bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relevansi Pemikiran Thomas Khun Terhadap Penerapan Ijma’
Authors: Mamnunah Mamnunah , Sauri Sufyan
Published: September 2020

Thomas Khun's famous thought is about the paradigm, in which Khun states that all knowledge possessed by a person must be based on a paradigm that is believed. If there is a new thing that cannot be solved by this paradigm, then it happens that Thomas Khun is called the scientific revolution. Thomas Khun's thoughts on the Ilmiyah Revolution have concepts and characteristics of thinking and new philosophical models that lead to new knowledge. It is in this phase that Thomas Kuhn calls it the historical phase of the birth of new knowledge, which starts with normal science, then anomalies and crises occur, after which a scientific revolution emerges as a form of birth of new knowledge. If examined more deeply, then Thomas Kuhn's thought has relevance to Islamic science, especially in the application of sources of Islamic laws, namely the application of ijma ', which is the paradigm that is possessed by Muslims in carrying out amaliyah and ubudiyah certainly based on the Qur'an and hadith , this is what Kuhn called normal science. However, when there are problems in daily life in matters of ubudiyah and amaliyah for Muslims who do not have texts or texts in the Koran and hadiths then from here anomaly and crisis will occur which will result in much debate among the scholars before obtaining a solution from the problems faced by Muslims, and then they do ijma 'which after the ijma results' have been obtained then there is the so-called scientific revolution, which reflects the shift of the paradigm of the Muslims from the old to the new paradigm, in the sense of where the Muslims in run amaliyah ubudiyah if there is no text or text in the alqu'an they will look for it in ijma 'ulama that has been done.
List of Authors and Profile
Authors: Chauhan Ajay A
Published: September 2020

Authors
Reviewer
Authors: Chauhan Ajay A
Published: September 2020

Reviewer
MANAGING SUCCESSION IN A FAMILY OWNED SMALL-MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Authors: Nandlal Honey , Kumar Suresh
Published: September 2020

Nowadays, family businesses are of high number in countires and contribute to the development of the economy. This research was conducted due to the importance of family business survival and it focuses on factors that affect their performance. Recently, family businesses have been identified as one of the concerns in the global entrepreneurial development agenda. This is because of the existing problem which is caused by family business owners avoid planning and treat succession as a problem instead of an opportunity. This impacts the continuity of the family-owned business. This research is made to emphasize the importance of planning and the drawbacks of negative bias in viewing succession as a problem. This study is expected to make family business owners understand the importance of planning and treating succession as an opportunity to achieve continuity. Qualitative research method was chosen as the method of the research with first generation family business owners as the key informants. Three key informants are chosen; Mr. Untoro A. Suryadi, Mr. IS and Mr. AS. In conclusion, family business should stop strategizing succession and treat succession as a practice.
Źródła do zawartości bibliotek polskich towarzystw naukowych i upowszechniających naukę na ziemiach polskich w okresie zaborów
Authors: Krupa Michał
Published: September 2020

Artykuł jest wynikiem poszukiwań źródeł dotyczących towarzystw naukowych (ogólnych i specjalistycznych) upowszechniających naukę funkcjonujących w latach 1795–1918. Z prowadzonych badań wyłonił się interesujący zespół materiałów, pozwalających poznać strukturę wewnętrzną księgozbiorów omawianych instytucji. Źródła te są niejednorodne i często niekompletne, niemniej przegląd inwentarzy, katalogów i innych spisów zawartości bibliotek towarzystw często stanowią jedyny ślad dla badaczy.
Poglądy na czytelnictwo młodzieży w czasach Królestwa Polskiego (1815–1830)
Authors: Słodkowska Elżbieta
Published: September 2020

Historycy książki omawiając problemy czytelnictwa w Polsce w XIX w., przeważnie biorą pod uwagę zasięg i stopień upowszechnienia publikacji oraz interpretują wypowiedzi ówczesnych pamiętnikarzy i publicystów. Zdaniem Autorki bazę źródłową należałoby poszerzyć o wypowiedzi współczesnych, odnoszące się do kształtowania gustów czytelniczych lub wyradzających obawy przed nieodpowiednią lekturą. Jako przykład tego typu zjawiska w artykule przedstawiono poglądy dotyczące czytelnictwa młodzieży.
Rola kolektorów w rozprowadzaniu subskrypcji piśmiennictwa naukowego w pierwszej połowie XIX w.
Authors: Dymmel Anna
Published: September 2020

Artykuł ma na celu ukazanie dróg rozpowszechniania prenumeraty, a przede wszystkim wyjaśnienie roli osób prywatnych (zwanych kolektorami) w podejmowanych akcjach wydawniczych. Przedstawione wnioski pochodzą z badań nad prenumeratą i prenumeratorami piśmiennictwa naukowego wydawanego na ziemiach Królestwa Polskiego w latach 1800–1863. Podjęta analiza wykazuje, że osoby prywatne odegrały ważną rolę w rozprowadzaniu prenumeraty wszelkiego piśmiennictwa naukowego i popularnego niezależnie od tematyki publikacji.
Czy Krzysztof Hilary Szembek jest „współojcem” Zbioru potrzebniejszych wiadomości?
Authors: Stasiewicz-Jasiukowa Irena
Published: September 2020

W artykule, przez pryzmat kilku wybranych reprezentatywnych tekstów z zakresu ekonomii opublikowanych w Zbiorze potrzebnych wiadomości, czyli jednej z pierwszych polskich encyklopedii opracowanej przez Ignacego Krasickiego, ukazana jest rola Hilarego Szembeka, który na prośbę Krasickiego napisał hasła ekonomiczne przerastające swym rozmiarem i treścią potrzeby tego dwutomowego dykcjonarza.
Potrzeby i oczekiwania w zakresie badań proweniencyjnych
Authors: Kocójowa Maria
Published: September 2020

Autorka opisuje dotychczasowe kierunki badań proweniencyjnych w Polsce, a także wykazuje nowe możliwości badań proweniencyjnych w Polsce po 1989, dla których inspiracją mogą być inicjatywy już zapoczątkowane na świecie oraz możliwości jakie ze sobą niosą nowoczesne techniki komputerowe.
Polonica w Eighteenth Century Short Title Catalogue: propozycja heurystyczna
Authors: Hollender Henryk
Published: September 2020

W artykule pokazano możliwości wykorzystania bazy danych Eighteenth Century Short Title Catalogue, czyli Katalogu Skróconych Tytułów Osiemnastego Wieku, która daje wgląd w ogrom angielskiej i angielskojęzycznej produkcji wydawniczej doby oświecenia. Autor pokazuje możliwości bazy na przykładzie wyszukiwania poloników.
ANALISIS YURIDIS TENTANG PERETASAN DATA PRIBADI PENUMPANG LION AIR
Authors: Leunard Michael , Mandiana Sari , Setyabudhi Jusup Jacobus
Published: September 2020

In the era of information explosion through information technology and communication by means of the internet, information and self-identity is very easy, it can be obtained both for the benefit of the owner of personal data and business interests. One of the cases is the case of the personal data of a Lion Air passenger that has been hacked. The personal data of Lion Group's passengers, namely Marindo Air, Lion Air, Thai Air which covers 7.8 million personal data of passengers from countries including Indonesia, have been hacked by groups of irresponsible people. Legal consequences for victims of Lion Group passengers by hacking of personal data written in Article 26 of the ITE Law which regulates the protection of personal data, but in Article 26 of the Law ITE does not contain a criminal threat that can be imposed on someone when using other people's personal data information without the relevant consent. The personal data protection bill The personal data protection bill is very much needed, that is special protection, because personal data is part of the human rights issue in consideration of the personal data protection draft law .Keywords: Due to the law; Personal Data Hacking; Lion Air Passenger..
Moniaineksinen katsaus 2000-luvun ympäristöpedagogiikkaan
Authors: Louhimaa Eila
Published: September 2020

Ympäristökasvatuksen käsikirja, Hannele Cantell (toim.), Helsinki (2004)
Vuorovaikutusilmiöt työnohjauksessa
Authors: Tiuraniemi Juhani
Published: September 2020

Työnohjauksen perimmäinen tavoite on se, että ohjattava oppii kunnioittamaan omaa osaamistaan ja osaa asettaa realistisia kehittymisen tavoitteita omalle toiminnalleen. Työnohjaus voi olla merkittävä ammatillisen kehittymisen vauhdittaja. Mutta miten asiantuntijatyön työnohjauksessa voitaisiin hyödyntää sitä työnohjauksen tutkimusta ja niitä käytäntöjä, joita on saatu psykoterapiatyössä? Perinteisen psykoanalyyttisen lähestymistavan vakiintuneet käsitteet, kuten vastustus tai transferenssi, kuvaavat vuorovaikutusilmiöitä, jotka liittyvät työnohjaukseen yleisemminkin.
Opettajana työskentelyn yhteydestä opettajaksi opiskeluun
Authors: Kynäslahti Heikki , Jyrhämä Riitta , Maaranen Katriina , Krokfors Leena , Toom Auli , Kansanen Pertti
Published: September 2020

Opettajapulan johdosta opettajankoulutukseen otettavien opiskelijoiden määrää on viime vuosina lisätty. Tämä on tapahtunut perustamalla laajennusohjelmia, joiden valintakriteerit ovat tuoneet koulutukseen runsaasti opetuskokemusta omaavia ja työssä käyviä aikuisopiskelijoita. Tilannetta on pyritty käyttämään koulutuksessa hyödyksi tavalla, joka sekä vastaa aikuisopiskelijoiden tarpeita että auttaa kehittämään opettajankoulutusta.
Tarina moraalista
Authors: Onnismaa Jussi
Published: September 2020

Hyveiden jäljillä : moraaliteoreettinen tutkimus, Alasdair MacIntyre, Helsinki (2004)
Kollegiaalinen palaute tukee ammatillista kasvua
Authors: Venninen Tuulikki
Published: September 2020

Erityisen tärkeää on saada ammatillista palautetta sellaisessa työssä, missä ei ole yhtä ainoaa oikeaa tapaa toimia. ”Jokaisen olisi saatava selkoa omista sokeista kohdistaan”, kirjoittaa kollegiaalista palautetta päiväkodeissa tutkinut Tuulikki Venninen. Koska tilannekeskeisessä johtamisessa päähuomio kiinnittyy havaittuun käyttäytymiseen, soveltuu tilannejohtamismalli kirjoittajan mielestä hyvin apuvälineeksi myös palautteenannon tarkasteluun.
Laadunvarmistuksesta tuli osa arkea Edupolissa
Authors: Vaalasmaa Tarmo
Published: September 2020

Monet aikuiskoulutuksen oppilaitokset ovat soveltaneet laadunvarmistukseen, kehittämistyöhön ja itsearviointiin työkaluja, jotka on alun alkaen kehitetty teolliseen toimintaan ja yrityselämään. Tarkasteltaessa menetelmien sisintä olemusta on voitu havaita niiden soveltuvan erinomaisesti myös koulutusprosessin kehittämiseen. Pääkaupunkiseudulla toimivalla Edupolilla on tällaisessa laatutyössä jo perinteet. Monen vaiheen kautta on edetty nykyiseen tilanteeseen, jossa laadunvarmistus on osa jokapäiväistä toimintaa ilman, että sanaa laatu tarvitsee erikseen korostaa. – Edupoli on aikuiskoulutukseen erikoistunut oppimiskeskus.
Tarvitaan läpinäkyvyyttä
Authors: Kajanto Anneli
Published: September 2020

Yliopisto on autonominen, puolueeton ja lahjomaton totuudenetsijä. Sitäkin. Työyhteisönä se on usein julma ja epäoikeudenmukainen. Se on hierarkkinen järjestelmä, missä vallankäytön keinot ovat mitä moninaisimmat. Laittomuuden raja rikkoutuu harvoin. Mutta epäeettinen käyttäytyminen on tiedeyhteisöjen arkea. Etenkin hierarkian alemmilla portailla olevien tutkijain työtä saatetaan omia siekailematta. Ani harva epäeettinen tapaus tai käytäntö johtaa valitukseen ja vielä harvempi plagioinnin tunnistamiseen. Pinnan alla muhii jännitteinen työyhteisö.
Elinikäinen oppiminen ja matalasti koulutetut
Authors: Illeris Knud
Published: September 2020

”Ongelmat, jotka on perinteisesti liitetty matalasti koulutettuihin, ovat muuttuneet sekä muodoltaan että sisällöltään kahdenkymmenen vuoden aikana. Kentästä on tullut ongelmallisempi ja kirjavampi, ja se vaatii varsin eriytyneitä, joustavia ja sensitiivisiä avauksia ja palveluita. Tämä puolestaan edellyttää innovatiivista ajattelua, sitoutumista ja joustavuutta poliittisesti, hallinnollisesti ja liike-elämän sektorilla aina huipulta ruohonjuuritasolle asti”, kirjoittaa syrjäytymistä työelämästä tutkinut Knud Illeris.
Erilainen oppijuus haasteena ja voimavarana
Authors: Haapasalo Seija
Published: September 2020

Oppimisvaikeuksien kirjo on laaja ja ne kasautuvat erilaisina yhdistelminä eri yksilöllä. Niinpä elävässä elämässä on vaikea löytää kahta samanlaista ”erilaista oppijaa”. Lisäksi jokaisella yksilöllä on oma kehityshistoriansa, omat harrastuksensa ja mieltymyksensä, joihin liittyen toinen on harjoittanut enemmän, toinen vähemmän omia taitojaan, sekä vahvuuksiaan että heikkoja kohtiaan. Tästä syystä erilaisen oppimisen ja oppimisvaikeuksien ilmenemismuodot ovat hyvin moninaisia. Ne tarjoavat monenlaisia haasteita, joskin myös voimavaroja ja mahdollisuuksia, jos asiat nähdään laaja-alaisesti.
Dialogia ja vertaisuus mentoroinnissa
Authors: Karjalainen Merja , Heikkinen Hannu L. T. , Huttunen Rauno , Saarnivaara Marjatta
Published: September 2020

Onko tasavertainen dialogi mahdollista mentoroinnissa? Ehdotamme mentoroinnin tarkasteluun mallia, joka auttaa välttämään toisaalta autoritaarisuuden ja hierarkkisuuden, toisaalta naiivit odotukset täydellisestä tasa-arvosta. Tarkastelemme dialogisuuden mahdollisuutta mentoroinnissa kolmella eri tasolla – eksistentiaalisella, episteemisellä ja juridis-eettisellä. Mentorointi voisi parhaimmillaan olla kahden ihmisen välistä vuorovaikutusta, joka perustuu vastavuoroiseen luottamukseen ja toisen tietojen, taitojen ja osaamisen arvostamiseen. Mentoroitavan ja mentorin dialogin lähtökohtana on ennen muuta vastavuoroinen tunnustuksen antaminen eksistentiaalisella tasolla.
Tuotannollinen oppiminen murroksessa
Authors: Alasoini Tuomo
Published: September 2020

Learning in and for production : an activity-theoretical study of the historical development of distributed systems of generalizing, Juha Pihlaja, Helsinki (2005)
Kansalaisverkot ja digitaalinen voimistuminen
Authors: Kotilainen Sirkku , Mäkinen Maarit
Published: September 2020

Digitaalisten kuilujen eli uuden teknologian käyttöön liittyvien eriarvoisuuksien lisäksi on syytä puhua myös ihmisten eriarvoisesta toimijuudesta tietoyhteiskunnassa. Teknologia sinänsä ei tee ihmisistä syrjäytyneitä tai mukana olevia, vaan sen soveltaminen toimijuutta ja osallisuutta edistävässä tarkoituksessa. Voidaan paremminkin puhua osattomuuden kuiluista ja tietoyhteiskunnan syrjäytyneistä, joille informaatioteknologia voisi tuoda selkeää hyötyä yhteiskunnan jäseninä toimimisen sekä oman hyvinvoinnin kannalta, mutta jotka eivät voi tai osaa sitä hyödyntää.
Tietoyhteiskunnan myyttejä ja todellisuutta
Authors: Hakoniemi Kirsi
Published: September 2020

Tietoyhteiskunta : myytit ja todellisuus, Antti Kasvio, Tommi Inkinen, Hanna Liikala (toim.), Tampere (2005)
Kiinnostavia näkökulmia ja tutkimustietoa työn ja oppimisen saumoista
Authors: Vaherva Tapio
Published: September 2020

Elinkautisesta työstä elinikäiseen oppimiseen, Jarkko Mäkinen ... [et al.] (toim.), Jyväskylä (2006)
Physical Performance Among Air Force ROTC Cadets Following Non-Mandatory Training
Authors: Mackey Cameron S. , Johnson Quincy , Dawes J. Jay , DeFreitas Jason M.
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION: Due to the standard collegiate academic calendar (two semesters), U.S. Air Force Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) cadets have an approximate 3-mo break over the summer in which physical training (PT) is neither regulated nor required. The purpose of this investigation
was to determine if significant changes in cadet physical fitness assessment (PFA) scores occur after a 3-mo summer break when training is not mandatory.METHODS: Male (N 28) and female (N 10) cadets performed the PFA in April and August. Cadets were split into two
groups depending on if they participated in field training over the summer [FT; N 12 (men 6, women 6)] or did not [NFT; N 26 (men 22, women 4)] to determine if engaging in field training had any effect on performance.RESULTS: Cadets performed significantly better on
run time (7%), pushups (7.6%), sit-ups (5.8%), and overall composite score (3.6%) before summer break compared to after. Significant time group interactions were observed for abdominal circumference and run time. Abdominal circumference paired samples t-tests indicated that while the
FT group did not differ between the spring and fall time points, the NFT did. There was a main effect for time in which cadets had a significantly larger abdominal circumference in the spring compared to the fall semester.CONCLUSION: Nonmandatory physical training over summer break
may significantly decrease a cadets performance on the PFA. Additionally, it appears that even the inclusion of field training for some cadets was not enough to prevent the detraining that took place over summer break.Mackey CS, Johnson Q, Dawes JJ, DeFreitas JM. Physical performance
among Air Force ROTC cadets following non-mandatory training. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(10):818823.
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria dynamics affected by plantain under synthetic cattle urine patches
Authors: Simon Priscila , De Klein Cecile , Gerard Emily , Shi Shenjing
Published: September 2020

Plantain has been suggested as a nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrate (NO3-) leaching mitigation option as it may induce biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) via plantain root exudation, which affects the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. This preliminary study compared the abundance of the ammonia monooxygenase gene (amoA) in soils containing either plantain and white clover, or ryegrass and white clover. Plants were sown in pots and grown in a greenhouse. Two months after sowing, synthetic cattle urine was applied to half the pots, and rhizosphere and bulk soil samples were collected 30 and 90 days after urine application. The abundance of the amoA gene was measured using real time quantitative PCR. The abundance of amoA genes in rhizosphere soil around ryegrass plants and in bulk soil under ryegrass/white clover were higher in pots treated with urine than the no-urine controls. AmoA gene abundance in bulk soil under plantain/white clover was higher in pots treated with urine (P<0.05) but not in rhizosphere soil around plantain plants (P>0.05) compared with the control. Furthermore, amoA gene copy numbers in the rhizosphere soil around plantain plants were lower than for ryegrass plants (P<0.05). However, there was no difference in the abundance of amoA genes in bulk soil of either combination of plant species evaluated (P>0.05). The results suggest that, in the time frame of our experiment, plantain could induce a BNI effect in the rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil.
Deiksis Bahasa Jepang dalam Studi Linguistik Pragmatik
Authors: Saifudin Akhmad
Published: September 2020

Â This paper examines the use of deixis in Japanese. Deixis is one of the language phenomena whose frequency of occurrence in speech activities is many and varied. Basically, there are three types of deixis, namely person, spatial, and time. There are now two additional deixis, social deixis and discourse. This paper attempts to recognize the characteristics of Japanese deixis. With the aim that the data obtained is more varied, the data of this paper does not come from one source, but from various sources on the internet. By using the Pragmatic approach and theories about deixis (Fillmore, 1975; Hasegawa, 2012; Kuno & Kaburaki, 1977; Levinson, 1983; Lyons, 1977; Wetzel, 1988), this paper concludes that social and psychological contexts play a significant role very important in the use of Japanese language deixis. Social deixis and emphatic are central in Japanese deixis studies.
A Novel Global Key-Value Storage System Based on Kinetic Drives
Authors: Cao Xiang , Li Cheng
Published: September 2020

NoSQL databases are flexible and efficient for many data intensive applications, and the key-value store is one of them. In recent years, a new Ethernet accessed disk drive called the “Kinetic Drive” was developed by Seagate. This new Kinetic Drive is specially designed for key-value stores. Users can directly access data with a Kinetic Drive via its IP address without going through a storage server/layer. With this new innovation, the storage stack and architectures of key-value store systems have been greatly changed. In this paper, we propose a novel global key-value store system based on Kinetic Drives. We explore data management issues including data access, key indexing, data backup, and recovery. We offer scalable solutions with small storage overhead. The performance evaluation shows that our location-aware design and backup approach can reduce the average distance traveled for data access requests.
Natural Language Processing Based Method for Clustering and Analysis of Aviation Safety Narratives
Authors: Rose Rodrigo L. , Puranik Tejas G. , Mavris Dimitri N.
Published: September 2020

The complexity of commercial aviation operations has grown substantially in recent years, together with a diversification of techniques for collecting and analyzing flight data. As a result, data-driven frameworks for enhancing flight safety have grown in popularity. Data-driven techniques offer efficient and repeatable exploration of patterns and anomalies in large datasets. Text-based flight safety data presents a unique challenge in its subjectivity, and relies on natural language processing tools to extract underlying trends from narratives. In this paper, a methodology is presented for the analysis of aviation safety narratives based on text-based accounts of in-flight events and categorical metadata parameters which accompany them. An extensive pre-processing routine is presented, including a comparison between numeric models of textual representation for the purposes of document classification. A framework for categorizing and visualizing narratives is presented through a combination of k-means clustering and 2-D mapping with t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE). A cluster post-processing routine is developed for identifying driving factors in each cluster and building a hierarchical structure of cluster and sub-cluster labels. The Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS), which includes over a million de-identified voluntarily submitted reports describing aviation safety incidents for commercial flights, is analyzed as a case study for the methodology. The method results in the identification of 10 major clusters and a total of 31 sub-clusters. The identified groupings are post-processed through metadata-based statistical analysis of the learned clusters. The developed method shows promise in uncovering trends from clusters that are not evident in existing anomaly labels in the data and offers a new tool for obtaining insights from text-based safety data that complement existing approaches.
Root Lignin Composition and Content in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Genotypes with Different Defense Responses to Ganoderma boninense
Authors: Govender Nisha , Abu-Seman Idris , Mui-Yun Wong
Published: September 2020

Basal stem rot of oil palms (OPs) is caused by Ganoderma boninense, a white-rot fungus. Root tissues are the primary route for G. boninense penetration and subsequent pathogenesis on OPs. Little is known on the host lignin biochemistry and selectivity for G. boninense degradation. Oil palm genotypes with different defense responses to G. boninense (highly tolerant, intermediately tolerant, and susceptible) were assessed for root lignin biochemistry (lignin content and composition), plant functional traits (height, fresh weight, girth), chlorophyll content, and root elemental nutrient content. One-year-old seedlings and five-year-old trees were screened for root thioglycolic acid lignin (TGA) content, lignin composition, and elemental nutrient depositions, while plant functional traits were evaluated in the one-year-old seedlings only. The TGA lignin in all the oil palm seedlings and trees ranged from 6.37 to 23.72 pM µg−1, whereas the nitrobenzene oxidation products showed a syringyl (S)-to-guaiacyl (G) ratios of 0.18–0.48. Tolerant genotypes showed significantly lower lignin content compared to the intermediately tolerant and susceptible genotypes. Likewise, the S/G ratio was higher in genotypes with lower lignin content. The depositions of root Fe, Si, Ti, S, and Cu were significantly different among the oil palm genotypes with the susceptible genotypes showing greater content than the tolerant genotypes.
The Effect of Coconut Oil Addition to Feed of Pigs on Rectal Microbial Diversity and Bacterial Abundance
Authors: Rolinec Michal , Medo Juraj , Gábor Michal , Miluchová Martina , Bíro Daniel , Šimko Milan , Juráček Miroslav , Hanušovský Ondrej , Schubertová Zuzana , Gálik Branislav
Published: September 2020

Coconut oil has a high content of lauric acid, which has selective antibacterial activity. This study aimed to explore the effect of coconut oil ingestion on the gastrointestinal microbiomes of pigs. A 14-day-long feeding experiment included 19 pigs in two groups (9 on a normal diet and 10 on a diet supplemented with coconut oil). At the start and end of the experiment, a rectal swab sample was taken from each pig in both groups, and total bacterial DNA was extracted. We used 16S rRNA high-throughput amplicon sequencing to evaluate the microbiome changes during the feeding experiment. A total of 446 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected in the whole sample set. Shannon’s indices of bacterial diversity did not change significantly during the experiment. Changes in the bacterial community during the study period and in response to the coconut oil treatment were highly significant (p < 0.001). During the study, an increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus was detected in the group treated with coconut oil. An increase in Alloprevotella, Bifidobacteriales, and Lactobacillales and a decrease in Corynebacterium, Mitsuokella, Psychrobacter, and Pseudomonadales were attributed to the coconut oil treatment. Although the addition of coconut oil to pig feed did not affect Shannon’s index of diversity, it had a positive effect on the abundance of bacterial groups that are considered to be commensal and/or probiotic.
Puffing of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Enhances its Anti-Inflammatory Effects by Upregulating Macrophage Oxidative Phosphorylation
Authors: Kim Hyunsung , Ban Insu , Choi Yohan , Yu Seungmin , Youn So Jung , Baik Moo-Yeol , Lee Hyungjae , Kim Wooki
Published: September 2020

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), a widely used spice, has anti-inflammatory properties and other health benefits, but the detailed mechanisms of these effects are still poorly understood. Recent advances in assessment of cellular energy metabolism have revealed that macrophage mitochondrial respiration is critical in inflammatory responses. In an effort to enhance the anti-inflammatory function of turmeric with a simple processing method, extract of puffed turmeric was investigated for effect on macrophage energy metabolism. The high-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that puffing of turmeric significantly induced the degradation of curcumin to smaller active compounds including vanillic acid, vanillin and 4-vinylguaiacol. The in vitro consumption of oxygen as expressed by the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was significantly downregulated following lipopolysaccharides stimulation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Puffed turmeric extract, but not the non-puffed control, reversed the LPS-induced decrease in OCR, resulting in downregulated transcription of the pro-inflammatory genes cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Dietary intervention in high-fat diet-induced obese mice revealed that both control and puffed turmeric have anti-obesity effects in vivo, but only puffed turmeric exhibited reciprocal downregulation of the inflammatory marker cluster of differentiation (CD)11c and upregulation of the anti-inflammatory marker CD206 in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Puffed turmeric extract further modulated the low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio toward that of the normal diet group, indicating that puffing is a simple, advantageous processing method for turmeric as an anti-inflammatory food ingredient.
Reduction of Oxidative Stress through Activating the Nrf2 mediated HO-1 Antioxidant Efficacy Signaling Pathway by MS15, an Antimicrobial Peptide from Bacillus velezensis
Authors: Khan Md Maruf , Kim Young Kyun , Bilkis Tahmina , Suh Joo-Won , Lee Dae Young , Yoo Jin Cheol
Published: September 2020

The efficient culture and purification of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), along with intense antioxidant activity, have drawn the interest to study antioxidant activity mechanism. We report the culture conditions optimization, efficient biosynthesis, and purification of an antioxidant peptide MS15 from Bacillus velezensis obtained from fermented food that would generate heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and lead to nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation. We explored the ability of kinetics and potency for the bacterial killing to work against various pathogenic bacteria. A bioassay showed the lysis zone of MS15 by tricine SDS-PAGE near at 6 kDa. MALDI-TOF/MS verified molecular weight, and the existence of a molecular mass of 6091 Da was reported by purity. The MIC of MS15 ranged from 2.5–160 μg/mL for many pathogenic bacteria, showing greater potency. In macrophage RAW 264.7 cells, MS15 was exposed to assess its inhibitory effect against the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in oxidative stress. In the sample treated group, the translation, and transcriptional levels of CAT (catalase), GPx (glutathione peroxidase), and SOD (superoxide dismutase) were significantly greater. In short, MS15 has significant antioxidant properties, reducing ROS production in RAW 264.7 cells, and raising the translation and transcriptional rates of antioxidant enzymes with stimulating HO-1 induction facilitated by Nrf2.
Linked Data Platform for Solanaceae Species
Authors: Singh Gurnoor , Kuzniar Arnold , Brouwer Matthijs , Martinez-Ortiz Carlos , Bachem Christian W. B. , Tikunov Yury M. , Bovy Arnaud G. , Finkers Richard G. F. Visser and Richard
Published: September 2020

Genetics research is increasingly focusing on mining fully sequenced genomes and their annotations to identify the causal genes associated with traits (phenotypes) of interest. However, a complex trait is typically associated with multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs), each comprising many genes, that can positively or negatively affect the trait of interest. To help breeders in ranking candidate genes, we developed an analytical platform called pbg-ld that provides semantically integrated geno- and phenotypic data on Solanaceae species. This platform combines both unstructured data from scientific literature and structured data from publicly available biological databases using the Linked Data approach. In particular, QTLs were extracted from tables of full-text articles from the Europe PubMed Central (PMC) repository using QTLTableMiner++ (QTM), while the genomic annotations were obtained from the Sol Genomics Network (SGN), UniProt and Ensembl Plants databases. These datasets were transformed into Linked Data graphs, which include cross-references to many other relevant databases such as Gramene, Plant Reactome, InterPro and KEGG Orthology (KO). Users can query and analyze the integrated data through a web interface or programmatically via the SPARQL and RESTful services (APIs). We illustrate the usability of pbg-ld by querying genome annotations, by comparing genome graphs, and by two biological use cases in Jupyter Notebooks. In the first use case, we performed a comparative genomics study using pbg-ld to compare the difference in the genetic mechanism underlying tomato fruit shape and potato tuber shape. In the second use case, we developed a seamlessly integrated workflow that uses genomic data from pbg-ld knowledge graphs and prioritization pipelines to predict candidate genes within QTL regions for metabolic traits of tomato.
Modeling the Accuracy of Estimating a Neighbor’s Evolving Position in VANET
Authors: Lim Jae-Han , Lee Eun-Kyu
Published: September 2020

Accurate estimation of a neighbor’s evolving position is essential to enhancing safety in intelligent transport systems. A vehicle can estimate a neighbor’s evolving position via periodic beaconing wherein each vehicle periodically broadcasts a beacon including its own kinematic data (e.g., position, speed, and acceleration). Many researchers have proposed analytic models to describe periodic beaconing in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). However, those models have focused only on network performance, e.g., packet delivery ratio (PDR), or a delay, which fail to evaluate the accuracy of estimating a neighbor’s evolving position. In this paper, we present a new analytic model capable of providing an estimation error of a neighbor’s evolving position in VANET to assess the accuracy of the estimation. This model relies on a vehicle system using periodic beaconing and a constant speed and position estimator (CSPE) to estimate a neighbor’s evolving position. To derive an estimation error, we first calculate the estimation error using a simple equation, which is associated with a probability of successful reception. Then, we derive the probability of successful reception that is applied onto the error model. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to establish a mathematical model to assess the accuracy of estimating a neighbor’s evolving position. To validate the proposed model, we compared the numerical results of the model with those of the NS-2 simulation. We observed that numerical results of the proposed model were located within the 95% confidential intervals of simulations results.
Impact of Atmospheric Pressure Microwave Plasma Treatment on Quality of Selected Spices
Authors: Wiktor Artur , Hrycak Bartosz , Jasiński Mariusz , Rybak Katarzyna , Kieliszek Marek , Kraśniewska Karolina , Witrowa-Rajchert Dorota
Published: September 2020

Current industry needs are related to higher awareness of modern consumers. These consumers are looking for products in which properties such as bioactive compounds are preserved as much as possible. Plasma treatment is one of the most promising nonthermal technologies that can decontaminate food and keep its original properties. Therefore, the aim of this work was to examine the usefulness of atmospheric pressure argon microwave plasma on decontamination of black pepper seeds, allspice berries and juniper berries. The samples were irradiated by plasma for 15–60 s and their physicochemical (dry matter content, water activity, color, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, piperine content in black pepper seeds) and microbial (bacteria and molds count) quality was evaluated afterwards. Results demonstrated that plasma irradiation for 15 s was sufficient for partial inactivation of A. niger but less effective against the Gram-positive bacterium B. subtilis, regardless of the raw material. At the same time, plasma treatment reduced water activity, which can positively affect further storage of spices. Properly selected plasma parameters may also enhance extractability of phenolics or piperine (from black pepper seeds) and improve antioxidant activity with not very great, but visible, color changes.
Development of Pump-Drive Turbine Module with Hydrostatic Bearing for Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle Application
Authors: Lee Donghyun , Kim Byungock , Park Mooryong , Lim Hyungsoo , Yoon Euisoo
Published: September 2020

The turbomachinery used in the sCO2 power cycle requires a high stable rotor-bearing system because they are usually designed to operate in extremely high-pressure and temperature conditions. In this paper, we present a pump-drive turbine module applying hydrostatic bearing using liquid CO2 as the lubricant for a 250 kW supercritical CO2 power cycle. This design is quite favorable because stable operation is possible due to the high stiffness and damping of the hydrostatic bearing, and the oil purity system is not necessary when using liquid CO2 as the lubricant. The pump-drive turbine module was designed to operate at 21,000 rpm with the rated power of 143 kW. The high-pressure liquid CO2 was supplied to the bearing, and the orifice restrictor was used for the flow control device. We selected the orifice diameter providing the maximum bearing stiffness and also conducted a rotordynamic performance prediction based on the designed pump-drive turbine module. The predicted Campbell diagram indicates that a wide range of operation is possible because there is no critical speed below the rated speed. In addition, an operation test was conducted for the manufactured pump-drive turbine module in the supercritical CO2 cycle test loop. During the operation, the pressurized CO2 of the 70 bar was supplied to the bearing for the lubrication and the shaft vibration was monitored. The successful operation was possible up to the rated speed and the test results showed that shaft vibration is controlled at the level of 2 μm for the entire speed range.
Risk Assessment of Moored and Passing Ships
Authors: Vidmar Peter , Perkovič Marko , Gucma Lucjan , Łazuga Kinga
Published: September 2020

Accidents in port areas are generally relatively minor given the lower prevailing speeds, but dangerous cargo terminals located in the vicinity of populated areas present some risk of accidents with catastrophic consequences. The maritime risk assessment frameworks have been developed in many ports, but few include studies incorporating collisions between sailing and moored ships. This paper presents the risk assessment framework for such accidents. Moreover, it presents the important role of harbour regulations in the navigation risk management process within the port area. Today’s port regulations are created mostly based on the good practice of pilots and other experts, whereas quantitative methods are used less frequently. The intention of the presented case study was to demonstrate how quantitative risk assessment may be used in port policy development, which is why the method created is general and may be used in any terminal with dangerous cargo. The multi-stage method consists of several steps that make up a complex methodology, consisting of expert study, real-time simulation—a simulation of a collision in port is presented—and analytical-empirical calculations for consequence assessment. The case studies of the developed method are presented based on two real accidents, one in the Police port along the Świnoujście-Szczecin waterway, and the second in the Port of Koper in Slovenia. The results of this study present the parameters of the ship’s safe approach to the terminal area, such as velocity and approaching angle. These parameters are used to calculate the impact forces in the case of a collision between a moored and passing ship and its consequences on ship integrity as well as on mooring arrangement. Based on probability and consequences, the risk is evaluated and discussed in the sense of port safety. The presented method could be used as the framework for risk assessment of collisions in a port area, particularly when dealing with dangerous cargo or sensitive vessels such as cruise ships.
Aircraft Turbine Engine Labyrinth Seal CFD Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Čížek Michal , Pátek Zdeněk , Vampola Tomáš
Published: September 2020

This article presents the labyrinth seal radial clearance influence. A generic labyrinth seal of a turbine aircraft engine was modeled. The target is to compare and analyze the influence of the radial clearance and location of teeth. The results can be useful for designing the location of teeth and their appropriate setting, especially for materials engineering and engineering technology in general.
Evaluation of Long-Range Mobile Mapping System (MMS) and Close-Range Photogrammetry for Deformation Monitoring. A Case Study of Cortes de Pallás in Valencia (Spain)
Authors: Di Stefano Francesco , Cabrelles Miriam , García-Asenjo Luis , Lerma José Luis , Malinverni Eva Savina , Baselga Sergio , Garrigues Pascual , Pierdicca Roberto
Published: September 2020

This contribution describes the methodology applied to evaluate the suitability of a Long-Range Mobile Mapping System to be integrated with other techniques that are currently used in a large and complex landslide deformation monitoring project carried out in Cortes de Pallás, in Valencia (Spain). Periodical geodetic surveys provide a reference frame realized by 10 pillars and 15 additional check points placed in specific points of interest, all with millimetric accuracy. The combined use of Close-Range Photogrammetry provides a well-controlled 3D model with 1–3 cm accuracy, making the area ideal for testing new technologies. Since some zones of interest are usually obstructed by construction, trees, or lamp posts, a possible solution might be the supplementary use of dynamic scanning instruments with the mobile mapping solution Kaarta Stencil 2 to collect the missing data. However, the reliability of this technology has to be assessed and validated before being integrated into the existing 3D models in the well-controlled area of Cortes de Pallás. The results of the experiment show that the accuracy achieved are compatible with those obtained from Close-Range Photogrammetry and can also be safely used to supplement image-based information for monitoring with 3–8 cm overall accuracy.
Fragility Assessment of Traffic Embankments Exposed to Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction
Authors: Oblak Aleš , Kosič Mirko , Viana Da Fonseca Antonio , Logar Janko
Published: September 2020

In this study, a vulnerability analysis of road and railway embankments to earthquake-induced liquefaction deformations was carried out. The result of the vulnerability analysis was a set of fragility curves that were obtained for several embankment and soil-profile geometries, as well as for the material properties of the liquefiable layer. The fragility curves were based on the numerical calculations obtained from FLAC 2D software in conjunction with the PM4Sand material model used for simulating the behavior of liquefaction-susceptible soils during dynamic shaking. The fragility analysis was performed using an incremental dynamic analysis approach considering a set of 30 ground motions and at least eight intensity levels. Permanent vertical displacement of the middle top point of the embankment was selected as the damage parameter, while the intensity measure was expressed in terms of peak ground acceleration at bedrock. Fragility curves were derived for three damage states, including minor, moderate and extensive damage, based on threshold values proposed in the literature. The influence of a single model variable was examined through comparison of the fragility curves.
Medical Assistant Mobile Application for Diabetes Control by Simulating a Compartmental Model
Authors: Hernández-Ordoñez Martín , Nuño-Maganda Marco Aurelio , Calles-Arriaga Carlos Adrián , Rodríguez-León Abelardo , Ovando-Chacon Guillermo Efren , Salazar-Hernández Rolando , Montaño-Rivas Omar , Canseco-Cortinas José Margarito
Published: September 2020

This paper presents an educational mobile assistant application for type 1 diabetes patients. The proposed application is based on four mathematical models that describe the glucose-insulin-glucagon dynamics using a compartmental model, with additional equations to reproduce aerobic exercise, gastric glucose absorption by the gut, and subcutaneous insulin absorption. The medical assistant was implemented in Java and deployed and validated on several smartphones with Android OS. Multiple daily doses can be simulated to perform intensive insulin therapy. As a result, the proposed application shows the influence of exercise periods, food intakes, and insulin treatments on the glucose concentrations. Four parameter variations are studied, and their corresponding glucose concentration plots are obtained, which show agreement with simulators of the state of the art. The developed application is focused on type-1 diabetes, but this can be extended to consider type-2 diabetes by modifying the current mathematical models.
A Novel Method for Designing Motion Profiles Based on a Fuzzy Logic Algorithm Using the Hip Joint Angles of a Lower-Limb Exoskeleton Robot
Authors: Song Buchun , Lee Dongyoung , Park Sang Yong , Baek Yoon Su
Published: September 2020

In this study, a novel method for designing real-time motion profiles based on a weighted fuzzy logic algorithm for an exoskeleton robot was proposed. When developing exoskeleton robots, it is important that they can identify a wearer’s motion intent in real time; therefore, we produced the motion profiles of an exoskeleton robot knee joint angles using hip joint angles and plantar pressure sensors. Two types of sensors were used to design the robot’s knee estimation angle profiles in real time—namely, hip joint angles to design the fuzzy logic algorithm and plantar pressure sensors to classify the robot’s gait phase. In the fuzzy set, four fuzzy inputs were produced through the hip joint angles; then, four fuzzy outputs were implemented based on the fuzzy inputs using 68 predefined rule bases in the fuzzy inference. The fuzzy outputs were used as the basis for calculating the motion profiles during the defuzzification. To adjust the knee angle of the robot, the weighted values were assigned to each hip joint angle section. To validate the proposed algorithm, we conducted two experiments—namely, the exoskeleton robot with and without an actuator. The method was verified through experiments showing that the motion profiles estimated the robot’s knee angles close to the desired angles.
Investigation of Low-Cost and Optical Particulate Matter Sensors for Ambient Monitoring
Authors: Rogulski Mariusz , Badyda Artur
Published: September 2020

This article presents a long-term evaluation of low-cost particulate matter (PM) sensors in a field measurements campaign. Evaluation was performed in two phases. During the first five months of the campaign, two PM sensors were simultaneously compared with the results from the reference air quality monitoring station in various atmospheric conditions—from the days with freezing cold (minimum temperature below −10 °C) and high relative humidity (up to 95%) to the days with the maximum temperature above 30 °C and low relative humidity (at the level of 25%). Based on the PM10 measurements, the correlation coefficients for both devices in relation to the reference station were determined (r = 0.91 and r = 0.94, respectively), as well as the impact of temperature and relative humidity on measurements from the low-cost sensors in relation to the reference values. The correction function was formulated based on this large set of low-cost PM10 measurements and referential values. The effectiveness of the corrective function was verified during the second measurement campaign carried out in the city of Nowy Sącz (located in southern Poland) for the same five months in the following year. The absolute values of the long-term percentage errors obtained after adjustment were reduced to a maximum of about 20%, and the average percentage errors were usually around 10%.