bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Nomogram for Predicting Risk of Thromboembolism in Gastric Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Yuan Hai-Liang , Zhang Xiang , Li Yan , Guan Qing , Chu Wei-Wei , Yu Hai-Ping , Liu Lian , Zheng Yun-Quan , Lu Jing-Jing
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The aims of this study were to develop and validate a novel nomogram to predict thromboembolism (TE) in gastric cancer (GC) patients receiving chemotherapy and to test its predictive ability.

Methods: This retrospective study included 544 GC patients who received chemotherapy as the initial treatment at two medical centers. Among the 544 GC patients who received chemotherapy, 275 and 137 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2014 to March 2019 were enrolled in the training cohort and the validation cohort, respectively. A total of 132 patients in the Beilun branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from January 2015 to August 2019 were enrolled in external validation cohorts. The nomogram was based on parameters determined by univariate and multivariate logistic analyses. The prediction performance of the nomogram was measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), the calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). The applicability of the nomogram was internally and independently validated.

Results: The predictors included the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG), presence of an active cancer (AC), central venous catheter (CVC), and D-dimer levels. These risk factors are shown on the nomogram and verified. The nomogram demonstrated good discrimination and fine calibration with an AUROC of 0.875 (0.832 in internal validation and 0.807 in independent validation). The DCA revealed that the nomogram had a high clinical application value.

Conclusions: We propose the nomogram for predicting TE in patients with GC receiving chemotherapy, which can help in making timely personalized clinical decisions for different risk populations.
Breast Cancer Resistance to Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 4/6 Inhibitors: Intricacy of the Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Wang Bin , Li Rui , Wu Shuai , Liu Xin , Ren Jianlin , Li Jing , Bi Kaixin , Wang Yanhong , Jia Hongyan
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor in women, with a highest incidence and mortality among all of the female malignant tumors. Notably, targeted therapy has achieved impressive success in the treatment of breast cancer. As one class of the anti-tumor targeted therapeutics, Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 4/6CDK4/6inhibitors have shown good clinical activity in treating breast cancer. Nevertheless, despite the promising clinical outcomes, intrinsic or acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors has limited the benefits of this novel target therapy. In the present review, we provide an overview of the currently known molecular mechanisms of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors, and discuss the potential strategies to overcoming drug resistance improving the outcomes for breast cancer patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors.
Can Microplastic Pollution Change Important Aquatic Bacterial Communities?
Authors: Seeley Meredith Evans , Song Bongkeun , Hale Robert C.
Published: May 2021

Scientists have discovered that microplastics are polluting many environments worldwide, including our oceans and coastlines. Some of these plastics will make their way into a particularly important environment—coastal sediments, or the layer of mud below the water. This sediment is home to diverse bacterial life, which plays a key role in nutrient cycles of the ecosystem. These bacteria are critical for healthy environments, but are also easily affected by environmental pollution. Unfortunately, little is known about how the bacteria respond to microplastic pollution. We studied the effects of different microplastics on bacteria living in marine sediments, as well as the subsequent impacts on nutrient cycling. We found, for the first time, that different microplastics can significantly alter these bacterial communities and the nitrogen cycle, which should be studied further to understand lasting impacts on our natural environments.
Chronicle of an extraordinary space journey (ballistic analysis of Soyuz T-15 flight)
Authors: SOLOVIEV Vladimir A. , MURTAZIN Rafail F. , MELNIKOV Evgeny K.
Published: May 2021

35 years ago, in March 1986, a unique flight of the Soyuz T-15 transport manned vehicle was performed, including in its program the flight of the crew from one orbital station to another (from the Mir station to the Salyut-7 station) and back. In the 60-year history of manned space exploration, such a double flight continues to be the only one of its kind. The article considers the circumstances that developed at the time of the Mir station launch into orbit — the first station of the 3rd generation. The approaches adopted during the development of the ballistics profile and the operational changes required during its implementation are described in detail. In conclusion, the actual fuel consumption of all spacecraft involved in this scheme is presented. It is assumed that the experience gained during the implementation of flights can be used in future promising manned missions, both in near-Earth orbit and in the implementation of the future Lunar program.
Key words: orbital station Salyut, orbital station Mir, manned vehicle, orbital flights, prospective human missions.
ANALISIS KETERKAITAN ANTAR KELOMPOK PENGELUARAN INFLASI MENGGUNAKAN VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE MODEL
Authors: DIKSA I GUSTI BAGUS NGURAH
Published: May 2021

In this study, testing steps were carried out, namely the stationarity test, determining the optimum lag, hypothesis testing and the formation of the VAR model, the Granger causality test and classical assumptions. The data used are month to month inflation data for each inflation expenditure group in Indonesia for the period January 2013 to December 2019. The inflation expenditure group is foodstuffs; processed food, beverages, cigarettes and tobacco; housing, water, electricity, gas and fuel; clothing; health; education, recreation and sports; and transportation, communication, and financial services. However, in this study only five inflation expenditure groups were used, namely foodstuffs; processed food, beverages, cigarettes and tobacco; housing, water, electricity, gas and fuel; clothing; as well as transportation, communication and financial services. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between inflation expenditure groups and to find a forecasting model for inflation expenditure groups in Indonesia. After the Granger causality test was carried out, all probability values between endogenous variables, namely the five groups of inflation expenditures were less than 0,05 or rejected H0. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a causal relationship between endogenous variables.
PERBANDINGAN HASIL PERAMALAN JUMLAH WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA DENGAN METODE BOX-JENKINS DAN EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING
Authors: SARI EMMA NOVITA , SUSANTO BAMBANG , SETIAWAN ADI
Published: May 2021

Forecasting the number of tourist visits is needed by tourism businesses to provide an overview of the number of tourists in the future so that problems that might occur can be overcome properly. This study aims to compare the results of forecasting the number of foreign tourists using the Box-Jenkins and Exponential Smoothing methods. There are two data used, namely data on the number of foreign visitors visiting Indonesia from January 2008 to December 2017 (Data I) and Bali according to the entrance of Ngurah Rai Airport from January 2009 to March 2020 (Data II). The best forecast results are obtained by comparing the Root of Mean Square Error (RMSE) values. The comparison of forecasting results in Data I shows that the Holt-Winters Exponential Smoothing method is more appropriate to predict the number of foreign tourists visiting Indonesia because it has a smaller RMSE value. While, the results of forecasting periods 2 and 3 in Data II show results that are far different from the original data. After tracking, it turns out this is caused by an unexpected factor, the Covid-19 pandemic which caused the number of tourists to drop significantly during this period.
Auswirkungen eines Verbots von Inlandsflügen auf Verkehrsleistung, Modal Split und Treibhausgasemissionen des deutschen Personenfernverkehrs
Authors: Burgdorf Christian , Eisenkopf Alexander
Published: May 2021

Ein möglicher Ansatzpunkt zur Reduzierung der Treibhausgasemissionen des Verkehrs besteht im Verbot bzw. Wegfall des Inlandsluftverkehrs in Deutschland. In diesem Papier wird der Einfluss einer solchen Maßnahme auf die Verkehrsleistung, den Modal Split und die Treibhausgasemissionen im innerdeutschen Personenfernverkehr untersucht. Dazu wird ein systemdynamisches Simulationsmodell verwendet, mit dem sich künftige Entwicklungen auf dem Personenfernverkehrsmarkt abschätzen lassen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein Verbot von Inlandsflügen allein kontraproduktiv im Hinblick auf die verkehrs- und klimapolitischen Ziele wirkt.
Chemical composition of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray (Asteraceae) and diversity of uses in rural areas
Authors: Román-Miranda María Leonor , Mora-Santacruz Antonio , Avendaño-López Adriana Natividad , Sánchez-Martínez José
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of Tithonia diversifolia, a shrub species in the Asteraceae family and the diversity of uses in rural areas. A bibligraphic review was conducted in Mexico and other countries in Central America, South America, Africa and Asia. Bromatological analyses of edible material (leaves and petiole) were performed to determine dry matter (DM), fat, ash, crude fiber, crude protein (CP), and nitrogen-free-extract (NFE). Fiber fractions were determined: neutral deterget fiber (FDN), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, from two locations in Jalisco state and one from Colima. Herbarium specimens were reviewed for knowing geographical distribution and rural uses. Results indicate that even without being legume, CP percentages are high with values of 18.42 to 31.54% with high dry matter content up to 98.92%, fiber values (30.81 to 34.08%) for NDF and (22.48 to 31.69%) for ADF. The bibliographic review highlights its forgae use, for ruminants and monogastrics, in beekeeping for its content of néctar and pollen, sucha as medicinal, ornamental and green manure for its contribution of nutritious, mainly phosphorus. T. diversifolia is a good option for its nutritional value and diversity of uses are demonstrated as an alternative in semi-intensive animal production systems in both tropical and temperate áreas.
Safflower seed (Carthamus tinctorius L.) invigoration by pre-hydration
Authors: Quintana-Camargo Martín , Pichardo-González Juan Manuel , Avendaño-López Adriana Natividad , Román-Miranda Maria Leonor
Published: May 2021

For seed storage, a low moisture content index is recommended, while in sowing, a rapid and homogeneous hydrolysis is important to reactivate its metabolism during germination and seedling development. The goal of the study was to establish the effect of pre-conditioning treatments on safflower seed, through the germination and emergence of seedlings. The pre-imbibition treatments were: distilled water, gibberellic acid and a biostimulant based on humic and fulvic acids, in periods of 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours. The seed was produced in spring-summer 2019 and 2020. The results indicate that imbibition of seeds in water by a period of 4 hours was the most effective treatment, showing the highest germination percentages, in addition to presenting a faster and more uniform emergence of seedlings. The pre-conditioning with Gibberellic acid even reduced the germination values and the biostimulant generated homogeneity in the emergence of seedlings
Construcción de un sensor electroquímico para determinación de gases contaminantes en el aire (CO, CO2 y O3), empleado una tarjeta Arduino
Authors: Lozano-Camargo Maria Luisa , Rodríguez-Gómez Christian Hugo , Galicia-Luis Laura , Talavera-Romero Fernando
Published: May 2021

As humanity evolves, air pollution has increased due to the various anthropogenic activities that man carries out, alienating emissions of gases and polluting particles to the environment, seriously affecting the health of living beings and the planet, since these cause Irreversible physical and chemical alterations in the environment, becoming a major problem worldwide. In Mexico there are meteorological stations that measure air quality and they are only found at fixed points, however, they do not cover all areas of the State of Mexico, the deterioration of air quality brings with it an increase in respiratory and cardiovascular diseases ; That is why this project's main objective is to build a portable electrochemical sensor using an Arduino board, using customizable software capable of quantifying and analyzing three polluting gases CO, CO2 and O3, especially in the municipality of Chimalhuacán located in the area East of the State of México.
Sistema de Aseguramiento de Calidad (SAC), basado en la metodología Six Sigma para reducir la variabilidad de tono en los procesos de inyección-soplo de plástico
Authors: Soto-Leyva Yasmin , Carmona-Velázquez / Araceli , Liévano-Moreno Claudia Patricia , Ahuacatitla-Pérez José Miguel
Published: May 2021

This application develops a Quality Assurance System (SAC), designed in accordance with the requirements of the injection-blow production process corresponding to the plastics industry, which contributes 2.6% of the national GDP. The objective raises the quantitative improvement of the Sigma level of the analyzed company, seeking a reduction of 20% in the costs generated by the problem called "tone variation", originated in the plastic injection-blow production line, based on the methodology Six Sigma (DMAIC). The methodology consists of five phases, which allow the achievement of the proposed objective: Phase 1. Define the problem, Phase 2. Data collection and analysis, Phase 3. Analysis of the causes and critical factors of the problem, Phase 4. Proposal for improvement of the implementation of tools to solve the problem, Phase 5. Control: design of a measurement system to ensure the stability of product quality. With the implementation of the tools derived from the analysis and the results obtained in each phase, a level of 3.7 σ is obtained, increasing by 0.3 σ, with respect to the initial Sigma level of 3.4, translated into an annual economic saving of $ 141,120.00.
The Study of Persistence of S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus in a Children’s Hospital
Authors: Belyaeva EV , Ermolina GB , Boriskina EV , Shkurkina IS , Kropotov VS
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Staphylococcal infections rank high among healthcare-associated infections. Coagulase-negative staphylococci, especially S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus, often induce inflammatory processes in newborns. In this regard, it is important to study the persistence of these microorganisms in pediatric hospitals using intraspecific differentiation based on the comparison of spectra of their extracellular proteins. Our objective was to study circulation of S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus strains in a children’s hospital by electrophoretyping of their extracellular proteins. Materials and methods: We studied 277 strains of S. haemolyticus and 267 strains of S. epidermidis isolated from patients and various objects of the hospital environment by obtaining extracellular proteins of the isolates, analyzing them using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and determining their antibiotic resistance and ability to form biofilms. Results: The analysis of electrophoregrams of extracellular proteins of staphylococci revealed groups of identical strains. Isolates from different patients were combined into 21 S. haemolyticus groups comprising of 69 strains and 13 groups of S. epidermidis comprising of 38 strains. All the cultures were methicillin-resistant, with the exception of one group of two S. haemolyticus strains. More than half of the cultures grouped by spectra of extracellular proteins were multidrug resistant. The absolute majority of S. haemolyticus strains (97.2 %) and three quarters of S. epidermidis strains (76.0 %) were able to form biofilms. The average values of the degree of film formation in S. haemolyticus strains were significantly higher than those in S. epidermidis. Conclusions: Of all the studied cultures of staphylococci, 25 % of strains and 14 % of S. epidermidis strains persisted and were endemic in the children’s hospital, including 88.4 % of hemolytic and 42.1 % of epidermal staphylococcus strains for more than a month, and 21.7 % of S. haemolyticus and 21.1 % of S. epidermidis strains for almost a year. The strains were resistant to methicillin, and the isolates of S. haemolyticus had a high ability to form biofilms.
Molecular Epidemiological Monitoring of Circulation of Coxsackievirus A10
Authors: Golitsyna LN , Zverev VV , Ponomareva NV , Romanenkova NI , Nguyen Thao Thanh Thi , Kanaeva OI , Selivanova SG , Leonov AV , Rozaeva NR , Kashnikov AYu , Bichurina MA , Novikova NA
Published: May 2021

Background: Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) is currently one of the most common etiological agents of enterovirus infection (EVI). Over the past decade, severe and fatal cases of CV-A10 infection have become more frequent while clinical manifestations of the disease are similar to those of Enterovirus A71 infection. The objective of our study was to characterize circulation of Coxsackievirus A10 in the Russian Federation in 2008–2019 and to study the phylogenetic relationships of strains isolated in Russia and Vietnam. Materials and methods: In 2008–2019, 220 CV-A10 strains were isolated from patients with various clinical manifestations of EVI and from sewage water samples taken in the Russian Federation and then studied using molecular genetic methods. In addition to that, we analyzed 26 CV-A10 strains isolated from patients with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and acute flaccid paralysis in South Vietnam in 2018–2019. Results: We established a two-year periodicity of CV-A10 active circulation in Russia. In the structure of clinical forms of CV-A10 infection, herpetic angina prevailed (30.8 %), followed by minor illness (25.25 %), respiratory diseases (15.66 %), exanthema (14.65 %), gastrointestinal disorders (8.08 %), and asymptomatic infections (2.02 %). Symptoms of CNS damage (meningitis, meningoencephalitis) were observed in 3.53 % of cases. Most CV-A10 strains from Vietnam were isolated from patients with CNS affection of varying degrees of severity. During the study period, CV-A10 strains of genotypes C, E, and F3 circulated in the territory of the Russian Federation whereas the strains from South Vietnam were represented by genotypes F3 and F1. The studied strains showed a genetic relationship with those of CV-A10 circulating in different countries. Vietnamese and some Russian strains of the F3 genotype were genetically close to the strains isolated from severe cases. Conclusions: Molecular monitoring of CV-A10 circulation is an important component of the global epidemiological surveillance of EVI.
Analysis of the Competence in Prevention of the Spread of HIV Infection among High School Students of the Nizhny Novgorod Region
Authors: Kuzovatova EE , Zaitseva NN
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Solution of the problem of prevention of the spread of HIV infection among adolescents and young adults is associated, inter alia, with systemic implementation of primary prevention strategies in educational establishments aimed at developing the necessary level of expertise in health risk management in students. The objective of our study was to determine the level of competence of adolescents in the field of HIV spread prevention Materials and methods: The technique of an online survey was used to establish the competence of high school students aged 15–17 living in the Nizhny Novgorod Region and to compare its level between boys and girls. Results: The level of competence was determined by four basic scales (emotional, cognitive, practical, and the scale of actions) and the additional scale of erudition. The level of general competence of the respondents was found to be high. Girls had significantly higher scores by all scales (p < 0.001) compared to boys. The erudition component was most prominent in both subgroups. The emotional component (empathy) was more important for girls. We noted differences in the significance of individual aspects of the assessed competence. Of the four priority strategies of HIV epidemic spread prevention, the respondents chose health care management and effective interaction of responsible structures as key factors in disease spread stop (р < 0.001). Conclusion: Promoting competence in HIV spread prevention among students for their effective social interaction in HIV related issues is an important outcome of preventive activities at schools. The content and forms of their implementation should facilitate students’ ability and readiness to self-protection, self-improvement, and mastering skills of predictive behaviour. Evaluating the level of competence and intensity of its components, setting priorities in choosing areas of applying efforts to reduce the risk of HIV epidemic growth can make prevention efforts more targeted.
Effects of CYP2C19 Polymorphism on Metabolism and Effectiveness of Proton
Pump Inhibitors: A Review of Clinical and Laboratory Studies
Authors: Neumoina MV , Shmakova TV , Perfilova KM , Neumoina NV , Shutova IV , Denisenko TL , Troshina TA
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Establishing the reasons for the decrease in the effectiveness of anti-Helicobacter pylori therapy and proton pump inhibitors in the treatment of acid-dependent diseases is an urgent task due to high prevalence of these disorders undermining population health. Our objective was to conduct a literature review to assess the influence of the genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 on the eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori and the metabolism of proton pump inhibitors, to evaluate the effectiveness of their use, and to determine possible ways of overcoming refractoriness to these drugs in the clinic. Materials and methods: We analyzed published studies found in domestic (eLibrary, CyberLeninka.ru) and international (PubMed, Cochrane Library) databases. Results: We revealed a genetic polymorphism CYP2C19 of cytochrome P-450, according to which different types of drug metabolism were identified: fast, intermediate, slow, and ultrafast. The relationship of this polymorphism with biotransformation of proton pump inhibitors was then analyzed. In Russia, the predominance of fast and intermediate metabolism in individuals of the Caucasian race decreases the efficacy of acid-suppressive therapy and the Helicobacter pylori eradication rate. Correction of the daily dose and frequency of drug administration are necessary to increase the antisecretory effect of proton pump inhibitors. Discussion: The dependence of proton pump inhibitor biotransformation on the CYP2C19 polymorphism determines the differences between patients with different types of metabolism in the effectiveness of these drugs, the success of anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment, and clinical outcomes. Pharmacogenetic testing is useful for predicting the response to proton pump inhibitors, the likelihood of developing adverse events, and the possibility of personalized prescriptions in patients with acid-related diseases. Conclusion: Genetic testing of cytochrome CYP2C19 helps optimize the use of proton pump inhibitors, overcome refractoriness, and improve the quality of treatment of acid-dependent diseases and the overall Helicobacter pylori eradication rate.
Features of the Current Epidemic Process of Infectious Mononucleosis
in the Nizhny Novgorod Region
Authors: Popkova MI , Utkin OV
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Today, we are witnessing the process of forming a fundamentally new epidemiological situation on infectious mononucleosis. Over the past decade, a general increase in the incidence of infectious mononucleosis, its proportion in the structure of respiratory tract infections, and economic importance was noted in Russia. Information about the epidemic process of infectious mononucleosis in different areas is limited. Our objective was to study the features of the epidemic process of infectious mononucleosis in the Nizhny Novgorod Region in 2010–2019. Methods: We conducted a retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of infectious mononucleosis in the Nizhny Novgorod Region for 2010–2019 based on official statistics using standard statistical approaches. Results and discussion: The long-term incidence rate of infectious mononucleosis in the Nizhny Novgorod Region was stable (+0.6 %) with the long-term average rate of 12.6 ± 0.6 ‰оо. An autumn-winter-spring seasonality with two distinct peaks (in November–December and May) was revealed. The majority of cases were children aged 0–14 years (72.8 ± 2.2 %). The highest incidence rates were regis�tered in the age groups of 1–2 and 3-6 years. We established a reverse trend in the disease incidence among children aged 0–6 (decrease) and 7 years and older (increase). Adolescents aged 15–17 demonstrated the most pronounced growth rate (+7.5 %). The typical annual dynamics in adults was distinguished by a clear spring-summer seasonality, the absence of a characteristic growth in the autumn months, and a low rate in December. The identified features of the epidemic process in different age groups require clarification and detailing. Conclusions: We established recent patterns and features of the epidemic process of infectious mononucleosis in the Nizhny Novgorod Region. This work is an important component of epidemiological surveillance of infection and a scientific basis for improving the existing system of preventive and anti-epidemic measures.
Methods of Studying Human Dendritic Cells Applicable to Assessing Vaccine Efficacy
Authors: Talayev VYu , Svetlova MV , Zaichenko IY , Babaykina ON , Voronina EV
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Vaccines are one of the most effective means of preventing infectious diseases. Their effectiveness and safety are guaranteed by studies of vaccine properties, during their development and during the mandatory preclinical and clinical trials of each new vaccine. Additional information on the mechanisms of vaccine action on human immune system cells can be obtained using in vitro immune response models. The objective of the study was to determine applicability of certain methods of studying human dendritic cells in vitro to assessing the effect of vaccines. Dendritic cells are the most active antigen presenting cells, which play a key role in triggering a primary immune response to an infection or vaccine. Materials and methods: We studied the effect of vaccines on the maturation of dendritic cells, their phagocytic activity and the ability to stimulate T-lymphocytes in vitro. Results: To test the methods, we used vaccines with a known pattern of action on the immune system. All the vaccines induced the expression of dendritic cell maturation markers. At the same time, different vaccines induced a different set of markers and the degree of expression of these molecules. Quantitative methods for assessing phagocytosis and stimulating activity of dendritic cells are described. Conclusion: Methods for evaluation of phagocytosis, phenotypic maturation and functional properties of dendritic cells have been shown to be useful for evaluation of vaccine action. In our opinion, these methods, as a complement to traditional methods for evaluating the immune response, can be used to investigate the action of prototype vaccines at the stage of their development and preclinical trials.
A New Sharia Governance Framework for Islamic Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Meutia Inten , Adam Mohamad
Published: May 2021

This research proposes a new framework of sharia governance for Islamic Banks in Indonesia. The research adopted an analytical approach to compare sharia governance concepts based on Accounting, Audit Organizations for Islamic Financial Institutions and Islamic Financial Services Board and PBI no 11/33/2009. The author proposed a more comprehensive conceptual framework based on Accounting, Audit Organizations for Islamic Financial Institutions, Islamic Financial Services Board, and BI guidelines. The contribution of this research was to provide a more comprehensive governance framework for financial institutions in Indonesia. This framework was expected to improve the practice of governance of Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia. Based on researchers' best knowledge, there were no studies that had tried to compare these guidelines. Therefore, it was necessary to compare them to find out if there are variations between the suggestions provided by the guidelines.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF OVARIAN TUMOURS IN REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP WOMEN OBSERVED AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Vulava Sivakumar , Ganesh Basina P.R.D. , Anjanapriyanka Aluri , Arunajyothi Uram.
Published: May 2021

Aim and objectives: Ovarian tumours present with a wide variation in clinical presentation and morphological features. Ovaries apart from being
a common sites of primary tumors, they are frequent sites for metastasis from organs like stomach, colon and breast. The present work has been
undertaken to study the common morphologic and histological types of ovarian tumours in reproductive age group women. Materials and
methods: A prospective study s study is conducted for a period of 3 years (August 2010 to September 2013). 100 cases of ovarian tumors in
reproductive age women were selected for the present study. Age between 15 and 49 was taken as reproductive age. 100 cases of ovarian tumours in
reproductive age women were selected for the present study. Age between 15 and 49 was taken as reproductive age. Out of the 100 cases 99 Results:
were primary ovarian tumours, 1 was secondary / metastatic tumour. Out if the 99 primary tumours 94 were benign, 1 was borderline tumour and 4
were malignant tumours. Most tumours occurred in age between 30-40 years. Of the 99 primary tumours 85(90.4%) were surface epithelial
tumours, 10 (10.6%) were germ cell tumours and 4 (4.2%) were sex-cord stromal tumours. 1 metastatic tumour, were noted. Benign ovarian
tumours are more common than malignant tumours. Conclusion: Surface epithelial tumours are the most common type of all ovarian tumours.
Surface epithelial tumours are the most common benign and malignant tumours in reproductive age group. The incidence, clinical presentation of
the different types of ovarian tumours is extremely variable. Histopathology is still the gold standard in diagnosing most of ovarian tumours.
Studying the macroscopic and microscopic features of different ovarian tumours will enable proper categorization into denite morphologic type.
PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF MEYNA SPINOSA ROXB. EX LINK.
Authors: Yadav Pashupati , Sheel Rimjhim , Kumar Baidyanath
Published: May 2021

Background: Meyna spinosa of family Rubiaceae is a spinous, armed small tree or large shrub. It is a signicant ethnomedicinal plant widely
distributed in India, Bangladesh, China, and Myanmar. The plant parts of Meyna spinosa has been consumed as traditional or folk medicine to treat
different health-related problems such as diabetes, diphtheria, stomach pain, headache, liver problem, indigestion, throbbing urination, and skin
problems such as pimples and acne problems. Aim: To study the phytochemical prole of stem and leaves of M. spinosa Objectives: To study the
presence or absence of phytochemicals in polar and non polar solvents. Method: The different phytochemicals of Meyna spinosa in their stem and
leaves have been analysed qualitatively and quantitatively in three non-polar solvents viz., chloroform, petroleum ether and hexane and three polar
viz., ethanol, methanol and distilled water in terms of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Saponins, Phenols, Steroids, Tannins and terpenoids,
diterpinoids etc. Results: The solvent extracts of stem and leaves of M. spinosa showed the presence of alkaloids, avonoids, phenolics, saponins,
tannins, carbohydrates, glycosides, steroids, phlobatannin, terpenoids, diterpenoid, anthraquinones, carotenoids, anthocyanin, coumarin, fatty
acids, proteins, amino acids, emodins and phytosterol. The stem and leaves of Meyna spinosa contain a signicant amount of phytochemicals viz.
alkaloid, avonoids, phenolic, saponins and tannin. However, stem contained relatively higher amounts of phytochemicals than leaves.
Conclusions:The present study contributes valuable information of bioactive compounds in stem and leaves of Meyna spinosa. Methanol, ethanol
and aqueous extracts of stem and leaves had all the phytochemicals like avonoids, glycosides, saponins, phenols, steroids, tannins and terpenoids.
COMPARISON OF VARIOUS PARAMETERS AFTER INDUCTION OF SPINAL ANAESTHESIA FOR CAESAREAN SECTION IN SITTING AND LATERAL POSITION
Authors: Kumar Krishna , Choudhary Chandeshwar , Jana Debarshi
Published: May 2021

Background: Hypotension is one of the common complications in patients undergoing surgeries under spinal anesthesia. This phenomenon is
comparatively more in pregnant women undergoing caesarean section under spinal anesthesia due to anatomical variations in the spinal cord and
physiological changes in pregnant women. Maternal position may inuence the spread of the local anaesthetic drug. So, in this study we have
aimed to compare incidence of hypotension and various other parameters like onset of sensory and motor blockade, total number of
mephentermine incremental doses (5mg/dose) required in each group to correct hypotension after induction of spinal anesthesia in sitting and
lateral position for caesarean sections.
Methods: Seventy American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II patients undergoing elective caesarean section were randomnly
divided into two groups by closed envelope technique to receive spinal anaesthesia in the lateral position (Group L) or the sitting position (Group
S). In Lumbar (L3interspace, lumbar puncture was done after taking aseptic precautions, plain bupivacaine 0.5% heavy 10 or 12 mg according to
the height was injected after conrming free ow of cerebro spinal uid. After this, they were placed in the supine position immediately with right
wedge providing for left lateral uterine displacement to avoid supine hypotension syndrome. Maternal blood pressure was measured every minute
for 5 minutes, every two min for 10 min and 5 minutely thereafter. Hypotension was dened as a fall in systolic blood pressure >20% of the baseline
value or a value <90 mmHg.
Results: Statistical studies showed that number of patients who received spinal anesthesia in lateral position had signicantly more incidences of
hypotension (19 incidences) compared to those who received in sitting position ( 10 incidences) with P value being (P= 0.048). And also there was
faster onset (average time) of action (sensory and motor) in Group L(5 minutes for sensory and 6.2 minutes for motor) than compared to Group S (7
minutes for sensory and 7.4 minutes for motor) but not statistically signicant ( P= 0.361 for sensory and 0.639 for motor). We also observed that,
total number of incremental doses (5mg/dose) of mephentermine used were more in patients who received spinal anaesthesia in lateral position (n=
10 increments) than compared to those who received in sitting position( n=5 increments) but it was not statistically signicant (P=0.145).
Conclusion: Spinal anesthesia given in lateral position of the patients for caesarean section causes signicantly more incidences of hypotension
than that given in sitting position. And there were no signicant differences with respect to onset of sensory and motor block and mephentermine
requirement between the groups.
A CASE OF SOLITARY NEUROFIBROMA OVER THE PALM
Authors: Rupak V.S.Harsha , Renuka Sane Roja , sukanya G. , Kumar N.Ashok
Published: May 2021

Neurobromas are benign tumours, that are slow growing over the nerve sheaths composed of schwann cells , perineural cells and broblasts.
Nuerobromas are common neurogenic tumors of the skin. A neurobroma can be diagnosed by clinical and histologic examinations.
Robotic distal subtotal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy for advanced gastric cancer: a case report and technical description
Authors: Francesco Giovanardi
Published: May 2021

Robotic systems have revolutionized the way we perform minimally invasive surgery and has facilitated the evolution of traditional laparoscopic gastric surgery. Surgeons have several advantages that can overcome some of the well-known limits of laparoscopy: three-dimensional vision, articulated instruments, the absence of tremors. These can give greater dexterity and precision in dissection and suturing movements that are key elements when performing complex and gentle reconstruction to restore digestive continuity. The present case shows the technical details and tips and tricks of a robotic surgical approach for a subtotal gastrectomy.
Massive choleperitoneum three months after mini-gastric bypass for morbid obesity: what every emergency surgeon should be prepared to face. A case report.
Authors: Giacomo Piatto  , Alberto Sartori  , Maurizio De Luca
Published: May 2021

Background: Surgery for morbid obesity has spread worldwide, to the point that more than half a million people are operated on each year. As a result, significant numbers of people are living with a new anatomical condition. A mini-gastric bypass is a relatively new bariatric procedure that has gained popularity because of its simplicity and efficacy. Leak rate after this procedure is relatively low (on the order of 1.6%), but marginal ulcer of gastrojejunal anastomosis, if undetected, may lead to leak development. No cases of delayed massive choleperitoneum caused by an almost complete disruption of gastrojejunal anastomosis after mini-gastric bypass have yet been described. Case presentation: We describe here the case of a 51-year-old woman who presented at the emergency department three months after a mini-gastric bypass with acute abdomen caused by massive choleperitoneum due to an almost complete disruption of gastrojejunal anastomosis. The patient underwent an emergency conversion to a Roux-en-Y laparoscopic gastric bypass with associated re-gastrectomy. The postoperative period was characterized by fever due to an infected left pleural effusion, which required treatment with chest tube placement. The patient was discharged three weeks after the operation, in good condition. Six-month follow-up was regular. Conclusions: If suspected, the possibility of marginal ulcer should be investigated as soon as possible. When possible, every obese patient who has complications should be referred to a bariatric surgery department, but each emergency surgeon must be aware of these conditions to be able to treat them optimally.
The use of indocyanine green in bariatric surgery: A systematic review
Authors: Francesco Maria Carrano  , Nicola Di Lorenzo
Published: May 2021

Fluorescence-guided surgery is a recently developed technique in minimally invasive surgery in which a fluorescent dye is used to complement the surgeon’s judgment in making real-time intraoperative assessment of organ vascularization and proper tissue perfusion. This technique has been adopted in several different surgical subspecialties with positive results, particularly in hepatobiliary and colorectal surgery. More recently, it has also been applied in bariatric surgery, with the aim of reducing the incidence of leaks. This paper reviews the relevant literature on the topic.
Gastric carcinosarcoma with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: a case report and literature review
Authors: Hsing-Yu Shih  , Che-Pin Lin  , Feng-Chuan Tai
Published: May 2021

Gastric carcinosarcoma with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation is a rare tumor. Herein, we report the case of a 34-year-old man with a history of dysphagia, upper abdominal fullness, and poor appetite. Endoscopic findings showed a large friable mass that originated from the gastric cardia and lesser curvature of the high body. Consequently, radical total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy was performed. Histopathological analysis of the resected specimen revealed that the mass had invaded the serosa without regional lymph node metastasis; moreover, the tumor was positive for desmin and myogenin. Finally, we conclude this report with literature review and discussion.
Prácticas discursivas del saber pedagógico y la gestión curricular
Authors: Quiñones Idárraga Juan Esteban
Published: May 2021

Al abordar la pedagogía como saber fundante, se genera un espacio de configuración para la comprensión de cómo la pedagogía y el currículo habitan un mismo discurso en la voz del maestro desde las prácticas pedagógicas. Es prudente advertir que en el presente documento se hará una línea de relato que posibilita comprender los lugares de enunciación y puntos de partida para la comprensión del saber pedagógico y la gestión curricular, para luego pasar a las interacciones que se gestan en el aula desde los procesos de aprendizaje, para llegar finalmente a cómo la deliberación de conocimiento se convierte en este espacio de encuentro del saber pedagógico y la gestión curricular.

Hay en el fondo, una intención de plasmar la necesidad de reconocer la narrativa del maestro, su historia, la historicidad de la pedagogía y la concepción del aprendizaje como palabras que habitan el lenguaje de la educación, y que se materializan desde la interacción del saber pedagógico y la gestión curricular.
RESEARCH OF THE EMG-SIGNAL USING THE FRACTAL DIMENSION METHOD
Authors: Demidchenko Egor , Pudalov Aleksey
Published: May 2021

the article deals with the study of EMG signals and their characteristics using the

method of fractal dimensions for the task of constructing a database of features that allows you to recognize the movement of the fingers of the human hand.
MODELING OF ERRORS IN THE MEASUREMENT CHANNELS OF THE AUTOMATED PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM IN THE LABVIEW ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Il'ina Irina , Sutem'eva Yana
Published: May 2021

Questions of estimation of errors of measuring channels of automated process control systems are investigated. A method for studying measurement channel errors based on their mathematical modeling in the visual programming environment LabVIEW is proposed
MODERNIZATION OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM OF THE REACTOR-REGENERATOR UNIT OF THE GK-3 UNIT
Authors: Il'ina Irina , Polevik Maksim
Published: May 2021

The possibility of optimizing the technological regime of the reactor-regenerator unit

of the GC-3 installation by developing an automatic system for loading fresh catalyst and afterburning

promoter is considered
CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF TRAINING TOOLS USING REMOTE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Kuz'menko Natal'ya , Krapchetova Ol'ga , Petrov Vyacheslav
Published: May 2021

The criteria for choosing the means of organizing training in educational institutions

of higher education with the use of distance learning technologies are considered
ARCHITECTURE OF THE INFORMATION SERVICE SCHEDULE OF TRAINING SESSIONS IN THE UNIVERSITY PORTAL
Authors: Kulakova Irina , Musev Danil
Published: May 2021

This article discusses a possible version of the architecture of the information service schedule of training sessions in the portal of the university. It describes the existing approach and

offers opportunities to improve the quality of the schedule service on the website
METROPOLITAN AS A PERSPECTIVE TYPE OF TRANSPORT
Authors: Belyakov Denis , Chernyh Egor , Shtockaya Anastasiya
Published: May 2021

The article considers the metro as a type of promising passenger transport, analyz es its main advantages and disadvantages.
THE NEED TO CREATE A UNIFIED ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR THE EASTERN LANDFILL
Authors: Gozbenko Valeriy , Belogolov Yuriy , Bongosuren Tuvshintur
Published: May 2021

The article presents the technical justification of the measure aimed at increasing

the capacity of the railway line section by strengthening the devices of the power supply system.
LIABILITY FOR VIOLATION OF THE PROCEDURE FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF INTERNATIONAL ROAD TRANSPORT
Authors: Kolganov Sergey , Kir'yakova Alena
Published: May 2021

An analysis was made of international legislation concerning liability for violations of

international road transport of passengers and goods. It has been shown that international transport

conventions and agreements do not strictly spell out the cases in which the responsibility of the parties

arises.
BUILDING AN INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM ON THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA AS A METHOD TO INCREASE THE EXCHANGE RATE OF REGIONAL LOGISTICS PROCESSES
Authors: Kripak Marina , Kiyashko Larisa
Published: May 2021

The well-known approaches to the process of building an intelligent transport sys tem are considered. The problems of digitalization of the economy are posed. The theory of economic

zoning is proposed as a basis for the design of an intelligent transport system on the Crimean penin sula. To solve the problem, the methods of collecting information, analyzing documentation, generaliz ing, grouping, Voronoi diagram were used.
MODEL OF THE COST OF HEAT PUMPS TYPE «WATER-TO-WATER»
Authors: Kuz'min Sergey , Krapchetov Pavel
Published: May 2021

A mathematical model for estimating the cost of heat pumps type «water-to-water»

is presented.
ANALYSIS OF DEMAND MODELS IN FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION WITHIN DIFFERENT APPROACHES
Authors: Lebedeva Ol'ga
Published: May 2021

Existing models of demand for freight transportation are considered within the

framework of various approaches. Their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted
EVALUATION OF CORRESNDENCE MATRICES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT TRANSPORT FLOW RESTRICTIONS
Authors: Lebedeva Ol'ga
Published: May 2021

Travel demand forecasting models are a key analysis tool used in transport network

planning and infrastructure development. Relevant research within this topic is aimed at reducing the

time and minimizing costs associated with the development of a forecasting model for travel demand,

which is used for forecasting and planning. The study evaluates the possibility of recovering an exact

correspondence matrix based on an overloaded network, which considers the conditions relative to

the base / initial matrix, traffic flow and their impact on the quality of the generated matrix
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMUM TIME OF REPLACEMENT OF THE VEHICLE
Authors: Poltavskaya Yuliya
Published: May 2021

A method for determining the optimal period of vehicle replacement based on the

economic analysis of the life cycle is considered
ON THE QUESTION OF ORGANIZATION SUSTAINABLE RAILWAY TRAFFIC
Authors: Upyr' Roman , Domozhirova Alena
Published: May 2021

An approach to determining the stable movement of trains in conditions of uneven

carriage flow is considered. The approach is based on the idea of train movement as a cyclical pro cess that allows you to formalize the classical graphical representation of trains on the graph, and on

the transition from a static model to a controlled dynamic system
FEATURES OF CALCULATION OF VIBRATIONS OF A PINCHED ROUND PLATE
Authors: Cherepanov Anatoliy
Published: May 2021

A method for calculating the vibrations of a circular steel plate, clamped around the

circumference and loaded with a short-term load, with the determination of the frequency of the fun damental tone (the lowest type of vibration), is considered. For practical calculations, the influence of

the mass of the plate itself, as well as the mass of air or liquid, on the frequency of natural oscillations

is taken into account.
FEATURES OF CALCULATING THE DEFLECTION OF ROUND PLATES
Authors: Cherepanov Anatoliy
Published: May 2021

A method for calculating the deflection of a round flat steel plate bearing an ax isymmetric load is considered. For practical calculations, dimensionless coefficients of deflection in the

center of the plate, deflection at a certain distance from the center of the plate, the stress coefficient

and the accompanying function, which depends on the deflection of the plate and the pressure force

on it, are used.