bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subjective assessment of vision quality by patients over 35 after excimer laser and orthokeratological correction of myopia according to a survey
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Sengaeva M. D. , Tarutta E. P. , Khodzhabekyan N. V. , Khandzhyan A. T. , Ivanova A. V. , Letnikova K. B. , Sklyarova A. S.
Published: July 2022

Purpose:  to analyze the results of a survey aimed at assessing the patients’satisfaction with the results of excimer laser or orthokeratological correction of myopia.  

   Materials and methods.  135 patients aged 35 to 50 took part in a satisfaction survey: 105 after excimer laser and 30 after orthokeratological correction of myopia. Excimer laser surgery was performed with planned binocular hypocorrection within -0.75 — 1.5 D depending on age. To participate in the survey, the patients signed a preliminary consent. The questionnaire asked for age, gender, occupation, self-assessment of visual functions under a variety of conditions (vision at dusk, at close distance, at far distance, while driving a vehicle, etc.), self-assessment of satisfaction with the result. The questionnaire required to answer 15 questions on a multiplechoice basis.

   Results. Over 50 % of the patients have no difficulty working at close distance, at far distance, or when driving a vehicle, and do not restrict themselves in professional or everyday activities. More than 90 % of the patients would recommend excimer laser correction in binocular format with a planned hypo effect or orthokeratological correction to others. 125 out of 135 patients gave the maximum satisfaction score points.

   Conclusion:  excimer laser correction of myopia with a planned hypoeffect in binocular format and orthokeratological correction can be recommended for patients over 35.
Long-term survival of uveal melanoma patients with respect to clinical, hemodynamic and morphological characteristics of the tumor
Authors: Saakyan S. V. , Amiryan A. G. , Tsygankov A. Yu. , Khlgatyan M. R.
Published: July 2022

Purpose. Evaluation of long-term results of uveal melanoma (UM) treatment in patients depending on clinical, hemodynamic and morphological parameters of the tumor.

   Material and methods. Long-term results of treatment were analyzed in 394 UM patients aged 17 to 82 (mean age 53.1 ± 13.2). The median follow-up was 56 months. Group A (n = 242, organ-preserving treatment) consisted of patients with a tumor height of 5.0 ± 1.8 mm and base diameter of 12.7 ± 2.9 mm. Group B (n = 152, enucleation) included patients with 8.3 ± 2.8 mm tumor height and 15.2 ± 4.1 mm base diameter. Overall survival and disease-dependent survival were determined.

   Results. The cumulative 3-, 5-, and 7-year survival rates of patients with choroidal melanoma were 91.6 ± 1.7, 84.0 ± 2.5, 74.0 ± 3.8 % , and those with ciliochoroidal melanoma were 84.2 ± 5.6, 79.9 ± 5.8, and 53.0 ± 14.7 %, respectively (p = 0.048). In group A, the 5-year survival rates of patients with mushroom-shaped and irregular forms were 80.6 ± 5.9 and 74.6 ± 10.9 %, respectively, and 96.0 ± 2.0 % for dome-shaped UM. The worst 5-year survival rates were shown by patients with tumor stabilization, and the best ones, by patients with complete tumor resorption (x2 = 6.880, p = 0.008). Patients with post-radiation optical neuropathy (n = 193) had better 5-year survival rates (90.3 ± 2.9 %) than patients (n = 49) without neuropathy (77.5 ± 8.0 %). In group B, cumulative 1-year survival was 95.2 ± 1.9 %, 2-year survival, 89.2 ± 2.8 % , 3-year survival, 84.9 ± 2.9 % , 4-year survival, 81.8 ± 3.6 %, 5-year survival, 77.5 ± 4.0 % , 6-year survival, 67.9 ± 4.8 % , and 7-year survival was 64.7 ± 5.2 %. In epithelioid-cell, mixed-cell, and spindle-cell types of UM, the 5-year survival rates were 46.3 ± 12.0, 70.7 ± 8.0 %, and 84.8 ± 5.4 %, respectively (x2 = 11.571, p = 0.004). The 5-year survival rate of patients with extrascleral growth was 56.0 ± 10.4 % and without extrascleral growth it was 81.7 ± 4.0 %.

   Conclusion. In organ-preserving treatment, the combination of prognostic factors allows us to stratify the patients based on the risk of early metastasis, which allows for personalized dynamic monitoring, taking into account the vital prognosis of a particular patient.
The application of cannabidiol in the treatment and health prevention of horses
Authors: NAWROT KAROLINA , SOROKO-DUBROVINA MARIA
Published: July 2022

Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the cannabinoids found in Cannabis sativa L. The action of CBD in the body is similar to that of neurotransmitters, thanks to which it regulates most of the biochemical processes taking place in the body. Research on CBD properties in equine veterinary medicine has begun relatively recently. It has recently been proven to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, stabilize the nervous system, and have a calming effect. Human studies suggest that, due to its effects on the endocannabinoid system, CBD will have a number of positive effects on equine homeostasis. Current research is focused on determining appropriate CBD doses for desirable therapeutic or heeling effects. The results of studies carried out so far have confirmed the effectiveness of CBD, which may lead to further research on the use of CBD in the treatment and health prevention of horses.
The 3R rules in practice. Improvement of welfare, reduction of the number of animals and improvement of test methods in acute toxicity studies
Authors: SORNAT ROBERT , GRUSZKA KATARZYNA , POLIŃSKA ANETA
Published: July 2022

Research studies in which animals are used contribute to the development and progress of biomedical sciences; however, usage of animals in research has long been the subject of ethical protests. Nevertheless, elimination of this type of research with animals is impossible at the present stage of our knowledge. The controversy of animal usage in laboratory was the beginning of efforts to improve their fate. The 3Rs principle, formulated in the late 1950s, is the ethical foundation for the activities of laboratories using laboratory animals; moreover, it defines the legal framework for animal research. The welfare of laboratory animals is the concern of people working in research centers that perform such tests, including the veterinarians working there, as well as people dealing with legal issues shaping the research market using laboratory animals. The activity of research centers is a kind of compromise ensuring the best conditions for animals, and at the same time ensuring optimal and correct performance of tests in accordance with research standards. The changes in the field of acute toxicity tests in the context of reducing the number of animals, their welfare and the implementation of alternative methods that have occurred in the last few decades can be traced on the example of a center that has been carrying out research in the GLP system since 2000, which is currently the Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry Branch Pszczyna (abbreviated Łukasiewicz - IPO), formerly the Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry Branch Pszczyna.
USSR’s Policy Towards the Kurds of Turkey, 1945-1960
Authors: BAŞARAN Ali
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the policy of the USSR toward the Kurds of Türkiye between the years 1945-1960. For this purpose, data were collected from archival documents, photographs, maps, videos, and Turkish, Russian, and English works. The study tests the hypothesis that the main reason for the change in the USSR’s policy towards the Kurds of Türkiye was the victorious emergence of the USSR from World War II. It has been determined that the demands of the victorious USSR from Türkiye and the USSR-West struggle influenced the policy of the USSR towards the Kurds of Türkiye. Depending on the course of the rivalry between the USSR and the West in Iran, Greece, Iraq and Syria, the situation of benefiting from the countries has emerged in implementing the USSR’s policy towards the Kurds of Türkiye. As a result, after the demands of the USSR, the rulers of the Republic of Türkiye directed the country toward the West. Despite the USSR’s renunciation of the demands, the rulers of the Republic of Türkiye continued to remain in the Western camp. For these reasons, it has been determined that the USSR tried to take advantage of the Kurds in Türkiye and other countries against Türkiye and the West.
The question of the ‘foreigners’ in select fictional narratives from Assam
Authors:   Department of English, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India, Nath Rimi
Published: July 2022

In this age of metamorphosis of cultural transition and assimilation, in this age where everyone in one sense or the other is a migrant, the issue of identity can never be resolved. Iain Chambers (1994) holds that migrancy “calls for a dwelling in language, in histories, in identities that are constantly subject to mutation” (p. 5). ‘Home’ sometimes becomes a provisional location as it fails to provide assurance and security; and hence, in many instances, one witnesses an individual’s desire to break free, to migrate. Memory and narratives can be seen as symbolic ways of making homes, of negotiating different and competing allegiances. Jahnavi Barua’s novel, Undertow, Arupa Patangia Kalita’s novellas and stories like ‘Face in the Mirror’, ‘The Half-burnt Bus at Midnight’, stories from the Barak Valley of Assam like Moloy Kanti Dey’s ‘Ashraf Ali’s Homeland’, Amitabha Dev Choudhury’s ‘Wake Up Call’, Arijit Choudhury’s ‘Fire’, among others, provide multiple perspectives on the question of identity. The paper seeks to delve into select fictional narratives from Assam and analyse the question of ‘foreigners’, keeping in mind the current discourses on the issue of migration, especially the issue of illegal Bangladeshi migrants.
History, Memory and Trauma in Selected Works of Arupa Patangia Kalita
Authors:   Department of English, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam., Bora Manashi
Published: July 2022

India’s North East, including Assam, has a history of militancy arising from various socio-political causes. Writers have responded to this aspect of the history of this region by producing works that record and commemorate particular events and experiences for posterity. Of particular significance in these works is the record of the impact of the disturbances on the everyday lives of people, many of whom, though unaware of the main issues being debated, are affected beyond measure by the turn of the events. Arupa Patangia Kalita’s short stories collected in Written in Tears (2015), The Musk and Other Stories (2017), and The Loneliness of Hira Barua (2020) document a momentous phase in the recent history of the North-Eastern region of India especially Assam, marked by student agitation and militancy which mobilized the people around particular issues on the one hand and inflicted sufferings of various kinds on innocent people on the other. A writer is, among other things, a recorder of the experiences of a region who investigates in the form of a narrative the fallout of social upheavals on the everyday lives of people. The proposed paper will look into the aspects of the recent history of the North East touched on by the writer in her short stories using insights from studies on history, postcoloniality, memory and trauma. It will focus especially on the documentation of women’s experiences during that phase from a woman’s perspective.
Humanising History through Graphic Narratives: Exploring Stories of Home and Displacement from the North-East of India
Authors:   Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India., Das Rolla , B Abhaya N ,   Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
Published: July 2022

Literature from the North-East has responded to national, global and local issues, including questions on immigration and ethnic violence. They have resisted the colonial framework of representation and have invoked a sense of “cultural and ethnic particularity” (Sarma, 2013). This literature has adopted a multilingual register to respond to 1) patriarchal and 2) ethnonationalist discourses that have a forced and overbearing presence in the everyday lives of people and their stories. These writings evoke an ethno-critical approach that “engages otherness and difference in such a way as to provoke an interrogation of and a challenge” to our familiar realms of experience and is “consistent with a recognition and legitimation of heterogeneity” (Sarma, 2013). Select stories from First Hand (Volume II, 2018) – The Lonely Courtyard (2018), My Name is Jahanara (2018), and A Market Story (2019) by Kumdo Yumnam provide the heterogeneity that is characteristic of the works of literature emerging from the North-East, thereby resisting the homogeneity often indicative of the term ‘North-East’. The analysis will explore how the selected texts negotiate textuality and visuality in a specific manner to present an archive of everyday life that humanises history.
Forbidden Cravings: Exploring socio-cultural ramifications of food practices in Aamis
Authors:   Department of English and Cultural Studies at Christ University, Bangalore, Jacob Alicia , Chattaraj Dishari ,   Department of English and Cultural Studies at Christ University, Bangalore.
Published: July 2022

Food choices represent conscious affirmation and expression of personal, group, ethnic or national identity. Due to its multidimensional role, food that we rely on sustenance is often politicised and used as a tool to create conflict amongst and within diverse social groups. Assamese cuisine includes a rich platter of authentic food varieties, often limited to the north-eastern region. Although food consumption is a subjective experience, cultural taboos within a community might be acceptable practices in another culture, creating conflicting notions of food practices. The balance between the twin axis of culture and politics regarding food is disrupted when heterogeneous cultural patterns and opposing political notions are in discord. Similarly, the solidarity within a cultural group becomes hostile when the authority of the individual concerning food choices is not aligned with the authority of the social structure. This discord from a political and cultural standpoint is evident in the Assamese socio-cultural scenario. Taking Bhaskar Hazarika’s Ravening/Aamis (2019) as a case study, this paper proposes to analyse the representational troupe of food, through a structuralist anthropological lens, with respect to food politics to understand socio-cultural ramifications of Assamese food patterns.
TERI Advanced Oxidation Technology (TADOX®) to treat industrial wastewater with integration at pre- and post-biological stage: case studies from India
Authors: Bahadur Nupur , Bhargava Nipun
Published: July 2022

The current problem with industrial wastewater treatment is that we rely heavily on biological treatment systems without realising that these have severe limitations in terms of shock load-bearing capacities, ineffectiveness against removal of toxicity and recalcitrant and dissolved organics. However, biological systems have their own benefits as well. Therefore, it is essential to support them with integration of advanced oxidation nanotechnology (AON) interventions, which are expected to address these challenges. In this pursuit, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) has developed an AON-based wastewater treatment technology called TERI Advanced Oxidation Technology (TADOX®). This paper presents two sections of three case studies each, to showcase how TADOX® technology intervention at pre-biological and post-biological treatment helps in achieving adequate treatment. In the first section, TADOX® has been implemented at pre-biological stage for three highly polluting streams from (i) phenolic wastewater from a 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 D) plant from a Gujarat pesticide manufacturing company, (ii) phenolic wastewater from an anisole plant of a Gujarat chemical industry, and (iii) hydrocarbon-rich effluent from the Jharkand oil and gas sector. Pre-biological integration is expected to support biological treatment by reduction in COD, toxicity, microbial growth hindering compounds and increase in biodegradability (BOD to COD ratio). The second section in the paper explores the implementation potential of TADOX® to treat biologically treated streams from (i) Uttarakhand pharmaceutical, (ii) Uttar Pradesh tannery and (iii) Uttar Pradesh slaughterhouse. The post-biological integration is expected to remove residual COD, colour, BOD and odour leading to treated water meeting norms for safe surface discharge and water reuse. Presented studies from India may be useful and relevant to other developing countries as a possible approach to sustainably manage water resources, together meeting the challenges of economic growth, industrial development, and regulatory and environmental compliance.
Management of reverse osmosis concentrate by solar distillation
Authors: Belhout Dalila , Tigrine Zahia , Mosnegutu Emilian Florin , Benabdelaziz Ferhat Kamel
Published: July 2022

Disposal of rejected brine is a fundamental part of reverse osmosis desalination technology, it presents negative influences on the marine ecosystem due to the high salt content and the presence of other harmful chemicals in the concentrate. Solar distillation is a promising technology for brine management. The main goal of this study was to treat high salinity solution of reverse osmosis desalination brine and to recover valuable resources while producing freshwater. The implementation of the study is through two phases: the first phase includes desalination by a reverse osmosis process to produce fresh water and the concentrated brine, while the second phase consists of recovering solid salts using the solar distillation. Thus, different experiments of desalination by reverse osmosis pilot and solar distillation were carried out under optimal experimental conditions. The obtained results showed that chlorides are the most dominant constituents in the composition of brines, while the daily water productivity contributed to around 80% of the total productivity of the solar system (volume of the water produced/m2/day) and the amount of salt crystallized by solar distillation represents 35 grams per liter of brine, this salt is greatly demanded in several sectors such as agriculture, industry, and others.
Evolution of the public assembly law in Russia
Authors: Salenko Alexander V.
Published: July 2022

In Russia, from the end of the 19th century to the present day, the public assembly law, which regulates the implementation of the constitutional right to freedom of peaceful assembly, is in the process of constant development. The author conducts a historical and legal analysis of domestic legislation, as well as constitutional and legal ideas in the field of the public assembly law. Based on the analyses, the author came to conclusion that the first constitutional ideas regarding formal fixation of the subjective right of citizens to freedom of peaceful assembly were expressed by the Decembrists in their program documents. The author comes to the conclusion that in the time of Russian revolutions of 1905-1917 the process of the real elaboration of constitutional norms regulating the right of public assembly has been started; exactly at that time based on the idea of the constitutional state the Russian legal scholars have prepared the domestic doctrine of the public assembly law, which was elaborated based on comparative research (for example, the Russian legal scholars have analyzed and applied the German legal doctrice of Versammlungsrecht). The article provides a periodization of the development of the public assembly law in Russia. It is also noted that the constitutional and legal tradition of pre-revolutionary lawyers, according to which the public assembly law has been defined in domestic public law, was then interrupted in the Soviet era, when the freedom of peaceful assembly has had merely a declarative character. The general conclusion is that at present moment in the Russian legal system there is a process of the gradual formation of the public assembly law, which combines the norms of the Constitution of Russia, federal laws, as well as the practice of the Constitutional Court of Russia and courts of general jurisdiction. The author considers that today the Russian Federation is making a slow and associated with a significant number of problems ascent to the law — the arduous climb to the public assembly law.
Theft of non-cash funds means: criminal law, criminal procedure and the forensic aspects
Authors: Belykh Yuriy P. , Lyashcev Dmitriy V.
Published: July 2022

From the point of view of modern criminal, criminal procedure law and criminalistics, the article is devoted to the problems of investigative and judicial practice in the investigation and consideration of criminal cases related to the theft of funds from bank accounts. The insurmountable obstacles encountered in the investigation of crimes by investigative bodies and the consideration of criminal cases of this category in courts determined the relevance of the research topic. From the point of view of novelty, an integrative analysis of the theory, provisions of law and practice in unity allowed the authors to come to the conclusion that the complexity of the criminal-legal qualification of these crimes entail the need for legislative clarification of existing or the construction of new elements of crimes related to the theft of non-cash funds. According to the authors, the specifics of the object, form of theft, place and subject of the crime determines the changes in the criminal law providing for criminal liability for the theft of non-cash funds, as well as electronic money. Justification of the need to adopt the above-mentioned norm of the criminal law, at an early date, and the formulation of conclusions of a recommendatory nature are the objectives of this article.
The impact of small and medium business finance on the level of economic wealth of the region
Authors: Zakharova Kristina A. , Aktaev Nurken E. , Purgina Anastasia D.
Published: July 2022

Entrepreneurship, embodying the process of funds formation in the form of small independent firms — small and medium enterprises is an integral element of the economic system. These subjects carry out a whole range of important socio-economic functions, which to a large extent can influence the overall level of the region’s wealth. These include the creation of additional jobs, an increase in the level of the competitive environment, the alignment of social disproportions, the introduction and promotion of innovative technologies. These factors directly affect the socio-economic development of both the country as a whole and a particular territory. Accordingly, small and medium enterprises are one of the levers of influence on the welfare of the region and the quality of life in it.

The article provides a statistical analysis of the small and medium modern businesses development in the Russian Federation, reflecting the mutual influence of income from activities in the regions on financial activities in the territory and the impact on a broad impact.

Also, the paper reflects the results of a conceptual approach to the study of previously presented studies of economists devoted to identifying the dependencies of the small and medium businesses development and the level of welfare of the region.

As a result of the study, it was found that at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the main reasons for the development of small and medium enterprises are the formation of a business support infrastructure, represented by a whole range of measures that provide significant support to small and medium businesses. Namely, the implementation of programs for the financing of small and medium enterprises, the provision of information, consulting and educational support measures. Also, the list of ongoing activities includes property and innovative support for small and medium-sized businesses.
Collaborative consumption as a socio-economic model
Authors: Batyreva Maria V. , Agafonova Daria Yu.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of a new socio-economic model — the economy of collaborative consumption, which has become globally widespread due to the digital transformation of business and the active integration of information and communication technologies into daily life of a person. The interest in the issues of collaborative consumption is due to the rapid development of digital services for the exchange of goods, the growth in the number of participants and economic sectors involved in the economy of collaborative consumption. The methodological approach of this study includes a systematic review of foreign and Russian literature on collaborative consumption with an emphasis on empirical data. A case study of foreign practices of joint consumption in rural areas has been implemented.

Such issues as the essence and basis of the economy of collaborative consumption, as well as the conditions for its development, become central in the present research. The approaches of Russian and foreign authors to the definition of the economy of collaborative consumption are revealed. An attempt to systematize the conceptual apparatus of the collaborative consumption model allows us to identify its main characteristics: peer-topeer interaction, temporary access to underutilized assets, mediation of economic agents through online platforms.

The article analyzes the influence of socio-technical, economic and personal factors that stimulate or hinder the development of the economy of collaborative consumption in Russia. The high rate of Internet penetration and the development of technology have become key factors for the development of the economy of collaborative consumption. Personal factors reflect the specifics of the country and indicate the main reasons that prevent the inclusion of Russians as participants in collaborative consumption.

A review of empirical data allowed us to conclude that the socio-economic model of collaborative consumption is developing at an active pace in Russia. The sharing economy has shown positive growth rates in the total volume of transactions in two years. The leading segments are C2C sales, P2P services and carsharing.

As a result, empirical evidence has been found, based on the analysis of foreign cases, on the role of the sharing economy for innovative rural development. The application of the logic of a joint economy in the unique conditions of rural development can develop rural tourism and help overcome the financial constraints faced by farmers when accessing expensive agricultural equipment.
Mathematical modeling of the processes of signal routing by logic matrix, information encoding and decoding in the biomorphic neuroprocessor
Authors: Pisarev Alexander D.
Published: July 2022

At the University of Tyumen, a biomorphic hardware neuroprocessor based on a combined memristor-diode crossbar has been developed. The neuroprocessor implements a biomorphic spiking neural network with a large number of neurons and trainable synaptic connections between them. Large biomorphic neural networks make it possible to reproduce the functionality of the human brain cortical column. This provides new opportunities for information processing tasks by standalone neuroprocessor. When designing and optimizing the operation of the input and output devices, as well as the logic matrix of the neuroprocessor created based on large combined memristor-diode crossbars, physico-mathematical models are needed to simulate their work.

This report presents the physico-mathematical models developed for this neuroprocessor: of the operation of a logic matrix cell built on the basis of simplified electrical models of a memristor and a Zener diode; of the process of the neurons output spikes routing of by the logic matrix to the synapses of other neurons; of processes of information encoding into biomorphic impulses and decoding of neural block output into a binary code. With the help of these models and numerical simulation, the operability of the input and output devices, as well as the logic matrix of the biomorphic neuroprocessor, is shown when processing incoming information. The originality of the models is associated with the specifics of the selected memristor-diode cell of the universal large logic matrix, which, in addition to its main work as a spikes router, is the basis of the electrical circuits of the input and output devices of the neuroprocessor.

For numerical simulation of the operation of large electrical circuits containing memristor-diode crossbars, the original specialized program MDC-SPICE was used.
Pipeline for complex actions recognition in video surveillance systems
Authors: Egorov Yurij A. , Zaharova Irina G.
Published: July 2022

The development of intelligent video surveillance systems is an area of active research, presenting solutions for use in specific environments. In addition, several problems have been formulated that need to be addressed. This is the problem of recognizing complex actions, which consist of sequences of elementary actions and, as a rule, are difficult to classify from a single frame of a video recording.

The present study is devoted to solving the problem of recognizing complex actions on video recordings. The aim of the work is to develop a pipeline for recognizing complex actions that an observed object performs on video recordings. The novelty of the work lies in the approach to action modeling using sequences of elementary actions and a combination of neural networks and stochastic models. The proposed solution can be used to develop intelligent video surveillance systems to ensure security at production facilities, including oil and gas industry facilities.

We analyzed video recordings of objects performing various actions. The features describing complex actions and their properties are singled out. The problem of recognition of complex actions represented by a sequence of elementary actions is formulated. As a result, we developed a pipeline implements a combined approach. Elementary actions are described using a skeletal model in graphical form. Each elementary action is recognized using a convolutional neural network, then complex actions are modeled using a hidden Markov model. The developed pipeline was tested on videos of students, whose actions were divided into two categories: cheating and ordinary actions. As a result of the experiments, the classification accuracy of elementary actions was 0.69 according to the accuracy metric, the accuracy of the binary classification of complex actions was 0.71.

In addition, the constraints of the developed pipeline were indicated and further ways of enhancing the applied approaches were highlighted, in particular, the study of noise immunity.
Ground deformation as a result of the foundation of a new module in the Spanish Antarctic Base Gabriel de Castilla, Deception Island, Antarctica
Authors: González-Posada Elechiguerra Javier , Paredes Bartolomé Carlos , Ropero Azañón Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2022

Since its inauguration in the 1989/90 campaign, the Spanish Antarctic Base Gabriel de Castilla (BAEGC) has supported an increasing volume of scientific projects, stimulating the expansion of its facilities. The permafrost soil on which they are located is affected by changing thermal and periglacial conditions that disturb its mechanical and physical characteristics. This paper analyzes the foundation behavior of a building (18.5x6.5x2.7 m length – width – height, around 104 kg in operation supported on 16 posts) through the geomechanical study (stresses and deformations) of the ground during the winter and southern summer seasons, supported by three types of foundations: piles, footings and slabs. These are commonly recommended as support elements inperiglacial soils affected by thermal-seasonal variations. The geotechnical properties have been obtained from stress-tests on soil samples collected in the surroundings of the BAEGC, General Marvá Army Engineers Laboratory (INTA). Considering the thermal variations in the tests on frozen and unfrozen samples, the geotechnical column type has been established and extended along the profile of the 2D domain. The stationary stress-strain equations with a constitutive Mohr-Coulomb rupture model have been solved using finite elements in MIDAS GTS-NX, for each season and each foundation, discretizing with a triangular or quadrangular mesh adapted to the 2D domain geometry with the foundation. The numerical results show that, in any tested case, there is no critical ground failure, and the foundation with the smallest displacement (about 0.036 m), both in summer and winter, is the 1.2 m foundation placed at 0.5 m depth on permafrost.
ANÁLISIS SENTENCIA ROL DE CORTE SUPREMA 3679-19. DECLARACIÓN DE LA EXISTENCIA DE LA RELACIÓN LABORAL DE PRESTADORES DE SERVICIOS A HONORARIOS EN MUNICIPIOS Y SUS EFECTOS
Authors:   Universidad Católica del Norte, Guzmán Zúñiga Juan Eduardo
Published: July 2022

La sentencia que se comenta corresponde al fallo de la Corte Suprema, de 17 de junio de 2019. En particular el fallo discute la procedencia de la sanción de nulidad de despido, tratándose del despido de trabajadores contratados a honorarios en el Municipio demandado. La sentencia es relevante, en la medida que, como analizaremos, determina una órbita de delimitación entre el desempeño de labores bajo subordinación y dependencia, o bajo otra modalidad de prestación de servicios.
School desertion in the learning of upper basic and high school students
Authors: Mendoza-Saltos Carmen Lourdes , Castillo-Bravo Eliecer Francisco
Published: July 2022

The objective of the research was to determine the incidence of school dropout in the learning of students of the upper basic and high school of the Educational Unit "Unión y progress" in 2022. Dropout is a problem that has existed for many years and it has serious effects on the teaching-learning processes and the educational system in general because it interrupts educational continuity. Child labor is closely related to this problem and is one of the main causes of school dropout. The methodology applied in the research was descriptive and correlational, with inductive-deductive and synthetic analytical methods accompanied by surveys and observation records, it was obtained as a result that a large part of the students work or are willing to stop studying to work.
Study of the under pass structure in Gatot Subroto – Cokroaminoto Intersection-Roads, Denpasar – Bali
Authors: Jaya I Made , Sutapa I Ketut , Suasira I Wayan , Kader Made Suardana , Intara I Wayan
Published: July 2022

Denpasar represent town with amount of most resident in Bali and have tendency will increasingly. This of course will be followed by accelerating development various sector. This condition will be create various of  urban problems, among the others problem is jam of traffic, that caused  of existence of unbalanced between growth of very fast vehicle (14%) compared to with accretion of new streets which only reaching 3,6% a year. To overcome the problem one of the effort able to be conducted is by improving the quality of street service which have there, especially at critical joint streets and intersection streets, like Gatot Subroto - Cokroaminoto intersection-roads. However progressively is fast of accretion amount of vehicle, this methode will not can give optimal service, so that require to another way of   problem solving. Other Arrangement Alternative to solve this jam is with intersection street is not at a piece of, such as which have been applied at Simpang Dewa Ruci. In general, the type of construction is fly over and underpass, but pursuant to experience at Simpang Dewa Ruci, from the social and culture aspect happened deduction of fly over type.
Embracing Changes: Virtual Change Management and Leadership Training Implications
Authors: Chen Danxia , Hix Joanne
Published: July 2022

The pandemic brings many unforeseen changes. Thriving organizations are the ones that are agile and proactive. Change management and leadership training plays a key role in organizational change and development. This current study examines a group of international managers’ virtual training experiences, helping managers to develop change mindsets to use disruptions as opportunities to lead organizations. This group of international managers were better prepared to be the change leaders, moving organizations forward to a thriving tomorrow.
Occurrence of the Hyperparasite Ampelomyces quisqualis on Golovinomyces neosalviae (Erysiphaceae), Causal Agent of Powdery Mildew on Common Sage (Salvia officinalis)
Authors:   Biodiversity LAB, National Commission for Biotechnology, Damascus, Syria, Hamzeh Shady , Nafaa Walid ,   Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, 30621 Damascus, Syria, Azmeh Fawaz ,   Biodiversity LAB, National Commission for Biotechnology, Damascus, Syria
Published: July 2022

Hamzeh, S., W. Naffaa and M.F. Azmeh. 2022. Occurrence of the Hyperparasite Ampelomyces quisqualis on Golovinomyces neosalviae (Erysiphaceae), Causal Agent of Powdery Mildew on Common Sage (Salvia officinalis). Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(2): 158-163. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-040.2.158163 Ampelomyces quisqualis, the oldest mycoparasite of powdery mildew (PM), has been widely studied due to its potential in biocontrol. Many strains of this hyperparasite have been experimented worldwide and some of them were successfully applied for biocontrol, but others have been less efficient. No previous identification of Ampelomyces strains has been done in Syria, but some isolates were morphologically identified in the coastal region. There was no indication of Ampelomyces occurrence in any other location in Syria. During this three years survey (2019–2021), 73 plant samples were collected from five governorates, including coastal and southern regions in Syria. Ampelomyces pycnidia were detected in five samples from the coastal area and a new unpredictable finding of Ampelomyces sp. was found in southern Syria. This new occurrence of Ampelomyces isolate (S.ham82) is documented on a new mycohost; Golovinomyces neosalviae, the causal agent of PM on common sage (Salvia officinalis). Successful isolation of S.ham82 on PDA was conducted and parasitic activity was assessed by artificial inoculation using In vitro detached leaf assay. Morphological characteristics of this isolate were determined and compared with isolate Bah1 from the coastal region. Ampelomyces sp. (S.ham82) pycnidia size were 77.44 (±17.16) x 25.28 (±6.12) µm in natural host, 125.27 (±42.34) x 115.95 (±40.14) µm, 189.51 (±60.06) x 167.64 (±52.41) µm on PDA media pre and post artificial inoculation, respectively, and 88.24 (±20.05) x 27.98 (±5.68) µm on inoculated detached leaves. Conidia were also morphologically characterized and measured 8.11 (±0.87) x 3.88 (±0.51) µm in natural host, 8.86 (±1.65) x 3.18 (±0.80) µm in PDA pre and post artificial inoculation, respectively, and 7.82 (±0.69) x 3.61 (±0.37) µm in inoculated detached leaves. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the natural occurrence of Ampelomyces sp. in G. neosalviae on Saliva officinalis. Keywords: Ampelomyces sp., Common sage, Golovinomyces neosalviae, Syria.
A New Procedure to Identify Plant RNA Viruses Associated with the Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) Using Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors:   Department of Plant protection, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq, Salman Mohammed D. , Lahuf Adnan ,   Department of Plant protection, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq
Published: July 2022

Salman, M.D. and A.A. Lahuf. 2022. A New Procedure to Identify Plant RNA Viruses Associated with the Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) Using Next-Generation Sequencing. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(2): 169-174. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-040.2.169174 Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was applied to obtain the transcriptome data of the Iraqi whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) that was analyzed using some specific bioinformatic tools and programs to identify the accompanying plant RNA viruses. Seven different plant viruses were detected: Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Pittosporum cryptic virus-1 (PiCV1), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaV), Broad bean wilt virus (BBWV), and Zantedeschia mild mosaic virus (ZaMMV), in addition to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). The highest quantity of viruses identified were AMV, BBWV, and ZaMMV, respectively through achievement of the highest viral sequence coverages. In this study, we report a new NGS-based procedure, which facilitates prompt and precise the identification and quantification of plant viruses in a pool of B. tabaci insect samples without the necessity for specific primers and application of the conventional PCR technique. The benefit of this method is the quick detection of the potential viruses transmitted by the whitefly, B. tabaci vector that affects countless plant hosts. However, Additional examinations are required to confirm these findings. Keywords: Next generation sequencing, plant RNA viruses; whitefly vector; transcriptome data
ECOLOGY Susceptibility of Apple Varieties to Tetranychus urticae Koch and Panonychus ulmi Koch and its Relation to the Nutrient Contents and Spider Mite Predators in Apple Trees
Authors:   Center for Scientific Research-Swaida- Syria, Abdallah Jihan , Mofleh Mageda ,   General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria, Aslan Luay ,   Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
Published: July 2022

El-Abdallah, J., M. Muflih and L.H. Aslan. 2022. Susceptibility of Apple Varieties to Tetranychus urticae Koch and Panonychus ulmi Koch and its Relation to the Nutrient Contents and Spider Mite Predators in Apple Trees. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(2): 119-126. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-40.2.119126 The susceptibility to T. urticae and P. ulmi of eight apple varaietis were studied in southern Syria (Sweida) from 2018 to 2020. Significant differences of susceptibility to the two species between apple varieties, in addition to significant differences of apple-leaf nutrients content (NPK) were found. Results obtained showed that apple-leaf nutrients content affect the susceptibility to the two spider mite species differently. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed positive correlation to P. ulmi with apple-leaf contents of potassium and negative correlation with apple-leaf contents of nitrogen and showed positive correlation between T. urticae numbers and nitrogen and phosphorous content. T. urticae had a weak correlation with potassium apple-leaf content in 2019. Cluster analysis showed that apple varieties were distributed in three clusters based on the studied factors in 2020. The first cluster included the varieties Top Red, Starking Delicious and Starking Red Delicious which were the most sensitive to P. ulmi. The second cluster included Golden Delicious, Golden 972 and Granny Smith, and those were less sensitive to P. ulmi and the third cluster included Ozark Gold and Royal Red and these varieties were moderately sensitive to P. ulmi. The effects of studied factors were clearer on P. ulmi than on T. urticae. Keywords: Apple, T. urticae, P. ulmi, Phytoseiidae, Principal component analysis, PCA.
Evaluation of Inhibition Efficiency of Some Bacteria Isolated from Greenhouse Soils on the Growth of the Pathogenic Fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum that Causes White Rot Disease on Vegetables in the Laboratory.
Authors:   Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Baghdad University, Baghdad- Iraq, Abdullah Al-Kubaisy Abdullah Kamel , Hussein AlJuboori Huriya ,   Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Baghdad University, Baghdad- Iraq
Published: July 2022

Al-Kubaisy, A.K.A. and H.H. Al-Juboor. 2022. Evaluation of Inhibition Efficiency of Some Bacteria Isolated from Greenhouse Soils on the Growth of the Pathogenic Fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum that Causes White Rot Disease on Vegetables in the Laboratory. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(2): 140-147. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-40.2.140147 This study aimed to isolate beneficial bacteria from the soil of plastic houses planted with eggplant and cucumber at different locations of Baghdad Governorate and characterize them molecularly in addition to determining their antagonistic ability to inhibit six isolates of the pathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causal agent of white rot disease. The isolation results showed that 18 different bacterial isolates were obtained from several fields in Baghdad governorate. Bacterial isolates showed antagonistic ability towards six isolates of the pathogenic fungus S. sclerotiorum (ScE1, ScE2, ScE3, ScE4, ScC1 and ScC2), and the inhibition rate ranged between 84.25 and 93.75%. The two bacterial isolates BE1 and BE6 excelled in plastic houses grown with eggplant plants, and the inhibition rate of the fungal pathogen reached 93.75%. Whereas, the bacterial isolate BC9 isolated from soils planted with cucumber plants achieved the highest inhibition rate of all fungal isolates, except isolate ScE1, which reached 84.25%. Bacterial isolates were identified molecularly and they were registered in the GenBank under accession numbers MZ436922, MZ436923, MZ436921 and MZ436920 for the isolates of Alcaligenes faecalis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Keywords: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, biological control, molecular identification, eggplant
Biological Resistance to Okra yellow vein mosaic virus Using Three Biological Agents on Three Okra Cultivars
Authors:   Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tikreet University, Salah Eldeen Governorate- Iraq, Abdulhadi Jadoua Jinan , Abdulwahab Al-Fahd Maadh ,   Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tikreet University, Salah Eldeen Governorate- Iraq
Published: July 2022

Jadoua, J.A. and M.A.W. Al-Fahd. 2022. Biological Resistance to Okra yellow vein mosaic virus Using Three Biological Agents on Three Okra Cultivars. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(2): 148-157. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-40.2.148157 A study was conducted in Al-Alam District, Salah Al-Din Governorate, Iraq, during the fall season 2019-2020, with the goal of diagnosing the local isolate of Okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV) from infected plants using polymerase chain reaction. A genomic segment of OYVMV with a size of 750 was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a set of specific primers. By amplifying a 750 bp band on agarose gel, the field isolate tested was identified as a member of the genus Begomovirus, which was related to an Indian isolate of the same virus. The study included determining the efficacy of three biological factors: (A) a medicinal plant preparation from A. Paniculara, (H) a preparation from Lion's mushroom (H. erinaceus and (P) a preparation from P. florescence bacteria which has impact on virus infection, as well as determining the response of three okra varieties to virus infection. The use of the three combined factors (A+H+P) outperformed other treatments reducing virus infection rate of the Petra okra variety to 26.67 % and severity to 10.66 % as compared to 100% for the control. The findings showed that there were substantial variation in the peroxidase enzyme activity and chlorophyll content, with the A+H+P treatment producing 59.14 units/mg protein for the Petra variety and 40.81 Spad for the Hasnawi variety. The results also showed that there were extremely significant differences in yield, with the triple treatment (A+H+P) yielding 833.96 gm/plant for the Star variety compared to 537.44 gm/plant for the infected control that was not treated. Keywords: Biological control, viruses, okra