bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Years of Life Lost due to Suicide in Southern Iran 2011–18: A Population–Based Study
Authors: Mirahmadizadeh Alireza , Rezaei Fariba , Moftakhar Leila , Heiran Neda , Azarbakhsh Habibollah
Published: February 2022

Background: Suicide is a major public health concern with diversity in epidemiological aspects and applied methods. In this study, we estimate years of life lost (YLLs) related to completed suicidal in the Fars province, southern Iran. Methods: Our study included data of all mortality events during 2011-2018 from Fars Suicide Surveillance System (FSSS). The validity of qualitative and quantitative variables was assessed through contrasting data between different sources and phone call justification. Case-fatality rates, age-specific and gender-specific mortality rates, ASR (age standardized rate), and YLLs through WHO’s 2015 "YLL template" were calculated. Results: During the study period, 2384 mortalities with a mean age of 32.73±15.65 had been registered. Most of them were males (male: 70.05% vs. female: 29.95%; male-female ratio: 2.33), hanging was the most frequent method (29.94%), and an increasing pattern in successful suicidal attempts was observed. The total YLLs were calculated to be 58669 years (14.71 per 1000 persons). Regardless of year or gender, suicide had the largest YLLs amongst those aged 15-29 years. Conclusion: Regarding the increasing trend in YLLs and observing the highest rate of successful suicidal attempts amongst active and productive members of community, a comprehensive inter organizational reaction is demanded.
Association between Vitamin D Insufficiency and Respiratory Problems in Premature Neonates
Authors: Jafari Nahid , Taslimi Taleghani Naeeme , Kazemi Sayed AliNaghi , Abouoasef Shabnam , Motamed Nima , Jalilvand Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Background: Few studies have been performed to investigate the association between vitamin D and respiratory problems in premature neonates. Methods: In this cohort study, a low serum level of vitamin D was considered as exposure and respiratory problems and associated interventions were considered as outcome. All patients were followed during their hospital stay. All preterm neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a general hospital in Iran during one-year period from January 2018 were enrolled in this study. Serum vitamin D level was measured in the first 24 hours of life by liquid chromatography-spectrometry. Then, respiratory complications were compared between neonates with and without vitamin D insufficiency. Results: Among the 113 preterm newborns, 65 (58%) had a low and 48 (42%) had a normal level of vitamin D who were classified into two groups I and II, respectively. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and requirement for surfactant administration was found in 40 cases (61.5%) in group I and in 20 cases (41.7%) in group II (P=0.036). Also, 46 newborns (70.8%) in the first group and 22 (45.8%) in the second group needed non-invasive ventilation (NIV) (P=0.007). Multiple logistic regression showed a significant association between vitamin D status and RDS (OR, 95% CI=2.840 (1.083–7.447), P=0.034), need for surfactant (OR, 95% CI=2.840 (1.083–7.447), P=0.034) and need for NIV (OR, 95% CI=3.929 (1.526–10.113), P=0.005). Conclusion: The incidence of RDS, need for surfactants, and need for NIV in newborns with vitamin D insufficiency were higher than the neonates with normal levels.
Iranian Consensus Recommendations for Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Nafissi Shahriar , Okhovat Ali Asghar , Sinaei Farnaz , Ansari Behnaz , Ayramloo Hormoz , Basiri Keyvan , Boostani Reza , Haghi Ashtiani Bahram , Sarraf Payam , Fatehi Farzad
Published: February 2022

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an immune-mediated potentially treatable disease in which rapid diagnosis and proper treatment can control symptoms. Treatment should be individualized in each patient according to distribution (ocular or generalized) and severity of the weakness, antibody status, thymus pathology, patient comorbidities, and preferences. A group of Iranian neuromuscular specialists have written these recommendations to treat MG based on national conditions. Four of the authors performed an extensive literature review, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar, from 1932 to 2020 before the central meeting to define headings and subheadings. The experts held a 2-day session where the primary drafts were discussed point by point. Primary algorithms for the management of MG patients were prepared in the panel discussion. After the panel, the discussions continued in virtual group discussions, and the prepared guideline was finalized after agreement and concordance between the panel members. Finally, a total of 71 expert recommendations were included. We attempted to develop a guideline based on Iran’s local requirements. We hope that these guidelines help healthcare professionals in proper treatment and follow-up of patients with MG.
ADHESION CHARACTERISTICS OF THIN FILM COATING DEPOSITED AT FINAL PLASMA HARDENING
Authors: Topolyansky Pavel , Ermakov Sergey , Topolyansky Andrey
Published: February 2022

The methodology for determining adhesion characteristics of thin-film coatings applied from the vapor phase and used to protect parts against wear and corrosion has been considered. The study of adhesion properties, along with deter-mination of thickness, composition of elements, structure, physical-mechanical, and tribological characteristics, as well as wear coefficient, al-lows evaluating and selecting the optimal coat-ing and best technology for its application for a specific industrial application. On the example of studying DLCPateks diamond-like coating of aC:H/a-SiOCN system deposited during final plasma hardening, adhesion characteristics were assessed according to ISO 20502:2005 by scratch testing and according to ISO 26443:2008 by indentation of Rockwell diamond indenter. The first tests were performed to determine the load at which the depth of penetration of the indenter into the coating - substrate composition stops growing smoothly, which characterizes the moment of destruction of the coating. The ratio of the load on the indenter, determined at the end of the passage of the coating thickness, to the load of occurrence of the first cracks or delamination, in these tests is conventionally called the adhesion coefficient. The influence of the coating thickness on the adhesion coefficient has been studied. The tests associated with the use of a Rockwell diamond indenter punch qualitatively evaluate the adhesion properties of the coating by comparing the obtained and normalized impressions. The results of the tests proved improved adhesion characteristics of DLCPateks coating.
Carbonization Region Measurement in Vegetable Tanned Goat Leather using Machine Vision System for Evaluating Performance Measures of Leather Cut Contour Edges
Authors: Vasanth S. , Muthuramalingam T. , Gupta Sanjeev
Published: February 2022

Due to the widespread application and popularity of lasers in recent times, the usage of laser cutting for leather applications has increased as well. Laser technology is needed to provide more consistent and effective results while cutting leathers that include complicated geometries particularly in several sectors where leathers are often utilized such as footwear, apparel and fashion accessories. In this investigation, the diode laser was preferred for leather cutting due to its regulated power density, compact size and portability whereas the CO2 lasers are uncontrollable. The benefit of employing a diode laser is that it can overcome some of the disadvantages associated with CO2 lasers such as power consumption, carbonization layer and geometric inaccuracy. There is no technique available to measure the carbonization at the leather cut contour edges. Hence an attempt has been made to investigate the carbonization percentage with the help of a machine vision system to improve the machining process. The technique of measuring carbonization can be used effectively in the leather industry for the accurate measurement of carbonization. The lower duty cycle with moderate pulse width modulation (PWM) and amplitude could produce lower carbonization layer. PWM frequency has a high influential role on determining carbonization in leather cutting.
Renuncia de regidurías: dos lecturas constitucionales
Authors: Luis Diego Brenes Villalobos
Published: February 2022

El artículo 171 de la Constitución Política costarricense señala en su párrafo primero que los regidores municipales: “serán elegidos por cuatro años y desempeñarán sus cargos obligatoriamente”. Esta disposición ha propiciado dos lecturas en el seno del Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones (en adelante TSE o el Tribunal) que discrepan respecto del alcance de la obligatoriedad del cargo y la excepcionalidad para su renuncia. El presente ensayo repasa esas tesis con particular interés en la que admite la renuncia sin necesidad de excepcionalidades, según se defendiese en la sentencia del TSE n.° 1626-M-2017 de 1.° de marzo del 2017
Impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la organización y desarrollo de los procesos electorales: la experiencia de México
Authors: Libia Márquez Labastida , Carlos Alberto Uribe Juárez
Published: February 2022

Ofrece un análisis sobre las medidas adoptadas por el Instituto Nacional Electoral de México frente a la declaratoria de pandemia por COVID-19 en marzo de 2020, con el objetivo de garantizar la salud de sus trabajadores y dar cumplimiento a sus responsabilidades constitucionales y legales, como lo son el trámite de la credencial para votar, la organización de procesos electorales y el desarrollo de las jornadas electorales.
Modelos predictivos basados en uso de analíticas de aprendizaje en educación superior
Authors: Mella-Norambuena Javier , Badilla María Graciela , López Angulo Yaranay
Published: February 2022

Los métodos tradicionales de predicción del riesgo académico en ocasiones presentan limitaciones para la identificación oportuna, por otro lado, las Analíticas de Aprendizaje  presentan ciertas ventajas. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar características de los modelos predictivos basados en analíticas de aprendizaje en Educación Superior. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de las bases Web of Science, Scopus y Eric usando las palabras clave "analítica de aprendizaje" y "predicción". Se seleccionaron 12 investigaciones que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados indicaron que el 100% de los estudios buscaron predecir el rendimiento académico, se incluyen variables de analíticas, sociodemográficas y sociocognitivas como predictoras. El sistema de gestión de aprendizaje más usado fue Moodle de cursos blended learning y online. Los estudios se desarrollaron principalmente en Europa; las muestras fueron de hasta 500 participantes de Ingeniería y Tecnología. El tipo de análisis más frecuente fue regresión en software R y SPSS. La mayoría logró un modelo de predicción grande (R2 > .30). Se concluye que la construcción actual de modelos de predicción de abandono universitario posee importantes limitaciones.
DIFRAKSI GELOMBANG MELALUI BREAKWATER AMBANG RENDAH HALF CYLINDER
Authors: Nastain  , Suripin  , Yuwono Nur , Sriyana Ignatius
Published: February 2022

Gelombang datang akan mengalami difraksi saat melewati sebuah struktur yang relatif besar. Gelombang difraksi akibat breakwater ambang rendah half cylinder akan dihamburkan secara radial arah normalnya berupa gelombang hambur (scatter). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja breakwater ambang rendah half cylinder berdasarkan nilai koefesien hambur (scatter) gelombang (Ks) yang terjadi. Analisis potensial gelombang dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan persamaan pengatur aliran secara analitik menggunakan potensial kecepatan sebagai variabel dasar dengan menerapkan kondisi syarat batas yang ada. Hasil analitik kemudian diverifikasi menggunakan metode numerik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa koefesien scatter (Ks) breakwater ambang rendah half cylinder akan meningkat jika periode gelombang (T) dan nilai parameter a/h (a = jari-jari half cylinder, h = kedalaman air) bertambah besar. Nilai koefesien scatter (Ks) akan bernilai maksimum jika nilai ka 2 (k = wave number). Hasil verifikasi menunjukan bahwa metode analitik dan numerik menggunakan potensial kecepatan sebagai variabel dasar mendekati hasil yang sama jika nilai a/h ≤ 0,50.
PENGARUH KADAR AIR TANAH TERSEDIA DAN PENGELOLAAN PUPUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri)
Authors: Khoirunisa Icha , Budiman  , Kurniasih Ratih
Published: February 2022

Tanaman meniran merupakan salah satu tumbuhan liar yang dijadikan sebagai tanaman obat. Tanaman meniran memiliki permasalahan terhadap ketersediaan air, karena kadar air tanah yang rendah mengakibatkan tanaman layu, kering bahkan mati. Upaya yang dapat diterapkan dalam mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman meniran adalah kadar air tanah tersedia dan pupuk kandang sebagai bahan organik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh ketersediaan air tanah, pupuk kandang serta interaksi antara ketersediaan air tanah dan dosis pupuk kandang pada pertumbuhan tanaman meniran. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah tingkat ketersediaan air tanah (K) terdiri dari 100%, 75% dan 50% air tersedia. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk kandang yang terdiri tanpa pupuk kandang, 10 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha, 30 ton/ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh ketersediaan air tanah pada tingkat 50% air tersedia mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan meniran berdasarkan parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang dan diameter batang. Aplikasi pemberian pupuk kandang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman meniran dengan dosis 20 ton/ha atau 27.2 g yang berdasarkan parameter tinggi tanaman. Penelitian ini tidak ada interaksi antara ketersediaan air tanah dan pupuk kandang terhadap pertumbuhan pada tanaman meniran.
PENGONTROL RUANGAN MENGGUNAKAN MIKROKONTROLER NodeMCU DENGAN APLIKASI TELEGRAM
Authors: Rianto Yasman
Published: February 2022

Lampu, kipas, TV, kulkas dan peralatan elektronik lainnya merupakan peralatan rumah tangga yang memanfaatkan energy listrik dalam penggunaannya. Sistem kontrol kendali peralatan rumah tangga yang masih manual dalam pengoperasiannya menyebabkan permasalahan saat akan menghidupkan dan mematikannya. Dibutuhkan suatu pengendali untuk mengatur itu semua tanpa harus berada dilokasi untuk menyalaknnya. Kemajuan dunia teknologi membuat jarak yang jauh menjadi dekat, membuat yang tidak tampak menjadi mudah dikendalikan. Permasalahan itu mengakitbatkan dibuatnya suatu alat pengendali pengontrol pengendali ruangan untuk menyalakan lampu dan kipas DC dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler NodeMCU. Lampu dan kipas DC dikendalikan dengan menggunakan aplikasi telegram yang terdapat pada smartphone dengan bantuan wifi. Perintah dari telegram akan diteruskan wifi ke NodeMCU untuk selanjutnya diteruskan ke bagian relay untuk menyalakan lampu dan kipas DC. Motor servo akan bergerak untuk membuka pintu jika berhasil menyalakan keduanya. Pengontrol ruangan ini berhasil diuji coba dan dapat menghidupkan lampu serta kipas DC dalam suatu ruangan. Modul relay akan berada dalam kondisi 5° untuk kondisi pintu terbuka dan 90° untuk kondisi pintu tertutup.
A gas flow velocity sensor fabricated with femtosecond laser using 4 μm ultra-thin glass sheet
Authors: Hao Yansheng , Tanaka Yo , Hosokawa Yoichiroh , Li Ming , Yalikun Yaxiaer
Published: February 2022

Here we proposed a gas flow sensor enabled by a 4 μm ultra-thin glass sheet with high-integration capability for applications in the fields of industry and medicine/health. The sensor was fabricated with femtosecond laser processing in a time of several minutes, which can measure the gas flow velocity by detecting the displacement (0.4 μm to 3 μm) of the ultra-thin glass sheet in a large range of 4 m s−1 to 36 m s−1 with a sensitivity of 8.21 mV m s−1. Furthermore, changing geometric parameters of the sensor, such as aspect ratio and thickness can adjust the sensitivity and dynamic range of the sensor.
ENERGY SECURITY OF GEORGIA AS A COMPILER OF GEO-ECONOMICS (HYDROPOWER CONTEXT)
Authors: TUKVADZE OTARI , GUCHUA ANA , CHIKHLADZE NIKOLOZ
Published: February 2022

The inevitable decline in the reserves of traditional energy sources is fostering interest in the development of renewable energy technologies around the world. The territorial characteristics and abundance of water resources in Georgia have great potential for the development of small hydropower, although the reality indicates a lack of high practical interest in this field. Comparative analysis of the characteristics of Georgian and foreign energy systems indicates the existence of a number of problems in the small hydropower industry in Georgia, which is related to the strategic understanding of the development prospects of this field at the state level. This situation naturally leads to an increase in investment risks. The aim of the article is to determine the conditions that will make the construction of small hydropower plants attractive and facilitate the formation of a relevant market through a geoeconomic understanding of the issue.
The object of research is the opportunities and tools to improve Georgia's energy security, taking into account the geoeconomic factor of the state. The subject of the research is to discuss some of the current problems related to Georgia's energy
security in the geo-economic context, in the context of hydropower. Institutional analysis, synthesis and comparison methods are used in the processing of the article.
PERSPECTIVES OF SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY CAUSED BY COVID PANDEMICS
Authors: SHENGELIA TEMUR
Published: February 2022

A market economic system based on the means of production is characterized by fundamental uncertainty. The differences between the fundamental uncertainties and the risks lie in the fact that it is impossible to empirically measure the
level and dynamics of future threats. A correct understanding of the uncertainty is essential for the study and analysis of the crisis. Under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, world economy found itself in a new global crisis, which had a significant
impact on the rise of economic and social uncertainty, the degree of which is so high that it is impossible to predict the model of the economic and social development due to the current pandemic. The current economic crisis is characterized not only by
global losses but also by the limited sources of compensation. According to scientists (Adžić & Al-Mansour, 2021) a crisis of this magnitude is the most unprecedented economic event of the last century. The COVID-19 world pandemic crisis has limited a traditional opportunities for small business, accordingly has emerged a
new one. The most difficult problem was created in the value chain. Small business is a heavily dependent on consumers and suppliers behaviour, therefore, changes in the value chain have a significant impact on all of its participants. The closure of
national borders has led to the disruption of the logistics network;
And after the reduction of the stocks, it threatens to almost all participants in this network. It is important to consider the uncertainties and risks that are involved while studying small business crisis behavior. As a result even the most trained institutions are approaching disaster. After a pandemic, the universe will find itself in a larger, no
less turbulent zone. Prior to the crisis, cost was the most important criterion while choosing a supply chain that had led to single suppliers and small stocks for small businesses. As it seems during the pandemic, this choice turned out to be one of the most important causes of the small business crisis. At the same time, dependence on one supplier has undergone a transformation into the need to diversify stocks, that has led to an increase in funding sources and which has led to the financial instability of a small company. These examples of the correlation between environmental and small business threats have illustrated the need for a global vision in order to adapt anti-crisis behavior model .A global vision is certainly needed. There is no single, optimal choice for overcoming uncertainty, however, the importance of the multivariate strategies is an important. Small firms found themselves unprepared for such approaches, leading to a high level of uncertainty. As well as, when a small business is in the early stages of
its life cycle, the lack of experience limits its choice, and the lack of resources prevents it from choosing an effective strategy, that has exacerbated the problems of the small firms.
Programas de reenganche escolar: condiciones organizativas para su desarrollo
Authors:   Universidad de Murcia, González González M.ª Teresa , Cutanda López M.ª Trinidad ,   Universidad de Murcia
Published: February 2022

Este capítulo presta atención a las condiciones organizativas movilizadas en Institutos de Educación Secundaria (IES) u Otras Entidades Educativas (OEE) para implementar programas destinados a contrarrestar la desafección/ desenganche del alumnado. Se comenta información sobre el particular procedente de 5 estudios de caso sobre programas (PAI, AO y FPB en IES; PFP en OEE) cuyas características básicas se señalaron en el primer capítulo. El texto se estructura en tres apartados. El primero, contempla, a grandes rasgos, el marco teórico/conceptual que ha orientado y justifica qué se incluye bajo la categoría condiciones organizativas. En el segundo, se presentan datos ilustrativos sobre algunas condiciones organizativas dispuestas en centros y entidades estudiadas para posibilitar la puesta en práctica de los mencionados programas. Se cierra el capítulo con algunas reflexiones, conclusiones y propuestas
Diseño curricular y desarrollo en el aula de programas de reenganche escolar
Authors:   Universidad de Murcia, González Barea Eva M.ª , Rodríguez Entrena M.ª Jesús ,   Universidad de Murcia
Published: February 2022

En este capítulo se analiza el diseño y desarrollo curricular en el marco de las medidas de reenganche educativo, ya comentadas y caracterizadas en capítulos precedentes, PAI, FPB, AO Y PFP . Dicho análisis se centra en los contenidos diseñados e implementados en las aulas donde se despliegan estas medidas, así como los modos en los que se enseñan tales contenidos. El capítulo se estructura de la siguiente forma: primero, se describe cómo están organizados los contenidos curriculares en los programas analizados, tanto en su diseño formal como en su desarrollo; en segundo lugar, se presentan los planteamientos metodológicos y estrategias seguidas por el profesorado en el aula; en tercer lugar, se presta atención a las actuaciones desarrolladas en las tutorías y, por último, se incluyen las conclusiones.
Predictive roles of D-dimer for mortality of patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang1 Cheng , Zeng1 Han-Hua , Huang1 Juan , Zhang1 Qian-Yun , Lin2 Kun
Published: February 2022

Objective: To explore the predictive roles of D-dimer for the mortality of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library from their inception to July 26, 2020. Studies exploring the relationship between blood D-dimer levels and CAP-related mortality were selected. In this meta-analysis, we calculated mortality rates, sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios, and negative likelihood ratios. Results: The search identified 1,073 articles, 8 of which (a total of 2,126 patients) were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled mortality rate of the overall sample was 0.10 (95% CI, 0.08-0.14). The levels of blood D-dimer in the nonsurvivors were significantly higher than those in the survivors (weighted mean difference = 1.03 mg/L [95% CI, 0.81-1.26]; p < 0.00001). The area under the summary ROC curve for the optimal cutoff value of D-dimer as a predictor of mortality was 0.848 (SE = 0.046), and the pooled negative likelihood ratio for D-dimer within the normal range was 0.24 (95% CI, 0.11-0.53). Conclusions: Blood D-dimer might be helpful for the initial assessment of mortality risk of patients with CAP. D-dimer levels within the normal range indicate low risk of mortality. Because of the small sample size in our study, our findings should be further explored and validated in future studies with larger sample sizes.
Audre Lorde's Who Said It Was Simple Characterized as a Confessional Mode
Authors:   University of Misan, College of Basic Education, Department of English Language, Misan, Iraq., Hummadi Issa Radhi
Published: February 2022

The research explores the confessional aspect in Audre Lorde's poem" Who Said It Was Simple ". Lorde depicts her personality under the stress of race, sex and sexuality. She discloses her own bitter experience concerning racism, sexism and sexuality in her poem to revive the retrospective truth of the Afro-Americans' life in the USA. This publicly manifestation of her personality and tribulation throughthe language ofpoetry has been regarded as the hallmark of confessional poetry.
Aborted Emotions: Regret, Relationality, and Regulation
Authors: Madeira Jody
Published: February 2022

Regret is a deeply contested emotion within abortion discourse. It is present in ways that we are both afraid of and afraid to talk about. Conventional pro-life and pro-choice narratives link regret to defective decision making. Both sides assert that the existence of regret reveals abortion’s harmfulness or harmlessness, generating a narrow focus on the maternal-fetal relationship and women’s “rights.” These incomplete, deeply flawed constructions mire discourse in a clash between regret and relief and exclude myriad relevant relationships. Moreover, they distort popular understandings of abortion that in turn influence women, creating cognitive dissonance and perhaps distress for those with different lived experiences of abortion. Finally, these portrayals contribute to the silence and stigma surrounding abortion. This Article contends that regret is more suggestive of women’s deep reflection on the abortion decision and respect for the fetal relationship than of flawed decision making—signifying autonomy, not victimization. It explains why we view regret as an outcome of deficient decision making, how this conception misrepresents regret and confuses it with remorse, and why it prompts liberals and conservatives alike to devalue women’s autonomy. This Article charts a course for reconceptualizing and ultimately decentering regret by discussing several common missteps in current constructions: (1) conflating regret with psychopathology, (2) confusing regret with remorse, (3) confining regret to the maternal-fetal relationship and women’s self-commitment, (4) linking regret to deficient decision making, and (5) coupling regret and moral culpability. Finally, this Article discusses how correcting these errors reprioritizes autonomy and profoundly impacts abortion regulation.
Centering the Teenage "Siren": Adolescent Workers, Sexual Harassment, and the Legal Construction of Race and Gender
Authors: Boles Anastasia
Published: February 2022

Recent scholarship and media attention has focused on the prevalence of sexually harassing behavior directed at working teenagers, and the emergence of sexual harassment lawsuits by these minors against their employers. Although many of the legal issues concerning workplace sexual harassment and adult workers (and the various state and federal jurisprudence prohibiting it) have been widely discussed, there is surprisingly little discourse, research, and precedent addressing the problem of workplace sexual harassment and teen workers. Currently, most sexual harassment cases brought by adolescent workers are litigated using the doctrinal framework for adult workers. Only the Seventh Circuit has developed an adolescent-specific framework, and it produces the same result as the law governing adult workers—it functions to maintain historically subordinating racial and gender hierarchies embedded in sexual harassment law. This Article uses legal construction to evaluate the developing law of sexual harassment claims brought by adolescent workers. Absent a deconstruction framework, adolescent-specific sexual harassment law will continue to perpetuate the very racial and gender subordination Title VII was passed to remediate.
Bridging Bisexual Erasure in LGBT-Rights Discourse and Litigation
Authors: Marcus Nancy
Published: February 2022

LGBT rights are at the forefront of current legal news, with “gay marriage” and other “gay” issues visible beyond dispute in social and legal discourse in the 21st Century. Less visible are the bisexuals who are supposedly encompassed by the umbrella phrase “LGBT” and by LGBT-rights litigation, but who are often left out of LGBTrights discourse entirely. This Article examines the problem of bisexual invisibility and erasure within LGBT-rights litigation and legal discourse. The Article surveys the bisexual erasure legal discourse to date, and examines the causes of bisexual erasure and its harmful consequences for bisexuals, the broader LGBT community, and jurisprudential integrity as a whole. This Article contributes to the bisexual erasure discourse through a unique examination of bisexual erasure through a survey of relevant terminology in LGBT-rights cases, including and beyond recent same-sex marriage litigation. The study documents an almost complete systemic erasure of bisexuals in briefings and opinions, including an absence of any mention of bisexuals by majority opinions in cases where the briefings have set a tone of bi erasure by arguing alternatively for “gay and lesbian” rights, “gay marriage,” or “same-sex marriage,” while completely omitting reference to bisexuals. In addition to documenting the absence of bisexuals in litigation documents (despite the actual presence of bisexuals as litigants), this Article compiles anecdotal evidence of bisexual erasure by attorneys, courts, and the media. The time is overdue for more widespread inclusion of bisexuality in LGBT-rights discourse and litigation. Increased bisexual inclusion can provide a bridge toward more meaningful, holistic, and accurate discourse on the rights of disenfranchised sexual minorities in this country. The tide may finally be turning toward increased bisexual inclusion, however, as some courts and LGBT organizations have employed more inclusive terminology, and one federal judge has explicitly recognized for the first time that bisexuals, like gays, are harmed by same-sex marriage bans. Bisexuality, the last sexual orientation that dare not speak its name, is finally claiming its seat at the table of equal liberty, dignity and respect under law and in the eyes of the LGBT-community itself. The legal community should join this move toward more honest and holistic discourse that acknowledges the equal validity of bisexuality along with other sexual orientations. This Article is one of many steps that must be taken for more meaningful and inclusive LGBT-rights discourse.
Constitutionalizing Fetal Rights: A Salutary Tale from Ireland
Authors: de Londras Fiona
Published: February 2022

In 1983, Ireland became the first country in the world to constitutionalize fetal rights. The 8th Amendment to the Constitution, passed by a referendum of the People, resulted in constitutional protection for “the right to life of the unborn,” which was deemed “equal” to the right to life of the “mother.” Since then, enshrining fetal rights in constitutions and in legislation has emerged as a key part of anti-abortion campaigning. This Article traces the constitutionalization of fetal rights in Ireland and its implications for law, politics, and women. In so doing, it provides a salutary tale of such an approach. More than thirty years after the 8th Amendment, it has become clear that Ireland now has an abortion law regime that is essentially “unliveable.” Not only that, but it has a body of jurisprudence so deeply determined by a constitutionalized fetal-rights orientation that law, politics, and medical practice are deeply impacted and strikingly constrained. This is notwithstanding the clear hardship women in Ireland experience as a result of constitutionalized fetal rights and the resultant almost-total prohibition on accessing abortion in Ireland. This Article argues that, wherever one stands on the question of whether legal abortion ought to be broadly available in a particular jurisdiction, constitutionalizing fetal rights leaves no meaningful space for judgment at either political or personal levels. Furthermore, constitutionalizing fetal rights can have unforeseen implications across jurisprudence and medical practice, creating a situation in which there is essentially no space for more liberal interpretations that respect women’s reproductive autonomy. While this may be desirable from an ideological perspective for those who hold a firm anti-abortion position, it is distinctively problematic for women and for politics.
Prosecuting Rape Victims While Rapists Run Free: The Consequences of Police Failure to Investigate Sex Crimes in Britain and the United States
Authors: Avalos Lisa
Published: February 2022

Imagine that a close friend is raped, and you encourage her to report it to the police. At first, she thinks that the police are taking her report seriously, but the investigation does not seem to move forward. The next thing she knows, they accuse her of lying and ultimately file charges against her. You and your friend are in shock; this outcome never entered your minds. This nightmare may seem inconceivable, but it has in fact occurred repeatedly in both the United States and Britain—countries that are typically lauded for their high levels of gender equality. In Britain, where perverting the course of justice is a serious crime with a potential term of life in prison, many rape complainants have been sent to prison for two and three year terms. This five-part Article analyzes this problem and sets out recommendations for legal reform.
A Relational Feminist Approach to Conflict of Laws
Authors: Banu Roxana
Published: February 2022

Feminist writers have long engaged in critiques of private law. Surrogacy contracts or the “reasonable man” standard in torts, for example, have long been the subjects of thorough feminist analysis and critique. When private law issues touch on more than one jurisdiction, Conflict of Laws is the doctrine that determines which jurisdiction can try the case and—as separate questions—which jurisdiction’s law should apply and under what conditions a foreign judgment can be recognized and enforced. Yet, there are virtually no feminist perspectives on Conflict of Laws (also known as Private International Law). This is still more surprising when one considers that feminist approaches to Public International Law have been developing for over a quarter century.

In this Article, I show that there is a fundamental need to rethink the image of the transnational individual in Conflict of Laws theory and methodology. It is here, I argue, that feminism— specifically relational, often known as cultural, feminism—has an important contribution to make to Conflict of Laws. I develop a relational feminist approach to Conflict of Laws and apply it to a pressing contemporary issue, namely transnational surrogacy arrangements.

Overall, this Article shows how relational feminism can illuminate the problems of adopting an atomistic image of the individual in a transnational context, as well as provide an outline for an alternative—a relational theory of the self that redefines autonomy and the law, creating an important shift in how Conflict of Laws perceives its regulatory dimensions. The Article connects three of relational feminism’s core insights—the notion of relational autonomy, the focus on relationships, and relational theories of judging— to Conflict of Laws theory and methodology.
INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND THE PRINCIPLE OF STRUCTURAL CONSISTENCY
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Ozhiganov Edward N. , Okatiev Nikolai A. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Abueva M. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the article is to show how an approach based on intellectual capital solves important issues of measuring campaign performance, giving meaning to the concept of “strategic perfor-mance assessment”: this type of measurement shows how confidently a company is moving towards its stra-tegic goal. The article highlights the problem of indicators for measuring the accumulation and deployment of intellectual capital, which are leading indicators of the strategy of successful companies and, thus, are irreplaceable additions to the indicators of their production and financial efficiency. Particular attention is paid to the principle of structural coherence, according to which the effectiveness of a company depends on the consistency of each of its components – work, people, structure and culture with all other structural elements of the company.
PROBLEMS OF USING METHODS OF 3D MODELING AND 3D PRINTING IN SCIENCE AND PRODUCTION
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after Kozma Minina, Sergeeva Valeria S. , Bysova Tatiana V. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after Kozma Minina, Smirnov Viktor A. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after Kozma Minina, Ponachugin Alexander V. ,   Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after Kozma Minina
Published: February 2022

Thanks to the rapid technological progress, the creation of 3D projects and 3D printing tech-nologies have firmly entered the life of every person. 3D modeling and 3D printing technologies are being used more and more every year. The demand for these technologies is growing more and more in all areas of production, education, science and medicine, and the quality of technologies should grow accordingly. 3D modeling has both a number of objective advantages and disadvantages. By studying open sources and special literature, we identified the main advantages and problems of the production of 3D models. The ad-vantages of the technology are an accelerated production cycle compared to traditional modeling, realism, high quality and accuracy of the created models, and at the same time, the disadvantages are the high cost in certain areas of production, the need for specialists in the field of 3D modeling and technical complexity. With the spread of this technology in all spheres of science and production, the requirements for the quality of produced 3D models also increase, for example, in many areas of science there is already a lack of accurate production 3D printers and specialists are forced to develop more and more advanced methods of 3D printing. Also, 3D printers will soon need to work with materials that are not widespread today, this will allow printing human organs, electronic microcircuits, antibiotics and other drugs on 3D printers.
EDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL IN CREATIVE INDUSTRIES
Authors:   Moscow State Technical University N. E. Bauman. Moscow, Russia, Baryshnikov Alexander V. , Trepolskaya Daria S. ,   Moscow State University N. V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2022

This article examines the state of the creative industry’s development in the Russian Federa-tion in accordance with the new challenges of the economy and the current formats of obtaining knowledge. About what has been done in the Russian Federation for the development of creative industries, in what areas and in what format training in this area were offered. An attempt is made to review creative learning programs both in Russia and abroad.
GENERAL ECONOMIC TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
Authors:   Department “Finance and credit” North–Ossetian State University under the name or K. L. Khetagurov, Kulumbekova Taira E.
Published: February 2022

The article discusses indicators of general economic trends in the development of the region, using the example of one of the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District - the Republic of North Os-setia-Alania. The analysis of the impact of indicators on the trends of socio-economic development of the region was carried out using statistical data from both the Bank of Russia and Rosstat, as well as regional authorities.
ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL COSTS FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BY TYPE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   North Ossetian State University. K.L. Khetagurova, Vladikavkaz, Russia, Akhpolova Victoria B. , Akhpolov Georgiy Z. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Vladikavkaz branch, Vladikavkaz, Russia
Published: February 2022

Science is the basis for maintaining the stability of the economy of the state and the social security of society. Science makes it possible to prevent crises in various spheres of life and get out of them with the least losses. This necessitates stable state funding of scientific developments and systematic im-provement of the scientific and technical potential of the country. The article analyzes the financing of scientific research in Russia by types of economic activity.
Quotients of Uniform Positroids
Authors: Benedetti Carolina , Chavez Anastasia , Tamayo Jiménez Daniel
Published: February 2022

Two matroids $M$ and $N$ are said to be concordant if there is a strong map from $N$ to $M$. This also can be stated by saying that each circuit of $N$ is a union of circuits of $M$. In this paper, we consider a class of matroids called positroids, introduced by Postnikov, and utilize their combinatorics to determine concordance among some of them.

More precisely, given a uniform positroid, we give a purely combinatorial characterization of a family of positroids that is concordant with it. We do this by means of their associated decorated permutations. As a byproduct of our work, we describe completely the collection of circuits of this particular subset of positroids.
Solving Static Permutation Mastermind using $O(n \log n)$ Queries
Authors: Larcher Maxime , Martinsson Anders , Steger Angelika
Published: February 2022

Permutation Mastermind is a version of the classical mastermind game in which the number of positions $n$ is equal to the number of colors $k$, and repetition of colors is not allowed, neither in the codeword nor in the queries. In this paper we solve the main open question from Glazik, Jäger, Schiemann and Srivastav (2021), who asked whether their bound of $O(n^{1.525})$ for the static version can be improved to $O(n \log n)$, which would be best possible. By using a simple probabilistic argument we show that this is indeed the case.
Polynomials Counting Nowhere-Zero Chains in Graphs
Authors: Kochol Martin
Published: February 2022

We introduce polynomials counting nowhere-zero chains in graphs – nonhomogeneous analogues of nowhere-zero flows. For a graph $G$, an Abelian group $A$, and $b:V(G)\to A$, let $\alpha_{G,b}$ be a mapping from $\Lambda(G)$ (a family of vertex sets of connected subgraphs of $G$ satisfying an additional condition) to $\{0,1\}$ such that for each $X\in\Lambda(G)$, $\alpha_{G,b}(X)=0$ if and only if $\sum_{v\in X}b(v)=0$. We prove that there exists a polynomial function $F(G,\alpha;k)$ ($\alpha=\alpha_{G,b}$) of $k$ such that for any Abelian group $A'$ of order $k$ and each $b':V(G)\to A'$ satisfying $\alpha_{G,b'}=\alpha$, $F(G,\alpha;k)$ equals the number of nowhere-zero $A'$-chains $\varphi$ in $G$ having boundaries equal to $b'$. In particular $F(G,\alpha;k)$ is the flow polynomial of $G$ if $\alpha(X)=0$ for each $X\in\Lambda(G)$. Finally we characterize $\alpha$ for which $F(G,\alpha;k)$ is nonzero and show that in this case $F(G,\alpha;k)$ has the same degree as the flow polynomial of $G$.
A database of fossil occurrences in the Ordovician of Baltoscandia
Authors: Hammer Øyvind
Published: February 2022

A database recording published fossil occurrences in the Ordovician of Baltoscandia has been con­structed and made available on the Internet (http:/ /asaphus.uio.no). The database presently con­tains 10340 entries, each recording the first and last appearances of a single species at a single locality, together with other stratigraphical, taxonomic and geographical information. The data are taken from 141 publications, most of them from 1980 or later but also included are some older key references. The database will be continuously maintained, revised and expanded. In addition to serving as a reference for researchers working on the Ordovician of Baltoscandia, the database has been used to produce biodiversity curves for different fossil groups. These curves reflect the global increase in biodiversity through the Ordovician, but also show interesting local fluctuations.
Theoretical understanding of electronic and mechanical properties of 1T′ transition metal dichalcogenide crystals
Authors: Kazemi Seyedeh Alieh , Imani Yengejeh Sadegh , Wang Vei , Wen William , Wang Yun
Published: February 2022

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with a 1T′ layer structure have recently received intense interest due to their outstanding physical and chemical properties. While the physicochemical behaviors of 1T′ TMD monolayers have been widely investigated, the corresponding properties of layered 1T′ TMD crystals have rarely been studied. As TMD monolayers do not have interlayer interactions, their physicochemical properties will differ from those of layered TMD materials. In this study, the electronic and mechanical characteristics of a range of 1T′ TMDs are systematically examined by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our results reveal that the properties of 1T′ TMDs are mainly affected by their anions. The disulfides are stiffer and more rigid, diselenides are more brittle. In addition, the 1T′ polytype is softer than 2H TMDs. Comparison with the properties of the monolayers shows that the interlayer van der Waals forces can slightly weaken the TM–X covalent bonding strength, which can further influence the mechanical properties. These insights revealed by our theoretical studies may boost more applications of 1T′ TMD materials.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI SISWA SD DENGAN PENDEKATAN MANJA (berMAiN, berkelompok dan tanya JAwab) TANJUNG DUREN SELATAN, GROGOL
Authors: Fassa Ferdinand , Bintang Koesalawardi Ario , Feliks Setiawan Andre
Published: February 2022

Momok mata pelajaran Sains dan Matematika telah menjadi permasalahan bagi siswa Sekolah Dasar. Metode pengajaran yang monoton terkadang menggangu penguasaan materi tentang konsep ilmu Sains dan menghambat munculnya kreativitas penguasaan. Permasalahan lainnya adalah mahalnya biaya bimbingan belajar yang ada di wilayah DKI Jakarta membuat sebagian masyarakat sulit untuk memperoleh pendidikan tambahan bagi anak-anak yang ingin mendapatkan materi tambahan dalam pembelajaran seperti Sains dan Matematika. Peran lembaga bimbingan belajar dirasa masih sangat diperlukan untuk sebagian masyarakat mengingat materi kurikulum saat ini cukup banyak dan berat untuk diserap oleh sebagian siswa SD. Apabila di sekolah siswa mendapatkan waktu dan metode pengajaran yang kurang sesuai dari guru maka dapat mengakibatkan tingkat penguasaan materi ikut berkurang. Sehingga hal ini dapat mengakibatkan kompetensi dan nilai yang diperolehnya menjadi rendah. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, maka Program Studi Manajemen dan Rekayasa Konstruksi Universitas Agung Podomoro bermaksud untuk menyelenggarakan kegiatan peningkatan kompetensi melalui bimbingan belajar mata pelajaran Sains dengan judul: “Peningkatan Kompetensi Siswa SD dengan Pendekatan MANJA (berMAiN, berkelompok dan tanya JAwab) di wilayah Kelurahan Tanjung Duren Selatan, Grogol, Jakarta Barat.