bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islamic Social Fund (Zakah Infaq Shodaqoh), Inflation, and Poverty Alleviation in Surabaya City
Authors: Balqis Nabilah
Published: January 2024

This study analyzes the poverty rate in Surabaya in 2016-2020 which is supported by Islamic financial instruments and macroeconomic instruments. This study aims to examine the effect of receipt ZIS funds and inflation on the poverty rate in Surabaya in 2016-2020. This study used quantitative approach with multiple linear regression tests which were processed using the Eviews 10 program. The data used is time series data with the period of this study from January 2016 to December 2020. The data source was obtained from the East Java National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) and the Central Statistics (BPS) Surabaya City. The results of this study are indicating that the ZIS variable has a significant effect with a probability value of 0.0000 and has a negative direction with a coefficient value of -0.212219. This explains that the receipt of ZIS funds at BAZNAS East Java can reduce the number of poor people from 2016 to 2020. Meanwhile, the inflation variable has no significant effect on poverty with a probability value of 0.8062, and has a negative direction with a coefficient value of -0.006093. This happened because the inflation rate which was still fluctuating had no effect on the poverty rate in Surabaya from 2016 to 2020. Then simultaneously the ZIS variables and inflation together had an effect on the poverty rate in Surabaya in 2016-2020. While the results of the R2 test in this study indicate that the poverty rate in Surabaya is explained by the ZIS variable and inflation of 40.53% and the rest is explained by other variables outside the variables examined in this study.
Financial Performance Analysis of Local Government: A Case Study on Karanganyar Regency
Authors: Kusumawardani Adelita Faraulia , Asrihapsari Andi
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the financial ratios of the Karanganyar Local Government Budget Realization Report for the 2017-2022 fiscal year, with a quantitative descriptive method at the Local Finance Agency (BKD) of Karanganyar Regency. Data were sourced from the budget realization reports, scientific articles, and interviews.   Data were collected through document analysis and interviews. The components analyzed include the financial independence ratio, financial growth ratio, effectiveness ratio of original local government revenue (PAD), and local financial efficiency ratio. This study has found a low financial independence ratio of an average of 23.62%. The average PAD growth ratio was 5.14%, local income was 1.98%, operational expenditure was 1.80%, and capital expenditure was 3.72%. The PAD effectiveness ratio was classified as very effective with an average of 107.22%, and the financial efficiency ratio showed a moderate level with an average of 87.17%. This study concludes that the financial performance of the Local Government of Karanganyar Regency needs to be improved. The researchers recommend the government diversify sources of income, evaluate project management, and utilize information technology. Thus, this study provides guidance for the Local Government of Karanganyar Regency in improving the local financial performance.
Strontium Isotope Analysis, the Neonatal Line, and Archaeological Caribou Herd Identity in Northwest Alaska
Authors: Harmston Nathan I. , Tomco Patrick L. , Welker Jeffrey M. , Fernandez Diego P.
Published: January 2024

Rangifer tarandus is a keystone species in the Arctic and has shaped human land use in this region for tens of thousands of years. The migratory ecotype requires large landscapes and long migrations between summer and winter ranges to meet their nutritional needs. The extent to which these ranges have remained the same has been controversial and uncertain. Archaeological caribou herd identity is usually ascribed based on modern caribou herd distribution. However, no study has assessed the validity of the implicit assumption of multi-thousand years of range stasis. Given that a caribou herd’s distribution and landscape use may change in response to ecological or climatic changes, it is important to assess whether past and present calving ground locations may have shifted. In this study, we applied strontium isotope analysis to identify calving grounds of archaeological caribou from the pre-contact/historic Lake Kaiyak site (MIS-00032) near the calving grounds of the modern Western Arctic caribou herd (WAH). We found that the 87Sr/86Sr values of the molars were consistent with those predicted for WAH ranges. The dental enamel from the neonatal line (NNL), a pathological marker of birth, was consistent with the modern WAH calving grounds and early summer range. These results suggest that the archaeological specimens were WAH animals. Broadly, this supports the use of strontium isotope analysis of permanent molars with an emphasis on the NNL to determine the herd identity of ungulates in the archaeological record, which has important implications for archaeology and modern wild ungulate herd management.
Hegemonic Femininity in Popular Culture
Authors: Bose Aratrika , - Tanupriya , Singh Anuja
Published: January 2024

Using the lens of Neeraj Ghaywan's film Geeli Pucchi, Aratrika Bose, Tanupriya, and Anuja Singh explore the ways in which lesbian characters negotiate the trappings of hegemonic femininity embedded in Indian culture, from marriage and home life to the workplace, and the role of the body and "beauty" in the navigation of feminine identities.
Palestine, Oh, Palestine!
Authors: Buhle Paul
Published: January 2024

In this review of Linda Dittmar's Tracing Homelands, Paul Buhle writes, "History may yet hold hope when hope is otherwise lacking when we reject the stalemate that only leads to despair."
Bericht über die I. Internationale Konferenz „Internationale Bildungskooperation im Bereich Deutsch als Fremdsprache. State of the Art & Perspektiven“. Poznań, 16.–17. Juni 2023
Authors: Kurzaj Anna
Published: January 2024

Bericht über die I. Internationale Konferenz „Internationale Bildungskooperation im Bereich Deutsch als Fremdsprache. State of the Art & Perspektiven“. Poznań, 16.–17. Juni 2023
Hungarian higher education EFL students’ perceptions of learner autonomy
Authors: Win Cho Cho , Kálmán Csaba
Published: January 2024

Technology has provided language learners with opportunities to learn English autonomously. Despite previous studies in the Hungarian context (e.g., Édes 2008; Szőcs 2017), more research on learner autonomy is required in order to find out what might explain university EFL learners’ lack of autonomy and help them become more autonomous. The purpose of this quantitative study was to address the problem by investigating learners’ perceptions of their own and their teachers’ responsibilities in language learning, their perceived abilities and motivation to learn English, their autonomous behaviours outside and inside the classroom, and the relationships between the above variables. The questionnaire was completed by 74 EFL students from a Hungarian university. The data were analysed by SPSS 26.0. The results indicate that in the investigated context, in the EFL learners’ perceptions, teachers were more responsible for their in-class learning than themselves. Nevertheless, the students demonstrated some autonomy both inside and outside class, to an equal extent.
How to effectively build the image of an emerging destination.
Authors: Skowronek Ewa , Brzezińska-Wójcik Teresa , Stasiak Andrzej
Published: January 2024

Only a few studies have focused on building the image of emerging destinations. The region’s image is influenced by its tourist attractiveness (image-related perception) and the knowledge about its tourist attributes (recognition). To build the image of emerging destinations, the attributes of attractiveness should be identified. In this study, such an attempt was made for Lublin Province. A diagnostic survey and statistical methods were used to assess the perception of its attractiveness and the recognition of the attractiveness attributes by visitors. Lublin Province has no tourism image, and its attractiveness attributes are identified only vaguely. The landscape is the only attribute on which the image of this destination can be built.
Wounded landscape: Environmental and social consequences of (illegal) motor tourism in forests on the example of Worek Okrzeszyna (the Central Sudetes on the Polish-Czech borderland)
Authors: Chylińska Dagmara , Kołodziejczyk Krzysztof
Published: January 2024

Off-road vehicles (ORVs) have recently become a serious problem not only for natural peripheral areas, but also for those rare green enclaves in heavily urbanised regions. The consequences of motor traffic in naturally valuable areas, including forests, affect the environment together with all its users to different extent. The scale and ubiquity of this type of motor tourism in Poland convinced the authors to research the subject and assess its influence on the forest environment, on the example of the mountains surrounding the region called Worek Okrzeszyna on the Polish-Czech borderland. The authors aimed to determine the scale and character of the phenomenon in forests and environmentally valuable areas in Poland, as well as to assess its scope in the examined research area together with the environmental and social effects. A field inventory of all the trails used by motor tourists was carried out, with particular emphasis on the extent of the network and their environmental consequences. In the ranges surrounding Worek Okrzeszyna from the south, a significant negative impact of illegal motor tourism on the vegetation, soil and relief have been revealed. It occurs wherever the phenomenon takes place: on forest roads, tourist trails and beyond them. Although the main research subject is the pressure of motor tourism on the environment, the authors also raise questions regarding social consequences of the phenomenon (noise, worse aesthetic experience), followed by the limits of tourism as such.
The role of a green economy in revitalising shrinking cities: Comparative case studies in France and Mexico
Authors: Di Pietro Simone
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to research different strategies for developing the green economy in shrinking cities. Considering urban shrinkage and the green economy as two extended concepts, a French town in post-Fordist transition and a Mexican post-mining town are selected as the most diverse/similar systems to indicate different strategies for sustainable development in shrinking cities. Embedded into different national backgrounds, including urban dynamics and support schemes for the green economy, the selected cases share the objectives of greening and regrowing strategies relying on other sectors of the green economy. The methodology applied is qualitative, including fieldwork, semi-structured interview techniques, carried out in person or remotely, and questionnaires. Findings show some positive results regarding sustainability and ecological transition in the French case, while regrowth trends were reached in the Mexican case. However, the analysis leads to uncertain scenarios for positive long-term impacts, especially due to uncertainty around future supporting policies for territorial cohesion and sustainability at national and regional levels.
Die Prüfung der Wirkungen von Lockerungen
Authors: Guéridon Marcel
Published: January 2024

Vollzugslockerungen sind ein typisches Instrument der Vollzugsgestaltung. Zugleich sind Lockerungen eine sehr spezielle Form der Intervention. Sie sind nicht standardisiert oder manualisiert, es gibt keine Programmtheorie und kein übergreifendes Konzept, es gibt keine Standards zur Begleitung von Lockerungen und sie umfassen keine bestimmten Methoden oder Übungen. Zudem stehen für die Gewährung von Lockerungen erhebliche Ermessensspielräume zur Verfügung, die möglichen Zwecke sind vielfältig und die vorhandene Dokumentation ist nicht darauf ausgelegt, die Vielfältigkeit von Lockerungen abzubilden. Die üblicherweise für Interventionen angelegte Forschungs- und Evaluationslogik steht aufgrund dieser Merkmale vor erheblichen Herausforderungen. Für die verlässliche Schätzung kausaler Effekte sind daher ebenso wie für eine für die Weiterentwicklung einer nützlichen, praxisorientierten Forschung kreative Strategien und Kompromisse notwendig. Dieser Beitrag betrachtet dazu unter anderem die Grenzen üblicher Ansätze zur Effektschätzung und die inhärente Heterogenität der Wirkung von Lockerungen. Weitere Diskussionspunkte umfassen Gefährdungen einer kausalen Interpretation der Zusammenhänge von Lockerungen und verfügbaren Ergebnis- oder Erfolgskriterien, Herausforderungen für übliche Forschungsdesigns und ihre Umsetzung sowie Schwierigkeiten der Operationalisierung von Lockerungen unter Berücksichtigung der Kompatibilität zu den jeweiligen Kriterien. Anhand der Diskussion dieser wesentlichen und besonders relevanten Herausforderungen werden Ansätze vorgeschlagen, um die Validität der Forschung zur Wirksamkeit von Lockerungen zu stärken. Zentral dafür sind die Nutzung eines geeigneten Forschungsdesigns, eine differenzierte Interpretation ermittelter Zusammenhänge unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Effektvarianten und der Vielfalt von Lockerungen, eine differenziertere Dokumentation sowie die der Fokus auf die Kompatibilität der Operationalisierung von Lockerungen und der verwendeten Ergebnis- oder Erfolgskriterien.
Photodynamic therapy empowered by nanotechnology for oral and dental science: Progress and perspectives
Authors: Yang Lei-Lei , Li Hangshuo , Liu Danfeng , Li Kaiyuan , Li Songya , Li Yuhan , Du Pengxi , Yan Miaochen , Zhang Yi , He Wei
Published: January 2024

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a noninvasive therapeutic modality, has significantly revolutionized the contemporary management of oral and dental health. Recently, PDT has witnessed significant technological advancements, especially with the introduction of biomaterials and nanotechnologies, thus highlighting its potential as a multi-functional tool in therapeutics. In this review, our objective was to provide a comprehensive overview of the advancements in nanotechnology-enhanced PDT for the treatment of oral diseases, encompassing dental caries, root canal infection, periodontal disease, peri-implant inflammation, tooth staining, and whitening, as well as precancerous lesions and tumors. Furthermore, we extensively deliberated upon the persisting challenges and prospective avenues of nanotechnology-enhanced PDT in the realm of oral diseases, which will open up new possibilities for the application of nanotechnology-enhanced PDT in clinical implementation.
El pensamiento de Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui
Authors: Sierra Ruiz Paloma
Published: January 2024

El doble filo crítico que caracteriza la posición de Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui ayuda a hacer un tratamiento de la modernidad hegemónica y sus expresiones por medio de dos movimientos reflexivos simultáneos: el epistemológico y el político. Silvia no realiza su trabajo de investigación a través de las categorías y las herramientas tradicionales, nacidas en la academia elitista que promueve la esterilización política de las reflexiones gracias a investigaciones hiperespecializadas, o realizadas bajo la lógica del mercado de saberes y que es la lógica imperante en las instituciones universitarias. La pensadora andina se dedica a usar instrumentos teóricos cuya base política sea ya de por sí crítica, es decir, no aborda al colonialismo o al patriarcado sólo como temas, sino que lo hace con posiciones anticolonialistas y antipatriarcales.
Palabras clave: sociología de la imagen, epistemología ch’ixi, anticolonialismo.
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Authors: Jakubcová Zuzana , Kurešová Jana
Published: January 2024

The study deals with the fate of the former municipal cemetery in Liberec. The fi rst part is devoted to the circumstances of the creation and gradual completion of the image of the now-defunct municipal cemetery in Liberec, founded in 1832. The subject of the second part is a summary and evaluation of well-known and preserved works of art commissioned by wealthy Liberec burgher families, which refl ected the work of more prominent and also regional artists such as F. Somaini, J. and E. Max, V. Prachner, J. F. Elstner, J. C. Effenberger and Ph. Nitsche and others. Based on preserved archival materials and photo documentation, mainly from the 60s and 80s of the 20th century, a mapping of selected works of art was carried out, of which only a fraction has survived to this day in improper conditions in the area of the original cemetery, nowadays the park called the Garden of Memories.
Fred Hartig – malíř ve Smržovce
Authors: Habánová Anna
Published: January 2024

Based on previous research and a long-term interest in Germanspeaking visual artists from Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, a text was created about Fred Hartig, a native of Gablonz an der Neisse / Jablonec nad Nisou, who connected his artistic life with Morchenstern / Smržovka until his displacement in 1948. In addition to basic biographical data, the text discusses the circumstances of the creation and repeated presentations of Hartig‘s works, as well as the social situation in Smržovka at the end of the 1920s and 1930s, and recalls the role of the local historian Josef Meissner. One area that has so far been underrevised is the history of local museology, the text therefore brings new information about the creation of the local museum, whose collections included Hartig‘s works, but which was never actually founded, and yet its collections were transferred after the Second World War to the administration of today‘s Museum of Glass and Jewelry in Jablonec nad Nisou.
Monitoring of Constitutional and Legal Issues in the Context of Local Self-Government Adaptation to European Standards
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Kulinska Anzhela , Lukyanchuk Petro ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: January 2024

Ensuring the stability of local self-government bodies during the adoption of management decisions in war conditions and the identification of priorities by local self-government bodies for responding to emergency situations in the post-war period as components of the local self-government system in the context of the post-war recovery of Ukraine requires an analysis of the functioning of the local self-government system in the conditions of post-war recovery of the country, which is one of the ways to improve the functioning of the local self-government system in the conditions of the post-war reconstruction of the country. The article forms an algorithm for monitoring problems of a constitutional and legal nature in the context of adapting local selfgovernment to European standards, the essence of which is that the principles of combining forms of direct and representative democracy in the implementation of local self-government, the legal principles of relations between the state and local selfgovernment, organizational and functional principles of local self-government, problems and peculiarities of the implementation of the legal principles of local self-government, which will be a solution to the problems of a constitutional and legal nature in the context of adaptation of local self-government to European standards and will involve the refusal of the state from legal regulation at the legislative level of all relations regarding the organization and implementation of local self-government.
Neuromarketing research trends over the last ten years: a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus databases
Authors:   Business Faculty Djelfa University, Rabhi Mokhtar , Thamri Ahlam ,   Business Faculty Djelfa University, Saida Elhadja ,   Business Faculty Djelfa University
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate and examine the scientific literature on neuromarketing using bibliometric analysis to investigate the main subjects, authors, sources, most cited papers, and leading nations in the neuromarketing literature. From 2014 through 2023, articles indexed in the Scopus database were examined. As a result of the initial search, 780 papers were collected, of which 103 published articles were chosen as valid for neuromarketing analysis utilizing the VOSviewer tool to show density, co-occurrence, trends, and data linkage. The findings suggest that the development of publishing is on the rise between 2014 and 2022. Furthermore, the findings imply a growing interest in neuromarketing research. The United States came in first, followed by Spain and the United Kingdom. Sungkyunkwan University in Korea topped the list of the finest institutions for publishing. Furthermore, the findings revealed that Plassman is the most referenced author in the Scopus database. The keyword "neuromarketing" has the most outstanding overall association strength (95) with neuroscience, consumer neuroscience, EEG, consumer behavior, FMRI, marketing, neuroscience, and psychology. The findings of this study assist researchers in developing a solid roadmap for delving deeper and defining future research areas in neuromarketing.
Consumer acquisition cost as an efficiency indicator of the company’s digital strategy
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Mashchak Nataliia
Published: January 2024

The aim of the article. The goal of the article is to analyze the current state and trends in the development of the e-commerce market in conditions of growing digitalization and to consider the consumer acquisition cost indicator as an efficiency indicator of the company's digital strategy and to optimize engagement channels based on the obtained results. Analysis results. At first, the pandemic was a turning point in the field of e-commerce, provoking a surge in the online shopping popularity and the need for businesses to modernize their operations to meet online requirements. The second impetus was the online shopping intensification by Ukraine population after the full-scale invasion of russia, as the need for basic purchases increased due to relocation and movement to safer regions, and almost everything could be purchased online. According to statistics, about 71% of retailers believe that digital transformation is an integral part of e-commerce technology. The rapid development and digitization of humanity has caused changes in the consumers purchasing behavior and the traditional marketing tools and methodologies transformation into new, more effective ones. Further projected growth of the e-commerce market will require businesses to build an effective digital strategy to effectively interact with consumers and meet their needs, creating product value and increasing brand awareness. Since there have been changes in traditional marketing tools in the digital direction, the methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of digital marketing strategies has also changed. Therefore, it is advisable to consider the indicator of the customers acquisition cost as an indicator of the company's digital strategy effectiveness for further channels of attraction optimization and other parameters of promotion and attracting customers online. In today's unstable conditions, it is important to keep customers and return those with whom you have already had experience of cooperation. It is advisable to stimulate repeat purchases with the help of relevant e-mails, notifications through messengers and loyalty programs. The main reasons for abandoned carts by customers are negative reviews, lack of or complicated return policies, and slow site or application performance. Conclusions and directions for further research. Businesses should focus on effective promotion channels that have low CAC and attract many new customers by increasing their budget. When choosing such a main promotion channel, it is necessary to take into account not only the number of transitions, but also the number of conversions on the company's website. It is worth abandoning channels that show a mediocre result, because a large number of channels does not guarantee a wider reach of customers, on the contrary, such actions increase the cost of attracting a customer and are ineffective
Le verbe polysémique baisser dans un corpus parallèle français-polonais
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Cholewa Joanna
Published: January 2024

This article analyses the semantic plurivocity of the verb baisser in the Parallel Corpus of French-Polish Literary Texts, as well as the heterogeneity of its equivalents in the target language. Its objective is to specify: (a) which meanings, locative or abstract, are statistically the most significant; (b) whether particular meanings of baisser are translated as suggested by dictionaries and the analysis by Cholewa in paper titled Mouvement à polarité négative du sujet: (se) baisser (2021). Locative meanings of baisser dominate in the corpus, especially that meaning ‘lowering a part of the body’, which is used to describe facial expressions. The most common Polish equivalents are spuścić/spuszczać and opuścić/opuszczać. The observation of the (con)text of the French verb proved promising: with analyses on a larger corpus, it will be possible to indicate the correlations between the (con)text and the choice of a Polish equivalent.
Culturèmes polonais extraits de Proszę państwa do gazu de Tadeusz Borowski et leurs traductions en français
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Ciostek Anna
Published: January 2024

My research interests include culturemes, including those related to the Second World War, analysed in terms of translation within the Polish/French language pair. In my earlier work I examined culturemes related to the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. In this article, I propose to compare a few of the culturemes that emerged in the German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp Auschwitz-Birkenau, which I have chosen from the Polish short story Proszę państwa do gazu (This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen) by Tadeusz Borowski and its French versions, in two French translations entitled: Au gaz, messieurs-dames! translated by Geneviève Daude (Editions Polonia, 1960) and Aux douches, Mesdames et Messieurs! translated by Laurence Dyèvre and Éric Veaux (Christian Bourgois Editeur, 1992). In addition to comparing strategies for translating the selected culturemes into French, I reached for authentic documents to see if Polish culturemes specific to Auschwitz had French equivalents outside of literature. Culturemes, according to the definition in the Dystynktywny słownik synonimów by Alicja Nagórko, Marek Łaziński and Hanna Burkhardt (2004), are “important keywords for the self-identification of a community, characterising both its attitude to tradition, inherited values, as well as its coping with present time, its current experience of the world”. I include culturemes, created in the Polish language in the reality of the German occupation, among such lexical units of cultural and emotional character, as words of collective memory.
La néologie récente du verbe français
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Kacprzak Alicja
Published: January 2024

The subject of the article are the latest verbal neologisms in French and the aim of the undertaken research is to determine the contemporary word-formation tendencies of this grammatical category. The research material comes from the French digital platform Néoveille, which selects neologisms from large text corpora. A sample of about 200 new verbs, which were described from the point of view of their formal and semantic properties, was subjected to qualitative analysis. It seems that these features are closely related to the functions that verbal neologisms perform in discourse.
Madka z bombelkami, czyli o leksykalnych nośnikach lakunarności
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Szerszunowicz Joanna
Published: January 2024

The aim of the paper is to analyse two lexemes belonging to the most recent layer of the modern Polish lexicon, mainly the words madka and bombelek which are deeply rooted in culture, as lacunary units, i.e. non-equivalent items, from a Polish-English perspective. The analysis of lexicographic entries constitutes a starting point for the investigation of the potential approximate English equivalents of both lexemes and verifying the hypothesis concerning their lacunarity. The research on English corresponding units allows the conclusion to be drawn that the two Polish words are non-equivalent at the systematic level, since they refer to complex mental constructs, evoke cultural connotations and are judgemental.
Domestication in song translations
Authors:   University of Białystok, Poland, Puławski Krzysztof
Published: January 2024

The presented article examines the notion of domestication as applied in the translation of song lyrics. Since the famous essay Translation, Community, Utopia by Lawrence Venuti, who condemned domestication as a form of cultural appropriation, this technique has generally been under attack despite some mitigating voices, such as that of Krzysztof Hejwowski. And this situation did not change when the new idea of translatorʼs authorship appeared. This article takes the stance of Hejwowskiʼs arguments and tries to apply them in the realm of (mostly melic) song translations, presenting positive and negative features of domestications there. It is meant to show that domestication can be used not only for informative purposes for the reader (as is usually assumed), but also as a creative tool in its own right.
Opatrunek z rybiej skóry jako nowa metoda leczenia ran?
Authors: Brela Jakub , Spyrka Kinga
Published: January 2024

Istnieje wiele sposobów leczenia ran w zależności od ich głębokości i wielkości. Do takich metod zaliczają się m. in. przeszczep autogeniczny, alloprzeszczepy i przeszczep heterogeniczny. Gojenie się ran obarczone jest jednak potencjalnymi problemami, takimi jak: odrzucenie przeszczepu, infekcja, ryzyko przenoszenia chorób wirusowych (ksenoprzeszczepy), ból oraz znaczne koszty społeczno-ekonomiczne związane z leczeniem. Pojawienie się na rynku medycznym przeszczepów z rybiej skóry stanowi kolejną alternatywę dla obecnie znanych metod, szczególnie w przypadku rozległych oparzeń z ograniczoną dostępnością skóry dawcy oraz wśród pacjentów z chorobami przewlekłymi i mającymi słabe zdolności gojenia.
D-dimer – charakterystyka, metody i znaczenie kliniczne
Authors: Olejarz Anna , Olejarz Marzena
Published: January 2024

D-dimer jest końcowym produktem rozpadu fibryny stabilizowanej w wyniku działania plazminy. Wzrost poziomu DD w osoczu wskazuje na aktywację procesów wykrzepiania oraz fibrynolizy. Oznaczanie stężenia D-dimerów w laboratoriach medycznych ma istotne znaczenie w diagnostyce zakrzepicy żył głębokich (ZŻG) oraz zatorowości płucnej (PE), a także przy monitorowaniu pacjentów z żylną chorobą zakrzepowo-zatorową (ŻChZZ) oraz weryfikowaniu innych stanów, w których pacjent jest narażony na wysokie ryzyko krwawienia lub zakrzepicy. Celem niniejszej pracy jest omówienie przydatności klinicznej i diagnostycznej oznaczeń DD oraz ich ograniczeń, a także metod oznaczania D-dimeru.
Poziom wiedzy personelu pielęgniarskiego na temat wirusowych zapaleń wątroby
Authors: Cichońska Małgorzata , Smoliński Zbigniew , Maciąg Dorota , Borek Monika , Michalska Agnieszka , Cichońska Karolina
Published: January 2024

Za główne cele i zadania poprawy sytuacji epidemiologicznej w zakresie wirusowego zapalenia wątroby uznano w dotychczasowych działaniach doskonalenie wiedzy pracowników wykonujących zawody obarczone zwiększonym ryzykiem transmisji zakażeń oraz ich udział w edukacji i podnoszeniu świadomości całego społeczeństwa. Cel Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena poziomu wiedzy personelu pielęgniarskiego na temat wirusowego zapalenia wątroby. Materiał i metody W pracy została wykorzystana metoda sondażu diagnostycznego, technika ankietowania, a narzędziem badawczym była autorska ankieta zawierająca 30 pytań służących do oceny wiedzy oraz metryczkę. Badania przeprowadzono w okresie od 20.12.2022 r. do 15.02.2023 r. w grupie 105 pielęgniarek i pielęgniarzy w jednym ze szpitali w regionie świętokrzyskim. Wyniki badań przedstawiono w wartościach procentowych, a w celu wyliczenia zależności między zmiennymi zastosowano test chi2. Wyniki Badania potwierdziły, że 77,14% pielęgniarek miało bardzo wysoki poziom wiedzy na temat wirusowego zapalenia wątroby. Poziom wysoki osiągnęła grupa 10,48% badanych, przeciętny 10,48%, zaś niezadawalający 1,9%. Wiek, płeć, wykształcenie, staż pracy, stan cywilny, stan zdrowia, charakter wykonywanej pracy oraz fakt doznania ekspozycji zawodowej nie miały wpływu na poziom wiedzy badanych. Wykazano zależność pomiędzy poziomem wiedzy respondentów a formami podejmowanego przez nich doskonalenia zawodowego (p=0,03). Wnioski Poziom wiedzy środowiska pielęgniarskiego na temat wirusowego zapalenia wątroby jest bardzo wysoki i wysoki. Obszary wiedzy najbardziej deficytowe to leki przeciwwirusowe dedykowane do terapii oraz oznaczanie serologicznych markerów HBV.
Interpretation and Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Recent Practice of the International Court of Justice
Authors: Rozhets Anhelina , Hrebenets Iryna
Published: January 2024

The article “Interpretation and application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the recent practice of the International Court of Justice”, written by Iryna Hrebenets and Anhelina Rozhets, summarize the recent practice of genocide cases of ICJ, find its main points and how it reflects in international law system. It was defined that the topic of genocide can not be discussed without an emotional approach to it, paying attention to the substance of the Genocide Convention – its universality of participation, binding states and not individuals. It was defined the main aim of the Convention – prevention of genocide, stopping of committing it, and punishment for guilty parties. In that point of view, it could not be placed any reservations in practice, as they would contradict the aims of the Convention. The peculiarity of punishing the state for genocide actions is the obligation to prove the connection between individuals who committed genocide and state’s financial involvement or awareness of committed actions with the specific intent to destroy in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group. The interpretations of the Convention proved the possibility of the effective fulfilment of erga omnes obligations, related to the prevention of genocide by the third and not directly related states. As the ICJ is the only legal forum that has the opportunity to interpret the Genocide Convention, thus, how it applies and interprets the Genocide Convention – shows how international law reflects the changes in the world order. Today it can be seen the results of it in the ongoing case Ukraine v. Russia, where the last acquisitions are applied in practice.
Assessment and Issues in the Taxation of Crypto Assets
Authors: Remeika Robertas , Grigonis Šarūnas
Published: January 2024

The paper provides a detailed assessment of the current tax treatment of crypto assets in Lithuania, the European Union and international law. It draws attention to and assesses the problematic aspects related to crypto tax regulation. The study starts by providing statistics on the development of the cryptocurrency market in Lithuania and discusses the current taxation model. The second part of the paper describes the current model of taxation of crypto-assets and presents problematic aspects of taxation of crypto-assets, such as the regulation of individual activity, the timing of taxation, and the extraction of cryptoassets. The third part of the paper describes the European Union law relating to the taxation of cryptoassets and discusses the guidelines of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The growing popularity of crypto assets as a form of investment instrument has forced the state authorities to react: the State Tax Inspectorate of the Republic of Lithuania clearly states the criteria for taxation and the tax obligations, and the decision of the European Court of Justice puts cryptocurrencies on an equal footing with ordinary currencies, which are subject to the same taxes. The taxation of crypto-assets also raises some problematic aspects regarding the concept of individual activity and occasional crypto-transactions, the proper collection of data, and there are certain aspects that could lead to additional measures by the authorities at the Lithuanian or EU level.
Integration of the Republic of Lithuania into the European Union in the Context of the Union of Lublin: Constitutional Aspects
Authors: Sadzevičius Martynas , Višnevskaja Viktorija
Published: January 2024

When we see the processes of globalisation taking place at the present time, and when we associate Lithuania’s integration primarily with integration into the European Union, we completely forget about the processes that took place in the 17th century when the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland formed a common federal aristocratic monarchy. Looking back in time and observing a certain regularity, we can apply the knowledge gained from the analysis to assess the current processes of Lithuania’s integration into the European Union, which have taken place very recently and are still ongoing, and which is a valuable experience for us in anticipating possible challenges.  

The research work analyses the integration processes and the differences between the integration of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Republic of the Two Nations in the context of the Lublin Union of 1569 and the integration of the Republic of Lithuania after its accession to the European Union. This theme is explored through the constitutional aspects, the changes in integration in general, the impact on the symbols of statehood - the currency, the coat of arms, the flag, the capital, and the status of the language, as well as the aspects of autonomy in the administration of justice and the regulation of customs. Integration in itself is not necessarily a process that diminishes the importance of national symbols, and this is well illustrated by the status of the language, but reverse changes, such as changes in the currency, are not excluded.
Theoretical study of physico-chemical and kinetic aspects of the process of filtration of aluminum melts using ceramic filters
Authors: Yefimova V.G. , Skorobagatko Yu.P. , Smirnov O.M. , Semenko A.Yu. , Goruk M.S. , Karpuhin Ye.V.
Published: January 2024

It is known that aluminum and its alloys have many advantages and are one of the main structural materials. At the same time, there are numerous problems in achieving high purity of aluminum melts. In this paper it is shown that one of the main ways of refining aluminum melts is their filtration through ceramic filters. The results of previous scientific studies have shown the high efficiency of filtering aluminum melt from non-metallic inclusions through ceramic filters, which is justified by their substantial deposition on the walls of this product. However, the physico-chemical mechanism and kinetic patterns of removal of non-metallic inclusions from aluminum melt during its filtration have not been studied enough. Therefore, the goal of the research was to establish the physico-chemical regularities, as well as creating the kinetic model of the removal of non-metallic inclusions from aluminum melts. At the first stage of our research, a thermodynamic analysis of the removal of non-metallic inclusions from molten aluminum due to the action of surface and dynamic forces was conducted. The mechanism of retention of inclusions of different aggregate state and sizes by the filter surface has been considered in detail. As a result of the research, it was found that inclusions of any aggregate state (solid, liquid) up to 30 μm in size are held on the filter surface due to surface forces, liquid inclusions larger than 30 μm obey the same laws; solid inclusions larger than 30 μm are held by the gripping forces. In this case, the inclusions that have merged with each other will further act as new filter surfaces. The conducted kinetic analysis of the heterogeneous process of removal of non-metallic inclusions by the filter surface showed that the process is limited by the kinetic region and proceeds according to the first order. To confirm the reliability of the kinetic model, as well as to determine the influence of the metal pouring speed on the quality of filtration, aluminum melt was poured through a ceramic filter in laboratory conditions using filtration indicators. The conducted studies confirmed the limiting area of the heterogeneous process of filtering molten aluminum through ceramic filters, and also allowed us to establish that the efficiency of removing inclusions decreases with a decrease in the pouring speed.
Three-dimensional analysis of the stress-strain state for straightening pipes on skew-roll straightening machines with special roll profiling
Authors: Gribkov E.P. , Dobronosov Yu.K. , Kukhar V.V. , Malii Kh.V.
Published: January 2024

In order to increase the competitiveness of domestic metal products, in particular pipes, it is necessary to ensure their compliance with international standards in terms of the main quality indicators. The pipe straightening process provides quality indicators such as straightness and cross-sectional shape. Skew-roll pipe straightening machines are the most common and most effective for straightening pipes of small and medium diameters. The most modern are six-roll pipe straightening machines with special roll profiling, which provide straightening of two types: in the caliber of the profiled rolls and at the step between the roll clamps. But the lack of knowledge about the regularities of straightening pipes holds back the wide implementation of such machines. In the work, a finite element model was developed and with its use, a study of the influence of the straightening process parameters in profiled rolls with symmetric and asymmetric profiling of the extreme pairs of rolls on the indicators of pipe straightness and straightening force was carried out. According to the results of their implementation, it was established that straightening the pipe in gauge and pitch allows to reduce the residual curvature of the pipe by almost three times with a 2.5 times smaller overlapping of the middle rolls relative to the outer ones. At the same time, the force on the most heavily loaded middle rolls increases almost twice, which should be taken into account in view of the possibility of ovality in the section of thin-walled pipes. The use of additional asymmetric profiling of the extreme rolls with step adjustment practically does not affect the quality of straightening in the gauge, increases the quality of straightening at the step by up to 15 %, while reducing the maximum straightening force by 5—7 %. The developed finite-element model allows determining the rational values of rolls overlaps to ensure the minimum residual curvature of the pipes.
Development of the chemical composition and modes of heat treatment of steel for railway wheels with increased wear resistance at high axle loads
Authors: Babachenko O.I. , Kononenko G.A. , Podolskyi R.V. , Safronova O.A.
Published: January 2024

One of the directions of the development of railway transport is increasing the load on the axle, while it is necessary to create new, more wear-resistant materials to increase the durability of railway wheels. At the same time, in many cases, a high level of hardness and strength must be combined with no less high values of plasticity and viscosity indicators. Purpose: to investigate the effect of the developed chemical composition and processing modes on the mechanical properties of laboratory-produced steels for railway wheels with increased wear resistance, which work in light braking conditions with high axleloads. Material and methodology. Research was carried out on steels of the experimental composition of the laboratory manufacturing method. Metallographic studies of experimental and industrial steels were performed on a light microscope "Neophot 32" and "Axiovert 200 M MAT" of the company "Carl Zeiss". Grinds were made mechanically. The microstructure was revealed by etching in a 2—3 % alcoholic solution of nitric acid (HNO3). Mechanical tensile tests at room temperature were carried out according to standard methods. Results. Based on the results of analytical studies and calculation models that allow predicting the mechanical properties of steels depending on the content of chemical elements in the steel, the chemical composition of small-volume experimental ingots for smelting in laboratory conditions was developed. Smelting of experimental melts has been completed. The possibility of obtaining a full set of mechanical properties and microstructure, standardized by the requirements of AAR M-107/M-208 for railway wheels of class D from developed steel, has been established.
Increasing the level of safety and occupational hygiene during the ecologically oriented processing of leather industry waste and the peculiarities of their microstructure
Authors: Petryshchev A.S. , Semiriagin S.V. , Smirnov Yu.O.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the microstructure of cinders from leather industry waste. This is necessary for the use of the obtained material as a chromium-containing raw material for the production of alloying additives by aluminothermic melting. To achieve this goal, a complex of the latest research methods was applied using raster electron microscopy together with X-ray microanalysis to determine the chemical composition of the target areas of the surface of the samples. Thanks to the successfully conducted stages of research, significant results were obtained with the determination that the cinder microstructure was disordered, porous and consisted of separated particles of different shapes and sizes. The oxide nature of the majority of the components is due to the detection of oxygen in the analysis areas in the range of 14.04-25.12 %wt. In the studied areas, the chromium content was at a relatively high level — from 59.49 %wt. up to 74.64 %wt. Of the refractory elements, vanadium was also present in the amount of 0.18-0.29 %wt. The iron content ranged from 0.41 to 0.62 %wt. At the same time, some content of accompanying impurities Ca, Mg, Al, Na, Si, Cl, Mn, K, as well as S and P was found in the cinder — in the amount of 0.55-1.52 %wt. and 0.12-0.21 %wt. in accordance. This made it possible to draw a number of important practical conclusions that the obtained product requires the use of aluminothermic refining smelting for further effective use as an alloying chromium-containing additive. At the same time, cinders from leather production waste can be added instead of part of the chromium-containing ore concentrate when smelting ferrochrome. At the same time, the processing and return to production of technogenic waste from leather production ensures an increase in the level of safety and occupational hygiene, a reduction in environmental stress in industrialized areas, a reduction in environmental pollution and an increase in the safety of life.