bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competitive Strategies and Organizational Performance of Five-Star Hotels in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors:   ,   KENYATTA UNIVERSITY, Aberi Lorna
Published: January 2025

The main objective of thesis project was to investigate how competitive strategies associated with the effectiveness of five-star hotels in the city of Nairobi. To attain this aim, the researcher had to develop three key specific objectives. The first one delved on investigating how leadership costs associated with the effectiveness of the selected hotels. Upon critically analysing the collected data using qualitative, as well as numerical techniques, it was identified that that costs leadership had a very huge influence in improving the effectiveness of the five-star hotels. The strategy was identified to be highly crucial for affirming the competitiveness of this hotels. Most of the interviewed organisational leaders agreed that they had to rely on some key suppliers to help management the prices of their inputs. This was considered a form of cost leadership that, eventually, improved profitability of the selected hotels in the Kenyan capital. The second specific objective was about investigating the impact of various services and products differentiation approaches on the functioning of these hotels. Again, it was affirmed that applying various product differentiation strategies helped to create an appealing image to the target clients. This strategy proved effective in enhancing satisfaction of the clients, thus, increasing chances of winning their loyalty. A case example of the use of a booking app was deemed to be a game change, as it led to the automatic winning of the clients’ confidence and loyalty. Thus, this led to the eventual growth of growth in the number of visitations on the selected hotels. The third objective aimed at investigating how focus strategies related with the approach the selected hotels took to deals with both current, as well as future obstacles they may have encountered while striving to attain their expansion goals. It was noted focus strategies had minimal albeit positive impacts on the selected hotels. Since they had positive impacts on the performance of these hotels, they were considered to be at the centre of the five-star’s hotels expansion plan. Since the three specific objectives were met, it was concluded that the applied competitive strategies had a direct relationship with the effectiveness of the selected hotels in the Kenyan capital.
Physicochemical and functional properties of extruded wheat bran dietary fiber: Effects on slow transit constipation
Authors: Wang Zhan , Tan Dong , Zhao Kemeng , Shen Wangyang , Jia Xiwu , Liu Bo
Published: January 2025

This study investigated wheat bran dietary fiber (WBDF) using the twin-screw extrusion method, with wheat bran as the primary raw material. The research examined the physicochemical properties, cholesterol and sodium cholate adsorption capacity, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and functional characteristics. Animal experiments were conducted to assess its impact on improving constipation. Results indicated that extru-sion-modified WBDF (E-WBDF) exhibited higher water-holding capacity (WHC), oil-holding capacity (OHC), water swelling capacity (WSC), and stronger cholesterol and sodium cholate adsorption capacities (CAC and SCAC). Additionally, E-WBDF showed greater DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities compared to WBDF. In mouse models of slow transit constipation, both WBDF and E-WBDF significantly alleviated constipation, with E-WBDF demonstrating superior efficacy. These findings highlight that E-WBDF could serve as a promising functional food additive to enhance intestinal function.
The 'Annals of Owen Glyn Dŵr' in Context: The Amplified Blwydyn Eiseu Chronicle in NLW MS Peniarth 135
Authors: Williams Gruffydd Aled
Published: January 2025

In his Owen Glendower (1931) Sir J. E. Lloyd published a short chronicle from the National Library of Wales MS Peniarth 135 which he entitled 'Annals of Owen Glyn Dŵr', judging it to be an important source as it was 'sufficiently near the time of Owen to be fairly free
from legendary accretion'. This article examines this text in context, showing it to be, in fact, part of a much more extensive chronicle, an expanded version of the fourteenth-century chronicle known as Blwydyn Eiseu, ranging from 5199 BC to 1321, with a continuation from 1322 to 1422
which includes the 'Annals of Owen Glyn Dŵr'. The manuscript sources of the text are examined (including the National Library of Wales MS Cwrtmawr 453 written by Robert Vaughan of Hengwrt, whose text is closely related to that of Peniarth 135 but not derived from it). The article attempts
to establish the provenance and date of the text on the basis of linguistic evidence, judging it to be of likely Glamorgan origin and fifteenthcentury date, and it discusses its portrayal of the Glyndŵr revolt. The whole of the Peniarth 135 text is edited (with variants from Cwrtmawr
453), with an English translation and full textual notes.
Time Out: a scoping review of non-duration based social media use measures and adolescent mental health
Authors: Sursely Amanda , Baran Bengi , Bardhoshi Gerta , Platt Jonathan M
Published: January 2025

A scoping review of observational and experimental studies of the relationship between SMU and mental health outcomes in adolescents ≤18 years.
Auswirkungen von KI auf die Arbeit in der Pflege
Authors:   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Dresden, Rösler Ulrike , Schlicht Larissa ,   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Dresden, Wendsche Johannes ,   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Dresden, Melzer Marlen ,   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Dresden, Tschetsche Letizia ,   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Dresden
Published: January 2025

Impact of AI on work in nursing – Current research and perspectives for occupational safety
AI-assisted technologies promise to improve work in nursing. The large number of published studies presents occupational health and safety stakeholders with the challenge of obtaining an overview of current research results on the effects of these technologies on working conditions, the skills and
health of employees, and on ethical aspects of nursing practice. The article summarizes findings from 59 reviews on the use of AI in nursing and highlights links to occupational health and safety.
Alleviating the IL-1β-stimulated extracellular matrix degradation in osteoarthritis, and chondrocyte inflammation by Morinda officinalis polysaccharide via the SIRT6/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Zhao Dongfang , Xing Shuqin , Qi Jiao , Wei Zhiqiang , Huang Jianghai , Sun Jigao , Wen Xinzhu , Wang Yafei
Published: January 2025

Morinda officinalis polysaccharide (MOP) is a major active component of Morinda officinalis, known for its roles in supporting bone health and reducing oxidation and inflammation. However, no studies to date have specifically examined the effects of MOP on interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-stimulated chondrocyte inflammation or the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). To investigate, cell counting kit-8 assays were performed to evaluate MOP’s impact on the viability of human chondrocytes (C28/I2 cells). Cell damage was assessed using flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining. Inflammatory factor levels were measured via western blot and ELISA, while extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation was analyzed through immunofluorescence. The involvement of the NF-κB pathway and its regulation by Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) were also explored using western blot. Following IL-1β treatment, C28/I2 cell viability decreased, inflammatory factor secretion increased, and ECM degradation was observed. MOP counteracted these effects by mitigating IL-1β-induced cell damage, preventing ECM degradation, and reducing inflammatory factor secretion, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, IL-1β treatment suppressed SIRT6 expression, whereas MOP upregulated it. Notably, silencing SIRT6 diminished MOP’s protective effects on C28/I2 cells and reversed MOP’s suppression of the NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, MOP alleviates IL-1β-induced C28/I2 cell injury by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway through activation of SIRT6. This, in turn, reduces the inflammatory response, prevents ECM degradation, and ultimately slows OA progression.
La comunicación de las empresas de transporte público Madrid: análisis de framing
Authors: Cámara Molina José Carlos
Published: January 2025

A partir de un proceso analítico-deductivo, se determina una serie de elementos esenciales para estudiar la comunicación referida al transporte público. Aplicando un análisis de framing a las notas de prensa emitidas por EMT Madrid y Metro Madrid entre 2019 y 2022, se confirma que ambas empresas transmiten contenidos sobre movilidad sostenible, accesibilidad, cliente, sensibilización, inversiones e información institucional. Además, se revisa la respuesta de estas empresas en situaciones de crisis reputacional, principalmente la pandemia por Covid, que supuso una estigmatización del transporte público como posible foco de contagio. Hasta ahora no se había investigado la comunicación de las empresas de transporte público a través de las notas de prensa emitidas. Este estudio permite avanzar en el conocimiento de la imagen del sector, algo necesario para promover su uso en el marco de una movilidad más sostenible, por sus beneficios sobre la calidad de vida y el medio ambiente.
Cuando el cómic se desborda: la exploración formal de Ilan Manouach y Martín Vitaliti
Authors: Pons Moreno Álvaro , Ibarra Rius Noelia
Published: January 2025

The article explores the formal innovations in the comics of two contemporary artists: Ilan Manouach and Martín Vitaliti. Through a theoretical review, the authors analyze how comics have evolved beyond their traditional definitions, challenging the limitations imposed by popular culture and the entertainment industry.
Manouach develops the concept of "conceptual comics", exploring the materiality and meaning of the medium beyond visual narrative. His work employs appropriation and détournement, as seen in Katz (2011), where he modifies Spiegelman's Maus, and Noirs (2014), which reinterprets The Smurfs. Manouach also investigates the use of artificial intelligence in generating comics, as in Fastwalkers (2021), proposing a hybridization between human and digital creation.
Vitaliti, on the other hand, deconstructs the fundamental elements of comics, such as the panel or the page, to analyze their function beyond traditional narrative. His work focuses on the materiality of comics, as in Ampo (2021), which explores fear through the depiction of snow in El Eternauta.
Both artists aim to expand the boundaries of comics, redefining their nature within the context of rapid technological and cultural evolution.
Entre hilos y viñetas: la semiótica como puente entre la moda y la narración gráfica
Authors: Bargón García Marina
Published: January 2025

The interaction between fashion, comics and semiotics is a multidisciplinary field of study that examines how fashion and the visual elements of comics intertwine with semantics to convey meanings and messages. Both fashion and comics use symbols,colors, and styles to communicate ideas and emotions, while semiotics analyzes how these elements acquire meaning within a cultural and social context. This approach provides insight into how comics and fashion feed back into each other to tell stories and explore themes related to identity, power and contemporary society. The study of this relationship offers unique insights into the influence and impact of fashion and comics on modern culture.
Una Santa Teresa de Jesús de Luis Tristán en el santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Piedad de Almendralejo (Badajoz)
Authors: Pérez Velarde Luis Alberto
Published: January 2025

This article brings up a new work by the painter Luis Tristán (c. 1585-1624) that had not been previously mentioned in the specialized bibliography of the toledan artist whose centenary of his death will be celebrated in 2024. The analysis of the painting, which be-came part of the pictorial collection of the Sanctuary of La Piedad in Almendralejo thanks to an important donation, and the Baroque context in which it was created, is key to a better understanding of the naturalistic style imposed by Tristán in the pictorial Toledo of the first third of the 17th century, where he was one of the most outstanding protagonists while at the same time differentiating himself from the style of El Greco, his master.
The Italian Manosphere: Composition, Structure, and Functions of a Digital Network
Authors: Ignazzi Elisa , Maretti Mara , Fontanella Lara
Published: January 2025

The digital sphere is pivotal in shaping social norms, and the Italian “manosphere” is a key player in this process. This study examines the composition and structure of the Italian manosphere, an intricate online ecosystem characterised by antifeminist and often misogynistic ideologies. Through a comprehensive analysis of Facebook networks and blog presentations from various groups, we mapped and classified the main actors within this ecosystem, shedding light on their connections and functions. The analysis focuses on two main aspects by employing natural language processing techniques and social network analysis. First, we investigated the functions of different groups within the network—Men’s Rights Activists, Men Going Their Own Way, Involuntary Celibates, and Pick‐Up Artists—identifying their roles, how they interconnect and their ties to the international manosphere. Second, we analysed the blog presentations of members to explore the motivations driving individuals to join these communities, revealing the key themes emerging from their narratives. Our findings highlight the manosphere as a complex and interconnected phenomenon that not only reflects global neosexist trends but also integrates unique socio‐cultural elements specific to the Italian context. This study underscores the significance of understanding the manosphere’s influence on public discourse and its far‐reaching implications for the socio‐political landscape in Italy, particularly concerning gender relations.
How Did COVID 19 Impact Techno stressors, Literacy Facilitation, Burnout, and Turnover Intention? An Exact Replication
Authors: Califf Christopher , Brooks Stoney
Published: January 2025

During the COVID-19 pandemic, K-12 teachers in the United States were forced to alter their work routines in order to use technology to complete a variety of work-related responsibilities. K-12 teachers, therefore, experienced a range of techno-stressors and faced their negative impacts, such as burnout and turnover intention. However, not much is known about which techno-stressors K-12 teachers found particularly distressful when teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, how each techno-stressor contributed to feelings of burnout, and how a proactive approach to mitigating technostress called literacy facilitation may have lessened the effects of each techno-stressor and burnout. Moreover, little is known about how those relationships compare to the techno-stressors experienced when teaching before the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper conducts an exact replication of Califf and Brooks (2020), who investigated how K-12 teachers experienced technostress before the COVID-19 pandemic. The exact replication adopts the research model, constructs, and questionnaire published in Califf and Brooks (2020) to test survey data collected from K-12 teachers in early 2021, a time when most U.S. adults were not yet vaccinated against COVID-19. The effects of five techno-stressors—techno-complexity, techno-insecurity, techno-invasion, techno-overload, and techno-uncertainty—on burnout, and the effect of burnout on turnover intention, are investigated. Moreover, the effect of literacy facilitation on the five techno-stressors and burnout is also investigated. Results from the replication study are compared to the results published by Califf and Brooks (2020). More detailed contributions to research and practice are discussed.
Did I Buy the Right Gadget? A Methodological Replication Study
Authors: Weisgarber Paul , Valacich Joseph , Jenkins Jeffrey
Published: January 2025

This study is a methodological replication of Valacich et al.’s (2018) experiment, which investigated the evaluability hypothesis in the context of technology product assessment. The evaluability hypothesis suggests that the evaluation context significantly influences how users assess and perceive technology features. More specifically, it posits that the perception of technology features, as well as the ultimate selection of a technology product, is likely to differ depending on whether a single technology is evaluated in isolation or multiple technologies are evaluated simultaneously. Our replication study consisted of 310 participants who evaluated two wireless internet products with two product features – connection speed and security level – in either a joint or separate evaluation context. The product features were operationalized in two ways: (1) a hard/hard context where both connection speed and security level were hard-to-evaluate and (2) a hard/easy context where connection speed was hard-to-evaluate, but security level was easier-to-evaluate. Although the original study found that participants’ preferences between the products did not reverse in the hard/hard context but did reverse in the hard/easy context, our results diverged from both of these findings. In our study, the preference reversal occurred in the hard/hard context but not in the hard/easy context. Notably, our study suggests a shift in preferences toward greater emphasis on security and less emphasis on speed, regardless of the evaluation context. These results align with recent trends in the IT marketplace and may offer new practical insights into technology design, usability assessments, and product acceptance.
Utilization of E-Government Services: A Replication
Authors: Hoang Le Hanh , Van Slyke Craig , Elder Kevin , Mansour Joseph
Published: January 2025

This study replicates Carter and Bélanger’s (2005) study of the utilization of e-government services. Almost two decades have passed since the paper was published. In the interim, e-government services have become increasingly popular in the United States (U.S.). Electronic access was the only choice for accessing some e-government services during the quarantine times of the COVID-19 shutdown. The extensive developments in technology may change citizens’ intention to use e-government services, as well as factors that affect those intentions. Further, Carter and Bélanger (2005) only studied citizens from a single U.S. state. These changes in context, as well as the original geographic limitation, warrant a replication of their study. We conducted a methodological replication based on data from a survey of citizens throughout the U.S. We used the original survey scales as they were related to the context of a common e-government domain, motor vehicle-related services. Our results confirm the original study’s findings with respect to perceived ease of use, image, compatibility, and trustworthiness. However, our model found a relative advantage to be a significant predictor of use intentions, while the original study did not. To test the robustness of Carter and Bélanger’s model, we tested alternate conceptualizations using a different statistical method. Overall, our results indicate that the original study’s findings largely hold, but that alternate conceptualizations may also be viable. Our findings hold implications for future research and practice.
Transport Factor Comparative Study of Some Heavy Metals Transfer from Soils to Fruits in Turabah Farms
Authors:   Taif University, Saudi Arabia, Momen Awad
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to determine transfer factor (TF) of heavy metals (HM) from soils to fruits in Wadi Turabah agricultural farms. This is in order to obtain information on retention mechanisms of metals in soils and their ability to transfer from soils to fruits. Obtained results (HM contents) were compared to those reported by FAO/WHO acceptable limits. Also TF values were compared to those stated in recent related studies. Fruit samples include cantaloupe melon, grape, pomegranate, mandarin and lemon. While, soil samples include surface soil (SS) and depth soil (DS) collected from same study area. Samples were digested by microwave-assisted oven and HM (Mn, Pb Cr, As and Cd) were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). As and Pb were detected in almost all soil and fruit samples, while Cr and Mn were detected in all soil samples and not detected in other fruit samples except grape. Elevated levels of As and Mn were measured in fruit and soil samples respectively. However, general concentrations of studied HM in fruits from Turabah farms were lower than maximum permissible concentrations in fruits given by FAO/WHO. Results confirm that fruits in the study areas were safe and can be used for human consumptions. Statistical test revealed that concentration of HM were statistically significant differences (P ˂ 0.05) in examined samples. Results indicate that Pb (TF = 0.774) transfer more than As (TF = 0.539), Cr (TF = 0.003), Mn and Cd (TF < 0.002). This indicates that general ability of HM to transfer from soils to fruits were low (TF < 1). Statistical tests (P ˂ 0.05) indicate that obtained TF values were not differ significantly between different plant species grown in same location.
Interview with Dmitry Yuryevich Trofimov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Institute of Reproductive Genetics, Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2025

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Civil Liability Arising from Genetically Modified Foods in China
Authors: Zhanjun T.
Published: January 2025

Although the development of GMO technology can bring benefits to human beings, the safety and potential risks of genetically modified foods has always attracted the attention of researchers and has sparked lively debates among policymakers and legal scholars. In China, the legal framework governing GM foods remains a critical area of concern. This paper examines the regime of civil liability in China in relation to GM foods, focusing on the principles of no-fault liability and fault liability. It analyzes the legal provisions which shape the liability landscape of GM foods in China. If genetically modified food sold on the market poses a risk to consumer health, the producer and operator may be held liable under the principles of no-fault liability or fault liability in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Code and Food Safety Law of China. Consumers can also seek compensation for damages in accordance with the aforementioned legal document.

If the seller violates the consumer’s right to be informed about genetically modified (GM) food and the right to choose, the consumer can demand the cancellation of the sale contract and seek compensation for losses under the Civil Code. Additionally, they may also claim punitive damages in accordance with the Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests. As a result of health damage caused by the eating of genetically modified food without approval, the injured party may claim liability for damages in accordance with the Civil Code. Even if no substantial damage to body tissues has been caused, the victim can still claim compensation for actual losses such as medical appraisal fees, transportation expenses, and lost earnings due to missed work. Regardless of whether there is substantial damage to physical health, the victim can also claim compensation for pain and suffering depending on the circumstances. The article aims to provide a comprehensive consideration of the current state of civil liability arising from GM foods in China, highlighting the challenges, opportunities, and implications for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and consumers.
Legal Support for Food Security in the Context of Bioeconomy Development: Integration Aspect
Authors: Nekoteneva М. V.
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes specific features of food security legislation in the context of bioeconomy development at the global, regional, and national levels. The experience of regulating food security is analyzed by reviewing domestic and foreign publications, as well as respective legal documents. The research was conducted using the methods of generalization, formalization, analysis, abstraction, induction, and deduction. The evolution of food security regulation in the context of bioeconomy development in the European Union and the EAEU, along with specific national features, is assessed.

Food security was established to be a key direction in the development of bioeconomy strategies, which is reflected in the legislation of various foreign countries. The conceptual framework of food security legislation has been developed in greater detail at the global level. Common features in the formation of strategic documents in this area have been determined. Both at the global and national levels, particular attention is paid to the protection of intellectual property rights as a basis for commercialization and implementation of R&D results, contributing to enhanced food security.

Effective development of bioeconomy is based on the use of biotechnologies, including genetic research. Biotechnologies, in general, and genetic technologies, in particular, are regulated using different models. A number of countries use the so-called “strict” regulatory models, which imply legislative ban or restriction on implementation of certain types of genetic research and their results. In other countries, minimal legislative restrictions are applied, or self-regulation is allowed. In most European countries and some integration associations, the principles of sustainable development form the basis for determining strategic approaches to the advancement of bioeconomy and food security.
The Image of the Population of the Illyrian Provinces in the Documents of the French Administration Related to the Legal Reform Projects
Authors: Sajkowski Wojciech
Published: January 2025

The article presents the issue of the depiction of the inhabitants of the Illyrian Provinces in documents produced by the French administration of this part of the First French Empire which were related to plans to implement legal reforms, primarily the abolition of feudalism and the introduction of the Napoleonic Code. The analysis carried out proves that the extraordinary legal and political complexity of both the whole of the Illyrian Provinces and their individual parts was reflected in the differences in the description of the populations living there. In the case of the territories whose traditions were more in line with Western European political and legal traditions, French observers did not delve too deeply into the social conditions that would be important in the course of implementing new legal solutions. However, e.g. in the case of Vlach shepherd communities living in inland Dalmatia the French administrators were forced to supplement their considerations regarding the implementation of the Napoleonic Code with an extensive study on the character of those populations.
Russian Imperialism in the Aesthetic Reflection of the 19th Century (Based On the Prose of Vladimir Odoyevskiy)
Authors: Sadecki Artur
Published: January 2025

The aim of the article is to analyze the formation of the imperialist image of the world in Russian literature of the 19th century (specially in the works of Vladimir Odoyevskiy). The undertaken topic makes it possible to demonstrate the usefulness of literary research in historical reflection on the contemporary imperialist activities of the Russian Federation. Russian literature, especially in the 19th century, was a unique place to express one's views, which was encouraged by progressive critics (especially Vissarion Belinsky). The most important writers of the 19th century pursued a great „colonial project”, as did supporting writers, including Vladimir Odoyevskiy. The analysis of fragments of the writer's works allows us to see the ways of presenting oppressive ideas in the literary work, but also a reflection on the point of view of the conquered nations. Many mechanisms of glorifying the Empire turn out to be valid also in contemporary Russian propaganda.
Measuring Instructional Competence for Teaching English Language Learners
Authors: Kowalski Monica , Ponisciak Stephen , Lichon Kathryn
Published: January 2025

English language learners represent a fast-growing population in United States schools. However, teachers are often underprepared to effectively educate English language learners through traditional teacher preparation programs, leading some to complete licensure preparation programs for ENL endorsements. To better understand educators’ preparedness for teaching ELs and to assess the effectiveness of a licensure preparation program, we developed a measure of Instructional Competence for Teaching English language learners. Using Rasch analysis, we confirmed the validity of the measure including the subscales of Understanding and Practices. This measure can be used by other teacher education programs to assess preparedness for teaching ELs, as a supplement to other measures of knowledge and teacher sense of efficacy.
Evolution and Future Directions of Action Research in TESOL
Authors: Uysal Huseyin
Published: January 2025

Anne Burns is an Honorary Professor at the University of New South Wales and Professor Emerita at Aston University. Her research focuses on language teacher education, written and spoken discourse analysis, curriculum development and change, and language teacher cognition. She is the author of the books Collaborative Action Research for English Language Teachers published by Cambridge University Press in 1999 and Doing Action Research in English Language Teaching: A Guide for Practitioners published by Routledge in 2010. Her work has appeared in various international journals including Language Teaching, TESOL Quarterly, The Modern Language Journal, and Applied Linguistics. The current interview delves into Anne’s profound expertise in empowering teachers for action research, illuminating pivotal considerations for teacher educators. Her insights spotlight the evolving perceptions of TESOL practitioners towards action research, showcasing its transformative impact on teacher development worldwide. She underscores the significance of fostering a positive teaching environment and understanding students’ perspectives while advocating for greater institutional support. Her reflections offer invaluable guidance for TESOL professionals, inspiring meaningful change in language education through action research. This interview serves as a beacon for educators navigating their journey towards transformative teaching practices.
América Latina y el Caribe en PISA 2022: ¿piensan creativamente los estudiantes de la región?
Authors: Oubiña Victoria , Suarez Enciso Sonia , Zoido Pablo
Published: January 2025

PISA 2022 incluyó una evaluación del pensamiento creativo en la que analizó la habilidad para generar, utilizar y mejorar ideas. El desempeño de los estudiantes en la región es mejor en pensamiento creativo que en matemáticas, pero todavía se encuentran muy por debajo de los estudiantes en la OCDE.
Inter-American Development Bank Quarterly Business Review: Second Quarter 2024
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank,   IDB Invest,   IDB Lab
Published: January 2025

The 2024 second quarter edition of the Quarterly Business Review (QBR) provides management with a status of the Bank's performance. The QBR reports on outputs, lending program priorities and organizational indicators on a quarterly basis to allow management to monitor progress in achieving corporate results. This periodic monitoring supports evidence-based decision making and allows for timely identification of deviations from targets and enables effective implementation of measures to address them.
Also, the QBR provides an overview of the IDB's performance on sovereign-guaranteed outputs and lending program priorities. It identifies trend deviations from IDB portfolio targets to support Bank management efforts to identify and implement corrective measures. This edition compiles data for the second quarter of 2024.
Wearable Biosensors for Non-invasive Glucose Monitoring: Advancements in Materials and Mechanical Designs
Authors: Choi Ellena , Kim Sunny
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study aims to present a novel technological approach for non-invasive glucose monitoring, facilitating early diagnosis and management of diabetes.
Methodology: We conducted a comprehensive review of current trends and advancements in material science and biosensor technology, focusing on their applications in non-invasive glucose monitoring systems.
Main Findings: Our review highlights state-of-the-art glucose monitoring technologies, emphasizing the design of soft materials, the development of non-invasive sensors, and the utilization of sweat as an alternative analyte for glucose detection.
Implications: The findings of this study are instrumental in guiding the design of innovative non-invasive glucose monitoring systems, ultimately improving patient compliance and quality of life in diabetes management.
Novelty: This study introduces foundational aspects of non-invasive glucose monitoring technology, including materials, electrochemical sensors, and sweat secretion methods, along with specific approaches that enhance their effectiveness
Desenvolvimento e dilemas na fronteira: embates e impactos socioambientais na criação do território ribeirinho do rio Xingu, Altamira-PA
Authors: Santos Kátia Barros , Torres Maurício , Souza César Martins de
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo pretende fazer uma leitura crítica em torno dos embates e impactos socioambientais no contexto da criação do território ribeirinho do rio Xingu, Altamira-PA. Devido o modelo desenvolvimentista para a Amazônia tenha apresentado políticas ambíguas e contraditórias, que envolvem o capital globalizado e das instituições e esferas governamentais. Esse é o lócus de discussão, a criação do território ribeirinho do Xingu, região de Altamira, palco de transformações devido à instalação do empreendimento hidrelétrico Belo Monte e o conceito fronteira como elemento interpretativo articulado em meio as transformações do território ribeirinho. Em termos metodológicos, foi conduzido um estudo qualitativo que envolveu levantamento bibliográfico e documental em fontes acadêmicas e de imprensa. Pretende-se então, fazer reflexões acerca do conceito de desenvolvimento, de fronteira e dos impactos socioambientais no território ribeirinho, bem como, a partir do modelo dialético baseado nos estudos de Sachs (2008), Esteva (2000), Ribeiro (2008), Becker (2005), Pacheco de Oliveira (2021), Martins (2009), Carvalho (2017), Venturi (2006) e Quijano (2005). Para tanto, os ribeirinhos são impactados dentro da nova fronteira pelo modelo de desenvolvimento na região, sem contar com os enfrentamentos sociais de movimentos contrários a esse modelo ocidental.
Macrófitas aquáticas na fronteira da Amazônia maranhense: biodiversidade e perspectivas sobre o potencial econômico
Authors: Arouche Marlla Maria Barbosa , Santos Junior Sandro Marcio Silva dos , Silva Karla Bianca Penha da , Rabelo Thauana Oliveira , Almeida Junior Eduardo Bezerra de
Published: January 2025

O objetivo do estudo foi listar e classificar as espécies presentes nas áreas úmidas da APA da Baixada Maranhense, com ênfase no potencial econômico e perspectivas para conservação da biodiversidade. A pesquisa consistiu em uma revisão bibliográfica, realizada nas plataformas Periódicos Capes, Google Acadêmico e Scielo, combinada com dados coletados nas áreas de Palmeirândia, Pinheiro e São Bento. As espécies foram classificadas quanto às formas biológicas, origem, distribuição geográfica seguindo o site da Flora e Funga do Brasil, e o status de ameaça de extinção, baseada na lista vermelha da IUCN. O levantamento resultou em uma lista de 34 espécies identificadas nos três municípios, destacando-se espécies como Pistia stratiotes, Limnobium laevigatum, Lwdwigia helminthorrhiza, Eichhornia azurea, Pontederia cordata e Salvinia minima. A partir do potencial econômico registrado para essas espécies, podemos ressaltar a importância de ampliar os estudos sobre as plantas da Baixada Maranhense diante da perspectiva de descoberta de novos fármacos nessa fronteira, cosméticos ou outros produtos naturais; preservando a flora de maneira sustentável.
Mineração contemporânea na Amazônia paraense: políticas territoriais, sustentabilidade e avanços na fronteira mineral
Authors: Carvalho André Cutrim , Silva João Marcio Palheta da
Published: January 2025

No contexto contemporâneo da Amazônia paraense, o setor mineral tem apresentado grandes reservas de bens minerais de alto valor econômico. As políticas governamentais implementadas nos últimos anos – abrangendo desde a regulamentação e fiscalização da atividade mineradora até o investimento em infraestrutura – refletem um esforço contínuo para harmonizar os benefícios econômicos da mineração com a sustentabilidade ambiental e a melhoria social. O presente artigo visa analisar a dinâmica evolutiva da mineração no Brasil, com especial foco nas políticas territoriais, na sustentabilidade e nos avanços da atividade de exploração mineral na fronteira paraense. Para isso, urge adotar como metodologia uma abordagem exploratória-qualitativa. A análise conduz à principal conclusão de que a mineração desempenha um papel crucial no desenvolvimento regional. Contudo, ressalta-se a necessidade de implementar políticas integradas e sustentáveis na Amazônia paraense, enfatizando a importância de envolver os atores locais nas decisões relativas à exploração mineral. O desafio é superar a lógica da fronteira como uma expansão predatória e incorporar a dimensão socioambiental como parte integrante de um verdadeiro projeto de desenvolvimento nacional.
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Foot Health Assessment Instrument in Pregnant Women
Authors: Yılmaz Hülya , İnce Merve , Khorshid Leyla
Published: January 2025

Background and Purpose:During pregnancy, the foot is more in contact with the ground; the need for an increase in foot size, increased metacarpophalangeal laxity, and physical changes are among the most common foot problems. The study validated the Turkish Foot Health Assessment Instrument (FHAI) version.Methods:Thisobservationalstudy comprised 261 pregnant women receiving follow-ups at the outpatient clinic. Cronbach’s coefficient α (alpha) and item analysis were used to assess the reliability. Confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis were applied to test the scale’s construct validity.Results:Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the factor structure (Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin = .766, χ2= 1563.838;p< .001; α = .812).Conclusions:The FHAI is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the foot health of pregnant women living in Turkey.
Extreme Value Stable Mixture Modelling with applications to South African stock market indices and exchange rate
Authors: Naradh Kimera , Chinhamu Knowledge , Chifurira Retius
Published: January 2025

In recent times, there is a vested interest in the research and applications of extreme value mixture models in the stock market and insurance as well as medical industries. This study aims to evaluate the fit of two extreme value mixture models namely Stable-Normal-Stable (SNS) and Stable-KDE-Stable (SKS), where KDE represents the Kernel density estimator, for three FTSE/JSE indices namely All Share Index (ALSI), Banks Index, Mining Index and the USD/ZAR currency exchange rate. These novel models aim to capture the characteristics of South African financial data as compared to the existing commonly fitted extreme value mixture models. The results highlight the robustness of the SNS and SKS mixed model for each daily returns when conducting a graphical bulk model and comprehensive tail model analysis. Financial practitioners looking to curb losses and study alternatives for financial modeling in the South African financial industry using an extreme value mixed model approach may find the SNS and SKS model application beneficial.
A Connection between the Adjoint Variables and Value Function for Differential Games
Authors: Benmenni Rania , Daili Nourreddine
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we present a deterministic two-player nonzero-sumd ifferential games (NZSDGs) in a finite horizon. The connection between the adjoint varaibles in the maximum principle (MP) and the value function in the dynamic programming principle (DPP) for differentail games is obtained in either case, whether the value function is smooth and nonsmooth. For the smooth case, the connection between the adjoint variables and the derivatives of the value function are equal to each other along optimal trajectories. Furthermore, for the nonsmooth case, this relation is represented in terms of the adjoint variables and the first-order super- and subdifferentials of the value function. We give an example to illustrate the theoretical results.
Inferential study on lifetime performance index with generalized inverted exponential model under progressive first-failure censoring
Authors: Yi Huijun , Wijekularathna Danush K.
Published: January 2025

Lifetime performance assessment is widely used in quality control of the manufacturing industry. This paper focuses on the progressively first-failure-censored data coming from the generalized inverted exponential distribution. We present the maximum likelihood estimate and the Bayesian estimate for the lifetime performance index (CL) for a given lower specification level L. The results are used to develop non-Bayesian and Bayesian inferences to determine whether the product performance meets the required level. A Monte Carlo simulation and two real data examples are discussed for illustration purposes.
A Generalized Backstepping Controller Design for a Second-Order Magnetic Levitation System
Authors: Montoya Giraldo Oscar Danilo , Gil-González Walter , Jaramillo-Matta Adolfo
Published: January 2025

This research tackles the control design challenge of stabilizing a second-order magnetic levitation system using a nonlinear control approach. The proposed controller is rooted in backstepping control theory, which ensures the asymptotic convergence of the system’s incremental state variables to the origin through a Lyapunov-based framework. A key advantage of this method is the generalized control input, expressed in a polynomial form with four adjustable control gains, allowing for precise tuning to achieve the desired dynamic performance. A major contribution of this study is the formal demonstration of stable performance provided by the generalized controller in second-order dynamic systems, with a particular emphasis on its application to magnetic levitation. Numerical simulations in Matlab/Simulink showcase the controller’s effectiveness across three different sets of control gains, enabling the system to realize critically damped, overdamped, and underdamped dynamic responses with respect to the desired position of the levitated metallic mass.
Structure fine du bois de Wapa en relation avec les contraintes de croissance
Authors: Mariaux A. , Vitalis-Brun A.
Published: January 2025

Les contraintes de croissance ont été évaluées par un nouvel appareil simple sur 30 arbres sur pied, en Guyane française, pour 3 espèces du genre Eperua. Des tensions longitudinales très élevées, conduisant l'arbre abattu à se fissurer, sont toujours liées à une grande quantité de fibres anormales, jusqu'à 100 %. Chez ces espèces, le bois de croissance fortement tendu est supposé être de mauvaise qualité technologique.
Modulating single-atom M-N-C electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction: the insights beyond the first coordination shell
Authors: Zhang Dingliang , Zhang Xianyang , Li Xingchuan , Feng Chang , Chu Yingying , Chen Cheng , Kou Zongkui
Published: January 2025

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a pivotal process in electrochemical energy systems such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries. Recent advancements have highlighted the single-atom metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts for their exceptional ORR electrocatalytic performance. However, further exploration is needed for the optimization methods of single atomic active sites. Significantly, the modulation of coordination environment emerges as a pivotal technique for the enhancement of M-N-C catalysts, while extending this modulation beyond the first coordination shell has ignited substantial investigation. This review delves into the frontier of M-N-C optimization by transcending the first coordination shell, presenting a comprehensive analysis of innovative strategies that modulate the electronic structure and reactivity of MN4 sites. The primary focus lies in three regulation approaches: regulating atomic entities, introducing metallic species and tailoring non-metallic modulators. These strategies are scrutinized for their ability to fine-tune the ORR activity and stability at the atomic level. By providing a clearer trajectory for future research, this review should be able to inspire novel designs of high-performance M-N-C ORR catalysts.
Navigating ethical dimensions in algorithmic radiology: A call for action to ensure representation of low-resource contexts
Authors: Ahmed H Shafeeq
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionised medicine, particularly radiology, transforming our ability to interpret complex imaging data. While traditional methods rely on subjective visual assessments, AI excels at recognising intricate patterns and providing quantitative and automated evaluations. In this commentary, I delve into the various ethical considerations in algorithmic radiology, beyond the conventional concerns. Focusing on utilitarianism, patient understanding, virtue ethics, and social contract theory, the paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the ethical landscape surrounding AI technologies. The challenges in the use of algorithmic AI in radiology underscore the significance of the ethics of care, responsiveness to context, and the role of human emotion, whether pertaining to the practitioner, the patient, or both. The social contract theory guides the responsibilities of healthcare professionals, urging action to address biases in AI algorithms and ensuring equitable representation of various ethnic and racial populations. Diversity in data must be prioritised to avoid disparities in administering healthcare and uphold patient rights in the adoption of AI. In terms of virtue ethics, professionalism and responsibility are crucial for radiologists adopting AI. Also, an absence of explicit guidelines on the use of AI in healthcare poses challenges, necessitating further discourse. Finally, a utilitarian perspective on public health mandates a fair distribution of imaging technologies to address prevalent health issues in a given population. In conclusion, this paper advocates for an ethical approach to AI integration, which aligns technology with human values and wellbeing, as we shape the future of healthcare.