bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental-numerical assessment of geogrid-EPS systems for protecting buried utilities
Authors: Abdollahi M. , Moghaddas Tafreshi S. N. , Leshchinsky B.
Published: March 2019

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is a lightweight material commonly used in sensitive geotechnical applications, particularly in transportation applications that often see a confluence of buried utilities and traffic loading. This study investigates the behavior and efficacy of EPS geofoam post-beam (PB) systems as a means of protecting underground utilities. The PB system consists of two EPS geofoam ‘post’ blocks that both protect buried utilities and support a capping EPS beam and soil overburden. Two series of laboratory large-scale model tests of the EPS PB system under both unreinforced and geogrid-reinforced soil cover were conducted to explore the effect of beam thickness, soil cover thickness and density of geofoam blocks on system deformations and stress distributions. Experimental results showed that the EPS PB system was effective in bearing the applied load without transferring it to the utilities below. The improvement in system performance was most pronounced when higher geofoam density, thicker EPS beams, geogrid reinforcement and increased soil cover were used. Three-dimensional finite element (FE) numerical models were developed and validated based on test results, and leveraged to provide insight into internal system behavior and design parameter selection.
Numerical evaluation of the ultimate load of concrete funicular shells of circular plan
Authors: Javid Alireza , Mofid Massood
Published: March 2019

A special type of shell structure – a concrete shallow funicular shell of circular plan – is considered in this paper. Funicular shells carry their dead weight only by in-plane compression forces. Numerical analysis of funicular shells was performed using the non-linear finite-element method, considering both geometric and material non-linearities. A circular-plan concrete funicular shell unit was also constructed and its ultimate central concentrated load is determined. The ultimate load of the shell unit predicted by the numerical model was very close to the experimentally determined ultimate load, thus confirming the validity of the numerical model. The numerical results revealed the effect of the base radius and the thickness of funicular shells on their stiffness and ultimate central concentrated load. It was found that an increase in the thickness of funicular shells increases their ultimate uniformly distributed load (UDL) while an increase in the base radius decreased the ultimate UDL, linearly for the former and non-linearly for the latter.
Improving CKD-Specific Patient-Reported Measures of Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Ware John E. , Richardson Michelle M. , Meyer Klemens B. , Gandek Barbara
Published: March 2019

Significance Statement

Monitoring patient-reported outcomes to capture CKD’s effects on health-related quality of life (QOL) is important for population health and individual care. Current measures such as the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL-36) do not incorporate some proven measurement advances, and measures incorporating such advances are rarely compared with current methods. The authors evaluated the validity of a new approach to CKD-specific QOL measurement that comprehensively represents CKD-specific QOL, yields a single summary QOL impact score, and generally requires only 1 minute. Across CKD stages 3–5, dialysis, and transplant patients, results favored the new approach over the KDQOL-36 in comparisons of validity, including responsiveness (sensitivity to clinical change), across multiple clinical tests. Computerized adaptive test versions of the new approach were more efficient than static versions.

Background

Patient-reported outcome measures that are more practical and clinically useful are needed for patients with CKD. We compared a new CKD-specific quality-of-life impact scale (CKD-QOL) with currently used measures.

Methods

Patients (n=485) in different treatment groups (nondialysis stages 3–5, on dialysis, or post-transplant) completed the kidney-specific CKD-QOL and Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL-36) forms and the generic SF-12 Health Survey at baseline and 3 months. New items summarizing quality of life (QOL) impact attributed to CKD across six QOL domains yielded single impact scores from a six-item static (fixed-length) form and from computerized adaptive tests (CATs) with three to six items. Validity tests compared the CKD-QOL, KDQOL-36 (Burden, Effects, and Symptoms/Problems subscales), and generic SF-12 measures across groups in four tests of clinical status and clinician assessment of change (CKD-specific tests), and number of comorbidities. ANOVA was used to test for group mean differences, variances in each measure explained by groups, and relative validity (RV) in comparison with the referent KDQOL-36 Burden subscale.

Results

KDQOL-36 and CKD-QOL measures generally discriminated better than generic SF-12v2 measures. The pattern of variances across CKD-specific tests comparing validity favored CKD-QOL two-fold over KDQOL-36. Two RV test results confirmed CKD-QOL improvements over the referent KDQOL scale. Results for static and CAT CKD-QOL forms were similar. SF-12 Physical and KDQOL-36 Symptoms scores worsened with increasing comorbid condition counts.

Conclusions

Overall, compared with the KDQOL-36, the new approach to summarizing CKD-specific QOL impact performed better across multiple tests of validity. CAT surveys were more efficient than static surveys.
Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-Item Short Form Survey (KDQOL-36) Normative Values for the United States Dialysis Population and New Single Summary Score
Authors: Peipert John D. , Nair Devika , Klicko Kristi , Schatell Dorian R. , Hays Ron D.
Published: March 2019

Significance Statement

Reliable, valid, and interpretable patient-reported outcome measures for kidney patients are needed for patient monitoring and use as outcomes in clinical trials. The Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-item short form survey (KDQOL-36) is often used with patients on dialysis, but improvements are needed to facilitate interpretability of its scores. The authors calculate normative values for the KDQOL-36 scales referenced to the United States dialysis population, which allow comparison of group means and individual scores with national averages, such as by dialysis centers when fulfilling their required annual assessment of patients’ quality of life. The authors also created the KDQOL-36 Summary Score (KSS), a composite of items from the KDQOL-36’s kidney-targeted scales, which may be useful when kidney-targeted health-related quality of life needs to be summarized in a single score.

Background

The Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36-item short form survey (KDQOL-36) is a widely used, patient-reported outcome measure for patients on dialysis. Efforts to aid interpretation are needed.

Methods

We used a sample of 58,851 dialysis patients participating in the Medical Education Institute (MEI) KDQOL Complete program, and 443,947 patients from the US Renal Data System (USRDS) to develop the KDQOL-36 Summary Score (KSS) for the kidney-targeted KDQOL-36 scales (Burdens of Kidney Disease [BKD], Symptoms and Problems of Kidney Disease [SPKD], and Effects of Kidney Disease [EKD]). We also used the MEI and USRDS data to calculate normative values for the Short Form-12 Health Survey’s Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS), and the KDQOL-36’s BKD, SPKD, and EKD scales for the United States dialysis population. We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models for KDQOL-36 kidney-targeted items, evaluated model fit with the comparative fit index (CFI; >0.95 indicates good fit) and root-mean-squared error of approximation (RMSEA; <0.06 indicates good fit), and estimated norms by matching the joint distribution of patient characteristics in the MEI sample to those of the USRDS sample.

Results

A bifactor CFA model fit the data well (RMSEA=0.046, CFI=0.990), supporting the KSS (α=0.91). Mean dialysis normative scores were PCS=37.8 and MCS=50.9 (scored on a T-score metric); and KSS=73.0, BKD=52.8, SPKD=79.0, and EKD=74.1 (0–100 possible scores).

Conclusions

The KSS is a reliable summary of the KDQOL-36. The United States KDQOL-36 normative facilitate interpretation and incorporation of patient-related outcome measures into kidney disease care.
Sitolojisi HGSIL gelen olgularda kolposkopik biopsi ile eksizyonel işlem sonuçlarının korelasyonu: 10 yıllık tersiyer merkez deneyimi
Authors: ERDEM Baki , AŞICIOĞLU Osman , TURAN Gökçe , YÜKSEL İlkbal Temel , GÜNKAYA Osman Samet , ÖZAYDIN İpek Yıldız , YILDIRIM İşıl Şafak , YILDIRIM Doğukan , AKBAYIR Özgür
Published: March 2019

Amaç: Sitoloji sonucu yüksek
dereceli servikal intraepitelyal lezyon (HGSIL) olan olgularda, kolposkopik
biopsi ve ekzisyonel işlemler ile elde edilen patoloji sonuçları arasındaki
korelasyonu incelemek.

 

Gereç ve Yöntem: Toplamda 282
hastanın verilerine ulaşıldı. Tüm hastalara kolposkopik muayene yapıldı. Kolposkopik
biopsi sonucu invaziv kanser tanısı konulan 23 hasta klinik olarak evrelendi ve
uygun tedavi planlandı (radikal histerektomi veya kemoradyoterapi). Diğer
hastaların tümüne (n=259) eksizyonel işlemler (LEEP veya konizasyon) uygulandı.
 Her iki işlemden elde edilen patoloji
sonuçlarından en yüksek dereceli olan final patoloji olarak kaydedildi.

 

Bulgular: Kolposkopik biopsi ile
eksizyonel işlemler arasında %73,7 oranında (n=191/259) uyum izlendi. 64
hastada ≤CIN1 (%22,7) bulunduğu ve bu grupta aşırı tedavi yapıldığı tespit
edildi. Hastaların %63,5’i (n=179) CIN2+, %13,8’i (n=39) ise invaziv kanser
idi. Kolposkopik biopsi invaziv kanserli hastaların %41’inde (n=16/39) eksik
patolojik tanıya neden oldu. Kolposkopik biopsi ile eksizyonel işlemler sonucu
elde edilen patoloji sonuçlarındaki uyumu saptamak için kappa analizi yapıldı.
κ: 0,542 olarak hesaplandı ve bu değer ılımlı derecede korelasyon anlamına
gelmekteydi.

 

Sonuç: HGSIL sitoloji sonucu ile
başvuran hastalarda kolposkopik biopsi ile eksizyonel işlemler arasında yaklaşık
4’te 3 oranında uyum bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. CIN2+ ve invaziv kanser insidansının
bu hastalarda yüksek bulunması nedeniyle,bu hastalarda biopsi sonucu ≤CIN1
gelse bile eksizyonel işlem seçeneği sunulmasının daha doğru ve güvenli
olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
A preliminary study on salt tolerance of some barley genotypes
Authors: Doğru Ali , Yılmaz Kaçar Merve
Published: March 2019

In
this study, salt (NaCl) tolerance of five barley genotypes (Avcı-2002,
Aydanhanım, Bülbül-89, Orza-96, Tarm-92) was investigated. For this purpose,
plants were exposed to different salt concentrations (0 mM (control), 100 mM, 200 mM and 300 mM) and some basic
growth parameters (root length, shoot length total plant length, fresh weight,
dry weight) were determined on the 18 d old plants. Tolerance indices for each genotype
was calculated on the basis of root and shoot length. Our results showed that salt
stress inhibited root and shoot growth in all genotypes significantly except
Bülbül-89. Inhibition degree of root and shoot growth was found to be
proportional to the salt concentrations applied. Maximum inhibitory effect of
salinity on root and shoot growth, for example, was observed in Avcı-2002 at
300 mM salinity level, while Bülbül-89 was less affected by salt stress. In
addition, we found that salt stress disturbed water relation between barley
genotypes and growth medium dependent on the organ type, as demonstrated by more
severe inhibition in shoot fresh weight as compared to root fresh weight. These
results may show that salt stress reduced translocation of water from roots to
shoots rather than water uptake from soil in barley genotypes used in this
study. Changes in dry weight of root and shoot barley genotypes indicated that
salt stress reduced biomass accumulation in roots. As a result, we concluded
that Bülbül-89 is the most tolerant barley cultivars while Avcı-2002 is the
most susceptible one, as indicated by the calculated tolerance indices.
Coefficient inequalities for Janowski type close-to-convex functions associated with Ruscheweyh Derivative Operator
Authors: ÖZKAN KILIÇ Öznur
Published: March 2019

The aim of this paper  is to
introduce a new subclasses of the Janowski type close-to-convex functions
defined by Ruscheweyh derivative operator and obtain coefficient bounds
belonging to this class.
On Generalized Tribonacci Octonions
Authors: ÖZKOÇ ÖZTÜRK Arzu
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we introduced generalized tribonacci octonion sequence which is a generalization of third order recurrence relations. We investigate many identities which are created by using generalized tribonacci sequence. We get different results for these clases of octonions, comprised recurrence relation, summation formulas, Binet formula, norm value and generating function.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Bending Behavior of Pre-Stressed Aluminum Tube
Authors: EKŞİ Seçil , GENEL Kenan
Published: March 2019

The effect of the pre-stress and internal Pa6 (cast-polyamide) material
on the bending behavior of the aluminum tube is investigated experimentally. Finite
element studies have been carried out to better understand the effect of
pre-stress on the cross-section of tube and to shed light on the experimental
studies. From the simulation studies, it was concluded that the effect of the
pre-stress on the load carrying capacity of the tube is limited. After finite
element studies, experimental studies were performed. In experimental studies,
the lower cross-section of the tube was subjected to 175 MPa stress
corresponding to 93% of the yield strength of the material. The tensile stress
in the tube during the loading is reduced by applying pressure to the lower
cross section of the tube beam. In addition, a change in the load carrying
capacity of the tube was investigated using a Pa6 ring to delay local buckling.
As a result of the experiments, it was found that the pre-stress significantly
improved the bending behavior of the tube in the elastic region, while reducing
buckling displacement.  Application of both
pre-stress and internally reinforcement enhanced bending performance of the
tube in both elastic and plastic regions. Load carrying capacity of pre-stressed
and internally reinforced tube was increased 1.67 times
according to the base tube.
Цифровые технологии и наркопреступность: проблемы противодействия использованию мессенджера «Телеграм» в распространении наркотиков
Authors: Суходолов Александр , Бычкова Анна
Published: March 2019

В статье охарактеризована роль современных информационных технологий в возникновении такого явления, как бесконтактный способ сбыта наркотиков. Указано, каким образом использование цифровых технологий повлияло на изменение типологии участников незаконного оборота наркотиков. Представлена современная классификация наркопреступников, включающая наряду с традиционными ролями организаторов, координаторов, контрабандистов, наркокурьеров таких участников, как разработчики психоактивных веществ, «маркетологи», «складмены», «диспетчеры», «кураторы», «кадровики», закладчики («кладмены»), «кассиры», «промоутеры» («граффитчики», «райтеры», «трафаретчики», «спамеры»), «коллекторы», «дропы». Анализ противоправного контента, размещенного в мессенджере «Телеграм», позволил авторам выявить 70 телеграм-каналов, насчитывающих десятки тысяч подписчиков. Приведена классификация тематических телеграм-каналов, динамика числа их подписчиков, продемонстрирован охват аудитории в 2018 г. Содержится информация о позиции правоохранительных органов относительно проблем, связанных с блокировкой названного мессенджера, и представлены ответы Федеральной службы РФ по контролю в сфере связи и массовых коммуникаций на обращения граждан о необходимости блокировки отдельных телеграм-каналов. Отмечено, что блокировка ресурса в целом вызывает негативную реакцию в обществе, поскольку мессенджер «Телеграм» является удобным сервисом для мгновенного обмена сообщениями и платформой для размещения легального контента, широко востребованного основной массой пользователей мессенджера. При этом положение дел, когда с его помощью распространяется информация, направленная на вовлечение населения в употребление наркотиков и другие способы их незаконного оборота, представляется недопустимым. Исходя из сложившейся ситуации, авторы предлагают внести в законодательство необходимые изменения, в частности распространить на организаторов сервисов обмена мгновенными сообщениями, предусматривающих размещение пользователями сети Интернет общедоступной информации в сети Интернет и передачу электронных сообщений неопределенному кругу лиц, обязанности и ограничения, предусмотренные Федеральным законом «Об информации, информационных технологиях и о защите информации» от 27 июля 2006 г. № 149-ФЗ в отношении размещения информации.
Eye scan pattern v1
Authors: CAL Lounis Christophe
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the expertise of certified pilots vs. novice on visual behavior strategies and performances. This study focuses mainly on the visual strategies used in the transition from one instrument to another. An eye-tracking study was conducted while pilots (n = 16) and novices (n = 16) performed a manual landing task. During this task, pilots performed twice three different randomized manual landing scenarios. Scenario 1 corresponded to a nominal manual landing. In the two others landings scenarios, pilots were asked to perform a supplementary monitoring task (double-task).The monitoring task consisted in read aloud the distance in nautical miles (Nm) between the aircraft and a designed radio beacon. The pilots were asked to call out the distance either every 0.5Nm (scenario 2) or every 0.2 Nm (scenario 3). Furthermore, the pilot had to comply some specific instructions related to the flight plan such as maintain a speed of 130 knots, a vertical speed between +500 ft/min and -800 ft/min, which corresponds to a usual landing according to Toulouse-Blagnac Airport. A Smart Eye system recorded eye movements of the pilots. The cockpit has been divided into several Areas Of Interest, corresponding to the flight instruments. We are looking for invariants in pilots in the way to explore flight instruments that we do not expect to find in novices. In addition, we expect to find better flight performance among certified pilots. Finally, we expect that finding some patterns in scenario 1, still present among pilots in scenarios 2 and 3, we do not expect to find these results among novices. A homemade algorithm was used to compare the patterns from two to eight consecutive AOIs between groups and between conditions.
Chlamydia trachomatis PCR v1
Authors: Ximena Kiguen Ana , Paola Mosmann Jessica , Fernando Venezuela Raul , Gabriela Cuffini Cecilia
Published: March 2019

OmpA gene PCR: PCR DNA extract (5 μl) was used to amplify a 1087 pb fragment of the ompA gene of C. trachomatis, using primers NRO (5’CTCAACTGTAACTGCGTATTT3’) and NLO (5’ATGAAAAAACTCTTGAAATCG3´). PCR amplification processes commenced with a 4-minute denaturation step at 95°C and continued with 49 amplification cycles. Each cycle consisted of a first denaturation step at 95°C for 1 min, an annealing step at 55°C for 1 min and a final step of chain elongation at 72° C for 1.5 min. Cryptic Plasmid PCR: The primers used to generate a 201-bp fragment from the cryptic plasmid of C. trachomatis were CTP1 (5'-TAGTAACTGCCAClTCATCA-3') and CTP2 (5'-TTCCCCTTGTAATTCGTTGC-3'). The PCR amplification consisted of DNA denaturation at 95°C for 4 min followed by 35 cycles of amplification. Each cycle consisted of 1 min at 95°C, 1 min at 55°C and 1.5 min at 72°C followed by a final elongation at 72°C for 4 min. The ompA gene and cryptic plasmid PCR products were visualized after electrophoresis in a 1% agarose gel by ECO-Gel 20.000X Highway staining. Positive and negative controls were used in all determinations of PCR.
O PROTAGONISMO JUVENIL NA CONSTRUÇÃO DO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE: UMA INTERVENÇÃO EDUCATIVA ON-LINE
Authors: Cavalcante Ana Suelen Pedroza , Vasconcelos Maristela Inês Osawa , Moreira Andrea Carvalho Araújo , Albuquerque Izabelle Mont'Alverne Napoleão , Ribeiro Marcos Aguiar , Farias Quiteria Larissa Teodoro
Published: March 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os efeitos de uma intervenção educativa on-line sobre protagonismo juvenil no SUS. Trata-se de pesquisa-intervenção de abordagem quali-quantitativa desenvolvida com 22 adolescentes de uma escola pública profissionalizante, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2015. Para coleta de informações e avaliação da intervenção optou-se pela aplicação de um questionário antes e após a mesma. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva simples. A intervenção foi promovida a partir do desenvolvimento de um curso on-line, com três unidades de aprendizagem: Saúde - antes e depois do SUS; Participação em Saúde e Protagonismo Juvenil; e Serviços de Saúde. A avaliação da intervenção indica que a mesma potencializou e acrescentou conhecimentos aos adolescentes. Mostra-se, portanto, a relevância da formulação de estratégias promotoras da participação dos adolescentes no SUS e como estas contribuem para a construção e consolidação do mesmo.
PERCEPÇÕES DE RESIDENTES MULTIPROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE SOBRE A INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE
Authors: Baquião Ana Paula de Sousa Silva , Carvalho Simone Meira , Peres Rodrigo Sanches , Mármora Claudia Helena Cerqueira , Silva Wanderson Maurício Duarte , Grincenkov Fabiane Rossi dos Santos
Published: March 2019

O estudo objetiva compreender as percepções de residentes multiprofissionais acerca: (1) das diferentes formas de atuação em equipe no campo da saúde; (2) da interdisciplinaridade nos Programas de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde (PRMSs) aos quais se encontram vinculados; e (3) dos fatores que favoreceriam e dificultariam a sua efetivação. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, com 29 residentes multiprofissionais de duas universidades federais. Os resultados demonstram que há, entre os participantes, dificuldades significativas na distinção entre as diferentes modalidades de trabalho em equipe. Além disso, observou-se que, para a maioria dos participantes, os PRMSs aos quais se encontram vinculados propiciavam a interdisciplinaridade apenas parcialmente, sendo a iniciativa pessoal dos residentes um dos fatores favorecedores, e problemas no diálogo com os profissionais de Medicina um dos fatores dificultadores. O presente estudo, assim, colabora com o debate científico acerca de uma temática essencial para a consolidação e fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Saúde.
EFEITOS DA PRÁTICA DE EXERCÍCIO DE DUPLA TAREFA EM IDOSOS COM DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Siqueira Jéssica Fernanda , Antunes Mateus Dias , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade do , Oliveira Daniel Vicentini
Published: March 2019

O presente estudo objetivou revisar de forma sistemática a literatura atual para sumarizar o efeito de intervenções com dupla tarefa sobre sintomas da Doença de Alzheimer. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Lilacs. Incluíram-se estudos em idosos com Doença de Alzheimer, em tratamento por meio da dupla tarefa. Os quatro estudos incluídos mostraram que as intervenções duraram de 04 a 12 meses, com frequência semanal de duas a três sessões de no mínimo 60 minutos. O tamanho da amostra variou de 10 a 210 idosos. Um dos estudos apresentou a dupla tarefa com enfoque no exercício funcional. Outros dois apresentaram a dupla tarefa junto de exercícios aeróbios, força, resistência, equilíbrio e coordenação motora. Por fim, o quarto grupo utilizou apenas os exercícios de dupla tarefa. Os estudos têm comprovado que o exercício de dupla tarefa pode amenizar e controlar as perdas motoras e cognitivas ocasionadas por esta doença.
EFEITOS DE EXERCÍCIOS PARA ASSOALHO PÉLVICO EM MULHERES IDOSAS DE DIFERENTES NÍVEIS SOCIOECONÔMICOS
Authors: Burti Juliana Schulze , Marino Sueli , Cruz Juliana de Paula da Silva , Spink Mary Jane Paris
Published: March 2019

Este estudo visa avaliar os efeitos de um programa de exercícios para o assoalho pélvico (AP) em mulheres idosas de diferentes níveis socioeconômicos. Trata-se de estudo experimental longitudinal não controlado. Foram avaliadas 57 mulheres divididas em dois grupos, baixo (B) e alto (A) nível socioeconômico, que participaram de cinco encontros semanais de exercícios em grupo e responderam a questionários estruturados antes e após os encontros. O grupo B tinha maior porcentagem de mulheres não-brancas (30,4% versus 5,9%; p = 0,023), com mais dor (52,9% versus 82,6%; p = 0,021), incontinência urinária (2,9% versus 30,4%; p = 0,005), e falta de libido que as do grupo A (46,9% versus 75%; p = 0,046). Ambos os grupos referiram melhora dos sintomas urinários, consciência corporal e do assoalho pélvico após os exercícios em grupo, sugerindo que essa possa ser uma boa estratégia de abordagem de promoção de saúde em idosas de diferentes níveis socioeconômicos.
Electrochemical Investigation of Carbon Nanotube Modified Surfaces Based on Ferricyanide and Guanine Signals for DNA Biosensor Applications
Authors: ARIKSOYSAL Dilşat
Published: March 2019

This study was designed to investigate the performance of carbon nanotubes (CNT) modified carbon paste and carbon printed electrodes (SPE) produced in laboratory conditions. The effect of carbon nanotube use on signal enrichment was determined by using cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) or differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques based on potassium ferricyanide/ ferrocyanide or guanine signal. The application of different activation procedures to the electrode surface such as chemical (H2SO4, acetone, N,N-Dimethylformamide or NaOH) or electrochemical (different potential applications) were presented in this study. It was observed that the activation procedure applied to the nanotube modified electrode has strong effects on signal enrichment. From these procedures it was determined that the guanine signal obtained in activation with NaOH increased about 62-fold. It was also found that different nanotube species gave different responses to the activation processes. The optimum conditions of the nanotube-based biosensor were also presented.
Selfadjointness and Positiveness of the Differential Operators Generated by New Type Sturm-Liouville Problems
Authors: OLĞAR Hayati
Published: March 2019

It is purpose of this paper to investigate
Sturm-Liouville equation on many-interval with the eigenvalue parameter appearing linearly in the
boundary conditions and with two supplementary transmission conditions. The
classical Sturmian theory did not cover such type of many-interval boundary
value transmission problems. For the classical Sturm-Liouville problems it is
guaranteed that the problem is self-adjoint with compact resolvent, the
spectrum is disctrete and consist of eigenvalues and the corresponding
eigenfunctions form an orthogonal basis in the well-known Hilbert space . But the boundary-value-transmission problems are not
self-adjoint and the system of eigenfunctions did not form a basis in the
classical Hilbert space in general. Taking in
view this fact we suggest a new approach for self-adjoint realization of such
type transmission problems. Moreover, we define some new Hilbert spaces to
establish positiveness of corresponding operator-pencil. At first we define a
concept of generalized eigenfunctions for this kind of spectral problems. In
particular it is shown that if the potential  is continuous then the
generalized eigenfunctions satisfies the considered problem is the classical
sense. Then we introduce to the consideration some compact operators such a way
that the considered boundary-value-transmission problem can be reduced to the
appropriate operator-pencil equation. Finally, we prove that this
operator-pencil is self-adjoint and positive definite for sufficiently large
negative values of the eigenparameter. It is important to note that the
obtained results extends classical results associated with regular
Sturm-Liouville problems.
Biosynthesis and Characterizatıon of Silver Nanopartıiles from the Lemon Leaves Extract
Authors: SERDAR Gönül , ALBAY Cansu , SÖKMEN Münevver
Published: March 2019

The synthesis and characterization of Ag nanoparticles from Citrus limonum
(lemon leaves) collected the Eastern Black Sea region was investigated in
this study. A household microwave system device was used for microwave
extraction of lemon leaves samples. The extract was prepared by taking 10g of
dried lemon leaves.  10 g of sample was
shaken in 100 mL of water for 90 min and extracted in a household microwave
device at 4 minutes, 600 W.  Ag
nanoparticles were synthesized that the obtained aqueous solution was taken in
different volumes by mixing 1 mM and 5mM AgNO3 solution. The colloid
solution was subjected to microwave in an oven 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30
minutes at 90, 180, 360 W. Then production of AgNPs, the mixture was watched by
UV-Vis spectroscopy (Shimadzu UVP-1240 spectrophotometer) measurements at
different wavelengths (300 – 800 nm) for SPR of silver nanoparticles. The transition from yellow to a dark brown,
shows the synthesis of silver nanoparticles.
Sb-Contribution Influence on the Characteristics of Spray-Coated SnO2
Authors: TURGUT Güven
Published: March 2019

This work presents that the impact of Sb-additive on the crystalline,
morphological, optical, and electrical features of SnO2.
Sb-incorporated samples were fabricated on glass substrates with spray
pyrolysis. Pyramidal and polyhedron shaped tetragonal Sb-introduced SnO2
grains were identified with XRD and SEM analysis. The degenerate n-type
character for films was determined by electrical and optical characterizations.
The resistivity and sheet resistance values initially decreased with Sb-content
until 1.5 wt. %, then they increased with further Sb-level. However, carrier
concentration increased with 2.5 wt. % Sb-contribution, then it started to goes
down with 3.5 wt. %. The optical band-gap values of samples had a decreasing
tendency with Sb-doping. From the results obtained in the present study, it is
said that Sb-incorporated tin oxide films can be utilized in optoelectronic
implements.
Dimensión jurídica del estado social de derecho
Authors: Cerra Nolasco Eduardo Pablo
Published: March 2019

El presente ensayo trata, como bien lo expresa el título, sobre la dimensión jurídica del Estado Social de Derecho. Se realizará un breve pero sustancioso recorrido histórico a través de la formación del mismo resaltando en cada época la responsabilidad jurídica y económica del Estado, y se mostrarán las implicaciones que tuvo el tránsito del Antiguo Régimen al Estado de Derecho y de éste al Estado “Social” de Derecho, como lo denominaron las Constituciones políticas de la segunda posguerra. Vale la pena mencionar que no nos referiremos solamente al caso particular de Colombia, sino también de otros países que han evolucionado significativamente después de la Revolución Francesa de 1789.
Justicia por mano propia y su relación con el cumplimiento de los componentes paz, justicia e instituciones sólidas como objetivos de desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Berrocal Duran Juan C , MEJIA TURIZO JORGE , Martinez angulo Ivonne
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal  determinar los factores generadores de justicia por mano propia y su relación con el cumplimiento de objetivo de desarrollo sostenible ODS, especialmente en el componente relativo a “paz, justicia e instituciones sólidas”, a fin de establecer si el fenómeno de justicia por medios personales y extralegales puede constituir un indicador del cumplimiento de los ODS. Para la cual se analizaran una serie de variables cuantitativas y cualitativas de sujetos residentes en los sectores con mayores índices de violencia en Barranquilla. El tipo de investigación es de orden explicativo y se aplicó un método de naturaleza inductiva
Derechos humanos emergentes: ¿nuevos derechos?
Authors: Caballero Palomino Sergio Andrés , Cruz Cadena Katerin  Yulieth , Torres Bayona Daniel Fabián
Published: March 2019

El derecho internacional de los derechos humanos es una ciencia jurídica de importancia creciente por la existencia del bloque de constitucionalidad y la validez y preponderancia que sus normas adquieren en el derecho interno. Cada día, se amplía el catálogo de los derechos humanos a través de nuevos instrumentos internacionales como lo son los tratados y la interpretación de los ya existentes adquiere nuevos matices. En ese sentido, han venido irrumpiendo en la última década en este escenario los derechos humanos emergentes, que se consideran nuevos derechos y aún pugnan por un lugar en la normatividad internacional y de los Estados.
Nadando por encima de las aguas
Authors: Latorre Iglesias Edimer Leonardo
Published: March 2019

Siempre recuerdo un aviso publicitario de un colegio en la ciudad donde vivo, este decía “para los niños el mundo siempre es nuevo… para nosotros también”. Esa corta e impactante frase siempre la tengo presente, es posible que sea por el numero de veces que la logre ver cuando recorría esa carretera, o tal vez, por la simple y sencilla razón que ella encierra dos grandes lecciones, absoluta y radicalmente filosóficas: la primera es que la naturaleza propia del conocimiento, lo que lo hace ser precisamente conocimiento es el cambio. La filosofía del cambio que planteo Heráclito es una invitación a enfrentarnos a lo estático y a lo inamovible. El pensamiento científico derivado de esta actitud filosófica por lo tanto es una invitación a pensar para cambiar e irradiar nuestro entorno.
THE PROJECTIONS OF THE ENGLISH POLITICS IN THE CAUCASIA/CENTRAL ASIA AND THE BLACK SEA AGAINST THE RUSSIAN EXPANSIONISM IN THE 19TH CENTURY IN THE WORKS OF EDMUND SPENCER
Authors: KUŞ Ayşegül
Published: March 2019

Russia was born
from a little Moscow principality whose name was only known as the town border
in the 12th century completed her formation in 14th and 16th centuries.  In the mid of the 16th century during the
reign of IV. Ivan (Terrible Ivan) the Muslim khanet called Kazan in the region
of Volga was taken by Russia in 1552. 
Then Russia invaded Astrahan in 1556 and made a great achievement in
order to realize her objectives in the region. Since that date, she had
continued to follow an expansionist policy in the direction of the east and the
south. Especially during the reign of I. Petro, Russia set her own strategic
objectives and considered descending the warmer seas as her main strategy. In
addition, the Central Asia and Caucasia were determined as the major places of
maintenance of Russia as well. In the mid of the 17th century, she was able to
cross the Asia Continent in the eastern direction and she could reach the Pacific
Ocean.  During the 18th century when the
the wars between Ottoman State and Russia resulted against the Ottoman Empire.
Russia also managed to settle in the Black Sea. Thus Russia turned into a big
power and the threat in the north for the Ottoman State. Up on these
developments, Russia became not only a threat for the Ottoman Empire but also
it was considered as a big threat for England, who regarded her Indian route
very essential for her political and economic interests.  In this context, the purpose of this study
aims to analyze and track the politics and the policy followed by England in
order to ınderstand the nature of the political relations and the political
atmosphere in the region in the 19th century through the impressions and
observations of the English traveler named as Edmund Spencer exploiting his
three works thus making some contributions to the field of literature.
Estudio comparativo in vitro de pulido de porcelana feldespática usando instrumentos intraorales y pastas diamantadas.
Authors: López Véjar María Lorena , Proaño Flores Pablo
Published: March 2019

El presente estudio experimental in vitro compara mediante el uso de un rugosímetro (Surftest - III, Mitutoyo), la rugosidad superficial de porcelana feldespática abrasionada y después pulida, usando diferentes procedimientos con instrumentos intraorales como fresa diamantada grano fino, kits de pulido y pastas diamantadas de diferente granulación. Para el grupo control, las muestras fueron glaseadas y luego pulidas usando instrumentos extraorales en un laboratorio dental. Se realizaron pruebas estadísticas ANOVA y de comparación múltiple. Los resultados indican que una combinación adecuada de una fresa de diamante grano fino, las 3 gomas del kit Porcelain Polishing (Jota) y las pastas diamantadas Diamond Polish (Ultradent) de 1 pm y de 0,5 pm, usados en ese orden producen una menor rugosidad superficial en las muestras. Estos hallazgos son importantes ya que indican como alternativa, el pulido intraoral, después de abrasionar una restauración cerámica.
Incidencia de bolsas periodontales en terceros molares erupcionados como determinante para la extracción profiláctica de los mismos.
Authors: Paredes Castrillón Melissa , Sandoval Portilla Fernando José
Published: March 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar si es necesario la extracción profiláctica de terceros molares asintomáticos, por la presencia de bolsas periodontales mayores a 3mm en la zona de los terceros molares y en distal del segundo molar adyacente al mismo.Se analizaron 30 pacientes al azar, que tuvieran al menos un tercer molar en boca; el cual se encuentre asintomático y que no tenga enfermedades sistémicas que pueden afectar la salud del periodonto como es la diabetes, hipertensión, cáncer, inmunodeficiencias, epilepsia, entre otras; el método de análisis fue mediante un sondaje por vestibular y palatino/lingual, en mesial medio y distal con una sonda calibrada de 3 en 3mm.De los 30 pacientes; 60% fueron hombres mientras 40% fueron mujeres, la muestra posee una edad de 18 años en adelante.Del total de pacientes analizados el 71,08% de los mismos presentó al menos 1 bolsa periodontal con un sondaje mayor a 3mm en la región de los terceros molares, obteniendo una probabilidad de dicho suceso de 0,7; por otro lado únicamente el 20,48% de los mismos presentaron caries. En los 76 segundos molares analizados en la zona distal adyacente al tercer molar presente; 69,74% de los mismos presentó igualmente un sondaje mayor a 3mm; no obstante la dependencia de estas variables es negativa ya que el valor obtenido fue de: Sig. = 0.125 > 0.05.Se llegó a la conclusión que es recomendable la extracción profiláctica de los terceros molares.
Comparación de la fuerza de adhesión entre el ionómero de vidrio y la resina compuesta, con y sin grabado ácido
Authors: Romero Thaís Chávez , Torres Sofía Mantilla
Published: March 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar si la utilización del grabado ácido sobre el ionómero de vidrio (Vitremer) mejora la fuerza de adhesión con la resina compuesta. Se analizaron 30 incrustaciones de ionómero de vidrio (Vitremer) de 2mm de grosor y 12 mm de diámetro, montadas en un bloque cilíndrico de acrílico con 4 cm de alto y 2 cm de diámetro. Una vez hechas estas 30 muestras se separaron en tres grupos de 10. En el primer grupo se realizó una restauración de resina sin la utilización del ácido fosfórico, se aplicó 2 capas de adhesivo (3M ESPE Adper Single Bond Plus) sobre el ionómero de vidrio y posteriormente se colocó 3 mm de resina compuesta. En el segundo grupo se colocó ácido fosfórico al 35% durante 15 segundos sobre el ionómero de vidrio previo a la colocación adhesivo y de la resina, y finalmente en el tercer grupo se colocó ácido fosfórico durante 30 segundos previo a la colocación de los sistemas adhesivos y de la resina. Las muestras fueron almacenadas en agua destilada a 37˚C durante 5 días antes de ser sometidas a pruebas de cizalla. La fuerza de adhesión fue calculada en megapascales (MPa) y analizada estadísticamente. Los promedios fueron comparados con los métodos de Bonferroni y de Tukey Kramer, calculado a un nivel de significancia de 0,05.Del total de muestras analizadas, el grupo 1 obtuvo un promedio de 4,73 MPa siendo el grupo con mayor fuerza registrada, seguido por el grupo 2 con un promedio de 4,36 MPa y finalmente el grupo 3 con menor fuerza registrada con un promedio de 3,90 MPa. Al realizar los análisis estadísticos se obtuvieron resultados en los que no existieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los tres grupos. En la prueba de igualdad de varianzas del test de Bonferroni los tres grupos presentaron un valor de 1,0 el cual es mayor a 0,05 por lo que no son significativos. En cuanto test de Tukey Kramer, se realizó un estudio comparativo entre los tres grupos y se obtuvo que el grupo 1 versus el grupo 2 presentó un valor de 0,922, el grupo 1 versus el grupo 3 presentó un valor de 0,665 y finalmente el grupo 2 versus el grupo 3 presentó un valor de 0,880. Por lo tanto, los tres grupos tuvieron valores mayores a 0,05, lo cual determina que no son diferentes significativamente. Se llegó a la conclusión que el uso del ácido fosfórico sobre el ionómero de vidrio (Vitremer) puede o no ser omitido en un procedimiento operatorio utilizando resina compuesta.
Evaluación del sistema de pulido con instrumentos de alta y baja velocidad para determinar qué tipo de fresa otorga un mejor pulido y causa menor agresión al espesor del esmalte dental al momento de retirar la resina residual del bracket después del tratamiento ortodóncico
Authors: Brito Carolina , Carrillo Diego
Published: March 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar in vitro mediante microscopia electrónica de barrido el espesor del esmalte después de realizar el pulido de la resina residual al momento de retirar los brackets y así determinar qué tipo de fresa causa menos daño a la superficie del esmalte. Se analizaron 67 premolares superiores e inferiores humanos que fueron extraídos por motivos ortodóncicos y se comparó cinco tipos de fresas: fresa de diamante de grano fino, fresa de diamante de grano grueso, piedra de Arkansas, fresa de carburo tungsteno y fresa de fibra de vidrio, las mismas que fueron utilizadas con instrumentos de baja y alta velocidad al momento de realizar el protocolo de pulido para eliminación la resina residual después del tratamiento de ortodoncia. Una vez que se obtuvo las muestras, el método de análisis fue realizado mediante cortes en el microscopio electrónico de barrido para evaluar el espesor del esmalte. Mediante las microfotografías del esmalte obtenidas se observó el tipo de desgaste que causa cada fresa en la superficie del esmalte y también se apreció que las fresas empleadas en instrumentos de alta velocidad causaron mayor agresión en comparación a las fresas empleadas en instrumentos de baja velocidad. Se llegó a la conclusión que la fresa de diamante grano grueso es la que mayor desgaste causó y la fresa de fibra de vidrio fue la que menos desgastó consiguiendo un pulido más conservador.
Estudio experimental comparativo in vitro de la eliminación del barrillo dentinario en el tercio apical entre QMix y EDTA 17% con activación ultrasónica pasiva
Authors: Gudiño Carolina , Monar Coloma Johanna
Published: March 2019

La presente investigación evaluó la capacidad de remoción de barrillo dentinario de EDTA al 17% (EUFAR) y QMix (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa,OK, USA), activados con irrigación ultrasónica pasiva durante 1 minuto (PUI). El estudio se realizó en 22 premolares unirradiculares extraídos. Se instrumentaron los conductos con la técnica rotatoria Protaper. Para la irrigación final se dividieron en 2 grupos: A (QMix) y B (EDTA 17%) ambos activados con PUI durante 1 minuto. Se hemiseccionaron las raíces dentales longitudinalmente y una mitad fue llevada a observación bajo microscopio electrónico de barrido con aumento de 2000X. Para obtener los resultados veinte y dos fotografías tomadas en el microscopio electrónico de barrido de los grupos experimentales fueron evaluadas cuantitativamente dos veces en orden aleatorio por dos observadores con un intervalo de siete días sin tener conocimiento de los resultados anteriores. Los resultados indican que la proporción de túbulos dentinarios abiertos fue de 82,7% para QMix y 50,8% para el EDTA 17%. Actualmente el nuevo irrigante QMix proporciona desinfección y eliminación de barrillo dentinario en una sola irrigación final, teniendo resultados exitosos.
Comparación in vitro de la efectividad en la obturación con el uso de dos sistemas de obturación: sistema ProFile Vortex y condensación lateral en frio, utilizando el estereoscopio
Authors: Santillán Jane , Viteri Ana Cristina
Published: March 2019

El objetivo de presente estudio fue determinar el mejor sellado de obturación endodóncica al comparar el área con mayor gutapercha (PAG) en el tercio apical del conducto radicular después de obturar con dos técnicas: la condensación lateral en frío y el sistema termoplastificada con transportador de gutapercha, obturadores endodóncicos ProFile Vortex (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK). Veintiocho premolares humanos extraídos uniradiculares con una mínima curvatura basado en el método de Schneider, fueron instrumentados con el sistema rotatorio ProFile Vortex, estandarizados hasta la lima apical 35, conicidad 0,06, y dividas aleatoriamente en dos grupos de catorce dientes cada uno, para obturarlos con los dos métodos. Luego los dientes fueron seccionados horizontalmente a 5 mm del ápice y cada tercio apical se analizó a 40x con estereoscopio a través de fotografías, en las que se midió el área de sellada con gutapercha convirtiendo estos datos en porcentajes con Photoshop CS5.1; estos datos se sometieron a la prueba no paramétrica de Wilcoxon. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que a 5mm del ápice, el sistema portador de gutapercha ProFile Vortex (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK), produjo significativamente zonas selladas de gutapercha más altas (p <0,05) y, por ende, una mejor obturación que la técnica de condensación lateral.
Determinación del pH y Contenido Total de Azúcares de Varias Bebidas No Alcohólicas: su Relación con Erosión y Caries Dental
Authors: Suh Hwadam , Rodríguez Estefanía
Published: March 2019

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los valores de pH y el contenido total de azúcares de diferentes bebidas ácidas y dulces, dada su relación con la aparición de erosión y caries dental. Se utilizó 23 bebidas: 2 aguas, 5 refrescos gaseosos, 2 jugos naturales de frutas, 4 jugos industriales, 5 bebidas energizantes, 2 bebidas deportivas, y 3 tés industriales. Estas bebidas fueron sometidas a pruebas químico-analíticas para determinar el pH y el nivel de azúcar. El pH de las bebidas presenta un rango entre 2,30 y 3,40, a excepción del agua destilada (grupo control) y agua sin gas de Dasani con 6,54 y 6,23 respectivamente. La bebida con pH más ácido fue la Coca-Cola (2,30) y la menos ácida fue el Sprite (3,40). El contenido de azúcar de la mayoría de las bebidas fue sobre los 25 gramos en un envase de ½ L. Las bebidas más dulces fueron la limonada y el energizante Monster, ambos con 63 gramos en ½ L, el agua destilada, el agua sin gas de Dasani, la Coca-Cola Light y Sprite-Zero tuvieron 0 gramos de sacarosa/azúcar. La bebida con pH más bajo y con mayor cantidad de azúcar fue la limonada. La mayoría de las bebidas analizadas presentan un nivel de pH inferior al pH crítico (5,5) para iniciar la desmineralización del esmalte dental y, por consiguiente, la erosión dental, y niveles de azúcar altos con valores asociados a la aparición de caries.