bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential diagnosis of acute pneumonia with acute abscess and gangrene of the lung using angiopulmonography with a nitroglycerin test
Authors: Petukhov U. I. , Yermashkevich S. M. , Dziarkach U. I. , Kuncevicz M. U. , Kutsko A. P.
Published: September 2024

Objective. To present the possibilities of angiopulmonography with a nitroglycerin test in the differential diagnosis of acute pneumonia with acute abscess and gangrene of the lung.

Material and methods. А pulmonary angiogram with a nitroglycerin test was performed in 51 patients with suppurative inflammations of the lungs and pleura in cases where it was difficult to interpret computed tomography data.

Results. Acute gangrenous lung abscess was diagnosed in 27 (53%) patients (absence of the parenchymal phase of contrast, including after administration of nitrospray, of which in 4 cases it was due to thrombosis of the segmental branches of the pulmonary artery). In 14 (27%) cases there was lung gangrene (absence of the parenchymal phase of contrast, including after administration of nitrospray, of which 5 were associated with thrombosis of the segmental branches of the pulmonary artery). With preserved main blood flow along all branches of the pulmonary artery and a pronounced parenchymal phase or its restoration after a nitroglycerin test, a conclusion was made about the functional nature and reversibility of the identified microcirculation disorders, the absence of necrotic changes in the pulmonary parenchyma and the presence of acute pneumonia in the patient - 4 (8%) cases. In case of deformation of the pulmonary artery branches with preservation of blood flow through them and the parenchymal phase, a conclusion was made about compression of the pulmonary parenchyma by pleural effusion, on the basis of which pleural empyema was suspected in 6 (12%) patients.

Conclusion. The developed method for the differential diagnosis of acute pneumonia with acute abscess and gangrene of the lung by means of angiopulmonography with a nitroglycerin test makes it possible to supplement and improve the early and differential diagnosis of purulent-inflammatory diseases of the lungs in difficult clinical situations. Nitroglycerin preparations improve microcirculation in the inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma.
Surgical treatment of nonspecific arteritis with tandem lision of both common carotid arteries using allograft
Authors: Kaplan M. L. , Mordovkin E. B. , Thekepadical V. S. , Turomsha U. I.
Published: September 2024

The article presents a rare clinical case of non-specific arteritis involving the vessels of the brachiocephalic arteries system, the clinical course of which was characterized by manifestations of chronic cerebral insufficiency without signs of focal neurological deficit in the history and upon hospitalization, but accompanied by pronounced, widespread vascular involvement supplying the brain, with tandem common carotid artery lesions (critical stenosis of the common carotid artery and occlusion of the common carotid artery on the contralateral side), occlusion of both subclavian arteries and the right vertebral artery. This type of lesion is associated with a high risk of developing ischemic stroke and death, which was an indication for subsequent surgical treatment. In addition, the pronounced inflammatory process in the vessel wall and perivascular structures, the rate of disease progression, as well as the absence of subcutaneous veins of the necessary diameter, immunosuppression in the background of taking hormonal drugs, led to the decision to use arterial donor allograft as a biological material for subsequent reconstructive surgical intervention.
Integral Indicators of Macroeconomic Conditions In The Formation of Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Poland
Authors: ALIMPIIEV Yevhenii
Published: September 2024

The research presented in the article is defined as testing an integral indicator of the macroeconomic environment that is important for understanding and assessing the current state of the economy and making decisions in the field of fiscal and monetary policy. In the literature, the General Macroeconomic Equilibrium (GME) Indicator and the Balanced Development Index are described separately. This article compares these two indicators using the example of the Polish economy from 1999 to 2022. As an indicator of general macroeconomic equilibrium, the article uses an improved new version of GME, which takes into account the quasi-stable nature of the natural rate of unemployment, which involves the use of variable values of the natural rate of unemployment. The results of the work led to conclusions about the strengths of the new version of the GME indicator. This indicator is based on the concept of internal and external deviations from equilibrium in the trade balance model, which explains the conditions of fiscal and monetary interaction, which makes the GME indicator sensitive to fiscal and monetary regulation instruments. The article analyzed the application advantages of the GME indicator, which include the use of widely used and publicly available statistical indicators, a smaller amount of input data without losing significant information. Testing on historical data gives grounds to assert that the GME indicator fulfills its intended role of reflecting the general state of macroeconomic conditions.
Economic and Financial Aspects of Operating Condo Hotels: A Qualitative Research In Poland
Authors: SALA Krzysztof
Published: September 2024

The aim of the article is to identify the key economic and financial aspects of condo hotels. The paper considers the Polish condo hotel market. Three main research methods used in the work are the following: criticism of literature, analysis of existing data and direct interview technique with managers of selected condo hotels in Poland. The results of the study indicate that in the long term, this type of investment involves a growing and difficult to fully assess uncertainty. This is due to the fact that the hotel market is particularly sensitive to unfavorable changes in the economic environment, economic downturn or unexpected fortuitous or pandemic events. The passage of years and the gradual decapitalization of facilities are also among the factors that increase this uncertainty. The motivation to write the article resulted from the author’s long-term personal scientific interests, related to the hotel industry and its aspects. The world literature lacks the latest studies on the economic and financial aspects of condohotels, especially during the war in Ukraine.
A SALA DE AULA DO FUTURO: TECNOLOGIAS E APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Verçosa Bruno Francisco Monteiro , Olímpio Cecília , Lira Eder , Conradt Idiara Duarte , Lôbo Ítalo Martins , Nunes Josineide Maria da Silva
Published: September 2024

Este estudo abordou a integração das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) na sala de aula, investigando os princípios tecnológicos e pedagógicos necessários para essa implementação. O problema central foi identificar as práticas e estratégias adequadas para a utilização de tecnologias no ensino, considerando os desafios e as oportunidades presentes na educação do século XXI. O objetivo geral foi analisar como as TIC podem ser integradas de maneira eficaz, relacionando-as com a cultura digital contemporânea. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi baseado em uma revisão bibliográfica, utilizando artigos acadêmicos, livros e outros materiais relevantes. Os principais achados indicaram que a formação contínua dos professores, associada a um planejamento e a uma infraestrutura adequada, é essencial para a aplicação eficaz das tecnologias no ambiente educacional. Além disso, destacou-se a importância da personalização do ensino e da promoção de um ambiente de aprendizagem dinâmico e interativo. As considerações finais reforçaram que, embora existam desafios, as oportunidades oferecidas pelas TIC são vastas, proporcionando uma educação democrática. O estudo também sugeriu a necessidade de pesquisas adicionais para aprofundar o entendimento sobre as melhores práticas de implementação das TIC nas escolas.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS E TECNOLOGIAS EDUCACIONAIS
Authors: Gonçalves Luciana Marinho Soares , Franqueira Alberto da Silva , Costa Eframita Jasmim Bezerra da , Reis Itamir Vieira , Miranda Laura Elice de Souza Ferreira , Felicio Marioney Luiz , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana
Published: September 2024

Esta pesquisa abordou a integração de tecnologias na sala de aula, analisando os princípios tecnológicos e pedagógicos necessários para seu uso eficaz. O problema investigado foi a dificuldade de muitas instituições de ensino em implementar tecnologias educativas de maneira eficiente. O objetivo geral foi identificar e analisar esses princípios, relacionando-os com a cultura digital e as necessidades educacionais do século XXI. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, utilizando artigos científicos, livros e monografias relevantes para o tema. No desenvolvimento, foram discutidos os princípios tecnológicos e pedagógicos fundamentais, destacando a necessidade de capacitação contínua dos professores e a adoção de metodologias ativas que promovem a aprendizagem interativa e colaborativa. Além disso, foram abordados os desafios estruturais que precisam ser superados, como a falta de infraestrutura e a resistência a mudanças. Nas considerações finais, concluiu-se que a integração eficaz de tecnologias na educação requer uma abordagem que combine princípios tecnológicos e pedagógicos, além de uma formação contínua dos professores. Foi ressaltada a necessidade de superar barreiras estruturais para garantir que a tecnologia possa ser integrada de forma eficiente. A pesquisa destacou a importância de novos estudos para explorar diferentes contextos educacionais e tecnologias específicas, visando ampliar o conhecimento sobre a melhor forma de integrar tecnologias no ensino.
REFORMA TRIBUTÁRIA: POSSÍVEIS IMPACTOS PARA A MICRO E PEQUENA EMPRESA DO SIMPLES NACIONAL
Authors: Macedo Jéssyca Fontenele , Monteiro Ricardo Aladim
Published: September 2024

Reconhecendo a importância do regime tributário do Simples Nacional para as micro e pequenas empresas, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal, analisar os principais impactos diante da reforma tributária nas empresas do Simples Nacional, em especial, no setor do comércio. Tendo em vista que um dos pilares defendidos pela reforma é a neutralidade da carga tributária, a partir da aplicação da técnica da não-cumulatividade, isso resultou na constitucionalização da recuperação de créditos tributários para empresas do Simples, caso recolha IBS e CBS “por fora”, dessa maneira surgindo um sistema híbrido, cabendo ao presente trabalho verificar o aumento ou não da carga tributária. A metodologia desse estudo combinou abordagens quantitativas e qualitativas utilizando, primordialmente, informações e dados em anexos retirados do estudo da Emenda Constitucional nº 132/2023 e do Projeto de Lei Complementar n. 68/2024, que foram organizados em planilhas, para calcular tanto o crédito a ser recuperado como também o valor a ser pagos em tributos, para assim, analisar de forma descritiva as implicações da reforma tributária nas empresas do Simples. Assim, por meio desse estudo, também observa se tais modificações são condizentes com os princípios econômicos consagrados na Constituição, sobretudo o de tratamento favorecido e simplificado para as empresas de pequeno porte e o da livre concorrência.
SAMURAI-S: Sonic Anemometer on a MUlti-Rotor drone for Atmospheric turbulence Investigation in a Sling load configuration
Authors: Ghirardelli Mauro , Kral Stephan T. , Cheynet Etienne , Reuder Joachim
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This study introduces the SAMURAI-S, a novel measurement system that incorporates a state-of-the-art sonic anemometer combined with a multi-rotor drone in a sling load configuration, designed to overcome the limitations of traditional mast-based observations in terms of spatial flexibility. This system enables the direct measurement of 3D wind vectors while hovering, providing a significant advantage in manoeuvrability and positional accuracy over fixed mast setups. The capabilities of the system are quantified through a series of 10 min to 28 min flights, conducting close comparisons of turbulence measurements at altitudes of 30 m and 60 m against data from a 60-meter tower equipped with research-grade sonic anemometers. The results demonstrate that SAMURAI-S matches the data quality of conventional setups for horizontal wind measurements while slightly overestimating vertical turbulence components. This overestimation increases as the wind speed increases.
Too cold, too saturated? Evaluating climate models at the gateway to the Arctic
Authors: Pithan Felix , Naumann Ann Kristin , Maturilli Marion
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The Arctic wintertime energy and moisture budget are largely controlled by the advection of warm, moist air masses from lower latitudes, cooling and drying of these air masses inside the Arctic and the export of cold, dry air masses. Climate models have substantial difficulties in representing key processes in these air-mass transformations, including turbulence under stable stratification and mixed-phase cloud processes. Here, we use radiosonde profiles of temperature and moisture and surface radiation observations from Ny Ålesund, Svalbard (1993–2014), to assess the properties of air masses being imported into and exported from the central Arctic in CMIP6 climate models. In the free troposphere, models tend to be cold-biased especially for the coldest temperatures. Most models underestimate the frequency of occurence of supersaturation with respect to ice, and a sensitivity experiment suggests that this can be improved by using 2-moment microphysics, i.e. prognostic rather than prescribed ice number concentrations. Cold and dry biases are stronger in air masses being exported from the Arctic than those entering the Arctic. This suggests that previously reported cold biases and excess energy convergence in the Arctic in CMIP6 models are probably due to errors in local thermodynamic processes.
Environments and lifting mechanisms of cold-frontal convective cells during the warm-season in Germany
Authors: Pacey George , Pfahl Stephan , Schielicke Lisa
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Convection often initiates in proximity to cold fronts during the warm-season, but how various processes favour convective initiation at different regions relative to the front is still not well-understood. By combining automatic front detection methods and a convective cell tracking and detection dataset, the environments and availability of different lifting mechanisms are analysed. Our results indicate that pre-surface-frontal cells form in the environments with the highest surface dew points and convective available potential instability (CAPE). At other front relative regions, cells form in environments with lower CAPE and surface dew points, though still significantly higher than regions without cells. Mid-level relative humidity discriminates particularly well between post-frontal cell locations and regions without cells. Pre-surface-frontal cells form in environments with the strongest large-scale lifting at 850 hPa and 700 hPa and also with the strongest convective inhibition. We also observe importance of large-scale lifting post-frontal, particularly at 500 hPa. Observational sunshine duration data indicate less sunshine before cell initiation compared to regions without cells at most front relative regions, which highlights that solar heating may not be responsible for the majority of cold-frontal cell initiation. The results in this study are an important step towards a deeper understanding of the drivers of cold-frontal convection at different regions relative to the front.
Confronting Reproductive Injustices: A Discussion on Decolonial, Queer, Anti-racist Organizing
Authors: Klinker Mary Jo , Kluver Regan , Jordan TL , Kearns BriShaun
Published: September 2024

This dialogic essay builds from the critical teachings of women of color organizers in Sister Song and Asian Communities for Reproductive Justice that assert that reproductive justice is an intersectional framework tying together multiple social movements. We share our diverse perspectives to offer an example of coalitional solidarity by including perspectives at the margin often relegated to invisibility in mainstream reproductive rights conversations.
Sharing Information as Political Praxis Among Activists for Self-managed Abortion
Authors: Braine Naomi
Published: September 2024

Social movements are intrinsically involved in processes of knowledge development, teaching, and learning, but this has become a central form of political action among feminist activists for self-manged abortion. Activists engage with medical protocols at multiple levels, and have made the sharing of this information with people facing unwanted pregnancies into both a vital form of resistance and of the creation of feminist knowledge at the intersections of science, community, and the political. This work has been central to maintaining and expanding access to abortion throughout the world, including in the United States since the Supreme Court Dobbs decision. The sharing and learning practices of activists for self-managed abortion, and other community-based health activists, challenge rigid structures of health education and the health sciences in particular, although their ways of thinking may be useful to educators in any setting.
Teaching Dobbs to Disrupt U.S. Hegemony and Build Feminist Solidarities
Authors: Siegel Derek P.
Published: September 2024

The Dobbs decision has created both opportunities and challenges in the classroom. On one hand, Dobbs animated student interest, increasing awareness of reproduction. On the other hand, media coverage of Dobbs primed students—particularly those who had not been exposed to reproductive justice—to think about abortion access in isolation from other topics and from an exclusively U.S. perspective. In this article, I discuss my experience teaching the Politics of Reproduction in Fall 2022. Among other goals, I wanted to expose students to La Marea Verde, or the “Green Wave,” of countries expanding abortion access in Latin America. By teaching Latin American abortion politics in relation to the Dobbs decision, I aim to disrupt U.S. hegemony. Specifically, teaching about the Green Wave highlights the possibility of organizing for reproductive justice outside the parameters of the state and challenges the logic of American Exceptionalism, which works to justify and normalize intersectional inequalities.
Headed North
Authors: Moore Amber
Published: September 2024

Poem by Amber Moore.
Unveiling the Main Frames of Islamophobia: Insights from Spanish Experts through Delphi Research
Authors: Zamora Medina Rocío , Garrido Clemente Pilar , Fahmy Shahira
Published: September 2024

Desde que comenzó la guerra de Gaza el 7 de octubre, ha habido un aumento del prejuicio antiárabe y anti-musulmán en todo el mundo. Este artículo explora la compleja cuestión social de la islamofobia desde la perspectiva del encuadre (framing) y propone un nuevo enfoque metodológico basado en una investigación Delphi con expertos españoles en el campo para comprender mejor las complejidades del rechazo antimusulmán. Tras dos rondas de consultas, los expertos alcanzaron un consenso sobre ciertas cuestiones conceptuales, pero notaron diferencias en los objetivos de la islamofobia. Reconocieron la influencia de la religión, la orientación sexual, el sexo, el color de la piel y el origen étnico en la configuración del discurso anti-musulmán. El estudio también destacó los desafíos a la hora de distinguir entre escenarios conflictivos como género versus raza-etnia, ilegalidad versus crimen, e invasión versus terrorismo. En general, esta investigación arroja luz sobre los matices de la Islamofobia como concepto multidimensional. Además, pretende ofrecer recomendaciones oportunas para mejorar el tratamiento periodístico de este fenómeno, basadas en opiniones de expertos.
Çocuk Dergilerinin Sosyal Bilgiler Tarih Konularının Öğretiminde Kullanılması
Authors: Uğur Abdullah , Keskin Yusuf
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı sosyal bilgiler dersi öğretim programında önemli bir yer tutan tarih konularının öğretiminde ne düzeyde etkili olduğunu ortaya koyarak işin mutfağında yer alan sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerine bir bakış açısı kazandırmaktır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek amacıyla TRT Çocuk ve Bilim Çocuk dergilerinin 2011-2015 yılları arasındaki bütün sayıları hata miktarını en aza indirebilmek amacıyla başka bir sosyal bilgiler eğitimi uzmanı ile birlikte okunarak kodlanmıştır. Yapılan kodlamalar sonucunda “tarihi şahsiyetler, tarihi olaylar, tarihi eserler, kültür tarihi, buluşlar ve keşifler ve tarihi bilgiler” olmak üzere altı alt bölüm belirlenmiştir. Doküman incelemesi tekniğinden faydalanılarak yürütülen araştırmada elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre çocuk dergilerinin başta “Kültür ve Miras” öğrenme alanı olmak üzere tarih kazanımlarının verilmesinde etkili bir şekilde kullanılabileceği söylenebilir. Bunun yanında çocuk dergileri temele alınarak sınıf içi etkinlikler hazırlanması derslerin daha verimli geçmesine hizmet edebilecektir. Son olarak incelenen iki derginin tarih konularının öğretimine veri zenginliği sağlama açısından değerlendirildiğinde ise TRT Çocuk dergisinin ön plana çıktığı tespit edilmiştir.
8. NHẬN XÉT ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ NHIỄM TRÙNG DO TỤ CẦU VÀNG TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC TÍCH CỰC NGOẠI, BỆNH VIỆN SẢN NHI NGHỆ AN TỪ 1/2020 ĐẾN 8/2023
Authors: Long Trần Minh , Hòa Nguyễn Ngọc , Sơn Hồ Sỹ
Published: September 2024

Mục tiêu: (1) Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng của nhiễm khuẩn do tụ cầu vàng điều trị tại khoa Hồi sức tích cực ngoại; (2) Nhận xét kết quả điều trị nhiễm trùng do tụ cầu vàng tại khoa Hồi sức tích cực Ngoại, Bệnh viện Sản Nhi Nghệ An.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu và mô tả cắt ngang. Chọn mẫu thuận tiện cỡ mẫu 46 bệnh nhân từ sơ sinh đến 15 tuổi được chẩn đoán nhiễm trùng do tụ cầu vàng, điều trị tại khoa Hồi Sức tích cực ngoại, Bệnh viện Sản Nhi Nghệ An. Thời gian nghiên cứu từ 1/2020 đến 8/2023.
Kết quả: Ổ nhiễm khuẩn của tụ cầu vàng đa dạng, ổ nhiễm khuẩn tiên phát phần lớn từ da - mô mềm với 80,6%; hô hấp 19,4%. Lâm sàng khi nhập viện là sốt 91,3%. Có 80,6% chủng tụ cầu vàng phân lập được kháng với Methicillin. Các kháng sinh nhạy cảm hoàn toàn: Vancomycin, Levofloxacin và Linezolid; 100% bệnh nhân có MIC Vancomycin là ≤ 1. Kết quả điều trị có 93,5% bệnh nhân kết quả tốt; 6,5% bệnh nhân cần chuyển lên tuyến trên; không có bệnh nhân tử vong. 80,5% bệnh nhân có chỉ định cần can thiệp ngoại khoa; 63% bệnh nhân không có ổ di bệnh.
Kết luận: Nhiễm khuẩn của tụ cầu vàng từ da - mô mềm với 80,6%, từ hô hấp 19,4%; kháng sinh nhạy cảm hoàn toàn: Vancomycin, Levofloxacin và Linezolid; 100% bệnh nhân có MIC Vancomycin là ≤ 1. Kết quả điều trị có 93,5% bệnh nhân tốt; 6,5% bệnh nhân cần chuyển lên tuyến trên.
18. SO SÁNH HIỆU QUẢ DỰ PHÒNG BUỒN NÔN, NÔN GIỮA DEXAMETHASONE VÀ ONDANSETRON SAU PHẪU THUẬT CẮT TÚI MẬT NỘI SOI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA VÙNG TÂY NGUYÊN
Authors: Đức Bùi Ngọc , Dung Huỳnh Thị Đoan , Cường Bùi Đức
Published: September 2024

Mở đầu: Cắt túi mật bằng phương pháp nội soi là phương pháp điều trị ngoại khoa thường quy sỏi túi mật. Phương pháp nội soi ít xâm hại hơn phương pháp phẫu thuật mở, nhưng tỷ lệ buồn nôn và nôn sau mổ cao hơn mổ mở, khoảng 40-70%. Hiệu quả dự phòng buồn nôn và nôn sau mổ của Ondansetron đã được chứng minh qua nhiều nghiên cứu. Dexamethasone là thuốc dễ kiếm và giá thành rẻ, nhưng chưa sử dụng rộng rãi trong dự phòng buồn nôn và nôn sau mổ.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu can thiệp lâm sàng ngẫu nhiên có nhóm chứng, mù đơn. So sánh hiệu quả dự phòng buồn nôn, nôn của Dexamethasone và Ondansetron trong 24 giờ đầu sau mổ cắt túi mật nội soi trên 208 bênh nhân. Nhóm D (Dexamethasone) 105 bệnh nhân được tiêm tĩnh mạch 4 mg Dexamethasone khi khởi mê, Nhóm O (Ondansetron) 103 bệnh nhân được tiêm tĩnh mạch 8 mg Ondansetron khi khởi mê. Tất cả bệnh nhân được chăm sóc và điều trị sau mổ theo cùng một phác đồ. Bệnh nhân được đánh giá mức độ buồn nôn, nôn sau mổ trong giai đoạn nôn đầu tiên. Theo dõi các tác dụng phụ của thuốc phòng nôn như nhức đầu, chóng mặt...
Kết quả: Hiệu quả dự phòng buồn nôn, nôn của Dexamethasone và Ondansetron trong 24 giờ đầu sau mổ cắt túi mật nội soi, tỷ lệ buồn nôn, nôn sau mổ của bệnh nhân được mổ cắt túi mật nội soi có từ một yếu tố nguy cơ trở lên theo Apfel, ở nhóm được dự phòng bằng Dexamethasone 4 mg là 16,5% so với nhóm dự phòng bằng Ondansetron 8 mg là 20%, tương đồng nhau.Kết luận: Hiệu quả dự phòng buồn nôn, nôn của Dexamethasone 4 mg và Ondansetron 8 mg trong 24 giờ đầu sau mổ cắt túi mật nội soi gần như nhau.
27. ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ GIẢM ĐAU CỦA GÂY TÊ MẶT PHẲNG CƠ DỰNG SỐNG LIÊN TỤC DƯỚI HƯỚNG DẪN SIÊU ÂM SAU PHẪU THUẬT LỒNG NGỰC
Authors: Chấn Ngô Văn , Ly Phạm Thị Ánh
Published: September 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Đau sau phẫu thuật ngực có thể đưa đến bất động, thở không hiệu quả và gây ứ đọng các chất đờm dãi, dẫn đến tình trạng xẹp phổi, viêm phổi và huyết khối. Do đó, giảm đau sau phẫu thuật lồng ngực rất quan trọng, đem lại sự thoải mái cho bệnh nhân, giảm các biến chứng về phổi và tim mạch sau phẫu thuật.
Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả giảm đau của gây tê mặt phẳng cơ dựng sống liên tục dưới hướng dẫn siêu âm sau phẫu thuật lồng ngực và khảo sát sự thay đổi huyết động, hô hấp, tai biến, tác dụng không mong muốn sau gây tê.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả, cắt ngang. 100 bệnh nhân phẫu thuật chương trình tại Bệnh viện Ung bướu Đà Nẵng, ASA I-III, được phẫu thuật lồng ngực. bệnh nhân gây tê mặt phẳng cơ dựng sống với liều bolus 30 ml Levobupivacain 0,25%, tiếp theo truyền Levobupivacain 0,125% (10-15 ml/giờ) trong và sau phẫu thuật 48 giờ.
Kết quả: VAS tĩnh tại thời điểm 1 giờ sau phẫu thuật là 1,75 ± 0,61; sau 24 giờ là 1,53 ± 0,55; sau 48 giờ là 1,37 ± 0,53. Điểm VAS động tại thời điểm 1 giờ sau phẫu thuật là 3,56 ± 0,89; sau 24 giờ là 2,00 ± 0,71; sau 48 giờ là 1,96 ± 0,67. Chất lượng hồi tỉnh sau 24 giờ là 129 điểm (101-146,5 điểm) và sau 48 giờ là 138 điểm (117-149 điểm) đều lớn hơn 121 điểm (chất lượng hồi tỉnh tốt). 1 trường hợp (1%) chạm mạch máu, 4 trường hợp (4%) buồn nôn hoặc nôn.
Kết luận: Gây tê mặt phẳng cơ dựng sống liên tục dưới hướng dẫn siêu âm sau phẫu thuật lồng ngực: giảm đau hiệu quả, an toàn, tỷ lệ thành công cao, ít tai biến và biến chứng, đem lại chất lượng hồi tỉnh tốt cho bệnh nhân.
Petrographic and geochemical features of weathered and pyrolytic altered organic matter of dump samples from Troyanovo-3 Mine (Mini Maritsa Iztok EAD, Bulgaria) – a comparison
Authors: Misz-Kennan Magdalena , Milakovska Zlatka , Fabiańska Monika J. , Więcław Dariusz , Stefanova Maya , Vladislavov Georgi
Published: September 2024

The open-pit exploitation of the Maritsa Iztok lignite field (Bulgaria) generated sedimentary waste rocks of low organic matter content that were deposited in internal dumps. Immediately after deposition the re-deposited sediments underwent weathering, including organic matter oxidation leading in some cases to self-heating. The aims of the research were to study the impact of weathering and self-heating on the maceral alterations in the dump site associated with the sediment re-deposition, and organic compounds identification and distribution. The 27 samples collected from Troyanovo-3 Mine internal dump differed in degree of alteration. The first group contained unaltered macerals and showed normal distribution of n-alkanes, phenols were absent and Rock-Eval Tmax ranged from 420 to 430 °C. The second group contained macerals with irregular cracks, paler oxidation rims, higher reflectance, Gaussian distribution of n-alkanes, high concentration of phenols and PAHs, and lowered Tmax values (below 400 °C). The samples contained elevated amount of pyrite which oxidation might contribute to self-hating.
Ameliorative Effect of Hydrocotyle Verticillata and Laportea Aestuans Leave Extracts on Hematological, Biochemical and Histopathological Indices on 7, 12-dimethylbenz (α) Anthracene (DMBA) Induced-Leukemia in Rats
Authors: C. E. Odo, , C. U. Ogunka-Nnoka, , A. A. Uwakwe,
Published: September 2024

This study evaluated the ameliorative effect of Hydrocotyle verticillata (H.v) and Laportea aestuans (L.a) leaves extracts on hematological, biochemical and histopathological indices on 7,12-dimethylbenz(α) anthracene (DMBA) induced-leukemia in wistar rats. Leukemia was induced in rats using standard method. Both extracts were evaluated for their effects on hematological, biochemical and histopathological indices using standard methods. The hematological indices showed a decrease in packed cell volume (21.83±0.85%) and hemoglobin concentrations (7.28±0.28g/dl) with an increase in Total white blood cells (30.08±0.51x109/L) in the negative control group. Treatment with the extracts significantly (p<0.05) increased the Hb, and PCV with a decrease in the TWBC levels in all treated groups. Liver enzymes of the standard drug and treated groups showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease when compared to the negative control (group 3) for both extracts. Urea (10.17±0.25mmol/l), creatinine (1.98±0.77mg/dl) hepatic enzymes levels reduced significantly (p<0.05) while Oxidative stress biomarker levels significantly (p<0.05) increased in the standard drug and treated groups when compared with the negative control. Histopathological examination showed strong hepato-renal protective effects. Hydrocotyle verticillata and Laportea aestuans have shown to possess hepato-renal protective effect and modulated hematological indices in induced-leukemia.
Study of Fungal Organisms Associated with Smoked and Dried Fish Sold in Awka Markets, Anambra State
Authors: M. I. Ikeh, , C. O. Ishar, , P. C. Chiakwelu, , O. A. Okeke, , C. J. Okeke, , V. O. Offor, , U. A. Obiakor, , U. B. Oraneli, , A. G. Benedict,
Published: September 2024

Fungal contamination of fish is considered as the major cause of spoilage and it constitutes a significant public health problem. This study was carried out to determine the fungal organisms associated with smoked and dried fish samples: Scomber scombrus (Mackerel), Sardinella longiceps (Sardine), Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia), Clarias gariepinus (catfish), Gadus morhua (Stock fish), Ethmalosa fimbriata (Bonga fish), and Citharinus citharus (Mangala) sold in Awka markets, Anambra State, Nigeria. A total of fifty (50) (25 smoked and 25 dried) fishes were obtained from three markets in Awka and examined microbiologically for viable fungal infestation using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. A total of 121 fungal organisms were isolated from 25 smoked and 25 dried fish samples and identified. The isolated fungi were Mucor spp, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium spp, Fusarium spp and Rhizopus spp. It was observed that all the fish samples harboured multiple fungal organisms. Aspergillus niger was the fungus with the highest mean fungal count of 9.00±5.568, followed by Mucor spp (8.00±1.732), while Aspergillus flavus was the lowest (3.67±1.528). In the dried fish samples, Gardus morhua (stock fish) had the highest infestation with fungi (1.08±1.083), while in smoked fish, Clarias gariepinus (catfish) had the highest infestation. The high level of fungal contamination can be attributed to poor handling of fish and the environment. Considering the danger to public health, food and safety authorities should intensify their monitoring efforts towards controlling fish contamination, and fish sellers should also be sensitized on hygienic fish handling techniques.
Synthesis, Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of New Amino Acids Derivatives of Naproxen
Authors: Akram Hassan Nadeem , Saadi Farhan Muthanna
Published: September 2024

Naproxen is well known as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent that belongs to propionic acid analogs and has the non-selective inhibitory property for both COX1 and COX2, and its side effects belong to the non-selective inhibitory of COX1 in addition to the anti-inflammatory action via COX2 inhibitory. The study aimed to design and synthesize a new Schiff baseof benzaldehyde and thiozolidinone derivative with amino acids spacers like Phenylalanine analogs P4, and Histidine (H5). In silico, the study design was done via auto dock vina soft wave and visualized by UCSF chimera. All analogs showed higher scores of virtual interactions with better affinity to COX2 vs COX1 except the analog P4, which showed a lower score than that of COX1. The chemical synthesis was performed using the conventional synthetic methods of esterification of amino acids, the insertion of hydrazine hydrate to the amino acids esters to get hydrazide, the reaction of benzaldehyde or anisaldehyde with hydrazide to get Schiff base, the reaction of Schiff base with mercaptoacetic acid to get Thiozolidinone, and finally the amidation of Naproxen to get the final analogs, the structural specification and characterization was introduced by FTIR, 1HNMR and 13Cspectroscopy. The biological evaluation of the newly synthesized analogs was done through induction paw edema, calculating the decrease in paw thickness in comparison with negative control DMSO and positive control naproxen. These results showed that all analogs got better anti-inflammatory action thanNaproxen; the best result was for the analog P4, which showed more powerful anti-inflammatory action than the others with a significant p-value (0.008 as compared with Naproxen)
Bimatoprost Loaded Liposomes for Ocular Administration: Design, Optimization, In vitro and Ex vivo Evaluation
Authors: Y Shetty Yashas , DS Sandeep
Published: September 2024

The present work was aimed to develop Bimatoprost loaded liposomes for the effective management of glaucoma. Bimatoprost liposomes were formulated by thin-film hydration method. A 32 level full factorial design was utilized to optimize the Bimatoprost liposomes. The optimized formulation was assessed for various parameters such as vesicle size, zeta potential, drug content, drug release study, TEM analysis, isotonicity, sterility, in vitro ocular irritation and ex vivo corneal histopathology study. The optimized formulation showed vesicle size and entrapment efficiency results that were in close agreement with the predicted values. In the drug release study, the formulation exhibited a sustained release pattern with a maximum release of 85.70 ± 0.24% over 8 hours. TEM study revealed that formulation had particles with smooth surface and discrete nature, with a mean particle size in the nano-scale range. Tests for isotonicity and sterility confirmed that the formulation was both isotonic and sterile. The HET-CAM test demonstrated that the formulation did not cause irritation to the chorioallantonic membrane (CAM), while the histopathology test revealed no damage to the corneal tissue. The study findings concluded that Bimatoprost loaded liposomes can be potential ocular drug delivery approach for the effective management of glaucoma.
Acute Toxicity Test of Zebrafish, Antifungal and Antibiofilm Activity of Etlingera rubroloba A.D Poulsen against Candida albicans
Authors: Jabbar Asriullah , Ilyas Y Muhammad , Hamzah Hasyrul , Puji Raharjeng Anita Restu , Sari Rafika , Handayani Titik Tri , Tunjung Pratiwi Sylvia Utami
Published: September 2024

The Etlingera rubroloba A.D Poulsen (E.rubroloba) plant is empirically used as a joint pain reliever, wound and fungus medicine by the people of Southeast Sulawesi. This plant has never been reported regarding toxicity and biofilm against C. albicans, but other activities have been reported previously. This study aims to determine the acute toxicity of ethanol extract of Etlingera rubroloba using zebrafish, antifungal and antibiofilm activity against C.albicans, using 5 concentration of 625, 1250, 2500, 5000 and 10000µg/mL.The results of the acute toxicity test ethanol extracts of stems, fruits and rhizomes, respectively to LC50 3898.23, 10310.52 and 4065.10µg/mL based on probit analysis. The highest inhibitory values in antifungal (10,000µg/mL) were stem, fruit, rhizome and nystatin at 80.28; 81.98; 81.53 and 80.99%, respectively. In the antibiofilm test, the highest inhibition value at 24 hours MBIC was in the stem, fruit, rhizome and nystatin as a positive control, respectively 77.83; 77.66; 78.42 and 78.62%. Then at 48 hours MBIC were 74.9, 74.63, 73.80 and 74.82%, respectively. The conclusion of this study is that the stem and rhizome category is slightly toxic and the fruit is practically non-toxic, and has activity as an antibiofilm of C. albicans.
Development and Validation of HPTLC Method for the Estimation of Alectinib in Capsule Dosage Form
Authors: Dhavale Ankita , Daroi Pratibha , Sonawane Bhushan , Kumar M. Vijay
Published: September 2024

A new, simple, accurate, fast, economic and precise high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for the estimation of alectinib in a capsule dosage form. Separation of active ingredient from alectinib capsule was done on pre-coated HPTLC plate (silica gel 60 F254) and mobile phase consisting of Toluene: Methanol: Ethyl acetate: Glacial acetic acid in the ratio of 6:2:2:1v/v/v/v. Analysis of alectinib was carried out at the wavelength of 340nm. This system well-resolved bands for alectinib at a Rf value of 0.4. The current method has been statistically validated in accordance with the ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. Linearity was found to be in the concentration range of 100-1500ng/band with the correlation coefficient of 0.999. Good accuracy and precision were obtained as revealed from %RSD value less than 2.
A Pharmacological Analysis of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Diabetes and the Complications Associated
Authors: Dave Jahnavi , Tirgar Pravin , Patel Bhoomi
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder, if not managed properly can lead to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, cataract, and foot injury issues. New medicines are remain in demand despite the advent of biguanides, sulfonylureas, and thiazolidinediones. New oral anti-diabetic medications like sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors can ameliorates diabetes also the risk of diabetic cardiovascular complications. The goal of this study was to compare effect of SGLT2 inhibitors like Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin, and Remogliflozin in an in-vivo model of diabetes and its major complications. Method: The Streptozotocin model was used to induce the diabetes and complications in rats. Various parameters were analysed for diabetes (blood glucose, HbA1C level) and its related complications like nephropathy (creatinine, CK-MB levels), neuropathy (Tail flick test) for cardiovascular complications lipids levels like LDL, VLDL, Cholesterol levels and monitoring blood pressure throughout the experiment, Retinopathy (Transparency of lens) At the end, histopathology of different organs were also studied. Results: All selected SGLT2 inhibitors, Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin and Remogliflozin shown excellent in-vivo antioxidant potential and having protective effects against diabetes and its complications like Cardiovascular, nephropathy and Neuropathy. In our study among other SGLT2 inhibitors Remogliflozin showed significant effect managing blood glucose levels, HbA1C, creatinine, CK-MB, lipid levels, increased latency time in tail flick test and decrease in the progression of lens abnormalities and maturation of cataract.
Development and Evaluation of Ursolic acid Loaded Dendrimers
Authors: Singh Aditya , Ahamad Ansari Vaseem , Mahmood Tarique
Published: September 2024

Ursolic acid (UA), a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, shows promise in Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. This study aimed to develop a nanoparticulate drug delivery system using PAMAM G0 dendrimers for UA, targeting sustained release and enhanced brain targeting, and subjected to NMR and in silico analysis. This study utilized UA-loaded PAMAM dendrimers for in silico molecular docking studies to evaluate their potential against dementia. Using AutoDock software, the formulation was evaluated against dementia targets, including β-amyloid fibril (PDB ID: 2ENS) and AGER ligands. The results showed that UA-loaded PAMAM dendrimers had a higher binding affinity (score: -8.5) compared to known UA inhibitors. This suggests that UA-loaded PAMAM dendrimers could effectively target key aspects of dementia, indicating potential for more effective dementia therapies. Further experimental validation is necessary to confirm these findings.
Rule-Elimination Theorems, ExtenDD. Coming to Terms: Proof Theory Extended to Definite Descriptions and other Terms
Authors: Roy Sayantan , Indrzejczak Andrzej
Published: September 2024

Rule-Elimination Theorems

Cut-elimination theorems constitute one of the most important
classes of theorems of proof theory. Since Gentzen’s proof of the
cut-elimination theorem for the system LK, several other proofs have been proposed. Even though the techniques of these proofs can be modified to sequent systems other than LK, they are essentially of a very particular nature; each of them describes an algorithm to transform a given proof to a cut-free proof. However, due to its reliance on heavy syntactic arguments and case distinctions, such an algorithm makes the fundamental structure of the argument rather opaque . We, therefore, consider rules abstractly, within the framework of logical structures familiar from universal logic and aim to clarify the
essence of the so-called “elimination theorems”. To do this, we first give a non-algorithmic proof of the cut-elimination theorem for the propositional fragment of LK. From this proof, we abstract the essential features of the argument and define something called normal sequent structures relative to a particular rule. We then prove a version of the rule-elimination theorem for these. Abstracting even more, we define abstract sequent structures and show that for these structures, the corresponding version of the rule-elimination theorem has a converse as well.
USING THIOUREA AS AN EXTRACTING AGENT FOR GOLD EXTRACTION
Authors: Sirakanyan M.A. , Kotikyan S.Yu. , Varderesyan G.C. , Hovhannesyan H.K.
Published: September 2024

Currently, the amount of waste polluting the environment, as well as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, is increasing from year to year. From this point of view, the integrated use of mineral raw materials, which involves the optimal and economically feasible extraction of useful and associated minerals with minimal losses in the subsoil at all stages of the technological process, the disposal of processing waste and the implementation of environmental measures aimed at restoring ecosystems, as well as the creation of waste-free technologies are very relevant.
For centuries, the best reagent for leaching gold was cyanide due to its high recovery, low cost and reliability. However, cyanide is highly toxic and causes environmental problems, which has prompted widespread research aimed at identifying and developing less toxic leaching reagents. Among the alternative leaching agents, chlorides, thiourea and thiosulfate have received the most attention. The use of thiourea as a lixiviant for gold recovery has proven more promising.
This article presents the results of identifying the optimal parameters for gold extraction by leaching with thiourea from sulfide polymetallic ores of the Megradzor deposit of the Republic of Armenia.
It was found that to optimize the process, it is advisable to carry out the first stage of leaching for 60 minutes, and the remaining stages for 30 minutes. In the first stage, ~ 45% of the gold is recovered, and a significant part of the thiourea is spent on dissolving other metals.
The optimal conditions for the process of leaching gold with thiourea sulfate solution have been established: preliminary acid treatment of the source material, which allows removing some of the interfering impurities before the first stage and repeated use of thiourea solutions until saturation with gold. Repeating the process in 3…7 cycles makes it possible to achieve a yield of gold in solution of up to ~ 97% in a short time.
DEVELOPMENT OF “GREEN CHEMISTRY” IN ARMENIA
Authors: Torosyan G.H. , Yesayan P.A.
Published: September 2024

"Green chemistry" is a new philosophy of chemistry, a new language that allows to look at the chemical industry not only from the important standpoint of profitability, but also from a humanitarian point of view. In this sense, the principles of green chemistry are increasingly discussed in the context of the concept of sustainable development.
This paper shows that, based on the twelve principles of green chemistry, many processes based on a new catalytic technology, phase transfer catalysis, correspond to them. It is widely used in fine chemical technologies - in the synthesis of drugs, food additives, aromatics and other similar industries. Phase transfer catalysis (PTC) is considered to be one of the options for environmental technologies.
Synthesis methods based on PTC are aimed at reducing environmental risk, namely, reducing the energy intensity of processes, elimination of toxic or harmful reagents and solvents. PTC allows the use of cheaper and readily available alternative raw materials, thus avoiding the need for harsh anhydrous conditions, expensive solvents and hazardous bases such as metal hydrides and organometallic reagents. PTC is used extensively in fine organic synthesis allowing the use of simple alkali analogs instead toxic alkoxides, amides and alkali metal hydrides.
The application of "green chemistry" postulates in the organisation of the chemical industry will be useful for Armenia, which used to be a major world chemical center. It is also known that in the late 80s of the last century the so-called "green revolution" took place in Armenia, caused by serious environmental problems created by the country's chemical industry.
This review article highlights the birth of green chemistry in Armenia and its subsequent development up to the present day.
Advances in the Treatment of Post-cholecystectomy Diarrhoea based on Changes in Intestinal Flora
Authors: Ma Chengyan , Gao Yizhuo , Chen Lingyan , Yu Tao
Published: September 2024

Post cholecystectomy diarrhoea (PCD) is one of the common complications after cholecystectomy, which is characterised by urgency of defecation, increased frequency of defecation, and often during the day. Although its pathogenesis is complex, after cholecystectomy, the diversity and abundance of bacterial flora are significantly altered, and intestinal microecological imbalance plays a major role in the pathogenesis of PCD, and the regulation of intestinal flora is an important means of treatment in the treatment of PCD. In this paper, we review the research progress of PCD treatment based on the alteration of intestinal flora.