bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Care: Improving Attendance at a Student-Run Free Psychiatry Clinic
Authors: Mause Elizabeth , Crowther Lauren , Munger Emmali , Qadri Syed
Published: May 2023

Background: One-time clinic attendance and inconsistent follow-up are common in patients experiencing homelessness and those who access care in student-run free clinics (SRFCs). While mental health concerns are prevalent in this population, the consistent follow-up and longitudinal care necessary to improve patient outcomes has many barriers. The primary objective of this study was to assess and address the patient-identified barriers to attendance at a SRFC that operates out of a homeless shelter in Omaha, Nebraska.

Methods: Through a survey, patients indicated if one or more barriers in a list of examples had prevented their attendance in the past. This study also ascertained if patients had social support in place and reviewed demographic information. Between September 2020 and May 2021, 14 psychiatry clinics were held bimonthly with 35 different patients during which each patient was requested to complete a survey. Of the 35 requested, 13 patients completed the survey.

Results: Of the 13 patients, 62% reported at least one barrier to care. Primary barriers patients experience are forgetting appointment time (38%), feeling so poorly they don’t feel like going (31%), and having problems with transportation (31%). Although not statistically significant, there was a trend of having a case manager (OR = 0.2143, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.0136 - 3.3698) or having at least two social support systems (OR = 0.2143, 95% CI 0.0136 - 3.3698) decreased the odds that patients would report two or more barriers to care.

Conclusions: Over half of the participants reported at least one barrier to care. Although not statistically significant, there was a trend that having a case manager and social support reduced the odds of patients reporting barriers. We suspect that creating stronger relationships with patients directly through patient liaisons and strengthening relationships with case managers will improve communication and decrease no-show rates.
Improving Equitable Access to Imaging: Developing an On-Site Ultrasound Service at a Student-Run Free Clinic
Authors: Neel Nicholas , McMillan Aislinn , Hsieh Lee , Bazzy Jimmy , Tadros Anthony , Tamayo-Murillo Dorathy
Published: May 2023

Background: Student-run free clinics (SRFC) provide comprehensive primary care for uninsured populations throughout the country. However, imaging remains a barrier to care for underserved communities that experience inequitable access to healthcare. In this study, we describe the establishment of a radiology specialty clinic (RSC) that served as an in-house ultrasound imaging service at our institution's SRFC.

Methods: Between September 2019 and March 2020, patients were scheduled for imaging at the free clinic site, and studies were performed and read by institutional radiologists. Patient data were reviewed to assess patient demographics, study indication, ultrasound type, and time between referral and appointment. Lastly, imaging utilization was examined seven months prior to and seven months after implementing the free ultrasound clinic to assess any changes in usage, wait time, or referral patterns using Fischer’s exact test and unpaired student t-tests.

Results: A total of 10 patients were seen during the clinic’s operation, with 11 studies being performed.  Overall, usage patterns stayed consistent pre and post-implementation. There was no significant difference in wait times between referral and appointment (pre-RSC 15 days vs. post-RSC 18.5 days, p=0.91) and the RSC demonstrated a total cost savings of $770 to the clinic.

Conclusions: We describe the implementation of an in-house ultrasound imaging service at our SRFC. The RSC provided increased access to imaging, demonstrated cost-savings to the SRFC, and had no negative effects on ultrasound usage or wait times between referrals and appointments.
COVID-19 Related Mental Health Among a Sample of Families Transitioning from Homelessness Living in a Communal Housing Facility
Authors: Yang Phillip , Tsai Jack , Robles-Ramamurthy Barbara , Emko Nida
Published: May 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the health and mental health of individuals experiencing homelessness. However, little research has investigated the pandemic’s impact on families experiencing homelessness, who likely experienced greater stressors due to the additional responsibilities of managing the needs of children. Student-run free clinics (SRFCs) can provide important needs assessment investigations and mental health interventions in underserved communities. This study examined the effect of the pandemic on the mental health of one sample of families experiencing homelessness associated with an SRFC.

Methods: Between November and December 2020, families experiencing homelessness at a homeless shelter in San Antonio, Texas were surveyed. Twenty-one parent and 20 child questionnaire responses on the pandemic’s effect on health, depression, and anxiety were analyzed. One-sample t-test with Bonferroni correction was used for statistical analysis.

Results: Parents experiencing homelessness reported statistically significant worsening of coping ability, stress levels, family situation, financial situation, physical health, mental health, depression, and anxiety symptoms at the time of the survey compared to prior to the pandemic. Adults reported more worsening of anxiety symptoms than depression symptoms. Loneliness was the only general health measure that was not significantly worsened. In their young children (mean age = 6.7 years), parents reported no worsening of any outcomes.

Conclusions: Our sample of families experiencing homelessness reported significant life and mental health challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic. People experiencing homelessness who live in a communal housing facility may protect against characteristic pandemic-related loneliness. Young children may require developmentally focused clinical assessments to adequately capture mental health challenges. SRFCs should be equipped to provide specialized mental health services and other community health services, such as vaccinations, to reduce pandemic-related morbidity and mortality.
Medical Student-Run Free Orthopaedic Clinic: Impact of Coordinator Role on Specialty Selection
Authors: Koetter Paige , Thomas Rachel , Gallo Robert
Published: May 2023

Background: Medical student-run free clinics provide opportunities for future physicians to accrue practical experience early in their medical education. Subspecialty clinics including orthopaedics provide a unique opportunity to gain exposure to musculoskeletal anatomy and pathology. These clinics are organized and managed by a student clinic coordinator. In this study, we seek to understand the impact that being the clinic coordinator of the musculoskeletal clinic plays in specialty selection. 

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted by gathering electronic survey responses from former student clinic coordinators at the Penn State College of Medicine student-run musculoskeletal clinic from years, 2009 to 2017. The respondents described the influence of the coordinator role on residency selection. Additionally, the survey consisted of a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) regarding the student’s motivation for participating in the clinic as a coordinator.

Results: From 2009 to 2017, there were 18 LionCare Orthopaedic Surgery Clinic Coordinators with a male-to-female ratio was 1.25:1. Residency specialty selection was Orthopaedic Surgery (n=8, 44.4%), Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (4, 22.2%), Family Medicine (2, 11.1%), Cardiothoracic Surgery (1, 5.6%), General Surgery (1, 5.6%), Obstetrics & Gynecology (1, 5.6%), and Emergency Medicine (1, 5.6%). The most commonly cited reason for participation as clinic coordinator was “interest in helping an underserved population.” 

Conclusions: The study illustrates an association between the role of orthopaedic clinic coordinator and entering a specialty focused on musculoskeletal care. More than half of the students who participated as a clinic coordinator pursued specialties involving musculoskeletal care (Orthopaedics and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation). Student-run medical clinics present an opportunity to provide early exposure to musculoskeletal medicine and potential avenue for orthopaedic education and mentorship.
Association Between Social Support and PHQ-4 Scores at a Student-Run Free Clinic
Authors: Kunta Avaneesh , Katoju SriVarsha , Barnes Leah , Nguyen Oliver , Daga Anshul , Cartagena Gabriel , Motwani Kartik , Feller David
Published: May 2023

Background: Student-run free clinics (SRFCs) can provide quality mental health care to low-income and uninsured populations who are at a greater risk of depression. Evidence demonstrates the association between social support and severity of depression, but this relationship has not been analyzed in an SRFC. Thus, we assessed the association between social support and depressive symptoms.Methods: We used electronic health records data for patients from 2013-2020 (n=2,501 patients). The dependent variable was severity of depression symptoms as determined by scores on the patient health questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). Higher PHQ-4 scores correspond to increased severity of depression. The main predictor was the patient's social support, which was defined by their employment status, marital status, and the number of individuals in their household. We conducted a multinomial regression model to control for other patient-level factors (i.e. race, sex, and age).Results: When controlling for other factors, patients with higher social support scores had lower odds of scoring a 4 on the PHQ-4 (Odds ratio [OR]=0.838, 95% Confidence interval (CI)=0.770-0.912). When examining specific social support sources, when compared to patients who reported being not-married, those who were married had lower odds of scoring a 4 on the PHQ-4 (OR=0.578, 95% CI=0.401-0.833). Compared to patients who reported being employed, those who were unemployed had greater odds of scoring a 4 on the PHQ-4 (OR=2.323, 95% CI=1.766-3.055). We observed no significant differences in PHQ-4 by the number of people in the household.Conclusion: Patients with greater social support were associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Specifically, employment status and marital status may be larger contributors to a patient’s social support. Our results allow SRFCs to offer interventions such as investing in social work programs and community partnerships that offer professional development and employment opportunities to patients.
Implementation of a Preventative Health Series at a Student-Run Free Clinic
Authors: Sharma Shelly , Kamran Wali , Conforti Mark , Tempera Patrick , Cooney Alessia , Fliorent Rebecca , Mukhopadhyay Sweta , Brolis Nils
Published: May 2023

The Rowan Community Health Clinic (RCHC), located in a small community in southern New Jersey, strives to promote positive healthcare experiences as part of its service in a largely underserved area. A significant number of RCHC’s patients are immigrants, lack primary care physicians, or have difficulty communicating with doctors. Many of them demonstrate limited health literacy, which has been associated with mismanagement of health conditions, increased costs, and distrust of physicians. Lack of opportunities for health education may contribute to decreased health literacy.

To address this concern affecting its patient population, the RCHC implemented a monthly Preventative Health Series (PHS) with the goal of engaging the community in order to improve health literacy. A specific health topic was emphasized each month, such as Diabetes Awareness in November and Mental Health Awareness in December. Infographics providing information about the selected topic were shared throughout the month via social media. Furthermore, during the third week of the month, a doctor or medical student gave an interactive presentation intended to facilitate discussion about the topic among healthcare workers and community members. Due to the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, these discussions had to be conducted online. However, using an online platform also allowed us to reach a wider audience.
The Intentional Interprofessional Education Model: A Conceptual Framework to Achieve an Interprofessional, Team-Based Approach in a Student Run Clinic
Authors: Nelson Jessica , Hart Emma , Otero-Bell Eliana , Rogers Heidi , Fox Lindsay , Fleg Anthony
Published: May 2023

We introduce the conceptual framework of the Intentional Interprofessional Education (Intentional IPE) Model based on the understanding that it takes mindfulness and intentionality for interprofessional teams to build relationships and work together effectively in a structured manner at a Student-Run Clinic (SRC). This Intentional IPE Model developed organically through experiences and conversations over several years among patients, students, and faculty at a SRC in Albuquerque, New Mexico, serving men experiencing homelessness. Teamwork is at the heart of the Intentional IPE Model, and it is also centered on the following values: curiosity, reflective listening, role exploration, vulnerability, respect, mentorship, and patient partnership. For students and faculty to engage in deep and productive interprofessional learning, professional health philosophies, priorities, and roles must be laid out, and curiosity should be encouraged. Our reflective paper emphasizes the ways the Intentional IPE Model can enhance student-faculty-patient experiences in SRC settings
Filling a Gap in Healthcare for the Transgender Community in the Central Savannah River Area
Authors: Casanova Tracy , Yohannan Jiby , Wood Elizabeth , Griffin James , Wallace Catherine , Brands Susan , Draheim Amanda , Stepleman Lara
Published: May 2023

Background: Lack of insurance coverage and provider training are significant barriers that contribute to health disparities among members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community. Locality can exacerbate health disparities due to lack of competent providers and higher levels of community stigma. The Equality Clinic in Augusta, GA, was created by medical students at the Medical College of Georgia to provide care to uninsured or underinsured members of the LGBTQ community in the Central Savannah River Area. The purpose of the following report is to examine demographic characteristics and presenting concerns of patients served by the Equality Clinic during its first two years of existence.

Methods: The current report utilized retrospective medical record review from the first two years of operation to identify trends in patient demographics, presenting concerns, and service utilization.

Results: Although the Equality Clinic was created to provide multiple facets of healthcare to the broader LGBTQ community, the services that were utilized in the first two years were strongly composed of gender affirmative care for those who identified as transgender. Overall, the patients served at the Equality Clinic were healthy with few chronic health conditions reported, however, a high rate of substance use was endorsed.

Conclusions: This study may point to unique needs of transgender patients and highlights the lack of access to gender-related care in the rural southeast United States.
Eco bloques con visión al manejo sustentable de residuos sólidos de la industria eléctrica
Authors: Agreda Oña José Luis , Ruiz Depablos Joseline Luisa
Published: May 2023

Este proyecto de investigación presenta un modelo de producción viable para empresas que realizan procesos de industrialización, reduciendo la contaminación ambiental. Es así, que se caracterizan residuos de la ceniza de Aluminio (c Al), como material de construcción, sustituyendo al árido fino arena y el revestimiento de cable de PVC triturado, como material para la mezcla, reduciendo en pequeñas cantidades el material grueso chasqui. Para completar, se agrega agua, 150 kg de polvo blanco y 50 kg cemento, logrando crear eco-blocs, con ayuda de la máquina de mezclado y la prensa hidráulica de la bloquera TOAMEN, ubicada en el cantón Salcedo de la Provincia de Cotopaxi. En el sistema de producción, se verificó que se pueden elaborar en un día de 700 a 800 bloques. Se realizaron tres pruebas en la bloquera, con diferentes porcentajes para mezcla que se convierten en una alternativa, tanto económica como ambiental. Los bloques son fabricados en frío, no se utiliza ningún horno para su elaboración y se ocupará parte de cemento y agua correctamente mezclados, compactados y curados. De esta manera, se fabricarán bloques rectangulares, que son los más utilizados en la construcción, por su diseño sencillo y acoplamiento a los elementos estructurales.
Capacitación para emprendimientos al servicio de la comunidad en el cantón La Maná de Cotopaxi en el periodo 2022 al 2024
Authors: Cabrera Toscano Eduardo Fabricio , Valencia Neto Mayra Elizeth , Pazmiño Cano Gloria Evelina , Medina López Enry Gutember
Published: May 2023

El presente proyecto denominado “Capacitación para emprendimientos al servicio de la comunidad”, tiene un aporte directo con la población del cantón La Maná. Se han identificado las habilidades y destrezas de la comunidad lamanense, al observar la generación de nuevas ideas, productos, artículos o servicios para satisfacer las necesidades y requerimientos del mercado. Estas condiciones incitan el establecimiento de iniciativas de mejora, generando nuevas plazas de trabajo y empleo mediante el emprendimiento comunitario organizado. Todas estas actividades aportan a la economía de las familias y aportan al bienestar y desarrollo del cantón. El capacitar a los emprendedores del cantón La Maná, relaciona directamente a toda la comunidad con la línea de investigación administración y economía para el desarrollo sostenible de organizaciones. Esta línea orienta a generar investigaciones que aborden temas relacionados con la mejora de los procesos administrativos y la gestión de organizaciones productivas y no productivas, indagando en nuevos modelos económicos que repercutan en la consolidación del estado democrático, el sistema económico solidario y sostenible que fortalezca la ciudadanía, contribuyendo a impulsar la transformación de la matriz productiva, la economía solidaria y el desarrollo sostenible.
Implementación de Servicios Integrados Participativos de Clima para la Agricultura (PICSA) en la Comunidad Llactahurco de Cotopaxi
Authors: Cajo Solano Sonia Alexandra , Paredes Salán Mariela Cristina , Terán Oñate Rommel Andrés , Verdezoto Salazar Angela Gabriela
Published: May 2023

ambio climático es un fenómeno que afecta a los productores de todo el mundo. Entre ellos, están inmersos los pequeños agricultores de la sierra ecuatoriana, que son dependientes de las condiciones climáticas para sus medios de vida. Estos productores se ven afectados por la alta variabilidad del tiempo en sus procesos productivos. En este ámbito, la metodología Servicios Integrados Participativos de Clima para la Agricultura (PICSA), busca fortalecer conocimientos de productores de las localidades, para influenciar la toma de decisiones fundamentadas, basándose en información climática y meteorológica precisa y específica por sitio. También, analiza los cultivos pertinentes según su ubicación, alternativas de especies pecuarias y actividades de subsistencia. En consecuencia, la herramienta engloba 12 pasos interesantes que facilitan construir la información de forma participativa y permiten entender las percepciones y desafíos que enfrentan los agricultores de las comunidades. En conclusión, la metodología complementa los conocimientos locales y motiva a las familias rurales a explorar formas de mejorar su bienestar familiar y sus ingresos económicos, partiendo de los recursos disponibles, mediante innovaciones como tecnificación de riego, cosecha de agua, implementación de reservorios, preparación del suelo, abonamiento, siembra, prácticas culturales (deshierbas y aporques), diversificación de cultivos a través de frutales y flores, mejoramiento de animales mayores y menores, cosecha y comercialización de sus productos. La importancia del rol de la mujer se evidenció, puesto que es la encargada de realizar la mayoría de las actividades agropecuarias para el beneficio familiar, debido al fenómeno migratorio de los hombres a la ciudad. Sin embargo, este efecto es positivo para el empoderamiento de las mujeres que viven en comunidades rurales.
La capacitación turística como una estrategia para el desarrollo turístico de la provincia de Cotopaxi
Authors: Guamán Guevara Adolfo Ricardo , Andrade Ayala Andrea Isabel , Álvarez Lema Freddy Anaximandro , Guamán Guevara Fabricio
Published: May 2023

El desarrollo de modelos teóricos ha permitido establecer la implementación de talleres de capacitación y formación liderados y llevados a cabo por Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES), como solución viable para el mejoramiento en la calidad del servicio turístico, sobre todo, en países en desarrollo como el Ecuador. La adquisición de conocimientos con valor agregado, permite que las personas desarrollen habilidades prácticas y competencias, para participar eficientemente en actividades relacionadas con el sector del turismo, hotelería y viajes. Es por esta razón, que la presente investigación tuvo la finalidad de establecer la efectividad de los talleres de capacitación que recibieron los prestadores de servicio turísticos ubicados en los diferentes cantones de la provincia de Cotopaxi, en la zona central del Ecuador. El estudio tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, correlacional, y transversal. Un total de 130 prestadores de servicio turísticos participaron en una encuesta, cuyo cuestionario fue fiable y validado por varias técnicas. Los resultados preliminares revelan, que los prestadores de servicio turísticos poseen un alto nivel de satisfacción, interés, y aceptación hacia los talleres de capacitación, indicando además un incremento considerable en sus conocimientos con valor agregado. El fortalecimiento de capacidades ha permitido desenvolverse adecuadamente y mejorar el servicio al cliente vinculado al sector del turismo. Se concluye que los ciclos de capacitación fueron eficaces, impulsando así a los participantes a tener un mayor interés en temas turísticos, mejorar sus actividades empresariales y mostrar una actitud positiva hacia futuros talleres de capacitación que forman del programa de Vinculación con la Sociedad y Servicio Comunitario de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi. Cabe recalcar que estas acciones fueron apoyadas por el personal técnico de los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados parroquiales y cantonales. A corto plazo, el sector turístico local y regional se beneficiará de poseer un talento humano altamente capacitado para contribuir con el desarrollo y bienestar socio-económico de sus comunidades.
PERNIKAHAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Hasbi M Fikri , Apandi Dede
Published: May 2023

Pernikahan merupakan salah satu fitrah kemanusiaan (‘garizah insaniyah) naluri kemanusiaan, karena itu islam menganjurkan menikah. Bila garizah tidak dipenuhi dengan jalan yang sah yaitu pernikahan, maka ia akan mencari jalan-jalan syetan yang banyak menjerumuskan ke lembah hitam. Islam telah menjadikan ikatan pernikahan yang sah berdasarkan al-Qur’an dan as-Sunah sebagai satu-satunya sarana untuk memenuhi tuntunan naluri manusia yang asasi serta sarana untuk membina keluarga yang islami. Penelitian ini ditunjukan untuk mengadakan kajian yang lebih mendalam terhadap makna yang terkandung di balik teks ayat al-Qur’an tentang menikah, sehingga dapat  diketahui dengan jelas bagaimana ayat al-Qur’an berbicara mengenai pernikahan. Hasil dari penelelitian ini penululis menyoimpulkan bahwa bahwa dalam pernikahan terdapat tuntunan hakiki yaitu kebahagiaan yang bersifat rohani, karena pada hakekatnya perkawinan menurut Allah  dalam firman-Nya telah memberikan kesempatan kepada  manusia untuk meraih kebahagiaan jasmani dan rohani melalui pernikahan yang menimbulkan halalnya hubungan antara laki- laki dan perempuan dari suatu perkawinan. Berpasang  pasangan merupakan sunatullah yang berlaku pada semua  mahluk Allah Swt, baik pada manusia, tumbuh tumbuhan maupun hewan. Untuk hidup berpasang-pasangan, terlebih dahulu manusia harus diikat dengan ikatan pernikahan yang sah, disinilah letak perbedaan manusia dengan makhluk lainnya.
MENANGKAL ISLAMOFOBIA MELALUI INTERPRETASI AYAT-AYAT MODERASI PERSPEKTIF MUFASSIR KONTEMPORER
Authors: Wijaya Subur , Nursyabani Mirza
Published: May 2023

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggali sikap wasathiyyah yang bersumber dari al-Qur’an guna menemukan jawaban atas permasalahan kontemporer. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa wasathiyyah dalam al-Qur’an menawarkan sikap keeseimbangan dalam menjalani keberagamaan di tengah kompleksitas sosial yang salah satunya adalah tidak diterimanya eksistensi umat Islam. Usaha pemberantasan Islamofobia dengan merujuk pada wasathiyyah dalam al-Qur’an dapat direalisasikan dengan menghadirkan pilar Islam moderat yang berfokus pada dialog peradaban dan upaya integrasi antar umat beragama. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang bertumpu pada studi kepustakaan (library research). Sumber primer pada penelitian ini adalah Al-Qur’an dan 3 karya tafsir kontemporer antara lain Tafsîr Al-Marâghî, Tafsîr Al-Manâr, dan Tafsîr At-Tahrîr wa At-Tanwîr dan sekunder berupa semua karya informatif yang membahas masing-masing tema; wasathiyyah dan islamofobia. Oleh karena dua tema yang berbeda, penulis mengambil pendekatan instrumental study untuk memahami lebih jelas Islamofobia sebagai fenomena sosial dan pendekatan maudhû’î untuk menganalisis tema wasathiyyah dalam al-Qur’an.
KONTEKSTUALISASI MAKNA JAHIL IYAH PERSPEKTIF SAYYID QUTUB DALAM KITAB FI ZILAL AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Shidqi M Yusron , Fauzi Moh Zainuri
Published: May 2023

Bermula dari pernyataan Sayyid Qutub yang mengatakan bahwa jahiliyah bukanlah kebalikan dari apa yang dinamakan ilmu pengetetahuan (‘ilm), akan tetapi Jahiliyah  yang dimaksud dalam Al-Qur’an adalah keadaan spritual yang menolak uluhiyyah Allah dan suatu aturan atau sistem yang bertolak belakang dengan hukum Allah. Boleh dikatakan bahwa Jahiliyah  itu adalah kebalikan dari Islam dan bertentangan dengan Islam. Dan juga kejahiliyahan itu tidak hanya terbatas dalam waktu tertentu saja, akan tetapi Jahiliyah adalah suatu tatanan, suatu aturan, suatu sistem yang dapat dijumpai kemarin, hari ini, bahkan hari esok. Tentu pendapat ini mengejutkan mengingat hampir suluruh umat muslim mengakui bahwa jahiliyah adalah suatu masa sebelum datangnya Islam. Dengan demikan, maka penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengkaji metode-metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat-ayat jahiliyah sehingga menghasilkan pemaknaan yang demikian itu. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian kualitatif dengan model study kepustakaan (library research) dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui metode dokumentasi. Adapun yang menjadi sumber primer dalam penelitian ini adalah kitab Tafsir fi Zilal al-Qur’an dan juga literatur-literatur kepustakaan yang relevan dengan topik pembahasan. Dengan metode analisis data deskriptif-analisis diharapkan akan dapat mengetahui metode-metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat.Melalui metode yang telah dipaparkan di atas menghasilkan sebuah kesimpulan bahwa Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat al-Qur’an secara kontekstual. Adapun metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat secara kontekstual adalah metode doubel-movent dengan pendekatan sosio-historis, sehingga menghasilkan sebuah makna kontekstual terhadap jahiliyah. Diantara makna-maknanya adalah; perilaku-perilaku yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan-aturan Allah, sebuah ideologi tanpa disertai argumentasi yang ilmiah, dan kesombongan serta fanatisme kesukuan.
KONSEP TA`WIL SUNNI-MUKTAZILAH (STUDI ANALISIS AYAT-AYAT MUTASYÂBIHÂT DALAM MAFÂTIH AL-GHAÎB KARYA FAKHRUDDIN AL-RÂZI DAN TANZÎH AL-QUR’ÂN ‘AN AL-MATHÂʻIN KARYA QÂDLÎ ʻABDUL JABBÂR)
Authors: Wijaya Subur , Mochamad Zakiyal Fikri
Published: May 2023

Skripsi ini berjudul “Konsep Ta`wil Sunni-Muktazilah (Studi Analisis Ayat-Ayat Mutasyâbihat dalam Mafâtih Al-Ghaîb Karya Fakhruddin Al-Râzi dan Tanzih Al-Qur’ân ‘an Al-Mathâ’in karya ʻAbdul Jabbâr).” Penilitian ini difokuskan pada perbandingan model dan manhaj penafsiran al-Râzî (w. 606 H) dari aliran suni dengan Qâdlî “Abd al-Jabbâr (w. 415 H) dari muktazilah terhadap ayat-ayat mutasyâbihât berupa ayât shifât (lafaz istiwâ`, yad, dan ‘ain), al-hurûf al-muqathaʻah dan ru`yatullâh (melihat Allah SWT). Skripsi ini sejalan dengan kitab “al-Mufassirûn baina al-Taˋwîl wa al-Itsbât fî Ayât al-Shifât” karya Muẖammad bin Abd al-Raẖmân al-Mugrâwî dan skripsi (2005) “Metode Ulama Salaf dalam Memahami Ayât-ayât Mutasyâbihât” susunan Abdul Kadir. Fakultas Ushuluddin UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta yang menyatakan bahwa persoalan ayat-ayat mutasyâbihât seperti ayât shifât, itu telah didekati dengan menggunakan metode ta`wîl tafshîlî oleh ulama salaf maupun khalaf dan juga oleh ulama suni maupun muktazilah termasuk al-Râzî (w. 606 H) dan Abd al-Jabbâr (w. 415 H) tersebut. Sementara penelitian ini berbeda dengan kitab “al--Taˋwîl fî al-Tafsîr baina al-Mu‘tazilah wa al-Sunnah” karya al-Sa„îd Syanuqah yang hanya menegaskan bentuk penafsiran aliran suni dan muktazilah secara umum itu pun hanya dipusatkan pada penafsiran Zamakhsyarî (w. 538 H). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manhaj pena`wilan kedua tokoh tersebut terlihat sangat unik bahkan seringkali saling menjatuhkan satu sama lain. Hal itu terlihat pada pemahaman keduanya terhadap ayat ru`yatullâh. Di mana al-Râzî (w. 606 H) menilainya muhkam, sementara Abd al-Jabbâr (w. 415 H) sebagai mutasyâbih. Disamping itu, keduanya juga sama-sama terpengaruh oleh ideologi mazhab yang dianutnya, sehingga hasil penafsirannya pun sangat condong untuk mempertahankan mazhabnya itu.
Hacia el estado del bienestar
Authors: Camacho Bellido María , López Charlo María
Published: May 2023

En este presente trabajo se va a analizar la distribución del gasto público como instrumento para la consecución de una mejora del Estado de Bienestar y las polí-ticas económicas fiscales realizadas por el gobierno para contribuir al alcance de los objetivos macroeconómicos. Se determinará las principales partidas para el caso español y la evolución de las mismas en el periodo 2005-2020. Igualmente se realizará una comparativa con el caso alemán.
Review of Financial and Policy Performance Dividend to Company Value
Authors: Rante Yohanes
Published: May 2023

The consumer goods industry is one of the sectors that can lift the country's economic growth and can survive under any conditions so that it has the best performance opportunities than other sectors. The consumer goods industry has been able to contribute 58% to the country, even though the consumer goods sector index has only decreased by 5.5% in the last 10 years. This research was conducted to determine the effect of financial performance in the form of profitability, leverage, liquidity, and dividend policy on firm value, the theory used is signaling theory. The population uses consumer goods industry sector companies for the 2017-2021 period as many as 76 companies and the sample obtained is 14 companies using a purposive sampling technique. Analysis in this study used SPSS software, data analysis used descriptive statistics, and classic assumption tests included normality tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests, and autocorrelation tests. For the hypothesis using, t-test, and the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that profitability and dividend policy have a significant positive effect on firm value, while leverage and liquidity have no significant effect on firm value.
Work Motivation Mediates Organizational Culture on Performance
Authors: Natalia Lisa
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the variables of Organizational Culture and Competence that can have an impact on Employee Performance through the Motivation of the Library and Archives Office of East Java Province. Researchers here apply quantitative research and descriptive methods as research methods, and data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and questionnaires which are disseminated to respondents via the Google form. The population of this study uses the East Java Library and Archive Service Employees. The research sample used non-probability sampling from a purposive sampling approach of 54 employees. This study analyzes using PLS. The results of the study prove that Organizational Culture influences employee performance, Competence does not affect Employee Performance, Culture has an impact on Motivation, Competence has an impact on Motivation, Motivation has an impact on Employee Performance, Motivation can mediate Organizational Culture on Employee Performance, and Motivation cannot mediate Competency on Employee Performance at the Library and Archives Service of East Java Province.
Influence of Leadership, Intellectual Ability, and Work Environment on Employee Performance
Authors: Mate Christina
Published: May 2023

The study tested the variables of leadership, intellectual ability, and work environment on employee performance at the Tanah Jawa District Office, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra, with a total of 32 employees. This research uses quantitative and qualitative methods. The results showed that the questionnaire data instrument items were stated to be valid and reliable. The regression equation produces a positive correlation between leadership, intellectual ability, and work environment variables on employee performance with work environment variables having the greatest relationship to employee performance. Partially (the t-test) shows that leadership has a significant effect on employee performance, intellectual ability has a significant effect on employee performance, and work environment has a significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneously the variables of leadership, intellectual ability, and work environment have a positive and significant effect on performance. This shows that leadership, intellectual ability, and work environment if they work well in an organization and can become a support for employees will have a positive impact on employee performance.
Impact of Career Development and Leadership on Performance Employees with Job Loyalty as an Intervening Variable
Authors: Qodariyah Lailatul
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine whether career development and leadership have an impact on employee performance through work loyalty as an intervention variable or not. In this study, 100 respondents were used as a sample, calculated using the Slovin formula from 406 populations with a 5% margin of error. It collects data using a Likert scale and scores using a Questionnaire. The data analysis method used by researchers is a statistical test using SPSS version 23 using analytical techniques, classic assumption tests, path tests, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study suggest several steps that can be taken to improve performance among others by giving promotions to employees with good performance, the role of a leader who can arouse employee passion and obey and work loyally to improve employee performance.
Role of the Principal on Teacher Pedagogic Competence
Authors: Sartika Dewi
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this writing is to describe the role of school principals in improving teacher pedagogical competence and to explain the factors that inhibit the role of school principals in improving teacher pedagogical competence. The method of writing a literature study uses the approach of reviewing journal articles 16 National and 5 student thesis research results specifically based on ideas and theories about the role of school principals on teacher pedagogic competence and explaining the inhibiting factors in improving teacher competence. Based on the results of a literature study sourced from 10 journal articles and 5 student thesis results, it describes the role of school principals in improving teacher competence in the medium category, while factors the obstacle is the lack of training programs, the participation of training in increasing the competence capacity of teachers. Based on the results of the study, the authors conclude that the school principal has an important role in carrying out the duties and responsibilities attached to him, to improve the quality of teacher pedagogic competence through supervision guidance activities and training to increase the capacity of teachers as learners.
Legal Burden of Obligation to Pay Tax on Business Results in the Zakat Concept
Authors: Harahap Budi
Published: May 2023

This research is the understanding of the people who are aware of the law in paying zakat from the business. The focus of this research is how the understanding of the law-conscious community in paying zakat from business results. Furthermore, this type of research is field research (direct research on objects or subjects in the field to obtain data). The results of this study are to examine people's understanding of paying zakat from the business. Zakat is worship in the field of property, which relates to people who give zakat ( muzakki ), recipients ( mustahik ), assets issued by zakat, and society as a whole. Islam has a concept of zakat which is a concern for the weak. Zakat is paid by a muzakki given to the mustahik. In this study, it appears that the understanding of people of Lengayang District only understands the zakat fitrah that they pay during the fasting month. For the measure of payment, they only estimate it. In the efforts that must be made so that people's understanding of the obligation of zakat can be achieved through coaching muzakki and mustahiq, of course, there is good cooperation between all parties involved, namely the community itself, the Zakat Collection Unit, village officials, religious scholars, and religious extension workers are no exception.
Problem of Determining Past Income for Children in Court the Decisions
Authors: Lisa Masnuah
Published: May 2023

The data obtained were then analyzed using the content analysis method. Decision Religious shows that the legal basis for refusing claims for māḍiyah maintenance for children in divorce is legal considerations as considered by the Supreme Court in its decision rejecting lawsuits for past maintenance for children, namely that the father's obligation to provide for his child is lil-intifā’, not lit -tamlīk, then a person's negligence fathers who do not provide for their children cannot be sued. This leads to injustice because māḍiyah maintenance is not granted to children. This will certainly be detrimental to the life and welfare of the child, who in other circumstances can become a shield for a father who neglects to provide for his child. Māḍiyah's livelihood is a form of protection for the rights of divorced women and children born during a marriage. This is in line with the verses of the Koran and hadith which talk about the obligation of a father to his wife and children to provide maintenance.
Animal Abuse in the View of Islamic Criminal Law
Authors: Farizi Salman
Published: May 2023

Islam as the majority religion in Indonesia teaches us to be a mercy to the universe, including taking care of animals on earth. However, Indonesia is the country with the largest number of downloaders of animal abuse content in the world. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze these problems from the perspective of jurisprudence. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and analysis of Islamic legal theories. The results of this study indicate that the crime of mistreatment of animals in Indonesia is regulated in the Criminal Code (KUHP) Article 302 and Article 540, as well as Law Number 18 of 2009 as amended by Law Number 41 of 2014 concerning Animal Husbandry and Health. Animal abuse in jinayah fiqh is included in the ta'zir finger, in which the level and punishment are determined by the government ( ulil amri ).
‘Olvide todas las reglas que le hayan enseñado sobre diseño gráfico. Incluso las de este libro’
Authors: Foglia Efraín
Published: May 2023

Este es el mejor título de un libro de diseño de la historia. Lo publicó en 1981 el diseñador Bob Gill (Nueva York, 1931-2021) y para muchos sigue siendo una publicación única y que va a contracorriente de las publicaciones habituales de diseño, aún en la actualidad. Fallecido a los 90 años, Gill fue diseñador gráfico, redactor, director artístico, profesor de diseño, ilustrador, cineasta y tocaba jazz al piano muy mal, según su biografía. Vivió entre Londres y Nueva York y fundó junto con Alan Fletcher y Colin Forbes el estudio de diseño Fletcher/Forbes/Gill, estudio precursor de Pentagram, uno de los estudios más importantes de diseño de la actualidad que reúne a una comunidad de diseñadores con perfiles diversos del más alto nivel internacional.
Application of machine learning in cosmic ray particle identification
Authors: Liu Ye , Niu He-Ran , Li Bing-Bing , Ma Xin-Hua , Cui Shu-Wang ,   School of Management Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang 050061, China,   College of Physics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China,   Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center, Chengdu 610000, China
Published: May 2023

Machine learning algorithms can learn the rules and patterns of big data through computers, excavate potential information hidden behind the data, and be widely used to solve classification, regression, clustering, and other problems. Firstly, this paper uses CORSIKA software to simulate the process of cosmic ray cascade shower in the atmosphere, generating information such as the initial energy, zenith angle, azimuth angle of cosmic ray particles. Then, this paper uses the Geant4 toolkit to conduct thermal neutron detector response simulation, generating 4000 particles in each of proton, helium, CNO, MgAlSi and iron. Based on the experimental simulation data of thermal neutron detector, this paper constructs machine learning models for identifying cosmic ray particles by using decision tree (DT), random forest (RF) and BP neural network (BP NN) respectively. For each particle, all the machine learning algorithms are used for model training based on the simulation data. The cross grid search method is used to adjust the hyper parameters of each machine learning algorithm. The AUC value and Q quality factor value of each algorithm are used as evaluation indexes for particle composition identification. The AUC value is a general indicator for evaluating algorithm performance in machine learning and the Q quality factor value is an evaluation index commonly used in the field of high energy physics. The Experimental results show that different machine learning models have great influence on particle prediction accuracy, and the random forest cosmic ray particle identification model has sufficient accuracy and generalization capability. In the test, the decision tree algorithm adjusted by cross grid search method is sensitive to the medium components (CNO and MgAlSi). The AUC values of the algorithm are all above 0.95 and the Q quality factor values are all above 6. The random forest algorithm adjusted by the cross grid search method has the best effect on the identification of cosmic ray particles. The AUC values of the algorithm are all more than 0.92 and the Q quality factor values are all more than 4. The BP neural network algorithm is only sensitive to proton and iron. This study provides a new method and selection for identifying and screening the cosmic ray particles and it also provides a new idea for the following measurement of cosmic ray energy spectrum by thermal neutron detector.
Major ion compositions, sources and risk assessment of karst stream under the influence of anthropogenic activities, Guizhou Province, Southwest China
Authors: Yang Tianhao , Wu Qixin , An Yanling , Lv Jiemei
Published: May 2023

To explore the influence of different types of anthropogenic activity on the rivers, we investigate the major ion composition, sources and risk assessment of the karst stream (Youyu stream and Jinzhong stream), which are heavily influenced by mining activities and urban sewage, respectively. The chemical compositions of the Youyu stream water, which is heavily influenced by mining activities, are dominated by Ca2+ and SO42–. However, the chemical compositions of the Jinzhong stream water, which is heavily influenced by urban sewage, are dominated by Ca2+ and HCO3–. The Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3– in Jinzhong stream are mainly derived from rock weathering, while the Youyu stream is affected by acid mine drainage, and sulfuric acid is involved in the weathering process. Ion sources analysis indicates that the Na+, K+, NO3–, and Cl– in the Jinzhong stream mainly derive from urban sewage discharge; but NO3– and Cl– of the Youyu stream mainly derive from agricultural activities, and Na+, K+ are mainly from natural sources. The element ratios analysis indicates the ratio of SO42–/Mg2+ in Youyu stream (4.61) polluted by coal mine is much higher than that in Jinzhong stream (1.29), and the ratio of (Na++K++Cl–)/Mg2+ in Jinzhong stream (1.81) polluted by urban sewage is higher than Youyu stream (0.64). Moreover, the ratios of NO3−/Na+, NO3−/K+, and NO3−/Cl− in the agriculturally polluted Youyu stream were higher than those in the Jinzhong stream. We can identify the impact of human activities on streams by ion ratios (SO42–/Mg2+, (Na++K++Cl–)/Mg2+, NO3−/Na+, NO3−/K+, and NO3−/Cl−). The health risk assessment shows the HQT and HQN for children and adults are higher in Jinzhong stream than in Youyu stream and the total HQ value (HQT) of children was higher than one at J1 in the Jinzhong stream, which shows that children in Jinzhong stream basin are threatened by non-carcinogenic pollutants. Each HQ value of F− and NO3− for children was higher than 0.1 in the tributaries into Aha Lake, indicating that the children may also be potentially endangered.
Aspectos das decisões financeiras do trabalhador em relação à aposentadoria
Authors: Girelli Dereck Bruno , De Souza José Barrozo , Coelho Junior Thalmo de Paiva
Published: May 2023

A remuneração em forma de benefício auferido no início da aposentadoria pode ser apontado como insuficiente para o sustento do padrão de vida do aposentado, enquanto era trabalhador ativo. Utilizando-se uma abordagem metodológica quantitativa bibliométrica por meio da revisão sistemática, foi constatado o problema referente à inexistência de contínuas ações de promoção da educação financeira como forma de formação de patrimônio com finalidade para a aposentadoria. Investigou-se a importância das decisões financeiras para o planejamento da aposentadoria do trabalhador; mapearam-se as formas de investimento para o planejamento da aposentadoria utilizadas pelo trabalhador e identificaram-se as variáveis que influenciam na decisão de investimento desses trabalhadores para aposentadoria. Nas considerações finais, observa-se que mesmo em países considerados desenvolvidos, o analfabetismo financeiro é elevado, nem tampouco foi observada a prioridade quanto ao planejamento financeiro visando a aposentadoria. A despeito das constantes alterações do regime de previdência para uma maior participação ativa do trabalhador, os governantes e empregadores ainda exercem forte intervenção na decisão de investimentos para fins de aposentadoria.