bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Discrete Wire-Driven Continuum Robot Arm with Passive Sliding Disc: Design, Kinematics and Passive Tension Control
Authors: Yeshmukhametov Azamat , Koganezawa Koichi , Yamamoto Yoshio
Published: July 2019

Wire-driven continuum manipulators are gaining more attention due to their flexibility and dexterity features. In comparison with traditional manipulators, the continuum structure is compliant and safe for human tissue and is able to easily adapt to the unstructured environment. Despite its advantages, wire-driven mechanisms have a serious problem with tension. While pushing and pulling, the wire loses tension, which leads to an ineffective way of driving the pulleys. Therefore, in this research, we propose a novel discrete continuum robot arm with a passive pre-tension mechanism that avoids the wire tension problem. Moreover, this paper will describe the backbone design of the discrete continuum arm and pre-tension mechanism structure, as well as forward and inverse kinematics and kinetic solutions, with simulation results.
Strawberry Yield Prediction Based on a Deep Neural Network Using High-Resolution Aerial Orthoimages
Authors: Chen Yang , Lee Won Suk , Gan Hao , Peres Natalia , Fraisse Clyde , Zhang Yanchao , He Yong
Published: July 2019

Strawberry growers in Florida suffer from a lack of efficient and accurate yield forecasts for strawberries, which would allow them to allocate optimal labor and equipment, as well as other resources for harvesting, transportation, and marketing. Accurate estimation of the number of strawberry flowers and their distribution in a strawberry field is, therefore, imperative for predicting the coming strawberry yield. Usually, the number of flowers and their distribution are estimated manually, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and subjective. In this paper, we develop an automatic strawberry flower detection system for yield prediction with minimal labor and time costs. The system used a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (DJI Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China) equipped with an RGB (red, green, blue) camera to capture near-ground images of two varieties (Sensation and Radiance) at two different heights (2 m and 3 m) and built orthoimages of a 402 m2 strawberry field. The orthoimages were automatically processed using the Pix4D software and split into sequential pieces for deep learning detection. A faster region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN), a state-of-the-art deep neural network model, was chosen for the detection and counting of the number of flowers, mature strawberries, and immature strawberries. The mean average precision (mAP) was 0.83 for all detected objects at 2 m heights and 0.72 for all detected objects at 3 m heights. We adopted this model to count strawberry flowers in November and December from 2 m aerial images and compared the results with a manual count. The average deep learning counting accuracy was 84.1% with average occlusion of 13.5%. Using this system could provide accurate counts of strawberry flowers, which can be used to forecast future yields and build distribution maps to help farmers observe the growth cycle of strawberry fields.
RFim: A Real-Time Inundation Extent Model for Large Floodplains Based on Remote Sensing Big Data and Water Level Observations
Authors: Chen Zeqiang , Luo Jin , Chen Nengcheng , Xu Ren , Shen Gaoyun
Published: July 2019

The real-time flood inundation extent plays an important role in flood disaster preparation and reduction. To date, many approaches have been developed for determining the flood extent, such as hydrodynamic models, digital elevation model-based (DEM-based) methods, and remote sensing methods. However, hydrodynamic methods are time consuming when applied to large floodplains, high-resolution DEMs are not always available, and remote sensing imagery cannot be used alone to predict inundation. In this article, a new model for the highly accurate and rapid simulation of floodplains, called “RFim” (real-time inundation model), is proposed to simulate the real-time flooded area. The model combines remote sensing images with in situ data to find the relationship between the inundation extent and water level. The new approach takes advantage of remote sensing images, which have wide spatial coverage and high resolution, and in situ observations, which have continuous temporal coverage and are easily accessible. This approach has been applied in the study area of East Dongting Lake, representing a large floodplain, for inundation simulation at a 30 m resolution. Compared with the submerged extent from observations, the accuracy of the simulation could be more than 90% (the lowest is 93%, and the highest is 96%). Hence, the approach proposed in this study is reliable for predicting the flood extent. Moreover, an inundation simulation for all of 2013 was performed with daily water level observation data. With an increasing number of Earth observation satellites operating in space and high-resolution mappers deployed on satellites, it will be much easier to acquire large quantities of images with very high resolutions. Therefore, the use of RFim to perform inundation simulations with high accuracy and high spatial resolutions in the future is promising because the simulation model is built on remote sensing imagery and gauging station data.
Long-Term (1986–2015) Crop Water Use Characterization over the Upper Rio Grande Basin of United States and Mexico Using Landsat-Based Evapotranspiration
Authors: Senay Gabriel , Schauer Matthew , Velpuri Naga , Singh Ramesh , Kagone Stefanie , Friedrichs MacKenzie , Litvak Marcy , Douglas-Mankin Kyle
Published: July 2019

The evaluation of historical water use in the Upper Rio Grande Basin (URGB), United States and Mexico, using Landsat-derived actual evapotranspiration (ETa) from 1986 to 2015 is presented here as the first study of its kind to apply satellite observations to quantify long-term, basin-wide crop consumptive use in a large basin. The rich archive of Landsat imagery combined with the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model was used to estimate and map ETa across the basin and over irrigated fields for historical characterization of water-use dynamics. Monthly ETa estimates were evaluated using six eddy-covariance (EC) flux towers showing strong correspondence (r2 > 0.80) with reasonable error rates (root mean square error between 6 and 19 mm/month). Detailed spatiotemporal analysis using peak growing season (June–August) ETa over irrigated areas revealed declining regional crop water-use patterns throughout the basin, a trend reinforced through comparisons with gridded ETa from the Max Planck Institute (MPI). The interrelationships among seven agro-hydroclimatic variables (ETa, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), land surface temperature (LST), maximum air temperature (Ta), potential ET (ETo), precipitation, and runoff) are all summarized to support the assessment and context of historical water-use dynamics over 30 years in the URGB.
A Review of Techniques for Diagnosing the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height (ABLH) Using Aerosol Lidar Data
Authors: Dang Ruijun , Yang Yi , Hu Xiao-Ming , Wang Zhiting , Zhang Shuwen
Published: July 2019

The height of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABLH) or the mixing layer height (MLH) is a key parameter characterizing the planetary boundary layer, and the accurate estimation of that is critically important for boundary layer related studies, which include air quality forecasts and numerical weather prediction. Aerosol lidar is a powerful remote sensing instrument frequently used to retrieve the ABLH through detecting the vertical distributions of aerosol concentration. Presently available methods for ABLH determination from aerosol lidar are summarized in this review, including a lot of classical methodologies as well as some improved versions of them. Some new recently developed methods applying advanced techniques such as image edge detection, as well as some new methods based on multi-wavelength lidar systems, are also summarized. Although a lot of techniques have been proposed and have already given reasonable results in several studies, it is impossible to recommend a technique which is suitable in all atmospheric scenarios. More accurate instantaneous ABLH from robust techniques is required, which can be used to estimate or improve the boundary layer parameterization in the numerical model, or maybe possible to be assimilated into the weather and environment models to improve the simulation or forecast of weather and air quality in the future.
Sinkhole Detection and Characterization Using LiDAR-Derived DEM with Logistic Regression
Authors: Kim Yong Je , Nam Boo Hyun , Youn Heejung
Published: July 2019

Depressions due to sinkhole formation cause significant structural damages to buildings and civil infrastructure. Traditionally, visual inspection has been used to detect sinkholes, which is a subjective way and time- and labor-consuming. Remote sensing techniques have been introduced for morphometric studies of karst landscapes. This study presents a methodology for the probabilistic detection of sinkholes using LiDAR-derived digital elevation model (DEM) data. The proposed study provides benefits associated with: (1) Detection of unreported sinkholes in rural and/or inaccessible areas, (2) automatic delineation of sinkhole boundaries, and (3) quantification of the geometric characteristics of those identified sinkholes. Among sixteen morphometric parameters, nine parameters were chosen for logistic regression, which was then employed to compute the probability of sinkhole detection; a cutoff value was back-calculated such that the sinkhole susceptibility map well predicted the reported sinkhole boundaries. According to the results of the LR model, the optimal cutoff value was calculated to be 0.13, and the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was 0.90, indicating the model is reliable for the study area. For those identified sinkholes, the geometric characteristics (e.g., depth, length, area, and volume) were computed.
Applications of QC and Merged Doppler Spectral Density Data from Ka-Band Cloud Radar to Microphysics Retrieval and Comparison with Airplane in Situ Observation
Authors: Liu Liping , Ding Han , Dong Xiaobo , Cao Junwu , Su Tao
Published: July 2019

The new Chinese Ka-band solid-state transmitter cloud radar (CR) uses four operational modes with different pulse widths and coherent integration and non-coherent integration numbers to meet long-term cloud measurement requirements. The CR and an instrument-equipped aircraft were used to observe clouds and precipitation on the east side of Taihang Mountain in Hebei Province in 2018. To resolve the data quality problems caused by attenuation in the precipitation area; we focused on developing an algorithm for attenuation correction based on rain drop size distribution (DSD) retrieved from the merged Doppler spectral density data of the four operational modes following data quality control (QC). After dealiasing Doppler velocity and removal of range sidelobe artifacts; we merged the four types of Doppler spectral density data. Vertical air speed and DSD are retrieved from the merged Doppler spectral density data. Finally, we conducted attenuation correction of Doppler spectral density data and recalculated Doppler moments such as reflectivity; radial velocity; and spectral width. We evaluated the consistencies of reflectivity spectra from the four operational modes and DSD retrieval performance using airborne in situ observation. We drew three conclusions: First, the four operational modes observed similar reflectivity and velocity for clouds and low-velocity solid hydrometeors; however; three times of coherent integration underestimated Doppler reflectivity spectra for velocities greater than 2 m s−1. Reflectivity spectra were also underestimated for low signal-to-noise ratios in the low-sensitivity operational mode. Second, QC successfully dealiased Doppler velocity and removed range sidelobe artifacts; and merging of the reflectivity spectra mitigated the effects of coherent integration and pulse compression on radar data. Lastly, the CR observed similar DSD and liquid water content vertical profiles to airborne in situ observations. Comparing CR and aircraft data yielded uncertainty due to differences in observation space and temporal and spatial resolutions of the data.
Thermodynamic Jump from Prebiotic Microsystems to Primary Living Cells
Authors: Kompanichenko Vladimir
Published: July 2019

It is proposed that the primary living cells (“probionts”) cannot emerge of organic substance simply by continuous chemical complication of prebiotic macromolecules and microsystems. The complication must be accompanied by the radical thermodynamic transformation (“jump”) of prebiotic microsystems that resulted in the acquired ability to extract free energy from the environment and export entropy. This transformation is called “the thermodynamic inversion” The inversion may occur by means of the efficient (intensified) response of the microsystems on the oscillations of physic-chemical parameters in hydrothermal environment. In this case the surplus available free energy within a microsystem, when combined with the informational modality, facilitates its conversion into a new microsystem—a living probiont. It is shown the schematic representation of an oscillating prebiotic microsystem that is transforming into a living probiont. A new kind of laboratory and computational experiments on prebiotic chemistry under oscillating conditions is offered to verify the inversion concept.
‘I think I’m gonna hurl’: A Narrative Review of the Causes of Nausea and Vomiting in Sport
Authors: Wilson Patrick B.
Published: July 2019

Exercise-associated gastrointestinal (GI) distress can negatively impact athletic performance and interfere with exercise training. Although there are a few universal underlying causes of GI distress, each symptom often has its own unique triggers and, therefore, its own prevention and management strategies. One of the most troubling GI symptoms an athlete can experience during training and competition is nausea/vomiting. The prevalence of nausea varies with several factors, two of the most important being exercise intensity and duration. Relatively brief, high-intensity exercise (e.g., sprinting, tempo runs) and ultra-endurance exercise are both associated with more frequent and severe nausea. The potential causes of nausea in sport are numerous and can include catecholamine secretion, hypohydration, heat stress, hyponatremia, altitude exposure, excessive fluid/food consumption, hypertonic beverage intake, pre-exercise intake of fatty- or protein-rich foods (especially in close proximity to exercise), prolonged fasting, various supplements (caffeine, sodium bicarbonate, ketones), certain drugs (antibiotics, opioids), GI infections, and competition-related anxiety. Beyond directly addressing these aforementioned causes, antiemetic drugs (e.g., ondansetron) may also be useful for alleviating nausea in some competitive situations. Given the commonness of nausea in sport and its potential impact on exercise performance, athletes and sports medicine practitioners should be aware of the origins of nausea and strategies for dealing with this troublesome gut complaint.
The Impact of Innovation on the Firm Performance and Corporate Social Responsibility of Vietnamese Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Canh Nguyen Thi , Liem Nguyen Thanh , Thu Phung Anh , Khuong Nguyen Vinh
Published: July 2019

Innovation is a complex process and has been shown to be influential towards different types of stakeholders. From the viewpoint of stakeholder theory, shareholders and creditors are more likely to be concerned about corporate financial performance. However, in the new era an enterprise’s responsibilities have to extend to other stakeholders, including its employees, suppliers and communities. This study aims to extend the literature by examining the individual effects of product and process innovations, and then their interactions with external collaboration, on firm performance and corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities in terms of local contributions for a sample of Vietnamese manufacturing firms during 2011–2013. Research findings suggest that process and product innovations are beneficial to firm performance in terms of market share, but not return on total assets. This implies that investment in innovative activities requires time to make positive changes in profitability, but it may help with winning customer loyalty. We also find evidence suggesting that innovation could make firms more obscure, especially when there are external parties involved. This motivates firms to send signals about their sustainability and goodwill through corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. With regard to CSR activities, we are the first to provide a breakdown of categories of corporate social contribution towards the local well-being, and elaborate evidence on the effect of innovation on each category, rather than just a composite index of CSR as in some extant studies.
Assessment of Battery Storage Technologies for a Turkish Power Network
Authors: Kocer Mustafa Cagatay , Cengiz Ceyhun , Gezer Mehmet , Gunes Doruk , Cinar Mehmet Aytac , Alboyaci Bora , Onen Ahmet
Published: July 2019

Population growth has brought an increase in energy demand and cost that has a meaningful impact on personal and government expenses. In this respect, governments attach importance to investments in renewable energy resources (RER), which are a sustainable and clean energy source. However, the unpredictable characteristics of RER are a major problem for these clean sources and RER need auxiliary assets. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are one of the promising solutions for these issues. Due to the high investment cost of BESS, governments act cautiously about accepting and implementing BESS in their power network. Recently, with the improvement of technology, the cost of BESS has been reduced, and therefore battery technologies have begun to be applied to conventional systems. In this study, first, we will review and discuss the current globally state-of-the-art BESS and their applications. Later, attention will be turned to a country-specific study for Turkey.
Low-Carbon Behaviour Performance of Scenic Spots in a World Heritage Site
Authors: Wang Kai , Gan Chang , Ou Yan , Liu Haolong
Published: July 2019

A low-carbon behaviour performance evaluation index system is designed by using a Delphi method in this study. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is applied to systematically measure the low-carbon behaviour performance of 32 scenic spots in Zhangjiajie, a world heritage site. The key driving factors that can significantly influence the low-carbon behaviour performance of the scenic spot are extracted by combining redundancy analysis (RDA). The results show that the scenic spots of Zhangjiajie performance well regarding low-carbon behaviour, however, there are still a great deal of room for improvement and promotion. Pressure from investors, the administration committees, tourists and local governments is the main driving factor for the low-carbon behaviour of scenic spot.
Sensitivity Analysis of a Regional Nutrient Budget Model for Two Regions with Intensive Livestock Farming in Korea
Authors: Lim Do Young , Ryu Hong-Duck , Chung Eu Gene , Shin Dongseok , Lee Jae Kwan
Published: July 2019

Nutrient budget is one of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) agri-environmental indicators. A model was developed for regional nutrient management in Korea. In this study, a sensitivity analysis of parameters of a nutrient budget model was performed for two regions with intensive livestock farming in Korea. In the nitrogen budget, gross nitrogen surplus (GNS) and hydrospheric nitrogen surplus (hNS) were analyzed separately. For GNS, the most influential parameters were excreta production per swine in Hongseong and excreta production per beef cattle in Anseong. For hNS, N content of solid manure in swine and beef cattle were the most influential. For GNS and phosphorus surplus (PS), excreta production per livestock and the N(P) in the excreta of livestock were the predominant parameters. Livestock excreta showed a high sensitivity in both areas because the livestock headcount was high; thus, the excreta accounted for a large share of the input parameters for the model. Therefore, calculating reliable regional nutrient budgets would require further research on excreta production per livestock and the N(P) excretion in livestock. The nutrient budget model could be implemented for agri-environmental policy e.g., environment friendly regional livestock farming and sustainable integrated crop livestock systems.
The Assessment of Favourability and Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Pinus Mugo in the Romanian Carpathians Using GIS Technology and Landsat Images
Authors: Roșca Sanda , Șimonca Vasile , Bilașco Ștefan , Vescan Iuliu , Fodorean Ioan , Petrea Dănuț
Published: July 2019

Favourability classification for forest species represents a fundamental activity for deriving technological solutions in forestry, as specialists need detailed information about the ecological requirements of forest species from environmental factors: climate, pedological characteristics and morphometric characteristics of the study area. The purpose of the present study was the use of the qualitative data extracted from the ecological records of the Pinus mugo species and the generation of a complex geospatial database for the entire territory of Romania. The results were represented by a collection of thematic maps generated on favourability classes for the Romanian Carpathians, as well as for the major landform subunits which had been the basis for the statistical analysis of the results. The validation of the results was performed by comparing the results obtained through the application of the model which used the frequency points reported in the European Atlas of the Forest Tree Species from Europe, 2016. In order to identify the spatio-temporal dynamics, LANDSAT satellite images from 30 years were used, which enabled the identification of the expansion and the reduction in size of the Pinus mugo area at a zonal level, a process which is dependent on natural factors, like climatic variations, or anthropic factors (overgrazing or works of cleaning the montain pastures).
Effects of Indoor Plants on the Physical Environment with Respect to Distance and Green Coverage Ratio
Authors: Han Ke-Tsung
Published: July 2019

Few studies have conducted experiments in daily living environments to examine the effects of indoor plants on objective aspects of the physical environment. This study examined the effects of plant distance and green coverage ratio on the objective physical environment and subjective psychological perceptions, along with the correlation between the objective physical environment and subjective psychological perceptions regarding indoor plants. A randomized control trial of plant distance and green coverage ratio was conducted in a room located in the basement of a university building in Taiwan. Aspects of the objective physical environment were measured using air quality detectors. Subjective psychological perceptions were evaluated based on the questionnaire responses of 60 undergraduates. The results revealed that (1) regardless of number of plants, the closer the plant, the higher the CO2 level; (2) more indoor plants resulted in higher CO2 and humidity and lower PM2.5, PM10, and temperature; and (3) the lower the levels of fine and suspended particles in the air were, the stronger were the feelings of preference, naturalness of the environment, and pleasure in participants. Indoor plants that can regulate indoor air quality and microclimates without consuming energy warrant greater attention and wider application.
Optimization of Metro Passenger Organizing of Alighting and Boarding Processes: Simulated Evidence from the Metro Station in Nanjing, China
Authors: Yu Jiajie , Ji Yanjie , Gao Liangpeng , Gao Qi
Published: July 2019

Since the long dwell time and chaotic crowds make metro trips inefficient and dissatisfying, the importance of optimizing alighting and boarding processes has become more prominent. This paper focuses on the adjustment of passenger organizing modes. Using field data from the metro station in Nanjing, China, a micro-simulation model of alighting and boarding processes based on an improved social force paradigm was built to simulate the movement of passengers under different passenger organizing modes. Unit flow rate, delay, and social force work (SFW) jointly reflect the efficiency and, especially, the physical energy consumption of passengers under each mode. It was found that when passengers alighted and boarded by different doors, efficiency reached its optimal level which was 76.92% higher than the status quo of Nanjing, and the physical energy consumption was reduced by 16.30%. Both the findings and the model can provide support for passenger organizing in metro stations, and the concept of SFW can be applied to other scenes simulated by the social force model, such as evacuations of large-scale activities, to evaluate the physical energy consumption of people.
Optimal Layout of Static Guidance Information in Comprehensive Transportation Hubs Based on Passenger Pathfinding Behavior
Authors: Shao Minhua , Xie Congcong , Sun Lijun , Jiang Lijuan
Published: July 2019

Passenger orientation (pathfinding) is an important factor in designing the layout of comprehensive transportation hubs, especially for static guidance sign systems. In essence, static guidance signs within the hub should be designed according to passengers’ pathfinding demand, that is, to provide passengers with accurate information at the appropriate location. Therefore, from the perspective of passenger information demand, this study aims to determine the appropriate location and density of static guidance information. Two types of passenger information demand in the pathfinding process are defined in this study: one is generated at the path decision point, where multiple path options exist; the other is at the points between decision points, where pathfinders need to confirm that they are still on the correct path. According to the interaction of pathfinding behavior and guidance information, the abstract relationship model is established between macro-behavioral characteristics and the micro-psychological state. Moreover, based on walking speed analysis, the judgment criterion of passenger psychology in pathfinding is proposed to determine the spatial location and density of guidance information. The analysis results of Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport show that, under the threshold of the speed drop section given in the study, 80% of passenger information demand is satisfied when guidance information spacing is 47 m, and 60% of information demand is satisfied when the spacing is 56 m. The findings presented in this paper can provide a reference for the optimal design of static guidance information in comprehensive transportation hubs.
Inhibiting Effects of Vegetation on the Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield on Riparian Slope along the Lower Yellow River
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Zhao Qinghe , Cao Zihao , Ding Shengyan
Published: July 2019

Riparian vegetation plays a vital role in soil and water conservation and river health maintenance. However, its inhibiting effects on water and soil loss are limited by different factors, such as slope gradient, vegetation coverage and their interaction. Therefore, this study quantified the inhibiting effect of riparian vegetation on the runoff, sediment and hydraulic characteristics of overland flow, and assessed its relative contribution to slope gradient. Specifically, we selected a riparian slope along the lower Yellow River as a case, and used a field-simulated rainfall experiment under specific rainfall intensity (90 mm/h), different vegetation coverage (0%, 15% and 30%) and slope gradients (5°, 10°, 15° and 20°). The results showed that the presence of vegetation can reduce the slope runoff rate and erosion rate. However, greater slope gradients can result in a lowering of the inhibiting effects of riparian vegetation on sediment yield. There was a critical value of vegetation coverage for inhibiting eroded sediments which was influenced by the degree of slope gradient. At 15% vegetation coverage, vegetation inhibited the slope sediment yield greatly at a slope gradient of less than 8°; while at 30% vegetation coverage, vegetation greatly inhibited the slope sediment yield at slope gradients <11°. Hydraulic characteristics were closely related to the slope gradient and vegetation coverage by the power function. Grey correlation analysis revealed that, with increasing of vegetation coverage, the effect of stream power on slope sediment yield decreased, while the effect of the friction coefficient on slope sediment yield increased. In summary, riparian vegetation can effectively inhibit slope runoff and sediment yield, but its inhibiting effect is notably affected by slope gradient.
Electrochemical Surface Science: Basics and Applications
Authors: Alonso-Vante Nicolas , Granozzi Gaetano
Published: July 2019

The great success of the Surfaces Special Issue entitled “Electrochemical Surface Science (EC-SS): Basics and Applications” reflects the great vitality and relevance of the addressed topic [...]
Formaldehyde Detection by a Combination of Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase and Chitosan on a Sensor Based on an Organic Field-Effect Transistor
Authors: Tsuchiya Kazuhiko , Furusawa Hiroyuki , Nomura Ayako , Matsui Hiroyuki , Nihei Mizuhisa , Tokito Shizuo
Published: July 2019

Formaldehyde is utilized for the preservation of materials due to its strong bactericidal effects. As formaldehyde is also a harmful substance that causes health hazards, the quantitative monitoring of formaldehyde in natural and living environments is desirable. For the rapid and easy detection of formaldehyde, in this study we applied an organic field-effect transistor (OFET)-based sensor that can function as a potentiometric device for electrochemical measurements. A polyion-complex gel of formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) and chitosan (CT) was constructed on a gold electrode. When the FDH/CT gel-coated electrode was connected to an OFET device it could detect formaldehyde in an aqueous solution, in which the amino groups of chitosan would protonate during the enzymatic reaction. The limit of detection was calculated to be 3.1 µM (93 ppb), demonstrating the applicability of the film-type OFET sensor to environmental monitoring.
Delays in Patient Presentation and Diagnosis for Buruli Ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans Infection) in Victoria, Australia, 2011–2017
Authors: Coutts Shaun P. , Lau Colleen L. , Field Emma J. , Loftus Michael J. , Tay Ee Laine
Published: July 2019

Uncertainty regarding transmission pathways and control measures makes prompt presentation and diagnosis for Buruli ulcer critical. To examine presentation and diagnosis delays in Victoria, Australia, we conducted a retrospective study of 703 cases notified between 2011 and 2017, classified as residing in an endemic (Mornington Peninsula; Bellarine Peninsula; South-east Bayside and Frankston) or non-endemic area. Overall median presentation delay was 30 days (IQR 14–60 days), with no significant change over the study period (p = 0.11). There were significant differences in median presentation delay between areas of residence (p = 0.02), but no significant change over the study period within any area. Overall median diagnosis delay was 10 days (IQR 0–40 days), with no significant change over the study period (p = 0.13). There were significant differences in median diagnosis delay between areas (p < 0.001), but a significant decrease over time only on the Mornington Peninsula (p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, being aged <15 or >65 years; having non-ulcerative disease; and residing in the Bellarine Peninsula or South-East Bayside (compared to non-endemic areas) were significantly associated with shorter presentation delay. Residing in the Bellarine or Mornington Peninsula and being notified later in the study period were significantly associated with shorter diagnosis delay. To reduce presentation and diagnosis delays, awareness of Buruli ulcer must be raised with the public and medical professionals, particularly those based outside established endemic areas.
Progress on the Prevention and Treatment of Hantavirus Disease
Authors: Brocato Rebecca L. , Hooper Jay W.
Published: July 2019

Hantaviruses, members of the order Bunyavirales, family Hantaviridae, have a world-wide distribution and are responsible for greater than 150,000 cases of disease per year. The spectrum of disease associated with hantavirus infection include hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) also known as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). There are currently no FDA-approved vaccines or treatments for these hantavirus diseases. This review provides a summary of the status of vaccine and antiviral treatment efforts including those tested in animal models or human clinical trials.
Analysis of the Hydraulic Properties of Undisturbed Layered Loess in Northwest China
Authors: Guo Qinghua , Dai Fuchu , Zhao Zhiqiang
Published: July 2019

Extensive agricultural irrigation in the loess region of Northwest China has seriously damaged the local hydrogeological environment. To properly understand the hydrological processes and the hydraulic properties of the layered soil, the field soil column irrigation test, laboratory soil column infiltration test, and undisturbed soil sample hydraulic experiments were carried out. The results showed that the proposed infiltration model can continuously simulate the infiltration process of the loess–palaeosol sequence well. The layered structure may form a temporary groundwater table at the interface of the two different soils under irrigation conditions. This provides a scientific basis for proposing reasonable irrigation measures.
Nanotechnology and the Future of Computation, Storage and Perception
Authors: Bhat Navakanta
Published: July 2019

The continued miniaturization of devices in the nanoscale regime, and the capability to manipulate the matter at these dimensions is expected to revolutionize the future systems for computation, storage and perception in the next few decades. Nanotechnology is not just a natural evolution of the miniaturization trend from sub-100 micrometer scale to sub-100 nanometer scale. The emergence of quantum effects at nanoscale, with a significant departure from the continuum approximation of physical, chemical and biological processes, brings in exciting new possibilities with nanotechnology. In the next few decades, we will go beyond the conventional charge based, digital Silicon CMOS technology, and incorporate several emerging technologies that exploit nanoscale phenomena, to realize extremely powerful machines for high performance computation with augmented perception, mimicking the human brain and sensory organs.
Health factor in food consumption
Authors: Lőrinczi Krisztián
Published: July 2019

Consumer lifestyle and health are relevant factors to understanding consumption preferences. In the last few decades the number of lifestyle diseases has dramatically increased. The main cause for these diseases is the change in lifestyle; including a lack of attention to physical activity and good nutrition. Health and lifestyle are important factors by purchase decision process. In accordance with these, I examine the consumer behaviour toward soft drinks with special regards to healthy lifestyle and the state of health. My examinations can be considered mainly as aqualitative research, which can serve as a basis for further analyses and research, however, the conclusions and experience gained from it are worthy of consideration. I differentiated five soft drink categories: ice tea, carbonated soft drinks, fruit juices, mineral waters, sport and energy drinks and studied the consumer behaviour toward them. The study focuses on the consumption of these and the factors influencing their purchase with special regards to lifestyle.
Bourbaki and Palais Proper Actions on d-Algebra
Authors: Hussein Ahmed Talip , Abdulla Habeeb Kareem , Ali Haider Jebur
Published: July 2019

The main goal of this paper is to create a general two types of proper D-space, namely, Bourbaki proper D-space and Palais proper D-space, to explain the relation between Bourbaki proper and Palais proper D-spaces and to study some of examples and propositions of Bourbaki proper and Palais proper D-spaces.
Islam dan riset akuntansi
Authors: Sirajudin
Published: July 2019

Abstrak Tulisan ini berupaya mengurai sekilas paradigma apa saja yang menjadi perhatian di riset akuntansi termasuk filosofi yang mendasarinya. Tulisan ini juga mencoba menawarkan gambaran riset akuntansi yang ada dan paradigma Islam sebagai sebuah paradigma tersendiri yang bisa digunakan dalam riset-riset akuntansi yang bagi sebagian peneliti termasuk dalam paradigma spiritualitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah telaah literatur atas beberapa tulisan tentang paradigm Islam dan riset akuntansi. Temuannya bahwa paradigm Islam sudah sejak lama menjadi kacamata tersendiri dalam riset-riset sosial, termasuk riset di bidang akuntansi. Namun, mayoritas peneliti cenderung mengklasifikasikan paradigma Islam ke ranah paradigma posmoderen atau paradigma spritualis. Abstract This article tries to extract a glace about any paradigm that concerned and also the philosophical basis. It offers the picture of accounting research and Islamic paradigm as a self paradigm that can implement in accounting researsches. It may consider as spiritual paradigm to some researcher. The method it this article is literature review on some writings about Islamic paradigm and accounting research. The finding shows that Islamic paradigm has well known as a specific tool in social research, as it is in accounting research. However, most researchers tend to classify it as postmodern or spiritual paradigm.
Memahami kejahatan akuntansi di indonesia
Authors: Sudrajat Martadinata
Published: July 2019

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memahami kejahatan akuntansi yang terjadi di Indonesia, menurut mahasiswa program studi akuntansi Universitas Teknologi Sumbawa. Penelitian ini dalam jenis kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, melalui beberapa tahapan analisa yakni: noema, epoche, noesis, intentional analysis, dan eidetic reduction. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa di dalam memahami kejahatan akuntansi di Indonesia meurut mahasiswa akuntansi UTS sangat bergantung kepada dua faktor penting: 1) Ilmu akuntansi, 2) Moral manusia. Abstract The objective of this research was to construe the meaning of accountancy crime that happened in Indonesia, based on the thought of students of accountancy program of Sumbawa University of Technology. The research was qualitative with phenomenology approach, through some steps of analysis; noema, epoche, noesis, intentional analysis and eidetic reduction. The conclusion of this research showed that the mean plethora of accountancy crime cases which happened in Indonesia strongly depends on two important factors: 1) science of accountancy, 2) human’s moral.
THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE DEBT FINANCING ON EARNINGS QUALITY
Authors: LEONARDI CHRISTINE , HANDOJO IRWANTO
Published: July 2019

The objective of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the influences of different levels of debt (whole debt, low debt, and high debt), operating cycle, firm size, sales volatility, cash flows volatility, losses, cost of debt, and Z-score to earnings quality. The population in this research is non-financial companies excluding service sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2007-2013. Samples are obtained through purposive sampling method with observation period from 2011 to 2013, which only 83 of listed non-financial companies excluding service sector in Indonesia Stock Exchange meet the sampling criteria, resulting 245 data available are taken as the samples. The result shows that debt and losses have influence on earnings quality. Directionally, low debt has positive influence and high debt has negative influence on earnings quality. Firm size has influence on earnings quality when it is regressed with whole debt. Meanwhile, it has no influence when it is regressed with low and high debt. Sales volatility, cash flows volatility, cost of debt and Z-score have no influence on earnings quality.
Pengadopsian Akuntansi Akrual di Pemerintah Daerah (Studi Kasus Pada Provinsi Banten)
Authors: Aswar Khoirul , Ermawati Ermawati
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pelaksanaan akuntansi berbasis akrual di Pemerintah Provinsi Banten. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk menjawab tiga pertanyaan penelitian: Pertama, manfaat yang diperoleh dari penerapan sistem akuntansi berbasis akrual, kedua, tantangan menerapkan sistem akuntansi berbasis akrual dan terakhir pra-kondisi penting untuk keberhasilan pelaksanaan akuntansi berbasis akrual. Penelitian ini mengambil desain penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 252 SKPD dan staf PKK.  Data dianalisis menggunakan Software SPSS digunakan untuk analisis korelasi hubungan antara hasil yang diperoleh dari responden dan karakteristik demografi responden. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa manfaat terbesar berasal dari penerapan akuntansi berbasis akrual ditingkatkan manajemen aset dan meningkatkan konsistensi dan komparabilitas informasi keuangan yang dilaporkan. Tantangan utama yaitu kurangnya sumberdaya teknologi, sistem informasi, tingginya biaya, kurangnya sumberdaya yang memadai. Sedangkan prakondisi terdiri dari kemampuan teknologi informasi, konsultasi dan koordinasi, pembangunan kapasistas, perumusan baru dan amandemen kebijakan akuntansi. Terdapat korelasi positif yang signifikan ada antara manfaat, tantangan beserta prasyarat penerapan akuntansi akrual terhadap karaktristik demografi responden dari pengalaman kerja, kualifikasi akademik dan profesional responden.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Harga Saham pada Industri Loga yang Terdaftar Di BEI
Authors: Sauqi Muhammad Irfan , Wahyuningtyas Endah Tri , Agustina Heni
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the financial effect proxy through Current  ratio, Debt Equity Ratio, Return On Asset, Return On Equity, Return On Investment and Net Profit Margin Against Stock Price of the Company and the like mentioned in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample used in the study amounted to 16 companies from a total of 18 companies, for the techniques used in the study using multiple regression analysis. The test results show the variable Current Ratio, Debt Equity Ratio, Return On Asset, Return On Equity, Return On Investment and Net Profit Margin simultaneously affect the stock price of metal companies and the like listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with the results obtained F- count as 5,948 with  significant 0.000 < 0.05. Which means the relationship between the independent variables Current Ratio, Debt Equity Ratio, Return On Asset, Return On Equity, Return On Investment and Net Profit Margin together have a close relationship to stock prices.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan dengan Menggunakan Altman Z Score dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Harga Saham
Authors: Salsabila Nadia Bella , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: July 2019

This research is a quantitative research that aims to analyze company’s  inancial performance using Altman Z Score and also to determine the effect of the Altman Z Score variable on stock prices. The population in this study are consumer goods industry companies in 2016-2017 which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The samples taken were 72 companies with purposive sampling method. The analysis technique used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with IBM SPSS 23 program and a significance level of 5% (0.05). The results of this study indicate that (1) Z score of 72 samples of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2016 2017 Obtained 4 companies in the unhealthy category, 9 companies in the gray area category (unsound), and 59 companies in the healthy category (2) RETA, EBITA, and BVEBVTL variables affect stock prices while WCTA and Z Score variables do not affect stock prices.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Tiga Program Pokok Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah (Trias UKS) di Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri 1 Sleman, Yogyakarta Tahun 2016
Authors: Lestari Dara Puspita , Puspitawati Theresia , Anwar Choirul
Published: July 2019

Kondisi kesehatan anak dengan disabilitas sangat kompleks, sehingga memerlukan pendekatan secara khusus dalam penanganannya. Mereka merupakan kelompok yang rentan, sehingga perlu ada upaya yang dilakukan untuk  mengatasi  hal  tersebut.    Salah  satu  upaya  yang  dapat  dilakukan  yaitu  melalui  program  Usaha Kesehatan  Sekolah.  Namun,  pada  kenyataannya  SLB  merupakan  salah  satu  sasaran  UKS  yang  belum berjalan secara optimal. Sehingga apabila program UKS di SLB dapat diperbaiki, maka derajat kesehatan anak berkebutuhan khusus dapat meningkat.

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan tiga program pokok UKS di SLBN 1 Sleman Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini penelitian kualitatif, dengan desain atau rancangan studi kasus. Informan penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah informan yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan TRIAS UKS di SLBN 1 Sleman Yogyakarta. Informan diambil menggunakan teknik penarikan sampel variasi maksimum (Maximum Variaton Sampling).

Hasil Penelitian adalah (1)Pendidikan kesehatan telah   dilaksanakan   dengan   dilaksanakanya   penyuluhan   kesehatan   dan   pelatihan   serta   pembinaan. (2)Pelayanan kesehatan telah dilaksanakan diantaranya pemeriksaan kesehatan, UKGS untuk pemeriksaan gigi saja, P3K dan P3P serta imunisasi. (3)Pembinaan lingkungan sekolah sehat telah dilaksanakan dengan melakukan kegiatan kebersihan lingkungan sekolah, penataan halaman, melakukan penghijauan dan apotek hidup. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih terdapat beberapa aspek yang tidak sesuai dengan pedoman. Hal ini dipengaruhi beberapa hambatan yang terdiri dari SDM, Anggaran, Belum ada Petunjuk Teknis dan sarana serta prasarana yang belum lengkap. Dengan demikian Tiga program pokok UKS seluruhnya telah dilaksanakan oleh SLBN 1 Sleman, namun masih terdapat beberapa ketidaksesuaian dengan pedoman dikarenakan beberapa hambatan.
Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Kepatuhan Pembatasan Cairan Pada Pasien Chronic Kidney Disease Yang Menjalani Hemodialisa
Authors: Intan Saraswati Ni Luh Gede , Sri Antari Ni Luh Yoni , Suwartini Ni Luh Gede
Published: July 2019

Background : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) merupakan kegagalan dalam fungsi ginjal untuk mempertahankan metabolisme serta keseimbangan cairan. Hemodialisa adalah salah satu terapi untuk mempertahankan kehidupan penderita. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan pada pasien CKD yang menjalani hemodialisa

Alat dan bahan: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif korelasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan April 2018. Jumlah sample sebanyak 69 responden, sample diambil menggunakan teknik sampling non probality dengan consecutive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuisioner dukungan keluarga dan pengukuran perubahan berat badan intradialitik serta pengolahan data menggunakan uji rank spearman Results: Hasil uji statistic didapatkan ada hubungan yang bermkana antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pembatasan cairan (p = 0,012, r = 0,299).

Kesimpulan: Walaupun korelasi antara dukungan keluarga dan kepatuhan dalam pembatasan cairan namun penelitian ini menunjukkan responden yang memiliki dukungan keluarga yang baik akan memiliki kecendrungan kepatuhan terhadap pembatasan cairan yang lebih baik