bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tourist destination: the questions of the marketing strategy forming
Authors: Кривошеева Татьяна , Krivosheeva Tatiana
Published: December 2014

The article is connected with the main methods of the domestic tourist destination marketing strategy forming for realization it at the domestic and world markets. It’s materials shows a global characteristics of the tourists market and it’s influence at the Russian destination promotion and the position conditions. The tourist destination position and promotion system is represented as an action direction with a common conceptual line, connected with each other. Product placement, tourist’s call-centers, QR-code technology, national tourist offices, internet-promotion content and TV-content, polygraph content of different format, polylinguistic SMART-application are represented as the strategic marketing actions realization tools with direct or aid return connection. The article tells us about the marketing destination strategy forming and realization in Russia problem revealing. Of course, the marketing destination strategy has to be developed in the context of the national tourist product promoting federal measures. The article contents the federal marketing strategy formation principles. Moreover, it is mentioned a low expenses methods of positioning and promoting. More in the article was scrutinized the tradition and proactive content-marketing methods. It’s determined the purposes consumer audience studies aimed on the directions determination of the search optimization, priorities within the tourist SMART-applications and mobile navigation systems development. The article contents the marketing strategy destination typical structure with step-by-step plan of forming and implementation.
INFORMATION MODELING IN PLANNING THE CUTTING OF TIMBER
Authors: Чевычелов  , Chevychelov Yu.
Published: December 2014

The paper discusses how to create and use models of the original data in an object-oriented subsystem calculate SIM metric supply. The article shows how the modeling of the source information allows to minimize the total computation time, while maintaining ade-quatest of the meet the requirements of the task. The work was carried out with the use of mathematical software and create models, algorithms, data processing, simulation of processes, creation of programs by means of a visual programming technology of formation of symmetrical supply. System-technological approach has been the common methodological basis
Application of reminiscence therapy for dementia in practice
Authors: McFadden Gerald , Gillespie Mark
Published: December 2014

Reminiscence therapy (RT) is one of a number of therapeutic interventions used to promote the wellbeing of older adults with dementia. RT has long been promoted as an intervention that benefits service users, families and staff by assisting in the delivery of person-centred care and enabling carers to get to know the person behind the illness. However, the need for more research into RT and conflicting clinical guidelines mean RT has not been standardised in its delivery and is not readily available to those who could benefit from it. This article examines the use of RT to improve the mood of an older adult with dementia by a third-year mental health student while on clinical practice placement.
Language matters
Authors: Clarke Elinor
Published: December 2014

Elinor Clarke, Senior Midwfery Lecturer, Coventry University discusses the importance of language and correct use of terminology when disseminating your work.
Module 2. Protecting, promoting and supporting breastfeeding
Authors: Spiro Alison
Published: November 2014

Overview

This module focuses on the latest research into the advantages of breastfeeding and aspects of child and maternal public health. It looks at communication skills and supporting women through different breastfeeding situations and challenges, baby-led breastfeeding, attachment and positioning, growth charts and the prevention of obesity.
Module 7. Pharmacological Management of Wound-related Pain
Authors: Vuolo Julie
Published: November 2014

Overview

This module concentrates on the drugs commonly used in the management of wound-related pain. The module contains an overview of wound-related pain and its pharmacological management, with self-assessments to consolidate your learning and help you achieve the stated learning outcomes. The module provides a detailed introduction to the topic. Further reading is recommended to gain a greater understanding of the complexity of wound-related pain on patients, and how its management can be a challenge for health professionals on a daily basis.
Module 18. Update on pharmacological options in the management of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Meetoo Danny
Published: November 2014

Overview

This module focuses on a selection of commonly prescribed oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The module contains an overview of the global incidence of diabetes, followed by an introduction to glucose homeostasis, pathophysiology, and clinical interventions in the management of patients with T2DM. The module provides a detailed introduction to the topic. Further reading is recommended to gain a greater understanding of the burden of T2DM in people diagnosed with this condition together with its impact on NHS resources.
Module 13. The Basics of Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Novak Barbara V
Published: November 2014

Overview

The purpose of this module is to increase your knowledge and understanding of the principles of pharmacokinetics. It is anticipated that by exploring some of the biophysical processes and pharmacological variables involved in the liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs and their metabolites you will be able to make better decisions about drug treatments and patient-specific pharmacokinetics. This module provides a succinct introduction to the topic and offers a number of reflective activities and multiple-choice questions for self-assessment that will help you achieve the learning outcomes specified.
Module 14. Pharmacological Management of Heart Failure
Authors: Thomson Robert
Published: November 2014

Overview

This module is focussed on commonly used drugs in the management of heart failure. It contains a detailed introduction to, and an overview of, the pathophysiology of heart failure and the pharmacological management of this condition, with self-assessments to consolidate your learning and to help you achieve the stated learning outcomes. Further reading is recommended to gain a deeper understanding of the complexity of heart failure.
Module 20. The role of nurse prescribers in the multidisciplinary team
Authors: Bradley Eleanor , Riley Cathy
Published: November 2014

Overview

The purpose of this module is to outline and discuss the opportunities for nurse prescribers working within multidisciplinary teams across a range of health services. There will be an introduction to the single competency framework for prescribing (National Prescribing Centre, 2012), accompanied by reflective activities to help you consider how to implement the framework into your prescribing practice. Multiple choice questions are provided for self-assessment to help you achieve the learning outcomes.
Preparation of Nanoemulsions Containing Curcumin by High Pressure Homogenization
Authors: Jo Yeon-Ji , Lee Seul-Bee , Lee Jae-Kwon , Kwon Yun-Joong
Published: December 2014

Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with a variety of beneficial activities. However, its application as a functional ingredient is currently limited because of its poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability. In this study, oilin- water nanoemulsions containing curcumin were prepared by microfluidization to improve solubility and bioavailability of curcumin. The effects of emulsifier type and concentrations, the homogenizing pressure (40-140 MPa) and number of cycles on particle size parameters and stability of nanoemulsions were investigated. The results showed that particle size of the nanoemulsion was considerably decreased from 126 nm to 55 nm with increasing homogenization pressure, number of cycles and emulsifier concentration. The optimum conditions for nanoemulsion preparation were determined to be homogenization pressure of 120 MPa and 3 cycles. The storage study showed that the curcumin nanoemulsions were physically stable for about 8 weeks at room temperature.
Analytical Method Validation of Ellagic Acid as a Marker Compound for the Standardization of Black Raspberry Extract as a Functional Ingredient
Authors: Chae Kyu Seo , Son Rak Ho , Park Song Yie , Kim Ki-An , Lee Tae-Bum , Kwon Ji-Wung
Published: December 2014

Validation of ellagic acid as a marker compound in the standardization of black raspberry extract developed for functional health food, was attempted by an analytical method. Ellagic acid was validated for its LOD (limit of detection), LOQ (limit of quantitation), precision, accuracy, and recovery by HPLC relative to the black raspberry extract. It showed a high linearity in the calibration curve with a coefficient of correlation (R2) of 0.9999. The LOD and LOQ were 0.6 μg/mL and 1.9 μg/mL, respectively. The results of the recovery test were 89%-100%. The intraday and inter-day precision in the ellagic acid for black raspberry extract was 0.28-1.96% and 0.69-2.49%, respectively. Therefore, the application of ellagic acid was validated in analytical method as a marker compound in black raspberry extract.
Antioxidative and Anticancer Activities of the Betatini Cultivar of Cherry Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme) Extract
Authors: Kim Hyen Ryung , Ahn Jun Bae
Published: December 2014

The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a cherry tomato (Betatini cultivar) as a functional food and food material by measuring total polyphenol and flavonoid content, antioxidative and anticancer activities. The contents of polyphenols and flavonoids were 11.02±1.98 mg and 4.53±0.59 mg per gram of dried cherry tomato, respectively. The antioxidative activity of the cherry tomato extract was verified by measuring α-α-Diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (DSA), 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity (ASA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Half of the radical scavenging concentrations (IC50) of DSA and ASA were 340.26±4.28 μg/mL and 350.77±7.79 μg/mL, respectively. The FRAP value was 25.47±0.79 μmol Fe,2+/g. The effects of the cherry tomato extract on the growth of normal liver cell (Chang), normal lung cell (Hel299), lung cancer cell (A549), cervical cancer cell (HeLa) and liver cancer cell (HepG2) were also investigated using MTT assay. The cherry tomato extract showed high growth inhibition effects against HeLa and HepG2 cell. These results indicate that the Betatini cultivar of cherry tomato would be a functional food and food material.
Purification of β-Mannanase from Bacillus sp. and the Effects of Picea abies Galactosyl Glucomannomannan Hydrolysates on the Growth Activity of Bifidobacterium spp.
Authors: Lee Myung-Seok , Park Young-Seo , Park Gwi-Gun
Published: December 2014

β-Mannanase from Bacillus sp. was purified by DEAE sephadex column chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 21.57 units/mg protein, representing an 95.33-fold purification of the original crude extract. The final enzyme preparation obtained showed a single band on the SDS-PAGE and its molecular weight was estimated to be 38.9 kDa. Galactosyl glucomannan from Picea abies was hydrolyzed using the purified β-mannanase, and then the hydrolysates were separated by activated carbon column chromatography. The main hydrolysates were composed of galactosyl glucomannooligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 8 and 10. To investigate the effects of Picea abies galactosyl glucomannanooligosaccharides on the growth of the following: Bifidobacterium longum, B. bifidum, B. animalis, B. breve, B. infantis, B. adolescentis, and B. auglutum, each Bifidobacterium spp. was cultivated into the modified-MRS medium containing galactosyl glucomannooligosaccharides with DP 8 or 10 as a carbon source. The growth of B. animalis increased 19.5-fold and 18.7-fold by the treatment of galactosyl glucomannooligosaccharides with DP 8 and 10, respectively, compared to that of the standard MRS medium. B. bifidum grew 15.3 and 14.3-fold and B. longum grew 15.2 and 13.9-fold by the treatment of galactosyl glucomannooligosaccharides with DP 8 and 10, respectively. Especially, galactosyl glucomannooligosaccharides with DP 8 was more effective than that with DP 10 on the growth of B. animalis, B. bifidum and B. longum.
Characterizing the Carbon Footprint of Wood Pallet Logistics
Authors: Carrano Andres L. , Thorn Brian K. , Woltag Henry
Published: December 2014

Pallets are one of the basic building blocks of supply chains. Pallets are the most common unit-load platform used across the world and allow for efficient and seamless handling, storage, and transportation of goods. Every year, 500 million new pallets are manufactured and become part of the large pool (roughly 2 billion) of pallets that are in circulation in the United States. Wood remains the most common pallet material, accounting for more than 90 percent of the inventory and applications worldwide. As companies strive to become more sustainable, a thorough understanding of the environmental impacts of every aspect of their logistics operations becomes critical. Among the many factors affecting the life cycle of wood pallets are the pallet structural design, logistics management approach, and service environment conditions. This work is the result of a comprehensive 2-year study on the operations and practices that take place during a wood pallet life cycle. In this article, a prescribed approach for estimating the carbon footprint, or greenhouse gas emissions, that arise across all phases of a pallet life cycle, is presented. In addition, the impact of contributing materials, processes, and activities in each phase is quantified. The findings presented in this article provide a foundation to guide strategies on pallet design and returnable container network and policy design.
Adapting to a Changing Landscape: How Wisconsin Loggers Persist in an Era of Parcelization
Authors: Conrad Joseph L.
Published: December 2014

The average forest landowner in Wisconsin owns fewer than 30 acres, and in 2014, landowners with as few as 10 acres of forestland were eligible to enroll in a tax program that required periodic timber harvests. These factors point to a need for loggers capable of profitably harvesting small parcels of timber. A series of in-person interviews were conducted with representatives of 15 Wisconsin logging firms previously identified as successful at harvesting small parcels of timber. Ninety-two percent of mechanized loggers had harvested parcels of 10 acres and smaller within the past year. Eighty-five percent of mechanized loggers were willing to harvest parcels as small as 5 acres assuming that only a short move (<5 mi) was required between timber sales. The average direct moving cost for mechanized loggers was $406 per move, versus an estimated $778 when the costs of idle employees and equipment are included. Seventy-seven percent of the participants in this study purchased at least half of the timber that they harvested, and 85 percent performed services other than timber harvesting, such as establishing food plots, as a procurement tool. This study demonstrates that properly equipped Wisconsin loggers are profitably harvesting small parcels of timber; however, loggers and other timber buyers must recognize the additional costs associated with these harvests and adjust stumpage rates to compensate for these costs.
Production and characterization of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Bacillus sp. isolated from Cuban soil
Authors: Sánchez Kárel Hernández , Martínez Mora Marlene María , Ramírez Héctor Luis
Published: December 2014

A cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) from an alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. strain, isolated from Cuban soil, was purified with Sephadex G-50 with a yield of 66.5%. The CGTase was stable over a very wide pH range, 6.0–10, at 25°C and was most active at pH 7.5. The enzyme exhibited an optimum temperature of 60°C and was stable to 50°C for at least 8 h. The T
50 value – defined as the temperature at which 50% of the initial activity was retained–was 63°C in this enzyme. The influence of substrate or product concentration on the initial rate of CD production was studied, and the kinetic parameters were determined. The analysis of kinetic parameters K
m and V
max was obtained by the action of CGTase on the starch of corn with respect to β-CD, and the values were 4.1 g/L and 5.2 μM β-CD/min ml, respectively. The purified CGTase from Bacillus sp. could be used for an efficient cyclodextrin (CD) production which is the significant yield of γ- CDs.
Flachheitsbasierte Trajektorienoptimierung entlang von Wegpunkten für ein lineares Ballbot-System
Authors: Diepold Klaus J. , Albers André , Guggemos Tobias
Published: December 2014

In diesem Beitrag wird ein flachheitsbasierter Trajektorienentwurf entlang von Wegpunkten für eine neue Variante eines mobilen Roboters (Ballbot) vorgestellt. Dazu wird der flache Ausgang des linearisierten Ballbot-Systems hergeleitet und interpretiert. Auf Basis eines abschnittsweisen polynomialen Trajektorienverlaufs wird ein Optimierungsproblem zur Minimierung der Transitionszeit derart formuliert, dass an den Wegpunkten stets ein stationärer Fahrzustand (Fahrt mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit bzw. ohne Beschleunigung) vorliegt. Dabei werden Zustands- und Eingangsbeschränkungen berücksichtigt. Durch eine günstige Initialisierung der Optimierungsparameter wird eine perfomante Initialtrajektorie erhalten und so eine Onlineplanung ermöglicht. Ein beispielhafter Trajektorienentwurf zeigt die Effektivität des Ansatzes.
Decentralised control of an electro-pneumatic adjustable impedance actuator
Authors: Misgeld Berno J. E. , Stille Joergen , Leonhardt Steffen
Published: December 2014

We present a decentralised
controller design for the novel ElectroPneumatic Adjustable Impedance Actuator (EPAIA).
EPAIA is designed as a rotational, back-drivable actuator, applying a rotary
pneumatic element, used as a pneumatic spring in series to a brushless direct-current motor in the gear
train. The actuator control consists of two coupled loops. Following a squaring down procedure,
an impedance controller is presented for the torque loop using an ℋ2-optimal controller design
employing additional constraints on passivity. The stiffness between motor and
load is controlled by a PID-type controller including a decoupling pre-filter. Robust stability
is verified by structured singular value analysis and the decentralised
control strategy and the actuator are validated in simulations and on a test-bench.
Systematic Bailout Guarantees and Tacit Coordination
Authors: Bertsch Christoph , Calcagno Claudio , Le Quement Mark
Published: December 2014

Both the academic literature and the policy debate on systematic bailout guarantees and Government subsidies have ignored an important effect: in industries where firms may go out of business due to idiosyncratic shocks, Governments may increase the likelihood of (tacit) coordination if they set up schemes that rescue failing firms. In a repeated-game setting, we show that a systematic bailout regime increases the expected profits from coordination and simultaneously raises the probability that competitors will remain in business and will thus be able to “punish” firms that deviate from coordinated behaviour. These effects make tacit coordination easier to sustain and have a detrimental impact on welfare. While the key insight holds across any industry, we study this question with an application to the banking sector, in light of the recent financial crisis and the extensive use of bailout schemes.
Feasibility of Financing a Basic Income
Authors: Arcarons Jordi , Raventos Pañella Daniel , Torrens Mèlich Lluís
Published: December 2014

This article describes the main results obtained from a microsimulation model designed by the authors in order to analyze the possibilities of financing a Basic Income (BI) in the territory of Catalonia on the basis of information provided by the IRPF (personal income tax) system. The BI proposal guarantees the material existence of the population and is not only desirable but also feasible.
A proposal for patient-tailored supervision of movement performance during end-effector-based robot-assisted rehabilitation of the upper extremities
Authors: Hennes Michael , Bollue Kai , Arenbeck Henry , Disselhorst-Klug Catherine
Published: December 2014

Millions of people worldwide suffer from stroke each year. One way to assist patients cost-effectively during their rehabilitation process is using end-effector-based robot-assisted rehabilitation. Such systems allow patients to use their own movement strategies to perform a movement task, which encourages them to do self-motivated training but also allow compensation movements if they have problems executing the movement tasks. Therefore, a patient supervision system was developed on the basis of inertial measurement units and a patient-tailored movement interpretation system. Very light and small inertial measurement units were developed to record the patients’ movements during a teaching phase in which the desired movement is shown to the patient by a physiotherapist. During a following exercise phase, the patient is training the previously shown movement alone with the help of an end-effector-based robot-assisted rehabilitation system, and the patient’s movement is recorded again. The data from the teaching and exercise phases are compared with each other and evaluated by using fuzzy logic tailored to each patient. Experimental tests with one healthy subject and one stroke patient showed the capability of the system to supervise patient movements during the robot-assisted end-effector-based rehabilitation.
Reference interval for immature platelet fraction on Sysmex XN hematology analyzer: a comparison study with Sysmex XE-2100
Authors: Ko Young Jin , Hur Mina , Kim Hanah , Choi Sang Gyeu , Moon Hee-Won , Yun Yeo-Min
Published: December 2014

Recently introduced hematology analyzer, the Sysmex XN modular system (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan), has newly adopted a florescent channel to detect platelets and immature platelet fraction (IPF). This study aimed to establish new reference intervals for %-IPF and absolute number of IPF (A-IPF) on Sysmex XN. Platelet counts, %-IPF, and A-IPF were also compared between Sysmex XN and XE-2100 systems (Sysmex).

Except outliers, blood samples from 2104 healthy individuals and 140 umbilical cord blood were analyzed using both Sysmex XN and XE-2100. The results of two systems were compared using Bland-Altman plot. The reference intervals for %-IPF and A-IPF were defined using non-parametric percentile methods according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guideline (C28-A3).

The platelet counts, %-IPF, and A-IPF showed non-parametric distributions. The mean difference between Sysmex XN and XE-2100 in healthy individuals revealed a positive bias in platelets (+8.0×10

This large-scale study demonstrates a clear difference of platelet counts and IPF between Sysmex XN and XE-2100. The new reference intervals for IPF on Sysmex XN would provide fundamental data for clinical practice and future research.
Regulation of flavin-containing mono-oxygenase (Fmo3) gene expression by steroids in mice and humans
Authors: Esposito Teresa , Varriale Bruno , D’Angelo Rosalia , Amato Aldo , Sidoti Antonina
Published: December 2014

Flavin-containing mono-oxygenases (FMOs) are a family of microsomal chemical- and drug-metabolizing enzymes. FMO3 is a major FMO form in adult mouse and human liver. FMO3 mutations have been associated with the incidence and severity of trimethylaminuria (TMAU), a metabolic disorder characterized by the inability of the affected individual to metabolize the odorous trimethylamine to its non-odorous N-oxide. In addition to this primary genetic form, there are other forms of TMAU that support the hypothesis that FMO3 activity may be modulated by steroid hormones. To understand the molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of Fmo3 gene expression by steroid hormones, we performed this study in an in vitro cellular system, mouse liver cells, and on the human FMO3 gene. Dexamethasone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, thyroid hormone, and progesterone had no effect on the accumulation of Fmo3 mRNA. The use of increased concentration of theophylline inhibited estrogen receptor α (ERα)-mediated transcription of Fmo3 mRNA. 17β-Estradiol inhibited Fmo3 mRNA accumulation. The use of ICI 164,384 abolished the inhibitory effect induced by estrogen. Gel-shift analyses showed a binding in the 5′ region of the Fmo3 gene. This binding was abrogated by an excess of a cDNA containing an estrogen-responsive element. An estrogen-binding site was also present in the first intron of the human gene, as demonstrated by the gel-shift assay. Supershift experiments confirmed the binding of ERα in both mouse and human samples. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed the binding of ERα in the promoter region of mouse Fmo3 and in the first intron of the human FMO3 gene. Thus, 17β-estradiol plays a fundamental role in the regulation of Fmo3 gene transcription.
Visual and sensorimotor cortices mapping during awake resection of lesion on the right periatrium: a case report on brainwaves and their peculiar patterns
Authors: Idris Zamzuri , How Ch’ng Chee , Abdullah Jafri Malin
Published: December 2014

Background: Advances in neurosurgery have allowed for more sophisticated mapping of various eloquent neural structures including the visual cortex. Applications of various modalities of new technologies allow accurate brain mapping for neurosurgical planning and preservation of functions in patients with lesions involving the eloquent cortex. The authors demonstrate the use of various new technologies for accurate presurgical planning, preservation of brain functions, and depiction of patterns of cortical brainwaves, which relate to motor networks and continuous visual stimuli.

Methods: A patient with a right periatrial lesion involving the optic radiation with no visual field deficits was operated under an awake state and under continuous contralateral electrocorticography and visual monitoring. Presurgically, extra-operative brain mapping for visual-, sensory-, and motor-evoked magnetic fields were completed using magnetoencephalography (MEG). The dipole areas were identified, and the images were fused with a 116-region cortical brain atlas. The ideal trajectory was planned based on these images and diffusion tensor imaging (tractography). The trans-sulcal approach via the inferior parietal lobule was elected. Prior to resection, intra-operative stimulation and mappings were done and continuous visual-evoked potentials were monitored during the actual resection.

Results: A good agreement for eloquent areas was identified based on extra-operative MEG and intra-operative neurostimulation mappings. The patient had no new neurological or visual-field deficits after the surgery. Certain patterns of brainwaves for motor cortex and visual stimulation were obtained: (a) spikes at the contralateral sensorimotor area when the motor strip was stimulated and (b) up-down and dense-loose continuous visual-evoked brainwaves at the occipital pole toward flashing checkerboard visual stimulation.

Conclusions: A combination of extra- and intra-operative brain mappings should ideally be done in patients harboring lesions near eloquent areas. The continuous visual-evoked potential monitoring, using a grid electrode and flashing checkerboard and contralateral sensorimotor responses, observed in our case is interesting and needs further studies.
Endoscopic anatomy of the intracisternal oculomotor nerve: a new segmentation based on the topography of the arachnoid membranes
Authors: Kurucz Peter , Baksa Gábor , Patonay Lajos , Thaher Firas , Hopf Nikolai J.
Published: December 2014

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the detailed endoscopic anatomy of the intracisternal portion of the oculomotor nerve and to update the present knowledge of its related anatomy with the newest research on the topography of the arachnoid membrane system of the skull base.

Methods: This study was performed on 50 fresh human cadaveric specimens post-mortem not more than 72 h. In each specimen, the intracranial arterial system was injected with red gelatin solution. We used the endoscope-controlled and endoscope-assisted microsurgical techniques applied through the minimally invasive supraorbital keyhole craniotomy to perform our dissections.

Results: We divided the intracisternal oculomotor nerve into three segments in this study. These are the interpeduncular segment, located in the interpeduncular fossa and surrounded by dens arachnoid trabeculae around the thalamoperforating arteries; the tentorial segment, located between the posterior cerebral and superior cerebellar arteries and the posterior petroclinoid fold and surrounded by the elements of the clival and tentorial arachnoid membrane groups; and the trigonal segment located on the surface of the oculomotor trigone between the posterior petroclinoid fold and the dural exit of the nerve into the cavernous sinus and surrounded by the posteriorly located membranes of the carotid membrane group.

Conclusions: Our findings support the more accurate understanding of the physiology of the arachnoid membrane system and the pathophysiology of space-occupying lesions in the region of the oculomotor nerve. Therefore, our results may support performing more atraumatic surgery in this area.
Erfassung von Informationskompetenz mithilfe von Multiple-Choice-Fragebogen
Authors: Beutelspacher Lisa
Published: December 2014

Das effektive Suchen, Finden und Nutzen sowie das Erstellen und Indexieren von Informationen wird mit der zunehmenden Masse an Publikationen und Medien zu einer notwendigen Fähigkeit im 21. Jahrhundert. Diese Informationskompetenz wird nicht mehr nur von Information Professionals wie Bibliothekaren, sondern von allen Teilnehmern der Wissensgesellschaft erwartet. In dieser Arbeit werden die Fähigkeiten, die eine informationskompetente Person besitzen sollte, in einem Kriterienkatalog zusammen getragen. Um den Stand der Informationskompetenz unter Schülern, Studierenden, Lehrern und Wissenschaftler testen zu können, wurden zielgruppenspezifische Multiple-Choice-Fragebogen entwickelt, die das Wissen der jeweiligen Probanden im Gebiet der Informationskompetenz erfassen.
Die Dokumentation der Compliance – Ganzheitliches Management aus Sicht des Informationspraktikers
Authors: Hempel Christian
Published: December 2014

Compliance bringt neue Aufgaben für das Informations- und Wissensmanagement mit sich. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich aus der Sicht eines Dokumentars mit den neuen Anforderungen an die Informationspraxis, am Beispiel des Entwurfs eines Compliance-Dokumenta­tionssystems. Die Untersuchung geht der Frage nach, ob und wie die Methoden des Dokumentationswesens und des Wissensmanagements die Entwicklungen im Compliance-Management unterstützen können. Die Analyse beginnt mit einer Einführung in das Thema Compliance allgemein und verbindet es von da ausgehend mit dem geschäftsprozessorientierten Wissensmanagement. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Frage nach einem Compliance-Dokumentationssystem mit gängigen dokumentarischen und informationstechnischen Mitteln. Dabei werden auch Potentiale semantischer Technologien für die Dokumentation und Analyse von Compliance-Dokumenten angesprochen und zum Schluss thesenartig der mögliche Aufbau eines Compliance-Dokumentationssystems beschrieben.
Bedeutung von Informationen im Rahmen eines Compliance Management Systems (CMS)
Authors: Makowicz Bartosz
Published: December 2014

Compliance in einer Organisation bedeutet die Einhaltung der Regel durch alle Organisationsmitglieder zum Zwecke der Vermeidung schwerwiegender Folgen, wie etwa Sanktionen und Reputationsschäden. Hauptziel ist dabei die Verankerung einer nachhaltigen Compliance-Kultur in einer Organisation. In diesem Prozess stehen die Information und ihre Verwaltung im Mittelpunkt. Der Autor zeigt, wie facettenreich und grundlegend das Informationsmanagement im Rahmen eines Compliance Management Systems ist.
Silver nanoparticles influenced rat serum metabolites and tissue morphology
Authors: Adeyemi Oluyomi Stephen , Adewumi Ifeoluwa , Faniyan Temiloluwa O.
Published: December 2014

Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly and extensively being applied for biomedical purposes. However, studies on the safety/toxicity profiles of AgNPs are limited. This necessitates the further studies in this direction. Here, we studied the effect of AgNP administration on rat serum metabolites and tissue morphology.

Methods: Rats were randomly distributed into eight groups of five animals each. Oral administration of AgNPs to rats at 100, 1000, and 5000 mg/kg was done daily and carried out for 7, 14, and 21 days alternately. The control received distilled water. Animals were sacrificed under diethyl ether anesthesia 24 h after cessation of last treatments. The blood and vital organs were harvested and prepared for biochemical and histopathology examinations, respectively.

Results: Data revealed that AgNP administration at the different dosages caused elevated serum urea and creatinine levels. On the other hand, levels of inorganic phosphate in rat serum following administration of AgNPs were significantly (p<0.05) reduced. Also, administration at 1000 and 5000 mg/kg AgNPs in rats decreased serum levels of sodium. In contrast, AgNP administration in rats caused elevated (p<0.05) serum potassium levels. The histopathological presentations show diverse inimical alterations to cellular architecture in rats administered with AgNPs.

Conclusions: We show evidence suggesting that AgNPs may have potential to adversely affect the kidney functions as well as capability to cause myriad of cellular damage.
Reclaiming Commons Rights: Resources, Public Ownership and the Rights of Future Generations
Authors: Mishori Daniel
Published: December 2014

The claim that the public “owns” natural resources or public spaces is an event that has recurred in the past decade in Israeli social and environmental struggles and campaigns. Analyzing two high-profile issues – the Palmachim beach and the controversies over the offshore natural gas revenues and export – this paper argues that the rhetoric of public ownership reveals an emerging “commons sense,” a public consciousness of collective ownership of natural resources and public space, interwoven with a sense of responsibility for their long-term preservation and for future generations. The paper shows that the rhetoric of public ownership is best accounted for by The Commons discourse, which conceptualizes resistance to enclosure (privatization), reclaiming public rights and affinity with future generations. The paper surveys various conceptions of the commons discourse and its possible integration with human rights. So far, discussion of the Commons with relation to human rights emphasized the rights to subsistence and to a healthy environment, i.e. derivatives of the basic human rights for life and health, the standard list of environmental rights. However, in order to conform to the sentiments of Israeli “commoners,” commons rights should also affirm public ownership rights over natural and shared resources which, when understood as inherently diachronic and trans-generational, implicate also sustainability and long-term social and intergenerational justice. These rights may conflict with the Lockean conception of private property as curved off the commons. Therefore, conceptualizing such rights necessitates rethinking the idea of private property versus public and future-generations’ collective good.
Registries
Authors: Arruñada Benito
Published: December 2014

Governments and international development agencies often fail in their efforts to build and reform property and company registries. They implement misguided policies rooted in a poor understanding of the role that registries play in the modern economy. This work aims to remedy this situation by first presenting a theory of registries as market-enabling institutions which, by making private contracts verifiable by judges, enable truly impersonal (i.e., asset-based, in rem) trade without endangering property enforcement. The theory is then applied to discuss and guide major policy decisions that reformers face in the areas of land titling and business formalization, emphasizing the principle of registry independence, identifying courts as the key users of registries, clarifying the main choices of titling and formalization projects, and pointing out the presence of diseconomies of scope between contractual and administrative registries.
Instrumental characterization of geological materials and their synthetic analogs
Authors: Murad Enver
Published: December 2014

The mineralogy of geological samples is generally determined by optical microscopy or X-ray diffraction. 57Fe Mössbauer and Raman spectroscopies are effective alternative non-destructive nuclear and vibrational instrumental techniques that can – in conjunction with the former procedures, and all the more when these fail – serve for mineral characterization. In favorable cases these spectroscopic techniques enable, beyond a mere general characterization, the conclusive identification of selected minerals.
Effect of liquid butadiene rubber on mechanical properties of polyamide 11/polyamide 12 blends
Authors: Simek Jan , Dockalova Veronika , Hrdlicka Zdenek , Duchacek Vratislav
Published: December 2014

Polyamide 11 (PA 11)/polyamide 12 (PA 12) blends with and without liquid polybutadiene (LB) containing isocyanate end groups (LBD) were prepared in the Brabender plastograph. The rubber was added in order to increase the impact strength of the polyamides. Tensile strength and elongation at the upper yield point and hardness were also measured. Thermal properties were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to determine functional groups of polyamides and to reveal possible reactions between the polyamides and LBD. Intrinsic viscosity, measured by an Ubbelohde viscometer, was used to calculate molar mass. The LB has been found as a useful modifier of impact strength.
Remarks on the chronology of the Lengyel culture in the western half of the Carpathian Basin based on the analysis of funerary assemblages
Authors: Diaconescu Dragoş
Published: December 2014

Methoden der

Les nouvelles méthodes de datation et d’analyse des correspondances et AMS nous permettent de préciser et d’améliorer les schémas de chronologie relative dont nous disposons. Ainsi, pour la culture de Lengyel, (également connue sous le nom de Groupe morave-autrichien oriental), des schémas de chronologie absolue sont disponibles, mais la situation du Bassin des Carpates est actuellement différente: il n’existe pratiquement aucune date publiée pour la culture de Lengyel dans cette région. Un nouveau modèle chronologique pour la culture de Lengyel est proposé ici, sur la base d’une étude de la céramique retrouvée dans les ensembles funéraires qui fait usage de la méthode de l’analyse des correspondances et des approches Bayésiennes. Il en résulte que certains synchronismes (tels Lengyel I and II = Néolithique final = cultures de Tisza-Herpály: Lengyel III = Chalcolithique ancien = culture de Tiszapolgár) ne semblent plus valables.

The AMS data and correspondence analysis methodology could correct and improve the relative chronology picture. For Lengyel culture (also named Moravian-Eastern-Austrian group) absolute chronological models have already been proposed. In Carpathian Basin the situation is quite different for the moment. Almost no absolute data are published for Lengyel culture in this area. A new chronological model for Lengyel culture is proposed based on the morphological aspects of the pottery inventory from funerary contexts and using correspondence analysis cross-checked by Bayesian approaches. The most interesting fact is that relative chronology synchronisms such as Lengyel I and II = Late Neolithic = Tisza-Herpály cultures and Lengyel III = Early Copper Age = Tiszapolgár culture do not seem to be valid anymore

Modelarea datelor AMS şi utilizarea analizei de corespondenţă, ca şi metode de lucru, pot îmbunătăţi şi corecta tabloul cronologiei relative. Pentru cultura Lengyel (numită şi Grupul Morav – est-austriac) au fost deja propuse modele cronologice absolute. În Bazinul Carpatic situaţia este la acest moment un pic diferită. Extrem de puţine date radiocarbon pentru cultura Lengyel sunt publicate pentru acest areal. Un nou model cronologic al culturii Lengyel este propus aici, bazat pe analiza aspectelor morfologice ale inventarului ceramic provenit din contexte funerare. Analiza de corespondenţă, dublată de abordări Bayesiene ale datelor 14C, au fost folosite ca şi metode de lucru. Cel mai interesant aspect al rezultatelor obţinute este faptul că sincronisme ale cronologiei relative de tip Lengyel I–II = Neolitic Târziu = culturile Tisza-Herpály şi Lengyel III = Epoca Timpurie a Cuprului = cultura Tiszapolgár par a nu mai fi valabile.
Influence of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide amount on the properties of silica-filled epoxidized natural rubber-based composites
Authors: Al-Hartomy Omar A. , Al-Ghamdi Ahmed A. , Al Said Said A. Farha , Dishovsky Nikolay , Mihaylov Mihail
Published: December 2014

The aim of the present article is to investigate the influence of the amount of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide on the curing characteristics and mechanical and dynamic properties of rubber composites based on epoxidized natural rubber (Epoxyprene 50) filled with 70 phr silica. The obtained results showed that although the interaction between the epoxy groups of epoxidized natural rubber and the silanol groups of silica through hydrogen bonds improves the dispersion of filler in the rubber matrix, the presence of silane coupling agents is necessary to obtain rubber compounds and vulcanizates with good vulcanization characteristics and mechanical and dynamic properties.
1200 Jahre von Abrahams Geburt bis zum Tempelbau
Authors: Koenen Klaus
Published: December 2014

According to the salvation-historical concept of the Hebrew Bible (MT), Solomon started building the temple exactly 1200 years after Abraham was born. The 480 (= 12 × 40) years between the exodus and the building of the temple are preceded by 430 years in Egypt, which correspond to the 430 years between the building of the temple and its destruction, according to biblical chronology. The 430 years in Egypt are preceded by the 215 years (half of 430) of the ancestors’ stay in Canaan. In order to ensure that events align with the time period of 1200 years, Abraham’s move to Canaan is dated in his 75

Selon la conception de l’histoire du salut de la Bible hébraïque (TM), Salomon aurait débuté la construction du Temple exactement 1200 ans après la naissance d’Abraham. La période de 480 (= 12 × 40) ans entre l’Exode et la construction du Temple est précédée par les 430 ans du séjour en Egypte, qui correspondent aux 430 ans qui séparent la construction du Temple de sa destruction, selon la chronologie biblique. Les 430 ans en Egypte sont précédés par 215 ans (moitié de 430) de séjour des Patriarches en Canaan. Afin d’obtenir le chiffre global de 1200 ans, la migration d’Abraham en Canaan a été datée de sa 75ème année. Ces dates veulent indiquer que c’est Dieu qui dirige l’histoire; elles ne sont en conséquence pas exploitables historiquement.

Nach der heilsgeschichtlichen Konzeption der Hebräischen Bibel (MT) begann Salomo mit dem Tempelbau genau 1200 Jahre nach Abrahams Geburt. Den 480 (= 12 × 40) Jahren zwischen Exodus und Tempelbau gehen 430 Jahre Ägyptenaufenthalt voran, die den 430 Jahren entsprechen, die dem Tempelbau nach biblischer Chronologie bis zur Tempelzerstörung folgen. Den 430 Jahren in Ägypten gehen 215 Jahre (Hälfte von 430) der Väter in Kanaan voran. Um auf insgesamt 1200 Jahre zu kommen, wurde Abrahams Umzug nach Kanaan in sein 75. Lebensjahr datiert. Die Daten wollen zeigen, dass Gott die Geschichte lenkt; sie sind folglich historisch nicht auswertbar.
The Body and Its Boundaries: The Coherence of Conceptual Metaphors for Job’s Distress and Lack of Control
Authors: de Joode Johan
Published: December 2014

There is a cluster of metaphors that is constitutive of Job’s description of his situation, but that has not been researched systematically, viz. boundary metaphors. The present contribution uses cognitive linguistic insights to uncover and explain several metaphors that use the concepts

Il est une série de métaphores constitutives de la description par Job de sa situation qui n’ont pas encore été étudiées de manière systématique, à savoir les métaphores-limites. Cette étude utilise les acquis de la linguistique cognitive afin de dévoiler et d’élucider diverses métaphores dans le livre de Job, celles qui utilisent les concepts d’

Es gibt eine Reihe von Metaphern, die für Hiobs Beschreibung seiner Situation konstitutiv, aber noch nicht systematisch erforscht worden sind, nämlich Begrenzungs-Metaphern. Der vorliegende Beitrag benutzt Einsichten der kognitiven Linguistik, um im Buch Hiob verschiedene Metaphern aufzudecken und zu erklären, die die Konzepte
Historical Candidates for the Fallen King in Sirach 10,10
Authors: Gregory Bradley C.
Published: December 2014

Sirach 10,9–11 describes an arrogant king who comes to his death very suddenly. While previous scholarship has focused on Ptolemy IV and Antiochus III as the probable historical referents, it is argued here that the mysterious death of Alexander the Great is more likely to be the model.

Sir. 10,9–11 décrit un roi arrogant qui voit sa mort survenir soudainement. Alors que la recherche antérieure y voyait les figures de Ptolémée IV et Antiochus III comme modèles historiques probables, la présente étude soutient que le modèle en est fourni par la mort mystérieuse d’Alexandre le Grand.

Sir 10,9–11 beschreibt einen arroganten König, der sehr plötzlich zu Tode kommt. Während frühere Forschung sich auf Ptolemäus IV. und Antiochus III. als wahrscheinliche historische Vorbilder konzentriert hat, wird in diesem Beitrag die These vertreten, dass der mysteriöse Tod Alexanders d. Gr. das wahrscheinlichere Vorbild darstellt.
Natural genetic variation impacts expression levels of coding, non‐coding, and antisense transcripts in fission yeast
Authors: Clément‐Ziza Mathieu , Marsellach Francesc X , Codlin Sandra , Papadakis Manos A , Reinhardt Susanne , Rodríguez‐López María , Martin Stuart , Marguerat Samuel , Schmidt Alexander , Lee Eunhye , Workman Christopher T , Bähler Jürg , Beyer Andreas
Published: November 2014

Our current understanding of how natural genetic variation affects gene expression beyond well‐annotated coding genes is still limited. The use of deep sequencing technologies for the study of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) has the potential to close this gap. Here, we generated the first recombinant strain library for fission yeast and conducted an RNA‐seq‐based QTL study of the coding, non‐coding, and antisense transcriptomes. We show that the frequency of distal effects (trans‐eQTLs) greatly exceeds the number of local effects (cis‐eQTLs) and that non‐coding RNAs are as likely to be affected by eQTLs as protein‐coding RNAs. We identified a genetic variation of swc5 that modifies the levels of 871 RNAs, with effects on both sense and antisense transcription, and show that this effect most likely goes through a compromised deposition of the histone variant H2A.Z. The strains, methods, and datasets generated here provide a rich resource for future studies.