bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Penjualan Secara Online Usaha Getuk di Kelurahan Wajah Kecamatan Ngrambe Kabupaten Ngawi
Authors: Pandowo Hedi , Qimayussa'adah  , Sugiharto
Published: November 2022

Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia dapat bertumbuh kembang berasal dari dana APBN dan usaha kecil menengah yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Sumber lain mengatakan bahwa tanpa bantuan APBN kegiatan perekonomian di Indonesia dapat tumbuh sebesar 4 % dari perputaran kegiatan usaha yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Melihat data tersebut peran masyarakat yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Mengingat pentingnya peran masyarakat dalam menupang pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia, maka semua kegiatan ekonomi masyarakat harus ada bimbingan dan pelatihan, karena perekonomian yang dilakukan masyarakat masih banyak berjalan apa adanya dan belum ada perencanaan yang jelas untuk mencapai kemajuan bisnisnya. Penulis selaku kaum akademis yang mempunyai keahlian dalam ilmu tertentu harus membantu masyarakat khususnya lewat kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dalam hal meningkatkan usaha/ bisnis masyarakat agar dikelola secara profesional dan mencapai tujuan bisnis yang menunjang perekonomian Indonesia. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah membimbing dan melatih masyarakat usaha kecil menengah kelompok usaha getuk di Kelurahan Wajah Kecamatan Ngrambe Kabupaten Ngawi. Pemasaran sebelumnya dilakukan secara tradisional kemudian dilatih penjualan secara online untuk meningkatkan omset penjualan serta produknya dikenal masyarakat lebih luas.
The prevalence of maxillary fractures at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung between 2015 and 2020
Authors: Akmal Fauzan , Nurwiadh Agus , Priyanto Winarno
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroduction: Maxillofacial trauma includes injuries to the lower, middle, or upper thirds of the face and oral cavity. As these fractures have the potential to cause morbidity and even mortality, they require careful examination and management based on their severity. This study aimed to provide information regarding the number and types of maxillary fracture cases at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Methods: The design of this study was a descriptive study. Patients diagnosed with unilateral maxillary fractures, palatal fractures, Le Fort I fractures, Le Fort II fractures, and Le Fort III fractures admitted to Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, from January 2015 - December 2020, were included. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded from this study.Results: This study found 157 maxillary fracture patients out of 1221 maxillofacial trauma patients treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Hasan Sadikin General Hospital between January 2015 and December 2020. Male patients had a more significant number of cases (87.26%). The ages 11 to 20 years had the highest incidence of maxillary fractures (29.29%). Maxillary fractures accompanied by palatal fractures were the most prevalent, followed by Le Fort II fractures and unilateral maxillary fractures (28.66%, 21.01%, and 11.46%, respectively). About 42.67% of patients who experienced maxillary trauma also sustained mild head injuries. The most frequent mechanism of injury was motor vehicle accidents (95.54%).Conclusion: This study reported the prevalence of maxillary fractures at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung between 2015 and 2020 based on fracture types, sex, age groups, head injuries, and mechanism of injury. Future study is required to measure the force, direction, impact mechanism, use of helmets, and types of helmets to prevent maxillofacial trauma.

Keyword : Maxillary fracture, le fort I, le fort II, palatal fracture
O papel do coordenador pedagógico frente à indisciplina escolar
Authors: Jesus Fernanda Bordini Manenti de
Published: November 2022

Tendo em vista que o problema da indisciplina em sala de aula é um fenômeno que vem se exacerbando nas escolas, o coordenador pedagógico tem um papel fundamental neste processo de auxílio aos docentes. Ele deve estar atento às situações de indisciplina e orientar os professores sobre as melhores formas de lidar com elas. Além disso, o coordenador também pode desenvolver projetos educacionais voltados para a prevenção da indisciplina, oferecendo apoio aos docentes sobre este problema. Para tanto, indaga-se: quais estratégias o coordenador pedagógico pode utilizar para auxiliar os docentes quanto à indisciplina? Portanto, tem-se como objetivo relatar o papel do coordenador pedagógico frente à indisciplina. O processo metodológico adotado para este estudo, foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa em artigos e livros de autores que tratam dessa temática. Como resultado, constata-se que o coordenador pedagógico é o elo de ligação entre docentes e estudantes para auxiliar e minimizar os conflitos gerados pela indisciplina em sala de aula. Sua função é garantir que as atividades sejam desenvolvidas de acordo com o planejamento, bem como zelar pelo clima organizacional favorável à aprendizagem. Dessa forma, ele é fundamental para garantir a qualidade do ensino e a disciplina na escola e na sala de aula.
Kewirausahaan Membatik Ecoprint Yang Kreatif Dan Inovatif Bagi Ibu Pkk Perumahaman Politeknik Negeri Malang
Authors: Utaminingsih Alifiulahtin
Published: November 2022

Wirausahawan harus memiliki jiwa wirausaha yaitu seorang yang bertindak kreatif dan inovatif. Seorang wirausaha terlepas apakah karena bakat atau dari proses pengembangan keterampilan, pada umumnya memiliki ciri-ciri: gemar berusaha, tegar walaupun gagal, percaya diri, memiliki self determination atau locus of control yang baik, berani menanggung segala risiko, memandang perubahan sebagai suatu tantangan dan peluang. Perumahan Politeknik negeri Malang berada dalam lingkungan pertanian, sehingga banyak dedaunan dari berbagai jenis tanaman yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk motif batik ecoprint sehingga fokus yang menarik untuk dilakukannya pengabdian masyarakat adalah pelatihan membatik ecoprint karena alat-alat mudah didapat dan bahannya cukup terjangkau dengan memanfaatkan corak dan getah berbagai jenis tanam-tanaman (daun-daunan maupun bunga-bungaan) yang ada dilingkungan sekitar perumahan. Permasalahan yang ditemukan adalah belum optimalnya pengembangan life skill berupa peningkatan keterampilan, oleh sebab itu perlu untuk dilakukan pengembangan kapasitas diri bagi ibu-ibu PKK Politeknik Negeri Malang dengan menumbuhkan jiwa wirausaha berbasis ekonomi kreatif dan inovatif yang bernilai ekonomis, yang dilakukan melalui keterampilan membatik ecoprint, sehingga kedepannya mampu menciptakan wirausaha perempuan guna meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga
Meteorological Trend Analysis in Chandaka Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha, India using Statistical Techniques
Authors: K Joshi , K.M. Sethy
Published: November 2022

Globally, climate change has drawn a lot of attention. Depending on the area, the degree of the fluctuations or variability of the climatic factors changes. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate climate influenced changes and recommend viable adaptation approaches by observing at temporal dynamics of various meteorological parameters in perspective climate change, mostly in the rain-fed agriculture dominant countries in the world. The current research describes the long-term patterns of meteorological variables such as precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, soil moisture, wind speed and solar radiation of the Chandaka Wildlife Sanctuary which is largely located in Cuttuck and Khordha Districts of the state of Odisha in India. The observed historical meteorological data from 1981 to 2021 were used in this study to assess the patterns. For that purpose, the current study examines short-term changes and long-term fluctuations in various meteorological parameters of Chandaka Wildlife Sanctuary. In this study, all of the meteorological data from the years 1981 to 2021 were evaluated. The issues were observed at and analyzed using statistical trend analysis tools like the Mann-Kendall (MK) analysis and Sen's slope estimation tests. According to a thorough review of the meteorological data for 41 years, the region between 1981 and 2021 experienced an increase in yearly precipitation, soil moisture and relative humidity pattern while seeing a decreasein wind speed, temperature and solar radiation pattern. Forty one years of data have been used to identify an annual long-term trend. The climatic parameters analyzed by this MK test show both decreasing and increasing patterns, proposing to major significant changes in the research area. In addition, this research into the area may disclose other aspects that will be supportive in controlling climatic parameters of the particular region.
Assessment of Seasonal Variation (2020 to 2021) in Physico-Chemical Parameters of Nandalar Estuary in East Coast of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: R. Anusiya , M. Sukumaran
Published: November 2022

Estuaries are defined as the areas between rivers and the ocean that have unique ecological characteristics, a wealth of flora and fauna, and are essential to both biodiversity and hydrological processes. Aquatic ecosystems depend on their biological traits as well as their physical and chemical qualities. The objective of the current study was to identify seasonal variations in the physico-chemical parameters of Tamil Nadu's Nandalar Estuary. The physico-chemical characteristics of the Nandalar Estuary were recorded which have an impact on the estuarine environment. Future analyses of the ecological, biological, and cultural elements of estuarine species as well as the allowable limit of fisheries and aquatic life would benefit from preliminary data on the physico-chemical parameters in this Nandalar estuary area.
Bioactive Compounds from Marine Actinomycetes and Their Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Kumar K. Dinesh , J Vigneshwari , A Gnanasekaran , V Selvamani , P.K. Senthilkumar
Published: November 2022

Marine actinomycetes are a rich source of bioactive compounds. It could be found in coastal marine sediments. 70 to 80% of the secondary metabolites generated by actinomycetes are medically active substances. Many researches are focused on actinomycetes because of its having many bio prospecting features. The actinomycetes strains (PPT 3) are isolated from Parangipettai coastal region. The SEM analysis was used to identify actinomycetes. The strain exhibited superior inhibitory action in both primary and secondary antibacterial activity screenings against Salmonella typhi (25 mm) and Haemophilus influenza (27 mm), which are known to cause typhoid and pneumonia disease, respectively.
Current and future perspectives for Helicobacter pylori treatment and management: From antibiotics to probiotics
Authors: Liang Bing , Yuan Yang , Peng Xiao-Jin , Liu Xin-Lin , Hu Xiao-Kun , Xing Dong-Ming
Published: November 2022

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and is the leading cause of gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers, as well as the most definite and controllable risk factor for the development of gastric cancer. Currently, the regimen for H. pylori eradication has changed from triple to quadruple, the course of treatment has been extended, and the type and dose of antibiotics have been adjusted, with limited improvement in efficacy but gradually increasing side effects and repeated treatment failures in an increasing number of patients. In recent years, probiotics have become one of the most important tools for supporting intestinal health and immunity. Numerous in vitro studies, animal studies, and clinical observations have demonstrated that probiotics have the advantage of reducing side effects and increasing eradication rates in adjuvant anti-H. pylori therapy and are a valuable supplement to conventional therapy. However, many different types of probiotics are used as adjuncts against H. pylori, in various combinations, with different doses and timing, and the quality of clinical studies varies, making it difficult to standardize the results. In this paper, we focus on the risk, status, prevention, control, and treatment of H. pylori infection and review international consensus guidelines. We also summarize the available scientific evidence on using Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) as a critical probiotic for H. pylori treatment and discuss its clinical research and application from an evidence-based perspective.
Compression syndromes of the popliteal artery due to intramuscular ganglion cyst of the biceps femoris: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zheng Kai , Yang Wentao , Ren Hualiang , Wang Shengxing , Sun Mingsheng , Zhang Wangde , Li Chunmin
Published: November 2022

Intramuscular ganglion cyst (IMGC) is a very rare lesion with an unidentified pathogeny that originates within the muscle. We encountered a case of 49-year-old man who complained of intermittent claudication in the right lower limb for 2 months. An intramuscular ganglion cyst in the biceps femoris muscle was diagnosed and located by Computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which compressed the popliteal artery and resulted in ischemia in the right lower limb. Six months after surgical resection, there was no recurrence of the cyst and the popliteal artery was patency. We describe this case with a review of the relevant literature.
Engineering peptide-polymer hybrids for targeted repair and protection of cervical lesions
Authors: Spencer Paulette , Ye Qiang , Misra Anil , Chandler Josephine R. , Cobb Charles M. , Tamerler Candan
Published: November 2022

By 2060, nearly 100 million people in the USA will be over the age of 65 years. One-third of these older adults will have root caries, and nearly 80% will have dental erosion. These conditions can cause pain and loss of tooth structure that interfere with eating, speaking, sleeping, and quality of life. Current treatments for root caries and dental erosion have produced unreliable results. For example, the glass-ionomer-cement or composite-resin restorations used to treat these lesions have annual failure rates of 44% and 17%, respectively. These limitations and the pressing need to treat these conditions in the aging population are driving a focus on microinvasive strategies, such as sealants and varnishes. Sealants can inhibit caries on coronal surfaces, but they are ineffective for root caries. For healthy, functionally independent elders, chlorhexidine varnish applied every 3 months inhibits root caries, but this bitter-tasting varnish stains the teeth. Fluoride gel inhibits root caries, but requires prescriptions and daily use, which may not be feasible for some older patients. Silver diamine fluoride can both arrest and inhibit root caries but stains the treated tooth surface black. The limitations of current approaches and high prevalence of root caries and dental erosion in the aging population create an urgent need for microinvasive therapies that can: (a) remineralize damaged dentin; (b) inhibit bacterial activity; and (c) provide durable protection for the root surface. Since cavitated and non-cavitated root lesions are difficult to distinguish, optimal approaches will treat both. This review will explore the multi-factorial elements that contribute to root surface lesions and discuss a multi-pronged strategy to both repair and protect root surfaces. The strategy integrates engineered peptides, novel polymer chemistry, multi-scale structure/property characterization and predictive modeling to develop a durable, microinvasive treatment for root surface lesions.
The cross-cultural suitability analysis of “the Educator Cognitive Sensitivity scale”: Empirical exploration from early childhood teachers
Authors: Lu Beibei , Chen Dezhi , Yan Congcong
Published: November 2022

The applicability of the Educator Cognitive Sensitivity (ECS) scale is an important prerequisite for promoting teachers’cognitive sensitivity concepts and research. For this reason, we have expanded the study of the measurement properties of the ECS scale in the Chinese context of early childhood teachers and promote the development and research of cognitive sensitivity of teachers in the context of Chinese culture. The scale was used to evaluate 100 Early childhood teachers from a province in eastern China. The results showed that the internal consistency of the scale was good. The structural validity analysis results of the scale were similar to the existing research results; taking some items in the curriculum promotion of “The Path Towards Excellence—Chinese Kindergarten Education Quality Rating Standards” and children’s development scale as the target, the empirical validity analysis results showed that the empirical validity of the scale was not very ideal, which needs further practical exploration in the future.
Rubric development for AI-enabled scoring of three-dimensional constructed-response assessment aligned to NGSS learning progression
Authors: Kaldaras Leonora , Yoshida Nicholas R. , Haudek Kevin C.
Published: November 2022

Introduction

The Framework for K-12 Science Education (the Framework) and the Next- Generation Science Standards (NGSS) define three dimensions of science: disciplinary core ideas, scientific and engineering practices, and crosscutting concepts and emphasize the integration of the three dimensions (3D) to reflect deep science understanding. The Framework also emphasizes the importance of using learning progressions (LPs) as roadmaps to guide assessment development. These assessments capable of measuring the integration of NGSS dimensions should probe the ability to explain phenomena and solve problems. This calls for the development of constructed response (CR) or open-ended assessments despite being expensive to score. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology such as machine learning (ML)-based approaches have been utilized to score and provide feedback on open-ended NGSS assessments aligned to LPs. ML approaches can use classifications resulting from holistic and analytic coding schemes for scoring short CR assessments. Analytic rubrics have been shown to be easier to evaluate for the validity of ML-based scores with respect to LP levels. However, a possible drawback of using analytic rubrics for NGSS-aligned CR assessments is the potential for oversimplification of integrated ideas. Here we describe how to deconstruct a 3D holistic rubric for CR assessments probing the levels of an NGSS-aligned LP for high school physical sciences.

Methods

We deconstruct this rubric into seven analytic categories to preserve the 3D nature of the rubric and its result scores and provide subsequent combinations of categories to LP levels.

Results

The resulting analytic rubric had excellent human- human inter-rater reliability across seven categories (Cohen’s kappa range 0.82–0.97). We found overall scores of responses using the combination of analytic rubric very closely agreed with scores assigned using a holistic rubric (99% agreement), suggesting the 3D natures of the rubric and scores were maintained. We found differing levels of agreement between ML models using analytic rubric scores and human-assigned scores. ML models for categories with a low number of positive cases displayed the lowest level of agreement.

Discussion

We discuss these differences in bin performance and discuss the implications and further applications for this rubric deconstruction approach.
A nomogram for evaluation and analysis of difficulty in retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A single-center study with prospective validation using LASSO-logistic regression
Authors: Sun Shiwei , Wang Jinyao , Yang Bin , Wang Yue , Yao Wei , Yue Peng , Niu Xiangnan , Feng Anhao , Zhang Lele , Yan Liang , Cheng Wei , Zhang Yangang
Published: November 2022

Background

While it is known that inaccurate evaluation for retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (RPLA) can affect the surgical results of patients, no stable and effective prediction model for the procedure exists. In this study, we aimed to develop a computed tomography (CT) -based radiological-clinical prediction model for evaluating the surgical difficulty of RPLA.

Method

Data from 398 patients with adrenal tumors treated by RPLA in a single center from August 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into sets. The influencing factors were selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model (LASSO). Additionally, the nomogram was constructed. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the prediction efficiency of the nomogram. The C-index and bootstrap self-sampling methods were used to verify the discrimination and consistency of the nomogram.

Result

The following 11 independent influencing factors were selected by LASSO: body mass index, diabetes mellitus, scoliosis, hyperlipidemia, history of operation, tumor diameter, distance from adrenal tumor to upper pole of kidney, retro renal fat area, hyperaldosteronism, pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, and myelolipoma. The area under the curve (AUC) of the training set was 0.787, and 0.844 in the internal validation set. Decision curve analyses indicated the model to be useful. An additional 117 patients were recruited for prospective validation, and AUC was 0.848.

Conclusion

This study developed a radiological-clinical prediction model proposed for predicting the difficulty of RPLA procedures. This model was suitable, accessible, and helpful for individualized surgical preparation and reduced operational risk. Thus, this model could contribute to more patients’ benefit in circumventing surgical difficulties because of accurate predictive abilities.
The impact of insurance company participation on the capital market’s sustainable development—empirical evidence based on investor sentiment and stock price synchronicity
Authors: Hao Fangjing , Li Boyang , Yang Juan
Published: November 2022

Given the representativeness and availability of data, this paper selects personal posts from the Oriental Wealth Internet Cafe and Sina Internet Cafe Forum to analyze the mechanism of insurance company participation, investor sentiment, and stock price synchronicity in China. Using a panel of data of listed companies from 2007 to 2018, evidence shows that investor sentiment in the stock market forum will increase the synchronicity of stock prices in the short term, while an insurance company’s shareholding effectively reduces the impact of investor sentiment on share price synchronicity which plays a mediator effect; the higher the proportion of the insurance company’s shareholdings, the more evident the effect. By conducting counterfactual research, the study found that insurance company participation can reduce the synchronicity of stock price by 0.10435 in a group with high investor sentiment than a group with low investor sentiment. For each investor sentiment group, the higher the proportion of the insurance company’s shareholdings, the greater the reduction in the synchronicity of stock prices. The results of this study can be used by national regulatory authorities to formulate policies in the field of e-finance in order to reduce stock price synchronization, stabilize financial markets, and minimize systemic financial risks.
The effect of road-based mortality on a local population of newts along a narrow two-lane road in California
Authors: Wilkinson Jeffery A. , Romansic John M.
Published: November 2022

Numerous studies have documented high numbers of amphibians killed by vehicular strikes on roads. This direct mortality can cause population declines and extirpations, but in some cases the declines might be masked, initially, by large population sizes. Population viability analysis can help discern population trajectories and identify incipient declines. We applied this tool to a situation in Santa Clara County, California where a dead-on-the-road carcass survey in 2017 demonstrated that a large number of newts in the genus Taricha were being killed by vehicles using a small two-lane road (Alma Bridge Road) most likely during annual breeding migrations to a local reservoir (Lexington Reservoir). To help determine the effect of this road-based mortality on the California newt (T. torosa) population, we conducted a drift fence/pitfall trap array study on the road during the 2020–2021 breeding season. Drift fence/pitfall trap arrays were installed at six locations along a 6.6-km stretch of the road and daily surveys were conducted at these arrays over a 148-day period from mid-November to end of March. Daily traffic and precipitation data were also recorded to help inform timing of proposed mitigation efforts. Concurrently, a group of community scientists conducted a dead-on-the-road carcass survey over the entire 6.6-km study area. We calculated the number of adult newts attempting to cross Alma Bridge Road at the arrays and the associated road-based mortality rates. Then, we combined our array results with road mortality data provided by the community scientists to estimate the number of adult California newts attempting to cross the road and their mortality rates over the entire study area during the survey period. We then incorporated this data into a population viability model to determine whether this road-based mortality rate might, if left unabated, lead to a reduction in, and possibly the eventual extirpation of, the local population of T. torosa breeding in Lexington Reservoir. The model indicated that this population would be extirpated in approximately 92  years. Because the road has been in use for approximately 67  years, we discussed the possible reasons why this population is currently extant and experiencing this high level of road-based mortality.
Development of polymeric nanofibers blended with extract of neem (Azadirachta indica), for potential biomedical applications
Authors: Hameed Arruje , Rehman Touseef Ur , Rehan Zulfiqar Ahmad , Noreen Razia , Iqbal Sarosh , Batool Shaheera , Qayyum Muhammad Abdul , Ahmed Toheed , Farooq Tahir
Published: November 2022

In recent years, electrospinning has emerged as a promising technique for the preparation of nanofibers with unique properties like flexibility, high porosity and high surface area. In the context of nanodelivery systems, polymer-based nanofibers have become promising carriers of drugs and bioactive compounds ensuring their sustained release and targeted delivery. In this study, neem extract-loaded nanofibers were developed as sustained delivery systems using the electrospinning method. The chitosan, alginate and polyethylene oxide were used as the polymeric matrix for loading of aqueous extract of neem leaves. The prepared nanofibers NF1, NF2 and NF3 carrying 2%, 4% and 6% extract respectively were characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD and TGA. Further, the as-prepared nanocomposites exhibited a high degree of swelling and dual-phase release of phytoconstituents. Moreover, the developed controlled delivery systems were tested for antifungal and antioxidant potential. Importantly, the bioactivities of the prepared nanofibers could be improved further by using organic extracts which are generally enriched with phytoconstituents. Herein, we selected biodegradable and mucoadhesive biopolymers and an aqueous extract of neem for the development of controlled-delivery nanofibers by electrospinning through a sustainable and cleaner production process. Thus, the prepared biocompatible nanofibrous systems with biphasic release profile could be employed for biomedical applications including wound dressing, soft tissue scaffolds and as transdermal carriers.
Diversity and genomics of giant viruses in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
Authors: Farzad Roxanna , Ha Anh D. , Aylward Frank O.
Published: November 2022

Large double-stranded DNA viruses of the phylum Nucleocytoviricota, often referred to as “giant viruses,” are ubiquitous members of marine ecosystems that are important agents of mortality for eukaryotic plankton. Although giant viruses are known to be prevalent in marine systems, their activities in oligotrophic ocean waters remain unclear. Oligotrophic gyres constitute the majority of the ocean and assessing viral activities in these regions is therefore critical for understanding overall marine microbial processes. In this study, we generated 11 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of giant viruses from samples previously collected from Station ALOHA in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that they belong to the orders Imitervirales (n = 6), Algavirales (n = 4), and Pimascovirales (n = 1). Genome sizes ranged from ~119–574 kbp, and several of the genomes encoded predicted TCA cycle components, cytoskeletal proteins, collagen, rhodopsins, and proteins potentially involved in other cellular processes. Comparison with other marine metagenomes revealed that several have broad distribution across ocean basins and represent abundant viral constituents of pelagic surface waters. Our work sheds light on the diversity of giant viruses present in oligotrophic ocean waters across the globe.
MicroRNA cerebrospinal fluid profile during the early brain injury period as a biomarker in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
Authors: Pedrosa Leire , Hoyos Jhon , Reyes Luis , Llull Laura , Santana Daniel , de Riva Nicolás , Mellado Ricard , Sala Xavier , Rodríguez-Hernández Ana , Enseñat Joaquim , Amaro Sergio , Torné Ramon
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a dreadful complication present in up to 30% of patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Indeed, DCI is one of the main causes of long-term disability in SAH, yet its prediction and prevention are troublesome in poor-grade SAH cases. In this prospective study, we explored the potential role of micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA, abbreviated miRNAs)—small non-coding RNAs involved in clue gene regulation at the post-transcriptional level—as biomarkers of neurological outcomes in SAH patients.

Methods

We analyzed the expression of several miRNAs present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of SAH patients during the early stage of the disease (third-day post-hemorrhage). NanoString Technologies were used for the characterization of the CSF samples.

Results

We found an overexpression of miRNAs in the acute stage of 57 SAH in comparison with 10 non-SAH controls. Moreover, a differential expression of specific miRNAs was detected according to the severity of clinical onset, but also regarding the development of DCI and the midterm functional outcomes.

Conclusion

These observations reinforce the potential utility of miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in SAH patients. In addition, the identification of specific miRNAs related to SAH evolution might provide insights into their regulatory functions of pathophysiological pathways, such as the TGF-β inflammatory pathway and blood-brain barrier disruption.
Corticospinal neurons from motor and somatosensory cortices exhibit different temporal activity dynamics during motor learning
Authors: Macías Martín , Lopez-Virgen Verónica , Olivares-Moreno Rafael , Rojas-Piloni Gerardo
Published: November 2022

The ability to learn motor skills implicates an improvement in accuracy, speed and consistency of movements. Motor control is related to movement execution and involves corticospinal neurons (CSp), which are broadly distributed in layer 5B of the motor and somatosensory cortices. CSp neurons innervate the spinal cord and are functionally diverse. However, whether CSp activity differs between different cortical areas throughout motor learning has been poorly explored. Given the importance and interaction between primary motor (M1) and somatosensory (S1) cortices related to movement, we examined the functional roles of CSp neurons in both areas. We induced the expression of GCaMP7s calcium indicator to perform photometric calcium recordings from layer 5B CSp neurons simultaneously in M1 and S1 cortices and track their activity while adult mice learned and performed a cued lever-press task. We found that during early learning sessions, the population calcium activity of CSp neurons in both cortices during movement did not change significantly. In late learning sessions the peak amplitude and duration of calcium activity CSp neurons increased in both, M1 and S1 cortices. However, S1 and M1 CSp neurons display a different temporal dynamic during movements that occurred when animals learned the task; both M1 and S1 CSp neurons activate before movement initiation, however, M1 CSp neurons continue active during movement performance, reinforcing the idea of the diversity of the CSp system and suggesting that CSp neuron activity in M1 and S1 cortices throughout motor learning have different functional roles for sensorimotor integration.
Oxygen-enriched oleic matrix (NovoX) for wound healing in pediatric patients undergoing open surgical treatment for pilonidal disease: Preliminary experience
Authors: Bisol Marta , Tykhomyrova Sophia , Pagliara Camilla , Scarpa Maria-Grazia , Guida Edoardo , Olenik Damiana , Codrich Daniela , Schleef Jürgen , Boscarelli Alessandro
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Pilonidal disease (PD) is a common infectious and inflammatory condition affecting the gluteal cleft and sacrococcygeal region. The optimal treatment for PD remains controversial. While the open technique reduces the number of relapses compared to minimally invasive approaches, it is associated with a longer healing time. Reactive oxygen species are a key part of the normal wound-healing process. Herein, we reported our preliminary experience using a new oxygen-enriched oil-based product called NovoX for wound healing after open surgery for PD.

Materials and methods

We used a new oxygen-enriched product for wound healing in three pediatric patients undergoing open surgical repair for PD between December 2021 and April 2022. During postoperative follow-up, healing time and the aesthetic result were evaluated.

Results

Our preliminary study included three patients with chronic PD. The average follow-up time was 5 weeks, corresponding to the end of the healing process and the resumption of normal daily activities. Only one mild complication occurred during the study period. No short-term side effects were reported. The cosmetic result was reported as satisfactory.

Conclusion

NovoX is easy to apply, safe, and effective for treating pediatric patients undergoing open surgical treatment for PD, leading to slightly faster wound healing with good aesthetic outcomes.
The association of gabapentin initiation and neurocognitive changes in older adults with normal cognition
Authors: Oh GYeon , Moga Daniela C. , Fardo David W. , Abner Erin L.
Published: November 2022

Background: Gabapentin is increasingly prescribed to older adults, which raises concerns about its potential to cause neurocognitive changes. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association of gabapentin use with neurocognitive changes (i.e., cognitive decline, functional status decline, and motor function change) in older adults.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (UDS; September 2005-March 2021 data freeze). From the eligible sample (≥age 65 years), we identified cognitively normal new-users of gabapentin and the visit they initiated gabapentin (i.e., index visit). Initiators were matched to randomly selected nonusers on year of UDS enrollment and visit number from enrollment to index. Cognitive decline was defined as any increase in the Clinical Dementia Rating global score (CDRGLOB) and as a 1-point increase in CDR sum of boxes (CDR-SB). Functional status decline was defined as a 3-point increase in the sum of the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) and as 0.3-point increase in mean FAQ. Decline in motor function was defined as new clinician reports of gait disorder, falls, and slowness. To mitigate confounding and selection bias, we used joint stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights and stabilized inverse probability of censoring weights. All analyses were conducted comparing index to index+1 and index+2 visits.

Results: From the eligible UDS participants (N = 23,059), we included 480 initiators (mean age [SD]: 78.7 [6.9]; male 34.4%); 4,320 nonusers (78.3 [7.0]; 34.4%). Gabapentin initiation was significantly associated with cognitive/functional status decline: worsening CDRGLOB at index+1 visit (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.55 [1.07, 2.25]); CDR-SB at index+1 visit (1.94 [1.22, 3.09]); and mean of FAQ at index+2 visit (1.78 [1.12, 2.83]). After excluding initiators with extant motor dysfunction (n = 21), we identified 459 initiators (78.7 [6.9]; 34.0%) and 4,131 nonusers (78.2 [6.9]; 34.7%); in this sample, gabapentin initiation was associated with increased falls at the index+2 visit (2.51 [1.19, 5.31]).

Conclusion: Gabapentin initiation was significantly associated with deleterious neurocognitive changes among older adults with initially normal cognition. Further studies are needed to examine the risk/benefit of prescribing gabapentin in older adults.
Role of AMPK in autophagy
Authors: Wang Shengyuan , Li Hongyan , Yuan Minghao , Fan Haixia , Cai Zhiyou
Published: November 2022

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a significant energy sensor in the maintenance of cellular energy homeostasis. Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process that involves an intracellular degradation system in which cytoplasmic components, such as protein aggregates, organelles, and other macromolecules, are directed to the lysosome through the self-degradative process to maintain cellular homeostasis. Given the triggered autophagy process in various situations including the nutrient deficit, AMPK is potentially linked with different stages of autophagy. Above all, AMPK increases ULK1 activity by directly phosphorylating Ser467, Ser555, Thr574, and Ser637 at least four sites, which increases the recruitment of autophagy-relevant proteins (ATG proteins) to the membrane domains which affects autophagy at the initiation stage. Secondly, AMPK inhibits VPS34 complexes that do not contain pro-autophagic factors and are thus involved in isolation membrane forming processes, by direct phosphorylation of VPS34 on Thr163 and Ser165. After phosphorylation, AMPK can govern autophagosome formation through recruiting downstream autophagy-related proteins to the autophagosome formation site. Finally, the AMPK-SIRT1 signaling pathway can be activated by upregulating the transcription of autophagy-related genes, thereby enhancing autophagosome-lysosome fusion. This review provides an introduction to the role of AMPK in different stages of autophagy.
Social support and psychological well-being in younger and older adults: The mediating effects of basic psychological need satisfaction
Authors: Shin Huiyoung , Park Chaerim
Published: November 2022

This study examined the associations between social support from different relationship types (i.e., spouses, children, friends, and parents) and psychological well-being (i.e., happiness and depressive symptoms), and the mediating effects of basic psychological need satisfaction (i.e., autonomy, competence, and relatedness) in these associations. A dataset on social support, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and psychological well-being was collected from 823 South Korean adults (the mean of age = 48.83; 50.40% male). Results showed that social support from spouses and friends had the most robust associations with happiness and depressive symptoms. In addition, the satisfaction of needs for autonomy and relatedness mediated the associations between social support from spouses and friends, and happiness and depressive symptoms. However, these associations differed by age groups. Although social support satisfied basic psychological needs better for younger adults than for older adults, the satisfaction of needs for autonomy and relatedness was critical in order to support well-being for both groups.
Attention to food cues following media multitasking is associated with cross-sectional BMI among adolescents
Authors: Brand John , Carlson Delaina , Ballarino Grace , Lansigan Reina Kato , Emond Jennifer , Gilbert-Diamond Diane
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To measure attention to food cues following a multitask or a sustained attention single task, and further, to examine the associations with current weight status and excess consumption.

Methods

Ninety-six 13-to 17-year-olds were fed a standardized meal and then had their attention to food cues measured following completion of a single sustained attention task, media multitask, or a passive viewing control task. Participants then completed an eating in the absence of hunger paradigm to measure their excess consumption. Adolescents completed each condition on separate visits in randomized order. Attention to food cues was measured by computing eye-tracking measures of attention, first fixation duration, and cumulative fixation duration to distractor images while participants played the video game, Tetris. Participants also had their height and weight measured.

Results

Although not statistically significant, attention to food cues was greatest following a media multitask and weakest following a task that engaged sustained attention when compared to a control. First fixation duration was positively and statistically significantly associated with BMI-Z when measured following a multitask. Cumulative fixation duration was not associated with BMI-Z. There were no associations between BMI-Z and attention to food cues after the attention or control task, nor any association between attention to food cues and eating in the absence of hunger.

Conclusion

Among adolescents, we found that current adiposity was related to attention to food cues following a multitask. Multitasking may perturb the cognitive system to increase attention to food cues.
Self-reported narcissistic traits in patients with addiction through the lens of the ICD-11 model for personality disorders
Authors: Riegel Karel D. , Schlosserova Lucia , Zbornik Tadeas S.
Published: November 2022

Background

There is a presumption that pathological narcissism, or narcissistic personality disorder per se, can be considered a precursor to addiction. Although the ICD-11 model does not distinguish specific personality disorders, narcissistic psychopathology should be captured through personality trait qualifiers.

Objectives

To verify the capacity of the ICD-11 model in the detection of narcissistic psychopathology in patients with addiction; to test its discrimination capacity, convergent validity, and specificity toward the gender and the type of addiction.

Materials and methods

Two samples were employed in the study. Sample 1 (n = 421) consisted of patients with addiction; Sample 2 (n = 567) consisted of general population volunteers. Age range was 18–75 years and a battery of self-assessment questionnaires containing Personality Inventory for DSM-5–Brief Form Plus Modified; Triarchic Psychopathy Measure; Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale; and Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Self-Report was administered by pencil-and-paper method.

Results

The following was confirmed: (1) capacity of the ICD-11 model in relation to capture narcissistic pathology; (2) the differentiation capacity between the clinical and non-clinical population; (3) gender specificity in relation to grandiose and vulnerable narcissism; (4) the connection between the overall degree of impairment in personality functioning and most of trait qualifiers; (5) certain specifics of patients with addiction in relation to the type of addiction.

Conclusion

Results support the empirical and clinical relevance of the ICD-11 model in capturing narcissistic pathology in addicted patients. Clinical implications concerning assessment and treatment in addiction settings, and certain limits regarding the Anankastia domain are discussed.
Evaluation of psychometric properties of dietary habits, lifestyle, food frequency consumption, and nutritional beliefs (KomPAN) questionnaire in Iranian adults
Authors: Saadati Kiyana , Chaboksavar Fakhreddin , Jahangasht Ghoozlu Khadije , Shamsalinia Abbas , Kordbageri Mohammad Reza , Ghadimi Reza , Porasgari Zeinab , Ghaffari Fatemeh
Published: November 2022

Background

Adherence to unhealthy dietary patterns is a major cause of overweight and obesity in adults. Therefore, it is recommended that assessment and modification of unhealthy lifestyle should be included in prevention programs. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to evaluate the status of dietary patterns in adults with valid and reliable tools. Thus, the aims of the present study were to translate the KomPAN questionnaire, evaluate its psychometric properties in Iranian adults and measure 4 dietary indices including high-saturated-fats-Diet-Index-8 (hSFDI-8), high-Sugar- Diet-Index-4 (hSDI-4), low-Glycaemic-Diet-Index-4 (LGIDI-4) and high- Glycaemic-Diet-Index-7 (hGIDI-7) based on 3 groups of body mass index (BMI) (BMI = 18.5–24.9, BMI = 25–29.9 and BMI ≥ 30), gender, educational level, income status, and age.

Methods

The KomPAN questionnaire included 4 scales nutrition beliefs (NB), lifestyle, food frequency consumption (FFC), dietary habits (DH) and after its translation from English into Persian, the psychometric properties of all 4 scales (face and content validity) were evaluated. For both FFC and NB scales, the construct validity was assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and convergent and discriminant validity, the internal consistency was evaluated using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, McDonald's omega (Ω) and Theta coefficient (θ), as well as the stability was assessed via intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Cross-classification and Kappa statistics were evaluated for both DH and lifestyle scales. Then, 4 dietary indices were measured in terms of demographic variables.

Results

The cross-classification of DH (93.96%) and lifestyle (95.87%) scales indicated the percentage of correct classification in the test-retest scales. The Kappa statistic was >0.4 and its value was acceptable. The mean Kappa statistics were 0.734 and 0.865 for the DH and lifestyle scales, respectively. The fit indices showed that the two-factor construct of the FFC scale and the one-factor construct of the NB scale had a good and acceptable fit among the Iranian adults. The FFC and NB scales had acceptable internal consistency and stability.

Conclusion

It is recommended that other researchers use the KomPAN questionnaire to identify DH, FFC, NB and lifestyle as well as measure diet quality scores in the adult community.
Shift work is significantly and positively associated with possible gastro-esophageal reflux disease: A meta-analysis study
Authors: Chen Hsiang-Tai , Chuang Hung-Yi , Hsieh Tsung-Yu , Wu Pei-Shan , Lin Fang-Jiun , Huang Huan-Chih , Yang Chen-Cheng , Kuo Chao-Hung
Published: November 2022

Background

One of the health issues related to shift work patterns is possible gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms. However, the association between shift work and possible GERD symptoms through meta-analysis has not been developed in the current literature field. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the association between shift work and possible GERD symptoms through meta-analysis.

Methods

Studies containing target keywords were found in three datasets, and four articles were selected for further analysis after examining the title, abstract, and text. All prevalence odds ratios (ORs) among different groups of the population and the standard error (SE) from each included study were calculated for conducting meta-analysis.

Result

The pooled OR has shown a significant positive association between shift work and possible GERD (OR 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–1.77, p-value 0.003). Compared to non-shift workers, the subgroup analysis indicates there are positive associations between possible GERD and the night shift (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.16–1.66), and the rotating shift (OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.44–2.33). The subgroup analysis has also shown similar trends in shift working men (OR 1.28; 95% CI 1.03–1.60) and shift workers of both genders (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.45–2.11).

Conclusion

This study has shown a positive association between shift work and possible GERD.