis in the future work. Our code is available at https://github.com/3249514357enenenyue/wordle
Prediction and detection of localised corrosion attack of stainless steel in biogas production: Machine Learning Classification Approach
Authors: Jimenez-Come María Jesús , Gallero Francisco Javier González , Gómez Pascual Álvarez , Matres Victoria
Published: September 2023

Biogas contributes to environmental protection by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting the recycling of organic waste. Its utilization plays a crucial role in addressing the challenges of climate change and sustainability. However, the deterioration of process plants involved in biogas production due to corrosion has a critical impact on the safety and durability of their operations. In order to maintain safety of structures in service life with respect to corrosion, it is essential to develop effective corrosion engineering control methods. The electrochemical techniques have become a useful tool to evaluate corrosion resistance. However, these techniques may require microscopic analysis of the material surface and the analysis may be influenced by subjective factors. To solve this drawback, this work proposes the use of SVM models to predict corrosion status of the material used in biogas production with no need to perform microscopic analysis after the electrochemical test. The obtained results of sensitivity and specificity equal to 0.94 and 0.97, respectively, revealed the utility of the proposed stochastic models to assure the corrosion state of the equipment involved in biogas production. SVM-based models become an effective alternative to evaluate material durability accurately.
Bevacizumab and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for First-Recurrence Glioblastoma
Authors: Zhang Jeff F. , Okai Bernard , Iovoli Austin , Goulenko Victor , Attwood Kristopher , Lim Jaims , Hess Ryan M. , Abad Ajay P. , Prasad Dheerendra , Fenstermaker Robert A.
Published: September 2023

Introduction
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common central nervous system malignancy in adults. Despite decades of developments in surgical management, radiation treatment, chemotherapy, and tumor treating field therapy, GBM remains an ultimately fatal disease. There is currently no definitive standard of care for patients with recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) following failure of initial management.
Objective
In this retrospective cohort study, we set out to examine the relative effects of bevacizumab and Gamma Knife radiosurgery on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with GBM at first-recurrence.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with rGBM who underwent treatment with bevacizumab and/or Gamma Knife radiosurgery at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center between 2012 and 2022. Mean PFS and OS were determined for each of our three treatment groups: Bevacizumab Only, Bevacizumab Plus Gamma Knife, and Gamma Knife Only.
Results
Patients in the combined treatment group demonstrated longer post-recurrence median PFS (7.7 months) and median OS (11.5 months) compared to glioblastoma patients previously reported in the literature, and showed improvements in total PFS (p=0.015), total OS (p=0.0050), post-recurrence PFS (p=0.018), and post-recurrence OS (p=0.0082) compared to patients who received either bevacizumab or Gamma Knife as monotherapy.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that the combined use of bevacizumab with concurrent stereotactic radiosurgery can have improve survival in patients with rGBM.
Role of a cuproptosis-related prognostic signature in uveal melanoma tumor microenvironment and immune responses
Authors: Zhong Enyu , Yu Li , Cao Yuchang , Lu Ye , Cao Yang
Published: September 2023

Background
The most common intraocular cancer is uveal melanoma (UVM). A unique mechanism of cell death, known as cuproptosis, is linked to the development, prognosis, and immunity of tumors. Cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) may play a role in UVM prognosis; however, this remains unclear.
Methods
We performed single-cell analysis and unsupervised cluster analysis from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-UVM databases. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify genes associated with molecular subtypes and cuproptosis scores. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and multivariate Cox analysis were then used to build a prognostic risk model. Using Cox analysis, independent prognostic indicators were confirmed.
Results
We identified two prognostic genes (DLD and PDHB) to construct the CRGs signature. Using Cox regression analysis, the risk score was found to be an independent prognostic predictor. Significantly more patients in the low-risk group survived than those in the high-risk group. Meanwhile, nine immune cells (Monocytes, M1 macrophages, T cells CD8), immune score, stromal score, two immune cells and related functions (aDCs and Th2 cells), and immune checkpoint expression (ICOS, CD48, and CD70) were all related to the risk score. The correlation of DLD and Wnt.C59, Sinularin were investigated. And meanwhile, it was confirmed that PDHB was significantly relevant to fibroblasts and NK cells. Finally, the expressions of DLD and PDHB might be affected by the KEGG pathway of cell cycle and Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis.
Conclusion
This study identified cuproptosis-associated prognostic genes for UVM and provided new insights into its treatment.
STO-Enabled Double Perovskite Solar Cell Incorporating (FA) 2 BiCuI 6 as Absorber Material Without HTL
Authors: Yadav Shivangi , Lohia Pooja , Sahu Anupam
Published: September 2023

In this study, an environmental friendly heterostructure perovskite solar cell is constructed using non-toxic, lead-free double perovskite material (FA)2BiCuI6 as an active layer. The proposed device architecture is FTO/STO/(FA)2BiCuI6/GO/Pd. An extensive theoretical analysis and optimization is conducted using SCAPS-1D simulation tool. The thickness of absorber layer, shallow acceptor density, back metal contact and operating temperature are varied to optimize performance parameter of device. Optimized results have been observed at 700 nm absorber thickness for shallow acceptor density 1.0 × 1019 cm− 3 and 300 K operating temperature. A small value of series resistance 1 Ω cm2 along with high shunt resistance 100000 Ω cm2 is incorporated from the initial condition. The solar cell characteristics obtained are as open circuit voltage 1.10 V, short circuit current density 26.03 mA/cm2, fill factor 86.62 %, and device power conversion efficiency 24.69 %. The study concludes that the metal-work function can be carefully modulated to further enhance the performance characteristics of a device. Further current density–voltage characteristics (J-V), capacitance-voltage (C-V), and capacitance-frequency (C-f) characteristics have also been studied to explore the electrical characteristics of device. These findings suggest that a thorough analysis of materials could lead to their potential use as a high-performance active material for solar applications.
Examining Factors Affecting Mobile Money Usage and Its Impact on Livelihood in Ghana
Authors: Adams Ekuban Charles Aaron , Gopakumar Shivapratap
Published: September 2023

The study examines factors affecting the acceptance of mobile money usage and its impact on livelihood in Ghana. A holistic view of mobile money usage suggests that, it is still a rapidly a novel area for research in developing countries and has the potential to better the livelihoods of people. For this reason, it is imperative to find out the factors affecting the wide usage of mobile money and its impact on livelihood. It used TAM as the theoretical lens to examine mobile money user’s acceptance and empirically validated data by using regression analysis. Data was collected from mobile money users through an online survey through a structured questionnaire. Purposive and Simple Random sampling approach, were used as the research methodology to select 385 mobile money users in Ghana. Results showed that all constructs (PU, PEOU, PS, PEOL) influenced consumers' desire to use mobile money services which has improved and facilitated the growth of small businesses, provided secure transactions, and provided savings. Mobile money services have also given access to credit, reduced corruption, and job opportunities in areas like customer service, mobile money agent networks. The study recommends that mobile money service providers should provide services that provide ease of use and usefulness to consumers.
Comparative Environmental Impact Analysis of Electric, Hybrid, and Conventional Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles
Authors: Sinha Rohit
Published: September 2023

This research paper presents a comprehensive wringer of the environmental impact of electric cars, hybrid cars, and conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) cars, with a focus on challenging the conventional weighing that electric cars are inherently increasingly environmentally friendly. Drawing inspiration from a recent study conducted by Prof. Avinash Agarwal of IIT Kanpur, this research seeks to provide a unique perspective on the topic by considering various factors and providing fresh insights into the sustainability of these automotive technologies. The study employs a holistic life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, examining not only tailpipe emissions but moreover manufacturing, electricity generation, and end-of-life disposal impacts. The findings of the research indicate that environmental advantages of electric cars are context-dependent and may not unchangingly outweigh those of hybrid and conventional ICE cars.
A cognitive study on hospital-acquired pneumonia among students from the Faculty of Medicine at the Syrian Private University
Authors: Alshebany Nour Alhuda , Al-Daher Nizar
Published: September 2023

Background
Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP), or nosocomial pneumonia, is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that was not incubated at the time of hospital admission and that presents clinically 2 or more days after hospitalization. Conducting research on nosocomial acquired pneumonia helps to raise awareness and raise awareness of the importance of preventing and avoiding infection with this disease, and also helps to identify best practices and preventive measures to avoid the spread of infection in hospitals. Our study mainly aimed at evaluating awareness among students of the Faculty of Medicine at the Syrian Private University.
Methods
A cross-sectional study, conducted at the Syrian Private University, included 250 male and female students from 3/6/2023 to 8/8/2023. It included students of the Syrian Private University, Faculty of Medicine.
Results
Out of 250 students who participated in the study, the percentage of females was 142 (56.8%), compared to 108 (43.2%). The largest percentage of sixth-year students was 112 (44.8%). The ages of the participating students ranged from 18–33 years, with an average age of 22 years. The source of information for students was university study 200 (43.1%), followed by clinical training in hospital 102 (22%). It was found that the students had a good awareness about the disease, which reached 220 (88%). Female students had more knowledge about the disease (94%), compared to males (79%). The knowledge of fourth-year students was the greatest, 36 (100%), followed by sixth-year students, 110 (98.2%).
Conclusion
The results of our study indicate an acceptable degree of awareness among medical students at the Syrian Private University. It is useful to conduct more studies that include a larger number of students in other universities to avoid bias. We also recommend generalizing the pattern of our studies to the rest of the Syrian universities to evaluate students’ knowledge of common cases in our country and their diagnosis constitutes Its management is of great importance because it is associated with high morbidity and mortality
RNA analysis as a promising area of diagnostics in nephrology
Authors: Morozov S. L. , Pakhomova V. P. , Voinova V. Yu. , Dlin V. V.
Published: September 2023

Today, medicine is at a stage when traditional diagnostic tools no longer meet current needs, which has led to the rapid development of molecular diagnostic methods that not only complement traditional research methods but also provide insight from the point of view of molecular pathophysiology. mRNA analysis is a new field that could revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease. The study of mRNA can be used for diagnosing and classifying kidney diseases, predicting the progression of nephropathies, monitoring the effectiveness of treatment, and developing modern approaches to therapy. As a new field, mRNA analysis faces a number of challenges and limitations, but as technology advances, the technique becomes more accessible for clinical use.
Formation of postural control in infants of the first year of life with impaired motor development, born at different gestation periods
Authors: Samsonova T. V. , Krivonogov V. A. , Nazarov S. B. , Rylskaya Yu. A.
Published: September 2023

The postural control development is a complex physiological process, which is the basis for the development of motor functions. Approaches to the assessment of postural control and the features of its formation in infants of the first year of life have not been studied enough.

   Purpose. To reveal the features of postural control development in infants of the first year of life with the consequences of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system in the form of impaired motor development, born at different gestational ages.

   Material and methods. We examined 120 infants of the first year of life with impaired motor development and 16 infants without neurological pathology. Infants with impaired motor development were divided into 4 subgroups: 1 (n = 30) — full-term, 2 (n = 30) — very preterm, 3 (n = 30) — moderately preterm, 4 (n = 30) — late premature children depending on their gestational age at birth. The examination was conducted at 3–4 months of calendar age in full-term and corrected in premature infants and included an assessment of the neurological status, a clinical assessment of postural control, and computer stabilometry.

   Results. Violation of postural control was found in infants of the first year of life with the consequences of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system in the form of impaired motor development, born at different gestational ages. These postural disorders may be associated with changes in muscle tone and impaired sensorimotor integration.

   Conclusion. Further research will enable the development of objective criteria for diagnosing postural disorders in infants of the first year of life, depending on the gestational age at birth. This will contribute to the timely start of treatment and rehabilitation measures, reducing the frequency and severity of disabling consequences of perinatal lesions of the central nervous system.
Idiopathic paroxysmal atrioventricular block
Authors: Kovalyov I. A. , Soloviov V. M. , Shabaeva E. R. , Egorov L. V. , Termosesov S. A.
Published: September 2023

The article presents a clinical case of paroxysmal atrioventricular block, which is a rare and difficult to diagnose cause of syncope, which makes it difficult for specialists to make a correct diagnosis and determine the tactics of patient management.

   Purpose. To demonstrate a clinical case, in which comprehensive methods of examination were carried out to identify the cause of syncope, and to show the need of understanding its pathogenesis.

   For differential diagnosis, it is necessary to carry out not only routine examination methods, but also to use drug tests, as well as long-term monitoring devices (multi-day daily Holter monitoring, loop recorders of long-term ECG recording, smart watches, etc.), which help to find the cause of syncope. According to the clinical recommendations, patients with atrioventricular block and clinical symptomatology, require continuous cardiac pacing in order to prevent asystole with potential sudden cardiac death.
The implications of food loss on East Africa's environment and water resources
Authors: Kipkirui Edwin , Zhao Jianfu , Wang Tao , Bavumiragira Jean Pierre , James Joseph Cirily , Ndizeye Yves
Published: September 2023

Food losses threaten food security and sustainability in East Africa, a region that faces recurrent droughts and socio-economic shocks. The research utilized the water footprint method and the carbon emission factor to quantify the water footprint and the carbon footprint of food losses of five plant-based food varieties: cereals, vegetables, oil crops, fruits, and pulses. The study focused on the actual food losses in East Africa – Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania – obtained from the enhanced food balance sheets in 2017. The study finds that the volume of the water wasted associated with the food losses (green + blue) was 6,164.1 million m3 (M.m3). Food loss also contributes to the degradation of the environment in the form of greenhouse gases (e.g. CO2 and CH4) and a source of non-point pollution of water resources. As a result, the greywater footprint was 838.1 M.m3 and carbon emissions were 5.53 million tons. In contrast to Kenya and Tanzania, Uganda had the lowest carbon and water footprint. These results can further clarify our understanding of the regional and global impacts of food losses on the environment and suggest that reducing food losses can help improve food security, conserve water resources, and protect the environment.
Effect of ultrasound-assisted EDTA and citric acid washing on heavy metal removal, residual heavy metal mobility, and sewage sludge quality
Authors: Lu Hongpei , Wu Yonggui , Luo Youfa , Li Ziran , Wang Ziqi , Peng Xiaoyu , Qiang Yibin
Published: September 2023

We investigated the effects of ultrasound-assisted ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid (CA) washing on heavy metal (HM) removal, residual HM mobility, and sewage sludge quality. EDTA and CA washing of sewage sludge successfully reduced the total concentration of HMs after one round of washing, but the mobility of residual HMs increased significantly. The eluate had a high concentration of HMs and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and total organic carbon), although the nutritional content of the sludge remained high. The three-phase ratio of the sludge after six rounds of washing by CA was closest to the ideal three-phase ratio, and the degree of influence on the physical structure of the soil after a land application was reduced, according to the fluctuation of generalized soil structure index (GSSI) and soil three-phase structure distance (STPSD) values. The results indicate that CA as an environmental-friendly washing agent can be the superior choice for sludge HM washing; single washing of sewage sludge may increase the mobility of residual HMs, so multiple washings should be considered for land application of sludge.
Política de Inovação Educação Conectada
Authors: Souza Raquel Aparecida , Silva Marcelo Soares Pereira
Published: September 2023

A Política de Inovação Educação Conectada (PIEC) busca apoiar a universalização do acesso à internet e fomentar o uso pedagógico de tecnologias digitais na educação. Surge no formato de um Programa instituído a partir do Decreto nº. 9.204 de 2017 e transforma-se em política por meio da Lei nº. 14.180/2021. A pesquisa teve o objetivo de compreender as determinantes da PIEC e os discursos em torno da universalização do acesso à internet e do uso pedagógico de tecnologias. Apoiamo-nos numa abordagem quanti-qualitativa como possibilidade mais ampla, a qual foi desenvolvida por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, sendo as análises dos dados pautadas na abordagem da análise de conteúdo. Evidenciamos que, explicitamente, há recorrência de propostas e abordagens que expressam a necessidade de universalizar o acesso de tecnologias digitais e, de forma implícita, percebemos que essa ênfase se apresenta como uma condição para o aspecto pedagógico.
Chromosome 17
Authors: Debnath Jayasree , Shradda Kakaraparthi , Thirugnanam Thilaga , Sohani Advait , Panicker Saurav , Ramalingam Satish
Published: September 2023

Cancer is a disease in which the body's cells divide disorderly and are likely
to spread to other organs. It has always been one of the world's top causes of death. A
growing population, low mortality rate, and lifestyle changes lead to an increase in the
number of cancer cases. It can be caused by genetic or environmental factors or a
combination of both. The risk of cancer increases with age as the body loses its ability
to eliminate the damaged cells. Cancer-causing genes can be inherited or acquired due
to exposure to carcinogens. Cancers are inherited when a mutation occurs in the germ
cells. The carcinogens can alter the DNA of a normal gene (a proto-oncogene)
converting it into a cancerous oncogene. Genes that slow cell division, fix DNA errors,
or undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis) are tumor suppressor genes. Tumor
suppressor genes that don't function properly can cause cells to develop out of control,
leading to cancer. Cancer expresses itself differently in each individual, making it
challenging to identify and treat. Studying the types of genetic mutations, as well as the
genes, proteins, and signaling pathways involved in cancer formation will help better
understand the underlying cause of cancer. Identifying which genes are expressed in
various cancer types will enable scientists to develop novel techniques for curing the
disease. This chapter will explain how different cancer types are linked to specific
genes and their locations on chromosome 17. 
Global labor market debates in the ILO publications in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Özdemir M. Çağlar , Mete Hakan , Öz Cihan Selek , Arik V. Çağrı
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2020, significantly changed the dynamics of working life. To help capture these changing dynamics, we examined publications that the International Labour Organization published during this period. This article aims to determine what kind of discussions are made within the framework of these publications in the context of COVID-19 by period and region. Thus, we researched the most intense discussion themes and tried to discover the global agendas of the labor markets. Within the scope of this article, we downloaded, classified, and examined a total of 1,062 publications (reports, webinars, and bulletins) published between January 2020 and April 2021. As a result of the analysis, we saw that the themes of working hours, informal workers, vulnerable workers, decent work, social protection, remote working, skills development, social dialogue, and labor standards were dominant.