bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why SEMI Standard E163 should be followed for the Protection of Extremely Electrostatic-Sensitive Semiconductors and Similar Devices during Manufacturing, Packaging and Handling
Authors: Rider Gavin C
Published: September 2021

Research into the damage sustained by the reticles (photomasks) used to print semiconductor devices is summarized. It is explained why ESD prevention alone does not necessarily provide adequate protection for such highly electrostatic-sensitive objects. The standard approach to ESD prevention used in the semiconductor industry is shown to increase the risk of other damage mechanisms than ESD to which reticles are far more sensitive. Insights gained from this research are then applied to the methods being used to protect sensitive electronic, optoelectronic and micro- electro-mechanical devices during their manufacture and handling. Similar weaknesses to those identified in the widely-established approach to reticle handling are found. Equipotential bonding is shown to expose field-sensitive devices to a heightened risk of damage and to reduce the effectiveness of essential static-reduction technology.
PERBAIKAN KUALITAS PADA PRODUKSI GENTONG MENGGUNAKAN METODE SEVEN TOOLS (Studi Kasus : Home Industry Bapak Ojid)
Authors: Astuti Fidiyya , Wahyudin Wahyudin
Published: September 2021

Pengendalian kualitas dalam sebuah home industry semakin dilupakan oleh para pemilik home industry, hal ini terjadi karena upaya-upaya perbaikan sistem kerja dianggap cukup sulit untuk diimplementasikan.  Padahal, perbaikan inilah yang berguna untuk meningkatkan kualitas, baik kualitas sistem kerja maupun kualitas produk. Upaya perbaikan sistem kerja dalam rangka meningkatkan kualitas produk gentong ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode seven tools, dengan memperhatikan aspek-aspek 5M+1E (man, money, machine, method, material, dan environment). Karakteristik cacat produk pada produk g entong yang sering terjadi di tempat ini adalah cacat pada saat penyimpanan produk, pada saar pengeringan, dan pada saat pembakaran. Jumlah cacat produk pada sepuluh hari produksi adalah 32 produk dengan persentasi kumulatif sebanyak 5%. Setelah dilakukan analisa, maka perbaikan yang  dapat dilakukan meliputi perbaikan manusia, mesin, material, dan metode.
Pengaruh Game Mobile Legends terhadap Minat Belajar Mahasiswa/i Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Alauddin Makassar
Authors: Nawawi M. Ichsan , Pathuddin Hikmawati , Syukri Nabila , Alfidayanti Alfidayanti , Poppysari Sartika , Saputri Saputri , Ramdani Muhammad , Jun Muhammad , Marsuki Ismail
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh game online mobile legends terhadap minat belajar mahasiswa Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Alauddin Makassar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif korelasional, dimana populasi yang diambil yaitu mahasiswa/i aktif FST UINAM yang bermain game online mobile legend. Untuk menentukan sampel digunakan teknik quota sampling dengan menentukan porsi sebanyak 10 orang tiap jurusan di Faklutas Sains dan Teknologi. Pengambilan data responden melalui google form kemudian data diolah dengan aplikasi SPSS. Game online mobile legend adalah salah satu dari 5 besar game MOBA yang paling banyak dimainkan di pasar android dan banyak digemari oleh kaum pelajar tidak lain ialah mahasiswa. Variabel game online mobile legends terdiri dari tiga indikator yaitu: 1) Terpaan Media, 2) Motivasi Bermain dan 3) Perilaku Imitasi. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan dengan uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai F hitung 3,620>F tabel 2,71 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh Terpaan Media (X1), Motivasi Bermain (X2) dan Perliaku Imitasi (X3) secara simultan terhadap Minat Belajar (Y). Nilai R2 (R Square) sebesar 0,112 artinya pengaruh variabel Game Online Mobile Legend terhadap Minat Belajar sebesar 11,2% sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lainnya yang tidak dikaji pada penelitian ini.
Guía de protocolo del síndrome de pie diabético
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Grijalba Carabali Paola Andrea , Pérez Portocarrero Adriana , Salazar Riascos Jhon Fredy , Restrepo Zapata Jorge Humberto
Published: September 2021

Como refería en su prólogo, era la culminación de un largo trabajo, que tuvo su punto de partida con la elaboración del Documento de Consenso sobre Pie Diabético que el Hospital Isaías Duarte Cancino, aprueba. En su divulgación, este Tratado ha agotado su edición inicial, y como referente útil que pretende ser, precisa de una actualización en determinados conceptos. El interés que los profesionales de la salud, en especial cirujanos vasculares venimos manifestando por la entidad patológica englobada en el concepto de “pie diabético” deriva fundamentalmente de la gravedad de sus manifestaciones clínicas, cuya expresión final, significada por la pérdida parcial o total de la extremidad, acontece en el ámbito de la práctica clínica. Las lesiones que el enfermo diabético puede llegar a desarrollar en sus extremidades inferiores a lo largo del período evolutivo de la enfermedad constituyen, sin ningún tipo de discusión, uno de los problemas asistenciales más graves, tanto desde el punto de vista personal, familiar y socio-sanitario, en el inicio del siglo XXI, en el contexto de una enfermedad como la diabetes mellitus de creciente incidencia y prevalencia. No obstante esta grave situación, las complicaciones que tienen su origen en el pie diabético han acreditado amplias y reales posibilidades de reducirse en aquellos ámbitos hospitalarios en que se han desarrollado y aplicado con rigor las pautas de prevención. Por esta razón, y a criterio de los autores de esta Tesis, únicamente podrá alcanzarse una inflexión en esta grave patología si todos los profesionales de la salud nos implicamos en los protocolos diagnósticos y terapias, pero fundamentalmente en aquellos de prevención primaria y secundaria. Por esta razón, y conscientes de que el abordaje coherente, integral y riguroso del problema del pie diabético sólo puede lograrse desde un enfoque multidisciplinario, esta Tesis reúne el aporte de expertos en ortopedia y medicina interna, medicina familiar microbiología, y cirugía vascular, con la finalidad de que el lector tenga las máximas garantías, con su lectura y consulta, de conseguir una visión unitaria del problema del pie diabético.
Tejiendo Paz Desde Las Aulas
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Rojas Monedero Rosaura , Arce Cabrera Ángela Maria ,   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Moscoso Sáchica Yolanda ,   Fundación Universitaria Lumen Gentium, Palacios Claudia Katherine ,   Alcaldía de Santiago de Cali, Salas Osorio Anyelo ,   Alcaldía de Santiago de Cali, España Lozano Jesús ,   Universidad Autónoma De Nuevo León
Published: September 2021

Tejiendo Paz desde las Aulas es un texto en el que se reúnen las voces de diferentes investigadoras e investigadores latinoamericanos en torno a un tema que debe ser fundamental en la formación de los maestros. El texto, desde su título, es una apuesta por la revisión juiciosa de uno de los aspectos más importantes en el escenario de la vida cotidiana de la escuela: la convivencia escolar. Como en una representación teatral se reúnen todos los días en la escuela los distintos actores que, en el cumplimiento de sus roles, toman diversas actitudes que determinan las relaciones que entre ellos se establecen. Adultos, niños y adolescentes, reacomodan sus formas de actuar para establecer las normas de convivencia en la escuela. En este punto es pertinente aclarar que, cuando se habla de normas, no necesariamente se hace referencia a las aceptadas por los sistemas educativos; en la mayoría de los casos estas normas que rigen los comportamientos (especialmente entre los estudiantes), son normas recreadas a partir de las vivencias que en algunos casos se constituyen en una normalización de la agresión escolar.
Lectotypification of five names in the genus Blumea (Asteraceae)
Authors: Dilsha M. V.  , Satheesh George
Published: September 2021

The lectotypification of five names in the genus Blumea (Asteracea): Blumea glomerata DC., B. pterodonta DC., B. hamiltonii DC., Blumea arenaria DC. and Blumea virens DC., is discussed and lectotypes designated.
You ‘Sau’ Me! A new species and a rediscovery in the genus Saurauia (Actinidiaceae) from Zamboanga Peninsula, Mindanao Island, Philippines
Authors: Mazo Kean Roe F. , Mansibang Jayson A. , Aribal Lowell G. , Tamayo Maverick N.
Published: September 2021

Abstract. A new species and a rediscovery in the genus Saurauia (Actinidiaceae) from Zamboanga Peninsula, Mindanao island, Philippines are presented here. The new species, Saurauia abbreviata, closely resembles Saurauia lanaensis Merr. but can be differentiated by having longer petioles, uniformly setose adaxial leaf surface, longer and wider leaves, more lateral veins, 3 styles, and a 3(–4)-locular ovary. This discovery raises the current number of recognized Saurauia in the Philippines to 57 following an 87-year gap in the taxonomic study of this genus in the country. S. longipedicellata Merr. is also rediscovered after almost a century. A lectotype is here assigned for this name selected among the syntypes. Photographs, ecological notes, and an amended description are also provided to aid taxonomic identification.

 

Abstrak. Usa ka bag-ong species ug nadiskobrehan pag-usab sa genus nga Saurauia (Actinidiaceae) gikan sa Zamboanga Peninsula, isla sa Mindanao, Philippines ang gipresentar dinhi. Ang bag-ong species, Saurauia abbreviata, nahisama pag-ayo sa Saurauia lanaensis Merr. apan ang bag-ong species adunay labi ka taas nga mga petioles, uniformly setose ang ilalom nga dahon, mas taas ug mas lapad nga dahon, labi pang mga lateral veins, 3 styles, ug 3(–4)-locular nga obaryo. Ang nadiskobrehan nagdugang sa kadaghanon sa mga giila nga Saurauia sa Pilipinas ngadto sa 57 human sa 87 ka tuig nga gintang sa taxonomic nga pagtuon sa kini nga genus sa nasud. Ang Saurauia longipedicellata Merr. nadiskobrehan usab pagkahuman sa hapit usa ka gatus ka tuig. Ang tipipikasyon gihimo dinhi aron mapalig-og ang ngalan. Mga litrato, mga notang ekolohikal, ug giusab nga hulagway alang sa maong species makita usab dinhi.
Characterization of mycotoxigenic Alternaria species isolated from the Tunisian halophyte Cakile maritima
Authors: CHALBI Arbia , SGHAIER-HAMMAMI Besma , MECA Giuseppe , QUILES Juan Manuel , ABDELLY Chedly , MARANGI Carmela , LOGRIECO Antonio F. , MORETTI Antonio , MASIELLO Mario
Published: September 2021

Cakile maritima is a typical halophyte of the Mediterranean coasts. In addition to its ecological and industrial properties, C. maritima has antiscorbutic, diuretic and purgative roles in folk remedies. This plant is infected by different fungal species, mainly belonging to Alternaria genus. Two-hundred Alternaria strains were collected from four different pedo-climatic areas in Tunisia, from C. maritima fresh plant tissues showing symptoms of Alternaria infection. Phylogenetic analyses of 79 representative Alternaria strains, were carried out using multi-locus gene sequencing. All the strains clustered in the Alternaria Section: 47 strains had high homology with A. alternata reference strain, 13 grouped with A. arborescens reference strain, 12 grouped with A. mali reference strain, and seven strains were not well defined with A. mali as their closest species. In vitro production of tenuazonic acid (TA), alternariol (AOH), alternariol-monomethyl ether (AME), and altenuene (ALT) was evaluated. Approx. 68% of strains simultaneously produced AOH, AME and TA. Only two A. alternata and one A. mali strains were ALT producing. Pathogenicity tests on leaves of C. maritima were carried out with 41 representative strains. Alternaria arborescens showed the greatest pathogenicity compared to A. alternata and A. mali, although no statistically significant differences in pathogenicity were observed. This is the first study on Tunisian populations of Alternaria species isolated from the extremophile C. maritima.
Molecular and pathogenic characterization of Cochliobolus anamorphs associated with common root rot of wheat in Azerbaijan
Authors: ÖZER Göksel , IMREN Mustafa , ALKAN Mehtap , PAULITZ Timothy C. , BAYRAKTAR Harun , PALACIOĞLU Gülsüm , MEHDIYEV Ibrahim , MUMINJANOV Hafiz , DABABAT Abdelfattah A.
Published: September 2021

Genetic variation among the Azerbaijani isolates of anamorphs of Cochliobolus spp., the causal agents of common root rot of wheat, was evaluated using pathogenicity assessments, sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) gene, as well as inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers. Twenty-eight isolates used in this study were obtained from diseased wheat plants in cereal growing regions of Azerbaijan in 2017. Bipolaris sorokiniana, Curvularia spicifera, and Curvularia inaequalis were identified. Bipolaris sorokiniana isolates were the most virulent on wheat seedlings, followed by isolates of C. spicifera and C. inaequalis. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset of the ITS and GPDH regions grouped the isolates into three clusters, each of which contained isolates of one species. The dendrogram derived from the unweighted pair-grouped method by arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analyses based on the data of ISSR and iPBS markers divided the isolates into three clusters in concordance to their taxonomic grouping at species level, but without correlation to their geographic origins. Population structure of isolates was estimated based on Bayesian modelling, and this showed three populations (K = 3) supporting the separation of isolates in the dendrogram with the greatest mean value of Ln likelihood (-893,8). Utilization of the markers either separately or together produced a high level of polymorphism at interspecies level, which allowed for the separation of species. Although both marker systems had similar discrimination power to reveal genetic differences among the species, ISSR markers were more informative for eliciting intraspecies polymorphisms within B. sorokiniana and C. spicifera isolates. This is the first study on genetic diversity and population structure of anamorphic stages of Cochliobolus associated with common root rot of wheat using iPBS markers.
Mycotoxins in maize: mitigation actions, with a chain management approach
Authors: PALUMBO Roberta , GONÇALVES Ana , GKRILLAS Athanasios , LOGRIECO Antonio , DORNE Jean-Lou , DALL’ASTA Chiara , VENÂNCIO Armando , BATTILANI Paola
Published: September 2021

Maize is the principal staple food/feed crop exposed to mycotoxins, and the co-occurrence of multiple mycotoxins and their metabolites has been well documented. This review presents the infection cycle, ecology, and plant-pathogen interactions of Aspergillus and Fusarium species in maize, and current knowledge on maize chain management to mitigate the occurrence of aflatoxins and fumonisins. Preventive actions include at pre-harvest, as part of cropping systems, at harvest, and at post-harvest, through storage, processing, and detoxification to minimize consumer exposure. Preventive actions in the field have been recognized as efficient for reducing the entrance of mycotoxins into production chains. Biological control of Aspergillus flavus has been recognized to minimize contamination with aflatoxins. Post-harvest maize grain management is also crucial to complete preventive actions, and has been made mandatory in government food and feed legislation.
Current knowledge on Grapevine Trunk Diseases with complex etiology: a systemic approach
Authors: CLAVERIE Marion , NOTARO Martin , FONTAINE Florence , WERY Jacques
Published: September 2021

Among all causes of grapevine decline, Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTDs) are major concerns for grape growers. This paper reviews knowledge and proposes hypotheses on two major GTDs, esca and Botryosphaeria dieback, and assembles a conceptual model. The objective was to collect information into a sequence, from grapevine nursery propagation processes, through foliar symptom expression, to plant death in mature vineyards. Pathogen infection and colonization steps in woody vine tissues, and the hypotheses that have been formulated to explain the outburst of foliar symptoms, are reported and discussed. Factors that could aggravate or repress GTD symptoms and incidence expansion are also addressed. Vine physiology and pathology together could expand understanding of these diseases. Knowledge and hypotheses that need validation are summarized, and a conceptual model is proposed to explain the occurrence of symptoms and the influencing factors. The model could be useful to cope with the complexity of GTDs, and as a starting point for research to unravel knowledge gaps and suggest new disease management strategies.
FEATURES OF INITIATION OF FILM CHARGES OF POLYMER-CONTAINING PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION OF VS-2 BY FLASH LAMP «EVIS-3»
Authors:   Russian Federal Nuclear Centre -All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Gerasimov Sergey I. , Ilyushin Mikhail A. ,   St-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Kuznetsov Peter G ,   Sarov Institute of Physics and Technology - Branch of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Putis Sergey M ,   St-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Dushenok Sergey A. ,   FSUE "SСTB "Technolog", Rozhentsov Vladimir S. ,   Russian Federal Nuclear Centre -All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Shugalei Irina V. ,   St-Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: September 2021

The paper presents the results of interaction of film charges of pyrotechnic composition VS-2 with incoherent radiation of flash lamps. It is shown that the pulsed light radiation of flash lamp «EVIS-3» causes detonation in the film of the photosensitive pyrotechnic fulmination of VS-2 at a speed from 4200 to 4500 m/s, and in the aluminum plate-witness – deformation, the value of which depends on the thickness of the film charge of the pyrotechnic composition of VS-2
Long Noncoding RNA LINC01703 Exacerbates the Malignant Properties of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Upregulating MACC1 in a MicroRNA-605-3p-Mediated Manner
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Zhang Xinyu , Zhang Xuedong , Jiang Xuedong , Li Wenya
Published: September 2021

Long intergenic nonprotein-coding RNA 1703 (LINC01703) has diagnostic significance in lung adenocarcinoma. However, its specific roles in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and downstream mechanisms have not been investigated. In the current study, we characterized the role of LINC01703
in NSCLC malignancy and elucidated its detailed mechanism of action. LINC01703 expression was measured by qRT-PCR. The regulatory effects of LINC01703 on the malignancy of NSCLC cells were assessed by multiple functional experiments. The targeted interaction was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation
and luciferase reporter assays. Herein, overexpression of LINC01703 in NSCLC was indicated in the TCGA database and further proven in our cohort. Functional studies revealed that knocking down LINC01703 repressed cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion in vitro, which
was accompanied by the induction of apoptosis. The tumor growth of LINC01703-silenced cells was also inhibited in vivo. Mechanistic analyses revealed that LINC01703 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-605-3p (miR-605-3p) in NSCLC cells, which thereby upregulated the miR-605-3p
target metastasis associated with colon cancer 1 (MACC1). Rescue experiments highlighted that the regulatory actions of LINC01703 ablation on NSCLC cells were abolished in response to miR-605-3p downregulation or MACC1 overexpression. In conclusion, LINC01703 enhanced the aggressiveness of
NSCLC cells by altering miR-605-3p/MACC1. Our work suggests the therapeutic potential of LINC01703/miR-605-3p/MACC1 in NSCLC.
Stature Prediction and Formulation of Regression Equation from Hand and Foot Anthropometry
Authors: Megha Rapotra  , Jaswinder Kaur
Published: September 2021

Background: Estimation of stature is a key feature of personal identification. Evaluation of stature fromincomplete skeletal and decomposing human remains is particularly important in personal identification forforensic experts and anthropologists.Methods: The data was collected from 1000 asymptomatic, healthy adults (500 males and 500 females)belonging to border areas of Punjab region of age group ranged between 18-50 years.Results: The comparison of each parameter of the study shows that all parameters have higher valuesin males than in females. It is also observed that in males highest correlation is exhibited by Right footlength(r= .418) and in females it is exhibited by Left Foot Length (r= .354). The calculated linear regressionformulae show good reliability and applicability for stature estimation.Conclusion: In all parameters the foot length and hand length are better predictors of stature in both sex.Using regression formulae the height of subject can be easily determined and this will be used as researchtool in anthropological and medicolegal issues.
Evaluation of Dental Implant Stability Regarding All-on-4 Concept Utilizing Two Different Angles
Authors: Mohammad A. Hameed  , Thair A. Hasan
Published: September 2021

Background: The “All-on-4” technique using 4 implants that has gained popularity in full arch edentulismcases in recent years was presented as a modern technique in implant-denture rehabilitation by Malo inLisbon, Portugal, for the first time in 2003 and the all-on-four concept that began to be used in atrophic fullarch mandibular and in the maxilla in 2005 has emerged.Aim: evaluation of dental implant stability in relation to All-on-4 concept.Materials and Methods: This was a clinical prospective comparative study organized from February 2019to March 2020 in the College of Dentistry Teaching Hospital, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery/Dental Implant Unit/University of Baghdad. A total of 15 Iraqi patients aged 41-73 years, 9 males & 6females were enrolled in this study receiving 80 Dental implants (All-on-4 concept). Patients classified intotwo groups, group A (All-on-4 with 2 anterior axial and 2 posterior with angulation of 17°) and group B(All-on-4 with 2 anterior axial and 2 posterior with angulation of 30°). For both, the surgical site of dentalimplant was examined for the hard and soft tissues clinically and radiographically utilizing OPG and CBCT.Results: The mean of ISQ values obtained in this study at each time point in the total dental implant,axially placed and angled implant stability demonstrated significant increase (P = 0.000, 0.031 and 0.004)respectively at different times. There was a significant increase in the mean stability of axial and angledimplants concerning males (P = 0.001 and P =0.002) respectively than females. Significant correlationbetween implant stability and the regions at the three times periods. There was a significant difference inangled implants stability between different intervals (P = 0.001) in patients >50y. Success of dental implants95.24%.Conclusion: All-on-4–style full-arch dental implant procedures have one of the highest success rates ofdental treatment; the dental implant stability had significant effect in mandible in comparison to maxilla.There was irrelevant clinical analysis result in comparison to the statical analysis in relation to stability withdifferent variables.
The effect of oxidative stress on vitiligo patients
Authors: Mohammed Hasnawi Ali  , Muthanna M. Awad
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study to shed light on one of the hypotheses keys in causing disease vitiligo is thestress hypothesis of oxidative, stable of vitiligo have been identified active stages or on the basis of thedevelopment or the emergence of new spots in the past three months and the absence of new or patchesdevelopment in the past six months, the in a row, this study included three groups, all of them were male.The first group included the active group, patients with vitiligo of the active type30 the second person, thedormant group, includes static type vitiligo patients 25One person, the third, the control group (apparentlyhealthy) included20People. We have examined the serum levels of Superoxide Dismutase enzyme, catalaseenzyme, and Malondi- aldehyde, our results revealed that the level of higher than Malondi- aldehyde at thelevel of probability (P <0.05) In the serum of the disease group compared to the control group, a significantincrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase was observed in the serum of the disease group at the level ofprobability(P <0.05)Compared to the control group, the catalase activity decreased at the probability level(P <0.05) In the pathological group compared with the control group, our study shows that stress Oxidativehas a role in the physiology pathogenesis of vitiligo active and static. An imbalance of antioxidants wasobserved in the blood of active Vitiligo patients.
Self-Administration of Vecuronium by a Medical Student: An Autopsy Case Report
Authors: Mukul Sharma  , Biplab Rath  , Naveen A  , Manas Ranjan Sahu
Published: September 2021

During COVID-19 pandemic the frontline healthcare workers have been at risk the most. Long workinghours, emotional stress from not seeing families for days together takes a toll on the psychological wellbeingof a person. This leads to increase incidence of self-harm amongst the individuals. Vecuroniumbromide is a muscle relaxant, easy availability of such drugs amongst the medical professionals is a matterof great concern. Monitoring and cautious dispensing of them should be done. Here we report a case ofself-administration of vecuronium by a medical student .The purpose of documenting this case is to createawareness among healthcare workers to keep a watch on mental health of fellow colleagues. Psychologicalsupport groups in medical college hospitals are the need of hour.
Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Insulin Resistance in Hyper Insulinemic and Euglycemic Persons
Authors: Muntadher H. Dawood  , Taha H. Al-Yasiri
Published: September 2021

This experiment was conducted in the city of Amara in southern Iraq at Al-Sadr Hospital. The study aimedto evaluate the effect of administering Ascorbic Acid on 50 diabeticpatients who had insulin resistance afterthey were diagnosed clinicallyof 25 patients were treated with Ascorbic acid at dose 500 mg twice a day for12 days and the others 25 were considered as control.The study group demonstrated a significant decrease in the fasting patient’s blood sugar (F.B.S), insulin andfasting blood, and Insulin resistance at the end of 12 weeks (P0.05) as compared to baseline measurements.The reduction in F.B.S, Fasting Insulin, and Insulin resistance was significantly reduced in the ascorbic acidgroup at week 12 of the study relative to the control group (P <0.05).
Knowledge, Attitude, Action, Ability to Pay (ATP), and Willingness to Pay (WTP) Young Adults in Fulfilling the Need for Oral Hygiene Maintenance
Authors: NadyaSavira Giyansyah  , Nadia Chairony  , Indira Arella Harianto  , Ulfie Rahmah Aliyah  , AryoDwipoKusumo
Published: September 2021

Background: One of the preventive efforts that can be performed to avoid dental and oral health problemsis by maintaining oral hygiene. Currently, there are various tools for maintaining dental and oral hygienethat are sold in the market. Purpose: To reveal the knowledge, attitude, action, Ability to Pay (ATP), andWillingness to Pay (WTP) of young adults in fulfilling the need for maintenance of oral hygiene. Methods:This research was a descriptive research type. The sample size was determined as 100 people, targeting thegroup of young adults aged 20-29 years who have worked or earn. A cross tabulation test was conductedbetween the ATP and WTP variables with demographic characteristics, namely age and work experience.Results: Based on the age frequency of ATP sufferers, those aged 20-29 years are able to meet the needs oforal hygiene at most at a cost of Rp. 51,000- Rp. 100,000, and the age frequency with the most WTP at a costof Rp. 141,000 - Rp. 160,000.Based on the length of time working with the ATP, most of the oral hygieneneeds are Rp. 51,000-Rp. 100,000. Meanwhile, the frequency of working with WTP is the maximum cost ofRp. 141,000 - Rp. 160,000. Conclusion: According to the research results, it can be concluded that the levelof knowledge, attitude, and action of young adults in fulfilling the needs for maintenance of oral hygiene isgood.
Endodontic Retreatment in Underfilled Root Canal of Maxillary First Molar with Chronic Periapical Abscess: A Case Report
Authors: Nanik Zubaidah  , Kun Ismiyatin  , Cinitra Anindya  , Nindhira Puspita Sari  , Singgih Harseno  , Ahmad Afif Dzulfikar  , Dian Dwi Pratiwi
Published: September 2021

Background:The failure of endodontic treatment commonly caused by imperfect obturation, periodontalperiradicularlesions, untreated root canals, and some other factors. The failure may trigger the occurrenceof secondary infections due to persistent. bacteria.One of the abnormalities that appear after endodontictreatment is a periapical abscess.Endodontic failure can be overcome by endodontic retreatment, apicalsurgery, or extraction. During an endodontic retreatment, endodontic instruments are used to remove theroot canal filling material and to repeat the steps of endodontic treatment to achieve the apical patency.Purpose: This case report presents management to overcome the failure of previous endodontic treatmentwith nonsurgical endodontic retreatment. Case: A 66 years old male patient came with a dull pain oftooth no 16 and uncomfortable when used for chewing since 2 months after endodontic treatment. Theepisodic swelling appeared since 3 months ago which then deflated.The objective examination showed apositive response to bite test and percussion test. Intraoral periapical radiograph confirmed an underfilledroot canal, and a periapical radiolucency with a diffuse border on palatal root. Case Management: Basedon the patient’s history taking, radiographic, and clinical examination,endodontic retreatment was doneand followed by porcelain fused to metal crown restoration. Conclusion: Endodontic retreatment is theappropriate treatmentoption to overcome the failure of the previous endodontic treatment that accompaniedwith a periapical lesion and to preserve its function in stomatognatic system.
Harlequin Ichthyosis the Most Severe Form of the Congenital Ichthyosis; A Case Report Study
Authors: Nasim Talebi-Azar  , Mayam Rasouli  , Babak Choobi Anzali  , Rasoul Goli  , Jaizeh Karimi Johani  , Navid Faraji  , Amireh Hassanpour  , Aynaz Bagherzadi
Published: September 2021

Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a rare and the most severe form of the congenital ichthyosis with an autosomalrecessive inheritance. At birth, the HI phenotype is striking with thick hyperkeratotic plate-like scaleswith deep dermal fissures, severe ectropion, among other findings. Although HI infants have historicallysuccumbed in the perinatal period related to their profound epidermal compromise, the prognosis of HIinfants has vastly improved over the past 20 years. The disease might be lethal at birth and the affected babiesare often premature. The present study reports a new case with HI and adds to the collective knowledge ofthis rare skin disorder.
Antimicrobial Peptide Cathelicidin and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Oral Health
Authors: Nireeksha  , Mithra N Hegde  , Suchetha Kumari N
Published: September 2021

Background: Anti-microbial peptides and vitamin D levels in saliva, GCF play an important role in oralhealth and its maintenance. The peptide levels are regulated by the Vitamin D cathecidilin pathway and theirassociation and influence on oral health is of outmost importance. The aim of the present review article is toestablish The aim is to establish a relationship and possibly the role of Cathelicidins and Vitamin D receptorgene polymorphism in relation to oral healthMethodology: The preferred reporting items for systematic review ad meta analysis (PRISMA) were usedfor reporting this systematic review. The study protocol has been approved by all co-authors .The study hasbeen registered at the National institute for health research (NHR) under the Prospero ID: CRD42020200946.Results: A total of 102 articles were retrieved through electronic database search .After evaluating the title,abstract and full text of these articles only 7 were selected for the present systematic review. However 3articles were excluded because they were classified as high risk of bias according to PRISMA guidelines.Out of 7 studies selected,4 were classified as low risk bias and 3 were classified as moderate riskbias.Conclusion: The current evidence suggests anti-microbial peptide LL-37 and vitamin D receptor genepolymorphism plays an important role in caries prevalence and periodontal healthHighlight: Understanding the role of antimicrobial peptides in saliva helps in enhancing focus on the effectof these components on oral health and its maintenance.
Primary Closure after Open Common Bile Duct Exploration in Comparison to T-tube Drainage. Our Experience in a New Medical College of Assam
Authors: Nirmal Kumar Agarwal  , Jon Bordalai  , SantanuSarma
Published: September 2021

Background: Traditionally T-tube drainage of CBD is most commonly done. However T-tube has its ownproblems mainly longer hospitalisation, longer absence from work and many complications. This study doneto assess outcome of primary closure of CBD after open CBD exploration.Methods: This retrospective study was done in Tezpur Medical College which is a new medical college inAssam. All the patients who underwent CBD exploration in our unit were analysed to compare the results.All together 38 patients underwent CBD exploration of which in 18 primary closure of CBD was done.Results and Conclusion: Our results indicate lesser complications for primary closure, much shorterhospital stay in comparison to T-tube drainage.Primary closure of CBD after choledocholithotomy is safe, much simple and effective and has lessercomplications in comparison to T-tube drainage.
Detection of Mn – Dependent Chitinase for Wheat Root Rot Disease Control by Real time PCR
Authors: Noor Maath Ahmed  , Akeel Hussian Ali Al-Assie  , Abdullah Abdulkareem Hassan
Published: September 2021

The use of some mineral salts with concentrations of 10, 30 and 50 mm Muller led to the inhibition ofthe activity of the enzyme chitinase, but to varying degrees. Manganese chloride MnCl2 showed moreeffect in stimulating the activity of the enzyme, as the effectiveness reached 74.87% in addition to calciumchloride CaCl2, which had a stimulating effect for the enzyme as well. The salts EDTA and NH4Cl had aninhibitory effect on the enzyme activity. The field experiment was conducted for the purpose of inducingsystemic resistance of wheat plants with the fungus T. longibrachiatum under conditions of infection withthe pathogen Fusarium oxysporum and evaluating the efficacy of the chitinase enzyme in improving plantgrowth for three varieties of wheat, which are Iba 99, Sham 6 and July 2 for 45 days, after which thevegetative characteristics were taken. For cultivated plants and the efficacy of the chitinase enzyme for theshoot and root system, the induction treatment (pathogenic fungus + T. longibrachiatum + MnCl2) proved itsrole in the highest reduction of the severity of infection with the pathogen fungus of wheat, reaching 18.05%and the high vegetative and root growth indicators under conditions of pathogen infection and for all thestudied varieties. The results of induction were due to the increased expression of the chitinase enzyme gene.RT - PCR technique was used. It showed that all the studied cultivars with 99, Sham 6 and July 2 had higherexpression than the control treatment.
Application of Berry’s Index in the Analysis of Bite Mark
Authors: Nur Qistina Binti Ahmad Fauzi  , Gheena S
Published: September 2021

Background: This study was done to evaluate the importance of applying Berry’s index in bite markanalysis.With that, it is able to highlight the usefulness of Berry’s index in aiding the analysis of bite markof an individual.Methods: The study was conducted among 60 students between the ages of 18-30 from Saveetha DentalCollege, Chennai. The data that was obtained was then tabulated and statistically analyzed.Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that the widths of both maxillary central incisors and thebizygomatic width were higher in males when compared to females. A positive correlation can be found inmales compared to females in regard to both of the widths obtained. Berry’s index is a useful tool of highforensic value and can be used to help in the identification of an individual’s facial proportions based on thecalculated width of the central incisors. Thus, it can be of correlation to that of forensic facial reconstruction.
Stimulation of Male Voice during Pregnancy Results in Higher Expression of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Cerebellum of Newborn Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Nurvy Alief Aidillah  , Hermanto Tri Joewono  , Widjiati
Published: September 2021

Background: Recent studies in the field of Fertomaternal Medicine show that stimulation in the uteruscan support brain growth and development. If in previous studies stimulation using several types of music,this study uses human voice which aims to analyze the effect of stimulation of male and female voices ondifferences in the expression of Brain Derived Neutrotrophic Factor (BDNF) in cerebellum of newbornRattus norvegicus. Methods: This type of research is true experimental with post test only control groupdesign. Rattus norvegicus was given stimulation of men voice and women voice on 6th day until 17th dayof pregnancy. The expression of BDNF was examined using immunohistochemistry. Results: The mean ±standard deviation of the expression of BDNF in the cerebellum is 4.20 ± 1.75 (without stimulation), 6.04± 1.58 (male voice stimulation), and 5.60 ± 2.43 (female voice stimulation). The results of statistical testsshow that there is a significant difference on BDNF expression between the control group and the groupstimulated with male voice with a significance value <0.05 of 0.045 Conclusion: Giving stimulation usingthe male voice during pregnancy shows a significant increase in the expression of BDNF in cerebellum ofnewborn Rattus norvegicus.
Dental Panoramic Radiographs as Early Signs of Osteoporosis in Pre and Post Menopausal Women – An Observational Study
Authors: P.E. Chandra Mouli  , Madhavan Prasad  , T. Gopalakrishnan
Published: September 2021

Osteoporosis is defined as “a skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass and micro architecturaldeterioration of bone tissue leading to enhanced bone fragility, with consequent increase in fracture risk”. Anosteoporotic fracture is an outcome of trauma to bone of compromised strength, commonly first occurringin the vertebral bodies and distal radius, both sites composed predominantly of medullary (trabecular) bone.Osteoporosis is an extremely common disease affecting most women during their lifetime. Osteoporosisreduces bone density, affecting the bone mass and strength without altering the basic chemical composition.Declining estrogen levels during and after menopause lead to increase bone resorption and increased urinaryexcretion of calcium. Thus, estrogen deficiency plays a primary role in osteoporosis, accounting for up toone half of the bone lost during a women’s lifetime.Oral signs of osteoporosis might be manifested by excessive alveolar ridge resorption, tooth loss, chronicdestructive periodontal disease, referred maxillary sinus pain, or fracture.Radiographic evaluation of post-menopausal women and patients with advanced renal failure demonstratedthe loss of cortical bone at the mandible.The purpose of the study is to evaluate relationship between various oral signs the probability of thisrelationship excising in certain patients and to access cortical bone thickness measurements using panoramicradiographs.
Administrative Factors and Organization Climate Affecting the Performance of Health Personnel at the Emergency Department in Community Hospital
Authors: Padcharin Phomdonko  , Prachak Bouphan  , NuttapolYotha  , Surachai Phimha
Published: September 2021

This is a cross-sectional analytical study aimed to identify administrative factors and organizational climateaffecting the performance of health personnel at the emergency department in community hospital Roi-Etprovince, Thailand. The study samples selected randomly from Emergency Department were 137 healthpersonnel. Stratified random sampling technique was applied to recruit the respondents from the total of 229health personnel. Similarly, 12 key informants were selected for the qualitative study. In-Depth interviewguidelines was applied to conduct qualitative study. The content validity of the questionnaire was evaluatedby three experts yielding an IOC value more than 0.50 in all questions. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient ofthe questionnaire was 0.98. Data were collected between 23rd December 2020 to 12th January 2021. Dataanalysis was performed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics at a significant level at 0.05.The study results showed that the administrative factors such as money, organizational climate suchas dimension of warmth, a dimension of responsibility and dimension of identity were affecting theperformance of health personnel (49.6 % (R2=0.496, p-value<0.001).In conclusion, four factors are affectingthe performance of health personnel. Hence those factors should be addressed, and administration shouldcreate the climate which can address the budget, working objective and goal for the development of theorganization.
Determination of Learning Styles among Nursing Students
Authors: Pooja Gill  , Parul  , Yogesh Kumar  , Jyoti Sarin
Published: September 2021

Nursing education furnishes students with the learning qualities required for their profession and also makesstudents lifelong learners. Aim of the study was to evaluate the learning styles among nursing students. Aquantitative approach with descriptive design was applied. A total of 122 students were recruited by purposivesampling from two nursing colleges, selected by convenient sampling. In addition, tools used for the studywere structured questionnaire for sample characteristics and Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory. Learningstyles were assessed after collecting baseline data. Results indicated that the most preferred learning stylewas turned out to be Accommodator (35%). Findings concluded that there is a diversity of learning stylesamong nursing students as the students were having all the types of learning styles.
Effect of Air Pollution on Health of Community People–A Descriptive Approach
Authors: Praful Damor  , Abhay Pattan  , AmbilyV.Vijayakumar
Published: September 2021

Background: Air pollution is a global and one of the serious environmental hazards because it causes lot ofdamage to living and non-living things in the environment. Air pollution is a problem which emitted variousgases in the air because of burning of wood etc. Air pollution cause not so serious in the past as it is nowbecause of growing population, rapid industrialization, use of automobiles, modern agricultural activitiesetc.1Objectives:1. To assess the knowledge regarding effects of air pollution on health among community people Gujarat.2. To assess the attitude regarding effects of air pollution on health among community people in centralGujarat3. To find out the association between knowledge score regarding effects of air pollution on health withselected socio demographic variables.Methodology: A quantitative research approach at survey design was adopted to conduct the study atcentral part of Gujarat. Sample comprised of 60 community people. Sample was selected by conveniencesampling technique. The data obtained was analyzed and interpreted in terms of the objectives of the study.A structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and likert scale was used to assess the attitudeon effects of air pollution on health among community people.Result: The findings of the study show that 53% female and 47% male samples, highest percentage91% are belongs to hindu,1% muslim,3% Cristian,4% are others, majority of people were age group of26-35years(33%),15-25years(20%),36-45 years (20%),above 45 years (26.6%),43% people received up tosecondary level education,91% people are Hindu, 71% people are self-employed, 18.3% people are livingin nuclear family,45% people having less than 5000rs income,70% people living in pakka housing,56.6%get knowledge regarding effects of air pollution on health from T.V. 2. The score of the study is mean (16.1)and standard deviation is (3.46).Conclusion: Overall knowledge and attitude about the effects of air pollution on health was average whichsuggested that people having average knowledge regarding effects of air pollution Group.
Facebook Ads for Health Promotion Against Covid-19: An Environmental Medicine Perspective
Authors: Rahmad Agus Dwianto  , Nur Wening  , Elita Dwi Hapsari
Published: September 2021

This research aims to provide innovative ideas to disseminate information on environmental medicineduring the Covd-19 pandemic via Facebook. The socialization of the environmental medicine informationtothe public was hampered during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study provides innovative informationdissemination strategies and to increase public awareness and knowledge about environmental medicine.The research method uses literature reviews from various recent studies on the use of social media Facebookfor the dissemination of information. The study found that Facebook advertising as a digital platform for thedissemination of environmental medicine during a pandemic to the public is more efficient in terms of time,energy, costs, and a wider target market. This study found innovations, namely the use of Facebook ads as adigital marketing platform for the disseminating of environmental medicine programs to the public duringa pandemic. Further studies could combine Facebook Ads with other platforms such as Google Ads, SEO,and TikTok.
Determinant of Primary Preventive Behaviour Cervical Cancer in an Adolescent Girl
Authors: Muh Zul Azhri Rustam  , Dwi Helynarti Syurandhari  , Deni Susyanti  , Irma Handayani  , Fitriani Pramita Gurning  , Muchti Yuda Pratama
Published: September 2021

Cervical cancer is caused by infection with the human papilloma virus which can infect the genitals, anus,throat, mouth and cells on the surface of the skin. Cervical cancer is often late so that it can cause death,so efforts are needed to reduce the risk factors for cervical cancer, namely through primary preventionefforts. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between primary factors and cervicalcancer prevention behavior in adolescent girls. The sample in this study were 77 young women who weretaken by technique purposive sampling. The research design used was an observational analysis using across sectional approach and analyzed using chi-square. The results of this study illustrate that there is arelationship between knowledge, attitudes and social support with cervical cancer prevention behavior inadolescent girls. So we need efforts to reduce cervical cancer risk factors, namely through primary preventionefforts, by increasing outreach activities in the community to carry out a healthy lifestyle.
Legal Protection for Nurses in Pharmaceutical Services Where there are No Pharmaceutical Staffs at the Community Health Center
Authors: Rizka Dianita  , Retno Ariani  , Swabawa Wicaksana  , Mokhamad Khoirul Huda
Published: September 2021

Puskesmas is a first-level healthcare service facility that organizes health efforts prioritized promotive andpreventive actions. In executing its health efforts, puskesmas must take actions according to standards,including in pharmaceutical services. It will be different when the pharmacy service is provided by nursesinstead of provided by pharmacy staffs. Following the prevailing law in Indonesia today, nurses’ authority incarrying out their pharmacy duties in practice is only limited. To provide assurance and legal protection fornurses in performing pharmaceutical services in health centres where there are no pharmacists/pharmaceuticaltechnical staff, laws and regulations related to nursing protection have an essential function. It also protectsnurses to avoid criminalization of nurses by law enforcement officials.