bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Notes on Quantitative History: Federal Expenditure and Social Change in Mexico Since 1910
Authors: Skidmore Thomas E. , Smith Peter H.
Published: October 2022

James Wilkie's The Mexican Revolution: Federal Expenditure and Social Change Since 1910 is an industrious attempt to get beneath the conventional wisdom about the changes wrought by the Mexican Revolution. The author's careful compilation of budgetary data should sharply challenge the longstanding and widespread assumptions that: (a) useful historical material from Latin America does not exist in statistical form, and (b) even if it did exist, the mystical qualities of Latin culture defy all efforts at measurement. Wilkie has shown that—with luck, perseverence, and imagination—data can be found. One hopes that his example will encourage other students of the area to seek out similar data and reap further intellectual benefits from quantitative analysis: hypothesis-testing, measurement of trends, and rigorous comparison.
Ernesto ‘Che’ Guevara: A Research Bibliography
Authors: Scauzillo Robert J.
Published: October 2022

A “Cult of ‘Che’” Has Arisen in the United States and in Latin America since the death of Ernesto ‘Che’ Guevara in Bolivia on October 9, 1967. The principal followers of the cult are the radical intellectuals, students and workers in the Western Hemisphere. The selection of Che Guevara as a hero by these segments of society, and their subsequent use of his name to champion their causes, has attracted the attention of the general public to this controversial figure. This sudden awareness of Che has created a substantial demand for information about his life and ideas. To meet this demand, publishers in the United States and Latin America have literally flooded the market with literature about him. This body of literature can be divided into two broad categories. The first comprises works containing his spoken or written words. In the second category are those works which have been written about him. These broad categories can be subdivided into books and periodical articles.
Research in Latin American Literature: The State of the Art (A Round Table)
Authors: Sommers Joseph
Published: October 2022

For two days in December 1969, a group of eleven scholars came together in austin, Texas, for some eight hours of round table discussions on the status and future of research in Latin American literature. Sponsored by the Joint Committee on Latin American Studies (S.S.R.C.-A.C.L.S.), and hosted by the University of Texas' Institute of Latin American Studies, the conference represented an attempt to respond to a need as yet unanswered within any of the major professional organizations—the need to bring together a number of competent scholars in the field of literary research to examine past accomplishments, to exchange ideas about the nature of present problems, and to raise questions about future directions.
Sectoral Clashes in Cuban Politics and Development
Authors: Domínguez Jorge I.
Published: October 2022

This essay discusses aspects of contemporary cuban politics and economics, up to but not including the 1969-1970 sugar harvest effort, from the point of view of a theory of sectoral clashes presented by Markos Mamalakis. The essay will focus on those hypotheses, derived from Mamalakis' previous work, which attempt to explain social and political conflict and policy making.

Mamalakis defines a clash or collision of sectors as the aggressive and administered struggle for privileges and advantages among an economy's sectors. The clash is administered or manipulated because the transfer of resources from one sector to another is brought about through governmental economic policy; it is aggressive because the transfer of resources goes beyond voluntary saving or nondiscriminatory fiscal policies to such an extent that the government is willing to risk the decay of one economic sector in order to promote another.
Research Opportunities in the Spanish Borderlands: East Florida, 1763-1821
Authors: Proctor Samuel
Published: October 2022

In the Great Struggle for the Mastery of the North American Continent during the second half of the eighteenth century, the major European powers—Britain, France, and Spain—confronted each other on the lower Mississippi and along the Florida frontier. The fate of both East and West Florida was determined by this titanic struggle. Britain emerged from the Seven Years' War as the mightiest nation on earth. Her fleet had captured Havana, and to redeem this valuable port Spain agreed to cede the Floridas.
Research in the Spanish Borderlands: Mississippi, 1779-1798
Authors: Coker William S.
Published: October 2022

One of the Reasons Given for the Neglect of the Spanish Era in Mississippi history has been the concentration of historians and writers on the Civil War which has overshadowed everything else. To that conclusion should be added a second consideration. The attention of a large number of graduate students has been centered on those four horsemen (one horsewoman) of Mississippi literature, William Faulkner, Tennessee Williams, James Street and Eudora Welty. A brief examination suggests that there have been more graduate studies written on these authors in the last thirty years than on any single topic of Mississippi history, the Civil War notwithstanding. The number of theses and dissertations on Faulkner alone would make an impressive bibliography. Without any visible decrease in the devotion shown Faulkner and his literary companions, the decade of the 1960s may be considered the renaissance for the study of Spanish Mississippi. Not that there have been any large number of people working in that period; but, because a few dedicated scholars of the younger generation, notably Jack D. L. Holmes, have worked energetically and productively on the years of the Spanish domination. The renewed interest in that fascinating age stimulated by Holmes and others is responsible for this survey which attempts to assess the state of historical and other scholarly studies for Spanish Mississippi. But what specific geographic area does this term embrace?
Comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of two species of Clupeiformes and the phylogenetic implications for Clupeiformes
Authors: Liu Bingjian , Peng Ying , Zhang Kun , Liu Yifan , Li Jiasheng , Chen Jian , Li Xuepeng , Jin Xun , Zheng Sixu , Wang Yunpeng , Zhang Shufei , Gong Li , Lü Zhenming , Liu Liqin
Published: October 2022

The mitochondrial genome provides important information for phylogenetic analysis and an understanding of evolutionary origin. In this study, the mitochondrial genomes of Ilisha elongata and Setipinna tenuifilis were sequenced, which are typical circular vertebrate mitochondrial genomes composed of 16,770 and 16,805 bp, respectively. The mitogenomes of I. elongata and S. tenuifilis include 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA), two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes and one control region (CR). Both two species' genome compositions were highly A + T biased and exhibited positive AT-skews and negative GC-skews. The genetic distance and Ka/Ks ratio analyses indicated that 13 PCGs were affected by purifying selection and the selection pressures were different from certain deep-sea fishes, which were most likely due to the difference in their living environment. Results of phylogenetic analysis support close relationships among Chirocentridae, Denticipitidae, Clupeidae, Engraulidae and Pristigasteridae based on the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 13 PCGs. Within Clupeoidei, I. elongata and S. tenuifilis were most closely related to the family Pristigasteridae and Engraulidae, respectively. These results will help to better understand the evolutionary position of Clupeiformes and provide a reference for further phylogenetic research on Clupeiformes species.
Atheistic modal realism
Authors: Steinhart Eric
Published: October 2022

Atheistic modal realism asserts roughly that there are many concrete possible worlds and that the actual world is entirely godless. Here I will refine this position using the modal realism of David Lewis. For Lewis, all gods (including the Christian God) are contingent superhuman persons, who inhabit non-actual worlds. Although gods are concrete world-bound particulars, atheistic modal realism has room for impersonal absolutes and ultimates (which are not gods). Since no gods are actual, atheism is true. Yet there are infinitely many non-actual gods. Non-actual gods and worlds provide resources for analysing religious beliefs and practices. Lewisian theology provides a powerful new way for atheists to understand religion.
The emergence of subjects in Lebanese two-year-olds
Authors: ABBOUD Layal , CHOUEIRI Lina , SEIFEDDINE Nour , TULLER Laurice
Published: October 2022

In Lebanese Arabic, lexical subjects may occur before or after verbs, but only before non-verbal predicates. Analysis of spontaneous language samples from 19 two-year-old children shows that postverbal (VS) and preverbal (SV) subjects emerge simultaneously. The youngest children displayed no VS-SV difference in frequency. A slight preference for SV is observed in older children. No preference for SV subjects was found in the speech of the mothers of the younger or older children. Lexical subjects systematically appeared before non-verbal predicates. We interpret these results as evidence for early knowledge of syntactic movement, consistent with Wexler’s (1998) Very Early Parameter Setting.
Away but connected: from the mountains of Babia to the plains of Cáceres. A study of Spanish transhumance at the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries
Authors: Vidal-González Pablo
Published: October 2022

One of the most important systems of sheep transhumance since the Middle Ages in Spain occurred between the mountains of northern Leon and the Extremadura Meadow lands – a 500-kilometre journey on foot. We analyse here an interesting collection of thirty letters, written at the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth century, and sent by the shepherds responsible for the flock from the wintering land to the owner of the animals. The only connection with the owner for seven long months but also with their villages and families, were these letters.
Effects of fetal bovine serum on trophectoderm and primitive endoderm cell allocation of in vitro-produced bovine embryos
Authors: Luedke Felipe Eduardo , da Costa Caroline Pereira , Mendes Camilla Mota , Hamilton Thais Rose dos Santos , Milazzotto Marcella Pecora , Assumpção Mayra E. O. A. , Goissis Marcelo Demarchi
Published: October 2022

Supplementing embryonic culture medium with fetal bovine serum (FBS) renders this medium undefined. Glucose and growth factors present in FBS may affect the results of cell differentiation studies. This study tested the hypothesis that FBS supplementation during in vitro culture (IVC) alters cell differentiation in early bovine embryo development. Bovine embryos were produced in vitro and randomly distributed into three experimental groups at 90 h post insemination (90 hpi): the KSOM-FBS group, which consisted of a 5% (v/v) FBS supplementation; the KSOM33 group, with the renewal of 33% of medium volume; and the KSOM-Zero group, without FBS supplementation nor renewal of the culture medium. The results showed that the blastocyst rate (blastocyst/oocytes) at 210 hpi in the KSOM-FBS group was higher than in the KSOM-Zero group but not different from the KSOM33 group. There were no significant changes in metabolism-related aspects, such as fluorescence intensities of CellROX Green and MitoTracker Red or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD+). Immunofluorescence analysis of CDX2 revealed that the lack of FBS or medium supplementation reduced the number of trophectoderm (TE) cells and total cells. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed a reduction of SOX17-positive cell numbers after FBS supplementation compared with the KSOM33 group. Therefore, we concluded that FBS absence reduced blastocyst rates; however, no reduction occurred when there was a 33% volume renewal of the medium at 90 hpi. We also concluded that FBS supplementation altered TE and primitive endoderm cell allocation during early bovine embryo development.
Stock exchange regulation and the official price lists of the stock exchanges of Brussels and Antwerp, 1801–1935
Authors: Poukens Johan , Buelens Frans
Published: October 2022

To fully understand and exploit the contents of stock exchange official price lists, an in-depth knowledge of local stock exchange regulations and practices is required. This article offers a comparative perspective on price discovery and quotation on the two most important Belgian stock exchanges, Brussels and Antwerp, from their establishment in 1801 up to the reform of 1935.
ON MORPHISMS KILLING WEIGHTS AND STABLE HUREWICZ-TYPE THEOREMS
Authors: Bondarko Mikhail V.
Published: October 2022

For a weight structure w on a triangulated category
$\underline {C}$
we prove that the corresponding weight complex functor and some other (weight-exact) functors are ‘conservative up to weight-degenerate objects’; this improves earlier conservativity formulations. In the case
$w=w^{sph}$
(the spherical weight structure on
$SH$
), we deduce the following converse to the stable Hurewicz theorem:
$H^{sing}_{i}(M)=\{0\}$
for all
$i<0$
if and only if
$M\in SH$
is an extension of a connective spectrum by an acyclic one. We also prove an equivariant version of this statement.

The main idea is to study M that has no weights
$m,\dots ,n$
(‘in the middle’). For
$w=w^{sph}$
, this is the case if there exists a distinguished triangle
$LM\to M\to RM$
, where
$RM$
is an n-connected spectrum and
$LM$
is an
$m-1$
-skeleton (of M) in the sense of Margolis’s definition; this happens whenever
$H^{sing}_i(M)=\{0\}$
for
$m\le i\le n$
and
$H^{sing}_{m-1}(M)$
is a free abelian group. We also consider morphisms that kill weights
$m,\dots ,n$
; those ‘send n-w-skeleta into
$m-1$
-w-skeleta’.
Militant Democracy and the Minority to Majority Effect: on the Importance of Electoral System Design
Authors: van der Meer Tom , Rijpkema Bastiaan
Published: October 2022

Impact of electoral system design on democratic self-defence – ‘informal’ (content neutral) militant democracy instrument – the minority to majority effect (assigning majoritarian power to political minorities) increases risk of democratic backsliding – minority to majority goes beyond conventional systemic dichotomies as majoritarianism versus proportionalism: outcome of diverse system features – resources and incentives as explanatory mechanisms – preliminary case studies – the limitations of institutional engineering
Welfare impacts of conservation agriculture adoption on smallholder maize farmers in South Africa
Authors: Oduniyi Oluwaseun Samuel , Chagwiza Clarietta , Wade Tara
Published: October 2022

Climate change and soil degradation are the issues depleting the soil's ability to promote good yield. One of the ways to combat this is the practice of conservation agriculture (CA). This study was carried out to explore and investigate the impact of CA. Multinomial endogenous switching regression model and cross-sectional data were used to investigate the determinants and the impact of the adoption of CA on the income of smallholder maize farmers in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Three categories of CA (minimum tillage, crop diversification and a combination of both minimum tillage and crop diversification) were considered. The empirical results revealed that regardless of the choices of CA practices adopted by the maize farmers, the income realized was higher for adopters than for non-adopters of CA practices. The average treatment effect for the adopters of both minimum tillage and crop diversification was the highest, showing an increase in income by 60.31% (R15575.99/$996.57USD) compared to the non-adopters. The policy implication for these results is that there is a need to promote the adoption of CA practices, particularly a combination of both minimum tillage and crop diversification, given their significant impact on farmer income, an important welfare outcome that has significant implications on food security and poverty alleviation.
Women’s Unveiling in the 2011 Egyptian Uprising: Political Opportunities and Modesty Politics
Authors: Allam Nermin
Published: October 2022

Using the case of women’s unveiling during the 2011 Egyptian uprising, I investigate how momentous political events have transformative impacts beyond the overtly “political” sphere of policies and institutions. I trace the choice to unveil among some women protesters to their involvement in collective action and show the different mechanisms that led to their decision. Specifically, I identify three pathways to unveiling: shifts in political opportunities, innovations in the repertoires of contention and the framing of unveiling, and exposure to new mobilizing structures and networks. The data for this project build upon original field research and interview data with women who removed their hijab during the 2011 Egyptian uprising. The article adds to the literature on gender and contentious politics by demonstrating the gendered effects of political opportunity structures on women’s choices around veiling.
Habitual visual acuity and visual acuity threshold demands in Nigerian school classrooms
Authors: Amiebenomo Onyekachukwu Mary-Anne , Isong Ejitu Mfon , Edosa Mark Eghaghe , Woodhouse Joy Margaret
Published: October 2022

This study was designed to estimate the burden of blindness and vision impairment in school children, and to determine the proportion of students meeting the visual acuity (VA) demand for their classrooms. From 148 primary and secondary school classrooms in Edo State, Nigeria, the habitual distance and near VA of over 2000 students were measured. Values obtained were compared with the calculated distance VA demand and actual near VA demand for their classrooms. Measures used to calculate the VA demand were working distance and smallest text size on learning materials, at both distance and near. We also determined the relationship between age and calculated VA demand and the effect of factors such as school ownership and school type on the VA  demand. Habitual distance vision impairment was found in 0.8% of pupils, including 2 (0.10%) who met the WHO criteria for blindness. The average VA demand at the furthest and nearest sitting position to the board was 0.21 ± 0.23 and 0.65 ± 0.33LogMAR, respectively. Near working distance of students ranged from 15.00 to 37.20 cm, and the near VA demand as well as actual near VA demand (using a 2.5 times acuity reserve) was 0.60 ± 0.17 and 0.20 ± 1.7LogMAR, respectively. LogMAR VA demand increased (size of print decreases) with increasing age, at both distance (r =  − 0.549, p = 0.070) and near (r =  − 0.921, p < 0.0001). The VA demand at maximum distance and the actual near VA demand differed significantly by school ownership and between primary and secondary schools. Most students had VA better, but up to 11% of students per class had VA poorer than their classroom demands. Although the majority of students had better VA than their classroom demands, for students with reduced vision, learning could be negatively impacted. It is important to continually screen students for vision impairment and ensure prompt referral and treatment. These findings have implications for managing vision problems in children, as well as enabling appropriate classroom arrangements for those with vision impairment.
The effect of particle size and water content on XRF measurements of phosphate slurry
Authors: Ben Amar Ismail , Roudjane Mourad , Griguer Hafid , Miled Amine , Messaddeq Younès
Published: October 2022

Phosphate slurries are studied using the XRF technique and the effect of the particle sizes and the water content parameters are analyzed and reported for the first time. Samples of the phosphate slurry with different particle sizes (425 µm, 300 µm, 250 µm, 200 µm, 160 µm and 106 µm) and different water contents (30%, 40%, 50%, 60%) were analyzed using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDXRF). The results show that the relative error of measurement varies with the particle size of the analyzed sample, the water content and the element measured. The relative error increases with the increase of the particle size for the compounds P2O5, Al2O3, K2O, Cr2O3, Fe2O3 and Sr. The ratio between the relative errors related to the maximum and minimum grain sizes was 1.50 for P2O5, 4.01 for Al2O3, 15.58 for K2O, 1.22 for Cr2O3, 1.51 for Fe2O3 and 1.11 for Sr. Alternatively, an opposite evolution has been observed in the case of compounds CaO and SiO2. The relative error increases with increasing water content for all compounds existing in the slurry. Depending on the measured compound, the relative error increases by a factor that varies between 1.39 and 2.39. In the case of P2O5, the results do not show a clear correlation between the measurement error and the water content. A study will be conducted to investigate the effect of particle size and water content on XRF measurements in the case of phosphate slurry, aiming to develop an online XRF analyzer system for phosphate slurry.
Size characterization of plasmonic nanoparticles with dark-field single particle spectrophotometry
Authors: Calvo Rodrigo , Thon Andreas , Saad Asis , Salvador-Matar Antonio , Manso-Silván Miguel , Ahumada Óscar , Pini Valerio
Published: October 2022

Plasmonic nanoparticles are widely used in multiple scientific and industrial applications. Although many synthesis methods have been reported in the literature throughout the last decade, controlling the size and shape of large populations still remains as a challenge. As size and shape variations have a strong impact in their plasmonic properties, the need to have metrological techniques to accurately characterize their morphological features is peremptory. We present a new optical method referred as Dark-Field Single Particle Spectrophotometry which is able to measure the individual sizes of thousands of particles with nanometric accuracy in just a couple of minutes. Our method also features an easy sample preparation, a straightforward experimental setup inspired on a customized optical microscope, and a measurement protocol simple enough to be carried out by untrained technicians. As a proof of concept, thousands of spherical nanoparticles of different sizes have been measured, and after a direct comparison with metrological gold standard electron microscopy, a discrepancy of 3% has been attested. Although its feasibility has been demonstrated on spherical nanoparticles, the true strengthness of the method is that it can be generalized also to nanoparticles with arbitrary shapes and geometries, thus representing an advantageous alternative to the gold-standard electron microscopy.
Pretreatment to terahertz absorption curves by narrow undulation constraint and Its quick implementation suggested by convex hull
Authors: Li Yizhang , Liu Lingyu , Li Ke , Wang Zhongmin , Chang Tianying , Xu Wenqing
Published: October 2022

In this work, a method of pretreating THz absorption curve is proposed, which leads to minimal range in absorption, reserving necessary undulation of curve for identification by convolutional neural network. The kernel thought of proposed method is about confining the undulation of curve with a pair of narrow parallel lines and solving their optimal position by consecutively rotation of normalized curve at two fixed points. A fast algorithm is further proposed based on features of convex hull, whose procedure is described in detail. The algorithm involves definition of some important point sets, calculating and comparing slopes and determining best choice out of 4 potential rotations. The rationality of searching critical point is illustrated in a geometric way. Additionally, the adaption of the method is discussed and real examples are given to show the capacity of method to extract nonlinear information of a curve. The study suggests that methods regarding computer graphics also contributes to feature extraction with respect to THz curve and pattern recognition.
Survival analysis of localized prostate cancer with deep learning
Authors: Dai Xin , Park Ji Hwan , Yoo Shinjae , D’Imperio Nicholas , McMahon Benjamin H. , Rentsch Christopher T. , Tate Janet P. , Justice Amy C.
Published: October 2022

In recent years, data-driven, deep-learning-based models have shown great promise in medical risk prediction. By utilizing the large-scale Electronic Health Record data found in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, the largest integrated healthcare system in the United States, we have developed an automated, personalized risk prediction model to support the clinical decision-making process for localized prostate cancer patients. This method combines the representative power of deep learning and the analytical interpretability of parametric regression models and can implement both time-dependent and static input data. To collect a comprehensive evaluation of model performances, we calculate time-dependent C-statistics$$C_{\text {td}}$$Ctdover 2-, 5-, and 10-year time horizons using either a composite outcome or prostate cancer mortality as the target event. The composite outcome combines the Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) test, metastasis, and prostate cancer mortality. Our longitudinal model Recurrent Deep Survival Machine (RDSM) achieved$$C_{\text {td}}$$Ctd0.85 (0.83), 0.80 (0.83), and 0.76 (0.81), while the cross-sectional model Deep Survival Machine (DSM) attained$$C_{\text {td}}$$Ctd0.85 (0.82), 0.80 (0.82), and 0.76 (0.79) for the 2-, 5-, and 10-year composite (mortality) outcomes, respectively. In addition to estimating the survival probability, our method can quantify the uncertainty associated with the prediction. The uncertainty scores show a consistent correlation with the prediction accuracy. We find PSA and prostate cancer stage information are the most important indicators in risk prediction. Our work demonstrates the utility of the data-driven machine learning model in prostate cancer risk prediction, which can play a critical role in the clinical decision system.
Feelings of loneliness, COVID-19-specific-health anxiety and depressive symptoms during the first COVID-19 wave in Swiss persons with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Hoepner Robert , Rodgers Stephanie , Stegmayer Katharina , Steinemann Nina , Haag Christina , Calabrese Pasquale , Manjaly Zina-Mary , Salmen Anke , Kesselring Jürg , Zecca Chiara , Gobbi Claudio , Puhan Milo A. , Walther Sebastian , von Wyl Viktor
Published: October 2022

The aim of our study was to investigate whether self-reported feeling of loneliness (FoL) and COVID-19-specific health anxiety were associated with the presence of depressive symptoms during the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wave. Questionnaires of 603 persons of the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Registry (SMSR) were cross-sectionally analyzed using descriptive and multivariable regression methods. The survey response rate was 63.9%. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (BDI-FS). COVID-19-specific health anxiety and FoL were measured using two 5-item Likert scaled pertinent questions. High scoring FoL (2.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.06—2.98)) and/or COVID-19 specific health anxiety (1.36, 95% CI (0.87–1.85)) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Further stratification analysis showed that the impact of FoL on depressive symptoms affected all age groups. However, it was more pronounced in younger PwMS, whereas an impact of COVID-19 specific health anxiety on depressive symptoms was particularly observed in middle-aged PwMS. FoL and COVID-19-specific health anxiety were age-dependently associated with depressive symptoms during the first COVID-19 wave in Switzerland. Our findings could guide physicians, health authorities, and self-help groups to better accompany PwMS in times of public health crises.
Estimation of best corrected visual acuity based on deep neural network
Authors: Lee Woongsup , Kim Jin Hyun , Lee Seongjin , Kim Kyonghoon , Kang Tae Seen , Han Yong Seop
Published: October 2022

In this study, we investigated a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based framework for the estimation of the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from fundus images. First, we collected 53,318 fundus photographs from the Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, where each fundus photograph is categorized into 11 levels by retrospective medical chart review. Then, we designed 4 BCVA estimation schemes using transfer learning with pre-trained ResNet-18 and EfficientNet-B0 models where both regression and classification-based prediction are taken into account. According to the results of the study, the predicted BCVA by CNN-based schemes is close to the actual value such that 94.37% of prediction accuracy can be achieved when 3 levels of difference can be tolerated during prediction. The mean squared error and$$R^2$$R2score were measured as 0.028 and 0.654, respectively. These results indicate that the BCVA can be predicted accurately for extreme cases, i.e., the level of BCVA is close to either 0.0 or 1.0. Moreover, using the Guided Grad-CAM, we confirmed that the macula and the blood vessel surrounding the macula are mainly utilized in the prediction of BCVA, which validates the rationality of the CNN-based BCVA estimation schemes since the same area is also exploited during the retrospective medical chart review. Finally, we applied the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding to examine the characteristics of CNN-based BCVA estimation schemes. The developed BCVA estimation schemes can be employed to obtain the objective measurement of BVCA as well as the medical screening of people with poor access to medical care through smartphone-based fundus imaging.
Photo-and thermoresponsive N-salicylideneaniline derivatives: solid-state studies and structural aspects
Authors: Hulushe Siya T. , Malan Frederick P. , Hosten Eric C. , Lobb Kevin A. , Khanye Setshaba D. , Watkins Gareth M.
Published: October 2022

Eight photo-and/or thermoresponsive salicylideneanilines were obtained by mechanosynthesis under solvent-free conditions and stabilized by external stimuli for their isolations in solid-state. Switching properties of these materials were investigated by various analytical techniques and spectroscopic data.
A neutral vicinal silylene/phosphane supported six-membered C2PSiAu2 ring and a silver(i) complex
Authors: Nazish Mohd , Bai Han , Legendre Christina M. , Herbst-Irmer Regine , Zhao Lili , Stalke Dietmar , Roesky Herbert W.
Published: October 2022

We report on the hybrid bidentate silylene and phosphane ligand (1) stabilized Au which are capable of forming a gold containing six-membered ring (2). 2 exhibits an intramolecular aurophilic interaction, which is supported by DFT calculations.
A host–guest interaction activated Bobbitt oxidant for highly efficient oxidation of alcohols
Authors: Wu Jinyang , Luo Youran , Chen Lingxuan , Sun Xuan , Chen Xinnan , Qin Song , Feng Wen , Li Xiaowei , Yuan Lihua
Published: October 2022

Host–guest complexation using hydrogen-bonded macrocycles was found to enable activation of the Bobbitt oxidant reagent, which greatly facilitates the highly efficient oxidation of unactivated primary alcohols.
Helical structure in cyclic peptides: effect of N-methyl amides versus esters
Authors: Wu Chongyang , Hoang Huy N. , Hill Timothy A. , Lim Junxian , Kok W. Mei , Akondi Kalyani , Liu Ligong , Fairlie David P.
Published: October 2022

Cyclic peptides with esters but not N-methyl amides are the smallest known alpha helices in water and can enter cells.
Largely desensitized and stabilized CL-20 crystals obtained through reinforcement with cross-linked graphene oxide
Authors: Huang Binbin , Wang Shuai-Zhong , Zhao Xu , Yang Zhi-Jian , Yan Qi-Long
Published: October 2022

Preparation and structure of graphene intercalated CL-20 crystals.
Unravelling structures of radicals of kynurenic acid formed in the photoinduced reactions with tryptophan and N-acetyl tyrosine
Authors: Morozova Olga B. , Geniman Maksim P. , Panov Mikhail S. , Fishman Natalya N. , Yurkovskaya Alexandra V. , Sherin Peter S.
Published: October 2022

Triplet kynurenic acid in anionic form reacts with tyrosine or tryptophan with H or H+ transfer, respectively, to the oxygen of keto- or oxo-quinolinate tautomeric forms but not to the nitrogen of the enol form.
nablaDFT: Large-Scale Conformational Energy and Hamiltonian Prediction benchmark and dataset
Authors: Khrabrov Kuzma , Shenbin Ilya , Ryabov Alexander , Tsypin Artem , Telepov Alexander , Alekseev Anton , Grishin Alexander , Strashnov Pavel , Zhilyaev Petr , Nikolenko Sergey , Kadurin Artur
Published: October 2022

In this work we present nablaDFT, the new dataset and benchmark for the Density Functional Theory Hamiltonian and energy prediction. We provide data for over 1 million different molecules and over 5 million conformations and baseline models for both tasks.
A penta-silicene nanoribbon-based 3D silicon allotrope with high carrier mobility and thermoelectric performance
Authors: Shen Yiheng , Ni Dongyuan , Chen Yanyan , Sun Jie , Wang Qian
Published: October 2022

A stable 3D silicon allotrope composed of penta-silicene nanoribbons exhibits high hole mobility, low lattice thermal conductivity and a high ZT value as compared to those of diamond silicon.
What is the maximum charge uptake of Lindqvist-type polyoxovanadates in organic–inorganic heterostructures?
Authors: Sorokina Anastasia S. , Ryndyk Dmitry A. , Monakhov Kirill Yu. , Heine Thomas
Published: October 2022

One of the striking characteristics of the tris(alkoxo)-ligated Lindqvist-type polyoxovanadates [VV6O13{(OCH2)3CR}2]2− in highest oxidation state in solution is the ease of their chemical post-functionalization via the R group.
Vanillin-derived α,ω-diene monomer for thermosets preparation via thiol–ene click polymerization
Authors: Gao Zijun , You Yang , Chen Qin , North Michael , Xie Haibo
Published: October 2022

Novel vanillin-derived α,ω-diene  monomer was synthesized via Williamson and Tishchenko reaction, which was readily polymerized with thiols to obtain thiol-ene networks with tunable material properties and satisfactroy degradability under mild alkaline conditions.
Axons-on-a-chip for mimicking non-disruptive diffuse axonal injury underlying traumatic brain injury
Authors: Pan Xiaorong , Li Jie , Li Wei , Wang Haofei , Durisic Nela , Li Zhenyu , Feng Yu , Liu Yifan , Zhao Chun-Xia , Wang Tong
Published: October 2022

A microfluidic axon-on-a-chip (AoC) was designed to mimic the axonal injury underlying traumatic brain injury. Diffused axonal injury was modelled by adjusting the flow speed. Instant neuronal responses to the impacts can be resolved using the AoC.
The plasma phospholipidome of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is modulated by both sex and developmental stage
Authors: Monteiro João P. , Ferreira Helena B. , Melo Tânia , Flanagan Carla , Urbani Nuno , Neves João , Domingues Pedro , Domingues M. Rosário
Published: October 2022

Lipidomics represent an informative tool about the physiology and health of managed cetaceans.
Research progress on near-infrared long persistent phosphor materials in biomedical applications
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Zengxue , Miao Kun , Zhang Xundi , Li Wei , Zhao Pan , Sun Peng , Zheng Tingting , Zhang Xiuyun , Chen Chen
Published: October 2022

The review focuses on the luminescence mechanisms, synthetic methods of inorganic, organic and inorganic–organic hybrid NIR LPPs and the recent progress of NIR LPPs in biomedical applications.
Radical directed regioselective functionalization of diverse alkene derivatives
Authors: Suresh Pavithira , Prasanna Kumari Subramaniyan , Krishna Reddy Singarajanahalli Mundarinti , Anthony Savarimuthu Philip , Thamotharan Subbiah , Selva Ganesan Subramaniapillai
Published: October 2022

Regioselective vicinal difunctionalization of diverse alkene derivatives was successfully carried out using readily available carboxylic acids.
Synthesis, “turn-on” fluorescence signals towards Zn2+ and Hg2+ and monoamine oxidase A inhibitory activity using a molecular docking approach of morpholine analogue Schiff base linked organosilanes
Authors: Singh Gurjaspreet , Devi Anita , Mohit  , Diksha  , Suman  , Saini Anamika , Kaur Jashan Deep , Gupta Sofia , Vikas
Published: October 2022

A new set of morpholine analogue Schiff base linked organosilanes (5a–5c) was prepared.
Cumulative effects of doping on Sn3O4 structure and electrode performance for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Chothe Ujjwala P. , Ambalkar Anuradha A. , Ugale Chitra K. , Kulkarni Milind V. , Kale Bharat B.
Published: October 2022

Interconnected nanoflakes of modified Sn3O4 are capable of providing fast carrier transmission dynamics and outstanding structural integrity, suggesting the feasibility of the current framework for sodium-ion storage.
Water-mediated decarboxylative radical nitrosation of β-keto acids with tert-butyl nitrite: access to α-oximino ketones
Authors: Jia Lina , Li Linlin , Han Fuzhong , Hu Xiangping
Published: October 2022

A practical catalyst-free decarboxylative radical nitrosation system of β-keto acids with tert-butyl nitrite in water has been described.
High capacity and fast Na+ transport in the SbPS4 material by Bi3+ substitution for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Yin Qi-Min , Gu Zhen-Yi , Lü Hong-Yan , Guo Weiping , Du Miao , Liu Yi-Tong , Liu Yan , Heng Yong-Li , Luo Zhong-Zhen , Wu Xing-Long
Published: October 2022

In this study, Sb0.7Bi0.3PS4 exhibits enhanced Na-storage performance through Bi3+ substitution. This ion substitution provides a strategy for advanced thiophosphate anodes in sodium-ion batteries.
Cobalt-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrofunctionalization of allenes
Authors: Chen Jia-Feng , Rehman Sajid Ur , Li Changkun
Published: October 2022

A regiodivergent cobalt-catalyzed addition of carboxylic acid or 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to allenes has been developed to prepare E-enol esters and allylation products.
Analysis and detection of women's reproductive hormones using a bistable and reconfigurable 1D annular photonic crystal composed of the Ge2Sb2Te5 phase-change material
Authors: Gandhi Sakshi , Awasthi Suneet Kumar
Published: October 2022

In this study, the reconfigurable biosensing capabilities of the one-dimensional annular photonic structure, (AB)5CDC(AB)5, was examined theoretically.
Corncob biochar combined with Bacillus subtilis to reduce Cd availability in low Cd-contaminated soil
Authors: Yang Yilin , Hu Xiaojun , Wang Huifeng , Zhong Xinling , Chen Kaishan , Huang Biao , Qian Chunxiang
Published: October 2022

There were multiple mechanisms worked during 400 °C CB@B immobilized Cd in soil, and reduction of availability Cd reached 69%.
Rare prenylated isoflavonoids from the young twigs of Millettia extensa and their cytotoxic activities
Authors: Cheenpracha Sarot , Chokchaisiri Ratchanaporn , Laphookhieo Surat , Limtharakul Thunwadee , Thepmalee Chutamas
Published: October 2022

Three new isoflavonoids, millexatins N–P (1–3), along with seven known compounds (6–10), were isolated from the acetone extract of the young twigs of Millettia extensa.
Correction: Naphthylisoindolinone alkaloids: the first ring-contracted naphthylisoquinolines, from the tropical liana Ancistrocladus abbreviatus, with cytotoxic activity
Authors: Fayez Shaimaa , Bruhn Torsten , Feineis Doris , Assi Laurent Aké , Kushwaha Prem Prakash , Kumar Shashank , Bringmann Gerhard
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘Naphthylisoindolinone alkaloids: the first ring-contracted naphthylisoquinolines, from the tropical liana Ancistrocladus abbreviatus, with cytotoxic activity’ by Shaimaa Fayez et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 28916–28928, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA05758A.
Isobactins: O-acyl isopeptide prodrugs of teixobactin and teixobactin derivatives
Authors: Jones Chelsea R. , Guaglianone Gretchen , Lai Grant H. , Nowick James S.
Published: October 2022

O-Acyl isopeptide prodrug analogues of the antibiotic teixobactin are stable and non-gelating at acidic pH but convert to the corresponding active teixobactin analogues at neutral pH, thus overcoming limitations in intravenous dosing of teixobactin.
Machine learning accelerated high-throughput screening of zeolites for the selective adsorption of xylene isomers
Authors: Hewitt Daniel , Pope Tom , Sarwar Misbah , Turrina Alessandro , Slater Ben
Published: October 2022

A combination of machine learning and high throughput simulation has identified several potential zeolite structures that appear to outperform the leading commercially used material and explained the key factors for high selectivity.
Electrokinetic separation techniques for studying nano- and microplastics
Authors: Thompson Jonathan R. , Crooks Richard M.
Published: October 2022

This perspective focuses on electrokinetic methods for separating the smallest microplastics (<10 μm) on the basis of charge. Advantages, limitations, and future research opportunities regarding electrokinetic separation methods are discussed.
Cyclic arrays of five pyrenes on one rim of a planar chiral pillar[5]arene
Authors: Kato Kenichi , Ohtani Shunsuke , Gon Masayuki , Tanaka Kazuo , Ogoshi Tomoki
Published: October 2022

Chirality of aC5-symmetric pillar[5]arene was effectively transmitted to pyrene arrays in hybrid molecules. The pyrenes showed achiral monomer fluorescence and circularly polarized excimer emission.
Structured ternary fluids as nanocrystal incubators for enhanced crystallization control
Authors: Maunder J. J. , Aguilar J. A. , Hodgkinson P. , Cooper S. J.
Published: October 2022

Crystallization in structured ternary fluids can proceed via higher nucleation rate and slower crystal growth pathways that are impossible to access in normal unstructured solutions. Hence, structured ternary fluids can act as nanocrystal incubators.
Photochemical synthesis of 1,2,4-triazolesviaaddition reaction of triplet intermediates to diazoalkanes and azomethine ylide intermediates
Authors: Cai Bao-Gui , Bao Ye-Peng , Pei Chao , Li Qian , Li Lei , Koenigs Rene M. , Xuan Jun
Published: October 2022

Photoexcitation of the azodicarboxylates results in a radical addition reaction with diazoalkanes and formation of an azomethine ylide to allow for dipolar cycloaddition reaction with nitriles to give a 1,2,4-triazole.
A healable poly(urethane-urea) elastomer with ultra-high mechanical strength enabled by tailoring multiple relaxation dynamics of hierarchical hard domains
Authors: Huang Yue , Wu Haitao , Li Weihang , Yuan Zhaoyang , Wu Qi , Li Ruihai , Wu Jinrong
Published: October 2022

A healable poly(urethane-urea) elastomer with ultra-high mechanical strength enabled by tailoring multiple relaxation dynamics of hierarchical hard domains.
Toward strong X-band-electromagnetic-wave-absorbing materials: polyimide/carbon nanotube composite aerogel with radial needle-like porous structure
Authors: Liu Shi , Xu Qiang , Bai Yuting , Wang Xu , Liu Xiangyang , Yan Cenqi , Wang Yinghan , Qin Jiaqiang , Cheng Pei
Published: October 2022

Polyimide/carbon nanotube aerogels with radial needle-like porous structures were designed through radial freeze-drying methods, which show excellent thermal stability, mechanical properties, and electromagnetic interference shielding performance.
An energy-saving, bending sensitive, and self-healing PVA-borax-IL ternary hydrogel electrolyte for visual flexible electrochromic strain sensors
Authors: Liu Jia-ning , He Qi , Pan Ming-yue , Du Kui , Gong Cheng-Bin , Tang Qian
Published: October 2022

A PVA-borax-IL ternary hydrogel electrolyte was developed for visual flexible electrochromic strain sensors to monitor human activity.
A prototype of high-performance two-electron non-aqueous organic redox flow battery operated at −40 °C
Authors: Liang Zhiming , Jha Rahul Kant , Suduwella Thilini Malsha , Attanayake N. Harsha , Wang Yangyang , Zhang Wei , Cao Chuntian , Kaur Aman Preet , Landon James , Odom Susan A.
Published: October 2022

Non-aqueous redox flow batteries which can be operated under subzero temperature are significant for applications in cold regions.
Balancing the performance and stability of organic photodiodes with all-polymer active layers
Authors: Huang Xiaodong , Zhao Zhenmin , Chung Sein , Cho Kilwon , Lv Jie , Lu Shirong , Kan Zhipeng
Published: October 2022

Organic photodiodes composed of all-polymer active layers achieve a stable morphology, associated with superior electrical and thermal stabilities without sacrificing their performance.
Profiles of Children With Cortical Visual Impairment Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication: A Retrospective Examination
Authors: Blackstone Sarah , Luo Fei , Barker R. Michael , Sevcik Rose A. , Romski MaryAnn , Casella Vicki , Roman-Lantzy Christine
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is the most common cause of visual impairment in children today and can impact the outcomes of children who rely on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). This study provides baseline data of 13 children with CVI who used AAC during their first year of participation in an integrated CVI program. One purpose was to describe similarities and differences in the student's demographic, functional vision, communication, and educational profiles. A second purpose was to examine differences in students described with different communicator profiles.

Method:

Archived student records were de-identified and reviewed using a systematic coding scheme. Two researchers independently reviewed and coded all student records. Reliability was established. Measures included CVI Range scores; supports for positioning, mobility, vision, and writing; AAC systems, including modes, access methods, and language representation; communicative competence; self-determination; literacy; and mathematics.

Results:

The study yielded a rich description of similarities and differences among students at baseline and led to careful consideration of differences among the participants with emergent communicator and context-dependent communicator profiles.

Conclusions:

Currently, limited evidence exists that informs practice regarding AAC assessment and intervention for children with CVI. This article describes a small sample of children with CVI who use AAC. Results underscore the need for educators and practitioners to ensure that vision functioning in students with CVI is evaluated carefully and regularly when conducting AAC assessment and intervention and formulating communication or education goals.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21357684
Wake flow past an ALUTEC profile
Authors: Duda Daniel , Dokak Yasar , Yanovych Vitalii , Uruba Václav
Published: October 2022

Aluminum construction profiles become a standard construction material for short-term stands in science and in industry as well. It has the shape of square prism with an groove in each side to easy connecting the nut or bolt in any location. We studied the wake past the profile of 45 mm side. We studied the topology of the wake in the dependence on the angle of attack by using the Particle Image Velocimetry technique.
Practical aspects of the wettability
Authors: Fialová Simona , Pochylý František , Volkov Alexander V. , Šoukal Jiří
Published: October 2022

A new knowledge of fluid flow on hydrophobic surface will be presented. The boundary condition will be refined considering the effects of air adhering to the rough, hydrophilic surface. Possibilities of turbulent viscosity effects as a result of liquid slippage on the hydrophobic surface will also be considered. These effects will be demonstrated on the basis of performed experiments. The experimental study will be focused on the determination of the pressure difference in the tube, whose surface is provided with an ultrahydrophobic coating with a contact angle higher than 140 °. Results will be reported based on Reynolds number. In addition to the results of the experiment, the thesis will also include a theoretical study aimed at refining the boundary condition, expressing the interaction of the liquid with the hydrophobic surface. In conclusion, the dissipation function will be derived, expressing the effects of liquid slippage on the hydrophobic surface and compared with its value taking into account the hydrophilic properties of the surface.