bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antidepressant treatment in pregnancy: a Danish registry linkage study in pregnant women with pre-existing obsessive‐compulsive disorder
Authors: Trinh Nhung T. H. , Semark Birgitte Dige , Munk-Olsen Trine , Liu Xiaoqin , Thapa Suraj Bahadur , Yilmaz Zeynep , Petersen Liselotte Vogdrup , Lupattelli Angela
Published: June 2023

The association between antidepressant continuation during pregnancy and postpartum mental health in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is uncertain. We identified 1317 women with live-birth singleton pregnancies and having outpatient/inpatient visits for OCD in the 4 years pre-pregnancy from the Danish registries. We defined three groups based on antidepressant prescriptions filled in the 2 years before pregnancy to delivery: (i) unexposed (n = 449); (ii) discontinuers (n = 346), i.e., with pre-pregnancy antidepressant fills only; (iii) continuers (n = 522), i.e., with antidepressant fills before and during pregnancy. We estimated crude and propensity score weighted hazard ratio (HRs) of postpartum visit for OCD and mood/anxiety disorders using Cox proportional hazard models. In weighted analyses, we found no difference in the probability of a postpartum visit for OCD or MADs with antidepressant continuation compared to unexposed and discontinuers. The likelihood of a postpartum OCD visit was higher in pregnancies having only one prescription fill during pregnancy compared to unexposed (HR = 3.44, 95% CI: 1.24, 9.54) or discontinuers (HR = 2.49, 95% CI: 0.91, 6.83). Continuers in pregnancy without antidepressant fill in the first three months postpartum had higher probability for postpartum visit for mood/anxiety disorders compared to discontinuers (HR = 3.84, 95% CI: 1.49, 9.92). Among pregnant women with pre-existing OCD, we found similar probabilities of a postpartum visit for OCD or mood/anxiety disorders in antidepressant continuers compared to unexposed and discontinuers. Continuers with a single prescription fill during pregnancy or no fill postpartum may have higher risks for these outcomes. Our findings highlight the importance of continuity of treatment throughout the perinatal period.
Extracellular vesicle-associated IGF2BP3 tunes Ewing sarcoma cell migration and affects PI3K/Akt pathway in neighboring cells
Authors: Mancarella Caterina , Giusti Veronica , Caldoni Giulia , Laginestra Maria Antonella , Parra Alessandro , Toracchio Lisa , Giordano Giorgia , Roncuzzi Laura , Piazzi Manuela , Blalock William , Columbaro Marta , De Feo Alessandra , Scotlandi Katia
Published: June 2023

Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is a challenging pediatric cancer characterized by vast intra-tumor heterogeneity. We evaluated the RNA-binding protein IGF2BP3, whose high expression correlates with a poor prognosis and an elevated tendency of metastases, as a possible soluble mediator of inter-cellular communication in EWS. Our data demonstrate that (i) IGF2BP3 is detected in cell supernatants, and it is released inside extracellular vesicles (EVs); (ii) EVs from IGF2BP3-positive or IGF2BP3-negative EWS cells reciprocally affect cell migration but not the proliferation of EWS recipient cells; (iii) EVs derived from IGF2BP3-silenced cells have a distinct miRNA cargo profile and inhibit the PI3K/Akt pathway in recipient cells; (iv) the 11 common differentially expressed miRNAs associated with IGF2BP3-positive and IGF2BP3-negative EVs correctly group IGF2BP3-positive and IGF2BP3-negative clinical tissue specimens. Overall, our data suggest that IGF2BP3 can participate in the modulation of phenotypic heterogeneity.
Loss of function of GATA3 regulates FRA1 and c-FOS to activate EMT and promote mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis
Authors: Liu Xiong , Bai Feng , Wang Yuchan , Wang Chuying , Chan Ho Lam , Zheng Chenglong , Fang Jian , Zhu Wei-Guo , Pei Xin-Hai
Published: June 2023

Basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) are among the most aggressive cancers, partly due to their enrichment of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Breast CSCs can be generated from luminal-type cancer cells via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). GATA3 maintains luminal cell fate, and its expression is lost or reduced in BLBCs. However, deletion of Gata3 in mice or cells results in early lethality or proliferative defects. It is unknown how loss-of-function of GATA3 regulates EMT and CSCs in breast cancer. We report here that haploid loss of Gata3 in mice lacking p18Ink4c, a cell cycle inhibitor, up-regulates Fra1, an AP-1 family protein that promotes mesenchymal traits, and downregulates c-Fos, another AP-1 family protein that maintains epithelial fate, leading to activation of EMT and promotion of mammary tumor initiation and metastasis. Depletion of Gata3 in luminal tumor cells similarly regulates Fra1 and c-Fos in activation of EMT. GATA3 binds to FOSL1 (encoding FRA1) and FOS (encoding c-FOS) loci to repress FOSL1 and activate FOS transcription. Deletion of Fra1 or reconstitution of Gata3, but not reconstitution of c-Fos, in Gata3 deficient tumor cells inhibits EMT, preventing tumorigenesis and/or metastasis. In human breast cancers, GATA3 expression is negatively correlated with FRA1 and positively correlated with c-FOS. Low GATA3 and FOS, but high FOSL1, are characteristics of BLBCs. Together, these data provide the first genetic evidence indicating that loss of function of GATA3 in mammary tumor cells activates FOSL1 to promote mesenchymal traits and CSC function, while concurrently repressing FOS to lose epithelial features. We demonstrate that FRA1 is required for the activation of EMT in GATA3 deficient tumorigenesis and metastasis.
Diamond-structured nanonetwork gold as mechanical metamaterials from bottom-up approach
Authors: Siddique Suhail K. , Sadek Hassan , Wang Chi-Wei , Lee Chang-Chun , Tsai Cheng-Yuan , Chang Shou-Yi , Li Chia-Lin , Hsueh Chun-Hway , Ho Rong-Ming
Published: June 2023

Herein, this work aims to develop a facile method for the fabrication of metallic mechanical metamaterial with a well-ordered diamond structure from a bottom-up approach using a self-assembled block copolymer for templated electrochemical deposition. By controlling the effective volume fraction of PDMS in PS-b-PDMS via solvent annealing followed by HF etching of PDMS, it is feasible to obtain nanoporous PS with diamond-structured nanochannels and used it as a template for templated electrochemical deposition. Subsequently, well-ordered nanonetwork gold (Au) can be fabricated. As evidenced by nanoindentation and micro-compression tests, the mechanical properties of the diamond-structured Au after removal of PS give the combination of lightweight and mechanically robust characteristics with an exceptionally high reduced elastic modulus of 11.9 ± 0.6 GPa and yield strength of 193 ± 11 MPa above the Hashin-Shtrikman upper bound of 72 MPa with a bending-dominated structure at equivalent density. The corresponding deformation mechanism can be elucidated by morphological observations experimentally and finite element analysis (FEA) numerically. This work demonstrates the bottom-up approach to fabricating metallic monolith with diamond structure in the nanoscale, giving a superior performance as mechanical metamaterials.
Structure of human TRPV4 in complex with GTPase RhoA
Authors: Nadezhdin Kirill D. , Talyzina Irina A. , Parthasarathy Aravind , Neuberger Arthur , Zhang David X. , Sobolevsky Alexander I.
Published: June 2023

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channel TRPV4 is a polymodal cellular sensor that responds to moderate heat, cell swelling, shear stress, and small-molecule ligands. It is involved in thermogenesis, regulation of vascular tone, bone homeostasis, renal and pulmonary functions. TRPV4 is implicated in neuromuscular and skeletal disorders, pulmonary edema, and cancers, and represents an important drug target. The cytoskeletal remodeling GTPase RhoA has been shown to suppress TRPV4 activity. Here, we present a structure of the human TRPV4-RhoA complex that shows RhoA interaction with the membrane-facing surface of the TRPV4 ankyrin repeat domains. The contact interface reveals residues that are mutated in neuropathies, providing an insight into the disease pathogenesis. We also identify the binding sites of the TRPV4 agonist 4α-PDD and the inhibitor HC-067047 at the base of the S1-S4 bundle, and show that agonist binding leads to pore opening, while channel inhibition involves a π-to-α transition in the pore-forming helix S6. Our structures elucidate the interaction interface between hTRPV4 and RhoA, as well as residues at this interface that are involved in TRPV4 disease-causing mutations. They shed light on TRPV4 activation and inhibition and provide a template for the design of future therapeutics for treatment of TRPV4-related diseases.
Identification of protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit as a Wnt promoting factor in pan-cancer and Xenopus early embryogenesis
Authors: Wang YiLi , Han WonHee , Yun SeokMin , Han JinKwan
Published: June 2023

Protein Phosphatase 4 Catalytic Subunit (PPP4C) is an evolutionarily conserved protein involved in multiple biological and pathological events, including embryogenesis, organogenesis, cellular homeostasis, and oncogenesis. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying these processes remain largely unknown. Thus, we investigated the potential correlation between PPP4C and biological processes (BPs) and canonical Wnt signaling using pan-cancer analysis and Xenopus laevis (X. laevis) embryo model. Our results indicate that PPP4C is a potential biomarker for specific cancer types due to its high diagnostic accuracy and significant prognostic correlation. Furthermore, in multiple cancer types, PPP4C-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in pattern specification, morphogenesis, and canonical Wnt activation. Consistently, perturbation of Ppp4c in X. laevis embryos interfered with normal embryogenesis and canonical Wnt responses. Moreover, biochemical analysis of X. laevis embryos demonstrated that both endogenous and exogenous Ppp4c negatively regulated AXIN1 (Wnt inhibitor) abundance. This study provides novel insights into PPP4C roles in pattern specification and Wnt activation. The similarities in BPs and Wnt signaling regulation regarding PPP4C support the intrinsic link between tumorigenesis and early embryogenesis.
Extensive estuarine sedimentary storage of plastics from city to sea: Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA
Authors: Fulfer Victoria M. , Walsh J. P.
Published: June 2023

Plastics are an important new component of the global sedimentary system, and much concern exists about their transport, fate and impact. This study presents the first system-scale assessment of sedimentary storage of microplastic for an estuary, Narragansett Bay, RI (USA), and the measurements of shoreline and seabed sediments add to the growing body of literature demonstrating high coastal concentrations. Microplastic concentrations in sediments ranged from 396 to over 13,000 MP particles kg−1 dry sediment (DW), comparable to other shoreline and seafloor sites located near urban centers. As previously reported for fine sediment and other pollutants, estuarine plastic storage is extensive in Narragansett Bay, especially within the upper urbanized reaches. Over 16 trillion pieces of plastic weighing near 1000 tonnes is calculated to be stored in surface sediments of the Bay based on a power-law fit. This work highlights that estuaries may serve as a significant filter for plastic pollution, and this trapping may have negative consequences for these valuable, productive ecosystems but offer potential for efficient removal.
Association between dietary caffeine intake and severe headache or migraine in US adults
Authors: Zhang Lu , Yin Jiahui , Li Jinling , Sun Haiyang , Liu Yuanxiang , Yang Jiguo
Published: June 2023

The relationship between current dietary caffeine intake and severe headache or migraine is controversial. Therefore, we investigated the association between dietary caffeine intake and severe headaches or migraines among American adults. This cross-sectional study included 8993 adults (aged ≥ 20 years) with a dietary caffeine intake from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of America from 1999 to 2004. Covariates, including age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, poverty-income ratio, educational level, marital status, hypertension, cancer, energy intake, protein intake, calcium intake, magnesium intake, iron intake, sodium intake, alcohol status, smoking status, and triglycerides, were adjusted in multivariate logistic regression models. In US adults, after adjusting for potential confounders, a 100 mg/day increase in dietary caffeine intake was associated with a 5% increase in the prevalence of severe headache or migraine (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.07). Further, the prevalence of severe headache or migraine was 42% higher with caffeine intake of ≥ 400 mg/day than with caffeine intake of ≥ 0 to < 40 mg/day (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.16–1.75). Conclusively, dietary caffeine intake is positively associated with severe headaches or migraines in US adults.
Association between obstructive sleep apnea symptoms and gout in US population, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gu Xi , Tang Dou , Xuan Yan , Shen Ying , Lu Lei Qun
Published: June 2023

The results of association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and gout are not consistent. Participants aged 20 years or older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2008 and 2015–2018 were included. Weighted univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association between OSA symptoms and gout. The subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed. Among the 15,947 participants in this study, the mean age was 47.8 years old, 48.87% of whom were male, 4891 had OSA symptoms, and 842 had gout. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, OSA symptoms were positively associated with gout in all models. The odds ratio (OR) was 1.315 and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.070–1.616 in fully adjusted model 4. In the subgroup analyses, we found a considerable interaction between OSA symptoms and gender with gout (P for interaction = 0.003). In the sensitivity analyses, the association between OSA symptoms and gout remained stable after adjustment for congestive heart failure and diuretics using. OSA symptoms were associated with an increased likelihood of gout. This association could especially be found in female participants.
Experimental characterization of the thermo-optic coefficient vs. temperature for 4H-SiC and GaN semiconductors at the wavelength of 632 nm
Authors: Rao Sandro , Mallemace Elisa D. , Faggio Giuliana , Iodice Mario , Messina Giacomo , Della Corte Francesco G.
Published: June 2023

The design of semiconductor-based photonic devices requires precise knowledge of the refractive index of the optical materials, a not constant parameter over the operating temperature range. However, the variation of the refractive index with the temperature, the thermo-optic coefficient, is itself temperature-dependent. A precise characterization of the thermo-optic coefficient in a wide temperature range is therefore essential for the design of nonlinear optical devices, active and passive integrated photonic devices and, more in general, for the semiconductor technology explored at different wavelengths, from the visible domain to the infrared or ultraviolet spectrum. In this paper, after an accurate ellipsometric and micro-Raman spectroscopy characterization, the temperature dependence of the thermo-optic coefficient ($$\frac{\partial n}{\partial T}$$

∂
n

∂
T

) for 4H-SiC and GaN in a wide range of temperature between room temperature to T = 500 K in the visible range spectrum, at a wavelength of λ = 632.8 nm, is experimentally evaluated. For this purpose, using the samples as a Fabry–Perot cavity, an interferometric technique is employed. The experimental results, for both semiconductors, show a linear dependence with a high determination coefficient, R2 of 0.9648 and 0.958, for 4H-SiC and GaN, respectively, in the considered temperature range.
Resistance training rejuvenates aging skin by reducing circulating inflammatory factors and enhancing dermal extracellular matrices
Authors: Nishikori Shu , Yasuda Jun , Murata Kao , Takegaki Junya , Harada Yasuko , Shirai Yuki , Fujita Satoshi
Published: June 2023

Aerobic training (AT) is suggested to be an effective anti-aging strategy for skin aging. However, the respective effects of resistance training (RT) have not been studied. Therefore, we compared the effects of AT and RT on skin aging in a 16-week intervention in 61 healthy sedentary middle-aged Japanese women. Data from 56 women were available for analysis. Both interventions significantly improved skin elasticity and upper dermal structure, and RT also improved dermal thickness. After the training intervention, expression of dermal extracellular matrix-related genes was increased in normal human primary dermal fibroblasts. AT and RT had different effects on circulating levels of factors, such as cytokines, hormones in serum, and metabolites, and RT increased dermal biglycan (BGN). To our knowledge, this is the first report to show different effects of AT and RT on skin aging and identify the key factors involved in RT-induced skin rejuvenation.
Synthesis of unsymmetrically and symmetrically functionalized disiloxanes via subsequent hydrosilylation of C≡C bonds
Authors: Szyling Jakub , Walkowiak Jędrzej , Czapik Agnieszka , Franczyk Adrian
Published: June 2023

A selective synthesis of unsymmetrically functionalized disiloxanes via the subsequent hydrosilylation of internal alkynes in the first step, and alkynes (terminal or internal) or 1,3-diynes in the second, with 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (1) is presented for the first time. Using developed approaches performed in a stepwise or one-pot manner a new family of disubstituted disiloxanes was obtained which had previously been inaccessible by other synthetic methods. Moreover, symmetrically functionalized disiloxanes were obtained by direct hydrosilylation of 2 equivalents of terminal or internal alkynes with 1, showing the unique versatility of the hydrosilylation process. Three examples of symmetric disiloxanes were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction for the first time. As a result, a wide group of new compounds which can find potential applications as building blocks or coupling agents was obtained and characterized.
Development and validation of a nomogram to predict long-term cancer-specific survival for patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Yu Yali , Wang Shaohua , Liu Jia , Ge Jiejie , Guan Hongya
Published: June 2023

The present work aimed to establish a new model to accurately estimate overall survival (OS) as well as cancer-specific survival (CSS) of osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma cases were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2004 and 2017 and randomized as training or validation sets. Then, the OS- and CSS-related variables were discovered through multivariate Cox regression analysis to develop new nomograms to predict the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS and CSS. Besides, consistency index (C-index), decision curve analysis (DCA), along with calibration curve were adopted for assessing the predicting ability of our constructed nomograms after calibrating for 1-, 3- and 5-year OS and CSS. Altogether, 1727 osteosarcoma cases were enrolled in the present study and randomly divided as training (n = 1149, 70%) or validation (n = 576, 30%) set. As shown by univariate as well as multivariate Cox regression analyses, age, grade, T stage, M stage, surgery, chemotherapy, and histological type were identified to be the adverse factors to independently predict OS and CSS among the osteosarcoma cases. Besides, based on results of multivariate Cox regression analysis, we constructed the OS and CSS prediction nomograms. The C-index in training set was 0.806 (95% CI 0.769–0.836) for OS nomogram and 0.807 (95% CI 0.769–0.836) for CSS nomogram. In the meantime, C-index value in validation set was 0.818 (95% CI 0.789–0.847) for OS nomogram, while 0.804 (95% CI 0.773–0.835) for CSS nomogram. Besides, those calibration curves regarding the 3- and 5-year CSS of our constructed nomogram were highly consistent between the predicted values and the measurements in the training set as well as the external validation set. Our constructed nomogram outperformed the TNM stage in prediction. Our constructed nomogram is facile, creditable, and feasible; it efficiently predicts OS and CSS for osteosarcoma cases and can assist clinicians in assessing the prognosis for individuals and making decisions.
Development of a one-shot dual aptamer-based fluorescence nanosensor for rapid, sensitive, and label-free detection of periostin
Authors: Park Jonghoon , Ban Changill
Published: June 2023

Periostin is associated with several diseases, including cancers. Therefore, monitoring blood periostin levels is a powerful tool for diagnosing various diseases and identifying their severity. However, conventional detection methods pose several challenges, including high costs. To address these issues, we developed a novel one-shot dual aptamer-based fluorescence nanosensor for detecting periostin. The proposed nanosensor facilitates rapid, label-free, and sensitive detection of periostin using gold nanoprobes constructed by rhodamine-b isothiocyanate, PL2trunc aptamer, and gold nanoparticles and silver nanoprobes fabricated by the PL5trunc aptamer and silver nanoparticles. The two nanoprobes form a core-satellite structure by interacting with periostin, and the nanosensor detects periostin through the fluorescence regenerated by the increased proximity between them. The nanosensor successfully detected periostin with remarkable detection limits of 106.68 pM in buffer and 463.3 pM in serum-spiked conditions within 30 min without additional washing or signal amplification processes. Considering serum periostin levels in various diseases, the proposed nanosensor provides a suitable method for identifying patients with various diseases and determining disease severity. Moreover, the platform can be helpful as a practical method for on-site medical diagnosis because it can be adapted to detect other biomarkers simply by replacing the aptamer with other detection probes.
Adsorption mechanism of the N2 and NRR intermediates on oxygen modified MnN4–graphene layers – a single atom catalysis perspective
Authors: Genç A. E. , Tranca I. C.
Published: June 2023

In the present work the adsorption of N2 and the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) intermediates have been investigated on oxygen modified MnNxOy (x + y = 4, x ≠ 0)/graphene layers through periodic density functional theory calculations.
Historical and contemporary perspectives on metal–organic frameworks for gas sensing applications: a review
Authors: Pham Gia Huy , Dinu Cerasela Zoica
Published: June 2023

A metal–organic framework (MOF) has the ability to effectively and environmentally friendly store gas through the process of capture and separation.
Agar/gelatin hydro-film containing EGF and Aloe vera for effective wound healing
Authors: Garcia-Orue Itxaso , Santos-Vizcaino Edorta , Uranga Jone , de la Caba Koro , Guerrero Pedro , Igartua Manoli , Hernandez Rosa Maria
Published: June 2023

Agar/gelatin hydro-film crosslinked with citric acid containing EGF and Aloe vera demonstrated adecuate tensile strength, moisture control, anti-inflammatory activity and cell migration for wound closure.
Analysis of Al site-directing ability of organic structure-directing agents in FER and CHA zeolites: a computational exploration of energetic preferences
Authors: Oishi Kota , Muraoka Koki , Nakayama Akira
Published: June 2023

Atomistic simulations show that organic structure-directing agents with N moieties can significantly direct the location of Al in zeolites. This effect can further be enhanced by N–H moieties.
Probing the dynamical interaction of the para-sulfonato-calix[4]arene with an antifungal protein
Authors: Bartocci Alessio , Dumont Elise
Published: June 2023

The interaction of para-sulfonato-calix[4]arene with a small antifungal protein is analyzed by molecular dynamics simulations, corroborating the presence of two main binding sites at the protein surface.
Thermal stability of azole-rich energetic compounds: their structure, density, enthalpy of formation and energetic properties
Authors: Miao Xiangyan , Yang Xinbo , Li Yuchuan , Pang Siping
Published: June 2023

Increasing the strength and number of hydrogen bonds of azoles and expanding the π–π stacking area are the key factors to improve the thermal stability, which provides a valuable way for developing energetic materials with higher energy and thermal stability.
High performance acidic water electrooxidation catalysed by manganese–antimony oxides promoted by secondary metals
Authors: Luke Sibimol , Chatti Manjunath , Simondson Darcy , Dinh Khang N. , Kerr Brittany V. , Nguyen Tam D. , Yilmaz Gamze , Johannessen Bernt , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Yella Aswani , Hocking Rosalie K. , Simonov Alexandr N.
Published: June 2023

Modification of the manganese–antimony oxide nanocomposites with lead produces an active and highly robust electrocatalyst for anodes of hydrogen-generating water electrolysers with proton conducting electrolytes.
Detection of lead chrome green in Tieguanyin tea by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Li Jingwen , Wang Yanting , Yao Lixing , Wang Cong , Shen Li
Published: June 2023

CaO and CN molecular lines were applied to detection of lead chrome green in Tieguanyin tea combined with principal component analysis and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.
Guiding catalytic CO2 reduction to ethanol with copper grain boundaries
Authors: Cheng Dongfang , Zhang Gong , Li Lulu , Shi Xiangcheng , Zhen Shiyu , Zhao Zhi-Jian , Gong Jinlong
Published: June 2023

This paper describes how GBs facilitate the generation of C2+ alcohols. An overall 12.5 A current and a single-pass conversion of 5.18% for ethanol can be achieved on the Cu-GB catalyst by scaling up the electrode into a 25 cm2 MEA system.
Regioregular polymerized small-molecule acceptors for high-performance all-polymer solar cells
Authors: Gu Chuantao , Zhao Yu , Liu Bing , Tian Yong , Li Yonghai , Wang Shasha , Wen Shuguang , Ma Jiping , Bao Xichang
Published: June 2023

This review summarizes the recent advances of regioregular polymer acceptors based on SMAs for all-PSCs in the past three years, and the guidelines for future design of polymer acceptors are discussed.
X-ray photodesorption of complex organic molecules in protoplanetary disks
Authors: Basalgète R. , Torres-Díaz D. , Lafosse A. , Amiaud L. , Féraud G. , Jeseck P. , Philippe L. , Michaut X. , Fillion J.-H. , Bertin M.
Published: June 2023

Context. X-rays emitted from pre-main-sequence stars at the center of protoplanetary disks can induce nonthermal desorption from interstellar ices populating the cold regions of the disk. This process, known as X-ray photodesorption, needs to be quantified for complex organic molecules (COMs), including acetonitrile CH3CN, which has been detected in several disks.

Aims. The purpose of this work is to experimentally estimate the X-ray photodesorption yields of neutral species from pure CH3CN ices and from interstellar ice analogs for which CH3CN is mixed either in a CO-dominated ice or in a H2O-dominated ice.

Methods. The ices, grown in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber, were irradiated at 15 K by soft X-rays from synchrotron light (SOLEIL synchrotron) in the N K edge region (395–420 eV) and in the O K edge region (530–555 eV). X-ray photodesorption was probed in the gas phase via quadrupole mass spectrometry by monitoring the changes in the mass signals due to the X-ray irradiation of the ices. X-ray photodesorption yields were derived from the mass signals and were extrapolated to higher X-ray energies in order to provide astrophysical yields adapted to astrochemical models.

Results. X-ray photodesorption of the intact CH3CN is detected from pure CH3CN ices and from mixed 13CO:CH3CN ices, with an experimental yield of about 5 × 10−4 molecules photon−1 at 560 eV. When mixed in H2O-dominated ices, X-ray photodesorption of the intact CH3CN at 560 eV is below its detection limit, which is 10−4 molecules photon−1. Yields associated with the desorption of HCN, CH4, and CH3 are also provided. The derived astrophysical yields significantly depend on the local conditions expected in protoplanetary disks, that is, on the ice composition and on the local X-ray irradiation spectrum. They vary from ~10−4 to ~10−6 molecules photon−1 for the X-ray photodesorption of intact CH3CN from CO-dominated ices. Only upper limits varying from ~5 × 10−5 to ~5 × 10−7 molecules photon−1 could be derived for the X-ray photodesorption of intact CH3CN from H2O-dominated ices.

Conclusions. X-ray photodesorption of intact CH3CN from interstellar ices might in part explain the abundances of CH3CN observed in protoplanetary disks. The desorption efficiency is expected to vary with the local physical conditions, hence with the disk region considered.
Does open reduction internal fixation using a volar locking plate and closed reduction percutaneous pinning using K wires provide similar functional and radiological outcomes for unstable distal radius fractures?
Authors: Radaideh Ahmad , Abualadas Jehad , Anaqreh Yazan , Alnemer Adham , Alghzawi Ahmad Abdalmajeed , Abualadas Rawan , Alawneh Mohammad , Essa Suhaib Bani
Published: June 2023

Background: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are a common orthopedic injury, with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) and closed reduction percutaneous pinning (CRPP) being the two most frequently used methods for treating unstable DRFs. The optimal treatment approach for DRFs is still a matter of debate. Therefore, this retrospective analysis aimed to compare the functional and radiological outcomes of ORIF and CRPP to determine the most effective approach for treating unstable DRFs. Material and Methods: A total of 89 patients were included in this retrospective study; 34 underwent CRPP and 55 underwent ORIF (61 males and 28 females, mean age: 35.5). Radiographic measurements of radial inclination, radial height, and volar tilt, as well as patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) scores for pain and function, were used to evaluate the functional and radiological outcomes during the final follow-up period, ranging from 1 to 4 years. Results: There were significant improvements in the radiographic measurements for both groups, indicating a good reduction. However, the two fixation methods had no significant difference in radiographic measurements during the entire follow-up period. Regarding PRWE scores, there was a significant difference between the two groups, with patients in the CRPP group reporting better wrist function and less pain. Conclusions: Both CRPP and ORIF are effective methods for treating unstable DRFs. Achieving an acceptable reduction did not correlate with better pain management, function, or the ability to carry out day-to-day activities. However, patients treated with CRPP had better wrist function and less pain during follow-up. Radiographic measurements did not differ significantly between the two groups. Clinicians should consider closed-reduction percutaneous pinning as a viable and effective treatment option for distal radius fractures, particularly when optimal wrist function and pain management are important considerations.
Der stacked PAP-Lappen zur unilateralen Brustrekonstruktion –
ein Fallbericht
Authors: Gorji Shaghayegh , Varnava Charalampos , Aitzetmüller Matthias , Klietz Marie-Luise , Hirsch Tobias , Wiebringhaus Philipp
Published: June 2023

Hintergrund Die PAP (profunda artery perforator)-Lappenplastik zur
Brustrekonstruktion hat in den vergangenen Jahren an Popularität
gewonnen. Allerdings ist das Volumen bei der PAP-Lappenplastik in der Regel
beschränkt, sodass bei großvolumiger einseitiger
Brustrekonstruktion zwei PAP-Lappenplastiken entnommen und im Sinne eines
stacked PAP-Lappens in einer Brust eingesetzt werden können.
Falldarstellung Wir möchten den Fall einer 59-jährigen Patientin
demonstrieren, die sich als erkrankte BRCA-2-Trägerin nach
auswärtiger beidseitiger brustwarzensparender Mastektomie mit
Implantatrekonstruktion zur sekundären Rekonstruktion mittels
Eigengewebe vorstellte. Initial planten wir die beidseitige DIEP-Lappenplastik.
Bei der präoperativen Planung zeigten sich CT-tomographisch einseitig
keine Perforatoren, sodass lediglich eine linksseitige autologe Rekonstruktion
erfolgen konnte. Bei regelhaftem postoperativen Verlauf nach der
DIEP-Lappenplastik persistierte rechtsseitig die schmerzhafte Kapselfibrose und
es bestand der Wunsch zur autologen Konversion. Um ein ausreichendes Volumen
entsprechend der kontralateralen Brust zu erreichen, fiel der Entschluss zur
Rekonstruktion der rechten Brust mit einer beidseitigen PAP-Lappenplastik im
Sinne eines stacked PAP-Lappens.

Ergebnisse Beide Lappenplastiken boten genügend Volumen, um ein
ästhetisch zufriedenstellendes Ergebnis erreichen zu können und
hatten zusammen ein Volumen von 600 g im Vergleich zur Single
DIEP-Lappenplastik links von 716 g. Der stationäre Aufenthalt
betrug 7 Tage und war unauffällig. Die Brust war zu jeder Zeit weich und
es bestand klinisch kein Anhalt für Fettgewebsnekrosen bei der letzten
Nachkontrolle. Im Bereich der linken Entnahmestelle entwickelte sich eine
kleinflächige Wundheilungsstörung, welche konservativ abheilte.
Die Patientin ist beschwerdefrei und ist zufrieden mit dem Ergebnis.

Schlussfolgerungen Die PAP-Lappenplastik hat sich zu einer relevanten
Alternative zu herkömmlichen Brustrekonstruktionsverfahren entwickelt.
Der stacked PAP-Lappen kann eine sichere und effiziente Option für die
unilaterale großvolumige Brustrekonstruktionen sein. Die Perfusion und
der Abfluss über die nach kaudal angeschlossene Lappenplastik zeigten
sich suffizient und führten nicht zum Auftreten vermehrter
Fettgewebsnekrosen. Die Operationszeit hat sich in unserem Fall bei gleicher
Teamstärke nicht wesentlich von einer Single PAP-Lappenplastik
unterschieden. Zudem können durch die Möglichkeit, unilateral
zwei Lappenplastiken anzuschließen, ein symmetrisches Erscheinungsbild
an der Hebestelle der Oberschenkel und Folgeoperationen im Sinne multipler
Lipotransfers zur Volumenangleichung vermieden werden.
Sustainability and Climate Protection in Radiology – An Overview
Authors: Palm Viktoria , Heye Tobias , Molwitz Isabel , von Stackelberg Oyunbileg , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Schreyer Andreas G.
Published: June 2023

Background Sustainability is becoming increasingly important in radiology. Besides climate protection – economic, ecological, and social aspects are integral elements of sustainability. An overview of the scientific background of the sustainability and environmental impact of radiology as well as possibilities for future concepts for more sustainable diagnostic and interventional radiology are presented below.

The three elements of sustainability:

1. Ecology

With an annually increasing number of tomographic images, Germany is in one of the leading positions worldwide in a per capita comparison. The energy consumption of an MRI system is comparable to 26 four-person households annually. CT and MRI together make a significant contribution to the overall energy consumption of a hospital. In particular, the energy consumption in the idle or inactive state is responsible for a relevant proportion.

2. Economy

A critical assessment of the indications for radiological imaging is important not only because of radiation protection, but also in terms of sustainability and “value-based radiology”. As part of the “Choosing Wisely” initiative, a total of 600 recommendations for avoiding unnecessary examinations were compiled from various medical societies, including specific indications in radiological diagnostics.

3. Social Sustainability

The alignment of radiology to the needs of patients and referring physicians is a core aspect of the social component of sustainability. Likewise, ensuring employee loyalty by supporting and maintaining motivation, well-being, and job satisfaction is an essential aspect of social sustainability. In addition, sustainable concepts are of relevance in teaching and research, such as the educational curriculum for residents in radiology, RADUCATION or the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.

Key points 

Citation Format
Harninkontinenz nach radikaler Prostatektomie: Risikofaktoren und Versorgungssituation
Authors: Baunacke Martin
Published: June 2023

Belastungsinkontinenz ist ein relevantes Risiko der radikalen Prostatektomie (RPE), welche die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen deutlich beeinträchtigt. Das Risiko eine Belastungsinkontinenz zu entwickeln hängt von prä-, intra- und postoperativen Faktoren ab. Insbesondere intraoperative Faktoren im Sinne unterschiedlicher OP-Techniken stehen dabei oft im Fokus, um die Kontinenzraten zu verbessern. Wenn es zur Belastungsinkontinenz nach RPE kommt, sollten die Betroffenen adäquat behandelt werden. Hier zeigen sich in Deutschland Hinweise auf ein Versorgungsdefizit. Zum einen gibt es Defizite in der Nutzung von Inkontinenzmaterialien. Zum anderen zeigt sich eine unzureichende operative Therapie der Belastungsinkontinenz nach RPE.
Quality Indices and Outcomes of a Neonatology Telerounding Program in a Level II Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Single-Center Experience during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Cooper Christine , Mastroianni Rossella , Bosque Elena , Chabra Shilpi , Campbell Julie , Perez Jose A. , White Cailin F. , James Jasmine E. , Umoren Rachel A.
Published: June 2023

Objective The objective of this program evaluation was to describe the outcomes of daily neonatologist telerounding with the onsite advanced practice provider (APP) in a Level II neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Study Design Bedside telerounding occurred with an onsite APP using a telehealth cart and paired Bluetooth stethoscope. Data collected by longitudinal and cross-sectional surveys and chart review before (May 2019–February 2020) and during (March 2020–February 2021) the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.

Results A total of 258 patients were admitted to the Level II NICU before (May 2019–February 2020) and during (March 2020–February 2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. Demographic characteristics and outcomes, including breastfeeding at discharge and length of stay were similar pre- and postonset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Postrounding surveys by 10 (response rate 83%) neonatologists indicated parents were present in 80 (77%) of rounds and video was at least somewhat helpful in 94% of cases. Cross-sectional survey responses of 23 neonatologists and APPs (response rate 62%) indicated satisfaction with the program. Common themes on qualitative analysis of open-ended survey responses were “need for goodness of fit” and “another set of eyes” and “opportunities for use.”

Conclusion Daily telerounding with neonatologists and APPs in a Level II NICU supported neonatal care. Quality metrics and clinical outcomes are described with no differences seen before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Key Points
Proline-Catalyzed Diastereoselective Synthesis of Dihydroquinolinyl-Spirooxindole via Aza-Michael/Aldol Reaction
Authors: Adepu Raju , Mainkar Prathama S. , Enagandhula Damodar
Published: June 2023

An efficient diastereoselective synthesis of 1′,4′-dihydro-2′H-spiro[indoline-3,3′-quinolin]-2-one derivatives was achieved using catalytic amount of l-proline. The key reactions involved in the present tandem reaction are aza-Michael addition and aldol reaction. This atom economic reaction proceeded under mild conditions with a broad substrate scope and excellent diastereoselectivity in good to excellent yields.
Rh-Catalyzed C–H Functionalization of the (Pyrazol-5-yl)pyridine Core of GBT-440
Authors: Ramana Chepuri V. , Kalshetti Rupali G. , Halnor Swapnil V.
Published: June 2023

The Rh-catalyzed cross dehydrogenative coupling (CDC)/alkylation of the pyrazolylpyridine unit of GBT-440 proceeded smoothly under ambient conditions and selectively on the pyrazole unit while directed by the pyridine. The scope of these reactions was established by employing simple as well as conjugated olefins for CDC and various diazo esters and the TIPS-EBX reagent for alkylation. At the outset, a focused small molecule library around the bis-heterocyclic core of GBT-440 was developed via C–H functionalization.
The Efficacy of Porcine Dermal Collagen to Treat Complex Anal Fistulae. Results of a Multicenter Cohort
Authors: Placer Carlos , Castillo Julio , Loizate Alberto , Baixauli Jorge , Echeveste Ainhoa , Cristobal Lidia , Gonzalez Eneko , Suarez Natalia , Navascues Jose Maria Enriquez
Published: June 2023

Introduction The management of complex anal fistulae remains a topical surgical problem. The choice and success of surgical management are based on the balance between healing and continence. Although porcine dermal collagen (Permacol Collagen Paste [PCP]- Covidien plc, Gosport, Hampshire, UK) represents a new generation of non-solid biomaterials, its results in anal fistulae are mixed.

Methods A multicenter observational retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with cryptoglandular anal fistula treated in four colorectal surgery units was performed between 2015 and 2020. Clinical cure of the fistula was the main outcome measure. Adverse events and alterations in anal continence were secondary outcomes.

Results The study included 119 patients (87 males, 71.1%), with a mean age of 53 years (IR 44–65). Most patients had complex (80.6%) and recurrent (91.6%) fistulae. With the first PCP treatment, the overall cure rate was 41.2% (49 patients) and 45.4% with the second treatment (5 out of 17 patients). The mean follow-up period was 17 months (IR 5–25). Healing was not affected by the location and type of fistula, the existence or not of a cavity, the number of tracts, or the administration of prophylactic antibiotics. After the PCP treatment, no patient in the series had worsening of continence. Morbidity affected 22.7% of the patients (27), with postoperative abscesses being the most frequent adverse event. There were no statistical differences between the four hospitals studied.

Conclusions Permacol collagen paste is a safe and easily reproducible therapy for complicated anal fistulae that has moderate efficacy. The overall success rate is slightly over 40%, with no detriment to fecal continence.
Sexually Transmitted Infections Lesions Found during Colonoscopies
Authors: Gomes Alexandre , Sampaio Netto João Batista , Ayres Ricardo de Oliveira , Rodrigues José Mauro da Silva , Borghesi Ronaldo Antonio
Published: June 2023

Introduction Anal examination and videoanoscopy (VA) are rarely performed during colonoscopies. In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in lesions of sexually transmitted anal and rectal infections, but these conditions are not noticed or reported during routine colonoscopy.

Objective To raise awareness regarding the fortuitous findings of lesions and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in colonoscopy exams and to demonstrate that anal examination and VA provide important information and should be routinely performed.

Methods We conducted a descriptive retrospective study in 16,132 patients screened by colonoscopy and VA between 2006 and 2018. Among numerous other findings, the presence of anal condylomata and sexually transmitted retitis or perianal dermatitis was observed. The rates of each finding were calculated, and the patients were subdivided by sex and into age groups by blocks of ten years.

Results Among the 16,132 colonoscopies performed, 26 cases of condyloma (0.16%) and 50 cases of proctitis or perianal dermatitis suspicious for STI (0.33%) were found.

Conclusion Performing anal examination and VA systematically in all routine colonoscopies enabled the identification of numerous anal conditions, including several fortuitous cases of STIs. The study proposes that anal examination and VA should be performed in all routine colonoscopies and, in suspected cases, complementary tests for STIs.
Rehabilitation Service Needs and Preferences among Veterans with Tinnitus: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Clark Khaya D. , Zaugg Tara , DeFrancesco Susan , Kaelin Christine , Henry James A. , Carlson Kathleen F.
Published: June 2023

Tinnitus is prevalent among military Veterans, yet there is a gap between the demand and the provision of services for tinnitus rehabilitation services within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). We sought to understand tinnitus rehabilitation service needs and preferences among Veterans with bothersome tinnitus who use Veterans Affairs (VA) services. We conducted semistructured telephone interviews in 2019 with Veterans diagnosed with tinnitus, who reported it as bothersome. Veterans were purposively sampled to represent national VA users, with and without comorbid traumatic brain injury (TBI), and who were or were not interested in tinnitus rehabilitation services. Qualitative data were analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. Among 40 Veterans interviewed (32 men, 8 women; 50% with TBI), 72.5% endorsed being somewhat/very likely to be interested in tinnitus rehabilitation services while 27.5% were very/somewhat unlikely. Themes related to Veterans' interest in tinnitus rehabilitation services included barriers and facilitators to participation and preferences for receiving tinnitus services (e.g., individual vs. group-based; in-person vs. remote access). Our findings highlight factors that influence Veterans' reported need and preferences for, and readiness to engage in, rehabilitation services for tinnitus. Personalized or otherwise adaptable approaches to program delivery may help ensure maximal uptake among Veterans.
Kolumne: Wir trauen der Technik einfach noch zu wenig zu
Authors: Liebig Angelika , Pietzuch Thomas
Published: June 2023

Konsignationslager helfen, die Verfügbarkeit essenzieller Medizintechnik zu sichern. Um Schnittstellenprobleme in den Bestellprozessen zu vermeiden, könnten digitale Lösungen Fortschritte bringen.
Forschungsprojekt „5G-REMROB“: Autonomer Materialtransport im Krankenhaus
Authors: Müller Lukas , Merschmeier Sven
Published: June 2023

Der Fachkräftemangel in der Pflege gehört aktuell zu den größten Herausforderungen der deutschen Krankenhäuser. Daher ist es besonders wichtig, das Berufsumfeld der Pflege nachhaltig attraktiv zu gestalten. Potenzial dafür findet sich unter anderem in einer Neuausrichtung logistischer Prozesse im Krankenhaus mit Robotern, die zum Beispiel aufgrund weiter Laufwege oft zeitintensiv und ressourcenbindend sein können.
Predicting the motion of a high-Q pendulum subject to seismic perturbations using machine learning
Authors: Heimann Nicolas , Petermann Jan , Hartwig Daniel , Schnabel Roman , Mathey Ludwig
Published: June 2023

The seismically excited motion of a high-Q pendulum in gravitational-wave observatories sets a sensitivity limit to sub-audio gravitational-wave frequencies. Here, we report on the use of machine learning to predict the motion of a high-Q pendulum with a resonance frequency of 1.4 Hz that is driven by natural seismic activity. We achieve a reduction in the displacement power spectral density of 40 dB at the resonant frequency 1.4 Hz and 6 dB at 11 Hz. Our result suggests that machine learning is able to significantly reduce seismically induced test mass motion in gravitational-wave detectors in combination with corrective feed-forward techniques.