bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHELATION of WALNUT PROTEIN PEPTIDE with CALCIUM and CALCIUM ABSORPTION PROMOTION in VIVO
Authors: Dai Jiahe , Tao Liang , Zhou Yan , Zhao Cunchao , Sheng Jun , Tian Yang
Published: June 2020

In this study, walnut meal was used to prepare walnut protein. Papain was used to hydrolyze walnut protein to obtain active protein peptides. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) were used to study the chelating ability of walnut protein peptides and Ca2+ and complete structural characterization. A Caco-2 monolayer model and a rat calcium deficiency model were established to study the calcium absorption capacity and increase bone mineral density(BMD) of walnut protein peptide chelated calcium. The results showed that the appearance and internal structure of walnut peptides had changed after chelated with calcium. Infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that walnut peptides may participate in the coordination of Ca2+ to form calcium chelating peptides through groups such as -COOH, -OH, and -NH2. Caco-2 monolayer model experiments show that walnut peptides-Ca can promote the absorption and transport of calcium by regulating the TRPV6 signaling pathway. Calcium deficient rat model experiments show that the combination of walnut peptides and calcium can effectively increase BMD and improve bone formation, thereby preventing calcium deficiency. Walnut protein peptide chelated calcium could be a potential new product for calcium supplements.
Optimization of microwave heating on orange sacs products
Authors: Wang Jun , Li Guijie , Cheng Yujiao , Huang Linhua , Sun Rongrong , Wu Houjiu
Published: June 2020

Various applications of microwave have been put into effect in the field of food processing. The microwave assisted thermal sterilization (MATS) was of great significance because of its less time consuming and higher efficient. In this paper, response surface methodology was used to optimize the process. The sterilization of orange sacs was potimiazed using by response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal processing parameters of MATS on orange sacs are as follow: microwave power, 6 kW, microwave sterilization time, 350 s, amount of orange sacs, 4500 g. Sterilized under this condition by MATS, orange sacs only maintained 3.7 CFU lethal magnitude which was consistent with the standards requirement. The key factor in the response surface using microwave sterilization and the interaction between them were also determined and discussed which could make it evident that MATS should be an idea candidate in the sterilization of some fruit or vegetable products as ready to eat. From these results, the best conditions of microwave sterilization are power 6kw, microwave sterilization time 350s and material quantity 4500g.
Research on Consumers’ Cognition and Demand for Food Label Information
Authors: Yue DAI , Qiang LI , Wen LIU , Hongrui ZHANG , Jia HAO , Ye DONG , Peng LIU , Min DUAN , Xiaoran FAN
Published: June 2020

Food labels are the key tool for consumers to understand the basic information and characteristics of food when purchasing food. The purpose of this research is to investigate the cognition and demand of ordinary consumers on food label information in China, so as to provide relevant data for food safety supervision and management departments and food producers and operators, and to provide reference for regulatory authorities to formulate policies, for food enterprises to make food labels and for science popularization purpose. The research found that 59.69% of consumers often check labels when buying food, and the production date, shelf life and food name on the food label are the most focused information, as 93.85% and 89.54% of consumers will check respectively the production date and shelf life when examining the label. At the same time, 59.38% of consumers want the production date and shelf life to be marked in a prominent position on the food outer package; 88.31% want the production date to be marked in the order of year-month-day; 80.31% want the production date of food with a short shelf life not exceeding 72 hours to be marked to a specific hour; and 89.85% want the food shelf life to be marked to a specific date. Most consumers have encountered the problems that the labeled text is too small, or the contrast between the labeled text color and the background color is not obvious, so the labeled text cannot be clearly seen, and that the labeled text position is not eye-catching and cannot be found on the food packaging. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the strict management of food labels to ensure that the production date, shelf life, food name, etc. are conspicuously marked on the conspicuous positions of food labels in a standardized way.
Gel Quality and In Vitro Digestion Characteristics of Celery Nemipterus virgatus Fish Sausages
Authors: Yi Shumin , Lv Keming , Zhang Shiwen , Wang Wei , Li Xuepeng , Li Jianrong
Published: June 2020

This study evaluated gel properties, flavor characteristics, and in vitro digestion characteristics of fish sausages with 10% celery petioles and leaves. The results indicated that the breaking force, water holding capacity, saltiness, astringency and sensory evaluation of fish sausage significantly increased, whereas whiteness, cooking loss and umami significantly decreased, and the microstructure of the fish sausages showed higher density and uniformity. After in vitro digestion, the digestibility, degree of hydrolysis and Fe2+ chelating capacity of the fish sausages significantly increased, and protein aggregate size and thiobarbituric acid number significantly decreased and protein aggregates decreased in number and were dispersed. The breaking force, saltiness, and protein digestibility of the sausages with celery petioles and leaves were 13.91%, 67.06%, and 0.55% and 10.75%, 55.62%, and 3.9% higher than the control group respectively. Celery significantly improved gel properties, flavor characteristics, and in vitro digestion characteristics. The effect of celery leaves on in vitro digestion was significantly greater than celery petioles.
Analysis on the Meat Consumption, Dietary Transformation and Cultured Meat
Authors: Xu Tize
Published: June 2020

This paper makes an analysis on efficiency and cost of conventional and cultured meat production. Topics focus on the demonstration of existing deficiencies of the former and production advantages and potential benefits of the latter. Changes in statistical data, related to researched topics, and comparison of two meat production patterns are used to support the topics. The general conclusion is that cultured meat is the most promising new-era product to solve global environment, hunger and poverty problems.
Four Hypotheses About the Different Possibility Between Actual and Theoretic Haemophilia Incidence
Authors: Ning Ke
Published: June 2020

Haemophilia is a disease caused by the lack of clotting factors in the blood. Currently, the only treatment is blood transfusion. To avoid this situation, patients need to do blood transfusion periodically to ensure they have enough clotting factors. Otherwise, hemophilia is an X-chromosome disease so that X-chromosome inactivation may play a role in inheriting. Theoretically, the incidence of female carriers is 50%, but in fact, it is not. There are four hypotheses to help to explain the weird phenomenon. Also, these four hypothesis could probably inspire people some new treatments of hemophilia. The first explanation is about chromosome leaking, which means not all of the genes on the silenced chromosome get silenced, a small part of genes can still be expressed. The second hypothesis is X-chromosome biased selection, which means that X-chromosomes chosen is not randomly. It tends to silence the chromosome with hemophilia genes, not another one. The third guess is key regulators, which can adjust the X-chromosome inactivation so that it ensures the X-chromosome with hemophilia genes gets silenced. Afterward, the fourth one is about the mosaic, which talks about the majority part of cells working like the normal cells to produce clotting factors. In conclusion, the ratio is not half to half might be caused by these four hypothesis.
Advances in the production and functional properties of corn protein peptides
Authors: Wu Jiaqi
Published: June 2020

The corn peptides are a low molecular polypeptide produced by hydrolysis of corn protein. It has many physiological effects such as anti-alcoholism, liver-protection, antihypertension, antitumor, and antioxidation. The recent researches of corn peptides from domestic and foreign literature were integrated in this paper. The production methods and functional properties of corn peptides were summarized. The related researches of enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation of corn protein peptides were discussed in detail, and a variety of physiological functions of corn protein peptides were analysed. This paper could provide reference for the development and utilization of corn protein peptides.
Design and test of a gravity-assisted vacuum seed-meter for maize
Authors: Yan Bingxin , Gao Nana , Meng Zhijun
Published: June 2020

In order to improve the operating performance of vacuum seed-meter, a gravity-assisted seed filling method is provided. The radial components of seeds gravitational force and upper seeds pressure of seeds to be filled are consistent with the direction of drag force. Components of the seeds pressure and the gravity of seeds to be filled play an auxiliary role in seed filling. A gravity-assisted seed filling vacuum seed mater is designed, and the gravity-assisted seed filling mechanism and working principle are described. Operating performance of the designed seed-meter was evaluated by a two-factor indoor laboratory test and a single factor outdoor field test. Qualified index, double index, and missing index were estimated. Optimal working parameters combination of laboratory tests for operating velocity and air pressure were 6km/h and -4.5kPa respectively. Maximum field operating velocity was 9.48km/h. Optimum field operating velocity was 7.68km/h and qualified index, double index, missing index were 92.43%, 0.67%, and 6.9% respectively at this velocity.
Advances in Antioxidative Bioactive Macromolecules
Authors: Song Ruirui , Wu Qi , Yun Zhenyu , Zhao Lin
Published: June 2020

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, coronary heart disease, and arthritis. The antioxidative bioactive macromolecules, as evidenced by substantial studies, can effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals or mediate the immune system of the body to regulate the redox level, arousing the concern of numerous researchers on their antioxidative activities. An overview was carried out in this paper emphasizing on the types, antioxidant activities, application fields, and preparation methods of antioxidative biomacromolecules, which is expected to provide theoretical basis for the development and utilization of antioxidative biomacromolecules, as well as their applications in the fields of biomedicine, functional foods and skin care products.
Overview of tumor environment responsive nano-drug delivery systems in tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Zheng Yihao
Published: June 2020

Tumor immunotherapy is one of the most attractive fields and direction for scientific researchers due to its promising clinical efficacy. While the problems about the side effect and relatively low responsive rate for patients still remain to be solved. Nano-drug delivery system in anticancer therapy is playing important role gradually because of their specific characteristics, but there are still many biological barriers for drug-loaded nanocarriers. The tumor microenvironment and current application of nano-drug delivery systems in tumor immunotherapy are illustrated in this review.
Discussion on multiple UAVs cooperative mission planning in precision agriculture
Authors: Zhang Mingyu , Liu Jia , Wang Yufei , Wang Chaoyong , An Xiaofeng , Song Shaozhong
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the cooperative task planning of agricultural plant protection multi-UAVs is studied. The related concepts of cooperative task allocation are discussed. Firstly, the content of cooperative task is summarized; secondly, many kinds of constraints, including individual constraints and cooperative constraints, are discussed and studied, the connotation of the problem is analyzed from different levels, different aircraft trajectory planning methods are studied, the mathematical model of practical engineering is established, and the results are analyzed. This research has certain guidance and practical reference significance for solving the application of UAV cooperative task allocation in the agricultural field.
Review of Evaluation Methods of Tumor Pharmacodynamics
Authors: Shi Tingyi
Published: June 2020

Treating cancer has become one of the hottest issues in the world today. Accurately assessing the efficacy of the body in scientific research and clinical treatment is the key to treatment. The use of pharmacodynamic testing to judge is an efficient evaluation method which pharmacodynamics is a study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs. This article reviews the different antitumor activity tests in vitro and in vivo.
Probe into the Application Core of Power Electrical Automation Technology
Authors: Yang Yi , Fu Yingfeng
Published: June 2020

This article discusses the related content of power electrical automation component technology, combined with the advantages of power electrical automation component technology, including improving system work efficiency, optimizing technology application mode, and improving the level of power distribution automation. This paper studies the specific application of power electrical automation component technology in converter circuits, full-control power switches, AC speed control technology, general inverters, and the development trend of power electrical automation component technology. The purpose of this article is to improve the application level of power electrical automation components technology and promote the stable development of the industry economy.
Structural Simulation and Optimization Analysis of Electric Heater Based on Chimney Effect
Authors: Wang Qiuyu , Qu Zhigang , An Yang
Published: June 2020

The natural convection heater is a commonly used electric heater, which belongs to the chimney structure heater. In this paper, a three-dimensional model is built and simulated by the finite element analysis software. The influence of chimney height, vent size and vent shape on chimney effect was studied by orthogonal experiment. The simulation results show that the electric heater with 85 mm chimney height, 6 mm equivalent diameter of the vent and square shape of the vent has the best heat transfer effect. The simulation work can play a guiding role for the customization of electric heater structure.
Non-invasive Power Load Monitoring Method Based on Cloud Edge Collaboration
Authors: Yining Gang , Xuesong Liu , Donghui Tong , Jizan Zhou
Published: June 2020

With the large-scale penetration of renewable energy, the safe and stable operation of power grid and economic dispatch are facing great challenges. How to realize accurate perception of internal load characteristics of power users is an important technical difficulty to support power demand side management. For this reason, this article is based on extensive IOT technology in electricity, and a non-invasive power load monitoring method (NILM) based on cloud edge collaboration is proposed. Through the two-level architecture of “edge identification” and “cloud correction”, the method effectively overcomes the contradiction between the weak computing capability of edge terminal and the heavy communication pressure of cloud master station. The experimental results show that the method can effectively improve the accuracy and reliability of traditional NILM method by considering the influence of external factors.
Smart Grid Data Security Aggregation Method Based on Fog Computing Architecture for Integrated Energy Services
Authors: Chang Su , Ge Song , Yining Gang , Zhenxian Yao
Published: June 2020

Integrated energy systems incorporate new types of clean and distributed energy into the power grid. In the future, smart grid will emerge in the form of integrated energy services. However, the application of new technology inevitably brings the threat of privacy disclosure. To deal with this kind of information security, a smart grid data security aggregation technology based on fog computing architecture for integrated energy services is proposed in this paper. Real-time data is encrypted in the energy acquisition equipment to obtain the first layer of privacy protection, and fine-grained aggregation at the fog end to obtain the second layer of privacy protection, so as to achieve the confidentiality and privacy of the entire network data transmission and processing. Finally, the safety and performance evaluation shows that this technology has a great advantage over other schemes in terms of safety, practicability and efficiency.
Research on Spectrum Sensing in 230MHz Power Wireless Private Network
Authors: Zhi Guo , Jiuhao Guan , Hua Wang , Peng Wu , Guangchen Li
Published: June 2020

With the proposal of ubiquitous electric power internet of things, the power industry’s demand for communication network is more and more intense, and the development of power wireless private network also puts forward higher requirements and more stringent standards for the wireless communication technology involved in it. Therefore, a spectrum sensing technology for 230MHz power wireless private network is proposed in this paper. By taking advantage of the relationship between the two threshold values and the signal-to-noise ratio, adjustment factors are set to achieve different two threshold values corresponding to different signal-to-noise ratios on the premise of avoiding frequent adjustment of threshold values. On the one hand, when the channel condition is good, the distance between the double threshold is reduced also reduce the system computation. On the other hand, when the channel condition is poor, the distance between the double threshold is increased to increase the extraction opportunity of the trust function, so as to improve the detection probability of the system. Finally, experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the communication performance of 230MHz power wireless private network.
Analysis of partial discharge characteristics under lightning impulse voltage in GIS
Authors: Hongyi Zhao
Published: June 2020

It is important that carrying out field lightning shock withstand voltage test can ensure the safe operation of gas insulated switch. The insulation condition of GIS can be comprehensively evaluated by detecting partial discharge (PD) during the field shock withstand voltage test. In this paper, the partial discharge characteristics of a gas insulated switch salient defect under lightning impulse voltage with different oscillation frequencies are studied. According to the experimental results, when the oscillation frequency is low, the PD value of the system increases significantly, but the PDIV50 value of OLI voltage is low. As the oscillation frequency of OLI voltage increases, PDIV50 increases and the number of partial discharge decreases.
Sorting method of lithium-ion batteriesinmass production
Authors: Wang Li , Liu Jingru , Ye Qian , Cheng Han , Zhi Junpeng
Published: June 2020

To improve the level classificationaccuracy of the method used in the lithium-ion battery production lines, the sorting method suitable for mass production lines is studied.Based on the developed single-cell battery detection system, this paper proposed a method that combines multi-parameter sorting and fuzzy C-means clustering to realize level classification of single-cell batteries.A cycle life test was designed for comparison and verification to perform random packing, OCV and internal resistance sorting packing, multi-parameter sorting and fuzzy C-means clustering combined packing experiments.The experiment results show that the classification method combining multi-parameter sorting and fuzzy C-means clustering can improve the consistency of the batteries after grouping, and further prove that the cycle lifetimes of the battery packsincrease.
Multiobjective optimization of microgrid based on SOM clustering and Markov chain
Authors: Huang Junshuo , Chen Jian , Fang Juhao , Hou Shiliang
Published: June 2020

In the current distribution system, the participation of solar power generation system in operation has been the main topic in the field of distribution system research. However, because of climate and other factors, it will increase the difficulty of calculation to study the 8760 hours of sunshine of solar power distribution system at least one year, so it is necessary to simplify the data. Firstly, this paper designs matlab program based on SOM clustering analysis method, which integrates solar power generation and load, and simplifies at least several cases. Then, a matlab program is designed based on the Markov key to integrate the generating capacity and load change in multi scenario, and the weight value of each scenario is calculated by Markov, so as to achieve the goal of multi scenario integration.
Voltage Sag Source Location based on Comprehensive Criterion and Neural Network Method
Authors: Liu Chaozhang , Zhao Jinyong , Wu Wei , Lu Zeguang , Zhang Ren
Published: June 2020

In order to solve the disputes caused by voltage sag, this paper proposes a comprehensive criterion of voltage sag location based on the traditional voltage sag location method. This criterion combines the characteristic information of voltage sag, and trains the neural network with the comprehensive criterion to locate the voltage sag source. Compared with the traditional methods, the simulation results show that the proposed method has higher accuracy and immunity to voltage sags under various faults, especially under asymmetric faults.
Effect of Nanoparticles on Cavitation in a Round Liquid Jet
Authors: Shi Weidong , Li Fengyu , Lin Qizhao , Fang Guofeng , Chen Liang , Zhang Liang
Published: June 2020

Nanofluid has drawngreatattentionas a new efficientenergy carrier for improving heat-transfer and combustionperformance. However, universalconsensus has not been reached on the mechanism of nanoparticlesinfluencing atomization and combustion. In this paper, the focus was thecavitation of Al2O3-H2O nanofluids inside and outside a nozzle with circular cross section. Comprehensive analyses of flow morphology were carried out based on a highspeed-macro shadow imaging system. The effects of nanoparticles on the initial development of round jet, incipient cavitation and supercavitation inside sharp-edge nozzle, and jet cavitationoutside round-edge nozzle were discussed. Results showed that: nanoparticles accelerated the formation of cavitation inside the nozzle, and reduced the critical supercavitation pressure. Meanwhile, they promoted the formation and persistence of bubbles in liquid jet. These bubbles generated near the KH-instability wave peaks below the nozzle. Compared with that of basic fluid, the wavelocationof nanofluid jet was closer to the nozzle exit. In conclusion, the addition of nanoparticlespromoted the cavitation inside and outside the nozzle.Itcan be attributed tothe following changes: nanoparticles increased the original adsorption of air, reduced the tensile strength of liquid, speeded up the disturbances of jet, and played the role of heterogeneous nucleation points.
Study on Mathematical Model of Desiccant Wheel
Authors: Zhehuadu  , Lin Xin
Published: June 2020

In the process of dehumidification and regeneration, a complicated heat and mass transfer process occurred between air and hygroscopic materials in desiccant wheel. The performance of dehumidifier is affected by the air inlet state parameters, regeneration air inlet state, air flow, regeneration air flow, and wheel speed and many other factors.Based on the conservation of water mass and energy in the gas region of the desiccant wheel and the conservation of water mass and energy in the solid region, a differential equation describing the absorption and regeneration processes in the wheel is established. In addition to necessary boundary conditions and supplementary equations, a complete mathematical model of desiccant wheel is developed.Numerical solution of mathematical model can be obtained by using finite difference method, which can be used in calculation of actual process and optimization analysis of wheel dehumidification combined air conditioning system.
Discussion on Tire Retreading and Reuse Technology
Authors: Qiang Wang , Li Jiang , Yunlong Wang , Xiaojie Qi , Guotian Wang
Published: June 2020

China has basic state policies of developing circular economy and promoting the reuse of waste materials. They are also regarded as important guarantees for the sustainable development of mankind. The recycling of used tire resources has gradually become a consensus among people as a sunrise industry. Countries all over the world attach great importance to the retreading and reuse of used tires, especially in developed countries who have taken used tires as an important industry to save rubber resources. Tire retreading is a way of recycling resources, which can save rubber raw materials, solve the environmental pollution of waste tires, and make full use of the value of tires. There is no ‘three-waste’ emission during prevulcanization retreading of used tires. It is a green environmental protection industry, which not only can save a lot of rubber, steel wire, petroleum energy and other resources, but also can realize the reduction, reuse and recycling of used tires. Tire retreading is an active way to recycle used tires, it is regarded as extension and processing reuse of the tire industry. They are of positive significance for promoting the comprehensive utilization of resource conservation, transformation of economic growth mode and sustainable development. The characteristics, technological process of tire retreading technology, current situation and development trend of retreading tire are discussed comprehensively in the paper.
Crack Propagation and Toughening Mechanism of Staggered Structure of Hydroxyapatite Sheets
Authors: Liu Yuxi , Li Aihua , Lin Xuedong
Published: June 2020

Based on the macro-microscopic analysis of the fracture path of cortical bone, it is shown that the crack path of the cortical bone deflected obviously during bending fracture, which indicates that the microstructure of the cortical bone affects the crack propagation of the bone. According to the microstructure of cortical bone, a staggered structure analysis model of hydroxyapatite (HA) sheets was established, and the effects of the structural parameters and volume content of hydroxyapatite sheets on the crack deflection coefficient and fracture toughness were compared and analyzed. The analysis results show that the structural parameters and volume fraction of hydroxyapatite sheets are positively correlated with the fracture toughness of bone. When the bone is fractured, the cracks deflected between the staggered hydroxyapatite layers to dissipate more energy, thereby improving the fracture toughness of the bone. The research results can provide useful guidance for the design and manufacture of high-performance bionic bone composites.
Analysis of Steering Performance of the Wheeled Vehicles with the Influence of Centrifugal Force
Authors: Yang Fei , Wang Qiang , Shen Xinmin , He Xiaohui
Published: June 2020

The steady-state steering characteristics of a vehicle directly affect its work efficiency and safety. The traditionalsteering mechanical modelof the wheeled vehicle does not take into consideration the influence of centrifugal force. Thus, in order to accurately calculate the various steering performance parameters during the actual steering of the vehicle, a mathematical model for steering of a wheeled vehicle is established based on an in-depth study of the wheeled vehicle steering mechanism, in which theinfluencing factors are taken into account, such as centrifugal force and tire slip/slip. Meanwhile, the specific vehicle model is used as an example to solve the numerical model. The results show that the centrifugal force generated during the steering of the vehicle will affect its steering performance. With change of the steering radius and vehicle speed, the slip radius and the amount of steering centerline movement increase or decrease accordingly, which affect the steering stability of the vehicle.
The Application of 3D SVM Algorithm into Metro Auxiliary Converter Over Conventional 2D Scheme
Authors: Ha Dalei , Ding Yong , Zhang Yuxi , Qiu Ruichang
Published: June 2020

This paper proposes the application of 3D SVPWM modulation scheme into metro auxiliary converter for the suppression of unbalanced voltage output with unbalanced load current. It is analysed and introduced in the paper that the novel 3D approach is revised 2D approach in essence, with the extension along axis γ. The comparison between 3D and 2D approach is given, concluding that unlike the capability of 2D approach in the control of positive and negative sequence, the 3D approach is capable of controlling zero sequence component, making itself notable in unbalanced output control. What’s more, the 3D approach proposed is different from its conventional counterpart in modulation wave and in DC voltage utilization ration. All the theories are finally proven with simulated and experimental results.
Design of transformer protection scheme for DC system
Authors: Hongyue Zhang , Maojun Deng , Haobo Yu , Zhiwen Liu
Published: June 2020

Back-to-back flexible DC system can be used for interconnection of asynchronous power grids. In view of the different characteristics and operation modes of connected transformer equipment in back-to-back flexible DC system, this paper puts forward some special problems that need to be considered in the design of connected transformer protection, and puts forward a complete configuration scheme of connected transformer protection in view of its particularity. Finally, we establishes a real-time digital simulation model to verify the validity of the model using actual engineering parameters. The simulation results show that the theoretical analysis is correct and the proposed protection scheme can effectively guide the engineering application.
Intelligent optimization model of actuator adjustment based on feasible direction method and genetic algorithm
Authors: Bu Henan , Yuan Xin , Yan Zhuwen
Published: June 2020

The strip flatness control in tandem cold rolling has the characteristics of fast response speed and many influencing factors. The calculation accuracy of the flatness control actuator adjustment directly affects the strip flatness quality. In order to further improve the flatness quality, an intelligent optimization model for actuator adjustment is established, and the model is solved based on the feasible direction method and genetic algorithm. The field test results show that the model proposed in this paper can significantly improve the strip flatness quality, and at the same time, the model has higher stability and can meet the requirements of online flatness adjustment.
Research on Characteristics Analysis and Dynamic Coordination Control of the Hybrid Electric System Coupling Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Hongdang , Zuo Yanyan , Zhang Jiuyu , Yang Hongtu , Chen Song
Published: June 2020

As the key component of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), the dynamic performance of the power coupling mechanism is found to have a significant effect on the power switching process for the whole vehicle. The research object is the double planetary gear coupling mechanism of hybrid electric vehicles. Through analysis of the relationship between each power source and the planetary gear, this paper obtained the characteristics of a dynamic coupling mechanism under non-steady state (such as engine starting). On the basis of this coupled system, a dynamic coordinated control method is proposed based on model predictive control under unsteady engine operating conditions. The results show that the dynamic coordinated control strategy can effectively reduce the impact of the whole vehicle mode switching, the dynamic coordinated control strategy is adopted, the mode switching process of the power coupling mechanism (engine starting conditions) works smoothly, reducing the total output torque shock, which is conducive to improving the vibration and noise level of the vehicles.
Research on the Function Optimization of the Bulk Grain Transportation Central Control System
Authors: Wang Xuelin , Shi Hankun
Published: June 2020

With the rapid advancement of the guidance for port transformation and upgrading, in view of the lagging automation of bulk terminals, the low level of intelligent information, and the urgent needs for the transformation and upgrading of bulk terminals, this paper optimizes the central control system for bulk grain transportation, and implements the framework, technology, and functions of the central control system for bulk grain transportation. Based on the research of the basic functions of the existing central control system for bulk grain transportation, combined with actual needs, the functional characteristics of the central control system are optimized and researched. The warehouse preparation and transfer process is optimized, the web publishing function is added, the information management is optimized, and the alarm function is improved. The overall characteristics and intelligent level of the central control system for bulk grain transportation is improved, which has guiding significance for the intelligent construction of bulk grain transportation in ports.
Optimized prediction of solar irradiation based on MPC and ELM neural network
Authors: Zhang Han , Ding Fei , Wang Jiale , Zhang Rui , Guo Su
Published: June 2020

Based on the characteristics of randomness and instability of solar radiation, this paper presents an optimal prediction algorithm of solar radiation based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). Firstly, the meteorological factors directly related to solar radiation are selected to determine the input attributes; secondly, the weather forecast and historical irradiance information at the current time are used as inputs, and the irradiance at the current time is used as the output to predict the solar irradiance; finally, the MPC rolling optimization idea is used to realize the optimal processing of solar radiation prediction data. The simulation results show that MPC-ELM algorithm has smaller simulation error than other algorithms, which shows that the algorithm has more advantages.
Analysis of Resistance Torque of Wheeled Steering Vehicle
Authors: Yang Fei , He Xiaohui , Shen Xinmin , Wang Qiang
Published: June 2020

Based on the structural characteristics of the wheeled skid vehicle, this paper combines the theory of ground vehicle mechanics and related statics theory to theoretically derive the resistance moment of the single wheel turning in place and turning around a certain point. At the same time, based on the composition and decomposition of the motion, the overall steering form and steering conditions of the wheeled skid vehicle are analyzed. Taking a specific vehicle as an example, a comparative analysis of different steering modes is provided, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of the entire vehicle’s steering system.
Research on High Temperature Protection Technology of Infrared Temperature Measuring Equipment in Space Environment
Authors: Zeyuan Liu , Yonghong Shang , Xinming Su , Jing Wen , Boying Lin
Published: June 2020

With the increasing complexity of spacecraft structure and thermal design, it is more difficult to implement surface temperature measurement technology, and the temperature measurement area tends to diverse. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for the application of non-contact temperature measurement technology in spacecraft thermal test. This paper takes the application of infrared temperature measuring equipment in vacuum and high temperature environment as the research object, designs the thermal protection scheme and device of the equipment, and simulates and analyses the thermal protection of infrared temperature measuring equipment based on node network method. Through physical test, the device can effectively realize the thermal protection of equipment in vacuum and high temperature environment, and ensure that the equipment is in the normal working temperature range and its temperature measurement algorithm model is not affected, the accuracy of temperature measurement is better than ±2°C, which meets the use requirements in spacecraft thermal test.
Research on Online Mathematical Models of Tandem Cold Rolling
Authors: Bu Henan , Ji Xingyu , Yan Zhuwen
Published: June 2020

The tandem cold rolling process control system is an important part of the computer control system of the tandem cold mill coupled pickling line, and it is an important means to ensure the output and quality of cold rolled strip. On-line mathematical models of tandem cold rolling are the premise of formulating rolling rules, setting of rolling mill parameters and calculation of load distribution. They calculate the set values and rolling parameters required by the automation system based on the rolled piece and equipment parameters. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the on-line mathematical models of tandem cold rolling and to establish a model of high precision and high value-added products.
Application of Multi-layer Forward Neural Network based Piecewise Linear Regressionin Simulation of Steam Turbine Valve Flow Curve
Authors: Lu Kuan , Wang WenKuan , Xiangrongmeng  , Gao Song , Pang Xiangkun
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the piecewise linear function regression method based on FNN (Forward neural network)-ReLU (Rectified linear units) is used to simulate the flow curve of steam turbine valve. In the big data scenario, this method couldaccelerate the fitting process using GPU, as well as improve the accuracy by increasing the hidden layer of the neural network. In addition, the number of segments is auto-determined and manually chosen initial break point avoided. Applying the method to simulate the relationship betweenthe valve position and the steam flow in a 330M power unit in Shandong, the result shows a higher fitting accuracywith lower time consumption.
Analysis and preventive measures of excitation system failure leading to two downtime accidents
Authors: Qian Zhunli
Published: June 2020

For the fault of rectifier bridge filter of excitation system and fault of 24V power supply of excitation system, the unit was shut down twice, by analyzing the causes, the preventive measures for excitation system operation are formulated, meanwhile, it is found that the equipment management of excitation system is not deep enough and the training of excitation system is not in place. It is proposed to carry out in-depth equipment operation and maintenance control, strengthen the excitation system knowledge training, increaseing the excitation system inspection frequency and other improvement measures, such as deal with the similar problems to the scene and engineering technical personnel to provide useful experience and processing basis.
Research on modification of cryogenic treatment on austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Liu Zhicheng , Zhang Qi , Meng Fanhao , Miao Zeng
Published: June 2020

The effects of cryogenic treatment on the wear resistance, tensile properties and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel were investigated in the present work. The results show that one time and two times cryogenic treatment both improved the tensile strength, yield strength and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel without reduction of plasticity, and the effect of one time cryogenic treatment is the best. One time cryogenic treatment also improved the wear resistance of 304 stainless steel while no obvious change induced by two times cryogenic treatment. These improvements could be attributed to the release of resiual stress and reduction of defect induced by cryogenic treatment.
Development of spray atomization test system at elevated temperatures and back pressures
Authors: Pan Hongyu , Zheng Herui , Wu Siyuan , Xu Cangsu , Liu Weinan
Published: June 2020

To simulate the authentic in-cylinder spray environment in the diesel engines, a spray atomization test system was developed. In this test platform, the pre-combustion of mixed gas was adopted to establish the elevated temperatures and back pressures, and the timing process among the ignition, injection, high-speed imaging and data acquisition was accurately controlled by a dedicated electronic control unit (ECU). The pre-combustion process was tested at different initial pressures and the spray pattern was studied. The experimental results showed that the maximum temperature and back pressure generated after the pre-combustion was proportional to the initial pressure, so different in-cylinder conditions could be simulated by adjusting initial conditions of the pre-combustion. The images and transient data of the spray process could be recorded completely and clearly, which laid a solid foundation for the measurement of macroscopic spray parameters.
Cause analysis of cracking and leakage of T91 steel tube in hydraulic test of Supercritical Boiler
Authors: Zhang Yanfei , Zhang Xuechao , Zhang Zhihao , Gong Yongqiang
Published: June 2020

When the 660MW supercritical boiler installed water pressure test, the last stage superheater T91 pipe of #1 boiler cracked and leaked. Chemical composition analysis, mechanical property test at room temperature, metallographic structure observation, SEM analysis and energy spectrum analysis were carried out for the failed steel pipe. The results show that the main reason for the cracking and leakage of the final stage superheater is that the inner wall of the steel tube has longitudinal linear defects in the process of hot rolling and cold drawing, and the stress concentration is formed at the defect tip. During the hydraulic test, the defect tip opens to form cracks and expands to open cracks, resulting in the leakage of the final stage superheater.
Robust surface stability and enhanced anti-fouling property on PVDF ultrafiltration membrane surface: PDA/PEG co-deposition versus traditional PDA coating
Authors: An Z H , Wang H Z , Ruan G L
Published: June 2020

Membrane surface design, especially for the anti-protein fouling property, is vital for the development of synthetic polymer ultrafiltration membranes. Although mussel-inspired antifouling coatings have obtained rapid development, the surface chemical adhesion stability still suffers from weak chemical stability especially in strongly alkaline environment. In this paper, the surfaces of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were modified via traditional polydopamine (PDA) coating followed with polyethylene glycol (PEG) immobilization method and PDA/PEG co-deposition strategy. In contrast to general PDA coating, the fabricated membrane surface exhibits excellent chemical adhesion stability under the different solution environment (whatever in neutral deionic water solution, acidic solution (pH=2) or strongly alkaline solution (pH=14)). The membrane surface elementary composition and morphologies were evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The modified membranes obtained via co-deposition were confirmed to have excellent hydrophilicity, enhanced coating stability and good dynamic/static anti-protein adhesion properties. Overall, this work provides a facile, robust and useful bio-inspired anti-fouling membrane surface modification strategy for broadening the application in water treatment field of ultrafiltration membranes.
An Active Power-Decoupling Method for Single-phase FACTS Device
Authors: Zhang Junmin , Zhao Min , Zheng Zhi
Published: June 2020

Single-phase FACTS device can be implemented by an H-bridge inverter which has a large electrolytic capacitor to absorb the 2-ω ripple pulsating. This paper introduced a topological structure by adding a film capacitor and a filtering inductor in AC side and calculated the minimum capacitance of the film. Through the control method, the power of 2-ω ripple can be absorbed completely in theory, and the total size of the capacitor can be reduced by 10 times. The control strategy consisted of three parts: DC voltage control, grid current control, and film capacitor current voltage control. The first part ensured FACTS’s work normally, the second and third parts can be named double-loop control to transform 2-ω ripple power from the electrolytic capacitor in DC side to the film capacitor in AC side. The structure in this paper was the simplest, and control strategy can be verified by simulation.
Application of short hole rapid extraction technology in excavation face
Authors: Shi Yongtao
Published: June 2020

The gas concentration of the return air was high during the 3605 backwind measures lane in the Shanxi coal mine, and the measure of using gas discharge holes had little effect, which seriously affected the excavation efficiency. Through the use of short drilling in the head-on construction, the rapid sealing of Capsule sealer, and the short-term extraction measures of the repair class, the gas concentration of the back air during the roadway excavation was significantly reduced, which greatly improved the tunneling efficiency of the 3605 backwind measures lane. According to the gas concentration during the excavation of 3605 backwind measures lane before and after the monitored short hole extraction, the gas concentration of the back air decreased by 0.14∼0.16 % and the gas concentration of the working surface decreased by 0.04∼0.1 % under the same digging speed conditions, ensuring the safe digging of the working face.
Prediction Model of Thermal Comfort Based on Tabu Genetic Neural Network
Authors: Du Zhehua , Lin Xin
Published: June 2020

The calculation process of thermal comfort index has the characteristics of nonlinearity and high computational complexity, so that the real-time controller of air conditioning can’t be used directly. To solve this problem, based on the thermal comfort equation provided by professor Fanger, an improved tabu genetic neural network (TGA-BPNN) is proposed to generate a prediction model for PMV index. The improvements include: training the initial population using train( ) function and using tabu tables to optimize selection, crossover, and mutation. The simulation experiment shows that, compared with the traditional BP network and the genetic neural network, TGA-BPNN can quickly find the global optimal solution and make the prediction model more accurate under the condition of maintaining the diversity of the population. Of course, there are still deficiencies in the simulation experiment. The deficiencies include that initial population needs to be trained repeatedly, which increases algorithm’s running time compared to random population. The algorithm spatial complexity is increased, so that the efficiency of TGA-BPNN algorithm is not as high as that of GA-BPNN algorithm.