bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Our living handcraft meerschaum craftsmanship for the future
Authors: Ertürk Nilay , Varol Esra
Published: January 2023

Meerschaum, which is an organic stone, has the appearance of soil or clay. It is white or similar to white in color. Meerschaum, which is a gemstone has absorbing characteristics, its color changes when exposed to open air, it is soft and easy to work magnesium silicate stone. New Works with high use and aesthetic values are produced from meerschaum, which is a completely unique material with its soft and sensitive structure as well as smoking material. Some of them are jewellery and accessories. The aim of this research is to introduce different meerschaum products in terms of aesthetic and use such as jewellery and accessories and to contribute to the development and introduction of this art. One of the places most suitable to mining and is determined as Eskisehir. Therefore, research sample is comprised of Eskisehir, meerschaum masters continuing to work in Eskisehir and their Works.Â  Research is qualitative in terms of problem, data collection and analysis methods. Method of interview is used in collecting research data and Works are analyzed by being photographed.Keywords: Meerschaum, handcraft, accessories, jewellery
Administrative governance and its relationship to educational and technical challenges for students with disabilities in the distance education system
Authors: AlMahdawi Asmaa Jumaha , Shater Azhar , Darawsheh Saddam Rateb , Alkhawaldeh Mohammad Abedrabbu
Published: January 2023

This study aimed at exploring the administrative governance and its relationship to the educational and technical challenges of students with disabilities in the distance education system. The descriptive analytical methodology was used, where a questionnaire was designed as an instrument for collecting data from the study sample. The study was applied to a sample of (311) male and female teachers. The results showed that the application of the principles of administrative governance according to teachers' perception was very high with a mean score of (4,2462). The results also showed that the educational challenges in schools came to a medium degree and with a mean score of (2.6592), while the technical challenges came with a medium level with a mean score of (2.8071). The findings revealed that there is an inverse relationship between the degrees of the principles of administrative governance and the educational and technical difficulties, which means that the greater the application of the principles of administrative governance, the fewer educational and technical challenges.
Keywords: administrative governance, students with learning disabilities, distance education, educational and technical challenges.
Assessing electronic educational cards (EECs) as a method of foreign language learning: An experimental design approach using kindergarten students
Authors: Almohtadi Reham , Alghazo Khitam , Almazaydeh Laiali , Al Sou’b Majid , Alelaimat Ali
Published: January 2023

This study investigated the effects of Electronic Educational Cards (EECs) on Teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) in Kindergarten. The experimental group participants (N = 500) and the control group participants (N = 500) were observed for six months and did pre-and post-experimental tests. The results showed that children in the experimental group compared to the control group demonstrated significant improvements in learning English as a Second Language. This study concluded that there is irrefutable empirical evidence that modern teaching methods should be encouraged and embraced for the betterment of early education students' learning. It is recommended that the format and structure of implementing the electronic revolution in Jordan’s early education sector be premised closely with that of the experimental group used in this study and rolled out throughout all the kindergartens in the Ma’an Governorate, and the entirety of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
Keywords: Electronic Educational Cards, Kindergarten, Teaching English as a Second Language;
The effect of pre-class online video on improving knowledge retention and motivation
Authors: Chernbumroong Suepphong , Thongthip Phimphakan , Puritat Kitti , Jansukpum Kanjana , Julrode Phichete
Published: January 2023

Since humankind entered the computerised period, data and the amount of information available through digital sources have drastically increased, and people nowadays can also generate and distribute information. As a result of these changes, knowledge acquisition was characterised by a rapid increase in information. However, the retention of such information or knowledge can be challenging. To understand how it happened with the undergraduate students, we developed a 4-minute digital pre-class video designed specifically for undergraduate students and assessed its capacity to verify news based on the method of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, which consists of eight evaluation criteria and key points to consider. To examine the video's efficacy, we used a randomised controlled design among the control and experiment groups, with an in-class session based on both a pre-class video and PowerPoint materials for the experiment group and an in-class session using PowerPoint materials only for the control group. The instructional materials motivation survey questionnaire and the fake news literacy test were utilised to examine motivation, knowledge acquisition and knowledge retention. The results showed that while students of both groups had similar performances as regards knowledge acquisition, they nonetheless showed a considerable difference in retention and motivation of knowledge from the perspective of attention and relevance. These results show a huge potential for using pre-class video and appropriate and effective content to combat false information in Thailand. Nevertheless, the research is subject to limitations. The study was only carried out at Chiang Mai University. More research experiments at other universities are required.
Keywords: Undergraduate students, news literacy, knowledge retention, motivation, pre-class video.
Exploring students’ perspectives on the implementation of self-organized learning via mobile apps
Authors: Almalki Shatha
Published: January 2023

The aim of this qualitative action research is to explore Saudi Arabian undergraduate students’ perspectives on the implications of a self-organized learning environment (SOLE) using mobile phones. Data were gathered from interviews and focus groups with a convenience sample of 27 undergraduate students as well as the researcher’s reflective journals. It was found that the proposed intervention gave students opportunities for engagement and enhanced a spirit of cooperation, which led to the students enjoying their classes.  Furthermore, SOLE encouraged the students to evaluate their ideas before posting them. Participating in SOLE helped the students understand and recall the relevant course content. However, a number of challenging aspects - such as misleading information - emerged during the first phase of the study, along with some technical issues. In general, within the current educational system in Saudi Arabia, the implementation of SOLE on its own as an innovative teaching approach would be insufficient; it could be combined with other approaches - such as deep discussions of relevant topics - to enhance its effectiveness.
Keywords: Self-organized learning environment (SOLE); Covid-19; undergraduate study; mobile learning
Structural model of information and communication technology and 21st-century skills in vocational school students
Authors: Nurlaela Nurlaela , Amiruddin Amiruddin
Published: January 2023

The digital era has pushed the learning process to use ICT and promote critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creative thinking skills in students (4C skills). The research on the effect of ICT skills on the critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creative thinking skills of students (4C skills) has been partially conducted. However, comprehensive insight should be provided. The research aims to investigate how ICT skills may affect the critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creative thinking skills of students. The research was conducted using a structural equation model with 507 students as the sample. The measurement model indicates that the indicators and constructs are valid and reliable. The structural model shows that ICT skills have positive effects on critical thinking skills. ICT skills have also shown positive and significant effects on students’ communication and collaboration skills. In addition, ICT may also increase students’ creativity. The research results can be basic for teaching and learning practices that might promote students’ 4C skills
“I Did Not Sign Up For This”: Student Experiences of the Rapid Shift from In-person to Emergency Virtual Remote Learning During the COVID Pandemic
Authors: Kuntz Jeff , Manokore Viola
Published: January 2023

Abstract Objectives: The main objective of this study was to explore students’ experiences of the emergency virtual remote teaching, which was implemented as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: 439 students enrolled at a community college in Canada responded to a survey that had Likert-scale and open-ended questions. Anderson’s model for online learning was used as an analytic lens to gain insight on student experiences. Descriptive statistics were used to make meaning of the data. Thematic analysis was done on student responses to open-ended questions. Results: Findings were organized according to Anderson’s six factors in online teaching, namely: (a) Independent Study; (b) Peer, Family, & Professional Support; (c) Structured Learning Resources; (d) Community of Inquiry; (e) Communication; and (f) Paced, Collaborative Learning. The study revealed both challenges and opportunities that students experienced during their transition to emergency virtual remote learning. Conclusions: The invitation to students to share what worked—and what didn’t—yielded a wealth of specific suggestions for engaging students, promoting accountability, and supporting collaborative learning. Implication for Practice: This study looked past anticipated pressure points to reveal critical teaching factors that challenge—or enable—students as they transition to emergency virtual remote teaching. Post-secondary instructors would be well served to consider how they promote self-efficacy, provide access to supports, fashion an online learning environment, develop community, communicate expectations, and encourage collaboration.
Audio - Article Summaries Volume 12, Special Issue (Spanish)
Authors: Krauskopf Erwin , Burkholder Gary J
Published: January 2023

As an added service to those visiting the journal, the HLRC provides in English and Spanish a brief audio summary of the articles published in the issue. This is the Spanish version.
Çoktan Seçmeli Matematik Sınavlarındaki Hatalı Soruların Testin Psikometrik Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: AĞAH Kevser , TURKAN Azmi
Published: January 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı çoktan seçmeli matematik sınavlarındaki hatalı soruların o testin psikometrik özelliklerine etkisini belirleyip öğrencilerin görüşleri doğrultusunda değerlendirmektir. Bu araştırma kapsamında nitel araştırma verileri ile nicel veriler birlikte toplandığından yakınsayan paralel karma desen tercih edilmiştir. Yapılan araştırmanın nicel boyutunda Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde üç farklı devlet okuluna devam eden 100 sekizinci sınıf ortaokul öğrencisine başarı testi uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel kısmı ise akademik başarı düzeyi farklı 10 sekizinci öğrenciyle yürütülmüştür. Nicel verilerin toplanmasında tabakalı örnekleme, nitel verilerin toplanması için ise ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmanın nicel kısmında, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan çoktan seçmeli matematik başarı testi kullanılmıştır. Başarı testi ilgili alanda çalışan uzman görüşleri doğrultusunda elde edilen kolay düzeyde 10, orta düzeyde 10 ve zor düzeyde 10 soru olmak üzere toplam 30 sorudan oluşmuştur. 30 çoktan seçmeli soru arasında toplam 6 hatalı soru belirlenmiştir. Hatalı sorular her düzeyden ikişer soru şeklinde olup cevabı seçeneklerde olmayacak şekilde hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel kısmında, başarı testi uygulandığı sırada araştırmacılar tarafından gözlemlenen öğrencilerin tepki ve davranışlarının yazıldığı gözlem formu kullanılmıştır. Başarı testi uygulaması bittikten sonra araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu öğrencilerin uygulanan sorulara yönelik düşünce ve duygularını öğrenmek için uygulanmıştır. Nicel verilerin analizi için Test Analiz Programı (TAP) kullanılmıştır. TAP aracılığıyla sorunun madde güçlük indeksi ve madde ayırt edicilik indeksi tespit edilmiştir. Bu testlerin yorumlanmasında Excel Programından da yararlanılmıştır. Nitel veri analizi için kod, kategori ve temalar oluşturularak içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular incelendiğinde çoktan seçmeli testlerde hatalı soruların bulunmasının madde ayırt ediciliğini olumlu yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. Araştırmada elde edilen bir diğer bulguda hatalı olan maddelerin güçlük düzeylerinin düşük çıktığı saptanmıştır. Bununla birlikte katılımcılar, sorular arasında hatalı soruların olmasının kendilerini daha fazla düşünmeye, bütün sorulara sorgulayıcı tavırla ve farklı yönleriyle bakmaya ittiğini belirtmişlerdir.
Instructional methods in emergency online teaching: The case of a Latin American business school
Authors: Valcazar Edy , Avolio Beatrice , Prados-Pena Ma Belen
Published: January 2023

Instructional methods have an impact on the learning process and the quality of educational services aimed at accomplishing learning objectives. The purpose of this paper is to examine the most preferred instructional methods during emergency online teaching used by instructors. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 36 full-time and part-time faculty members belonging to an accredited Hispanic business school. The results showed that faculty used many different instructional methods during synchronous and asynchronous sessions. Similarly, there is a relationship between the professors’ academic areas and the instructional methods used. Based on these results, this study proposes a reference model of instructional methods for higher education based on professors’ experiences during emergency online teaching that includes five categories: group methods, active methods to contribute to the development of competencies, methods to ascertain prior knowledge, methods that promote understanding through the organization of information and methods that use digital tools. The originality of the study lies in the fact that it analyzes the migration experience from in-person to online teaching at an accredited Hispanic business institution.
Cell morphology observations for discriminating between Brettanomyces bruxellensis strains among genetic groups
Authors: Rousseaux Sandrine , Lebleux Manon , Denimal Emmanuel , Weidmann Stéphanie
Published: January 2023

It is essential to discriminate between B. bruxellensis isolates at the strain level, because stress resistance capacities are strain dependent and also related to the genetic groups (GG). In this work, we investigated further the correlation between genetic groups and cell polymorphism by analysing optical microscopy images via deep learning. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was trained to discriminate between 74 different B. bruxellensis isolates belonging to 4 of the 6 genetic groups described. Compared to the microsatellite analysis, the CNN enabled the prediction of the genetic groups of B. bruxellensis isolates with 96.6 % accuracy in a faster and cheaper way and with the same genetic group affiliations. Based on these very promising results, further research is needed to validate this technique for all genetic groups.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АТМОСФЕРНОЙ КОРРЕКЦИИ MUMM К ДАННЫМ СПУТНИКОВЫХ СКАНЕРОВ ЦВЕТА И СРАВНЕНИЕ ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ СО СТАНДАРТНЫМ ПРОДУКТОМ И СУДОВЫМИ ДАННЫМИ
Authors:   МФТИ, Павлова Мария , Глуховец Дмитрий
Published: January 2023

Работа выполнена на основе данных, полученных в экспедициях ИО РАН в Карском море в 2019 и 2021 гг. Цель - улучшение качества спутниковых данных о спектральном коэффициенте яркости моря в видимом диапазоне, концентрации хлорофилла а и показателя поглощения жёлтым веществом на длине волны 443 нм, которые могут иметь значительные различия с результатами подспутниковых измерений. Причина возможных ошибок заключается в том, что соответствующие стандартные алгоритмы настроены для вод открытого океана, а Карское море подвержено сильному влиянию речного стока. Поэтому в исследовании применены региональные спутниковые биооптические алгоритмы ИО РАН, учитывающие это влияние. Полученные результаты показывают, что в ряде случаев настроенная атмосферная коррекция MUMM позволяет увеличить точность расчёта коэффициента яркости моря. При этом на точность оценок показателя поглощения жёлтого вещества и концентрации хлорофилла в большей степени влияет выбор биооптических алгоритмов, а не атмосферной коррекции.
РАЗВИТИЕ МЕТОДОВ КАРТОГРАФИРОВАНИЯ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО ПОКРОВА
Authors:   ИКИ РАН, Сайгин Илья , Барталев Сергей , Стыценко Федор
Published: January 2023

В рамках работы приведено описание развития методов картографирования лесного покрова. Модификация метода позволила получить новый временной ряд карт растительного покрова, который, в свою очередь, был использован для построения более устойчивого временного ряда объёма стволовой древесины. Применение модифицированной версии алгоритма постобработки временного ряда позволило увеличить межгодовую стабильность карт растительного покрова. Проведена валидация карт растительного покрова на основе опорных данных на уровне таксационных выделов, показавшая общую точность классификации на основе матрицы ошибок на уровне 83,7 % для классов растительного покрова и на уровне 82,9 % для лесных классов растительного покрова.
ЧИСЛЕННОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ТРАНСПОРТА ЧАСТИЦ В ДИСКОВЫХ СИСТЕМАХ
Authors:   ИКИ РАН, Семенюк Евгений , Петросян Аракел
Published: January 2023

Предложен численный алгоритм решения задачи транспорта частиц в турбулентном газовом течении протопланетного диска. Моделирование проведено в два этапа: на первом получено решение для сжимаемого нейтрального газа в локальной ячейке, на втором рассматривается локальная динамика частиц в газовом потоке. Полученные результаты приближённо описывают механизм роста протопланет в протопланетных дисках путём парных столкновений частиц пыли в турбулентном потоке.
СРАВНЕНИЕ ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ВУЛКАНИЧЕСКИХ ПЕПЛОВ С ПОЛУОСТРОВА КАМЧАТКА СО СВОЙСТВАМИ ЛУННОГО РЕГОЛИТА
Authors:   ГЕОХИ РАН, Уварова Александра
Published: January 2023

Лаборатория геохимии Луны и планет ГЕОХИ РАН занимается разработкой полномерного грунта-аналога, который будет приближен к лунному реголиту не только по физическим свойствам, но и по химическому и минеральному составу. Основная цель настоящего исследования заключается рассмотрении нескольких пеплов с вулканов Толбачик, Горелый и Мутновский, а также Халактырского пляжа как потенциальных лунных грунтов-аналогов. В работе приведены результаты испытаний пеплов одноплоскостным срезом.
ЛИНЕЙНЫЕ ВОЛНЫ И НЕЛИНЕЙНЫЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ В СТРАТИФИЦИРОВАННОЙ АСТРОФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ ПЛАЗМЕ
Authors:   ИКИ РАН, Федотова Мария , Петросян Аракел
Published: January 2023

Представлены результаты развития аналитической теории, описывающей линейные и нелинейные волны в плазменной астрофизике: обоснования и разработка различных приближений для магнитогидродинамических уравнений, описывающих эффекты стратификации и сжимаемости в течениях вращающейся астрофизической плазмы; поиск новых типов волн, вызванных непосредственно изучаемыми эффектами; исследование влияния изучаемых эффектов, а также учёта горизонтальной составляющей силы Кориолиса на магнитострофические волны, магнитные инерционно-гравитационные волны и волны магнито-Россби; качественный анализ потенциальных нелинейных взаимодействий для всех исследуемых типов волн и вывод уравнений трёхволновых взаимодействий; исследование влияния стратификации и сжимаемости на инкременты параметрических неустойчивостей, а также новые механизмы параметрических неустойчивостей с учётом новых типов волн.
АТМОСФЕРНЫЕ ПОТЕРИ N2 И O2 ВО ВРЕМЯ ПАЛЕОМАГНИТНЫХ ИНВЕРСИЙ
Authors:   ИКИ РАН, Царева Ольга , Левашов Николай , Попов Виктор
Published: January 2023

Магнитосфера защищает атмосферу планеты от эрозии солнечным ветром. Ранее было показано, что во время геомагнитной инверсии, когда дипольная составляющая поля ослабевает, магнитное экранирование по-прежнему эффективно. Это справедливо для спокойных периодов солнечной активности. Однако поскольку продолжительность геомагнитной инверсии может охватывать несколько тысяч лет, на протяжении которых происходит множество экстремальных событий, мы развили наше исследование атмосферных потерь с учётом влияния солнечных параметров, таких как давление солнечного ветра и EUV-излучение (источник образования ионов). Палеоданные указывают на увеличение отношений изотопов δ18O и δ15N с увеличением скорости инверсии в течение фанерозоя. Согласно нашим оценкам, такая эффективность фракционирования изотопов может быть связана с диссипацией атмосферы солнечным ветром.
СПУТНИКОВЫЙ МОНИТОРИНГ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩИХ РАДИАЦИОННОГО БАЛАНСА ЗЕМЛИ ПО ДАННЫМ РОССИЙСКОГО РАДИОМЕТРА ИКОР-М
Authors:   Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет имени Н. Г. Чернышевского, Червяков Максим , Диянова Екатерина
Published: January 2023

Рассмотрена изменчивость альбедо на основе многолетних спутниковых данных радиометров ИКОР-М, установленных на борту ИСЗ серии «Метеор-М». Для проверки стабильности радиометров выбраны среднемесячные значения альбедо ячеек сетки, расположенных над двумя пустынями Южного полушария (Атакама и Намиб) и двумя пустынями Северного полушария (Аравия и Сахара). Для всех четырёх территорий приводятся результаты расчётов среднемесячных значений альбедо с октября 2009 г. по август 2019 г. Отдельно были проанализированы пространственно-временные распределения альбедо.
РАЗВИТИЕ МЕТОДОВ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ СТАНДАРТНОГО НАБОРА ДАННЫХ ATL08 СПУТНИКОВОГО ЛИДАРА ATLAS/ICESAT-2 ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ВЫСОТЫ ЛЕСНОГО ПОКРОВА
Authors:   ИКИ РАН, Богодухов Михаил , Барталев Сергей , Жарко Василий
Published: January 2023

Стандартный продукт ATL08 спутниковых лидарных данных ATLAS/ICESat-2 предоставляет информацию о распределении высоты растительности на участках земной поверхности размером 100×14 м. В 2021 г. разработчики модифицировали указанный набор данных, добавив дополнительные параметры, характеризующие высоту леса (включая информацию на уровне отдельных отражённых фотонов) в пределах участков 20×14 м. В статье описаны подходы к предобработке данных ATL08, направленные на преобразование исходной информации о расположении и распределении высоты участков лесного покрова в векторный формат для дальнейшего геоинформационного анализа. Проведена оценка влияния повышения пространственной детальности лидарных данных на точность оценки средней высоты леса на основе сравнения с результатами наземных измерений характеристик лесного покрова.
ОЦЕНКА СОСТАВА И МАССЫ ЛЕДЯНОЙ КОМПОНЕНТЫ В ПЕРВИЧНЫХ КАМЕННО-ЛЕДЯНЫХ ПЛАНЕТЕЗИМАЛЯХ ОКОЛОСОЛНЕЧНОГО ДИСКА
Authors:   ГЕОХИ РАН, Генералова Елизавета , Дорофеева Вера
Published: January 2023

Оценён состав льдов и тугоплавкой компоненты в различный регионах солнечной небулы. Получены максимальные оценки для отношений массы льдов к массе тугоплавкой компоненты для различных регионов. Результаты хорошо согласуются с экспериментальными измерениями для различных тел Солнечной системы, в частности, Цереры, спутников Юпитера и комет. Полученные оценки могут быть также использованы для моделирования внутренней структуры и её эволюции спутников и других малых тел Солнечной системы.
ДВУЖИДКОСТНОЕ ПРИБЛИЖЕНИЕ ДЛЯ СЛАБО ИОНИЗИРОВАННОЙ ВРАЩАЮЩЕЙСЯ КОСМИЧЕСКОЙ ПЛАЗМЫ. ЛИНЕЙНЫЕ ВОЛНЫ
Authors:   ИКИ РАН, Клименко Юлия , Сафонов Сегрей , Федотова Мария , Петросян Аракел
Published: January 2023

Слабо ионизированной плазмой является плазма, степень ионизации которой много меньше единицы. В плазменной астрофизике приближение слабо ионизованной плазмы используется для описания процессов межзвёздной среды, солнечной хромосферы, магнитосфер планет. В слабо ионизированной плазме важную роль играет взаимодействие ионизованной компоненты с нейтральной. Предметом исследования выступают крупномасштабные процессы в слабо ионизированной вращающейся трёхмерной плазме при наличии таких взаимодействий. Для описания явлений, происходящих в слабо ионизированной плазме, используются уравнения многожидкостной магнитной гидродинамики. Предложена система уравнений магнитной гидродинамики для двужидкостной модели слабо ионизированной вращающейся плазмы с учётом собственного электромагнитного поля. Развита линейная теория волновых процессов в рамках предложенных уравнений.
СРАВНЕНИЕ МЕТОДОВ ПОСТОБРАБОТКИ КРИВЫХ БЛЕСКА ZTF ДЛЯ ДВОЙНОЙ ЧЁРНОЙ ДЫРЫ ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНОЙ МАССЫ J163159.59+243740.3
Authors:   МГУ, Матвеев Дмитрий , Демьяненко Мария ,   ГАИШ, Чилингарян Игорь , Гришин Кирилл , Катков Иван , Гораджанов Владимир ,   МГУ, Топтун Виктория , Кузьмин Иван
Published: January 2023

Представлен анализ методов обработки кривых блеска, получаемых с помощью сервиса разностной фотометрии Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Forced Photometry service. Данные ZTF имеют несовершенную фотометрию. По этой причине рассматриваются методы, направленные на устранение несуществующих трендов в кривых блеска и подавление других эффектов, мешающих отождествить реальную переменность в двух фотометрических полосах (ZTF-g, ZTF-r). В число важных шагов обработки двумерных временных рядов входят: фильтрация точек отбрасыванием некорректных наблюдений по критериям из инструкций фотометрии ZTF, коррекция цвета и коррекция фотометрического нуль-пункта, коррекция путём вычитания медианной звезды сравнения, полученной из 50 ближайших к источнику звёзд на снимке.
СРАВНЕНИЕ ГРАНУЛОМЕТРИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА КАМЧАТСКИХ ПЕПЛОВ С ЛУННЫМ РЕГОЛИТОМ
Authors:   ГЕОХИ РАН, Агапкин Иван
Published: January 2023

Вулканические пеплы по гранулометрическому составу довольно близки к лунному реголиту, это делает их подходящим материалом для разработки лунных грунтов аналогов.
ТОЛЩИНА КОРЫ ВЕНЕРЫ МЕТОДОМ НАГРУЗОЧНЫХ ЧИСЕЛ ЛЯВА
Authors:   ИФЗ РАН, Менщикова Тамара , Батов Алексей , Гудкова Тамара
Published: January 2023

В настоящей работе для расчёта толщины коры Венеры применяется метод чисел Лява. Метод учитывает подстройку планетных недр к нагрузкам на поверхности и в недрах. Численное моделирование проводится с использованием разложения по сферическим гармоникам данных топографии и гравитационного поля до 70-й степени. Проведено сравнение с имеющимися глобальными моделями коры Венеры.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ МАСС И ХАРАКТЕРНЫХ РАЗМЕРОВ СКОПЛЕНИЙ ГАЛАКТИК
Authors:   МФТИ, Нежин Александр , Лыскова Наталья ,   ИКИ РАН, Хабибуллин Ильдар
Published: January 2023

В настоящей работе описывается теория и практика моделирования процессов самоподобной аккреции вещества в сферически симметричных структурах, а также на примере модельных данных Gaia Challenge рассматриваются методы определения масс скоплений галактик по наблюдаемым параметрам. В конце статьи обсуждается возможность дальнейшего совместного применения полученных моделей для быстрого получения большого количества данных, которые могут быть использованы в качестве первых приближений для более сложных моделей.
СПУТНИКОВЫЙ МОНИТОРИНГ ПОТОКОВ СОЛНЕЧНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ ДЛЯ ЦЕЛЕЙ РАЗВИТИЯ ГЕЛИОЭНЕРГЕТИКИ В САРАТОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors:   Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет имени Н. Г. Чернышевского, Нейштадт Яков , Червяков Максим
Published: January 2023

Обсуждаются вопросы оценки климатических условий для решения задач солнечной энергетики на территории Саратовской области. Проведён сравнительный анализ наземных актинометрических данных Мирового радиационного центра Главной геофизической обсерватории и данных спутникового проекта CERES (NASA). На основе многолетних спутниковых данных для юго-востока европейской территории России исследована их сезонная и пространственная изменчивость. В результате проведённого анализа были раскрыты некоторые особенности поступления солнечной энергии. Выполнено районирование Саратовской области с использованием программы MapInfo на основе данных спутникового проекта CERES, что позволило дифференцировать территорию по особенностям радиационного режима. Сделан вывод о наиболее подходящей территории для расположения гелиоэнергетических станций.
História e Cultura da Corrupção dos Agentes Públicos no Brasil: Uma Leitura Transversal das obras de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Raymundo Faoro e Darcy Ribeiro
Authors: Fróes Couto Felipe , De Pádua Carrieri Alexandre , Araújo Leal Camila , Leão Wanderley Maria Teresa
Published: January 2023

Objetivo da Pesquisa: O objetivo deste ensaio é realizar uma leitura transversal das obras “Raízes do Brasil” (1995) de Sergio Buarque, “Os donos do poder” (2001) de Raymundo Faoro e “O povo Brasileiro” de Darcy Ribeiro (1995), analisando aspectos teóricos que tangenciem a construção histórica da corrupção dos agentes públicos no Brasil e suas implicações culturais.
Resultados: Holanda e Faoro apresentam como motivo da corrupção no Brasil o patrimonialismo, conforme a teoria weberiana. Noutro passo, Darcy Ribeiro apresenta como fundamento para essas práticas a relação entre as elites que, de forma conjunta, sempre trabalharam para manter seus privilégios, expiando o povo brasileiro.
Originalidade: Introduzimos ao leitor elementos históricos e culturais a respeito da formação política do país e a sua relação intrínseca com a corrupção, desafiando a tradição weberiana (patrimonialismo) e demonstrando as contradições existentes entre as versões da história propostas originariamente por Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e Raymundo Faoro e a narrativa dissidente construída por Darcy Ribeiro.
Contribuições Teóricas: Construímos uma narrativa crítica à tradição weberiana nos estudos nacionais sobre a corrupção. As contribuições propostas neste artigo têm implicações profundas em relação à cultura arraigada nos espaços organizacionais da Administração Pública. Os modos de gestão da coisa pública no país, historicamente, são pautados em três principais eixos que podem ser expandidos em futuras pesquisas: a) herança dos modos portugueses de governo, b) domínio das elites sobre o povo e c) alienação do povo em relação aos assuntos públicos.
Total Global Dominator Coloring of Trees and Unicyclic Graphs
Authors: K. P. Chithra , Mayamma Joseph
Published: January 2023

A total global dominator coloring of a graph  is a proper vertex coloring of  with respect to which every vertex  in  dominates a color class, not containing  and does not dominate another color class. The minimum number of colors required in such a coloring of  is called the total global dominator chromatic number, denoted by . In this paper, the total global dominator chromatic number of trees and unicyclic graphs are explored.
A Developed Colorimetric Assay Using Unmodified Gold Nanoparticles for the Identification of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from Different Clinical Samples
Authors: Sehree Mohamed M. , Al-Kaysi Amani M. , Abdullah Hanaa N.
Published: January 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii ) is considered a critical healthcare problem for patients in intensive care units due to its high ability to be multidrug-resistant to most commercially available antibiotics. The aim of this study is to develop a colorimetric assay to quantitatively detect the target DNA of A. baumannii based on unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from different clinical samples (burns, surgical wounds, sputum, blood and urine). A total of thirty-six A. baumannii clinical isolates were collected from five Iraqi hospitals in Erbil and Mosul provinces within the period from September 2020 to January 2021. Bacterial isolation and biochemical identification of isolates were carried out followed by DNA extraction from 36 isolates and six negative ATCC strains (Salmonalle typhi, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aures) and only one positive control ATCC A. baumannii using Phenol/Chloroform method. AuNPs were synthesized using the citrate reduction method and examined by XDR, FTIR, UV-VIS, FE-SEM, and TEM.  The optimized colorimetric assay was employed based on unmodified spherical AuNPs and PCR amplification of 16S rRNA intergenic spacer sequences (ITS) with species-specific DNA oligo-targeters. Detection and optimization of A. baumannii amplicons using unmodified AuNPs were performed based on species-specific DNA oligonucleotide. The AuNPs assay was able to colorimetrically detect and distinguish A. baumannii from other ATCC bacterial isolates. The turnaround time of this assay was about 3 hours, including sample preparation and amplification, to show (0.025-6 ngµl-1) as a detection limit of DNA concentration. The efficacy of colorimetric detection was proved to effectively diagnose A. baumannii isolates with high sensitivity, simplicity, and robustness to rapidly diagnose A. baumannii isolates from different clinical samples.
Phytochemical composition, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Anadara granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) collected from the east coast of South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Rozirwan  , Nanda  , Nugroho Redho Yoga , Diansyah Gusti , Muhtadi  , Fauziyah  , Putri Wike Ayu Eka , Agussalim Andi
Published: January 2023

Anadara granosa is a species of the class bivalve commonly found on the east coast of South Sumatra as a fishery commodity. This species has not been widely studied as a source of new bioactive compounds that have antioxidant abilities. This study aims to analyze the antioxidant ability of A. granosa against DPPH radicals and its phytochemical profile qualitatively. Samples were taken at the fishing port of Sungsang Village, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Furthermore, the samples were extracted using ethanol as a solvent and tested for antioxidants against DPPH radicals, total phenol analysis, and preliminary phytochemical test. Based on the antioxidant test results, the IC50 value of the ethanolic extract of A. granosa was 85 g/ml with ascorbic acid 2 g/ml as a comparison. Then, the ethanol extract contained a total of 10.7057 mgGAE/g phenol and the results of the phytochemical test contained bioactive compounds of alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The ethanolic extract of A. granosa contained bioactive compounds, which were reported to have potent antioxidant activity. The results of this study were expected to be important information in the latest report of the antioxidant activity of A. granosa species and contributed to the development of marine natural products.
Mathematical Models Used for Brachytherapy Treatment Planning Dose Calculation Algorithms
Authors: Kanwar Shefali , Gupta Surbhi
Published: January 2023

Brachytherapy treatment is primarily used for the certain handling kinds of cancerous tumors. Using radionuclides for the study of tumors has been studied for a very long time, but the introduction of mathematical models or radiobiological models has made treatment planning easy. Using mathematical models helps to compute the survival probabilities of irradiated tissues and cancer cells. With the expansion of using HDR-High dose rate Brachytherapy and LDR-low dose rate Brachytherapy for the treatment of cancer, it requires fractionated does treatment plan to irradiate the tumor. In this paper, authors have discussed dose calculation algorithms that are used in Brachytherapy treatment planning. Precise and less time-consuming calculations using 3D dose distribution for the patient is one of the important necessities in modern radiation oncology. For this it is required to have accurate algorithms which help in TPS. There are certain limitations with the algorithm which are used for calculating the dose. This work is done to evaluate the correctness of five algorithms that are presently employed for treatment planning, including pencil beam convolution (PBC), superposition (SP), anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA), Monte Carlo (MC), Clarkson Method, Fast Fourier Transform, Convolution method. The algorithms used in radiotherapy treatment planning are categorized as correction‐based and model‐based.
The Effect of Electrospinning Parameters on Morphological and Mechanical Properties of PAN-based Nanofibers Membrane
Authors: Al-Okaidy Haneen S. , Waisi Basma I.
Published: January 2023

The electrospun nanofibers membranes (ENMs) have gained great attention due to their superior performance. However, the low mechanical strength of ENMs, such as the rigidity and low strength, limits their applications in many aspects which need adequate strength, such as water filtration. This work investigates the impact of electrospinning parameters on the properties of ENMs fabricated from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solved in N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF). The studied electrospinning parameters were polymer concentration, solution flow rate, collector rotating speed, and the distance between the needle and collector. The fabricated ENMs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to understand the surface morphology and estimate the average fiber sizes. The membrane porosity percentage was measured using the dry-wet weight method. Also, a dynamic mechanical analyzer was used to determine the mechanical strength properties (tensile strength and Young's modulus) (DMA). The obtained results revealed that the polymer concentration and flow rate mainly affect the porosity and fiber size in ENMs. Increasing the polymer concentration improves the strength and flexibility, while the flow rate did not show a clear effect on the mechanical strength of ENMs. Both fibers collecting speed and spinning distance did not clearly impact the membrane morphology. ENMs flexibility significantly increased with increasing the collector speed and decreasing the spinning distance. Strong and flexible ENMs with small fibers can be fabricated using 10% PAN/DMF at a flow rate of 1 mL/h, collector speed of 140 rpm, and spinning distance of 13 cm.
First record of peregrine shrimp Metapenaeus stebbingi Nobili, 1904 (Crustacea, Decapoda: Penaeidae) in the Iraqi waters, North-West Arabian Gulf
Authors: Al-Maliky Tariq H Y , Khalaf Raghad Zaidan , Zeini Adib H
Published: January 2023

One male specimen of the species Metapenaeus stebbingi Nobili, 1904 was first recorded in November 2021 from the Iraqi territorial waters, Northwest of the Arabian Gulf. Therefore, the investigated shrimp species nominally corresponds to the original description of M. stebbing through the main diagnostic features. It must be adopted in the spread and expansion of species, a new record of the area, and a distinctive addition to the species of commercial shrimp within the Iraqi marine waters.
A New Model Design for Combating COVID -19 Pandemic Based on SVM and CNN Approaches
Authors: Alnedawe Sura Monther , Aljobouri Hadeel K.
Published: January 2023

In the current worldwide health crisis produced by coronavirus disease (COVID-19), researchers and medical specialists began looking for new ways to tackle the epidemic. According to recent studies, Machine Learning (ML) has been effectively deployed in the health sector. Medical imaging sources (radiography and computed tomography) have aided in the development of artificial intelligence(AI) strategies to tackle the coronavirus outbreak. As a result, a classical machine learning approach for coronavirus detection from      Computerized Tomography (CT) images was developed. In this study, the convolutional neural network (CNN) model for feature extraction and support vector machine (SVM) for the classification of axial lung CT-scans into two groups (COVID-19 and NonCOVID-19) had been proposed. A dataset used is 960 slices of CT scan collected from Iraqi patients /Ibn Al-Nafis teaching hospital. The performance metrics are used in this study (accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 scores). The results indicate that the proposed approach generated a high-quality model for the collected dataset, with an overall accuracy of 98.95% and an overall recall of 97 %.
The Ecological Risk Assessment of Mercury Contamination in a Mangrove Ecosystem of the Segara Anakan Cilacap, Indonesia
Authors: Hilmi Endang , Junaidi Teuku , Mahdiana Arif , Dewi Rose
Published: January 2023

Ecological risk assessment of mercury contaminant has a means to analyze the ecological risk aspect of ecosystem using the potential impact of mercury pollution in soil, water and organism. The ecological risk assessment in a coastal area can be shown by mangrove zonation, clustering and interpolation of mercury accumulation. This research aims to analyze ecological risk assessment of potential mercury (including bioaccumulation and translocation) using indicators of species distribution, clustering, zonation and interpolation of mercury accumulation. The results showed that the Segara Anakan had a high risk of mercury pollution, using indicators like as the potential of mercury contaminant in water body was 0137±0.0137 ppm, substrate and sediment were 0.0134±0.0212 ppm. To reduce the impact of mercury pollution could be conducted by mangrove planting, following the ability of mercury accumulation in stem and bark between 0.011 and 0.064 ppm, in mangrove roots between 0.0260 and 0.0690 ppm and in mangrove leaves between 0.0020 and 0.0120 ppm,. The second indicator of mangrove ability to reduce the impact of mercury contaminant used the indicator of bioaccumulation factors, which had a range between 0.0210 and 0.4751, and the translocation factors were between 0.0459 and 1.0547. The results also showed that: Avicennia marina, Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora apiculate, Rhizophora mucronata and Nypa frutican had a good ability to accumulate and reduce the impact of mercury contamination.
Using microalga Coelastrella sp. to remove some nutrients from wastewater invitro
Authors: Qader Muzhda Qasim , Shekha Yahya Ahmed
Published: January 2023

Microalgae have been increasingly used for wastewater treatment due to their capacity to assimilate nutrients. Samples of wastewater were taken from the Erbil wastewater channel near Dhahibha village in northern Iraq. The microalga Coelastrella sp. was used in three doses (0.2, 1, and 2g. l-1) in this experiment for 21 days, samples were periodically (every 3 days) analyzed for physicochemical parameters such as pH, EC, Phosphate, Nitrate, and BOD5, in addition to, Chlorophyll a concentration. Results showed that the highest dose 2g.l-1 was the most effective dose for removing nutrients, confirmed by significant differences (p≤0.05) between all doses. The highest removal percentage was recorded for ammonium pass 96% followed by NO3 with 95%, while BOD5 ranged from 88.7 to 93.5%. Decreases in nutrients coincided with an increase in chlorophyll-a content with the highest biomass on the 17th day of the experiment reaching 1.43 mg. l-1.
Assessment of Nutritional Status and habitual dietary intake of Indian Farm Women: Evidence from a Case Study in Central India
Authors: Khadatkar Abhijit , DUBEY U C , SAINI N , RAMADAS S
Published: January 2023

Background
Nutritional security for women working in agriculture is one of the most serious and persisting concerns in developing countries like India. The present study surveyed the dynamics of nutritional status based on dietary intake viz. calorie, carbohydrate, protein, fat, calcium, folic acid, iron, vitamin, carotene, etc. among the farm women in central India of Madhya Pradesh.
Methods
A total of 225 farm women (age group of 18 to 60 years) who were engaged in agriculture activities were selected for the study. The nutritional survey was done by a personal interview on food intake by a pre-tested interview schedule and daily dietary intake. The survey questionnaire includes information on family, socio-economic status, income, education, occupation, and food habit of the farm women. In this daily dietary intake, respondents were asked to list all the foods and beverages consumed for a whole day.
Results
The mean age, height, weight, and BMI of the respondents were 34.93 years, 1519 mm, 49.47 kg, and 21.5, respectively. Based on different grades of nutrition, BMI results indicated that 28% were underweight, 52.4% were normal, 17.8% were overweight and 1.8% were obese. Inequality (estimated by Gini coefficient) analysis showed that there is not much variation among the nutrient intake levels across the physical status of the respondents with the exception of carotene and vitamin C. The classification and regression tree analysis indicated that with the exception of fat, the rest of the nutrients didn’t turn significant in determining the farm women’s physical status in terms of weight. The analysis of the waist-hip ratio showed that the risk of metabolic diseases (such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc.) is higher in 31–40 years’ age group women.
Conclusions
Overall food frequency indicated that poor intake of micronutrients in their diet according to their work activity results in poor health status. The study affirmed that the actual intake of nutrients varied significantly across the physical status of the farm women, physical activities carried out, and their monthly income level. The study also suggests a slew of policy options to overcome the nutritional gap among farm women.
Stringent non-pharmaceutical interventions increased the incidence of drunk driving-related road traffic crashes
Authors: Liu Hui , Yu Qiwei , Chen Siyuan , Qu Ying , Tian Huaiyu , Hou Kun , Li Roujing , Chen Kuo , Zhang Liqiang
Published: January 2023

Drunk driving is one of the leading causes of traffic deaths in China. Although the non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in dramatic reductions in transport and mobility in 2020, to date, little is known about how drunk driving and related traffic crashes varied with the NPIs. We created a high-resolution and comprehensive drunk driving dataset. Based on 836,194 drunk driving in 335 cities in China from 2016 to 2020, we employ the causality models to examine and quantify trends in overall and subgroup drunk driving and related traffic crashes road traffic mortality throughout 2020. Subgroup analyses were done by place (urban and rural), sex, employment, education level, age group, geographical location (road, city, province and region), and by type of motor vehicle. Despite the marked reductions in drunk driving and related traffic crashes in 2020, the incidence of the induced traffic crashes increased during the stringent NPI period. Substantial differences persist across populations, locations and motor vehicles. Drunk driving occurred in the morning, at western China and rural catchment areas as well as drunk drivers aged 18–30, with high education background or white-collars have more declines. The drunk drivers aged 30–50, with high education levels, white-collar, female, and occurred at night, in the middle east China and urban areas have a higher incidence of traffic crash compared with other subgroups especially in Stage I. These comparable findings can inform decision-makers in planning precisely targeted interventions for cracking down on drunk driving during the events like public health arenas.