bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculations of the Acoustic Efficiency of Noise Shields Based on the Numerical Solution of the Sound Diffraction Equation
Authors: ANTONOV A.I. , GUSEV V.P. , LEDENEV V.I. , MATVEEVA I.V. , SHUBIN I.L.
Published: July 2024

Currently, noise-proof wall screens are widely used in urban development to protect against traffic noise, noise from ventilation equipment installed on the roofs of buildings, as well as from other linear and point noise sources. To assess the acoustic efficiency of such screens at the design stage, a practical calculation method proposed by Z. Maekawa for semi-infinite screens of simple geometric shape is used. At the same time, screens of other complex geometric shapes are widely used in the practice of noise reduction by screening in the absence and presence of various technological openings and holes in them. In this case, the application of the calculation method proposed by Z. Maekava may give significant errors in assessing the acoustic efficiency of shielding. For such cases, the article suggests using a method based on the numerical solution of the sound diffraction equation. A computer program has been developed for the numerical solution of the Fresnel-Kirghoff equation and, based on it, the possibility of solving practical problems is shown. Using the program, the influence of openings and gaps available in screens of finite sizes on the acoustic efficiency of shielding is estimated. The proposed numerical method can be applied at the design stage of complex shaped flat noise shields.
Modelling the Structure of Highly Porous Materials
Authors: BESSONOV I.V. , ZHUKOV A.D. , GOVRYAKOV I.S. , GORBUNOVA E.A.
Published: July 2024

Highly porous materials are the basis for four product groups: heat insulation, sound insulation and sound absorption, as well as insulation filling. In all cases, the parameter determining the properties of these materials is porosity, which also determines the conditions for energy transfer in the material. Pore size and shape, pore size distribution and porosity, thickness, structure, and nature of inter-ring membranes are also important characteristics (determining, first and foremost, their strength. These features of the structure and their influence on the properties of materials can be considered in the implementation of structural and mathematical models. The article describes the method and results of construction of complex structural model of high porous products on the example of particularly light and heat insulating mesh concrete. Analytical expressions for compressive strength, medium density and thermal conductivity are obtained. A nomogram has been constructed, with the help of which prognostic tasks of assessment of properties of mineral products of honeycomb structure can be solved depending on their porosity and nature of the structure-forming component
Researching and Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Foamed Glass Crushed Stone in Conditions of Problem Soils
Authors: BESSONOV I.V. , KOROTKOV E.A. , GOVRYAKOV I.S. , GORBUNOVA E.A. , TAICHINOV D.R.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the work was to study the heat-protective qualities of foam glass crushed stone based on diatomite and cullet and to assess its applicability as part of the roadway in permafrost areas. Experimental definitions of thermal engineering parameters of foam glass crushed stone made of cullet and diatomite, including bulk density, operational density, compressive strength in a cylinder at a given operational density, thermal conductivity, have been carried out. The thermophysical characteristics of backfilling from foam glass crushed stone based on cullet at a 30% degree of compaction have been studied. The values of thermal conductivity of foam glass crushed stone in dry, frozen, and thawed conditions are determined. The experimental data obtained were the basis for computer modeling and calculation of soil temperature fields with a pavement structure in the territory of permafrost distribution (Republic of Sakha, Yakutia). The calculation of the temperature regime change with a forecast for 12 months was carried out. For comparison, the calculation of a similar road structure without a thermal insulation layer, using coarse sand, is presented. The calculation results show the effectiveness of using foam glass rubble filling in the construction of the pavement; it was found that the thermal insulation layer of foam glass rubble prevents the defrosting of a layer of permafrost soils.
The American and Polish Legal Perspectives on Cases of Neurological Perinatal Damage – Selected Issues
Authors: Drozdowska Urszula Dorota
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to present and analyze the method of compensation for a special type of medical damage – neurological perinatal damage – which arises in connection with childbirth and is neuropathological in nature. This damage is irreversible and the cost of medical care, which sometimes continues throughout the child’s entire life, is very high. Claims involving this type of damage generate the highest compensation amounts, which means, from the liability insurance point of view, that it is a “hard-to-insure” injury. This is true for both the Polish and US liability systems, even though they are legal orders apart. What we are dealing here is, on the one hand, the need to support the family of the injured child, so that, thanks to the money obtained, they can begin their treatment and rehabilitation as soon as possible, and on the other hand, the need to take into account the interests of gynecologists and obstetricians, so that their occupations do not become deficit occupations. The idea is to increase the sense of legal security for these socially important medical professions. Given the above, attempts to seek an alternative to the judicial model of liability as a means of compensating this type of medical damage should come as no surprise. An example of an alternative liability model is the legislation enacted in two US states: Virginia and Florida (so-called “slice” no-fault liability models). These models, in effect for more than 35 years, are described in the first part of the article. In the second part, the author compares them with the main principles of the Polish judicial model of liability and the extrajudicial model, which, due to recent amendments to the law have undergone a major transformation. Then (due to the comprehensiveness of the subject matter), using the example of selected representative court cases, the author analyses the types of compensation claims and the amounts of benefits awarded in cases of perinatal neurological damage. The discussion ends with conclusions comparing the US and Polish models.
The World of Values of Polish and Hungarian Students – A Comparative Study
Authors: Cekiera Rafał
Published: July 2024

W artykule zaprezentowane zostały wyniki badań porównawczych dotyczących świata wartości studentów polskich i węgierskich uczelni wyższych. Podczas kwerendy badawczej wykorzystano narzędzie pozwalające zarówno na aksjologiczne autoidentyfikacje badanych, jak i wyrażenie opinii na temat budzących społeczne emocje zagadnień. Projekt badawczy pozwolił zidentyfikować zarówno podobieństwa, jak i interesujące różnice w systemie wartości studentów dwóch analizowanych państw. Studenci węgierscy rzadziej deklarowali się jako wierzący i mniejszą wagę przydawali religii, równocześnie znacznie częściej niż polscy uznając, że chrześcijański system wartości powinien być podstawowym fundamentem dla Europy. Inną interesującą kwestią może być zidentyfikowana różnica pomiędzy różnymi wymiarami świata wartości kobiet i mężczyzn. Zarówno w Polsce, jak i na Węgrzech, to studentki są bardziej światopoglądowo liberalne – natomiast studenci konserwatywni i odwołujący się częściej do tradycji.
Kondycja finansowa Polaków i zadowolenie z życia po pandemii
Authors: Zbyrad Teresa Jadwiga
Published: July 2024

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie jakości życia Polaków i ich kondycji finansowej oraz stopnia zadowolenia z życia po pandemii. Treść artykułu koncentruje się wokół zagadnień związanych z jakością życia, na które składają się budżety domowe, wydatki, zadowolenie z życia, samopoczucie, ale też lęki i obawy. Ważnym staje się pytanie, jaki jest stopień zadowolenia z życia pomimo nadszarpniętych domowych budżetów? Na co Polaków stać, a na co nie stać? Co nas cieszy, a co napawa lękiem? Źródłem danych są badania przeprowadzone w latach 2022–2023 w ramach ogólnopolskiej diagnozy społecznej pt. „Diagnoza życia, postaw, planów i aspiracji społeczeństwa polskiego” oraz badania CBOS. Uzyskane wyniki badań dowodzą, że kondycja finansowa Polaków nie jest imponująca i większość nie osiąga wysokich dochodów, a mimo to radzą sobie z bieżącymi wydatkami. Ponadto zadowolenie z życia nie spada, a jego źródłem są wartości pozamaterialne jak rodzina, małżeństwo i relacje międzyludzkie.
Słowa klucze: jakość życia, dochody, kondycja finansowa, wydatki, zadowolenie z życia
Polymetamorphism in the Geological Development of the South Altai Metamorphic Belt, Central Asian Folded Belt
Authors: Kozakov I. K. , Anosova M. O. , Kirnozova T. I. , Plotkina Yu. V. , Tolmacheva E. V. , Erdenezhargal Ch.
Published: July 2024

The crystal complexes of the Hercynian South Altai Metamorphic Belt (SAMP), which is a part of the Central Asian Folded Belt, with a length of more than 1500 km, compose tectonic plates of different scales, in which the level of metamorphism in the early stages reached the conditions of high-temperature subfacies of amphibolite and, in places, granulite facies. In tectonic terms, the band of their exits is confined to the outskirts of the North Asian Caledonian continent, stretching from southeast to northwest along the southern slope of the Gobi, Mongolian and Chinese Altai to Eastern Kazakhstan, where they are represented in the Irtysh shear zone. Poly- and monometamorphic complexes have been established as a part of the SAMP. The age of granitoids of the late episode of metamorphism was determined for the Tsel tectonic plate of the Gobi Altai in the southeastern part of the SAMP: from 374 ± 2 to 360 ± 5 million years. These and previously obtained results show that the early episode of low-pressure metamorphism and the late episode of high-pressure metamorphism occurred in the intervals of ~390–385 and 375–360 MA, respectively, almost throughout this belt. In the interval between them, a short-term stabilization stage is fixed. These processes occurred during the closure of the basin with the oceanic crust of the Tethys series of the South Mongolian Ocean (Paleothesis I). The spatial position of the SAMP is due to the asymmetry of the structure of the basin, in which the active continental margin is represented along its northern part, and the passive one along the southern (in modern coordinates).
Optimizing nutritional value and biological profile of non-conventional forages for animal feeding by utilizing sodium hydroxide
Authors: Ibrahim Abdulrahman , Maduro-Dias Cristiana , Halshoy Hawar , Borba Alfredo , Nunes Helder
Published: July 2024

Increasing quality and decreasing quantity represent global trends in the forage processing for animal feed. Consequently, various techniques are applied to achieve these objectives. This study aims to evaluate the internal quality and biological attributes of leaves in animal reproduction by applying sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations (control, 2, 4, 6, and 8%) and utilizing leaves from four non-conventional plants, namely Hedychium gardnerianum (HG), Pittosporum undulatum (PU), Arundo donax (AD), and Acacia melanoxylon (AM), while also examining their interactions simultaneously. NaOH doses did not affect the organic matter digestibility. A 2% NaOH concentration positively affected both acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre. Notably, 6% NaOH significantly impacted dry matter, while ash content and dry matter digestibility peaked under treatment with 8% NaOH. The Arundo donax variety recorded the best values in ash and organic matter digestibility, while the leaves of Acacia melanoxylon significantly (P ≤ 0.05) influenced dry matter, acid detergent fibre, acid detergent lignin, and crude protein. The co-application of 2% NaOH with plant varieties demonstrated the most significant effectiveness on the observed characteristics, followed by 4% NaOH showing a subsequent impact. The findings of this study propose that utilizing NaOH concentrations with these plants represents a promising approach for including these forages in animal feeds.
Do Friends Help Us in The Learning Process?; STAD Method Implementation to Boost Students’ Understanding of English Text
Authors: Muchammad Sofyan Firmansyah  , Syaefani Arif Romadhon  , Nawangsih Edynna Putri
Published: July 2024

This research aimed to determine the effect of the application of the Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (STAD) learning method on students' reading skills. The research design used was a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 40 vocational high school students. Data were collected through pretest, posttest, and group tests. Data analysis used paired t-test and one-way ANOVA. The results of the analysis showed that students' reading scores significantly increased after the application of the STAD method. The mean score of the pretest was 70.2, increasing to 82.4 in the posttest, and 85.1 in the group test. A paired t-test revealed significant differences between the pretest and posttest (p<0.01), while an ANOVA test also showed significant differences among the three measurements (p<0.01). The increase in scores from the pretest to the posttest by 12.2 points, as well as the higher group test score than the posttest, indicated the effectiveness of the STAD method in improving students' reading ability and good knowledge retention.
The Implementation of Cooperative Learning in Teaching Reading Comprehension to Introvert and Extrovert Students
Authors: Annas Alkhowarizmi  , Setiawan Fiki , Herlina Nina
Published: July 2024

Traditional teacher-centered approaches are being replaced by collaborative learning methods like cooperative learning. This research explores the benefits of cooperative learning for both introverted and extroverted students. A pre-experimental, one-group pretest-posttest design was employed. The participants were first-semester students at a health science institute (n=18). Purposive sampling was used to select a group of students. The researcher administered a personality assessment to classify students as introverts or extroverts. The findings showed that cooperative learning improved reading comprehension for both extroverted and introverted students. Extroverts benefited from the interactive and collaborative aspects of cooperative learning. Introverts, on the other hand, thrived in an environment that allowed for thoughtful participation and reflection. The results also suggest that personality traits moderate the effects of cooperative learning on reading comprehension. This study highlights the effectiveness of cooperative learning in enhancing reading comprehension for students with diverse personalities. It emphasizes the need for educators to consider individual characteristics when designing instructional strategies. By incorporating cooperative learning and acknowledging the influence of personality traits, educators can create more personalized and effective teaching practices that cater to the diverse needs of students in language classrooms.
A Comparative Study Of the Students’ Competence in Finding Figurative And Lexical Meaning To Improve Speaking Ability at the Eleventh Grade of SMAN 1 Maja
Authors: Kustini Titin
Published: July 2024

Students often have difficulty understanding figurative meanings compared to lexical meanings. Figurative meaning refers to the immediate meaning conveyed when a language is spoken in isolation, while the secondary meaning is dependent on the context; this is known as figurative meaning. On the other hand, lexical meaning refers to the literal meaning of language elements as symbols of things. The research aims to assess students’ proficiency in identifying figurative and lexical meanings and to compare this between the experiment and control classes. The study involved 46 students from the eleventh year at SMAN 1 Maja. It was a quantitative research study, indicating that the data collected were presented in numerical form and then interpreted using statistical analysis. The research tools included a questionnaire, observation, pre-test, and post-test. The results of the research showed that students' competence in identifying figurative and lexical meanings was low during the pre-test (5.23) and reached a sufficient level during the post-test (6.07). The post-test scores for figurative and lexical meanings were 6.57 and 6.92, respectively. The difference between pre-test and post-test scores was analyzed using t-tests, which yielded significant results for both the control class (t=4.84) and the experiment class (t=3.94) for figurative meaning, and for lexical meaning in the control class (t=2.712) and the experiment class (t=3.98). These results demonstrate that students' competence in identifying figurative and lexical meanings can improve their English proficiency, particularly in enhancing their speaking ability.
Kesulitan belajar matematika pada mahasiswa pgsd
Authors: Evi Lidia , Febrianti Lusia Mimi , Imron Ilmawati Fahmi
Published: July 2024

Difficulty in learning mathematics is a condition where there is a deviation between the actual abilities possessed and the achievements shown which are manifested in three basic academic areas such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. The purpose of this study was to determine students' difficulties in learning mathematics and the factors that cause difficulties for students in learning mathematics. This type of research is research using a qualitative approach, which is a process of research and understanding based on a methodology that investigates the difficulty in learning mathematics. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. The subjects of this study were ten students of PGSD UNP Kediri. Based on the results of the study, the learning difficulties factor for students consisted of 5 factors, namely factors of low basic mathematical ability, the factor of not paying attention to the explanation of the material properly, the factor of drowsiness, the factor of not like learning Mathematics, the factor of playing HP when learning takes place and time factor.
Kesulitan belajar matematika adalah suatu kondisi terjadinya penyimpangan antara kemampuan sebenarnya dimiliki dengan prestasi yang ditunjukkan yang termaniferstasi pada tiga bidang akademik dasar seperti membaca, menulis, dan berhitung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesulitan siswa dalam belajar matematika dan faktor-faktor yang menimbulkan kesulitan bagi siswa dalam mempelajari matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yang merupakan suatu proses penelitian dan pemahaman yang berdasarkan pada metodologi yang menyelidiki suatu kesulitan dalam pembelajaran matematika.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner.  Subjek penelitian ini adalah 15 mahasiswa PGSD UNP Kediri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian faktor kesulitan belajar mahasiswa terdiri dari 6 faktor yaitu: Faktor kemampuan dasar matematika rendah, Faktor tidak memperhatikan penjelasan materi dengan baik, Faktor mengantuk, Faktor tidak menyukai pembelajaran Matematika, Faktor bermain HP saat pembelajaran berlangsung, dan Faktor waktu/jam.
ω-Groundedness of argumentation and completeness of grounded dialectical proof procedures
Authors: Dung Phan Minh , Thang Phan Minh , Pooksook Jiraporn
Published: July 2024

Dialectical proof procedures in assumption-based argumentation are in general sound but not complete with respect to both the credulous and skeptical semantics (due to non-terminating loops). This raises the question of whether we could describe exactly what such procedures compute. In a previous paper, we introduce infinite arguments to represent possibly non-terminating computations and present dialectical proof procedures that are both sound and complete with respect to the credulous semantics of assumption-based argumentation with infinite arguments. In this paper, we study whether and under what conditions dialectical proof procedures are both sound and complete with respect to the grounded semantics of assumption-based argumentation with infinite arguments. We introduce the class of ω-grounded and finitary-defensible argumentation frameworks and show that finitary assumption-based argumentation is ω-grounded and finitary-defensible. We then present dialectical procedures that are sound and complete wrt finitary assumption-based argumentation.
Nipple-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction by prepectoral implant for the management of giant phyllodes tumors: A case series
Authors: Abdelwahab Khaled M. , Elsaeed Sara , Hamdy Omar , Saleh Mahmoud M. , Hosam Amr
Published: July 2024

Phyllodes tumor is an uncommon breast neoplasm that is present in variable sizes. Giant phyllodes are those larger than 10 cm in diameter. Clinically, giant phyllodes tumors present as a visible, rapidly growing mass distorting the breast contour. Such tumors with large size and rapid growth rate suggest a phyllode diagnosis of fibroadenoma. Planning a standard treatment strategy for these tumors is quite challenging. While adequate surgical excision with tumor-free resection margins is the standard of care for most giant phyllodes cases, borderline and malignant giant phyllodes tumors might require wider resections given their high recurrence rates. Some authors described total mastectomy as the treatment option for giant borderline and malignant phyllodes to obtain wide, clear margins. Between March 2022 and September 2023, our surgical oncology department presented and operated on three cases of giant phyllodes. They underwent a nipple-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction using pre-pectoral silicone implants. We think that with such a procedure, we can benefit from the wide, safe margins of mastectomy that have been proven to decrease local recurrence rates while considering the aesthetic outcome.
A medical assistant decision-making method based on interval belief rule base with explainability
Authors: Kong Lingkai , Zhao Boying , Li Hongyu , He Wei , Cao You , Zhou Guohui
Published: July 2024

Medical assisted decision-making plays a key role in providing accurate and reliable medical advice. But in medical decision-making, various uncertainties are often accompanied. The belief rule base (BRB) has a strong nonlinear modeling capability and can handle uncertainties well. However, BRB suffers from combinatorial explosion and tends to influence explainability during the optimization process. Therefore, an interval belief rule base with explainability (IBRB-e) is explored in this paper. Firstly, pre-processing using extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) is performed to filter out features with lower importance. Secondly, based on the filtered features, explainability criterion is defined. Thirdly, evidence reasoning (ER) rule is chosen as an inference tool, while projection covariance matrix adaptive evolutionary strategy (P-CMA-ES) algorithm with explainability constraints is chosen as an optimization algorithm. Lastly, the validation of the model is performed through a breast cancer case. The experimental results show that IBRB-e has good explainability while maintaining high accuracy.
Configuration based on Industry 4.0 technologies as a step towards an affordable smart warehouse
Authors: Ruiz José E. , Martínez Irma , Juárez Carlos
Published: July 2024

The rise of Industry 4.0, marked by its focus on digitalization and intelligent technologies, is redefining traditional warehouse operations within smart cities. This new era leverages tools like Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) to create automated solutions that address the complex challenges faced by modern urban centers. While smart cities grapple with interconnected issues, traditional methods often fall short. Data-driven, technology-powered solutions offer a more efficient approach. In the field of logistics, innovative warehouse solutions are emerging to address the growing complexities of the supply chain. One major challenge faced by many small businesses is inaccurate inventory knowledge, leading to inefficient warehouse management. This research proposes a cost-effective solution that utilizes Industry 4.0 technologies, specifically AI and IoT, to optimize inventory control and reorder point forecasting. This approach aims to democratize warehouse efficiency in smart cities by making it accessible to businesses of all sizes. This paves the way for a “smarter” future, upgrading warehouses with intelligent yet affordable solutions.
Integrating network pharmacology and Mendelian randomization to explore potential targets of matrine against ovarian cancer
Authors: Chen Xiaoqun , Song Yingliang
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Matrine has been reported inhibitory effects on ovarian cancer (OC) cell progression, development, and apoptosis. However, the molecular targets of matrine against OC and the underlying mechanisms of action remain elusive. OBJECTIVE: This study endeavors to unveil the potential targets of matrine against OC and to explore the intricate relationships between these targets and the pathogenesis of OC. METHODS: The effects of matrine on the OC cells (A2780 and AKOV3) viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion was investigated through CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and Transwell analyses, respectively. Next, Matrine-related targets, OC-related genes, and ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequence data were harnessed from publicly available databases. Differentially expressed analyses, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and Venn diagram were involved to unravel the core targets of matrine against OC. Leveraging the GEPIA database, we further validated the expression levels of these core targets between OC cases and controls. Mendelian randomization (MR) study was implemented to delve into potential causal associations between core targets and OC. The AutoDock software was used for molecular docking, and its results were further validated using RT-qPCR in OC cell lines. RESULTS: Matrine reduced the cell viability, migration, invasion and increased the cell apoptosis of A2780 and AKOV3 cells (P< 0.01). A PPI network with 578 interactions among 105 candidate targets was developed. Finally, six core targets (TP53, CCND1, STAT3, LI1B, VEGFA, and CCL2) were derived, among which five core targets (TP53, CCND1, LI1B, VEGFA, and CCL2) differential expressed in OC and control samples were further picked for MR analysis. The results revealed that CCND1 and TP53 were risk factors for OC. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that matrine had good potential to bind to TP53, CCND1, and IL1B. Moreover, matrine reduced the expression of CCND1 and IL1B while elevating P53 expression in OC cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: We identified six matrine-related targets against OC, offering novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of matrine against OC. These findings provide valuable guidance for developing more efficient and targeted therapeutic approaches for treating OC.
Experimental study using phantom models of cerebral aneurysms and 4D-DSA to measure blood flow on 3D-color-coded images
Authors: Fujimura Soichiro , Yamanaka Yuma , Kan Issei , Nagao Masahiro , Otani Katharina , Karagiozov Kostadin , Fukudome Koji , Ishibashi Toshihiro , Takao Hiroyuki , Motosuke Masahiro , Yamamoto Makoto , Murayama Yuichi
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: The current 3D-iFlow application can only measure the arrival time of contrast media through intensity values. If the flow rate could be estimated by 3D-iFlow, patient-specific hemodynamics could be determined within the scope of normal diagnostic management, eliminating the need for additional resources for blood flow rate estimation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to develop and validate a method for measuring the flow rate by data obtained from 3D-iFlow images – a prototype application in Four-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (4D-DSA). METHODS: Using phantom model and experimental circuit with circulating glycerin solution, an equation for the relationship between contrast media intensity and flow rate was developed. Applying the equation to the aneurysm phantom models, the derived flow rate was evaluated. RESULTS: The average errors between the derived flow rate and setting flow rate became larger when the glycerin flow and the X-rays from the X-ray tube of the angiography system were parallel to each other or when the measurement point included overlaps with other contrast enhanced areas. CONCLUSION: Although the error increases dependent on the imaging direction and overlap of contrast enhanced area, the developed equation can estimate the flow rate using the image intensity value measured on 3D-iFlow based on 4D-DSA.
Forecasting deep learning-based risk assessment of vector-borne diseases using hybrid methodology
Authors: Nanda Ashok Kumar , Thilagavathy R. , Gayatri Devi G.S.K. , Chaturvedi Abhay , Jalda Chaitra Sai , Inthiyaz Syed
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Dengue fever is rapidly becoming Malaysia’s most pressing health concern, as the reported cases have nearly doubled over the past decade. Without efficacious antiviral medications, vector control remains the primary strategy for battling dengue, while the recently introduced tetravalent immunization is being evaluated. The most significant and dangerous risk increasing recently is vector-borne illnesses. These illnesses induce significant human sickness and are transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods such as fleas, parasites, and mosquitos. A thorough grasp of various factors is necessary to improve prediction accuracy and typically generate inaccurate and unstable predictions, as well as machine learning (ML) models, weather-driven mechanisms, and numerical time series. OBJECTIVE: In this research, we propose a novel method for forecasting vector-borne disease risk using Radial Basis Function Networks (RBFNs) and the Darts Game Optimizer (DGO) algorithm. METHODS: The proposed approach entails training the RBFNs with historical disease data and enhancing their parameters with the DGO algorithm. To prepare the RBFNs, we used a massive dataset of vector-borne disease incidences, climate variables, and geographical data. The DGO algorithm proficiently searches the RBFN parameter space, fine-tuning the model’s architecture to increase forecast accuracy. RESULTS: RBFN-DGO provides a potential method for predicting vector-borne disease risk. This study advances predictive demonstrating in public health by shedding light on effectively controlling vector-borne diseases to protect human populations. We conducted extensive testing to evaluate the performance of the proposed method to standard optimization methods and alternative forecasting methods. CONCLUSION: According to the findings, the RBFN-DGO model beats others in terms of accuracy and robustness in predicting the likelihood of vector-borne illness occurrences.
Effect of Bromide on Livestock Development: a Review
Authors: Lucht Heike , Casey Norman
Published: July 2024

Thyroid hormones are critical for the growth, development and maintenance of the body. The review aims to consider the sources of bromide, elucidate the potential effects that bromide could have on the functioning of thyroid hormone and to present the risks of exposure and ingestion of bromide to livestock production.
Crown rust of oats: the role of variety, weather and the level of mineral nutrition in the conditions of Western Siberia
Authors: Eremin Dmitriy , Eremina Diana
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to assess the factors influencing the incidence of crown rust in oats. Materials and methods. The work was carried out in 2020–2021 at an experimental field located in the northern forest-steppe of the Trans-Urals. The object of the study were three cultivars of Tyumen breeding: Talisman, Otrada and Foma, which were sown on different agricultural grounds, ensuring the formation of yields from 3.0 to 6.0 t/ha of grain. The length of oat vegetation was determined at different levels of mineral nutrition; the degree of disease development and its prevalence in crops. Weather conditions in the years of research differed from the average long–term data: 2020 was hot and moderately dry; 2021 was abnormally hot and arid; 2022 was moderately hot and humid. Results. It has been experimentally proved that the application of fertilizers in doses N150P60 and N200P80 increases the vegetation of oats by 18–21 days due to the prolongation of the second half of the growing season. This leads to an increase in the incidence and prevalence of crown rust. The Foma variety turned out to be the most stable, in which the considered indicators were almost two times lower relative to the Talisman and Otrada cultivars. It was found that the degree of disease development depends on the variety by 27 %; by 21 % on the dose of mineral fertilizers and by 35 % on the weather conditions of the growing season. The prevalence of crown rust in oat crops mainly depends on the variety and mineral fertilizers – the degree of influence of these factors is 43 and 35 %, respectively. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the role of each factor on the susceptibility of modern varieties of oats to crown rust was studied and determined. A correlation has been established between the level of mineral nutrition and the degree of development of the disease. Recommendations. To reduce the risk of crown rust damage to oat crops in the conditions of the Northern Urals, it is recommended to use the Foma variety with the introduction of mineral fertilizers for a planned yield of no more than 5.0 t/ha of grain (N150P60).
The effect of heat stress on the fertilization of sows and litter size
Authors: Gorb Natal'ya Nikolaevna , Gudkov Sergey Nikolaevich , Sorokoletova Valentina Mihaylovna
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The study of the effect of heat stress on the reproductive parameters of pigs is an urgent problem all over the world. Knowing the degree of influence of heat stress on pigs of different breeds will allow you to choose economically sound solutions to this problem in specific conditions. The propose is to study the effect of heat stress on some indicators of reproduction of sows of different breeds (large white, landrace, duroc, MAXGRO). Methods. The study was conducted on a large pig breeding complex. The material for the analysis was data on changes in air temperature in the breeding farm in the period from June to August (13 weeks) and data on the fertilization and duration of pregnancy of sows fertilized during this period and the size of the offspring obtained from them. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a comparative analysis of the effect of heat stress on fertilization, duration of pregnancy and the size of the offspring of sows of four breeds – large white, landrace, duroc, MAXGRO – was carried out on a wide population of pigs. Different sensitivity of sows to heat stress was revealed. Results. From the 4th to the 6th week of the experiment, the sows were in a state of increasing heat stress – the average daily temperature during this period increased to 27.68 ± 1.36 °C. The negative effect of hyperthermia on fertilization was recorded with a delay of 1–3 weeks, depending on the breed. The most sensitive to heat stress were sows of the duroc breed – fertilization decreased by 25.00 % compared to the pre-stress period, the least – sows of the large white breed – fertilization decreased by 9.82 %. The duration of pregnancy was not affected by heat stress. As well as fertilization, heat stress had a negative effect on the size of the litter. The most sensitive were sows of duroc and MAXGRO breeds – the litter size decreased by 3.77 and 3.61 heads compared to the pre-stress period, the least – sows of the large white breed, the size of the litter decreased by 0.38 heads. duroc sows are the most sensitive to heat stress, then, according to sensitivity reduction, MAXGRO, landrace and large white.
Morphofunctional changes in the gastric mucosa of fattening pigs with helicobacteriosis
Authors: Nurgaliev Farit Mullagalievich , Kirillov Evgeniy Gennad'evich , Girfanov Aydar Il'darovich , Pozdeev Oskar Kimovich
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The purpose is to study the features of morphofunctional changes in the gastric mucosa of fattening pigs in gastric ulcer disease and to establish a possible correlation between pathological changes and colonization of the gastric mucosa of H. suis. Methods. The study is based on pathoanatomic, microscopic, molecular genetic and histological research methods. Results. In 86 % of cases, significant pathomorphological changes in the gastric mucosa of pigs were detected during a pathoanatomical autopsy. Spiral-shaped microorganisms in smears were found in 28 %, H. suis DNA on the gastric mucosa – in 76 %. In the examined samples in which H. DNA was found. suis in the gastric mucosa, 76.3 % revealed various pathologies in the esophagus, 92% revealed various pathologies on the gastric mucosa. In 24 %, when H. suis DNA was not detected, 33.3 % showed no visible damage and 66.7 % revealed various pathologies. The results of the correlation between morphological changes in the gastric mucosa and its infection with helicobacter reached the limits of statistical reliability. Histological methods revealed that active chronic gastritis was detected in 48.0 %, inactive chronic gastritis was detected in 34.0 % and the norm (almost the norm) was found in 8.0 %. Chronic gastritis during exacerbation was reliably diagnosed in 55.2 % of cases when H. suis DNA was detected on the gastric mucosa. Chronic gastritis during remission was diagnosed in 34.2 % of cases when H. suis DNA was detected on the gastric mucosa. The results presented in the work reflect the undoubted connection between the presence of H. suis and the development of gastritis in pigs.
Pendidikan Karakter Nabawi sebagai Strategi Problem Solving Pendidikan di Kota Malang
Authors: Rosidin Rosidin , Sulthon Moh.
Published: July 2024

This article classifies three types of educational problems in Malang, namely demoralization of children; online learning problems; and children caught up by drugs. As a problem solving strategy, this article offers a nabawi character education adapted from the work of Sa'id Isma'il ‘Ali entitled al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah: Ru’yah Al-Tarbawiyyah, then contextualized in three character educational patterns. First, moral knowledge (moral knowing) through a learning model classified as teacher-centered such as the story method (qissah) and metaphor (amthal); and the learning model classified as student-centered such as discussion (hiwar) and healthy reasoning ('aql salim). Second is moral deeds (moral doing) through the method of bayan 'amali (demonstration and simulation), mumarasah (exercises) and wasa'il ta'lim (facilities and infrastructure). Third is moral feeling through the qudwah or uswah method (exemplary) and muhasabah or muraqabah (self-introspection). As a practical offer, this article describes a number of alternative implementation of each method in these three character educational patterns, as a problem solving strategy for three educational problems in Malang.Artikel ini memetakan tiga jenis problematika pendidikan di Kota Malang, yaitu demoralisasi anak; problematika pembelajaran daring; dan anak terjerat narkoba. Sebagai strategi problem solving, artikel ini menawarkan pendidikan karakter nabawi yang diadaptasi dari karya Sa’id Isma’il ‘Ali yang berjudul al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah: Ru’yah al-Tarbawiyyah, lalu dikontekstualisasikan dalam tiga pola pendidikan karakter. Pertama, pengetahuan moral (moral knowing) melalui model pembelajaran yang tergolong teacher-centris, seperti metode kisah (qishshah) dan metafora (amtsal); serta model pembelajaran yang tergolong student centris, seperti diskusi (hiwar) dan penalaran sehat (‘aql salim). Kedua, perbuatan moral (moral doing) melalui metode bayan ‘amali (demonstrasi dan simulasi), mumarasah (latihan-pembiasan) dan wasa’il ta’lim (sarana dan prasarana). Ketiga, sikap moral (moral feeling) melalui metode qudwah atau uswah (keteladanan) dan muhasabah atau muraqabah (introspeksi diri). Sebagai tawaran yang bersifat praktis, artikel ini memaparkan sejumlah alternatif implementasi setiap metode pada tiga pola pendidikan karakter tersebut, sebagai strategi problem solving terhadap tiga problematika pendidikan di Kota Malang.
ANALISIS HADIST METODE-METODE DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DAN PENDIDIKAN RASULULLAH SAW
Authors: Jannah Roihatul
Published: July 2024

Tujuan hadis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dan kandungan hadis metodologi pembelajaran dan pendidikan Rasulullah SAW dengan penelitian kepustakaan. Data kualitas hadis dan perawi dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dokumentasi, digunakan metode pengumpulan data dokumentasi melalui buku dan jurnal periwayat hadis.Secara parsial maka diperoleh analisis bahwa: 1) Semua periwayat yang ada dalam sanad hadits yang ada, memenuhi syarat sepenuhnya tsiqah. 2) Semua periwayat masing-masing bertemu dengan periwayat yang berstatus sebagai gurunya, kaitan sanadnya muttasil. 3) Matan hadis tersebut tidak shadh, karena tidak bertentangan dengan dalil naqli, baik al-Qur’an maupun hadis yang berkualitas sanadnya lebih tinggi. 4) Matan hadits tersebut juga tidak terkena illat, karena tidak bertentangan dengan dalil aqli, baik dengan akal yang sehat, indera maupun ilmu pengetahuan. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa hadits Riwayat Ibnu Mas’ud yang di takhrij oleh al-Bukhari tersebut, burkualitas sahih. Secara analisis kandungan hadis metodologi pembelajaran dan pendidikan Rasulullah SAW membahas mengenai beberapa pembahasan yaitu untuk memaksimalkan suatu amal sholih dibutuhkan konsistensi dalam berproses, adakalanya ada kebosanan dalam melakukan amal tersebutn, maka dari itu dibutuhkan metode pembelajaran seperti Rasulullah yaitu memilih waktu yang tepat untuk belajar sesuai dengan kemampuan dan sanggupan murid-murid.Kata kunci: Hadis, Sahih, Al-Bukhari, Metode-Metode, Pembelajaran.
Empirical Findings on the Relationship of Energy Consumption, Gross Domestic Product Per Capita and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions
Authors: Agasalim Alasgarova Aygun
Published: July 2024

The energy industry drives all economic sectors and improves people's well-being. Energy supply reliability underpins national security, economic growth, and global stability. Energy use, especially electricity, affects GDP per capita. Power-to-weight ratio is energy consumption per person. The main purpose of the study, as used in the literature, is to investigate the relationship between carbon dioxide (CO2) emission and energy consumption, per capita gross domestic product for Azerbaijan using the Toda-Yamamoto causality test using annual data for the period 1991-2021. According to the results of the research, while there is no relationship between energy consumption and GDP, an increase in per capita income reduces CO2 emissions; it was also found that there is a unidirectional causality running from CO2 emissions to an increase in per capita income. An increase in energy consumption per capita leads to a decrease in CO2. However, there is bidirectional causality running both from energy consumption per capita to CO2 and from CO2 to per capita income. As a result, a 1% increase in energy consumption per capita causes a 0.946% increase in CO2. It has been determined that a 1% increase in gross domestic product per capita does not cause a 0.086% decrease in CO2.
Investigating the Nature of Growth-Environment Relationship for India
Authors: Haque Mohammad Imdadul , Asif Mohammad , Tausif Mohammad Rumzi , Khan Mohd Naved
Published: July 2024

Environmental concerns need to be addressed to make economic growth sustainable. Theories in the literature attempt to establish the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation. These theories are not deterministic, as concepts like the inverted U-shaped or N-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) have yielded different results for different economies. This study attempts to validate the shape of the EKC and simultaneously test for an asymmetric relationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions. To achieve this, the study uses the simple and non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method on data from 1965 to 2021. The study finds evidence of an inverted U-shaped EKC but finds no evidence of an N-shaped EKC for India. Additionally, the study reports an asymmetric relationship between economic growth, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions. Based on these findings, the study provides suitable policy recommendations.
The 50-year-old Oil Crisis and its Impact on the Global Economy: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Mim Tahmina Akther , Kathiravan Chinnadurai , Maniam Balasundram
Published: July 2024

The world faced different crises, several times, in the last five decades. The COVID-19 pandemic, debt crisis and oil bubble were the most important crises among them. During the crisis, the main financial driving factor was the oil price which transmitted an alarming hit to other economic nexus factors. The objective of this paper was to find out the crisis period, caused by crude oil and its eventuality in different markets’ historical plots. Scopus data represent 605 studies, using the bibliometrix R tool, about crude oil and related crises. Within the context of the contemporary scientific literature, the most significant authors, publications, and research institutions were included in this paper. In the context of the most recent scientific literature, the most significant authors, publications, and research institutions were identified and the relevance of their contributions was established. This research employed disaggregated sectoral analysis and mechanistic analysis on grounded theory, which included moderation analysis. Finally, this bibliometric analysis tried to locate roadblocks in the current literature as well as indicate new directions for investigation.
The Strategic Importance of Cyber Security in Electric Energy Policies
Authors: Kazancı Baybarshan Ali
Published: July 2024

The electricity sector faces significant risks from devastating cyber events that can exacerbate global and regional instabilities, amplifying economic and security vulnerabilities worldwide. These attacks directly impact countries’ electrical infrastructure, security policies, and everyday economic transactions. To comprehensively address these challenges, this study aims to conduct a thorough investigation into the politic implications of cyber threats within the realm of electrical energy, spanning both household use and production. The study concludes that the resilience of the electricity ecosystem remains low, indicating vulnerabilities. Furthermore, there’s an inadequacy in the availability of cyber personnel within the markets. Additionally, an established international cybersecurity culture is lacking, highlighting a need for collective efforts to strengthen global cybersecurity measures in the electricity sector. Therefore, countries have to identify weaknesses in electricity networks and develop strategies to safeguard their infrastructure, serving as a foundational basis for the formulation of national and international strategic policies.