bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stakeholder Trust In the Use of E-Voting: Organizing The Election of Simultaneous Village Heads In Sleman Regency 2020
Authors: Rahmanto Fajar , Nurmandi Achmad , Kusuma Dewi Dian Suluh , Salahudin Salahudin
Published: July 2022

One of the technological developments in politics is the use of E-Voting technology in elections. E-Voting has been done to improve the quality of election results and reduce votes after the election. This paper discusses explaining the purpose of E-Voting in holding simultaneous village head elections in Sleman Regency using descriptive qualitative methods. This type of data consists of content from websites, local government, and online news with analysis using the Nvivo 12 Software plus the explore crosstab query and cluster analysis. This paper reveals that the level of trust in the use of technology in E-Voting from the Regional Government of Sleman Regency of 29.23% will affect the effectiveness of 32.31%, efficiency 21.54%, and transparency the election results of 10.77%. To realizing agreement and energy in the election of village heads based on E-Voting in Sleman Regency, a ballot replacement will carry out with a "smart card." The readiness of human resources from the organizers was carried out with workshops and technical guidance against the primary professional staff (TTU) and field technical staff (TTL). To support the community's readiness, the Regional Government conducts socialization and simulation in advance about the use of E-Voting tools.
An Analysis of Jakarta's Democracy and Political Power in 2019
Authors: Pureklolon Thomas Tokan
Published: July 2022

Indonesia is a democratic country striving to realize people's sovereignty in the government. Indonesia consists of 34 provinces, one of which is Jakarta. This research aimed to analyze the democracy and political power in Jakarta in 2019 by employing the literature review. The researchers had collected the data from primary and secondary sources found in the articles and the web, which were then analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach. The results show that democracy and political power are closely related. In political practice, democracy exists as an instrument to gain power. The aspect of democracy in gaining political power has been well implemented in the political, social, and cultural factors. Besides, the Indonesian democracy index reveals that Jakarta ranks first in Indonesia. Jakarta already has an exemplary democracy, but it still needs to continue to evaluate each indicator to defend its ranking.
Hapahari and Handep: Cultural Aspects in Village Head Elections in Central Kalimantan
Authors: Haridison Anyualatha
Published: July 2022

The article explores the candidate's practice in village head elections, such as vote-buying, brokerage networks, and cultural aspects. We argue that a candidate's victory is determined by the material aspect only, but there are other practices that candidates use to minimize the mobilization of material resources and even resistance. This research is a case study, bound by time and place, and is holistic. We collected data by relying on observation and interviews with many relevant informants in the Pilkades (village head elections) Tumbang Habaon, Central Kalimantan. Through this study, we found that every candidate has engaged in the practice of buying votes and appointing orang kepercayaan (right-hand man) to reach out to voters. However, the material resource practices we observe are not a determinant of a candidate's victory. We analyzed voters' views that they chose because of the candidates' past actions' concrete manifestations, which reflected the Dayak cultural values, namely Hapahari and Handep. In contrast to previous research, candidates believe more in material and spiritual aspects. We broaden his proposition that the candidate's cultural actions drive voter beliefs without resisting the mobilization of material resources.
Sexual Politics and Marital Rape in Indonesia
Authors: Fauzy Ahmad Tsalis Fakhrul , Maharani Septiana Dwiputri
Published: July 2022

Marital rape has become a hot topic of conversation in Indonesia in recent times, along with the ratification of the RUU-PKS. Some people consider it a crime; others consider it unreasonable, so they think that the RUU-PKS is unnecessary in Indonesia. Then, is it true that marital rape is a crime? Why do so many still think of it as making it up if it is true? This topic is essential because marital rape is a form of violence that seems to be legalized in society. Whereas, National Commission on Violence Against Women reported that the cases of marital rape are always more than 100 cases every year. By using the literature research method that refers to the descriptive-qualitative research model and using Kate Millett's sexual-political theory. That marital rape is a crime that falls into sexual violence because it has an element of coercion in sexual intercourse. In addition, people who disagree with the criminalization of marital rape are caused by the existence of a patriarchal mindset in the culture of Indonesian society. Inherited customs and misconceptions of religion influence this mindset taught long ago. This research aims to explain why the RUU-PKS could be a tool to educate the public about marital rape so that it can gradually eliminate marital rape and patriarchy in Indonesia.
Surgical Treatment of Severe Carotid Artery Stenosis in Conjunction with Coronary Artery Stenosis
Authors: Behl Daniela
Published: July 2022

Patients who suffer from atherosclerosis disease frequently experience coronary heart disease in addition to carotid atherosclerotic stenosis as a complication of their condition. It is of the utmost importance to identify a course of treatment that will optimize the benefits for patients who are suffering from both diseases at the same time and need to undergo surgical intervention. In this review, surgical treatments and perspectives on carotid artery stenosis and coronary artery stenosis were discussed in conjunction with one another.
ROOT-MUSIC MEASUREMENTS OF TARGET ELEVATION ANGLES WITH ACCOUNT OF RADIO WAVE’S PHASE FRONT SPHERICITY
Authors:   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Pedenko Yu.
Published: July 2022

Subject and Purpose. The paper is an effectiveness study of the root-MUSIC technique as applied to elevation angle measurements of low-altitude radar targets over the sea, specifically with account of the radio waves’ phase front sphericity. The purpose is to find out whether and how much can the measurement accuracy be improved through account of the phase front sphericity, as compared with the classical approach assuming a plane phase front. Methods and Methodology. The work proceeds from computer simulation, considering a variety of sea roughness levels, and covers a range of radio wave reflection conditions from a nearly specular return to strong diff use reflection from the sea surface. The simulation involves a wide range of target distances within the far-field region with respect to the receive array. Results. A new approach has been suggested for taking into account the phase-front sphericity of the radio waves arriving from the target. The level of errors of elevation angle measurements has been estimated and compared with such shown by the conventional root-MUSIC method which assumes a plane phase front for the waves reflected from the target. The comparison concerns a wide range of sea roughness levels and target separations. Conclusion. It has been established that the proposed version of the root-MUSIC technique which takes wave front sphericity into account can significantly reduce the errors in elevation angle measurements for low-altitude targets.
RESONANCE PROPERTIES OF AN X-BAND RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE SECTION WITH AN INHOMOGENEOUS DIELECTRIC INSET
Authors:   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Ivanchenko I. , Plakhtii V. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Popenko N. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU, Khruslov M. ,   O.Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of the NASU,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: July 2022

Subject and Purpose. In modern dielectrometry, the problem of detecting foreign inclusions in a radio-transparent material, which are significantly smaller than the operational wavelength, remains very important. The problem becomes even more complicated if it is required to determine complex permittivity of these inclusions. This work analyzes the conditions for the correct use of the original resonance method proposed by the authors earlier for determining permittivity of a local inclusion when its dimensions and dielectric constant change. Methods and Methodology. The measured module consists of a rectangular X-band waveguide, which is partially filled with a dielectric in the form of a rectangular Teflon matrix with a local cubic inclusion inside. The dimensions of the matrix are fixed and are 23 mm × 10 mm × 30 mm. Numerical modeling is performed using the Ansys HFSS software package. The dependences of the resonance frequencies of the module upon changing the dielectric constant of the cube are analyzed. The cube permittivity was changed between 3.8 and 100 in 5-unit steps. Permittivity of the material of the cube is determined by comparing arrays of calculated data with experimental results. Results. Numerical modeling of the module was performed and its electrodynamics properties were determined in the frequency band of 8…10 GHz at different sizes and permittivity of the inclusion. For a cube with a facet size of 2 mm, the resonance frequency decreases with a permittivity increase of the material. For a cube with a facet size of 3 mm and permittivity above 50, additional resonances appear in the structure due to the excitation of resonant modes of the cube itself. Conclusion. It has been shown that by varying the dielectric permittivity of the cubic inset between 3.8 and 100 it proves possible to provide for resonant mode excitation over the frequency range specified. This allows estimating the dielectric permittivity of the cubic inset’s material by way of comparing the calculated versus measured data arrays concerning resonant frequency dependences upon material parameters.
AAP Pediatric Coding Newsletter
™ August 2022 Quiz (Online Exclusive)
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2022

Quiz for AAPC Continuing Education Units
GALLOWAY BREED IN BULGARIA – CONTRIBUTION TO SUSTAINABLE BEEF CATTLE BREEDING
Authors: Yarkov D.
Published: July 2022

It is important for beef cattle breeding to ensure responsible animal husbandry and food production, which entails economic, social and environmental implications. Furthermore, it is essential to guarantee a genetic resource prepared for the different challenges of our times. This study includes information about beef cattle breeding in Bulgaria, and describes the characteristics of the Galloway breed. The numerical data presented in the study are based on the available information included in various references in the Agrostatistics database of the Ministry of Agriculture and Foods, agrarian reports of the same ministry and the Executive Agency for Selection and Reproduction in Animal Breeding (EASRAB). The Galloway breed is one of the oldest and purest of local cattle breeds. They are known for their resilience and can subsist on the scarcest of lands, which is important under the conditions of current climatic and other challenges. Regarding the Genetic Reserve and the Gen Bank, registered by the EASRAB, the available information shows that there is no registered reserve and genetic bank for the Galloway breed in Bulgaria. This requires further studies and proposals for the inclusion of the Galloway breed in the selection and reproduction aimed at the development of sustainable beef cattle farming.
A STUDY ON PLASMA FIBRINOGEN AND HAPTOGLOBIN IN LAMBS WITH EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS INFECTION
Authors: Iliev P. , Georgieva T. , Ceciliani F. , Ivanov A.
Published: July 2022

The present study aims to evaluate the changes in concentrations of some acute phase proteins during Haemonchus contortus infection in lambs. This experiment was performed using 12 three-month-old healthy lambs, randomly allocated into 2 equal groups: G1 (uninfected control animals) and G2 (lambs infected with H. contortus). Each lamb of G2 group was orally inoculated with 4000 infective third stage larvae (L3) of H. contortus by placing a probe. Blood samples were collected on post infection days zero, 4, 7, 11, 14, 21, 28 and 32. After sampling, the blood was centrifuged, and the separated plasma was used for the quantitative determination of haptoglobin (Hp) and fibrinogen (Fb). The most pronounced changes occurred in Hp levels, which increased and attained the highest values on post infection days 4, 7, and 11. A peak concentration occurred on post infection day 7 when Hp increased by 45.96% vs the initial level, and by 44.08% vs the control level on the same day. There were no significant changes in Fb concentrations throughout the study.
TUBAN DAN GELOMBANG PASANG ISLAMISASI ABAD KE-15 SAMPAI DENGAN KE-17
Authors: Khoirul Anwar Muhammad Afifudin , Afiyanto Hendra
Published: July 2022

Tuban sebagai kota pelabuhan niaga yang berada di pesisir utara laut Jawa telah memposisikan dirinnya sebagai jalur perdagangan laut dunia sejak abad ke-11. Melalui peran para saudagar muslim dan ulama, Islam dapat berkembang dan melembaga di Tuban. Islamisasi di Tuban berfokus pada kaum bangsawan, harapannya ketika Islam mendapat kekuasaan tertinggi di Tuban maka dapat dikenal oleh masyarakat secara luas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap sejarah Islam di Tuban dan bagaimana Islam mendominasi pesisiran Tuban abad ke-15 sampai ke-17. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah yaitu pengumpulan data, kritik sumber, penafsiran dan penulisan sejarah. Terdapat beberapa temuan dalam penelitian ini. Pertama, terdapat tiga ulama yang berperan dalam menyebarkan Islam di Tuban. Kedua, Islam masuk di Tuban pada masa abad ke-15 bersamaan ketika Adipati Arya Dikara masuk Islam. Ketiga, pengaruh dan dominasi Islam di pesisiran Tuban terhadap agama, budaya, ekonomi dan politik lokal.
ANALISIS ISI SERAT PEPALI KARYA KI AGENG SELO DAN MANFAATNYA UNTUK GENERASI MASA KINI
Authors: Fauziyyah Faza , Rusmana Dadan
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini membahas Serat Pepali dan juga sisi kepengarangan Ki Ageng Selo. Serat Pepali adalah salah satu karya sastra yang memuat ajaran agama Islam, sehingga penelitian ini bisa bermanfaat untuk generasi masa kini. Adapun yang dimaksud sastra yaitu salah satu cabang seni yang dibuat dengan mengutamakan keindahannya melalui bahasa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif melalui teknik telaah pustaka. Metode ini digunakan untuk memaparkan data secara komprehensif terkait telaah kepengarangan Ki Ageng Selo beserta karyanya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hingga sekarang para sastrawan semakin bertambah terutama generasi muda masa kini yang lebih bebas menunjukkan bakatnya dalam menulis karya sastra yang tidak terikat dengan aturan apapun. Semua orang bebas dalam menulis karya sastra. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh serta diolah berdasarkan hasil studi pustaka dengan mencari data melalui jurnal, website, dan buku. Melalui analisis isi dari Serat Pepali ini dapat diketahui bentuk karya sastra pada masa lampau serta sisi kesastrawanan dari Ki Ageng Selo. Selain itu, dengan mempelajari karya sastra pada masa lampau kita sekaligus dapat melestarikannya sehingga akan ada banyak orang yang mengenali karya sastra di Indonesia pada generasi masa kini.
Assessment of machine learning techniques for prediction of integrated water vapor using meteorological data
Authors: Bai Jadala Nirmala , Sridhar Miriyala , Venkata Ratnam D. , Dutta Gopa
Published: July 2022

Weather and Climatological studies are very important in assessing atmospheric conditions like storms and cyclones. Integrated water vapor (IWV) is an important greenhouse gas in the atmosphere responsible for the Earth's radiative balance. Global Positioning System (GPS) observations have been used for monitoring the IWV variability.  The IWV estimations are carried out using ground-based GPS observations at Hyderabad (17.4°N, 78.46°E), India using GAMIT software. GAMIT is GPS analysis software developed by MIT, USA. It takes input as GPS observation data containing pseudo ranges, navigation data containing ephemeris, clock errors, g-files with orbital information, and meteorological data like pressure, temperature, and relative humidity to calculate IWV. However, estimating IWV for forecasting applications is impossible with a GPS system. This paper introduces a methodology to predict IWV during normal days and severe cyclonic events using machine learning (ML) techniques. Rational quadratic Gaussian process regression (RQ-GPR) and neural network (NN) algorithms are considered for identifying suitable ML prediction algorithms over tropical conditions. Meteorological surface data like Pressure, Temperature, and relative humidity are given as input to the machine learning models. The IWV values computed from GPS are compared with the model's predicted values. RQ-GPR model is showing good accuracy with the IWV values computed from GPS against the NN model. The correlation coefficient (ρ) achieved for RQ-GPR is 0.93, and 0.86 is obtained for the NN model.

The RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) of the predicted IWV value with RQ-GPR is better than the NN model. We have obtained mean square error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) as 18.146 kg/m2 and 3.0762 kg/m2 for RQ-GPR and 27.509 kg/m2 and 3.9102 kg/m2 for the NN model which is showing RQ-GPR is a suitable model for forecasting applications. The HUDHUD cyclonic event that occurred in October 2014 is considered for testing the proposed ML algorithms. RQ-GPR model has better results in the Prediction of IWV than the NN model. The RMSE value obtained is 2.837 kg/m2 for RQ-GPR and 3.327 kg/m2 obtained from the NN model. The results indicate that the RQ-GPR model has more accuracy than the other IWV prediction models. The prediction results are helpful for meteorology, weather, and climatology studies and useful to improve the accuracy of the regional numerical weather prediction models.
Formação de professores para a educação profissional: entre memórias e práticas
Authors: Cavalcante Ilane , Henrique Ana , Nascimento Francinaide , Nascimento José
Published: July 2022

O presente livro tematiza as memórias e experiências de formação docente na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, com o intuito de refletir acerca dos processos formativos institucionais, dos saberes à docência e das experiências da práxis. Delimita a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, tendo por enfoques a memória de formação e atuação, o trabalho docente na pós-graduação stricto sensu, bem como as perspectivas de atuação docente e de consolidação do campo da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. A leitura da obra em vitrine apresenta-se como essencial para os profissionais e pesquisadores interessados em explorar de que forma ocorre a formação inicial e continuada de docentes à EPT. As reflexões aqui congregadas buscam contribuir para o fortalecimento do campo da produção do conhecimento sobre o processo de profissionalização docente que atua na EPT
APPROXIMATION OF POSITIONAL IMPULSE CONTROLS FOR DIFFERENTIAL INCLUSIONS
Authors: Finogenko Ivan A. , Sesekin Alexander N.
Published: July 2022

Nonlinear control systems presented as differential inclusions with positional impulse controls are investigated. By such a control we mean some abstract operator with the Dirac function concentrated at each time. Such a control ("running impulse"), as a generalized function, has no meaning and is formalized as a sequence of correcting impulse actions on the system corresponding to a directed set of partitions of the control interval. The system responds to such control by discontinuous trajectories, which form a network of so-called "Euler's broken lines." If, as a result of each such correction, the phase point of the object under study is on some given manifold (hypersurface), then a slip-type effect is introduced into the motion of the system, and then the network of "Euler's broken lines" is called an impulse-sliding mode. The paper deals with the problem of approximating impulse-sliding modes using sequences of continuous delta-like functions. The research is based on Yosida's approximation of set-valued mappings and some well-known facts for ordinary differential equations with impulses.
ON DOUBLE SIGNAL NUMBER OF A GRAPH
Authors: Lenin Xaviour X. , Ancy Mary S.
Published: July 2022

A set \(S\) of vertices in a connected graph \(G=(V,E)\) is called a signal set if every vertex not in \(S\) lies on a signal path between two vertices from \(S\). A set \(S\) is called a double signal set of \(G\) if \(S\) if for each pair of vertices \(x,y \in G\) there exist \(u,v \in S\) such that \(x,y \in L[u,v]\). The double signal number \(\mathrm{dsn}\,(G)\) of \(G\) is the minimum cardinality of a double signal set. Any double signal set of cardinality \(\mathrm{dsn}\,(G)\) is called \(\mathrm{dsn}\)-set of \(G\). In this paper we introduce and initiate some properties on double signal number of a graph. We have also given relation between geodetic number, signal number and double signal number for some classes of graphs.
Intramedullary nail versus locked plate in the treatment of two- and three-part proximal humerus fractures: a retrospective comparative study of 46 cases
Authors: Remigio Gustavo , Bomfim Leonidas de Souza , Maciel Rafael Almeida , Almeida Neto Jose Inacio de , Toledo Daniel Carvalho de , Machado Carla Jorge
Published: July 2022

Objective: to retrospectively evaluate and compare the proportions of complications and radiographic findings of two- and three-part proximal humerus fracture osteosynthesis with two treatment methods: third-generation locked intramedullary nail and locked plate. Methods: 46 patients with a mean age of 58.9±16.6 years were evaluated between January 2020 and January 2021. In sixteen cases (34.8%), an intramedullary nail was used, and in thirty cases (65 .2%), the proximal humerus locked plate. The evaluation used included the rate of complications with a minimum follow-up of 6 months postoperatively and radiographic evaluation. Results: there was no significant difference between the groups regarding the proportion of complications (nail group 18.8%, plate group 13.3%; p=0.681). The nail group showed less residual loss in varus (cervicodiaphyseal angle, nail group 132.1º±2.3º, plate group 123.8º±10.1º; p<0.001). In the plaque group, women had a lower value (1.43±0.22) of the tuberosity-deltoid index (DTI) compared to men (1.58±0.11) (p=0.022). Conclusions: in the short-term follow-up, osteosynthesis, with locked plate and intramedullary nail, did not show differences in the proportions of complications. The nail group showed less change in the post-operative cervicodiaphyseal angle, however, there were two serious complications with cut out and varus deviation requiring a new surgical approach in the nail group.
Aplicación de Técnicas de Análisis de Supervivencia al Estudio del Retraso Estudiantil en la Carrera de Ingeniería Civil-FACET-UNT
Authors: Paz Hugo Roger
Published: July 2022

En este trabajo se exponen los análisis realizados para determinar las posibles causas del atraso en la culminación de los estudios de grado que se observa en la Carrera de Ingeniería Civil de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología (FACET) de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Argentina. En el año 2019, la duración promedio de la carrera fue de 12.15 años, lo cual más que duplica la prevista en el plan de estudio (5,5 años). Conocer sus causas puede permitirnos generar propuestas de mejora para mitigarlos. Para el análisis se han utilizado historias académicas de 1615 estudiantes de ingeniería civil de la FACET-UNT, obtenidos de la base de datos SIGEA (Sistema de Gestión Administrativa y de Alumnos) cuyo período comprende desde el año 2004 al año 2019. En el presente trabajo se han aplicado técnicas de análisis estadístico conocidas como “Análisis de Supervivencia”, las cuales se utilizan para analizar la duración esperada de tiempo hasta que ocurran uno o más eventos, en este caso el egreso de la carrera por parte del estudiante. Asimismo, se analizan las covariantes que influyen en el tiempo que tarda en alumno en realizar sus estudios y se cuantifica su efecto. En relación a la metodología de análisis aplicada, el método de Kaplan-Meier entrega como resultado que el tiempo medio de duración de la carrera de un alumno es de 12,15 años. Finalmente se analiza la influencia que tienen el rendimiento en la aprobación de asignaturas en la duración total de la carrera.
Cumulative effects of antiseizure medication on intelligence in children with focal epilepsy
Authors: Stevering Carmen H. , Lamberink Herm J. , Woodfield Julie , van Schooneveld Monique , Otte Willem M. , Chin Richard F.M. , Bastin Mark E. , Geleijns Karin , Braun Kees P.J.
Published: July 2022

Objective. Antiseizure medication may have long‐term effects on the neurodevelopment of children. We aimed to investigate the association between cumulative antiseizure medication load and intelligence quotient (IQ) in relation to brain volume and cortical thickness.

Methods. A retrospective analysis of children with focal epilepsy who underwent neuropsychological assessment and MRI between the ages of 5‐12 years in a tertiary epilepsy centre was performed. Cumulative medication load was presented in medication‐years. We studied the association between total medication load and IQ with multivariable linear regression, corrected for epilepsy‐related confounders: age at first treatment, aetiology, maximum seizure frequency, duration of active epilepsy, history of secondary generalized seizures, history of status epilepticus, and the number of antiseizure medications used at time of neuropsychological assessment.

Results. We included 59 children. Median medication load was 5.3 medication‐years (interquartile range: 2.0 – 11.1) and mean total IQ (± standard deviation) was 77.4±18.9. A significant negative relation between medication load and total IQ was found with a decrease of 1.2 IQ‐points per medication‐year (95% confidence interval: ‐2.0 to ‐0.3) after correcting for confounders. Medication load and IQ were both not significantly associated with brain volume or cortical thickness.

Significance. Higher cumulative medication load is associated with lower total IQ after adjusting for epilepsy‐related confounders. We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that the medication‐related IQ decrease was mediated by volumetric brain changes. However, these results should be interpreted with caution, and prospective, longitudinal confirmation of these findings is required. Lastly, it should be stressed that effective seizure prevention often outweighs the potential negative effects of antiseizure medication.
Association between MTHFR polymorphism and seizure control in epileptic patients with hyperhomocysteinaemia
Authors: Zou Rong , Dai Yongping , Wang Dongxing , Zhang Xia
Published: July 2022

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between MTHFR polymorphism and seizure control of epileptic patients with hyperhomocysteinaemia.

Methods. A total of 81 epileptic patients with hyperhomocysteinaemia treated with oxcarbazepine monotherapy were enrolled in this study. All patients were offered vitamin B supplementation (2.5 mg/d folate and 1.5 mg/d mecobalamine) for six months. MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms, serum homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 levels as well as seizure frequency and score based on the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) were evaluated at baseline and after six months of follow‐up.

Results. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the extent of decline of seizure frequency positively correlated with a dynamic change in serum homocysteine concentration between baseline and after six months of followup (t=0.241, p=0.015 [Spearman’s coefficient]). For the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, compared to the CC genotype, the TT genotype was associated with a significant downtrend of homocysteine (19.69 vs 10.28 mmol/L, p=0.006) and uptrend of folate (6.21 vs 2.49 ng/mL; p=0.004). The decrease in homocysteine (17.94 vs 12.52 mmol/L, p=0.001) and increase of folate (5.08 vs 2.86 ng/mL; p=0.003) were significantly greater in patients with the T allele compared to those with the C allele. Also, the TT genotype (2.33 vs 1.4, p=0.056) and T allele (1.95 vs 1.38, p=0.037) were associated with a greater decrease in seizure frequency compared to the CC genotype or C allele. The A1298C polymorphism alone was not associated with elevated homocysteine or decreased folate levels at baseline, and showed little association with response to vitamin B supplementation in epileptic patients with hyperhomocysteinaemia. However, in patients with combined 677TT/1298AA or 677TT/1298AC polymorphisms, the changes in homocysteine and folate levels and seizure frequency were more obvious.

Significance. MTHFR C677T polymorphism was associated with seizure control in epileptic patients with hyperhomocysteinaemia; individuals with the 677TT genotype or T allele demonstrated better seizure control.
Thermal upgrading of nickel from limonite by means of selective reduction
Authors: Bahfie F. , Manaf A. , Astuti W. , Nurjaman F. , Prasetyo E. , Sumardi S.
Published: July 2022

X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy energy dispersion spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) measurements were used to investigate the mineralogical characteristics and distribution of data set in limonite soil from Indonesia. The findings point to a complicated inner core in laterite ore. Ni, Fe, Mg, Al, and Si levels in limonite are 1.4, 50.5, 1.81, 4.86 and 16.5 wt %, respectively. The iron oxide/oxyhydroxide content of limonite is 94.4 and 5.6 % silicate. DTA shows that limonite has a phase transition in the low temperature (200 – 300 °C) with the goethite transformation to hematite. This phase is good optimalization for nickel diffusion in the iron. Moreover, for this limonite, the thermal upgrading was used as a good method.
Optimizing the mode of contact butt welding of railway rails
Authors: Kozyrev N. A. , Bashchenko L. P. , Shevchenko R. A. , Mikhno A. R.
Published: July 2022

Optimization of the technological process of manufacturing long-length rail lashes is a difficult task, since in addition to a large number of operations, the equipment used today for contact butt welding of railway rails by pulsating reflow has a large number of technical parameters (input factors) affecting the quality of the resulting welded joint (output factors). Such a number of parameters does not allow us to fully select the optimal welding modes and leads to the impossibility of using a full or fractional factor experiment. In the work, data processing of 79 experimental welds was carried out using regression analysis. The main stages of the welding process are highlighted: the first stage is melting; the second stage is melting, forcing, precipitation. Based on the obtained oscillograms of the welding process on the K1100 rail welding machine, average values of current, voltage, speed of movement of the movable bed were obtained at various stages of melting, as well as precipitation forces, precipitation time under current, precipitation paths at the last stage when welding R65 rails of the DT350 category. The obtained regression equations determining the results of tests for static three-point bending were analyzed and unsatisfactory parameters according to the Student’s t-criterion were excluded from them. These equations in the end take into account the influence of each technological stage of the process of contact butt welding of railway rails on the output properties and the model is adequate according to the Fischer’s F-criterion. With the help of these regression models, the recommended modes of contact butt welding by pulsating reflow were obtained and their testing was carried out at a rail welding company.
Assessment of efficiency of the use of Bakal siderites in blast furnace smelting
Authors: Vusikhis A. S. , Leont’ev L. I. , Agafonov S. N.
Published: July 2022

Metallurgical plants in the Urals are experiencing a shortage of iron ore raw materials, which is compensated by the use of materials imported from Central Russia, the Kola Peninsula and Kazakhstan. Replacing them with the local raw materials would increase the competitiveness of metal produced in the Urals, so the question of assessing the possibility of replacing imported raw materials with local ones is very relevant. Such raw materials could be siderite ores from the Bakal deposit. They are not in demand among metallurgists because of their low iron content and high magnesium content. Calculations of blast furnace smelting made by means of balance logical-statistical model showed that additions of annealed and metallized concentrates improve performance. However, with increasing siderites in the charge, content of magnesium oxide in the slag increases, which affects its viscosity and makes it difficult or impossible to smelt using more than 20 % of siderites. It was proposed to use boron oxide to liquefy the slag. Thermodynamic modeling was used to assess the effect of adding 1 – 3 % B2O3 to the charge on chemical composition of the slag and distribution of boron between the metal and oxide phases. It was shown that in the melting process, boron is recovered from the slag phase and partially transferred to the metal. This leads to a decrease in B2O3 content in the final slag. Comparative analysis of the calculated and experimental data shows a close content of boron in the metal, determined theoretically and experimentally. It should be taken into account when calculating the charge. According to the calculations, the main reducing agent of boron is silicon, and the experimental data shows that it is carbon.
Worsening of Migraine Associated with Hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Kim Min-Ku , Lee Se-Jin
Published: July 2022

A 45-year-old woman presented with worsening of migraine without aura. Laboratory test revealed hyperprolactinemia, but brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal. She had no known etiologies of hyperprolactinemia. Headache improved together with normalization of serum prolactin level after administration of bromocriptine. However, withdrawal of bromocriptine caused elevation of serum prolactin level and worsening of migraine headache. She repeated similar pattern of improvement and aggravation two times more. We suggest that hyperprolactinemia may cause aggravation of migraine headache.
Significance of Intellectual Property Rights in the Era of Global Value Chain: A Case Study of Apple
Authors: Kaur Palvinder
Published: July 2022

After emerging out of the extensive outsourcing activities of multinational corporations, the virtual factory model is now playing a prominent role in globalization. Using Apple as a case study, this paper explores the concept of a virtual manufacturer. As multinational corporations extensively use intellectual property in emerging markets, they are also concerned about the infringement of intellectual property rights. This study examines this problem that has become increasingly relevant in the context of the protection of intellectual property rights in global value chains and trade. An international index is used to demonstrate that rights to intellectual property are typically excellent in industrialized countries and adequate in the majority of developing countries. The trade dispute between the US and China has received considerable attention here.
Estimating the Long-run Equilibrium among Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Portfolio Investment and Economic Growth: The Case of Indian Economy
Authors: Pujari Sudharsana Reddy , Mamilla Rajasekhar
Published: July 2022

Foreign institutional investment (FII) and foreign direct investment (FDI) play a vital role in the economic development of a country as these capital flows bridge the gap between the domestic savings and the amount required for achieving the targeted capital formation. This paper tries to study how these capital flows are helping India in enhancing the economic activities. It attempts to confirm the long-run and short-run relationship among the foreign direct investment, foreign institutional investments and Index of Industrial Production (IIP) in India during April, 2012 to March, 2020. Johansen cointegration test is applied to confirm the presence of long-run equilibrium and Vector Error Correction Model is applied to study the long-run and short-run properties of the variables. Finally, we have applied Impulse Response Function to understand the dynamic behaviour of the variables in the model.. It is found that the three variables- FDI, FII and IIP are cointegrated in the long-run. However, there is no causality running from FDI and FII to IIP as per the results of VECM Model.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Consumer Protection Act, 2019 in the Backdrop of Consumer Protection Act, 1986: An Empirical Study
Authors: Nagar Ranita , Tiwari Prashant
Published: July 2022

This paper is conceptualized within the framework of liability system as an exchange system based on the ‘Law and Economics’ approach. It empirically measures, in percentage terms, the nature, types, causes, form and extent of harm faced by the consumer during transacting goods and services based on Consumer Protection Act, 1986 and the extent of redressal available to the consumer under Consumer Protection Act 1986 in order to evaluate the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 Act on efficiency parameters. The random sampling method has been applied to identify a total of 200 cases from the states of Kerala and Rajasthan over a three-year time line. The data analysis of the two states highlights significant reduction of transaction cost as well as efficient internalization of the harm in the Consumer Protection Act 2019 Act as compared to its 1986 counterpart; yet there are instances where 2019 can be made more efficient.
Potential Impact of Covid-19 on Occupational Status, Mobility and Digital Payment System in India
Authors: Devi Bisla , Singh Chhatrapal
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 pandemic affected the socio-economic and attitudinal changes in society by altering livelihood to a large extent. The eruption of COVID-19 in China threatens not only human health but also the world's economic growth in the years to come. An examination of the three-dimensional changes in socio-economic and occupational shifts resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic is presented in this paper. Firstly, it describes the occupational shifts, related perception, and demand and supply of ‘work from home’ experience. Secondly, the dynamics of reverse migration, unemployment, and altered wages are discussed. Thirdly, the paper examines the increased need for digital payment systems to reduce hand-to-hand transmission of the virus which indirectly uplifts the scope of some occupational activities. Therefore, systemic restructuring is required with the help of different models/ schemes to address the changing demand and supply, and to adapt to the new environment of jobs and attitudes, technology use and ‘work from home’ experiences.
A Study on Consumer Awareness and Perception about GST
Authors: Garg Yogesh , Anand Neeta
Published: July 2022

Taxes play a major role in any economy to fund public spending and for redistribution of wealth. Before the introduction of Goods and Services Tax (GST), there were multiple taxes charged by the Centre and states in India making the overall tax structure more complicated. To harmonize the system of indirect taxes in India, GST was implemented on 1st July 2017, replacing various indirect taxes such as VAT, custom duty, excise duty, etc. It is a comprehensive tax in which large number of central and states taxes were merged into a single tax. The main aim of GST was to reduce the double or cascading tax burden on taxpayers, making the indirect taxation system easy and transparent. The common people are affected by the GST and they have different opinion regarding its fairness. It may be possible due to different level of awareness and understanding. The purpose of this paper is to find out the degree of consumers’ awareness and perception about GST. This study uses primary data which is collected through the well structured questionnaire from the consumers belonging from different age groups. Furthermore, the study looks to examine the relationship between customer’s awareness and perception about GST.
GST and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
Authors: Sury M. M.
Published: July 2022

In view of the crucial role of MSMEs in employment generation and the development of the economy, it is imperative for the government to make it easier for this sector to do business and comply with the rules and regulations in force. In recognition of the same, relief to this sector in GST laws has been a priority area for the tax authorities. This paper discusses the various provisions related to GST that are of particular significance to MSMEs such as the composition levy scheme, soft tax rate policy for MSMEs, simplified compliance procedures for MSMEs and sector-specific concessions and reliefs.
Examining Socio-Economic Inequality Among Commuters: The Case of the Jakarta Metropolitan Area
Authors: Aritenang Adiwan
Published: July 2022

The rapid development of urban areas in surrounding regions has led to an increasing number of commuters within and between core-peripheral regions. However, variation in jobs and economic levels has exacerbated the socio-economic inequalities between metropolitan residents. Using the commuter data of the Jakarta Metropolitan Area, this study examines the socio-economic disparities of commuting behaviour, spatial patterns, and health between commuters with incomes lower and higher than the regional minimum wage. The article conducts quantitative descriptive statistics and a non-parametric test using the BPS—Statistics Indonesia 2019 commuter data that included 13,000 sample respondents from the Jakarta Province and its neighbouring districts. Our result reveals a significant impact of income level on the choice of private transportation mode, whilst having no effect on the choice of public transportation modes. Higher-income peripheral residents tend to commute to the core metropolitan area (Jakarta Province), while lower-income commuters typically travel between peripheral areas. The article also indicates the negative physical health impact of prolonged and early-hours commuting, especially for lower-income groups. The article proposes better public transportation that is convenient, safe, and reliable, to ensure a sustainable and resilient metropolitan area.
The Gender–Poverty–Mobility Nexus and the Post-Pandemic Era in South Africa
Authors: Howe Lindsay Blair
Published: July 2022

As part of long-term comparative research into the Gauteng City-Region, this article presents mixed-methods studies in the informal settlement of Denver, located in the industrial belt southeast of Johannesburg’s city center. It unpacks the results of focus groups, ethnographic and expert interviews, as well as mapping with an innovative smartphone tracking application, comparing everyday life for several households in this area before the pandemic in 2019 and during the pandemic in 2020. Findings show that the pandemic exacerbated the disproportionate burdens related to gendered roles of household management, childcare, and mobility, both on the macro- as well as the micro-scale. The article thus defines the “gender–poverty–mobility nexus” that shapes space and everyday life in the Gauteng City-Region, precluding places like Denver from overcoming their marginality. Post-pandemic planning policy could be transformative for such spaces if it can build on this knowledge to better identify the needs of these vulnerable social groups and connect them to opportunities. It concludes with suggestions on how these empirically revealed dynamics could be translated into responses on the urban and regional scales, in the name of more equitable, resilient planning futures for Johannesburg and beyond.
Intellectuals as creators of war narratives
Authors: Balakleets Natalia A.
Published: July 2022

The article examines the features of the war narratives, the authors of which are both the Western European intellectuals and the members of the Russian intelligentsia. The research of war narratives has revealed the ambivalence in understanding and assessing of the war events by intellectuals (special attention is paid to the events of the First World War); the ambiguity in the definition of the concepts victory, defeat, combatant, enemy, heroism is shown. The reasons for the semantic discrepancies between the war narratives, created by intellectuals, and the official power discourse are explicated.
Cultural picture of Russian history
Authors: Kostetckii Victor V.
Published: July 2022

With a cultural approach, the history of Russia falls into three different stories: the history of the state, the history of the ethnic group, the history of the culture itself each of which lives its own life and in its own time. The Russian state did not form around the Russian world, but around the Danish money of the IX-XI century, the phenomenon of which distorts the whole picture of European feudalism. The ethnic culture of Slavism is determined by the taboo system of civilization in the process of Indo-Aryan migrations, which can theoretically be restored. As for the Russian culture, it is more original and Russian state, and Slavic. Russian culture, the Russian spirit are related to the society of the nobility of previous civilizations, borrowing elements of chivalry. The overlapping of three different stories turns into both the originality of Russia and many oddities in politics, economics, warfare, in the fields of art, religion, education.
El Arte de Correas. Norma lingüística y sistemas preposicional y adverbial
Authors: Recio Doncel Ana
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo pretende ofrecer un estudio comparativo entre la descripción de los sistemas preposicional y adverbial en el Arte de la lengua española castellana de Gonzalo Correas y los usos que podemos hallar en un corpus textual extraído de la plataforma CODEA cercano cronológicamente a la publicación de la gramática. Para ello, partiremos de algunas reflexiones sobre norma lingüística en torno a las ideas y los fines que llevaron al autor a la elaboración de dicha obra. Como bien es sabido, las nóminas prepositiva y adverbial han sido objeto de variación a lo largo de la evolución del español y ello hace que su descripción gramatical por parte de autores antiguos resulte de especial interés histórico y lingüístico.