bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partial 5p Gain and 15q Loss in Three Patients from a Family with a t(5;15)(p13.3;q26.3) Translocation
Authors: Bellucco Fernanda T. , Favilla Bianca P. , Perrone Eduardo , Melaragno Maria I.
Published: December 2020

Several patients with 5p duplication or 15q deletion have been reported in the literature, involving different chromosome regions and clinical features. Here, we describe a family in which we identified a 30-Mb 5p15.33p13.3 gain and a 2.5-Mb 15q26.3 loss in 3 individuals, due to a balanced familial translocation between chromosomes 5p and 15q. They presented a similar combination of clinical findings related to their genetic imbalances, but there were also phenotypic differences between them. Our analyses show that their clinical picture is mostly caused by the loss in 15q and not the gain in 5p, despite its much larger size. Our findings suggest that other genes, besides the IGF1R gene, in the 15q26.3 region, such as the CHSY1 gene, may have a great impact on the clinical picture of the syndrome. Our data emphasize the importance of detailed cytogenomic and clinical analyses for an accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and genetic counseling, providing an opportunity to improve genotype-phenotype correlations of patients with partial 5p duplication and 15q deletion syndromes.
Management and Outcome of Venous Thrombosis in Patients with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Data from the Israeli MPN Working Group
Authors: Gutwein Odit , Lavi Noa , Barzilai Merav , Shacham-Abulafia Adi , Leader Avi , Chubar Evgeni , Dally Najib , Shapira Shirley , Mishchenko Elena , Ellis Martin , Koren-Michowitz Maya
Published: December 2020

The BCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are associated with high incidence of venous thrombosis and a significant rate of recurrent events, but there is no consensus regarding their management. In this retrospective study, we analyzed 96 patients with MPN-related venous thrombosis. The index venous thrombosis occurred at a median age of 58 years (IQR 37–71), with 58% of the events involving unusual sites. Patients who were on antiplatelet agents at the time of index thrombosis tended to be older than patients who were not receiving antiplatelets at the time of index thrombosis. The majority of index thromboses occurring after the diagnosis of MPN had uncontrolled blood counts at the time of event and were not receiving antithrombotic agents. Following the thrombotic episode, 75% of patients received long-term anticoagulation. At a median follow-up of 3.4 years, the recurrence rate was 14%. Thrombophilia was significantly more prevalent among patients with recurrent thrombosis compared to patients without recurrence (p < 0.01). Patients who developed a recurrent event early were more likely to have thrombophilia (either inherited or antiphospholipid antibodies), and controlled blood counts, and were likely to receive anticoagulation at the time of recurrence compared to patients with later recurrences. Thrombophilia may contribute to venous thrombosis recurrence, especially early after the index venous thrombosis. Suboptimal anticoagulation and blood count control are factors associated with late venous thrombosis recurrence.
Role of Cytology in the Current Guidelines for Malignant Mesothelioma: Largest Study from India
Authors: Kaur Kanwalpreet , Patel Trupti , Samanta Satrupa , Patra Sanjiban , Trivedi Priti
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Cytology provides crucial window for early diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MM) since it is often the first and easily available material for evaluation, resulting in early treatment. Still, its role is overlooked in the current treatment guidelines. The aim of this study is to determine the sensitivity of cytomorphology and role of subsequent ancillary techniques in diagnosing MM. Methods: This is a 5-year retrospective analysis of MM in the tertiary oncology center to determine sensitivity of cytomorphology and subsequent role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in final diagnosis of MM according to the guidelines for cytopathologic diagnosis of epithelioid and mixed-type malignant mesothelioma (GCDMM) laid by International Mesothelioma Interest Group. Cytomorphology and immunocytochemistry from effusions and fine needle aspirations were analyzed. Results: Sixty-two of 128 cases of MM had cytology and cytomorphological criteria described in GCDMM were fulfilled in 61.3% cases. Architectural atypia was useful in identifying cases with low cytological atypia. Overall sensitivity of cytomorphology was 73.01%. Sensitivity of effusion cytology was 77.8%. Subsequent IHC on cell blocks revealed the sensitivity as 100% for mesothelin, calretinin, and cytokeratin 5/6; 87.5% for thrombomodulin; and 50% for WT1, while CEA and TTF1 showed 100% specificity. Treatment was given based on final diagnosis of MM given after IHC on cytology material in only 25.8% cases. However, it was possible in additional 35.5% cases. Mean survival was 10 months when diagnosed by cytology, compared to 7 months by histology. Conclusions: Rather than ignoring the role of cytology in the diagnosis and treatment guidelines for MM, it is important to understand its strengths and limitations. Standardized guidelines in future can play an important role in more streamlined communication between cytopathologist and clinician.
Minimal Residual Disease Eradication by Azacitidine Maintenance in a Patient with Core-Binding Factor Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yucel Orhan Kemal , Alemdar Mustafa Serkan , Atas Unal , Undar Levent
Published: December 2020

Although core-binding factor AML (CBF-AML) has a favorable outcome, disease relapses occur in up to 35% of patients. Minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring is one of the important tools to enable us to identify patients at high risk of relapse. Real-time quantitative PCR allows MRD to be measured with high sensitivity in CBF-AML. If the patient with CBF-AML is in complete morphologic remission but MRD positive at the end of treatment, what to do for those is still uncertain. Preemptive intervention approaches such as allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or intensive chemotherapy could be an option or another strategy might be just follow-up until overt relapse developed. Although using hypomethylating agents as a maintenance therapy has not been widely explored, here, we report a case with CBF-AML who was still positive for MRD after induction/consolidation therapies and whose MRD was eradicated by azacitidine maintenance.
Challenges in Clinical Nutrition during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Katsagoni Christina N. 
Published: December 2020

The viral epidemic caused by the new Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the new Coronavirus disease-2019 (Covid-19). Fifteen percent of the Covid-19 patients will require hospital stay, and 10% of them will need urgent respiratory and hemodynamic support in the intensive care unit (ICU). Covid-19 is an infectious disease characterized by inflammatory syndrome, itself leading to reduced food intake and increased muscle catabolism. Therefore Covid-19 patients are at high risk of being malnourished, making the prevention of malnutrition and the nutritional management key aspects of care. Urgent, brutal and massive arrivals of patients needing urgent respiratory care and artificial ventilation lead to the necessity to reorganize hospital care, wards and staff. In that context, nutritional screening and care may not be considered a priority. Moreover, at the start of the epidemic, due to mask and other protecting material shortage, the risk of healthcare givers contamination have led to not using enteral nutrition, although indicated, because nasogastric tube insertion is an aerosol-generating procedure. Clinical nutrition practice based on the international guidelines should therefore adapt and the use of degraded procedures could unfortunately be the only way. Based on the experience from the first weeks of the epidemic in France, we emphasize ten challenges for clinical nutrition practice. The objective is to bring objective answers to the most frequently met issues to help the clinical nutrition caregivers to promote nutritional care in the hospitalized Covid-19 patient. We propose a flow chart for optimizing the nutrition management of the Covid-19 patients in the non-ICU wards.
A dessacralização das ciências sociais da religião no Brasil nas trilhas de Weber, Bourdieu e Pierucci
Authors: Dos Santos Renan William
Published: December 2020

O artigo procura reconstruir a repercussão da crítica bourdieusiana à produção sociológica sobre os fenômenos religiosos, a qual aponta para a dificuldade que perpassa o envolvimento do pesquisador com seu objeto de estudo. Na sociologia da religião praticada no Brasil, tal crítica suscitou (e ainda suscita) intenso debate, sobretudo após ter sido mobilizada com intenção declaradamente polemista por um dos ícones dessa área no contexto nacional, Antônio Flávio Pierucci. A intenção aqui é não apenas analisar como a discussão se desdobrou e os argumentos mobilizados ao longo da controvérsia, mas também reafirmar a importância dos postulados de Bourdieu, defendendo a pertinência de seu uso na interpretação da dinâmica religiosa em nosso país.
As subjetividades coletivas e as províncias prático-hermenêuticas da vida social
Authors: Domingues José Maurício
Published: December 2020

Este artigo articula uma alternativa, baseada na teoria da subjetividade coletiva, a algumas das mais correntes perspectivas conceituais que tratam de sistemas sociais específicos nas formações sociais altamente diferenciadas e complexas da modernidade. Em lugar dos conceitos de “campo” ou “esferas”, mas em parte reconhecendo sua pertinência, o artigo propõe a concepção de subjetividades coletivas como províncias prático-hermenêuticas que atravessam o conjunto da vida social. Para demonstrar a efetividade da conceituação e elaborá-la em detalhe, o texto debruça-se sobre a dimensão política da modernidade, destacando-se o sistema político (tanto estatal como societal) e o Estado de modo geral, com breve incursão pelas províncias da “cultura” e da arte.
Redes de proteção e a decantação dos direitos das crianças
Authors: Burgos Marcelo Baumann
Published: December 2020

O Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, aprovado em 1990, instala no país um modelo radicalmente novo de educação das novas gerações. Entre essas novidades, está a ideia de que o direito da criança deve ser difundido e administrado por um conjunto de atores que atuariam em rede. Baseado em uma pesquisa empírica sobre alguns desses atores, este artigo pretende discutir a forma como o direito da criança vem sendo compartilhado, e como a noção polissêmica de rede informa suas práticas. De modo mais específico, procura-se dar conta da forma como escolas, conselhos tutelares, promotorias especializadas na infância e adolescência, e centros de referência em assistência social lidam com o direito da criança e com sua operacionalização em rede.
Máximo Sozzo. La inflación punitiva: un análisis comparativo de las mutaciones del derecho penal en América Latina (1990-2015)
Authors: Orban Vanessa
Published: December 2020

Resenha do livro de Maximo Sozzo, La Inflación Punitiva. Un análisis comparativo de las mutaciones del derecho penal en América Latina (1990-2015), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Flacso/Café de las Ciudades, 2017.
Race and Criminology through the lens of a sociologist
Authors: Simões-Gomes Letícia Pereira , Dos Reis Peron Alcides Eduardo
Published: December 2020

Interview with Natalie Byfield, sociologist and associate professor at St. John's University, Queens.
Apresentação
Authors: Alvarez Marcos César , Sozzo Maximo , Santiago Santos Mariana Chies
Published: December 2020

Apresentação do Dossiê "Sociologia e Criminologia: sobreposições, tensões e conflitos"
Conhecimento de universitárias sobre os riscos e benefícios associados aos contraceptivos orais combinados
Authors: Pinto Lais Ferraz de Assis , Rodovalho-Callegari Fernanda Vieira , Carbol Maristela
Published: December 2020

Modelo do estudo: Estudo observacional transversal descritivo. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de universitárias sobre riscos e benefícios associados aos contraceptivos orais combinados (COC). Método: A população do estudo foi composta por uma amostra de conveniência de estudantes de medicina do sexo feminino. Os dados foram coletados no período de outubro a novembro de 2017 por meio de um questionário estruturado, autoaplicável e composto por 34 questões divididas em dados sociodemográficos, antecedentes contraceptivos e conhecimentos sobre riscos e benefícios associados ao uso dos COC. Resultados: Participaram desta pesquisa 86 estudantes. A maioria das participantes estava na faixa etária entre 18 e 25 anos (76,74%), era usuária dos COC (86,05%) e iniciou seu uso por indicação médica (94,59%). Poucas delas conheciam os efeitos benéficos dos COC na redução dos cânceres de endométrio (31,40%), ovário (18,60%) e colorretal (8,14%). Por outro lado, os conhecimentos dos riscos de trombose venosa profunda (97,67%) e acidente vascular encefálico (88,37%) foram satisfatórios. Adicionalmente, mais da metade das universitárias associou o uso dos COC a ganho de peso (56,98%). Conclusão: O desequilíbrio entre os conhecimentos sobre benefícios e riscos dos COC não pode ser subestimado, sendo relevante que os profissionais de saúde identifiquem equívocos relacionados aos benefícios e efeitos colaterais dos COC, a fim de proporcionarem um aconselhamento contraceptivo efetivo.
Apoio social, funcionalidade familiar e controle glicêmico de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2
Authors: Sousa-Munoz Rilva Lopes de , Sá Aline Dantas de
Published: December 2020

Objetivos: Avaliar a percepção de apoio social e funcionalidade familiar por pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) atendidos no ambulatório de endocrinologia de um hospital universitário, assim como verificar associações com controle glicêmico e variáveis clínico-demográficas. Métodos: Estudo observacional e transversal, com entrevistas estruturadas com pacientes com DM2 em tratamento ambulatorial. O apoio social foi avaliado através da escala do Medical Outcome Study (MOS) e a funcionalidade familiar pelo Apgar de Família de Smilkstein. Resultados: Avaliaram-se 160 pacientes com média de idade de 55,7±11 anos, 76% mulheres e 54,4% da classe C. A percepção de apoio social foi positiva, sobretudo na dimensão afetiva, porém nos homens e idosos a dimensão material foi maior que nas mulheres (p=0,02). Houve diferença nesta percepção entre os pacientes com hiperglicemia e normoglicemia apenas na dimensão de informação (p=0,04). Funcionalidade familiar relacionou-se com idade (p=0,037) e sexo (p=0,02). Não se observou correlação entre apoio social e funcionalidade familiar com as variáveis tempo de diagnóstico, tipo de tratamento, índice de massa corporal, duração do acompanhamento, intervalos entre os retornos e classe econômica. Conclusões: A percepção de apoio social e funcionalidade familiar foi positiva, sobretudo entre os homens e os idosos, mas relacionou-se com glicemia apenas na dimensão de informação. É importante levar em conta sexo, idade, família e provimento de informação para oferecer aos pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 uma abordagem que lhes permita obter melhor enfrentamento da doença.
Associação entre comportamento sedentário e diabetes em idosos de baixa renda na cidade de Ibicuí-BA: pesquisa populacional brasileira
Authors: Damião Juliana Miranda , Vasconcelos Lélia Renata Carneiro , Rocha Saulo Vasconcelos , Coutinho Andrée Philippe Pimentel
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar um ponto de corte do tempo gasto em comportamento sedentário como discriminador da presença de diabetes mellitus na população idosa. Métodos: estudo transversal, de base populacional, com dados de 310 idosos de baixa renda de Ibicuí-BA, Brasil, selecionados aleatoriamente. O comportamento sedentário foi avaliado pelo tempo gasto na semana e no fim de semana, e o diabetes foi avaliado por autorrelato. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística descritiva, Curva ROC e regressão de Poisson (p ≤ 0,05). O tempo médio gasto em atividades sedentárias foi de 272,63 ± 163,71 min / dia. A prevalência geral de diabetes foi de 13,5%. As características sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida e presença de diabetes não demonstraram associação estatisticamente significante (p> 0,05). A área sob a curva ROC foi de 0,60, IC 95% (0,54-0,65) ep = 0,003 e o ponto de corte foi> 325 min / dia que melhor discriminou a presença de diabetes mellitus entre os idosos. A análise bruta e ajustada para a associação entre comportamento sedentário e diabetes não revelou associação entre as variáveis. Identificou-se que o tempo despendido no comportamento sedentário possui boa capacidade discriminatória para a presença de diabetes mellitus. Por outro lado, não houve associação entre o primeiro e a presença de diabetes, após ajuste pelas variáveis intervenientes.
Análise do resultado obstétrico de partos submetidos a anestesia de condução e das repercussões neonatais imediatas
Authors: Gontijo Gabriela Ribeiro , Araújo Marilene Miranda , Reis Zilma Silveira Nogueira
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A anestesia é um recurso importante no alívio da dor durante o trabalho de parto (TP). Não é um procedimento isento de riscos e sua utilização envolve decisão com base nas condições clínicas e obstétricas, desejo da mulher e disponibilidade do procedimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação entre essa intervenção com a ocorrência de parto operatório e baixo escore de Apgar. Método: Estudo retrospectivo de base de dados hospitalar contendo 5.282 parturientes com gestação única, de feto em apresentação cefálica nascido vivo e sem malformação, entre os 8.591 nascimentos ocorridos no período de 2014 a 2017, na maternidade do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG. Desfechos de interesse foram comparados entre partos conduzidos com ou sem anestesia, através de testes de associação. Resultados: A ocorrência de anestesia de condução de TP foi de 29,9%, sendo mais frequente entre adolescentes (33,3% versus 29,1%; p = 0,008), nulíparas (39,7% versus 21,6%; p<0,001), naquelas com parto induzido (40,6% versus 26,5%; p<0,001), portadoras de cardiopatias (53,5% versus 29,6%; p<0,001) e parturientes cujos recém-nascidos pesaram 2500 g ou mais ao nascer (31,3% versus 19,7%; p<0,001). Houve associação entre anestesia e aumento do uso de fórceps (15,7% versus 1,8%; p<0,001) e de vacum extrator (2,0% versus 0,6%; p < 0,001), porém ocorreu redução das taxas de cesariana (7,3% versus 12,9%; p<0,001). O uso da anestesia associou-se à maior ocorrência de Apgar de 1o minuto < 7 (p<0,001), mas não alterou o de 5o (p=0,243). A nuliparidade parece ter influência sobre a ocorrência de parto cesariano (8,6% versus 5,2%; p = 0,013) e uso de fórceps (19,4% versus 9,8%; p<0.001). Conclusão: O uso de anestesia de condução no parto associou-se ao parto vaginal operatório, e à menor taxa de cesariana, sem impacto no Apgar de 5o minuto.
Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo da patogênese ao diagnóstico: estado da arte
Authors: Brito Josué da Silva , Castro Marcela Silveira , Zambianco Pâmela da Silva , Cavalcante Michelly Rodrigues , Silva Victória Araújo , Souza Nicolli Bellotti de , Caputo Lu´célia Rita Gaudino
Published: December 2020

A cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo (CMT) apresenta-se, normalmente, por hipocinesia, discinesia ou acinesia transitória do ápice do ventrículo esquerdo, com duração de até quatro semanas, desencadeada por estresse físico ou emocional. Com maior incidência entre mulheres pós-menopausa, consiste em uma síndrome clínica confundida com infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM), devido aos achados clínicos e laboratoriais em comum. A cada 100 diagnósticos feitos de síndrome coronariana aguda, cerca de 2 tratam-se da CMT. Apesar de ter sido descrita em 1990 e exigir terapêutica distinta, ainda não há consenso internacional no que se refere aos critérios diagnósticos. Este artigo busca revisar as publicações dos últimos 30 anos sobre o tema em relação a epidemiologia, patogênese, manifestações clínicas, achados laboratoriais, critérios e métodos diagnósticos, enumerando medidas que permitam diferenciar IAM de CMT na prática clínica.
Editorial
Authors: Antas Junior Ricardo Mendes
Published: December 2020

Editorial para o fascículo 3 de 2020.
"Fato literário" - Iúri Tyniánov
Authors: Molina David Gomiero
Published: December 2020

Junto com “Da evolução literária” (1927), “Fato literário” (1924) é talvez o mais importante artigo teórico do formalista Iúri Tyniánov (1894-1943). Segue-se uma nova tradução do artigo para o português acompanhada de comentários do tradutor e notas selecionadas da edição crítica de E. A. Toddes, A. P. Tchudakóv e M. O. Tchudakóva (TYNIÁNOV, 1977).
Editorial
Authors: Fonseca Maria Augusta , Silva Anderson Gonçalves da , Pacheco Ana Paula Sá e Souza
Published: December 2020

A Jornada de Literatura e Cinema “Hiroshima mon amour”: poética, ética, história e subjetividade, ocorrida na Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, com apoio do Consulado Geral da França, e que foi organizada pelo Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura Comparada, em parceria com o Departamento de Línguas Modernas (francês), deu ensejo a esta publicação da revista Literatura e Sociedade, número 31. No corpo dos ensaios, celebrando 60 anos desse filme de Alain Renais, roteirizado por Marguerite Duras, os estudos publicados estão voltados para as relações entre literatura e cinema. Essa seção axial, organizada por Cleusa Rios Pinheiro Passos, Maria Cristina Vianna Kuntz e Maurício Ayer, abre com a apresentação da professora Cleusa Rios. Seguem-se as contribuições de Maria Cristina Vianna Kuntz, Laura Degaspare Monte Mascaro, Maria Luiza Berwanger da Silva, Júlia Simone Ferreira, Maurício Ayer, Celina Maria Moreira Mello, Alessandra Brum e Mateus Araújo.Na seção “Traduções”, o destaque é dado para dois importantes textos, o primeiro, “A história literária e a sociologia”, palestra de 1904 de Gustave Lanson, que tem tradução de Yuri Cerqueira dos Anjos. O segundo traz um raro e importante estudo do formalista e crítico russo Iúri Tyniánov, denominado “Fato literário” (1924), traduzido por David Gomiero Molina. As duas traduções são inéditas em português.
Corpo e duração – uma experimentação performativa
Authors: Lima Elizabeth Maria Freire de Araújo , Inforsato Erika Alvarez , Castro Eliane Dias de
Published: December 2020

Retomamos o processo criativo e conceitual proposto para o minicurso Corpo e duração, realizado no IV Seminário de Estética e Crítica da Arte: políticas da recepção, ocorrido em setembro de 2019, na Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da USP. São apresentados os eixos disparadores e mobilizadores da conexão corpo e duração, vinculados aos movimentos e à persistência do vivo, em sua relação com a cultura, os afetos e os modos de existir. O acontecimento agenciou temporalidades distintas: uma corporal, com suas mobilizações e variações estéticas e clínicas, entretecida ao trabalho conceitual, instaurando aberturas críticas. Considerou-se a experiência clínica, a partir da terapia ocupacional, que situa a proposta oferecida num território de efetuação do pensamento filosófico, manejo de conceitos e orientação às circunstâncias exigidas no trato direto com a vida das pessoas atendidas nesse campo. Trabalhou-se performativamente, destacando que a constituição de algo (do corpo, da subjetividade, do gênero) se dá por atos, gestos, experiências e jogos de linguagem, – em diálogo com experimentos artísticos dos anos 60, e prosseguindo nas performances e práticas artísticas contemporâneas que entretecem questionamentos estéticos, sociais e políticos. Essas práticas, ligadas às formulações e reflexões filosóficas pós-estruturalistas e contemporâneas e às inserções no campo clínico, problematizam a produção do conhecimento coletivo.
Dançando contra o organismo: o butôh de Hijikata Tatsumi
Authors: Silva Cíntia Vieira da
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo arqueia-se sobre o corpus criador do ankoku butôh, ou dança da escuridão. A dança butôh de Hijikata Tatsumi arranca, com a tensão de seus movimentos, a finalidade dos corpos que a encarnam. Como cadáver arriscado, nas experimentações mais exaustivas, transmuta-se em escrita para o contínuo engendramento de corporeidades. Tal processo será aqui trazido à luz com o auxílio, sobretudo, do “corpo sem órgãos”, conceito trazido à baila por Antonin Artaud e Gilles Deleuze.
Fantasmas, visões, estática: metáforas em sentido literal
Authors: Pellejero Eduardo
Published: December 2020

Colocar fora de lugar aquilo que de ordinário damos por assente, instalar o extraordinário no âmbito do familiar, dar corpo a imagens desfazem e refazem sem cessar um mundo banal, ou distorcer os símbolos sob os quais tende a ocultar-se a doação e a exigência do real, são procedimentos estéticos que devolvem o seu sentido literal à metáfora e, como tais, restituem uma potência própria da arte que passa desapercebida quando pensada sob o horizonte do sistema da representação. Procurando ser fiel às experiências de Varda, Herzog e Hendrix, o presente ensaio procura articular elementos para repensar esse conceito chave da estética, ao mesmo tempo em que visa situar a labor artística nesse cruzamento do dado e do imaginário, do involuntário e do voluntário, da realidade e do desejo.
Historical and current extent of occurrence of the Caracal Caracal caracal (Schreber, 1776) (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) in India
Authors: Khandal Dharmendra , Dhar Ishan , Reddy Goddilla Viswanatha
Published: December 2020

This article focuses on the historical and current extent of occurrence of the Caracal Caracal Caracal in India between 1616 and April 2020.  We collated 134 reports during this period.  Historically, the Caracal was reported in 13 Indian states in nine out of 26 biotic provinces.  Since 2001, the Caracal’s presence has been reported in only three states and four biotic provinces, with only two possible viable populations.  Before 1947, the Caracal was reported from an area of 793,927km2.  Between 1948 and 2000, the Caracal’s reported extent of occurrence in India decreased by 47.99%.  From 2001 to 2020, the reported extent of occurrence further decreased by 95.95%, with current presence restricted to 16,709km2, less than 5% of the Caracal’s reported extent of occurrence in the 1948–2000 period.
Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Katsanos Aristeidis H , Kamel Hooman , Healey Jeff S. , Hart Robert G.
Published: December 2020

Ischemic strokes related to atrial fibrillation are highly prevalent, presenting with severe neurologic syndromes and associated with high risk of recurrence. Although advances have been made in both primary and secondary stroke prevention for patients with atrial fibrillation, the long-term risks for stroke recurrence and bleeding complications from antithrombotic treatment remain substantial. We summarize the major advances in stroke prevention for patients with atrial fibrillation during the past 30 years and focus on novel diagnostic and treatment approaches currently under investigation in ongoing clinical trials. Non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants have been proven to be safer and equally effective compared with warfarin in stroke prevention for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants are being investigated for the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation and rheumatic heart disease, for the treatment of patients with recent embolic stroke of undetermined source and indirect evidence of cardiac embolism, and in the prevention of vascular-mediated cognitive decline in patients with atrial fibrillation. Multiple clinical trials are assessing the optimal timing of non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant initiation after a recent ischemic stroke and the benefit:harm ratio of non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation and history of previous intracranial bleeding. Ongoing trials are addressing the usefulness of left atrial appendage occlusion in both primary and secondary stroke prevention for patients with atrial fibrillation, including those with high risk of bleeding. The additive value of prolonged cardiac monitoring for subclinical atrial fibrillation detection through smartphone applications or implantable cardiac devices, together with the optimal medical management of individuals with covert paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, is a topic of intensive research interest. Colchicine treatment and factor XIa inhibition constitute 2 novel pharmacologic approaches that might provide future treatment options in the secondary prevention of cardioembolic stroke attributable to atrial fibrillation.
Two new species of loaches from the Irrawaddy River basin, Chin State, Myanmar (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae)
Authors: CHEN MENG-FANG , MYINT KHIN MAR , CHU LING , CHEN XIAO-YONG
Published: December 2020

Schistura falamensis, a new species of nemacheilid loach, is described from the main channel of the Manipur River in the Irrawaddy River basin, Chin State, western Myanmar. It differs from other congeners of the genus Schistura by a combination of the following characters: 5–8 vertical bars on body; indistinct bars in front of dorsal-fin origin; bars on posterior part of body regular, twice as wide as interspace; black caudal basal bar dissociated, short, not reaching ventral extremity; males with suborbital flap; lateral line complete; and processus dentiformis weak. Schistura altuscauda is a new species described from the Htin stream, Mindat Town, Chin State, Myanmar. It can be distinguished from other congeners by a combination of the following characters: high caudal peduncle (14.0–20.3% SL), strong processus dentiformis on upper jaw; 7–19 bars on flank of body, bars in front of dorsal fin obviously thinner than those behind, sometimes fused in front of dorsal fin; lateral line complete; males with prominent suborbital flap; and pelvic lobe present.
One new species of Eremus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) from China
Authors: YANG ZIZHONG , JING LIU , BIAN XUN
Published: December 2020

One new species of Eremus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1888 is reported from Southwest China, Yunnan. The morphological features are described, and provided with colored charts of classification features. Up to now, only two species have been described in the Chinese fauna. Type specimen is deposited in the Institute of Entomoceutics Research, Dali University (DUIER).
Seasonal Variability of Subthermocline Eddy Kinetic Energy East of the Philippines
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Hui Yuchao , Qu Tangdong , Hu Dunxin
Published: December 2020

Seasonal modulation of subthermocline eddy kinetic energy (EKE) east of the Philippines and its associated dynamics are studied, using mooring measurements and outputs from an eddy-resolving ocean general circulation model for the period from 2000 to 2017. Significantly high EKE appears below the thermocline in the latitude band between 5° and 14°N east of the Philippines. Separated by 10°N, the EKE in the northern and southern parts of the region shows nearly opposite seasonal cycles, with its magnitude reaching a maximum in early spring and minimum in summer in the northern part and reaching a maximum in summer and minimum in winter in the southern part of the region. Further investigation indicates that both baroclinic and barotropic instabilities are essential in generating the subthermocline eddies, but the seasonal variation of subthermocline EKE is mainly caused by the seasonal modulation of barotropic instability. The seasonal modulation of barotropic instability in the northern and southern part of the region is associated with the seasonal evolution of North Equatorial Undercurrent and Halmahera Eddy, respectively.
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis in the Surgical Patient
Authors: McCabe David E. , Strollo Brian P. , Fuhrman George M.
Published: December 2020

Postoperative euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA), a rare cause of acidosis, results from the metabolic derangement of diabetes and is not associated with a surgical complication requiring reoperation. Our acute care surgery service has managed several recent patients who developed postoperative EDKA. Our group was befuddled by the initial case but subsequently quickly recognized and managed the condition. The purpose of this report is to discuss the pathophysiology of EDKA, summarize 3 recent cases, and increase awareness about the condition to permit prompt recognition and treatment.
How the Australian public came to think more like psychiatrists
Authors: Jorm Anthony F
Published: December 2020

Over the past 25 years, a remarkable change has occurred in Australia, whereby the public have become much more like psychiatrists in their thinking. This is seen both in the everyday use of psychiatric concepts and in beliefs about appropriate treatment. This article examines evidence for this change, discusses what might have produced it, asks whether it has benefited the mental health of Australians and considers what further changes in thinking might be needed.
Development and verification of individual motor control technology to improve the driving performance of independently rotating wheel type railway vehicle using hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) Simulator
Authors: Cho Yonho
Published: December 2020

In order to realize the tram’s low-floor structure, most of the trams that have been recently introduced adopt an independently rotating wheelset. In the case of trains driving in two regions with different gauges, an independently rotating wheelset may be applied to utilize the variable track technology. Since the independent rotation type wheelset has no rotational restraint of the left and right wheels, the difference in rotational speed between the outer and inner wheels occurs naturally during curved driving, and it is applied to railroad vehicles traveling in sharp curve sections because it smoothly drives curved driving. However, the longitudinal creep force and the lateral restoring force are weakened as the left and right rotational constraints disappear. Lack of lateral direction restoring force weakens stability while causing continuous flange contact driving or zigzag phenomenon against disturbance. Under the conditions of driving in a sharp curve, these railway vehicles generate excessive wear, noise, and lateral pressure, as well as deterioration of ride comfort and derailment. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a method has been proposed in which the torque of a motor mounted on each wheel is individually controlled to generate lateral restoring force or to improve driving performance through lateral displacement control using a yaw moment. In this paper, development using HIL (hardware in the loop) simulator was performed to check the performance and stability of the individual motor torque control technology before verifying by applying the individual motor torque control to the actual vehicle. HIL simulator were constructed by combining a real-time dynamic analysis model of a railway vehicle with a drive motor to which real individual motor control was applied. Under the conditions of driving the test track where the actual test vehicle was tested, the analysis of the driving characteristics and the control characteristics of the disturbance was performed to confirm the proposed individual motor torque control performance.
The role of Post-New Public Management in shaping innovation: the case of a public hospital
Authors: Melo Sara , De Waele Lode , Polzer Tobias
Published: December 2020

This article examines how the Post-New Public Management administrative model adopted by a teaching hospital in Portugal shapes innovation processes. We find that innovation is a multi-level organizational phenomenon that relies substantially on the interplay of three factors: (1) trust-based professional autonomy at the individual level; (2) an intra-organizational collaborative approach in innovation (re)design at the team level; and (3) staff involvement/commitment towards the hospital’s strategy in the implementation of innovations at the organizational level. Additionally, innovation is facilitated by interconnected formal and informal processes that mutually reinforce each other. The study contributes to the literature on innovation and administrative models by providing a nuanced understanding of how intra-organizational innovation processes take place within a Post-New Public Management model. As such, it is one of the first attempts to empirically analyse and link the administrative model of Post-New Public Management with innovation.

Points for practitioners

This research provides an account of how a Post-New Public Management administrative model can foster intra-organizational innovation through collaboration across different hierarchies and professions. The article also helps to better understand the role of organizational dynamics at individual, team and organizational levels on innovation, as well as how these can shape and be shaped by formal and informal processes.
Trump, the Coronavirus Pandemic, Asian American Xenophobia, and Humanistic Psychology
Authors: Benjamin Elliot
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the relationship of humanistic psychology to what the author perceives as the dangerous leadership and rhetoric of United States President Donald Trump, in particular in regard to the severe crisis of the coronavirus pandemic. President Trump’s divisive political and racist rhetoric is described with an emphasis on it quite possibly being linked to a rise in xenophobic violence against Asian Americans, which is related to Asian Americans being unfairly blamed for the spread of the coronavirus. Core values of humanistic psychology consisting of genuine and empathic human relationships, personal growth and transformation, and creativity are offered as antidotes to the severe world of lockdowns, social distancing, and remote interactions becoming the norm that we are currently witnessing in the existential crisis of the coronavirus pandemic. The author utilizes his own experience in the Resisting Trump progressive politics movement as an additional antidote and focuses on the extreme urgency of doing so in our current coronavirus pandemic existential crisis. Finally, the author conveys the importance of working through humanistic psychology cofounder Abraham Maslow’s lower and higher levels simultaneously in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, to survive the coronavirus pandemic.
Talks before the talks: Effects of pre-negotiation on reaching peace agreements in intrastate armed conflicts, 2005–15
Authors: Doyle Lindsey , Hegele Lukas
Published: December 2020

Pre-negotiation is widely accepted as a means to convince intrastate conflict parties to negotiate formally; however, research has not yet established a causal link between early efforts to bring warring parties together and the outcome of any negotiated settlement. This gap begs the question: To what extent do activities during the pre-negotiation phase contribute to the signing of a peace agreement? Theory on interstate conflict suggests that pre-negotiation reduces risk, thereby convincing conflict parties that they have more to gain from negotiating than from fighting. However, in conflicts between governments and non-state armed actors, this article argues that reciprocity paves the way for reaching peace agreements. This article introduces a new dataset on pre-negotiation including nearly all intrastate armed conflicts between 2005 and 2015. Confirming previous findings, mediation is significantly and positively correlated with reaching a type of peace agreement; conflicts over government are more likely to end in a negotiated agreement than conflicts over territory or both government and territory. In contrast to existing qualitative research, this study finds little evidence that pre-negotiation increases the likelihood that conflict dyads sign peace agreements. Future quantitative research on this topic requires more nuanced measures of the conditions under which conflict parties shift from unilateral to joint decisionmaking.
Does Placemaking Lead to a Resident’s Greater Place Dependence and Place Identity in Rural Communities? Empirical Evidence in Indiana
Authors: Lee Jeongyoon , Blackford Brian
Published: December 2020

Placemaking is a valuable place-based development and integration tool in rural communities. This study examines how placemaking processes and outputs are associated with residents’ bonds with local places through survey data collected in rural communities in Indiana. Results reveal that policy communication and localized public spaces design are critical for increasing residents’ place dependence and place identity. These findings help pinpoint how local governments utilize placemaking in rural communities to effectively strengthen residents’ ownership of public spaces while further providing implications for residents’ empowerment and community planning in local governance scholarship.
Complete closure of coronary fistula communicating with the descending aorta
Authors: Kosiorowska Monika , Lehmkuhl Lukas , Urbanski Paul P
Published: December 2020

We report a rare case of complex coronary fistula that contained two aneurysms and was connected to the descending aorta. The fistula was also associated with further aortic pathologies necessitating surgery. Preoperative computed tomography angiography, which revealed an abnormal vessel communication, was crucial for choosing the appropriate operative strategy. During a one-stage procedure comprising closure of both arterial (aortic and coronary) fistula origins and repair of the aortic valve and thoracic aorta, the coronary origin of the fistula was ligated and the frozen elephant trunk technique was used to close the aortic origin.
Home or hospital as the place of end-of-life care and death: A grounded theory study of parents’ decision-making
Authors: Papadatou Danai , Kalliani Vasiliki , Karakosta Eleni , Liakopoulou Panagiota , Bluebond-Langner Myra
Published: December 2020

Background:

While several studies have examined ‘what’ families want with regard to the place of a child’s end-of-life care and death, few have explored ‘how’ parents reach a decision.

Aims:

(1) to develop a model explaining how parents of a child with a life-threatening illness in Greece decide about the place of end-of-life care and death; (2) to identify the factors affecting decision-making; (3) to consider the implications for clinical practice.

Design:

Grounded theory study of bereaved parents using semi-structured open-ended interviews following Strauss and Corbin’s principles of data collection and analysis.

Setting/participants:

Semi-structured interviews with 36 bereaved parents of 22 children who died at home ( n = 9) or in a paediatric hospital ( n = 13) in Athens, Greece.

Results:

(1) Decisions regarding place of care and death were reached in one of four ways: consensus, accommodation, imposition of professional decisions on parents or imposition of parents’ decisions without including professionals. (2) Six factors were identified as affecting decisions: awareness of dying, perceived parental caregiving competence, perceived professional competence, parents’ view of symptom management, timing of decision-making, and being a ‘good parent’. (3) Decisions were clear-cut or shifting. Few parents did not engage in decisions.

Conclusion:

Parents’ decisions about place of end-of-life care and death are affected by personal, interpersonal, timing and disease-related factors. Parents are best supported in decision-making when information is presented clearly and honestly with recognition of what acting as ‘good parents’ means to them, and opportunities to enhance their caregiving competence to care for their child at home, if they choose so.
How to measure the effects and potential adverse events of palliative sedation? An integrative review
Authors: Belar Alazne , Arantzamendi María , Payne Sheila , Preston Nancy , Rijpstra Maaike , Hasselaar Jeroen , Radbruch Lukas , Vanderelst Michael , Ling Julie , Centeno Carlos
Published: December 2020

Background:

Palliative sedation is the monitored use of medications intended to relieve refractory suffering. The assessment of palliative sedation has been focused on the assess of the level of consciousness but a more comprehensive approach to assessment is needed.

Aim:

To understand how the potential effects and possible adverse events of palliative sedation in Palliative Care patients are measured.

Design:

Integrative review of most recent empirical research.

Data sources:

Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PubMed, and CINAHL were searched (2010–2020) using the terms sedation, palliative care, terminal care, assessment. Limits included studies in English and adults. Inclusion criteria were: scientific assessment papers, effects and complications of palliative sedation; patients with incurable illness.

Results:

Out of 588 titles, 26 fulfilled inclusion criteria. The Discomfort Scale-Dementia of Alzheimer Type and Patient Comfort Score were used to assess comfort. The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale and The Ramsay Sedation Scale are the most used to measure its effect. Refractory symptoms were assessed through multi-symptom or specific scales; except for psychological or existential distress. Delirium was assessed using the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale and pain through the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool. The use of technical approaches to monitor effects is upcoming. There is lack of measurement of possible adverse events and variability in timing measurement.

Conclusions:

There are palliative care validated instruments to assess the sedation effect but this review shows the need for a more standardized approach when assessing it. Instruments should be used within an experienced and trained expert, providing a holistic assessment.
Does firm life cycle have impacts on managerial promotion tournament incentives?
Authors: Chowdhury Hasibul , Shams Syed
Published: December 2020

We examine whether and how firm-level promotion tournament incentives for executives, measured by the pay gap between a chief executive officer (CEO) and non-CEO executives, vary in different corporate life-cycle stages. Results show that managerial tournament incentives are higher in growth and mature life-cycle stages than in introduction and decline stages. In additional analyses, we find that firms design compensation contracts for growth and mature life-cycle stages with a target to increase tournament incentives for non-CEO executives that induce managerial risk-taking behaviour, leading to high productivity and performance.

JEL Classification: G30, M12
A floating dream: urban upgrading, population control and migrant children’s education in Beijing
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Yan Fei , Chen Yulin
Published: December 2020

In recent years, Beijing has implemented urban renewal policies aimed at forcing out rural migrants to restrict the city’s population. One such policy restricts their access to public schools. We use the demolition of the Beijing Sun Palace Farmers’ Market to examine the long-term impacts of these policies on the educational status of migrant children in Beijing. Based on a survey and in-depth interviews with migrant vendors, we find that government-initiated urban remodelling campaigns have an enduring impact on their social mobility and the educational opportunities of their children. Despite severe limitations to their mobility and economic opportunities, many migrant vendors were still determined to stay in Beijing. Subsequently, their worsened living status significantly affected their children’s prospects. Migrant children caught in this urban dynamic either struggle in substandard informal migrant schools in Beijing or are left behind in their hometowns, with little hope of a good education or improved social status.