bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Behavior of Concrete: A Review
Authors: Kasopa Emmanuel , Chen Xu , Yao Guangyu , Zhao Xin
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Concrete properties are the most essential and critical physical material property when reinforced concrete structures are designed. Considering potential catastrophic accidents, testing of dynamic mechanical properties of concrete is one of the most urgent stages of development. A large number of scientific experiments have shown that the dynamic mechanical properties of concrete are influenced by strain rate. This paper covers the existed researches on the dynamic mechanical characteristics of concrete. Review of the relationship between concrete's dynamic compressive strength, deformation properties, elastic modulus, and energy dissipation capacity with strain rate. The results may vary depending on the loading technique, test apparatus, specimen size, and other variables. The study of dynamic tensile behavior of concrete was uncommon due to the limitations of experimental tools and testing methods. The data returns so far have been inconsistent and even at conflict with one another. The most widely used test techniques to investigate the dynamic tensile behavior of concrete are the direct tensile test, splitting test, bending test and spalling test.
Pemanfaatan Sari Buah Sirsak Sebagai Pengganti White Vinegar Dalam Pembuatan Hollandaise Sauce
Authors: Wicaksana I Putu Brawisia
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembuatan cuka sari buah sirsak yang kemudian di aplikasikan sebagai pengganti white vinegar dalam pembuatan hollandaise sauce dan untuk mengetahui kualitas dari hollandaise sauce dengan cuka sari buah sirsak dari segi warna, rasa, tekstur, aroma, dan penampilan serta dapat mengetahui anggaran biaya produksi pada pembuatan cuka sari buah sirsak, minat pembeli, dan pengemasannya. Penelitian yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan percobaan lengkap (RAL). Hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan dengan dua buah produk hollandaise sauce , P1 yaitu hollandaise sauce dengan cuka sari buah sirsak dan P2 yaitu hollandaise sauce tanpa cuka sari buah sirsak sebagai pembanding, dengan menggunakan uji organoleptik (hedonik) dengan analisis data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan kuisioner. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian melalui 16 panelis yang menguji kualitas hollandaise sauce cuka sari buah sirsak, memilki kualitas yang baik, sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa P1 dapat menggantikan P2 atau sebaliknya karena tidak berpengaruh terhadap uji warna, aroma,tekstur, rasa dan penampilan.
 
This study aims to determine the process of making soursop cider vinegar which is then applied as a substitute for white vinegar in making hollandaise sauce and to determine the quality of hollandaise sauce with soursop cider vinegar in terms of color, taste, texture, aroma, and appearance. production cost budget on the manufacture of soursop cider vinegar, buyer interest, and packaging. The research applied in this research is an experimental research type using a complete experimental design (CRD). The results of the research that have been carried out with two hollandaise sauce products, P1 is hollandaise sauce with soursop juice vinegar and P2 is hollandaise sauce without soursop vinegar as a comparison, using organoleptic (hedonic) tests with data analysis using observations, interviews, and questionnaire. Based on the results of research through 16 panelists who tested the quality of soursop vinegar hollandaise sauce, it had good quality, so it can be concluded that P1 can replace P2 or vice versa because it has no effect on color, aroma, texture, taste and appearance tests.
Antifertility Effect of Sirih Leaf (Piper betle L.) Ethanol Extract on Male Wistar Rats Spermatogenesis
Authors: Lubis Melviana , Syahfitri Widia
Published: March 2023

Background: Currently, there are still very limited male contraceptive options. The ideal male contraceptive is still needed and ideally has the characteristics of having sufficient effectiveness,  fully reversible and safe for long-term use.  Several studies have been conducted to explore Piper betle as a contraceptive. Objectives: This study aims to examine the effect of 96% ethanol extract of sirih leaf (Piper betle L.) in reducing rat spermatogenesis quality, which includes the number, concentration, motility and morphology of male rat sperm. Material and Methods: This study used a posttest design with 28 white male rats. The rats were divided into four groups, each consisting of 7 rats. Group I was a control group. The test groups were group II, III, IV, and V, and each received an ethanolic extract of Piper betle leaves with various dosages of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively, for 30 days. On day 31, all mice were sacrificed and analyzed for sperm count and concentration, sperm motility and sperm morphology. Results: The administration of 96% Piper betle leaves ethanol extract (PBEE) decreased the number and concentration of rats sperm, decreased progressive sperm motility and reduced the proportion of normal morphological rat sperm. PBEE at 800 mg/kg BW dose showed the greatest decreasing effect among all doses (p = 0.01). Conclusions: PBEE has contraceptive ability with a mechanism to reduce sperm count and concentration, sperm motility and sperm morphology.
Phylogeography of the Sunda pangolin, Manis javanica: implications for taxonomy, conservation management and wildlife forensics
Authors: Sitam Frankie , Salgado-Lynn Milena , Denel Azroie , Panjang Elisa , McEwing Ross , Lightson Amanda , Ogden Rob , Maruji Nur Alwanie , Yahya Nurhartini Kamalia , Ngau Cosmas , Kulaimi Noor Azleen Mohd , Ithnin Hartini , Rovie-Ryan Jeffrine , Bakar Mohd Soffian Abu , Ewart Kyle
Published: March 2023

Aim: The Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) is the most widely distributed
Asian pangolin species. It is one of the most trafficked mammals in the
world, which not only negatively impacts wild Sunda pangolin
populations, but also poses a potential disease risk to other species,
including humans and livestock. Despite the imminent threat to the
species’ survival and its prevalence in the wildlife trade, the
phylogeography and evolution of the Sunda pangolin is not well
understood. We aimed to investigate the species’ phylogeography across
its distribution to improve our understanding of the species’
evolutionary history, elucidate any taxonomic uncertainties and enhance
the species’ conservation genetic management and wildlife forensics
applications. Location: Southeast Asia and southern China. Methods: We
sequenced mtDNA genomes from 23 wild Sunda pangolins from Borneo and
Peninsular Malaysia. We used these data in conjunction with previous
generated mtDNA and nuclear datasets from across the species’ range to
perform various phylogenetic and population genetic analyses. Results:
We identified an evolutionarily distinct mtDNA lineage in north Borneo,
which was estimated to be ~1.6 million years divergent
from lineages in west/south Borneo and the mainland, comparable to the
divergence time of the Palawan pangolin. There appeared to be
mitonuclear discordance, with no apparent genetic structure across
Borneo based on analysis of nuclear SNPs. Main conclusions: These
findings are consistent with the ‘out of Borneo hypothesis’, whereby
Sunda pangolins diversified in Borneo before subsequently migrating
throughout Sundaland, and/or a secondary contact scenario between
mainland and Borneo. We have elucidated possible taxonomic issues in the
Sunda/Palawan pangolin complex, and highlight the critical need for
additional georeferenced samples to accurately apportion its range-wide
genetic variation into appropriate taxonomic and conservation units.
Additionally, these data have improved forensic species identification
testing involving these species and permit the implementation of
geographic provenance testing in some scenarios.
Resource availability affects activity profiles of regulatory elements in a long-distance butterfly migrant
Authors: Näsvall Karin , Shipilina Daria , Vila Roger , Talavera Gerard , Backstrom Niclas
Published: March 2023

The oogenesis-flight syndrome reflects the temporal allocation of energy
resources between dispersal / migration and reproduction and is a key
concept in research on migratory behaviour in animals. In migratory
butterflies, host plant abundance and quality may act as environmental
cues to switch between the two states, but the mechanisms regulating
this process are virtually unknown. Here, we used an experimental set-up
to assess how variation in host plant abundance affected the activity of
regulatory elements in the painted lady butterfly (Vanessa
cardui), a model species for insect migratory behaviour studies.
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-seq) was used to evaluate histone
tail modifications of H3K27ac and H3K4me3, as a proxy for regulatory
activity. The results indicate that recently eclosed females that had
access to host plants invested in reproduction at an earlier stage and
that variation in host plant abundance triggered significant differences
in regulatory element activity via histone tail acetylation. The
functions of genes in the vicinity of differentially activated regions
were primarily associated with metabolism, egg shell formation, female
receptivity, muscle activity, pheromone binding and chromosome
maintenance. Our results provide a first glimpse into the regulatory
underpinnings of how females perceive the environment and allocate
resources for either migration or reproduction and a starting point for
more detailed understanding of the links between environmental
variation, gene regulation and behaviour in butterflies.
CFD study on the effect of tubes diameter and count on flow distribution uniformity in a Z disposition
Authors: Karali Mohamed , Alharthi Mathkar , Almohammadi Bandar , Mohamed Mohamed , Refaey Hassanein , Abdelmohimen Mostafa , El-Ghany Hytham
Published: March 2023

The present paper goal is to compile a comprehensive database of data on the pressure drop and flow distribution uniformity utilizing CFD in a network of parallel tubes arranged in a Z configuration adopted for flat plate solar collectors. A 3-D CFD model is implemented to simulate such a system as in the market, including two domains: tube materials and fluid, besides entering, and exiting prolonged ports. The model specifications are Z disposition of uniform inlet and outlet headers diameter (D = 20 mm), length of 1150 mm, and tube length of 1780 mm. The investigated design parameters include the number of tubes (N = 5, 10, and 15) and the tubes diameter to header diameter ratio (d/D = 0.25, 0.35, and 0.50). For a wide range of inlet Reynolds numbers from 500-5000. The present model demonstrated noticeable agreement with offered experimental findings from the literature. The results affirmed that lowering both the number of tubes and the diameter of tubes enhances the flow distribution uniformity. The findings indicate that lowering the number of tubes from 15 to 5 at a lower tubes diameter to header diameter ratio of of 0.25 at a higher Reynolds number yields a maximum increase in flow distribution uniformity of roughly 180% with a negative effect on the total pressure drop.
Case study on thermal optimization of oil immersed transformer used in solar power plant based on genetic algorithm and computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Yukselen Emir , Iskender Ires
Published: March 2023

Transformers are one of the most capital investments in the solar power generation. Their safe and stable operations in the electrical networks are important. The main failure factor of transformers is the high temperature generated by the losses during operation, which increases the probability of insulation damage that significantly affects the useful life of transformer. Considering the importance of oil temperature and its effects on the life of the transformer, a numerical method is developed in this paper to optimize the cooling system of the transformer. In this regard, genetic algorithm is used as an optimization method to minimize the total cost of the cooling system while maintaining the required thermal conditions of the transformer. A comprehensive parametric study is carried out among the effective cooling geometry parameters using 3-D electromagnetic and thermal models of the photovoltaic transformer to evaluate and analyze the temperature distribution. The accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method is established by comparing the numerical results with those obtained from the experimental test. The results of the proposed method are found to be in a good agreement with the experimental and simulation results.
Prediction of frosting process on cold wall surface based on ANN with back propagation algorithm
Authors: Sun Jinjuan , Ma Zhiheng , Tian Jianhui
Published: March 2023

The ANN with back propagation algorithm is a multi-layer feed-forward neural network, which is suitable to study unsteady frost formation with multiple factors. The back propagation ANN algorithm is used to study frost layer growth on cold flat surface, where four feature variables including temperature of cold flat surface, the velocity, relative humidity, and temperature of air are adopted. The frost growth experiment generates the database, which is good for training frost growth due to its fast speed and high precision based on Levenberg-Marquardt learning rule. The establishment of neural network model in this paper can quickly and accurately predict the frost layer height on cold flat surface of different control variables, which is helpful for the implementation of defrosting.
Diabetes Stigma and Clinical Outcomes in Adolescents and Young Adults: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Authors: Eitel Kelsey B. , Roberts Alissa J. , D’Agostino Ralph , Barrett Catherine E. , Bell Ronny A. , Bellatorre Anna , Cristello Angelica , Dabelea Dana , Dolan Lawrence M. , Jensen Elizabeth T. , Liese Angela D. , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth J. , Reynolds Kristi , Marcovina Santica M. , Pihoker Catherine
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE

To examine the association between diabetes stigma and HbA1c, treatment plan and acute and chronic complications in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study is a multicenter cohort study that collected questionnaire, laboratory, and physical examination data about AYAs with diabetes diagnosed in childhood. A five-question survey assessed frequency of perceived diabetes-related stigma, generating a total diabetes stigma score. We used multivariable linear modeling, stratified by diabetes type, to examine the association of diabetes stigma with clinical factors, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, clinic site, diabetes duration, health insurance, treatment plan, and HbA1c.

RESULTS

Of 1,608 respondents, 78% had type 1 diabetes, 56% were female, and 48% were non-Hispanic White. The mean (SD) age at study visit was 21.7 (5.1) years (range, 10–24.9). The mean (SD) HbA1c was 9.2% (2.3%; 77 mmol/mol [2.0 mmol/mol]). Higher diabetes stigma scores were associated with female sex and higher HbA1c (P < 0.01) for all participants. No significant association between diabetes stigma score and technology use was observed. In participants with type 2 diabetes, higher diabetes stigma scores were associated with insulin use (P = 0.04). Independent of HbA1c, higher diabetes stigma scores were associated with some acute complications for AYAs with type 1 diabetes and some chronic complications for AYAs with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS

Diabetes stigma in AYAs is associated with worse diabetes outcomes and is important to address when providing comprehensive diabetes care.
Disorder of cellular immunity in pemphigus vegetans
Authors: Hornstein OP. , Djawari D. , Lukaschek E. , Deinlein E.
Published: March 2023

In an untreated 26-year-old female patient suffering from Neumann's pemphigus vegetans for 8 months (with neither preceding thymoma nor myasthenia gravis), several in vivo and in vitro phenomena of immunodeficiency involving both T and B cell system were disclosed. A diagnosis of defective immune state was established on the basis of the low IgG-serum level (though pemphigus antibodies were present), reduced T cell count in blood, weak PHA stimulation of lymphocytes, lack of skin reactivity to recall antigens and to most other bacterial antigens tested. Impaired chemotaxis and a deficient intracellular killing of Candida albicans by PMNL were also found. The conclusion is drawn that a combined disorder of both the B and T cell system is involved in the etiology of pemphigus vegetans, even when thymoma is ruled out.
Suppressor T cells in mycosis fungoides and so-called premycotic eruptions
Authors: Wassermann J. , Biberfeld G. , Baral E. , Blomgren H. , Thyresson N. , Brehmer-Andersson E.
Published: March 2023

The proportions of suppressor T cells (TG) and helper T cells (TM) were determined in 5 patients with Mycosis fungoides (MF), 4 patients with parapsoriasis en plaques/poikiloderma atrophicans vasculare and 3 patients with generalized chronic dermatitis. All the MF patients showed increased proportions of suppressor T cells, whereas the others did not differ from age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
Normalized light reactions in mycosis fungoides patients after complete remission of skin lesions
Authors: Volden G.
Published: March 2023

Eleven mycosis fungoides patients were phototested on apparently normal skin before treatment with mechlorethamine, topically in 8 patients and with methoxsypsoralen followed by longwave ultraviolet light (PUVA) in 3 patients. Abnormal photosensitivity to UVB was seen before treatment in 4, to UVA in 4, and to visible light in one patient. The abnormal photosensitivity to all wavelength regions was normalized after complete remission of the cutaneous lesions. Two of the PUVA-treated patients demonstrated that special care should be taken during the initial phase of this treatment because of the light sensitivity, especially on lesional skin.
Irritation and staining by dithranol (anthralin) and related compounds: II. Structure-activity relationships among 10-meso-substituted acyl analogues
Authors: Mustakallio KK.
Published: March 2023

Irritation and staining by dithranol and some 10-meso-substituted acyl analogues was studied with the chamber-testing technique in a series of 50 psoriasis patients. The test concentrations for dithranol, 10-acetyldithranol, 10-propionyldithranol and 10-butyryldithranol were 0.05 and 0.5%, for 10-valeryldithranol 5% and for 10-myristolydithranol 10%. As a rule, with increasing length of the carbon chain of the 10-acyl substituent (from 2C to 14C) the staining and irritative properties of the molecule decreased.
Localized polyartheritis nodosa in the lower limb with new bone formation
Authors: Brandrup F. , Peterson EM. , Hansen BF. , Hansen BF.
Published: March 2023

A 61-year-old male patient, with a burned-out ankylosing spondylitis, developed polyarteritis in the right lower limb, associated with periosteal new bone formation in tibia and fibula. An acute exacerbation may have been precipitated by an infection with yersinia. HLA type: A 28, 26, B5, 27, Cwl.
Severe skin pain following PUVA
Authors: Miller J. , Munro DD.
Published: March 2023

No abstract available
Mixed form of dermatitis herpetiformis and bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Falk ES. , Rekvig OP.
Published: March 2023

Two cases of bullous disease had clinical and histological features suggestive of both dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and bullous pemphigoid (BP). Immunofluorescence (IF) studies on both diseased and healthy skin tissue revealed in the one patient an intense linear deposit of IgG and C3 along the dermo-epidermal junction and in the other patient a linear deposit of IgA and C3 along the dermo-epidermal junction. No circulating anti-basement membrane antibodies were found. At the time of investigation in both cases normal jejunal mucosa was observed. Both patients carried the HLA-DRw3 antigen, which has been found associated with DH. One of them responded to treatment with diasone-sodium combined with a gluten-free diet (GFD). Combined treatment with a small dose of prednisone and diasone-sodium in addition to GFD controlled the disease of the other patient. Despite significant differences in typical cases of DH and BP, the diseases do overlap on rare occasions to form the so-called intermediate or mixed form.
Leukocyte adherence in atopic dermatitis: diminished responses to histamine and isoproterenol
Authors: Thulin H. , Hanifin JM. , Bryant R.
Published: March 2023

Leukocyte adherence was examined in atopic and normal subjects and the influence of histamine and the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, evaluated. Atopics included patients with mild to severe atopic dermatitis and patients with asthma and hayfever. No inter-group differences in leukocyte adherence of untreated leukocytes could be demonstrated, but there was a significantly smaller histamine and isoproterenol effect on the adherence of cells from patients with atopic dermatitis and hayfever. The induced inhibition of leukocyte adherence by histamine could be blocked by the H-2 histamine receptor antagonist, metiamide, suggesting that this effect may be mediated via cAMP. Our findings support the hypothesis that atopic dermatitis patients may have a defect or blockade of their cellular response to histamine.
Elevated colchicine sensitivity of dermal lymphocytes in mycosis fungoides
Authors: Sterry W. , Steigleder GK. , Nikolai B.
Published: March 2023

Lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and in other malignant lymphomas exhibit an extreme sensitivity to colchicine and are cytolysed in vitro by 10(-6) M colchicine. This characteristic can be quantified with the colchicine sensitivity index which is used for diagnostic purposes. We have demonstrated that lymphocytes liberated from skin infiltrates in mycosis fungoides (6 patients) show an elevated colchicine sensitivity of 44 (p < 0.01)
Cutaneous crystal cholesterol emboli
Authors: Deschamps P. , Leroy D. , Mandard JC.
Published: March 2023

One case of cutaneous cholesterol emboli is described. In patients affected with severe arteriosclerosis of the abdominal aorta, cholesterol crystals may become detached from an atheromatous plaque and result in micro emboli ensuing skin lesions (livedo reticularis, nodules, purple toes, ulcerations, distal gangrene) on the lower extremities. Histopathologic study is required for diagnosis: the lumens of the arterioles were extensively occluded by macrophagic granuloma which surrounded cholesterol crystals.
5-hydroxydopa, a new compound in the Raper-Mason scheme of melanogenesis
Authors: Hansson C. , Rorsman H. , Rosengren E.
Published: March 2023

Oxidation of tyrosine or dopa by tyrosinase leads to the formation of 5-OH-dopa, a compound previously unknown in melanogenesis. 5-OH-dopa, first detected as an unknown compound on HPLC of the dopa-tyrosinase incubate, was purified by Al2O3-adsorption, semipreparative HPLC, and ion-exchange chromatography. 5-OH-dopa was identified by comparison with the authentic compound in several chromatographic systems, by electrochemical oxidation studies and by mass spectrometry.
Zinc in epidermis and dermis in healthy subjects
Authors: Michaëlsson G. , Ljunghall K. , Danielson BG.
Published: March 2023

Thin tangential skin biopsies were obtained from 40 healthy subjects by a shaving technique. The zinc content in these samples was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean concentration of zinc in epidermis was about 60 micrograms/g and in upper dermis 40 micrograms/g dry weight. The concentration was much higher in the upper than in the lower layer of dermis. There was no correlation between the tissue and serum concentration of zinc. Full awareness of the great risk for contamination is essential and special precautions are mandatory if reproducible results are to be obtained.
Erythema nodosum in chlamydial infections
Authors: Kousa M. , Saikku P. , Kanerva L.
Published: March 2023

Twelve patients suffering from erythema nodosum who had diagnostic titres or seroconversions in chlamydial complement fixation test are described. Eleven had respiratory infections. The twelfth had sterile pyuria, symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease and exceptionally high antibody titres against Chlamydia trachomatis in an immunofluorescence test. The simple chlamydial complement fixation test is recommended for the screening of cases of erythema nodosum.
Clinical aspects of the immediate pigment darkening (IPD) reaction in normal individuals
Authors: Beitner H. , Wennersten G.
Published: March 2023

In order to investigate the clinical characteristics of the immediate pigment darkening (IPD) reaction for normal healthy Caucasian individuals and its conceivable relation to age, sex, skin type and to the minimal erythema dose (MED), a standardized light testing procedure was used and 72 subjects were studied. Skin type III was the most common, being found in 78% of the individuals; skin types II and IV were less common, found in only 12.5% and 9.5% respectively. Skin type I was not observed at all. Individuals with skin type II were found to have a significantly lower mean MED than those with skin types III and IV, and the IPD threshold dose was 9.0 J/cm2 or more, which was significantly more than for skin types III and IV. The IPD reaction was absent in several individuals with skin type II under the experimental conditions used. Some differences were observed concerning the mean MED and IPD threshold doses between skin types III and IV but they were not statistically significant. Age or sex did not appear to be significantly related to the MED and IPD threshold doses observed, and, furthermore, no significant correlation, either positive or negative, was found between the MED and the IPD threshold doses when investigated for individuals with skin type III.
Evaluation of delayed type immune reactivity in patients with acne vulgaris
Authors: Ashorn R. , Uotila A. , Kuokkanen K. , Räsänen L. , Karhumäki E. , Krohn K.
Published: March 2023

The delayed-type immune reactivities of 39 patients suffering from moderate to severe papulopustular or nodulo-cystic forms of Acne vulgaris were compared with healthy acne-free controls. In vivo reactivity was assessed by skin testing with four common recall antigens. In vitro the afferent arm of the immune system was assayed by antigen and mitogen simulated lymphocyte transformation and the efferent arm by granulocyte random migration and by granulocyte responsiveness to a standard migration inhibitory lymphokine preparation. Spontaneous lymphocyte transformations were also evaluated. In acne patients the skin test reactivities were in general only slightly decreased. Their lymphocytes showed relatively normal responses to mitogen stimulation, but antigen responsiveness was significantly diminished. Furthermore the patients' lymphocytes showed increased spontaneous transformation. All these changes correlated, to some extent, with the severity of the disease. The granulocytes of acne patients showed increased random migration, of borderline significance, but the granulocyte responses to the lymphokine preparation were completely normal. The results suggest that immunologic abnormalities are mild and probably secondary to the inflammatory process.
Dermatitis herpetiformis and gluten-sensitive enteropathy in monozygotic twins
Authors: Jepsen LV. , Ullman S.
Published: March 2023

Of two monozygotic twins, one had dermatitis herpetiformis, while the other had gluten-sensitive enteropathy. The literature on twins is reviewed.
Solar urticaria: a case with increased skin mast cells and good therapeutic response to an antihistamine
Authors: Rantanen T. , Suhonen R.
Published: March 2023

A 45-year-old woman with solar urticaria is described. She was found to have: (a) increase of skin mast cells
Evaluation of a candle-jar system in culture diagnosis of gonorrhoea
Authors: Gnarpe H. , Svensson L.
Published: March 2023

A commercially available candle-jar system for direct inoculation in the culture diagnosis of gonorrhoea was compared with the conventional system using Stuart transportation medium and inoculation in the laboratory. Accuracy and cost were the two aspects studied. The candle-jar system was found to be superior in situations where extended transportation time was unavoidable. The advantages found were increased yield of positive cultures and a reduction in cost per specimen.
Experimental investigations on the trigger mechanism of the generalized type of heat and cold urticaria by means of a climatic chamber
Authors: Illig L. , Paul E. , Brück K. , Schwennicke HP.
Published: March 2023

The physical conditions of challenge were investigated in a climatic chamber on 8 patients with cholinergic urticaria and 10 patients with generalized cold urticaria. The cholinergic urticaria was induced by passive or active (physical exercise) heating and psychological stimulation; the generalized cold urticaria was induced by general cooling at rest and during physical effort. The ambient temperature was varied, and the mean body temperature was recorded continuously at different measuring points. The experiments revealed that in both types of urticaria the physical trigger mechanism seems to be strictly related to thermoregulatory processes; the crucial point is neither the actual temperature of the skin surface, the average skin temperature, nor even the "core" temperature, but a rise or fall in the weighted average body temperature. In cholinergic urticaria it was not relevant whether skin lesions were provoked by passive heating of the body at rest (sauna-like conditions) or by active heating at low ambient temperature. A basically different challenge mechanism must be assumed therefore in the generalized type of heat and cold urticaria, in contrast to their localized contact types.
Variation of urinary acid glycosaminoglycan and collagen metabolite excretion with disease activity in generalized scleroderma
Authors: Blumenkrantz N. , Asboe-Hansen G.
Published: March 2023

Follow-up of patients with generalized scleroderma improving during treatment with collagen biosynthesis inhibitors showed a decrease towards normalization of the elevated urinary values for acid glycosaminoglycans and collagen catabolites. The determinations supply objective evidence of the disease activity as well as of the efficacy of treatment. In the control group, relatively high urinary values for the two macromolecules were found in the second decade of life in comparison with older age groups.
Prevalence of skin diseases among adolescents 12--16 years of age
Authors: Larsson PA. , Lidén S.
Published: March 2023

A prevalence study of 8298 pupils in compulsory school grades 7--9 was performed in the county of V√§sterbotten (AC county) in northern Sweden. Prevalence figures for 19 skin diagnoses are presented. A female dominance was found in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis, striae distensae and plantar warts, and a male dominance in multiple pigmented naevi. A sharp drop in atopic dermatitis was found at 13 years. Acne vulgaris showed a negative correlation with atopic dermatitis, ephelides, multiple pigmented naevi and spider naevi and a positive correlation with striae distensae. Atopic dermatitis was negatively correlated to ephelides and multiple pigmented naevi as well as acne. Pronounced variations in the occurrence of plantar warts were registered between different schools. Of the 19 diagnoses registered, only hereditary palmo-plantar keratodermia has a geographical distribution compatible with an increased prevalence of the disease in the AC county. Consequently the figures presented for the other diagnoses are considered to be representative for a north European Caucasian population.
Transmission of 12 kV Grenz rays and 29 kV X-rays through normal and diseased nails
Authors: Gammeltoft M. , Wulf HC.
Published: March 2023

Bucky and X-rays are used in the treatment of nailbed diseases. Transmission through normal and diseased nails has been measured. Nails of normal thickness transmit about 30% of Bucky rays and about 85% of X-rays. Bucky rays cannot be used when the diseased nails are thickened, whereas 60% of X-rays are transmitted.
Nail--patella syndrome associated with renal failure requiring transplantation
Authors: Verdich J.
Published: March 2023

The nail--patella syndrome is a rare, inheritable disease of the connective tissue in which multiple osseous abnormalities are associated with dysplasia of the nails. Renal dysfunction is found in 25--42% of cases and varies from asymptomatic proteinuria to renal failure. This paper describes a patient with nail--patella syndrome and terminal renal disease requiring transplantation.
Acquired zinc deficiency in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: report of two cases
Authors: Weismann K. , Høyer H. , Christensen E.
Published: March 2023

Acquired zinc deficiency in two patients suffering from alcoholic liver cirrhosis is reported. Skin changes included bullae and erosions on the heels, desquamating dermatitis on feet, hands and shins, and localized alopecia. Following oral zinc therapy the skin changes disappeared and Beau lines were later seen on the finger nails. Concomitantly with the rise in the depressed plasma zinc levels, serum alkaline phosphatase and prothrombin levels rose and serum bilirubin decreased. The observations are in agreement with earlier reports dealing with congenital and conditioned zinc deficiency and oral zinc therapy in alcoholic liver cirrhosis.
Fish tank granuloma
Authors: Nilsen A. , Bøe O.
Published: March 2023

A case of fish tank granuloma is presented. A lesional biopsy sample yielded growth of Mycobacterium marinum on L√∂wenstein's medium. Treatment with cotrimoxazole was successful.
In vitro studies on the antifungal effect of PUVA
Authors: Kundsen EA.
Published: March 2023

The effect of PUVA therapy upon 12 dermatophyte strains, 3 of Candida albicans, and 4 of mould fungi was evaluated by the agar dilution method on Sabouraud agar. 8-MOP, 30 microgram/ml medium plus UVA, 4 Joule/cm2 proved to be fungicidal dose to all the strains studied, with the exception of three of the mould fungi. For dematophytes and Candida albicans the MIC was between 1 and 3 microgram, 8-MOP plus UVA, 4 J; and 3 microgram when the UVA dose was reduced to 1--2 J. For mould fungi it was higher. The MFC varied within the range 2 to 30 microgram, when the UVA dose was fixed at 4 J. It reached 16 J when the dose of 8-MOP was kept at 4 microgram. The wide range in the MFC of the dermatophytes could be due to resistant colonies. 8-MOP alone had a distinctly inhibitory effect upon dermatophytes, but not upon Candida albicans or mould fungi.
Adult human skin maintained in organ culture. II. The ultrastructure of the cellular compartment of connective tissue
Authors: Hentzer B. , Kobayasi T.
Published: March 2023

Dermal cells maintained in cultured human skin explants for up to 10 weeks were studied by electron microscopy. Common findings in the cell organelles were: 1) altered nuclear shapes and numerous nuclear bodies; 2) reduced rough endoplasmic reticulum; 3) a prominent Golgi complex; and 4) an increasing number of free ribosomes, mitochondria, glycogen granules, lysosomes and lipid droplets. The individual types of dermal cells showed various cytoplasmic changes according to duration of the culture. The fibroblasts displayed a moderately developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. The macrophages were filled up with lysosomes and residual bodies. The mast cells showed typical as well as atypical granules. The smooth muscle cells had a variable content of myofilaments. The pericytes and the smooth muscle cells, both surrounded by a basal lamina, became increasingly difficult to discern from each other as a consequence of the decreasing number of myofilaments in the latter. The endothelial cells were recognized because of the preserved blood vessel architecture. Besides the above-mentioned cell types, two other types appeared with the culture time. The unidentifiable cells were characterized by dense zones of the cell membrane and an adjacent extracellular basal lamina-like material. This cell type may be derived from the pericytes of the small blood vessels. The primitive cells had a large rounded nucleus and a cytoplasm with few organelles. This cell type is assumed to represent a precursor cell common to various cell types.
Immunoglobulin-bearing cells in the liver biopsies from patients with psoriasis
Authors: Veien NK. , Aldershvile J. , Hardt F. , Møller AM. , Nielsen JO. , Nyfors A. , Tage-Jensen U.
Published: March 2023

Sections of liver tissue from 41 patients with psoriasis were examined histologically and by immunofluorescence microscopy to detect cells bearing the immunoglobulins IgG, IgA or IgM. Two patients with non-specific, reactive hepatitis and two with cirrhosis had more numerous immunoglobulin-bearing cells, while no correlation was found between the number of immunoglobulin-bearing cells and 1) other types of abnormal liver histology, 2) lymphocytic infiltrates in the liver, or 3) methotrexate therapy.
Affinity of 3H-8-MOP to human chromosomes and cells
Authors: Wulf HC. , Niebuhr E.
Published: March 2023

Human leukocytes and fibroblasts were cultured in medium containing 3H-8-methoxypsoralen (10(-6) M and 3.3 X 10(-6) M). At different stages during the culturing period the cells were exposed to ultraviolet light (1, 2, and 10 J/cm2). After the culture period the slides for chromosome analysis and smears of the cells were prepared. Autoradiography of these slides could not demonstrate any 3H-8-MOP bound in the chromosomes or cell structures.
Age incidence of Pityrosporum orbiculare on human skin
Authors: Faergemann J. , Fredriksson T.
Published: March 2023

We have investigated the incidence of the lipophilic fungi Pityrosporum orbiculare and P. ovale on clinically normal skin in newborn children and in children at the age of 6 months, 1 year, 5 years, 10 years, and 15 years. P. orbiculare was absent in children of less than 5 years of age. It was present in the highest incidence (93%) in the 15-year-old children, about the same frequency as in adults. The colonization starts during the period when the sebaceous glands become active. P. ovale could not be cultured and this may depend on geographical variations in the distribution of these yeasts.
Effects of topical erythromycin on aerobic and anaerobic surface flora
Authors: Bernstein JE. , Shalita AR.
Published: March 2023

The contents of acne lesions from 30 men with inflammatory acne vulgaris, obtained before and at the conclusion of 4 weeks of topical 2% erythromycin therapy, were cultured on aerobic and anaerobic plates. Sensitivity testing of cultures was performed with discs containing 50 mg erythromycin, in order to ascertain the prevalence of erythromycin-resistant strains of Propionibacterium acnes and aerobic micrococci. The percentages of patients in whom erythromycin-resistant micrococci could be isolated increased from 3 to 60% during topical erythromycin therapy, but no resistant P. acnes strains were isolated either before or after therapy. Considering the widespread use of topical antibiotics, long-term studies on their ecological effects are desirable.
A lidocaine-prilocaine cream for superficial skin surgery and painful lesions
Authors: Juhlin L. , Evers H. , Broberg F.
Published: March 2023

A eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine in a water emulsion cream base produces effective superficial dermal analgesia when applied under occlusive dressing for 60 minutes. On the genitals, lips and oral mucosa, the application time can be reduced. The cream was found to be an effective alternative to conventional infiltration anesthesia for dermabrasion and superficial surgical procedures. It is especially useful in children for the removal of molluscum contagiosum and prior to venepuncture. The preparation is also an effective pain reliever when used on certain ulcerations.
Ranking of glucocorticoid creams and ointments
Authors: Poulsen J. , Rorsman H.
Published: March 2023

20 corticosteroids ointments and 19 corticosteroid creams available on the Swedish market in January 1977 were tested for their blanching effect. Three ointments and three creams showing pronounced blanching were tested only without occlusion. Hydrocortisone preparations were tested only with occlusion. Other preparations were tested with and without occlusion. All ointments and creams were tested at four randomized sites on the flexor aspect of the forearm in each of 11 or 12 subjects. When used occlusion was applied for 6 hours. Repeated readings were made, using scores 0, 1, 2, and 3. The reading at the time when most preparations showed blanching were analysed statistically. The scores for blanching showed a Poisson distribution when the mean score was less than or equal to 1. Classification of preparations according to blanching was facilitated by the fact that statistical methods for Poisson distribution could be used. A ranking of corticosteroids based on vasoconstriction was obtained,
Acute generalized pustular bacterid and immune complexes
Authors: Miyachi Y. , Danno K. , Yanase K. , Imamura S.
Published: March 2023

The case is described of a 39-year-old man with acute generalized pustular bacterid and high Clq-binding activity in the sera during the active stage. Histamine-induced vascular changes studied by immunofluorescence microscopy revealed a perivascular deposition of IgM and C3. These findings support the view that leukocytoclastic vasculitis underlying the subcorneal pustules is mediated by immune complex deposition.
Reduction of oral tetracycline of lipolysis of triglycerides in hair lipid
Authors: Shaw DA. , Grosshans E.
Published: March 2023

Oral tetracycline hydrochloride (Amphocycline) reduced significantly (P less than 0.05) the mean free fatty acid/triglyceride (FAA/TG) ratio in hair lipid, from 1.56 to 0.47 after treatment for 4 weeks, and to 0.64 after treatment for 8 weeks in 15 young men and women undergoing treatment for acne vulgaris. In a second similar group of 16 subjects who received the same oral therapy with antibiotic but who also applied a 10% (w/v) solution of ethyl lactate twice daily to affected areas on the face, the mean FFA/TG ratio was also reduced significantly (P less than 0.05) from 1.25 to 0.61 (after 4 weeks) and to 0.64 (after 8 weeks). In a third group of 16 subjects, whose only treatment was local application of ethyl lactate solution, the mean FFA/TG ratio was essentially unchanged throughout the period of treatment from 1,15, being 1.50 and 1.22 after 4 weeks and 8 weeks, respectively.
Blood lymphocyte subpopulations and antibody dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in alopecia areata and universalis
Authors: Gu SQ , Ros AM , Thyresson N , Wasserman J
Published: March 2023

T-lymphocyte subpopulations and antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) were studied in patients with alopecia areata and universalis. The proportions of T-cells with the receptors for IgG (Tg) and T-cells with receptor for IgM (Tm) were determined in 16 cases. The ADCC of unfractionated lymphocytes was examined in 5 cases. A higher proportion of Tg-cells (T-cell with low affinity for sheep red cells) and a more pronounced ADCC of the peripheral lymphocytes were found in patients with alopecia areata and universalis than in age- and sex-matched normal donors.
Blood hyperviscosity in psoriasis
Authors: Wolf R , Machtey I , Feuerman EJ , Creter D
Published: March 2023

A study of platelet function and whole-blood viscosity in 11 patients with the confirmed diagnosis of psoriasis revealed a significant elevation in whole-blood viscosity (3.33 +/- 0.37 cP) as compared with that found in a control group (2.80 +/- 0.1 cP). The platelet count and platelet aggregation with ADP, epinephrine and collagen as well as platelet malonyldialdehyde were all within the normal range in all the patients. It is suggested that the increased blood viscosity may contribute to the higher incidence of occlusive vascular disease occurring in patients with psoriasis.
Hepatic injury in dermatitis herpetiformis
Authors: Wojnarowska F , Fry L
Published: March 2023

Liver function tests were performed in 60 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis. Abnormalities of bilirubin or elevated liver enzyme levels were found in 17% of the patients. 13% had abnormal liver enzymes or elevated bilirubin levels not due to haemolysis. In 8% of patients bilirubin levels were elevated as a result of dapsone-induced haemolysis. The incidence of liver function abnormalities was higher (19%) in those on a normal diet than those on a gluten-free diet (9%). The abnormalities were not associated with the presence of immune complexes, anti-mitochondrial or anti-smooth muscle antibodies.
The antigenicity of trichophyton rubrum: In situ studies by an immunoperoxidase technique in light and electron microscopy
Authors: Holden CA , Hay RJ , MacDonald DM
Published: March 2023

The antigenic sites of cultured and invading Trichophyton rubrum can be located by using an immunoperoxidase technique in light and electron microscopy. The cell wall is identified as a major antigenic determinant in both cultured and invading T. rubrum and, in the cultured dermatophyte, other intracellular structures are also shown to be antigenic. The keratin immediately surrounding invading hyphae shows positive staining, suggesting the diffusion of dermatophyte-derived antigens, possibly keratinolytic enzymes.
Cell mediated cross-reactivity in vivo and in vitro to purified dermatophyte antigen preparations in sensitized guinea pigs
Authors: Kaaman T , Wasserman J
Published: March 2023

Guinea pigs were sensitized to either Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum. Cross-reactivity experiments were performed in vivo and in vitro with purified antigen preparations prepared from the respective dermatophyte according to the ethylene glycol method. All sensitized animals responded with delayed-type skin reactions to all three antigen preparations, although the strongest reactivity observed was to the homologous antigen. Spleen and blood lymphocytes from many (but not all) animals were stimulated by these antigens and the response to the homologous antigen was always more pronounced. The findings indicate the presence of a common group-specific dermatophyte antigen as well as the possibility of species-specific antigens in the experimental system studied.
Local blood pressure in chronic leg ulcers
Authors: Knudsen L , Christensen U , Mandal A , Christiansen AH , Rossing N
Published: March 2023

The local arterial blood supply was evaluated according to clinical criteria in 30 consecutive patients with chronic leg ulcers. Separately, the blood pressure was measured at the ankle level with both strain gauge plethysmography and a Doppler ultrasonic method. In patients with clinical signs of arterial obliterative disease the systolic ankle pressure and the ankle/arm systolic pressure ratio were lower than in patients without such signs. In none of the patients was the local pressure decreased to such a degree that ischemia was the main cause of the ulcer, nor was gangrene imminent. Hence, success or failure of skin grafting or conservative treatment depends primarily on factors other than the nutritive flow, when the perfusion pressure is above 70 mmHg, as in the present study.
HLA antigens in juvenile dermatitis herpetiformis
Authors: Richiardi P , Borelli I , Malavasi F , Curtoni ES , Berti E , Gianotti F , Giannetti A
Published: March 2023

The incidence of histocompatibility antigens HLA-A, B, C, DR was studied in 32 Italian children with dermatitis herpetiformis. A significantly increased relative risk was found for B8 (R.R.=6.2), which was present in 50% of the patients as against 14% of the controls and for DR3 (R.R.=11.7), present in 69% of the patients as against 16%. DR7 also appeared to be increased, but only among DR3-negative patients. There was no significant difference in the incidence of DR3 between children with abnormal and normal jejunal biopsy, though there does seem to be a difference in expressivity of the intestinal involvement between DR3 apparent homozygous, DR3 heterozygous and DR3-negative patients.
Infestation of scabies in the scalp area
Authors: Elmros T , Hörnqvist R
Published: March 2023

Abstract not available