bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can amplified spontaneous emission produce intense laser guide stars for adaptive optics?
Authors: Hickson Paul , Hellemeier Joschua , Yang Rui
Published: March 2021

Adaptive optics is a key technology for ground-based optical and infrared astronomy, providing high angular resolution and sensitivity. Systems employing laser guide stars can achieve high sky coverage, but their performance is limited by the available return flux. Amplified spontaneous emission could potentially boost the intensity of beacons produced by resonant excitation of atomic or molecular species in the upper atmosphere. This requires the production of a population inversion in an electronic transition that is optically thick to stimulated emission. Mesospheric metals have insufficient column density for amplified spontaneous emission, but atomic oxygen and nitrogen are potential candidates. They could potentially be excited by a high-energy chirped femtosecond pulsed laser, making visible-wavelength transitions accessible. Such lasers can also generate a white-light supercontinuum in the atmosphere. In addition to providing high intensity, the broadband emission from such a source could facilitate the sensing of the tilt component of atmospheric turbulence.
Self-powered cadmium chalcogenide photodetectors by pressurized air blast spraying
Authors: Carlos Villa-Angulo
Published: March 2021

Self-powered photodetectors (SPDs) have great application potential in next-generation instruments that operate wirelessly and independently. Hence, there is a strong market demand for more efficient, easier, cheaper, and faster SPDs fabrication methods and tools. Specially, spray pyrolysis (SS) is an extensively used technique because of its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high deposition rate. Furthermore, in a SS system, parameters such as the chamber temperature, air pressure, substrate temperature, and nozzle-substrate distance must be precisely selected since they determine the deposited film quality. Otherwise, pressurized air blast spraying is a standard atomization method implemented in economical and multi-use micro airbrush guns that can be used in conjunction with a substrate heater to complete the SS process. In this study, a fabrication procedure, complemented with a micro airbrush gun as an easy, inexpensive, and efficient tool for film deposition was developed and implemented to obtain a single and a parallel connection of four SPDs based on cadmium chalcogenides (CC). A comprehensive analysis of the optical and electrical properties of the obtained devices confirms the functionality of the implemented fabrication procedure. All fabricated SPDs devices show responsivity and specific detectivity in the visible spectrum demonstrating their capability for self-powered photodetection applications.
An evolutionarily diverged mitochondrial protein controls biofilm growth and virulence in Candida albicans
Authors: Mamouei Zeinab , Singh Shakti , Lemire Bernard , Gu Yiyou , Alqarihi Abdullah , Nabeela Sunna , Li Dongmei , Ibrahim Ashraf , Uppuluri Priya
Published: March 2021

A forward genetic screening approach identified orf19.2500 as a gene controlling Candida albicans biofilm dispersal and biofilm detachment. Three-dimensional (3D) protein modeling and bioinformatics revealed that orf19.2500 is a conserved mitochondrial protein, structurally similar to, but functionally diverged from, the squalene/phytoene synthases family. The C. albicans orf19.2500 is distinguished by 3 evolutionarily acquired stretches of amino acid inserts, absent from all other eukaryotes except a small number of ascomycete fungi. Biochemical assays showed that orf19.2500 is required for the assembly and activity of the NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase Complex I (CI) of the respiratory electron transport chain (ETC) and was thereby named NDU1. NDU1 is essential for respiration and growth on alternative carbon sources, important for immune evasion, required for virulence in a mouse model of hematogenously disseminated candidiasis, and for potentiating resistance to antifungal drugs. Our study is the first report on a protein that sets the Candida-like fungi phylogenetically apart from all other eukaryotes, based solely on evolutionary “gain” of new amino acid inserts that are also the functional hub of the protein.
Linear-nonlinear cascades capture synaptic dynamics
Authors: Rossbroich Julian , Trotter Daniel , Beninger John , Tóth Katalin , Naud Richard
Published: March 2021

Short-term synaptic dynamics differ markedly across connections and strongly regulate how action potentials communicate information. To model the range of synaptic dynamics observed in experiments, we have developed a flexible mathematical framework based on a linear-nonlinear operation. This model can capture various experimentally observed features of synaptic dynamics and different types of heteroskedasticity. Despite its conceptual simplicity, we show that it is more adaptable than previous models. Combined with a standard maximum likelihood approach, synaptic dynamics can be accurately and efficiently characterized using naturalistic stimulation patterns. These results make explicit that synaptic processing bears algorithmic similarities with information processing in convolutional neural networks.
Positive allosteric modulators of lecithin: Cholesterol acyltransferase adjust the orientation of the membrane-binding domain and alter its spatial free energy profile
Authors: Niemelä Akseli , Koivuniemi Artturi
Published: March 2021

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase protein (LCAT) promotes the esterification reaction between cholesterol and phospholipid-derived acyl chains. Positive allosteric modulators have been developed to treat LCAT deficiencies and, plausibly, also cardiovascular diseases in the future. The mechanism of action of these compounds is poorly understood. Here computational docking and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were utilized to study the interactions between LCAT and the activating compounds. Results indicate that all drugs bind to the allosteric binding pocket in the membrane-binding domain in a similar fashion. The presence of the compounds in the allosteric site results in a distinct spatial orientation and sampling of the membrane-binding domain (MBD). The MBD’s different spatial arrangement plausibly affects the lid’s movement from closed to open state andvice versa, as suggested by steered molecular dynamics simulations.
Genomic variants from RNA-seq for goats resistant or susceptible to gastrointestinal nematode infection
Authors: Aboshady Hadeer M. , Mandonnet Nathalie , Johansson Anna M. , Jonas Elisabeth , Bambou Jean-Christophe
Published: March 2021

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are an important constraint in small ruminant production. Genetic selection for resistant animals is a potential sustainable control strategy. Advances in molecular genetics have led to the identification of several molecular genetic markers associated with genes affecting economic relevant traits. In this study, the variants in the genome of Creole goats resistant or susceptible to GIN were discovered from RNA-sequencing. We identified SNPs, insertions and deletions that distinguish the two genotypes, resistant and susceptible and we characterized these variants through functional analysis. The T cell receptor signalling pathway was one of the top significant pathways that distinguish the resistant from the susceptible genotype with 78% of the genes involved in this pathway showing genomic variants. These genomic variants are expected to provide useful resources especially for molecular breeding for GIN resistance in goats.
Characterization of thermal storage stability of waste plastic pyrolytic char modified asphalt binders with sulfur
Authors: Kumar Abhinay , Choudhary Rajan , Kumar Ankush
Published: March 2021

Pyrolysis has gained a strong interest in recent times for sustainable treatment and recovery of energy-rich products from different wastes including plastic. Waste plastic pyrolytic char (PPC) generated as a carbonaceous by-product in the pyrolysis process, is gaining attention as an asphalt binder modifier. Adequate thermal storage stability is an essential requirement for a modified asphalt binder to ensure that the composite offers integrity and homogeneous properties during its storage, handling and transportation in the field. The objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize the thermal storage stability properties of PPC modified binders. PPC modified asphalt binders were fabricated and evaluated at multiple dosages of sulfur as a cross-linking agent. In addition to the conventionally used softening point difference (SPD), characterization of thermal storage stability was attempted using rheology-based separation indices (SIs) derived through temperature sweep, frequency sweep, and multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) tests. These rheological SIs were based on complex modulus (G*), Superpave rutting parameter (G*/sin δ), Shenoy rutting parameter (SRP), zero shear viscosity (ZSV), and MSCR Jnr (at three stress levels 0.1, 3.2 and 10 kPa). Two formulations of each rheology-based separation index were studied: (1) ratio, and (2) maximum-average difference formulations. The temperature and frequency dependencies of rheological SIs were also evaluated. Further, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize storage stability by comparing the chemical functionalities of the PPC modified binders. A 0.3% dosage of sulfur was found to produce the best results considering all SPD, rheology-based SIs and FTIR. Principal component analysis showed that the ratio and maximum-average formulations had similar contributions to the first principal component accounting for more than 99% of the variability.
Thriving during COVID-19: Predictors of psychological well-being and ways of coping
Authors: Tuason Ma. Teresa , Güss C. Dominik , Boyd Lauren
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 has led to global dramatic shifts in daily life. Following the biopsychosocial model of health, the goal of the current study was to predict people’s psychological well-being (PWB) during the initial lockdown phase of the pandemic and to investigate which coping strategies were most common among people with low and high PWB. Participants were 938 volunteers in the United States who responded to an online survey during the lockdown in April 2020. The main findings were that all three groups of variables, biological, psychological, and socio-economic, significantly contributed to PWB explaining 53% variance. Social loneliness and sense of agency were the strongest predictors. PWB was significantly predicted by physical health (not gender nor age); by spirituality, emotional loneliness, social loneliness, and sense of agency; by job security (not income, nor neighborhood safety, nor hours spent on social media). Comparing the coping strategies of participants, results show more intentional coping in the high-PWB group and more passive coping in the low-PWB group. During this unprecedented pandemic, the findings highlight that ability to sustainably cope with the global shifts in daily life depends on actively and intentionally attending to PWB by being one’s own agent for physical health, spiritual health, and social connection.
A Healthy Liver Will Always Deliver!
Authors: Pagès Mireia Alemany i , Ramalho-Santos João , Azul Anabela Marisa , Tavares Rui
Published: March 2021

Sabe o que é o fígado? Conhece as muitas coisas importantes que faz, mantendo-nos vivos e saudáveis? Sabia que os hábitos alimentares podem afetar o bem-estar de nosso fígado? Ou que um estilo de vida sedentário pode prejudicá-lo? Provavelmente não sabe, mas uma em cada quatro pessoas no mundo tem Doença do Fígado Gordo Não Alcoólico (FIGNA; NAFLD na sigla inglesa), que pode passar despercebida por muito anos, e resultar em danos graves ao fígado, incluindo cirrose e cancro. Será que é uma dessas pessoas? O acumular excessivo de gordura no fígado é causado por dietas pouco saudáveis e estilos de vida sedentários. Acha que pode estar em risco? Embora estes problemas possam existir em pessoas com um peso ideal, a obesidade e a diabetes de tipo 2 são fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de FIGNA. Então como podemos resolver isto? Conheça melhor o seu fígado com esta banda desenhada, e descubra como tratar e prevenir esta forma de doença hepática! Pense no seu fígado da próxima vez que comer, e não se esqueça de o ajudar, mantendo um estilo de vida ativo. Lembre-se que um fígado equilibrado é meio caminho andado!
Un Fegato Sano Ti Porta Lontano!
Authors: Pagès Mireia Alemany i , Ramalho-Santos João , Azul Anabela Marisa , Tavares Rui
Published: March 2021

Sabe o que é o fígado? Conhece as muitas coisas importantes que faz, mantendo-nos vivos e saudáveis? Sabia que os hábitos alimentares podem afetar o bem-estar de nosso fígado? Ou que um estilo de vida sedentário pode prejudicá-lo? Provavelmente não sabe, mas uma em cada quatro pessoas no mundo tem Doença do Fígado Gordo Não Alcoólico (FIGNA; NAFLD na sigla inglesa), que pode passar despercebida por muito anos, e resultar em danos graves ao fígado, incluindo cirrose e cancro. Será que é uma dessas pessoas? O acumular excessivo de gordura no fígado é causado por dietas pouco saudáveis e estilos de vida sedentários. Acha que pode estar em risco? Embora estes problemas possam existir em pessoas com um peso ideal, a obesidade e a diabetes de tipo 2 são fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de FIGNA. Então como podemos resolver isto? Conheça melhor o seu fígado com esta banda desenhada, e descubra como tratar e prevenir esta forma de doença hepática! Pense no seu fígado da próxima vez que comer, e não se esqueça de o ajudar, mantendo um estilo de vida ativo. Lembre-se que um fígado equilibrado é meio caminho andado!
CINEMA E DIREITOS HUMANOS NA ESCOLA: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA A SUPERAÇÃO DA VIOLÊNCIA
Authors: Guerreiro Alexandre Silva
Published: March 2021

Cinema, educação e direitos humanos formam uma importante tríade a partir da qual devemos repensar nossas práticas docentes. O cinema está presente na escola de diversas formas, mas o campo formado a partir da junção do cinema com a educação originou pesquisas que refletem sobre o cinema na escola como alteridade, questionando seu uso como mero apoio pedagógico. Os direitos humanos têm uma contribuição fundamental a dar nesse processo na medida em que trazem para essa reflexão uma dimensão ética e estética da Audiovisão (CHION, 2011). Por outro lado, podemos considerar que um cenário de violência escolar só pode existir na ausência dos direitos humanos. Esse trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre o cinema na escola, observando o conceito de Curadoria Educativa (VERGARA, 1996) como peça chave no combate à violência e como garantidor de uma Educação em direitos humanos.
DERMEVAL SAVIANI E A POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Moraes Raquel De Almeida
Published: March 2021

O objetivo do artigo é divulgar os resultados de pesquisa sobre a importância de Dermeval Saviani para a política educacional brasileira. Mediante abordagem metodológica fundamentada na perspectiva materialista-dialética, recorreu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados da internet com os descritores Saviani e Política Educacional. Dentre os resultados, assinala a ausência deste teórico nos autores que produzem conhecimentos sobre política educacional no Brasil. No entanto, a pesquisa constatou que Dermeval Saviani é produtor de conhecimento sobre a política educacional, contribuindo para o seu avanço; é articulador de ações em política educacional, contribuindo para a superação dos problemas, além de ser propositor de uma política educacional contra hegemônica educacional via Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica.
PERFIL DISCENTE NAS LICENCIATURAS EM CIÊNCIAS E EM QUÍMICA NA UECE E FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Martins Júnior Francisco Ranulfo Freitas , Vidal Eloisa Maia
Published: March 2021

Este artigo objetiva apresentar e analisar informações sobre o perfil dos ingressantes e concludentes nos cursos de licenciatura curta em Ciências e licenciatura plena em Química na Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), desde seu surgimento em 1976 até 2018. Utiliza o estudo de caso do tipo único e integrado, tendo sido analisados dados quantitativos referentes aos seis campi da UECE que ofertam os respectivos cursos. A trajetória estudantil foi mapeada pelo trabalho com tais dados, contidos em planilha de Excel fornecida pelo Departamento de Informática da instituição, na qual foi aplicada uso de filtros e análise por meio de estatística descritiva. Os resultados encontrados evidenciam que estes cursos sofrem com percalços que atingem a área de Ciências e Matemática em relação à dificuldade de formar professores. Há evidências de altos percentuais de abandono, que superam os percentuais de formados, tanto no período de oferta da licenciatura curta, quanto no período subsequente. Registra-se, no entanto, uma modificação no perfil de procura pela formação inicial, quando o percentual de mulheres se sobrepõe ao de homens no curso atual. Observa-se também modificações na cartografia da oferta, com o aumento da interiorização após a plenificação da licenciatura.
Biomarkers in rock oysters (Saccostrea mordax) in response to organophosphate pesticides
Authors: Opiyo Kennedy , Rawson Christopher , Gagnon Marthe Monique , Saputra Ishaaq
Published: March 2021

Chlorpyrifos is a xenobiotics contaminants that threats the marine environment and the living organism within the habitat. Although several marine bivalve species have been used as the indicator of marine pollution, the used of Saccostrea mordax is remaining unknown. This study aimed at investigating the suitability of lysosome membrane integrity, carboxylesterase activity, 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine and condition index as biomarkers in adult S. mordax following their exposure to 0.0, 5.0 and 500 μg.L-1 of Chlorpyrifos for 21 days under laboratory conditions. Results indicated that the lysosome membrane integrity showed a dose-dependent response with a significant statistical number of destabilized cells between all the treatment groups. Carboxylesterase activity was significantly inhibited in 500 μg.L-1 chlorpyrifos treated group, while the environmentally relevant concentration (5 μg.L-1) did not induce a significant inhibition with reference to the control. Similarly, the condition index showed a dose-dependent response with the oysters exposed to 500 μg.L-1 chlorpyrifos exhibiting a significantly reduced growth rate. There was no statistical significance in the means of both 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine in all treatment groups. The reaction of S. mordax to chlorpyrifos contamination demonstrates that the species can potentially be used as sentinel organisms in environmental monitoring programs. Lysosome membrane integrity was a single out as a sensitive biomarker for exposure to chlorpyrifos and is therefore suitable for environmental monitoring for sublethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos contaminations. Additionally, the use of multiple biomarkers was found to be robust in this study and can be extrapolated to other ecotoxicological studies
Edukacja między filozofią i teologią. XI Polski Zjazd Filozoficzny w Lublinie z perspektywy historii myśli pedagogicznej
Authors: Tys Agnieszka Teresa
Published: March 2021

Edukacja między filozofią i teologią. XI Polski Zjazd Filozoficzny w Lublinie z perspektywy historii myśli pedagogicznej
„Powinności” nauczyciela ludowego doby zaborów w przekazie czasopisma „Szkoła”
Authors: Wałęga Agnieszka
Published: March 2021

The aim of the article is to analyse the pedeutological texts published in the era of the Partitions of Poland in the pages of the oldest Galician pedagogical periodical, which “Szkoła” was. The journal, edited by teachers and educational activists, addressed mainly to folk school teachers, published uninterruptedly for 70 years, is for today’s researchers an invaluable source of knowledge about the functioning of Galician education and its employees. The editors and collaborators of the journal often took up such important subjects as vocation, role models of folk teachers, relations with pupils’ family homes or difficult realities of teacher’s work. Teachers received a lot of specific advice concerning the upbringing and education of pupils, frequently from older and experienced colleagues. They could also learn a catalogue of traits and attitudes expected from folk teachers, concerning also their own families or taking up additional work.
Recepcja poglądów Johna Ruskina na wychowanie w Polsce przełomu XIX i XX wieku
Authors: Lisiecka Alicja
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this article is to show the reception of the educational views of John Ruskin (1819–1900) presented in Polish scientific literature at the turn of the XIX and XX century. John Ruskin was an great English writer, poet, painter and critic of art and social reality. Ruskin’s oeuvre, contained in numerous writings, is the result of admiration for the world, reflection on landscapes, art and timeless values: truth, goodness and beauty; he’s works are characterized by individualism, momentum, normativity, and literary style full digression. For Ruskin, there is no clear definition of education and the educational system. Educational process itself is described in general terms. Ruskin’s beliefs about art and society are connected with the issue of children’s raising. The article contains numerous quotes – from the publications of Polish authors, translations and original Ruskin’s works – enriching the exemplification of the problem outlined in the subject of this article. Ruskin’s thoughts can be found in the foundations of progressive pedagogy and active pedagogy. For this reason, it is worth to consider the issue of the reception of educational views of Ruskin presented in Poland in years 1897–1936.
Professionally responsible management of the ethical and social challenges of antenatal screening and diagnosis of β-thalassemia in a high-risk population
Authors: Corda Valentina , Murgia Federica , Dessolis Francesca , Murru Stefania , Chervenak Frank A. , McCullough Laurence B. , Monni Giovanni
Published: March 2021

Thalassemias are among the most frequent genetic disorders worldwide. They are an important social and economic strain in high-risk populations. The benefit of β-thalassemia screening programs is growing evident but the capacity to diagnose fetal β-thalassemia exceeds the treatment possibilities and even when treatment before birth becomes feasible, difficult decisions about the relative risks will remain. This paper can be of practical and ethically justified aid when counseling women about screening, diagnosis, and treatment of β-thalassemia. It takes in consideration various social challenges, medical issues such as antenatal screening, preimplantation genetic diagnosis, prenatal diagnosis, non-invasive prenatal testing and prenatal therapy. We also describe the Sardinian experience in applying and promoting high-risk population screening and diagnosis programs and future trends in the management of β-thalassemia.
FGF16 regulated by miR-520b enhances the cell proliferation of lung cancer
Authors: He Wenfeng , Liu Xia , Luo Zhijie , Li Longmei , Fang Xisheng
Published: March 2021

FGF16 is implicated in the progression of some specific types of cancers, such as embryonic carcinoma, ovarian cancer, and liver cancer. Yet, the function of FGF16 in the development of lung cancer remains largely unexplored. In this study, we present the novel function of FGF16 and the regulation of miR-520b on FGF16 in lung cancer progression. In clinical lung cancer tissues, FGF16 is overexpressed and its high level is negatively associated with the low level of miR-520b. Furthermore, both the transcription and translation levels of FGF16 are restrained by miR-520b in lung cancer cells. For the regulatory mechanism investigation, miR-520b is able to directly bind to the 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) of FGF16 mRNA, leading to its mRNA cleavage in the cells. Functionally, miR-520b reduces the growth of lung cancer and its inhibitor anti-miR520b is able to promote the growth through competing endogenous miR-520b. Moreover, FGF16 silence using RNA interference is capable of doing great damage to anti-miR-520b-accelerated growth of lung cancer. Thus, our finding indicates that FGF16 is a new target gene of miR-520b in lung cancer. For lung cancer, FGF16 may serve as a novel biomarker and miR-520b/FGF16 may be useful in clinical treatment.
Exploring the Transformative Essence of Intellectual Feminism in Africa: Some Contributions of Amina Mama
Authors: Okoli Al Chukwuma
Published: March 2021

The paper seeks to explore the transformative essence of intellectual feminism in Africa, with particular reference to the contributions of Amina Mama. Following textual and contextual exegeses of works by or on the focal scholar-activist, as well as insights drawn on extant literature on aspects of her gender/feminist engagements/scholarship, the paper posits that Amina Mama has made significant transformative contributions in various sites of intellectual feminism, especially in the areas of intellectual resourcing, academic leadership and mentoring, as well as strategic scholarly activism/advocacy. Among other things, the study intends to set an agenda on how to effectively link feminist scholarship to practice in an effort to mainstreaming social transformation in Africa.
Further results onq-Lie groups,q-Lie algebras andq-homogeneous spaces
Authors: Ernst Thomas
Published: March 2021

We introduce most of the concepts forq-Lie algebras in a way independent of the base fieldK. Again it turns out that we can keep the same Lie algebra with a small modification. We use very similar definitions for all quantities, which means that the proofs are similar. In particular, the quantities solvable, nilpotent, semisimpleq-Lie algebra, Weyl group and Weyl chamber are identical with the ordinary caseq= 1. The computations of sampleq-roots for certain well-knownq-Lie groups contain an extraq-addition, and consequently, for most of the quantities which areq-deformed, we add a prefixqin the respective name. Important examples are theq-Cartan subalgebra and theq-Cartan Killing form. We introduce the conceptq-homogeneous spaces in a formal way exemplified by the examplesSUq(1,1)SOq(2){{S{U_q}\left( {1,1} \right)} \over {S{O_q}\left( 2 \right)}}andSOq(3)SOq(2){{S{O_q}\left( 3 \right)} \over {S{O_q}\left( 2 \right)}}with correspondingq-Lie groups andq-geodesics. By introducing aq-deformed semidirect product, we can define exact sequences ofq-Lie groups and some other interestingq-homogeneous spaces. We give an example of the correspondingq-Iwasawa decomposition for SLq(2).
Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic application of Sophora mollis leaf extract mediated silver nanoparticles
Authors: Nazir Arif , Farooq Saqib , Abbas Mazhar , Alabbad Eman A. , Albalawi Hind , Alwadai Norah , Almuqrin Aljohara H. , Iqbal Munawar
Published: March 2021

This study reports green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) from Sophora mollis leaf extract. The use of S. mollis extract for preparation of Ag NPs was investigated using different techniques. Dark brown color indicates formation of nanoparticles. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) analysis revealed that plant extract act as a reducing and capping agent. Morphological aspects of Ag NPs were ascertained by means of SEM studies. Energy dispersive and FTIR spectroscopy results showed chemical composition and plant extract functionality respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed particle size of 70 nm. Antibacterial activity of NPs was investigated by disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration method. Antioxidant activity of NPs was shown by DPPH assay. The photo catalytic efficiency of synthesized Ag NPs was evaluated by degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV irradiation. Ag NPs degraded MB dye up to 88% in 160 min. It is concluded that these NPs could be employed for degradation of toxic industrial effluents. Result proved the green synthesis of Ag NPs from S. mollis extract is clean, economical and safe method.
YER ELMASI TOZU İLAVESİNİN EKŞİ HAMUR FERMANTASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ÇETİN Hümeyra , ARSLAN TONTUL Sultan , AKIN Nihat
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada yer elması (Helianthus tuberosus) tozunun (YET), ekşi hamur fermantasyonu sırasında laktik asit bakterilerinin (LAB) fermentatif aktivitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ekşi hamur fermantasyon ortamına, %15 oranına kadar YET ikamesinin LAB sayısını arttırdığı ancak bu oranın üzerinde herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Fermantasyon süresi boyunca örneklerin ortalama LAB sayısı 6.77 log kob/g değerinden 9.15 log kob/g değerine ulaşmıştır. Ekşi hamur örneklerinin pH değeri 48 saatlik süre içerisinde tüm örneklerde ortalama olarak 6.26 değerinden 3.88 değerine azalmış ve YET ilavesinin asitliği baskılayıcı bir rol oynadığı tespit edilmiştir. Titrasyon asitliği değeri, fermantasyon süresi boyunca artarak ortalama %0.24 değerinden %0.85 değerine yükselmiş ve en yüksek titrasyon asitliği değeri %15 YET ilave edilmiş ekşi hamur fermantasyon ortamında elde edilmiştir. En yüksek indirgen şeker içeriği ise 136.38 g/kg değeri ile %20 YET içeren örneklerde tespit edilmiş olup fermantasyon süresi örneklerin indirgen şeker içeriğinde istatistiksel olarak önemli bir değişime neden olmamıştır.
Buddyzm „teistyczny” czy „ateistyczny”? Polemika B. Alana Wallace’a ze Stephenem Batchelorem
Authors:   Zakład Religioznawstwa i Filozofii Religii UwB, Sieradzan Jacek
Published: March 2021

The article „Is Buddhism theistic or atheistic? Polemic of B. Alan Wallace with Stephen Batchelor” discuss polemic between two Western buddhologists B. Alan Wallace and Stephen Batchelor concerning question whether nature of Buddhism is „theistic” or „atheistic”. Both are critical towards Buddhism, but if Batchelor is sceptical of value of Buddhist doctrines, including doctrine of rebirth, Wallace try to remove his doubts by looking for paralels between Buddhism and science. Buddhism is middle way between extremities, in this case between theism and atheism. Many buddhists and buddhologists regards it to be nontheistic. In this polemic Buddha Śakyamuni would probably take medium position between „theism” and „atheism”. Both conceptions are creations of a mind, and Buddhism is way of contemplation which aims to find peace of mind beyond mind.
Arithmology and monadology of Nikolai Bugaev
Authors:   Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, Drozdek Adam
Published: March 2021

Nikolai Bugaev was a mathematician keenly interested in philosophy. He stressed the role of discontinuity in his mathematical research that he called arithmology. He also emphasized the importance of discontinuity in nature which he embodied in his version of monadology. The article discusses the viability of his philosophical investigations.
A critical analysis of dialogue in Levinas’ ethics
Authors:   Department of Philosophy and Religions, Faculty of Arts, University of Benin, Nigeria, Jeko Victor O. , Ukagba George ,   Department of Philosophy and Religions, Faculty of Arts, University of Benin, Nigeria
Published: March 2021

Levinas’s ethics has not been able to address the plethora of human challenges arising from the ethical quicksand and moral quandaries in our existential world. The problem of ethics in Levinas’ s philosophical cum phenomenological analysis, is the problem of human communication, social interaction, human emancipation, freedom, and existential/ metaphysical relations. Freedom has become not just a hot concept in different fields of study, but a very powerful and a driving concept. For Levinas, freedom is not just the absence of constraints or impediments but obedience to laws and even the laws of nature inclusive. This paper adopted the method of hermeneutic to critically analyze Levinas’s phenomenological ethics. This paper concludes by exposing the facts that human communication or interaction is based on understanding and the ethics of difference is part and parcel of inter-subjectivity. Dasein is always faced with the fulfilment in its lived temporality. A sharing of the world is an essential characteristics of human togetherness. Dasein, in its dialogical engagement and existential commitment is usually based on freedom, strife, world sharing and resistance. Dialogical philosophy is the foremost part of world’s cosmic law of concrete social network.
Wspólnota nagiego życia i postawa bioetyczna w Requiem dla Saddama Husajna i innych wierszach dla ubogich duchem Konrada Góry
Authors:   Wydział Filologiczny Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Sęczyk Jakub
Published: March 2021

This article explores book of poems entitled Requiem for Saddam Hussein and Other Poems for the Poor in Spirit by Konrad Góra in the light of animal studies. Looking at the poetic and beyond poetic activity of its author, this work reffers to Joanna Żylińska's question about ethical living founded on understandig of life both as zoe and bios. Think of the special opposition of village and city is trying to read this book in connection with mentioned vision of life. These both areas shows presentifications and redefinings of persona in poems from Requiem and beyond poetic activity. By concentrating on poems specific for „nature” and „civilization this research will show how the mechanism of subordinating bare life (la nuda vita) works and how it concerns to both sides of the opposition of village and city. This article ask also for non-victims community, position and power of modern literature and involvment.
Między episteme i doksa. Polemika z Witoldem Płotką
Authors:   Polska Akademia Nauk, Sobota Daniel Roland
Published: March 2021

The aim of presented article is the discussion with several theses of Witold Płotka's book Studia z fenomenologii poznania. Transcendentalna filozofia Edmunda Husserla a problem wiedzy [Studies in the Phenomenology of Cognition. Transcendental Philosophy of Edmund Husserl and the Problem of Knowledge]. After a short presentation of its main theses, the article subjects them to criticism. It starts with a observation that Husserl's theory of cognition, as reconstructed by Płotka, assumes the primacy of theoretical reason, which results in two major problems: ignoring the ontological assumptions of cognition as such and its life-world context. The introduction of the latter element into the discussion implies radical reconstruction of the phenomenology of cognition in the direction of the phenomenology of life.
Smutek i puste miejsce ontologii
Authors:   Wydział Filologiczny Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, Raube Sławomir
Published: March 2021

Sadness is one of the most important philosophical issues. However, it was not often a problem that philosophers devoted a lot of time to. What does sadness involve? What are its consequences? What is its meaning? Sadness is a part of existence. How does philosophical reflection interpret this problem?
Koncepcje podmiotowości w filozofii kartezjańskiej i psychoanalizie lacanowskiej z perspektywy retorycznej
Authors:   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny, Gotchold Agnieszka
Published: March 2021

The paper discusses the question of human subjectivity as defined by René Descartes (1596-1650) and Jacques Lacan (1901-1981). It examines the similarities as well as differences between the selfconscious and rational Cartesian subject, and the unconscious Lacanian subject (subject as desire and subject as drive). Further, it applies these categories to the subsequent discussion on the psychotic subject. Taking a rhetorical perspective means that the Cartesian and Lacanian subjects are considered an effect of specific tropological processes, such as the mechanisms of metonymy, synecdoche, metaphor, or catachresis. As it turns out, an analysis of rhetorical tropes allows us to uncover the unconscious linguistic mechanisms governing the formation of the human subject. Despite the obvious differences between the concepts of subjectivity in Cartesian philosophy and Lacanian psychoanalysis, there is a common denominator: it is due to the process of metaphorical substitution that the human subject comes into being.
Anthony Storr i jego wizja „twórczej choroby”
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Olchanowski Tomasz
Published: March 2021

Author of the article presents the phenomenon of "creative illness" through the prism of the views of the British psychiatrist Anthony Storr. The central issue of this article is the close relationship between genius and mental illness. The experience of "creative illness" (deep mental crisis, "dark night of the soul") was characteristic of many mystics, religious sect leaders and visionaries who created original philosophical and psychological concepts and made discoveries in the field of exact sciences. The author pays special attention to the crises of Freud and Jung, thanks to which visionaries created ideas that changed our perception of man and his culture. Anthony Storr treats them not so much as scientists, but as inspirational gurus.
Analisis Bentuk Aransemen Lagu Anoman Obong Ciptaan Ranto Edi Gudel Untuk Paduan Suara Karya V. Mangunsongs
Authors: Febriagazi Tendian , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: March 2021

The song Anoman Obong by Ranto Edi Gudel is a song that uses Javanese. The song was arranged into a choir format by V. Mangunsongs. The arrangement by V. Mangunsongs in the song Anoman Obong is unique, one of which is the combination of story and tragedy in the form of a SATB choir. This study aims to describe the form of the arrangement of the Anoman Obong song composed by Ranto Edi Gudel arranged for the choir by V. Mangunsongs. This study uses a qualitative approach with content analysis methods. Data collection was carried out through observation, interview and documentation methods. Interviews were conducted with competent speakers in this field as well as the aranger of Anoman Obong's song, namely V. Mangunsongs aka Eko Agus Kandung. The stages in analyzing data are data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The validity of the data was obtained through the data source triangulation technique. Overall, the Anoman Obong song composed by Ranto Edi Gudel arranged for the choir by V. Mangunsongs has 111 bar rooms. The form of this arrangement is including free or group forms with Introductions (bar 1-24) - Part A (bar 25-35) - Part A '(bar 35-43) - Part B (bar 44-58) - Interlude (bar 58 -66) - Transition (bar 67-86) - Part B '(bar 87-101) - Postlude (bar 101-111). In this work, there are many changes in tempo and dynamic signs to support the atmosphere of Anoman Obong's story and tragedy. The results show that this work can transform a previously simple vocal song into a more complex choir.
Analisis Aransemen Lagu A Whole New World Ciptaan Tim Rice dan Alan Menken pada Instrumen String oleh Steve Deaprof Band di Pekalongan
Authors: Kristerika Agnes Firda , Susetyo Bagus
Published: March 2021

Aransemen instrumen string lagu A Whole New World oleh Steve Deaprof Band dibuat menarik dan modern, sehingga membuat lagu tersebut menjadi lebih variatif terutama pada isian (filler) string yang berbeda dari lagu aslinya.  Hal ini melatarbelakangi peneliti untuk melakukan sebuah penelitian ini. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan aransemen instrumen string lagu A Whole New World oleh Steve Deaprof Band. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Lokasi Penelitian di kantor Steve Deaprof yakni di Jln. KHM Mansyur no.3, Bendan, Pekalongan. Teknik pengumpulan data antara lain: teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.Teknik keabsahan data. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu analisis dalam bentuk pernyataan dan analisis yang diungkapkan dengan deskripsi Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aransemen instrumen string lagu A Whole New World memiliki 3 kali perpindahan tangganada (modulasi) dan fill in pada beberapa bagian lagu.

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Abstract

The string instrument arrangement of the song A Whole New World by Steve Deaprof Band was made attractive and modern, thus making the song more varied, especially in the different string fillers from the original song. This is the background for researchers to conduct this research. The aim of this research is to know and describe the string instrument arrangement of the song A Whole New World by Steve Deaprof Band. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative. The research location is in Steve Deaprof's office, which is Jln. KHM Mansyur no.3, Bendan, Pekalongan. Data collection techniques include: observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Data validity techniques. The data analysis in this research is descriptive qualitative, namely analysis in the form of statements and analysis expressed with descriptions. The results show that the arrangement of the string instrument A Whole New World has 3 times the scale shift (modulation) and fill in on several parts of the song.
Cells responding to hedgehog signaling contribute to the theca of ovarian follicles
Authors: Cowan Robert G , Quirk Susan M
Published: March 2021

Cell-fate mapping was used to identify cells that respond to the hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway and that are incorporated into the theca cell layer during ovarian follicle development. Expression of Gli1 is increased by HH signaling and can be used as a marker of cells responsive to HH in reporter mice. In transgenic Gli1ERcre/tdT mice, injection of tamoxifen (TAM) induces cre-mediated recombination and expression of td tomato (tdT) which leads to permanent fluorescent marking of cells expressing Gli1 and their progeny. The identity of tdT-positive cells was determined by co-staining ovaries for endothelial cells (CD31), pericytes (CSPG4), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC; smooth muscle actin) and steroidogenic cells (cytochrome P450 17A1). Gli1ERcre/tdT mice were injected with TAM on the day of birth. Cells positive for tdT in 2-day-old mice were identified as pericytes, located primarily in the medulla of the ovary in close proximity to endothelial cells. In both prepubertal mice and adult mice treated with equine chorionic gonadotropin to induce the formation of preovulatory follicles, tdT-positive cells were located within the theca cell layer and were identified as pericytes, VSMC and steroidogenic theca cells. Granulosa cells are known to express two HH ligands, Indian HH and desert HH (DHH). In DHHcre/tdT reporter mice, endothelial cells were marked as tdT-positive indicating that endothelial cells, in addition to granulosa cells, express Dhh in the ovary. These findings suggest that HH signaling may stimulate the development of the vasculature along with steroidogenic capacity of the theca layer during follicle development.
THE TECHNOLOGY BASED SECTORS IN MEXICO: AN ANALYSIS FOR THE FIRM SIZE AND THE PRODUCTION SCALE
Authors: ALARCÓN-OSUNA MOISES ALEJANDRO , DÍAZ-PÉREZ CLAUDIA DEL CARMEN
Published: March 2021

Many authors have remarked the importance of the Technology Based Firm (TBF) inthe last years, in part due to factors like innovation, production scale, technological changeand their flexibility in the production processes to create aggregate value. Instead of thesearguments there is not a definition of the technology based sectors, these sectors and theirtechnological level are described in this article. It is also analyzed the returns of scale and thesize composition of these technological sectors, where it is shown that the technology basedSMEs are as efficient as the large enterprises.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BRAZILIAN MUNICIPALITIES FROM THEIMPLEMENTATION OF THE TAX MANAGEMENT MODERNIZATION PROGRAM - PMAT
Authors: DUTRA ADEMAR , PLATT ANA PAULA ADRIANO , ENSSLIN SANDRA ROLIM , RIPOLL FELIU VICENTE MATEO , CASAGRANDE JACIR LEONIR
Published: March 2021

The Federal Government has made available to Brazilian municipalities the PMAT in order to modernize and strengthen tax administration. Because it is public money, it becomes necessary to implement measures to control the application of the Program investments. The objective of this research is to propose a model of performance evaluation for municipalities that implemented PMAT, which aims to: (i) identify the objectives, characteristics and criteria required by PMAT to enable municipal governments in obtaining resources, (ii) define the criteria needed to make the model structure for evaluating the performance of municipalities from the implementation of PMAT (iii) determine the parameters of judgment to allow evaluation of the municipalities. To achieve the objectives of the research it was conducted an exploratory study with qualitative / quantitative approaches. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. As a result of research we propose a model of performance evaluation for municipalities that implemented PMAT, containing 70 descriptors linked to 14 critical points of view, organized in four areas of interest, and consistent with the characteristics and objectives required by the program.
Effect of public spending on agricultural productivity in Nigeria (1981-2018)
Authors: Apata Temidayo
Published: March 2021

This study examines the effect of public spending on agricultural productivity in major agro-ecological regions in Nigeria (1981-2018). Using public finance data from agricultural and the non-agricultural sectors at a national level, agricultural productivity returns were analysed. Public spending on drivers of agricultural growth such as education, farm feeder roads and health care facilities and their effect on agricultural productivity were also examined. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and three-stage simultaneous equations. Descriptive statistics analysis results indicated that agricultural public spending as a part of total public spending averaged 4.88% between 1981 and 2018 across zones in Nigeria. Less than 25% of this allocation was spent on agricultural developmental/capital project. Elasticity results computed from the 3-stage simultaneous equation showed that the access to moderate farm feeder roads variable was 0.045, the access to education variable was 0.071 and the access to health care facilities (within 15-30 minutes’ walk to health facility) variable was 0.013. These variables were all significant at 1%. Such outcomes suggest that a 1% increase in the funding of education, farm feeder roads and health care facilities will enhance agricultural productivity per capita by 0.043. Hence, the results revealed an estimated benefit-cost-ratio of 4.3:1. Consequently, public expenditure on education, farm feeder roads and health care facilities of 4.3% would enhance agricultural productivity by 1%. However, the assessed marginal consequences and returns vary for four agro-ecological regions. Hence, harmonizing along with quality public spending on access to health care facilities, education and farm feeder roads would enhance agricultural productivity
The Poetics of the Novella in Correlation to Vasyl Stefanyk's Artistic Vision
Authors: Khorob Stepan
Published: March 2021

The article discusses correlations between artistic vision and poetics in Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas. It is argued that the writer’s modernist aesthetic experience left its imprint on his literary works. The author concludes that the writer’s artistic vision followed a dynamic course of development correlating with the poetics of the novella and enriching the stylistic color scheme of his narrative prose.