bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The value of the GP’s clinical judgement in predicting dementia: a multicentre prospective cohort study among patients in general practice
Authors: Pentzek Michael , Wagner Michael , Abholz Heinz-Harald , Bickel Horst , Kaduszkiewicz Hanna , Wiese Birgitt , Weyerer Siegfried , König Hans-Helmut , Scherer Martin , Riedel-Heller Steffi G , Maier Wolfgang , Koppara Alexander ,   for the AgeCoDe Study Group
Published: October 2019

Background

Clinical judgement is intrinsic to diagnostic strategies in general practice; however, empirical evidence for its validity is sparse.

Aim

To ascertain whether a GP’s global clinical judgement of future cognitive status has an added value for predicting a patient’s likelihood of experiencing dementia.

Design and setting

Multicentre prospective cohort study among patients in German general practice that took place from January 2003 to October 2016.

Method

Patients without baseline dementia were assessed with neuropsychological interviews over 12 years; 138 GPs rated the future cognitive decline of their participating patients. Associations of baseline predictors with follow-up incident dementia were analysed with mixed-effects logistic and Cox regression.

Results

A total of 3201 patients were analysed over the study period (mean age = 79.6 years, 65.3% females, 6.7% incident dementia in 3 years, 22.1% incident dementia in 12 years). Descriptive analyses and comparison with other cohorts identified the participants as having frequent and long-lasting doctor–patient relationships and being well known to their GPs. The GP baseline rating of future cognitive decline had significant value for 3-year dementia prediction, independent of cognitive test scores and patient’s memory complaints (GP ratings of very mild (odds ratio [OR] 1.97, 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] = 1.28 to 3.04); mild (OR 3.00, 95% CI = 1.90 to 4.76); and moderate/severe decline (OR 5.66, 95% CI = 3.29 to 9.73)). GPs’ baseline judgements were significantly associated with patients’ 12-year dementia-free survival rates (Mantel–Cox log rank testP<0.001).

Conclusion

In this sample of patients in familiar doctor–patient relationships, the GP’s clinical judgement holds additional value for predicting dementia, complementing test performance and patients’ self-reports. Existing and emerging primary care-based dementia risk models should consider the GP’s judgement as one predictor. Results underline the importance of the GP-patient relationship.
Acceptability of a primary care-based opioid and pain review service: a mixed-methods evaluation in England
Authors: Kesten Joanna M , Thomas Kyla , Scott Lauren J , Bache Kevin , Hickman Matthew , Campbell Rona , Pickering Anthony E , Redwood Sabi
Published: October 2019

Background

Primary care opioid prescribing to treat chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) has progressively increased despite a lack of evidence for long-term safety and effectiveness. Developing primary care interventions to reduce opioid dependence in patients with CNCP is a public health priority.

Aim

To report the acceptability of the South Gloucestershire pain and opioid review service for patients with CNCP, which aimed to help patients understand their relationship with prescribed opioids and support non-drug-based pain management strategies.

Design and setting

A mixed-methods evaluation was performed on the service, which was based in two GP practices in South Gloucestershire, England, and delivered by project workers.

Method

Descriptive data were collected on delivered-within-service and community-based interventions. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews (n= 18 patients,n= 7 service providers) explored experiences of the service.

Results

The enrolment process, person-centred primary care-based delivery, and service content focused on psychological issues underlying CNCP were found to be acceptable to patients and service providers. Patients welcomed having time to discuss their pain, its management, and related psychological issues. Maintaining a long-term approach was desired as CNCP is a complex issue that takes time to address. GPs recommended that funding was needed to ensure they have dedicated time to support a similar service and to ensure that project workers received adequate clinical supervision.

Conclusion

This service model was acceptable and may be a useful means to manage patients with CNCP who develop opioid dependence after long-term use of opioids. A randomised controlled trial is needed to formally test the effectiveness of the service.
Reflexões sobre a recepção da medicina na obra de Plínio o velho
Authors: Vieira Ana Thereza
Published: October 2019

Os romanos, desde suas origens possuíam subsídios de uma medicina doméstica. A medicina, no entanto, se desenvolvera há muito como ciência na Grécia – segundo Canali (2001), podemos estabelecer o “nascimento da ciência” no século VI a.C. – e, quando esta chegou a Roma, se deparou com certa resistência para se estabelecer. Pretendemos mostrar como se deu essa recepção ao longo dos tempos em Roma e como esta foi se aliando a antigos tratamentos mais domésticos. Utilizaremos para tanto a História natural, de Plínio e os estudos de Doody (2011), Miglionni (1997) e Van der Eijk (1999), que aprofundam as relações de Plínio com a medicina.
A Ars Grammatica de Terenciano Mauro
Authors: Maia Pereira de Jesus Isabela
Published: October 2019

Este artigo apresenta um breve comentário sobre a arte gramatical intitulada Terentianus de littera, de syllaba, de pedibus, do autor latino Terenciano Mauro.  Observa-se que o gramático confere especial atenção formal à construção de seu texto, uma vez que o produziu forma metrificada, variando o uso dos metros. À luz dos estudos de John Langshaw Austin (1990) a respeito do conceito de performatividade, neste trabalho serão discutidas as principais características do tratado, demonstrando, por meio de exemplos, as particularidades da obra de Terenciano Mauro.
Dáfnis e Cloé, de Longo de Lesbos - Livro Primeiro - Tradução
Authors: Mangia Silva Luiz Carlos Andre
Published: October 2019

Trata-se de tradução feita diretamente do grego do Livro Primeiro do romance Dáfnis e Cloé, também conhecido como As pastorais, obra de Longo de Lesbos (II d.C.)
La situation démographique en 1963
Authors: Hémery Solange , Piro Christian
Published: October 2019

Les statistiques démographiques du mouvement naturel de la population sont dressées à partir des bulletins statistiques de l'état civil, établis par les maires lors de la rédaction des actes de l'état civil.

Ces bulletins sont adressés trimestriellement aux Directions régionales de l'I.N.S.E.E. qui, en premier lieu, les comptent par catégorie. Dès que sont ainsi connus les nombres totaux provisoires de mariages, de divorces, d'enfants nés vivants, de mort-nés, de décédés, de décédés de moins d'un an, ces résultats sont publiés au Bulletin mensuel de Statistique. De cette manière, on connaît trois mois après la fin de l'année les résultats démographiques globaux de cette année.

Les bulletins sont ensuite exploités par voie mécanographique, de façon à établir les statistiques définitives détaillées qui permettent seules d'analyser complètement l'évolution démographique. Cette exploitation est conduite en deux phases : une exploitation préliminaire fournit les tableaux essentiels qui permettent de juger la situation démographique, ainsi que de tenir à jour la comptabilité démographique et d'évaluer la population moyenne, par sexe, année de naissance et état matrimonial, utilisée pour le calcul des taux démographiques ; en une deuxième phase, on termine l'exploitation complète de la cartothèque, qui fournit des renseignements plus détaillés nécessaires à l'étude de certains problèmes particuliers.

L'ensemble de ces statistiques fait l'objet d'une publication intitulée : Statistique du Mouvement de la Population.

Le présent compte rendu analyse les résultats de l'exploitation préliminaire de l'année 1963.
Les comptes de l'agriculture en 1965
Authors: Achach
Published: October 2019

Le rapport soumis à la Commission des Comptes de l'Agriculture de la Nation traite principalement des deux points suivants :

— L'augmentation du revenu de l'agriculture entre 1964 et 1965.

— Son évolution depuis 1959 comparée à celle des revenus des entrepreneurs individuels

non agricoles et des salaires.

Au cours de la discussion, les représentants des organisations professionnelles agricoles ont fait connaître que leurs études les conduisaient à estimer que la croissance du revenu de l'agriculture pendant l'année 1965 était inférieure à celle qui est inscrite dans le rapport de l'I.N.S.E.E.
Les coûts de main-d'œuvre dans les industries des pays du marché commun
Authors: Devaux Andrée
Published: October 2019

En 1962 et en 1963, la C.E.E. a procédé à de nouvelles enquêtes sur les coûts de main-d'œuvre dans les industries qui avaient fait l'objet de ses deux premières investigations en 19S9 et en 1960.

En ce qui concerne les ouvriers, ces deux enquêtes ont fait ressortir que les coûts salariaux horaires étaient, en Allemagne, nettement plus élevés qu'en France dans 14 industries sur 25 et d'un ordre voisin (écarts inférieurs à 10 %) dans onze industries, tandis que, dans les deux pays du Bénélux et en Italie, les coûts étaient le plus souvent assez proches des coûts français. Par contre, les coûts mensuels des employés étaient, dans les industries des enquêtes de 1962 et de 1963, souvent assez proches des coûts français en Italie et en Belgique, mais généralement inférieurs en Allemagne et aux Pays-Bas.

En opérant la synthèse des résultats provenant des trois dernières enquêtes de la C.E.E. (1961, 1962 et 1963), de manière à faire porter l'observation sur les 37 industries manufacturières qui ont fait l'objet d'investigations, on constate qu'en Allemagne les coûts salariaux ouvriers supérieurs de plus de 10 % aux coûts français se présentent dans 21 industries (contre 7 en Belgique, 5 aux Pays- Bas et 4 en Italie), tandis que dans les deux pays du Bénélux ce sont les coûts proches des coûts français (écarts inférieurs à 10 %) qui sont les plus nombreux — 19 industries en Belgique et aux Pays- Bas — et en Italie les coûts inférieurs de plus de 10 % aux coûts français (19 industries).

Les estimations obtenues pour l'année 1964 et le premier trimestre de 1965, en tenant compte de l'évolution des statistiques nationales des salaires et en réestimant l'importance des charges annexes, montrent que, si le classement des coûts horaires ouvriers par rapport aux coûts français ne semble pas s'être sensiblement modifié en Allemagne Occidentale, dans les autres pays — et particulièrement en Italie — le nombre des industries ayant des coûts inférieurs aux coûts français paraît avoir nettement diminué, tandis que s'accroissaient celui des coûts voisins et celui des coûts supérieurs.
Bibliographie des poèmes de Max Jacob parus en revue
Authors: Green Maria , Van Rogger-Andreucci Christine
Published: October 2019

Outil précieux pour les chercheurs, cette bibliographie recense les poèmes de Max Jacob publiés en revue depuis 1901, date de sa première publication, jusqu'à nos jours. Nombreux sont les textes parus en périodique qui n'ont jamais été repris en volume et n'étaient pas même recensés, de nombreuses revues éphémères demeurant aujourd’hui oubliées ou introuvables. Dresser l'état de ces diverses collaborations constitue non seulement une étape essentielle pour une future édition des œuvres complètes, mais permet également de mesurer les liens unissant le poète de Saint-Benoît à son époque.
The Effect of the Mineral Content of the Leg-Horn and the Age of Sheep on the Mechanical Parameters of the Horn
Authors: Szórádi Tibor
Published: October 2019

Species and individual animals with hard leg-horn have higher resistance against foot diseases. The reason for this is the fact, that bacteria can penetrate the hard leg-horn with more difficulty than the soft leg-horn, and in this way it is also more difficult for them to cause an illness. From among the mechanical parameters of the leg-horn the P = 0.1% negative linear correlation between the hardness and the water contents of the horn is significant. There is a positive linear correlation between the shock resistance and the water contents of the leg-horn. In the case of air-dry horn (with less than 8% water contents) there is a positive linear correlation between the Ca- and Zn contents as well as the Ca:P ratio and the hardness of the horn. The results suggest that the wider the Ca:P ratio of the horn, the harder the horn is, while the water content is the same. The leg-horn of the Hungarian Merino ewes have larger Ca contents and wider Ca:P ratio than juvenile animals have. This is why the juvenile animals with a softer leg-horn can be more susceptive to foot diseases than the older animals.
New Possibilities of Brown Bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus) Farming
Authors: Vinginder Csaba
Published: October 2019

The brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus) has been settled in Europe at the end of Century XIX from North America. In Hungary it has been brought in 1902. The naturalization of this species was successful because the brown bullhead found adequate conditions for its life and reproduction in Hungary. But it was unsuccessful because lost its excellent growth.In inland water habitats-and that’s why also fishponds-extraordinarily multiplied, but because of its slight growth this species is undesirable for the native farmers. The brown bullhead is concurrent for domestic fish species, on the other hand its weight not more than 150-200 g. Occasionally it was exterminated, but multiplied again and again.In 1999 we placed out black bullhead offspring in a pool of a new intensive fish farm, in order to breed at least 300-350 g weight for the customers. The accidental trial was surprisingly successful. Consequently, the black bullhead prefers the artificial food, and produces excellent growth parameters and specific feed-live weight conversation ratio.On the 20th of September 1999 there was placed 23 300 pieces of brown bullhead offspring, with 28 g average weight and 625 kg gross weight. When we sold them on the 22nd of February 2000, the gross weight was 3387 and the live weight gain was 2735 kg. The gross weight of the feed was 3041,8 kg, and the feed-live weight conversation ratio was 1,11 kg/kg.Because of this successful trial the managers of the farm wanted to start systematic experiments to work out the details of the intensive farming of brown bullhead. We undertook to help to find the right place of the species in the Hungarian fish processing because of the increasing native and foreign demand.
The Role of Multimedia in General and Economic Vocational Training
Authors: Sternerné Végh Ágnes
Published: October 2019

The subject of my study is the methodological question of one of the topics of operation research as an application field of mathematics. The mathematics and operation research team of our institute aims to provide up to date knowledge to our students of both regular and distance education courses. Each topic has been allotted to a different teacher, thus my responsibilities include Networks and their economic application, and my ambition is to achieve increasingly good results teaching this subject. The distance education course of our college provides the opportunity to try a wide range of methodological methods.
Untersuchungen zur Phosphataufnahme von Zwischenfrüchten bei unterschiedlicher P-Versorgung des Bodens (Investigation of P Uptake of Catch Crops under Different P Supply)
Authors: Eichler Bettina , Grüner Adolf , Vágó Imre
Published: October 2019

The P uptakes of 11 different catch crops on four soils were estimated and compared with changes of double lactate soluble Phosphorus (P(DL)) in soil within a vessel trial. Additionally a model trial with quartz sand was carried out for investigations of the influence of P supply on root parameters. The differences of P uptake in dependence of the proofed variants were significant. Under a sufficient P supply Buckwheat, Maize and Oil radish had the highest P uptake on sandy soils, on loamy soil also Buckwheat and Maize but Serradella too. Under P deficiency the withdrawals of Phosphorus for Buckwheat, Maize and Oil radish were found to be the highest. In contrast to the sandy soils for the loamy soils no significant relation between the P uptake by plants and changes in the P-DL amount in soil could be found. For all variants the P uptake by plants were higher than the reduction of the P-DL amount in soil. The rate of P-DL content on the total P content in soil reduced while the two trial years only in sandy but not in loamy soils. The P uptake, the root length and the root/shoot relationship depends significantly on the cultivated crop and the added P compound. The added water soluble KH2PO4 caused a higher P uptake but a lower root/shoot-relationship than the water insoluble P compounds.
The Effect of Soil Coverings on Soil Respiration in Sandy Soil
Authors: Varga Csaba
Published: October 2019

The purpose of our experiments is to study effect of different soil coverings (porous black polyethylene called agroszövet and black polyethylene) on CO2 production in sandy soil. The CO2 production was measured in our laboratory according to Witkamp (1966 cit. Szegi, 1979), after 5 days’ incubation period. Samples were taken off four times (March, May, July, September) in every year of the experiment. In May, July and September of 2000, the CO2 production was significantly higher in the control than in the treatment soil. With the exception of September, the value of CO2 production was significantly higher under black polyethylene than under agroszövet. In March and May of 2001, the soil under black polyethylene, and in July and September the control soil produced the greatest quantity of CO2. With the exception of July, significantly more CO2 was produced under black polyethylene than under agroszövet. To study the dynamic of CO2 production there was find a significantly higher value May and September of 2001 than 2000. Similarly significant higher CO2 production was detected in September than in the other months In average of two experimental years the difference between the produced CO2 under different coverings was occasionally. Explicit upward tendency in soil CO2 production was detected only in case of control soil. There was a medium (r=0,413) relationship observed between the moisture content and the CO2 producing ability of soil. To sum up the soil coverings had favourable effect on soil CO2 production very rearly, but they could help to conserve the moisture content of soil.
Effects of Tillage Systems on Physical Status and Organic Matter Turnover of the Soil
Authors: Huzsvai László , Rátonyi Tamás , Nagy János , Megyes Attila
Published: October 2019

The cultivation technology for those plant, that play a key role in arable land production need to be renewed in order to reduce production costs and to protect arable land. The modernisation of technologies can only be achieved by applying appropriate tillage systems. Our measurements were carried out on chernozem soil with lime deposits at the Látókép Experimental Station of the Center for Agricultural Sciences, Debrecen University, in long term tillage experiments set up in 1989. We examined the typical physical parameters, the albedo, field capacity, the bulk density of the soil, organic carbon content (humus %) and the measured pH-values in the water solution within the two tillage variations. We have also modelled nitrogen cycle formation in different treatments.A significant difference occured between the albedos of the two soils, which may be the result of significant amounts of stem remaining on the surface in the case of the reduced tillage method. The yellow, waxy stem of maize reflects 21% of the sun’s rays, especially at the beginning of the vegetation period, when its decomposition has only just started. This delys the warming up in early spring, which delays the sowing time of maize and reduces evaporation. In the two tillage variations, the water management characteristics do not differ practically, the wilting point field capacity are in accordance. In reduced tillage methods, the so-called „plough-pan” can be well measured at 15-20 cm, while in winter ploughing it is at 30 cm. The humus % of the soil does not differ in the two tillage variations, but due to the difference in bulk density this means a different humus and organic nitrogen content. The organic nitrogen content is greater in the reduced tillage method. On the basis of pH value evaluations, we could not detect significant differences in the two tillage variations. The organic nitrogen content of areas where reduced tillage method was applied is higher than in areas where conventional winter ploughing was applied.
Economic Aspects of Rural Tourism
Authors: Bainé Szabó Bernadett
Published: October 2019

necessary to ensure the livelihoods of those leaving the agricultural sector and to supplement the incomes of those working in agriculture. I research rural development in four settlements in Hajdú-Bihar County, in Balmazújváros, Hortobágy, Tiszacsege and Egyek, all bordering Hortobágy National Park.There are many alternative income sources in settlements in the Hortobágy area, such as organic farming, production herbs, hungaricums, small animals and arts and crafts, as well as rural tourism. Rural tourism is not for subsistence, but a supplementary income source, mainly available during the summer time. I made a survey of rural hosts in the four examined settlements, and according to my results, I constructed a model reflecting the cost-benefit relation, as well as the payment period conditions of rural tourism. I am going to show whether it is worth dealing with rural tourism, and if yes, under what conditions. Rural tourism contributes to the maintenance of rural modes of living, in this way it has significant cultural, economic, ecological and social aspects, as well. It is crucial for settlements to create the appropriate conditions needed for joining rural tourism, if it is worth joining at all, and to realise investments for all these. Rural tourism has strict requirements for the levels of environment, infrastructure and services. Studying the Western-European practices, Hungary is lagged behind in the conditions of rural tourism and rural hosts have done their activities mainly out of necessity and not to maintain traditions. Rural tourism may result in success only by co-operation and over the long-run.
Authors: Agustina Neli , Fitriana Ilma Ainun
Published: October 2019

The implementation of fiscal decentralization is expected to accelerate public services, develop regional potentials,  improve the economy and prosperity. However, this situation does not apply to every province, such as Papua and West Papua Provinces having capital expenditure above average and high economic growth rates, but indicators of regional development are still in concern. This study aims to determine the relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic performance towards indicators of regional development. By using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis, the results show that there is a positive relationship between fiscal decentralization on economic performance. In addition, there is also a positive relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic performance on development indicators.

 

Keywords— fiscal decentralization, economic performance, development indicators, PLS-SEM
Model Ekonomi Rumah Tangga Pertanian Usaha Padi Penerima PKH Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Rivai Arham
Published: October 2019

Kebijakan pertanian dan program perlindungan sosial diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan menurunkan kemiskinan rumahtangga pertanian, tetapi sedikit perhatian diberikan kepada interaksi kedua kebijakan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membangun model ekonomi rumahtangga petani usaha padi penerima PKH dan menganalisis dampak kebijakan pertanian, program perlindungan sosial, dan integrasi kedua kebijakan terhadap kinerja ekonomi dan kesejahteraan rumahtangga pertanian, serta pengaruhnya terhadap jumlah penduduk miskin di Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian menggunakan data cross section pada 158 rumahtangga petani padi penerima PKH. Model dibangun sebagai sistem persamaan simultan yang terdiri dari 18 persamaan struktural dan 22 persamaan identitas. Estimasi model menggunakan metode two-stage least squares (2SLS). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model yang dibangun dapat diaplikasikan kemampuannya untuk melakukan simulasi kebijakan dan dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi alternatif dampak kebijakan yang relevan terhadap kesejahteraan rumahtangga petani. Sedangkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa PKH dapat berguna untuk mengkompensai kesejahteraan yang hilang sebagai akibat kebijakan pertanian berupa pengurangan subsidi pupuk serta merupakan instrumen yang dapat disinergikan dengan kebijakan pertanian.
Solar PV-Battery-Electric Grid-Based Energy System for Residential Applications: System Configuration and Viability
Authors: Bagalini V. , Zhao B. Y. , Wang R. Z. , Desideri U.
Published: October 2019

Distributed renewable energy share increase in electricity generation is creating challenges for the whole power system, due to its intermittent and nonprogrammable nature. Energy storage has the potential to solve those issues although its technical, economic, and environmental impact is up for debate. The paper presents a study about a PV-battery energy storage system installed in a grid-connected residential apartment in the Green Energy Laboratory at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China. Daily experimental results show how the presence of energy storage reduces the midday feed-in of excess PV power and the evening peak demand, providing benefits to the distribution network in terms of reduced voltage swings and peak load. Considering the Chinese context, an economic analysis is carried out to assess the profitability of residential PV-battery systems, using the net present value as the economic indicator of an 18-year investment in which the battery pack is replaced twice (6 life years). The analysis shows that such system is not economically viable due to a combination of low electricity prices, valuable PV incentives, and high technology costs. However, considering a future scenario of doubled electricity tariff, halved export tariff, and falling technology costs (-66% battery and -17% PV and inverter), PV-battery investment becomes profitable and shows more resilience to future scenarios than PV-only investment.
Reforma do Ensino Médio no Brasil: o Caso da Disciplina de História e as Implicações para Aprendizagem Histórica
Authors: Germinari Geyso Dongley
Published: October 2019

Este artigo visa problematizar as implicações para os processos de aprendizagem histórica de jovens, no contexto a reforma do Ensino Médio, no Brasil, imposta pela Lei nº 13.415/17. Dentre as mudanças estabelecidas destaca-se o fim da obrigatoriedade da oferta da disciplina de História, a qual passa a ser ofertada na área de conhecimento Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, em caráter optativo, conforme possibilidades da escola ou sistema de ensino. Em forma de ensaio critica-se a proposta reformista, compreendendo que a flexibilização da obrigatoriedade da disciplina de História no Ensino Médio e a organização curricular em áreas de conhecimento contrapõem-se aos recentes estudos sobre aprendizagem histórica realizados na perspectiva da pesquisa em cognição histórica situada, a qual enfatiza a relevância da concepção disciplinar da ciência da história para formação histórica dos jovens, pois implica diretamente no desenvolvimento do pensamento histórico científico, na construção de múltiplas identidades históricas e na orientação temporal para vida prática.Palavras-chave: Reforma do Ensino Médio. Disciplina de História. Cognição Histórica.
La Formación de los Profesores en Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales. La Realidad en una Universidad Pública y Regional Chilena
Authors: Meneses Marta Castañeda
Published: October 2019

O artigo aborda o ensino de história na realidade de uma universidade pública chilena. Por meio de um relato cronológico e crítico, busca-se demonstrar a evolução da tarefa docente, desde as primeiras referências às escolas normais até a atualformação universitária orientada a um professor que se posicione como profissional crítico, capaz de tomar decisões fundamentadas ao planejar situações de aprendizagem. Nesse contexto, o ensino de história na educação básica também percebe uma evolução em seus objetivos e preocupações. Assim, por exemplo, os atuais parâmetros para a formação na área reconhecem de forma incipiente o papel de pesquisador dos professores. Formar para ensinar história aparece, ainda, associado à preparação de algumasestratégias, a fim de entregar ao professor do ensino fundamental as ferramentas necessárias para aprofundar-se na sua compreensão da sociedade e, por consequência, dos meninos e meninas que lhessão confiados. Palavras-chave: Evolução da Formação de Professores. Ensino de História. Ensino Fundamental.
Educação do Campo em Perspectiva: descompasso entre a política pública e a afirmação da concepção pelos sujeitos que a fazem
Authors: Paludo Conceição , Santos Simone Valdete dos
Published: October 2019

Tendo como referente às proposições da Educação do Campo, o que se apresenta é a análise da produção da 36ª (2013), 37ª (2015) e 38ª (2017) reuniões bianuais da ANPEd - Associação Nacional de Pós Graduação em Educação. Caracteriza-se como um Estado da Questão e um estudo bibliográfico. A intenção foi a de verificar, no atual contexto brasileiro, como são analisadas as políticas públicas; assim como, se há consequências dessa análise em termos da concepção da Educação do Campo. Concluise que enquanto as políticas públicas caminham a passos largos para a sua desconstituição, juntamente com a desconstrução do ideário dos direitos humanos, a concepção de Educação do Campo é mantida nas suas proposições fundamentais, resultado do processo de luta dos movimentos sociais do campo nas duas últimas décadas.
Políticas de Formação de Professores, Violências e Direitos Humanos: entrevistas com Bernardete Angelina Gatti, Carlos Roberto Jamil Cury, Dermeval Saviani
Authors: Pereira Maria e Fátima Rodrigues , Stival Maria Cristina Elias Esper
Published: October 2019

Publicam-se, nesta edição, três entrevistas realizadas com três iminentes professores brasileiros – Bernardete Angelina Gatti, Carlos Roberto Jamil Cury e Dermeval Saviani –, concedidas à Professora Maria Cristina Esper Stival, no âmbito de seus estudos de Pós-doutorado, quando então desenvolveu o projeto de pesquisa intitulado Política Nacional de Formação dos Profissionais da Educação Básica: perspectivas acerca do Programa de Desenvolvimento Educacional (PDE), no Estado do Paraná: possibilidades e contradições no debate das violências e dos direitos humanos, realizado na linha de pesquisa Políticas Públicas e Gestão da Educação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação (PPGED) da Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná (UTP) e no grupo de pesquisa Trabalho, Educação e Políticas Educacionais, com início no segundo semestre de 2016 e término em março de 2018. O objetivo da publicação das entrevistas é ofertar, aos educadores brasileiros, importantes reflexões que generosa e solidariamente os três professores fazem com respeito a temas candentes e atuais que afligem os professores em suas práticas pedagógicas e pesquisas, a saber: violências, direitos humanos e políticas de formação de professores.
Êxodo Rural no Extremo Oeste Catarinense e Educação do Campo: uma abordagem a partir dos conceitos de espaço e tempo
Authors: Paula José Fabiano de , Taschetto Leonidas Roberto
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo problematizar os conceitos de espaço e tempo como possíveis fatores de impacto sobre o êxodo rural no extremo oeste catarinense. Fundamentamos nossa reflexão em Milton Santos (2012; 2004; 2003; 1992 e 1986), Jacques Le Goff (2003), Norbert Elias (1998) e Manuel Castells (1999). A metodologia configura-se em um estudo de caso sobre a mesorregião do extremo oeste catarinense à luz de uma análise documental. Os resultados apontam para o tempo e o espaço como fatores que contribuem para o êxodo rural na região. O acúmulo desigual do tempo, através do “tempo espacial”, das diferentes temporalidades que coabitam o espaço, bem como um espaço que é “uno e múltiplo” serviram de base para compreender o quanto esses termos podem influenciar a Educação do Campo.
Educação Ambiental e os Sentidos da Escola
Authors: Campos Marília Andrade Torales , Carvalho Andréa Macedônio de
Published: October 2019

A escola brasileira constituiu-se, historicamente, em um espaço de perpetuação das concepções e ideologias das classes dominantes no sentido de formar minimamente uma massa de mão de obra produtiva que atendesse às demandas do capitalismo. A Educação Ambiental brasileira, no entanto, é estabelecida como um processo de emancipação dos sujeitos e precisa ser trabalhada nas escolas dentro de uma perspectiva crítica; escolas estas com princípios pragmáticos. É dentro deste contexto contraditório que se encontra o professor, limitado pela concepção disciplinar do currículo e pelo próprio sentido da escola pública brasileira, mas balizado pelo que é prescrito nas orientações oriundas das políticas públicas. Admitimos que, apesar de todas as limitações, a escola pública ainda é a melhor alternativa na formação de sujeitos críticos, mas que carece de especial atenção em relação à formação de professores também críticos, pois sem eles não há esperanças de um projeto educacional transformador para construção de uma sociedade mais justa social e ambientalmente.
A Dimensão Comunitária da Escola na Prática Pedagógica da Educação Ambiental na Ilha do Mel/PR
Authors: Andreoli Vanessa Marion
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir a importância da valorização da dimensão comunitária da escola nas práticas pedagógicas de Educação Ambiental, tomando como análise a ação docente dos professores dos colégios estaduais localizados na Ilha do Mel/PR, região que tem 95% de sua área composta por duas Unidades de Conservação de proteção integral e que, no seu entorno, vivem comunidades em situação de vulnerabilidade socioambiental. Compreende-se que a Educação Ambiental, numa perspectiva crítica, pode contribuir para recriar os vínculos de pertencimento dos sujeitos ao território que vivem, possibilitando o desenvolvimento local e consequentemente sua transformação social, com vistas a uma melhor qualidade de vida. Sugere-se que a Educação Ambiental nas escolas do campo necessita ser diferenciada, específica, alternativa ao modelo educacional tradicional, comprometida com a emancipação dos sujeitos e com o empoderamento comunitário. Democratizando espaços de participação e veiculando saberes significativos, que possibilitem oportunidades reais para que as comunidades consigam romper com as situações e relações que as silenciam e, por vezes, as paralisam, entende-se que ela pode colaborar tanto para a redução da pobreza e das desigualdades sociais, quanto para a conservação dos recursos naturais e da biodiversidade local, na busca do desenvolvimento de comunidades mais sustentáveis.
O Processo de Ambientalização Curricular na Educação Superior: uma Proposta Metodológica
Authors: Mota Junior Cesar , Kitzmann Dione Iara Silveira
Published: October 2019

As pesquisas acerca da Ambientalização Curricular (AC) vêm se potencializando nas últimas décadas, tanto em território nacional quantointernacional. Compreendida como um processo complexo que envolve a integração de valores socioambientais nos currículos, ainda carece de estudos aprofundados que possibilitem sua efetivação na práxis educacional. É nesse sentido que este trabalho visa apresentar uma Proposta Metodológica para a Ambientalização Curricular – PMAC, que está sendo desenvolvida e aplicada em uma pesquisa de doutorado em Educação Ambiental (EA), no Programa de Pós-Graduação em EA (PPGEA) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG. Esta proposta transcende a primeira fase de diagnósticos e avança no sentido de institucionalizar o processo de AC integrando osvalores socioambientais de forma transversal, interdisciplinar e sistêmica nos currículos da Educação Superior. A PMAC é constituída a partir de 8 Princípios e 32 Fundamentos oriundos das macropolíticas da EA no Brasil, e aposta em um trabalho colaborativo com os docentes e de parcerias institucionais que possibilitem a potencialização do caráter participativo, democrático e justo da EA.
Educação Ambiental: Análise dos Projetos Apresentados pelas Escolas Participantes da IV Conferência Nacional Infanto-Juvenil pelo Meio Ambiente
Authors: Vieira Solange Reiguel , Azevedo Alexandre Luiz Korte de , Buss Chaara Lipszyc Buss Lipszyc , Campos Marília Andrade Torales
Published: October 2019

O artigo apresenta reflexões que visam contribuir ao campo da educação ambiental a partir da análise do perfil das escolas participantes da IV Conferência Nacional Infantojuvenil do Meio Ambiente (IV CNIJMA), realizada pelo governo federal no ano de 2013. Para isto, realizou-se uma revisão documental sobre os dados do perfil das escolas e das comunidades envolvidas na IV CNIJMA e a análise qualitativa dos projetos disponibilizados na página do Ministério da Educação (MEC). Com base nesta revisão, e a partir dos dados disponíveis nos documentos e relatórios foi possível visualizar o processo de desenvolvimento da IV CNIJMA e compreender as características dos projetos socioambientais apresentados pelas escolas e suas comunidades. A decisão por analisar a quarta edição das CNIJMA se justifica pelo fato de que esta foi a edição que recebeu o maior número de inscrição de projetos. Os resultados representam expressões quantitativasdo que foi a IV CNIJMA e permitem compreender o perfil e discutir as características dos projetos que foram apresentados.
As Revoluções Proletárias e a Organização da Escola Pública Moderna
Authors: Pereira Karla Cristina Prudente , Favaro Neide de Almeida Lança Galvão
Published: October 2019

Este artigo analisa o processo de estruturação da escola pública na França e suas funções, no decorrer do século XIX. Com base no referencial do materialismo histórico, a pesquisa é qualitativa e de caráter bibliográfico, envolvendo a análise da materialidade histórica que marcou a organização da educação moderna. Retomam-se os principais acontecimentos franceses deste século, com destaque para as revoluções proletárias que definiram os primeiros conflitos de classe típicos da sociabilidade do capital. Ao se evidenciarem as condições desiguais características da relação capitalista, o proletariado lutou contra a burguesia, levando à Revolução de 1848 e à Comuna de Paris, em 1871. A criação da escola pública foi analisada no interior destes eventos, a fim de entender as influências dos movimentos revolucionários para a mesma. Constatou-se que a classe burguesa reagiu perante a ameaça operária e considerou o potencial da escola como instrumento de contenção social. Foi o desenrolar destes atritos que levou à criação de uma escola a cargo do Estado, nos moldes que se mantém até a atualidade, evidenciando que seus princípios gerais estiveram vinculados à manutenção de uma determinada ideologia e relação social.
Pobreza y adversidades en los cafetaleros de la Sierra Otomí-Tepehua en México
Authors: González Romo Adrián , González Gómez Diana Xóchitl , Sánchez Torres Yolanda
Published: October 2019

La cafeticultura es una actividad de los sectores productivos más olvidados de la economía mexicana donde las políticas públicas no han logrado transformar la situación adversa existente para las familias. El estudio se realizó en la Región Indígena, Otomí- Tepehua en el estado de Hidalgo, donde los productores se dedican a la producción de café. El territorio indígena forma parte de la Sierra Madre oriental, con ecosistemas ricos en biodiversidad, se caracterizan por la pobreza extrema en que viven, que durante años han tratado de transformar pero poco se ha logrado. Después del cierre de INMECAFE, los productores han tratado de buscar alternativas, tratando de apropiarse de un mejor valor agregado, asociándose y generando marcas propias con café listo para el consumo o el haber transitado hacia la producción de orgánico. Los resultados están basados en 83 entrevistas realizadas a productores cafetaleros. A pesar de los diferentes esfuerzos se muestran las condiciones adversas y el círculo vicioso de sus condiciones de vida, donde el producto generado cuenta con una demanda importante, pero los productores no pueden venderlo directamente al mercado ante el bajo volumen obtenido, comercializándolo a través de intermediarios como materia prima, sin valor agregado. Los casos de productores exitosos son mínimos, sin embargo se puede considerar un buen ejemplo a seguir.
Institutional Ethics Committees for Decisions on Life-sustaining Treatment in Korea: Their Current State and Experiences with their Operation*,**
Authors: CHOI Ji Yeon , JANG Seung Gyeong , KIM Claire Junga , LEE Ilhak
Published: October 2019

Institutional Ethics Committees are responsible for reviewing, consulting, and educating about matters related to life-sustaining treatment, these committees should play a substantial role in implementing the Act in each hospital. However, there are few such committees and their operations have been limited in many respects. In this article we report on a survey that was carried out to assess the difficulties faced by 63 committee administrators. We also conducted focus-group interviews with seven medical professionals or administrators working in health care institutions in which a committee has been established. Subjects were asked about the difficulties these committees face in advising on foregoing life-sustaining treatment. The operational problems that were reported include the following: difficulties in accessing patients’ records of decisions concerning life-sustaining treatment, obstacles in using Shared Ethics Committees, legal and administrative complexities in diagnosing the end-of-life process, the lack of expertise of committee members and administrators, manpower shortages on the committees, and medical professionals’ negative views of the Act’s procedures for life-sustaining treatment decision-making. In order to deal with these problems, we suggest the following solutions: improving the accessibility of patients’ life-sustaining treatment decisions, encouraging the use of Shared Ethics Committees, defining the qualifications and training requirements for Committee members, establishing better communications among committee members; creating an educational system for medical professionals in order to improve their understanding of the committees’ role; and developing standard operating procedures for the committees.
A Study on Artificial Intelligence and Data Ethics: Focusing on Health Data Used in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: PARK Mi Jeong
Published: October 2019

Health data collected in various ways and forms is secondary use of scientific research purposes. Including Republic of Korea, several country’s Data protection law require the anonymity of data in addition to obtaining the consent of the data subject as a provisions relating to specific data processing situations. In the case of research related to the important objectives of public interest, the informed consent of the subject shall be exempt from that liability. In order to find such compatibility of purposes, consideration will need to be taken in terms other than the lawful processing of personal data. This paper starts with the fact that data is used to train artificial intelligence. First, artificial intelligence needs to focus on specifics on what data are used in the training of the artificial intelligence and how the algorithms are built, and the concerns arising from the mechanism of algorithms are discussed. The data used in the artificial intelligence system are considered as the subject of ethical debate and the ethical problems are discussed. And analyzed the legislative process and legal provisions for data processing principles of EU General Data Protection Regulation to find clues to solving that problems. The problems that can arise due to the characteristics of artificial intelligence technology, which are hard to prepare and interpreter through legislation, are explains to informed consent and responsibility, the myth of data anonymity and, risk scores and algorithmic discrimination. As a conclusion, I suggested about data processing to removes ‘poison’ from the data, harmonization with legal system as an ex ante procedure, and transparent design of the algorithm for human judgment as a whole.
El impacto de la religión y la cultura en la conservación del paisaje y la planificación urbana en las ciudades de Nepal
Authors: Sbarra María Florencia
Published: October 2019

El reporte estudia el impacto de la religión y la cultura en la conservación y la planificación urbana de la sociedad Newar, en Nepal. Los Newars son los antiguos habitantes del valle de Katmandú con residencia en las tres ciudades principales: Katmandú, Patan y Bhaktapur. Estos asentamientos urbanos, reconocidos por sus paisajes únicos y relevantes se encuentran inscriptos por UNESCO como World Heritage Sites. Existen dos tipos de patrimonio en Nepal: los núcleos urbanos de las ciudades principales y los sitios religiosos. Uno de los aportes del trabajo realizado radica en el relevamiento y compaginación de información que no se encontraba sistematizada, postulando vinculaciones innovadoras en lo que a los datos respecta. Asimismo, ha sido el resultado de un trabajo de campo que involucraba una misión de Cooperación Internacional (UNESCO) debido a la inscripción del Valle de Katmandú en la lista del Patrimonio mundial en riesgo de desaparecer. En lo específico, este recorte se ocupa de la particular organización de estas ciudades y del impacto que en ellas generan la religión y la cultura en una sociedad impregnada de simbolismos. Para ello se toma como tema principal la ciudad de Bhaktapur y el sitio religioso de Pashupatinah como un caso de estudio.
Procesos de reconversión urbana en Rosario
Authors: Pontoni Silvina , Fernández María Laura
Published: October 2019

La investigación tiene como preocupación las grandes intervenciones urbanas concretadas en la ciudad de Rosario (provincia de Santa Fe) desde los años 90, en la perspectiva de contribuir al debate sobre la singularidad que este tipo de operaciones de transformación urbana han asumido en ciudades de escala intermedia, como operaciones en sí mismas y con relación a los impactos que producen en materia urbanística y socio-económica. En esta oportunidad, se presentan avances referidos a dos casos de reconversión urbana ubicados en áreas internas de la ciudad que se encuentran en distintas fase de ejecución. Ellos son el Centro de Renovación Urbana Scalabrini Ortiz y el Centro de Renovación Urbana Predio del ex Batallón 121, cuyos procesos se iniciaron a principios de 2000 con la inauguración de dos grandes equipamientos, el Complejo Alto Rosario y al Centro Municipal de Distrito Sur, respectivamente, pero que han ido desarrollándose en forma muy disímil. De diferente extensión y valor de posición, uno de ellos puede ser calificado como un Gran Proyecto Urbano en consolidación, en el que la gestión privada tiene preeminencia; el otro, como un Gran Proyecto Urbano sui generis e incipiente, en el que la gestión pública tiene mayor protagonismo.