bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraction of peroxidase from apple peel waste mediated by tween 80 reverse micelle system
Authors: Chen Xiangyan , Fei Jia , Peng Xin , Meng Yong , Yuan Lu
Published: December 2020

Plants peroxidase is an important class of oxidoreductases. It exists widely in plants, animals and microorganisms, capable of catalyzing the oxidation of H2O2 phenols, vitamin C, nitrite, colorless dyes, indole and inorganic ion reaction. The reverse micelles extraction operation process is simple, continuous-operation, recyclable solvent, maintaining the native conformation of the protein. And it will not produce secondary pollution to the environment so that it has been gradually applied in the extraction and purification of the enzyme. Experimental operation of this paper was divided into the following two aspects: on the one hand, the selection of extraction technique and methods of detecting enzyme content and activity. We selected coomassie blue staining to determine enzyme content, while using ultraviolet spectrophotometry to resveratrol as a substrate for peroxidase activity assessment. On the other hand, the main aspect was how single factor affected reverse micelles extraction efficiency, including the aqueous phase pH, surfactant concentration and extraction time. By comparing difference of the recovery and purification of peroxidase between multiple different variables under same factors, we could get the optimum conditions: Tween 80 at a concentration of 0.30 mol/L, pH = 4.5, oscillation time of 20 min.
Screening of chemical insecticides against Diaghania pyloalis
Authors: Ren Jiequn , Zhang Minghai , Chen Li , Tan Lixin , Yi Yang
Published: December 2020

In recent years, a kind of mulberry pests which were known as mulberry pyralid Diaghania pyloalis in different sericultural areas occurred popularly in China. This study aims to screening high efficacy and low toxicity insecticides for controlling Diaghania pyloalis. The current study can help understand integrated pest management (IPM) of Diaghania pyloalis by scientific and reasonable insecticide use. Field experiment was carried out to investigate five insecticides, treated with five concentration gradients. The result shows that Imidacloprid and Chlorfenapyr had higher control effect on Diaghania pyloalis, which was relatively safe to the silkworm. The silkworm was fed until cocooning in the treatment area which sprayed for 15 days and 30 days, investigated cocoon quality achievement, the result shows that 10% Imidacloprid WP and 8% Chlorfenapyr ME had no toxicity to silkworm larvae, there was no significant difference between the economic property index of silkworm in treatment areas and that of the control area. To control Diaghania pyloalis, 2000 dilution of 10% Imidacloprid WP and 8% Chlorfenapyr ME can be used in sericultural production, the leaves should be picked at intervals of 15 days to avoid affecting the quality of cocoons.
Effect of hot air drying temperatures on drying characteristics and physicochemical properties of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) slices
Authors: Liu Yan , Duan Zhenhua , Sabadash Sergey
Published: December 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of hot air drying temperatures ranging from 50 to 100 °C on the drying characteristics and physicochemical properties of beetroot slices. The results showed that by increasing temperatures from 50 to 100 °C, the drying time could be from 12.5 to 4.5 h, which could significantly increased the drying rate. The beetroot slices dried at 60 °C showed the smallest total color difference compared with fresh beetroot slices. The betalain content (betacyanin and betaxanthin) of beetroot slices decreased with the increase of drying temperatures, and betacyanin was more temperature sensitive than betaxanthin. The total phenol content and antioxidant capacity had the same trend with drying temperatures, and both reached to the maximum at 100 °C.
Effects on Growth of Ectropis grisescens Warren under Illumination
Authors: Qiao Li , Geng Shubao , Jin Yin-Li , Yin Jian , Zhang Fangmei
Published: December 2020

The 2nd and 5th instar of Ectropis grisescens Warren larvae were exposed to 400~405 nm illumination for 0, 60, 90, 120, 150 or 180 min to determine the effects of the irradiation on the development time as well as the rates of pupation, pupa emergence, aberration rate, eclosion rate, adult longevity and oviposition rate. The results showed that, as compared with control, as the processing time increases, the developmental duration was significantly shortened with 5 instar of E.grisescens Warren larvae. The eclosion rate and aberration rate were significantly increased. At the same time, the pupa weight was significantly higher than that of the 2nd instar larvae. The mortality increased significantly in 2nd of E.grisescens Warren larvae. There was no difference in adult eclosion rate between the two groups, and there was also no difference in the average oviposition. There was no significant difference between the two groups under 400~405 nm illumination, Male adults live longer than female adults.
Study on food nutrition and association with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wan Sitong
Published: December 2020

The increasing number of diabetic patients is becoming a worldwide problem. In recent decades, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been prevalent significantly in the Asian-Pacific region. This may be caused due to modern lifestyle and western dietary patterns, such as reduced physical activity, increased consumption of fat and sugar. In this article, we described various dietary nutritions and their relationships with diabetes, particularly T2DM. We reviewed recent studies on dietary fat, dietary proteins, dietary carbohydrates and dietary supplements regulating diabetes prevention and control. These epidemiological and experimental findings are expected to provide further insight for controlling and treating diabetes in modern nutritional background.
Realization and Practical Application Analysis Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentation Bioengineering
Authors: Qiao Wanhan
Published: December 2020

Fermentation Engineering is the basis of biotechnology industrialization. Fermentation engineering plays an important role in biotechnology. Currently, among the known technologies, fermentation Engineering is the most effective means to put bacteria with special characteristics obtained by genetic engineering or cell engineering into industrial production, and finally realize the production benefits and economic value of biotechnology. Fermentation Technology is a traditional biotechnology with a long history. However, due to the transformation of modern biotechnology research results, new contents are continuously injected into it, and the traditional fermentation technology has shown new vitality, the variety of microbial fermentation products is increasing.This paper mainly expounds the research status of lactic acid bacteria and its fermentation biotechnology, aiming to provide reference for the deep processing of fermented products.
Research on the Treatment of Soil Leachate by Using Microalgae
Authors: Zhao Yaqing , Wu Tiane , Wang Wei , Zhao Lei , Liu Jiangang , Jiang Yige , Zhou Wei , Hao Jianchao
Published: December 2020

In order to remove and recover nitrogen and phosphorus of water from soil surface runoff, the combination method of cultivation and harvesting of microalgae was used in this research. Microalgae was cultured in the leachate of soil which was collected from vegetable greenhouse; culture solution was sampled and detected at different intervals. The results showed that leachate contained nutrients which could meet the needs of algal growth, the algal density increased in line with increase of culture time; pH of culture solution was alkaline and increased fast in the first 5 days; total and soluble phosphorus, total nitrogen and nitrate decreased fast in the first 5 days which showed assimilation of microalgae could remove phosphorus and nitrogen in the leachate.
The adsorption performance of hexavalent chromium Cr(IV) in aqueous with three biomass carbons materials
Authors: Yan Yun , Li Liping
Published: December 2020

The paper reported the adsorption capacity of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) in aqueous solutions with three agricultural waste by five awns (PE), corn stalks (CM), peanut shells (HS) and prepared the adsorbent by carbonization at 550°C. A series of adsorption experiments were performed to investigate the effect of Cr(VI) concentration, contact time. The results indicated that peanut shells (HS) have a higher removal rate than the other two materials. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models are used to describe the adsorption process. The adsorption isotherm of Langmuir well explained the balance mechanism and the research showed that adsorption conformed to the pse-second kinetic model.
Analysis of the Impact of the Temporal and Spatial Variation of the High Water Level of the Pearl River Estuary on Urban Sluice Discharge
Authors: Liu Pei , Huang Pengfei , Xu Wei
Published: December 2020

According to the tide level data of 8 main tide level stations at the Pearl River Estuary from 2001 to 2015, the long-term sequence of annual maximum tide level changes were analyzed through the Mann-Kendall trend analysis method, and its influence on the design tide level was explored, with a view to provide certain scientific references for the department of water conservancy project and management to formulate regional flood control planning and management. The results show that the annual highest tide level at the mouth of the Pearl River Estuary went upward from 2001 to 2015. The significance level of Dongsikoumen was lower than that of Xisikoumen, and the annual highest tide level of the Koumen site was constantly refreshed, leading to the increase of the design tide level, which will affect the flow capacity of the nearby sluices.
Performance evaluation of a three-stage composite wet scrubber for removing particulate matter
Authors: Zhang Bin , Hu Chengming , He Jinjie , Sui Chunjie , Chen Wei
Published: December 2020

A three-stage composite wet scrubber was designed and developed to scrub fly ash particles through different modules from the effluent gas stream of an industrial production. The flue gas entering the scrubber is purified by the falling film scrubbing of Raschig ring packing, the spraying settlement of water mist, the mesh water film interception of grilles, and the electrostatic adsorption of filaments, thereby removing particulate matter and water mist. In the experiment, the particle removal efficiency at different packing heights, the inlet concentrations of fly ash and the inlet flow rates of flue gas were investigated. The experimental results show that, without any additives or pretreatment, the packing height is 30 cm, the particle removal efficiency of the new scrubber can reach more than 99.5%, and the outlet concentration is less than 8.75 mg/m3 when the inlet concentration of fly ash is less than 12.53g/m3 and the inlet flow rate is less than 12.13 m3/s. The three-stage composite wet scrubber was evaluated to add a novel scrubber in the list of wet scrubbers for industrial applications. This wet scrubber has a simple structure, easy operation, improved compactness, and high efficiency at low energy consumption.
Experimental Study on Purification of Indoor Air Particulate Matter by Household Air Conditioner
Authors: Jiang Ping , Wei Xiaowen , Lin Xilong
Published: December 2020

The most common indoor air pollutants are particulate matter. However, existing indoor air purification techniques have many drawbacks. Admittedly, the low-temperature condensation method can be regarded as an effective method to remove particulate matter. In this paper, experiments are designed to examine the concentration reduction efficiency of PM2.5 and PM10 in the room by using air conditioner. The experimental results showed that household air conditioners have a purification effect on particulate matter. Under the refrigeration mode of maximum air volume, the concentration reduction efficiency of PM2.5 and PM10 reaches 60.99% and 57.47% respectively. The greater the volume of the air, the higher the concentration reduction efficiency of particulate matter. In the purification of PM2.5 and PM10 by household air conditioner, low-temperature condensation plays an important role. It can be suggested that the amount of condensed water affects the concentration reduction efficiency of PM2.5 and PM10 in the room.
Underwater image enhancement algorithm based on Retinex and wavelet fusion
Authors: Chen Junjun , Gao Zhengzhong , Huang Chen , Yang Lixing
Published: December 2020

Aiming at the problems of color cast, low contrast and fuzz in the original underwater image, this paper proposes an underwater image enhancement algorithm based on Retinex and wavelet fusion. First, this paper uses the multi-scale Retinex algorithm to perform color correction processing on underwater images. Then, this paper performs gamma transformation and sharpening on the image to improve the contrast and sharpness of the image. Finally, this paper uses wavelet fusion algorithm for image fusion to obtain underwater images with clear textures and details. Through subjective and objective evaluation with other algorithms, the algorithm proposed in this paper improves the color cast and fuzz, and improves the contrast and clarity of the image.
Comparison of Satellite-retrieved NO2 Vertical Column Density with Ground-level NO2 concentration in a provincial scale region
Authors: Zheng Fengbin , Xia Yu , Ge Qiang , Cai Kun
Published: December 2020

Satellite remote sensing will have certain errors in data retrieval accuracy, which requires further ground observation verification. This paper examines and verifies 2019 Jiangsu provincial Ground-level monitoring data and TROPOMI data to evaluate the applicability of TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 Vertical Column Density (VCD) data and compares the results to OMI data analysis verification results. The results show that the correlation coefficient r between the TROPOMI NO2 data and Ground-level monitoring data at the monthly mean scale is as high as 0.9, and consistent seasonal cyclic changes are observed. The correlation between Ground-level monitoring data and OMI NO2 data is lower than TROPOMI (r=0.78 < 0.9). Compared to OMI satellites, the TROPOMI attains a smaller deviation in tropospheric NO2 monitoring. Jiangsu Province had the highest monthly average concentration in January, which were 38.67 ug/m3 (Ground-level), 17.35 × 1015 molec/cm2 (TROPOMI) and 20.04 × 1015 molec/cm2 (OMI). The lowest concentration in August was 13.39 ug/m3 (Ground-level), 5.2 × 1015 molec/cm2 (TROPOMI) and 7.03 × 1015 molec/cm2 (OMI).
Effect of Sintering Time on Crystal and Structure of Chlorine-containing Low-titanium Slag Glass-ceramics
Authors: You Hao , Sun Hongjuan , Peng Tongjiang , Li Yao , Zeng Li , Qin Yating
Published: December 2020

Glass-ceramics with akermanite, diopside, spinel and perovskite crystalline phases were prepared by using the direct sintering method and using chlorine-containing low-titanium slag as a raw material. The changes in crystalline phase composition, relative content and microstructure of glass-ceramics sintered at different times were studied. The results suggested crystalline phases remained steady while the relative content of each phase changed significantly. The relative content of akermanite decreased firstly and then increased while those of diopside changed oppositely. The relative content of spinel rose from 6.6% to 9.3% and perovskite stabilized at 10.0-11.1%. In addition, the pore size of glass-ceramics declined firstly and then increased. The optimal microstrure of glass-ceramics were obtained when crystallized at 890 °C for 60 min and sintered at 1185 °C for 60 min. In general, glass-ceramics with compact microstructures could be obtained at appropriate sintering times.
Structure Analysis of Garlic Wastewater Activated Sludge Bacterial Flora
Authors: You Kun , Shen Dongyue , Fu Jinxiang , Bi Dongfang , Li Jie
Published: December 2020

In order to explore the bacterial diversity and bacterial community structure of garlic wastewater activated sludge in SBR reactor, illumina-Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial community structure and diversity of garlic wastewater. The results showed that the abundance of bacteria was higher on the whole, but the diversity of bacteria was different among different samples. Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria are the dominant bacteria phyla, all of which have the function of denitrification and dephosphorization to degrade organic matter, with abundance between 6.3% and 43.72%. The five dominant genera of Macellibacteroides, Petrimonas, Rhodobacter, Fluviicola and Saccharibacteria_generaincertae_sedis in activated sludge have the functions of degrading organic matter and denitrifying, with abundances ranging from 1.81% to 21.48%. The research results can provide reference for the treatment effect of strengthening SBR reactor.
Production automation system for company manufacturing oil country tubular goods
Authors: Krotova S Y , Ovchinnikova E N , Sarapulova T V , Remizova I V
Published: December 2020

This work presents a developments of a single integrated solution for the process automation of oilfield service companies that allows organizing production and management systems in a single information space. The analysis of the main factors and causes that affect the occurrence of production losses, and their consequences. In the scope of this work, algorithms for solving individual automation problems that are interconnected into certain algorithm modules have been developed. The results of the integration analysis of modern ERP automation systems are presented, in particular, their level of adaptation to the stages of the product life cycle, compliance with standards and safety requirements, and the complexity of the transition to an automated system. Possible risks of the implementation of the algorithms were also assessed, describing an applied importance of the development of a single production control algorithm. Further, an evaluation of main advantages and economic effect of the introduction of process control automation system at the company manufacturing oil country tubular goods is presented.
Development of a control system for a rectification column with a neural network adjustment of the flag liquid flow and upper temperature
Authors: Muravyova E A
Published: December 2020

The gas and oil industries are high-tech industries that are based on modern advances in science and technology. This contributed to the development of the control system and the increase in the level of automation of the oil refining process. At a refinery, which is complex production, a process control system plays a key role. There is a need to provide continuous and error-free control, safe and stable operation of the system. One of the perspectives in control systems is neural networks. They can implement any desired process of a non-linear control algorithm with an incomplete, inaccurate description of the control object, and also provide easily implemented adaptation with unstable statistics. This article presents the development of a control system with a neural network adjustment of the reflux fluid flow rate and the top temperature of the column and a comparison with the number of deviations from the norm of the process parameters under the control of the neuroregulator and under the control of the PID controller. Block diagrams of a control system with a neural network controller and a PID controller are compiled. The expediency of using a neural network controller to control the object is substantiated. A mathematical model of the control object was developed taking into account its inherent internal relationships between the parameters of the technological mode and taking into account the influence of external disturbing factors. Processing of the research results was carried out using the software package “MatLab”.
Review of tritium in Bangladesh before commissioning of NPP Rooppur
Authors: Sadhukhan Ramit Kumar , Synzynys B I
Published: December 2020

The comprehensive review article was carried out to present an overview of the tritium radioactivity concentrations in different components of observed freshwater ecosystems, primarily underground water (for drinking) and precipitation in People’s Republic of Bangladesh. Most of the reported data have been obtained using either 3 He in-growth technique which is an indirect method or using direct method with liquid scintillation counter. The results of the radio-ecological monitoring of environment in Bangladesh show that the tritium content in groundwater, precipitation and river water vary from 0-25 TU, 5-10 TU and 5-10 TU respectively. Around proposed Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant site, tritium radionuclide concentration of 6.7-17.6 TU, <25.2 TU, <25.2 TU and 3.4-10.1 TU were obtained for surface water of Padma, bottom sediments, aquatic flora and drinking water respectively. Globally, the natural and technogenic background of tritium is assumed to be 2.2 ± 0.7 Bq/L (18.5 ± 5.9 TU) and 5 Bq/L (42.0 TU) respectively. Henceforth, the investigation authenticated that the tritium content in all samples is below cut-off point that requires intervention. The results obtained during the radio-ecological studies allow for subsequent evaluation of radiation doses and radiological health hazards that organisms/people experience due to the anthropogenic changes of background radiation in the studied regions.
Features of the development of a mathematical model of an electric multipole with memresistive branches for nanoelectronic components of quantum computing systems
Authors: Bondarev A V , Efanov V N
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the features of constructing a mathematical model of a memristor, one of the components of quantum computing systems, in the finite increments of its parameters. A modification of the basic set of elements for the design of nanoelectronic circuits with the addition of a memristor as one of the components is described. As a result of the modification, a mathematical model of an electric multipole with memresistive branches in the finite increments of its parameters is constructed.
Modelling of mass transfer in separation of hydrocarbon mixtures and modernization of industrial columns
Authors: Laptev A G , Lapteva E A , Gilyazov A D
Published: December 2020

A system of differential equations of mass transfer with an interfacial mass source for multicomponent distillation in a column with random and structured packings in the film mode is presented. The interfacial source is associated with the matrix of volumetric mass transfer coefficients as well as a driving force for mass transfer. The diffusion fluxes of mass of components are written in the form of Fick’s law with elements of the matrix of coefficients of molecular diffusion in the gas (vapor) phase. To simplify the mathematical model, one dimensional equations for the diffusion model of the structure of flows in the gas and liquid phases with the interfacial sources and coefficients of back (longitudinal) mixing of gas and liquid flows are used. The Dankwerts boundary conditions are applied to the system of equations. To calculate the back mixing coefficients, experimental data obtained for the selected types of packings are used. When modelling mass transfer in hydrocarbon mixtures consisting of several dozen components, the system of equations for the diffusion models is solved for the key components and fractions of the oil and gas condensate (OGC) mixture stabilization column at an industrial enterprise. A brief description of the technological scheme is given. Scientific and technical solutions are developed to replace obsolete sieve trays in the stabilizer column with a new structured corrugated roll packing having a rough surface. It is found that a packing height of eight meters is sufficient for separating OGC in a given composition range. As a result of implementation of the new packing, the content of isopentane in the stable condensate decreases and its concentration in the broad fraction of light hydrocarbons increases from 9 wt.% to 11.7 wt.%. The implementation of packing in the stabilizer column meets the requirements of the technical specifications.
Testing the software and hardware complex for managing the power supply system of stationary consumers of railways
Authors: Tretyakov E A
Published: December 2020

A prototype of an intelligent electronic device in the form of a software and hardware complex has been developed and tested, which provides identification of modes, automatic maintenance of optimal (quasi-optimal) voltage levels in the distribution network of the controlled area, automatic coordinated control of voltage regulation means and reactive power compensation means, FACTS devices, storage devices, generation, active consumers based on the involved components of the concepts of "virtual power plant" and "Internet of energy", automatic reconfiguration of the electrical network in normal mode. The results of numerical experiments on simulation models and physical measurements at operating facilities of the electric power industry confirm the reliability of the scientific and practical provisions presented in the article.
The use of the basic parameters of water-physical properties of oil-contaminated soils in the technology of the biological remediation stage (Western Siberia)
Authors: Nosova M V , Seredina V P , Rybn A S
Published: December 2020

This report presents the results of field and experimental studies of water-physical properties of soils of oil-contaminated floodplain ecosystems of the mid-taiga subzone of Western Siberia. Features and basic patterns of their change in various contamination zones (epicenter - impact zone) are revealed. The state of water-physical properties of technologically contaminated soils is compared with background counterparts. Recommendations on the use of basic soil-hydrological constants (range of active moisture, wilting moisture, and field moisture capacity) in the technology of phytomelioration are suggested. Study objective: to analyze characteristics of the impact of oil pollution on water-physical properties of alluvial soils and the possibility of using obtained data for the purposes of remediation works.
Geodynamic ranking of hydrocarbon fields by example of South Cis-Ural
Authors: Nesterenko M Yu , Vladov Yu R , Tsviak A V
Published: December 2020

In this paper is presented hydro-geodynamics and geodynamics in hydrocarbon fields by example of the Southern Cis-Urals. Seismicity and geodynamics induced by hydrocarbon production by summarizing the published case studies are considered. Changes in hydro-and gas dynamics affect changes in the geodynamics of the crust. Natural and technogenic changes in subsoil of the Earth Crust are usually entail deformations and tectonic movements of earth’s surface, which is one of the important factors determining environmental changes and requiring attention in geotechnical survey and field development. The method of classification of the geodynamic state of the developed hydrocarbon fields of the oil and gas basin refers to the field of analysis of geophysical processes, its field of application: identification of the geodynamic state of productive strata and developed hydrocarbon fields of the oil and gas basin, identification of dangerous geodynamic processes, selection of a rational mode development of hydrocarbon fields. The predominant field of application is the classification of geodynamic state of the developed hydrocarbon fields of the oil and gas basin.
Study of the acoustic efficiency of a plate silencer of the original design
Authors: Chugunkov D V , Zhuravlev E A , Seyfelmlyukova G A , Fomenko K C
Published: December 2020

Energy facilities are sources of noise impact. One of the most powerful sources of constant noise at such facilities is power boilers and draft machines, which emit noise into the surrounding area from air intakes and chimney mouths. To reduce noise from them, dissipative plate-type silencers are mainly used. In many cases, the installation in gas and air ducts of typical dissipative plate noise silencers consisting of plates with flat sidewalls does not provide the required acoustic efficiency with a limited length of the plates and the requirement for low aerodynamic resistance. In this regard, an urgent direction of scientific research is the development of new approaches to improve the acoustic characteristics of dissipative noise mufflers. The article presents the results of field tests of the acoustic efficiency of a dissipative plate noise muffler, consisting of patented noise suppression elements. The comparison of the obtained efficiency of the muffler from the proposed elements of noise suppression with the efficiency of the known designs of plate mufflers is carried out.
Assessment of prospects and directions of digital transformation of oil and gas companies
Authors: Flaksman A S , Kokurin D I , Khodzhaev D K , Ekaterinovskaya M A , Orusova O V , Vlasov A V
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the prospects for digital transformation of oil producing companies using the example of Gazprom Neft PJSC. For this, the article analyzes the current state of digital technologies in industries, as well as an analysis of the risks of potential implementation of digital technologies in various industries. The main technological and economic processes in the company of the oil and gas complex were investigated, taking into account, which the assessment of the possibility of introducing digital technologies into the business processes of the oil and gas company was carried out. In the final part of the article, an assessment of the results of the introduction of digital technologies at the enterprises of the oil production complex is carried out.
Assessment of oil and gas resources of northern Afghanistan and their impact on energy security in the country
Authors: Mehrad Ahmad Tamim , Zvolinski V P , Kapralova D O , Niazmand Milad Ahmad
Published: December 2020

Developing and utilization from hydrocarbon resources of northern Afghanistan is very important for ensuring the energy security and development of the least developed country in Asia. The estimation made by the USGS and Afghanistan geological survey revealed substantial oil and gas resources in the Amu Darya and Afghan-Tajik basins of northern Afghanistan that created an optimistically bright landscape for ensuring the energy availability and development of the country. This study evaluates the Amu Darya and Afghan-Tajik hydrocarbon basins and their development prospective. In 2020, field trips were arranged to Sheberghan and Sar-e-Pul oil and gas fields for collecting information, conducting interviews, and evaluating the infrastructures of oil and gas fields. The findings described that the infrastructures for producing oil and gas are old, poorly maintained, and have limited production capacity. There are serious obstacles, such as security problems, undeveloped infrastructures, and technical issues that are needed to be considered.
Analysis of the requirements for foundry coke
Authors: Ivanova V A
Published: December 2020

Foundry coke is part of the mixture for melting of cast irons in coke oven and coke oven gas furnaces, which make up more than 37% of the domestic fleet of cast iron furnaces. It is obtained by sieving coal coke. Performing the function of fuel and providing the necessary heat, foundry coke has a significant impact on the stability of the melting process and the temperature of the cast iron. The share of energy and fuel in the cost of iron casting is 55-60%, so the reduction in coke consumption is of great importance for the energy efficiency of melting and the cost of castings. The requirements for foundry coke are currently set in the standard GOST 3340-88 “Foundry coke. Technical specifications”, in which five indicators are normalized: mass fraction of total moisture, W_t^r, %; ash content of analytical sample, Ad, %; mass fraction of total sulfur, S_t^d, %; strength according to MIKUM, M40, %; fraction of pieces, less than 40 mm.
Influence of the chemical composition of cast iron on the tem-perature of loss of magnetic properties when heating by high-frequency currents
Authors: Kosareva N.V. , Chesnokova A.A.
Published: December 2020

One of the important tasks of modern materials science concerning technical issues is the need to ensure the surface properties of hardened products. An increase in the resource of machines and an increase in reliability are limited by the wear resistance of their components and assemblies: the less wear of the main rubbing pairs, the longer the service life [1]. For example, according to [1], a piston internal combustion engine accounts for 36-52% of the total number of machine failures. Modern technologies have a large number of hardening methods that can increase almost any characteristic of the structural strength of the material. Surface hardening of parts can be carried out in two ways - by changing (modifying) the state of the surface layer or by coating.
Influence of transportation in railway cars of foundry coke on its quality
Authors: Pobegalova E. O. , Ivanova A. J.
Published: December 2020

The granulometric composition of the bulk density of foundry coke is one of the most important characteristics that determine its consumer properties [1]. In the process of melting cast iron in a cupola, foundry coke has to provide sufficient temperature and drainage capacity. The latter is determined by the size of the foundry coke, the uniformity of its particle size distribution, as well as both “hot” (CSR, %) and “cold” (M40, I40, etc.) strength. The dependence of the strength of coke on the carbon structure, the parameters of the porous structure, size, amount and composition of ash is established [2]. There is data [3] indicating a decrease in the “hot” strength of coke with an increase in the content of basic oxides in the ash: an increase in the SO3 content by 1% reduces the CSR by 20-24%.
Standardization of the new flaw detection material for magnetic powder method non-destructive testing
Authors: Chesnokova A. A. , Ivanova V. A. , Kalaeva S. Z.
Published: December 2020

The level of the current state in the field of information support (IS) of the activities of high-tech enterprises is considered in this paper. The main problems are shown on the way to achieving the required level of IS quality in high-tech enterprises of the country. The need for the formation of a number of standardized requirements for the IS quality of a high-tech enterprise to improve its level is determined. A typical list of requirements for the IS quality is determined and a model of a system for accounting for requirements for the IS quality is developed using the example of Scientific and technological center of unique instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Recommended initial pressure for the correct operation of vibrofuge based on the conducted research
Authors: Krokhmal V V
Published: December 2020

The article presents the operation of vibrofuge test stand. The main research of the stand operation is discussed. The mode of piston motion in gas spring and gas behavior inside the working spring chamber is shown. Based on the research the recommended initial pressure is calculated, which must be set in spring chamber for the correct operation of the test stand.
Forecasting models of agricultural process based on fuzzy time series
Authors: Parfenova V. E. , Bulgakova G. G. , Amagaeva Yu. G. , Evdokimov K. V. , Samorukov V. I.
Published: December 2020

Today, the problem of increasing the validity and accuracy of forecasts based on the analysis of time series under conditions of uncertainty is very important. The models and methods used to predict the dynamics of agricultural processes are built on quantitative information and are implemented as part of a statistical approach. In this approach, time-based forecasting models are constructed on several requirements for the initial data, the main of which are the requirements of comparability, sufficient representativeness to reveal regularity, uniformity, and stability. Only keeping these requirements, uncertainty can be interpreted in terms of randomness and appropriate statistical forecasting methods can be applied. However, the real dynamic processes taking place in agriculture are represented by time series, for which these requirements are rarely feasible, due to the great uncertainty of the factors determining their dynamics. The problem of forecasting such series is particularly relevant for agricultural science and practice. The article touches upon the possibilities of using fuzzy modeling tools to predict the dynamics of processes in the agricultural sector.
Research of social media channels as a digital analytical and planning technology of advertising campaigns
Authors: Isaenko E , Makrinova E , Rozdolskaya I , Matuzenko E , Bozhuk S
Published: December 2020

In Russia social media, in particular instant messengers, have advanced rapidly in recent years. The most popular ones are WhatsApp, Viber, Skype, Telegram. The purpose of this article is to systematize factors of market positioning of social media channels as a digital analytical and planning technology of advertising campaigns. A systematic approach and comparative analysis were used to study this problem. The authors attempted to develop a methodological approach towards analyzing and planning of advertising campaigns in social media based on the analysis of the factors characterizing quantitative parameters of the Internet platform development and its target audience distribution. The proposed approach was tested by the authors for determining the development features of Telegram messenger, analyzing its target audience (users with higher education engaged in science, technique, information technology, etc.) and its promotional product (posts in the form of a native format, etc.). The analysis concluded that Telegram platform is suitable for analyzing and planning of promotion campaigns in any business field.
Business incubator assessment model
Authors: Tsygankov N S , Petrunina A E , Moskalev A K , Valkova Y E
Published: December 2020

At the initial stage of economy innovative potential formation, the leading role belongs to small venture firms that provide market development of the intellectual activity results. Support for small businesses of this type is usually provided through the development of a business incubators system initiated by regional authorities and implemented through targeted budget funding. In this regard, it is important for incubators to develop an indicators system for evaluating the effectiveness of budget allocations and private investment. The paper proposes a two-level system of business incubator functioning and develops a management structure that allows analyzing the current state of the organization and the results of its work using a mathematical model. The incubator activity is determined by the state of the system at the time of starting the next cycle of work, the state of the incubated companies at each stage of incubation (pre-incubation, incubation, post-incubation) and planned tasks, taking into account resource and technological limitations. The proposed model can be used in the development of methods for continuous deviations monitoring from the planned performance indicators of the organization with the ability to pinpoint the problem and respond to it. The advantage of the proposed model is that it can be scaled up to the level of the innovation structure of the region.
Imitation Simulator for PID Controller Adjustment
Authors: Kremenetskaya M E , Shkromado A A , Bulkaeva E A
Published: December 2020

The article contains the description of the structure and functionality of the developed imitation simulator of PID controllers adjustment, which makes it possible to setup their typical modifications on the example of a hypothetical technological process taking into account the peculiarities of real contollers and restrictions, introduced by actuators and control signals.
Methodological approaches to assessing the level of digitalization of countries and regions
Authors: Kurilova A , Antipov D
Published: December 2020

New digital technologies are dynamically penetrating the economies of various countries and regions, having a significant impact on the development of its infrastructure and economic efficiency. The effectiveness of the latest digital technologies is becoming a key element in international economic competition. The expanding use of modern information and communication technologies is becoming a prerequisite for the emergence and development of new effective management technologies, entrepreneurial practices, and successful businesses. Therefore, most countries and regions stimulate these processes at the state and regional levels. In order to ensure the systematic implementation and development of digital technologies, the development of methodological approaches to assessing the digitalization level of countries and regions is relevant.
Studies of the composition of the cryogenic ground chaga
Authors: Razumov E Yu , Safin R R , Mukhametzyanov Sh R , Baigildeeva E I , Safina A V , Lebedev D O
Published: December 2020

The paper studies the properties and chemical composition of birch fungus - Chaga, which contains a unique complex of biologically active substances and is used as a raw material for the production of drugs and biologically active additives. The components listed prove their antioxidant, immunomodulating, antiviral, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic properties. The paper specifies the application of chaga in such areas as medicine, agriculture and food industry. It analyses the way the method of grinding of plant raw materials might influence the quality of the resulting drugs, including the sustaining the biological activity. The results determined that the cryogenic grinding of chaga, which allows to preserve valuable substances of the fungus due to its grinding at low temperature in liquid nitrogen to be the most reasonable. The paper gives the analysis of the obtained dispersed phase by high performance liquid chromatography and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results of the studies indicate an increase in the content of particular valuable components of the fungus in extracts of raw materials that have gone through the cryogenic grinding, compared with the extracts of raw materials obtained by the traditional grinding method. The data acquired can be of practical importance when chaga is used in medicine.
Intumescent coatings with improved properties for fireproofing of wooden building constructions
Authors: Ustinov A. , Zybina O. , Kruglov E.
Published: December 2020

The paper overviews the mechanism of fire-retardant action of intumescent coatings in relation to wooden structures. A comparative assessment of fire-retardant performance of various intumescent compositions, their effectiveness in relation to wood and materials based on it, has been carried out. For this, tests were carried out using the «ceramic tube» method and tests in the cellulosic fire mode. As a result of tests, it was shown that glass microspheres, kaolin, and water-soluble sulfonated graphene are significantly effective functional additives in the intumescent composition. The mechanism of their influence on fire retardant efficiency is considered. It has been shown that compositions containing sulfonated graphene provide a delay in heating in the surface layer of wooden sample, whereas classical intumescent compositions more effectively provide a delay in heating in the depth of the sample. Almost all of the considered compositions demonstrated satisfactory performance when tested by the «ceramic tube» method, thus these compositions allow to make the wood hardly flammable and hardly combustible.
Some aspects of custom-made 3d-printed hip joint implant structural simulation
Authors: Maslov L , Zhmaylo M , Maslova I , Purkova S , Tarasenko F , Musaev E , Sushentsov E , Barriere T
Published: December 2020

Current article is devoted to the application of computer-aided engineering technologies to the virtual testing of customized endoprostheses of large joints. The research is performed for a representative case, where the personalized prosthesis of the hip joint is used as a part of the process of treatment of osteosarcoma, as conventional systems are not applicable. The study is highly relevant due to the intensive development of personalized medicine allowing for the patients’ successful recovery and mobilization. However, since each of the customized implants is a unique part, a rapid, accurate and financially efficient methodology of performing the structural analysis of such components is required to avoid the real testing of each implant. The article describes the all steps of the structural simulation of the series of loading scenarios for the biomechanical system consisting of the pelvis and endoprosthesis. The process of preparing the finite element models of pelvic bones and components of the implant is also explained in detail. The stress-strain state of the pelvis and implant is investigated for a number of values of the pretension force of the screws. Based on the comparative analysis, a set of practical recommendations is formulated to reduce the stress in the bone tissue. The discussed steps are the elements of the methodology of the rapid finite element virtual testing of the customized implants that is currently developed by the research group.
Tibia and Fibula Stress Strain Research
Authors: Sudneva A I , Smirnov A V , Stepanov M D , Kharaldin N A , Stepanov A V , Borovkov A I
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the stress strain research of a biomechanical system formed by the tibia, fibula and muscles under external stress (axial compression). In this study an anatomically accurate geometric model of human bones was developed based on CT analysis data, which was the basis of the calculated finite element model. A numerical evaluation of the stress strain state was carried out using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The developed model of the tibia and fibula was validated based on the results of axial compression field tests. The analysis of mesh independence of finite element models of the tibia and fibula has been carried out.
Tire tread optimization method to improve to push aside the water from the road contact patch
Authors: Zhilin Y D , Kharaldin N A , Cvetkov P S , Stepanov A V , Aleshin M V , Borovkov A I
Published: December 2020

The paper is devoted to the development of a method for optimizing the tread pattern to push aside the water from the road contact patch. This technique works with ready-made tread patterns of any type. Today, the methodology under consideration is relevant, since it prevents the occurrence of one of the most common causes of road accidents - aquaplaning. Currently, it is impossible to eliminate the risk of such an effect. It can only be reduced by slowing down or ensuring a uniform load on all wheels, trying to drive through the puddle with all four wheels.