bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential diagnosis of vulvar pruritus: Psoriasis and vulvar lichen
Authors: Brito Teixeira Izabel , Xavier Lazarini Paula , Laís Silva Érika , Túlio Andrade Silva Marco
Published: May 2024

Objective: To address some of the main pathologies that can bring the complaint of “itching” to the doctor's office: Vulvar Psoriasis, Lichen Sclerosus and Vulvar Lichen Planus. This recurring complaint in doctors' offices is characterized by itching or discomfort in the vulvar area, with a variety of causes. Methods: The research was carried out using a literature review based on data published on the CAPES Portal, SciELO and PubMed. Results: In the literature review it was possible to clarify that Vulvar Psoriasis, one of the differential diagnoses, is a chronic non-contagious dermatosis with intense itching, discomfort and scaling. Lichen Sclerosus, on the other hand, is a chronic dermal pathology of an intense inflammatory nature, with itching, pain and irritation of the mucosa, while Vulvar Lichen Planus is a chronic inflammatory disorder, with itching, pain, burning, dyspareunia and atrophy of the cultivar and vaginal architecture. Conclusion: This study concludes that failure to treat this complaint, which is common to all three conditions, has consequences that impact on the patient's quality of life.
Analysis of cerebral concussion in combat sports
Authors: Claro Renan Floret Turini , Testa Junior Ademir , Cassola Aline Russo , Dutra Amanda Alves , Fernandes Gabriel Terin , Campos João Paulo Stocco , Salles Mariana Merighi Moreira , Nunes Nathália Lima Araújo , Peruzzo Pedro Henrique Correa , Gomes Viviane Lúcia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Through the action of external biomechanical forces that cause a change in brain acceleration within the braincase, there is the possibility of a change in mental state. This may be accompanied by a brief period of amnesia known as cerebral concussion. For a concussion to be characterized, it is not necessary for there to be loss of consciousness. In combat sports, this change occurs frequently and deserves attention to preserve the integrity of the athletes. Objective: To analyze the levels of cerebral concussion in combat athletes: kickboxing , muay thai , boxing and mixed martial arts ( mma ) after impact to the braincase. Material and methods : This research has a semi-qualitative approach characterized as a clinical trial and analyzed the levels of cerebral concussion using the SCAT3 behavioral study . Results: Moderate physical, cognitive and emotional symptoms were found in boxing, MMA and k1. Severe symptoms were also found in k1 athletes, not being predominant during sleep. And, the muay group thai showed statistical differences for physical and cognitive classifications, which suggest that cerebral concussion occurred. Glove specifications, the use of head protectors and the period in which the athlete is exposed to repeated blows to the head become determining factors in quantifying concussion levels in combat athletes. Conclusion: The changes found point to an important cerebral concussion in combat sports, especially in the physical and mental aspects of muay athletes Thai .
Facilitating digital access: Development of an economically viable assistive device to assist people with upper limb dysfunction in the use of smartphones
Authors: Sales Emilly Oliveira , Tavares Flávio Roberto Pereira , Prist Mário Ferreira , Paula Milena do Socorro Pereira , Rodrigues Junior Jorge Lopes
Published: May 2024

Physical disability is the total or partial modification of one or more parts of the human body and directly interferes with physical function. This alteration consists of an impairment in the systems responsible for the body's mobility, which can make the individual depend on the help of other people to perform some activities, directly interfering with their subjective satisfaction. Thus, providing autonomy, within its potentialities, can favor the subject's self-esteem and well-being. Therefore, this research aims to develop a low-cost assistive device to improve the access and usability of smartphones by patients with physical dysfunction, being a qualitative study of a descriptive nature. The device was developed at the Assistive Technology Laboratory of the State University of Pará and its manufacture was divided into six phases. The adapted adaptation offers individuals with upper limb dysfunction a resource that aims at functionality, resistance and economic viability, assisting in the use of the smartphone and facilitating digital access. The importance of considering low-cost materials for the development of assistive devices is evidenced, with a view to democratizing access to assistive technology and resources to facilitate the performance of important activities and occupations.
Pedagogical methodologies in Science to facilitate the teaching and learning of children with autism
Authors: Cipriano Jéssyca Ananias , Duarte-Silva Erica
Published: May 2024

The present work aims to seek methodologies and interventions through the autoethnographic work of the present researcher, university student and mother of a 5-year-old non-verbal autistic child, to help students, with this condition, in overcoming obstacles, developing socialization, of speech, with Science teaching as its generating theme. The method used was ethnography of school practice, an ethnological method for non-anthropologists with educational objectives. It is based on a review of scientific and educational literature, interviews and fieldwork. The following teaching practices were developed below. Use of applications: (1) Tiny puzzle (memory game; alphabet soup with complete alphabet; association of animal sounds with their shape); (2) Syllabando (forming syllables; learning the shape of letters; forming simple words with syllables). The following educational games were also developed: (1) Dynamics with alphabetic magnet; (2) ‘The beach’ dynamic; (3) Fruit and vegetable dynamics; (4) Book “Textures of Nature”; (5) Discovering the cycle of life; (6) Using ready-made toys. Finally, the researcher carried out participant observation at the municipal event: 'Autism in our lives’. Aimed at fathers, mothers and guardians of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). As a result, it was noticed that after stimulating his skills with the dynamics described, the research participant with ASD then began to have a new skill, hyperfocus starting to ask him to identify the words for him and speak the letters that form these words. This behavior occurs in various places such as food packaging, street signs, at school or at home. Finally, the work established a form of non-verbal communication between the child and the researcher-mother, enabling communication for the autistic child, learning about the world around him and literacy. As for the mother-researcher, this research enabled access to scientific and social events aimed at families with members with ASD, carrying out a voluntary scientific initiation, preparing a course completion work, and completing the undergraduate course, promoting with mastery, new horizons for this very capable family, which needs so little access, from means of communication (verbal, non-verbal) to fundamental rights to education for children and women.
Analysis of the main labor problems faced by human capital within the marble factories of Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla
Authors: Guevara Miguel Ángel Luna , Tovar Edgardo Roldán y , Olmos Claudia Domínguez , Regules Behetzaida Martínez
Published: May 2024

According to the General Directorate of Mining Development (2015), the antecedents of the exploitation of marble in Mexico date back to the last years of the Porfirista period (1876-1911), particularly in the last two decades of the nineteenth century and in the first years of the twentieth century, there was a growth of the most representative cities around the world. with the consequent dynamism of the demand for construction materials, as well as industrial metals. In this context, some businessmen showed interest in taking advantage of this conjunctural moment, investing resources in our country in the exploitation, not only of traditional minerals such as gold, silver or copper, but also of other minerals that were in growing demand, among which was marble. Valles and Márquez (2004) state that the discovery of the marble in Tepexi de Rodríguez occurred during the construction of the highway in 1963 when General Antonio Nava Castillo was Governor of the State of Puebla. The extraction of marble began around 1964, based on the use of pickaxe, bar, spikes, train ladder jacks, and marro. According to Ros (2016), in the marble sector there are several labor problems that affect human capital. These issues can have a significant impact on worker productivity and well-being. The study carried out was of a mixed type with the purpose of analyzing the main labor problems faced by human capital within the marble factories of Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla, in order to define the current factors that affect the human capital in the work that is carried out in the marble industry of this locality, having an exploratory-descriptive scope. through a case study of a company located in that place, which began operations in 1970, taking a sample of 206 employees who worked in it. As identified in the study, the human capital within the analyzed company faces several problems that limit their labor well-being, it was also identified that there are still bad practices in the management of Human Capital, as well as the lack of training that is an important aspect in any industry or company. In addition, it should be noted that three of the main problems faced by human capital according to the mentions made by workers, firstly, are poor salaries and lack of benefits, secondly, health because there are no long-term disease prevention programs, and thirdly, the lack of occupational safety since there are no hygiene and safety programs that allow them to prevent latent risks throughout the country. the processing of marble.
Most commonly prescribed analgesic among 6 to 12-year-olds after extraction in paediatric dentistry - A retrospective study
Authors: Kethan Umakanth , Lakshmi Arthi
Published: May 2024

Background: Using their expertise in analgesics, the dentist should recommend the best prescription at the right dosage to reduce pain without going overboard.
Aim:  To determine the most commonly prescribed analgesics which are used post-extraction for 6 to 12-year-old children
Materials & Methods: A total of 4160 patient data was collected from OPD data from the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital of 6 to 12-year-old children who have gotten dental treatment and have received analgesic medication. The dentist should use his or her knowledge of analgesics to prescribe the most effective drug and appropriate dose to alleviate pain while avoiding overmedication. The treatment records of these patients were assessed and data was analyzed. Descriptive analysis and chi-square tests were performed.
Results: The majority of the patients (16.7%) were 9 years old. The most commonly prescribed analgesic was found to be paracetamol (56.6%). The most common combination drug prescribed to children was Paracetamol and Ibuprofen (19.5%). P value for the comparison between gender and age with different types of analgesics [0.0005 (<0.05)] was found to be statistically significant.
Conclusion: In both males and females, paracetamol was the most prescribed analgesic and most commonly prescribed analgesic, a combination drug; Paracetamol & Ibuprofen.
Harmine exhibits anti-apoptotic properties and reduces diabetes-induced testicular damage caused by streptozotocin in rats
Authors: Ghanbari Ali , Jalili Cyrus , Shahveisi Kaveh , Akhshi Nasim
Published: May 2024

Objective: Diabetes mellitus induces fertility problems in men, mainly because of increased free radicals. Natural resources are effective for male infertility treatment. This study investigated the effects of harmine, an alkaloid available in Peganum harmala L., on the male reproductive system of diabetic rats. Methods: We divided 32 rats into four groups, and eight were randomly placed in each group. For diabetes induction, the animals received 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. After 1 week, animals received 15 mg/kg of harmine (28 days; intraperitoneal). Histopathological examinations, serum levels of male hormones, levels of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the testes, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), insulin serum levels, fasting blood glucose levels, the apoptotic index, and semen analysis were assessed. Results: The diabetes group exhibited morphological changes in testicular tissue, significant decreases in the diameter of the seminiferous tubule, the Johnsen score, testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, insulin serum levels, and TAC in testicular tissue (p<0.01). Harmine treatment ameliorated the morphological changes in the testes and improved sperm parameters relative to the diabetes group (p<0.05). The NO and MDA levels in the testes, fasting blood glucose serum levels, and apoptotic index parameters were significantly elevated in the diabetes group, while in the diabetes+harmine group, these parameters were reduced (p<0.01). Conclusion: Harmine protects testicular tissue and sperm against diabetes-induced damage. This effect of harmine is associated with a rebalancing of the antioxidant capacity that subsequently decreases apoptosis in the testes.
The effects of vitamin C and vitamin B12 on improving spermatogenesis in mice subjected to long-term scrotal heat stress
Authors: Moeinian Nafiseh , Fathabadi Fatemeh Fadaei , Norouzian Mohsen , Abbaszadeh Hojjat-Allah , Nazarian Hamid , Afshar Azar , Soltani Reza , Aghajanpour Fakhroddin , Aliaghaei Abbas , Farahani Reza Mastery , Abdollahifar Mohammad-Amin
Published: May 2024

Objective: Scrotal hyperthermia poses a significant threat to spermatogenesis and fertility in mammalian species. This study investigated the effects of vitamin B12 and vitamin C on spermatogenesis in adult male mice subjected to long-term scrotal hyperthermia. The rationale is based on the sensitivity of germ cells and epididymal sperm to increased scrotal temperatures. While various factors, both internal and external, can raise the testicular temperature, this study focused on the potential therapeutic roles of vitamins B12 and C. Methods: After inducing scrotal hyperthermia in mice, vitamin B12 and vitamin C were administered for 35 days. We assessed sperm parameters, serum testosterone levels, stereological parameters, the percentage of apoptotic cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and glutathione (GSH) levels. Additionally, real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the expression of the c-kit, stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 (Stra8), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Pcna) genes.Results: Vitamin C was more effective than vitamin B12 in improving sperm parameters and enhancing stereological parameters. The study showed a significant decrease in apoptotic cells and a beneficial modulation of ROS and GSH levels following vitamin administration. Moreover, both vitamins positively affected the expression levels of the c-kit, Stra8, and Pcna genes.Conclusion: This research deepens our understanding of the combined impact of vitamins B12 and C in mitigating the effects of scrotal hyperthermia, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies for heat stress-related infertility. The findings highlight the importance of considering vitamin supplementation as a practical approach to counter the detrimental effects of elevated scrotal temperatures on male reproductive health.
Analisis Keamanan Jaringan Nirkabel Menggunakan Wireless Intrusion Detection System (WIDS)
Authors: Irfan Andi , Nusri Andi Zulkifli , Rachmat Zul , Wulandari Sri
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis kualitas jaringan nirkabel pada kantor DPRD Kabupaten Soppeng. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan tools Wireless Intrusion Detection System (WIDS) pada kantor DPRD Kabupaten Soppeng. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yang mengadaptasi metode System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) mulai dari tahapan perencanaan, analisa, perancangan dan implementasi dengan cara memahami dan menyeleksi keadaan dan proses yang dilakukan pengguna untuk dapat mendukung kebutuhan pengguna, setelah melakukan tahapan perencanaan dan analisa. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah metode Wireless Intrusion Detection System (WIDS) dengan menggunakan Wireshark sebagai Tools. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan wireshark dapat mendeteksi serangan yang dilakukan penyusup dengan melihat informasi dari hasil capture paket data yang dilakukan, mulai dari IP yang digunakan dan protokol apa yang digunakan. Setelah melakukan serangkaian pengujian dan analisis data, penggunaan metode WIDS dengan Wireshark, dapat mendeteksi serangan yang terjadi didalam sistem jaringan pada kantor DPRD Kabupaten Soppeng
ثورة العشرين في أدبيات المؤرخين العراقيين: دراسة تحليلية
Authors: يوسف الأحمدي د. حفظ الله يحيى
Published: May 2024

مثلت ثورة العشرين ضد الاحتلال البريطاني للعراق في 30 حزيران 1920م، أحد أهم الأحداث في تاريخ العراق المعاصر: إذ ترتب عليها تأسيس الدولة العراقية الحديثة، وشكلت نقطة تحول أساسية في سياسة بريطانيا تجاه الشرق الأوسط بصفة عامة. وتكمن أهمية الدراسة في كونها تتناول حدثاً تاريخياً هاماً لا يزال موضع جدل بين الباحثين والمؤرخين، ومن ثم يمكن لهذه الدراسة أن تسهم في إزالة الغموض الذي يكتنف الكثير من تفاصيل تلك الثورة. وتتمثل إشكالية الدراسة في وجود تناقض كبير بين الروايات التاريخية لثورة العشرين في أدبيات المؤرخين العراقيين، الأمر الذي يلقي بظلال من الشك والغموض حول أحداث تلك الثورة، والأطراف الفاعلة فيها ونتائجها، ويثير علامات الاستفهام حول الدوافع الحقيقية لتلك الروايات التي قد يجافي بعضها حقيقة الوقائع التاريخية. ولذلك عمدت الدراسة إلى تحليل تلك الروايات التاريخية والمقارنة بينها ، وتوصلت إلى عدة نتائج منها وجود شبه إجماع بين المؤرخين العراقيين على الطابع الوطني لثورة العشرين، وأن الثورة كانت نتيجة لعوامل وأسباب داخلية بالأساس، وأن الدوافع الوطنية والقومية شكلت المحرك الرئيس للثورة في حين مثلت الدوافع الدينية والقبلية، دوافع ثانوية مساعدة، وأن ثورة العشرين أفضت إلى تأسيس الدولة العراقية الحديثة، رغم أن ثمار الثورة جنتها أطراف سياسية لم يكن لها دور كبير فيها.
Biochemical Alterations and Antioxidant Levels in Patients Living with HIV
Authors: Bhimte Bhawna , Patil Ranjit , Jagat Rakesh , Verma Hemant , Nawaz Daniya , Kalita Bubul
Published: May 2024

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), is a contagious disease of the immune system caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Present study aimed to find out biochemical parameters and antioxidant status of people living with HIV with or without co-morbidities. Total 110 patients enrolled in the study, maximum had no co-morbidities 56%, while 30% had tuberculosis. Majority of the patients were unemployed (35.5%) while 21.8% were unskilled workers. Total serum bilirubin (0.95 ± 0.51), total protein (7.22 ± 1.07) and alkaline phosphatase levels (134.52 ± 64.38) were found to be increased while serum albumin level was found to be decreased slightly (4.17 ± 0.79). Total antioxidant level was found to be reduced with or without co-morbidities in HIV patients. The study concluded for regular monitoring of biochemical parameters and antioxidant levels for better management of peoples living with HIV.
Induced Mutation: A New Paradigm in Pulse Weed Control Strategies
Authors: Naveed Mahak , Azeem Asad Muhammad , Sayyam Tariq Muhammad , Aslam Mariyah
Published: May 2024

Pulses hold a remarkable significance by providing affordable source of dietary protein and other vital nutrients. However, various biotic (weeds, pathogens, and insect infestation) and abiotic (temperature, nutrient stress, waterlogging, drought, salinity, and heavy metals) constraints induce substantial harm by decreasing its production. Weeds pose a significant global challenge as these not only compete with crop for vital resources such as sunlight, space, nutrients, and water but also attract other pests and pathogens that can harm the pulse crops. The weed–crop intervention varies significantly based on the crop type, topography, and soil characteristics. The implementation of chemical weed control strategies not only revolutionized the global agriculture but also widely acknowledged as an essential tool in accelerating crop productivity. Pre-emergent herbicides are easy to get in the market; however, the lack of post-emergence herbicides for certain pulses is of primary concern. The use of alternative weed control chemicals not just eradicates weeds but the risk of damaging the pulse crop may persist. The development of herbicide-resistant crop using modern techniques is the current objective of plant researchers. For this aim, induce mutation stands out the most cost-effective and reliable option, which can be accomplished using both physical and chemical mutagens.
Sustaining Sub-bandgap Photons via Upconversion for Solar Splitting Cells
Authors: Kumar Verma Amit , Tripathi Prerna , Sudhir Kumar Sinha Akhoury , Singh Shikha
Published: May 2024

Conservation of the entire spectrum of the sun is crucial to raising the efficiency of solar splitting cells or any photochemical conversion. With the aid of upconversion nanomaterials, it could potentially be achievable. In general, solar splitting technologies are associated with numerous losses. Remarkably, inadequate utilization of the light spectrum is the primary cause of losses in photophysical processes. This is usually caused by a particular band gap in semiconductor materials, where higher-energy photons dissipate as energy and lower-energy photons, or sub-bandgap photons, are unable to be absorbed. The process of absorbing two or more photons and then emitting one photon with more energy than the sum of the individual energies of the previously absorbed ones is known as upconversion. Introducing an appropriate upconverter can significantly improve the photoconversion process’s efficiency. Efforts have been made in the past few years to enhance the efficiency, broad-range sensitivity, and activity of semiconductors by integrating upconversion systems. This chapter provides a detailed discussion of the upconversion strategies that have been used thus far to increase the efficiency of solar splitting cells. It will undoubtedly assist the researchers in advancing in this area.
Candida albicans: Pathogenesis and Secretory Pathways
Authors: Afzelius Pia , Proestos Charalampos , Behzadi Payam
Published: May 2024

Candida albicans is a member of the human host’s microbiome composition; therefore, it is recognized as a portion of the human host body’s normal flora in a homeostasis condition. However, when the host develops an abnormal condition, e.g., immune deficiency, C. albicans acts as an opportunistic pathogen. C. albicans has an effective arsenal of a wide range of virulence factors. Due to this knowledge, the enzymes construct a significant portion of substantial fungal virulence factors, which are made of proteins and play an essential role in fungal invasion, fungal-hyphal growth, and biofilm formation. An active secreted protein should be processed via the fungal secretion system, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and/or Golgi apparatus (GA). In other words, an active protein that acts as a fungal virulence factor should undergo several vital and pivotal maturation processes, including glycosylation and folding. In this chapter, we have a rigorous look at these processes, which directly determine the pathogenesis of C. albicans.
Internet of Marketing Things: A Fog Computing Paradigm for Marketing Research
Authors: Hornik Jacob , Rachamim Matti
Published: May 2024

Conventional market research is usually costly, time-consuming, scalability issue, and intrusive, and the generated data may have a short shelf life in fast-moving markets. The latest effort in delivering computing resources as a service to marketing researchers and managers represents a change from computing as an over-the-counter service that is obtained to computing as a service that is provided to users online, over the internet from very large databases. Managing the data and research produced by internet of things (IoT) devices, such as actuators and sensors, is a major issue faced by marketing research and executives when using an IoT system. This paper demonstrates how commonly used cloud-based IoT systems are challenged by the heterogeneity, large amount, and high latency shown in some cloud marketing ecosystems. We introduce academia and managers to a recent major development, “Fog Computing,” a transpiring computational framework that decentralizes strategies, applications, and data analysis into the network itself using a federated and distributed computing system. It converts centralized cloud to distributed fog by bringing computation and storage near the end user. Fog computing is regarded as a novel market paradigm which can assist artificial intelligence and marketing research and strategies, specifically for the architecture of more advanced research systems.
K takzvanému krácení vokálů v češtině
Authors: Sukač Roman
Published: May 2024

The author deals with the data contained in the Atlas nářečí českého jazyka – krácení vokálů publication. Using the old and obsolete methodology, the authors of Atlas claim that the differences in quantity can be attributed to various post-Common Slavic prosodic processes. The author of the presented text examines the mixed bag of data in Atlas and proposes that the quantitative differences are connected to the development of quantity in paradigms.
ỨNG DỤNG GIẢI TRÌNH TỰ GEN TRONG XÁC ĐỊNH KIỂU GEN ĐỘT BIẾN KHÁNG THUỐC ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM GAN VI RÚT B MẠN
Authors: Đỗ Hoàng Long , Nguyễn Thành Vũ , Lê Công Hành , Trần Đỗ Hùng , Trịnh Thị Hồng Của , Đinh Thị Hương Trúc , Lê Chí Dũng
Published: May 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Dưới áp lực chọn lọc của thuốc kháng vi rút viêm gan B trong thời gian điều trị viêm gan vi rút B mạn, các dòng vi rút có đột biến kháng thuốc sẽ xuất hiện và lan rộng gây nên tình trạng kháng thuốc và thất bại điều trị. Giải trình tự gen là kỹ thuật sinh học phân tử giúp xác định kiểu gen đột biến kháng thuốc này. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định kiểu gen đột biến kháng thuốc điều trị viêm gan vi rút B mạn. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Phương pháp chọn mẫu thuận tiện, 71 bệnh nhân viêm gan vi rút B mạn đang điều trị bằng thuốc kháng vi rút viêm gan B như lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir và tenofovir có HBsAg dương tính trên 6 tháng được chọn vào trong nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả: Hai kiểu gen B và C đã được xác định trên bệnh nhân viêm gan vi rút B mạn đang điều trị thuốc kháng vi rút viêm gan B với tỷ lệ theo thứ tự lần lượt là 73,2% và 26,8%. Tỷ lệ đột biến kháng thuốc của vi rút viêm gan B trên bệnh nhân viêm gan vi rút B mạn là 7%. Có 2 đột biến kháng lamivudine (V207M) và 1 đột biến kháng adefovir (Q215H) được phát hiện thuộc kiểu gen B. Trong kiểu gen C, phát hiện được 1 đột biến kháng adefovir (Q215H) và 1 đột biến kháng entecavir (S202I). Cả 2 kiểu gen B và C không phát hiện đột biến kháng tenofovir. Kết luận: Có 7% đột biến kháng thuốc của vi rút viêm gan B trên bệnh nhân viêm gan vi rút B mạn. Kiểu gen B có 2 đột biến kháng lamivudine (V207M) và 1 đột biến kháng adefovir (Q215H), còn kiểu gen C có 1 đột biến kháng adefovir (Q215H) và 1 đột biến kháng entecavir (S202I).
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ TÁC NHÂN VI SINH GÂY TIÊU CHẢY CẤP KHÔNG MẤT NƯỚC Ở TRẺ EM TẠI CẦN THƠ
Authors: Trần Quang Khải , Phạm Minh Quân , Trần Văn Vi , Đinh Thị Thúy Nga , Trượng Trung Hiếu , Nguyễn Thị Thùy Dương , Phan Thị Hồng
Published: May 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Tiêu chảy cấp là một trong những nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây tử vong ở trẻ em, đặc biệt là trẻ dưới 5 tuổi. Real-time PCR có khả năng xác định nhanh chóng và chính xác các tác nhân vi sinh gây tiêu chảy. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Mô tả một số đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và xác định tỷ lệ các tác nhân vi sinh gây tiêu chảy cấp không mất nước ở trẻ em tại Bệnh viện Nhi đồng Cần Thơ. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 119 ca bệnh nhi tiêu chảy cấp không mất nước. Kết quả: Bệnh lý thường gặp ở trẻ dưới 24 tháng tuổi (84,9%). Nam (56,3%) mắc bệnh nhiều hơn nữ (43,7%). Các triệu chứng lâm sàng thường gặp gồm sốt (80,7%), nôn ói (69,8%), và hăm hậu môn (60,5%). Đa số các trường hợp có chỉ số bạch cầu và hematocrit trong giới hạn bình thường. Real-time PCR có khả năng phát hiện tác nhân vi sinh lên đến 84,9%. Virus được xác định là tác nhân gây tiêu chảy phổ biến nhất (68,1%). Tác nhân hàng đầu là Rotavirus (47,1%), kế đến là Escherichia coli (28,6%), Campylobacter coli (10,1%), Adenovirus (9,3%), Salmonella sp (8,4%) và Shigella sp (8,4%). Kết luận: Tiêu chảy cấp không mất nước thường gặp ở trẻ dưới 24 tháng tuổi với sốt và nôn ói là hai triệu chứng gặp nhiều. Real-time PCR có khả năng phát hiện cao tác nhân vi sinh gây tiêu chảy cấp không mất nước ở trẻ em. Virus là tác nhân gây tiêu chảy phổ biến nhất, hàng đầu là Rotavirus. Do đó, kháng sinh không phải là điều trị chính cho tiêu chảy cấp không mất nước; và phòng ngừa Rotavirus cho trẻ vẫn là điều vô cùng quan trọng.
NGHIÊN CỨU TỶ LỆ, ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG NHIỄM BỆNH KÝ SINH TRÙNG ĐƯỜNG RUỘT TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN NỘI TRÚ TẠI KHOA NỘI TIÊU HÓA–HUYẾT HỌC LÂM SÀNG BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TRUNG ƯƠNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2022-2023
Authors: Lê Thị Cẩm Ly , Nguyễn Thị Yến Ngọc , Lê Thảo Chân , Trần Gia Nhập , Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Duyên , Đào Lê Mỹ Hạnh
Published: May 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Nhiễm ký sinh trùng đường tiêu hoá vẫn còn phổ biến ở nước ta và gây ảnh hưởng đến sức khỏe con người, mặc dù tỷ lệ tử vong do các bệnh nhiễm trùng này tương đối thấp nhưng các biến chứng không phải là hiếm. Vì vậy nghiên cứu tình hình nhiễm ký sinh trùng đường ruột và ảnh hưởng của chúng là điều cần thiết. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm ký sinh trùng và mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng trên bệnh nhân nội trú tại khoa Nội tiêu hóa - Huyết học lâm sàng bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung ương Cần Thơ. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Gồm 97 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán nhiễm ký sinh trùng đường ruột bằng xét nghiệm soi phân trực tiếp, đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng, khảo sát yếu tố nguy cơ nhiễm ký sinh trùng. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ nhiễm ký sinh trùng đường ruột là 20,61%. Trong các trường hợp đơn nhiễm, tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm hạt men là 7,21%, nhiễm giun móc là 3,09%, Entamoeba histolytica là 2,06%, giun lươn là 1,03%, Blastocystis hominis là 1,03%, Entamoeba coli là 1,03%, Candida sp là 1,03%. Tỷ lệ nhiễm Entamoeba histolytica và nấm hạt men là 1,03%, Blastocystis hominis và nấm hạt men là 3,09%. Bệnh nhân có đặc điểm lâm sàng đau bụng (75%), tiêu chảy (80%) và cận lâm sàng tăng eosinophil (65%). Kết luận: Nhiễm ký sinh trùng đường ruột chủ yếu là nấm hạt men, Blastocystis hominis, giun móc. Đặc điểm lâm sàng thường gặp là đau bụng và tiêu chảy. Tăng eosinophil là dấu chứng gợi ý nhiễm ký sinh trùng đường ruột.
ĐỊNH HƯỚNG TÁC NHÂN VI SINH VẬT GÂY TIÊU CHẢY CẤP TRẺ EM: VAI TRÒ CỦA BẠCH CẦU MÁU VÀ C-REACTIVE PROTEIN
Authors: Trần Quang Khải , Nguyễn Thị Hương Trà , Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Tiên , Trần Văn Vi , Ngô Đắc Tuấn
Published: May 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Bạch cầu máu và C-reactive protein (CRP) là các dấu ấn sinh học phản ánh quá trình viêm. Việc định hướng tác nhân vi sinh vật gây tiêu chảy cấp ở trẻ em dựa vào dấu ấn sinh học được kỳ vọng. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định giá trị bạch cầu máu, CRP, tỉ lệ tác nhân vi sinh vật gây bệnh tiêu chảy cấp ở trẻ dưới 5 tuổi; xác định mối liên quan giữa bạch cầu máu, CRP với các nhóm tác nhân gây bệnh. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên 74 trẻ trẻ từ 2 tháng – 5 tuổi được chẩn đoán tiêu chảy cấp tại khoa Tiêu hóa Bệnh viện Nhi đồng Cần Thơ từ tháng 12/2022- tháng 08/2023. Kết quả: Virus là tác nhân hàng đầu (41,9%), kế đến là đồng nhiễm vi khuẩn-virus (21,62%), nhiễm vi khuẩn (18,91%), nhiễm vi sinh vật khác (4%). Trong đó bốn tác nhân gây tiêu chảy cấp được phát hiện bằng Real-time PCR nhiều nhất là Rotavirus group A (41,9%), STEC, EPEC, Salmonella. Bạch cầu tăng chiếm 32,4%, CRP tăng chiếm 59,5%. Không có mối liên quan giữa số lượng bạch cầu và mức CRP ở trẻ mắc tiêu chảy do tác nhân vi khuẩn và virus (p>0,05). Kết luận: Virus là tác nhân hàng đầu gây tiêu chảy cấp ở trẻ em dưới 5 tuổi. Bạch cầu máu và CRP không có vai trò định hướng tác nhân vi sinh vật gây bệnh. Do đó, chẩn đoán vi sinh dựa vào bạch cầu máu và CRP trên đối tượng này nên được xem xét cẩn thận.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CRP VÀ GIÁ TRỊ CHỈ SỐ NLR TRONG ĐỢT CẤP BỆNH PHỔI TẮC NGHẼN MẠN TÍNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ NĂM 2023 – 2024
Authors: Trần Trọng Anh Tuấn , Trần Thị Bảo Yến , Đỗ Thị Thanh Trà , Đổ Gia Huy , Dương Thị Anh Thư , Phùng Ngọc Do
Published: May 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Tỉ số bạch cầu đa nhân trung tính và bạch cầu lympho (neutrophile to lymphocyte ratio – NLR) trong đợt cấp bệnh phổi tắc nghẽn mạn tính (COPD) là một khái niệm khá mới, y văn thế giới và Việt Nam còn chưa có nhiều nghiên cứu liên quan. Nếu có cũng chỉ ở mức một trung tâm hoặc bản đồng thuận chuyên gia. Riêng ở Cần Thơ, chúng tôi ghi nhận rất ít nghiên cứu tương tự. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, CRP và giá trị của chỉ số NLR trong đợt cấp COPD nhập viện. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu 75 người bệnh đợt cấp COPD điều trị tại khoa Nội Tổng hợp, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ từ tháng 5/2023 đến tháng 5/2024. Các chỉ tiêu nghiên cứu chính: Về đặc điểm lâm sàng, CRP: ghi nhận các biến số đánh giá độ nặng đợt cấp COPD, giá trị CRP; về giá trị của NLR: ghi nhận các biến số của công thức máu và NLR, kết quả cấy đàm và số đợt cấp trong 3 tháng tiếp theo. Kết quả nghiên cứu: Tuổi trung bình là 71,9 ± 9,4 tuổi, nam giới chiếm 96,0%. Biểu hiện khó thở chiếm 92,0% người bệnh, còn lại là các triệu chứng khác. Giá trị CRP trung vị là 25,2 mg/L. NLR có giá trị trung bình trong dự đoán kết quả cấy đàm dương tính và giá trị khá trong dự đoán đợt cấp trong 3 tháng tiếp theo, với diện tích dưới đường cong AUC lần lượt là 0,64 và 0,78. Kết luận: NLR có thể giúp dự đoán khả năng cấy đàm dương tính và nguy cơ đợt cấp COPD trong 3 tháng tiếp theo.
THỰC HÀNH VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN VIỆC TIÊM NGỪA VẮC XIN HPV Ở HỌC SINH TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG LONG MỸ TẠI THỊ XÃ LONG MỸ, TỈNH HẬU GIANG NĂM 2023
Authors: Lê Hữu Diễm Trinh , Nguyễn Thuý Anh , Võ Trí Nam , Nguyễn Hoàng Nhi , Trần Tú Nguyệt
Published: May 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Human papillomavirus gây bệnh truyền nhiễm qua đường sinh dục, gây ra các bệnh lành tính hay ác tính ở cả nam và nữ. Việc ngăn ngừa nhiễm Human papillomavirus có nhiều biện pháp, trong đó tiêm ngừa vắc xin là hữu hiệu. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định tỷ lệ tiêm vắc xin phòng nhiễm Human papillomavirus và một số yếu tố liên quan đến thực hành tiêm vắc xin ở học sinh Trung học phổ thông Long Mỹ tại thị xã Long Mỹ, tỉnh Hậu Giang năm 2023. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 337 học sinh bằng phương pháp chọn mẫu chùm. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ tiêm vắc xin phòng nhiễm Human papillomavirus ở học sinh Trung học phổ thông Long Mỹ là 5,3%. Phân tích cho thấy, đối tượng có cha làm nghề “Làm ruộng, chăn nuôi, buôn bán” có thực hành chung chưa đúng cao hơn nhóm “Viên chức, công chức”; trình độ học vấn của cha ở mức “Cấp 1 và 2” có thực hành chung chưa đúng cao hơn “Cấp 3 trở lên”(p<0,05). Học sinh có từng nghe hoặc tìm kiếm thông tin về vắc xin cũng có thực hành chung cao hơn nhóm chưa từng (p<0.05). Kết luận: Tỷ lệ tiêm vắc xin phòng nhiễm Human papillomavirus ở học sinh Trung học phổ thông Long Mỹ rất thấp. Các yếu tố giới tính, trình độ học vấn, nghề nghiệp của cha học sinh, từng nghe, tìm kiếm thông tin về vắc xin có mối liên quan thuận chiều với thực hành đúng.
NGHIÊN CỨU TÁC DỤNG ỔN ĐỊNH ĐƯỜNG HUYẾT TRÊN MÔ HÌNH IN-VITRO VÀ IN-VIVO CỦA CAO CHIẾT THÙ LÙ CẠNH (PHYSALIS ANGULATA L.)
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Duyên , Dương Xuân Chữ , Đặng Duy Khánh , Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Vân , Võ Thanh Toàn , Phạm Ngọc Ngà , Lê Đỗ Trúc Ngân , Nguyễn Thị Thanh Hiền , Dương Tuyết Ngân
Published: May 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Thù lù cạnh (Physalis angulata L.) là loài thực vật thường được sử dụng trong y học cổ truyền, phổ biến ở các khu vực nhiệt đới ở Châu Phi, Châu Á và Châu Mỹ. Thù lù cạnh được biết đến như một loại dược liệu với nhiều hợp chất có hoạt tính sinh học như flavonoid, acid phenolic, physalin, Tuy nhiên, hiện nay trong nước vẫn chưa có nhiều nghiên cứu toàn diện về tác dụng dược lý ổn định đường huyết trên loài cây này. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: 1. Khảo sát khả năng ức chế enzym α-glucosidase trên mô hình in-vitro từ cao chiết thù lù cạnh; 2. Khảo sát tác dụng ổn định đường huyết của cao chiết thù lù cạnh trên mô hình in-vivo. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Thực hiện khảo sát hoạt tính ức chế enzym α-glucosidase và tác dụng ổn định đường huyết của cao chiết bằng nghiệm pháp dung nạp glucose trên chuột nhắt trắng ICR. Kết quả: Cao chiết lá thù lù cạnh đạt được hiệu suất ức chế enzym α-glucosidase cao nhất là 86,55% tại nồng độ 200μg/mL. Trong mô hình in-vivo, hai lô chuột dùng cao chiết ở hai liều 100mg/kg và 200mg/kg cũng thể hiện được tác dụng giảm rối loạn dung nạp glucose, trong đó liều 200mg/kg cho tác dụng ổn định đường huyết tốt hơn. Kết luận: Cao chiết lá thù lù cạnh có tác dụng ức chế enzym αglucosidase trên mô hình in-vitro, thể hiện được tác dụng ổn định đường huyết trong nghiệm pháp dung nạp glucose trên chuột trên mô hình in-vivo.
CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Das Anuj Kumar , Ahmed Dr. Syed Sazzad
Published: May 2024

Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is one of the most important algorithms used for computer vision task. CNN integrates feature extraction process along with classification. It can automatically extract features from images. Feature extraction is done through convolution operation in CNN. CNN also employs pooling operation for dimensionality reduction. Over the years researchers have proposed different architectures of CNN. The architectures differ based on the numbers of convolution layers, size of filters, number of pooling layers and activation functions used in the CNN model. LeNet 5, AlexNet, VGG16, VGG19 are some of the CNN architectures discussed here
A SURVEY ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PATHOLOGY
Authors: J Sanjay , B S Vishal , A P Dr. Jyothi
Published: May 2024

Pathology procedures include necroscopy, radiography, urinalysis, microscopic study of tissues, hematological assays, and anatomical pathology. Artificial intelligence is making an impact in the field of pathology; the developed approaches allow the computer to perform previously performed by humans. In this section, we offer a basic and implemented guidance for artificial intelligence approaches used in pathology, such as deep learning, NLP, digital image analysis, and next generation sequencing. Some of the major works include pathological voice classification using deep learning, the process of remote diagnosis using tele pathology to improve cancer pathology expertization, electronic medical records were used for storing patients pathology information as this process was lengthy and took time to access or retrieve information, and in-house development frameworks were developed to extract pathology data points. To eliminate scanner, focus inaccuracy, a no reference focus quality evaluation measure for digital pathology is being developed, as is a telepathology system incorporating an effective algorithm to show realistically. In contrast to traditional approaches in which pathologists had to manually evaluate photos for disease detection, AI has benefited in automating these activities. In this work, we explored several proposed ai strategies that are accessible and applied in the pathology department for improved, advanced, and accurate findings
A SURVEY ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN RADIOLOGY
Authors: Y G Vinayak , Patil Tushar Suhas , A P Dr. Jyothi
Published: May 2024

Radiology plays a major role in initial stage by diagnosing the cause of symptoms in a patient. There are various techniques used in Radiology such as X-Rays, Computed Tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan, etc. One can use Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms such as Deep Learning, to enhance the outcome of the scan results. Deep Learning methods such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Auto-Encoder have found application in areas where medical images are involved. As compared to traditional methods where radiologist had to manually analyze the images to assist the doctors; AI has helped in automating these tasks. In this article, we have discussed various proposed Deep Learning techniques that are available and being used by radiology department to get accurate and enhanced results. We explore the positive impact and limitations of the existing systems. Finally, we conclude with discussion on further areas of improvement.
STUDENTS ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE RESOURCES AND SERVICES OF SELECTED SOCIAL WORK COLLEGES IN WARDHA CITY – A SURVEY
Authors: Ghangare Dr. Milind B.
Published: May 2024

This study evaluates the present situation of social work college libraries in Wardha city regarding the resources and services of their respective college libraries. A questionnaire was used to collect required information and data from the students of the college under study. The analysis of the collected data covers the use of library resources, services and physical facilities available in the Libraries, Concludes that the student’s utilization of social work college library resources was observed to be functional since they use the Library to accomplish their study goals
ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS USING REMOTE SENSING AND ARCGIS
Authors: Goswami Yogesh Kumar , Pratap Yogesh , Shanu Kumar , Singh Hari Kumar , Kaur Inderpreet
Published: May 2024

In the present day, the majority of the world's population lives in urban regions. In developing countries, people are leaving rural areas and the muchknown fact is that the population is increasing quickly. In some years from now, the above-mentioned two factors will be considered to impel over 1.5 billion people in urban areas, which in some cases are already congested. The circumstances that many fresh urban dwellers find on arrival simply mix the circumstances. For the most part, urban growth falls outside proper planning controls, thus rising economic and social pressures and causing health and hygiene tribulations. The main rewards of Remote Sensing with GIS are to solve the problems caused due to overcrowding and make proper, landefficient, and sustainable urban models for cities. ArcGIS is a tool used for the analysis and mapping of regions and cities
OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONAL TRANSCONDUCTANCE AMPLIFIER (OTA)
Authors: Ahmad Shadab
Published: May 2024

An essential component of electronic systems is the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). A transconductor's job is to turn an input voltage into an output current. The transconductance amplifier can be set up to either amplify or combine currents or voltages. An OTA can be used in many electronic systems, such as oscillators, filters, and analog to digital converters, due to its versatility. An operational amplifier also uses an OTA as its core amplifier. Numerous analog systems are dependent on the OTA. In linear applications, OTAs are also more frequently utilized in openloop configurations devoid of negative feedback. This is because the high resistance at the output, which controls the voltage at the output and can be specifically set to prevent the OTA from reaching saturation even at relatively high differential input voltages, prevents the OTA from reaching saturation
PREDICTION BASED DYNAMIC LOAD BALANCING MODEL FOR DISTRIBUTED RENDERING
Authors: Patil Dr. G. V. , Bhopale Dr. S. D.
Published: May 2024

Rendering of animation is computational intensive errand. Rendering of complex scenes requires high computational power setup. In absence of high end computational setup rendering creates a big challenge for a computer animator to maintain quality of service. In present approach we solve this problem of complex scene rendering using prediction based dynamic load balancing mechanism. This model uses frame as a unit of distribution and does impartial distribution of animation frames among the computational nodes to achieve efficient rendering. Proposed prediction model utilizes Index, Glossiness, Light, width and height as a basic key attributes of rendering frame
Role of ChatGPT and Google Bard in the Diagnosis of Psychiatric Disorders: A Comparative Study
Authors: Fahmi H. kakamad  , Yadgar N. Abbas  , Hemn A. Hassan  , Dyari Qadir Hamad  , Sabah Jalal Hasan  , Diyar A. Omer  , Suhaib H. Kakamad  , Hussein M. HamaSalih  , Marwan N. Hassan  , Hawbash M. Rahim  , Rawezh Q. Salih  , Berun A. Abdalla  , Shvan H. Mohammed  , Yousif M. Mahmood
Published: May 2024

Introduction
The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical decision-making matrix has captured interest across diverse medical domains. This study aimed to juxtapose the decision-making patterns of humans and artificial intelligence regarding psychiatric disorders.
Methods
A set of case stories composed of 20 questions and the ideal answers were developed by a psychiatrist (the first author) based on International Classification of Diseases or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The cases and replies were revised by other authors, and one by one, they were presented to ChatGPT and Google Bard. The results were presented in a table.
Results
Both ChatGPT and Google Bard reported a high rate of precision in the spot diagnosis of the cases. ChatGPT provided a correct diagnosis for 15 cases (75%), while Google Bard diagnosed 14 cases (70%) successfully.
Conclusion
ChatGPT and Google Bard's success in this study opens the door for deeper AI integration in psychiatric evaluations. As technology evolves, the boundary between human and AI decision-making may become less distinct, promising a new era in psychiatric care. Moving forward, we must approach AI in healthcare with enthusiasm, collaboration, and caution.
Co-Occurrence of Behçet's Disease and Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Soran Mohammed Gharib  , Hemin S. Mohammed  , Abdullah Kamal Ghafour  , Karokh Fadhil Hama Hussein  , Jihad Ibrahim Hama  , Abdullah Abdulrahman Qadir
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Behçet's Disease and Ankylosing Spondylitis are two distinct inflammatory conditions that have rarely been reported to coexist. This study reports a 41-year-old male patient with the co-occurrence of both conditions.
Case presentation
A 41-year-old male presented with chronic lower back pain for a period of 20 years. He also had left eye redness and painful oral ulcers. On physical examination, there were oral lesions and left eye redness (uveitis), and the patient's spine exhibited restricted mobility. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the sacroiliac joint showed sacroiliacis affecting both sacroiliac joints. Hence, the patient was diagnosed as a case of mixed Behcet's disease and ankylosing spondylitis. The patient was managed with Azathioprine (Imuran) tablet (50 mg) twice daily, Colchicine tablet (1 mg) once daily, Topical steroid and Ulciguard mouth spray, Prednisolone tablet (5 mg) once daily, calcium and vitamin D3 tablet once daily, steroid eye drops, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for 2 weeks. As a result, the patient achieved a dramatic response with all the symptoms resolved.
Conclusion
Behçet's disease and ankylosing spondylitis can coexist with overlapping presentations, making their clinical diagnosis challenging.