bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
System Design and Development of MQL Unit for Hard Machining Application: A Review
Authors: Sidabutar R A , Ginting A , Sutarman
Published: December 2020

A well-known technique in machining process is cutting under wet machining. It is widely accepted with benefit of increasing productivity and quality in metal cutting. However, the adverse effect of using cutting fluids in wet cutting is now considered as environmental pollution. An alternative method is needed to hinder the hazardous aspect of cutting fluids. The purpose of this paper is aimed to discuss the system design and development of a minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) that activated based on the evolution of tool wear. The MQL unit is expected to replace wet cutting but maintain its benefit or when possible achieving higher performance than wet cutting. Based on the review of references, this paper confirms the advantages and suitablility of MQL system to contribute productivity and cost-reduction due to longer tool life, better surface finsh, and besides, the safe and environmentally friendly.
The experimental study of thermoelectric cooler performance in Medan city
Authors: Lubis Z , Sitorus T B , Ariani F , Christopel B
Published: December 2020

The research purpose is to determine the performance of thermoelectric cooler boxes driven by solar power through photovoltaic devices. The research method was conducted experimentally. The designed thermoelectric cooler has dimensions of 1032 x 676 x 25 mm. The cooler box testing is carried out for several days, starting at 09.30-16.00 WIB with varying weather conditions in June 2020 in the Medan city. The installation of solar panel modules is carried out in locations not obstructed by buildings or other objects. The cooling load in the form of fruit and beverage cans is put in the box cooler. The test results showed that the minimum temperature of fruits and the minimum canned drinks obtained in the test were 25.63°C and 26.58°C, with an environmental temperature of 33,21°C. The values of the coefficient of performance obtained during testing ranged from 0.051 to 0.101.
Design and Build for Car Radiator Test Equipment with Capacity of 1300 Cc and 1000 Cc
Authors: Ginting Terang U. H. S. , Sitorus Tulus B. , Trisna Sukrika Ihya
Published: December 2020

This research aims to design and build a radiator test equipment for cars with engine capacity of 1300 cc and 1000 cc. This tool can regulate the mechanism of the flow rate of air passing through the radiator, and the flow rate of water that integrates into the radiator which is useful for generating valid test data. This tool can read the ability of the car radiator to reduce the heat from the car engine and get the results of testing the car radiator using the temperature acquisition data tool. Car radiator test equipment was equipped with air conditioning and venturi meter. This study used the SNI 07 2054 elbow profile iron frame with a dimension of 40 x 40 x 4 mm to withstandthe load from the airways and blow on it. The time needed to heat the water from an initial temperature of 27 °C to 80 °C with 20 liters of water and water heaters with 1000 watts of power is 37.1 minutes.
Work Load Analysis of Phosphoric Acid Filling Activities Using Ovako Working Analysis System (OWAS) Method
Authors: Ginting Rosnani , Suwandira Bayu
Published: December 2020

PT. XYZ runs a palm oil processing plant (CPO) into its derivative products with a refinery and fractionation process with a capacity of 600,000 tons per year. The technology used in the process of refinery and fractionation has been done automatically. However, the filling of auxiliary materials is still done manually, specifically in filling the auxiliary material Phosphoric Acid into the tank. This activity is carried out continuously can cause the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in workers. To ensure this, the distribution of the Nordic Body Map questionnaire was carried out to determine the complaints experienced by workers in these activities. in this case the analysis was carried out using the OWAS (Ovako Working Analysis System) method by providing output in the form of work attitudes that are at risk of occupational accidents in the musculoskeletal section. From the results of data processing, it is obtained category 3, where repairs need to be done as soon as possible / as soon as possible. For that reason the authors propose three improvements, namely the operation of TK 300, using a forklift, and designing work facilities.
Risk Analysis for Occupational Safety and Health In Manufacturing Company Using FMEA And FTA Methods: A Case Study
Authors: Fithri P , Nofriyanti  , Hasan Alizar , Kurnia Ismail
Published: December 2020

In the world of work, health, and safety (WHS) are essential. WHS is an effort to create a safe and healthy workplace to minimize the occurrence of workplace accidents. Companies in manufacturing have a lot of potential risks of work accidents. This research aims to identify the risk of work accidents in the process of manufacturing services. Identification is made that is looking for the highest value of work accident risk, using the FMEA method and looking for factors causing the risk of accidents. The results of the FMEA method carried out on the loading work of unloading cruid oil of PT Grand Kartech, Tbk. There were 45 potential workplace accidents. Potential work accidents that have the highest level of risk are that employees fall into the PIT, with a Risk Priority Number (RPN) value of 25. From these incidents, factors that can cause workplace accidents using the FTA method that has been used there are three factors: human, environmental, and material factors.
Ergonomics Evaluation of Manual Material Handling Activities in the Section of Feeding Laying Hens at Poultry Farm
Authors: Putri N T , Zadry H R , Mahata M E , Amrina E , Yuliandra B , Humaida N
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the activity of feeding laying hens at poultry farm. Observations were made of all workers in charge of providing animal feed totaling 13 workers. The work observed was the process of loading animal feed on baskets until the final distribution. The evaluation was based on the results of the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, physiological workload measurements, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) lifting calculations. The worker’s physiological workload was taken into account, and it revealed that there has been an increase in work pulse rate obtained Cardiovascular Load (%CVL) is in the range of 58%-72% and the energy consumption of workers ranges from 4.10-6.59 Kcal/minute. Thus, physiologically the work activities carried out by the feeding workers are categorized as moderate work, and it is necessary to improve the work activities. Meanwhile, evaluation using the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and Lifting Index (LI) in the process of animal feed showed RWL values ranged from 8.61 kg-10.19 kg, and LI values ranged from 1.87 to 2.50. This number is beyond the limit for manual lifting.
Risk Analysis of Occupational Accidents and Occupational Diseases Using the JSA (Job Safety Analysis) Method
Authors: Ishak Aulia , Buchari  , Asfriyati  , Nainggolan Bagas
Published: December 2020

PT. Pamapersada Nusantara was established as a company engaged in the coal mining contracting business which was later also trusted to work on gold, quarry, limestone, clinker, dam construction and road construction. Many problems that occur at PT. Pamapersada Nusantara TCMM District, which are: Factory layout and irregular flow patterns, technologies that are still operated manually, risk of work accidents and occupational diseases. From these problems one problem is taken, namely the risk of work accidents and occupational diseases to be appointed as a special task and discussed and sought solutions to the problem. Based on data, it is known that most often occurs in the Plant Department, therefore prevention is needed. We use the JSA (Job Safety Analysis) method to analyze the identification and prevention of activities at the reception station sorting section. Job Safety Analysis is a method of analyzing hazards / potential hazards at each work step or work procedure and determining recommendations for improvement or how to prevent hazards so that work can be carried out safely. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of work for workplace accidents on the employees of PT. Pamapersada Nusantara uses Job Safety Analysis (JSA).
Ergonomics Analysis of Luggage Trolley for Airport Using Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) in Virtual Environment Modelling
Authors: Rosetta Alga , Witjaksono M Aldi , Muslim Erlinda , Nurtjahyo Moch Boy
Published: December 2020

On the science of ergonomics, pushing trolley activity is the type of pushing tasks. Pushing the trolley activities with a given number of loads on it raises the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and discomfort in the body. This study tried to study a series of movements of pushing trolleys and study the ergonomic aspects that affect the posture of the trolley user using simulation in virtual environments. The study was conducted on five types of trolleys with the differences on size dimensions. The goal of this study is to get the kind of trolley which is ideal the operators. Valuation of the work posture done by evaluate the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) for each trolley. PEI will integrate the assessment results of Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis (OWAS), and the Lower Back Analysis (LBA) from the task analysis toolkits contained in the Jack 6.1 software into a score that can give you the actual condition of a person while using the trolley. The results of this study can be used as consideration in choosing trolleys with types and dimensions that really exists in this world that according to the ergonomic aspects of the Indonesian human body.
Eye tracking analysis of airport flight information display system (FIDS) to improve the information search efficiency
Authors: Melissa Emanuele , Theopilus Yansen
Published: December 2020

Air transportation is one mode of transport with a large economic contribution to Indonesia (38,12%). The airport must ensure to provide the best service, especially the efficiency of information given. Flight Information Display System (FIDS) is one substantial information system in the airport and aims to increase communication efficiency about the flight information. Based on the preliminary research, the airport’s FIDS showed different visual design one to another. Therefore, this research aims to analyze it to improve information search efficiency. The research used full factorial design as the experimental design method, eye tracker as the data gathering, and mixed-design ANOVA with post hoc test as the data analysis. We involved 3 factors that have a strong correlation with FIDS searching time efficiency: color combination of background and text, row arrangement, and column arrangement. As the measure, time to first fixation and total fixation used to indicate the information search efficiency. Data analysis generated 2 variables that improved information search efficiency on both data, except the row arrangement (only on Total Fixation data). The intended variable levels are dark color background and light color text, row arrangement based on the alphabetic order of the “Flight” column, and column arrangement “Flight-Time-Destination”.
UDP Checksum Field Usage for Sensor Data
Authors: Suherman S , Fahmi F , Al-Akaidi Marwan , Al-Khowarizmi
Published: December 2020

User datagram protocol (UDP) is widely used to send real time data which is not sensitive to packet loss such as short period sensor data. Since UDP header provides checksum field, this field can be used for increasing the UDP performance, for instance, providing partial error check service such as in UDP-Lite. The checksum field can also be used for encryption key transfer for dynamic encryption system to provide more secured datagram. This paper examines UDP checksum usage for either error check or security key exchange. UDP-Lite works well for erroneous environment by suppressing packet loss up to 4%. But encryption key distribution may be a good option as it provides more secure data, mainly in lossless environment, where packet loss is less than 1%. For losses traffic tolerant, UDP is a good choice if low delay is desired.
Quality Control Analysis With Lean Six Sigma Approach and Weighted Product Method (case study: XYZ Company)
Authors: Siregar Khawarita , Ishak Aulia , Christin Sara
Published: December 2020

PT. XYZ is a company engaged in the rubber processing industry. The production process at XYZ company is wasteful in the form of non-value-added activities. The types of non-value added activities contained in the production process are delays (waiting time), transportation, and defective products. In producing packing sterillizer, the company has a defective product there are bent, effervescence, and porous. The percentage of defect is 6.74%. Based on interviews with the company the tolerance given is 5%. This research uses lean six sigma approach and weighted product method. Activities that have no added value are waiting for compound activities to cutting station and transportation for packing sterilizer to cutting station. After estimating the improvement, an increase in sigma level is obtained, namely 3.51 to 3.65.
Designing Inventory Models to Minimize Total Inventory Costs by Using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) in the Warehouse of MRO Materials
Authors: Kusuma R I , Hakim I M
Published: December 2020

In this study, the problem that happen in the object of research is the company’s target which is Inventory Turn Over. These problems occur because the companies tend to decide to store materials in large quantities so there is no potential for material shortages that can disrupt maintenance activities. However, the large amount of storage creates risks such as high holding costs and the risk of damage. One way to solve inventory management problems is to make efficient decisions on order quantity (Q) and message time (T) so that a minimum total inventory cost is obtained without hampering maintenance activities. To achieve that, the method used in this study is ABC classification to determine the material classification that needs to be prioritized and Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) to get a minimum total inventory cost. From this research, it is known that there are 9 types of materials that fall into category A out of 150 types. In addition, the total quantity of order (Q) and order time (T) results of the model is able to minimize the total inventory cost to IDR127,610,000
Quality Assessment Using Quality Loss Function Method in PT. QRS
Authors: Siregar Khawarita , Ishak Aulia , Ariani Farida , Spencer Richard
Published: December 2020

The process of production affects the quality of the products produced. Related to this, good quality control is needed to improve product quality. This quality control can be done by improving methods or production processes that reduce product quality. PT. QRS is one of the companies engaged in the manufacturing of zinc coated steel sheets. The problem in the company is to see if variation from the product can lead to additional cost or loss in the company. Based on these problems, it is necessary to calculate the losses due to variations in the dimensions of the product in which the company must pay to achieve the desired specifications. To find out the initial problem we can analyze with Taguchi’s Quality Loss Function. Based on calculations, it was found that the value of the process capability index for the long dimension obtained was Cp = 0,5556. From the calculation of the company’s loss data, it was obtained at Rp. 17.111.796/month.
Distribution Testing On The Average Room Occupancy Rate Of Hotels By Province In 2013-2017
Authors: Siregar Khawarita , Ishak Aulia , Esterlita Marcelina
Published: December 2020

Data on Average Room Occupancy Rate of Hotels by Province in 2013-2017 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency. The Average Data of Hotel Room Occupancy Rate by Province in 2013-2017 is continuous data. This data will be tested using 4 types of continuous distribution data, normal, exponential, lognormal, and gamma distribution. This data processing uses Minitab software to determine the opportunity value of BKA and BKB. This distribution test uses a hypothesis where if there is no data in accordance with the distribution used, further data processing will be carried out to determine what type of distribution is in accordance with the continuous data using EasyFit Software. Meanwhile, if the data matches more than 1 distribution, the coefficient of determination testing will be done to find out which distribution is the closest to the distribution test results.
Analysis of Crude Palm Oil Production Yield Results at AA Company
Authors: Ishak Aulia , Michael
Published: December 2020

Company can not be separated from the production process in carrying out its business activities. Therefore, the company strives for the production process to be carried out properly, economically, and to prevent obstacles to the company’s operations. In the production process carried out by AA Company, production operations are the responsibility of the Refinery and Fractionation division. Observations were made at the Refinery Plant 1, where the division has an interest in carrying out a production schedule related to the processing of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) into Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) with Grade Commerce. Based on field observations, one of the problems that occurred was the RBDPO yield target that was not reached. The company set an RBDPO yield target of 94.50%. But in practice, the yield of RBDPO produced is still below the target set. The idea of problemsolving provided is to analyze the root cause of the problem with Cause and Effect Diagrams, analyze the magnitude of potential failures in the process by using Failure Mode Effect Analysis and provide alternative corrective actions using the 5W + 1H method.
Orange Software Usage in Data Mining Classification Method on The Dataset Lenses
Authors: Ishak Aulia , Siregar Khawarita , Aspriyati  , Ginting Rosnani , Afif Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Data Mining is a process that uses statistical, mathematical, artificial intelligence, and machine learning techniques to extract and identify useful information and related knowledge from various large databases. Decision tree is a very interesting classification method that involves the construction of a decision tree consisting of decision nodes which are connected by branches from the root node to the leaf node (end). The problem that will be examined in this study is about classification of dataset lenses obtained from using orange software. The method used in this paper is the method of classification process is performed on a decision tree using the orange software. Tree construction begins with the formation of roots (located at the top). Then the data is divided based on attributes that are suitable to be used as leaves. Decision rule information is to make decision rules from trees that have been formed.
Model of Integrated Production Allocation for Minimizing Distribution Costs in a Cement Company
Authors: Pamungkas YP , Ciptomulyono U , Karningsih PD
Published: December 2020

This paper, in order to get a gain after the acquisition process with whose carry out by the company and the competitor. Post-acquisition, to analyse getting better efficiency, to do so a process restructuring in an existing distribution network is consolidated and integrated by the existing distribution network with the distribution network of the newly acquired company in supply chain management. The acquisition process is expected to expand the network in the domestic market and increase the efficiency of supply chain costs by planning production allocations in an effort to optimize distribution costs more efficiently. The purpose of this work is to determine the optimal configuration of production and distribution networks with operational and financial constraints. A linear programming model is proposed to describe and to optimize the problem. By considering various parameters of the model such as plant capacity, production costs, and distribution costs, this model is hoping to be able for determining where the production of cement facilities is carried out to meet the demand for cement in the market to obtain more efficient distribution costs.
Determination of Cocoa Powder Particle Size Distribution by Using the Buoyancy Weighing-Bar Method
Authors: Tambun R , Silalahi  , Hasibuan R , Alexander V
Published: December 2020

This study aims to examine the determination of the particle size distribution of cocoa powder by using the Buoyancy Weighing-Bar Method (BWM) with ethanol as a liquid medium. Laser diffraction and settling balance method are used as a comparison method in this study. The weighing bar used in BWM consists of cylindrical aluminium with a size of 10 cm x 210 cm. The measurement process is operated at ambient temperature and the measurement is carried out for 180 minutes. The results obtained indicate that the particle size distribution of cocoa powder can be measured by using BWM, and the results obtained are proportional to the measurement results by using the settling balance method, while laser diffraction is not suitable for measuring cocoa powder particle size distribution due to the shape of the cocoa powder that is not a sphere.
Mechanical, SEM and FTIR characteristics of bioplastics from mango seed starch with nanoparticle zinc oxide as filler and ethylene glycol as plasticizers
Authors: Lubis Maulida , Harahap Mara B , Ginting Muhammad H S , Sebayang Alissha T , Chandra Toni , Wangi Yoeselyn , Jose
Published: December 2020

Plastic products are difficult to be degraded and cause environmental problem. To overcome this, plastic material is made from biodegradable natural resource which is called bioplastics. The aim of this research is to know the potency of mango seed starch, nanoparticle zinc oxide as filler and ethylene glycol as plasticizer. The mango seed starch size of 5 grams, with variation of zinc oxide filler mass of 0; 3; 6 and 9% (wt) and ethylene glycol 0; 20; 25; 30 and 35% (wt). The bioplastics films was analyzed the mechanical properties include tensile strength, elongation at break, SEM and FTIR. The optimum result obtained at nanoparticle ZnO concentration 6% and ethylene glycol 25% with tensile strength 3.78 MPa and elongation at break 2.23%. The SEM and FTIR result prove that addition of filler and plasticizer gives better surface morphology and dispersion in the bioplastics.
The Carbon Black-Loaded Styrene-Butadiene Rubber in The Addition of Palmitamide: The Cure Characterization
Authors: Khosman H , Hafni K N , Surya I
Published: December 2020

This study investigated the influences of palmitamide on the cure characterization of carbon black (CB)-loaded styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). The SBR was loaded with CB at a fixed loading (thirty phr) and the palmitamide was loaded into the CB-loaded SBR compounds with varied doses from two to eight phr. The palmitamide was prepared from the chemical reaction between urea and palmitic acid at an appropriate condition of reaction. The influences of palmitamide additions on the scorch time, cure time and cure rate index/CRI of CB-loaded SBR were investigated. It was examined that the palmitamide caused an enhancement in the rate of the cure process on the SBR compounds. The palmitamide decreased both the times to scorch and cure times but increased the CRI. The bigger the palmitamide doses caused in the lower were the scorch and cure times but caused in the higher was the CRI. The enhancement in CRI was attributed to the role of palmitamide as the supplementary accelerator for the CB-loaded SBR compounds. The amine content of palmitamide enhanced the CRI.
Mechanical Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Coconut Fiber Reinforced Waste Styrofoam Composite : The Effect of Compression Molding Temperature
Authors: Nasution H , Suherman P , Kelvin  , Winny
Published: December 2020

Coconut fiber contains 36-43% of cellulose and has a potential to hydrolyze into microcrystalline cellulose. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from coconut fiber can be used as composites filler. The objective of this research was done to find out the best composition of MCC and compression molding temperature for styrofoam composites filled MCC. MCC composition was varied from 0-10% (wt). Molding temperature was varied from 110-150°C. The results exhibited that addition of 8% (wt) of MCC with 130°C of molding temperature have showed the best mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strengths. The study has indicated that MCC filled the pores of styrofoam and some of the pores have been lost due to proper heating during molding.
Durability of Repetitive Polypropylene Recycling: Challenge on Securing The Mechanical Properties
Authors: Hyie Koay Mei , Budin S , Halidi S N A M , Fohimi N A M
Published: December 2020

Most of the products used in our daily lives involve plastic. However, plastic pollution can cause an incalculable environmental crisis. Hence, an extensive effort has been made towards recycling plastic since the last decade. The challenge on plastic recycling is to secure the mechanical performance of the products. In this study, the durability of repetitive polypropylene processing from ten to fourteen cycles is investigated. Optimum parameters such as moulding temperature, injection pressure, holding pressure, holding speed, holding time, and cooling time were used to successfully manufacture extensive recycled polypropylene by injection molding process. The tensile and bending strength of polypropylene were managed to maintain above 30 MPa even at fourteenth cycles. The bending modulus was secured at least 1.0 GPa for the polypropylene after recycled for fourteen times. Besides, the recycled polypropylene could sustain more loading in bending mode rather than longitudinal tension tight. The percentage of shrinkage was less than 3%. This little shrinkage gave an assurance to the dimensional stability even though the reprocessing was at high level until fourteenth cycle. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images evident the homogeneous mixing and brittle manner of polypropylene during extensive recycling.
Disturbance Management Strategy in the Food Supply Chain in The Middle of Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Nasution Andri , Novia Azmi Nurul , Putriya Ananda Fany , Azalia Miranda
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic raises problems for the industry on a large scale. Among them, the food supply chain has experienced disruption due to government policies such as the closure of several road accesses and WFH activities as a form of handling COVID-19. This paper aims to analyze disruption and find coping strategies in food supply chain activities. By using the SWOT analysis method. Based on the IFAS-EFAS calculation, it is known that several disturbances that occur in the food supply chain, such as limited transportation access, inadequate production, a decline in value inventory turnover and needs space increased. The output of this research is a coping strategy, namely online marketing and maintaining the stability of food commodity prices, providing innovative rules regarding agricultural land, maintaining product quality and efficient use, increasing the scale of production and distribution as needed, and creating farmer empowerment programs.
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite as a Strengthening of Concrete Structures: A Review
Authors: Yuhazri M Y , Zulfikar A J , Ginting A
Published: December 2020

For centuries, concrete is the main material most widely used in a building. The strength and durability of this material will decrease over time due to several factors that influence the mechanism of its structural characteristics. Although the compression strength is excellent, it is weak in tensile. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are widely used as an alternative material to replace metal-based engineering materials. This material has properties such as lightweight products, low production costs, easy to form, high tensile and flexural strength, and elastic. The purpose of this review paper is to provide information about the application of FRP composites as reinforcement of concrete structures either as repairs or new structures. Initially, FRP composite materials were used as reinforcement structures for reinforced concrete column-beam joints. The resulting structure has increased the flexural ability due to the load given. The addition of natural fiber (jute) to concrete also increases in the hardness of concrete. Other investigations regarding the application of FRP composites in concrete to improve strength performance are discussed in this paper. Finally, the technique of wrapping FRP composites in concrete in an effort to improve the performance of the resulting structure is also discussed in the paper.
Stay Home Practical: Simulation Model On Ginger As The Samples On Dryer Naturally Operation Module
Authors: Haryanto Bode , Tarigan Marvino Brayn , Br Sitepu Natasya Arihta , Bukit Rina Br
Published: December 2020

During the COVID 19 virus impact to the most area in Indonesia, most of the teaching and research activities doing at home. The idea to force the activity at home by giving the idea to do research in drying natural operation. It is the sample of how students can apply the drying operation at their home. The idea to dry the Ginger as the material sample was applied and have given the result on the size or shape of the sample variation. The operation time and temperature impact on drying the sample. Drying at the open area and naturally were give the information have impacted the rate of drying. In this study, the type of shape was the most impacted in comparing the temperature and operation time.
Experimental study of solar adsorption refrigerator using a parabolic collector
Authors: Putra M F , Sitorus T B , Hutasoit M B , Sinurat N S , Siahaan P B M
Published: December 2020

Several alternative energy sources have been developed; one of them is solar energy to overcome the future energy crisis. Solar energy can be used as a source of heat energy, used very much, one of which is on the adsorption cycle refrigerator. The adsorption cycle refrigerator tested has three main components, namely the parabolic collector, condenser, and evaporator. In this research, the three main components are made of aluminum because they have a high thermal conductivity value and are resistant to corrosion due to water or refrigerant used. The pairs of adsorbent and refrigerant used were active powder carbon of 10 kg and methanol of 3 liters. The research purpose is to determine the maximum temperature at the collector, the minimum temperature in the cooled water, collector efficiency, and the COP value of the system. The experiment procedure is by heating the solar collector from 08.00 AM-05.00 PM (GMT+7), while the natural cooling process takes place from 05.00 PM-08.00 AM (GMT+7). The results obtained that the maximum temperature of the collector is 126.56°C. The minimum temperature of the water is -0.09°C, the maximum parabolic collector efficiency is 53.39%, and the maximum COP value is 0.000956.
Influence of Location and Capacity of Distributed Generations on Voltage Sags Mitigation Using Alternative Transient Program
Authors: Hardi Surya , Hutasoit S M , Purnamasari Fanidia
Published: December 2020

This paper presents the influence of distributed generation (DG) location and capacity for mitigating voltage sag caused by faults. The voltages sags are caused by the faults were simulated on the IEEE 13 bus system for single line to ground close to 650 and three-line phase faults at bus 646 using Alternative Transient Program (ATP) software. The voltages are monitored at every buss system. The DG is installed for one DG, two DG and three DG as the alternative. The DG locations are installed based on trial and error. DG total capacity is 2/3 load total installed in the system. As the alternative DGs installed viz. for one DG at Bus 611 with the capacity of 2.5 MVA; Two DGs at Bus 611 and Bus 680 with their respective capacities of 1.25 MVA; Three DGs are located at Bus 611, Bus 680 and Bus 633 with their respective capacities of 1 MVA. The results show that DG location placement in many locations gives the better results for mitigating voltage sags.
Graph Based Method for Lathe Machining Part Model
Authors: Zubair A F , Nazir B , Hemdi A R , Yusoff H , Ismail H , Othman M , Kataraki P S , Panjaitan N , Ishak A
Published: December 2020

Process planning is about bridging design to manufacturing in an effective way. Although many methods can be used to recognize CAD and manufacturing feature, one way to do it is by Graph-based Method. Attributed Adjacency Graph (AAG) is develop for each feature of a part model in this case to ease of planning the machining of the part. Each machining feature will have a unique constructive sub-graph (CG). This paper proposes CG for lathe machining feature. The proposed CG is useful for future development of a generative process planning system of a lathe machining.
Analysis of Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS Methods in Multi Criteria Decision Making: Literature Review
Authors: Ishak Aulia , Wanli
Published: December 2020

With the development of technology and times, we have faced various alternative problems. The problem of making decisions is one of the problems that is often encountered in everyday life. In the matter of decision-making, there are several methods that can be used, one of which is Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). MCDM is a method to make decision based on theory, process and analytical methods that involved uncertainty, dynamics and various aspects of criteria. This journal will discuss the use of one of the MCDM methods, namely Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS. Basically, AHP breaks down unstructured situations into its components and organize these components or variables in a hierarchical order and assign a scientific value as a subjective assessment of the proportionate significance of each variable. Fuzzy theory is used to represent ambiguity, inaccuracies, lack of information, and partial truth. Then the TOPSIS method uses the principle that the preferred alternative must have the farthest from the negative ideal solution and the shortest interval from the positive ideal solution to find the optimal solution from the available alternatives.
Decision Support System for Selection and Assessment of Solid Waste Processing Technology from Oil Palm Industry using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Authors: Ishak Aulia , bin Ali Amir Yazid , Budin Salina , Ginting Rosnani
Published: December 2020

The waste produced by the palm oil industry contributes greatly to environmental damage if it is not operated properly. Waste from palm oil processing consists of 70% of the amount of raw material which is almost half in the form of liquid. Over time the growth of the palm oil industry has always increased, therefore the waste from the palm oil industry will increase. The palm oil industry must have environmentally friendly solid waste treatment technology that is able to provide added value. There are many alternatives to treat the palm oil industry’s solid waste, from the most advanced technology to conventional technology. Decision Support Systems have been developed to assist companies in identifying, evaluating and choosing technologies for processing solid waste. In this study, three operations have been developed in MySQL, the database for waste treatment technology has criteria and sub criteria selection criteria using the DELPHI method; Introduction of criteria using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. This study can assist in decision making and optimize the reprocessing of solid waste from palm oil mills.
Designing of integrated information system (IIS) scheme for private higher education in indonesia: a strategic plan
Authors: Idris Iswandi , Fajrillah  , Novarika Ak Wirda , Hastalona Dina , Syarifudin Yahya Afif , Marikena Nita
Published: December 2020

The private higher education (PHE) is now starting to intensify the use of IT (Information Technology). Often the activities conducted under conditions that are not ideal due to budget constraints. To develop the ICT (Information Communication Technology) systems in legalization efforts of private higher education is to encourage the use of software based on open-source software, the integration of all cross-data unit services within a more efficient organization to support the Decision Support System database and data warehouse, a service that is prioritized for all and access to all levels and access universally. Integration of both horizontally (between systems managing different areas) and vertically (following a structural hierarchical relationship). Placed within the framework of a holistic, top-down approach. Developed and implemented naturally, from the base (database infrastructure) grew (application and access). The PHE development done gradually evolved in different time frames, focus on procurement and IT facilities, both hardware and software. Focus on how to manage IT-based services. Focus on how to bring IT and internal seep into the organizational structure, and ultimately the transformation of the organization and the people in it. Stages of analysis can be defined with the Use Case diagrams, divided into several main modules.
Evaluation and Selection of E-commerce Service Quality Using Fuzzy AHP Method
Authors: Ishak Aulia , Wanli
Published: December 2020

In the era of rapid technological development, people use information and communication technology to buy and / or sell goods and / or services via the internet. Based on a survey conducted by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), it shows that of all data collection efforts, only 15.08% were e-commerce businesses. This shows that the business done via the internet in Indonesia is still low. This can be caused by several obstacles, one of which is customer satisfaction. Customer confidence will be built when customer needs and satisfaction are met through quality standards. So that customer satisfaction becomes an important parameter in building a sustainable business. This research was conducted to evaluate and select the quality of e-commerce services using Fuzzy AHP. Determination of criteria and weight of criteria is built based on expert consensus using the Delphi method. After that, the consistency calculation is carried out using the AHP method. In the FAHP method, the weight calculation for each alternative is assessed. In the FAHP method, the highest order of weight values is Tokopedia (0.3680), Bukalapak (0.3190), Shopee (0.1735) and Elevenia (0.1394).
Evolution of interfacial structure of the joints between a tungsten-copper composite and austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Huang Youting , Zha Yuanfei , Zhou Xiaolong , Li Xiaowei , Li Wei , Guo Qiaohang , Chen Wenzhe , Peng Dongliang
Published: December 2020

Joining of CuW70 composite and 0Cr18Ni9 stainless steel was successfully achieved at temperatures 1150 °C with durations from 15 to 90 min after adding a pure copper intermediate layer. Microstructure, phase composition and elemental distribution at the interfacial region were studied. The optimum joining interface with a dense microstructure was obtained at a joining temperature of 1150 °C with a duration of 60 min. Interdiffusion of atoms occurred at the interface between the tungsten-copper composite and stainless steel, resulting in formation of various compounds such as W0.6Cu0.4, Cu3.8Ni and Fe0.946Ni0.054. An iron chromium-rich layer was formed at the interface near the tungsten-copper composite side, and an island structure containing Cr, Cu, and Ni was formed near the stainless steel side.
A three-dimensional viscoelastic analysis of thermoplastic resin matrix composite laminates during hot stamping
Authors: Mao Huajie , Yan Hongxu , Guo Wei , Meng Zhenghua , Deng Jingwen
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a three-dimensional thermo-viscoelastic constitutive equation is used to simulate and analyze the hot stamping process of thermoplastic resin matrix composites. Dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) was used to measure the relaxation behavior of resin matrix at different temperatures. Then, the relaxation times and the weight factors of the resin matrix were obtained by regression analysis of the data of the resin matrix relaxation behavior using genetic intelligent algorithm. According to the classical Maxwell model with N Maxwell elements and representative volume element (RVE), the integral constitutive model was established, and the corresponding integral finite element program was incorporated into commercial software ABAQUS with an UMAT subroutine.Thermal expansion was also taken into account in the present model. The constitutive model and its finite element program in this paper were verified by experiments with a self-designed hot stamping die for thermoplastic composites.In addition, the simulation results were compared with the actual failure areas to further verify the applicability of the constitutive model adopted in this paper. The results indicate that the ball edge of the hemispherical part is easy to be damaged.
Challenges in the deposition of (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 absorber layers for thin-film solar cells
Authors: Essig Stephanie , Paetel Stefan , Friedlmeier Theresa Magorian , Powalla Michael
Published: December 2020

The partial replacement of Cu by Ag in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cells is strategically interesting to achieve smooth devices with high conversion efficiencies. Yet, the industrial exploitation requires further understanding of the deposition process and control of the absorber layer properties. In this study, three-stage co-evaporation of (Ag,Cu)(Ga,In)Se2 films with [Ag]/([Ag] + [Cu]) contents up to 0.2 was investigated. Deep crevices and voids, sometimes extending down to the rear contact, were found. They mainly occur for high Ag contents and excessive group-I richness during the second stage of the deposition. The formation of cavities is attributed to the segregation of Ag–Se phases and slow Ag diffusion into the chalcopyrite during the deposition. Another identified challenge is the flattening of the desired bandgap grading which is correlated with the Ag content. Optimized process conditions allow fabrication of smooth (Ag,Cu)(Ga,In)Se2 films in a manufacturing-like inline deposition with cell efficiencies up to 20.5%.
‘Real world’ effectiveness of the Falls Management Exercise (FaME) programme: an implementation study
Authors: Orton Elizabeth , Audsley Sarah , Coupland Carol , Gladman John R F , Iliffe Steve , Lafond Natasher , Logan Philippa , Masud Tahir , Skelton Dawn A , Timblin Clare , Timmons Stephen , Ward Derek , Kendrick Denise
Published: December 2020

Background

Falls incidence increases with age alongside declines in strength and balance. Clinical trials show that the Falls Management Exercise (FaME) programme improves strength and balance, which can reduce falls and improve physical functioning.

Objective

To determine if the clinical trial efficacy of FaME translates into effectiveness in non-research settings.

Design and setting

An implementation study of FaME in 10 local authorities across the East Midlands region of England.

Subjects

Adults aged 65 and over enrolled on a FaME programme.

Method

Anonymised outcome data collected by the FaME providers were compared at baseline, end of programme and 6 months follow-up using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

For 348 adults enrolled in programmes and analysed, the mean age was 76.8, 73% were female and 143 (41%) completed ≥75% of classes. Overall confidence in balance, fear of falling, functional reach and timed-up-and-go (all P < 0.001), and turn 180° (P = 0.008) improved significantly at programme completion versus baseline, but improvements were not maintained 6 months later. Falls risk (FRAT score) and total minutes of physical activity did not change significantly though minutes of strength and balance activity increased by 55% at programme completion and was maintained at 6 months. The falls incidence rate ratio (IRR) was non-significantly lower at programme completion (IRR 0.76, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.48,1.21) and follow-up (IRR 0.82 95% CI 0.48,1.39) versus baseline.

Conclusions

There is modest translation of FaME efficacy into effectiveness, but not all effects persist after completion. Strategies to aid adherence and exercise maintenance are important to maximise benefits.
Maternal and personal information mediates the use of social cues about predation risk
Authors: Winandy Laurane , Di Gesu Lucie , Lemoine Marion , Jacob Staffan , Martin José , Ducamp Christine , Huet Michèle , Legrand Delphine , Cote Julien
Published: December 2020

Organisms can gain information about predation risks from their parents, their own personal experience, and their conspecifics and adjust their behavior to alleviate these risks. These different sources of information can, however, provide conflicting information due to spatial and temporal variation of the environment. This raises the question of how these cues are integrated to produce adaptive antipredator behavior. We investigated how common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) adjust the use of conspecific cues about predation risk depending on whether the information is maternally or personally acquired. We experimentally manipulated the presence of predator scent in gestating mothers and their offspring in a full-crossed design. We then tested the consequences for social information use by monitoring offspring social response to conspecifics previously exposed to predator cues or not. Lizards were more attracted to the scent of conspecifics having experienced predation cues when they had themselves no personal information about predation risk. In contrast, they were more repulsed by conspecific scent when they had personally obtained information about predation risk. However, the addition of maternal information about predation risk canceled out this interactive effect between personal and social information: lizards were slightly more attracted to conspecific scent when these two sources of information about predation risk were in agreement. A chemical analysis of lizard scent revealed that exposure to predator cues modified the chemical composition of lizard scents, a change that might underlie lizards’ use of social information. Our results highlight the importance of considering multiple sources of information while studying antipredator defenses.
Heterogenous effects of father and mother age on offspring development
Authors: Noguera José Carlos
Published: December 2020

Maternal age has long been described to influence a broad range of offspring life-history traits, including longevity. However, relatively few studies have tested experimentally for the effects of paternal age and even fewer the potential interactive effects of father and mother age on offspring life-history traits from conception to death. To tackle these questions, I performed a factorial experimental design where I manipulated the age of both male and female field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) and subsequently assessed their effects over the offspring’s entire lifetime. I found that, despite coming from larger eggs, the embryos of old females grew up at a slower rate, took more time to develop, and showed lower hatching success than those of young females. Offspring postnatal viability was unaffected by female age but, at adulthood, the offspring of old females were bigger and lived shorter than those of young females. Male age effects were mostly present during offspring postnatal development as nymphs sired by old males having increased early mortality. Moreover, father age strongly influenced the development of offspring adult personality as revealed by the shyer personality of crickets sired by an old male. My results indicate that father and mother age at reproduction have different effects that affect offspring traits at different stages of their development. The results further suggest that father and mother age effects could be mediated by independent mechanisms and may separately influence the evolution of aging.