bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Degradation of extracellular nucleotides and their analogs in HeLa and HUVEC cell cultures.
Authors: Gendaszewska-Darmach Edyta , Maszewska Maria , Zakłos Małgorzata , Koziołkiewicz Maria
Published: December 2019

The use of nucleotides and their analogs in the pharmacological studies of nucleotide receptors (P2 class) should be preceded by detailed studies on their degradation connected with ecto-enzymes of a given cell type. In the present studies we have analyzed stability of some phosphorothioate and phosphonate analogs of ATP and ADP in the HeLa epitheloid carcinoma and endothelial HUVEC cells cultures. Our studies have revealed that ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase (E-NPP) is one of the main enzymes involved in the extracellular degradation of ATP and other nucleotides in the HeLa cells. On the other hand, the ecto-ATPDase is responsible for the hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides in human endothelial cell cultures, while the E-NPP-like enzymes of the HUVEC cells are not essential to this degradation. The concerted action of the aforementioned ecto-enzymes and nucleotide pyrophosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase present in fetal bovine serum (FBS) supplied to the culture medium, results in partial or complete degradation of the phosphorothioate (ATPgammaS) and phosphonate analogs of adenosine nucleotides (alpha,beta-methylene-ATP and beta,gamma-methylene-ATP) in the cell cultures. Only ADPbetaS appears to be resistant to these enzymes. The influence of some nucleotides and their analogs on the proliferation of the HeLa cells in presence or absence of FBS is also discussed.
The roles of annexins and alkaline phosphatase in mineralization process.
Authors: Balcerzak Marcin , Hamade Eva , Zhang Le , Pikula Slawomir , Azzar Gérard , Radisson Jacqueline , Bandorowicz-Pikula Joanna , Buchet Rene
Published: December 2019

In this review the roles of specific proteins during the first step of mineralization and nucleation are discussed. Mineralization is initiated inside the extracellular organelles-matrix vesicles (MVs). MVs, containing relatively high concentrations of Ca2+ and inorganic phosphate (Pi), create an optimal environment to induce the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA). Special attention is given to two families of proteins present in MVs, annexins (AnxAs) and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatases (TNAPs). Both families participate in the formation of HA crystals. AnxAs are Ca2+ - and lipid-binding proteins, which are involved in Ca2+ homeostasis in bone cells and in extracellular MVs. AnxAs form calcium ion channels within the membrane of MVs. Although the mechanisms of ion channel formation by AnxAs are not well understood, evidence is provided that acidic pH or GTP contribute to this process. Furthermore, low molecular mass ligands, as vitamin A derivatives, can modulate the activity of MVs by interacting with AnxAs and affecting their expression. AnxAs and other anionic proteins are also involved in the crystal nucleation. The second family of proteins, TNAPs, is associated with Pi homeostasis, and can hydrolyse a variety of phosphate compounds. ATP is released in the extracellular matrix, where it can be hydrolyzed by TNAPs, ATP hydrolases and nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) pyrophosphohydrolases. However, TNAP is probably not responsible for ATP-dependent Ca2+/phosphate complex formation. It can hydrolyse pyrophosphate (PPi), a known inhibitor of HA formation and a byproduct of NTP pyrophosphohydrolases. In this respect, antagonistic activities of TNAPs and NTP pyrophosphohydrolases can regulate the mineralization process.
Selenium, glutathione and glutathione peroxidases in blood of patients with chronic liver diseases.
Authors: Czuczejko Jolanta , Zachara Bronisław A , Staubach-Topczewska Ewa , Halota Waldemar , Kedziora Józef
Published: December 2019

Disturbances in the antioxidant system could play a role in pathogenesis of chronic liver disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate the levels/activities of antioxidants in blood of patients with chronic liver disease. We estimated selenium and glutathione concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activities in blood of 59 patients with chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection (group 1) and 64 patients with alcoholic, autoimmune or cryptogenic chronic liver disease (group 2). The results were compared with 50 healthy controls. Whole blood and plasma selenium and red cell glutathione concentrations were significantly lower in the patients compared with the controls. Red cell glutathione peroxidase activity was slightly reduced in both subgroups of group 1 and in group 2 with normal alanine aminotransferase values. Plasma glutathione peroxidase activity was slightly but significantly higher in patients with elevated aminotransferase values. The findings suggest that disturbances in antioxidant parameters in blood of patients with chronic liver disease may be the cause of the peroxidative damage of cells.
Application of electrophoretic methods for detection of protein-porphyrin complexes.
Authors: Kowalska Agnieszka , Kwiek Piotr , Miłosz Ewa , Gondek Grzegorz , Romiszewska Anna , Graczyk Alfreda , Podhajska Anna J
Published: December 2019

Simple methods for detection and isolation of protein-porphyrin complexes were elaborated in our laboratory. They are based on the separation of protein-porphyrin complexes in native polyacrylamide gel and measurement of their fluorescence, with the use of two detection systems: the commercially available Gel Doc(TM) 2000 system, and a system specially designed for the purpose of these investigations, concerning protein-porphyrin interactions. The fluorescent complexes can be electro-transferred from the gel onto PVDF membrane, eluted and analyzed in order to identify the protein interacting with porphyrins.
Dynamics of neutral lipid storage in yeast.
Authors: Müllner Heidemarie , Daum Günther
Published: December 2019

Since energy storage is a basic metabolic process, the synthesis of neutral lipids occurs in all kingdoms of life. The yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, widely accepted as a model eukaryotic cell, contains two classes of neutral lipids, namely steryl esters and triacylglycerols. Triacylglycerols are synthesized through two pathways governed by the acyl-CoA diacylglycerol acyltransferase Dga1p and the phospholipid diacylglycerol acyltransferase Lro1p, respectively. Steryl esters are formed by the two steryl ester synthases Are1p and Are2p, two enzymes with overlapping function which also catalyze triacylglycerol formation, although to a minor extent. Storage of neutral lipids is tightly linked to the biogenesis of so called lipid particles. The role of this compartment in lipid homeostasis and its interplay with other organelles involved in neutral lipid dynamics, especially the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane, are subject of current investigations. In contrast to neutral lipid formation, mobilization of triacylglycerols and steryl esters in yeast are less characterized at the molecular level. Only recently, the triacylglycerol lipase Tgl3p was identified as the first yeast enzyme of this kind by function. Genes and gene products governing steryl ester mobilization still await identification. Besides biochemical properties of enzymes involved in yeast neutral lipid synthesis and degradation, regulatory aspects of these pathways and cell biological consequences of neutral lipid depletion will be discussed in this minireview.
RNA modulation, repair and remodeling by splice switching oligonucleotides.
Authors: Kole Ryszard , Williams Tiffany , Cohen Lisa
Published: December 2019

Targeting splicing by antisense oligonucleotides allows RNA modifications that are not possible with RNA interference or other antisense techniques that destine the RNA for destruction. By changing the ratio of naturally occurring splice variants the expression of mRNA is modulated. By preventing the use of an aberrant splice site created by a mutation and enforcing re-selection of correct splice sites the RNA is repaired. Antisense induced skipping of the exon that carries a nonsense mutation remodels the mRNA and restores the reading frame of the defective protein. All of the above approaches have clinical applications. Modulation of splice variants is particularly important since close to 60% of all genes code for alternatively spliced pre-mRNA.
Regulation of nuclear phospholipase C activity.
Authors: Manzoli Lucia , Billi Anna Maria , Martelli Alberto Maria , Cocco Lucio
Published: December 2019

A body of evidence, linking inositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) to the nucleus, is quite extensive. The main isoform in the nucleus is PI-PLCbeta1, whose activity is up-regulated in response to insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) or insulin stimulation. Whilst at the plasma membrane this PI-PLC is activated and regulated by Galphaq/alpha(11) and Gbetagamma subunits, there is yet no evidence that qalpha/alpha(11) is present within the nuclear compartment, neither GTP-gamma-S nor AlF4 can stimulate PI-PLCbeta1 activity in isolated nuclei. Here we review the evidence that upon occupancy of type 1 IGF receptor there is translocation to the nucleus of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) which phosphorylates nuclear PI-PLCbeta1 and triggers its signalling, hinting at a separate pathway of regulation depending on the subcellular location of PI-PLCbeta1. The difference in the regulation of the activity of PI-PLCbeta1mirrors the evidence that nuclear and cytoplasmatic inositides can differ markedly in their signalling capability. Indeed, we do know that agonists which affect nuclear inositol lipid cycle at the nucleus do not stimulate the one at the plasma membrane.
Inhibition of mitochondrial bioenergetics: the effects on structure of mitochondria in the cell and on apoptosis.
Authors: Lyamzaev Konstantin G , Izyumov Denis S , Avetisyan Armine V , Yang Fuyu , Pletjushkina Olga Yu , Chernyak Boris V
Published: December 2019

The effects of specific inhibitors of respiratory chain, F(o)F(1)ATP synthase and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation on survival of carcinoma HeLa cells and on the structure of mitochondria in the cells were studied. The inhibitors of respiration (piericidin, antimycin, myxothiazol), the F(1)-component of ATP synthase (aurovertin) and uncouplers (DNP, FCCP) did not affect viability of HeLa cells, apoptosis induced by TNF or staurosporin and the anti-apoptotic action of Bcl-2. Apoptosis was induced by combined action of respiratory inhibitors and uncouplers indicating possible pro-apoptotic action of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by mitochondria. Short-term incubation of HeLa cells with the mitochondrial inhibitors and 2-deoxyglucose followed by 24-48 h recovery resulted in massive apoptosis. Apoptosis correlated to transient (3-4 h) and limited (60-70%) depletion of ATP. More prolonged or more complete transient ATP depletion induced pronounced necrosis. The inhibitors of respiration and uncouplers caused fragmentation of tubular mitochondria and formation of small round bodies followed by swelling. These transitions were not accompanied with release of cytochrome c into the cytosol and were fully reversible. The combined effect of respiratory inhibitors and uncouplers developed more rapidly indicating possible involvement of ROS generated by mitochondria. More prolonged (48-72 h) incubation with this combination of inhibitors caused clustering and degradation of mitochondria.
Fluorogenic peptide substrates for carboxydipeptidase activity of cathepsin B.
Authors: Stachowiak Krystyna , Tokmina Monika , Karpińska Anna , Sosnowska Renata , Wiczk Wiesław
Published: December 2019

Cathepsin B is a lysosomal cysteine protease exhibiting mainly dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase activity, which decreases dramatically above pH 5.5, when the enzyme starts acting as an endopeptidase. Since the common cathepsin B assays are performed at pH 6 and do not distinguish between these activities, we synthesized a series of peptide substrates specifically designed for the carboxydipeptidase activity of cathepsin B. The amino-acid sequences of the P(5)-P(1) part of these substrates were based on the binding fragments of cystatin C and cystatin SA, the natural reversible inhibitors of papain-like cysteine protease. The sequences of the P'(1)-P'(2) dipeptide fragments of the substrates were chosen on the basis of the specificity of the S'(1)-S'(2) sites of the cathepsin B catalytic cleft. The rates of hydrolysis by cathepsin B and papain, the archetypal cysteine protease, were monitored by a continuous fluorescence assay based on internal resonance energy transfer from an Edans to a Dabcyl group. The fluorescence energy donor and acceptor were attached to the C- and the N-terminal amino-acid residues, respectively. The kinetics of hydrolysis followed the Michaelis-Menten model. Out of all the examined peptides Dabcyl-R-L-V-G-F- E(Edans) turned out to be a very good substrate for both papain and cathepsin B at both pH 6 and pH 5. The replacement of Glu by Asp turned this peptide into an exclusive substrate for cathepsin B not hydrolyzed by papain. The substitution of Phe by Nal in the original substrate caused an increase of the specificity constant for cathepsin B at pH 5, and a significant decrease at pH 6. The results of kinetic studies also suggest that Arg in position P(4) is not important for the exopeptidase activity of cathepsin B, and that introducing Glu in place of Val in position P(2) causes an increase of the substrate preference towards this activity.
Interaction of class A G protein-coupled receptors with G proteins.
Authors: Slusarz Rafał , Ciarkowski Jerzy
Published: December 2019

A model for interaction of class A G protein-coupled receptor with the G protein G(alpha) subunit is proposed using the rhodopsin-transducin (RD/Gt) prototype. The model combines the resolved interactions/distances, essential in the active RD*/Gt system, with the structure of Gt(alpha) C-terminal peptide bound to RD* while stabilizing it. Assuming the interactions involve conserved parts of the partners, the model specifies the conserved Helix 2 non-polar X- - -X, Helix 3 DRY and Helix 7/8 NP- -Y- - F RD* motifs interacting with the Gt(alpha) C-terminal peptide, in compliance with the structure of the latter. A concomitant role of Gt(alpha) and Gt(gamma) C-termini in stabilizing RD* could possibly be resolved assuming a receptor dimer as requisite for G protein activation.
Conformational investigation of alpha,beta-dehydropeptides. XIII. Conformational properties of N-acetyl-alpha,beta-dehydrovaline N',N'-dimethylamide.
Authors: Siodłak Dawid , Rzeszotarska Barbara , Broda Małgorzata A , Kozioł Anna E , Kołodziejczyk Edyta
Published: December 2019

The crystal structure of Ac-DeltaVal-NMe(2) (DeltaVal = alpha,beta-dehydrovaline) was determined by X-ray crystallography. The found angles phi = -60 degrees and psi = 125 degrees correspond exactly to the respective values of the (i + 1)th residue in idealised beta-turn II/VIa. Ab initio/DFT studies revealed that the molecule adopts the angle psi restricted only to about |130 degrees | and very readily attains the angle phi = about -50 degrees. This is in line with its solid-state conformation. Taken together, these data suggest that the DeltaVal residue combined with a C-terminal tertiary amide is a good candidate at the (i + 1)th position in a type II/VIa beta-turn.
Functional and physical interactions of Krr1p, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae nucleolar protein.
Authors: Gromadka Robert , Karkusiewicz Iwona , Rempoła Bozenna , Rytka Joanna
Published: December 2019

The Krr1 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is involved in processing of pre-rRNA and assembly of pre-ribosomal 40S subunits. To further investigate the function of Krr1p we constructed a conditional cold sensitive mutant krr1-21, and isolated seven genes from Schizosaccharomyces pombe whose products suppressed the cold sensitive phenotype of krr1-21 cells. Among the multicopy suppressors we found genes coding for translation elongation factor EF-1alpha, a putative ribose methyltransferase and five genes encoding ribosomal proteins. Using the tandem affinity purification (TAP) method we identified thirteen S. cerevisiae ribosomal proteins interacting with Krr1p. Taken together, these results indicate that Krr1p interacts functionally as well as physically with ribosomal proteins. Northern blot analysis revealed that changes in the level of krr1-21 mRNA were accompanied by similar changes in the level of mRNAs of genes encoding ribosomal proteins. Thus, Krr1p and the genes encoding ribosomal proteins it interacts with seem to be coordinately regulated at the level of transcription.
Glutathione S-transferase pi as a target for tricyclic antidepressants in human brain.
Authors: Barańczyk-Kuźma Anna , Kuźma Magdalena , Gutowicz Marzena , Kaźmierczak Beata , Sawicki Jacek
Published: December 2019

GST pi, the main glutathione S-transferase isoform present in the human brain, was isolated from various regions of the brain and the in vitro effect of tricyclic antidepressants on its activity was studied. The results indicated that amitripyline and doxepin--derivatives of dibenzcycloheptadiene, as well as imipramine and clomipramine--derivatives of dibenzazepine, inhibit the activity of GST pi from frontal and parietal cortex, hippocampus and brain stem. All these tricyclics are noncompetitive inhibitors of the enzyme with respect to reduced glutathione and noncompetitive (amitripyline, doxepin) or uncompetitive (imipramine, clomipramine) with respect to the electrophilic substrate. Their inhibitory effect is reversible and it depends on the chemical structure of the tricyclic antidepressants rather than on the brain localization of the enzyme. We conclude that the interaction between GST pi and the drugs may reduce their availability in the brain and thus affect their therapeutic activity. On the other hand, tricyclic antidepressants may decrease the efficiency of the enzymatic barrier formed by GST and increase the exposure of brain to toxic electrophiles. Reactive electrophiles not inactivated by GST may contribute in adverse effects caused by these drugs.
AMP-deaminase from hen stomach smooth muscle--physico-chemical properties of the enzyme.
Authors: Swieca Anna , Rybakowska Iwona , Koryziak Anna , Klimek Jerzy , Kaletha Krystian
Published: December 2019

AMP-deaminase from hen stomach smooth muscle was isolated and physico-chemical properties of the purified enzyme were investigated. The enzyme had an activity optimum at pH 6.5, and poorly deaminated the substrate analogues tested. At optimum pH (6.5), in the absence of regulatory ligands (control conditions), the enzyme manifested hyperbolic substrate-saturation kinetics with half-saturation constant (S(0.5)) of about 4.5 mM. Additions of adenine nucleotide effectors (ATP, ADP) activated the enzyme strongly at all the concentrations tested, diminishing significantly the value of S(0.5) constant. In contrast, the regulatory effect of orthophosphate was variable, and depended on the orthophosphate concentration used. The molecular mass of the enzyme subunit determined in SDS/PAG electrophoresis was about of 37kDa. The obtained results suggest that in different types of hen muscle, similarly as in humans and rats, expression of AMP-deaminase is under the control of independent genes.
Comparison of microbiome isolated from the conjunctiva, contact lens and lens storage case of symptomatic and asymptomatic contact lens users
Authors: Raksha L. , Shantala G.B. , Gangashettappa Nagaraju , Ambica R. , Sinha Deepa
Published: December 2019

Background and Objectives: Contact lenses (CLs) are increasingly being used for cosmetic or therapeutic purposes. Lack of compliance and poor hygiene towards lens care is strongly associated with microbial contamination and has been proved to result in eye infections. The present study was done to compare the microbial flora between symptomatic and asymptom- atic contact lens users. The study also attempts to analyze the contact lens hygiene practices of CL users. Materials and Methods: Six samples each were collected from both the eyes, CLs and lens cases of 40 CL users (n=240) divided into two groups based on symptoms present as- asymptomatic CL users and symptomatic CL users. Organisms were identified using standard microbiological techniques. Results: The proportion GNB obtained in symptomatic CL users was significantly higher when compared to asymptomatic CL users (p-value= <0.003). In 56.2% eyes, the microbial flora of conjunctiva was similar to either the contact lens isolate/ storage case. Enterococcal microbial keratitis was seen in one case. Conclusion: There was significant microbial contamination present in CL users despite compliance to contact lens hygiene practices. There were a significant number of bacteria (p-value <0.001) present which were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicil- lin-clavulanate, and cefotaxime in both the groups.
Characterization of lactobacilli strains isolated from baby’s feces for their potential immunobiotic application
Authors: Al Kassaa Imad , Mechemchani Samah , Zaylaa Mazen , Bachar Ismail Mohamad , El Omari Khaled , Dabboussi Fouad , Hamze Monzer
Published: December 2019

Background and Objectives: Several LAB species were evaluated and characterized for potential probiotic use. Besides the antimicrobial activity, probiotics showed recently a capacity to prevent and to alleviate inflammatory and chronic diseases. Immunomodulation effect is one of the modes of actions of such probiotics, called immunobiotics, which can be used in several chronic diseases such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). The aim of this study was to isolate, identify and char- acterize lactobacilli strains from healthy baby’s feces in order to select some strains with potential immunobiotic application especially strains which can stimulate anti-inflammatory responses. Materials and Methods: Forty-two LAB strains were isolated and identified by the MALDI-TOF / MS technique. In addi- tion, strains were subjected to several assessments such as antimicrobial activity, the capacity to form biofilm in polystyrene microplate and immunomodulation activity in a PBMC model. Results: Results showed that the majority of strains (90.4%) were identified as Lactobacillus. However, among these, only 39.4% of lactobacilli strains were not identified at the species level. All isolated lactobacilli strains showed an anti-inflam- matory effect. Moreover, 7 strains were considered as good probiotic candidates based on their characteristics such as their antibacterial activities, formation of the strongest biofilm and their ability to stimulate an anti-inflammatory response in PBMCs model. Conclusion: Two strains (Lactobacillus spp S14 and Lactobacillus spp S49) which showed the best immunobiotic char- acteristics, could be selected and evaluated more deeply in vivo model as well as in human clinical study to ensure their effectiveness in inflammatory diseases such as IBD.
Comparison of cytokine profile of IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-10 in cutaneous leishmaniasis using PBMC vs. whole blood
Authors: Miramin Mohammadi Akram , Javadi Amir , Firooz Alireza , Khamesipour Ali
Published: December 2019

Background and Objectives: The surrogate marker (s) of cure and protection in intracellular pathogens is not yet well defined. The aim of this study was to compare the cytokine profile using whole blood cells (WBC) vs. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in healthy and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) volunteers. Materials and Methods: In this study, WBC and PBMC of the volunteers with history of CL (HCL), Active lesion (ACL) and healthy volunteers were collected. The WBC and PBMC were cultured and stimulated with either PHA or soluble Leish- mania antigens (SLA), after 72 hours, the supernatants were collected and the levels of IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-10 were titrated using ELISA method. Results: The mean ± SD of cytokines using WBC and PBMC in cutaneous leishmaniasis volunteers stimulated with phy- tohemagglutin (PHA) or SLA are as follow, PHA, IFN-γ=2295±995 vs. 2339±1115, IL-10=853±309 vs. 1330±966, and IL-5=299±136 vs. 352+156, SLA, IFN-γ, 931±824 vs. 825±532, IL-10, 233±78 vs. 408±381, and IL-5, 185±59 vs. 217±76, respectively. There was no significant difference between the IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-10 levels using WBC vs. PBMC. There was a strong correlation between the cytokine profiles using WBC and PBMC in cutaneous leishmaniasis volunteers. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-5 levels in whole blood and PBMC of volunteers with active lesion or history of CL. Whole-blood culture which is easier, cheaper and more convenient could be used instead of PBMC to evaluate the cytokine profile in field conditions.
Extra-Curricular Activities Improved Reproductive Health Knowledge of Ethnic Minority High School Students in Vietnam
Authors: Van Hung Mai , Van Khoa Duong , Quy Tinh Hoang , Hai Thuy Trinh , Phuc Hung Nguyen
Published: December 2019

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of extra-curricular activities in improving reproductive health knowledge of ethnic minority students in mountainous areas in Vietnam. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 400 ethnic minority students at Dien Bien Dong Ethnic Minority High School in Vietnam. The selected healthy students with a similar mix of study results and grades were divided into two groups: a control group had no the extra-curricular activities on reproductive health, and an experimental group participated extra-curricular activities on reproductive health. The extra-curricular activities were designed as a series of seminars on numerous reproductive health contents. The retention of reproductive health knowledge was then evaluated by a test containing multiple-choice and single-choice questions. Results: Results showed that the percentage of students who did not correctly understand puberty signs, ovulation time during menstrual cycle, contraceptive method use and sexually transmitted diseases in the control group ranged from 34.5% - 83.5%. Despite the fact that the ethnic minority high school students’ knowledge of reproductive health was poor, the percentage of students who fully understood puberty signs, ovulation time during menstrual cycle, contraceptive method use and sexually transmitted diseases significantly increased and reached at least 90% after attending extra-curricular activities on reproductive health (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The ethnic minority high school students’ knowledge of reproductive health was relatively poor. Extra-curricular activities markedly increased the knowledge of many reproductive health aspects. These findings suggest that it is necessary to improve the knowledge of reproductive health for ethnic minority high school students in mountainous areas in Vietnam, and that extra-curricular activities organized as seminars are effective and suitable to provide and retain students’ knowledge of reproductive health.
Improvement of Lead Acetate-Induced Testicular Injury and Sperm Quality Deterioration by Solanum Anomalum Thonn. Ex. Schumach Fruit Extracts in Albino Rats
Authors: James Offor Samuel , Orji Mbagwu Herbert , Ebere Orisakwe Orish
Published: December 2019

Objective: This study has investigated the protective role of a natural alternative, Solanum anomalum fruit extract in lead induced testicular toxicity in male albino rats. Materials and methods: Twenty-four mature male albino rats were used, divided into four groups of six rats per group. Group 1 (control rats) were given distilled water (10ml/kg), group 2 received lead acetate solution 60mg/kg, group 3 received lead acetate (60mg/kg) followed by Solanum anomalum (452mg/kg) and group 4 rats were given lead acetate (60mg/kg) followed by Solanum anomalum (678mg/kg) by oral gavage daily for 28 days. Results: Lead treated group showed significant increase in Malondialdehyde MDA (1.58 ± 0.09 to 1.90 ± 0.17 µmol/L of plasma) and decreases in Superoxide dismutase SOD, glutathione peroxidase (482.85 ± 53.43 to 247.18 ± 70.40 U/L of blood), total glutathione (1.11 ± 0.03 to 0.56 ± 0.31 ng/µL) (144.80 ± 7.00 and 122.39 ± 4.63 U/ml of blood), epididymal sperm reserve, testicular sperm count, % sperm motility and % sperm viability. Conclusion: Co-administration of Solanum anomalum significantly reversed the effect of lead with restoration of histoarchitecture of the testes. Solanum anomalum may be a protective modulator of lead -induced testicular injury.
Clinical Validation of Mobile Cardiotocograph Device for Intrapartum and Antepartum Monitoring Compared to Standard Cardiotocograph: An Inter-Rater Agreement Study
Authors: Kumar Das Manoja , Tripathi Reva , Kumar Kashyap Neeraj , Fotedar Sunita , Singh Bisht Surender , M. Rathore Asmita , Raghav Aakanksha
Published: December 2019

Objective: Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) using cardiotocograph (CTG) is commonly used both to assess fetal wellbeing in late antepartum and for intervention during intrapartum period. We validated the performance of indigenously developed mobile cardiotocograph (CTG) device with wireless probes compared to standard CTG device. Materials and methods: We sequentially used mobile and standard CTG devices in 495 pregnant women in labour and 359 pregnant women with gestation > 32 weeks. The CTG interpreted by two independent obstetricians in a blinded manner were compared to estimate the agreement by kappa (k) statistic. Results: High level of agreements between mobile and standard CTG devices for both intrapartum (87.9%; kappa 0.61) and antepartum monitoring (91.2%; kappa 0.60) were observed. Most of the pregnant women (80% in intrapartum and 70% in antepartum groups) and all nurses and obstetricians preferred the mobile CTG device over standard CTG device. Conclusion: The mobile CTG device can reliably be used for both intrapartum and antepartum monitoring instead of the standard CTG devices. The smaller size, portability and ability to transmit the recordings for second opinion make it suitable for use by midwives for appropriate triaging and referral. Wider availability of CTG and interpretation support at the peripheral facilities would assist identifying at-risk pregnancies and foetuses for timely referral and appropriate action to reduce perinatal deaths, stillbirths and birth asphyxi.
DIREITO AMBIENTAL E NANOTECNOLOGIAS: DESAFIOS AOS NOVOS RISCOS DA INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Berwig Juliane Altmann , Engelmann Wilson , Weyermuller André Rafael
Published: December 2019

Propõe-se avaliar a complexidade que as novas tecnologias representam, sobretudo na utilização das nanotecnologias em inúmeros produtos que, a priori, foram desenvolvidos para proporcionar melhorias e não para causar danos futuros. Por meio de uma pesquisa descritiva e bibliográfica, objetiva-se conhecer os instrumentos tradicionais do Direito Ambiental e avaliar as possibilidades de novos caminhos aptos a conciliar a necessária evolução tecnológica com a prudência em relação às possíveis resultantes imprevisíveis da utilização de elementos desenvolvidos na escala nano. A tutela pelo sistema do Direito Ambiental se desenvolveu sobre uma base antropocêntrica e apresenta uma série de mecanismos classificados dentro das três esferas de tutela, a administrativa, a penal e a civil. Com o advento de novas demandas, sobretudo a nanotecnologia e suas possíveis repercussões no futuro, alternativas precisam ser construídas para evitar o impedimento do desenvolvimento tecnológico e, ao mesmo tempo, proporcionar segurança. É possível concluir que a ausência de norma especifica para tutelar a utilização de produtos com nanotecnologia, não pode ser justificativa para não lançar mão de novos instrumentos capazes de realizar essa complexa tarefa. Não obstante a necessidade de uma regra específica, a aplicação de princípios de Direito Ambiental, como precaução, prevenção, poluidor-pagador e outras fontes do Direito, representa um caminho viável.
Prácticas de responsabilidad social empresarial desarrolladas por empresas familiares mexicanas y su efecto en el éxito competitivo y la innovación
Authors: Esparza-Aguilar José Luis , Reyes-Fong Teodoro
Published: December 2019

El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar los efectos que tienen las prácticas de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE) desarrolladas por mipymes familiares en el éxito competitivo y la innovación. Para esto, se ha utilizado una muestra de 245 empresas familiares en el sur del estado de Quintana Roo, México, a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario a los gerentes/propietarios. Se ha propuesto un modelo teórico con las hipótesis a contrastar, y se ha validado con un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM por sus siglas en inglés). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las prácticas de RSE desarrolladas por las mipymes familiares tienen un efecto positivo y estadísticamente significativo en el éxito competitivo y en la innovación. En cuanto a la innovación y su efecto en el éxito competitivo, fue positivo, pero no significativo.
A Discrete Numerical Solution of The SIR Model with Horizontal and Vertical Transmission
Authors: Fayeldi Trija
Published: December 2019

The aim of this paper is to is to generalize the SIR model with horizontal and vertical transmission. In this paper, we develop the discrete version of the model. We use Euler method to approximate numerical solution of the model. We found two equilibrium points, that is disease free and endemic equilibrium points. The existence of these points depend on basic reproduction number R0. We found that if R0 1 then only disease free equilibrium points exists, while both points exists when R0 1. We also found that the stability of these equilibrium points depend on the value of step-size h. Some numerical experiments were presented as illustration.
The Study Geometry Fractals Designed on Batik Motives
Authors: Juhari Juhari
Published: December 2019

This research was conducted to gain some patterns of fractals Julia set and Seirpinski that applied on Batik then creating Batik that has many varied motives and multifaceted. There are three steps in formulating the patterns of fractals of Julia set and Seirpinski. First, build the fractals by analyzing the function of fractals Julia set and determine the plane’s coordinate which you want to use. In this case, we use square and rectangle which will be created by using fractals patterns Seirpinski. Second, create a batik motives from fractals pattern Julia set and Seirpinski by using geometry transformation. The geometry transformation which will be used are translation, dilatation, reflection, and rotation. The last, combine some batik motives which were created by using image processing. It was summation of two images processing. The result is batik motives that has many variated and multifaceted.
SIP Diyalog Analitiği ve Ses Kaydı Ayrıştırılması Modeli
Authors: Ozsoy Adnan , Özdemir Fatih , Kopuz Çağdaş
Published: December 2019

VoIP ve internet teknolojisindeki gelişmeler ve sunduğu avantajlar nedeniyle, internet üzerinden iletişim çok yaygın hale gelmiştir. Mevcutta kullanılan VoIP birimlerinin özellikle ses kayıt gibi I/O ağırlıklı işlemler sırasında o anki iletişim akışında duraklamalar ve bozulmalara neden olması nedeniyle, iletişimin I/O ağırlıklı işlemler düşünülerek yeniden tasarlanması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu yayında iletişimin kayıt altına alınması ve ileride kullanıcıya ayrı bir döküm olarak sunulması üzerine karşılaşılan ölçekleme yetersizliklerinin çözümü üzerine bir model sunulmaktadır. İletişimin gerçekleştiği sunucu üzerinde iletişim ile beraber yapılan ses kaydında karşılaşılan sorunlar nedeniyle ortam ağ geçidi trafiğini yansıtma yöntemi ile başka bir sunucuya alınması ve analiz edilerek ses kaydının hangi kiracıya ve kime ait olduğunun tespit edilip eşleştirilerek kayıt edilmesi, ses formatı dönüşümünün yapılması ve kullanıcı ara yüzünden dinlenebilmesi yayın kapsamında incelenmiştir. Ayrıca birden çok işleyiciye adaptif olarak ölçeklenmesine imkan veren bir mimari sunulmuştur. Sunulan modelin programlanması ve işletilmesi sonucu aynı anda işlenebilen görüşme sayısında 5,33 kata kadar bir iyileştirme elde edilmiş, kayıt işlemlerinde yatay ölçekleme sağlanabilmiştir.
Ritmo abstrato: a música visual no filme absoluto
Authors: Fonseca Vitor Droppa Wadowski
Published: December 2019

A definição mais recorrente de Música Visual desponta do cinema de vanguarda emergente na Alemanha durante a década de 1920 e remete aos Filmes Absolutos produzidos por Walter Ruttman, Hans Richter, Viking Eggeling e Oskar Fischinger. O estudo desenvolvido nesta pesquisa constrói uma análise de suas obras, conceitos e processos artísticos a fim de compreender como as linguagens sonoras e visuais foram articuladas para a criação da Música Visual em seus filmes. A partir do contraponto entre os trabalhos cinematográficos analisados, o artigo apresenta uma perspectiva sobre o conceito de Música Visual no Filme Absoluto que contempla e correlaciona as diferentes concepções fomentadas por seus precursores.
Texto sobre a Arte da Capa
Authors: Jahn Ursula
Published: December 2019

Compreendendo que a arte contemporânea, que se desprendeu da ideia purista de autonomia defendida como paradigma maior por teóricos modernos, procura se manifestar não apenas através do objetivo visual e artístico, mas também por camadas múltiplas de conceitos e uma gama de inquietações que não partem apenas do campo artístico, mas da experiência social, subjetiva e cotidiana, perspectivas feministas vêm se fortalecendo cada vez mais dentro do atual cenário artístico.
Olhar a si, olhar o outro: ação educativa na exposição através da imagem - ano cinco
Authors: Born Patriciane , De Oliveira Adriana Lanzer , Cezar Aline Kauana
Published: December 2019

A quinta edição da exposição Através da Imagem, que ocorreu entre 15 de agosto e  19 de setembro de 2019 na Galeria de Arte Loide Schwambach da FUNDARTE, reuniu três artistas, mulheres, que trabalham com fotografia. Duas delas, Bruna Engel e Ursula Jahn, são artistas locais, e Mariane Rotter, também organizadora do projeto Através da Imagem e curadora da exposição, vive em Porto Alegre e trabalha em Montenegro como professora da Graduação em Artes Visuais - licenciatura da Uergs.  A Rede de Mediadores da Galeria, que neste ano pode ser chamada de Rede de Mediadoras já que é composta somente por mulheres, planejou as mediações e ações educativas durante suas reuniões semanais ou quinzenais e também a partir de uma conversa com as artistas, momento em que aconteceu fértil troca e ampliação de suas poéticas, antes acessadas apenas pelos portfólios. As ações planejadas giraram em torno de palavras como: autoimagem, reflexo, ponto de vista, mulher, feminino, invisibilidade e cotidiano.
Sport expertise development and the constraints-led approach
Authors: Uehara Luiz , Button Chris , Davids Keith
Published: December 2019

Objective: This review article delineates some important theoretical concepts that inform sport expertise acquisition studies. In particular, the principles of ecological psychology and dynamical systems theory have united together to form the ecological dynamics, a framework that provides the perfect platform through which to study the role of socio-cultural constraints upon sport expertise. Methodology: The body of information collected for this article was primarily extracted from peer- reviewed articles and academic books. This review article used Brazilian soccer as the case study. Results and discussion: Whilst the sports expertise literature has been guilty of somewhat polarising the influence of either practice or inherited attributes upon motor learning there are nonetheless many useful lessons to be learnt from this review article. For example, sport expertise development takes place over many years and includes numerous formal and informal pathways that athletes can take to excel.  Conclusion: The constraints-led approach has been promoted as a framework for understanding how people acquire perceptual-motor skills for sport and physical activities. On a practical level, this approach suggests that the major role of the coach or teacher is to manipulate key constraints in order to facilitate discovery of functional movement behavior.
A prática de gestão do esporte na perspectiva do lazer em uma instituição cultural
Authors: Martins Yuri Bitencourt , Bastos Flavia da Cunha , Ferreira Lilian Aparecida
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: Analisar a gestão de um programa de esporte no âmbito do lazer e identificar o(s) perfil(is) de gestor(es) manifestados pelos profissionais de uma instituição cultural de ensino. Métodos: O trabalho se orientou pela pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como base um estudo de caráter descritivo e interpretativo, envolvendo: análise documental, entrevista e observação. Participaram do estudo quatro profissionais da instituição referida. Resultados: Após leitura dos dados identificamos um alinhamento entre a diretriz institucional e as perspectivas dos gestores em defesa de uma valorização do esporte enquanto oportunidade de aprendizagem e construção de novos comportamentos e hábitos no que corresponde à prática esportiva. Conclusão: Foi manifestada a dificuldade, por parte dos profissionais, de conjugar as várias ações de gestão dos distintos programas institucionais. Com relação ao(s) perfil(is) de gestor(es) no âmbito do esporte e lazer houve convergência entre os profissionais, atuantes em diferentes instâncias na instituição, ao defenderem uma perspectiva ampliada que valorizava a autoavaliação, saber ouvir e se valer de conhecimentos teóricos relativos à gestão.
Particularidades dos diferentes tecidos adiposos
Authors: Moura Eliézer Guimarães , Mateus Keryma Chaves da Silva , Batista Patricia Berilli , Bonfante Ivan Luiz Padilha , Godoi Érica Cristina , Santos Mariane Rodrigues dos , Ruberti Olivia Moraes
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: apresentar os possíveis mecanismos fisiológicos envolvidos na regulação metabólica pelo tecido adiposo conforme sua particularidade celular. Métodos: para isso, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura, utilizando a base de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline/PubMed) considerando publicações a partir de 2007. Resultados e Discussão:como resultado da revisão de literatura foram identificados quatro abordagens principais que tratam da influência dos diferentes depósitos de gordura no estado metabólico: 1- Características Fisiológicas dos Adipócitos; 2- Teoria Portal; 3- Hipótese da Expansão do Adipócito; 4- Relação da Expansão do Adipócito com a Inflamação e Fatores Adversos. Conclusão: nesse sentido, as evidências têm apontado que a distribuição da gordura corporal associada as caracteristícas moleculares, função e localização específicas dos diferentes tipos de adipócitos podem ser mais determinantes que a quantidade total de gordura corporal, no que diz respeito ao estabelecimento de um perfil metabólico mais saudável.
Os efeitos da idade e do sexo no nível de ansiedade de nadadores de águas abertas
Authors: Tertuliano Ivan Wallan , Buzeto Fernanda Karen , Oliveira Vivian de , Machado Afonso Antonio , Montiel José Maria
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a ansiedade pré-competitiva em nadadores de águas abertas e analisar se a idade e o sexo alteram os níveis de ansiedade pré-competitiva. Metodologia: Para isso, o estudo contou com a participação voluntária de 129 nadadores com idade entre 14 e 49 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos, todos participantes de competições de águas abertas. Os participantes responderam um questionário. O questionário adotado foi o CSAI-2R (Competitive State Anxiety Inventory – 2r, versão reduzida). Resultados e discussão: Os resultados demonstraram que a autoconfiança apresentou valores elevados para todos os grupos amostrais e que a idade e o sexo não são fatores determinantes para os resultados. Além disso, foi encontrada uma correlação forte entre a subescala somática e a cognitiva, corroborando a teoria Multidimensional da ansiedade, na qual diz que quando a autoconfiança apresenta escores elevados, a ansiedade é baixa. Conclusão: Diante disso, os resultados mostraram que independentemente da idade e do sexo, os nadadores de águas abertas apresentam valores elevados de autoconfiança, o que influencia os escores baixos de ansiedade cognitiva e somática.
A implementação da Terapia Comunitária Integrativa em uma unidade de saúde e seu auxílio no cuidado integral: um relato exitoso
Authors: Forte Morgana Pordeus do Nascimento , Pereira Andréa de Souza Gonçalves
Published: December 2019

Objetivos: Descrever a implementação da Terapia Comunitária Integrativa (TCI) na Unidade Atenção Primária à Saúde (UAPS) Edmar Fujita do município de Fortaleza - Ceará. Métodos: Análise descritiva da TCI como prática de promoção e atenção à saúde mental e integral na Atenção Primária (AP) e revisão da literatura sobre o tema. Resultados: A TCI vem sendo realizada em um turno semanal, cujas facilitadoras foram capacitadas pelo Projeto Quatro Varas. É praticada em ambiente dentro da comunidade e é aberto ao público. Observa-se aumento do vínculo com a equipe promotora, bem como uma facilitação na coordenação do cuidado de maneira integral. É evidente a maior demanda de atendimentos médicos voltados aos participantes, os quais não necessariamente são da área de abrangência da UAPS. Conclusões: A TCI objetiva a promoção e criação de redes de apoio para lidar com demandas psicossociais. É um instrumento pouco oneroso que promove melhorias quanto à coordenação do cuidado, principalmente daqueles pertencentes à área adscrita da UAPS, aumentando assim o poder de resolução da AP. Foi possível observar maior demanda de atendimentos em saúde mental, o que reforça a necessidade da implantação de práticas integrativas como a TCI como ferramenta para um plano terapêutico individual e comunitário.
Ultrasensitive SERS-Based Plasmonic Sensor with Analyte Enrichment System Produced by Direct Laser Writing
Authors: Pavliuk George , Pavlov Dmitrii , Mitsai Eugeny , Vitrik Oleg , Mironenko Aleksandr , Zakharenko Alexander , Kulinich Sergei A. , Juodkazis Saulius , Bratskaya Svetlana , Zhizhchenko Alexey , Kuchmizhak Aleksandr
Published: December 2019

We report an easy-to-implement device for SERS-based detection of various analytes dissolved in water droplets at trace concentrations. The device combines an analyte-enrichment system and SERS-active sensor site, both produced via inexpensive and high-performance direct fs-laser printing. Fabricated on a surface of water-repellent polytetrafluoroethylene substrate as an arrangement of micropillars, the analyte-enrichment system supports evaporating water droplet in the Cassie-Baxter superhydrophobic state, thus ensuring delivery of the dissolved analyte molecules towards the hydrophilic SERS-active site. The efficient pre-concentration of the analyte onto the sensor site based on densely-arranged spiky plasmonic nanotextures results in its subsequent label-free identification by means of SERS spectroscopy. Using the proposed device, we demonstrate reliable SERS-based fingerprinting of various analytes, including common organic dyes and medical drugs at ppb concentrations. The proposed device is believed to find applications in various areas, including label-free environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and forensics.