bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O-158 OSH/COVID 19 RESPONSE PROGRAMMES IN FOOD MARKETS: THE BULAWAYO EXPERIENCE
Authors: Yalala Nonhlanhla Ndhlovu
Published: July 2024

Background

The informal sector in Zimbabwe has grown by large proportions in recent years. Everyone at one time or another can be an informal sector worker. The Covid 19 pandemic has worsened the plight of workers in this sector. It is against this background that an OSH and Covid 19 response programme was initiated.

Objective

The programme sought to strengthen OSH provisions and alleviate the impact of Covid 19 on the work environments of these workers.

Method

The programme used a participatory approach where the workers, their representatives, the Local Authority, and some government departments collaborated. The workers highlighted their problems and how they would like these solved. 2 food market sites were chosen for the programme. A needs assessment was conducted through focused group discussions (FGDs using a questionnaire) with the workers and their representatives. The findings from these were used to formulate interventions.

Findings

The workers highlighted that workstations were not ergonomically friendly, erratic water supply, dirty sanitary facilities, there were no waste bins available making waste management nearly impossible, there was no social protection benefits provided, they had not received any OSH training and they had little access to PPC/E considering Covid 19.

Conclusion

The programme sought to provide water, to redesign their workstations, provided waste management facilities, OSH training was conducted and Covid 19 prevention methods such as Infrared thermometers, face masks, sanitisers were provided to them. It was also noted that this should be an ongoing programme in the informal sector.
P-280 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CONCERNS AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED FOOD AND BAG MANUFACTURING BUSINESSES IN INDONESIA: OWNERS AND EMPLOYEES PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Maharani Cynthia , Casteel Carri , Rohlman Diane , Afifi Rima , Fethke Nathan , Baker Kelly
Published: July 2024

Introductions

Small and medium sized businesses (SMBs) serve as the world’s economic engine due to their essential contributions in providing employment and revenue in almost every part of the world, including in Indonesia. The most recent data reported that there were more than 800,000 SMBs in Indonesia which employed 8 million people. One of the sectors that contributed highest to the Indonesia’s economy is manufacturing, including food and bag manufacturing. However, little is known about occupational safety and health (OSH) concerns among these businesses.

Methods

This qualitative study utilized in-depth interviews to describe OSH concerns among small and medium sized food and bag manufacturing owners and employees. All the businesses located in Bogor City, West Java province. The coding process utilized Dedoose.

Results

Findings showed most business owners prioritized productivity over employees’ safety. Most employees rarely report their OSH related concerns to the owners and believed they were being responsible for their own health and safety at work.

Discussion

Aligned with prior studies, owners and employees had casual relationships that put the employees to appreciate the owners. When injury happened, employees believed it was their fault and nothing could be done to prevent it. Most employees mentioned, ‘I just need to be more careful.’

Conclusion

‘Family-like’ relationships between the business owners and employees may affect how the employees chose to not report OSH related concerns to the owners. Business owners may need basic OSH trainings to provide them guidance on how to implement OSH in their workplaces.
P-289 REFORMING WORKER COMPENSATION INSURANCE: INCLUSION OF FOREIGN DOMESTIC WORKERS AND CAREGIVERS FROM TAIWANESE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Chen Ping Hui
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Taiwan’s worker compensation insurance has been criticized for inadequate coverage. Not all employees are eligible for insurance. Since May, 2022, Taiwan’s worker compensation insurance has been reformed, which provided wider coverage with better protection.

Methods

To investigate the impact of Taiwan’s worker compensation insurance reform, we carry out both qualitative and quantitative analysis. We compare insurance eligibility and insurance benefits before and after the reform, and the potential impact is discussed. To validate these potential effects, using released data from Taiwan’s worker compensation insurance, we compare insured persons, incidence of occupational injuries and illness before and after the reform.

Results

After the reform, all employers are required to provide worker compensation insurance to their employees. Discontinuity regression analysis shows that the number of insured employees increases significantly by time (about 16600 employees/month) and increases once after the reform (about 160000 employees), which is explained by the inclusion of foreign domestic workers and caregivers. However, their occupation injuries and diseases still rarely get compensated. The incidence rate ratios of their occupational injuries and diseases are only 0.09 (0.07-0.11) and 0.03-0.08, compared with workers from the same industry category and workers with the same gender and age. However, discontinuity regression analysis also shows that their occupation injuries and diseases get compensated more, significantly by time.

Conclusion

After the reform, more employees are insured by worker compensation insurance, majorly by inclusion of foreign domestic workers and caregivers. However, we have to overcome more obstacles to ensure their occupation injuries and diseases are fully compensated.
P-292 WORKING CONDITIONS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN WASTE RECYCLERS, JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Naicker Nisha , Richard Dumisani , Keretetse Goitsemang
Published: July 2024

Introduction

South Africa has established various buy-back centres to aid in the recycling of created waste as a response to the rapid growth in waste generated. Previous research has indicated that the recyclers that sort waste are at higher risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). The purpose of the study is to evaluate the working environments and prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal disorders among waste recyclers at buy-back facilities.

Methods

A cross-sectional quantitative study design was used to randomly sample 160 participants from ten buy back centers. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, workplace exposures and health outcomes.

Results

Frequencies were used to describe the study population and risk factors for MSDs were identified using logistic regression (crude and adjusted OR) at a significance level of < 0.05. The prevalence of MSDs among waste recyclers was 29.38% (n=47). There were statistically significant differences among participants with and without MSDs for the following factors: gender, education, lifting of heavy objects and injuries due to motor vehicle accidents at work. Multivariate analysis showed waste recyclers with work shift of 8-9 hours per day: (OR:1.36: 1.07-1.74) and 10+ hours (OR:1.50: 1.04-21.5), and those who did not report unsafe working conditions (OR:1.44: 1.10-1.88) were more likely to suffer from MSDs.

Discussions

Limitations included the cross-sectional nature of the study and the small sample size.

Conclusion

The study has highlighted the increased risk of occupational working conditions and the effect on health of waste recyclers and points out the need for mechanization of buy-back centres to prevent MSDs.
O-161 BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF GLYPHOSATE EXPOSURE AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT AMONG KNAPSACK SPRAYERS IN THAILAND
Authors: Chaiklieng Sunisa , Uengchuen Kodchakorn
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide that has been extensively used worldwide in weed control for agricultural purposes. Its health risk to sprayers is rising as the use of glyphosate increases. This study aimed to investigate the sprayers’ exposure to glyphosate by analyzing the glyphosate biomarker from spot urine biological monitoring and health risk assessment.

Methods

Urine samples were collected from glyphosate sprayers in Nam Phong district, Khon Kaen province, Thailand, after spraying. For glyphosate exposure, the concentration in urine was determined using the proposed DLLME-HPLC with a UV detector. The human health risk was estimated by the margin of exposure (MOE) calculation and the biomatrix health risk assessment based on glyphosate biomarkers.

Results

The calibration curve for glyphosate was linear in the range of 0.4-100 µg/L, while the limit of detection and quantification were 0.1 µg/L and 0.4 µg/L, respectively. It was found that the internal dose ranged from 0.133 x10-3 - 2.213 x10-3 µg/kg b.w./day. The MOE and MOE of cancer indicated that there were no potential health concerns associated with the risk. A good correlation between risk levels from likelihood of exposure calculated from glyphosate and personal protective equipment (PPE) usage and the biomatrix of health risk assessment based on the glyphosate concentration was found (r = 0.854, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Although a low risk was revealed among sprayers, proper PPE use and application of knowledge are required. The simplified health risk assessment matrix can be used for easy self-risk assessment in preventive action regarding health risk awareness among sprayers.
P-296 DDT WATER CONTAMINATION AND THE IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY ACCESS IN AFRICA IN RELATION TO HUMAN HEALTH RISKS
Authors: Makgoba Lethabo , Abrams Amber , Dalvie Mohamed Aqiel
Published: July 2024

Introduction

DDT usage is prohibited in developed nations but exempted for malaria vector control in several developing countries. Pollution of water systems from DDT applications is a significant human health risk for exposed workers and communities but no review has been conducted before in Africa.

Methods

The study reviewed available research investigating the levels of DDT residues in water sources in Africa and assessed the consequent human health risks. A scoping review of published studies conducted in Africa was facilitated through a search using 4 databases.

Results

A total of 20 studies in 10 African countries were reviewed. DDT residues were detected in several surface and ground water sources and municipal supplies including drinking water, with levels ranging between 0- 81. µg/l, 35% exceeding the Word Health Organisation drinking water guideline (1 µg/l). DDT residues were detected throughout the year but were higher during the rainy season. A cancer risk from DDT was found in 2 out of 5 studies that conducted health risk assessments, both investigating drinking water.

Discussion

As in other developing countries, limited data is available in Africa.

Conclusion

Evidence of human health risks was found as the concentration of DDT residues exceeded drinking water guidelines and/or cancer risk permissible limits in several drinking sources in African water systems. Alternative methods for malaria vector control should be investigated. Larger studies that include risk assessments and seasonal monitoring of DDT residues in multiple water sources are recommended.
O-171 ANALYSIS OF SAFETY DATA SHEETS (SDS) FOR CLEANING AND DISINFECTING PRODUCTS USED IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Charioui Souad
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The SDS is an informational document with a formalized content, divided into 16 sections. The purpose of this study is to check the conformity of the SDSs for each chemical product, used for cleaning and disinfection in a food processing company, and to analyze the information they contain.

Methods

The occupational medical service conducted an inventory of these chemical products and their SDSs in May 2023. All the SDSs were analyzed and compared to the standard SDS format and content. We focused on the medical data, that is most relevant to the user’s health.

Results

Eight chemicals were listed. SDSs available for only 7 Products. The form and content are not conforming for some of them. The first aid measures mentioned in section 4 of some SDSs can have serious consequences; they are missing in only one hazardous product data sheet. The personal protection mentioned in section 8 contradicts the hazard and protection statements for one product.

Discussion

Our study is consistent with other similar studies, in that SDSs are not formally compliant and the content of certain headings is missing, incorrect or incomplete.

Conclusion

The SDS is an important means of managing chemical risk in the workplace. It is essential for the occupational physician to request SDSs for chemical products with which workers come into contact, and to read them with an analytical eye in order to provide relevant advice if incorrect or incomplete information is found that could mislead workers.
O-178 PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF EATING DISORDERS AMONG WORKERS FROM AN ELECTRICITY COMPANY
Authors: Sellami Imen , Abbes Anwar , Hrairi Anouare , Ghrab Mohamed Anis , Meska Ahmed , Hammami Kaouthar Jmal , Hajjaji Mounira , Masmoudi Mohamed Larbi
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Investigating eating disorders among workers is crucial for addressing this health concern in an occupational setting. This study examines the occurrence and factors contributing to eating disorders among employees of an electricity company.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among employees of an electricity company using a self-administered questionnaire. Socio-professional characteristics were collected, and eating disorders were screened using the Eating Disorder Screen for Primary Care (ESP), while anxiety and stress were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Results

We enrolled 497 workers, with a mean age of 42.2 ± 11.1 years, and 381 were male (76.7%). The average job tenure was 15.2 ± 10.8 years. Among participants, 44.7% engaged in physical activities, and 44.1% were smokers. Using the ESP, 40.6% exhibited eating disorders. Regarding anxiety, 12.5% had signs of anxiety. In terms of depression, 69 presented symptoms of depression (13.9%). Eating disorder scores were significantly higher among females (p=0.03). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between depression and ESP score.

Discussion

The findings highlight substantial rates of eating disorders, anxiety, and depression among electricity company workers. Addressing eating disorders, anxiety, and depression necessitates targeted interventions, including mental health support, stress management, and gender-sensitive strategies.

Conclusion

This study underscores significant rates of eating disorders, anxiety, and depression among electricity company employees. Effective interventions should encompass mental health support, stress management, and gender-sensitive approaches.
O-179 GLUTEN-FREE TREND CAUSES OCCUPATIONAL RHINITIS, ASTHMA AND DERMATITIS AMONG BAKERS DUE TO MORE UNUSUAL EXPOSURE – HOW TO TACKLE THIS EMERGING PROBLEM?
Authors: Jungewelter Soile
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Baker’s rhinitis and asthma caused by inhaled cereal flours are among the most common and well-known occupational diseases. Lately, gluten-free or vegan diets have increased in popularity and bakers’ allergens are changing in parallel.

Methods

We created an information sheet for the workplaces with practical advice on preventive measures.

Results

Systemic preventive measures may include easy-to-clean surfaces and sufficient cleaning of workplaces to minimize exposure to dust. Technical measures might include use of local- or area-based exhaust ventilation and dust removal via air filtration. Technical measures need to be planned according to the nature of baking work and the requirements of individual workplaces. Organizational measures should include health and safety information dissemination to workers and training to promote safe working habits. Personal protective measures are focused on clothing, gloves, and respiratory protection, which must be made available at the workplace with workers instructed in their proper use. However, wearing respiratory protection with particulate filters for allergen protection can be difficult due to the working environment, where fine dusts, high temperatures, humidity, physical burden, or food hygiene regulations may all be problematic for their use.

Discussion

Education in identifying important allergens, their avoidance and handling, and early signs of allergy is important. Accurate and timely identification of vegan or gluten-free baker’s allergies may effectively prevent severe and generalized symptoms due to inadvertent exposure.

Conclusion

It is important to recognize that contemporary baking may expose to unusual allergens such as buckwheat or psyllium and to consider all these allergens when a work-related disease is suspected.
O-181 ETHICAL CHALLENGES: THAI PHYSICIANS’ ENCOUNTERS IN OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE PRACTICE
Authors: Ekpanyaskul Chatchai
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The aim of this pilot study was to explore the ethical challenges in terms of attitudes and encounters with ethical issues in occupational medicine (OM) during clinical practice among Thai physicians.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2018 to 2020, and gathered data from Thai physicians who attended a 2-month short course on upskilling in OM. A self-administered questionnaire included demographic information, attitudes, and experiences related to ethics in OM during clinical practice, as well as approaches to ethical dilemmas in a mock case study.

Results

Out of the 295 respondents who completed the questionnaire, 107 physicians(36.3 %) reported ever struggling with ethical problems during their OM practice. The primary source of conflict often stemmed from employers, and the majority sought resolution by consulting experts. The top three ethical issues they faced were managing worker health check-ups, diagnosing occupational diseases, and evaluating fitness for work, respectively. About 48.1% of all respondents felt that OM practice should have higher ethical knowledge and skills compared to other fields, and 83.1% expressed a need for training in ethical decision-making.

Discussion

Regarding the evaluation of mock cases, the principles of ethics in terms of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice are considered, with their relevance varying based on the specific situation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study is the first report on current ethical practices in OM among Thai physicians. The findings could serve as a valuable resource for designing OM training programs in ethics and for supporting decision-making during challenging dilemma situations in their clinical practice.
P-306 AN EXPLORATION OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE LIVER FIBROSIS INDEX IN THE WORKING-AGE POPULATION AND BLOOD HEAVY METAL
Authors: Yu Su-Hsuan , Dai Chia-Yen , Chuang Hung-Yi , Ho Chi-Kung
Published: July 2024

Introduction and Objective

One of the death causes among the working-age population in Taiwan is chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, which could potentially progress into liver cancer. Liver cirrhosis was the progressive change of fibrosis, which was related with metal exposure and stored in the liver. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the liver fibrosis and the blood heavy metals of the working-age population in Taiwan.

Methods

We used data from individuals aged 15 to 64 who have undergone health checks. Based on the liver fibrosis index, FIB-4, the subjects were divided into two groups, those with and without liver fibrosis. The association between the FIB-4 and the concentration of heavy metals in plasma was analyzed statistically and graphically by the generalized additive models.

Results

From the regression analysis, we found a significant negative correlation between blood zinc and the FIB-4; furthermore, a significant positive correlation of FIB-4 with blood lead concentration. That is, higher levels of blood zinc are associated with lower levels of liver fibrosis, while the opposite was found for blood lead. These correlations persisted even after adjusting for other potential confounding factors, indicating that zinc provides a clear protective effect against liver fibrosis, while lead may promote its pro-gression.

Discussion and Conclusion

The study suggested that exposure to certain harmful heavy metals and deficiencies in essential elements may be related to the development of liver fibrosis in the working-age population. In the future, mechanism investigation were needed to understand clearly the potential impact of heavy metal exposure and liver damage.
P-311 NOISE RISK ASSESSMENT AND HEARING HEALTH OF EMPLOYEES IN A WATER PRODUCTION COMPANY IN GABON
Authors: Mikponhoue Rose , Olou Rose Christelle Mikponhoue
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Exposure to noise in the workplace is likely to affect workers’ health. In Gabon, a study carried out at a water production plant aimed to measure noise levels and assess the hearing status of exposed employees.

Material and methods

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over a one-month period at the plant. It focused on technical staff working in the plant, in contact with noisy machines. Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter, and each exposed worker underwent otoscopy and audiogram. The data were analyzed using EPI DATA3.1 software.

Results

A total of 54 agents, including two females, were included. The mean age was 42.3 + 4.2 years [24-59 years]. The average working day was 8 hours, and the average length of service was 13.23 years. Noise mapping in the machine rooms showed noise levels ranging from 85.7 to 107 dBA; the supervisory room had a noise level of 68 dB A. Personal protective equipment. was not worn systematically. Tinnitus (40.7%) and sleep disturbance (24.1%) were the most common symptoms. No otoscopy was pathological. The incidence of hearing loss was 11.1%. No occupational deafness had been identified.

Discussion and Conclusion

Noise levels in the technical rooms were high, requiring corrective action and insistence on the effective wearing of personal protective equipment. Key words: Noise risk, hearing health, water production company, Gabon
P-312 PRATI: A PROJECT TO DESCRIBE AND PREVENT OCCUPATIONAL INFECTIONS IN ITALY
Authors: Mattioli Stefano , Murgia Nicola , Curti Stefania , Ballarin Maria Nicoletta , Cecchino Caterina Tonia , De Palma Giuseppe , Dini Guglielmo , Dore Stefania , Durando Paolo , Mancini Gianpiero , Rosa Milena , Talini Donatella , Campo Giuseppe , Papale Adriano , Leva Antonio
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In Italy, the impact of SARS-CoV2 pandemic on workers’ health in public and private companies has highlighted the absence of a correct description of the epidemiological features of occupational infections. The objective of the project called PRATI (Progetto di Ricerca Attiva delle

Tecnopatie Infettive - Project for the Active Research of the Occupational Infections) is to activate an Italian network in which different structures (Local Health Authorities, Occupational Medicine clinics and consultation centres in Hospitals and/or Universities, National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work namely INAIL) collaborate to develop a system for monitoring occupational infections and evaluating their associated risk factors.

Methods

The network will experience forms of active research of work-related infectious diseases, and will collect data on risk factors, including organizational and management ones, based on workplace site inspections, as well. The major source of data will come from notified occupational diseases and accidents. Other useful data will be collected from notifications of specific infectious diseases, mandatory for public health reasons. Anonymised data will be centralized at INAIL. The effectiveness of the activities promoted by the network will be evaluated using interrupted time series.

Results

The activation of the PRATI network will allow the systematic collection of data related to occupational infections or work-related accidents at risk of infection.

Discussion and Conclusion

Data collection and analysis from the PRATI project will facilitate the identification of possible critical issues in the workplace protection system and therefore the planning of specific interventions in areas and sectors at risk.
P-320 WHAT DOES A LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL KNOW ABOUT THE PREVALENCE OF OCCUPATIONALLY-RELATED MEDICAL CONDITIONS? EXPERIMENTS WITH SYNTHETIC AND REAL OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE DATA
Authors: Johnson Mark William
Published: July 2024

Introduction

We report on experiments with Large Language Models (LLM) to generate synthetic data around occupationally-related medical conditions in a variety of industrial settings.

Methods and Results

A LLM was programmed to generate 10000 records giving accounts of fictitious patients working in a variety of industrial settings with a range of randomised parameters concerning worker characteristics (e.g. age, sex, underlying conditions, type of activity, etc). The generated text was then coded by AI to determine what AI “thought” were the likely clinical outcomes. This data was then compared to the general prevalence of different medical conditions. A second experiment was conducted with historical data from the Health and Occupational Research network at Manchester University (THOR). LLMs were able to extrapolate underlying factors within the data providing contextual richness to the existing case records. Both these experiments result in realistic accounts, and we show how LLMs tend to reflect the prevalence of conditions.

Discussion and Conclusion

Given that an LLM is an AI tool which predicts text based on “training” derived the relationships between words in a vast corpus of text on the internet, these experiments raise a fundamental question as to what LLMs “know” about the prevalence of occupational medical conditions: indeed, how much knowledge about occupational medicine might be encoded in the structures of language? We suggest that the study of LLMs in this way might be an additional tool not only for identifying, predicting and mitigating risk, but for assisting in the identification of new sentinal cases.
P-323 A CASE REPORT OF OCCUPATIONAL TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS IN A PREGNANT NURSE
Authors: Puspitasari Agustina
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Tuberculous meningitis manifests extrapulmonary TB caused by the seeding of the meninges with the bacilli of Mycobacterium TB. HCWs are identified as being at high risk for the disease.

Method

This article presents a case of 28-year-old pregnant nurse with tuberculous meningitis and hydrocephalus. This case was confirmed with 7 steps to establish occupational disease.

Discussion

Step 1. Clinical diagnosis was Tuberculous meningitis with hydrocephalus that was confirmed at January, 4rd,2023 and pregnant at 2 February, 2023. Step 2. The hazards at the internal medicine ward was found Mycobacterium TB. Step 3. There is strong evidence based about relation between clinical diagnosis and exposure at the workplace. TB is a known occupational hazard for HCWs especially in countries with a high burden of TB. It is estimated that HCWs have a 2 to 3 fold increased risk of developing TB compared with the general population. In this cases she was contact with 2 TB patients with MTB positive in one month before. The ward was not an negative pressure room and she only used surgical mask and handscoon when contact with patient. Step 4. There is no minimal dose for biology exposure Step 5. Individual factor in this patient are pregnancy with hyperemesis gravidarum, gastritis, HNP Step 6. Factors outside work: one of patient’s children child was confirmed TB after close contact scrining Step 7. We conclude as Occupational Tuberculous Meningitis.

Conclusion

Occupational Tuberculous Meningitis was confirmed with 7 steps to establish occupational disease.
P-325 ISSUES WITH INITIAL MEDICAL CERTIFICATES FOR OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS
Authors: Sellami Imen , Feki Afef , Rmadi Nehla , Kotti Nada , Abbes Anwar , Tah Marieme , Meska Ahmed , Masmoudi Mohamed Larbi , Hammami Kaouthar Jmal , Hajjaji Mounira
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The responsibility of physicians in documenting occupational accidents (OAs) is crucial for the compensation of victims. The Initial Medical Certificate (IMC) serves as a primary document for this purpose. This study assesses the compliance of collected IMCs with best practice recommendations.

Methods

A descriptive retrospective study encompassed all IMCs issued post-OAs, sourced from medical expertise records, evaluating both form and content adherence.

Results

Among 107 collected certificates, most victims were middle-aged men (average age: 38.85 years). The construction and public works sector (24.3%) and services (15.9%) were the most represented. Slipping (20.6%) and carrying heavy objects (17.8%) were the leading mechanisms of OAs, with the lumbar spine (38.3%) being the predominant injury site. Notably, 42% of certificates were unreadable, and only 12.4% included the patient’s identity card number. While the accident date was present in 97.2% of cases, clinical examination details and accident circumstances were largely absent.

Discussion

Addressing deficiencies in IMC documentation necessitates collaboration between healthcare providers and legal authorities to establish standardized reporting protocols for OAs. Furthermore, enhancing the quality and effectiveness of IMCs requires ongoing medical training programs in medicolegal practices. These efforts are crucial to ensure equitable compensation processes for OA victims and promote workplace safety.

Conclusion

The study unveiled deficiencies in IMC quality, possibly stemming from a lack of medicolegal training among physicians. Reinforcing best practice guidelines and enhancing collaboration between healthcare and legal entities are essential steps to improve IMC documentation, ultimately benefiting OA victims and the legal system.
P-327 CAN WORKING IN A WATER-PUMPING STATION CAUSE PLEURAL MESOTHELIOMA?
Authors: Jlassi Olfa , Ayadi Abir , Triki Amira , Magroun Imene
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Pleural mesothelioma is a rare cancer with various risk factors dominated by the inhalation of asbestos fibers. We illustrate the case of mesothelioma diagnosed after retirement to discuss his occupational etiology.

Methods

This case report presents a patient diagnosed with mesothelioma. He was referred due to suspicion of an occupational origin for his illness. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted including a detailed examination of his occupational history.

Results

A 65-year-old male, smoker, with a family history of lung cancer and no significant medical history. He presented with a chronic dry cough, shortness of breath, and unexplained weight loss. Chest X-ray showed a left pleural effusion and an abnormal shadow in the right lung field. CT-scan showed pleural thickening and multiple enhanced nodules in the right pleural cavity. The diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma was confirmed by pleural biopsy. The occupational investigation revealed that he had been employed as a pipe fitter and welder at a water-pumping station for 18-years and that he had been exposed to asbestos fibers while carrying out welding tasks involving asbestos cement-based pipes. Pleural mesothelioma has been declared as an occupational disease.

Discussion

Working in a water-pumping station is not typically considered a direct cause of pleural mesothelioma. Exposure to occupational carcinogens needs an exhaustive investigation.

Conclusion

Most cases of pleural mesothelioma have been linked to asbestos exposure in the workplace. The occupational physician has a crucial role in identifying carcinogens even when exposure is distant.
P-328 COVID-19: LONG-TERM WORK PRODUCTIVITY AND ACTIVITY IMPAIRMENT AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS
Authors: Omrane Amira , Harrathi Chayma , Mighri Mouna , Khalfallah Taoufik
Published: July 2024

Introduction and Objective

To assess the long-term consequences of covid-19 infection on the work productivity of health care workers (HCWs) at Tahar Sfar University Hospital during the first wave of COVID-19.

Methods

This is an exhaustive cross-sectional study. It was performed among hospital staff with confirmed COVID-19 infection at Tahar Sfar University Hospital during the first wave of COVID-19. A well-designed questionnaire was widely distributed among infected health professionals. The questionnaire identified the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, acute COVID-19 symptoms, comorbidities (diabetes), risk factors, and associated conditions. For post-acute COVID-19 conditions, the validated The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire-General Health (WPAI-GH) scale was used:

Results

The total number of completed and returned questionnaires was 109 (15.13%). The WPAI scale showed high rates of presenteeism and lost productivity in the workplace, in addition to a significant percentage of absenteeism. Among the symptoms of acute COVID-19 illness, three, in particular, increased the risk of worsening work performance: shortness of breath, cough, and itching. The multivariate analysis revealed significant correlations between post-acute COVID-19 symptoms and acute COVID-19 symptoms, comparing these results with the literature, it was legitimate to deduce that the initial clinical manifestations of the infection conditioned the appearance of the post-COVID-19 state and the installation of some post-COVID-19 symptoms rather than others.

Discussion and Conclusion

COVID-19 infection has become the disease of the century. Our state should establish a well-founded national program against natural disasters and incorporate appropriate rehabilitation programs in the follow-up of survivors, especially HCWs.
P-336 ABSTRACT DETECTION OF SLEEP DISORDERS AMONG TAXI DRIVERS
Authors: Fendri Myriam Nabiha , Hrairi Anwar , Kammoun Nesrine , Bani Mejda
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The Epworth scale is used to screen for behavioral manifestations associated with obstructive sleep apnea. Taxi drivers, who have irregular working hours and a history of metabolic disorders, may be prone to sleep disorders.

Objective

The aim of this study was to screen for sleep disorders among taxi drivers.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on taxi drivers working during the day who had consulted the Institute of Occupational Health and Safety between November 2022 and March 2023. Screening for sleep disorders was done using the Arabic version of the Epworth questionnaire, which has been validated.

Results

The study included 132 taxi drivers, with one female driver. The average age was 48 years. The average professional experience was 17.4 years. The average number of working hours was 8.8. Tobacco and alcohol consumption was found in 61% and 18.2% of cases, respectively. Seventy percent of drivers did not follow physical distancing or mask-wearing during breaks or meals. Surgical masks were worn for 8 hours by 30% of drivers and for more than 24 hours by 12.5%, with 25% of workers performing aerosol-generating procedures using surgical masks. In 70% of cases, personal protective equipment was inadequate. Vaccination status showed that 57.5% of healthcare workers were not vaccinated.

Discussion

The working conditions of healthcare workers constituted factors favoring exposure to coronavirus.

Conclusion

Emphasis should be placed on strengthening protective measures by ensuring an adequate supply of personal protective equipment and raising awareness among healthcare workers.
O-194 SELF-SAMPLING IN HUMAN MONITORING
Authors: Godderis Lode , Verscheure Eline , De Ryck Evi , Daenen Liesbeth , Van den Brande Whitney , Vandenbroeck Sofie , Vanacker Hilde , Ghosh Manosij
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Health surveillance is an important means in preventive medicine which requires human effort. With the increasing shortage of healthcare workers, we are investigating the feasibility to implement self-sampling techniques for continuous remote monitoring.

Methods

An overview of methods has been collected through literature and feasibility studies have been set up to assess the factors influencing successful implementation.

Results

We distinguish two main types of available techniques: self-tests and self-collection tests. With a self-test the worker performs the entire process of collection and interpretation of data, such as apps to assess irregularities in heart rhythm, sleep pattern, physical activity, respiratory rate and skin health. Other examples are online platforms connected with wearables that monitor mental health providing immediate feedback. Emerging technologies are extended reality and chatbots, which still experience important limitations on data security and validity. With self-collection tests a person collects the sample and sends it to the laboratory for analysis, such as volumetric absorptive microsampling that allows collection of human tissues in a minimal invasive way. Urine, saliva and oral buccal cells are promising matrices for simple, rapid and non- or minimally invasive sample collection and can be used for the analysis of a wide range of biomarkers.

Discussion

Self-sampling is a convenient, cost-effective screening strategy. Ethical and juridical aspects are important points to consider.

Conclusion

Finally, health management platforms including electronic medical file, integrating wearable, sensor and app interfaces are required in combination with human interaction, empathy and trust to guarantee positive user experiences and validated measurements in an uncontrolled real-world.
P-341 COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC BIOMARKERS: URINARY 1-HYDROXYPYRENE IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE MARKER OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS EXPOSURE
Authors: Yamano Yuko , Hara Kunio , Ichiba Masayoshi , Yamauchi Takenori , Okubo Shigeko , Hanaoka Tomoyuki
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) include many carcinogens. We conducted a cross- sectional study in a steel plant to identify biomarkers that reflect the carcinogenicity of PAHs.

Methods

Subjects were 57 workers and 20 controls. Personal exposure levels were measured using GC-MS, and urinary metabolites were treated with β-glucuronidase followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis with fluorescence detection.

Results and Discussion

Personal exposure levels to 15 PAHs (Total-PAHs) ranged from 47.08 to 1,329.45 µg/m3, with a mean of 178.85 µg/m3 (geometric mean, 5th, and 95th percentile). Analysis of urinary metabolites detected 10 known compounds, including 1-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxyfluorene, and others, along with four unknown peaks. The highest correlation was found between Total-PAHs and urinary 2- hydroxynaphthalene (Spearman r = 0.716, P < 0.01). Notably, urinary 2-hydroxyfluorene, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, 3-hydroxyphenanthrene, and 1-hydroxypyrene showed significant correlations with the “Σ carcinogenic potency of PAHs,” with the most significant association observed for 1-hydroxypyrene (Spearman r = 0.630, P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene was identified as the most comprehensive carcinogenic biomarker for assessing PAH exposure. This study emphasizes the importance of monitoring PAH exposure levels and their potential health risks among steel plant workers.
P-342 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION AND SLEEP PATTERNS IN VULNERABLE POPULATIONS
Authors: Teixeira Liliane , Coutinho Gilvania , Santos Marcus Vinicius Dos , da Rodrigues Vidal Vidal Priscila Jeronimo Silva , Azevedo Tatiana , Silva Ana Paula , Mattos Dominique , Victorino Fernando , Gonçalves Eline , De Carvalho Leandro , Rosa Ana Cristina , Larentis Ariane , De Andrade Carlos Augusto , Costa-Amaral Isabele , Friedrich Karen , Gomes Luciana , de Moreira Maria Fátima , Borges Renato , Pavesi Thelma , Fischer Frida Marina
Published: July 2024

The objective is to present and discuss results demonstrating the influence of chemicals exposure on the sleep patterns of workers and residents of industrial surroundings.

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 189 residents and 66 endemic workers. Health, work, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), actimetry, clinical, toxicological tests (metals, BZN, and TLN) and genotyping were performed.

Results and discussion

Study 1: 47% of the participants were afternoon chronotype, 42% were indifferent, and 11% were morning chronotype. Higher urinary Mn levels were associated with the morning chronotype (p < 0.01). The evening chronotype was associated with poorer sleep quality, higher Pb levels, and BZN and TLN levels (p < 0.01) in non-occupationally exposed individuals (p < 0.01). Moreover, most participants (57%) reported poor sleep quality, and higher Cd levels in residents with higher scores for daytime dysfunction (p = 0.01) and sleep disturbance (p < 0.01); Mn (p < 0.01) and Ni (p = 0.03), for sleep disturbance; and TLN, for sleep duration (p < 0.05). Study2: The mean sleep quality was 7.8 points (PSQI score) and 60% of the population was unhealthy sleep (PSQI > 5). In addition, sleep duration was 5-6 hours, sleep efficiency was 80%, and the WASO was approximately 60 minutes. Stability and variability were 0.48-0.80 respectively, and positive correlation observed between the hormone Free T4 and sleep duration (p <0.05). And the intraday variability had a negative correlation with hormone levels.

Conclusion

Exposure to contaminants influenced sleep patterns and the different chronotypes in the population exposed to toxic substances.
P-343 CORRELATION BETWEEN BLOOD LEAD LEVEL (BLL), VITAMIN D LEVEL WITH STRESS OXIDATIVE PARAMETER: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON LEAD EXPOSED WORKERS IN JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Mutiara Ade , Mansyur Muchtaruddin , Arozal Wawaimuli , Baskoro Muhammad Orri , Yuliani Dini
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In Indonesia, many Used Lead Acid Battery smelters operated by informal sector workers pose a potential health risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders through the oxidative stress mechanism and vitamin D deficiency due to chronic lead exposure. This study is aimed at analyzing the correlation of workers blood lead level (BLL), 25(OH)D level and Malondialdehyde (MDA) level as one of stress oxidative parameters, and Vitamin D level in Java Indonesia.

Material and Method

A total of 52 informal workers were consecutively selected from two regions in Java, one region with chronic and the other with non-chronic lead exposure. Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for blood lead levels using ICP-MS, 25(OH)D with Elisa and MDA level using spectrophotometry with Will’s method.

Result and discussion

This study analyzes the correlation between groups with BLL <10 µg/dL and >10 µg/dL with the level of MDA (nmol/mL). We found that higher BLL has significantly lower MDA mean (BLL<10 mean 1.07, BLL>10 mean 0.59, P<0.01) on the region that has chronic lead exposure. MDA sub-analysis showed a significant difference in MDA mean between the two regions (1.31 vs 0.51, p<0.01). The analysis revealed a significant negative linear relationship between BLL and MDA (p < 0.01). No significant relationship was found between 25(OH)D and MDA (p > 0.01).

Conclusion

There is a significant negative linear relationship between MDA levels and BLL. We hypothesize the distinguish of this findings and other studies because the population with chronic lead exposure will lead to reduce physiological response to BLL compared to other region.
P-345 BIOMONITORING FOR EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT TO STYRENE IN THE FIBREGLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC INDUSTRY
Authors: Teixeira Joao , Costa Solange , Silva Susana Pinho e , Costa Carla
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Occupational exposure to styrene occurs in the styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene monomer and polymerisation, and reinforced plastics industries. Although the genotoxic potential of styrene is known, very limited and inconclusive information is available regarding its dose-dependent genotoxic effects in humans. The objective of this work was to study occupational exposure to styrene in a multistage approach, in order to integrate the following end-points studied: styrene in workplace air, mandelic and phenylglyoxylic acids (MA+PGA) in urine, Hb adducts, SCE, MN, DNA damage and genotypes of polymorphic genes of some metabolising enzymes.

Method

Seventy-five workers from a fibreglass-reinforced plastics factory and 77 unexposed controls took part in the study.

Results and Discussion

The mean air concentration of styrene in the breathing zone of workers was higher than the threshold limit value recommended by the ACGIH, and the BEI adopted by the ACGIH for exposure to styrene was exceeded, indicating that styrene exposure for this group of workers was higher than recommended. The level of Hb adducts and SCE in exposed workers were significantly increased as compared with controls. The DNA damage was higher among styrene-exposed workers than in controls. Concerning the effect of the genetic polymorphisms on the different exposure and effect biomarkers studied, we observed the effect of microsomal epoxide hydrolase activity on Hb adducts of highly exposed individuals and on the levels of SCE of exposed workers.

Conclusion

The present results suggest the importance of individual susceptibility factors in modulating genotoxicity, although cautious interpretations are required since the size of the study population limits the power of many of the analyses.
P-346 SCREENING FOR SIOC IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO ORGANIC SOLVENTS IN THE AUTOMOTIVE PARTS INDUSTRY
Authors: Gaaliche Imen , Ismail Saloua , Baraketi Emna , Merghni Syrine , Khouja Nihel , Bechrifa Emna , Fatma Naourez Ben , Meskini Cheima , Belkahla Amira , Khaiereddine Donia , Hsinet Jihen , Benzarti Aida
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Multiple chemical sensitivity syndrome (MCS) is defined as a group of nonspecific symptoms presented by a person exposed to various chemicals. Objectives: To screen for MCS and assess their impact on workers in the automotive parts manufacturing sector.

Methods

Cross-sectional and descriptive study conducted in an automotive parts manufacturing company in Ben Arous using the Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI).

Results

We recruited 120 employees, with an average age of 36,4 years. One hundred and one employees (84,2%) were exposed to organic solvents. One hundred employees (98,3%) developed symptoms of MCS during their professional careers, which were cognitive in 75% of cases and neurological in 45,8% of cases. The diagnosis of MCS was very likely in 29 employees (24,2%), fairly likely in eight employees (6,7%), unlikely in 78 employees (65%), and doubtful in five employees (4.2%). A fair or very likely MCS was significantly associated with a median duration of exposure to chemicals greater than ten years (p=0,001), the absence of regular wearing of personal protective equipment (p=0,00), and the presence of an anxiodepressive disorder (p=0,009) and absenteeism (p=0.00). Twenty-one employees (17.5%) benefited from job transfer.

Discussion

Because of the symptomatology, MCS has significant psychosocial and professional repercussions.

Conclusion

Early diagnosis of MCS is important to assess its impact and prevent deterioration of quality of life.