bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Kreativitas Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Melalui Pemanfaatan Barang Bekas Anorganik
Authors: Aulia Syifa , Suzanti Lizza , Deni Widjayatri RR
Published: January 2025

Kreativitas anak usia dini ditandai oleh kemampuan mengembangkan imajinasi, mengeksplorasi ide, solusi dan cara pandang dalam menyelesaikan tugas atau masalah. Peran kreativitas tidak bisa diabaikan, perlu adanya aksi dalam menghadapi tantangan yang semakin kompleks di abad 21.  Setiap anak memiliki kreativitas alami dan tentu saja perlu dikembangkan sejak  dini, sehingga  membutuhkan  rangsangan/dorongan  yang tepat untuk  berkembang dapat melalui media barang bekas anorganik. Barang bekas anorganik botol plastik menjadi rekomendasi yang baik karena dinilai ekonomis dan melalui bentuk tersebut anak akan berimajinasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pengembangan kreativitas anak melalui pemanfaatan barang bekas anorganik. Subyek penelitian 10 anak, usia 5-6 tahun. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi dan dokumentasi. Adapun teknik analisis data yang diperoleh meliputi data reduction, data display, dan data conclusion drawing/verification. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa menggunakan barang bekas anorganik sebagai pengganti media kreatif, secara signifikan dapat mendukung perkembangan kreativitas anak usia dini. Anak-anak yang terlibat dalam kegiatan kreatif dengan menggunakan barang bekas menunjukkan peningkatan dalam kemampuan berpikir kreatif, fleksibilitas, keaslian ide, dan kemampuan mengelaborasi detail karya mereka.
Strategi Bermain Peran Mitigasi Bencana dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Kesadaran Bencana pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Ode Karmila Indalestari Wa , Diana Diana , Kurniawati Sugiyono Pranoto Yuli
Published: January 2025

Pendidikan mitigasi bencana sejak dini, khususnya melalui strategi bermain peran, memiliki potensi signifikan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman dan pengetahuan anak usia dini tentang kesiapsiagaan menghadapi bencana alam. Dengan memberdayakan anak sejak dini, diharapkan dapat tumbuh generasi yang tangguh dan sadar bencana, serta membangun masyarakat yang lebih siap menghadapi risiko bencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas strategi bermain peran dalam pendidikan mitigasi bencana guna meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran bencana pada anak usia dini di lembaga PAUD Kota Kendari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode campuran (Mixed Methods), yang menggabungkan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, Angket dan dokumentasi. Sampel penelitian ini di TK Negeri 11 Kendari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (a) Pembelajaran mitigasi bencana di TK Negeri 11 Kendari berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran anak tentang bencana, keterampilan kolaborasi, komunikasi, dan pemahaman mengenai bencana alam serta langkah pencegahannya. (b) Strategi bermain peran dalam pembelajaran mitigasi bencana di TK Negeri 11 Kendari terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman kesadaran anak terhadap bencana. Rata-rata nilai (mean) meningkat dari 2,00 pada pre-test menjadi 2,87 pada post-test, dengan analisis uji hipotesis menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan secara statistik, sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima.
Implementasi Metode Bercerita Berbasis Nilai-Nilai Karakter Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Rahmah Jesika , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah
Published: January 2025

Metode bercerita berbasis nilai-nilai karakter sangat penting diterapkan untuk membentuk karakter yang baik pada anak sesuai dengan ajaran agama Islam. Berdasarkan observasi awal yang dilakukan di RA Fathun Qarib, peneliti menemukan bahwa para guru telah mengimplementasikan metode bercerita untuk membangun dan membentuk karakter positif pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis lebih dalam mengenai implementasi metode bercerita berbasis nilai-nilai karakter anak di RA Fathun Qarib. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yang melibatkan dua guru dari kelas A2 di RA Fathun Qarib Banda Aceh sebagai subjek penelitian. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan pedoman wawancara, kemudian dianalisis melalui tahapan penyajian data, reduksi data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi metode bercerita berbasis nilai-nilai karakter anak di RA Fathun Qarib dilakukan dengan menggunakan buku cerita sebagai media dan melibatkan sesi recalling di akhir kegiatan bercerita.  Berdasarkan data tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode bercerita telah diterapkan dengan baik di RA Fathun Qarib. Namun, masih perlu untuk ditingkatkan lagi baik dari segi penggunaan media maupun kesiapan guru dalam mengimplemetasikan metode ini, sehingga metode ini lebih efektif dan efisien dalam menyampaikan nilai-nilai karakter pada anak.
Determination of Promotion and Brand Image on Purchasing Decisions through Trust
Authors: Yosepha Sri Yanthy
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The purpose of this literature research is expected to build hypotheses regarding the influence between variables which can later be used for further research in the scope of marketing management. The literature review research article on the determination of promotion and brand image on purchasing decisions through trust is a scientific literature article within the scope of marketing management science. The approach used in this literature review research is descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique is to use literature studies or review relevant previous articles. The data used in this descriptive qualitative approach comes from previous research relevant to this research and is sourced from academic online media such as Thomson Reuters Journals, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Scopus Emerald, Elsevier, Sage, Web of Science, Sinta Journals, DOAJ, EBSCO, Google Scholar and digital reference books. In previous studies, 1 relevant previous article was used to review each independent variable. The results of this literature review article are: 1) Promotion affects Trust; 2) Brand Image affects Trust; 3) Promotion affects Purchasing Decisions; 4) Brand Image affects Purchasing Decisions; 5) Trust affects Purchasing Decisions; 6) Promotion affects Purchasing Decisions through Trust; and 7) Brand Image affects Purchasing Decisions through Trust.
 
Keywords: Trust, Purchase Decision, Promotion, Brand Image
The Influence of Location and Profit Sharing Level on Member’s Interest in Saving at KSPPS BMT UGT Nusantara Capem Tegaldlimo
Authors: Sholihah Rovikatus , Fikri Muhammad Kanzul
Published: January 2025

This study aims to understand how much influence the location and profit sharing system have on the interest of the community to join as members of BMT UGT Nusantara Tegaldlimo Branch. This type of research uses quantitative research with an explanatory research approach. The data source used is primary data in the form of data from distributing questionnaires to members of BMT UGT Nusantara Tegaldlimo branch. Sampling with random sampling amounted to 60 respondents. Data analysis used in this study is validity analysis, reliability, classical assumption test (partial t test, simultaneous f test, and determination test) with the help of SPSS 23 software. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that 1) Location partially has a significant effect on the interest of BMT UGT Nusantara Tegaldlimo branch members with a sig value of 0.00 <0.05; 2) profit sharing partially has a significant effect on the interest of BMT UGT Nusantara Tegaldlimo branch members with a sig value of 0.00 <0.05; 3) Location and profit sharing partially and simultaneously have a significant positive effect on the interest of BMT UGT Nusantara members in Tegaldlimo by 79.7%.
Interpretación de tratados: su aplicación en la sentencia en el caso de la controversia marítima entre el Perú y Chile.
Authors: Hernández Campos Augusto
Published: January 2025

La interpretación de tratados ocupa un lugar absolutamente relevante en el mantenimiento del orden jurídico internacional. Quizás las disposiciones más frecuentemente citadas de la Convención de Viena de Derecho de los Tratados (CVDT) son aquellas que tratan con la interpretación de tratados (i.e., los artículos 31 y 32 de la CVDT. Las reglas de interpretación contenidas en la Convención de Viena son de alguna manera diferentes de las reglas que aplicaría un tribunal de derecho interno de un Estado para interpretar un contrato o una ley. Uno de los problemas permanentes que afrontan los tribunales y abogados, ambos en las esferas nacional e internacional, se relaciona con la cuestión de la interpretación. Existen pocos tópicos en el derecho internacional que han dado lugar a una gran controversia doctrinal como es el tópico de interpretación. La pasión generada entre los juristas sobre este tema es tal que Sir Arnold McNair, Barón de McNair, celebérrimo académico y una de las máximas figuras de la doctrina más prestigiosa del Derecho de los Tratados, indicó que “no existe parte alguna del derecho de los tratados que llegue con más inquietud que la cuestión de la interpretación”.1 Lord McNair sugiere que la principal tarea de cualquier tribunal al que se le pide interpretar o aplicar un tratado es dar efecto a la intención expresada de las partes en las palabras usadas por ellas a la luz de las circunstancias del contexto.2 Así, una de las labores centrales de la Corte Internacional de Justicia es la relacionada con la interpretación de tratados. Una muestra reciente de la función de interpretación de la CIJ fue en el caso de la controversia territorial y marítima entre Nicaragua y Colombia y en el caso de la controversia marítima entre Perú y Chile. El objetivo del presente ensayo es analizar la aplicación del derecho de interpretación de tratados a la sentencia en el caso de la controversia fronteriza marítima entre Perú y Chile por parte de la Corte Internacional de Justicia. Para cumplir con tal finalidad, este artículo se ha dividido en las siguientes partes: en primer lugar, revisaremos el litigio sobre la delimitación marítima y las posiciones de las partes, seguidamente examinaremos la aplicación del derecho de interpretación a la Declaración de 1952 y después al Convenio de 1954, posteriormente estudiaremos la cuestión del acuerdo tácito, así como la extensión del límite marítimo tácito, y finalmente, revisaremos las cuestiones del alegado triangulo terrestre y del mar territorial de nuestra costa limítrofe.
BREXIT: ¿y ahora? Consecuencias jurídicas de la retirada del Reino Unido de la Unión Europea
Authors: Klein Vieira Luciane
Published: January 2025

La idea de dejar la condición de Estado miembro de la Unión Europea (en adelante, UE) no es algo inédito para el Reino Unido. De hecho, la historia nos cuenta que el 5 de junio de 1975 se hizo un referendo convocado por el gobierno británico, que en el aquel entonces consultó la población respecto a la permanencia o salida de la Comunidad Económica Europea. En esta ocasión, el 67% de los votantes indicó el deseo de permanecer en el bloque europeo. Como se pudo observar, las dudas respecto a seguir o abandonar la estructura supranacional generada a partir de la integración europea, han asolado el Estado referido desde hace algunas décadas y han vuelto a estar presentes en el escenario de la actualidad.
controversia en el mar de China meridional
Authors: Hernández Campos Augusto
Published: January 2025

Las controversias en el Mar de China Meridional involucran reclamos territoriales (sobre las Islas Spratly y las Islas Paracel principalmente) y marítimos (de Zona Económica Exclusiva y Plataforma Continental) de diversos Estados, incluyendo Taiwán, China, Vietnam, Malasia, Indonesia, Brunei y Filipinas. Este mar es muy importante debido al alto tráfico marítimo comercial internacional que atraviesan sus aguas. Los Estados no reclamantes con gran interés internacional exigen la libertad de navegación, como EE.UU. y la India. Agrava la disputa el hecho de que existan en sus aguas grandes depósitos de petróleo y de gas natural. La finalidad del presente ensayo será presentar el conflicto actual en relación con los reclamos sobre delimitación marítima y soberanía de los archipiélagos del Mar de China Meridional.
capitalidad de Jerusalén y su incidencia en los Derechos Humanos
Authors: Álvarez Vita Juan
Published: January 2025

Deseo, ante todo, expresar mi agradecimiento por la invitación que se me ha formulado para participar en este evento de tanta importancia para la humanidad como lo atestigua la gran cantidad de países aquí representados y de expertos en temas de derechos humanos. El tema de la capitalidad de Jerusalén es de interés universal porque mientras no se llegue a un buen entendimiento sobre este delicado punto, los seres humanos no podremos gozar de la paz y no serán realizables todos nuestros derechos. El tiempo asignado para tratar tan complejo problema es notoriamente insuficiente como para abordarlo en su plenitud. El mundo entero mira hacia Jerusalén, ciudad santa para el judaísmo, el cristianismo y el islam, más aún cuando el presidente de los Estados Unidos de América ha señalado que la embajada de su país se trasladará de Tel-Aviv a Jerusalén. Guatemala ha seguido sus pasos y el caso ha sido sometido al Tribunal Constitucional de ese país pues muchos consideran que se ha violado la Constitución. ¿Cómo afectará esa decisión al goce efectivo de los derechos humanos? Esta breve ponencia intenta exponer algunos criterios.
The Spatial Distribution of Globular Cluster Systems in Early-type Galaxies: Estimation Procedure and Catalog of Properties for Globular Cluster Systems Observed with Deep Imaging Surveys
Authors: Lim Sungsoon , Peng Eric W. , Côté Patrick , Ferrarese Laura , Roediger Joel C. , Liu Chengze , Spengler Chelsea , Sola Elisabeth , Duc Pierre-Alain , Sales Laura V. , Blakeslee John P. , Cuillandre Jean-Charles , Durrell Patrick R. , Emsellem Eric , Gwyn Stephen D. J. , Lançon Ariane , Marleau Francine R. , Mihos J. Christopher , Müller Oliver , Puzia Thomas H. , Sánchez-Janssen Rubén
Published: January 2025

We present an analysis of the spatial distribution of globular cluster (GC) systems of 118 nearby early-type galaxies in the Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey and Mass Assembly of early-Type GaLAxies with their fine Structures survey programs, which both used MegaCam on the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope. We describe the procedure used to select GC candidates and fit the spatial distributions of GCs to a two-dimensional Sérsic function, which provides effective radii (half number radii) and Sérsic indices, and estimate background contamination by adding a constant term to the Sérsic function. In cases where a neighboring galaxy affects the estimation of the GC spatial distribution in the target galaxy, we fit two two-dimensional Sérsic functions, simultaneously. We also investigate the color distributions of GCs in our sample by using Gaussian mixture modeling. For GC systems with bimodal color distributions, we divide the GCs into blue and red subgroups and fit their respective spatial distributions with Sérsic functions. Finally, we measure the total number of GCs based on our fitted Sérsic function, and calculate the GC specific frequency.
Hinode EIS: Updated In-flight Radiometric Calibration
Authors: Del Zanna G. , Weberg M. J. , Warren H. P.
Published: January 2025

We present an update to the in-flight radiometric calibration of the Hinode Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS), revising and extending our previous studies. We analyze full-spectral EIS observations of quiet Sun (QS) and active regions (ARs) from 2007 until 2022. Using CHIANTI version 10, we adjust the EIS relative effective areas for a selection of dates with emission measure analyses of off-limb QS. We find generally good agreement (within typically ±15%) between measured and expected line intensities. We then consider selected intensity ratios for all of the dates and apply an automatic fitting method to adjust the relative effective areas. To constrain the absolute values from 2010 and later, we force agreement between EIS and Solar Dynamics Observatory Atmospheric Imaging Assembly 193 Å observations. The resulting calibration, with an uncertainty of about ±20%, is then validated in various ways, including flare line ratios from Fe xxiv and Fe xvii, emission measure analyses of cool AR loops, and several density-dependent line ratios.
Twinkle: A GPU-based Binary-lens Microlensing Code with the Contour Integration Method
Authors: Wang Suwei , Wang Lile , Dong Subo
Published: January 2025

With the rapidly increasing rate of microlensing planet detections, microlensing modeling software faces significant challenges in computation efficiency. Here, we develop the Twinkle code, an efficient and robust binary-lens modeling software suite optimized for heterogeneous computing devices, especially GPUs. Existing microlensing codes have the issue of catastrophic cancellation that undermines the numerical stability and precision, and Twinkle resolves them by refining the coefficients of the binary-lens equation. We also devise an improved method for robustly identifying ghost images, thereby enhancing computational reliability. We have advanced the state of the art by optimizing Twinkle specifically for heterogeneous computing devices by taking into account the unique task and cache memory dispatching patterns of GPUs, while the compatibility with the traditional computing architectures of CPUs is still maintained. Twinkle has demonstrated an acceleration of approximately 2 orders of magnitude (≳102×) on contemporary GPUs. The enhancement in computational speed of Twinkle will translate to the delivery of accurate and highly efficient data analysis for ongoing and upcoming microlensing projects. Both GPU and CPU versions of Twinkle are open-source and publicly available.
Addressing Distribution Discrepancies in Pulsar Candidate Identification via Bayesian-neural-network-based Multimodal Incremental Learning
Authors: Liu Yi , Jin Jing , Zhao Hongyang , Wang Zhenyi , Shen Yi
Published: January 2025

With the advancement of astronomical observation technology and the substantial increase in data volume, traditional methods for pulsar identification are increasingly challenged by the dynamic nature of data distributions. To address this, our study introduces a multimodal incremental learning approach utilizing Bayesian neural networks. This method enables the model to adapt to new data distributions while preserving the knowledge of previous data. In our experiments, we utilized pulsar data sets from two telescopes and compared our new method with traditional techniques. The research results demonstrate that our method performs comparably to traditional methods across all evaluation metrics, while showing a significant improvement in handling data distribution discrepancy, with the F1-score increasing from approximately 70% to over 95%. Specifically, our model achieved an accuracy of 97.93%, a recall of 96.13%, and an F1-score of 97.02% under conditions of distributional disparities. These findings not only confirm the model's capability to adapt to dynamic data environments but also effectively address the challenges of data distribution discrepancy, significantly enhancing the predictive accuracy of pulsar identification in the context of evolving and variable radio frequency interference environments.
Ecological insights on the feeding behaviour of waterbirds in an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area of South West Johor Coast, Malaysia
Authors: Fauzi Nur Athirah , Munian Kaviarasu , Mahyudin Nur Aina Amira , Norazlimi Nor Atiqah
Published: January 2025

Mangroves and mudflats are essential intertidal habitats that support benthic communities, providing critical feeding grounds for waterbirds. However, the degradation of these habitats due to coastal reclamation poses significant threats to prey availability and waterbird populations along the South est Johor Coast. While most avian research in Johor focuses on forest birds, studies on coastal waterbirds, particularly their feeding ecology, remain scarce. Understanding the feeding ecology of waterbirds is crucial for strengthening conservation efforts in vulnerable intertidal habitats. This study investigated the feeding behaviour and diet composition of waterbirds along the South West Johor Coast, Malaysia. Fieldwork was conducted in three coastal mudflats from November 2020 to May 2021, employing the direct observation technique. A total of 576 hours of observation were recorded, averaging 2 hours and 19 minutes per focal observation. Of 17 waterbird species recorded, only 11 species were included in the analysis based on sufficient data. The results revealed that waterbirds primarily consumed fish, molluscs, worms, crabs and unidentified prey, with fish comprising 25% of their overall diet. Feeding behaviour varied significantly by morphology traits, with larger waterbirds demonstrating higher feeding efficiency. Despite lower feeding rates and shorter feeding durations, larger species had a greater percentage of successful feeding attempts, indicating their superior ability to meet energy requirements. These findings provide crucial baseline data for understanding waterbird feeding ecology and highlight the importance of conserving the intertidal habitats. This research contributes to the development of targeted conservation strategies for waterbirds in the Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA) of the South West Johor Coast, Malaysia, an area increasingly at risk from habitat degradation.
Étude diachronique et sémantique de voir dans les constructions dis voir, voyons voir, regarde voir
Authors: Gómez-Jordana Ferary Sonia
Published: January 2025

L’objectif de notre article est de retracer l’évolution des constructions verbales dis voir, voyons voir et regarde voir puis de nous interroger sur l’origine du voir présent dans les trois marqueurs. Ils font partie d’un paradigme de marqueurs formés sur un verbe à l’impératif à la première ou deuxième personne combiné à l’adverbe voir – regarde voir, voyons voir, dis voir mais aussi écoute voir, montre voir , etc. Sur la base d’un corpus réalisé à partir de bases de données textuelles – Frantext, Sketch Engine, Gallica ou theatreclassique.fr – nous proposerons une analyse distributionnelle et sémantique des trois marqueurs. Puis, nous vérifierons l’origine et le rôle joué par l’adverbe voir . Les trois locutions ont connu une évolution que nous expliquerons à la lumière de la théorie de la constructionnalisation.
Escalamiento de reactores nucleares. Un enfoque al modelado matemático
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México, Espinosa-Paredes Gilberto
Published: January 2025

En esta obra se presenta un nuevo paradigma para el modelado matemático de reactores nucleares, basado en un enfoque de escalamiento que parte de la escala del continuum y extiende el análisis hasta la escala completa del reactor. Este proceso de escalamiento del problema directo permite obtener coeficientes de transporte representativos de la escala del reactor, incorporando los efectos de las propiedades de transporte propias de la escala del continuum.

El escalamiento del reactor constituye un procedimiento matemático riguroso que puede derivar en modelos de flujos separados, con coeficientes de transporte específicos para cada escala. Estos coeficientes se obtienen mediante un formalismo matemático complejo que representa un desafío técnico, pero que ofrece la ventaja de posibilitar el desarrollo de correlaciones empíricas para aplicaciones prácticas directas.

El resultado final es un modelo matemático capaz de representar con precisión el comportamiento global del reactor, manteniendo un alto grado de resolución. Además, para incrementar el nivel de detalle en análisis específicos dentro del reactor, se propone un método heurístico de reducción de escala. Este enfoque utiliza información derivada de escalas mayores, comenzando a nivel de núcleo del reactor y avanzando hasta el ensamblaje de combustible, permitiendo un análisis detallado de elementos individuales, como un pin de combustible.
Le rôle des mouvements de jeunesse catholiques dans la fondation de l’équipe « presse jeune »
Authors: Boulaire Cécile
Published: January 2025

Au tournant des années 1950-1960, la Bonne presse entreprend une refonte en profondeur de ses publications périodiques pour la jeunesse et, pour cela, constitue un petit noyau de jeunes gens extérieurs au monde de la presse. Tous ont été formés par les mouvements de jeunesse de l’Action catholique, en particulier la JEC. Cet article essaie de déterminer de quelle manière l’éducation qu’ils ont reçue au sein de ces mouvements, extrêmement imprégnée de pastorale jésuite, les forme à l’action concrète, et de quelle manière ils injectent cet esprit dans les nouveaux titres de presse – d’abord Pomme d’Api, plus tard Okapi, Astrapi, J’aime lire… L’article s’appuie notamment sur des témoignages directs d’Yves et Mijo Becaria.
Le temps des affects : étude longitudinale des courriers de Notre temps (1968-2022)
Authors: Di Sciullo Flore
Published: January 2025

À partir d’une analyse des courriers de lecteurs et de lectrices publiés par Notre temps depuis sa création en 1968, et d’entretiens menées avec la rédactrice en chef et la responsable de la rubrique « Courriers », ce texte se penche sur l’expression des affects et leur encadrement par la rédaction du magazine. Son autrice observe d’une part les manières dont l’ethos du lecteur retraité s’expriment, d’autre part comment ce discours est accompagné et encadré par la rédaction. Elle analyse en particulier la façon dont ces courriers formulent des réclamations, qui sont en retour prises en charge par le périodique pour faire de la retraite un problème public.
La création d’une nouvelle marque éditoriale : Le Centurion (années 1950)
Authors: Sorel Patricia
Published: January 2025

Au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la Maison de La Bonne Presse peine à renouveler son catalogue et à faire face à la concurrence des autres éditeurs catholiques. Pour assurer son avenir, elle doit s’adresser à un public beaucoup plus large avec des ouvrages plus attractifs. La création des éditions du Centurion, en janvier 1953, marque cette volonté d’ouverture. Le lancement de plusieurs collections – notamment « Le Poids du jour » en 1953 – et la mise en place de nouveaux réseaux de diffusion doivent permettre de conquérir les masses populaires, d’attirer de nouveaux lecteurs, sans perdre la clientèle des catholiques profondément attachés aux publications de La Bonne Presse. Mais cette nouvelle orientation vient bouleverser une conception traditionnelle du catholicisme solidement ancrée chez certains assomptionnistes. Ceux-ci sont divisés, entre ceux qui voudraient aller plus vite et plus loin et ceux qui s’inquiètent de perdre l’identité de la maison. Les éditions du Centurion connaissent donc des débuts chaotiques, avant que ne soit définie une véritable politique éditoriale.
Écrire l’histoire des luttes en Grande-Bretagne : people’s history et history from below
Authors: Frasch Delphine , Leclair Marion
Published: January 2025

L’article remonte aux origines de « l’histoire par le bas » (history from below) britannique dans l’histoire populaire et l’histoire ouvrière du dernier XIXe siècle, avant de retracer son développement à travers le communisme « Front Populaire » des années 1930, la « nouvelle gauche » marxiste hétérodoxe des années 1950, les luttes sociales et contre-culturelles de la fin des années 1960, jusqu'au Women's Lib des années 1970. Si le terme, qui s’impose après coup dans les années 1980 comme synonyme d’une histoire culturelle des classes populaires, déclinable en tous temps et lieux, suggère une apparente unité thématique, méthodologique et idéologique, il recouvre en vérité, comme le soulignait déjà Raphael Samuel en 1979, des projets (tant intellectuels que politiques) potentiellement contradictoires.
Luddism, Machine-Breaking and the Swing Riots
Authors: Griffin Carl J.
Published: January 2025

If the eighteenth century in England was the age of the riot, the early decades of the nineteenth century might usefully be labelled as the age of machine breaking. Between 1811 and 1830, several extraordinarily intensive waves of machine breaking swept both rural and urban England alike. Against popular misconceptions, such protests – including the Luddite movement of 1811-12, the Bread or Blood riots of 1816, and the Swing quasi-insurrection of 1830 – tended not to oppose technological innovation but rather challenged the ways in which machinery impacted upon labour and wider social relations. Further, the paper shows that machine breaking, especially in the countryside, had a deeper history going back into the late seventeenth century. It also argues that the history of machine breaking in Wales and Scotland has received remarkably little scholarly attention, something the paper begins to address.
Chartism
Authors: Roberts Matthew
Published: January 2025

The Chartist movement continues to occupy a central place in the history and historiography of modern Britain. As the first mass working-class movement for democracy in Britain, Chartism remains a controversial episode for historians trying to understand and explain it. Was it a movement with revolutionary aims and violent strategies and tactics? How socially inclusive were the Chartists? Was the movement little more than irrational hunger politics, whipped up by unprincipled upper-class demagogues? In what ways did Chartism fail, and why? This essay begins by providing an overview of the movement, including definitions and the key debates among historians, before moving on to focus on the cultural dimensions of Chartism by looking at what it meant to be a Chartist. It will also explore the movement within the context of nineteenth century Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and the wider world – the far-flung corners of which many Chartists found themselves banished as transported prisoners and immigrants. The essay concludes by examining some of the ways in which Chartism failed, and the reasons for this, as well as pointing to some of the successes achieved by the movement.
Studying Into the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications of Machine Learning Algorithms in Medicine
Authors: Shirke Swati , Sonkamble Rahul Ganpatrao , Patil Sonali , Prasad Jayashree Rajesh , Thepade Sudeep D. , Midhunchakkaravarthy Divya
Published: January 2025

Machine learning (ML) is increasingly transforming healthcare, particularly in disease diagnosis, by improving precision, efficiency, and personalization. The chapter investigates ML's role in early disease detection, addressing the shortcomings of traditional diagnostic methods, including high costs and the need for expert interpretation. Through a bibliometric analysis of 1,216 journals from Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus, the study identifies key contributors and influential works in ML-based disease diagnosis. It evaluates the accuracy and challenges of different ML techniques, including decision trees, support vector machines, and convolutional neural networks. Ethical, regulatory, and data privacy issues critical for integrating ML into clinical practice are also discussed. Furthermore, the research introduces a novel ML architecture designed for disease diagnosis, integrating data from diverse sources and emphasizing continuous learning, privacy, and security.
Assessment of Concrete Compressive Strength by Destructive Testing: Influence of Strength Correction Factors and Size Effect
Authors: Benidir Adel
Published: January 2025

This paper highlights the importance of strength correction factors for a correct assessment of concrete compressive strength as a destructive test is performed. Full-scale reinforced concrete columns were prepared and the experiment consists of the extraction of cores (core diameter of 64 mm, 79 mm, and 103 mm) to carry out destructive test. The results show that the assessment of the compressive strength of concrete depends strongly on the aspect ratio and the diameter. Furthermore, the comparison between the core compressive strengths of samples with an aspect ratio of one and two could be considered as non-conventional. In addition, a likely presence of a size effect contributes to complicate the assessment of the actual compressive strength of concrete. A need of codes unification account for correction factors to interpret the equivalent compressive strength of concrete has been discussed.
A Modified Bi-Directional Convolutional U-Net (BCDU-Net) Neural Network Approach for Lung CT Image Segmentation
Authors: Vu Tran Anh , Kien Phung Van , Tram Nguyen Ngoc , Huy Hoang Quang , Huong Pham Thi Viet
Published: January 2025

In this paper, a modified Bi-directional Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory U-Net (BCDU-Net) neural network is presented, which aims at enhancing medical image segmentation for lung cancer diagnosis. By integrating BConvLSTM in the decoding path and densely connected convolutional layers in the encoding path, the proposed model achieves greater stability and precision in segmenting lung CT images. The addition of Batch Normalization (BN) after the up-convolutional layers accelerates convergence speed by six times. A notable feature of BCDU-Net is its adaptability to different imaging modalities, enabling it to generalize across diverse data sources by reducing overfitting, a limitation seen in many existing models. This adaptability allows the model’s ability to be integrated into various clinical environments, ensuring consistent and reliable results across different equipment. Another key contribution is the enhanced interpretability of the model, a critical improvement when compared with traditional U-Net models. BCDU-Net accurately segments complex anatomical structures, such as the left and right lungs, and precisely identifies tumors near central bronchi or trachea airways, which is crucial for lung cancer treatment planning. The proposed model was tested on the Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) dataset from the 2017 Lung CT Segmentation Challenge, achieving Dice Similarity Coefficients (DSC) of 97.97 for the right lung and 97.73 for the left lung. Overall, the BCDU-Net model demonstrates superior accuracy and interpretability in medical image segmentation and holds promise for broader applications in medical imaging beyond lung cancer diagnosis.
Optimization of the Four-Link Transmission Mechanism of the Knee Joint of a Quadruped Robot Based on the Strut Structure
Authors: Mu Lin Dong , Qiu Tian Qi , Liang Zhen Jie , Xu Wei , Wang Zhi Rui , Xu Peng
Published: January 2025

The knee joint transmission mechanism of quadruped robots usually adopts a fixed transmission ratio. Because the output torque of the knee joint fluctuates greatly during the support phase, a higher requirement is set for the torque output capability of knee joint actuator. Experimental data of multiple walking gaits was collected and parameters of the four-link transmission mechanism with strut structure for the knee joint were optimized using the complex method. In order to reduce the fluctuation of the output torque of the knee joint actuator, the knee joint is expected to maintain a higher transmission ratio at angles with higher torque output requirements. The optimization result shows that due to the limitations of the four-link mechanism, the knee joint has a larger transmission ratio at smaller angles and the maximum output torque angle, and a smaller transmission ratio at larger angles. During the support phase, the output torque of the knee joint actuator is significantly smoother, which can meet the use requirements to a certain extent.
Enhancing Corrosion Resistance in 2507 Super Duplex Stainless Steel: The Impact of Artificial Aging on Microstructure and Phase Stability
Authors: Maamache Bouzid , Ouali Naima , Belkessa Brahim , Trari Mohamed , Kouba Ramdhane , Cheniti Billel
Published: January 2025

This study examines the corrosion behavior of 2507 super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) subjected to artificial aging at various temperatures. Using optical microscopy, SEM, EDS, and XRD, we characterized the microstructural and phase changes. Electrochemical tests, including Tafel polarization and EIS, assessed corrosion resistance in 3.5 wt. % NaCl solution. Results show that aging at 1200°C enhances corrosion resistance, attributed to the dissolution of secondary phases and an increase in ferrite content. The optimized microstructure achieved at this temperature displayed the lowest corrosion current density and highest polarization resistance, offering insights for improving SDSS durability in corrosive environments.
Evaluation Tibia Rotation in Total Knee Arthroplasty Designed for Deep Knee Flexion Using Knee Kinematics Motion Simulator
Authors: Triwardono Joko , Kartika Ika , Sutowo Cahya , Ciptasari Nurhayati Indah , Elvira Bunga Rani , Rokhmanto Fendy , Asmaria Talitha , Purnama Harry , Rahyussalim Ahmad Jabir
Published: January 2025

Total knee arthroplasty is a successful procedure for treating chronic degenerative knee pathologies, many patients are dissatisfied with the results of the standard design. Improper tibia rotation of the implant is suspected to contribute to post-operative pain, polyethylene wears, aseptic loosening, and instability. Many factors can influence the alteration of knee kinematics after surgery including differences in implant design. Using magnetic resonance imaging, tibia rotation in a normal knee has -15.0º and -2.5º in weight-bearing males neutral tibia rotation, and tibia rotation in postoperative patients has 2.1º and 9.5º using computer tomography. In this study, a knee joint implant was developed to facilitate a high range of motion. Tibia rotation was observed with the axes of knee motion joint implants varied from 0°, 2°, 3° to 5° and knee bend measurements at 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150° of knee flexion using the knee kinematic motion simulator and the results will be compared with the results from magnetic resonance imaging and computer tomography. Using statistical analysis resulted for 0° and 2° kinematics alignment, the p-value of the development product is 0.072 and 0.054 (p > 0.05), for 3° and 5° kinematics alignment, the p-value of the development product is 0.039 and 0.031 (p ˂ 0.05). Thus, the kinematics development product at 0° and 2° kinematics alignment are similar to a normal human knee joint. Evaluation of knee kinematics implant using a knee motion simulator is expected to become a standard procedure before performing total knee arthroplasty surgery. This similarity in kinematics knee implant with a normal knee is to be expected to reduce postoperative pain, polyethylene wears, aseptic loosening, and instability during deep knee flexion and minimize the risk of implant failure.
Contribution of Home Gardening to the Welfare of Rural Households in Osun State Nigeria
Authors: Adeloye K. A. , Oke O. M.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study describes the socio-economic characteristics of rural households, identifies the agricultural activities practiced in the home gardens, examines the respondents’ perception of home gardening, determines the contribution of home gardening to the households’ welfare, and investigates constraints to the practice of home gardening in the studied area.Research Method: A sample of 150 rural households from three Agricultural zones (Osogbo, Ife-Ijesha, and Iwo) was selected using a multistage sampling procedure. Data were collected through a structural interview schedule comprising both open and close-ended questions and the data were summarized using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation; along with inferential statistics like Chi-Square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation.Findings: The result revealed that the mean age of household heads was 45.09±15.08 years. Additionally, the majority had received their first experience of home gardening in childhood (71.2%) and expressed willingness to continue home gardening practice (92.4%). Furthermore, they engaged in plantain cultivation (x = 2.50) always and fowl rearing (x = 2.16) often in their home gardens, among other activities. The majority (90.7%) was favourably disposed to home gardening and indicated a high contribution (86.4%) of home gardening to their households’ welfare. In addition, pilfering (x = 1.51) was identified as a serious constraint to the practice of home gardening.Research Limitation: The economic importance and marketing aspect of home gardening are not covered due to limited resources.Originality/ Value: The study provides insight into how home gardening could be incorporated into the extension activities of relevant organizations to enhance the full exploitation of the potentials inherent in the practice.
Application of Neem and Moringa Seed Oil as Botanical Preservative for Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp)
Authors: Ilesanmi J. O. Y. , Hussein J. B. , Halilu M. , Glaku Z. V.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Cowpea, a valuable grain with high protein, carbohydrate, and vitamin content, faces significant post-harvest losses due to insufficient storage, pest infestations, and inefficient processing techniques. Thus, the efficacy of a combination of neem and moringa seed oils in a 1:3 ratio, serving as botanical insecticides, to control Callosobruchus maculatus infestation in five different cowpea varieties was evaluated.Research Method: The extracts were mixed at a ratio of 1:3 neem-moringa seed oils and applied mechanically to cowpea varieties in a concentration of 5.0. They were kept in plastic bowls measuring 17 cm deep by 24 cm wide, covered with muslin cloth for free-flow ventilation, and stored for 360 days.Findings: The result of the data collected at every 60 days showed that the seed extracts were effective in preserving all the cowpea varieties even at 360 days. The results indicate that certain cowpea varieties, such as Ife brown (IFB), were more prone to weevil attacks, while others, like Lobia brown (BGR), shown relatively lower susceptibility. The control samples exhibited a higher number of egg-laying and weevil populations compared to the treated samples.Value: The study revealed that the treatment successfully eradicated the weevil population and prevented new infestations.
Dysphotopsia after uneventful phacoemulsification
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed A.
Published: January 2025

Background

Unexpected negative visual outcomes, especially after uneventful phacoemulsification, are frustrating to patients and surgeons. Dysphotopsia is one of the main causes of this dissatisfaction after uneventful phacoemulsification. Our study aimed to describe the prevalence of this type of dysphotopsia after uneventful phacoemulsification in our practice at Suez hospitals department.

Patients and methods

This study was conducted at the Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic of Suez General Hospital on 120 eyes from 120 patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation from January to April 2024. Subjectively, patients were asked about dysphotopsia symptoms 1 month after surgery, and their symptoms were improved with conservative treatment. We reviewed pathophysiology and various treatment modalities that are accessible, such as observation, nonsurgical correction options such as conservative management, medication-assisted miosis, optical correction, and surgical correction options as a last resort for serious cases.

Results

Six cases of dysphotopsia (5%) were identified among the 120 patients in the study: 2 patients recorded negative dysphotopsia (1.7%), and 4 patients had positive dysphotopsia (3.3%).

Conclusion

Patients now anticipate satisfaction from cataract surgery, which is becoming a common procedure. Both the patient and the surgeon may become frustrated when dysphotopsia occurs, which incidentally occurs in a flawlessly performed procedure. In our study, 6 patients out of 120 patients had dysphotopsia, which was resolved with conservative treatment only. Enhancing treatment and preventing this specific cause of postoperative complaints may be achieved by having a thorough understanding of this matter, its possible risk factors, and its successful methods of management.
Eliminating Cervical Cancer Using “Screen and Treat”: A Demonstration Project in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Mustapha Aisha , Malachy Echezona , Yahya Anisah , Kolawole Abimbola , Oguntayo Adekunle , Audu Bala M.
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:

In Nigeria, cervical cancer kills one woman every hour. Screening for cervical cancer is still opportunistic.

Objectives:

This study aimed at performing cervical screening for women in Kaduna State by using “screen and treat” and determining the correlates of premalignant lesions with socio-demography and risk factors and treating women testing positive.

Materials and Methods:

Using multistage sampling, three hospitals were chosen, community entry was done, and a structured proforma was used to obtain data. Consenting eligible women were screened using visual inspection methods. Women with positive lesions were immediately treated using thermocoagulation or loop electrosurgical excision procedure, while biopsy samples were taken for suspicious malignancy. Quantitative data were summarized using frequency and proportions for categorical variables. Only those with “positive or negative” results were included in the analysis.

Results:

Four hundred and twenty-six women were screened, but 364 were included in the final analysis. The mean age and parity were 37.2 ± 6.9 and 4.8 ± 2.5, respectively. The majority were multiparous, with multiple lifetime sexual partners. One-fourth of the participants had early coitarche. The prevalence of premalignant lesions was 3.8% (n = 16). None of the identified risk factors including age, coitarche, parity, and sexual partners was significantly associated with a positive cervical lesion (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The prevalence of premalignant lesions was low in Kaduna State, Nigeria, and not significantly associated with any of the risk factors analyzed. A larger study will be needed to verify these findings.
Preventive and Adjunctive Therapeutic Roles of Immune Optimization for Cancer Management: A Mini-review
Authors: Okafor Michael T. , Nwagha Theresa U.
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Pathogenesis of cancers encompasses a wide array of immunological processes underscored by immune dysfunction. Immuno-toxic lifestyle habits (poor diet, inadequate sleep, and lack of exercise) are risk factors for cancer development. Immune optimization interventions are useful for cancer prevention and management. T-cell dysfunction disease mediating models describing immunopathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases exist. However, they do not highlight inflammatory dysfunctional processes underlying the diseases concerning toxin-mediated epigenetic T-cell dysfunction. Online searches were conducted on databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Biomed Central, and SciELO. Articles were reviewed using keywords such as Cancer, Immune optimization/dysfunction, T lymphocyte activation/dysfunction, and inflammatory cytokines. There is a putative T-cell toxin-mediated dysfunction disease model for multiple endocrine neoplasia, which may apply to other cancers. The putative disease model may be validated by multiomic and radiological studies. Validation of the putative disease model should pave the way for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of cancers.