bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of steam-treatment on the chemical component and thermal resistance of bagasse particle for natural-bonded composites product
Authors: Haliffuddin R M A A R , Abu F , Zakaria M N , Osman S , Bahari S A
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of steam-treated bagasse particle by using autoclave. Fine size particle was obtained from the milling process of steam-treated bagasse. Before testing, the particle was pre-treated for 5, 10 and 15 minutes. The determination of extractives, lignin, α-cellulose, holocellulose and ash-content were conducted in accordance with the standard outline in the Technical Association Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI) test methods. Overall results show that the chemical properties have been diminished over time. The chemical properties with the highest percentage of extractive, lignin, ash and holocellulose contents (which was 3.9%, 39.15%, 1.45% and 73% respectively, was extracted at 121°C for 5 minutes). The lowest percentage of extractive, lignin, ash and holocellulose contents (which was 0.8%, 25.30%, 0.88% and 51% respectively, was extracted at 121°C for 15 minutes). It is concluded that longer steam treatment time (beyond 15 minutes) may degrade the chemical properties of bagasse. In addition, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was also carried out to investigate the thermal resistance of bagasse particle. Based on the results, the 10 minutes steamed samples have the highest peak degradation temperature, which was 286.8 °C, while the 15 minutes steamed samples have the lowest peak degradation, which was 246.4 °C. This shows that longer steaming period (more than 10 minutes) will decrease the thermal resistance of the bagasse particle.
Functional and performance test of modified lug wheel on two wheels tractor with pivot type trailer
Authors: Idkham M , Dhafir M , Safrizal  , Putri L
Published: December 2021

Palm oil fields with slopes require special wheels for transportation for transporting fresh fruit bunches (FFB), the special wheels in question are modified wheels from the existing cage wheel, the modified wheels can adjust the slope conditions on the land with the lug angle adjustment mechanism. The objective of this study was to test the functional and performance of the modified lug wheel as a means of transporting FFB on sloping land using a hand tractor on a pivot type trailer. Functional testing on the modified lug wheel was carried out by observing changes in the angle of the lugs (0, 15, 30, 45)0 by lifting one of the tractor shafts first using a jack, after which the locking pins were released. The angle change rim can be moved clockwise or anticlockwise by hand according to the desired lug angle. Performance testing on the modified lug wheel is carried out by observing and calculating the slip on the wheel. Functional testing on trailer pivots is carried out by observing all components of the towing system when installed and operated, to determine whether the trailer towing system can function properly. Performance testing on the pivot trailer is done by observing and calculating the turning radius when the tractor turns. Performance testing is also carried out by observing the stability of the two-wheel tractor and trailer. The slope of the land and the angle of the lugs greatly affect wheel slip, the higher the slope on a land, the higher the possibility of wheel slippage during operation. The test results show that the use of modified lug wheels shows better performance at 30° lug angle, as seen from the smaller slip value at 30° lug angle.
Review of rice transplanter and direct seeder to be applied in Indonesia paddy field
Authors: Pitoyo J , Idkham M
Published: December 2021

The challenge to plant one seed or plant per hill by rice ordinary rice transplanter (RT) is still difficult to be achieved due to random in sowing seed by on rice nursery tray. But due to the vigority of seed after sowing in the field and also the unfavorable condition, the more number of seed are still needed and the yield lower compare transplanter method. Recently, the use of rice direct seeding has been increasing rapidly owing to rural labor shortages and continuous increases in agricultural production costs. This article reviews the research and application progress of mechanized rice direct seeding including direct seeding technologies, precision rice seeding, precision rice seed-metering devices. The other important component on succession direct seeding method is also discussed i.e. calcium gypsum coating and iron powder coating. Operating direct seeding machine also need consider about land and water management. Paddy field need to be managed since the seed drooped in order give favor condition of seed and facility the seed with optimum growing condition. In this approach, pre-germinated seeds are uniformly hill-dropped in the expected positions in puddled soil. The both technology PNRT and RDS have prospect and great potential for promoting the development of precession on rice cultivation in Asia.
The application of NIRS method for non-destructive measurement of fat and carbohydrates in pumpkin seeds
Authors: Ifmalinda  , Andasuryani  , Santosa  , Putri I
Published: December 2021

Pumpkin is one of the agricultural products that can be used as an alternative food ingredient. Chemical content such as carbohydrates and fats can be obtained by the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) method by using NIR light that is penetrated from the material so that the reflectance and absorbance spectra will be obtained. This spectral data is the value of the reflectance intensity and is the raw data that still contains noise. Furthermore, it is processed with the NIRS data processing method to reduce the influence of wave inference and noise on the spectral data in order to obtain more accurate results. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best calibration mode to estimate the fat and carbohydrate content of pumpkin seeds using the NIRS method. Pre-treatment of the spectrum data was carried out with GapDerivarive and Derivative Savitzky-Golay. NIRS spectra data were processed using the multivariate Partial Least Squares (PLS) calibration method. The results showed the best calibration model for carbohydrate and fat content using DerivativeGap data processing with values of r = 0.95, R2 = 0.98, SEC = 1.25, and RMSEC = 1.23. and using Latent Variable (LV) factor 3, while for fat content r = 0.99, R2 = 0.89, SEC = 0.17 and RMSEC = 0.17. and using Latent Variable (LV) factor 4.
Implementation of land and water controlling: case study in Sriharjo Village, Bantul District, Yogyakarta
Authors: Jayanti D S , Arif S S , Susanto S , Sutiarso L
Published: December 2021

The concept of knowledge management is required to implicate the management of human resources, natural resources, and information technology to raise the consciousness of agricultural performers of the importance of knowledge-based concepts and strategies. The problem is how to increase knowledge of human resources sustainably to improve performance and competitiveness and create a decision-making process as the first step to implement agricultural management in a more focused and measurable. Knowledge management in Sriharjo Village has begun to be developed but has not been implemented and managed optimally as a knowledge asset. This research used a qualitative approach to identify knowledge gaps and a SECI model approach to determine the implementation and knowledge management strategy. This research aims to implement a knowledge management system strategy based on water and land resources in Sriharjo Village. A Collecting data with questionnaires and interviews with respondents and taking samples of respondents in the purposive sampling method. Knowledge will disappear if only stored in a tacit form, but sharing knowledge and implementing knowledge management through the transformation of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge can increase understanding, a consciousness of managers and users, and minimize gaps. The application of KM is necessary to share knowledge with each member of the organization, such as organize meetings, discussions, socialization, using internet media, counseling, and training to improve the performance and sustainability of the organization.
Detection of organophosphate pesticide residues of chili (capsicum annuum l.) in different seasons in Aceh province
Authors: Megawati  , Sulaiman M I , Zakaria S
Published: December 2021

Chili is one of the essential food products that serve as a flavoring ingredient in the diet of the Indonesian people, especially in Aceh province. The analysis was conducted to investigate the safety level of chili sold in traditional markets of Aceh. The analysis was carried out on chili products sold in two different seasons, the rainy season (February, March and October) and the dry season (April, May, and August). Analysis of chili harvested in the rainy season was carried out on six samples from 6 districts. In comparison, analysis on samples sold in the dry season was obtained from 27 samples from 17 districts within Aceh Province. The study was conducted to analyze the pesticide residue of chili, which was traded in the traditional market in Aceh province for pesticides belong to the organophosphate group. Analysis was performed using Gas Chromatography (GC). The results of the analysis showed that in the rainy season, pesticide residue found in 2 districts (Aceh Besar and Bireuen districts). This residue belong to chlorpyrifos (0.74 mg kg−1) and dimethoate (0.61 mg kg−1). Meanwhile, in the dry season, five samples in four districts detected pesticide residues from the organophosphate group. However, only one district (Aceh Tamiang) had pesticide residues exceeding the MRL or more than 3 mg kg−1. The pesticide residue obtained in Aceh Tamiang district is (5.18 mg kg−1) from the profenofos group.
System dynamics modeling on new generation cooperative as an alternative to enhance bargaining position of potato farmers in Bener Meriah district
Authors: Baihaqi A , Hakim L , Marsudi E , Zulkarnain
Published: December 2021

This study aims to create a New Generation Cooperative (NGC) model in potato supply chain in Bener Meriah District, which is also the subject of research, by applying the system dynamics method to build a dynamic and complex NGC model. This modeling is carried out as an effort to enhance bargaining position at farm level. The result showed that non-formal partnership relationship in potato supply chain is originated from the gap in capital ownership between farmers and intermediary traders, thus giving rise to motivation to control farmers by providing financial loan to farmers. Loan recipient farmers must commit to sell potato only to financial aid traders. This causes the loss of opportunity to sell potato to other parties, which has an impact on the occurrence of pressure on selling price of farmers’s potato. Farmers face asymmetry information, especially regarding the selling price prevailing in the market. On the other hand, formal partnership starts with the industry motivation that is to obtain raw materials, that meet quality requirements on an ongoing basis. In a formal partnership, technology transfer occurs from partners to farmers. Farmers get marketing and price certainty, wider marketing access, and have the opportunity to earn higher profits. Based on the simulation results, data obtained that farmers who are the NGC members get higher revenue, profit, and business efficiency level, than non-partnership farmers.
The Potential of agro-industry development based on agroforestry in Peusangan Forest, Indonesia
Authors: Mahyuddin  , Karim A , Sugianto  , Anhar A
Published: December 2021

Forest Product Utilization Permit (IUPHH) has the right to manage a production forest is also obliged to keep the production forest functioning properly and not being converted into other uses. The collaboration pattern between the IUPHH management unit and the community around the forest is one of the best ways to monitor and apply the silvicultural method of production forest by creating an agro-industry for the community around the forest. The problem is what type of agroforestry is more dominant and more profitable. The purpose of this research is to find out what types of commodities are suitable to be developed in the area around the Peusangan production forest. This research was conducted by means of direct interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis used Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results show that the community around the Peusangan production forest is more suitable to develop dragon blood (daemonorops draco) plant agroforestry, either by utilizing / collecting non-timber forest products or cultivating it which has a value of 0.457, this value is very large compared to other commodities, while considering the market availability which has a value weight of 0.587, constitutes the majority consideration.
Operator workload analysis on coconut tree climbing using portable coconut climbing equipment
Authors: Dhafir M , Idkham M , Safrizal  , Munawar A A , Azrial P
Published: December 2021

Recently, the work of climbing coconuts, especially in Aceh Province Indonesia still uses traditional methods, namely by climbing coconut trees directly. Traditional climbing is very high risk because it can fall which threatens the safety of life. Besides that, this job is also a heavy work category because it requires a lot of energy to do it. Therefore, the analysis of operator workload on climbing coconut trees using portable coconut climbing equipment is expected to be useful for developing tool designs and methods for climbing coconuts that are safer, more comfortable and more effective. The calculation of the operator’s workload is based on heart rate measurements, where three operators have their heart rate data taken during coconut tree climbing activities, either manually or using portable climbing tools. The workloads analyzed are qualitative and quantitative workloads. The results of the workload analysis indicate that climbing is traditionally classified as a “medium” job with an average IRHR value of 1.45, while using portable climbing equipment is classified as heavy work with an IRHR value of 1.54 The traditional climbing energy consumption rate is 3.29 kcal/hour.kg-ow (kilocalories per hour per operator’s weight), while using a portable climbing equipment is 3.82 kcal/hour.kg-ow. The high level of operator workload is largely determined by the operator’s habits in doing climbing as well as skills that must be trained in operating the tool. However, in terms of operator safety, the use of portable equipment has a higher level of security because there are footrests and handrails as well as seat belts.
Design of floating photovoltaic system for fish pond lighting
Authors: Arimufti G S H , Sunanda W , Gusa R F
Published: December 2021

The floating photovoltaic panel is increasingly being used. This is one of the ways to reduce temperature rise in photovoltaic panel. The floating photovoltaic panel is used for lighting at the fish pond. A unit of 8-watt lamp for lighting supplied by 1 unit of 50 Wp photovoltaic panel and 1 unit of 12 V/3.5 Ah battery. The heatsink attached to the bottom of the floating photovoltaic panel transfers heat from the panel to the fish pond water. Sensors are connected to Arduino to measure photovoltaic panel output voltage and current, solar irradiance, photovoltaic panel temperature and fish pond water temperature. From the measurement, the voltage generated from the floating photovoltaic panel is 12.71 – 14.71 V and the current is 0.15 - 1.17 A. While the solar irradiance value is 71 W/m2 to 396 W/m2, the surface temperature of photovoltaic panel is 26.9°C - 32.4°C and fish pond water temperature is 27.1°C - 30.2°C.
Quantifying the perceptions of the 2018 Palu earthquake survivors on the use of light bricks as a wall material of simple house
Authors: Tunas I G , Asrafil  , Parwati N M S
Published: December 2021

The construction of new housing for rehabilitation and reconstruction purposes must minimize the risks that may occur due to earthquakes, one of which is by using light materials (light bricks) as wall construction. However, the use of light bricks is often misunderstood by earthquake survivors because they are considered to have insufficient strength as a construction material. This paper intends to introduce light bricks to exposed communities and further quantify their perceptions of the application of this material to the rehabilitation and reconstruction of their buildings. The introduction of the material is done through socialization by displaying the results of laboratory tests of compressive strength and showing evidence of the application of this material in other places. The perceptions of the impacted community were analyzed from questionnaire results to 50 respondents with ten questions as the measurement reference. The results of the analysis show that almost all respondents show fairly good acceptance of light brick applications with a score of 3.70 of 5. Based on perception, the use of light bricks as a wall material has the opportunity to be applied for residential rehabilitation and reconstruction as a result of the 2018 Palu earthquake.
Analysis of linkage type sea wave power plant design through motion study and 3D printed modelling
Authors: Prayitnoadi R P , Wibowo B S , Pamungkas A , Islamiyah A , Lestari M , Putri R , Ridwan R F , Rosa F
Published: December 2021

Sustainable energy generation is becoming increasingly important because of the expected limitations in current energy resources and for reducing pollution. Wave energy generation has seen significant developments in recent years. This research has produced a linkage-type PLTGL design that utilizes ocean waves to raise and lower the float lever and move the linkage mechanism which then causes a back and forth movement of the rack gear which will rotate the pinion and cause the dynamo drive shaft to rotate. Using ocean wave data in the waters of Tanjung Berikat, Bangka Tengah, and with the help of the SolidWorks application, this design is then simulated to determine the resulting movement and rotation. The rotation generated through the simulation can reach 532 Rpm with the assumption that it does not involve friction forces and material loads that exist in the PLTGL design. This design was made in 3D using the CR-10 V3 type 3D printing machine which produced a model with a scale of 25% of the original design. The model is used as a discussion material for designers to improve the design.
The air quality index based on measurements of mobile air quality monitoring station at the waste-to-energy incineration plant PLTSa Bantargebang
Authors: Kristyawan I P A , Wiharja  , Shoiful A , Hendrayanto P A , Santoso A D , Suwedi N
Published: December 2021

Ambient air quality monitoring at waste-to-energy incineration pilot plant PLTSa Bantargebang is performed using a mobile monitoring station. The mobile monitoring station is equipped with meteorological and emission (CO, O3, NO2, PM10, PM2.5, and SO2) measurement. The monitoring was performed for 24 hour with 1 minute intervals. The emission measurement data was analyzed using Indonesian Air pollution standard index regulation (PermenLHK P.14/2020). The CO, O3, NO2, PM10, and SO2 index were in good category (1-50), while the PM2.5 index was classified as moderate (65.992). The results show that the air quality at PLTSa Bantargebang is still acceptable for human health.
Distillation-Adsorption of Bioethanol Using Natural Kaolin
Authors: Sari F I P , Wibowo B S , Irwanto R , Sarfita S
Published: December 2021

Bioethanol has been known as one of the alternative energy sources to replace petroleum. The use of bioethanol as a fuel has requirements that must meet fuel standards or refer to as Fuel Grade Ethanol (FGE). Further refining is required to achieve this qualification. The distillation method is the most commonly used method in bioethanol purification, but the results are less than optimal and sometimes the ethanol produced will be more volatile. Distillation-adsorption method using clay-based materials was developed to solve this problem. The purpose of this study is to purify bioethanol and determine the physical characteristics of the bioethanol produced and to assess the % purity of bioethanol from adsorption distillation. Characterization of activated natural kaolin as adsorbent, determination of the optimum contact time in the distillation-adsorption process, determination of the optimum mass of kaolin used and determination of the physical properties of bioethanol have been carried out. The results showed that 1 hour adsorption distillation could increase the ethanol content from 7.9% to 29.33%. In the study of the effect of the mass of kaolin, the optimum result was 25.25% ethanol using a mass of 5 grams. physical properties test of bioethanol obtained a density of 0.8211 gr/cm3 and a viscosity of 2.096 cps.
Advanced Yield Trial of F7 Upland Rice Lines with Lodging Resistance in Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia
Authors: Mustikarini E D , Prayoga G I , Santi R , Sari N P E
Published: December 2021

Upland rice with a high yield becomes a priority in rice breeding activities. High yield can be obtained if the rice plant has lodging resistance. This study aims to determine the yield and selection of F7 upland rice lines as the candidate for superior varieties with lodging resistance. The research was conducted in ultisol land, Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The study used the experiment method with randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The treatment used F7 upland rice lines and 5 genotypes as check varieties. The five of F7 lines used were 19I-06-09-23-03, 21B-57-21-21-23, 23F-04-10-18-18, 23A-56-20-07-20 and 23A-56-22-20-05. The five check viarieties used were Danau Gaung, Inpago 8, Inpago 12, Rindang and Situ Patenggang. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Least Significant Increase (LSI) test. The results showed that 2 lines had a higher yield than the comparison genotypes were 23A-56-22-20- 05 and 23F-04-10-18-18. Hence, the recommended lines as the candidates for superior varieties with lodging resistance are 23A-56-22-20-05 for red rice type and 23F-04-10-18-18 for white rice type.
Vocational high school as a part of Indonesian photovoltaics supply chain
Authors: Budiarto R , Effendy N , Aliyah F , Novitasari D , Mubarok I A , Arruzi R K , Fikriyadi Z A , Handayani T P , Adudu H H
Published: December 2021

As a part of its national policy, Indonesia significantly increases its photovoltaics (PV) role in its energy mix. As investment in PV grows significantly, there is also demand to increase benefits in new jobs creation. Meanwhile, the dependence on imported components and support for the operation and maintenance of the system is still a big challenge. There is a strong demand in increasing capacity of the national industry to provide support in various aspects. This capability in all parts of the Indonesian PV supply chain needs to be improved. This study explored the opportunity to more intensively integrate the vocational education system into the PV supply chain to answer the problem related to the PV application in Indonesia. The research was focused on the Vocational High School (VHS). The analysis is conducted on various data of the VHS: its number, its spatial distribution, and its program to develop the student’s expertise. The study shows that VHS has opportunities to play a significant role in developing the PV industry in Indonesia. It can be realized systemically not merely for skilled labor provision but also to increase the production capacity of various PV system components.
The effect of bioethanol mixture of raw coconut roomie (Cocos nucifera) with Pertamax (RON 92) and Pertalite (RON 90) fuels on the performance of a gasoline motor
Authors: Puspawan A , Supardi N I , Suandi A , Samosir H R , Indarto
Published: December 2021

Bioethanol is ethanol produced from glucose fermentation followed by the distillation process. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of gasoline-fueled motors using bioethanol fuel mixed with pertamax (RON 90) and pertalite (RON92) fuels with a mixed percentage of B0%, B5%, B10%, B15%, and B20%. In this research, bioethanol is made from basic ingredients of coconut roomie (Cocos nucifera), which is fermented then continued with the distillation process to obtain bioethanol with a purity level of 80%. Bioetahnol is used as a fuel mixture using a gasoline fuel motor. The results of testing the mixture of bioethanol B20% and pertamax (RON 90) fuel with the highest torque is 11.94 Nm at rotation 2600 rpm. Bioethanol B20% and pertalite (RON 92) fuel with the highest torque is 11.79 Nm at rotation 2600 rpm. Bioethanol B20% and pertamax (RON 90) fuel the highest initial power is 4.58 hp at rotation 2900 rpm. Bioethanol B20% and pertalite (RON 92) fuel’s the highest power is 4.52 hp at rotation 2900 rpm. Bioethanol B20% and Pertamax (RON 90) fuel shows that the lowest specific fuel consumption is 0.28 kg/hp.h. Bioethanol B20% and pertalite (RON 92) fuel the lowest specific fuel consumption pertalite is 0.29 kg/hp.h. The greater the percentage of in pertamax (RON 90) fuel and pertalite (RON 92) fuel, the specific fuel consumption will be more efficient. In the mixture of pertamax (RON 90) fuel and bioethanol B20% is the largest value torque and power, but specific fuel consumption is the lowest.
Marine debris: Sources, characteristics, and environmental impact on Baturusa River, Bangka Belitung
Authors: Syari I A , Manik J D N , Akhrianti I , Pamungkas A
Published: December 2021

Seas are highly susceptible to pollution from marine debris. Baturusa River at the Bangka Belitung Islands province may be a major source of marine debris. Anthropogenic activities such as urban settlements, ports, and coastal tourism contribute to marine debris which threatens the environment. This study located at Koala and Pasir Padi Beach and the mangrove ecosystems surrounding the Baturusa estuary. The sampling and analyzing methods were based on NOAA and MoEF guidelines which categorize debris into macro-sized and meso-sized. In terms of weight, plastic dominated the macro and meso marine debris samples from Pasir Padi Beach with 60% and 100% respectively, and from Koala Beach with 30% and 56% respectively. The density of the debris samples mostly came from plastic with 3.4 pcs/m2 for macro, and cork with 0.76 pcs/m2 for meso. The source of the marine debris is assumed to be households and tourism, where waste is deposited in the river and is carried to the estuary where it threatens the mangrove ecosystems. The Mangrove Health Index of the Baturusa estuary is moderate, with 41.44% and 39.42% respectively. This study will be a fundamental data for formulating the most suitable regulation of waste management in Bangka Belitung.
The effectiveness of filtration and phytoremediation with combination of aquatic plants in wastewater treatment of Sasirangan industry
Authors: Ilmannafian A G , Kiptiah M , Darmawan M I
Published: December 2021

Most of Sasirangan fabric industry in South Kalimantan have not carried out an optimal wastewater treatment effort. In order to improve the quality of the waste, a combination of filtration and phytoremediation using the symbiosis of water hyacinth and Jeringau plants were applied. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the filtration and phytoremediation processes using a combination of the two aquatic plants. The method used in this study was an experimental method with the treatment of a comparison of water hyacinth and Jeringau, namely 1: 3, 1: 1, and 3: 1 (w/w). The research stages are the acclimatization of the two aquatic plants for ten days, filtration with sand, gravel, and coconut fibers, and phytoremediation. The parameters tested in this study were BOD, COD, and TSS. The results showed that the combination of filtration and phytoremediation with the combination of the two water plants was able to improve the quality of sasirangan’s effluent. The best treatment for BOD and TSS was the combination of water hyacinth and Jeringau 1:1 (w/w) with the effectiveness obtained was 75.57% for BOD; and 63.93% for TSS, and the combination of water hyacinth and Jeringau at 3:1 (w/w) for COD with the effectiveness of 87.20% for COD.
The application of artificial neural network for quality prediction of industrial standard water
Authors: Muharni Y , Kulsum  , Denisa A , Hartono
Published: December 2021

Industrial Standard water is a source of water before being distributed in industry and household in a certain area. For the sake of health, quality water is a must to fulfill and control. Quality of water having several variables as indicators. One indicator, namely, Turbidity. It is defined as the level of cloudiness of water due to the presence of particles, mud or microorganisms. The highest of turbidity value meaning the index of water quality is low. In this study, we apply the Artificial neural network method for predicting the turbidity value. Three input variables are engaged, PH level, color spectrum, and electrical conductivity. As much of 827 data were collected during six months. Seventy percent are used for training and the rest thirty percent were used for testing. The ANN architecture consists of 3-6-1 configuration, 3 input variables, 6 hidden layers, and 1 output variable. The training was set into 1000 epoch and the MSE shows 0,0013, meaning that the ANN has the power of prediction. The prediction of turbidity level has a managerial implication as supporting information for purchasing decision of material in water processing
Solution combustion method to synthesize magnetic Fe3O4 as photocatalytic of Congo red dye and antibacterial activity
Authors: Salni  , Said M , Hariani P L , Apriani I
Published: December 2021

Fe3O4 has been synthesized using the combustion solution method using glycine as fuel. The Fe3O4 was used as a catalyst in the photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye. The Fe3O4 were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The characterization showed that Fe3O4 has an inverse spinel structure with a crystalline size of 35.6 nm. Fe3O4 has an optical band gap of 2.16 eV, and a saturation magnetization of 83.76 emu/g. The study showed that the highest photocatalytic degradation was at 90 min of irradiation time using visible light irradiation, the concentration of Congo red dye of 10 mg/L, and pH solution of 5, with a photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 97.70%. The experiment indicated that the photocatalytic degradation of the Congo red dye by Fe3O4 followed a pseudo-first-order. Fe3O4 is effective as an antibacterial against gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli).
Improved the quantity of DMM calibration services by speeding up the quality of the measurement method
Authors: Sardjono H , Wijonarko S , Wahono D R
Published: December 2021

The DMM standard is a digital multi-function standard measuring instrument used to determine the accuracy of the use of voltage and current values which are important parameters of electrical energy values. This measuring instrument is an intelligent measuring instrument because it is equipped with an intermediary facility to communicate with the control device. Regarding the application of the DMM standard in calibration services, the speed of service can only be carried out by the automatic DMM calibration system. Quality and continuity of calibration services can be obtained respectively by 350 % and 400 % after the establishment of the automatic DMM measurement system in SNSU - BSN.
Biosynthesis and characterization of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) via Antidesma bunius L. fruit extract
Authors: Fabiani V A , Sari F I P , Nur’aini  , Putri S A
Published: December 2021

Biosynthesis of ZnFe2O4 via Antidesma bunius L fruit extract has been carried out. In this synthesis, Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and Fe(NO3)3.9H2O were used which act as precursors of Zn2+ and Fe3+ ions with a coefficient ratio of 1:2 using the coprecipitation method with variations in calcination temperatures of 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C. The precursor used is NaOH. XRD data showed that there are diffraction peaks of ZnFe2O4 in all samples but at a calcination temperature of 700,°C the diffraction peaks of ZnFe2O4 with high intensity are more visible at 2Θ = 31.78°, 34.42°, 35.2°, 36.22°, 56.61° this peak corresponds to the peak ZnFe2O4 diffraction (JCPDS 22-1012) in addition there is also a peak of ZnO at 2Θ = 31.7°, 34.4°, 36.2°, 47.5°, 62.8°, 66.5° and 69.2° (JCPDS 36-1451). FTIR analysis showed that the Zn-O stretching group was at wave numbers 837 cm-1, 870 cm-1, 1058 cm-1, 1065 cm-1, and 1350 cm-1. The Zn-O-Zn strain is found at wave numbers 1350 cm-1, 1633 cm-1, and 1634 cm-1, respectively. The appearance of these bonding groups proves that the synthesis of ZnFe2O4 has been formed.
Relationship of plant types to noise pollution absorption level to improve the quality of the road environment
Authors: Yofianti D , Usman K
Published: December 2021

The road conditions with high density and noise levels as well as the limited availability of plants along the road could lead to an increase in noise pollution. The quality of the road environment is influenced by the types of plants planted along the road. This study aims to determine the relationship between types of plants in absorbing noise pollution to improve the quality of the road environment. Data on plant type and noise levels on urban roads are obtain from previous research that has been conducted in several road segments in urban areas. The analysis will show the relationship between certain types of plants in reducing the level of noise pollution along urban roads. The reduced level of noise pollution due to absorption by certain types of plants can increase the comfort of road users in driving. In addition, improving the quality of the road environment can also support the implementation of the Green Infrastructure concept. Therefore, the quality of the road environment can be one of the considerations in planning urban roads.
Geopark Belitong : Environment Based Tourism Branding in Belitung Island
Authors: Zukhri N , Rosalina E , Christianingrum C
Published: December 2021

The Belitong Geopark is a new environmental-based tourism branding. It has been designated for 15 April 2021 in Paris. It has a meeting at UNESCO Global Geopark at the 211th session of the UNESCO Executive Council. This study aims to analyze how the perceptions of the community, tourists, and tourism actors on tourism in Belitung Island. It was establishing Belitung Island as a UNESCO Global Geopark. The study used in this paper is a quantitative study with surveys as the approach. Data collection technique by using questionnaires, interviews, observation, and documentation. The selection of the study was based on the consideration of being able to dig up more detailed information. So, an in-depth analysis could find the formulation. It is an effort to speed up the awakening of the eco-based tourism industry. It was on the island of Belitung. This study finds that the Belitong Geopark is new hope. The new hopes about the revival of Belitung Island’s eco-based tourism. Another finding from this study is that efforts are needed. The effort is to maintain the uniqueness of the Belitong Geopark. It was a combination of geological, biological, and cultural aspects. While still making it a habitat for the island’s flora and fauna in Belitung Island. The results of the study found hope from various parties. Expectations from the community, tourists, and tourism actors about tourist information. Information about landscapes, mystery rocks, minerals, geological processes Other information are tectonics and the process of earth’s evolution in Belitung. That’s all information as a tourist attraction.
The role of Energy Management System based on ISO 50001 for Energy-Cost Saving and Reduction of CO2-Emission: A review of implementation, benefits, and challenges
Authors: Prasetya B , Wahono D R , Dewantoro A , Anggundari W C , Yopi
Published: December 2021

Increasing demand of energy consumption lead to significant support effort to support the sustainable supply by exploring a new resource, development technology, and strategy of energy-mix. In line with this, the development and implementation of management systems in energy utilization play an important role. Based on several studies the implementation of ISO 50001 has significant to improve the performance of energy management, saving of the energy cost, and reduction of CO2 emission. This paper will be reviewed the state of the art of implementation of this standard, benefits, and challenges based on literature studies from several scientific journals and publications released by international organizations, associations, and government policies. Some selected case studies describing quantitative energy performance affected by the implementation of ISO 50001 at the international level with different sectors and some role models from Indonesia are described. Moreover, the challenges and difficulties facing by the implementation of this standard were also reviewed.
Nitrate in groundwater of the west side Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Erlinawati D , Putra D P E , Titisari A D
Published: December 2021

Nitrate (NO3-) pollution in groundwater is generally caused by chemical fertilizers from the agricultural sector and wastewater from onsite sanitation. Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, is a large food estate that has 206 km2 paddy fields. In addition, this area is inhabited by 1.3 million people who produce onsite sanitary waste every day. Due to the concentration and intensity of fertilization and sanitary waste, which are quite high, Magelang Regency is susceptible to groundwater pollution by nitrate. This study aims to determine the characteristics of nitrate in the groundwater of the west side Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The research was carried out by testing groundwater samples taken from several springs, dug wells, and drilled wells used by society for their daily needs. Groundwater sampling was carried out in the wet season and tested using the ion chromatography method to determine the level of nitrate in groundwater and know the chemical characteristics to analyze dominant ions in groundwater. The results showed that the average nitrate was 3.9 mg/l; the deviation standard was 5.12; minimum nitrate was 0 mg/l; and maximum nitrat was 20.78 mg/l. The origin of nitrate content may come come from feces but still in small quantities. Facies of groundwater are Ca-HCO3 and Na-Cl. It can be concluded that the groundwater of the west side Magelang Regency is not yet polluted by nitrate. However, there is still a possibility in the future, so that necessary to apply for groundwater protection immediately.
Forecasting model of power generated by wind power plants
Authors: Ilyas A M , Suyuti A , Gunadin I C , Said S M
Published: December 2021

The power generated by wind power plants is unstable so forecasting is needed to maintain the power balance in an interconnected system. The purpose of this research is to predict the power generated at the Sidrap and Jeneponto wind power plants. The method used is an optimally pruned extreme learning machine (OPELM). The extreme learning machine (ELM) method is used as a comparison method. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) method is used to assess the level of forecasting accuracy. Forecasting power generation with Sidrap wind power plant data using the OPELM method is 0.8970% more accurate than the ELM which is 1.0853%. In general, the OPELM method is more accurate. Forecasting power generation with data from the Jeneponto wind power plant using the OPELM method is 2.4887% more accurate than the ELM method is 2.9984%. These results indicate that linear, sigmoid, and Gaussian activation in the OPELM method can increase accuracy. The OPELM method can be tested in forecasting the power generation at the Sidrap and Jeneponto wind power plants to maintain a power balance in the Sulselbar power grid system.
Biogas efficiency from cow dung waste in strengthening energy security during the covid-19 pandemic through a dynamic modeling system
Authors: Lusiana L , Sasongko N A , Kuntjoro Y D , Fakhruddin M , Widrian A F , Siregar A M , Vidura A
Published: December 2021

During Covid-19 pandemic, the increase in LPG types was 0.6-2.4 million BOE, while in the household sector it was 2.3-6.9 million BOE, so causes LPG import growth ratio to increase by 4.8%/year (BPPT, 2020). Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to suppress LPG imports by increasing the supply of EBT in the household sector with biogas production. The research aims to look at the biogas production modeling system from the resulting cow dung waste. The research method that studies the literature is based on modeling data based on data obtained using Powersim 10. The results showed that LPG demand in 2020 is 2.4 million BOE that could be fulfilled by a biogas source from 9539238.75 kg ~ 0.9 metric tons cow dung waste. This cow dung waste is able to produce 381569.55 m3/kg of methane gas which is equivalent to 0.59 metric tons LPG, savings Rp 690 M; 103 million liters gasoline, savings Rp 793 M; 64.8 million liters diesel fuel, savings Rp 333.8 M; 80 million liters kerosene, savings Rp 1 T; 4.53 metric tons wood, savings Rp 4.5 T. This favorable situation must be immediately felt by the community with an estimate of future benefits.
Analysis of Indonesia and New Zealand geothermal regulation
Authors: Bramantio B , Sumantri S H , Thamrin S , Sasongko N A
Published: December 2021

Regulation is the important things as the framework and reference for developer to conduct a business such as geothermal development legally in line. Geothermal regulation is needed in developing geothermal power plant as renewable energy from green energy for cleaner environment. The purpose of this research was to analyse the geothermal regulation in Indonesia and compare with New Zealand regulation. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive research method. The data used in this study were taken through in-depth interviews with an expert and literature study from various relevant sources data related with Indonesia and New Zealand geothermal regulation. One of geothermal regulation in Indonesia is related to the Geothermal Working Area (GWA), where basically issued from two regimes of geothermal law, that are GWA formed prior Act No. 27/2003 and GWA formed afterward Act No. 27/2003, those geothermal regulations was changed time by time. While New Zealand has regulations namely Resource Management Act (RMA) 1991 which is the main environmental law in New Zealand. Therefore, from this research was analysed that clear regulation is needed to conduct geothermal development which is more applicable and provide benefits to geothermal developers who are fully supported by the government and stakeholders.
Improvement of bearing capacity of clay that is stabilized with bamboo charcoal powder
Authors: Alam S , Fahriani F , Apriyanti Y
Published: December 2021

A building construction must be built on the soil with good bearing capacity. Increasing of bearing capacity of the soil can be done by adding material of soil stabilizer. Bamboo charcoal powder was used in this study as a stabilizer for clay. The percentage of the addition of bamboo charcoal powder to clay soil in this study was 5%, 10%, and 15%. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test was carried out on original clay and stabilized clay to determine the bearing capacity of the soil. The results of this study as showed an increase in the CBR value of each percentage of the addition of bamboo charcoal powder. The highest CBR value was the addition of 15% bamboo charcoal powder with an increase in the CBR value of the original clay by 82.87%. The increase in the CBR value of the soil indicates that there is an increase in the bearing capacity of the clay due to the addition of bamboo charcoal powder
Water ecosystem services of Merawu Watershed, Banjarnegara, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Astuti H P , Suryatmojo H
Published: December 2021

Merawu watershed is one of the upstream areas of Serayu Watershed that serves as catchment area and protect the downstream area. In addition, the condition of natural landscape development which is accompanied by population growth potentially affects spring water ecosystem services. This study aims to determine the potential condition of spring as one of water providers in Merawu, then also to analyze the status of spring. Water balance analysis and Pollution Index (IP) analysis ecosystem services management were used. In this study, 12 springs were discovered with Kasimpar spring having the highest discharge (5.01 liters/second). The overall condition of the spring ecosystem services is one of surplus water / carrying capacity has not been exceedee (Dda ratio > 1), and the condition appropriate with water quality standards (IP <1). In conclusion, this study plays an important thing to figure it out about the existence of water ecosystem services in this area, as well as being a pioneer study on Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) model in Banjarnegara Regency with an integrated upstream-downstrean concept and based on the principle of sustainability
Can Sanctuary Policies Reduce Domestic Violence?
Authors: Amuedo-Dorantes Catalina , Deza Monica
Published: December 2021

Domestic violence remains a serious public problem, especially in Hispanic communities, where one in three women are victims of domestic violence in their lifetimes. Yet $<$50$\%$ of victims report the incidents, often because of concerns over police officers asking about their immigration status of the status of their family members. We assess the extent to which the implementation of sanctuary policies, which limit the cooperation of local law enforcement with federal immigration authorities, affect domestic homicide rates—a crime rarely unreported. We find that sanctuary policies reduce domestic homicides with a Hispanic female victim, especially in counties with more female officers. In contrast, the effect is smaller in magnitude in counties with mandatory arrest laws for domestic violence already in place. Overall, the results are suggestive of the protective role of sanctuary policies in Hispanic communities.
Deep learning tools are top performers in long non-coding RNA prediction
Authors: Ammunét Tea , Wang Ning , Khan Sofia , Elo Laura L
Published: December 2021

The increasing amount of transcriptomic data has brought to light vast numbers of potential novel RNA transcripts. Accurately distinguishing novel long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from protein-coding messenger RNAs (mRNAs) has challenged bioinformatic tool developers. Most recently, tools implementing deep learning architectures have been developed for this task, with the potential of discovering sequence features and their interactions still not surfaced in current knowledge. We compared the performance of deep learning tools with other predictive tools that are currently used in lncRNA coding potential prediction. A total of 15 tools representing the variety of available methods were investigated. In addition to known annotated transcripts, we also evaluated the use of the tools in actual studies with real-life data. The robustness and scalability of the tools’ performance was tested with varying sized test sets and test sets with different proportions of lncRNAs and mRNAs. In addition, the ease-of-use for each tested tool was scored. Deep learning tools were top performers in most metrics and labelled transcripts similarly with each other in the real-life dataset. However, the proportion of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the test sets affected the performance of all tools. Computational resources were utilized differently between the top-ranking tools, thus the nature of the study may affect the decision of choosing one well-performing tool over another. Nonetheless, the results suggest favouring the novel deep learning tools over other tools currently in broad use.