bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Stochastic Frontier Analysis Algorithms to Study Corporate Capital Structure Optimization and Risk Management: A State-Owned Enterprise Research Perspective
Authors: Zhang Xiayi , Dato Haji Yahya Mohamed Hisham , Abdul Rahim Norhuda , Ab Razak Nazrul Hisyam
Published: November 2024

For any industries, the measuring of Capital Structure Optimization (CSO) and Risk Management (RM) are essential aspect to improve performance and sustainability. State owned enterprise provide considerable challenges to perform the CSO and RM because of its inherent complexities and unique attributes. Further there are too little attempts were made to measure those attributes. This work is an attempt to study the influence of CSO and RM over the performance of State-Owned Enterprise (SOE). Particularly this study focuses on industries such as energy, utilities, telecommunications, transportation, manufacturing, financial services, real estate, healthcare, technology, and agriculture. The work study had employed a Translog Stochastic Frontier (TSF) model with Return on Assets (ROA) as the dependent variable and key financial ratios as independent variables. Using the data that was collected three years during the period from 2020 to 2023. The TSF model was optimized using goal programming approach based on set of constraints. The results from the findings have shown that the mean efficiency scores have improved across all industries after constraint applications
An examination of how digital media art is used in Chinese opera stage designs
Authors: Yang Zhiyong
Published: November 2024

**Introduction**  This study examines the use of digital media art in Chinese opera stage design and its impact on audience experience and opera expression. By introducing digital technologies such as virtual reality, holographic projection, and lighting design, this paper aims to enhance the visual expressiveness of the opera stage, optimize resource allocation, and increase the audience’s sense of immersion.**Methods**  A series of experiments were designed to assess the role of digital media technologies in stage resource utilization, the impact of color palette on emotional expression, and the audience’s sense of immersion and emotional resonance.**Results**  The experimental results show that digital media technology significantly improves the stage's visual effect, increases resource utilization rate by 20%, and significantly enhances the audience's immersion and emotional resonance index.**Conclusion**  Optimizing stage resource allocation through digital means not only reduces energy consumption but also improves performance efficiency. The study concludes that digital media art provides an innovative path for the modernization and digital development of Chinese opera and is expected to play an important role in the future dissemination and innovation of opera culture
True discernment or blind scepticism? Comparing the effectiveness of four conspiracy belief interventions
Authors: O'Mahony Cian , Murphy Gillian , Linehan Conor
Published: November 2024

In this research, we compared the effectiveness of four promising interventions (Priming, Inoculation, Active Inoculation, and Discernment), on a range of conspiracy thinking measures. Across two studies (total N = 1,766), we found that the inoculation-based interventions (but not Priming and Discernment conditions) were effective at reducing susceptibility to novel implausible conspiracy theories but did not improve critical appraisal of novel plausible conspiracy theories. We found that only the Discernment condition, which discouraged blind scepticism of conspiracy theories, significantly improved critical appraisal of both plausible and implausible conspiracy theories. The inoculation-based interventions (but not Priming and Discernment conditions) were moderately successful at reducing epistemically unwarranted beliefs. However, no intervention statistically significantly reduced general conspiracy ideation or significantly affected likelihood judgements for hypothetical conspiracy theories. The overall intervention effects ranged from small to moderate (ds = 0.14 - 0.72). These findings highlight both the importance of teaching discernment and measuring discernment as an outcome, as many well-established interventions designed to reduce belief in conspiracy theories may have either no effect or negatively impact participants’ ability to critically reason about plausible conspiracy theories.
Ecological Studies of Climate Factors and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Padang City 2020-2023
Authors: Fadilah Habibul Hamda , Al Asyary  , Roma Yuliana  , Arinil Haq  , Soraya Permata Sujana
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is actually a disease that can be prevented and cured. In 2022, TB became the second leading cause of death in the world after Coronavirus (COVID-19), and caused twice as many deaths as HIV/AIDS. Several studies have stated that climate factors such as exposure to high temperatures, dry environments and exposure to ultraviolet light can influence the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Objective: This research aims to determine the distribution and correlation of climate factors with the number of pulmonary TB cases in Padang City in 2020-2023.
Method: This research is an ecological study with the study population of Padang City. In this study the dependent variable is pulmonary TB cases and the independent variables are temperature, precipitation, and humidity. Pearson correlation is used to determine whether or not there is a relationship, the strength of the relationship, and the direction of the relationship between two normally distributed numerical variables. This research also describes descriptively the distribution of pulmonary TB cases in Padang City based on sub-districts using spatial analysis.
Result: There is significant relationship in 2022 between temperature (p=0.010) and precipitation (p=0.019) with pulmonary TB cases in Padang City. However, there are no variables of climates related to pulmonary TB when analyzed cumulatively from 2020-2023. Based on the results of spatial analysis, it can be seen that Koto Tangah sub-district is consistently in the high category of pulmonary TB cases in 2020-2023.
Conclusion: The research results found that temperature and precipitation in 2022 were significantly related with the incidence of pulmonary TB, while the humidity variable had no significant relationship with the incidence of pulmonary TB cases in Padang City. It is recommended to make climate factors such as one of the considerations in making policies related to the prevention of pulmonary TB.
The Correlation between Occupation and Birth Interval in Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Nur Reski Annisa  , Nadjamuddin  , Rahadi Arie Hartoko  , Sari Ifdiana Jalal
Published: November 2024

ntroduction: Postpartum hemorrhage stands as one of the major contributors to maternal mortality globally. Postpartum hemorrhage is a rapid heavy vaginal bleeding that can cause signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Many factors cause postpartum hemorrhage classified into indirect causes, namely type of delivery, age, parity, birth spacing, family income, education, and occupation.
Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation between occupation and birth spacing with primary postpartum hemorrhage.
Method: This study uses a case-control approach with a purposive sampling technique. The sample for this study included multigravida mothers and mothers diagnosed with primary postpartum hemorrhage at Ananda Maternity and Child Hospital, Makassar, in 2021. The total sample was 174 consisting of 84 cases and 84 control samples. The research instrument data is in the form of secondary data, namely medical records. Data analysis employed the chi-square test for bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis, with a significance level of 0.05
Result: The results of the bivariate analysis showed a relationship between occupation (p-value: 0.000) and delivery distance (p-value: 0.000). Working mothers are 6 times at risk for experiencing primary postpartum hemorrhage (OR= 5.833) while mothers whose delivery interval is < 2 years or > 5 years have 4 times the risk (OR= 3.719). The results of the multivariate analysis show that the work and pregnancy distance is significantly related to the risk of postpartum hemorrhage (value P: 0,000) where the odds ratio for work (OR = 6,178) is higher than the distance of pregnancy (OR = 4.008).
Conclusion: Occupational factors and birth spacing are significantly associated with primary postpartum hemorrhage, working mothers have a higher risk of experiencing primary postpartum hemorrhage. Pregnant women and women of childbearing age should receive more education about postpartum hemorrhage and its influencing factors to help prevent and identify it early.
Evaluation of the Design of Hemodialysis Patient Monitoring System at Lestari Kidney and Hypertension Clinic Semarang
Authors: Lutfatila Masitoh  , Cahya Tri Purnami  , Aris Puji Widodo
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Patients diagnosed with kidney disease are very difficult to accept and are not ready to undergo haemodialysis treatment.
Objective: Effectiveness is needed to make patients with chronic kidney disease more obedient to treatment and to ask about kidney treatment and important health information for kidney failure patients.
Method: The aim of this research is to evaluate the design of a patient's haemodialysis monitoring system in the Gingival Clinic and the Pressure of Current Lester, by conducting research based on methods and qualitative descriptive types of research.
Result: Research has shown that Clinical Kidney and Concurrent Lestari Hypertension require a haemodialysis patient monitoring system to facilitate healthcare in patient monitoring and facilitate physicians in decision making.
Factors Related to Sleep Quality in Final Semester Pharmacy Students of Mandala Waluya University
Authors: Cece Indriani  , Muh. Afdhal Firdaus  , Wa Ode Nova Noviyanti  , Ahmad Yani
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Sleep is a recovery process for the body and brain and is very important for achieving optimal health. Lack of sleep can cause students to become tired or easily tired, emotional instability, lack of self-confidence, excessive impulsiveness and carelessness. A preliminary study with 32 final year pharmacy students revealed that 32 said they experienced symptoms of irregular sleep patterns, stress, decreased appetite, anxiety and restlessness.
Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between stress, screen time, eating patterns and anxiety with sleep quality in final semester pharmacy students at Mandala Waluya University in 2024.
Method: The type of research used in this research is quantitative with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study was 158 final semester pharmacy students at Mandala Waluya University. A sample of 62 respondents was obtained using simple random sampling techniques. The analysis method uses Fisher's Exact Test.
Result: The statistical test results show that Stress obtained a value of p=0.004 and ? 0.05, namely 0.004 < 0.05, Screen Time obtained a value of p=0.004 and ? 0.05, namely 0.004 < 0.05, Eating Pattern obtained a value of p=0.001 and ? 0.05, namely 0.001 < 0.05, and Anxiety obtained a value of p = 0.000 and ? 0.05, namely 0.000 < 0.05.
Conclusion: Suggestions for students are that they hope to be able to improve sleep quality well so that it does not hinder the lecture process, then for further research, it is highly recommended to use online questionnaires such as Google Forms or similar and use other variables such as disease, caffeine consumption and the environment.
Prediction of Anemia Using Machine Learning Algorithms: Scoping Review
Authors: Kario Asrit Jessica , Rico Kurniawan
Published: November 2024

Introduction: One of the major public health problems is anemia, especially affecting newborn and infant children, adolescent girls, young women, pregnant women, and postpartum women. The cause of anemia is the reduced supply of red blood cells in the human body or the damage or weakening of the structure of red blood cells. One of the preferences of utilizing machine learning is the prediction of results.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare effective algorithms, related to the origin or source of the data set, data set size, metric evaluation and accuracy and produce predictors in predicting anemia using machine learning.
Method: This research uses a scoping review method on 4 databases, namely Scopus, EBSCO, PubMed, and IEEE Xplore from 2019 - 2024 with keywords anemia, algorithms, machine learning, and prediction. The results of screening articles on the Scopus, EBSCO, PubMed, and IEEE Xplore databases obtained 384 articles which were then selected through several stages and obtained 9 articles.
Result: The review found that the highest algorithm performance in anemia prediction, namely Penalized Regression (LASSO regression) accuracy above 64%, XGboost accuracy 100% and execution time 0.2404 seconds, Catboost accuracy 97.6%, Random Forest accuracy 95.49% and 72%, J48 algorithm accuracy of 97.7%, Logistic Regression accuracy 66% and AUC 69%, and SVM linear AUC 79.9%.
Conclusion: Machine learning can assist in the development of anemia prediction models by exploring large amounts of data and producing precise and fast predictors. The predictors obtained are determined by the selection of algorithms in the study.
Factors Affecting the Pattern of Health Service Receipt in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at the Pangirkiran Health Center, Padang Lawas Utara Regency
Authors: Marlina Harahap Enta , Ahmad Haslinah , J. Hadi Anto
Published: November 2024

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health problem, with an increasing prevalence rate. In Padang Lawas Utara Regency, especially at the Pangirkiran Health Center, DM sufferers face various obstacles in receiving optimal health services.
Objective: The study aims to analyze the factors that affect the pattern of receiving health services for people with diabetes mellitus.
Methods: This type of quantitative research with a cross sectional study design was conducted at the Pangirkiran Health Center, Padang Lawas Utara Regency. The population and sample were all 136 patients with diabetes mellate with an exhaustive sampling technique. Data collection using a research questionnaire. The data was processed and analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression as well as the presentation of data with tables accompanied by explanations.
Results: The results of the study prove that knowledge (p=0.007) and socio-cultural (p=0.008) have a significant effect on the pattern of receiving health services for people with diabetes mellitus. The most influential variable is Exp knowledge (B)=4.942.
Conclusion: The conclusion was obtained that knowledge factors about diabetes mellitus and socio-culture play a significant role in determining the pattern of health service receipt. Therefore, it is important for the Pangirkiran Health Center to improve health education programs, improve access to services, and involve families in the process of managing diabetes mellitus. This research is expected to provide policy recommendations to improve the quality of health services for people with diabetes mellitus in the region.
Identification of Best General and Specific Combiners for Soybean Improvement
Authors: Meena B. L. , Koli N. R. , Meena R K.
Published: November 2024

The present study on general combining ability effects and specific combining ability effects involves 15 parents viz., lines RKS 18, RKS 113, AUKS 199, AUKS 200, AUKS 212, RVSM 2011-35, JS 20-98, AUKS 202, AUKS 208, AUKS 218, JS 21-72, NRC 165 and tester JS 20-34, NRC 138, SL 958 with their 36 F1 hybrid through Line x Tester mating system. The present investigation was undertaken using Randomized Block Design with three replications. The combining ability effects were estimated for thirteen characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, 100-Seed weight, seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index, protein content and oil content. The result showed that gca effects of parents and sca effects of hybrids were significant differed. Among the parents, AUKS 212 was found to be good general  combiner based on the per se performance and gca effects for seed yield and other contributing traits and four hybrids AUKS 113 x SL 958, RVSM 2011-35 x NRC 138, AUKS 199 x JS 20-34 and NRC 165 x JS 20-34 were superior high sca effects for seed yield and yield contributing traits. These crosses can be utilized in future breeding programmes and exploitation of better segregants through pedigree method or single seed descent method in advance generations for improvement of yield and yield attributes coupled with quality traits sound soybean genotypes.
Evaluation of Biopesticides for Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Control and Predator Safety in Maize Field Condition
Authors: Dubale J.J. , Shinde B.D. , Ingole D.B.
Published: November 2024

Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a major pest of maize worldwide. The objective of present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various biopesticides for managing S. frugiperda infesting maize in vegetative (whorl) and reproductive (cob) stages, their effect on the predator, and their effects on yield in Indian conditions. A field trial was conducted in 2019-20 and 2020-21 using a randomized complete block design. The effect of biopesticides against S. frugiperda infesting maize indicated that all the treatments were found effective against fall armyworm as compared to untreated control in management practices applied at the vegetative (whorl) as well as reproductive (cob) stage of maize. Among the biopesticides, spinosad 45 SC was found most effective against fall armyworm followed by Nomuraea rileyi 2×108cfu/g. Among biopesticides treatments, pongamia oil 1% was safe for lady beetles and spiders followed by Bacillus thuringienesis 0.5% WP, Metarhizium anisopliae 2×108cfu/ml, Beauveria bassiana 2×108cfu/ml, Azadirachtin 10000 ppm and Nomuraea rileyi 2×108cfu/g. Economics of bio-pesticides management practices revealed that Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/l was the most economical one recording the highest yield (130.63 q/ha) and ICBR 1:36.07. It was followed by Nomuraea rileyi @ 4 g/l, Beauveria bassiana @ 5 ml/l, and Metarhizium anisopliae @ 3 ml/l recording ICBR of 1:12.72, 1:11.73, and 1:11.57 respectively. This study has shown the potential use of biopesticides for the management of FAW. This would offer the farmers a sustainable and affordable option for the management of FAW.
Responsabilidad social universitaria enfocada en el cuidado de adultos mayores
Authors: Morales Romero Rocío Guadalupe
Published: November 2024

Las Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior (IES) en México, tienen entre sus principios básicos la docencia, investigación y extensión. En este sentido, la extensión se realiza desde diversas aristas, atendiendo a los principios, planeación y alcances de cada entidad universitaria. En el caso de la Universidad de Guanajuato (UG), para fortalecer la extensión y vinculación se creó el Programa Univerciudad UG Silao, con el objetivo de acercar el conocimiento a la población en general por medio de actividades de formación continua, atendiendo a la tendencia poblacional y necesidades de la región, se ha hecho énfasis en el cuidado y desarrollo integral del adulto mayor. En ese tenor, la presente publicación evidencia el trabajo de responsabilidad social Universitaria, con un enfoque hacia el cuidado y desarrollo integral de adulto mayor; la metodología utilizada se desarrolló a través de un FODA en el que se analizaron los entornos internos y externos de la institución y con ello empatar las preferencias de usuarios que fueron entrevistados con la aplicación de un segundo instrumento; lo cual permitió que en el diseño y planeación de las actividades y enfoque del programa permitiera que uno de los ejes primordiales sea el cuidado del adulto mayor. Entre los hallazgos encontrados, se puede hacer referencia al desarrollo de competencias y habilidades prácticas, la vinculación de la institución con otras entidades y con la comunidad, fortalecimiento de la empatía respecto a los adultos mayores, fomento a la intergeneracionalidad y de manera indirecta la visibilización en materia de la necesidad de políticas públicas en el tema del cuidado.
Conceptualizing agile business practices for enhancing SME resilience to economic shocks
Authors: Bamidele Micheal Omowole  , Amarachi Queen Olufemi-Phillips  , Onyeka Chrisanctus Ofodile  , Nsisong Louis Eyo-Udo  , Somto Emmanuel Ewim
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the role of agile business practices in fortifying small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) against economic shocks, emphasizing resilience as a critical factor for sustainable growth. Given SMEs' vulnerability to unpredictable economic shifts, the study explores how agility — defined by rapid adaptation, flexibility, and innovation — enables these enterprises to navigate and recover from disruptions effectively. Through a review of resilience-building frameworks, the paper identifies core agile practices, such as adaptive decision-making, lean management, and iterative product development, as pivotal to enhancing SMEs' operational and strategic resilience. Findings indicate that SMEs leveraging agile methodologies experience improved responsiveness to market changes, reduced operational risks, and greater capacity to maintain continuity during crises. Additionally, the study discusses the integration of digital tools, cross-functional teams, and customer-centric approaches as enablers of agility that strengthen resilience. Conclusions underscore the necessity for SMEs to adopt agile frameworks not only as a response mechanism but also as a proactive strategy for long-term stability and competitiveness in volatile markets. This research contributes to the growing discourse on SME resilience, offering actionable insights for stakeholders seeking to embed agility as a fundamental attribute in organizational practices.
Optimización de procesos en organizaciones públicas en Panamá: estrategias y herramientas
Authors: Pérez Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

La optimización de procesos en las organizaciones públicas es un desafío constante debido a factores como la burocracia y la resistencia al cambio. Esta investigación, de carácter teórico, se centra en analizar las estrategias y herramientas innovadoras que pueden implementarse para mejorar la eficiencia y eficacia de los procesos en las organizaciones públicas de Panamá. A través de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura especializada y el análisis de casos de éxito a nivel internacional, se identificarán las principales áreas de oportunidad para la optimización de procesos en el contexto panameño. Se espera que los resultados de este estudio contribuyan a generar conocimiento sobre las mejores prácticas en la materia y a sentar las bases para futuras investigaciones empíricas. Entre los hallazgos preliminares, se anticipa que la falta de capacitación del personal, la obsolescencia de los sistemas de información y la resistencia al cambio son factores limitantes para la optimización de procesos. Asimismo, se espera que el estudio revele la importancia de adoptar tecnologías de automatización y metodologías como Lean y Six Sigma para mejorar la eficiencia y reducir costos. Como conclusión, la optimización de procesos es una tarea fundamental para mejorar la calidad de los servicios públicos y aumentar la satisfacción ciudadana. Los resultados de esta investigación proporcionarán una guía valiosa para los tomadores de decisiones en Panamá, al identificar las estrategias y herramientas más adecuadas para abordar los desafíos de la modernización de la gestión pública.
From Paired Text to Blended Genres: Pairing Picturebooks with Poems
Authors: Bintz William P. , Galeza Abbey
Published: November 2024

This article introduces the concept of blended genres and describes a rationale for using blended genres to teach important topics in the English Language Arts (ELA) classroom. It begins with a vignette that sparked curiosity about, and the motivation to develop, a variety of blended genres. It describes blended genres as rooted in traditional notions of paired text, provides theoretical background on the benefits of paired text, and highlights intertextuality as one important benefit, among others. It shares examples of blended genres and illustrates samples of instructional strategies used with blended genres to support intertextuality and student learning on important topics in English/Language Arts (ELA). It ends with concluding thoughts.
Teaching Vocabulary in Meaningful and Memorable Ways: Explicit Instruction in the English Classroom
Authors: Whitaker Adam
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the importance of facilitating explicit vocabulary instruction in the English Language Arts (ELA) classroom. Vocabulary research on best practices suggests that explicit instruction can potentially increase student learning outcomes. The discussion begins with research on effective instruction, identifying words to teach, and ends by providing practical strategies that can be used in the ELA classroom.
SSSLIDE into Reading Big Words! A Strategy for Decoding Multisyllabic Words
Authors: Tovey Shannon
Published: November 2024

The ability to decode multisyllabic words significantly impacts fluency, automaticity, vocabulary, and comprehension ability. As students advance to the intermediate grades, this skill becomes increasingly critical as they are exposed to a greater volume of informational text containing a higher frequency of multisyllabic and unfamiliar words. Given the rising number of older children reading below grade level, it is essential for intermediate-grade teachers to employ effective and efficient strategies to teach multisyllabic word decoding. This article introduces SSSLIDE, a straightforward strategy that can be taught in just twelve 30-minute lessons, empowering students to decode most multisyllabic words and ultimately to make sense of what they read.
Three Dimensional Analysis of Arguments in Korean and US Textbooks of the Circumcenter and Incenter of a Triangle
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Yi Gyuhee , Baek Seungju
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze arguments regarding the definitions and proofs of the circumcenter and incenter of triangles as presented in Korean middle school 2nd-grade mathematics textbooks based on the 2015 revised curriculum and in American geometry textbooks aligned with the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics(CCSSM). To achieve this goal, arguments related to the circumcenter and incenter of triangles presented in Korean and American textbooks were analyzed from structural, content, and recipient-orientation dimensions in the thought experiments, definitions, and proof stage. As a result of the study, there are differences in (1) the location of definition and proof of data(D), warrant(W), and claim(C) at the structural dimension, (2) the definition and proof of warrant(W) at the content dimension, and (3) linguistic presentation in the thought experiment and proof at the recipient-orientation dimension. The implications for the future textbook are discussed, providing insights into proof mathematics education.
Exploring Teaching Method of Functional Thinking through Analysis of the Elementary School Mathematics Textbooks
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Kim Jeongwon
Published: November 2024

Functional thinking can foster elementary students’ algebraic thinking and serves as the foundation for the later learning of the concept of functions. This study aimed to analyze the unit of ‘patterns and correspondence’ in 10 different government-authorized mathematics curricular materials for fifth graders aligned to the 2015 revised national mathematics curriculum. The results showed that the activities in the textbooks primarily focused on generalizing and representing the relationship between two varying quantities, with limited emphasis on the activities for justifying and reasoning the relationships. Furthermore, the activities encouraged students to explore both changes of two quantities and correspondence rules and to represent the relationships with various representations, facilitating the development of students’ covariational thinking and correspondence relationships. On the other hand, the meaning of correspondence relationships and the descriptions of functional expressions were differently interpreted according to the textbooks. The implications for development of subsequent curricular materials were discussed to enhance functional thinking.
A Study on the Development of Mathematical Resilience Measurement for Elementary Students
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Kim Rina
Published: November 2024

Mathematical resilience refers to the ability of a learner not to give up when faced with difficulties while learning mathematics and to overcome them positively. Mathematical resilience affects learners’ ability to continue math without giving up. Therefore, understanding students' mathematical resilience and its status is necessary for understanding the defining characteristics of mathematics learners and developing various teaching and learning methods and policies to help struggling learners. In this study, I applied a survey tool to measure the mathematical resilience of 3rd to 6th grade elementary school students. A mathematical resilience measurement tool developed through two pilot tests was applied to 541 students from five randomly selected elementary schools in Seoul, South Korea. As a result of analyzing the reliability and validity of the survey results using statistical methods, a mathematical resilience measurement tool for elementary school students consisting of 20 sub-questions related to values, beliefs, and resilience was completed. The measurement tool developed in this study is expected to provide implications not only for understanding the defining characteristics, including mathematical resilience, of students in the future, but also for developing various teaching and learning materials and establishing educational policies.
Analysis of pedagogical intention and implementation in the shape area of the mathematics curriculum in elementary school
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Park Ji Hyun , Sung Ji Hyun
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the pedagogical intentions contained in the shape area of the 2015 revised elementary mathematics curriculum and textbooks and to critically examine the contents that may be difficult in the pedagogical implementation process through teaching and learning. The 2015 revised curriculum and authorized textbooks that embody the pedagogical intentions of the curriculum were analyzed, and the knowledge of teachers in the evaluation items developed by teachers based on the curriculum and textbooks was examined. As a result of the study, there were cases where it was difficult to properly convey pedagogical intentions to students in the teaching and learning process due to the definition of terms used in the curriculum or the order in which concepts were presented, and there were teaching and learning contents presented in textbooks but not revealed in the curriculum. In addition, there were cases where there were differences in the presentation method for each textbook regarding the definition and properties covered in the shape area. In addition, there were cases where teachers inappropriately interpreted the pedagogical intent contained in the curriculum, and it was confirmed that in some of these cases, there was a possibility that the intent of the curriculum could be misinterpreted due to the contents presented in textbooks or teacher’s guide.
An Analysis of the Relationship between Multiplication and Division in the Division Introduction Unit of Korean Elementary Mathematics Textbooks
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Joung Youn-Joon
Published: November 2024

Multiplication and division can cancel each other's calculation results, and they are in the relationsheep of inverse operations. Division is mathematically defined based on multiplication. This means that division assumes a multiplication structure. It is also possible to explain the inverse operation relationship between multiplication and division in the way that division utilizes the multiplication structure. In particular, when expressed as a multiplicative expression, division corresponds to the problem of finding the number to be multiplied or multiplied with a given product. This is the opposite of the calculation direction of multiplication, and the number to be found can vary depending on the context of division. Based on the analysis of the inverse operation relationship between multiplication and division, the division introduction unit of 11 elementary school textbooks were analyzed. Korea's elementary school mathematics textbooks teach division and division calculation methods based on the context of the inverse operation relationship between multiplication, and the contexs of division. As a result of the textbook analysis, it was found that the textbooks taught the relationship between multiplication and division as the quotient of division could be obtained using the related multiplication formula, and the number to divide the related multiplication formula was fixed as the number to be multiplied. Accordingly, the position of the quotient is at the multiplier in the multiplication expression, and this means that the context of the division is measurement division. As a result of adhering to this division quotient calculation method, problems arise when Korean elementary school mathematics textbooks explain the division calculation process in the context of the equal division system using multiplication formulas, and there are cases where the division quotient calculation method is inappropriate for the multiplication structure. Based on the textbook analysis results, some ideas were proposed to improve the teaching of the relationship between multiplication and division, and division.
A Survey of Elementary School Teachers' Perceptions of the Beauty of Mathematics
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Do Joowon
Published: November 2024

In order to teach students the aesthetic value of mathematics, teachers must first recognize such value in various aspects. Accordingly, this study investigated elementary school teachers' perceptions of beautiful mathematics problems and the 'aesthetics of mathematics. The responses were classified by undergraduate major using the repeated constant comparison method, and then frequency analysis and qualitative analysis were conducted in parallel. The conclusions from the research results are as follows. First, the areas of problems that perceive beauty differ by undergraduate major, and teachers who majored in other fields presented beautiful mathematics problems in various areas. Second, most of the elementary school teachers had specific beliefs about the beauty of mathematics and gave explicit explanations for their beautiful mathematics problems. Third, teachers who majored in mathematics education tended to perceive the beauty of mathematics because of its mathematical beauty, while teachers who majored in other fields tended to perceive the beauty of mathematics because of its usefulness. Fourth, teachers who majored in mathematics education had a higher percentage of beliefs related to mathematical beauty than to the usability of mathematics. The results of this study can provide basic data for research on the aesthetics of mathematics and contribute to raising teachers' awareness of the aesthetic value aspects of mathematics.
History in the Making
Authors: Holly Donald H.
Published: November 2024

The Eastern Subarctic has long been portrayed as a place without history. Challenging this perspective, History in the Making: The Archaeology of the Eastern Subarctic charts the complex and dynamic history of this little known archaeological region of North America. Along the way, the book explores the social processes through which native peoples “made” history in the past and archaeologists and anthropologists later wrote about it. As such, the book offers both a critical history and historiography of the Eastern Subarctic.
Hate Speech Is Not Free
Authors: Hopkins W. Wat
Published: November 2024

Hate speech has been a societal problem for many years and has seen a resurgence recently alongside political divisiveness and technologies that ease and accelerate the spread of messages. Methods to protect individuals and groups from hate speech have eluded lawmakers as the call for restrictions or bans on such speech are confronted by claims of First Amendment protection. Problematic speech, the argument goes, should be confronted by more speech rather than by restriction.

Debate over the extent of First Amendment protection is based on two bodies of law—the practical, precedent determined by the Supreme Court, and the theoretical framework of First Amendment jurisprudence. In Hate Speech is Not Free: The Case Against Constitutional Protection, W. Wat Hopkins argues that the prevailing thought that hate is protected by both case law and theory is incorrect.

Within the Supreme Court’s established hierarchy of speech protection, hate speech falls to the lowest level, deserving no protection as it does not advance ideas containing social value. Ultimately, the Supreme Court’s cases addressing protected and unprotected speech set forth a clear rationale for excommunicating hate speech from First Amendment protection.
The Question of Law
Authors: Kim Young
Published: November 2024

In pursuit of the question of law, Young Kim explores foundational political and moral concerns and develops a new normative theory of law. This theory of law may be stated as two principles, in lexical priority, as follows:

First Principle: One should obey those laws of legal-rational political authority that do not otherwise violate societal norms and customs.

Second Principle: Government should only enforce rules of human behavior of legitimate legal-rational political authority.

This view understands the foundation of law to be political, including the power to enforce rules. Thus, as this book argues, the question of law is seen primarily as a question of obedience—whether and in what circumstances it is appropriate to obey the law. Furthermore, justice is seen as providing the moral framework within which rules of law are articulated. Law should serve the demands of justice; in particular, the theory of justice as right actions, which is led by moral concerns.
Exploring the Acceptance of the Public Consumer in Scandinavian Governance: An Essay About Choice as Both a Right and an Obligation
Authors: Karlsson Tom S.
Published: November 2024

In this essay, I critically explore the acceptance of the “public consumer” concept within Scandinavian governance. The rise of neo-liberal policies and New Public Management has significantly influenced current governance models, emphasizing principles of competition and marketisation to enhance public sector efficiency. However, limited attention has been given to the public consumer concept, particularly within the Scandinavian context, despite the region's prominence in adopting new and innovative management techniques. Drawing upon Anglo-Saxon literature and Scandinavian administrative models, I explore why the public consumer concept has been so accepted in Scandinavian governance contexts. I argue that the existence of mixed administrative models has created a fertile ground for accepting the public consumer as a viable actor in Scandinavian governance. This is highlighted by understanding choice as both a right and an obligation. Furthermore, I argue that although the public consumer concept may be attributed to the rise of New Public Management, it is expected that the public consumer will play an even more intricate role as post-New Public Management comes into motion.
Analysis of the Relationship between Symptoms, Clinical Diagnosis, and Findings of CT-Scan Images to Pictures of Vertebrobasilar Artery Insufficiency
Authors: Sudharmadji Sudharmadji , Leslie Greatavia Meanda , Herryanto David
Published: November 2024

Vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency (VBI) occurs when the blood flow to the posterior circulation of the brain, supplied by the vertebral arteries, becomes inadequate. Frequently, VBI is detected accidentally through CT-Scan in patients who do not show symptoms directly related to this condition. This study highlights the importance of comprehensive evaluation and early screening to improve VBI management. The main objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between clinical symptoms, clinical diagnosis, and CT-Scan findings to enhance diagnostic accuracy and develop more effective treatment strategies. A cross-sectional design was used in this study, with samples obtained from the medical records of patients diagnosed with Vertebrobasilar Artery Insufficiency at Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta between January and April 2023. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and processed with SPSS software. The patient population was dominated by elderly individuals (73%) and males (60.5%), although these differences were not statistically significant.The findings suggest that VBI symptoms vary based on age, with older patients more likely to exhibit stroke and hemiparesis, while younger patients typically experience headaches and vertigo. Screening for risk factors like cholesterol and blood sugar levels is crucial for patients over 45, whereas younger patients may require additional tests to assess cardiometabolic or hypercoagulation risks. Early detection through age-appropriate screening is vital for preventing serious complications and improving patient outcomes. These findings imply that systematic screening can help identify undiagnosed VBI cases, allowing for timely and more effective medical intervention.
When Would You Feel Like a Writer? Exploring Writing with Newcomer Students
Authors: Peixoto Sinélia , Williamson Thea
Published: November 2024

The authors share a story of a middle school writer’s experience navigating across languages in an English for Speakers of Other Languages support classroom.
"Och ett päron mognar i skuggan"
Authors: Bjerstedt Sven
Published: November 2024

Following the record company Blue Note’s publicity campaign for jazz pianist Thelonious Monk in 1948, the image of Monk commonly presented in Swedish as well as American media was one of an eccentric, mysterious, even weird musician, sometimes viewed as a genius. This article presents and discusses the development of the Swedish media image of Monk during the period 1948–63, from the first mentions of him in Swedish press until his second concert performance in Stockholm. The presentation includes an overview of epithets commonly associated with Monk in Swedish media; a brief look at two poems on Monk; summaries of how Monk was depicted as a musician and as a human being; a presentation of the few interviews with Monk published in Sweden; and a summary of the media coverage of Monk’s Stockholm concerts in 1961 and 1963. In sum, the media image of Monk went through a process of radical development during the period: from being presented as unknown over being dismissed as bizarre and incomprehensible to being described as familiar and ‘hip’. In a concluding section, the presented material is discussed from the perspective of social constructionism.
Drinking in Music
Authors: Swanson Alan
Published: November 2024

The name and music of Arvid Niklas von Höpken (1710-78) has largely been bypassed, though full-scores of his two operas and an intermezzo survive. The first performance of the intermezzo, in 1936, brought new and positive recognition of his music, and a doctoral dissertation by Johanna Ethnersson in 2003 gave a close discussion of the two operas. The focus here on the intermezzo complements Ethnersson’s study. In this, the libretto has turned out to be of special interest because instead of presenting two characters of widely differing social standing, as in La serva padrona, for instance it gives us two characters not too socially distant from each other. Each is smart and each plays tricks upon the other. The arias and duets provide an anthology in brief of all the major forms in mid-eighteenth century opera. After a brief historical sketch of the context, the analysis follows the three scenes (each called an intermezzo) and twelve arias and ensembles in order. A secondary discovery has led to the probable author of the otherwise anonymous libretto.
Adolescent Sleep Quality as Critical Component of Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Adamčák Štefan , Marko Michal , Bartik Pavol
Published: November 2024

Background and purpose

Adolescence is a critical period for physical, emotional, and cognitive development. High-quality sleep during this phase is essential for healthy growth, emotional well-being, optimal weight, and learning. These factors significantly influence the academic achievements of young people. Purpose: to develop and experimentally justify the methodology of training basketball teams of humanitarian higher educational institutions, taking into account the psychophysiological capabilities of the players.

Material and methods 

The sample consisted of 626 secondary vocational school students aged 17 years from the Central Slovakia region (353 girls and 273 boys). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The questionnaires were distributed electronically via Google Forms from October 2023 to March 2024. The results were analyzed with an emphasis on gender differences using the chi-square test (χ2), F-test, and independent t-test at significance levels of p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively.

Results

The majority of students, both boys and girls, fell asleep between 11:00 PM and midnight. The average bedtime was 10:54 PM for girls and 10:50 PM for boys, with no significant differences between genders. Significant differences were found in wake-up times, with nearly 40% of girls waking up before 6:00 AM, compared to only 24% of boys (p<0.01). Boys experienced fewer difficulties falling asleep, with 21% falling asleep within 15 minutes (p<0.05). The average sleep duration was 6 hours and 28 minutes for girls and 6 hours and 55 minutes for boys, a statistically significant difference (p<0.01). Sleep efficiency was higher in boys (84.25%) compared to girls (78.75%). Sleep problems, daytime dysfunction, and mood changes were more frequent among girls (p<0.01). Only 28.33% of girls and 39.19% of boys had good sleep quality (p<0.01), while 17.00% of girls and 4.40% of boys exhibited severe sleep disturbances

Conclusions

Our findings indicate significant gender differences in sleep habits and quality, consistent with existing literature. These results highlight the need for increased attention to sleep issues among adolescents and the implementation of preventive and intervention measures to improve sleep quality, which could have a positive impact on their overall health and well-being.