Comparison of outcomes of chronic kidney disease based on etiology: a prospective cohort study from KNOW-CKD
Authors: Ryu Hyunjin , Hong Yeji , Kang Eunjeong , Kang Minjung , Kim Jayoun , Park Hayne Cho , Oh Yun Kyu , Chin Ho Jun , Park Sue K. , Jung Ji Yong , Hyun Young Youl , Sung Su Ah , Ahn Curie , Oh Kook-Hwan ,   KNOW-CKD Study Group,   Patient Recruitment, Ahn Curie , Oh Kook-Hwan , Lee Hajeong , Han Seung Seok , Ryu Hyunjin , Kang Eunjeong , Kang Minjung , Ko Youngok , So Jeongok , Lee Aram , Chae Dong Wan , Yi Yong Jin , Cho Hyun Jin , Oh Jung Eun , Choi Kyu Hun , Han Seung Hyeok , Yoo Tae-Hyun , Yu Mi Hyun , Lee Kyu-Beck , Hyun Young Youl , Kim Hyun Jung , Kim Yong-Soo , Kim Sol Ji , Chung Wookyung , Jung Ji Yong , Jin Kwon Eun , Sung Su Ah , Lee Sung Woo , Min Hyang Ki , Kwon Soon Bin , Kim Soo Wan , Ma Seong Kwon , Bae Eun Hui , Kim Chang Seong , Choi Hong Sang , Kim Minah , Oh Tae Ryom , Suh Sang Heon , Song Su Hyun , Lee Se Jeong , Kim Yeong Hoon , Kang Sun Woo , Koo Hoseok , Kim Tae Hee , Kim Yun Mi , Oh Young Eun , Seong Eun Young , Song Sang Heon , Han Miyeun , Kim Hyo Jin , Ji Seunghee , Chang Tae Ik , Kang Ea Wha , Park Kyoung Sook , Choi Aei Kyung , Koo Ja-Ryong , Seo Jang-Won , Choi Sun Ryoung , Baek Seon Ha , Kim Myung Sun , Oh Yun Kyu , Park Jeong Mi ,   Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Park Byung-Joo , Park Sue K. , Lee Joongyub , Ahn Choonghyun , Kim Kyungsik ,   Data Coordinating Center, Kim Jayoun , Nam Dayeon , Kang Soohee , Lee Juhee , Ahn Heejung ,   Central Laboratory, Seo Dong Hee , Kim Soyoung ,   Biobank, Biobank Korea , Park Ok , Kim Il Yoel , Kang Sung Hyun , Kim Kyoung Hwa 
Published: March 2023

The causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects its outcomes. However, the relative risks for adverse outcomes according to specific causes of CKD is not well established. In a prospective cohort study from KNOW-CKD, a cohort was analyzed using overlap propensity score weighting methods. Patients were grouped into four categories according to the cause of CKD: glomerulonephritis (GN), diabetic nephropathy (DN), hypertensive nephropathy (HTN), or polycystic kidney disease (PKD). From a total of 2070 patients, the hazard ratio of kidney failure, the composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, and the slope of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline according to the cause of CKD were compared between causative groups in a pairwise manner. There were 565 cases of kidney failure and 259 cases of composite CVD and death over 6.0 years of follow-up. Patients with PKD had a significantly increased risk for kidney failure compared to those with GN [Hazard ratio (HR) 1.82], HTN (HR 2.23), and DN (HR 1.73). For the composite outcome of CVD and death, the DN group had increased risks compared to the GN (HR 2.07), and HTN (HR 1.73) groups but not to the PKD group. The adjusted annual eGFR change for the DN and PKD groups were − 3.07 and − 3.37 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year, respectively, and all of these values were significantly different than those of the GN and HTN groups (− 2.16 and − 1.42 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year, respectively). In summary, the risk of kidney disease progression was relatively higher in patients with PKD compared to other causes of CKD. However, the composite of CVD and death was relatively higher in patients with DN-related CKD than in those with GN- and HTN-related CKD.