bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trichoscopic Features of Lichen Planopilaris versus Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gowda Shreya K. , Errichetti Enzo , Behera Biswanath , Thakur Vishal
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Lichen planopilaris (LPP) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) are primary scarring alopecias that few authors consider the same entity, and some consider them different. Objective: We describe and summarize the trichoscopy features of both conditions.  Methods: We performed extensive literature search using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The Chi-square test  was applied to for calculating the proportions of dermoscopic features in LPP and FFA. P- values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 60 articles, 33 (16 LPP, 17 FFA) were considered for quantitative analysis due to availability in English literature with full text. We found that peripilar cylindrical casts and perifollicular redness with arborizing vessels were predominant features suggesting early LPP. In contrast, yellow dots, perifollicular erythema, and scattered pigmentation suggested active FFA. Shiny white area was seen in both groups in the inactive stages. The target arrangement of blue-grey dots, milky-red areas, and irregularly arranged white fibrotic dots were seen in late LPP, and black dots, lonely hairs, and loss of vellus hairs were detected in the later stages of FFA. Features such as blue-grey structureless areas, blue-white veil, and variability in morphologies of hair shafts were nonspecific. Conclusion: This article provides a comprehensive literature review, correlating dermoscopic features with histopathological findings and the similarities, differences, and peculiarities of LPP and FFA.
Geriatric Psoriasis: Evaluation of Clinical Features, Disease Course, and Treatment Modalities of Patients from a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Çalışkan Elif , Edek Yusuf Can , Keskin Nuray , Üstün Petek , Adışen Esra
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythematous, scaly, and well-demarcated pruritic plaques on the extensor areas of the extremities. Psoriasis is one of the most common dermatological diseases in the geriatric population. Objective: The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the demographic data, clinical characteristics, and treatment responses of the geriatric population (≥60 with psoriasis at our hospital. Methods: In this study, we examined 221 geriatric patients diagnosed with psoriasis. We evaluated patients in 2 groups: early-onset (<60 years) and elderly-onset (≥60 years). Results: In our study, 50.7% of the patients were female, the average age was 65.9 years., and 76.4% of the patients were considered early-onset. There was no significant difference in terms of the initial body areas affected by the disease between the early-onset and elderly-onset groups; 45.7% of patients had nail psoriasis, while 27.1% had psoriatic arthritis. Nail involvement (p = 0.021) and the presence of psoriatic arthritis (p = 0.011) were more common in the early-onset group. Systemic treatment was predominantly initiated as the first treatment agent in the elderly-onset group (p = 0.014). Patients in the early-onset group received more cyclosporine treatment than the others (p=0.01). Conclusions: The geriatric population is associated with multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy, highlighting the importance of evaluating patients' medications and comorbidities when selecting a treatment agent for psoriasis.
Two-step-7-Pink Rule: A Practical Tool for the Dermoscopic Evaluation of Fully Amelanotic Skin Lesions
Authors: Pampena Riccardo , Migliorati Stefano , Paolino Giovanni , Lai Michela , Lippolis Nicola , Guida Stefania , Borsari Stefania , Pellerone Sebastiano , Di Ciaccio Sofia Maria , Moscarella Elvira , Pellacani Giovanni , Argenziano Giuseppe , Longo Caterina
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The diagnosis of fully amelanotic skin tumors is difficult on clinical and dermoscopic examination. Objective: We sought to identify an accurate and user-friendly dermoscopic algorithm to differentiate between benign and malignant pink lesions. Methods: The database of 1 referral center was retrospectively reviewed for images of non-inflammatory fully amelanotic skin lesions. Two dermatologists jointly assessed a validation set of images for dermoscopic criteria and constructed a diagnostic algorithm, the 2-step 7-pink rule (2S-7PR). Two external clinicians, with different skills in dermoscopy and blinded to the final diagnosis, separately evaluated images from the validation test sets using the prevalent criterion method and the new 2S-7PR algorithm. Results: A total of 763 lesions from 652 patients were included in the validation set database, of which 68.3% were malignant and 31.7% were benign. Three suspicious dermoscopic criteria were included in the first step of the 2S-7PR: polymorphous or sharply focused vessels, scales or crusts, and erosions or ulcerations; and 4 non-suspicious criteria were included in the second: white collarette, white scar-like area, vascular lacunae, and necklace pinpoint vessels. High levels of specificity and sensitivity were calculated in the validation and test phases for both the expert and non-expert evaluators, the former achieving higher levels of both sensitivity and specificity by employing the 2S-7PR compared to the prevalent method, and the latter only improved specificity. Conclusions: The present study showed that an algorithm focused on a few reproducible and easily recognizable criteria could improve diagnostic accuracy in the management of amelanotic lesions.
Assessing Psychosocial Burden in Psoriasis Patients Using the PRISM-RII Tool: A Comprehensive Evaluation
Authors: Afacan Yıldırım Elif , Polat Muhterem , Yıldırım Yusuf Ezel
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease that significantly impacts patients' quality of life due to its visible lesions and associated stigma. Psychological comorbidities are prevalent among psoriasis patients. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of the Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure Revised II (PRISM-RII) tool in assessing the psychosocial burden, including internalized stigma, in psoriasis patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 190 psoriasis patients recruited from a university hospital's dermatology treatment center. Participants completed the PRISM-RII Psoriasis Internalized Stigma Scale (PISS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Clinical severity was measured using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). Results: Significant correlations were observed between PRISM-RII parameters and measures of quality of life, internalized stigma, anxiety, and depression. Our study revealed significant differences in PASI scores among different Illness Perception Measures (IPM). A negative correlation was found between PASI and Self-Illness Separation (SIS), suggesting that increased disease severity is associated with a higher perceived burden of illness. Additionally, significant negative correlations were observed between SIS and DLQI, HADS, and PISS. Patients with larger IPM reported higher levels of anxiety, depression, and internalized stigma, as well as lower treatment satisfaction. Conclusions: The PRISM-RII tool effectively captures the psychosocial burden of psoriasis including internalized stigmatization, highlighting the need to address both physical and psychological aspects in clinical practice. Incorporating PRISM-RII into routine assessments can enhance patient-centered care by identifying and addressing the psychosocial dimensions of psoriasis.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Treatment Adherence in Adolescent Acne Patients: Investigating the Relationship for Better Care Strategies
Authors: Koç Huriye Aybüke , Altınöz Güney Cansu , Önal Bedia Sultan
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Accompanying comorbidities in acne vulgaris (AV) patients affect treatment adherence. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between treatment compliance and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents with AV. Methods: This study included 140 patients with AV. At the beginning of the treatment, each patient's acne severity was assessed, and the Conners-Wells' Adolescent Self-Report Scale-Long Form (CASS-L) was administered. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was used to assess treatment adherence. The treatment response was assessed using a six-point scale. Results: Significant differences were found in the scores on the 10 subscales of the CASS-L among the 3 groups. The Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) scores showed a positive correlation with the scores of the subscales of the CASS-L, with 3 of them at a moderate level and 7 at a weak level. Five MMAS subscales had a weak correlation and 5 had a moderate correlation with the CASS-L subscale scores. The 9 subscales and the treatment response showed a slight negative correlation. Conclusion: ADHD is one of the many psychiatric comorbidities that frequently coexist with acne vulgaris. Its treatment is long-term and achieving a good treatment response relies heavily on patient adherence. Our study, which showed a decrease in acne treatment adherence and response as ADHD symptoms increased, will raise awareness among dermatologists to be more vigilant in their approach to this patient group.
Real-Life Analysis of Therapeutic Management and Its Correlation With the Dermatology Life Quality Index Score in 108 Patients With Pustular Psoriasis: An Italian Monocenter Study
Authors: Buononato Dario , Scala Emanuele , Benvenuto Pierfrancesco , Caccavale Stefano , Di Brizzi Eugenia Veronica , Di Caprio Roberta , Argenziano Giuseppe , Balato Anna
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Pustular psoriasis (PP) is a rare life-threatening skin disease with negatively impact on quality of life (QoL). Clinically, it may be systemic (generalized pustular psoriasis [GPP]) or localized on palms and soles (palmoplantar pustulosis [PPP]). It is not rare to observe plaque psoriasis associated with GPP. Objective: We explored the therapies used for PP and their correlation with patient QoL scores, through a cross-sectional study using retrospective data from a monocentric database in the period 2017-2021. Method: Patient characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics and treatment predictors of QoL were identified by multiple regression analysis. Among 108 patients with PP, 57.4% had GPP + PSO whereas 42.6% had PPP. The therapeutic management is based on systemic conventional treatments and biological therapies in both GPP and PPP. Results: GPP + PSO patients with an impaired QoL (DLQI≥10) were associated with biological therapy including certolizumab (OR=2.38), etanercept (OR=2.25), secukinumab (OR=2.03) or ustekinumab (OR=2.79) whereas, PPP patients were positively associated with secukinumab (OR=2.85) or apremilast (OR 4.28, 95%-CI 0.56-9.62). Conclusion: Currently, systemic conventional therapy remains the therapeutic fulcrum of PP management. A great effect on QoL, especially for GPP+PSO, was assessed regardless the ongoing treatment and only newer biologic options were able to somehow positively impact.
The role of management tasks in radical organizational changings
Authors: Berde Csaba , Gál Zsuzsa
Published: January 2025

Management tasks and change management are intricately linked in modern
organizations. Managers should lead their team in a stable environment where
they must adapt to changes in the external environment. Without the application
of change management strategies, it is difficult for managers to perform well
with rapidly changing market demands. Nowadays, the existence of general
management tasks is becoming increasingly important. In this article, through
organizational case studies, we examine how management tasks appear during
successful organizational changes, and what role a manager has in leading team
effectively under permanent changes. In our results, we point out to what extent
management tasks drafted by Fayol (1916) are necessary for organizational
adaptation.
Systematic Literature Review: Consumer Behavior In The Use Of Credit Cards And Pay Later Payment Systems
Authors: Kusmalinda Thania
Published: January 2025

In today's digital era where there are many technological transformations, the ease of conducting financial transactions is one of the things that many people enjoy. One of the services that is widely used is credit cards and pay later systems. A credit card is a payment instrument using a card where the cardholder's payment obligation is fulfilled by the issuer first, then the cardholder is required to make payments at the agreed time, either in full or in installments. Pay later is a type of short-term loan through a digital platform that allows users to purchase goods and then make payments through a series of installments. The purpose of this literature is to investigate using a systematic literature review method (Systematic Literature Review) from various studies to find out how consumer behavior is towards the use of credit cards and pay later. In this study, it was found that demographic factors and consumer behavior have an important role in the use of both payment systems. The use of credit cards is driven by adequate economic factors such as high income. In using the pay later payment system, young consumers (<29 years) tend to have impulsive buying behavior. The drive for a modern lifestyle and a lifestyle that leads to hedonism makes them interested in going into debt. Individuals who have strong self-control tend to be better able to resist excessive use of credit cards and pay later systems. The implication of this finding is to provide input to the public not to use credit cards and pay later excessively because Lots impact negative that will appear.
Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetik Dengan Metode Penghambatan ? -Amilase Oleh Ekstrak Etanol Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera (L.) Burm. F.)
Authors: Gosal Leonardo Delvin , Mambo Christi Diana , Nangoy Edward , Fatimawali Fatimawali , Posangi Jimmy , Regina Masengi Angelina Stevany
Published: January 2025

Diabetes melitus merupakan gangguan metabolisme yang ditandai oleh adanya peningkatan kadar gula darah yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius. Salah satu pendekatan terapi untuk mengelola diabetes adalah menghambat aktivitas enzim ?-amilase, yang berperan dalam proses pencernaan karbohidrat. Lidah buaya (Aloe vera) mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti alkaloid, tanin, dan saponin yang berpotensi menghambat enzim ?-amilase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil fitokimia pada ekstrak etanol lidah buaya serta mengetahui potensinya dalam menghambat enzim ?-amilase. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Skrining fitokimia dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa fitokimia secara kualitatif dan pengujian aktivitas penghambatan dilakukan pada berbagai konsentrasi dengan akarbose sebagai kontrol positif serta larutan iodine sebagai indikator. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstak etanol lidah buaya mengandung senyawa alkaloid, tanin, dan saponin. Ekstrak etanol lidah buaya menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan enzim ?-amilase, dengan efektivitas tertinggi tercapai pada konsentrasi 80 ppm yang menghasilkan persentase penghambatan sebesar 59%. Nilai IC50 yang diperoleh mencapai ± 62,203 ppm, sedangkan akarbose, sebagai pembanding, memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar ± 41,040 ppm. Ekstrak etanol lidah buaya berpotensi menjadi agen antidiabetik alami melalui mekanisme penghambatan enzim ?-amilase, meskipun efektivitasnya lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol positif.
Greedy Work and the New Gendered Division of Labour
Authors: Jauch Malte ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: January 2025

Recent years have seen the emergence of a new gendered division of labour. More men than women occupy ‘greedy jobs’ that offer high wages and swift career progress in return for long work hours and unforeseeable schedules. As a result, women earn less income and occupy fewer positions of power than men. This division of labour is the result of patriarchal norms that make it costlier for women than for men to occupy greedy jobs. This article analyses the morality of greedy employment. It offers a novel explanation of why norms that give rise to the new gendered division of labour are morally objectionable. The main claim is that it is morally objectionable to adopt the new gendered division of labour because this perpetuates patriarchal norms that impose unjustifiable costs on others.
Patterns of Hormonal Contraceptive Utilization Among Women with Retroviral Disease Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy at a Referral Hospital in Kenya
Authors: Mbori Akinyi Beldina , Momanyi Lydia , Jeff Murangiri Gitonga , James Mutei Musiva
Published: January 2025

Understanding the intricate interplay between hormonal contraceptive utilization and the unique healthcare needs of women with retroviral disease on antiretroviral therapy is of paramount importance in ensuring effective family planning strategies and optimal health outcomes. This research examined the patterns of hormonal contraceptive usage among this specific demographic within the setting of a referral hospital in Kenya, shedding light on the factors influencing choice, preferences, and the broader implications for reproductive health. A cross-sectional retrospective study design was employed for this study, conducted at the Comprehensive Care Centre of Nakuru County Referral and Teaching Hospital in Kenya. The Taro Yamane formula determined the sample size, yielding 226 participants. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire validated through a pilot study, employing random sampling. Data was protected, monitored, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-squared test, with ethical considerations in place. The sociodemographic characteristics of participants were analyzed. Most were aged 35-39, married, self-employed, and had at least secondary education. Public hospitals were the primary source of contraceptives. Pregnancy prevention was the main reason for hormonal contraceptive use. Injectable contraceptives were preferred (37%), followed by implants (31.9%) and IUDs (15.7%). Notable association between employment status and use of specific contraceptives (P-value=0.007175) was found to be statistically significant. Further, there was a statistically significant association between ease of availability of implants (P-value=0.02), ease of use of injectables (P-value=0.05), and fewer side effects of IUDs (P-value=0.00) and their preference. We recommend emphasizing postpartum contraception services, ensuring contraceptive availability in public hospitals, promoting long-acting reversible contraceptives, and providing tailored counseling and education to empower women's informed choices.
Evaluation of Knowledge and Skills Retention on Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care Among Skilled Birth Attendants in Selected Counties of Western Kenya
Authors: Kibiwott Doris , Sum Ann Mwangi , Kang'ethe Simeon
Published: January 2025

Maternal mortality remains a pressing concern in the African Region, with preventable deaths occurring every two minutes globally. Despite concerted efforts to mitigate this issue, the African Region continues to grapple with a high maternal mortality ratio, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) has trained skilled birth attendants (SBA) since 2017 to reduce maternal deaths to 70/100,000 live births. However, Kenya still reported a high maternal death rate of 362/100,000 live births (KDHS 2022) which is unacceptably high and this prompted an investigation into whether knowledge and skills deterioration one year after training contribute to thishigh mortality rate. This study sought to evaluate the retention rate of knowledge and skills from BEmONC training among skilled birth attendants in Kisumu and Vihiga counties. The theoretical framework adopted for this study was Kirkpatrick’s four training evaluation levels. A cross-sectional quantitative method was used in the randomly selected health facilities in Kisumu and Vihiga counties. The study population consisted of skilled birth attendants trained in Basic Emergency Obstetrics and Newborn Care (BEMNOC) one year before this study. A sample size of 170 was determined using Fisher’s formula and selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire featuring multiple choice questions for knowledge assessment, a checklist for partograph completeness, and case scenarios for skills evaluations. Quantitative data was summarized using proportions and median while inferential statistics was carried out using logistic regressions. Quality of care (QoC) was assessed against international best practices and standards with a cut-score set at >70% correct answers, determined by the criterion-referenced test evaluation modeladopted from the Modified Angoff (1971) methodology. Out of the 170 SBA, the response rate was 88%. The majority of the respondents were female (69.8%), aged between 30-34 years (29.3%), and held diploma-level education (59.7%). Overall median knowledge retention at 36.9%, skills retention at 58.64%, and partograph completion at 52.9% all falling below the study’s retention rate benchmark of over 70%. The years after BEmONC training and BEmONC retention rate had a statistically significant relationship (OR;95% CI: 0.45;0.19- 1.08, p=0.047) among those between 2-3 years since training. The knowledge and skills retention did not meet the > 70 % expected pass rate. However, skills retention showed higher retention as compared to knowledge Recommendations: There is a need for regular refresher training, supportive supervision, and improved institutional support to enhance the quality of care provided by skilled birth attendants
Clinical Dental Photography: Part 1
Authors: Roshan Ambrish
Published: January 2025

The first of this two-part series will aim to cover the equipment required as well as the common settings used to capture reproducible clinical images of our dental patients.
FOREIGN AID IN AFRICA: CHALLENGES TO THE REALISATION OF THE AFRICAN CONTINENTAL FREE TRADE AGREEMENT
Authors: Ogadinma Onyema Otitodiri , Roland C Uwakwe
Published: January 2025

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) is an initiative that is intended to create the biggest free trade area in the world. It came into being as a result of the fact that a number of nations, both on and off the African continent, showed their interest in actively participating in the agreement. The AfCFTA intends to remove trade barriers that exist on the continent and open a wide market for manufacturers and producers to circulate their products without any hindrance. The impact of foreign aid on the realisation of the AfCFTA remains the focus of this research. This research contends that foreign aid would hinder the implementation of the agreement. It further argued that foreign assistance affects the continent of Africa negatively, and the continent has become a dumping ground for foreign goods and services as a result of foreign aid. It adopted the modernisation and dependency theories to justify or reject the need for developing countries to receive assistance from donor nations. The research recommends self-reliance as a key factor in accelerating intra-African trade and boosting Africa’s trading position in the global market by strengthening Africa’s common voice and policy space in global trade negotiations in line with the relevant provisions of International Economic Law. It finally concludes that all African countries, including, the countries that are parties to the AfCFTA, should be mindful of the negative impacts of foreign aid in their efforts to attain sustainable and inclusive socio-economic development throughout the continent.
The Influence of Teachers’ Personal Qualities on the Formation of Students’ Value Orientations
Authors: Ayvazyan Hermine
Published: January 2025

Key words: values, values system, moral qualities, moral culture, pedagogical conditions, professional curriculum

In contemporary times, significant changes are occurring across all areas of state and social life, leading to the transformation and deformation of value systems. This necessitates new approaches to shaping the moral character of the younger generation. This article explores the relationship between the personality of a teacher and the development of students’ value orientations. Through an analysis of foundational sources on axiology and educational theories, a framework of essential moral qualities for teachers has been developed. Survey data from teachers and students reveal that respondents have a limited understanding of the moral model of the modern teacher. This gap could negatively influence the formation of students’ value orientations and needs to be filled, so, the article proposes several solutions to this issue. The system of value orientations is not given once and for all: with changes in living conditions, the personality itself, new values appear, and sometimes their full or partial revaluation occurs. The value orientations of students, as the most dynamic part of Russian society, are the first to undergo changes caused by various processes occurring in the life of the country.
The Image of Young Parents on the Child and Their Role in Child’s Life
Authors: Bezhanyan Seda
Published: January 2025

Key words: clinical-biographical method, life position of parents, personal position of parents, social role determination of parents, degree of consent

When studying the upbringing of a child in a family and the relationship between a parent and a child, it is necessary to take into account the cause-and-effect relationship between deviations, as well as the patterns between the formation of the child's psychology and psychological disorders in the family.
The included method of the observation is used in the clinical-biographical and pedagogical-psychological complex. Along with these methods, various pedagogic-psychological techniques are used, helping to analyze deviations in the educational impact on the child.
The questionnaire consists of 100 statements about young parents. questions reflecting the basic principles of raising children, giving an idea of the role models in the family structure, showing the mechanisms of the system of mutual influences of family integration. The parent must read the statements in the questionnaire and, in case of agreement, either select the appropriate line in the special “Answer Form” or, in case of disagreement, delete the answer. As a result, the educator gets a solution to two problems: by what principles and why the child grows.
What matters is how well the child’s various needs are met. There are two transgressions: self-indulgence and neglect of needs.
Coordinación Motora, Calidad de vida percibida e Índice de Masa Corporal en escolares con y sin participación en deportes extraescolares
Authors: Luna-Villouta Pablo Felipe , Matus-Castillo Carlos , Alarcón-Rivera Miguel , Hernández-Mosqueira Claudio , Flores-Rivera Carol , Faúndez- Casanova Cesar , Castillo-Retamal Marcelo , Vargas Vitoria Rodrigo
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la coordinación motora, calidad de vida percibida y el Índice de Masa Corporal entre escolares que participan en actividades deportivas extraescolares (GDEP) y aquellos que solo participan de clases de educación física (GEFI). Participaron 252 escolares chilenos (83 mujeres y 169 hombres; 11.5±0.7 años). La Calidad de vida percibida se evaluó con el cuestionario KIDSCREEN-27. La coordinación motora (CM) se evaluó con la batería de Körperkoordinations test Für Kinder (KTK). Además, se midió la talla y peso corporal. Se calculó el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC). Los resultados mostraron que los escolares del GDEP obtienen mejores rendimientos en CM que los del GEFI (p<0.05) tamaño del efecto (TE) moderado (d= 0.28 a 0.45). En Calidad de vida percibida, hubo diferencia significativa, en la dimensión “Actividad física y salud” (p<0.01), TE moderado (d= 0.52). Asimismo, se observaron mejores valores para GDEP en Peso Corporal (p<0.05) e IMC (p<0.01), con TE moderado (d= 0.30 y 0.28; respectivamente). Además, en GDEP los Normopeso presentaron mejores resultados en CM que aquellos con Obesidad (p<0.05). En el GEFI, los Normopeso obtuvieron mejores valores en equilibrio a la retaguardia, saltos monopedales, total test KTK y en la percepción de “Actividad Física y salud” (p<0.05). Se concluye que los escolares que participan en deportes extraescolares presentan mejor CM, percepción de bienestar físico y salud, Peso Corporal e IMC. Además, los escolares con obesidad muestran déficit en CM y menores niveles de percepción de calidad de vida en actividad física y salud.
Holiness as wholeness : ethical implications towards an inclusive understanding of the HIV/AIDS crisis in Kenya
Authors: Miriago James Eroni
Published: January 2025

This study presents a critical examination of holiness as wholeness – ethical implications towards an inclusive understanding of the HIV/AIDS crisis in Kenya. The understanding of holiness and its interpretation has contributed to the stigmatisation of those infected and affected by HIV and AIDS. The study calls for a theologically based re-interpretation of holiness, firstly, by evaluating and interpreting a Pentecostals understanding of HIV and AIDS and its effects on stigma and discrimination; secondly, it aims to assess how the doctrine of holiness as wholeness is challenged by the impact of HIV and AIDS in the Redeemed Gospel Church (RGC), a concrete Pentecostal church in East Africa; and thirdly, it aims to propose a new approach to the doctrine of holiness as wholeness, which could be applied in the Pentecostal African context globally.
The value of critical knowledge, ethics and education : philosophical history bringing epistemic and critical values to values
Authors: Haaz Ignace
Published: January 2025

This book aims at six important conceptual tools developed by philosophers to address the meaning of ethics. The author develops each particular view in a chapter, hoping to constitute at the end a concise, interesting and easily readable whole. These concepts are: 1. Ethics and realism: elucidation of the distinction between understanding and explanation – the lighthouse type of normativity. 2. Leadership, antirealism and moral psychology – the lightning rod type of normativity. 3. Bright light on self-identity and positive reciprocity – the reciprocity type of normativity. 4. The virtue of generosity and its importance for inclusive education – the divine will type of normativity. 5. Ethical education as normative philosophical perspective. The normativity of self-transformation in education. 6. Aesthetics as expression of human freedom and concern for the whole world in which we live, and which lives in us. We share an artistic presence in communities of practice, and across wider human circles, and finally seek to unite in the celebration of friendship and humanity across boundaries in a philosophical garden.
Navigating University Life: A Qualitative Study of Social and Academic Challenges and Coping Strategies Among Introvert Students in Higher Education
Authors: Shazia Shahzadi*  , Naureen Munir  , Naqeeb Ullah  , Abdul Qayoom Mahar  , Sourath Mahar
Published: January 2025

This qualitative study investigated the social and academic challenges encountered by introvert university students, aiming to deepen the understanding of their distinct experiences. Through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 12 undergraduate students from Foundation University in Rawalpindi, the study identified key challenges faced by introverts. Participants expressed that social anxiety, particularly in group discussions and public speaking, led to discomfort and avoidance of activities that interfered with their academic performance. The findings indicated issues related to academic support and social interactions, often resulting in negative self-perceptions and feelings of isolation. Students reported difficulties in connecting with peers, which impacted their engagement with the learning process. Nonetheless, the results revealed that introvert students employed various coping strategies, such as seeking solitude for reflection, utilizing learning environments effectively, and seeking assistance from peers and instructors. The study underscored the necessity for educational institutions to accommodate the diverse needs of introvert students through integrated teaching methods and tailored support programs.
Keywords: Academic challenges, Coping strategies, Introversion, Qualitative study, Social challenges, University students
A Study on the Content Analysis of 5th Grade English Textbook in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Anwar  , Rashid Mustafa  , Dr. Javed Mustafa
Published: January 2025

This evaluative study was conducted to analyze the contents of fifth Grade English textbook published by the Punjab Textbook Board. Evaluation of the textbook was done by following Evaluation Criteria presented by Cunnings worth. Evaluation was done through content analysis. Aim of this research was to evaluate strengths and weaknesses regarding its alignment with educational standard.  The evaluation identifies three primary weaknesses: inconsistency with Grade five learning levels, complex language structures that may hinder comprehension of fundamental concepts, and limited alignment of reading activities with the four foundational language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing). The study also explored decrease students’ motivation and learning outcomes due to vocabulary and grammar structures that exceed the cognitive abilities of typical Grade five learners. This study provides insights for educators and textbook developers to revisit the textbooks and inculcate the materials for enhancing English language instruction and the required language skills necessary for learners at primary level in Punjab.
Key Words: Content Analysis, English Textbook, Fifth grade Level.
“Insights into Behavioral Challenges in ASD Children in Peshawar Autism Centers and Parental Perspectives on its Management: A mixed method study”
Authors: Malak Amanullah Khan  , Hafsa Habib  , Mifrah Rauf sethi  , Shayan Sharif  , M Afaq Khan Yousafzai
Published: January 2025

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex brain development condition that includes repetitive behaviors, limited interests, and challenges with social skills and communication. To understand common behavioral issues in children with autism and to learn how parents view the available treatments and their effectiveness. A mixed method study was conducted on Autistic children in Peshawar Autisms center in which a CBCL questionnaire were filled by parents of total sample 250(Open epi with 95%confidence interval) in first phase within 3 months (Nov/2023-jan/2024) while 20 in-depth interviews of 09 questions were taken from their parents in 2nd phase within 15 days (Feb /2024). Random sampling was used for quantitative data while purposive sampling was used for quantitative data collection. The qualitative data was analyzed using Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke’s thematic analysis method through NVivo 14, while the quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS 26 for measuring frequency, mean and total score.  In all, 250 questionnaires were filled by parents of Autistic children with mean age of 3.5years. Among them the most prevalent behavioral issues were aggression (24%), attention problems (19%), withdrawal (16%), and somatic problems (15%). 44 codes were generated from the qualitative interviews, which further divided into 15 categories and emerged into 4 themes. (1) Parental Challenges in Rearing ASD Children, (2) Goals and Effectiveness of early intervention in ASD, (3) Key Components of Successful Autism Management, (4) Parental Satisfaction & Suggestions. Majority of parents (70%) expressed full satisfaction with the available resources for managing autism, and they have observed improvements in their children's behavior like Attention & verbal communication through various early interventions. In Peshawar, early intervention at autism centers helps manage common behavioral issues aggression and attention issues in autistic children. Parents advise seeking timely support and awareness for better outcomes.  
Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Parent; Therapies.
Biological Alternative Conceptions of Secondary School Students About Heredity: A Case Study
Authors: Farkhanda Iqbal  , Muzammila Akram
Published: January 2025

Primarily the study is intended to diagnose Alternative conceptions of secondary level student about heredity to comprehend the main ideas of the heredity like cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis. Like vise it also explored the main reasons that develop alternative conceptions. To attain the objectives of the study case study was acquired. Four (4) public schools of Bahawalpur city were selected through random sampling.  Formerly 200 students of IX grade were selected as a purposive sample of the research work. A distinct instrument labelled as a diagnostic test to quantify the alternative conceptions about heredity (DT). Renowned and experienced subject specialists of biology authenticated the (DT). To find the reliability a pilot test was intended through test retest method. The coefficient relation (r) was (0.96). To measure the internal consistency of the instrument. the Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated through SPSS 2026 version; its value was (0.87). On the base of result of diagnostic test interview 50 students were selected purposively. The result indicated that 20% items were concept based. So prior weak knowledge, second language difficulty, poor explanation of lecture created alternative conception. On the base of findings recommendations were proposed e.g. (active participation of learning, use of teaching aids) for better understanding.
Administrative Burden Scale – Development and Psychometric Properties
Authors: Shabana Noureen  , Shamaila Asad
Published: January 2025

The research on administrative burden is highly important as it provides a tool to measure and address administrative burdens in academic settings, contributing to improved work efficiency and job satisfaction. Teaching and research responsibilities, along with administrative burdens such as paperwork and institutional requirements, place significant demands on assistant professors in universities. The purpose of the study was to develop the administrative burden scale (ABS) for assistant professors in the English language. The study was conducted in different steps. Initially, a construct was conceptualized, and then an item pool of 55 items was generated for the administrative burden. After that committee approach was involved to determine face and content validity through the item content validity index (I-CVI) based on 7 experts. Later on, pilot testing was conducted on 30 assistant professors, selected through a purposive sampling technique. Lastly, exploratory factor analysis was performed on a sample of 200 assistant professors. The ABS consisted of 24 items divided into 4 subscales - documentation & paperwork, meetings & committees, students support & communication, and research & publication. Four factors account for 69.23% variance in the dataset, which play a substantial role in explaining the observed variability, providing valuable information about the underlying structure of the construct. All the factors had an alpha reliability of more than 0.70, which supports the notion of internal consistency. The study was able to create a valid scale which defines areas that assistant professors consider to be most administratively demanding. It is a useful tool in understanding the burdens that these employees experience. Its use can help design policies and interventions that alleviate administrative burden thus enhancing faculty health and productivity in teaching and research.
Interplay of Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Teaching Competencies in Science: A Quantitative Inquiry Through the Lens of Science Teachers
Authors: Dr. Farah Deeba  , Dr. Iqbal Ahmad  , Aisha Nargis
Published: January 2025

Science teachers’ self-efficacy towards teaching of science play a vital role to enhance their teaching competencies in this subject. The present study was carried out to investigate interplay of science teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and their teaching competencies in subject of Science. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design in which 444 subject specialists of Science teaching in 213 High Schools of District Multan were the population of the study. Questionnaire was administered over all teachers by using Census method out of which total 395 responded to the study scale. The study used two Likert type scales to measure the studied variables; self-efficacy beliefs and teaching competencies in Science. The overall combined reliability of the two scales was (r=.934).To analyze the data, both Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used. Under Descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, Mean Score and Standard Deviation were counted and Pearson’s r was used for correlational analysis as inferential statistics. Study results showed that majority of respondents (science teachers) believed that they possess high self-efficacy and also have good teaching competence in their science teaching. Study results also indicated that the teachers have very high levels of self-efficacy beliefs and moderate level of teaching competence in science teaching. The study found a strong, significant and positive interplay between self-efficacy and teaching competence in Science. Gender based interplay between the variables was also found strong. The study recommended that continuous professional workshops be conducted for the teachers in which they may learn motivational techniques for their students as in their view even with good teaching skills due to demotivation students they feel themselves unable to motivate students to learn science and enhance their interest for science.
Role of Forensic Evidence in the Criminal Trials; A Legal Analysis in Pakistan Perspective
Authors: Amir Aleem Saddique  , Muzzammil Hussain  , Mohsan Iqbal  , Bilal Ahmad
Published: January 2025

This research analyze how Forensic evidence impacts the criminal justice setup in Pakistan. It delves into the types of forensic evidence used, in the way that DNA profiling, fingerprint study, ballistics, and digital forensics, and explores their request in high-profile cases like the Zainab Ansari case and the Benazir Bhutto assassination. The study too highlights the function of forensic specialists in trials and the important impact of forensic evidence on trial effects, containing embellishing veracity and barring illegal confidences. The paper recognizes various challenges faced in the productive use of forensic evidence in Pakistan, containing old-fashioned supplies, lack of patterned processes, source restraints, and lacking preparation for permissible pros. It again discusses the legal and uniform structure commanding forensic evidence, noticing that while organizations like the Punjab Forensic Science Agency have created important tramps, there are still gaps that need to be addressed. Key pieces of advice for reconstructing the use of forensic evidence contain renovating the permissible foundation, investing in up-to-date technology, extending forensic assistances, and improving preparation for forensic specialists and legal experts. The research underlines the need for public knowledge campaigns to build count on forensic skill and desires that future studies should devote effort to something approximate analyses with additional nations, the impact of concerning details progresses, and public understanding of forensic evidence. By addressing these issues, the unification of forensic evidence into Pakistan's criminal justice setup maybe considerably enhanced, superior to more trustworthy and just consequences in criminal trials.
Experiences of Postpartum Depression in Pakistan: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Mariyum Amjad  , Dr Asma Majeed  , Komal Imran
Published: January 2025

This current study was conducted to explore the experiences of postpartum depression in Pakistan. This is not a novel phenomenon in Pakistan; however, the societal norms and taboos have stigmatized it. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore what women in Pakistan go through while dealing with postpartum depression. Previous researches in Pakistan have not been sufficient enough to highlight the postpartum women's experiences, thus, rationalizing the need for this study. Adopting a qualitative approach, the study consisted of six participants (women residing in Lahore) who had experienced postpartum depression. The participants belonged to diverse backgrounds and with the help of in-depth semi-structured interviews, their experiences were collected. After a thorough thematic analysis, seven major themes emerged. The findings of the study shed light on the sufferings of women experiencing PPD, how their psychological, physical, and social well-being was compromised and how they managed it while overcoming the stigma of mental disorders in a country like Pakistan.
The Role of Faith-Based Coping Mechanisms in Enhancing Mental Resilience: A Study Among Muslim Students
Authors: Shehar Bano  , Waqeem Akram  , Umm E Habiba  , Hafsa Arshad
Published: January 2025

Students’ mental health issues have received a lot of attention around the world. In this respect, religious beliefs, especially from students of the Islamic faith have benefits in boosting the ability to cope with stress and other mental conditions. More information about how Islam helps with mental health is explained in this article such as praying, reciting the Quran, having family and friends, and relying on Allah (Tawakkul). Most of the findings provide support for the use of faith-based models in psychological therapies, especially in the formulation of an integrated package of care for psychologists’ clients. In this research, the scholars intend to explore how Salah, (prayers) and reading the Quran improve mental health among students. An exploratory cross-sectional survey research design using both quantitative and qualitative data was employed to analyze the effects on stress coping and mental health of these religious practices. Questions posed to the participants included the number of times they performed Salah, reading of the Quran, and other religious-related activities used to address stress. It also examined practitioners’ endowed impressions of how efficacious such practices are for fostering psychological fortitude and incorporated queries regarding the way faith may facilitate overcoming mental illness in the Self-Reflexive portion. The study hypothesized was that religious practices such as Salah, and Quranic recitation improve the psychological well-being of Muslim students. The survey asked participants to rate these practices on the scale and free comments indicated how faith helps people cope with emotions, stress, and other challenges. As the results pointed their finger to the positive relationship between increased regular religious attendance on stress-related coping, the present findings are consistent with the other research evidencing the salutary effects of spirituality on mental health. It emerged that faith-based practices enable Muslim students to persevere in issues aching their academic or social lives. However, participants also expressed difficulties in sustaining such practice during certain periods, for example, time pressure or limited resources. The work indicates that the adaptation of religion-based values into university counseling services may be helpful in addressing the psychological needs of Muslim students. In addition, the current study urges subsequent studies to look at the part that Imams, Chaplains, and self-help groups can jointly play in improving the psychological well-being of Muslim students. I can safely assume that by incorporating religious concepts into models of support for mental health, universities may adapt better to the currently diverse student rolls.