bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Lexicon Of Basic Vocabulary In The Holy Quran: The “Hamza” Character As A Model/ معجم المفردات الأساسية في القرآن الكريم: حرف الهمزة أنموذجا
Authors: Bahjat Mujahid Mustafa , Salem El Sayed Mohamed , Hameed Afaf Abdul Ghafoor
Published: March 2024

The significance of this research is in gathering this vocabulary and its many derived terms to comprehend and assimilate the main Arabic literatur. It also entails defining their meanings to aid understanding and contemplation.Through the eras, these dictionaries about the Qur'an and its terms gradually appeared with various titles and types, and some gained fame in both the past and the present. Writing and research in this area are still ongoing today. This study is a part of a series that alphabetically arranges the most frequently mentioned words in the Qur'an, which we used to refer to as "basic vocabulary," along with their meanings, the number of times they occur in the Qur'an's most derivations, and their first appearance in Surat Al-Baqarah. The research used a descriptive approach to provide the vocabulary and a statistical approach to determine how often it was used. The study presented the "hamza" letter as an example of what the lexicon might look like in the future. It is estimated that this vocabulary and its derivations make up nearly half of the Qur'anic vocabulary.  The research plan was presented as follows: an introduction with the objectives, problem, questions, and limitations of the research; terminology; methodology; and previous studies; a definition of the lexicon and mechanism; a list of vocabulary types; a model of the letter "Hamza"; and a conclusion with sources and references.
The Role of Precedents and Suffixes in the Temporal Structure of Narrative: The Novel "Ikhtia" as a Model
Authors: Ebrahim Ghada Mohammed
Published: March 2024

This study examines the role of precedents and suffixes in narrative temporal structure, identifying Gent's sorts of precedents and suffixes and locating them in Emile Habibi's novel "Ikhtia" and their purposes in the story's chronology. This study used a descriptive and inductive approach to track temporal growth between antecedents and suffixes, describing the temporal phenomena and extrapolating the sorts of narrative temporal movements in "Ikhtia." The study found that the novel "Ikhtia timeline" of events revealed clues about the logical temporal hierarchy and that this fragmentation of events helped the narrator rewrite the story. Because "Ikhtia" is a self-narrated novel, the narrator knows all the events and people. "Ikhtia" used foresight through internal precedents that marry the basic tale and the anticipatory tale, resulting in the repetition of important events and the narrator's anticipation of future visions, arousing the reader's interest, as well as external precedents that push the events to a logical end, whether it is the frequency type, which always completes the tale, or the repetition type, which performs the same function. Based on the analytical study of the temporal structure of the novel "Ikhtia," the research concluded with several main recommendations, the most important of which is the need to pay attention to the practical aspects of critical theories to reveal their effectiveness in studying texts, diversify the tools for analyzing literary texts to come up with richer and deeper results in understanding them, and attempt to master the latent energies of the lit.
The Syntactic Omission Applications In The Arabic Verbal Sentence In The Book Mukhtaṣar Fi Shawazh al-Quran By Ibn Khalawyh/ تطبيقات التوجيه بالحذف في الإسناد الفعلي في كتاب مُختصَر في شواذِّ القرآن لابن خالويه
Authors: Shakeel Lubna , Hamawiya Adham
Published: March 2024

Ibnu Khalawayh is considered one of the greatest linguists who contributed to the science of Quranic readings, especially the shazah readings. Among his contributions is the book “Mukhtasar Fi Shawaz il Quran.” The research explains the shazah readings within a grammatical context.  In view of the importance of the phenomenon of omission in the Qur’anic readings, the topic of omission in predicate structures was chosen to reveal their manifestations and aspects. The research  based on the descriptive analytical method concludes that the reason for Ibnu-Khalawayh's lack of fame in grammar was his new grammatical concept. He believed that language is taken by hearing (sama’), not by analogy (qiyas), and the predicate in the actual sentence if it is omitted, the appropriate verb in the sense is estimated, and omission of predicate is either to weaken, strengthen, or limit the event, or for the purpose of its mention before and the increase in shazah reading may be considered omitted in frequent reading, and vice versa. It is expected that this research will be useful to learners of the Arabic language in the context of developing their grammatical distinction and syntactic omission skills, as a modality of intellectual activity that requires the expansion of knowledge through both types of inference, i.e., analogy and induction.
Prepositions (Huruf Al-Jar): Addition, Deletion And Attachment To The Infinitives (Al-Afaal Al-Mujarradah) In The Arabic Sentence
Authors: Al-Qahtani Mulaiha Mohammad Zaaf
Published: March 2024

The Arabic language's prepositions (huruf al-jarr) are among the letters specific to nouns, and they are most likely 20 letters. The present research deals with the ‘huruf al-jarr’ (prepositions) used in Arabic sentences regarding their addition and deletion from some Arabic sentences assuming the hidden or implied words. Also, the research deals with attaching the prepositions to the infinitives (al-afaal al-mujarradah) and its impact on the meaning and significance. Moreover, according to the objectives, the research will address the issue of adding the ‘huruf al-jarr,' the purpose behind the addition, the places from where the ‘huruf al-jarr’ is deleted, how the deleted item will be assumed and what is the effect of attaching these prepositions to the infinitives in some sentences of the Arabic language. The research relied on the descriptive analytical approach as it is appropriate for the study. The study's main results reveal that the actual particle (al-Harf al-Asli) must produce a new meaning that did not exist before its addition to the sentence. In contrast, the other particle (al-harf al-zaaid) only strengthens the general meaning of the sentence without producing a new meaning. Additionally, the actual particle and its associated noun must be related to an "aamil" to complete its meaning and deliver its effect to the noun in the genitive case (al-ism al-majroor). In contrast, the other particle does not need an "aamil" relation. Lastly, the actual particle causes the following noun to be in the genitive case, with no other place of declension (al-eraab) for itself or the following words. In contrast, the other particle requires an area of declension (al-eraab).
Speech Acts In Arabic Poetry A Pragmatic Approach
Authors: AlRamadneh Amneh Hussein Mohammad
Published: March 2024

The main objective of this study was to examine the use of speech acts theory in analyzing Arabic text literature, specifically, Al-Faisal's poetry, to gain a deeper understanding of the speaker's meaning and the beauty of language usage. The study employed speech acts theory, a branch of pragmatics that focuses on how language is utilized to impart information and carry out actions such as making promises, requests, and giving orders. Despite some criticism and questions surrounding the theory, its significance in analyzing text and understanding the speaker's intention and effect on the audience cannot be denied. The research results showed that Al-Faisal's poetry is rich in expressive value and is characterized by linguistic richness and artistic creativity. However, the study concluded that there are creative expressive forms in the Arabic language that do not fit into Searle's classification of illocutionary acts due to their performative nature with double meanings. As a result, the study recommends increasing applied studies on the Arabic text to uncover these expressive forms and enhance our understanding of the language.
The Conflict Between Tradition And Modernity In The Novel ‘Qandil Umm Hashem’ By Yehia Haqqi, A Critical Analytical Study
Authors: Matar Wajih Abdel Fattah
Published: March 2024

This research aims to analyze the civilizational conflict in Arabic literature, the novel “Qandil Umm Hashem” from an educational perspective. It explicitly attempts to state the advantages and disadvantages of the European countries' missions and their influence on the students. This influence has an internal psychological part and an external social part. The study also aims to equip the students with the essential tools to enable them how to deal with literary texts. The conflict between the ancient, represented in customs, habits, and inherited traditions, whether in science or aspects of life, has been opened for some of the Egyptian youth in specific and the Arab youth in general through scientific missions to European countries. The study has used the critical analytical method for content analysis. The research analyzes the novel's content and focuses on the issues under investigation. The results address the essential findings of the research they include that European countries missions influence the students both positively and negatively. The actions are ordered according to the Aristotelian triangle, meaning - beginning, middle, and end. The characters represent symbols that convey certain ideas. The civilization conflict is old and rooted and there is mutual hatred between the two cultures but there is no contradiction between science and religion.
New Arabic Loanwords In Indonesian Dictionary
Authors: Rokib Mohammad , Sodiq Syamsul , Mudzakkir Moh.
Published: March 2024

This paper explores the development of the new Arabic loanwords in the Indonesian language during the second half of the Reform Era. The study examines primary and secondary sources to identify recent Arabic loanwords, which conclude six relevant words: ‘kalas‘, ‘qurani‘, ‘islah‘, ‘kafah‘, ‘ajib‘, and ‘harem‘. The analysis reveals that kafah and ajib have been added recently to the online dictionary edition, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI). The KBBI identified kafah as an Arabic loanword, while ajib transformed its vocal articulation and is now recognized as a loanword. The research also sheds light on the influence of Arabic on the Indonesian language. This paper contributes to the understanding of the development of the Indonesian language and the role of loanwords in shaping the language. The study's findings also highlight the importance of language standardization and the role of dictionaries in shaping and reflecting the linguistic landscape of Indonesia.
English-Arabic Language Contact Phenomena In Social Media As Communicative Learning
Authors: Saifulloh Ahmad , Naziroh Ardiati Lutfiatul , Kholis Nur
Published: March 2024

The issue of contact meaning in communicative learning has received considerable critical attention. Translation and contact meaning are two terms that have enjoyed interpretation in modern language studies. Contact meaning is required to understand translation. Language contact is the social and linguistic phenomenon by which speakers of different languages. This paper describes Arabic and English contact phenomena. This article aims to identify relationships between English-Arabic contact meaning elements and increase forms of communicative learning in social media through social media. This study has limitations; the data were collected from one social media platform, Instragram reel account english_with_ms_zainab. This study shows that the English-Arabic contact phenome has some categories: interlanguage, the tip of the tongue, hypercorrection, and cross-cultural understanding. Using social media could improve students’ communication ability by learning through an Instagram reel as a social media.
Development Strategy of Speaking Skill for The Tsanawiyah Level/ استراتيجيات تنمية مهارة الكلام للمرحلة الثانوية
Authors: Amrullah Ahmad Fikri , Bakheit Bakri Muhammed , Huda Miftahul
Published: March 2024

The intercession of speaking makes us easier to socialize and communicate with other people. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with case studies, focusing on learning at Al-Kamal Islamic Boarding School Kunir Blitar and Al-Mawaddah Female Islamic Boarding School 2 Nglegok Blitar, Indonesia. Data collection used three methods in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman method: data collection, data classification, data presentation, and conclusion. The findings of the research: 1) The implementation of strategies used by teachers in developing speaking by creating language organization, designing language learning tools, implementing speaking Arabic in daily activities, evaluating speaking, creating a language environment, and applying continuous monitoring. The strategies used by the teacher in developing kalam include spreading Arabic vocabulary, practicing speeches, reading habits, practicing mahfudzot, learning nahwu and shorof, performing drama, and giving language court contracts. The strategies for developing speaking skills (maharah kalam) will be effective when they are supported by the right approach, an appropriate educational curriculum, an active language environment, and language activities that are interesting and attractive to students.
Teaching Methods Of Dictation And Elements Of Arabic Language/ طرائق تعليم الإملاء وعناصر اللغة العربية
Authors: Kusnawan Wawan , Wargadinata Wildana , Rasyidi Abdul Wahab
Published: March 2024

Many schools and schools of Islamic education in Indonesia revolve around the advancement of science and technology or philosophy, psychology, and sociology so that Muslims who come are not late for things they will accept and explain in their future lives. This study aims to discover the steps in learning imla to teach vocabulary. Detect and find out about the method used to teach superposition at Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor. This study's results are as follows: the steps used for learning dictation are listening, reading, and writing for dictation letters, sentences, and essays. The measures used for teaching vocabulary start from the dormitory by giving vocabulary every day after the morning prayer. Each student repeats what the language movement from each dormitory says, writes it down, orders them to memorize it, puts the vocabulary in sentences, continues teaching it in class according to their respective categories, and writes vocabulary in several places according to their vocabulary. The steps used for superposition learning: the teacher starts writing examples on the blackboard, then asks the lesson of yesterday's lesson, explains the relationship between yesterday's class and the new lesson, and explains the rules of nahwu and shorof by example.
Stylistics In Tafsir Al-Fakhr Al-Razi And And Its Impact On The Development Of Arabic Rhetoric/ الأسلوبيّة في تفسير الفخر الرّازيّ وأثرها في تطوّر البلاغة العربيّة
Authors: Al-Lahham Reem Rateb Al-Sayed , Mohieldin Hazem
Published: March 2024

In the modern era, a science called contemporary stylistics appeared, which reached to describing texts and searching for what distinguishes them and the authors’ unique way of arranging them. And this science has its roots in our Arabic rhetorical heritage. Ancient rhetoricians such as Al-Fakhr Al-Razi preceded them with these stylistic studies. Therefore, this research sought, using the analytical descriptive method, to study the proof of the existence of such stylistic studies in Al-Fakhr Al-Razi through his Tafsir of Surat Al-Roum, revealing his great interest in explaining the types of Qur'anic styles, and their levels (morphological - synthetic - semantic), most of which were from Al-Razi's efforts. No one preceded it, but everyone who came after him benefited from it, Especially in semantics and correspondences between verses and surahs.
Wh-Questions In English, Najdi Arabic, Upper Egyptian Arabic: A Comparative Study
Authors: Alajmi Mashael Hamed , Alsager Haroon N.
Published: March 2024

This paper investigates the wh-questions strategies in Najdi Arabic (NA), Upper Egyptian Arabic (UEA), and English (E) and aims to make a comparison between them. The method in this paper is qualitative; its data are derived from previous studies in the field of the syntax of wh-question of Arabic dialects, both argument and adjuncts. Both NA and UEA use the gap, class 2 gap strategy, resumptive and class 2 resumptive strategy, and in situ strategy. The result shows that Arabic dialects are more productive than English in question structures in both argument and adjuncts wh-questions. English does not use resumptive and resumptive class 2 strategies because no pronominal addition is attached to the main verb in the English questions structure.
Humor Practises Of Arabic Teachers And Speaking Anxiety
Authors: Baharudin Harun , Wan Anuar Wan Muhammad Radzi
Published: March 2024

The use of humor by teachers in classroom interactions can stimulate students and change their attitudes toward learning. The study aims to determine the level of humor applied among Arabic teachers (GBA) and students' speaking anxiety in the Arabic language class at the Government Aided Religious Secondary School (SABK) in Kerian, Perak, Malaysia. A total of 152 out of 258 fourth-form students were selected as a sample by stratified random sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire that was adapted from the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) (Horwitz et al., 1986) and the Students' Evaluation of Teaching Effectiveness Rating Scale (SETERS) (Toland & Ayala, 2005). The study found that the frequency of GBA humor practice was moderately low (M = 2.88, SP = 0.50). At the same time, the frequency of students' speaking anxiety in Arabic is relatively high (M = 3.12, SP = 0.74). Pearson's correlation test shows a significant relationship with weak negative strength (r = -.197, p =.000) between the frequency of GBA humor practice and the level of students' speaking anxiety in Arabic. In conclusion, although the frequency of GBA humor practices is medium-low, most GBA use cheerful humor practices compared to hostile ones. However, the method of GBA humor alone is not enough to reduce the frequency of students' speaking anxiety in Arabic. Therefore, every party, especially teachers, must significantly diversify other effective teaching practices in teaching Arabic to improve students' speaking skills.
International Posture Of Malaysian Learners In Arabic Programme
Authors: Bakar Kaseh Abu , Asbulah Lily Hanefarezan , Mohamad Soad Nor Fatini Aqilah , Ahmad Mohd Farhan
Published: March 2024

Language learners with a solid international posture are generally more willing to communicate in the foreign language they learn. However, studies on global posture could have been conducted better, especially for Arabic language learners. Therefore, this study aims to examine the level of readiness of students of Arabic studies programs in terms of international posture. This study uses a quantitative design by distributing online questionnaire instruments to 180 final-year students of the bachelor’s degree from three public universities in Malaysia, namely Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), and International Islamic University (UIA). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. The results showed that students in tertiary Arabic Studies programs in Malaysia report that international posture is in the moderate range but relatively lower. Students need to capitalize on all these aspects, which will directly and indirectly contribute to better achievement in learning Arabic.
Effectiveness Of The Marzano And Therese Models In The Achievement Of Grammar Among Literary Students
Authors: Ghayyib Natiq Saeed
Published: March 2024

This research investigated the effectiveness of the Marzano and Therese models in achieving grammar among literary students. In this study, the researcher selected three preparatory schools for boys, such as Ali bin Abi Talib Primary School, to achieve the aim of the study. The sample included (32) students from Ali bin Abi Talib Preparatory School, (32) students from Abu Hanifa al-Numan Preparatory School, and (31) students from Al-Miqdadiya Primary School. This study used the Marzano model, which was applied to the first experimental group. The researcher designed equal groups with partial control and prepared teaching plans and the multiple-choice test for the three groups. The number of test items was (30, in which appropriate statistical methods were used to conduct the research. The results of the research showed the superiority of the second experimental group that studied according to Therese model over the first experimental group studied according to the model and over the control group that studied traditionally, the superiority of the experimental group that looked traditionally, and the superiority of the experimental group over the control group in the post achievement test.
Maharah Al-Qawaid Al-Arabiyyah Model Based On Sequence Of Student Mastery Of Arabic Grammar
Authors: Ismail Ummi Syarah , Mohd Radzi Amizura Hanadi , Ismail Noraini , Pisal Nadhilah Abdul , Mohamad Zaki Mohamad Fathie
Published: March 2024

Maharah al-qawaid al-Arabiyyah is very important for students to achieve in order to have a good impact on language skills. Therefore, the main goal of the study is to produce a Maharah al-Qawaid al-Arabiyyah model based on the sequence of student mastery in the teaching of Arabic grammar. This study uses a qualitative research design by focusing on the case study method of various places. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a sentence construction test for students at SMKA, SABK and SMAN was conducted to identify the order of student mastery in learning Arabic grammar by using purposive sampling. Next, an empirical study was conducted on selected religious high school teachers to obtain teachers' views on the Arabic grammar sequence that is easy and difficult for students to master in learning Arabic grammar. It was then followed by the development of the Maharah al-Qawaid al-Arabiyyah model based on the sequence of student mastery in the teaching of Arabic grammar. The results of the study found that there is a sequence of easy and difficult mastery in learning Arabic grammar. The difficulty of students in mastering Arabic grammar is due to several factors, namely students’ confusion in the use of Arabic grammar method, difficulty in the Arabic grammar method, students' weakness in understanding Arabic grammar which is due to lack of practice in conversation as well as the fact that the Arabic language TnL and syllabus used lacks emphasis on several aspects of Arabic grammar. This model will be a reference for stakeholders such as the Ministry of Education Malaysia as well as educators to improve the TnL of Arabic grammar in line with the vision and mission of the MOE to produce a quality education system to develop the potential of skilled individuals in the Arabic language.
Design Of Online Arabic Language Learning Based On Independent Learning In Islamic Banking Study Program STEBANK Islam
Authors: Khambali Khambali , Machmudah Umi , Halimi Halimi
Published: March 2024

Islamic Banking Study Program STEBANK Islam Mr. Sjafruddin Prawiranegara is a private Islamic religious higher education institution that includes 2 credits of Arabic language learning as one of the instruments in achieving a graduate profile. The learning achievement target with the weight given is very minimal, therefore, in order for Arabic language learning to be effective and efficient, independent learning needs to be designed which is supported by an online system that provides learning freedom, this is as recommended by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Religion. This research is a descriptive qualitative research that describes the design of online Arabic language learning based on independent learning in the Sharia Banking study program at STEBANK Islam Mr. Sjafruddin Prawiranegara. The results show that although independent learning tends to be directed at skill mastery in non-formal education, the principles can be applied to formal education by providing limits in the form of competency mastery targets with a time duration determined by the institution that learners must adhere to with a learning system that provides flexibility in time and place.
Islamic-Arab Morals, Virtues and Characters In Arabic-Tamil Novel “Madinatun Nuhas” Or “Tamirapattanam”
Authors: Zubair K M A Ahamed , Nadwi A. Abdul Hai Hasani , Al-Bukhari M. Ahamedullah , Ali M.Yasar Arafath , Ali S.A. Usman
Published: March 2024

Madinatun Nuhas or Tamirapattanam holds the distinction of being the first Islamic novel written in India. It was penned in 1858 by Imam Al Aroos, utilizing both the Islamic-Arwi or Arabic-Tamil script and the Dravidian-Tamil script. This research article conducts a comprehensive study of Tamirappattanam, examining its style, contents, and the author himself. It analyzes this novel- highlighting Tamirappattanam as a pioneering Islamic novel. This article aims to establish a position for Islamic novels and literature, tracing the initial endeavors in India. Islamic literature, while not a cutting-edge domain, has deep roots in the history of Islam. This novel weaves together historical, legendary, and literary characters in a narrative infused with Islamic themes and values. The novel explores the unique power and dominion of Prophet Sulaiman, as well as the grandeur of the Abbasid Caliphate. It portrays Allah's bounty and supremacy while emphasizing the importance of Islamic morals and principles. The author skillfully combines art and literature to create a work that not only entertains but also imparts Islamic teachings to the Ummah. Through the use of real historical figures and legends, the novel presents a vivid representation of Islamic culture and values. It strikes a balance between sentiment and thought, offering a harmonious relationship between faith and moral values."Tamirappattanam" stands as a significant contribution to Islamic literature, showcasing the artistic prowess of the author in crafting a narrative that educates and inspires readers. It serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of Islamic principles in shaping individual lives and society as a whole.
Needs Analysis For the Development Of Website-Based Interactive Infographic Modules in Arabic Grammar Learning
Authors: Abdul Hamid Mohd Fauzi , Sahrir Muhammad Sabri , Ab. Halim Zulazhan , Yahaya Mohd Firdaus , Nasir Mohd Shahrizal , Sha'ari Shaferul Hafes , Amiruddin Ahmad Zaki
Published: March 2024

The use of technology in learning Arabic grammar can help students understand easier and with less difficulties. Infographics are one of the alternatives of today's technology that aim to make learning information simple, interesting and easy to understand. This study focuses on students' views on the need to develop web-based interactive infographic modules in learning Arabic grammar. This study uses the Design and Development Research approach. Questionnaire instruments were used to obtain analysis data related to the use of learning materials, learning approach issues, the tendency to utilise innovation and the needs of using interactive infographics. A total of 205 students from Bachelor of Arabic Studies, UniSZA who had taken Ibn Aqil's Syntax Text Study course were made to be respondents thats answer the questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software to obtain the mean and standard deviation. The data from the answered questionnaire shows that students collectively agreed that the development of an interactive infographic module should be developed. Interactive infographic content can attract students to understand complex lesson contents.
Inteligencia artificial y gestión documental en la gestión pública. Caso Perú
Authors: Viloria Ortín María Eugenia del Carmen
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo ofrece una reflexión acerca de los prerrequisitos necesarios para que el uso de la inteligencia artificial —en particular en la administración pública— responda de manera efectiva y oportuna a las necesidades de la sociedad. Entre estos prerrequisitos se describen no sólo aquellos que comportan al ser humano, como son la libertad, la razón y la moralidad, sino también los estrictamente vinculados a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, como son los algoritmos, los datos y sus fuentes, así como los que forman parte de la archivística, cuya función es garantizar la fiabilidad de las fuentes de información en el entorno público y el control de su accesibilidad, a fin de salvaguardar los derechos fundamentales de los ciudadanos. Igualmente, se aborda la participación de la gestión documental en el entorno electrónico como fuente segura para la utilización de la inteligencia artificial a través de la interoperabilidad, previo desarrollo de las herramientas de gestión indispensables para tal propósito, como son los instrumentos de valoración y de esquemas de metadatos descritos en los requisitos funcionales de cada organización.
Promoción de actividad física en complejos habitacionales
Authors: Gómez-Barbosa Mónica , Buriticá-Herrera Héctor Mario , Arrázola-David Mónica Judith , Parody-Muñoz Alexander , Molina-Romero Jainer Molina-Romero , Iglesias-Acosta Jesús Enrique
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) en trabajadores se asocian a factores de riesgo modificables, por lo que el estudio propone caracterizar la influencia de los componentes del subsistema físico espacial de los complejos habitacionales en la práctica de la actividad física de los trabajadores de una Institución de Educación Superior (IES) de Barranquilla y Pereira en el año 2022.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de correlación entre las características habitacionales y el nivel de actividad física de los trabajadores de una IES en Barranquilla y Pereira. Muestreo probabilístico con técnica de muestreo estratificado aleatorio simple. Se utilizó GPAQ Versión Corta (nivel de AF) y escala ECAVE modificada (complejo habitacional). El análisis estadístico se realizó en el software Statgraphics versión 16, aplicando estadística descriptiva e inferencial.
Resultados: Se observa significancia estadística entre las variables accesibilidad y disponibilidad para utilizar los parques, ciclo vías y senderos (p-valor 0,0105); así mismo influye el grado de seguridad de la zona donde vive el trabajador (p-valor 0,0342) y el sexo como factor individual (p-valor 0,0417).
Conclusiones: Se confirma la relación entre las características del complejo habitacional y la práctica de AF en trabajadores de una IES en Barranquilla y Pereira; esta relación incluye componentes individuales y habitacionales, los primeros muestran la asociación con el sexo, siendo más activos los hombres que las mujeres. Los componentes habitacionales se asocian con el grado de seguridad de la zona donde vive el trabajador y la percepción de los visitantes sobre el vecindario como zona peligro e inseguridad. 
 
Palabras clave: Actividad Física; Características de la Residencia; Enfermedades no Transmisibles; Conducta Sedentaria; Planificación de Ciudades.
Time to Think Antifungal Resistance
Authors: McCormick Thomas , Ghannoum Mahmoud
Published: March 2024

Increased antifungal resistance is exacerbating the burden of invasive fungal infections, as well as potentially contributing to the increase in resistant dermatomycoses. In this commentary, we focus on antifungal drug resistance, in contrast to antibacterial resistance. We provide a brief historical perspective on the emergence of antifungal resistance and propose measures for combating this growing health concern. The increase in the incidence of invasive and cutaneous fungal infections parallels advancements in medical interventions, such as immunosuppressive drugs, to manage cancer and reduce organ rejection following transplant. A disturbing relatively new trend in antifungal resistance is the observation of several fungal species that now exhibit multidrug resistance (eg, Candida auris, Trichophyton indotineae). Increasing awareness of these multidrug-resistant species is paramount. Therefore, increased education regarding potential fungus-associated infections is needed to address awareness in the general healthcare setting, which may result in a more realistic picture of the prevalence of antifungal-resistant infections. In addition to education, increased use of diagnostic tests (eg, micro and macro conventional assays or molecular testing) should be routine for healthcare providers facing an unknown fungal infection. Two critical barriers that affect the low rates for Antifungal Susceptibility Testing (AST) are low (or a lack of) sufficient insurance reimbursement rates and the low number of qualified laboratories with the capacity to perform AST. The ultimate aim is to improve the quality of patient care through fungal identification, diagnosis, and, where appropriate, susceptibility testing. Here we propose an all-encompassing call to action to address this emerging challenge.
Publish and perish: New issues in publication ethics
Authors: Akabayashi Akira
Published: March 2024

The expression "Publish or perish," first appeared in 1942. It signified the rising importance of publication as a means to obtain research funds and establish a secure academic career. The expression is still highly relevant, but increasingly problematic. Perhaps it should be revised to read “Publish and Perish”. We have reached a point where researchers, especially in non-English speaking countries, are no longer able to afford to publish their research. There seems little point in undertaking research if we can no longer disseminate or, indeed, apply the wisdom gained from it.
Penentuan Karakteristik Lahan Tembakau Berdasarkan Retensi Hara Menggunakan Fuzzy Mamdani pada Kecamatan Tlogomulyo Kabupaten Temanggung
Authors: Mahfuzh Muhammad Farhan , Yuliantari Risky Via
Published: March 2024

Fuzzy mamdani digunakan untuk menentukan karakteristik lahan tembakau berdasarkan retensi hara terdiri atas KTK Tanah, Ph H2O, dan C-Organik. Retensi hara merupakan salah satu karakteristik lahan tembakau yang dapat menghasilkan kualitas tembakau terbaik di Kecamatan Tlogomulyo Temanggung. Tidak semua di wilayah Kecamatan Tlogomulyo dapat menghasilkan tembakau kualitas terbaik atau srinthil. Srinthil merupakan jenis bentuk tembakau rajangan yang sudah mengering menyerupai rambut gimbal, menyatu dengan lainnya, serta memiliki ketajaman aroma. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan menyatakan bahwa fuzzy mamdani mampu menentukan wilayah yang memiliki kecocokan lahan berdasarkan retensi hara untuk menanam tembakau kualitas srinthil. Lahan tersebut berada pada Desa Losari dengan karakteristik KTK tanah tinggi, Ph H2O sebesar 5.5-6.5 dan C-Organik Tinggi sehingga dihasilkan nilai 0.94 atau sangat cocok untuk dijadikan lahan tanaman tembakau.
Optimasi Keekonomian dan Emisi pada Sistem Kelistrikan JAMALI Menggunakan Algoritma PSO
Authors: Anggawijaya Arizsatrio , Raharjo Jangkung , Adam Kharisma Bani
Published: March 2024

Sebagian besar listrik di Indonesia dikonsumsi oleh pelanggan yang terkoneksi ke pembangkit Jawa-Madura-Bali (JAMALI) yang menggunakan beberapa tipe pembangkit. Namun, seiring dengan perkembangan waktu dan teknologi, kebutuhan listrik di Indonesia semakin meningkat yang menyebabkan meningkatnya biaya operasional dan juga jumlah emisi yang dihasilkan dari setiap generator, sehingga diperlukan sebuah optimasi biaya operasional dan emisi yang dihasilkan oleh setiap pembangkit. Combined economic emission dispatch (CEED) merupakan sebuah upaya untuk mengatur seberapa besar daya yang dihasilkan dari setiap pembangkit dengan memperhatikan jumlah emisi dan biaya operasional yang dihasilkan oleh setiap pembangkit sesuai dengan karakteristik dari setiap pembangkit. Untuk melakukan optimasi pada CEED, algoritma particle swarm optimization (PSO) menjadi salah satu metode optimasi untuk menentukan prediksi hasil CEED terbaik dan terinspirasi dari konsep perilaku sosial hewan seperti kawanan burung dan kawanan ikan. Hasil pada PSO pada saat melakukan optimasi dapat mencapai biaya operasional dan emisi yang optimal pada saat melakukan optimasi 42 generator pembangkit JAMALI. Sehingga PSO dapat menghasilkan hasil optimasi yang terbaik. Algoritma particle swarm optimization (PSO) tidak hanya memberikan solusi optimal untuk penjadwalan pembangkit Jawa-Madura-Bali dengan mempertimbangkan biaya operasional dan gabungan economic dispatch dan emission dispatch, tetapi juga menunjukkan performa yang unggul dalam waktu iterasi rata-rata 1,4435 detik dan biaya operasional yang lebih rendah sebesar 45,482% dibandingkan dengan KMA.
Prime Solutions to the Diophantine Equation 2n = p2 +7
Authors: U Zaman Budee
Published: March 2024

The Diophantine equation for which p is prime 2^n = p^2 + 7 and n is integers with p > 0, is examined in this work. It is demonstrated by examining the characteristics of the equation that the only solutions meeting these requirements are p = 3 with n = 5 and p = 5 with n = 7. In order to analyze the above equation, it is necessary to look at the properties of primes and how they relate to powers of two. These results advance our knowledge of prime numbers and how they behave in certain mathematical problems.
Study on the Mechanical and Aging Properties of an Antibacterial Composite Resin Loaded with Fluoride‐Doped Nano‐Zirconia Fillers
Authors: Zheng Liyuan , Zhang Yi , Bai Yuming , Wu Qianju
Published: March 2024

Preventing the occurrence of secondary caries serves as one of the significant issues in dental clinic, thus make it indispensable to improving the properties of conventional composite resin (CR) by developing a novel CR. In present study, two groups of experimental CRs loaded with different contents of fluoride-doped nano-zirconia fillers (25 wt% and 50 wt%) were fabricated. The surface topography, mechanical performance, fluoride release, antibacterial effect, aging property and cytotoxicity of the experimental CRs were evaluated subsequently. A uniform distribution of the F-zirconia fillers over the whole surface of resin matrix could be observed. The experimental CRs showed continuous fluoride release within 28 days, which was positively correlated with the content of F-zirconia fillers. Moreover, the amount of fluoride release increased in the acidic buffer. Addition of F-zirconia fillers could improve the color stability, wear resistance and microhardness of the experimental CRs, without reducing the flexure strength. Furtherly, the fluoride ions released continuously from the experimental CRs resulted in effective contact and antibacterial properties, while they showed no cytotoxicity. As a consequence, considerations can be made to employ this new kind of composite resin loaded with fluoride-doped nano-zirconia fillers to meet clinical requirements when the antimicrobial benefits are desired.
Novel Fluorescent Strategy of B Cell Selective Probe
Authors: Cho Heewon , Hong Na-Kyung , Chang Young-Tae
Published: March 2024

Fluorescent bioprobes are invaluable tools for visualizing live cells and deciphering complex biological processes by targeting intracellular biomarkers without disrupting cellular functions. In addition to protein-binding concepts, fluorescent probes utilize various mechanisms, including membrane, metabolism, and gating-oriented strategies. This study introduces a novel fluorescent mechanism distinct from existing ways. Here, we developed a B-cell selective probe, CDrB, with unique transport mechanisms. Through SLC-CRISPRa screening, we identified two transporters, SLCO1B3 and SLC25A41, by sorting out populations exhibiting higher and lower fluorescence intensities, respectively, demonstrating contrasting activities. We confirmed that SLCO1B3, with comparable expression levels in T and B cells, facilitates the transport of CDrB into cells, while SLC25A41, overexpressed in T lymphocytes, actively exports CDrB. The observation suggests that SLC25A41 plays a crucial role in discriminating between T and B lymphocytes. Furthermore, it reveals the potential for reversible localization of SLC25A41 to demonstrate its distinct activity. This study is the first report to unveil a novel strategy of SLC by exporting the probe. We anticipate that this research will open up new avenues for developing fluorescent probes.
Re-inventories at two study sites in the Oberpfalz (Bavaria, Germany): Increase in RWA nests, herb biodiversity and dead wood in sustainably managed forests
Authors: Berberich Gabriele M. , Berberich Martin B.
Published: March 2024

The outstanding occurrences of red wood ant nests (RWA; Formica rufa-group) at two study sites in the Oberpfalz, NE Bavaria, Germany, could be confirmed by the 2023 re-inventory (a total of 5,393 nests and an increase by ≈8 %). RWA nests preferred mature and medium mature pine-dominated forests. Standing and downed dead wood do not negatively influence nests. Nest counts with woodpecker cavities and the diversity of the herb layer increased. The highly clustered nests in NW-SE direction suggests a strong interaction between nests distributions and the tectonic environment. Our developed (re-)inventory approach in combination with the comprehensive photo database is a valuable tool for a) monitoring the entire forest habitat including woodpecker cavities and dead wood in, at and around nests, and b) identifying GeoBio-Interactions. Such a comprehensive approach leads to more accurate and realistic counts of RWA nests during (re-)inventories and provides scientific evidence of the status quo of RWA occurrence. Our results disproved the unfounded and scientifically unsubstantiated blanket statement by laymen of the ASW Landesverband Bayern e.V. that RWA nest numbers in the Oberpfalz or even in the entire Bavaria are in sharp decline. We suggest seven to eight years as a suitable time interval for re-inventories.
LLM- Based Personalized Recommendations in Health
Authors: Galitsky Boris A.
Published: March 2024

Today, LLMs are not good at personalization providing recommendation. They advise physicians and financial advisors to ask professionals in respective fields for help, even having user information available. Answering questions of software professionals, LLM needs to deliver in-depth answers with codes or algorithms, whereas for professionals in other fields would need definitions and main concepts. The intent of this chapter is to make LLM answer tailored to the needs of users, taking into account available information about them. To do that, we need to generalize available information about a person like her health record, maintaining the privacy of this person. We rely on meta-learning techniques to design a LLM prompt to produce a personalization prompt to obtain a suitable relevant information. Such “meta-prompt” is produced by generalization operation applied to available documents for the user. These documents need to be de-identified so that they are sufficient for personalization on one hand and will maintain user privacy on the other hand. The second neuro-symbolic technique to support personalization is abductive reasoning, acting in parallel to LLM fine-tuning. Traditional recommendation and personalization techniques as well as modern, deep learning – based are presented, and the comparison is drawn to the proposed approach. We also share the evaluation and comparative analyses of these approaches. We consider an example for how to build personalization LLM systems coming from Langchain platform. We will explore how to construct chains to form a personalization profile for a user and apply it to user search and recommendation requests.
Familial Alzheimer’s Disease Neurons Bearing Mutations in PSEN1 Display Increased Calcium Responses to AMPA as an Early Calcium Dysregulation Phenotype
Authors: Targa Dias Anastacio Helena , Matosin Natalie , Ooi Lezanne
Published: March 2024

Familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) can be caused by mutations in PSEN1 that encodes presenilin-1, a component of the gamma-secretase complex that cleaves amyloid precursor protein. Alterations in calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis and glutamate signaling are implicated in the pathogenesis of FAD, however it has been difficult to assess in humans whether or not these phenotypes are the result of amyloid or tau pathology. This study aimed to assess early calcium and glutamate phenotypes of FAD by measuring the Ca2+ response of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons bearing PSEN1 mutations to glutamate and the ionotropic glutamate receptor agonists NMDA, AMPA and kainate compared to isogenic control and healthy lines. The data shows that in early neurons, even in the absence of amyloid and tau phenotypes, FAD neurons exhibit increased Ca2+ responses to glutamate and AMPA, but not NMDA or kainate. Together this suggests that PSEN1 mutations alter Ca2+ and glutamate signaling as an early phenotype of FAD.
Pancreatic Cancer Management by Pentacyclic Triterpenes
Authors: Alqahtani Abdulaziz M. S. , Kadasah Sultan F. , Radwan Mohamed O.
Published: March 2024

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is considered one of the most challenging and formidable malig-nancies to treat because it is usually diagnosed at terminal stage, thus it is characterized with a poor prognosis with 5% of patients living over 5 years. The late diagnosis leads to a lower suc-cess rate of resectability, hence chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy are the only hopes for most PC patients. However, the available drug combinations for PC treatment did not provide satisfactory clinical outcomes. There is a pressing and urgent need to discover new chemothera-peutics which fight PC with tolerable side effects and less liability for resistance. Pentacyclic triterpenes (PTs) are privileged structures with a multitude of biological activities mitigating several ailments, particularly in neoplasm field. They are characterized by a high therapeutic window and their activity can be highly enhanced through structural modifications. Indeed, several parent PTs such as oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, lupeol, betulinic acid, and celastrol proved effective against different PC phenotypes inhibiting their proliferation, invasion, and metastasis mainly via KRAS modulation. Some PTs worked as adjuvant chemosensitizers in gemcitabine-resistant or TRAIL-resistant cells. Owing to their potential in PC treatment, we pre-sent this review article summarizing PC pathogenesis and the promising role of PTs in the man-agement of PC when used either solely or in combination with other chemotherapies such as gemcitabine and 5-Fluorouracil.
Malian children core gut mycobiome
Authors: Abdillah Abdourahim , Aly Kodio , Ranque Stéphane
Published: March 2024

Because data on the fungal gut community structure of African children are scarce, we aimed to describe by reanalysing rRNA ITS1 and ITS2metabarcoding data from a study designed to assess the influence of microbiota in malaria susceptibility in Malian children from the Dogon country. More specifically, we aimed to establish the core gut mycobiome and compare the gut fungal community structure of breastfed children, aged 0-2 years, with other age groups.
Briefly, DNA was extracted from 296 children’s stool samples. Both rRNA ITS1 and ITS2 genomic barcodes were amplified and subjected to Illumina MiSeq sequencing.
The ITS2 barcode generated 1,975,320 reads and 532 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), while the ITS1 barcode generated 647,816 reads and 532 OTUs. The alpha diversity was significantly higher by using the ITS1 compared to the ITS2 barcode (p