bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liquid drops on compliant and non-compliant substrates: An ellipsoid-based fitting for approximating drop shape and volume
Authors: Haider Syed Ahsan , Raj Abhishek
Published: March 2023

We present a novel method of 3-dimensional surface fitting of a droplet using ellipsoids such that the droplet is a combination of segments of two to four distinct ellipsoids. Further, this fitting method has been used to develop an analytical model estimating the volume of a droplet resting over compliant as well as non-compliant substrate. Here, we have used Glass and Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates as rigid, and, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) free-hanging thin membranes (with thickness ranging from 20 − 40 𝜇𝑚) as compliant substrates. The analytical model considers the base length, width, height, and contact angles of the droplet captured from the experiment, and estimates the droplet volume. The proposed analytical model could predict the volume correctly for droplets resting over compliant as well as non-compliant substrates with a maximum deviation of 16.6 % for the volume range of 5 − 70 𝜇𝐿. Further, the predictions from the proposed analytical model are compared with the spherical cap-based model for droplets placed over compliant as well as non-compliant substrates. The spherical cap-based model failed to estimate the droplet volume over a compliant substrate with an error of > 50 %. Whereas, the proposed ellipsoid-based model could predict the droplet volume over compliant substrate correctly with a maximum error of 16.6 %. Also, the proposed analytical model predicts the volume of droplets even at high contact angle hysteresis (> 50𝑜) where the droplet has high radial asymmetry. Further, the study also illustrates how Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) can be used to forecast droplet width and contact angle hysteresis (CAH). The droplet width predicted from ANN could be used to eliminate the requirement of measuring droplet width from the top view experimental image. The volume of the droplet can thus be predicted from its side profile alone when utilized in conjunction with the theoretical model. Further, we developed an ANN model which predicts the CAH of the droplet by considering the length scales of the droplet. The developed ANN models performed a very good prediction with an R-value of > 0.98.
Klotho enhances bone regenerative function of hPDLSCs via modulating immunoregulatory function and cell autophagy
Authors: Niu Qingru , Chen Huan , Ou Qianmin , Yang Shuqing , Peng Yingying , Xie Yunyi , Yu Le , Cheng Zhilan , Cao Yang , Wang Yan
Published: March 2023

Background：Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) have a superior ability to promote the formation of new bones, and achieve tissue regeneration. However, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are placed in harsh environments after transplantation, and the hostile microenvironment reduces their stemness and hinders their therapeutic effects. Klotho is an antiaging protein that participates in the regulation of stress resistance. In our previous study, we demonstrated the protective ability of Klotho in hPDLSCs.
Methods：A cranial bone defect model of rats was constructed and the hPDLSCs with or without Klotho pretreatment were transplanted into the defects. Histochemical staining and micro-computed tomography were used to detect cell survival, osteogenesis, and immunoregulatory effects of hPDLSCs after transplantation. The in vitro capacity of hPDLSCs was measured by a macrophage polarization test and the inflammatory level of macrophages. Furthermore, we explored autophagy activity in hPDLSCs, which may be affected by Klotho to regulate cell homeostasis.
Results：Pretreatment with the recombinant human Klotho protein improved cell survival after hPDLSC transplantation, and enhanced their ability to promote bone regeneration. Furthermore, Klotho pretreatment can promote stem cell immunomodulatory effects in macrophages and modulate cell autophagy activity, in vivo and in vitro.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that Klotho protein enhances the immunomodulatory ability of hPDLSCs and protects stem cells from stress after transplantation to maintain stem cell function by inhibiting cell autophagy.
Resistance of Anopheles stephensi to selected insecticides used for indoor residual spray and long-lasting insecticidal impregnated nets in Ethiopia
Authors: Teshome Abebe , Erko Berhanu , Golassa Lemu , Yohannes Gedeon , Irish Seth R. , Zohdy Sarah , Yoshimizu Melissa , Dugassa Sisay
Published: March 2023

Background: Malaria, transmitted by the bite of infective female Anopheles mosquitoes, remains a global public health problem. The presence of invasive Anopheles stephensi, capable of transmitting Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum, was first reported in Ethiopia in 2016. The ecology of this mosquito species differs from that of An. arabiensis, the primary Ethiopian malaria vector [1]. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of selected insecticides, which are used in indoor residual spraying (IRS) and selected long-lasting insecticidal treated nets (LLINs) for malaria vector control, against adults An. stephensi.
Methods: Anopheles stephensi were collected as larvae and pupae from Awash Subah Kilo Town and Haro Adi village, Ethiopia. Adult female An. stephensi, reared from larvae and pupae collected from the field, aged 3-5 days were exposed to impregnated papers of IRS insecticides (propoxur 0.1%, bendiocarb 0.1%, pirimiphos-methyl 0.25%), and insecticides used in LLINs (alphacyper-methrin 0.05%, deltamethrin 0.05% and permethrin 0.75%), using diagnostic doses and WHO test tubes in a bio-secure insectary at Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University (AAU-ALIPB). For each test and control tube, batches of 25 female An. stephensi mosquitoes were used to test each insecticide used in IRS. Additionally, cone tests were conducted to expose An. stephensi to four brands of LLINs, MAGNet™ (alpha-cypermethrin), PermaNet® 2.0 (deltamethrin), DuraNet© (alpha-cypermethrin) and SafeNet® (alpha-cypermethrin). A batch of ten sugar fed female mosquitoes aged 2-5 days were exposed to samples taken from five positions/sides of a net. The data from all replicates were pooled and descriptive statistics were used to describe features of the data.
Results: All An. stephensi mosquitoes collected from Awash Subah Kilo Town and Haro Adi village (around Metehara) were resistant to all tested insecticides used in both IRS and LLINs. Of the tested LLINs, only MAGNet™ (alpha-cypermethrin active ingredient) caused 100% knockdown and mortality to An. stephensi at 60 minutes and 24 hours post exposure, while all other net brands resulted below the WHO cut- off points. All these nets, except SafeNet®, were collected during LLIN distribution for community members through the National Malaria Program, in December 2020.
Conclusions: Anopheles stephensi is resistant to all tested insecticides used in IRS and in the tested LLIN brands, except MAGNet, did not cause in mortality as expected. This suggests that control of this invasive vector using existing adult malaria vector control methods may not be appropriate and that alternative strategies may be necessary.
Design of Biosensor Based on Graphene Oxide/ WO3/ Polyvinylidene Fluoride
Authors: Sobhy Manar , Khafagy Rasha M. , Soliman Aisha A. , Ibrahim Medhat A.
Published: March 2023

As significant efforts are invested in improving glucose smart biosensors, hyperglycemia (high blood glucose) is poised to be one of the most serious healthcare concerns in the coming decades. Accordingly, a graphene-based hybrid nanocomposite of graphene oxide (GO)/ tungsten oxide (WO3)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) for glucose sensing was designed. Density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/LanL2DZ level of theory was used to optimize the proposed structures. To show the findings, the total dipole moment (TDM), HOMO/LUMO band gap energy (ΔE), and molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) were investigated. The results show that the model molecule representing GO interacted with WO3 throughout the carboxyl group (COOH) and possess the highest TDM of 5.6912 Debye and lowest ΔE of 0.0155eV. Additionally, the incorporation of PVDF into the GO/WO3 model molecule reduces the TDM to 13.2549 Debye and ΔE to 0.0105 eV. Moreover, MESP shows that the interaction of PVDF with the GO/ WO3 model molecule increases the reactivity of GO/ WO3 molecule. The adsorption of the glucose molecule to the GO/ WO3/PVDF model enhances the reactivity of the GO/WO3/PVDF molecule as TDM increases to 20.5130 Debye and ΔE increases slightly to 0.0120 eV. Because of their low synthesis costs, GO, WO3, and PVDF-based biosensors are good candidates for glucose sensing.
Perennial malaria chemoprevention with and without malaria vaccination to reduce malaria burden in young children: a modeling analysis
Authors: Runge Manuela , Stahlfeld Anne , Ambrose Monique , Toh Kok Ben , Rahman Semiu , Omoniwa Omowunmi F. , Bever Caitlin A. , Oresanya Olusola , Uhomoibhi Perpetua , Galatas Beatriz , Tibenderana James K. , Gerardin Jaline
Published: March 2023

Background: A recent WHO recommendation for perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC) encourages countries to adapt dose timing and number to local conditions. However, knowledge gaps on the epidemiological impact of PMC and possible combination with the malaria vaccine RTS,S hinder informed policy decisions in countries where malaria burden in young children remains high.
Methods: We used the EMOD malaria model to predict the impact of PMC with and without RTS,S on clinical and severe malaria cases in children under the age of two years (U2). PMC and RTS,S effect sizes were fit to trial data. We simulated PMC with three to seven doses (PMC-3-7) before the age of eighteen months and RTS,S with three doses, shown to be effective at nine months. We ran simulations across transmission intensities of one to 128 infectious bites per person per year, corresponding to incidences of <1 to 5500 cases per 1000 population U2. Intervention coverage was either set to 80% or based on 2018 household survey data for Southern Nigeria as a sample use case. The protective efficacy (PE) for clinical and severe cases in children U2 was calculated in comparison to no PMC and no RTS,S.
Results: The projected impact of PMC or RTS,S was greater at moderate to high transmission than at low or very high transmission. Across the simulated transmission levels, PE estimates of PMC-3 at 80% coverage ranged from 5.7 to 8.8% for clinical, and from 6.1 to 13.6% for severe malaria (PE of RTS,S 10-32% and 24.6-27.5% for clinical and severe malaria respectively. In children U2, PMC with seven doses nearly averted as many cases as RTS,S, while the combination of both was more impactful than either intervention alone. When operational coverage, as seen in Southern Nigeria, increased to a hypothetical target of 80%, cases were reduced beyond the relative increase in coverage.
Conclusions: PMC can substantially reduce clinical and severe cases in the first two years of life in areas with high malaria burden and perennial transmission. A better understanding of the malaria risk profile by age in early childhood and on feasible coverage by age, is needed for selecting an appropriate PMC schedule in a given setting.
The MAKASI empowerment randomized intervention and depression and loneliness among sub-Saharan immigrants living in the greater Paris area
Authors: Tasca Bianca Goncalves , Bousmah Marwân-al-Qays , Coulibaly Karna , Gosselin Anne , Ravalihasy Andrainolo , du Loû Annabel Desgrées , Melchior Maria
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The MAKASI intervention aimed to empower sub-Saharan African immigrants living in precarious situations in the Paris metropolitan area. Because there are factors specifically related to immigration that may increase the risk for common mental disorders, the present study aimed to examine participants' levels of depression and loneliness and analyze the effect of the intervention on depression and loneliness.
Methods
The MAKASI study was designed as a stepped-wedge randomized intervention trial. Study participants were recruited through an outreach program led by a nongovernmental organization and randomly assigned to two groups, with an intervention delay of three months between groups. Both groups were assessed for six months after inclusion and the effect of the intervention on depression and loneliness was assessed using generalized linear mixed models. The study was conducted from 2018 to 2021 and we took in consideration whether being interviewed during one of the Covid-19 confinement had an effect on the results.
Results
A total of 821 subjects participated in the Makasi study. High levels of depression and loneliness were found in the study population. We found no effect of the intervention on depression [95%CI 0.77 to 2.40]. Similarly, no effect of the intervention was found on loneliness [95%CI 0.87 to 2.54].
Conclusions
The intervention we tested did not appear to improve the level of depression and loneliness among participants. However, the high prevalence of mental and emotional problems in the study population suggests a public health crisis among immigrants in the greater Paris area.
Clinical Trial Registration Number:
Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04468724 (July 13, 2020)
Exposure to air pollution and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cao Lei , Wang Ting , Diao Ruiping , Shi Xuefeng , Cao Lu , Gong Zerui , Mao Hongjun
Published: March 2023

Background: There is a lack of epidemiological evidence on the association between air pollution exposure and HDP in pregnant women in small and medium-sized cities, and the air pollution situation in small and medium-sized cities cannot be ignored and the health of their inhabitants deserves to be considered.
Objective: To explore pollutants affecting the risk of HDP in small and medium-sized cities and to explore differences in the effects of air pollution on GH and PE.
Methods: A total of 9,820 women who delivered at Handan Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Hebei Province from February 2018 to July 2020 were included in the study. The effects of air pollution exposure on the risk of HDP during preconception and pregnancy were assessed using logistic regression models and principal component logistic regression models.
Results: In multi-pollutant models adjusted for covariates, each 20 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM10 and each 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 during the Pre_T period was associated with a 2.4% (OR=1.024, 95% CI: 1.010-1.039), 2.5% (OR=1.025, 95% CI: 1.012-1.037), and 2.0% (OR=1.020, 95% CI: 1.005-1.037) increase in the risk of HDP, respectively. PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 exposure during the Pre_T period also increased the risk of GH and PE in pregnant women, and the risk of each pollutant to GH was lower than that of PE. In addition, O3 exposure per 20 μg/m3 increment during the T period increased the risk of GH with an OR of 1.026 (95% CI: 1.002 to 1.050).
Conclusions: PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and O3 exposure had a significant effect on the increased risk of developing HDP in pregnant women, and the effects of pollutants on the risk of GH were different from those on PE.
Using a Convolutional Neural Network for Machine Written Character Recognition
Authors: Karrach Ladislav , Pivarčiová Elena
Published: March 2023

Convolutional neural networks are special types of artificial neural networks that can solve various tasks in computer vision, such as image classification, object detection, and general recognition. Convolutional neural networks explicitly assume that their inputs are images (2D data), and during their training, they learn how to extract features and classify objects. The paper presents the basic building blocks of convolutional neural networks and their architecture and compares them with other character recognition techniques using the example of character recognition from vehicle registration plates.
A Practical Study on Improving the Teaching Quality of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: A Combined Online and Offline Teaching Model of MW- PBL-FC
Authors: YANG LIUCAI , YANG YA , ZHANG HU , TENG FEIXIANG , SHEN Xuan , Luo Yougen
Published: March 2023

Objective: To investigate the impact of "MOOC + WeChat platform + PBL + flipped classroom" online-and-offline hybrid teaching mode (MW-PBL-FC) on the enhancement of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB)teaching quality.
Methods: A total of 1545 students studying clinical medicine and preventive medicine in a university during 2019–2021 into groups A and B. The first half of the course refers to introduction to amino acid metabolism,In group A's classroom, the first half of the course was taught using the "MW-PBL-FC" mode, while group B was taught using the lecture-based learning mode (LBL). The second half of the course (molecular biology and clinical biochemistry, or "second half") was taught using the exchange method. "MW-PBL-FC" and "LBL" modes were compared in terms of student satisfaction, learning attitude, and academic performance.
Results: ① The student satisfaction survey revealed that the satisfaction rate and satisfaction score of the MW-PBL-FC group were greater than those of the LBL group (p<0.001), regardless of whether the first or second half of the course was taught; ② Based on the evaluation of learning attitude, the improvement rate and total score of the MW-PBL-FC group were significantly higher than those of the LBL group (p<0.001).. After the first half of teaching, the learning attitudes of both groups improved, but the improvement of the MW-PBL-FC group was more pronounced, with a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.001). There was also a significant difference between the two groups during the second half of teaching (p<0.001);③ The overall average score, basic average score, comprehensive average score, and excellent rate of the MW-PBL-FC group were all higher than those of the LBL group (p<0.001), whereas the failure rate was lower (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The MW-PBL-FC online-and-offline hybrid teaching mode significantly improved BMB teaching quality, Change thelearning attitude.
Investigation of heating potential and sustainability of medium-deep borehole heat exchanger in severe cold regions
Authors: Guo Liangliang , Li Xufeng , Wang Zihong , Ma Yue , Zhang Jian , Jiang Haiyang
Published: March 2023

Medium-deep buried pipe heat transfer technology is a way to develop medium-deep geothermal energy by "taking heat without water". Using OpenGeoSys (OGS) software, a comprehensive numerical model of medium-deep buried pipe heat transfer is established using a dual-continuum medium approach and combined with actual engineering data. On this basis, the heat transfer performance and its applicability in the harsh cold region of northern China are investigated. Meanwhile, a sensitivity analysis study on its heat transfer influencing factors and sustainability was conducted. The results of the study show that the medium-deep buried pipe heat transfer technology has excellent heat transfer performance and good applicability and sustainability in the cold region of northern China. The heat transfer performance of buried pipes can be improved by arranging buried pipes in high quality geothermal areas and increasing the flow rate of circulating water, increasing the depth of buried pipes, choosing larger thermal conductivity of inner pipes and backfill materials, etc.; higher circulating water inlet temperature, larger inner and outer pipe diameter ratio and thermal conductivity of inner pipes will reduce the heat transfer effect.
Lessons Learned from Online Chronic Disease Self-Management Program during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Burciaga Juan Jose Ramirez
Published: March 2023

Background
Chronic disease self-management education has been shown to be effective in improving self-efficacy and health outcomes. As a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a fast and effective program adaptation and delivery was imperative for Yakima Valley Farm Workers Clinic from in-person to on-line to continue serving its patients and communities.
Methods
A retrospective self-administer questionnaire was developed for participants that attended the real time online program at high levels. Questionnaire was administered via SurveyMonkey. A total of 217 completed the questionnaire. Workshops were offered in English and Spanish to patients with any chronic condition(s). A1c data was captured using Epic.
Results
The peer-led and real time content-delivered online program demonstrated access capacity, preference for online workshops, and improved self-efficacy and outcomes among participants.
Discussion
Community health centers may benefit themselves and low-income communities by making real-time online content for chronic disease self-management programs available and deliverable to their patients.
Razlozi za feminizam
Authors: Kašić Biljana
Published: March 2023

Rad se bavi teorijskim uvidima Gordane Bosanac o feminizmu i ključnim razlozima za njegovo promišljanje, zastupanje i odjelotvorenje. U problemsko-analitičkom ključu tumačenja, koji se uvezuje s njezinim biografsko-feminističkim narativom, artikuliraju se ključna stajališta autorice o antifeminizmu, patrijarhalnoj dominaciji te odnosu feminizma i slobode. To su ujedno sadržajne matrice tri potpoglavlja ovoga članka. Uz raščinjavanje niza mizogino-patrijarhalnih postavki u filozofiji i javnosti, kao i asimetričnih dihotomija koje ih ovjeravaju i samoobnavljaju, a koje su predmet analize, posebna pozornost usmjerena je na dekonstrukciju identitetske spolne politike u korist univerzalizirane spolnosti, odnosno spolnosti kao »opće supstancijalnosti« u smjeru feminističkoga humanizma i humanizacije društva. Utopijska vrlina projekta ljudske emancipacije utjelovljena je u konceptu feminističkoga humanizma koji po sadržajnim obilježjima i načinu interpretacije predstavlja autoričin teorijski novum i utoliko doprinos feminizmu.
THE EFFECT OF IRRADIATION ENERGY ON THE ELECTRICAL POWER OF A MONOFACIAL SILICON SOLAR CELL IN THE DYNAMIC FREQUENCY REGIME UNDER MONOCHROMATIC ILLUMINATION
Authors:   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Hadji Ndiaye El , Faye Seydou ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Ba Fatimata ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Ndiaye Mor ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Diagne Issa ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
Published: March 2023

In this work, we studied the influence of the irradiation energy on the electric power of a monofacial solar cell in frequency dynamic regime under monochromatic illumination. After solving the minority charge carrier continuity equation in the presence of irradiation energy, we establish new expressions for the minority charge carrier density and electrical parameters such as photocurrent density, photovoltage and electrical power. Starting from these equations, we have represented the profiles of some electrical parameters such as the electrical power finally to highlight the effect of the irradiation energy on the latter.
MODUS OPERANDI FOR THE TREATMENT OF FROZEN SHOULDER: A NOVEL APPROACH
Authors:   Senior Resident, ASCOMS&H, Jammu., Gupta Aditya , Kapoor Surbhi ,   Senior Resident, ASCOMS&H, Jammu., K. Gupta Rajesh ,   HOD Ortho, ASCOMS&H, Jammu., Gupta Sanjeev ,   HOD Ortho, GMC Jammu.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Frozen shoulder is a self-limiting condition which can sometimes last for up to 2 years. The objective of this study was to show the result of combined use of oral corticosteroids, vitamin C, analgesics, glycaemic control and physiotherapy (AAROM) and compare the results with intraarticular injection of corticosteroids. Methods: 70 patients aged 28 to 63 years were chosen at the beginning of the study. They had been suffering from frozen shoulder from 2 weeks to 1 year (mean 5.7 months) and 12 patients had diabetes. They were managed with strict glycaemic control and Vit. C tablets twice a day for 1 week along with adequate anti-inflammatory treatment. Out of the 54 patients,18 were given 15 mg Prednisolone BD was given for 2 weeks aided by Vit. C and anti-inflammatory drugs,18 were give oral prednisolone(0.5mg/kg/day) alone and the remaining were treated with intraarticular injections. Physiotherapy was started after 1 week in everyone and continued till pain relief was achieved or till 10 weeks.4 patients were lost to follow up. The ROM, the duration of the pain and the severity of the pain (assessed with VAS and McGill Pain Questionnaire) were the main parameters used. Results: The outcomes of combined therapy for frozen shoulder were better if the patients were subjected to physiotherapy after 1 week of starting oral steroids compared to intraarticular injection/oral use of corticosteroids alone.However, in diabetic patients, the outcomes were better with the use of intraarticular injection of corticosteroids and glycaemic control was required for pain relief and improving ROM.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRAINING OF TIBB DOCTORS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors:   Ibn Sina Institute of Tibb, Johannesburg, South Africa., Bhikha Rashid
Published: March 2023

The training of doctors in Tibb, was introduced in South Africa by the Ibn Sina Institute of Tibb after obtaining academic support from universities in India and Pakistan, where this system is taught and practiced under the name of Unani Medicine. Within the context of the South African Western environment, and the medical approaches in the country, the Institute identified concerns with respect to the training of Unani Medicine. In this paper, an overview is provided on the Institutes contribution with regards to addressing some of the concerns as well as the extensive research projects conducted between 2003 and 2020 that contributed positively to the philosophical principles of physis, temperament, humours, and lifestyle factors, in the training of Tibb doctors. This paper further details a sequence of events for the training of Tibb doctors at the University of the Western Cape that commenced in 2003, after having obtained formal recognition of Tibb (Unani-Tibb) with the Allied Health Professions Council of South Africa (AHPCSA) in 2001. Also, included are the number of students who completed the 1-year Postgraduate Diploma and the 5-year Undergraduate Degree between 2003 and 2007 and the three (3) reviews of the training curriculum. Unfortunately, the events also include the political and vested interests from other professions in the AHPCSA that had a negative effect on the training of Tibb in South Africa, and therefore the Institute is willing to share the Tibb training of doctors with universities globally.
INVITRO DETECTION OF BIOFILM PRODUCED BY MICROORGANISM ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS OF PERIODONTITIS
Authors:   Intern Doctor., Vinchurkar Urjita , Modi Palak ,   Senior Resident Doctor., Piludariya Anvi ,   Senior Resident Doctor., Mistry Yogita ,   Tutor, Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Surat., Parmar Gunvant ,   Professor & Head of Dentistry Department., Mullan Summaiya ,   Professor & Head of Microbiology Department.
Published: March 2023

Introduction:Periodontal infections, including gingivitis and periodontitis, form a major group among the most encountered chronic diseases with infective etiologies. Microorganisms present in gingival sulcus around teeth form microbial biofilm, which is most important cause of periodontal diseases. Biofilm, a three-dimensional (3D) microbial structure with cells enclosed within a self-produced extracellular matrix that may be attached to a substratum comprises the structure of a biofilm. This study aims to detect biofilm in microorganisms isolated from periodontal pockets and establishment of relation between biofilm with tobacco chewing and comorbidies. Material and methods:Total 100 Patients samples were collected using bent swab from periodontal lesions. Samples were processed aerobically and identification of the isolates were done along with simultaneous demonstration of in vitro biofilm formation. Results:Biofilm production was detected by using pre sterilized 96 well polystyrene micro titer plates. 71 samples were shown growth of microorganisms like Streptococcus viridians (36), Klebsiella pneumoniae (21), E. coli (6), Klebsiella oxytoca (4), Acinetobacter baumannii (1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), Staphylococcus aureus (1), and Coagulase negative staphylococcus (1).19 isolates of Streptococcus viridians had formed biofilm out of 36 isolates. 16 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae had formed biofilm out of 21 isolates. 3 isolates of Klebsiella oxytoca had formed biofilm out of total 4 isolates. 2 isolates of E. coli had formed biofilm out of 6 isolates. One isolate, each of Acinetobacter baumannii, CONS and Pseudomonas aeroginosahad formed biofilm. Discussion: Out of 43 positive oral biofilms, 21% were tobacco chewers and out of negative oral biofilm, 15% were tobacco chewers. Among positive oral biofilms, 19% had co morbidities and among negative oral biofilm, 15% had co morbidity. Conclusion:The oral colonization by biofilm producing strains can also increase the risk of their dissemination to various human tissues and organs. Apart from that, biofilms cause resistance to many antimicrobial agents.
COVID-19 CASE FATALITY AND VACCINATION STATUS: A HOSPITAL BASED CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: D. Mundada Vinod , K. Doibale Mohan , T. Makar Vikas , Suresh Anu , K. Raut Samadhan
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in preventing COVID-19 and related mortality is to be studied in depth especially now since we are on the verge of 4th wave of pandemic. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of vaccines in preventing case fatality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care centre. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was done in all COVID-19 patients admitted in a tertiary care centre in Aurangabad from February 2021 to May 2022. 1275 patients vaccination status was known and outcome of these patients were studied. Unadjusted Odds ratios for each variable were estimated and logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results: 360 study participants (28.24%) had taken at least 1 dose of vaccine, while 915 (71.76%) were not vaccinated. 441 (34.59%) participants had unfavourable outcome (death). The mortality in vaccinated was 24.17% (87/360) while it was 38.69% (354/915) in unvaccinated. In logistic regression model, partial as well as complete vaccination, age<65, female sex, not having a comorbidity were associated with favourable outcome. Vaccine effectiveness for single dose and double dose was 37% and 66% respectively. Conclusions: It is observed that getting partially as well completely vaccinated was a protective factor for good recovery in COVID 19. Vaccine is found to be effective in preventing mortality in COVID patients.
ANALYTICAL REVIEW ON FOOD BORN INFECTIOUS DISEASES: STATEMENT AND SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS IN CENTRAL AFRICA
Authors:   Laboratoire dAnalyses Alimentaires - LAA- BP: 551 Libreville., Malauba Maryse Colette Adiaheno
Published: March 2023

Foodborneinfectiousdiseases are of greatconcern in Central Africa and pose a significantthreat to public health. The main objective of thisstudyis to present the inventory of the sub-regionalfoodsituationspecifically, to highlight the foodorigin of infectiousdiseases and existing surveillance actions. It isbased on documentation focused on the relevance of articles and official databases. About a hundredscientific articles published in indexedjournals and/or with an international impact factor wereused. The results show thatfoodborneinfectiousdiseases are mainlycaused by parasites such as Salmonella sp., Campylobacter sp., Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio non-cholerae and Shigella, etc. dietary habits, poorhygiene practices duringprocessing, cross-border foodtrade conditions and climatic variations are the main factorsthatincrease the risk of thesediseases. Morethan 70% of foodsold in public places in the Central Africansub-region via the informalsectoriscontaminatedmainly by Bacillus cereus, Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli and even Vibrio cholerae. Another important source of food contamination remainsanimals (conventionallyfarmed or wild). Indeed, the risk of infection for humans via foodzoonoticsremains a constant reality in Central Africa. Unfortunately, the surveillance systems are less efficient. Mandatoryreporting and the strengthening of National Reference Centers and Laboratories can help member countries in Central Africathrough joint action groups to betterdevelop a surveillance and response plan.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL STATUS, PAIN, SEVERITY OF OSTEOARTHRITIS ON RADIOGRAPH AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Jammu., Gupta Aditya , Kapoor Surbhi ,   Senior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Jammu., K. Gupta Rajesh ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Jammu., Gupta Kanav ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Jammu., Rashmi Gupta Chander ,   Consultant Ophthalmology, District Hospital, Samba.
Published: March 2023

Background: By 2050, Indias 60 and older population is expected to encompass 323 million people, a number greater than the total US population in 2012. Osteoarthritis is the growing cause of social and economic burden to our aging society. It has been seen psychosocial status of patient with osteoarthritis have an impact on pain, functional ability and quality of life. The emotional status of osteoarthritis patient can have poor outcome on his/her Quality of life making the person disabled in their activities and functions. The majority of osteoarthritis pharmacological and rehabilitation treatments are geared toward alleviating pain due to disease severity in the joint therefore, it appears important to optimize treatment for people who have pain beyond peripheral sources. Objective: This study will help to understand the association of emotional status, pain, radiographic severity and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis so that a more holistic approach will be developed towards osteoarthritis. Methodology: Study design was a cross sectional observational study. 100 subjects were assessed in the study. Participants were included in the study after screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria. All subjects were evaluated according to the assessment proforma for the following Pain on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Positive And Negative Affect Scale and Knee function on Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest an association between emotional status and pain, emotional status and quality of life. But no association is seen between emotional status and Kellgren Lawrence Scale.
CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA REVEALED BY PAPILLEDEMA IN A CHILD: A CASE REPORT
Authors: M. Elakhdari , Y. Akannour , C. Bardi , K. Mrad , Idrissi K. Elmajdoubi , L. Serghini , A. El Hassan , A. Berraho
Published: March 2023

Craniopharyngiomas are rare epithelial tumors, arising from the pituitary gland or pituitary gland and developing in the sellar and supra sellar region. We present an unusual case of a craniopharyngioma in a 9-year-old child reveled by a bilateral papilledema, with strabismus and extraocular neurological signs. The diagnosis of this tumor is often late and is based on the triad of neurological, ophthalmological and endocrine signs. Their treatment is multidisciplinary and includes surgical and hormonal treatment. Their prognosis depends on the precocity of the diagnosis, the location and the size of the tumor. Our aim is to describe a clinical case with bilateral papilledema revealing a craniopharyngioma in a child.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF USING DYNAMIC HIP SCREW VS MULTIPLE CANCELLOUS SCREW FIXATION IN FRACTURE NECK OF FEMUR IN YOUNGADULTS
Authors: Masand Narayan , Jati Saket , Agrawal Aditya , Singh Shantanu , Jain Sparsh , Kaushik Dhruv
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Incidence of fracture of neck of femur is increasing in young adults. Dynamic Hip Screw with a derotation screw or CC screw is used in operation to reduce and stabilize femoral neck fractures. the commonest complications of intracapsular fractures of neck femur are non-union and avascular necrosis. Material And Methods: The study included 40 patients with history of trauma and diagnosed with fracture neck of femur. After thorough evaluation of patient , Pre-operative radiograph of pelvis with both hips were taken. Routine preoperative profile was done in each patient, along with pre-anesthetic check-up. Follow-up X-rays were taken at each follow-up, which were scheduled at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and at 12 months. Functional and radiological outcome were assessed by scoring Modified Harris Hip Score Observation And Results At 12 months: The mean Harris Hip Score in Group 1 was 84.69 Â± 4.51 and in Group 2 it was 90.68 Â± 2.54. The mean Harris Hip score at 12 months was significantly higher in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (P=0.001). Conclusion: When it came to treating fractures of the neck of the femur in young adults, our research found that dynamic hip screw fixation performed better than cancellous screw fixation. In terms of functional outcome, the dynamic hip screw had a higher Harris Hip Score and a lower rate of avascular necrosis. Based on the findings of this study, we recommend using a dynamic hip screw rather than a cancellous screw to fix a fracture of the neck of the femur. We recommend larger studies because there is a lack of research comparing these two fixation modalities.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF TROCHANTERIC FIXATION NAIL TREATMENT IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH INTERTROCHANTERIC FEMUR FRACTURE
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PG Institute-Indore (M.P.)., Shukla Rajeev , Bansal Sanjul ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PG Institute-Indore (M.P.)., Kumar Soni Aayush ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PG Institute-Indore (M.P.)., Keshav Abhishek ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PG Institute-Indore (M.P.)., K. Khande Sourabh ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PG Institute-Indore (M.P.).
Published: March 2023

Intertrochanteric fractures are disabling injuries in geriatric population and they are the most frequently operated fracture type which has the highest postoperative fatality rate of all surgically treated fractures. The objective of the study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of intertrochanteric fractures treated with trochanteric fixation nail (TFN) in elderly patients.
ANAPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION OF PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA: A RARE BUT FATAL SITUATION(CASE REPORT)
Authors:   Endocrinology Department, Mohammed V Military Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V-Souissi University, Rabat, Morocco., Er Rahali Yassine , Azzakhman Mustapha ,   Pathology Department, Mohammed V Military Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V-Souissi University, Rabat, Morocco., Massine El Hammoumi Mohammed ,   Thoracic surgeryDepartment, Mohammed V Military Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V-Souissi University, Rabat, Morocco., Isouani Jad ,   Endocrinology Department, Mohammed V Military Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V-Souissi University, Rabat, Morocco., Anass Guerboub Ahmed ,   Endocrinology Department, Mohammed V Military Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V-Souissi University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: March 2023

Anaplastic thyroid cancers are the final dedifferentiation form of follicular thyroid tumors. They are one of the most serious cancers with a survival average of 6 months after diagnosis. Many studies suggest that anaplastic thyroid cancers are a form of a pre-existing differentiated thyroid carcinoma, but only a few cases have been reported in the literature. We report the case of a 64-year-old patient, with a 30-year history of a thyroid nodule. He presented a latero cervical swelling with compression signs, evolving for 2 months in a context of general state alteration. The tomodensitometry objectified a malignant process of the right thyroid compartment with repression of the upper airways. This process is associated with a large necrotic right jugulocarotid adenopathy, multiple lymph nodes, and secondary pulmonary parenchymal lesions (balloon release). The patient underwent a total thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection. The anatomopathological study revealed an anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid developed on a papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Thus supporting anaplastic transformation of PTC. Subsequently, the patient received radiochemotherapy but died from the disease 3 months after diagnosis. The case reports highlight that although rare, the transformation of a differentiated thyroid carinoma into anaplastic carcinoma can occur on the initial lesion or on metastases. This transformation radically changes the patients prognosis. Early management and rigorous long-term follow-up are therefore necessary.
A SYSTEMIC REVIEW COVID-19 VACCINE
Authors:   Student, Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S.S. Patel Nootan Science Commerce Collage, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India., P. Dave Dhruv
Published: March 2023

One of the biggest issues facing the world now is the COVID-19 epidemic. Since there was neither a specific treatment nor a specific vaccine at the time, various pharmaceutical companiesâ€”particularly Indian pharmaceutical companiesâ€”started developing an effective COVID-19 vaccine. There are many different types of vaccines, including those based on DNA, mRNA, R-DNA technology, proteins, and inactivated viruses-based vaccines. These vaccines are all made by an Indian pharmaceutical business. Following the development, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), the Drug Controller General of India (DCGI), the Food and Drug Administration, and the WHO approved the use of the vaccine for clinical trials and emergencies. After three trials, an Indian-made vaccine shows high efficacy. The fundamental function of the vaccine is to activate CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells and trigger B-cell clone growth. Lead cytogeneses IL-5 and IL-4 promote IgG antibodies, which strengthen our protection against COVID-19 and its variations.
CONTRIBUTION OF DEHYDRATED AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE IN THE TREATMENT OF RECURRENT IMMUNOLOGICAL CORNEAL ULCER: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Adult Ophthalmology Department, Hospital August 20, CHU IBN ROCHD of Casablanca., Ait Elhaj J. , Abounaceur A. ,   Adult Ophthalmology Department, Hospital August 20, CHU IBN ROCHD of Casablanca., Laababsi S. ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, HASSAN II University., Mchachi A. ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, HASSAN II University., Benhmiddoune L. ,   Adult Ophthalmology Department, Hospital August 20, CHU IBN ROCHD of Casablanca., Rachid R. ,   Adult Ophthalmology Department, Hospital August 20, CHU IBN ROCHD of Casablanca., Elbelhadji M. ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, HASSAN II University.
Published: March 2023

The dehydrated amniotic membrane allowing easy and safe handling is an allogeneic tissue derived from amniotic membrane of human origin.It is used in the treatment of corneal ulcers, pterygiums, symblepharons, and others. in our patient suffering from dermatomyositis under corticosteroids and presenting an immunological corneal ulcer, the use of the dehydrated amniotic membrane was beneficial with a functional improvement. this technique is easy, accessible and has many therapeutic indications in order to improve the therapeutic management of this type of patient.
THE EFFICACY OF BALANCE TRAINING TO REDUCE FALL RISK IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors:   Maharaj Vinayak Global University Dhand, Amer, Jaipur-Delhi Highway No. 11C, Jaipur-302028 Rajasthan., Srivastava Shivam , Verma Ajeet ,   Maharaj Vinayak Global University Dhand, Amer, Jaipur-Delhi Highway No. 11C, Jaipur-302028 Rajasthan.
Published: March 2023

There are a number of accepted definitions for the risk of falls (ROF). But the almost all of these agree that in the event of a fall rate in the person comes to the lower level or on the ground unintentionally rates are increasing. According to the original research analysis with our results obtained from our experiences and data bases (2019-2023). Here we have find out more than (90-95%) the balance training is quite helpful for the older adults from fall risk in Asian Indian countries and the World wide.
THE FEMALE: SILVER LINING IN JAINISM
Authors: Dhariwal Ekta
Published: March 2023

Religion and society are closely bound together in Indian entity. Among the widespread religions, Jainism has contributed some original ideologies to the world. Its most consequential aspect is that it has always respected the smallest of the insects among living organisms and this attitude extends even to the insentient world. It is a religion of phenomenal equality of all souls, termed Abvait in Shwetashwar Upnishad also, devoted to a recognising the rights of all leaving creatures. Therefore it is but natural for such a religion to cultivate an attitude of respect towards women. So not surprisingly, it accepts that women are equally important as men. Hence, this research paper mainly focuses on status of women in Jainism.
THEMIZOROKI HECK REACTION IN AQUEOUS SOLVENTS PROMOTED BY RESIN-SUPPORTED OF NOVEL RPF@PDNPS NANOSPHERES: CATALYTIC REDUCTION TEST
Authors:   Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Jember University, Jl. Kalimantan 37, Jember 681752., Busron Busroni , a Suyanta ,   Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281., Anwar Chairil ,   Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281.
Published: March 2023

The aim of the research was to synthesize formaldehyde phenolic resin (RPF) nanospheres using the aldol condensation method. The Novel of RPF@PdNPs Nanospheres that were prepared at that time was used as a reducing agent and stabilizing supported for the synthesis of PdNPs nanoparticles. It turns out phenol replacement led to a significant decrease in nanosphere size and an increase in the surface roughness of the nanospheres, which ultimately increases the specific surface area of â€‹â€‹the RPF nanospheres. Because of enhanced specific surface area and excellent reducing activity of RPF (Formaldehyde Phenol Resin), prepared RPF nanospheres have a very high amount of PdNPs loading. Therefore, the as-prepared of RPF@PdNPs nanospheres exhibit a highly efficient catalytic capability for the reduction of Cr(VI) toxicity.