bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enseñanza de la historia y textos escolares: el Curso elemental de historia de Bolivia (1936-1944) de Antonio Díaz Villamil
Authors: Iño Daza Weimar
Published: December 2021

Los textos escolares históricos no solamente remiten a la forma de enseñanza de la historia, sino a la memoria, sus imaginarios y actitudes de un determinado contexto geográfico y periodo histórico. El artículo desarrolla una mirada a las principales contribuciones en Bolivia sobre los textos escolares de enseñanza de la historia. Luego se presenta el análisis del texto escolar Curso Elemental de Historia de Antonio Díaz Villamil, por un lado, se describe su trayectoria y el contexto sociohistórico en que fueron escritos los cuatro tomos; por otro, se analiza el tomo IV desde la interpretación, percepción y orientación histórica. El aporte del artículo radica en visibilizar algunos criterios para el análisis de textos escolares de historia.
A Complicated ‘Denominator’ of the Beginnings of the History of the Charismatic Renewal in the Roman Catholic Church
Authors: Kasprzak Artur Antoni
Published: December 2021

Every story has its beginning. Most stories have their end. An attempt at a synthetic analysis of the history of the beginning of the Charismatic Renewal in the Roman Catholic Church turns out to be confronted with a  certain initial reality: not only does this history not have a specific beginning, but it also has no end. It is a story that is still open. In celebrating its fiftieth birthday in the Roman Catholic Church recently (2017), a symbolic experience was taken as the original reference date. The receipt of charisms by members of a small group of American students on 18 February 1967, in Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) in the United States, is a date and place that is in a sense only symbolic. Neither that moment nor that event exhausts the vast and much broader charismatic experience of the Holy Spirit in the Church, which can be seen in various and numerous moments in the history of the Church. This study efforts to explain this singular experience from the perspective of analysing the essential elements of the first structuring of the Charismatic Renewal in the Roman Catholic Church in the 20th century. The study is also an attempt at a synthetic look at the history, but also at its authors, including Ralph Martin, Steve Clark, Gerry Rauch, Veronica O'Brien, Cardinal Léon-Joseph Suenens and Pope Paul VI.
Theology of the Mission in Preaching of the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate in the Light of the Encyclical Redemptoris missio
Authors: Wiśniewski Sebastian
Published: December 2021

The Church constantly responds to the call to evangelize as it is aware of its missionary duty. Theological reflection on the mission of the Church was the main topic of the encyclical of John Paul II Redemptoris missio. This article attempts to examine the extent to which this papal teaching is undertaken in the preaching of the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate. The author points to the thematic areas of the encyclical that the Oblates refer to in their preaching, and presents issues that are missing in the published texts of the sermons.
Unparalleled and revolutionary impact of PET imaging on research and day to day practice of medicine
Authors: Alavi Abass , Werner Thomas J. , Stępień Ewa Ł. , Moskal Pawel
Published: December 2021

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is the most quantitative modality for assessing disease activity at the molecular and cellular levels, and therefore, it allows monitoring its course and determining the efficacy of various therapeutic interventions. In this scientific communication, we describe the unparalleled and revolutionary impact of PET imaging on research and day to day practice of medicine. We emphasize the critical importance of the development and synthesis of novel radiotracers (starting from the enormous impact of F-Fluorodeouxyglucose (FDG) introduced by investigators at the University of Pennsylvania (PENN)) and PET instrumentation. These innovations have led to the total-body PET systems enabling dynamic and parametric molecular imaging of all organs in the body simultaneously. We also present our perspectives for future development of molecular imaging by multiphoton PET systems that will enable users to extract substantial information (owing to the evolving role of positronium imaging) about the related molecular and biological bases of various disorders, which are unachievable by the current PET imaging techniques.
Analytical evaluation of the Nittobo Medical tartrate resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRACP-5b) EIA and comparison with IDS iSYS in different clinically defined populations
Authors: Cavalier Etienne , Lukas Pierre , Delanaye Pierre
Published: December 2021

Objectives

Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, isoform 5b (TRACP-5b) is a bone resorption marker not influenced by renal function or food intake. TRACP-5b can be measured with Nittobo Medical enzymatic-immunoassay and IDS-iSYS automated immunoassay. We evaluated the Nittobo assay and established reference ranges for a Western-European population. We compared Nittobo and IDS results in different well-defined clinical populations.

Methods

We established the limits of detection and quantification (LOD-LOQ), linearity, imprecision and the reference ranges in 119 males, 50 women (<45 years) and 120 women (>60 years) for TRACP-5b with the Nittobo assay. We compared both assays in 30 hemodialyzed (HD), and 40 stage 3–5 patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD), 40 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis and 80 post-menopausal women. We measured TRACP-5b, β-crosslaps (β-CTX), bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) and PTH in 20 hemodialyzed (HD) and 40 CKD patients.

Results

LOD and LOQ were 0.02 and 0.35 U/L. CV ranged from 8.3 to 4.3% (2/5 samples presenting CV > desirable CV). Method was linear up to of 11.3 U/L. Upper and lower limits of normality were 0.8–7.6 U/L in men, 0.9–4.7 U/L in women <45 and 0.9–7.1 U/L in women >60. The regression equation between the 2 methods was Nittobo = 1.13 (95% CI: 1.09–1.16) × iSYS − 0.4 (95% CI: −0.5; −0.3). TRACP-5b and b-ALP were in their respective reference ranges for most of CKD and HD patients. That was not the case for β-CTX, which increased with decreasing eGFR.

Conclusions

Nittobo TRACP-5b presents interesting analytical features and a good concordance with IDS iSYS. These methods could thus potentially be harmonized.
Neutralizing antibody titers six months after Comirnaty vaccination: kinetics and comparison with SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays
Authors: Padoan Andrea , Cosma Chiara , Bonfante Francesco , della Rocca Foscarina , Barbaro Francesco , Santarossa Claudia , Dall’Olmo Luigi , Pagliari Matteo , Bortolami Alessio , Cattelan Annamaria , Cianci Vito , Basso Daniela , Plebani Mario
Published: December 2021

Objectives

mRNA vaccines, including Comirnaty (BNT162b2 mRNA, BioNTech-Pfizer), elicit high IgG and neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses after the second dose, but the progressive decrease in serum antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination have raised questions concerning long-term immunity, decreased antibody levels being associated with breakthrough infections after vaccination, prompting the consideration of booster doses.

Methods

A total number of 189 Padua University-Hospital healthcare workers (HCW) who had received a second vaccine dose were asked to collect serum samples for determining Ab at 12 (t12) and 28 (t28) days, and 6 months (t6m) after their first Comirnaty/BNT162b2 inoculation. Ab titers were measured with plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), and three chemiluminescent immunoassays, targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD), the trimeric Spike protein (trimeric-S), and surrogate viral neutralization tests (sVNT).

Results

The median percentages (interquartile range) for decrease in antibodies values 6 months after the first dose were 86.8% (67.1–92.8%) for S-RBD IgG, 82% (58.6–89.3%) for trimeric-S, 70.4% (34.5–86.4%) for VNT-Nab, 75% (50–87.5%) for PRNT50 and 75% (50–93.7%) for PRNT90. At 6 months, neither PRNT titers nor VNT-Nab and S-RBD IgG bAb levels correlated with age (p=0.078) or gender (p=0.938), while they were correlated with previous infection (p<0.001).

Conclusions

After 6 months, a method-independent reduction of around 90% in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was detected, while no significant differences were found between values of males and females aged between 24 and 65 years without compromised health status. Further efforts to improve analytical harmonization and standardization are needed.
Enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of bioactive heterocycles
Authors: Pariyar Gyan Chandra , Ghosh Pranab
Published: December 2021

Enzymes are proteins that functions as biological catalyst. It is now a known fact that enzyme can catalyze many synthetic operations better than the conventional reagents. Not only in the synthesis of natural products, they can also be applied for construction of varieties of unnatural compounds. In this chapter, Pariyar and Ghosh have discussed in brief synthesis of various biologically active heterocyclic compounds using different enzymes as catalysts. Among various enzymes, laccases, trypsin, α-amylase and Bakers’ yeast are few that are easily available and have been extensively explored for various synthetic strategies. This chapter will definitely serve as valuable source of information to the readers in the field of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
Titus 1,12: Epimenides, Ancient Christian Scholars, Zeus’s Death, and the Cretan Paradox
Authors: Cook John Granger
Published: December 2021

Many logicians and exegetes have read Titus 1,12 as an example of the Liar’s Paradox without paying sufficient attention to the nature of ancient oracular utterance. Instead of reading the verse as a logical puzzle, it should be read from its ancient context in the history of religions—a context of which ancient Christian scholars were aware. The Syriac scholars preserved a shocking Cretan tradition about Zeus’s death that probably goes back to Theodore of Mopsuestia. The god responsible for Epimenides’ oracle presumably rejected the Cretan tradition of Zeus’s death and tomb. The truth value of 1,12 consequently depends on the oracle and not the human being (i. e., Epimenides) who delivers the oracle. A reading sensitive to the history of religions preserves the Pauline author’s perspective in Titus 1,13: ἡ μαρτυρία αὕτη ἐστὶν ἀληθής. There is, consequently, a strong analogy between Caiaphas’s words in John 11:49–50 and those of Epimenides in Titus 1,12.
TÜRKİYE’DE NÜFUSUN YETERLİ VE DENGELİ BESLENMESİ AÇISINDAN HAYVANSAL GIDA ARZ VE TALEBİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: GÜRER Betül
Published: December 2021

Çalışmada, bireylerin yeterli ve dengeli beslenebilmesi için uzmanlar tarafından yaş ve cinsiyete göre önerilen günlük besin tüketim referans miktarlarını tükettikleri varsayıldığında, Türkiye’de nüfusun hayvansal ürünler arz ihtiyacı ve yeterliliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, Türkiye’de hayvancılık sektörüne yönelik destekleme kalemleri ve miktarındaki artış üretime olumlu yansımış, ancak üretimdeki artışın toplumun yeterli ve dengeli beslenmesini temin edecek boyutta olmadığı görülmüştür. 2019 yılında, Türkiye’de nüfusun yeterli ve dengeli beslenebilmesi için hayvansal gıda arz ihtiyacı kişi başı yıllık kırmızı et-tavuk eti için 31.39 kg, balık için 27.22 kg, yumurta için 13.54 kg ve süt ve süt ürünlerinde 252.99 kg olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ancak nüfusun mevcut beslenme kompozisyonu dikkate alındığında süt ve süt ürünleri hariç diğer hayvansal ürünler arzının ihtiyacın altında olduğu görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, nüfusun gereksinimine uygun hayvansal ürünler arzının ve erişilebilirliğinin sağlanması, toplumun beslenme sorunlarını dikkate alan üretim planlaması ile hayvansal ürünler arz zincirine yönelik bütüncül uzun vadeli tedbirlerin birlikte ele alınması ile mümkündür.
Influence of laser power in nanosecond laser texturing for a hydrophobic state on SS316L
Authors: M.H. Zul  , Ishak@Muhammad Mahadzir , M. H. Aiman  , M. M. Quazi
Published: December 2021

The use of lasers in surface engineering has recently made significant progress. The hydrophobic surface is commonly studied because of the application in various fields, including vehicles, aerospace, biomedicine, etc. Since these laser methods require many combination parameters, such as laser power (P), frequency (ƒ), scan speed (ʋ) and laser beam diameter (D), the effect of the parameters must therefore be investigated to produce the hydrophobic condition. This research tries to relate the laser power with the morphological properties and contact angle of the SS316L surfaces. Samples are subjected to laser texturing with different laser power settings. The surface is then characterised by surface roughness, and the contact angle is measured according to a specific time interval. The laser power output and energy density function on the surface and contact angle were investigated in these contexts experimentally. Surface roughness was defined and validated to show that the laser parameters' effect is effective and controllable. This study shows that the laser output intensity significantly contributes to regulating surface roughness and the substrate's wetting activity. The 18W and 24W laser outputs produce a spiked surface with various peaks that cause the surface to become hydrophobic over time because of the air-trap that happens in the valley.
Synthetic Co-Existing Wadsleyite β-(Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and Ringwoodite γ-(Mg,Fe)2SiO4: an Optical Absorption Spectroscopy Study
Authors: TARAN M.N.
Published: December 2021

The synthetic high-pressure α- and β-modification of (Mg1–xFex)2SiO4, wadsleyite and ringwoodite, respectively, were studied by optical absorption spectroscopy at ambient and hydrostatic high-pressure conditions. In addition, the effects of thermal annealing on the crystals were investigated. Under hydrostatic compression up to ~13 GPa and then consequent released to atmospheric pressure there were changes in the spectra and related changes in the crystal color. This is a clear indication that some Fe2+ was oxidized to Fe3+. The spectra of both ringwoodite and wadsleyite change after annealing in air at temperatures up to 300 °C. The intensities of electronic spin-allowed bands of Fe2+ decrease and the intensity of the charge-transfer electronic transition O2– → Fe3+, as given by the low-energy absorption edge in the UV region, increases. These crystal-chemical changes are shown by a weakening of the blue (ringwoodite) and green (wadsleyite) colors and a concomitant increase in yellowish tints. The effects of Fe2+ oxidation to Fe3+, upon decompression from high pressures as well as through annealing at relatively low temperatures, can cause the disintegration of both phases. Thus, both minerals have not yet been reliably identified at near surface Earth conditions after originating from deep-seated volcanism or deep subduction zone processes.
Petrological Features of Korsun'-Novomyrhorod Anorthosite-Rapakivi Granite Pluton
Authors: KRYVDIK S.G. , DUBYNA O.V. , YAKUBENKO P.F.
Published: December 2021

The Korsun’-Novomyrhorod pluton is the second after the Korosten one in terms of the scale of Proterozoic (1757-1748 Ma) anorthosite-rapakivi-granite magmatism in the Ukrainian Shield. According to geochronological data, pluton was formed as a result of multiple ascending and crystallization of basic to acidic melts. Differentiation of initial melts because to be responsible for gabbro-anorthosite and monzonites series crystallization. Whereas rapakivi granites, which are predominate in the modern erosion level, were formed from felsic magma not directly related with differentiation of basic melt. In view of the current level of mineralogical research, it is difficult to use modern geobarometry methods to reliably estimate the depth of rocks crystallization. At the same time, a number of factors (absence of volcanic and dike analogues of basic rocks, insignificant distribution of pegmatite bodies, predominance of high-Fe mafic minerals, absence of primary magnetite, etc.) indicate deeper conditions for rocks disclosed by modern erosional cut in comparition to similar Korosten pluton. Therefore, the liquid line of dissent, petrological and mineralogical features of the rocks can be explained by the reducing (low fO2) or abyssal conditions of their formation. It is possible that the deeper conditions of crystallization of parental melt are due to more distinctly developed syenitic trend of evolution with the appearance of high-Fe syenites during final stages. Preliminary data indicate on possibility of vertical layering of gabbro-anorthosite massifs, which manifested by increasing proportion of high-Fe basic rocks with depth. Available isotope-geochemical studies do not provide unambiguous data on regarding reservoirs of primary melts implaying both mantle and mixed mantle-crustal their origin. The evolution of the petrochemical features of basic rocks, in our opinion, is in better agreement with their formation as result of differentiation of the primary high-alumina tholeiitic melt, significantly contaminated by lower crustal material. This determined the subalkaline nature of basic rocks and a significant predominance of norites, in comparition to more typical gabbros, and monzonites. In contrast to the previously proposed hypotheses of the formation of intermediate rocks because of partial melting of felsic rocks by basic intrusions, or mingling of basic and acidic melts, some of petrochemical features and geological position can be satisfactorily explained by their crystallization from the residual melt.
On the Biodiversity Hotspot of Large Branchiopods (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) in the Central Paroo in Semi-Arid Australia
Authors: Timms B. V. , Schwentner M. , Rogers D. C.
Published: December 2021

Biodiversity is central to the structure and functioning of communities including those of temporary water bodies. Worldwide the large branchiopod component commonly consists up to about six species instantaneously per site and twice that number across the surrounding district. Where these figures reach eight to ten species per site and about twice that number per district, the term diversity hotspot is sometimes used. In eastern Australia, biogeographical factors have facilitated a rich large branchiopod fauna ca 80 species and locally within 500 km2 of the central Paroo in northwestern New South Wales where a rarely diverse and abundant array of habitats supports at least 38 species, though the maximum per site syntopically is still near 10 species — we suggest it be termed a super hotspot.
Down sendromlu adölesanlarla aktiviteye katılım ve yaşam kalitesi
Authors: ŞEN TEKİN Şengül , TEKİN Fatih
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Down Sendromlu adölesanların aktivitelere katılımlarının yaşam kalitesiyle birlikte değerlendirilmesi ve normal gelişimli adölesanlarla karşılaştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya 30 adölesan dahil edildi. Bunlardan Down Sendromlu olan 15 olgu çalışma grubuna, normal gelişimli olan 15 olgu ise kontrol grubuna alındı. Aktivitelere katılımı değerlendirmek için Çocuk ve Ergen Katılım Ölçeği, yaşam kalitesini değerlendirmek için Çocuklar için Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği (13-18 yaş) ve kaba motor fonksiyonları değerlendirmek için Kaba Motor Fonksiyon Ölçeği-88 kullanıldı. Bulgular: Kontrol grubundaki adölesanların kaba motor fonksiyonları, çalışma grubundaki adölesanlara kıyasla daha gelişmiş durumdaydı (p<0,05). Kontrol grubundaki adölesanların yaşam kalitesi fiziksel ve psikososyal yönden çalışma grubundaki olgulardan daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Çalışma grubundaki adölesanların toplumsal ve sosyal yaşama katılımları kontrol grubundaki adölesanlardan daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Kontrol grubundaki adölesanların ise ev içi katılımı daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Sonuç: Down sendromlu adölesanların aktivitelere katılımı ve yaşam kalitesi, genel olarak normal gelişimli adölesanlara kıyasla daha düşüktür.
Fishes of the Mfimi River in the central Congo basin of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Kasai ecoregion or part of the Cuvette Centrale?
Authors: Stiassny Melanie L. J. , Alter S. Elizabeth , Liyandja Tobit L. D. , Modimo Myriam Y. , Iyaba Raoul J. C. Monsembula
Published: December 2021

Despite the cultural and economic importance of fisheries to communities in the region, the Mfimi is one of the least well-documented river systems in the central Congo basin. Here we present a preliminary listing of species collected during two surveys sampling 35 sites along the main channel, in major tributaries, and in some marginal habitats. A total of 2195 specimens representing 141 species were collected and archived at the American Museum of Natural History, New York, and in the teaching collections of the University of Kinshasa. Five species are considered as potentially new to science, and range extensions of numerous species into the Mfimi are recorded. Based on the data presented we conclude that the fish communities in the Mfimi share affinities with those of the Cuvette Centrale to the north, rather than the Kasai basin with which the river is currently connected via an inflow at the Kwa-Kasai junction.
Experimental studying the effect of water temperature on friction properties of marine propeller sliding bearing
Authors: Trinh Hiep Xuan , Nguyen Ngoc Bich , Nguyen Sinh Truong
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the effect of water’s temperature on the friction properties of materials used in marine propeller sliding bearing. Copper-Rubber and Copper-Capron, two common pairs of material in the shaft water-lubricated polymer bearing were chosen to conduct experiments with the pin-on-disc model. Various conditions including water temperature, stress, and sliding velocity were examined, their results showed that in the range 30 °C to 100 °C of water temperature, the frictional coefficient of both friction pairs were unchanged under the small stress and low sliding velocity (0.3 MPa and 0.9 m/s). While in the case of stress and sliding velocity were both high (0.6 MPa and 1.5 m/s), it increased significantly in a certain transition temperature range. This temperature range of the pair Copper-Rubber and Copper-Capron is 50 °C to 60 °C and 80 °C to 90 °C, respectively. The experiment’s results also pointed out that in these transition temperature ranges, the friction coefficient of two pairs was slightly influenced by the change in sliding velocity, whereas the stress change has an important impact on its values. Nonetheless, when the water temperature was below the transition range, the effect of the stress change on the friction coefficient was not significant. Thus, high water temperature is the main reason for the friction coefficient’s increase rather than the increase of the stress. This work is expected to broaden the understanding of the friction behavior of the water-lubricated polymer bearing.
An association between low vitamin D status and childhood pneumonia severity in hospitalized bulgarian patients
Authors: Rimpova N. , Valcheva V. , Tsakova A. , Shivachev H. , Iliev D.
Published: December 2021

Lower respiratory tract infections are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population worldwide. Despite advances in treatment and prevention, childhood pneumonia is the major reason for hospital admissions and remains a leading cause of death claiming an estimated 800 000 childrens lives in 2018. Globally, over 1.23 million children died of pneumonia before reaching their 5th birthday the equivalent of over 3400 deaths per day worldwide. There is growing evidence that vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity. Vitamin D is an additional factor in the inflammatory response regulation. Its action is mediated via the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in almost all types of immune cells, including activated CD4+ and CD8+ cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with decreased host defenses against infections. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether low vitamin D status was a risk factor for pneumonia complications, usage of multiple antibiotics and prolonged hospital stay among hospitalized pediatric patients with community-aquired pneumonia. Total of 200 children (102 healthy controls and 98 with severe pneumonia) from 11 days to 17 years old were included in the study. Cases with severe pneumonia were subdivided into groups with and without complications (36 and 62, respectively). Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The control group showed lower values than the study group. Cases with complicated pneumonia had significantly lower levels whitin the range of 29.768.0 nmol/l, compared with 49.188.6 nmol/l in cases without complications. A significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D concentrations and duration of hospital stay, the number of antibiotics used for treatment, and serum levels of inflammatory markers. The low status of vitamin D is related to the severity of the disease but has not been associated with the incidence/frequency of the disease. Children with low vitamin D levels may be at higher risk of developing life-threatening complications, intensive care admissions and a higher inflammatory response.
Microbial agents as triggers of developing multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lapshtaeva A. V. , Abrosimova Yu. G. , Eremkina T. Ya. , Kostina Yu. A.
Published: December 2021

Multiple sclerosis (MS) currently represents a pressing medical and social issue. This is due to the high prevalence of this pathology among neurological diseases preferentially affecting young people and subsequent rapid disability. This disease still remains a mystery for medicine due to its ambiguous etiology, polymorphism of clinical manifestations and unstable course. Despite the marked development of modern instrumental diagnostic methods, pathognomonic signs have not yet been identified for multiple sclerosis allowing to diagnose the disease with high accuracy at early stages. At the moment, we may only say with confidence that MS is a neurodegenerative disease accompanied by rapid demyelination and death of nerve cells. Complex and diverse pathogenetic mechanisms suggest a multifactorial nature of the disease, which develops due to combination of external factors and hereditary predisposition, which causes altered immune tolerance. The polygenic theory of MS is most substantiated, which implies that the genotype of MS patients consists of many genes, each of which contributes to the disease development. More than 100 genes associated with MS have been identified, among which a special place is taken by the HLA system (human leukocyte antigen), which controls the interaction of immunocompetent cells and carries out an immune response. In addition, new candidate genes have been identified that contribute to the development of MS: interleukin 2 and 7 receptors (IL-2R, IL-7R), differentiation cluster 6 (CD6) and 58 (CD58), tumor necrosis factor α, interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), interleukin 12А (IL-12A) and others. However, to uncover genetic predisposition, it is necessary to experience external trigger factors. The activation of demyelinating process is quite often initiated by various infectious agents, among which the most studied are Epstein–Barr virus, John Cunningham virus, acute encephalomyelitis virus, and human endogenous retroviruses. Intestinal microbiota altered by Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes deserved special attention in developing neurodegenerative disorders. Such an imbalance profoundly affects immune and nervous system functioning, taking part in neurogenesis, myelination, activation of cellular and humoral immune responses. Here we review and analyze the latest data accumulated in Russian and foreign literature regarding the study of the MS epidemiological features, as well as microbiological risk factors for disease development.
Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with malignant and benign bone tumours
Authors: Hajizadeh M. , Falak R. , Tavakoli-Yaraki M. , Hosseinzadeh R. , Alipour M. , Ahmadpour E. , Rafiei-Sefiddashti R.
Published: December 2021

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular parasite that infects humans, and seroprevalence of its infection varies from about 10 to 80 percent in different countries with a higher prevalence in warmer and humid regions. In this study, the rate of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in patients with benign or malignant bone tumours was investigated. Fifty-three patients who suffered from various bone tumours, as well as sixty-five healthy controls with an unknown sero-logical profile for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Anti-Toxoplasma antibodies were detected in serum samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and blood samples of them were used for real-time PCR. Thirty-two (60.32%) and twenty-one (39.63%) of patients had malignant tumours and benign tumours, respectively. The results showed a higher and significant seropositivity rate of IgM antibodies in primary bone tumour patients compared to the control group and Toxoplasma DNA became positive in 18.86% of patients with primary bone tumours and 6.15% of controls. Surprisingly, the high presence of parasite DNA was detected in patients with malignant tumours. The seroprevalence of T. gondii IgM antibodies and DNA positivity among the cancer patients were significantly higher than healthy individuals. Also, chronic toxoplasmosis (it was shown with IgG positive) appears to be more common in people with benign cancers than malignancies. The study showed a relatively high seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in patients with primary bone cancer. However, the considerable rate of positive blood samples for the presence of parasite’s DNA should not be ignored. A key to the effective management of diseases in immunosuppressed individuals is prompt and accurate diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Moreover, it seems that PCR tests may be more reliable than serological methods and it could be considered as a precise method for diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis.
Latest Trends in Neuromuscular Training to Prevent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Literature Review
Authors: Lee Kwang-Jin , An Keun-Ok
Published: December 2021

PURPOSE: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are the most common in sports and have doubled in the past 20 years. This study aimed to analyze the latest trends and changes in training programs for ACL injury prevention.METHODS: In this study, literature was searched using academic search sites, such as ‘PubMed’, ‘Google Scholar’, and ‘Wiley Online Library’. The literature published between 2015 and 2021 was used.RESULTS: Eleven papers were selected based on the literature selection criteria. Five warm-up exercise papers and six ACL injury prevention training program papers emphasized neuromuscular training.CONCLUSIONS: The ACL injury prevention program can be applied in warm-up exercises and training programs. It consists of an exercise form that includes multidimensional components such as plyometrics, muscle strength, balance, and agility. The key to the ACL injury prevention program is to reflect multidimensional components in neuromuscular training and to obtain a significant effect, and it is recommended to participate in regular training for 12-18 sessions and at least 6 months. In addition, it is suggested to utilize the ACL injury prevention program presented in this study until an individual study for ACL injury prevention by sports type is conducted.
O POETRY SLAM NO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA ESPANHOLA: UMA PROPOSTA PARA O LETRAMENTO LITERÁRIO CRÍTICO
Authors: Souza Fabiana Oliveira de
Published: December 2021

RESUMO O poetry slam é um gênero artístico-literário que surgiu em 1986, nos Estados Unidos, e que tem conquistado inúmeros adeptos no Brasil, tendo chegado ao país em 2008. A partir de 2015, o Slam da Guilhermina, segundo coletivo brasileiro a ser criado, passa a organizar o Slam Interescolar S P, campeonato de poesia falada que já reuniu centenas de escolas públicas da cidade de São Paulo ao longo destes anos, contando com a participação de estudantes do Ensino Fundamental e Médio. Assistindo a algumas dessas competições, é possível observar sua capacidade de mobilização da comunidade escolar, que se reúne em torno de um expressivo número de alunos que se dispõem a produzir e compartilhar suas poesias, por meio das quais problematizam temas diversos, o que torna o slam um forte aliado no processo de formação cidadã desses sujeitos. Com base nesses dados, este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de inserção, nas aulas de Língua Espanhola, do poetry slam realizado em países hispanofalantes, reproduzindo a experiência do Slam Interescolar S P, com o objetivo de desenvolver um letramento literário crítico (COSSON, 2009; STREET, 2014; DUBOC, 2014; MARINS-COSTA, 2016) e um ensino ancorado nas perspectivas intercultural (PARAQUETT, 2011, 2012; MATOS, 2018) e decolonial (QUIJANO, 2000; GROSFOGUEL, 2008; MATOS; SILVA JÚNIOR, 2019), incentivando um maior engajamento discente nas práticas de leitura. Como se trata ainda de uma proposta, espera-se que ela seja adaptável a diversas instituições de ensino que ofereçam essa disciplina, respeitando-se suas respectivas peculiaridades.
GÊNEROS, SEXUALIDADES E PRÁTICAS DE LETRAMENTOS LITERÁRIOS: UM OLHAR DECOLONIAL PARA AS LISTAS DE LEITURAS OBRIGATÓRIAS DOS VESTIBULARES
Authors: Silva Douglas Vinícius Souza , Machado Rodrigo Corrêa Martins
Published: December 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é, a partir dos preceitos da decolonialidade (QUIJANO, 2005; WALSH, 2009), analisar as listas de leituras obrigatórias de vestibulares, investigando: os efeitos retroativos dessas listas nas práticas de letramentos literários escolares; a diversidade social, étnica, sexual e de gênero que elas promovem; como movimentam o cânone literário escolar; e como contribuem (ou podem contribuir) para uma maior democratização da/na educação literária. Para isso, selecionamos listas dos últimos vestibulares de sete universidades públicas, buscando contemplar instituições de cada região do Brasil. Tomamos as listas de leituras como importante ferramenta de legitimação de autores e obras literárias para o contexto escolar. A análise proposta é qualitativo-interpretativista (MOITA-LOPES, 1994; 2006) e compreende que todas as práticas de letramentos literários são ideológicas (STREET, 2014), o que pressupõe tanto uma investigação em diálogo com os contextos sociais e com os diversos atores/agentes em torno das práticas de letramentos analisadas, quanto uma interpretação que não isole os dados da pesquisa das relações de poder e disputas discursivas exercidas em torno deles. A partir da constatação de que a inclusão promovida por essas listas de obras literárias se limita apenas a determinadas diversidades, procuramos analisar, especialmente, a ausência de autores e obras LGBTQIA+, a fim de compreender as razões dessa ausência e demonstrar o potencial educativo que obras e autores desses grupos sociais poderiam ter na construção de práticas de letramentos literários escolares de reexistência (SOUZA, 2011; WALSH, 2009) para uma educação transgressora (HOOKS, 2017) e democrática.
LITERATURA SURDA E PERCURSOS SÓCIO-HISTÓRICOS DE FORMAÇÃO DE DOIS PROFESSORES SURDOS
Authors: Gomides Paula Aparecida Diniz , Carvalho Gilcinei Teodoro , Rocha Terezinha Cristina da Costa
Published: December 2021

RESUMO O artigo discute a formação de leitores surdos, enfocando as práticas sociais de letramento literário em que a Libras ocupa uma centralidade. Buscamos, por meio de entrevistas com dois professores surdos, de gerações diferentes, reconstruir suas trajetórias, tendo em vista, por um lado, os percursos sócio-históricos nos quais eles se engajaram, durante sua formação leitora e, por outro lado, o entendimento de constituição leitora como um fenômeno social, cultural e identitário. Estabelecemos uma articulação entre a literatura surda e a formação social e escolar de surdos, refletindo sobre os processos que lhes possibilitaram a construção de um repertório leitor e sobre as interfaces desse contexto com as políticas que reafirmaram o bilinguismo dos surdos e o direito ao uso da Libras. As experiências de socialização e de escolarização com a literatura e a língua portuguesa remetem às trajetórias da comunidade surda e, muitas vezes, revelam-se acidentadas, especialmente pela presença de processos clínico-terapêuticos de inserção na comunidade ouvinte. Contudo, as experiências relatadas também indicaram um favorecimento ao engajamento em práticas sociais de letramento literário, quer na condição de leitores que avaliam de forma contextualizada certas produções, quer na condição de autores que vivenciam performances literárias que são potencializadas pelas redes sociais que fazem circular produções representativas da comunidade surda, o que inclui o uso sistemático da Libras.
Avaliação de guidelines para atenção pós-parto na Atenção Primária: revisão sistemática
Authors: Baratieri Tatiane , Soares Larissa Gramázio , Natal Sonia , Lacerda Josimari Telino de
Published: December 2021

Resumo Introdução O cuidado após o parto, denominado de pós-natal, pós-parto ou puerpério, é um importante período para desenvolvimento de estratégias de atenção à saúde das mulheres para redução da morbimortalidade. Com o aumento de publicações de diretrizes clínicas, há preocupações quanto à qualidade delas. Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade de guidelines sobre a atenção às mulheres no pós-parto na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método Revisão sistemática de guidelines publicados entre 2008 e 2017, nas bases de dados Lilacs e PubMed, e página da internet do National Guideline Clearinghouse, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence e Google®. A ferramenta Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II foi utilizada para avaliação da qualidade dos guidelines nos domínios: escopo e finalidade; envolvimento das partes interessadas (stakeholders); rigor do desenvolvimento; clareza e apresentação; aplicabilidade; e independência editorial. Resultados Foram analisados dez guidelines que apresentaram escore médio geral de avaliação de 77%, com melhor avaliação para “escopo e finalidade” (92%) e pior para “aplicabilidade” (57%). Conclusão Os guidelines apresentaram boa qualidade geral com necessidade de melhorar sua elaboração no domínio aplicabilidade.
Saneamento básico em domicílios indígenas de áreas urbanas da Amazônia Legal, Brasil
Authors: Marinho Gerson Luiz , Raupp Ludimila , Lucena José Rodolfo Mendonça de , Tavares Felipe Guimarães
Published: December 2021

Resumo Introdução Os indígenas apresentam expressivas vulnerabilidades socioeconômicas e epidemiológicas em comparação aos não indígenas. Quase metade da população indígena residente em áreas urbanas estava na Amazônia Legal em 2010 (46,8%). Objetivo Analisar a infraestrutura relacionada ao saneamento básico de domicílios urbanos dentro e fora da Amazônia Legal, com foco nos indígenas. Método Artigo descritivo sobre as condições de saneamento básico dos domicílios com responsáveis indígenas e não indígenas, realizado a partir de dados do Censo Demográfico 2010. Foram calculadas as frequências para abastecimento de água, esgotamento sanitário e destino do lixo segundo a localização na Amazônia Legal. As magnitudes das ocorrências foram analisadas por meio de razões de prevalência. Resultados No Brasil, 114 mil domicílios urbanos eram indígenas, dos quais 17,4% eram localizados na Amazônia Legal. Na região, 6 em cada 10 domicílios não possuíam tratamento de esgoto adequado. Os domicílios indígenas apresentaram chances mais elevadas de ter saneamento básico precário. Na Amazônia, a chance de domicílios indígenas não possuírem instalações sanitárias adequadas foi o dobro daquela observada para os demais domicílios. Conclusão Mesmo em situações em que os contingentes populacionais eram mais expressivos, os indígenas apresentavam notórias desigualdades em relação ao restante da população.
Aspectos do Sol observados em diferentes faixas espectrais
Authors: Almeida P. A. D. , Gregorio-Hetem J.
Published: December 2021

A busca por novas metodologias e estratégias para transformar as aulas de Física mais próximas da realidade dos(as) estudantes do Ensino Médio, faz com que professores(as) criem novas atividades com ideias diferentes das que são usualmente apresentadas em livros didáticos. Nesse contexto, utilizou-se o Sol como base conhecida para explicar os conceitos de ondas eletromagnéticas e radiação de corpo negro, abordando esse conteúdo por meio da Função de Planck, da Lei de Wien e da Lei de Stefan-Boltzmann de uma forma aplicada, com o uso de um programa desenvolvido para esse fim, e de imagens astronômicas obtidas com tecnologia de ponta, visando tornar o aprendizado mais significativo. O objetivo é apresentar a possibilidade do uso de informações relativas ao Sol como tema norteador para o aprendizado dos conteúdos de Física Moderna, motivando os(as) estudantes durante o processo educativo. Além disso, apresenta-se um resumo dos conceitos básicos relacionados ao Sol, buscando levar aos(às) professores(as) uma forma de compreender os processos físicos que explicam as diferentes características solares observadas em faixas espectrais específicas.
The two extremes of physiological tooth resorption in primary tooth with or without the permanent successor tooth
Authors: CONSOLARO Alberto , RODRIGUES Moacyr Tadeu , CONSOLARO Renata Bianco , MARTINS Giovana Gonçalves
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Assessment of two radiographic images reveals two distinct, extreme situations of physiological tooth resorption, characteristic of primary teeth with or without permanent successor, due to partial anodontia. Discussion: In all primary teeth, rhizolysis begins after the completion of formation, thanks to the apoptosis of their cells. When apoptosis induced by cementoblasts has denuded the root of these cells, the process of rhizolysis inevitably begins: This will be accelerated by mediators arising from the pericoronal follicle. When there is no permanent successor due to partial anodontia, rhizolysis occurs extremely slowly, and months later, without the epithelial rests of Malassez that were dead due to apoptosis, alveolodental ankylosis becomes established, and the tooth will gradually be replaced by bone, still within a physiological context. Conclusion: Rhizolysis and physiological tooth resorption may occur rapidly or slowly, early or late, and this depends on the presence of the permanent tooth, or its absence due to partial anodontia.
Una mirada histórica crítica de la danza moderna/contemporánea en México
Authors: Castellanos Roxana Margarita Díaz
Published: December 2021

RESUMEN En este artículo se analizan algunos discursos históricos del investigador Alberto Dallal en torno a la danza escénica en el México del siglo XX. Se identifican tres problemáticas: 1) la linealidad de la historia y su división teleológica entre danza moderna y contemporánea; 2) la incorporación de las categorías occidentales de lo moderno y lo contemporáneo a la historia de la danza mexicana para mostrar su desarrollo; 3) la explicación del origen y el acontecer de la danza mediante ciertas personalidades ejemplares. Se propone una crítica discursiva de la historia que evite linealidades y jerarquías y explore la coexistencia de otras expresiones opacadas por las narrativas dominantes.
Génio e graça estética: uma arqueologia dos discursos sobre ensino da dança em Portugal (1839-1930)
Authors: Ramos do Ó Jorge , Paz Ana Luísa , Vallera Tomás
Published: December 2021

RESUMO O artigo identifica a emergência de diagnósticos e soluções em torno dos fins e dos meios do ensino da dança em Portugal, e que derivaram na defesa continuada de um Conservatório por vir. Concentra-se em dois momentos - o século XIX e a Primeira República - durante os quais se impôs um discurso em torno da antinomia aptidão natural vs. aprendizagem universal. Com os programas de dança teatral estatuídos em 1911, procura-se suspender esta dicotomia. Porém, estas formações discursivas continuaram a reconduzir os princípios da graça estética e do individualismo do génio, exponenciados pela perceção que então se cultivava da vanguarda estrangeira (Isadora Duncan e Ballets Russes).
Dança e racismo: apontamentos críticos sobre o ensino de história da dança
Authors: Oliveira Victor Hugo Neves de
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Dança e racismo: apontamentos críticos sobre o ensino de história da dança1 - Este artigo elabora algumas breves considerações sobre o ensino de história da dança nas universidades. O objetivo é discutir o racismo institucionalizado nos ambientes de ensino superior em dança por meio de apontamentos críticos sobre os conteúdos, de natureza hegemônica e colonial, aplicados aos processos de ensino-aprendizagem da história da dança. Além disso, pretende-se chamar a atenção para a urgência da constituição de uma outra dimensão de produção de conhecimento, desejando garantir ampla visibilidade para histórias marginais e periféricas no contexto da educação em dança.
Ìpàdé com Mestra Iara Deodoro: memórias do Grupo Afro-Sul, um pedaço da África no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Alves Neto Manoel Gildo , Silva Suzane Weber da
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Este artigo trata-se de um recorte da trajetória da artista negra Maria Iara Santos Deodoro a partir de sua atuação artístico-pedagógica junto ao Grupo Afro-Sul de Música e Dança. O artigo também reflete e contextualiza alguns eventos e pontos acerca do debate das relações étnico-raciais no tocante das Artes Cênicas no Sul do Brasil e possíveis desdobramentos. Discute-se a corporeidade, a oralidade e a musicalidade entrelaçadas com a dança enquanto perspectivas afro-orientadas do Grupo Afro-Sul na luta contra o racismo.
“Lugares de tráfico”: a geografia jurídica das abordagens policiais em Porto Alegre
Authors: Konzen Lucas P. , Goldani Julia M.
Published: December 2021

Resumo Neste estudo na área da geografia jurídica buscamos compreender se a espacialidade é um fator relevante na determinação da fundada suspeita em abordagens policiais relacionadas ao tráfico de drogas no Brasil. A abordagem policial é um procedimento no qual policiais param, questionam e até mesmo revistam uma pessoa que é suspeita de portar ilegalmente objetos como armas ou drogas. Considerando a literatura sobre os fatores comportamentais, organizacionais e espaciais que explicam o policiamento seletivo, sugerimos que indivíduos que se deparam com a polícia em vilas e favelas estão mais propensos a ser vistos como suspeitos de tráfico do que aqueles indivíduos que interagem com a polícia em outros lugares da cidade. Neste estudo, essa hipótese é testada empiricamente, por meio da análise de um conjunto de dados georreferenciados sobre 635 abordagens policiais em casos envolvendo o delito de tráfico de drogas no município de Porto Alegre, que resultaram em julgados do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul no período de 2015 a 2017. Nossa análise demonstra que a construção da suspeita policial é influenciada por representações do espaço que concebem os assentamentos informais populares como “lugares de tráfico”.