bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ownership and Use of Long-lasting Insecticidal Nets Three Months after a Mass Distribution Campaign in Uganda, 2021
Authors: Kwiringira Andrew , Nanziri Carol , Nsubuga Edirisa Juniour , Migamba Stella Martha , Ntono Vivian , Atuhaire Immaculate , Ahirirwe Sherry Rita , Asio Alice , Senyange Shaban , Nakamya Petranilla , Masanja Veronicah , Elayeete Sarah , Komakech Allan , Nansikombi Hilda T. , Mwine Patience , Nampeera Rose , Ndyabakira Alex , Okello Paul , Migisha Richard , Bulage Lilian , Kwesiga Benon , Kadobera Daniel , Rutazana Damian , Harris Julie R. , Ario Alex R.
Published: April 2022

Background: Uganda conducted its third mass Long-Lasting Insecticide-treated Net (LLIN) distribution campaign in 2021. The target of the campaign was to ensure that 100% of households own at least 1 LLIN per 2 persons and to achieve 85% use of distributed LLINs. We assessed LLIN ownership, use, and associated factors 3 months after the campaign.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional household survey in 14 districts during April 13-30, 2021. We selected households using multistage sampling. We asked about LLIN ownership, use, duration since received until the time of interview, and visually verified the presence of LLINs. Outcomes were having at least one LLIN per 2 household members, and individual LLIN use. We used modified Poisson regression to assess associations between exposures and outcomes.Results: In total, 5,529 households with 27,585 residents and 15,426 LLINs were included in the analysis. Overall, 95% of households owned ≥1 LLIN, 92% of the households owned ≥1 LLIN <3 months old, 81% of households owned ≥1 LLIN per 2 persons in the household, and 69% of residents slept under an LLIN the previous night. Factors associated with LLIN ownership included believing that LLINs are protective against malaria (aPR=1.13; 95% CI=1.04-1.24). Reported use of mosquito repellents was negatively associated with ownership of LLINs (aPR=0.96; 95% CI=0.95-0.98). The prevalence of LLIN use was 9% higher among persons who had LLINs 3-12 months old (aPR=1.09; 95% CI=1.06-1.11) and 10% higher among those who had LLINs 13-24 months old (aPR=1.10; 95% CI=1.06-1.14) than those who had LLINs <3 months old. Of 3,859 LLINs identified in the households but not used for sleeping the previous night, 3,250 (84%) were <3 months old. Among these 3,250, 41% were not used because owners were using old LLINs, 16% were not used because of lack of space for hanging them, 11% were not used because of fear of chemicals in the net, 5% were not used because of dislike of the smell of the nets, and 27% were not used because of other reasons.Conclusion: Three months after a LLIN distribution campaign, both LLIN ownership and use remained well below targets. The government should consider distributing additional LLINs to achieve and sustain a target of ≥1 LLIN for 2 household members and behavior change communication before the distribution of LLINs to counter misconceptions about new LLINs.
Spring Test for Automatic Measuring of Signal Complexity
Authors: Cheng Jie , Huang Haiyong , Li Wenshi
Published: April 2022

In order to automatically measure the complexity of time series, we invented 3S plot, and the embedded spring is a one-dimensional manifold. Three automatic statistical indexes are defined by self-similarity measure, extreme value search acceleration and neighborhood rotation phase, respectively. The above three new metrics and another two comparison standards, Lyapunov exponent and spectral entropy complexity, can pass the benchmark system test of unified equation. Under the guidance of visualization of bifurcation diagram, three probability measuring methods with relatively weak independent recognition abilities and one phase measuring method with relatively sensitive detection ability can easily identify the order and chaos states following Chua's equation. Finally, five main measuring tools are used to successfully characterize the new 555 timer-based chaotic signals.
One-Step Acid Bleachable Pretreatment with a Recyclable Acid Hydrotrope and Chlorate for Biomass Valorization
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Shi Xuehui , Tao Furong , Ji Hairui , Ji Xingxiang , Tian Zhongjian , Chen Jiachuan
Published: April 2022

Pretreatment is a necessary step to converting lignocellulosic biomass from its native form into a more accessible form for the value-added utilization of its main components. Herein, we developed a one-step acid bleachable pretreatment method using a recyclable acid hydrotrope (p-toluenesulfonic acid, p-TsOH) and chlorate to achieve the fibers bleaching and lignin extraction simultaneously. Under a mild condition (C80T80t45), 84.33% of hemicellulose and 76.79% of lignin were dissolved out. The obtained dispersed fibers with a high whiteness of 60.13% ISO can be used for papermaking or ethanol production. The results from quasi-simultaneous enzymatic saccharification and combined fermentation (Q-SSF) of the pretreated substrate indicated that the ethanol concentration and yield reached to 39.30 ± 0.57 g/L and 82.36 ± 1.15%, respectively. What’s more, according to the results of lignin characterization, the aromatic rings in extracted lignin were opened forming dicarboxylic acids as well as derivatives due to the oxidation of chlorate, which is beneficial for its catalytic upgrading and composites preparation. Therefore, this study is important to valorization of lignocellulosic biomass.
The Interactions of Adding Polymer and Waste Plastic Fibers to Reinforced Concrete Beams' Flexural Behavior
Authors: Al-Hadithi Abdulkader I. , Al-Waysi Shahd Yonus , Al-Gburi Majid
Published: April 2022

This research was conducted to study the effect of adding waste plastic fibers (WPFs) on the flexural behaviour of polymer-modified reinforced concrete (PMRC) beams. Fifteen simply supported RC beams with a cross section of (100 × 150) mm and a clear span of 1100 mm were tested under two-point loads until failure. Reinforced concrete beams are classified into five groups, each containing three beams with a different area steel ratio (ρ) value. The first group was made up of the normal concrete mix. The second group was made with SBR modified concrete, while the three remaining groups were made of polymer modified concrete PMC containing (WPFs) with volumetric ratios of equal to (0.75, 1.25, and 1.75%). Test results established that the adding of WPFs, in addition, to decreasing the danger of PET wastes to the environment, leads to an increase in the maximum applied load, causing ultimate failure, an increment in ductility index, and transformation of the mode of failure of the tested beams into a more ductile one for all beams containing such kinds of fibers.
Patients’ and clinicians’ perspectives towards primary care consultations for shoulder pain: qualitative findings from the Prognostic And Diagnostic Assessment of the Shoulder programme
Authors: Saunders Benjamin , Burton Claire , Windt Danielle Van Der , Myers Helen , Chester Rachel , Pincus Tamar , Wynne-Jones Gwenllian
Published: April 2022

Background
Clinical management of musculoskeletal shoulder pain can be challenging due to diagnostic uncertainty, variable prognosis and limited evidence for long-term treatment benefits. The UK-based PANDA-S programme (Prognostic And Diagnostic Assessment of the Shoulder) is investigating short and long-term shoulder pain outcomes. This paper reports linked qualitative research exploring patients’ and clinicians’ views towards primary care consultations for shoulder pain.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 patients and 15 primary care clinicians. Twenty-two interviews (11 patients, 11 clinicians) were conducted as matched patient-clinician ‘dyads’. Data were analysed thematically.
Results
Clinicians reported attempts to involve patients in management decisions; however, there was variation in whether patients preferred treatment choice, or for decisions to be clinician-led. Some patients felt uncertain about the decisions made, due to a lack of discussion about available management options. Many GPs expressed a lack of confidence in diagnosing shoulder pain. Patients reported either not being given a diagnosis, or receiving different diagnoses from different professionals, resulting in confusion. Whilst clinicians reported routinely discussing prognosis of shoulder pain, patients reported that prognosis was not raised. Patients also expressed concern that their shoulder pain could be caused by serious pathology; however, clinicians felt that this was not a common concern for patients.
Conclusions
Findings showed disparities between patients’ and clinicians’ views towards shoulder pain consultations, indicating a need for improved patient-clinician communication. Findings will inform the design of an intervention to support treatment and referral decisions for shoulder pain that will be tested in a randomised controlled trial.
vACcine COnfidence amongst those living with alleRgy during the coviD pandemic (ACCORD): a scoping review protocol
Authors: Golding Michael A , Askin Nicole , Batac Ayel L R , Merrill Kaitlyn A , Abams Elissa M , Bégin Philippe , Ben-Shosan Moshe , Ladouceur Erika , Roos Leslie E , Protudjer Vladan , Protudjer Jennifer LP
Published: April 2022

Background Reports of allergic reactions to the COVID-19 vaccines have been documented, which may also contribute to hesitancy. Despite the low likelihood that the COVID-19 vaccine will trigger an allergic reaction, we and others have reported that families with allergy remain vaccine hesitant due to concerns of COVID-19-vaccine-triggered anaphylaxis.Objective To present our scoping review protocol, that will inform a forthcoming living scoping review in which we will investigate the peer-reviewed and grey literature on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and allergic disease and/or allergic reactions following a COVID-19 vaccine.Methods Informed by Arksey and O’Malley framework for methodological review, we have developed a search strategy with content and methodological experts, and which has undergone Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies review. A search of 4 scientific databases, as well as gray literature, will be performed without restriction to articles by type of COVID-19 vaccine, or country of study, and will include publications in the 10 languages our team can handle. Bi-monthly search alerts based on the search strategy will be generated.Results The first search will result in a stand alone peer reviewed scoping review. Bi-monthly updates will be posted on a pre-print server. Depending on the volume of literature, these updates will be synthesized and submitted for peer-review at 6 and/or 12 months.Conclusion COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy amongst individuals with allergy persists, despite very low risk of serious adverse reactions. Our living scoping review, which includes multiple forms of knowledge translation, will be a rigorous way to address hesitancy.
A Theoretical Study to Estimate Milk Adulteration Using Surface Plasmon Technique
Authors: N Prathap , S. Arun Prakash
Published: April 2022

The Plasmonic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) device was used to develop a rapid, simple, and specific immunoassay to detect adulteration in milk. The rapid detection of adulteration such as Urea, Melamine, and Salmonella is a major concern for the food industry. In the present study, urea, melamine, and salmonella are detected in cow and buffalo milk using SPR based technique. The performance of the proposed sensor for urea detection in buffalo and cow milk is 37.952°/RIU and 38.44°/RIU, respectively. In contrast, the sensitivity detected by the proposed SPR sensor for the salmonella and melamine salmonella adulteration in the milk is 22.0025°/RIU and 179.125°/RIU, respectively.
Comparing Forces on the Fetal Neck in Breech Delivery in Lithotomy Versus All-fours Position: A Simulation Model
Authors: Fard Delnaz , Borchers Chiara , Philippeit Jill Caren , Philippeit Anja V. , Kaukemüller Laura R. , Higgins-Wood Lara R. , Papageorgiou Spyridon , Hillemanns Peter , von Kaisenberg Constantin S. , Klapdor Rüdiger
Published: April 2022

Purpose: To measure forces applied to the fetal neck, in a simulation model for breech delivery, in both lithotomy versus all-fours position.Methods: We used a Laerdal SimMom simulator and a Birthing Baby together with PROMPT Flex Software. The descent of the fetus was accomplished using the Automatic Delivery Module 2. The baby was always in breech position, the SimMom in either all-fours or lithotomy positions. Sensors were located inside the fetal neck region to simulate forces applied to the plexus.Results: The lowest force on the fetal neck region was recorded for the delivery in all-fours position without further maneuvers (mean force 58.70 Newton, standard deviation 2.54 N). As weight was added to the baby, the force increased (i.e. +500g, mean force 71.8 N, SD 3.08 N, p<0.001). Delivery in lithotomy position resulted in a mean force of 81.56 N (SD 19.55 N). The force significantly increased in case of delivery of the head without assistance from contractions (mean force 127.93 N, SD 23.10 N). In all-fours position the delivery of the fetal head from pelvic floor level without contractions (Frank´s Nudge maneuver) resulted in a mean force of 118.45 N (SD 15.48 N, p=0.02). Maneuvers for shoulder dystocia (the inverted type that can occur during breech delivery) led to significantly higher mean forces independent from birthing positions.Conclusion: Breech delivery in all-fours position was associated with the lowest force acting on the fetal neck in our simulation model.
Soil and Topographic Impacts on Vegetation Dynamics in Remnant Forest Patches of Este District, South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Dilnessa Gashaye , Zerihun Woldu , Sileshi Nemomissa , Enyew Adgo
Published: April 2022

Plants interact with soil, geophysical, and disturbances within their habitats. This research aims to investigate the impact of soil, geophysical, and disturbances on plant species diversity attributes (diversity, richness, and evenness) in five forest patches of Este District, South Gondar Zone, northwestern Ethiopia. Vegetation and environmental data were collected from 71 square sampling plots (400 m2 area), laid at parallel transects in the forest patches. We collected data on plant species attributes, soil (acidity (pH), cation exchange (EC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), organic matter, organic carbon, available potassium, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, bulk density), geographic (altitude, slope, and aspect), and disturbance level of the habitats. The correlation in plant species diversity attributes and environmental parameters was performed using various functions in R statistical programming. The correlation analysis indicated that the plant diversity attributes were associated with EC and ESP negatively and pH positively; with altitude and disturbance (both negatively and positively depending on the range of the gradients). It is concluded that plant attributes interact with environmental conditions in a range of strengths of interactions. This study was based on small samples in a single district. Therefore, it would be helpful if future researchers could cover larger geographical areas with different land-use types and collect larger soil samples for evaluation of the impacts of most primary and secondary soil nutrients on the plant attributes. This would allow a more comprehensive analysis that would be beneficial for forest management and conservation strategies in a study region.
Thermodynamic principles for system biology and the patterns of flower pigmentation
Authors: Zhao Qinyi
Published: April 2022

The thermodynamic principles for system biology are reviewed and formulated, and then basic patterns of flower pigmentation are interpreted. Main thoughts: 1) any biological trait (color or function of a cell) is logically related to a thermodynamic system (or physiological system, signaling network of the cell); 2) the striped, speckled and circle are three basic patterns of flower pigmentation, the development of flowers is an irreversible process;; 3) the patterns of flower pigmentation is formed in flower development; 4) the flower cells can change its color in a period of development and this process is controlled thermodynamically; 5) there is giant space of physiology within an organism and within it numerous thermal states can appear under different conditions. In this theory, the dominant inheritance means that a gene contributes great to the thermodynamic stability of a trait related system; different genes can be interacted or integrated thermodynamically according to their contribution to the stability of its related system. By combination of Turing theory and our views, complex patterns of pigmentation could be explained theoretically.
Lubrication behavior of n-hexadecane on ZnO layer at the nanoscale:A molecular dynamic exploration
Authors: Ren Kaikai , Liu Lin , Li Jing , Pan Haijun , Wang Zhijian
Published: April 2022

In this work, the lubricating models of Cu-Zn alloy with and without the Zinc oxide (ZnO) layer were established. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is employed to investigate the lubrication behavior of n-hexadecane on the ZnO layer at the nanoscale. The diffusion of lubricant molecules, and the interaction and stick-slip effect between the friction pairs and the lubricants are systematically explored. The results show that the ZnO layer limits the diffusion of n-hexadecane molecules and the formed lubricating films in the model of the substrate with the ZnO layer are obvious and stable. During the sliding process, ZnO molecules have strong interaction with lubricants molecules and adsorb lubricants molecules on the surface to form adsorption film. The stick-slip effect in the lubricating films generates periodic shear stress and reduces the wear of the friction pair. The ZnO layer causes lubricants molecules to be arranged regularly on the surface into a stable structure to sustain the greater load.
SOX2 expression in the pathogenesis of premalignant lesions of the uterine cervix: its histo-topographical distribution distinguishes between low and high grade CIN
Authors: Moshi Jobran M. , Ummelen Monique , Broers Jos L.V. , Smedts Frank , Pathology Department , Cleutjens Jack P.M. , Litjens Rogier J.N.T.M. , Ramaekers Frans C.S. , Hopman Anton H. N.
Published: April 2022

Aims: SOX2 expression was evaluated in cervical intraepithelial neoplastic lesions (CIN1, 2 and 3). The SOX2 distribution patterns in the epithelial compartments were correlated to their genetic make-up and presence of HPV copies.Methods and Results: SOX2 expression levels and histological distribution patterns were studied in normal squamous epithelium and in p16 positive CIN lesions. Copy numbers of the SOX2, SOX17 and TERC genes and of chromosomes 1, 3q and 7, as well as HPV genotypes and viral physical status were correlated with SOX2 distribution patterns. In general SOX2 expression increased with severity of CIN, but a specific expression pattern was found in CIN3. This pattern was characterized by absence of SOX2 in the basal compartment of the epithelium and variable levels in the intermediate and superficial compartments. This SOX2 staining pattern is significantly associated with CIN3 (p=0.004), not found in CIN1 and seen only in a small fraction of the CIN2 lesions. The chromosome ploidy and gene copy numbers in the HPV positive basal cell compartments of CIN3 were normal, in contrast to CIN2 where aneusomic cells were detected in these layers. Conclusions: Based on the SOX2 immunostaining pattern CIN1 and CIN2 could be delineated from CIN3. These data shed new light on the pathogenesis and dynamics of progression in premalignant cervical lesions, as well as on the target cells for HPV infection. Sox2 staining patterns may become a useful marker to distinguish CIN3 from low grade CIN particularly in diagnostically challenging cases.
A Uncommon Cardiac Complication after Endoscopic Dilation of a Gastric Sleeve Stricture in an Obese Woman
Authors: Nguyen Hang , Ricci Brittany , Tse Chung Sang
Published: April 2022

Endoscopic balloon dilation is a widely accepted non-surgical therapeutic approach for managing gastrointestinal luminal strictures. While complication rates vary depending on endoscopist experience, patient clinical status, and the nature of the stricture, complication rates are generally low. We present a case of a rare, but serious, complication of marked bradycardia after an elective endoscopic dilation of gastrectomy sleeve anastomotic stricture.
Unraveling quinoproteins-based extracellular electron transport in humus-dependent respiratory growth of Methanosarcina acetivorans
Authors: Song Yuanxu , Li Ling , Du Kaifeng , Zhu Fanping , Song Chao , Yuan Xian-Zheng , Wang Mingyu , Wang Shuguang , Ferry James G. , Yan Zhen
Published: April 2022

Microbial respiration using humus plays a critical role in organic matter decomposition and biogeochemical cycling of elements in diverse natural environments. A longstanding recognition is that microbial respiration is achieved through extracellular electron transfer mediated by electrical pili or c-type cytochromes. Here, we describe the capability of humus-dependent respiratory growth of a methanogen, namely Methanosarcina acetivorans, which is a model for studying acetoclastic methanogenesis. A previously unexplored gene cluster that encodes cell surface quinoproteins was identified as being responsible for extracellular electron transfer. Pyrroloquinoline quinone was found to be a cofactor for the quinoproteins, providing electrical interplay sites with quinone moieties of humus. The membrane-bound methanophenazine, which is analogous to ubiquinone, participated in extracellular electron transfer, being potentially coupled with energy-conserving humus respiration. Given that these quinoproteins are widely distributed in methanogens, our findings extend the current understanding of microbial humus respiration in the context of global methane dynamics.
Sleep-disordered breathing in adults with precapillary pulmonary hypertension: Prevalence and predictors of nocturnal hypoxemia
Authors: Murta Marcia S. , Duarte Ricardo L. M. , Waetge Daniel , Gozal David , Cardoso Alexandre P. , Mello Fernanda C. Q.
Published: April 2022

Purpose
To evaluate the frequency of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and predictors of the presence of nocturnal desaturation in adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Methods
Outpatients with a hemodynamic diagnosis of precapillary pulmonary hypertension who underwent portable polysomnography were evaluated. Diagnosis and severity of SDB were assessed using three well-established respiratory disturbance index (RDI) thresholds: 5.0/h, 15.0/h, and 30.0/h, while nocturnal hypoxemia was defined by the average oxygen saturation (SpO2) < 90%. Multiple linear regression analysis evaluated the potential relationships among explanatory variables with the dependent variable (average SpO2 values), with comparisons based on the standardized regression coefficient (β). The R-squared (R2; coefficient of determination) was used to evaluate the goodness-of-fit measure for the linear regression model.
Results
Thirty-six adults were evaluated (69.4% females). The majority of the participants (75.0%) had SDB (26 with obstructive sleep apnea [OSA] and one with central sleep apnea [CSA]); while 50% of them had nocturnal hypoxemia. In the linear regression model (R2 = 0.391), the mean pulmonary artery pressure [mPAP] (β: -0.668; p = 0.030) emerged as the only independent parameter of the average SpO2.
Conclusion
Our study found that the majority of the participants had some type of SDB with a marked predominance of OSA over CSA, while half of them had nocturnal desaturation. Neither clinical and hemodynamic parameters nor the RDI was a predictor of nocturnal desaturation, except for mPAP measured during a right heart catheterization, which emerged as the only independent and significant predictor of average SpO2.
WITHDRAWN: Wear performance of Ti based alloy coatings on 316L SS fabricated by sputtering method – Relevance to Biomedical Implants
Authors: G.Godwin  , Priyan M.Shunmuga , Jaisingh S.Julyes
Published: April 2022

The present investigations are being carried out to encapsulate 316L SS with a Ti-based alloy coating fabricated by using PVD sputtering method. TiN, TiO2, and TiCoCr powders with prescribed process parameters are consecutively coated on 316L SS through PVD sputtering process with coating durations of 30, 60, and 90 minutes respectively. Further microhardness, surface roughness, microabrasion and adhesion strength tests were also carried out to determine the impact of the coating material and the influence of coating time on the coated surfaces. Comparing to uncoated substrate merely a 60% improvement in abrasion resistance was observed in TiCoCr coated samples. The XRD results confirmed the optimal formation of Ti alloy coatings with corresponding orientation over the SS substrates. Moreover, TiCoCr with a 90 minutes coating duration has much better surface characteristics than TiO2 and TiN. Thus it is preferable that the 90 min coating duration is optimal for coating in steel for bio implants.
An integrated skin cancer education program in renal transplant recipients and patients with glomerular disease
Authors: Thet Zaw , Lam Alfred King-yin , Ng Shu-Kay , Aung Soe Yu , Han Thin , Ranganathan Dwarakanathan , Newsham Stephanie , Borg Jennifer , Pepito Christine , Khoo Tien Kheng
Published: April 2022

Sun-protective strategies focusing on skin cancer awareness are needed in immunosuppressed patients at risk of skin cancers. The study aims to determine the effect of an integrated skin cancer education program on skin cancer awareness and sun-protective behaviours in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and patients with glomerular disease (GD) treated with long-term immunosuppressants. A pilot prospective cohort study was undertaken in Central Queensland, Australia was undertaken among adult RTRs and patients with GD, who completed survey questionaries on skin cancer and sun-health knowledge (SCSK), sun-protection practices and skin examination pre- and post-education. Fifty patients (25 RTRs, 25 patients with GD) participated in the study. All of them completed questionnaires at pre-, 3-month post-education and 92%(n = 46) at 6-month post-education. There was a significant increase in SCSK scores from baseline at 3-months (p < 0.001) and 6-months post-intervention (p < 0.01). Improved knowledge was retained for 6 months after education. There were significant changes in 2 of 8 photoprotective behaviours at 6 months. Interventional education enhanced regular self-skin examination rate (p < 0.001) as well as the frequency of full skin checks by general practitioners (p < 0.001). Overall, RTRs had better compliance with sun-protective methods and higher skin examination rates by themselves and/ or general practitioners before and after the intervention of education compared to patients with GD. To conclude, an integrated skin cancer education program improved knowledge of skin cancer and skin health as well as the frequency of self-skin examination and formal skin assessments. However, improvement in patient compliance did not extend to other sun-protective practices.
Performance of NamSor to estimate the country of origin and ethnicity of 90,000 researchers based on their first and last names
Authors: Sebo Paul
Published: April 2022

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the performance of NamSor in determining the country of origin and ethnicity of researchers.
Methods
We selected the 22 countries whose researchers authored at least 1000 medical publications in 2020 and whose percentage of migrants was < 2.5% in 2020. Using PyMed, a Python library that gives access to PubMed, we extracted all publications in 2021 whose first author was affiliated with a university or research institute located in the selected countries (N = 89,906 articles). We calculated the proportion of misclassifications (= errorCodedWithoutNA) and the proportion of non-classifications (= naCoded) for three variables available in NamSor: continent of origin (Asia/Africa/Europe), country of origin and ethnicity. We added two other variables: continent#2 ("Europe" replaced by "Europe/America/Oceania") and country#2 ("Spain" and "Portugal" replaced by "Latin American country"). We repeated the analyses by removing all results with accuracy < 50%.
Results
For the full sample and the subsample, errorCodedWithoutNA was, respectively, 17.0% and 13.4% for continent, 6.7% and 3.6% for continent#2, 28.3% and 20.3% for country, 20.7% and 12.2% for country#2, 21.2% and 15.7% for ethnicity. For its part, naCoded was 0% and 18.3% for all variables, except for ethnicity (0% and 10.9%).
Conclusions
NamSor is accurate in determining the continent of origin of individuals from their first and last names, especially when using the modified variable and restricting the analysis to names with inference accuracy ≥ 50%. The risk of misclassification is higher with country of origin or ethnicity, but decreases, as with continent of origin, when using the modified variable (country#2) and the subsample.
Zero Percent of Terminally Ill Patients with Non-Cancer Receive Palliative Care Service During Hospital Admission
Authors: Kangtanyagan Chutima , Vatcharavongvan Pasitpon
Published: April 2022

Background
Terminally ill patients with non-cancer conditions admitted to a hospital may miss palliative care (PC) services opportunities. This study aimed to examine the missed opportunities for PC services among these hospitalized patients.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using electronic medical records of patients with non-cancer conditions admitted to internal medicine wards, intensive care units, and cardiac intensive care units. The patients who met the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT) criteria were those with PC needs, and the patients who had advanced care plans or received PC consultation were those receiving PC service. We reported the proportions of PC needs and PC service and their associated factors with crude and adjusted odds ratios.
Results
Of 459 patients, 49.9% were female, and 92.6% were discharged alive. Their mean age was 63 years old, with an average of ten-day length of stay. Of the patients, 61.7% needed PC according to the SPICT’s criteria, and none received PC services. The patients with dementia/frailty, kidney disease, and heart disease had the highest missed opportunities (100%, 96.8%, and 91.3%, respectively). Age, the number of discharge medications, and length of stay were associated with PC needs, but some of these associations disappeared in subgroup analysis.
Conclusion
None of the terminally ill patients with non-cancer conditions in our study received PC services. The high proportions of patients with dementia/frailty, kidney disease, and heart disease missed such opportunities. A long length of stay and high numbers of discharge medications were associated with PC needs. Doctors and nurses can use these two factors as a trigger to assess PC needs among these patients.
Textese : To Minimise Cell Phone’s Memory
Authors: Shrawankar Urmila
Published: April 2022

SMS Lingo is a shortened language used for typing text messages in mobile phones. It is also known as Textese. SMS language is a parlance of English that sabotages letters and numbers to produce extreme brief words. Making the SMS files concise; helps in better utilization of storage space in mobile phones. In this paper, idea for optimized utilization of space for SMS files is proposed by using a compression technique. This technique is based on semantic dictionary on the SMS files. By default compression of SMS file is in the internal phone memory, saved in inbox, will help in optimizing the storage space required by normal SMS files. Making the SMS concise will help in holding maximum information in the 160 character space provided per short message supported by Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM). This in turn will reduce the cost and SMS traffic across the network.
Relationship between occurrence of acute stroke and job strain
Authors: Vahdati Samad Shams , Ala Alireza , Hosseinzadeh Naeimeh , Asenjan Maryam Rahimpour , Gorashian Gisou , Sarmadian Amirreza Jabbaripour
Published: April 2022

Background
Stroke is a type of circulation dysfunction in some areas of the brain that causes neurologic events. Stroke is one of the main causes of morbidity, mortality and disability around the world which has various risk. Psychosocial stress can be known as a risk factor for stroke.
Objectives
Due to the considerable prevalence of stroke in our country and the lack of studies related to stroke and occupational stress in our area, in this study we aimed to find out the relation between job strain and stroke, as well as the two types of strokes.
Methods
The present study was designed and conducted as an observational and analytical study. This study included patients who self-referred to the emergency department with neurologic defects from 1 January 2019 to 1 July 2019 and were admitted as stroke patients. Demographic data of patients, determined by interview and the type of stroke diagnosed by imaging, were recorded and collected by the researcher through a researcher-made checklist.
Results
In this study, 301 participants were enrolled. Patients' mean age was 66.93 ± 15.41 years. 49.2% of these patients were male and 50.8% were female. 1.7% of them had night shift jobs and 7% had high job. In our study housewives (46.8%), employees (10.6%), farmers (7.9%) and self-employments (7.3%) were suffering stoke more frequently. 91% had an ischemic stroke and 9% had hemorrhagic stroke.
Conclusions
Based on statistical analysis and mathematical data no significant relation was found between job types, job difficulties, night shifts, and stroke.
The Indian real estate regulations and urban homebuyers: impact assessment
Authors: Chawla Neelam , Kumar Basanta
Published: April 2022

The previously unregulated urban housing and real estate market scenario began to change by promulgating a new law, i.e., the Indian Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERDA, 2016/Act). Claims are that the Act has been saving homebuyers from exploitation by the promoters' evasive and aggressive approach and impacting the economy and society. The paper briefly examines relevant provisions of the Act and judicial pronouncements protecting urban homebuyers' interests; it analyzes in-depth their impact on them in particular and society by empirically studying 540 sample homebuyers' reactions. Besides, the study discusses the implications of regulating foreign direct investments in aiding current policy perceptions supporting housing vis-a-vis the economy. The results show that very often, builders exploit the homebuyers. Timely judiciary interventions have removed the initial bottleneck created by builders, positively impacting builders' and governments' safeguarding of homebuyers' interests. Even four years after the Act's implementation, its implementation remains uneven.
Hsa-circ-0064636 regulation of the target gene VDAC1/UBE4A by hsa-miR-326/hsa-miR-503-5 in osteosarcoma
Authors: Cheng Jianwen , Yan Guohua , Huang Hanji , Qin Yongnian , Li Kanglu , Zheng Mingjun , Mo Lichuan , Zheng Junjian , Jiang Rui , Huang Nanchang , Wei Renjie
Published: April 2022

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a subclass of non-coding RNAs that play a critical role in regulating gene expression in eukaryotic organisms. Recent studies have revealed the critical role of circRNAs in cancer progression. However, there are few studies on the function of hsa-circ-0064636 in osteosarcoma (OS).Methods: The differential expression of hsa-circ-0064636 in OS cell lines was detected by [1] quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were screened in OS mRNA and miRNA expression datasets. MiRNAs that interacted with hsa-circ-0064636 were predicted by RNAhybrid, TargetScan and miRanda, and were further detected using RNAhybrid, TargetScan and miRanda. MiRWalk, miRMap, and miRNAMap were used to perform target gene prediction on the intersected miRNAs to construct a circ-miRNA-mRNA interactor network. The target genes were then subjected to survival analysis using PROGgeneV2, and then a circ-miRNA-mRNA interaction subnetwork was formed, and the prognostic impact of target genes was revealed.[2] Results: The qRT-PCR experiments showed that hsa-circ-0064636 was significantly overexpressed in the OS cell lines. Hsa-mir-326(miR-326) and hsa-mir-503-5p(miR-503-5p) are targeting miRNAs of hsa-circ-0064636 in the target genes obtained from the miR-326 and miR-503-5p screens. UBE4A and VDAC1 have a significant effect on prognosis. UBE4A is a target gene of miR-326, while VDAC1 is a target gene of miR-503-5p.Conclusion: Hsa-circ-0064636 may be involved in OS development by inhibiting the expression of miR-326 and miR-503-5p, thus regulating that of VDAC1 and UBE4A.
Integrable hierarchies, Hurwitz numbers and a branch point field in critical topologically massive gravity
Authors: Mvondo-She Yannick
Published: April 2022

We discuss integrable aspects of the logarithmic contribution of the
partition function of cosmological critical topologically massive
gravity. On one hand, written in terms of Bell polynomials which
describe the statistics of set partitions, the partition function of the
logarithmic fields is a generating function of the potential Burgers
hierarchy. On the other hand, the polynomial variables are solutions of
the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation, and the partition function is a KP
\tauτ
function, making more precise the solitonic nature of the logarithmic
fields being counted. We show that the partition function is a
generating function of Hurwitz numbers, and derive its expression. The
fact that the partition function is the generating function of branched
coverings gives insight on the orbifold target space. We show that the
logarithmic field \psi^{new}_{\mu \nu}ψμνnew
can be regarded as a branch point field associated to the branch point
\mu l =1μl=1.
Administrative Offense Proceedings and Pre-Trial Dispute Resolution in the BRICS Countries
Authors: Vinokurov V. , Gavrilenko V. , Shenshin V.
Published: April 2022

This article offers a comparative analysis of the particularities of the implementation of proceedings in cases of administrative offenses and pre-trial dispute resolution in the BRICS member states. The article observes that in the BRICS countries, the issues of pre-trial dispute settlement are resolved using the same mechanisms: negotiation and conciliation procedures, including mediation. The implementation of these mechanisms is possible by the parties to the dispute themselves, with the participation of third parties such as proxies or legal representatives who may be interested in carrying out the procedures, and with the services of independent, professional mediators. The article draws attention to the fact that the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Russian Federation, the Republic of India, the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of South Africa belong to different legal families, which undoubtedly is a feature of the legal regulation of their administrative offense proceedings as well as of their pre-trial dispute resolution. The article finds that Roman law largely influenced all of the BRICS countries, with the exception of India, whose legal system was formed under the influence of English law, and that the versatility of legal regulation does not allow one to speak fully about the balance of administrative legislation in the studied areas. Furthermore, it is characteristic of all of the BRICS countries that administrative punishment cannot be aimed at humiliating the human dignity of a natural person, causing him or her physical suffering, nor can it be aimed at damaging the business reputation of a legal person. The similarity of the tasks of the administrative legislation of the BRICS countries is noted, which should include the protection of the subjective rights and interests of citizens, ensuring the rule of law, the protection of public order and public safety, and the prevention of administrative offenses. Through the discourse presented by the authors, the concept of an administrative offense is revealed; the acts regulating the proceedings in cases of administrative offenses are considered, as well as the tasks and principles established by national legislation in this direction. Furthermore, the similarities and differences in the legal regulation of proceedings in cases of administrative offenses and pre-trial settlement of disputes are revealed.
Justice in Tort Law of Russia and China
Authors: Dolinskaya V. , Letuta T.
Published: April 2022

The article describes the main issues of tort liability regulation in the context of the principle of justice and its implementation into the legislation and law enforcement practice of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The comparative method of the study revealed critical differences in the provisions of Russian and Chinese tort law. The analysis of the domestic and foreign scientists’ works and judicial practice in disputes on compensation for harm contributed to findings and results related to the forms of justice implementation in these countries. The authors argue the dominance of procedural form of justice implementation in the Russian legal system but distributive form in the Chinese legal system. Positive and negative aspects of both forms are discussed. The reform of Chinese civil law which completely changed legal regulation of tort liability and excluded many of the controversial provisions of the previous PRC law on liability for offenses required new theoretical studies aimed at evaluating new laws. Comparison of the new tort law of the People’s Republic of China and the tort law of the Russian Federation is especially acute in connection with the objective to integrate the BRICS member countries against the background of the increasing conflicts in international arena. Optimization of legal norms by choosing the most effective model for the principle of justice would improve the protection of victims’ rights. In particular, the authors conclude that it is necessary to integrate the Russian and Chinese approach for determining the compensation and defining clear criteria for resolving disputes. In addition, possibility of the tort liability parties to agree on the procedure, time frame and amount of compensation should be set out under the law.
An Identification of a Spatial Interaction Towards Rice Import in Selected ASEAN+3 Countries
Authors: Yusiana Ekalia , Hakim Dedi , Novianti Tanti , Syaukat Yusman
Published: April 2022

Rice turns out as significant commodity in order to meet people’s needs of food on a half of the world's population. Rice is the most consumed commodity in Asia and wold, especially countries that are members of the ASEAN+3. The need for rice that is a basic necessity must be met, thus, the supply must be maintained as well to meet the needs of staple food, and every country conducts a trade through import activities. This study aims at examining whether there is a spatial interaction of rice import in the ASEAN+3. The results of the Moran I Test show that there is a spatial interaction on rice import in the ASEAN+3 towards 11 selected countries. Trade groupings (agglomeration) were also identified in the trade area. Identification of trade groupings occurs in several countries regarding countries that are in the low-high quadrant such as Vietnam, Thailand, Republic of Korea and Indonesia.
Is There A Correlation Between Social Capital and Well-Being? A Case Study of Urban and Rural Communities in Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Tri , Hanani Nuhfil , Sujarwo Sujarwo , Toiba Hery
Published: April 2022

The third goal of sustainable development is the well-being of society. Government actions to achieve this goal is by increasing built capital (e.g., infrastructure and housing) in urban and rural areas. Other forms of capital that can improve well-being include strengthening community bonds in the community (social capital). This study aims to explore the level of social capital (bonding, bridging, and linking) in rural and urban communities and the correlation between social capital and well-being. The data used is the Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS5). The sample consists of 12,872 rural communities and 18,532 urban communities. T-test analysis was used to determine differences in levels of social capital, while a pairwise correlation was used to determine the correlation between social capital and well-being. The results showed that the majority of urban and rural communities had moderate levels of bonding and bridging, while linking is at a low level. In addition, there are significant differences in bonding, bridging, and linking social capital between urban and rural communities, in which rural communities have higher scores than urban communities. It was also found that there was a positive relationship between the bridging and bonding of urban and rural communities and well-being.
Abrir os Gomos do Tempo: Conversas Sobre Cinema em Moçambique
Authors: Pereira Ana Cristina , Cabecinhas Rosa
Published: April 2022

Este conjunto de conversas destina-se essencialmente a quem gosta de ouvir contar histórias. São conversas com um forte pendor cinematográfico, não só porque o mote que as atravessa é o cinema em Moçambique, mas sobretudo porque a forma como são reveladas as memórias que habitam esse espaço é também ela, muitas vezes, formulada através de imagens que têm movimento. Abrir os Gomos do Tempo: Conversas Sobre Cinema em Moçambique é também para aquelas pessoas que, como nós, ficam felizes ao ouvir de novo a frase, “um outro mundo é possível!” e tem, a nosso ver, a beleza e a força das palavras daqueles que acreditam em novas possibilidades de vida. O livro abre com um prefácio de Nataniel Ngomane e é constituído por um conjunto de conversas com personalidades chave da história do cinema moçambicano: Américo Soares, Faria de Almeida, Gabriel Mondlane, Jean-Luc Godard, João Ribeiro, José Cardoso, Licinio Azevedo, Lopes Barbosa, Luís Carlos Patraquim, Pedro Pimenta, Ruy Guerra e Sol de Carvalho. As entrevistas foram realizadas por Ana Cristina Pereira, Diana Manhiça, Lurdes Macedo, Maria do Carmo Piçarra, Rosa Cabecinhas, Sheila Khan e Sílvia Vieira. O livro remata com um discurso de José Luís Cabaço, proferido em 1980, altura em que era ministro da informação de Moçambique, acompanhado por uma introdução, feita pelo próprio, que corresponde à sua leitura atual desse discurso enquanto ministro. Este livro é dedicado à memória de Joaquim Lopes Barbosa (1945–2021) e simultaneamente é uma sentida homenagem a todos os cineastas que tiveram a coragem de enfrentar a censura do Estado. Este gesto modesto pretende dar ânimo a todas as pessoas que ainda a enfrentam, nas suas variadíssimas formas. Os ditadores morrem, os regimes passam e os filmes ficam.