bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Headless Tadpole Galaxy: The High Gas-phase Metallicity of the Ultra-diffuse Galaxy UGC 2162
Authors: Almeida J. Sánchez , Olmo-García A. , Elmegreen B. G. , Elmegreen D. M. , Filho M. , Muñoz-Tuñón C. , Pérez-Montero E. , Román J.
Published: December 2018

The cosmological numerical simulations tell us that accretion of external metal-poor gas drives star formation (SF) in galaxy disks. One the best pieces of observational evidence supporting this prediction is the existence of low-metallicity star-forming regions in relatively high-metallicity host galaxies. The SF is thought to be fed by metal-poor gas recently accreted. Since the gas accretion is stochastic, there should be galaxies with all the properties of a host but without the low-metallicity starburst. These galaxies have not been identified yet. The exception may be UGC 2162, a nearby ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) that combines low surface brightness and relatively high metallicity. We confirm the high metallicity of UGC 2162 (

) using spectra taken with the 10 m GTC telescope. UGC 2162 has the stellar mass, metallicity, and star formation rate surface density expected for a host galaxy in between outbursts. This fact suggests a physical connection between some UDGs and metal-poor galaxies, which may be the same type of object in a different phase of the SF cycle. UGC 2162 is a high-metallicity outlier of the mass–metallicity relation, a property shared by the few UDGs with known gas-phase metallicity.
A Blowout Jet Associated with One Obvious Extreme-ultraviolet Wave and One Complicated Coronal Mass Ejection Event
Authors: Miao Y. , Liu Y. , Li H. B. , Shen Y. , Yang S. , Elmhamdi A. , Kordi A. S. , Abidin Z. Z.
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of a coronal blowout jet eruption that was associated with an obvious extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) wave and one complicated coronal mass ejection (CME) event based on the multiwavelength and multi-view-angle observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory. It is found that the triggering of the blowout jet was due to the emergence and cancellation of magnetic fluxes on the photosphere. During the rising stage of the jet, the EUV wave appeared just ahead of the jet top, lasting about 4 minutes and at a speed of 458–762 km s−1. In addition, obvious dark material is observed along the EUV jet body, which confirms the observation of a mini-filament eruption at the jet base in the chromosphere. Interestingly, two distinct but overlapped CME structures can be observed in corona together with the eruption of the blowout jet. One is a narrow jet shape, while the other one is a bubble shape. The jet-shaped component was unambiguously related to the outwardly running jet itself, while the bubble-like one might either be produced due to the reconstruction of the high coronal fields or by the internal reconnection during the mini-filament ejection according to the double-CME blowout jet model first proposed by Shen et al., suggesting more observational evidence should be supplied to clear the current ambiguity based on large samples of blowout jets in future studies.
Assessing Consistency between WMAP 9 Year and Planck 2015 Temperature Power Spectra
Authors: Huang Y. , Addison G. E. , Weiland J. L. , Bennett C. L.
Published: December 2018

We perform a comparison of

9 year (

9) and

2015 cosmic microwave background temperature power spectra across multipoles 30 ≤ ℓ ≤ 1200. We generate simulations to estimate the correlation between the two data sets due to cosmic variance from observing the same sky. We find that their spectra are consistent within 1σ. While we do not implement the optimal “C
−1” estimator on

maps as in the

9 analysis, we demonstrate that the change of pixel weighting only shifts our results at most at the 0.66σ level. We also show that changing the fiducial power spectrum for simulations only impacts the comparison at around 0.1σ level. We exclude ℓ < 30 both because

9 data were included in the

2015 ℓ < 30 analysis and because the cosmic variance uncertainty on these scales is large enough that any remaining systematic difference between the experiments is extremely unlikely to affect cosmological constraints. The consistency shown in our analysis provides high confidence in both the

9 temperature power spectrum and the overlapping multipole region of

2015's, virtually independent of any assumed cosmological model. Our results indicate that cosmological model differences between

and

do not arise from measurement differences, but from the high multipoles not measured by

.
Angular Sizes and Effective Temperatures of O-type Stars from Optical Interferometry with the CHARA Array
Authors: Gordon Kathryn D. , Gies Douglas R. , Schaefer Gail H. , Huber Daniel , Ireland Michael , Hillier D. John
Published: December 2018

We present interferometric observations of six O-type stars that were made with the Precision Astronomical Visible Observations beam combiner at the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) Array. The observations include multiple brackets for three targets, λ Ori A, ζ Oph, and 10 Lac, but there are only preliminary, single observations of the other three stars, ξ Per, α Cam, and ζ Ori A. The stellar angular diameters range from 0.55 mas for ζ Ori A down to 0.11 mas for 10 Lac, the smallest star yet resolved with the CHARA Array. The rotational oblateness of the rapidly rotating star ζ Oph is directly measured for the first time. We assembled ultraviolet to infrared flux measurements for these stars, and then derived angular diameters and reddening estimates using model atmospheres and an effective temperature set by published results from analysis of the line spectrum. The model-based angular diameters are in good agreement with those observed. We also present estimates for the effective temperatures of these stars, derived by setting the interferometric angular size and fitting the spectrophotometry.
Linear Acoustic Waves in a Nonisothermal Atmosphere. I. Simple Nonisothermal Layer Solution and Acoustic Cutoff Frequency
Authors: Chae Jongchul , Litvinenko Yuri E.
Published: December 2018

We investigate the behavior of acoustic waves in a nonisothermal atmosphere based on the analytical solution of the wave equation. Specifically, we consider acoustic waves propagating upwardly in a simple nonisothermal layer where temperature either increases or decreases monotonically with height. We present the solutions for both velocity fluctuation and pressure fluctuation. In these solutions, either velocity or pressure is spatially oscillatory in one part of the layer and nonoscillatory in the other part, with the two parts being smoothly connected to one another. Since the two parts transmit the same amount of wave energy in each frequency, it is unreasonable to identify the oscillating solution with the propagating solution and the nonoscillating solution with the nonpropagating solution. The acoustic cutoff frequency is defined as the frequency that separates the solution that is spatially oscillatory for both velocity and pressure and the solution that is not oscillatory for either velocity or pressure. The cutoff frequency is found to be the same as the Lamb frequency at the bottom in the temperature-decreasing layer but higher than this in the temperature-increasing layer. Based on the transmission efficiency introduced to quantify the wave propagation, we suggest that the acoustic cutoff frequency should be understood as the center of the frequency band where the transition from low acoustic transmission to high transmission takes place, rather than as the frequency sharply separating the propagating solution and the nonpropagating solution.
Explaining the Multiple Populations in Globular Clusters by Multiple Episodes of Star Formation and Enrichment without Gas Expulsion from Massive Star Feedback
Authors: Kim Jenny J. , Lee Young-Wook
Published: December 2018

In order to investigate the origin of multiple stellar populations found in globular clusters (GCs) in the halo and bulge of the Milky Way, we have constructed chemical evolution models for their putative low-mass progenitors. In light of recent theoretical developments, we assume that supernova blast waves undergo blowout without expelling the pre-enriched ambient gas, while relatively slow winds of massive stars (WMSs), together with the winds and ejecta from low- to high-mass asymptotic giant branch stars, are all locally retained in these less massive systems. Interestingly, we find that the observed Na–O anti-correlations in metal-poor GCs can be reproduced when multiple episodes of starburst and enrichment are allowed to continue in these subsystems. A specific form of star formation history with decreasing time intervals between the successive stellar generations, however, is required to obtain this result, which is in good agreement with the parameters obtained from synthetic horizontal branch models. The “mass budget problem” is also much alleviated by our models without ad hoc assumptions on star formation efficiency, initial mass function, and the preferential loss of first-generation stars. We also apply these models to investigate the origin of super-He-rich red clump stars in the metal-rich bulge suggested by Lee et al. We find that chemical enrichment by the WMSs can naturally reproduce the required strong He enhancement in metal-rich subsystems. Our results further underscore that gas expulsion or retention is a key factor in understanding the multiple populations in GCs.
Constraining Solar Position and Velocity with a nearby Hypervelocity Star
Authors: Hattori Kohei , Valluri Monica , Castro Norberto
Published: December 2018

Gravitational three-body interaction among binary stars and the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way occasionally ejects a hypervelocity star (HVS) with a velocity of

∼
1000

km

s

−
1

. Due to the ejection location, such an HVS initially has negligible azimuthal angular momentum

L

z

≃
0

kpc

km

s

−
1

. Even if the halo is mildly triaxial, L

z
of a recently ejected nearby HVS remains negligible, since its flight time from the Galactic center is too short to accumulate noticeable torque. However, if we make a wrong assumption about the solar position and velocity, such an HVS would apparently have noticeable nonzero azimuthal angular momentum, due to the wrong reflex motion of the Sun. Conversely, with precise astrometric data for a nearby HVS, we can measure the solar position and velocity by assuming that the HVS has zero azimuthal angular momentum. Based on this idea, here we propose a method to estimate the Galactocentric distance of the Sun R
0 and the Galactocentric solar azimuthal velocity V
⊙ by using an HVS. We demonstrate with mock data for a nearby HVS candidate that the Gaia astrometric data, along with the currently available constraint on V
⊙/R
0 from the proper motion measurement of Sgr A*, can constrain R
0 and V
⊙ with uncertainties of ∼0.27 kpc and ∼7.8 km s−1 (or fractional uncertainties of 3%), respectively. Our method will be a promising tool to constrain (R
0, V
⊙), given that Gaia is expected to discover many nearby HVSs in the near future.
Benchmarking Atomic Data from Large-scale Multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock Calculations for Astrophysics: S-like Ions from Cr ix to Cu xiv
Authors: Wang K. , Song C. X. , Jönsson P. , Zanna G. Del , Schiffmann S. , Godefroid M. , Gaigalas G. , Zhao X. H. , Si R. , Chen C. Y. , Yan J.
Published: December 2018

We present a consistent set of calculated energies and E1, M1, E2, M2 radiative transition data for the main n = 3 levels from the 3s
23p
4, 3p
6,

,

,

,

, and

configurations for S-like ions from Cr ix to Cu xiv. The fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method implemented in the GRASP2K code is used to perform the present calculations. The excitation energies of the lowest 47 levels from the

,

, and

configurations, producing the strongest lines, are found to be in good agreement, reaching spectroscopic accuracy, with the latest experimental values for Fe xi evaluated by Del Zanna. Our energies can reliably be used to identify in astrophysical and laboratory spectra the

levels in other S-like ions, which are mostly unknown. On the contrary, significant discrepancies with the 3s3p
43d levels were found, emphasizing the need for more detailed experimental studies. A few new tentative identifications are suggested. The benchmarks we present indicate that our consistent set of radiative data is accurate and can be used for spectral line modeling.
Obliquity Tides May Drive WASP-12b’s Rapid Orbital Decay
Authors: Millholland Sarah , Laughlin Gregory
Published: December 2018

Recent analyses have revealed a mystery. The orbital period of the highly inflated hot Jupiter, WASP-12b, is decreasing rapidly. The rate of inspiral, however, is too fast to be explained by either eccentricity tides or equilibrium stellar tides. While dynamical stellar tides are possible, they require a subgiant structure for the star, whereas stellar models point toward a main-sequence host. Here, we show that these hitherto irreconcilable observations might be explained by planetary obliquity tides if planet b’s spin vector is trapped in a high-obliquity state maintained by a secular spin–orbit resonance with an unseen exterior perturbing planet. We derive constraints on the obliquity (

), reduced tidal quality factor (

), and perturbing planet parameters (

,

) required to generate the observed orbital decay. Direct N-body simulations that include tidal and spin dynamics reinforce the plausibility of the scenario. Furthermore, we show that the resonance could have been captured when planet b’s obliquity was small, making the proposed sequence of events easy to explain. The hypothetical perturbing planet is within the limits of current radial velocity constraints on the system, yet it is also detectable. If it exists, it could provide evidence in favor of the in situ formation hypothesis for hot Jupiters.
Ethology of the cricket Endecous (Endecous) chape Souza-Dias & de Mello, 2017 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) I: Agonistic and reproductive behavior
Authors: Fianco Marcos , de Souza-Dias Pedro Guilherme Barrios , de Farias-Martins Fernando , Magro Suzana , Mateus Prasniewski Victor , Ricci Jéssica , Zefa Edison , Szinwelski Neucir
Published: December 2018

The mating behaviors of crickets, especially those related to agonistic encounters and oviposition, are poorly known. For example, only 10 of the 1005 valid species of Phalangopsidae have been studied to some extent. Here, we describe the reproductive behavior of Endecous (Endecous) chape, characterizing the actions involved in agonistic encounters, mating behaviors (female attraction, pair-formation, courtship, mating, and post-copulatory behavior), and oviposition. We recorded and timed agonistic, mating, and oviposition behaviors in staged trials. The male-male interactions ofE.chaperanged in aggressiveness from low intensity (only antennal interaction) to high intensity (reciprocal fights). In the mating behavior, males courted females through antennation of the females’ abdomen and cerci, followed by production of acoustic signals (with the exception of two males). Copulation occurred with females positioned above males (as is typical of Phalangopsidae), with an average elapsed time of 684.13 s, which is shorter than in other Phalangopsidae. We observed oviposition behavior only when three gravid females were placed together in an arena. Here, we contribute new knowledge of phalangopsid cricket behavior and provide useful information for understanding the evolution of reproductive behaviors. New characters described here can be used in phylogenetic analysis and for future studies about sexual selection and natural history.
Pharmacological correction of experimental osteoporosis and fractures related to it by means of rosuvastatin, L-norvaline and their combination
Authors: Sobolev Mikhail S. , Faitelson Alexander V. , Rajkumar Samuel
Published: December 2018

Introduction: osteoporosis (OP) is a multifactorial disease which is based on a dynamic decrease in bone mass and, as a result, disruption of bone structure, leading to higher chances of skeletal fractures. Endothelial dysfunction is a key cause of impaired blood supply to the bone, resulting in a decreased perfusion, disrupted osteogenesis and, as a consequence, osteoporotic changes. According to modern literature and available research, L-norvaline and rosuvastatin have a powerful endotheliotropic effect. However, there is no information that the osteoprotective properties of these drugs used as a monotherapy and as their combination have ever been studied.

Materials and Methods: Simulation of experimental osteoporosis was performed on 120 white female Wistar rats. After eight weeks, the operated rats developed hypoestrogenic osteoporosis. L-norvaline and rosuvastatin, both as a monotherapy and in their combination, were used from week 9 to week 12, inclusive. The extent of changes on the background of osteoporosis was estimated twelve weeks after oophorectomy. Simulation of closed osteoporotic fractures of the femurs and their osteosynthesis were performed on 120 white female Wistar rats. Experimental osteoporosis was modeled on all animals (except the control group). Eight weeks after the removal of the ovaries on the background of developing osteoporosis, fractures of the femur were simulated. The test drugs and their combination were applied from week 1 to week 4, inclusive, after the modeling of osteoporotic fractures and their osteosynthesis. Twelve weeks after the start of the experiment, the results of fracture consolidation were analyzed.

Results and Discussion: Rosuvastatin at a dose of 0.86 mg/kg, L-norvaline at a dose of 10 mg/kg, and their combination prevented a decrease in the level of microcirculation in the callus, had an anti-osteoporotic effect, and also contributed to an increased number of healed experimental fractures. The osteoprotective effect of the test drugs is, apparently, due to their endothelial-protective action.

Conclusion: The range of the pleiotropic action of drugs with endothelial-protective properties can be extended by adding an osteoprotective element, which, however, requires additional research.
The incredible diversity of Labiobaetis Novikova & Kluge in New Guinea revealed by integrative taxonomy (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)
Authors: Kaltenbach Thomas , Gattolliat Jean-Luc
Published: December 2018

Material collected between 1999 and 2011 in Papua New Guinea and the Papua Province of Indonesia unveiled the enormous diversity ofLabiobaetison this island. Twenty-six new species were identified and delimited by integrative taxonomy using genetic distance (COI, Kimura-2-parameter) and morphology. These new species are described and illustrated based on larvae, augmenting the total number ofLabiobaetisspecies on the island of New Guinea to 32. Seven morpho-groups of species are proposed based on morphological characters and a key to all New Guinea species is provided. The generic attributes of the larvae are summarised and slightly modified based on the examinations of the new species. Results on the genetics of most species (COI) are also provided. The interspecific K2P distances are between 13% and 32%, the intraspecific distances usually between 0% and 2%. Possible reasons for the remarkable richness of this genus in New Guinea are discussed.
Three new “caecate” earthworm species from Sulawesi, Indonesia (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae)
Authors: Fahri Fahri , Amaliah Rizki , Suryobroto Bambang , Atmowidi Tri , Nguyen Anh D.
Published: December 2018

Three new earthworm species are described from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Two belong to the genus Pithemera Sims & Easton, 1972, namely P.suwastikai Fahri, Amaliah & Atmowidi, sp. n. and P.tadulako Fahri, Amaliah & Atmowidi, sp. n. The new species, P.suwastikaisp. n. is distinguished by a medium size (135–165 mm long, 4.5–6.5 mm diameter), four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6/7/8/9, 7–12 setae between male pores, no genital markings, holandry, and simple intestinal caeca. Pithemeratadulakosp. n. is recognized by a large size (217–340 mm long, 13–15 mm diameter), two pairs of spermathecal pores in 7/8/9, no setae between male pores, no genital markings, holandry, and simple intestinal caeca. Another new species, Metaphirerusydii Fahri, Amaliah & Nguyen, sp. n., is diagnosed by its large size (250–280 mm long,12–16 mm diameter), two pairs of spermathecal pores in 7/8/9, no setae between male porophores, presence of genital markings in the male region, holandry, and complex intestinal caeca. Additionally, an identification key to “caecate” species is provided to the Sulawesi’s fauna.
New tribal placement and review of Parapucaya Prell and Pucaya Ohaus (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae)
Authors: Paucar-Cabrera Aura , Moore Matthew Robert
Published: December 2018

The dynastine scarab generaParapucayaPrell andPucayaOhaus have been historically classified in Pentodontini; however, that tribal classification is not supported under the current tribal circumscriptions. A discussion justifying the transfer of the generaParapucayaandPucayafrom Pentodontini into Cyclocephalini is presented. This research is based on morphological observations (mandible shape and wing characters among others) and molecular data (genes 28S, COI, and 16S/ND1). A review of both genera is included, providing descriptions, diagnoses, distribution data, illustrations, and keys to species. A revised key to the world genera of Cyclocephalini is also included.
Parasogata gen. n., a new genus of the tribe Delphacini with descriptions of two new species from China (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Delphacidae)
Authors: Zhou Zheng-Xiang , Yang Lin , Chen Xiang-Sheng
Published: December 2018

A new planthopper genusParasogatagen. n.(Delphacidae: Delphacinae: Delphacini) was described and illustrated with two new speciesP.binariasp. n.andP.furcasp. n.from south China. A key to species of the new genus is also given.
A survey of basal insects (Microcoryphia and Zygentoma) from subterranean environments of Iran, with description of three new species
Authors: Molero Rafael , Tahami Mohadeseh Sadat , Gaju Miquel , Sadeghi Saber
Published: December 2018

A survey of wingless insects belonging to the orders Microcoryphia (=Archaeognatha) and Zygentoma (=Thysanura s. str.) has been performed in subterranean habitats of central Iran. As a result, several new species have been discovered. In this work, three new species are described: a new species of bristletail of the family Machilidae,Haslundiellairanicasp. n., a new silverfish of the family Lepismatidae,Ctenolepismasubterraneumsp. n., and a new Nicoletiidae, Lepidospora (Brinckina) momtazianasp. n.These new taxa are compared with related species in their respective genera and keys for their identification are provided: one for all known species ofHaslundiellaand one for all basal insects of subterranean environments of Iran which includes those previously reported. Moreover, the previously published keys of IranianCtenolepismaand the subgenus Brinckina are modified to include the new species. Three additional species of Lepismatidae are reported in this work:Neoasterolepìsma palmoniiandCtenolepismatargioniiare newly recorded from Iran and both species, together withAcrotelsacollaris, are cited for the first time in the subterranean habitats. This survey progresses the knowledge on the biodiversity of these insects in Iran.
Four new troglophilic species of Loxosceles Heinecken & Lowe, 1832: contributions to the knowledge of recluse spiders from Brazilian caves (Araneae, Sicariidae)
Authors: Bertani Rogério , von Schimonsky Diego M. , Gallão Jonas E. , Bichuette Maria E.
Published: December 2018

Four new species of recluse spiders from Brazilian caves are described with both males and females. Loxoscelesericsoni Bertani, von Schimonsky & Gallão, sp. n. and L.karstica Bertani, von Schimonsky & Gallão, sp. n. both occur in caves in the Peruaçu region, located in the northern area of the state of Minas Gerais; L.karsticasp. n. is additionally found in the Serra do Ramalho karst area, located in the southwestern region of the state of Bahia. These two species belong to the gaucho group. Loxoscelescarinhanha Bertani, von Schimonsky & Gallão, sp. n. and L.cardosoi Bertani, von Schimonsky & Gallão, sp. n. occur exclusively in caves of the Serra do Ramalho karst area and belong to the rufescens/amazonica species group. The discovery of two additional and highly distinct species in the rufescens/amazonica group (L.carinhanhasp. n. and L.cardosoisp. n.) increases the debate on the origin, evolution, and geographical distribution of this widely distributed group of recluse spiders in the New and Old World. The presence of three species (L.ericsonisp. n., L.carinhanhasp. n., and L.cardosoisp. n.) with marked differences in morphological characters in a relatively small area indicates that the region seems to be an important center for Loxosceles diversity, which remains poorly studied.
Tout au Nord des tropiques : une architecture moderne à Bruxelles
Authors: Schaut Christine
Published: December 2018

En contrepoint, mais aussi et surtout en écho avec les articles qui précèdent, ces quelques pages visent à questionner l’architecture moderne et les débats qu’elle a posés et qu’elle continue à poser sur son habitabilité et sur son hospitalité à l’égard de ses principaux usagers, ses habitants. Elles le font à partir d’un lieu, situé au nord-ouest de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, la Cité Modèle, ensemble de logements sociaux, perçu comme un symbole à la fois de l’architecture moderne en Belgique et de la modernité de la société belge des Golden Sixties . C’est d’abord au travers de l’histoire de cet ensemble architectural, somme toute relativement courte, et de l’analyse des soubassements idéologiques qui la soutinrent d’abord, pour la condamner un peu plus tard, que la narration se construit. Les deux premières parties de l’article ont ainsi l’ambition, d’une part, de montrer les intentionnalités fortes, liées à la construction d’un tel lieu, et, d’autre part, de souligner sur quoi elles ont achoppé quand ce lieu est devenu un espace vécu et perçu (Lefèvre, 1974). Quant à la dernière partie de l’article, elle s’intéresse plus particulièrement aux signes de l’attachement que les habitants de la Cité Modèle développent à son égard et aux logiques par lesquelles il se construit et se manifeste. Cet attachement est complexe et ambivalent, comme l’est le regard que l’on peut porter sur le logement social collectif moderne. Cet article, construit à partir d’une seule étude de cas, qui plus est située bien loin des lieux investigués dans ce numéro de la revue CLARA , ne poursuit aucune prétention à la généralisation. Il entend contribuer, à sa mesure, au débat, universel, sur la nature des liens entre l’architecture moderne et ses usagers habitants.
Les entrepreneurs du « bien vieillir » à Dakar, entre survivance et convivance
Authors: Crenn Chantal , Ka Abdou
Published: December 2018

Au Sénégal, la gestion du vieillissement est multidimensionnelle. Le pourcentage de personnes âgées bénéficiant d’une couverture sociale ne dépasse pas 10 %. Les politiques mises en œuvre par le gouvernement sénégalais pour la prise en charge de cette population âgée sont balbutiantes. Nous analysons ici le bricolage des médecins et le militantisme des acteurs concernés par la problématique du vieillissement à travers un réseau national et international. L’imbrication des solidarités institutionnelles, familiales, intra et intergénérationnelles montre la complexité de la question du vieillissement dans ce pays pris entre convivance et survivance, comme Marc Abélès les a définis.
Vieillir au Maroc, vieillir au Sénégal : ressemblances et dissemblances
Authors: Sajoux Muriel , Amar Mohammed , Ka Abdou
Published: December 2018

Au Maroc et au Sénégal, des usages langagiers témoignent de la considération dont les aînés sont généralement l'objet. Mais nombre d’entre eux sont confrontés à des situations socio-économiques difficiles, complexifiées par des disparités de genre en matière de statut matrimonial. De façon graduée suivant le pays, la poursuite d’activité à un âge avancé, l’absence ou la faiblesse des pensions et les difficultés d’accès aux soins médicaux peuvent influer négativement sur leur qualité de vie.
Soutenabilité et migrations dans les économies insulaires : quels enjeux pour la Nouvelle-Calédonie ?
Authors: Géronimi Vincent , Aknin Audrey
Published: December 2018

Dans les petites économies insulaires, les trajectoires de croissance sont influencées par les transferts issus des migrations internationales, tandis que les migrations internes affectent les équilibres géographiques et sectoriels. Nous revisitons ce débat sur les effets des migrations à l’aune de la soutenabilité des petites économies insulaires. Nous rappelons d’abord les enjeux et les modélisations des migrations appliquées aux petites économies insulaires, puis nous montrons, à partir de l’exemple de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, que les dynamiques migratoires peuvent aussi participer positivement à la soutenabilité de la croissance.
Bifidobacterium infantis M-63 improves mental health in victims with irritable bowel syndrome developed after a major flood disaster
Authors: Ma Z.F. , Yusof N. , Hamid N. , Lawenko R.M. , Mohammad W.M.Z. Wan , Liong M.T. , Sugahara H. , Odamaki T. , Xiao J. , Lee Y.Y.
Published: December 2018

Individuals in a community who developed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after major floods have significant mental health impairment. We aimed to determine if Bifidobacterium infantis M-63 was effective in improving symptoms, psychology and quality of life measures in flood-affected individuals with IBS and if the improvement was mediated by gut microbiota changes. Design was non-randomised, open-label, controlled before-and-after. Of 53 participants, 20 with IBS were given B. infantis M-63 (1×109 cfu/sachet/day) for three months and 33 were controls. IBS symptom severity scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale, SF-36 Questionnaire, hydrogen breath testing for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and stools for 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis were performed before and after intervention. 11 of 20 who were given probiotics (M-63) and 20 of 33 controls completed study as per-protocol. Mental well-being was improved with M-63 vs controls for full analysis (P=0.03) and per-protocol (P=0.01) populations. Within-group differences were observed for anxiety and bodily pain (both P=0.04) in the M-63 per-protocol population. Lower ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes was observed with M-63 vs controls (P=0.01) and the lower ratio was correlated with higher post-intervention mental score (P=0.04). B. infantis M-63 is probably effective in improving mental health of victims who developed IBS after floods and this is maybe due to restoration of microbial balance and the gut-brain axis. However, our conclusion must be interpreted within the context of limited sample size. The study was retrospectively registered on 12 October 2017 and the Trial Registration Number (TRN) was NCT03318614.
Microencapsulated feruloyl esterase-producing lactobacilli ameliorate lipid profile and glycaemia in high fat diet-induced obese mice
Authors: Russo M. , Marquez A. , Abeijón-Mukdsi M.C. , Santacruz A. , López-Malo A. , Gauffin-Cano P. , Medina R.
Published: December 2018

The effect of oral administration of spray-dried microcapsules of feruloyl esterase (FE) producing Lactobacillus fermentum CRL1446 (Lf) and Lactobacillus johnsonii CRL1231 (Lj) on high fat diet-induced obese mice was investigated to evaluate whether these strains could be used as a biotherapeutic for obesity. Swiss albino mice were divided into a normal diet fed group receiving empty microcapsules (control), a high fat diet plus empty microcapsules (HFD group), HFD plus microcapsules with Lf (HFD-Lf group) and HDF plus microcapsules with Lj (HFD-Lj group). Microcapsules containing Lf or Lj at a dose of ~107 cells/day/mouse were given orally for 7 weeks. Body weight gain, adiposity index, plasma leptin, lipid profiles, glycaemia, insulinemia, oral glucose tolerance, intestinal FE, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were determined. Administration of lactobacilli (HFD-Lf and HFD-Lj groups) improved metabolic parameters (triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels) and cardiovascular risk indicators (37-46% decrease of atherogenic index), and reduced body weight gain (29-38%), adiposity index (42-62%), plasma leptin levels, liver weight and fat deposition in liver. Intestinal FE activities significantly increased in HFD-Lf (62%) and HFD-Lj group (48%), thus improving hepatic GR activity (42% increment) compared to HFD group. Moreover, L. johnsonii increased HDL-cholesterol and L. fermentum reduced blood glucose to levels similar to the control. These FE-producing lactobacilli have the potential to improve biomarkers involved in obesity by increasing intestinal FE activity.
La escritur-oralidad del Quijote
Authors: Morillo-Velarde Pérez Ramón
Published: December 2018

Este artículo analiza las complejas relaciones entre oralidad y escritura que tienen lugar en el Quijote y propone la hipótesis de que dichas relaciones son usadas por Cervantes como metáfora de la forma en que vida y literatura pueden llegar a imbricarse.
La literatura de re militari en el Quijote
Authors: Castellot de Miguel Amalia
Published: December 2018

La caballería es uno de los elementos esenciales de la configuración del personaje de don Quijote y su influencia en la obra cervantina va más allá de su relación con la narrativa idealizante. Las «leyes de caballería» a las que tanto alude el hidalgo hacen referencia a un cuerpo de leyes y tratados medievales y renacentistas de temática militar, que regulaban los retos y desafíos y atendían a otras cuestiones relativas a la milicia, como la vexilología o incluso la albeitería. El estudio detallado de esos tratados permite encontrar un gran número de referencias en el texto de Cervantes.
«Déjenme besar» (Quijote II, XVI): sobre algunos besos cervantinos
Authors: Sol Mora Pablo
Published: December 2018

La obra de Cervantes incluye una gran variedad de besos: ceremoniales, familiares, amistosos, eróticos, etc. Examinándola es posible tener un panorama global de la idea del beso en los Siglos de Oro. El beso, gesto esencial del afecto humano, está revestido de códigos sociales, creencias religiosas e ideas filosóficas, y su estudio es revelador de la mentalidad de una época. Este artículo analiza los principales besos cervantinos y propone que algunos de ellos, lejos de ser gestos mecánicos, están cargados de significación y revelan aspectos específicos del pensamiento cervantino.
¿La fotografía más antigua del Quijote: Figueras, 1889?
Authors: Soldevilla Albertí Joan Manuel
Published: December 2018

Las fotografías de don Quijote y Sancho Panza permiten analizar la iconografía asociada a los personajes de ficción. En el Àlbum Rubaudonadeu, un extenso reportaje fotográfico realizado por Josep Maria Cañellas sobre la vida cotidiana en el Ampurdán a finales del siglo XIX, se encuentra una de las primeras fotografías conservadas de los héroes cervantinos, una instantánea tomada en el marco de las fiestas de carnaval de Figueras en 1889.
Welfare work in the Brussels prisons: a puzzle with many pieces
Authors: Naessens Liesbeth
Published: December 2018

The welfare needs of detainees are often complex and difficult to fulfill because they often relate to various areas of life. By supplying assistance and services to detainees and their relatives, different organizations try to formulate an answer to these needs. This kind of assistance and services extends over various domains such as education, culture, employment, sports, health, well-being... The services for criminal justice welfare work are playing an important role in this matter. This contribution focuses on the specific characteristic properties of the Brussels criminal justice welfare work. We also discuss the results of a practice-oriented survey from the Odisee College about the way the Brussels criminal justice welfare work operates, its network and its collaboration with other services.
Design, Fabrication and Analysis of a Novel Membrane Dielectric Elastomer In-Plane Actuator
Authors: Zhao Yun Hua , Gao Qiu Hua , He Qi Chang , Zhang Wen Ming
Published: December 2018

The emerging field of soft robots offers the prospective of applying soft actuators as artificial muscles, replacing traditional actuators based on hard materials. Dielectric elastomers (DE), one class of electro-active polymers, represents an attractive technology for the realization of mechatronic actuators, due to their light weight, high energy efficiency and scalability. This work aims at investigating and characterizing a novel design of membrane DE in-plane actuator by magnetic mechanism. A nonlinear dynamic model of the dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) is established and corresponding material parameters are identified. Natural frequency and response speed of DEAs are studied. It demonstrates that larger stretch and higher response speed can be realized by the proposed DEA.
Sustainability Assessment of Smart Materials in Buildings
Authors: Yoon Jung Won
Published: December 2018

Smart materials are discussed in architecture to transfer the state-of-the-art technology and expand the horizon of building performance. Although the effects of smart material applications in building design are discussed in literature and publications from the context of an autonomous responsive system and an environment-control device, the notion of sustainability assessment of smart materials is not comprehensively discussed yet. Researches on the energy simulation, life cycle cost assessment, thermal behavior evaluation, and daylight assessment have been developed for some specific materials. However, the sustainable performance of building is evaluated with criteria of region-based building sustainability assessment tools. Although smart materials in building may contribute to energy demand reduction and be considered as innovative technology with multiple values, currently available sustainability assessment tools would not allow the adequate evaluation of smart materials in buildings. Therefore, this research reviews the possibility to evaluate smart materials in major sustainability assessment tools – BREEAM, LEED, and CASBEE and proposes the assessment criteria to embrace a smart material application in architecture as an opportunistic smart approach toward sustainability of buildings.
Practicalities and Developments of High-Rise Composite Structures: Case Studies
Authors: Gharehbaghi Koorosh , Rahmani Farshid
Published: December 2018

This paper will discuss the utilization of composite materials in construction projects and also provides the number of field studies to support the ever-increasing utilization of composite structures in Building and Construction projects. Composite materials are those manufactured from two or more constituents generally with different physical and/or chemical arrangement. Such process, thus produces a material with characteristics dissimilar from the individual components. Moreover, these individual components remain separate and distinct within the finished material’s internal structure. The purpose of this mechanism is to produce materials, which are stronger, lighter, or less expensive when compared to traditional materials. In the construction and engineering projects the composite materials typically include, Concrete, Fiber-reinforced polymer and Geo-polymer among others. Such composite materials are generally employed for buildings, bridges, and other structures such as walls, floors, and platforms. Nevertheless, all of these materials need to be able to handle various demanding environments such as high winds and seismic conditions which are common dilemmas for high-rise structures.
Effect of Fiber Direction and Stress Ratio on Fatigue Property in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Authors: Ferdous Md. Shafiul , Rahman S.M. Moshiar , Makabe Chobin
Published: December 2018

The fatigue limit and crack growth behavior of slit specimens of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites were investigated. The fatigue limit was defined by the maximum stress amplitude that the specimen endured 106 times repeated stress when S-N curve was used. The highest fatigue limit was obtained when all the fiber directions were parallel to the load axis. The fatigue limits were evaluated in the cases of composites using alternately parallel and perpendicular to the load axis and compared with the result of the specimen having all the carbon fiber orientations were parallel to the load axis. When the measured value of the fatigue limit was lower, shear damage to the epoxy resin and peeling of fiber from epoxy resin occurred clearly. According to those results, it was expected that the fatigue limit of smooth specimens of carbon composites with long fibers can be evaluated from the results of the slit specimens.
Three Dimensional Fractography of Extruded Age-Hardened Al Alloys Subjected to Fatigue Tests
Authors: Nakamura Yuzo , Iwamoto Ryuichi , Kurigeno Yuta , Kamibayashi Hiroki , Kariya Kohji , Kawagoishi Norio
Published: December 2018

Observation of fracture surface in metal fatigue is one of the most significant procedures to get insight into the cause and mechanism of crack initiation and propagation. In the present study, age-hardened 2017-T4 and 7075-T6 Al alloys having the extrusion texture were fatigue tested in low and high humidities, and their fracture surfaces were examined using a three dimensional (3D) surface analyzer. In addition to the microscopic observations conducted, it is shown that these 3D analyses provide important information on the difference in crack propagation depending on the stress level and environment.
Managing cabbage seedpod weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in canola (Brassicaceae) – areLygus(Hemiptera: Miridae) affected?
Authors: Cárcamo H.A. , Meers S.B. , Herle C.E.
Published: December 2018

Cabbage seedpod weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictusMarsham; Coleoptera: Curculionidae) andLygusHahn (Hemiptera: Miridae) species are part of the late season insect pest complex of canola (BrassicaLinnaeus; Brassicacea) in the southern prairies of Canada. From 2010 to 2013, large strips in 73 commercial fields were studied in southern Alberta to validate action thresholds for cabbage seedpod weevil and assess the impact of insecticide spraying at the early flower stage for cabbage seedpod weevils on abundance ofLygusat the pod stage. Only fields planted in April accumulated the damaging populations of cabbage seedpod weevils, such that the application of an insecticide resulted in significant yield protection. The economic injury level for the cabbage seedpod weevil was calculated at 20 cabbage seedpod weevils per 10 sweeps, but an action threshold of 25–40 is recommended because sampling mainly occurs along the edge where cabbage seedpod weevils are initially concentrated. At the pod stage,Lyguswere lower in strips sprayed with insecticides at the early flower stage than in those not sprayed, but the differences were not statistically significant. Furthermore,Lyguswere generally below economically damaging levels in early seeded fields. Therefore, there is no benefit of spraying early seeded fields to attempt to preventLygusoutbreaks when cabbage seedpod weevils are below thresholds becauseLygusmay pose a risk only in fields planted later in the season.
Verbond en sakrament/doop in die intertestamentêre literatuur
Authors: Pelser G.M.M.
Published: December 2018

No abstract available.
Doop, sending en die opkoms van die juridiese kerkbegrip
Authors: Van der Merwe P.J.
Published: December 2018

No abstract available.
Calvyn se doopleer
Authors: Steenkamp J.J.
Published: December 2018

No abstract available.
Azumaya algebras without involution
Authors: Auel Asher , First Uriya A. , Williams Ben
Published: December 2018

Generalizing a theorem of Albert, Saltman showed that an Azumaya algebra

A

over a ring represents a 2-torsion class in the Brauer group if and only if there is an algebra

A’

in the Brauer class of

A

admitting an involution of the first kind. Knus, Parimala, and Srinivas later showed that one can choose

A’

such that deg

A’ = 2

deg

A

. We show that 2 deg

A

is the lowest degree one can expect in general. Specifically, we construct an Azumaya algebra A of degree 4 and period 2 such that the degree of any algebra

A’

in the Brauer class of

A

admitting an involution is divisible by 8.

Separately, we provide examples of split and nonsplit Azumaya algebras of degree 2 admitting symplectic involutions, but no orthogonal involutions. These stand in contrast to the case of central simple algebras of even degree over fields, where the presence of a symplectic involution implies the existence of an orthogonal involution and vice versa.
Women Writers and the Nation’s Past, 1790–1860
Authors: Spongberg Mary
Published: December 2018

1790 saw the publication of Edmund Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France – the definitive tract of modern conservatism as a political philosophy. Though women of the period wrote texts that clearly responded to and reacted against Burke’s conception of English history and to the contemporary political events that continued to shape it, this conversation was largely ignored or dismissed, and much of it remains to be reconsidered today.

Examining the works of women writers from Jane Austen and Mary Wollstonecraft to the Strickland sisters and Mary Anne Everett Green, this book begins to recuperate that conversation and in doing so uncovers a more complete and nuanced picture of women’s participation in the writing of history. Professor Mary Spongberg puts forward an alternate, feminized historiography of Britain that demonstrates how women writers’ recourse to history caused them to become generically innovative and allowed them to participate in the political debates that framed the emergence of modern British historiography, and to push back against the Whig interpretation of history that predominated from 1790-1860.
Experimental and model assessment of PM2.5 and BC emissions and concentrations in a Brazilian city – the Curitiba case study
Authors: Gidhagen Lars , Krecl Patricia , Targino Admir Créso , Polezer Gabriela , Godoi Ricardo H. M. , Castelhano Francisco , Felix Erika , Cipoli Yago Alonso , Malucelli Francisco , Wolf Alyson , Alonso Marcelo , Segersson David , Amorim Jorge Humberto , Mendonça Francisco
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Data on airborne fine particle emissions and concentrations in cities are valuable to traffic and air quality managers, urban planners and landscape architects, health practitioners, researchers, and ultimately to legislators and decision makers. This study aimed at determining the emissions and ambient concentrations of black carbon (BC) and fine particles (PM2.5) in the city of Curitiba, southern Brazil. The methodology applied combined a month-long monitoring campaign that included both fixed and mobile instruments, the development of emission inventories, and the dispersion simulation from the regional down to the street scale. The mean urban background PM2.5 concentrations during the campaign were below 10 µg m−3 in Curitiba city center, but two- to three-fold higher in a residential area, indicating the presence of unidentified local sources, possibly linked to wood combustion. Mean BC concentrations seemed to be more uniformly distributed over the city, with urban background levels around 2 µg m−3, which rose to about 5 µg m−3 in heavily trafficked street canyons. The dispersion modeling also showed high PM2.5 and BC concentrations along the heavily transited ring road and over the industrial area southwest of Curitiba. However, the lack of in situ data over this area prevented the corroboration of the model outputs. The integrated approach used in this study can be implemented in other Brazilian cities as long as an open data policy and a close cooperation between municipal authorities and academia can be achieved.