bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPLORING UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF THE BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS IN DISTANCE LEARNING DUE TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Wati Atikah , Nurhadi Kardi , Tsani Rezky Nugraha
Published: April 2022

This present research focused on exploring undergraduate students’ perception of distance learning in terms of experiences, benefits, and drawbacks (time management, cost, technical difficulties). It was grounded in a qualitative approach with a phenomenological case study design. Three undergraduate students of the 9th semester from the English Education Department in Wiralodra University were recruited to participate in this research. The data were derived from the three-interview series framework that consists of fifteen questions. The interview data were qualitatively analyzed by using inductive phenomenological reduction based on Seidman (2013). This research revealed that undergraduate experience varies, from the struggle with the connection to the limited communication between lecturer-students or student-students. Distance learning also impacts their feeling on how they mean distance learning, which makes the students mostly lazier as the communication is also limited and the policy is none to them who are not attending the class.  It is also showed benefits and drawbacks where it is more flexible but unstable. The cost comes to be cheaper, but they still pay the tuition fee even though they did not use the campus facility, and the main technical difficulties lie in which device and apps they used at that moment.

Keywords: perception, distance learning, benefits, drawbacks.
Using Kahoot! Improving seventh-graders' reading comprehension skills of SMPN 2 Tegalrejo
Authors: Dian Setyo Nugroho
Published: April 2022

This research was conducted to describe how the implementation of Kahoot! in the reading comprehension of seventh graders in SMPN 2 Tegalrejo. This research aims to: (1) to describe how the implementation of Kahoot! in the reading comprehension of seventh graders in SMPN 2 Tegalrejo, (2) describe the result of the use of Kahoot! to improve the reading comprehension of seventh graders in SMPN 2 Tegalrejo. The research was conducted by applying clasroom action research. There are four steps in conducting this research, namely: planning, action, observing, and reflection. It implemented two cycles which are cycle 1 and cycle 2. The data were collected by observation, interview, document analysis, and tests. Process of data analysis involved four activities; those are data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Descriptive qualitative analysis was used to present the result of the study in the form of descriptive explanation. Kahoot! implemented to improve the students’ reading comprehension skill. The findings indicate that students were better at developing in identifying main idea and implicit information. Most of them could determine specific information. They also could determine the reference. Besides there is improvement in undersatnding vocabulary context. The average of students’ scores also improved as indicated by their average writing score of the Preliminary Test, Cycle 1, and Cycle 2 tests that were 58.04, 66.52, and 78.69, respectively. The last average score was higher than the minimum achievement criteria of 75.00.
The increasing in operating characteristic of medical rotating cutting tool by introduction abrasive smaller grain size powder into the galvanic bond
Authors: Polovneva L.V.
Published: April 2022

The results of studies on strengthening the galvanic bond by introduction an abrasive smaller grain size powder into it are discussed. A comparative analysis of a standard abrasive tool and a tool, the working part of which consists of modified abrasive particles, the size of which is 1/3 of the size of the working abrasive tool, is presented. As indicators wear, cutting ability, and wear resistance are studied. The positive effect of the proposed method is confirmed by the results of comparative tests of a medical rotating cutting tool made with the introduction of fine diamond powder into a metal bond of a dental bur and electrocorundum of a similar fraction into the working part of a podology bur.
Kinetics of formation of a three-layer functional phosphorus-containing composite coating
Authors: Shcherbakov I.N. , Gasanov B.H.
Published: April 2022

The kinetics of the formation of a multilayer functional phosphorus-containing composite coating consisting of several layers has been studied. The first layer is a metal matrix in the form of nickel and phosphorus compounds modified with molybdenum disulfide. The second and third layers are phosphorus-containing coatings, which have high physical and mechanical characteristics. The physical and mechanical characteristics of each layer of a multilayer functional phosphorus-containing composite coating have been studied.
Dependence of the strengthening degree of nanocomposites “polymethyl methacrylate — functionalized carbon nanotubes” on the structure of the nanofiller
Authors: Magomedov Gas.M. , Dolbin I.V. , Davydova V.V.
Published: April 2022

Using the example of nanocomposites formed from polymethyl methacrylate and carbon nanotubes, it is shown that the functionalization of a nanofiller changes the structure of carbon nanotubes and increases the radius of their annular formations. Theoretical and experimental data are presented, confirming that this significantly increases the level of interfacial adhesion in nanocomposites and the efficiency of transfer of applied mechanical stress between the polymer matrix and the nanofiller.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA NA TERCEIRA IDADE COM A PRÁTICA DE TREINAMENTO FÍSICO
Authors: Passos Ricardo Pablo , Carvalho Anderson dos Santos , Pereira Adriano de Almeida , Carvalho Alexandre Freitas de , Martelli Anderson , Lima Bráulio Nascimento , Martins Gustavo Celestino , Oliveira Heleise Faria dos Reis de , Oliveira José Ricardo Lourenço de , Almeida Klebson da Silva , Silio Luis Felipe , Rodrigues Marcelo Francisco , Maneschy Mariela de Santana , Guedes Uebister Igor Dos Santos , Cavaco Paulo Manuel Barreiro , Abdalla Pedro Pugliesi , Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros
Published: April 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi evidenciar os efeitos cronológicos degenerativos na vida do ser humano, e os benefícios promovidos pela musculação nesses aspectos. Método: Este é um estudo de revisão narrativa e de caráter explicativo. Resultados: Pode se concluir que o a musculação (treinamento de força) o de atuar na prevenção de várias doenças como; osteoporose levando ao aumento da densidade mineral e saúde óssea. Outro fator é a tensão correta exercida na musculatura, nos tendões, ligamentos e ossos conectados ao músculo, estes tornam o sistema locomotor mais robusto, reduzindo dores articulares, além de combater as doenças hipocinéticas. Conclusão: A prática de diferentes exercício físico está evidente no tratamento de doenças acarretadas pela idade e na possibilidade de sua prevenção/atenuação.
Locally Sourced Charcoal Removes Excess Fe from Seawater - Effect of Sorbent Size on the Adsorption Properties
Authors: Adelodun Adedeji , Akinbobola Ebenezer , Afolabi Nasifudeen O.
Published: April 2022

The status quo of the iron (Fe) concentration in the seawater (0.55 mg/L) of the Araromi coastal area in Nigeria exceeds the permissible limit set by the World Health Organization (WHO; 0.3 mg/L) for drinking water. To lower the Fe content, the adsorption potential of locally sourced mangrove wood-based charcoal (WC) with three particle sizes (0.38dp, 1.18dp, and 2.00dp) was investigated, where dp means particle diameter in mm, under varied parameters (dosages, contact time, and temperature). The adsorption efficiency (ζ) improved with an increase in each parameter. The WC with a particle size of 0.38dp evinced the highest ζ (91.0%, 88.8%, and 81.1%) under the parameters of 60 g/L dosage, 50 min of contact time, and 60 °C of temperature, respectively. Generally, the ζ followed the order of 0.38dp > 1.18dp > 2.00dp. Through modeling, 0.38dp WC would achieve an ζ of 100% if the dosage, contact time, and temperature were 4.04 g/L, 56 min, and 81.2 °C, respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption favored the Freundlich model (R2 = 0.893 – 0.999) over the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.558 – 0.994), fitting pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.974 – 0.992) rather than pseudo-first-order (R2 = 0.804 – 0.989) kinetics. Also, the predominance of chemisorption over physisorption was established by the enthalpy change value (ΔH = 19.05 – 40.47 kJ/mol). The Fe adsorption was thermodynamically feasible (ΔG = -10.3 – -7.3 kJ/mol) and endothermic, confirming the positive linearity between ζ and temperature. Consequently, low-cost, readily available WC was effective in lowering the Fe levels in seawater to a potable level.
Potential of Hydrogel Acemannan Aloe Vera (Aloe vera) on Wound Healing After Tooth Extraction In vivo Via Regulation of Inflammatory Response
Authors: Muharraran Firdha , Gusbakti Rusip  , Rosa Paradita Dalimunthe
Published: April 2022

Background: Tooth extraction is a surgical procedure that involves hard tissue such as bone and soft tissue. Wounds on soft tissue are then followed by a healing process that occurs through three phases, namely the inflammatory phase, the proliferative phase, and the remodeling phase. Acemannan has the ability to stimulate hematopoiesis and antioxidant effects. Acemannan is able to reduce inflammation through prostaglandin synthesis and increase leukocyte infiltration and play a significant role in the oral wound healing process.

Methods: This study is an in vivo experimental study. A total of 30 rats (5 each/group) were divided into groups that received 1%, 2%, 4%, 8%, povidone-iodine, and carbopol acemannan Aloe vera hydrogel. Furthermore, the number of macrophage cells in the tissue after tooth extraction was assessed. Data analysis was carried out with the help of SPSS with ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests.

Results: There was a significant difference between the application of acemannan 1% hydrogel and 4% acemannan hydrogel, 8%, povidone-iodine, and carbopol, between the application of acemannan 2% hydrogel 4% acemannan hydrogel, 8%, povidone-iodine and carbopol, applications acemannan hydrogel 8% with carbopol, and between povidone-iodine and carbopol (p≤0.05).

Conclusion: Acemannan Aloe vera hydrogel is able to accelerate wound healing after tooth extraction in vivo by suppressing macrophage cell activity.
THE CASE STUDY METHOD AS ONE OF THE METHODS OF FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING MATHEMATICS
Authors:   Samara State Transport University, Arkhipova N.A. , Evdokimova N.N. , Maksimov V.V. , Rudina T.V. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: April 2022

The presented article describes the case study method as one of the methods for the formation of professional competencies used in the study of higher mathematics. The relevance of the proposed method is due to modern requirements for the level of training of future specialists, the need to develop their professional competencies not only in the study of special disciplines. In this regard, there is a need to organize professionally oriented training in higher mathematics at a technical university. The purpose of this study is to scientifically substantiate and describe the presented model of the process of teaching mathematics in a railway university based on a case study. The scientific novelty of the research results lies not only in the development of case-tasks for teaching mathematics at a technical university based on the idea of the unity of fundamental and applied, but also in the fact that using the case-study method we determine the level of formation of professional competencies of future railway transport specialists. The application of the method under consideration is carried out on the example of the study of higher mathematics by first-year students of the specialty 23.05.05 "Systems for ensuring the movement of trains" of the Samara State University of Railways. The presented case technology methodology can be used at the university when teaching not only mathematics, but also other disciplines of the natural science cycle for future engineers
ON THE ISSUE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CAREER GUIDANCE IN OBTAINING A PROFESSION AT A RAILWAY UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Samara State Transport University, Arkhipova N.A. , Evdokimova N.N. , Maksimov V.V. , Rudina T.V. , Stepnova N.S. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: April 2022

Currently, career guidance activities are not given enough attention. We believe that these activities should be carried out for students of general education schools, starting from the eighth grade, so that students have the opportunity for self-determination within their future profession. The paper shows the possibility of preparing a modern specialist for professional activity by means of higher mathematics, namely, the introduction of professionally oriented tasks into the learning process. Problems of this type are understood as mathematical problems with practical content, revealing the applications of mathematics in various areas of work, which prepares for a future profession. In addition, the professionally oriented tasks proposed by the authors can be used as an effective tool to increase motivation in the study of the discipline "Mathematics". The presented article describes the need for the use of professionally oriented tasks in the process of studying at a railway university on the example of studying mathematics when studying in the specialty 23.05.03 "Rolling stock of railways", specialization "Locomotives" at the Samara State University of Railway Communications. Since some of the graduates who graduated from a railway university in the specified specialty begin their professional activities as an assistant driver, we will dwell in more detail on the description of the profession of a driver, considering it from the point of view of the need to gain knowledge from a higher mathematics course.
A MODERN APPROACH TO IMPROVING THE PHYSICAL TRAINING OF CADETS IN THE SYSTEM OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Samara Law Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Kaznazcheev V.A.
Published: April 2022

The relevance of the presented article is due to the fact that currently the current system of physical education of cadets of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia needs certain improvements in order to improve their physical condition, which should be at a high level due to the specifics of their future professional activities. Based on this, the purpose of this study is to identify factors that negatively affect the physical training of cadets, as well as to determine methods and ways to combat them. The author comes to the conclusion that the process of physical improvement of cadets of educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia includes the improvement of their general physical condition, as well as the formation of related beliefs, needs, knowledge and skills in the course of the systematic implementation of actions and the impact of appropriate favorable conditions. At the same time, it should be noted that the achievement by cadets of the desired physical form depends not only on themselves, but also on the specific business qualities of the teacher, on his knowledge and experience, the ability to competently conduct training sessions and training in various sports, to sum up the results of the classes and competitions. , as well as a conscientious attitude to the performance of their official duties. Methodically correctly organized, such an academic discipline as the physical training of cadets of educational organizations of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, has a positive effect on the successful formation of a holistic professional preparedness of law enforcement officers.
"THE MAIN NERVE OF THE EPOCH": I.I. GARIN ABOUT F.M. DOSTOEVSKY
Authors:   Mordovia State University N.P. Ogareva, Voronina N.I.
Published: April 2022

Subject of the article: "The main nerve of the era": I.I. Garin about F.M. Dostoevsky. Object of the article: the experience of reading the monograph by I.I. Garin "The Many Faces of Dostoevsky". The goal of the project: to actualize for the scientific and educational world the versatility and multi-vision of Garin of the personality and work of Dostoevsky. Methodology of work: the phenomenon of Dostoevsky, as well as the phenomenon of Garin, are unique, inimitable and significant. This context of the study became possible with the help of cultural-philosophical and comparative-historical approaches, as well as cultural and literary methods of analysis. Results of the work: consideration of Garin's work about Dostoevsky, his ideas, thoughts, approaches and research methods as new, adequate to the content and worldview of the author of the style and genre, the peculiarities of the structure of the text (aphorism and mosaicism of fragments "charged with the power of human emotions"), unique meanings of biographical chronicles of Dostoevsky. This made it possible for Garin to fix the dominant literary and cultural-philosophical characteristics, to reveal the specifics of Dostoevsky's thinking and the ideas dominating in his work, in his own language, unlike the traditional one. Field of application of the results: dialogue, reflecting a new multi-level way of researching the writer's work, which becomes the basis for the formation of a new scientific paradigm that stimulates Garin's interest in comprehending innovative phenomena in the study of Dostoevsky's world and his personality. Conclusion: the scientific novelty of the project represents Garin's unique attempt to combine the seemingly incompatible: intellectual depth with artistry in revealing the image of the great writer. “Individually-special” style today, in the XXI century, manifests itself so multifaceted that it creates its own Garin world, which attracts scientists from different directions by revealing new facets of its own consciousness and the depth of the universal. Therefore, the study of the semantic context of Garin's work about Dostoevsky is important and significant, contributes to the enrichment of scientific and creative thought. The conclusions presented in the scientific review are reasoned and logical.
ENTELECHY OF CULTURE IN A BOOK OF POEMS BY A. SHATSKOV’S BOOK OF POEMS “TYUTCHEV’S SWANS”
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Dudareva M.A. , Grashchenkov N.V.
Published: April 2022

The object of the article is entelechy of culture. The subject is the entelechy of Russian artistic culture. The material for this article is represented by a new book of poetry by contemporary Russian poet A. Shatskov “Tyutchev’s Swans”. The focus of hermeneutic reconstruction is a cycle of poems from the book which presents swan symbolism in different variations. Great attention is paid to the problem of cultural entelechy which has a theoretical nature and at the same time is important for understanding the philosophical issues of creativity. The research methodology is based on the holistic ontological hermeneutic analysis aimed at highlighting the cultural potential of the given artwork, which makes it possible to approach the issues of creative process ontologically, to deepen the comprehension of the wordsmith’s views of genesis. The link between the concepts of “entelechy” and “apophaticism” is traced. Much attention is paid to the problem of cultural entelechy in the context of cultural transmission: not only the poetical prophetic gift is considered, but also the need to return to one’s roots, historiosophic perception of the past. The research results are presented through identification of the cultural potential of the book “Tyutchev’s Swans” for further study of entelechial problems in the artistic culture and national genesis. The research results can also be used in courses of modern Russian literature, culturology and philosophy.
ALEXANDRA BOSTROM – CHILDREN'S WRITER
Authors:   Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Zhurcheva O.V. , Andreeva L.A.
Published: April 2022

Тhe article attempts to indicate the place and significance of A.L. Bostrom as a children's writer of the late XIXth – early XXth centuries, and for the first time outlined ways to analyze the writer's works intended for children's reading, which inscribe a significant page in the history of children's literature in the region. Here we consider the poetics of her two books, which can be described as a book for girls "Two little Worlds", where the formation of the psychology and character of a little girl takes place under the influence of a change in the socio-cultural context; and a book for boys “How Yura gets to know the life of animals”, where the main element is the popularization and practical application of scientific knowledge about nature. In the process of studying regional literature, the need to popularize forgotten names became obvious, which includes the name of the writer A.L. Bostrom. Her work at one time met the needs for high-quality prose for children, and, most importantly, it was an example of a special, female "useful" writing for children. The manner of narration, the image of a woman as the first mentor of a small child, to some extent, should have served as a model for the behavior of enlightened parents.
Gut microbiota could modulate the effects of neuro-immune responses and memory traces via the gut-brain-immune axis in schizophrenia
Authors: Sawamura Haruka , Taniguchi Kurumi , Ikeda Yuka , Tsuji Ai , Kitagishi Yasuko , Matsuda Satoru
Published: April 2022

Altered immunity may have destructive consequences for the integrated central nervous system. This immune response often affects progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and/or psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. In particular, schizophrenia pathogenesis may be mediated by multiple neuro-immune interaction pathways. Gut microbiota might affect the brain and/or immune function. Significant machineries of immunity are commonly affected by the commensal gut microbiota. Therefore, schizophrenia may be connected with the gut-immune system. In addition, the brain and immune systems cooperate on multiple levels. The brain could save several pieces of information about specific inflammation in a body. This immunological memory named “engrams”, also called memory traces, could restore the initial disease state, which may help to explain key features of schizophrenia. Based on this concept, therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia could be the modification of the gut microbiota. Probiotics and/or fecal microbiota transplantation are now emerging as the most promising treatments for the modification. More consideration of the roles of gut microbiota will conduct the further development of immune-based therapeutics for the prevention and/or treatments of psychiatric disorders.
Pengaruh Produk, Harga Dan Iklan Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Pasta Gigi Pbpsodent Di Surabaya Timur
Authors: Indrawati Lilik
Published: April 2022

Nowadays, people are getting aware of the importance of keeping mouth and teeth healthy. One of the products which offer dental care is toothpaste which comes in many different brands. To understand better what their consumer want, therefore the producers of toothpaste make use the consumer behavior study so that their product is acceptable by their consumers. Toothpaste was first produced by Dresden Chemical Laboratory Lingner, which is now known as Lingner Werke AG in Germany in 1892. Back then toothpaste came in the form of mouthwash liquid. The most famous toothpaste in 1900 is "Odol" Mouthwash. It was largely used in Europe. (source: http://www.forum.otomotifnet.com/forum/showthread.php) It is the reason why in Indonesia, people knew toothpaste as "odol". It is the generic name used by the consumer to refer to any toothpaste. There are so many brands of toothpaste in market. That is a reason why PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. wants to know what variables can influence the consumers' decision in buying toothpaste, and therefore increasing the demand of Pepsodent. The objective of the study is to find out whether variables such as price, product and commercial can partially and simultaneously influence the consumers' decision to buy Pepsodent in East Surabaya. The hypothesis of the study is the variables of price, product and commercial would partially, simultaneously and significantly influence the decision of the consumers in buying Pepsodent in East  Surabaya. The result of the study is obtained using Slovin formula with Random Sampling. The data analysis technique used in this study is a double linier regression analysis. It is concluded that variable product (X1), variable price (X2) and variable commercial (X3) partially and simultaneously give a significant influence towards the consumers' decision in buying Pepsodent in East Surabaya. This result is acceptable because the first hypothesis F count (60,280) > F table (2. 70) and the second hypothesis thot is variable of product, price and commercial partially will give significant influence towards the consumers' decision in buying Pepsodent in East Surabaya. The result of partial test variable of product (X1) t count (4,416) > t table ( 1,985) so HO is rejected and H1 is accepted, that means product (X1) gives significant influence towards the decision in buying. The result of partial test variable of price (X2) t count (4,727) > t table (1,985), so HO is rejected and H1 is accepted, that means price (X2) gives significant influence towards the decision in buying. The result of partial test variable of commercial (X3) t count (7,877) > t table ( 1,985), so HO is rejected and H1 is accepted that means commercial (X3) gives significant influence towards decision in buying. The most dominant influence towards the decision in buying is commercial. It is showed by the result of partial determination coefficient (0,393 or 39,3%); which is the higher compared to other free variables.
Verfahren zur Reduktion der Ergebnisstreuung zur Ermittlung realistischer Lehr’scher Dämpfungsmaße von Eisenbahnbrücken – Teil 1: Methoden im Frequenzbereich/Methods for reducing the output scatter of results for determining realistic damping factors of railway bridges – Part 1: methods in the frequency range
Authors: Stollwitzer Andreas , Fink Josef , Mohamed Ezzat
Published: April 2022

Ein realitätsnahes Lehr’sches Dämpfungsmaß ist eine wichtige Eingangsgröße für eine dynamische Beurteilung von Eisenbahnbrücken. Aufgrund normativer Vorgaben in Form von sehr konservativen Dämpfungsmaßen zeigt sich bei Vergleichen zwischen Messung und Berechnung (bzw. Norm) häufig eine erhebliche Diskrepanz, wodurch der Bedarf an dynamischen Messungen an Bestandsobjekten steigt. In diesem Beitrag werden als Erweiterung zum Stand der Technik Methoden und Analysewerkzeuge zur Ermittlung von realistischen Lehr’schen Dämpfungsmaßen auf Basis von Messdaten in Form eines Amplitudenfrequenzganges vorgestellt. Die praktische Vorgehensweise zur Dämpfungsermittlung wird exemplarisch anhand einer Eisenbahnbrücke gezeigt, wobei sich herausstellt, dass die Ergebnisstreuung nicht nur in den unterschiedlichen Auswertemethoden, sondern insbesondere in der Handlungsweise der versuchsauswertenden Person begründet liegt. Letztendlich wird eine Vorgangsweise für die Ermittlung eines Lehr’schen Dämpfungsmaßes auf Basis eines In-situ-Versuches formuliert, um die Streuung der Ergebnisse zu reduzieren.
Determining the value of preferred goods based on consumer demand in a home-cage based test for mice
Authors: Kahnau Pia , Jaap Anne , Diederich Kai , Gygax Lorenz , Rudeck Juliane , Lewejohann Lars
Published: April 2022

From the preference of one good over another, the strength of the preference cannot automatically be inferred. While money is the common denominator to assess the value of goods in humans, it appears difficult at first glance to put a price tag on the decisions of laboratory animals. Here we used consumer demand tests to measure how much work female mice expend to obtain access to different liquids. The mice could each choose between two liquids, one of which was free. The amount of work required to access the other liquid, by contrast, increased daily. In this way, the value of the liquid can be determined from a mouse's microeconomic perspective. The unique feature is that our test was carried out in a home-cage based setup. The mice lived in a group but could individually access the test-cage, which was connected to the home-cage via a gate. Thereby the mice were able to perform their task undisturbed by group members and on a self-chosen schedule with minimal influence by the experimenter. Our results show that the maximum number of nosepokes depends on the liquids presented. Mice worked incredibly hard for access to water while a bitter-tasting solution was offered for free whereas they made less nosepokes for sweetened liquids while water was offered for free. The results demonstrate that it is possible to perform automated and home-cage based consumer demand tests in order to ask the mice not only what they like best but also how strong their preference is.
Waiting for baseline stability in single-case designs: Is it worth the time and effort?
Authors: Lanovaz Marc J. , Primiani Rachel
Published: April 2022

Researchers and practitioners often use single-case designs (SCDs), or n-of-1 trials, to develop and validate novel treatments. Standards and guidelines have been published to provide guidance as to how to implement SCDs, but many of their recommendations are not derived from the research literature. For example, one of these recommendations suggests that researchers and practitioners should wait for baseline stability prior to introducing an independent variable. However, this recommendation is not strongly supported by empirical evidence. To address this issue, we used Monte Carlo simulations to generate graphs with fixed, response-guided, and random baseline lengths while manipulating trend and variability. Then, our analyses compared the type I error rate and power produced by two methods of analysis: the conservative dual-criteria method (a structured visual aid) and a support vector classifier (a model derived from machine learning). The conservative dual-criteria method produced fewer errors when using response-guided decision-making (i.e., waiting for stability) and random baseline lengths. In contrast, waiting for stability did not reduce decision-making errors with the support vector classifier. Our findings question the necessity of waiting for baseline stability when using SCDs with machine learning, but the study must be replicated with other designs and graph parameters that change over time to support our results.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Salens for the Preparation of Co-Salen Complexes and Their Catalytic Evaluation for the Synthesis of α-Aryloxy Alcohols via Asymmetric Phenolic Kinetic Resolution of Terminal Epoxide
Authors: Zuo Shengli , Zheng Shuxiang , Liu Jianjun , Zuo Ang
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we report the mechanochemical synthesis of unsymmetrical salens using grinding and ball milling technologies, respectively, both of which were afforded in good yield. The chelating effect of unsymmetrical salens with zinc, copper, and cobalt was studied and the chiral Co-salen complex (2f) yielded upto 98%. Hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR) of epichlorohydrin with water catalyzed by 2f was explored and resulted in 98% in ee, suggesting 2f could serve as an enantioselective catalyst for the asymmetric ring-opening of phenols to terminal epoxides. A library of α-aryloxy alcohols (3) was thereafter synthesized in good yield and great ee using 2f via the phenolic KR of epichlorohydrin.
Membangun Kesadaran dalam Mendukung Keberlangsungan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Sebagai Upaya untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Hidup Perempuan
Authors: Firdawsyi Nuzula  , Oktaviana Maulida Nurfazriah , Purwitaningtyas Rizki Yulia
Published: April 2022

Kesadaran dan kepedulian masyarakat tentang pemberian ASI eksklusif masih cukup rendah di Indonesia. Pentingnya dukungan keluarga dan orang sekitar dinilai sangat signifikan untuk membantu meningkatkan motivasi bagi ibu-ibu untuk memberikan ASI secara eksklusif pada bayinya sampai usia 6 bulan guna untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup ibu dan bayinya. Tujuan dari PKM adalah 1) meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang ASI eksklusif, 2) meningkatkan keterampilan perawatan payudara, 3) meningkatkan keterampilan pijat laktasi, 4) meningkatkan keterampilan menyediakan dan menyajikan ASIP. Khalayak sasaran PKM adalah kelompok ibu-ibu yang mempunyai anak balita dengan usia 0-6 bulan dan ibu-ibu hamil pada trimester tiga. Metode PKM yaitu bekerjasama dengan dinas terkait, untuk menginformasikan diadakannya PKM tentang ASI Eksklusif. Hasil kegiatan PKM adalah 1) Pengetahuan Ibu tentang pentingnya ASI Eksklusif baik 84%, pengetahuan pijat oksitosin baik 79%, pengetahuan memerah ASI, menyimpan serta menyiapkan ASIP baik 89%, 2) Keterampilan dalam melakukan perawatan payudara baik 89%, 3) Keterampilan dalam melakukan pijat laktasi baik 95%, 4) Keterampilan dalam menyediakan dan menyajikan ASIP baik 90%. Pengetahuan dan ketarampilan ibu tentang ASI Eklusif salah satu faktor terpenting yang mempengaruhi tumbuh kembang anak, mengoptimalkan perkembangan saraf otak, memberikan zat-zat kekebalan terhadap penyakit dan mewujudkan ikatan emosional antara ibu dan bayinya. Luaran PKM adalah 1) Buku/modul PKM “Pedoman ASI Eksklusif”, 2) Artikel Ilmiah. Kesimpulan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat semua ibu dapat memberikan ASI Eksklusif kepada bayinya minimal hingga usia bayi 6 bulan Saran perlu adanya tindak lanjut dan monitoring pengetahuan dan perilaku ibu-ibu dalam memberikan ASI eksklusif kepada bayinya.
Peningkatan Berbahasa Inggris Melalui Storytelling di TPQ Al Kautsar 1
Authors: Hidayah Arini , Purnomo Budi , Cahyaningrum Ika Oktaria , Susylowati Eka
Published: April 2022

Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang berjudul peningkatan berbahasa Inggris melalui storytelling di TPQ Al Kautsar 1 adalah memberikan pelatihan storytelling agar meningkatkan pemahaman berbahasa Inggris pada santri TPQ Al Kautsar 1. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh santri adalah para santri belum pernah mendapatkan materi storytelling agama yang diajarkan di TPQ Al Kautsar 1. Langkah yang dilakukan adalah melakukan serangkaian kegiatan pelatihan storytelling kepada mahasiswa untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada santri TPQ Al Kautsar 1. Kesimpulan hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah terdapat peningkatan pemahaman berbahasa Inggris dalam memahami storytelling pada santri TPQ Al Kautsar 1. Indikasi peningkatan pemahaman berbahasa Inggris ada 10 santri TPQ Al Kautsar 1 terlihat peningkatan berdasarkan observasi yang dilakukan oleh tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat.
Skill Upgrading untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Siswa dan Guru Di SMK Kristen Petra
Authors: Wicaksono Handy , Sugiarto Indar , Valentina Tience Debora
Published: April 2022

Kompetensi siswa dan guru SMK Kristen Petra perlu ditingkatkan untuk dapat menghadapi tantangan di masa mendatang. Setelah melakukan persiapan, pelatihan soft skill (dengan tema: pentingnya tanggung jawab dan berani menghadapi tantangan) dan hard skill (terkait pemrograman Programmable Logic Controller – PLC) dilakukan secara online, diikuti dengan penyerahan training kit PLC serta pendampingan untuk peserta (guru) yang akan mengikuti sertifikasi kompetensi bidang PLC. Para peserta menilai pelatihan – pelatihan tadi bermanfaat dan tepat sasaran untuk meningkatkan tanggungjawab dan keberanian menerima tantangan (53.3 % sangat setuju, dan 46.7 % setuju) serta untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan skill dalam pemrograman PLC (46.7 % sangat setuju, 46.7 % setuju). Sebuah training kit PLC juga telah dihibahkan ke SMK Kristen Petra untuk media eksperimen di sekolah. Pelatihan dan pendampingan terbukti efektif karena dua orang guru yang telah mengikuti pelatihan berhasil mendapatkan sertifikat dari BNSP setelah melalui uji kompetensi.
Poéticas de la muerte: la oda fúnebre en Ferreira y Medrano
Authors: BARRO SOLEDAD PÉREZ-ABADÍN
Published: April 2022

La muerte constituye la materia de algunas odas de Horacio (I 24, II 3, II 9, II 14, IV 7), planteadas desde la perspectiva del consejero que emite una consolatio o reflexiona sobre la caducidad con el hedonismo característico de su código ético. António Ferreira (II 2, II 4) y Francisco de Medrano (III 14, II 8, I 2) han adaptado con diverso grado de fidelidad esos poemas, acomodando topoi e ideas a las propias circunstancias. El paso del tiempo y el carácter inexorable de la muerte se reiteran tanto en las consolationes ad hominem como en los poemas meditativos sobre la condición humana. La virtud y la trascendencia, el disfrute del instante o la resignación alternan como soluciones que recibe el destinatario para aceptar la pérdida o superar el temor a la muerte.
Testing the Linearity of Vector Fields in Cold and Dense Space Plasmas
Authors: Liu Y. Y. , Wang Z. , Chen G. , Yu Y. , Guo Z. Z. , Xiong X.
Published: April 2022

Linearization of the vector field, as a common multispacecraft data analysis technique, has been widely used in (1) reconstruction of three-dimensional magnetic and velocity fields, (2) predictions of the possible topologies of linear fields, especially for the magnetic null-point classification, and (3) other data analysis techniques, such as the curlometer technique. However, the length scale of validity of the linear approximation in space plasmas is still an open question. In this study, we utilize the frozen-in condition as the criterion to estimate the accuracy of the linear method. We derive the linearization error theoretically, and find that the frozen-in condition cannot be satisfied everywhere in the linearly reconstructed fields as long as the fields have nonzero spatial gradients. This indicates that the use of the linear method must be treated with caution. We further investigate the length scale of validity of the linear method in space plasmas by utilizing the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission data. Through two case studies and statistical analysis, we demonstrate that the linear approximation is acceptable at a length scale of, on average, 1.1 ion inertial lengths in the solar wind/magnetosheath, while in the magnetosphere the linear method exhibits great uncertainties. This study provides the theoretical basis for the application of the linear method in space plasmas.
Conducted electromagnetic emissions of compact fluorescent lamps and electronic ballast modeling
Authors: Yeshalem Mulualem T. , Khan Baseem , Mahela Om Prakash
Published: April 2022

The higher frequency electromagnetic (EM) emission in low voltage power systems is rising continuously due to the increasing use of modern electronic devices. The electronic ballast of a compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) is one of the sources of conducted EM emission in the power system. Conducted EM emission measurements are performed on compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) in the range of 2–150 kHz and compared with simulation results. The LTSpice simulation of typical 11W compact fluorescent lamps is used to analyze the measured values. Comparisons are made in both the time and frequency domains. The EMI filter in the ballast circuit can reduce the level of high-frequency EM emission. However, in order to get a more accurate result, it is necessary to find out the main cause of conducted EM emission in the ballast circuit, as the HF distortion spreads through the LV network in current signal between electronic devices.
A note on three different contractions in partially ordered complex valued $ G_b $-metric spaces
Authors: Li Yiquan , Zhu Chuanxi , Xiao Yingying , Zhou Li
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we introduce the complex valued $ C^{p} $-class function, a type of Geraghty contraction and a type of JS contraction in complete partially ordered complex valued $ G_b $-metric spaces, prove three fixed point theorems in this space, and also we give some examples to support our results.
Maximum likelihood DOA estimation based on improved invasive weed optimization algorithm and application of MEMS vector hydrophone array
Authors: Wang Peng , Huang Jiajun , He Weijia , Zhang Jingqi , Guo Fan
Published: April 2022

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation based on Maximum Likelihood is a common method in array signal processing, with many practical applications, but the huge amount of calculation limits the practical application. To deal with such an Maximum Likelihood (ML) DOA estimation problem, firstly, the DOA estimation model with ML for acoustic vector sensor array is developed, where the optimization standard in various cases can be unified by converting the maximum of objective function to the minimum. Secondly, based on the Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) method which is a novel biological evolutionary algorithm, a new Improved IWO (IIWO) algorithm for DOA estimation of the acoustic vector sensor array is proposed by using ML estimation. This algorithm simulates weed invasion process for DOA estimation by adjusting the non-linear harmonic exponent of IWO algorithm adaptively. The DOA estimation accuracy has been improved, and the computation of multidimensional nonlinear optimization for the ML method has been greatly reduced in the IIWO algorithm. Finally, compared with Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE) method and Tuna Swarm Optimization(TSO) algorithm, numerical simulations show that the proposed algorithm has faster convergence rate, improved accuracy in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), lower computational complexity and more robust estimation performance for ML DOA estimation. The experiment with tracking the orientation of the motorboat by Microelectronic mechanical systems (MEMS) vector hydrophone array shows the superior performance of proposed IIWO algorithm in engineering application. Therefore, the proposed ML-DOA estimation with IIWO algorithm can take into account both resolution and computation. which can meet the requirements of real-time calculation and estimation accuracy in the actual environment.
Microscopic observations of sites and forms of ettringite in the microstructure of deteriorated concrete
Authors: Ando Y. , Shinichi H. , Katayama T. , Torii K.
Published: April 2022

The determination of delayed ettringite formation (DEF) in hardened concrete relying simply on the identification of ettringite by electron microscopy or powder X-ray diffractometry can be imperfect because of the high risk of missing other possible deterioration phenomena. The presence of ettringite can be easily biased as an indication of DEF while the actual cause of deterioration is ASR. This paper identifies the deterioration causes and presents different ettringite formation factors based on the petrological observation results. The experiments conditions including depth of carbonation, mix proportions of concrete, curing temperature and others were considered. The deterioration of the samples seem to be correlated to ASR, except for the precast concrete product which presented DEF. In order to determine the deterioration causes and demonstrate the importance of petrological approach, different observations using the same methods were carried out on a concrete specimen blended with fly ash showing some cracks.
On NeutroQuadrupleRings
Authors: Ibrahim Muritala Abiodun , Abdul Akeem Agboola Adesina , Hassan-Ibrahim Zulaihat , Adeleke Emmanuel O.
Published: April 2022

In an attempt to generalize and create alternatives for classical algebraic structures, Smarandache in 2019 introduced the idea of treating binary operations on sets as partially well (totally outer) defined with axioms that are partially true (totally false) and even indeterminate for some elements of any given algebraic structure. The structures formed with these types of operations called Neutro(Anti) Operations are called Neutro(Anti) Structures and are named according to the axioms that are neutro(anti)-sophicated. In this chapter, the authors consider some properties of neutrosophic quadruple numbers with examples. In particular, they introduce and study the concept of NeutroQuadrupleRings and their substructures. Some basic definitions and a few important results are presented. It is shown that the intersection and union of any two NeutroQuadrupleSubrings of a particular class does not necessarily belong to the same class. Also, they give a necessary and sufficient condition for a neutrosophic quadruple ring (NQ(X), +, ·) to be a NeutroQuadrupleRing.
Social Innovation and Cultural Tourism
Authors: Pitarch-Garrido Maria D.
Published: April 2022

The main objective of this chapter is to explain and understand how the enhancement of culture for the development of tourism is approached through processes of social innovation as a new form of social action that is capable of transforming the frameworks of action and proposing new formulas for the development of cultural tourist destinations. Initiatives classified as social innovation are characterised by mobilising local and external resources to change the logic of collective action and provide new responses to common problems. It is based on citizen participation, shared leadership, co-creation of knowledge, initiatives, and policies. Cultural heritage is understood in this way as linked to the society that generated it, maintains it, and gives it its own identity. The tourist using this heritage must favour its conservation and sustainability. This chapter aims to review the literature concerning social innovation in tourism and good practices in order to generate a theoretical basis so that the social innovation processes already validated can be replicated in other countries.
A New Framework for Tourism Sustainability and Its Prototyping in Pilot Areas
Authors: Martins João Carlos , Almeida Claudia Ribeiro de , Gonçalves Alexandra
Published: April 2022

This chapter highlights the research-action practices developed under the Phase 4 of the Interreg BEST MED Project (Beyond European Sustainable Tourism Med Path, Grant Number: 5987), “Testing.” In this project, stage was determinant to prototype and test the best practices towards sustainability, developed by the project's partners, detailing its achievements towards Mediterranean tourism sustainability, resulting from the ground-level operationalization of a theoretical and methodological framework. Here stakeholder participation is determinant to achieve breakthrough advances on more enduring and resilient touristic territories, addressing seasonality and lack of cooperation among tourist actors. This data gathering was developed among public officials, private operators, academics, third sector associations, and citizens in eight Mediterranean areas. Despite the common sustainable and cultural path model, different outputs were found from the participation and auscultation practices.
Moving Towards Sustainable Cultural Tourism Experiences
Authors: Mendonça Vânia , Renda Ana Isabel , M. Silva de Matos Nelson
Published: April 2022

This research analyses the stakeholders' perception of the development of sustainable cultural tourism experiences. A case study is presented; the chosen place is a council in the Algarve, South Portugal, a mature destination, where the sun and beach are the main attraction. A qualitative approach was used through interviews with key stakeholders, directly and indirectly involved in tourism. The multidimensional analysis shows the relevant findings on how the stakeholders perceive their cultural resources and offer. The concepts of cultural identity, authenticity, cultural preservation, community well-being, pride, and community empowerment emerged, especially through their intangible cultural heritage. It was observed that stakeholders consider local people as their most important cultural resource. Thus, they are also the source of unique, meaningful, and memorable cultural and sustainable experiences.