bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Rehabilitative Impact of Progressive Resistance Training (PRT) Programs in Parkinson Disease: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Paolucci T. , Sbardella S. , La Russa C. , Agostini F. , Mangone M. , Tramontana L. , Bernetti A. , Paoloni M. , Pezzi L. , Bellomo R. G. , Santilli V. , Saggini R.
Published: May 2020

Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative condition that leads to progressive disability. PD-related reductions in muscle strength have been reported to be associated with lower functional performance and balance confidence with an increased risk of falls. Progressive resistance training (PRT) improves strength, balance, and functional abilities. This umbrella review examines the efficacy of PRT regarding muscular strength in PD patients. The PubMed, PEDro, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 2009 to August 2019 for systematic reviews and meta-analyses conducted in English. The populations included had diagnoses of PD and consisted of males and females aged >18 years old. Outcomes measured were muscle strength and enhanced physical function. Eight papers (six systematic reviews and meta-analyses and two systematic reviews) were considered relevant for qualitative analysis. In six of the eight studies, the reported severity of PD was mild to moderate. Each study analyzed how PRT elicited positive effects on muscle strength in PD patients, suggesting 10 weeks on average of progressive resistance exercises for the upper and lower limbs two to three times per week. However, none of the studies considered the postworkout follow-up, and there was no detailed evidence about the value of PRT in preventing falls. The possibility of PRT exercises being effective for increasing muscle strength in patients with PD, but without comorbidities or severe disability, is discussed. Overall, this review suggests that PRT should be included in rehabilitation programs for PD patients, in combination with balance training for postural control and other types of exercise, in order to preserve cardiorespiratory fitness and improve endurance in daily life activities.
Variation in Cervical Cancer Screening Preferences among Medically Underserved Individuals in the United States: A Systematic Review
Authors: Biddell Caitlin B. , O'Leary Meghan C. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Spees Lisa P.
Published: May 2020

Underutilization of effective screening is one driver of disparities in cervical cancer incidence and mortality. Consideration of patient preferences could help to improve screening rates in populations facing substantial barriers to preventive care. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on cervical cancer screening preferences among medically underserved patients in the United States. We searched six electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) for articles published through February 2019 (Prospero ID: CRD42019125431). Among the 43 articles included, 23 reported screening modality preferences, 11 reported preferences related to provider demographics and attributes, six reported screening scheduling and results delivery preferences, and nine reported preferences related to health education and communication. This review demonstrates the wide variety of medically underserved patient preferences related to cervical cancer screening. It also draws attention to two key preference trends that emerged despite heterogeneity in study design, populations, and preference assessment. Consistent preferences for human papillomavirus self-testing over traditional Pap testing highlight a key potential mechanism for increasing cervical cancer screening uptake among medically underserved populations. In addition, preferences for gender- and language-concordant providers underscore the need for continued efforts toward expanding diversity among medical professionals.
Intrafamilial Variability in LPIN1-Related Rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Pons Linda , Acquaviva-Bourdain Cécile , Teyssedre Sonia , Didier Capucine , Veauville Alice , Steffann Julie , Gobin Stéphanie , de Lonlay Pascale , Guffon Nathalie , Fouilhoux Alain
Published: May 2020

LPIN1 molecular alterations were identified as a major cause of severe recurrent rhabdomyolysis. The prognosis is poor, with a third of patients dying from cardiac arrest during an acute episode. We describe herein a familial case of a young boy and his mother both affected by the same homozygous LPIN1 mutation. The index case experienced a first extremely severe episode of rhabdomyolysis at 14 months of age (creatine kinase 630,000 UI/L) and a second, lethal episode at 3 years of age. His mother had only 1 moderate episode of rhabdomyolysis (creatine kinase 3,050 UI/L) in adulthood. Several cases of sudden death were also reported in the family. To the best of our knowledge, the mother of the index case is, to date, the first patient described harbouring biallelic mutations in LPIN1 and only presenting with a mild phenotype. This report expands the phenotypic spectrum of LPIN1-related rhabdomyolysis, illustrating high intrafamilial variability.
Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography-Derived Parameters to Discriminate between Eyes with and without Glaucoma: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study
Authors: Lopes Flavio Siqueira Santos , Matsubara Igor , Almeida Izabela , Gracitelli Carolina Pelegrini Barbosa , Dorairaj Syril K. , Vessani Roberto Murad , Paranhos Jr. Augusto , Prata Tiago Santos
Published: May 2020

Introduction: New technologies have been developed in order to decrease interpersonal influence and subjectivity during the glaucoma diagnosis process. Enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain OCT (EDI OCT) has turned up as a favorable tool for deep optic nerve head (ONH) structures assessment. Objective: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted to compare the diagnostic performance of different EDI OCT-derived parameters to discriminate between eyes with and without glaucoma. Material and Methods: The following ONH parameters were measured: lamina cribrosa (LC) thickness and area; prelaminar neural tissue (PLNT) thickness and area; average Bruch’s membrane opening – minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), superior BMO-MRW, and inferior BMO-MRW. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness was also obtained. Results: Seventy-three participants were included. There were no significant differences between AUCs for average BMO-MRW (0.995), PLNT area (0.968), and average pRNFL thickness (0.975; p ≥ 0.089). However, AUCs for each of these 3 parameters were significantly larger than LC area AUC (0.701; p ≤ 0.001). Sensitivities at 80% specificity were: PLNT area = 92.3%, average BMO-MRW = 97.4%, and average pRNFL thickness = 94.9%. Conclusions: Comparing the diagnostic performance of different EDI OCT ONH parameters to discriminate between eyes with and without glaucoma, we found better results for neural tissue-based indexes (BMO-MRW and PLNT area) compared to laminar parameters. In this specific population, these neural tissue-based parameters (including PLNT area, which was investigated by the first time in the present study) had a diagnostic performance comparable to that of the conventional pRNFL thickness protocol.
A first record of Camacinia harterti Karsch, 1890 (Odonata: Libellulidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Payra Arajush , K.A. Subramanian  , Chandra Kailash , Tripathy Basudev
Published: May 2020

The large forest dwelling libellulid dragonfly Camacinia harterti Karsch, 1890 is recorded from Arunachal Pradesh and India for the first time in 115 years.  The present record is based on a single male specimen collected from Namdapha Tiger Reserve, Arunachal Pradesh, India.  We provide detailed diagnostic characters in photographs and information on the global distribution of the species.
Floristic composition and distribution pattern of herbaceous plant diversity in fallow lands of the central districts of Punjab, India
Authors: Jashanpreet Kaur  , Rajni Sharma  , Pushp Sharma
Published: May 2020

This study explores the change in composition of herbaceous plants with change in season and site in the fallow lands of central districts of Punjab, India.  Overall 41 plant species were reported from studied sites.  Poaceae and Asteraceae were recorded as dominant families with seven and six plant species, respectively.  Density and IVI values of perennial plant species were recorded to be the maximum from July to September and for annuals maximum values were from February to March and from July to September.  Diversity indices like Shannon Wiener index, evenness index, Menhinick index, and Simpson diversity index values showed variation with season and site.  Similarity index value between studied sites was recorded to be the minimum in July (0.45) which indicates a maximum value of dissimilarity index in this month.  The information generated in this study can be exploited by researchers for conservation of natural plant diversity and timely assessments of such areas help to study climate change.

,,,,,.
Butterfly diversity in Gidakom Forest Management Unit, Thimphu, Bhutan
Authors: Koirala Thal Prasad , Koirala Bal Krishna , Koirala Jaganath
Published: May 2020

This study was carried out to establish the diversity and distribution of butterflies in Gidakom Forest Management Unit (GFMU), Thimphu, Bhutan.  A survey was conducted from June 2016 to July 2017 in three locations within GFMU: Jamdo, Chimithanka, and Jedekha.  A total of 90 species belonging to 52 genera and five families of butterflies were recorded.  Nymphalidae was dominant with 38 species, followed by Lycaenidae with 19, Pieridae with 15, Papilionidae with 11, and Hesperiidae with seven species.  Diversity of butterfly species was highest in farmland associated with pockets of forest cover in the lower valley, and a decreasing trend was observed towards higher elevations.  The maximum species richness (83 species) was recorded from Chimithanka between 2500m & 2900m, where agriculture is associated with patches of forest, streams, forest edges, and open scrub land.  Butterfly diversity was lowest at Jedekha above 2,900m (37 species), an area dominated by mixed conifer forest with little agriculture.
Butterfly diversity in heterogeneous habitat of Bankura, West Bengal, India
Authors: Mukherjee Kalyan , Mondal Ayan
Published: May 2020

Butterfly diversity was observed in different habitats of Bankura District, West Bengal, India.  This district is located at the junction of Chotanagpur plateau and Gangetic plain; it contains a variety of transitional habitats.  We found 117 butterfly species from our covered survey area.  The highest species recorded in the present study belonged to family Lycaenidae (30.76%) and Nymphalidae (29.91%) followed by Hesperiidae (16.23%), Pieridae (13.67%), Papilionidae (8.54%), and Riodinidae (0.85%), respectively.  Based on sighting we found that 12.82% of all the butterflies recorded were abundant in nature while 21.36% were very common, 41.88% were frequent, and 23.93% were rare. Cluster analysis and other diversity indices gives us an overall idea about environmental health.  The pattern of diversity change from plain to plateau gradient gives important insight about ecological edge effect.  High species number in relation with low individual numbers were found in forest habitat.  This preliminary study showed that heterogeneous habitats could harbour many butterflies and need proper conservation efforts to sustain it.
A second report on butterflies (Lepidoptera) from Ladakh Union Territory and Lahaul, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Sondhi Sanjay , Valappil Balakrishnan , Venkatesh Vidya
Published: May 2020

Additional butterfly records and natural history observations are reported from a two-week survey of butterflies in Ladakh and Lahaul in the inner Himalaya in Ladakh Union Territory, and Himachal Pradesh in August 2018.  These records follow an earlier report from a two-week survey in June–July 2016, and reports 10 species not sighted during the previous survey.  Observations on early stages of Pieris deota, Aglais ladakensis, and Papilio machaon ladakensis are reported, as well as a mass emergence of Parnassius epaphus.
Diurnal Timing Dependent Alterations in Gut Microbial Composition Are Synchronously Linked to Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Renal Damage
Authors: Chakraborty Saroj , Mandal Juthika , Cheng Xi , Galla Sarah , Hindupur Anay , Saha Piu , Yeoh Beng San , Mell Blair , Yeo Ji-Youn , Vijay-Kumar Matam , Yang Tao , Joe Bina
Published: May 2020

Alterations of diurnal rhythms of blood pressure (BP) and reshaping of gut microbiota are both independently associated with hypertension. However, the relationships between biorhythms of BP and gut microbial composition are unknown. We hypothesized that diurnal timing-associated alterations of microbial compositions are synchronous with diurnal rhythmicity, dip in BP, and renal function. To test this hypothesis, Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rats on low- and high-salt diets were examined for time of day effects on gut microbiota, BP, and indicators of renal damage. Major shifts in night and day patterns of specific groups of microbiota were observed between the dark (active) and light (rest) phases, which correlated with diurnal rhythmicity of BP. The diurnal abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were independently associated with BP. Discrete bacterial taxa were observed to correlate independently or interactively with one or more of the following 3 factors: (1) BP rhythm, (2) dietary salt, and (3) dip in BP. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities revealed diurnal timing effects on microbial pathways, characterized by upregulated biosynthetic processes during the active phase of host, and upregulated degradation pathways of metabolites in the resting phase. Additional metagenomics functional pathways with rhythm variations were noted for aromatic amino acid metabolism and taurine metabolism. These diurnal timing dependent changes in microbiota, their functional pathways, and BP dip were associated with concerted effects of the levels of renal lipocalin 2 and kidney injury molecule-1 expression. These data provide evidence for a firm and concerted diurnal timing effects of BP, renal damage, and select microbial communities.
Discerning the Missio Dei in a Local Church’s Engagement with Its Community
Authors: Wieland George M.
Published: May 2020

While theologies of missio Dei and their divergent missiological developments have been refined and contested in the academy over the past seven decades, the theoretical discussions and even the term itself are still far from commonplace in the life and discourse of many local congregations. Nonetheless, among such congregations there are examples of changing practice and new modes of local mission engagement that seem to be in alignment with aspects of a missio Dei orientation. In this article the experience of one congregation will be considered, asking whether a missio Dei perspective might be discerned in recent initiatives and developments in its engagement with its local community.
Resolving the Identity Dilemmas of Western Healthcare in Africa: Towards Ethical and Pragmatic Approaches
Authors: Afolabi Michael O. S
Published: May 2020

The introduction of Western healthcare, via colonialism, into Africa facilitated a confrontation of indigenous and exogenous “medical” knowledge as well as the attendant praxis. Although colonialism has been expunged from the shores of Africa, the epistemic and ideological frictions it introduced into the sphere of healthcare linger and raise different dilemmas. Against this background, this paper explores pragmatic and ethical approaches that may help engage these tensions in the context of drug development based on validated traditional phytomedicines.
The European Court of Human Rights and FIFA
Authors: Rietiker Daniel
Published: May 2020

There is hardly any part of modern society that has not been influenced by the European Court of Human Rights since its establishment in 1959. More recently, Strasbourg has even entered into what had long been considered a purely ‘private’ matter, the organisation of sport. Sport’s ever growing importance within society, as well as FIFA’s own rather recent acknowledgment of football-related human rights issues and problems, suggest that the role and relevance of the ECtHR in this domain will continue to increase. After setting out the theoretical framework, the article addresses the areas in which the ECtHR has already decided cases on these issues, and elaborates on the areas in which the ECtHR potentially has a role to play. The article will also explain how the echr and ECtHR can contribute to FIFA’s Human Rights Policy, as well as the various avenues through which this can be achieved, and how the Court’s jurisdiction can be triggered in football-related cases.
Phytolacca yunnanensis (Phytolaccaceae), a new species from China with distinctive inflorescence characteristics

Authors: LI XIN-HUA , ZHOU WEN , GUO JIA-CHENG , YIN XIAO-MING
Published: May 2020

Phytolacca yunnanensis is described and illustrated as a new species from Yunnan Province, China. This new species is characterized by the distinctive dense translucent multicellular trichomes along the peduncles, raches, and pedicels of both racemose inflorescences and infructescences. These translucent multicellular trichomes, which were revealed by using stereomicroscope and SEM, represents the first discovery in the genus Phytolacca. P. yunnanensis resembles P. acinosa in sharing the free carpels, but differs by the 4-5-carpellate gynoecia. P. yunnanensis is also similar to P. exiensis by the number of carpels, but can be easily distinguished from the latter in having free carpels.
A new species of Parahyparrhenia (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) from India

Authors: TIWARI ARJUN PRASAD , CHORGHE ALOK R. , LANDGE SHAHID NAWAZ , MUJAFFAR SHAIKH
Published: May 2020

Parahyparrhenia khannae, a new species of Andropogoneae (Poaceae: Andropogoneae) from the grassland of Ratlam and Jhabua districts of Madhya Pradesh, India is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to the Indian endemic species P. bellariensis in having dorsal groove in lower glume of sessile spikelet, but differs in having shorter plant height, lacerate membranous ligule, shorter leaf blade and raceme length, fewer homogamous spikelets, shorter sessile spikelet and anther length.
Description and phylogenetic relationships of a new trans-Andean species of Elachistocleis Parker 1927 (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae)
Authors: SÁNCHEZ-NIVICELA JUAN C. , PELOSO PEDRO L. V. , URGILES VERÓNICA L. , YÁNEZ-MUÑOZ MARIO H. , SAGREDO YERKA , PÁEZ NADIA , RON SANTIAGO
Published: May 2020

Elachistocleis is a Neotropical genus of microhylid frogs with 18 species, most of which occur east of the Andes in South America. Here, we present a new phylogeny of Gastrophryninae and describe and name a new species of Elachistocleis from southern Ecuador—the first to be found west of the Andes and also the first from Ecuador. Our phylogeny is based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial genes 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, COI, and the nuclear genes BDNF, cmyc2, H3A, 28S, SIA1, and Tyr. Elachistocleis araios sp. n., is the sister species of all other Elachistocleis. The finding of this taxon highlights the probability of the existence of more Elachistocleis species west of the Andes.
Two new species, transference, notes, and new record in South American Acanthocinini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: VLASAK JOSEF , SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO , NASCIMENTO FRANCISCO ERIBERTO DE L.
Published: May 2020

Two new species are described from Ecuador: Anisopodus flavomarginatus, and Leptocometes brevicornis. Hyperplatys argus (Bates, 1872) is transferred to its original genus: Anisopodus White, 1855. Comments regarding the type locality of Hylettus eremita (Erichson, 1847) and variation of pronotal and elytral pubescence pattern in the species are provided. The species is reported from Colombia for the first time. The type locality, number of specimens in the original description, and institution depositary of the syntypes of Astynomus sallei Candèze (1861 (= H. eremita) are discussed.
Taxonomic review of the “Probetoriformes” species group of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), with the description of two new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: DIAS FERNANDO MAIA SILVA , DOLIBAINA DIEGO RODRIGO , MIELKE OLAF HERMANN HENDRIK , CASAGRANDE MIRNA MARTINS
Published: May 2020

The “Probetoriformes” species group of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] proposed by Stichel (1910; 1930) is redefined based on morphological evidence, and the species herein included in the group are revised. Two new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest are described: S. atlantica Dias, Dolibaina & Mielke sp. nov. and S. uirassu Dolibaina, Dias & Casagrande sp. nov. Additionally, one restituted status, S. championi Godman & Salvin, 1886 stat. rest., one revalidated status, S. belti Godman & Salvin, 1886 stat. rev., and one new status, S. meyi Brévignon, 1998 stat. nov., are proposed; therefore, the “Probetoriformes” species group, as herein conceived, includes 10 of the about 60 species of the “catch-all” genus Symmachia. A neotype for Papilio probetor Stoll, 1782 and lectotypes for S. probetor form astiama Seitz, 1913, S. belti and S. championi are designated. The female of the recently described species S. divisora Dolibaina & Leite, 2012 is recognized and described for the first time. Additionally, morphologic illustrations and a dichotomous key for species of the “Probetoriformes” species group are provided.
Notes on the genus Sarmydus Pascoe, 1867 (Cerambycidae: Prioninae: Anacolini) from India with description of a new species
Authors: MAJUMDER AMITAVA , DRUMONT ALAIN , BOUYER THIERRY , CHANDRA KAILASH
Published: May 2020

A new species of Sarmydus Pascoe, 1867, S. bagh sp. nov., is described from north India and adjacent countries based on the habitus of both male and female, and male genitalia characters. Detailed taxonomic investigations reveal previous misidentification of several specimens from India of the new species as S. antennatus Pascoe, 1867. Accordingly, Sarmydus antennatus Pascoe, 1867 is removed from the Indian fauna. Photographs of the holotype of S. antennatus are provided, and the characters of this species discussed in detail. DNA barcoding analysis of the Himalayan Sarmydus species has been done for the confirmation of the new species. This analysis depicts significant genetic divergences of >14% between S. bagh sp. nov. and its congeners, thus, sufficiently supporting morphological interpretations.
Evaluation of a Convection-Permitting Modeling of Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Influences on the Simulation of Snow-Cover Fraction
Authors: Gao Yanhong , Chen Fei , Jiang Yingsha
Published: May 2020

Precipitation is a critical input to land surface and hydrology modeling and prediction. Dynamical downscale modeling has added value to representing precipitation, when compared with the performance of coarse-resolution reanalysis and global climate models, over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). Convection-permitting modeling (CPM) may even outperform dynamical downscale models (DDMs). In this study, 4-km CPM results were compared to 28-km DDM results for a snow season (1 October 2013–31 May 2014) over the TP. The CPM- and DDM-simulated precipitation, as well as three merged gridded precipitation datasets, were evaluated against in situ observations below 4800 m. The five precipitation datasets (CPM, DDM, CMFD, COPRPH, and TRMM) showed large differences over the TP with underestimation of TRMM and overestimation of CPM and DDM compared to observations. The most significant difference occurred in the Brahmaputra Grand Canyon. Given the substantial uncertainty in observed precipitation at high mountains, snow cover simulated by a high-resolution land data assimilation system was used to indirectly evaluate the above precipitation data using MODIS observations. Simulated snow-cover fraction was greatly underestimated using all the merged precipitation datasets. However, simulations using the DDM- and CPM-generated precipitation as input outperformed those using other gridded precipitation data, showing lower biases, higher pattern correlations, and closer probability distribution functions than runs driven by the merged precipitation. The findings of this study generally support the assumption that high-resolution CPM-produced precipitation has an added value for use in land surface and hydrology simulations in high-mountain regions without reliable in situ precipitation observations.
Object-Oriented Composite Analysis of Warm-Sector Rainfall in North China
Authors: Fu Jiaolan , Zhang Fuqing , Hewson Timothy D.
Published: May 2020

Warm-sector rainfall (WSR) occurs, by definition, in a warm-air region that is isolated from any forcing related to synoptic frontal boundaries at the surface. This study explores the use of an object-oriented technique to objectively and automatically identify various WSR events over North China from June to September in 2012–17. A total of 768 substantive events are identified over the 6 years. They have a mean maximum rainfall accumulation of 35 mm h−1. Most such events occur over the plains, with two-frequency maxima: one to the south of the Yanshan Mountain Ranges, and the other near the junction of Henan, Shandong, and Jiangsu provinces. WSR-related rainstorms can form in all warm-season months but are most commonly observed between mid-July and mid-August (40% of all events occurred then). Geographically, the region at greatest risk moves gradually northward from mid-June to mid-August, consistent with the progression of the East Asian summer monsoon. There are two diurnal peaks in WSR activity, one from late afternoon to early evening and the other from late evening to early morning. Three classes of upper-level synoptic pattern seem to be conducive to WSR: (i) a “Mongolia front pattern,” (ii) a “northern China front pattern,” and (iii) a “southern front pattern.” All of these patterns are accompanied by warm and moist southwesterly flow at low levels. Prior to WSR events, there is usually an upper-level trough. According to other studies, such a feature is not usually seen for WSR events in South China.
Aesthetic Communities, Histories, and Retrospective Consecration
Authors: Schmutz Vaughn , Dowd Timothy J.
Published: May 2020

In this introduction to the special issue “Retrospective cultural consecration: The dynamics of remembering and forgetting,” we briefly sketch prior work and new developments in research on aesthetic communities and their collectively constructed histories. Such histories often involve the retrospective consecration of a select few exemplars. Contributors to this special issue examine the dynamics by which aesthetic communities remember as well as forget their past. In doing so, the articles address three intertwined themes in processes of consecration: aesthetic hierarchy, aesthetic mobility, and aesthetic evaluation.
Are Individual Differences in Response to Intervention Influenced by the Methods and Measures Used to Define Response? Implications for Identifying Children With Learning Disabilities
Authors: Hendricks Emma L. , Fuchs Douglas
Published: May 2020

Response to intervention (RTI) has been promoted for nearly 20 years as a valid supplement to or alternative method of learning disability (LD) identification. Nevertheless, important unresolved questions remain about its role in disability identification. We had two purposes when conducting this study of 229 economically and racially diverse poor readers in Grades 4 and 5 in 28 public elementary and middle schools in Nashville. First, we examined predictors of the children’s response to a reading comprehension tutoring program. Second, we explored the utility of different methods (growth vs final status) and measures (near- and mid-transfer vs far-transfer) in operationalizing “response,” and whether these contrasting methods and measures identified similar children. Findings indicated students with higher pretreatment scores on expressive vocabulary, nonverbal IQ, teacher ratings of attention, and reading comprehension measures were more likely classified as responsive with final status methods. Students with lower pretreatment comprehension scores were more likely identified as responsive with growth methods. These and other findings suggest “response” is strongly context dependent, raising questions about the validity of RTI as a means of disability identification.
Preservice Observation in Special Education: A Validation Study
Authors: Pua Daisy J. , Peyton David J. , Brownell Mary T. , Contesse Valentina A. , Jones Nathan D.
Published: May 2020

Advancing teacher candidates’ overall competence through use of valid teacher observation systems should be an essential element of teacher preparation. Yet, the field of special education has not provided observation protocols designed specifically for preservice teachers that are founded in theoretical perspectives and research on effective instruction for students with learning and other high-incidence disabilities (SWDs). To address this need, a group of researchers in special education teacher preparation and measurement developed the Preservice Observation Instrument for Special Education (POISE). The POISE is an observation system rooted in effective special education practices that support the growth of preservice teachers who will serve SWD across instructional settings. The purpose of this article is to report on the development and psychometric properties of the POISE. Specifically, we employed Kane’s argument-based validity approach to frame each stage in the development process of the POISE. We conducted two phases of content validation activities, development activities, and a pilot study to assess the degree to which scores from POISE provided evidence for the scoring, generalizability, and extrapolation inferences. In the end, the POISE represents a promising observation instrument for the development of special education teacher candidates.
The scientist and the advertisement: Reklamegutachten in imperial Germany
Authors: Mercelis Joris
Published: May 2020

In late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Germany, the integration of product-evaluating certificates and reports ( Gutachten) into advertisements triggered repeated condemnations of “advertisement- Gutachten” ( Reklamegutachten), and scientists and science administrators introduced various restrictions to prevent the appearance of such documents. At the same time, the provision of Gutachten to private individuals and firms seemed crucial to the success of many private and public laboratories. Some chemical and other professionals, moreover, argued that the authoring and use of Reklamegutachten could represent a “scientific” and, therefore, ethical practice. By examining the contested history of the advertisement- Gutachten, this article reveals how a previously tolerated knowledge service lost its legitimacy in a particular place and period of time, and highlights the challenges of eliminating this practice or restoring its legitimacy afterward. The article also explores how professional scientists’ approaches to maintaining a reputation for integrity in the face of commercial and competitive pressures related to the better-known efforts of professionals in other fields, particularly the medical. I emphasize that, in determining whether a Gutachten qualified as scientific, the nature and transparency of the underlying research process was only one of the criteria that were considered, and often not the most significant yardstick. At the same time, however, ideas about the personal and professional/institutional integrity of providers of Gutachten were inextricably connected with assessments of the honesty and objectivity of their research.
What Is Title IX? Toward a Campus-Based Pedagogy to Study Inequality
Authors: Zarrugh Amina , Carpenter Erin , Ginnings Jason , Kaiser Devin , Yost Suzanne
Published: May 2020

In this article, we propose a campus-based pedagogy to teach sociology. We offer the example of a project designed to critically assess university Title IX policy and situate it within existing sociological research on gender-based inequalities and violence. Students engage in sociological research regarding issues such as sexual harassment and assault, intimate partner violence, consent, and rape culture, among others, and develop a tool to create greater awareness among the student body of university policy in these areas. Drawing surveys and focus group interviews with students who completed the project, we found that students acquire a historical and sociological understanding of gender-based violence and institutional sexism and consequently adopt a critical lens toward university Title IX policy regarding these issues. By situating students as central to the process of analyzing and critiquing university policy, this exercise fosters an intellectual efficacy among students to embark on sociologically informed interventions in their university’s campus culture.
Paul’s Letter to Free(d) Casual Workers: Profiling the Thessalonians in Light of the Roman Economy
Authors: Jung UnChan
Published: May 2020

There is a long history of dissonance between the (so-called) Old and New Consensuses with regard to the early Christians’ socio-economic status. The composition of the Thessalonian congregation, however, has been barely explored. Not only has some valuable evidence in 1 Thessalonians been neglected or underplayed, but also the Thessalonians’ socio-economic status has been deemed the same as that of the Corinthians or other Pauline Christians. In this regard, this article explores clues in the Pauline letters for the membership of the Thessalonian church in light of the Roman economy, while keeping open the possibility of its difference from other Pauline communities. It concludes that the Thessalonian church was a fairly homogeneous community of free/freed casual workers who lived around subsistence level (mostly PS6 and partly PS5 or PS7).
The Reception of the Gospel of John in the Long Recension of Ignatius’s Letters
Authors: Lookadoo Jonathon
Published: May 2020

The reception of Pauline and Johannine writings in the three centuries after their composition is of interest to NT researchers, and Ignatius of Antioch’s letters have rightly been taken into consideration when studying NT reception history. This article aims to fill a lacuna in reception historical studies of Ignatius’s epistles by exploring the role of John’s gospel in the fourth-century long recension. The long recension employs John when discussing Christology, Trinity, unity, Jewish-Christian identity, resurrection and for polemical purposes. This article thus contributes to ongoing reception historical studies of the NT within Ignatian literature, examines how the Gospel of John was employed by a fourth-century author and explores ways in which John is utilized to expand, update and modify the Ignatian middle recension.
Jesus as Interceding High Priest and Sacrifice in Hebrews: A Response to Nicholas Moore
Authors: Moffitt David M.
Published: May 2020

Is Jesus’ perpetual intercession for his people in Hebrews (Heb. 7.25) understood as a constitutive part of his atoning, high-priestly ministry? Nicholas Moore argues that Jesus’ act of sitting at God’s right hand is the decisive end of Jesus’ atoning sacrifice and so also of Hebrews’ Yom Kippur analogy. Among other points, I argue in response that Jesus’ ongoing absence from his people, status as high priest and current location in the heavenly holy of holies imply that Hebrews’ Yom Kippur analogy extends beyond Jesus’ act of sitting to include his present ministry of intercession. Not only were prayer and atoning sacrifice closely correlated for Second Temple Jews, Hebrews presents Jesus as the high priest who, in his resurrected humanity, is always also the sacrifice in the Father’s presence. Jesus presented himself to the Father once, but he is perpetually the high priest and sacrifice who ministers in God’s presence. For Hebrews, the Yom Kippur analogy (and so also Jesus’ atoning ministry) ends when, like the earthly high priests, Jesus leaves the heavenly holy of holies to return to and again be present with his people (Heb. 9.28). Only then will his followers receive the salvation for which they are waiting. Until that approaching day arrives, Jesus’ ongoing intercession with his Father ensures that his people will be saved completely.
The Effect of Inferior Turbinate Surgery on Quality of Life: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Kankaanpää Anna , Harju Teemu , Numminen Jura
Published: May 2020

Objective:

The purpose of this prospective, randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled study was to investigate the effects of radiofrequency ablation (RFA), diode laser, and microdebrider-assisted inferior turbinoplasty (MAIT) techniques on patients’ quality of life (QOL) and to compare the techniques with a placebo procedure.

Methods:

A total of 98 consecutive patients with enlarged inferior turbinates due to persistent year-round rhinitis were randomized into placebo, RFA, diode laser, and MAIT groups at a ratio of 1:2:2:2. All the procedures were carried out under local anesthesia with the patients’ eyes covered. Assessments were conducted prior to surgery and 3 months subsequent to the surgery. Quality of life was assessed with the Glasgow Health Status Inventory (GHSI).

Results:

The GHSI total score increased statistically significantly in all the groups, including placebo. There were no significant differences in the GHSI total score change between RFA, diode laser, and MAIT groups. The MAIT procedure improved the GHSI total score significantly more than the placebo procedure ( P = .04).

Conclusion:

All inferior turbinate surgery techniques lead to a significant improvement in the patients’ QOL, and no significant differences were found between the techniques. The placebo treatment also improved the QOL significantly. Only the MAIT technique improved the QOL significantly more compared to placebo.
Emergency Laryngectomy Feasibility and Indications Beyond Airway Obstruction in the Era of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Battoo Azhar Jan , Sheikh Zahoor Ahmad , Thankappan Krishnakumar , Haji Altaf Gowhar
Published: May 2020

Background:

It is believed that carrying out laryngectomy in tracheotomized patients leads to higher postoperative complications and stomal recurrence compared to carrying out the procedure upfront without prior tracheotomy. We believe that emergency laryngectomy is a feasible procedure in most cancer centers and can be carried out for indications beyond acute airway obstruction as well and complex reconstruction procedures can be also carried out simultaneously. We hereby describe our experience with emergency laryngectomy with or without pharyngectomy.

Methods:

Retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained data base was carried out. Patients who had undergone emergency laryngectomy in our department, from 2014 to 2018, were analyzed, and their clinicodemographic and histopathological features were noted. The indications for surgery and postoperative complications were charted down. Survival data of patients were also noted.

Results:

Seven patients have undergone emergency laryngectomy, 5 for acute airway obstruction and 2 for acute bleeding. Five patients were chemoradiotherapy failures, whereas 2 patients were operated upfront. Two out of 7 patients had pyriform fossa carcinoma, whereas rest of the patients had carcinoma of glottis. Reconstruction with pectoralis myocutaneous/pectoralis muscle only flap was carried out in 4 patients. Minor salivary leak was noted in 4 patients at varying time intervals from second week onward. Two patients had post radiotherapy chondroradionecrosis, without any residual/recurrent tumor. Three out of 7 patients developed recurrence which was salvageable in only 1 patient.

Conclusion:

Emergency laryngectomy can be safely carried out in emergency setting in most cancer centers, more so over it can be carried out for indications beyond acute airway obstruction and combined with complex reconstruction procedures.
Image-Guided Surgery and Intraoperative Imaging in Rhinology: Clinical Update and Current State of the Art
Authors: Schmale Isaac L. , Vandelaar Laura J. , Luong Amber U. , Citardi Martin J. , Yao William C.
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

Image-guided surgery (IGS) has gained widespread acceptance in otorhinolaryngology for its applications in sinus and skull base surgery. Although the core concepts of IGS have not changed, advances in image guidance technology, including the incorporation of intraoperative imaging, have the potential to enhance surgical education, allow for more rigorous preoperative planning, and aid in more complete surgery with improved outcomes.

Objectives:

Provide a clinical update regarding the use of image guidance and intraoperative imaging in the field of rhinology and endoscopic skull base surgery with a focus on current state of the art technologies.

Methods:

English-language studies published in PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase were searched for articles relating to image-guided sinus surgery, skull base surgery, and intraoperative imaging. Relevant studies were reviewed and critical appraisals were included in this clinical update, highlighting current state of the art advances.

Conclusions:

As image guidance and intraoperative imaging systems have advanced, their applications in sinus and skull base surgery have expanded. Both technologies offer invaluable real-time feedback on the status and progress of surgery, and thus may help to improve the completeness of surgery and overall outcomes. Recent advances such as augmented and virtual reality offer a window into the future of IGS. Future advancements should aim to enhance the surgeon’s operative experience by improving user satisfaction and ultimately lead to better surgical results.
My True Self is Better Than Yours: Comparative Bias in True Self Judgments
Authors: Zhang Yiyue , Alicke Mark
Published: May 2020

Researchers have assumed that people judge their own true selves, or their authentic and fundamental nature, to be no better than that of others. This assumption conflicts with self-enhancement perspectives, and with studies on comparative biases in self and social judgment, which assume that people tend to view their characteristics and life prospects more favorably than those of others. The five studies in this article demonstrate that comparative bias operates in self versus other true self comparisons, both with regard to traits (Studies 1–3), and morally relevant behaviors (Studies 4 and 5). Implications for the true and authentic self constructs are discussed.
Voice Quality and Ostracism
Authors: Ng Thomas W. H. , Wang Mo , Hsu Dennis Y. , Su Chang
Published: May 2020

To move beyond the current emphasis on voice level or quantity in voice research, it is important to consider the effects of making suggestions that others view as poor quality. Guided by sociometer theory, we propose that voice quality affects workplace ostracism: The coworker may see the employee who makes bad suggestions as incompetent, which results in the employee being ostracized. The employee’s ostracism experience matters because it may not only result in the employee’s self-perception of poor voice quality but may also lead the employee to rate the coworker’s suggestions more harshly. In a field study over 6 weeks (294 employee-coworker dyads) and two vignette experiments (401 subjects), we found support for this sociometer view of voice quality. Thus, this study makes an important contribution to voice research by highlighting the quality dimension of voice. Employees who hope to effect change through their voice should monitor whether the quality of their suggestions will be judged favorably or unfavorably by their coworkers to avoid being ostracized.
Searching for a Sign: CEO Successor Selection in the Wake of Corporate Misconduct
Authors: Connelly Brian L. , Shi Wei , Walker H. Jack , Hersel Matt C.
Published: May 2020

We theorize about board decision making by introducing image theory, a descriptive theory of selection for decisions of more than routine importance, to research on CEO successor selection. We contend that directors’ current and future images of the firm typically revolve around their main responsibility, maximizing shareholder wealth. However, following discovery of misconduct, those images shift to the misconduct and to how it might be prevented. As such, ethical leadership dominates their criteria for a CEO successor. Evaluating candidates’ moral principles is nontrivial; there are few observable indicators. We develop arguments that, following organizational wrongdoing, directors are more likely to choose a CEO successor with a degree from a religiously affiliated university than they would under other conditions. We also find their intuition is correct: Choosing a CEO with a degree from a religious university reduces the likelihood of misconduct. In moderating analyses, we uncover a hidden irony: Directors in industries where misconduct is common are the least likely to choose, but the most likely to need, a CEO with a degree from a religious university. Results from analyses of S&P 1500 firms and a policy capturing study of actual directors support our hypotheses.
Managing by Data: Algorithmic Categories and Organizing
Authors: Alaimo Cristina , Kallinikos Jannis
Published: May 2020

Data and data management techniques increasingly permeate organizations and the contexts in which they are embedded. We conduct an empirical investigation of Last.fm, an online music discovery platform, with a view to unpacking the work of data and algorithms in the process of categorization. Drawing on Eleanor Rosch and her colleagues, we link the making of categories with the construction of basic objects that function as key filters or registers for perceiving and organizing the world and interacting with it. In contexts such as the ones we have studied, basic objects are made out of data rather than expert or community-based knowledge. In such settings, basic objects work as pervasive reality filters and as the entities on which other organizational objects and categories are built. As they diffuse, such objects and the categories they instantiate become naturalized, increasingly reconfiguring the social order of organizations and their environments as a data order. Once key organizational activities such as the making of objects and categorizing are rearranged by data and algorithms, organizations can no longer be framed as separate from the technologies they deploy.
Role Distancing and the Persistence of Long Work Hours in Professional Service Firms
Authors: Lupu Ioana , Ruiz-Castro Mayra , Leca Bernard
Published: May 2020

This paper examines how and why individuals distance themselves from the prescribed professional role that – like the ‘ideal worker’ image – centres on long work hours. Our study of audit and law professionals demonstrated that although many people complied with the professional role, some came to distance themselves from the professional role centred on long work hours. We develop a model of role distancing as consisting of two interrelated microprocesses: apprehension, involving a cognitive and emotional shift as individuals start envisaging their professional role as provisional and potentially changeable, and role redefinition, private and/or public, where individuals modify their work practices. In the firms we studied, although both men and women redefined their roles for themselves (private role redefinition), women were more likely than men to also redefine the professional role for external audiences (public role redefinition). Together, these findings highlight the importance of apprehension and role redefinition for role distancing, offer new insights into the role of emotions and material constraints, and thus enrich theory on role distancing.