bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penguatan Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka melalui Pelatihan Kompetensi Pedagogik Berbasis Digital pada Guru SDN 1 Penyaring
Authors: Nurhairunnisah Nurhairunnisah , Nurjumiati Nurjumiati , Suryani Erma
Published: January 2025

Kegiatan program Pemberdayaan Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra yaitu pemahaman guru mengenai kurikulum merdeka baik dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan maupun evaluasi masih sangat minim atau yang disebut dengan kemampuan pedagogik. Oleh karena itu Tim PKM memberikan penguatan melalui osialisasi, pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada kelompok guru tentang bagaimana implementasi kurikulum merdeka melalui pelatihan kompetensi pedagogik guru berbasis digital. Kegiatan PKM ini dilaksanakan 3 tahap yaitu tahap persiapan, tahap pelaksanaan dan tahap evaluasi. Tingkat pemahaman guru diukur dari hasil nilai pretest dan postest engan menggunakan uji N-Gain. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa besar nilai N-Gain yaitu 0,66 yang terletak pada kategori sedang, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan pemahaman kelompok guru SDN 1 Penyaring mengenai implementasi kurikulum merdeka dan asesmen pembelajaran meningkat dengan kategori sedang.  Tingkat antusias guru memenuhi indikator antusias yaitu sebesar 89% kategori tinggi yang artinya guru sangat antusias dalam mengikuti, menyimak dan memberikan tanggapan baik berupa pertanyaan atau menjawab perrtanyaa selama proses pelatihan dan pendampingan. Selama pelatihan dan pendampingan kehadiran seluruh guru berjumlah 10 guru mengikuti pelatihan dari pertemuan pertama sampai pertemuan terakhir.
МОРАЛЬНО-НРАВСТВЕННАЯ ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА РОМАНА В. МАКАНИНА «АСАН»
Authors: Бешукова Ф.Б. , Шишхова Н.М.
Published: January 2025

Анализируется морально-нравственная проблематика романа В. Маканина «Асан», систематизируются ключевые темы и мотивы произведения, рассматриваются аллюзии к русской классике. Обосновывается позиция В. Маканина, который выступает против войны, разрушающей человеческую личность. Выявляется морально-нравственная проблематика, раскрывающаяся в романе через показ трансформаций, происходящих в душе главного героя майора Жилина под влиянием бесчеловечной жестокости войны, в которой тот участвует. Показ войны в романе «Асан» рассматривается как абсурдистское действо, которое отражается через текст – свободное использование сниженной и вульгарной лексики, приемы потока сознания и монтажа, алогичное развитие повествования и др. Отмечается, что автор не ставит целью показ военных событий, а делает их фоном для раскрытия основной темы.
КАВКАЗСКИЙ МИР В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ М. Ю. ЛЕРМОНТОВА
Authors: Зеленская К.А. , Ашинова Ю.А.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются ключевые аспекты изображения Кавказа в творчестве М. Ю. Лермонтова, взаимодействие русского и кавказского миров. Анализируются произведения поэта, в которых отражены широкие культурные и исторические процессы, происходившие в России XIX века. Подчеркивается, что поэт сам формирует образ кавказского мира, являясь не просто наблюдателем, а активным участником сложного культурного диалога русского и кавказского народов. Показана культурно-историческая обусловленность его образной системы и идей. Раскрываются мировоззренческие идеи кавказского мира в творчестве Лермонтова.

The article examines the key aspects of the depiction of the Caucasus in the works of M. Yu. Lermontov, the interaction between the Russian and Caucasian worlds. The poet's works reflecting the broad cultural and historical processes that took place in Russia in the 19th century are analyzed. It is emphasized that the poet himself forms the image of the Caucasian world, being not just an observer, but an active participant in the complex cultural dialogue between the Russian and Caucasian peoples. The cultural and historical conditionality of his system of images and ideas is shown. The worldview ideas of the Caucasian world in Lermontov's work are revealed.
ЖАНРОВОЕ СВОЕОБРАЗИЕ ПОЭМЫ Н.В. ГОГОЛЯ «МЕРТВЫЕ ДУШИ»
Authors: Хаткова И.Н. , Бешукова Ф.Б.
Published: January 2025

Анализируется жанровое своеобразие поэмы Н. В. Гоголя «Мертвые души». Рассматривается замысел писателя и история определения жанра самим Гоголем и его современниками. С позиций современного литературоведения классифицируются признаки эпического и лирического начал в поэме, позволившие обосновать правомерность избранной Гоголем жанровой формы. Специфика жанра «Мертвых душ» в том числе определяется и в композиции, и в характере Чичикова. Выявляется, что композиционное своеобразие поэмы Н. В. Гоголя «Мертвые души» определяется внутренней связью системы образов и лирических отступлений. Отмечается, что эпическое начало «Мертвых душ» связано с широким охватом социальной действительности и образом Чичикова, а поэтичность языка текста (насыщенность средствами художественной выразительности: метафоры, эпитеты, образные сравнения) и наличие лирических отступлений составляют лирическое начало поэмы.

The article analyzes the genre originality of N.V. Gogol's poem "Dead Souls". The research investigates both the author's original intent and the historical context of genre attribution by Gogol and his contemporaries. Through the lens of contemporary literary theory, this analysis systematically categorizes the epic and lyrical components present in the work, thereby validating Gogol's unconventional genre designation. The specificity of the genre of "Dead Souls" is also determined in the composition and in the character of Chichikov. It is revealed that the compositional originality of Gogol's poem "Dead Souls" is determined by the internal connection of the system of images and lyrical digressions. The authors note that the epic element of "Dead Souls" is associated with the broad coverage of social reality and the image of Chichikov, and the poetic language of the text (saturation with artistic means of expression: metaphors, epithets, figurative comparisons) and the presence of lyrical digressions constitute the lyrical element of the poem.
КОГНИТИВНЫЙ РЕСУРС БИЛИНГВИЗМА В СТРУКТУРЕ ДОМЕНОВ ЭТНИЧЕСКОЙ КОНЦЕПТОСФЕРЫ
Authors: Багироков Х.З. , Макерова С.Р.
Published: January 2025

Анализируются когнитивно-ментальные основания этноидентичности индивидуально-авторского языкового сознания (ИАЯС) писателя, транслирующего закодированные имплицитные и эксплицитные лингвокультурные смыслы в коммуникативно-дискурсивных практиках (КДП) в социокультурной ситуации адыгейско-русского билингвизма. Анализ доменов ментального пространства (ДМП) передает структуру секторальности этнической концептосферы и презентует социокогнитивный резерв билингвальности ИАЯС, позволяя транслировать национальную аксиологию иноязычному читателю.

The paper analyzes cognitive and mental basis of ethno-identity in the individual author's linguistic consciousness (IALC) of a writer who transmits coded implicit and explicit linguocultural meanings in communicative-discursive practices (CDP) within the sociocultural context of Adyghe-Russian bilingualism. The analysis of mental space domains (MSD) reveals the sectoral structure of ethnic conceptosphere and presents the sociocognitive potential of IALC bilingualism, enabling the transmission of national axiology to foreign language readers.
СПЕЦИФИКА ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ МОЛОДЁЖНОГО СЛЕНГА В БРИТАНСКОМ И АМЕРИКАНСКОМ ВАРИАНТАХ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: Сасина С.А. , Бричева М.М.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматриваются особенности употребления сленговой лексики в речи британской и американской молодёжи, проводится сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ сленгизмов в двух вариантах английского языка. Обосновывается идея о том, что формирование и функционирование молодёжного сленга обусловлены наличием социальных проблем и стремлением молодёжи к самовыражению. Особое внимание уделяется тем сферам, где использование сленгизмов студенческой молодёжью и школьниками Великобритании и США проявляется чаще всего. Предпринимается попытка тематической классификации нестандартных лексических единиц. Определяется целесообразность выявления наиболее распространенных сленговых единиц в речи британской и американской молодёжи как средства репрезентации лингвистических знаний. В результате сравнения выделяются сходные и различительные характеристики сленга в британском и американском вариантах английского языка.

The article examines the peculiarities of slang vocabulary use in the speech of British and American youth, and provides a comparative analysis of slang units in two variants of the English language. It substantiates the idea that the formation and functioning of youth slang are conditioned by the presence of social problems and the desire of youth for self-expression. Particular attention is paid to those areas where the use of slang units by students and schoolchildren in Great Britain and the USA is most frequent. The authors attempt to thematically classify non-standard lexical units. The advisability of identifying the most common slang units in the speech of British and American youth as a means of representing linguistic knowledge is determined. As a result of the comparison, similar and distinctive characteristics of slang in British and American English are highlighted.
Atrapada en Gea
Authors: Santana Gabriela
Published: January 2025

Veda despierta en un hospital de Gea, un planeta espejo de la Tierra. La científica ha sido teletransportada desde su laboratorio, donde estudiaba explosiones solares y materia oscura. Tres hombres: Samuel (su esposo) y dos científicos con quienes colaboraba, están convencidos de que ella está viva y pueden abrirle un portal para que regrese a la Tierra; mientras tanto, en Gea, Veda necesita sobrevivir, ya que ahí los seres humanos tienen un depredador.
Plant-derived compounds with antineoplastic activity: a literature review
Authors: Vasconcelos Matheus Bastos , Silva Mayron Guedes , Silva Raphael Guedes , Uchoa Vanessa Romano , Silva Naíme Diane Sauaia Holanda , Garcês José Renzo Castro , Silva Eduardo Rodrigues , Moura Jhonata Costa , Penha Ellen Caroline da Silva , Ferreira Andressa Coelho , Marques Raphael Furtado , Pereira Gabriel Moreira , Galvão Filho Adenilson Pereira , Ribeiro Rachel Melo , Borges Marilene Oliveira da Rocha
Published: January 2025

Natural products, especially those derived from plants used in traditional medicine, are a significant source of novel therapeutics. Numerous plant-derived molecules have been extensively documented in scientific literature for their potential antineoplastic effects, acting through various mechanisms. This review highlights the most frequently cited antineoplastic compounds over the past 12 years: emodin, genistein, luteolin, parthenolide, quercetin, resveratrol, and betulinic acid. The aim is to provide an overview of these compounds, their plant origins, and their mechanisms of action. Studies were selected from the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases using the DeCS/MeSH descriptors relevant to the guiding question. All included studies evaluated the antitumor activity of these compounds through various experiments reported in the literature, demonstrating their efficacy against different cancer cell lines. The compounds exhibited cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities, inhibited cell viability, proliferation, and migration, and reduced resistance to existing antineoplastic drugs. These findings illustrate the anticancer pharmacological potential of the compounds under investigation and highlight the necessity for further clinical studies on these molecules to facilitate their future application in cancer therapy.
O papel da Praça Hugo Werneck na consolidação da função social da cidade: análise da sua contribuição na evolução urbana sob um viés histórico na cidade de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Silva Larissa Camilo de Souza Lima e , Garcia Letícia Clipes , Soares Marco Túlio Bones , Carrasco Edgar Vladmiro Mantilla
Published: January 2025

O estudo do desenvolvimento urbano das grandes cidades faz-se fundamental para a preservação das historicidades culturais regionais. A Cidade de Belo Horizonte possui sua fundação sobre as terras do antigo Curral Del-Rey com as promessas de um ambiente urbano progressista, contemporâneo e com uma qualidade de vida não antes vista no Brasil. Influenciado pelo positivismo de Comte, o engenheiro e urbanista Aarão Reis idealizou a então nova capital com traçados utópicos que nunca vieram a de fato se concretizar devido as influências políticas da época e o questionável planejamento do horizonte urbano para a capital. A Avenida do Contorno limitava a cidade e, dentro de seu perímetro, a urbanização foi concebida num traçado em xadrez com avenidas de 35 a 50 metros de largura. Neste contexto este trabalho apresenta uma análise do desenvolvimento histórico da Praça Hugo Werneck como território de permanência e de interesse cultural do Município de Belo Horizonte. A metodologia abordada possibilitou uma análise do desenvolvimento da Praça como marco simbólico e de materialização do Conjunto Urbano Praça Hugo Werneck e Adjacências e seus desafios enquanto área de interesse cultural. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram a identificação das camadas que compõe o lugar e estratégias de preservação da identidade e da vocação do território.
O uso de métodos contraceptivos entre universitários da área da saúde e de outras áreas em Paraíso do Tocantins: um artigo original
Authors: Bueno Luana Mendonça Marques Ramos , Santos Mateus Silva , D’ Alessandro Aline Almeida Barbaresco , Herrera Savia Denise Silva Carlotto , Reis Mateus dos Santos , Mendes Camila Pereira , Farias Gabriel Santos , Pedreira Layra Eugenio , Orsi Ana Laura , Sousa Filho Angelly Bernardo de , Almeida João Pedro Lima Vaz de
Published: January 2025

A saúde sexual é um direito humano fundamental, reconhecido pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, e envolve escolhas reprodutivas conscientes e informadas. No contexto universitário, compreender os padrões de uso de métodos contraceptivos é essencial para a promoção de práticas de saúde reprodutiva e sexual responsáveis. Este estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal teve como objetivo examinar e comparar o uso de métodos contraceptivos entre estudantes universitários da área da saúde e de outras áreas acadêmicas em Paraíso do Tocantins. A pesquisa contou com 254 participantes, selecionados aleatoriamente, e utilizou questionários estruturados para coletar informações sobre tipos de métodos contraceptivos utilizados, frequência de uso, fatores influenciadores, crenças culturais e religiosas, e diferenças de percepção entre gêneros. Os dados foram analisados com o auxílio do Excel e do software SPSS, aplicando testes estatísticos adequados para verificar associações entre variáveis. Os resultados indicaram que estudantes de áreas da saúde apresentam maior conhecimento e consistência no uso de contraceptivos em comparação aos de outras áreas. No entanto, a escolha do método é frequentemente influenciada por fatores culturais e religiosos, revelando lacunas na educação sexual. Este estudo destaca a importância de iniciativas de educação sexual e políticas públicas que atendam às necessidades específicas dos jovens universitários, promovendo práticas preventivas e redução de riscos associados à saúde reprodutiva e sexual.
A questão da aprendizagem de alunos com deficiência intelectual na escola pública: uma revisão narrativa de literatura
Authors: Morais Bratislene Assunção de , Freitas Raquel Aparecida Marra Madeira
Published: January 2025

No Brasil, a Política Nacional da Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva (2008) prevê que alunos da educação especial sejam matriculados nas escolas comuns e em Sala de Recurso Multifuncional, de modo a receberem atendimento educacional especializado. A revisão de literatura sobre o tema evidencia: despreparo dos professores, em geral, para lidarem com alunos da educação especial; falta de compreensão sobre o processo de aprendizagem dos alunos com deficiência intelectual, tanto por parte de professores de salas comuns quanto de escolas especiais; formação continuada do professor aligeirada e insuficiente, com tom informativo; pouca estrutura das instituições. Diante disso, este estudo buscou responder à seguinte questão: qual a visão de professores da Sala de Recurso Multifuncional sobre o processo de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento do aluno com deficiência intelectual nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental? Amparando-se na teoria histórico-cultural de Vigotski, particularmente nos fundamentos da defectologia, a pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar a visão de professores da Sala de Recurso Multifuncional acerca da aprendizagem do aluno com deficiência intelectual.
Aprendizagem de alunos com deficiência intelectual na visão do professor de sala de recurso multifuncional: uma análise sob a perspectiva histórico-cultural
Authors: Morais Bratislene Assunção de , Freitas Raquel Aparecida Marra Madeira
Published: January 2025

Este artigo registra aspectos de uma pesquisa qualitativa que teve como participantes 8 professores do Ensino Fundamental que atuam na Sala de Recurso Multifuncional da Rede Municipal de Educação de Goiânia (Goiás). O objetivo foi investigar a visão destes professores acerca da aprendizagem do aluno com deficiência intelectual. Os procedimentos para o desenvolvimento deste estudo envolveram revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa e pesquisa de campo. Para a coleta de dados empregou-se questionário e entrevista semiestruturada. Na análise qualitativa do conteúdo das entrevistas emergiram as seguintes categorias: compreensão dos professores da SRM sobre a deficiência intelectual; trabalho pedagógico desenvolvido com os alunos com deficiência intelectual; aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento do aluno com deficiência intelectual segundo os professores da SRM; formação continuada do professor do AEE; função do professor da SRM nas unidades escolares. Concluiu-se que poucos professores compreendem a aprendizagem a partir das potencialidades de desenvolvimento dos alunos da educação especial. Prepondera a concepção orgânica da deficiência intelectual, sobrepondo a aprendizagem por repetição às possibilidades de desenvolvimento. É preciso avançar a perspectiva de ensino, aprendizagem e desenvolvimento do aluno com deficiência intelectual, como base para uma nova política de inclusão com melhores condições, recursos e conhecimentos adequados dos professores e, sobretudo, incorporando a compreensão de que no contexto de cada aluno da educação especial o desenvolvimento pode ser melhor impactado pelo processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Análise completa do impacto ambiental: camisetas de algodão, PET reciclado e poliamida 6.6
Authors: Gasi Fernando , Silva Marcia Cristina , Lourenço Sérgio Ricardo , Andrade Alexandre Acácio de
Published: January 2025

O artigo avalia os impactos ambientais associados às camisetas feitas de algodão, PET reciclado e poliamida 6.6, com o objetivo de fornecer informações sobre a produção têxtil sustentável. A metodologia envolve a Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) que examina vários fatores, como consumo de água, emissões de CO₂, uso de energia, durabilidade e reciclabilidade durante todo o ciclo de vida das camisetas. Os resultados indicam que as camisetas de PET reciclado apresentam maior eficiência hídrica e menor pegada de carbono em comparação às camisetas de algodão, que se destacam por sua biodegradabilidade. Em contraste, as camisetas de poliamida 6.6 são conhecidas por sua durabilidade e elasticidade superiores. O estudo enfatiza a importância de entender a dinâmica ambiental dentro da cadeia de produção têxtil, contribuindo para a crescente conscientização sobre sustentabilidade no setor. As conclusões extraídas da análise sugerem que as partes interessadas, incluindo fabricantes e consumidores, podem tomar decisões mais informadas sobre seleção de materiais e práticas de produção, resultando em práticas mais sustentáveis no setor têxtil. Os gráficos e análises detalhados apresentados no estudo apoiam essas descobertas, fornecendo uma visão geral abrangente das implicações ambientais de diferentes materiais de camisetas. Esta pesquisa serve como um recurso valioso para promover práticas sustentáveis e orientar a tomada de decisões na indústria têxtil, destacando a necessidade de um equilíbrio entre as preocupações ambientais e o desempenho do produto.
A interlocução entre raça, classe e gênero no sistema prisional brasileiro no capitalismo neoliberal
Authors: França Cynthia Leal , França Rosilene Marques Sobrinho de
Published: January 2025

Este estudo analisa a interlocução entre raça, classe e gênero no sistema prisional frente ao avanço do ideário neoliberal no contexto brasileiro. O objetivo principal da pesquisa é analisar a relação entre o neoliberalismo, o racismo estrutural e as desigualdades sociais no contexto do superencarceramento no Brasil. A metodologia aplicada consistiu em uma pesquisa bibliográfica a partir do levantamento de aportes teóricos de pesquisadores da área, bem como estudo documental. Os resultados obtidos encontram-se divididos em duas seções. A primeira seção versa sobre racismo estrutural e desigualdades de classe no sistema prisional brasileiro. A segunda, por sua vez, discute a relação entre o neoliberalismo e a perpetuação das desigualdades de raça, classe e gênero no sistema prisional brasileiro. Através deste estudo, identificou-se a necessidade de reconhecer a interlocução entre raça, classe social, gênero e sistema penal para implementar políticas públicas efetivas, que, além de enfrentar as desigualdades, promovam a desconstrução do racismo, do classismo, do patriarcado, do sexismo e da misoginia e garantam os direitos humanos dentro e fora das unidades prisionais.
Desafíos jurídicos de la información sobre la proximidad agroalimentaria
Authors: Muñoz Gómez Marta J.
Published: January 2025

Los ciudadanos de la Unión Europea muestran una clara preferencia por adquirir alimentos de proximidad, ya sea a través de la compra directa al productor, en mercados locales o en grandes superficies comerciales. Esta tendencia está estrechamente relacionada con la percepción de la calidad alimentaria, entendida en un sentido amplio, la cual abarca aspectos de seguridad, sostenibilidad y frescura. Sin embargo, la regulación de la proximidad alimentaria plantea importantes desafíos jurídicos, debido a la coexistencia de diversas definiciones legales y a la necesidad de distinguir este concepto de otras figuras jurídicas similares. En este contexto, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo examinar los instrumentos normativos que permiten proporcionar al consumidor información clara sobre la cercanía de los alimentos. A partir del análisis del Reglamento (UE) 1169/2011, relativo a la información alimentaria facilitada al consumidor, así como de la legislación marcaria, se identifican diversas herramientas jurídicas que permiten informar al consumidor sobre la proximidad alimentaria.
Una zecca di falsari nel castello di Godano (La Spezia): note sulla tecnica di produzione e di argentatura delle monete sullo scorcio del Medioevo
Authors: Baldassarri Monica , Palleschi Vincenzo , Raneri Simona
Published: January 2025

Tra il 2010 e il 2020 una serie di ricerche storiche e archeologiche si sono concentrate sul castello di Godano, nell’entroterra spezzino. Tali indagini hanno consentito di definire le vicende di questo insediamento tra medioevo ed età moderna. Tra queste sono state individuate le tracce di attività di una zecca non autorizzata, cui si deve probabilmente anche la distruzione della rocca nel 1524.  Nel contributo sono presentati i dati dello studio archeologico, archeometrico e numismatico dei materiali recuperati con gli scavi che hanno consentito di mettere a fuoco diversi processi produttivi impiegati per la creazione di differenti serie di monete false relative ai prodotti ufficiali di zecche piemontesi, liguri, emiliane e toscane. In modo particolare vengono approfonditi i dati relativi all’argentatura superficiale utilizzata per produrre falsi quattrini di Siena e cornuti di Carmagnola. Prendendo spunto da quanto rilevato in questo sito, si aggiungono alcune considerazioni generali sulla produzione monetale in relazione all’approvvigionamento di materie prime, agli indicatori di produzione, alla trasmissione delle tecniche e alle maestranze dedite a questo tipo di produzione fraudolenta tra medioevo e la prima età moderna.
Vases depicted on coins of ancient Italy
Authors: Caccamo Caltabiano Maria
Published: January 2025

Towards the middle of the 5th and in the first half of the 4th century BC in South Italy Tarentum, Herakleia and Metapontum stand out for the quantity of coins issued with types representing vases, above all kantharoi and oinochoai. In the first half of the 3rd century BC in Apulia also Canusium and Caelia represented characteristic containers of the Messapian civilization; in Lucania Metapontum and Herakleia presented on their coins kantharoi, oinochoai, kotylai, amphorae and chalice craters. These vases give the impression to be a modern ‘catalogue’ of all the drinking vessels that these cities were able to offer to their customers. Such great and meticulous attention was determined by the will to promote to the general public the different qualities and the multiplicity of vases that the local workshops produced.
The Salian Crown and its Representation on Coins: an Unknown Hoftagsprägung from Zurich
Authors: Weiss Christian
Published: January 2025

In 1956, a small coin hoard containing 20 high medieval denarii was found during an archaeological excavation at Alt-Regensberg Castle northwest of Zurich, Switzerland. The hoard was summarily published in the 1979 excavation publication, which stated that it was composed of 20 identical denarii from the Fraumünster Abbey in Zurich. During the recent digitisation of the hoard in the Swiss National Museum, it became clear that only 19 of these denarii correspond to the known Fraumünster type, while the remaining specimen can be attributed to another type. The reverse type is interpreted as a representation of the Salian crown, in a characteristic manner that also occurs on coins from several other mints. It is argued that it is the same crown that has repeatedly appeared on coins since Henry II and depicted in illuminated manuscripts since at least Otto II, and that the angular representation was merely a representational convention.
The circulation of Bohemian florins in late medieval Italy and Germany
Authors: Zaoral Roman
Published: January 2025

Although it is generally accepted that Bohemian florins circulated more frequently abroad than in the Czech lands, a more precise study depicting their use in the light of historical sources has been lacking until now. The author examines gold coin hoards in Italy and Germany and compares them with the evidence from written sources (the diaries of Italian merchants, the pilgrims´ book of Siena, papal registers relating to the collection of tithes and other papal revenues). The contribution aims to document various ways by which Bohemian florins penetrated abroad and to clarify what circumstances caused them, despite their high quality, to circulate in the Rhineland in larger quantities than in the Apennine Peninsula.
Money and Pilgrimage in Early Medieval Europe (c. 600–1100)
Authors: Naismith Rory
Published: January 2025

Pilgrims, as long-distance travellers who left familiar territory behind, were frequent users of coined money. They needed it to sustain themselves on the journey, and also to indulge in distribution of alms and other offerings at their destination; many would also use money to engage in casual commerce at all stages of their route. This brief survey considers the range of ways in which pilgrims might have used coins to fulfil practical and spiritual needs, exemplified by case-studies, before looking at possible examples of pilgrims’ coins in the material record.
“Contra maleficos et sortilegos”. Superstizioni e monete nella diocesi di Milano in età borromaica
Authors: Pagani Fabrizio
Published: January 2025

Il contributo offre un’analisi delle pratiche legate all’esercizio di incantesimi e stregonerie riscontrate ed esistenti nella Diocesi di Milano, e del comportamento della Chiesa nei confronti di superstizioni, stregonerie ed eresie nella prima età moderna. Qui sono riportati due esempi di documenti relativi a monete conservate nell’Archivio della Diocesi di Milano, con le relative trascrizioni. Un altro esempio riguarda una medaglia satirica che trova reciprocità con un tipo di medaglia realizzata in Inghilterra nella seconda metà del XVII secolo, in ambiente protestante e con evidente funzione anti-cattolica.
Cellini e il Perseo: le monete come veicolo tra fama e memoria
Authors: De Gasperi Angelica
Published: January 2025

Nel 1889, in occasione dei lavori di manutenzione alla statua di Cellini raffigurante Perseo, situata in Piazza della Signoria a Firenze (1554), nella sua base marmorea furono rinvenute alcune monete e gettoni da conto di zecche ed epoche diverse, comprese tra il XVI e la fine del XVIII secolo. Nel contributo si presentano i dati circa questo rinvenimento e i diversi esemplari numismatici (monete e gettoni da conto) ad esso relativo, inquadrandone le tipologie e discutendo i possibili motivi ed occasioni della loro presenza nella base della statua. Tra questi, sono presi in considerazione i depositi di fondazione e altri generi di deposizioni volontarie sempre legate a “motivi non economici”, che sono discussi facendo riferimento ad un ampio panorama di fonti e confronti.
Extracción de fibra dietaria de cáscara de naranja mediante microondas y método convencional: Propiedades macromoleculares y funcionales
Authors: Montañez Domínguez Ricardo , Ochoa Martínez Luz Aracely , Morales Castro Juliana , González Herrera Silvia Marina
Published: January 2025

La fibra dietaria (FD) es un conjunto de polímeros de carbohidratos esenciales para la salud humana presentes en alimentos de origen vegetal. Su consumo mejora el tránsito intestinal y puede contribuir a reducir los niveles de glucosa y colesterol en la sangre. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las propiedades macromoleculares y funcionales de la fibra dietaria soluble (FDS) e insoluble (FDI) extraída de la cáscara de naranja por dos métodos: el método ácido convencional y el método asistido por microondas, y compararla con fibra comercial. Los resultados mostraron que la extracción asistida por microondas mejoró significativamente el rendimiento de la FDS, logrando 24.33 ± 0.75 g/ 100 g, en comparación con 14.83 ± 0.73 g/100 g obtenido mediante el método ácido convencional. En cuanto a la FDI, no se encontraron diferencias significativas. Con ambos métodos de extracción, la FD presentó características macromoleculares propias. Con el uso de microondas la fibra presentó mejores propiedades funcionales, como la capacidad de hinchamiento, retención de agua, retención de aceite, y adsorción de colesterol y glucosa. En conclusión, el uso de microondas es un método más eficiente para obtener fibra dietaria de calidad, surgiendo como una alternativa para el aprovechamiento de la cáscara de naranja.
DOI:
Optimization Algorithms for Deep Learning Prediction of Liver cirrhosis: A Survey
Authors:   Department of Applied Health Sciences, Higher Technological Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Mansoura, Egypt, Aya Aya ,   Department of Computers Engineering and Control Systems, Faculty of Engineering,   Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt,   Department of Communications and Electronics, Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mansoura 35111, Egypt,   Professor at the Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt, .. Asmaa H. , .. El-Sayed M. El , Moustafa Hossam El-Din
Published: January 2025

Today, new Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques are utilized to help doctors forecast the occurrence of diseases because of the necessity of sustaining public health and early disease diagnosis. One significant kind of liver damage is liver cirrhosis, which typically results from long-term liver damage brought on by a variety of liver conditions and diseases, including hepatitis, persistent alcoholism, or heredity. We created this review to provide an overview of liver cirrhosis since it is essential to identify it early and prevent the damage from spreading throughout the liver tissues. In order to identify liver cirrhosis from biomedical markers rather than images, this study has recently conducted nine studies overlaying it with various artificial intelligence deep learning techniques. Our suggested approach used various Machine Learning (ML) models to predict the signs of cirrhosis in conjunction with other illnesses. Because this condition is so important, it is important to summarize these studies based on the methodology and findings of detection accuracy and precision.
Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery: A Review of AI Approaches for Target Identification
Authors:   ICT Bahrain Polytechnic,PO Box 33349, Isa Town, Bahrain, Faustino Faustino
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a revolutionary solution in drug discovery and development in aspects including high costs, long times, and high failure rates. This review describes the development and focuses on areas where AI has been used for target identification, lead optimization, design of new drugs from scratch and drug repurposing. Deep learning frameworks such as generative adversarial networks (GANs), variational autoencoders (VAEs), and explainable AI (XAI) approaches have been instrumental and comparative progress in enhancing the efficacy and specificity of drug discovery processes. AI has made advances in clinical trials, trial conduct, and participant selection, as well as enhanced patient-tailored therapies for personalized medicine. Issues such as data credibility, model explainability, and algorithmic biases are still present, and logical and social sciences' cooperation and code of conduct are needed. As such, this review aligns current developments with these challenges to demonstrate the possibilities of AI in revolutionizing pharma research and enhancing health solutions worldwide.
Review: AI-Driven Advances in Physiotherapy Stimulation Devices
Authors:   Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa City 11152, Egypt, Mohamed Mohamed
Published: January 2025

This embraces rehabilitation medicine as it significantly boosts the doctor's way of working and presents new ways or new tools that the doctor might consider to enhance or augment the results that the patients benefit from physically. This review focuses on applying AI technologies such as robotic systems, virtual reality (VR), machine learning algorithms, wearable devices and predictive analytics in different fields, including stroke recovery, neuromuscular disorder rehabilitation, orthopedic and critical care. AI utilization improves patient treatment, the accuracy of therapy, and the administration of evaluation to deal with issues such as a lack of therapists, comparative analysis, and the expensive nature of conventional treatment. Although the outlook for its progress is positive, there are twofold problems: ethical questions, data privacy and policy concerns, and regulatory challenges. Future directions indicate directions for research and practice and call for increased interdisciplinary cooperation, large-scale validation studies and appropriate ethical standards to unlock the full potential of AI in reinventing rehabilitation medicine and rendering patient-centered care possible.
Metaheuristic Algorithms in Optimizing Structural Design of Bridges: A Review
Authors:   School of Computing, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, India, Sekar Sekar
Published: January 2025

Metaheuristic optimization algorithms become essential to solving structural design problems because they can handle nonlinear, multiple-mode, large-scale, and other difficulties. This review focuses on how MOAs have been developed and utilized and how they have compared efficiency in structural engineering design optimization. It describes some of the main milestones, such as hybrid and ensemble algorithms, as well as quantum annealing and finite elements, to improve the accuracy of the results. The study organizes and assesses modern approaches scientifically and accentuates their benefits and pitfalls in practical applications. Hypotheses derived from benchmarking and statistical exercises show that enhanced MOAs are reliable and fast in yielding almost ideal structures within a manageable computational frontier. Finally, the review outlines the limitations of the current research and suggests research foci for the future advancement of metaheuristic methods and their use in structural engineering optimization.
Evaluation of potential productivity in coniferous forests by integrating field data and aerial laser scanning in Hidalgo, México
Authors: Ramos-Madrigal Rodrigo , De los Santos-Posadas Héctor M. , Valdez-Lazalde José René , Velasco-Bautista Efraín , Ángeles-Pérez Gregorio , Ortiz-Reyes Alma Delia
Published: January 2025

Aim of study: To predict the productivity potential of a managed conifer forest by estimating the site index from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data.
Study area: Intensive Carbon Monitoring Site Atopixco, Hidalgo, Mexico.
Material and methods: A total of 329 observations from five remeasurements in permanent forest inventory sampling units were used to generate site index curves and metrics derived from a 2013 LiDAR scan. LiDAR elevation metrics were statistically related to field-observed dominant height (DH). Three models were fitted to predict DH as a function of LiDAR metrics, while nine height growth models were developed using the algebraic difference approach, at a base age of 40 years, using the ordinary least squares method and mixed effects models (MEM).
Main results: The 99th height percentile was the LiDAR metric that showed the greatest correlation with the observed DH. Its integration into a linear model was best suited to estimate DH with Adjusted Determination Coefficient (R2adj) of 0.97 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.31 m. The Hossfeld IV anamorphic model adjusted as MEM and autocorrelation corrected model showed the best performance for predicting DH growth with R2adj of 0.87 and RMSE of 2.11 m. The integration of both models into a Geographic Information System (GIS) allowed the spatially explicit construction of an accurate mosaic of the DH and site index to classify stand productivity in the study area.
Research highlights: Of the total area managed for timber purposes, 87% is classified as a heigh (≥31 m) and average (26 m) site index, while areas dedicated to conservation contain 13% of the area classified with low site index (≤21 m).
Detection of mite infested saffron plants using aerial imaging and machine learning classifier
Authors: Sahabi Hossein , Baradaran-Motie Jalal
Published: January 2025

Aim of study: To evaluate and develop a machine learning code that uses aerial images in visible and near infrared (NIR) spectra to detect mite-infested Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) plants through processing the spectral indices to classify healthy and diseased plants. This leads to the identification of the concentration points of the bulb mites and the estimation of the percentage of infestation in the field.
Area of study: Khorasan-Razavi province, Torbat-Heydarieh, Iran.
Material and methods: Five fields were randomly selected and their red-green-blue (RGB), as a typical visible spectral image, and NIR images were taken in two consecutive years. Seven spectral vegetation indices for NIR images including NIR-band, Red-band, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), ratio vegetation index (RVI), difference vegetation index (DVI), difference red-nir ratio (DRN) and infrared percentage vegetation index (IPVI); and twelve indices for RGB images inlcuding red-band, green-band, blue-band, visible-band difference vegetation index (VDVI), visible atmospheric resistant index (VARI), triangular greenness index (TGI), normalized difference greenness index (NDGI), normalized green blue difference index (NGBDI), modified green red vegetation index (MGRVI), red green blue vegetation index (RGBVI), vegetative index (VEG) and excess of green index (EXG), were extracted and analysed. In order to detect affected plants, two support vector machine (SVM) classifiers with radial basis function (RBF) kernels were used separately for NIR and RGB images.
Main results: The average accuracy of the SVM classifier models were estimated to be 82.3% for NIR images and 91.4% for RGB images during the test phase. Also, the accuracy of the developed models when evaluated in the field with respect to the confusion matrix method was 75.6% and 80.3% for the classification models for NIR and RGB images, respectively.
Research highlights: RGB images were able to distinguish infested plants with better accuracy. Processing aerial images of lightweight drones could speed up the inspection of vast saffron fields.
BERTugues: A Novel BERT Transformer Model Pre-trained for Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Mazza Zago Ricardo , Agnoletti dos Santos Pedotti Luciane
Published: January 2025

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained for English or multilingual versions, with superior performance in English. This disparity occurs because, in the training of multilingual models, only a relatively small amount of data is added for each additional language. Consequently, while these models can function in Portuguese, their performance is suboptimal. The first BERT model (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) specifically trained for Brazilian Portuguese was BERTimbau in 2020, which enhanced performance across various text-related tasks. We followed the training approach of BERT/BERTimbau for BERTugues, while implementing several improvements. These included removing rarely used characters in Portuguese from the tokenizer, such as oriental characters, resulting in the addition of over 7,000 new tokens. As a result, the average length of sentence representations was reduced from 3.8 words with more than one token to 3.0, which positively impacted embedding performance by improving metrics relevant to classification problems. Two additional enhancements involved embedding emojis as tokens - an essential step for capturing conversational nuances - and filtering low-quality texts from the training dataset. These modifications improved performance across various tasks, raising the average F1 score from 64.8 % in BERTimbau to 67.9 % in BERTugues.
Characterization of Polymeric Composite Reinforced with Moringa oleifera Pod Fibers
Authors: Valentim Murillo de Moraes , Gonçalves Janaina Fracaro de Souza
Published: January 2025

The concern for the rational use of natural resources and the search for sustainability is a hallmark of the 21st  century. Manufacturers from various sectors aim to diversify the materials used in their projects, which predominantly rely on non-renewable resources. An alternative involves composite materials based on natural fibers, known as biocomposites, that reinforce currently used high-performance polymers. In the present study, composites were prepared based on a commercial polypropylene (PP) matrix and reinforced with Moringa oleifera  pod fibers. These compounds were characterized by tensile tests, three-point bending, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TGA) and fracture analysis by optical microscopy. The addition of vegetable fibers increased the initial degradation temperature of the composite by 4 ºC compared to PP while the melting temperature decreased by 11 ºC, indicating compatibility between the matrix and the reinforcing agent. Although there was little dispersion in the sampling of mechanical properties data, the results indicate that these properties were inferior to similar biocomposites cataloged to date and even to commercial polypropylene. These variations were investigated through optical microscopy analysis focusing on the distribution of plant fibers in the matrix, particle size and analysis of fractured surfaces to assess fiber-matrix adhesion. The use of plant fibers such as Moringa oleifera  not only provides an alternative to non-renewable materials but also promotes global sustainability by repurposing biodegradable natural waste.
LOTOTSKY-CHLODOWSKY OPERATORS
Authors:   Ankara University, Institute of Science, Department of Mathematics, 06110, Dskap, Ankara, Trkiye, KUTLU SERIN SEYMA , KARSLI Harun ,   Bolu Abant zzet Baysal University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, 14030, Golkoy, Bolu, Turkey, TASDELEN YESILDAL Fatma ,   Ankara University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics, 06100,Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
Published: January 2025

The aim of the present paper is to introduce Lototsky-Chlodowsky
operators. We explore their approximation properties within a weighted function space. Moreover, we prove Voronovskaja-type theorem for the considered
Lototsky-Chlodowsky operators.
Actinomycetes: Ultimate Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds Production
Authors: Khalid Hamza , Tariq Ayesha , Jurrat Husna , Musaddaq Rabbia , Liaqat Iram , Muhammad Noor
Published: January 2025

Every day, increased microbial resistance demands the search for new natural sources that can produce natural and effective antimicrobial compounds. Actinomycetes are attractive microorganisms with an enormous and unlimited potential to produce economically and biotechnologically important metabolites. Approximately 75% of all bioactive compounds produced so far originate from this group of bacteria. Many of these compounds have been successfully isolated and converted into valuable medications and other naturally derived synthetic compounds with antimicrobial and chemotherapeutic properties. The antimicrobial agents produced by this valuable group of prokaryotes were effectively used to rival parasites and other microbes for assets. They include many genera, each with the potential to produce various novel products. For example, one of the leading genera is Streptomyces, which contributes 70% of total antibiotics such as macrolide, aminoglycoside, Rifamycin, Ivermectin, chloramphenicol, and a large number of other medicinally valuable antimicrobial agents. It also includes anticancer agents as well. Similar to Streptomyces, Micromonospora is another major source of antibiotics producing Tetrocarcins, Fortimicins, Antlermicins, Sagamicins, Mutamicins, Verdamicins, Sisomicins, Calicheamicin, and gentamicin. Other rare actinomycetes are potential producers of novel and broad-spectrum antibiotics, including Salinosporamide A, Marinomycin A, Arenimycin, Vancomycin, Abyssomicins, and Proximicins. Due to the expanding studies, data on the production of various metabolites by this unique and outstanding phylum is expanding daily. This review has made an effort to improve the pre-available knowledge on producing and characterizing novel antimicrobial compounds with therapeutic potential from terrestrial and marine actinomycetes.