bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Population Pharmacokinetics of Orvacabtagene Autoleucel, an Autologous BCMA-Directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Product, in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Hu Hongxiang , Li Yan , Piasecki Julia , Hosseyni Daniela , Yan Zhicheng , Liu Xianghong , Ogasawara Ken , Zhou Simon , Cheng Yiming
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Orvacabtagene autoleucel (orva-cel; JCARH125), a chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy targeting B-cell maturation antigen, was evaluated in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in the EVOLVE phase I/II study (NCT03430011). We applied a modified piecewise model to characterize orva-cel transgene kinetics and assessed the impact of various covariates on its pharmacokinetics (PK).

Experimental Design:

The population PK analysis included 159 patients from the EVOLVE study. Traditional piecewise models, employing a first-order expansion rate with or without lag time followed by a biexponential contraction phase, were compared with a modified model incorporating a cell number-dependent expansion phase aligned with cellular physiology. Covariates assessed encompassed baseline demographics, dose levels (50–600 × 106 CD3+ chimeric antigen receptor+ T cells), prior/concomitant medications, baseline disease burden, and antitherapeutic antibody status.

Results:

Traditional piecewise models failed to accurately describe maximum orva-cel transgene level (Cmax) and underestimated the time to Cmax (Tmax). Our modified model incorporating a cell number–dependent expansion rate outperformed traditional models by (i) more accurately capturing the cellular expansion phase and (ii) yielding a Tmax that closely matches observed values. Additionally, dose level, percentage of plasma cells in bone marrow, and treatment-induced antitherapeutic antibody were identified as statistically significant covariates and associated with orva-cel expansion and/or persistence.

Conclusions:

Orva-cel PK was adequately described by the modified piecewise model incorporating a cell number–dependent expansion phase, which aligns closely with T-cell biology.
Randomized Phase II Study of Bevacizumab with Weekly Anetumab Ravtansine or Weekly Paclitaxel in Platinum-Resistant/Refractory High-Grade Ovarian Cancer (NCI Trial)
Authors: Alqaisi Husam A. , Cohn David E. , Chern Jing-Yi , Duska Linda R. , Jewell Andrea , Corr Bradley R. , Winer Ira Seth , Girda Eugenia , Crispens Marta A. , Dhani Neesha C. , Madariaga Ainhoa , Grant Robert C. , Malaguti Matthew , Lee Crystal , Bowering Valerie , Wong Horace , Poothullil Andrew , Speers Vanessa , Wang Lisa , Bedard Philippe L. , Brady John C. , Nixon Andrew B. , Chen Li , O’Connor Claire , Zamboni William , McKee Tawyna , Moscow Jeffrey A. , Oza Amit M. , Lheureux Stephanie
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Mesothelin (MSLN) is highly expressed in high-grade serous/endometrioid ovarian cancers (HGOC). Anetumab ravtansine (AR) is an antibody–drug conjugate directed at the MSLN antigen with a tubulin polymerization inhibitor. We assessed the safety, activity, and pharmacokinetics of the combination AR/bevacizumab (Bev; ARB) versus weekly paclitaxel/Bev (PB) in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory HGOC (prrHGOC).

Patients and Methods:

Following a run-in phase I study to assess ARB safety, patients with prrHGOC with centrally confirmed MSLN-positive expression were randomized to ARB or PB (weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 with Bev 10 mg/kg biweekly). Patients were stratified by platinum resistance/refractory and prior Bev. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints were overall response rate, safety, and blood-based angiome biomarker assessment. A futility analysis was planned after 35 PFS events.

Results:

The combination of Bev (10 mg/kg) biweekly with AR (2.2 mg/kg) weekly was well tolerated. About phase II results, MSLN positivity was 88%, and 57 patients were randomized (28 ARB and 29 PB). Forty-two percentage of patients received prior Bev, and 23% were platinum-refractory. At futility analysis, the median PFS was 5.3 and 12.7 months for ARB and PB, respectively [P = 0.03; HR = 2.02 (1.06–3.86)]. The overall response rate was 21% with ARB and 65% with PB. The most common treatment-related grade ≥3 adverse events were anemia (18%) with ARB and neutropenia (24%) with PB. Higher baseline levels of circulating IL6 were associated with worse PFS, and its levels decreased with PB treatment.

Conclusions:

Our study stopped at interim analysis highlighting the benefit of PB in prrHGOC as the standard of care.
Targeting Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism for Radiosensitization of KRAS Mutant 3D Lung Cancer Models
Authors: Lu Shan , Pan Xiao , Volckova Eva , Shinde Anjali , Fuller Schuyler R. , Egan Regina , Ma Jianli , Kung Jong , Ott Christopher J. , Hata Aaron N. , Benes Cyril H. , Kang Jing X. , Willers Henning
Published: January 2025

Mutations in the KRAS oncogene can mediate resistance to radiation. KRAS mutation–driven tumors have been reported to express cancer stem cell (CSC)-like features and may harbor metabolic liabilities through which CSC-associated radioresistance can be overcome. We established a radiation/drug screening approach that relies on the growth of 3D spheres under anchorage-independent and lipid-limiting culture conditions, which promote stemness and lipogenesis. In this format, we screened 32 KRAS mutation–enriched lung cancer models. As predicted from published data, CB-839, a glutaminase inhibitor, displayed the highest degree of radiosensitization in KRAS mutant models with LKB1 co-mutations. Radiosensitization by inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) displayed a similar genotype preference though the data also implicated KEAP1 co-mutation and SCD1 expression as potential predictors of radiosensitization. In an isogenic model, KRAS mutant cells were characterized by increased SCD1 expression and a higher ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition or depletion of SCD1 radiosensitized isogenic KRAS mutant but not wild-type cells. The radiosensitizing effect was notably small, especially compared with several DNA repair inhibitors. As an alternative strategy to targeting monounsaturated fatty acid metabolism, adding polyunsaturated fatty acids phenocopied some aspects of SCD1 inhibition, suppressed tumor growth in vivo, and opposed the CSC-like phenotype of KRAS mutant cells. In conclusion, we report a 3D screening approach that recapitulates clinically relevant features of KRAS mutant tumors and can be leveraged for therapeutic targeting of metabolic vulnerabilities. Our data highlight pronounced intertumoral heterogeneity in radiation/drug responses and the complexity of underlying genomic dependencies.
Age at First Full-term Pregnancy and Other Reproductive Factors Are Associated with Mammographic Breast Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Study in Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Vandeloo Magda J. , Kellen Eliane , Fang Carolyn Y. , Ross Eric A. , Vancoillie Liesbeth , Bruckers Liesbeth M. , Neven Kristof Y. , Bijnens Esmée M. , Nawrot Tim S. , Van Ongeval Chantal
Published: January 2025

This study evaluated the association between age at first full-term pregnancy (FFTP) and mammographic breast density (MBD) in postmenopausal women. A total of 1,034 women, ages 50 to 69 years, were recruited from the Flemish (Belgium) population–based breast cancer screening program. Participants completed a questionnaire on lifestyle and reproductive factors. From mammography, we assessed the percentage glandular tissue of the total breast volume (GLAND), the volumetric breast density (VBD), and the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) density classification. For statistical analysis, we used the piecewise linear regression model. The average age at FFTP was 26.1 years. Among women with an FFTP > 25.7 years, an each year increase in FFTP age was associated with a 1.17% increase in GLAND [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.20%–2.46%; P = 0.041] and a 1.45% increase in VBD (95% CI, 0.18%–2.75%; P = 0.026). Similarly, the odds of a higher BI-RADS classification increased by 5.0% (95% CI, 0.0%–11.0%; P = 0.059) for each year increase in FFTP age after 25.7 years. For every year delay in age at menarche, a 2.48% higher GLAND (95% CI, 0.43%–4.57%; P = 0.017) and a 2.45% higher VBD (95% CI, 0.38%–4.56%; P ≤ 0.020) were observed. Ever use of oral contraceptive resulted in a 12.24% decrease in GLAND (95% CI, −20.90% to −2.63%; P = 0.014) and a 13.48% decrease in VBD (95% CI, −22.1% to −3.91%; P = 0.007). MBD is significantly higher when FFTP takes place after 25.7 years. Later age at menarche is associated with higher MBD, whereas ever use of oral contraceptive is associated with lower MBD at postmenopause.

Significance:

We consider our findings to be highly novel, and to the best of our knowledge, our study is one of the first to investigate associations between age at FFTP and three markers of MBD (GLAND, VBD, and BI-RADS), uncovering that MBD is significantly higher when FFTP occurs after 25.7 years.
The Change of Ciliary Muscle-Trabecular Meshwork-Schlemm Canal Complex after Phacoemulsification using Swept-Source-Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Li Zhangliang , Wu Xueer , Ji Xinpei , Zhu Zehui , Zhe Nan , Zhao Yun-e
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Cataract surgery has been reported to have a reducing effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous eyes. This effect seems to be more noticeable in eyes with narrow angles (NAs) than in eyes with open angles (OAs). Decrease in IOP may be a result of the increase in anterior chamber angle and Schlemm canal (SC) after cataract surgery. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the relationship between Schlemm canal-cross-sectional area (SC-CSA) changes and trabecular meshwork, ciliary muscle changes after cataract surgery and the difference in non-glaucomatous eyes with NAs and OAs. Methods: IOP, SC-CSA, Schlemm canal diameter (SCD), trabecular meshwork width (TMW) and thickness (TMT), trabecular-iris angle at 500 µm from the scleral spur (TIA500), and the distance between the inner apex of the ciliary muscle and scleral spur (IA-SS) were measured by swept-source-optical coherence tomography preoperatively and 1-week post-surgery. Patients were divided into NA and OA groups according to the degree of TIA500, and SC-CSA-related parameters were compared. Results: Seventy-five patients (89 eyes) were included. IOP significantly decreased, SC-CSA, SCD, TMW, TMT, and TIA500 significantly increased post-surgery (p < 0.001). Changes in nasal SC-CSA were associated with TMW (p = 0.003) and TIA500 (p < 0.001) changes; changes in temporal SC-CSA were associated with TMW (p = 0.001) and TMT (p < 0.001) changes. SC-CSA expansion was correlated with changes in TMW (β3.726 ± 1.085, p = 0.001 nasally; β3.405 ± 0.945, p = 0.001 temporally), TMT (β5.224 ± 2.033, p = 0.012 nasally; β11.853 ± 3.059, p < 0.001 temporally), and TIA500 (β40.330 ± 15.100, p = 0.009 nasally; β35.453 ± 17.527, p = 0.047 temporally). There was no association between SC-CSA expansion and IA-SS changes. SC-CSA expansion was greater in the NAs than in the OAs group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Cataract surgery results in IOP reduction and SC-CSA expansion. Increased SC-CSA correlates with increases in TMW, TMT, and TIA500. SC-CSA increased more in NAs than in OAs group post-surgery, which may explain the greater decrease in IOP in eyes with NAs.
Non-Canonical TERT Activity Initiates Osteogenesis in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Cuevas Rolando A. , Hortells Luis , Chu Claire C. , Wong Ryan , Crane Alex , Boufford Camille K. , Regan Cailyn , Moorhead William J. , Bashline Michael J. , Parwal Aneesha , Parise Angelina M. , Behzadi Parya , Brown Mark J. , Gurkar Aditi U. , Bruemmer Dennis , Sembrat John , Sultan Ibrahim , Gleason Thomas G. , Billaud Marie , St. Hilaire Cynthia
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:

Calcific aortic valve disease is the pathological remodeling of valve leaflets. The initial steps in valve leaflet osteogenic reprogramming are not fully understood. As TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) overexpression primes mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts, we investigated whether TERT contributes to the osteogenic reprogramming of valve interstitial cells.

METHODS:

Human control and calcific aortic valve disease aortic valve leaflets and patient-specific human aortic valve interstitial cells were used in in vivo and in vitro calcification assays. Loss of function experiments in human aortic valve interstitial cells and cells isolated from
Tert

−/−

and
Terc

−/−

mice were used for mechanistic studies. Calcification was assessed in
Tert

+/+

and
Tert

−/−

mice ex vivo and in vivo. In silico modeling, proximity ligation, and coimmunoprecipitation assays defined novel TERT interacting partners. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and cleavage under targets and tagmentation sequencing defined protein-DNA interactions.

RESULTS:

TERT protein was highly expressed in calcified valve leaflets without changes in telomere length, DNA damage, or senescence markers, and these features were retained in isolated primary human aortic valve interstitial cells.
TERT
expression increased with osteogenic or inflammatory stimuli, and knockdown or genetic deletion of
TERT
prevented calcification in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, TERT was upregulated via NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa B) and required to initiate osteogenic reprogramming, independent of its canonical reverse transcriptase activity and the long noncoding RNA
TERC
. TERT exerts non-canonical osteogenic functions via binding with STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5). Depletion or inhibition of STAT5 prevented calcification. STAT5 was found to bind the promoter region of RUNX2 (runt-related transcription factor 2), the master regulator of osteogenic reprogramming. Finally, we demonstrate that TERT and STAT5 are upregulated and colocalized in calcific aortic valve disease tissue compared with control tissue.

CONCLUSIONS:

TERT’s non-canonical activity is required to initiate calcification. TERT is upregulated via inflammatory signaling pathways and partners with STAT5 to bind the RUNX2 gene promoter. These data identify a novel mechanism and potential therapeutic target to decrease vascular calcification.
Localizing hierarchical prediction errors and precisions during an oddball task with volatility: Computational insights and relationship with psychosocial functioning in healthy individuals
Authors: Charlton Colleen E. , Hauke Daniel J. , Wobmann Michelle , de Bock Renate , Andreou Christina , Borgwardt Stefan , Roth Volker , Diaconescu Andreea O.
Published: January 2025

The auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) has been widely used to investigate deficits in early auditory information processing, particularly in psychosis. Predictive coding theories suggest that impairments in sensory learning may arise from disturbances in hierarchical message passing, likely due to aberrant precision-weighting of prediction errors (PEs). This study employed a modified auditory oddball paradigm with varying phases of stability and volatility to disentangle the impact of hierarchical PEs on auditory MMN generation in 43 healthy controls (HCs). Single-trial EEG data were modeled with a hierarchical Bayesian model of learning to identify neural correlates of low-level PEs about tones and high-level PEs about environmental volatility. Our analysis revealed a reduced expression of the auditory MMN in volatile compared to stable phases of the paradigm. Additionally, lower Global Functioning (GF): Social scores were associated with a reduced difference waveform at 332 ms after stimulus presentation across the entire MMN paradigm. Further analysis revealed that this association was present during the volatile phase but not the stable phase of the paradigm. Source reconstruction suggested that the association between the stable difference waveform and psychosocial functioning originated in the left superior temporal gyrus. Finally, we found significant EEG signatures of both low- and high-level PEs and precision ratios. Our findings highlight the value of computational models in understanding the neural mechanisms involved in early auditory information processing and their connection to psychosocial functioning.
Enhancing human activity recognition model performance through KMeans-based stratified data splitting
Authors: Trung Tuyen Nguyen , Thanh Dang Nguyen , Hon Minh Duong , Nguyen Thanh Q.
Published: January 2025

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) plays a crucial role in healthcare, sports, security, and human-computer interaction. A major challenge in HAR is the imbalance and uneven distribution of features between the training and testing datasets, leading to biased machine learning models and reduced prediction performance. This study proposes a novel approach that combines clustering of KMeans with a stratified data splitting strategy. By utilizing clusters generated from KMeans, this method ensures that both the training and testing datasets contain representative features from all clusters, improving the model’s reliability and generalizability. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is used to assess the uniformity of the feature distribution. Experimental results demonstrate that this method significantly enhances model accuracy and performance, achieving an accuracy of 98.58%, a Recall score of 98.66%, a Precision score of 98.65%, and an F1 score of 98.65%. These findings not only improve the effectiveness of current HAR models, but also open new research avenues for optimizing feature distribution in complex, multidimensional problems.
Enhancing ‘Best Practice’ in trauma-informed police education: Insights from a study exploring police educators’ and student officers’ classroom-based experiences
Authors: Lonbay Sarah , Cavener John
Published: January 2025

This paper presents findings of a study highlighting police educators’ and student officers’ experiences of teaching and learning trauma-material in the classroom. Study participants included six police educators and eight student officers. Methodology included educator semi-structured interviews, student self-reporting surveys and deductive analysis. Comparable textual data coded as themes indicative of trauma-informed teaching included: (1) ensuring safety (2) maximising choice (3) encouraging collaboration (4) establishing trustworthiness (5) prioritising empowerment and (6) promoting resilience. Findings highlight variable trauma-informed teaching practices and how knowledge trauma risk in the classroom was embedded in pedagogical practice(s). Educators’ application of trauma-informed pedagogical principles to enhance students’ psychological safety in classroom settings is evidenced as ‘best practice’.
Extracellular vesicles in ZIKV infection: Carriers and facilitators of viral pathogenesis?
Authors: Calderón-Peláez María-Angélica , Castellanos Jaime E. , Velandia-Romero Myriam L.
Published: January 2025

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus of significant epidemiological importance, utilizing various transmission strategies and infecting “immune privileged tissues” during both the pre- and postnatal periods. One such transmission method may involve extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs can travel long distances without degrading, carrying complex messages that trigger different responses in recipient cells. They can easily cross specialized tissue barriers, such as the placental barrier and the blood-brain barrier, which protects the central nervous system. It is known that some viruses can hijack and exploit the EVs biogenesis machinery to package regulatory elements, viral segments, and even complete viral genomes. This allows them to evade the immune system, amplify their tropism, and enhance their spread. ZIKV likely uses EVs produced by infected cells to insert its genomic RNA or parts of it. This mechanism can ensure viral entry and infection of the nervous tissue, partly explaining its broad viral tropism and silent persistence in various tissues and organs for months. This narrative review summarizes the main features of ZIKV and EVs, highlighting the most recent evidence on the involvement and effects of EVs during ZIKV infection. It also discusses the possibility of EVs acting as carriers of ZIKV through the nervous tissue.
Improving Cross-Cultural Comparability of Measures on Gender and Age Stereotypes by Means of Piloting Methods
Authors: Menold Natalja , Hadler Patricia , Neuert Cornelia
Published: January 2025

The study addresses the effects of piloting methods on the cross-cultural comparability and reliability of the measurement of gender and age stereotypes. We conducted a summative evaluation of expert reviews, cognitive pretests and web probing. We first piloted a gender role, an ageism, and a children stereotypes instrument in German and American English. We then randomly assigned the original and piloted versions to respondents in Germany and the United States using an online survey experiment and quota samples. No configural invariance was shown by the original instruments and the reliability of the gender role instrument was insufficiently low. The results show that piloting methods increased reliability and improved measurement invariance, although the effects varied by topic. Cross-cultural expert reviews and web probing provided more consistent results than other methods. A combination of web probing and cross-cultural expert reviews can maximize both reliability and measurement invariance.
Inclusive horizons: School psychologists’ efficacy profiles in inclusive education
Authors: Gaitas Sérgio , Pipa Joana , Botelho Margarida
Published: January 2025

School psychology practice is evolving toward embracing inclusive education as a barrier-removing process. This transition emphasizes equity and collaboration, shifting from conventional individual-focused approaches to a broader ecological framework. In this study, within Portugal's inclusive education framework, we examined the perceived efficacy and frequency of inclusive education practices of 464 school psychologists. A latent profile analysis based on the perceived efficacy identified three distinct profiles: the individual-focused approach profile (11%) viewed their practices as least effective, focusing mainly on individual student assessment; the community-focused approach profile (44%) perceived their practices as highly effective, aligning with contemporary inclusive approaches; and the transitional approach profile (45%) felt their practices were moderately effective. The results indicate a trend toward providing more indirect services by supporting teachers, families, and the broader school community, rather than direct student assessment and counselling in the context of inclusive education. These findings offer crucial insights into the diverse perceptions and practices of school psychologists. Yet, they highlight the need to address the challenges faced by school psychologists in applying more diversified practices. Appropriate support strategies and customized professional development are needed to overcome those challenges. Such strategies are essential to enhance the role of school psychologists in promoting inclusive education.
Dynamic characteristics and safety analysis of drill strings in deepwater open hole drilling
Authors: Huang Fangfei , Yang Jin , Liu Shujie , Song Yu , Li Bin
Published: January 2025

Open hole drilling is expected to become the mainstream technology for ultra-deepwater applications. During ultra-deepwater drilling, the drill string is influenced by oceanic wind, waves, and currents, resulting in highly complex mechanical behavior. The selection of operating sea conditions and parameters is constrained, posing significant challenges to the efficiency of deepwater oil and gas extraction and ocean drilling operations. Current research on the dynamics of open hole drilling typically analyzes either the seawater section or the formation section without considering the entire drill string. In reality, the vortex-induced vibration of drill string in seawater section interacts with formation section vibration. Ignoring either the formation or oceanic loads can lead to inaccurate predictions. Therefore, this study proposes a drill string mudline boundary condition that connects seawater and formation sections. Based on the principle of finite-element method, we design a dynamic analysis model for the whole drilling string in open drilling operation. Considering the interaction of various load factors, we systematically analyze the dynamic behavior of drill string in the whole well. Furthermore, the effects of the weight on the bit and surface flow rate on the dynamic characteristics of the drill string in both the seawater and formation sections are discussed.
Self-care Against the Grain: Normative Negotiations in Contraceptive Self-Tracking
Authors: Algera Ellen
Published: January 2025

Critical sociologists argue that reproductive self-tracking applications (apps) intensify existing norms regarding the female body. Yet, we have little empirical data on how self-care practiced with such apps relates to existing norms regarding the reproductive body in practice. Drawing on data from interviews with and solicited dairies from Dutch app users, I analyze contraceptive self-tracking practices as a form of self-care that renegotiates social norms. This study asks: In their everyday tracking, how do users of contraceptive apps grapple with social norms and expectations surrounding their body? Results reveal that self-care includes practices of attunement to and appreciation of the body that provide strategies to negotiate, navigate, and mitigate social norms and expectations. App users uphold ideals of femininity, the “natural” body, and “natural” cycles while also mobilizing them to thwart other norms and expectations, such as pressure to be productive and the expectation to take hormonal contraception. In what I call strategic nostalgia, users play social norms off each other to shape their lives in meaningful ways. This article aims to deepen understanding of everyday self-care practiced with reproductive self-tracking technologies through a praxiography of self-care that countervails analyses of reproductive self-tracking focused on discourse and app design.
Factors influencing the adoption of artificial intelligence in libraries: A systematic literature review
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Khan Shakeel Ahmad , Iqbal Abid , Ahmed Shakil , Javeed Asfa Muhammed Din , Mohamed Osama
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to identify the factors influencing the adoption of artificial intelligence applications in libraries, find out the associated challenges with the adoption of AI apps, and develop a framework to effectively implement AI tools in libraries. A systematic literature review (SLR) was applied to address the study's objectives. 30 most relevant research papers published in impact factor journals were selected to conduct the study. Findings of the study showed that four major factors influenced the adoption of AI in libraries. These factors included transformation of library services, provision of innovative services, librarians and users’ satisfaction, and technological revolution. The study manifested that technological challenges, skills and knowledge barriers, financial challenges, and organizational and cultural barriers caused barriers for librarians to adopt AI apps in libraries. The study has added valuable literature to the existing body of knowledge. It has developed framework on evidence based datasets to adopt AI apps in libraries effectively and efficiently.
Effect of immersion corrosion time on the corrosion performance of welded joints of bimetallic composite pipes
Authors: Wang Wenqiang , Niu Ben , Sun Yanqing , Wang Xiaogang , Zhang Dichao , Yang Mei
Published: January 2025

In this study, the corrosion behaviour of X65MS/ N08825 composite pipe welded joints during immersion was investigated using an electrochemical workstation and scanning electrochemical microscopy techniques. When the immersion time was more than 24 h, significant corrosion craters appeared in the weld area, with a maximum depth of 7.05 μm, and the corresponding self-corrosion potentials and self-corrosion current densities were −781 mV and 11.82 μA/cm². When the immersion time was extended to 48 h, the depth of the corrosion crater further increased to 15.23 μm, and the self-corrosion potential and self-corrosion current density were −816 mV and 23.73 μA/cm², respectively.
Differentiating and Synthesizing Socially Responsible Consumption: A Multi-Level Conceptual Framework and Future Research Directions
Authors: Sharma Vaibhav , Banerji Diptiman , Saha Victor
Published: January 2025

Important societal and environmental issues need to be addressed in the current day. The study of socially responsible consumption (SRC) has emerged as a discipline that prepares academics and professionals to act as communities capable of addressing such issues. We aim to extend the current knowledge of SRC in the business and management domains by first differentiating the concept from other interchangeably used concepts such as ‘ethical consumption,” ‘green consumption,” ‘socially conscious consumption,’ and ‘sustainable consumption,’ followed by a systematic literature review approach. We show that SRC is conceptually distinct and encompasses the broadest scope compared to the four similar concepts within the business and management domains. Furthermore, a systematic review of 64 articles published over the past decade (2013–2023) has revealed various themes related to consumers, consumption, firms, and products. We discuss these themes from both macro and micro perspectives and develop a multi-level conceptual framework to advance the holistic understanding of SRC in business and management domains. Additionally, we outline future research avenues for each theme at both the macro and micro levels as well as in terms of theory, context, and methods. Ultimately, this study enriches the knowledge of SRC in the business and management domains by (A) differentiating the construct and defining its conceptual boundaries, (B) synthesizing SRC research and identifying emerging research themes at both macro and micro levels, and (C) offering a multi-level conceptual framework and potential future research directions (FRDs).
A size-dependent closure criterion for slab corner defects during vertical rolling process based on mathematical method
Authors: Boxin Yang , Shuangmin Li , Congpeng Shao , Qi An
Published: January 2025

The compression behaviour of slab corner defect in vertical rolling process is studied theoretically. In order to analyse the initial corner defect, a gamma distribution-cubic function edge deformation model is put forward. The plastic flow is analysed according to the properties of stream function and the principle of volume invariant. By using geometrical approximation yield criterion and Pavlov projection principle, the plastic deformation power, shear power, friction power and cracking power are derived. The numerical solution is obtained by minimising the total power functional, and a closure criterion of corner defect is obtained. The accuracy is well verified by comparing with experiments and FEM. Taking the typical triangular prism defect as an example, the influences of defect size on edge deformation, rolling force and critical cracking parameters are discussed. With the defect size increasing, the dog-bone peak moves outwards, the peak height increases, and the rolling force decreases. The ratio of shear power slightly decreases while the ratio of the other three types of power increases. As the defect size increases, the critical width reduction decreases, the critical radius increases, and the critical friction factor reduces. The proposed method can be helpful for improving the edge quality of steel slab and optimising hot rolling process.
Exploring professional reasoning in occupational therapy: A scoping review of recent research
Authors: Sánchez-Zamorano Soledad , Rolack-Jaramillo Samanta , Ossandón-Pérez MaríaPaz , Moruno-Miralles Pedro
Published: January 2025

Background:

Professional reasoning in occupational therapy has become a key line of research. Updating and analyzing recent publications is crucial for the discipline. The objective of the research was to describe new findings and changes in the characteristics of research on professional reasoning in occupational therapy between 2019 and 2023.

Method:

A scoping review was used with the aim of identifying the development and scope of the literature on professional reasoning in occupational therapy from 2019 to 2023. The review was conducted in five stages following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Results:

Seventy-six articles were described in terms of their nature and volume under the following categories: specific fields of practice, educational strategies for professional reasoning, theoretical discussions, and instruments related to professional reasoning. New findings include two professional reasoning modalities, five practice-related areas, and intervention programs that had not been previously described. Additionally, there has been an increase in the use of mixed methods.

Conclusion:

This scoping review identifies the nature and volume of literature on professional reasoning in recent years. The study reveals consolidated research lines focused on practice and teaching, alongside new findings and changes observed in recent studies.
Return to Sport and Graft Failure Rates After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With a Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Versus Hamstring Tendon Autograft: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Connors John Patrick , Cusano Antonio , Saleet Jayson , Hao Kevin A. , Efremov Kristian , Parisien Robert L. , Seil Romain , Li Xinning
Published: January 2025

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are frequent injuries in athletes that often require surgical reconstruction so that patients may return to their previous levels of performance. While existing data on patient-reported outcomes are similar between bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB) and hamstring tendon (HT) autografts, the literature regarding return to sport (RTS), return to previous levels of sport activity, and graft failure rate remains limited.

Purpose:

To compare rates of RTS, return to previous activity levels, and graft retears among athletes undergoing primary ACL reconstruction using a BTB versus HT autograft.

Study Design:

Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

The MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were queried, and studies reporting on RTS after primary ACL reconstruction using a BTB or HT autograft were included. Exclusion criteria included revision reconstruction, ACL repair, quadriceps tendon autografts, allografts, graft augmentation, or double-bundle autografts. Rates of RTS, return to previous levels of activity, and retears were extracted and analyzed across included studies.

Results:

A total of 33 articles met inclusion criteria, with a patient cohort of 4810 athletes. The overall RTS rate for all athletes was 80.4% (95% CI, 75.3%-84.6%) at a mean follow-up of 35.7 months, with 54.6% (95% CI, 48.5%-60.6%) returning to preinjury levels of activity. No significant difference was found between BTB and HT autografts with respect to rates of RTS, return to preinjury activity levels, or reruptures. The overall RTS rate in patients after primary ACL reconstruction with a BTB autograft was 83.3% (95% CI, 77.0%-88.2%), with 56.1% (95% CI, 49.3%-62.7%) returning to preinjury levels of activity. Conversely, the overall RTS rate in patients after primary ACL reconstruction with an HT autograft was 77.9% (95% CI, 70.3%-84.0%), with 53.5% (95% CI, 42.8%-63.9%) returning to preinjury levels of activity. The overall graft rerupture rate for the entire patient cohort was 3.6% (95% CI, 2.5%-5.1%), for patients with BTB grafts was 3.2% (95% CI, 1.9%-5.3%), and for patients with HT grafts was 4.4% (95% CI, 2.8%-6.8%).

Conclusion:

Primary ACL reconstruction using BTB autografts demonstrated similar rates of RTS, return to previous activity levels, and reruptures compared with reconstruction using HT autografts.
A Descriptive Analysis of the Seasonal Patterns of Bone Stress Injury Incidence in Division I Collegiate Distance Runners
Authors: Wolff Axel , Kurina Lianne M. , Sainani Kristin L. , Tenforde Adam S. , Nattiv Aurelia , Fredericson Michael
Published: January 2025

Background:

A bone stress injury (BSI) is a common overuse injury in collegiate athletes, particularly cross-country and track and field runners. Limited work describes the seasonality of BSIs or the differences in rates and anatomic locations of BSIs in collegiate runners.

Purpose:

To describe seasonally related trends in anatomic locations of BSIs in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I male and female middle- and long-distance runners.

Study Design:

Descriptive epidemiological study.

Methods:

Data from a 7-year prospective study of 2 NCAA Division I cross-country and track and field programs characterized BSIs over the years 2013 to 2020. Femoral neck, pelvic, sacral, lumbar spine, and calcaneal BSIs were considered trabecular-rich. All remaining BSIs were classified as cortical-rich. Total athlete-years of follow-up were calculated by subtracting the number of days an athlete was unable to run from the number of total study participation days. Annual incidence rates were calculated by dividing the number of BSIs by the total athlete-years of follow-up for that year, and monthly incidence rates were calculated by dividing the number of BSIs in a given month by the total athlete-years of follow-up for that month.

Results:

Participants included 221 collegiate distance runners (114 female, 107 male). There were 154 BSIs across 482 total athlete-years, resulting in an incidence rate of 32 BSIs per 100 athlete-years. The female BSI rate was more than double that of the male BSI rate: 45 versus 20 BSIs per 100 athlete-years, respectively. The highest monthly BSI rates occurred during competitive months, with the lowest monthly BSI rates occurring during noncompetitive months. Tibial and femoral shaft BSI rates peaked during the early competitive phases of each season, whereas metatarsal BSI rates remained relatively constant. Cortical-rich BSI rates varied by sex and seasonal phase, whereas trabecular-rich BSI rates remained relatively consistent.

Conclusion:

BSIs were common in collegiate distance runners, especially among female athletes, with higher rates during the competitive phases of the running season. Tibial and femoral shaft BSI rates were highest during the competitive phases and lowest during the noncompetitive phases, while metatarsal BSI rates remained consistent throughout the season. Cortical-rich BSI rates varied by seasonal phase and sex, whereas trabecular-rich BSI rates were relatively constant.
Advocacy, Orthodoxy, and the Intolerance of Dissent: A Rebuttal to Sorochinski's Critique of “Rethinking the False Confession Phenomenon”
Authors: Beyer Bradford J.
Published: January 2025

This rebuttal to Marina Sorochinski's work, “Beyond the Badge: A Critical Commentary on B. Beyer's ‘Rethinking the False Confession Phenomenon,’” identifies and analyzes Sorochinski's pervasive pattern of misinterpretation, mischaracterization, and outright fabrication of points made in “Rethinking the False Confession Phenomenon: A Law Enforcement Perspective.” Sorochinski's hyperemotional response to this work, her unwillingness to consider alternative points of view on the false confession issue, her dismissal of practitioner insights, and her reliance on the unanimity of thought in the existing false confession literature are highlighted and discussed. Through an analysis of the existing false confession literature and the inaccurately reported positions of “Rethinking the False Confession Phenomenon,” an argument is outlined for why the false confession research and related conclusions should be questioned, the statistics surrounding the false confession phenomenon should be more closely analyzed, the underlying biases present within the innocence movement should be considered, and alternative positions should not be so easily and reflexively dismissed. This rebuttal helps to elucidate not only the emotional advocacy that undergirds Sorochinski's critique, put the potential problems that may arise if this same emotional advocacy is shared by other false confession researchers.
Parental Perceptions of School Experiences for Children With Epilepsy
Authors: Irwin Mary Kay , Patel Anup D. , Palme’ Hannah , Cohen Daniel M. , Jones Christopher , Skinner Daniel
Published: January 2025

Background: Given the centrality of school to the lives of the more than 450 000 US children living with epilepsy, their interface with schools related to medical and educational needs is critical. This qualitative study explores parental experiences with school systems for the care and education of their children with epilepsy. Methods: Two 90-minute focus groups were empaneled with a total of 11 caregivers of children with epilepsy. Facilitators, moderators, and recorders of each group performed semistructured interviews prompting discussion of families’ experiences. Conversations were audio recorded, deidentified, transcribed, and coded. Results: Five central themes emerged: Lack of School Resources (46), Lack of School Support (36), Customized Educational Support Plans (32), Academic Impacts (24), and Positive School Support (22). Families demonstrated a lack of awareness of resources available for their children and reported using other families, advocacy groups, health teams, and others to help. Some participants felt burdened as their child's sole advocate through their educational journey, including educating staff on epilepsy care and fighting for individual educational plans or supplemental resources. Families described global adverse effects of their child's epilepsy on family function related to finances/work, relationships, and sibling depression/anxiety, as well as inconsistent staff education to support students with epilepsy and variable staffing. Conclusion: Families of children with epilepsy face barriers that inform potential areas of improvement within schools. Closer interface between the medical community and educational systems may bridge gaps to ease the burden on families of children with epilepsy.
Do you understand what I experienced? Self- and informant-perception of major life events
Authors: Fliedner Karla , Horstmann Kai T.
Published: January 2025

Major life events can impact people’s well-being or personality traits. Traditionally, life events have been examined by considering if they have occurred or not. However, this assumes that the effect of a life event is similar for all participants. Therefore, it has been suggested to consider the subjective perception of life events. Yet, as with many self-reports in psychological research, self-reports on the subjective experience of life events can be biased. To gain a better understanding of life event perception, we therefore examined the convergence of self- and informant-reports of major life events and potential moderators of this convergence. In a dyadic study design, N = 562 participants provided self- and informant-reports of major life event perception. Results from multilevel regression analyses showed that self- and informant-perception profiles converge ( B = 0.599, p < .001), even after controlling for normativeness (distinctive convergence: B = 0.442, p < .001). Moreover, talking about the event—but not informant’s presence at the event—was linked to higher overall and distinctive convergence. Additionally, informant’s experience with the event and perceived closeness between participants was associated with higher overall convergence. Results indicate that informant-reports could provide new insights into the nature of major life event perception.
Negative Poisson’s ratio artificial blood vessel skeleton multi-objective optimization design and numerical modelling
Authors: Lv Qiyin , Zhang Yuan , He Ping , Chen Yao , Wang Yiwen
Published: January 2025

In this study, a negative Poisson’s ratio honeycomb structure skeleton aimed at enhancing the mechanical properties of artificial blood vessels is proposed. The theoretical mechanical model of the negative Poisson’s ratio honeycomb structure was established, and the key parameters influencing its mechanical properties were identified. The optimal value intervals and design points of the optimized structure were determined using response surface methodology and a multi-objective genetic algorithm combined with finite element simulation software. The accuracy of the multi-objective parameter optimization was analyzed by comparing simulation results from various sample points with the optimal parameter points. Subsequently, the radial resilience of the optimized structure was analyzed. The findings demonstrate that the honeycomb structural skeleton with a negative Poisson’s ratio, designed in this study, exhibits favorable radial resilience.
Holocene paleoenvironmental reconstructions in western Brittany Bay of Brest: Part I – Understanding the spatial distribution of palynological records
Authors: Valero Clara , Penaud Aurélie , Lambert Clément , Vidal Muriel , David Ophélie , Leroux Estelle , Stéphan Pierre , Siano Raffaele , Ehrhold Axel
Published: January 2025

The Bay of Brest (BB) is a shallow estuarine environment in NW France. This semi-enclosed basin of 180 km² is subject to multiple hydrodynamic factors including the dual influence of oceanic currents and fluvial discharges (Aulne and Elorn main rivers) and resulting in complex hydro-climatic and hydro-sedimentary processes. This study investigates with palynological data (continental: pollen grains and marine: dinoflagellate cysts) two kinds of different materials: (i) modern surface sediments collected over the whole BB as well as (ii) three new BB sediment cores (core ‘F’ from the mouth of the Aulne river and cores PALM-KS05 and PALM-KS06 from the Brest harbour). While modern data are analysed from a statistical point of view to highlight the influence of hydrodynamic forcing on the modern distribution of palynomorphs, the cores allow for spatial comparisons of palynological data on three windows over the Early (~9.5 and ~8.5 ka BP), Middle (~4.4–4.3 ka BP interval) and Late (~1–0.9 ka BP interval) Holocene. For each time intervals, two cores located along a transect from west (more pronounced oceanic influence) to east (more intense fluvial influence from the Aulne river) are compared, located on either side of a limit that we referred to as the river-induced palynological signal (RIPS) limit. These different comparisons reveal a high degree of spatial homogeneity in BB pollen records over time, with exceptions for environments east of the RIPS limit, for which rainfall-induced fluvial discharges have a stronger impact especially considering riparian taxa (i.e. Alnus). This is intended to improve understanding of the palynological signals recorded at different BB coring sites, a first step of crucial relevance before the establishment of a palynological stack covering the Holocene from several cores collected in different shallow bays of the BB (see Valero et al., submitted – PART II).