bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Serum Levels of Vitamin C, Uric Acid and Antioxidant Condition with Coronary Artery Diseases: a Case-Control Study
Authors: Torkzaban Aida , Naeini Seyed Amir Mansour Alavi , Hassanzadeh Akbar , Namdari Mehrdad
Published: October 2019

Background Coronary hearth diseases are among the main causes of death in adults. Increase of oxidative stress and defects in antioxidant defense play a major role in endothelium performance and are an effective factor in progress of atherosclerosis. Some studies have also reported different malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity among the atherosclerosis patients.Methods In this case-control study, 44 atherosclerosis patients referring to Shahid Madani treatment-education center were considered as the case group; while 44 healthy peoples were placed in the control group. Demographic data and anthropometric indices were measured. Food frequency questionnaire and international physical activity questionnaires were also completed. After 12 hours of fasting, 10 ml blood was sampled from the participants. Uric acid, vitamin C, TAC and MDA were also measured. The data were finally analyzed by SPSS Ver 22 software.Results A significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of uric acid (P<0.001) and vitamin C (P<0.03). However, mean MDA and TAC showed no significant difference between the two groups. The two groups’ difference in terms of vitamin A, E and beta carotene, zinc and selenium intake was not significant. A significant difference was however detected between the two groups in terms of vitamin C (P<0.047). A significant relationship was also observed between the systolic pressure and CHD (P<0.028).Conclusion Results of this study indicated that the uric acid and vitamin C levels of atherosclerosis patients had significant increase and decrease in comparison with the healthy subjects, respectively. Mean TAC and antioxidant levels of their diets (except for vitamin C) showed no significant difference. Systolic blood pressure of the patients was significantly higher than the controls.
Mating induces selective immune priming which is maintained throughout bumblebee queen diapause
Authors: Colgan Thomas J , Finlay Sive , Brown Mark JF , Carolan James C
Published: October 2019

Background: Understanding the mechanisms by which organisms adapt to unfavourable conditions is a fundamental question in ecology and evolutionary biology. One such mechanism is diapause, a period of dormancy typically found in nematodes, fish, crustaceans and insects. This state is a key life-history event characterised by arrested development, suppressed metabolism and increased stress tolerance and allows an organism to avoid prolonged periods of harsh and inhospitable environmental conditions. For some species, diapause is preceded by mating which can have a profound effect on female behaviour, physiology and key biological processes, including immunity. However, our understanding of how mating impacts long-term immunity and whether these effects persist throughout diapause is currently limited. To address this, we explored molecular changes in the haemolymph of the ecologically important pollinator, the buff-tailed bumblebee Bombus terrestris . B. terrestris queens mate prior to entering diapause, a non-feeding period of arrested development that can last 6-9 months. Using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics, we quantified changes in the pre-diapause queen haemolymph after mating, as well as the subsequent protein expression of mated queens during and post-diapause. Results: Our analysis identified distinct proteome profiles associated with diapause preparation, maintenance and termination. More specifically, mating pre-diapause was shown to increase the abundance of antimicrobial peptides, key effectors of the immune system. Furthermore, we identified the elevated abundance of these proteins to be maintained throughout diapause. This finding was in contrast to a general reduction in immune proteins during diapause suggestive of selective immune priming and expression during diapause. Diapause also affected the expression of proteins involved in cuticular maintenance, olfaction, as well as proteins of unknown function, which may have roles in diapause regulation. Conclusions: Our results provide clear molecular evidence for the consequences and benefits of mating at the immune level through the selective increased abundance of antimicrobial peptides that are sustained throughout diapause. In addition, our results provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which bumblebees prepare for, survive, and recover from diapause, insights that may have implications for our general understanding of these processes in other insect groups.
Genome-wide analysis of the Saccharina japonica sulfotransferase genes and their transcriptional profiles during whole developmental periods
Authors: Lu Chang , Shao Zhanru , Zhang Pengyan , Duan Delin
Published: October 2019

Background As a unique sulfated polysaccharide, fucoidan is the major component of cell wall in brown seaweeds. Its biochemical properties are determined by the positions and quantity of sulfate groups. The sulfation process is catalyzed by sulfotransferases (STs), which transfer the sulfuryl groups to carbohydrate backbones and are crucial for fucoidan biosynthesis. Nevertheless, the structures and functions of STs in brown seaweeds are not completely understood.Results There are a total of 27 ST genes identified from our genome and transcriptome analysis of Saccharina japonica and they were located in the 12 scaffolds and seven contigs. The S. japonica ST genes have many introns and alternative splicing sites, and four tandem duplicated gene clusters were identified among this genes family. Generally, the ST genes could be classified into five groups (Group I~V) based on phylogenetic analysis, and the ST proteins, which were encoded by genes within the same group, contained similar conserved motifs. In group I sequences, we found two highly conserved regions (region I: TxPKSGTxW; region IV: RKGxxGDWKxxFT), and Lys 81 and Arg 287 are critical for catalysis and substrate binding. Members of the S. japonica ST gene family show various expression patterns in different tissues and developmental stages. Transcripttional profiles indicate that more than half of ST genes transcriptional levels in kelp basal blades are higher than in distal blades, and decrease with the kelp development stages, while only ST 5 , 9 , 12 , 18 and 25 are increased. The co-down-regulated pathways are related to oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolic pathways, while the up-regulated pathways are involved with ribosome, nitrogen and sulfur metabolism.Conclusion Various characteristics of the STs allow the feasibilities of S. japonica to adapt to the costal environments, meet the needs of S. japonica growth and support their giant blades. This also reflects the complexity of fucoidan biosynthesis in different marine environments, tissues, and developmental stages.
Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics and Mortality of Adults Infected with Human Coronaviruses 229E and OC43
Authors: Choi Won-Il , Lee Choong Won
Published: October 2019

Background: There are few studies on the epidemiology and prognosis of coronavirus infections among patients seen in emergency departments and hospital inpatients. The purpose of the study was to compare clinical characteristics and mortality among adults infected with human coronaviruses (HCoV) 229E and OC43.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults (≥18 years) admitted to the emergency department and ward of a university teaching hospital for suspected viral infection from October 2012 to December 2017. Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to test for respiratory viruses. Multivariate logistic regression was used to compare mortality among patients with HCoV 229E and HCoV OC43 infections. The main outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality.
Results: Of 8,071 patients tested, 1,689 were found to have a respiratory virus infection. Of these patients, 133 had an HCoV infection, including 12 mixed infections, 44 HCoV 229E infections, and 77 HCoV OC43 infection s. HCoV 229E infections peaked in January and February, while HCoV OC43 infections occurred throughout the year. Sixteen patients (13.2%) with HCoV infections required admission to the intensive care unit. The 30-day all-cause mortality was 22.7% among patients with HCoV 229E infection, and 11.6% among patients with HCoV OC43 infection . Patients infected with HCoV 229E infection had a higher risk of death than those with HCoV OC43 infection (adjusted odds ratio: 2.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.74-6.05).
Conclusions: Infections with HCoVs 229E and OC43 appear to have different seasonal patterns, and HCoV 229E might be more virulent than HCoV OC43.
The statistical importance of a study for a network meta-analysis estimate
Authors: Rücker Gerta , Nikolakopoulou Adriani , Papakonstantinou Theodore , Salanti Georgia , Riley Richard D. , Schwarzer Guido
Published: October 2019

Background: In pairwise meta-analysis, the contribution of each study to the pooled estimate is given by its weight, which is defined based on the inverse variance of the estimate from that study. For network meta-analysis (NMA), the contribution of direct (and indirect) evidence is easily obtained from the diagonal elements of the hat matrix. It is, however, not fully clear how to generalize this to the percentage contribution of each study to a NMA estimate. Methods: After briefly discussing available approaches, we want to question whether it is possible to obtain unique percentage contributions and discuss another approach. We define the importance of each study for a NMA estimate by the reduction of the estimate's variance when adding the given study to the others. An equivalent interpretation is the relative loss in precision when the study is left out. Results: Importances are values between 0 and 1. An importance of 1 means that the study is an essential link of the pathway in the network connecting one of the treatments with the other. These numbers in general do not add to one and thus cannot be interpreted as `percentage contributions'. Conclusions: Importances generalize the concept of weights in pairwise meta-analysis in a natural way. Moreover, they are uniquely defined, easily calculated, and have an intuitive interpretation. We give some real examples for illustration.
Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block for postoperative pain control in patients undergoing unilateral inguinal hernia repair, a comparative study between two approaches.
Authors: Ahmed Abeer , Fawzy Maher , Nasr Mohamed AR. , Hussam Ayman M. , Fouad Eman , Aboeldahb Hesham , Saad Dalia , Osman Safinaz , Fahmy Rania Samir , Farid Mohamed , Waheb Mohsen M.
Published: October 2019

Background : early postoperative ambulation and reduction of hospital stay necessitate efficient postoperative analgesia. Quadrates Lumborum Block (QLB) has been described to provide adequate postoperative analgesia after abdominal surgery. This randomized comparative trial was designed to compare the duration of analgesia provided by two different QLB approaches; the posterior QLB (QLB-2) and transmuscular QLB (QLB-3) in patients undergoing surgical repair of unilateral inguinal hernia.
Methods: Forty patients, aged from 18-50 years, ASA physical status I or II, scheduled for unilateral inguinal hernia repair were enrolled. At the end of the surgical procedure and before recovery from general anesthesia, Patients were randomly assigned into two groups to receive either posterior QLB (Group QLB-2) or transmuscular QLB (Group QLB-3) using 20 ml 0.25% bupivacaine. Duration of analgesia, postoperative VAS and postoperative opioid consumption were recorded.
Results : duration of block was significantly longer in QLB-3 group when compared to QLB-2 group (20.1 + 6.2 hours versus 12.0 + 4.8 respectively) with P value of < 0.001. A statistically significant lower VAS score was recorded in QLB-3 group immediately and 12 hrs postoperative. QLB-3 group showed a statistically significant delayed time of first analgesic request and less postoperative morphine consumption with P value of < 0.001 and 0.001 respectively.
Conclusions : Ultrasound guided postsurgical transmuscular approach of QLB (QLB-3) using 20 ml 0.25% bupivacaine produces more postoperative analgesic effect and less postoperative opioid consumption when compared to posterior QLB approach (QLB-2) in patients underwent unilateral inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia.
Trial Registration : ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03526731- on 16 May 2018
Rapid adaptation of signaling networks in the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Bohnert Stefan , Antelo Luis , Grünewald Christiane , Yemelin Alexander , Andresen Karsten , Jacob Stefan
Published: October 2019

Background One fundamental question in biology is how the evolution of eukaryotic signaling networks has taken place. “Loss of function” (lof) mutants from components of the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signaling pathway in the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae are viable, but impaired in osmoregulation. Results After long-term cultivation upon high osmolarity, stable individuals with reestablished osmoregulation capacity arise independently from each of the mutants with inactivated HOG pathway. This phenomenon is extremely reproducible and occurs only in osmosensitive mutants related to the HOG pathway – not in other osmosensitive Magnaporthe mutants. The major compatible solute produced by these adapted strains to cope with high osmolarity is glycerol, whereas it is arabitol in the wildtype strain. Genome and transcriptome analysis resulted in candidate genes related to glycerol metabolism, perhaps responsible for an epigenetic induced reestablishment of osmoregulation, since these genes do not show structural variations within the coding or promotor sequences. Conclusion This is the first report of a stable adaptation in eukaryotes by producing different metabolites and opens a door for the scientific community since the HOG pathway is worked on intensively in many eukaryotic model organisms.
Career planning differences between male and female deaf students
Authors: Afdal Afdal , Iswari Mega , Alizamar Alizamar , Ifdil Ifdil , Syahputra Yuda , Nurhastuti Nurhastuti
Published: October 2019

This research aimed to study career planning differences between deaf male and female students. The study consisted of 96 deaf students of West Sumatra high school  registered in the semester of January-June 2018, randomly selected by multiple random sampling. Furthermore, the Afdal Career Planning Inventory (ACPI), using the Likert Scale model was used to examine and analyze the study. The results showed no significant difference in the career planning of male and female deaf students. It also showed that the male deaf students are generally in the low category, while the female are in the medium.
Lectures on faster-than-light travel and time travel
Authors: Shoshany Barak
Published: October 2019

These lecture notes were prepared for a 25-hour course for advanced
undergraduate students participating in Perimeter Institute’s
Undergraduate Summer Program. The lectures cover some of what is
currently known about the possibility of superluminal travel and time
travel within the context of established science, that is, general
relativity and quantum field theory. Previous knowledge of general
relativity at the level of a standard undergraduate-level introductory
course is recommended, but all the relevant material is included for
completion and reference. No previous knowledge of quantum field theory,
or anything else beyond the standard undergraduate curriculum, is
required. Advanced topics in relativity, such as causal structures, the
Raychaudhuri equation, and the energy conditions are presented in
detail. Once the required background is covered, concepts related to
faster-than-light travel and time travel are discussed. After
introducing tachyons in special relativity as a warm-up, exotic
spacetime geometries in general relativity such as warp drives and
wormholes are discussed and analyzed, including their limitations. Time
travel paradoxes are also discussed in detail, including some of their
proposed resolutions.
ANALISIS PROFIL KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SAINS SISWA SMP/MTs DI KABUPATEN PATI
Authors: Hidayah Nurul , Rusilowati Ani , Masturi M
Published: October 2019

The aims of this study to describe the science literacy profile of junior high school students in science learning. The research sample is the students of class IX junior high school in Pati. The research using this descriptive method, data were collected by using science literacy test questions, questionnaires, and interview formats. The results showed that the average achievement of student science literacy as a whole was 28,31%. Ability to explain scientific phenomena of 28.64%, students 'ability in evaluating and designing scientific investigation of 24.48% and students' ability in interpreting data and scientific evidence of 31.81%. This shows that the mean percentage of science literacy on three science literacy capacities measured shows 50%. The low one of the literacy skills of science will affect the ability of other science literacy. Based on the questionnaire analysis used in the research reveals factors that affect the ability of science literacy students include interest in science, learning motivation, teacher strategy in learning, and school facilities.
DESCRIÇÃO DAS RELAÇÕES SEMÂNTICAS PARA APLICAÇÃO EM KOS: USO DO TESAURO SEMÂNTICO APLICADO (THESA)
Authors: Gabriel Junior Rene Faustino , Laipelt Rita do Carmo Ferreira
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo desenvolver um modelo de Metacategorias semânticas para aplicação em SKOS. Busca especificamente identificar tipologias de relações semânticas classificadas como relações associativas para aplicação no software Thesa - Tesauro Semântico Aplicado. No contexto atual, a interface de pesquisa de Sistemas de Recuperação da Informação (SRI), com suas diferentes possibilidades de busca, exercem um papel intermediário entre o usuário e o acervo documental de uma instituição. Assim, é necessário que esses sistemas sejam pensados de forma a facilitar a recuperação da informação pelos usuários. Uma das formas de fazer isso é investir no aperfeiçoamento das relações semânticas dos Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento (SOCs). A inserção das metacategorias semânticas identificadas possibilitam a observação e descrição do funcionamento das mesmas em diferentes domínios do conhecimento como: Biologia vegetal, Eletromagnetismo, Comunicação Científica e Literatura. A consolidação dos resultados desta pesquisa possibilitará o desenvolvimento de tesauros semanticamente fortalecidos, numa transposição natural entre a teoria e a prática. Dos futuros resultados do uso do Thesa, está a possibilidade de estabelecer dicionários de sinônimos entre diversos domínios e temas, bem como gerar inferências com bases em outros tesauros, facilitando a operacionalização de seus gestores, com o uso de Inteligência Artificial.
OS CÓDIGOS DE ÉTICA EMPRESARIAIS SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE COERÊNCIA E COESÃO: UM ESTUDO À LUZ DA LEI SARBANES-OXLEY
Authors: Serpa Castor Emiliano Carlos , De Gouvêa Dantas Motta Ana Carolina , Rosa da Silva Adriano , Melquiades Vianello Juliano
Published: October 2019

Valor ou premissa de uma organização, a ética empresarial vem para assegurar tanto a sobrevivência como a reputação de uma empresa, seja ela pública ou privada. E, como é de se supor, os seus bons resultados. Por meio desta perspectiva, busca-se, neste artigo, estudar os códigos de ética sob o ponto de vista de coerência e de coesão, à luz do termo accountability, tendo como referência de partida a Lei Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX). Assim, a forma moralmente correta com que as empresas interagem com o seu meio envolvente revela-se o fio condutor deste trabalho, particularizado nas cinco empresas brasileiras com os melhores desempenhos na Bolsa de Valores de Nova Iorque (NYSE), no recorte temporal entre janeiro e julho de 2016.
UM PAÍS SEM MEMÓRIA?: O PERIGO PARA OS FUTUROS PESQUISADORES COM A NÃO CUSTÓDIA DAS INFORMAÇÕES DAS REDES SOCIAIS VIRTUAIS DO GOVERNO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Silva Eliezer Pires da , Pereira Diogo Baptista
Published: October 2019

Este artigo vem provocar o debate da necessidade de se pensar uma política pública voltada para a preservação do conteúdo postado online pelos órgãos federais nas redes sociais virtuais e apresentar que riscos podem ocasionar para o futuro pesquisador, tendo em vista o crescente uso por parte do governo brasileiro.
Van İlindeki Otellerin Engelli Bireylere Uygunluğunu Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: Meriç Sağbetullah , Işık Hamit
Published: October 2019

Engelli bireylerin hayatın her
alanında etkili bir şekilde yer almaları için birçok faaliyet yapılmaktadır. Bu
bağlamda sosyalleşmenin en etkili olduğu turizm hareketliliğine engelli
bireylerin de sorunsuz bir şekilde katılabilmeleri için konaklama
işletmelerinde de birçok çalışma yapılmaktadır. Konaklama işletmeleri, herhangi
bir engeli olmayan kişilerin kullandığı mekanlar olmakla beraber, sosyal
çevrede aslında hiç de küçümsenmeyecek kadar yaşamda yer alan engelli
bireylerin iş ve tatil seyahatleri için kullandıkları mekanlardır. Ancak çoğu
konaklama işletmelerinde kullanılan bu mekanlar engelli ve davranış kısıtlılığı
yaşayan bireyler için yapısal olarak uygun özeliklere sahip değildir. Bu
sebepten dolayı engelli bireyler bu mekanlarda birçok zorlukla
karşılaşmaktadırlar. Engelli bireylerin karşılaştıkları zorlukların
çözümlenebilmesi için mekanların engelli bireylerin kullanımına elverişli
olarak tasarlanması ve özelliklerin devamlı geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Araştırmanın amacı, Van ilinde yer alan 4 yıldızlı ve 5 yıldızlı konaklama
işletmelerinde engellilerin kullandıkları alanların uygunluğu ve eksiklerin
belirlenmesi ve engelli bireylerin karşılaşabileceği sorunlara çözüm önerileri
geliştirmektir. Araştırma sonucunda yöneticilerin engellilere yönelik
algılarının genellikle olumlu olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Engellilere yönelik
fiziksel altyapıda ciddi eksiklikler olduğu araştırmada elde edilen bir diğer
sonuçtur.
Electrochemical Nano-biosensors as Novel Approach for the Detection of Lung Cancer-related MicroRNAs
Authors: Sheervalilou Roghayeh , Shahraki Omolbanin , Hasanifard Leili , Shirvaliloo Milad , Mehranfar Sahar , Lotfi Hajie , Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Younes , Bahmanpour Zahra , Zadeh Sadaf Sarraf , Nazarlou Ziba , Kangarlou Haleh , Ghaznavi Habib , Zarghami Nosratollah
Published: October 2019

In both men and women around the world, lung cancer accounts as the
principal cause of cancer-related death after breast cancer. Therefore, early detection of
the disease is a cardinal step in improving prognosis and survival of patients. Today, the
newly-defined microRNAs regulate about 30 to 60 percent of the gene expression.
Changes in microRNA Profiles are linked to numerous health conditions, making them
sophisticated biomarkers for timely, if not early, detection of cancer. Though evaluation
of microRNAs in real samples has proved to be rather challenging, which is largely
attributable to the unique characteristics of these molecules. Short length, sequence
similarity, and low concentration stand among the factors that define microRNAs.
Recently, diagnostic technologies with a focus on wide-scale point of care have recently
garnered attention as great candidates for early diagnosis of cancer. Electrochemical
nano-biosensors have recently garnered much attention as a molecular method,
showing great potential in terms of sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, and last but
not least, adaptability to point-of-care testing. Application of nanoscale materials in
electrochemical devices as promising as it is, brings multiplexing potential for conducting
simultaneous evaluations on multiple cancer biomarkers. Thanks to their enthralling
properties, these materials can be used to improve the efficiency of cancer diagnostics,
offer more accurate predictions of prognosis, and monitor response to therapy in a more
efficacious way. This article presents a concise overview of recent advances in the
expeditiously evolving area of electrochemical biosensors for microRNA detection in
lung cancer.
Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir versus Daclatasvir/Sofosbuvir for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 4 Patients
Authors: Abdelaty Lamiaa N. , Elnaggar Ahmed A. , Said Amira A. , Hussein Raghda R.S.
Published: October 2019

Background:

Chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) is a common progressive healthcare challenge
that leads to liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The optimum therapy was
a combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin, which was associated with moderate response
and severe side effects. Sofosbuvir revolutionized CHC treatment, especially in combination with
other antiviral agents.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir/
daclatasvir versus sofosbuvir/ledipasvir for the treatment of non-cirrhotic naïve patients with
chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) genotype 4 infection for 12 weeks.

Method:

One hundred CHC genotype 4 patients (70 females, 30 males) were recruited from the
hepatology clinic at the Beni-Suef general hospital. Patients were randomly allocated into two
groups that received a 12 weeks treatment of either sofosbuvir 400 mg/daclatasvir 60 mg or sofosbuvir
400 mg/ledipasvir 90 mg. The sustained virological response 12 weeks post-treatment
(SVR12) (HCV RNA < Lower Limit of Quantification (LLOQ)) was determined to evaluate efficacy.
The clinical laboratory tests and any reported adverse effects starting from the administration
of the first dose till 30 days after the last dose were assessed to evaluate safety.
The main outcome measure was the assessment of the safety, efficacy and compliance of sofosbuvir/
daclatasvir versus sofosbuvir/ledipasvir for the treatment of non-cirrhotic naïve CHC genotype
4 patients for 12 weeks.

:

The main outcome measure was the assessment of the safety, efficacy and compliance of sofosbuvir/
daclatasvir versus sofosbuvir/ledipasvir for the treatment of non-cirrhotic naïve CHC genotype
4 patients for 12 weeks.

Results:

SVR12 was achieved by 98% and 96% of patients receiving sofosbuvir plus ledipasvir
and sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir, respectively. The most common adverse events reported were
headache, and fatigue. No patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events.

Conclusion:

The findings from this study suggest that the 12 weeks treatment regimens of sofosbuvir
plus daclatasvir and sofosbuvir plus ledipasvir were both efficacious and well-tolerated in
patients with HCV genotype 4 infection.

Impact on Practice:

In this paper, we report on the most recent approaches in the treatment of
Hepatitis C genotype 4 patients in Egypt. This is significant because this article focuses on comparing
the efficacy and tolerability of the most commonly used antiviral drugs in Egypt.
DUKUNGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN KEPEGAWAIAN TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN DI BKPP KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO
Authors: Muslikhah Riana Isti
Published: October 2019

Abstrak: Dukungan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kepegawaian terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan di BKPP Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) Mengetahui implementasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kepegawaian di BKPP Kabupaten Sukoharjo, (2) Mengetahui dukungan informasi yang dihasilkan oleh Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kepegawaian dalam pengambilan keputusan bidang kepegawaian di BKPP Kabupaten Sukoharjo, (3) Mengetahui kendala dalam implementasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kepegawaian di BKPP Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Dalam proses penerapan SIMPEG di BKPP Kabupaten Sukoharjo terdapat sub sistem pengumpulan data, sub sistem input data, sub sistem pengolahan data dan sub sistem output informasi, serta didukung oleh komponen-komponen pendukung yang terdiri dari hardware (perangkat keras), software (perangkat lunak), database, sumber daya jaringan dan brainware (SDM). (2) Informasi yang dihasilkan oleh SIMPEG di BKPP saat ini sudah mampu mendukung dalam pengambilan keputusan penempatan, mutasi dan pensiun pegawai, (3) Kendala yang dihadapi dalam penerapan SIMPEG di BKPP Kabupaten Sukoharjo yaitu: keterbatasan anggaran dan keterlambatan dalam input data. Kata kunci: Sistem, Informasi, Manajemen, Keputusan, Kepegawaian Abstract: Human Resources Management Information System Support for Decision Making in BKPP Sukoharjo Regency. The purposes of this study were (1) to know the Implementation Human Resources Management Information Systems in BKPP  of Sukoharjo Regency, (2) know the support information generated by Implementation Human Resources Management Information Systems in BKPP of Sukoharjo Regency in the field of staffing decisions. (3) know the obstacles in the Implementation Human Resources Management Information Systems in BKPP of Sukoharjo Regency. This study used qualitative research methods. The results showed that (1) In the Implementation Human Resources Management Information Systems in BKPP of Sukoharjo Regency there are sub data collection systems, sub system of data input, data processing sub-systems and sub systems output information, and supported by supporting parts consisting of hardware, software, databases, netware and brainware (2) The information generated by Human Resources Management Information Systems at BKPP of Sukoharjo Regency are now able to support decision making in placement, transfer and retirement of employees, but not fully support in the implementation of management staffing in the BKPP of Sukoharjo Regency. (3) The obstacle that is encountered in implementation of the Human Resources  Management Information Systems in BKPP of Sukoharjo Regency are : limited budget and delays in data input. Keyword: System, Information, Management, Decision Making, Human Resources
YUVAL NOAH HARARI’S VIEW ON THE CHALLENGES OF 21st CENTURY EDUCATION
Authors: Agung Jiva
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTOne of the aims of formal education is to enable people to live or to work accordingly to the needs of their era. Unfortunately, instead of being used as a tool of living, nowadays learning (particularly History Education) at schools still focuses on memorizing and is far from productive let alone progressive. Yuval Noah Harari, a professor in the History Department of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, whose trilogy books describe maps out challenges, problems, as well as recommendations for education in the 21st Century so that people of the Century could live their lives properly. This research is a critical review of Yuval Noah Harari’s thoughts about the challenges of 21st Century education. Three monumental Harari’s works (Sapiens, Homo Deus, 21st Lessons) were examined and critically compared with other relevant works. This paper concludes that there are three ways to resolve the problem of education in the 21st Century. First, by relating three periods (past, present, future); secondly, encouraging governments to make positive policies on the three most important issues (nuclear war, environmental crisis, and the disruption of information and technology); and thirdly, inviting the world to participate in solving global problems.Keywords: The 21st Century, Education, Challenges
DECENTRALISATIE WET VAN NEDERLAND INDIES 1903
Authors: Hestiliani Teti
Published: October 2019

AbstractAt the end of the 19th century there was a change in the system of government in the Dutch East Indies, before a central system was implemented in which all activities were regulated by the central government in Batavia. Then this becomes increasingly complex when various affairs in the region must become central business. The change in the system of government in the Indies was then noticed by various figures in the Dutch parliament and government officials in the Dutch East Indies. This change in the system of government was also an effort to improve the standard of living in the Indies which was considered no longer a wingewest area. then in 1901 through his speech Ratu Wilhelmina conveyed that there must be a change in the system of government in the Indies. Then in 1903 a decentralization law was issued as the basis for regional autonomy in the Dutch EastIndies.  Keywords: Decentralization, Dutch East Indies, City
Applying an Author-Weighted Scheme to Identify the Most Influential Countries in Research Achievements on Skin Cancer: Observational Study
Authors: Chien Tsair-Wei , Wang Hsien-Yi , Lai Feng-Jie
Published: October 2019

Background

Skin cancers are caused by the development of abnormal cells that can invade or spread to other parts of the body. The countries whose authors contribute the most amount of articles on skin cancer to academia is still unknown.

Objective

The objectives of this study are to apply an author-weighted scheme (AWS) to quantify the credits for coauthors on an article byline and allocate the author weights to the country-level credits in articles.

Methods

On July 20, 2019, we obtained 16,804 abstracts published since 1938, based on a keyword search of “skin cancer” in PubMed. The author names, countries/areas, and journals were recorded. International author collaborations on skin cancer were analyzed based on country-level credits in articles. We aimed to do the following: (1) present country distribution for the first authors and the most popular journals, (2) show choropleth maps to highlight the most influential countries, and (3) draw scatter plots based on the Kano model to characterize the features of country-level research achievements. We programmed Excel Visual Basic for Applications (Microsoft Corp) routines to extract data from PubMed. Google Maps was used to display graphical representations.

Results

Our results suggest that researchers in the United States have published most frequently, accounting for 30.37% (5103), while Germany accounts for 7.34% (1234), followed by Australia (997, 5.93%). The top three continents for the proportion of published articles are North America, Europe, and Asia, accounting for 32.29%, 31.71%, and 10.41%, respectively.

Conclusions

This study offers an objective picture of the representativeness and evolution of international research on the topic of skin cancer. The research approaches used here have the potential to be applied to other areas besides skin cancer.
Web-Based Interventions for Dietary Behavior in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)
Authors: Dening Jedha , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , George Elena , Maddison Ralph
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is among the most prevalent noncommunicable health conditions worldwide, affecting over 500 million people globally. Diet is a key aspect of T2DM management with dietary modification shown to elicit clinically meaningful outcomes such as improved glycemic control, and reductions in weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Web-based interventions provide a potentially convenient and accessible method for delivering dietary education, but its effects on dietary behavior in people with T2DM are unknown.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this review was to determine the effectiveness of web-based interventions on dietary behavior change and glycemic control in people with T2DM.

METHODS

Per PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, systematic literature searches were performed using Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and CINAHL to retrieve papers from January 2013 to May 2019. Randomized controlled trials of web-based interventions in adults with T2DM with reported dietary assessment were included. Population and intervention characteristics, dietary guidelines and assessments, and significant clinical outcomes were extracted. Differences between groups and within groups were assessed for dietary behavior and clinical outcomes.

RESULTS

There were 714 records screened, and five studies comprising 1056 adults were included. Studies measured dietary changes by assessing overall diet quality, changes in specific dietary components, or dietary knowledge scores. Significant improvements in dietary behavior were reported in four out of the five studies, representing healthier food choices, improvements in eating habits, reductions in carbohydrates, added sugar, sodium, saturated fat and overall fat intake, and/or increases in dietary knowledge. Three studies found significant mean reductions for hemoglobin A1c ranging from –0.3% to –0.8%, and/or weight ranging from –2.3 kg to –12.7 kg, fasting blood glucose (–1 mmol/L), waist circumference (–1 cm), and triglycerides (–60.1 mg/dL). These studies provided varied dietary recommendations from standard dietary guidelines, national health program guidelines, and a very low carbohydrate ketogenic diet.

CONCLUSIONS

This review provided evidence that web-based interventions may be an effective way to support dietary behavior change in people with T2DM, potentially leading to changes in glycemic control and other clinical outcomes. However, the evidence should be viewed as preliminary as there were only five studies included with considerable heterogeneity in terms of the diets recommended, the dietary assessment measures used, the complexity of the interventions, and the modes and methods of delivery.

CLINICALTRIAL
Mapping eHealth Education: Review of eHealth Content in Health and Medical Degrees at a Metropolitan Tertiary Institute in Australia (Preprint)
Authors: Keep Melanie , Janssen Anna , McGregor Deborah , Brunner Melissa , Baysari Melissa Therese , Quinn Deleana , Shaw Tim
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

With the increasing use of digital technology in society, there is a greater need for health professionals to engage in eHealth-enabled clinical practice. For this, higher education institutions need to suitably prepare graduates of health professional degrees with the capabilities required to practice in eHealth contexts.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to understand how eHealth is taught at a major Australian university and the challenges and suggestions for integrating eHealth into allied health, nursing, and medical university curricula.

METHODS

Cross-disciplinary subject unit outlines (N=77) were reviewed for eHealth-related content, and interviews and focus groups were conducted with the corresponding subject unit coordinators (n=26). Content analysis was used to identify themes around challenges and opportunities for embedding eHealth in teaching.

RESULTS

There was no evidence of a standardized approach to eHealth teaching across any of the health degrees at the university. Where eHealth content existed, it tended to focus on clinical applications rather than systems and policies, data analysis and knowledge creation, or system and technology implementation. Despite identifying numerous challenges to embedding eHealth in their subjects, unit coordinators expressed enthusiasm for eHealth teaching and were keen to adjust content and learning activities.

CONCLUSIONS

Explicit strategies are required to address how eHealth capabilities can be embedded across clinical health degrees. Unit coordinators require support, including access to relevant information, teaching resources, and curriculum mapping, which clearly articulates eHealth capabilities for students across their degrees. Degree-wide conversations and collaboration are required between professional bodes, clinical practice, and universities to overcome the practical and perceived challenges of integrating eHealth in health curricula.
INFLUENCE OF BINDING SOLUTION CONCENTRATION, DRYING DURATION AND DRYING TEMPERATURE ON PHYSIOCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE OF NORFLOXACIN GRANULES AND TABLETS
Authors: OSMAN ZUHAEIR , ADAM NEMAT S. , HASSAN HASSAN A. , O. NUR ABUBAKR
Published: October 2019

Objective: To investigate the possible individual and joined influences that binding solution concentration, drying temperature and drying duration might have on the physiochemical attributes of granules and tablets using norfloxacin as a model drug.

Methods: According to implemented 23 central composite designs, each of the investigated variables were examined at 5 different levels through different 16 formulation runs. For each formulation, obtained granules were qualified for their bulk density, tap density, Hausner ratio, percent of fine and drug content properties whereas the respective tablets were evaluated for their weight variation, drug content, friability, hardness, disintegration, and drug dissolution attributes.

Results: Indicated that concentration of binder solution, as compared to drying temperature and drying duration, measured more profound influences on granules' tap density, Hausner ratio, % fine and drug content either through its individual linear and quadratic effects or through its joint effect with drying durations (p<0.05 at 95% CI for all influences). Whilst tablets' friability appeared to be noticeably influenced by the three investigated variables (P ranged 0.001-0.017 at 95% CI), tablets' hardness and disintegration were found to be considerably affected only by binder solution concentration (p = 0.001 and 0.082 at 95% CI, respectively). Moreover, none of the investigated variables has measured a significant influence on tablets' drug content or drug dissolution properties.

Conclusion: The study concluded that quadratic and joint influences of variables on attributes of granule and tablet formulations shouldn't be overlooked and better to be considered in the screening design.
La justiciabilidad de los derechos sociales. Altibajos de su interpretación constitucional en México
Authors: Paz González Isaac de , Macías Sandoval María del Refugio
Published: October 2019

Los derechos sociales son reconocidos por la doctrina global contemporánea por su autonomía y justiciabilidad directa. No obstante, a la luz de diversos fallos en cortes regionales y nacionales, los efectos positivos de su judicialización no son del todo convincentes. En el sistema constitucional mexicano se está construyendo una demosprudencia sobre derechos sociales incoada por sectores marginados. Para lograrlo, la jurisdicción mexicana se guía por el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos y de las tendencias regionales en la materia. Con este marco de trabajo, el artículo subraya que la jurisprudencia mexicana de derechos sociales tiene avances y retrocesos, pues existen líneas decisorias que favorecen su progresividad y otras que denotan un sistema de interpretación ambiguo y restrictivo.
¿Incrementar la edad legal de jubilación y extender la trayectoria laboral? Apuntes para la discusión sobre empleo en personas mayores en Chile
Authors: Madero-Cabib Ignacio , Palomo Vélez Rodrigo , Jofré Bustos María Soledad
Published: October 2019

Basados en evidencia empírica nacional e internacional, en el presente artículo planteamos una discusión sobre diferentes dimensiones involucradas en las políticas que buscan incentivar el empleo en personas mayores y aplazar la transición a la jubilación en Chile. En concreto en primer lugar discutimos la actual participación laboral de hombres y mujeres mayores, sus condiciones laborales, y las trayectorias laborales y de cotización a las pensiones de las personas que hoy están próximas a jubilar. En segundo término, nos referimos a la manera en que se ha abordado la extensión de las carreras laborales y el incremento de la edad legal de jubilación en diferentes países. En tercer lugar, discutimos los principales desafíos de salud que actualmente enfrentan las personas mayores en Chile. En cuarto lugar, nos referimos al contexto cultural vinculado al envejecimiento poblacional en este país. Luego de esto, en la conclusión, resumimos los aspectos discutidos y proponemos posibles orientaciones que, desde nuestro punto de vista, debería tener una política pública que busque incentivar la postergación de la jubilación.
El sistema general de seguridad social en salud de Colombia. Universal, pero ineficiente: a propósito de los veinticinco años de su creación
Authors: Mendieta González David , Jaramillo Carmen Elena
Published: October 2019

Según la Constitución colombiana, en su artículo 49, los principios de la seguridad social son la eficiencia, la universalidad y la solidaridad. En 1993, el Congreso de la República expidió la ley 100, que es la base para la prestación de este derecho en general y la salud en particular. En vienticinco años se logró que todos los colombinos fueran cubiertos por el sistema, pero son muchas las voces que denuncian su crisis. Haciendo uso de una metodología descriptivo-analítica, se pudo concluir que hemos alcanzado la universalidad, pero tenemos un sistema ineficiente. Las fuentes utilizadas para apoyar el trabajo son normas jurídicas, doctrina y jurisprudencia.
El aprendizaje-servicio como eje articulador de procesos de desarrollo personal-estudiantil y social en el estudiantado universitario
Authors: Mayor Paredes Domingo
Published: October 2019

Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación centrada en el análisis de la influencia que tienen las prácticas de aprendizaje-servicio en el desarrollo de competencias personales-estudiantiles y sociales del estudiantado universitario, así como las razones por las cuales se involucraron en un proyecto de aprendizaje-servicio. El estudio tomó como eje de indagación dicho proyecto, desarrollado por discentes universitarios en una residencia de estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria. Se utilizó el estudio de caso como metodología de la investigación y el análisis de documentos, observación y entrevistas como estrategias de recogida de información. Los resultados alcanzados permiten constatar el carácter incremental de las competencias, las razones de diversa naturaleza que sostienen las personas implicadas y los efectos producidos en la adquisición y desarrollo de competencias personal-estudiantil y social. A partir de los hallazgos obtenidos se concluye que el aprendizaje-servicio conforma un escenario pedagógico pertinente para la adquisición y desarrollo de competencias.
La importancia del análisis del contexto en el diseño de un programa educativo basado en el uso de ecotecnias
Authors: Buendía Oliva Mariana , Algara-Siller Marcos , Cubillas-Tejeda Ana Cristina , Domínguez-Cortinas Gabriela
Published: October 2019

Este trabajo analiza el contexto de una escuela primaria pública ubicada en una zona de alta marginación en México que ha sido beneficiada con la construcción de ecotecnias; y presenta una propuesta educativa formal que propicia una comprensión compleja de la realidad y correlaciona los contenidos de la dimensión ambiental y de sustentabilidad (AyS) de los libros de texto. La investigación siguió un enfoque cualitativo mediante grupos focales, entrevistas y cuestionarios. Para los maestros y directivos se analizó el nivel de conocimientos y el grado de incorporación de la dimensión ambiental y de sustentabilidad (AyS) en el currículo. Con los niños se utilizó el dibujo y se aplicó un cuestionario diagnóstico de conocimientos y percepciones sobre temas de AyS. Los resultados se utilizaron para diseñar una propuesta educativa acorde a las necesidades de la escuela, orientada a la apropiación y el aprovechamiento de ecotecnias.