bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Astigmatism in Straight and Frown Incision in Small Incision Cataract Surgery: A Comparative Study
Authors: Gupta Sanjay , Srinivasan M , Tripathi Shweta
Published: January 2018

Introduction

Blindness due to cataract presents an enormous problem especially in developing countries like India, not only in terms of human morbidity but also in terms of economic loss and social burden. The cataract surgeon of today is challenged to control the sphere as well as the cylinder of the refraction after surgery. Small incision cataract surgery (SICS) is now the method of choice in many parts of the world. This present study has been carried out with the aim to compare the postoperative corneal astigmatism between the two groups of patients undergoing SICS with posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantation with two difference types of incisions, i.e., frown and straight.

Material and methods

A prospective study was carried out in 60 patients enrolled from the Department of Ophthalmology of Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences who underwent SICS with superiorly placed straight and frown incision with PCIOL (each group consisting of 30 patients) during the period from May 2005 to October 2006.

Results

In this study, 60 patients having senile cataract in the age group of 50 to 75 years were studied. Out of these, the majority were in the age group of 60 to 64 (28.33%) years and only 26.66% were more than 70 years. The male:female ratio was 1:1. In our study, we found that frown incision had significantly better (p < 0.001) mean net astigmatism as compared with the straight incision.

Conclusion

We conclude that small incision size and absence of suture are the most important factors that contribute to less astigmatism and faster stabilization of SICS, where phacoemulsification cannot be performed. The duration for stabilization of postoperative astigmatism in straight incision group is 6 weeks, whereas it is 3 weeks in frown incision. Frown superior incision has got added advantage of early wound stabilization than straight incision, allowing the patient to resume their daily activities at an early stage. Superior incision group (both frown and straight) had increased amount of with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism which later shifted to against-the-rule. There was a significant difference in net astigmatism between frown and straight. Postoperative astigmatism also depends on preoperative astigmatism. Patients with preoperative WTR benefited from superior incision cataract surgery.

How to cite this article

Tripathi S, Srinivasan M, Gupta S. Astigmatism in Straight and Frown Incision in Small Incision Cataract Surgery: A Comparative Study. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):111-116.
First Trimester Bleeding: A Diagnostic Dilemma—Probing It with Ultrasound
Authors: Sinha Prashant , Gupta Deepanshu , Mehrotra Atul , Mukharjee Shobha , Saket Rajesh
Published: January 2018

Objective

The objective of our study was to evaluate the role of ultrasound in the evaluation of patients with first trimester bleeding and to prognosticate and predict the status of abnormal pregnancies.

Materials and methods

We studied 50 cases of pregnant women who presented with bleeding per vaginum during the first trimester between November 2015 and August 2016. The main sources of data for this study are patients from teaching hospitals attached to Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. All patients referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis with clinically suspected first trimester bleeding were evaluated with clinical history, clinical examination, and ultrasonography (USG). Ultrasonographic examination of patients was done using the following machines: (1) Phillips 350, (2) G.E. logiq V3, and (3) Toshiba 1000.

Results

Of the 50 cases of first trimester bleeding, 26 cases were diagnosed as threatened abortion clinically, out of which only 12 cases were confirmed. Ultrasound examination confirmed 12 cases of clinically suspected threatened abortions and aids in correctly diagnosing 8 cases that were missed on clinical examination. A total of 12 cases out of 18 threatened abortions continue to term gestation with a successful outcome of 66%. All cases of threatened abortion (n = 18), incomplete abortion (n = 10), missed abortion (n = 4), ectopic pregnancy (n = 4), inevitable abortion (n = 4), blighted ovum (n = 2), and hydatidiform mole (n = 2) were correctly diagnosed on USG. A total of 48 out of 50 cases were correctly diagnosed on ultrasound compared with 18 out of 50 cases on clinical diagnosis, with a disparity of 64%. Four out of five proved ectopic pregnancies were correctly diagnosed both on ultrasound and on clinical examination.

Conclusion

Ultrasound is noninvasive, nonionizing, without any proved harmful effects on the developing fetus and easily available method of investigation to assess the patients with first trimester bleeding, which is highly accurate in diagnosing the actual causes of bleeding and guides the clinician in choosing the appropriate line of management and prevents mismanagement of the cases. In the present study, 48 out of 50 cases were correctly diagnosed on ultrasound compared with 18 out of 50 cases on clinical diagnosis, with a disparity of 64%.

How to cite this article

Kumar P, Mehrotra A, Gupta D, Mukharjee S, Saket R, Sinha P. First Trimester Bleeding: A Diagnostic Dilemma—Probing It with Ultrasound. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):117-124.
To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing
Authors: Aggarwal Sameer , Kakkar Vikas , Sharma Chandni , Bishnoi Surender , Gulati Ankit , Pareek Mohit , Panchal Vineet
Published: January 2018

Objective

This study has been undertaken to study the effect of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its duration on hearing.

Materials and methods

The present study was conducted on 100 persons of age group 20 to 45 years. All subjects included in the study were divided into two groups. Group I: 50 patients suffering from T2DM (fasting blood sugar ≥ 126 mg/dL and postprandial ≥ 200 mg/dL) of either sex, in the age group of 20 to 45 years. Group II: 50 healthy volunteers in the age group of 20 to 45 years, of either sex were included in control group. Hearing assessment was done by using pure tone audiometry (PTA).

Results

In diabetic patients, the mean threshold in the PTA was higher at all frequencies as compared with healthy controls, and there was a positive correlation between the duration of diabetes and hearing loss.

Conclusion

Various audiological investigations have revealed that there is a strong association of diabetes with sensorineural part. The prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in type II diabetics observed was 64%. In the majority of the patients, the hearing loss was bilateral, affecting mid and higher frequencies from 2 to 8 kHz. Hence, to conclude, we can say that the high prevalence of hearing loss in T2DM supports the importance of audiometric evaluation in such patients.

How to cite this article

Gulati A, Kakkar V, Aggarwal S, Sharma C, Panchal V, Pareek M, Bishnoi S. To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):140-143.
Intravenous Dexmedetomidine enhances the Duration of Spinal Anesthesia with 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Lower Abdominal Surgeries
Authors: Agrawal Malti , Sharma Yogesh K
Published: January 2018

Introduction

Spinal block is a preferred technique for most lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries. Lignocaine had been the local anesthetic of choice for decades in such surgeries. With the advent of adjuvants, now it has become possible to enhance the duration of spinal anesthesia. These adjuvants can be given intravenously or intrathecally. Intravenous clonidine and dexmedetomidine have been used in recent studies as adjuvant in spinal anesthesia with promising results. Dexmedetomidine is a more suitable adjuvant compared with clonidine due to its more selective alpha-2A receptor agonist activity.

Aims and objectives

To evaluate the effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine on spinal anesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine in lower abdominal surgeries in terms of onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade and sensory regression.

Materials and methods

Sixty patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists grades I and II, 25 to 60 years of age, posted for elective lower abdominal surgeries under spinal anesthesia were included in the study and randomly allocated into computer-generated two groups. Group IV received intrathecal 0.5% bupivacaine heavy and intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg over 20 minutes followed by 0.5 μg/kg/hour till the end of surgery. Patients in group III (control group) received intrathecal 0.5% bupivacaine heavy and intravenous normal saline as placebo.

Results

In groups IV and III, mean duration of analgesia was 209 ± 29.93 and 150.20 ± 3.46 minutes respectively. This increase in duration of analgesia in dexmedetomidine group was statistically significant. The mean duration of motor blockade was 189.48 ± 1.34 and 158.18 ± 3.27 minutes respectively. Injection diclofenac sodium 75 mg intramuscularly was used as rescue analgesic.

How to cite this article

Sharma YK, Agrawal M. Intravenous Dexmedetomidine enhances the Duration of Spinal Anesthesia with 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Lower Abdominal Surgeries. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):144-148.
Investigation of short-term effective radiative forcing of fire aerosols over North America using nudged hindcast ensembles
Authors: Liu Yawen , Zhang Kai , Qian Yun , Wang Yuhang , Zou Yufei , Song Yongjia , Wan Hui , Liu Xiaohong , Yang Xiu-Qun
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Aerosols from fire emissions can potentially have large impact on clouds and radiation. However, fire aerosol sources are often intermittent, and their effect on weather and climate is difficult to quantify. Here we investigated the short-term effective radiative forcing of fire aerosols using the global aerosol–climate model Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5). Different from previous studies, we used nudged hindcast ensembles to quantify the forcing uncertainty due to the chaotic response to small perturbations in the atmosphere state. Daily mean emissions from three fire inventories were used to consider the uncertainty in emission strength and injection heights. The simulated aerosol optical depth (AOD) and mass concentrations were evaluated against in situ measurements and reanalysis data. Overall, the results show the model has reasonably good predicting skills. Short (10-day) nudged ensemble simulations were then performed with and without fire emissions to estimate the effective radiative forcing. Results show fire aerosols have large effects on both liquid and ice clouds over the two selected regions in April 2009. Ensemble mean results show strong negative shortwave cloud radiative effect (SCRE) over almost the entirety of southern Mexico, with a 10-day regional mean value of −3.0 W m−2. Over the central US, the SCRE is positive in the north but negative in the south, and the regional mean SCRE is small (−0.56 W m−2). For the 10-day average, we found a large ensemble spread of regional mean shortwave cloud radiative effect over southern Mexico (15.6 % of the corresponding ensemble mean) and the central US (64.3 %), despite the regional mean AOD time series being almost indistinguishable during the 10-day period. Moreover, the ensemble spread is much larger when using daily averages instead of 10-day averages. This demonstrates the importance of using a large ensemble of simulations to estimate the short-term aerosol effective radiative forcing.
Evaluation of ORCHIDEE-MICT simulated soil moisture over
China and impacts of different atmospheric forcing data
Authors: Yin Zun , Ottlé Catherine , Ciais Philippe , Guimberteau Matthieu , Wang Xuhui , Zhu Dan , Maignan Fabienne , Peng Shushi , Piao Shilong , Polcher Jan , Zhou Feng , Kim Hyungjun ,   other China-Trend-Stream project members
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Four atmospheric forcing datasets: GSWP3 (Global Soil Wetness Project Phase 3), PGF (Princeton Global meteorological Forcing), CRU-NCEP (Climatic Research Unit-National Center for Environmental Prediction) and WFDEI (WATCH Forcing Data methodology applied to ERA-Interim reanalysis data), are used to drive simulations in China by the land surface model ORCHIDEE-MICT. Simulated soil moisture is compared with in-situ and satellite datasets at different spatial and temporal scales in order to: 1) estimate the ability of ORCHIDEE-MICT (ORganizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic EcosystEms: aMeliorated Interactions between Carbon and Temperature) to represent soil moisture dynamics in China; 2) demonstrate the most suitable forcing dataset for further hydrological studies in Yangtze and Yellow river basins; 3) understand the discrepancies of simulated soil moisture among simulations. Results showed that ORCHIDEE-MICT can simulate reasonable soil moisture dynamics in China (median r = 0.53; RMSE = 0.06 m3 m−3), but the quality varies with forcing data. Simulated soil moisture driven by GSWP3 and WFDEI shows the best performance according to RMSE (RMSEGSWP3 = 0.05 m3 m−3) and correlation coefficient (rWFDEI = 0.64) respectively, suggesting that both GSWP3 and WFDEI are good choices for further hydrological studies. The mismatch between simulated and observed soil moisture is mainly explained by squared bias (SB) and lack of correlation weighted by the standard deviation (LCS). Large SB suggests that the parameterization in ORCHIDEE-MICT should be calibrated for further study in China. High LCS and underestimated soil moisture in the North China Plain demonstrate possible significant impacts of human activities like irrigation on soil moisture variation, which was not considered in our simulations. Finally, the discrepancies (D) of meteorological variables and simulated soil moisture among the four simulations are analyzed. The result shows that the D of soil moisture is mainly caused by the D in precipitation frequency and air humidity rather than precipitation amount.
Exploiting LSPIV to assess debris-flow velocities in the field
Authors: Theule Joshua I. , Crema Stefano , Marchi Lorenzo , Cavalli Marco , Comiti Francesco
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The assessment of flow velocity has a central role in quantitative analysis of debris flows, both for the characterization of the phenomenology of these processes and for the assessment of related hazards. Large-scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) can contribute to the assessment of surface velocity of debris flows, provided that the specific features of these processes (e.g. fast stage variations and particles up to boulder size on the flow surface) are taken into account. Three debris-flow events, each of them consisting of several surges featuring different sediment concentrations, flow stages, and velocities, have been analysed at the inlet of a sediment trap in a stream in the eastern Italian Alps (Gadria Creek). Free software has been employed for preliminary treatment (orthorectification and format conversion) of video-recorded images as well as for LSPIV application. Results show that LSPIV velocities are consistent with manual measurements of the orthorectified imagery and with front velocity measured from the hydrographs in a channel recorded approximately 70 m upstream of the sediment trap. Horizontal turbulence, computed as the standard deviation of the flow directions at a given cross section for a given surge, proved to be correlated with surface velocity and with visually estimated sediment concentration. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of LSPIV in the assessment of surface velocity of debris flows and permit the most crucial aspects to be identified in order to improve the accuracy of debris-flow velocity measurements.
ADUBAÇÃO FOSFATADA NA SOJA DURANTE TRÊS SAFRAS CONSECUTIVAS NA NOVA FRONTEIRA AGRÍCOLA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Da Costa Leite Rubson , Da Silva Carneiro Jefferson Santana , Araújo de Freitas Gilson , Elias Casali Michel , Ribeiro da Silva Rubens
Published: January 2018

A região do MATOPIBA representa 10,83% da área cultivada com soja no país e 7,8% da produção nacional dessa oleaginosa, e apesar do fósforo ser o décimo segundo elemento químico mais abundante na crosta terrestre, é o segundo elemento que mais limita a produtividade nos solos tropicais. Mediante a importância da fertilização fosfatada de solos com grande potencial agrícola para o país, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito de fertilizante fosfatado na soja e o comportamento do fósforo residual na região do MATOPIBA em três safras consecutivas. O ensaio foi realizado durante três anos, utilizando o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com cinco repetições e três replicatas. Durante as três safras de cultivo, a pesquisa foi conduzida com adubação fosfatada usando-se o fertilizante TOP-PHOS®, através de cinco tratamentos nas doses de 0; 357; 714; 1071 e 1428 kg ha-1 (0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 kg ha-1 de P2O5, respectivamente). Na segunda e terceira safra, foi acrescido o tratamento padrão fazenda, composto pela aplicação de 96 kg ha-1 de P2O5, obtidos com a aplicação de 200 kg ha-1 da fonte MAP. Nas safras 13/14 e 14/15 a utilização do fertilizante TOP-PHOS® proporcionou resultados 29% e 27% superiores à ausência de adubação fosfatada para produtividade da soja. Na safra 15/16 a baixa precipitação durante a fase reprodutiva da soja prejudicou os parâmetros avaliados, produzindo plantas altas, mas prejudicando as estruturas reprodutivas da soja.
Why do Firms Live Longer than Others? The Elixir of (Eternal) Life of Blue Chip American Companies
Authors: Reis Pedro M. Nogueira
Published: January 2018

Purpose: Why do certain companies live longer than others? The average lifespan of a listed north and South American company is over 33 years and in Europe the average age of a company is 52 (Note 1). In 1288, Stora Enso a big pulp and paper company from Sweden issued its first share. According to credit rating agency Tokyo Shoko Research, in Japan, there are more than 20,000 companies with more than 100 years’ old. Through a sample of blue ship American listed oldest companies and quarter panel data from 1988-2013 this article identifies more than 8 significant explanatory variables and ascertains relevant factors related with longevity.Methodology: A new robust standard errors for panel regressions with cross-sectional dependence based on Driscoll-Kraay estimator is applied. This method (stata xtscc) is heteroskedasticity consistent and the standard error estimates are robust to general forms of cross-sectional and temporal dependence surpassing the deficiencies of traditional panel data statistical approaches.Findings: The sample of blue ship companies and panel regressions with Driscoll-Kraay estimator shows that the most relevant factors to induce longevity are related with growth opportunities perspective and horizon, cash liquidity, profitability and shareholders remuneration whether from dividends or repurchases, capital structure, strong claims-compliance-liability structure department, innovation and firm size.Originality: This paper’s topic considers for the first-time age as a dependent variable and not a control one. Also, the large time period of study, including quarterly observations is new, as well as the original approach to estimation applied to this theme, considered as an alternative to traditional panel data methods.Practical implications: With these determinants identified, professionals and academics can use them as benchmarking and a recipe to endure and assuring bigger lifespan for other mature and young companies.
Tackling tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: EDCTP achievements and the road ahead
Authors: Surette M. A. , Beattie P. , Nyirenda T. , Olesen O. F.
Published: January 2018

The European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) was established in 2003 to accelerate the development of medical interventions for tuberculosis (TB), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria, with a particular focus on Phase II and III clinical trials.
Between 2003 and 2015, the first EDCTP programme committed €65.6 million to research on TB and TB-HIV co-infection. The programme made a significant contribution to the first three elements of the DOTS TB control strategy, which mobilised European and African funding for TB-related research
and generated important evidence on TB diagnostics and treatment regimens. As well as informing the development of international policy on TB diagnosis and treatment, the programme also significantly enhanced the capacity of countries in sub-Saharan Africa to undertake clinical trials and
associated clinical research. The lessons learned from the first EDCTP programme have informed the development of a second, expanded EDCTP programme, EDCTP2, which was launched in 2014, and is due to run until 2024. One key lesson is the need for continued partnerships to fight the global
threat of TB.
Screening for active tuberculosis before isoniazid preventive therapy among HIV-infected West African adults
Authors: Moh R. , Badjé A. , N'takpé J-B. , Kouamé G. M. , Gabillard D. , Ouassa T. , Ouattara E. , Le Carrou J. , Bohoussou F. , Messou E. , Eholié S. , Anglaret X. , Danel C.
Published: January 2018

SETTING: TEMPRANO was a multicentre, open-label trial in which human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected adults with high CD4 counts were randomised into early or deferred antiretroviral therapy (ART) arms with or without 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in a setting where
the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends IPT in HIV-infected patients. Despite the WHO recommendation, IPT coverage remains low due to fear of the presence of undiagnosed active TB before prescribing IPT, and the related risk of drug resistance.OBJECTIVE: To report the frequency
of undiagnosed TB in patients enrolled for IPT and describe the results of a 1-month buffer period to avoid prescribing IPT for active TB cases.DESIGN: Patients were screened using a clinical algorithm and chest X-ray at Day 0 and started on isoniazid at Month 1 if no sign/symptom suggestive
of TB appeared between Day 0 and Month 1.RESULTS: Of 1030 patients randomised into IPT arms. 10% never started IPT at Month 1. Of these, 23 had active TB, including 16 with prevalent TB. Among the 927 patients who started IPT, 6 had active TB, including 1 with prevalent TB. Only 1 patient
with active TB received IPT due to the 1-month buffer period between Day 0 and IPT initiation.CONCLUSION: In this study, 1.6% of adults considered free of active TB based on clinical screening at pre-inclusion actually had active TB.
The second sputum sample complicates tuberculosis diagnosis for women: a qualitative study from Malawi
Authors: Kumwenda M. , Nyang'wa B-T. , Chikuse B. , Biseck T. , Maosa S. , Chilembwe A. , Dimba A. , Mpunga J. , Shaw C. , Brouwer M.
Published: January 2018

SETTING: District hospital and peripheral health care facilities in Balaka District, Malawi.OBJECTIVE: To identify barriers encountered by women in submitting a second sputum sample.DESIGN: Focus-group discussions and semi-structured interviews.RESULTS: Women encounter barriers
at several levels: personal, cultural, socio-economic and health care system. Personal, cultural and socio-economic barriers include the fear of a tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis, the perception and condition of the patient, the distance and cost of travel to a health care facility, the subordinate
position of women in household decision-making and the social support that women receive. Barriers at the health care system level include high patient numbers, staff shortages, the duration of the TB diagnostic process as well as the uncaring attitude and poor communication of health care
workers. These barriers may apply not only to the submission of the second sample, but to health care access in general.CONCLUSION: Women face multiple barriers in submitting a second sputum sample. These do not operate in isolation but instead compound each other. Although potential solutions
to overcome these barriers are recognised, some have yet to be adopted. To improve TB case finding, innovative and community approaches should be adopted more rapidly.
Association between interleukin-17 genetic polymorphisms and tuberculosis susceptibility: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Z-G. , Wang B-Z. , Li J. , Ding Z-L. , Wang K.
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB).METHODS: Relevant case-control studies published up to July 2017 were searched. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were
employed to estimate the association.RESULTS: Eleven articles involving 4961 TB patients and 5435 healthy controls were selected. Four polymorphic sites were identified: IL-17A rs22275913, rs3748067 and rs3819024; and IL-17F rs763780. We found that the rs2275913
polymorphism was associated with reduced TB risk in Caucasians under the allelic model (A vs. G, OR 0.69, 95%CI 0.49–0.96; P = 0.03), heterogeneous model (AG vs. GG, OR 0.67, 95%CI 0.47–0.93; P = 0.02) and domain model (AA+AG vs. GG, OR 0.64, 95%CI 0.44–0.93;
P = 0.02); rs3748067 was associated with increased TB risk in Asians under the homogeneous model (TT vs. CC, OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.03–1.79; P = 0.03) and recessive model (TT vs. CT+CC, OR 1.35, 95%CI 1.02–1.78; P = 0.03). Other genetic variants were not associated
with TB risk.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the TT genotype of IL-17A rs3748067 might be a risk factor for TB in Asians; the A allele, as well as the AG and AA+AG genotypes of the rs2275913 polymorphism, might be protective against TB in Caucasians. Future studies
with a large sample size are needed.
Score for pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with clinical presumption of tuberculosis in a low-prevalence area
Authors: Delory T. , Ferrand H. , Grall N. , Casalino E. , Lafarge M. , Melot B. , Hajage D. , Charpentier C. , Aubier M. , Tubach F. , Bouvet E. , Gault N. , Yazdanpanah Y.
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVES: To develop a diagnostic predictive model for the identification of patients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) at high risk for active disease and those requiring nucleic acid amplification (NAAT) testing and/or preventive respiratory isolation in low-incidence,
high-income countries.DESIGN: A 1:1 case-control study was conducted in consecutive immunocompetent patients with presumed PTB hospitalised between 2009 and 2012 in Paris, France. Cases were defined as individuals with culture-confirmed PTB, regardless of smear result. Those with presumed
PTB and three smear- and culture-negative samples were selected as controls. A score was derived using conditional logistic regression. Internal validity of the score was assessed using the bootstrap method.RESULTS: A total of 354 patients were included in the analysis (177 cases, 177
controls). Among the 177 cases, 74 (42%) were smear-negative but culture-positive. Factors independently associated with PTB were age <50 years (adjusted OR [aOR] 4.7, 95%CI 1.8–12), diabetes (aOR 3.2, 95%CI 1.1–9.8), absence of cough with or without sputum (aOR 3.7, 95%CI 1.7–8.3),
fever >15 days (aOR 3.5, 95%CI 1.3–9.5), apical infiltration without cavity (aOR 3.4, 95%CI 1.4–8.5) and cavitation or miliary pattern (aOR 19.7, 95%CI 7.6–51.1). Score C-index was 0.84 (95%CI 0.79–0.88). Calibration for the overall population (P = 0.770)
and in smear-negative patients (P = 0.980) was appropriate. A score of 3.3 had 90% sensitivity, 50% specificity and 79% (IQR 28–95) median probability of PTB.CONCLUSIONS: This score could be used to build an algorithm to determine the need for respiratory isolation and/or NAAT use in PTB disease.
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF THE CORPORATE STRATEGIES OF
THE FOREIGN CAPITAL COMPANIES ON THE LIFE INSURANCE
MARKET IN UKRAINE
Authors: Bilous Nina
Published: January 2018

In the article the presence of international insurance companies on Ukraine’s insurance
market has been, in particular, in the area of life insurances. Influence of activity of
international companies on participants of insurance market of Ukraine is analysed. The
directions of development of insurance companies activity are defined.
APPROACH TO SYSTEMIC PROCESS OF THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETITIVENESS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Akimova Liudmila , Korzh Maryna , Chub Iryna
Published: January 2018

In the article, the authors carried out a critical analysis of existing methods for assessing competitiveness, identified the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and proposed a functional approach for the process of assessing this market index. Competitiveness appears only under competitive conditions and as a result of competition. Competitiveness of the enterprise in countries with market economy is a result of plexus factors generated by the objective development of productive forces that reflect outcome of large monopolies policy in the struggle for quality, sales markets and getting profits. In the current conditions of the development of the Ukrainian economy, there is an urgent need to improve the marketing system in domestic industrial enterprises and the existing tools for the formation of their competitive advantages in both domestic and foreign markets. Every year, Ukraine is increasingly integrated into world economic processes and becomes their direct participant. Transport plays a particularly significant role in these processes.
APPLICATION OF VALUE ORIENTED APPROACH TO STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF PROJECT PORTFOLIO OF UNIFIED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES
Authors: Kostiukevych Ruslan , Kostiukevych Alina
Published: January 2018

The unified territorial communities are new structural units in the administrative system of Ukraine. In addition to the problems of regulatory and financial nature, issues of scientific and methodological substantiation of the processes of strategic development of the unified territorial communities on the principles of applying modern methodologies and project management practices are also relevant. The article develops methodological approaches to the formation and management of project portfolios for the implementation of strategies for the sustainable development of unified territorial communities on the principles of applying a value-oriented model of project management. The organizational aspects of the introduction of project management in the united territorial communities have been developed based on the creation of a project management office (committee) for managing strategies. The proposed approaches to the formation of territorial strategies will help to ensure the community's economic development and the effectiveness of utilizing the resources available to the communities.
THE IMPACT OF THE ECONOMIC CRISIS ON THE FINANCING OF THE
WATER MANAGEMENT COMPLEX IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kovshun Natalia
Published: January 2018

The article considers how the water management complex (WМC) in its development
is affected by financial and economic processes. The peculiarities of the bilateral interaction
of the complex and the financial and economic system of the state are analyzed.
Economic mechanisms are considered, when using which the WМC complex is a recipient
of cash flows. The conditions under which WМC can function as their generator are
shown, forming and introducing new principles and tendencies to the internal system of
the state. The negative and positive factors of development of the corresponding economic
mechanisms are analyzed. The impact of the crisis on the development of the complex is
taken into account - both negative and positive aspects of its impact on the chemical industry
are shown.
CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP LIBERALIZATION IN THE HOTEL BUSINESS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Sazonets Igor , Sipailo Natalia
Published: January 2018

The article defines the interpretation of the concepts of "hotel", "hotel industry". The characteristic features of activity of subjects of entrepreneurship of a hotel economy are determined. The principles of liberalization of business activity of hotel enterprises are offered. The work reveals the general issues of the classification of hotel business entities. The results of statistical observation of respondents of hotel enterprises in the Rivne region are described. The forms of liberalization of activity of business entities of hotel business are substantiated.
CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO IMPROVEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR USE OF DEGRADED AND UNPRODUCTIVE AGRICULTURAL LAND IN UKRAINE
Authors: Stoiko Nataliia , Stadnytska Olha
Published: January 2018

The article presents a conceptual model of the formation of an effective organizational and economic mechanism for the use of degraded and unproductive agricultural land. To achieve the strategic goals of the model, a complex combination of administrative, organizational and economic tools is recommended. The emphasis is made on creation of a state ecological fund, introduction of conservation easement and ecological propagation.
STATE SYSTEM OF STIMULATION AND REGULATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD
Authors: Kuznetsova Tatyana , Sipailo Leonid
Published: January 2018

This article presents basic principles of formation of the state system of stimulation and regulation of innovation activity in developed countries. The main forms of state regulation and stimulation of innovative processes are investigated. The basic tools of the state influence on tax, price, depreciation, investment policy of enterprises with the purpose of activating innovation activity are highlighted.
FAMILY 500 PLUS PROGRAMS AND FLAT PLUS WITH KEY INSTRUMENTS FOR PRIVATE SOCIAL POLICY IN POLAND
Authors: Gwoździewicz Sylwia , Prokopowicz Dariusz
Published: January 2018

In Poland, for many years, relatively large incomes have reached large families. Similar relationships are shaped in the area of housing and household equipment in durable goods. The purpose of the Family 500 Plus program launched in April 2016 is to significantly reduce the scale of this socially and economically disadvantageous relationship, ie the current lowest profitability in large families. Apart from current, mainly profitable goals, improvement of the financial situation of families, this program also has an important long-term goal. The long-term strategic goal of the Family 500 Plus program is to change the demographic structure of society in Poland in the direction of increasing fertility, ie rejuvenating the society. Considering the public financial system of the state, this is a strategic goal of socio-economic policy to reduce the demographic scale of the aging process, ie limiting the potential for announcement in the next several decades of insolvency of the participatory pension system operated by the Social Insurance Institution. The second key program of social family policy in Poland launched in December 2016 is the Mieszkanie Plus program. This program, through the improvement of the housing situation, should fulfill important functions of housing policy in the scope of reducing the social stratification of families in Poland. The main objective of the Mieszkanie Plus program is to significantly increase the availability of flats, especially low-cost rental apartments, with the option of purchasing property after 20-30 years of use. In addition, both of the socio-economic policy programs mentioned above should also have a positive impact on the domestic economy, thus contributing to the reduction of income social stratification and to the activation of economic growth.
INNOVATIVE MODEL OF FUTURE SOCIAL SPECIALISTS TRAINING ON A BILINGUAL BASIS
Authors: Sytnyakivska Svitlana
Published: January 2018

In the article the model of bilingual training of future social sphere specialists is presented. It was designed taking into account all the components of bilingual professional competence such as: purpose, content and activity, based on general and special educational principles, general didactic and innovative forms of training, the latest and classical teaching methods, using specific means of training, including goals and objectives of bilingual education. We provided a model of bilingual training of future social sphere specialists on which training occurs in four stages: covering, additional, parity, evolutionary and based on the personal-motivated, subject-linguistic, cognitive-operated and evaluated-reflexive components, and a certain level of bilingual professional competence is achieved (adoptive, additive, equal or evolutionary) in future social sphere specialists.
ANALYSIS OF THE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY ADMISSION PROCESS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Karychkovskyi V.
Published: January 2018

In the article the author proposed the block of the relative indicators in 2012-2015 for Educational and professional program for Bachelor’s training of full-time and parttime studies in the field of 6.030601 "Management" at agricultural universities of Ukraine and their evaluation was made. According to the author, the admission procedures are characterized by a number of criteria, among which there are: licensed quota, the number of state demand, admission request number submitted by enrolees, and the number of enrolled students. Also, their quantitative characteristics are defined. Besides, the author calculated the matrix of correlation coefficient to investigate the influence of the determined factors on the results of the admission procedures. It was concluded that there have been negative trends in the number of licensed quota in the fieldof "Management" with simultaneous disproportion of public funding quota. Recommendations for improvement of admission process effectiveness were made.
JUBILEE'S REPORT OF THE 14TH CONGRESS OF THE POLISH ECONOMY FOR THE 15TH ANNUAL OF THE COMMERCIAL INDUSTRY CONGREGATION OF THE POLISH CHAMBER OF COMMUNITY
Authors: Prokopowicz Dariusz , Rakowski Jan
Published: January 2018

The key factor for the effective development of business entities in market conditions is the issue of activating innovation and entrepreneurship, because in this way it is possible to significantly increase the economic efficiency of a given entity, improve the financial situation and, consequently, increase tax revenues to the state budget. In addition, the improvement of business and social relations between enterprises and state and self-government authorities is also particularly important. In connection with the above, the importance of chambers of commerce acting as the integrators of the business community, self-government and state authority institutions and other public entities is growing. One of such chambers of commerce is the Industrial and Commercial Congregation of the Polish Chamber of Commerce, which also integrates the business community with the institutions of locally operating local government units and the regional economic chambers cooperating with them, which mainly associate locally operating entrepreneurs. As part of its activities, the Industrial and Commercial Congregation of the Polish Chamber of Commerce organizes periodically implemented meetings, conferences and congresses, during which debates regarding the need for systemic improvement of economic, normative, fiscal, etc. conditions are made to small and medium-sized companies in the trade sector operating in Poland. The main events integrating entrepreneurs, local government, economists, people of art and politicians organized periodically by the Polish-American Chamber of Commerce and Industry are the Congresses of Polish Economy and the Congresses of Modern Economy. One of the last events of this type was the Jubilee XIV Congress of Polish Economy organized on June 21, 2017 in Warsaw on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the Polish-Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This Congress, which is the subject of the next chapter of this study, continued the problems raised during debates taking place during previous KPH OIG Congresses.
“Ação Educativa em Espaços Culturais”: Formação inicial e continuada de professores – diálogo interativo
Authors: Niedzieluk Luzinete Carpin
Published: January 2018

Este artigo desenvolve uma reflexão e uma análise sobre a importância da disciplina “Ação Educativa em Espaços Culturais” para a formação inicial e continuada de professores de ensino de Arte, como também pretende descrever a metodologia dialógica e qualitativa utilizada pela professora Dra. Sandra Ramalho e Oliveira, desde bibliografia selecionada para leitura em sala como da interação dos alunos com equipes educativas de instituições culturais de Florianópolis, pesquisadores da arte, do ensino de arte e da mediação cultural, até uma Mostra de Artes Visuais organizada pelos próprios estudantes. Nessa, os conceitos que envolvem tal prática como por exemplo, organização, curadoria, museografia, montagem e mediação são efetivamente postos em ação. Nesse cenário, constata-se a articulação entre teoria e prática como aspecto nuclear para a formação de professores. Os resultados demonstraram que todo educador tem condições de participar de todo o processo expositivo criticamente. Recebido em: 01 agosto 2017Aprovado em: 28 novembro 2017
Cinema e incorporações: reflexões e possibilidades educativas
Authors: Ferrari Rodrigo , Fantin Monica
Published: January 2018

Neste artigo apresentamos uma pesquisa sobre as possibilidades de ampliar a compreensão da relação entre cinema e educação a partir dos fenômenos e mecanismos da percepção e da cognição numa dimensão corporal, que estamos denominando de incorporações. O objetivo é especificar novas possibilidades e discutir novos limites teóricos e didáticos do ensino aprendizagem do cinema através das incorporações. Para isso, realizamos um estudo teórico e uma pesquisa aplicada articulando a didática e o cinema em diálogo com a mídia-educação. Entre as considerações, identificamos uma trilha fértil de novas possibilidades para ensinar e aprender cinema, a partir do cruzamento dos pontos de vista cognitivo, estético, cultural, social e político considerando o corpo como sujeito da percepção e da cognição.  Enviado em: 29 de junho de 2017.Aprovado em: 13 de julho de 2017.
A potencialidade edu(vo)cativa do cinema e os desafios à lei 13.006/14 na escola
Authors: Valle Lutiere Dalla , Ravanello Leticia
Published: January 2018

Propomos pensar o cinema como dispositivo, que possibilita produzir aprendizagens, signos, afetos e problematizações, como potência pedagógica, articulando relações entre as artes visuais e as visualidades produzidas no âmbito educativo. A questão que move esta escrita tem como objetivo principal pensar o cinema a partir do conceito edu(vo)cativo e os desafios que encontramos no espaço escolar a partir da lei 13.006/14. Tratamos o cinema como uma experiência artística que possibilita infinitas formas de aprender e ensinar. Evocam novas conexões e recordam na memória possibilidades de tratar o cinema como artefato edu(vo)cativo. A película, incorpora além de tecnologias, diferentes discursos, e como docentes temos possibilidade em mediar.  Enviado em: 06 de junho de 2017.Aprovado em: 13 de julho de 2017.
Isso aqui está virando brasil… Cinema e produções audiovisuais no espaço da formação de professores
Authors: Oliveira Valeska Fortes de
Published: January 2018

No presente texto, trazemos a discussão sobre o potencial do cinema na escola e na formação de professores. Pela dimensão estética a linguagem cinematográfica é uma experiência de arte no espaço educacional, ainda, ampliada na concepção de que o cinema entra na educação como criação, como produção. Nessa perspectiva, apresentamos uma experiência realizada no âmbito da formação inicial de professores (as) no curso de Pedagogia diurno da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, onde a proposição é o desenvolvimento da observação e registro do cotidiano da cidade e da escola como espaços de desaprendizagem e aprendizagem de outras formas de sentir e viver. Aprender a gramática cinematográfica apresentou-se junto com outro desafio – documentar os movimentos de ocupações nas escolas públicas e no espaço universitário.  Enviado em: 06 de junho de 2017.Aprovado em: 13 de julho de 2017.
Cinema, Educação e Interculturalidade: Martírio, o filme
Authors: Fresquet Adriana , Cardoso Junior Wilson
Published: January 2018

No presente trabalho, partimos da educação intercultural crítica para pensar o cruzamento entre cinema, educação e interculturalidade com foco na questão indígena, no contexto do retrocesso das conquistas sociais imposto ao Brasil pelo golpe políticojurídico e midiático de 2016, que resultou no aprofundamento da lógica neoliberal na escola.  Nesse sentido, após apresentarmos algumas questões sobre interculturalidade crítica, seguido de consideraçōes sobre cinema como arte, dedicamos especial atenção ao filme Martírio (Brasil; Carelli, Carvalho & Tita; 2016). Apostamos na sua potência ética, estética e política, multiplicada exponencialmente se transitar pelas  salas de aula das escolas do Brasil e de América toda. Enviado em: 06 de junho de 2017.Aprovado em: 13 de julho de 2017.
A dimensão relacional da arte do presente no presente do ensino da arte
Authors: Trindade Rogério Vanderlei de Lima , Pereira Marcelo De Andrade
Published: January 2018

Este artigo discute as ações-coletivas presentificadas no âmbito da arte tomadas como dispositivo da arte do agora; discorre também sobre como o cotidiano é manifesto nas proposições artísticas inseridas ou não nas abordagens do ensino da arte. O texto sinaliza para uma forma de produção estética que implica aproximar o sujeito com os novos enunciados acerca de si e da arte surgidos na contemporaneidade. A investigação recupera, portanto, alguns conceitos basilares para entendimento de tais questões, principalmente o de estética relacional, procurando estreitar a relação entre a experiência estética e dispositivos relacionais de arte, inserido e atualizado no contexto educacional.~ Recebido em: 09 outubro 2017Aprovado em: 28 novembro 2017
Homens vivendo em situação de rua e a atenção primária em saúde
Authors: Farias Débora Cristina da Silva , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde , Marinho Ítalo Campos , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Conhecer se os homens que vivem em situação de rua sabem a forma de acesso aos serviços de atenção primária em saúde e analisar as possíveis dificuldades que enfrentam para ter acesso a esses serviços. Método: Realizou-se entrevista individual com 24 homens vivendo em situação de rua, frequentadores de uma instituição filantrópica situada em Belém – Pará. Para análise utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Os homens em situação de rua não acessaram os serviços de saúde da atenção primária, principalmente pelo desconhecimento de seus direitos e dos serviços oferecidos. Conclusão: o desconhecimento, questões burocráticas e/ou discriminação dificultam o acesso dos homens em situação de rua aos serviços de atenção primária em saúde.
Monitoramento da terapia antirretroviral para o HIV em uma unidade dispensadora de medicamentos
Authors: Beck Sandra Trevisan , Zankoski Marina , Vielmo Laura , Andrade Claudia Sala
Published: January 2018

OBJETIVOS: Verificar o perfil e adesão ao tratamento de pessoas vivendo com HIV ou aids que iniciaram a Terapia antirretroviral (TARV) no ano de 2015, em Unidade Dispensadora de Medicamentos antirretrovirais de um hospital Público. MÉTODOS: Os dados foram obtidos   através de busca nos registros do Sistema de Controle Logístico de Medicamentos Antirretrovirais. RESULTADOS: houve predominância do sexo masculino, sendo o grau de escolaridade de 58,4% dos pacientes maior que oito anos. Gestantes apresentaram alta adesão a TARV. A infecção por transmissão vertical foi detectada em 1,05% dos casos. Houve 11,83% de abandono de tratamento, sendo possível acompanhar por pelo menos seis meses 156 pacientes. Entre estes 88,5% apresentaram alta adesão a TARV, 3,84% adesão inadequada e 7,7% adesão insuficiente. CONCLUSÕES: O perfil mostrou-se semelhante ao encontrado em outras regiões do Brasil. A adesão a TARV mostrou-se satisfatória especialmente entre gestantes, refletindo na baixa frequência de crianças infectadas verticalmente.