bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parallel Computation on Multicore Processors Using Explicit Form of the Finite Element Method and C++ Standard Libraries
Authors: Rek Václav , Němec Ivan
Published: December 2016

In this paper, the form of modifications of the existing sequential code written in C or C++ programming language for the calculation of various kind of structures using the explicit form of the Finite Element Method (Dynamic Relaxation Method, Explicit Dynamics) in the NEXX system is introduced. The NEXX system is the core of engineering software NEXIS, Scia Engineer, RFEM and RENEX. It has the possibilities of multithreaded running, which can now be supported at the level of native C++ programming language using standard libraries. Thanks to the high degree of abstraction that a contemporary C++ programming language provides, a respective library created in this way can be very generalized for other purposes of usage of parallelism in computational mechanics.
Seismic Resistance of Storage Tanks Containing Liquid in Accordance with Principles of Eurocode 8 Standard
Authors: Sivý Martin , Musil Miloš
Published: December 2016

Large capacity tanks storing various liquids are important components in distribution and transmission systems. During operation tanks can be subjected to different types of loading. Therefore, maximum attention must be paid to the tank design to capture all possible causes and forms of failures. The article deals with the procedure for seismic resistance of liquid storage tanks which are in accordance with the principles of Eurocode 8 standard. The seismic analysis is performed on flexible (steel) circular vertical ground-supported model of tank containing liquid (water). The main aim is to determine basic seismic characteristics, distributions of hydrodynamic pressure, dynamic properties and response of investigated tank-liquid system subjected to earthquake excitation (El Centro). Seismic analysis and results comparison are carried out on mechanical spring-mass model (Eurocode 8) and finite element model (ANSYS).
Secondary Hypertension: Differential Diagnosis and Basic Principles of Treatment
Authors: Jacovic Sasa , Zivkovic-Radojevic Marija , Petrovic Dejan
Published: December 2016

Secondary hypertension occurs in 5-10% of cases in the patient population with primary hypertension. The most common forms of secondary hypertension are as follows: parenchymal renal disease (renoparenchymal hypertension), renal artery stenosis (renovascular hypertension), adrenal gland adenoma (primary hyperaldosteronism), a tumour of the adrenal gland marrow (pheochromocytoma) and adenoma of adrenal and pituitary glands (Cushing’s syndrome). In patients with a typical clinical picture of secondary hypertension, the appropriate diagnostic tests should be conducted based on the suspected form of secondary hypertension. Determining a diagnosis of secondary hypertension is gradual. First, the appropriate screening tests are performed. If the screening test is positive, then additional tests to confirm the forms of secondary hypertension are conducted. Once a diagnosis of the appropriate form of secondary hypertension is confirmed, tests to distinguish causes and laterality tests to determine the precise localisation of the pathological process are applied to evaluate the response to therapy. Analysing the results of endocrine diagnostic tests provides an accurate diagnosis and selection of optimal therapeutic procedures.
Telemetric multi-sensor system for medical applications – The approach
Authors: Weidenmüller Jens , Walk Christian , Dogan Özgü , Gembaczka Pierre , Stanitzki Alexander , Görtz Michael
Published: December 2016

Long-term monitoring of hemodynamics can be achieved by an implantable and telemetric multi-sensor system. A concept to realize
a system with high miniaturization level is presented. The requirements regarding a multifunctional transponder ASIC (application
specific integrated circuit), which should combine signal processing, telemetric communication and additional sensors in one chip, are
introduced. Capacitive pressure sensors showing low power consumption were tested with laboratory setups with respect to the
integration in this concept. First results were achieved and discussed concerning two potential assembly technologies for the
integration of a pressure sensor. Finally, hermetic sealing and implant encapsulation technologies are proposed for further implant
miniaturization.
Calibration and uncertainty analysis for multicomponent force/torque measurements
Authors: Schleichert Jan , Rahneberg Ilko , Marangoni Rafael R. , Fröhlich Thomas
Published: December 2016

Many applications in research and industry require accurate
measurements of force and torque
vectors

G. Schicker, R. Wegener.
Drehmoment richtig messen.
Hottinger-Baldwin-Messtechnik, 2002; R. Schwartz.
Teil B: Sensoren, Kraft, Masse, Drehmoment.
In H.-J. Gevatter and U. Grünhaupt, editors, Handbuch der
Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik in der Produktion, VDI-Buch, pages 55–92. Springer, Dordrecht, 2006.

as well as their time
dependency. This measurement task can be solved by using
multicomponent sensors. Despite of their wide distribution there is
a lack of official guides for their calibration

D. Schwind and H. Raabe.
A new Calibration Procedure for Multicomponent transducers.
XX IMEKO World Congress, Metrology for Green Growth, Busan,
Republic of Korea, September 9–12, 2012.

and methods for evaluation of measurement uncertainty. In many
applications statically calibrated mulicomponent sensors are used for
measurement of dynamic quantities

Y.-K. Park, R. Kumme, and D.-I. Kang.
Dynamic investigation of a binocular six-component force-moment
sensor.
Measurement Science and Technology, 13(8):1311–1318, 2002.

which causes severe
deviations in measurement when the quantity to be measured has
a frequency near or above resonance frequency of the transducer. This
paper describes the static calibration and a method for uncertainty
analysis using the example of a six-component sensor for force and
torque. Subsequently the dynamic calibration of such a sensor is
discussed. Based on the results of the dynamic calibration an approach
for evaluation of dynamic measurement uncertainty is applied.
UVB-irradiated indole-3-acetic acid induces apoptosis via caspase activation
Authors: Kwon Nyoun Soo , Jeong Yun-Mi , Jeong Hyo-Soon , Kim Myo-Kyoung , Min Young Sil , Yun Hye-Young , Baek Kwang Jin , Kim Dong-Seok
Published: December 2016

Objective

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) activation has been suggested as a new strategy for cancer therapy. It has been reported that ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can activate IAA. In the present study, we investigated whether UVB-irradiated IAA (IAAUVB) can induce apoptosis of G361 human melanoma cells and examined the apoptotic pathway involved.

Methods

DNA fragmentation was measured to examine apoptosis. IAAUVB-induced signaling pathways were investigated by Western blot analysis.

Results

Our results show that IAAUVB reduced cell viability of G361 human melanoma cells, and induced DNA fragmentation, a hallmark of apoptosis. We also found that c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38, which are activated by IAAUVB, are not associated with this cell death. We further investigated the IAAUVB-mediated apoptotic pathway after pretreatment with NS398, vitamin C, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Although NS398, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2, was not protective, vitamin C and NAC ameliorated IAAUVB-mediated cell death. In addition, when cells were pretreated with a caspase inhibitor, IAAUVB-induced apoptosis was inhibited.

Conclusions

These results suggest that free radicals generated from IAA by UV irradiation may cause apoptosis, and IAAUVB induces apoptosis of G361 human melanoma cells by activating caspases.
On the production of metaphors and metonymies by Jordanian EFL learners: acquisition and implications
Authors: Zibin Aseel
Published: December 2016

This study explores the ability of Jordanian learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) to produce English metaphorical and metonymical expressions, using a completion task. It also examines whether the use of conceptual and linguistic knowledge of the participants’ first language, i.e. Jordanian Arabic (JA) would facilitate the production task. The study adopts a contrastive model to compare and contrast figurative devices in English and JA, consisting of six types that vary in relation to the conceptual bases and linguistic expressions involved. The results reveal that even though the participants’ scores were poor, the participants exhibited a general capacity to produce metaphorical/metonymical expressions that are similar in meaning to the ones required on the test, utilizing their L1 conceptual and linguistic knowledge. It was suggested that three important factors need to be satisfied to enable EFL learners to produce English figurative devices correctly, i.e. knowledge of the conceptual bases involved, a good command of English collocational knowledge and familiarity with the concept of partial synonymy, and continuous exposure to the figurative expressions in real-life English. Based on these results, the study proposes some pedagogical implications that may assist EFL learners to familiarize themselves with metaphorical/metonymical expressions in English and it concludes with recommendations for further research.
The Demographic Success of Marsilea Quadrifolia L. in a Man-Made Water Body from Danube Delta Biosphere Reservation
Authors: Strat Daniela
Published: December 2016

Marsilea quadrifolia L. (water clover) is a unique species from Romanian flora that belongs to the Marsileaceae family and is one of the most vulnerable plants in Europe due to the loss of its habitats. In this paper, the demographic evolution of a new M. quadrifolia population in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve and its natural and anthropic threats are reported. The aquatic fern, M. quadrifolia, has colonized a suitable man-made water body. After a decade of monitoring, the demographic trend is positive but the support capacity of habitat for the water clover remains limited in the long term. The population is vulnerable due to succession of vegetation and its vicinity with a human settlement. The establishment of a micro-reserve represents a suitable method to protect and maintain this threatened M. quadrifolia population.
Sabanejewia Aurata (De Filippi, 1863) Populations Management Decisions Support System for Rosci0132 (Olt River Basin)
Authors: Curtean-Bănăduc Angela , Cismaş Cristina-Ioana , Bănăduc Doru
Published: December 2016

The ADONIS: CE was used to design a specific management model for the Sabanejewia aurata (De Filippi, 1863) populations. The proposed model is based on this species, in situ identified biological/ecological necessities in relation to the habitats, the conservation status indicators and appropriate management actions and the pressures and threats founded in the study area. Such on species, on habitats and on site based management system was done to complete this approach for ROSCI0132, the other fish species which are living there being treated already in this respect.
Ist der Nießbraucher eines Gesellschaftsanteils wie ein Gesellschafter zu behandeln?
Authors: Wedemann Frauke
Published: December 2016

In mannigfaltigen Zusammenhängen wird die Frage virulent, ob der Nießbraucher eines Geschäftsanteils wie ein Gesellschafter zu behandeln ist. Der vorliegende Beitrag fächert die Problemlage auf und schlägt ein übergreifendes Lösungskonzept vor.
Darboux Transformation for Coupled Non-Linear Schrödinger Equation and Its Breather Solutions
Authors: Feng Lili , Yu Fajun , Li Li
Published: December 2016

Starting from a 3×3 spectral problem, a Darboux transformation (DT) method for coupled Schrödinger (CNLS) equation is constructed, which is more complex than 2×2 spectral problems. A scheme of soliton solutions of an integrable CNLS system is realised by using DT. Then, we obtain the breather solutions for the integrable CNLS system. The method is also appropriate for more non-linear soliton equations in physics and mathematics.
Hasta no verte Jesús mío: una propuesta alternativa de historicidad de la Revolución Mexicana desde una óptica feminocéntrica
Authors: González Cárdenas Verónica Alejandra
Published: December 2016

La Revolución Mexicana de 1910 tuvo su origen en la lucha de clases. Campesinos marginados del desarrollo sociopolítico y económico del país se levantaron en armas contra el régimen dictatorial del general Porfirio Díaz. La lucha armada no fue sostenida únicamente por varones, también contó con la participación activa de  las soldaderas, quienes han sido invisibilizadas en la historia oficial y en la narrativa de la Revolución.Elena Poniatowska en su novela Hasta no verte Jesús mío, rescata las historias de la gente corriente, las visibiliza y coloca en una dimensión de poder. En este artículo, me propongo analizar la novela con base en la Historia desde Abajo, para mostrar cómo a partir de la construcción del personaje de Jesusa Palancares, la escritora propone una alternativa de historicidad de la Revolución Mexicana desde una óptica feminocéntrica.
Los lejanos mayores de Altazor
Authors: Salazar Torres Fernando
Published: December 2016

Se analizan las relaciones intertextuales de Altazor con tres obras poéticas de la lírica francesa, considerando la genética de la poesía moderna, especialmente dada la concepción de la metáfora y sus influencias provocadas en gran parte de la estética del siglo XX. Explicar el programa creacionista, así como su desapego y continuidad para poner de manifiesto la herencia y los orígenes del poema de Vicente Huidobro.
Sacrificarse por el otro, salvarse por el arte. “El Cristo negro” de Salarrué
Authors: Munguía Zaratain Martha Elena
Published: December 2016

A pesar de la existencia de santos modernos, algunos plenamente reconocidos por la institución religiosa como Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer, otros al margen, como Jesús Malverde, parece a primera vista que el género hagiográfico ha dejado de ser fructífero para la literatura actual, tal vez por la resistencia generalizada a creer en la santidad. Sin embargo, es indudable que sus huellas perduran en obras narrativas contemporáneas y no sólo en su forma paródica. A pesar de la extrañeza que pueda provocar, un centroamericano, en pleno siglo xx, exploró las posibilidades artísticas del género y escribió un cuento singular en más de un sentido, que recupera los tonos y las formas de la hagiografía antigua sin que se trasluzca ni un mínimo matiz paródico.
TNF-α Differentially Regulates Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampus and Spinal Cord by Microglia-Dependent Mechanisms after Peripheral Nerve Injury
Authors: Liu Yong , Zhou Li-Jun , Wang Jun , Li Dai , Ren Wen-Jie , Peng Jiyun , Wei Xiao , Xu Ting , Xin Wen-Jun , Pang Rui-Ping , Li Yong-Yong , Qin Zhi-Hai , Murugan Madhuvika , Mattson Mark P. , Wu Long-Jun , Liu Xian-Guo
Published: December 2016

Clinical studies show that chronic pain is accompanied by memory deficits and reduction in hippocampal volume. Experimental studies show that spared nerve injury (SNI) of the sciatic nerve induces long-term potentiation (LTP) at C-fiber synapses in spinal dorsal horn, but impairs LTP in the hippocampus. The opposite changes may contribute to neuropathic pain and memory deficits, respectively. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the functional synaptic changes are unclear. Here, we show that the dendrite lengths and spine densities are reduced significantly in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, but increased in spinal neurokinin-1-positive neurons in mice after SNI, indicating that the excitatory synaptic connectivity is reduced in hippocampus but enhanced in spinal dorsal horn in this neuropathic pain model. Mechanistically, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is upregulated in bilateral hippocampus and in ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn, whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is decreased in the hippocampus but increased in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn after SNI. Importantly, the SNI-induced opposite changes in synaptic connectivity and BDNF expression are prevented by genetic deletion of TNF receptor 1in vivoand are mimicked by TNF-α in cultured slices. Furthermore, SNI activated microglia in both spinal dorsal horn and hippocampus; pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of microglia prevented the region-dependent synaptic changes, neuropathic pain, and memory deficits induced by SNI. The data suggest that neuropathic pain involves different structural synaptic alterations in spinal and hippocampal neurons that are mediated by overproduction of TNF-α and microglial activation and may underlie chronic pain and memory deficits.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTChronic pain is often accompanied by memory deficits. Previous studies have shown that peripheral nerve injury produces both neuropathic pain and memory deficits and induces long-term potentiation (LTP) at C-fiber synapses in spinal dorsal horn (SDH) but inhibits LTP in hippocampus. The opposite changes in synaptic plasticity may contribute to chronic pain and memory deficits, respectively. However, the structural and molecular bases of these alterations of synaptic plasticity are unclear. Here, we show that the complexity of excitatory synaptic connectivity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression are enhanced in SDH but reduced in the hippocampus in neuropathic pain and the opposite changes depend on tumor necrosis factor-alpha/tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling and microglial activation. The region-dependent synaptic alterations may underlie chronic neuropathic pain and memory deficits induced by peripheral nerve injury.
“Ian Schneider”
Authors: Wyatt Jonathan
Published: December 2016

A poetic emergence of the particular—a particular place, day, time, moment, event—and its (extra)ordinary affect.
Two Shits
Authors: Wyatt Jonathan
Published: December 2016

This brief essay works and plays with “ordinary affect” as it flows amongst, through, and between two apparently different milieus—a university workplace and a comedy club.
Leptin pharmacokinetics in male mice
Authors: Hart Robert A , Dobos Robin C , Agnew Linda L , Smart Neil A , McFarlane James R
Published: December 2016

Pharmacokinetics of leptin in mammals has not been studied in detail and only one study has examined more than one time point in non-mutant mice and this was in a female mice. This is the first study to describe leptin distribution over a detailed time course in normal male mice. A physiologic dose (12 ng) of radiolabelled leptin was injected into adult male mice via the lateral tail vein and tissues were dissected out and measured for radioactivity over a time course of up to two hours. Major targets were the digestive tract, kidneys, skin and lungs. The brain was not a major target, and 0.15% of the total dose was recovered from the brain 5 min after administration. Major differences appear to exist in the distribution of leptin between the male and female mice, indicating a high degree of sexual dimorphism. Although the half-lives were similar between male and female mice, almost twice the proportion of leptin was recovered from the digestive tract of male mice in comparison to that reported previously for females. This would seem to indicate a major difference in leptin distribution and possibly function between males and females.
Impact of AIP and inhibitory G protein alpha 2 proteins on clinical features of sporadic GH-secreting pituitary adenomas
Authors: Ritvonen Elina , Pitkänen Esa , Karppinen Atte , Vehkavaara Satu , Demir Hande , Paetau Anders , Schalin-Jäntti Camilla , Karhu Auli
Published: December 2016

Introduction

In sporadic acromegaly, downregulation of AIP protein of the adenomas associates with invasive tumor features and reduced responsiveness to somatostatin analogues. AIP is a regulator of Gai signaling, but it is not known how the biological function of the Gai pathway is controlled.

Aim

To study GNAS and AIP mutation status, AIP and Gai-2 protein expressions, Ki-67 proliferation indices and clinical parameters in patients having primary surgery because of acromegaly at a single center between years 2000 and 2010.

Results

Sixty patients (F/M, 31/29), mean age 49 (median 50), mean follow-up 7.7 years (range 0.6–14.0) underwent primary surgery. Four adenoma specimens (6.8%) harbored an AIP and 21 (35.6%) an activating GNAS (Gsp+) mutation. Altogether 13/56 (23%) adenomas had low AIP protein levels, and 14/56 (25%) low Gai-2 staining. In regression modeling, AIP expression associated with Gai-2 (P = 2.33 × 10−9) and lower Ki-67 (P = 0.04). In pairwise comparison, low AIP protein predicted high GH at last follow-up (mean 7.7 years after surgery, q = 0.045). Extent of treatments given for acromegaly associated with higher preoperative GH (P = 7.94 × 10−4), KNOSP (P = 0.003) and preoperative hypopituitarism (P = 0.03) and remission at last follow-up with change in 3-month postoperative IGF1 (P = 2.07 × 10−7).

Conclusions

We demonstrate, for the first time, that AIP protein expression associates with Gai-2 protein intensities in sporadic somatotropinomas, suggesting a joint regulation on somatostatin signaling. Low AIP level associates with higher proliferative activity and predicts high GH concentrations after long-term follow-up. The AIP mutation rate of 6.8% is fairly high, reflecting the genetic composition of the Finnish population.
Selye’s general adaptation syndrome: stress-induced gastro-duodenal ulceration and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Fink George
Published: December 2016

Hans Selye in a note to Nature in 1936 initiated the field of stress research by showing that rats exposed to nocuous stimuli responded by way of a ‘general adaptation syndrome’ (GAS). One of the main features of the GAS was the ‘formation of acute erosions in the digestive tract, particularly in the stomach, small intestine and appendix’. This provided experimental evidence for the view based on clinical data that gastro-duodenal (peptic) ulcers could be caused by stress. This hypothesis was challenged by Marshall and Warren’s Nobel Prize (2005)-winning discovery of a causal association between Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcers. However, clinical and experimental studies suggest that stress can cause peptic ulceration in the absence of H. pylori. Predictably, the etiological pendulum of gastric and duodenal ulceration has swung from ‘all stress’ to ‘all bacteria’ followed by a sober realization that both factors play a role, separately as well as together. This raises the question as to whether stress and H. pylori interact, and if so, how? Stress has also been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and related disorders; however, there is no proof yet that stress is the primary etiological trigger for IBD. Central dopamine mechanisms seem to be involved in the stress induction of peptic ulceration, whereas activation of the sympathetic nervous system and central and peripheral corticotrophin-releasing factor appears to mediate stress-induced IBD.
miR-361-3p regulates FSH by targeting FSHB in a porcine anterior pituitary cell model
Authors: Ye Rui-Song , Li Meng , Li Chao-Yun , Qi Qi-En , Chen Ting , Cheng Xiao , Wang Song-Bo , Shu Gang , Wang Li-Na , Zhu Xiao-Tong , Jiang Qing-Yan , Xi Qian-Yun , Zhang Yong-Liang
Published: December 2016

FSH plays an essential role in processes involved in human reproduction, including spermatogenesis and the ovarian cycle. While the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying its synthesis and secretion have been extensively studied, little is known about its posttranscriptional regulation. A bioinformatics analysis from our group indicated that a microRNA (miRNA; miR-361-3p) could regulate FSH secretion by potentially targeting the FSHB subunit. Herein, we sought to confirm these findings by investigating the miR-361-3p-mediated regulation of FSH production in primary pig anterior pituitary cells. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) treatment resulted in an increase in FSHB synthesis at both the mRNA, protein/hormone level, along with a significant decrease in miR-361-3p and its precursor (pre-miR-361) levels in time- and dose-dependent manner. Using the Dual-Luciferase Assay, we confirmed that miR-361-3p directly targets FSHB. Additionally, overexpression of miR-361-3p using mimics significantly decreased the FSHB production at both the mRNA and protein levels, with a reduction in both protein synthesis and secretion. Conversely, both synthesis and secretion were significantly increased following miR-361-3p blockade. To confirm that miR-361-3p targets FSHB, we designed FSH-targeted siRNAs, and co-transfected anterior pituitary cells with both the siRNA and miR-361-3p inhibitors. Our results indicated that the siRNA blocked the miR-361-3p inhibitor-mediated upregulation of FSH, while no significant effect on non-target expression. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR-361-3p negatively regulates FSH synthesis and secretion by targeting FSHB, which provides more functional evidence that a miRNA is involved in the direct regulation of FSH.
Early-Onset Juvenile SLE Associated With a Novel Mutation in Protein Kinase C δ
Authors: Nanthapisal Sira , Omoyinmi Ebun , Murphy Claire , Standing Ariane , Eisenhut Michael , Eleftheriou Despina , Brogan Paul A.
Published: December 2016

Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) is rare before 5 years of age. Monogenic causes are suspected in cases of very early onset jSLE particularly in the context of a family history and/or consanguinity. We performed whole-exome sequencing and homozygosity mapping in the siblings presented with early-onset jSLE. A novel homozygous missense mutation in protein kinase C delta (c.1294G>T; p.Gly432Trp) was identified in both patients. One patient showed a marked clinical response and resolution inflammation with rituximab therapy. This report demonstrates the clinical importance of identifying monogenic causes of rare disease to provide a definitive diagnosis, help rationalize treatment, and facilitate genetic counseling.
A Clinical Perspective on Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Katritsis Demosthenes G ,   Athens Euroclinic, Greece, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, Gersh Bernard J ,   Mayo Medical School, Rochester, MN, USA, Camm A John ,   St George’s University of London, UK
Published: December 2016

This article presents the epidemiology, aetiology and pathophysiology of sudden cardiac death. The modern management of survivors as well as of family members of victims is discussed, as are the relevant recommendations of guidelines prepared by learned societies.
A Maioridade frente à Sociedade e às Inclinações Naturais segundo Kant
Authors: Castro Hedgar Lopes
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo trata da relação existente entre sujeito, determinações sociais e inclinações naturais, com base na questão da maioridade, da autonomia da vontade e do imperativo categórico que Kant apresenta em três de suas obras sobre a ética. O sujeito está dividido entre diversas tendências; aquele que não sai delas e, portanto, não introduz em si mesmo a liberdade de agir e decidir o que fazer, está fadado a viver na menoridade, como um sujeito inautêntico, por assim dizer. Entretanto, ao estabelecer-se como sujeito de liberdade e autonomia, que reconhece a valor do dever por ele mesmo, passa a ser capaz de governar-se a si mesmo, ainda que, para isso, seja necessária a força do imperativo categórico em suas deliberações racionais para viver. O sujeito não deve ser conduzido, nesse sentido, por nada que lhe seja externo, ainda que necessidades naturais e regras sociais devam por ele ser seguidas, uma vez que a vida subjetiva não pode ser totalmente derivada de sua capacidade de pensar e agir.
Abordagens da Equidade: aproximações sobre um conceito-chave das humanidades e das ciências sociais
Authors: Haeberlin Mártin
Published: December 2016

O presente texto propõe um exame de diferentes abordagens da equidade, uma vez que, não obstante seja ela um conceito filosófico clássico, devem-se conhecer as visões sobre ela advindas de outras áreas do conhecimento, notadamente o direito e a economia. Para realizar esse objeto, são tratadas as visões de equidade nas seguintes abordagens: o conceito de justiça em Aristóteles; a doutrina do direito de Immanuel Kant;  a “justice as fairness” de John Rawls; a igualdade como virtude em Ronald Dworkin; e noção de capacidades e liberdades substantivas de Amartya Sen. Ao fim, realiza-se uma categorização do termo em dois sentidos, propondo-se sua conexão.
Corporativismo e proteção laboral no Estado Novo português: o caso dos acidentes de trabalho e doenças profissionais (1936-1974)
Authors: Pires Leonardo
Published: December 2016

O objetivo do seguinte artigo é analisar a relação entre os trabalhadores e o Estado Novo que constituiu um elemento relevante na compreensão do impacto da doutrina corporativa na sociedade portuguesa. Para cumprir tal objetivo, este ensaio centrar-se-á num aspeto específico: os acidentes laborais e as doenças profissionais. No que diz respeito à forma jurídica e mais precisamente à questão social e a sua relação com o regime corporativo, a ditadura portuguesa criou leis que envolviam a saúde e a segurança laboral que serão analisadas neste artigo.
Commentary on: Addiction in extreme sports: An exploration of withdrawal states in rock climbers
Authors: Buckley Ralf C.
Published: December 2016

Individuals can display characteristics of behavioral addictions to nature and the outdoors as well as adventure activities. Research on mental health effects of nature exposure is relevant to research on nature and adventure addictions.
Prevention of Internet addiction: A systematic review
Authors: Vondráčková Petra , Gabrhelík Roman
Published: December 2016

Background and aims

Out of a large number of studies on Internet addiction, only a few have been published on the prevention of Internet addiction. The aim of this study is provide a systematic review of scientific articles regarding the prevention of Internet addiction and to identify the relevant topics published in this area of interest.

Methods

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were adopted. The EBSCO, ProQuest Central, and PubMed databases were searched for texts published in English and Spanish between January 1995 and April 2016. A total of 179 original texts were obtained. After de-duplication and topic-relevance review, 108 texts were systematically classified and subjected to descriptive analysis and subsequent content analysis.

Results

The results of the content analysis yielded the following thematic areas: (a) target groups, (b) the improvement of specific skills, (c) program characteristics, and (d) environmental interventions.

Discussion and conclusion

Literature on the prevention of Internet addiction is scarce. There is an urgent need to introduce and implement new interventions for different at-risk populations, conduct well-designed research, and publish data on the effectiveness of these interventions. Developing prevention interventions should primarily target children and adolescents at risk of Internet addiction but also parents, teachers, peers, and others who are part of the formative environment of children and adolescents at risk of Internet addiction. Newly designed interventions focused on Internet addiction should be rigorously evaluated and the results published.
Visual silence and non-normative sexualities
Authors: Jaworski Adam
Published: December 2016

Marginalization of people in non-hegemonic / non-normative gender roles and sexualities is often discussed in terms of their ‘silencing’. Besides, as silence tends to occupy liminal stages of communication and interaction, it is well suited to indexing marginalized subjectivities. This paper argues that in the context of artistic performance, that is when silence is displayed rather than imposed, silence can be re-valued as affirming and liberating. Art, which thrives on equivocality and understatement, tends to be silence-friendly due to its affordances of relative indeterminacy and ambiguity. Thus, the examples of transduction of silence in modern and contemporary art illustrate how art embraces, rather than obscures or disavows, male and female homosexual identities and non-heroic masculinities. The works examined include: Robert Rauschenberg’s and Agnes Martin’s monochromes, New York Dada drawings and photographs, and activist HIV/AIDS installations and photographs.
Representing affective labour and gender performativity in knowledge work
Authors: Roderick Ian
Published: December 2016

This paper argues that a multimodal approach to critical discourse analysis makes visible how contemporary office design and furnishings prescribe gender performativities crucial to the labour of communicative capitalism (Dean 2005). Examining WWW-based promotional material produced by multinational contract furniture producers, a critical analysis is offered of the ways in which the open-plan office is represented as a wellspring of affective labour. First, attention is turned to detailing the kinds of social actors and their actions depicted in the representations of office work. Second, the kinds of interactional meanings produced in the videos are documented. Having established how these idealized representations of knowledge work highlight particular embodiments and actions, the paper then argues that the promotional materials are in fact constituting those ‘bodies that matter’ (Butler 1993) to communicative capitalism. Ultimately, these videos depict how the female knowledge worker must ‘cite’ a normative feminized affective worker so as to be recognized as a viable employee.
Twelve Tips on Implementing Multiple Mini-Interviews in a Hybrid Admissions Model
Authors: Bing-You Robert , Linder Jo , White Patricia , Neumeyer David
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Background: Multiple mini-interviews (MMI) were proposed almost a decade ago as an alternate means of assessing medical school applicants. MMIs are similar to an OSCE (Objectively Structured Clinical Examination) in that applicants complete a series of brief encounters focused on non-clinical topics. Aim: To assist those considering the addition of MMIs with standard interviews in a hybrid admissions model. Methods: The tips are derived from personal experience with a hybrid model at one academic institution. Results: The twelve tips describe approaches for obtaining early faculty buy-in, designing a floor plan and time-table, aligning MMI content with the program mission and goals, conducting faculty training, developing contingency plans, managing applicants' expectations, encouraging committee participation, promoting holistic review of each applicant, utilizing the benefits the model allows, changing scenarios periodically, studying the model, and sharing the lessons learned. Conclusion: It is hoped these suggestions are helpful to those considering a hybrid model for their institution.
The Development of the Curriculum: Theoretical Insights and Practical Preconditions
Authors: Žadeikaitė Loreta , Zaleskienė Irena
Published: December 2016

The article discusses the research insights of professor Bronislovas Bitinas towards change of curriculum and practicalities of his implementation, towards change in education paradigm. Authors of the article analyse the research heritage of professor which is fully publicized into “Selected Works in Education by Bronius Bitinas” (I–III t., 2013). The main points from Selections are disclosed in article in order to show the continuity of his theoretical ideas, the preconditions for practical realization of these ideas, the innovativity of the developments in the curriculum change for the national as well as for international educational community. Realization of the ideas of B. Bitinasarelinked with the steps in national educational Reform, with developments and improvements of educational interaction at different levels. Besides that the positive role of professors ideas and insights for development of the new acts and regulations in education, for improvement of school activities are discussed by the authors of the article. After analyzing theoretical and practical approaches of B. Bitinas, authors of the articles state some conclusions: the research based pedagogical insights of professor B. Bitinas are still very actual for nowadays education: political decisions, the development of acts for implementation of the curriculum, etc. are still based upon his theoretical ideas and practical assumptions. As a result of research by summarising the ideas the statement is made about sustainability of professor’s insights and ideas into three major streams: Curriculum theory, Research based Curriculum and Social context of education. Authors suggest to go forward in researching these streams.
Purposefulness of Physical Education Teachers as a Determinant of Their Pupils’ Objective Position in Physical Education Activities in Postmodern Society
Authors: Kardelienė Laimutė
Published: December 2016

The peculiarities of youth way of living show that great deal of attention should be paid to the rapid change of interests in physical education activities during their leisure time as well as a school subject. Physical education teachers, as professionals, are deliberately trying to create a pleasant study atmosphere. Furthermore, the pupils show appreciation for the teacher’s ability to sustain a positive outlook towards physical education activities. Professional purposefulness of a teacher must be assessed in order to consolidate a personal education approach. Therefore, a research question is formulated: which type of professional purposefulness is dominant amongst physical education teachers? Research object – a subjective self-evaluation of physical education teachers’ purposefulness. Research aim – to evaluate physical education teachers’ professional purposefulness as means of increasing pupils’ positive outlook towards physical education activities. Methods. An independent sample was constructed. A scale of 21 statements was used to evaluate teachers’ educational purposefulness and professional competences that describe it. Conclusion. A comparative analysis of data, revealing physical education teachers’ professional purposefulness, and attitude towards physical education classes has shown that teachers who practice goal-oriented purposefulness, compared to those of situational purposefulness, tend to be more creative during classes and more concerned with the importance of physical education in the curriculum. Connections of research variables show that goal-oriented purposefulness teachers are more physically active during their leisure time, are more optimistic about their current life stage and are more successful at creating an educational environment during their classes.
Sistema integrado de produção do tabaco: saúde, trabalho e condições de vida de trabalhadores rurais no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Riquinho Deise Lisboa , Hennington Élida Azevedo
Published: December 2016

Resumo: O estudo teve por objetivo analisar o processo de produção e comercialização do tabaco no sistema integrado e as condições de vida e trabalho de fumicultores no Sul do Brasil. Foi desenvolvido estudo qualitativo, no período de dezembro de 2010 a agosto de 2011, com realização de 31 entrevistas semiestruturadas com trabalhadores rurais e informantes chave, além de observação participante. A perspectiva ergológica foi o principal referencial analítico. O sistema integrado permite à indústria controlar os valores pagos e a qualidade do fumo. O alto custo dos insumos, o endividamento, a insuficiência do seguro agrícola e a utilização intensiva da força de trabalho familiar caracterizam a produção do tabaco. Riscos de acidentes e doenças foram relacionados ao trabalho na fumicultura. À luz do dispositivo dinâmico a três polos proposto pela ergologia, o enfrentamento dos problemas exige a confrontação entre os polos do saber dos trabalhadores e o do conhecimento técnico e científico, articulados com responsabilidade ética e social.
Uso, crença e atitudes na variação na primeira pessoa do plural no Português Brasileiro
Authors: FREITAG Raquel Meister Ko.
Published: December 2016

RESUMO Estudos sociolinguísticos têm evidenciado a não relevância da escolarização na expressão da 1ª pessoa do plural no Português Brasileiro, o que sugere aparentemente não haver estigma associado ao uso dessas formas. No entanto, nem sempre o comportamento linguístico corresponde às crenças e atitudes acerca do fenômeno, e do ponto de vista da avaliação social, pode haver gradiências de estratiﬁcação social e estilística. Com o objetivo de investigar estes gradientes, somente resultados de distribuição sociodemográﬁca das variáveis não são o bastante; é preciso triangular o máximo de evidências de diferentes fontes perceptuais. São apresentadas e discutidas estratégias para mensurar a avaliação social do fenômeno, considerando o encaixamento na estrutura linguística e os efeitos das fontes institucionais no condicionamento da mudança.
Cruzamento vocabular: um subtipo da composição?
Authors: ANDRADE Katia Emmerick , RONDININI Roberto Botelho
Published: December 2016

RESUMO Este artigo analisa aspectos que aproximam e distanciam os processos de formação de palavras por cruzamento vocabular, a exemplo de namorido e boadrasta, e por composição, abelha-rainha e lança-chamas, sob a ótica de um continuum morfológico, nos moldes de (Andrade, 2013), já que uma classiﬁcação baseada em representantes prototípicos de cada operação parece não ser a mais adequada à realidade lexical. Caracterizamos tais processos, fundamentando-nos, prioritariamente, em (Rio-Torto e Ribeiro, 2011), para a composição, e em (Andrade, 2008) e (Basilio, 2003;2005; 2010), para o cruzamento vocabular. Em virtude de suas características fonológicas, morfossintáticas e semântico-discursivas, o cruzamento vocabular deve ocupar posição de destaque, entre os processos de composição e derivação.
Violência nas escolas públicas brasileiras: uma análise da relação entre o comportamento agressivo dos alunos e o ambiente escolar
Authors: Becker Kalinca Léia ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil, Kassouf Ana Lúcia ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Published: December 2016

Resumo: As agressões interpessoais tem se tornado cada vez mais frequentes nas escolas brasileiras e, além dos danos físicos, podem ter consequências negativas sobre os resultados escolares e sobre a formação social dos alunos. Os indivíduos e as características que compõem o ambiente onde o jovem está inserido podem ter influência sobre o seu comportamento; logo, alunos em escolas com traços de violência podem também se tornar violentos. Diante desse cenário, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar alguns fatores do ambiente escolar que podem levar a ocorrência de um ato agressivo cometido por um aluno na escola. Para isso, foi estimado um modelo logit de efeito fixo, utilizando um painel de dados das escolas observadas na Prova Brasil, nos anos de 2007 e 2009. Os resultados mostraram que a possibilidade de o diretor da escola registrar pelo menos um ato agressivo de um aluno é maior em ambientes escolares com traços da violência, onde ocorreram crimes contra o patrimônio, contra a pessoa, tráfico de drogas ou atuação de gangues. Além disso, a possibilidade de se observar na escola pelo menos uma agressão física cometida por um aluno é 3,54 vezes maior em escolas em que foi observado o mesmo comportamento por parte de um professor. Algumas medidas de gestão escolar podem contribuir para facilitar a socialização dos alunos, como, por exemplo, distribuir as turmas por equivalência de nota ou promover atividades extracurriculares.
Analysis of the distribution of World Bank disbursements in Latin America between 1985 and 2010
Authors: Dias Renato Câmara Nunes ,   USP, Brazil, Saiani Carlos César Santejo , Carvalho Carlos Eduardo , Silva Ana Lúcia Pinto da ,   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brazil,   Pontifícia Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil,   Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Brazil
Published: December 2016

Abstract: This article analyzes the distribution of World Bank disbursements in Latin America and the Caribbean, in the period between 1985 and 2010, among countries and economic sectors. Its objective is to identify tendencies that help understand the criteria that guide WB activities and how these criteria relate to WB's understanding on its declared mission of combating extreme poverty. The article tests the existence of such criteria, with the econometric analysis of disbursements per country in relation to per capita income, poverty, GINI index, population, political regimes, investment, and government expenditure. Disbursements distribution among economic sectors is also analysed in selected timespans. In order to analyse the results, the article uses the criterion of "adherence" among the priorities in resources distribution, countries' indicators and the nature of privileged sectors. The analysis on resources distribution may also contribute to the understanding of how the WB understands the meaning of the guidelines it states.
Associação da ocorrência do ectima contagioso (ORF vírus) em ovinos com os cuidadores desses animais
Authors: Ferreira B.L.S. , Silva D.T. , Pituco E.M. , Ribeiro C.P. , Okuda L.H. , Victoria C. , Pantoja J.C.F. , Modolo J.R.
Published: December 2016

RESUMO A enfermidade ectima contagioso está difundida em todo o estado de São Paulo. Foram amostrados 42 (8,64%) cuidadores de animais e 444 (91,36%) ovinos (n=486). A prevalência de reagentes para vírus-neutralização foi de 67% (IC95%=62-71%) nos ovinos, e em seus cuidadores de 76% (IC95%=63-89%), sendo P=0,22, ou seja, não houve diferença estatística significativa entre as espécies. A distribuição dos títulos teve diferença estatística significativa entre as espécies, com P=0,0048. As variações de titulação foram de 0,6 a 2,1 tanto nos ovinos quanto nos seus cuidadores. Dentre os 42 cuidadores de ovinos participantes do estudo, 32 apresentaram títulos de anticorpos expressos por log10 acima de 0,6.
Adição da proteína específica do oviduto de porcas (pOSP) e da melatonina em meios de maturação e o efeito na clivagem in vitro de embriões suínos
Authors: Kawamoto T.S. , Amorim L.S. , Oliveira L.L. , Shiomi H.H. , Costa E.P. , Guimarães J.D.
Published: December 2016

RESUMO No presente estudo, utilizou-se a melatonina e a proteína específica do oviduto (pOSP) nos meios de maturação in vitro. Foram avaliadas a expansão do complexo cumulus-ovócito (CCOs), as concentrações intracelulares de espécies reativas de oxigênio (ROS) e o desenvolvimento embrionário nos diferentes grupos (C = controle; T1 = somente com melatonina; T2 = com melatonina e pOSP e T3 somente com pOSP). No tocante à expansão do CCOs, houve diferença (P<0,05) dos valores obtidos no grupo C em relação aos valores médios dos grupos T1, T2 e T3, porém não houve diferença entre os valores obtidos nos tratamentos (P>0,05). Na dosagem de ROS, não houve diferença entre os valores médios obtidos no grupo C (26,4±10,9) e o valor verificado no grupo T1 (23,4±7,8), porém no grupo T2 (21,3±9,7) o valor médio mostrou-se satisfatório em relação ao valor do grupo C. No entanto, o valor médio do grupo T3 (16,6±10,5) foi o que demonstrou resultado mais satisfatório quando comparado aos demais grupos (P<0,05). A produção de embriões foi avaliada por meio da taxa de clivagem. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre os valores obtidos entre o grupo C (48,9 %) e os valores verificados nos grupos T1 (51,5 %), T2 (50 %), T3 (57,7 %), nem destes entre si. Este estudo permitiu concluir que a proteína específica do oviduto recombinante e a melatonina foram eficientes em melhorar a expansão dos CCOs. Além disso, as células tratadas com pOSP mostraram-se com menor quantidade de ROS, podendo a pOSP ser considerada um antioxidante proteico.