bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The reality of the use of the Internet in the process of learning among a sample of students of the universities of Kerbala and Kufa: واقع استخدام شبكة الإنترنت في عملية التعلّم لدى عينة من طلبة جامعتي كربلاء والكوفة
Authors: Zinah Abdulridha Abu Tiheen, Asraa Hussien Abdul Ameer
Published: May 2021

In recent years، we have witnessed the revolution of technology in all sides of life. Therefore، education has been used to exploit this revolution and everyone has the opportunity to benefit from it in the learning. Education at this time has become both electronic and traditional. The educational seeks to achieve many results that keep pace with the times. This study aimed at revealing the extent of the use of technology in the learning for students of the Faculty of Science / Karbala University and the Faculty of Education for Girls / Kufa University in all departments (Computer، Chemistry، Physics، Biology، Mathematics، Sports، Geography، History، Arabic) by electronic questionnaire aimed to comparison between students of humanities study and scientific study in the use of the Internet، comparison of the most sites (YouTube، Google، Facebook،…) that used by students، know number of hours spent by learners in the use of the Internet in the learning process، and stand on the reasons not to use the Internet in the self-learning. This article showed that the number of Internet scientific study students in learning exceeded the number of human study students who do not use the Internet in learning.
Stability of lexical features and its change in Omani society
Authors: Zahir bin Marhoon bin Khasif Daoudi Zahir bin Marhoon bin Khasif Daoudi
Published: May 2021

This study deals with the main lexical features of Omani dialect, the study highlights the impact of terms consistency on the function of Omani dialect as a communication means, and it examines the consistency influence on the status of originality and modernity of the Omani community dialect, and the capacity of its members to keep abreast with developments in all their aspects of life over times. To achieve its purposes, the study adapted descriptive method and selected terms from Omani dialect that reflect the effect of consistency and change, and signify life developments in Oman. The study reveals, among its other results, that multiple sources shape the lexical corpus of Omani dialect, and the derived and conventionalized terms used by Omanis are the most fixed. Furthermore, usage can be considered as a vital rule in linguistic development, as significance change is bound to the term usage.
الرقابة الشرعية على المصارف الإسلامية في ظل التحولات الاقتصادية
Authors: الديك محمد يوسف
Published: May 2021

في هذا البحث الموسوم بالرقابة الشرعية والتي تقوم على متابعة النشاط الاقتصادي للمصارف الإسلامية بوسائل مناسبة حتى نتأكد من عملها وفق مبادئ الشرع الحنيف ، وفي سبيل مواكبة التطورات المتسارعة والتغيرات المفاجئة. سلطت الضوء على أهمية الرقابة الشرعية والمتطلبات الأساسية المواكبة هذا التحول متمثلة في الصفات المعتبرة للرقيب الشرعي واستقلالية عمل هيئة الرقابة ملتزمة بالمقاصد الشرعية دون الجمود عند شكل العقود والعمل على توعية الجمهور بطبيعة العمل المصرفي وممارسة الحوكمة كمبدأ داعم لسلامة الجهاز المصرفي وتكون هيئة عليا كمرجعية عليا لهيئات الرقابة الشرعية مع ملاحظة التسلح بثقافة القانون المعمول به ويجب أن تكون هذه الرقابة متكاملة وشاملة في المراحل المختلفة لها .
A Prospective Review of Patients Receiving Intravitreal Anti-VEGF: How are we doing during the SARS-Cov-2 Pandemic?
Authors:   East Lancashire Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK, YL Wong , P Rattanasirivilai ,   East Lancashire Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK, TK Tan ,   East Lancashire Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK, S Abugreen ,   East Lancashire Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK
Published: May 2021

Objective: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, service provision of Anti- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (anti-VEGF) therapy is continued to prevent severe visual loss. As the majority of the patients requiring intravitreal anti- VEGF are elderly and vulnerable, we aim to assess the safety and efficacy of the delivery of anti-VEGF therapy. Method: A prospective data collection of 337 patients who attended the nurse led injection clinics in the UK during the lockdown period from 30 March 2020 to 1 June 2020. A follow up of all of the attended patients was conducted to assess for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Results: 182 (54%) were female and 155 (46%) male. Majority (95%) were Caucasian and 5% were Asian ethnicity. The indication for anti-VEGF injection include wet age related macular degeneration (wet AMD) (70.9%), Diabetic Macular Oedema (DMO) (17.2%), and Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO) (11.9%). Mean age was 78.84±9.76 for wet AMD, 67.63±3.26 for RVO and 59.28±14.54 for DMO. More wet AMD patients reported subjective deterioration of vision compared to RVO and DMO (40.2% vs. 37.5% vs. 22.4%) [P=0.04]. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is more common in the wet AMD group as compared to other groups (P=0.03). Five patients from the study group were tested for SARS-CoV-2, none were positive. Conclusion: Delivery of anti-VEGF therapy is safe with the current precautionary measures despite caring for a vulnerable group of patients. Majority of the wet AMD patients are continuing to attend intravitreal injection appointments.
iPads, Free Data and Young Peoples’ Rights: Refractions from a Universal Access Model During the Pandemic
Authors: Smith Karen Louise
Published: May 2021

The United Nations deemed internet access to be of critical importance for human rights in 2016. In 2020, schools around the world closed during the COVID-19 pandemic. As schools were closed, inequities in internet access gained widespread public attention as many educational opportunities shifted online. Amidst this shift, this paper analyzes an Ontario provincial announcement to provide 21,000 iPads and free data for young people (ages 4-18), during the pandemic. The closure of schools in Ontario, Canada, meant that young people and families who faced technological challenges, such as a lack of devices, stable and affordable internet connections, or sufficient data allowances, could experience barriers to their right to an education. This paper revisits a community informatics (CI) model of internet access, the Access Rainbow, to analyze attempts to operationalize the right to an education through technology in Ontario. In parallel to rights, however, the field of CI faces the ongoing presence of profit-oriented corporations within universal access efforts. This paper argues that socio-technical infrastructural elements of access to the internet became visible through the breakdown of the pandemic. Furthermore, it considers the multi-stakeholder efforts required to implement useful and effective access, where school boards responded in varied ways locally. The paper contributes the concept of refraction to offer continued theorization of a distributive paradigm and a rights-informed approach in community informatics against the backdrop of the pandemic, which could also act as an opening for privatization and disaster capitalism.
The Consequences of the Austerity Policies for Public Services in the UK
Authors: Arrieta Hernandez Tania
Published: May 2021

This article examines the changing landscape of public service provision in the UK during austerity. Austerity is presented through the notions of retrenchment, decentralisation and shifts in governance. The analysis shows that retrenchment and decentralisation eroded the capacity of public institutions to protect the provision of vital public services. This is revealed through the reduced provision of non-statutory services and the reinforcement of inequalities in service provision. Shifts in governance have led to mixed outcomes in the quality of services. This article also addresses how austerity influenced many of the problems observed in service provision during the COVID-19 pandemic. Vital public services in the UK faced the pandemic with a diminished resource base, heightened inequalities and significant fragmentation in service provision.
Теоретичні засади обліку стратегічних активів
Authors: Гринь Вікторія Петрівна
Published: May 2021

Обґрунтовано систему стратегічного фінансового обліку шляхом розробки теоретичних засад обліку стратегічних активів. Розглянуто розвиток системи фінансового обліку як засобу стратегічних облікових комунікацій через призму поглиблення та додаткової класифікації вже наявних об’єктів фінансового обліку, зокрема активів підприємства, за ранжуванням стратегічно значущих активів. Обґрунтовано доцільність використання ресурсної теорії стратегічного менеджменту для ідентифікації стратегічних активів. Визначено пріоритетність стратегічних активів серед об’єктів стратегічного управління з огляду на положення ресурсної теорії. Запропоновано необхідність перегляду системи інформаційного забезпечення прийняття стратегічних управлінських рішень у контексті застосування концепції ключових компетенцій. Використано теорію стратегічного управління, яка дозволила ідентифікувати та описати об’єкти, яким має приділятися особлива увага суб’єктами стратегічного менеджменту. Розвинуто ресурсну теорію з подальшим формуванням основного джерела стійких конкурентних переваг підприємства – стратегічних активів, які формують доходи підприємства або сприяють мінімізації його витрат. Сформовано актуальність проблеми щодо необхідності облікової ідентифікації, пошуку релевантних моделей оцінювання та забезпечення достовірного надання інформації про наявність чи зміни на підприємстві стратегічних активів. Запропоновано розглядати стратегічні активи як сукупність ресурсів підприємства, що забезпечують формування його конкурентного потенціалу. Виокремлено поняття стратегічних активів у системі обліку в широкому та вузькому розумінні залежно від видів забезпечуваних ними конкурентних переваг, що гарантують формування конкурентних переваг підприємства.
Вплив мотиваційних факторів на результативність діяльності державних службовців
Authors: Литвинчук Оксана Валеріївна
Published: May 2021

Стаття присвячена питанню мотивації державних службовців. Проведено ґрунтовний аналіз публікацій на цю тему, який засвідчив наявність значної кількості відповідних досліджень. Змістовно розглянуто актуальні проблеми мотивації держслужбовців у сучасних умовах. Визначено основні мотиви працівників та проаналізовано сутність мотивації праці, перелічено основні завдання мотивації. З урахуванням результатів діяльності людини мотивація може змінюватися, що зумовлює зміну поведінки під час виконання роботи. Для успішного керування поведінкою держслужбовця в процесі трудової діяльності важливо встановити, чому саме людина працює, що викликає бажання й потребу працювати. Старанність, наполегливість у досягненні цілей формуються тільки під впливом сильних мотиваційних чинників. Мотивація посилює бажану поведінку людини, тому розуміння внутрішніх механізмів мотивації – важлива складова ефективної політики професійних відносин у сфері публічного управління.

Розглянуто основні напрями матеріального й нематеріального мотивування державних службовців як фактору підвищення ефективної діяльності. Не зважаючи на те, що в сучасному українському суспільстві важливе значення приділяється матеріальному аспекту винагороди праці, проте нематеріальна мотивація є також значущою і важливою. Державний службовець має бути задоволеним тією роботою, яку він виконує, отримуючи відповідні результати й винагороди, ознайомлюючись із власними успіхами, отримуючи визнання за свою працю й чітко передбачуючи для себе подальші перспективи діяльності. У статті відображено теоретичні проблеми формування системи мотивації. Якщо працівники не мотивовані належним чином до високоефективної праці, це знижує загальний рівень діяльності установи та її конкурентоспроможність. Також проаналізовано сучасні методи мотивації держслужбовців та їх вплив на результати діяльності. У процесі наукового дослідження було використано для опрацювання матеріалів такі методи, як описовий та аналітичний, індукція та дедукція, аналіз, синтез, що надало можливість повно й системно дослідити вказану проблематику.
Державне регулювання та координація участі України в міжнародних організаціях аерокосмічного профілю
Authors: Псюк Михайло Олександрович
Published: May 2021

Аерокосмічна галузь сьогодні є однієї з провідних, її успішний розвиток гарантує технологічне, економічне та політичне лідерство України на світовій арені. У статті зазначено, що аерокосмічна діяльність України насамперед орієнтована на розширення і поглиблення міжнародного співробітництва на міждержавному, міжурядовому та міжвідомчому рівнях, на розвиток зовнішньоекономічної діяльності підприємств космічної галузі, виведення національних космічних розробок на світовий ринок, впровадження передових космічних технологій у різні сфери народного господарства, створення умов для розвитку конкуренції та приватної ініціативи. Проаналізовано участь України в роботі провідних міжнародних організацій у сфері регулювання, координації та використання космосу й космічних технологій. Обґрунтовано необхідність державної підтримки розвитку та реалізації міжнародних коопераційних проєктів та програм співпраці, що є одним з основних напрямів державного регулювання аерокосмічної галузі України.
Концептуальні засади становлення та функціонування вертикально інтегрованих структур
Authors: Топило Вікторія Анатоліївна , Данилко Валерій Кирилович
Published: May 2021

Стаття присвячена дослідженню концептуальних засад створення та функціонування вертикально інтегрованих структур у вітчизняній економіці. Незважаючи на значний науковий внесок авторів у дослідження цієї тематики, існує низка невирішених питань щодо виокремлення напрямів, форм, видів вертикальної інтеграції, які потребують додаткового вивчення та уточнення. Метою написання статті є дослідження концептуальних засад створення та функціонування вертикально інтегрованих структур, уточнення економічного змісту вертикальної інтеграції та розробка її класифікаційної моделі. На підставі проведення декомпозиційного аналізу уточнено поняття «вертикально інтегрована структура», під якою слід розуміти форму функціонування підприємницької структури, яка виникла шляхом об’єднання фінансових, виробничих, трудових ресурсів суб’єктів різноманітних організаційно-правових форм, що пов’язані технологічним циклом (процесом постачання, виробництва та реалізації продукції), з метою одержання максимального синергетичного ефекту та стратегічних конкурентних переваг. Розроблено класифікаційну модель вертикально інтегрованих структур, в межах якої виокремлено такі ознаки класифікації та групи вертикально інтегрованих структур: 1) за походженням капіталу (національні, іноземні, змішані); 2) за видами (картель, холдинг, трест; асоціація; синдикат; конгломерат); 3) за  ступенем інтеграції (повна інтеграція з поділом на природну та інтеграцію шляхом злиття; квазіінтеграція з поділом на стратегічні союзи (альянси), спільні підприємства, володіння активами, перехресне володіння акціями; франчайзинг; довгострокові контракти); 4) за напрямами інтеграції (розвиток виробничих зв’язків; акумуляція фінансових ресурсів; реалізація інноваційно-інвестиційних проєктів; розвиток торговельного співробітництва). На відміну від існуючих класифікацій запропоновано нову ознаку: за рівнем контролю та підпорядкування – дозволяє виокремити вертикально інтегровані структури з надмірним контролем і структури зі слабким контролем, що відображає ступінь залежності підпорядкованих суб’єктів від управлінських рішень головної (материнської) компанії. Запропонована класифікація сприятиме уточненню теоретичних основ, покладених в основу дослідження вертикально інтегрованих структур, та є базою для вивчення їх особливостей залежно від вирізнених ознак.
Теоретико-методичні основи оцінювання майнового стану підприємства
Authors: Мельник Тетяна Юріївна , Свірко Світлана Володимирівна
Published: May 2021

Статтю присвячено дослідженню сутності поняття «майновий стан підприємства» та обґрунтуванню організаційних аспектів і методичного інструментарію його оцінювання. З’ясовано, що в економічній літературі існують різні підходи як до визначення самого поняття «майновий стан», так і до методів його оцінки. На підставі вивчення існуючих підходів запропоновано визначати майновий стан підприємства як одну із ключових характеристик фінансового стану суб’єкта господарювання, що відображає розміщення, склад, структуру, динаміку і стан майна (активів) та капіталу (пасивів) підприємства, і змінюється з часом за рахунок впливу внутрішніх та зовнішніх факторів. Встановлено, що технологія організації процесу оцінювання майнового стану суб’єктів господарювання передбачає виокремлення та послідовне виконання основних його етапів. Враховуючи зазначене, обґрунтовано алгоритм типової процедури оцінювання майнового стану підприємства на основі реалізації послідовних етапів: організаційно-підготовчого, основного (аналітичного) та заключного. Наведено перелік аналітичних робіт, притаманних кожному з етапів, послідовне виконання яких дозволить створити інформаційний ресурс (результативну інформацію), а саме сукупність якісних і кількісних показників, які характеризують майновий стан суб’єкта підприємницької діяльності. Одним із найважливіших питань під час здійснення оцінювання є обґрунтування методичного інструментарію аналізу майна підприємства та джерел його формування (капіталу). Узагальнення підходів науковців до методології оцінювання майнового стану суб’єктів господарювання дозволило вирізнити окремі напрями та обґрунтувати відповідні методичні способи й прийоми, комплексне використання яких дасть можливість створити якісне та об’єктивне інформаційне забезпечення для прийняття обґрунтованих управлінських рішень щодо виявлення резервів і покращення фінансово-майнового стану підприємства.
Current challenges and threats of regional development, the ways to overcome them
Authors: Dzhyhora Olha
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the study of challenges, the main threats to the development of regions and key ways to overcome them. The strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the regions have been studied with the help of SWOT-analysis. The interrelations of the regional development SWOT-matrix elements and variants of correlations among internal factors and external influences on the regions development have been determined. The use of graph-theoretic model for quantitative assessment of SWOT-matrix elements (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) has been proposed, as a result of which the priority opportunities have been identified, which implementation contributes to regional development: deepening integration with the EU, improving the business climate in Ukraine, stimulating the development of small and medium business.
Natural capital accounting in the context of the socio-economic paradigm of financial reporting: conceptual and methodological aspects
Authors: Golochalova Irina , Vakun Oksana
Published: May 2021

In the context of ensuring sustainable development, the activities of a business entity have come to be viewed as a three-component system designed to provide reliable information on the contribution of business to the social and environmental segments of the economy. This trend has led to the transition to the financial reporting socio-economic paradigm, which predetermines its revolutionary transformations, one of which is finding ways to recognize natural capital and disclose information about its impact on the business entity’s value. In the article the conceptual foundation for the recognition of natural capital and impact of its disclosure in financial statements on the business entity’s value has been provided. The methodological aspects of the recognition of two forms of natural capital (natural resources and ecosystem services) have been analyzed. The generalized model for the recognition of natural capital based on the IFRS system has been proposed. The system of accounting and financial reporting of the Republic of Moldova in the context of the transition to the socio-economic concept of disclosing information about the business entity’s value has been characterized.
The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on GDP per capita in European countries
Authors: Zagurska-Antoniuk Victoria , Suprunova Iryna , Zavalii Tetiana
Published: May 2021

The study simulates the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in European countries for the first half of 2020. It is realized through regression analysis. The dependent variable was GDP per capita (forecast by International Monetary Fund) and the independent variables were five factors that characterize the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in European countries (total confirmed cases per capita; total confirmed deaths per capita; percentage of recovered in the total confirmed cases on July 1, 2020; total tests per capita; percentage of days from the beginning of the spread of COVID-19 in the total number of days in the first half of 2020). Based on the results of the regression analysis, the regression equation explains 56 % of the changes in the dependent variable. The proposed regression model is recognized as adequate to sample data. The multicollinearity among independent variables is denied. Thus, the proposed regression model can be used to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on GDP per capita, when information on real GDP per capita becomes known.
first-largest shareholder and the attractiveness of investing in Polish dividend companies
Authors: Pieloch-Babiarz Aleksandra
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this article is to examine the attractiveness of investing in shares of listed companies that regularly pay out dividends depending on the type of the first-largest shareholder. In order to achieve the aim of the paper, two following research questions we formulated: 1) in which companies, broken down by type of the first-largest shareholder, is the highest dividend payment observed? 2) considering the main shareholder, owning shares of which dividend companies is most beneficial for a stock market investor? Furthermore, the research hypothesis is: when investing in dividend, the most attractive investments are those companies in which the most shares are held by institutional investors and the State Treasury. The research was conducted on non-financial companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the years 2005-2019 that regularly paid out dividends. The main research method was the classical technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (i.e., TOPSIS) in which stimulants and destimulants were selected in a way which enables to assess the investment attractiveness from the point of view of a long-term stock market investor interested in dividend. Moreover, the Pearson correlation matrix and descriptive statistics were used. In order to conduct the computation we used the statistical software Statistica 13.5 and Excel.The research revealed that the highest dividends were paid out by these companies in which the first-largest shareholder was the institutional investor. In addition, our calculations based on a synthetic indicator showed that the most attractive investments (in terms of stock market investor interested in so called ‘dividend investing’) were shares of these companies in which the main shareholder was an institutional investor, individual investor and legal person. In all these types of companies, the average value of dividend payout ratio was higher than in the entire research group. The fourth position in terms of investment attractiveness was occupied by the companies in which managers held the most shares (these companies paid out the lowest dividends in the entire research group). The last place in the ranking was taken by the companies in which the State Treasury was the main shareholder (these companies, despite the payment of high dividends, turned out not to be attractive investment due to their financial condition, and in particular, very high debt).
NON-CONTACT BODY CONDITION SCORE OF DAIRY COWS BASED ON TOF-TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University, PAVKIN DMITRY YU.
Published: May 2021

The paper presents the results of applying the body condition score (BCS) least squares algorithm used to assess the body condition of dairy cows with a 3D ToF camera. The authors propose a method for collecting field data on the body condition of dairy cows in industrial milk production using a 3D ToF camera. The camera was installed at a height of 2200 mm from the floor at an angle of 5° towards the sacrum. Four areas of the body of 34 dairy cows were examined: the ischial tuberosities, the roundness of the maclugs, the sacral ligament, and the caudal ligament. Data were collected during milking. 136 images were processed. Digital data were processed in three types of images: in the RGB-D color spectrum, Point Cloud and binary. The assessment took into account five groups of fatness: 1 - lean; 2 - thin; 3 - well-fed; 4 - very well-fed; 5 - obese dairy cow. The resulting images were analyzed using software developed in the Matlab environment. The results of the algorithm were compared with the expert assessment of four specialists. According to the results of the BCS assessment of the algorithm, the fatness scores of groups 1 and 5 coincided with the opinion of experts with a probability of 73 and 67%, in groups 2, 3, 4 the coincidence was 61, 52 and 55%, respectively. The authors suppose that the inaccuracy in determining the fatness of groups 2, 3 and 4 is associated with their implicit differences. It is concluded that of all the BCS groups, the system more accurately determines the fatness of cows of groups 1 and 5, as well as from three image options (Point cloud 3D, RGB-D, binary) RGB-D most accurately determined the fatness of cows.
Epidemiology of human West Nile virus infections in the European Union and European Union enlargement countries, 2010 to 2018
Authors: Young Johanna J , Haussig Joana M , Aberle Stephan W , Pervanidou Danai , Riccardo Flavia , Sekulić Nebojša , Bakonyi Tamás , Gossner Céline M
Published: May 2021

Background

West Nile virus (WNV) circulates in an enzootic cycle involving mosquitoes and birds; humans are accidental hosts.

Aim

We analysed human WNV infections reported between 2010 and 2018 to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control to better understand WNV epidemiology.

Methods

We describe probable and confirmed autochthonous human cases of WNV infection reported by European Union (EU) and EU enlargement countries. Cases with unknown clinical manifestation or with unknown place of infection at NUTS 3 or GAUL 1 level were excluded from analysis.

Results

From southern, eastern and western Europe, 3,849 WNV human infections and 379 deaths were reported. Most cases occurred between June and October. Two large outbreaks occurred, in 2010 (n = 391) and in 2018 (n = 1,993). The outbreak in 2018 was larger than in all previous years and the first cases were reported unusually early. The number of newly affected areas (n = 45) was higher in 2018 than in previous years suggesting wider spread of WNV.

Conclusion

Real-time surveillance of WNV infections is key to ensuring that clinicians and public health authorities receive early warning about the occurrence of cases and potential unusual seasonal patterns. Human cases may appear shortly after first detection of animal cases. Therefore, public health authorities should develop preparedness plans before the occurrence of human or animal WNV infections.
Unprecedented increase of West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease, Spain, summer 2020
Authors: García San Miguel Rodríguez-Alarcón Lucía , Fernández-Martínez Beatriz , Sierra Moros María José , Vázquez Ana , Julián Pachés Paula , García Villacieros Elena , Gómez Martín María Belén , Figuerola Borras Jordi , Lorusso Nicola , Ramos Aceitero Julian Mauro , Moro Elena , de Celis Aránzazu , Oyonarte Salvador , Mahillo Beatriz , Romero González Luis José , Sánchez-Seco María Paz , Suárez Rodríguez Berta , Ameyugo Catalán Ulises , Ruiz Contreras Santiago , Pérez-Olmeda Mayte , Simón Soria , Fernando
Published: May 2021

Cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) in Spain increased in summer 2020. Here we report on this increase and the local, regional and national public health measures taken in response. We analysed data from regional surveillance networks and the National Epidemiological Surveillance Network, both for human and animal West Nile virus (WNV) infection. During the 2020 season, a total of 77 human cases of WNV infection (median age 65 years; 60% males) were detected in the south-west of Spain; 72 (94%) of these cases developed WNND, presenting as meningoencephalitis, seven of which were fatal. In the previous two decades, only six human cases of WNND were detected in Spain. Reduced activities for vector control this season, together with other factors, might have contributed to the massive increase. Public health measures including vector control, campaigns to raise awareness among physicians and the general population, and interventions to ensure the safety of donations of blood products, organs, cells and tissues were effective to reduce transmission. Going forward, maintenance of vector control activities and an update of the vector-borne diseases response plan in Spain is needed.
Construcción a escala del Avión Noorduyn Norseman
Authors: Herrera Wilmer , Arrega Fabian , Guevara Cristian
Published: May 2021

El aeromodelismo es una afición con un elevado componente científico y técnico cuya finalidad es diseñar, construir y hacer volar aviones a escala, buscando que el modelo sea lo más exacto posible del original. Para el semillero de investigación, la idea central es tomar estos artefactos voladores e implementarles un módulo basado en inteligencia artificial que controle el prototipo utilizando la Lógica difusa que se basa en lo observado, permitiendo desarrollar un aeromodelo autónomo y confiable capaz de responder a los distintos cambios en las variables del entorno.
Situación Comercial de la ciudad de Milagro
Authors: Guevara Viejo Fabricio , Castillo Paez Sergio Alberto
Published: May 2021

El cantón Milagro, se caracteriza por contar con un sector empresarial de potencial desarrollo, pero que requiere de aportes y apoyos de instituciones que le permitan acceder a oportunidades de crecimiento que le permitan consolidarse. Para esto, es importante conocer el momento actual por el que viven estas empresas, cuales son sus características primordiales y la relación de variables que permitan describir en términos generales, sus fortalezas y debilidades como sector, tomando como referencia que en el 2010, el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos, levantó los datos de la actividad empresarial mediante la realización del censo económico. En el presente artículo, se pretende a partir de los resultados del censo económico describir la actividad empresarial y con esta descripción, plantear el desarrollo local, argumentando las posibilidades que se tienen mediante la colaboración entre las instituciones públicas y privadas. Aspecto considerado es el desarrollo sostenible mediante la creación de eslabonamientos productivos que fomenten la actividad agroindustrial, fomentando la agregación de valor a productos como el cacao, las flores, la caña de azúcar, el banano, entre otros. Se plantea la necesidad de infraestructura, y prestación de servicios como son el diseño de productos, provisión de energía eléctrica, centros de capacitación de recursos humanos, asignación de suelos, acceso a la información, apoyo a la comercialización, fortalecimiento al desarrollo de marcas locales, centros de apoyo a la comercialización, apoyo a la difusión y publicidad, logística de transporte y servicios de reciclaje como actividades necesarias para el fomento del desarrollo local.
ENHANCING THE EFFICIENCY OF INDOOR LOCAL VENTILATION USING CROSS-FLOW FANS: CASE STUDY FOR A SMOKING CABIN
Authors: DRAGOMIRESCU ANDREI , CIOCĂNEA ADRIAN
Published: May 2021

The paper presents an original solution for increasing air quality and reducing energy consumption of the local indoor ventilation by using cross-flow fans. The solution is a combination between the local exhaust ventilation (LEV) technique from industry, negative-pressure isolation rooms used in hospitals, and air curtains (AC) used for isolating of indoor/outdoor spaces. The solution provides a high air flow rate at low velocity due to the high value of the flow coefficient of the cross flow fans and, in the same time, allows modular setup according to local space geometry. A case study is proposed regarding the isolation of a smoking area where smell and airborne particles appear. A 3D numerical simulation was performed, in which one cross-flow fan with long axial length was considered. The optimum air flow rate and flow pattern was obtained in order to isolate the local space. The results show that a new approach for reducing sick building syndrome could be addressed by providing modular and local ventilation using cross-flow fans.
ISSUES ON THE APPLICATION OF A QUALITY-RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN A HEALTHCARE SERVICES PROVIDER UNIT
Authors: MILITARU CONSTANTIN , VOINESCU LEONARDO
Published: May 2021

A medical service, as a public service, is composed of a provider represented by the medical staff and a framework that carries out their work. Therefore, a qualitative management of services must be taken into account, on the one hand by the quality of care itself, and on the other hand by how the resource material is managed throughout the services provided. Fortunately, quality and risk management systems concepts are becoming more widely used in their speech, by the responsible with those services at European and national level. A quality medical service can be attained through a rigorous and effective management of the quality of medical care itself, and through increased quality of human resources and materials involved and ensuring health and reduce the risks of treatment/ care patients. The authors present in brief a model of risk assessments and risk classification in a medical unit.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES ON THE VEGETAL MATERIAL QUALITY, IN ORDER TO OPTIMIZE OF SOME PROCESSING PROCESSES OF THE MEDICINAL PLANTS
Authors: PRUTEANU AUGUSTINA , DAVID LADISLAU , VLADUT VALENTIN , MUSCALU ADRIANA
Published: May 2021

In the production of medicinal plants, the phytotherapeutic products quality is given by the content and the amount of bioactive substances from the plant. The quality of the phytotherapeutic products is dependent on the quality of the vegetal raw material as well as by the quality of the manufacturing processes. This paper presents the experimental determinations of some physical and dimensional properties of the vegetal material, in order to separate by sorts and of obtaining of some vegetal extracts therefrom. The determinations were performed in order to optimize the separation and extraction processes of medicinal plants. Knowing the characteristics of the vegetal material is particularly important for the achievement of some high-performance technical equipment for processing of medicinal plants.
CHARACTERIZATION OF RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMISOLID MATERIALS USED AS THERMAL INTERFACES. PART I: A BRIEF REVIEW
Authors: CIORNEI FLORINA-CARMEN , ALACI STELIAN
Published: May 2021

In optimizing the performances of electronic devices, the semisolids used as thermal pastes have a significant part. The interface material should have a good compliance to follow the shape of the contacting surfaces and higher spreadability but also, have increased filler content for high thermal conductivity. The properties of composite materials are theoretically modeled and for designing a semisolid the rheological characterization is required. The paper presents a concise review of the methods used in rheology for characterization of semisolids.
EFFECTS OF GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS ON ENTROPY GENERATION IN FIRE-TUBE STEAM BOILER’S HEAT EXCHANGER
Authors: LASODE OLUMUYIWA , OYEKALE JOSEPH , OHIJEAGBON IDEHAI , OLADEJI JOHN
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a parametric study on fire-tube steam boilers’ heat exchanging unit using Entropy Generation Minimization (EGM) technique. Mathematical equation that models entropy generation rate (Ṡgen), and entropy generation number (Ns), were formulated. The entropy generation number was related to the geometric features of the system. Solving the equations showed the effects of each geometric feature on both pressure drop and Ns. Correlation equation relating dimensionless fire-tube length to dimensionless tube diameter was also obtained. The obtained correlation equation is a tool to be incorporated into fire-tube steam boiler design, so as to account for entropy generation during design.
REVIEW ON THE ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE ASSESSMENT
Authors: PETROVICI ALINA , TOMOZEI CLAUDIA , NEDEFF FLORIN , IRIMIA OANA , PANAINTE-LEHADUS MIRELA
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a synthesis of current state of the assessment of road traffic noise in urban areas considering economic, social and legal aspects. Therefore, there were described several prediction methods of the urban traffic noise. These methods are useful in calculating the exposure of the population at noise levels which exceed the permissible limits. Mapping is one of the most common methods used for the assessment of noise. Whether it is industrial, airport, rail or road traffic noise, noise mapping provides accurate data needed later in developing action plans against noise. The road traffic noise assessments are performed periodically, and a representative picture of the noise in the analysed areas is obtained. Then, the action plans can be developed in order to reduce road traffic noise, where it is necessary.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OWN EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES OF PRODUCING THE FOAMED GLASS-CERAMIC
Authors: PĂUNESCU LUCIAN , DRĂGOESCU MARIUS FLORIN , AXINTE SORIN MIRCEA
Published: May 2021

The paper presents experimental results obtained by a team of researchers from the company Daily Sourcing & Research SRL Bucharest in the field of producing the foamed glass-ceramic from waste bottle glass, coal ash and silicon carbide as foaming agent. The originality of the experiments consists in the use of electricity or microwave energy, unlike all techniques known worldwide consumers of fossil fuel. The product, obtained with low energy consumptions and very low pollutants emissions, has physical and mechanical characteristics of an insulating material, i.e. high porosity, low thermal conductivity and an adequate compressive strength.
A MULTICRITERIA DESCRIPTION OF RULES FOR PUBLIC PROCUREMENT
Authors: ŽIŽOVIĆ MALIŠA , ŽIVKOVIĆ MILUTIN
Published: May 2021

At an announced tender of a contracting party, in the processes of public procurement of goods or services, a method of decision-making follows after interested bidders submit bids. Such method of choice is characteristic for all business systems with majority share of state capital. Methods of decision-making come down to selecting the best bids, because mistakes in the selection should be excluded. However, in practice, the problems of a wrong choice are manifested in dissatisfaction of the bidders. The problem then causes a delay in the procurement process, and often the retrial. In order to prevent this from happening authors of this paper suggest a somewhat different methodologies in selecting the most advantageous tender to the contracting authorities. The proposed method will be the case of the of Parking service (PC) from Belgrade (service of overhaul of the devices) will show a possible way of selecting the best alternative bids, taking into account previously adopted criteria.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF WATER TREATMENT PROCESS. A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF EVALUATION METHOD
Authors: FABIAN FLORINA , NEDEFF VALENTIN , PANAINTE -LEHADUS MIRELA , IRIMIA OANA , RACOVITA SILVIA
Published: May 2021

In an international context in continuous development, water treatment processes become an important component of society where we live. Attention is directed on water treatment processes in the context of increasing water demand. This study proposes a systematic review of methods for the assessment of the environmental impact of Water Treatment process. The approach is based on the evaluation of LCA, Externalities Evaluation methodology and Carbon Footprint methodology, each of these methods have the environmental indicators able to relate direct and indirect emissions generated by any water treatment process. The present review compares and discusses the implementation of the above-cited methodologies to different case studies. The results in short show that Carbon Footprint only assesses the global warming potential of a water treatment plant, whereas Life Cycle Analysis and assess multiple environmental impact categories, which may include global warming, but also impacts on human health, ecosystems quality, etc. There are different standards and organizations around each assessment. The ExternE method on the contrary aims to quantify external impacts, from both economic and social points of view, to weight each endpoint of the impact categories.
DIOXINS / FURANS (PCDDs/PCDFs) CONTROL IN CEMENT INDUSTRY IN ROMANIA
Authors: CIOBANU CRISTIAN , VOICU GHEORGHE , TOMA MAGDALENA-LAURA , MARCU SILVIU
Published: May 2021

The most important sources of dioxins are waste incineration, industrial (dioxins are by-products), volcanic eruptions, fire, etc. The Romanian law 278/2013 provides the air emissions limit of 0.1 ng/Nm3 gases for dioxins and furans emitted by the incineration and co-incineration plants. Some aspects regarding the control of these substances in the gases from a cement factory in Romania are presented in this paper. In incineration plant were used various fuels. However, the substances level mentioned above was within the allowed limits.
EVALUATION OF METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCE ON BENZENE ACCIDENTAL POLLUTION. CASE STUDY: BACAU CITY 2008
Authors: CAPSA DOINA , NEDEFF VALENTIN , BARSAN NARCIS , MOSNEGUTU EMILIAN , CHITIMUS DANA
Published: May 2021

Air quality depends on the type and size of industrial activities, traffic intensity, municipal and industrial waste management etc. In addition, air quality in urban areas depends by the green areas management, population density, climatic conditions and geographic. This paper study the correlations between the most important meteorological factors, humidity, temperature, wind and benzene accidental pollution, with influence on pollutant dispersion (related to 2008). The correlation were performed by taken in to considerations the accidental benzene pollution recorded in 2008 in Bacau City and meteorological factor recorded at the regional meteorological station.
NEW SELENATO TRIPHENYLTIN (IV) AND TRIMETHYLTIN (IV) DERIVATIVES: SYNTHESIS, INFRARED AND NMR STUDIES
Authors: DIALLO WALY , DIOP LIBASSE
Published: May 2021

Five derivatives of general formulae [cation] [SeO4SnR3] (R = Ph, Me) have been studied by infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The suggested structures are infinite chains or oligomers, the environment around the tin centre being trans trigonal bipyramidal, the phenyl and methyl substituants occupying equatorial positions, the selenate anion behaving as a bridging bidentate ligand and occupying the apical positions. When cations are involved, supramolecular architectures may be obtained.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURES OF REGENERATED CEMENT FROM WASTE CONCRETE
Authors: DU YILENG , ZUO HONGJUAN
Published: May 2021

It has been a long time since humans started using waste materials in engineering applications. This approach not only reduces the yield of waste, while minimizing the costs of disposal but also limit the cost of new materials. In the field of construction, the reuse of waste concretes has been a strong research in recent years. However the processing of the wastes normally involves complicated processing and lab equipment. In this report we crush and dehydrate waste concretes with normal lab facilities and re-make the cement composites. The waste concretes were crushed and dehydrated at two temperatures, 1280 and 1400 ˚C. To balance the concentration of silica and lime, extra lime at 28.5 % and 16 % were added to the waste concretes. The resultant materials were evaluated with respect to the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and microstructures. It is concluded that the material dehydrated at 1400 ˚C and containing 28.5 % lime presents the best mechanical performance. This report presents a simple and inexpensive method to reuse the waste concretes in applications such as pavements.
EVALUATION OF THE HEATING SYSTEM FROM AN INJECTION MOLDING MACHINE
Authors: BIBIRE LUMINITA , BARSAN NARCIS
Published: May 2021

Injection is an economical process characterised through an increased productivity that leads, in the majority of cases, to finite pieces. The process of injection includes two distinctive phases, firstly, when the melting occurs, followed by the homogenisation and the creation of pressure; the process takes place in the plasticizing unity; coming next being the second phase that consists in the forming of the producs, in the cavity of the matrix. Regarding the main factors, the purpose of this paper was insuring a thermic regime as uniform as possible in order to obtain an appropriate plastifying process. To do this, with the help of a thermovision camera type Fluke Ti20, the thermic regime has been studied in the area of the plastifying cylinder, following the balancing of the heating resistances.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN WATER-GAP AND AIR-GAP DISTILLATION MEMBRANES FOR REMOVAL OF SALTS FROM SALINE WATER BY DESALINATION METHOD
Authors: TATARU LAURENTIU , NEDEFF VALENTIN , BARSAN NARCIS , PANAINTE-LEHADUS MIRELA , MOSNEGUTU EMILIAN , CHITIMUS DANA , FABIAN FLORINA
Published: May 2021

The water deficit for consumption in various daily activities is more pronounced especially in countries where rainfall is low or in those areas where water demand is higher than available resources. This paper is a comparison between the airgap and water-gap distillation method. The results of the study have shown that the water-based distillation method can be more efficient, as the volume of permeate obtained is higher in relation to the increase in the flow temperature.The results obtained as well as the comparison of the advantages related to the two membrane distillation processes will be presented in the present paper.
INTELLIGENT LOW-POWER SMART HOME ARCHITECTURE
Authors: POPESCU CORNEL , CULEA GEORGE
Published: May 2021

The Smart Home technology is a house that implements a variety of physical and digital well-integrated technologies, providing a number of functionalities like control of lighting, temperature, multimedia devices, flammable gas leakage, automatic plant irrigation or alarms security using a set of hardware components connected to a development board that can be accessed remotely through an Android application. First, is presented the context and a state-of-the-art for such of applications. Second, is made a description for the architecture hardware and software of a smart home application like custom. Finally, results are highlighted and some edifying conclusions.
DEVELOPMENT OF CERAMIC MICROFILTRATION SUPPORT FROM MOROCCAN SAHARA CLAY
Authors: EL QACEMI NOURLYAQUIN , SAFFAJ NABIL , MAMOUNI RACHID , EL BARAKA NOURREDINE , ZIDOUH HAMID , AIT BAIH MOHAMED , AKNIFLI ABDELATIF
Published: May 2021

The new ceramic microfiltration support prepared from Moroccan clay (Laayoune region, South of Morocco) is reported in this paper. To optimize the support elaboration conditions, the powder clay is mixed with organic additives and water. The formed paste is shaped by using an extrusion processing and then sintered at 950 °C. The ceramic supports present a porosity and mechanical strength of 44 % and 12MPa respectively. The layer filtration deposition has been carried out by the slip casting method, in order to test its operation in textile effluents treatment.