bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biogeographic Patterns of Leaf Stoichiometry and Adaption Strategy of Stellera Chamaejasme L. in Degraded Grasslands Across Northern China
Authors: Guo Lizhu , Liu Li , Meng Huizhen , Zhang Li , Silva Valdson José , Wang Kun , He Wei , Huang Ding
Published: December 2021

Background: Plant leaf stoichiometry reflect its adaptations to environments. Leaf stoichiometry variations across different environments have been extensively studied among grassland plants, but little is known about intraspecific leaf stoichiometry, especially for widely distributed species, such as Stellera chamaejasme L. We present the first study on the leaf stoichiometry of S. chamaejasme, and evaluate their relationships with environmental variables by collecting S. chamaejasme leaf and soil samples from 29 invaded sites in the two plateaus of distinct environments [the Inner Mongolian Plateau (IM) and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QT)] in Northern China. Leaf C, N, P, and K and their stoichiometric ratios, and soil physicochemical properties were determined, together with climate information from each sampling sites. Results: Results showed that mean leaf C, N, P, and K concentrations were 498.60, 19.95, 2.15, and 6.57 g · kg-1, respectively; the C/N, C/P, and N/P ratios were 25.46, 246.22, and 9.84, respectively. Soil physicochemical properties of S. chamaejasme invaded area varied wildly, and few significant correlations between S. chamaejasme leaf ecological stoichiometry and soil physicochemical properties were observed. Except for C and N in leaves, the P and K had higher homeostasis than 1, between 4.17 and 13.21. Moreover, C and N content of S. chamaejasme leaves were unaffected by any climate factors. However, the correlation between leaf P and climate factors was significant in IM only, while leaf K in QT. Finally, partial least squares path modeling suggested that leaf P or leaf K were affected by different mechanisms in QT and IM regions. Conclusions: Our results indicated that S. chamaejasme tend to be insensitive to variation in soil nutrient availability, resulting in their broad distributions in China grasslands. Moreover, S. chamaejasme adapt to changing environments by adjusting its relationships with climate or soil factors to improve their chances of survival and spread in degraded grasslands.
Who Will Benefit Most From PD-L1 Detection and Immunotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?
Authors: Liu Lu , Xie Bin , Zhu Wei , He Qiuyan , Zhou Jianhua , Liu Shuang , Tao Yongguang , Xiao Desheng
Published: December 2021

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, but studies have shown that the higher the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the more likely it will benefit from anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. The purpose of our study was to collect and analyze abundant clinical samples in order to provide evidence for clinicians and patients who might consider anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy while jointly formulating treatment plans.Methods: On the one hand, we obtained cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)database, including 498 squamous cell carcinoma of lung cancer (LUSC) patients and 515 adenocarcinoma of lung cancer (LUAD) patients. A heat map of gene expression was drawn. On the other hand, PD-L1 expression was detected in 1,008 NSCLC patients with immunohistochemistry staining (IHC), and we studied the correlation between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics.Results: PD-L1 expression was higher in LUSC than in LUAD at the mRNA level in the TCGA database. In univariate analysis, PD-L1 expression was higher in patients who were males, were LUSC, were smokers, had a tumor diameter >3 cm, had poor differentiation, or had stage III~IV disease. In multivariate analysis, PD-L1 expression was higher in patients who were LUSC or in poor differentiation.Conclusion: PD-L1 expression was higher in patients who were LUSC or in poor differentiation. We recommend that PD-L1 detection can be mandated for patients who might be suitable candidates for immunotherapy.
Peak Apical Recoil Rate is a Simplified Index of Left Ventricular Untwist: Validation and Application for Assessment of Diastolic Function in Children
Authors: yubbu putri , Kauffman Hunter , Calderon-Anyosa Renzo , Monteroa Andrea E. , Sato Tomoyuki , Matsubara Daisuke , Banerjee Anirban
Published: December 2021

AimsTo simplify measurement of untwist by measuring the recoil rate of LV apex only, to validate and apply peak apical recoil rate (PARR) as an index of diastolic dysfunction (DD) in pediatric subjects during increased and decreased lusitropic states. Methods and ResultsWe recruited 153 healthy subjects (mean age 13.8+2.9 years), of whom 48 performed straight leg raising exercise and an additional 46 patients (mean 8.4+5.6 years) with documented pulmonary capillary wedge pressures (PCWP) (validation cohort). In addition, we studied 16 dilated cardiomyopathy patients (mean age 9.5+6.3years) (application cohort). PARR and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) were compared to PCWP. Both PARR and PARR normalized by heart rate (nPARR) were excellent in detecting patient with PCWP >12 mmHg and greatly superior to IVRT in this respect (AUC: 0.98, 95% CI [0.96, 1.0] vs. AUC: 0.7 95%CI [0.54,0.86]). In DCM patients, PARR and nPARR were greatly decreased compared to controls (-38.58+18.59º/s vs -63.07+16.35º /s, p< 0.001) and (-0.43+0.20 º/ s/min vs -0.83+0.28º/s/min, p<0.0001) but increased with straight leg raising exercise (-59.4+19.4º/s vs -97.82+39.0 º/s, p<0.01) and -0.85+0.36 vs -1.4+0.62 º/s/min (p< 0.0001). The intra-observer and inter-observer intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficients were 0.95 and 0.88, respectively.ConclusionPARR successfully detected increased and decreased lusitropic states and was not affected by age when normalized with heart rate. Both PARR and nPARR are superior to IVRT in their correlation with PCWP and offer incremental value over traditional indices of DD. This highly reproducible parameter may potentially serve as a useful index of elevated PCWP in children.
Comparison and Analysis of Injuries At Ski Resorts in Chongli, China and Japan
Authors: Ma Xiao , Li Jiong-yuan , ANDD SHI GERU , Ao Ying-fang , Yang Yu-ping
Published: December 2021

Background: More researches should be needed on injuries at ski resorts in Chongli, one of the sites of the 2022 Winter Olympics.Hypothesis: In Chinese ski resorts, injury accidents should be more frequent, and the injured body parts may be related to the protective clothingMethods: In this retrospective study, injuries at ski resorts in Chongli, China and Japan were analyzed to provide a reference for the ongoing injury prevention work at ski resorts. We collected data [see Additional file 1] on injuries at Wanlong and Fulong Ski Resort in Chongli during the 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 ski seasons. We referred to the ski injury report issued in February 2020 by the Japan Ski Safety Association [see Additional file 2]. The causes of and specific body parts involved in the injuries at both the Chinese and Japanese ski resorts were analyzed.Results: During the 2019–2020 ski season at the Japanese ski resorts, 0.93 injuries occurred per 10,000 skiers, and older skiers constituted a larger proportion of those injured, with 227 (8.6%) aged over 60 years. The knee joint was the most commonly injured body part among both Chinese and Japanese skiers, whereas shoulder joint injury was the most prevalent among snowboarders. Conclusion: The two Chongli ski resorts had a higher injury rate than the Japanese ski resorts. Medical treatment should focus more on older skiers, and helmet use requires urgent promotion
A New Modification in Endoscopic Endonasal Dacryocystorhi̇nostomy: Scopy-Guided Approach
Authors: İrfan Akalın , Kalkışım Ahmet , Gündoğdu Hasan
Published: December 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The Effects of Rainfall Patterns on Runoff, Sediment, and Nutrients Under Various Artificial Rainfall Experiments
Authors: Henorman Hanna Mariana , Tholibon Duratul Ain , Nu Masyitah Md , Mokhtar Hamizah , Rahim Jamilah Abd , Saadon Azlinda
Published: December 2021

Assessing the effects of rainfall patterns on runoff, sediment, nutrients under variation of rainfall pattern are significant in the quantification of sediment transported by overland flow. Previous experimental and field works studied that sediment transport is influenced by hydraulic properties of flow, physical properties of soil and surface characteristics. This study aims at determining the effect of rainfall patterns on surface runoff, sediment loss and nutrient loss. Experiments were carried out using four rainfall patterns, namely Pattern A (uniform-type: 8-8-8 l/min), Pattern B (increasing-type: 7-8-9 l/min), Pattern C (increasing-decreasing-type: 7-9-8 l/min) and Pattern D (decreasing-type: 9-8-7 l/min) with the changes of intensity every 30 minutes that gives total rainfall duration of 90 minutes for each pattern. The simulation was performed in three repetitions. The average total runoff produced was 668.65, 701.40, 699.10, and 722.63 liters, for rainfall patterns A, B, C, and D, respectively. The trend of runoff generated was influenced by the rainfall patterns, Pattern D generated the highest amount of runoff meanwhile Pattern A generated the lowest. For total suspended sediment concentrations, the mean value among every three repetitions of rainfall pattern resulted as 14,518.88, 13,732.73, 8,011.71 and 19,918.50 mg/l for patterns A, B, C, and D, respectively Pattern D contributed to the highest amount of sediment accumulated whereby Pattern C generated the lowest sediment despite the trend showed a different approach than the other 3 patterns. In nutrient concentrations, the determined total losses for ammonia nitrogen were 3.986, 2.891, 3.504, and 4.601g; nitrate nitrogen were 3.934, 2.665, 4.008, and 3.259g; phosphorus were 1.346, 0.222, 0.207, and 0.679g, for patterns A, B, C, and D, respectively. In general, rainfall pattern does have a significant impact on the trend of nutrient losses, where the trend shows that higher concentrations at the start and eventually lowered through the end, but Pattern D as compared to other patterns resulted in a more severe nutrient loss. For the affected area of the soil movement process, the calculated means of the affected area are 79.60, 68.70, 72.43, and 64.97% for patterns A, B, C, and D respectively. The lowest mean of the affected area is contributed by Pattern D and the highest by Pattern A.
Estimation of the density and cumulative distribution functions of the exponentiated Burr XII distribution
Authors: Hassan Amal S. , Assar Salwa M. , Ali Kareem A. , Nagy Heba F.
Published: December 2021

The exponentiated Burr Type XII (EBXII) distribution has wide applications in reliability and economic studies. In this article, the estimation of the probability density function and the cumulative distribution function of EBXII distribution is considered. We examine the maximum likelihood estimator, the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator, the least squares estimator, the weighted least squares estimator, the maximum product spacing estimator, the Cramér–von-Mises estimator, and the Anderson–Darling estimator. We derive analytical forms for the bias and mean square error. A simulation study is performed to investigate the consistency of the suggested methods of estimation. Data relating to the wind speed and service times of aircraft windshields are used with the studied methods. The simulation studies and real data applications have revealed that the maximum likelihood estimator performs more efficiently than its remaining counterparts.
Factors influencing physicochemical characteristics of faecal sludge in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Authors: Eliyan Chea , Vinnerås Björn , Zurbrügg Christian , Koottatep Thammarat , Sothea Kok , McConville Jennifer
Published: December 2021

Comprehensive knowledge of faecal sludge characteristics is needed for sludge management planning, but it is lacking for the city of Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Thus, this study characterised physicochemical properties of faecal sludge from households in Phnom Penh and related these to sludge containment unit type, unit age, connectedness to the urban drainage network, type of wastewater captured, watertight containment units, number of users, and emptying practices. In total, 194 faecal sludge samples collected during containment unit emptying were analysed for physicochemical parameters. Information on containment units was collected in a survey of emptiers and users. Mean values of faecal sludge chemical parameters were found to be slightly lower than previously reported values for low-/middle-income countries, whereas physicochemical properties were within similar ranges. The main factor influencing organic matter content in faecal sludge was containment unit connection to the urban drainage network, whereas emptying practice and capture of only blackwater affected nutrient levels. The concentrations of nutrients and organic pollutants greatly exceeded Cambodian discharge standards for wastewater. This causes environmental impacts, so treatment is needed before discharge. The faecal sludge characteristics and influencing factors identified here can serve as a baseline for sanitation stakeholders planning faecal sludge management systems in Phnom Penh and similar cities.
Indexação em repositórios digitais: uma abordagem sobre o metadado assunto da Biblioteca Digital de Monografias da UFRN
Authors: Santos Raimunda Fernanda dos
Published: December 2021

Estuda aspectos relativos à representação temática da informação no contexto dos Repositórios Digitais. Objetiva analisar a representação da informação em tais ambientes. Especificamente, visa analisar as implicações da indexação por extração no processo de representação do conteúdo dos documentos na Biblioteca Digital de Monografias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (BDM/UFRN); analisar os descritores utilizados na indexação das monografias do curso de Biblioteconomia no metadado assunto da BDM/UFRN. Utiliza como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica pautada em revisão de literatura sobre indexação e representação da informação em repositórios digitais e pesquisa exploratória com abordagem qualitativa mediante a análise da indexação realizada no metadado assunto da BDM/UFRN. Destaca que os termos atribuídos em linguagem natural, ainda que elencados por autores da área de biblioteconomia viabiliza implicações negativas no processo de representação dos documentos em Repositórios Digitais. Identifica a presença de algumas implicações mediante a análise qualitativa do metadado “assunto” do Repositório Digital, dentre elas: emprego de termos com polissemia, ocorrência de erros ortográficos, presença de descritores abrangentes e com multiplicidade de sentidos, abreviações nos termos, uso de siglas e entre outras. Conclui enfatizando a importância dos gestores do Repositório Digital em questão elaborarem uma política de indexação que vise o aperfeiçoamento das práticas já utilizadas nesse ambiente incluindo o auxílio de linguagens documentárias e vocabulários controlados que possam elevar o nível da qualidade de descrição desses documentos visando a precisão no processo de busca e recuperação da informação.
Análise do uso de repositórios digitais da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Farias Ronnie Anderson Nascimento de , Santos Raimunda Fernanda dos
Published: December 2021

Estuda o uso e a visibilidade dos repositórios institucionais, em especial o da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Busca verificar a experiência e a percepção do usuário no que concerne aos repositórios digitais em face ao suprimento das suas necessidades informacionais. Tem como objetivo geral analisar o uso e a visibilidade do Repositório Institucional da UFRN. Visa especificamente analisar se os discentes conhecem os repositórios da instituição de ensino em que fazem parte, bem como identificar quais os repositórios digitais que esses discentes acessam e qual a frequência de uso. Utiliza como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica em fontes impressas e eletrônicas; pesquisa descritiva com abordagens quantitativas e qualitativas resultantes da aplicação de 200 questionários no período de janeiro a maio de 2015 e 33 em maio de 2016, cujas questões objetivas e discursivas contemplam os objetivos deste trabalho. Conclui inferindo que a visibilidade dos repositórios institucionais da instituição supracitada ainda é baixa e que não há o conhecimento necessário por parte dos discentes no que concerne ao uso dessas ferramentas. Conclui-se que ainda permanece o baixo índice de uso e preferência da comunidade acadêmica em relação aos repositórios institucionais da universidade como fonte de informação para a busca e recuperação das produções científicas.
Condições de conforto ambiental para usuários: estudo de caso realizado na Biblioteca Central Zila Mamede/UFRN
Authors: Fonseca Júnior Luís Cavalcante , Carvalho Andréa Vasconcelos , Alves Daniela Estaregue
Published: December 2021

Considera que as instalações físicas de uma biblioteca devem proporcionar às pessoas um ambiente confortável para o desenvolvimento de suas atividades, bem como oferecer condições favoráveis à preservação do acervo. Objetiva analisar as condições de conforto térmico, acústico e lumínico da Biblioteca Central Zila Mamede (BCZM) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Aborda as características, a importância, os usuários, os profissionais da informação da Biblioteca Universitária. Informa que a ergonomia ambiental busca propor um ambiente agradável aos usuários, harmonicamente organizado e bem planejado, procurando a interação dos seres humanos (usuários) com os sistemas (bibliotecas). Caracteriza os condicionantes ambientais: térmico, lumínico e acústico. Analisa os dados coletados no questionário realizado com os usuários e no estudo empírico com as medições dos condicionantes pesquisados revelam que há conforto lumínico e não há conforto térmico nem conforto acústico. Assim, conclui que não existe conforto ambiental na BCZM, com algumas ressalvas. Finaliza sugerindo melhorias para o conforto ambiental na Biblioteca Central Zila Mamede e considerando a importância do bibliotecário no contexto da pesquisa em questão.Palavras - chave: Bibliotecas Universitárias. Ergonomia Ambiental. Conforto Ambiental. Biblioteca Central Zila Mamede.
Processo avaliativo do Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação: um estudo da percepção de docentes
Authors: Lima Juliane Medeiros de , Vanti Vitullo Nadia Aurora
Published: December 2021

O presente estudo é resultado de pesquisa realizada com os docentes permanentes credenciados aos Programas de Pós-Graduação do Centro de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas (CCSA) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), objetivando avaliar a percepção dos mesmos acerca do processo avaliativo do Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação (SNPG), no que se refere à avaliação da produção científica docente. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário, com perguntas abertas e fechadas, enviado eletronicamente a todos os professores permanentes dos PPGs do CCSA/UFRN. Como resultado, apresentaram-se os diversos pontos de vista dos participantes da pesquisa, bem como críticas e sugestões de melhorias ao referido sistema de avaliação.
A preservação da memória da saúde na Gestão Documental dos arquivos hospitalares
Authors: Ramos Rosane Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Os hospitais são organizações prestadoras de serviços de assistência em saúde e produzem documentos relacionados as suas atividades meio e fim. Ao fim de seu valor de utilização primário, os documentos que alcançam valor histórico, são custodiados pelos arquivos permanentes de acordo com a política de gestão documental e a legislação vigente. Este estudo objetiva analisar o papel da gestão documental na preservação da memória da saúde nos documentos dos arquivos hospitalares. Utiliza o método de revisão de literatura, através de pesquisa em livros, artigos e sites. Descreve as características gerais das organizações hospitalares. Conceitua os documentos e o seu valor primário e secundário. Analisa a importância do prontuário do paciente para a memória da saúde.  Identifica o papel dos arquivos hospitalares como instituições de memória.  Constata a importância da gestão e das ações de preservação documental para a preservação e acesso à memória social da saúde.
Evaluation of Associated Genes with Traumatic Pain: A Systematic
Review
Authors: Rasouli Hamid Reza , Talebi Samira , Ahmadpour Fathollah
Published: December 2021

Objectives:

The knowledge about the molecular pathway of traumatic pain relief is less
documented. This systematic review study aimed to identify the genes and molecular pathways associated
with various traumatic pains.

Methods:

The online databases such as EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, International
Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Clinical Trials, Google Scholar, Wiley, ISI Web of Knowledge,
and Scopus were searched. Two review authors searched and screened all records' titles and abstracts,
and the third expert reviewer author resolved their disagreement. The study’s design, various trauma injuries,
types of genes, and molecular pathways were recorded. The genes and molecular pathways data
were obtained via GeneCards®: The Human Gene Database (https://www.genecards.org).

Results:

Studies on a variety of trauma injuries regarding nerve and Spinal Cord Injuries (SCIs) (12
records), Hypertrophic scar with Severe Pain (one record), severe post-traumatic musculoskeletal pain
(MSP) (one record), and orthopedic trauma (one record) were included. The main molecular pathways
such as the immune system, apoptosis, and death receptor signaling, T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)
signaling pathway, oxidative stress, interleukin(s) mediated signaling pathway, biological oxidations,
metabolic pathways (especially amino acid metabolism and amino group), focal adhesion, the proliferation
of vascular, epithelial, and connective tissue cells, angiogenesis and neural development were
identified.

Conclusion:

The immune system, apoptosis, and metabolic pathways are crucial for understanding the
roles of genes in traumatic pain. It is recommended that these identified pathways and related genes be
considered therapeutical targets for pain management in patients with trauma injuries. In addition, different
forms of trauma injuries require different pathways and related genes to be considered.
A Note on Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Pharmacy
Authors: Bhattacharya Sankha
Published: December 2021

Artificial intelligence and robotics are two of the hottest and most recent technologies to
emerge from the world of science. There is tremendous potential for these technologies to solve a
wide range of pharmaceutical problems, including the reduction of the enormous amounts of money
and time invested in the drug discovery and development process, technical solutions related to
the quality of drug products, and an increase in the demand for pharmaceuticals. Nanorobotics is a
new subfield that has emerged from the field of robotics itself. This technique makes use of robots
that are as small as nano- or micron-sized to diagnose diseases and deliver drugs to the targeted organ,
tissue, or cell. These techniques, as well as their various applications in the pharmacy sector,
are extensively discussed throughout this article. Internationally renowned pharmaceutical companies
are collaborating with Artificial Intelligence behemoths in order to revolutionise the discovery
and development process of potential drug molecules and to ensure the highest possible quality in
their products.
Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of Beliefs About Child TV Viewing Scale
Authors: KARAKAYA Güler , KARDAŞ ÖZDEMİR Funda
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to perform the validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of “The Beliefs about Child Television Viewing Scale”. Methods: This methodological study included 266 parents with children aged 3-6 years old who were registered in 13 Family Health Centers, applied between the study dates, and met the inclusion criteria. Data was collected using the "Introductory Information Form" and "The Beliefs about Child Television Viewing Scale." The inventor of the scale, the ethics committee, the institutions, and the participants all gave their written consent. For the language validity of the scale, an expert opinion was requested, and a factor analysis was performed for construct validity. Results: According to the exploratory factor analysis, it was found that the scale had a four-factor structure and the factor values were in the reference range. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, it was found that the four-factor structure of the scale was valid and the fit indices were eligible. The Cronbach’s α reliability coefficient was 0.85 and item-total score correlation coefficients were above 0.33. Conclusion: It was determined that the Turkish version of the Beliefs about Child Television Viewing Scale had acceptable validity and reliability results and could be used as a valid and reliable measurement tool.
The Resilience of Single Mothers with Special Needs Children in Supporting Their Education and Fulfilling Their Needs During The COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Djap Wylen , Mustikasiwi Angaripeni , Hermawati Oki , Irawan Dadang , Santosa Erwin
Published: December 2021

A single mother has to face quite complicated conditions, especially for children with special needs during the Covid-19 pandemic. Many activities have changed due to large-scale social restrictions in Jakarta and its surroundings, including studying and teaching. All educational activities are conducted online. Single mothers have to consider fulfilling their children’s needs while dealing with their children doing online school. This qualitative research uses a phenomenological study of four single mothers as participants with special needs children aged 15-22 years who struggle to raise them. This study shows that mothers have strong resilience because they adapt to conditions and need support from family, friends, and the environment.
Improving Reading and Calculation Ability through Audio Visuals Media in Indonesian Elementary School Student with Slow Learner: A Literature Study
Authors: Puspitasari Fiolina , Ediyanto Ediyanto , Efendi Mohammad , Sunandar Asep
Published: December 2021

Learning media can be made using audio-visual media. Audio-visual media here is the media that conveys the message specifically to the senses of hearing and sight. The media has sound elements and image elements. Teachers who provide modifications to the media will make learning more interesting for students, especially if there are students with slow learner barriers in class. The slow learner is a learning barrier in children, which is characterized by a gap between the level of intelligence and academic ability that should be achieved. The use of audio-visual media is able to have a positive influence on the reading and numeracy skills of students with slow learners.
Effect of Public Service Quality on People Satisfaction toward Implementation of Integrated Administration Service Kecamatan in New Normal Era Kecamatan Sako Palembang City
Authors: Austin Trecy , Hestiriniah Deby Chintia
Published: December 2021

2020 is the year of the COVID-19 pandemic which made Government implement Large Scale Social Restriction Policy, both Social Distancing and Physical Distancing. However, based on the observation results made by the researcher in the field of the PATEN process in Kecamatan Sako during new normal, people were not yet discipline in dealing with online services. The services continue as usual by implementing strict health protocol such as to wash hands with soap often, to wear mask, to maintain a distance of a meter. Based on the survey conducted in Kecamatan Sako, the respondents still did stuff on the spot directly because the physical files still had to be collected at the PATEN counter to be processed. According to a direct interview conducted with the Head of the Government Section, the management of Family Card and ID card was carried out at the UPT Zone VIII of civil registration since April 23, 2020. The purposes of this study are to analyze the effect of service quality (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy) on people satisfaction in Kecamatan Sako and to explain the dimensions of service quality (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy), which dimensions have the most dominant influence on people satisfaction in Kecamatan Sako. This study uses quantitative methods. The method used in data collection is Proportionate Random Sampling. The data quality test consists of testing the validity and reliability of the data using multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that the t value is 1.985 with a significant value of 0.015 <0.05, so that the results of the first problem formulation are Tangible, Assurance, and Empathy which have a significant effect on the variable of people satisfaction. The second problem formulation explains that the empathy variable is the variable that has the most dominant influence on the dependent variable or dependent (y) with the largest Beta value which is 0.551.
Case Report Mediastinal Teratoma Resembling Vascular Tumor with Rapid Growth Accompanied by Vena Cava Superior Syndrome and Bilateral Paramalignant Pleural Effusion
Authors: Rini Ni Made , Pratiwi Suryanti Dwi , Pratiwi Suryanti Dwi , Bayuadi Imam Suseno , Bayuadi Imam Suseno , Erawati Dini Rachma , Erawati Dini Rachma , Yudhanto Hendy Setyo , Yudhanto Hendy Setyo
Published: December 2021

Background: Teratomas are tumors originate from germ cells, consist of well differentiated tissue from more than one of three layers of embryonic cells: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Teratomas are generally slow-growing and asymptomatic. Mediastinal teratoma is the most common extra-gonadal germ cell tumor. Superior vena cava syndrome and bilateral paramaligant pleural effusion are complications which can occur in mediastinal teratomas.Â Case: We report a 37-year-old woman presented with shortness of breath since 1 month before admission, chest pain, cough, weight loss,Â  swolen of face, neck, and right arm. Chest x-ray showed mediastinal tumor. However, no mediastinal tumor had been detected by chest x-ray to examine her heart disease 3 years earlier. Chest computed tomography scan showed anterosuperior mediastinal tumor surrounding great blood vessels and bilateral pleural effusion. Computed tomography guided transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy revealedÂ  tumor containing mature squamous epithelial component. Patient underwent open biopsy by sternotomy and histological assessment confirmed the diagnosis as mediastinal teratoma with vascular lesions predominantly resembling vascular tumor.Conclusion: Establishing the diagnosis of mediastinal teratoma is challenging and it requires multi modality approaches.Â Â Keywords: Mediastinal teratoma, vena cava superior syndrome, bilateral paramalignant pleural effusion.
Профілактика тромбозів у хворих зі шлунково-кишковими кровотечами, антикоагулянтна терапія: літературний огляд
Authors: Rushay A.K. , Pliuta I.I.
Published: December 2021

Актуальність. Аналіз причин несприятливих наслідків кишково-шлункових кровотеч показує, що напрямком покращення результатів лікування таких хворих є не лише вдосконалення методів неоперативного (ендоскопічного + медикаментозного) гемостазу, але й прогнозування ризику рецидиву кровотечі, профілактика й лікування тромбоемболічних ускладнень. Мета дослідження: вивчення ризиків розвитку тромбоемболічних ускладнень у хворих зі шлунково-кишковими кровотечами й перспективи проведення антикоагулянтної терапії. Матеріали та методи. В огляді проаналізовано результати клінічних досліджень, присвячених вивченню ризиків розвитку тромбоемболічних ускладнень, уточненню груп ризику, обсягів і способів профілактики; визначено найбільш перспективні ефективні й безпечні способи. Критичний аналіз проведено на підставі вивчення й систематизації наукових досліджень, поданих на спеціалізованих медичних сайтах. Результати. В основі обґрунтованого визначення ризику виникнення тромботичних ускладнень у хворих зі шлунково-кишковими кровотечами лежить об’єктивна оцінка балансу між механізмами кровотечі й тромбозу. Профілактика тромбоемболічних ускладнень у хворих із шлунково-кишковими кровотечами проводиться з урахуванням індивідуальних особливостей. Терапія повинна враховувати як фактори ризику розвитку повторної кровотечі, так і фактори ризику тромбоемболічних ускладнень. Метод тромбоеластографії є ​​сучасним та адекватним методом контролю гомеостазу крові на всіх етапах лікування. Висновки. Для прийняття рішення про призначення, обсяг і способи проведення терапії необхідний мультидисциплінарний підхід за участю хірургів та анестезіологів. Таке рішення має бути обґрунтованим з урахуванням багатьох чинників. Важливим є урахування механізмів дії гемостатичних і антикоагулянтних препаратів. Урахування й систематизація всіх цих даних не виключають, а, навпаки, передбачають індивідуальний підхід до кожного пацієнта, визначення індивідуальної стратегії з оптимальним співвідношенням ризиків розвитку як повторної кровотечі, так і тромбоемболічних ускладнень.
DESIGNING MODEL OF LISTENING STRATEGY-BASED INSTRUCTION FOR THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: EFENDI ERFAN , HAMDI ALY ABDUL
Published: December 2021

Objective: Listening is categorized as the basic skill of language that needs to be given priority to understand. However, many students feel difficult to master it. Therefore, the solution to this problem is highly significant. As a respond for this situation, a study on designing a model of listening strategy-based instruction for the tenth grade students of senior high school students is made. It aims to increase students’ awareness of listening strategies and to help students master listening skill.
Methods: The study employed Research and Development which covered five main stages: Need Analysis, Product Development, Experts Validation, Field Testing Product, and Final Product Development. To collect the data needed as the basis for developing product need analysis was done in the tenth graders of MA Bilingual Batu.
Results: The finding shows that the students did not aware of the listening strategies. They learned listening only listens and answers the questions in the worksheet. So that they feel listening skill is difficult to be mastered. The presence of listening strategy-based instruction model is developed to fulfill their need.
Conclusion: The students are interested in this product. Besides that, they believe that the product can help them to master listening skills.
Blessed by the Lord: A Visual Portrait of a Jumli Pentecostal Congregation
Authors: Poletti Samuele
Published: December 2021

Many Christian converts in the Sinja Valley of Jumla, northwest Nepal, reveal that they have been struck by the Bible because it referenced real events, especially miraculous cases of healing. These miraculous events provide tangible ‘evidence’ of God’s power that somewhat replicate the expectations that people nurture with respect to the Hindu deities. In such way, miracles play an especially crucial role in supporting the conversion of women and youngsters living in large families, who, partaking as veritable protagonists in Biblical events, are turned into the as quintessentially Christian subjects of a conversion narrative that helps substantiating their radical decision vis-à-vis the rest of their family.
Of Education, Humanism and Civilizational Progress: An Explorative Study of Jaya Prithvi Bahadur Singh’s Life and Work from the Perspective of ‘Global Intellectual History’
Authors: Lueder Stefan
Published: December 2021

The Himalayas have long been perceived as a region at the margins between South Asia, Southeast Asia and Central Asia. Since the turn of the 21st century, however, the area received continuously more scholarly attention, particularly with regards to historiography and historical research. Researchers started to explore the manifold historical connections, entanglements, and interdependencies of the Himalayas with its neighboring regions and the rest of the world, which have long been disregarded due to the prevalence of implicit methodological nationalism, historiographical isolationism, and exceptionalism. Anticipating these changing perspectives, my paper explores the life and works of Jaya Prithvi Bahadur Singh in an attempt to render the global historical connections of the Central Himalayas further visible and enrich broader debates from the perspective of ‘Global Intellectual History’. At the intersection of this newly emerging discipline and the intellectual history of the Himalayas, my paper seeks to address the research questions: Who was Jaya Prithvi Bahadur Singh and why is his life and work relevant for a better understanding of the multifaceted historical entanglements of the Central Himalayas? I argue that Jaya Prithvi’s thoughts, specifically those on education, humanism, and civilizational progress will add new thematic dimensions, empirically diversify and, thus, broaden the scope of contemporary discourses on ‘Global Intellectual History’ as well as Himalayan History.
AS MULHERES ZAPATISTAS DIANTE DO TEMPO
Authors: Alves Cruz Nathane , Resende Campos Alexandra
Published: December 2021

Considerando a necessidade de propostas educativas que dialogam de maneira horizontal e democrática com outras formas de saberes, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar perspectivas de decolonização dos currículos escolares a partir da arte das mulheres zapatistas, que vivem nas montanhas do sudeste do México de maneira autônoma e anticapitalista. Entende-se que a história sempre foi contada sob a ótica colonizadora e pelos que detiveram o poder. Portanto, torna-se urgente legitimar a arte como um instrumento historiográfico que contribua significativamente para a construção da identidade latino-americana. A arte das mulheres zapatistas será apresentada enquanto aporte teórico para contribuir nos estudos de arte no Brasil, sob o contexto latino-americano, contemplando a Educação Básica. Este estudo apoia-se no conceito de Ecologia dos Saberes, do sociólogo português Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2007), bem como no Epistemicídio, aprofundado por Sueli Carneiro (2005). Tal estudo foi inspirado nas vivências de uma das autoras no México, em 2017, quando conheceu o movimento e pode vislumbrar um outro mundo possível, um mundo onde caibam todos os outros.
Lecture 9: The Work of Stephen Toulmin
Authors: McCarron Gary
Published: December 2021

Lecture 9 tackles the notion of persuasion when using formal and informal arguments. Based on inductive reasoning, informal arguments aim to persuade listeners of their truth by the sheer weight of the reasons the presenter can mobilize. Unlike formal arguments, informal arguments are precisely the sorts of arguments that are wedded to the idea of truth. They are the kinds of arguments where rhetoric is most called for. 
Le cours 9 traite de la notion de persuasion dans des circonstances où l’on a recours à des arguments formels et informels. Basés sur un raisonnement inductif, les arguments informels tentent de persuader l’auditeur de leur vérité par la simple force des raisons que le présentateur peut rassembler. Contrairement aux arguments formels, les arguments informels représentent précisément le type d’argument qui adhère à l’idée de vérité. Ils sont le type d’argument où la rhétorique peut être le plus utile.
PENERAPAN METODE PROMETHEE DALAM SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN DAUN TEMBAKAU DELI UNTUK KUALITAS EKSPOR
Authors: Iriani Juli , Lazuli Ivy
Published: December 2021

Tembakau Deli (Jacobus Nienhuys Deli Maatschappij) adalah Salah satu jenis tembakau yang terkenal di dunia dan dikenal juga sebagai “Dollar Land” dengan predikat sebagai penghasil daun pembungkus cerutu terbaik dunia mengalahkan tembakau dari Brazil dan Kuba. Tembakau Deli saat ini masih merupakan primadona Tembakau Cerutu. Kegunaannya lebih diutamakan untuk pembungkus cerutu. Bahkan Daun Tembakau Deli terkenal sebagai pembungkus dan pembalut cerutu nomor satu di Dunia sehingga tetap dibutuhkan oleh pabrik penghasil cerutu berkualitas tinggi. Tembakau Deli termasuk Tembakau kelas elite serta mempunyai keistimewaan lain, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan persyaratan khusus antara lain daunnya tidak boleh berlubang, tidak boleh mempunyai flek atau noda, bebas dari jamur serta ukuran panjang dan lebar daun yang sesuai dan rasanya enak serta aroma yang harum (MS Erwin, 2000). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sebuah sistem aplikasi computer pendukung keputusan yang mempunyai kemampuan untuk menganalisa penentuan kualitas terbaik tanaman Tembakau Deli dengan menggunakan metode promethee dan memberikan keputusan terbaik berdasarkan kriteria penilaian dan alternatif yang membandingkan antara satu daun tembakau dengan daun tembakau lainnya serta menghasilkan solusi dalam pemecahan masalah. Sehingga dengan hasil yang akan dicapai akan langsung dapat menentukan daun tembakau terbaik yang akan digunakanuntuk ekspor.
Consumo, crisis y clases medias: cambios y continuidades en los discursos sobre el consumo de la clase media española ante la Gran Recesión de 2008
Authors: Barbeta Viñas Marc
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del trabajo es abordar los discursos que desarrollan las clases medias españolas en torno al consumo antes de la crisis económica de 2008 y su evolución una vez iniciada la crisis. Se propone analizar los sentidos construidos sobre el consumo, así como calibrar en qué medida estos discursos se han ido modificando a través de “cortes discursivos” con el advenimiento de la gran recesión, de acuerdo con la literatura existente. La base metodológica y empírica del trabajo es cualitativa: se analizan cinco grupos de discusión realizados en diversas ciudades españolas en 2004. El método de análisis desarrollado sigue la orientación sociohermenéutica del análisis sociológico del discurso. Los resultados aportan luz sobre el papel cínico y legitimador de parte de las clases medias en relación al consumo pre-crisis, así como evidencian el impacto de los periodos de crisis sobre las imágenes y valoraciones de las relaciones de consumo.
¿Cuál es el vínculo entre las estrategias de cuidado infantil y la inserción laboral de las cuidadoras?
Authors: Genta Natalia , Batthyany Karina , Perrotta Valentina , Scavino Sol , Katzkowicz Sharon
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo son las estrategias de cuidado infantil en relación a la participación de las mujeres y los varones en el trabajo remunerado. Los datos surgen de la Encuesta de Estrategias de Cuidados para Montevideo y Área Metropolitana. Los hallazgos principales dan cuenta de dos casos de riesgo para la autonomía económica de las mujeres. En 1 de cada 3 hogares del NSE bajo encontramos hogares tradicionales de Único proveedor y Única cuidadora, lo que implica vulnerabilidad en el acceso a derechos al trabajo para las mujeres y ausencia de los varones en la responsabilidad de cuidado. En casi 1 de cada 4 hogares de los sectores medios responden al modelo de Doble proveedor Unica cuidadora,  mujeres que trabajan a jornada completa pero que solo ellas dedican tiempo al cuidado,  lo cual riesgo la capacidad de mantener su autonomía económica.
Investigar sobre prostitución: complejidad del objeto, marcos analíticos y controversias
Authors: Pozo Cuevas Federico
Published: December 2021

Este artículo expone las claves que dificultan la indagación sociológica sobre la prostitución, los enfoques o marcos que se adoptan para ello, las fricciones que mantienen los principales enfoques y los retos que tiene ante sí el estudio científicosocial del fenómeno. Investigar sobre prostitución plantea dificultades por lo complejo y controvertido que resulta dicho objeto, por lo distintas que son las perspectivas desde las que se estudia y por el desafío que supone tratar de evadirse de las disputas morales e ideológicas asociadas a esta práctica social desde sus orígenes. Adoptando una posición objetiva y suficientemente distanciada, este trabajo quiere superar la controversia permanente que domina el debate académico.
TV versus Internet: How media consumption affects the approval of the authorities
Authors: Ushkin S. G.
Published: December 2021

The article considers the features of the Russians media consumption and their attitudes to political institutions (federal and regional). The survey of the population of the Republic of Mordovia aimed at finding correlations between the use of certain information channels, the level of trust in them, and the approval of the authorities. The study showed that the choice of traditional media (television, newspapers, magazines, radio) or new media (social networks, Internet websites, telegram channels) divides people into groups according to their political preferences. Traditional media (conditionally the TV party) tend to unite representatives of older cohorts living in rural areas and supporting the government. New media (conditionally the Internet party) tend to attract mainly young people living in cities, having a relatively high level of education and being critical of political institutions. The author believes that there is a potential for reconciliation of these two parties - in the communicative possibilities of personal connections (friends, relatives, acquaintances), because the close social circle seems to provide grounds for discussing the current situation in the country and the region. The results of the survey show a high level of distrust to all information channels and a low level of approval of the authorities. The situation is aggravated by the coronavirus crisis: skepticism about official information determined a significant number of rumors discrediting political institutions, which in the future may negatively affect election campaigns at all levels.
El valor de la información obtenida mediante delación premiada para acordar medidas cautelares
Authors: Fernández López Mercedes
Published: December 2021

El uso de mecanismos premiales para obtener información con la que desarticular bandas y grupos criminales se ha revelado como un instrumento especialmente eficaz en la lucha contra la delincuencia organizada. En todos los sistemas penales se han introducido (o se está en vías de introducir) elementos a través de los que canalizar acuerdos de colaboración o ciertos beneficios penales con los que incentivar que investigados conocedores de información relevante la aporten al proceso. Sin embargo, no todos ellos garantizan su compatibilidad con las garantías procesales de otros investigados que resultan incriminados a cambio de acuerdos o beneficios penales ni ofrecen información fiable. En particular, es necesario determinar el alcance de los acuerdos premiales que pueden adoptarse, las condiciones para su ejecución, las consecuencias de su incumplimiento, el modo en el que ha de obtenerse la información ofrecida por el delator y su eficacia procesal. Este trabajo se centra en este último aspecto, esto es, en los requisitos para la incorporación a la causa de la información ofrecida por el investigado colaborador y en su eficacia procesal para acordar decisiones que puedan afectar a la situación personal y procesal de otros investigados en la misma causa o en causas vinculadas a ella.