bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building Brand Awareness through Cultural Sensitivity: Factors Influencing Customer Loyalty in Indonesian Restaurants in Taiwan
Authors:   STIE AMKOP Makassar, Syahruddin Syahruddin , Mujahida Sitti , Azizurrohman Muhammad , Dewayani Eka Kadharpa Utama ,   Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Published: December 2024

Research Aims: With cultural sensitivity acting as a moderating factor, this study investigates the effects of pricing strategy, cleanliness, meal quality, and service quality on customer loyalty and brand recognition of Indonesian restaurants in Taiwan. Design/Methodology/Approach: Four hundred overseas respondents participated in a structured survey; partial least squares (PLS) and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to analyse the results. Research Findings: The findings indicated that while service quality and cleanliness had no discernible impact, food quality and pricing strategy greatly enhanced consumer loyalty. Cultural sensitivity bolstered the favourable correlation between loyalty and food quality. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: The study adds to the body of knowledge in marketing by emphasising how crucial cultural sensitivity is to building patronage in foreign ethnic eateries. Managerial Implication: The results highlight the importance of food quality and price strategies for Indonesian restaurant owners in Taiwan, together with the integration of cultural components to cultivate brand awareness and loyalty. Additionally, they must enhance both the hygiene of their eateries and their marketing campaigns. Research Limitation & Implications: The results' generalisability may be limited by the study's focus on international clients in Taiwan; therefore, ambiance and menu diversity should be taken into account in future studies. A more thorough understanding of customer satisfaction and loyalty would be possible by diversifying the client base and investigating new markets.
Understanding Buy-Now-Pay-Later Adoption in the Muslim Market: Do Religious-Based Ethics Matter?
Authors:   Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sutikno Bayu , Aji Hendy Mustiko ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Research Aims: This study aims to investigate the relationship between religious-based ethics and trust in the Buy-Now-Pay-Later system on its adoption among Muslim consumers in Indonesia. Further, it examines the moderating role of perceived BNPL benefits. Design/Methodology/Approach: 448 usable responses were collected for this study. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the research model, encompassing mediation and moderation analyses. Research Findings: This study reveals that the perceived riba risk exerts a negative influence on trust in the BNPL mechanism and its adoption within the Muslim market. However, the negative effect on the adoption of BNPL is significantly moderated by the perceived BNPL benefits and mediated by trust in the BNPL mechanism. This suggests that, while concerns about riba pose a barrier, highlighting the benefits and building trust in the BNPL mechanism can mitigate these concerns and encourage adoption. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the literature by clarifying how perceived religious-based ethics influence the adoption of BNPL in Muslim markets. Managerial Implication in the South East Asian Context: By demonstrating a deep understanding of the religious-based ethics surrounding BNPL, providers, especially in the South East Asian region, can unlock significant growth potential and contribute positively to the inclusion of financial technology. Research Limitation & Implications: This study highlights the influence of religious-based ethics on consumer behaviour without investigating the dynamics between seeking novelty and feeling sinful (guilty). Future research should explore how Muslim consumers' curiosity and guilt affect the adoption of BNPL.
The Moderating Role of Work Environment in the Relationship Between Organisational Culture, Employee Motivation, Performance Appraisal, and Job Satisfaction in Bali's Hotel Industry
Authors:   Universitas Riau, Ginting Yanti Mayasari , Rismawati Rismawati , Aisyah Siti ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Palopo,   Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology
Published: December 2024

Research Aims: This study examines the effects of organisational culture, employee motivation, performance appraisal, and the work environment as a moderator on job satisfaction in Bali's hotel industry, addressing gaps in HRM literature. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were collected via structured questionnaires from 305 hotel employees in Bali. SmartPLS software analysis included model evaluation, validity testing, and path coefficient and moderator analyses. Research Findings: Organisational culture, employee motivation, and performance appraisal significantly influence job satisfaction. The work environment moderates these relationships, enhancing the positive effects of HRM practices. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This study highlights the work environment’s pivotal role in strengthening HRM practices' impact on job satisfaction. It offers insights for hotel managers and HR professionals to enhance employee satisfaction and organisational performance. Managerial Implication in the South East Asian Context: Fostering a positive work environment is critical in Southeast Asia. Managers should create collaborative and wellresourced workplaces to align organisational culture, motivation, and performance appraisal with employee satisfaction. Research Limitation & Implications: Self-reported data may introduce response bias, limiting the study’s scope to hotel employees in Bali. Future research should explore diverse contexts for broader applicability.
Risk factors and outcome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections (PABSI) in hematological patients: A single center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kessel Johanna , Bug Gesine , Steffen Björn , Vehreschild Maria J.G.T. , Weber Sarah , Scheich Sebastian , Lang Fabian , Serve Hubert , Herrmann Eva , Hogardt Michael
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Bloodstream infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PABSI) in hematological patients are associated with high morbidity and mortality. We investigated the epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes of PABSI at our center.
Methods:
All adult hematological patients with PABSI between January 2013 and July 2023 were included. Demographic and clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibilities, antibiotic therapy, fluoroquinolone-prophylaxis, source of infection, and 30-day outcome were recorded. Descriptive statistics, tests for difference, and logistic regression models were performed.
Results: Fifty patients with PABSI were identified with a median age of 58.5 years (range 24-78). 37 patients (74%) had severe neutropenia, 20 (40%) received allogeneic HSCT, and 29 (58%) had acute leukemia. A total of 34 (68%) had received timely appropriate anti-pseudomonal antibiotic therapy. The most common presumed cause of PABSI was mucositis (n=16, 32%), followed by pneumonia (8, 16%) and skin and soft tissue infections (n=6, 12%). Empirical combination therapy was used in 16 (32%) patients, while targeted combination therapies were used in 27 (54%) patients. P. aeruginosa detection led to treatment change in 31 (62%) cases. The overall 30-day survival rate was 78% (n=39). Carbapenem-resistance occurred in 34% (n=17), and multidrug-resistance (MDR) in 20% (n=10). Prior antibiotic exposure was associated with resistance. Appropriate antibiotic therapy was associated with survival, whereas antibiotic resistance and organ infection were associated with a fatal outcome.
Conclusion:
Prior antibiotic exposure in hematological patients is associated with resistance in PABSI, a major risk factor for a fatal outcome. Antibiotic stewardship efforts should be intensified and fluoroquinolone prophylaxis needs to be reconsidered.
The effect of temperature on the functional response of Blattisocius mali (Acari: Blattisociidae) preying on the acarid mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae
Authors: Jena Manoj Kumar , Michalska Katarzyna , Studnicki Marcin
Published: December 2024

Climate warming significantly impacts soil temperature and moisture, leading to changes in the foraging activities of predators. The current research aimed to investigate the effect of temperature on the functional response of the predatory soil mite Blattisocius mali Oudemans preying on either eggs or males of the mould mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank. To analyze the functional response type, the generalized functional response equation of Real (1977) was used while the functional response parameters were determined using Roger (1972), Hassell (1978), and Cabello et al. (2007) models. Female adult B. mali displayed Type III and Type II functional responses when preying on eggs and males, respectively across all tested temperatures, ranging between 10oC and 35oC. The handling time of B. mali was longer at lower temperatures when preying on either eggs or males. In contrast, the potential for prey mortality, the attack rate, and the Functional Response Ratio were higher at higher temperatures indicating higher efficiency of B. mali at higher temperatures. The temperature strongly impacted predators’ efficiency, as accelerated predator action under warming increased prey consumption. However, functional response type did not change with warmer temperatures but varied with changing prey types from eggs to males.
Metformin suppresses hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma growth via reducing LncAROD
Authors: Liu Fang , Xie Huihui , Liu Meiyu , Wang Desheng
Published: December 2024

The prognosis of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(HSCC) remains poor due to its high aggressiveness and tendency for recurrence,therefore,enhancing treatment outcomes to improve patient survival rates is critical.The aim of this study was to explore the effects of metformin on FaDu cells and to investigate the molecular mechanisms.Metformin significantly inhibited cell viability and migration,and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in FaDu cells.RNA sequencing analysis of metformin-treated cells revealed differential expression of genes and possibly related pathways, which were verified by RT-qPCR, and prognostic survival analyses were performed for related genes.Data from the RNA-seq analysis indicated that metformin altered the expression of genes involved in glycolysis, the TCA cycle, DNA replication, RNA transport, protein binding, and ferroptosis.Bioinformatics survival analysis showed that LncAROD was highly expressed in HSCC, and patients with elevated LncAROD expression exhibited a poor prognosis.Furthermore, the in vivo effects of metformin were evaluated in mice, revealing that metformin inhibited tumor growth without causing significant hepatotoxicity.In conclusion, our results demonstrate that metformin modulates multiple processes related to tumor growth and progression in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, including the reduction of LncAROD expression and inhibition of tumor progression, thereby providing a novel approach for the clinical treatment of HSCC.
Environmental and societal implications of transitioning to sustainable diets
Authors: Rodés-Bachs Clàudia , Sampedro Jon , de Ven Dirk-Jan van , Horowitz Russell , Pardo Guillermo , Zhao Xin
Published: December 2024

The global food system plays a crucial role in shaping societal and environmental futures, with dietary shifts having broad implications across multiple sectors. While plant-based and non-ruminant proteins are gaining popularity in wealthier nations, regional adoption of sustainable diets remains uncertain and highly variable. Here, we explore the benefits of increasing plant-based protein intake or reducing ruminant livestock consumption across global and regional scenarios. Using an Integrated Assessment Model, we find that sustainable diet transitions enhance regional protein and fat intake, improve dietary energy adequacy, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution-related mortality, water scarcity, and food costs. These changes also support re/afforestation and biodiversity gains, though some regions may face trade-offs. Notably, regional efforts yield faster benefits compared to uniform global targets. Our results emphasize the need for effective social policies to promote a shift toward plant-based and low-ruminant diets, demonstrating their nutritional and environmental advantages.
Digital Nudging and its Impact on Healthcare Work: Improving Clinical Documentation with Mobile Applications
Authors: Jóhannsdóttir Lilja Guðrún , Snorradóttir Anna Halldóra N. , Tracz Adeline , Óskarsdóttir María , Islind Anna Sigríður
Published: December 2024

Good clinical documentation is important for patient safety, communication between healthcare professionals, legal protection, quality assurance, reimbursement, and research. In this study, we conduct a two-phased field study on a mobile application designed to support healthcare professionals in improving clinical documentation directly into Electronic Health Records (EHRs). First, we introduced the application to four hospital wards and conducted interviews, user testing, usability, and user experience testing. Second, we measured the application’s usage over three months and compared it to the three months before implementation. The results show that this mobile application significantly saves time for healthcare professionals and supports their clinical documentation practices. We also evaluate if embedding digital nudging into the design of the mobile application impacts healthcare professionals and their established workflows and routines.
A method for land-based nursery cultivation of Undaria pinnatifida seedlings using outdoor tanks
Authors: Kajiwara Keitaro , Niwa Kyosuke
Published: December 2024

In recent years, grazing damage caused by herbivorous fish has been confirmed at various Japanese seaweed cultivation sites. In the case of Undaria pinnatifida, grazing damage during the nursery cultivation period in the sea is considered one of the main factors that decreases the production of marine crops. To prevent grazing damage, we examined whether it is possible to produce Undaria seedlings (juvenile sporophytes) through nursery cultivation on land. Although the growth of the juvenile sporophytes grown by nursery cultivation in an outdoor tank was slower than that of those grown by nursery cultivation in the sea, the juvenile sporophytes ultimately grew to 5.32 cm in mean total length. Furthermore, we compared the growth of these sporophytes during the main cultivation period in the sea with that of the seedlings produced by nursery cultivation in both the outdoor tank and the sea. The total length and blade width of the sporophytes from seedlings produced in an outdoor tank on land were smaller than those of the sporophytes derived from seedlings produced in the sea until February 6, 2024, and the total weight of the former was also smaller than that of the latter until February 26. However, the results of further cultivation indicated that there was no difference in growth between the sporophytes from both seedlings produced by the two methods. This result demonstrates that the Undaria seedlings used for cultivation can be produced by nursery cultivation using outdoor tanks on land to avoid grazing damage caused by herbivorous fish.
Anxiety, depression, and their relationship with marital satisfaction in Mexican pregnant women living with HIV
Authors: Meingüer-Cuevas Mario de Jesús , Avila-García Miroslava , Sánchez-Bravo Claudia , Figueroa-Damián Ricardo , Plazola-Camacho Noemí Guadalupe , Mancilla-Ramírez Javier , Meza-Rodríguez María del Pilar
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
In Mexico, the National Survey of Psychiatric Epidemiology (ENEP) in 2012, refers that 9.2% of the general population suffered an affective disorder at some point in life, the highest frequency was observed in women (10.4%) while in men (5.4%). In pregnancy, the prevalence of depression is higher compared to the general population (22 to 37%). Marital satisfaction during pregnancy may experience fluctuations due to such psycho-emotional conditions, at the same time, the physical and hormonal changes of the woman, as well as the alteration in the dynamics of the relationship with the partner suppose factors that violate the well-being and marital satisfaction, putting at risk the stability of the couple relationship.
Methods
Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study that included pregnant women with HIV who presented traits of anxiety and depression. A psychometric battery was applied consisting of: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and the Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS Spanish version).
Results
60 patients were recruited and divided into 2 groups (HIV + and HIV-). Anxiety and depression levels were similar in both groups (p > 0.05) but HIV + patients showed lower marital satisfaction (p = 0.051) related to the increase of depressive traits (ρ= -0.33, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
HIV status during pregnancy may increase the possibility of presenting trait/state anxiety traits and depression, a condition related to major marital dissatisfaction.
Clinical Trial Number:
2017-3-128.
The Complex Relationship Between IQ and ADHD: Insights from Behaviors, Cognition, Brain and impairment in 5,138 Children with ADHD
Authors: Liu Ningning , Jia Gaoding , Wang Yinshan , Mou Zelin , Bau Altansumber , Li Haimei , Wang Yufeng , Qian Qiujin , Liu Lu
Published: December 2024

Background
Intelligence quotient (IQ) has traditionally been considered a protective factor against attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, recent findings suggest a more complex relationship. This study aimed to elucidate the nuanced associations between IQ and ADHD. We leveraged a high-quality, multi-dimensional dataset encompassing behavioural, cognitive, and neuroimaging measures from a large ADHD cohort to investigate these relationships comprehensively.
Methods
We conducted a study with 5,138 children, aged 6–16 years, who have been professionally diagnosed with ADHD and have a wide range of IQ levels. General Linear Models were used to fit the relationship between IQ [Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ), Verbal IQ (VIQ), and Performance IQ (PIQ)] and ADHD core symptoms [total scores (TO), inattention (IA), hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI)] while considering sex and age as covariates. Furthermore, we examined if the complex associations between IQ and ADHD symptoms could be validated in executive functions and brain structure associated with ADHD. Finally, Latent class analysis was used to identify IQ and symptomatic characteristics in profiles of functional impairment of ADHD.
Results
Consistent with previous research, our study demonstrated a linear negative correlation between FSIQ and ADHD core symptoms. However, PIQ exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship with HI scores, peaking at a PIQ of 103. These findings were partially corroborated in the relationships between IQ and executive functions, as well as IQ and brain surface area. Latent profile analysis identified three distinct ADHD profiles: Mild Impairment, Severe Academic Deficit, and Social-Academic Deficit. Notably, while higher IQ was associated with less impairment in academic performance, it did not consistently predict social functional impairment. Paradoxically, the group with the least overall impairment exhibited the highest levels of hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms.
Conclusion
This study elucidates the intricate relationship between IQ and ADHD, revealing that elevated Performance IQ is associated with increased hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms, while higher symptom levels may not always indicate worse outcomes.
Global, regional and national burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution. 1990-2021: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Lu Jianguo , Zhao Xiangmei , Gan Shaoyin
Published: December 2024

Background
The ambient particulate matter pollution may play a critical role in the initiation and development of tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer. Up to now, far too little attention has been paid to TBL cancer attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution. This study aims to assess the disease burden of TBL cancer attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution in global, regional and national from 1990 to 2021 to update the epidemiology data of this disease.
Methods
Leveraging data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study, we analyzed the worldwide burden of TBL cancer resulting from ambient particulate matter pollution using indices including disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardised rate of DALYs (ASDR). This burden was further segmented based on variables including geographical location, and socio-demographic index (SDI), age and sex.
Results
The ASDR per 100,000 population of TBL cancer attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution increased by 0.2%[95% UI 0.1 to 0.3] to 79.6[95% UI 49.0 to 111.2] from 1990 to 2021 Globally. Middle-aged and elderly individuals accounted for the majority of the disease burden, with the highest value at the 65–69 years. Most of the disease burden was concentrated in countries with High-middle SDI. There was a positive correlation between ASDR of TBL cancer due to particulate matter pollution and the SDI(ρ = 0.66, p < 0.001). East Asia and Central Europe exhibited higher observed values than the fitted curves, while such as Austraiasia South Asia and Western Sub-Saharan Africa had a lower observed values than the fitted curves. Decomposition analysis showed that population aging and growth were the two major drivers of the increase in DALYs.
Conclusions
The disease burden of TBL cancer attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution has increased, especially in regions and countries with High-middle SDI.
Irradiation with cold atmospheric direct plasma: an innovative approach to treating murine cutaneous wounds
Authors: Ahmed Baida Muhsen , Al-Sharqi Sahar A. H. , Khalaf Madyan Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Cold atmospheric direct plasma (CADP), an ionized gas at ambient temperature, represents a promising approach to enhancing tissue regeneration. A laboratory-based study was conducted to investigate the effects of medical CADP on the reparative potential of full-thickness acute skin wounds in murine models. For the in vivo investigations, two full-thickness dermal injuries were induced in each murine subject, each with a diameter of approximately 8 mm (n = 20). We employed a floating electrode within a CADP system that generates atmospheric pressure air plasma, characterized by a plasma temperature ranging from 36 to 38°C. The dermal wounds received three plasma treatments, administered twice daily for irradiation durations of 5, 15, and 25 seconds. These wounds were subsequently evaluated at intervals of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 11 days post-wounding through histological examination and gene expression analysis. On the eleventh day, the wound healing rates were recorded at 34.80% for the control group, while the plasma-treated groups achieved rates of 56.62%, 84.97%, and 97.82%, respectively. Histological examination revealed that plasma-treatment promotes the development of epidermal keratin and granular strata, along with the formation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Gene expression analysis indicates increased levels of growth factors and a decrease in white blood cell counts. CADP therapeutic intervention has significantly enhanced the healing efficacy of acute dermatological lesions without any noticeable adverse effects or the simultaneous activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. These findings underscore the benefits of employing plasma applications for wound management in clinical settings.
Indications and Outcomes of Endoscopic Gastric Pouch Plications After Bariatric Surgery: An Analysis of the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) Database
Authors: Wills Mélissa V. , Barajas-Gamboa Juan S. , Romero-Velez Gustavo , Strong Andrew , Navarrete Salvador , Corcelles Ricard , Abril Carlos , Pantoja Juan Pablo , Guerron Alfredo D. , Rodriguez John , Kroh Matthew , Dang Jerry
Published: December 2024

Background: Endoscopic gastric pouch plications (EGPP) have emerged as a novel approach for managing weight-related issues and postoperative complications following bariatric surgery. However, safety data for these revisions remains limited.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the 30-day rate of serious complications and mortality associated with EGPP using the MBSAQIP database.
Setting: Hospital
Methods: A retrospective analysis of the MBSAQIP database from 2020 to 2022 was conducted, focusing on patients undergoing EGPP. The primary outcomes were 30-day serious complications and mortality.
Results: The study included 1,474 patients. Weight recurrence (71.9%) was the most common indication for EGPP, followed by inadequate weight loss (15.1%), dumping syndrome (5.5%), reflux (4.1%), gastrointestinal tract fistula (1.0%), and others (0.9%). The mean operative time was 41.2 ± 35.2 minutes, with a mean hospital stay of 0.4 ± 0.7 days. Postoperative complications included 30-day readmissions (3.1%), serious complications (3.3%), 30-day interventions (2.5%), bleeding (0.8%), and reoperations (0.4%). The mortality rate was 0%. Multivariable analysis showed GERD as an independent predictor of serious complications (OR 1.7, 95% CI 0.98 to 3.2, p=0.05) when adjusting for various factors.
Conclusion: EGPP is an uncommon procedure with only 1,474 cases reported, primarily indicated for weight recurrence. It appears to be a relatively safe alternative to surgical revision. However, further research is needed to assess its efficacy and compare it to corresponding surgical revisions.
Design Concept and Kinematic Analysis of a Compliant Anatomical Palm Mechanism for Bio-Inspired Robotic Hand Design
Authors: Chang Ivy , Lee Kok-Meng , Liu Yuyang
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the often-overlooked importance of the palm in robotic hand design, where traditional approaches emphasize finger dexterity and multi-motor manipulation to achieve diverse degrees of freedom (DOF) for grasping. The palm’s ability to conform to objects while grasping is unique due to its versatility to create different shapes. However, replicating this complex folding, bulging, and contouring of the human palm in a mechanical equivalent presents significant challenges. To address this, the paper introduces the concept of a Compliant Anatomical Palmar Mechanism (CAPM), using a combined experimental and numerical approach to model kinematic characteristics of a hybrid rigid/compliant system. The study analyzes how palm movement can enhance grasping performance capabilities. Using data from human hand experiments and finite element analysis (FEA) simulations, the studies predict how palm folding and bulging affect grasping force distribution. This improved modeling allows for more effective robotic design by utilizing palm functions to achieve a broader force distribution in power grasps. A CAPM prototype, integrated into a robotic hand testbed, has been developed to validate the concept and evaluate its effectiveness in grasping by maintaining a stable grasp of a spherical object under an increasing torsional load.
A novel behavioral paradigm reveals the nature of confidence computation in multi-alternative perceptual decision making
Authors: Xue Kai , Shekhar Medha , Rahnev Dobromir
Published: December 2024

A central goal of research in perceptual decision making is to determine the internal computations underlying choice and confidence in complex, multi-alternative tasks. However, revealing these computations requires knowledge of the internal representation upon which the computations operate. Unfortunately, it is unknown how traditional stimuli (e.g., Gabor patches and random dot motion) are represented internally, which calls into question the computations inferred when using such stimuli. Here we develop a new behavioral paradigm where subjects discriminate the dominant color in a cloud of differently colored dots. Critically, we show that the internal representation for these stimuli can be described with a simple, one-parameter equation and that a single free parameter can explain multi-alternative data for up to 12 different conditions. Further, we use this paradigm to test three popular theories: that confidence reflects (1) the probability of being correct, (2) only choice-congruent (i.e., positive) evidence, or (3) the evidence difference between the highest and the second-highest signal. The predictions of the first two theories were falsified in two experiments involving either six or 12 conditions with three choices each. We found that the data were best explained by a model where confidence is based on the difference of the two alternatives with the largest evidence. These results establish a new paradigm in which a single parameter can be used to determine the internal representation for an unlimited number of multi-alternative conditions and challenge two prominent theories of confidence computation.
Uncovering XSS Polyglot Payload Detection with Machine Learning: Advancing Web Security Against Complex Threats
Authors: Garg Dhananjay , Kaundal Rohit
Published: December 2024

The XSS Polyglot (Cross-Site Scripting) payload remains a serious threat to application security, hence the need for innovative ways for detection and mitigation. XSS polyglot payloads are snippets of code with the ability to span many web contexts at the same time. They are hard to identify due to their intelligent syntax and encoding technique, which they can easily use to spoof conventional scanners with traditional pattern matching formats. Despite their notable threat, research on XSS polyglot payloads remains notably limited, highlighting the need for further investigation and the development of more advanced detection methods. This research paper delves into techniques for detecting XSS polyglot payloads through the lens of machine learning. Using an overarching database, which constitutes three types of datasets — XSS Polyglot payloads, Conventional XSS payloads, and benign data appended with textual content — to study the effectiveness of diverse machine learning models in determining malicious and non-malicious content. This study seeks to gather the results of different ML algorithms on malicious and non-malicious data detection. This paper addresses the challenges such as data imbalance and ethical considerations and follows responsible disclosure practices. Experimental results provide the significance of the proposed techniques and enhance the application security against evolving XSS threats. This research contributes to the web security community by providing knowledge and advanced strategies for XSS polyglot payload detection with the support of machine learning methodologies.
Medienkompetenz als Netzwerk
Authors: Baacke Dieter
Published: December 2024

Es freut die Redaktion der Zeitschrift MedienPädagogik einen Grundlagentext von Dieter Baacke aus dem Jahr 1996 wiederveröffentlichen zu können, der hinsichtlich der Diskussionen zur Medienkritik nach wie vor von beeindruckender Aktualität ist. Dabei steht der Begriff der Kritik schon hier in einem deutlichen Zusammenhang mit dem medienpädagogischen Konzept der Medienkompetenz, das Baacke nur selten so pointiert definierte und in prognostischer Art und Weise auf die sozioökonomische Entwicklung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien bezogen hat.
General relativistic stochastic thermodynamics
Authors: Tao Wang , Cai Yifan , Cui Long , Liu Zhao
Published: December 2024

Based on the recent work [J. Stat. Phys. 190, 193 (2023), J. Stat. Phys. 190, 181 (2023)], we formulate the first law and the second law of stochastic thermodynamics in the framework of general relativity. These laws are established for a charged Brownian particle moving in a heat reservoir and subjecting to an external electromagnetic field in generic stationary spacetime background, and in order to maintain general covariance, they are presented respectively in terms of the divergences of the energy current and the entropy density current. The stability of the equilibrium state is also analyzed.
Stone Prague: stoneworking of historical buildings of the capital of Prague
Authors: Cihla Michal
Published: December 2024

An extensive, uniquely comprehensive monograph summarizing long-term research on the traces of stonemasonry tools on the worked surface of historical objects in Prague. The text significantly contributes to the development of methods for indirect dating of buildings, understanding the evolution of the stonemasonry craft. The monograph profoundly contributes to the knowledge of the construction history of Prague.
On the Makhanda Education Summit
Authors: Ntlabezo Sisesakhe , Westaway Ashley
Published: December 2024

The Makhanda Education Summit, a convening of the basic sector in Makhanda, was called by Professor Sizwe Mabizela following more than a decade of deliberate, intentional and collaborative intervention in schools in Makhanda focused on improving learner performance.  The Summit sought to be an inclusive space for members of the education sector in the city of Makhanda, and in doing prioritized ensuring that its delegates included representatives from early childhood development centres, primary schools, high schools and non-profit organisations that work in the education sector.In doing so, the Summit has been situated within the context of the city’s education sector as a crucial co-created reflection point by the community on the development of the education sector following its gradual upliftment through engaged partnership. In addition, it served as a strategic space to collectively identify key goals to shape the future of education in Makhanda and map out the shared pathway towards building a city of education excellence.Explored through the lens of Social Movement Theory, the presenters assess how the Summit’s hyper-local approach to bringing together school leaders and educators after impactful engagement over several years enabled the development of an organic community-driven social movement to emerge.  The Summit demonstrated the necessity and endless potential of collaboration for common good, and the essential role of higher education institutions in driving community development. The paper will provide an overview of the decade's journey towards convening the Summit, reflect on the strategic approaches taken to mobilise buy-in and build a common purpose within the city’s stakeholder network, and share some of the key outputs that will undoubtedly inform the work of the invested stakeholders for the years to come.
Tecnologias sociais de convivência com o semiárido: acesso à água para o consumo e produção agrícola familiar
Authors:   , Fernandes Cleyton dos Santos
Published: December 2024

Nas últimas décadas, as tecnologias sociais de convivência com o semiárido vêm se
consolidando como uma alternativa viável à segurança hídrica em contraposição ao modelo
de política de combate à seca historicamente adotado na região brasileira em que predomina o
clima semiárido. Diante desse contexto, objetivou-se no presente estudo identificar o papel
que essas tecnologias desempenham para a segurança hídrica das comunidades e
assentamentos rurais do semiárido brasileiro. Para isso, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa,
levantando-se dados referentes à temática estudada em diversas fontes, como artigos
científicos, livros, jornais, sites governamentais e de organizações não governamentais -
ONGs que trabalham diretamente com o objeto do presente estudo. Nesse levantamento
buscou-se informações sobre a quantidade, a caracterização, a funcionalidade e o manejo das
principais tecnologias sociais voltadas à captação e armazenamento da água da chuva já
implantadas no semiárido brasileiro, bem como das principais políticas públicas direcionadas
à implantação e disseminação dessas tecnologias. Além disso, realizou-se um estudo de
percepção dos principais atores sociais sobre os benefícios e impactos das principais
tecnologias sociais para as comunidades e assentamentos rurais inseridos no semiárido
brasileiro. No estudo de percepção foram entrevistados gestores de ONGs diretamente
envolvidos na execução das principais políticas públicas voltadas à convivência com o
semiárido e beneficiários das tecnologias sociais. Além das entrevistas, dados sobre o uso
dessas tecnologias em dois assentamentos rurais foram coletados por meio de um estudo de
caso. Os dados produzidos foram analisados e interpretados, identificando-se as ideias
relevantes para os objetivos da pesquisa. Os resultados do estudo apontam que as tecnologias
sociais de convivência com o semiárido referente ao acesso à água beneficiaram mais de 5
milhões de pessoas e ocasionaram transformações sociais profundas no meio rural do
semiárido brasileiro ao promover o acesso à água para consumo e produção agrícola das
famílias. Deste modo, o acesso à água promoveu a diversificação da produção agropecuária
familiar e o incremento de renda, com melhoria na saúde e na qualidade de vida das famílias
beneficiadas. De modo geral, as principais políticas públicas voltadas à democratização do
acesso à água no semiárido brasileiro apresentam eficácia e efetividade, especialmente o
P1MC e o P1+2, todavia, em muitos casos, devido à ausência de uma política de assistência
técnica permanente, há uma subutilização das tecnologias voltadas à produção familiar,
acarretando assim, em desperdício de recursos públicos
Correlation Between Gestational Age by Last Menstrual Period (LMP) and Fetal Biometry Using Ultrasonography in the First Trimester in Ethnic Minangkabau
Authors: Yusrawati . , Serudji Joserizal , Utama Bobby Indra , Sari Puspita
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Ultrasonography (USG) is a reliable method for measuring fetal biometry and estimating birth weight.

Methods

This cross-sectional study examines fetal growth biometry in the Minangkabau ethnic group, with data collected from pregnant women who attended prenatal check-ups at the Fetomaternal clinic of DR. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, in December 2020. A Pearson correlation test was used for bivariate analysis due to the normal distribution of the data (p value <0.05), followed by multivariate analysis using linear regression.

Results

Ultrasound examinations were conducted on 400 pregnant women in their first trimester (4-13 weeks) for prenatal assessments. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated a strong relationship (r=0.94, p=0.0001) between crown-rump length (CRL) and gestational age (GA) as determined by the last menstrual period (LMP).

Conclusion

We have established a national standard for fetal growth assessment and first-trimester ultrasound pregnancy dating in Indonesia, specifically designed for the Minangkabau ethnic population.
Repair Effect of siRNA Double Silencing of the Novel Mechanically Sensitive Ion Channels Piezo1 and TRPV4 on an Osteoarthritis Rat Model
Authors: Jia Zhuqing , Wang Jibin , LI Xiaofei , Yang Qining , Han Jianguo
Published: December 2024

Objective:

This study aimed to explore the repair effect of siRNA-mediated double silencing of the mechanically sensitive ion channels Piezo1 and TRPV4
proteins on a rat model of osteoarthritis.

Methods:

Piezo1 and TRPV4 interference plasmids were constructed using siRNA technology. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups: the
model group, siRNA-Piezo1, siRNA-TRPV4, and double gene silencing groups. Improved Mankin and OARSI scores were calculated based on
H&E staining and Safranin O-fast green staining. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine expression levels of aggrecan and
Collagen II proteins. Piezo1, TRPV4, Aggrecan, and Collagen II mRNA expression in knee joint cartilage tissue were assessed using qRT-PCR.

Results:

Lentivirus-mediated siRNA plasmids (siRNA-Piezo1, siRNA-TRPV4, and double-gene siRNA silencing plasmids) achieved > 90% transfection
efficiency in chondrocytes. RT-PCR results indicated that double-gene siRNA silencing plasmids silenced Piezo1 and TRPV4 mRNA expression
(P < 0.05). Modified Mankin and OARSI scores revealed that the repair effect in the double gene silencing group was significantly better than that
of the siRNA-Piezo1 and siRNA-TRPV4 groups (P < 0.05). Relative expression of aggrecan and collagen II mRNA in the double gene-silenced
group was significantly higher than in the siRNA-Piezo1 and siRNA-TRPV4 groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Double silencing Piezo1 and TRPV4 plays a key role in cartilage repair in an osteoarthritic rat model by promoting the expression of Aggrecan and
Collagen II.
A Review on the Role of Nicotine in Electronic Cigarettes and Their Impact on Oral Tumorigenesis and Metastasis
Authors: Balasamy Sesuraj , Sundramoorthy Ashok K.
Published: December 2024

In this study, we have highlighted the examination of nicotine levels in both e-cigarettes
and traditional cigarettes, elucidating their impact on tumorigenesis and metastasis. This review
delves into the surging prevalence of e-cigarette usage, especially among young demographics,
alongside the conflicting findings regarding their health effects. The passage explores the varied toxicological
impacts of e-cigarettes, the intricate interplay between nicotine and cancer, and the comparative
toxicity vis-à-vis traditional cigarettes. We noted nicotine's influence on accelerating metastasis,
particularly focusing on its effects on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCCs). The clinical
implications underscore the importance of understanding nicotine delivery kinetics for tailored interventions.
Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots Using Basella alba L. Fruits: Characterization and Fluorescent-based Detection of Fe (III) Ions
Authors: Balaji Sai Vishnu , Magesh Vasanth , Jacob Subash , Hazra Subhenjit , Arya Sandeep , Sundramoorthy Ashok K.
Published: December 2024

Background:

The synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from Basella alba L. fruit
using the hydrothermal method is investigated for heavy-metal detection. CQDs have gained significant
attention due to their unique properties, including high photoluminescence, biocompatibility,
and low toxicity. The utilization of natural sources such as Basella alba L. fruit for CQDs synthesis
offers an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach.

Method:

In this study, Basella alba L. fruit was chosen as a precursor for CQDs synthesis due to its
abundance and potential for heavy-metal adsorption. The hydrothermal method was employed as it
provides a simple and efficient route for CQDs synthesis. The process involves the hydrolysis and
carbonization of the fruit extract under controlled temperature and pressure conditions. The resulting
CQDs were categorised using various techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, FE-SEM, EDS,
E-mapping, DLS, Zeta potential, PL spectroscopy, and FTIR.

Results:

UV-Vis confirmed the presence of CQDs via the observation of a distinct absorption peak.
EDS spectrum revealed the formation of CQDs and other groups of elements present with it, which
contribute to their stability and interaction with heavy metals. FESEM images showed that the synthesized
CQDs possessed a uniform size distribution and exhibited a well-defined crystalline structure.
The synthesized CQDs were then evaluated for heavy-metal detection. In addition, due to their
unique surface properties and interaction with heavy metals, CQDs acted as an effective sensor. A
series of experiments were conducted to investigate the sensitivity and selectivity of the CQDs towards
various metal ions. The results demonstrated the superior performance of the synthesized
CQDs in detecting Fe3+ ions, exhibiting high sensitivity and selectivity by quenching fluorescence
when interacting with Fe3+ ions.

Conclusion:

The successful synthesis of CQDs from Basella alba L. fruit is reported. The characterization
results confirmed the formation of CQDs with desirable properties for Fe3+ ions detection.
The obtained CQDs demonstrated promising potential as efficient and eco-friendly sensors for Fe3+
ions detection in environmental and biomedical samples.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Particles: A Comparative Review on Lipid-Based Nanocarriers
Authors: Sharma Anjali , Sharma Devkant , Panda Pritish Kumar , Ghosh Niladry Shekhar
Published: December 2024

Lipid-based nanocarriers have emerged as promising vehicles for the delivery of various
therapeutic agents, owing to their biocompatibility, stability, and ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic
and hydrophobic drugs. Among these lipid-based nanocarriers, Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
(SLNs) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) have gained significant attention in the field of
drug delivery. This comparative review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of SLNs and
NLCs, focusing on their formulation, physicochemical properties, drug-loading capacity, stability,
and drug release profiles. The review highlights the differences in preparation techniques, particle
size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency, stability, drug delivery, cosmetic and personal
care, and food industry applications between SLN and NLC. Furthermore, the review discusses the
toxicity and safety profiles of these nanoparticles, including cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, acute toxicity,
and long-term toxicity. Finally, the review identifies the potential applications, limitations, and
future research directions of SLN and NLC.In summary, this comparative review provides valuable
insights into the formulation, physicochemical properties, drug-loading capacity, stability, and drug
release profiles of SLNs and NLCs. By understanding the similarities and differences between these
lipid-based nanocarriers, researchers and pharmaceutical scientists can make informed decisions regarding
the selection of the most suitable nanocarrier for specific therapeutic applications.
Green Synthesis of Curcumin-Loaded Bacterial Nanocellulose for Topical Application: Preparation and In vivo Study
Authors: Resmi Juniar Kalpika , Dewi Safira Prisya , Rachmawati Heni
Published: December 2024

Background:

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is typically produced through fermentation
using Hestrin Schramm (HS) médium. However, its high cost limits its use in industry. Moreover,
curcumin, as a model substance, is a potential bioactive compound but has low bioavailability. This
also limits its use for clinical application. Thus, a delivery system using more affordable production
of BNC was develop to improve the lack property of curcumin, focusing on topical route.

Objective:

This study aims to determine the best substrate component according to yield value and
evaluate the physical properties as well as the permeation capability of BNC as a delivery matrix
system for curcumin.

Methods:

The optimization of Gluconacetobacter xylinus culture media to produce BNC was conducted
using 6 variation substrates consisting of Palmyra sap (PS) and tofu pulp with certain concentrations.
Following a nine-day period, the yield of BNC was calculated. The selected BNCs were
then impregnated with curcumin-DMSO and curcumin in the form of nanoemulsion (curcumin-
NE). Subsequently, the BNCs containing these curcumin forms were characterized. In vitro testing
of curcumin reléased from BNC was conducted using Franz difusión cells. In addition, the penetration
ability of curcumin across the mice skin was observed using confocal microscopy. In vivo testing
was also conducted to ascertain the safety of BNC-loaded curcumin on mice skin.

Results:

PS-TP substrate (100:0, S-6) was the most appropriate substrate for BNC production, yielding
118.5±0.09 g/L. CR-DMSO and CR-NE were successfully impregnated into BNC. Confocal data
showed that both formulations were able to penétrate the dermis layer. There was no significant
difference was observed between the administration of BNC/CR-DMSO and BNC/CR-NE against
the control.

Conclusion:

BNC successfully produced using palmyra sap shows promising biomembrane for topical
delivery of curcumin. No evidence inflammation or neovascularization in BNC/CR-DMSO- and
BNC/CR-NE-treated mice confirms the safety use of this biomembrane.