bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wild soybean cotyledons at the emergence stage tolerate alkali stress by maintaining carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and accumulating organic acids
Authors: Sun Yang , Shu Hang , Lu Duo , Zhang Tao , Li Mingxia , Guo Jixun , Shi Lianxuan
Published: February 2025

Soil alkalization is a global ecological problem that constrains food security and sustainable socio‐economic development. As a wild relative of soybean, wild soybean (Glycine soja) exhibits strong salt and alkali stress resistance and its cotyledons play a key role during the emergence (VE) stage. This study aimed to compare variations in growth parameters, cotyledon ultrastructure, photosynthetic physiology, mineral ion and metabolite contents, and gene expression in two ecotypes of wild soybean to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying alkali stress resistance in salt‐tolerant wild soybean cotyledons during the VE stage. The results showed that salt‐tolerant wild soybean cotyledons exhibited relatively stable growth parameters, dense and orderly chloroplast structure, high photosynthetic rates, as well as high K+ and Ca2+ contents under alkali stress. Metabolomics, transcriptomics, and weighted gene co‐expression network analyses revealed that salt‐tolerant wild soybean cotyledons adapted to alkali stress during the VE stage by enhancing photosynthetic carbon assimilation pathways, increasing methionine and proline biosynthesis, and enhancing gamma‐aminobutyric acid biosynthesis, thereby maintaining a stable carbon and nitrogen balance. In addition, upregulation of the expression of ICL, MS, and ACO2 led to the accumulation of various organic acids, such as pyruvic, aconitic, succinic, oxalic, malic, and fumaric acids, thereby promoting the synthesis of organic acid metabolism modules. This study provides novel insights into the key metabolic modules by which wild soybeans resist alkali stress.
Methionine adenosyltransferase MAT3 positively regulates pear pollen tube growth, possibly through interaction with pectin lyase‐like protein PLL1
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxuan , Zhang Ting , Tang Chao , Wang Zhiqi , Guo Lin , Wang Peng , Zhang Shaoling , Wu Juyou
Published: February 2025

Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) is the only enzyme that synthesises S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM) from ATP and methionine in organisms. While MAT has been extensively studied in plant development and responses to abiotic stress, its role in plant fertilization, particularly in pear pollen tube growth, has been scarcely researched. Here, we demonstrate that the homologous gene of AtMAT3 in pear, PbrMAT3, is positively involved in pear pollen tube elongation. PbrMAT3 is predominantly expressed in pear pollen. Transient knockdown of PbrMAT3 inhibits pollen tube growth. Ethionine, a toxic methionine analogue, suppressed pollen tube growth in control samples but had no inhibitory effect on PbrMAT3‐knockdown pollen tubes, suggesting increased methionine accumulation in the latter. However, this accumulation is not responsible for the observed growth inhibition. PbrMAT3 interacts with a pectin lyase‐like protein, PbrPLL1, both in vivo and in vitro. Transient knockdown of PbrPLL1 promotes pollen tube growth, suggesting its negative role in pear pollen tube elongation. Additionally, the pectate lyase activity of the pear pollen tube was increased when PbrMAT3 was knocked down. Thus, the inhibition of pollen tube growth due to PbrMAT3 knockdown is not caused by methionine accumulation but may be mediated by PbrPLL1. This study provides new insight into the relationship between S‐adenosylmethionine synthesis and pollen tube growth.
Comprehensive Profiling of Computational Techniques for Sequencing‐Based HLA Immune Signatures Extraction
Authors: Jiang Limin , Baker Steven F. , Ceccarelil Michele , Guo Yan
Published: February 2025

HLA typing is crucial for clinical and research applications, including transplantation, disease association studies and personalised medicine. This study provides an in‐depth analysis of five key challenges in computational HLA typing methods: varying lengths, high polymorphism, complex phylogenetic structures, high sequence similarity and the requirement for frequent updates. This study evaluates 27 computation‐based HLA typing tools developed over the past 12 years, using a novel sequencing dataset of A549 cell lines with matched short‐read RNA‐Seq and long‐read Iso‐Seq data. We comprehensively investigated these 27 tools in terms of accessibility, capability, reliability, reproducibility, scalability and performance. In addition, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of current tools and identify critical areas for future research and development to advance HLA typing technologies.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐A*01:471 Allele by Sequencing‐Based Typing
Authors: Pajot Thibault , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Labalette Myriam
Published: February 2025

HLA‐A*01:471 differs from HLA‐A*01:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 250 in exon 4.
The Role of AI in Reshaping Medical Education: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Ali Majid
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is redefining medical education, bringing new dimensions of personalized learning, enhanced visualization and simulation‐based clinical training to the forefront. Additionally, AI‐powered simulations offer realistic, immersive training opportunities, preparing students for complex clinical situations and fostering interprofessional collaboration skills essential for modern healthcare. However, the integration of AI into medical education presents challenges, particularly around ethical considerations, skill atrophy due to overreliance and the exacerbation of the digital divide among educational institutions. Addressing these challenges demands a balanced approach that includes blended learning models, digital literacy and faculty development to ensure AI serves as a supplement to, rather than a replacement for, core medical competencies. As medical education evolves alongside AI, institutions must prioritize strategies that preserve human‐centred skills while advancing technological innovation to prepare future healthcare professionals for an AI‐enhanced landscape.
Combinatorial Decellularization as a Better Approach to Porcine Liver Extracellular Matrix Scaffold Fabrication With Preserved Bioactivity: A Comparative Evaluation
Authors: Puthiya Veettil Jesna , Sasikumar Lolitha Devika , Payanam Ramachandra Umashankar
Published: February 2025

Soft tissue repair patches of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM) with inherently preserved structural components and biomacromolecules are desirable in regenerative applications. This study characterizes three detergent‐based decellularization methods to fabricate acellular porcine liver matrices to remove antigenic determinants without compromising the structural integrity, glycosaminoglycans (GAG) content, and bound growth factors within the resulting ECM. Three detergents chosen for decellularization were sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), SDS with sodium deoxycholate (SDS + SDC‐combinatorial method), and Triton X‐100 followed by SDS. Combinatorial detergent decellularization effectively removed cellular components and retained intact collagenous structure with minimal residual DNA and protein. It also preserved significantly higher amounts of GAG, HGF, and bFGF. TX100 decellularization was highly destructive with the least preservation of GAG and GFs. The SDS method showed an intermediate level of preservation of biomolecules. The correlation obtained between GAG and GFs revealed quantification of GAG to be an indirect way of estimating the bound GFs preserved within the ECM. In vitro experiments revealed the noncytotoxic nature of the scaffolds. The study revealed that, among the three methods of decellularization, ECM scaffold fabricated by combinatorial detergent decellularization is extremely promising for use as a soft tissue repair patch with inherent bioactive molecules for scaffold‐based regenerative therapy.
Combustion Characteristics of Premixed Ammonia/Methane/Air blends as an Alternative Fuel in a Swirl-Stabilized Gas Turbine Can Combustor Sustained Using a Pilot Flame
Authors: Das Chaudhury Meghna , Sahoo Abinash , Ekkad Srinath V. , Narayanaswamy Venkateswaran
Published: February 2025

The present research work investigated the combustion characteristics of lean premixed Ammonia/Methane/Air flames in an atmospheric pressure swirl-stabilized gas turbine can combustor. The study focused on characteristics such as flame structure, flame stability, combustor liner wall heat load and emissions. Different volume % of Ammonia-Methane (0-50 % Ammonia, rest being Methane) blends were considered at an equivalence ratio = 0.6 and at Reynolds number ∼ 50000 where the flame was sustained using a 10 % Methane pilot flame. High-speed flame luminosity imaging was carried out to study the flame structure and flame stability. Infrared thermography was used to simultaneously measure both outer/inner wall temperatures and to estimate the liner wall heat load. For studying emissions, steady-state numerical modeling was carried out using the CONVERGE CFD 3.0 software where both isothermal and adiabatic cases were studied. The latter comprised the entire volume fraction of Ammonia and Methane. Particle Image Velocimetry data were used to validate the numerical model. In the study, Ammonia/Methane/Air flames were found to exhibit increased flame-turbulence interaction compared to the pure Methane-Air flame. Flame instability and flame extinction were observed in the 50 % Ammonia-50 % Methane flame in the downstream section of the combustor away from the pilot flame and along the combustor wall. Compared to the combustor wall heat in the pure Methane-Air flame, in Ammonia/Methane flames, combustor wall heat load was found to be reduced by ∼ 10 to 40 % for various cases. In addition, NOx emissions were found to be less under isothermal condition as compared to adiabatic condition because of unburnt fuel.
Solar Simulator Prototype With Halogen and LED Sources
Authors: da Cruz Gustavo P.C. , Barreto Gabriel Lima , Gómez-Malagón Luis A , Lima Ricardo , Vital Caio
Published: February 2025

Hybrid Solar Simulators (SS) using halogen lamps and LEDs, classified as A for spectral match and temporal instability, are primarily reported for characterizing small solar cells (∼160 cm2). However, spatial nonuniformity reports are rare. This manuscript presents the characterization of a large-area hybrid SS capable of simulating sunlight intensity and spectrum using a combination of 10 white LEDs, 6 halogen lamps, and power LEDs emitting at 450 nm (blue), 750 nm (magenta), and 850 nm (infrared). This setup ensures homogeneous light distribution over a 600 cm2 surface. The proposed SS was characterized according to the IEC 60904-9 standard, analyzing Spectral Match (SM), Spatial Non-Uniformity (SNU), and Temporal Instability (TI). The obtained values (SM = 1.29, SNU = 1.5%, and TI = 0.17%) classify the simulator as BAA. Electrical characterization of a 5W solar panel (300 cm2) was performed via current-voltage (I–V) and power-voltage (P–V) curves under indoor and outdoor conditions. A relative error of less than 4% was found compared to outdoor measurements, making it suitable for photovoltaic device testing. The results demonstrate the feasibility of developing a low-cost SS using incandescent and semiconductor light sources, with potential for characterizing commercial photovoltaic devices.
Innovative Advances in EV-Driveline Lubrication: Optimizing Lubricants for Enhanced Efficiency and Sustainability
Authors: Naundorf Tim , Butcher Richard , Hellwig Thomas , Seman Gregory , Knoblauch Daniel
Published: February 2025

The global reduction of CO2 emissions, including from the transportation sector, is critical for addressing climate change. New electric vehicles (NEVs) are pivotal in this effort, with battery electric vehicles (BEVs) being a primary focus, due to their potential for significantly reducing emissions. This study investigates the efficiency of selected lubricants in the context of an electric axle (E-axle) drivetrain, a key component in BEVs. Compared with conventional vehicles, driveline efficiency may be viewed as even more essential for the BEV. Here all aspects of efficiency are essential to improve delivery from the main drive battery capacity, reduce vehicle weight, and improve overall performance. By testing different fluids and formulations, this research identifies significant efficiency gains from the E-axle, which directly contribute to enhancing the range, whilst reducing the operational costs. Using a typical E-axle, the study practically demonstrates that the targeted selection and optimization of lubricant can achieve worthwhile efficiency improvements. It is expected that efficiency gains are possible with other motors and drivetrains. However, each system requires individual optimization to realize such benefits. This research demonstrates the importance of customizing lubricant solutions to the specific demands of each drivetrain, thereby supporting the broader adoption of more efficient and sustainable electric vehicle technologies.
Inhaled methoxyflurane (Penthrox) use in the outpatient and ambulatory setting: a systematic review
Authors: Sairally Bibi Zeyah Fatemah , De Silva Prathiba M , Smith Paul , Clark T Justin
Published: February 2025

Objective

We assessed whether Penthrox (methoxyflurane) can provide better pain relief for elective, outpatient interventional procedures compared with other methods of pain control.

Design

Systematic review.

Data sources

Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, MEDLINE, Emcare, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched from inception to 6 November 2023.

Eligibility criteria

All published studies including randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies and case–control studies investigating Penthrox for pain relief, during and/or after an interventional procedure, were included.

Data extraction and synthesis

Two independent reviewers identified eligible studies and retrieved data. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias V.2.0 and Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS I) tools. A meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity.

Results

The literature search yielded 1189 records. 12 studies were eligible for inclusion: 5 RCTs and seven non-randomised studies of interventions (NRSIs). Penthrox was used for a range of procedures across five medical specialities: gastroenterology, gynaecology, haematology, orthopaedics and urology. Two RCTs showed a significant reduction in intraprocedural pain when Penthrox was compared with placebo. However, three RCTs where Penthrox was compared with either placebo or intravenous sedation showed no significant differences in pain or comfort level. Similarly, the NRSIs showed variable results. Most patients were satisfied (63% to >98%; seven studies) with Penthrox, and seven out of eight studies reported that the majority of participants would use it again (46.8%–95%; eight studies). No serious adverse events were reported.

Conclusion

Penthrox (methoxyflurane) shows promise as an analgesic for invasive, elective interventional procedures in the outpatient setting, although the relative benefits appear to vary depending on intervention and comparator pain control measures. There is a pressing need for robustly conducted, large, generalisable multicentre RCTs to evaluate the effectiveness of Penthrox.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42023404574.
Effect of intensive nutrition training, education and support versus standard therapy in reducing the need for insulin therapy in gestational diabetes (INTENSE-GDM): a protocol for a randomised controlled single-centre trial in Denmark
Authors: Ewers Bettina , Blond Martin B , Kelstrup Louise , Foghsgaard Signe , Bergholt Thomas , Hansen Marianne J , Storgaard Heidi , Holmager Pernille , Mathiesen Elisabeth R
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses health risks due to hyperglycaemia, which can lead to clinical complications for mother and child. While dietary therapy serves as first-line treatment, approximately one-third of women with GDM require insulin to obtain glycaemic control. However, insulin therapy amplifies hospital care expenses and personal burdens. Intensive nutrition education, training and support may improve dietary intake leading to glycaemic control and reducing the need for insulin therapy. This study investigates the effectiveness of intensified dietary therapy versus standard dietary therapy in reducing the need for insulin and consequently lowering hospital care costs among women with GDM at high risk of requiring insulin therapy. Responses to the dietary interventions will also be examined within ethnic subgroups.

Methods and analysis

This study is a randomised controlled parallel-group trial involving women with GDM randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive either intensive dietary therapy (intensive group) or standard dietary therapy with only one educational consultation (control group). The educational content of the first consultation is according to routine care and similar in both groups. The intensive group receives two additional dietitian consultations and two additional consultations on request to facilitate training and support in addition to education. Assessments are conducted at baseline and 2–3 weeks before planned delivery, with additional data gathered from medical records. The primary outcome is the difference in the proportion of women requiring insulin therapy. Maternal outcomes, neonatal outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, health behaviour and cost-saving aspects of hospital care will also be assessed. Recruitment began in January 2024 and ends in December 2025, with a target enrolment of 214 women.

Ethics and dissemination

The study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Capital Region of Denmark (H-23055674). Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, and detailed presentations to key stakeholders.

Trial registration number

NCT06127823.
Scoping review protocol of interventions for the mental health of women with and without HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Banda Lucas , Mokgatle Mathildah Mpata , Oladimeji Olanrewaju
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Mental health issues among women in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), especially those living with HIV, pose a major public health challenge. Despite the established connections between HIV status and mental health outcomes, there is a noticeable absence of targeted interventions for this group within the literature. Many studies tend to focus on broad mental health concerns without addressing the specific needs of women with HIV, or they neglect to incorporate mental health elements into current HIV-related programmes. This scoping review aims to gather and analyse the existing research on interventions designed to improve the mental health of women in SSA, both with and without HIV. It will identify barriers preventing this population from accessing mental healthcare, highlight important gaps in the current literature and suggest directions for future research.

Methods and analysis

To conduct this scoping review, the researcher will adhere to the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. The literature search will span several databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science and PsychInfo, to ensure a comprehensive collection of relevant studies. The selection process will involve two stages: two independent reviewers will initially screen titles for eligibility and a full-text review of the selected articles. A specially designed tool will be used for data extraction, focusing on minimising bias and accurately capturing study details. The final selection of studies will be analysed using a standardised tool to comprehensively assess all bibliographic information and study characteristics. The planned study dates for the review will be January to March 2025.

Ethics and dissemination

No ethical approval is required as the review will draw on publicly available publications and materials. The study’s conclusions will be subject to peer review and published in a scientific journal, with the abstract shared at local and international conferences. Key findings will be disseminated to health ministries, community-based organisations focused on women’s mental health and HIV, and policymakers to inform policy decisions regarding mental health interventions for women in SSA.
Mechanisms and attitudes in responsive healthcare for forced migrant communities: a qualitative study of transnational practice
Authors: Robinson Amy Rebecca , Khan Ziaur Rahman A , Broadhurst Kofi Amy , Nellums Laura B , Renolds Gisela , Faiq Bayan , Smith Andrew
Published: February 2025

Objectives

To understand the opportunities and practices that can support responsive healthcare for forced migrant communities.

Design

A qualitative study of five transnational case examples of services actively working to improve access and experiences of care for forced migrant communities, which is one strand of the MORRA Study.

Setting

Five services (Australia, Belgium, UK) providing a range of care (primary care, health advocacy, education and support, holistic health screening, care planning/coordination, transcultural mental healthcare). Delivered through state and not-for-profit structures in initial and contingency accommodation sites, health clinics and community spaces. Data collection took place between July and October 2022.

Participants

47 participants including forced migrants using or having used one of the five services, service leads, clinical and non-clinical workers (paid and volunteer), interpreters and service partners. Services supported recruitment of a crude representative sample of worker roles and service users/clients. Participants were required to speak one of nine languages for which we had translated study materials.

Main outcome measures

Experiences, practices, knowledges, skills and attributes of workers; experiences of forced migrants engaging in services.

Results

Services showed a willingness to innovate and work outside existing practice and organisational structures, including a ‘microflexibility’ in their interactions with patients, and through the creation of safe spaces that encouraged trust in providers. Other positive behaviours included engaging in intercultural exchange; facilitating the connection of people with their cultural sphere (eg, nationality, language) and a reflexive attitude to the individual and their broader circumstances. Social and political structures can diminish these efforts.

Conclusions

Environments that enable good health and support forced migrants to live lives of meaning are vital components of responsive care. This requires flexibility and reflexivity in practice, intercultural exchange, humility, and a commitment to communication. A broader range of caring practitioners can, and should, through intentional and interconnected communities of care, contribute to the healthcare of forced migrants. Opening up healthcare systems to include other state actors such as teachers and settlement workers and a range of non-state actors that should include community leaders and peers and private players is a key step in this process. Future work should focus on the health and health service implications of immigration practices; the inclusion of peers in a range of healthcare roles; alliance-building across unlikely collaborators and the embedding of intercultural exchange in practice.
Work motivation and job satisfaction among local government health workers in Chitwan, Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Poudel Sunita , Kaphle Hari Prasad , Parajuli Sagar , Poudel Arjun
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The health workforce is a crucial component of the WHO Health System Framework and is vital for sustainable, high-quality service delivery. Job satisfaction and motivation are key factors influencing the retention and performance of health workers. This study aimed to assess job satisfaction and its associated factors among health workers working under the local government in the Chitwan District, focusing on sociodemographics, job characteristics and work motivation.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 219 health workers from 46 health facilities in the Chitwan district using a multistage sampling technique to include workers from various facility types and municipalities. Data were collected using a pretested, self-administered structured questionnaire and analysed with Statistical Product for Service Solutions V.22. Univariate, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results

The study found that 76.3% of participants were satisfied with their jobs. Opportunities for advancement (adjusted OR (AOR): 3.61, 95% CI: 1.35 to 9.66), nature of work (AOR: 3.54, 95% CI: 1.16 to 10.84) and supportive supervision (AOR: 3.58, 95% CI: 1.25 to 10.27) were significantly associated with higher job satisfaction.

Conclusion

Over three-quarters of health workers under local government were satisfied with their jobs. The study emphasises the significance of promoting supportive work environments, providing effective supervision and offering career development opportunities to enhance job satisfaction among health workers.
Estimated sodium intake and premature ventricular complexes: data from the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study
Authors: Economou Lundeberg Johan , Wuopio Jonas , Mente Andrew , Måneheim Alexandra , Okrajni Magdalena , Healey Jeffrey S , Sundström Johan , Ärnlöv Johan , Engström Gunnar , Johnson Linda S B
Published: February 2025

Background

Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) predict coronary heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and death, all of which are also related to sodium intake. We studied estimated sodium intake and PVC frequency in the randomly selected population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study cohort.

Methods

In our cross-sectional study, we included 5636 individuals with 24-hour ECG registration and fasting morning urine sampling. Sodium intake was estimated using the Kawasaki formula, and the association between sodium intake and PVC frequency was modelled using multivariable negative binomial regression, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, level of education, height, physical activity and smoking status, across prespecified strata of sodium intake: <2 g/day, 2–2.99 g/day, 3–3.99 g/day (reference category), 4–4.99 g/day and ≥5 g/day.

Results

The median age was 57.6 years, and 51.9% were female. The median daily PVC count was 8 (IQR 3–41); 5.9% had ≥500 PVCs/24 hours. The mean estimated sodium intake was 3.3 g/day. There was a U-shaped association between sodium intake and PVCs. Compared with the reference of 3–3.99 g/day (28% of participants), sodium intakes <2 g/day (15% of participants) and ≥5 g/day (10% of participants) were associated with 26% (95% CI 6% to 49%) and 52% (95% CI 26% to 84%, p<0.01) increases in PVC frequency, respectively, but intakes of 2–2.99 g/day and 4–4.99 g/day were not (5% (95% CI −8% to 20%) and 4% (95% CI −11% to 22%) increase, respectively).

Conclusion

There was a U-shaped association between sodium intake and PVC frequency, with both low and high sodium intake associated with higher PVC frequency.
REDUCING INNOVATION PROJECT UNCERTAINTY THROUGH INTRA-ORGANISATIONAL COLLABORATION: EXAMINING THE ROLE OF ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING
Authors: FANOUSSE ROLA , NAKANDALA DILUPA , LAN YI-CHEN
Published: February 2025

Inherent uncertainty in innovation projects is a management challenge for organisations. This study examines the impact of intra-organisational collaboration on reducing uncertainty in innovation projects, along with the role of organisational learning in facilitating this relationship. It draws on empirical data collected from 249 managers of innovation projects and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. The results confirm that intra-organisational collaboration, with its five dimensions, reduces uncertainty in innovation projects and leads to organisational learning. Our paper provides empirical evidence for the first time that effective organisational practices reduce innovation project uncertainty, providing important insights for practitioners on the importance of investing in enhancing organisational learning and collaborations to increase the success of innovation projects.
A Human Tracking System for the Rocker-Bogie Mobile Robot Utilizing the YOLOv8 Network
Authors: Bui Huy Anh , Mac Thi Thoa , Nguyen Xuan Thuan
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, mobile robots are applied in a variety of fields to assist humans in doing complicated work such as disaster situations, rescue missions, security and tracking systems, military campaigns, and planetary discovery. When performing these tasks, climbing uneven terrain and detecting targets are two of the most important requirements for the mobile robot. The Rocker-Bogie design developed by the NASA Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Project has become a proven mobility application during the last decade. The stability and obstacle-climbing capability of this model are evaluated as suitable choices for mobile robots. In this paper, a prototype of a Rocker-Bogie mobile robot featuring a human tracking system is proposed. To be more detailed, the modified YOLOv8 network is designed to detect humans and corresponds to the operation of the robot in real time. The computer then computes the associated speeds of the robot according to the detection targets. The velocity signal is transmitted back to the robot, which then executes the appropriate maneuver. The experimental result demonstrates an average success rate of 91% for tracking missions on an actual mobile robot platform under different scenarios.
Research students are diverse, while those in salaried positions are not: results from a survey of Canadian Academic Geoscience
Authors: Jess Scott , Heer Emily , Schoenbohm Lindsay
Published: February 2025

Despite recognition that academic geoscience lacks diversity at an extent beyond other disciplines, demographic data from academic geoscience departments is not routinely collected. This inhibits the ability to address disparities and make improvements. We aim to address this gap by establishing the demographic make-up of academic geoscience in Canada and identify communities that may be underrepresented. A 22-question survey was disseminated to all geoscience departments at Canadian universities (N=35) between September and December 2022 asking specific questions related to identity. Research students, faculty, staff and instructors in these departments were eligible to respond. Responses were analyzed for proportions and compared to relevant national data. In total, 482 respondents completed the survey, representing approximately 21% of the academic geoscience population in Canada. Responses indicate marked reductions in diversity between research students and salaried researchers for gender, race, and LGBTQ+ representation. Men outnumber women in all tenured faculty positions (64.9%) and tenured positions were overwhelmingly held by white respondents (84.6%). Indigenous identities are poorly represented in this population, with only 2.3% identifying as First Nations, Inuit, or Métis. A higher proportion of students than faculty identified as disabled, with the greatest representation among PhD students (12%). These data support previous studies finding low diversity among those in academic geoscience. The drop in diversity between students and faculty suggest barriers for those not historically represented, and the dominance of white men in tenured positions indicates further barriers for those who do pursue careers in geoscience. Addressing these barriers will require broad-scale efforts and engagement with communities that continue to be excluded from academic environments.
Minimizing Age of Event in Artificial Intelligence of Things
Authors: Huang Ziyao , Wu Weiwei , Chau Vincent , Wu Kui , Liu Xiang , Wang Jianping
Published: February 2025

Information freshness, measured by the Age-of-Information (AoI) metric, is a crucial aspect of conventional network systems. However, the emergence of the Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) introduces unique requirements for assessing information freshness, rendering the traditional AoI definition inadequate. This is because the traditional AoI metric operates under the presumption that each data packet bears equal significance. In contrast, AIoT systems must prioritize the transmission of event summaries from smart IoT devices. To promptly capture events as they occur at the sources, we propose a novel information freshness metric called Age of Event (AoE). Subsequently, we thoroughly investigate the problem of AoE-minimizing transmission scheduling. This issue presents a formidable challenge because the event occurrence pattern can be unpredictable, and more crucially, the base station only becomes aware of these occurrences post-transmission. In response, we formulate algorithms and conduct a theoretical analysis applicable to scenarios characterized by complete, zero, or partial knowledge of event occurrences. Evaluations performed on a real traffic event dataset reveal that even in the absence of complete knowledge, our algorithms exhibit competitive performance when compared against the clairvoyant benchmark and markedly outperform AoI baselines.
From Perception to Computation: Revisiting Delay Optimization for Connected Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Liu Tianen , Wang Shuai , Dong Zheng , Li Borui , He Tian
Published: February 2025

With the development of sensing, wireless communication, and real-time computing technologies, vehicles are gradually becoming more and more intelligent. To provide safe autonomous mobility services, connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) need to obtain complete information about their environment and process it in real-time to make driving decisions. However, the rapid increase in data volume puts pressure on CAVs to process tasks in real time. This survey analyzes CAVs delay optimization from the perception layer, communication layer, computation layer, and cross-layer. According to different coordination modes, each layer of CAVs is divided, and the problem of delay optimization is classified in fine granularity. This survey will help researchers gain insight into the mechanism of delay optimization on CAVs and highlight the key role of optimized delay in autonomous driving.
Deep Recognition of Public Opinion Reversals in Critical Incidents Based on Hypernetwork Architecture
Authors: Wang Xuna , Zhang Lifan
Published: February 2025

With the development of social media and online platforms, the speed of dissemination and influence of emergencies in cyberspace have increased significantly. The rapid change of public opinion, especially the reversal of public opinion, may have a significant impact on social stability and government credibility. The hypernetwork structure has complex multilevel and multidimensional characteristics, and it is of great significance to analyze the multiple participating subjects of public opinion evolution and their complex relationships based on the hypernetwork theory, and to further identify the public opinion reversal for the public opinion response and guidance of emergencies. According to the complex interaction between the participants of emergencies and internal and external factors, this paper constructs a hypernetwork model including four subnets of users, time series, opinions, and emotions, and analyzes the network structure in detail. On this basis, the method steps of emergency public opinion inversion recognition are proposed. Taking the public opinion event caused by Hongxing Erke donation during the rainstorm in Henan Province of China as an example, the empirical analysis is carried out. The research shows that the proposed emergency hypernetwork model provides effective support for the identification of public opinion inversion, and the identification method of public opinion inversion based on the hypernetwork is helpful to find the trend of public opinion evolution, so as to infer the tendency of public opinion inversion, which provides new ideas for the related research of public opinion monitoring and emergency response.
Table S4 from Chromatin Helicase CHD6 Establishes Proinflammatory Enhancers and Is a Synthetic Lethal Target in FH-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jin Juan , Luo Jun , Jin Xiaodong , Lim Kiat Shenq , He Yang , Ding Jiawei , Shen Yan , Hou Yuchen , Liu Hanqing , Zhu Xiaoyu , Zhao Jing , Zhou Wenjie , Huang Hai , Gao Yi , Xiao Jun , He Hongchao , Li Qunyi , Liu Lianxin , Chen Li , He Qiang , Zhang Chuanjie
Published: February 2025

Identification of super-enhancer-associated genes in DMF-treated ACHN cells, related to Figure 6.
Table S1 from Chromatin Helicase CHD6 Establishes Proinflammatory Enhancers and Is a Synthetic Lethal Target in FH-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jin Juan , Luo Jun , Jin Xiaodong , Lim Kiat Shenq , He Yang , Ding Jiawei , Shen Yan , Hou Yuchen , Liu Hanqing , Zhu Xiaoyu , Zhao Jing , Zhou Wenjie , Huang Hai , Gao Yi , Xiao Jun , He Hongchao , Li Qunyi , Liu Lianxin , Chen Li , He Qiang , Zhang Chuanjie
Published: February 2025

Oligonucleotides, related to Methods.
Supplementary Figure 5 from Chromatin Helicase CHD6 Establishes Proinflammatory Enhancers and Is a Synthetic Lethal Target in FH-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jin Juan , Luo Jun , Jin Xiaodong , Lim Kiat Shenq , He Yang , Ding Jiawei , Shen Yan , Hou Yuchen , Liu Hanqing , Zhu Xiaoyu , Zhao Jing , Zhou Wenjie , Huang Hai , Gao Yi , Xiao Jun , He Hongchao , Li Qunyi , Liu Lianxin , Chen Li , He Qiang , Zhang Chuanjie
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure 5. CHD6/SMARCA2/4-coordinated SEs-promoter looping boosts the transcription of NF-κB-related targets, related to Figure 6. A. 3C assay of the indicated genes in WT, CHD6-KO Caki-2 cells with or without DMF stimulation. “Pro” means the input-pro, while “3C” means the 3C primers targeting the indicated enhancer region. B. ChIP-qPCR of H3K27ac markers in promoters or enhancers of CCL2, ICAM1, or BCL3 gene in UOK-262 cells (n = 5). C. Immunoblotting analysis of p65 immunoprecipitates in UOK-262 cells with or without CHD6 depletion. D. ChIP-qPCR of SMARCA2/4 markers in the SEs of CCL2, ICAM1, or BCL3 gene (n = 5) in CHD6-KO UOK-262 cells with or without CHD6 restoration. E. RT-qPCR analysis of mRNA level for CCL2, ICAM1 and BCL3 genes (n = 5) in UOK-262 cells transfected with indicated siRNAs targeting cBAF, PBAF, or ncBAF. F. ChIP-qPCR of H3K27ac markers in indicated SEs of CCL2, ICAM1, or BCL3 gene (n = 5) in SMARCA2/4-KD UOK-262 cells with or without CHD6 overexpression. G. MA plot of differential H3K4me1 or H3K27ac ChIP-seq signals in UOK-262 cells treated with 12 h AU-15330 versus DMSO. Log2 fold changes of peaks are plotted on the y-axis. Significantly changed peaks (FDR< 0.05) are marked in grey. H. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed the inhibition of CHD6-signature by AU-15330. I. Plot of CHD6/p65 co-binding intensities in UOK-262 treated with control and AU-15330 (5 μM), respectively. P values were calculated using a two-tailed Student’s t-test (B, D-F). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. ns, no significance.
Supplementary Dataset 4 from Energy Stress–Induced circEPB41(2) Promotes Lipogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Yang , Luo Jingjing , Wang Zhongyu , Liu Kaiyue , Feng Keyi , Wang Fang , Mei Yide
Published: February 2025

List of H3K9ac Peaks in Control and circEPB41(2) Knockdown Cells
Figures S1 to S6, Table S1 and S2 from Energy Stress–Induced circEPB41(2) Promotes Lipogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Yang , Luo Jingjing , Wang Zhongyu , Liu Kaiyue , Feng Keyi , Wang Fang , Mei Yide
Published: February 2025

Figures S1 to S6, Table S1, and Table S2
Supplementary Table S4 from PTBP1 Lactylation Promotes Glioma Stem Cell Maintenance through PFKFB4-Driven Glycolysis
Authors: Zhou Zijian , Yin Xianyong , Sun Hao , Lu Jiaze , Li Yuming , Fan Yang , Lv Peiwen , Han Min , Wu Jing , Li Shengjie , Liu Zihao , Zhao Hongbo , Sun Haohan , Fan Hao , Wang Shan , Xin Tao
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S4. Proteins interacting with PTBP1 determined by MS (Top100)
Supplementary Table S1 from PTBP1 Lactylation Promotes Glioma Stem Cell Maintenance through PFKFB4-Driven Glycolysis
Authors: Zhou Zijian , Yin Xianyong , Sun Hao , Lu Jiaze , Li Yuming , Fan Yang , Lv Peiwen , Han Min , Wu Jing , Li Shengjie , Liu Zihao , Zhao Hongbo , Sun Haohan , Fan Hao , Wang Shan , Xin Tao
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S1. Key reagents or resources used in this study
Supplemental Table 1 from Imlunestrant Is an Oral, Brain-Penetrant Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader with Potent Antitumor Activity in ESR1 Wild-Type and Mutant Breast Cancer
Authors: Bhagwat Shripad V. , Mur Cecilia , Vandekopple Matthew , Zhao Baohui , Shen Weihua , Marugán Carlos , Capen Andrew , Kindler Lisa , Stephens Jennifer R. , Huber Lysiane , Castanares Mark A. , Garcia-Tapia David , Cohen Jeff D. , Bastian Jolie , Mattioni Brian , Yuen Eunice , Baker Thomas K. , Rodriguez Cruz Vivian , Fei Dongling , Manro Jason R. , Pulliam Nicholas , Dowless Michele S. , Ortiz Ruiz Maria Jesus , Yu Chunping , Puca Loredana , Klippel Anke , Bacchion Francesca , Ismail-Khan Roohi , Rodrik-Outmezguine Vanessa , Peng Sheng-Bin , Lallena María Jose , Gong Xueqian , de Dios Alfonso
Published: February 2025

Imlunestrant, elacestrant, and fulvestrant mediated ER degradation, PGR gene inhibition and cell proliferation inhibition in T-47D parental and T-47D ESR1-Y537N cells.
Supplementary Data Figure 2 from A Potent, Selective, Small-Molecule Inhibitor of DHX9 Abrogates Proliferation of Microsatellite Instable Cancers with Deficient Mismatch Repair
Authors: Castro Jennifer , Daniels Matthew H. , Brennan David , Johnston Brian , Gotur Deepali , Lee Young-Tae , Knockenhauer Kevin E. , Lu Chuang , Wu Jie , Nayak Sunaina , Collins Cindy , Bansal Rishabh , Buker Shane M. , Case April , Liu Julie , Yao Shihua , Sparling Brian A. , Sickmier E. Allen , Silver Serena J. , Blakemore Stephen J. , Boriack-Sjodin P. Ann , Duncan Kenneth W. , Ribich Scott , Copeland Robert A.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Data Figure 2
Table S2 from Breast Cancer Subtype–Specific Organotropism Is Dictated by FOXF2-Regulated Metastatic Dormancy and Recovery
Authors: Jiang Wen-Jing , Zhou Tian-Hao , Huang Huan-Jing , Li Lin-Sen , Tan Hao , Zhang Rui , Wang Qing-Shan , Feng Yu-Mei
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table 2
Table S9 from Mapping of the T-cell Landscape of Biliary Tract Cancer Unravels Anatomic Subtype-Specific Heterogeneity
Authors: Nie Jianhua , Zhang Shuyuan , Guo Ying , Liu Caiqi , Shi Jiaqi , Wu Haotian , Na Ruisi , Liang Yingjian , Yu Shan , Quan Fei , Liu Kun , Li Mingwei , Zhou Meng , Zhao Ying , Li Xuehan , Luo Shengnan , Zhang Qian , Wang Guangyu , Zhang Yanqiao , Yao Yuanfei , Xiao Yun , Tai Sheng , Zheng Tongsen
Published: February 2025

The predicted binding sites of transcription factors identified from scRNA-seq data on the CXCL13, utilizing the JASPAR database.
Table S8 from Mapping of the T-cell Landscape of Biliary Tract Cancer Unravels Anatomic Subtype-Specific Heterogeneity
Authors: Nie Jianhua , Zhang Shuyuan , Guo Ying , Liu Caiqi , Shi Jiaqi , Wu Haotian , Na Ruisi , Liang Yingjian , Yu Shan , Quan Fei , Liu Kun , Li Mingwei , Zhou Meng , Zhao Ying , Li Xuehan , Luo Shengnan , Zhang Qian , Wang Guangyu , Zhang Yanqiao , Yao Yuanfei , Xiao Yun , Tai Sheng , Zheng Tongsen
Published: February 2025

The gene set enrichment analysis of TIL-T in three anatomical subtypes of BTC.
Figure S8 from Mapping of the T-cell Landscape of Biliary Tract Cancer Unravels Anatomic Subtype-Specific Heterogeneity
Authors: Nie Jianhua , Zhang Shuyuan , Guo Ying , Liu Caiqi , Shi Jiaqi , Wu Haotian , Na Ruisi , Liang Yingjian , Yu Shan , Quan Fei , Liu Kun , Li Mingwei , Zhou Meng , Zhao Ying , Li Xuehan , Luo Shengnan , Zhang Qian , Wang Guangyu , Zhang Yanqiao , Yao Yuanfei , Xiao Yun , Tai Sheng , Zheng Tongsen
Published: February 2025

The TCR overlap pattern of TIL-T among different anatomical subtypes of BTC.
Figure S4 from Mapping of the T-cell Landscape of Biliary Tract Cancer Unravels Anatomic Subtype-Specific Heterogeneity
Authors: Nie Jianhua , Zhang Shuyuan , Guo Ying , Liu Caiqi , Shi Jiaqi , Wu Haotian , Na Ruisi , Liang Yingjian , Yu Shan , Quan Fei , Liu Kun , Li Mingwei , Zhou Meng , Zhao Ying , Li Xuehan , Luo Shengnan , Zhang Qian , Wang Guangyu , Zhang Yanqiao , Yao Yuanfei , Xiao Yun , Tai Sheng , Zheng Tongsen
Published: February 2025

The distribution of T cell clusters in tissue origin.
Supplementary Materials 1 from Human Papilloma Virus Circulating Cell-Free DNA Kinetics in Patients with Cervical Cancer Undergoing Definitive Chemoradiation
Authors: Seo Aaron , Xiao Weihong , Gjyshi Olsi , Yoshida-Court Kyoko , Wei Peng , Swanson David , Cisneros Napravnik Tatiana , Grippin Adam , Venkatesan Aradhana M. , Jacobsen Megan C. , Fuentes David T. , Lynn Erica , Sammouri Julie , Jhingran Anuja , Joyner Melissa , Lin Lilie L. , Colbert Lauren E. , Gillison Maura L. , Klopp Ann H.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figures and Tables
Supplementary Table S2 from HMGA2 Expression Predicts Subtype, Survival, and Treatment Outcome in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yamamoto Naomi , Dobersch Stephanie , Loveless Ian , Samraj Annie N. , Jang Gun Ho , Haraguchi Miki , Kang Liang-I. , Ruzinova Marianna B. , Vij Kiran R. , Mudd Jacqueline L. , Walsh Thomas , Safyan Rachael A. , Chiorean Elena Gabriela , Hingorani Sunil R. , Bolton Nathan M. , Li Li , Fields Ryan C. , DeNardo David G. , Notta Faiyaz , Crawford Howard C. , Steele Nina G. , Kugel Sita
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S2. mIHC Panel.
Supplementary Table S1 from HMGA2 Expression Predicts Subtype, Survival, and Treatment Outcome in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yamamoto Naomi , Dobersch Stephanie , Loveless Ian , Samraj Annie N. , Jang Gun Ho , Haraguchi Miki , Kang Liang-I. , Ruzinova Marianna B. , Vij Kiran R. , Mudd Jacqueline L. , Walsh Thomas , Safyan Rachael A. , Chiorean Elena Gabriela , Hingorani Sunil R. , Bolton Nathan M. , Li Li , Fields Ryan C. , DeNardo David G. , Notta Faiyaz , Crawford Howard C. , Steele Nina G. , Kugel Sita
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S1. Cohort Demographics.
Supplementary Table S1 from Complete Remissions of HER2-Positive Trastuzumab-Resistant Xenografts Using a Potent [225Ac]Ac-Labeled Anti-HER2 Antibody–Drug Radioconjugate
Authors: Pougoue Ketchemen Jessica , Njotu Fabrice Ngoh , Babeker Hanan , Monzer Alissar , Nwangele Emmanuel , Tikum Anjong Florence , Henning Nikita , Hassani Nava , Frye Sarah , Perron Randy , Byrne Chris , Didychuk Candice , Qi Qi , Bannister Laura , Doroudi Alireza , Fonge Humphrey
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Table S1: Area under the curve (AUC) of internalized antibody and ADCs in HCC1954 and JIMT-1 HER2 cell lines studies over a 48-hours incubation period
Supplementary Figure S5 from The Prostaglandin EP4 Antagonist Vorbipiprant Combined with PD-1 Blockade for Refractory Microsatellite-Stable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Phase Ib/IIa Trial
Authors: Pietrantonio Filippo , Morano Federica , Niger Monica , Ghelardi Filippo , Chiodoni Claudia , Palazzo Michele , Nichetti Federico , Manca Paolo , Cristarella Eleonora , Doldi Valentina , Zaffaroni Nadia , Sabella Giovanna , Brambilla Nadia , Benincasa Elena , Giacovelli Giampaolo , Vitalini Cristina , Girolami Federica , Rovati Lucio C.
Published: February 2025

Supplementary Figure S5. Analysis of the DetermaIO immune related gene signature.