bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repetition velocity as a measure of loading intensity in the free weight and Smith machine Bulgarian split squat
Authors: Liao Kaifang , Bian Chao , Chen Zhili , Yuan Zhihang , Bishop Chris , Han Mengyuan , Li Yongming , Zheng Yong
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the grouped and individualized load-velocity profile (GLVP vs. ILVP) in Bulgarian split squat using Smith machine and free weight. Seventy five recreational male lifters completed two incremental loading tests of Bulgarian split squat. Mean velocity was measured by a linear-position transducer (GymAware). Linear regression equation was applied to construct the GLVP and ILVP. The agreement of predicted %1RM and measured %1RM was assessed by a combination of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CV), standard error of measurement (SEM) and Bland-Altman analysis. Acceptable validity was defined as ICC > 0.75, CV ≤ 10% and p ≥ 0.05 (a paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test). A very high level of inverse load-velocity relationships were demonstrated in Bulgarian split squat (r =  − 0.92) with free weights and a Smith machine. ILVP (ICC ≥ 0.98, CV ≤ 8.73%, p ≥ 0.56) was valid enough to predict the %1RM, but GLVP of both limbs revealed large CVs in free weights (CV: 15.4%,15.63%) and a Smith machine (CV: 11.24%, 12.25%). Cross-validation between the actual %1RM and predicted %1RM using free weights and a Smith machine ILVP was not acceptable (p ≤ 0.03, CV ≥ 14.07%). A very high level of inverse relationship were observed between %1RM and MV in Bulgarian split squat using free weights and a Smith machine, indicating individualized load velocity properties, and the ILVP showed high between-devices variability in both scenarios. Using velocity as a measure of loading intensity in Bulgarian split squat needs to consider the individualized load velocity properties, and difference between free weights and a Smith machine.
High anteromedial insertion reduced anteroposterior and rotational knee laxity on mid-term follow-up after anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Zhang Xiaohan , Qian Yi , Gao Feng , He Chen , Guo Sen , Gao Qi , Zhou Jingbin
Published: August 2023

Background

The position of the femoral insertion has a great influence on the laxity of the knee joint after ACLR, especially for rotational laxity.

Purpose

To compare the effects of different femoral tunnel positions on knee stability after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods

The clinical outcomes of 165 patients after autograft ACLR were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were separated into three groups according to the position of the femoral tunnel, as follows: low center (LC) group, 53 patients; high center (HC) group, 45 patients; and high anteromedial (HAM) group, 67 patients. The side-to-side differences (SSDs) in anteroposterior knee laxity measured using a KT-2000 arthrometer and the pivot shift test (PST) pre- and postoperatively were compared among the three groups and analyzed.

Results

After 5 years postoperatively, the SSD in the anteroposterior knee laxity in the three groups was significantly decreased postoperatively compared with preoperatively in knees; meanwhile, the negative PST rate was significantly increased in the three groups. The postoperative SSD in anteroposterior knee laxity was significantly increased in the HC group compared with the LC and HAM groups (1.5 ± 1.3 VS 1.0 ± 1.1 VS 1.0 ± 1.0,P<0.05). The negative postoperative PST rate was higher in both the LC and HAM groups than in the HC group (84.9% VS 91.0% VS 71.1%,P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the negative PST rate between the LC and HAM groups (84.9% VS 91.0%,P>0.05). The negative postoperative PST rate was significantly higher in the HAM group than in the LC and HC groups for patients with a high degree of laxity preoperatively (31.3% VS 3.3% VS 14.4%,P>0.05).

Conclusion

Patients in HAM group showed better control over anteroposterior laxity, rotational laxity, and subjective knee function compared to other groups post operation. Therefore, the HAM point is the closest to the I.D.E.A.L point concept, and is recommended as the preferred location for the femoral tunnel in ACLR.
Adoption of Improved Cotton Cultivation Practices among the Farmers in Sriganganagar District of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Jaipal  , Meena N. R. , Doharey R. K. , Rishi Soniya , Singh Smita
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted during the year 2022 in Padampur and Suratgarh blocks of Sriganganagar district of Rajasthan to study the extent of adoption of cotton growers on improved cotton cultivation practices. A sample size of 120 respondents was selected based on proportionate random sampling procedure. Personal interviews with the help of a structured schedule were taken for data collection The study revealed that majority of the respondents (58.34%) had medium level of adoption of improved cotton cultivation practices followed by 30% high and 11.66% low level of adoption of Cotton cultivation practices by the respondents. The study analyzed that high adoption found in time of sowing cotton with 89.30 MPS, and respondents had less adoption of seed treatment in cotton crop with 61.66 MPS.
Challenges Arising from Universal Free Basic Education, Eswatini
Authors: Dlamini  , Jedishkem Epilogue , Jedishkem Jesfaith
Published: August 2023

Aims: In Eswatini, assiduous efforts are made to make education accessible to all, disadvantaged inclusive. The study examined public primary school teacher challenges as a result of free basic education (FBE), identified its impact, and conceivable mitigation strategies.

Study Design: The empirical procedure adopted the qualitative and quantitative design approaches to give insightful factual outcomes that can be generalized. 

Place and Duration of Study: Randomly selected public primary schools from the four regions of Eswatini participated in the study during the 2020 to 2021 academic year.

Methodology: Population covered 30 teachers sampled under convenience and referral from 15 randomly selected schools. Data was collected by means of surveys.

Results: Teachers had a common opinion of the significance of FBE, it opened doors for children who would otherwise have missed a chance for education. Further findings indicated a plethora of problems since the introduction of FBE, such as shortages of teaching-learning facilities/resources, influx of learners, lack of attention to individual learner needs and trajectories, declined discipline, and deficient in teaching staff. Also, the deterioration of quality education due to automatic promotional policy.

Conclusion: Patterns of educational disadvantage must be tackled in Eswatini, visible drawbacks were shortage in facilities/materials needed for instruction, decline in discipline, difficile in attending to special needs learners in overcrowded classrooms, limiting productivity of schools, teachers, learners, and quality of education.  It is hoped that the findings would shed more light on FBE for multi-stakeholder collaborations that will bring about decisions and strategies to affect its success for productive educational goals.
Knowledge and Practice of Menstrual Hygiene among Female Students of Government Day Senior Secondary School (GDSSS) Tal, Billiri Local Government Area, Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Danjin Rose Mela , Moda Haruna M. , Danjin Mela , Doka Pauline J. S. , Kelechi-Ebisike Vivian , Kelechi J. Ebisike
Published: August 2023

This objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and common Menstrual Hygiene (MH) practices among female students at Government Day Secondary School (GDSS) Tal, Billiri Local Govt Area of Gombe State, Nigeria. A cross sectional descriptive study design was adopted for the study and a simple probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling technique was used to select a sample of 133 respondents out of a total of 194 female students aged 14 to 22 years, spread across all the three grades of senior secondary school students. A self-constructed 46-item instrument was used for data collection. The mean age at menarche (first menstrual period) for the girls was 14±1.24 years, and their average duration of menstrual flow was 3±1.04 days. A good majority (80.9%) of them exhibited either medium or higher level of knowledge of menstrual hygiene. This perhaps explains why majority (75.9%) of them used sanitary pad and 43.2% used new piece of cloth. Furthermore, majority (87.1%) of the girls were in the habit of changing pad/absorbent more than once in a day. Commendably, an overwhelming majority (90.8%) of them take bath two to three times a day, and 79.5% use soap and water for cleaning of their external genitalia, just as 66.4% of them impressively practice washing of their genitalia from front to back. Some of the factors that undermines menstrual hygiene as opined by the respondents include “No money to buy sanitary pad” (63.9%), “There is no privacy in school to change regularly” (60.0%), “Family only allows or affords use of tissue and cloth materials (34.6%) and “Religion forbids public places when menstruating (30.5%)”. Considering the above it is recommended that sustainable women and girlchild economic empowerment programmes and free school-based sanitary pad distribution interventions be deployed to the area of study.
Fast Food Consumption and Dental Caries among Teenagers
Authors: Hossain Md. Suman , Tuhin Ruhul Amin , Wahiduzzaman Md. , Begum Hosne Ara , Ahmed Anam
Published: August 2023

Background: Dental caries in teenagers is a significant public health concern. Fast food consumption among teenagers in Bangladesh is steadily increasing. The objectives of the study were to determine the association between fast food consumption and dental caries among teenagers.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2022. The calculated sample size was 345 teenagers from two secondary schools in Dhaka city. The convenience sampling technique was used to collect data through face-to-face interviews with a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. A checklist was also used to collect data through clinical examination of the oral cavity.  By double-checking, data were altered for quality control. Statistical software was used to analyze the data.

Results: Among 345 teenagers, the mean ± SD age was 14.88±1.17 years. The majority of the teenagers (53.6%) were female and Muslim (95%). Around 59.4% of the teenagers' fathers were business owners, while 37.4% were government employees. The majority of respondents (73.3%) ate breakfast before going to school and 52.2% took food from the school canteen. The majority (93.3%) ate at outside restaurants, with 90.4% eating fast food. 59.7% of people ate fast food at least once a week. Dental caries affected 36.8% of the teenager who ate fast food (p<0.05). A significant association was found between dental caries and the frequency of fast-food consumption. Among the respondents, 4.8% had dental caries who ate fast food daily (p<0.05).

Conclusion: To prevent dental caries, teenagers should avoid eating fast food and snacks between meals and brush their teeth on a regular basis.
Effect of Seaweed Extract Application Rate and Method on Growth, Flowering and Yield of Pansy (Viola x wittrockiana)
Authors: Jena Debajyoti , Topno Samir E.
Published: August 2023

Pansies, part of the Viola genus, are vibrant flowers with velvety petals and a distinct center blotch. They are popular as ornamental plants due to their colorful appearance. Seaweed extract, derived from various types of seaweed or marine algae, is utilized in agriculture, gardening, and skincare. Seaweed is nutrient-rich, containing essential macro and micronutrients, making seaweed extract a valuable natural fertilizer to enhance plant growth and health. Therefore, present investigation was carried during the Winter-2022-23 with a view to determine the effect of seaweed extract application on pansy variety Majestic Giant Mix for its growth, flowering, yield. The study was examined using completely randomized block design. From the present investigation, it is concluded that treatment T4 i.e., application of Sea weed extract @ 4ml/l as drench application found superior in terms of plant height (16.00 cm), plant spread (17.56), number of branches per plant (28.81), days taken for first flower opening (30.00), days taken for 50% flowering (58.33), stalk length (8.60 cm), flower diameter (7.83) number of leaves (43.33), number of flowers per plant (38.88) and seed yield per plant (3.00g).
Spatial Yield Assessment of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor) Using DSSAT – CERES –Sorghum Model in Solapur, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Raj H. Chandrakant , Boomiraj K. , Pazhanivelan S. , Moorthy N. K. Sathya , Prasanthrajan M.
Published: August 2023

Accurate estimation of crop yield is crucial for ensuring food security and effective policy making. This study focuses on the estimation of sorghum yield in the Solapur region of Maharashtra (India), employing the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model. Sorghum is the fifth largely produced staple crop of the world which also plays a vital role in the food security produced by India. Maharashtra has the largest area under sorghum crop, and Solapur has the most area under rabi sorghum with an area of 4.6 lakh ha, accounting for 23% of the total area under rabi sorghum in the state. Although productivity is lower in Maharashtra than in other states, these studies will help us to get a preharvest estimate of the crop.  Crop Cutting Experiments(CCE) were conducted for rabi sorghum and the model was validated for the simulated yields; which have a range of grain yield from 611 to 1525 kgs ha-1 and showed error with less than 14% and it was evaluated with statistical models such R2, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) and results show as 84%, 0.84 and 0.07. This model can be used further used for the yield gap analysis, and climate change studies for the locations.
Risk Attitude of Farmers in the Climate Extreme Region of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Naik P. Bhargav , Vidhyavathi A. , Rani S. Padma , Vasanthi R. , Rani A. Janaki
Published: August 2023

Aim: The objective of the current study was to assess the risk attitude of both insured and non-insured farmers and identify the factors influencing the risk attitude of insured and non-insured farmers.

Study Area and Design: An ex-post-facto study was conducted, and the stratified random sampling method was used to collect the data at selected villages in Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh.

Methodology: A sample of 150 farmers of chilli and cotton was collected (90 insured and 60 non-insured). Data regarding the agriculture year 2021-22 was analysed using Moscardi and de Janvry approach. The socioeconomic, institutional and farm characteristics were analysed by using discriminant analysis to identify the factors influencing farmers’ risk attitudes.

Results: The present study results showed that the majority of the farmers are risk neutral. In the case of risk preferers insured farmers are more compared to non-insured farmers. Insured chilli farmers more than non-insured chilli farmers in case of risk-averse but, it is the reverse in the case of cotton farmers. Occupation, constraints in getting credit facility, membership of the association, the proportion of crop income to the total farm income and family size of insured chilli farmers and family size, education level membership of the association, constraints in getting credit facility, the proportion of crop income to total farm income of non-insured chilli farmers are significant. Variables like age, occupation, farming experience, constraints in getting credit facility and age, occupation, education level, and farming experience of insured and non-insured cotton farmers were found to be significant.   

Conclusion: The majority of the farmers (both insured and non-insured) are risk neutral.
Assessment of Soil Microbial Status under Different Land Use System at Various Depth
Authors: Pandey Prabhat Ranjan , Singh Satvaan , Dubey Sauhard , Kumar Suneel , Singh Vikas , Mishra Hariom , Pathak Devesh , Pal Raisen , Tiwari Himanshu
Published: August 2023

The present study was undertaken to assessment of soil microbial status under different land use system at various depth of main campus of University at Acharya Narendra, Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) during 2018-2019.

The land use systems selected for study were rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS), legume based cropping system (LBCS), and vegetable based cropping system (VBCS). Plantation land (mango, aonla and bael orchard), forest land (shisham, teak and eucalyptus) and barren land (NSP-6 farm). Soil samples were taken with GPS system from four depths viz. 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60cm in order to analyze microbial population (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes). The bacterial population (cfu × 105 g-1) under all the four land use viz. crop land, plantation land, forest land and barren land was decreased with increasing soil depth, which ranged from 2.76 to 4.95 cfu × 105 g-1 soil. The average bacterial population values were higher in forest land followed by plantation land, crop land and barren land. The fungi population (cfu × 103 g-1) under all the four land use viz. crop land, plantation land, forest land and barren land was, also, decreased with increasing soil depth at all land use system and ranged from 0.85 to 1.77 cfu × 103 g-1 soil. The average fungi population values were higher in forest land followed by crop land, plantation land and barren land. The actinomycetes population (cfu × 104 g-1) under all the four land use viz. crop land, plantation land, forest land and barren land was decreased with increasing soil depth at all land use system. The population varied from 0.57 to 1.02 cfu × 104 g-1 soil. The average actinomycetes population values were higher in forest land followed by plantation land, crop land and barren land.
Effect of Different Concentrations of Liquid N, P& K on Growth, Yield and Quality of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Vertical Hydroponics under Shade Net
Authors: Raj Aditi , Bhadur Vijay , Topno Samir Ebson
Published: August 2023

The experiment was carried out to find out the effect of different concentrations of liquid NPK on growth, yield and quality of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The variety was “Ankita”, which is F1 hybrid. The experiment was carried out during September, 2021 to December, 2021 in Shade net, Research Field, Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (RBD), with eight treatments T1(16.25ml NPK & micronutrients/Pl in total), T2(18.75ml NPK & micronutrients/Pl in total), T3(21.25ml NPK & micronutrients/Pl in total) T4(23.75ml NPK & micronutrients/Pl in total) T5(26.25ml NPK & micronutrients/Pl in total) T6(28.75ml NPK & micronutrients/Pl in total) T7(31.25ml NPK & micronutrients/Pl in total) with a control (T0), replicated thrice in vertical hydroponics system. The NPK level increased by 5ml on every 15 days interval.  The best result was shown by the treatment T5(26.25ml NPK & micronutrients/Pl in total). The first fruit setting, picking, vine length, number of leaves, growth of plant, chlorophyll content all parameter were superior in T5. The plants in control did not show any significant improvement as there were no nutrients given to them. The systems ran four hours daily during their vegetative growth and the timing was increased to six hours during their reproductive phase of development. Fruit formation occurs in almost all plants in each and every treatment except control there was no fruit formation.
Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)
Authors: Singh Raman , Deepanshu
Published: August 2023

The present investigation was carried out with title ‘Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)’ at the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh during Rabi in 2022-23 with a view to identify the effects of different doses of organic and inorganic fertilizers and its role in growth, yield and quality of Broccoli variety Pusa KTS-1. The experiment was laid in Randomized block design with 15 treatments including control and 3 replications with different combinations of plant growth regulators. Under this experiment, overall, 15 treatments were taken including RDF (100 Kg N+80 Kg P+60 Kg K) + FYM @ 25 t . Different Organic and inorganic fertilizers were used comprised of Nitrogen, FYM, Vermicompost and Poultry manure, at different doses. According to the current research, the use of Nitrogen and various organic fertilizers had a significant positive impact on the growth and development of Broccoli. Among the various treatments that were evaluated, T7 (60% N + 13.3% FYM + 13.3% Vermicompost + 13.3% PoultryManure) best in terms of plant height (70.73 cm), number of leaves (17.27), Leaf area (33.87 cm2), days to first curd initiation (55.63 DAT), days to horticultural maturity (68.63 DAT), curd diameter (17.67 cm), curd weight (341.5g), curd yield per plot (3.07Kg), curd yield per hectare (12.64 t), TSS (11.20Brix) and ascorbic acid (105.13mg/100g).
Effect of Different Phosphorus Sources on Soil Physico-Chemical Property Dynamics under Chickpea Crop
Authors: Meena Deshraj , Meena Ram Hari , Jain Devendra , Kumar Tushar , Meena Ajit Kumar , Khardia Neha , Chundawat Dashrath Singh
Published: August 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2021-2022 to study the effect of rock phosphate (RP), poultry manure (PM) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on soil properties. The experiment was laid out in three replications with 9 treatments in Randomized Block design (RBD). Results revealed that the combined application of 50% P through RP + 50% P through PM + PSB (T9) significantly decrease the bulk density but, higher soil porosity was observed with application of 100% P through PM (T5) and 100% P through PM + PSB (T8) were at par. Whereas, improved in soil pH and organic carbon were reported with the application of T8. Also, the maximum available nitrogen (294.95 kg ha-1) was acquired under T8. However, the highest available phosphorus, potassium and available Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn content in soil were observed with T9. Similarly, higher PSB population and acid phosphatase activity was recorded with application of T9. Dehydrogenase activity was observed to be higher underT8 at harvest of chickpea crop. It was concluded that application of phosphate, poultry manure and phosphate solubilizing bacteria improve the soil properties.
Evaluation of Antiparkinson Activity of Vitamin C, Tizanidine and Pregabalin against Haloperidol Induced Parkinsonism in Rats
Authors: Patil Pooja , Chaware Vitthal , Thorat Ashish , Redasani Vivekkumar
Published: August 2023

The present study deals with the antiparkinson effect of Levodopa/carbidopa, Vitamin C, Tizanidine, Pregabalin on haloperidol (1 mg/kg i.p) induced Parkinsonism in rats. Neural degeneration was induced in animals (Group II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII) by i.p. administration of haloperidol at 1mg/kg. Positive control (Group-III) treated by levodopa/carbidopa  (125 mg/kg p.o.), Test 1 (Group -IV) treated by vitamin C (120mg/kg p.o.), Test 2 (Group-V) treated by Tizanidine  (0.3 mg/kg i.p.), Test 3 (Group -VI) treated by Pregabalin  (30 mg/kg p.o.), Test 4 (Group-VII) treated by Vitamin C(120 mg/kg p.o.) and  Tizanidine (0.3 mg/kg i.p.) and Test 5 (Group-VIII) treated by Vitamin C(120 mg/kg p.o.) and  Pregabalin (30mg/kg p.o) daily were given before 30 min of haloperidol challenged for 14 days. Behavioural parameters were recorded on day 14 for high bar test, actophotometer test, rotarod test. MDA level and Dopamine level were also recorded. Test 4 (Group- VII) showed more significant reduction in cataleptic score. In actophotometer, Test 4 (Group-VII) showed significant increase in locomotor activity. In rotarod test, Test 2 (Group-V) and test 4 (Group-VII) showed more significant increase motor coordination activity. Levodopa/Carbidopa showed more significant increase in dopamine level and significantly abolished cataleptic score. Vitamin C showed more significant decrease in MDA level. It can be concluded that the tizanidine and pregabalin may possess antiparkinsonian activity. Vitamin C and tizanidine may possess synergestic effect. These results showed that tizanidine and pregabalin may be used to improve catalepsy in Parkinson disease.
Practice and Perception of Traditional Medicine Practitioners towards Challenges Facing Traditional Medicine Practice in Nigeria: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ibrahim Jemilat Aliyu , Gegele Ibrahim Babatunde , Hamzat Omotayo Tirmidhi , Egharevba Henry Omoregie , Jegede Adeola Ibikunle , Kunle Oluyemisi Folashade , Adigwe Obi Peter
Published: August 2023

Aim: This study explores and documents obstacles faced by Traditional Medicine Practitioners (TMPs) in Nigeria. Traditional Medicine (TM) plays a vital role in the healthcare systems of low- and middle-income countries, yet it encounters numerous challenges.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Nigeria by the Department of Medicinal Plant Research and Traditional Medicine, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Idu – Abuja, Nigeria between December 2021 and January 2022.

Methodology: A survey was conducted among Nigerian TMPs using a semi-structured questionnaire to gain insights into their challenges and potential solutions. TMPs were recruited nationwide using purposive and convenient sampling, and descriptive statistics were used to present data gathered.

Results: The majority of TMP respondents (67%) were male, with 48% holding graduate degrees and 11% having doctorates. Regarding practice, 87% of TMPs maintain patient records, and 88% keep medicinal recipe records. Most TMPs (81%) engage in general practice alongside other forms. Collaboration willingness was expressed by 89% towards fellow practitioners, 95% towards research institutes, and 89% towards individual researchers. Challenges identified by TMPs include a lack of cooperation from orthodox doctors (25%), absence of standardized products (19%), inadequate policies (19%), and disorganization among TMPs (15%). Product registration revealed that 81% of TMPs had unregistered products, with 49% citing high registration costs and 21% lacking knowledge about the process. Specific challenges mentioned were insufficient financial resources (48%) and a need for training (30%).

Conclusion: It is crucial for stakeholders to collaborate and review policies to address the highlighted challenges and gaps as found in this study.
In silico Molecular Docking Study of Isatin and Acetophenone Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agent
Authors: Yamini  , Dahiya Dev Prakash , Kumari Chinu , Soni Abhishek , Meena
Published: August 2023

The heterocyclic molecule isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) and its derivatives form a significant family of chemicals that can be employed as building blocks for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. In the computational method known as docking, different software tools produce different positions at which ligands attach to their receptors. With the help of the Molegro virtual docker software (Version 6.0) and the PDB 3ACX, the present study attempts to perform a high-throughput in silico screening of 27 developed isatin and acetophenone-based derivatives. The docking results showed mol dock scores of -103.345 and one hydrogen bond interaction for the standard drug Ampicillin, on the other hand, the isatin and acetophenone-based derivatives YDA 27, YDA 26, YDA 25, YDA 17 and YDA 7 exhibited excellent mol dock scores and docking scores ranging from -104.23 to -121.126. Apart from the mol dock score, most of the studied compounds observed excellent hydrogen bonding with amino acids of PDB. Compound YDA 27, YDA 26, YDA 25, YDA 17 and YDA 7 showed 3 to 7 hydrogen bond interactions, however, the standard drug Ampicillin showed H-bond interaction with 1 amino acid Val 133 and Val 137. The results of the present study confirmed the significant antimicrobial potential of some designed isatin and acetophenone-based derivatives based on their mol dock values and other parameters when studied in silico, and the data obtained will give data that supports and provides perspectives in future research to develop an effective antimicrobial agent from these derivatives.
Consensus Practice Guidelines on Postdural Puncture Headache From a Multisociety, International Working Group
Authors: Uppal Vishal , Russell Robin , Sondekoppam Rakesh , Ansari Jessica , Baber Zafeer , Chen Yian , DelPizzo Kathryn , Dîrzu Dan Sebastian , Kalagara Hari , Kissoon Narayan R. , Kranz Peter G. , Leffert Lisa , Lim Grace , Lobo Clara A. , Lucas Dominique Nuala , Moka Eleni , Rodriguez Stephen E. , Sehmbi Herman , Vallejo Manuel C. , Volk Thomas , Narouze Samer
Published: August 2023

Importance

Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) can follow unintentional dural puncture during epidural techniques or intentional dural puncture during neuraxial procedures, such as a lumbar puncture or spinal anesthesia. Evidence-based guidance on the prevention, diagnosis, and management of this condition is, however, currently lacking.

Objective

To fill the practice guidelines void and provide comprehensive information and patient-centric recommendations for preventing, diagnosing, and managing PDPH.

Evidence Review

With input from committee members and stakeholders of 6 participating professional societies, 10 review questions that were deemed important for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of PDPH were developed. A literature search for each question was performed in MEDLINE on March 2, 2022. Additional relevant clinical trials, systematic reviews, and research studies published through March 2022 were also considered for practice guideline development and shared with collaborator groups. Each group submitted a structured narrative review along with recommendations that were rated according to the US Preventive Services Task Force grading of evidence. Collaborators were asked to vote anonymously on each recommendation using 2 rounds of a modified Delphi approach.

Findings

After 2 rounds of electronic voting by a 21-member multidisciplinary collaborator team, 47 recommendations were generated to provide guidance on the risk factors for and the prevention, diagnosis, and management of PDPH, along with ratings for the strength and certainty of evidence. A 90% to 100% consensus was obtained for almost all recommendations. Several recommendations were rated as having moderate to low certainty. Opportunities for future research were identified.

Conclusions and Relevance

Results of this consensus statement suggest that current approaches to the treatment and management of PDPH are not uniform due to the paucity of evidence. The practice guidelines, however, provide a framework for individual clinicians to assess PDPH risk, confirm the diagnosis, and adopt a systematic approach to its management.
Bone Regeneration in a Large Animal Model Featuring a Modular Off‐the‐Shelf Soft Callus Mimetic
Authors: de Silva Leanne , Longoni Alessia , Staubli Flurina , Nurmohamed Silke , Duits Anneli , Rosenberg Antoine J. W. P. , Gawlitta Debby
Published: August 2023

Implantation of engineered cartilage with soft callus features triggers remodeling to bone tissue via endochondral bone regeneration (EBR). Thus far, EBR has not progressed to the level of large animals on the axis of clinical translation. Herein, the feasibility of EBR is aimed for a critical‐sized defect in a large animal model. Chondrogenesis is first induced in goat‐derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) by fine‐tuning the cellular differentiation process. Through a unique devitalization process, two off‐the‐shelf constructs aimed to recapitulate the different stages of the transient cartilaginous soft callus template in EBR are generated. To evaluate bone regeneration, the materials are implanted in an adapted bilateral iliac crest defect model in goats, featuring a novel titanium star‐shaped spacer. After 3 months, the group at the more advanced differentiation stage shows remarkable regenerative capacity, with comparable amounts of bone regeneration as the autograft group. In contrast, while the biomaterial mimicking the earlier stages of chondrogenesis shows improved regeneration compared to the negative controls, this is subpar compared to the more advanced material. Concluding, EBR is attainable in large animals with a soft callus mimetic material that leads to fast conversion into centimeter‐scale bone, which prospects successful implementation in the human clinics.
Peroxidation and Skeletal Rearrangement for the Synthesis of Dioxole‐2‐Carboxamide Derivatives under Continuous‐Flow Conditions
Authors: Ubale Akash S. , Shaikh Moseen A. , Mohanta Nirmala , Gnanaprakasam Boopathy
Published: August 2023

Herein, we report peroxidative dearomatization of 2‐naphthol and C−H peroxidation of 3‐arylbenzofuran‐2‐ones with 66–94% yield under catalyst‐free conditions using continuous flow module. Besides, an approach for the synthesis of N‐substituted‐2‐phenylbenzo[d][1,3]dioxole‐2‐carboxamide has been achieved via the skeletal rearrangement of peroxybenzofuranone using amines in the absence of catalyst under continuous flow. The mechanistic study suggests that this peroxidation reaction proceeds via free radical formation under thermolytic conditions.
Triple‐function Hydrated Eutectic Electrolyte for Enhanced Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Zhong Yunpeng , Xie Xuesong , Zeng Zhiyuan , Lu Bingan , Chen Gen , Zhou Jiang
Published: August 2023

Aqueous rechargeable zinc‐ion batteries (ARZBs) are impeded by the mutual problems of unstable cathode, electrolyte parasitic reactions, and dendritic growth of zinc (Zn) anode. Herein, a triple‐functional strategy by introducing the tetramethylene sulfone (TMS) to form a hydrated eutectic electrolyte is reported to ameliorate these issues. The activity of H2O is inhibited by reconstructing hydrogen bonds due to the strong interaction between TMS and H2O. Meanwhile, the preferentially adsorbed TMS on the Zn surface increases the thickness of double electric layer (EDL) structure, which provides a shielding buffer layer to suppress dendrite growth. Interestingly, TMS modulates the primary solvation shell of Zn2+ ultimately to achieve a novel solvent co‐intercalation ((Zn‐TMS)2+) mechanism, and the intercalated TMS works as a “pillar” that provides more zincophilic sites and stabilizes the structure of cathode (NH4V4O10, (NVO)). Consequently, the Zn||NVO battery exhibits a remarkably high specific capacity of 515.6 mAh g−1 at a low current density of 0.2 A g−1 for over 40 days. This multi‐functional electrolytes and solvent co‐intercalation mechanism will significantly propel the practical development of aqueous batteries.
Defect Rich Structure Activated 3D Palladium Catalyst for Methanol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Zhang Xueting , Hui Lan , Yan Dengxin , Li Jinze , Chen Xi , Wu Han , Li Yuliang
Published: August 2023

Controlling the structure and properties of catalysts through atomic arrangement is the source of producing a new generation of advanced catalysts. A highly active and stable catalyst in catalytic reactions strongly depends on an ideal arrangement structure of metal atoms. We demonstrated that the introduction of the defect‐rich structures, low coordination number (CN), and tensile strain in three‐dimensional (3D) urchin‐like palladium nanoparticles through chlorine bonded with sp‐C in graphdiyne (Pd‐UNs/Cl‐GDY) can regulate the arrangement of metal atoms in the palladium nanoparticles to form a special structure. In situ Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and theoretical calculation results show that Pd‐UNs/Cl‐GDY catalyst is beneficial to the oxidation and removal of CO intermediates. The Pd‐UNs/Cl‐GDY for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) that display high current density (363.6 mA cm−2) and mass activity (3.6 A mgPd−1), 12.0 and 10.9 times higher than Pd nanoparticles, respectively. The Pd‐UNs/Cl‐GDY catalyst also exhibited robust stability with still retained 95 % activity after 2000 cycles. A defects libraries of the face‐centered cubic and hexagonal close‐packed crystal catalysts (FH‐NPs) were synthesized by introducing chlorine in graphdiyne. Such defect‐rich structures, low CN, and tensile strain tailoring methods have opened up a new way for the catalytic reaction of MOR.
Unlocking the Transition of Electrochemical Water Oxidation Mechanism Induced by Heteroatom Doping
Authors: Li Xuan , Deng Chen , Kong Yan , Huo Qihua , Mi Lingren , Sun Jianju , Cao Jianyong , Shao Jiaxin , Chen Xinbao , Zhou Weiliang , Lv Miaoyuan , Chai Xiaoyan , Yang Hengpan , Hu Qi , He Chuanxin
Published: August 2023

Heteroatom doping has emerged as a highly effective strategy to enhance the activity of metal‐based electrocatalysts toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It is widely accepted that the doping does not switch the OER mechanism from the adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) to the lattice‐oxygen‐mediated mechanism (LOM), and the enhanced activity is attributed to the optimized binding energies toward oxygen intermediates. However, this seems inconsistent with the fact that the overpotential of doped OER electrocatalysts (<300 mV) is considerably smaller than the limit of AEM (>370 mV). To determine the origin of this inconsistency, we select phosphorus (P)‐doped nickel‐iron mixed oxides as the model electrocatalysts and observe that the doping enhances the covalency of the metal‐oxygen bonds to drive the OER pathway transition from the AEM to the LOM, thereby breaking the adsorption linear relation between *OH and *OOH in the AEM. Consequently, the obtained P‐doped oxides display a small overpotential of 237 mV at 10 mA cm−2. Beyond P, the similar pathway transition is also observed on the sulfur doping. These findings offer new insights into the substantially enhanced OER activity originating from heteroatom doping.
Study on the hydraulic classification characteristics of micron‐sized silica particles
Authors: Zhang Yaheng , Tang Zhiyong
Published: August 2023

The present study investigates the motion characteristics of micron‐sized silica particles and how solid–water interaction regulates hydraulic classification. Two methods were evaluated for classifying micron‐sized silica particles. Using the small‐diameter cyclone for hydraulic classification of micron‐sized silica particles resulted in poor separation due to the short residence time of particles in the cyclone. Particle settling in still water showed that settling velocity, drag force, and virtual mass force increased with particle size, providing a basis for size classification. In the particle sedimentation process, drag force and gravity were dominant, with drag force reaching equilibrium with gravity in a fast time. The upward water flow was introduced to classify silica particles, with its superficial velocity between the settling terminal velocities of large and small particles, allowing large and small particles to flow to the overflow and underflow, respectively. The upward flow velocity was higher near the center of the flow field and lower near the wall, leading to a parabolic distribution pattern of the particle group along the radial position. In hydraulic sedimentation classification experiments of silica particles, the average particle size of the overflow sample was lower than that of the feed, and its size range was narrower, indicating the feasibility of hindered sedimentation by upward flow for classifying micron‐sized silica particles.
Preparation, characterization and wound‐healing effect of PEGylated nanoliposomes loaded with oleuropein
Authors: Alquraishi Rand , Al‐samydai Ali , Al Azzam Khaldun M. , Alqaraleh Moath , Al‐Halaseh Lidia , Sanabrah Alaa , Abu Hajleh Maha N. , Al Khatib Arwa , Alsaher Walhan , Negim El‐Sayed , Khleifat Khaled
Published: August 2023

Chronic wounds have become a major concern for healthcare systems, as they have been related to diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers and pressure ulcers. Oleuropein is an active compound that is extracted from olive leaves and it has the ability to reduce injury to tissues owing to its antioxidant effect, hence improving wound healing. The poor pharmacokinetics of oleuropein have limited its use clinically. This work is aimed toward studying the impact of PEGylated and non‐PEGylated nanoliposomes loaded with oleuropein, as a carrier model, on wound‐healing activity. The thin film hydration method was used to compose PEGylated and non‐PEGylated liposomes, both loaded with oleuropein. The results indicated that each free, PEGylated and non‐PEGylated composition was within the limit of optimum nanoliposome characterization. The results showed that non‐PEGylated compositions produced higher efficiency in encapsulation (47.09 ± 10.06%) than the PEGylated ones (20.97 ± 10.52%). The PEG‐nanoliposomes loaded with oleuropein (PEG‐oleu) had mean size, charge and polydispersity index of 129.35 nm, −9.55 mV and 0.1010, respectively. The scratch assay results proved that PEGylated liposomal compositions have a more rapid wound‐healing activity than non‐PEGylated ones at different time intervals at 0, 2, 24 and 28 h.
Can CEO environmental awareness promote new product development performance? Empirical research on Chinese manufacturing firms
Authors: Tang Jiawang , Liu Along , Gu Jibao , Liu Hefu
Published: August 2023

Despite the growing interest in the role of chief executive officers' (CEOs') environmental awareness in enhancing performance, its impact on new product development (NPD) performance, as well as the underlying mechanisms and contextual bounds of the impact, remains unexplored. Based on upper echelons theory, we suggest that CEO environmental awareness promotes NPD performance through corporate environmental practice. We further theorize that the role of CEO environmental awareness is contingent on environmental institutional pressure. To validate the model, we collected survey data from 534 senior executives of 178 manufacturing firms in China. The main results show that corporate environmental practice completely mediates the relationship between CEO environmental awareness and NPD performance. The relationship is positively moderated by environmental normative pressure, whereas environmental regulatory pressure negatively moderates this process. Theoretical and practical implications of how to leverage CEO environmental awareness and environmental institutional pressure to boost NPD performance are discussed.
Gated Photochromism of Dithienylethene‐Embedded Expanded Calixphyrins
Authors: Zhang Fenni , Rao Yutao , Zhou Mingbo , Xu Ling , Osuka Atsuhiro , Song Jianxin
Published: August 2023

Dithienylethene (DTE)‐embedded expanded porphyrins were synthesized and confirmed to be photochemically inactive due to the lowest excited state of the expanded porphyrins. On the other hand, DTE‐embedded expanded calixphyrins exhibited reversible photochromism upon UV‐irradiation to form colored closed forms, which reverted to colorless open forms upon red‐light irradiation. The closed forms were oxidized with DDQ or the air to lock the recorded information by converting to photochemically inactive expanded porphyrins. This was unlocked by reduction with NaBH4 to restore expanded calixphyrins with photochromism activity. These gated photochromic behaviors were demonstrated in PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) film.
CO2 Hydrogenation to Gasoline and Aromatics: Mechanistic and Predictive Insights from DFT, DRIFTS and Machine Learning
Authors: Ojelade Opeyemi A.
Published: August 2023

The emission of CO2 from fossil fuels is the largest driver of global climate change. To realize the target of a carbon‐neutrality by 2050, CO2 capture and utilization is crucial. The efficient conversion of CO2 to C5+ gasoline and aromatics remains elusive mainly due to CO2 thermodynamic stability and the high energy barrier of the C−C coupling step. Herein, advances in mechanistic understanding via Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS), density functional theory (DFT), and microkinetic modeling are discussed. It further emphasizes the power of machine learning (ML) to accelerate the search for optimal catalysts. A significant effort has been invested into this field of research with volumes of experimental and characterization data, this study discusses how they can be used as input features for machine learning prediction in a bid to better understand catalytic properties capable of accelerating breakthroughs in the process.
Diagnosis and management of patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: Role of multimodality cardiac imaging. A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Moura Brenda , Aimo Alberto , Al‐Mohammad Abdallah , Keramida Kalliopi , Ben Gal Tuvia , Dorbala Sharmila , Todiere Giancarlo , Cameli Matteo , Barison Andrea , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan , Bucciarelli‐Ducci Chiara , Delgado Victoria , Mordi Ify R. , Seferovic Petar , Savarese Gianluigi , Čelutkienė Jelena , Rapezzi Claudio , Emdin Michele , Coats Andrew , Metra Marco , Rosano Giuseppe
Published: August 2023

Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy consists in an increased LV wall thickness. LV hypertrophy can be either secondary, in response to pressure or volume overload, or primary, i.e. not explained solely by abnormal loading conditions. Primary LV hypertrophy may be due to gene mutations or to the deposition or storage of abnormal substances in the extracellular spaces or within the cardiomyocytes (more appropriately defined as pseudohypertrophy). LV hypertrophy is often a precursor to subsequent development of heart failure. Cardiovascular imaging plays a key role in the assessment of LV hypertrophy. Echocardiography, the first‐line imaging technique, allows a comprehensive assessment of LV systolic and diastolic function. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance provides added value as it measures accurately LV and right ventricular volumes and mass and characterizes myocardial tissue properties, which may provide important clues to the final diagnosis. Additionally, scintigraphy with bone tracers is included in the diagnostic algorithm of cardiac amyloidosis. Once the diagnosis is established, imaging findings may help predict future disease evolution and inform therapy and follow‐up. This consensus document by the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology provides an overview of the role of different cardiac imaging techniques for the differential diagnosis and management of patients with LV hypertrophy.