bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basics of the Ascetical (Christian) Psychotherapy/ Основи Н-Л. Ас Кетската (Христшанска) Психотерапша
Authors: Ilievski Naum
Published: June 2015

It is obvious that contemporary man is suffering. His sufferings often seem pointless and causeless. Modern science more and more comes to reveal and acknowledge that human sufferings have a psychosomatic basis. In some of the cases, these sufferings are noogenic neuroses. They do not originate from the psychological dimension but from the noological or spiritual one of human existence. Тhe pointlessness of life is the basic cause for the noogenic neurosis and depression from which the humankind suffers. Hence, the many escapes from such experienced reality into various addictions. Possible way towards healing is to retrieve one’s meaning of life, to strengthen his will to meaning. Religion has always been-and still remains-a powerful and appealing purpose that fulfills the life and being of the believers. This article demonstrates the systematization of the spiritual development of a person presented in a table of the harmony of the ascetic-hesychastic struggle, according which everyone can find his place on the ladder of spiritual development, become aware, and reconciliate the mode of personal struggle according to his spiritual development. The reconciliation of the primary function of the mind with its secondary function-the intellect, is of an essential importance. Contemporary religious psychology do not regard man merely as a biological or a psychological being. The subject matter of research is the human being as a whole, as a spiritual person that is characterized by autonomy, regarding the biological and psychological processes. The importance of understanding the spiritual level of human existence enables holistic approach and experiencing of the human personality as a whole. Furthermore, it offers new perspectives of psychotherapeutic action not only within the range of the classical psychotherapeutic modalities but also within the range of the applied Christian Psychotherapy.
Body Mass Index, Underweight and Overweight in Children 3 to 5 Years of Age from Skopje/ Индекс На Телесната Тежина, Неисхранетост И Прекумерна Исхранетост Кај Деца На 3–5 Години Од Скопје
Authors: Trpkovska Biljana , Lazarova Dobrila , Strateska Andja. , Zafirova Biljana , Čadikovska Elizabeta
Published: June 2015

The aim of this research is to present body mass index (BMI) data in children 3-5 years of age from Skopje and provide the information on the prevalence of different categories of nutritional status during the early childhood.

Material and methods: The study included 420 preschool children (210 boys and 210 girls). Stature and body weight were measured, and the BMI value was calculated. Twelve anthropometric parameters were measured using standard equipment and measurement technique according to the International Biological Programme.

Results: The majority of anthropometrical parameters have shown significant age and sex specific differences in favor of male subjects. Values at the 50th percentile in our male subjects aged 3, 4 and 5 years for the weight-for-age index were 19 kg, 19.1 and 21 kg, respectively whereas in the female subjects the corresponding values were 16.8 kg, 20 kg and 21 kg. The height-for-age index values corresponding to the 50th percentile showed slightly higher values in our male subjects (100 cm, 109.5 cm and 116 cm) than those in our female subjects (102 cm, 108.5 cm and 116 cm). The values of 50th percentile of BMI in our males subjects were 18.1 kg/m², 16.2 kg/m² and 16 kg/m² whereas in our females were 16.5 kg/m², 16.7 kg/m² and 16.4 kg/m².

Conclusion: These results show that underweight is a health problem of the rising generation in Skopje and needs to be considered along with the problem of overweight. It is recommended that the detected values could be applied for evaluation of deviations in growth and nutritional status in children aged 3-5.
Emanuel Syndrome (Es): New Case-Report and Review of the Literature/ Емануел Синдром (Es): Презентација На Нов Случај И Преглед На Литературата
Authors: Jancevska Snezana , Kitanovski Mile , Laban Nevenka , Danilovski Dragan , Tasic Velibor , Gucev Zoran S.
Published: June 2015

Multiple congenital anomalies and craniofacial dysmorphism are characterizing the so-called Emanuel or supernumerary der(22)t(11;22) syndrome (OMIM609029). Mental and developmental retardation are major clinical features. The der(22) may arise from a parental balanced t(11;22)(q23;q11.2) or can be created de novo.

Here we present a 2 years old boy with normal prenatal history, cyanotic at delivery and with ear anomalies, a preauricular tag, high-arched palate and micrognathia. There were neither microcephaly, nor heart or kidney defects. Psychological and motor testing at the age of 2 years confirmed significant mental and developmental delay. In addition, the child had seizures and an abnormal electroencephalogram. Cytogenetic and molecular analyses revealed a karyotype 47,XY,+der(22)t(11;22)(q23;q11.2). As parents refused further tests it could not be determined if the der(22) arose de novo or was parentally derived.

Overall the present report should alert physician to offer cytogenetic and/or molecular diagnostics in comparable cases.
International Nephrology Days/ Меѓународни Нефролошки Денови
Authors: Spasovski Goce
Published: June 2015

The International Nephrology Days in honor of the 75th anniversary of Academician Momir Polenakovic and 50 years of his scientific work were held in the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA) on 26 and 27 September 2014. Organizers of the meeting were the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts and the Macedonian Society of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation and Artificial Organs (MSNDTAO). The days were programmed with the VII Macedonian-Croatian Nephrology Meeting and the Continuing Medical Education (CME) Course on "Renal Replacement Therapy - when & how - update on the outcome and cost-efficacy" organized by the MSNDTAO in cooperation with the European Renal Association (ERA-EDTA). Prominent academicians, researchers and nephrologists from Europe and neighboring countries contributed with their lectures and discussion at this scientific event. On September 26, 2014 the opening talk was given by Acad. V. Kambovski, President of the MASA, about the Life and Work of Academician Momir Polenakovic. In honor of his anniversary and valuable scientific opus, during the meeting Acad. Momir Polenakovic was awarded with Certificate of the European Renal Association (ERA-EDTA) for his significant role in the development of nephrology in the Balkan region and couple of other diplomas and acknowledgement. Prof. Polenakovic is founder of the MSNDTAO and his lifetime honorary president.
A comparison of the quality assurance of four dosimetric tools for intensity modulated radiation therapy
Authors: Son Jaeman , Baek Taesung , Lee Boram , Shin Dongho , Park Sung Yong , Park Jeonghoon , Lim Young Kyung , Lee Se Byeong , Kim Jooyoung , Yoon Myonggeun
Published: June 2015

Background. This study was designed to compare the quality assurance (QA) results of four dosimetric tools used for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and to suggest universal criteria for the passing rate in QA, irrespective of the dosimetric tool used.

Materials and methods. Thirty fields of IMRT plans from five patients were selected, followed by irradiation onto radiochromic film, a diode array (Mapcheck), an ion chamber array (MatriXX) and an electronic portal imaging device (EPID) for patient-specific QA. The measured doses from the four dosimetric tools were compared with the dose calculated by the treatment planning system. The passing rates of the four dosimetric tools were calculated using the gamma index method, using as criteria a dose difference of 3% and a distance-to-agreement of 3 mm.

Results. The QA results based on Mapcheck, MatriXX and EPID showed good agreement, with average passing rates of 99.61%, 99.04% and 99.29%, respectively. However, the average passing rate based on film measurement was significantly lower, 95.88%. The average uncertainty (1 standard deviation) of passing rates for 6 intensity modulated fields was around 0.31 for film measurement, larger than those of the other three dosimetric tools.

Conclusions. QA results and consistencies depend on the choice of dosimetric tool. Universal passing rates should depend on the normalization or inter-comparisons of dosimetric tools if more than one dosimetric tool is used for patient specific QA.
Temporo-sylvian anastomosis and aneurysm clipping in a case of left M1 aneurysm with progressive evolution after initial embolization; Case report
Authors: Ion Georgiana , Chiriac A. , Poeata I.
Published: June 2015

A giant unrupted middle cerebral artery aneurysm partially thrombosed, previously endovascularly treated after a mild right hemiparesis remitted. After 12 months, in routine check we discovered a reperfusion of the aneurysm and decide ECIC bypass and clipping, with a good outcome
Acute intracerebral haemorrhage complication after carotid artery stenting
Authors: Chiriac A. , Ion Georgiana , Dobrin N. , Poeata I.
Published: June 2015

Intracranial hemorrhage following carotid artery stenting is a recognized rare complication but with potentially devastating evolution. Reports of acute cerebral hemorrhage injury following internal carotid artery (ICA) angioplasty are few, and usually were discussed in correlation with hyperperfusion syndrome. In this article we present a patient who experienced a fatal ipsilateral basal ganglia hemorrhage within 10 minutes after carotid angioplasty and stent placement
Combined treatment for complex intracranial aneurysm
Authors: Chiriac A. , Ion Georgiana , Dobrin N. , Iencean St.M. , Poeata I.
Published: June 2015

Complex aneurysms often cannot be completely excluded by a single approaches. Today successful treatment of these lesions requires a combination between microsurgical and endovascular techniques. Planning of combined treatment require a very good understanding of aneurysm anatomy and a close collaboration between neurosurgeon and neuroendovascular interventionist. Endovascular coiling can usually be used as early treatment for a partially aneurysm occlusion including the ruptured area and followed by definitive clipping. On the other hand microsurgical clipping also can be used as first treatment for complex aneurysm neck reconstruction, allowing successful secondary placement of coils inside the remnant aneurysm sac
Socio-Economic Characteristics in Notified Erythema Migrans Patients
Authors: Sočan Maja , Blaško-Markič Mateja , Erčulj Vanja , Lajovic Jaroslav
Published: June 2015

Background. Lyme borreliosis disease results from infection by members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The most common clinical presentation of Lyme borreliosis is erythema migrans (EM). To gain knowledge of the epidemiological parameters and the risk factors of EM in Slovenia, a survey has been carried out in 2010.

Methods. A short anonymous and self-administrated questionnaire was sent to 4917 notified EM patients in 2010, aiming to collect epidemiological data and assess socio-economic determinants in patients with EM.

Results. Three thousand and five (61%) patients with EM returned completed questionnaires. One thousand and nine hundred twenty-nine (74%) patients noted the tick where the EM developed. The tick bite was most often located on the legs in adults and in the head/neck area in children. The time that elapsed before the tick has been removed increased significantly with age. The attached tick was most frequently overlooked in preschool children. Nearly 70% of patients believed that they contracted the infection with borrelia near home. Infection away from their permanent residence was more often the case in those with a higher level of education and in 15-49 age groups. Compared to the Slovenian general population over 14 years of age, those with a higher level of education, the unemployed and farmers were overrepresented among the EM patients.

Conclusions. The risk of Lyme borreliosis is widespread in Slovenia, with some areas more affected then others. Determinants of exposure to infected ticks are different, and depend on the socio-economic status and demographic characteristics.
Age at Smoking Initiation in Slovenia
Authors: Koprivnikar Helena , Korošec Aleš
Published: June 2015

Background. Smoking is initiated mostly by adolescents and young adults. In Slovenia, we have limited data about this. The purpose of this paper is to show data on age at smoking initiation and differences in age at smoking initiation by gender, age groups, education, social class and geographical region among inhabitants of Slovenia.

Methods. We used data from the cross-sectional survey ‘Health-related behaviour 2012’ in Slovenian population aged from 25 to 74 years.

Results. 4591 ever smokers, aged 25-74, that gave information about the age at smoking initiation were included in the analysis. At the age of 25 or less, smoking was initiated by 96.7% of Slovene ever smokers, at the age of 18 or less by 71.0%. The average age at smoking initiation was 17.7 years. Male ever smokers initiated smoking at an earlier age compared to female ones. Age at smoking initiation was decreasing in both male and female ever smokers, but was more pronounced in females. In male ever smokers, there were no differences in average smoking initiation age by education, self-reported social class and geographical regions, while in female ever smokers, there were significant differences in terms of education and geographical regions.

Conclusion. The initiation of smoking predominantly occurs in adolescents and young adults. Age at smoking initiation has decreased in recent decades. Our study confirms the importance of early and sustained smoking prevention programmes in youth and the importance of national comprehensive tobacco control programme with effective tobacco control measures to ban tobacco products marketing.
Essential Attributes of the Accounting Information in Applying The Financial Reporting Differences Between Ifrs and us Gaap
Authors: Herbei Ioana
Published: June 2015

In the context of the development of information, the main role of financial reporting is threatened by alternative sources of information that users use. However, the main source of information for decision-makers remain the accounting information relaxed from synthesis financial reporting, because the legal framework prescribes mandatory minimum information and a set of quality certification mechanisms thereof. As a starting point in our research we used relevant studies from the scientific literature regarding the understanding of the accounting information in financial reporting. We specify that many authors place the accounting information in the perimeter of the objectivity and the accuracy, which is essential in making economic decisions by the leadership. Thus, in support of decisionmakers, accountants apply professional judgment (judgment of International Financial Reporting Standards), taking decisions in terms of the use of accounting treatments to achieve a quality of financial reporting information. The contents of the article have been reported not only attributes on accounting information provided by IFRS, but also aspects of US GAAP regarding financial reporting, presenting the differentiation between the two accounting referential. We note that the accounting information can be the best friend of actual and potential investors if used properly understood
The role of Nikolai Berdyaev in the early writings of Hans Urs von Balthasar: A contribution to the question of Balthasar’s appropriation of sources
Authors: S. King Jonathan , Shea C. Michael
Published: June 2015

This contribution examines the relatively unresearched doctoral thesis of Hans Urs von Balthasar as a Germanist, particularly in relation to the role that the reading of the Russian religious philosopher Nikolai Berdyaev played in the development of Balthasar's earliest theological thought. The authors argue that Berdyaev provided the young Germanist with a markedly eschatological point of departure for his nascent theological reflections. Although Balthasar had to renounce certain aspects of Berdyaev's thought, this eschatological orientation received from Berdyaev nevertheless remained recognizable through Balthasar's mature theological works.
Possible role of interferon tau on the bovine corpus luteum and neutrophils during the early pregnancy
Authors: Shirasuna Koumei , Matsumoto Haruka , Matsuyama Shuichi , Kimura Koji , Bollwein Heinrich , Miyamoto Akio
Published: June 2015

When pregnancy is established, interferon tau (IFNT), a well-known pregnancy recognition signal in ruminants, is secreted by embryonic trophoblast cells and acts within the uterus to prepare for pregnancy. IFNT acts as an endocrine factor on the corpus luteum (CL) to induce refractory ability against the luteolytic action of PGF2α. Hypothesising that IFNT may influence not only the uterine environment but also the CL in cows via local or peripheral circulation, we investigated qualitative changes in the CL of pregnant cows during the maternal recognition period (day 16) and the CL of non-pregnant cows. The CL of pregnant animals had a higher number of neutrophils, and the expression of interleukin 8 (IL8) mRNA and its protein was higher as well as compared with the CL of non-pregnant animals. Although IFNT did not affect progesterone (P4) secretion and neutrophil migration directly, it stimulated IL8 mRNA expression on luteal cells (LCs), influencing the neutrophils, resulting in the increased migration of IFNT-activated neutrophils. Moreover, both IFNT-activated neutrophils and IL8 increased P4 secretion from LCs in vitro. Our novel finding was the increase in neutrophils and IL8 within the CL of pregnant cows, suggesting the involvement of IFNT function within the CL toward establishment of pregnancy in cows. The present results suggest that IFNT upregulates neutrophil numbers and function via IL8 on LCs in the CL of early pregnant cows and that both neutrophils and IL8, stimulated by IFNT, are associated with an increase in P4 concentrations during the maternal recognition period in cows.
Robust Distal Tip Cell Pathfinding in the Face of Temperature Stress Is Ensured by Two Conserved microRNAS in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Burke Samantha L , Hammell Molly , Ambros Victor
Published: June 2015

Biological robustness, the ability of an organism to maintain a steady-state output as genetic or environmental inputs change, is critical for proper development. MicroRNAs have been implicated in biological robustness mechanisms through their post-transcriptional regulation of genes and gene networks. Previous research has illustrated examples of microRNAs promoting robustness as part of feedback loops and genetic switches and by buffering noisy gene expression resulting from environmental and/or internal changes. Here we show that the evolutionarily conserved microRNAs mir-34 and mir-83 (homolog of mammalian mir-29) contribute to the robust migration pattern of the distal tip cells in Caenorhabditis elegans by specifically protecting against stress from temperature changes. Furthermore, our results indicate that mir-34 and mir-83 may modulate the integrin signaling involved in distal tip cell migration by potentially targeting the GTPase cdc-42 and the beta-integrin pat-3. Our findings suggest a role for mir-34 and mir-83 in integrin-controlled cell migrations that may be conserved through higher organisms. They also provide yet another example of microRNA-based developmental robustness in response to a specific environmental stress, rapid temperature fluctuations.
Risiko-Warnhinweise in Kurzinformationen für Finanzdienstleistungen. Eine empirische Analyse
Authors: Oehler Andreas
Published: June 2015

Immer häufiger wird in der Literatur weltweit darüber berichtet, dass Kurzinformationen für Anleger zwar grundsätzlich nutzenstiftend sein können, allerdings ein wesentliches Problem in der kaum ausreichend klaren und verständlichen Risikodarstellung liege. Die Bundesregierung hat aktuell im Rahmen der Graumarkt-Regulierung mit dem Entwurf des Kleinanlegerschutzgesetzes in dieser Form explizit eine textliche Risiko-Warnung verankert. Neben Vorschlägen zu solchen textlichen Warnhinweisen, wird u. a. aus verhaltensökonomischer Sicht eine Kombination mit grafischen Risiko-Warnhinweisen gefordert. Diese Studie hatte zum Ziel, eine solche Kombination textlicher und grafischer Risiko-Warnhinweise am Beispiel eines Derivats empirisch zu untersuchen. Die Bewertung durch die Probanden fiel dabei positiv aus, die Kombination aus textlichem und grafischem Risiko-Warnhinweis wirkt. Zusätzlich wurde anknüpfend an die Literatur zur Wirksamkeit von Warnhinweisen bei Sachgütern analysiert, inwieweit der dort beschriebene (adverse) Effekt der Warnung als Werbung auch hier bei einer Finanzdienstleistung eintritt. Die empirische Untersuchung gibt keinen Hinweis auf eine solche Vertrauen bildende Wirkung, im Gegenteil, die Warn-Wirkung scheint wie beabsichtigt zu funktionieren.
Unrecognized Celiac Disease in Children Presenting for Rheumatology Evaluation
Authors: Sherman Yekaterina , Karanicolas Rose , DiMarco Brittany , Pan Nancy , Adams Alexa B. , Barinstein Laura V. , Moorthy L. Nandini , Lehman Thomas J. A.
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Current clinical guidelines do not consider patients with rheumatic conditions to be at high risk for celiac disease (CD) despite numerous reported associations between the two in adults and children. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of CD among patients presenting for pediatric rheumatology evaluation.

METHODS:

A total of 2125 patients presenting for initial evaluation by the Division of Pediatric Rheumatology at the Hospital for Special Surgery between June 2006 and December 2013 were screened for CD as a part of the standard initial serologic evaluation. The charts of these patients were evaluated retrospectively at the end of this period.

RESULTS:

36 patients (30 girls, 6 boys, mean age 9.4 ± 4.3 years, range 2–16 years) received a diagnosis of CD after serologic testing and evaluation by pediatric gastroenterology. Eight additional patients with known diagnoses of CD presented during this time period. The total prevalence of CD over this 6.5-year period was 2.0%. The most common presenting complaints among patients diagnosed with CD were myalgias, arthralgias, and rash. Less frequently, patients reported gastrointestinal complaints including abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. All patients reported improvement or complete resolution of their musculoskeletal symptoms after initiation of a gluten-free diet.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study identified 36 new cases of CD among children presenting for rheumatology evaluation, for an overall prevalence rate of 2.0%. The majority of patients who ultimately received a diagnosis of CD presented with extraintestinal manifestations. These results underscore the importance of screening children presenting for rheumatology evaluation for CD.
Emergency Department Visits for Self-Inflicted Injuries in Adolescents
Authors: Cutler Gretchen J. , Flood Andrew , Dreyfus Jill , Ortega Henry W. , Kharbanda Anupam B.
Published: June 2015

OBJECTIVES:

To describe emergency department (ED) visits for self-inflicted injury (SII) among adolescents, examine trends in SII mechanisms, and identify factors associated with increased risk.

METHODS:

Analyses included patients aged 10 to 18 years from the National Trauma Data Bank, years 2009 to 2012. We used Cochran–Armitage trend tests to examine change over time and generalized linear models to identify risk factors for SII.

RESULTS:

We examined 286 678 adolescent trauma patients, 3664 (1.3%) of whom sustained an SII. ED visits for SII increased from 2009 to 2012 (1.1% to 1.6%, P for trend ≤ .001), whereas self-inflicted firearm visits decreased (27.3% to 21.9%, P for trend = .02). The most common mechanism in males was firearm (34.4%), and in females, cut/pierce (48.0%). Odds of SII were higher in females (odds ratio [OR] 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.77), older adolescents (OR 2.73, 95% CI 2.38–3.14), adolescents with comorbid conditions (OR 1.64; 95% CI 1.49–1.80), and Asian adolescents (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.35–2.08) and lower in African American adolescents (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.70–0.87). Adolescents in the public or self-pay insurance category had higher odds of SII (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.27–1.64) than those in the private insurance category (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.01–1.31). Adolescents with an SII had higher odds of death than those with other injuries (OR 12.9, 95% CI 6.78–24.6).

CONCLUSIONS:

We found a significant increase in the number of SIIs by adolescents that resulted in ED visits from 2009 to 2012. Although SIIs increased, we found a significant decrease in the percentage of adolescents who self-injured with a firearm. SIIs reflect a small percentage of ED visits, but these patients have dramatically higher odds of death.
The Gating Mechanism of Mechanosensitive Channels in Droplet Interface Bilayers
Authors: Najem Joseph S. , Freeman Eric , Sukharev Sergei , Leo Donald J.
Published: June 2015

MscL, a large-conductance mechanosensitive channel, is a ubiquitous osmolyte release valve that aids bacteria in surviving abrupt hypo-osmotic shocks. The large scale of its tension-driven opening transition makes it a strong candidate to serve as a transducer in novel stimuli-responsive biomolecular materials. In the previous work, a low-threshold gain-of-function V23T mutant of MscL produced a reliable activation behavior in a droplet interface bilayer (DIB) with applied axial droplet compression. Near the maximal compression, the aqueous droplets deform and the resulting increase in surface area leads to an increase in tension in the water-lipid-oil interface. This increase in tension is the product of the relative change in the droplet surface area and the elastic modulus of the DPhPC lipid monolayer (∼120 mN/m). This paper, presents a study of the physical processes that cause MscL gating in the DIB. Analysis of video during compression and relaxation of the droplets is utilized to estimate the change in the surface area of the droplet and the variation on monolayer surface tension. The monolayer surface tension is proportional to the area change of the droplet normalized to the original surface area. The results demonstrate that the area change in the droplet is negligible at frequencies above 1 Hz, but is approximately 2% at frequencies in the range of 100 mHz. In addition, at low frequencies (∼0.2 Hz) bilayer thinning occurs at maximum compression, proving an increase in bilayer tension. However, this study also shows that gating at frequencies higher than 0.2 Hz could be achieved through the application of high duty cycle oscillation (∼75%). The relative change in monolayer area increases significantly at higher duty cycle oscillations where the compression stroke is much faster than the relaxation stroke.
Thermionic Field Emission Transport at Nanowire Schottky Barrier Contacts
Authors: Xie Kan , Hartz Steven Allen , Ayres Virginia M.
Published: June 2015

The high carrier concentrations typically reported for nanowire devices indicate that when Schottky barrier transport is present, it occurs in the thermionic field emission regime with a substantial but not exclusive tunneling component. Analysis by thermionic field emission is difficult due to its multivariate nature. In recent work, we developed a mathematical stability approach that greatly simplified the evaluation of the multivariate thermionic field emission parameters. This is a general method with potentially wide applicability, requiring only the effective mass m* and relative dielectric constant εr for a given semiconductor as inputs. In the present work, we investigate the influence of the materials properties effective mass m* and relative dielectric constant εr on stability for a range of real and simulated semiconductor nanowires. A further investigation of temperature sensitivity and regime trends is presented.
Quasi-Static Energy Transport between Nanoparticles
Authors: Panasyuk George Y. , Yerkes Kirk L.
Published: June 2015

We consider energy transfer between non-equal nanoparticles mediated by a quantum system. The nanoparticles are considered as thermal reservoirs described as ensembles of finite numbers of harmonic oscillators within the Drude-Ullersma model having mode spacings Δ1 and Δ2. Our approach is based on the generalized quantum Langevin equation. The quasi-static energy transport between the thermal reservoirs is investigated. As is shown, the double degeneracy of the mode frequencies, which occurred in the previously considered case when Δ1 = Δ2, is removed in the present case of non-equal mode spacings. Equations describing long-time (t ∼1/Δ1,2) relaxation for the mode temperatures (or the ensemble averaged mode energies) are solved and the resulting expression for the total energy current between the nanoparticles is derived and explored.
Selectively Nucleated Lateral Crystallization for a Large Single-Grained Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 on Polycrystalline-Silicon Thin-Film Transistors for System-On-Glass Applications
Authors: Park Jae Hyo , Joo Seung Ki
Published: June 2015

A single-grained Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) was successfully grown for the gate dielectric of polycrystalline-silicon (poly-Si) thin-film transistor (TFT). The total structure was MoW/PZT/HfO2/poly-Si/glass. The giant single-grained PZT was obtained by controlling the artificial nucleation formed by Pt dots in a desirable location and enlarging the nucleated seed until it covers the poly-Si channel. The single-grained diameter size was 40 μm with a (100) dominated texture. The poly-Si memory device with single-grained PZT showed an excellent ferroelectric, electrical and reliability properties comparing with poly-Si memory device with poly-grained PZT. Moreover, eliminating the grain boundary in PZT film showed the fatigue and retention characteristics with only 1.1 % after 1013 cycles and 22 % after 1 month, respectively.
Laser Ablation Synthesis in Solution of Nanoantimicrobials for Food Packaging Applications
Authors: Sportelli Maria C. , Ancona Antonio , Picca Rosaria A. , Trapani Adriana , Volpe Annalisa , Trapani Giuseppe , Cioffi Nicola
Published: June 2015

Designing bioactive materials, with controlled metal ion release, exerting significant bioactivity and associated low toxicity for humans, is nowadays one of the most important challenges for the scientific community. In this work, we propose a new material combining the well-known antimicrobial properties of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) with those of bioactive chitosan (CS), a cheap natural polymer widely exploited for its biodegradability and nontoxicity. Here, we used ultrafast femtosecond laser pulses to finely fragment, via laser ablation, a Cu solid target immersed into aqueous CS solutions. Homogeneously dispersed copper-chitosan (Cu-CS) colloids were obtained by tuning the Cu/CS molar ratios, according to the initial chitosan concentration, as well as other experimental parameters. Cu-CS colloids were characterized by several techniques, like UV-Vis and X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopies (XPS). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used to morphologically characterize the novel nanocomposites.
Sonographische Veränderungen abdominaler Lymphknoten bei Hunden mit einem malignen Lymphom
Authors: Köhler C. , Winter K. , Alef M. , Kiefer I. , Eberhardt F.
Published: June 2015

Gegenstand und Ziel: Deskriptive Beschreibung der Veränderungen abdominaler Lymphknoten bei Hunden mit malignem Lymphom und Untersuchung des Solbiati-Index (SI) sowie des Verhältnisses der Kurzachse zur Lymphknotenlänge (S:L Ratio) als Malignitätskriterien. Material und Methoden: Retrospektive Auswertung der Daten von Hunden mit einem malignen Lymphom. Einschlusskriterien waren eine zytologische oder histologische Diagnose des malignen Lymphoms und eine dokumentierte Ultraschalluntersuchung des Abdomens vor Therapieeinleitung. Als Ausschlusskriterium galt die Gabe eines Chemotherapeutikums vor der Diagnostik. Ferner wurden sonographische Bilder nicht neoplastisch veränderter abdominaler Lymphknoten mit zytologischem/histologischem Befund ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Die Auswertung umfasste 261 Lymphknoten von 127 Hunden mit einem malignen Lymphom und 17 benigne veränderte Lymphknoten von neun Hunden. Von den 127 Tieren mit einem malignen Lymphom wiesen 115 (91%) stark abgerundete, deutlich vergrößerte Lymphknoten auf, die verbleibenden 12 Tiere (9%) hatten längsoval vergrößerte Lymphknoten. Alle der 17 nicht neoplastisch veränderten Lymphknoten waren längsoval vergrößert. Das Lymphknotenparenchym von 91% der 127 Hunde zeigte sich hypobis anechogen verändert mit aufgehobener Abgrenzung von Rinde und Mark. Bei den restlichen 9% fand sich ein physiologisches Parenchym mittlerer Echogenität. Das Parenchym der Lymphknoten mit benignen Veränderungen präsentierte sich sonographisch unauffällig. Bei jeweils 71% der 127 Hunde mit malignem Lymphom ergab sich ein SI < 2 bzw. eine S:L Ratio > 0,5 (Hinweis für Malignität). Für die neun Hunde mit benigne veränderten Lymphknoten wurde zu 71% ein SI > 2 sowie eine S:L Ratio < 0,5 ermittelt (Hinweise für benigne Prozesse). Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Deutliche Größenzunahme,Abrundung und hypoechogene Veränderung der Lymphknoten bei Hunden mit einem malignen Lymphom sind hinweisende Parameter auf ein malignes Geschehen. Zusätzlich dienen der SI und die S:L Ratio zur Dignitätsbestimmung. Aufgrund der fließenden Übergänge zwischen malignen und benignen Veränderungen sollten die verschiedenen Parameter immer im Zusammenhang betrachtet werden.
Consolidated undrained load-carrying capacity of subsea mudmats under combined loading in six degrees of freedom
Authors: FENG X. , GOURVENEC S.
Published: June 2015

A generalised framework is presented for predicting the consolidated undrained capacity of rectangular mat foundations on normally consolidated soft clay under combined loading in six degrees of freedom as a function of relative preload and degree of consolidation. Consolidated undrained response is investigated by coupled small-strain finite-element analysis using the modified Cam Clay plasticity constitutive model. Increases in the load-carrying capacity of a foundation under combined loading in six degrees of freedom following vertical preload with subsequent consolidation are demonstrated and quantified. The results are presented as failure envelopes in multi-directional load space and are shown to expand proportionally as a function of degree of consolidation for a given relative preload. A methodology and a set of expressions are provided to predict the shape and size of failure envelopes for rectangular mat foundations for any degree of preloading and consolidation.
Comparison of punching shear requirements in BS 8110, EC2 and MC2010
Authors: Soares L. F. S. , Vollum R. L.
Published: June 2015

This paper compares design provisions for punching shear at internal columns in the superseded British Standard BS 8110, Eurocode 2 (EC2) and fib Model Code 2010 (MC2010). MC2010 is based on the critical shear crack theory proposed by Muttoni, which relates shear resistance to the width of the so-called ‘critical shear crack’ which depends on slab rotation. Parametric studies are presented that show BS 8110 to require significantly less shear reinforcement within 1·5d (where d is the slab effective depth) of the loaded area than EC2 and MC2010, both of which have been extensively calibrated against test data. This raises the question of whether flat slabs designed to BS 8110 have an adequate factor of safety against punching failure. This question is explored using nonlinear finite-element modelling in conjunction with MC2010 Level IV. It is shown that punching resistance at internal columns can be increased significantly by restraint from the surrounding slab but the strength increase is variable and, in the case of uniformly loaded slabs, already largely included in BS 8110 and EC2.
Notas sobre teología política en el Reino de Asturias: la inscripción del altar de Santa María de Naranco (Oviedo) y el testamento de Alfonso II
Authors: García de Castro Valdés César
Published: June 2015

A partir del análisis de fuentes y comparativo del texto de la inscripción del altar procedente de Santa María de Naranco (Oviedo), el trabajo desarrolla una hipótesis de interpretación de las razones de la redacción de esta inscripción. A la vez, examinando el documento conocido como testamento de Alfonso II, se traza una vía de aproximación a la teología política subyacente en los reinados de Alfonso II (791-842) y Ramiro I (842-850), proyectándola contra el trasfondo europeo coetáneo.
Unas “costumbres” sobre la acequia de Aynadamar del Alcaide Pedro de Padilla
Authors: Cruces Blanco Esther
Published: June 2015

La incorporación de normas jurídicas nazaríes a las ordenanzas concejiles castellanas fue frecuente en diversos aspectos y, especialmente, en el relacionado con el riego. La recuperación de estos retazos del derecho nazarí, a través de documentos posteriores, es el objetivo de este estudio: el análisis de unas “costumbres” para el riego del reinado de Abu al-Hasan Ali, empleadas, en parte, por el concejo de la ciudad de Granada.
Frontera pionera, monarquía en expansión y formación de los concejos de villa y tierra
Authors: Monsalvo Antón José María
Published: June 2015

Constituyeron los llamados concejos de villay- tierra durante los siglos XI al XIII formas específicas de reclutar milicias guerreras, de conquistar territorios y de combatir a los musulmanes. Constituyeron asimismo una forma de apropiación del espacio y de creación de riqueza urbana y rural. Pero aquí no se va a tratar, por lo menos de forma directa -evidentemente todo ello está conectado-, de los concejos como formas de hacer la guerra, de colonizar espacios, de producir bienes materiales.
Formación y articulación de un concejo fronterizo: Jaén en el Siglo XIII
Authors: Alcázar Hernández Eva Mª
Published: June 2015

En el presente artículo exponemos nuestro análisis de la fase inicial de instauración en el Alto Guadalquivir de uno de los concejos de realengo peor conocidos de todo el ámbito castellano bajomedieval, el que construyeron los cristianos en torno a Jaén, una vez que la ciudad cae en su poder, a principios del año 1246.
Una sociedad rural en el Mediterráneo medieval: el mundo agrícola nazarí
Authors: Eiroa Rodríguez Jorge A.
Published: June 2015

La doctora Trillo San José, profesora de Historia Medieval de la Universidad de Granada, nos tiene acostumbrados a abordar viejos problemas históricos desde novedosas perspectivas. Es suficiente recordar algunos trabajos en los que ha analizado las transformaciones derivadas de la repoblación cristiana y la formación de los señoríos castellanos en los territorios del antiguo reino de Granada, como La Alpujarra antes y después de la conquista castellana (Granada, 1994; tema posteriormente abordado en otros estudios más concretos como “Una nueva sociedad, un nuevo paisaje: los señoríos castellanos de la frontera nororiental del Reino de Granada”, en Aragón en la Edad Media. Homenaje a la Profesora Carmen Orcástegui Gros, XIV-XV, Zaragoza, 1999, pp. 1545- 1564; o “El paisaje vegetal en la Granada islámica y sus transformaciones tras la conquista castellana”, en Historia Agraria, 17, Murcia, 1999, pp. 131-152), la edición del Libro de los Repartimientos de Loja (II) (Granada, 1999) o la reciente coordinación del volumen Asentamientos rurales y territorio en el Mediterráneo Medieval (Granada, 2002)
Las cuevas de Giribaile: nuevas aportaciones para el estudio del poblamiento eremítico en Andalucía Oriental
Authors: Gutiérrez Soler Luis María , Rueda Galán Carmen , Beatriz Luna Mercedes , Díaz García María José
Published: June 2015

Este artículo recoge los trabajos realizados en el año 2001 en la Zona Arqueológica de Giribaile (Vilches, Jaén) centrados en la documentación de un conjunto eremítico, de carácter rupestre, así como una necrópolis asociada a este poblamiento.
Distribución y asentamientos de tribus bereberes (Imazighen) en el territorio emeritense en época emiral (S. VIII-X)
Authors: Franco Moreno Bruno
Published: June 2015

Pese a la escasa atención que esta franja del Occidente de Al-Andalus recibe en las fuentes historiográficas árabes durante el periodo emiral, algunas permiten constatar un claro predominio del elemento humano beréber sobre el árabe, como podemos apreciar en las sucesivas revueltas y enfrentamientos que durante todo el siglo IX/III estas tribus mantienen contra los emires cordobeses, el reino astur-leonés y los grupos de población muladí. Buena muestra de ello ha quedado reflejado en los topónimos de algunas poblaciones actuales de Extremadura, y en asentamientos abandonados que vienen a coincidir con los descritos en los textos de viajeros, geógrafos, historiadores y alfaquíes musulmanes.
Una necesaria revisión de las cerámicas andalusíes halladas en Italia
Authors: Azuar Rafael
Published: June 2015

Transcurridos más de veinte años desde la publicación de la monumental investigación sobre los "bacini" de las iglesias de Pisa y más de cinco desde que la profesora G. Berti publicara su última revisión y actualización sobre las importaciones andalusíes. Es necesaria una revisión de los diversos centros de producción de las cerámicas provenientes de al-Andalus y de sus cronologías.
Una ciudad de la Marca Media: Vascos (Toledo)
Authors: Izquierdo Benito Ricardo
Published: June 2015

Los restos del yacimiento conocido como Vascos corresponden a una pequeña ciudad de la Marca Media de al-Andalus, de la que no se tienen referencias escritas, aunque se han conservado importantes restos arquitectónicos. Los resultados de las excavaciones arqueológicas que se han desarrollado en el lugar durante varios años permiten establecer, como hipótesis, el sentido de la fundación de esta ciudad, y lo que pudo haber sido su evolución cronológica.
Aproximación al estudio de la cerámica emiral del arrabal de Saqunda (Qurtuba, Córdoba)
Authors: Casal Mª Teresa , Castro Elena , López Rosa , Salinas Elena
Published: June 2015

Durante la I.A.U. desarrollada en los años 2001–2002 se localizó parte del primer arrabal emiral de Qurtuba (finales s. VIII – inicios s. IX d.C.), mencionado en los textos literarios como el arrabal de ﬁaqunda o al-rabad. El copioso material cerámico recogido junto a su buen estado de conservación, ha permitido realizar un primer análisis para aproximarnos a la vajilla que utilizaron sus habitantes durante los primeros momentos de la ocupación islámica.
A propósito de “Una necesaria revisión de las cerámicas andalusíes halladas en Italia”
Authors: Berti Graziella , García Porras Alberto
Published: June 2015

El presente trabajo surge como respuesta a algunos estudios previos de Rafael Azuar que ponían en tela de juicio las dataciones aportadas por los denominados bacini, piezas cerámicas utilizadas en la decoración de algunos edificios, generalmente religiosos, en Italia, y en concreto las referidas a materiales procedentes de al-Andalus. Los autores comienzan explicando los argumentos que permiten sostener la veracidad de estas cronologías, ypasan revisión de manera exhaustiva a los numerosos materiales que procedentes de al-Andalus fueron utilizados como bacini, haciendo especialhincapié en la cronología que proporcionan y en las fundamentos en los que ésta se sustenta.
Nuevos datos acerca de la inscripción califal atribuída al Castillo de Baños de la Encina (Jaén)
Authors: Canto García Alberto , Rodríguez Casanova Isabel
Published: June 2015

El artículo propone una nueva atribución para el epígrafe califal asignado al castillo de Baños de la Encina (Jaén), situando su procedencia en Talavera de la Reina (Toledo), a tenor de la documentación depositada en la Real Academia de la Historia.
Arqueología e investigación del urbanismo islámico en las ciudades andaluzas:
Authors: Rodríguez Temiño Ignacio
Published: June 2015

Este trabajo trata sobre la gestión de la arqueología urbana. Especialmente se analiza su incidencia sobre el conocimiento de la etapa islámica en las ciudades andaluzas. Se ha dividido en dos partes: en la primera se ofrece una visión sobre el desarrollo de las políticas referidas al patrimonio arqueológico y, especialmente, sobre el índice de excavaciones arqueológicas publicadas en relación con el monto de las ejecutadas en Andalucía. En la segunda, se hacen consideraciones sobre el debate en torno al nacimiento de las ciudades islámicas y de qué forma se han establecido interpretaciones sobre datos arqueológicos que no siempre son muy fiables.
Decadencia y desaparición de los almorávides en España
Authors: Trillo San José Carmen
Published: June 2015

Mª Jesús Viguera Molins realiza la edición, introducción y estudio de la obra de Francisco Codera y Zaidín Decadencia y desaparición de los almorávides en España, publicada en la editorial navarra Urgoiti editores, en 2004. La primera vez que el libro del insigne arabista veía la luz era en mayo de 1899, suedición ahora ha requerido una actualización ortográfica y de puntuación, así como la inclusión en notas de ciertas referencias a ilustraciones que aparecen como apéndice en el texto. La obra de Codera ha sido completada con índices onomástico y toponímico, cuya labor ha corrido a cargo de María José Díaz Carrillo, licenciada en Filología Arabe de la Universidad Complutense.
Riccardo Francovich:
Authors: Olmo Enciso Laura , Gutiérrez Lloret Sonia , Quirós Castillo Juan Antonio , Malpica Cuello Antonio
Published: June 2015

El inicio del pasado mes de abril sacudió a la arqueología europea con la muerte, defendiendo el patrimonio histórico, de Riccardo Francovich. Personajefundamental para entender la arqueología medieval de nuestro continente, impulsó desde ella una teorización y aplicación práctica sobre la puesta en valor yla función social del patrimonio. Hizo de la Universidad de Siena un referente y un modelo a partir de una concepción de la arqueología y patrimonio, un punto de encuentro y debate interdisciplinar. Fundó revistas como Archeologia Medievale referente no sólo de la arqueología medieval europea, sino de una forma deconcebir la arqueología como el estudio de espacios históricos socialmente concebidos, y Archeologia e Calcolatori, siendo uno de los primeros que entendió la transcendencia que la aplicación de las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información tenían en el campo del patrimonio histórico. Preocupado por incidir en la función social de la arqueología impulsó los aspectos pedagógicos de ésta a través de la creación de un sistema de parques arqueológicos en Toscana que, en estos tiempos de eclosión y peligrosa banalización de esta figura, se alza como un esencial modelo formativo sobre nuestra Memoria y como un proyecto al servicio del disfrute ciudadano
Renacimiento, apogeo y declive de Tuscolo en el medioevo:
Authors: Beolchini Valeria
Published: June 2015

Partiendo de los resultados obtenidos en las sucesivas excavaciones arqueológicas que desde el año 1994 la Escuela Española de Historia y Arqueología en Roma ha llevado a cabo en el asentamiento hoy abandonado de Tuscolo, el artículo intenta reconstruir la fisonomía originaria de la ciudad en época medieval. Las excavaciones han suministrado muchos elementos útiles para reconstruir las dinámicas de desarrollo urbanístico del yacimiento entre los siglos XI y XII, hasta su destrucción final acaecida el 17 de abril de 1191,  y en particular han puesto de relieve las diferentes modalidades de ocupación del área en los años de dominio tusculano (finales del siglo X- segunda mitad del siglo XII) y en los años posteriores al abandono de la ciudad por parte del potente linaje aristocrático, cuando Tuscolo pasó bajo el control pontificio. El trabajo de investigación se ha planteado a partir de una lectura cruzada de los datos arqueológicos y de las fuentes histórico-documentales disponibles, con el objetivo de comprender el papel desempeñado enel territorio lacial por esta importante ciudad, rival en muchas ocasiones de la propia Roma en la historia socio-económica y política de la época.