bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Superior Gluteal Nerve Anatomy and Its Injuries: Aiming for a More Secure Surgical Approach of the Pelvic Region
Authors: Pinho André R. , Leite Maria J. , Lixa João , Silva Miguel R. , Vieira Paula , Nery-Monterroso João , Bezerra Mariana C. , Alves Hélio , Madeira M. Dulce , Pereira Pedro A.
Published: June 2023

Because most of the recognized causes of superior gluteal nerve (SGN) injury are iatrogenic, detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the SGN is crucial to prevent its injury associated with surgical procedures. This study aims to describe the precise location of SGN or its branches at the greater sciatic foramen, measure the distances of these nervous structures to palpable bony landmarks, and evaluate the possible correlation between these parameters and pelvis size. Twenty human cadaveric hemipelvises were studied. After dissection to expose the SGN or its branches at the greater sciatic foramen, the distances from these nervous structures to the greater trochanter (GT), to the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), to the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS), to the ischial tuberosity (IT), and to the greater sciatic notch were measured. We found that at the greater sciatic foramen the SGN emerges as a common trunk in 75% of hemipelvises, and already divided in its superior and inferior branches in 25% of hemipelvises. When the SGN exits the pelvis as a common trunk, it does so, in most cases, in contact with the bone at the apex of the greater sciatic notch or superior to it. The median distance from the SGN at the greater sciatic notch to the PSIS, ASIS, GT and IT is 7.6 cm, 10.9 cm, 7.5 cm and 10.8 cm, respectively. We found a positive correlation between some of the analyzed parameters and the size of the pelvis. The anatomical data of this study may serve as pivotal guides during orthopedic pelvic surgery, contributing to minimize SNG iatrogenic lesions with significant implications in the patient's quality of life.
Anomaly Detection and Localization Using LSTM Based Autoencoder with Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform for Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Rizvi Syed Haider Mehdi , Abbas Muntazir , Tayyab Syed Muhammad Tayyab
Published: June 2023

Lamb wave-based structural health monitoring is widely acknowledged as a reliable 11 method for damage identification, classification, localization and quantification. However, due to 12 the complexity of Lamb wave signals, especially after interacting with structural components and 13 defects, interpreting these waves and extracting useful information about the structure's health is 14 still a major challenge. However, deep learning-based strategy offers a great opportunity to address 15 such challenges as the algorithm can operate directly on raw discrete time-domain signals. Unlike 16 traditional methods, which often require careful feature engineering and preprocessing, deep learn-17 ing can automatically extract relevant features from the raw data. This paper proposes an autoen-18 coder based on a bidirectional long short-term memory network with maximal overlap discrete 19 wavelet transform layer to detect the signal anomaly and determine the location of the damage in 20 the composite structure. This approach has the potential to greatly enhance our ability to detect and 21 locate structural damage in composite structures, thereby increasing safety and efficiency.
Review on: Suitable Forest Management Innovations for Enhancing Forest Productivity without Compromising Growing Stock and Subsidiary Ecosystem Services
Authors: Wola Aklilu Wodebo , Maru Kassahun
Published: June 2023

Forest ecosystems provide diverse services and values that contribute to human well-being. Although high proportion of species is still undiscovered, tropical forests alone are thought to host more than 50% of the world’s biodiversity. Beyond supporting via direct use of products like timber, fiber and biomass energy, they play an important role in providing a wide range of ecosystem services such as regulating water flow and quality, water purification, improving infiltration, fresh water, erosion control, carbon sequestration and sedimentation control. They are one of the important parts of terrestrial and the largest carbon pool, occupying an integral position in the global carbon cycle. However, these days, deterioration of nature and forest biodiversity is a severe danger to the global environment. This will be accompanied by increased strains on food supply, causing increased pressure on already delicate ecological systems. Thus, better forest management strategies are necessary for managing forests sustainably. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the existing forest management approaches and their associated benefits and challenges. Multidisciplinary approaches are needed to achieve sustainable management of forests. These can be accomplished if suitable forest management innovations are put in place. Various technologies can also be adopted through applying different forest assessment tools like remote sensing using light detection and ranging technology (LiDAR) in forest management. Harnessing such technologies will definitely result in providing increased socio-economy as well as improved environmental sustainability. However, the speed of transformation depends much on level of commitment of stakeholders including policy makers. As a result, this review is intended to explore existing forest management innovations which are suitable both ecologically as well as socio-economically. This shows that while there is a lot to be improved, there are already developed forest management innovations that are already in use including PFM and MFM, which helps to achieve SFM. Key words: Sustainable, forests, management, innovations, participatory, growing stock,
An Integrated Multi-OMICS Approach Highlights Elevated Non-esterified Fatty Acids Impact BeWo Trophoblast Metabolism and Lipid Processing
Authors: Easton Zachary JW , Sarr Ousseynou , Zhao Lin , Buzatto Adriana Z , Luo Xian , Zhao Shuang , Li Liang , Regnault Timothy RH
Published: June 2023

Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are linked with impaired placental function and early onset of non-communicable cardiometabolic diseases in offspring. Previous studies have highlighted that the dietary non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), palmitate (PA) and oleate (OA), key dietary metabolites associated with maternal obesity and GDM, are potential modulators of placental lipid processing. Using the BeWo cell line model, the current study integrated transcriptomic (mRNA microarray), metabolomic, and lipidomic readouts to characterize the underlying impacts of exogenous PA and OA on placental villous trophoblast cell metabolism. Targeted gas chromatography and thin layer chromatography highlighted that saturated and monounsaturated NEFAs differentially impact BeWo cell lipid profiles. Furthermore, cellular lipid profiles differed when exposed to single and multiple NEFA species. Additional multi-omic analyses suggested that PA exposure is associated with enrichment in β-oxidation pathways, while OA exposure is associated with enrichment in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. Overall, this study further demonstrated that dietary PA and OA are important regulators of placental lipid metabolism. Encouraging appropriate dietary advise and implementing dietary interventions that maintain appropriate placental function by limiting excessive exposure to saturated NEFAs such as PA, will continue to be crucial in the clinical management of at-risk obese and GDM pregnancies.
Managing Water for Environmental Provision and Horticultural Production in South Australia’s Riverland
Authors: Robinson Guy Martin , Song Bingjie
Published: June 2023

Management of Australia’s largest river system, the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) is controversial, addressing conflicting demands from stakeholders, including irrigators, the agriculture industry, indigenous groups, and the environmental lobby. Oversight is concentrated in a single agency, the MDB Authority, but climate change and the water market have contributed to uncertainty over the Basin’s environmental sustainability. This paper reports on preliminary research in South Australia’s Riverland, one of Australia’s most important wine, citrus, nuts, and stone fruit production areas. It focuses on the Renmark Irrigation Trust (RIT), supplying water to irrigators, primarily horticulturalists. It investigates the chief risks perceived and future-plans in face of concerns over variable water flows and economic uncertainty. Using sequential mixed methods, a questionnaire survey supplied information from a sample of irrigators, covering land use, on-farm environmental actions, risks, decision making, recent and proposed changes to farm management, and attitudes to the MDB Plan and the water market. Focus groups and interviews then enabled key topics to be addressed in greater depth. The RIT’s contribution to river restoration is highlighted, with its plans for additional on-farm water stewardship investigated. There are high levels of uncertainty regarding future viability of smallholdings, including unintended consequences from the water market (e.g., increasing areas under water hungry almonds), the role of water brokers, and environmental viability of the river system linked to climate change. More optimistic voices point to increased diversity of production, resilience of the local horticultural industry, and new entrants in the form of hobby and part-time producers.
Detection of Diabetic through Micro Array Genes with enhancement of Classifiers Performance
Authors: Chellappan Dinesh , Rajaguru Harikumar
Published: June 2023

Diabetes becomes a life threatening non-communicable disease in the world, according to International Diabetic Federation (IDF) in 2023, an estimated 537 million adults (20-79 years) are living with diabetes, which is equivalent to 9.3% of the global adult population. This number is predicted to rise to 643 million by 2030 and 783 million by 2045. Over 3 in 4 adults with diabetes live in low- and middle-income countries. Diabetes is a persistent metabolic condition marked by increased levels of glucose in the bloodstream. It is a significant global health concern, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. It having the symptoms of drowsiness for the whole day if not properly examined or treated well. It is targeted to spread over the younger age community and the number is growing in the exponential fashion. Even day to day many advancements have come from the researcher to diagnose, to find solutions to prevent from newer entry. Authors have taken a dataset with 57 non diabetic and 20 diabetic patients with the total 28735 micro array gene to undergone pre-processing process and reduced up to 22960 gene data using Dimensionality Reduction (DR) such as Detrend Fluctuation Analysis (DFA), Chi square probability density function (Chi2PDF), Firefly algorithm Cuckoo search were used in this research. Meta heuristic algorithms like Particle swarm Optimization (PSO) and Harmonic Search (HS) are used for feature selection. Further seven classification techniques such as Non-Linear Regression (NLR), Linear Regression (LR), Logistics Regression (LoR), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Bayesian Linear Discriminant Classifier (BLDC), Softmax Discriminant Classifier (SDC), Support Vector Machine – Radial Basis Function (SVM-RBF) are using to make a decision, predictive analysis and segregate the data according to the level of blood glucose as Diabetic Patient (DP) and Non-Diabetic Patient (NDP).
MANUAL DEL SISTEMA DE SEGUROS SOCIALES ESTABLECIDOS EN LA LEY DEL SEGURO SOCIAL
Authors: FELIX DIARTE MIRIAM LIZBETH
Published: June 2023

La reseña bibliografica realizada a la obra de referencia, permite establecer de manera sencilla la metodologia utilizada por la autora para analizar y definir de manera concreta los topicos sustantivos que corresponden a los diversos seguros que integran el régimen obligatorio contenido en la Ley del Seguro Social vigente en nuestro sistema juridico mexicano, identificando claramente por cada uno de ellos, los requisitos de acceso, prestaciones en dinero y en especie, montos de indemnizaciones o subsidios, bien tutelado y el número de semanas de cotización necesarias en algunos supuestos. Además la obra en mención se ve complementada con las últimas reformas realizadas a Ley del Seguro Social, aspecto que la distingue como una obra de estudio y análisis actualizado, aspectos que permiten atribuirle caracter de herramienta de soporte que facilita el estudio de la seguridad social en nuestro país.
Excellent Long-Term Results of an Austin Moore Hemiarthroplasty After Half a Century
Authors: Teeuw Gideon , Brokelman Roy , Heuvel Judith olde , Fransen Bas
Published: June 2023

Case:

We present the unique case of a 73-year-old man who was treated 50 years ago with a hemiarthroplasty (HA) for avascular necrosis after a femoral neck fracture (FNF) of his left hip and who has developed only mild osteoarthritis since and has reported satisfactory clinical and functional outcomes with no acetabular erosion.

Conclusion:

HA for FNFs can provide durable long-term results and can, therefore, be considered as an option in the treatment of FNFs in younger patients. We describe a case with good results after 50 years, which, to our knowledge, is the longest reported follow-up of HA.
Pandemia e memória discursiva da violência de Estado. Apontamentos sobre a demanda de verdade e de responsabilização
Authors: Fanjul Adrian Pablo
Published: June 2023

Desde 2020, circulam, no Brasil, exigências de responsabilização do poder estatal, fundamentalmente do governo federal, pelas vítimas da pandemia de COVID-19. Em muitos casos, se trata de familiares de vítimas que já ganharam expressão orgânica em pelo menos uma associação de alcance nacional. Neste artigo, no quadro teórico-metodológico da análise materialista do discurso, partimos da hipótese de que as formulações de exigência de responsabilização do poder público pelos alcances letais da pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil são atravessadas por uma memória discursiva de lutas anteriores por justiça contra agentes da violência de Estado na América Latina. Nosso objetivo é identificar traços dessa relação interdiscursiva em depoimentos de familiares organizados e em manifestações públicas de outros agrupamentos. Os resultados que aqui exporemos mostram, na regularização em andamento dessas novas vozes e demandas, efeitos de paráfrase em relação aos movimentos sociais deflagrados por ciclos anteriores de violência de Estado, fundamentalmente de familiares de desaparecidos por razões políticas. Identificamos esses efeitos em três planos: nas modalizações no metadiscurso que sinaliza a passagem da voz do familiar do espaço íntimo para o espaço público; na reivindicação para si de um lugar autônomo e na demanda de “verdade” entendida como revelação pública daquilo que o Estado ocultou.Palavras-chave: Memória discursiva. Familiares de vítimas da COVID-19. Movimentos de direitos humanos. Modalização no discurso.
A importância da (re)escrita orientada para a apropriação da escrita acadêmica na universidade
Authors: Oliveira Silva Sibely
Published: June 2023

A prática de reescrita é encarada, por boa parte dos estudantes universitários, como uma ação punitiva que denuncia as fragilidades encontradas em seus textos. É considerando esta realidade que este trabalho versa sobre a importância da (re)escrita orientada na universidade e objetiva descrever as implicações da reescrita textual na e para a apropriação da escrita acadêmica. O corpus examinado foi extraído dos dados textuais de uma pesquisa-ação desenvolvida em 2018, durante meu Doutorado, com a participação de um grupo de estudantes de diferentes períodos do Curso de Letras de uma universidade privada de Belo Horizonte. A discussão é fundamentada principalmente na perspectiva dialógica da língua/linguagem advinda dos postulados bakhtinianos, e, por esse viés, reconhece-se que a escrita não pode ser vista isolada dessas duas instâncias, nem pensada fora do seu processo de produção de sentido e das práticas sociais. Em linhas gerais, os resultados apontam que a (re)escrita orientada potencializa a apropriação da escrita acadêmica, promovendo deslocamentos que permitem ao escrevente, para além do aprimoramento de aspectos linguístico-discursivos e textuais do texto, construir uma identidade acadêmica a partir do (re)conhecimento de valores e princípios que permeiam as práticas de escrita na universidade, os quais as legitimam em diferentes campos do conhecimento.
Apresentação
Authors: Módolo Marcelo
Published: June 2023

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A rapid scoping review of self-initiated harm reduction strategies for ecstasy (MDMA) users in recreational settings
Authors: Edwards Deborah , Csontos Judit , Pascoe Michael J , Westwell Andrew , Gillen Elizabeth , Bennett Clare , Hannigan Ben , Carrier Judith , Harden Jane
Published: June 2023

Background:Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can occur due to ecstasy use, and the number of people dying due to drug-related deaths has increased in the past 10 years. Self-initiated harm reduction strategies could help prevent ADRs or decrease the incidence of life-threatening health consequences due to ecstasy use.Methods:A rapid scoping review was conducted using adapted JBI methodology. The objectives were to describe the strategies employed by ecstasy users to minimise harm, the sources of information they rely on, and to assess the content of user-oriented websites regarding detrimental effects and harm reduction practices. Five databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO, CENTRAL) were searched for English language records from database inception to August 2022. User-oriented websites were identified via the project’s stakeholder group and Google searches.Results:Twenty reports representing 19 studies (one RCT, nine quantitative descriptive studies and nine qualitative studies) were included. A wide variety of self-initiated harm reduction strategies were reported, including drug checking, dose control (including buying from trusted sources), seeking peer support (e.g., looking out for friends), hydration management and temperature regulation (e.g., monitoring water consumption, taking rest breaks, and avoiding alcohol), avoiding polydrug use, and pre- / post-loading. Information on ecstasy’s effects and/or harm reduction practices is obtained from a variety of sources including friends, nightclubs, drug leaflets, and user-oriented websites. Fourteen websites providing ecstasy-specific harm reduction information were also identified and quality assessed. However, only two webpages provided citations to the evidence used for the content.Conclusions:The provision and quality assessment of ecstasy harm reduction advice from various sources has been collectively analysed for the first time. We hope and anticipate that use of this rapid scoping review will facilitate more comprehensive, evidence-based harm reduction messaging, reducing the likelihood of future ADRs and life-threatening health consequences related to ecstasy use.
Role of Simulation in Italian Emergency Medicine training programs: data from a national survey
Authors: Cascio Michela , INGRASSIA Pier Luigi , ZACCARIA Gianpiero , MORMANDO Giulia
Published: June 2023

Background
Simulation is an educational tool widely used worldwide and simulation-based education is an important training strategy in Emergency Medicine (EM) training programs.
Objective
In the first part of the project SIMinMEU of CosMEU and SIMMED, an electronic survey open to the Italian EM residents’ representatives was created with the aim to assess their awareness about simulation in their programs.
Results
Out of 33 EM residencies, 30 representatives answered the survey. Only 15 schools offer simulation, with a median of 16,27 (range 0–46) annual simulation training, with 53% of representatives indicating that the time dedicated to it met their needs.
15 do skill lab activities (50 %), 14 do High fidelity simulation (46.66%), one does serious games (3,33%) and one does virtual reality (3,33%). In situ simulations aren’t provided.
Crisis resource management (CRM) and soft skills are topics covered in seven (23,3%). In 5 residencies (16,6%) there are certified facilitators. The annual exams aren’t carried out using simulation. Only in five (16,6%) residencies research in simulation is carried out.
Residents’ satisfaction for simulation activities is lower than good in 73% of cases.
Most residents stated lack of simulation standards and poor quality of simulation activities. The main requests are that simulation must be part of the teaching program, increased in number and better structured.
Conclusions
Considering the increasing interest of residents in simulation emerged by this survey, CoSMEU and SIMMED will commit to improving the quality, facilitating the spreading and guaranteeing the standardization of simulation in every EM Italian school.
Vertical textile epifluidics for integrated real-time electrochemical sweat analysis
Authors: Galliani Marina , Azizian Pooya , Makhinia Anatolii , Cabot Joan , Ismailova Esma
Published: June 2023

The non-invasive discovery of novel physiological biomarkers in sweat relies on its precise sampling and analysis. Here, we present a scalable fabrication approach of a wearable microfluidic system within fabric structures for an accurate and ergonomic sweat handling and sensing. Digital 3D printing of a flexible resin precisely defines impermeable microstructures in wicking textiles, only achievable by SLA technique. Regulated fluid collection, storage and transport, avoiding the complexity of traditional valves, is obtained by assembling 3D-printed textile-based modules in an origami-inspired vertical stack offering reduced device footprint, seamless and adhesive-free on-body sensing. The generation of pressure gradient across these microfluidic modules enables vertically distributed, capillary-driven and pre-programmed sweat flow. The tortuous flow characteristics of woven textile conduits based on the numerical fluid-dynamics simulation demonstrate the technological versatility to reproduce this controlled flow in different textile structures. The monolithic integration of textile microfluidics on garments provides unlimited, non-accumulative fluid flow through the extended air-liquid interface for its continuous flow and concomitant evaporation from the fabric surface. In-situ and in real-time sweat analysis with a remotely screen-printed flexible organic electrochemical transistor provides the possibility of various sensor integration and multi-parameter detections. The transistor successfully detects K+ ion concentrations using ion-selective membrane within the sweat physiological ionic range. This mechanically ergonomic, fabric-integrated microfluidic sensing platform, based on rapid additive manufacturing of polyhedral device configurations, offers unique strategies for device design and novel sensing perspectives for advancing wearable point-of-care diagnostics with personalized health monitoring capabilities.
COVID-19 patient experiences in pre-hospital pathways: a processual qualitative approach using the life-events calendar method highlights diagnostic delays and healthcare renunciation.
Authors: LUTAUD Romain , Mirouse Juliette , Borg Manon , Cattaneo Lucie , Constance Jean , Pradier Christian , Cortaredona Sebastien , Irit Touitou , Peretti-Watel Patrick , Million Matthieu , Brouqui Philippe , Carles Michel , Gentile Stephanie
Published: June 2023

Background
During the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, 11% of patients who were hospitalized in France were immediately admitted to intensive care. We aimed to identify and characterize the different types of primary care pathways of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 using patients’ self-reported experiences.
Method
We conducted a qualitative study using biographic interviews of patients who were hospitalized for COVID-19 between September 2020 and December 2021 in the infectious disease departments in Marseille and Nice. The biographical interviews used a life-events calendar approach to understand the sequences of clinical and care events prior to hospitalization.
Results
31 pathways were described. Short care pathways (i.e., admission to hospital ≤ 3 days after symptom onset) were more likely to be reported by older patients and those with comorbidities. These pathways were characterized by closer GP surveillance and by sudden symptom onset and rapid progression of the disease.
Long care pathways (i.e., >10 days after system onset) were reported more by younger patients with no comorbidities. Multiple tests and medical consultations returning false-negatives had led this population to doubt they had COVID-19. They were more likely to present severe symptoms requiring intensive care.
The study revealed key importance of patients’ loved ones in the process of their hospitalization.
Conclusion
This study highlights that primary care management of COVID-19 patients needing hospitalization in France was particularly slow and detrimental to their health. It also underlines the need to improve the identification and monitoring of patients at risk of complications.
Impacts of Negative Network Opinion on the Purchase Intention of Driverless Cars from the Perspective of Moderating Effects of Mindfulness Intervention
Authors: Li Laibin , Wang Zhong , Zhou Huaqing , Yu Chenxi , Li Xiaoxia
Published: June 2023

The popularization of social media has created a more complex network opinion environment, affecting people's consumption choices for emerging technical products. Compared to positive opinion, negative opinion has a more profound impact, and its impact mechanism has not yet reached consensus in the academia. As a concept of positive psychology and organizational behavior, mindfulness is manifested in the processing of information in the cognitive process, and it is considered to be the key to accept new technologies and experiences. Based on the Information Adoption Model and mindfulness intervention in the cognitive orientation process, this study explores the negative network opinion on driverless cars through empirical research method to analyze consumers' handling of negative information about emerging technical products and their purchase intention in the context of negative information. The research findings indicate that negative opinion does not always bring negative impacts. Under the stimulation of negative opinion, consumers will develop risk perception and activate defense mechanisms. Under the moderating effect of mindfulness, and defense by counter argument and source derogation, consumers will process the information rationally. This study provides a different perspective for exploring the impact mechanism of negative network opinion, expanding the concept of mindfulness model in technology adoption, and extending the boundary of research on mindfulness in cognitive orientation process from the perspectives of information dissemination and psychological intervention.
Enhancement of Hybrid Deep Neural Network Using Activation Function for EEG based Emotion Recognition
Authors: margaret jehosheba , banu masoodhu
Published: June 2023

Deep Neural Network (DNN) is an advancing technology that improves our life by allowing machines to perform complex tasks. Hybrid Deep Neural Network (HDNN) is widely used for emotion recognition using EEG signals due to its increase in performance than DNN. Among several factors that improve the performance of the network, activation is an essential parameter that improves the model accuracy by introducing non-linearity into DNN. Activation function enables non-linear learning and solve the complexity between the input and output data. The selection of activation function depends on the type of data that is used for computation. This paper investigates the model performance of different activation functions like ReLU, ELU and tanh on a hybrid CNN with Bi-LSTM model for emotion recognition. The model was tested on DEAP dataset which is an emotion dataset that uses physiological and EEG signals. The experimental results have shown that the model has improved accuracy when ELU function is used.
Factors Associated with Violent Crimes Among Offenders with Mental Illness in Forensic Assessments
Authors: Lin Chia-Heng , Hsieh Wen-Ching , Lin Li-Ting , Chan Chia-Hsiang
Published: June 2023

Although the media often portrays violent criminal offenders as insane, the crime rate of individuals with severe mental illness is not higher than that of the general population. Social isolation in prisons or general psychiatric hospitals is thus a seemingly futile measures in crime prevention. However, few Asian studies have investigated the risk factors associated with violent criminal offenders with mental illness. The study collected 568 offenses from forensic psychiatric assessment reports completed at a psychiatric center from October 2009 to October 2021, excluding sexual offenses. The offenders were classified as violent offenders or nonviolent offenders. The study analyzed the sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and forensic information of the offenders, and assessed their associations with violent crimes. Most offenders (n = 568) were male (74.5%), unemployed (91.4%), and single (92.8%). Compared with offenders without schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 287), offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 281) did not have significantly more alcohol use disorder (12.5% vs. 21.3%,p = .007), other substance use disorders (19.2% vs. 16.4%,p = .382), or commit more violent crimes (23.5% vs. 13.8%,p = .209). Men (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.35–3.38) and those diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.02–2.57) were more likely to commit violent crimes. Offenders with a diagnosis of intellectual disability (OR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.19–0.73) were less likely to have commit violent crimes. Alcohol use disorder was the only dynamic factor associated with violent criminal offenders with mental illness.
Genie Aided Channel Learning For Millimeter Wave MIMO System
Authors: chauhan Aisha , Singh Sarvjit
Published: June 2023

Genie aided algorithm can be used for mm wave (Millimeter wave) MIMO systems. It provides the information of AOA's (Angle of Arrival) and AOD's (Angle of Departure) in beam space channel. In this, we proposed a genie-assisted channel learning estimate for uplink transmissions with equal power allocation. In this we study that mmWave MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) channel has unique property and these are not exploited by conventional techniques i.e. LS (Least Square) and MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error). Hence we created array response vector dictionary of codebook at receiver and transmitter. While we model the mm wave MIMO channel estimation the sparse matrix can be generated with large number of non zero entries. To eliminate this non zero entries we proposed the OMP (Orthogonal matching Pursuit).
Cholinergic Side Effect-Free Anticancer Drugs: Paving the Way for Safer and More Effective Cancer Treatment
Authors: . Ritu , Chandra Prakash , Das Asmita
Published: June 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, and various anticancer medications have been developed that target different biological pathways involved in cancer growth and progression. Topoisomerase I (TOP1) is an essential enzyme involved in unwinding supercoiled DNA, and it serves as a key target for several anti-cancer drugs. Irinotecan, a semi-synthetic derivative of camptothecin, is a potent topoisomerase I toxin that is effective at eliminating human tumor cells. However, irinotecan and other topoisomerase I inhibitors are known to cause cholinergic syndrome, which can lead to severe side effects in cancer patients. Further investigation has revealed that the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme plays a role in the development of cholinergic syndrome in irinotecan-treated patients. It appears that irinotecan or its metabolites directly interact with AChE, leading to an accumulation of acetylcholine and subsequent symptoms of cholinergic syndrome. Phytochemicals present in the plant Phyllanthus emblica, commonly known as amla, have been studied for their therapeutic effects on various diseases. This study focuses on targeting and inhibiting the TOP1 protein using the phytochemicals present in amla as a potential substitute treatment for cancer. In-silico studies were conducted to analyze the binding affinities of sixty three compounds towards the target TOP1 and AChE enzyme and check their drug likeness property using ADME. The six hit compounds with binding affinities similar to or better than their respective standard inhibitors were selected, and their stability was checked using molecular dynamic simulation. These findings suggest that the development of novel anticancer medications that do not inhibit AChE or fresh Topoisomerase inhibitors based on the camptothecin scaffold may help alleviate the side effects of irinotecan.
Autoclave Design for Microgravity Hydrothermal Synthesis
Authors: Frick Jessica J. , Ormsby Rachel , Li Zhou , Ozbakir Yaprak , Liu Chen , Cox Jasmine M. , Carraro Carlo , Maboudian Roya , Senesky Debbie G.
Published: June 2023

Microgravity offers an enticing synthetic knob for materials scientists to explore—however, this environment creates major challenges in hardware development that can turn a simple 3-day experiment into a 3-year long nightmare. This paper provides an overview of engineering an autoclave, compatible with NASA’s Solidification Using a Baffle in Sealed Ampoules (SUBSA) furnace, to enable microgravity hydrothermal synthesis—an acceleration-sensitive technique that processes aqueous samples above the boiling point of water. Hydrothermal synthesis is a universal chemical transformation technique that is used to produce a range of advanced materials with applications in alternative energy, healthcare, and the food industry. In this work, we use the synthesis of graphene hydrogel as a case study to verify our hardware design on Earth before launching to the International Space Station for microgravity testing. The design addresses pertinent challenges which include enabling thermal expansion while preventing air bubble formation in solution and implementing a pressure fail-safe above the maximum operating temperature. Our goal in presenting this autoclave design is to provide a step forward towards commercial-of-the-shelf microgravity hardware.
Expression of Serum Cortisol and Aβ42 in the Prediction of Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease in Patients with Generalised Anxiety Disorders and Stage III/IV Periodontitis
Authors: Kesavaram Jeyvarshini , Cholan Priyanka K , Victor DJ , Tadepalli Anupama , Lakshmi R , Prasanth Shunmuga
Published: June 2023

Objectives: Biochemical inflammatory mediators play a salient role in the pathogenesis as well as inflammatory responses of periodontitis initiated by microbial dysbiosis, linking chronic periodontitis to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of the current study is to assess and correlate the role of serum cortisol and Aβ42 in the prediction of early onset Alzheimer's Disease in patients with and without Generalised Anxiety Disorders and Stage III/IV periodontitis.
Materials and methods : 56 patients were enrolled based on the inclusion criteria into four groups with clinically healthy gingiva and Stage III/IV Periodontitis with and without generalised anxiety disorders. A full mouth periodontal examination was done and DASS-21 scores were recorded. ELISA was done to quantify the levels of serum cortisol and Aβ42.
Results: Cortisol and Aβ42 levels were found to be expressed in the serum of all subjects in the four groups. The levels of assessed biomarkers were the least (Serum Cortisol: 2.57 ± 0.84, Serum Aβ42: 10.57 ± 6.49) in Group I (systemically healthy subjects with clinically healthy gingiva) and highly elevated (Serum Cortisol: 5.36 ± 3.22, Serum Aβ42: 57.64 ± 56.62) in Group IV (Generalised Anxiety Disorder with Generalised Stage III/IV Periodontitis). The clinical parameters of periodontal disease such as PI, mSBI, PPD, CAL, total number of teeth, DASS-21 depicted a significantly positive correlation with Cortisol as well as Aβ42.
Conclusions: The present study suggests that a triad consisting of stress induced serum cortisol, Aβ42 along with clinical periodontal parameters could be useful predictive markers for quantifying the risk of developing Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease (EOAD).
XOR Hash in Blockchain’s Header to Mitigate Storage Constraints
Authors: Karunakaran Vijay , Godfrey W Wilfred
Published: June 2023

The usage of internet and technology inspires the industries to work more on IoT based applications by decentralizing the data storage to ensure data integrity. In such cases, we use blockchain however, with most IoT applications there is always a storage constraint where the IoT devices keep generating the data every few minutes resulting in infinite growth of blockchain that any simple IoT devices would not be able to handle. The idea of deleting old blocks and storing only the recent data by labeling them as expired and unexpired blocks while storing Xor of hashes of deleted set of blocks. Although it resolves some of the issues and attacks, there can be some communication overhead when a node fetches some deleted blocks from other nodes, to validate these blocks, we might need whole set of blocks depending on the set size. Hence arriving at a new idea of adding Xor hash in the block header itself, that resolves the communication overhead along with that full nodes will also be used to always maintain the ledger from the beginning. These ideas will be implemented in an effective way that can be used in real world IoT based applications or any other storage constrained applications
Loading of a porous rock with constant micro-seismic event rate suppresses seismicity and promotes subcritical failure
Authors: Mangriotis Maria-Daphne , Cartwright-Taylor Alexis , Main Ian , Curtis Andrew , Bell Andrew , Butler Ian B. , Fusseis Florian
Published: June 2023

Catastrophic failure is the end result of a progression of damage towards brittle failure on a variety of system scales in the Earth. However, the factors controlling this evolution, and the relationship between deformation and the resulting earthquake hazard, are not well constrained. In particular, induced seismicity is a growing cause of concern in the engineering required for the net-zero carbon transition. Here we address the question of how to optimize operational controls to minimize microseismicity in a laboratory experiment where we can simultaneously image the underlying damage using x-rays and detect acoustic emissions. We show that using continuous servo-control based on acoustic emission event rate not only slows down deformation, but also suppresses events of all sizes, including extreme events. We develop a model that explains this observation, based on the the observed evolution of microstructural damage and the fracture mechanics of subcritical crack growth. The model is independently consistent with the observed stress history and acoustic emission statistics. Our results imply including seismic event rate control may be more effective in managing the risk from induced seismicity than current ‘traffic light’ systems based on extreme events alone.
A DNN based Brain Computational Model of Flicker Fusion
Authors: Chandran Keerthi S , Ghosh Kuntal
Published: June 2023

Models of psychophysics tasks can aid in understanding the information processing mechanisms in the human brain as well in the development of models for more complex tasks. Flicker fusion is a well studied domain in visual psychophysics, useful for its apparent simplicity. Experiments on flicker fusion phenomena involve presenting a human subject with an intermittent stimulus and the subject classifying the stimulus as either flickering or steady. Mathematical models that seek to account for flicker perception have been proposed, though many of these models were put forward before the advanced computational techniques, available today, were developed. The present work attempts to develop a DNN based Brain Computational Model of flicker fusion that could be trained and tested on pscyhophysics data of a single subject. The mapping of flicker stimuli to the classifications made by a human subject, allows a network to model the phenomena via supervised learning. Since the flicker stimulus is a time series data, we set out to find an appropriate recurrent neural network to model the phenomena. We propose a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) along with logarithmic transformations of the input representation to model the data. We show that the model that has been pretrained on a particular subject could be used to train data of another subject much faster. The proposed model is trained using stimuli that could be defined with a few parameters. We tested the model on different categories of flicker stimuli that it was not trained with, and made subjective comparisons of the results with previously published psychophysics data. The model has not been evaluated with standard techniques, but the subjective comparisons show that the proposed model will be useful for developing more psychophysically faithful models in the future.
Redox Conversion of Elemental Carbon in Soot Remarkably Promotes HONO and Sulfate Formation
Authors: He Hong , Zhang Peng
Published: June 2023

Heterogeneous catalytic processes on soot have attracted great attention in recent years due to their accelerating role to the exacerbation of urban haze pollution. However, the surface catalytic mechanism remains largely ambiguous. Here we provide an in-depth exploration of the heterogeneous conversion of NO2 and SO2 on soot. By combining in-situ experiments with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate that the redox conversion of graphene-like elemental carbon (EC) on hole defects in soot can induce the heterogeneous conversion of SO2 and NO2. In particular, SO2 oxidation and NO2 reduction can be mutually promoted with the redox conversion of EC. Through splitting H2O molecules, EC can be oxidized to form hydroxyl-functionalized EC (EC-OH) while simultaneously reducing NO2 to form HONO. Conversely, EC-OH can be re-reduced to EC when photoinduced OH radicals oxidize SO2 to produce sulfate or H2SO4. Our finding highlights the significance of the redox conversion of EC on hole defects in driving the production of HONO and sulfate, which has a significant effect on elevating the atmospheric oxidation capacity and causing fine particle growth.
Computational Fluid Analysis and Optimization of Rocket Engine Nozzles at Various Divergent Angles
Authors: Agarwal Tushar
Published: June 2023

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a field in fluid dynamics that incorporates numerical analysis to simulate and solve problems that involve fluid flows. The study used a two-dimensional axisymmetric model for the analysis, with the governing equations solved using the finite-volume approach in ANSYS FLUENT® software. The inlet boundary conditions are selected from the available experimental data. The oblique shock and shock travel phenomena with the divergence of 5°, 10°, and 15° are demonstrated. For this analysis, variations in parameters such as Mach number and static pressure along the nozzle length were performed. The velocity and pressure drop were also calculated and plotted. It was found that the shock is entirely eliminated from the nozzle at a divergence of 15°. In addition, the intensity of velocity increases with increasing divergent angles, resulting in an optimum angle that minimizes shock instabilities and meets the thrust demand from the nozzle.
Mitochondrial Apoptosis Induced by Phenolic Aqueous Extracts of Toona sinensis Leaf via MEK/ERK Signaling in Glioblastoma Cells
Authors: Cheng-Yu Tsai
Published: June 2023

Toona sinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine widely used in South-East Asia, has been recognized for its anticancer properties, particularly against various types of cancer. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of T. sinensis leaf extracts (TSL) specifically for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Gallic acid was identified as the major active component in the aqueous extracts of TSL using the HPLC system. Furthermore, it has been shown to have the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. TSL treatment significantly inhibited cell growth, proliferation, and cytotoxicity in A172 and U251 GBM cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and increased apoptotic cells. Furthermore, we observed mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by elevated ROS levels and reduced ATP production due to the blockade of electron transport chain (ETC) complexes. TSL treatment regulated this ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Western blotting analysis showed upregulation of Bax and Puma, along with downregulation of Bcl-2. Additionally, TSL treatment induced the cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-9, and PARP, indicating activation of the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway and caspase-dependent pathway in both GBM cell lines. To investigate the involvement of the MEK/ERK pathway in TSL-induced effects, we used U0126, an inhibitor of MEK/ERK kinase. The results demonstrated that TSL treatment suppressed MEK/ERK activation, inhibiting ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and promoting apoptosis. This suggests a potential therapeutic strategy targeting the MEK/ERK pathway in GBM treatment. Overall, our findings indicate that TSL treatment exerts cytotoxic effects on GBM cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of apoptotic pathways. These insights provide valuable knowledge for potential therapeutic applications of TSL in GBM treatment.
Austerity rules and the government policies toward expansion
Authors: boughabi houssam
Published: June 2023

Austerity is a medieval issue: when the government decides over what to do in time of recession and debtness people are the target, their consumption is wanted to decrease, this article is a testimony about the polemics behind austerity rules and how really austerity benefit to growth or the opposite, i discuss how austerity can benefit to the public deficit if consumption is controlled through wages.
Afterward if Sir John Manyard Keynes has emphasized on the importance of demand to heal recessions i believe that austerity as a fact would permit to the State to face over darkness of harsh times if the government is willing to use the monetary policy through bonds and short rates by reducing the gap between expenditures and people consumption.
JEL Classification. E31, H62
War times with a reversed labour market under a fractional Stock Market
Authors: boughabi houssam , qalli yassine el
Published: June 2023

War is an evil issue, we don't want war, that's all what humans are living for, this phrase we don't want.. was the incentive of our article, Frederic Von Hayek was an officer in the Austrian army to fight against insurgents, his genuis was apparent and grows in economics in which he was honoured by a noble prize even though his Phd was arguably in political science and law. In time of war we suppose that the labour market is fractional and wages are almost negative, voluntry unemployement appears in every step we return to the full employement due to companies demand, wages remind more people of their labour in which case they never forget about the meaning of their efforts, they work hard and jerk when times are difficult? were they lost, they likely give a breath to the last penny, the labour market in time of war give demand more velocity to change its upward trend toward a null capital, policymakers have their power to decide of the fate of war; the labour market is like an authority on the equilibrium between supply and a negative demand in time of insurgency. We talk for a while about the rational expectations of a nationalistic country that refuses war incentives and no one should enslave Penélope, i am loyal like her to the english orthodoxy which is ancient and has pride.
JEL Classification. B26, F66