bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Pencegahan Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR)
Authors: Margareta Chintia , Rahayu Sri
Published: September 2024

Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) merupakan bayi baru lahir yang memiliki berat saat lahir kurang dari 2500 gram. Prevalensi diperkirakan 15,5% dari atau sekitar 20 juta bayi yang lahir setiap tahun. Hal ini akan berisiko di masa mendatang pada orang dewasa yang memiliki riwayat BBLR yakni mereka berisiko menderita penyakit degeneratif yang dapat menyebabkan beban ekonomi individu dan masyarakat. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pencegahan BBLR di sekitar Posyandu Kenanga 4 Kecamatan Marga Sekampung. Jenis penelitian pre-eksperimen one group test. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil di sekitar Posyandu Kenanga 4 Kecamatan Marga Sekampung dengan Teknik sampling random sampling. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran tekanan darah yang telah dilakukan di sekitar Posyandu Kenanga 4 Kecamatan Marga Sekampung didapatkan hasil dari 30 responden. Hasil dari 30 responden yang diukur tekanan darahnya ada 9 orang (30%) pengetahuan kurang baik, 21 orang (70%) pengetahuan baik. Jika pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang BBLR meningkat maka dapat mencegah angka kejadian BBLR.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu dalam Pemberian Imunisasi Lanjutan
Authors: Endimar Septiyana Meta , Listiyorini Dewi
Published: September 2024

Imunisasi lanjutan (booster) berarti pemberian kekebalan setelah imunisasi dasar. Booster penting untuk meningkatkan kembali respon imun terhadap vaksin yang sudah semakin menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya usia. Jika tidak dilakukan booster, anak beresiko tidak terlindungi saat terkena penyakit yang seharusnya bisa dicegah. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pengetahuan ibu terhadap imunisasi lanjutan pada balita di Posyandu Mawar. Jenis penelitian pre-test dan post-test eksperimen one group test. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu yang memiliki balita 0-24 bulan teknik pengambilan sampel random sampling. Hasil yang didapat bahwa dari 15 orang ibu yang mengikuti kegiatan tersebut 9  (60,0%)  ibu  mengetahui  manfaat, kapan dilakukan imunisasi lanjutan dan serta risiko yang muncul jika tidak melakukan imunisasi lanjutan, 3 (20,0%) cukup dan 3 (20,0%) yang kurang paham terhadap materi yang diberikan. Program penyuluhan kesehatan masyarakat tentang imunisasi lanjutan di Posyandu Mawar berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat khususnya ibu yang memiliki balita dan akan berdampak pada kesadaran ibu memberikan imunisasi lanjutan secara lengkap kepada anaknya.
Correlation of Serological Markers with Haematological Parameters in Diagnosis of Dengue: A Single Centre Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan
Authors:   Department of Pathology, HBS Medical & Dental College, Islamabad, Sarwar Ayesha , Zulfiqar Maryam ,   Department of Pathology, HBS Medical & Dental College, Islamabad, Hanif Asim ,   Department of Pathology, HBS Medical & Dental College, Islamabad, Saad Maliha ,   Department of Pathology, HBS Medical & Dental College, Islamabad, Ashraf Muhammad ,   Department of Pathology, HBS Medical & Dental College, Islamabad, Tanwani Ashok Kumar ,   Department of Pathology, HBS Medical & Dental College, Islamabad
Published: September 2024

Objective: To correlate the serological markers with hematological parameters in the diagnosis of dengue fever. Background: Dengue is a viral disease spread by Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes. It is most common in Southeast Asia. In recent times yearly epidemics of dengue fever has put a great burden on our health care system. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified symptomatic dengue as dengue fever with or without warning signs and severe dengue. Early diagnosis of the disease and management can save countless lives in this curable infectious disease. Methodology: It is a prospective observational study from HBS General Hospital, Islamabad. 102 patients who presented with fever and tested positive for NS1 antigen and/or IgM dengue antibodies and fulfilled the inclusion criteria over a period of one year were included. The demographic data along with serological and hematological results were recorded. Conclusion: The most common serological test in dengue infection is NS- 1. Thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, monocytosis and reversed neutrophil lymphocyte ratio are important hematological clues in diagnosis of dengue fever. Thrombocytopenia is most severe in NS- 1 postive group as compared to antibody positive groups.
DUKUNGAN PASTORAL KONSELING MELALUI MUBAWAKI: MEMBANGUN EMPATI DAN SOLIDARITAS
Authors: Katiandagho Okdita , Bawihu Sylvia Evangelin , Kalensang Geby Ladesya
Published: September 2024

Local wisdom places more emphasis on the place and locality of the wisdom so that it does not have to be wisdom that has been passed down from generation to generation. Meanwhile, Siau has a variety of local wisdom, both long-standing local wisdom that has been passed down from generation to generation, as well as new or recent local wisdom that has emerged as a result of interactions with other communities and cultures, one of which is mubawaki. Mubawaki is one of the local wisdoms where the people have a very high level of empathy and solidarity from the Siau people in the context of bereaved people, they work together to help the bereaved families, starting from the fathers who make tents and the mothers who help in kitchen and food delivery. The aim of this research is to see how pastoral counseling supports in mubawaki
UPAYA PESANTREN DALAM MENANAMKAN NILAI RELIGIUS SANTRI DI PP MODERN AN-NUR PABELAN
Authors: Sofiah Lailia Farhatus , Pratama Aufar Rifqi
Published: September 2024

Pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan dan agama, memiliki tujuan pendidikan yaitu belajar ilmu agama dan implementasi ilmu agama. Dengan mempelajari ilmu agama, santri dapat mengetahui hukum syariat setiap ajaran agama Islam. Kemudian implementasi nilai agama di pesantren tidah hanya dalam dimensi hablumminallah, tapi juga hablumminannas dan hablumminal’alam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa saja upaya yang digunakan pesantren dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai religius santri, khususnya di PP Modern An-Nur Pabelan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan semi-struktur interview, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengujian kredibilitas data menggunakan triangulasi teknik dan triangulasi sumber. Teknis analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data Creswell. Hasil penelitian yang ditemukan adalah a) implementasi nilai agama melalui kegiatan pesantren, b) kajian kitab kuning untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan Islam santri, dan c) kegiatan pesantren untuk meningkatkan keimanan santri.
KONSEP PENDEKATAN DAN STRATEGI PENDIDIKAN NILAI DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI ERA SOCIETY 5.0
Authors: Ningrum Titis Sekar
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan konsep pendekatan dan strategi pendidikan nilai dalam perspektif pendidikan Islam di era society 5.0. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik. Belum usai dengan bergulirnya era industri 4.0, Pendidikan Islam saat ini menghadapi tantangan besar sebagaimana kita dikejutkan dengan munculnya Era Society 5.0 yang harus disikapi dan menjadi tantangan tersendiri dalam dunia pendidikan Islam. Adanya masyarakat era 5.0 yang merupakan penyempurnaan dari era 4.0 merupakan masalah besar dan peluang besar bagi dunia pendidikan. Guru yang menjadi penggerak pendidikan di era Society 5.0 harus memiliki kualifikasi yang memadai. Guru harus memiliki strategi dan tahu bagaimana menetapkan topik serta mendorong siswa untuk berpikir kritis dan kreatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa peran teknologi dalam Revolusi Industri 4.0 harus ditingkatkan guna membangun kehidupan manusia yang lebih sejahtera dan beradab, yang dibuktikan dengan model masyarakat 5.0. Pendidikan perlu mengadaptasi model pembelajaran yang relevan agar siap memasuki era Revolusi Industri 4.0 dan Society 5.0.
Inclusive Education Research Trends in Indonesia: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Irawan M. Ferry , Putri Nadya Syafira
Published: September 2024

Inclusive education is increasingly recognized as a critical component in ensuring equitable access to quality education for all students, regardless of their abilities or backgrounds. However, in Indonesia, the development and implementation of inclusive education practices remain uneven, with limited understanding of its growth and impact within the local context. This study aims to analyze inclusive education in Indonesia through bibliometric analysis, addressing six key questions: the most frequent keywords, trends in scholarly publications, prolific researchers, citation rates, influential journals, and collaboration patterns with other countries. Data from Scopus over the past decade resulted in 148 relevant articles, covering a wide range of topics from [Topic 1] to [Topic 2]. Findings reveal a predominant focus on inclusive education concepts in Indonesian literature, experiencing significant growth peaking in 2023. The study identifies 12 highly active authors with 98 articles and the top 10 most cited articles receiving 219 citations. Notably, research in 2020 achieved the highest citation rate, with 111 citations. The International Journal of Special Education emerged as the primary publication outlet. Indonesia collaborated with 13 countries, notably Malaysia, Australia, and the United States. These findings provide a robust foundation for developing inclusive education concepts and practices tailored to Indonesia's specific needs and context.
Guerrilla Gardening in a Time of Ecological and Social Crisis: An Exploratory Endeavor to Feel Connected with a Lost Piece of Forest
Authors: Häggström Margaretha , Häggström Mårten
Published: September 2024

This four-year explorative study is located in a nearby forest, or more accurately a clearcut, in the western part of Sweden. The objective is to contribute to existing knowledge about forest gardening by exploring a forest milieu without trees in the Northern Hemisphere where the conditions are poor. The aim is to support biodiversity in the short term and to find out whether we could cultivate root vegetables, potatoes, and summer flowers in this nutrient-poor and shadowless environment. The study has an eco-philosophical approach that promotes eco-pedagogy and environmental education and a pragmatic pedagogical approach that adopts a "learning-by-doing" belief. The exploration is underpinned by collaborative autoethnography, and the research is conducted in and through practice. The findings show that a planting project in a clearcut requires a lot of preparation and planning and that it is possible to use a clearcut to grow potatoes, peas, and some summer flowers without special efforts, but hard to grow other crops such as vegetables and root vegetables. The project implies that the planting activities in a clearcut may have a deep impact on people’s sense of human-nature identity and respect for the natural environment.
O Anel de Tucum: Religião Popular, catolicismo e juventude
Authors: Munhoz Sofiati Flávio , Guimarães Santos Ronaldo , Da Silva Moreira Alberto
Published: September 2024

O texto trata do contexto sociorreligioso do anel de tucum, um símbolo de mística e compromisso com as causas sociais presente no catolicismo e na Religião Popular. Analisamos o seu uso no meio da juventude, entendida como agente de transformação social. Por ser uma pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico e documental, sistematizamos as produções que permeiam a misticidade simbolizada pelo anel. O anel de tucum vem do Tucumã, o fruto de uma planta considerada sagrada para os povos indígenas da região Amazônica. Ele é entendido como um símbolo de sua cultura, ancestralidade e espiritualidade. A Religião Popular e o catolicismo, vinculado à Teologia da Libertação, apropriam-se deste objeto e o utilizam como um símbolo de fé, resistência e compromisso com as lutas populares. Entretanto, o anel é usado por outras religiões, como as espíritas e umbandistas. Além disso, a juventude tem um papel fundamental, por ser responsável por manter vivas as tradições religiosas, com participação ativa na vida das comunidades religiosas. Elas também representam a diversidade e a resistência da Religião Popular brasileira, sendo o segmento social que transmite o uso do anel de tucum para as novas gerações.
O abuso espiritual como uma forma específica de abuso emocional: Uma delimitação conceitual para a sensibilização da violência psicológica na igreja.
Authors: Woditsch Josefa
Published: September 2024

Neste artigo, apresento o fenômeno do abuso espiritual como uma manifestação específica de abuso emocional. O abuso é definido como a instrumentalização prejudicial de pessoas para satisfazer necessidades pessoais ou para realizar os interesses de grupos ou instituições. O abuso emocional não envolve a violência física, mas ocasiona impactos no bem-estar e na saúde das vitimas, comparáveil aos ao abuso físico. O sofrimento psicológico causado se deve principalmente ao comprometimento das necessidades psicológicas básicas de autoeficácia e vínculo social. Por sua vez, o abuso espiritual é uma forma de abuso emocional em que a fé, em seu sentido mais amplo, é utilizada como um instrumento manipulativo e de exercício de poder prejudicando a outrem. Desta forma, o abuso espiritual compartilha semelhanças com o abuso emocional, embora possua características distintivas. O abuso espiritual é amplamente presente no ambiente eclesiástico e muitas vezes antecedendo o abuso sexual. A relevância destes aspectos ficou abordada no âmbito teológico nos últimos anos. Este artigo visa contribuir para a sensibilização sobre a prática da violência psicológica na ireja através de uma análise interdisciplinar, sob as perspectivas psicológica e teológica. Intenciona-se tecer este entrelaçamento entre o fenômeno do abuso espiritual e o abuso emocional.
Pacto Educativo Global e conexões com o ensino social da igreja
Authors: Philippi Machado Ariél , SOUZA CANDIOTTO JACI , GISLANE BARBOSA EVA
Published: September 2024

O Ensino Social da Igreja tem por princípio a defesa e a promoção da dignidade da pessoa humana. O fundamento da Doutrina Social da Igreja (DSI) é o próprio Evangelho. Para orientar suas ações apostólicas, a Igreja tem como referência a pessoa de Jesus de Nazaré. O tema do presente artigo destaca o aspecto social da educação evidenciado nos sete compromissos do Pacto Educativo Global. Seu objetivo é colaborar para a formação contextualizada e crítica dos agentes de evangelização, para uma postura positiva em relação ao cuidado e promoção da vida humana e de todo o planeta. De caráter bibliográfico-documental, a metodologia do artigo segue observando os 7 compromissos do pacto educativo global, que perpassa pelo ensino da doutrina social da Igreja Católica, destacando a necessidade de uma mudança de mentalidade para com a cultura do descarte e o método capitalista provocador de morte. Destaca-se, da conclusão, que o Pacto Educativo Global é uma proposta que precisa ser acolhida e aplicada em todos os espaços educativos, pois a tem um formato universal de linguagem e ações. O Pacto Educativo Global traz, diante da DSI, um vigor, uma interação social, influenciando opiniões e comportamentos, possibilitando a inspiração da conversão no cumprimento da missão evangelizadora.
Experimental and theoretical research progress of 2P1/2  – 2P3/2 transitions of highly charged boron-like ions
Authors: Liu Xin , Wen Wei-Qiang , Li Ji-Guang , Wei Bao-Ren , Xiao Jun ,   Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-Beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China,   Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China,   Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
Published: September 2024

The precise measurement of the fine structure and radiative transition properties of highly charged ions (HCI) is essential for testing fundamental physical models, including strong-field quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects, electron correlation effects, relativistic effects, and nuclear effects. These measurements also provide critical atomic physics parameters for astrophysics and fusion plasma physics. Compared with the extensively studied hydrogen-like and lithium-like ion systems, boron-like ions exhibit significant contributions in terms of relativistic and QED effects in their fine structure forbidden transitions. High-precision experimental measurements and theoretical calculations of these systems provide important avenues for further testing fundamental physical models in multi-electron systems. Additionally, boron-like ions are considered promising candidates for HCI optical clocks. This paper presents the latest advancements in experimental and theoretical research on the ground state 2P3/2—2P1/2 transition in boron-like ions, and summarizes the current understanding of their fine and hyperfine structures. It also discusses a proposed experimental setup for measuring the hyperfine splitting of boron-like ions by using an electron beam ion trap combined with high-resolution spectroscopy. This proposal aims to provide a reference for future experimental research on the hyperfine splitting of boron-like ions, to test the QED effects with higher precision, extract the radius of nuclear magnetization distribution, and validate relevant nuclear structure models.
Exploring the role of macromolecular crowding and TNFR1 in cell volume control
Authors: Biswas Parijat , Roy Priyanka , Jana Subhamoy , Ray Dipanjan , Das Jibitesh , Chaudhuri Bipasa , Basunia Ridita Ray , Sinha Bidisha , Sinha Deepak Kumar
Published: September 2024

The excessive cosolute densities in the intracellular fluid create a physicochemical condition called macromolecular crowding (MMC). Intracellular MMC entropically maintains the biochemical thermodynamic equilibria by favoring associative reactions while hindering transport processes. Rapid cell volume shrinkage during extracellular hypertonicity elevates the MMC and disrupts the equilibria, potentially ushering cell death. Consequently, cells actively counter the hypertonic stress through regulatory volume increase (RVI) and restore the MMC homeostasis. Here, we establish fluorescence anisotropy of EGFP as a reliable tool for studying cellular MMC and explore the spatiotemporal dynamics of MMC during cell volume instabilities under multiple conditions. Our studies reveal that the actin cytoskeleton enforces spatially varying MMC levels inside adhered cells. Within cell populations, MMC is uncorrelated with nuclear DNA content but anti-correlated with the cell spread area. Although different cell lines have statistically similar MMC distributions, their responses to extracellular hypertonicity vary. The intensity of the extracellular hypertonicity determines a cell’s ability for RVI, which correlates with nuclear factor kappa beta (NFkB) activation. Pharmacological inhibition and knockdown experiments reveal that tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) initiates the hypertonicity-induced NFkB signaling and RVI. At severe hypertonicities, the elevated MMC amplifies cytoplasmic microviscosity and hinders receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) recruitment at the TNFR1 complex, incapacitating the TNFR1-NFkB signaling and consequently, RVI. Together, our studies unveil the involvement of TNFR1-NFkB signaling in modulating RVI and demonstrate the pivotal role of MMC in determining cellular osmoadaptability.
Machine learning and natural language processing to assess the emotional impact of influencers’ mental health content on Instagram
Authors: Merayo Noemi , Ayuso-Lanchares Alba , González-Sanguino Clara
Published: September 2024

Background

This study aims to examine, through artificial intelligence, specifically machine learning, the emotional impact generated by disclosures about mental health on social media. In contrast to previous research, which primarily focused on identifying psychopathologies, our study investigates the emotional response to mental health-related content on Instagram, particularly content created by influencers/celebrities. This platform, especially favored by the youth, is the stage where these influencers exert significant social impact, and where their analysis holds strong relevance. Analyzing mental health with machine learning techniques on Instagram is unprecedented, as all existing research has primarily focused on Twitter.

Methods

This research involves creating a new corpus labelled with responses to mental health posts made by influencers/celebrities on Instagram, categorized by emotions such as love/admiration, anger/contempt/mockery, gratitude, identification/empathy, and sadness. The study is complemented by modelling a set of machine learning algorithms to efficiently detect the emotions arising when faced with these mental health disclosures on Instagram, using the previous corpus.

Results

Results have shown that machine learning algorithms can effectively detect such emotional responses. Traditional techniques, such as Random Forest, showed decent performance with low computational loads (around 50%), while deep learning and Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) algorithms achieved very good results. In particular, the BERT models reached accuracy levels between 86–90%, and the deep learning model achieved 72% accuracy. These results are satisfactory, considering that predicting emotions, especially in social networks, is challenging due to factors such as the subjectivity of emotion interpretation, the variability of emotions between individuals, and the interpretation of emotions in different cultures and communities.

Discussion

This cross-cutting research between mental health and artificial intelligence allows us to understand the emotional impact generated by mental health content on social networks, especially content generated by influential celebrities among young people. The application of machine learning allows us to understand the emotional reactions of society to messages related to mental health, which is highly innovative and socially relevant given the importance of the phenomenon in societies. In fact, the proposed algorithms’ high accuracy (86–90%) in social contexts like mental health, where detecting negative emotions is crucial, presents a promising research avenue. Achieving such levels of accuracy is highly valuable due to the significant implications of false positives or false negatives in this social context.
A flexible perception method of thin smoke based on patch total bounded variation for buildings
Authors: Zhang Jieming , Gao Yifan , Chen Xianchao , Chen Zhanchen
Published: September 2024

Early fire warning is critical to the safety and stability of power systems. However, current methods encounter challenges in capturing subtle features, limiting their effectiveness in providing timely alerts for potential fire hazards. To overcome this drawback, a novel detection algorithm for thin smoke was proposed to enhance early fire detection capabilities. The core is that the Patch-TBV feature was proposed first, and the total bounded variation (TBV) was computed at the patch level. This approach is rooted in the understanding that traditional methods struggle to detect minute variations in image characteristics, particularly in scenarios where the features are dispersed or subtle. By computing TBV at a more localized level, the algorithm proposed gains a finer granularity in assessing image quality, enabling it to capture subtle variations that might indicate the presence of smoke or early signs of a fire. Another key aspect that sets our algorithm apart is the incorporation of subtle variation magnification. This technique serves to magnify subtle features within the image, leveraging the computed TBV values. This magnification strategy is pivotal for improving the algorithm’s precision in detecting subtle variations, especially in environments where smoke concentrations may be minimal or dispersed. To evaluate the algorithm’s performance in real-world scenarios, a comprehensive dataset, named TIP, comprising 3,120 images was constructed. The dataset covers diverse conditions and potential challenges that might be encountered in practical applications. Experimental results confirm the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, showcasing its ability to provide accurate and timely fire warnings in various contexts. In conclusion, our research not only identifies the limitations of existing methods in capturing subtle features for early fire detection but also proposes a sophisticated algorithm, integrating Patch-TBV and micro-variation amplification, to address these challenges. The algorithm’s effectiveness and robustness are substantiated through extensive testing, demonstrating its potential as a valuable tool for enhancing fire safety in power systems and similar environments.
Exploring Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Attitude of University Students
Authors: S.R.Padma
Published: September 2024

Aim: Explore and analyse the factors affecting entrepreneurial attitude of university students.
Research Design: Ex-post facto research design.
Sample: Post graduate and Doctoral scholars of University.
Methodology: A structured questionnaire was developed and applied as data collection tool to 751 students for this study.
Results: Respondents generally exhibit a high need for achievement (83.25%) characterized by strong planning, resilience, willingness to sacrifice for goals, and openness to innovation. Variations in responses, particularly regarding problem-solving abilities, highlight areas where some respondents might benefit from additional support or training. Notable percentage of undecided respondents regarding the intention to start a company (34.00%) indicates that while there is a strong inclination towards entrepreneurship, some respondents may still be weighing their options or facing uncertainties.
Effect of GA3 and Nutrient Sprays on Growth of Kokum (Garcinia indica Choisy) Seedlings
Authors: Pawar Shraddha S. , Gawankar M. S. , Gajbhiye R. C. , Dhopavkar R. V. , Dalvi N. V.
Published: September 2024

An experiment was conducted at the College of Horticulture, Dapoli, during the year 2023 - 2024. The study was conducted using a Randomized Block Design with eight treatments, each replicated three times and the treatments included T1- GA3 @ 250 ppm, T2- GA3 @ 300 ppm, T3- GA3 @ 350 ppm, T4- 19:19:19 @ 0.5%, T5- 19:19:19 @ 1%, T6- 19:19:19 @ 2%, T7- 19:19:19 @ 2.5% and T8- Control with the aim to evaluate the influence of GA3 and nutrient sprays on the growth of kokum seedlings and to identify the optimal concentrations that would enhance growth and grafting success. The highest seedling height (28.53 cm), number of leaves (19.87), girth at collar region (3.44 mm)  number of nodes (8.07) and internodal length (2.09 cm) were recorded in treatment T3 i.e. spraying with GA3 @ 350 ppm. The highest survival percentage of seedlings (96.00%), minimum number of days for obtaining 80 percent graftable seedlings (142.33 days), overall percentage of graftable seedlings (90.00%) and maximum percentage of graft success (94.82%) found in treatment T3.
Vulvar Paget’s Disease with Inguinal Lymph Node Metastasis: A Case Report
Authors: Santos Helamã Moraes dos , Amaral Camila dos Santos do , Neto Oswaldo Valentim Zandavalli , Silva Débora Tavares de Resende e
Published: September 2024

Vulvar Paget's disease is a clinical condition with an invariable course affecting women of advanced age, and is associated with a significant rate of recurrence and dissemination, especially in its invasive form, which has a high metastatic potential. Here we present details of a unique case involving a 77-year-old woman with a history of disease progression over more than a decade. She initially presented with an erythematous lesion in the vulvar region, which was later diagnosed as adenocarcinoma in situ. During follow-up, the affected area extended to the perineal and gluteal regions, indicating an invasive aspect of the tumor. Due to surgical oncology recommendations, tissue resection was not feasible. The pacient experienced a significant worsening of symptoms, including local peeling of the affected region, and a biopsy confirmed Paget's disease in the vulvar region. Subsequently, imaging tests indicated changes in the volume of the inguinal lymph nodes. The patient underwent lymphadenectomy for histological analysis and to prevent systemic dissemination. Indicators of lymph node metastasis, suggestive of a gynecological primary site, were observed. Our case provides valuable insights for pathologists to consider the differential diagnosis of vulvar lesions.
Phytobiomes: Harnessing the Power of Microbial Communities for Plant Health
Authors: Kumar Ashwini , Manisha R , Kumari Haralakal Keerthi , Neha  , Kalaiselvi P. , Jaswal Saloni , Gupta Devansh , Tinna Saksham
Published: September 2024

Phytobiomes encompass the dynamic ecosystems surrounding plants, which include a diverse range of microbial communities such as fungi, bacteria, algae, viruses, and nematodes. These microorganisms interact intricately with plants, influencing their health, growth, and resilience. Beneficial fungi form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, enhancing nutrient absorption, while bacteria play a role in nitrogen fixation and disease suppression. Algae contribute to soil health and organic matter decomposition, and viruses, though often seen as harmful, can provide resistance to certain pathogens. Nematodes, both beneficial and parasitic, regulate soil nutrient cycles and influence plant growth. Harnessing the potential of these microbial communities offers promising solutions for sustainable agriculture. By promoting beneficial interactions within the phytobiome, it is possible to improve plant productivity, enhance nutrient use efficiency, and increase tolerance to environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, and pathogens. Phytobiome research aims to uncover the complex relationships within these microbial networks to develop novel agricultural practices that reduce reliance on chemical inputs. This holistic approach not only promotes plant health but also ensures ecological balance, contributing to the long-term sustainability of agroecosystems in the face of environmental challenges. Understanding the power of microbial communities within phytobiomes is key to advancing future agricultural innovations.
Steuerliche Gewinnermittlung auf Basis der IFRS?! – Eine Einordnung aus Sicht der Betriebswirtschaftslehre
Authors: Hachmeister Dirk
Published: September 2024

Durch neuere Entwicklungen zur Unternehmensbesteuerung - Globale Mindestbesteuerung und BEFIT - erlebt die bereits vor mehr als 20 Jahren diskutierte Frage der IFRS als Basis steuerlicher Gewinn- und Vermögensermittlung eine Renaissance. Vor einer Übernahme kann nur gewarnt werden: es werden keine Vorteile hinsichtlich einer größeren Entscheidungsneutralität gesehen; die in den IFRS angelegte Fair-Value-Bilanzierung und die fehlende Totalperiodenäquivalenz verstoßen gegen eine Besteuerung nach dem Leistungsfähigkeitsprinzip; die IFRS sind durch einen geringen Grad an Objektivierung gekennzeichnet, die für steuerliche Zwecke geboten ist; durch die Informationsorientierung und damit verbundene Tendenzen wie der Management Approach oder die Fast-Close-Idee ergeben sich Wahlrechte, die für eine Steuergestaltung genutzt werden könnten; neben der Differenzierung zwischen Personen- und Kapitalgesellschaften könnte eine weitere Unterscheidung zwischen großen, multinational tätigen, kapitalmarktorientierten oder konzernierten Kapitalgesellschaften einerseits und Kapitalgesellschaften, die eher national tätig, nicht kapitalmarktorientiert und kleiner sind, andererseits treten.
Analysis of energetic radiation associated with thunderstorms in the Ebro delta region in Spain
Authors: Fabró Ferran , Montanyà Joan , Pineda Nicolau , Argemí Oriol , van der Velde Oscar A. , Romero David , Soula Serge
Published: August 2016

The analysis of high‐energy background radiation (0.1–2 MeV) enhancements during eight winter thunderstorms and five summer storms in the Ebro delta region in the northeast of Spain is presented. For the first time, high‐energy radiation counts, precipitation, radar reflectivity, and very high frequency lightning detections to infer charge regions altitude have been analyzed in order to find out what produces the measured background radiation increments associated with storms. The good agreement between radar reflectivity and precipitation with increases in background radiation counts coupled with the spectrum analysis comparing rain/no rain periods suggests that radon‐ion daughters play a major role in the radiation increments reported. No evidence has been found supporting that measured background radiation enhancements can be produced by storm electric fields. Finally, a single case of a high‐energy radiation increase was prior to a cloud‐to‐ground lightning stroke, which reinforces the theory that a lower positive charge layer's existence is important for the production of Terrestrial Ground Enhancements.
Quantifying peat carbon accumulation in Alaska using a process‐based biogeochemistry model
Authors: Wang Sirui , Zhuang Qianlai , Yu Zicheng , Bridgham Scott , Keller Jason K.
Published: August 2016

This study uses an integrated modeling framework that couples the dynamics of hydrology, soil thermal regime, and ecosystem carbon and nitrogen to quantify the long‐term peat carbon accumulation in Alaska during the Holocene. Modeled hydrology, soil thermal regime, carbon pools and fluxes, and methane emissions are evaluated using observation data at several peatland sites in Minnesota, Alaska, and Canada. The model is then applied for a 10,000 year (15 ka to 5 ka; 1 ka = 1000 cal years before present) simulation at four peatland sites. We find that model simulations match the observed carbon accumulation rates at fen sites during the Holocene (R2 = 0.88, 0.87, 0.38, and −0.05 using comparisons in 500 year bins). The simulated (2.04 m) and observed peat depths (on average 1.98 m) were also compared well (R2 = 0.91). The early Holocene carbon accumulation rates, especially during the Holocene thermal maximum (HTM) (35.9 g C m− 2 yr− 1), are estimated up to 6 times higher than the rest of the Holocene (6.5 g C m− 2 yr− 1). Our analysis suggests that high summer temperature and the lengthened growing season resulted from the elevated insolation seasonality, along with wetter‐than‐before conditions might be major factors causing the rapid carbon accumulation in Alaska during the HTM. Our sensitivity tests indicate that, apart from climate, initial water table depth and vegetation canopy are major drivers to the estimated peat carbon accumulation. When the modeling framework is evaluated for various peatland types in the Arctic, it can quantify peatland carbon accumulation at regional scales.
Epidemics
Authors: Kretzschmar Mirjam
Published: August 2016

Statistical and mathematical models are important tools for analyzing the spread of infectious diseases. This article begins with some historical remarks on the application of mathematical methods in infectious disease epidemiology. Subsequently, types of data occurring in infectious disease epidemiology are discussed, methodological concepts like the basic reproduction number are introduced, and important applications of mathematical modeling for assessing the effectiveness of interventions are presented. An important example for the latter is vaccination, where statistical analysis of serological and surveillance data are used to evaluate the impact of vaccination on immune status of a population and transmission dynamic models are used for estimating long‐term effects on prevalence. Particular attention is then paid to analysis of HIV/AIDS, as the changing epidemiology of this infectious disease and the increasing availability of treatment options have inspired the development of many new methods in the field of statistics and modeling since the onset of the epidemic.
Linear Stochastic Control with Transfer Functions
Authors: Harris Thomas J.
Published: August 2016

Control charts, cusums, exponentially weighted‐moving averages and Shewhart schemes are traditional methods used for industrial quality control. These methods may be used to ascertain when a process is in statistical control and to visualize patterns and abnormal events. These methods do not provide a comprehensive strategy for controlling a process to a target value. Stochastic control theory provides a unified framework for the design of controllers for industrial processes. By employing a model for the process dynamics and disturbances, very flexible control algorithms can be designed. The presence of serially correlated observations, inherent in many industrial processes, and delays associated with analytical measurements are incorporated in the control strategy. These algorithms are specifically designed to control the process variable at its target value. In this article, the basic elements of stochastic control are reviewed, an example is used to illustrate the methodology, and references provided to applications in quality control and process monitoring and assessment.
Reference Priors
Authors: Datta Gauri S. , Liseo Brunero
Published: August 2016

Many different methods for producing prior distributions that do not depend on extra‐experimental information have been proposed in Bayesian literature. The reference prior algorithm is one of the most successful, both in terms of general applicability and in terms of frequentist and conditional properties. In this article, we briefly sketch the main features of the method and illustrate it with several examples.
The
B
ahadur Model
Authors: Heumann Christian
Published: August 2016

In 1961, Raghu Raj Bahadur (1924–1997) published the paper “A representation of the joint distribution of
n
dichotomous items.”

In general, the joint distribution of binary random variables, , , can be fully described by a multinomial distribution with parameters that are the profile probabilities , where can be 0 or 1. In the regression context, a direct link of the covariates on these profile probabilities is not attractive, especially when it comes to interpretation. The Bahadur model and parametrization allows a relative straightforward implementation of the so‐called marginal regression models, that is, models where the covariates are linked to marginal probabilities of lower order (usually only first order, sometimes also second order).

The literature has picked up the Bahadur model in several articles. The final conclusion is that the model has severe deficiencies because the estimated parameters have to fulfill difficult constraints to define a proper joint distribution.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allenylation of Sulfonylimines and Application to the Stereospecific Allylic Allenylation
Authors: Sieber Joshua D. , Angeles‐Dunham Veronica V. , Chennamadhavuni Divya , Fandrick Daniel R. , Haddad Nizar , Grinberg Nelu , Kurouski Dimitry , Lee Heewon , Song Jinhua J. , Yee Nathan K. , Mattson Anita E. , Senanayake Chris H.
Published: August 2016

The rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric allenylation of sulfonylimines is disclosed providing silyl homoallenylamide products in up to 99:1 er. Through subsequent activation of the C−N bond of the silyl homoallenyl sulfonamide, palladium‐catalyzed stereospecific allylic allenylation could be achieved giving C−C bond formation with high chirality transfer. The synthetic utility of both the silyl homoallenyl sulfonamides and the silyl homoallenyl malonates as bis(nucleophiles) is demonstrated.

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Solid–Vapor Reaction Growth of Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers
Authors: Li Bo , Gong Yongji , Hu Zhili , Brunetto Gustavo , Yang Yingchao , Ye Gonglan , Zhang Zhuhua , Lei Sidong , Jin Zehua , Bianco Elisabeth , Zhang Xiang , Wang Weipeng , Lou Jun , Galvão Douglas S. , Tang Ming , Yakobson Boris I. , Vajtai Robert , Ajayan Pulickel M.
Published: August 2016

Two‐dimensional (2D) layered semiconducting transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising candidates for next‐generation ultrathin, flexible, and transparent electronics. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a promising method for their controllable, scalable synthesis but the growth mechanism is poorly understood. Herein, we present systematic studies to understand the CVD growth mechanism of monolayer MoSe2, showing reaction pathways for growth from solid and vapor precursors. Examination of metastable nanoparticles deposited on the substrate during growth shows intermediate growth stages and conversion of non‐stoichiometric nanoparticles into stoichiometric 2D MoSe2 monolayers. The growth steps involve the evaporation and reduction of MoO3 solid precursors to sub‐oxides and stepwise reactions with Se vapor to finally form MoSe2. The experimental results and proposed model were corroborated by ab initio Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics studies.
Nucleation of Amyloid Oligomers by RepA‐WH1‐Prionoid‐Functionalized Gold Nanorods
Authors: Fernández Cristina , González‐Rubio Guillermo , Langer Judith , Tardajos Gloria , Liz‐Marzán Luis M. , Giraldo Rafael , Guerrero‐Martínez Andrés
Published: August 2016

Understanding protein amyloidogenesis is an important topic in protein science, fueled by the role of amyloid aggregates, especially oligomers, in the etiology of a number of devastating human degenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms that determine the formation of amyloid oligomers remain elusive due to the high complexity of the amyloidogenesis process. For instance, gold nanoparticles promote or inhibit amyloid fibrillation. We have functionalized gold nanorods with a metal‐chelating group to selectively immobilize soluble RepA‐WH1, a model synthetic bacterial prionoid, using a hexa‐histidine tag (H6). H6‐RepA‐WH1 undergoes stable amyloid oligomerization in the presence of catalytic concentrations of anisotropic nanoparticles. Then, in a physically separated event, such oligomers promote the growth of amyloid fibers of untagged RepA‐WH1. SERS spectral changes of H6‐RepA‐WH1 on spherical citrate‐AuNP substrates provide evidence for structural modifications in the protein, which are compatible with a gradual increase in β‐sheet structure, as expected in amyloid oligomerization.
Smart Organic Two‐Dimensional Materials Based on a Rational Combination of Non‐covalent Interactions
Authors: Bai Wei , Jiang Ziwen , Ribbe Alexander E. , Thayumanavan S.
Published: August 2016

Rational design of organic 2D (O2D) materials has made some progress, but it is still in its infancy. A class of self‐assembling small molecules is presented that form nano/microscale supramolecular 2D materials in aqueous media. A judicial combination of four different intermolecular interactions forms the basis for the robust formation of these ultrathin assemblies. These assemblies can be programmed to disassemble in response to a specific protein and release its non‐covalently bound guest molecules.
Metal‐Free Cross‐Coupling of Arylboronic Acids and Derivatives with DAST‐Type Reagents for Direct Access to Diverse Aromatic Sulfinamides and Sulfonamides
Authors: Wang Qiang , Tang Xiang‐Ying , Shi Min
Published: August 2016

We have developed a simple and convenient method for the cross‐coupling of arylboronic acids and their derivatives with DAST‐type reagents under mild and metal‐free conditions to directly afford sulfinamides in moderate to good yields. Moreover, sulfonamides were obtained after a simple oxidation reaction. The reaction mechanism was investigated by 18O‐labeling experiments, and the synthetic utility was demonstrated by the sulfoxidation of natural products.
Development of biobased microwave absorbing composites with various magnetic metals and carbons
Authors: Kanehashi Shinji , Oyagi Hiroki , Iwamaru Toraki , Ando Shota , Nagai Kazukiyo , Uekusa Shinichiro , Miyakoshi Tetsuo
Published: August 2016

The preparation and characterization of a biobased electromagnetic absorbing composites derived from natural lacquer as a renewable resource with microwave‐absorption fillers, including Ni–Zn ferrite and carbonyl iron (CI) as magnetic metals and soot and carbon nanotube (CNT) as carbon materials, were investigated in terms of the gel content, hardness, drying properties, and electromagnetic absorption properties. Interestingly, composites with ferrite and CI contained up to 320 and 550 wt %, respectively, of these compounds. This quite high loading capacity of the metal fillers in a natural‐lacquer base could have been due to the high compatibility between the filler and the natural lacquer; this indicated that the natural lacquer worked as a binder for these metals. The morphology of the biobased composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The electromagnetic absorption properties of composites were characterized in the frequency range from 0.05 and 20 GHz by the reflection loss (RL) measurement method in terms of the kind of fillers and filler loading. The natural lacquer did not affect the absorption properties of the fillers. Biobased composites showed over 99% electromagnetic absorption in the frequency range 3.0–4.0 GHz for 280 wt % ferrite and 8.9–9.7 GHz for 200 wt % CI. Conversely, 10 and 20 wt % soot exhibited good performance (RL < −20 dB) between 16.5 and 17.3 and between 8.8 and 9.2 GHz, respectively. The areas with RL values of less than −20 dB of the CNT composites were 10.4–11.0 GHz for 5 wt % and 14.6–15.2 GHz for 10 wt %. Hence, natural lacquer can be used as a binder material for electromagnetic absorption composites. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44131.
A Comparative Study of Intratesticular Ductules in the Spermatogenically Active Testes of Shortfin Mako and Thresher Sharks
Authors: McClusky Leon Mendel , Sulikowski James
Published: August 2016

This comparative study of the radial testes of sexually mature thresher sharks (Alopias vulpinus) and shortfin mako sharks (Isurus oxyrinchus) describes the histology of the three‐tiered network of sperm‐carrying ductules in the testis and the lymphomyeloid tissue associated with it, namely the epigonal organ. In both species, a testis → epigonal gradient was evident regarding the thickness of the ductule epithelial lining and subepithelial investment of connective tissue. Ductules straddling the testis–epigonal border often displayed luminal leukocytes and various signs of regression, including the progressive thickening of the ductule epithelial lining, dissolution of the cytoplasm, and loss of normal histoarchitecture. In Isurus, large amorphous areas formed due to the fusion of neighboring regressing ductules. The epigonal organ of Alopias additionally revealed circular degenerative sperm‐containing, Hassall‐like bodies with either a degenerate or cellular appearance, the latter the result of cell proliferative activity (as shown by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry) in an expanding outer border comprising cells with intensely PCNA immunoreactive slender and oblong nuclei. The latter cells exhibited a periphery‐to‐center transformation of their nuclei, at which stage they were PCNA‐negative and most likely in a terminally differentiated state as they phagocytized the cell debris in the degenerate core. Intermediate stages of these circular bodies were a rarity. The relationship between these degenerate bodies, and the common occurrence of blind pockets in the epithelial linings and non‐apoptosis‐related degenerate patches in the apical cytoplasmic regions of the irregular shaped ductules in Alopias is unclear, and needs further elucidation. Anat Rec, 299:1435–1448, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.