bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abdominal wound closure in the presence of sepsis: our experience with the use of subcutaneous drain
Authors: Tagar Esteem , Kpolugbo James , E. Dongo Andrew , Osime Clement , Eshiobo Irekpita , Irabor David
Published: March 2024

Objectives: Patients requiring surgery for secondary peritonitis demonstrate a significantly increased risk for incisional surgical site infection. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of subcutaneous wound drain post-laparotomy for contaminated surgical wounds.Design: This was a prospective comparative hospital-based study.Setting: Patients who had surgery for secondary peritonitis in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital were studied.Participants: Fifty patients aged 16 years and above who presented with secondary peritonitis.Intervention: Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into two equal groups. Group A had a suction drain placed in the subcutaneous space after laparotomy while Group B did not.Main outcome measures: Development of incisional surgical site infection, wound dehiscence, and duration of postoperative hospital stay.Results: The incidence of incisional surgical site infection was significantly less in Group A (20%) than in Group B (68%). There was no case of wound dehiscence in Group A as against 3 (12%) in Group B. The difference was not statistically significant. The mean duration of hospital stay was significantly less with subcutaneous suction drain (8.96+2.81 Vs 14.04+8.05; p = 0.005).Conclusion: Subcutaneous suction drainage is beneficial in abdominal wall closure in cases of peritonitis as it significantlyreduces the incidence of incisional surgical site infection and the duration of postoperative hospital stay. Thereduction in surgical wound dehiscence observed in this study was, however, not statistically significant.
Ameliorative effect of Quercetin and Omega-3 Fatty Acids on haematological and liver function impairment induced by mosquito coil smoke in male Wistar rats
Authors: Aribo E. O. , Uquetan S. U. , Phillip S. U. , Uduak A. O.
Published: March 2024

The use of mosquito coils is one method adopted to control malaria Inhalation of the coil smoke causes adverse effects, including hepatic and haematological toxicities associated with oxidative stress. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of phytochemical antioxidants (Quercetin and Omega-3) on mosquito coil smoke-induced haematological and hepatic impairments. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups viz control, mosquito coil-only (MC), mosquito coil+Quercetin (MC+Q) and mosquito coil+Omega-3 (MC+OM3) groups of five rats each. Quercetin and Omega-3 were administered daily at 20mg/kg and 600mg/kg respectively. The duration of daily exposure and treatment was 42 days after which blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture for determination of relevant haematological and hepatic parameters. The RBC count was significantly reduced in the MC group compared with the control (P<0.05) but was higher in the MC+Quercetin group than in the MC group. Haemoglobin was decreased in the MC and MC+Omega-3 groups compared with the control (P<0.05). White blood cell count was higher in the MC group than in the control group (P<0.05) but lower in the MC+OM3 and MC+Q groups than in the MC group (P<0.05). The lymphocyte count was higher in the MC group than in the control group (P<0.05). Serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the MC group compared with the control group but were reduced (P<0.05) in the MC+OM3 and MC+Q groups compared with the MC group. Serum alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the MC group than in control (P<0.05) but significantly lower (P<0.05) in the MC+OM3 group than in the MC group. Serum total bilirubin was significantly elevated in the MC group compared to that in the control group (P<0.05). The serum concentration of direct bilirubin was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the MC group than in the control group. We conclude that Omega-3 and Quercetin ameliorate haematological and hepatic function impairments in Wistar rats exposed to mosquito coil smoke.
Effect of mangostin on the functional activity and integrity of the Plasmodium falciparum infected and Uninfected red blood cells membrane
Authors: Ibraheem Z. O. , Majid R. A. , Noor S. M. , Farook M. D. , Basir R.
Published: March 2024

Mangostin is a natural xanthanoid obtained from various parts of the mangosteen tree Garcinia mangostana with diverse medicinal effects, such as; antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer and anti- inflammatory. This study aimed at exploring its impact on the integrity, and the physiological function of both Plasmodium falciparum-infected and uninfected red blood cells (RBCs). This was achieved by studying its impact on the RBCs morphology, integrity and osmotic fragility. On the one hand, its effect on the plasmodium-infected cells was achieved by screening its impact on the parasite-induced new permeation pathways (NPPs) and the plasmodial invasiveness to the RBCs and these were related to its growth inhibitory effect against the parasite. On the other hand, its molecular characteristics were determined using the In Silico Molispiration simulation software and its anti-oxidant activity was measured using conventional in vitro tests and the anti-lipid peroxidation assay. The results showed that mangostin had a good growth inhibitory effect against Plasmodium falciparum with a moderate selectivity as compared to its effect against RBCs. Furthermore, it showed a good inhibitory effect against merozoite invasion and the plasmodium-induced new permeation pathway at concentrations less than the cytotoxic dose against RBCs and the parasite. Besides it succeeded in hampering the oxidative stress- induced RBCs damage without affecting the RBC fragility when it was added at low doses. Overall, the results suggest that their anti-plasmodium effect is not related to their impact on the RBCs membrane. Further studies are recommended to explore their precise mechanism of action.
Preliminary assessment of Moringa oleifera seed as a flocculation agent for purification of drinking water
Authors: Irikannu K. C. , Umeh A. C. , Okenu J. K. , Nwagbo C. C. , Nzeukwu C. I. , Chukwubude C. B. , Nwadike C. C. , Aniefuna C. O. , Obiefule I. E. , Nnatuanya I. O.
Published: March 2024

Sachet and borehole water are the major sources of drinking water for many in Nigeria. However, there are still concerns about drinking water purity in Nigeria. This study was conducted to determine the parasites associated with sachet and borehole drinking water and to determine the efficacy of Moringa oleifera seed in the flocculation treatment of sachet and borehole water. A total of 75 sachet water from 15 brands, and 10 different borehole water samples were collected from the study area. Moringa seed was processed and maceration was done to extract the active ingredients. Of the 75 sachet water samples from 15 brands examined, none had any parasites. However, all the brands contained varying degrees of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). Brand N had the highest (147.1mg/L), while Brand G had the least (4.62mg/L). After treatment, the TDS values of all the water samples were reduced by more than 50% in each of the brands. There was no significant association in the particle load among the sachet water brands (P>0.05, P=0.141). All 10 borehole water samples examined also contained varying degrees of TDS. The highest level of TDS in the study (635.4mg/L) and Ova of Ascaris lumbricoides was observed in sample E. After treatment, the TDS values of all the water samples were reduced. Also, ova of A. lumbricoides was no longer observed in the sample E. In this study, M. oleifera seed has demonstrated a high level of efficacy as a flocculation agent for the purification of drinking water. Therefore, we recommend further studies to determine how the seed could be used safely as a household and industrial water flocculant.
L’enquête dans le récit contemporain, une représentation esthétique du labyrinthe
Authors: Laboureyras Emanuelle
Published: March 2024

Investigation in contemporary narrative : an aesthetic representation of the labyrinth

Contemporary narrative features a number of investigative authors who are part of a dynamic of inquiry : investigations in archives, both genealogical and judicial, field research, testimony gathering, trial chronicles. The labyrinth motif not only blurs the lines of enquiry, demonstrating how difficult it is to grasp reality, but also renews the territories of fiction and non-fiction. In this article, we show how contemporary authors engaged in a quest for missing persons or the unveiling of a truth, use the labyrinth motif in their investigative narratives. The labyrinth motif expresses the complexity of the investigations carried out by the authors in their role as investigators. In this way, the labyrinth becomes a metaphor for the authors' creative work, in contact with past and present time.
A PROFISSIONALIZAÇÃO DOCENTE NO PEC/MUNICÍPIOS: REFLEXÃO, EXPERIÊNCIA E MEMÓRIA COMO CATEGORIAS ÚTEIS À FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA
Authors: Souza Vania Gomes de , Melo Nedilson José Gomes de , Guerra Avaetê de Lunetta e Rodrigues
Published: March 2024

A presente pesquisa tem como principal justificativa a necessidade de compreender como a reflexão, a experiência e a memória podem ser categorias úteis para a formação continuada dos professores. A partir dessa perspectiva, busca-se investigar de que forma esses elementos podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento profissional dos docentes, promovendo uma prática pedagógica mais eficaz e significativa. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, etapa fundamental em qualquer trabalho acadêmico, pois permite a coleta de informações relevantes e atualizadas sobre o tema em questão. Conclui-se que os Programas de Educação Continuada (PEC) desempenham um papel fundamental na formação e desenvolvimento profissional, contribuindo para a atualização constante de conhecimentos e habilidades dos profissionais, tornando-os mais competitivos e preparados para enfrentar os desafios do mercado de trabalho em constante evolução. É essencial investir na educação continuada para se manter atualizado e se destacar no mercado de trabalho.
Table Of Contents
Authors: Contents Table Of
Published: March 2024

Table Of Contents
White Minds
Authors: Kinouani Guilaine
Published: March 2024

In this powerful book, Kinouani uniquely examines the psychological and psychic factors involved in the reproduction of 'whiteness' and reveals how these intersect with race dynamics, race inequality and racial violence.
Gangs and Minorities in Singapore
Authors: Ganapathy Narayanan
Published: March 2024

This book is a unique ethnographic study of a racially exclusive Malay Muslim gang, Omega, which has its roots in Singapore's prisons. In demonstrating that gang involvement can be an adaptive strategy for marginalized groups, this book promotes a more inclusive and restorative justice model for people with repeat convictions.
Exploring New Temporal Horizons
Authors: Leccardi Carmen , Jedlowski Paolo , Cavalli Alessandro
Published: March 2024

This pioneering work explores how in our digital age of connectivity, temporal acceleration and real-time simultaneity impact personal and institutional experience. Bringing memory and future studies into a unique dialogue, the book offers an intervention to the current 'temporal crisis' of social life and sociological debates.
Observing Justice
Authors: Townend Judith , Welsh Lucy
Published: March 2024

This book examines how major but often under-scrutinised legal, social, and technological developments have affected the transparency and accountability of the criminal justice process. The book proposes a framework for open justice which prioritises public legal education and justice system accountability.
IMPLIKASI UNDANG UNDANG CIPTA KERJA TENTANG KETENAGAKERJAAN
Authors: Bintoro Daniel Wibisono
Published: March 2024

Tenaga kerja merupakan setiap orang yang mampu melakukan pekerjaan guna menghasilkan barang, produk, serta jasa. Hal ini baik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan diri sendiri maupun masyarakat. Tenaga kerja di Indonesia diatur dalam Undang-Undang tentang Ketenagakerjaan, undang-undang ini mengatur segala hak dan kewajiban tenaga kerja dalam melakukan pekerjaan. Tetapi dengan adanya Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja yang disahkan pada tahun 2020, terdapat beberapa aturan Undang-Undang tentang Ketenagakerjaan yang dirubah.
PERAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PERLINDUNGAN ANAK MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Deshaini Liza
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Perlindungan terhadap anak adalah  segala kegiatan umtuk menjamin dan melindungi anak dan hak-haknya agar dapat hidup, tumbuh, berkembang, dan berpartisipasi, secara op[timal sesuai dengan harkat dan martabat kemanusiaan, serta mendapat perlindungan dari kekerasan dan diskriminasi. Peran masyarakat  dalam  penyelenggaraan perlindungan anak dilakukan dengan cara memberikan   informasi  melalui sosialisasi  dan edukasi  mengenai  hak   anak   dan  peraturan perundang-undangan tentang anak, memberikan  masukan  dalam perumusan kebijakan yang terkait  perlindungan anak, melaporkan kepada pihak berwenang jika terjadi pelanggaran hak anak, berperan aktif dalam proses rehabilitasi dan reintegrasi sosial bagi anak , melakukan pemantauan, pengawasan dan ikut bertanggungjawab terhadap

penyelenggaraan perlindungan anak, menyediakan sarana dan prasaranan serta menciptakan suasana kondusif untuk tumbuh kembang anak,  berperan aktif dengan menghilangkan pelabelan negatif terhadap anak korban, memberikan ruang kepada anak untuk dapat berpartisipasi dan menyampaikan  pendapat dan akibat hukum terhadap pelaku yang memperlakukan anak   secara   diskriminatif  sehingga anak mengalami kerugian   materiil, moril  serta  menghambat fungsi    sosialnya adalah  dipidana dengan pidana  penjara  paling  lama  5 (lima) tahun  dan/atau denda paling banyak Rp 100.000.000,00 (seratus juta rupiah).

Kata Kunci : Masyarakat, Peran, Perlindungan Anak

 

Abstract

Protection of children is all activities to guarantee and protect children and their rights so that they can live, grow, develop, and participate optimally in accordance with human dignity and protection from violence and discrimination. The role of the community in the implementation of child protection is carried out by providing information through socialization and education regarding children's rights and laws and regulations regarding children, providing input in the formulation of policies related to child protection, reporting to the authorities in case of violations of children's rights, taking an active role in the process. rehabilitation and social reintegration for children, monitoring, supervising and taking responsibility for implementation of child protection, providing facilities and infrastructure as well as creating a conducive atmosphere for children's growth and development, playing an active role by eliminating negative labeling of child victims, providing space for children to be able to participate and express opinions and legal consequences against perpetrators who treat children discriminatory so that children experience material, moral and social losses are punishable by a maximum imprisonment of 5 (five) years and/or a maximum fine of Rp. 100,000,000.00 (one hundred million rupiah).
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU EKSPLOITASI ANAK SEBAGAI GELANDANGAN DAN PENGEMIS DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Yonani Yonani
Published: March 2024

Eksploitasi anak merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh seseorang untuk mendapat keuntungan dengan mempekerjakan anak untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang dimuat di dalam Undang-Undang No. 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak. Permasalahan yang penulis teliti adalah “bagaimana penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku eksploitasi anak sebagai gelandangan dan pengemis dikota palembang serta bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap anak korban eksploitasi” Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profile peraturan hukum tentang tindak pidana terhadap pelaku yang mengeksploitasi anak, untuk mengetahui macam-macam tindak pidana eksploitasi anak, untuk mengetahui penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku yang melakukan tindak pidana eksploitasi terhadap anak, untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum terhadap anak korban eksploitasi, serta mengetahui kendala-kendala penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku yang melakukan tindak pidana eksploitasi anak. Metode pendekatan yang penulis pakai adalah pendekatan yuridis empiris. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan jenis penelitian empiris. Lokasi penelitian di Wilayah Hukum Polresta Palembang di Unit PPA (Perlindungan Perempuan dan Anak) Menggunakan sumber data primer dan data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan dengan cara wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa macam-macam tindak pidana eksploitasi anak di Kota Palembang secara garis besar dapat digolongkan sebagai tindak eksploitasi ekonomi. Kendala-kendala penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana eksploitasi anak dipengaruhi oleh faktor kendala yang berasal dari pihak pelaku, pihak korban, dan pihak aparat penegak hukum. Penegakan hukum dalam kasus tindak eksploitasi anak akan dilakukan secara tegas kepada pelaku dalam kasus eksploitasi secara ekonomi
Quality of Life among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using the Modified Diabetes Quality of Life (MDQOL-17): An Observational Study
Authors: Singh Dr. Simran , Mishra Dr. Simran , Rai Dr. Sana , Ganvir Dr. Suvarna
Published: March 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder that requires constant management. To achieve good metabolic control and avoid acute and chronic complications, the patient must follow a diet plan, up their physical activity, and take medication. A growing amount of research on the impact of diabetes on health-related quality of life. Patient health, complications, and attitude all have an effect on health-related quality life of either directly or indirectly. Aim: To find out which aspects of life are commonly affected among patients with Diabetes using MDQoL-17 scale. Methodology: 100 patients with Diabetes Mellitus type II participated in the study. Patients with associated comorbid conditions were excluded. MDQoL-17 Scale was then administered on the patients. The entire inquiry was delivered in a language that the patient could understand, and   their responses were recorded on the scale. Each domain's percentage of the overall score was computed. Results: According to the answer to the affirmative question number 4, which indicates daily activity, more patients in this study engaged in daily activities that improved their quality of life (75%) than did not. According to the results of negative question 16 (which implies financial stress), (56%) of the patients had this problem, making it difficult for them to receive the appropriate care. Conclusion: Study concludes that specific aspects of QOL that has been found affected than other after diabetes are Physical, Role Physical, Role Emotional, Social and General Health. Resolution of the factors associated with these aspects will help to improve the quality of life in these patients
Effect of Musculoskeletal Disorders on ADLs of Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Akare Sakshi Chandrakant , Rai Dr. Sana , Ganvir Dr. Suvarna
Published: March 2024

Background: An increased prevalence of musculoskeletal disease is recognised in diabetes and is a common source of disability. It is known to predominantly affect the upper limbs especially the hand and shoulder. The relationship with other complications of diabetes and glycaemic control is uncertain. Physical disability is a useful measure of the overall effect of diabetes on health. Disability can be defined in several ways, including difficulties with activities of daily living (ADL), difficulties with instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and mobility limitations. Therefore, in this study, the effect of musculoskeletal disorder on patients with diabetes was investigated. Objective: To evaluate the effect of musculoskeletal disorders on ADLs of patients with diabetes. Method: After getting the ethical approval from the institutional ethical committee, subjects were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects willing to participate in the study were enrolled and a written informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Demographics of the patients were noted in the data collection sheet. ADLs, IADLs and Nordic scale were taken on patients. Result: Mostly involved joint is shoulder joint and knee joint and due to this patient face difficulty in their ADLs like overhead activities (dressing and bathing) and toileting. Conclusion: The risk of musculoskeletal disorders is more in diabetic patients due to poor glycemic control and according to the involved joint they face difficulty in their activities of daily living.
“Çorum” Adının Tarihsel Gelişimi ve Kökeni Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Çubukçu Tamer Ünal
Published: March 2024

Yer adlarının ortaya çıkışını, tarihsel süreçteki gelişimini araştıran, onları anlam ve köken bakımından açıklamaya çalışan bilim dalına “toponimi” denir. Toponimi çalışmaları bir ülkenin, bir şehrin tarihî coğrafyasını aydınlatmak amacıyla yapılmaktadır. Ülkemizde daha çok 1970-80’li yıllarda yapılan bu tür çalışmalara günümüzde yeterince ilgi gösterilmemesi, Anadolu’da birçok yer adının kökeni hakkındaki soruları cevapsız bırakmıştır. Nitekim bu ilgisizlik, birçok uygarlığa ev sahipliği yapmasına rağmen Çorum ili ve yöresinde görülen yer adlarının kökeni ile ilgili ciddi tartışmaların yaşanmasına da sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışma “Çorum” adının kökeni hakkında ileri sürülen rivayetler ve geçmişte kullanıldığı iddia edilen şehrin diğer adları hakkında bilgi vermek, tarihsel kökenini açıklamak ve birtakım tespitlerde bulunmak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.
Security and political relations between Russia and Afghanistan (with threats and challenges)
Authors: YAWAR Mohammad Ekram
Published: March 2024

The relationship between Afghanistan and Russia has seen many ups and downs. Seizing control from the Taliban in Afghanistan is viewed as the initiation of a renewed era in Russian-Afghan relations following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Although the Russians have no desire to get involved in the issue of Afghanistan, but the expansion of the Taliban's influence in this country and the establishment of a relationship between this group and the Islamists of Central Asia and the North Caucasus, they have to pay for it. With the incident of September 11, 2001, Russia tried to improve its international status by asking for an opportunity and announcing its readiness to fight terrorism together with America. Regardless of the results of this effort, the Russians could not gain much status and benefits in Afghanistan. This article seeks to answer the question of what place Afghanistan has in the security policy of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the hypothesis was proposed that Afghanistan is very significant for the Russian Federation from a security point of view, because the threats arising from it have threatened Russia's security and interests in various dimensions. This article is done with an explanatory approach to examine and study the topic of the article, and the required data has been collected from library, electronic and interview sources.
Küreselleşme ve İslam Uygarlığı (Bazı Düşünceler)
Authors: MUSTAFAZADE Tofig
Published: March 2024

Günümüzde küreselleşme insan hayatının bütün yönlerini kapsayan niteliktedir. Dolayısıyla bu küreselleşme süreci toplumları da çok yönlü olarak etkileyen bir şekile bürünmüştür. Doğu ve batı ülkelerini bu süreçte karşı karşıya getiren bu küreselleşme süreci bazı zıtlıklar da yaşanmasına neden olmaktadır. Müslüman ülkeler ve doğu toplumlarını çeşitli argümanlarıyla karşılaştıran yazarlar ise konuya farklı yaklaşımlar sergilemektedir. Bu bağlamda 90’lı yıllara damgasını vuran Medeniyetler Çatışması tezi konuyu bir kez daha gözler önüne sermektedir. Konuyu ana hatlarıyla ele alarak bir fikir ortaya koymayı amaçlayan bu kısa çalışma literatür kaynakları esas alınarak yazılmış ve yorumlanmıştır.
Xəzər Dənizinin Adı Qədim və Orta Əsr Mənbələrində
Authors: AĞASİYEV İkram
Published: March 2024

Məqalə Xəzər dənizinin tarixi adlarının araşdırılmasına həsr olunmuşdur. Müəllif qeyd edir ki, Xəzər dənizi haqqında ilkin məlumatlar eramızdan əvvəl IX əsr Assuriya mənbələrinə aiddir. Qədim assuriyalılar bu dənizi “Gündoğan dəniz” adlandırmışlar. E. ə. V əsrdə yunan müəllifləri Hekatey Miletli və Herodot bu dənizi Kaspi və Hirkan dənizi adlandırmışlar. Min ildən artıq dövrdə bu iki ad ən işlək adlar olmuşdur. VI əsrdən başlayaraq dənizin şimal-qərb sahillərində Xəzər türk tayfaları məskunlaşmışlar və 969-cu ilədək burada Xəzər xaqanlığı mövcud olmuşdur. O dövrdən başlayaraq, Şərq ölkələrində və bir sıra Avropa ölkələrində dəniz Xəzər dənizi adlandırılmışdır. Ümumən, tarixi mənbələrdə Xəzərin 70-ə qədər tarixi adı çəkilir. Bu adlar içərisində türksoylu tayfaların və dövlətlərin adları ilə bağlı toponimlər üstünlük təşkil edir. Bu gün dünyada rəsmi olaraq, əsasən Xəzər və Kaspi adlarından istifadə edilir.
II. Katerina nın Güney Kafkasya da Ermeni Devleti Kurma Politikası (Rusya Arşiv Kaynakları Işığında)
Authors: Najafli Guntekin
Published: March 2024

Hindistan ve Yakın Doğu’yu işgal etmek arzusunda olan Çarlık Rusyası, Osmanlı, İran ve Azerbaycan sınır kavşağında tampon bir Ermeni Devleti kurmayı ve buradan askerî üs olarak istifade edebilmeyi amaçlamıştır. I. Petro (1682-1725) devrinden itibaren başlayan bu siyaset XVIII. asrın ikinci yarısında, Çariçe II. Katerina’nın hâkimiyeti döneminde (1762-1796) daha da etkili bir şekilde takip edilmeye başlanmıştır.1779 yılının sonlarında II. Katerina’nın sarayında Rus kuvvetlerinin Güney Kafkasya askerî harekât planı kabul edilmiştir. 1783 yılında Rusya devlet adamları ile Rusya Ermeni başpiskoposu Argutinski arasında, Osmanlı Devleti ile İran sınırlarının kesiştiği topraklarda Ermeni Devleti kurmak için görüşmeler yapılmış ve Ermeni-Rus antlaşması layihası hazırlanmıştır. Rusya yöneticileri bu amaç doğrultusunda1784 yılı başlarında Merkezi İran’ı ele geçiren Ali Murad Han ile ittifak yapmışlardır. Bu ittifak kapsamında hem Azerbaycan ve hem de Osmanlı Devleti’nin Doğu Anadolu topraklarını kendi aralarında paylaşarak, bu bölgede bir Ermeni Devleti kurmayı planlamışlardır.1787’de Burnoşov’un komuta ettiği Rus ve Gürcü kuvvetleri ile Karabağ’ın Hıristiyan Meliklerinin kuvvetleri birleşerek Karabağ Hanlığı’na karşı haçlı yürüyüşüne başlasalar da bu yürüyüş başarılı olamamıştır. Ancak daha sonraki yıllarda ve diğer Rus yöneticileri döneminde bu planın gerçekleşmesinden asla vazgeçilmemiştir.
Hurri-Urartu Bağlantısı Üzerine Bazı Düşünceler
Authors: Memiş Ekrem
Published: March 2024

Bilindiği üzere, dünyanın en eski medeniyetleri, tarihçilerin “Eski Yakın Doğu” adını verdikleri coğrafyada kurulmuştur. Mezopotamya, Mısır, Anadolu, İran ve Suriye topraklarında ortaya çıkan ilk devletler ve imparatorluklar, o günün dünyasını şekillendirmişlerdir. Bu cümleden olmak üzere, M.Ö. 3. Binyıldan itibaren Anadolu ile Mezopotamya arasında siyasi ve ticari bağlar kurulmuştur. M.Ö 3. Binyıl Anadolu’sunun önde gelen kavimlerinden biri olduğu anlaşılan Hurriler, M.Ö. 2. Binyıl Anadolu’sunda da önemli roller üstlenmişlerdir. M.Ö 16. yüzyıl ortalarında kurulan Hurri-Mitanni Krallığı’nın alt yapısını oluşturan Hurriler, Ege Göçleri’nden sonra Doğu Anadolu’da Nairi ve Uruatri konfederasyonlarının çatısı altında örgütlenmişler ve M.Ö. 9. yüzyıl ortalarında da Urartu Krallığı adıyla tarih sahnesindeki yerlerini almışlardır. M.Ö. 1. Binyıl Yakın Doğu dünyasının süper gücü konumundaki Asur İmparatorluğu’na karşı çetin mücadeleler veren Urartular, aslında Hurriler’in torunlarıdır. Hurriler’in dili ile Urartular’ın dili, tıpkı Türkçe gibi Asyenik dillerden olup, Ural-Altay dil grubuna mensupturlar. Demek oluyor ki, Hurriler Anadolu’da yaşayan en eski Proto Türk kavimleri arasında yer almaktadırlar. Anadolu da en eski Türk yurtlarından biridir.
Cooling System and Temperature Control of an Enclosure using Peltier Modules
Authors:   Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Inginerie Electrică (INCDIE) ICPE-CA, Splaiul Unirii, nr. 313, Sector 3, 030138 Bucharest, Romania, DUMITRU George , DOBRIN Ion ,   Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Inginerie Electrică (INCDIE) ICPE-CA, Splaiul Unirii, nr. 313, Sector 3, 030138 Bucharest, Romania, ENACHE Dan ,   Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Inginerie Electrică (INCDIE) ICPE-CA, Splaiul Unirii, nr. 313, Sector 3, 030138 Bucharest, Romania, GUTU Mihai ,   Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Inginerie Electrică (INCDIE) ICPE-CA, Splaiul Unirii, nr. 313, Sector 3, 030138 Bucharest, Romania, DUMITRU Constantin ,   Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Inginerie Electrică (INCDIE) ICPE-CA, Splaiul Unirii, nr. 313, Sector 3, 030138 Bucharest, Romania
Published: March 2024

Reaching of negative temperatures for various applications such as food industry, medicine or experimental physics implies the use of cryogenic fluids (especially liquid nitrogen) or refrigeration heat pumps. The technological progress in materials science in the last years allowed the development of other methods to obtain low temperatures needed for such applications, by means of using the Peltier effect. The Peltier modules were developed and perfected in last decades, in order to allow temperature differences of 20 ºC to 85 ºC between the two faces of one module when one side is kept at room temperature, and an electric current is supplied. Thus, the possibility of developing devices which allow obtaining and controlling temperatures up to -50 ºC were opened, eliminating all the difficulties related to the use of cryogenic agents, which imply the need of Dewar storage vessels, cryogenic transfer lines and controlling of cryogenic liquid such as liquid helium or liquid nitrogen (with boiling temperature of -196 ºC, at atmospheric pressure) or refrigeration systems. In this work are presented the design, execution and testing results of a thermally controlled enclosure aimed for the calibration of temperature sensors, in the range of -50 to +20 ºC, using Peltier modules. Despite the high electric power consumption of the Peltier modules needed to cool down the enclosure due to the low COP (coefficient of performance) compared to the conventional refrigeration systems, this approach in obtaining negative temperatures presents important advantages such as the lack of maintenance, low volume, simplicity of temperature control and high temperature stability (0.1 ºC).
Formulasi Sediaan Sabun Mandi Padat dengan Zat Aktif Sari Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereuspolyrhizus) Asal Kabupaten Sidrap
Authors: Wulandari Nurastuti , Bunyanis Fitriana , Umrina Bulqisyah
Published: March 2024

This study aims to make a solid bath soap formulation with theactive substance of (Hycolereuspolyrhizus) origin of sidrap district. There are 3 concentration susedin this study, namely concentrationsof 10%, 15% and 20%. The result of this research is that in making soap with the additionof (Hycolereuspolyrhizus), it can produce soap that is solid and hard and doesnotsoftenata temperatureof 15-300C, using 3 concentrations, namely 10%, 15%, and 20%. The best formulais the formulation with a concentration of 15% and 20% which produces a yellowish and does nothavea strong odor.This happens because concentration sof 15% and 20% have more (Hycolereuspolyrhizus) so that the soap base is reduced.
Enterobacteriaceae dan Personel Hygiene Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Diare Anak 5 Tahun di Kecamatan Ratu Samban Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Halimatussa'diah Halimatussa'diah , Ervan Ervan , Riyadi Agung
Published: March 2024

Diarrheal disease is one of the environment-based diseases and is closely related to personal hygiene conditions and the presence of Enterobacteriaceae in food. Diarrheal diseases can also spread from person to person, exacerbated by poor personal hygiene. Food is another major cause of diarrhea when prepared or stored in unhygienic conditions. Unsafe storage and handling of household water is also an important risk factor. Personal habits that do not want to wash hands with soap before carrying out their activities, as well as other behaviors that do not reflect a healthy lifestyle can cause diarrhea. This study aims to determine the relationship between enterobacteriaceae in food and maternal personal hygiene with the incidence of diarrhea in children less than 5 years old in Ratu Samban District, Bengkulu City. This research is an analytic survey research with a cross-sectional approach. From the research data, statistical test results were obtained with chi square, there was no significant relationship between Enterobacteraiceae in food and maternal hygiene personnel with the incidence of diarrhea in children less than 5 years old in Ratu Samban District, Bengkulu City in 2022 where the p value > from 0.05.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi tentang Pernikahan Dini Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja
Authors: Aprianti Nurannisa Fitria , Yusuf Nurlathifah N. , Faizaturrahmi Eka
Published: March 2024

Background : In Indonesia, there are more than one million women aged 20-24 whose first marriage occurred at the age of less than 18 years (1.2 million people). Early marriage is carried out by someone who is under the age of 19 and is not ready in various aspects of marriage. This is likely to have an impact on reproductive health for both men and women.

Objective : to determine the effect of reproductive health education on early marriage on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents in the working area of ​​the twin bridge health center in 2022. Methods : Pre Experimental research design with one group pretest-Posttest study in March-July 2022. The population in this study was male and female youth. The number of samples in this study were 30 respondents. The sampling technique uses stratified random sampling. The instrument in this study used a questionnaire. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon statistical test. Result: there is an effect of reproductive health education about early marriage on knowledge p 0.00 < α 0.05 and attitude .00 < α 0.05 adolescents in the working area of ​​the twin bridge health center. Conclucion : Reproductive health education about early marriage in adolescents influences the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents
Pengalaman Baby blues Syndrome Pada Ibu Postpartum di Kabupaten Merauke
Authors: Laitupa Sitti Asma Kurniyati , Purwanti Endah , Hidayati Laili Nur
Published: March 2024

Background Postpartum blues, or better known as baby blues," is a mild mood disorder that is often experienced by mothers in the first week after giving birth and peaks on the third to fifth day. This can be triggered by a mother's feeling that she is not ready for the birth of a baby or by an awareness of the responsibilities of being a mother. Baby blues in Indonesia are experienced by many postpartum mothers, especially at-risk and primiparous mothers. Lack of public awareness regarding baby blues results in a lack of support given to mothers, making them feel neglected and alone. If the baby blues are not handled properly, they can progress to postpartum depression and postpartum psychosis. The purpose of this research is to find out the feelings of mothers who experience baby blues and their efforts to overcome them. This research method uses qualitative methods through a phenomenological approach. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique, followed by interviews with willing mothers. The results of this study found four themes: the feelings of mothers when experiencing baby blues; causal factors; efforts made by mothers; and expectations of mothers who experience baby blues. In conclusion, every postpartum mother is at risk of experiencing baby blues, and the best effort that can be made is to provide social support such as informational, emotional, instrumental, and assessment support.
Formulasi dan Uji Sifat Fisik Sediaan Krim dari Ekstrak Watermelon Rind ((Citrullus lanatus).(Thunb)).
Authors: Yan Anisabeth , Novrianti Irma , Mustamin Faizal
Published: March 2024

Indonesia has a tropical climate which makes the body produce excess oil. This triggers the occurrence of acne, because it can clog skin pores and cause the formation of bacterial colonies. Watermelon is a fruit that has many health benefits. Generally, people consume the contents and throw away the white flesh and skin (watermelon rind), even though this part has good benefits for the skin because it contains several biochemical compounds that act as antibacterial. One of the preparations used for skin problems is cream. This study aims to produce a formula for the preparation of watermelon rind extract cream that complies with pharmaceutical requirements and is stable in storage. Watermelon rind cream preparation is made with a concentration of watermelon rind extract, namely FI 7.5%; FII 12.5%, and FIII 20%. Finished preparations were tested for physical stability which included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, irritation tests, cream type tests, spreadability and stability tests. The watermelon rind extract cream obtained is green in color, has a distinctive smell of extract and rose oil, is homogeneous, and is of the M/A type. The pH of the watermelon rind extract cream is in a range that is still acceptable to the skin and has good spreadability and does not cause irritation to the skin. During the storage period, the watermelon rind extract cream did not experience physical changes and homogeneity, and did not experience a significant decrease in pH and spreadability with a p-value > 0.05. This shows that the preparation of watermelon rind extract cream meets pharmaceutical requirements and is stable during storage.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Gel Pelembap Ekstrak Mesokarp Semangka [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] sebagai Antioksidan
Authors: Okzelia Sari Defi , Mardiyyah Waffiyyatul
Published: March 2024

Dry skin is the most common skin problem, so moisturizers are used to prevent it. White skin (mesocarp) of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] (MW) has the potential to be formulated into a moisturizing gel preparation since it contains vitamins and citrulline which also possess antioxidant activity. This study aimed to formulate a moisturizing gel preparation from MW extract as an antioxidant. MW was extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol and formulated into moisturizing gel preparation at concentrations of 5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 15% (F3). Gel preparations were evaluated physically, and determined their moisture content and antioxidant activity. MW extract was a brown color with 25.02% yield. The evaluation results showed that all formulations met the standard parameters of good gel preparations including organoleptic, homogeneity, spread-ability, adhesion, pH, and viscosity, and did not irritate the skin. The skin moisture after application of F1, F2, and F3 respectively were 29.49%; 36.63%; and 43.48%. IC50 values for F1, F2, and F3 respectively were 156.42; 149.24, and 138.05 µg/mL. The moisturizing gel preparation from MW extract met all the standard parameters of good gel preparation, could increase the percentage of skin moisture, and had moderate antioxidant activity.
Persepsi Kepuasan Pasien BPJS Kesehatan dan Dimensi Kualitas Pelayanan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah
Authors: Amalia Momen , Tulit Christa Bernadeth Ina , Nursapriani Nursapriani
Published: March 2024

Health service satisfaction is determined by the perception or performance of services in meeting patient  expectations. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of BPJS Kesehatan patients perception on patient satisfaction based on the dimensions of service quality at Labuang Baji Hospital. This research uses quantitative methods with a Cross Sectional Study design. The sample of this study was BPJS Health Patients at Labuang Baji Hospital totaling 87 respondents. Data analysis using Chi-Square test. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence between BPJS Health patient perceptions of patient satisfaction based on the responsiveness dimension with p value 0.001< 0.05, reliability p value 0.002 < 0.05, assurance p value 0.008 < 0.05, empathy p value 0.002 < 0.05. On the tangible dimension thereis no significant effect on patient satisfaction with a p value of 0.064 > 0.05. The variable that has the greatest influence on patient satisfaction is the responsiveness dimension with a p value (sig) of 0.001 < 0.05. The results of this study are the dimensions of responsiveness, reliability, assurance, empathy are variable that have an influence on patient satisfaction while tangible have no effect on patient satisfaction at Labuang Baji Hospital. It is suggested to the RSUD Labuang Baji to improve the quality of service and get a good perception from the patient.
Gambaran Kejadian dan Manajemen Penatalaksanaan Dismenorea Primer Pada Mahasiswa Coas Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi
Authors: Dewi Ayu Rosita , Frafitasari Dika Yanuar , Sari Pety Merita
Published: March 2024

Dysmenorrhea is pain that occurs before or during the menstrual cycle and is a gynecological problem in most adolescents. Dysmenorrhea is characterized by pain or cramps in the lower abdomen, the back, and the legs. To overcome the symptoms of dysmenorrhea, one can do so pharmacologically, non-pharmacologically, or in combination. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea and its management in students of the Faculty of Dentistry at the Bhakti Wiyata Institute of Health Sciences. This type of research is called descriptive research. Sampling technique using total sampling The population used in this study was new students in the odd semester 2022–2023 of the dental professional education program, with as many as 45 respondents. Methods of data collection using a questionnaire The results of this study described female students experiencing dysmenorrhea with mild pain intensity in 14 respondents (31%), moderate pain in 19 respondents (42%), and severe pain in 12 respondents (27%). Management of dysmenorrhea included 31 non-pharmacological respondents (69%), 4 pharmacological respondents (9%), and 10 respondents (22%), who used a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. From the results of this study, researchers suggest female students who experience dysmenorrhea with moderate to severe pain levels see a doctor or health service and increase attention to reproductive health problems by seeking many sources of information related to the management of dysmenorrhea.
Identification of Avian Influenza with the Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT‒PCR) Method
Authors: Widyantari Anak Agung Ayu Sauca Sunia , Kurniawan Fauzi Rahmat
Published: March 2024

Avian influenza is a zoonotic disease transmitted from poultry to humans. The prevalence of AI disease in Indonesia is likely to be a global health threat because of the ease of mutation in each generation, which makes pathogenicity higher. However, detection efforts still use conventional methods, so a more sophisticated detection search is needed. This research aims to identify the DNA amplification process and the results of detecting avian influenza virus using real-time PCR. Qualitative research using samples from BBVet Denpasar in May 2022. The samples were analyzed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT‒PCR) method, and the results obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results show that the RT‒PCR method is very effective for detecting the presence of AI quantitatively and molecularly. A graph that crosses the threshold on cycles lower than 40 indicates that a positive sample will show nominal Ct. No nominal Ct was detected in this study, and the graph did not cross the threshold, so the model tested negative for the AI virus. The DNA amplification process of the avian influenza virus begins with an amplification process of 40 cycles, with each cycle stage in the form of denaturation at 94 °C for 30 seconds, annealing at 64 °C for 60 seconds, and DNA synthesis at 76 °C for 30 seconds. One cycle is declared if the amplification process has passed these three stages.
Pengetahuan Remaja dan Peran Teman Sebaya dengan Pencegahan Infeksi Menular Seksual
Authors: Massa Kartini , Ali Stendy
Published: March 2024

Lack of adolescent knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases and their dangers, especially to health and the role of peers, which contributes badly to the increase in sexually transmitted diseases, especially among adolescents. This study aims to determine the relationship between adolescent knowledge and the role of peers with the prevention of sexually transmitted infections at SMA Negeri 1 Tomohon. The research design uses an analytic survey with a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique with probability sampling is simple random sampling on a sample of 92 teenagers. Data analysis used the Chi Square statistical test. The results showed that most adolescent knowledge was in the good knowledge category with a percentage of 57.6%, the role of peers was mostly in the good role category with a percentage of 63% and the prevention of sexually transmitted infections was mostly in the good prevention category with a percentage of 52.2 %. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between adolescent knowledge and the prevention of sexually transmitted infections at SMA Negeri 1 Tomohon. There is a relationship between the role of peers and the prevention of sexually transmitted infections at SMA Negeri 1 Tomohon. It is recommended to increase the role of counseling guidance through health education to add insight into knowledge so as to change the behavior of adolescents in preventing sexually transmitted infections and for adolescents to seek information about infectious diseases from various information media sources, to be active in various positive activities such as extracurricular activities held at school or other activities. other social activities and hang out with friends who have good behavior.
Analisis Kuantitatif Hidrokuinon pada Krim Pemutih di Kota X Menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV–Vis
Authors: Istiqomah Maria , Widara Ratih Tyas , Permata Agung , Anjani Marshela
Published: March 2024

Whitening cream is a cosmetic product containing organic chemicals or other substances which are used to whiten the face or remove black spots on the skin. Whitening cream has many benefits for sufferers of skin disorders, namely being able to whiten and remove black marks. Meanwhile, the concept of beauty circulating in society is having white skin. This stigma makes people, especially teenagers, justify any means to get white skin. One way to beautify your skin is to use skin whitening and lightening products. The aim of this research was to determine hydroquinone levels in whitening cream in X City using UV–vis spectrophotometry. The method used in this research is quantitative using the UV–vis spectrophotometric method. The research results showed that all of the 15 samples tested were positive for containing hydroquinone with the highest percentage of hydroquinone found in S1, S5, and S10 with a percentage of 0.0581%; 0.062%; and 0.0501%. Meanwhile, samples with low percentages were in S4, S6, S7, and S12 with a percentage gain of 0.011%; 0.0134; 0.0103%; and 0.0105%. It can be concluded that the hydroquinone levels of the 15 whitening cream samples do not meet the requirements permitted by BPOM No. 23 of 2019, namely 0%.