bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Realtime Pencegahan Serangan Brute Force dan DDOS Pada Ubuntu Server
Authors: Syaifuddin - , Risqiwati Diah , Irawan Eko Ari
Published: March 2019

Dalam era globalisasi ini perkembangan internet semakin cepat dalam penggunaan internet semakin banyak danÂ  informasi, data yang sangat penting sangat perlu di jaga,disisi lain terdapat banyak resiko terhadap keamanan dalam sistem jaringan terutama web server,sementara asset yang ada dalam informasi tersebut perlu dilindungi karena banyak cara yang dilakukan oleh seorang hacker untuk mendpatkan informasi atau data yang penting karena semakin terbuka dalam pengetahuan hacking dan cracking, sehingga banyak beberapa pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab mencoba untuk mencuri atau mengambil informasi,dengan di dukungÂ  banyaknya tools yang free,sehingga mempermudah para hacker dan attacker mencoba untuk melakukan aksi penyusupan maupun serangan.salah satu serangan ddos. Seorang administrator membutuhkan sistem yang bisa membantu kinerjanya. Sebuah sistem yang bisa membantu administrator jika sedang tidak berada dalm kondisi di tempat, sebuah sistem yang dapat memberikan hasil laporan atau report secara realtimeÂ  apa yang terjadi pada sistem apakah itu sebuah serangan atau penyusupan yang nantinya akan mempermudah kinerja seorang administrator dan bisa bertindak lebih jauh untuk mencegah terjadinya serangan di kemudian hari dan agar tidak terjadiÂ  upaya serangan atau penyusupan lagi.Dalam era globalisasi ini perkembangan internet semakin cepat dalam penggunaan internet semakin banyak danÂ  informasi, data yang sangat penting sangat perlu di jaga,disisi lain terdapat banyak resiko terhadap keamanan dalam sistem jaringan terutama web server,sementara asset yang ada dalam informasi tersebut perlu dilindungi karena banyak cara yang dilakukan oleh seorang hacker untuk mendpatkan informasi atau data yang penting karena semakin terbuka dalam pengetahuan hacking dan cracking, sehingga banyak beberapa pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab mencoba untuk mencuri atau mengambil informasi,dengan di dukungÂ  banyaknya tools yang free,sehingga mempermudah para hacker dan attacker mencoba untuk melakukan aksi penyusupan maupun serangan.salah satu serangan ddos. Seorang administrator membutuhkan sistem yang bisa membantu kinerjanya. Sebuah sistem yang bisa membantu administrator jika sedang tidak berada dalm kondisi di tempat, sebuah sistem yang dapat memberikan hasil laporan atau report secara realtimeÂ  apa yang terjadi pada sistem apakah itu sebuah serangan atau penyusupan yang nantinya akan mempermudah kinerja seorang administrator dan bisa bertindak lebih jauh untuk mencegah terjadinya serangan di kemudian hari dan agar tidak terjadiÂ  upaya serangan atau penyusupan lagi.
Penerapan Metode Filtering Video Streaming dan Malware Pada Jaringan Local Area Network
Authors: Pratiwi Dwi Nurmasari , Akbi Denar Regata
Published: March 2019

Jaringan komputer adalah jaringan penghubung komputer yang akan memberikan akses pada aplikasi layanan. Video Streaming merupakan layanan yang dapat mengkonsumsi bandwidth besar sehingga menyebabkan layanan akses lainnya tidak mendapatkan bandwidth yang cukup. Selain itu jaringan LAN sangat rentan sekali akan dimasuki oleh malware yang membuat jaringan sering down dan tidak stabil.Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya pengamanan jaringan dan filtering layanan. Dengan memanfaatkan router mikrotik dengan filtering port firewall dapat meminimalisir terjadinya penyebaran malware dan mengurangi penggunaan bandwidth. Metode Penelitiann yang dilakukan dengan studi literatur, perancangan, impelentasi, analisa pengujian. Hasil pengujian performansi sebelum implementasi filtering port pada jaringan LAN menunujukkan nilai bandwidth 98,04 Mbits, Jitter 0,046 ms, dan Packet loss 0,3 ms. Sedangkan pengujian nilai QoS setelah penerapan filtering port menunjukkan hasil bandwidth 364 Mbits, Jitter 0,022, dan packet loss 0,047. Performansi lebih stabil dan menunjukkan kinerja yang baik pada implementasi filteirng port video streaming. Hasil pengujian kenaikan dan penurunan nilai performansi masih dalam standart rekomendasii ITU-T.
Aplikasi E-Task Berbasis Student Center Learning Pada Matakuliah Manajemen Proyek Sistem Informasi
Authors: Ningsih Sri Restu , Suryani Ade Irma , Aulia Prima
Published: March 2019

At present, there are still many colleges that use Teacher Center Learning (TCL) based learning models. And this has resulted in the low interest of students in following the learning process. The result of the above problem is the decline in student learning outcomes. This study aims to develop a learning media based on Student Center Learning (SCL), by using an E-Task application that can improve students' results and independence in Information Systems Project Management subjects. Where in this case the student will use the E-Task application in working on assignments given by Lecturers independently or in groups, so that in terms of increasing student independence. This research uses the basic concept of system development life cycle (SDLC) system development which is described by the UML system design tool. The designed system flow is illustrated by global design, namely Use Case Diagram. The final result of this research is an E-Task application that is designed attractively so that students are expected to be able to independently carry out their duties and give their assignments to Lecturers anywhere and anytime. With this application students are able to actively work together, so that assignments given to students can be completed quickly, and this application can improve student learning outcomes.
Sistem Verifikasi Sertifikat Menggunakan Qrcode pada Central Event Information
Authors: Febriyanto Erick , Rahardja Untung , Faturahman Adam , Lutfiani Ninda
Published: March 2019

Era industri 4.0 sudah memperlihatkan perkembangan teknologi informasi yang semakin canggih.Â Suatu sistem informasi tentunya membutuhkan keamanan yang sangat tinggi, dan juga kemudahan serta efisiensi dalam mengakses sistem tersebut. Pada Perguruan Tinggi sertifikat termasuk ke dalam kategori dokumen yang penting bagi mahasiswa sebagai bukti bahwa mahasiswa telah mengikuti dan menjalani kegiatan akademik. Namun, penerbitan sertifikat melalui sistem CEI (Central Event Information) yang berjalan pada Perguruan Tinggi belum memiliki unsur tingkat keamanan yang cukup aman.Â Terdapat 2 (dua) permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu verifikasi sertifikat masihÂ konvensionalÂ dan keamanan yang rendah.Â Pada penelitian ini dapat diselesaikan masalah tersebut dengan cara adanya QR code pada sertifikat berbasisÂ digital image processing. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan perangkat lunak dengan model prototype dan 5 (lima) studi pustaka peneliti mampu mengatasi masalah tersebut. Dari pelaksanaan penelitian tersebut diharapkan dengan adanya sistem keamanan sertifikat dengan QR code berbasis digital image processing bagi sistem CEI (Central Event Information) mampu memberikan sistem keamanan yang tinggi dan terhindar dari penggandaan data serta kecurangan yang dilakukan mahasiswa. Serta unsur keamanan untuk mempermudah pendeteksian keaslian informasi kepemilikan sertifikat yang cepat dan akurat.
Perbandingan Metode Saw Dan Topsis Dalam Pemilihan Tujuan Wisata Di Jawa Barat
Authors: Sunarti Sunarti
Published: March 2019

The activities of diverse, dense flurry of making people want to refresh eliminate tired from the busy daily routine. One way is to make a tour. Determine the purpose of there desirability is not easy. Prior to the goal, first seeking information about the area to be visited, then comparing and selecting the appropriate criteria. To assist visitors in finding a tourist holiday destination then it takes a computer-based system. This system can be used for decision making for tourist visitors to search for a tourist destination. The required criteria are the location, costs, transportation, distance, time of visit, and facilities. This study compares the author Saw and Topsis method, where that method showed results perangkingan not always the same because there is a different algorithm and value weighting scale differences. The purpose of this method is to help visitors who would tour the West Java in choosing the right attractions in accordance with his wishes. The research indicates that based on the method of Saw, the code (A3) with a value of 0.80 with the tourist attractions of the Park is designated as the primary option mekarsari on attractions in Indonesia. Whereas, the calculation using Topsis method in the code (A5) Goa Buniayu to the first option with a value of 0.59.
PROGRAM ASSERTIVENES TRAINING DAN PROGRAM PSIKO EDUKASI KELUARGA SEBAGAI MODEL DALAM PREVENSI ADIKSI GAME ONLINE PADA REMAJA DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: . Renidayati , . Suhaimi
Published: March 2019

Excessive use of online games in adolescents can lead to addiction. Online game addiction is associated with limited time of rest, insomnia, sleep deprivation, academic decline, decreased self-esteem, and decreased life satisfaction with everyday life. Through Assertive Training Program and Psycho-educational Program in Families are expected to improve the ability of self-esteem, assertiveness and knowledge of teenagers to prevent the Online Game Addiction. The study design "Quasi-experimental pre-post test without control group" with an intervention of assertive Training Program and Psycho-Educational Program in Family. The results showed a difference of average in self-esteem, assertive behavior and knowledge of Online Games in the intervention group were given assertiveness training program and Psycho-educational program before and after the intervention with P value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Expected that exercise of assertive program and Psycho-Educational Program in Families can be used as a model in the prevention of online game addiction in adolescents, for nurses, counseling teachers in schools, and in communities
The Solidarity of Jesus Christ and The Comprehensive Handling of The Problem of Radicalism and Terrorism in Indonesia
Authors: Hannas Dr. , M.Th. Rinawaty,
Published: March 2019

Jesus Christ has never shown an act of solidarity toward men as a result of being cornered by their failures to obey His commands, but as an active conduct that reflected Himself as an all-loving, all-knowing, and most sovereign Individual.

This study found that: first, radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia emerged right after the fall of the New Order regime. Initially these movement only demanded justice for the oppressed Muslims. However, in their development during the nation’s post-reformation era, they position themselves as an opposition to the ruling government and threaten the existence and the continuity of the Unitary State of The Republic of Indonesia or known as NKRI (Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia), urging the government to revise Pancasila, the philosophical foundation of Indonesia and the Basic Constitution, UUD (Undang-Undang Dasar) 1945 to suit their own agenda. The Indonesian Goverment has been giving its serious and continous efforts to tackle this matter through the National Counterterrorism Agency or BNPT (Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Terorisme). Second, the government, religious leaders and the community must synergise  to build good communication among them and to provide a fast and  “down to earth” solution as to take down factors that blossom the radicalism and terrorism. Third, the Church needs to engange courageously in positioning itself to support the government that is anti-radicalism and anti-terrorism. A forum for inter-religious communication needs to be improved by advancing contributions with  positive impacts rather than just becoming a passive follower; a decent interfaith dialogue and a “SERMIAH” preaching model can be adopted as options for evangelism and for achieving the spiritual maturity of the believers.

The types of approaches used in this research are: historical approach,  hermeneutical approach, and leadership approach.
Reliability Comparative Evaluation of Active Redundancy vs. Standby Redundancy
Authors: Li James
Published: March 2019

Redundancy is a commonly applied reliability improvement technique to enhance the system reliability and availability of safety critical systems, or operational impact systems in the railroad and mass transit industry. In this paper, two very basic but different types of parallel redundancy, namely active redundancy and standby redundancy are introduced and studied according to the mechanism structure built in a system. The pros and cons of the active redundancy and standby redundancy are also discussed. The Markov model technique is utilized to illustrate the Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) calculation for the active and standby redundancy for the purpose of reliability evaluation. The comparison is also undertaken for the active redundancy versus standby redundancy from a reliability point of view.
Genetic Algorithm Based Approach for Reliability Redundancy Allocation Problems in Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Sahoo Laxminarayan
Published: March 2019

This paper presents the use of genetic algorithm to solve reliability redundancy allocation problem of complicated system in fuzzy environment. Generally, this problem has been formulated as single objective integer non-linear programming problem with several resource constraints. In this paper, the reliability of each component as well as other parameters related to the problem is considered to be fuzzy valued. In this work, the corresponding constrained optimization problem has been transformed to crisp constrained optimization problem using defuzzification of fuzzy number. Here, widely known Yager ranking Index has been used for defuzzification of fuzzy number. The Big-M penalty function technique has been used to transform the constrained optimization problem into an unconstrained optimization problem. The converted problem has been solved with the help of real coded genetic algorithm. To illustrate the proposed methodology, a numerical example has been considered and solved. To study the performance of the proposed genetic algorithm, sensitivity analyses have been done graphically.
Fast Calculation Methods for Reliability of Connected-(r,s)-out-of-(m,n):F Lattice System in Special Cases
Authors: Nakamura Taishin , Yamamoto Hisashi , Xiao Xiao
Published: March 2019

A connected-(r,s)-out-of-(m,n):F lattice system consists of components arranged as an (m,n) matrix, and fails if and only if the system has an (r,s) sub-matrix where all components fail. Though the previous study has proposed the recursive equation for computing the system reliability, it takes much time to compute the reliability. For one-dimensional systems, a matrix formula was provided based on the existing recursive equation when the system consists of independent and identically distributed components. The numerical experiments showed that the matrix formula was more efficient than the recursive equation. In contrast, for two-dimensional systems, the recursive equation is comparatively complex, so that it is difficult to drive a matrix formula directly from the recursive equation. In this study, we derive general forms of matrices for computing the reliability of the connected-(r,s)-out-of-(m,n):F lattice system consisting of independent and identically distributed components in the case of and . We compare our proposed method with the recursive equation in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method using numerical experiments.
Peroxiredoxin6 in Endothelial Signaling
Authors: Patel Priyal , Chatterjee Shampa
Published: March 2019

Peroxiredoxins (Prdx) are a ubiquitous family of highly conserved antioxidant enzymes with a cysteine residue that participate in the reduction of peroxides. This family comprises members Prdx1–6, of which Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) is unique in that it is multifunctional with the ability to neutralize peroxides (peroxidase activity) and to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) via its phospholipase (PLA2) activity that drives assembly of NADPH oxidase (NOX2). From the crystal structure, a C47 residue is responsible for peroxidase activity while a catalytic triad (S32, H26, and D140) has been identified as the active site for its PLA2 activity. This paradox of being an antioxidant as well as an oxidant generator implies that Prdx6 is a regulator of cellular redox equilibrium (graphical abstract). It also indicates that a fine-tuned regulation of Prdx6 expression and activity is crucial to cellular homeostasis. This is specifically important in the endothelium, where ROS production and signaling are critical players in inflammation, injury, and repair, that collectively signal the onset of vascular diseases. Here we review the role of Prdx6 as a regulator of redox signaling, specifically in the endothelium and in mediating various pathologies.
Adapted Moderate Training Exercise Decreases the Expression of Ngal in the Rat Kidney: An Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Di Rosa Michelino , Castrogiovanni Paola , Trovato Francesca Maria , Malatino Lorenzo , Ravalli Silvia , Imbesi Rosa , Szychlinska Marta Anna , Musumeci Giuseppe
Published: March 2019

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a biomarker of several injuries and is upregulated in inflammatory conditions. Vitamin D was shown to have anti-inflammatory effects and to increase after physical activity. This work aimed to assess, through immunohistochemistry, the effects of an adapted moderate training exercise (AMTE) on the expression of NGAL and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the kidney and heart of rats. Sixteen rats were distributed into two groups: the sedentary control group and the experimental group, subjected to AMTE on the treadmill for 12 weeks. The results showed the basal expression of NGAL and VDR in both the heart and the kidney in sedentary rats; no differences in the expression of both NGAL and VDR in the heart; and a decreased NGAL and an increased VDR expression in the kidney of rats subjected to AMTE. These results suggest a possible protective role of AMTE on NGAL-associated injuries in the kidney, probably through the vitamin D signaling pathway. Our results represent an interesting preliminary data that may open new horizons in the management of NGAL-associated kidney injuries. However, further studies are needed to confirm these results and to comprehend the specific interaction between NGAL and VDR pathways in the kidney.
Workpiece Pose Optimization for Milling with Flexible-Joint Robots to Improve Quasi-Static Performance
Authors: Qin Haojie , Li Yuwen , Xiong Xiong
Published: March 2019

Although industrial robots are widely used in production automation, their applications in machining have been limited because of the structural vibrations induced by periodic cutting forces. Since the dynamic characteristics of an industrial robot depends on its configuration, the responses of the robot structure to the cutting forces are affected by how the workpiece is placed within the workspace of the robot. This paper presents a method for workpiece pose optimization for a robotic milling system to improve the quasi-static performance during machining. Since the milling forces are time-varying due to the characteristics of the multi-tooth and discontinuity of milling, these forces can excite vibrations inside the robot structure. To address this issue, a structural dynamics model is established for industrial robots, considering their joint flexibility, and a milling force formulation is incorporated into the robot dynamics model to investigate the forced vibrations of the flexible joints. Then, the quasi-static performance of the robotic machining system is evaluated by the vibration-induced offset of the cutter tool that is mounted on the end-effector. Finally, an optimization approach is given for the workpiece pose to minimize the cutter tool offset under the periodic milling force. A numerical simulation demonstrates that the optimal workpiece pose can significantly reduce the overall tool offset during machining and can lower the variation of the tool offset along the milling path.
Past, Present, and Future of Regeneration Therapy in Oral and Periodontal Tissue: A Review
Authors: Lee Hwa-Sun , Byun Soo-Hwan , Cho Seoung-Won , Yang Byoung-Eun
Published: March 2019

Chronic periodontitis is the most common disease which induces oral tissue destruction. The goal of periodontal treatment is to reduce inflammation and regenerate the defects. As the structure of periodontium is composed of four types of different tissue (cementum, alveolar bone periodontal ligament, and gingiva), the regeneration should allow different cell proliferation in the separated spaces. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) were introduced to prevent epithelial growth into the alveolar bone space. In the past, non-absorbable membranes with basic functions such as space maintenance were used with bone graft materials. Due to several limitations of the non-absorbable membranes, membranes of the second and third generation equipped with controlled absorbability, and a functional layer releasing growth factors or antimicrobials were introduced. Moreover, tissue engineering using biomaterials enabled faster and more stable tissue regeneration. The scaffold with three-dimensional structures manufactured by computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) showed high biocompatibility, and promoted cell infiltration and revascularization. In the future, using the cell sheath, pre-vascularizing and bioprinting techniques will be applied to the membrane to mimic the original tissue itself. The aim of the review was not only to understand the past and the present trends of GTR and GBR, but also to be used as a guide for a proper future of regeneration therapy in the oral region.
A Novel Approach to Model a Gas Network
Authors: Ekhtiari Ali , Dassios Ioannis , Liu Muyang , Syron Eoin
Published: March 2019

The continuous uninterrupted supply of Natural Gas (NG) is crucial to today’s economy, with issues in key infrastructure, e.g., Baumgarten hub in Austria in 2017, highlighting the importance of the NG infrastructure for the supply of primary energy. The balancing of gas supply from a wide range of sources with various end users can be challenging due to the unique and different behaviours of the end users, which in some cases span across a continent. Further complicating the management of the NG network is its role in supporting the electrical network. The fast response times of NG power plants and the potential to store energy in the network play a key role in adding flexibility across other energy systems. Traditionally, modelling the NG network relies on nonlinear pipe flow equations that incorporate the demand (load), flow rate, and physical network parameters including topography and NG properties. It is crucial that the simulations produce accurate results quickly. This paper seeks to provide a novel method to solve gas flow equations through a network under steady-state conditions. Firstly, the model is reformulated into non-linear matrix equations, then the equations separated into their linear and nonlinear components, and thirdly, the non-linear system is solved approximately by providing a linear system with similar solutions to the non-linear one. The non-linear equations of the NG transport system include the main variables and characteristics of a gas network, focusing on pressure drop in the gas network. Two simplified models, both of the Irish gas network (1. A gas network with 13 nodes, 2. A gas network with 109 nodes) are used as a case study for comparison of the solutions. Results are generated by using the novel method, and they are compared to the outputs of two numerical methods, the Newton–Raphson solution using MATLAB and SAINT, a commercial software that is used for the simulation of the gas network and electrical grids.
Improved Visible Light-Based Indoor Positioning System Using Machine Learning Classification and Regression
Authors: Tran Huy Q. , Ha Cheolkeun
Published: March 2019

Recently, indoor positioning systems have attracted a great deal of research attention, as they have a variety of applications in the fields of science and industry. In this study, we propose an innovative and easily implemented solution for indoor positioning. The solution is based on an indoor visible light positioning system and dual-function machine learning (ML) algorithms. Our solution increases positioning accuracy under the negative effect of multipath reflections and decreases the computational time for ML algorithms. Initially, we perform a noise reduction process to eliminate low-intensity reflective signals and minimize noise. Then, we divide the floor of the room into two separate areas using the ML classification function. This significantly reduces the computational time and partially improves the positioning accuracy of our system. Finally, the regression function of those ML algorithms is applied to predict the location of the optical receiver. By using extensive computer simulations, we have demonstrated that the execution time required by certain dual-function algorithms to determine indoor positioning is decreased after area division and noise reduction have been applied. In the best case, the proposed solution took 78.26% less time and provided a 52.55% improvement in positioning accuracy.
Electrospun Nanomaterials for Energy Applications: Recent Advances
Authors: Santangelo Saveria
Published: March 2019

Electrospinning is a simple, versatile, cost-effective, and scalable technique for the growth of highly porous nanofibers. These nanostructures, featured by high aspect ratio, may exhibit a large variety of different sizes, morphologies, composition, and physicochemical properties. By proper post-spinning heat treatment(s), self-standing fibrous mats can also be produced. Large surface area and high porosity make electrospun nanomaterials (both fibers and three-dimensional fiber networks) particularly suitable to numerous energy-related applications. Relevant results and recent advances achieved by their use in rechargeable lithium- and sodium-ion batteries, redox flow batteries, metal-air batteries, supercapacitors, reactors for water desalination via capacitive deionization and for hydrogen production by water splitting, as well as nanogenerators for energy harvesting, and textiles for energy saving will be presented and the future prospects for the large-scale application of electrospun nanomaterials will be discussed.
A Novel Deep Learning Stack for APT Detection
Authors: Bodström Tero , Hämäläinen Timo
Published: March 2019

We present a novel Deep Learning (DL) stack for detecting Advanced Persistent threat (APT) attacks. This model is based on a theoretical approach where an APT is observed as a multi-vector multi-stage attack with a continuous strategic campaign. To capture these attacks, the entire network flow and particularly raw data must be used as an input for the detection process. By combining different types of tailored DL-methods, it is possible to capture certain types of anomalies and behaviour. Our method essentially breaks down a bigger problem into smaller tasks, tries to solve these sequentially and finally returns a conclusive result. This concept paper outlines, for example, the problems and possible solutions for the tasks. Additionally, we describe how we will be developing, implementing and testing the method in the near future.
An Improved A-Star Algorithm Considering Water Current, Traffic Separation and Berthing for Vessel Path Planning
Authors: Liu Chenguang , Mao Qingzhou , Chu Xiumin , Xie Shuo
Published: March 2019

A traditional A-Star (A*) algorithm generates an optimal path by minimizing the path cost. For a vessel, factors of path length, obstacle collision risk, traffic separation rule and manoeuvrability restriction should be all taken into account for path planning. Meanwhile, the water current also plays an important role in voyaging and berthing for vessels. In consideration of these defects of the traditional A-Star algorithm when it is used for vessel path planning, an improved A-Star algorithm has been proposed. To be specific, the risk models of obstacles (bridge pier, moored or anchored ship, port, shore, etc.) considering currents, traffic separation, berthing, manoeuvrability restriction have been built firstly. Then, the normal path generation and the berthing path generation with the proposed improved A-Star algorithm have been represented, respectively. Moreover, the problem of combining the normal path and the berthing path has been also solved. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed A-Star path planning methods, four cases have been studied in simulation and real scenarios. The results of experiments show that the proposed A-Star path planning methods can deal with the problems denoted in this article well, and realize the trade-off between the path length and the navigation safety.
Active Structural Acoustic Control of an Active Casing Placed in a Corner
Authors: Chraponska Anna , Wrona Stanislaw , Rzepecki Jaroslaw , Mazur Krzysztof , Pawelczyk Marek
Published: March 2019

Electric appliances used in workplaces and everyday life often generate a low-frequency noise, which affects human body systems. Passive methods employed to reduce noise are not effective at low frequencies. The classical approach to active noise control practically involves the generation of local zones of quiet, whereas at other areas the noise is reinforced. Moreover, it usually requires a large number of secondary sound sources. Hence, an active casing approach has been developed. The active casing panels’ vibrations are controlled to reduce the device noise emission. Efficiency of this method has been previously confirmed by the authors and the results have been reported in multiple journal publications. However, in the previous research experiments, the active casing was placed at a distance from the enclosure walls. In this research, the active casing is located in a corner and such placement is intentionally used to facilitate the active control system’s operation. The noise reduction performance is investigated at multiple configurations, including a range of distances from the corner and different error microphone arrangements. The analysis of both primary and secondary paths is given. Advantages and drawbacks of different active casing configurations are presented and discussed.
Application of Machine Learning Techniques to Predict the Mechanical Properties of Polyamide 2200 (PA12) in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Baturynska Ivanna
Published: March 2019

Additive manufacturing (AM) is an attractive technology for the manufacturing industry due to flexibility in its design and functionality, but inconsistency in quality is one of the major limitations preventing utilizing this technology for the production of end-use parts. The prediction of mechanical properties can be one of the possible ways to improve the repeatability of results. The part placement, part orientation, and STL model properties (number of mesh triangles, surface, and volume) are used to predict tensile modulus, nominal stress, and elongation at break for polyamide 2200 (also known as PA12). An EOS P395 polymer powder bed fusion system was used to fabricate 217 specimens in two identical builds (434 specimens in total). Prediction is performed for XYZ, XZY, ZYX, and Angle orientations separately, and all orientations together. The different non-linear models based on machine learning methods have higher prediction accuracy compared with linear regression models. Linear regression models only have prediction accuracy higher than 80% for Tensile Modulus and Elongation at break in Angle orientation. Since orientation-based modeling has low prediction accuracy due to a small number of data points and lack of information about the material properties, these models need to be improved in the future based on additional experimental work.
Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Heat Transfer Coefficients of Building External Surfaces in the Tropical Island Region
Authors: Cui Yaping , Xie Jingchao , Liu Jiaping , Xue Peng
Published: March 2019

China is actively promoting ocean territory construction, and how to design low-energy buildings to fit the unique climate of tropical island regions has received much attention. The heat transfer coefficient of a building external surface plays a vital role in calculating air-conditioning load accurately. To obtain reasonable heat transfer coefficients in the tropical island region, this study introduced a naphthalene sublimation experiment to conduct full-scale measurements on convective heat transfer coefficients (CHTCs) in the tropical island region, and proposed a simplified calculation model of evaporative heat transfer coefficients (EHTCs). Results indicated that the function expression between CHTC and wind speed was CHTC = 5.56 + 4.48u (R2 = 0.94), and it was validated to be reliable. Furthermore, compared with CHTCs and radiation heat transfer coefficients (RHTCs), the EHTC had a wider changing range, owing to rainfall effects. Moreover, whether evaporation was considered or not, the difference of total heat transfer coefficients (THTCs) on building external surfaces was 5.2 W/(m2·K) for the whole year, so evaporation cannot be ignored directly. Additionally, THTCs with consideration of evaporation in winter and summer were 33.4 W/(m2·K) and 38.9 W/(m2·K) severally, which are much larger than the recommended values in the Chinese standard. This study would make up for the lack of surface heat transfer coefficients in energy conservation design of tropical island buildings.
Major Source Contributions to Ambient PM2.5 and Exposures within the New South Wales Greater Metropolitan Region
Authors: Chang Lisa T.-C. , Scorgie Yvonne , Duc Hiep Nguyen , Monk Khalia , Fuchs David , Trieu Toan
Published: March 2019

The coupled Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM) and Chemical Transport Model (CTM) (CCAM-CTM) was undertaken with eleven emission scenarios segregated from the 2008 New South Wales Greater Metropolitan Region (NSW GMR) Air Emission Inventory to predict major source contributions to ambient PM2.5 and exposure in the NSW GMR. Model results illustrate that populated areas in the NSW GMR are characterised with annual average PM2.5 of 6–7 µg/m3, while natural sources including biogenic emissions, sea salt and wind-blown dust contribute 2–4 µg/m3 to it. Summer and winter regional average PM2.5 ranges from 5.2–6.1 µg/m3 and 3.7–7.7 µg/m3 across Sydney East, Sydney Northwest, Sydney Southwest, Illawarra and Newcastle regions. Secondary inorganic aerosols (particulate nitrate, sulphate and ammonium) and sodium account for up to 23% and 18% of total PM2.5 mass in both summer and winter. The increase in elemental carbon (EC) mass from summer to winter is found across all regions but particularly remarkable in the Sydney East region. Among human-made sources, “wood heaters” is the first or second major source contributing to total PM2.5 and EC mass across Sydney in winter. “On-road mobile vehicles” is the top contributor to EC mass across regions, and it also has significant contributions to total PM2.5 mass, particulate nitrate and sulphate mass in the Sydney East region. “Power stations” is identified to be the third major contributor to the summer total PM2.5 mass across regions, and the first or second contributor to sulphate and ammonium mass in both summer and winter. “Non-road diesel and marine” plays a relatively important role in EC mass across regions except Illawarra. “Industry” is identified to be the first or second major contributor to sulphate and ammonium mass, and the second or third major contributor to total PM2.5 mass across regions. By multiplying modelled predictions with Australian Bureau of Statistics 1-km resolution gridded population data, the natural and human-made sources are found to contribute 60% (3.55 µg/m3) and 40% (2.41 µg/m3) to the population-weighted annual average PM2.5 (5.96 µg/m3). Major source groups “wood heaters”, “industry”, “on-road motor vehicles”, “power stations” and “non-road diesel and marine” accounts for 31%, 26%, 19%, 17% and 6% of the total human-made sources contribution, respectively. The results in this study enhance the quantitative understanding of major source contributions to ambient PM2.5 and its major chemical components. A greater understanding of the contribution of the major sources to PM2.5 exposures is the basis for air quality management interventions aiming to deliver improved public health outcomes.
Arytenoid Fixation in Laryngeal Cancer: Radiological Pictures and Clinical Correlations with Respect to Conservative Treatments
Authors: Succo Giovanni , Cirillo Stefano , Bertotto Ilaria , Maldi Elena , Balmativola Davide , Petracchini Massimo , Gned Dario , Fornari Alessandro , Motatto Gian Marco , Sprio Andrea E. , Manca Andrea , Crosetti Erika
Published: March 2019

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to identify different radiological features in intermediate–advanced laryngeal cancer (LC) associated with arytenoid fixation, in order to differentiate cases still safely amenable to conservative treatment by partial laryngectomy or chemoradiotherapy. Methods: 29 consecutive patients who underwent open partial horizontal laryngectomies (OPHLs), induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy in the case of >50% response (IC + RT) or total laryngectomy were classified as: pattern I (supraglottic LC fixing the arytenoid due to weight effect), pattern II (glottic LC involving the posterior paraglottic space and spreading toward the crico-arytenoid joint and infraglottic extension <10 mm), pattern III (glottic—infraglottic LC involving the crico-arytenoid joint and infraglottic extension >10 mm) and pattern IV (transglottic and infraglottic LC with massive crico-arytenoid unit involvement, reaching the hypopharyngeal submucosa). All glottic cancers treated with surgery were studied by a cross sectional approach. Results: A substantial agreement between the work-up and the pathology results has been obtained in each of the subcategories. Three-year disease-free survivals, local control and freedom from laryngectomy were significantly better in pattern II compared to pattern III–IV. Conclusions: LC showing fixed arytenoid due to weight effect or posterior paraglottic space involvement with infraglottic extension <10 mm assessed at the true vocal cord midline are still safely manageable by OPHL or IC + RT.
Integrated Analysis of Germline and Tumor DNA Identifies New Candidate Genes Involved in Familial Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Díaz-Gay Marcos , Franch-Expósito Sebastià , Arnau-Collell Coral , Park Solip , Supek Fran , Muñoz Jenifer , Bonjoch Laia , Gratacós-Mulleras Anna , Sánchez-Rojas Paula , Esteban-Jurado Clara , Ocaña Teresa , Cuatrecasas Miriam , Vila-Casadesús Maria , Lozano Juan , Parra Genis , Laurie Steve , Beltran Sergi ,   EPICOLON Consortium, Castells Antoni , Bujanda Luis , Cubiella Joaquín , Balaguer Francesc , Castellví-Bel Sergi
Published: March 2019

Colorectal cancer (CRC) shows aggregation in some families but no alterations in the known hereditary CRC genes. We aimed to identify new candidate genes which are potentially involved in germline predisposition to familial CRC. An integrated analysis of germline and tumor whole-exome sequencing data was performed in 18 unrelated CRC families. Deleterious single nucleotide variants (SNV), short insertions and deletions (indels), copy number variants (CNVs) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) were assessed as candidates for first germline or second somatic hits. Candidate tumor suppressor genes were selected when alterations were detected in both germline and somatic DNA, fulfilling Knudson’s two-hit hypothesis. Somatic mutational profiling and signature analysis were also performed. A series of germline-somatic variant pairs were detected. In all cases, the first hit was presented as a rare SNV/indel, whereas the second hit was either a different SNV (3 genes) or LOH affecting the same gene (141 genes). BRCA2, BLM, ERCC2, RECQL, REV3L and RIF1 were among the most promising candidate genes for germline CRC predisposition. The identification of new candidate genes involved in familial CRC could be achieved by our integrated analysis. Further functional studies and replication in additional cohorts are required to confirm the selected candidates.
Emerin Is Required for Proper Nucleus Reassembly after Mitosis: Implications for New Pathogenetic Mechanisms for Laminopathies Detected in EDMD1 Patients
Authors: Dubińska-Magiera Magda , Kozioł Katarzyna , Machowska Magdalena , Piekarowicz Katarzyna , Filipczak Daria , Rzepecki Ryszard
Published: March 2019

Emerin is an essential LEM (LAP2, Emerin, MAN1) domain protein in metazoans and an integral membrane protein associated with inner and outer nuclear membranes. Mutations in the human EMD gene coding for emerin result in the rare genetic disorder: Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy type 1 (EDMD1). This disease belongs to a broader group called laminopathies—a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders affecting tissues of mesodermal origin. EDMD1 phenotype is characterized by progressive muscle wasting, contractures of the elbow and Achilles tendons, and cardiac conduction defects. Emerin is involved in many cellular and intranuclear processes through interactions with several partners: lamins; barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF), β-catenin, actin, and tubulin. Our study demonstrates the presence of the emerin fraction which associates with mitotic spindle microtubules and centrosomes during mitosis and colocalizes during early mitosis with lamin A/C, BAF, and membranes at the mitotic spindle. Transfection studies with cells expressing EGFP-emerin protein demonstrate that the emerin fusion protein fraction also localizes to centrosomes and mitotic spindle microtubules during mitosis. Transient expression of emerin deletion mutants revealed that the resulting phenotypes vary and are mutant dependent. The most frequent phenotypes include aberrant nuclear shape, tubulin network mislocalization, aberrant mitosis, and mislocalization of centrosomes. Emerin deletion mutants demonstrated different chromatin binding capacities in an in vitro nuclear assembly assay and chromatin-binding properties correlated with the strength of phenotypic alteration in transfected cells. Aberrant tubulin staining and microtubule network phenotype appearance depended on the presence of the tubulin binding region in the expressed deletion mutants. We believe that the association with tubulin might help to “deliver” emerin and associated membranes to decondensing chromatin. Preliminary analyses of cells from Polish patients with EDMD1 revealed that for several mutations thought to be null for emerin protein, a truncated emerin protein was present. We infer that the EDMD1 phenotype may be strengthened by the toxicity of truncated emerin expressed in patients with certain nonsense mutations in EMD.
Radiation Tolerance in Nano-Structured Crystalline Fe(Cr)/Amorphous SiOC Composite
Authors: Su Qing , Wang Tianyao , Shao Lin , Nastasi Michael
Published: March 2019

The management of irradiation defects is one of key challenges for structural materials in current and future reactor systems. To develop radiation tolerant alloys for service in extreme irradiation environments, the Fe self-ion radiation response of nanocomposites composed of amorphous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) and crystalline Fe(Cr) were examined at 10, 20, and 50 displacements per atom damage levels. Grain growth in width direction was observed to increase with increasing irradiation dose in both Fe(Cr) films and Fe(Cr) layers in the nanocomposite after irradiation at room temperature. However, compared to the Fe(Cr) film, the Fe(Cr) layers in the nanocomposite exhibited ~50% less grain growth at the same damage levels, suggesting that interfaces in the nanocomposite were defect sinks. Moreover, the addition of Cr to α-Fe was shown to suppress its grain growth under irradiation for both the composite and non-composite case, consistent with earlier molecular dynamic (MD) modeling studies.
Not p-Values, Said a Little Bit Differently
Authors: Startz Richard
Published: March 2019

As a contribution toward the ongoing discussion about the use and mis-use of p-values, numerical examples are presented demonstrating that a p-value can, as a practical matter, give you a really different answer than the one that you want.
Analysis of Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption and Environmental Impacts in European Countries
Authors: Martins Florinda , Felgueiras Carlos , Smitkova Miroslava , Caetano Nídia
Published: March 2019

The use of fossil fuels as the main source of energy for most countries has caused several negative environmental impacts, such as global warming and air pollution. Air pollution causes many health problems, causing social and economic negative effects. Worldwide efforts are being made to avoid global warming consequences through the establishment of international agreements that then lead to local policies adapted to the development of each signing nation. In addition, there is a depletion of nonrenewable resources which may be scarce or nonexistent in future generations. The preservation of resources, which is a common goal of the Circular Economy strategy and of sustainable development, is not being accomplished nowadays. In this work, the calculation of indicators and mathematical and statistical analysis were applied to clarify and evidence the trends, provide information for the decision-making process, and increase public awareness. The fact that European countries do not possess abundant reserves of fossil fuels will not change, but the results of this analysis can evolve in the future. In this work, fossil fuel energy consumption, fossil fuel depletion, and their relationship with other variables, such as energy dependence and share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption, were analyzed for 29 European countries. Furthermore, it was possible to conclude that many European countries still depend heavily on fossil fuels. Significant differences were not found in what concerns gross inland consumption per capita when the Kruskal–Wallis test was applied. It was possible to estimate that by 2050 (considering Jazz scenario) it will only remain approximately 14% of oil proven reserves, 72% of coal proven reserves and 18% of gas proven reserves. Given the small reserves of European countries on fossil fuels, if they need to use them, they will fast disappear.
Online Economic Re-dispatch to Mitigate Line Overloads after Line and Generation Contingencies
Authors: Arenas-Crespo Oswaldo , Candelo-Becerra John E. , Hoyos Velasco Fredy E.
Published: March 2019

This paper presents an online economic re-dispatch scheme based on the generation cost optimization with security constraints to mitigate line overloads before and after line and generation contingencies. The proposed optimization model considers simplification of mathematical expressions calculated from online variables as the power transfer distribution factor (PTDF) and line outage distribution factor (LODF). Thus, a first algorithm that calculates economic re-dispatch for online operation to avoid overloads during the normal operation and a second algorithm that calculates online emergency economic re-dispatch when overloads occur due to line and generator contingencies are proposed in this paper. The results show that the proposed algorithms avoid overload before and after contingencies, improving power system security, and at the same time reducing operational costs. This scheme allows a reduction of power generation units in the electricity market during online operation that considers line overloads in the power system.