bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shrinking Space for Free Expression in Cambodia during Covid-19
Authors: Seewald Kate
Published: July 2020

In Covid-19, a vast number of countries have faced their biggest public health crisis in a century. For many such countries, the pandemic has emerged at a critical juncture following consecutive years of so-called democratic backsliding, where political space has narrowed and fundamental freedoms are under increasing threat. This trend is particularly observable within hybrid regimes under “Strongman” rule. A question posed by the Covid-19 crisis is the extent to which such regimes are taking advantage of the pandemic in order to hastily usher in new restrictions on human rights. Such leaders, it has been claimed, are actively capitalising on the crisis to further cement their rule, and to rapidly stock their arsenals with weapons of “lawfare” to more efficiently quash current or future dissent. A secondary, related question is the extent to which such accusations are being unfairly levelled against leaders of hybrid regimes for taking steps that liberal democracies are also taking without the same level of scrutiny from international observers. After all, the legitimate limitation by states of citizens’ exercise of their rights in times of exception is a norm firmly set out in international law. This article uses a case study of Cambodia, focusing on the impact of its Covid-19 response on the exercise of free expression. Applying the “three-part test,” it analyses whether Cambodia’s response falls within the permissible restrictions on freedom of expression during a time of normalcy (given Cambodia, at the time of writing, has not declared a state of emergency). It then also assesses whether Cambodia’s newly promulgated Emergency Law should be seen as a clear case of a hybrid regime exploiting Covid-19 to hasten restrictions on rights, or whether the criticism levelled against it is excessive, given the constitutional basis for such legislation and the critical nature of the Covid-19 pandemic.
ÍNDICE DE RISCO GEOLÓGICO UTILIZADO COMO APOIO AO PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E TERRITORIAL: ESTUDO DE CASO NO MUNICÍPIO DE NOVA LIMA, MG
Authors: Casagrande Pedro Benedito , Parisi Maria Giovana , Moura Ana Clara Mourão , De Sena Ítalo Sousa , Garcia Paula Brasil
Published: July 2020

O município de Nova Lima, em Minas Gerais, está localizado em área de grandes elevações altimétricas e declives acentuados. O município compõe a franja sul da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte e, sendo fronteira com a capital, tornou-se território de expressivo valor imobiliário. Por outro lado, Nova Lima integra a região do Quadrilátero ferrífero que destaca-se no cenário nacional pela grande riqueza mineral, especialmente ferro, ouro e manganês. O espraiamento e a verticalização urbana encontram-se lado-a-lado com a mineração, e ambos disputam espaço com elementos de interesse ambiental e de paisagem cultural, o que motiva a melhor compreensão do território e a análise diagnóstica e prognóstica das condições de risco geológico. O Índice de Risco Geológico é apresentado no trabalho como um método aplicável por tecnologias de geoprocessamento que tem como objetivo o subsídio para a tomada de decisões sobre a expansão urbana da região, e pode ser indicado como um modelo de análise espacial aplicável a outros estudos de caso no Brasil, como suporte ao planejamento territorial de áreas caracterizadas por relevo e substrato geológico complexo.
CONECTIVIDADE DA PAISAGEM E A DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE PLAINOS ALUVIAIS EM AMBIENTE SEMIÁRIDO
Authors: Almeida Joana Darc Matias de , Correa Antonio Carlos de Barros
Published: July 2020

A questão do transporte de água e sedimentos pela paisagem constitui um aspecto essencial para a compreensão da dinâmica ambiental. Neste sentido, é fundamental o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que visem a aplicação de metodologias de análise que permitam compreender a dinâmica de transferência de materiais ao longo dos sistemas de drenagem, buscando propostas aplicáveis à gestão ambiental e de recursos hídricos de maneira integrada. Dentre essas está a abordagem da conectividade da paisagem, vista como a capacidade de transmissão de energia e matéria ao longo dos compartimentos da paisagem. Diante disso, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo identificar as relações dinâmicas entre a conectividade da paisagem em ambiente semiárido e a distribuição de diferentes tipologias fluviais, a partir da análise dos plainos aluviais. Este tipo de pesquisa é ainda importante, pois no contexto de escassez de água para o abastecimento de comunidades rurais, foi realizada a construção difusa de barramentos ao longo dos canais efêmeros, com o intuito de estocar água das chuvas. Esses barramentos constituem impedimentos para a livre circulação de energia e matéria na paisagem, resultando na estocagem de sedimentos que contribuem para o desenvolvimento de plainos aluviais à sua montante. A pesquisa foi conduzida na bacia do Riacho Grande, localizada no semiárido do estado de Pernambuco, entre os munícipios de Serra Talhada, Calumbi e Flores. A metodologia aplicada foi alicerçada na construção de um mapeamento geomorfológico de detalhe, integrado ao uso e cobertura da terra, com o intuito de estabelecer as relações entre as unidades morfológicas e a distribuição de elementos de desconexão fluvial; sejam esses de origem natural ou antropicamente condicionados. A tipologia fluvial da bacia fluvial semiárida em análise é influenciada primordialmente pelos elementos de desconexão, que refletem tanto controles estruturais, como antrópicos, sobretudo quanto às ligações longitudinais, devido à alta distribuição de barragens na bacia, que resultam na acumulação de plainos aluviais antropogênicos.
ANÁLISE MORFOMÉTRICA EM BACIAS AFETADAS POR FLUXOS DE DETRITOS NA REGIÃO SERRANA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Lima Ingrid Ferreira , Fernandes Nelson Ferreira , Vargas Junior Eurípedes do Amaral
Published: July 2020

Os processos geomorfológicos relacionados a fluxos de detritos são os mais catastróficos da natureza devido à sua alta velocidade, energia cinemática e grande volume de sedimentos mobilizados. Os danos e os prejuízos econômicos provocados por este movimento têm sido significativos para vidas humanas, terras agrícolas, assentamentos e propriedades. Portanto, é essencial compreendermos as características das áreas fonte e áreas de deposição para planejar a mitigação de desastres. Índices morfométricos na escala de bacia são bastante úteis para compreender a iniciação, propagação e deposição de fluxo de detritos, melhorando a avaliação da suscetibilidade e geração de mapas de perigos. Este artigo caracteriza os índices morfométricos nas áreas que ocorreram os fluxos de detritos que afetaram quatro bacias (Cuiabá, Príncipe, Vieira e D’Antas) situadas no reverso da Serra do Mar fluminense. Os índices incluem o Ângulo de Encosta, Índice Topográfico de Umidade (ITU), Índice de Potência Unitária de Corrente (IPUC) e Fator Topográfico (LS). Os índices morfométricos foram derivados de modelos digitais de terreno (12,5-m de resolução) usando ambiente de Sistema de Informações Geográficas. Os resultados mostram que o fluxo de detritos foi deflagrado em amplitude >1.200 m, Ângulos de Encosta >45°, por escorregamentos nos taludes laterais ou na cabeceira de drenagem e desenvolvidas no canal principal com valores altos de ITU, IPUC e LS. Os fluxos de detritos foram depositados em Ângulos de Encosta <2° em bacias com altos valores de ITU e IPUC (exceto Príncipe e Vieira) e baixos valores de LS. Portanto, os índices indicaram as classes críticas para a ocorrência das fases de fluxos dos detritos das bacias analisadas.
ANALYSIS OF SHALLOW LAKE SEDIMENTS IN THE FILDES PENINSULA, KING GEORGE ISLAND, MARITIME ANTARCTICA
Authors: De Medeiros Galvão Janayna Cynthia , Vieira Rosemary , Da Rosa Kátia Kellem , Petsch Carina , Ferreira Fabrício , Sandes de Oliveira Allan , Cardia Simões Jefferson
Published: July 2020

O trabalho analisa a área deglaciarizada da Península Fildes, ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima, baseada na interpretação de sedimentos lacustres rasos. A distribuição do tamanho das partículas da fração areia foi obtida pelo analisador CAMSIZE e a fração silte foi verificada com o granulômetro a laser Malvern Mastersizer. As concentrações dos principais elementos foram determinadas por Espectroscopia de Raios-X por Dispersão de Energia, em fração granulométrica <0,062 mm. A composição mineralógica foi determinada por difração de raios-X utilizando o difratômetro de Raios-X Brucker D8 Advance. Índice de Alteração Química e Índice de Alteração do Plagioclásio foram aplicados. Si foi o elemento químico mais abundante nas amostras, seguido por Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Ti e K. IAQ e IAP apresentaram valores moderados entre 56,0-73,8 e 56,5-68,3, respectivamente, e aumentaram em direção sul da península, área deglaciarizada e exposta aos processos de intemperismo por mais tempo. Difração de raios X revela em todas as amostras minerais presentes nas rochas vulcânicas: andesina e olivina. Os resultados da Análise de Componentes Principais e Análise de Agrupamento sugerem que os sedimentos estão relacionados às rochas basálticas locais. Observa-se também a influência dos processos deposicionais nas características granulométricas e morfoscópicas dos sedimentos. As condições climáticas e topográficas desempenham um papel importante na composição e concentração dos elementos nos sedimentos dos lagos, uma vez que valores moderados de Índice de Alteração Química e Índice de Alteração do Plagioclásio são indicados.
SUSCETIBILIDADE AOS PROCESSOS DA DINÂMICA SUPERFICIAL NA RODOVIA ENTRE POÇOS DE CALDAS (MG) E ÁGUAS DA PRATA (SP)
Authors: Silva Leonardo Barbosa , Sardinha Diego de Souza , Tiezzi Rafael de Oliveira , Menezes Paulo Henrique Bretanha Junker
Published: July 2020

Os desastres naturais podem ter diferentes origens no ambiente, estando associados principalmente às características físicas do meio. Tais eventos impactam não apenas no meio ambiente, mas podem trazer danos à saúde e segurança da população, além de prejuízos financeiros e estruturais. O presente trabalho foi realizado em uma região de serra, sobre as rodovias BR-267 e SP-342, trecho que liga Poços de Caldas (MG) a Águas da Prata (SP), com o objetivo de analisar a suscetibilidade aos principais processos da dinâmica superficial. Para tal, foram levantadas informações da área de estudo para sua caracterização fisiográfica (clima, uso do solo, geologia, pedologia e relevo) através de ferramentas de geoprocessamento e observações em campo de 16 pontos representativos – 12 cortes de rodovia e 4 calhas de cursos d’água. Os processos com maior ocorrência foram às quedas de blocos (10 pontos), deslizamentos/escorregamentos (3 pontos) e movimentos translacionais (3 pontos) e solifluxão lenta, que também foi observada. De maneira geral, o trecho da rodovia se mostrou crítico quanto à ocorrência de eventos ligados a movimentos de massa, indicando que seus usuários se encontram expostos a riscos. Como medidas intervencionistas recomendam-se sinalização dos trechos de maior perigo e instalação de estruturas de contenção (guard-rail). Como medidas de gestão e planejamento, recomenda-se considerar os fatores de risco (declividade, evidências de movimentos) na revisão/elaboração dos Planos Diretores, a fim de evitar que tais perigos afetem a população e o desenvolvimento de atividades a longo prazo.
METODOLOGIA PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE SUSTENTABILIDADE HIDROAMBIENTAL PARA PROJETOS DE INTERVENÇÕES EM RIOS PERENES (MASRios): CONCEITO E ESTRUTURAÇÃO DO INSTRUMENTO
Authors: Carvalho Andreza Tacyana Felix , Cabral Jaime Joaquim da Silva Pereira
Published: July 2020

Para o julgamento da viabilidade de um projeto de intervenções em cursos d’água em análise pelos órgãos ambientais é necessário abordar os diferentes interesses ambientais, sociais e econômicos. O desafio para avaliações de impactos ambientais desses projetos consiste em considerar os diversos aspectos de sustentabilidade hidroambiental levando em conta a diversidade e complexidade dos sistemas fluviais. Desse modo, com a finalidade de dar subsídios e orientar equipes técnicas de órgãos ambientais no processo de licenciamento de projetos de intervenções em cursos d’água, esta pesquisa de caráter exploratório, descritivo e interpretativo, apresenta como resultado a Metodologia para Avaliação de Sustentabilidade Hidroambiental para projetos de intervenções em rios perenes (MASRios). Esta Metodologia proposta é um instrumento de abordagem semiquantitativa de avaliação de sustentabilidade que adota a bacia hidrográfica como unidade de análise territorial. Para isto, está fundamentada através da Classificação fluvial hierárquica de Horton (1945) modificada por Strahler (1952), da Dinâmica hierárquica de trechos desenvolvida por Frissel et al. (1986) e, dos Indicadores e Subindicadores de impactos hidroambientais propostos por Carvalho (2018). Por fim, destaca-se que este instrumento tem aplicação exclusivamente à avaliação comparativa dos impactos hidroambientais nos estágios pré e pós implementação de projetos de barragens, dragagens, retificações e requalificações em rios perenes de 1ª e 2ª ordem, a partir da aplicação de dados e informações na escala espacial de observação de 1:1.000 a 1:10-1.
RELAÇÃO SOLO-RELEVO EM SISTEMA PEDOLÓGICO ARGISSOLO-NEOSSOLO QUARTZARÊNICO NA REGIÃO NOROESTE DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ: CASO DE AMAPORÃ
Authors: Oliveira José Guilherme , Santos Leonardo José Cordeiro , Calegari Márcia Regina
Published: July 2020

A gênese dos solos está ligada a fatores presentes na paisagem, a variação nas suas características morfológicas está relacionada diretamente a diferentes processos de formação. O relevo é um dos condicionantes da pedogênese, remontando a ideia de que sua diversidade de formas influencia na formação e configuração espacial dos solos. No Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (SiBCS) os solos de textura arenosa possuem uma subordem que os engloba, sendo classificados como Neossolos em nível de ordem e Quartzarênicos (RQ) em nível de subordem. Os RQ representam cerca de 8 % do território nacional e estão distribuídos praticamente em todos os estados do Brasil, sua ocorrência é associada principalmente ao substrato geológico, como no caso do noroeste do Paraná, onde são desenvolvidos a partir dos arenitos do grupo Caiuá, onde é recorrente a existência de solos com textura arenosa localizados em fundos de vale. Desta forma, o presente artigo teve como objetivo descrever e ilustrar a arquitetura dos horizontes bem como a variação granulométrica do solo ao longo de duas topossequências, localizadas no município de Amaporã, noroeste do Paraná. Foi utilizado o método da Análise Estrutural da Cobertura Pedológica aplicado em duas topossequências (T1 e T2), o que permitiu verificar a distribuição lateral dos solos do topo até o fundo do vale por meio de sondagens realizadas a trado manual até 120 cm de profundidade. Para cada sondagem foram coletadas amostras nas profundidades de 0-5, 20, 50, 90 e 120 cm que posteriormente foram analisadas quanto a sua granulometria. As topossequências estudadas apresentam um sistema pedológico composto de duas classes de solo: Argissolos Vermelhos e Neossolos Quartzarênicos. Os Argissolos ocupam toda a porção superior e média das vertentes enquanto os Neossolos Quartzarênicos ocupam os fundos de vales. As variações granulométricas indicaram que ocorre um decréscimo das frações de menor dimensão, principalmente argila, à medida que o vale vai se instalando. Ocorre também uma transição gradativa na cor dos solos que passa de vermelho nas porções de montante para amarelos e esbranquiçados nas proximidades do vale. O sistema pedológico Argissolo Vermelho - Neossolo Quartzarênico foi interpretado como estágio final da evolução pedogenética para a região de estudo, produto dos processos de eluviação em subsuperfície, que exportam todo o material de granulometria fina e promovem uma consequente acumulação relativa de areia aos fundos de vale.
Dialogismo musical e o Tempo: o enunciado musical à luz das visões bakhtiniana e beriana
Authors: Vasconcelos Felipe Mendes de
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo explora a noção de dialogismo musical e a sua relação com o Tempo. Embora cada obra tenha seu contexto específico (sua época, sua cultura), ela não permanece aprisionada à sua contemporaneidade, seus contatos dialógicos se estendem ao passado e ao futuro e, por consequência, podem incidir ativamente sobre ambos. Para refletir sobre isso, este texto toma como eixo os pensamentos do filósofo e estudioso da linguagem Mikhail Bakhtin (que também transitava pela Música) e do compositor Luciano Berio (que tinha uma rica interlocução com os estudos da linguagem). Ao relacionar as propostas de Berio e Bakhtin, verificamos a plausibilidade de se observar o tempo como um todo simultâneo no qual os enunciados musicais podem interagir com o seu passado com a capacidade de modificá-lo e trazer consequências de volta para o futuro.
The Relationship Between Moral Ideals and Education
Authors: Wang Yiquan , Yue Xiaoyao
Published: July 2020

The relationship between moral ideals, politics, and education has been discussed by philosophers such as Machiavelli and Hobbes in their normative ideals associated with political realism, morals, and education. There is a symbiotic association between education, politics and morals ideal. This is because politics influences education and vice versa. The presence or lack of education impacts the combined values, goals, morals, and intellect of the body politic. In other words, the level of education in a society or the way the society is educated will influence the kind of people who will get into power and hold office and the moral ideals they will possess. Also, leaders getting into office need to possess good morals that can be acquired through education. Besides, it will determine the strategy used to get people into office and how much control and power those in office have. Education also determines the type of laws and morals that are deliberated sensible and insensible and how those who have been elected to represent the society or country will establish, promote, and govern educational institutions. There is a connection between Machiavelli and Hobbes’ moral ideals and education as identified in this paper. This essay uses “generation Z” students in higher education to show how Hobbes’s educational theories and moral ideals apply in the real world. In his educational theory, Hobbies suggests that teachers should use methods of teaching take into consideration the characteristics of the generation Z and also the curriculum should include the teaching of morals because this generation is going through many challenges.
Extensification en élevage ovin viande par agrandissement des surfaces fourragères. Résultats zootechniques et économiques de 5 ans d’expérience dans le Massif Central Nord
Authors: THERIEZ M. , BRELURUT A. , PAILLEUX J.Y. , BENOIT M. , LIENARD G. , LOUAULT F. , DE MONTARD F.X.
Published: July 2020

L’Union Européenne encourage l’extensification des surfaces fourragères dans les élevages bovins et ovins, en vue de maîtriser les volumes de production et éviter la déprise. Mais cette extensification doit être menée dans de bonnes conditions afin de maintenir la productivité du troupeau et surtout ses résultats économiques, tout en conservant en bon état d’entretien les surfaces d’herbe. Un essai de longue durée (5 ans) a été mis en place dans un Domaine de l’INRA situé en montagne (800 m d’altitude), comparant deux troupeaux ovins de même effectif conduits avec une différence de chargement de 30 % (en UGB/ha d’herbe). Le protocole de conduite a été ajusté chaque année pour aboutir à la meilleure utilisation possible des surfaces de chacun des systèmes. L’extensification n’a pas entraîné de réduction des performances des brebis et a amélioré de 6 % le poids de carcasse des agneaux, malgré une diminution de 26 % de la consommation d’aliments concentrés et de 50 % des frais fourragers par brebis.
Sur l’ensemble de l’essai, le bilan économique est en faveur du système plus extensif. Le supplément de marge, obtenu pour les 3/4 grâce à la réduction des intrants, permet de faire face aux charges de structure entraînées par l’agrandissement. Les résultats du système extensifié sont plus irréguliers et exigent une anticipation plus forte des décisions, notamment dans une gestion pluriannuelle des récoltes avec constitution de stocks de report pour la sécurité. Les exigences de technicité sont au moins aussi grandes qu’en conduite intensive. L’expérimentation présente un potentiel de réussite, qui ne pourra être mis en oeuvre par les éleveurs qu’avec un accompagnement technique et aussi des mesures soutenant les systèmes extensifs comme la Prime à l’Herbe instaurée en France depuis 1993.
PELATIHAN CORELDRAW DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN WARGA BELAJAR PAKET C DI PKBM BINA MANDIRI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN NARKOTIKA CIPINANG JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Mutakim Jaenal
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman dan peningkatan keterampilan bagi warga belajar yaitu dengan menganalisis hasil belajar yang diberikan perlakuan (treatment) kepada warga belajar dilihat dari kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik dalam peningkatan keterampilannya dalam pembelajaran tersebut.Pelatihan merupakan hal ptning untuk membangun kemandirian dan keterampilan warga binaan.Masalahnya adalah pelatihan doi lokasi ini masih belum mampu membangun wawasan yang lebih luas, sikap mengtal dan kemandirian yang masih kurang.Diperlukan upaya untuk membangun pelatihan yang dapat menghasilkan adanya : peningkatan wawasan,dan sikap mental serta kemandirian yang optimal pada warga binaan.

Metode yang digunakan adalah metode experiment. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PKBM Bina Mandiri Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIA Narkotika Cipinang Jakarta timur pada bulan agustus 2012-bulan November 2012. Adapun yang menjadi sampel penelitian adalah warga belajar PKBM Bina Mandiri sebanyak 10 warga belajar. Instrument penelitian berbentuk pretest, posttest, dan angket (kuesioner). Validitas tes yang digunakan adalah validitas isi, sedangkan reabilitas menggunakan rumus product moment.Instrument yang digunakan berupa angket (kuesioner) dimana sebelumnya sudah dilakukan uji validitas dengan menggunakan rumus person product moment. Hasil rumus tersebut dari 26 pertanyaan yang terdapat kuesioner ada 1 pertanyaan yang dinyatakan tidak valid, yang lainnya dinyatakan valid. Kemudian dilakukan uji reliabilitas yang diukur dengan rumus Alpha Cronbach sehingga didapat hasil r hitung > r tabel = 0.97 > 0.632. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan adanya terdapat peningkatan keterampilan dalam pemahaman hasil belajar dalam memberikan pelatihan tentang pelatihan coreldraw dalam meningkatkan keterampilan pada warga belajar PKBM Bina Mandiri Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas IIA Narkotika Cipinang Jakarta timur.
تعليم اللغة العربية في مشكلة المدرب باللغة الأجنبية.
Authors: Afkar Muh Lubabul , Isnawati Zakiyyah
Published: July 2020

تعلم اللغة العربية بكل مشاكلها مجموعة متنوعة من النماذج والمناهج التي يجب أن يقوم بها المعلمون. كما ساهمت فجوة الكفاءات الأولية بين كل طالب في مجموعة دراسة واحدة وخلفيته التعليمية المتنوعة في مشكلة المدرب لهذه اللغة الأجنبية. بمحاولة العثور على علاقة بين الكفاءات الأساسية للغة العربية التي كان لدى الطلاب السابقين بالظروف الحقيقية للوحدة التعليمية المعنية ، تحاول هذه الورقة أن تدرس بدقة تعلم اللغة العربية بما في ذلك ؛ مبادئ تعلم اللغة العربية ، المفاهيم الأساسية لتعلم اللغة العربية ، مهارات وأهداف اللغة العربية ، ومشاكل تعلم اللغة العربية. يتم تعلم المهارات الأساسية للغة العربية والتي تشمل (الإستماع) ، (الكلام) ، (القراءة) ، (الكتابة) من خلال الاهتمام بمستوى إتقان الطلاب أو الكفاءة الأولية. وبالمثل ، فإن اختيار المواد والمرافق التعليمية بالإضافة إلى اهتمامات الطلاب وملذاتهم هي الاعتبارات الرئيسية للمعلمين في تنفيذ التعليم باللغة العربية.

الكلمات المفتاحية: التعلم ، اللغة العربية ، تعلم اللغة العربية.
Sinergitas Self-Regulated dan Kemandirian Belajar Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Arab
Authors: Saidah Anifatus
Published: July 2020

This study aims to reveal the synergy of the relationship between self-regulated learning and learning independence of Arabic learning achievement among students of Madrasah Aliyah Muʹallimat Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta 2015/2016 academic year.

This research is a regression analysis research with quantitative approach. The population in this study were students of Class X Multilingual MA Muʹallimat Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta 2015/2016 academic year. The sampling technique is a purposive sampling technique that is 120 students in multilingual classes which are divided into 3 classes, namely classes C, D and E who settled in the dormitory. This was done with a variety of considerations including the ability of researchers in terms of objectives, energy and time. The method of data collection is done by using observations, questionnaires / questionnaires, and documentation. To test the reliability of the instrument, it uses a validity and reliability test. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.00.

The results of this study state that there is a significant synergy between self-regulated learning and learning independence of the Arabic learning achievement of MA Muʹallimat Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta students. Self-regulated learning (X1) contributed 28.2%, the contribution of learning independence (X2) was 18.5% and the contribution of both together was 11.9% while the remaining 88.1% was influenced by other variables outside Research such as motivation, discipline, learning environment, methods, teaching style of teachers, supporting facilities and learning facilities. Of all the factors that support the success of learning achievement also requires strategies and persistent efforts in learning.

 
Fa'āliyyah Istirātijiyyah at-Ta'līm at-Ta'āwunī bi-Istikhdām Uslūb Irsāl ar-Risālah wa Ilqā` al-`As`ilah fī Ta'īm al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah li Tarqiyyati Mahārah al-Qirā`ah
Authors: Annas Azwar
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) untuk mengetahui penerapan strategi pembelajaran Cooperative Learning dengan Teknik Berkirim Salam dan Soal pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Membaca, 2) untuk mengetahui efektifitas penerapan strategi pembelajaran Cooperative Learning dengan Teknik Berkirim Salam dan Soal pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Membaca, 3) untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan dari penerapan strategi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus deskriptif melalui jenis penelitian deskriptif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan oleh peneliti ialah melalui teknik wawancara dan observasi langsung dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data menggunakan empat teknik analisis data yaitu: Pengumpulan data, reduksi data, display data dan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: 1) penerapan strategi pembelajaran ini dengan membagi 3 tingkatan, yaitu tingkat persiapan; tingkat proses; tingkat penutup. Pembelajar ini memberikan kesempatan siswa untuk melatih keterampilan, 2) Penerapan strategi ini dikatan efektif. Sebelum penggunaan strategi ini 12 dari 32 siswa mendapat nilai di bawah KKM. Sedangkng setelah penerapan strategi sebanyak 3 siswa belum melampui nilai KKM.  Keefektifan ini dibuktikan dengan jumlah siswa 32 sedangkang 29 siswa sudah melampui nilai KKM yaitu 65  disebut dengan “tuntas”. Dan sebanyak 3 siswa mendapat nilai kurang dari KKM 65 dikatan “belum tuntas”. 3) kelebihan dan kekurangan dari penerapan starategi ini. Kelebihan: melatih siswa untuk saling membantu yang lain dalam belajar dengan memberikan kesempatan yang lebih untuk saling berdiskusi tentang permasalahan, dan penerapan strategi ini memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa dalam menggunakan keterampilan bertanya dan membahas. Strategi ini sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan motivasi siswa untuk membaca soal yang wajib dia kerjakan. Kelemahan: keberhasilan strategi ini tergantung pada kemampuan kepemimpinan kelompok atau hasil kerja indifidu, dan kegiatan saling membantu ini menghabiskan waktu dalam pembelajaran karena harus mengatur tempat pembelajaran.
PENINGKATAN COUNSELOR COMPETENCE BAGI CALON GURU KELAS DI MI DAN SD DI ERA INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Janah Roikhatul , Ihtiari Dhiya Ayu Tsamrotul
Published: July 2020

Counselor competence is the ability (knowledge, skills and attitudes) that must be possessed by someone to help others who have problems, so that the problems faced are resolved. It becomes very important if a prospective class teacher in MI / SD must be able to have this competency. This research focuses on the study of increasing counselor competence for prospective class teachers in MI and Elementary Schools in the era of the industrial revolution era 4.0 which is carried out by universities that carry out basic education programs. This study uses a literature-based research method, which is conducted by studying and exploring various theories and practices through literature ranging from scientific journals, books, as well as various data and facts. The results of this study indicate that the Directorate of Islamic Education at the Ministry of Religion has presented all competencies that must be achieved by prospective class teachers. Managerial competence and general skills that must be possessed by prospective teachers in MI / SD classes are in accordance with the needs of a teacher in the era of the industrial revolution era 4.0, namely counselor competence, so that prospective teachers of MI / SD classes from Islamic tertiary institutions can be said to be able to become suitable class teachers with the industrial revolution era 4.0.
PENERAPAN QUANTUM TEACHING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS DAN PROBLEM SOLVER DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Nugraheni Yumidiana Tya , Firmansyah Agus
Published: July 2020

Islamic Education teachers predominantly use the lecture method in learning. This method is considered the best. Provision of teaching materials with one method for one semester or even two semesters makes children become bored. This research is to find out the application of the Quantum Teaching learning model to improve creativity and problem solving skills in Al-Islam subjects. This article is the result of a class action report. Sixth grade research place at SD Muhammadiyah Condongcatur, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This can be seen from the results of research, among others: can develop students' abilities in terms of solving problems and increase their creativity and encourage students to be enthusiastic in the learning process. This Quantum Teaching Model can encourage teachers to develop themselves in the learning process. The Quantum Teaching Model, which in the first cycle only gets 6 points, means the BT learning process (not yet seen). in Cycle II the learning process gets 8 points of the MT learning process (starting to look). In cycle I the results of the problem solving value is "lacking" (2.80) and creativity is lacking (2.61). In cycle II the results of the problem solving value are "enough" (3.22) and creativity is "sufficient" (3.21).
The influence of educational comics on the concept of static electricity toward student’s learning outcomes and communication skills
Authors: Dewantara Dewi
Published: July 2020

This article aims to investigate the effect of educational comics about static electricity on student learning outcomes and student communication skills. The research subjects were students of the Physics Education Study Program at Lambung Mangkurat University Academic Year 2019/2020. The research design used was one group pretest-posttest design. Student learning outcomes data obtained from student learning outcomes tests. Data on students' communication skills were obtained from observation sheets. The results of the pretest and posttest were then tested for normality and homogeneity which showed that the data were normally distributed and the variants were homogeneous. Then, the data were tested for the significance of differences using the paired t-test. The Sig (2-tailed) test results show a number below 0.05 so there is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest results. The effectiveness of the use of educational comics is tested using the N-gain test to determine its effectiveness category. The N-gain test result is 0.705 so the N-gain test result is categorized high. Overall student communication skills are included in both categories. This result is supported by students' responses to educational comics which are overall well categorized. This article concludes that there is an educational comic effect on static electricity towards student learning outcomes and communication skills.
Hubungan antara Tipe Kepribadian dengan Performansi Mengajar Guru TK dan RA
Authors: Ghufron Muhammad Nur , Risnawita S Rini
Published: July 2020

The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between
big five personality and performance of teachers in the kindergarten and Islamic
kindergarten. The subjects of this study were teachers in the kindergarten and
Islamic kindergarten Kudus. Samples (N=77) were collected through a convenience
sampling technique, and completed a questionnaire in the form of a scale. The
results of the study showed that there was a positive significant relationship
between extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and performance of
teachers in the kindergarten and Islamic kindergarten and in contrast there was a
negative significant relationship between neuroticism and conscientiousness and
performance of teachers in the kindergarten and Islamic kindergarten.
Pendekatan Living Values Education dalam Menanamkan Nilai Karakter Anak di RA Tiara Chandra Yogyakarta
Authors: Qadafi Muammar
Published: July 2020

LIVING VALUES EDUCATION APPROACH IN DEVELOPING CHILDREN’S CHARACTER AT RA TIARA CHANDRA YOGYAKARTA. This study aims to find out how the Living Values Education (LVE) approach in instilling the character values of children in RA Tiara Chandra Yogyakarta. The research used qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques carried out through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, while data analysis technique are through data reduction, data display, and verification. The results showed that RA Tiara Chandra has used the LVE approach for the past three years, starting with the training given to teachers and staff as role models for children, then involving parents and the community around the school area. Training of adults was the first step to guide children in developing character values. This step was quite effective and had a positive impact on the development of children's character values in RA Tiara Chandra Yogyakarta.
Regulasi Wakaf Di Indonesia Dari Masa Orde Lama Sampai Era Reformasi Dalam Tinjauan Politik Hukum
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Hadi Sholihul
Published: July 2020

One important factor that contributed to the style and development of waqf in Indonesia was when the state participated in regulating waqf policies through a set of positive laws. In the process of formulating the policy, the vision and direction of waqf policy is largely determined by how the ruling regime sees the potential and organization of waqf, both in terms of its interests and the interests of Muslims in general. This study uses a qualitative method with a legal political approach. This study concludes that the politics of waqf law in Indonesia with a span of time from the era of independence to the era of reform. It is evident that each regulation in accordance with the era has differences according to the political conditions behind it. There are regulations that have greater political factors compared to other factors. The following are characteristics of waqf legal regulations in Indonesia, using categorization: dominant, somewhat weak and weak.
Peta Distribusi Zakat, Infak, Dan Sedekah (Studi Developmental pada BAZNAS Kabupaten Jombang)
Authors: Hidayati Athi' , Chamim Muhammad , Huda Sokhi , Haryanti Peni
Published: July 2020

This study describes the maps and strategies of developing the distribution of zakat, infak, and alms (ZIA) in Jombang regency. To achieve this goal, the study used field qualitative and developmental approaches, and descriptive analysis technique. The zakat mustahik and the distribution target of infak and alms in Jombang are 71,421 pre prosperous families.  supporting factors: (1) the normative basis of the Qur’an and the Hadith; (2) juridical foundation in the form of zakat law; (3) structural support; (4) operational fund guarantee; (5) organizational management system supported by the availability of building, space, and representative work facilities, and its human resources; (6) cooperation network with agencies, companies, and universities in accordance with the needs of the ZIA distribution development program. Inhibiting factors cover: (1) no development of information media available to facilitate communication of ZIA distribution programs; (2) not yet available part of human resources needed according to requirement of distribution development; (3) not yet optimal management function and organizational management as the main strength of ZIA distribution programs.
GÊNERO, RAÇA E INVENÇÃO DE SI NUMA PÁGINA DO INSTAGRAM
Authors: Volkart Ana Caroline Czerner , Butturi Junior Atílio
Published: July 2020

Este artigo parte das discussões sobre o regime tecnobiodiscursivo e os racismos indiretos forjados na biopolítica para analisar os discursos de uma página pessoal na rede Instagram. Para fins de análise, tomamos como corpus as publicações da página entre 2016 e 2018. Nossa hipótese é de que a produção de si da personagem da página de Instagram analisada se dá num espaço ambíguo, entre a ancestralidade e os regimes de consumo, nos quais o corpo, a raça e o gênero funcionam como enunciados fulcrais. As análises descrevem os enunciados de transformação que a personagem deixa entrever e apontam para a intrincada relação entre a produção de si, a produção de resistências e as redes de captura e controle que, no interior dos dispositivos, atuam agonisticamente sobre o tecnocorpo e a tecnosubjetividade de Thallita, a proprietária da página em questão.
MULTILETRAMENTOS E AUTONOMIA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Authors: Kobayashi Eliana , Zampini Eugenio de Felipe
Published: July 2020

A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) do ensino médio (BRASIL, 2017) estabelece que o ensino de inglês deve abranger a utilização da língua na vida pessoal e profissional do aluno e expandir os seus repertórios linguísticos, multissemióticos e culturais. Diante disso, foi realizado um estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa em ensino de língua inglesa que busca promover os multiletramentos (COPE; KALANTZIS, 2009; ROJO, 2017) e a autonomia (BENSON, 2001; WARSCHAUER, 2002; LEFFA, 2003) dos alunos por meio de tarefas. Participam da investigação quatro alunos do ensino médio de uma instituição de ensino pública que realizaram três tarefas caracterizadas pelo desenvolvimento das habilidades comunicativas, utilização de recursos tecnológicos, exploração de fontes de informações, interação entre os participantes e expansão cultural. Tais tarefas foram elaboradas em conjunto pelos professores das disciplinas de língua inglesa e automação, que buscavam uma atuação interdisciplinar. Os resultados demonstram a promoção da autonomia dos alunos em aspectos como administração do tempo, seleção de formas de interação e recursos tecnológicos, e a prática de multiletramentos pode ser inferida pela promoção da consciência social e cultural por meios multimodais.
The Relationship Between Retroperitoneal Lymphadenectomy and Survival in Advanced Ovarian Cancer Patients
Authors: Fang Chenyan , Zhang Yingli , Zhao Lingqin , Chen Xi , Xia Liang , Zhang Ping
Published: July 2020

Background Systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy has been widely used in the surgical treatment of advanced ovarian cancer patients. Nevertheless, the corresponding therapeutic may not provide a survival benefit. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in such patients. Methods Patients with advanced ovarian cancer (stage III-IV, according to the classification presented by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) who were admitted and treated in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January 2004 to December 2013 were enrolled and reviewed retrospectively. All patients were optimally or suboptimally debulked (absent or residual tumor <1 cm) and divided into two groups. Group A (no-lymphadenectomy group, n =170): patients did not undergo lymph node resection; lymph nodes resection or biopsy were selective. Group B (n=240): patients underwent systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Results A total of 410 eligible patients were enrolled in the study. The patients’ median age was 51 years old (range, 28–72 years old). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 78% and 24% in the no-lymphadenectomy group and 76% and 26% in the lymphadenectomy group (P=0.385 and 0.214, respectively). Subsequently, there was no significant difference in 5-year OS and 2-year PFS between the two groups stratified to histological types (serous type or non-serous type), the clinical evaluation of negative lymph nodes or with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvic (IIIB-IV). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy was not a significant factor influencing the patients’ survival. Patients in the lymphadenectomy group had a higher incidence of postoperative complications (incidence of infection treated with antibiotics was 21.7% vs. 12.9% [P=0.027]; incidence of lymph cysts was 20.8% vs. 2.4% [P < 0.001]). Conclusions Our study showed that systematic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy did not significantly improve survival of advanced ovarian cancer patients with residual tumor<1 cm or absent after cytoreductive surgery, and were associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications.
LncRNA MEG3 rs3087918 was associated with a decreased breast cancer risk in a Chinese population: a case-control study
Authors: Zheng Yi , Wang Meng , Wang Shuqian , Xu Peng , Deng Yujiao , Lin Shuai , Li Na , Liu Kang , Zhu Yuyao , Zhai Zhen , Wu Ying , Dai Zhi-Jun , Zhu Gaixia
Published: July 2020

Background: LncRNA MEG3 expressed abnormally in various cancers including breast cancer, but no studies reported the correlation between MEG3 SNPs and breast cancer susceptibility among Chinese women. Methods: This study is aimed to explore the association between three SNPs of MEG3 (rs3087918, rs7158663, rs11160608) and breast cancer. The study is a population-based case-control study including 434 breast cancer patients and 700 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using Sequenom MassArray technique. Function prediction of rs3087918 were based on RNAfold and lncRNASNP2 databases. Results: Pooled analysis indicated that rs3087918 was related to a decreased risk of breast cancer [GG vs. TT: OR(95%) = 0.67(0.45-0.99), P = 0.042; GG vs. TT + TG: OR(95%) = 0.69(0.48-0.99), P = 0.046], especially for women aged <=49 [GG vs. TT: OR(95%) = 0.40(0.22-0.73), P = 0.02]. Comparison between case groups showed genotype GG and TG/GG of rs3087918 were associated with her-2 receptor expression [GG vs. TT: OR(95%) = 2.37(1.24-4.63), P = 0.010; TG + GG vs. TT: OR(95%) = 1.50(1.01-2.24), P = 0.045]. We didn’t find statistical significance for rs11160608, rs7158663 and breast cancer. Structure prediction based on RNAfold found rs3087918 may influence the secondary structure of MEG3. The results based on lncRNASNP2 indicated that rs3087918 may gain the targets of hsa-miR-1203 to MEG3, while loss the target of hsa-miR-139-3p and hsa-miR-5091 to MEG3. Conclusions: MEG3 rs3087918 was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer. MEG3 haplotype TCG may increase the risk of breast cancer.
Reduced polyfunctional T cells and increased cellular activation markers in adult allergy patients reporting adverse reactions to food
Authors: Sonnet Friederike , Namork Ellen , Stylianou Eva , Gaare-Olstad Ingvild , Huse Kanutte , Andorf Sandra , Mjaaland Siri , Dirven Hubert , Nygaard Unni
Published: July 2020

Background: The underlying cellular mechanisms causing adverse reactions to food are complex and still not fullyunderstood. Therefore, in this study we aimed to identify functional and/or phenotypical immune cell signaturescharacteristic for adult patients reporting adverse reactions to food.By mass cytometry, we performed high-dimensional profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) fromadult patients reporting adverse reactions to food and healthy controls. The patients were grouped according to sIgE-positive or sIgE-negative serology to common food and inhalant allergens. Two broad antibody panels were used,allowing determination of major immune cell populations in PBMC, as well as activation status, proliferation status,and cytokine expression patterns after PMA/ionomycin-stimulation on a single cell level.Results: By use of data-driven algorithms, several cell populations were identified showing significantly differentmarker expression between the groups.Most striking was an impaired frequency and function of polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in patients reportingadverse reactions to food compared to the controls. Further, subpopulations of monocytes, T cells, and B cells hadincreased expression of functional markers such as CD371, CD69, CD25, CD28, and/or HLA-DR as well asdecreased expression of CD23 in the patients. Most of the differing cell subpopulations were similarly altered in thetwo subgroups of patients.Conclusion: Our results suggest common immune cell features for both patient subgroups reporting adversereactions to food, and provide a basis for further studies on mechanistic and diagnostic biomarker studies in foodallergy.
Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá
Authors: Hurtado Lisbeth , Cumbrera Alberto , Rigg Chystrie , Perea Milixa , Santamaría Ana María , Chaves Luis Fernando , Moreno Dianik , Romero Luis , Lasso Jose , Caceres Lorenzo , Saldaña Azael , Calzada Jose Eduardo
Published: July 2020

Background: The present study provides a countrywide perspective of the malaria situation in Panama over a long-term framework, with the purpose of identifying historical malaria resurgence events and their potential causes. Methods: A descriptive-ecological study was conducted by analyzing demographic and epidemiological annual malaria time series data in Panamá (1884 – 2019) using several data sources. Malaria intensity indicators were calculated during the study period. We also analyze the effects of El Niño Southern Oscillation on malaria transmission using a retrospective analysis of malaria cases between 1957 and 2019. Results: Several factors were identified responsible for malaria resurgence in Panama, mostly related with Malaria Control Programme weakening. During the past 20 years (2000 – 2019) malaria has progressively increased its prevalence within indigenous settlements, with a predominance of male cases and a high proportion (15% of total cases) in children less than 5 years old. During this period a significant and increasing proportion of the P. falciparum total cases were imported. Our retrospective analysis (1957 - 2019) evidenced that ENSO has a significant impact on malaria transmission dynamics in Panama. Conclusions: Data analysis confirmed that although authorities have been successful in focalizing malaria transmission in the country, there are still neglected issues to be solved and important intercultural barriers that need to be addressed in order to achieve elimination of the disease by 2022. This information will be useful for targeting strategies by the National Malaria Control Programme.