bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potensi Franchise terhadap Investasi dan Peluang Usaha Bisnis
Authors: Salsabilah Sisca Aryananta
Published: January 2023

Di Indonesia bentuk sistem usaha bisnis franchise berkembang dengan pesat, Franchise banyak dipergunakan dalam usaha fast food, hotel, jasa penyewaan mobil, coffee shop, dll. Franchise dalam negeri dijadikan sebagai salah satu bentuk investasi untuk menunjang karir pengusaha dalam jangka cepat, serta menawarkan pengetahuan dan pengalaman dalammenentukan strategi bisnis yang optimal. Namun dalam berbisnis menggunakan sistem franchise ada beberapa aspek yang perlu diperhatikan, yaitu jenis modal bisnis perusahaan yang digunakan oleh franchisee, riset sejarah finansial perusahaan dengan rekam jejak perusahaan apakah jelas dan rapi, dan memperhatikan tingkat persaingan dengan mempertimbangkan apakah produk dari perusahaan tersebut mempunyai produk yang relevan terhadap masyarakat.
Risk factors for knee osteoarthritis after knee trauma: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies
Authors: Whittaker Jackie L. , Losciale Justin Matthew , Juhl Carsten Bogh , Truong Linda K , Culvenor Adam , Thorlund Jonas Bloch , Crossley Kay , van Middelkoop Marienke
Published: January 2023

Objective To identify and quantify potential risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA) following traumatic knee injury.Design Systematic review and meta-analyses that estimated the odds of OA for individual risk factors assessed in more than four studies using random-effects models. Remaining risk factors underwent semiquantitative synthesis. The modified GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach for prognostic factors guided the assessment.Data sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL searched from inception to 2009–2021.Eligibility Randomised controlled trials and cohort studies assessing risk factors for symptomatic or structural OA in persons with a traumatic knee injury, mean injury age ≤30 years and minimum 2-year follow-up.Results Across 66 included studies, 81 unique potential risk factors were identified. High risk of bias due to attrition or confounding was present in 64% and 49% of studies, respectively. Ten risk factors for structural OA underwent meta-analysis (sex, rehabilitation for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear, ACL reconstruction (ACLR), ACLR age, ACLR body mass index, ACLR graft source, ACLR graft augmentation, ACLR+cartilage injury, ACLR+partial meniscectomy, ACLR+total medial meniscectomy). Very-low certainty evidence suggests increased odds of structural OA related to ACLR+cartilage injury (OR=2.31; 95% CI 1.35 to 3.94), ACLR+partial meniscectomy (OR=1.87; 1.45 to 2.42) and ACLR+total medial meniscectomy (OR=3.14; 2.20 to 4.48). Semiquantitative syntheses identified moderate-certainty evidence that cruciate ligament, collateral ligament, meniscal, chondral, patellar/tibiofemoral dislocation, fracture and multistructure injuries increase the odds of symptomatic OA.Conclusion Moderate-certainty evidence suggests that various single and multistructure knee injuries (beyond ACL tears) increase the odds of symptomatic OA. Risk factor heterogeneity, high risk of bias, and inconsistency in risk factors and OA definition make identifying treatment targets for preventing post-traumatic knee OA challenging.
Waralaba Pilihan Indonesia Teh Poci, Mafia Gedang, Mixue dan SPBU Pertamina
Authors: Baihaqi Achmad Prabu Riza
Published: January 2023

Waralaba atau franchise adalah sebuah konsep di mana entitas independen memulai kerjasama timbal balik antara pemilik waralaba (sebagai penyelenggara sistem) dan penerima waralaba dengan imbalan biaya yang sesuai, resep untuk kegiatan bisnis tertentu, dan bagaimana waralaba harus dioperasikan (Grzelak, 2013). Menurut Abdul Ghani et al., (2022) waralaba merupakan sistem penjualan barang, jasa dan teknologi yang beroperasi berdasarkan kontrak tertulis yang ditandatangani antara dua perusahaan yang terpisah secara hukum, finansial dan fiscal, serta independen. Pemilik waralaba dan masing-masing penerima waralaba terikat dalam suatu sistem dimana pemberi memberikan hak kepada penerima dan pada saat yang sama memaksakan kewajiban serta menjalankan bisnis sesuai dengan konsep dan model bisnis pemilik waralaba.
The Cost of Science Exploring the Ethical Implications of ChatGPT
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: January 2023

The Cost of Science Exploring the Ethical Implications of ChatGPT
The Cost of Science Examining the Issue of Ethics in Science
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: January 2023

The Cost of Science Examining the Issue of Ethics in Science
Kemanfaatan Hukum Antropologi Hukum
Authors: Ichsan Muhammad Perwira
Published: January 2023

Antropologi adalah sebuah ilmu yang mempelajari makhluk manusia (anthropos). Secara etimologi, antropologi berasal dari kata anthropos yang berarti manusia dan logos yang berarti ilmu. Dalam antropologi, manusia dipandang sebagai sesuatu yang kompleks dari segi fisik, emosi, sosial, dan kebudayaannya. Antropologi melihat hukum hanya sebagai aspek dari kebudayaan, yaitu suatu aspek yang digunakan oleh kekuasaan masyarakat yang teratur dalam mengatur perilaku dari masyarakat, agar tidak terjadi penyimpangan dan penyimpangan yang telah terjadi terhadap norma-norma sosial dapat diperbaiki.
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: January 2023

Bridging The AI Divide Between Developed And Developing Nations
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: January 2023

The Digital and Sustainable Business Future
pendekatan
Authors: ARIVANO M. HAMDI
Published: January 2023

Menurut bahasa, Antropologi terdiri dari Bahasa latin yaitu Anthropos yang berarti manusia dan logos yang berarti perkataan atau bicara dan jika di gabungkan berarti berbicaraatau membahas tentang manusia. Antropologi juga bisa diartikan sebagai ilmu yangmempelajari tentang asal usul dari kebiasaan atau kebudayaan manusia serta mempelajarikarakter manusia tanpa adanya pandangan terhadap kelas sosial dan kasta
MASA DEPAN FILSAFAT HUKUM
Authors: LAIA EPAR
Published: January 2023

Filsafat Hukum merupakan instrumen dalam menggali ide untuk mencapai suatu keadilan. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari seringkali terjadi pelanggaran hukum baik itu di masyarakat maupun dalam pemerintahan. Masa depan filsafat hukum relevan untuk membangun kondisi hukum yang sebenarnya, sebab tugas dari filsafat hukum adalah menjelaskan nilai dasar hukum secara filosofis yang mampu memformulasikan cita-cita keadilan, ketertiban di dalam kehidupan yang relevan dengan pernyatan-pernyataan hukum yang berlaku, bahkan merubah secara radikal dengan tekanan hasrat manusia melalui paradigma hukum baru guna memenuhi perkembangan hukum pada suatu masa dan tempat tertentu. Ilmu hukum tidak identik dengan hukum, karena tidak setiap penelitian dan pengembangan ilmu hukum dapat berwujud menjadi hukum. Untuk dapat menjadi hukum (formal) maka hasil penelitian dan pengembangan ilmu hukum harus melalui pembentukan hukum (rechtvoerming). Kedudukan filsafat hukum masih menjadi perdebatan hingga sat ini. Kedudukan filsafat hukum dalam struktur atau sistem hukum bisa menjadi bagian hukum publik atau hukum privat.
manfaat antropologi hukum dari kacamata penstudi hukum
Authors: BAHRI ADIRA PRIMATALIA
Published: January 2023

Untuk Memahami permasalahan dilingkup Antropologi hukum mempunyai beberapa manfaat untuk menyelesaikan perkara-perkara hukum yang ada dimasyarakat, yakni secara Teoritis dapat mengetahui pengertian-pengertian hukum yang berlaku dalam masyarakat sederhana dan modern. Sebagai ilmu sosial yang relatif baru.
The ‘AI Divide’ between the Global North and the Global South: Examining Costs and Ethics in Science
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: January 2023

The ‘AI Divide’ between the Global North and the Global South: Examining Costs and Ethics in Science
Toserba Peluang Bisnis yang Tahan Resesi 2023
Authors: Suryono Athallah Anya
Published: January 2023

Resesi 2023 tidak bisa dihindari maka dari itu kita harus pintar pintar mencari cara untuk menghadapi resesi 2023. maka dari itu toserba ini bisa menjadi cara kita atau menjadi peluang berbisnis untuk menghadapi resesi 2023
ANTROPOLOGI HUKUM MENEMUKAN KETIDAKTERATURAN HUKUM
Authors: Putra Pebrizal
Published: January 2023

Ketidakteraturan dalam pengakuan dan perlindungan hukum MHA terjadikarena banyak sebab, antara lain ragam istilah dan banyaknya dimensi serta lembagayang menangani MHA itu sendiri. Kondisi tersebut berimplikasi terhadap bagaimanaMHA diperlakukan dalamoperasionalnya. Di samping itu, empat syarat yang tersebutdalam Pasal 18B ayat (2) UUD 1945, walau sudah dijelaskan dengan Putusan MK,juga menampakkan kontradiksi masing-masing syarat tersebut.
Perbedaan Filsafat Hukum dan Sejarah Hukum
Authors: arif Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Filsafat hukum adalah ilmu tentang hukum yang membahas tentang kebijaksanaan dalam menentukan sebab dari suatu peristiwa hukum. Objek dari filsafat hukum adalah hukum itu sendiri. Sedangkan sejarah hukum adalah kejadian masa lampau yang dapat mempengaruhi kepada masa sekarang dan masa yang akan datang. Sehingga sejarah hukum dapat menghubungkan antara hukum masa lampau dengan hukum masa sekarang dan lanjutan masa yang akan datang sesuai dengan waktu kejadian hukum terjadi. Perbedaan antara filsafat hukum dan sejarah hukum dapat diketahui dari pembahasan yang dilakukan filsafat merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan sedangkan sejarah merupakan hasil dari kegiatan yang dilakukan
Pengaruh Resesi Global 2023 terhadap Keberlangsungan Bisnis dan Ketersediaan Lapangan Pekerjaan pada Wirausaha di Indonesia
Authors: Christianto Billiam Steven
Published: January 2023

Tidak lama ini, Dunia perekonomian diguncangkan oleh kabar bahwa prediksi ekonomi untuk tahun 2023 akan mengalami resesi yang skalnya lebih besar dibandingkan resesi yang terjadi pada saat pandemic Covid-19. Berita yang mengejutkan ini membuat masyarakat di Indonesia menjadi khawatir terhadap prakiraan tersebut melihat aktivitas ekonomi baru saja pulih pada Tahun 2022 dengan menurunnya kasus covid-19 di Dunia yang mengembalikan perputaran roda ekonomi on track 1 tahun terakhir. Definisi resesi (Investopedia, 2022) that two consecutive quarters of decline in gross domestic product (GDP) constitute a recession. Resesi menurut Investopedia akan menghasilkan penurunan drastic terhadap economic output, consumer demand, and employment.
Waralaba Indonesia Pilihan bagi Wirausahawan Pemula
Authors: Suryono Athallah Anya
Published: January 2023

Berbisnis waralaba merupakan salah satu bisnis yang menguntungkan dan mudah, namun kita harus pandai dalam memilih waralaba yang dapat menghasilkan keuntungan bukan malah kerugian
Analisis Waralaba bagi Entrepreneur
Authors: Kuncoro Ibnu Rubianto Santriawan
Published: January 2023

Salah satu keuntungan bisnis franchising ini adalah penerima waralaba tidak perlulagi bersusah payah mengembangkan usahanya dengan membangun citra yang baik danterkenal. Penerima waralaba cukup menumpang pada pamor yang sudah terkenal daripemilik waralaba (franchisor), sehingga demikian penerima waralaba (franchisee) yangumumnya adalah pengusaha kecil akan menikmati kesukseskan dan keberuntungan dariperusahaan berskala besar tanpa harus melaksanakan sendiri suatu riset danpengembangan, pemasaran dan promosi yang biasanya memerlukan biaya yang sangatbesar yang tidak mungkin dipikul oleh peng
On 'Machine Consciousness'
Authors: Wallace Rodrick
Published: January 2023

Consciousness in higher animals, by virtue of its 100 millisecond time constant, is a necessarily greatly simplified and stripped-down version of more complex multiple tunable workspace cognition/regulation dyads like wound healing, immune function, gene expression, institutional function and the like. These more complex dynamic entities emerged through evolutionary exaptation of the inevitable information crosstalk between coresident cognitive modules. In consequence of the debrided nature of consciousness, it should not be difficult to construct a fast, single workspace `conscious machine' that mimics the human tunable neuronal global workspace system. Tied to a 'backbrain' AI that has learned hyperrapid stereotypic pattern responses to some particular set of likely challenges, the result is an elementary 'emotional' conscious machine. A clever designer, however, may want to use available high-speed electronics to mimic the more capable multiple-workspace/workforce systems inherently less susceptible to inattentional blindness and related failings of overfocus and thrashing. Contrary to current social constructions, however, the ultimate utility of such machines remains obscure. Here, we explore these matters in formal detail, restricting argument to the asymptotic limit theorems of information and control theories.
Same same but different? - How much of a difference does it make how we operationalize attitudes towards political violence in radicalization studies?
Authors: Reiter Julia , Knorr Anna , Lengersdorff Lukas , Pfundmair Michaela
Published: January 2023

Efforts to develop quantitative measures of support for political violence and related concepts have been increasing in the past. These measures are often treated as roughly interchangeable although, to date, it is unclear whether they are indeed comparable. Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to investigate whether and to which extent measures of political violence can be used interchangeably. We conducted an online survey and collected participants’ responses on two direct measures of attitudes towards political violence, two indirect measures, and one behavioural measure. Results revealed that direct measures in the form of vignette approaches were able to differentiate between different kinds of political violence, whereas broader direct measures were fuzzier in their outcomes. We further found that indirect and behavioural measures for political violence were difficult to operationalise. The endorsement experiment as an indirect measure appeared most promising in this regard, although it did not correspond perfectly to the results of the direct measures. Disassembling measurements of political violence, we may contribute to improve quantitative research on radicalism, radicalization, and extremism.
Uncovering hierarchical structure through statistical dependency
Authors: Schmid Samuel , Saddy Doug , Franck Julie
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we explore the extraction of recursive nested structure in the processing of self-similar binary sequences generated by two Lindenmayer grammars: the Fibonacci grammar and the Skip grammar. In each of these grammars only sequential order information marks the hierarchical structure. Although closely related, these grammars differ from a formal point of view: the Fibonacci grammar is perfectly scale-free and presents an isomorphism between its surface and derivational properties while the Skip grammar, although also self-similar, does not present this isomorphism. Our goal was to explore the influence of these formal differences on the extraction of hierarchical structure by the participants. To this end, we implemented these grammars in a serial reaction time task. The results show that in both the Fibonacci grammar and the Skip grammar, participants elaborated a hierarchical structure from the signal. This suggests the involvement of at least partially similar mechanisms during processing. However, some processing differences remained that cannot be explained by the hypotheses proposed so far regarding the processing of strings generated by L-systems. We hypothesize that these effects would be due to the self-similarity of the signal which would act as a reinforcement of the structure elaborated by the participants.
Study on Limnology of Thosne River Located in Lalitpur District, Nepal
Authors: Syangtan Bikram , Yadav Choudhari Nagendra Roy , Singh Arbind Kumar , Shrestha Kanti
Published: January 2023

Study on limnology of Thosne River was done to identify the diversity of aquatic insect and fish, and also to determine the water quality parameters for assessing suitability for fish farming. Some water quality parameters were recorded on the spot and others were analyzed in the laboratory. Altogether 14 different limnological parameters (3 physical, 8 chemical, 2 biological and 1 geographical) of Thosne river were studied in winter and spring seasons. During study period, the water temperature at the 1st (downstream) and the 5th (upstream) sampling stations ranged from: 15.75±2.81°C and 12.29±2.61°C: the pH 7.59±0.22 and 6.37±0.23; conductivity 194±10.7 μS/cm and 130±12 μS/cm; turbidity 5.91±2.74 NTU and 2.75±1.89 NTU, dissolved oxygen 9.62±0.87 mg/L and 10.58±0.7 mg/L; hardness 86.70±10.86 mg/L and 60.54±8.9 mg/L; chloride 14.25±25 mg/L and 7.79±1.44 mg/L; and flow rate 22.47±3.5 L/Sec and 13.5±2.4 L/Sec respectively. The ammonia nitrogen at the 1st (downstream), 3rd (midstream) and 5th (upstream) sampling stations ranged from 0.19±0.07; mg/L, 0.031±0.0056 mg/L and 0.013±0.003 mg/L whereas nitrate nitrogen ranged from 2.20±0.84 mg/L, 0.50±0.10 mg/L and 0.17±0.060 mg/L respectively. All the parameters were positively correlated with each other except dissolved oxygen and altitude. Three native fish species and aquatic insects from eight different families were identified. All the water quality parameters were within the recommended limit for rainbow trout fish farming up to midstream.
Factors Affecting Adoption of Home Garden Farming among Disadvantaged Group (DAG) of Jhapa District
Authors: Prasai Benu Prasad , Devkota Durga , Pant Krishna Kumar , Timilsina Ram Hari
Published: January 2023

Home garden provides fruits and vegetables to the household with direct access to important nutrients that may not be readily available or within their economic reach. Therefore, home gardening would be a good means to improve household food security. The study was conducted in the Dharampur, Dangibari and Dhaijan area of Jhapa to assess the factors affecting adoption of home garden farming among disadvantaged group of people. Altogether 120 respondents (40 respondents from each places mentioned above) were randomly chosen for study. The study showed that the home garden contribution on annual household income was 19.23% and livestock component was identified as most profitable component as it contributes 50.92% of home garden incomes followed by vegetable component (25.02%). It was found that the mean annual income from home garden was NRs 37697.24 in practitioner household and was significant (P=0.05). The study revealed that age of household head, years of schooling were negatively related to home garden adoption, whereas trainings, exposure, number of species were positively related to home gardens adoption. In regard to the problems related with production, respondents ranked unavailability of quality seedling or sapling (64.2%) as major problem followed by limited cultivable land (57.5%). Home garden was sustainable approach as it relies on low external input use system and better institutional linkage, socio economic empowerment of women and disadvantaged groups made it further sustainable. This necessitates diversifying home garden approach so as to cover social and economic dimension of household resources for sustainable development and to support in livelihood system.
Matrimonial Practices among Muslims of Pokhara
Authors: Ojha Niranjan
Published: January 2023

Study of religious minorities keeps greater importance in a country like Nepal, where Hindus constitute the majority of the population. Marriage is a normal societal phenomenon and common in Nepali society. Muslims marriage is curious and not common to the majority religious group of Nepal. Marriage is a contract between bride and groom for the purposes of legal intercourse, child propagation, and the social contract between husband and wife. Muslims perform their marital rituals according to Sariat. The marriage of Muslims is directed by the faith itself, according to the Holy Quran. Muslim marriage has long been curious to non-Muslims because of its uniqueness. As a result, an attempt has been made to address this issue. This article is based on qualitative research and aims to outline the critical measures to be taken throughout marriage. To generalize the subject, an observation approach, in[1]depth interviews and library research are being used. As responders for the goal of gathering knowledge, Muslim scholars, masjid Committee Members, Moulana and elderly people from Miya Patan of Pokhara who have witnessed such rites were chosen. Because they desired anonymity, the responders are referred to as Res. 1. , Res.2., Res.3, Res.4 and so on. This research looks on Muslim marriage, a unique and traditional marital practice in Nepal. It makes an attempt to address the general situation of Muslim marital practice in Miya Patan of Pokhara. In Nepal, particularly in Pokhara, people have forgotten the value of marriage in the name of modernization. Muslims of Pokhara have protected the society's social standards and cultural values of marriage which should be learn from them.
History of Nepalese Tourism Industry
Authors: Bhandari Arjun Bahadur
Published: January 2023

Tourism is not a new phenomenon in Nepal. People had been travelling by different means since ancient times when the modern concept of tourism was not introduced. Due to the Rana autocracy, Nepal was closed to the international visitor. After the restoration of democracy in 1950 Nepal government has recognized tourism as a key vehicle of development. Many developing countries are incorporating tourism into their industrial value and government of Nepal also has recognized tourism is as a high-paying industry and a key source of revenue which was priorities in tourism policy. Nepal’s Tourism Policy-2009 focuses on enhancing quality, accumulating foreign reserves, and creating job opportunities to help Nepalese people improve their living conditions and protecting environment for its sustainability. Nepali tourism saw ups and downs between1999 to 2021; including an Indian plane hijacking, a Royal massacre, a decade-long Maoist insurgency, an international economic crisis, the 2015 earthquake, and the COVID-19 epidemic. Since its inception, the Nepali tourist sector has struggled. Despite the government’s priority, the private sector has established itself as a high-paying enterprise. This article is based on qualitative research and aims to address historical development of tourism in Nepal. Descriptive and analytical methods were used in this research to investigate the history of Nepali tourism industry. In-depth interviews and library research are being used to gather data about the subject. It is limited to historical study on the subject. Finding of the research can be generalized to study the entire situation of tourism in Nepal.
Public perception on Law of Sedition in the light of Freedom of Expression guaranteed by the Constitution of India – An Empirical Analysis
Authors: M Shobha Rani. , Manigandaprabhu P.
Published: January 2023

More than a century in India, the controversial Law of Sedition Sec. 124A of IPC has been debated vociferously by a gamut of people like Legislators, Law enforcement officers, Activists, Sections of media, Political parties and Advocacy organizations. These debates have been happening between two set of people, who asks for abrogation of this provision of sedition law and people who supports in retention of this contentious provision of Law. Simultaneously, along with these raging debates, courts also have pronounced a mixture of judgments that validated the constitutional integrity, amending the scope of application of section 124 A of IPC. In a thriving democracy like India, it becomes imperative to understand the will of people in choosing between right of expression guaranteed by our constitution and safety of our nation.

In this paper, researchers have attempted to gauge the public opinion towards the Law on Sedition through a survey using a structured questionnaire, as a tool to collect responses. It’s a known fact for everyone that how much significant is to know the will of people in a large functioning democratic country like India. In most of the available literature on this subject of Sedition Law Sec. 124A of IPC, it’s always researcher who forms or holds one opinion then strives to find supporting evidence to strengthen their opinion. Therefore, a research gap exists, that’s to find the will of people through a systematic response system. So, one of the large questions before the researchers is to find out the perception of people in choosing between unrestricted rights of speech or protecting integrity and security of nation. Sedition laws are certainly important to preserve peace and security of nation, however at the same time application of this sec.124A IPC has been extremely questioned, because of misuse by successive governments irrespective of the parties that governed it.

In the main article the authors try to interpret the responses collected from different groups of people on Sedition Law and also will analyse the live FIR executed on Law of Sedition.
Port Site Hernia After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Retrospective Clinical Experience
Authors: BÜYÜKER Fatih , ACAR Mehmet , ÖZSOY Mehmet Sait , SERMET Medeni , BAYSAL Hakan
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard in patients scheduled for cholecystectomy. Complications related to laparoscopy may occur during or after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study is aimed to examine the incidence of port-site hernia and its predisposing factors.

Method: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy operations performed in the general surgery clinic of our hospital between January 2016 and March 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. The pneumoperitoneum was created by entering the abdomen with a mini-incision from the umbilicus using the Hasson technique. All cholecystectomies were performed using the 4-port technique. The umbilical trocar fascia was closed in all patients. Demographic data were evaluated retrospectively.

Result: The incidence of port-site hernia was determined as 0.5%. The umbilical hernia was detected in 15 patients: 11 male and four female. The mean age was 55.4 years. The mean hernia detection time was 14.3 months. The mean body mass index [BMI] was found to be 30.11. Four patients had a chronic disease. Fourteen of the patients underwent surgery. One of the patients was operated on a mini-incision urgently due to the development of strangulation. Recurrence was detected in three patients. No mortality was observed.

Conclusion: Obesity, age, and female gender are considered important risk factors. In our series, fascial closure was performed instead of the umbilical port in all cases, but most of the port site hernias originate from the umbilicus port.
Educational Gradient in Unintended First Births in Korea
Authors: Kim Keuntae
Published: January 2023

A number of studies have used samples from Western societies to assess educational differences in the likelihood of unintended pregnancies and births, but the issue is vastly understudied in Korea. To fill the gap in the literature, this paper draws data from the two most recent rounds of the National Survey on Fertility, Family Health, and Welfare ( N = 20,669), and adopted a competing risks framework to estimate the hazards of an intended first birth and unintended first birth relative to no birth. Results from discrete-time event history analyses indicate that women’s educational attainment significantly reduces the odds of unintended first childbirth, even after accounting for various sociodemographic factors. Women with two- and four-year college degrees were 47.5% and 63.9% less likely to experience unintended childbearing compared with those without a high school degree. Women’s higher educational attainment is also negatively associated with the odds of intended childbearing relative to no birth. Hence, the present study suggests that there is a strong negative association between unintended childbearing and educational attainment among Korean women. These results are in accordance with Western patterns, and do not support an inverted correlation reported in Japan. Interaction between gender role ideology and educational attainment also indicated that women’s higher education tends to reduce the probability of experiencing unintended childbirth except when women have a very strong beliefs in gender equity. A better understanding on the determinants of unintended childbearing may be useful for identifying vulnerable segments of the population and preventing the intergenerational transmission of social disadvantages through fertility behaviors.
College Family Coping and Disruptions During COVID-19: A Consideration of the ABC-X Model of Family Stress
Authors: Dworkin Jodi , Cai Qiyue , LeBouef Samantha , Hruska Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

For many families, COVID-19 has disrupted students’ higher education experience. To better understand how COVID-19 has not just impacted students but family systems, in the current study, the ABC-X model of family stress was applied to college families. The COVID-19 pandemic created stressors for college families (A), which impacted families depending on the resources available to them (B). How the families understand and perceive these stressors has impacted students’ college experience (C). For college students and their families, an outcome of working to respond to these stressors could be delaying graduation, or changing academic plans (X). During October and November 2020, 3,932 parents of college students across the United States, representing more than 75 institutions, completed a 15-minute online survey. Findings revealed that families and students were differentially impacted by COVID-19, in the family stressors they experienced, and also in their academic stressors. What is particularly important in these data is that families matter—when families were supported, students did better and when parents reported a greater negative impact of COVID-19 they also reported students were less likely to maintain their graduation plans and more likely to change their academic plans. Incorporating a family lens into future research on college students is critical for advancing the field and supporting student success.
O campo das “língua(gens)” na BNCC: uma reflexão sobre o ensino de português e inglês
Authors: Souza Shelton Lima de , Pessoa Valda Inês Fontenele
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho é o resultado de uma proposta de análise desenvolvida no componente curricular Texto e Ensino, um dos eixos disciplinares pertencentes à formação de quem cursa o PROFLETRAS/UFAC, em que parte das discussões tecidas entre professores e pós-graduandos se centrou em uma análise interpretativa das menções sobre o campo “Língua(gens)” na Base Comum Curricular/BNCC. Objetivou-se, para tanto, interpretar como as “Língua(gens)”, no que se refere aos ensinos de língua portuguesa e de língua inglesa na Educação Infantil e nos Ensinos Fundamental e Médio, são abordadas no referido documento, cujas menções fazem relação com o ensino de português e de inglês. A reflexão se alinhou à análise de referências bibliográficas e, por conseguinte, se constituiu em um estudo interpretativo-exploratório, tendo em vista a leitura de textos como Brasil (2018), além de Frasseto (2019), Szundy (2019), Gerhardt; Amorim (2019) e Pacheco; Silva (2019). Para a produção de um olhar crítico sobre a BNCC, além dos trabalhos mencionados, recorreu-se à proposta de educação dialógica de Freire (2011), à discussão sobre interculturalidade crítica desenvolvida por Walsh (2010) e à construção da relação entre as áreas Linguística e Educação, mais precisamente o entrelaçamento entre práticas de leitura e escrita em contextos educacionais, discutidos por Faraco; Tezza (2016), Faraco (2018) e Rocha; Souza (2020).  Nas considerações finais, concluiu-se, de maneira geral, que a BNCC propõe um ensino de português e inglês voltado para um conhecimento individual do sujeito, para obtenção, sobretudo, de sucesso profissional, produzindo um efeito meritocrático sobre a formação de estudantes.
Analysis of the main information threats and impacts in modern microcontroller systems (analytical review)
Authors: Malinovsky V.I. , Kupershtein L.M. , Kaplun V.A.
Published: January 2023

The article presents and provides materials for the analysis of the main distributed information. Influences and information threats in microcontroller systems that work as part of electronic systems of modern electronic devices and automation. The main widespread information threats and the ways of intervention of informational influences are determined. An assessment of their impact and short-term ways of minimizing them are provided. The main basic types of widespread cyberthreats and channels directly affect the stability and safety of the microprograms of the MK itself and, as a result, the operation of the electronic devices in which this MK is included. The channels of information threats for microcontrollers are their weak points, which need to be studied in order to further eliminate and minimize them. This made it possible to assess the main vulnerabilities in the MK architecture and, in the future, to plan an action plan to minimize and neutralize the main threats and information influences in the MK for the stable and safe functioning of electronic systems based on microcontrollers.
Signal processing in facet systems of technical vision
Authors: Antonenko V.A. , Borovytsky V.M.
Published: January 2023

The article presents an overview of bio-similar motion sensors facet systems of technical vision – the Reichard correlation detector, the Horridge and Nguyen model, and it proposed the universal motion detection sensor. This sensor contains a microcontroller that quickly calculates the correlation function and its maximum value to find the direction and speed of movement in the field of view. The principles of their operation, advantages, disadvantages, and possibilities of application are considered.
Review of olap-modeling application in the economic industry of Ukraine
Authors: Yatsko O.M. , Vatamanitsa E.V. , Gorsky M.P.
Published: January 2023

The analysis of the possibility of using OLAP-modeling that support the activities of financial institutions and support the functioning of business processes, the adoption of effective solutions at all levels of organization management (production, marketing, and personnel decisions, decisions affecting prices, discounts), which in the final the result will lead that the success of the entire organization as a whole, can be implemented through the use of OLAP technologies and OLAP systems. The results of the study can be tested through the implementation of relevant projects driven by challenges and trends in the financial industry, and market and regulatory changes.
Implementation of a convolutional neural network using Tensorflow machine learning platform
Authors: Tomka Yu.Ya. , Talakh M.V. , Dvorzhak V.V. , Ushenko O.G.
Published: January 2023

The generalized algorithm of a typical convolutional neural network realization by means of TensorFlow machine learning library is considered. The peculiarities of the coding implementation of the convolutional neural network in the image recognition problem are analyzed with the example of the MNIST datаset.
The influence of the environment on the road transportation market of Ukraine
Authors: Rozhko Nataliya , Lyashuk Oleg , Plekan Uliana , Tson Oleg , Gevko Bogdan , Navrotska Tetiana , Antoniuk Oleg
Published: January 2023

One of the most promising markets, which is protected from cyclical changes that occur in the economy and shows growth in the conditions of military operations, is the market of road transport, which is developing rapidly, which includes the goods of basic necessity. Maintaining competitiveness and strengthening the advantages of motor transport enterprises of this industry is largely determined by the ability to optimize all processes of value creation that continuously circulate in their supply chains - from the supply of raw materials to the service of the end user. The success of these tasks largely depends on the correct configuration of the logistics system of the enterprise itself, as well as on the synchronization of its work with other, no less important areas - the study of the market conditions of road transportation, customer and producer service. This largely explains the relevance of the study of the road transport market situation, the use of the network logistics system in the road transport market, as one of the progressive scientific and applied directions of flow process management. The road transport market of Ukraine is increasingly becoming the subject of research and development as a form of optimization, automation, integration and management of material and information flows circulating within business units. The paper proposes a methodology for determining the state of the road transport market of Ukraine and the efficiency of delivery in the modern conditions of the functioning of transport systems. The methodology of the influence of micro and macro factors of the market environment is given. This made it possible to determine the main factors of permanent and indirect effect on the situation of the road transportation market of Ukraine.
Improving the methodology of operational planning of urban cargo transportation
Authors: Ohnevyi Vitalii , Smyrnov Yevhenii , Borysiuk Dmytro
Published: January 2023

In the theory and practice of road haulage there are many different types of transport systems, which differ significantly from each other. Urban freight transport is usually performed by one or more vehicles on pendulum or ring routes, i.e., are a small transport system. In such transport systems there is an uneven operation of vehicles, which is the value of the deviation of production in tons and tonne-kilometers, which occurs daily depending on the influence of many factors. The most significant factors that cause uneven operation of vehicles are the inconsistency of the average technical speed of cars and their downtime under load-unloading.Uneven operation of cars significantly affects their implementation of the transportation plan, and thus leads to a decrease in productivity and profits of the trucking company. At the same time, a review of previously performed scientific papers showed that the issues of taking into account the unevenness of cars in operational planning were not given enough attention.The article proposes to consider the average technical speed and downtime under load-unloading not as determined, but as random variables, the distribution of which is consistent with the normal law. Accordingly, a mathematical apparatus is proposed, which allows to model the operation of a small transport system taking into account the uneven operation of vehicles. Taking into account the probabilistic nature of these values allows to increase the accuracy of modeling the operation of a small transport system and the possible occurrence of queues for loading or unloading in cargo terminals. Based on the use of this mathematical model, the paper improves the methodology of operational planning of urban freight. The use of the proposed technique will reduce downtime of cars and increase the efficiency of the transport company.
Increasing the repairability of vehicles with rational quantity of tools
Authors: Bilichenko Viktor , Polyanskyi Oleksandr , Dubinin Yevhen , Molodan Andrii
Published: January 2023

The conducted systematic analysis of maintainability indicators allows establishing their connection with other reliability properties and classifying these indicators according to technical and economic criteria. On this basis, the technological component of maintenance and repair, which ensures the provision of spare parts, tools and means of technical condition control, was selected and investigated. Set of indicators that allow to evaluate and standardize the maintainability of means of transport most fully and in accordance with modern requirements is proposed.The dependence was obtained for determining the required number of tools in a set of spare parts, tools and accessories (STA), which takes into account the reliable characteristics of the machine and the characteristics of the process of restoring its operability under real operating conditions.The approach to calculations of rational sets of tool equipment for vehicle machinery is proposed on the example of the chassis of the domestic wheeled tractor KhTZ-17221, the corresponding calculations are performed. The conducted analysis shows that with the existing service system and the level of reliability of the KhTZ-17221 tractors in real operation conditions to ensure the readiness factor within 0.85-0.95, the presence of tools in the equipment kit has a significant impact.The analysis of the obtained dependence shows that in order to quickly eliminate the consequences of the failures of the KhTZ-17221 tractors, it is necessary to have a complete set of tools in the set of STA, provided for in the operating instructions. Otherwise, the operative time for eliminating failures increases, which leads to unjustified downtime of equipment and increased costs for consumers, especially during periods of agricultural work. When increasing the number of tools in the kit of STA to the level regulated by the factory documentation, while maintaining all other parameters, it is possible to increase the readiness factor in real operation from 0.84 to 0.92. That is, the presence of tools significantly increases the efficiency of vehicles using in real operation conditions.The obtained results can be used to improve maintainability indicators
EPIDEMIC HIV/AIDS DI AFRIKA SELATAN DALAM KAJIAN HUMAN SECURITY
Authors: Purwanto Adi Joko
Published: January 2023

HIV/AIDS epidemic today is not only a health issue but also in many aspects of human life. Its spread and impact that felt by all levels of community cause the importance of consequences for human security. The broad scale of the epidemic leads the United Nations Security Council to do historical effort by adopting 1308 resolution that not only stated health issue in the first time, but also specifically linked the spread of HIV/AIDS to nurture peace and global security. In the first part of the paper, it discusses about what is human security because the concept is a basic of the paper. Further, it discusses how HIV/AIDS can be considered as human security. At the end, it concluded with the recommendation especially for policy makers and practical workers.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS, health, human security, South Afrika

Abstrak

Epidemi HIV/AIDS saat ini tidak hanya menjadi masalah kesehatan tetapi juga dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia. Penyebaran dan dampaknya yang dirasakan oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat menyebabkan pentingnya konsekuensi bagi keamanan manusia. Skala epidemi yang luas membuat Dewan Keamanan PBB melakukan upaya historis dengan mengadopsi resolusi 1308 yang tidak hanya pertama kali menyatakan masalah kesehatan, tetapi juga secara khusus menghubungkan penyebaran HIV/AIDS untuk memelihara perdamaian dan keamanan global. Pada bagian pertama paper ini membahas tentang apa itu human security karena konsep tersebut merupakan dasar dari paper ini. Selanjutnya dibahas bagaimana HIV/AIDS dapat dianggap sebagai keamanan manusia. Pada akhirnya diakhiri dengan rekomendasi khususnya bagi pembuat kebijakan dan pekerja praktis.

Kata Kunci: HIV/AIDS, health, human security,Afrika Selatan
STRATEGI PENANGANAN KEAMANAN MARITIM INDONESIA ; STUDI KASUS PENANGANAN ILLEGAL, UNREGULATED, AND UNREPORTED FISHING DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2014-2019
Authors: Martin Ali , Santya Diajeng Sariah
Published: January 2023

Letak geografis Indonesia sangat strategis karena berada pada titik silang antara Samudera Hindia dan Pasifik. Selain itu posisi silang ini memberikan sebuah jalur strategis bagi pelayaran dunia dimana setiap pengiriman dari wilayah barat menuju timur dan sebaliknya akan melewati wilayah laut Indonesia. Hal ini dapat menjadi sebuah peluang ataupun tantangan. Jika tidak dikelola dengan baik akan mengakibatkan ancaman keamanan maritim semakin meningkat, seperti kasus-kasus IUU fishing, penyelundupan, dan perompakan. Lokasi rawan terjadinya IUU Fishing di Indonesia antara lain di wilayah Laut Natuna Utara,di perairan Maluku juga. Ancaman IUU Fishing tidak hanya mengarah pada fungsi pertahanan saja, akan tetapi menjadi ancaman terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat. IUU Fishing mengancam industri perikanan yang menjadi sumber pekerjaan dan stok makanan dalam sektor perikanan. Oleh karena itu, Indonesia mengaplikasikan strategi maritim berupa kebijakan penenggelaman kapal dan meningkatkan fungsi pengawasan sebagai kontrol di wilayah maritim. Dan juga peran NGO dan juga Civil Society saling bersinergi untuk menanggulangi permasalahan IUU Fishing ini.

Kata Kunci: Keamanan maritim, IUU Fishing, NGO dan Civil Society

ABSTRACT

Indonesia's geographical location is very strategic because it is at the cross point between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In addition, this cross position provides a strategic path for world shipping where every shipment from the west to the east and vice versa will pass through the Indonesian sea area. It can be an opportunity or a challenge. If not properly managed, threats to marine security will increase, such as IUU fishing, contraband and piracy. Locations suitable for IUU fishing in Indonesia, among others, in the Natuna Sea area of the North, in the waters of Maluku as well. The threat of IUU fishing does not just lead to defence functions, but becomes a threat to the well-being of the community. IUU fishing threatens the fishing industry as a source of employment and food resources in the fishing industry. Therefore, Indonesia is implementing maritime strategies in the form of a wreckage policy and enhancing the surveillance function as a control in the maritime area. So too is the role of NGOs and civil society in overcoming the problem of IUU fishing.

Keywords: Maritime Security, IUU Fishing, NGOs and Civil Society.
The association between hormonal variation, antioxidant status and oxidative stress in Iraqi women with endometriosis
Authors: Naji Tamara S. , Al- Rubae’I Salwa H. N. , Turki Kisma M.
Published: January 2023

Background: In the last years, Endometriosis affects up to 10 percent of reproductive aged Iraqi women. Little is known about the etiology of endometriosis in Iraqi women.Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the hormonal changes, antioxidant status, Coenzyme Q10 and oxidative stress in women patients with endometriosis.Patients and methods: 30 endometriotic women mean aged (31.16±5.61 year ) who were undergoing laparoscopy to participate in this study, and (n=30) healthy women volunteers mean aged (31.96±5.42 year) as control group.Results: The results in this study revealed a highly significant increased (P<0.01) in estradiol (E2), uric acid (UA) and oxidative stress (MDA). The results of the Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamins (A, E, β-carotene, C) showed a highly significant decreased (P<0.01) in the sera levels of patients with endometriosis as compared to control. This study showed, there was a significant negative correlation between the levels of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormones (FSH), Testosterone (Test.), E2 and vitamins, whereas a significant positive correlation was observed in UA level with concomitant increase in MDA levels.Conclusions: The results of this study concluded the increase of oxidative stress and the decrease of antioxidant vitamins and CoQ10. Thus increasing the growth and adhesion of endometrial cells in the peritoneal cavity, which will lead to increase the risk factors of endometriosis.