bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMMUNICATIVE ASPECT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING PROCESS
Authors: Volkova Liudmyla
Published: February 2022

The importance of forming foreign language communicative competence in the context of professional training has been ascertained for efficient usage in learning process of foreign language. The efficiency of communicative aspect in the educational process of higher education is proved, as it provide an opportunity to form professional skills of future professionals, involving them in intensive cognitive, intellectual and creative activity. Communicative activity is considered as a process of solving a number of professional tasks by students. This activity is aimed at achieving a common goal – training, education and personal development of a student. The aim of the communicative activity is the formation of foreign language communicative competence using of the theoretical material in solving professional problems. The importance of understanding the main structural elements of communicative activity have been ascertained for its efficient usage in learning process of foreign language. The article highlights the problems associated with different methods and techniques of communicative-based learning. The communicative activity approach of learning foreign languages is particular important. It is based on the fact that learning is a model of communication. The basic principles of its implementation as a communicative teaching method of speaking are analyzed. It should be noted that communicative and active approach to learning foreign languages is one of the most significant and effective. Through communicative methods, lessons can be more interesting and various. This means that students will have interest in further understanding and learning. Communicative nature of communication is that learning is a model of the communication process. Communicative orientation of learning process is a prerequisite of success in practical learning of a foreign language. Communicative activity approach is based on the fact that learning is a model of communication. The communicative method of teaching activities is based on the main principles which are analyzed below.
LINGUAL-RHETORICAL MEANS OF COMMUNICATIVE PERSONALITY: PRAGMATIC AND TRANSLATION ASPECTS
Authors: Voloshchuk Iryna , Belosytska Anna
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes rhetorical techniques, speech strategies based on the presentation of the new phone iPhone 13. The article deals with the concept of linguistic strategies, such as strategies of persuasion, strategy of information and intellectual setup, strategy for designing emotional states, which are the basic concepts of psycholinguistics. Language means of lingual-rethorical strategies and a number of basic concepts that construct certain states are investigated, such as positive emotions of happiness and love, negative states of sadness and fear or emotion of uncertainty, which cause doubt, and so on; they intend to induce various psychological emotions in the audience. Such strategies are used by marketers to achieve an effective impact on the addressee to provoke it to the desired action. The article revealed the concept of "suggestion" and found that the rhetorical strategy of communicative influence is realized through certain receptions, such as rhetorical questions, the use of estimation vocabulary and the use of conceptual metaphors. Rhetorical strategies for designing psychological states are also analyzed, they are implemented by rational arguments from experience or definitions and emotional arguments based on the values ​​of a particular audience.
STEREOTYPES OF REACTIONS IN ASSOCIATIVE FIELDS OF WORDS-STIMULI OF ADVERTISING VOCABULARY
Authors: Denysevych Olena
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of a free associative experiment with 105 words-stimuli of advertising vocabulary. The study was conducted in 2011 and 2012 among 732 students from different regions of Ukraine. The quantitative methods of calculation of stereotyping and diversity of reactions are applied. Stereotyping is defined as the process of formation, preservation and functioning of stereotyped word-stimulus relations and reactions in the minds of native speakers. The level of stereotyped determined as a percentage, which is three indicators of reaction of associative fields, or as the average number of different responses to the stimulus word. Results. Analyzed the associative field with high (word stimuli PROFIT) and the lowest (word stimuli DISCOUNT, NEW, STEREOTYPE) level of stereotyped and defined the key vectors of association. The most repeated reactions in associative fields of words-stimuli of the advertising vocabulary have he range from 40 to 355 times. The vectors of associating, object, subject and estimation, where the estimation can be both neutral and positive or negative, turned out to be common for these associative fields. For example, the word-stimuli DISCOUNT in the associative field has the advantage of positive evaluation, and the word- stimuli STEREOTYPE – negative. A high degree of diversity has associative stimulus fields of MUSIC and COLOR. Conclusion. Vectors of associating, which are distinguished on the basis of the degree of stereotyped reactions of the associative field, included in the core of language consciousness and allow to establish a typical for the average native speaker of the language "cultural core". To trace the persistence of stereotypical vectors of associating is possible with the mapping data, wherein a time of fixing. On the example of two associative fields, MUSIC and TIME saw how the content of the associative field changes over time, where reactions from the far periphery enter the nucleus and vice versa.
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN THE ORTHODOX CHURCH IN NEW REALITIES
Authors: Odarchuk Nataliia , Mironchuk Tetiana
Published: February 2022

The article focuses on the changes that have taken place in the sphere of non-verbal communication in the Orthodox Church with the onset of the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic. Such channels of nonverbal information transmission as kinesics, haptics, proxemics, paraverbals, tacesics, gastics have been analyzed. The conducted research reveals proxemics – the use of space as the most significant change, which was reflected in a significant reduction in the number of parishioners allowed to attend church services to 10-15 and the establishment of a social distance between them of at least 1,5-2 metres. The clothing, a visual sign, was complemented by a mandatory face mask for parishioners and priests. A kiss, as an element of haptics, has been forbidden since the beginning of quarantine restrictions, it is replaced by a kinesic nonverbal sign of a bow in front of icons, a cross, a chalice, or a priest as a symbol of reverence and awe. Gastic non-verbal channel is supplemented with a tacesic one – the use of palms when communing. Changes in chronemics are represented by delays in Liturgy on holidays. Paraverbal channel has undergone changes due to the quantitative reduction of most church choirs to a few singers, which has affected the sound quality of the hymns, as a result polyphonic party singing has been replaced by one- or two-part.
STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ENGLISH MOBILE TERMS
Authors: Dudok Khrystyna
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the structural-semantic analysis of the mobile communication term which is characterized by the presence of a stable invariant meaning and its variable meanings that are closely related to the words of common vocabulary. It is argued that in the process of analyzing the mobile communication terms it is necessary to take into account the abstract, generalized invariant feature in the language system and differential semantic features in the speech system that is the basis for the creation of an unlimited number of semantic concepts and in fact is the source of the word-forming potential of the term. The basis for the nomination of concepts in a special field is the invariant meaning of the term which remains unchanged in all contextual cases of its usage. In conclusion, it is noted that the mobile communication term due to the explication of its structural and semantic features represents in the professional language a stable unit of synthetic or analytical nomination, which is fixed by the relevant concept in the field of mobile communication and limited to a special field of usage.
THE PHENOMENON OF PANDEMIC VOCABULARY: FEATURES OF CORONALOGISM FORMATION AND THEIR TRANSLATION INTO THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Taranenko Larysa , Lazareva Mariia
Published: February 2022

The paper deals with the coronavirus neologisms in the English and Ukrainian languages which are now becoming widespread. English as a global language reflects the profound effect the outbreak of COVID-19 has had on the lives of people worldwide. Any living language, being a dynamic entity, adapts to changes occurring in the life and culture of its speakers. The coronavirus pandemic has caused the linguistic change and adoption of new phrases as a part of the emergency response to the disaster, such as coronacoma, morona, zoomping, covidient, Blursday etc., across the globe. According to the results of studying the development of the English language and emergence of new words due to the coronavirus pandemic as well as defining the ways of coronalogisms formation, it was found out that the most common language mechanisms of their creation are telescopy, abbreviation, and compounding, while the most frequent word-forming stems of these neologisms are the following: -covid-, -coron- and -quaran-. Due to the wide-spread use of English coronalogisms, the Ukrainian language has also been profoundly enriched by a number of their calque (coronapocalypse) or transliterated (covidiot) variants. Considering this, the article discusses and identifies the most effective ways of translating coronalogisms from English into Ukrainian. It was found out that the content of some coronaneologisms cannot be adequately conveyed in Ukrainian by transcription / transliteration or calquing only, so in most cases descriptive translation should be used. The paper also outlines the prospects for further study of lexical transformations caused by the pandemic in both English and Ukrainian.
LESYA UKRAINKA AND MYKHAYLO KRYVYNYUK: OSTROH CONTEXT
Authors: Kocherha Svitlana O.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk (1871-1944), a scientist, a writer, a teacher, and a member of the social-democratic movement, who left a significant heritage in Ukrainian history and culture of the late nineteenth – early decades of the twentieth century. The main task of the article is to outline Kryvyniuk’ biographical connection with Ostroh and to characterize the uniqueness of his friendship with Lesya Ukrainka. The article outlines the ancient phenomenon of brotherhood, the cult of which was re-actualized by Lesya Ukrainka. The main milestones of Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk's biography have been identified, using documentary materials that were not taken into account before. In the article, it is analyzed the letters of Lesya Ukrainka and members of her family to Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk in which there are numerous touches that characterize his worldview beliefs and moral qualities. The writer's relationship with her friend and later a relative (sister's husband) is described. Special attention is paid to Lesya Ukrainka's poems dedicated to her brother. The article is pervasive in understanding the role of Ostroh in the formation of Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk. Emphasis is placed on his studies at the Ostroh Gymnasium and his stay in the Ostroh prison. Lesia Ukrainka marked Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk as a "soul of Ostroh", which was manifested in his mentality, aesthetic tastes, and love for historical Volyn. The conclusions emphasize that Mykhaylo Kryvyniuk, a native of a peasant family from Ostroh region, became a representative of the Ukrainian elite at a young age. His civic stance led to persecution by the tsarist government and the totalitarian Stalinist system. With his qualities and deeds, Kryvyniuk earned the deep respect of Lesya Ukrainka and all members of her family, proving himself a man capable of chivalrous deeds.
System zarządzania jakością jako element logistyki produkcji w branży spożywczej
Authors: Janczewska Danuta , Janczewski Jerzy
Published: February 2022

W artykule przedstawiono wybrane problemy zarządzania jakością procesu produkcyjnego w przedsiębiorstwach przemysłu spożywczego. Na podstawie studium przypadku omówiono wybrane problemy i wymagania jakościowe zapewniające bezpieczeństwo produkcji w Indykpolu. Przedstawiono szczegółowe wymagania systemu HACCP dla produkcji i przetwórstwa mięsa drobiowego. Ważnymi zjawiskami w przemyśle spożywczym wpływającymi na przebieg procesu produkcyjnego są trendy w otoczeniu, takie jak zmieniające się gusta konsumenckie klientów, nowe surowce, rozwój technologii, wymagania środowiskowe. Przedstawiono wybrane mierniki jakości procesu produkcyjnego w badanym przedsiębiorstwie.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ORAL CAVITY OF PREGNANT WOMEN (OVERVIEW)
Authors: Чолокова Г.С. , Кенеева Ж.А.
Published: February 2022

В обзорной статье приведены литературные данные о факторах, оказывающих влияние на стоматологический статус беременных женщин. Первые клинические признаки гингивита беременных наиболее часто возникают на третьем (16,99%) – четвертом (14,52%) месяцах беременности. Распространённость и интенсивность кариеса зубов у женщин, имевших две беременности и более, увеличивается в зависимости от возраста. С увеличением количества беременностей увеличивается интенсивность кариеса и воспалительных заболеваний периодонта. Прогрессирование воспалительно-инфекционных заболеваний пародонта является фактором риска таких осложнений во время беременности и родов, как преждевременные роды, рождение ребенка с малым весом, плацентарная недостаточность, преэклампсия. В первом триместре гестационного периода при превышении в ротовой жидкости уровня лактоферрина выше 3,08 мкг/мл, снижении содержания кателицидина ниже 1,9 пг/мл риск развития рецидивирования кариеса зубов повышается. Скорость прироста кариеса у беременных взаимосвязана с гигиеной полости рта, концентрацией общего и активного кальция в ротовой жидкости и в целом организме, полноценным и сбалансированным питанием. Профилактика кариеса зубов и болезней пародонта у беременных преследует двоякую цель: улучшить стоматологический статус женщины и осуществить антенатальную профилактику кариеса зубов.

The review article provides literature data on factors influencing the dental status of pregnant women: age, duration and number of pregnancies, hormonal and immunological status, general condition of the body, state of oral hygiene, nutrition.The first clinical signs of gingivitis in pregnant women most often occur in the third (16.99 %) – fourth (14.52 %) months of pregnancy. The prevalence and intensity of dental caries in women who have had two or more pregnancies increases with age. With an increase in the number of pregnancies, the intensity of caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases increases.The progression of inflammatory and infectious periodontal diseases is a risk factor for complications during pregnancy and childbirth, such as premature birth, low birth weight, placental insufficiency, preeclampsia. In the first trimester of the gestational period, the risk of recurrent dental caries increases if the level of lactoferrin in the oral fluid exceeds 3.08 μg / ml, the content of cathelicidin decreases below 1.9 pg / ml,. The growth rate of caries in pregnant women is interrelated with oral hygiene, the concentration of total and active calcium in the oral fluid and the whole body, complete and balanced nutrition. Prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease in pregnant women has a twofold goal: to improve a woman’s dental status and to carry out antenatal prevention of dental caries.
POPULATION-GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE EASTERN SAND LIZARD (REPTIILIA, LACERTIDAE), ASSESSED BY ISSR-PCR AND IRAP-PCR MARKERS
Authors: Блохин И.Г. , Глазко В.И.
Published: February 2022

Впервые описаны участки гомологии в геноме восточной прыткой ящерицы к длинным концевым повторам эндогенных ретровирусов Sabrina и SIRE–1 и выполнен сравнительный анализ спектров продуктов амплификации фрагментов геномной ДНК Lacerta agilis exigua, полученных с использованием двух типов ДНК маркеров. Выполненные исследования свидетельствуют о том, что наибольший вклад в межпопуляционную дифференциацию вносят самцы по большинству исследованных геномных элементов.Выполненные исследования позволили выявить наиболее информативные показатели для описания популяционных структур и их динамики у восточной прыткой ящерицы.Можно ожидать, что по сравнению с другими методами для получения информации о популяционно – генетических отличиях с высоким разрешением удобнее использовать анализ изменчивости наиболее полиморфных геномных элементов, таких как эндогенные ретровирусы.

The regions of homology in the genome of the eastern darting lizard to long terminal repeats of endogenous retroviruses Sabrina and SIRE – 1 were described for the first time, and a comparative analysis of the spectra of amplification products of fragments of genomic DNA of Lacerta agilis exigua obtained using two types of DNA markers was performed. The studies performed indicate that the greatest contribution to interpopulation differentiation is made by males for most of the studied genomic elements.The studies carried out allowed us to identify the most informative indicators for describing population structures and their dynamics in the eastern darting lizard.It can be expected that, in comparison with other methods, it is more convenient to use the analysis of the variability of the most polymorphic genomic elements, such as endogenous retroviruses, to obtain information on population genetic differences with a high resolution.
ANALYSIS OF POSTURE IN BOYS OF THE SECOND CHILDHOOD PERIOD ACCORDING TO THE MASHKOV RHOMBUS WHEN PRACTICING MARTIAL ARTS
Authors: Прокопьев Н.Я. , Колунин Е.Т. , Ананьев В.Н. , Речапов Д.С. , Ананьева О.В. , Семизоров Е.А. , Гуртовой Е.С.
Published: February 2022

Занятия единоборствами у мальчиков г. Тюмени периода второго детства при анализе состояния позвоночника по ромбу Машкова показало их полное здоровье. По мере взросления мальчиков у них не было клинических признаков заболеваний позвоночника. Делается вывод, что занятие этим видом спорта полезно и стабилизирует рост и развитие позвоночного столба у мальчиков.

Annotation. Martial arts classes in the boys of the city of Tyumen during the second childhood, when analyzing the state of the spine according to the Mashkov rhombus, showed their complete health. As the boys grew older, they showed no clinical signs of spinal diseases. It is concluded that this sport is useful and stabilizes the growth and development of the spinal column in boys.
MODEL RANGES OF TWO-STROKE ENGINES WITH OPPOSITE PISTONS BY ACHATES POWER FOR ADVANCED CARS
Authors: Кузнецов Г.А. , Раилко М.Ю. , Петров Д.А.
Published: February 2022

В статье исследованы модели двухтактных двигателей с противоположно движущимися поршнями американской компании Achates Power мощностью от 65 до 484 л.с. В частности, представлены 8 моделей двигателей с количеством цилиндров от 1 до 4. Сформированы модельные ряды двухтактных двигателей для перспективных легковых и грузовых автомобилей. Приведены промышленные образцы двухтактных двигателей для этих автомобилей. Показано, что двигатели данного типа могут служить современной платформой для формирования модельных рядов мощных, экономичных и экологичных силовых установок транспортного машиностроения.

The article investigated models of two-stroke engines with opposite pistons of the American company Achates Power with a capacity of 65 to 484 hp. In particular, 8 models of engines with the number of cylinders from 1 to 4 are presented. Model ranges of engines for advanced cars and trucks have been formed. Industrial designs of two-stroke engines for these cars are given. It is shown that engines of this type can serve as a modern platform for the formation of model ranges of powerful, economical and environmentally friendly power plants of transport engineering.
CALCULATION OF THE DEGREES OF IONICITY OF A CHEMICAL BOND CATION IS A COMPLEX ANION
Authors: Байсангурова А.А. , Хубаева М.В. , Ильхаева З.С.
Published: February 2022

Предложен термохимический метод расчета степени ионности химической связи катион – комплексный анион, в котором в качестве исходных данных для расчетов используются термохимические (теплота сублимации, энергия атомизации, энтальпия образования) и кристаллохимические (межатомные расстояния, энергия решетки) характеристики конкретных химических соединений с комплексными тетраэдрическими анионами. Величины степеней ионности химической связи катион-комплексный анион, вычисленные термохимическим методом, отличаются от литературных данных, рассчитанных по методу электроотрицательности не более чем на 0.06.

A thermochemical method is proposed for calculating the degree of ionicity of the chemical bond cation – complex anion, in which the thermochemical (heat of sublimation, atomization energy, enthalpy of formation) and crystallochemical (interatomic distances, lattice energy) characteristics of specific chemical compounds with complex tetrahedral anions. The values​​of the degrees of ionicity of the chemical bond of the cation – complex anion calculated by the thermochemical method differ from the literature data calculated by the electronegativity method by no more than 0.06.
ESTIMATION OF THE STATIONARITY OF «WHITE» AND «PINK» NOISE IN AN ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEM
Authors: Сиротинский Ю.В. , Абатуров М.А.
Published: February 2022

Работа относится к общей теме исследования стационарных шумов в электрохимических системах. Рассматривается вопрос определения временного интервала стационарности, на котором допустимо выполнять статистическое накопление результатов измерения. Рассмотрение проводилось на примере реальных измерений шумов литиевого источника тока. Было установлено, что интервал стационарности зависит от частотного диапазона анализируемого сигнала. Был сделан вывод о необходимости проведения оценки стационарности с учетом частотного диапазона и характера спектра. Результаты будут полезны при проведении исследований в электрохимических системах.

The work relates to the general topic of the study of stationary noise in electrochemical systems. The question of determining the time interval of stationarity at which it is permissible to carry out statistical accumulation of measurement results is considered. The study was conducted on the example of real noise measurements of a lithium current source. It is established that the stationarity interval depends on the frequency range of the analyzed signal. It is concluded that it is necessary to evaluate the stationarity taking into account the frequency range and the nature of the spectrum. The results obtained will be useful in conducting research in electrochemical systems.
CHARACTERISTIC OF THE COMMUNITIES OF MACROZOOBENTHOS OF PRORVA LAKE (WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION, KAZAKHSTAN)
Authors: Сарманов А.Е. , Султанов Е.С. , Сергалиев Н.Х. , Кашеваров Г.С. , Фролова Л.А.
Published: February 2022

В работе приводятся результаты исследований состава зообентосных сообществ озера Прорва (Западно-Казахстанской область, Казахстан). За период исследовании выявлено 27 таксонов донных беспозвоночных из 6 классов. Анализируются показатели численности и биомассы гидробионтов, по составу и структуре зообентоса вычислены индексы разнообразия, сапробности и оценен уровень кормности озера.

The paper presents the results of studies of the composition of zoobenthos communities of Prorva lake (West Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan). During the study period, 27 taxa of benthic invertebrates from 6 classes were identified. The indices of the abundance and biomass of aquatic organisms are analyzed, the indices of diversity and saprobity are calculated according to the composition and structure of zoobenthos, and the level of feeding of the lake is estimated.
MECHANISMS OF HUMAN – PROBIOTIC INTERACTION
Authors: Cилина Н.И. , Чередниченко М.Ю.
Published: February 2022

Современные манипуляции с составом микрофлоры желудочно-кишечного тракта направлены на лечение ряда болезней, включая инфекции, а также воспалительные, аллергические и иммунологические заболевания. Важность пробиотиков в поддержании и укреплении здоровья человека отмечается многими учеными. Попав в желудочно-кишечный тракт, пробиотические бактерии имеют возможность воздействовать на деятельность кишечных бактерий с помощью различных механизмов, подавляющих их рост и развитие, а также влияющих на проницаемость кишечного барьера.

Modern manipulations with the composition of the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract are aimed at treating a number of diseases, including infections, as well as inflammatory, allergic and immunological diseases. The importance of probiotics in maintaining and strengthening human health has been noted by many scientists. Once in the gastrointestinal tract, probiotic bacteria have the ability to influence the activity of intestinal bacteria using various mechanisms that suppress their growth and development, as well as affect the permeability of the intestinal barrier.
MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE PREFRONTAL AND POSTERIOR ASSOCIATIVE CORTEX IN CHILDREN FROM BIRTH TO 6 YEARS OF AGE
Authors: Цехмистренко Т.А. , Васильева В.А. , Обухов Д.К. , Омар С. , Рыжакин С.М. , Черных Н.А.
Published: February 2022

С применением гистологических и количественных методик изучали структурные преобразования пирамидных нейронов и фиброархитектоники префронтальной и задней ассоциативной коры большого мозга у детей от рождения до 6 лет. Показано, что значимые микроструктурные преобразования отмечаются на первом году жизни, а также к 3 и 5 годам. Выявленные структурные изменения по темпам и срокам соответствуют основным возрастным этапам становления высших регуляторных механизмов мозговой деятельности с участием исследованных корковых формаций мозга детей.

Using histological and quantitative techniques, we studied structural transformations of pyramidal neurons and fibroarchitectonics of the prefrontal and posterior associative cortex in children from birth to 6 years of age. It was shown that significant microstructural transformations were observed in the first year of life, as well as by the age of 3 and 5 years. The revealed structural changes according to the rates and timing correspond to the main age stages of formation of the higher regulatory mechanisms of brain activity with the participation of the investigated cortical formations of children’s brains.
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT DEVELOPING A COMPREHENSIVE INDICATOR GAS-DYNAMIC ACTIVITY OF CARBON BEDROOMS
Authors: Киряева Т.А.
Published: February 2022

Приведен обзор существующих методов текущего прогноза выбросоопасности. Дан анализ нормативных методов текущего прогноза выбросоопасности. Установлен комплексный количественный энергетический показатель газодинамической активности угольного пласта. Структура и величина полученного комплексного показателя газодинамической активности позволяют выполнять зонирование углеметановых пластов по уровню их газодинамической активности, а установление значений показателя, при которых газодинамическая активность достигает уровня выбросоопасности, обеспечивает выделение зон с различными видами опасности.

The article provides an review of the existing methods for the current forecast of the emission hazard. The analysis of normative methods of the current forecast of outburst hazard is given. A complex quantitative energy indicator of gas-dynamic activity of a coal seam has been established. The structure and value of the obtained complex indicator of gas-dynamic activity make it possible to perform zoning of coal-methane seams according to the level of their gas-dynamic activity, and the establishment of the values​​of the indicator at which the gas-dynamic activity reaches the level of the outburst hazard also ensures the identification of zones with various types of danger.
REVOLUTION OF WALKING ROBOTS-MAKING HUMAN LIFEEASIER
Authors: Яроц В.В.
Published: February 2022

Проникновение шагающих роботов во все сферы жизнедеятельности человека. Замена человека в опасных условиях – антропоморфный робот. Почему в последнее время разработчики всё чаще стараются создавать подобных роботов и что даёт такая замена?

The penetration of walking robots into all spheres of human life. The replacement of a person in dangerous conditions is an anthropomorphic robot. Why recently, developers are increasingly trying to create such robots, and what does such a replacement give?
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF ICE FORMS IN TSAGI ICING WIND TUNNEL AHD-SD
Authors: Гаджимагомедов Г Г. , Жбанов В А. , Миллер А Б. , Николаев А А.
Published: February 2022

Полет в условиях обледенения приводит к изменению формы несущих поверхностей и, как следствие, изменению аэродинамических характеристик самолета. Образование и измерение форм льдообразований в лабораторных условиях является важной задачей для обеспечения безопасности полета и позволяет получить данные, необходимые для предсказания влияния обледенения на несущую способность самолета. Другим применением таких данных является проверка физико-математических моделей и программ, описывающих процессы обледенения в различных условиях. Для решения этой задачи требуется наличие наземных установок, позволяющих проводить лабораторные эксперименты в условиях обледенения. Таким образом, калибровка аэрохолодильных труб и отработка экспериментальных методик являются важными задачами для обеспечения безопасности полета ЛА. В данной статье приведены данные по калибровке аэрохолодильной трубы ЦАГИ АХТ-СД в условиях Приложения С к АП-25 [1], а также результаты работы по отработке методики ручной трассировки форм льда на аэродинамических поверхностях.

Flying in icing environment leads to a change in the shape of the aerodynamic surfaces and, as a consequence, to a change in the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft. The formation and measurement of ice shapes in laboratory conditions is an important task for ensuring flight safety and allows to obtain the necessary data to predict the effect of icing on the aerodynamic characteristics of an aircraft. Another application of such data is the verification of physico-mathematical models and programs that describe icing processes in various conditions. To achieve this goal, the availability of ground-based facilities is required, allowing laboratory experiments to be carried out under conditions corresponding to icing regulations. Thus, the calibration of icing wind tunnels and the development of experimental techniques become important tasks of flight safety improvement. In this article results on the calibration of the TsAGI icing wind tunnel AHT-SD in Appendix C to AP-25 [1] icing conditions, as well as the experimental results of acquiring ice shapes on aerodynamic surfaces using manual tracing technique are given.
ANALYSIS OF THE TRAJECTORY OF GRAIN MOVEMENT IN THE UPPER STAGE OF THE INJECTION PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
Authors: Савельева Е.В. , Журавлёв Д.М. , Шишлов С.А. , Шапарь М.С. , Чебаков Д.Д. , Лосев А.С.
Published: February 2022

В статье дано теоретическое обоснование влияния геометрических параметров разработанного загрузочного устройства нагнетательной пневмосистемы на траектории движения зернового материала в зоне его поступления. В результате получены математические модели горизонтальных и вертикальных составляющих траектории движения зерновки на разгонном участке.

The article provides a theoretical justification of the influence of the geometric parameters of the developed loading device of the injection pneumatic system on the trajectory of grain material in the zone of its arrival. As a result, mathematical models of the horizontal and vertical components of the trajectory of the grain in the acceleration section are obtained.
STRESS CONCENTRATION ON A CYLINDRICAL CAVITY IN A VISCOELASTIC MATERIAL UNDER THE ACTION OF A PLANE WAVE
Authors: Пашков А.В. , Гелюх П.А. , Иванов С.А.
Published: February 2022

Решается задача о концентрации напряжений на круглой цилиндрической полости при падении на нее плоской вязкоупругой волны. Решение осуществляется аналитически методом комплексных рядов Фурье в предположении, что длина импульса за фронтом падающей волны на порядок меньше диаметра цилиндрической полости. Это позволяет свести исходную задачу к задаче об отражении плоской волны от свободной поверхности при переменном угле падения волны.Приводится сравнение полученных результатов с результатами эксперимента, выполненного методом динамической фотоупругости

The problem of stress concentration on a circular cylindrical cavity when a plane viscoelastic wave falls on it is solved. The solution is carried out analytically by the method of complex Fourier series under the assumption that the pulse length behind the incident wave front is an order of magnitude smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical cavity. This allows us to reduce the original problem to the problem of the reflection of a plane wave from a free surface at a variable angle of incidence of the wave. The obtained results are compared with the results of the experiment performed by the method of dynamic photoelasticity
POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF EMOTION AND MEMORY IMPAIRMENT IN COVID-19
Authors: Александрин В.В.
Published: February 2022

Предполагается, что мотивация возникает при активации мотивационного нейрона (М). орбитофронтальной коре. Проекции. мотивационного нейрона притормаживают активность дофаминергических нейронов прилежащего ядра, что переживается как отрицательное эмоциональное состояние. При встрече. любым значимым стимулом. который ранее предшествовал удовлетворению имеющейся мотивации, проекция энграммы этого стимула. височной коры временно притормаживает мотивационный нейрон. Активность прилежащего ядра повышается, что переживается как временный пик положительной эмоции. Мотивационый нейрон обеспечивает удержание значимого стимула. зоне внимания благодаря циклу Иваницкого: фронтальная кора-гиппокамп-височная кора-фронтальная кора. Гиппокамп вытормаживает сопутствующие сигналы на уровне выходных нейронов височной коры,что устраняет их возможное интерферирующее влияние на значимые стимулы .Происходит временное удержание выбранной энграммы памяти. височной коре. При поражении вирусом COVID-19 септума гиппокамп частично лишается источника тета-ритма, что приводит. его недостаточной эффективности. Работа цикла Иваницкого нарушается. значимые стимулы начинают вытормаживаться сопутствующей информацией что приводи. нарушению удержания памятного следа. системе: височная кора- мотивационный нейрон.

It is assumed that motivation occurs when. motivational neuron is activated in the orbitofrontal cortex.Projections from the motivational neuron slow down the activity of the dopaminergic neurons of the nucleus accumbens, which is experienced as. negative emotional state.When encountering any significant stimulus that previously preceded the satisfaction of the existing motivation, the projection of the engram of this stimulus from the temporal cortex temporarily slows down the motivational neuron .The activity of the nucleus accumbens increases, which is experienced as. temporary peak of positive emotions. The motivational neuron keeps. significant stimulus in the attention zone thanks to the Ivanitsky cycle: frontal cortex-hippocampus-temporal cortex-frontal cortex. The hippocampus inhibits concomitant signals at the level of the output neurons of the temporal cortex, which eliminates their possible interfering effect on significant stimuli .There is. temporary retention of the selected memory engram in the temporal cortex .When the COVID-19 virus affects the septum, the hippocampus is partially deprived of the source of the theta rhythm, which leads to its insufficient effectiveness.The work of the Ivanitsky cycle is disrupted and significant stimuli begin to be inhibited by accompanying information, which leads to. violation of the retention of. memory trace in the system: the temporal cortex.. motivational neuron.
VERONICA GRAY (VERONICA INCANA L.): CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND APPLICATION
Authors: Чемпосов В.В. , Уваров Д.М. , Чирикова Н.К.
Published: February 2022

В современно мире особым интересом населения, пользуются лекарственные препараты, полученные из натуральных растительных компонентов. Данные препараты имеют ряд преимуществ перед своими синтетическими аналогами. В связи с этим необходимы новые источники получения биологически активных веществ. Целью исследования является изучение химического состава Veronica incana и ее применения местным населением. В статье приводятся результаты химического состава вероники седой (Veronica incana), произрастающей в Якутии. Результаты качественных реакций показали накопление в траве V. incana фенольных соединений, дубильных веществ, флавоноидов, кумаринов и иридоидов. Проведен количественный анализ общего содержания фенольных (водное – 37,698±0,073%; спиртовое – 9,186±0,098%), дубильных (водное – 4,133±0,379%, спиртовое – 5,533±0,625%) соединений и флавоноидов (спиртовое – 1,078±0,043%) в надземной части V. incana. А также проведен небольшой опрос травников о применении V. incana в народной медицине якутов.

In the modern world, medicines obtained from natural herbal ingredients are of particular interest to the population. These drugs have a number of advantages over their synthetic counterparts. In this regard, new sources of biologically active substances are needed. The aim of the study is to study the chemical composition of Veronica incana and its use by the local population. The article presents the results of the chemical composition of Veronica incana growing in Yakutia. The results of qualitative reactions showed the accumulation of phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, and iridoids in V. incana grass. A quantitative analysis of the total content of phenolic (water – 37.698 ± 0.073%; alcohol – 9.186 ± 0.098%), tanning (water – 4.133 ± 0.379%, alcohol – 5.533 ± 0.625%) compounds and flavonoids (alcohol – 1.078 ± 0.043%) in the aerial part of V. incana. And also a small survey of herbalists on the use of V. incana in the Yakut folk medicine was carried out.
MODEL RANGES OF TWO-STROKE ENGINES OF ACHATES POWER FOR ADVANCED MILITARY VEHICLES
Authors: Кузнецов Г.А. , Петров Д.А.
Published: February 2022

В статье исследованы модельные ряды двухтактных двигателей с противоположно движущимися поршнями компании Achates Power. В частности, представлены 3 модельных ряда с 8 компоновками двигателей мощностью от 300 до 5000 л.с. для перспективных транспортных средств военного назначения. Приведены промышленные образцы двигателей для этой техники. Показано, что двигатели данного типа могут служить современной платформой для формирования модельных рядов эффективных и экологичных силовых установок.

The article investigated model ranges of two-stroke engines with opposite pistons of Achates Power. In particular, there are 8 model ranges with 8 engine layouts with a capacity of 300 to 5,000 hp for promising military vehicles. Industrial models of engines for this technique are presented. It is shown that engines of this type can serve as a modern platform for the formation of model ranges of efficient and environmentally friendly power plants.
FEATURES OF CREATING END-TO-END AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LOW-TOXIC TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Authors: Ларькина Н.И. , Романова Н.К. , Саломатин В.А.
Published: February 2022

Табачная отрасль – одна из отраслей агропромышленного комплекса Российской Федерации, включающая в свой состав растениеводческое производство табака и табачного сырья, а также промышленную переработку сырья и производство табачных изделий. Главной задачей отрасли является обеспечение населения высококачественной и низкотоксичной табачной продукцией.В России употребляют табачные изделия 30–35 млн. человек, поэтому отрасли уделяется особое внимание из-за специфичности продукции.Научные особенности создания и организации сквозных аграрно-пищевых технологий для табачной отрасли разрабатываются с конечной целью – изготовление конкурентоспособных табачных изделий пониженной токсичности, что позволит обеспечить повышение эффективности отрасли и безопасности продукции.

The tobacco industry is one of the branches of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation, which includes the crop production of tobacco and tobacco raw materials, as well as the industrial processing of raw materials and the production of tobacco products. The main task of the industry is to provide the population with high-quality and low-toxic tobacco products.In Russia, 30–35 million people use tobacco products, so the industry is given special attention due to the specificity of the products.The scientific features of creating and organizing end-to-end agricultural and food technologies for the tobacco industry are being developed with the ultimate goal of producing competitive tobacco products with reduced toxicity, which will ensure an increase in the efficiency of the industry and product safety.
ПОПУЛЯРНЫЕ БИБЛИОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ ПО ПСИХОЛОГИИ КАК СРЕДСТВО РАЗВИТИЯ ИНТЕРЕСА К ЧТЕНИЮ У СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ
Authors: Губина Е.В. , Решетникова О.В.
Published: February 2022

Целью прикладного исследования является создание популярной библиографической продукции по психологии как средства развития интереса к чтению. В статье подробно освещены научные подходы и методика составления двух работ: «Психология для всех. Ресурсы Интернета: ежегодно обновляемый обзор» и «100 книг по психологии для модельных библиотек». Научная новизна заключается в формировании принципов отбора из книжного массива и сети Интернет содержательных, доступных и научно достоверных психологических ресурсов с учетом широкого читательского адреса. В результате сделаны выводы о возможностях представленных ресурсов в повышении интереса к чтению у современной молодежи, а также в популяризации гуманитарного психологического знания.
Assessment of Predicting Frontier Orbital Energies for Small Organic Molecules Using Knowledge-Based and Structural Information
Authors: Ye Zong-Rong , Hung Sheng-Hsuan , Chen Berlin , Tsai Ming-Kang
Published: February 2022

A systematic comparison is demonstrated for the predictions of frontier orbital energies – HOMO (EH), LUMO (EL), and energy gap (ΔEHL) of the molecules in QM9 dataset, where it contains 120k-plus three-dimensional organic molecule structures determined by first-principle simulations. The target molecular properties (EH, EL, and ΔEHL) are predicted using the linear regression (LR), machine learning (random forest, RF), and continuous-filter convolutional neural network (SchNET) approaches. LR and RF models built upon various knowledge-based descriptors, being derived from SMILES of the molecules, can provide predictivity of the target properties with the mean-absolute-errors (MAEs) at 4-6 times of chemical accuracy (0.043 eV). The best approach – SchNET, using the graph representation derived from molecular Cartesian coordinates, is confirmed to provide MAEs of EH, EL, and ΔEHL at 0.051, 0.041, and 0.076 eV, respectively. With the introduction of bond-step matrix representation with SchNET model, the computational cost of dataset preparation can be substantially reduced, and the corresponding MAEs increases moderately to 2-3 times of chemical accuracy. The chemical interpretation of the important descriptors identified in the LR and RF models appear to align with the chemical knowledge of describing these molecular electronic properties, however, being accompanied with tolerable prediction errors. The combination of bond-step representation and SchNET model can provide an assessable-and-balanced option for the high-throughput screening of organic molecules and the preparation of data science approach.
Got Coke? Self-Limiting Poisoning Makes an Ultra Stable and Selective Sub-nano Cluster Catalyst
Authors: Li Guangjing , Poths Patricia , Masubuchi Tsugunosuke , Morgan Harry W. T. , Alexandrova Anastassia N. , Anderson Scott L.
Published: February 2022

Supported sub-nano clusters hold great promise as economical and highly active catalysts. However, they tend to deactivate rapidly by poisoning and sintering, impeding their widespread use. We find that self-limiting poisoning can stabilize and promote cluster catalysis, i.e., poisoning is not always detrimental, but can sometimes be exploited. Specifically, Pt-Ge alloy clusters supported on alumina undergo slow coking (carbon deposition) under conditions of thermal dehydrogenation, yet preserve strong binding sites. For the case of Pt4Ge/alumina, theory shows a number of thermally populated isomers, one of which catalyzes carbon deposition. Because the clusters are fluxional at high temperatures, this isomer acts as a gateway, slowly converting all the clusters to Pt4GeC2. The surprising result is that Pt4GeC2 is highly catalytically active and selective against further coking, i.e., coking produces functional, stable catalytic clusters. Ge and C2 have synergistic electronic effects, leading to efficient and highly selective catalytic dehydrogenation that stops at alkenes, and improving stability. Thus, under reaction conditions, the clusters develop into a robust catalyst, suggesting an approach to practicable cluster catalysis.
Metal Coordination Determines the Catalytic Activity of IrO2 Nanoparticles for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: González Danilo , Sodupe Mariona , Rodríguez-Santiago Luis , Solans Monfort Xavier
Published: February 2022

H2 production through water electrolysis is a promising strategy for storing sunlight energy. For the oxygen evolution reaction, iridium oxide containing materials are state-of-the-art due to their stability in acidic conditions. Moreover, precious metal content can be reduced by using small nanoparticles that show high catalytic activities. We performed DFT calculations on a 1.2 nm large IrO2 Wulff-like stoichiometric nanoparticle model (IrO2) with the aim of determining the factors controlling the catalytic activity of IrO2 nanoparticles. Results show that at reaction conditions tetra- and tricoordinated iridium centers are not fully oxidized, the major species being IrO(OH) and IrO(OH)2, respectively. Moreover, the computed overpotentials show that low coordinated iridium centers are more active than the pentacoordinates sites of the well-defined facets. These low coordination sites are likely more abundant on amorphous nanoparticles, which could be one of the factors explaining the higher catalytic activity observed for non-crystalline materials.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR ANEKDOT DARING MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA GAMBAR BERBASIS ANIMASI DI SMA KABUPATEN JEPARA
Authors: Winarya Agung , Asrofah Asrofah , Umaya Nazla Maharani
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar anekdot dengan media gambar berbasis animasi daring di SMA Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Reseach and Development oleh Borg dan Gall. Hasil penilaian validasi pakar ahli menunjukkan presentase keseluruhan yang didapat adalah 80 % atau jika dikonversikan ke dalam kriteria atau kategori mendapat predikat layak diujicobakan. Setelah divalidasi, bahan ajar diujicobakan di sekolah uji coba dan mendapatkan penilaian guru bahasa Indonesia di dua sekolah tersebut, didapatkan hasil yaitu kelayakan penyajian bahan ajar bagi guru mendapat nilai 86%, sedangkan aspek penerapan materi anekdot bagi siswa mendapat nilai 87% atau jika dikonversikan ke dalam kriteria atau kategori mendapat predikat layak. Nilai anekdot di dua sekolah secara keseluruhan terdapat 56 peserta didik yang nilainya di atas 70 sesuai kriteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM) di dua sekolah tersebut. Artinya, dari jumlah 56 peserta didik rata-rata sudah tuntas dalam kompetensi menulis anekdot. Dari data yang telah dianalisis, disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan dikategorikan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.