bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN RESILIENSI MATEMATIS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH MATEMATIKA DASAR
Authors: Fatimah Ade Evi , Purba Azrina
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship and the extent of influence between mathematical resilience and students' mathematical problem-solving abilities in basic mathematics courses. This research is motivated by the perception of students who tend to be negative towards mathematics as well as an attitude of lack of confidence and easily give up in solving the given questions. In addition, students' mathematical solving abilities are also classified as low, even though this ability is very important because it is the basis and general goal of learning mathematics. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive method. The population in this study were all Semester I students of the Computer and Informatics Engineering study program at STKIP AL Maksum Langkat which consisted of 5 classes and took basic mathematics courses, while the research sample was taken using purposive sampling technique, which is a technique of determining and taking the specified sample. by researchers with certain considerations. The sample consisted of 35 students. The instruments in this study were test questions in the form of mathematical problem-solving abilities and non-test questions in the form of a mathematical resilience scale. Then the data is processed using hypothesis testing techniques, correlation analysis and simple regression assisted by SPSS and Microsoft Excel. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between mathematical resilience and students 'mathematical problem-solving abilities with the effect of mathematical resilience by 41.3% on students' mathematical problem-solving abilities.
Multidimensional Information Encryption and Storage: When the Input Is Light
Authors: Liu Senyang , Liu Xiaohu , Yuan Jinying , Bao Jie
Published: January 2021

The issue of information security is closely related to every aspect of daily life. For pursuing a higher level of security, much effort has been continuously invested in the development of information security technologies based on encryption and storage. Current approaches using single-dimension information can be easily cracked and imitated due to the lack of sufficient security. Multidimensional information encryption and storage are an effective way to increase the security level and can protect it from counterfeiting and illegal decryption. Since light has rich dimensions (wavelength, duration, phase, polarization, depth, and power) and synergy between different dimensions, light as the input is one of the promising candidates for improving the level of information security. In this review, based on six different dimensional features of the input light, we mainly summarize the implementation methods of multidimensional information encryption and storage including material preparation and response mechanisms. In addition, the challenges and future prospects of these information security systems are discussed.
Феномен довіри громадян до професійної діяльності публічних службовців
Authors: Kisilova T. O.
Published: January 2021

Розглянуто феномен довіри громадян до професійної діяльності публічних службовців та визначено її місце в оцінюванні результатів цієї діяльності. Досліджено природу поняття “довіра”. За допомогою кругів Ейлера унаочнено, як категорії “довіра”, “органи публічної влади”, “професійна діяльність”, “моніторинг та оцінювання” формують нові види довіри. Запропоновано класифікацію рівнів довіри до професійної діяльності публічних службовців. Сформовано концептуальні складові оцінювання результатів професійної діяльності публічних службовців.
Конвенціональність як принцип формування єдиного соціально-управлінського простору поліетнічних територіальних громад
Authors: Popov M. P.  , Mustafaieva E. T.
Published: January 2021

Обґрунтовано конвенційну модель об’єднаної територіальної громади в умовах поліетнічності. Розглянуто підходи до визначення конвенціональної взаємодії, об’єкти конвенційності та її предмет, типи та форми соціальних конвенцій. Дослідженні механізми запровадження конвенційної стратегії розвитку територіальних громад в умовах поліетнічності. Спираючись на положення Конституції України, законів України, норми міжнародного права з питань міжнаціональних відносин, визначено принципові підходи до врахування в процесі об’єднання територіальних громад, в цілому адміністративно-територіальної реформи, особливостей, обумовлених компактним розселенням національних меншин, що є наслідком сприйняття конвенційної парадигми.
Сталий розвиток: етапи становлення, сутність поняття, основні вектори та інтерфейси
Authors: Kuspliak G. I.  , Kuspliak І. S.
Published: January 2021

Узагальнено теоретичні напрацювання з дослідження термінології сталого розвитку. Охарактеризовано етапи еволюції концепції «сталого розвитку» та схематично проілюстровано перехід від еко-розвитку до сталого розвитку. Досліджено праці зарубіжних та вітчизняних вчених щодо сутності поняття «сталий розвиток» та надано узагальнене визначення. Встановлено взаємозв’язки сталого розвитку через основні вектори (економічний, екологічний, соціальний) та інтерфейси («придатний до життя», «життєздатний», «справедливий»).
Тенденції та закономірності реформування механізмів впливу держави на трудові відносини в Україні
Authors: Amosov S. O.
Published: January 2021

Проаналізовано сучасний стан вітчизняного державного регулювання у сфері трудових відносин та його механізми. Узагальнено науково-теоретичні підходи до визначення сутності трудових відносин, установлено причини, що актуалізують необхідність їх вивчення в сучасних соціально-економічних умовах розвитку суспільства. Виявлено їх недоліки та тенденції розвитку. Обґрунтовано засоби вдосконалення фінансово- та організаційно-економічних складових механізмів державного регулювання трудових відносин. Окреслено напрями розвитку державного регулювання у сфері трудових відносин.
Реформування медичної галузі: досвід для України
Authors: Ladonko L. S.  , Mykhailovska O. V.  , Mykhailovska A. I.  , Zapata-Buide А.
Published: January 2021

У статті розглянуто процес реформування системи охорони здоров’я в Україні, виділено основні недоліки старої системи та переваги нової, що впроваджується в нашій державі, а також необхідні умови підвищення ефективності управління у даній сфері. Охарактеризовано діяльність центрального органу виконавчої влади, який реалізує основні принципи медичної реформи. Описано ключові ролі та цілі основних елементів в системі охорони здоров’я Україні. Наведено результати опутування щодо якості медичних послуг в Україні, які засвідчують існування масштабних змін у даній галузі, що зрушили з місця давно не ефективну систему, але, на жаль, досі не забезпечили стійких позитивних результатів. На думку авторів, зазначене пояснюється як нехваткою часу, так і недостатньо ефективною взаємодією в національній системі «лікар-пацієнт». Наголошено, що Україна в рейтингу смертності знаходиться на першому місці серед колишніх радянських республік саме від тих смертей, які можна попередити. Наведено основні умови впливу на дану негативну тенденцію. Як приклад ефективного управління системою охорони здоров’я держави наведено іспанський досвід, оскільки середня тривалість життя в Іспанії у 2019 р. (за рейтингом Bloomberg Healthiest Country) була найвищою у світі. Наголошено, що система охорони здоров'я будь-якої країни повинна відповідати певним універсальним критеріям і враховувати особливості стану здоров'я населення, його захворюваність. Описано основні фактори, що вплинули на показники ефективності іспанської системи охорони здоров’я у процесі її реформування. З’ясовано, що існує певна схожість між системами охорони здоров’я Іспанії та України, але різниця у задоволенні населення даною системою суттєво відрізняється. Запропоновано спрямувати зусилля у даній сфері на досягнення рівня Іспанії. Відзначено, що воно, у більшості випадків, формується у процесі взаємодії на первинній ланці.
Система вищої освіти України: результати державного управління в контексті експертної оцінки британської агенції Quacquarelli Symonds
Authors: Moroz V. M.  , Moroz S. A.
Published: January 2021

У статті приведено аналіз рейтингу «QS Higher Education System Strength Rankings» щодо результативності функціонування системи вищої освіти України, а також їх співвіднесення з часом виконання службових обов’язків тим чи іншим керівником Міністерства освіти і науки України, дозволило сформулювати припущення, з одного боку, про відсутність зв’язку між динамікою розвитку системи вищої освіти України та персоналією керівників окремих з органів державної влади, а з іншого – про факт поступового відставання України від інших країн світу у підвищенні динаміки розвитку системи вищої освіти. Аналіз рейтингу результативності функціонування систем вищої освіти дозволив конкретизувати проблему розвитку вітчизняної системи, а також запропонувати напрями їх вирішення державою.
Здійснення е-урядування у публічному просторі
Authors: Lukin S. Yu.
Published: January 2021

Статтю присвячено вивченню публічного простору та розвитку е-урядування. Здійснено аналіз впровадження державних програм розвитку е-урядування. Визначено, що для створення ефективного публічного простору та розвитку е-урядування важливою складовою залишається його безпека (недопущення урядами поширення приватної інформації про громадян, захист їхніх персональних даних, легкість і доступність інформаційного суспільства, формування цифрової грамотності та багато інших аспектів). Описано механізм здійснення аналізу е-урядування за такими ключовими показниками: організаційний потенціал та технічна інфраструктура; інформаційна наповненість офіційних вебсайтів; використання інструментів електронної участі; доступ до публічної інформації у формі відкритих даних; доступ до адміністративних послуг в електронній формі; впровадження систем електронного документообігу. В публічному просторі, в якому на високому рівні розвивається е-урядування, ключовими залишаються питання демократичних принципів, де у населення різних вікових груп є можливість доступу до відкритих даних та ведення ефективного діалогу між населенням, владою та бізнесом, а прийняті рішення представників місцевих органів влади, які пов’язані із добробутом та безпекою населення, повинні бути відкритими та прозорими.
Sabar Dalam Al-Qur'an
Authors: Ulum Khoirul , Roziqin Ahmad Khoirur
Published: January 2021

Selama empat belas abad ini, khazanah intelektual Islam telah diperkaya dengan berbagai macam perspektif dan pendekatan dalam menafsirkan al-Quran. Di antaranya adalah dengan menggunakan metode tematik. Metode tafsir tematik adalah menetapkan topik atau masalah yang akan dibahas kemudian menghimpun ayat-ayat yang mempunyai pengertian yang sama dengan topik dan dilengkapi dengan hadis-hadis yang relevan dengan pokok bahasan dan yang perlu dicatat topik yang dibahas diusahakan pada persoalan yang langsung menyentuh kepentingan msyarakat agar Al-Qur’an sebagai petunjuk hidup dapat memberi jawaban terhadap problem masyarakat itu.

Secara bahasa “صَبَرَ” dapat berarti tabah hati, manahan, menanggung, mencegah, sedangkan secara istilah sabar dapat berarti mencegah dalam kesempitan, memlihara diri dari kehendak akal dan syara’ dan dari hal yang menuntut untuk memeliharanya.

Adapun term-term lain yang identik dengan “صَبْر” Sabar adalah Iffah (عِفَّة), Hilm (حِلْم), Qana’ah (قَنَعَةُ), dan Zuhud.Terkait sabar dalam al Qur’an, ditemukan beberpa konsep bahwa sabar dalam beberapa hal, yaitu; sabar dalam ketaatan, sabar dalam menghadapi kemaksiatan, sabar dalam mengingat perbuatan dosa dan sabar dalam meghadapi kesulitan.
Potret Penguburan Janazah Dalam Islam Merupakan Bentuk Kepedulian Sosial Dunia-Akhirat
Authors: Baihaki Imam
Published: January 2021

Sikap saling tolong menolong, dan saling peduli menjadi salah satu cirri khas dalam budaya Islam, kepedulian sosial dalam Islam bukan sekedar slogan, melainkan menjadi dasar keimanan. Berkaitan dengan hubungan sosial Allah mengingat hubungan ini dengan perintah merealisasi ukhuwah, kecintaan, kasih sayang, saling menghormati, tolong menolong, saling mempersatukan, solidaritas, bahkan sampai kepada tingkat itsar (mendahulukan orang lain) dalam masalah kehidupan. Dalam hal ini dalam Al-qur`an memerintahkan untuk tolong menolong dalam aksi kepedulian sosial, lebih lebh jika keluarga kita membutuhkan pertolongan untuk dibantu. Terlebih jika sanak saudara kita meninggal, mereka membutuhkan pertolongan kita yang sangat tinggi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam potret penguburan jenazah dari berbagai tempat banyak yang menimbulkan persoalan, tradisi penguburan jenazah sering kali menjadi pembicaraan dikalangan masyarakat. Sehingga penelitian pustaka ini sedikit memberi ulasan tentang bagaimana tradisi penguburan jenazah dalam Islam yang merujuk kepada Al`Quran dan Hadist.
Plurarisme Beragama Dalam Perspektif Hadist
Authors: Nengsih Novia
Published: January 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis larangan dan kebolehan  pengucapan selamat natal kepada umat kristiani melalui perspektif hadis dan pendapat para ulama. Ulama yang melarang pengucapan selamat natal karena memahami pengucapan selamat natal merupakan bagian dari tasyabuh. Ulama yang membolehkan pengucapan natal karena  berargumentasi bahwa pengucapan selamat natal merupakan toleransi dalam pluralisme beragama dan tidak menganggap pengucapan natal itu bagian dari tasyabuh. Hasil analisis ini mengungkapkan bahwa mengucapkan selamat natal boleh karena tidak ada satu hadispun yang melarangnya secara langsung dan hal itu bukan merupakan tasyabuh, tetapi hanya bentuk toleransi dalam pluralisme beragama, serta orang non muslim yang tinggal di Indonesia tergolong kafir zimmi yang perlu dilindungi bukan kafir harbi.
Análisis del discurso de resistencia feminista frente la violencia patriarcal: el estallido social en Chile
Authors:   Universidad Católica Silva Henríquez, Cárdenas Javiera , Ceballos López Paula
Published: January 2021

En los últimos años, la violencia hacia las mujeres se ha mantenido como tema constante de denuncia. Por ello, distintas agrupaciones y colectivos feministas buscan reafirmar su posición como mujeres que resisten ante el patriarcado. El presente trabajo analiza, desde la perspectiva del Análisis Crítico del Discurso (ACD), un corpus compuesto por cinco declaraciones emitidas por cuatro colectivos feministas chilenos, dos previas y tres posteriores al estallido social, con énfasis en la identificación de violencia hacia la mujer en cualquiera de sus formas. Para lograr el objetivo, en el marco de los estudios críticos del discurso, se seleccionaron aquellos episodios que presentan este tópico y se aplicaron dos estrategias de análisis: temática y descripción de los actores. Dentro de los principales resultados, se destacan la violencia de manera física y sexual, el rol protector del estado no cumplido y la violencia sistemática. Respecto a los roles opresor-oprimida como consecuencia del sistema patriarcal, se observan cuatro ámbitos: espacio compartido, género como opresión, universalización masculina y diferencias sociales según el rol atribuido al género.
ECONOMIC GROWTH «GREEN» FINANCING: CONCEPTS AND PROBLEMS
Authors: LAZARASHVILI TEA
Published: January 2021

Environmental pollution, exhausting natural resources and effects of climate change are causing economic stresses and therefore require significant financial expenses. Environmentally sustainable growth funding requires a significant
amount of investment. First of all, we are talking about «green» financing of global projects. The main factor in the development of green economy is the green financing that can prevent social, economic and ecological changes caused by the sharp expansion of the global population and the catastrophic exhaustion of natural
resources and their negative consequences. The financial sector, with active support of the state, can provide global sustainable development and qualitative changes in such conditions. In the format of the United Nations Conference in 2012, most of the global agreements on the «green» economy were taken at the global level. It is noteworthy that the uniform definition of «green» economics has not yet been established.
Mainly under the green economy, economic activity is meant, which improves human wells, ensures social justice and significantly reduces the risks to the environment and nature.
TO IMPROVE THE ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE BUSINESS IN GEORGIAN ENTERPRISES
Authors: CHILADZE IZOLDA
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this paper is to improve the analysis of the financial stability of enterprises and to identify the key factors affecting the establishment of the sustainable growth trend of enterprises (except the financial sector) in Georgia. Answering the question: what financial challenges do enterprises in Georgia face today and be designed consequently, recommendations for strengthening the financial stability of enterprises should be developed in Georgia, increasing solvency and mitigating bankruptcy risks? The necessity for the financial stability of enterprises is becoming increasingly important both for sustainable business growth and for the stability of the international financial market.The subject of the study is the financial positions and financial results of the analytical enterprises. The first and second categories of joint-stock companies of Georgia and limited liability companies were selected as the research objects. Ten enterprises in total. The research methodology includes methods of economic and statistical analysis, factor analysis, vertical, horizontal, proportional and ratio analysis.In order to improve financial management and control, the paper presents multi-factor models of several indicators created by the author. These are: the tree-factor model the coefficient of the organic structure of capital, an eight-factor model of profitability and a six-factor model of the Financial leverage. The paper conducts practical research on the example of ten Georgian companies and concludes that the main challenges in today›s Georgia are the dangers of losing financial stability and bankruptcy. The reason for such a tense financial situation is not a «Corona-19». According to the author, the main reasons for the instability of enterprises in Georgia are: The Irresponsibility of business owners and management, low management professionalism and hidden flows of cash resources.
GEORGIA ELECTRICITY BALANCE DURING THE YEARS OF STATE INDEPENDENCE (1989-2019)
Authors: NARMANIA DAVID , CHOMAKHIDZE DEMUR
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes the electricity balance of Georgia during the 30 years of independence (1989-2019). It is said to be in deficit throughout this period except 2010. The deficit was caused by the fact that during the analysis period all the components of the balance deteriorated, primarily electricity production. The latter was at a record low in 2005, when the annual deficit exceeded 1.2 billion kWh. The excess of electricity in the balance was conditioned by the record output in the HPPs as well. It is noteworthy that in recent years, electricity consumption is growing much faster than production. Due to this, in 2019 the maximum amount of deficit was almost 1.4 billion kWh. The paper sets out ideas for improving the situation.
ILIA CHAVCHAVADZE ABOUT EXTERNAL TRADE AND MODERNITY
Authors: MTCHEDLISVILI ZURABI
Published: January 2021

The works of Ilia Chavchavadze - a prominent Georgian public figure of the nineteenth century and one of the founders of the Georgian National Economic Doctrine - are still relevant. His name grows stronger and stronger over time. Even in modern Georgia, Ilia Chavchavadze›s name is the most often used to prove the validity of one›s own opinion.The article discusses Ilia Chavchavadze›s views on international trade and trade policy and draws parallels with modernity. He researched the essence, causes, directions, and consequences of international trade and trade policy, and in 1887 he devoted a collection of articles entitled «Customs policy in Europe, free-trading and protection». He explained why countries start trading, that international trade is very important and without it there can be no economic specialization - the international division of labor. In his research, Ilia Chavchavadze depthly discussed the directions of trade policy - liberal and protectionist. He discussed the arguments of the both directions proponents on the advantages of strengthening the country and the economy. Ilia Chavchavadze supported Liberal Trade Policy, because he believed that the main goal of any economic policy should be to maximize the well-being of society. Ilia Chavchavadze has raised another very important issue in this research. He pointed out at the end of the nineteenth century that economic policy is not always based on economic rationalism, economic science, and that economic policy makers might have completely different motivations. Ilia Chavchavadze believed that for the development of the country it was necessary to establish and deepen international - including trade and economic relations. According to Ilia, the start of the country›s international economic relations requires great care and attention, it is very important to choose reliable, trustworthy partners. In 2006, Georgia experienced the negative consequences of a relationship with an unreliable trading (and not just a trading) partner. Russia banned the import of Georgian wines on March 27, 2006, and also banned the import of Georgian mineral waters in May. The ban has had a very negative impact on Georgian exports, as well as on viticulture and winemaking. Finally, it can be said that Ilia Chavchavadze was well versed in the essence and directions of trade policy; He was well aware that it was very important for the country to choose a logical, rational economic policy for its economic strengthening; He discussed in detail the characteristics of both directions, protectionist and freetherical, the pros and cons, the consequences of their possible impact on the economy and public welfare. With well-founded reasoning and argumentation, he supported liberal trade policy based on the principle of the well-being of society.
THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL TREATY OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA AND ITS ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Authors: TAVARTKILADZE SIMON
Published: January 2021

The first international treaty of the Democratic Republic of Georgia was concluded two days after Georgia›s declaration of independence on May 28, 1918.Under this agreement, Georgia received a kind of «guarantee of favor» from the German Empire that it would protect the international recognition of the newly established Democratic Republic of Georgia. Declaring independence for the country is an important but still not sufficient event. Given the difficult economic and social background, the government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia had to prove that the country could maintain and strengthen its independence. The “Poti agreement” was not the only first international treaty of the Democratic Republic of Georgia, but also the determination of the content of all further international actions. As far as Germany was presented as a party, it was significant for other countries as well, thus practically obligatory for the allied countries of Germany. The existence of the treaty of Georgia was crucial and the establishment of independence, de facto and de jure recognition of the country was considerable for other countries. It is also quite clear that Germany was driven not only by political but also by economic interests in Georgia. But according to overall perception, these interests did not infringe Georgia›s sovereignty and were not inconsistent with its national aspirations; Germany considered Georgia not as a satellite but as a partner with whom the cooperation was based on principles acceptable for both countries. However, given the substance of the treaty, German stated obvious attraction and strong support towards small and weak country Georgia. Especially in problem solving and overcoming crisis in economic, industrial, trade, transport, mining, budget-finance, food provision, etc. Thus, supported definition and establishment of geo-political and geo-economic space of the country.
Slavoj Z?iz?ek. Pandemic! 2: Chronicles of a Lost Time. OR Books, 2020.
Authors: Ali Shehzad
Published: January 2021

As a sequel to the previous book on Covid-19, philosopher Slavoj Žižek has published another more comprehensive and insightful work. Capturing the imagination of academic philosophers and critical thinkers it is a prolific inquiry into the eventful time and crisis of Covid-19.
Predicting Decision Propagation in Complex Sociotechnical System
Authors: Hassannezhad Mohammad , Cassidy Steve , Clarkson P. John
Published: January 2021

This
paper presents the development of a new computational model, called
Decision Propagation Method, aiming to direct organizational decisions towards
the most efficient set of sociotechnical interventions through predicting the
risk of concurrent decision propagations.
Tratamento alternativo para dentes traumatizados com reabsorção radicular inflamatória: 4 anos de acompanhamento
Authors: Bacelar Ludmilla Macedo , Cerqueira Joana Dourado Martins , Albuquerque Maria Tereza Pedrosa de , Carvalho Erica dos Santos
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Este relato descreve o tratamento de um incisivo central superior previamente traumatizado, afetado pela reabsorção radicular inflamatória interna / externa. Método: Trata-se do relato de caso de um paciente com 12 anos de idade que relatou um trauma de queda um ano antes da consulta, causando fratura da coroa e luxação intrusiva no incisivo central superior direito. Os exames clínicos verificaram sensibilidade à percussão e descoloração da coroa. Radiograficamente, as áreas radiolúcidas sugeriram reabsorção radicular inflamatória (no terço da raiz cervical) e lesão periapical. Resultados: O tratamento endodôntico foi realizado, com uma pasta de hidróxido de cálcio com paramonoclorofenol canforado inserida no canal radicular por 2 meses. Quando uma barreira calcificada na área apical foi observada radiograficamente, toda a raiz foi obturada com agregado de trióxido mineral (MTA). O dente foi acompanhado por 4 anos, mostrando regressão dos sintomas, cicatrização por reabsorção e também aumento no comprimento radicular. Conclusão: O presente caso mostrou que o tratamento endodôntico associado ao MTA promoveu a remodelação óssea da área periapical e paralisou a reabsorção.
Cordomas del clivus. Consideraciones del tratamiento quirúrgico endoscópico
Authors: López Arbolay Omar , Ortiz Machín Marlon , Coronado Rosales Alejandro Enrique , Cruz Pérez Peggys O
Published: January 2021

Introducción: Los cordomas del clivus son neoplasias de lento crecimiento, originadas de restos de la notocorda, que invaden el hueso y tienen alto índice de recurrencia. Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento de esta entidad en nuestro centro en cuanto a los aspectos clínicos, radiológicos, terapéuticos y evolutivos. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en el período comprendido entre enero de 2010 a diciembre de 2015. La muestra fue de 10 pacientes, 6 masculinos y 4 femeninos, con una edad promedio de 55 años. Se realizó en todos los casos un abordaje endonasal endoscópico extendido al clivus, seguido de radioterapia de intensidad modulada (IMRT) hipofraccionada o 3D conformada Resultados: Las alteraciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron: la cefalea y la diplopía. Predominaron los cordomas clásicos al final de la sexta década de vida y en el sexo masculino. Se logró una resección completa de la lesión en el 80% de los casos y un control de la enfermedad a los 4 años en el 90%. Existieron aceptables complicaciones y un fallecido que presentó fístula del líquido cefalorraquídeo y meningitis. Conclusiones: El abordaje endonasal endoscópico extendido al clivus constituye una opción quirúrgica excelente y prometedora, lográndose una resección quirúrgica radical de la lesión con aceptables complicaciones.
Resolución espontánea de un hematoma epidural traumático en 17 horas de evolución en un niño de 9 años - reporte de caso
Authors: Muñoz-Suárez Diego , Moreno-García Santiago
Published: January 2021

Los hematomas epidurales hacen parte del espectro de las emergencias neuroquirúrgicas más importantes en el servicio de urgencias, las cuales pueden tener consecuencias y secuelas neurológicas importantes en los pacientes. Se consideran que son de manejo quirúrgico, aunque dependiendo de ciertos factores como el estado neurológico del paciente, el volumen de la colección, el grosor del hematoma y la desviación de la línea media pueden ser manejados médicamente. En la literatura han sido reportados menos de 20 casos, los cuales han resuelto de forma espontánea en el transcurso de 24 horas posterior al evento. Reporte de Caso: Se presenta el caso de paciente con un hematoma epidural traumático que resolvió espontáneamente en el curso de 17 horas de evolución sin secuelas. Conclusión: La resolución espontánea de los hematomas epidurales es en sí, un proceso de redistribución de la colección hacia otros compartimentos (espacio subgaleal, díploe craneana o granulaciones aracnoideas), principalmente a través de fracturas de la bóveda craneana, como se expone en nuestro caso y lo corrobora la literatura revisada.
Lipoma of the callosum corpus: A case report and literature review
Authors: Charry José D. , Calle-Toro Juan S. , Serrano Sebastián , Areiza Juan D. , Gutiérrez David R. , Caquimbo Laura D. , Solano Juan P.
Published: January 2021

Introducción: El lipoma intracraneal es una malformación congénita muy rara, que representa menos del 0,1% de los tu­mores intracraneales; son causadas por la persistencia anormal de un foco de meninges primitivas, que de una forma poco clara hasta el momento, se induce a diferenciarse en adipocitos. Presentación del caso: Este artículo reporta el caso de una mujer de 27 años que consultó al servicio de urgencias de un Hospital Universitario de Colombia por clínica de cefalea de larga evolución asociada a un episodio tónico clónico generalizado. En la exploración neurológica no presento signos de focalización o alteraciones, la tomografía computarizada (TC) evidenció una lesión hipodensa en la región interhemisférica, sospechando lipoma del cuerpo calloso (CC), que fue confirmado por espectroscopia de resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN). Teniendo en cuenta la ubicación de la lesión y posible patología, se inició tratamiento médico, se observó que la paciente permaneció estable durante los 6 meses de control. A continuación se realiza, la revisión de la literatura sobre Lipoma del cuerpo calloso. Conclusiones: El lipoma del cuerpo calloso es una enfermedad benigna rara, cuyo manejo quirúrgico es infrecuente y el control farmacológico es favorable, como se describe en este caso de una mujer de 27 años diagnosticada con esta patología.
Utilidad del análisis de flujo por videoangiografía icg (flow 800) en neurocirugía vascular. Nota técnica
Authors: Cuevas Seguel José Luis , Carmona Rammsy Pablo , Abarca Carrasco Benjamín
Published: January 2021

Introducción: La videoangiografía con indocianina verde (ICG) es una herramienta que ha tenido gran impacto neurocirugía vascular. La integración de un nuevo software (FLOW 800 Caris Zeiss) permite un análisis semicuantitativo del flujo sanguíneo que mejora nuestro entendimiento de la fisiopatología arterial, venosa y parenquimatosa durante el acto quirúrgico. Objetivo: Describir la utilidad del análisis de flujo por videoangiografía ICG (FLOW 800) en cirugía vascular cerebral. Método: Se presentan dos casos en los cuales el análisis de flujo fue determinante para la toma de decisiones durante la cirugía. El primer caso corresponde a un paciente intervenido quirúrgicamente por malformación arteriovenosa (MAV). El segundo caso corresponde a un paciente con isquemia cerebral crónica en quien se realizó bypass cerebral. Resultados: El análisis de flujo por videoangiografía-ICG (FLOW 800) demostró ser útil para la identificación de vasos aferentes y eferentes en MAV de nido complejo. En cirugía de bypass permitió una mejor selección de arteria receptora, así como verificar la mejoría en la perfusión parenquimatosa post revascularización. Conclusiones: El análisis de flujo (FLOW 800) es una herramienta eficiente y no invasiva, que provee de información valiosa para la toma de decisiones en neurocirugía vascular.
IMPACTO DA PRÁTICA DA HIDROGINÁSTICA NA VELOCIDADE DA MARCHA EM IDOSOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Lima Matheus Kaian Rosas , Maia Rodrigo Feliz , Leão Romário Ferreira , Figueiredo Rosa Costa , Camargo Leandro Borelli de , Fileni Carlos Henrique Prevital , Oliveira José Ricardo Lourenço , Jesus Rodrigo da Silva de , Almeida Larissa Nazaré Queiroz de Araújo , Maneschy Mariela de Santana , Sílio Luiz Felipe , Passos Ricardo Pablo , Lima Bráulio Nascimento , Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros , Almeida Klebson da Silva
Published: January 2021

A prática frequente de hidroginástica na terceira idade é capaz de promover modificações morfológicas, sociais e fisiológicas. Em contrapartida, a inatividade física, assim como o processo de envelhecimento, estão associadas à redução da capacidade funcional, dentre as capacidades funcionais, temos a velocidade da marcha que é um dos movimentos humanos mais comuns, sendo resultado da interação dos sistemas nervoso e osteomuscular, de acordo com os estudos analisados, os exercícios físicos são uma maneira eficiente de prevenção e redução dessas perdas provenientes no decurso de envelhecimento, de modo que a hidroginástica promove modificações funcionais e articulares, beneficiando a velocidade marcha do indivíduo. Deste modo, o presente estudo possui a finalidade de identificar a influência da hidroginástica na velocidade da marcha em idosos. A presente pesquisa foi realizada em três bases de dados (PubMed, BVS e Scielo), com a finalidade de coletar dados científicos para embasar este estudo. Verificou-se nesta revisão uma escassez de estudos que relacionam diretamente os exercícios aquáticos com a velocidade da marcha em pessoas idosas, evidenciando a necessidade da realização de mais pesquisas nesta área, aumentando assim o arcabouço científico voltado para este tema.
VIVÊNCIA ACADÊMICA EM PROGRAMA DE GINÁSTICA LABORAL DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Costa Christian da Silva , Nascimento Elissa Raissa Siqueira do , Costa Joyce Lobato da , Castro Leny Silene de Freitas , Teixeira Tainá Alves
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência vivenciada por acadêmicos de fisioterapia, em um programa de ginástica laboral, durante a pandemia do Coronavírus. Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência realizado por acadêmicos de fisioterapia da Universidade do Estado do Pará. As práticas do estágio foram desenvolvidas em dois órgãos públicos administrativos, localizados em Belém, Pará, Brasil. As atividades ocorreram em dois a três dias na semana intercalados para cada Empresa, no período matutino durante quatro semanas. A ginástica laboral tinha duração de 15 minutos e foi realizada em todos os setores das duas instituições. Resultados: primeiramente, ocorreu a apresentação dos discentes e a realização da educação em saúde, por meio de informações a cerca da Covid-19; posteriormente, os trabalhadores eram convidados a participar da ginástica laboral composta por aquecimento, treino de mobilidade articular, alongamento muscular e exercícios respiratórios leves. Conclusão: os profissionais e estudantes da área de saúde atuam na prevenção, promoção da saúde e bem-estar, mesmo diante de uma pandemia. A GL pode ser utilizada como alternativa de minimizar os efeitos negativos causados pela pandemia, pois proporciona melhora no bem estar físico e mental.
PENGALAMAN, KOMPLEKSITAS TUGAS DAN SELF EFFICACY SEBAGAI DETERMINAN SKEPTISISME PROFESIONAL UNTUK MEMBENTUK AUDIT JUDGMENT
Authors: Tangke Paulus , Ng Suwandi , Tungabdi Erica
Published: January 2021

This study aims to analyze the influence of Experience, Task Complexity, and Self Efficacy on audit judgment through Professional Skepticism as an intervening variable. The population in this study is a Public Accounting Firm in Indonesia, which is listed on the Indonesian Public Accounting Firm Directory 2018. The sample in this study was 14 Public Accounting Firm in Sulawesi and using purposive sampling method. Sources of data in this study are primary data collected through questionnaires. This study use multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis.The results showed that experience has a negative and not significant on professional skepticism, task complexity has a negative and significant on professional skepticism, self efficacy has a positive and significant on professional skepticism. Experience, self efficacy, and professional skepticism has a positive and significant on audit judgment. Task complexity has a negative and significant on audit judgment. Professional skepticism can not mediate the relationship between experience on audit judgment. Professional skepticism may mediate the task complexity and self efficacy on audit judgment.
Penerapan Best Practice Pengendalian pada Siklus Pengeluaran Pemerintah
Authors: Kais Iskandar
Published: January 2021

This study analyzes the implementation of control policies and procedures in the government expenditure cycle, particularly at the central government, starting from control at the phase of commitment, goods/services received, before payment and at the time of payment. The research was conducted by analyzing the content of the regulations in the implementation of state budget expenditures.The results show that the implementation of controls in the government expenditure cycle has been fulfilled according to international practice. The application of this control is important for financial managers to ensure that the budget execution process is carried out properly.
ECO-BASED REASONED ACTION MODEL: THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors: Sisdyani Eka Ardhani
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to enrich Fishbein and Azjen’s Theory of Reasoned Action  in predicting the emergence of green behavior by adding institutional-based control system to maintain green intention’s stability.  Intention’s stability is a crucial construct in realizing green behavior, though, it is affected by several instances such as: resources availability, individual capabilities, new information, and cooperation and commitment of individuals. For that reason, it is plausible to argue that the existence of institutional-based control directing green behavior, such as eco-based management control systems, namely levers of eco-control, can maintain and augment one’s intention to pursue green behavior. Thus, the paper contributes in enriching the knowledge of the emergence and persistence of green behavior in organizations.
Critical Analyses of Pak-Afghan Transit Trade Agreement: Pakistan’s Perspective
Authors: Rooh Ul Amin  , Dr. Ghulam Muhammad Awan  , Dr. Faryal Raheem
Published: January 2021

Asia’s Cockpit, Afghanistan, is not only a strategic neigbour but also share intellectual, geographical, cultural, and diplomatic relations with Pakistan. Pakistan and Afghanistan’s long but porous border has been a source of trade, people interaction, and economic integration. The landlocked Afghanistan seeks an opportunity for trade through Pakistan under the provision of GATT Article V, UN law of Seas 1981 and New York Convention-1965. This study is conducted to examine Pak-Afghan Transit Trade relations over the years. Study is descriptive in nature based on data extracted from published government sources and research papers. Study found that Pak-Afghan signed two transit trade agreements i.e. Afghan Transit Trade Agreement on March 02, 1965 at Kabul and Afghan-Pak Transit Trade Agreement on October 28, 2010 at Islamabad. Under this agreement Pakistan permitted using of territory for trade transit enter from Karachi Port and Port Qasim and exist through Chaman and Torkham. Study found these agreements are bilaterally beneficial, however the research revealed that volume of Afghan transit trade decreased due to the sporadic events of border closures over the years and resultantly Afghanistan seeks transit trade opportunities through Turkmenistan, Iran, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan as per mutually agreed transit trade agreements with them. Afghan’s transit trade shift through other routes has serious implications for Pakistan socio-political and socio-economic interests. Since, peace and prosperity passes through international trade and economic integration therefore, both countries should adopt realistic approach towards each other’s sensitivities and concerns. Afghanistan must take a serious measures in controlling flow of smuggling and terrorism across Afghan land to Pakistan. The research recommends revisiting of the agreement and realign with the obvious opportunities emerging from the CPEC. Afghan should permit and facilitate Pakistan to trade with Central Asia and beyond using Afghan territory. The research further recommends that both countries to ensure that their bilateral relation are not affected by ties with any other country.
Impact of COVID-19 on Higher Education in India: Lessons Learned and Mitigation Measures
Authors: Kaushal C.P.
Published: January 2021

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a communicable disease caused by a newly detected severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 virus has spread all over the world including India. This corona virus pandemic has radically disrupted all the sectors including education sector, which affects the socio-economic conditions of the people and education system. This study is aiming to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on educational institutions, especially imparting higher education and related stakeholders till date, when the government has taken early decisions to breakdown the spread of virus among the community. The study is descriptive and analytical in nature where the information has been collected from the various official websites, newspapers, online news articles, and discussions with colleagues working in the higher education setup. This review study suggested some measures to overcome the situation such as special hygiene and health related measures like social distancing, using precautionary tools and equipment and some socioeconomic and technological measures such as economic supports for redesigning of the sector, public private partnerships in education system, digitization of the study techniques and educational infrastructure and use of Indian traditional knowledge. The higher education plays a key role for socio-economic development of the people in any country and with the implementation of these suggestive measures, the country will move forward and ensure the overall progress in education sector.
Research note: Examining false beliefs about voter fraud in the wake of the 2020 Presidential Election
Authors: Pennycook Gordon , Rand David G.
Published: January 2021

The 2020 U.S. Presidential Election saw an unprecedented number of false claims alleging election fraud and arguing that Donald Trump was the actual winner of the election. Here we report a sur-vey exploring belief in these false claims that was conducted three days after Biden was declared the winner. We find that a majority of Trump voters in our sample – particularly those who were more politically knowledgeable and more closely following election news – falsely believed that election fraud was widespread and that Trump won the election. Thus, false beliefs about the elec-tion are not merely a fringe phenomenon. We also find that Trump conceding or losing his legal challenges would likely lead a majority of Trump voters to accept Biden’s victory as legitimate, alt-hough 40% said they would continue to view Biden as illegitimate regardless. Finally, we found that levels of partisan spite and endorsement of violence were equivalent between Trump and Biden voters.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MATERNAL PSYCHOLOGY, FAMILY, AND CULTURE WITH PERCEPTION OF BREAST MILK INSUFFICIENCY IN BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS OF SUMUR BATU PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER, LAMPUNG INDONESIA
Authors: Muhani Nova , Ririn Wulandari  , Nurul Arayastuti  , Dhiny Easter Yanti  , Dessy Hermawan  , Siti Nena Sefililaisya  , Wulan Angraini
Published: January 2021

This study aims to get an overview of the perception of breast milk insufficiency seen from maternal psychological factors, family factors, and culture factors. Qualitative research used a phenomenological approach using source and method of triangulation techniques. Data were collected by using in-depth interviews with seven main informants of mother and husband or family (perception of breast milk insufficiency) and four key informants, i.e. program holders of Sumur Batu Public Health Center and cadres. Focus Group Discussions (FGD) was conducted with five mothers to collect information about the perception of breast milk insufficiency. The reason for mothers not exclusively breastfeeding was that mothers had felt that their breast milk was low and it had not met the needs of their baby. Psychological factors that affected the mother’s perception of breast milk insufficiency were lack of confidence about the adequacy and content of breast milk. The family had contributions in making decisions about giving nutrition to babies. The habit of giving formula milk had become a culture in the community. Creating innovative programs in educating the public by involving families, doing collaboration across sectors by the establishment of breastfeeding support groups, and the implementation of assertive rules for health workers/agencies that do not promote exclusive breastfeeding.
PREVALENCE OF CARBONATED SOFT DRINK CONSUMPTION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG MALAYSIAN ADOLESCENTS: A NATIONWIDE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY 2017
Authors: Salleh Ruhaya , Ambak Rashidah , Awaluddin S. Maria , Ahmad Mohamad Hasnan , Mohamad Noor Noor Safiza , Mohd Sallehuddin Syafinaz , Zulkafly Norlida
Published: January 2021

Carbonated soft drinks (CSD) consumption is one of the contributing factors to weight gain, dental caries and non-communicable diseases among adolescents. This study aims to determine CSD consumption among Malaysian adolescents and their associated factors. The Adolescent Health Survey 2017, was a nationally representative survey sampled school-going adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. Findings reported that 36.9% of adolescents reported CSD consumption at least once daily in the past 30 days, and the prevalence was higher than a similar study conducted in 2012. Boys, schools in rural areas, lower secondary schoolers, not physically active, consuming fast food, having food insecurity, and truancy problem reported significantly higher odds of consuming CSD compared to their counterparts. By ethnicity, Bumiputera Sarawak adolescents showed the highest odds of consuming CSD and followed by Bumiputera Sabah. Thus, interventions to limit CSD consumption among Malaysian adolescents should consider the factors highlighted in this study.