bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrological response in the Danube lower basin to some internal and external climate forcing factors
Authors: Mares Ileana , Dobrica Venera , Demetrescu Crisan , Mares Constantin
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Of the internal factors, we tested the predictors from the fields of precipitation, temperature, pressure and geopotential at 500hPa. From the external factors, we considered the indices of solar/geomagnetic activity. Our analysis was achieved separately for each season, for two time periods 1901–2000 and 1948–2000. We applied developments in empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs), cross correlations, power spectra, filters, composite maps. In analysis of the correlative results, we took into account, the serial correlation of time series. For the atmospheric variables simultaneously, the most significant results (confidence levels of 95 %) are related to the predictors, considering the difference between standardized temperatures and precipitation (TPP), except for winter season, when the best predictors are the first principal component (PC1) of the precipitation field and the Greenland-Balkan-Oscillation index (GBOI). The GBOI is better predictor for precipitation, in comparison with North Atlantic Oscillation index (NAOI) for the middle and lower Danube basin. The significant results, with the confidence level more than 95 %, were obtained for the PC1-precipitation and TPP during winter/spring, which can be considered good predictors for spring/summer discharge in the Danube lower basin. Simultaneous, the significant signal of geomagnetic index (aa), was obtained for the smoothed data by band pass filter. For the different lags, the atmospheric variables respond to solar/geomagnetic activity after about 2–3 years. The external signals in the terrestrial variables are revealed also by power spectra and composite maps. The power spectra for the terrestrial variables show significant peaks that can be associated with the interannual variability, Quasi-Biennial Oscillation influence and solar/geomagnetic signals. The filtering procedures led to improvement of the correlative analyses between solar or geomagnetic activity and terrestrial variables, under the condition of a rigorous test of the statistical significance.
Communication strategies to address geohydrological risks: the POLARIS web initiative in Italy
Authors: Salvati Paola , Pernice Umberto , Bianchi Cinzia , Marchesini Ivan , Fiorucci Federica , Guzzetti Fausto
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Floods and landslides are common phenomena that cause serious damage and pose a severe threat to the population of Italy. The social and economic impact of floods and landslides in Italy is severe, and strategies to target the mitigation of the effects of these phenomena are needed. In the last few years, the scientific community has started to use web technology to communicate information on geohydrological hazards and the associated risks. However, the communication is often targeted at technical experts. In the attempt to communicate relevant information on geohydrological hazards with potential human consequences to a broader audience, we designed the POpoLazione A RISchio (POLARIS) website. POLARIS publishes accurate information on geohydrological risk to the population of Italy, including periodic reports on landslide and flood risk, analyses of specific damaging events and blog posts on landslide and flood events. By monitoring the access to POLARIS in the 21-month period between January 2014 and October 2015, we found that access increased during particularly damaging geohydrological events and immediately after the website was advertised by press releases. POLARIS demonstrates that the scientific community can implement suitable communication strategies that address different societal audiences, exploiting the role of mass media and social media. The strategies can help multiple audiences understand how risks can be reduced through appropriate measures and behaviours, contributing to increasing the resilience of the population to geohydrological risk.
Operative and reliable landslide forecasting and influence of geology to predictability
Authors: Intrieri Emanuele , Gigli Giovanni
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Forecasting a catastrophic collapse is a key element in landslide risk reduction, but also a very difficult task, owing to the scientific difficulties in predicting a complex natural event and also to the severe social repercussions caused by a false or a missed alarm. A prediction is always affected by a certain error, however when this error can imply evacuations or other severe consequences a high reliability in the forecast is, at least, desirable. In order to increase the confidence of predictions, a new methodology is here presented. Differently from traditional approaches, it iteratively applies several forecasting methods based on displacement data and, also thanks to an innovative data representation, gives a valuation of how the prediction is reliable. This approach has been employed to back-analyse 15 landslide collapses. By introducing a predictability index, this study also contributes to the understanding of how geology and other factors influence the possibility to forecast a slope failure. The results showed that, contrarily to what is generally believed, geomechanics plays an indirect role in landslide predictability; instead kinematics, and all the factors influencing it, is the key feature.
An atmosphere-wave regional coupled model: improving predictions of wave heights and surface winds in the Southern North Sea
Authors: Wahle Kathrin , Staneva Joanna , Koch Wolfgang , Fenoglio-Marc Luciana , Ho-Hagemann Ha T. M. , Stanev Emil V.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Reduction of wave forecasting errors is a challenge especially in dynamically complicated coastal ocean areas as the southern part of the North Sea area – the German Bight. Coupling of different models is a favoured approach to address this issue as it accounts for the complex interactions of waves, currents and the atmosphere. Here we study the effects of coupling between an atmospheric model and a wind wave model, which in the present study is enabled through an introduction of wave induced drag in the atmosphere model. This, on one side, leads to a reduction of the surface wind speeds, and on the other side, to a reduction of simulated wave heights. The sensitivity of atmospheric parameters such as wind speed, and atmospheric pressure to wave-induced drag, in particular under storm conditions, is studied. Additionally, the impact of the two-way coupling on wave model performance is investigated. The performance of the coupled model system has been demonstrated for extreme events and calm conditions. The results revealed that the effect of coupling results in significant changes in both wind and waves. The simulations are compared to data from in-situ and satellite observations. The results indicate that the two-way coupling improves the agreement between observations and simulations for both wind and wave parameters in comparison to the one-way coupled model. In addition, the errors of the high-resolution German Bight wave model compared to the observations have been significantly reduced in the coupled model. The improved skills resulting from the proposed method justifies its implementations for both operational and climate simulations.
Spatial variability of some soil properties varies in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantations of west coastal area of India
Authors: Behera Sanjib Kumar , Suresh Kancherla , Rao Bezawada Narsimha , Mathur Ravi Kumar , Shukla Arvind Kumar , Manorama Kamireddy , Ramachandrudu Kummari , Harinarayana Parasa , Prakash Chandra
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Mapping spatial variability of soil properties is the key to efficient soil resource management for sustainable crop yield. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the spatial variability of soil properties such as acidity (pH), salinity (electrical conductivity (EC)), organic carbon, available K, available P, exchangeable Ca2+, exchangeable Mg2+, available S and hot water soluble B in surface (0–20 cm) and subsurface (20–40 cm) soil layers of oil palm plantations in south Goa district of Goa located in west coastal area of India. A total of 128 soil samples were collected from 64 oil palm plantations of Goa located at an approximate interval of 1–2 km and analyzed. Soil was acidic to neutral in reaction. Other soil properties varied widely in both the soil layers. Correlations between soil pH and exchangeable Ca2+, between soil EC and available K, between available P and available S and between exchangeable Ca2+ and exchangeable Mg2+ in both the soil layers were found to be positive and significant (P < 0.01). Geostatistical analysis revealed a varied spatial distribution pattern for the measured soil properties. Best-fit models for measured soil properties were exponential, Gaussian, stable, K-Bessel and spherical with moderate to strong spatial dependency. The results revealed that site-specific fertilizer management options needed to be adopted in the oil palm plantations of the study area owing to variability in soil properties.
Climate and soil factors influencing seedling recruitment of plant species used for dryland restoration
Authors: Muñoz-Rojas Miriam , Erickson Todd E. , Martini Dylan C. , Dixon Kingsley W. , Merritt David J.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Land degradation affects 10–20 % of drylands globally. Intensive land use and management, large-scale disturbances such as extractive operations, and global climate change, have contributed to degradation of these systems worldwide. Restoring these damaged environments is critical to improving ecosystem services and functions, conserve biodiversity, and contribute to climate resilience, food security, and landscape sustainability. Here, we present a case study on plant species of the mining intensive semi-arid Pilbara region in Western Australia that examines the effects of climate and soil factors on the restoration of drylands. We analysed the effects of a range of rainfall and temperature scenarios and the use of alternative soil materials on seedling recruitment of key native plant species from this area. Experimental studies were conducted in controlled environment facilities where conditions simulated those found in the Pilbara. Soil from topsoil (T) stockpiles and waste materials (W) from an active mine site were mixed at different proportions (100 % T, 100 % W, and two mixes of topsoil and waste at 50 : 50 and 25 : 75 ratios) and used as growth media. Our results showed that seedling recruitment was highly dependent on soil moisture and emergence was generally higher in the topsoil, which had the highest available water content. In general, responses to the climate scenarios differed significantly among the native species which suggest that future climate scenarios of increasing drought might affect not only seedling recruitment but also diversity and structure of native plant communities. The use of waste materials from mining operations as growth media could be an alternative to the limited topsoil. However, in the early stages of plant establishment successful seedling recruitment can be challenging in the absence of water. These limitations could be overcome by using soil amendments but the cost associated to these solutions at large landscape scales needs to be assessed and proven to be economically feasible.
Nursing Homes and Mandatory Arbitration Clauses
Authors: Mathieu Amy
Published: June 2016

N/A
Using the West Key Number System as a Data Collection and Coding Device for Empirica Legal Scholsarship: Demonstrating the Method Via a Study of Contract Interpretation
Authors: Silverstein Joshua M.
Published: June 2016

N/A
Los políticos del progreso. Científicos en el gobierno y en el Partido Progresista (1833-1868)
Authors: Luxán Melendez José María
Published: June 2016

La organización del Partido Progresista tiene una configuración abierta, que ensaya fórmulas de elecciones primarias y que con contará con dos núcleos: La minoría parlamentaria y una organización que será permanente desde 1846, en la que se distingue la Junta Central y la Comisión Directiva. Entre los políticos de la generación del progreso Francisco de Luxán será el primero de una nómina muy reducida de ministros con formación científico-técnica, y entre los dirigentes del Partido Progresista y de la Unión Liberal será también el único con formación científico-técnica.
Buenas prácticas de los centros de rehabilitación laboral (CRL) para personas con enfermedad mental grave de la Comunidad de Madrid a tener en cuenta para el diseño de un nuevo modelo de gestión de los servicios de empleo
Authors: Valmorisco Segundo
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal identificar las variables que explican por qué los Centros de Rehabilitación Laboral (CRL) para personas con enfermedad mental grave y duradera de la Comunidad de Madrid consiguen tasas de inserción sociolaboral cercanas al 50%, siendo un colectivo que presenta unas tasas de desempleo superiores al 80%. La metodología empleada en la investigación del recurso (documental, cualitativa y cuantitativa) demuestra que estos resultados son posibles gracias a la conjunción de varios elementos: financiación sostenible, método de trabajo, fuerte liderazgo político, trabajo con el tejido empresarial (presentando a las empresas, perfiles profesionales basados en un certero análisis de las competencias), trabajo en red, plazo de intervención marcado por la persona y la composición de los equipos multiprofesionales, entre otros factores.
El género epistolar en la prensa como visión ciudadana de la esfera pública en Colombia
Authors: Barrios Marta Milena , Gil P. Luis Manuel
Published: June 2016

A partir de un análisis temático inductivo, este artículo explora la visión ciudadana sobre la esfera pública expresada en las cartas de los lectores de los diarios El Tiempo y El Heraldo de Colombia. Los resultados muestran cómo la identidad colectiva de los lectores apareció en forma transversal en las cartas, para dar cuenta de una comunidad de adultos que se autodefine como “colombianos de bien”. El análisis reveló dos unidades de significado: posturas sobre la administración de lo público y antagonismos en la esfera pública, centrada en el conflicto político con las guerrillas. A través de estas se pudieron hacer visibles los llamamientos vívidos de los lectores al gobierno, funcionarios públicos, actores al margen de la ley y a sus compatriotas, para movilizarse para exigir cambios sociales largamente esperados.
Agencias de noticias, su constante reinvención como estrategia para enfrentar la competencia
Authors: González Clavero María Victoria
Published: June 2016

Las agencias de noticias compiten por afianzarse como proveedoras de información y medios de comunicación de masas. Amparadas por una infraestructura tecnológica de primer nivel, Associated Press, Reuters, Agence France Press y EFE constituyen referentes del sistema mediático global debido a las revolucionarias transformaciones que introducen en sus rutinas productivas, cultura profesional, géneros y estilos periodísticos; además por sus novedosas ofertas de productos y servicios. El presente artículo se centra también en las estrategias de las agencias para acercarse más a sus públicos, a partir de los convenios que establecen y del tratamiento de temáticas muy específicas. Finalmente se proponen algunas soluciones que contribuirían a la futura pervivencia de estas entidades.
El uso de la documentación con una nueva formación política: Podemos
Authors: Rivas de Roca García Rubén
Published: June 2016

Esta investigación pretende analizar, desde un punto de vista documental, el tratamiento periodístico dado por los principales medios impresos españoles a las informaciones sobre el nuevo partido político Podemos en el momento de su eclosión. Podemos es un fenómeno social que en muy breve espacio de tiempo cambió los parámetros políticos de España. Por ello, queremos conocer cómo los principales medios de comunicación elaboraron sus informaciones en ese contexto de novedad que supuso su aparición. La documentación es el pilar de la información periodística de calidad, razón por la que nos servimos de ella para medir, dentro del marco de nuestra investigación, la calidad del periodismo que se practicó con dicha formación política.
Cognitive Algebra Underlying High School Student´s Self-Efficacy Judgment to Solve Mathematical Problems in the Classroom or Online
Authors: Briones-Rodriguez Carlos , Morales-Martinez Guadalupe Elizabeth , Santos-Alcantara Maria Guadalupe , Lopez-Ramirez Ernesto Octavio , Urdiales-Ibarra Maria Elena
Published: June 2016

This study includes a sample of 112 high school students who provided self-efficacy
judgments to solve math problems. Thirty-six experimental conditions called scenarios were
created for this study by combining 4 factors regarding solving mathematical problems
(modality, degree of difficulty, structuring, and relevance of the task). Each scenario
described a hypothetical context that required the participant to imagine an activity to
reinforce the learning of math skills in the scenario. Thus, the experimental task was to read
each scenario and to judge how capable the participant felt to undertake each math task under
the hypothetical context. Results showed two levels of self-efficacy judgment among
participants. Students in the first level judged themselves as highly capable of performing
math activities, while those in the second level, judged themselves as moderate capable.
Regarding the first cluster factors regarding difficulty and the structure of the task had a
greater weight whereas in the second cluster task difficulty and task relevance factors
obtained the higher weight values. Finally, a cognitive summation rule used by participants to
integrate information from the different study factors was identified. Results implications on
education are discussed in this article.
Agricultural Education and Training in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Three-step Approach to AET Institution Building
Authors: Cletzer David Adam , Rudd Rick , Westfall-Rudd Donna , Drape Tiffany A.
Published: June 2016

Educational institution building for agricultural education and training (AET) in sub-Saharan
African has struggled, leading to many false starts and only islands of success. This review
examines relevant literature related to carrying out AET in developing countries, the
historical successes or challenges of developing AET institutions, and the need for
establishing AET institutions. Numerous factors hampering the development of AET emerged,
including: shrinking national budgets, reverse return, donor congestion, fixation on a linear
model of science, and political instability. Recommendations for building AET institutions in
SSA are presented using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation Theory as a framework, and include:
(a) develop strategic relationships for political support of agriculture, (b) creating a more
flexible framework for structuring institutions of higher learning, and (c) utilizing the SAFE
model to reform curriculum to meet today’s learners’ needs.
The Value of EEG-Based Electromagnetic Tomographic Analysis in Human Performance and Mental Health
Authors: Collura Thomas F. , Wigton Nancy L. , Zalaquett Carlos , Chatters-Smith SeriaShia , Bonnstetter Ronald J.
Published: June 2016

Most work done in areas such as counseling, therapy, leadership, and coaching involves some aspect of decision making. New electroencephalographic (EEG) electromagnetic tomographic analysis (ETA) imaging techniques provide a mechanism for exploring decisions, while the individual is directly engaged in everyday choice making, by exposing our precognitive emotional responses to identified thoughts, feelings, and actions. This article discusses gamma wave activity research, at the precognitive level, and its use for describing approach-avoidance decision making. Armed with these new insights, an individual can better understand the emotional triggers that affect our daily decisions.
Increase Strength and Mood with Posture
Authors: Peper Erik , Booiman Annette , Lin I-Mei , Harvey Richard
Published: June 2016

Body postures can project nonverbally how a human being feels. Postural changes affect thoughts, emotions, and energy levels, and conversely, energy levels, emotions, and thoughts affect posture. The purpose of this study was to explore how changes in erect or standing body posture affect positive energy levels, emotions, and thoughts. For example, increases in perceived arm muscle strength as well as recall of positive emotional memories due to posture changes will positively affect client beliefs about coping with difficult life circumstances. In this study, 33 participants paired up as “testers” or “subjects” and took turns standing either in an erect or collapsed/slouched posture. All subjects proceeded through a manual muscle testing procedure by raising their arms and attempting to resist the steady downward pressure applied by the tester to their forearm near their wrists. All but one (98%) of the subjects perceived greater arm strength as they resisted the downward pressure when they stood in an erect posture compared with when they stood in a collapsed/slouched posture. Similarly, testers observed that the subject were much stronger in their ability to resist the downward pressure in the erect versus slouched position (p < .01). The somatic feedback of muscle strength and the guided practice of how body position may affect recall of memories can be used to demonstrate the mind/emotion and body interactions. This study points out that psychology and bioneurofeedback training needs to understand how important body posture, movement, and somatic feedback are as part of the therapeutic and teaching process. Somatic awareness can be used as a tool to change behavior because changing the posture affects strength and recall of memories, which are important parts of the mind-body equation that underlies health and illness.
Calibrating Respiratory Strain Gauges: What the Numbers Mean for Monitoring Respiration
Authors: Peper Erik , Groshans Grant Hayes , Johnston James , Harvey Richard , Shaffer Fred
Published: June 2016

How can you be sure that a larger abdominal waveform, as compared with a smaller chest waveform, means that a client is breathing more abdominally than thoracically? Could this difference be due to discrepancies in the sensitivity of the sensors? This article describes a procedure for measuring the sensitivity of respiratory strain gauges and provides practical recommendations for accurate measurement and display of the relative expansion and contraction of the chest and abdomen.
Special Issue: Advances in Biofeedback Technology and Applications
Authors: Moss Donald
Published: June 2016

The cover of this special issue of Biofeedback illustrates the widespread problem of incontinence discussed in the lead article by Debbie Callif. According to Callif, more than 25 million Americans suffer with bladder bowel incontinence (thanks to Shutterstock for the image).
Revisiting the Origin of the Administrative versus Critical Research Debate
Authors: Katz Elihu , Katz Ruth
Published: June 2016

This scholarly essay by Elihu and Ruth Katz recounts the story of the “high moment” of the original debate between administrative and critical theory. The tensions between the Frankfurt and Vienna schools of immigrant scholars of the 1930s are captured in the conflict between Paul Lazarsfeld, who engaged with the then-new commercial model of media research, and Theodor Adorno, a critical scholar, who disdained it, over the Princeton Radio Research Project (1937–1944). In the end, they conclude that something of the other's model rubbed off on each of them.
US Communications Policy Research and the Integration of the Administrative and Critical Communication Research Traditions
Authors: Napoli Philip M. , Friedland Lewis
Published: June 2016

This article argues that many of the traditional distinctions used to distinguish critical from administrative research do not hold up well within the context of communications policy research. This argument is illustrated through an analysis of early communications policy research literature that sought to define the contours and objectives of the field, as well as through an assessment of developments in the field over the past 30 years. This article then uses the recent controversy surrounding the FCC's abandoned critical information needs research as a case study for exploring the prospects for a more integrated critical administrative research tradition.
El topo de bolsillo nicaragüense Orthogeomys matagalpae J.A. Allen, 1910 (Familia Geomyidae) en el bosque de neblina de Santo Domingo (Chontales), Nicaragua
Authors: Ruíz Javier , Gutiérrez Allan , Arróliga Osmar , Arauz Luis Martín , Flores Oscar
Published: June 2016

Realizamos la captura de un espécimen de topo de bolsillo nicaragüense - conocido en inglés como “Nicaraguan pocket gopher” (Orthogeomys matagalpae) en Santo Domingo (Chontales) en Nicaragua. El topo de bolsillo nicaragüense es una especie de roedor que pertenece a la familia Geomyidae.
Neobala Oman (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Neobaliinae): descrições de quatro novas espécies
Authors: Zanol Keti M. R.
Published: June 2016

Neobala Oman (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Neobaliinae): descrições de quatro novas espécies 
Produção de borbulhas ortotropicas para enxertia de Araucaria angustifolia
Authors: Constantino Valdeci , Zanette Flávio
Published: June 2016

Produção de borbulhas ortotropicas para enxertia de Araucaria angustifolia 
Habitat structure in the composition of leaf-litter insects in mosaic environment
Authors: Olivier e outros Renan da Silva
Published: June 2016

Habitat structure in the composition of leaf-litter insects in mosaic environment 
Tumores neoplásicos de cães e gatos diagnosticados no laboratório de patologia veterinária da Universidade Federal do Paraná
Authors: Sprenger Lew Kan , Risolia Larissa Wunsche , Gabardo Lorran , Molento Marcelo Beltrão , Da Silva Antônio Waldir Cunha , De Sousa Renato Silva
Published: June 2016

O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a prevalência dos tumores neoplásicos de cães e gatos examinados pelo Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba. Foram pesquisados os protocolos de biópsia dos animais de companhia, no período de janeiro de 1984 a dezembro de 2008. Os dados utilizados foram diagnóstico morfológico, sexo, idade e raça. Dos 1910 registros analisados, 1764 (92,4%) eram de cães e 146 (7,6%) de gatos.  Em cães, 1148/1764 (65,1%) dos animais acometidos eram fêmeas, 614/1764 (34,8%) machos e 2/1764 (0,1%) não informado. Os tumores mais prevalente foram: mastocitoma 273/1746 (15,5%); adenocarcinoma 268/1764 (15,2%) e adenoma 112/1764 (6,3%). A faixa etária variou de 25 dias a 20 anos, com média de 7,8 anos. As raças mais afetadas foram: SRD 503/1764 (28,5%); Boxer 186/1764 (10,5%); Pastor Alemão 179/1764 (10,1%); Poodle 128/1764 (7,3%) e Rottweiler 113/1764 (6,4%). No caso dos gatos, 101/146 (69,2%) eram fêmeas, 43/146 (29,5%) machos e 2/146 (1,3%) não informado. Os neoplasmas mais prevalente foram: carcinoma 35/146 (24%); carcinoma espinocelular 34/146 (23,3%) e fibrossarcoma 15/146 (10,3%). A faixa etária variou entre 4 meses a 16 anos, com média de 8,8 anos. As raças afetadas foram: SRD 78/146 (53,4%); Persa 36/146 (24,7%); Siamês 22/146 (15,1%); Maine Coon 6/146 (4,1%) e Bengal 4/146 (2,7%). É fundamental o estudo epidemiológico sobre neoplasias, devido ao escasso número destes e da grande importância dessa área em medicina veterinária.
FEEDING FREQUENCY ITS ACTION ON VIABILITY OF PRODUCTION AND PARASITE LOAD IN Pterophyllum scalare
Authors: Fujimoto Rodrigo Yudi , Santos Rudã Fernandes Brandão , Honorato Claucia Aparecida , Dias Henrique Malta , Ramos Fabrício Menezes , Silva Derlan José Ferreira
Published: June 2016

Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) is a very important species in Brazil’s domestic market, enjoying feeding managements that differ from fish breeders to aquarists, so the cost of feed and labor become relevant items when cultivating the species. Thus, the objective of this work was to assess feeding frequency and feed deprivation based on growth performance, parasite infestation and cost-benefit in farming the species. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in a 3x2 factorial scheme with 3 daily feeding levels, 4 meals, 2 meals and 1 meal; with and without feed deprivation and two repetitions. Feed deprivation consisted of offering feed 5 days a week only. Considering the performance, we observed that feeding once a day is the management of choice when the objective is maintaining fish weight. Feeding twice a day without deprivation and four times a day with or without feed deprivation resulted in higher growth performance than feeding once a day. Monogenean and nematode loads were not influenced by feeding management. The cost-benefit analysis enabled us to observe that the treatment with the best benefit was the one involving two feedings a day with no deprivation. Thus, considering the parameters mentioned above, we concluded that the treatment consisting of two daily feedings with no feed deprivation is the most adequate for farming this specie.
DOENÇAS DE RUMINANTES DOMÉSTICOS DIAGNOSTICADAS NO LABORATÓRIO DE PATOLOGIA VETERINÁRIA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ: 1075 CASOS
Authors: Sprenger Lew Kan , Risolia Larissa Wünsche , Gabardo Lorran Baeumle , Molento Marcelo Beltrão , Da Silva Antônio Waldir Cunha , De Sousa Renato Silva
Published: June 2016

O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a prevalência das doenças encontradas em bovinos, caprinos e ovinos examinados pelo Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Paraná (LABDP-UFPR), Curitiba. Foram pesquisados os protocolos de necropsia dos animais, no período de fevereiro de 1967 a dezembro de 2012. Foram examinados 1075 cadáveres de ruminantes domésticos no LABPV-UFPR, sendo que 59,9% (644/1075) eram bovinos, 23,6% (254/1075) de ovinos e 16,5% (177/1075) de caprinos. A tuberculose foi a principal causa de morte em bovinos 8,23% (53/644), seguido de raiva 7,30% (47/644), tristeza parasitária bovina 6,68% (43/644) e intoxicação por Pteridium aquilinum 6,06% (39/644). A hemoncose foi a principal causa de morte em ovinos 20,87% (53/254), seguido de enterotoxemia 11,02% (28/254), intoxicação por Ipomoea asarifolia 7,48% (19/254) e tétano 7,48% (19/254). A hemoncose foi o maior responsável pela mortalidade de caprinos 17,51% (31/177), seguido de artrite- encefalite caprina (CAE) 7,91% (14/177), tétano 6,21% (11/177) e fasciolose 4,52% (8/177). Os dados presentes neste trabalho permitem que veterinários tenham acesso as principais enfermidades que acometem os ruminantes domésticos na Região Sudeste do Paraná.
AVALIAÇÃO MACROSCÓPICA DA ATIVIDADE CICATRIZANTE DA PLANTA Luehea divaricata (Açoita-cavalo) NA TERAPÊUTICA TÓPICA DE FERIDAS CUTÂNEAS
Authors: Batista Emanuelle Karine Frota , Trindade Hebelys Ibiapina da , MAIA FLORA SUZANE PARENTE , Araújo Kelly Noilla de Sousa , Sousa Joao Macedo De , Batista Maria Do Carmo de Souza
Published: June 2016

O uso de fitoterápicos, com os mais diferentes objetivos, é feito desde tempos remotos. Dentre eles, a planta Luehea dicaricata (açoita-cavalo), tem sido proposta popularmente para fins diversos, incluindo a cicatrização de feridas. Porém, sua indicação popular, carece de investigações científicas mais aprofundadas. Com base nisto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade cicatrizante de uma formulação a base de gel de quitosana acrescido ao extrato etanólico da casca do caule de L.divaricata nas concentrações de 2% e 4%. Para tal foram produzidas feridas cirúrgicas no dorso de ratos Wistar, sendo utilizados 40 ratos machos divididos em cinco grupos. Para comparação de resultados utilizou-se para controle positivo, um gel comercial a base de ácidos graxos essenciais, vitaminas A e E, óleos de copaíba e melaleuca e no grupo controle negativo, nada foi utilizado. Foi feito ainda um grupo em que se utilizou apenas a quitosana. Após 24 horas da cirurgia, iniciou-se o tratamento com aplicações duas vezes ao dia. A evolução da cicatrização foi avaliada diariamente e a mensuração da área das feridas feita a cada três dias. Os resultados da avaliação macroscópica foram submetidos à Análise de Variância e comparação de médias pelo Teste T ao nível de 5% de significância. Formulações tópicas a base de gel de quitosana e extrato de L. divaricataa 4%, aplicadas duas vezes ao dia, podem ser benéficas ao processo cicatricial do ponto de vista macroscópico, visto que podem otimizar a fase de fibroplasia da cicatrização. Além disso, a referida formulação induz menor exsudação, facilitando o processo cicatricial.
Acute ophthalmoplegia without ataxia associated with anti-GQ1b antibody in a Chinese Gentleman
Authors: Yip Helen LK , Kwan MC , Cheng WK , Lau WY
Published: June 2016

Miller Fisher first described three patients who suffered from acute neurological illness characterized by ophthalmoplegia, areflexia and ataxia. It is considered to be a subtype of Guillain Barre Syndrome. While another subtype of GBS without ataxia was first described by Chiba et al. and is associated with isolated acute ophthalmoplegia with raised anti-GQ1b Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody in early phase of illness. We report a Chinese patient who presented with acute ophthalmoplegia without ataxia nor limb weakness with strongly positive anti-GQ1b IgG antibody.  His neurological symptoms improved after a course of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy.
Identity Functions and Empathetic Tendencies of Teacher Candidates
Authors: AY Alpaslan , Kadi Aysegul
Published: June 2016

Objective of this research is to investigate identity functions and empathetic tendencies of teacher candidates. Sample consists of 232 teacher candidates in social studies teacher education. Survey model is preferred to investigate the difference between identity functions and empathetic tendencies of teacher candidates. And also correlational design is used to investigate the relationship between identity functions and empathetic tendencies of teacher candidates. Findings are: Identity functions and empathetic tendencies of teacher candidates don’t change according to gender, class, education level of mother and father, family income and education type. İdentity functions points of teacher candidates change according to age but empathetic tendencies of teacher candidates don’t change according to age. İdentity functions points of teacher candidates don’t change according to geographical region but empathetic tendencies of teacher candidates change according to geographical region. İdentity functions and empathetic tendencies points of teacher candidates change according to administrative division. There is not a significant relationship between identity functions and empathetic tendencies of teacher candidates at 0.05 level of significance.
The Third Round of the Czech Validation of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ)
Authors: Vaculíkova Jitka
Published: June 2016

The authors present findings on the third round of the Czech validation of the Motivated Strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ), originally developed by Pintrich et al. (1991). The validation only covered an area designed to access motivation in self-regulated learning. Data was collected from a sample of university students in regular classroom settings. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted with eigenvalues exceeding 1. An inspection of the scree plot, discontinuity in variance, Monte Carlo parallel analysis and Cronbach’s alphas were performed to assess the psychometric properties. The results were further supported by the confirmatory factor analysis with no post hoc model modifications needed. The analysis confirmed the first and second round validation structure bringing a 3-factor model and indicated that the revised MSLQ is an acceptable measure of motivation in self-regulated learning.
Preservice Mathematics Teachers’ Metaphorical Perceptions towards Proof and Proving
Authors: Ersen Zeynep Bahar
Published: June 2016

Since mathematical proof and proving are in the center of mathematics; preservice mathematics teachers’ perceptions against these concepts have a great importance. Therefore, the study aimed to determine preservice mathematics teachers’ perceptions towards proof and proving through metaphors. The participants consisted of 192 preservice mathematics teachers in a public university in Aegean Region. As a data collection tool, to reveal preservice mathematics teachers’ metaphorical perceptions towards the proof and proving, the form that includes the blanks in the sentences “Mathematical proof is like… Because…” and “Mathematical proving is like… Because…” Data was analyzed using content analysis method. Sixteen themes about the concept of proof and twenty themes about the concept of proving were composed. After taking a specialist opinion, Miles&Huberman’s reliability co-efficient was calculated .92. According to the research results; preservice mathematics teachers had positive perceptions for mathematical proof; but in the matter of proving, they had negative perceptions.As a recommendation, it should be conducted to present why preservice mathematics teachers’ perceptions about proof and proving are negative by using depth interviews.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 5, No. 4
Authors: Smith Wendy
Published: June 2016

International Journal of Statistics and Probability wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.Many authors, regardless of whether International Journal of Statistics and Probability publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 4Abdullah A. SMADIAfsin SahinAnwar H JoarderBibi AbdelouahabChin-Shang LiEncarnación Alvarez-VerdejoFarida KachapovaGabriel A. OkyereGane Samb LoHongsheng DaiJiannan LuMarcelo BourguignonMirko D'OvidioNicolas MARIEPhilip WestgateVyacheslav AbramovWei ZhangWojciech GamrotYimei LiYulei Pang
Pricing Challenges in Export Contracts of Gas Industry of Iran; Capacities and Obstacles
Authors: Aboieyeh Fakhredin , Katebi Aye
Published: June 2016

The present study is conducted via library and field method and implementing interviews. First, general issues in terms of natural gas and its market and its features within Persian Gulf and the past and present of the gas industry of the country has been explored to facilitate entering the main discussion and found out that the gas market is a local market and lack of recognizing a basic price in Persian Gulf and in particular in Iran caused that despite its superior position among resources not to have an efficient impact so far and in continuation gas export contract conditions and common formula analysis were analyzed to find out how apposite pricing formula can be arranged. The obtained results showed that lack of gas export is an unwritten political policy and originates mostly from the loss of its pricing formula and specialized analyzing of the pricing principles across the world and use of regional standards can solve this retardation.
A Probe into Impediments of Benefit Gain in Investment Contracts of Oil and Gas Industries
Authors: Mardani Nader , Hooshmand Mohammad Mehdi
Published: June 2016

Generally, oil contracts comprise of a set of benefits in their own specific settings. Different technical, sometimes fundamental, factors may lead to imbalance in benefiting from the contract; this is considered as injustice in international relations and a violation to purpose of law. Therefore, seeking strategies to deploy justice in this field and offering strategies to find such strategies is of crucial importance. The present study is aimed at investigating impediments and factors that cause imbalance in equal gains of both parties in these contracts. Identification of these factors and the existing conditions significantly help realization of justice within a framework of rules and regulations. After carrying out deep analyses of oil contract and evaluation of the results, factors influencing this were identified; some of this factors such as contract parties and selection of the type of contract and currency system are related to the parties’ will sand some others are related to conditions such as risks of economic policy making and of economic structures, while there is another case of gas and oil price fluctuations which is separate from the existing conditions or parties’ wills. Therefore, it is of great importance to take these issues into account and to make attempts to follow them toward gaining benefit from oil contracts for oil companies, particularly those in countries where oil is the aim source of income.
Material Reinforcement, Cognitive and Affective Behaviours among Primary School Pupils’
Authors: JANET. N. IGBO , D. I. MEZIEOBI , IFEYINWA EZENWAJI , GRACE ONUORAH
Published: June 2016

This research paper aimed at determining the impact of material reinforcement on primary school pupils’ cognitive and affective behaviours in the classroom situations. Two research purposes, research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. Expose-factor research design was adopted. The sample for the study was 557 pupils. Questionnaire was used in data collection. Mean standard deviation and t-test were applied in answering the research questions while t-test was used in the analysis of the data. Results obtained indicated that material reinforcement influenced both cognitive and affective behaviours of primary school pupils significantly.
Building Virtually Free Subject Area Expertise through Social Media: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Kooy Brian K.
Published: June 2016

Central to the ongoing success of the liaison model is the need for liaison librarians to stay informed and up-to-date about recent developments in the subject areas of their assigned academic departments and programs. This article describes an exploratory study conducted to determine whether information obtained from the social media accounts of discipline-based scholarly associations can be used by liaison librarians as a no-cost expedient method of staying informed and up-to-date. The results of the study provide insights into the disciplines and associations that are using social media, the social media platforms that associations are using, the quantity and type of information that associations are posting, and the potential for liaisons to use the information as a way of staying current in their assigned subject areas.
Strategies for Success: Open Access Policies at North American Educational Institutions
Authors: Fruin Christine , Sutton Shan
Published: June 2016

Recognizing the paucity of quantitative and qualitative data from North American educational institutions that have pursued open access policies, the authors devised a survey to collect information on the characteristics of these institutions, as well as the elements of the open access policies, the methods of promoting these policies, faculty concerns about the policies, and how those concerns have been addressed. The data collected through survey results from fifty-one institutions can inform the strategic decisions being made by other institutions considering an open access policy and illustrates the essential roles that academic libraries can play in the development and passage of open access policies.
Academic Librarians in Data Information Literacy Instruction: A Case Study in Meteorology
Authors: Frank Emily P. , Pharo Nils
Published: June 2016

E-science has reshaped meteorology due to the rate data is generated, collected, analyzed, and stored and brought data skills to a new prominence. Data information literacy—the skills needed to understand, use, manage, share, work with, and produce data—reflects the confluence of data skills with information literacy competencies. This research assessed perceptions of data information literacy and attitudes on its instruction for graduate students in meteorology. As academic librarians have traditionally provided information literacy instruction, the research determined if they were perceived as having a role in data information literacy instruction. The modified Delphi method was applied to obtain the perspectives of a panel of experts, representing students, librarians, professors, and researchers, for the purpose of forecasting and consensus-making. Through the consideration of the University of Oslo’s Department of Geosciences’ Meteorology Section, the research found that data information literacy skills were relevant to the work of meteorology students. Stakeholders perceived that academic librarians could play a future role in general instruction but that they would have to overcome obstacles to be involved in data information literacy instruction. For librarians to enter this domain, they would need to improve their technical skills, enhance their discipline-specific knowledge, or rely on collaborations. The significance of these findings was limited by the modest target population under examination; as a consequence, the results were strongly linked to the specific setting. Further studies would be necessary to determine their generalizability.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DA MEDIAÇÃO COMO FORMA DE EFETIVAÇÃO AO ACESSO À JUSTIÇA E O PRINCÍPIO DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA
Authors: Siqueira Dirceu Pereira , Paiva Caroline Zanetti
Published: June 2016

Conflitos são inerente à todo e qualquer ser humano, no entanto, a forma com que os mesmos serão dirimidos é que determinará as consequências do imbróglio. A mediação, por se tratar de uma forma de autocomposição assistida onde às partes são estimuladas a visualizarem e delinearem o conflito e encorajadas a solucionarem por si seus problemas, visa amenizar as consequências do imbróglio e o alcance efetivo da resolução do conflito. Garantir o respeito ao princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana é garantir um efetivo acesso à justiça que garanta aos conflitantes o mínimo de conseqüência possível a fim de preservar seus direitos fundamentais.
APLICATIVO SECRET: SOMOS TODOS INVISÍVEIS? UM OLHAR CONSTITUCIONAL SOBRE O DIÁLOGO ENTRE ANONIMATO E LIBERDADE DE EXPRESSÃO NO AMBIENTE VIRTUAL
Authors: Kunde Bárbara Michele Morais , Reis Jorge Renato dos
Published: June 2016

A Constituição Federal brasileira, vértice do ordenamento jurídico, tutela a liberdade de expressão em grande amplitude, vedando, no entanto, o anonimato. Considerando-se a existência de um aplicativo para celulares denominado Secret, que assegura a postagem de mensagens, no mundo virtual, de forma anônima, e tendo em vista o atual modelo democrático que prima pela liberdade de expressão com responsabilidade, não é possível que o emissor da informação não seja identificado, sob pena de eventualmente, no exercício de sua expressão, em caso de abuso, violar o direito de personalidade alheio. Por outro lado, se permitido o uso do referido aplicativo, até que ponto ele fomenta o discurso do ódio? Considerando-se a comunicação instantânea e global, percebe-se que o potencial lesivo é bastante acentuado, reclamando, portanto, uma proteção ainda mais intensa pelo Direito, convocando o Órgão das Nações Unidas a adotar medidas neste sentido. O que se deve perseguir é realização plena da dignidade da pessoa humana, valor universal, e princípio basilar dos sistemas jurídicos.