bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Controls on abnormally high porosity in a deep burial reservoir of the Lingshui Formation in the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea
Authors: Bi Guangxu , Lyu Chengfu , Zhou Qianshan , Chen Guojun , Li Chao , Zhang Gongcheng , Zhao Yilin , Li Chengze
Published: March 2020

Based on information including porosity and permeability, petrography, the stable isotopic composition of carbonate cements, and homogenization temperatures of aqueous fluid inclusions, we have studied the main factors for the development of abnormally high porosity in the Lingshui Formation reservoir of the Yacheng area. We found the sandstones were mainly subarkose, arkose, and lithic arkose and were texturally and compositionally immature. The research suggested that the sandstones existing close beneath the regional unconformity were formed during the Late Oligocene. Early diagenetic calcite cements leached to form intergranular secondary pores without the precipitation of late-diagenetic calcite cements in most sandstones. The isotopic composition of carbonate cements suggested a significant incursion of meteoric freshwater in the sandstones. Early diagenetic meteoric freshwater leaching reactions provided favorable conduits for the penetration of organic acids during the later period. Thermal fluid activities allowed source rocks to mature rapidly; therefore, the organic acid generation period was extended and feldspars were corroded to form abundant intragranular secondary pores. The abundant corroded minerals and the small amounts of associated authigenic minerals suggested that the dissolution of minerals most likely occurred in an open geochemical system. The dissolution of feldspars and calcite minerals generated an enhanced secondary porosity of approximately 9%–13% in thin sections of these sandstones.
Oil content prediction of lacustrine organic-rich shale from wireline logs: A case study of intersalt reservoirs in the Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin, China
Authors: Nie Xin , Lu Jing , Djaroun Roufida Rana , Wang Peilin , Li Jun , Zhang Chaomo
Published: March 2020

Shale oil is an unconventional oil resource with great potential. Oil saturation ([Formula: see text]) is an essential parameter for formation evaluation. However, due to the complexity of matrix mineral components and pore structure, Archie’s law cannot be used directly to calculate [Formula: see text] in shale oil reservoirs. We have developed a new saturation model for shale oil reservoirs. This model allows us to separate the organic from the inorganic pores, eliminate the background conductivity mainly caused by the borehole fluid or conductive minerals and determine the effective conductive porosity, which rules out nonconductive porosity, including isolated pores and the pore space affected by the fluid distribution. By analyzing the logging and core experimental data from the Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Oilfield, we found that the T2 cutoff porosities of nuclear magnetic resonance logging are strongly related to the nonconductive porosities. After we determine the T2 cutoff value using the core experimental data, we can use it to obtain nonconductive porosity fraction in each depth point, which allows us to efficiently calculate [Formula: see text]. We calculate oil saturation values and use them to estimate the oil content. The results are coherent with the core experimental data, which indicates the efficiency of this model.
Next-Generation Sequencing of Advanced GI Tumors Reveals Individual Treatment Options
Authors: Bitzer Michael , Ostermann Leonie , Horger Marius , Biskup Saskia , Schulze Martin , Ruhm Kristina , Hilke Franz , Öner Öznur , Nikolaou Konstantin , Schroeder Christopher , Riess Olaf , Fend Falko , Zips Daniel , Hinterleitner Martina , Zender Lars , Tabatabai Ghazaleh , Beha Janina , Malek Nisar P.
Published: March 2020

PURPOSE

Precision oncology connects highly complex diagnostic procedures with patient histories to identify individualized treatment options in interdisciplinary molecular tumor boards (MTBs). Detailed data on MTB-guided treatments and outcome with a focus on advanced GI cancers have not been reported yet.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Next-generation sequencing of tumor and normal tissue pairs was performed between April 2016 and February 2018. After identification of relevant molecular alterations, available clinical studies or in-label, off-label, or matched experimental treatment options were recommended. Follow-up data and a response assessment that was based on radiologic imaging were recorded.

RESULTS

Ninety-six patients were presented to the MTB of Tuebingen University Hospital. Sixteen (17%) showed “pathogenic” or “likely pathogenic” germline variants. Recommendations on the basis of molecular alterations or tumor mutational burden were given for 41 patients (43%). Twenty-five received the suggested drug, and 20 were evaluable for best response assessment. Three patients (15%) reached a partial response (PR), and 6 (30%), stable disease (SD), whereas 11 (55%) had tumor progression (progressive disease). Median progression-free survival (PFS) for all treated and evaluable patients was 2.8 months (range, 1.0-9.0 months), and median overall survival (OS) of all treated patients was 5.2 months (range, 0.1 months to not reached). Patients with SD for ≥ 3 months or PR compared with progressive disease showed both a statistically significant longer median PFS (7.8 months [95% CI, 4.2 to 11.4 months] v 2.2 months [95% CI, 1.5 to 2.8 months], P < .0001) and median OS (18.0 months [95% CI, 10.4 to 25.6 months] v 3.8 months [95% CI, 2.3 to 5.4 months], P < .0001).

CONCLUSION

Next-generation sequencing diagnostics of advanced GI cancers identified a substantial number of pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants and unique individual treatment options. Patients with PR or SD in the course of MTB-recommended treatments seemed to benefit with respect to PFS and OS.
Who Acquires Information in Dealer Markets?
Authors: Rüdiger Jesper , Vigier Adrien
Published: March 2020

We study information acquisition in dealer markets. We first identify a one-sided strategic complementarity in information acquisition: the more informed traders are, the larger market makers’ gain from becoming informed. When quotes are observable, this effect in turn induces a strategic complementarity in information acquisition amongst market makers. We then derive the equilibrium pattern of information acquisition and examine the implications of our analysis for market liquidity and price discovery. We show that increasing the cost of information can decrease market liquidity and improve price discovery. (JEL O82, O83, G14)
Toward a paradigm shift from deficit-based to proactive speech and language treatment: Randomized pilot trial of the Babble Boot Camp in infants with classic galactosemia
Authors: Peter Beate , Potter Nancy , Davis Jennifer , Donenfeld-Peled Inbal , Finestack Lizbeth , Stoel-Gammon Carol , Lien Kari , Bruce Laurel , Vose Caitlin , Eng Linda , Yokoyama Hanako , Olds Daniel , VanDam Mark
Published: March 2020

Background: Speech and language therapy is typically initiated reactively after a child shows delays. Infants with classic galactosemia (CG), a metabolic disease with a known high risk for both speech and language disorders, hold the keys towards evaluating whether preventive treatment is effective when the risks are known at birth. We present pilot data from a randomized parallel trial of an innovative proactive speech and language intervention program, the Babble Boot Camp (BBC). 

Method: Five children with CG, otherwise healthy, participated in the study from approximately 2 to 24 months of age. One of these was randomly selected as control receiving conventional management, which typically starts at age 2-3 years. A pediatric speech-language pathologist met weekly via telepractice with the parents in the treatment cohort. Parents implemented the prespeech, speech, and language stimulation and expansion activities according to the intervention protocol. The control child was still too young for conventional treatment. Primary outcome measures were speech sound production complexity in babble and speech and expressive vocabulary size. Secondary outcome measures were vocalization rates and developmental milestones in communication, motor, and cognition. The trial is ongoing.

Results:  All four treated children had higher speech sound skills in babble, three had higher speech sound skills in meaningful speech, two had higher expressive vocabularies, three had higher global developmental scores, and two had higher vocalization rates, compared to the control child with CG.

Discussion: Given the high risk for speech and language delays in children with CG, finding on-schedule abilities in two or more of the treated children but not the untreated child is unexpected under random conditions. The trends toward beneficial effects of the BBC on speech sound production, expressive language, and communication milestones warrant appropriately powered larger clinical trials with full randomization.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03838016 (12 th February 2019).
Serotypic distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Chinese children under 5 years after the introduction of the 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Han Xu , Molina Águila Niurka , Yu Haiyang , Linares Pérez C. Nivaldo , Eugenia Toledo Romaní C. María
Published: March 2020

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) be included in immunization programs worldwide. In China, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PREVNAR 7®) was authorized in 2008 but was not included in the national immunization programs. In 2016, PREVNAR 13®, a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), was licensed for optional use in China. We will conduct a scoping review of the distribution of serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children aged under 5 years in China since the introduction of PCV13. We will obtain data from PubMed, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Med Online. We will also review epidemiological data from WHO and the China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network (CHINET). Our analysis will include the condition of interest, the intervention, and the geographical region. All types of studies will be eligible for inclusion in the study database if they meet the inclusion criteria. This scoping review is intended to outline how S. pneumoniae serotypes are distributed, and it will map their antimicrobial resistance in children aged under 5 years in China. The results of this study will provide useful information on the impact of PCV13 in China.
A protocol for an observational cohort study of heat strain and its effect on fetal wellbeing in pregnant farmers in The Gambia
Authors: Bonell Ana , Hirst Jane , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana M. , Haines Andy , Prentice Andrew M. , Maxwell Neil S.
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Climate change predictions indicate that global temperatures are likely to exceed those seen in the last 200,000 years, rising by around 4°C above pre-industrial levels by 2100 (without effective mitigation of current emission rates). In regions of the world set to experience extreme temperatures, women often work outside in agriculture even during pregnancy. The implications of heat strain in pregnancy on maternal health and pregnancy outcome are not well understood. This protocol describes a study to assess the physiological response of pregnant women to environmental heat stress and the immediate effect this has on fetal wellbeing.

Methods and analysis: The study will be performed in West Kiang district, The Gambia; a semi-arid zone in West Africa with daily maximum temperatures ranging from approximately 32 to 40°C. We will recruit 125 pregnant women of all ages who perform agricultural work during their pregnancy. Participants will be followed every two months until delivery. At each study visit fetal growth will be measured by ultrasound scan. During the course of their working day we will take the following measurements: continuous maternal physiological measurements (heart rate, respiratory rate, chest skin temperature and tri-axis accelerometer data); intermittent maternal tympanic core temperature, four point skin temperature, blood pressure; intermittent fetal heart rate and, if eligible, umbilical artery doppler; intermittent environmental measurements of air temperature, humidity, solar radiation and wind speed. Venous blood and urine will be collected at beginning and end of day for biomarkers of heat strain or fetal distress and hydration status.
Using country-level variables to classify countries according to the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases: An unsupervised machine learning approach
Authors: Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M. , Castillo-Cara Manuel
Published: March 2020

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has attracted the attention of researchers and clinicians whom have provided evidence about risk factors and clinical outcomes. Research on the COVID-19 pandemic benefiting from open-access data and machine learning algorithms is still scarce yet can produce relevant and pragmatic information. With country-level pre-COVID-19-pandemic variables, we aimed to cluster countries in groups with shared profiles of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Unsupervised machine learning algorithms (k-means) were used to define data-driven clusters of countries; the algorithm was informed by disease prevalence estimates, metrics of air pollution, socio-economic status and health system coverage. Using the one-way ANOVA test, we compared the clusters in terms of number of confirmed COVID-19 cases, number of deaths, case fatality rate and order in which the country reported the first case.

Results: The model to define the clusters was developed with 155 countries. The model with three principal component analysis parameters and five or six clusters showed the best ability to group countries in relevant sets. There was strong evidence that the model with five or six clusters could stratify countries according to the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases (p<0.001). However, the model could not stratify countries in terms of number of deaths or case fatality rate.

Conclusions: A simple data-driven approach using available global information before the COVID-19 pandemic, seemed able to classify countries in terms of the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. The model was not able to stratify countries based on COVID-19 mortality data.
Social forecasting and planning
Authors: Len'kov Roman
Published: March 2020

The tutorial describes the preconditions of sociopragmatics research in Russia on the background of evolutionary processes of social prognostics of the twentieth century. Considered the essential characteristics of social forecasting, its subject and range of issues. Based on analysis of classification schemes methods of scientific forecasting offers the author's approach to classification of methods of social forecasting. Special attention is paid to the description of the characteristics, the specific application and selection procedure of the ways of making social predictions.
Theoretical and applied analysis of the foundations of social design, the direction of its implementation and research methods used for it. The conceptual basis of design in education on the example of the educational process in the University. Given the model structure, rationale and testing of design solutions.
The third edition of the book is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the State University of management.
Meets the current requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education.
For students of higher educational institutions, students of humanitarian directions and specialities.
Differentiation Strategies in the Adoption of Environmental Standards: LEED from 2000 to 2014
Authors: Rysman Marc , Simcoe Timothy , Wang Yanfei
Published: March 2020

We study the role of vertical differentiation in the adoption of LEED (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design), a multitier environmental building certification system. Our identification strategy relies on the timing of adoption and shows that builders seek to differentiate from each other by choosing a different certification level from previously certified buildings. A common concern in this framework is that mean-reverting behavior could be mistaken for differentiation. We develop a new method for establishing the importance of strategic interactions based on simulating from a model with independent choice and unobserved heterogeneity, and showing that such a model cannot generate the level of interaction that we observe. Finally, we estimate a model that incorporates both differentiation incentives and correlated market-level unobservables and use our estimates from this model to simulate the impact of reducing the number of LEED tiers from four to two. The simulations indicate that environmental investments depend on the location of the threshold between tiers.

This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
why am i here? the challenges of exploring children's existential questions in the community of inquiry
Authors: Zanetti Luca
Published: March 2020

Children ask existential questions, that is, questions about death, the meaning of existence, free will, God, the origin of everything, and kindred questions. P4/wC has the aspiration to give to children the occasion to discover and explore their questions in a safe environment, the community of inquiry. Thus, existential questioning should be possible in a community of inquiry. However, it is unclear whether the pedagogy of the community of inquiry can accommodate existential questioning. The chief trouble is that existential questioning might be a cause of suffering: children might be unable to contain the emotional intensity that is experienced when we inquire about topics like death and the meaning of existence. In a community of inquiry, the emphasis over the community and the autonomy that children experience in choosing the questions for their inquiry might create occasions of suffering: some children might not be prepared to discuss existential issues or might be troubled by the candidate answers they explore and eventually end up to endorse. In this paper I highlight some of the main challenges that we need to face if we want to make room for existential questioning in the community of inquiry.
Biscoitos integrais: legislação pertinente e percepção do consumidor
Authors: Parise Thayla Diana , Coser Marceli Pitt
Published: March 2020

Inúmeros benefícios são atribuídos aos alimentos integrais, especialmente pela concentração de fibras nesses produtos. Sabe-se que biscoitos integrais compõem a dieta dos consumidores, sendo a rotulagem o principal meio de comunicação entre indústria produtora e consumidores, e que não existe legislação específica para essa categoria de alimentos. Assim, este trabalho objetivou verificar se as informações e/ou discursos nutricionais presentes nos rótulos de biscoitos integrais estão de acordo com a legislação geral de rotulagem, e também averiguar a percepção dos consumidores frente às alegações, bem como sua preferência e consumo desses produtos. O estudo foi realizado em três supermercados da cidade de Videira-SC e contemplou duas etapas: análise de rótulos por meio de check-list e aplicação de questionário com consumidores. Os resultados evidenciaram inadequações, destacando-se a utilização de informações não previstas em lei, que podem induzir o consumidor a erros. Quanto à percepção dos consumidores, estes majoritariamente acreditam que para um alimento ser considerado integral, deve conter no mínimo 50% dessa fonte de ingrediente, e os associam a benefícios à saúde. Verifica-se a necessidade de desenvolver ações que promovam educação nutricional, bem como rigidez, cumprimento das leis vigentes e novos planejamentos de normas técnicas específicas para alimentos integrais, a fim de estabelecer critérios quanto à determinação desse grupo de alimentos.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida em usuários do Centro de Referência em Obesidade (CRO), Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Da Silva Rayane Rebelo Barbosa , Damião Jorginete De Jesus , Bustamante Carlos Gabriel
Published: March 2020

A obesidade é um grave e crescente problema de saúde pública,  e está associada ao aumento de comorbidades e diminuição da qualidade de vida. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a percepção sobre a qualidade de vida de usuários do Centro de Referência em Obesidade (CRO) da unidade de Acari, Rio de Janeiro, em dois momentos: antes e durante o tratamento para obesidade grave. O protocolo de acompanhamento dos usuários do CRO inclui a avaliação da qualidade de vida, usando o questionário SF-36. Foram selecionados 58 prontuários de usuários com obesidade grau III, de ambos os sexos, que entraram no serviço entre agosto de 2012 e dezembro de 2016, e que possuíam dois questionários SF-36 preenchidos. Descreveram-se a média e o desvio padrão para as variáveis contínuas, e as frequências de variáveis categóricas. Para comparar a evolução dos escores de qualidade de vida,  para as variáveis com distribuição paramétrica foi realizado o teste T pareado, e para as variáveis com distribuição não paramétrica, o teste de Wilcoxon. Utilizou-se para a análise dos dados o programa Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), versão 19. Os resultados dos dois questionários foram analisados e comparados. Os oito domínios (aspectos físicos, capacidade funcional, estado geral de saúde, dor, vitalidade, aspectos sociais, aspectos emocionais e saúde mental) apresentaram escores maiores na segunda aplicação do SF-36 (p<0,05), ou seja, houve melhoria da percepção da qualidade de vida em todos os domínios avaliados pelo instrumento, o que parece apontar o impacto positivo do modelo de cuidado multidisciplinar experimentado pelo serviço.
Evolução temporal de exames bioquímicos em mulheres privadas de liberdade
Authors: Viana Bagni Ursula , Pires Martins Yarhima Giannina , Silva de Lima Ana Karla , Oliveira Medeiros Naiara , Dias Inocêncio Barbosa Ana Paula , Pereira Soares Silva Nayara
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: Investigar a evolução de parâmetros bioquímicos em mulheres privadas de liberdade. Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospectivo, envolvendo a totalidade da população feminina encarcerada em regime fechado de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Foram comparados exames bioquímicos (glicemia de jejum, colesterol total, triglicerídeos, LDL-c, HDL-c, não-HDL-c), realizados nos anos de 2012 (n=180) e 2015 (n=89), por meio dos testes de Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon e Qui-quadrado. Resultados: Verificou-se elevada prevalência de HDL-c baixo, de Não HDL-c elevado e de hipertrigliceridemia isolada em ambos os anos do estudo. Após três anos de encarceramento, a coorte de detentas apresentou elevação nas concentrações da glicemia de jejum (62,2mg/dL para 87,9mg/dL, p<0,001), colesterol total (163,3mg/dL para 184,9mg/dL, p=0,007), não-HDL-c (120,8mg/dL para 138,2mg/dL, p=0,023), triglicerídeos (96,7mg/dL para 150,2mg/dL, p=0,024) e HDL-c (42,5mg/dL para 46,7mg/dL, p=0,012). Conclusão: Durante o encarceramento, ocorreram importantes alterações bioquímicas que podem favorecer o desenvolvimento e agravamento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, evidenciando a necessidade de intensificar as ações de saúde no ambiente prisional.
MEDIAÇÃO DIGITAL NA AQUISIÇÃO DA LEITURA E ESCRITA DE SURDOS: análise linguístico-discursiva da produção textual a partir do gênero mensagem instantânea
Authors: Calixto Hector Renan da Silveira , Lobato Huber Kline Guedes , Bentes José Anchieta de Oliveira
Published: March 2020

Este estudo origina-se do uso de tecnologias digitais como instrumento cultural de aprendizagem. No referido estudo objetiva-se analisar a produção escrita de educandos surdos, que estudavam no contra-turno em uma sala de recursos multifuncionais na cidade de Belém - Pará. As formas escritas analisadas neste trabalho são de quatro educandos que participaram de uma atividade mediada por um professor especialista em educação especial, com uso de intrumento digital, mais precisamente o gênero mensagem instantânea. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, a partir do tipo de análise linguistico-discursiva da produção textual. Os textos produzidos pelos alunos surdos foram organizados aos seguintes níveis de escrita: estágio pré-inicial, estágio inicial, estágio intermediário e estágio avançado da escrita. De maneira geral as produções textuais que os surdos criaram e que serviram de base para este trabalho não podem ser percebidas com características negativas, pois possuem especificidades linguistico-discursivas baseadas na Língua de Sinais.
Clinical outcome of posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty using an increased flexion gap in patients with preoperative stiffness
Authors: Boettner Friedrich , Sculco Peter , Faschingbauer Martin , Rueckl Kilian , Windhager Reinhard , Kasparek Maximilian F.
Published: March 2020

Aims

To compare patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with ≤ 80° range of movement (ROM) operated with a 2 mm increase in the flexion gap with matched non-stiff patients with at least 100° of preoperative ROM and balanced flexion and extension gaps.

Methods

In a retrospective cohort study, 98 TKAs (91 patients) with a preoperative ROM of ≤ 80° were examined. Mean follow-up time was 53 months (24 to 112). All TKAs in stiff knees were performed with a 2 mm increased flexion gap. Data were compared to a matched control group of 98 TKAs (86 patients) with a mean follow-up of 43 months (24 to 89). Knees in the control group had a preoperative ROM of at least 100° and balanced flexion and extension gaps. In all stiff and non-stiff knees posterior stabilized (PS) TKAs with patellar resurfacing in combination with adequate soft tissue balancing were used.

Results

Overall mean ROM in stiff knees increased preoperatively from 67° (0° to 80°) to 114° postoperatively (65° to 135°) (p < 0.001). Mean knee flexion improved from 82° (0° to 110°) to 115° (65° to 135°) and mean flexion contracture decreased from 14° (0° to 50°) to 1° (0° to 10°) (p < 0.001). The mean Knee Society Score (KSS) improved from 34 (0 to 71) to 88 (38 to 100) (p < 0.001) and the KSS Functional Score from 43 (0 to 70) to 86 (0 to 100). Seven knees (7%) required manipulations under anaesthesia (MUA) and none of the knees had flexion instability. The mean overall ROM in the control group improved from 117° (100° to 140°) to 123° (100° to 130°) (p < 0.001). Mean knee flexion improved from 119° (100° to 140°) to 123° (100° to 130°) (p < 0.001) and mean flexion contracture decreased from 2° (0° to 15°) to 0° (0° to 5°) (p < 0.001). None of the knees in the control group had flexion instability or required MUA. The mean KSS Knee Score improved from 48 (0 to 80) to 94 (79 to 100) (p < 0.001) and the KSS Functional Score from 52 (5 to 100) to 95 (60 to 100) (p < 0.001). Mean improvement in ROM (p < 0.001) and KSS Knee Score (p = 0.017) were greater in knees with preoperative stiffness compared with the control group, but the KSS Functional Score improvement was comparable (p = 0.885).

Conclusion

TKA with a 2 mm increased flexion gap provided a significant improvement of ROM in knees with preoperative stiffness. While the improvement in ROM was greater, the absolute postoperative ROM was less than in matched non-stiff knees. PS TKA with patellar resurfacing and a 2 mm increased flexion gap, in combination with adequate soft tissue balancing, provides excellent ROM and knee function when stiffness of the knee had been present preoperatively. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(4):426–433.
Clinical and radiological outcomes of minimally-invasive surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis at a minimum two years’ follow-up
Authors: de Bodman Charlotte , Ansorge Alexandre , Tabard-Fougère Anne , Amirghasemi Nicolas , Dayer Romain
Published: March 2020

Aims

The direct posterior approach with subperiosteal dissection of the paraspinal muscles from the vertebrae is considered to be the standard approach for the surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). We investigated whether or not a minimally-invasive surgery (MIS) technique could offer improved results.

Methods

Consecutive AIS patients treated with an MIS technique at two tertiary centres from June 2013 to March 2016 were retrospectively included. Preoperative patient deformity characteristics, perioperative parameters, power of deformity correction, and complications were studied. A total of 93 patients were included. The outcome of the first 25 patients and the latter 68 were compared as part of our safety analysis to examine the effect of the learning curve.

Results

In the first 25 cases, with a mean follow-up of 5.6 years (standard deviation (SD) 0.4), the mean preoperative major Cobb angle was 57.6° (SD 9.8°) and significantly corrected to mean 15.4° (SD 5.6°, 73% curve correction). The mean preoperative T5-T12 was 26.2 (SD 12.8) and significantly increased to mean 32.9 (SD 8.3). Both frontal and sagittal plane correction was conserved two years after surgery. The rate of perioperative complications was 12% and three further complications occurred (three deep delayed infection). In the latter cases, 68 patients were included with a mean follow-up time of three years (SD 0.6). The mean preoperative major Cobb angle was 58.4° (SD 9.2°) and significantly corrected to mean 20.4° (SD 7.3°).The mean preoperative T5-T12 kyphosis was 26.6° (SD 12.8°) and was significantly increased to mean 31.4° (SD 8.3°). Both frontal and sagittal correction was conserved two years after surgery. The perioperative (30 day) complication rate was 1.4%. Two (2.9%) additional complications occurred in two patients.

Conclusion

MIS for AIS is associated with a significant correction of spine deformity in the frontal and sagittal planes, together with low estimated blood loss and short length of stay. The perioperative complication rate seems to be lower compared with the standard open technique based on the literature data. The longer-term safety of MIS for AIS needs to be documented with a larger cohort and compared with the standard posterior approach. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(4):506–512.
Environmental factors influence on flowering and fruiting period of selected essential oil plants from Annonaceae
Authors: Lestari Dewi Ayu , Fiqa Abban Putri
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Lestari DA, Fiqa AP. 2020. Environmental factors influence on flowering and fruiting period of selected essential oil plants from Annonaceae. Biodiversitas 21: 910-921. Many species of Annonaceae family in tropics produce fragrances, due to the active ingredients for essential oils. Since the abundant of flower and fruit production, basic knowledge of flowering and fruiting periods needs to be known. The aim of this study was to determine influence of environmental factors to selected essential oil plants flowering and fruiting period from Annonaceae family, i.e. Artabotrys suaveolens, Cananga odorata, Desmos chinensis, Dasymaschalon borneense, Fissistigma latifolium, and Xylopia malayana. Observations were made throughout the year during dry and rainy season, with each phase carried out scoring qualitatively based on its abundance in plant canopy. Data on environmental factors (temperature, humidity, and rainfall intensity) were obtained from Registration Unit, Purwodadi Botanic Garden (PBG). Data of flowering and fruiting period were analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel, while the influence of environmental factors to flowering and fruiting period was analyzed by Biplot with Past 3.0. statistic program. Flowering period occurred in wet months at the end of year (November-December), while fruiting period occurred in long dry month. Initiation and bloom of flowering were influenced by temperature, while fruiting period was largely influenced by humidity and rainfall intensity, except for C. odorata whose fruiting period was influenced by temperature.

Key words: Annonaceae, environmental factors, essential oils, flowering, fruiting
Molecular characterization of lactic acid bacteria producing edible biofilm isolated from kimchi
Authors: FADILLA SAPALINA  , Retnaningrum Endah
Published: March 2020

Biofilm is a community of microorganisms that interrelated and covered by an extracellular polymer matrix. This biofilm can be produced by Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which was edible for human and animal.  Therefore, it possible to be applied in the food and health industry. One source of LAB is kimchi, as fermented food from Korea and it has good benefits for health. This research aimed to obtain LAB from kimchi that can produce edible biofilms and to identify LAB producing edible biofilms based on the 16S rRNA gene. Isolation of lactic acid bacteria from kimchi cultured in MRS agar medium containing 1% CaCO3, biofilm production test with biofilm assay method and zeolite as a substrate to adherent cells. For amplification of 16S rRNA gene used primer 27F and 1492R. The isolate of KA2, KA5, KB1, and KC4 isolated from kimchi and could produce biofilms with the highest biofilm formation at 48 hours incubation time. Based on molecular identification with 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the four isolates identified as Lactobacillus brevis species.
Avian diversity in geothermal power plant areas: Case studies in Kamojang, Darajat, and Gunung Salak, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: TEGUH HUSODO  , KHEMAL PASHA MOCHTAN  , Shanida Sya Sya , SYAHRAS FATHIN AMINUDDIN  , INDRI WULANDARI  , IRWANANDA SATRIA PUTRA  , ERRI NOVIAR MEGANTARA
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Husodo T, Mochtan KP, Shanida SS, Aminuddin SF, Wulandari I, Putra IS, Megantara EN. 2020. Avian diversity in geothermal power plant areas: Case studies in Kamojang, Darajat, and Gunung Salak, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1049-1059. Land cover changes that occur in the development of industrial areas have impact on the quality of biophysical and socio-economic environments. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of birds (avifauna) in three geothermal power plant areas in West Jawa Province, Indonesia (i.e., Kamojang, Darajat, and Gunung Salak). Transect and spotlighting methods were conducted in this study. We found that areas around geothermal power plant in Gunung Salak had the highest diversity of bird species with 105 species from 43 families, followed by Kamojang with 82 species from 34 families, and Darajat with 80 species from 40 families. In total, there were 134 species from 51 families in which two species are Endangered (EN) under the IUCN Red List category, five are endemic to Java, 11 are protected by CITES Appendix II and 14 are protected by national regulations. The presence of some birds was an indicator of ecosystem condition and functioning, including indicator of food chain, quality of water, quality of natural habitat, condition of riparian habitat, and the condition of open or disturbed habitat. Some birds were also associated with particular habitats, such as natural forests, riparians, a combination of natural forests and open habitats, tea plantations, and craters. The results of this study can be used as baseline information about the state of the surrounding environment in the three geothermal power plant areas and as a reference in biodiversity management in the future.
Short communication: The crustaceans fauna from Natuna Islands (Indonesia) using three different sampling methods
Authors: Pratiwi Rianta , DEWI ELFIDASARI
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Pratiwi R, Elfidasari D. 2020. Short communication: The crustaceans fauna from Natuna Islands (Indonesia) using three different sampling methods. Biodiversitas 21: 1215-1226. Research on crustacean fauna has been carried out in Natuna waters. Natuna is the outer islands of Indonesia which is still very abundant in fisheries resources including crustaceans. Unfortunately, research on crustaceans is rarely carried out there, especially on the islands around Natuna. Therefore research and information about fisheries, especially crustaceans are needed. The study was conducted on 12-29 April 2011 and sampling locations around the Bunguran Islands, Sedanu, Kognang, Batang, and Sebangmawang. The sampling collection was focused on three different sampling methods, namely: bottom trawling, transects, and free collection. The purpose of this study is to find out which method is best used in crustacean fauna research and it is expected that the crustacean data obtained can add information about crustacean fauna found in the Natuna Islands. Crustacean fauna, which were collected, showed that species from basic trawlers numbered 66 species, 41 species were from transects and 101 species was from free collections. The total number of individuals from the bottom trawl were 746, from the transect were 65 and from the free collection were 704. From the results of the study using three different methods have advantages and disadvantages of each method. The best method used is the free collection method and bottom trawling, because it can collect many crustacean species.
Short Communication: Sarocladium oryzae associated with sheath rot disease of rice in Indonesia
Authors: Pramunadipta Syafiqa , Widiastuti Ani , Wibowo Arif , Suga Haruhisa , - Achmadi Priyatmojo
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Pramunadipta S, Widiastuti A, Wibowo A, Suga H, Priyatmojo A. 2020. Short Communication: Sarocladium oryzae associated with sheath rot disease of rice in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1243-1249. One of the obstacles in increasing rice production is the presence of sheath rot pathogen infection, which causes changes in color on the rice sheath to brown or reddish-brown, sometimes does not produce rice grain. The major fungal pathogens that cause sheath rot disease are Sarocladium oryzae and Fusarium spp. The loss of rice yields reaches 85%. The disease found in six provinces, some of which are the largest rice-producing centers in Indonesia. A total of twenty-four Sarocladium sp. were isolated from leaf sheath symptom on potato dextrose agar and water agar medium. Sheath rot pathogen identification based on molecular method was performed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA gene sequencing. Necrosis occurs after artificial inoculation in Ciherang rice variety was observed and showed that all isolates were pathogenic. Morphological characterization of the isolates identified them as Sarocladium sp. Molecular identification showed that six representatives isolates belonging to S. oryzae. These findings are important information about the fungal pathogen that causes sheath rot disease in Indonesia, and in studies for formulating control measures of the pathogen in the future to prevent the disease epidemic on rice. This is the first report about the existence of sheath rot disease, morphological characterization and molecular identification of S. oryzae in various rice fields in Indonesia.
Revisiting the phenomenon of "going green to be seen" with actual consumption
Authors: Marchand André , Schöndeling Andrea , Gros Elena , Schaeffer David , Kirsch Sascha Dirk
Published: March 2020

Purpose
 This research empirically reanalyses lab findings by Griskevicius, Tybur and Van den Bergh (2010) that activating status motives evokes increased desire for green products.
 Design/methodology/approach
 The researchers conduct an
online and a field experiment with actual consumption. They compare the results of intended versus actual green consumption.
 Findings
 The results reveal a significantly reduced preference for green products in public settings that require actual consumption, compared
with privately stated choice intentions.
 Limitations
 This study is limited to ice cream as a typical hedonic product. Future studies should investigate for further product categories (e. g., utilitarian, more expensive products) whether the difference between hypothetical
and actual behaviour can also be confirmed there.
 Implications
 Marketers can use the insights of this study to define their strategy to approach potential customers who may have a true desire for green consumption or sustainability, but also those who mainly seek
social status, because they can link sustainability to status.
 Contribution This study extends the original study by investigating actual instead of hypothetical consumption decisions, as well as addressing food instead of durable product choices. These studies take place
about ten years later and in a different country than the original study.
MAl2O4 (M=Ba, Mg) photocatalytic activity dependence on annealing atmosphere
Authors: Mumanga Takawira J. , Armando Diaz-Torres Luis , Montes Eduardo , Gómez-Solís Christian
Published: March 2020

Aluminate spinel type

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(M=Ba or Mg) materials prepared using the combustion synthesis method were annealed either in an air or carbon atmosphere. The materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectra, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Their photocatalytic activity was evaluated for the dye degradation and hydrogen evolution. Methylene blue (15 ppm) was completely degraded using the air-annealed barium aluminate after 90 min, while a maximum hydrogen generation rate of

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was achieved using the carbon-annealed magnesium aluminate. The results suggest that air-annealed photocatalysts are suitable for oxidation-dependent reactions, while carbon annealing may enhance reduction-dependent reactions.
Foveal scanning based on an optical-phases array
Authors: Cao Jie , Li Yidong , Zhou Dong , Zhang Fang Hua , Zhang Kaiyu , Tang Mingyuan , Wang Xiangru , Hao Qun
Published: March 2020

We utilize the space-variant structure of the human fovea as a basis for a novel, to the best of our knowledge, foveal approach based on optical-phases array (OPA). This approach can be used to solve issues in 3D imaging and achieve a large field of view and high resolution with real-time application. A foveal scanning model based on the OPA is established. Simulations and experiments are performed to verify the models and illustrate the advantages of foveal scanning compared with traditional raster scanning. Simulations agree well with the theory, and the foveal approach has higher efficiency than traditional raster scanning. These results can serve as a reference for developing biomimetic sensors that mimic the human eye.
Detection and closed-loop control of piston errors for a Fizeau imaging interferometer
Authors: Jiang Aimin , Dong Zhichao , Xue Jianwei , Dai Yanfeng , Wang Sen , Wang Jingyu
Published: March 2020

In the Fizeau imaging interferometer testbed we recently built, the optical path difference (OPD; i.e., piston error) among three sub-telescopes should be corrected for phased imaging to enhance the spatial resolution. This study presents the detection of the OPD via a dispersed fringe sensor (DFS) method and its closed-loop control. The retrieval of the OPD from a dispersed fringe map is a fast-Fourier-transform-based DFS method, which indicates in theory that the OPD has a linear relationship with the displacement of the secondary peaks in the Fourier spectrum of the dispersed fringe map. Then the design and alignment of the OPD detection module are presented, as well as the OPD compensation module with a two-level motion stage. A unique benefit of the fast-Fourier-transform-based DFS is high time efficiency for closed-loop control; for a window of

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, a 932 Hz computation rate was achieved by dedicated electrical hardware, which is significant for the distributed satellite formation-flying platform. The experiments validated (1) that the detection range of the DFS is more than

±

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m

, (2) that the OPD has a fine-line relationship with the secondary peak displacement, (3) the feasibility of the DFS method used for closed-loop control, and (4) that an OPD control precision of 0.0593 µm RMS is achieved.
Echo decomposition of full-waveform LiDAR based on a digital implicit model and a particle swarm optimization
Authors: Chen Ruiqiang , Bian Haiyi , Hou Chunyan , Fang Li , Zhang Ou
Published: March 2020

In the waveform decomposition of full-waveform LiDAR, the Gaussian model (GSM) and the generalized Gaussian model (GGSM) are widely used to extract echoes from return waveforms. However, those models have explicit functions that follow specific distribution shapes, so they are suitable only for decomposing echo waveforms with similar shapes. This paper introduces a digital implicit model (DIM) and presents a universal decomposition method for the full-waveform LiDAR. In this method, the decomposition model is considered to be an implicit function, associated with a digital template waveform library, whose optimization is implemented by a modified particle swarm algorithm. The template waveform library is a customized fingerprint for any special full-waveform LiDAR, so the DIM can deal effectively with infinite echoes with arbitrary shapes. A full-waveform LiDAR system with asymmetric echo distribution is designed to compare the decomposition performances among the GSM, GGSM, and DIM. Experimental results show that, when decomposing the return waveform containing a single echo, the normalized sum of squares due to fitting error (SSE) of the DIM can be 60 times lower than the GSM and the GGSM. By comparing the estimation accuracies of the amplitude, the FWHM and the location of the echo component, the DIM has the best decomposition performance and the best ranging accuracy (subcentimeter level) among the three models; when decomposing the return waveform containing three overlapping echoes, the normalized SSE of the DIM can be 28 times lower than the GSM and 12 times lower than the GGSM. By comparing the estimation accuracies of the amplitude, FWHM, and location of echoes components, the DIM has the best decomposition performance and best ranging accuracy (centimeter level) among the three models.
Optimal breast cancer diagnostic strategy using combined ultrasound and diffuse optical tomography
Authors: Uddin K. M. Shihab , Zhang Menghao , Anastasio Mark , Zhu Quing
Published: March 2020

Ultrasound (US)-guided near-infrared diffuse optical tomography (DOT) has demonstrated great potential as an adjunct breast cancer diagnosis tool to US imaging alone, especially in reducing unnecessary benign biopsies. However, DOT data processing and image reconstruction speeds remain slow compared to the real-time speed of US. Real-time or near real-time diagnosis with DOT is an important step toward the clinical translation of US-guided DOT. Here, to address this important need, we present a two-stage diagnostic strategy that is both computationally efficient and accurate. In the first stage, benign lesions are identified in near real-time by use of a random forest classifier acting on the DOT measurements and the radiologists’ US diagnostic scores. Any lesions that cannot be reliably classified by the random forest classifier will be passed on to the second stage which begins with image reconstruction. Functional information from the reconstructed hemoglobin concentrations is employed by a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier for diagnosis at the end of the second stage. This two-step classification approach which combines both perturbation data and functional features, results in improved classification, as denoted by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Using this two-step approach, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) is 0.937 ± 0.009, with a sensitivity of 91.4% and specificity of 85.7%. In comparison, using functional features and US score yields an AUC of 0.892 ± 0.027, with a sensitivity of 90.2% and specificity of 74.5%. Most notably, the specificity is increased by more than 10% due to the implementation of the random forest classifier.