bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A METHOD OF VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS IN WIRELESS INTERNET OF THINGS NETWORKS FOR SMART CITY INFRASTRUCTURES
Authors: Zhukabayeva Tamara , Karabayev Nurdaulet , Nurusheva Asel , Satybaldina Dina
Published: December 2024

The article proposes an approach to information security vulnerability analysis and threat modeling in wireless Internet of Things networks for Smart City infrastructures. Currently, such infrastructures are becoming increasingly widespread in a variety of Smart City application areas, including industrial life support systems, pipelines, communication networks, and transportation systems. The wide coverage of end users, the critical nature of such infrastructures and the value of their inherent assets determine the increasing importance of solving problems of determining the security level of such infrastructures and the timely application of protective measures. The ultimate goal of the proposed approach is to assess the security of the infrastructure. This article analyses articles at the intersection of the subject area of vulnerability and attack analysis in information systems and networks and the area of Smart City infrastructure issues. The proposed approach includes the use of an analytical model of an intruder which, together with the analysis of the specification of a specific Smart City infrastructure, allows us to determine the current types of attacks. In order to obtain infrastructure security assessments, the CAPEC database of wireless network vulnerabilities and attack patterns is analysed. In this case, the main attributes of the attacks are identified, unified and transformed into a single format using the numerical values of the considered attributes. The feasibility of the proposed approach is also analysed and its main advantages and disadvantages are considered. In addition, the main areas of further activity and tasks related to testing and improving the proposed approach in practice are identified.
Maritime Independent Villages: A Form of Maritime Resilience Through Strengthening the Capacity of Coastal Communities in Ponipingan Village, Central Sulawesi
Authors: TOWADI Mellisa , PAUWENI Apriyanto A.J , T. MANDJO Julius
Published: December 2024

This article aims to disseminate service activities in the form of publications related to strengthening village capacity through waste management as a form of maritime resilience of Ponipingan village which is a coastal area of Bunobogu District, Buol Regency. The implementation of activities is carried out using counseling methods about the concept of the integration system "Desa Mandiri Maritim" or Maritime Independent Village” as a form of maritime resilience and training methods as a form of empowerment to the community. Articles are arranged in a qualitative normative manner based on data and the results of service activities that have been carried out. A series of maritime resilience concepts resulted in an increase in village capacity ranging from the community to the village apparatus.
A Systematic Review: Covid-19 and Expansion of PESTLE Framework: Time to Perceive Health Environment As a Separate Dimension
Authors: VIVEK Ramakrishnan
Published: December 2024

The article explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy, utilising macroeconomic concepts. Further, how organisations worldwide can use the strategic management technique of drawing up a PESTLE analysis to provide focused attention to each factor and macroeconomic party, which ultimately comprises the entire economy, with special attention being focused on the expansion of the environmental factor. The study sought to determine whether healthcare should be considered as a separate dimension under the environmental category in a PESTLE analysis as seen by the effects of the current pandemic and, if so, what the arguments in favour and against were. The methodology was used to gather data from online journals relating to the relevant healthcare ministries, and a comprehensive review was conducted based on existing sources. The scenarios unfolded as the pandemic first broke out, the policies imposed by governments and shortcomings as policymakers were discussed, and the current policies utilised to ensure the brunt of the pandemic did boomerang again were analysed. This research article concludes with the results of the COVID-19 pandemic; healthcare can be considered a separate dimension of the environmental factor in PESTLE analysis, which directly influences the macroeconomy.
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment. A Framework for Urban Planning Practitioners in Ilala District, Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania.
Authors: NYASHILU Issa Musa , KIUNSI Robert Benjamin , KYESSI Alphoce Gabriel
Published: December 2024

Global climate change is a challenge undisputable in the intervening time. The Global South countries are the most vulnerable to global climate change. It is indicated by the prevalence of climate hazards including extreme temperatures leading to urban heat island effects(UHI, prolonged droughts, melting of ice caps, increased extreme weather events such as tropical cyclones, heat waves, urban flooding, sea level rise, and coastal erosion resulting in salty water intrusion into freshwater aquifers. This paper explores a framework for climate change vulnerability assessment in the urban planning process in cities of the Global South. A sample of 95 households was selected purposely for study. Data collection methods involved interviews by structured questionnaires, surveys, focused group discussions, observations, and documentary reviews. Quantitative data analysis was done using a statistical package for social sciences. Qualitative data were analysed by content analysis, narrative analysis, and interpretive phenomenological analysis. Results showed that climate change physical infrastructures, socioeconomic activities and livelihoods and ecosystems were vulnerable to climate change-induced flooding in urban areas. The study concludes that adoption of new urban planning process enhances resilience and sustainable cities and communities in cities of the Global South.
The Effect of Educational Qualifications, Loyalty, and Commitment on Career Development of Tanjung Batu Kundur Hospital Employees Through Work Placement
Authors: SUHAIMI Suhaimi , NAGALIMAN Nagaliman , SARMINI Sarmini
Published: December 2024

Tanjung Batu Hospital Kundur in Karimun Regency faces job placement and career development issues, where many vital positions do not match the required educational qualifications. This mismatch affects work quality, employee loyalty, and commitment. Therefore, research is needed on how educational qualifications, loyalty, and dedication influence career development through job placement. The population is 160, with the sample used as respondents using the Slovin formula. The number of respondents is 114. Data analysis in this study uses SPSS Application software to test the validity and reliability of the research questionnaire and SEM PLS Application to test the model or research results. The measurement results obtained the following: 1. Commitment positively and significantly affects Job Placement (P-value 0.003), 2. Commitment does not positively affect Career Development (P-value 0.254), 3. Educational Qualification positively and substantially affects Job Placement (P-value 0.000), 4. Educational Qualification positively and substantially affects Career Development (P-value 0.004), 5. Loyalty positively and substantially affects Job Placement (P-value 0.000), 6. Loyalty positively and substantially affects Career Development (P-value 0.025), 7. Job Placement positively and substantially affects Career Development (P-value 0.000), 8. Commitment has a positive and significant indirect effect on Career Development through Job Placement (P-value 0.007), 9. Educational Qualification has a positive and significant indirect effect on Career Development through Job Placement (P-value 0.000), 10. Loyalty positively and significantly indirectly affects Career Development through Job Placement (P-value 0.000).
Profit Management Detection During The Enforcement Period Hillization of Mineral and Coal
Authors: WIDIASTUTI Retno , ISROWIYAH Anna , CANDRAWATI Triesti , SETIATI Fita
Published: December 2024

This study examines the earnings management activities carried out by companies during the mineral and coal downstream period. The object of the study is oil, gas, and coal sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2020-2023, with a total population of 284 observations. The sampling technique is purposive sampling, with the results of 200 observations. The data collection method used is documentation. Data analysis in this study by calculating the value of discretionary accruals using the performance-matched discretionary accrual measures calculation method by Kothari et al. (2005). The results showed that all companies carried out earnings management actions. The percentage of companies that carried out earnings management by decreasing income was 54.5%, while the remaining 45.5% did income increase. This condition illustrates that management is still making various efforts to make financial reports look as attractive as stakeholders desire. This research provides input to the government to consider the impact of mineral and coal downstream policies on related industries.
Legitimacy of Entrepreneurs in the Iron Triangle Concept. Which is Prioritized? Price, Quality or Service?
Authors: LARASDIPUTRA Gde Deny , KAWISANA Putu Gede Wisnu Permana , YOGIARTA I Made
Published: December 2024

This study aims to understand how entrepreneurs, especially members of the Indonesian Young Entrepreneurs Association (HIPMI) Denpasar branch, prioritize and balance price, quality, and service factors in running their businesses. Using an interpretive approach and in-depth interview method, this study explores entrepreneurs' experiences and strategies in applying the Iron Triangle Concept to face market competition. The research findings show that the priority of one factor is influenced by market conditions, consumer needs, and the business's position in the growth cycle. Entrepreneurs who prioritize price tend to use competitive strategies to attract consumers, while those who prioritize quality focus on improving the reputation of products or services. On the other hand, superior service is an important factor in building long-term customer loyalty.This study confirms that business success lies in the ability to balance these three factors adaptively according to market dynamics. In addition, these findings provide practical insights for novice entrepreneurs in understanding how to manage the basic elements that are important for building business sustainability and legitimacy. This study contributes to the entrepreneurship literature by offering strategic guidance based on real experiences for entrepreneurs in managing the complexity of competitive markets.
The Roasting Marshmallows Program with IGRINS on Gemini South. II. WASP-121 b has Superstellar C/O and Refractory-to-volatile Ratios
Authors: Smith Peter C. B. , Sanchez Jorge A. , Line Michael R. , Rauscher Emily , Mansfield Megan Weiner , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Savel Arjun , Wardenier Joost P. , Pino Lorenzo , Bean Jacob L. , Beltz Hayley , Panwar Vatsal , Brogi Matteo , Malsky Isaac , Fortney Jonathan , Désert Jean-Michel , Pelletier Stefan , Parmentier Vivien , Kanumalla Sai Krishna Teja , Welbanks Luis , Meyer Michael , Monnier John
Published: December 2024

A primary goal of exoplanet science is to measure the atmospheric composition of gas giants in order to infer their formation and migration histories. Common diagnostics for planet formation are the atmospheric metallicity ([M/H]) and the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio as measured through transit or emission spectroscopy. The C/O ratio in particular can be used to approximately place a planet’s initial formation radius from the stellar host, but a given C/O ratio may not be unique to formation location. This degeneracy can be broken by combining measurements of both the C/O ratio and the atmospheric refractory-to-volatile ratio. We report the measurement of both quantities for the atmosphere of the canonical ultrahot Jupiter WASP-121 b using the high-resolution (R = 45,000) IGRINS instrument on Gemini South. Probing the planet’s direct thermal emission in both pre- and post-secondary eclipse orbital phases, we infer that WASP-121 b has a significantly superstellar C/O ratio of

0.70

−
0.10

+
0.07

and a moderately superstellar refractory-to-volatile ratio at

3.83

−
1.67

+
3.62

×

stellar. This combination is most consistent with formation between the soot line and H2O snow line, but we cannot rule out formation between the H2O and CO snow lines or beyond the CO snow line. We also measure velocity offsets between H2O, CO, and OH, potentially an effect of chemical inhomogeneity on the planet dayside. This study highlights the ability to measure both C/O and refractory-to-volatile ratios via high-resolution spectroscopy in the near-IR H and K bands.
A Global Perspective with Updated Constraints on the Ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-19b: Atmospheric Properties and Stellar Activity
Authors: Tumborang Abigail A. , Spake Jessica J. , Knutson Heather A. , Weiner Mansfield Megan , Paragas Kimberly , Edwards Billy , Kataria Tiffany , Evans-Soma Thomas M. , Lewis Nikole K. , Ballester Gilda E.
Published: December 2024

We present a detailed reanalysis of the atmospheric properties of WASP-19b, an ultra-hot Jupiter (1.14 M
Jup, 1.41 R
Jup) orbiting an active Sun-like star every 0.79 day. We reanalyze a transit and secondary eclipse of WASP-19b observed by the Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field Camera 3 spectrograph (1.1–1.7 μm). When combined with Spitzer photometry at longer wavelengths, our analyses indicate the presence of water absorption features in both the planet's transmission and emission spectra, consistent with results from previously published studies. We jointly fit WASP-19b’s dayside emission and transmission spectra with a retrieval model in order to constrain its atmospheric composition, and explore the effect of stellar activity on its transmission spectrum in greater depth. We also compare our dayside emission spectrum to predictions from a general circulation model, and conclude that magnetic drag appears to be relatively unimportant in shaping WASP-19b’s atmospheric circulation. Lastly, we compare the size of WASP-19b’s dayside water absorption feature to the population of hot Jupiters with similar measurements, and show that it is located in the transitional irradiation regime where temperature inversions first begin to emerge. As in previous studies, we find that the current observations provide relatively weak constraints on this planet’s atmospheric properties. These constraints could be significantly improved by the addition of spectroscopically resolved observations at longer wavelengths with JWST/NIRSpec PRISM.
Signature of Vertical Mixing in Hydrogen-dominated Exoplanet Atmospheres
Authors: Soni Vikas , Acharyya Kinsuk
Published: December 2024

Vertical mixing is a crucial disequilibrium process in exoplanet atmospheres, significantly impacting chemical abundance and observed spectra. While current state-of-the-art observations have detected its signatures, the effect of vertical mixing on atmospheric spectra varies widely based on planetary parameters. In this study, we explore the influence of disequilibrium chemistry across a parameter space that includes eddy diffusion, surface gravity, internal and equilibrium temperature, and metallicity. We also assess the effectiveness of retrieval models in constraining the eddy diffusion coefficient. By running numerous 1D chemical kinetics models, we investigate the impact of vertical mixing on the transmission spectrum. We also built a custom fast-forward disequilibrium model, which includes vertical mixing using the quenching approximation and calculates the model abundance orders of magnitude faster than the chemical kinetics model. We coupled this forward model with an open-source atmospheric retrieval code, used it on the JWST simulated output data of our chemical kinetics model, and retrieved eddy diffusion coefficient, internal temperature, and atmospheric metallicity. We find that there is a narrow region in the parameter space in which vertical mixing has a large effect on the atmospheric transmission spectrum. In this region of the parameter space, the retrieval model can put high constraints on the transport strength and provide optimal exoplanets to study vertical mixing. In addition, the NH3 abundance can be used to constrain the internal temperature for equilibrium temperature T
equi > 1400 K.
MAGAZ3NE: Massive, Extremely Dusty Galaxies at z ∼ 2 Lead to Photometric Overestimation of Number Densities of the Most Massive Galaxies at 3 < z < 4*
Authors: Forrest Ben , Cooper M. C. , Muzzin Adam , Wilson Gillian , Marchesini Danilo , McConachie Ian , Gomez Percy , Annunziatella Marianna , Marsan Z. Cemile , Braspenning Joey , Chang Wenjun , de Lucia Gabriella , Fontanot Fabio , Hirschmann Michaela , Nelson Dylan , Pillepich Annalisa , Schaye Joop , Urbano Stawinski Stephanie M. , Stefanon Mauro , Xie Lizhi
Published: December 2024

We present rest-frame optical spectra from Keck/MOSFIRE and Keck/NIRES of 16 candidate ultramassive galaxies targeted as part of the Massive Ancient Galaxies at z > 3 Near-Infrared Survey (MAGAZ3NE). These candidates were selected to have photometric redshifts 3 ≲ z
phot <4, photometric stellar masses

log

(

M

∗

/

M

⊙

)

> 11.7, and well-sampled photometric spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from the UltraVISTA and VIDEO surveys. In contrast to previous spectroscopic observations of blue star-forming and poststarburst ultramassive galaxies, candidates in this sample have very red SEDs implying significant dust attenuation, old stellar ages, and/or active galactic nuclei (AGN). Of these galaxies, eight are revealed to be heavily dust-obscured 2.0 < z < 2.7 galaxies with strong emission lines, some showing broad features indicative of AGN, three are Type I AGN hosts at z > 3, one is a z ∼ 1.2 dusty galaxy, and four galaxies do not have a confirmed spectroscopic redshift. In fact, none of the sample has ∣z
spec − z
phot∣ < 0.5, suggesting difficulties for photometric redshift programs in fitting similarly red SEDs. The prevalence of these red interloper galaxies suggests that the number densities of high-mass galaxies are overestimated at z ≳ 3 in large photometric surveys, helping to resolve the “impossibly early galaxy problem” and leading to much better agreement with cosmological galaxy simulations. A more complete spectroscopic survey of ultramassive galaxies is required to pin down the uncertainties on their number densities in the early Universe.
Double-lined Spectroscopic Binaries from the LAMOST Low-resolution Survey
Authors: Liu Junhui , Zhang Bo , Wu Jianfeng , Ting Yuan-Sen
Published: December 2024

We report on a data-driven spectral model that we have developed for the identification of double-lined spectroscopic binary stars (SB2s) in the Large Sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope low-resolution survey (R ∼ 1800). Employing simultaneous fitting with both single-star and binary-star models, we detected over 4800 SB2 candidates, where both components are detectably contributing to the spectrum, from an initial pool of 2.6 million objects. Tests show that our model favors FGK-type main-sequence binaries with high mass ratio (q ≥ 0.7) and large radial velocity (RV) separation (ΔRV ≥ 100 km s−1). Almost all of these candidates are positioned above the main sequence in the color–magnitude diagram, indicating their binary nature. Additionally, we utilized various observational data, including spectroscopy, photometry, parallax, and extinction, to determine multiple physical parameters such as the effective temperature, age, metallicity, RV, mass, mass ratio, stellar radius, along with their associated uncertainties for these SB2 candidates. For the 44 candidates with seven or more observational epochs, we provide complete orbital solutions. We make available catalogs containing various stellar parameters for identified SB2 systems.
An Empirical Sample of Spectra of M-type Stars with Homogeneous Atmospheric-parameter Labels
Authors: Du Bing , Luo A-Li , Wang Song , Li Yinbi , Qu Cai-Xia , Kong Xiao , Guo Yan-xin , Song Yi-han , Zuo Fang
Published: December 2024

The discrepancies between theoretical and observed spectra, and the systematic differences between various spectroscopic parameter estimates, complicate the determination of atmospheric parameters of M-type stars. In this work, we present an empirical sample of 5105 M-type star spectra with homogeneous atmospheric parameter labels through stellar-label transfer and sample cleaning. We addressed systematic discrepancies in spectroscopic parameter estimates by adopting recent results for Gaia EDR3 stars as a reference standard. Then, we used a density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise to remove unreliable samples in each subgrid of parameters. To confirm the reliability of the stellar labels, a five-layer neural network was utilized, randomly partitioning the samples into training and testing sets. The standard deviations between the predicted and actual values in the testing set are 14 K for T
eff, 0.06 dex for logg, and 0.05 dex for [M/H], respectively. In addition, we conducted an internal cross validation to enhance validation and obtained precisions of 11 K, 0.05 dex, and 0.05 dex for T
eff, logg, and [M/H], respectively. A grid of 1365 high-signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) spectra and their labels, selected from the empirical sample, was utilized in the stellar parameter pipeline for M-type stars of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST), producing an almost seamless Kiel distribution diagram for LAMOST DR10 and DR11 data. The atmospheric parameters for M-type stars from LAMOST DR11 show improved precision compared to the data from DR9, with improvements (for spectra with S/N higher than 10) from 118 to 67 K in T
eff, 0.2 to 0.07 dex in logg, and 0.29 to 0.14 dex in [M/H].
Characterization of the Dust and Sodium Tails of Comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) from Parker Solar Probe and Amateur Observations
Authors: Afghan Qasim , Jones Geraint H. , Battams Karl , Price Oliver , Coates Andrew J.
Published: December 2024

Comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) reached perihelion on 2020 July 3 at 0.29 au and exhibited a highly structured dust tail. Using a simplified Finson–Probstein model, structures such as striae, observed in the tail in images obtained by the Parker Solar Probe spacecraft and amateur observers, are characterized in this work and parameterized in terms of dust ejection dates and dust β values. Other dust tail features are syndynic bands: bright, curved regions of the dust tail that lie within constant values of dust β. This study is the first in-depth analysis of these structures. Analysis revealed that the dust β distribution in the tail was approximately bimodal, corresponding to the two syndynic bands observed in the tail. The region between these bands, bounded by the β = 0.82 ± 0.02 and β = 1.20 ± 0.02 syndynes, appeared to have a reduced dust population, suggesting that dust grains of these β values were produced at a much lower rate. The alignments of the striae in the tail were measured and compared to the interleaved striae seen in C/2006 P1. C/2020 F3 was found to have no interleaved striae, which is possibly due to the timing of the comet’s heliospheric current sheet crossing, not coinciding with, the main period of dust ejection.
Evaporation and the difference between precipitation and evaporation in Bulgaria
Authors: Nojarov Peter
Published: December 2024

This study examines the total evaporation and precipitation-evaporation difference in Bulgaria. Data from ERA5-Land reanalysis for the period 1979–2023 were processed using statistical methods. The results show that the main factors for evaporation in Bulgaria are air temperature and precipitation. Evaporation has a positive trend due to the rise in air temperature. This trend is significant only in mountainous regions, which are well-supplied with water. Evaporation is somewhat limited in the other parts of the country because of the water deficits in the warm part of the year. Precipitation is a possible source of water for the earth’s surface, but there has been only an insignificant increase in it in recent decades. Precipitation-evaporation difference remains relatively unchanged during the studied period, which is a favorable trend, as there is no increase in the water deficit in Bulgaria on an annual basis. In addition, most of the country has positive values in terms of the average annual values of precipitation-vaporation difference. However, there is a need to introduce monitoring of actual evaporation, because this study has shown that different calculation methods give different results, which is a significant problem in determining how much precipitation remains in a given area. The exact values of this indicator are extremely important for various sectors of the economy such as agriculture, water supply and sewage, transport, energy, etc.
Cladopus yangjiangensis (Podostemaceae), a new species from Guangdong, South China, redefining the phylogenetic relationships within Cladopus
Authors: Zhang Miao , Liu Xiu-Ting , Tian Min , Chen Zhang-Xue , Huang Ying-Lin , Chen Guo-Di , Chen Bing-Hua
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces Cladopus yangjiangensis, a newly identified species that enriches our understanding of the diversity of the Podostemaceae in East Asia. Distinctive in its morphological traits, this species is characterized by the region’s longest flowering shoots and exhibits a high number of elongated leaves per cluster, along with relatively slender roots. Phylogenetic analyses using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods on plastome and matK sequences confirm C. yangjiangensis as a distinct species. It forms a clade with C. fukienensis, its closest relative, together branching off from C. austrosinensis. The plastome of C. yangjiangensis is 132,818 bp in length, comprising two inverted repeat regions of 20,881 bp, which are separated by large and small single-copy regions of 78,713 and 12,343 bp, respectively. Genetic analysis reveals the extensive loss of the ycf1 and ycf2 genes in the chloroplast genome, a trait common to the Podostemaceae, suggesting adaptations to environmental conditions or gene transfers to nuclear or mitochondrial genomes. This study improves the clarity of phylogenetic relationships in previous studies and underscores the importance of continued taxonomic and phylogenetic research.
L’approche par compétences dans la réforme du Bachelor Universitaire de Technologie : fondements théoriques et pratiques, à l’heure des cartes de compétences en français professionnel
Authors: Mourlhon-Dallies Florence
Published: December 2024

La réforme du Bachelor Universitaire de Technologie en France met en avant l’approche par compétences, à un moment où cette approche est déjà prédominante dans de nombreuses disciplines relevant de l’éducation et de la formation. Les textes officiels précisent les attendus en se positionnant de manière originale, notamment dans la définition des Situations d’Apprentissage et d’Évaluation. Ce cadre institutionnel rend possible l’utilisation des cartes de compétences conçues dans le champ de la didactique des langues à l’origine pour enseigner le français à visée professionnelle. En effet ces cartes de compétences ont été conçues pour faire comprendre les enjeux des situations de travail en lien avec les échanges oraux, écrits et électroniques quel que soit le domaine de spécialisation ou le métier. Cela correspond aux attentes des enseignants qui interviennent auprès des jeunes publics des Instituts Universitaires de Technologie.
Centre(s) de Langues, Centre(s) de Ressources en Langues : quelles réalités se cachent derrière les termes / quels liens entre ces réalités ?
Authors: Chateau Anne
Published: December 2024

Les termes « Centre de Langues » (CL) et « Centre de Ressources en Langues » (CRL) sont utilisés depuis environ une cinquantaine d’années. Une analyse rapide de leurs utilisations dans quelques-unes des publications qui leur ont été consacrées semble néanmoins indiquer qu’ils recouvrent plusieurs réalités. Ainsi, le site de Ranacles (Rassemblement National des Centres de Langues de l’Enseignement Supérieur) indique que l’association regroupe une soixantaine de « structures adhérentes, telles que des universités, des UFR ou Départements, des IUT, des Grandes Écoles, etc1 » Cette énumération des adhérents témoigne de leur diversité, comme Cazade le mentionnait déjà en 2003. L’ouvrage consacré au passé, présent et futur des CL, édité par Kronenberg en 2017, indique qu’il n’est pas plus aisé de définir ces concepts en anglais. Les résultats d’une enquête menée au printemps 2022 auprès des adhérents de CercleS (Confédération Européenne des Centres de Langues de l’Enseignement Supérieur) permettent dans cet article de faire le point sur les réalités se cachant derrière ces termes et d’appréhender les liens qui les unissent.
Sentiment de progression en (e‑)tandem : quelques pratiques favorisant l’apparition de ce sentiment
Authors: Hussard-Wang Jinjing
Published: December 2024

Face à la demande grandissante des utilisateurs des centres de ressources en langues (CRL) pour apprendre en tandem ou e‑tandem, nous nous posons les questions suivantes : quelles compétences les apprenants développent-ils dans ce type d’interaction ? Quels sont les facteurs qui influencent le sentiment de progression langagière dans cette situation d’apprentissage ? Avec ces interrogations, nous avons mené une recherche par le biais d’un questionnaire. Les résultats montrent que les apprenants de tous les niveaux peuvent potentiellement développer des compétences linguistiques et le sentiment de progression en langue cible. Les facteurs qui influencent ce sentiment sont multiples, par exemple la qualité de l’interaction, l’aide du partenaire pendant les échanges ou encore la tenue d’un carnet de bord d’apprentissage. À partir de ces constats, nous avons essayé de proposer quelques pistes d’amélioration possibles pour mieux accompagner les futurs apprenants en tandem et e‑tandem.
Black Metropolis
Authors: Drake St. Clair , Cayton Horace R.
Published: December 2024

Les sociologues africains-américains St. Clair Drake et Horace R. Cayton nous invitent à explorer, au cœur de Chicago, les quartiers de Black Metropolis, la plus importante métropole noire étatsunienne après Harlem, et nous en révèlent la double face : ghetto surpeuplé, résultat de la pratique dite des “clauses restrictives” empêchant la mixité résidentielle, mais aussi ville dans la ville, puisque s’y sont développées de nombreuses institutions, une vie sociale, culturelle et religieuse intense, des écoles, une presse influente, une activité économique formelle et informelle prospère, gagnant ainsi le surnom de Bronzeville. Black Metropolis. Une ville dans la ville.Chicago 1914-1945 décrit la singularité de cette minorité urbaine. La discrimination raciale et donc les combats des Africains-Américains tout au long de l’histoire de la ville, leur capacité d’action collective et individuelle pour la conquête de leurs droits et la reconnaissance de leur place pleine et entière dans cette société y sont présentés dans leur vivacité. Cet ouvrage, fruit d’une vaste enquête collective menée dans la période du New Deal, s’est imposé comme une référence de l’école de Chicago et a contribué à fonder les Black Studies dans les universités américaines. Richard Wright, l’écrivain africain-américain le plus célèbre de l’époque, signe la préface de l’édition originale de 1945, prolongeant la force de l’écriture de cette monographie exceptionnelle, capable tout à la fois d’émouvoir et de faire réfléchir sur ces sujets cruciaux où race, classe et genre se conjuguent. Black Metropolis, devenu un classique de la socio-anthropologie urbaine, tant pour les spécialistes que pour un public plus large, est ici traduit en français pour la première fois près de quatre-vingts ans après sa publication aux États-Unis. Un cahier iconographique inédit complète la traduction française.
Ethnographie photographique des déchets à Bamako et à Dakar : retour sur un protocole d’enquête
Authors: Diatta Patrice
Published: December 2024

L’analyse des problèmes publics se concentre souvent sur les groupes d’acteurs plus ou moins organisés qui dominent les dynamiques de problématisation et de mise en politique d’enjeux donnés. A la suite de nombreux travaux en sciences sociales utilisant la photographie comme technique d’enquête qualitative combinée aux méthodes d’entretien et d’observation, l’approche de l’ethnographie photographique développée ici propose un regard complémentaire, attentif aux expériences des problèmes publics, vécues dans l’ombre par des populations moins mises en avant dans la littérature. Elle est basée sur des enquêtes, dans deux banlieues populaires, à Bamako (Mali) et à Dakar (Sénégal), menées auprès d’habitants, de professionnels, d’élus et de militants locaux sur les problèmes relatifs à la gestion des déchets ménagers, devenue un « problème public » officiel. J’ai donc pris l’option d’impliquer les enquêtés dans la production et dans l’interprétation des photos prises sur ce thème. Le matériau recueilli met en lumière notamment les interprétations et les stratégies différenciées des personnes rencontrées à l’égard de la situation problématique des déchets ménagers, et l’influence des saisons ou des configurations socio-territoriales dans leurs perceptions des problèmes. Il confirme ainsi la portée heuristique de la démarche photographique choisie, à condition de prendre certaines précautions.
Research as exhibition and exhibition as research: The curatorial process of “Asian youth in public spaces”
Authors: Nguyen Van Minh
Published: December 2024

This article examines the challenges encountered and insights gained in the curatorial process of ‘Asian youth in public spaces’ (2021), a photography exhibition based on the project GENEsYs (ULB). More specifically, I engage in a blend of reflective practice and retrospective theorising concerning the curation and circulation of the exhibition. Firstly, I delve into the challenges of managing and arranging the curated materials, a heterogeneous group of 41 photographs taken by researchers with different disciplinary backgrounds. Theoretical and ethical dilemmas arose during the process, requiring careful negotiation to ensure that the exhibition served as a platform for critical engagement rather than perpetuating harmful stereotypes or misunderstandings. Secondly, I explore two aspects of curatorial inquiry that emerged as the exhibition travelled to various institutions, namely “curatorship as research” and “exhibitions as research”. Shown to different academic communities, ‘Asian youth in public spaces’ served as a dynamic platform for discussion and debate, generating a “research surplus” also due to the events that surrounded its circulation. This article aims to shed light on the intricacies involved in both curating and disseminating the exhibition, underscoring its capacity as a space for critical examination and intellectual interaction.
Du lyrisme au lecteur : le désir de contemporanéité chez João Cabral et Ana Cristina Cesar
Authors: Siscar Marcos
Published: December 2024

Cet article propose une lecture des essais de João Cabral de Melo Neto, en particulier « Poesia e composição », en mettant en avant les concepts de « norme » et de « lecteur ». Il s'agit de comprendre que la notion d'objectivité compositionnelle implique un souci politique lié à la nature critique de la poésie. La relecture de certains de ces éléments par Ana Cristina Cesar suggère que le débat sur le lyrisme a servi à expliciter les tâches que la poésie post-avant-garde s’est assignées au Brésil pour redéfinir son rôle historique.
Les factions façonnent le futur : causes, formes et impacts de la propagation d’organisations criminelles en Amazonie
Authors: Schönenberg Regine
Published: December 2024

Les États, départements ou provinces d’Amazonie se sont toujours trouvés aux marges de leur État-nation en termes d’intégration juridique et institutionnelle. Lorsque les institutions et les lois arrivent jusqu’à ces confins, les premières sont généralement très faibles et les secondes inadéquates pour répondre aux problèmes locaux. Toutes deux ont en commun de ne pas reposer sur des formes locales de représentation. Au fil des siècles, cette situation a généré de nombreuses tensions entre les structures de pouvoir locales et nationales, la légitimité l’emportant généralement sur la légalité. Les réseaux d’échanges sociaux reflètent ces décisions fluctuantes et englobent également les activités illégales locales. Alors que les routes transnationales du trafic de cocaïne, intégrées aux routes du commerce local, traversent l’Amazonie depuis des décennies, des factions du sud du Brésil (Comando Vermelho, CV [Commando rouge], Primeiro Comando da Capital, PCC [Premier commando de la capitale]) ont récemment mis la main sur la gestion des activités commerciales illégales. Je m’intéresse aux causes, formes et impacts de la propagation en Amazonie d’organisations criminelles consolidées, généralement appelées factions. Quelles sont les relations entre ces factions, l’appareil de sécurité et les structures traditionnelles prédominantes de pouvoir ? Comment l’État et la société répondent-ils aux prises de contrôle territoriales ? Les factions ont-elles la capacité d’intimider des institutions étatiques amazoniennes déjà faibles et d’entraver davantage la gouvernance environnementale, en soutenant des programmes de gouvernance criminelle ? À partir d’une analyse approfondie de la littérature sur le sujet et d’entretiens qualitatifs, je conclus qu’en raison de leur forte évolution organisationnelle, les factions constituent une menace imprévisible pour les arrangements de pouvoir qui les ont précédés et, par conséquent, pour tout type de gouvernance.
Lecture Discourse and the Study of Languages for Specific Academic Purposes: What Makes a Good Model Text?
Authors: Nesi Hilary
Published: December 2024

This paper examines some of the similarities and differences between authentic lectures and “infotainment” genres, especially TED talks, in terms of their structure and communicative purposes. It draws attention to some of the effects of culture on spoken academic discourse, and argues that delivery style is affected by audience expectations and local and institutional culture. Transferring from one delivery style to another can cause problems for learners, who might not understand or appreciate the speakers’ intentions or their use of specific cultural references. Teachers of languages for specific academic purposes must choose listening resources that reflect not only the disciplines and topics that are relevant to their learners, but also the cultural environments that they are most likely to encounter, helping them to negotiate the problematic aspects of unfamiliar lecturing styles.
The Virtual Environmental Challenge: Language for Specific Purposes Teaching and Learning in an International Context
Authors: Moore Michael , Evain Christine , Hawkridge Spencer
Published: December 2024

The “Virtual Environmental Challenge” (VEC) project, an international virtual exchange (VE) experiment in language for specific purposes (LSP) teaching, emerged during COVID‑19 restrictions to educate masters-level language teachers-in-training at Rennes 2 Université, France. Focused on ecolinguistics and the UN’s 2030 Agenda language, it engaged first‑year master's students as “teamchers” guiding international participants, while second-year students played “mentors.” Beyond COVID‑19, the VEC, resembling challenge-based learning, allowed students to make progress in LSP acquisition. An assessment revealed participants’ acquisition of specialist language, academic advancement, and the project’s alignment with internationalisation at home policies (Evain & Chusseau, 2021; Gallagher & Savage, 2020; O'Dowd, 2018). The VEC, featuring VE LSP teaching, fostered peer tutoring, digital literacy, communication, and interdisciplinary skills. The “learning by doing” approach enhanced commitment, motivating students to explore new LSP topics in future editions.
The Digital Circular Economy in India
Authors: Sadanand Vijay Kumar
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the concept of the Digital Circular Economy (DCE) in India, emphasizing its potential to foster sustainability amidst rapid industrialization and environmental challenges. By blending circular economy principles with digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain, the DCE presents innovative pathways for resource efficiency and waste reduction. The chapter discusses the current state of the DCE in India, highlighting significant advancements and challenges, particularly in infrastructure and technology adoption. It reviews the existing literature, identifies key research gaps, and outlines the necessity for tailored policies to support the DCE's implementation. The study aims to provide actionable insights and recommendations for advancing India's DCE, aligning it with global sustainability goals and fostering economic growth.
Digital Transformation in the Sports Industry
Authors: Kaur Dilpreet , Ahsan Mohammad , Gill Gurcharan Singh
Published: December 2024

The convergence of digital transformation and circular economy is reshaping the sports industry, offering innovative pathways for sustainable development. By leveraging IoT, AI, blockchain, and advanced data analytics, stakeholders can optimize equipment lifecycle management and infrastructure efficiency, minimizing waste and maximizing resource reuse. From smart stadiums to eco-friendly gear, digital advancements are revolutionizing both manufacturing and operational practices, fostering a circular ecosystem. This chapter explores the pivotal role of technology in driving the shift towards a sustainable, resilient sports landscape, supported by emerging trends, case studies, and actionable frameworks for industry-wide implementation.
The Rise of Product-as-a-Service Models in the Digital Era
Authors: Ingle Meenakshi , Khati Karan , Dahiya Kavita
Published: December 2024

This chapter delves into the rise of Product-as-a-Service (PaaS) models in the digital age and their pivotal role in fostering circular innovation. As environmental concerns and resource scarcity grow, businesses rethink traditional ownership-based models. PaaS emphasizes access over ownership, allowing companies to retain control of products while offering usage-based services. This transition, enabled by digital technologies such as IoT, AI, and big data, extends product lifecycles, enhances resource efficiency, and minimizes waste. This chapter demonstrates how PaaS can drive sustainable business models and circular economies by examining sectoral applications and real-world case studies.
A Critical Understanding of the Application of Circular Economy Concepts in Optimizing Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Authors: Reepu
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Due to the pandemic and the protracted impact of COVID-19, the global economy has been subjected to tremendous damage and uncertainty, which has prompted governments to employ a variety of policies to encourage economic recovery consistently. Methods: This research has used only qualitative methods. It aims to understand the overall application of circular economy concepts in optimizing sustainable supply chain management. Findings: This conceptual paper provides critical insights into the circular economy concepts used to optimize sustainable supply chain management. Implications: Due to the great appeal of the circular economy as an alternative to the conventional manufacturing paradigm, researchers have been doing in-depth research on the topic. Modifying the manufacturing system results in additional logistical demands for resources, waste, product distribution, and recovery.
Circular Supply Chains
Authors: Sharma Tushar , Singh Ankita , Sutrave Yash , Azhar Mohd
Published: December 2024

Enhancing traceability through digital tools is crucial for ensuring transparency, reducing waste, and fostering consumer trust. This chapter explores the significance of digital tools in enhancing traceability within circular supply chains, addressing the challenges and opportunities that arise in this evolving landscape. Despite the previous contribution, gaps remain in understanding the practical applications of these technologies across various industries and their impact on overall sustainability. This chapter employs a qualitative methodology, focusing on case studies from diverse sectors such as manufacturing, retail, and logistics. By analyzing real-world implementations of digital tools for traceability in circular supply chains, this chapter aims to identify best practices, challenges faced by organizations, and the measurable outcomes achieved through these initiatives.
The Role of Circular Economy in Mitigating Climate Change
Authors: Chand Khem , Ratra Subah
Published: December 2024

The intersection of circular economy (CE) and climate change mitigation is becoming increasingly vital as global economies seek pathways to decarbonize and achieve sustainable development. This chapter critically examines how CE principles—reduce, reuse, recycle—directly contribute to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and curbing resource extraction, thereby alleviating environmental degradation. Through detailed analysis of key sectors such as manufacturing, energy, and waste management, the chapter underscores how CE can lead to a paradigm shift in combating climate change. It further explores the role of digitalization, innovative business models, and regulatory frameworks in facilitating this transition, while identifying the challenges in scaling CE strategies globally. The chapter concludes with actionable recommendations for policymakers, businesses, and researchers to leverage CE as a tool for climate resilience.
Cheesy Celebrations
Authors: Kambanor Chaitanya D. , Muralidharan Srishti
Published: December 2024

This chapter provides an extensive exploration of cheese festivals and related events worldwide, examining their evolution, cultural significance, and regional variations. Beginning with a historical background, the chapter delves into the emergence and growth of cheese festivals as celebrated cultural phenomena. It highlights prominent international cheese festivals such as the Bra Cheese Festival and Mondial du Fromage, alongside regional events like the South Africa Cheese Festival and the Oregon Cheese Festival. Through a comprehensive analysis, the authors identify common challenges faced by organizers and offer practical solutions for better organization. This chapter serves as a valuable resource for cheese enthusiasts, event planners, and researchers interested in the vibrant world of cheese tourism.
An Economic Analysis of Cheese Production in India
Authors: Sivasubramanian K.
Published: December 2024

The cheese industry is an evolving sector in the field of dairy production. It generates a sizable employment opportunities and income to the rural households. The use of cheese in the Indian food practice encourages its production and supply into all the market. The consistent increase in the consumption of cheese through various food items enables the business value of cheese market in India. Now a days, the consumption of cheese is an integral part of cooking in the Indian kitchen and restaurants. This chapter aims to analyse the economic implications, contributions, nutritional significance of the cheese in India.