bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnic Differences in Blood Pressure and Hypertensive Complications During Pregnancy
Authors: Bouthoorn Selma H. , Gaillard Romy , Steegers Eric A.P. , Hofman Albert , Jaddoe Vincent W.V. , van Lenthe Frank J. , Raat Hein
Published: May 2012

The aim was to investigate ethnic differences in blood pressure levels in each trimester of pregnancy and the risk of gestational hypertensive disorders and the degree to which such differences can be explained by education and lifestyle-related factors. The study included 6215 women participating in a population-based prospective cohort study from early pregnancy onward in Rotterdam. Ethnicity was assessed at enrollment. Blood pressure was measured in each trimester. Information about gestational hypertensive disorders was available from medical charts. Lifestyle factors included smoking, alcohol, caffeine intake, folic acid supplementation, sodium and energy intake, body mass index, and maternal stress. Associations and explanatory pathways were investigated using linear and logistic regression analysis. Dutch pregnant women had higher systolic blood pressure levels as compared with women in other ethnic groups in each trimester of pregnancy. Compared with Dutch women, Turkish and Moroccan women had lower diastolic blood pressure levels in each trimester. These differences remained after adjusting for education and lifestyle factors. Turkish and Moroccan women had a lower risk of gestational hypertension as compared with Dutch women (odds ratio, 0.32 [95% CI, 0.18–0.58] and odds ratio, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.14–0.58]), and Cape Verdean women had an elevated risk of preeclampsia (odds ratio, 2.22 [95% CI, 1.22–4.07]). Differences could not be explained by education or lifestyle. Substantial ethnic differences were observed in blood pressure levels and risk of gestational hypertensive disorders in each trimester of pregnancy, and a wide range of variables could not explain these differences.
Blood Pressure and Retinal Microvascular Characteristics During Pregnancy
Authors: Li Ling-Jun , Cheung Carol Yim-Lui , Ikram M. Kamran , Gluckman Peter , Meaney Michael J. , Chong Yap-Seng , Kwek Kenneth , Wong Tien-Yin , Saw Seang-Mei
Published: May 2012

Changes in maternal blood pressure during pregnancy are associated with poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. We investigated whether maternal blood pressure during midpregnancy has an impact on the retinal microcirculation among pregnant Asian women. A total of 665 pregnant women aged 18 to 46 years were recruited from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes Study. Blood pressure and retinal vascular parameters were both measured at 26 weeks' gestation following a standardized protocol. Blood pressure was measured by a digital automatic blood pressure monitor (Omron HEM 705 LP). Quantitative retinal vascular parameters were assessed by a semiautomated computer-based program (Singapore I Vessel Assessment, version 3.0). In multiple linear regression models, every 10-mm Hg increase in mean arterial blood pressure was associated with a 1.9-μm (
P
<0.001) reduction in retinal arteriolar caliber, a 0.9° (
P
=0.05) reduction in retinal arteriolar branching angle, and a 0.07 (
P
<0.01) reduction in retinal arteriolar fractal dimension, respectively. Patients classified into a high-risk group in developing preeclampsia (mean arterial blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg) were twice as likely (odds ratio 2.1 [95% CI, 1.0–4.4]) to have generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing compared with those classified into a low-risk group (mean arterial blood pressure <90 mm Hg). Retinal venular caliber and vascular tortuosity were not associated with blood pressure measures. Elevated blood pressure is associated with a range of retinal arteriolar changes in pregnant women, providing evidence for an impact of blood pressure on the microcirculation during pregnancy.
Statistical Analysis of the Life Cycle of Isolated Tropical Cold Cloud Systems Using MTSAT-1R and TRMM Data
Authors: Imaoka Keiji , Nakamura Kenji
Published: May 2012

Observations from the Multifunctional Transport Satellite-1R (MTSAT-1R) and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellites are analyzed to show the universal view of the cloud life cycle, including the changes of vertical structure of rainfall, over the Maritime Continent and a part of the tropical western Pacific, with a focus on the isolated cold cloud systems. Temporally connected cold cloud systems are identified by a cloud tracking procedure and compared with the collocated observations from TRMM. Clear life cycle changes of the average reflectivity profile from the Precipitation Radar (PR), such as those of radar echo height and the brightband feature, are statistically confirmed over the ocean area. Systems with a lifetime of 5 h show a behavior similar to those of typical mesoscale convective systems, with an extension of anvil clouds up to an area of about 6000 km2 as a delayed response to the earlier intense convection, indicated by the peaks of rain rates and radar echo height at the early stages. In contrast, the 2-h lifetime systems decay rapidly and do not produce an extension of cloud and precipitation. The results also show that the difference between rainfall estimates of the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) and PR depends on the phase in the lifetime. TMI tends to provide higher conditional average rain rates at the mature phase than that of PR.
How Predictable is the Indian Ocean Dipole?
Authors: Shi Li , Hendon Harry H. , Alves Oscar , Luo Jing-Jia , Balmaseda Magdalena , Anderson David
Published: May 2012

In light of the growing recognition of the role of surface temperature variations in the Indian Ocean for driving global climate variability, the predictive skill of the sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies associated with the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) is assessed using ensemble seasonal forecasts from a selection of contemporary coupled climate models that are routinely used to make seasonal climate predictions. The authors assess predictions from successive versions of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology Predictive Ocean–Atmosphere Model for Australia (POAMA 15b and 24), successive versions of the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFSv1 and CFSv2), the ECMWF seasonal forecast System 3 (ECSys3), and the Frontier Research Centre for Global Change system (SINTEX-F) using seasonal hindcasts initialized each month from January 1982 to December 2006.

The lead time for skillful prediction of SST in the western Indian Ocean is found to be about 5–6 months while in the eastern Indian Ocean it is only 3–4 months when all start months are considered. For the IOD events, which have maximum amplitude in the September–November (SON) season, skillful prediction is also limited to a lead time of about one season, although skillful prediction of large IOD events can be longer than this, perhaps up to about two seasons. However, the tendency for the models to overpredict the occurrence of large events limits the confidence of the predictions of these large events. Some common model errors, including a poor representation of the relationship between El Niño and the IOD, are identified indicating that the upper limit of predictive skill of the IOD has not been achieved.
Representation of Boundary Layer Moisture Transport in Cloud-Resolving Models
Authors: Moeng Chin-Hoh , Arakawa Akio
Published: May 2012

One of the important roles of the PBL is to transport moisture from the surface to the cloud layer. However, how this transport process can be accounted for in cloud-resolving models (CRMs) is not sufficiently clear and has rarely been examined. A typical CRM can resolve the bulk feature of large convection systems but not the small-scale convection and turbulence motions that carry a large portion of the moisture fluxes. This study uses a large-eddy simulation of a tropical deep-convection system as a benchmark to examine the subgrid-scale (SGS) moisture transport into a cloud system.

It is shown that most of the PBL moisture transport to the cloud layer occurs in the areas under low-level updrafts, with rain, or under cloudy skies, although these PBL regimes may cover only a small fraction of the entire cloud-system domain. To develop SGS parameterizations to represent the spatial distribution of this moisture transport in CRMs, three models are proposed and tested. An updraft–downdraft model performs exceptionally well, while a statistical-closure model and a local-gradient model are less satisfactory but still perform adequately. Each of these models, however, has its own closure issues to be addressed. The updraft–downdraft model requires a scheme to estimate the mean SGS updraft–downdraft properties, the statistical-closure model needs a scheme to predict both SGS vertical-velocity and moisture variances, while the local-gradient model requires estimation of the SGS vertical-velocity variance.
Young Children Manifest Spiritualities in Their Hip-Hop Writing
Authors: Norton Nadjwa E. L.
Published: May 2012

In this article, the author combines multicultural feminist critical theories with the voices of Black and Latina/Latino young spiritual children to extend culturally responsive teaching. The author illuminates how children use their hip-hop writing to construct themselves as people who communicate with God, choose spiritual content for their hip-hop songs, and attest to God’s abilities to help people. By helping in-service and preservice teachers increase their awareness and understandings of children’s spiritualities and spiritual practices, one can (re)vision the policies, pedagogies, methodologies, and structures that are, can, and should occur in educational institutions.
Fear Perceptions in Public Parks
Authors: Jorgensen Lisa J. , Ellis Gary D. , Ruddell Edward
Published: May 2012

This research examined the effect of concealment (environmental cues), presence or absence of people recreating (social cues), and gender on individuals’ fear of crime in a community park setting. Using a 7-point single-item indicator, 732 participants from two samples (540 park visitors and 192 college students) rated their estimates of fear of crime to 24 photographic representations of a community park. All three, two-factor interaction effects were significant in the park visitor sample, but in the student sample, only the Presence of People Recreating × Gender effect was significant. These results suggest that social and environmental cues may jointly affect fear experiences and that the presence of other people recreating in a park environment and the gender of an individual may influence fear of crime when recreating alone in a park setting. Implications include design and management techniques that promote safe park environments.
Effects of Multiple Boundaries on Perceived Spaciousness and Enclosure
Authors: Stamps Arthur E.
Published: May 2012

This article reports seven new, original findings, based on 4 experiments, 56 environmental scenes, and 71 participants, on how the factors of area over which one could walk (boundary height, boundary porosity, and boundary proximity) influence perceived spaciousness or enclosure. Perceived spaciousness was most strongly related by the area over which one could walk. Enclosure was most strongly related to boundary height. Proximate boundaries had stronger effects on perceived enclosure than did distal boundaries. Results were highly reproducible over vastly different environmental venues, indicating that the research protocols worked very well.
Essential components for success: A smoking cessation programme in a group setting
Authors: Southard Carol , Sell Heather
Published: May 2012

Objective:

To assess long-term quit rates of a comprehensive smoking cessation group programme and identify factors that may influence outcomes.

Design:

Data from 199 patients who participated in the programme from June 2009 through June 2010 were evaluated regarding smoking history, nicotine dependence and attitudes toward smoking and quitting.

Setting:

The programme is offered at hospitals, worksites and multiple community locations.

Methods:

All participants were offered eight weekly group counselling sessions and cessation medication. Participants completed a programme evaluation at the end of the last session to assess smoking status and evaluate the course. Patients were contacted at three and 12 months post-programme to obtain their smoking status.

Results:

Over half (58%) of participants attended the majority of the eight group therapy sessions and most took pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation (173, 87%). Most (148, 76%) had successfully quit smoking at the end of the eighth session; 131 (67%) and 81 (56%) remained tobacco free at the three- and 12-month assessments respectively.

Conclusion:

This carefully planned programme with detailed materials and procedures provides a non-judgemental, supportive environment that fosters participant adherence in implementing the behaviours that are necessary to achieve total and enduring smoking abstinence.
Humanistic Psychology’s Social Justice Philosophy
Authors: Perrin Paul B.
Published: May 2012

Racism has held a prominent place in much of psychology discourse, but humanistic psychology may not yet have realized its full potential to contribute in meaningful ways to dialogues about racism. The purpose of this article is to help direct racism and social justice issues to the forefront of humanistic psychology, outlining ways in which humanistic psychologists can draw on their historical values and strengths to develop individual-level and societal interventions to reduce racism, as well as its psychosocial and physical health effects on People of Color. This article discusses a number of domains in the study of racism where humanistic principles have the potential to guide interventions. These domains include internalized racism, race-based traumatic stress as an American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnosis, the role of White individuals in creating and combating racism, the psychosocial costs of racism to White individuals, and the interactions of other forms of oppression with racism. Humanistic psychologists are encouraged to move beyond the walls of academia, engage the community, and reengineer systems that undercut justice for People of Color.
The Development of a String Sight-Reading Pitch Skill Hierarchy
Authors: Alexander Michael L. , Henry Michele L.
Published: May 2012

This study was designed to determine a pitch skill hierarchy for string sight-reading, to determine the effects of key on string sight-reading achievement, and to determine the validity of a tonal pattern system as a measurement of melodic sight-reading skill for string players. High school string students ( n = 94) obtained a mean score of 27.28 out of 31 on a modified version of the Vocal Sight-Reading Inventory. Success rates ranging from .99 to .72 were established for 31 pitch skills, grouped into eight tonal categories. Significant differences were found between skills appearing in the keys of D and E, with 11 of 31 skills obtaining significantly differing results by key. A .95 correlation between note-by-note and skill-based scoring systems indicates that skill-based scoring is a valid measurement of string players’ sight-reading of tonal pitch skills within a melodic context. Researchers should explore whether these pitch skills hold their relative difficulty level with less accomplished players and between instrument types, establish a hierarchy for rhythm skills, further investigate the effect of key, and identify anxiety levels for sight-reading when the consequences of performance quality vary.
Absolute Recidivism Rates Predicted By Static-99R and Static-2002R Sex Offender Risk Assessment Tools Vary Across Samples
Authors: Helmus Leslie , Hanson R. Karl , Thornton David , Babchishin Kelly M. , Harris Andrew J. R.
Published: May 2012

There has been considerable research on relative predictive accuracy (i.e., discrimination) in offender risk assessment (e.g., Are high-risk offenders more likely to reoffend than low-risk offenders?), but virtually no research on the accuracy or stability of absolute recidivism estimates (i.e., calibration). The current study aimed to fill this gap by examining absolute and relative risk estimates for certain Static sex offender assessment tools. Logistic regression coefficients for Static-99R and Static-2002R were combined through meta-analysis (8,106 sex offenders; 23 samples). The sexual recidivism rates for typical sex offenders are lower than the public generally believes. Static-99R and Static-2002R both demonstrated remarkably consistent relative predictive accuracy across studies. For both scales, however, the predicted recidivism rates within each risk score demonstrated large and significant variability across studies. The authors discuss how the variability in recidivism rates complicates the estimation of recidivism probability in applied assessments.
“This Clinic Is Number One”
Authors: Watermeyer Jennifer
Published: May 2012

HIV/AIDS has significantly affected health care practices. The need for high adherence and regular clinic visits places pressure on health care providers and patients. Poor quality of care has been described in many contexts, but some clinics have achieved excellent treatment results. Using a success case approach, this study aimed to understand factors which contribute to successful care at a South African pediatric HIV/AIDS clinic with documented high patient adherence and follow-up rates. Data included over 50 hours of ethnographic observations and interviews with a total of 35 clinic staff and caregivers. Thematic analysis highlighted strong congruence between caregiver and staff perceptions. Factors which seemed to contribute to successful care included organizational routines, staff–patient relationships, communication, teamwork, leadership, job commitment, caregivers’ negative experiences at other clinics, and faith in the “life-saving” care at this clinic. Results suggest the need for all factors to be present in order to promote quality of care. Recommendations for other clinic settings are discussed.
Judgment, Resources, and Complexity
Authors: Shepherd Jonathan
Published: May 2012

Systematic reviews play an increasingly important role in decision making in health promotion and public health. However, little has been published on how systematic reviewers acquire necessary knowledge and skills, and on the challenges they face in producing reviews. Semistructured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 17 systematic reviewers of health promotion. They described practice, training, and mentoring as being key ways that they learned reviewing skills, often in combination. Practice-based learning was considered to be particularly beneficial. Training was generally easy to access, though questions were raised about the feasibility of training stakeholders such as health professionals to become reviewers. It was suggested that an understanding of research methods is beneficial for novice reviewers. While funding opportunities for doing reviews are available, long-term investment is needed to support an infrastructure for the production of high-quality systematic reviews of important health promotion priorities.
The Relationship of Point-of-Sale Tobacco Advertising and Neighborhood Characteristics to Underage Sales of Tobacco
Authors: Widome Rachel , Brock Betsy , Noble Petra , Forster Jean L.
Published: May 2012

Our objective was to determine how point-of-sale tobacco marketing may relate to sales to minors. The authors used data from a 2007 cross-sectional study of the retail tobacco marketing environments in the St. Paul, MN metropolitan area matched with a database of age-of-sale compliance checks (random, covert test purchases by a minor, coordinated by law enforcement) of tobacco retailers and U.S. Census data to test whether certain characteristics of advertising or neighborhoods were associated with compliance check failure. The authors found that tobacco stores were the most likely type of store to fail compliance checks (44% failure), supermarkets were least likely (3%). Aside from a marginally significant association with Hispanic population proportion, there was no other association between either store advertising characteristics or neighborhood demographics and stores’ compliance check failure. Though our findings were null, the relationship between advertising and real youth sales may be more nuanced as compliance checks do not perfectly simulate the way youth attempt to purchase cigarettes.
Two Contrasting Models for Mentoring as They Affect Retention of Beginning Teachers
Authors: Hallam Pamela R. , Chou Po Nien (Felipe) , Hite Julie M. , Hite Steven J.
Published: May 2012

Research indicates that mentoring programs help increase the retention of beginning teachers. School administrators may be presented with competing mentoring models, with various sources and types of support, aimed at improving beginning teacher retention. This study collected both qualitative and quantitative data under the rubric of a comparative case study method to investigate mentoring models in the Asher and Dane School Districts (pseudonyms). Using this approach, the authors explored the two distinct models related to beginning teacher retention. Although both districts used collaborative teams, in-school mentors, and principals within the context of professional learning communities to participate in the mentoring of beginning teachers, only the Dane School District employed district “coaches.” Findings from this research suggest that these “coaches” were not as effective as in-school mentors or collaborative teams in increasing retention, possibly because of lack of proximity and personal relationship. Additional findings describe and explain mentoring characteristics and different sources of support that benefited the mentoring experience and subsequent retention of beginning teachers.
Taking Personality Seriously
Authors: Cooper Christopher A. , Knotts H. Gibbs , McCord David M. , Johnson Andrew
Published: May 2012

This study documents the use of personality assessment in public administration and examines the relationship between personality and job outcomes among public managers. The limitations and problems with the most popular personality assessment framework, the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator, are discussed. The authors then present the five-factor model of personality as an empirically verified, theoretically sound framework that is widely accepted within the field of psychology. Using a survey of public administrators in three states, it is demonstrated that public managers are aware of personality assessment, use it in their jobs, and are generally convinced of its efficacy. The authors also present the results of personality profiles of public managers demonstrating the usefulness of all five domains of the five-factor model of personality for understanding key outcome measures such as job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviors.
To Stand Sitting! Bi-Cultural Dilemmas in a Large Group in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: von Sommaruga Howard Teresa
Published: May 2012

The large group often reveals what a society has tried to forget. In 2007 the Aotearoa New Zealand Psychotherapy Association took the unusual step of deciding not only to have a large group but also to make it the central experience at their annual conference in Napier. This article reflects on my experience as conductor and focuses on projective processes that brought buried aspects of the colonial history of Aotearoa New Zealand to the surface.
The Iso-Type: The Panoptic Zeal, the Uncanny, and the Seeds of a New Social Character
Authors: Tjelta Svein
Published: May 2012

This article attempts to show how regulation of society with standardization and procedures for everything risks creating what is here called the Iso-Type character. Starting off with Jeremy Bentham’s thoughts about panoptical control, then reviewing work on social character, the author uses Freud’s concept of the uncanny to understand the chaos anxiety that underlies much of the need for standard regulation and control. To illustrate the development, the author uses as an example the institution of the International Standard Organization, which represents the standardization efforts. The impact and implementation of such standardization in society is not without side effects, some of which are listed here. The article attempts to describe unconscious social desire that is hypothesized at the bottom of this development.
Am I My Brother’s Keeper? The Analytic Group as a Space for Re-enacting and Treating Sibling Trauma
Authors: Ashuach Smadar
Published: May 2012

The thesis of this article, is that the analytic group is a place for a reliving and re-enactment of sibling relations. Psychoanalytic and group analytic writings about the issue of siblings will be surveyed. Juliet Mitchell’s theory of ‘sibling trauma’ and how it is reflected in the group analytic group will be briefly presented. It will be argued that the group is a place in which ‘sibling trauma’ is re-enacted and can effectively be treated. My thesis will be supported with clinical examples.
Bullying: The Gang Inside and Outside
Authors: Billow Richard M.
Published: May 2012

Bullying is a pervasive phenomenon in human relations, in groups, and societies. It exists literally, figuratively, and psychologically, as a phenomenon both in the outside world and in the mentalities of the leader and group members. Bully/bullied motifs prevail in our profession’s clinical theorizing, thinking, and behaviour—interwoven into the fabric of culture and process of group work.
August in England
Authors: Tester Keith
Published: May 2012

In early August 2011, disturbances broke out in a number of English cities. What happened was broadcast globally, and all of a sudden it seemed as if all of the country was about to burst into flames. This short paper is offered by way of a ‘letter’ from England. It was written in late August 2011 and is an initial attempt to develop an understanding of why the disturbances broke out, what motivated the people who were involved and, indeed, why things were confined to England. Cities elsewhere in Britain experienced nothing. The paper identifies a crisis in the English social imaginary. The disturbances are understood as a conjunctural response to this crisis, a response highlighting the interregnum in the English social imaginary.
Delta blues at the crossroads
Authors: Henshall John C
Published: May 2012

For many years, the downtown in Clarksdale, with a municipal population of 17,960 and located in the northern part of the Mississippi Delta, had lost its role as the centre providing a wide range of jobs and services to those living in the surrounding region. For many cities and towns in America, downtown decline has been associated with the flight to the suburbs and the growth in shopping malls serving flourishing gated communities. In Clarksdale’s case, downtown decline has been due largely to the advent of big box retailing and the location of new retail and commercial developments along the state highway on the edge of town, combined with the loss of jobs and population associated with agricultural restructuring. Today, however, Clarksdale has taken up the challenge to ‘revitalize’ the downtown in the face of economic adversity. Recovery is under way, and much of this is associated with blues music and Delta culture: Clarksdale is situated at the fabled ‘crossroads’ of Highways 49 and 61 and is also the home to national icons in literature, art and other cultural pursuits. These are key elements around which the downtown revitalization effort is focused. This paper charts the process by which the Clarksdale community has embarked on the road to downtown recovery, and highlights the town’s indelible links with the blues, borne out of years of toil, hardship and social deprivation. The paper emphasizes the importance of ‘champions’ and ‘creative people’, drawing on community support, in achieving downtown revitalization. Positive results are becoming evident with new businesses and jobs, improved levels of service, refurbishment of derelict buildings, a renewed sense of place, and an uplift in community confidence. The significance of cultural tourism to downtown revitalization is highlighted, with particular emphasis on the global appeal of blues, but with its roots firmly established in Clarksdale and the Delta.
Fuels, sparks and fires
Authors: Bauman Zygmunt
Published: May 2012

Britain’s August riots were an explosion bound sooner or later to happen. Just like a minefield: one knows that some of the explosives will, true to their nature, sooner or later explode, but one doesn’t know where and when. In the case of a social minefield, however, an explosion is likely to spread instantaneously, thanks to contemporary technology transmitting information in the ‘real time’ and prompting the ‘copy-cat’ effect. This particular social minefield was created by the combination of consumerism with rising inequality. This was not a rebellion or an uprising of famished and impoverished people or an oppressed ethnic or religious minority but a mutiny of defective and disqualified consumers, people offended and humiliated by the display of riches to which they had been denied access.
Writing Oz pop: An insider’s account of Australian popular culture making and historiography
Authors: Hogan Trevor , Beilharz Peter
Published: May 2012

This interview – conducted by Peter Beilharz and Trevor Hogan with Clinton Walker over the course of three months (July to September 2011) between Melbourne and Sydney via email and Skype – explores the questions of Australian popular culture writing with, against, and of the culture industries themselves. Walker is a leading freelance Australian cultural historian and rock music journalist. He is the author of seven books, five about Australian music. He has been a radio DJ and TV presenter. He compiled and produced four double CD album collections of Australian music – Inner City Sound, Buried Country, Long Way to the Top, and Studio 22. He has been a key writer in several multi-media projects, including the Powerhouse Museum Real Wild Child exhibition and CD-Rom (1995) and ABC TV’s hit documentary series/CD/DVD Long Way to the Top (2001). In 2006, a new US edition of his first book Inner City Sound (with soundtrack CD) was published. His Golden Miles: Sex, Speed and the Australian Muscle Car (2005) has been published in a revised edition in 2009. In 2012, his eighth book, The Wizard of Oz, will be published. Walker is currently writing with Beilharz and Hogan a book called The Vinyl Age: The History of Australian Rock Music, 1945–1995. The interviewers invited Walker to reflect critically on his 35-year ‘career’ as pop avatar, independent writer and critic in the post-war to post-modern Australian popular culture industries. Going from journalism to his path-finding books and television documentaries, the article traces this work’s development both in personal terms and as a symptom of the broader cultural evolution, from the suburbs to pop to art and rock and back again; between London and the provincial cultures of Oz; from one-way American consumerism to local DIY egalitarianism, analogue to digital to global dialogue, youth culture to multi-culturalism, and from the putative low brow to the legimitization process itself of popular culture.
A Constructive-Developmental Perspective on the Transformative Learning of Adults Marginalized by Race, Class, and Gender
Authors: Bridwell Sandra D.
Published: May 2012

Using Kegan’s constructive-developmental theory, this study examines transformative learning among six low-income and homeless women of Color pursuing their GED in a shelter-based literacy program. Narrative analysis of two developmental interview instruments indicated that some participants’ epistemological perspectives and knowledge construction became more complex over time. Some participants also applied transformative learning to other aspects of their lives. The study suggests that groups often regarded as marginalized by race, class, and gender may experience growth in epistemological complexity in environments where transformative learning goals are purposefully supported.
The Commission of Professors of Adult Education 2008 Standards as Evidenced in the Curricula of Doctoral Education in North America
Authors: Sonstrom Wendy Jean , Rachal John R. , Mohn Richard S.
Published: May 2012

In 2008, the Commission of Professors of Adult Education approved and published Standards for Graduate Programs in Adult Education, an update of the 1986 Standards. Using the program websites of the 37 North American programs ascertained to have doctoral programs in the field, this study evaluated all programs’ course descriptions for compliance with the nine “core topical areas” recommended for doctoral programs. Three evaluators (one new adult education PhD, one emeritus professor of adult education, and a professional evaluator and statistician with no background in adult education) found that collectively the 37 programs met 65.8% of standards by having courses which included the topical areas, with a 95.8% agreement among raters after discussion following independent assessments. All programs met at least two standards, but only two met all nine. Aggregate compliance data and implications for curricular review and development are presented.
Differences in proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production by bone cells seeded on titanium–nitride and cobalt–chromium–molybdenum surfaces
Authors: van Hove Ruud P , Nolte Peter A , Semeins Cornelis M , Klein-Nulend Jenneke
Published: May 2012

Titanium–nitride coating is used to improve cobalt–chromium–molybdenum implant survival in total knee arthroplasty, but its effect on osteoconduction is unknown. Chromium and cobalt ions negatively affect the growth and metabolism of cultured osteoblasts while enhancing osteoclastogenic cytokine production. Therefore, it was hypothesized that a titanium–nitride surface would enhance osteoblast proliferation and/or differentiation and reduce osteoclastogenic cytokine production compared with a cobalt–chromium–molybdenum surface. MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts showed increased proliferation and decreased differentiation on titanium–nitride, while cytokine interleukin-6 production was higher on porous cobalt–chromium–molybdenum ( p < 0.05), though interleukin-1β was occasionally detected on both surfaces. These findings suggest improved osteoconduction on titanium–nitride compared with cobalt–chromium–molybdenum surface.
Human Trafficking Is More Than Sex Trafficking and Prostitution
Authors: Alvarez Maria Beatriz , Alessi Edward J.
Published: May 2012

The human trafficking discussion has focused primarily on women and children who are trafficked for sexual exploitation. However, as social workers confront the issue, they require an understanding of the problem that also acknowledges individuals who are forced to work in other areas. This article critically examines the current discourse on human trafficking because the sole focus on women and children diverts attention from the study of trafficking within the context of globalization and the exploitation of labor. It analyzes the term human trafficking, particularly how it became linked to antiprostitution campaigns, and suggests guidelines for a framework that is grounded in social work values.
Stressors and Coping Strategies Used by Single Mothers Living in Poverty
Authors: Broussard C. Anne , Joseph Alfred L. , Thompson Marco
Published: May 2012

The voices of the poor are ignored in policy debates and in social work research, practice, and the development of interventions. This article reviews the literature on stress and coping for single mothers in the context of poverty and uses narrative interviews to capture the lived experiences of 12 women who raised their children alone. The results showed that these single mothers’ stress and coping experiences tend to reflect the findings of research except that the low-income women in the study relieved stress and empowered themselves through volunteer work with other low-income individuals. The implications for social work education and practice are discussed.
An Unknown Danielic Pseudepigraphon from an Armenian Fragment of Papias
Authors: Lourié Basil
Published: May 2012

In this article it is demonstrated that one of the Papias' quotes preserved in the Armenian version of the Commentary on Apocalypse by Andrew of Caesarea goes back to an otherwise unknown Danielic pseudepigraphon, which is the oldest known witness of a peculiar tradition where the Watchers are good angelic beings responsible for, together with Michael, the revelation of the Law to Moses.
A dual-loop position controller for the improved planar-switched reluctance motor
Authors: Pan JF , Zou Yu , Cao Guang-Zhong
Published: May 2012

In industry, a precise two-dimensional, high-precision motion control system is in high demand. Compared with other types of two-dimensional direct-drive machines available, the planar-switched reluctance motor has the advantages of low-cost, simple structure and it can operate in wide temperature ranges. Considering the machine structure of the planar-switched reluctance motor prototype, mechanical improvements are performed and a compact planar-switched reluctance motor has been constructed with more mechanical robustness. Since dynamic response errors for the planar-switched reluctance motor-based position control system under a typical proportional–differential controller increases with the frequency of position reference, a dual-loop position controller cascaded to the proportional–differential regulator is proposed. Both simulation analysis and experimental results verify the position controller’s effectiveness of reduced dynamic errors with increased frequency and precise tracking of reciprocating motion command.
Immobility, Battles, and the Journey of Feeling Alive
Authors: Fullagar Simone , O’Brien Wendy
Published: May 2012

Australian mental health services have responded to the problem of depression by adopting an early intervention and recovery orientation. Using qualitative research conducted in Australia with 80 women aged 20 to 75 years, we examine how participants invoked particular metaphors to construct meaning about the gendered experience of depression and recovery. We argue that women’s stories of recovery provide a rich source of interpretive material to consider the everyday metaphors of recovery beyond clinical notions and linear models of personal change. We identified key metaphors women drew on to articulate the struggle of self-transformation through depression and recovery: the immobilizing effect of depression, recovery as a battle to control depression, and recovery as a journey of self-knowledge. Our findings might be useful for mental health professionals in a range of clinical contexts to reflect on the power of language for shaping how women interpret their experiences of recovery from depression.
The Mock Trial
Authors: Farmer Kevin , Meisel Steven I. , Seltzer Joe , Kane Kathleen
Published: May 2012

The Mock Trial is an experiential exercise adapted from a law school process that encourages students to think critically about theories, topics, and the practice of management in an innovative classroom experience. Playing the role of attorneys and witnesses, learners ask questions and challenge assumptions by playing roles in a trial with testimony and cross-examination. Once a theory or topic has been chosen to be “put on trial,” one team of petitioners (challengers) and their witnesses make arguments to a jury. Another team acts as the respondents (defenders) for the opposing side and presents their case in a mock courtroom setting. The jury renders a verdict using a fishbowl format for their deliberations. Then feedback and classroom debriefing, which immediately follow the trial, and later reflection papers help solidify the learning experience. All materials required to create, run, and assess a Mock Trial are provided in this article.
Team Culture and Business Strategy Simulation Performance
Authors: Ritchie William J. , Fornaciari Charles J. , Drew Stephen A. W. , Marlin Dan
Published: May 2012

Many capstone strategic management courses use computer-based simulations as core pedagogical tools. Simulations are touted as assisting students in developing much-valued skills in strategy formation, implementation, and team management in the pursuit of superior strategic performance. However, despite their rich nature, little is known regarding the relationship between team-level attributes and simulation performance. This research reports the findings of a multiyear study that uncovered a clear link between specific team cultural values, as measured by the Competing Values Framework, and simulation performance. It then explores how these findings may influence the pedagogical use of simulations in the strategy classroom in areas ranging from using culture as a performance tool to diagnosis and training.
Continuum damage mechanics application in low-cycle thermal fatigue
Authors: Mashayekhi M , Taghipour A , Askari A , Farzin M
Published: May 2012

In this article, a fatigue model for low-cycle thermal fatigue formulated in a continuum damage mechanics framework is presented. The model is based on a unified damage law presented by Lemaitre for low-cycle fatigue, which has been extended to low-cycle thermal fatigue. The temperature dependencies of material parameters are considered in the damage evolution integration to take the non-isothermal condition of loading into account. This model considers the stress triaxiality and non-linearity of damage evolution, and it is developed to a fatigue damage accumulation rule in which the load sequence effect is also included. The stabilized structural response under thermomechanical loading motivates the use of uncoupled analysis approach making the model a fast tool suitable for design purposes in the costly and time-consuming field of thermomechanical fatigue life assessment. To demonstrate the capability and ease of use of this model for real industrial applications, the low-cycle thermal fatigue life of a stainless steel engine exhaust manifold which is in an early stage of design is assessed.
Tumoral Calcinosis—A Pathogenetic Overview
Authors: Slavin Richard E. , Wen Julie , Barmada Adam
Published: May 2012

Tumoral calcinosis occurs as a well-defined pathologic entity in 3 heterologous groups of diseases—hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis, normophosphatemic tumoral calcinosis, and secondary tumoral calcinosis. The histological lesion is stereotypic developing from the concurrence of a juxta-articular injury with an elevated calcium–phosphorus product. The reparative response to injury is histiocytic featuring synovial metaplasia forming bursa-like structures that create the characteristic compartmentalization of the lesion. Histiocytic-derived osteoclastogenesis occurs as a response to the calcifying process initiated in the mitochondria of necrotic histiocytes forming the bursa-like structures. These calcifications, propelled by a gamut of conditions elevating serum phosphorus, facilitate the further nucleation of hydroxyapatite in mitochondria, matrical lipidic debris located in the cytoplasm and lysosomes of osteoclasts and in the locular contents, and on collagen and other extracellular matrix materials. The lesions enlarge because of new locule formation and failure to reduce the calcified burden by the compartment lining histiocytes and dysmorphic osteoclasts that are unable to solubilize the hydroxyapatite. The histological landmarks of tumoral calcinosis may be lost when its development becomes quiescent. The classic calcifying classifications are inadequate for tumoral calcinosis requiring creation of a new category for this entity.
The Wide World of Sports Reporting
Authors: Mastro Dana , Seate Anita Atwell , Blecha Erin , Gallegos Monica
Published: May 2012

The present experiment examined the influence of gender- and race-based norms associated with different sports on evaluations of newspaper reporters. Insights from communication accommodation theory framed this investigation, which predicted that the gender and racial compositions of sports (i.e., female/male sport, predominately black/white athletes) and the gender/race of the reporter would interact in predicting evaluations of reporters (with existing gender and racial attitudes as covariates). Results generally supported these relationships. Female commentators were evaluated more favorably in the context of women’s sports. A comparable pattern emerged for race-based evaluations, although these results were somewhat less consistent.
Accelerating radio astronomy cross-correlation with graphics processing units
Authors: Clark M.A. , Plante PC La , Greenhill L.J.
Published: May 2012

We present a highly parallel implementation of the cross-correlation of time-series data using graphics processing units (GPUs), which is scalable to hundreds of independent inputs and suitable for the processing of signals from ‘large-[Formula: see text]’ arrays of many radio antennas. The computational part of the algorithm, the X-engine, is implemented efficiently on NVIDIA’s Fermi architecture, sustaining up to 79% of the peak single-precision floating-point throughput. We compare performance obtained for hardware- and software-managed caches, observing significantly better performance for the latter. The high performance reported involves use of a multi-level data tiling strategy in memory and use of a pipelined algorithm with simultaneous computation and transfer of data from host to device memory. The speed of code development, flexibility, and low cost of the GPU implementations compared with application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementations have the potential to greatly shorten the cycle of correlator development and deployment, for cases where some power-consumption penalty can be tolerated.
Optimizing the performance of streaming numerical kernels on the IBM Blue Gene/P PowerPC 450 processor
Authors: Malas Tareq , Ahmadia Aron J. , Brown Jed , Gunnels John A. , Keyes David E.
Published: May 2012

Several emerging petascale architectures use energy-efficient processors with vectorized computational units and in-order thread processing. On these architectures the sustained performance of streaming numerical kernels, ubiquitous in the solution of partial differential equations, represents a challenge despite the regularity of memory access. Sophisticated optimization techniques are required to fully utilize the CPU. We propose a new method for constructing streaming numerical kernels using a high-level assembly synthesis and optimization framework. We describe an implementation of this method in Python targeting the IBM® Blue Gene®/P supercomputer’s PowerPC® 450 core. This paper details the high-level design, construction, simulation, verification, and analysis of these kernels utilizing a subset of the CPU’s instruction set. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by implementing several three-dimensional stencil kernels over a variety of cached memory scenarios and analyzing the mechanically scheduled variants, including a 27-point stencil achieving a 1.7[Formula: see text] speedup over the best previously published results.