bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Swertiamarin exerts anticancer effects on human cervical cancer cells via induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell migration and targeting of MEK-ERK pathway
Authors: Wang Xinxiang , Wang Tao
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the anticancer effects of swertiamarin against taxol- resistant human cervical cancer cells.Method: Cell viability was investigated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5–diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay while colony survival was evaluated by clonogenic assay. Apoptotic cell death was assessed by AO/ETBR staining and western blotting techniques. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using 2,7, dicholoro dihydrofluoresceindiacetate (H2DCFDA) staining.Cell migration and invasion were monitored with Transwell chamber assay. Western blotting assay was used to determine the expression levels of proteins of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.Results: Swertiamarin induced dose- and time-dependent inhibition of proliferation of HeLa cervical cancer cells (p < 0.05). It also suppressed the colony formation potential of HeLa cells, and induced various structural modifications in HeLa cells. Swertiamarin exposure resulted in the formation of earlyapoptotic, late-apoptotic and necrotic cells, and significant modulation of apoptosis-allied proteins. It was observed that the migration and invasion of HeLa cells were potentially suppressed in dose-reliant fashion by swertiamarin. Western blotting results showed that the expressions of p-MEK and p-ERK were markedly reduced, while those of MEK and ERK were unaffected (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Swertiamarin exerts in vitro anticancer activity against cervical cancer cells (HeLa). Thus, it is promising for use in cervical cancer chemotherapy. However, there is need for confirmation of these findings through further in vivo and in vitro investigations.

Keywords: Swertiamarin, Gentianaceae, Triterpene Sapogenin, Cervical cance
Antidiabetic potential of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract in type 2 diabetic rats, and its mechanism of action
Authors: Anwer Tarique , Safhi Mohammed M. , Makeen Hafiz A. , Alshahrani Saeed , Siddiqui Rahimullah , Sivakumar SM , Shaheen Emad S. , Alam Mohammad Firoz
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To explore the antidiabetic potential of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in type 2 diabetic rats, and the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 40 mg/kg was given to high fat diet (HFD)- fed rats to induce type 2 diabetes. M. oleifera leaf extract at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were given to 3 groups of type 2 diabetic rats. The area under curve (AUC) of glucose and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-R) were calculated using appropriate formulas, whereas levels of glucose,insulin, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPARγ, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα) were assayed using ELISA kits.Results: The leaf extract of M. oleifera significantly reduced the levels of glucose, insulin and cytokines in treated type 2 diabetic groups (p < 0.05). DC group had significantly increased AUC for glucose, whereas the extract-treated groups showed significant  decrease in glucose AUC. There was significant decrease in insulin sensitivity parameters, as indicated by increase in HOMA-R and decrease in PPARγ levels in the DC group (p < 0.05). However, treatment with the M. oleifera extract reversed this trend via marked decrease in HOMA-R level and significant rise in PPARγ level. In contrast, the extract had no effect on DPP-IV concentration in diabetic treated groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: These results indicate that M. oleifera leaf extract mitigates hyperglycemia in type 2 DM by modulating hyperinsulinemia, PPARγ and inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the extract is a potential source of drug for the management of type 2 DM.

Keywords: Moringa oleifera, Diabetes mellitus, Streptozotocin, Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ, Dipeptidyl peptidase IV
Protective effect of leaf extract of Ficus carica L. against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic toxicity in mice and HepG2 cell line
Authors: Hira Syeda , Gulfraz Muhammad , Naqvi S.M. Saqlan , Qureshi Rehmat Ullah , Gul Hina
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine the in vivo and in vitro hepatoprotective effects of Ficus carica.Methods: The methanol leaf extract of Ficus carica L was further fractionated into n-hexane, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions. For in vivo study, male albino mice were divided into twelve groups. Hepatotoxicity was induced in the mice using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The extract of F. carica and its fractions were administered at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. Silymarin was used as standardhepatoprotective drug. The protective effects of the extract and fractions were determined via assay of biochemical parameters and antioxidant enzymes in the liver. The histopathology of the liver was also studied. Moreover, the in vitro hepatoprotective effect of the extract and fractions against CCl4-induced damage was determined in HepG2 cell line.Results: There were significant increases in the serum levels of liver biomarkers in CCl4-treated group, whereas treatments with plant extract and fractions significantly reduced the levels of these parameters (p < 0.05). In addition, results from histopathology revealed evidence of protective effect of Ficus carica through reversal of CCl4-induced decreases in the activities of liver antioxidant enzymes.Conclusion: These results indicate that methanol leaf extract of Ficus carica L. and its fractions exert significant and dose-dependent hepatoprotective effects in vivo and in vitro.

Keywords: Ficus carica, Hepatoprotection, Carbon tetrachloride, Liver biomarkers
Effect of Hedyotis diffusa Willd extract on gouty arthritis in rats
Authors: Wang LanFang , OuYang Fang , Ma Yan , Sun Rui , Tan ShiWei , Xiao Liu , Yang QuanWei , Yang QuanWei
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Hedyotis diffusa Willd extract (HDWE) on gouty arthritis in rats.Method: Monosodium urate (MSU) crystal was injected into the ankle joint of rats to establish a rat model of gouty arthritis. HDWE (4.8, 9.6 and 19.2 g/kg) was administered to the rats treated with MSU crystals. The walking behavior of the rats was observed daily, and the gait score was calculated to evaluate the Oswestry disability index of rats. Levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in lavage fluid of articularcavities were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The synovial tissues of joint of control, model and 19.2 g/kg HDWE group rats were obtained and NLRP3 inflammasome was analysed by Western blot.Results: The results showed that HDWE ameliorated the symptoms of gouty arthritis and gait score in rats significantly (p < 0.05). Further pharmacological experiments showed that all doses of HDWE decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α (p < 0.05), and inhibited NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β and IL-18 protein expressions of the lavage fluid of articular cavities in MSU crystal-treated rats (p < 0.01).Conclusion: The results indicate that HDWE exhibits a significant effect in ameliorating gouty arthritis via inhibition NLRP3  inflammasome, and thus is a potential new drug choice for the treatment of gouty arthritis.

Keywords: Hedyotis diffusa, Caspase, Gouty arthritis, Inflammatory cytokines, NLRP3 inflammasom
Protective effect of Wuling mycelia, alone and in combination with valproic acid, on pentylenetetrazolinduced epilepsy in rats
Authors: Wei Liming , Cao Boqun , Jia Chen , Zhang Rui , Liu Yuting , Qiao Yujun
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine the inhibitory effects of Wuling mycelia, alone and in combination with valproic acid (VPA) on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epileptic seizure in rats, and their protective effects on cognitive impairment.Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control (sham), model, Wuling mycelia, VPA and combination groups. Rats in Wuling mycelia group were given oral Wuling mycelia alone at a dose of 594 mg/kg, while those in VPA group were given oral VPA alone at a dose of 189 mg/kg. In the combination group, rats received oral VPA at a dose of 189 mg/kg co-administered with Wuling mycelia at a dose of 594 mg/kg. One hour after the treatments, the control group was injected with physiological saline intraperitoneally, while the other four groups were injected with PTZ solution once a day for 28 days. Subsequently, seizure intensity, cognitive impairment, neuronal loss and hippocampal expressions of IL-1β, NF-ĸB/p65 and TLR4 were determine in all groups.Results: Combined use of Wuling mycelium and VPA significantly reduced the frequency and the grade of seizures (p <0.01), and also decreased the degree of cognitive impairment (p <0.05). There were marked increases in neuronal damage and hippocampal  expression levels of NF-ĸB/p65, TLR4 and IL1β (inflammatory cytokines) in the model group (p < 0.05). However, these changes were  reversed in the combination treatment group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Wuling mycelia is a potentially effective adjunct drug for the treatment of refractory epilepsy. The underlying mechanism might involve downregulations of NF-ĸB/p65, TLR4 and IL-1β.

Keywords: Wuling mycelia, Refractory epilepsy, Seizure, Traditional Chinese medicine, Hippocampal area, HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB  signalling pathway, IL-1β, NF-ĸB/p65, TLR4
Synthesis and characterization of some new Schiff base derivatives of gabapentin, and assessment of their antibacterial, antioxidant and anticonvulsant activities
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Farrukh , Khan Mohsin Abbas , Ahmad Irshad , Aslam Naveed , Khurshid Umair
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To synthesize and characterize some new gabapentin Schiff base derivatives, and to assess their antibacterial, antioxidant and antiepileptic activities.Methods: Four Schiff base derivatives of gabapentin, termed G1, G2, G3 and G4, were synthesized by condensation with benzoin, vanillin, acetophenone, and benzophenone, respectively. Their chemical identities were established by FTIR, 1 H NMR and 13C NMR techniques. The new compounds were screened for antibacterial activity using agar well method, antioxidant activity by DPPH assay, and anticonvulsant activity against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced seizures in mice.Results: All the compounds showed antibacterial activity against the test strains to variable degrees, while the parent drug did not exhibit antibacterial activity. The zones of inhibition of compound G2 against Micrococcus luteus (36.2 ± 1.0 mm) and Serratia marcescens (28.2 ± 1.0 mm), and of compound G4 against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (36.8 ± 1.0 mm) were larger compared to thestandard drug, doxycycline, exhibiting zones of inhibition 28.2 ± 1.3, 28.2 ± 0.9 and 20.0 ± 0.9 mm, respectively. In addition, compounds G1 and G2 possessed significantly greater (p < 0.05) radical scavenging activity (82.3 ± 1.8 and 92.3 ± 2.2 %, respectively) than the precursor drug, gabapentin (63.2± 2.6 %). The seizure scores for compounds G1 (0.7 ± 0.06) and G2 (0.9 ± 0.07) were comparable(p ˃ 0.05) with gabapentin (0.8 ± 0.06), while compounds G3 and G4 were less active (p < 0.05) than gabapentin.Conclusion: Compounds G1 and G2 exhibit good antibacterial and antioxidant activities while retaining the anticonvulsant activity of the parent drug, gabapentin, thus making them suitable candidates for further development for the treatment of neurodegenerative pathologies associated with bacterial infections.

Keywords: Gabapentin, Antibacterial, Seizures, Antioxidant, Anticonvulsant
Relationship between adherence to anti-diabetic medication and depression among patients with diabetes mellitus in three selected Chinese hospitals
Authors: Luo Haidong , Lin Yin , Li Jia , Xu Weiguo
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine the relationship between adherence to anti-diabetic medication and depression among patients with diabetes mellitus in three hospitals in Chinese.Methods: This research utilized a quantitative and descriptive design, and included 200 diabetic patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for recruitment through a convenient sampling technique. The study applied Beck’s depression inventory II scale for assessment of depression, and a questionnaire for adherence to anti-diabetic medication.Results: A total of 64 (32 %) participants had diabetes for 6 to 10 years. There was a high level of adherence to anti-diabetic medication in 96 patients (48 %); 74 participants (37 %) had moderate adherence to anti-diabetic medication, while 30 patients (15 %) had low adherence. A majority of the patients (181, 90.5 %) had no depression. Six (6) patients (3 %) had mild mood disturbance, 2 patients (1 %) had borderline clinical depression, while 11patients (5.5 %) experienced moderate depression.Adherence to anti-diabetic medication was not associated with depression (p = 0.068). However, depression was associated with age ˃ 50 years (p = 0.041), female sex (p = 0.043), long duration of illness (> 5-years) (p = 0.048), and presence of one or more comorbidities (p = 0.049).Conclusion: There was no association between adherence to anti-diabetic medication and depression among diabetic patients.

Keywords: Adherence to anti-diabetic medication, Beck’s depression inventory II, Depression, Diabetes mellitus
Utilization of adjusted body weight for dosing unfractionated heparin in obese patients with venous thromboembolism: A retrospective matched cohort study
Authors: Alessa Mohammed , Gramish Jawaher , Almodaimegh Hind , Khobrani Moteb A. , Hornsby Lori , Alhifany Abdullah A.
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of adjusted body weight (AjBW)-based dosing of unfractionated heparin (UFH) in obese patients vis a vis actual body weight (ABW)-based dosing in non-obese patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE).Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for obese and non-obese patients initiated on UFH for treating VTE from September 2013 to December 2014. Patients were excluded from the study if they were under 18 years old, developed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia during treatment, received thrombolytic therapy prior to UFH, or received UFH at a dose that did not follow the institution’s protocol. The primary objective was to assess the efficacy of dosing UFH based on AjBW in achieving a therapeutic activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) within the first 24 h in obese patients, in comparison to the standard ABW-dosing for non-obese.Results: Of the 57 patients included in the study, 27 patients (47.4 %) were obese, and 30 patients (52.6 %) were non-obese; 16 (59.25 %) of the obese patients achieved a therapeutic aPTT within the first 24 h of AjBW-based dosed UFH, while 18 (60 %) of the non-obese patients achieved a therapeutic aPTT within the first 24 h of ABW-based dosed UFH (p = 0.45).Conclusion: AjBW-based dosing of UFH in obese patients demonstrates comparable efficacy to ABWbased dosing in non-obese patients.

Keywords: Obesity, Unfractionated heparin, Venous thromboembolism, Adjusted body weight, Ideal body weight
Effect of miR-200c on nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the probable molecular regulatory mechanism involved
Authors: Xu Sheng , He Wenxia
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine the effect of micro-ribonucleic acid-200c (miR-200c) on biological function of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and the likely molecular regulatory mechanism involved.Methods: Thirty (30) nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues and para-cancerous normal tissues were taken from patients undergoing surgery in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan from September 2018 to January 2020. The expression levels of miR-200c in the two types of tissues were determined. Cells of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line HNE1 were cultured to about 70 % growth prior to transfection with blank plasmid, PINI and miR-200c analogs. After 48 h of culture, control group, PINI group, and miR-200c over-expression + PINI group were obtained. The expression levels of PINI and changes in centrosomes in each group were measured, and changes in cell migration in each group were determined using Transwell migration assay.Results: Compared with para-cancerous normal tissues, the expression level of miR-200c in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was  significantly increased (p < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the PINI expression level and cell migration ability in miR-200c overexpression tissue were markedly decreased, while the percentage of extra centrosomes was markedly increased. Compared to miR-200c over-expression tissue, the PINI expression level and cell migration ability in the miR-200c overexpression + PINI group were markedly raised, while the percentage of extra-central somatic cells was significantly decreased (p < 0.05).Conclusion: MiR-200c may inhibit the migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by inhibiting the expression of PINI and inhibiting abnormal expansion of centrosomes.

Keywords: MiR-200c, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Biological function, Molecular regulatory mechanism
Expression levels of apoptotic factors in a rat model of corticosteroid-induced femoral head necrosis
Authors: Fu Yongliang , Han Xiaoqiang , Xue Jiangang , Bai Hao , Sun Haibiao
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To study the expression levels of apoptotic factors in corticosteroid-mediated femoral head necrosis (FHN) in rats.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 60) bred adaptively for one week were randomly assigned to control and model groups (30 rats/group). A rat model of corticosteroid-induced femoral head necrosis was established. Then, 3 mL of blood drawn from the inferior vena cava of each rat was used for the assay of the expression levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteoclast differentiation factor (RANKL) in each group using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The caspase-3- and Bcl-2-+ve cells in each group were determined with immunohistochemical method.

Results: Relative to control, serum OPG level of model group was significantly decreased, while the RANKL level was markedly raised (p < 0.05). The degree of empty lacunae in the model rats was markedly increased, relative to control. Caspase-3-+ve cells were more numerous in the model group than in control, while Bcl-2-positive cells were markedly decreased compared to control (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Apoptosis occurs in the rat model of femoral head necrosis. Glucocorticoids may regulate the apoptotic process by  upregulating caspase-3 and inhibiting Bcl-2. This provides a novel lead for FHN therapy.

Keywords: Femoral head necrosis, Corticosteroid, Glucocorticoid, Apoptosis
Characterization and biodistribution of trans resveratrol-PEG-folic acid-gold nanoparticle conjugates
Authors: Gumala Azhoma , Sutriyo  , Saputri Fadlina Chany
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics and biodistribution of trans resveratrol-PEG-folic acid-gold nanoparticle conjugates (rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP).

Methods: Gold nanoparticles were produced by citric reduction followed by conjugation of PEG-folic acid and resveratrol. Characterization of rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP conjugates including their particle size, zeta potential, and by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was carried out. Biodistribution study of rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP was carried out using female Sprague Dawley rats. Biodistribution data were obtained from high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis.

Results: The mean particle size and zeta potential of rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP were 249.03 ± 10.31 and - 36.33 ± 3.12 mV, respectively. TEM images showed rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP conjugates formed spherical shape. Rsv-PEG-FA-AuNP conjugates found in plasma, kidney (1.90 ± 0.20 μg/g), spleen (2.65 ± 1.18 μg/g), liver (1.74 ± 0.03 μg/g), and lung (1.82 ± 0.12 μg/g), after 90 minutes intravenous administration (i.v.) in female Sprague Dawley rats. No free resveratrol was found in plasma, kidney, or spleen after i.v administration in female dawdle Sprague Dawley rats.

Conclusion: Resveratrol-PEG-FA-AuNP conjugates appear to be a potential chemotherapy delivery system for active targeting purposes because of its longer systemic circulation and its accumulation in the kidney.
Protective effect of Rhus chinensis Mill. extract against liver cirrhosis in rats
Authors: Pan Zirong , Cheng Qiang , Chen Heyan , Lin Longhai , Liao Weijia , Guo Donglai , Zhuang Jianmin
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To study the effect of Rhus chinensis Mill. extract (RCME) on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver cirrhosis in rats.

Methods: RCME was obtained by extracting the dried Rhus chinensis Mill. in water. Liver cirrhosis rat model was prepared by injecting with DEN once a week for 8 weeks. After 8th-week of RCME treatment, biochemical index and oxidative stress were determined in DEN-induced liver cirrhosis in rats.

Results: Compared with model group, plasma concentrations of alanine transaminase (ALT, 125.3 ± 4.1 U/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST, 152.4 ± 3.5 U/L) decreased significantly (p < 0.01) in the 8th week. Rhus chinensis Mill. extract (RCME) significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA, 0.18 ± 0.02 umol/L) and superoxide dismutase (SOD, 0.76 ± 0.05 U/mg protein) in DEN-induced liver cirrhosis in rats (p < 0.01) when compared with model group.

Conclusion: RCME protects against diethylnitrosamine-induced liver cirrhosis in rats. However, further investigations are required to ascertain the plant extract’s suitability for the clinical management of liver cirrhosis.
Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism on patients with in-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Abdelaziz Tarek A. , Mohamed Randa H. , Balata Gehan F. , El-Azzazy Omar Y.
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the association between common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene and the risk of in-stent restenosis (ISR) and/or the response to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ACEI in individuals with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) after stent implantation.

Methods: The total population of this study consisted of 200 Egyptian individuals divided into 2 groups - in-stent restenosis (ISR) and non ISR group). Genomic DNA was withdrawn from EDTA whole blood applying a spin column approach and ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: Carriers of allele D of ACE gene were significantly more liable to ISR occurrence. However, carriers of allele I were significantly more liable to ISR occurrence after administration of ACEI. There is a negative interaction between DD genotype of ACE gene and ACEI administration on ISR after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, there is a positive interaction between II and ID genotype of ACE gene and ACEI administration on ISR after PCI with bare metal stents (BMS).

Conclusion: It is beneficial to implement ACEI in therapeutic regimen in individuals with ID or II genotypes of ACE gene, especially with BMS implementation.
Therapeutic effect of cycloserine combined with anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Zhao Yang , Si Mabin , Li Zhihui , Yu Xiulei
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The present study analyzes the comprehensive therapeutic effect of cycloserine, in combination with anti-tuberculosis drugs using chest X-ray and chest CT (computed tomography) scan techniques.

Methods: A total of 90 patients, diagnosed with multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) were subjected to chest x-ray and CT scan before and after treatment in the two groups. Different views such as sagittal, coronal, lung window and multiplanar imaging of mediastinal window were taken. Some parameters such as case detection rate (CDR) in chest X-ray and CT scan and comprehensive curative effect were observed in two groups. Further, the changes in chest CT signs in addition to absorption of focus, cavity closure and changes in CT extra pulmonary signs were also observed.

Results: The clinical profile of the patients and the course of disease were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Total effectiveness rate and case detection rate (CDR) values exhibited a significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). Lung consolidation, nodules and cavities significantly improved in both groups before and after the treatment (p < 0.05). Both groups showed significant improvements in extrapulmonary signs in CT scan (p < 0.05) after the treatment.

Conclusion: Based on the study outcomes, the CT scan method has good potentials for diagnosing and treating MDR TB at the early stages. Further, it can clarify the signs and outcomes of the disease at early stages, thus providing the medical fraternity a great opportunity to cure the disease.
MiR-557 downregulation lowered cell proliferation and malignancy in glioblastoma by targeting ADAM17
Authors: Li Zongping , Liu Hongyuan , Tang Zhi , Zhong Qi , Yang Xu , Zhang Ye , He Pengcheng , Wang Xiaoyi
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To examine the role of miR-557 in the pathogenesis and development of glioblastoma (GBM) and its potential regulatory mechanism.

Methods: Dysregulation of miR-557 in GBM cells was determined using quantitative (real-time) PCR (qPCR). Cell proliferative ability, migratory activity and invasive ability were measured using the MTT colorimetric assay, wound healing assay and Transwell chambers assay. The direct target mRNA of miR-557 was predicted, and further validated using TargetScan and luciferase assay, respectively.

Results: Compared with human astrocytes (HAs), the downregulation of miR-557 was observed in human GBM cell lines. In U-251MG and A172 cells that overexpressed miR-557 mimics, the level of proliferation was significantly reduced, the wound width was larger, and the number of invaded cells wan decreased than that of NC mimics. Predictive results from TargetScan and results of luciferase assay demonstrated that miR-557 directly targets the 3’-untranslated region (3’-UTR) of ADAM17. In A172 cells and U-251MG cells, the upregulation E-cadherin (E-cad) and the downregulation of N- cadherin (N-cad) and vimentin (Vim) were caused by miR-557 mimics as compared with NC mimics. Expression of ADAM17, NICD, HES1, and EGFR was downregulated by miR-557 mimics and upregulated by miR-557 inhibitors in A172 cells and U-251MG cells.

Conclusion: Downregulation of miR-557 accelerates GBM cell growth and malignancy by directly targeting ADAM17 3’-UTR, providing a prognostic and potential therapeutic factor for new drug discovery in GBM.
Curcuma longa Linn extract suppresses neuronal apoptosis induction by sevoflurane via activation of the ERK1/2 pathway
Authors: Yu Zhou , Yan Yao , Lou Ying
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate Curcuma longa Linn against neuronal damage induced by exposure to sevoflurane during surgical procedures.

Methods: A sealed box made of transparent glass was used for anaesthetic exposure of neurons. The neurons were exposed to Curcuma longa Linn at doses of 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 μM prior to viability assessment using MTT assay. The effect of Curcuma longa Linn treatment on protein expression was determined using western blotting.

Results: Sevoflurane exposure led to significant and time-dependent reductions in neuronal proliferation, when compared to unexposed cells (p < 0.05). Curcuma longa Linn at doses of 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 μM significantly decreased sevoflurane-mediated neuronal apoptosis. It reduced cleaved caspase-3 and Bax levels in neurons. However, the Curcuma longa Linn-mediated inhibition of sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis was significantly suppressed by VPC23019 (p < 0.05). The p- ERK1/2 level was dose-dependently up-regulated in neurons exposed to sevoflurane on treatment with Curcuma longa Linn. Moreover, VPC23019 reversed the upregulatory effect of Curcuma longa Linn on p-ERK1/2 expression in sevoflurane-exposed neurons (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Curcuma longa Linn reversed sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis by elevating p- ERK1/2 expression. Therefore, Curcuma longa Linn exerts inhibitory effect on anaesthesia-induced apoptosis in neurons, and may be useful for the treatment of this condition.
Inspiracje kultury w tworzeniu aksjologii nowego paradygmatu rozwoju
Authors: Borys Tadeusz
Published: January 2022

Inspirations of Culture in Creating the Axiology of a New Development Paradigm

A positive assessment of changes from the point of view of a specific axiological system is a consti­tutive attribute of the definition of development which determines the relativism or uncondition­al nature of the development category and its new paradigms. In creating this system, an inspir­ing – although not always unambiguous – role is or should be played by culture. Culture also plays such a role in creating the quality of life. The article presents the main channels of the axiological impulses of culture as a carrier and creator of value systems. The identification of these channels is the main goal of this work. It shows the process of extending the dimensions of the new develop­ment paradigm and the role of culture in this process. The final part of the article illustrates this is­sue with the example of public policies and organisational culture. Furthermore, the author identi­fies axiologically diverse choices relating to the basic attributes of this culture, which are illustrated in the approach of an organisation (an enterprise or a public institution) to the category of respon­sibility, fairness or trust, and management systems, including the style of personnel management in the context of the leadership empowered in the organisation.
PERBANDINGAN METODE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING DAN ARIMA PADA PERAMALAN GARIS KEMISKINAN PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Zahrunnisa Afifah , Nafalana Renanta Dzakiya , Rosyada Istina Alya , Widodo Edy
Published: January 2022

Forecasting is a technique that uses past data or historical data to determine something in the future. Forecasting methods with time series models consist of several methods, such as Double Exponential Smoothing (Holt method) and ARIMA. DES (Holt method) is a method that is used to predict time series data that has a trend pattern. ARIMA model combines AR and MA models with differencing order d. The poverty line is calculated by finding the total cost of all the essential resources that an average human adult consumes in one year. The lack of poverty reduction in an area is the lack of information about poverty. The selection of the forecasting method was made by considering several things. The Exponential Smoothing method was chosen because this method was able to predict time series financial data well and revise prediction errors. While the ARIMA method is better for short-term prediction, it can predict values that are difficult to explain by economic theory and are efficient in predicting time series financial data. There is still little research on comparing time series data for forecasting methods. Researchers are interested in comparing the Exponential Smoothing and ARIMA methods in implementing poverty line forecasting in Central Java. The two methods are compared by determining the best method for forecasting the poverty line in Central Java. The best forecasting method can be seen from the MAPE value of each method
IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 SAAT PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MAN 2 MADIUN MELALUI TAHAPAN PERENCANAAN, PELAKSANAAN DAN EVALUASI
Authors: Puspitasari Anggi , Mahmudah Inani , Maharani Clariesa Alit , Pratiwi Intan Diyah , Darmadi Darmadi
Published: January 2022

Indonesia is a country that always tries to keep up with the developments of the Globalization Era and persuasion, every change of Head of State (President) as well as Change of Minister of Education, curriculum changes are made. The curriculum in Indonesia has undergone several changes until finally a new curriculum was born in 2013, which we usually call the 2013 Curriculum. The 2013 curriculum is running well in several schools. However, without being planned in early 2020 in various countries in the world experiencing the covid-19 pandemic, it has an impact on the learning of school students in Indonesia. What students usually do offline learning is now done boldly. In accordance with the problems that occurred, this study aims to analyze "How to Apply the 2013 Curriculum when online learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic at MAN 2 Madiun". The method used is qualitative based on numbers and data in addition to using literature research. From the results of the study, there were several problems experienced by students and teachers such as lack of understanding of the material, difficulty in communicating, mastery of technology. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many things in the world of education. As educators, teachers must find solutions to any problems that occur so that learning activities continue to run well during the COVID-19 pandemic
İlk Atak ve Kronik Psikoz Hastalarının Bakım Verenlerinin Duygu İfadelerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: BAYRAK Damla , ÇETİNKAYA DUMAN Zekiye
Published: January 2022

Giriş: Bakım verenlerin duygu ifadesinin değerlendirilmesi ruhsal hastalığın sorumluluğunu alan aile bireyinin nasıl etkilenebileceğinin tespit edilmesi ve nüksün önlenebilmesi için önemlidir. Amaç: Araştırma, ilk atak ve kronik psikoz hastasına bakım verenlerin duygu ifadesi düzeylerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla tanımlayıcı kesitsel yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma, Kasım 2017-Kasım 2018 tarihleri arasında iki üniversite, bir eğitim araştırma ve bir ruh sağlığı hastalıkları hastanesinin psikiyatri polikliniklerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemini ilk psikoz atağı hastasına bakım veren 68, kronik psikoz hastasına bakım veren 70 kişi oluşturmuştur. Veri toplamada Duygu İfadesi Ölçeği (DİÖ) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, sayı ve yüzde dağılımı, ki kare, fisher exact test ve bağımsız gruplarda t testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: İlk psikoz atağı hastasına bakım verenlerin duygu ifadesi puanlarının ortalaması ile kronik psikoz hastasına bakım verenlerin duygu ifadesi puanlarının ortalaması arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (t = 1.91, p = .058). Bakım verenlerin duygu ifadesi alt boyutlarından eleştirel yorumlar/düşmanlık (p = .104), duygusal aşırı meşguliyet (p = .240) boyutlarında anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmada, ilk psikoz atak ile kronik psikoz hastasına bakım verenlerin duygu ifadesi puanlarının hem toplam puan hem de eleştirel yorumlar/düşmanlık alt boyutları ve duygusal aşırı meşguliyet alt boyutları benzerdir. Bu sonuçlar ilk psikoz atak hastalarının bakım verenlerinin hastalığı deneyimleme süresinin kısa olmasına rağmen duygu ifadelerinin, kronik ruhsal hastalığı olan bireylerin bakım verenleri ile benzer olduğunu göstermektedir. İlk psikoz hastalarının bakım verenlerinin erken psikoz programları gibi müdahale programları ile güçlendirilmesi ve baş etme becerilerinin geliştirilmesi önemlidir. İlk psikoz atağı sürecinde başlatılacak aile müdahale programlarının hastalığın ilerleyen süreçlerinde yüksek duygu ifadesinin azalmasını sağlayabilir. Ayrıca ilk atak ve kronik psikoz hastalarının bakım verenlerin ruhsal hastalığı olan aile bireylerine tutum ve yaklaşımlarının derinlemesine inceleneceği kalitatif çalışmalar önerilmektedir.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Klinik Performanslarina İlişkin Öz-Yeterliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: POZAM Meliha , ZAYBAK Ayten
Published: January 2022

Hemşirelik eğitiminin değerlendirilmesinde, öğrencilerin klinik performanslarına ilişkin öz-yeterlik durumlarının değerlendirilmesi önemlidir. Amaç: Bu araştırma, İzmir’deki bir hemşirelik fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören hemşirelik öğrencilerinin klinik performanslarına ilişkin öz-yeterliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmış tanımlayıcı bir çalışmadır. Yöntem: Araştırma 1 Nisan–31 Mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında, İzmir’deki bir hemşirelik fakültesi’nde 2., 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören öğrencilerde yapılmıştır. Araştırma için ulaşılabilen, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 241 öğrenci araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında; “Birey Tanıtım Formu” ve “Klinik Performansta Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, SPSS 22.0 programında, Mann Whitney U Testi, Kruskal-Wallis Testi ve Spearman Sıra Farkları Korelasyon Analizi testleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin Klinik Performansta Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği madde puan ortalamaları toplam ölçekte 80.21 ± 12.99, veri toplamada 81.05 ± 12.85, tanılama ve planlamada 78.13 ± 14.85, uygulamada 82.26 ± 13.52 ve değerlendirmede 78.22 ± 16.14 olarak bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin cinsiyetine göre Klinik Performansta Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği toplam ölçek ve alt boyut puanları incelendiğinde, toplam ve alt boyut puan ortancaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olmadığı, 4. sınıfların toplam ölçekte ve bütün alt boyutlardaki öz-yeterlik puan ortalamalarının 2. ve 3. sınıflardan daha yüksek olduğu (p = .000) bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin akademik not ortalamasıyla Klinik Performansta Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel açıdan pozitif yönde düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki (r = .24) saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Öğrencilerin klinik performansta öz yeterlilik algılarının ortalamanın üzerinde olduğu, bu sonucun öğrenim görülen sınıftan etkilenirken, cinsiyetin klinik performansa ilişkin öz yeterlik algısını etkilemediği görülmüştür.
Hemşirelik Eğitiminde Kullanılan Simülasyon Yöntemlerinin Sınıflandırılması
Authors: ŞAHİN KARADUMAN Gül , BAŞAK Tülay
Published: January 2022

Hemşirelik klinik eğitiminde karşılaşılan zorluklar, kısıtlı klinik uygulama süresi, COVID-19 salgını gibi durumlar öğrencilerin gerçek hastalarla olan klinik uygulama ve sürelerini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle hemşirelik öğrencilerinin, çeşitli öğretim yaklaşımları aracılığıyla eleştirel düşünme becerileri, öğrenme ve özgüven gibi yeterlilikleri geliştirmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Simülasyona dayalı öğrenme gibi eğitim stratejileri, öğrencilere gerçeğe yakın klinik durumlar sağlayarak güvenli bir ortamda klinik uygulama yapma imkânı sunmaktadır. Simülasyon yönteminin seçiminde ise, gerçeklik kavramı önemli rol oynamaktadır. Simülasyon yöntemi ve gerçeklik düzeyinin seçimi; eğitimin hedef ve sonuçları, öğrenci seviyesi ve kolaylaştırıcı gibi faktörlere bağlıdır. Literatürde, simülasyon yöntemleri ve gerçeklik kavramı ile ilgili farklı sınıflandırmalar bulunmaktadır. Yapılan sınıflandırmalar birbirine benzer olsa da aralarında farklılıklar söz konusudur. Bu derlemede, literatürde bulunan simülasyona dayalı öğrenme özelliklerine ilişkin yapılan farklı sınıflandırmalar ve gerçeklik kavramına ilişkin tanımlamalar incelenmektedir.
CAPITALISMO, POPULAÇÃO EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA E (DES) PROTEÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Fraga Patricia , Boska de Moraes Sarmento Helder
Published: January 2022

Este artigo é parte integrante da dissertação intitulada “População em Situação de Rua e Acesso à Saúde” e objetiva incitar os debates a respeito da correlação entre o fenômeno social população adulta em situação de rua e o capitalismo. A discussão tem como eixo central de análise a categoria trabalho e busca situar a inserção do segmento populacional estudado no âmbito do chamado exército industrial de reserva. Bem como, os impactos da ideologia do capital voltada a responsabilização individual e criminalização da pobreza sobre este segmento populacional. O que historicamente e, ainda nos dias atuais conduz o Estado à implementação de medidas de caráter coercitivo, punitivo, higienista e fiscalizatório sobre a classe trabalhadora, especialmente aos segmentos populacionais de maior vulnerabilidade social como é o caso da população em situação de rua. E, com isso, ao mesmo tempo em moraliza a sociedade pelas vias do trabalho, dificulta o acesso a proteção, direitos e políticas sociais.
PRECARIZAÇÃO DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA NO CONTEXTO DE COVID-19
Authors: Espinosa Pasqualin Natalia
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir sobre a precarização da atenção básica e seu agravamento no contexto de Covid-19. Como metodologia teve a revisão bibliográfica e documental acerca da temática, bem como, a sistematização de aspectos públicos da experiência como assistente social residente em uma Unidade de Saúde vinculada a Escola de Saúde Pública/RS, em Porto Alegre, no ano de 2020, contexto de pandemia de Covid-19. Como precarização entende-se o conjunto de condições precárias de vida e de trabalho oriundos do processo de agravamento da desigualdade social, especialmente com o advento do neoliberalismo e da Contrarreforma do Estado. Concluiu-se que os processos de privatização da atenção básica impactam e precarizam o cuidado na saúde na medida em que colocam os profissionais em situação de insegurança, prejudicando a criação de vínculos. Essa relação agravou-se no contexto de pandemia, visto que as pessoas estavam passando por novas privações objetivas e subjetivas como desemprego e insegurança financeira, falta de convivência social, medos e ansiedades, etc. A lógica de funcionamento empresarial reduz os atendimentos de saúde na atenção básica a números e metas e, aliado à rotatividade de profissionais, dificulta o vínculo, o acolhimento e a longitudinalidade do cuidado, evidenciando a disputa entre projetos de saúde: democrático conforme os preceitos da Reforma Sanitária e privatista conforme os interesses de mercado.
A REESTRUTURAÇÃO E DESESTRUTURAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA DE ENSINO SUPERIOR NO BRASIL
Authors: Da Silva Soares Thassia Cristina
Published: January 2022

A educação superior na última década passou por períodos de reestruturação, especialmente no que se refere ao acesso e permanência, bem como períodos de desestruturação com medidas de restrição orçamentária. A proposta do artigo é apresentar as reflexões e análises provindas da dissertação em que se discutiu a relação entre o acesso e a permanência estudantil no ensino superior público brasileiro, bem como de estudos individuais e experiência profissional da autora sobre a temática. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, em arquivos físicos e digitais, que tratam sobre a conjuntura do ensino superior brasileiro, inclusive documentos internacionais que nortearam a construção das legislações educacionais brasileira. As reflexões deste estudo evidenciam que o processo de reestruturação do ensino superior apresenta uma realidade contraditória de expansão e cortes orçamentários, fundamentado em um discurso de ajuste fiscal de melhor adequação dos gastos públicos. Essa relação contraditória, não está isolada da política macroeconômica, uma vez que a lógica do capital sinaliza e delibera os rumos da educação brasileira.
INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS E JOVENS EM PORTUGAL
Authors: Carvalho Carla , Lima Fernanda
Published: January 2022

Este estudo tem por finalidade analisar as perceções de jovens e adultos que passaram pela experiência da institucionalização por períodos prolongados, em Portugal. Visa compreender como é viver num lar de infância e juventude, mais concretamente dissecar como é percecionada a institucionalização na infância e/ou juventude por quem passou por esse processo. Para o efeito contou-se com a participação de quatro indivíduos que narraram as suas vivências no Lar de Jovens. Pretende-se explorar três etapas do percurso da vida dos participantes: o período pré-institucional, o período da institucionalização e o período da pós-institucionalização. Esta investigação seguiu uma metodologia qualitativa e as entrevistas foram dissecadas através da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados sugerem que apesar da institucionalização apresentar aspetos negativos, os aspetos positivos pautaram o percurso destes adultos durante os seus trajetos na Instituição. Contudo também foi nossa pretensão, perceber algumas das contradições deste estudo e explicá-las à luz de outras investigações já realizadas nesta área.
JOGANDO FUTEBOL COM A REALIDADE
Authors: Teixeira Marcelo , Soares José
Published: January 2022

Resumo: Este estudo objetiva examinar um futebol fora dos holofotes do espetáculo, a partir da configuração dos chamados “trabalhadores da bola”. Entendendo que a simples observação contemplativa de tal fenômeno é insuficiente para compreendê-lo; procurou-se fazer uma mediação com categorias norteadoras, a saber: trabalho e capitalismo. A investigação foi caracterizada como exploratória, quantitativo-qualitativa, bibliográfica e de cunho documental. Os dados foram coletados nas seguintes fontes: a) Site salario.com.br; b) Novo CAGED; c) eSocial; d) empregador web; e) dados de relatórios da Confederação Brasileira de Futebol. Como principais achados, percebeu-se uma desigualdade profunda em relação a salários, altos índices de desemprego e uma permanente precarização.
MEDIDA DE SEGURANÇA E SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Santos Mirelle , Andrade Lígia , Santos Rina
Published: January 2022

O Movimento de Reforma Psiquiátrica propagou-se internacionalmente baseado nos ideários de Franco Basaglia e da Psiquiatria Democrática na Itália, ganhando força no Brasil a partir dos anos 1970, resultando em 2001 na Lei nº 10.216, também conhecida como Lei de Reforma Psiquiátrica, na qual um dos principais pontos é a humanização do tratamento e a extinção do modelo asilar. Assim, foi promulgada em 2011 a Portaria MS/GM 3.088, que criou a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS), como uma rede de serviços substitutivos de base comunitária em substituição ao manicômio. O hospital psiquiátrico é, hoje, reflexo vivo dos preconceitos e descaso da sociedade e do Estado com a pessoa com transtorno mental, sendo mais evidente ao tratar-se de pessoa com transtorno mental em conflito com a lei. Atualmente, tais pessoas ditas como inimputáveis, cumprem medida de segurança em substituição da pena, a internação como medida de segurança é realizada no Hospital de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico (HCTP), como preconizado no Código Penal de 1940. O HCTP-PE, em Pernambuco, criado em 1982, é hoje um dos maiores entraves do processo de desinstitucionalização no estado, segundo dados do Sistema de Informações Penitenciárias (INFOPEN) e relatórios de fiscalização, foi analisado o perfil dos usuários, a estrutura física e os recursos humanos. Conclui-se que o HCTP-PE, atualmente, não possui estruturas para um atendimento da pessoa com transtorno mental em conflito com a lei. O processo de desinstitucionalização é imprescindível para a humanização e garantia dos direitos fundamentais.
TEORIA CRÍTICA E PESQUISA EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL
Authors: Maria Siqueira David Lidiane , De Sousa Cardoso Welson
Published: January 2022

O trabalho intenta fazer uma reflexão teórica sobre a relação necessária entre a teoria crítica e a pesquisa em serviço social. Para explicitar essa relação promove-se um breve debate sobre a importância do método em Marx, a particularidade da pesquisa em serviço social e algumas reflexões sobre a perspectiva investigativa no espaço urbano, o qual apresenta aspectos do processo investigativo e interventivo da realidade dialética imediata, no espaço sócio-ocupacional, no cotidiano da práxis do trabalho profissional do serviço social. À vista desses meandros se expressa à importância do método marxiano como fundamental instrumento metodológico, no âmbito investigativo e interventivo, para leitura qualificada da realidade contraditória dos fenômenos sociais, no cerne da sociedade burguesa classista contraditória. Portanto, a metodologia utilizada se fez de levantamentos bibliográficos e o método versa sobre leitura crítica com base na dialética de classe que compreende o Materialismo Histórico Dialético.