bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two-way feedback mechanism between unfavorable meteorological conditions and cumulative aerosol pollution exists in various haze regions of China
Authors: Zhong Junting , Zhang Xiaoye , Wang Yaqiang , Wang Jizhi , Shen Xiaojing , Zhang Hongsheng , Wang Tijian , Xie Zhouqing , Liu Cheng , Zhang Hengde , Zhao Tianliang , Sun Junying , Fan Shaojia , Gao Zhiqiu , Li Yubin , Wang Linlin
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Accompanied by unfavorable meteorological conditions with stable stratification in various haze regions of China, persistent heavy aerosol pollution episodes lasting more than 3 consecutive days (HPEs) frequently occur, particularly in winter. In the North China Plain (NCP), explosive growth in PM2.5, which occurs in some HPES, is dominated by a two-way feedback mechanism between further worsened unfavorable meteorological conditions and cumulative aerosol pollution. However, whether such a two-way feedback mechanism exists in other key haze regions is uncertain; these regions include the Guanzhong Plain (GZP), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, the Two Lakes Basin (TLB), the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, the Sichuan Basin (SB), and the Northeast China Plain (NeCP). In this study, using surface PM2.5 and radiation observations, radiosonde observations, and reanalysis data, we observed the existence of a two-way feedback mechanism in the above six regions. In the SB, this two-way feedback mechanism is weak due to the suppression of cloudy mid-upper layers. In the more polluted NCP, the FWRP, and the NeCP, the feedback is more striking than that in the YRD, the TLB, and the PRD. In these regions, the feedback of worsened meteorological conditions on PM2.5 explains 60–70 % of the increase in PM2.5 during the cumulative stages (CSs). For each region, the low-level cooling bias becomes increasingly substantial with aggravating aerosol pollution and a closer distance to the ground surface. With PM2.5 mass concentrations greater than 400 μg m−3, the near-ground bias exceeded −4 ºC in Beijing and reached up to approximately −4 ºC in Xi’an; this result was caused by accumulated aerosol mass to some extent. In addition to the increase in PM2.5 caused by the two-way feedback, these regions also suffer from the regional transport of pollutants, including inter-regional transport in the FWRP, trans-regional transport from the NCP to the YRD and the TLB, and southwesterly transport in the NeCP.
The OCO-3 mission; measurement objectives and expected
performance based on one year of simulated data
Authors: Eldering Annmarie , Taylor Tommy E. , O'Dell Chris W. , Pavlick Ryan
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory-3 (OCO-3) is NASA's next instrument dedicated to extending the record of the dry-air mole fraction of column carbon dioxide (XCO2) and solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) measurements from space. The current schedule calls for a launch in the first half of 2019 via a Space-X Falcon 9 and Dragon capsule, with installation as an external payload on the Japanese Experimental Module Exposed Facility (JEM-EF) of the International Space Station (ISS). The nominal mission lifetime is 3 years. The precessing orbit of the ISS will allow for viewing of the earth at all latitudes less than approximately 52°, with a ground repeat cycle that is much more complicated than the polar orbiting satellites that so far have carried all of the instruments capable of measuring carbon dioxide from space. The grating spectrometer at the core of OCO-3 is a direct copy of the OCO-2 spectrometer, which was launched into a polar orbit in July 2014. As such, OCO-3 is expected to have similar instrument sensitivity and performance characteristics to OCO-2, which provides measurements of XCO2 with precision better than 1 ppm at 3 Hz with each viewing frame containing 8 footprints of approximate size 1.6 by 2.2 km. However, the physical configuration of the instrument aboard the ISS, as well as the use of a new pointing mirror assembly (PMA), will alter some of the characteristics of the OCO-3 data, compared to OCO-2. Specifically, there will be significant differences from day to day in the sampling locations and time of day. In addition, the flexible PMA system allows for a much more dynamic observation mode schedule. This paper outlines the science objectives of the OCO-3 mission and, using a simulation of one year of global observations, characterizes the spatial sampling, time of day coverage, and anticipated data quality of the simulated L1b. After application of cloud and aerosol prescreening, the L1b radiances are run through the operational L2 full physics retrieval algorithm, as well as post-retrieval filtering and bias correction, to examine the expected coverage and quality of the retrieved XCO2 and to show how the measurement objectives are met. In addition, results of the SIF from the IMAP-DOAS algorithm are analyzed. This paper focuses only on the nominal nadir-land and glint-water observation modes, although on-orbit measurements will also be made in transition and target modes, similar to OCO-2, as well as the new snapshot area mapping mode.
Spatial and temporal variability of groundwater recharge in a sandstone aquifer in a semi-arid region
Authors: Manna Ferdinando , Murray Steven , Abbey Daron , Martin Paul , Cherry John , Parker Beth
Published: November 2018

Abstract. With the aim to understand the spatial and temporal variability of groundwater recharge, a high-resolution, spatially-distributed numerical model (MIKE SHE) representing surface water and groundwater was used to simulate responses to precipitation in a 2.16 km2 upland catchment on fractured sandstone near Los Angeles, California. Exceptionally high temporal and spatial resolution was used for this catchment modeling: an hourly time-step, a 20 × 20 meter grid in the horizontal plane and 240 numerical layers distributed vertically within the thick vadose zone and in the upper part of the groundwater zone. The finest-practical spatial and temporal resolution were selected to accommodate the large degree of surface and subsurface variability of catchment features. Physical property values for the different lithologies were assigned based on previous on-site investigations whereas the parameters controlling streamflow and evapotranspiration were derived from literature information. The calibration of streamflow at the outfall and of transient and average hydraulic head provided confidence in the reasonableness of these input values and in the ability of the model to reproduce observed processes. Confidence in the calibrated model was enhanced by validation through, (i) comparison of simulated average recharge to estimates based on the applications of the chloride mass-balance method from data from the groundwater and vadose zones within and beyond the catchment (Manna et al., 2016; Manna et al., 2017) and, (ii) comparison of the water isotope signature (18O and 2H) in shallow groundwater to the variability of isotope signatures for precipitation events over an annual cycle. The average simulated recharge across the catchment for the period 1995–2014 is 16 mm y−1 (4 % of the average annual precipitation), which is consistent with previous estimates obtained by using the chloride mass balance method (4.2 % of the average precipitation). However, one of the most unexpected results was that local recharge was simulated to vary from 0 to > 1000 mm y−1 due to episodic precipitation and overland runoff effects. This recharge occurs episodically with the major flux events at the bottom of the evapotranspiration zone, as simulated by MIKE SHE and confirmed by the isotope signatures, occurring only at the end of the rainy season. This is the first study that combines MIKE SHE simulations with the analysis of water isotopes in groundwater and rainfall to determine the timing of recharge processes in semi-arid regions. The study advances the understanding of recharge and unsaturated flow processes in semi-arid regions and enhances our ability to predict the effects of surface and subsurface features on recharge rates. This is crucial in highly heterogeneous contaminated sites because different contaminant source areas have widely varying recharge and, hence, groundwater fluxes impacting their mobility.
Joint editorial: Invigorating hydrological research through journal publications
Authors: Quinn Nevil , Blöschl Günter , Bárdossy András , Castellarin Attilio , Clark Martyn , Cudennec Christophe , Koutsoyiannis Demetris , Lall Upmanu , Lichner Lubomir , Parajka Juraj , Peters-Lidard Christa D. , Sander Graham , Savenije Hubert , Smettem Keith , Vereecken Harry , Viglione Alberto , Willems Patrick , Wood Andy , Woods Ross , Xu Chong-Yu , Zehe Erwin
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Editors of several journals in the field of hydrology met during the General
Assembly of the European Geosciences Union (EGU) in Vienna in April 2017.
This event was a follow-up of similar meetings held in 2013 and 2015. These
meetings enable the group of editors to review the current status of the
journals and the publication process, and to share thoughts on future
strategies. Journals were represented at the 2017 meeting by their editors,
as shown in the list of authors. The main points on invigorating
hydrological research through journal publications are communicated in this
joint editorial published in the above journals.
The influence of upper-plate advance and erosion on overriding plate deformation in orogen syntaxes
Authors: Nettesheim Matthias , Ehlers Todd A. , Whipp David M. , Koptev Alexander
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Focused, rapid exhumation of rocks is observed at some orogen syntaxes, but the driving mechanisms remain poorly understood and contested. In this study, we use a fully coupled thermomechanical numerical model to investigate the effect of upper-plate advance and different erosion scenarios on overriding plate deformation. The subducting slab in the model is curved in 3-D, analogous to the indenter geometry observed in seismic studies. We find that the amount of upper-plate advance toward the trench dramatically changes the orientation of major shear zones in the upper plate and the location of rock uplift. Shear along the subduction interface facilitates the formation of a basal detachment situated above the indenter, causing localized rock uplift there. We conclude that the change in orientation and dip angle set by the indenter geometry creates a region of localized uplift as long as subduction of the down-going plate is active. Switching from flat (total) erosion to more realistic fluvial erosion using a landscape evolution model leads to variations in rock uplift at the scale of large catchments. In this case, deepest exhumation again occurs above the indenter apex, but tectonic uplift is modulated on even smaller scales by lithostatic pressure from the overburden of the growing orogen. Highest rock uplift can occur when a strong tectonic uplift field spatially coincides with large erosion potential. This implies that both the geometry of the subducting plate and the geomorphic and climatic conditions are important for the creation of focused, rapid exhumation.
Contemporary Management of Appendicular Skeletal Metastasis by Primary Tumor Type
Authors: Johnson Christopher N. , Gurich Richard W. , Pavey Gabriel J. , Thompson Matthew J.
Published: November 2018

Skeletal metastases exert a profound effect on patients and society, and will be encountered by most orthopedic surgeons. Once a primary malignancy is diagnosed, multidisciplinary management should focus on maximizing the quality of life while minimizing disease- and treatment-related morbidity. This may be best achieved with discerning attention to the unique characteristics of primary cancer types, including pathologic fracture healing rates, longevity, and efficacy of adjuvant therapies. Some lesions may respond well to nonsurgical measures, whereas others may require surgery. A single surgical intervention should allow immediate unrestricted activity and outlive the patient. In certain scenarios, a therapeutic benefit may be provided by excision with a curative intent. In these scenarios, or when endoprosthetic reconstruction is necessary, patients may be best referred to an orthopedic oncologist.
External Fixation in the Emergency Department for Pilon and Unstable Ankle Fractures
Authors: Shah Kalpit N. , Johnson Joey P. , O'Donnell Seth W. , Gil Joseph A. , Born Christopher T. , Hayda Roman A.
Published: November 2018

Introduction:

Pilon and unstable ankle fractures are often treated initially with an external fixator (ex-fix). Ex-fix application in the emergency department (ED) has been described but not compared with that placed in the operating room (OR).

Methods:

Retrospective, case-cohort study was performed at a level-1 trauma center. Using CPT codes, we identified patients who had surgical fixation of pilon or ankle fractures with an initial ex-fix application (in the ED or the OR). Postoperative outcomes and hospital logistical data were compared between the two groups.

Results:

Ninety-six patients met the inclusion criteria. The average age of patients was 47 years, and 54 (56%) of the patients were men. Thirty-three patients had the ex-fix placed in the OR, whereas 63 patients had the ex-fix placed in the ED. Postsurgical complications (prominent implant, nonunion, deep infection, deep vein thrombosis, loss of reduction) were seen in 6 of 33 patients in the ED ex-fix group and in 8 of 63 patients in the OR ex-fix group (P = 0.51). Deep infections occurred in 2 of 33 patients in the OR ex-fix group and in 5 of 63 patients in the ED ex-fix group (P = 0.71). Revision ex-fix for loss of reduction was performed in 4 of 33 patients in the OR ex-fix group and in 10 of 63 patients in the ED ex-fix group (P = 0.59). Mean length of stay was 14 days for the OR ex-fix group and 13 days for the ED ex-fix group (P = 0.35).

Conclusion:

No statistically significant differences were found in postsurgical complications (surgical or infectious) or ex-fix revision rates for the ED ex-fix group and the OR ex-fix group. Results indicate that uniplanar ex-fix may be safely applied in the ED.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, therapeutic
Philippe Lejeune Turns Eighty
Authors: Eakin Paul John
Published: November 2018

A Festschrift for Philippe Lejeune
Le Pacte Philippe
Authors: Hornung Alfred
Published: November 2018

A Festschrift for Philippe Lejeune
Philippe Lejeune and the Spirit of May 1968
Authors: Popkin Jeremy
Published: November 2018

A Festschrift for Philippe Lejeune
Enthusiasm, Curiosity and Creative Approaches: In Recognition of Philippe Lejeune’s Research
Authors: Hämmerle Christa
Published: November 2018

A Festschrift for Philippe Lejeune
Philippe Lejeune: An American(ist)’ Appreciation
Authors: Couser G. Thomas
Published: November 2018

A Festschrift for Philippe Lejeune
Dining with Philippe Lejeune: Just Desserts
Authors: Brant Clare
Published: November 2018

A Festschrift for Philippe Lejeune
Happy Birthday to Philippe Lejeune
Authors: Nr. 2 Postcards
Published: November 2018

A Festschrift for Philippe Lejeune
Ciencia en la cocina. Una propuesta innovadora para enseñar Física y Química en educación secundaria
Authors: García Martínez Nuria , García Martínez Soledad , Andreo Martínez Pedro , Almela Ruiz Luis
Published: November 2018

Este trabajo presenta una propuesta didáctica e innovadora para tratar algunos contenidos relativos a la energía y los cambios de la materia pertenecientes a la asignatura Física y Química de tercero de la ESO. Su finalidad es el acercamiento de la ciencia al entorno real del alumnado, mediante una actividad cotidiana como es la cocina. La propuesta persigue fomentar la motivación y el interés hacia la ciencia y la eliminación de posibles actitudes sexistas. La propuesta combina tres actividades prácticas: elaboración de magdalenas, esferificaciones y cocinado de carne con diferentes fuentes energéticas, y tres actividades TIC: análisis de anuncios publicitarios, búsqueda de fuentes energéticas en un programa de cocina y presentación de una cocina eficiente. Todas las actividades están apoyadas en la ciencia recreativa y el trabajo en equipo.
Atividade física e função da musculatura do assoalho pélvico em mulheres climatéricas: um estudo transversal
Authors: Varella Larissa Ramalho Dantas , Angelo Priscylla Helouyse , Oliveira Maria Clara Eugênia de , Bezerra Lívia Oliveira , Melo Robeilza Trindade de , Micussi Maria Thereza Albuquerque Barbosa Cabral
Published: November 2018

Introdução: A mulher climatérica apresenta fraqueza muscular que pode gerar disfunções pélvicas. Aparentemente a prática regular de atividade física nesse período promove uma melhora da função muscular global. Objetivo: avaliar a função da musculatura do assoalho pélvico (MAP) de acordo com nível de atividade física em mulheres climatéricas. Métodos: estudo observacional, analítico e transversal. A amostra foi composta por 457 mulheres divididas de acordo com o nível de atividade física. A coleta de dados ocorreu através da aplicação da ficha de avaliação, aplicação do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), e avaliação por meio da palpação vaginal e manometria da MAP. Para análise estatística foram usados os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, qui-quadrado e correlação de Pearson. Resultados: As mulheres classificadas como muito ativas obtiveram uma pressão média de 45,24cmH2O, as ativas apresentaram 29,03cmH2O e as sedentárias 27,20cmH2O, com diferença estatística entre os grupos (p=0,003). Conclusão: Quanto mais ativa for a mulher climatérica, melhor será a função da MAP.
Efeitos do fenômeno da irradiação do método de Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva no acidente vascular encefálico sobre o membro inferior: estudo preliminar
Authors: Abreu Manuela De , Oliveira Giovana Maria Rodrigues de , Souza Luciane Aparecida Pascucci Sande de
Published: November 2018

Introdução: A irradiação pelo método de Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva (FNP) não se restringe somente a ativação da musculatura agonista, mas aos músculos homólogos e contralaterais. Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da irradiação sobre a ativação muscular do membro inferior parético, equilíbrio e marcha de indivíduos na fase subaguda pós-AVE. Métodos: cinco indivíduos, avaliados antes e após a intervenção de 12 sessões, incluindo o padrão extensor da diagonal primitiva (D2) de membro superior bilateralmente, em várias posições, por meio da eletromiografia, da escala Fulg-Meyer (FM) e Índice do Andar Dinâmico (IAM). Resultados: As avaliações da FM e do IAM não apresentaram diferenças significativas. A anova fatorial revelou que as variáveis independentes tarefa (p=,00000), músculo (p=,0016) e avaliação (p=,01882) mostraram diferença significativa entre as avaliações. Conclusão: A irradiação do método FNP não promoveu mudanças significativas no equilíbrio e na marcha, mas mostrou ser eficaz na ativação dos músculos do membro inferior nestes pacientes hemiparéticos em recuperação.
Relação entre força muscular periférica e funcionalidade em pacientes críticos
Authors: Ferreira Vitória Dias , Cunha Tamara Martins da , Silva Ivanízia Soares da , Nogueira Patrícia Angélica De Miranda Silva , Fonsêca Aline Medeiros Cavalcanti da
Published: November 2018

Introdução: Os pacientes críticos vão adquirindo fraqueza muscular e diminuição da funcionalidade. Objetivos: Comparar e relacionar a força muscular periférica e funcionalidade em pacientes críticos. Métodos: Utilizado a escala Functional Status Score for Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) e o para identificar a Força de Preensão manual (FPM), o dinamômetro hidráulico de mãoForam divididos em 3 grupos de acordo com o dia de avaliação, sendo: G1 (com 24horas de internação), G2 (com 48horas de internação) e G3 (com mais de 48horas de internação). Resultados: A média da FSS-ICU foi 16,6 pontos em toda a amostra. Houve redução da funcionalidade e da FPM quando comparados os grupos, à medida que aumentou o tempo de internação, sendo estatisticamente significativa apenas no G3. Observou-se correlação moderada entre toda a amostra e o G3 (r= 0,67, p0,01). Conclusão: Os dados sugerem que partir de 48 horas de internação na UTI há diminuição da força periférica e uma correlação entre esta e sua funcionalidade.
THE USE OF A NATURAL RESOURCE IN THE INTERIOR DESIGN OF THE MAIN BUILDING OF THE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF CRACOW
Authors: WOLSKA Anna , CIUREJ Agnieszka , KOWALIK Szymon
Published: November 2018

The paper presents an interesting decorative flooring solution from 1973 on the ground and first floors of the main building of the Pedagogical University of Cracow, named after the Commission of National Education. This flooring is composed of irregular, variably coloured natural stone slabs: the so-called Holy Cross Mountains „marbles”. They represent several rock types from limestone quarries near Chęciny, including mainly Bolechowice, but also Szewce, Łabędziów and Jaźwica. These rocks are traditionally called marbles. However, in fact, petrographically, they are not metamorphic rocks, but strongly lithified and massive, partially crystallized limestones with numerous fossils. They are of Paleozoic age: Middle and Upper Devonian. The type of flooring composed of irregular panels of different sizes and colours is currently rarely used in interior design despite giving an aesthetically pleasing mosaic effect with an interesting pattern. The flooring made of assorted Holy Cross Mountains “marbles” can have a great educational value and great geotouristic significance. Selected and described rocks of different lithological types can be used to create a geotouristic educational path that will be helpful in teaching of subjects related to Earth sciences (e.g. geology, paleontology, rock materials).
Practical aspects of estimating the quantitative mineral composition of copper-bearing sedimentary rocks on the basis a calculation procedure analogical to the CIPW norm
Authors: Nowak Izabella
Published: November 2018

The paper presents a possibility of estimating the content of ore minerals based on chemical analyses of copper-bearing sedimentary rock samples from the North-Sudetic Synclinorium and from the Fore-Sudetic Monocline using a calculation procedure similar to the CIPW norm. The mineralogical data was obtained by means of an optical microscope and an electron microprobe (EPMA). The quantitative composition of gangue minerals was determined using the XRD method, and of the ores by the computer microscopic image analysis (CAMI). The actual set of gangue and ore minerals, their chemical composition, and proportions of copper ores were determined in the samples. Elements that are the main components of identified minerals were selected. The calculation procedure has been developed in accordance with the mineralogical and chemical data. The set of ore minerals determined based on the calculation of the weight ratios is consistent with the microscopic observations of copper-bearing rocks. The obtained ore contents are similar or slightly higher in poorly mineralized samples and slightly lower in highly mineralized samples in comparison to the results of the CAMI method. These differences may be due to different methods of averaging samples (powdered, averaged rock samples, and a thin section). The calculated ore proportions are consistent with those obtained by the CAMI method. The study calculations of the quantitative ore mineral composition using the calculation procedure analogical to the CIPW norm can be used to a preliminary approximation of the quantity of ores in geological prospection and exploration studies, but they require testing of more variants of the element partition between the set of minerals.
Lignite deposits of the Poznań rift valleys system as a guarantee of energy security for Poland
Authors: Urbański Paweł
Published: November 2018

Current and future EU regulations are forcing Poland to reduce the participation of coal in the energy mix in 2030 and in the more distant perspective for the significant development of unsteady renewable sources. The stability of the Polish power system will still be based on lignite that is the cheapest source of energy in the country. This involves the exploitation of new deposits and construction of new power plants that will be useful as the reserve for renewable sources. The Poznań rift valleys system belongs to the richest lignite-bearing areas in Poland. In total, there are estimated over 7.8 billion tons of lignite possible to extraction. These deposits should be a gua­rantee of energy security for Poland.
The occurrence of associated and critical elements in the selected documented Zn-Pb, Cu-Ag, Fe-Ti-V, Mo-Cu-W, Sn, Au-As and Ni deposits in Poland
Authors: Mikulski Stanisław Z. , Oszczepalski Sławomir , Sadłowska Katarzyna , Chmielewski Andrzej , Małek Rafał
Published: November 2018

As part of the research subject of the Polish Geological Survey, funded by NFOŚiGW, a research project was carried out at PGI-NRI in 2015–2018. Its main task was quantitative and qualitative identification of elements accompanying the main ore and associated elements, including critical ones, and mineralogical identification of their main carriers in metallic ore deposits documented after World War II, representing the main metallogenic formations in Poland. The research focused mainly on drill cores from historical survey boreholes, rarely samples from open-pits and deep mines, representing: Mesozoic Zn-Pb ores, Lower Zechstein Cu-Ag ores, Mesoproterozoic Fe-Ti-V ores, Mo-Cu-W porphyry ores, stratiform Sn ores in the Sudetes, Variscan vein and metasomatic Au-As polymetallic ores, and Cenozoic Ni ores. The PIG-PIB Chemical Laboratory performed analytical work (ICP-MS, WD-XRF, GF-ASS), which allowed quantitative identification of approximately 60 chemical elements. In addition, complementary mineralogical and petrographic studies of the trace element carriers were carried out using a polarizing microscope and an electron microprobe (CAMECA SX-100). Before sampling, metal ore-bearing intervals were examined for the content of chemical elements using a portable spectrometer (Olympus XRF Delta). The results indicate the presence of numerous elements in studied deposits, including those currently regarded as critical for the European Union economy. The collected materials allowed both developing detailed geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of ores from individual deposits and identifying critical elements. They show a clear correlation with the main ore metals, and their resources can be a matter of interest in terms of raw materials.
Evaluation of exploitation possibilities of the Bełchatów – Kamieńsk field lignite deposit
Authors: Naworyta Wojciech , Zajączkowski Maciej
Published: November 2018

In view of the shrinking reserves of the Bełchatów lignite deposit in the currently exploited Bełchatów and Szczerców fields, the prolongation of the Bełchatów power plant activity, producing about 20% of Polish electricity, requires access to new deposits. The article presents a preliminary analysis of mining opportunities for the Bełchatów – Kamieńsk field deposit, located in close vicinity of the power plant. The assessment of geological parameters of the deposit and the conditions of possible mining exploitation, as well as external (natural and anthropogenic) conditions, is presented. Analyses have shown that despite the favourable quality parameters of coal in the Kamieńsk field, the deposit has no value as a reserve base for the Bełchatów power plant due to its geological conditions and the depth to the deposit. In addition, surface development facilities prevent profitable exploitation of this deposit. In conclusion, it was pointed out that the location of the external dump in the immediate vicinity of the Bełchatów – Kamieńsk field deposit is not the main reason why the profitable exploitation of this deposit is not possible.
The appearance of copper-bearing mineralization in the region of Muang Xay, Laos
Authors: Zglinicki Karol , Szamałek Krzysztof , Szamałek Krzysztof , Pilaszkiewicz Michał
Published: November 2018

Geotectonic events in the Indochina Peninsula, associatted with the Indosinian orogeny between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic, has created many fold structures and fault areas oin the territory of Laos. Magmatic processes and Earth’s crust deformation enabled arising of rich Cu mineralization. A prospective area for the occurrence of Cu, Ag and Au minerals is the folded region on Muang Xay, northern Laos. The main purpose of geological research of the Muang Xay area was the recognition of chemical and mineralogical composition of rock samples and the evaluation of the area of potential geological resources. During field reconnaissance in 2018, the rock samples were taken from an abandoned mine. It was concluded that primary rocks suffered intense Na-metasomatic processes, preserving primary copper sulphides – bornite, chalcocite and covellite. The content of Cu is up to 49.64% and Ag up to 119.5 ppm. As a result of metasomatism of igneous rocks, diorite or andesite types – albitite was formed. Albitite is composed of medium-grained albite, Mg-chlorite and Cu-carbonates. The prospective research shows that the Muang Xay region has a high potential of metalliferous deposits.
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Fingerprints of Triterpenoids for Distinguishing Between Isodon lophanthoides and Isodon lophanthoides var. gerardianus
Authors: Lin Chaozhan , Liu Fangle , Zhang Runjing , Liu Meiting , Zhu Chenchen , Zhao Jing , Li Shaoping
Published: November 2018

Background: The aerial parts of Isodon lophanthoides (Buch. Ham. ex D. Don) Hara (IL) has been officially recorded as Isodonis lophanthoidis herba by many provincial quality control standards for Chinese herbal medicines in China. Recently, it has been found that one of its varieties, I. lophanthoides var. gerardianus (Benth.) Hara (ILVG) was pretended to be I. lophanthoidis herba in herbal material markets or cultivated bases. Because of the similarity on appearance, these two close-related species were difficult to be identified by morphological characters, especially when they are dried and sliced. Objective: To establish a rapid and specific method for identification of the two herbal medicines. Method: In this paper, a fingerprint of triterpenoids by HPTLC coupled with a digital profiling was established to identify IL and distinguish it from its substitute, ILVG. The specific HPTLC fingerprints constructed by determining twelve batches of IL samples and thirteen batches of ILVG samples, intuitionally reflected the difference between the two species on HPTLC image and the peak-peak rations of chemical distribution. Results: Authentication results of nine batches of commercial samples by the above established HPTLC fingerprints exhibited coincident conclusion with that by morphological means. Conclusions: The HPTLC fingerprint is proven to be simple, repeatable, specific, and suitable for rapid identification of I. lophanthoidis herba. Highlights: An efficient method for identification and distinguishing Isodon lophanthoides from its substitute, I. lophanthoides var. gerardianus, was established. HPTLC fingerprints of ursane-type triterpenoides were constructed and validated by determining IL and ILVG samples.
Relato de experiência de protagonismo realizada por alunos do Ensino Médio com vistas à qualificação da informática educativa em suas escolas.
Authors: Pereira Ana Maria de Oliveira , Garcia Cristiano , Teixeira Adriano
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho apresenta o relato de experiência de um evento científico, com atividades direcionada aos estudantes do Ensino Médio, a partir da gamificação. A pesquisa de caráter exploratório onde utilizou-se como procedimento a pesquisa-ação. O objetivo principal do evento foi proporcionar atividades onde os estudantes pudessem propor soluções para problemas reais na área da educação. A participação dos estudantes ocorreu em duas etapas; a primeira, seleção dos estudantes, a partir de um aplicativo e a segunda, o evento com a atividade do modelo CANVAS. Como resultado foi possível perceber a motivação e participação dos estudantes nas atividades, porém, não sem o grande estímulo do professor ou de quem estava conduzindo a atividade presencial.
Computador na Educação: artefato capaz de auxiliar na problematização das práticas de ensino e aprendizagem?
Authors: Jullian Ricardo , Machado Flora Prata , Costa Ana Cristina
Published: November 2018

Este artigo discute a possibilidade de problematização e de modificações na prática didática de professores do Ensino Fundamental através de determinados processos de apropriação de uso pedagógico das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs). A pesquisa, desenvolvida de forma participativa, realizou-se com um grupo de 13 professores de 5 escolas públicas ao longo de 2017. O Laboratório de Extensão X da Universidade X realizou um curso de formação continuada sobre uso pedagógico das TICs para esses professores. Buscamos identificar, ao longo do curso, quais deles haviam conseguido ou não problematizar e modificar certos aspectos de sua prática didática.
Contribuição e avaliação de uma ferramenta de apoio ao ensino de otimização linear
Authors: Sousa Elke Dias de , Alvarenga Karly Barbosa , Menezes José Elmo de , Menezes Marco Antonio Figueiredo , Vaz Duelci Aparecido de Freitas
Published: November 2018

In this paper we examine the contributions of the “Calculadora para Otimização Linear” (Calculadora LOpt) to be inserted as a tool to support the teaching and learning process of the operational research discipline. The study involved a coordinating teacher, a student, two teachers who applied the questionnaire to students from different courses of two private higher education institutions in the state of Goiás in Brazil. A questionnaire was developed, which was applied in two graduation groups constituted of 81 participants. The analysis and interpretations of the data generated evidence that the use of software in solving linear optimization problems through the simplex method contributes significantly to the teaching and learning process of this discipline, since it facilitates problem solving and creates an interactive learning environment.
Sistemas Tutores Inteligentes que Detectam as Emoções dos Estudantes: um Mapeamento Sistemático
Authors: Reis Helena Macedo , Jaques Patrícia Augustin , Isotani Seiji
Published: November 2018

As emoções vivenciadas pelos estudantes podem influenciar negativamente ou positivamente o aprendizado. Dessa forma, a detecção das emoções dos estudantes por softwares educacionais, como Sistemas Tutores Afetivos (STAs), permite a esses sistemas fornecer uma resposta mais adequada com objetivo de maximizar o aprendizado. Esse artigo apresenta um mapeamento sistemático que foi conduzido com o objetivo de investigar os mecanismos de detecção das emoções empregados por STAs. No total, foram analisados 462 estudos na área. Dentre estes estudos, 84 deles estavam relacionados com STAs e apenas 40 deles satisfizeram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão definidos neste trabalho. Como resultado, verificou-se que a maioria dos estudos usa a análise das expressões faciais como fonte principal de reconhecimento da emoção do estudante, seguido de sinais fisiológicos, linguística e dados comportamentais. Embora existam vários mecanismos para a detecção da emoção do estudante, ainda há carência de estudos que expliquem a relação entre emoções e aprendizado, bem como quais caminhos devem ser seguidos utilizando estas emoções com o propósito de tornar o ensino e a aprendizagem mais efetivos.
Formation of copper sulfides on polypropylene matrix using various reducing agents
Authors: Vonžodaitė Kamilė , Balčiūnaitė Eglė , Alaburdaitė Rasa , Paluckienė Edita
Published: November 2018

Layers of copper sulfides, CuxS, on the surface of a polypropylene film were formed by the sorption–diffusion method using two reducing agents – hydroquinone and hydroxylamine sulfate. The formed copper sulfide layers were investigated by UV/VIS, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and water contact angle measurements (WCA). The investigations confirmed that a layer of nonstoichiometric copper sulfide was formed on the surface of the polypropylene film. The water contact angle measurements revealed the change in adhesive properties of the samples after each treatment stage.
Body Expression and Music Learning in Secondary School. Differences and Associations by Age, Sex, and Interest in Music
Authors: Ruiz-Ariza Alberto , García-Carvajal Elisabet , Marín-López Javier , Sánchez-López M. Virginia , Martínez-López Emilio J.
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to know the opinion of secondary school students about the employment of body expression in music class and if it differed or was associated differently depending on the age, sex, and interest in music. A total of 2,017 secondary school students participated in the study by completing the Body Expression and Music Learning in Secondary School questionnaire. The statistical tests employed were the factor analysis, ANOVA analysis, Student’s T and linear regression analysis. The data showed a high validity and internal consistency in each of three obtained factors: music learning (F1), relationship with classmates (F2) and motivation towards music (F3). The results were higher in girls and in students with more interest in music for all the three factors. Music learning through body expression (F1) and motivation (F3) decreased when age increased. The relationship with classmates (F2) was similar in all ages. An increase of body movement during music lessons is suggested. These activities must be performed mainly in younger students and additional motivational measures should be established to involve both boys and young learners who demonstrate less interest in this subject.
La cultura DIY en educación primaria. Aprendizaje transdisciplinar, colaborativo y compartido en Hub DIYLab
Authors: Domingo-Coscollola Maria , Onsès-Segarra Judit , Sancho-Gil Juana Maria
Published: November 2018

Este artículo da cuenta del proyecto europeo DIYLab y de su implementación en una escuela de educación primaria de España. El proyecto se desarrolló en centros de educación primaria, secundaria y superior de España, Finlandia y Chequia. El foco era incorporar, en las instituciones implicadas, modalidades de aprender relacionadas con la cultura Do it Yourself (DIY). Siguiendo una metodología basada en los principios de la investigación-acción colaborativa, organizamos grupos de discusión con familias, profesorado y alumnado. También, definimos su implementación partiendo de las características de cada centro y de las acciones formativas en el profesorado. Durante la formación, se planteó que los estudiantes realizaran de forma colaborativa una producción audiovisual sobre sus aprendizajes y los procesos que los habían propiciado. A su vez, se decidió en qué proyecto de indagación del centro se implementaría DIYLab para desarrollar características de la cultura DIY tales como la creatividad, la colaboración, la autorregulación, la autoría, la compartición y el uso de tecnologías. Simultáneamente, proporcionamos la plataforma abierta DIYLabHub creada para este proyecto donde se podían compartir las producciones audiovisuales de los estudiantes. Durante la implementación, los investigadores realizamos observaciones, grabaciones y notas de campo. A partir de estas fuentes, centramos los resultados y conclusiones en las producciones audiovisuales que estudiantes de educación primaria de España crearon colaborativamente y compartieron en el Hub así como en las fortalezas y debilidades del proyecto en torno a las relaciones pedagógicas, la competencia digital y la sostenibilidad del proyecto.
“War song of America”: The Vigilantes and American Propagandistic Poetry of the First World War
Authors: Prieto Sara
Published: November 2018

When the United States entered the First World War in April 1917, the Committee of Public Information (CPI) organised several branches of propaganda to advertise and promote the war in hundreds of magazines and newspapers nationwide. One of these organisations was the group of writers known as “the Vigilantes.” This essay examines Fifes and Drums: A Collection of Poems of America at War (1917), published by the Vigilantes a few months after the American declaration of war. The discussion frames the context under which the Vigilantes conceived their poems as well as the main strategies that they employed to poetically portray the role that the United States was to play in the conflict.
The End of the 1914–1918 War in Africa
Authors: Samson Anne
Published: November 2018

The end of the First World War in Africa occurred at different times across the continent as the German colonies capitulated and surrendered to the allied forces between 26 August 1914 and 25 November 1918. The experience of each territory was indicative of its colonial development and local conditions. As the war inched across the landscape so people moved between states of peace and conflict, all caught up in some aspect either directly or through the provision of food and other materials. This chapter explores different experiences across the continent and the legacy of the discussions at Versailles. ERRATUM Anne Samson and the editors of Anglica: An International Journal for English Studies wish to apologize to George Ndakwena Njung for the misspelling of his name in the in-text references and the references section (90, 92, 110).
Happy is the Land that Needs No Heroes
Authors: Coates Donna
Published: November 2018

This essay interrogates two articles by the Canadian historian Jeff Keshen and the Australian historian Mark Sheftall, which assert that the representations of soldiers in the First World War (Anzacs in Australia, members of the Canadian Expeditionary Forces, the CEF), are comparable. I argue, however, that in reaching their conclusions, these historians have either overlooked or insufficiently considered a number of crucial factors, such as the influence the Australian historian/war correspondent C. E. W. Bean had on the reception of Anzacs, whom he venerated and turned into larger-than-life men who liked fighting and were good at it; the significance of the “convict stain” in Australia; and the omission of women writers’ contributions to the “getting of nationhood” in each country. It further addresses why Canadians have not embraced Vimy (a military victory) as their defining moment in the same way as Australians celebrate the landing at Anzac Cove (a military disaster), from which they continue to derive their sense of national identity. In essence, this essay advances that differences between the two nations’ representations of soldiers far outweigh any similarities.
Strategies to Meet The Challenges Of Global Education: Prospects of Asian Higher Education
Authors: Khan Sabur
Published: November 2018

Since human development is a key input to the goal of inclusive and shared economic growth and poverty alleviation, we need to put considerable emphasis on human development. Human capital, in a broad sense, includes education, skills, training, health and other related factors of work forces that determine their overall productivity and capacity to seize opportunities created by economic progress. In  this globalized  world,  the  idea and thoughts  of  internationalization  of  higher  education  especially  in  developing countries like Bangladesh has been deduced from globalization of education process.
An Assessment of E-Learning System for Instructors and Students of Panpacific University
Authors: Fernandez Jane M. , Santos Gina Lee M. , Javier Wennielyn C.
Published: November 2018

Through teaching innovations, E-learning play a vital role in education. The researcher attests by determining the e-learning systems influence on students and instructors. In order to know the perceptions of the students and Instructors the researcher conducted a survey regarding their current experiences. The main purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of elearning used by the School of Computer Studies at Panpacific University. This study will detail the e-learning impacts which had on Instructors and Student participant’s performance about the level of user satisfaction and productivity, utilization and problems encountered. The study found out that the use of e-learning systems shows a positive effect on student learning. Instructors utilized e-learning system as presentation and preparation tool in teaching and learning. Most instructors positively confirm that e-learning supports teaching and learning effectively implemented.
Microwave Irradiation-Assisted Chitosan Hydrolysis Using Cellulase Enzyme
Authors: Rokhati Nur , Pramudono Bambang , Istirokhatun Titik , Susanto Heru
Published: November 2018

The influence of microwave irradiation on the chitosan hydrolysis catalyzed by cellulase enzyme was studied. The hydrolyzed chitosan was characterized by measuring its viscosity and reducing sugar. Further, it was also characterized by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The classical Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters were measured by analyzing the amount of reducing sugars. The results were compared with the hydrolysis by using conventional shaker incubator. The hydrolysis reaction time needed to obtain similar reducing sugar yield was significantly lower for microwave irradiation than shaker incubator. On the other hand, the reduction rate of the relative viscosity was significantly higher for the hydrolysis of chitosan using shaker incubator. A significant difference in chemical structure was observed between hydrolysis using microwave irradiation and shaker incubator. Overall, the result showed that the hydrolysis behavior of chitosan using microwave irradiation is significantly different with using shaker incubator.
Preparation of 2-Methylnaphthalene from 1-Methylnaphthalene via Catalytic Isomerization and Crystallization
Authors: Sun Hao , Sun Kang , Jiang Jianchun , Gu Zhenggui
Published: November 2018

Large amounts of residual 1-methylnaphthalene are generated when 2-methylnaphthalene is extracted from alkyl naphthalene. In order to transform waste into assets, this study proposes a feasible process for preparing 2-methylnaphthalene from 1-methylnaphthalene through isomerization and crystallization. The 1-methylnaphthalene isomerization was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor over mixed acids-treated HBEA zeolite. The results showed that acidic properties of catalysts and reaction temperature were associated with the 2-methylnaphthalene selectivity, yield and catalytic stability. At a high reaction temperature of 623 K, the 2-methylnaphthalene yield was 65.84 %, and the deactivation rate was much lower. The separation of reaction products was then investigated by two consecutive crystallization processes. Under optimal conditions, the 2-methylnaphthalene purity attained 96.67 % in the product, while the yield was 87.48 % in the refining process.