bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OBESITY AND COVID-19: coexisting Pandemics
Authors: Paula Ana Clara Vale de , Santana Gabriely Rocha Nascimento , Ribeiro Izabelli Coelho , Ribeiro Kelly Alessandra Resende Lima , Mata Letícia Oliveira Carvalho , Barbosa Letícia Tainara , Rosestolato Luciana Moreira Maciel , Guimarães Mylenna Diulia Geromin , Oliveira Eliane Moreto Silva , Pereira Larissa Mirelle de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Considerada uma epidemia mundial, a obesidade é definida como o acúmulo excessivo de tecido adiposo, sendo essa uma doença crônica. Concomitante a essa epidemia, surge em 2019 uma nova pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus, o SARS-COV-2, que é o patógeno causador da doença COVID-19. No intuito de compreender a relação existente entre a obesidade e a COVID-19, foi realizada uma análise narrativa da literatura, na qual foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico, em inglês e português, por meio dos descritores obesidade e COVID-19, utilizando-se do operador booleano AND. Resultando assim, em uma seleção de 20 referências, as quais contribuíram para uma análise da relação entre obesidade e COVID-19, e como a obesidade pode ser um agravante em pacientes infectados pelo novo coronavírus.

Palavras-chave: Obesidade. COVID-19. SARS-COV-2. Fatores de risco.
POLYMORPHISMS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE AGGRAVATION OF COVID-19 IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Pereira Bárbara Luana Marques , Teixeira Emerson Willian`s Motta , Silva Jéssica Garcia , Amorim Júlia Elisa , Assis Lidiane Tânia , Assis Lidiane Tânia , Nogueira Maria Eduarda Ganan , Nascimento Natália Lopes do , Pereira Larissa Mirelle de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Os primeiros casos de COVID-19 apareceram em Wuhan em novembro de 2019. Após vários estudos, foi possível relacionar que o quadro de COVID-19 pode ser agravado em pacientes que apresentam comorbidades tal qual a hipertensão. Alterações na disposição dos genes, que levam a doenças por polimorfismos, podem alterar a atuação do vírus dentro do corpo humano. Por meio de uma revisão narrativa da literatura desenvolvida neste trabalho, conseguiu-se observar que pacientes que apresentam hipertensão, tinham mais chance de desenvolver o quadro mais grave de COVID-19, inclusive evoluindo para óbito. Um dos motivos observados durante este estudo, mostra que alterações genéticas, como os polimorfismos de base única (SNP) no gene associado à ECA2 são grandes contribuintes para a piora do quadro nas infecções por SARS-CoV-2. Além dessa alteração, a desregulação do sistema angiotensina-renina-aldosterona, também pode agravar o quadro, pois essa alteração genética aumenta a inflamação do organismo. Outro ponto importante a se considerar é que a modulação epigenética, através da alimentação, pode diminuir os riscos do paciente hipertenso que contraiu COVID-19, evitando o desenvolvimento a forma grave da doença.

Palavras-Chave: COVID-19. Hipertensão. Polimorfismos. SARS-Cov-2. ECA 2. Epigenética. Genética.
THE INFLUENCE OF TESTOSTERONE ON COVID-19 SEVERITY: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Magalhães Laila Santos , Ferreira Gabrielle Giovanna Soares , Alvarenga Fernanda Contani , Mendes Gabriely Cristina , Paula Larissa Maria Carvalho de , Viegas Lavinia Nascimento , Resende Raphael Henrique de , Dersi Victor Miguel Graterol , Pereira Larissa Mirelle de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Este artigo de revisão explora a correlação entre os níveis de testosterona e a gravidade da infecção por COVID-19 em homens. A literatura sugere que homens apresentaram maior susceptibilidade a complicações graves e óbitos durante a pandemia de COVID-19, levantando hipóteses sobre o papel da testosterona. A testosterona, um hormônio sexual predominante nos homens, possui uma influência significativa no sistema imunológico, especialmente em sua função anti-inflamatória. Este estudo revisou artigos de 2016 a 2024, focando em como os níveis de testosterona podem influenciar a resposta imune à COVID-19. Foram identificados 191 artigos, dos quais 14 foram incluídos na análise final. Os resultados apontaram que níveis baixos de testosterona podem estar associados a uma maior gravidade da infecção, resultando em hospitalizações, ventilação mecânica e óbitos. Ao mesmo tempo, há evidências contraditórias sobre o papel da testosterona, uma vez que níveis normais parecem proteger contra a tempestade de citocinas, enquanto níveis elevados podem aumentar a expressão de receptores que facilitam a entrada viral. Concluiu-se que a relação entre testosterona e COVID-19 é complexa e demanda mais estudos clínicos para esclarecimentos.

Palavras-chave: Testosterona. COVID-19. Gravidade da Infecção.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COVID-19 AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Assis Patrícia Coelho , Reis Júlia Silva , Souza Rhandy Valle , Silva Clara Nascimento , Ávila Mauro Françoso de , Teixeira Wanessa Franco , Souza Vanessa Aparecida de , Oliveira Eliane Moreto Silva , Pereira Larissa Mirelle de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o impacto do Diabetes Mellitus nos desfechos clínicos de pacientes infectados pela COVID-19. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura abrangente, com base em publicações extraídas das plataformas Google Acadêmico, LILACS e MEDLINE, com foco em estudos publicados em português entre 2020 e 2021. Os resultados evidenciam que o Diabetes Mellitus exerce influência significativa no agravamento dos quadros clínicos de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19, resultando em maior gravidade da doença. A revisão destacou o impacto substancial do Diabetes Mellitus no funcionamento de diferentes células do sistema imunológico, corroborando a necessidade de internação em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) e suporte respiratório em muitos casos. No entanto, conclui-se que são necessários estudos adicionais, com maior controle populacional e consideração de comorbidades, para aprofundar a compreensão da relação entre COVID-19 e Diabetes Mellitus.

Palavras-chave: COVID-19. Diabetes Mellitus. Coronavírus.
GLOBAL WORKSPACE THEORY AND SPECULATIONS ABOUT CONSCIOUS PROCESSES IN ANIMAL MODELS
Authors: Pereira Ana Carolina Merenciano Sundfeld , Meira Matheus Cavalcante , Ide Liliam Midori , Alves Marco Aurélio Sousa
Published: October 2024

O estudo da consciência é uma área emergente dentro da pesquisa em neurociência. Nesta revisão, nosso objetivo foi caracterizar um dos modelos mais influentes de processamento consciente na literatura científica atual, a Teoria do Espaço de Trabalho Global da consciência proposta por Bernard Baars. A teoria postula a presença de uma arquitetura neural contendo muitos módulos de processamento discretos, localizados anatomicamente e com conexões de curto alcance, que seriam responsáveis por processos automáticos e inconscientes. Esses módulos de processamento, por sua vez, estariam interconectados por uma rede não localizada, responsável por integrar e transmitir globalmente informações através das áreas do cérebro. Essa transmissão global, por sua vez, seria acompanhada pela experiência consciente. Em seguida, postulou-se como essa teoria pode ser aplicável a modelos animais de processamento consciente, tomando como exemplo grupos como peixes teleósteos, murinos e cefalópodes, considerando as evidências disponíveis atualmente sobre comportamento animal e neurofisiologia.

Palavras-chave: arquitetura do espaço de trabalho global. Consciência e cognição. Murinos. Peixes teleósteos. Cefalópodes.
FUNCTIONAL CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF ELDERLY AND APPLICABILITY OF GERONTOGERIATRIC INSTRUMENTS: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Moreira Wagner Elias de Melo , Andrade Kelly Jackeline Oliveira Pereira , Silva Paula Baccarini Viegas Costa da , Mello Jorge Luiz de Carvalho , Souza Diba Maria Sebba Tosta de
Published: October 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e analisar pesquisas que utilizaram instrumentos gerontogeriátricos validados para o diagnóstico clínico funcional em idosos. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, abrangendo artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2020 nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e SCIELO. Após uma criteriosa seleção, 14 estudos foram incluídos na revisão, evidenciando que os instrumentos gerontogeriátricos disponíveis possuem elevada aplicabilidade e precisão para avaliar a funcionalidade clínica dos idosos, sendo ferramentas valiosas no contexto do envelhecimento populacional.

Palavras-chave: Avaliação Geriátrica. Equilíbrio Postural. Idoso Fragilizado.
Cabanagem: diálogos entre novos olhares
Authors: Paiva Ian Costa
Published: October 2024

Objetiva-se, a partir desta resenha, analisar alguns dos estudos revisionistas acerca do processo revolucionário cabano entre 1835 e 1840, na Província do Grão-Pará, através dos escritos dos historiadores Luís Antônio Balkar e Cláudia Fuller.
Confabulações críticas em chãos conservadores: pensando os ataques às artes no Nordeste a partir de 2018
Authors: Souza Jamysson Ian Lima
Published: October 2024

Este estudo se estrutura a partir de uma análise crítica, histórica, poética e política acerca de casos de artistas do corpo, dos estados da Paraíba e de Pernambuco, que, a partir do ano de 2018, sofreram algum tipo de violência ao performar em espaços públicos. Para isso, os princípios para análise documental, bem como para estudos de casos, foram aglutinados, a fim de construir ferramentas metodológicas para entrevistar e refletir sobre as experiências de duas artistas. Essas, que ao atuaram no campo da performance em espaços públicos a partir de 2018, foram violentadas durante suas ações poéticas. Dessa forma, guiado por uma contextualização acerca do campo da performance em suas dimensões históricas e transgressoras, os casos das artistas violentadas foram analisados pelo autor que, por vezes, se coloca na primeira pessoa, de forma atenta e ética. Com isso, buscou-se compreender os atravessamentos do sistema conservador, por meio da ascensão do Bolsonarismo para com as poéticas do corpo, bem como as estratégias autoritárias de perseguição na contemporaneidade. Assim, percebe-se que esse projeto histórico de perseguição às artes, que ocupam os espaços públicos, confronta o direito à liberdade e desestabiliza as estruturas democráticas, por meio de golpes a fazedores de arte atingidos, para além das narrativas tratadas em suas obras.
Considerações sobre a(s) tentativa(s) de desmonte da educação especial na perspectiva da educação inclusiva (2016-2022)
Authors: Barbosa Alysson Vinícius Pacífico
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas reflexões sobre a “Nova Política Nacional de Educação Especial: Equitativa, Inclusiva e com Aprendizado ao Longo da Vida (2020)”, instituída por meio do Decreto nº. 10.502, de 30 de setembro de 2020. Fez-se uso de autores como Azevedo (2001), Bonafont (2004), Correia e Baptista (2018), Höfling (2001), Nascimento (2015), Martins (2010), Silva (2010), Souza e Pletsch (2017), bem como de políticas educacionais e documentos legais, tais como, Constituição Federal de 1988 (Brasil, 1988); LDBEN – Lei n° 9.394/96 (Brasil, 1996); Decreto n° 7.611 (Brasil, 2011); Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva (Brasil, 2008) e a Política Nacional de Educação Especial: Equitativa, Inclusiva e com Aprendizado ao Longo da Vida (Brasil, 2020). Para tanto, encontra-se estruturalmente dividido da seguinte forma: “A Construção: Políticas Públicas, Sociais, Educacionais e a Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva (2008)” e “A Derrocada: o Decreto n° 10.502/2020 e a Nova Política Nacional de Educação Especial: Equitativa, Inclusiva e com Aprendizado ao Longo da Vida” (2020). Desta forma, conclui-se que desde a chegada de Michel Temer à Presidência da República em 2016, ocorreram tentativas de desmonte das políticas públicas sociais e educacionais, agravando-se ainda mais com o projeto reacionário de governo comandado pelo ex-presidente Jair Messias Bolsonaro (2019-2022). A revogação do Decreto nº 10.502/2020 veio com o Decreto nº 11.370, de 1º de janeiro de 2023, que leva a assinatura do presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
Rebeldias precárias de um corpo V.I.AD@ e(m) performance
Authors: Andrade Gabriel , Costa Daniel Santos
Published: October 2024

Este texto investiga a rebeldia precária de um corpo-viado E(M) performance, utilizando como ferramentas de pesquisa a ideia de escrevivência(Conceição Evaristo, 2018), cartografia (Suely Rolnik, 2018) e performance (Tânia Alice, 2016). O estudo, portanto, estabelece um campo de reflexões sobre as práticas macro e micropolíticas, examinando as experiências em torno dessas esferas e seus enviesamentos com a performance “uniformizando-me(se)”realizada pelo primeiro autor. A pesquisa se concentra em descrever a performance supracitada, concebendo-a como prática micropolítica, na qual o corpo-viado se torna um local de expressão política. A escrita que segue abaixo é performativa conquanto experimental, cujos autores buscam apresentar outras formas de escritas acadêmicas, incorporando as experiências corporais e subjetivas do corpo na escrita. Com isso, o que se pretende, é contribuir para ampliar o entendimento das políticas de corpo e sexualidade e, ao mesmo tempo tentar subverter as práticas convencionais de escritas acadêmicas.
Arara-Canindé (Ara Ararauna) no sul de Roraima: a reinvenção da convivência entre o homem e a fauna silvestre na comunidade ‘Rio Dias'
Authors: Oliveira Polyanni Dallara Dantas , Sousa Rafael Teixeira de , Passos Yunã Lurie Araújo
Published: October 2024

Arara-canindé/Ara ararauna (Linnaeus, 1758) é uma espécie presente nas densas florestas tropicais do extremo norte do Brasil, podendo ser encontrada com facilidade no estado de Roraima, apesar do avanço do desmatamento e queimadas impulsionadas por interesses econômicos. Embora a exploração ambiental ilegal tenha aumentado na região nos últimos anos, é possível notar os efeitos da convivência entre os moradores da zona rural de Caracaraí (RR) e as aves silvestres, indicando que o processo de povoamento nessas áreas proporciona o encontro inevitável entre o modo de viver da população e o modo de ser desses animais. De forma que este abalo, ora gera uma compreensão mútua e uma aproximação, ora promove o desequilíbrio e a violação da fauna. Nesse contexto, este estudo visa analisar a experiência de coexistência entre as espécies na área de estudo, buscando sensibilizar a comunidade para a importância da conservação dos habitats e ecossistemas. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados envolvem observações diretas, entrevistas e análise documental realizadas durante expedições na localidade Rio Dias pertencente a Caracaraí, e em Boa Vista, ambas situadas em Roraima. A coleta de dados registrou os comportamentos das araras e a percepção da comunidade sobre a fauna local, sendo complementada por entrevistas e registros fotográficos. Os resultados destacam a urgência de repensar a relação entre humanos e natureza, enfatizando a necessidade de preservar a rica biodiversidade da região amazônica.
Prontuário Eletrônico Cidadão (PEC) na atenção secundária em saúde
Authors: Tonkio Carolina , Silva José Geraldo Ferreira da
Published: October 2024

A publicação foi desenvolvida para utilização na atenção primária em saúde e suas especificidades, sendo expandido posteriormente para a atenção secundária em saúde como projeto piloto, especificamente na assistência especializada do Núcleo Regional de Especialidades de São Mateus/ES.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA COMUNICAÇÃO EFETIVA ENTRE CIRURGIÕES E PACIENTES NA CLÍNICA CIRÚRGICA
Authors: Barbosa Carine Freitas , Reis Marllon Vinicius Silva , Silva Júnior Ecimar Gonçalves da , Ribeiro Jéssica Aparecida da Silva
Published: October 2024

Resumo
O RIO GRANDE DO SUL E A DIVERSIDADE DO FOLCLORE
Authors: Bolsi Aimara , Barbosa Cristiano da Silva , Wolffenbuttel Cristina Rolim , Paixão Dinara Xavier da , Silveira Gilmara Martins , Maciel Maria Eunice , Martins Monique da Costa , Ribeiro Paula Simon , Daniel Paulo Elias
Published: October 2024

Este livro é uma celebração da riqueza e diversidade do folclore e da cultura tradicional, oferecendo uma visão abrangente e esclarecedora sobre suas múltiplas dimensões e significados. A obra convida o leitor a mergulhar nas raízes culturais do Brasil, explorando desde as tradições gaúchas até as práticas artesanais e religiosas, passando pelas brincadeiras infantis e pela literatura. Cada capítulo traz uma perspectiva única, contribuindo para uma compreensão mais profunda e nuançada da identidade cultural brasileira. Ao reunir o trabalho de diversos estudiosos e pesquisadores, esta coletânea se torna uma referência essencial para todos aqueles interessados em conhecer e valorizar o patrimônio cultural do país.
Assessing Subseasonal Forecasts of Dry Spells and Heatwaves at the Regional Scale in Brazil
Authors: Cunningham Christopher , Klingaman Nicholas , Anderson Liana O. , Cuartas Adriana , Brown Foster , Valadares Paulo Henrique , Ribeiro Ianca , Londe Luciana
Published: October 2024

This study evaluates the performance of subseasonal forecasts for dry spells and heatwaves at a regional scale in Brazil. The forecasts’ verification was designed to provide end-users with relevant information about the forecasts’ quality. The U.K. Met Office model was assessed using a significant sample of weekly forecasts: 552 for dry spells and 240 for heatwaves.  The analysis reveals that the overall performance of the forecasts is low, with a chance of detecting an event close to 0.2, indicating that only one out of five observed dry spells is accurately predicted on average. The application of quantile mapping corrections demonstrates improvements in predicting shorter dry spells (up to 5 days) and longer lead times, although the timing of these forecasts often remains inaccurate, leading to increased false alarms. A significant improvement in the forecast quality occurs when categorization by duration is disregarded. The detection chances increase to 0.5−0.7 for dry spells and 0.5 for heatwaves. The Brier Score indicates that the probabilistic forecasts issued by the model are equivalent or less skilful than climatological probabilities. Overall, the findings underscore the challenges in forecasting dry spells and heatwaves in Brazil and highlight the need for ongoing improvements in forecasting methodologies to enhance their reliability and utility for regional decision-making. This research contributes to understanding subseasonal climate forecasting and its implications for managing climate-related risks in Brazil.
AI and RPA integration: The future of intelligent automation in business operations
Authors: Abhaykumar Dalsaniya  , Kishan Patel
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence and Robotic process automation, commonly known as Cognitive automation, are now revolutionizing business processes and delivering Intelligent automation solutions. The objective of this paper is to explain how AI is connected to RPA and how these two technologies improve proper business functioning. Since organizations are trying to make their processes more efficient, the demand for such automation tools that execute simple tasks and learn from data is greatest. To that end, the present study adopted a mixed-methods approach based on quantitative and qualitative research procedures. The primary data were obtained through the questionnaires of those organizations that have already implemented AI and RPA and the four interviews of the industry specialists. Furthermore, primary data supplemented by second data sourced from peer-reviewed journals and white papers where relevant were considered in substantiation of the research findings. The paper outlines the advantages of IA for organizations, including increased operation efficiency, better customer experience, and higher employee morale. Key insights include confirming that organizations with AI and RPA achieve much lower operating expenses and the duration required to accomplish repetitive activities. However, the study also reveals issues using these technologies, such as data security and retraining costs. In general, this study adds to the knowledge of effectively managing the strategic directions in BPO using AI and RPA integration while providing insights to companies on the approaches towards realizing this type of transformational change. In other words, there has been a gradual accumulation in the evolution of business automation that has characterized the industrial and economic revolution over the centuries.
Threat modelling for serverless architectures identifying and mitigating risks in Function-As-A-Service (FAAS)
Authors: Karthik Venkatesh Ratnam  , Rajashekar Reddy Yasani
Published: October 2024

One significant method for developing software is Function as a Service (FaaS), which entails making little, tailored functions to deal with particular jobs. Coders put less emphasis on creating full apps and more on creating these functions that are called when certain events or requests come in. If you want to learn about and use Function as a Service, this article is for you. Customers using the serverless approach do not need to reserve hardware resources, which is a departure from the conventional cloud computing service model. Billing is dependent on real resource consumption, and code execution is event-driven (via HTTP requests, cron jobs, etc.). In exchange, the provider is liable for assigning resources and tasks. Serverless is most often seen as a public cloud service, although there are solutions being worked on and supported by strong players in the industry that will enable private cloud serverless platforms to be built. "Function as a Service" (FaaS), the initial serverless offering, has serious flaws that might cancel out any advantages for providers and customers alike, particularly when it comes to providers' capacity to multiplex resources and customers' ability to save money. Providers and tenants alike could save a ton of money and energy if these problems were solved. In order to prevent serverless from becoming the default cloud computing model, this chapter will provide a thorough overview of its limits and highlight state-of-the-art research to address these issues.
Digital transformation in pharmacy marketing: integrating AI and machine learning for optimized drug promotion and distribution
Authors: Rinji Goshit Kassem  , Akachukwu Obianuju Mbata  , Precious Azino Usuemerai  , Luqman Adewale Abass  , Eigbokhan Gilbert Ogbewele
Published: October 2024

The digital transformation of pharmacy marketing, driven by artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, is revolutionizing how drugs are promoted and distributed. This review examines the role of AI and machine learning in enabling more efficient, personalized marketing strategies, while also optimizing the supply chain and distribution processes within the pharmaceutical industry. By leveraging data-driven insights, pharmacies can enhance the reach and effectiveness of their marketing campaigns, targeting specific demographics and predicting patient behaviors. AI tools such as predictive analytics, customer segmentation, and natural language processing (NLP) allow pharmacies to design highly personalized campaigns, delivering relevant messages to patients and healthcare providers at the optimal time. Machine learning also streamlines drug distribution by improving supply chain management and inventory control, reducing inefficiencies, and ensuring timely delivery. Predictive models can anticipate demand fluctuations, optimizing logistics to prevent shortages or overstocking. These technologies provide pharmacies with real-time market insights, enabling faster adaptation to changing market trends and patient needs. Furthermore, AI-enabled tools help track and measure campaign performance, facilitating continuous refinement for better outcomes. Despite the numerous advantages, the implementation of AI in pharmacy marketing raises challenges, particularly around data privacy and ethical considerations in patient-targeted marketing. The review addresses these concerns, advocating for responsible use of AI to maintain patient trust while maximizing the benefits of these advanced technologies. Finally, it explores future trends, such as AI-driven automation and further integration of machine learning in healthcare operations, predicting a transformative shift toward more efficient, data-centric pharmacy marketing and distribution. This digital transformation offers significant potential for improving patient engagement, operational efficiency, and market growth.
Pharmacy marketing for public health impact: Promoting preventive care and health literacy through strategic campaigns
Authors: Rinji Goshit Kassem  , Akachukwu Obianuju Mbata  , Precious Azino Usuemerai  , Luqman Adewale Abass  , Eigbokhan Gilbert Ogbewele
Published: October 2024

Pharmacies are increasingly recognized as pivotal players in public health, capable of promoting preventive care and enhancing health literacy through strategic marketing campaigns. This research explores how pharmacies can effectively contribute to public health by aligning their marketing efforts with broader health initiatives. By leveraging their direct access to patients, pharmacies can raise awareness about vital preventive measures, such as vaccinations, disease screenings, and healthy lifestyle choices. This review examines the role of pharmacies in addressing health literacy gaps, particularly in simplifying complex medical information to ensure patients are better equipped to make informed health decisions. Strategic pharmacy marketing can promote preventive care by highlighting available services, encouraging early disease detection, and advocating for regular health check-ups. Through targeted campaigns, pharmacies can drive engagement and uptake of vaccinations and other preventive health measures, particularly among populations that might be less likely to access healthcare through traditional means. Furthermore, educational campaigns focused on improving health literacy are essential for empowering patients, helping them understand medication use, chronic disease management, and the importance of adhering to prescribed treatments. The research also highlights case studies where pharmacies have successfully led public health campaigns, demonstrating measurable improvements in community health outcomes. It discusses the importance of partnerships between pharmacies and public health organizations, fostering collaboration to amplify health messages. Finally, the review outlines strategies for effective campaign implementation, including the use of digital tools and data analytics to reach diverse patient populations. By integrating these approaches, pharmacies can serve as essential contributors to public health, promoting wellness, disease prevention, and improved patient outcomes.
Urban air pollution: Sources, impacts, and sustainable mitigation strategies for a cleaner future
Authors: Peter Makinde  , Ayodeji Idowu  , Ellen Pokauh  , Adedeji Priscilla
Published: October 2024

Background: Cities around the world have to deal with a big problem: air pollution. This is bad for health and the environment. The main causes of urban air pollution, its many effects, and new ways to cut it down are all looked at in this in-depth study. Because cities are growing so quickly, the number of harmful pollutants in the air has reached a frighteningly high level. This means that fast action is needed from lawmakers, companies, and communities. Materials and Methods: Many studies, government reports, and publications from foreign groups have been looked over and judged to be adequate for this review. Planned reading of writing from the last 20 years is part of the method. Large cities in different parts of the world are given extra attention by the writers. A full picture of how air pollution changes in towns is shown in this review, which uses data from air monitoring sites, epidemiological studies, and climate modeling. Findings: The study finds that the main things that pollute the air in towns are making energy, driving cars, and doing industrial work. Particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are the 3 main types of pollution. There's a lot of proof that they make lung diseases, heart problems, and early deaths more likely. The data show that there is a strong link between the amount of pollution in the air and things like income. Some places are more likely than others to have to deal with the health effects and exposure. Discussion: The paper takes a close look at how well the current rules and methods for managing air pollution in various city areas work. Some of the new ideas that are talked about are green urban planning, better emission controls, and using renewable energy to clean up the air in towns. The review also talks about how climate change and air pollution affect each other in complex ways. It stresses the need for unified approaches to handle both issues at the same time. Conclusion: This in-depth look at the subject shows how important it is to clean up polluted air right away by working together. Instead of working alone, communities, companies, and governments need to work together to find long-lasting solutions. These findings show how important strict rules, new tools, and changes in how people act for making big changes in city air quality. Countries need to work together and share their knowledge to solve this global problem and make sure that cities have better, more sustainable futures. This is stressed at the end of the review
Exploring Gaucher disease: A pediatric case of severe dyslipidemia and unique symptoms
Authors: Asad Riaz  , Muhammad Kinwan Khan  , Muhammad Sannan Rauf  , Azlan Shah  , Mursaleen Ahmad  , Waqar Hussain  , Sayed Sabit Shah  , Aimen Waseem  , Abdul Muhymin Alam Khattak  , Aabdar Hidayat  , Imad Akbar  , Muhammad Mustafa
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Gaucher disease is a rare inherited lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GBA gene, leading to glucocerebrosidase deficiency. This results in the accumulation of glucocerebroside in macrophages, forming "Gaucher cells" that infiltrate various tissues, primarily affecting the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and nervous system. The disease manifests in three types, with Type 1 being the most common and devoid of neurological symptoms. Diagnosis involves enzyme level testing, genetic screening, and imaging, while treatment primarily consists of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and substrate reduction therapy (SRT). Case-Report: A one-year-old girl presented with weakness, irritability, and recurrent fever over six months, previously misdiagnosed with malaria and respiratory infections. Physical examination revealed pallor, hepatosplenomegaly, and cherry-red spots on fundoscopy. Laboratory findings indicated anemia, leukocytosis, and severe dyslipidemia, highlighting atypical features for Gaucher disease. Discussion: This case emphasizes the diagnostic challenges in pediatric Gaucher disease, especially with nonspecific symptoms. The combination of cherry-red spots and dyslipidemia suggests a unique variant or severity of the disease, underlining the necessity for heightened awareness among healthcare providers for prompt diagnosis. Conclusion: Gaucher disease should be considered in pediatric patients with unexplained systemic symptoms. Early detection and ERT initiation can significantly improve clinical outcomes. The case illustrates the variability in clinical presentations, emphasizing the need for comprehensive diagnostic evaluation.
Evaluating the effectiveness of climate change policies and initiatives in the United States: A comprehensive review
Authors: Somtochukwu Godfrey Nnabuife  , Chisom Assumpta Nnajiofor  , Adaeze Mary Eze  , Gibson Owhoro Ofremu  , Babatunde Yusuf Raimi  , Samuel Omokhafe Yusuf  , Beatrice Akorfa Dziwornu
Published: October 2024

Climate change presents profound challenges, demanding effective policies to mitigate its impacts. This paper reviews the effectiveness of climate policies in the United States, analyzing scholarly articles, government reports, and relevant literature. The review covers diverse policies such as greenhouse gas regulations, renewable energy initiatives, energy efficiency programs, and adaptation measures. It assesses their success in reducing carbon emissions, advancing a low-carbon economy, and enhancing resilience to climate impacts. Key findings highlight significant successes, such as the rise in renewable energy due to renewable portfolio standards and reduced emissions from vehicle fuel efficiency standards. State-level initiatives, like carbon pricing and renewable energy targets, also show promising outcomes. However, the review identifies substantial challenges, including political and economic obstacles, inconsistent policies across states, and the need for better federal-state-local collaboration. Additionally, disparities in policy benefits, with marginalized communities facing greater burdens and limited access to renewable resources, are significant concerns. To enhance the effectiveness of climate policies, the study recommends fostering coherent policies across all government levels, promoting equitable and inclusive climate solutions, raising public awareness, and supporting innovation in clean technologies. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to develop strategies that effectively address climate change, promote sustainability, and ensure a fair transition to a low-carbon future.
Prevalence and distribution of impacted maxillary third molar odontectomy at the dental and oral teaching hospital (RSGM-P) of Airlangga University
Authors: David Buntoro Kamadjaja  , Jauza Ardiningrum Hermawan  , Fildzah Arum Yudiani  , Fellya Adelya Rahmasetya
Published: October 2024

Background: Impacted maxillary third molar does not always cause complaints. However, if the tooth is infected, damages another tooth, or has other dental problems, it must be removed. The removal is done through a process known as odontectomy. In Indonesia, especially in Surabaya, research on odontectomy in cases of impacted maxillary third molars is still rarely conducted. This underlies the author's research on the prevalence and distribution of impacted maxillary third molar odontectomy at the Dental and Oral Teaching Hospital (RSGM-P) of Airlangga University. Purpose: To determine the prevalence and distribution of odontectomy in cases of impacted maxillary third molar tooth in patients at the Dental and Oral Teaching Hospital (RSGM-P) of Airlangga University. Method: This study used medical record data from patients with impacted maxillary third molar odontectomy at the Dental and Oral Teaching Hospital (RSGM-P) of Airlangga University from January 2019 - December 2021. The data results were processed and analyzed based on sample inclusion and exclusion criteria using descriptive statistical tests. Result: The prevalence of impacted maxillary third molar odontectomy at RSGMP Airlangga University from January 2019 - December 2021 was 8.48% with the largest group in female patients (70.3%), age group 20-24 years (37.4%), B SA classification (46.2%), vertical angulation type (46.2%), accompanied by complaints of orofacial pain as the main reason for odontectomy (28.6%). Conclusion: Odontectomy is most often performed in patients with female gender, age group 20-24 years, B SA classification, vertical angulation type, and additional complaints of orofacial pain.
The assessment of antioxidant potential of Olea europaea and Ocimum basilicum and their comparative and combine study
Authors: Zia Ud Din  , Majid Ayaz  , Junaid Hussain  , Hafsa Anwar  , Muhammad Afnan Khattak  , Aimal Khan  , Arif Ullah
Published: October 2024

Many chronic diseases, such as cancer and diabetes, are connected to the negative consequences of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ocimum basilicum or basil is a plant that is high in eugenol and vitamin K and is recognized for its antioxidant qualities. Research has indicated that basil possesses strong anticancer properties, impacting multiple biological processes like autophagy, cell cycle regulation, inflammation management, apoptosis, and metastasis suppression. Analogously, Olea europaea (olive) is acknowledged for its hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant characteristics. Because of their anticancer properties, the polyphenols included in olive leaves have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy against specific forms of cancer. At doses of 100, 500, and 1000 µg/mL, respectively, the Olea europaea extract demonstrated dose-dependent antioxidant activity with scavenging rates of 45%, 66%, and 83%. At the same concentrations, the Ocimum basilicum methanolic extract demonstrated antioxidant action as well, with scavenging rates of 11%, 43%, and 49%. Notably, both plants’ methanolic extracts showed increased antioxidant activity when combined. At doses of 100, 500, and 1000 µg/mL, the combined extracts demonstrated scavenging activities of 42%, 49%, and 71% using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. This study's main goal is to assess the combined antioxidant capacity of methanolic extracts made from the leaves of Ocimum basilicum and Olea europaea. The results indicate that Ocimum basilicum and Olea europaea combination therapy considerably suppresses DPPH free radicals. With potential therapeutic effects, this combined therapy may be instrumental in scavenging free radicals that lead to the development of cancer.
Impact of behavioral finance on financial decision making
Authors: Guruansh Singh
Published: October 2024

This paper highlights the disproportionate effect of behavioral finance on investor’s investing decisions. While making any financial decisions, one easily gets influenced by psychological and emotional factors. Past individual experiences, tendency or opportunity for herd behavior, personal judgment, overconfidence in one's abilities, aversion to feelings of regret, reliance on advice from experts, and last but not least, something known as the disposition effect—by which investors tend to hold on to losing investments and professionally sell profitable ones too early. The impact of these factors on the investment decision-making process varies; on the one hand, they may enhance the quality of the decision-making process by aligning investments with risk tolerance and financial goals. However, on the other hand, behavioral factors can be a cause of inefficiency if investment decisions are based more on emotions than objective analysis. In our recent research, we questioned 187 investors, using a questionnaire from whom we acquired crucial information regarding the impact of behavioral finance on financial decisions. The primary objective of the questioning was to determine the effect of behavioral finance on financial decision-making. The secondary objective was to suggest some methods for making one aware of the repercussions of impulsive or emotional decision-making and making prudent investments.
Comparison of NFHS 4 and 5 data in Tamil Nadu for diarrhoeal disease and risk factors among children under 5 years
Authors: Ummu Haani Abdul Qayoom  , S. Kalpana  , Jasmine S Sundar  , S. Valarmathi  , G. Srinivas
Published: October 2024

Background: Globally, 4 billion cases of diarrhea occur every year and 88% of these can be attributed to unsafe water, inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene. One out of ten babies born in developing countries do not reach their fifth birthday as they die from diarrhoeal diseases. Diarrhoeal diseases remain the number one cause of child mortality in India even though it is a preventable illness. The study aims to compare the prevalence of diarrhoeal diseases and enumerate its risk factors among children aged below 5 years in different districts of Tamil Nadu from NFHS 4 and 5. Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis based on the NFHS 4 & 5 data of Tamil Nadu, which has data available in round 4 for 26,033 households and for 27,929 households in round 5. The analysis pertains to children aged below 5 years who were 7,658 in round 4 and 6,283 in round 5. Results: Overall there was a 53.8% decrease in prevalence in Tamil Nadu. Prevalence in Salem had reduced by 92.1%. Erode, Kanniyakumari and Krishnagiri achieved 84.5%, 86.6%, 89.2% reductions respectively. Nagapattinam and Virudhunagar experienced a higher number of prevalence with 7.5% and 12% increase of cases respectively. Overall Tamil Nadu 71.6% improvement in sanitation from NFHS-4. Tiruvannamalai achieved the highest improvement (96.5%), while Erode did not achieve much improvement (7.8%). Overall Tamil Nadu had 0.92% improvement in drinking water facility from NFHS-4. Nagapattinam and Perambalur have the highest improvement (6.8 and 6.5% respectively) and have achieved 100%. Ariyalur has had a 6.1% decline in quality of drinking water facility. Conclusion: Between NFHS 4 and 5, the prevalence of diarrhoeal cases among children under 5 has dropped by 53.8% and child mortality has reduced by 16.8% in Tamil Nadu. We can also see that there is an overall improvement in of 27.4% in sanitation and 0.92% in drinking water quality.
Spread of infectious diseases by microorganisms present in fomites
Authors: Aakriti Guleria
Published: October 2024

Fomites, inanimate objects that can carry infectious agents, play a critical role in the spread of infectious diseases. Despite advances in sanitation and hygiene practices, fomites remain a significant vector for the transmission of various pathogens, particularly in healthcare settings and densely populated environments. This paper reviews the mechanisms by which microorganisms are transmitted through fomites, the types of diseases commonly spread in this way and the factors that influence fomite-based transmission. Strategies for mitigating the risk of fomite-based disease spread are also discussed, highlighting the importance of targeted hygiene interventions, material design and environmental decontamination.
Prevalence of gingival overgrowth among patients at the periodontology clinic of Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga
Authors: Eka Fitria Augustina  , Nailil Ulya  , Raden Lailatul Izza
Published: October 2024

Background: The prevalence of dental and oral health problems in Indonesia, including periodontal disease and gingival overgrowth (GO), remains high and requires serious attention from health workers. This study aims to determine the prevalence of GO due to the existing data gap and public concern regarding this condition. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of gingival overgrowth among patients at the periodontology clinic of Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital. Material and Methods: This study was conducted from August to September 2023 at the Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) Universitas Airlangga using a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design. The sample was calculated using total sampling from medical record data of patients at the Periodontics Clinic of the Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) Universitas Airlangga who met the inclusion criteria in 2022. The study variables included gingival overgrowth (GO), gender, age, and tooth region (sextant). Data were processed using Microsoft Excel and presented as a percentage (%). A descriptive data analysis was carried out to draw a conclusion. Conclusion: The study found that 37.11% of patients at the Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) of Universitas Airlangga experienced gingival overgrowth. The percentage of male patients experiencing gingival overgrowth was higher than that of women, with the highest age group being 18-24 years. The tooth area that experienced the most gingival overgrowth was sextant 5, with a total of 29 samples.
Nano-emulgel formulation of lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon citratus) as herbal–based topical drug for oral mucositis: A review
Authors: Brian Limantoro  , Melati Utami  , Felice Kanaya Chandra  , Ni Komang Intan Putri Sari  , Nadia Jannah  , Bayu Cahyo Bintoro  , Michelle Ellen Kimberly  , Evelyn Nathania Prasetyo  , Angelina Moonieque Prasetyo  , Irhenyta Dwi Putri Lestari
Published: October 2024

Background: Oral mucositis is a condition characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa, commonly affecting cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, with MRSA infection as a significant contributing factor. This condition impairs mucosal barrier function, increasing susceptibility to secondary infections, especially from MRSA, which thrives in the moist environment of the oral cavity. Secondary infections by MRSA exacerbate symptoms, delay healing, and complicate the clinical presentation of mucositis through the production of virulence factors like enterotoxins and exfoliative toxins. Purpose: Explaining the potential of lemongrass extract and its combination with nanoemulgel formulation as herbal intervention against oral mucositis. Method: A literature review of studies published within the past five years from sources like ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Result: Lemongrass extract comprises prominent amount of citral, emphasizing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities. Combination with nanoemulgel phase will provide stability and enhanced therapeutic capabilities of lemongrass extract into the targeted oral site. Conclusion: The formulation of lemongrass extract nanoemulgel equipped can be a futuristic solution as an over-the-counter drug for minimally invasive therapy of oral mucositis.
PERANCANGAN DESAIN CASSING HARDCASE HANDPHONE DENGAN KONSEP KANO MODELING DAN KANSEI ENGINEERING
Authors: Khoiriah Miftakhul , Stighfarrinata Rizky , Abryandoko Eko Wahyu , Abryandoko Eko Wahyu
Published: October 2024

Persaingan produk menjadi tantangan bagi perusahaan. Kebutuhan pengembangan produk penting dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen salah satunya adalah produk hardcase. Teknologi handphone yang berkembang berdampak pada gaya hidup masyarakat. Produk hardcase selain menjadi pelindung handphone pada dekade terakhir bergeser menjadi salah satu kebutuhan gaya hidup. Inovasi produk hardcase menjadi penting untuk meningkatkan pemasaran sesuai kebutuhan konsumen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang ulang desain produk hardcase untuk meningkatkan daya tarik yang lebih pada konsumen. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kano modeling dan kansei enggineering. Penggunaan kano model difungsikan untuk mengkategorikan kebutuhan konsumen sesuai atribut yang ditentukan berdasarkan seberapa baik produk atau jasa tersebut mampu memuaskan kebutuhan konsumen. sedangkan kansei engginering difungsikan menerjemahkan kebutuhan emosional konsumen terhadap desain yang konkert terhadap produk hardcase. Hasil penelitian menunjukan metode kano modelling menghasilkan perbaikan atribut berdasarkan indikator fungsional dan disfungsional pada variabel pengunaan hardcase memperoleh skor tertinggi dengan nilai 0.72 dan variabel kemasaan mendapatkan skor terendah dengan nilai 0.51, Kemudian dilakukan identifikasi kansei engineering berdasarkan penilaian signifikansi anova, dengan 10 atribut variabel dependent diperoleh 9 atribut variabel dependent menarik,bahan, awet, desain, warna, ukuran, acssesoris, fungsi, daya tahan menghasilkan nilai sig 0.000 sehingga atribut layak dikembangkan.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PADA PRODUK PLYWOOD DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL (SQC) DAN FAULT MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA)
Authors: Dzakirah Sulthan Arkana
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengendalian kualitas produk plywood di PT. Sumber Graha Sejahtera Purbalingga menggunakan metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC) dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa defect yang paling dominan adalah delaminasi core dan delaminasi face/back. Metode SQC digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi variasi produk dan mengukur kinerja proses, sementara metode FMEA digunakan untuk menganalisis penyebab kegagalan potensial. Empat faktor penyebab utama dengan nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN) tertinggi adalah kurangnya ketelitian karyawan dalam menempel core, waktu pengepresan yang tidak memadai di mesin hot press, komposisi glue yang salah, dan lingkungan area kerja yang panas. Usulan perbaikan termasuk pelatihan karyawan, pengujian waktu pengepresan, inspeksi berkala, dan pengaturan suhu ruangan. Implementasi integrasi metode SQC dan FMEA diharapkan dapat mengurangi jumlah produk cacat dan meningkatkan kualitas produk plywood secara keseluruhan.