bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of PCMX Derivative
Authors: Parulekar Tanuja P. , Gangan Vijay D. , Mewada Kundan , Kulkarni Mangesh , Raddi Karuna
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Para Chloro Meta Xylenol (PCMX) is an exceptionally broad spectrum bactericide and preservative with a long established and proven use in controlling bacteria, mildew and fungal growth in a wide range of applications (medical, domestic and industrial). Chloroxylenol, also known as para chloro meta xylenol, is an antiseptic and disinfectant which is used for skin disinfection and cleaning surgical instruments. It is also used within a number of household disinfectants and wound cleaners. Their analogues viz. hybrid / ester molecules also possess various biological activities which prompted us to synthesize a novel analogue for their future application as bioactive molecule. The synthesized compound was characterized by IR, 1HNMR, mass spectral data, elemental analysis and screened for its potential antibacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. It shows a promising antibacterial activity.
Evaluation of Machine Learning Methods for Prediction Student Performance
Authors: Sihare Muskan
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Significant findings and useful insights have emerged from the study of using machine learning techniques to predict student performance. used large datasets with a wide variety of demographic, socioeconomic, and academic performance data to conduct in-depth evaluations of several machine learning methods. Our study highlighted the importance of careful data preprocessing, which involves fundamental steps like classifying student performance and doing in-depth exploratory data analysis (EDA). To ensure the validity of our model assessments, we meticulously split the dataset into training and testing subsets. To effectively apply machine learning models, it is necessary to convert categorical data into numerical representations; we did this by using strategic label encoding and one-hot encoding techniques. Metrics on the effectiveness of the recommended machine learning models are presented, with a spotlight on the XG Boost algorithm's remarkable 97% accuracy. The MLP's performance indicators are as follows: 95% accuracy, 98% recall, 95% precision, and 96% F1 score. When compared to these, ADA Boost has a precision of 83%, recall of 90%, F1 score of 86%, and accuracy rate of 81%. XGBoost, on the other hand, claims rates of 98% precision, 98% recall, 98% F1 score, and 97% accuracy, making it stand out from the crowd. Based on these findings, the XG Boost algorithm is the best option among the machine learning models considered for this research.
“Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Cream for Treatment of Acne Vulgaris”
Authors: Wagh Swamini N.
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Herbal cream is preparations use by human beings in treatment of various skin infections. Propionibacterium acne and Staphylococcus Epidermis have been recognized as pus-forming bacteria triggering an inflammation in acne. The present research work deals with the formulation and evaluation of herbal cream against this etiologic agent of acne vulgaris. The present formulation of Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Aloe vera, Bees wax, Liquid Paraffin, Borax Methylparaben, Rose water. The Herbal Cream is formulated by aqueous phase. The prepared Cream was evaluated for pH, Spread ability and stability. The Cream evaluated for colour foreign particle etc. by which the present of active constituent fennel was found to be White Colour and turmeric was found to be yellow colour. The spread ability was found to be easily spreadable on a skin surface area after application and passes all the parameters. Cream is O/W type of emulsion.
Comprehensive Impact of On-Demand Platforms: Examining the Gig Economy\'s Influence on Specialized Professionals, Work-Life Balance, and Gig Workers\' Perspectives
Authors: Kaushik Aryan
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The surge of on-demand platforms has reshaped labor markets, notably affecting specialized professionals' roles and work-life balance within the gig economy. This study investigates the multifaceted impact of on-demand platforms on specialized professionals, emphasizing their aggregation onto digital interfaces to meet evolving service needs. Aligning with customercentric strategies, these platforms aim to enhance both functional and emotional value in product offerings. Ethical concerns inherent in the gig economy's structure, especially related to the nature of work, worker status, and algorithmic control, are highlighted. Insights from global contexts, including India, reveal both opportunities—such as technological advancements driving productivity—and challenges like wage pressure and inadequate social security for gig workers. Furthermore, the study delves into gig workers' perspectives, exploring the impact on their health and well-being. Field research insights among gig workers underscore the need for protective measures and inclusive policies within the gig economy. By synthesizing existing literature, this research aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between on-demand platforms, specialized professionals, work-life balance, and the gig economy's impact. It seeks to contribute actionable insights for stakeholders, advocating measures to harness benefits while addressing challenges in this evolving landscape
Spectral and FTIR Analysis of Ho3+ ions doped ZincLithium Potassium Calcium Alumino Borophosphate Glasses
Authors: Meena S. L.
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Glasses samples containing Ho3+ in zinc lithium potassium calcium alumino borophosphate glasses (30-x)P2O5: 10ZnO: 10Li2O: 10K2O: 10CaO: 10Al2O3:20B2O3:xHo2O3. (where x=1, 1.5,2 mol %) have been prepared by melt-quenching method. The amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Optical absorption, Excitation, fluorescence and FTIR spectra were recorded at room temperature for all glass samples. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ωλ (λ=2, 4 and 6) are evaluated from the intensities of various absorption bands of optical absorption spectra. Using these intensity parameters various radiative properties like spontaneous emission probability (A), branching ratio (β), radiative life time (τR) and stimulated emission cross–section ( σp) of various emission lines have been evaluated.
Wine Quality Prediction using Machine Learning
Authors: Davessar Shagun
Published: January 2024

Abstract: According to the most recent statistics, India is a developing wine market in Asia's New World countries. Although the Indian wine business is in its infancy in terms of area, predictions, and marketing of wines, eighty percent of consumption is concentrated in cities. In today’s world, it is very crucial to find out the quality of the wine we are using as it can affect our health, badly. [8] This model aims to predict the quality of different types of wines, based on parameters like percentage of acidity, sulphates, chlorides, sugar, pH used. This model demonstrates, how statistically it can be used to identify the components that mainly control the wine before it is produced in the country. This will also assist winemakers regulate quality, which will benefit both, the country's economy, and people's health.
Experimental Analysis on Mechanical Properties with Microstructures on Aluminium alloy 6070 Welds with H14 Steel
Authors: Gudala Sai Sandeep , Metta Uday Kumar , Dangeti Mahesh
Published: January 2024

bstract: TIG welding stands out as a highly precise and efficient welding technique, proficient in joining both ferrous and nonferrous metals. This method offers exceptional control, produces minimal fumes and spatter, and results in a clean weld that often requires little to no finishing. The focus of the current research is on determining the optimal combination of welding parameters for TIG welding of Al6070 and H14 materials. The literature survey reveals the inherent difficulty of welding aluminium using conventional arc welding processes. A multitude of welding parameters significantly influences both the quality of the welds and their repeatability. This study systematically investigates various parametric ranges and their effects. The TIG welding setup employed in this specific study will weld 10mm thick Al6070 and H14 plates, adhering to the prescribed welding parameters. The impact of these parameters on the tensile and impact strength of the welding joints, as well as the microstructural characteristics, will be thoroughly analysed.
Multiple Disease Prediction Using Machine Learning
Authors: V Dr. Manjunatha , H Tejashwani , R Sahana K , D Kishore S , Vishal
Published: January 2024

Abstract: In this comprehensive health analysis project, we delve into the evaluation of Diabetes, heart disease, and Parkinson's disease. Basic health parameters like Pulse Rate, Cholesterol, Blood Pressure, and Heart Rate are scrutinized, enabling the identification of associated risk factors through a prediction model known for its accuracy and precision. The implementation involves leveraging machine learning algorithms, employing Streamlit for interactive interfaces, and employing Python pickling to store model behaviour effectively. Future expansions may encompass diverse health domains such as chronic diseases, skin conditions, and more. The methodology adopts a sophisticated approach, concurrently predicting multiple diseases by synergizing the strengths of XG Boost, K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), and naïve Bayes (NB) algorithms within a unified framework. This integration aims to capitalize on the complementary attributes of these algorithms, augmenting prediction accuracy and robustness across varied healthcare datasets
Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: S Arun Kumar , Chaitra  , Fiza  , Shreya
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is recognized as a strategic and long-term investment that brings about various economic advantages for companies. Consistent implementation of CSR not only enhances consumer preference for products but also attracts interest from potential investors, making CSR an innovative and continuous marketing tool that significantly contributes to a company's success. This paper explores the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD) and Leverage on Firm Value, with Profitability acting as the moderating variable. Analytical tools such as Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) and Multiple Linear Regression are employed in this study, utilizing a dataset covering 68 firm-years of information from listed companies in Indonesia, including CSR reports from 2012 to 2015.The findings reveal that leverage has a substantial influence on firm value, whereas CSRD alone does not exhibit a significant effect on firm value. Additionally, the profitability variable is identified as an effective moderator, strengthening the correlation between corporate social responsibilities and firm value, as well as reinforcing the relationship between leverage and firm value. These results have critical implications for practitioners, especially in shaping CSR disclosure strategies to effectively address firm value considerations. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, firm value, leverage, profitability.
Deciphering the Surge: A Focused Review of Flooding Attacks and Proactive Defense Mechanisms using Anomaly-Based Detection Strategies
Authors: Khare Aparna , Kashikar Pradnya
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Flooding attacks, a taxonomical classification of the denial-of-service attacks, are a brute force attempt of overloading and incapacitating the target by consuming the entirety of the bandwidth reserved for ensuring availability. Over the years, flooding attacks have evolved, in both mode of delivery as well as attack surface parameters. Today, they pose a very serious threat to critical infrastructure and services across the globe. This paper presents a concise and focused review of flooding attacks, their expanse on the global cyber landscape alongside some recent case studies and security mechanisms adopted by industry as standards to tackle with them, followed by a review of the detection strategies using anomaly techniques for a proactive defense and the challenges faced.
Communications, media and internet concentration in Italy, 2019-2021
Authors: Galli Mattia , Scaglioni Massimo , Sfardini Anna , Carelli Paolo
Published: January 2024

This report scrutinizes revenue and concentration trends in Italian media industries from 2019 to 2021, following the Global Media and Internet Concentration Project (GMICP) blueprint. Twenty-seven industries are categorized into three macro-sectors: Telecommunications and Internet Access, Online and Traditional Media, and Core Internet Applications. Key findings include the Italian network media economy's worth of 47.385 billion EUR in 2021, a 3.5% drop from 2019 due to declines in traditional media, countered by digital industry growth. Wireless remains the largest sector, but core GAFAM and Netflix's influence rises. The Italian media economy, while concentrated, is gradually internationalizing, reflecting global industry integration.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and meditation in the treatment of persistent low back pain: Interventional Study
Authors: Mahendra Kumar R , Rajeshwari Kumbar , Sandeep S , Sudarshan B S , Rakshith B K
Published: January 2024

Objective: To compare the effect of both CBT and Meditation in chronic lower back pain patients.

Method: Participants fulfilling the exclusion and inclusion criteria and who are between the age group of 35-50 years with CLBP were included.  Numerical pain rating scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) was used for the participant selection. The participants were further divided into three groups and 4-week intervention of conventional physiotherapeutic exercise, meditation and CBT, was given to the participants. Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire were used as outcome measures.

Results: 40 chronic back pain patients were enrolled and randomized. All enrolled participants completed baseline tests, providing cross-sectional data for this study. Simple randomization allocated 14 patients to the control group and 13 patients each to Experimental Group 1 and Experimental Group 2. Significant within-group improvements occurred on the Numerical Rating Scale and Oswestry scores between baseline and final visits for all groups. However, the experimental groups showed significantly greater decreases in pain intensity versus controls, evidenced by reduced mean Numerical Rating Scale and Oswestry scores at follow-up. One-way ANOVA and Welch tests revealed significantly reduced Numerical Rating Scale and Oswestry scores after treatment across groups. Both tests yielded statistically significant p-values <0.01.

Conclusion: The findings show that meditation and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) are beneficial in reducing pain. As a result, for patients with persistent low back pain, taking into consideration these two treatment techniques is critical.

Keywords: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Chronic Pain, Oswestry Questionnaire
Current practices in the veterinary use of antibiotics in poultry laying hens in Friguiagbé (Guinea)
Authors: SOROMOU Lanan Wassy , LENO Pierre Faya , KAMANO Alhassane , SOUARE Mamadou Lamarana , CAMARA Almamy Ousmane Deen , CAMARA Karifa
Published: January 2024

The use of antibiotic molecules on poultry farms, while justified by their efficacy, must be carried out rationally, as their uncontrolled use modifies the ecology of bacteria and thus contributes to the selection of multi-resistant bacteria.  The aim of this study was to carry out a descriptive survey of antibiotic use on laying hen farms in the sub-prefecture of Friguiagbé (Kindia). To achieve this, surveys were carried out among veterinary service managers, poultry farmers and sales outlets. At the end of our work, we identified the existence of two (2) veterinary pharmaceutical supply establishments. Establishments selling veterinary medicines revealed that Tetracycline is the most widely marketed antibiotic family. The most widely used antibiotic molecules are Tetracolivit and Oxytetracycline (26%); Neoxyvital (13%); Alfaceryl and Panteryl (8%); Limoxin (5%); Enrofloxacin, TTS, Colisol and Amoxillin (3%), which are used either for preventive or curative purposes.

Keywords : Antibiotic molecules, poultry farming, laying hens, Guinea
Qualitative Phytochemical Investigation and Acute Oral Toxicity Study on Ethanolic Extract of Curcuma longa Leaves
Authors: Chourasiya Pratima , Gour Rekha , Patel Anant K.
Published: January 2024

The study focused on evaluating the acute toxicity and phytochemical composition of Curcuma longa leaves using Swiss albino mice. The investigation involved a two-phase acute toxicity test, with doses up to 5000 mg/kg administered orally. The results indicated no toxicity at lower doses, while signs of weakness, salivation, and reduced movement were observed at 1600 mg/kg. Lethal effects were noted at 5000 mg/kg, establishing the LD50 at 2154.06 mg/kg. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, and volatile oils in the ethanolic extract. The extract exhibited a 27.37% yield, characterized by a yellowish-orange color and a sticky consistency. This comprehensive investigation sheds light on both the acute toxicity profile and the diverse phytochemical components presents in Curcuma longa leaves.

Keywords: Curcuma longa, Phytoconstituent, Acute oral toxicity, Lokes method.
Tenapanor-A Novel Approach for Management of Hyperphosphatemia in End Stage Renal Disease: A Clinical Study Aggregate Review
Authors: Lobo Leema , Kishore N , Sharma Manjari
Published: January 2024

The critical importance of phosphate regulation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been well understood for decades. But new findings, frequently applicable to routine medical care, continue to evolve. Poor health outcomes, greater morbidity, lowered quality of life, and a higher death rate from cardiovascular disease are all linked to the development of CKD-bone mineral ailment. Increased blood phosphate levels are linked to an increased risk of mortality in hemodialysis patients due to changes in phosphate breakdown and declining renal function as CKD advances.In this setting, according to  CKD-mineral bone disease recommendations, it is critical to regulate serum phosphate  levels in patients with CKD-mineral bone problem. If dialysis and dietary intervention fail to control blood phosphate levels, the use of phosphate binders is advised. Although phosphate binders are successful in lowering blood phosphate levels by actively binding to dietary phosphate, certain individuals have adverse effects that may restrict their use.These medications also have a significant pill load, which might result in poor treatment compliance. Tenapanor, a novel medication, works by inhibiting the sodium/hydrogen exporter isoform 3 (NHE3), which lowers intestinal phosphate absorption primarily by decreasing passive paracellular phosphate flow. Tenapanor also reduces the expression of the sodium phosphorus 2b transport protein (NaPi2b), which limits active transcellular phosphate absorption compensation. This is considered to be more effective phosphorous absorption regulator and a better target for tailored medication therapy. This clinical study aggregate report explores the currently published studies that have evaluated Tenapanor for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in end stage renal disease patients on haemodialysis.

Keywords: Tenapanor, phosphate binding agents, hyperphosphatemia, chronic kidney disease, phosphate control, phosphate binders, phosphate absorption, phosphate absorbtion inhibitor.
Encapsulation Methods and Releasing Mechanisms of Encapsulated Active Drug
Authors: N’GUESSAN-GNAMAN Kakwokpo Clémence , TUO-KOUASSI Nakognon Awa , DALLY Ismael , AKA-ANY-GRAH Sandrine , CHOUGOUO KENGNE-NKUITCHOU Rosine Désirée , LIA Arthur José , ANIN Apo Laurette , N’GUESSAN Alain
Published: January 2024

Substances of plant origin are chemically unstable and easily oxidized by external conditions. However, they have to remain in their bioactive form when they are used in food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetic industries. Encapsulation method is an effective technique that should protect them preventing the degradation of these active substances and thus prevent them from losing their activities.

In this review, the strategies for encapsulating plant substances and their preparation methods including emulsification, atomization, coaxial electrospray system, lyophilization, coacervation, in situ polymerization, melt extrusion, supercritical fluid technology, fluidized bed coating etc. were discussed. The release mechanisms of plant active substances were also presented.

The choice of an appropriate encapsulation technique and wall material depends on the final use of the product and the processing conditions involved. The use of liposomes, ethosomes, phytosomes, emulsions, microspheres, microcapsules, solid lipid nanoparticles including formulations based on plant substances has enhanced their therapeutic effects. With the use of all these encapsulation systems, the formulation is delivered in a targeted manner, giving it an on-site effect, and the bioavailability of the formulation is also improved. With these new drug delivery systems, actives and extracts used in herbal formulations exhibit improved stability, sustained release from the formulation, protection against toxicity, and improved therapeutic efficacy.

Keywords : nanoparticles, bioactive substance, formulation
Ethanolic Stem-Bark Extract of Blighia unijugata Possesses Anti-Hyperglycemic and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Activity in a Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Model
Authors: FIADJOE HOPE KORSHIE , Koffuor George Assumeng
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The global rise in the incidence of diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and its associated complications have become a public health threat. Besides hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia has been associated with diabetes due to the defect in insulin secretion and/or action. Medicinal plants are being investigated to discover drug alternatives with better efficacies, lesser adverse effects, and cost-effectiveness. This work investigated the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity of ethanolic stem bark extract of Blighia unijugata (EBU) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats.

Method: T2DM was induced in male SD rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (50 mg/kg in 0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 4.5) and confirmed 72 hours later. EBU (100 and 200 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) were administered orally to the diabetic rats (n = 5) for 28 days. The effect of the treatments on fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile, atherogenic predictor indices, and body weight were assessed.

Results: EBU treatments significantly reduced (p≤0.001) elevated blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and Very Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c, p≤0.001) but increased High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL, p≤0.05) compared to the diabetic control. Also, all the atherogenic risk predictor indices were significantly reduced (p≤0.001). In addition, EBU treatment mitigated the significant weight loss (p≤0.01) associated with the diabetic state when compared to the normal control.

Conclusion: These findings first report the anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-atherogenic properties of the stem bark of ethanolic extract of Blighia unijugata, and can be further studied and used as an anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic agent.

Keywords: Blighia unijugata; hyperglycemia; atherogenic index; hyperlipidemia; diabetes
Welcome to 2024: issues and trends occupying JCOM this year
Authors: Riedlinger Michelle
Published: January 2024

As we usher in 2024, we highlight some of the issues and trends that are occupying JCOM, and the fields of science communication and academic publishing more generally.
منهج البحث في علم أصول الفقه نحو تحديد المصطلح Research Methodology in the Science of Jurisprudence Towards Defining the Term
Authors: Hiba Lamine , Abdul Rahman Noor Naemah , Ramli Rushdi
Published: January 2024

The study sought to define the term methodology of the principles of jurisprudence, which studies began to search in the topic with different terminology. The method used in the research was: the lexical study of the terms with the researcher’s analysis. The study concluded that the definition of the research methodology in the principles of jurisprudence means the scientific methods, rules and methods used in the study of the subjects of the principles of jurisprudence. The study also showed the difference between two meanings of the term “usul al-fiqh methodology”.
The analysis of chasing returns strategy in equity funds
Authors: Iriyadi Iriyadi , Meiryani Meiryani , Syamil Ahmad , Naldo Reyhan Rifqi , Daud Zaidi Mat , Gui Anderes , Purnomo Agung , Persada Satria Fadil
Published: January 2024

Most of the new investors, who are dominated by millennial investors, do not understand the basics of the capital market, so they have to suffer losses. Therefore, a strategy for investing in mutual funds is needed. This study aims to compare the performance of return-chasing investments with the buy-and-hold strategy in providing the best return to stock mutual fund investors. Beers (2020) states that “buy-and-hold” is a strategy in which investors buy stocks (or other types of securities, such as exchange-traded funds) and hold them for a long time regardless of market fluctuations. The data used is the net asset value of mutual funds which is then processed to obtain rank one based on annual returns. Simulations will be carried out to see the investment results of the two strategies and then the Wilcoxon signed-rank statistical test will be carried out on the profit/loss percentage to see the significance of the difference. The results of statistical tests show that there is no significant difference in investment returns between the chase return and buy and hold strategies. This result indicates the chasing return strategy provides much better investment returns than the buy-and-hold strategy for five periods on mutual fund instruments. The implication of this research for investors in using a chasing return strategy is that investors must use technical analysis, namely analyzing and finding out which mutual funds have the best prospects in that year.
Online Proctoring System: A Client Side Approach Using Deep Learning
Authors: Bedmutha Devesh , Bapecha Purva , Chaure Digambar , Bora Piyush , Karnavat Mrs Rachna
Published: January 2024

An AI based Online Proctoring System isn’t a new concept and many such capable exam portals do already exist. However, all of them have an unsolved design flaw which is server side processing.To detect any suspicious activity, the sites either take a snapshot of the examinee in regular intervals which is doable but is very weak, or they continuously send the video feed over to the server for processing which being comparatively more effective, is highly expensive. Sending video feeds of tens of thousands of students and processing them in real time can be very heavy on the server as well as costly for the client. To counter all these flaws, proposing an AI based proctoring system that securely works on the client side. Overall goal is to allow the face detection system and suspicious activity detection system to run on the client side which will significantly reduce the server load and dependency on the network. In this review paper we explored various algorithms for face verification, object detection, also reviewed pre-existing OPS systems and learned about their architecture.
Phishing Attacks: Unraveling Tactics, Threats, and Defenses in the Cybersecurity Landscape
Authors: Kheruddin Muhammad Syafiq , Zuber Muhammad Adam Emir Mohd , Radzai Muhammad Mukhlis Mohamad
Published: January 2024

This research paper provides a comprehensive exploration of phishing attacks in the cybersecurity landscape, tracing their evolution from rudimentary email scams to sophisticated social engineering tactics and technological integrations. Emphasizing the human-centric nature of phishing, the study delves into the psychological and sociotechnical aspects exploited by attackers, highlighting the significance of understanding human vulnerabilities. The economic and reputational consequences of phishing, including financial losses and long-lasting reputational damage, are scrutinized, underlining the need for comprehensive risk mitigation strategies.
Sheltering of sea ice ridges in the ice-ocean drag force: implications from laboratory experiments
Authors: Wang Shuang , Lu Peng , Leppäranta Matti , Zu Yongheng , Wang Qingkai , Li ZhiJun , hao pengfei
Published: January 2024

The increasing movement and deformation of Arctic sea ice cover results
in pronounced drag sheltering effects behind sea ice pressure ridges.
This needs to be accounted for in the parameterization of the form drag
of ridges, thereby posing a challenge to evaluate the ice–ocean dynamic
feedback. Laboratory experiments were conducted in a water tank to
explore the sheltering effect between adjacent ridges of various
geometries. The form drag forces on the keel models were measured, and
the particle image velocimetry (PIV) system was employed to capture the
flow fields surrounding the models to explain the variations in the drag
force. The key sheltering parameters were the ratio between keel spacing
and keel depth L/H, flow velocity u, and keel slope angle α. The results
showed that the drag force F1 on the upstream keel was close to the
value of the single keel case, while the drag force F2 on the downstream
keel was lower, for L/H ≤ 10 even opposite to the flow direction. Having
changed from negative to positive, the sheltering coefficient Г = F1/F2
increased with increasing L/H. Г decreased remarkably with steepening α
and was independent of u. To fully incorporate the effects of the L/H
and α , we propose a new sheltering function fitted with the
experimental results:Г =[1-1.56exp(sL/H)]*1.20α-0.08, s=0.001α-0.15.
This function is compared with the previous sheltering functions and the
actual ice conditions in the Arctic Ocean, pointing the way to obtain
the final sheltering functions applicable to sea ice dynamics models.
MAPPING OF A THICK SEDIMENTARY COVER FOR MINERAL EXPLORATION AT THE SOUTHERN BENUE TROUGH OF NIGERIA FROM A SYNTHETIC BOUGUER GRAVITY DATA
Authors: APEH Ojima Isaac , TENZER Robert , PHAM Luan Thanh , MOKA Elochukwu Chukwuekezie , ONAH Emmanuel Udochukwu
Published: January 2024

Mapping of the basement relief in
regions of a high geological importance is key to mineral prospecting.
In this study, we estimate the sediment thickness within the Southern
Benue Trough of Nigeria by using synthetic Bouguer gravity data
alongside 113 logged borehole data to validate the gravimetric inversion
and interpretation.A 3-D gravimetric inversion of the residual gravity
data was carried out to determine the thickness of sedimentation after a
regional-residual gravity separation. Our numerical results (ranging
from 0.8 to 5.5 km) have almost no systematic bias (mean value = 0.045)
when compared with the 113 measured sediment depths obtained from
drilling profiles. The estimated sediment depths closely mimic the known
geological structures and tectonic complexities of the highly rifted
Southern Benue Trough of Nigeria. The synthetic Bouguer gravity map
exhibits a spatial pattern that indicates possible magmatic movements,
which could have led to shallow sediments over and along the Abakaliki
Anticlinorium. This elevated crust (because of an upward magmatic
movement) created crevices, faults, folds, ridges, or troughs that must
have paved way for a thick sedimentary cover that possibly have matured
overtime (because of a high temperature) into important habitats for
mineral resources. We conclude that the very thick sedimentary cover at
the southwestern portion of the study area may have been brought about
by a compaction or compression of tectonic plates thereby generating
adequate heat and pressure for the maturation of several mineral
resources at the Southern Benue Trough of Nigeria.

Keyword: Bouguer gravity maps; gravity inversion; sediment
thickness; Regional-residual gravity separation; mineral exploration
Prospects for Underground Hydrogen Storage in Saline Reservoirs: A Case Study of Sacramento Basin
Authors: Sekar Lokesh Kumar , Galvis H , Okoroafor Esuru
Published: January 2024

The objective of this work was to understand the suitability and
favorability of saline reservoirs for storing hydrogen and ensuring the
maximum amount of hydrogen would be withdrawn. We used the Sacramento
basin in California to demonstrate the feasibility. We carried out
several numerical simulation studies to understand key factors affecting
the storage and withdrawal of hydrogen. We combined the results from the
numerical modeling to develop a screening and ranking set of criteria
for hydrogen storage in saline reservoirs. We then used the screening
and ranking set of criteria to rank the formations in the Sacramento
basin.

We studied five formations in the Sacramento Basin. The numerical
simulation study showed that to optimize storage and withdrawal of
hydrogen, steeply dipping reservoirs up to 15 degrees, reservoirs with
low pressures, reservoirs with good porosity (above 20%), and
reservoirs with high permeabilities were most favorable for underground
hydrogen storage.

This work applies a novel and comprehensive site screening and selection
criteria for underground hydrogen storage in saline reservoirs. It
builds on a similar work done for carbon dioxide storage and hydrogen
storage in depleted gas fields but it considers additional objective of
needing to withdraw the stored fluid. The case study in Sacramento Basin
can be applied to any other basin.
Utilizing Heat of Wetting to Estimate Physical Properties of Tuff
Authors: Kuhlman Kristopher , Good Forest T , Mills Melissa M , Paul Matthew J , Heath Jason E , Laforce Tara , Seaburn Brittney D
Published: January 2024

During characterization efforts of complex sites and geologies, it is
important to estimate material properties efficiently and robustly. We
present data and modeling related to the heat of wetting process during
spontaneous imbibition, as observed in zeolitic tuff. The heat of
wetting is due to adsorption of liquid water and water vapor to an
oven-dry core sample and results in an observable temperature rise. The
fitting of numerical models to imbibition observations allows
simultaneous constraint of single-phase (porosity, permeability),
two-phase (van Genuchten m and alpha), thermal (thermal diffusivity),
and transport (tortuosity) properties from a single imbibition test.
Petrographic analysis informs how microstructure connectivity and
pore-lining phases affect the imbibition process. Estimating multiple
properties simultaneously from a single test on a core sample helps
ensure consistency in interpreted material properties. SNL is managed
and operated by NTESS under DOE NNSA contract DE-NA0003525
(SAND2023-07021A).
Deutonymphs of Neottialges caparti Fain (Astigmata: Hypoderatidae) from North American Northern Gannet (Morus bassanus)
Authors: Proctor Heather , Decelles Nicolas , Daoust Pierre-Yves
Published: January 2024

Deutonymphs of the mite family Hypoderatidae are subdermal parasites of vertebrates, primarily birds. Here we report the presence of deutonymphs of Neottialges caparti Fain (no common name) in the subcutis of Northern Gannet (Morus bassanus (L.)) from Atlantic Canadian waters. We observed mites in 39% of 90 birds whose skin samples were examined microscopically. Our observations represent both the first record of N. caparti in Northern Gannet from the western North Atlantic and the second report of N. caparti since its initial description in 1967 from two Northern Gannets in Belgium.
Preliminary estimate of a Gray Treefrog (Hyla versicolor) population at a protected site in New Brunswick using photo identification and community science
Authors: Wallace Shaylyn , Munn Douglas , Hanifen Kristine , Jongsma Gregory , McAlpine Donald
Published: January 2024

We provide a preliminary population estimate (n = 120, 95% CI 65–722) of (male) Gray Treefrog (Hyla versicolor) at the Hyla Park Nature Preserve, New Brunswick, Canada’s first amphibian conservation site. As proof of concept, we also demonstrate the efficacy of a minimally invasive photographic identification method (PIM) that uses pattern recognition software for estimating the population of a visually cryptic amphibian that is subject to physiological colour change. Finally, we validate the use of PIM data collected by community participants and the opportunity it provides to engage and educate the local community about amphibian conservation.
Przepływy materiałowe w sektorze rolno-żywnościowym w Polsce w świetle modelu przepływów międzygałęziowych
Authors: Poczta Walenty , Mrówczyńska-Kamińska Aldona
Published: January 2024

Opracowanie ukazuje wielkości i struktury przepływów materiałowych w sektorze rolno-żywnościowym w Polsce w świetle modelu przepływów międzygałęziowych. Analiza współzależności między poszczególnymi agregatami agrobiznesu wykazała, że w Polsce w dalszym ciągu w rolnictwie i przemyśle spożywczym dominujące znaczenie odgrywa produkcja surowców wewnątrz tych sektorów, czyli obrót wewnętrzny. Sektor rolno-żywnościowy w Polsce znajduje się we wczesnym stadium przeobrażeń w kierunku nowoczesności. W zaopatrzeniu materiałowym agrobiznesu przede wszystkim musi wzrosnąć rola sfery pierwszej, w tym głównie sektora usługowego. Głównym warunkiem przeprowadzenia zmian w tym zakresie w Polsce, jest przede wszystkim wzrost gospodarczy i objęcie polskiego sektora rolno-żywnościowego instrumentami WPR UE.
Znaczenie podaży pieniądza w działalności kredytowej banków komercyjnych
Authors: Stola Emilia
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu określono zależności pomiędzy kształtowaniem się wielkości podaży pieniądza, a poziomem udzielonych kredytów przez banki komercyjne w Polsce, oraz dokonano identyfikacji cech wpływających na poziom podaży pieniądza. Na podstawie analizy prostej regresji liniowej i regresji wielorakiej oraz analizy wariancji, potwierdzono statystyczną istotność zależności pomiędzy wzrostem wolumenu udzielonych kredytów, a zwiększeniem się poziomu podaży pieniądza.
Efektywność techniczna stadnin koni należących do Agencji Nieruchomości Rolnych w latach 1994-2006
Authors: Świtłyk Michał , Helta Mirosław
Published: January 2024

Określono efektywność techniczną VRS i pozycję w rankingu efektywności oraz zbadano postęp produktywności przy zastosowaniu indeksu produktywności całkowitej Malmquista w stadninach koni należących do Agencji Nieruchomości w latach 1994-2006.
Czynniki determinujące powiązania gospodarstw rolniczych z otoczeniem
Authors: Gołębiewska Barbara
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu przedstawiono czynniki różnicujące powiązania gospodarstw rolniczych z otoczeniem. Omówiono otoczenie wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne gospodarstwa, mające wpływ na kontakty z otoczeniem. Badania przeprowadzono w 225 gospodarstwach o zróżnicowanych typach produkcyjnych i wielkości ekonomicznej. Stwierdzono różnice w regionie zależne od wykształcenia kierowników gospodarstw i zróżnicowania przestrzennego.
Wybrane czynniki zrównoważenia ekonomiczno-społecznego największych przedsiębiorstw rolniczych UE
Authors: Sobczyński Tadeusz
Published: January 2024

Na podstawie danych europejskiego systemu rachunkowości rolnej FADN oraz wskaźnika najmu i dopłat dla przedsiębiorstw rolniczych z największej klasy wielkości ekonomicznej analizowano związek produktywności i dochodowości pracy. Dla przedsiębiorstw rolniczych z 99 regionów reprezentowanych w badanej klasie dla okresu 2004- 2006 współczynnik determinacji wielorakiej regresji dochodowości pracy względem produktywności wyniósł R2 = 0,4374 i był ponad dwukrotnie niższy od współczynnika regresji dopłat względem wskaźnika najmu (R2 = 0,9205). Podobne wyniki uzyskano dla przedsiębiorstw rolniczych z niemieckich regionów FADN dla okresu 1995-2006 (R2 odpowiednio 0,5572 i 0,9536). Rozłączne oszacowanie badanych zależności dla wschodnich i zachodnich regionów Niemiec wskazało na trwałe różnice w mechanizmach kreowania dochodów. W przedsiębiorstwach rolniczych wschodnioniemieckich o dochodach decydowały retransfery budżetowe silnie powiązane ze wskaźnikiem najmu (R2 = 0,8941), a wydajność pracy miała znaczenie uzupełniające (R2 = 0,6318). W przedsiębiorstwach zachodnioniemieckich o dochodach decydowała wydajność pracy (R2 = 0,6809), subsydia miały znaczenie uzupełniające i nie były powiązane ze wskaźnikiem najmu (R2 = 0,0596).
Opłacalność produkcji mleka przy różnych systemach chowu w przedsiębiorstwie rolnym
Authors: Filipiak Tadeusz , Ruchniewicz Artur
Published: January 2024

W artykule określono opłacalność produkcji mleka przy różnych systemach chowu w przedsiębiorstwie rolnym. Zbadano kształtowanie się przychodów i kosztów produkcji mleka, nadwyżkę bezpośrednią wraz z amortyzacją na 1 krowę oraz na 100 l mleka, a także strukturę kosztów produkcji mleka dla systemu tradycyjnego i nowoczesnego.
Partnerstwo wertykalne jako model powiązań gospodarstw rolnych z przetwórstwem
Authors: Gołębiowski Bogusław
Published: January 2024

Na podstawie badań kwestionariuszowych przeprowadzonych w okresie marzec – kwiecień 2009 przedstawiono możliwości tworzenia i funkcjonowania aliansu w formie partnerstwa wertykalnego, jako modelu powiązań rolnictwa z handlem i przetwórstwem rolnym, w którym główną rolę odgrywa grupa producentów rolnych. Podstaw ą przetrwania i odniesienia sukcesu w działalności grupy producentów rolnych jest uświadomienie sobie logiki partnerstwa oraz wzajemnego zaufania, które są podstawą wprowadzania udoskonaleń lub też innowacji produktowych, a także stosowanie przez zarządy grup koncepcji uczenia się organizacji.
Spółdzielcza Agrofirma św.1 jako model nowoczesnego przedsiębiorstwa rolnego
Authors: Karmowska Grażyna
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu przedstawiono analizę spółdzielni, która prowadzi szeroko rozwiniętą działalność w zakresie produkcji rolnej, przetwórstwa rolno-spożywczego, handlu i usług gospodarczych. Strategia firmy, to produkcja .od pola do stołu., tzn. jeden dział wytwarza dla drugiego. Podstawowe założenie w jej działalności: jak dać zatrudnienie wszystkim udziałowcom przez cały rok. W badanych jedenastu latach działalności agrofirmy św. wartości zmiennych oznaczających efekty ekonomiczne systematycznie rosły. Osiągane efekty produkcyjne i finansowe, powiększają potencjał gospodarczy firmy. Jest to przykład firmy samodzielnej, demokratycznie zarządzanej, zapewniającej efekty finansowe.
Rola kontroli wśród pozapłacowych czynników systemów motywacyjnych w grupie przedstawicieli handlowych
Authors: Jaska Ewa , Włodarczyk Katarzyna
Published: January 2024

Kontrola, w procesie zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi, jest wymieniana jako element pozapłacowych metod motywowania. Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły m.in. określić pozycję kontroli wśród pozapłacowych czynników systemów motywacyjnych. Zgodnie z wynikami badań 63% ankietowanych uznało, że działania kontrolne są ważnym narzędziem motywowania. Jednak w zestawieniu z innymi czynnikami, kontrola i wynikająca z niej ocena, traciły na znaczeniu. Na pierwszym miejscu respondenci zgodnie wskazali na wynagrodzenie. Natomiast wśród metod pozapłacowych za najistotniejszy uznano awans zawodowy. Kontrola była wymieniana na trzecim miejscu.
Sposoby racjonalizowania produkcji w gospodarstwie. szanse i zagrożenia
Authors: Juszczyk Sławomir
Published: January 2024

Przedstawiono koncepcję różnych sposobów powiększania wyniku finansowego, uwzględniając zmiany ilości produkcji, cen produkowanych wyrobów i ponoszonych kosztów. Stwierdzono, że najlepszy jest wariant poszukiwań i likwidacji błędów w procesie produkcji, na drugim miejscu co do skali dobroci jest wariant ekstensywny polegający na niewielkim spadku wartości produkcji na skutek jeszcze większego zmniejszenia kosztów całkowitych, na trzecim – wariant półintensywny wyrażający się wzrostem produkcji na skutek zmian optymalizacyjnych w strukturze kosztów całkowitych lub substytucji jakościowo-asortymentowej, przy zachowaniu niezmienionego ogólnego poziomu kosztów całkowitych, na czwartym – półekstensywny (oszczędności środków), to znaczy utrzymania wartości produkcji i obniżenia kosztów. Najbardziej ryzykowny jest wariant intensywny – maksymalnego efektu, gdzie zwiększane są koszty w oczekiwaniu na jeszcze większy wzrost wartości produkcji, dlatego zwiększanie koszt ów musi być poprzedzone dogłębną analizą i rozważeniem czy nie ma innych, wcześniej wymienionych sposobów zwiększania wyniku finansowego
Źródła wzrostu i rozwoju wsi tkwią głównie w tworzeniu nowych miejsc pracy
Authors: Michna Waldemar
Published: January 2024

Przedstawiono charakterystykę obszarów wiejskich w Polsce na tle wybranych krajów Unii Europejskiej, ze wskazaniem znaczenia rozwoju pozarolniczych miejsc pracy. Omówiono kierunki (osie) rozwoju obszarów wiejskich w latach 2007- 2013 wskazując źródła ich finansowania. Rozwój obszarów wiejskich w Polsce powinien dotyczyć zarówno rozwoju rolnictwa, jak i działalności pozarolniczej. Ważny jest rozwój infrastruktury wsi, ale także tworzenie warunków do powstawania nowych miejsc pracy w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach prowadzących działalność pozarolniczą produkcyjną czy usługową.
Uwarunkowania rentowności gospodarstw rolnych zróżnicowanych pod względem ich wielkości ekonomicznej
Authors: Niezgoda Dionizy
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu dokonano analizy porównawczej rentowności gospodarstw rolnych zróżnicowanych pod względem ich ekonomicznej wielkości. Wykorzystano w niej model funkcji dochodowej typu Cobb-Douglasa. Odniesiono się również do przydatności modelu pięciu sił M.E. Portera do analizy rentowności w rolnictwie.
Mechanizm transformacji strukturalnej instrumentu rolniczych rent strukturalnych
Authors: Paszkowski Stanisław
Published: January 2024

Instrument rolniczych rent strukturalnych jest wykorzystywany w polskiej polityce rolnej od początku lat sześćdziesiątych XX wieku. Obecnie obowiązujące przepisy prawne wkomponowują go w strukturę narzędzi WPR stymulujących przekształcenia strukturalne w rolnictwie. Celem opracowania jest zarysowanie mechanizmu transformacji strukturalnej, stanowiącej istotę transferu gospodarstw rolnych pomiędzy gospodarstwami rolnymi w ramach systemu rolniczych rent strukturalnych. W instrumencie rolniczych rent strukturalnych działają dwie niezależnie formy transferu gospodarstw rolnych: w całości na rzecz następców oraz na powiększenie innych jednostek produkcyjnych. Pierwsza stymuluje wymianę generacji prowadzących gospodarstwa rolne, a druga koncentrację gruntów rolnych. Koncentracja gruntów rolnych i wymiana generacji rolników mogą być jednak realizowane przez obie formy transformacji strukturalnej. Wymaga to jednak wprowadzenia w systemach rent strukturalnych klauzul generacyjnych i obszarowych.
Alternatywne formy komunikacji kancelarii prawnych z grupami otoczenia
Authors: Werenowska Agnieszka
Published: January 2024

W opracowaniu przedstawiono sposoby promocji wykorzystywane przez kancelarie prawne. Ukazano również prawne aspekty związane z promocją usług prawnych. Public relations stały się nieodłącznym elementem zarządzania każdego przedsiębiorstwa, szczególnie w procesie kreowania wizerunku jednostek organizacyjnych. Rozwój gospodarczy doprowadził do poszerzenia obszarów, w których wykorzystywane są public relations. Usługi z zakresu prawa, upowszechnienie informacji o ich dostępności niezbędne są również na obszarach wiejskich, a szczególnie w sferze agrobiznesu.