bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Daily Rainfall and Spatiotemporal Trends of Extreme Rainfall at Paraná Slope of the Itararé Watershed, Brazil
Authors: Terassi Paulo Miguel de Bodas , Oliveira Júnior José Francisco de , Gois Givanildo de , Sobral Bruno Serafini , Galvani Emerson , Biffi Vitor Hugo Rosa
Published: August 2020

Abstract The knowledge of intensity and frequency of rainfall allows establishing predictive measures to minimize impacts caused by high volume of rainfall totals in a region. Therefore, the objective is to evaluate daily rainfall for Paraná slope of the Itararé watershed (PSIW) and to verify the spatiotemporal trend of intense and extreme daily rainfall. Rainfall data from 14 stations collected from 1976 to 2012 were used with less than 4% of data faults. Multivariate analysis based on cluster analysis technique (CA) was used applying the Euclidean distance for the identification of homogeneous groups, and the quantiles technique to classify daily rainfall. The Mann-Kendall (MK) test was used to identify trends for annual rainfall totals, annual number of rainy days (ANRD) and for the occurrence of intense (R95p) and extreme (R99p) rainfall. The CA technique identified three rainfall groups (HG I, II and III). Given the latitudinal position of the area, rainfall at the southern sector is characterized by its greater similarities with the subtropical climate, whereas in the North sector there is a consistent reduction of rainfall totals in autumn and, especially, during winter months, which are characteristic of the tropical climate. The MK test identified the downward trend of ANRD, with greater significance for the south-centered sectors of the basin. The observed trends for the intense (R95p) and extreme (R99p) daily rainfall show the predominance of reduction for the Southwest and central sector, followed by a significant increase in the Southeast and North sectors of the PSIW.
Learning musculoskeletal anatomy through new technologies: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rodríguez-López Elena Sonsoles , Calvo-Moreno Sofía Olivia , Fernández-Pola Eduardo Cimadevilla , Fernández-Rodríguez Tomás , Guodemar-Pérez Jesús , Ruiz-López Montserrat
Published: August 2020

Objective: to investigate the influence of the application of new methodologies on learning and the motivation of students of the Anatomy discipline. Method: randomized, longitudinal, prospective, intervention study. Sixty-two students were recruited to assess the impact of different methodologies. The sample was randomized to compare the results of teaching with a 3D atlas, ultrasound and the traditional method. The parameters were assessed through a satisfaction evaluation questionnaire and anatomical charts. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine statistical significance. Results: in terms of the usefulness of the seminars, 98.1% of the students considered them to be very positive or positive, stating that they had stimulated their interest in anatomy. The students who learned with the 3D atlas improved their understanding of anatomy (p=0.040). In general, the students improved their grades by around 20%. Conclusion: the traditional method combined with new technologies increases the interest of students in human anatomy and enables them to acquire skills and competencies during the learning process.
Nurse empowerment through Pharmacogenetics
Authors: Moraes Jordana Carvalhaes de , Nunes Fernanda Daniela Dornelas , Coeli-Lacchini Fernanda Borchers , Miyazaki Anderson Heiji Lima , Flória-Santos Milena , Lacchini Riccardo
Published: August 2020

Objective: to verify the existence of elements that justify the use of pharmacogenetics by the Brazilian nurse. Method: this is a quantitative, cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study, whose final sample was 67 individuals. The participants were healthy at the time of the study and reported a history of previous use and the occurrence of adverse effects by drugs commonly used and metabolized by CYP2C9. We collected 4 mL of venous blood for subsequent DNA extraction by salting out method and genotyping of the CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 polymorphisms, using Polymerase Chain Reaction in real time using Taqman assays. Results: the use of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9 was frequent (more than 75% of the individuals have already used between 2 or 4 of these drugs). Regarding adverse events, there were 19 perceived symptomatic occurrences associated with drugs metabolized by CYP2C9. The allele frequency of the polymorphism * 2 and * 3 in the population studied was 11.1% and 7.5%, respectively, and there was a coincidence between the presence of alleles of low enzyme activity and the occurrence of adverse effects. Conclusion: there are elements that justify the adoption of pharmacogenetics in the nursing care to reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions to drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
Speech-language-hearing follow-up of preterm children: feeding and neuropsychomotor performance
Authors: Jesus Larissa Mayra Rossigali de , Basso Caroline Stefani Dias , Castiglioni Lilian , Monserrat Adriana Lucia , Arroyo Marta Alves da Silva
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to establish the breastfeeding rates at hospital discharge and post-discharge, analyze neuropsychomotor development, and indicate the rehabilitation referral rate of preterm children attended by speech-language-hearing therapists. Methods: a total of 39 preterm children participated in the study. They were born at a Children and Maternity Hospital between August 2016 and January 2017 and were followed up by the speech-language-hearing therapists during the hospital stay. The Spearman’s statistical test was used. The p-value was set at 0.005; the correlation value was: r = 0.10 to 0.39, weak correlation; r = 0.40 to 0.69, moderate correlation; and r = 0.70 to 1, strong correlation. Results: of the 39 participants, 17 (43.6%) were discharged on exclusive breastfeeding; 4 (10.25%), on mixed milk feeding (breast and cup); 14 (35.9%), on mixed milk feeding (breast and baby bottle); and 4 (10.25%), on artificial milk feeding - baby bottle. After introducing solid food, 12.8% remained on breastfeeding, 38.4% on mixed milk feeding, and 48.7% in artificial milk feeding. Complementary feeding was introduced at 5 months (adjusted age). Auditory, motor and language development occurred as expected in 90% of the children, considering the milestone’s adjusted age. Conclusion: at hospital discharge, most infants were on exclusive or mixed breastfeeding. After discharge, mixed breastfeeding lasted longer, and low neuropsychomotor development impairment rates and rehabilitation referral rates were observed.
Post-stroke dysphagia: an analysis of the competences of the care processes of the interdisciplinary team
Authors: Felipe Nathalya Tavares Camelo , Matos Klayne Cunha , Siqueira Amanda Holanda Severo , Melo Thaissa Pinto de
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the competencies of the interprofessional team in the care of dysphagic stroke patients. Methods: an exploratory-descriptive, qualitative study. The research participants i.e., nursing technicians, nurses, physiotherapists, speech therapists and physicians that provided care to patients with stroke in the acute and subacute phase, were randomly selected. The study setting was a stroke unit and neurological ward of the neurology referral hospital for Ceará State, Brazil. Data collection was performed through a semi-structured and recorded interview. The recorded data were organized and analyzed, according to the thematic analysis technique proposed by Bardin. Results: based on the statements, three main categories were developed: “conceptualizing and identifying dysphagia”, “knowledge about the prevention of bronchoaspiration in stroke patients” and “bronchoaspiration as a complication of dysphagia”. The providers’ statements revealed that some experienced doubts and even unawareness about what dysphagia is. Conclusion: the present study showed a complexity of care for stroke patients with dysphagia. Therefore, this scenario reflects the need for continuing education in the service and for interdisciplinarity among professional categories.
Territorial distribution and quality indicators of compulsory Neonatal Hearing Screening in Brazil after Law 12,303/2010
Authors: Ribeiro Georgea Espindola , Weber Silke Anna Theresa , Silva Daniela Polo Camargo da
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to survey the national literature after the universal neonatal hearing screening became compulsory, addressing aspects related to its territorial distribution, the screening procedures employed, and verify whether the internationally proposed quality indicators have been achieved. Methods: an integrative review of articles indexed in the BIREME, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Inclusion criteria: Articles in Portuguese and English published after Law 12,303/2010 was passed, whose theme was the neonatal hearing screening in Brazil. Exclusion criteria: Information from books and/or chapters, integrative review articles or reflexive articles, studies conducted in other countries, and studies approaching a specific subpopulation. The search strategy combined the following descriptors in Portuguese and English, respectively: “Triagem Neonatal”, “Perda auditiva”, “Recém-nascido”, “Brasil”, “Neonatal Screenings”, “Hearing Loss”, “Newborn”, “Brazil”. Results: of the 224 articles found, 26 were duplicates, 38 were books or book chapters, three were integrative reviews, 20 were studies conducted in other countries, and 120 were either reflexive articles or studies approaching a specific subpopulation. The final sample comprised 17 articles that addressed the proposed theme. Conclusion: the South and Southeast Regions of Brazil concentrated most of the programs, and the main technique employed was the evoked otoacoustic emissions. Two quality indicators were achieved: performance rates within the first month of life, and diagnosis referral rates. However, the coverage rates remained below the expectation, and there were still high retest referral rates, high nonattendance rates in the subsequent stages, low satisfactory retest result rates, and a large number of “fail” in the two screening stages.
Lean Healthcare in the institutional, professional, and patient perspective: an integrative review
Authors: Fernandes Hellen Maria de Lima Graf , Jesus Mariana Véo Nery de , Silva Dirceu da , Guirardello Edinêis de Brito
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the scientific evidences in the literature about the evaluation of Lean Healthcare after its implementation. Method: An integrative review conducted in the CINAHL, Scopus, WOS, and Embase databases, and in the PubMed portal, resulting in 18 articles published in English, Spanish and Portuguese, from 2008 to 2019. Results: The findings were categorized into results for the institution, professional, and patient. The predominant category was institutional, with cost analysis and increased productivity, followed by the professional, with job satisfaction and leadership, and finally the patient, with satisfaction, attitudes, and behaviors. Conclusion: This study reinforces the need to establish, for management, a systematic method of monitoring the results achieved in the Lean Healthcare implementation phase. Since the value in this method is defined by the patient, further research in this aspect may lead to new evidence.
Quality of the hospital infection control programs: an integrative review
Authors: Alvim André Luiz Silva , Couto Bráulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho , Gazzinelli Andrea
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the quality of health in relation to the components of structure, process, and outcome in actions for the prevention and control of infections. Method: An integrative literature review in the LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO databases. The time delimitation covered articles published between January 2009 and May 2019. Results: The final sample consisted of 10 articles published, mainly in Scopus (60%), and in Web of Science (30%). The structural elements varied among the study countries, suggesting opportunities for improvement of organizational characteristics and human resources. Regarding the process of the implemented routines, inconsistencies were found to comply with the guidelines. The result component was not emphasized among the studies included in the review. Conclusion: The quality of hospital infection control programs has yet to be improved among the health services, highlighting the need for investment in the structure, process, and outcome components.
Instruments for assessing professional nursing practice environments: An integrative review
Authors: Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes , Vicente Corália Maria Fortuna de Brito , Martins Maria Manuela Ferreira Pereira da Silva , Vandresen Lara , Silva João Miguel Almeida Ventura da
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the instruments used to evaluate the professional nursing practice environments in the hospital context. Method: An integrative review, whose research process was conducted independently by two researchers in the period from July to August 2019 in the CINHAL, PubMed and SciELO databases. Results: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 53 studies published between 2009 and 2019 were considered for analysis. Ten instruments and three thematic areas were identified: instruments for the assessment of the nursing professional practice environments; implications of the use of instruments for the assessment of nursing professional practice environments; limitations of the instruments for the assessment of nursing professional practice environments. Conclusion: Despite the relevance of the instruments identified, this integrative review provides contributions that support the need to use specific tools to assess the nursing practice environments that include the structure, process and outcome components.
#FraudenasUrnas: estratégias discursivas de desinformação no Twitter nas eleições 2018
Authors: Recuero Raquel
Published: August 2020

RESUMO Este artigo busca analisar as estratégias discursivas utilizadas para legitimar desinformação na mídia social e, de modo particular, no Twitter. Para tanto, utilizamos dados que tratam de suspeitas sobre supostas fraudes nas urnas eletrônicas durante o segundo turno das eleições presidenciais de 2018. A partir de um conjunto de dados de 276.875 retweets e 84.577 tweets unicamente com desinformação, extraídos das conversações políticas na ferramenta, examinamos os cinquenta tweets com maior número de retweets e suas estratégias de legitimação a partir de Van Leeuwen (2007). Como resultado, observamos que tweets ancorados em estratégias de autoridade pessoal e avaliação moral obtiveram maior sucesso em sua legitimação. Deste modo, usuários com autoridade nos canais de mídia social têm importância significativa para espalhar esse tipo de discurso.
El proceso de planificación previa en la escritura colaborativa de textos en educación primaria
Authors: Aznárez-Mauleón Mónica , López-Flamarique Maite
Published: August 2020

RESUMEN Este trabajo, de carácter descriptivo y cualitativo, investiga las operaciones o subprocesos de planificación textual que lleva a cabo el alumnado de primaria así como las técnicas que emplea en la elaboración de borradores. La investigación se basa en los modelos cognitivos de la escritura y en los principios de la teoría sociocultural del aprendizaje. Para llevar a cabo el estudio, se analizan los episodios encontrados en las interacciones orales de 11 parejas de 5º de primaria de un centro de la región de Navarra (España) y los borradores que estas elaboran en el contexto de una tarea de escritura conjunta de textos expositivo-argumentativos. Los resultados muestran que, en general, el alumnado atiende principalmente al subproceso de generación de ideas, y, en menor medida, a aspectos metalingüísticos, estéticos y de gestión de la tarea. Respecto a las técnicas, se observa que solo seis parejas las utilizan y que presentan diferente nivel de complejidad. Estos resultados, junto a la gran variabilidad encontrada, evidencian la necesidad de trabajar este proceso de manera específica y sistemática en esta etapa.
O conhecimento da Guarda Municipal de Curitiba a respeito da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras), da surdez e do surdo
Authors: Pereira Adriano de Souza , Berberian Ana Paula , Iachinski Luci Teixeira , Lisboa Tânia Rodrigues , Tonocchi Rita , Massi Giselle , Bortolozzi Kyrlian Bartira , Guarinello Ana Cristina
Published: August 2020

RESUMO Introdução: No Brasil, há um número considerável de pessoas com surdez, usuárias de língua de sinais, as quais deveriam ter acesso à igualdade de oportunidades. Apesar disso, a língua de sinais ainda é desconhecida por parte da população brasileira, especialmente os que trabalham em órgãos públicos, negando seus direitos de igualdade. Assim, em geral, vários profissionais, entre esses os guardas municipais, não estão preparados para a diversidade. Objetivo: Investigar o conhecimento dos membros da guarda municipal (GM) de Curitiba a respeito dos surdos, da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) e das práticas de atendimento diante da necessidade de interagir com cidadãos surdos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal de natureza mista, cuja coleta de dados se deu por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado, respondido por 50 policiais da GM, com perguntas a respeito do conhecimento deles sobre os surdos e a língua de sinais e das práticas de atendimento realizadas por membros da corporação com pessoas surdas. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados em percentuais quantitativos e eixos de análise qualitativa, sob a Análise do Conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Os resultados demonstram que os participantes possuem conhecimento limitado da surdez e da Libras. Conclusão: A maioria dos integrantes da GM da cidade possui uma visão de surdos e da Língua Brasileira de Sinais baseada em uma perspectiva orgânica da surdez. Além disso, foi possível observar que, durante as práticas de atendimento desses servidores públicos com um cidadão surdo, muitos não conseguiram interagir nem se comunicar.
Desafios e oportunidades para a formação em Saúde do Trabalhador na Atenção Básica à Saúde: subsídios para estratégias de intervenção
Authors: Camara Erika Amorim Raposo da , Belo Mariana Soares da Silva Peixoto , Peres Frederico
Published: August 2020

Resumo Objetivo: identificar e analisar os principais desafios e oportunidades relacionados à formação de trabalhadores e profissionais da saúde, no que tange a perspectiva de incorporação das ações de saúde do trabalhador no âmbito da Atenção Básica. Métodos: estudo exploratório-descritivo, baseado na revisão de artigos e documentos de acesso público que subsidiaram a construção de matrizes SWOT (do inglês strengths, weaknesses, opportunities e threats) para as interfaces entre os campos da Saúde do Trabalhador, Atenção Básica e Gestão de Serviços e Programas de Saúde. Resultados: a análise dos dados evidenciou desafios e oportunidades para a formação de trabalhadores em quatro áreas de interface dos referidos campos, cada qual com demandas específicas, desde a formação acadêmica (ênfase nos mestrados acadêmicos e doutorados) até a formação em serviços (ênfase nas residências multiprofissionais e mestrados profissionais). Discussão: a partir da análise dos campos de interface evidenciados, espera-se contribuir para o desenvolvimento de programas que considerem a centralidade dos determinantes sociais e ambientais das relações saúde-trabalho e que contemple a diversidade de modalidades formativas adequadas para o fortalecimento das estratégias de intervenção em Saúde do Trabalhador no SUS.
Saúde e segurança de profissionais de saúde no atendimento a pacientes no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19: revisão de literatura
Authors: Ribeiro Adalgisa Peixoto , Oliveira Graziella Lage , Silva Luiz Sergio , Souza Edinilsa Ramos de
Published: August 2020

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a produção científica sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores da Saúde que atendem pacientes no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: realizou-se revisão de literatura que incluiu artigos publicados em 2020, indexados nas bases PubMed, Web of Science e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (Medline e Lilacs). Resultados: foram analisados 52 artigos, segundo grupo profissional estudado, país onde a pesquisa foi realizada, tipo de estudo e tema abordado. Os conhecimentos e questões mais atuais e relevantes e as lacunas existentes sobre o tema foram evidenciados e discutidos do ponto de vista da Saúde Coletiva, particularmente da Saúde do Trabalhador. Mais da metade dos documentos foi produzida na China (55,7%) e focalizou as diferentes categorias profissionais de saúde em conjunto (57,7%). Estudos do tipo ensaio/opinião (46,1%) e estudos transversais (30,8%) foram os mais frequentes. Os temas destacados foram o conhecimento dos profissionais sobre a doença, os casos de COVID-19 entre os profissionais, a saúde mental dos trabalhadores da saúde e a segurança no trabalho. Conclusão: os estudos publicados no início da pandemia destacam a insuficiência de conhecimentos atualizados e falhas na proteção da saúde dos trabalhadores e recomendam o gerenciamento dos processos e locais de trabalho, dos casos de COVID-19, das políticas públicas e dos direitos dos trabalhadores.
Fatores de riscos psicossociais no trabalho: limitações para uma abordagem integral da saúde mental relacionada ao trabalho
Authors: Pereira Ana Carolina Lemos , Souza Heloisa Aparecida , Lucca Sergio Roberto de , Iguti Aparecida Mari
Published: August 2020

Resumo Introdução: os riscos psicossociais são apontados como fatores que podem contribuir ou mesmo desencadear estresse, adoecimento físico e mental nos trabalhadores. Objetivo: contribuir com o debate a respeito das limitações dos fatores de riscos psicossociais no trabalho e refletir sobre a necessidade de uma abordagem ampliada e integral na atenção à saúde mental dos trabalhadores. Métodos: estudo qualitativo baseado em levantamento bibliográfico e análise documental. Realiza-se uma breve contextualização do mundo do trabalho, apresentam-se dados sobre o adoecimento mental dos trabalhadores e as diversas concepções dos fatores de riscos psicossociais presentes na literatura internacional, bem como as orientações fornecidas pela legislação brasileira. Discussão: problematizam-se as avaliações psicossociais na forma como têm sido realizadas no Brasil e as limitações do uso de instrumentos quantitativos. Apresenta-se uma abordagem ampliada e integral para a compreensão do adoecimento dos trabalhadores, apontando para a necessidade de se considerar os diversos elementos políticos, econômicos, sociais, culturais, ambientais e intrapsíquicos no processo de desgaste mental da classe trabalhadora.
Intensity and frequency of moral distress in Brazilian nurses
Authors: Ramos Flavia Regina Souza , Barth Priscila Orlandi , Brehmer Laura Cavalcanti de Farias , Dalmolin Graziele de Lima , Vargas Mara Ambrosina , Schneider Dulcinéia Ghizoni
Published: August 2020

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the frequency and intensity of moral distress in Brazilian nurses. Method: Cross-sectional study performed with nurses from 27 Brazilian states through application of the Brazilian Moral Distress Scale in Nurses (Portuguese acronym: EDME-Br) and descriptive statistical analysis. Results: Participation of 1,226 Brazilian nurses in the study. The intensity and frequency of overall moral distress were rated as moderate level, with averages of 3.08 (± 1.45) and 2.94 (± 1.37), respectively. Specifically, the highest intensity and frequency was related to the factors Acknowledgement, power and professional identity and Work teams, while the lowest was related to the factor Defense of values and rights. Conclusion: Moral distress occurs in precarious work environments, with little expressiveness of the nurses’ role. One highlights the importance of the problem in terms of its amplitude and multicausality, reaching professionals acting in different work contexts.
Evaluating the “satisfaction” and “self-confidence” in nursing students in undergoing simulated clinical experiences
Authors: Souza Cristiane Chaves de , Santos Willians Guilherme dos , Salgado Patrícia de Oliveira , Junior Pedro Paulo do Prado , Toledo Luana Vieira , Paiva Luciano Côrtes
Published: August 2020

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the “satisfaction” and “self-confidence” constructs in nursing students who underwent simulated clinical experiences in semiology and semiotechnique disciplines. Method: A descriptive study developed with Nursing students from a federal public university in the interior of Minas Gerais through weekly simulated workshops. The “satisfaction” and “self-confidence” constructs were evaluated by the “Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence with Learning Scale” and “Simulated Clinical Experiences Satisfaction Scale”. Results: The final sample was 45 students. Most were more satisfied (overall average = 4.18) than self-confident (overall average = 4.12). The Spearman correlation test identified a significant and positive association between the “satisfaction” and “self-confidence” constructs. Conclusion: Students feel self-confident and satisfied with the use of simulation as an active teaching-learning methodology, highlighting that the higher the satisfaction level, the greater the student’s self-confidence.
The impact of work on the health of nursing professionals
Authors: Pimenta Cláudia Jeane Lopes , Silva Cleane Rosa Ribeiro da , Bezerra Thaíse Alves , Costa Tatiana Ferreira da , Oliveira Jacira dos Santos , Costa Kátia Neyla de Freitas Macedo
Published: August 2020

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the impact of work on nursing professionals’ health. Method: This is a cross-sectional and quantitative study conducted with nurses from a university hospital in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected through interviews using an instrument to obtain sociodemographic data and health conditions and the Pleasure and Suffering Indicators at Work Scale (PSIWS). Results: There were 152 nurses who participated. The Experience of Pleasure and its domains were rated as satisfactory, while Suffering Factors and their domains were critically evaluated. Statistically significant associations were observed (p≤0.05) between the indicators of pleasure and suffering and some health conditions, health problems and medication use. Conclusion: Satisfactory levels of pleasure were associated with better health conditions and critical levels of suffering were associated with worse health conditions.
COVID-19 E OS NOVOS MODOS DE INTERAÇÃO NA ASSISTÊNCIA PALIATIVA
Authors: Frossard Andrea Georgia De Souza , Aguiar Aline Baptista
Published: August 2020

No atual cenário mundial, testemunham-se os enormes esforços das sociedades no enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19. O forçado distanciamento social traz diversos impactos na vida social, o que intensifica o uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs). Objetiva-se o acompanhamento da dinâmica social em um cenário pandêmico, a fim de projetar novas tendências aos processos de acolhimento na assistência paliativa. Utiliza-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e telematizada. No contexto brasileiro, a incorporação das tecnologias direcionadas à qualidade de vida tende a mediar definitivamente as relações entre paliativista e seu público assistido. Conclui-se que o uso intensivo das TICs tem dupla faceta: agrega e facilita a comunicação entre pessoas, grupos e serviços e, ao mesmo tempo, mostra-se inacessível pelo fato de essas tecnologias serem distribuídas desigualmente entre a população. Afirma-se como necessária a redução de assimetrias por meio do estabelecimento de políticas públicas.
Environmental impact and mechanical improvement of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation-treated coal fly ash–soil mixture
Authors: Zhang Junke , Su Peidong , Wen Kejun , Li Yadong , Li Lin
Published: August 2020

Reuse of coal fly ash (CFA) as construction materials is one of the sustainable methods for mitigating its environmental impacts. However, the potential leaching of heavy metals and the limited effect on mechanical improvement impede the reuse of CFA. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of environmental impact and mechanical improvement of the microbially induced calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation (MICP) process on the CFA–soil mixture. Two resources of CFA, named CFA1 and CFA2, were used. CFA1 is classified as off-specification fly ash, and CFA2 is classified as class F-type fly ash. Experimental results showed that the unconfined compressive stress (UCS) of MICP-treated soil increased significantly with the addition of CFA. The MICP-treated 3% CFA1–soil mixture obtained the highest UCS of 2200 kPa, which was much higher than that of the MICP-treated soil (798 kPa). The maximum UCS of the MICP-treated 3% CFA2–soil mixture was 1398 kPa. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the main mineral crystal pattern present in the MICP-treated samples was calcite. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the formed calcium carbonate worked as a bridge to connect soil particles together, attached to the surface of soil or located in the pore side of soil particles. In addition, the batch leaching test indicated that cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) were detected in the MICP-treated soil. With the addition of CFA, there was no metal exceeding the maximum contaminant level from the MICP-treated CFA1–soil mixture.
Effect of pore fluid pH on the collapse behaviour and microstructural evolution of a loess
Authors: Siddiqua Sumi , Bigdeli Amin , Cherian Chinchu
Published: August 2020

This study investigated the role of pore fluid pH in governing the microstructural characteristics of loess soil and its ultimate effect on collapse mechanisms. A series of standard oedometer tests was conducted to evaluate the impact of acidic and alkaline pore fluid pH on the collapse behaviour of loess. The microstructural characterisation of soil exposed to different values of pore fluid pH was done by performing microscopic analysis of specimens before and after oedometer tests. In addition, the obtained micrographs were processed using an image analysis tool in order to interpret the influence of different pore fluid pH interactions on the evolution of soil pore-size distribution characteristics. The results obtained in this study indicated that the pore fluid pH has significant effect on the structural stability of loess and on the evolution of pore-size distribution during consolidation and consequently, on its wetting-induced collapse behaviour.
sci-ATAC-seq3 v1
Authors: Domcke Silvia , J. Hill Andrew , M. Daza Riza , Trapnell Cole , A. Cusanovich Darren , Shendure Jay
Published: August 2020

We developed an improved assay for single cell profiling of chromatin accessibility that both uses three levels of combinatorial indexing and, in contrast with previous iterations of sci-ATAC-seq and related methods, does not rely on molecularly barcoded Tn5 complexes (sci-ATAC-seq3). Rather, the first two rounds of indexing are achieved by ligation to either end of the conventional, uniformly loaded Tn5 transposase complex (standard Nextera™), while the final round of indexing remains through PCR. Relative to two-level sci-ATAC-seq but similar to sci-RNA-seq3, sci-ATAC-seq3 reduces the per-cell cost of library preparation as well as the rate of collisions, opening the door to experiments on the scale of 10^6 cells. This protocol no longer requires cell sorting, and we also optimized ligase and polymerase choice, kinase concentration, and oligo designs and concentrations, to maximize the number of fragments recovered from each cell. Of note, while maintaining an enrichment in accessible regions, we made the explicit choice to maximize complexity at the expense of specificity for accessible sites. In particular, we found that the fixation conditions could be tuned to adjust the sensitivity (i.e. complexity) vs. specificity (i.e. enrichment in accessible sites) of the assay.
Activity of antioxidant enzymes in serum of rats under conditions of carrageenan-induced joint inflammation and prophylactic administration of chondroitin sulfate
Authors: Kot L. , Yurchenko L. , Shepeleva A. , Dvorshchenko K.
Published: August 2020

Among the diseases of the musculoskeletal system, the leading place is occupied by joint diseases. It is important to conduct effective prevention of these diseases in order to stop or slow down the development of pathological changes in the body. In this regard, an important issue is the search for means to restore joints. Promising in the prevention and treatment of joint diseases is the use of chondroitin sulfate, which is a natural component of the intercellular substance of cartilage.
The aim of this work was to investigate the prophylactic effect of chondroitin sulfate on the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in rat blood serum under conditions of carrageenan-induced joint inflammation.
The studies were conducted on white non-linear, sexually mature male rats weighing 180–240 g, in compliance with the general ethical principles of experiments on animals. All animals were divided into four experimental groups. The first group – control: animals sub-planar injected 0.1 ml of 0,9 % NaCl solution into the posterior right limb. The second group – animals received a therapeutic dose of 3 mg x kg-1 chondroitin sulfate daily for 28 days daily. The third group – animals were infused intramuscularly with 0,1 ml of 0,9 % NaCl solution in the posterior right limb for 28 days and for 29 days inflammatory edema of the limb was stimulated (animals were sub-planar injected with 0,1 ml of 1% carrageenan solution to the posterior right limb ) The fourth group – for 28 days rats were daily intramuscularly injected with a therapeutic dose of 3 mg x kg-1 chondroitin sulfate, after which on 29th day, inflammatory edema of the limb was stimulated. The total number of animals involved in experimental studies was 40 individuals. Superoxide dismutase activity was assessed by the ability of the enzyme to compete with nitro blue tetrazolium for superoxide radicals. Catalase activity was measured by the amount of intact hydrogen peroxide in the sample. Protein content was measured by the Lowry method.

It was revealed that under conditions of carrageenan-induced joint inflammation in the blood serum, the antioxidant defense system is disrupted: the activity of superoxide dismutase decreases by 1,5 times, while the catalase activity increases by 2,1 times compared to the control. Prophylactic administration of chondroitin sulfate to animals with carrageenan-induced joint inflammation contributes to the restoration of the antioxidant system.
The species composition of naked amoeba in epiphytic mosses of Zhytomyr region
Authors: Patsyuk M.
Published: August 2020

From epiphytic habitats of Zhytomyr region we identified 16 species of naked amoebae. This species: Vahlkampfia sp. (1), Saccamoeba stagnicola (Page, 1974), Saccamoeba sp. (1), Cashia limacoides (Page, 1974), Korotnevella sp. (1), Vexillifera sp., Ripella platypodia (Smirnov, Nassonova, Chao et Cavalier-Smith, 2007), Ripella sp., Cochliopodium sp. (1), Mayorella cantabrigiensis (Page, 1983), Mayorella sp., Thecamoeba striata Penard, 1890, Thecamoeba sp., Stenamoeba stenopodia (Page, 1969; Smirnov et al., 2007), Acanthamoeba sp. (1), Stygamoeba polymorpha (Sawyer, 1975). The most common were the amoebae Cochliopodium sp., Acanthamoeba sp. (1), S. stenopodia, Vexillifera sp., the least common – T. striata, R. platypodia, Mayorella sp., S. stagnicola, Saccamoeba sp. (1), S. polymorpha. On the species composition of the naked amoebae in epiphytic habitats Zhytomyr region is affected by the humidity of the substrate: a decrease in humidity reduced the species richness of amoebae. The connection of the species composition of amoebae with height above the ground with increasing height above the ground decreases the species composition of amoebae. At the levels of 0–1,5 m, the most common amoeba occur (S. stenopodia, Cochliopodium sp. (1), M. cantabrigiensis, Acanthamoeba sp. (1)), at a height of 1–1,5 m, most amoeba disappear and the least appears common view of Thecamoeba sp. In wet mosses dominating species Vahlkampfia sp. (1), Vahlkampfia sp. (2), R. platypodia, S. stenopodia, Cochliopodium sp. (1), M. cantabrigiensis, Acanthamoeba sp. (1), dry epiphytes of the study area met C. limacoides, Korotnevella sp. (1), S. polymorpha. The most heterogeneous complexes of the wet habitats, while dry – fairly uniform. We identified all species can be considered everybody, meet as in mosses and aquatic and soil habitats.
Comprehensive assessment of the pelvic floor in women: new approaches to the prediction of pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Musin Ilnur I.
Published: August 2020

Hypothesis/aims of study. Despite the growing prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction in women in the postpartum period, there is still no consensus on its etiology and pathogenesis. The prerequisite for serious disorders to occur in the future is the initial stages of pelvic floor dysfunction after childbirth, despite the fact that they occur without severe symptoms and, remaining undiagnosed in a timely manner, further reduce the quality of life of women. Despite the availability of information on causal relationships between childbirth and the appearance of pelvic floor dysfunctions, this knowledge among women of reproductive age is still limited, which warrants further study. A number of methods have been developed to assess the pelvic floor, among which are non-invasive techniques, including a quantitative assessment of the strength of contractions of the pelvic floor muscles, as well as techniques that assess the microcirculation of the vaginal wall. The aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters of the strength of contractions of the pelvic floor muscles and to identify possible correlations between the obtained parameters.
Study design, materials and methods. The study was carried out using methods for measuring the blood microcirculation of the vaginal wall using laser Doppler blood flowmetry in women after the first birth.
Results. We obtained indicators of the strength of contractions of the pelvic floor muscles and indicators of the blood microcirculation of the vaginal wall in primary women, and we revealed the dependence of the obtained indicators on the weight and age of the mother, as well as the weight of the fetus at birth.
Conclusion. The obtained indicators will allow a comprehensive assessment of the pelvic floor in primiparous women, as well as to identify possible risk groups for genital prolapse development in the future.
Search for new diagnostic markers of renal function in pregnant women
Authors: Khudovekova Alexandra M. , Mozgovaya Elena V. , Ponamaryova Lyudmila A. , Tumasova Zhanna N.
Published: August 2020

Over the past few years, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in pregnant women has been increasing rapidly, which is one of the most important problems of obstetrics, urology, and nephrology. The severity of the disease is assessed by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). However, modern formulas of GFR give errors, therefore, it is necessary to search for new diagnostic markers of renal function in pregnant women. It is believed that elimination of cystatin C from the circulation by more than 99% is carried out by the kidneys. In an intact form, this molecule is not thought to undergo either tubular reabsorption or secretion. In this sense, cystatin C can be considered an almost ideal marker of GFR. This article discusses the possibilities of using cystatin C as a marker of renal function in pregnant women.
The impact of maternal obesity and diabetes on fetal brain development (mechanisms and prevention)
Authors: Evsyukova Inna I.
Published: August 2020

The review presents the results of clinical and experimental studies that indicate a high frequency of neuropsychiatric diseases and mechanisms of adverse effects during intrauterine development, determining long-term effects in offspring of obese and / or diabetic mothers. Approaches to prevention in the planning stage and during pregnancy are also discussed in the review.
Effect of genital endometriosis on fertility and gestation course
Authors: Yarmolinskaya Maria I. , Seyidova Chimnaz I.
Published: August 2020

Hypothesis/aims of study. Endometriosis is a multifactorial, chronic and recurring condition that has a multifaceted negative impact on womens fertility. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of genital endometriosis on the female reproductive system and pregnancy using the literature.
Study design, materials and methods. The review was performed by analyzing the articles published mainly over the last 5 years and deposited in PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, and Cyberleninka bibliographic databases.
Results. Current data for the management of patients with endometriosis, pathogenetic and pathophysiological mechanisms of infertility, and complications arising during pregnancy in patients with endometriosis are presented in this review article.
Conclusion. In patients with endometriosis, individualized management of the disease, full periconceptional multivitamin supplementation and the developed strategy of prenatal care should be taken to overcome infertility and to prevent or minimize the risk of complications associated with pregnancy.
Clinical case of pubic symphysis diastasis in a pregnant woman with atypical clinical features
Authors: Mochalova Marina N. , Mudrov Viktor A. , Alexeyeva Anastasia Yu.
Published: August 2020

This article presents a clinical case of pubic symphysis diastasis in a pregnant woman with atypical clinical features. From 24 weeks of gestation, the patient noticed an intermittent low back aching pain radiated to posterior surface of the right thigh. The pain was regarded as a manifestation of lumbar osteochondrosis, and the patient did not receive specific treatment. At 39-40 weeks of pregnancy, the woman complained of severe pain in the left iliac region that appeared while lying on the left side or turning in bed. The differential diagnosis included acute abdomen and pubic symphysis diastasis. During diagnostic research, clinical features of acute abdomen were not found. The diagnostic tests such as tenderness palpation of pubic symphysis, P4 test, Patricks test, modified Trendelenburgs test, and Mennells test were positive. According to ultrasound, the width of the pubic symphysis was 8.9 mm, with a 2 mm deviation of pubic ramus relative to the sagittal plane, ill-defined margin and inhomogeneous structure of the symphysis due to hypoechogenic inclusions with a total area of about 50%. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with pubic symphysis diastasis of the 2nd degree. Given the severe pain syndrome and a high risk of pubic symphysis fracture during labor, this case required surgical delivery. The postoperative period elapsed without complication.
Association of expression of pSTAT3, pAKT1 with the survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Vaneeva E V , Rosin V A , Dyakonov D A , Samarina S V
Published: August 2020

Aim. To assess the relationship between isolated and combined expression of pSTAT3, pACT1 in tumor cells with the survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

Methods. The study included 100 patients with the first diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, observed in the institute's clinic between 2010 and 2018 who received standard first-line R-CHOP (rituximab + cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) chemotherapy. The relative number of expressing pSTAT3 and pAKT1 tumor cells was determined by using immunohistochemical and morphometric methods. The optimal cut-off level of expression on tumor cells estimated by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for pSTAT3 was 68% and for pACT1 70%. Given these values, all patients with DLBCL were divided into groups with a high and low degree of expression of the biomarkers. As a result, 53 patients were enrolled in the pSTAT3 high expression group (68% tumor cells) and 47 patients to the pSTAT3 low expression group (68% tumor cells). Spearmans correlation coefficient was used to examine relationships. Overall survival and event-free survival were estimated by KaplanMeier curves. The log-rank test was used for groups comparison.

Results. The five-year overall survival rate in the pSTAT3 high expression group was 55% versus 87% in the low expression group, p=0.015. A significant difference was found in the assessment of event-free survival: 43% for the group of pSTAT3 high expression, 66% for the group of low expression, p=0.011. A statistically significant value of a high level of pACT1 expression was revealed for 5-year overall and event-free survival (p 0.001 and p=0.003). Overall survival rate was 81% for the pACT1 low expression group and 43% for the high expression group while event-free survival rate was 64 and 41%, respectively. Also, patients with рАКТ1+/рSTAT3+ (high level) co-expression had extremely low rates of overall and event-free survival rates compared with the рАКТ1/рSTAT3 (low level) group (p=0.001; p 0.001).

Conclusion. The pSTAT3 and pAKT1 biomarkers can be used as additional prognosis criteria for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
The features of the intrafascicular structure of the thoracodorsal nerve trunk in terms of ­restoring afferent innervation in breast reconstruction
Authors: Gorbunov N S , Kober K V , Kasparov E V , Protasyuk E N
Published: August 2020

Aim. To study of anatomical and topographic features and the intrafascicular structure of the thoracodorsal nerve trunk in the brachial plexus.
Methods. The study was performed on the brachial plexus preparations of 80 male and female corpses. Short and long branches, secondary bundles, primary trunks, spinal nerves, anterior and posterior roots of the spinal cord were layer-by-layer anatomically prepared from brachial plexus. The angles of inclination from the arising site of the thoracodorsal nerve, the topography throughout and after entering the latissimus dorsi muscle were studied. The length and thickness of the thoracodorsal nerve, including the extramuscular and intramuscular parts, were measured. After isolation and fixation of the preparations, intrafascicular dissection of the thoracodorsal nerve was performed throughout the brachial plexus, by using microsurgical instruments and a binocular magnifier.
Results. The length of the thoracodorsal nerve consists of extramuscular and intramuscular parts and was equal to 17.9 cm, of which the extra-muscular part was three-quarters of the total length of the nerve. The nerve trunk dissection revealed that the thoracodorsal nerve consists of 14 nerve fascicles and most frequently, in 46.2% of preparations, the thoracodorsal nerve arises from the C7 nerve root. The presence of motor and sensory portions of nerve fibers in the thoracodorsal nerve was found. In 90.2% of the preparations, the motor portion was located in the posterior-lateral part of the nerve and sensory in the anterior-medial. In most cases, both the sensory and motor fascicles arose from C7, or motor fascicle from C7 and sensory from C8.
Conclusion. The intrafascicular dissection of the thoracodorsal nerve revealed microtopography of the sensitive and motor portions of nerve fibers in the nerve and along the entire length of the brachial plexus; in breast reconstruction, after mastectomy with thoracodorsal flap for the preservation of afferent innervation, it is recommended to cross only motor fibers of the thoracodorsal nerve.