bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research as a Respectful Practice: an Exploration of the Practice of Respect in Qualitative Research
Authors: O'Grady Emmanuel
Published: October 2016

This article explores the practice of respect within qualitative research methods. As interpersonal respect plays a significant role in the esteem felt within a relationship, it can also serve to cultivate trust between researchers and their participants in a research study. This article details the findings of a research study examining respect between a teacher and her pupils by extending the investigation into their experiences of feeling respected during the research process. The emerging data found that participants believed respect to be linked with an esteem of their contribution as well as the relational capacity of the researcher to fully convey this esteem. The reciprocation of esteem by participants was cited helping them to trust a researcher and to a more honest engagement with the study. However, unintentional collusion through this increased rapport emerged as a salient issue and therefore possibly diminishing the validity of the research findings.
My Story, My Identity: Doctoral Students of Color at a Research University
Authors: Jaeger Audrey J. , Haley Karen J.
Published: October 2016

We are deeply concerned about the small representation of faculty of color in the academy; thus, we address the question of how and why doctoral students of color choose a particular career path. This qualitative research study, through the voices of the doctoral students of color, identifies and explains both the overt and covert obstacles encountered by graduate students of color in their consideration of academic careers. The stories of leading change efforts through the pursuit of an advanced education are stories of individual agency. At the same time, their education was not an individual effort; rather, these students of color pursued an advanced education both for themselves and for others. These results suggest specific implications for practice that focus on the unique perspectives of doctoral students of color.
La Educación Física Escolar en Tres Centros Educativos de Chile: una Caracterización de sus Prácticas Docentes
Authors: Moreno-Doña Alberto , Valencia-Peris Alexandra , Rivera-García Enrique
Published: October 2016

Physical Education (PE) generally, and Chilean one, specifically, is in the middle of an identity crisis. There is a vision of the body as a production object. This vision has been generated in the light of social Darwinism, and at the same time there are other more conciliatory and global approaches. This investigation tries, with a holistic approach based on participating observation, to look into the practices carried out in relation to PE in schools in the Chilean context. The main conclusion from the analysis carried out is that in schools, PE is mainly focused on “doing” and on the production of results that can later on be assessed with objectivity. This means that schools are still an environment in which discrimination is still present and motor competency is the regulating factor for the processes generated in schools.
Comprendre Le Role Des Systemes D’information Dans L’amelioration De La Performance Et La Maturite Des Processus Logistiques: Etude Qualitative Aupres De Six Entreprises De L’industrie Automobile Et Aeronautique Au Maroc
Authors: Boubker Omar , Chafik Khalid
Published: November 2016

The main objective of this paper is to understand the process by which the logistics information systems contribute to the performance and process maturity. On the methodological plan, we adopted an exploratory qualitative approach, based on a sample of six companies in the automotive and aerospace industries in Morocco. The results assert that the logistics information systems use is highly dependent on several variables. Besides, they show that the user experience remains a central variable which influences the level of use, user satisfaction and level of logistics information quality perception. These results indicate that the issue of process maturity remains difficult to operationalize in the studied cases, something in which we found it necessary to merge the variables related to the performance and process maturity in a single variable called "logistics benefits".
Open Peer Review in Scientific Publishing: A Web Mining Study of PeerJ Authors and Reviewers
Authors: Wang Peiling , You Sukjin , Manasa Rath , Wolfram Dietmar
Published: November 2016

Purpose

To understand how authors and reviewers are accepting and embracing Open Peer Review (OPR), one of the newest innovations in the Open Science movement.

Design/methodology/approach

This research collected and analyzed data from the Open Access journal PeerJ over its first three years (2013–2016). Web data were scraped, cleaned, and structured using several Web tools and programs. The structured data were imported into a relational database. Data analyses were conducted using analytical tools as well as programs developed by the researchers.

Findings

PeerJ, which supports optional OPR, has a broad international representation of authors and referees. Approximately 73.89% of articles provide full review histories. Of the articles with published review histories, 17.61% had identities of all reviewers and 52.57% had at least one signed reviewer. In total, 43.23% of all reviews were signed. The observed proportions of signed reviews have been relatively stable over the period since the Journal’s inception.

Research limitations

This research is constrained by the availability of the peer review history data. Some peer reviews were not available when the authors opted out of publishing their review histories. The anonymity of reviewers made it impossible to give an accurate count of reviewers who contributed to the review process.

Practical implications

These findings shed light on the current characteristics of OPR. Given the policy that authors are encouraged to make their articles’ review history public and referees are encouraged to sign their review reports, the three years of PeerJ review data demonstrate that there is still some reluctance by authors to make their reviews public and by reviewers to identify themselves.

Originality/value

This is the first study to closely examine PeerJ as an example of an OPR model journal. As Open Science moves further towards open research, OPR is a final and critical component. Research in this area must identify the best policies and paths towards a transparent and open peer review process for scientific communication.
Um dia mais verde
Authors: Munduruca Rafael
Published: November 2016

Apesar de ser paulista, cresci em outras parágens. Mas, há cerca de seis anos, voltei. E sempre que ouvia falar sobre São Paulo duas frases clichês eram recorrentes: São Paulo é uma selva de pedra; e São Paulo é cinza. Em um determinado momento, já habitando na capital paulista, senti que a vida me levava por ruas tortas e escuras e que era preciso parar e procurar um pouco de luz, de resistência, de verde. Um verde que resiste, que invade lugares improváveis, que fura o cimento e o asfalto, que se sobrepõe ao concreto. O verde como metáfora da vida. Comecei a prestar mais atenção por meus caminhos, comecei a escolher caminhos mais longos, e fui registrando um pouco do verde que via. E assim foi surgindo o projeto Um dia mais verde. Apresento aqui uma pequena amostra desta coleção de verdes que resistem à cidade.
Do garrafeiro ao catador de materiais recicláveis: o (re) surgimento de um sujeito do projeto urbano
Authors: Passinatto Rubiamara
Published: November 2016

São envolvidos os sujeitos catadores de materiais recicláveis. A historicidade desta profissão tem registro inicial no século XX, a partir do modelo consumista de vida, que além do aumento da produção de resíduos marca o crescimento do número de desempregados que passam a encontrar na catação o sustento. A partir desse contexto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar as diferentes posições–sujeito que podem ser depreendidas no discurso do catador de materiais recicláveis que participa do Projeto “Profissão catador: entre o viver e sobreviver do lixo”, na cidade de Cruz AltaRS. A reflexão está fundamentada na Análise de Discurso de Linha Francesa (AD), a partir da perspectiva de Pêcheux (1990, 1993, 2009), Pêcheux e Fuchs (1990) e Orlandi (2001, 2010). A metodologia usada na pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa-descritiva, tendo como corpus recortes discursivos de cartas avaliativas dos catadores à empresa financiadora do Projeto. Constatou-se após a análise que no universo do catador, há, ao menos, duas formações discursivas que se imbricam e entre as quais o sujeito circula, assumindo posições de sujeito vinculadas ao lixo, ao trabalho, à autonomia e ao meio ambiente
A língua, os museus e os espelhos
Authors: Cervo Larissa Montagner
Published: November 2016

Neste artigo, propomo-nos refletir o Mundolingua, um museu parisiense dedicado à língua, às línguas e à linguística, observando o modo como o discurso religioso e o discurso de divulgação científica são confrontados no que tange a explicações sobre a linguagem verbal e a(s) língua(s). Faremos nossa análise em contraponto a algumas considerações sobre o Museu da Língua Portuguesa (São Paulo – SP), em especial, a respeito da presença de espelhos, algo comum a ambos e que produz o efeito de naturalização do sujeito como origem de si. Nossa perspectiva teórico-metodológica é a Análise de Discurso.
Por uma etnografia das redes sem fio comunitárias: implementar tecnologias descentralizadas para agir contra a crise em Detroit
Authors: Huguet François
Published: November 2016

As relações urbanas são atravessadas por um embate entre a organização administrativa do espaço pelos órgãos oficiais e as práticas cotidianas que buscam alternativas frente ao poder do Estado. Neste artigo, é analisado o modo como esse embate produz estratégias e práticas econômicas alternativas na cidade americana de Detroit para escapar da chamada “crise urbana” no Capitalismo contemporâneo. São descritas outras formas de pensar um modelo urbano,concebido e apoiado pela participação dos cidadãos e seu “poder de agir” mediante o uso de objetos tecnológicos. A análise de entrevistas com os sujeitos destas diferentes práticas aponta para uma vontade de reconexão, buscando engendrar uma dinâmica da mudança social na relação com as infraestruturas tecnológicas.
Chão de estrelas ou onde acontece a arte?
Authors: Monteiro Ticiano Pereira , Veiga Luana Marchiori
Published: November 2016

Chão de Estrelas apresenta uma reflexão realizada no contexto de uma investigação artística sobre os cantores de videokê que frequentam os bares do centro da cidade de Fortaleza. Partindo de filmagens realizadas entre 2006 e 2008, editadas e apresentadas como videoinstalação, otexto analisa diferentes subjetivações produzidas a partir dos usos que os cantores fazem dos aparelhos de videokê disponíveis em bares e restaurantes, evidenciando duas tendências principais e opostas: subjetividades que seguem as linhas de sedimentação e subjetivações que produzem linhas de fratura, ambas moduladas por uma cultura do espetáculo audiovisual televisivo.
A Novel Complication of the Dall-Miles Cable Grip System Mimicking Recurrent Synovial Chondromatosis
Authors: Wilson Jacob , Riff Andrew J. , Hellman Michael D. , Sethi Shenon , Jacobs Joshua J. , Gitelis Steven
Published: November 2016

Case:

A 25-year-old man with synovial chondromatosis of the hip was treated with a synovectomy through a transtrochanteric approach; the repair was made with use of a Dall-Miles cable. Approximately 13 years later, the patient returned with a massive bursal reaction and a cyst containing “rice bodies.” Although the physical examination and imaging were suggestive of recurrent synovial chondromatosis, the bursal reaction actually represented a novel complication of the Dall-Miles system.

Conclusion:

When a patient who has had prior orthopaedic instrumentation presents with pain and imaging that demonstrates formation of a bursal cyst, a cyst containing rice bodies secondary to bursal irritation by the implant should be considered.
Applying Lessons Learned To Minimize Overall Investment in Unconventional Plays
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: November 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 172973, USD 40 Billion Learning Curve: Leveraging Lessons Learned To Minimize the Overall Investment in Unconventional Plays,by C.N. Fredd, SPE, J.L. Daniels, SPE, and J.D. Baihly, SPE, Schlumberger, prepared for the 2015 SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition, Muscat, Oman, 26 - 28 January. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The development of unconventional resources in North America was aided by the readily available infrastructure, water resources, expertise, and a general understanding of potential sweet spots caused by numerous well penetrations. Even with these favorable conditions, an estimated 40% of unconventional wells are uneconomical. This paper provides a retrospective assessment of the Barnett and Eagle Ford Shale plays to highlight lessons learned and the associated value of those learnings.

Introduction

Although horizontal drilling and multistage fracturing (MSF) have changed the economic viability of unconventional resources significantly, such drilling has also encountered a wide range of production variability. This nonideal production performance further leads to consumption of local resources such as water and proppant that are used in hydraulic-fracturing treatments. The poor economic performance of a high percentage of wells is the result of spatial variability in reservoir characteristics such as hydrocarbon in place, gas/oil ratio (GOR), and reservoir pressure; lateral heterogeneity along the wellbores; limited accuracy of well placement; and variability in drilling, completion, and stimulation practices.

The development of best practices and the learning curves associated with the Barnett and Eagle Ford Shale plays are detailed in the complete paper, as are the rationale and methodology for retrospective assessments of both plays.

Barnett Shale Retrospective Assessment

The retrospective assessment for the Barnett was simulated for five specified cases by use of the parameters summarized in Table 1 and the corresponding cost parameters summarized in Table 4 of the complete paper. This cost model was used to represent the average cost throughout the development. Hence, this retrospective assessment does not account for the actual variability in cost from year to year.
Parameter estimation of an improved nonlinear Muskingum model using a new hybrid method
Authors: Niazkar Majid , Afzali Seied Hosein
Published: October 2016

Although various techniques have been proposed to estimate the parameters of different versions of the Muskingum model, more rigorous techniques and models are still required to improve the computational precision of the calibration process. In this research, a new hybrid technique was proposed for Muskingum parameter estimation. Based on the conducted comprehensive literature review on the Muskingum flood routing models, a new improved Muskingum model with nine constant parameters was presented. Since the inflow-weighted parameter in the proposed model is a function of inflow hydrograph, it varies during the flood period and consequently can also be considered as a variable-parameter Muskingum model. The new hybrid technique was successfully applied for parameter estimation of the new version of Muskingum model for two case studies selected from the literature. Results were compared with those of other methods using several common performance evaluation criteria. The new Muskingum model significantly reduces the sum of the square of the deviations between the observed and routed outflows (SSQ) value for the double-peak case study. Finally, the obtained results indicate that not only the hybrid modified honey bee mating optimization-generalized reduced gradient algorithm somehow overcomes the shortcomings of both zero and first-order optimization techniques, but also the new Muskingum model appears to be the most reliable Muskingum version compared with the other methods considered in this study.
Spatial and temporal variability of blue/green water flows in typical meteorological years in an inland river basin in China
Authors: Zang Chuanfu
Published: October 2016

Blue/green water closely links the water cycle and ecological processes. On the watershed scale, how blue/green water flows vary among different typical meteorological years (dry years, wet years, and normal years) remains poorly reported. To analyze the spatial and temporal variability of blue/green water in typical years in the Heihe River Basin, typical meteorological years were obtained by using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the precipitation anomaly index (H) and simulated blue/green water flows using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The typical meteorological years are often not consistent from upstream to downstream in the Heihe River Basin, except in 1978 and 1998. Furthermore, the blue/green water quantities in wet years (1998, 27.93 billion m3) are higher than in dry years (1978, 16.80 billion m3). The green water coefficient (GWC) is more than 87.5% in the entire river basin. There was a negative correlation between the GWC and the degree of dry and wet in the typical meteorological years, as the drier the climate, the higher the GWC. This study provided an understanding of green/blue flows in different reference years to inland river green and blue water resource management.
Projection of runoff and sediment yield under coordinated climate change and urbanization scenarios in Doam dam watershed, Korea
Authors: Kim Young Do , Kim Jung Min , Kang Boosik
Published: October 2016

A hydro-environmental model chain in the Doam dam basin, Korea, was developed for an impact assessment under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's A1B scenario. The feasible downscaling scheme composed of an artificial neural network (ANN) and non-stationary quantile mapping was applied to the GCM (Global Climate Model) output. The impacts under climate and land use change scenarios were examined and projected using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The daily SWAT model was calibrated and validated for 2003–2004 and 2006–2008, respectively. Meanwhile the monthly SS (suspended solids) was calibrated and validated for 1999–2001 and 2007–2009, respectively. The simulation results illustrated that under the assumption of 1–5% urbanization of the forest area, the hydrologic impact is relatively negligible and the climate change impacts are dominant over the urbanization impacts. Additionally the partial impacts of land use changes were analyzed under five different scenarios: partial change of forest to urban (PCFUr), to bare field, to grassland, to upland crop (PCFUp), and to agriculture (PCFA). The analysis of the runoff change shows the highest rate of increase, 73.57% in April, for the PCFUp scenario. The second and third highest rate increases, 37.83% and 31.45% in May, occurred under the PCFA and PCFUr scenarios, respectively.
The metal binding potential of a dairy isolate
Authors: Ramyakrishna K. , Sudhamani M.
Published: October 2016

Excess iron in water resources can lead to health hazards and problems. The ability of lactic acid bacteria to bind iron has not yet been widely studied. In the present study, sorption of iron ions from aqueous solutions onto lactic acid bacterium was determined. Elemental analyses were carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The kinetics of Fe(III) biosorption was investigated at different initial concentrations of metal ion. The highest uptake capacity was found to be 16 mg of Fe(III) per gram of adsorbent with a contact time of 24 hr and at initial metal ion concentration of 34 mg/L. The uptake capacity of Fe(III) ion varied from 83.2 to 46.7% across the range of initial metal ion concentrations. The equilibrium data were evaluated by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, and were found to fit better with the latter (R2 = 0.9999). The surface morphology of the biomass and percentage of metal was characterized by using a scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The functional groups on the cell wall surface of biomass involved in biosorption of heavy metals were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum.
Prior Acute Mental Exertion in Exercise and Sport
Authors: Silva-Júnior Fernando Lopes e , Emanuel Patrick , Sousa Jordan , Silva Matheus , Teixeira Silmar , Oliveira Pires Flávio , Machado Sérgio , Arias-Carrion Oscar
Published: November 2016

Introduction:

Mental exertion is a psychophysiological state caused by sustained and prolonged cognitive activity. The understanding of the possible effects of acute mental exertion on physical performance, and their physiological and psychological responses are of great importance for the performance of different occupations, such as military, construction workers, athletes (professional or recreational) or simply practicing regular exercise, since these occupations often combine physical and mental tasks while performing their activities. However, the effects of implementation of a cognitive task on responses to aerobic exercise and sports are poorly understood. Our narrative review aims to provide information on the current research related to the effects of prior acute mental fatigue on physical performance and their physiological and psychological responses associated with exercise and sports.

Methods:

The literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and PsycInfo using the following terms and their combinations: “mental exertion”, “mental fatigue”, “mental fatigue and performance”, “mental exertion and sports” “mental exertion and exercise”.

Results:

We concluded that prior acute mental exertion affects effectively the physiological and psychophysiological responses during the cognitive task, and performance in exercise.

Conclusion:

Additional studies involving prior acute mental exertion, exercise/sports and physical performance still need to be carried out in order to analyze the physiological, psychophysiological and neurophysiological responses subsequently to acute mental exertion in order to identify cardiovascular factors, psychological, neuropsychological associates.
The Avise Lupus Test and Cell-bound Complement Activation Products Aid the Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Mossell James , Goldman John A. , Barken Derren , Alexander Roberta Vezza
Published: November 2016

Background:

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted disease, and its diagnosis may be challenging. A blood test for the diagnosis of SLE, the Avise Lupus test, has been recently commercialized and validated in clinical studies.

Objectives:

To evaluate the use of the Avise Lupus test by community rheumatologists.

Methods:

The study is a longitudinal, case-control, retrospective review of medical charts. Cases had a positive test result, and controls had a negative result; all patients were anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) positive but negative for SLE-specific autoantibodies. Features of SLE, diagnosis, and medications at two time points were recorded.

Results:

Twenty of the 23 cases (87%) and 4 of the 23 controls (17%) were diagnosed with SLE (sensitivity=83%; specificity=86%). More cases than controls (43% vs. 17%) fulfilled 4 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria of SLE. Sensitivity of the test was significantly higher than the ACR score (83% vs. 42%, p=0.006). A higher percentage of patients who met the classification criteria had elevated cell-bound complement activation products (CB-CAPs) compared to patients who did not. Anti-rheumatic medications were used in a higher percentage of cases than controls (83% vs. 35% at baseline, p=0.002), suggesting that cases were treated more aggressively early on.

Conclusion:

A positive Avise Lupus test result aids in formulating a SLE diagnosis when diagnosis based on standard-of-care tests and clinical features may be challenging, and impacts patient management. Prospective studies will be performed to better evaluate the clinical utility of the test and of CB-CAPs as biomarkers of SLE.
Performance Analysis of an Optical System Using Dispersion Compensation Fiber & Linearly Chirped Apodized Fiber Bragg Grating
Authors: Joshi Vibha , Mehra Rekha
Published: November 2016

In this paper, a proposal for analyzing the performance of an optical system by using dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) and linear chirped apodized fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has been put forth. Both systems have three different schemes pre, post and symmetrical. Various parameters used for this analysis are input power, distance & input bit rate. Performance is analyzed in terms of Q factor, Bit Error Rate (BER) and Eye Diagram. It is found that use of FBG as a dispersion compensating element gives better system performance as compared to DCF.
The East Lost the Cold war, but did the West Win?
Authors: Bauer Curtis
Published: November 2016

Clearly the East lost the Cold War to the West, suffering total economic and political collapse by the late 1980s. Yet it is not entirely clear if or what the West won. Western economies continue to labor under the extensive military commitments. The ideology of liberal democracy, although laudable, is difficult to implement. Capitalism, as an economic system, is torn between the need for perpetual growth and the protection of a fragile environment. Was the end of the Cold War truly "the end of history" as some suggest, or do the lessons of the period stand instead as a cautionary for the future?
New Frontiers of Knowledge: Science and Technology in the Late 1950s American Cold War Propaganda
Authors: Rockwell Trevor
Published: November 2016

My essay assesses how science and technology were depicted in American Cold War propaganda and suggests these themes were vital to the US propaganda strategy of the late 1950s. Focusing on the United States Information Agency and its radio organ the Voice of America, I examine the significant role played by the VOA, tracing a shift towards the exploitation of science and technology themes in the late 1950s, and briefly analyzes the content of the 1957 science-themed VOA series “New Frontiers of Knowledge.” Finally, some concluding remarks explore how science was used to advance the broad foreign policy strategy of the United States.
Urban Life in the Middle Ages 1000-1450
Authors: Heinbockel-Bolik Gina
Published: November 2016

Urban Life in the Middle Ages 1000-1450. By Keith Lilley. Houndsmill. NY: Palgrave, 2002. xvi, 295 pp.: maps, plates and tables. $75.00 (cloth).
Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation
Authors: Lambert Tonya
Published: November 2016

Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation. By Thomas W. Laqueur. New York: Zone Books, 2003. 501 pp. $34.00 (cloth).
Acute Kidney Injury in the Era of the AKI E-Alert
Authors: Holmes Jennifer , Rainer Timothy , Geen John , Roberts Gethin , May Kate , Wilson Nick , Williams John D. , Phillips Aled O. ,   on behalf of the Welsh AKI Steering Group
Published: October 2016

Background and objectives

Our aim was to use a national electronic AKI alert to define the incidence and outcome of all episodes of community– and hospital–acquired adult AKI.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

A prospective national cohort study was undertaken in a population of 3.06 million. Data were collected between March of 2015 and August of 2015. All patients with adult (≥18 years of age) AKI were identified to define the incidence and outcome of all episodes of community- and hospital-acquired AKI in adults. Mortality and renal outcomes were assessed at 90 days.

Results

There was a total of 31,601 alerts representing 17,689 incident episodes, giving an incidence of AKI of 577 per 100,000 population. Community-acquired AKI accounted for 49.3% of all incident episodes, and 42% occurred in the context of preexisting CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration eGFR); 90-day mortality rate was 25.6%, and 23.7% of episodes progressed to a higher AKI stage than the stage associated with the alert. AKI electronic alert stage and peak AKI stage were associated with mortality, and mortality was significantly higher for hospital-acquired AKI compared with alerts generated in a community setting. Among patients who survived to 90 days after the AKI electronic alert, those who were not hospitalized had a lower rate of renal recovery and a greater likelihood of developing an eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 for the first time, which may be indicative of development of de novo CKD.

Conclusions

The reported incidence of AKI is far greater than the previously reported incidence in studies reliant on clinical identification of adult AKI or hospital coding data. Although an electronic alert system is Information Technology driven and therefore, lacks intelligence and clinical context, these data can be used to identify deficiencies in care, guide the development of appropriate intervention strategies, and provide a baseline against which the effectiveness of these interventions may be measured.
The Christian Art of Being Governed
Authors: Gordon Colin
Published: November 2016

Like all previously published volumes of his lectures, the content of The Government of the Living defies brief summary. It shows us Foucault in 1980 mapping out a major new phase in his work in terms that complicate our existing understanding of his unfinished project. My review looks in turn at the two parts of the course: an unusually lengthy discussion of method and heuristics, followed by a tightly focused study of early Christian regimes of truth. I suggest that the complex opening theoretical reflections in these lectures go well beyond mapping the course of the immediately following historical analysis. They need to be seen in coordination with other conceptual innovations introduced over the following years, putting a task that Foucault calls here a “history of the power of truth” on his agenda alongside, and in integral connection with the previously defined tasks of a history of governmentality and a history of the subject. A newly published discussion in Berkeley later in 1980 adds crucial context to these Paris lectures, spelling out the linkage of structures of subjectivation to governability and of penitential ascetics to pastoral power. Taken together, the later books and lectures can now be seen to establish a framework of what I suggest we can call “alethic” or “aletheological” analysis, analysing and mapping across the span of Western history the modes of engagement of life and truth, with a view to enabling a renewed analysis of the political present.
Modern Living and Vital Race: Foucault and the Science of Life
Authors: Mader Mary Beth
Published: November 2016

The paper examines the relation between Foucault’s account of modern race and racism in the "Society Must Be Defended" lectures and his analysis of the emergence of the modern notion of life and its science in The Order of Things. In "Society Must Be Defended," Foucault uses the term ‘life’ both with respect to pre-modern and modern political regimes, arguing that in the pre-modern eras there was a particular relation of sovereign power to life and death that differs from the relation to life and death which prevails in the modern era. In The Order of Things, Foucault also discusses the concept of life and the historical emergence of the science of life, biology, in the nineteenth century. For Foucault, modern biological racism is a specifically scientific death sentence. The paper argues that the kind of death at issue in this modern racism must be understood in light of the new evolutionary accounts of life as a transorganismic continuity that emerge in the life sciences.
The War on Terror and Ontopolitics: Concerns with Foucault’s Account of Race, Power Sovereignty
Authors: Sheth Falguni A.
Published: November 2016

In this article, I explore several of Foucault’s claims in relation to race, biopolitics, and power in order to illuminate some concerns in the wake of the post-9.11.01 political regime of population management. First, what is the relationship between sovereignty and power? Foucault’s writings on the relation between sovereignty and power seem to differ across his writings, such that it is not clear whether he had definitively circumscribed the role of sovereignty in relation to “power.” Second, while central sovereign authority, at least in ”Society Must Be Defended” has been displaced by Foucault’s analysis of power, the question still remains as to what drives or instantiates the exercise of power. I lay out an account of what I will call “ontopolitics,” as one that foregrounds the role of sovereign authority in ascribing racial divisions. Moreover, these divisions are driven by cultural, social, and moral criteria that complement—or circumscribe—biopolitics—and are inscribed at the level of the ontological, or onto-ethical.
Study of 1st and 2nd order nonlinear optical( NLO ) properties of chalcone derivative 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(pyridin-3-yl) prop-2-en-1-one using quantum chemical techniques
Authors: Tiwari Ram Kumar , Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: November 2016

The chalcone derivative 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(pyridin-3-yl) prop-2-en-1-one has been investigated by quantum chemical calculations carried out using density functional theory. The nonlinear optical properties of the molecule are studied in the gas phase. The study shows that the molecule is transparent in the entire visible range. The effect of position of functional groups on the mobility of charges in push-pull type of structure has been discussed. Nonlinear properties of the molecule show that the molecule has a potential candidature for organic NLO material.
Zika virus- threat to human race
Authors: Awasthi D. K. , Chauhan Sarita
Published: November 2016

Zika virus was found in monkey of Zika forest of Uganda. Zika and Ebola viruses are fatal. Zika virus is spread through Aedes mosquitoes. The World Health Organization(WHO) has declared a public health emergency for Zika virus. Zika virus was first of all isolated in 1947. Fever and pain caused by Zika virus is cured by Acetaminophane medicine. Zika virus causes microcephali disease.
Nobel award winner laureates-year 2016
Authors: Srivastava Divyansh
Published: November 2016

The short description of Nobel award winner laureates and their contributions for the year 2016 in the areas of Medicine, Physics, Chemistry, Peace, Economics and Literature is given in the present article.
Bypass surgery for complex middle cerebral artery aneurysms: an algorithmic approach to revascularization
Authors: Tayebi Meybodi Ali , Huang Wendy , Benet Arnau , Kola Olivia , Lawton Michael T.
Published: November 2016

OBJECT

Management of complex aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) can be challenging. Lesions not amenable to endovascular techniques or direct clipping might require a bypass procedure with aneurysm obliteration. Various bypass techniques are available, but an algorithmic approach to classifying these lesions and determining the optimal bypass strategy has not been developed. The objective of this study was to propose a comprehensive and flexible algorithm based on MCA aneurysm location for selecting the best of multiple bypass options.

METHODS

Aneurysms of the MCA that required bypass as part of treatment were identified from a large prospectively maintained database of vascular neurosurgeries. According to its location relative to the bifurcation, each aneurysm was classified as a prebifurcation, bifurcation, or postbifurcation aneurysm.

RESULTS

Between 1998 and 2015, 30 patients were treated for 30 complex MCA aneurysms in 8 (27%) prebifurcation, 5 (17%) bifurcation, and 17 (56%) postbifurcation locations. Bypasses included 8 superficial temporal artery–MCA bypasses, 4 high-flow extracranial-to-intracranial (EC-IC) bypasses, 13 IC-IC bypasses (6 reanastomoses, 3 reimplantations, 3 interpositional grafts, and 1 in situ bypass), and 5 combination bypasses. The bypass strategy for prebifurcation aneurysms was determined by the involvement of lenticulostriate arteries, whereas the bypass strategy for bifurcation aneurysms was determined by rupture status. The location of the MCA aneurysm in the candelabra (Sylvian, insular, or opercular) determined the bypass strategy for postbifurcation aneurysms. No deaths that resulted from surgery were found, bypass patency was 90%, and the condition of 90% of the patients was improved or unchanged at the most recent follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

The bypass strategy used for an MCA aneurysm depends on the aneurysm location, lenticulostriate anatomy, and rupture status. A uniform bypass strategy for all MCA aneurysms does not exist, but the algorithm proposed here might guide selection of the optimal EC-IC or IC-IC bypass technique.
Tobacco smoking among school adolescents in Northern Sabah
Authors: - Swe , Myint Than , Yee Mon Mon
Published: November 2016

Tobacco smoking in adolescent age group has become a major public health concern as it is one of the major risk factors for non-communicable diseases leading to burden of adverse health effects in their later life. Those who start smoking tobacco at an early age are more likely to develop nicotine addiction and continue smoking throughout their adulthood. The general objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco smoking, their initiation and perception towards tobacco smoking among school adolescents in Kudat District, Sabah State, Malaysia. It was a school based cross sectional descriptive study which employed a two-staged stratified random sampling method and used self-administered structured questionnaire for data collection. A total of 257 students aged between 15 to 19 years old from two upper secondary schools participated in the study. This study revealed that (26.6%) were ever smokers and (8.6%) were current smokers. The earliest age of started smoking was 7 years old and 9 years old among male and female ever smokers respectively. Majority of the respondents perceived that smoking was a bad habit which would cause environmental pollution and harmful effects on health. The most common reasons to start smoking among ever smokers were peer pressures, curiosity and experimenting and to relieve the feeling of pressured and stress. Among the current smokers, 86.4%had ever attempted to quit smoking but they failed to stop smoking because they thought smoking could give feeling pleasure (50%), relieve their anxiety or craving (27.3%) and because of peer pressures (22.7%). The findings suggested that although tobacco smoking prevalence among school adolescents in Kudat was comparatively lower than that of national prevalence reported by GYTS, there is still need for early interventions with holistic approach to prevent them from initiation and to help them for cessation of tobacco smoking.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2016, 2(3): 389-395
Investigation of health condition of small indigenous species Channa punctatus from Sherpur and Mymensingh areas
Authors: Ahmed Gias Uddin , Khatun Sahara , Rahman Md Mamunur
Published: November 2016

Investigation on the health condition of small indigenous fish, Channa punctatus was carried out through clinical and histological observation from Jailka beel of Sherpur sadar, Sherpur district and Kailla beel of Ishargonj upazila, Mymensingh district for a period of six months from October 2014 to March 2015. Water quality parameters like water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, total hardness, alkalinity and nitrate were recorded. Water temperature and total hardness were found at unfavorable level for fish in December and January. Clinical examinations of the fish were also carried out for any kind of abnormalities at monthly intervals. Clinically, it was observed that fish was affected with numerous red spots and patches in lateral and ventral regions, large deep whitish ulcers reached up to deep ulcers especially in December and January in both the beels. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were collected and processed for histological observations. Major pathology in the skin and muscle were epidermis separated from dermis, presence of fungal granuloma, vacuums, hemorrhage and necrosis. Loss of primary and secondary gill lamellae, hypertrophy and primary gill lamellae separated, necrosis and hemorrhage were found in the gill. Large vacuums, necrosis and hemorrhage were observed in liver and kidney. Among the affected fish organs, skin and muscle, gills were found to be more affected than those of the internal organs like liver and kidney. Overall, under the clinical and histopathological observations the fish were found to be more affected in December and January. Whereas, in the months of February and March, the pathological condition of fish gradually healed up to normal except few vacuums and hemorrhage. Under histopathological observations, fish of Jailka beel were more affected than the fish of Kailla beel. In clinical and histopathological observation C. punctatus was more affected due to EUS.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2016, 2(3): 464-470
Strategic Decision-Making and Social Skills: Integrating Behavioral Economics and Social Cognition Research
Authors: Leder Johannes , Schilbach Leonhard , Mojzisch Andreas
Published: November 2016

Strategic decisions are affected by beliefs about the expectations of others and their possible decisions. Thus, strategic decisions are influenced by the social context and by beliefs about other actors’ levels of sophistication. The present study investigated whether strategic decision-making, as measured by the beauty contest game, is associated with social skills, as measured by the Autism Quotient (AQ). In line with our hypothesis, we found that social skills were positively related to successful strategic decision-making. Furthermore, results showed a curvilinear relationship between steps of reasoning in the beauty contest game and social skills, indicating that very high as well as very low scoring individuals on the social skills subscale of the AQ engaged in high-levels of strategic thinking.
Correction: Stewart, E.R.; Thompson, G.R. Treatment of Primary Pulmonary Aspergillosis: An Assessment of the Evidence. J. Fungi 2016, 2, 25.
Authors: Stewart Ethan , Thompson George
Published: November 2016

The authors of the published paper [1] would like to correct Table 1.[...]
L’épreuve de la tolérance
Authors: M.Scanlon Thomas , Spitz Jean-Fabien
Published: November 2016

Résumé « L’Épreuve de la tolérance » porte non seulement sur la liberté d’expression, mais aussi sur d’autres formes d’activités qui affectent la nature de la société en influençant les croyances et les actions d’autrui. L’article développe en particulier l’idée d’une « politique informelle », et son objet principal est le coût engendré par certains droits généralement reconnus, mais dont le caractère indéfini pose problème. Accepter la possibilité que la société puisse être modifiée par les activités de certaines personnes et de certains groupes dont on ne partage pas les valeurs comporte en effet certains risques. Je défends l’idée selon laquelle l’acceptation de ces risques est la contrepartie du fait de reconnaître ses concitoyens comme des membres égaux de la société, habilités à jouer un rôle dans l’évolution de cette société.
Professionnels : mieux comprendre pour mieux servir
Authors: Paré-Julien Denise
Published: November 2016

Les entreprises familiales sont épaulées par une multitude de professionnels de tous les horizons. Pourtant, leurs défis sont exacerbés par la dimension familiale de leur organisation. Comment les professionnels peuvent-ils intégrer cet aspect pour mieux les aider ?
Gérez vos projets de A à Z grâce aux cartes mentales
Authors: Delengaigne Xavier
Published: November 2016

Comment gérez-vous les projets de votre entreprise ? Avec un peu de chance, vous disposez de méthodes détaillées et de logiciels onéreux pour les mener à bien, mais vous vous sentez sans doute un peu démuni malgré tout. Heureusement, la cartographie mentale (ou mind mapping ) va vous aider à réussir vos projets dans les délais impartis.
Clinique identitaire de la radicalisation idéologique et Djihad dans les organisations incestueuses et incestuelles
Authors: Benghozi Pierre
Published: November 2016

L’auteur envisage une clinique des idéologies et des processus de radicalisation identitaire dans la perspective psychanalytique du maillage, démaillage et remaillage des liens. Il distingue les processus d’idéologisation en différenciant l’idéologie de l’idéologisme. L’idéologie est présentée comme un métacontenant métaorganisateur de l’appartenance identitaire. Dans l’idéologisme, s’impose l’emprise de la toute-puissance de l’idée comme croyance d’absolu. À l’Idéal du Moi groupal se substitue un Moi-Idéal groupal cruel. Il décrit les idéologisations caractéristiques des organisations groupales incestuelles et incestueuses avec des isomorphies et des homomorphies analogiques formelles, fonctionnelles et cliniques entre organisation/maillage des liens/forme du contenant généalogique/modélisation de l’appareil psychique groupal et des mécanismes de défense/Image du Corps psychique groupal/génogramme narratif/spatiogramme narratif. On les retrouve dans les familles incestueuses, les institutions incestueuses, les sectes, les organisations maffieuses, les états et les organisations totalitaires et plus insidieusement dans les organisations et les familles incestuelles. La clinique identitaire de la radicalisation idéologique djihadiste est analysée comme le maillage d’un pacte affiliatif radical à une organisation totalitaire.
Impasses ideologiques et therapies familiales
Authors: Taliana Nicole
Published: November 2016

Lorsque dans notre pratique de thérapeutes familiaux, nous rencontrons un couple ou un groupe familial en prise avec une idéologie (en tout cas que nous percevons comme tel) et que ce groupe incarne cette idéologie, en est pétri dans ses rapports les plus intimes, comment le dispositif de thérapie tel que nous l’avons pensé peut-il accueillir, contenir et traiter les effets et manifestations de cette idéologie dans les liens familiaux ? Comment cette idéologie peut-elle être un « contenant du négatif » familial et transgénérationnel donnant (paradoxalement) forme et enveloppe à une désorganisation des liens ? Comment vient-elle rencontrer l’idéologie des thérapeutes familiaux et celle de l’institution dans laquelle ils exercent et dont ils sont parties constituantes ? Comment « faire avec » en tenant compte de sa temporalité, se décaler, accompagner le groupe familial dans une perspective d’individuation non traumatique ? C’est par la présentation d’une vignette clinique composée de trois entretiens préliminaires de thérapie familiale que nous tenterons de poser les bases d’une réflexion clinique et thérapeutique des liens familiaux en souffrance sous le sceau d’une idéologie.
Groupes analytiques et Idéologies
Authors: Bass Henri-Pierre
Published: November 2016

Les liens des idéologies et des groupes ont de tout temps suscité de nombreuses recherches et réflexions dans le champ de la sociologie, de l’anthropologie, de la politique et dans l’espace analytique individuel. L’approche psychanalytique groupale n’y échappe point. On ne peut consacrer un numéro concernant la clinique groupale en lien avec les idéologies en faisant l’impasse de celles-ci et de leurs dérives, telles qu’elles se sont déroulées au Brésil en 1973 sous un régime de dictature, car elles permettent de nous interroger sur les mouvements institutionnels et leurs fourvoiements, qui ont traversé la communauté analytique en Amérique latine, mais aussi à l’international, pour y tenter d’en comprendre les enjeux afin d’en éviter les répétitions.