bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação Dos Modelos Digitais De Elevação (Mde) Derivados De Imagens De Sensoriamento Remoto Orbital
Authors: Brito Gustavo Henrique Mendes , Teixeira Renato Cardoso , Antunes Arlindo Modesto , Rocha Ivandro José de Freitas
Published: May 2018

Modelos digitais de elevação, MDE, auxiliam em desenvolver atividades agrícolas como escolhas das áreas de atuação, cultura a ser introduzida, obter informações topográficas em locais de difícil acesso, traçar sentido de plantio, permite uma melhor distribuição e abertura de carreadores de acesso nas lavouras, fornece uma prévia do traçado de curvas em nível, também orienta em traçar um perfil longitudinal do solo de uma localização a outra. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar qual imagem de satélite possui informações que mais aproxima da real situação topográfica da área em estudo. Utilizando pontos GPS coletados em campo, juntamente com imagens de satélite ASTER, SRTM, TOPODATA e suas respectivas informações disponíveis. Foi extraído o erro médio quadrático e determinado qual imagem de satélite possui melhor resultado correlacionado com as elevações do local estudado. A imagem que gerou o menor valor RMSE foi o MDE TOPODATA, com valor de 12,59 m, passando a ser a informação que melhor refletiu o plano topográfico local. Á associação da atividade agrícola junto ao solo, se aplica ou adequa conforme as elevações do terreno.
Caracterização Agronômica E Fenológica De Genótipos De Arroz Irrigado Para Determinação De Mistura Varietal
Authors: Chagas Jaiza Francisca Ribeiro , Santos Gil Rodrigues Dos , Abadia Ventura Matheus Vinicius
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho objetivou identificar genótipos semelhantes quanto à características agronômicas e fenológicas para a formação de uma mistura varietal. O experimento foi realizado no campus de Gurupi, Universidade Federal do Tocantins. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com três repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de 37 genótipos de arroz irrigado. As características avaliadas foram germinação, floração, altura da planta, peso das panículas, comprimento das panículas, peso de 100 grãos, forma do grão, classe do grão, presença da arista e cor das glumelas. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias avaliadas pelo teste de agrupamento de Scott-Knott, ao nível de 5 % de probabilidade e análise multivariada. Evidenciou-se diferença significativa para a maioria das características estudadas, indicando variabilidade entre os genótipos. O genótipo Irri 344 chegou a floração aos 74 dias após o plantio, seguido dos cultivares Javaé e Irga 417 com 79 dias. O genótipo Eloni e o Mutante Multiespigueta da Embrapa foram os que apresentaram o ciclo mais tardio. Os genótipos com maior altura foram: Tetep com 131,3 cm e o Basmati com 128,3 cm. Para a classe do grão a maioria dos genótipos foi classificada como longo fino. Na análise multivariada houve a formação de 7 grupos. A floração foi à característica que mais influenciou na determinação dos grupos, exceto para o grupo 1 composto pelos genótipos Tetep e Basmati, que se distanciaram também em relação à altura. Os genótipos CNAI 5287, CNAI 9930 e Irri 344 não foram incluídos em nenhuma dos grupos, sendo a característica classe de grãos que determinou a maior dissimilaridade em relação aos demais grupos.

 Palavras-chave: Oryza sativa, descritores morfológicos, brusone, mistura de cultivares.
Da Natureza Cogente Da Afetividade: Legitimação Filosófica Do Amor Para Efeito De Norma-Princípio
Authors: Dias Norton Maldonado , Dalto Tania Maria
Published: May 2018

O trabalho procurou expor a concepção da afetividade dentro de um novo modelo da entidade familiar que vêm ganhando significativos contornos com a doutrina e com a jurisprudência pátria afim em discutir a natureza da afetividade como uma norma princípio com todas as suas qualidades vinculativas e obrigatórias. A problemática consistiu na redução do amor à mera espontaneidade, em suma, inviabilizando deveres e imposições sentimentais para com o outro, porém o aprofundamento filosófico trabalhou com a hipótese de uma afetividade voluntária e que pode ser onerada com efeito vinculativo devido à natureza de norma jurídica (Princípio da Afetividade). Assim, a proposta buscou resgatar as noções filosóficas platônica, aristotélica e cristã como forma de realçar a possibilidade de um amor consciente e voluntário para fins da responsabilização jurídica.
UJI KOMPARASI NILAI GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY (GPP) DAN KELIMPAHAN KLOROFIL-a KOLAM BUDIDAYA PEMBESARAN IKAN DENGAN PUPUK DAN TANPA PUPUK
Authors: Dan Abdul Syukur Muh. Masyarul Rusdani, Muhammad Juli
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKPemupukan dalam kegiatan budidaya perikanan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesuburan media pemeliharaan denganmemberikan unsur atau zat hara ke dalam tanah yang secara langsung atau tidak dapat meningkatkan produktivitasprimer media. Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) dan klorofil-a (Chl-a) merupakan parameter yang biasa digunakanuntuk menentukan produktivitas media pemeliharaan ikan. Pemberian pupuk pada media diduga dapat berpengaruhterhadap peningkatan produktivitas lahan, sehingga dalam penelitian ini dilakukan uji komparasi nilai GPP dan Chl-apada kolam yang diberikan pupuk dan tanpa pupuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai GPP dan Chl-a padakolam yang diberikan pupuk berbeda nyata dengan kolam tanpa pupuk. Diakhir periode sampling diperoleh nilai GPPdan Chl-a berturut-turut sebesar 350.20 mg C/m3/jam dan 400.00 ug/L pada kolam tanpa pupuk dan 484.59 mgC/m3/jam dan 592.73 ug/L pada kolam dengan pupuk. Nilai GPP dan Chl-a memiliki keterkaitan yang sangat tinggi,baik pada kolam tanpa pupuk maupun dengan pupuk. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai korelasi Pearson untuk GPP dan Chl-apada kolam dengan pemberian pupuk 0.9811 dan 0.9389 pada kolam tanpa pemberian pupuk.Kata kunci : pemupukan, gross primary productivity, klorofil-a.ABSTRACTFertilization in aquaculture aims to increase the pond fertility by providing nutrients of soil based, which directly orindirectly may increase primary productivity. Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) arecommon parameters used to determine the productivity of fish pond. Fertilizing fish pond is expected to increaseproductivity. The data collected in this study was analyzed using comparative test for GPP and Chl-a values in pondwith and without fertilizer. The result shows that the value of GPP and Chl-a in the pond with and without fertilizerare significantly different. At the end of the observation, GPP and Chl-a values were 350.20 mg C/m3/h and 400.00ug/L in fish pond without fertilizer and 484.59 mg C/m3/h and 592.73 ug/L in fish pond with fertilizer, both in thepond with and without fertilizer. Pearson correlation values for GPP and Chl-a in fish pond show that GPP and Chl-ahave a very high relevance both in the pond with and without fertilizer, which are 0.9811 for pond with fertilizer and0.9389 pond without fertilizer.Keywords: Fertilization, gross primary productivity, chlorophyll-a.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RAGI ROTI DENGAN DOSIS YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN POPULASI Brachionus plicatilis
Authors: Dan Alis Mukhlis Iksan, Muhammad Junaidi
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKThis study aims to determine the best dose of bakers yeast in culture Brachionusplicatilis. The research was conducted in July-September 2015 in the Mandiri Laboratory ofBTN Puri Meninting West Lombok District. This experiment uses a completely randomizeddesign ( CRD ), which consists of 6 treatments and repeated 3 times , in order to obtain 18units of trial that treatment A : without feed , treatment B : feed Nannochloropsis spp.,treatment C : 7.5 mg/L, treatment D : 15.0 mg/L , treatment E : 22.5 mg/L , and treatment F :30.0 mg/L. The results showed that the difference in the level of baker's yeast significantlyaffect the population growth of Brachionus plicatilis, which obtained the highest populationdensity in the yeast dose of 30.0 mg/L of 90 individuals/mLKey word : bakers yeast, population growth, Brachionus plicatilisABSTRACTPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis ragi roti yang terbaik dalam kulturBrachionus plicatilis. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli - September 2015 diLaboratorium Mandiri BTN Puri Meninting Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Penelitian inimenggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan diulangsebanyak 3 kali, sehingga diperoleh 18 unit percobaan yaitu perlakuan A : tanpa pakan,perlakuan B : pakan Nannochloropsis spp., perlakuan C : 7,5 mg/L, perlakuan D : 15,0mg/L, perlakuan E : 22,5 mg/L, dan perlakuan F : 30,0 mg/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukanbahwa perbedaan dosis ragi roti berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan populasiBrachionus plicatilis, dimana kepadatan populasi tertinggi diperoleh pada dosis ragi 30,0mg/L yaitu 90 individu/mLKata kunci : ragi roti, pertumbuhan populasi, Brachionus plicatilis,
Penentuan Tingkat Kerentanan Pulau Guraici Berdasarkan Kapasitas Adaptif Ekosistem Pesisir
Authors: Subur Riyadi
Published: May 2018

AbstrakÃÂ Pulau Guraici tergolong pulau sangat kecil, dengan luas saat ini ÃÂ±0,59 hektar, luas daratan pulau ini terus mengalami degradasi sebagai akibat hilangnya ekosistem pesisir utama seperti terumbu karang, mangrove, lamun, sehingga kerentanan dari pulau tersebut ÃÂ terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai serta menentukan tingkat kerentanan pulau Guraici berdasarkan Kapasitas Adaptif ekosistem pesisir pula tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengukur kapasitas adaptasi ekosistem terumbu karang, mangrove dan Lamun (seagrass). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai kapasitas Adaptif ekosistem pesisir yang ditemukan di pulau tersebut yaitu 0,34, dengan kategori Ã¢â¬Åsangat rendahÃ¢â¬Â, yang berarati bahwa pulau Guraici memiliki kerentanan sangat tinggi.ÃÂ Kata kunci : Kerentanan, Kapasitas Adaptif, Ekosistem Pesisir.ÃÂ ÃÂ AbstractÃÂ Guraici Island is considered a very small island, with an area of ÃÂ± 0.59 hectares, the area of the island continues to degrade as a result of the loss of major coastal ecosystems such as coral reefs, mangroves, seagrasses, so the vulnerability of the island continues to increase. This study propouse to assess and determine the vulnerability of Guraici island based on Adaptive Capacity of the coastal ecosystem. This research was conducted by measuring the adaptation capacity of coral reef ecosystem, mangrove and seagrass. The results of this study indicate that the Adaptif capacity value of coastal ecosystems found on the island is 0.37, with the category "very low", which means that Guraici island has very high vulnerability.ÃÂ Keywords: Vulnerability, Adaptive Capacity, Coastal Ecosystem.
Are grouse populations unstable at the southern end of their range?
Authors: Cattadori Isabella M. , Hudson Peter J.
Published: May 2018

The long‐term temporal dynamics of four grouse species in the Italian Alps have been investigated in the attempt to reveal if the populations exhibit the tendency to cycle at the southern edge of their European range. Hunting statistics or count data were collected as total number of individuals shot or counted each year from five provinces. For the province of Trento data were available at the level of mountain groups and a more detailed investigation was carried out. The results from Trento were compared with the more general findings from the other four Italian provinces. Time series analysis was performed to investigate the pattern of cycle and autoregressive models were used to describe the density dependence structure. In general, the populations showed a weak or no tendency to regular fluctuations: rock ptarmigan Lagopus mutus and black grouse Tetrao tetrix populations exhibited the highest tendency to cycle with periods of 5–9 years while capercaillie Tetrao urogallus never showed regular fluctuations. Hazel grouse Bonasa bonasia cyclic dynamics were restricted to a few populations of Trento. When time series from Trento were corrected for hunting effort the detection of cycle among populations sharply increased but no differences in the strength of second order density dependence or in the period length was observed. A linear first order autoregressive model explained better the intrinsic structure of the majority of populations. We compare the findings with studies conducted on populations of northern Europe and suggest possible reasons for the reduced tendency to cycle in the grouse populations of the Italian Alps.
Daytime roosting and habitat preference of capercaillie Tetrao urogallus males in spring ‐ the importance of forest structure in relation to anti‐predator behaviour
Authors: Finne Mats Haneborg , Wegge Per , Eliassen Sigrunn , Odden Morten
Published: May 2018

Radio‐equipped adult capercaillie Tetrao urogallus males (N = 10) were tracked during April and May 1996–1997 in a coniferous forest in southeastern Norway, which has been subjected to clear‐felling and replanting during the last five decades. With the use of radio‐telemetry daytime habitat preference was investigated at two levels of scale: within home range and within forest stands inside home ranges. In addition, roosting habitat preference within stands was investigated by locating heaps of intestinal faeces, henceforth called roosting sites. Within forest stands, forest structure and visibility were measured at roosting sites (N = 94) and at random plots (N = 188). Within home ranges the birds used plantations and old naturally regenerated forest according to availability, and open bogs were avoided. Of the roosting sites, 90% were located underneath the low branches of Norway spruce Picea abies trees. For roosting within old naturally regenerated stands (> 70 years old) males preferred sites with higher tree density, higher vertical and horizontal cover and lower visibility than in the surrounding forest. In young and middle‐aged plantations, on the contrary, roosting sites tended to have lower tree density (P = 0.118), but still seemed to have better cover than the surrounding forest (P = 0.117). The forest structure preference of roosting sites was reflected in the use of vegetation types within the old naturally regenerated forest. Because dense cover reduces the probability that the birds are detected by a predator, but at the same time increases the risk of being killed once detected, capercaillie males have to compromise between shelter and outlook. Our data indicate that males prefer good cover at the expense of good overview of the surroundings when selecting roosting sites, and that tree density is usually too dense in younger plantations, probably because outlook is reduced and flying obstructed.
Status and management of the greater prairie‐chicken Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus in North America
Authors: Svedarsky W. Daniel , Westemeier Ronald L. , Robel Robert J. , Gough Sharron , Toepher John E.
Published: May 2018

Greater prairie‐chickens Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus are grouse of the tallgrass prairie of North America. Their range expanded greatly following the spread of early European agriculture into the grasslands and logging in forested areas. When the optimum mix of cropland and grass was exceeded, their range generally contracted to the regions where climatic and/or soil factors favoured the retention of grassland. Historically they probably occurred in 20 states of the United States and four Canadian provinces, but presently they only occur in 11 states and no longer in Canada. Their current status throughout the range varies considerably depending on habitat conditions, population levels, management capabilities and local land‐use economic factors. A variety of conservation efforts, including translocation, are underway in the states where they occur, the intensity of which is generally inverse to numbers remaining. Noteworthy, is the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) which has increased grassland cover on private land through incentive payments.
Using cast antler characteristics to profile quality of white‐tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus populations
Authors: Ditchkoff Stephen S. , Welch Edgar R. , Lochmiller Robert L.
Published: May 2018

Cast white‐tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus antlers from the McAlester Army Ammunition Plant (McAAP) in southeastern Oklahoma were used to assess distributions of selected antler characteristics, illustrate variation in antler development in a white‐tailed deer population under a quality deer management program, and determine if harvest statistics accurately reflect antler characteristics of the population. We systematically searched cultivated food plots on the McAAP during the winter of 1995 for freshly cast antlers (N = 77). Gross scores of antlers averaged 41.9 but were slightly skewed (skewness = ‐0.283) towards larger antlers, suggesting that a large proportion of the population is comprised of mature animals (≥3.5 years). Mean beam length, basal circumference, and number of points were significantly greater among cast antlers than among antlers of deer harvested by hunters. These data illustrate the results of a management and harvest strategy designed to produce quality white‐tailed deer, and indicate that data collected from hunter harvested deer may not be representative of the population.
DESIGN OF DYNAMIC VOLTAGE RESTORER TO ENHANCE POWER QUALITY RELYING ON RENEWABLE SOURCE
Authors: Umran Haider
Published: May 2018

Power quality improvement of low voltage grid is a great challenge that confronts the sophisticated power applications, because their performance is highly sensitive to the quality of power supply. Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) used widely as an efficient and skillful device to adjust electrical disturbances of the distribution grids. This paper introduces an overview of the components of the 3-phase dynamic voltage restorer and design its own control circuit. The performance of DVR was developed on the basis of the appropriate selection of Photovoltaic (PV) module instead of the present conventional designs. Through this design, the need of series converter (DVR) for the current
Antibacterial activity of Crotalaria pallida Aiton. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Kiruthiga R. , Rakkimuthu R. , Aravinthan K. M.
Published: May 2018

Crotalaria pallida Aiton. Fabaceae has been used for the treatment of various diseases like. The aim of the present study is to assess antibacterial activity of methanolic leaves extract of Crotalaria pallida Aiton. Escherichia coli and Klebsilla pneumonieae showed maximum susceptibility 19±1 and 18.66±0.57 at 25 mg/ml concentration respectively while Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus showed less susceptibility 11±1, 11.33±1.5 and 15±1 at 25 mg/ml concentration respectively. Overall results have proved that C. pallida leaves posses significant antibacterial activity.
Antibacterial and Antioxidant activity of Benincasa hispida using Hydrogen peroxide scavenging model
Authors: Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Singh Rajni , Jha K. K. , B. Abhishek
Published: May 2018

The seeds of Benincasa hispida commonly known as ash gourd belonging to Cucurbitaceae family is employed as a main ingredient in kusmanda lehyam in Ayurvedic system of medicine. The seeds of Benincasa hispida mashed with milk or the various preparations from the pulp of fruit in the form of sweetmeats, like Kusmanda paka and petha are commonly used as a general tonic, aphrodisiac, rejuvenative and also a brain tonic. The plant of Benincasa hispida was collected from (Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, Dept. of ayush, Ministry of Health and F.W, Govt. of India New Delhi) Govt. Central Pharmacy Annex, Ashoka Pillar, Jayanagar Bangalore. The extracts were subjected to Antioxidant activity by In hydrogen peroxide-scavenging model, model acetone extract showed scavenging (80.1%) of hydrogen peroxide and chloroform extract showed ( 79%) in comparison with ascorbic acid ( 94.5% ). Antioxidant activity was carried out for extract (acetone, chloroform, and aqueous extracts) with Hydrogen peroxide-scavenging model. Acetonic extract showed more scavenging (80.1%) of Benincasa hispida and least scavenging was done by aqueous extract of (43%). After comparison with the standard drug (Ascorbic acid) showed (94.5%). From this it was conclused that acetone extract of Benincasa hispida showed high scavenging activity. Conclusively, the result revealed that Benincasa hispida seeds has antimicrobial activity and antioxidant activity which may be due to the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids constituents present in the sample.
Carcinosarcoma of oesophagus: A case report
Authors: Einstien Dinisha , Priavadhana R. , Parijatham B. O.
Published: May 2018

Oesophageal carcinosarcoma is a rare type of oesophageal cancer composed of both epithelial and mesenchymal components, occuring with an incidence of about 0.1-1.5 % of all oesophageal tumors. Most of the cases have been reported from Japan. Very few cases have been reported from India. We report a case of 65 year old female who presented with dysphagia and weight loss. Endoscopy revealed a bulky mass and the preliminary diagnosis was oesophageal carcinoma. On histology of the surgical specimen, the tumour revealed both epithelial and sarcomatous malignant cells. A tentative diagnosis of oesophageal carcinosarcoma was made. Immunohistochemical studies showed positivity for both pancytokeratin and vimentin thus confirming the diagnosis.
Evaluation of Cardioprotective effect of Coleus forskohlii against Isoprenaline induced myocardial infarction in rats
Authors: Ahsan Farogh , Siddiqui H. H. , Mahmood Tarique , Srivastav Ritesh Kumar , Nayeem Ahmad
Published: May 2018

Coleus forskohlii is an important ancient root drug of Indian origin, commonly known as gander in indian ayurvedic system of medicine. A lot of research work has been done on Coleus forskohlii regarding various cardiovascular disorders but no work has been done to find out its cardioprotective activity. Wistar albino rats were divided into five main groups having 5 animal each: Group 1 termed as Normal control (NC) received 0.5ml of normal saline throughout experimental period and served as control. Group 2 termed as Isoprenaline group (ISO) received 0.5ml of normal saline for 28 day and received Isoprenaline (85mg/kg, s.c.) on 29th and 30th day at an interval of 24 hours. Group 3 termed as Standard group (STD) received Metoprolol (pure) (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 28 day and received Isoprenaline (85mg/kg, s.c.) on 29th and 30th day at an interval of 24 hours. Group 4 termed as Test group 1 (TG 1) and Group 5 termed as Test group 2 (TG 2) received Coleus forskohlii (50 mg/kg/day, p.o.) (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 28 day and received Isoprenaline (85mg/kg, s.c.) on 29th and 30th day at an interval of 24 hours respectively. The experiment was terminated on 31st day and animal were sacrificed by cervical decapitation after an overnight fast. Blood was collected for estimation of biochemical parameter and heart was dissected out for grading, heart/weight ratio and histopathological examination.the the level of marker enzyme in serum as AST, ALT, LDH, CK, Troponin-I were significantly decreased (P 0.001) in rats pretreated with Coleus forskohlii when compared to that of group which received isoprenaline alone. Further, histopathological examination showed the reduction of necrosis, edema and inflammation following Coleus forskohlii pretreatment. Based on present findings, it is concluded that Coleus forskohliil may be a potential preventive and therapeutic agent against the myocardial necrosis associated ischemic heart disease.
Analysis of position of greater palatine foramen in central Indian adult skulls: a consideration for maxillary nerve block
Authors: Anjankar Vaibhav P. , Gupta S. D. , Nair Shema , Thaduri Naresh , Trivedi G. N. , Budhiraja Virendra
Published: May 2018

To anaesthetize posterior part of soft palate for various surgical procedures, knowledge of the position of the greater palatine foramen (GPF) is very important. Blocking of maxillary division of trigeminal nerve or its branches for local anaesthesia is common practice for maxillofacial surgeries. Objective: this study was aimed to determine the morphology of greater palatine foramen in relation to certain fixed points. Methodology: this study was conducted on 86 dry adult Indian skulls. All the measurements were done with vernier caliper accurate to 0.1 mm. Using flexible stainless steel wire direction of opening of GPF into oral cavity was noted. Results: In 73.26% cases, GPF is located opposite third maxillary molar tooth. Mean distance from GPF to the incisive fossa (IF) was found to be 35.9 mm. The mean distance between posterior margins of GPF to posterior border of hard palate was 3.4 mm. The distance between the GPF to the midline maxillary suture was 15.3 mm. In 74.42% cases, direction of opening of GPF was located antero-laterally. Arched palatal vault was found in 66.28% skulls. Conclusion: The location of greater palatine foramen is variable still in most of the cases it is located opposite third molar tooth and is directed antero-later.
Hepatoprotective potential of Trigonella foenum graecum in deltamethrin induced albino rats
Authors: Tripathi Uma Nath , Chandra Deepak
Published: May 2018

Objective: Aim of investigation focuses attention on hepatoprotective and antioxidative effect of aqueous extract of Trigonella foenum graecum (TFG) in hepatic tissue of deltamethrin fed rats. Methods: In a 45 days treatment, rats were divided into six groups (IVI) of six animals in each, experiments were repeated thrice. Group I served as control rats; Group II received TFG dose 1 (9 g seed powder/kg b. wt./day); Group III received TFG dose 2 (45 g seed powder/kg b. wt./day); Group IV received deltamethrin; Group V received both deltamethrin and TFG (9 g seed powder/kg b. wt./day) and Group VI received both deltamethrin and TFG (9 g seed powder/kg b. wt./day). Results: In the present study, higher dose of TGF did not affect the levels of hepatic marker enzymes, which suggests that this dose had no toxic effect on normal rats. Significant increases in the serum levels of hepatic markers enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AP) were observed in deltamethrin treated rats. Furthermore, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were decreased in hepatic tissue of deltamethrin treated rats. Additionally, serum cholesterol and hepatic lipid peroxidation were significantly enhanced. Co-administration of TFG and vitamin C to the group V and VI restored all the parameters cited above to near-normal values. Conclusion: The result obtained from present study revealed that TFG appeared to be a promising agent for protection against deltamethrin induced hepatotoxicity.
Evaluaton of hypoglycaemic activity of Aegel marmelos alcoholic seed extract in experimental models of hyperglycemic rats
Authors: Rashmi Smita , Sharma Kuldeep , Jha K. K.
Published: May 2018

The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of alcoholic seed extract of Aegel marmelos in comparison with glibenclamide in in vivo using alloxan rat model.The diabetic rats were orally given glibenclamide and alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos for 21 days. The effects were studied in vivo. Oral administration of alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos decrease the level of serum glucose, total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides(TG), low density lipoprotein (LDLP), very low density lipoprotein(VLDLP) significantly while increasing HDL-cholesterol. Alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos was also evaluated for oral glucose tolerance(OGTT) characteristics. In conclusion, alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos had potential antidiabetic activity. Further it has been observed that the seed extract have positive effect on liver and kidney parenchyma.
Evaluaton of hypoglycaemic activity of Aegel marmelos alcoholic seed extract in experimental models of hyperglycemic rats
Authors: Rashmi Smita , Sharma Kuldeep , Jha K K
Published: May 2018

The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of alcoholic seed extract of
Aegel marmelos in comparison with glibenclamide in in vivo using alloxan rat model.The
diabetic rats were orally given glibenclamide and alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos
for 21 days. The effects were studied in vivo. Oral administration of alcoholic seed extract of
Aegle marmelos decrease the level of serum glucose, total cholesterol (TCH),
triglycerides(TG), low density lipoprotein (LDLP), very low density lipoprotein(VLDLP)
significantly while increasing HDL-cholesterol. Alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos
was also evaluated for oral glucose tolerance(OGTT) characteristics. In conclusion, alcoholic
seed extract of Aegle marmelos had potential antidiabetic activity. Further it has been
observed that the seed extract have positive effect on liver and kidney parenchyma.
An overview of health concerns among elderly population
Authors: Biradar Santosh M. , Biradar Mallikarjun K. , Kamble V. S. , Reddy Shrinivas
Published: May 2018

Background: Urbanisation, nuclearisation of family, migration, and dual career families are making care of the elderly more and more of a personal and social problem in India. Objective: Assess the concerns about health issues among elderly people. Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study. Results: 64.4% of the elders were treated well and about 22.9% were treated very well during illness. 86.3% were consulted during illness. Son was the care taker in 55.6% of study subjects. 70.6% of elderly were consulted to allopathic practitioners / Govt Hospitals. Conclusion: It is the responsibility of family to look after elderly in respectful manner, especially during illness. The government should frame policies and provide social and economical security to elders.
Novel study in fast dissolving drug delivery system: a review
Authors: Gupta Sparsh , Mali Rakesh Roshan , Goel Vashali
Published: May 2018

Novel drug delivery systems are becoming increasingly sophisticated as pharmaceutical scientists acquire a better understanding of the physicochemical and bio-chemical parameters pertinent to their performance. Despite tremendous advancements in drug delivery, the oral route remains the perfect route for the administration. Novel drug delivery system assists to achieve better patient compliance. Fast dissolving tablets are one of them.FDT have benefits such as accurate dosing, easy portability and manufacturing, good physical and chemical stability and an ideal alternative for pediatric and geriatric patients. FDDT formulation combines the advantage of both liquid and conventional tablet formulation while also offering advantage over both traditional dosage forms. Some tablets are designed to dissolve in saliva remarkably fast, within a few seconds, and are true fast- dissolving tablets. Others contain agents to enhance the rate of tablet disintegration in the oral cavity, and are more appropriately termed fast-disintegrating tablets, as they may take up to a minute to completely disintegrate.
Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Manzo Lawaly Maman , Lawaly Moudirat , YU Lui
Published: May 2018

Aberrant increased expression and activation of receptor tyrosine kinases occur frequently in human carcinomas. Several small molecules targeting receptor tyrosine kinases, which have crucial roles in the growth factor signaling that promote tumor progression in various malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), are currently in clinical development. Therapeutic strategies include inhibition of growth factor tyrosine kinase function. Drugs of this type include those that target the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, those that target vascular endothelial growth factor receptors tyrosine kinase and those that target anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase. In this review we first discuss the role of receptor tyrosine kinases in human malignancies, and focus on discussing the potential use of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors tyrosine kinase inhibitors in NSCLC. In addition, we discuss the contribution of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors to the clinically observed resistance, and toxicity.
Small-scale screening program for the identification of cytotoxic Oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives based on Whole Cell Viability Assay
Authors: Manzo Lawaly Maman , Cheng Yijuan , Yang Ling , Liu Jiping , Deng Ya Hui , Sun Li Ping , Liu Yu
Published: May 2018

For over last couple of decades, there has been a robust activity aimed towards the discovery of novel anti-cancer therapeutics. An approach to identify starting points for new drug candidates is high throughput screening of compound library collection. In this work, we describe the application of a Tetrazolium-based, 96-well small scale screening assay to screen a mini library of 19 compounds bearing Oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine structures against human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Primary actives identified against HUVEC were retested and the IC50 value compounds were estimated for HUVEC. The screening program (Primary screening) identified 4 compounds with inhibition rate percentage ≥ 70% each. Retest screening of these compounds, taking into account criteria required for high cytotoxic compounds, afforded a panel of 1 compound for further biological analysis. This compound had IC50 value of 12.19µM, 12.16µM, 10.24µM, 20.43µM for HUVECs, SGC7901, MCF7, and HeLa respectively. Furthermore, a clonogenic assay was performed in order to confirm the cytotoxic activity of the selected compound on the survival and proliferation of MCF7. This compound was found to significantly effect the survival and proliferation of MCF7. Taken together, the selected compound, namely SCYJ32, was found to be highly cytotoxic against the numerous cell lines. Further studies are ongoing in order to unravel various mechanisms of action of this novel small compound.
Assesment of Roles and Responsibilities of ASHA workers in Bijapur taluk of Karnataka
Authors: J Shashank K , Angadi M M
Published: May 2018

The discourse on the ASHA's role centres around three typologies - ASHA as an activist, ASHA as a link worker or facilitator, and ASHA as a community level health care provider. She will counsel women on birth preparedness, importance of safe delivery, breastfeeding and complementary feeding, immunization, contraception and prevention of common infections including Reproductive Tract Infection/Sexually Transmitted Infection (RTIs/STIs) and care of the young child. A cross sectional study was done on 132 ASHA workers selected from 5 random PHCs in Bijapur taluk. Data was collected in a prestructured proforma using interview technique from June to October, 2012. Most of the ASHA workers were not aware about the newer roles and responsibilities been implied on them under various national programmes including the immunization guidelines and schedule. All the ASHA workers were aware about the performance based incentive for the their work in the community and its their right to claim that incentive. Under the cascade model of training to the ASHA, trainings should provide complete knowledge and skills to the trainees within the stipulated time. Quality of training should be enhanced and refresher trainings should be planned regularly.
Synchronization dynamics of two mutually coupled 555-IC based electronic oscillators
Authors: Santillán Moisés
Published: May 2018

We designed and implemented an electronic oscillatory system consisting of two mutually coupled oscillators (each one based on the 555-timer IC working in astable mode), and investigated its synchronization dynamics. For that purpose, we characterized the phase-lockingrhythms achieved in a large set of values of the uncoupled frequency ratio and of the coupling strength between both oscillators. We furtherdeveloped an ODE mathematical model that qualitative reproduces the obtained experimental results and provides further insight into thesystem behavior.
Study of the first Mexican RF linear accelerator
Authors: Valerio Lizarraga Cristhian Alfonso
Published: May 2018

In this work, the preliminary design of an electron linear particle accelerator (eLINAC) capable ofdelivering a beam within an energy range of 5 to 100 MeV using the S-band acceleration frequencyis presented. At its peak energy, it can be used as an injector for a synchrotron light source,independent free electron laser, or to generate neutrons. The eLinac will be separated into threebeam lines to deliver electron beams at dierent energies permitting the possibility of industrialapplications such as food irradiation, medical use, and national security.
Caracterización microestructural de una aleación Co-20% Cr solidificada en molde metálico
Authors: Ramírez Ledesma A. L. , López H. , Herrera R. , Juárez Islas J. A.
Published: May 2018

Se llevó a cabo la caracterización microestructural de la aleación Co-20% en peso de Cr solidificada en un molde metálico de cobre con una velocidad de enfriamiento de 450 K/s, la cual fue seleccionada de un grupo de aleaciones de Co-20 a 44% en peso de Cr, solidificadas sistemáticamente a diferentes velocidades de enfriamiento (130 a 450 K/s), previamente reportadas [1], con el propósito de presentar la microestructura resultante, la cual consistió de dendritas columnares sin la presencia de fase eutéctica o compuestos intermetálicos en regiones interdendríticas. Una velocidad de enfriamiento de 450 K/s fue suficiente para obtener dendritas columnares las cuales estuvieron compuestas por más de 90% de martensita HCP ε-Co, siendo el remanente la fase metaestable FCC γ-Co. Esta velocidad de enfriamiento permitió la generación de defectos tales como vacancias, dislocaciones y fallas de apilamiento. Estas últimas sirvieron como sitios de nucleación para el crecimiento de placas de martensita HCP γ-Co.
Student Perceptions of Veterinary Anatomy Practical Classes: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Gummery Erica , Cobb Kate A. , Mossop Liz H. , Cobb Malcolm A.
Published: May 2018

Using cadaveric material to teach veterinary students poses many challenges. However, little research exists on the contribution of this traditional approach to student learning. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate student perceptions of cadaver-based anatomy classes in a vertically integrated veterinary curriculum at the University of Nottingham's School of Veterinary Medicine and Science. Likert-scale statements and free-text boxes were used in a questionnaire distributed to second-year veterinary students (response rate 59%, 61/103). The same questionnaire was subsequently distributed to the same cohort 2 years later, in the students' fourth year of study (response rate 68%, 67/98). Students agreed that cadaver-based activities aid their learning, and they particularly value opportunities to develop practical skills while learning anatomy. There are few changes in perception as undergraduates progress to clinical years of teaching. Students perceive anatomy to be important, and feel that their learning has prepared them for clinical placements. This study emphasizes the importance of using cadaveric materials effectively in anatomy teaching and, in particular, using clinical skills training to enhance the anatomy curriculum.
Online Supplement B
Authors: Gagnon Jean-Paul
Published: May 2018

SUPPLEMENT B

2,234 Descriptions of Democracy:
An Update to Democracy’s
Ontological Pluralism
Online Supplement C
Authors: Gagnon Jean-Paul
Published: May 2018

SUPPLEMENT C

2,234 Descriptions of Democracy:
An Update to Democracy’s
Ontological Pluralism
A Minority within a Minority
Authors: Abulafia David
Published: May 2018

Anyone who observes the way the term 'Sephardi' is used will rapidly become aware that there is a fundamental contrast between its use to describe a group of second-class citizens in modern Israel, and its use to describe the creators of a 'Golden Age' in Spanish in the tenth and eleventh centuries. The modern Israeli press can even be found using the term 'Sephardim' to describe Jews from Ethiopia, Yemen and India, the first group of whom have never even lived under Muslim rule, and who have their own very distinctive traditions. In part, this turns on the confusion of terminology that was created by the emergence of two Chief Rabbinates in Israel, with one looking after the Ashkenazim, and the other, the Rishon le-Zion, concerned with Sephardim and the rest.
Sephardic Culture and Me
Authors: Kostelanetz Richard
Published: May 2018

In memory of my friend Diane Dietchman Tong (1943–1998), an independent scholar who wrote her MA on the Judeo-Spanish language commonly called Ladino. There is a rumour in my family that when I was born in 1940 my parents thought about sending out a card that would read, 'Now we present our son Dick, one part kike, some parts spic'. Politically correct before everyone else, so avant-garde were they, my parents decided instead to print a more conventional announcement of my arrival.
'. . . and Don't Forget to Water My Tomatoes'
Authors: Barford Wanda
Published: May 2018

Now I've reached the age you were when grandfather came back that morning to say they wanted the women too, and would you pack a small case and he'd go to the Cay Ancha to call a coach.
Language Usage in Anglo-Sephardi Jewry
Authors: Mitchell Bruce
Published: May 2018

Tracing the history of languages used among England's Sephardim, being the first study of its kind, presents a number of challenges. First and foremost, there is a severe lack of linguistic documentation prior to the seventeenth century, as Jewish communities were illegal on English soil between the mass expulsion of 1290 and the readmission under Cromwell in 1656. Although official records of the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue do give some indications of language usage between the readmission of Jews to England and the late nineteenth century, actual linguistic monuments are few.
Identity Structures of Religious Jews in Post-war Germany
Authors: Zielinski Andrea
Published: May 2018

The word 'identity' actually means 'absolute sameness'. Here, one speaks of 'self identity' or 'social identity'. Sharon Macdonald describes social identity as 'allegiance to people, group and often, place and past'. With regard to this topic we would rather say that identity is the process of assimilating to a norm regarded as given and static.
Berlin
Authors: Friedlander Albert H.
Published: May 2018

During the summer of 1999 the 'Süddeutsche Zeitung' ran a long series of articles entitled 'The Future in the Present'. This text (Number 28 in the series, somewhat altered) was entitled Der Bär kann noch viel Lernen – The Berlin bear still has a lot to learn.
Moses Benjamin Wulff
Authors: Heller Marvin J.
Published: May 2018

The phenomenon of the Court Jew does not cease to fascinate us. Our attention is at first drawn by the contrast of Jews as advisers and confidantes to princes and monarchs, not infrequently in a kingdom or duchy which otherwise forbade residence to Jews, or, if it did allow it, segregated them in ghettos with the concomitant disabilities that results from such a status. The image of these court factors (Hoffaktor, Hofjude) is further enhanced by their use of the trappings of the eighteenth century nobility, while, more often than not, they not only adhered to the faith of their fathers, but actively worked for and interceded on behalf of their co-religionists.
The Face of Janus
Authors: Sassenberg Marina
Published: May 2018

As the unification of contemporary Europe becomes a reality, new questions arise about a common cultural identity. In this context, research on a common European Jewish heritage has achieved wide public interest. Involving economic and political, cultural and religious, social and academic questions, the history of the Hoffaktoren, as they were called in German, was not constrained by European borders. It is the history of those entrepreneurs, bankers, politicians and diplomats, who served their princes throughout seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe, which serves perfectly as a research field relating to European identity. Though centred on Germany, Austria and Holland, the history of the Court Jews had a decisive influence on many other countries, such as Spain, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, Hungary, Italy, England and Ireland
And Till the Ghastly Tale Is Told: Sarah Kofman – Primo Levi
Authors: Rosenblum Rachel
Published: May 2018

The great catastrophes of history can be recognised through the paralysed silence which they leave in their wake, a silence which frequently is broken only to make way for the falsifications of memory. BEtween silence and falsification, a third path may be opened. For those who are capable of it, this path involves saying what happened, writing in the first person. This third possibility is doubly valorised. First of all, it offers a public testimony. It allows a truth which is unspeakable or not to be spoken to erupt onto the social scene. Secondly, it is meant to have a cathartic function. The author of the testimony would in this way be unburdening himself o a horror too heavy to bear. Put into words, his suffering would become something which could be shared. It is this sharing which will be discussed here, its power to grant peace. One may doubt this power.
Progressive Judaism beyond the Shoah
Authors: Buergenthal Thomas
Published: May 2018

Thank you very much for inviting me to participate in this conference. Because the subject of your conference is so very important, I feel I need to begin with a caveat: I am not a Holocaust scholar. As a university professor, I have devoted myself to international law and international human rights law rather than Holocaust studies, which has emerged, at least in the United States, as an academic discipline all of its own.
Book Reviews
Authors: Shire Michael J. , Friedlander Albert H.
Published: May 2018

God said Amen, Sandy Eisenberg Sasso, Vermont, Jewish Lights, June 2000, 32 pp., $16.95, ISBN 1-58023-080-6

University Over the Abyss: The story behind 485 lecturers and 2309 lectures in KZ Theresienstadt 1942-1944, Elena Makarova, Sergei Makarov, Victor Kuperman, Jerusalem, Verba Publishers, 2000, 472 pp., £20, ISBN 965-424-035-1

Ein Grundstück in Mitte: Das Gelände des künftigen Holocaust-Mahnmals in Wort und Bild. Editors: Rikki Kalbe and Moshe Zuckermann, Berlin and Tel Aviv, Wallstein Verlag, 2000, 93 pp., DM38, ISBN 3-89244-400-5

Random Harvest: The Novellas of Bialik, translated by David Patterson and Ezra Spicehandler, Westview Press, 1999, 299 pp., $28, ISBN 0-8133-6711-3