bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydraulic characteristics of countercurrent jets on adverse-sloped beds
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Zhen , Diao Ming-jun
Published: September 2021

The counter-current jet (CCJ) acts like a reverse surface jet layer covering the free jump surface and has potential applications in the energy dissipation of hydraulic engineering. The present study investigated the hydraulic characteristics of CCJs on adverse-sloped beds. The results showed that, compared to the horizontal bed, the slope didn't increase the energy dissipation rate of CCJ but reduced the return flow length and upstream depth. The velocity distribution along the depth was divided into the boundary layer region, mixing region, and reverse surface jet region. The velocity distribution in the boundary layer region and the mixing region was similar to the classical wall jet. The jet Froude number and the bed slope had no significant effect on the turbulence intensity distribution and turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) distribution of CCJ. The distribution of TKE was similar to that of a submerged jump. The maximum absolute turbulence intensity appeared at exactly half of the maximum velocity. The maximum TKE appeared at the mixing region. Besides, empirical formulas for estimating length scales and maximum velocity attenuation are proposed. The results could provide a reference for the potential application of CCJ in energy dissipation in hydraulic engineering.
EFFECT OF PLAN TEXTRACTS ON THE LEVEL OF FREE-RADICAL PROCESSES IN HUMAN CELLS
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Alkhaddour A. , Mashkina E.V. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don
Published: September 2021

We evaluated the effects of extracts from the pomegranate (Punica granatum), vine (Vitis vinifera) seeds and garlic (Allium sativum) on free-radical reactions in human cells in relation to SNPs in the SOD2and СAT genes. The object was human peripheral leukocytes cultured in the presence of extracts from pomegranate (1.2; 2.4 %), garlic (0.5; 1.2 %) and vine seeds (1.2; 2.4 %). Intensity of free-radical reactions was assessed by a fast flash and flashlight sum of the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (LDCL). Alleles of SOD2and СAT were analyzed using allele-specific PCR. The results showed that the pomegranate extract decreases LDCL intensity reliably in comparison with the control. Extracts of the garlic (1.2 %) and vine seeds (1.2 %) increase LDCL intensity. Correlation was established between the genotype determined by polymorphism of SOD2 gene Ala16Val (rs4880) and fast flash intensity during human cell cultivation with the extract of vine seeds (1.2 %).
PRELIMINARY ESTIMATION OF COMBINED EXPENSES ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-RELIABILITY PHYSICO-CHEMICAL LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR REMOTE SPACE MISSIONS WITH REGARD TO COMMON CAUSE FAILURES
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Kudryavtseva N.S. , Sorokin А.Е. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University)
Published: September 2021

We have made a preliminary comprehensive cost estimation for reliability of life support systems (LSS) in 1000-d remote space exploration missions with the loss-of-crew probability at 0.0001 due to failure of hybrid, partly and maximally closed-loop LSSs currently used onboard the ISS Russian segment. Comprehensive cost of a simplified test program is 5-times higher than cost of any LSS. A beta-factor parametric model was used to analyze LSS reliability against common cause failures (CCFs) when reiterative redundancy cannot provide superhigh reliability. It appears that the required reliability against CCFs is achievable on the diversification principle, i.e. reiterative diverse redundancy of basic LSS technologies. The estimated LSS cost is twice as much in comparison with the traditional approach that takes into account independent failures only. Diverse inherent cold redundancy can reduce the cost about 30 % provided that R&D expenses on regenerative subsystems are equal.
Bezdomność warszawska – wykluczeni mieszkaniowo. Innowacyjna formuła pomocy mieszkaniowej – Społeczna Agencja Najmu
Authors: Olszak Mariusz
Published: September 2021

W artykule zostanie opisane zjawisko bezdomności oraz pomoc osobom bezdomnym na przykładzie warszawskich instytucji. Oblicza wykluczenia mieszkaniowego, w tym bezdomności, będą ukazane poprzez osobiste narracje w wywiadach biograficznych osób bezdomnych. Artykuł przedstawia wnioski praktyczne z pilotażu jednego z programu pomocy mieszkaniowej, jakim jest innowacyjna Społeczna Agencja Najmu.
Jarosław Macała, Tylko ziemia się nie zmienia. Wyobrażenia geopolityczne w polskiej muzyce popularnej po 1989 roku, Wydawnictwo Naukowe FNCE, Poznań 2020, s. 431
Authors: Pałuba Damian
Published: September 2021

W 2004 roku Szewach Weiss zaapelował do polskich socjologów, by zainteresowali się badaniem dynamiki głosowań eurowizyjnych (Weiss 2004: 108 i 109). Apel ten nie spotkał się jednak z szerokim odzewem, gdyż były wówczas tematy ważniejsze od muzyki: stan polskiego szkolnictwa po wprowadzeniu reformy systemu oświaty z 1999 roku, sytuacja międzynarodowa po zamachach terrorystycznych w Madrycie i Nowym Jorku czy integracja Polski z Unią Europejską po rozszerzeniu tej ostatniej.
Korumasız Triküspid Kapak Orifisinin İki Yeni Olgusu
Authors: Sert Ahmet , Yılmaz Nezire , Konak Murat , Oc Mehmet
Published: September 2021

Korumasız triküspid kapak nadir görülen bir malformasyondur. Triküspid kapak ve subvalvüler aparatın tam veya kısmi agenezisi ile karakterizedir. Triküspid kapak yapılarının tamamen yokluğu genellikle pulmoner atrezi ve sağlam ventriküler septum ile ilişkilidir. Korumasız triküspid kapak orifis tanısı konulan iki vaka bildiriyoruz. Korumasız triküspid kapak orifisi literatürde nadir bildirildiği için bu olgular sunuldu.
Meckel’s Diverticulitis Causing Small Bowel Intussusception: A Case Report
Authors: Çolak Edis
Published: September 2021

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is considered the most common congenital gastrointestinal malformation affecting 2% of the population. Complications including hemorrhage, diverticulitis, and intestinal obstruction occur in only 4% of patients with MD. This article presents the imaging findings of a small bowel intussusception caused by Meckel’s diverticulitis in a 10-year-old girl.
Construction of "moral thinking" centered on critical thinking: Developing reasoning power for elementary and junior high school students
Authors: Ikeda Masami , Miyamoto Koji
Published: September 2021

In order to minimize various social risks, including situations such as COVID-19, each person needs to make decisions and act calmly with morals. To do that, it is insufficient to merely aim for children to receive basic acquaintance and information literacy. The future will require
more to be gained from education, including the provision of human-specific skills such as creativity and emotional intelligence. It is essential to teach concepts such as empathy and harmonious coexistence, preparing children for the future and leading to further benefits for society. There
is a particular emphasis on moral education in Japan, where a policy of 'Moral Education through Thinking and Discussion' is being pursued. Professor Masami Ikeda, Jumonji University, and Associate Professor Koji Miyamoto, Tokyo Kasei University, are collaborating to create a moral critical
thinking workbook. The goal is to address Japan's policy aims, as well as the current lack of critical thinking teaching in schools. The researchers are emphasising the importance of moral thinking centred on critical thinking to build a rich symbiotic relationship. With the Japanese state's
drive for the 'Moral Education of Thinking and Discussion', this is now being taught as a new class in schools, which prompted Ikeda and Miyamoto to look at how morality is, and can be further, linked to critical thinking. The researchers are also interested in cognitive bias and are seeking
to make people more aware of their personal biases. Ikeda and Miyamoto have conducted trial classes and large-scale questionnaires in order to acquire evidence for their novel moral thinking approach. They have created a new moral thinking scale comprising four cornerstone moral thinking factors:
contributing individuals; impartial individuals; responsible individuals; and family-minded individuals.
Self-regulated learning in science
Authors: Wada Ichiro
Published: September 2021

Children learn in different ways and so it is important that different teaching and learning styles are used in education. Professor Ichiro Wada, Professional School for Teacher Education in Education, Yokohama National University, Japan, wants to leverage self-regulated learning for
science education. A key goal for his work is to clarify the relationship between the establishment of self-regulated learning and the construction of scientific concepts. He believes that self-regulated learning in science is important for improving educational issues in Japan. A key challenge
for Wada is seeing how children think and self-regulate in order that teachers can design improved lessons. To overcome this, he used technology to encourage students to express and record their thoughts which provided an insight into how the children were thinking and learning. The researchers
have been successful in visualising the learning process and plan to use their findings to help science teachers to design lessons that relate the process of self-regulated learning to the process of constructing scientific concepts. Wada plans to continue to promote self-regulated learning
and will also tackle the social context of self-regulated learning and design lessons that consider these social aspects.
Over de verborgenheid van God. De preken van rabbi Shapira in het getto van Warschau
Authors: Prosman A.A.A.
Published: September 2021

This article examines sermons on the hiddenness of God rabbi Shapira delivered during the years 1939-1942 under unbearable circumstances in the ghetto of Warsaw. Based on studies of the Hebrew Bible and the Jewish tradition, the Hasidic rabbi explores the problem of God’s hiddenness in order to support perseverance in this dreadful environment. The article begins with a summary of non-European rabbinical reactions to the rumours of eradication of the Jews and then proceeds to discuss rabbi Shapira’s five ‘concepts’ of God's hiddenness. These concepts find their theological focus in the unity of God and his people.
Automated Monitoring of Suicidal Adolescents’ Digital Media Use: Qualitative Study Exploring Acceptability Within Clinical Care
Authors: Biernesser Candice , Zelazny Jamie , Brent David , Bear Todd , Mair Christina , Trauth Jeanette
Published: September 2021

Background

Monitoring linguistic cues from adolescents’ digital media use (DMU; ie, digital content transmitted on the web, such as through text messages or social media) that could denote suicidal risk offers a unique opportunity to protect adolescents vulnerable to suicide, the second leading cause of death among youth. Adolescents communicate through digital media in high volumes and frequently express emotionality. In fact, web-based disclosures of suicidality are more common than in-person disclosures. The use of automated methods of digital media monitoring triggered by a natural language processing algorithm offers the potential to detect suicidal risk from subtle linguistic units (eg, negatively valanced words, phrases, or emoticons known to be associated with suicidality) present within adolescents’ digital media content and to use this information to respond to alerts of suicidal risk. Critical to the implementation of such an approach is the consideration of its acceptability in the clinical care of adolescents at high risk of suicide.

Objective

Through data collection among recently suicidal adolescents, parents, and clinicians, this study examines the current context of digital media monitoring for suicidal adolescents seeking clinical care to inform the need for automated monitoring and the factors that influence the acceptance of automated monitoring of suicidal adolescents’ DMU within clinical care.

Methods

A total of 15 recently suicidal adolescents (aged 13-17 years), 12 parents, and 10 clinicians participated in focus groups, qualitative interviews, and a group discussion, respectively. Data were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Participants described important challenges to the current strategies for monitoring the DMU of suicidal youth. They felt that automated monitoring would have advantages over current monitoring approaches, namely, by protecting web-based environments and aiding adolescent disclosure and support seeking about web-based suicidal risk communication, which may otherwise go unnoticed. However, they identified barriers that could impede implementation within clinical care, namely, adolescents’ and parents’ concerns about unintended consequences of automated monitoring, that is, the potential for loss of privacy or false alerts, and clinicians’ concerns about liability to respond to alerts of suicidal risk. On the basis of the needs and preferences of adolescents, parents, and clinicians, a model for automated digital media monitoring is presented that aims to optimize acceptability within clinical care for suicidal youth.

Conclusions

Automated digital media monitoring offers a promising means to augment detection and response to suicidal risk within the clinical care of suicidal youth when strategies that address the preferences of adolescents, parents, and clinicians are in place.
Automated Monitoring of Suicidal Adolescents’ Digital Media Use: Qualitative Study Exploring Acceptability Within Clinical Care (Preprint)
Authors: Biernesser Candice , Zelazny Jamie , Brent David , Bear Todd , Mair Christina , Trauth Jeanette
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Monitoring linguistic cues from adolescents’ digital media use (DMU; ie, digital content transmitted on the web, such as through text messages or social media) that could denote suicidal risk offers a unique opportunity to protect adolescents vulnerable to suicide, the second leading cause of death among youth. Adolescents communicate through digital media in high volumes and frequently express emotionality. In fact, web-based disclosures of suicidality are more common than in-person disclosures. The use of automated methods of digital media monitoring triggered by a natural language processing algorithm offers the potential to detect suicidal risk from subtle linguistic units (eg, negatively valanced words, phrases, or emoticons known to be associated with suicidality) present within adolescents’ digital media content and to use this information to respond to alerts of suicidal risk. Critical to the implementation of such an approach is the consideration of its acceptability in the clinical care of adolescents at high risk of suicide.

OBJECTIVE

Through data collection among recently suicidal adolescents, parents, and clinicians, this study examines the current context of digital media monitoring for suicidal adolescents seeking clinical care to inform the need for automated monitoring and the factors that influence the acceptance of automated monitoring of suicidal adolescents’ DMU within clinical care.

METHODS

A total of 15 recently suicidal adolescents (aged 13-17 years), 12 parents, and 10 clinicians participated in focus groups, qualitative interviews, and a group discussion, respectively. Data were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis.

RESULTS

Participants described important challenges to the current strategies for monitoring the DMU of suicidal youth. They felt that automated monitoring would have advantages over current monitoring approaches, namely, by protecting web-based environments and aiding adolescent disclosure and support seeking about web-based suicidal risk communication, which may otherwise go unnoticed. However, they identified barriers that could impede implementation within clinical care, namely, adolescents’ and parents’ concerns about unintended consequences of automated monitoring, that is, the potential for loss of privacy or false alerts, and clinicians’ concerns about liability to respond to alerts of suicidal risk. On the basis of the needs and preferences of adolescents, parents, and clinicians, a model for automated digital media monitoring is presented that aims to optimize acceptability within clinical care for suicidal youth.

CONCLUSIONS

Automated digital media monitoring offers a promising means to augment detection and response to suicidal risk within the clinical care of suicidal youth when strategies that address the preferences of adolescents, parents, and clinicians are in place.
Assessment of the Feasibility, Acceptability, and Impact of Implementing Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Nampula Province, Mozambique: Protocol for a Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wharton-Smith Alexandra , Baker Kevin , Roca-Feltrer Arantxa , Rodrigues Maria , Richardson Sol , Bonnington Craig A , Rassi Christian , Marasciulo Madeleine , Enosse Sonia , Saute Francisco , Aide Pedro , Macete Eusebio , Candrinho Baltazar
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Malaria is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children aged under 5 years in Mozambique. The World Health Organization recommends seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), the administration of four monthly courses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and amodiaquine (AQ), to children aged 3-59 months during rainy season. However, as resistance to SP is widespread in East and Southern Africa, SMC has so far only been implemented across the Sahel in West Africa.

OBJECTIVE

This protocol describes the first phase of a pilot project that aims to assess the protective effect of SP and AQ when used for SMC and investigate the levels of molecular markers of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarial medicines in the study districts. In addition, it is important to understand whether SMC is a feasible and acceptable intervention in the context of Nampula Province, Mozambique.

METHODS

This study will adopt a hybrid effectiveness-implementation design to conduct a mixed methods evaluation with six objectives: a molecular marker study, a nonrandomized controlled trial, an analysis of reported malaria morbidity indicators, a documentation exercise of the contextual SMC adaptation, an acceptability and feasibility assessment, and a coverage and quality assessment.

RESULTS

Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Mozambican Ministry of Health National Bioethics Committee on September 15, 2020. Data collection began in October 2020, and data analysis is expected to be completed by August 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

This research will make a unique contribution to our understanding of whether the combination of SP and AQ, when used for SMC, can confer a protective effect against malaria in children aged 3-59 months in a region where malaria transmission is seasonal and SP resistance is expected to be high. If the project is successful, subsequent phases are expected to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness and sustainability of SMCs.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/27855
Assessing the Care Modality Preferences and Predictors for Digital Mental Health Treatment Seekers in a Technology-Enabled Stepped Care Delivery System: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kozlov Elissa , McDarby Meghan , Prescott Maximo , Altman Myra
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Access to mental health services continues to be a systemic problem in the United States and around the world owing to a variety of barriers including the limited availability of skilled providers and lack of mental health literacy among patients. Individuals seeking mental health treatment may not be aware of the multiple modalities of digital mental health care available to address their problems (eg, self-guided and group modalities, or one-to-one care with a provider). In fact, one-to-one, in-person treatment is the dominant care model with a masters- or doctoral-level trained mental health provider, and it may or may not be the appropriate or preferred level of care for an individual. Technology-enabled mental health platforms may be one way to improve access to mental health care by offering stepped care, but more research is needed to understand the care modality preferences of digital mental health care seekers because additional modalities become increasingly validated as effective treatment options.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate the predictors of care modality preferences among individuals enrolled in a technology-enabled stepped mental health care platform.

METHODS

This exploratory, cross-sectional study used employee data from the 2021 Modern Health database, an employer-sponsored mental health benefit that uses a technology-enabled platform to optimize digital mental health care delivery. Chi-square tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted to evaluate associations among the categorical and continuous factors of interest and the preferred care modality. Bivariate logistic regression models were constructed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of preferring a one-on-one versus self-guided group, or no preference for digital mental health care modalities.

RESULTS

Data were analyzed for 3661 employees. The most common modality preference was one-on-one care (1613/3661, 44.06%). Approximately one-fourth of the digital mental health care seekers (881/3661, 24.06%) expressed a preference for pursuing self-guided care, and others (294/3661, 8.03%) expressed a preference for group care. The ORs indicated that individuals aged 45 years and above were significantly more likely to express a preference for self-guided care compared to individuals aged between 18 and 24 years (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.70-3.59; P<.001). Individuals screening positive for anxiety (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.62-0.86; P<.001) or depression (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66-0.95; P=.02) were more likely to prefer one-on-one care.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings elucidated that care modality preferences vary and are related to clinical severity factors and demographic variables among individuals seeking digital mental health care.

CLINICALTRIAL
Specialty-Training Program During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Center Survey on over 300 Trainees and Trainers (Preprint)
Authors: Oguzulgen Ipek Kivilcim , Kalkancı Ayşe , Ayhan Mehmet Suhan , Derici Ulver , Senkoylu Alpaslan , Gonul Ipek Isik , Gulbahar Ozlem , Guzel Tunccan Ozlem , Okur Ilyas , Ilhan Mustafa Necmi
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 pandemic caused significant modifications such as limiting the number of residents in the clinics, cancelling elective surgical procedures, stopping face to face practical education, and transforming theoretical education into distance learning platforms resulted in alterations in the curriculum.

OBJECTIVE

We addressed to assess the situation of trainees’ education using an online questionnaire from the trainees’ and directors’ perspective during the pandemic.

METHODS

The survey platform SurveyMonkey® was used to distribute the survey and to collect responses. We generated a list of multiple-choice questions about how social distancing affected the delivery of medical education, potential compromise in core training and difficulties in conducting clinical research for the thesis.

RESULTS

A total of 364 trainees among 552 (65.9%) under training at our university hospital and 90% of the directors (37 of 41) responded the survey. Almost 78 percent of the trainees claimed that they have been negatively affected during the pandemic. Although majority of the trainees (60,3%) reported that extension of their education program is not necessary, most of the program directors were in tendency of extending the duration of the speciality training period. The participants predominantly considered that online training would keep on being a part of the training program after the pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

Education programs are negatively affected during pandemics. However, authorities should manage this deficiency by a new perspective since present trainees are familiar to use technology-driven virtual sources for their education. After the pandemic, computer-assisted online learning and web-based programs should be integrated into educational curriculum.

CLINICALTRIAL

The study was approved from the institutional review board of Gazi University Ethics Committee (Approval Number: 2021-276).
Papers Please - Predictive Factors of National and International Attitudes Toward Immunity and Vaccination Passports: Online Representative Surveys (Preprint)
Authors: Garrett Paul M , White Joshua P , Dennis Simon , Lewandowsky Stephan , Yang Cheng-Ta , Okan Yasmina , Perfors Andrew , Little Daniel R , Kozyreva Anastasia , Lorenz-Spreen Philipp , Kusumi Takashi , Kashima Yoshihisa
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, countries are introducing digital passports that allow citizens to return to normal activities if they were previously infected with (immunity passport) or vaccinated against (vaccination passport) SARS-CoV-2. To be effective, policy decision-makers must know whether these passports will be widely accepted by the public and under what conditions. This study focuses attention on immunity passports, as these may prove useful in countries both with and without an existing COVID-19 vaccination program; however, our general findings also extend to vaccination passports.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to assess attitudes toward the introduction of immunity passports in six countries, and determine what social, personal, and contextual factors predicted their support.

METHODS

We collected 13,678 participants through online representative sampling across six countries—Australia, Japan, Taiwan, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom—during April to May of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, and assessed attitudes and support for the introduction of immunity passports.

RESULTS

Immunity passport support was moderate to low, being the highest in Germany (775/1507 participants, 51.43%) and the United Kingdom (759/1484, 51.15%); followed by Taiwan (2841/5989, 47.44%), Australia (963/2086, 46.16%), and Spain (693/1491, 46.48%); and was the lowest in Japan (241/1081, 22.94%). Bayesian generalized linear mixed effects modeling was used to assess predictive factors for immunity passport support across countries. International results showed neoliberal worldviews (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% CI 1.13-1.22), personal concern (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00-1.16), perceived virus severity (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.14), the fairness of immunity passports (OR 2.51, 95% CI 2.36-2.66), liking immunity passports (OR 2.77, 95% CI 2.61-2.94), and a willingness to become infected to gain an immunity passport (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.51-1.68) were all predictive factors of immunity passport support. By contrast, gender (woman; OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.82-0.98), immunity passport concern (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.57-0.65), and risk of harm to society (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.67-0.76) predicted a decrease in support for immunity passports. Minor differences in predictive factors were found between countries and results were modeled separately to provide national accounts of these data.

CONCLUSIONS

Our research suggests that support for immunity passports is predicted by the personal benefits and societal risks they confer. These findings generalized across six countries and may also prove informative for the introduction of vaccination passports, helping policymakers to introduce effective COVID-19 passport policies in these six countries and around the world.
Smartphone Apps for Diabetes Medication Adherence: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Mishra Vinaytosh , Siddiqui Muhammad Umer , Moses Jeban Chandir , Adibi Sasan , Nguyen Lemai , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Diabetes is one of the leading noncommunicable chronic diseases globally. In people with diabetes, blood glucose levels need to be monitored regularly and managed adequately through healthy lifestyles and medications. However, various factors contribute to poor medication adherence. Smartphone apps can improve medication adherence in people with diabetes, but it is not clear which app features are most beneficial.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to systematically review and evaluate high-quality apps for diabetes medication adherence, which are freely available to the public in Android and Apple app stores and present the technical features of the apps.

METHODS

We systematically searched Apple App Store and Google Play for apps that assist in diabetes medication adherence, using predefined selection criteria. We assessed apps using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and calculated the mean app-specific score (MASS) by taking the average of app-specific scores on 6 dimensions, namely, awareness, knowledge, attitudes, intention to change, help-seeking, and behavior change rated on a 5-point scale (1=strongly disagree and 5=strongly agree). We used the mean of the app’s performance on these 6 dimensions to calculate the MASS. Apps that achieved a total MASS mean quality score greater than 4 out of 5 were considered to be of high quality in our study. We formulated a task-technology fit matrix to evaluate the apps for diabetes medication adherence.

RESULTS

We identified 8 high-quality apps (MASS score≥4) and presented the findings under 3 main categories: characteristics of the included apps, app features, and diabetes medication adherence. Our framework to evaluate smartphone apps in promoting diabetes medication adherence considered physiological factors influencing diabetes and app features. On evaluation, we observed that 25% of the apps promoted high adherence and another 25% of the apps promoted moderate adherence. Finally, we found that 50% of the apps provided low adherence to diabetes medication.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings show that almost half of the high-quality apps publicly available for free did not achieve high to moderate medication adherence. Our framework could have positive implications for the future design and development of apps for patients with diabetes. Additionally, apps need to be evaluated using a standardized framework, and only those promoting higher medication adherence should be prescribed for better health outcomes.
Exploring Empathy and Compassion Using Digital Narratives (the Learning to Care Project): Protocol for a Multiphase Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ferrari Manuela , Fazeli Sahar , Mitchell Claudia , Shah Jai , Iyer Srividya N
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Digital stories—first-person, self-made, 2- to 3-minute videos—generate awareness, impart knowledge, and promote understanding on topics such as mental illness. Digital stories are a narrative-based art form often created by individuals without formal training in filmmaking to relate personal experiences. Somewhat like digital narratives, video testimonies created within the social marketing or fundraising campaigns of government agencies and private or public corporations aim to reduce the stigma of mental illness while supporting research and services. In video testimonies, personal stories are captured on camera by professional filmmakers. Sharing critical life events greatly benefits tellers and listeners alike, supporting catharsis, healing, connectiveness, and citizenship.

OBJECTIVE

This study explores digital stories and video testimonies featuring mental illness and recovery in their ability to elicit empathy and compassion while reducing stigma among viewers.

METHODS

Using mixed methods, phase 1 will involve a search of Canadian social marketing activities and fundraising campaigns concerning mental illness and recovery. Phase 2 will involve the organization of digital storytelling workshops in which participants will create digital stories about their own experiences of mental illness and recovery. In phase 3, a pilot randomized controlled trial will be undertaken to compare marketing and fundraising campaigns with digital stories for their impact on viewers, whereas phase 4 will focus on knowledge dissemination.

RESULTS

Ethics approval for this study was received in March 2021. Data on the feasibility of the study design and the results of the controlled trial will be generated. This study will produce new knowledge on effective ways of promoting mental health awareness and decreasing stigma, with practical importance for future social marketing and fundraising campaigns. The anticipated time for completion within the 2-year study period includes 9 months for phase 1 (knowledge synthesis activities identifying social marketing and fundraising campaigns) and phase 2 (storytelling workshops), 11 months for phase 3 (feasibility assessment and data collection: randomized controlled trial), and 2 months for phase 4 (knowledge dissemination).

CONCLUSIONS

The knowledge generated will have practical implications for the public and for future social marketing and fundraising campaigns promoted by government agencies as well as nonprofit and for-profit organizations by enhancing our understanding of how individuals and societies respond to stories of mental distress and what prompts citizens to help others.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04881084; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04881084

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/33525
Instantáneas de Agustín de Iturbide en el Siglo XIX
Authors: Gómez-Aguado de Alba Guadalupe Cecilia
Published: September 2021

Uno de los personajes fundamentales del siglo XIX mexicano es Agustín de Iturbide. Pese a ello, ha sido olvidado en las conmemoraciones de la independencia debido a las  difíciles circunstancias que enfrentó su efímero gobierno imperial . A lo largo de las décadas que siguieron a la consumación de la independencia las disputas políticas entre diversos proyectos de nación utilizaron a Iturbide como bandera de tendencias opuestas, hasta llegar al abierto enfrentamiento entre dos proyectos: liberalismo y conservadurismo. En este trabajo se hará un análisis de la figura de Iturbide en los textos de sus contemporáneos.
Målares arenor – gårdar och kyrkor
Authors: Nylander Lars
Published: September 2021

I artikeln beskrivs olika rumsliga arenor där det hälsingska målerihantverket utövades 1750–1850. För att illustrera hur processen gick till vid beställning, utförande och betalning har två målare, Paul Hallberg och Albert Blombergsson studerats. Frågor som diskuteras i artikeln är: Var målades det och vem var utföraren? Hur var målarna organiserade och hur såg deras nätverk ut? Hur gick beställningar till och hur rekryterades målare? Vilken ersättning utgick?
Estetisk variation i vävning och broderi
Authors: Palmsköld Anneli
Published: September 2021

I artikeln beskrivs och analyseras olika former av dekorerade och mönstrade textilier som förekom i den hälsingska inredningskulturen. Syftet är att undersöka hur hantverkarna har skapat estetisk variation genom användning av kulörer och mönster. De textilier som ingår i studien finns i både offentliga och privata samlingar. Samlingarna domineras av broderade inredningstextilier, även spetsar och vävnader förekommer. Även materialet om Hälsingland i Lilli Zickermans inventering Sveriges folkliga textilkonst diskuteras och analyseras.
E-Agriculture
Authors: Subhashini Mrs. S.
Published: September 2021

Abstract: In current era, modern technologies need to be used in agriculture in india to increase crop productivity because over 70% of the rural people depends upon the agriculture fields. Indian farmers are facing challenges such as crop monitoring, Soil and field analysis , estimation of soil conditions, Fighting infections and pests, irrigation monitoring , need of more human power and money etc., To overcome these agricultural challenges, agricultural drones are used in agriculture. Because of the applications of agricultural drone, it can be used easily where the equipment and labors are difficulty to operate in agricultural fields. To yield better crop quality and preventing fields from any sort of damage , agricultural drones are needed. Agricultural drones have a number of advantages over the more traditional agricultural methods. And moreover data processing applications are becoming less expensive and easier to use due to applications of agricultural drones. In this paper brief discussion about classification and importance of drones , application of agricultural drones, future use of agricultural drones etc., are discussed and finally concluded about the need of using modern technologies in agriculture fields . Keywords: Drones, agricultural drones, crop monitoring, crop spraying, pipeline inspection.
Espectro de polen corbicular de Apis mellifera en muestras de Huejotitán, Jalisco, México
Authors: Quintero Domínguez Roberto , De la Cruz Larios Lino , González Eguiarte Diego Raymundo , Solís Magallanes José Arturo , Santana Michel José Francisco , Reyes Carrillo José Luis
Published: September 2021

This study examines the different plants visited by the honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) during the honey harvest season (August to November) 2012. The work consisted in identifying the corbicular pollen pellets collected by the bees in one apiary in the village of Huejotitan, municipality of Jocotepec, state of Jalisco, Mexico. Three hives were selected and sampled monthly by means of Ontario modified pollen traps. The samples were tagged and frozen and later processed by acetolysis technique to remove the exine; permanent glycerine slides were made for the preservation and analysis. Identification and counting of pollen grains was performed using an Olympus BH-2® upright microscope equipped with a 100X ocular micrometer to measure each individual species pollen grain, using immersion oil. Wild plants in bloom were also collected monthly, tagged, pressed and taken to the herbarium for identification; the pollen was extracted, processed and identified for a reference collection that served as an ancillary means of identification and as a seasonal reference to the blooming species. In the corbicular pollen, 23 types of plants were identified: 13 at species level, five at genus level and five at family level belonging to 17 plant families. Myrtaceae resulted the most frequently represented family followed by Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Lamiaceae.
Presencia de aflatoxina B1 en alimentos para cabras en unidades de producción de leche caprina del altiplano mexicano
Authors: Pérez González José Jesús , Vega y León Salvador , Gutiérrez Tolentino Rey , Schettino Bermúdez Beatriz Sofia , Martínez Solis Fátima Itzel , Escobar Medina Arturo Camilo
Published: September 2021

La presencia de aflatoxinas en el ensilaje y en granos que se destinan para la alimentación de los rumiantes en lactación representa un problema para la salud animal y la inocuidad de la leche. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el contenido de aflatoxina B1 en alimentos consumidos por cabras procedentes de cuatro unidades de producción de leche caprina del altiplano mexicano (APM). Un total de 47 muestras de concentrados y 29 muestras de ensilados procedentes de cuatro unidades de producción de leche caprina del Altiplano Mexicano (APM). Se analizaron 47 muestras de concentrados y 29 muestras de ensilados por Cromatografía de Líquidos de Alta Resolución (HPLC), empleando una columna de fase reversa y detección por fluorescencia previa derivatización de las aflatoxinas. Los resultados mostraron que el 38.29 % y 31.02 % de las muestras de concentrados y ensilados respectivamente presentaron niveles de AFB1 superiores al límite máximo permisible establecido por la Unión Europea (UE) (0.05 µg/kg); mientras el 29.78 % y 10.34 % para concentrados y ensilados respectivamente presentaron valores superiores a los 20 µg/kg propuesto por la norma oficial mexicana. Los resultados obtenidos corroboran la problemática actual de la presencia de aflatoxinas en la alimentación de las cabras lactantes, al poder metabolizarse esta toxina en aflatoxina M1 y afectar la inocuidad de la leche y derivados de encontrarse la misma.
Rendimiento de la planta de frijol caupí [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] y calidad nutricional en los sistemas de cultivo intercalado de frijol caupí y sorgo
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Aamir , Iqbal Asif , Ahmad Zahoor , Raza Ali , Rahim Junaid , Imran Muhammad , Aslam Sheikh Umer Ayyaz , Maqsood Qaiser , Soufan Walid , Sahloul Nesma M.A. , Sorour Sobhy , Sabagh Ayman El
Published: September 2021

In traditional row and strip cowpea-sorghum intercropping systems, cowpea forage yield reduces significantly due to intense competition and dominance of sorghum in acquiring growth resources. This field study evaluated novel mixed strip intercropping systems of forage cowpea and sorghum having different number of crops rows arranged under different spatial arrangements. Cowpea was intercropped with sorghum in 8, 12 and 16 rows strips with row-row spacing of 30, 45 and 60 cm. In each strip, equal number of rows of cowpea and sorghum were maintained. Factorial arrangement of randomized complete block design with three replicates was used to execute the field trials during summer seasons of 2013 and 2014. Strips having 12 rows and 60 cm row-row spacing positively affected all agronomic variables of cowpea which led to maximum forage yield (22.2 and 23.7 t ha-1 during 2013 and 2014 respectively) and dry matter biomass (6.63 and 6.94 t ha-1 during 2013 and 2014 respectively). In contrast, 8-rows strips having line spacing of 30 cm outperformed other intercropping systems by yielding the maximum herbage yield and dry matter biomass of sorghum. The intercropping system comprising of 12-rows strips with 60 cm row-row spacing remained superior in recording the maximum crude protein, fats and total ash along with the minimum fiber content of cowpea. In addition, this intercropping system under rest of spatial arrangements also remained unmatched, while 16-rows strips under all planting geometries remained inferior to other intercropping systems. Thus, cowpea intercropping with sorghum in 12-rows strips having 60 cm spacing offers biologically viable solution to improve biomass and forage quality of cowpea in intercropping with sorghum.
Efecto de la pasteurización en la concentración de diclorodifeniltricloroetano (DDT) y hexaclorociclohexano (HCH) en leche de bovino
Authors: Pardío Sedas Violeta Trinidad , López Hernández Karla María , Flores Primo Argel , Uscanga Serrano Roxana
Published: September 2021

El Diclorodifeniltricloroetano (DDT) y Hexaclorociclohexano (HCH) son disruptores endócrinos cuya presencia en la leche representa un riesgo para la salud. Existe evidencia de que la pasteurización disminuye o incrementa la concentración de plaguicidas organoclorados en productos lácteos. La presente investigación evaluó el efecto de la pasteurización a 63 °C 30 min-1 y 73 °C 15 seg-1 en las concentraciones de DDT, HCH y sus metabolitos en leche bovina, para estimar la exposición dietaria por consumo humano de leche pasteurizada. Se realizó un diseño experimental de bloques al azar con dos tratamientosen 100 muestras de leche recolectadas en Soledad de Doblado y Jamapa, Veracruz, México. Los plaguicidas se cuantificaron por cromatografíade gases con detector de microcaptura de electrones. Los datos se analizaron mediante Análisis de Varianza unifactorial (P<0.05) y las medias se compararon con Tukey (P< 0.05). La exposición dietaria a plaguicidas se evaluó por laIngesta Diaria Estimada (IDE) y Dosis Diaria Promedio (DDP) en tres grupos de población. La pasteurización a 73 ºC disminuyó 30.94, 44.51, 3.18, 81.23 y 42.82 % las concentraciones de p,p'-DDE,p,p'-DDD, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDT y DDT total, respectivamente, así como las concentraciones de β-HCH, γ-HCH y HCH total (85.68, 18.88 y 99.31 %, respectivamente). La IDE para niños, adultos y ancianos de DDT total fue menor por consumo de leche pasteurizada a 73 ºC y de γ-HCH a 63 ºC. La DDP de DDT total disminuyó con la pasteurización a 73 °C. La exposición dietaria de DDT y HCH fue mayor en niños.
Análisis de impedancia bioeléctrica (AIB) en la producción animal. Revisión
Authors: Schumacher Larissa Luísa , Viégas Julio , Dos Santos Cardoso Gilmar , Bertoluzzi Moro Anderson , João Tonin Tiago , Naetzold Pereira Stela , Tombesi da Rocha Leonardo , Van Caeneghen Ana Luiza , Vargas Teixeira Janaína
Published: September 2021

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a method based on the different levels of opposition to the flow of an ionic current through the different body tissues. Results are expressed by primary measures of resistance (Rs) and reactance (Xs). From such measures, equations are applied to determine the phase angle (PA) and impedance (Z). Bioimpedance analysis has been indicated as a reliable and precise method to determine the body composition and nutritional status in humans. BIA has recently been adapted to be applied on animal production. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an analysis on the potential use of bioelectrical impedance on zootechnical production. Through BIA, correlations among bioelectrical measures and tissue composition of swine, bovine, ovine, bubaline and fish carcasses can be established. In this regard, a growing number of demands were led by more precise and cost-effective methods to evaluate the body composition in the zootechnical sector, in which the analysis of bioelectrical impedance proved to be a promising and minimally invasive technology to replace traditional methods.
Análise do teor de flúor nas águas de abastecimento público
Authors: Wives Filho José , Barros Eduardo Roberto Corrêa de , Santos Flávio Belan dos
Published: September 2021

There have being some controversies as to whether the fluorine level is maintained, as expected, at any point in a running water supply. ln the present research the Author tried to verify the occurrence or nonoccurrence of such variations through the resort of water treatment of Belém Novo, Porto Alegre, RS. For 15 days, in different periods of time, the Author analysed 450 samples of fluoridated water in six different points of Vila Restinga and Vila Nova Restinga. He compared the daily level rate obtained with those computed by the resort at the exit of the underground reservo ir. Thus finding no differencès statistically significant.
Risk Prediction Models of Chronic Disease in Chinese Medicine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Li Yi-tong , Liu Yan , Yang Wei , Li Xinlong , Gao Deqiang
Published: September 2021

Abstract Objective: To summarize the risk prediction models of chronic
disease in Chinese medicine, describe their performance, and assess
suitability of clinical or administrative use. Methods: The China
National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data were searched through
February 2021, and hand searches were performed of the retrieved
reference lists. Dual review was conducted to identify studies of
prediction models of chronic disease in Chinese medicine. Results: From
399 citations reviewed, 17 studies were included in the analysis. Most
of the studies were from single-centers (50%) or did not external
validated (81.25%). The sample sizes were smaller and the models’
discrimination were larger compared with studies in fully western
medicine. All the models used both laboratory findings and subjective
judgements from doctors or patients. 9 models concentrated on diabetes
mellitus or cardiovascular disease, and showed better performance and
clinical application. Conclusions: The prediction models of chronic
disease in Chinese medicine have unique advantages due to their
considerations of doctors’ and patients’ subjective judgement. Diabetes
mellitus and cardiovascular disease prediction models were in higher
quality and clinical usability. Efforts to improve their quality are
needed as use becomes more widespread.