bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of different management on quality and value production of pure beech stands in Slovakia
Authors: Štefančík Igor , Bošeľa Michal , Petráš Rudolf
Published: February 2018

Value production is one of the most important information for comparing different management strategies in forestry. Although the value production of forest stands is affected by various factors (stem and assortment quality, stem dimension, stem injury, price of assortments), thinning can be considered as one of the most important one. This paper aims at the evaluation of qualitative and value production in homogeneous beech stands, which were managed by two different thinning types for period of 45 to 55 years: (i) – heavy thinning from below (C grade according to the German forest research institutes released in 1902) and (ii) – Štefančík´s free-crown thinning. The third variant was control (iii) – subplot with no interventions. Silvicultural quality characteristics of the lower half of the stem were assessed using a 4-class scale (A – the best quality, D – the worst quality). Assortment structure (commercial quality) was estimated for each stem by an assortment model developed in the past. Nearly 3,000 individual trees aged from 83 to 105 years from 23 subplots established across the Slovakia territory were assessed. The highest volume of the best silvicultural quality of stems (A class) has been reached in forests where Štefančík´s free-crown thinning was applied (57 – 85%) while the lowest (22 – 56%) on subplots with no management. The proportion of two best commercial quality assortments (I + II) was highest in forests managed by heavy thinning from below (21 – 29%) and the lowest when no treatment was applied (7 – 19%). The highest value production (expressed in € ha−1) was reached in the forests treated by free-crown thinning. Results suggested the overall positive impact of thinning on the increase of value production in beech forests. Particularly, the free-crown thinning focusing on selection of best quality trees should be preferred as it leads, besides its sufficient value production, to a higher vertical differentiation of the beech forests.
Land use changes and development of the non-forest woody vegetation in the Danubian Lowland in Slovakia
Authors: Supuka Ján , Šinka Karol
Published: February 2018

The aim of this paper is to assess the changes in the landscape structure of the Žitný Ostrov territory and in the woody species of the non-forest woody vegetation (NFWV) over the past 120 years. Within the assessed periods of 1892, 1949, 1969 and 2015, the shares of arable land increased by 17% while the ratio of the built-up areas with gardens increased by 3.7%. At the same time, natural habitats, grassland, waterlogged meadows and wetlands decreased by 26%. These changes, concerning small mosaic plots as well as large cultural blocks, were caused by the intensification of agriculture after 1948. Ecological stability and biodiversity of these areas has decreased. Thereafter 60 windbreaks were planted from 1951–1952 in an area of 30 ha. In total, 37 woody species were planted, of which 22 were alien species. After 25 years (in 1976), 19 of the same windbreaks were surveyed, observing 16 native and 12 alien woody species. During these periods, many rare alien and coniferous species died. In 2015, 13 windbreaks with 39 woody species were identified, both in the tree and the shrubby layer. The downside is that four of the long-time surviving species are invasive trees.
Communities of woody vegetation and wood destroying fungi in natural and semi-natural forests of kyiv city, Ukraine
Authors: Blinkova Olena , Ivanenko Oleksandra
Published: February 2018

Selected forestry parameters were investigated in the system of trees and wood-destroying fungi in the natural forests of the Kyiv city on a gradient of recreational transformation. We investigated the vitality, age compositions, and health condition of woody plants (11 species), and species, systematic, trophic and spatial compositions of xylotrophic fungi (51 species, 224 findings of xylotrophs representing 34 genera, 20 families, 7 orders of divisions Basidiomycota; class Agaricomycetes). The results showed that communities of woody vegetation and xylotrophic fungi in forests depend on the degree of recreational transformation of the environment. Vitality, age compositions and health condition of trees altered species composition of xylotrophs.
Impact of applied silvicultural systems on spatial pattern of hornbeam-oak forests
Authors: Vacek Zdeněk , Vacek Stanislav , Bílek Lukáš , Král Jan , Ulbrichová Iva , Simon Jaroslav , Bulušek Daniel
Published: February 2018

The spatial pattern of forest closely affects tree competition that drives the most of processes in forest ecosystems. Therefore, we focused on evaluation of the horizontal structure of high forest, coppice with standards and low forest in hornbeam-oak forests in the Protected Landscape Area Český kras (Czech Republic). The horizontal structure of tree layer individuals with crown projection centroids and natural regeneration was analysed for durmast oak (Quercus petraea(Matt.) Liebl.), European hornbeam (Carpinus betulusL.) and small-leaved linden (Tilia cordataMill.) stands. Horizontal structure of the tree stems of the studied tree species in high forest was random, in oak it was moderately regular. In coppice with standards it was random in oak, in hornbeam and linden it was aggregated within 3 – 5 m and random up to a larger spacing. In low forest at a distance of 4 – 6 m the horizontal structure of the three studied tree species was aggregated while it was random at a larger spacing. The horizontal structure of natural regeneration was aggregated in all forest types. In coppice with standards and high forest, parent stand had significant negative effect on the natural regeneration at smaller distance (to 1.4 m from the stem). Crown centroids were more regularly distributed than tree stems, especially in low forest (2.0 m) and in linden (2.3 m). Our results contribute to existing knowledge about silvicultural systems and their impact on hornbeam-oak forests with implications for forest management and nature protection.
Några Funderingar Kring Översättning Av Svensk Poesi Till Polska Och Översättningskritik
Authors: Rosińska Paulina
Published: February 2018

Inspired by the fact that there are as many as five different Polish translations of Gunnar Ekelöf’s poem Absentia animi (Non serviam, 1945), this paper aims to present and discuss several criteria that may be helpful to identify, describe and evaluate conditions, tendencies and strategies concerning Polish translations of Swedish poetry. The most crucial of the presented criteria, that may be used in order to ascertain what kind of poetry has been translated from Swedish into Polish so far, is the translator’s attitude to literary canons. It is based on Jerzy Jarniewicz’s distinction between two possible attitudes, i. e. ‘ambassador’ and ‘legislator’, which stand for respectively transferring the established canon from the source-language literature, and creating a new one that can influence the target-language literature. The other criteria discussed refer to the following questions: the affiliation of the translated text with either the source-language literature or the target-language literature (1), the possibility of evaluation of poetry translation (2), and the concept of untranslatability (3). All of the mentioned criteria can help to analyze the specific strategies applied in the translation process. The paper is to be seen as an introduction to a larger ongoing research conducted by the author.
Migrationserfaringen I De Polsk-Danske Forfatteres Værker
Authors: Schab Sylwia Izabela
Published: February 2018

The aim of the article is to analyze works written by four Polish-Danish authors in terms of defining the poetics they use to communicate their migration experience. The migration experience is to be understood as a never-ending process of translating own identity to a new cultural context. The point of departure for the analysis are selected works of four Polish-Danish authors: Alicja Fenigsen, Janina Katz, Bronisław Świderski and Grzegorz Wróblewski. The author of the article discusses also the existence/non-existence of a specific Polish-Danish migration aesthetic by comparing the analyzed works.
Simion Bărnuţiu – Pioneer in the development of the law sciences and of the legal education in Romania
Authors: Iovan Marţian
Published: February 2018

The author analyses in this paper S. Bărnuţiu’s contribution to the establishment of the legal education and to the development of the sciences of the Law in the Romanian area during the mid-19th century. Adept of the natural law philosophy, ardent promotor of human and people’s rights, Bărnuţiu remains a personality of reference in the Romanians’ history not only for being the political leader and ideologist of the Transylvanian 1848 Revolution, but also for establishing the legal education at the University of Iasi by inspiring himself from the curriculum of the profile schools of law from the Western Europe. Having a unitary conception on the law and on the history of law, considering the law from a systemic perspective, Bărnuţiu contributed into the edification of a modern, constitutional, and democratic State in the united Romanian Principalities.
Certain considerations on the right to legal assistance in civil trials
Authors: Creţ Daniela Cristina
Published: February 2018

Ensuring access to justice for all litigants, whether individuals or legal persons, and the operation of the principle of equality for parties in a civil trial, involves, among other things, providing appropriate legal assistance, including by granting certain exemptions, reductions, or postponements in the payment of legal fees stipulated by law to those who do not have the financial resources to initiate and sustain a civil trial. Throughout the following we shall emphasise certain aspects of the right to legal assistance, as seen from the perspective of both domestic legislation, and certain European documents.
The unborn child: history, philosophy and religion
Authors: Lucan Maria Casandra
Published: February 2018

All throughout history the unborn, and implicitly its protection, have been subject for academics and practitioners of various areas. The problem of the origin of the soul and the exact determination of the moment when it is united with the body was crucial in enabling us to define the exact moment when the human life begins, and, consequently, for providing proper protection for the unborn child. In this context visions of the Greek philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Albertus Magnus and Thomas Aquinas, and of the Latin writer Tertullian, as well as Christian perspectives were analysed in order to identify the starting point of the human being to help determine the level of protection provided for the unborn in history. Finally, considering the fact that not even today has consensus been achieved concerning the beginning of human life, it was and still is difficult to provide proper legal protection for the unborn child, but in our opinion this is by far not impossible.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[triaqua-(isophthalato-κO)-(μ2-1,6-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)hexane-κ2
N:N′)]nickel(II), C20H28N4NiO7
Authors: Song Wei , Li Shi-Hui , Xu Xue-Li
Published: February 2018

C20H28N4NiO7, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.6404(5) Å, b = 21.0392(12) Å, c = 12.2580(6) Å, β = 96.839(5)°, V = 2212.5(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0476, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1092, T = 293(2) K.
Teaching Global Intimacies
Authors: Chiang Howard H.
Published: February 2018

Howard Chiang traces the evolution of a course on global sexuality, intimacy, and the body.
Actor and identity. Actor’s psychological sense of identity
Authors: Kociuba Jolanta
Published: February 2018

The article adopts an original approach to studying the phenomenon of the concept of “self” whose creator is the Canadian psychologist Rene L'Ecuyer. This is an idiographic method which generates data of both a quantitative and qualitative nature. The empirical studies presented in this article have been done in the milieu of professional actors and among students of theatrical schools. The results of the studies show differences in self concept in both groups. The differences between the group of students and the group of actors are of a qualitative nature and concern the number of utterances in the categories of structures, substructures and self-concept and the degree of importance of certain dimensions. In the group of actors, a difference in the hierarchy of importance of the dimension of self-concept is established. Two kinds of differences verify the hypothesis on the development of self-concept. The first is the phase of development, and the second – the level of development of self concept which the authoress suggests calling the level of the sense of identity.
Who is the contemporary artist? Social representation of the artist among visual art students
Authors: Pietras Karolina
Published: February 2018

The paper presents the application of semantic field analysis to the reconstruction of the social representation of the contemporary artist among visual arts students. 124 students from the Faculty of Art of the Pedagogical University of Cracow and the Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow answered an openended question: Who is the artist in our time? The narrative material was used to reconstruct the equivalents, opposites, attributes, associations, activities of the subject and activities on the subject which constitute the semantic field of the concept “contemporary artist”. The conclusions, practical implications and direction for future studies are presented.
Preoperative intensity-modulated chemoradiation therapy with simultaneous integrated boost in rectal cancer: 2-year follow-up results of phase II study
Authors: But-Hadzic Jasna , Velenik Vaneja
Published: February 2018

Background

The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of experimental fractionation using intensity modulated radiation therapy with a simultaneous integrated boost (IMRT-SIB) to shorten the overall treatment time without dose escalation in preoperative radiochemotherapy of locally advanced rectal cancer.

Patients and methods

Between January 2014 and November 2015, a total of 51 patients with operable stage II-III rectal adenocarcinoma were treated. The preoperative treatment with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and a pelvic dose of 41.8 Gy and simultaneously delivered 46.2 Gy to T2/3 and 48.4 Gy to T4 tumour in 22 fractions, with standard concomitant capecitabine, was completed in 50 patients out of whom 47 were operated. The median follow-up was 35 months.

Results

The rate of acute toxicity G ≥ 3 was 2.4%. The total downstaging rate was 89% and radical resection was achieved in 98% of patients. Pathologic complete response (pCR) was observed in 25.5% of patients, with 2-year local control (LC), disease free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) of 100% for this patient group. An intention-to-treat analysis revealed pN to be a significant prognostic factor for DFS and OS (P = 0.005 and 0.030, respectively). LC for the entire group was 100%, and 2-year DFS and OS were 90% (95 % CI 98.4–81.6) and 92.2% (95% CI 99.6–84.7), respectively.

Conclusions

The experimental regime in this study resulted in a high rate of pCR with a low acute toxicity profile. Excellent early results translated into encouraging 2-year LC, DFS, and OS.
English Word Stress in Polish Learners’ Speech Production and Metacompetence
Authors: Porzuczek Andrzej , Rojczyk Arkadiusz
Published: February 2018

This paper focuses on the relations between conscious and subconscious aspects of English word stress acquisition. Using two tasks – reading and written word stress identification, we test metacompetence and production accuracy in the pronunciation of Polish learners, first year and third year English studies majors. The analysis of the collected data and correlations between the students’ metalinguistic knowledge and production accuracy, including error patterns and proportions, leads to conclusions concerning the significance of language awareness, learning experience and, indirectly, explicit didactic instruction for English word stress realization. Our results indicate that Polish learners tend to stress the word-initial syllable rather than the penult, typical of their native language. We have also observed a generally large, though smaller in more proficient learners, discrepancy between metacompetence and performance.
The More Med-Mals, the Shorter the Litigation: Evidence from Florida
Authors: Yousefi Kowsar
Published: February 2018

Medical malpractices (med-mals) are among the most long-lasting litigations in the United States with an average duration of more than 4 years. Using the Florida database of med-mals, this study examines each physician in multiple sequential cases and documents a significantly negative correlation between the length of litigation and defendants’ numbers of past med-mals: a case closes nearly 1 year sooner if its defendant has previously experienced another claim. To explain this stylized fact, a dynamic model with the feature of “firmness of beliefs” is developed. The model assumes that the more prior litigations, the more realistic perception of the tort system and therefore a faster closure of the final dispute. I call this mechanism “learning-by-doing.” Alternative hypotheses include the following: (1) plaintiffs’ endogenous choice of filing against physicians with worse histories and (2) physicians’ reputation (career) concerns. I find no evidence in support of the first one, but the reputation concern cannot be rejected. The learning-by-doing mechanism is consistent in many robustness tests, including controlling for the reputation concerns. An earlier version of this paper was circulated under the title: Learning How to Handle Malpractice Litigation from Experience: Evidence from Florida
The Reincarnation of Animated Film
Authors: Šošková Eva
Published: February 2018

Throughout its entire history, Slovak animated film has had the form of figurative narrative art or craft. For this reason, the author of this study examines its post-1989 development through the prism of the body. Since the most visible change that has affected contemporary film aesthetics is the feminization of animated film in terms of authorship, the study primarily focuses on the ability of an animated body to represent gender and gender roles. It attempts to capture the most significant changes in the depiction of the body in authorial animated film before and after 1989, in more detail record the post-revolution changes in the body, and relate this to the changes in the institutional background of animated film. Animated bodies have developed from “ordinary people” from a dominant male point of view in socio-critical socialist production through female characters in interaction with clearly distinguished male characters in the films of female authors from the Academy of Performing Arts, the crisis of stereotypical masculinity in the production of male authors to independent women looking for their own identity inside themselves, without relating themselves to their male counterparts.
Three Films About Distrust. Distrust in the Systemic Elements of Society in Slovak Cinema in the Period of Consolidation
Authors: Dudková Jana
Published: February 2018

Using the example of three films – Kandidát (The Candidate, 2013, dir. Jonáš Karásek), Pirko (Little Feather, 2016, dir. Lucia and Petr Klein Svoboda), and Únos (Kidnapping, 2017, dir. Mariana Čengel-Solčanská), the present study deals with distrust in the systemic elements of society in Slovak feature films in the period following the establishment of the Audiovisual Fund (2009). By means of a thematic and stylistic analysis, it points to the similarities between the selected films. It shows their rootedness in the established trends of Slovak cinema as well as their diversion from them, which is mirrored in their dialogical work with the phenomenon of reality, by creating an illusion of anticipation or influencing future events.
Italian Thrilling Spectacle Between Aesthetics, Ethics, and Ideology. Popular Genres of Italian Cinema in the 1960s and 1970s in Czechoslovak Film and Non-Film Periodicals (1960–1989)
Authors: Švábenický Jan
Published: February 2018

This study examines journalistic, publicist, and critical discourse in relation to the popular genres in the Italian cinema of the 1960s and 1970s in Czechoslovak film and non-film periodical press. Of interest are mainly comprehensive texts that analyse Italian popular genres as a genre system and a specific corpus of films that belong to the same genre. Czech and Slovak translations of foreign studies and texts (with the exception of some examples), interviews with Italian filmmakers, short glosses, or informative texts are beyond the scope of this research. This study reflects critical, journalistic, and publicist interpretations and views by Czechoslovak press of popular genres in national Italian cinema in the selected historical period. Research is divided into two parts that develop specific aspects of these analytic questions. The first part analyses texts about this subject matter in various film a and non-film periodicals, including newspapers and journals with emphasis on long studies and interpretations of a few categories of popular genres viewed in the extensive context of their national, socio-cultural, iconographic, and industrial aspects. The second part deals only with the popular genre of western all’italiana (western in Italian style), which represented an international cinematic and socio-cultural phenomenon in the 1960s and 1970s and was of the greatest interest to Czechoslovak critics, journalists, and publicists in relation to popular genres of Italian cinema in general.
Alred Roller – An Innovator and a Traditionalist
Authors: Zavarský Ján
Published: February 2018

This study focuses on the scenographer Alfred Roller (1864–1935) and his productions of Wagner’s musical dramas, with emphasis on Tristan and Isolde and Parsifal. It places Roller’s aesthetics in a historical, aesthetic, and artistic context, points to his inspiration by the Swiss scenography reformer Adolphe Appia, and cooperation with the music composer and conductor Gustav Mahler in the Vienna Court Opera. The text analyses the specifics of Roller’s scenography, which diverged from illusive stage and used light work as an important production principle. It concludes with a summary of the effect of Roller’s aesthetics on Ľudovít Hradský, the first leader of the production team at the Slovak National Theatre (1923–1928). The visual aspects of the Slovak National Theatre’s productions in that period were strongly inspired by expressionism and Art Nouveau, which were typical of German theatre at that time.
A case report of a thalamic stroke associated with sudden disappearance of severe chronic low back pain
Authors: Shanthanna Harsha
Published: February 2018

Background:

Chronic pain conditions are associated with neuroplasticity within the central nervous system. In most patients the maladaptive consequence of neuroplasticity supports prolonged course of chronic pain, despite the absence of a commensurate etiology. From a pain neuromatrix perspective it can involve three different circuits within the central nervous system; the classical sensory pathway, the limbic system pathway, and the associative pathways involving the parietal cortical connections. Although this can be conceptualized as a fluid system composed of several interacting networks, it can be broadly separated into a nociceptive specific network of spino-thalamic neurons and second order neurons beyond thalamus that are not nociceptor specific. Thalamus acts as an important relay station that conveys nociceptive signaling to higher centres. Neuroplastic changes can potentially involve any parts within this neuromatrix. It is very uncommon to observe the sudden disappearance of such a chronic pain condition.

Methods and results:

In this case report, the author describes the clinical course of a patient with severe chronic low back pain (CLBP), whose pain suddenly disappeared after a stroke involving his left thalamus. Although extremely rare, existing case reports of such disappearance of pain with a secondary stroke in patients suffering from central post stroke pain (CPSP) are reviewed. The author further postulates hypotheses that could potentially explain this phenomenon based on the existing knowledge.

Conclusions and implications:

Although extremely rare and unpredictable, a thalamic stroke involving areas that are involved in chronic pain signaling can potentially lead to disappearence of an existing chronic pain condition. This is the first case report of such sudden disappearence of CLBP with well established nociceptive pathology supported by clinical and imaging findings. This unique case report could potentially generate ideas for future research and clinical treatment in the field of neuromodulation and brain stimulation.
The Potential of Blended ESOL Courses: Attitudes and Practices Among the UK Immigrants
Authors: Matulionienė Jūratė , Pundziuvienė Daiva
Published: February 2018

A considerable number of immigrants in the United Kingdom confront challenges as they acculturate into a new way of life, where language competence significantly influences their social, economic and cultural integration. Such immigrants are often at an educational and social disadvantage compared to the majority of population due to their different social and cultural backgrounds, prior educational experience and the lack of language competencies. The use of technologies for teaching / learning the host country language has been emphasized in European Strategy 2020 policy. Although learning of English usually takes place very naturally in an English-speaking informal environment, formal educational institutions in the UK and immigrants’ native countries tend to be very helpful as well. Assuming that such learners of English usually need more intensively-paced learning and knowing that professional commitments or other reasons can prevent them from coming to classes, blended learning can help them reach their goals faster and not lose connection with their native country. In order to develop insight into such English learners’ needs as well as to identify teaching forms that could help in meeting these needs, this study used a survey to explore the most important factors influencing the development of the UK immigrants’ English language competence and students’ general practice of using ICT for English learning and their attitudes towards ICT in foreign language learning. Furthermore, the research aimed to answer the question whether a blended strategy of language learning organized by their native countries institutions would be able to positively influence the learning outcomes while maintaining a connection with their native country and culture. The research sample was a group of English learners enrolled in an ESOL course. To explore the needs, experiences and attitudes of the participants, a quantitative research methodology was applied and short semi-structured interviews were conducted. The present research has demonstrated that the advancement of technologies has increased the use of ICT not only for personal purposes but also for work and studies. The students have indicated quite a frequent use of various on-line English study tools and programmes and have demonstrated a generally positive attitude towards blended English learning.
Quality and Diversity: Reconsidering John Dewey and Some Fundamental Problems of Teacher Training System in Turkey
Authors: Çelik Raşit
Published: February 2018

John Dewey has had significant influence on the education system of the Republic of Turkey, especially during the early periods of the Republic. He provided his recommendations, among others, on the training of teachers in Turkey in his Report and Recommendation upon Turkish Education and contributed to the development of teacher education system in Turkey. Although Turkey has a relatively long history of teacher education, the system has suffered from some fundamental issues for decades. In this regard, by focusing on the concepts of quality and diversity, this work examines the relevance of Dewey’s ideas as provided in his report and presented in his seminal book Democracy and Education to some historical problems of the system. It ultimately aims at providing a wider perspective on some contemporary problems of the teacher training system by framing an understanding of a competent teacher while focusing on the concepts of pluralistic democracy, multiculturalism, and multilingualism.
Study of Measurement Strategies of Geometric Deviation of the Position of the Threaded Holes
Authors: Drbul Mário , Martikan Pavol , Sajgalik Michal , Czan Andrej , Broncek Jozef , Babik Ondrej
Published: February 2018

Verification of product and quality control is an integral part of current production process. In terms of functional requirements and product interoperability, it is necessary to analyze their dimensional and also geometric specifications. Threaded holes are verified elements too, which are a substantial part of detachable screw connections and have a broad presence in engineering products. This paper deals with on the analysing of measurement strategies of verification geometric deviation of the position of the threaded holes, which are the indirect method of measuring threaded pins when applying different measurement strategies which can affect the result of the verification of the product..
Cutting Zone Temperature Identification During Machining of Nickel Alloy Inconel 718
Authors: Czán Andrej , Daniš Igor , Holubják Jozef , Zaušková Lucia , Czánová Tatiana , Mikloš Matej , Martikáň Pavol
Published: February 2018

Quality of machined surface is affected by quality of cutting process. There are many parameters, which influence on the quality of the cutting process. The cutting temperature is one of most important parameters that influence the tool life and the quality of machined surfaces. Its identification and determination is key objective in specialized machining processes such as dry machining of hard-to-machine materials. It is well known that maximum temperature is obtained in the tool rake face at the vicinity of the cutting edge. A moderate level of cutting edge temperature and a low thermal shock reduce the tool wear phenomena, and a low temperature gradient in the machined sublayer reduces the risk of high tensile residual stresses. The thermocouple method was used to measure the temperature directly in the cutting zone. An original thermocouple was specially developed for measuring of temperature in the cutting zone, surface and subsurface layers of machined surface. This paper deals with identification of temperature and temperature gradient during dry peripheral milling of Inconel 718. The measurements were used to identification the temperature gradients and to reconstruct the thermal distribution in cutting zone with various cutting conditions.
Rapid Prototyping Technologies for Manufacturing and Maintenance Activities
Authors: Pfeifer Marcel Rolf
Published: February 2018

The paper deals with the direct application of Rapid Prototyping technologies for parts and spare parts production in production companies and the economic effect by making use of this technology.

Traditional production technologies are technologies such as forging, cutting, machining, etc. These technologies are widely accepted and the teething troubles are solved. Rapid Prototyping technologies such as 3D printing on the other hand came into the focus in the recent years when the technologies and the produced quality gradually advanced. Providing flexibility and time efficiency the technology should also have a practical application in production. This paper has the aim to provide a case-study based on existing cost figures to show that these technologies are not limited to prototype developments.
You, our shareholders: metadiscourse in CEO letters from Chinese and Western banks
Authors: Huang Ying , Rose Kate
Published: February 2018

As China internationalizes its own banks more and more, and the Chinese are an expanding market in Western banks, the linguistic specificities of communication strategies may be understood and applied in the professional environments of banks. The present comparison is based on the key features of metadiscourse markers in the Chinese English-version CEO letters and the Western English-version CEO letters in banking annual reports. Metadiscourse in business genres is an under-represented topic, particularly across cultures; this study invites further inquiry. This paper applies corpus-based contrastive analysis to CEO letters in English from Chinese and Western banks. Comparing distribution patterns of metadiscourse markers, we found that both interactive and interactional metadiscourse was more frequently used in the Western letters. This suggests that Western CEO letters tend to use more credibility and affective appeals, while Chinese CEO letters are based more on rational appeals. Variation in use of metadiscourse is discussed with a focus on the interplay of linguistic and cultural features. This study contributes to the fields of Chinese English professional written communication, and cross-cultural writing in workplaces.
Nessia gansi: a Second Three-toed Snake-Skink (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) from Sri Lanka with the Designation of a Neotype for Nessia burtonii Gray
Authors: Batuwita Sudesh , Edirisinghe Udeni
Published: February 2018

A new species of Nessia is described from Sri Lanka. Nessia gansi sp. n. is distinguished from its sister species (N. burtonii) based on the morphological and meristic data. The new species differs from all other congeners except N. burtonii Gray, by a combination of following characters: presence of four limbs; all limbs bearing three digits; interparietal broader than frontal. It distinguishes from N. burtonii by having five (vs. six) supraciliaries; one (vs. two) pretemporal/s; two (vs. one) primary temporal/s; three (vs. four) infralabials; 93-105 (vs. 110-124) paravertebral scale rows; 103-114 (vs. 117-121) ventral scales; two (vs. three) subdigital lamellae under each digit of manus; mental as wide as postmental (vs. mental wider than postmental); and nostrils visible when viewed ventrally (vs. not visible). Two closely related species show a discrete distribution in Sri Lanka: N. gansi sp. n. is recorded from Kanneliya, Rumaswala, Kottawa, Panagula, Ambalangoda and Imaduwa in the first and second peneplains (~100 m), whereas N. burtonii records (here corrected) are reported from Alagalla, Ambagamuwa, Gampola, Hiniduma and Kandy within the third peneplain (from ~500 m). The identity of N. burtonii is stabilized through the designation of a neotype, and here it is re-described.
Copris hispanus cavolinii (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in the Collection of “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History (Bucharest)
Authors: Drăghici Andreea-Cătălina
Published: February 2018

Copris hispanus cavolinii (Petagna, 1792) is mentioned for the first time in the Coleoptera Collection of “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History (Bucharest). Three new records are added in the present short note for C. hispanus cavolinii based on the studied material.
Aspects Regarding Raptors Migration over the Black Sea
Authors: Stanciu Cătălin-Răzvan , Zaharia Răzvan , Chişamera Gabriel-Bogdan , Cobzaru Ioana , Gavril Viorel-Dumitru , Popescu-Mirceni Răzvan-Valentin , Murariu Dumitru
Published: February 2018

We investigated diurnal raptors movements in the Black Sea basin. Bird migration over the western Black Sea has not been studied properly, scarce data being available mainly by Drost’s paper (1930) thus referring only to the birds from Snakes Island, and few new data collected during more recent research expeditions. The study of migration over large water bodies is a very complex task, due to the difficulty of reaching these areas; observations in this paper were made from research vessels and offshore oil rigs. Our data together with previously published information provides a new insight into bird migration routes over the Black Sea. Species observed across the Black Sea basin followed routes that are part of Via Pontica Corridor and Trans-Caucasian Corridor. The aim of this paper is to have a clearer image of the migration phenomenon in this area, such data are important for management and conservation of migratory birds.
A New Species of the Genus Anamixis (Amphipoda: Leucothoidae) from the Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: Ortiz Manuel , Capetillo Norberto , Winfield Ignacio
Published: February 2018

A new species of the genus Anamixis Stebbing, 1897 is herein described. The material was obtained from a collector of puerulus larvae of spiny lobsters, anchored at Punta Coyote, Gulf of California, Mexico. The new species differs from the others, by the head with eyes devoid of ommatidia; keel subquadrate; maxilliped inner plates almost fused; accessory flagellum of one tiny article; coxa 1 vestigial a bifid anteroventrally and distal part of propodus of pereopods 3–7 bearing an unusual small fissure. The new species is the 24th known species, the third record in the genus from North American Pacific, as well as the first record of the genus for Mexican Pacific.
Catalogue of Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) from the New Leaf Beetles Collection from “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History (Bucharest) (Part II)
Authors: Maican Sanda , Serafim Rodica
Published: February 2018

The paper reports data on the species of Cassidinae preserved in the new Chrysomelidae Collection of “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History (Bucharest). A total of 852 specimens, representing four genera and 31 species are listed. Out of them, 11 species are recently entered in this collection. New distributional data for some rare species of Cassida in Romanian fauna are given.
Contributions to the Knowledge on the Amphibians and Reptiles of Ialomița County (South-Eastern Romania)
Authors: Iftime Alexandru , Iftime Oana
Published: February 2018

The results of faunistical and ecological surveys of the amphibians i n Ialomița County (Romania) are presented here; 12 amphibian species were identified, two amphibian hybrids and five reptile species, with new records for many of those.
On the Rove Beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve in the Coleoptera Collections of “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History
Authors: Stan Melania
Published: February 2018

74 species of rove beetles were identified in the collections of the “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History, collected from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, between 1962–1966, in 1991, 1995 and 2012–2017. The material was collected mainly using light traps. Aleochara tenuicornis Kraatz, Carpelimus anthracinus (Mulsant & Rey), Bledius frisius Lohse, Ochthephilum collare (Reitter) and Achenium propontiacum Bordoni are mentioned for the first time from this area.
Comparative Analysis of Rules in Five Leading Standards for Smoke Detectors Siting in the Presence of a Ceiling Irregularity
Authors: Blagojević Milan , Jevtić Radoje , Ristić Dejan
Published: February 2018

Subdividing elements and different structures on the ceiling like beams or similar, significantly affect the location of the smoke detector, because they change the flow of combustion products. From point of view of fire detection system, designers it is very interesting how to arrange and distribute smoke detectors in applications when beams are formed structure like a “honeycomb” The European norm 54-14 is mandatory, but in practice, a main question appears: “Do we have the explanations detailed enough for all of the situations that could occur related to length, width and depth of honeycomb cells”? The main goal of this paper is to show the differences between the rules and the instructions in five standards: EN 54-14, VDE 0833-2, BS 5839-1, NPB 88, NFPA 72, and to find the best solution for various situations in practice.
Development of a Water Spout for the Active Extinguishing of the Focus of an Intense Flame
Authors: Lichorobiec Stanislav , Pupíková Jana
Published: February 2018

The topic of the article is devoted to the experimental development of directional charges, which have a front part filled with water and are thus capable of forming a high velocity water jet, which has intense cooling effects and is accompanied by a shock wave created by the explosion of the charge. The water jet can then be used to extinguish the flame from an intense fire epicenter caused, for example, by a gas pipe failure, a tank with flammable liquid or an oil well. The text is accompanied with the visual design of the water spout prototype, including the experimental test of extinguishing the focus of an intense flame caused by various sources.
Assessment of the Moisture Effect on Gaseous Products of Self-Heating of Wood Chips
Authors: Věžníková Hana , Perďochová Michaela , Uhrová Martina
Published: February 2018

Biofuels are stored in large quantities and may be susceptible to self-ignition. The possible methods of indication of temperature increase include the analysis of the gaseous products of heating where concentrations of certain gases may increase with increasing temperature. Gas release is also affected by the moisture of the material given that the moisture level changes surface accessibility for oxygen on the one side and serves as a catalyst of the oxidation reactions on the other. The present project analysed the effect of temperature and moisture on gaseous products of heating of wood chips, one of frequently used biofuels, with the aim to determine a suitable gaseous indicator of beginning self-ignition.
Evaluation and Measurement of Hand-Transmitted Vibrations
Authors: Marková Iveta , Suchoň Marek
Published: February 2018

The goal of this work is the effect of vibrations on selected professionals through questionnaire survey and implementation of experimental vibration measurements on a hand of employee. The observation of vibration effects was chosen in a company, where products are being shaped with pneumatic instruments and there is a risk of an exposure of vibrations on the employees. In experimental part are described and evaluated questionnaire surveys conducted on selected risk factors. The reason is the realization of work with vibrating tools for a longer time, where some parts do wear-out and therefore there is a higher exposure to oscillation.
The Desert Fayumin the twenty-first century
Authors: Holdaway Simon , Phillipps Rebecca , Emmitt Joshua , Linseele Veerle , Wendrich Willeke
Published: February 2018

From 1924–1928, Gertrude Caton-Thompson and Elinor Gardner surveyed and excavated Epipalaeolithic and Neolithic sites across the Fayum north shore in Egypt, publishing a volume entitledThe Desert Fayum(1934). Since then, a number of researchers have worked in the Fayum (e.g. Wendorf & Schild 1976; Hassan 1986; Wenkeet al. 1988; Kozłowski & Ginter 1989), and most recently the UCLA/RUG/UOA Fayum Project. The long history of research in the area means that the Fayum is a testament to changing archaeological approaches, particularly regarding the Neolithic. Caton-Thompson and Gardner's study is recognised as one of the most progressive works on Egyptian prehistory, and their research provided the foundation for many subsequent studies in the region (e.g. Wendrich & Cappers 2005; Holdawayet al. 2010, 2016; Shirai 2010, 2013, 2015, 2016a; Emmitt 2011; Emmittet al. 2017; Holdaway & Wendrich 2017). A recent article inAntiquity, however, uses Caton-Thompson and Gardner's preliminary interpretations of their excavations at a stratified deposit in the Fayum, Kom W, to generate a series of speculative statements concerning agricultural origins in the region (Shirai 2016b). The majority of these statements are very similar to conclusions initially made by Caton-Thompson and Gardner in the first half of the twentieth century, and new data and theory needed to reassess earlier conclusions are not considered. Recently published studies concerning the Fayum north shore and adjacent regions provide a different view of the state of research in this region and the Egyptian Neolithic in general. Here we acquaintAntiquityreaders with current archaeological approaches to the Fayum north shore Neolithic, with the intent of stimulating academic debate.
Elite power in the landscapes of early medieval Europe
Authors: Wright Duncan W.
Published: February 2018

The early medieval period in Europe is commonly viewed as a time of emerging nations, as the institutions, lineages and territories that we recognise as integral to medieval and later states were established. The preoccupation with nationhood is the primary reason that earlier generations of early medieval scholars often limited the geographic focus of their studies, with their findings feeding back into broader narratives of national culture, identity and ethnicity. Such research traditions have taken some time to evolve, but thankfully the last decade or so has seen a marked increase in the publication of archaeologically orientated studies with a broader remit. The ability to compare and contrast the evidence from other regions has resulted in a much- improved research environment, transforming our understanding of the period. Two of the publications reviewed here, Fortified settlements in early medieval Europe and Making Christian landscapes in Atlantic Europe, represent the latest additions to this positive trend, comprising edited volumes with impressive coverage across the Continent. While the third volume, Social complexity in early medieval rural communities, is concentrated solely on Iberia, it is an equally welcome addition, as its publication in English is likely to broaden readership and open up the archaeology of the area to new audiences. Each contribution explores distinct material, although the articulation of elite power, and the means by which archaeologists can detect that power, is the prominent theme throughout.
Conocimiento sanitario en Perú, siglo XVII
Authors: Zarate-Cárdenas Esteban Eduardo , Jiménez-Alva María Del Rosario
Published: February 2018

En el Virreinato del Perú, los hospitales y universidades se desarrollaron por caridad cristiana. La enseñanza memorística, la hegemonía eclesiástica y la escasa organización frustraron las ideas innovadoras sobre las ciencias por la ausencia de una élite civil capaz de formular las políticas de una educación superior. La llegada de la Real Expedición Filantrópica de la Vacuna, en 1806, difundió conocimientos y las primeras formas de organización sanitaria. Se instauraron las Juntas Departamentales de Vacunación, cuya conducción ocurrió en contradicciones en las primeras políticas públicas de control sanitario. Esta situación se mantuvo hasta la fundación del Anfiteatro Anatómico.
Igniting a Passion in English
Authors: Noble Susan
Published: February 2018

This article looks in detail at the constraints imposed on teachers of English by current examination syllabuses, and at how approaches developed through the Key Stage 3 (KS3) offer and the innovative Excellent Futures Curriculum at Stanley Park High School, Carshalton enable KS4 students
to be more securely and fruitfully engaged as readers, writers, speakers and listeners.
Literature in Language Lessons
Authors: Zaiser Richard
Published: February 2018

Teaching modern foreign languages is not all about communicative skills. It is also about testing functional abilities. While we still pay lip service to the creed of communicative language teaching, we have adopted test formats and teaching styles that follow a hidden agenda: the production
of human capital. The main objective of teaching is being shifted from communicative competence to cognitive measurement. This article argues that using literature in the modern foreign language (MFL) classroom is perfectly compatible with the communicative approach and the curriculum. It
highlights the fact that literature, once driven out by communicative language teaching (CLT), could now help to bring back the 'communicative spirit' that is in danger of being drowned by competency-based teaching and testing.