bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Macromodel of Beam-Column Joints for Progressive Collapse Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures Under Blast Loading
Authors: Shi Yanchao , Jiang Ren , Li Zhong-Xian , Ding Yang
Published: September 2021

The macromodel, by which the beam and column are simulated by fiber beam elements, has been extensively used in the progressive collapse analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) frames due to its high computing efficiency as compared to the solid element model. However, there exist some problems that need to be solved to improve the accuracy of the macromodel. One typical issue is to develop an accurate beam-column joint model. In current practice, the beam-column joint is as part of the rectangular frame with rigid elements, neglecting the shear damage and bending moment distribution in the core region of the joint, although they are crucial to progressive collapse analysis. In this paper, a new macromodel that considers the shear damage and bending moment distribution in the core region of the beam-column joint is developed for the progressive collapse analysis of RC frame structures under blast loads. Nonlinear springs are used in the joint connection interfaces to consider the force transfers from the beams or columns to the joint. Also, nonlinear shear springs are used in the core region of the joint, whose characteristics are derived based on the actual force-deformation relationship of the sub-assemblage due to joint shear distortion, to model the shear damage of the joint under blast loading. The proposed beam-column joint macromodel is validated with the available test data in the literature. The results indicated that the proposed macromodel for beam-column joints is more accurate than the traditional beam-column joint macromodel, while the computing efficiency remains almost unchanged in progressive collapse analysis of RC structures, especially when the RC frame structures are seriously damaged or collapse under blast loadings.
C-Injective rings
Authors: Shen Liang , Feng Feng , Li Wenxi
Published: September 2021

A ring [Formula: see text] is called a right C-injective ring if every homomorphism from a closed right ideal of [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] can be extended to one from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. It is clear that a right CS ring must be right C-injective. Left C-injective rings can be defined similarly. Properties of C-injective rings are explored in this paper. It is shown that a left C-injective ring may not be right C-injective and a right C-injective ring may not be right CS. Some extensions of C-injective rings are discussed.
Mathematical modeling and assessment of barrier measures and temperature on the transmission and persistence of Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Dangbé Ezekiel , Perasso Antoine , Irépran Damakoa
Published: September 2021

In December 2019, human cases of novel coronavirus infection were detected in Wuhan, China which have been named as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Since COVID-19 was first detected in China, the virus has reached more than 120 countries and was declared a global pandemic on March 11, 2020 by the WHO. In this paper, we have highlighted the influence of temperature on the spread of COVID-19. For this, the dynamic transmission of COVID-19 is modeled taking into account the influence of the temperature on the persistence of coronavirus in the environment. We also took into account the impact of proportion of people who respect the barrier measures published by the WHO on the scale of the COVID-19 pandemic. Taking into account the influence of the temperature on the persistence of the virus in the environment, the dynamic transmission has been described by a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). First, we analyzed the solutions of system in the case where the impact of the temperature on the virus is neglected. Second, we carried out the mathematical analysis of the solutions of the system in the non-autonomous case. Mathematical analyzes have enabled us to establish that the temperature and proportion of persons who respect the barrier rules can affect the spread of COVID-19. Some numerical simulations have been proposed to illustrate the behavior of the pandemic in some countries.
Prediction studies of the epidemic peak of coronavirus disease in Japan: From Caputo derivatives to Atangana–Baleanu derivatives
Authors: Kumar Pushpendra , Rangaig Norodin A. , Abboubakar Hamadjam , Kumar Anoop , Manickam A.
Published: September 2021

New atypical pneumonia caused by a virus called Coronavirus (COVID-19) appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Unlike previous epidemics due to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), COVID-19 has the particularity that it is more contagious than the other previous ones. In this paper, we try to predict the COVID-19 epidemic peak in Japan with the help of real-time data from January 15 to February 29, 2020 with the uses of fractional derivatives, namely, Caputo derivatives, the Caputo–Fabrizio derivatives, and Atangana–Baleanu derivatives in the Caputo sense. The fixed point theory and Picard–Lindel of approach used in this study provide the proof for the existence and uniqueness analysis of the solutions to the noninteger-order models under the investigations. For each fractional model, we propose a numerical scheme as well as prove its stability. Using parameter values estimated from the Japan COVID-19 epidemic real data, we perform numerical simulations to confirm the effectiveness of used approximation methods by numerical simulations for different values of the fractional-order [Formula: see text], and to give the predictions of COVID-19 epidemic peaks in Japan in a specific range of time intervals.
Communications Between Borrowers and Servicers: Evidence from COVID-19 Mortgage Forbearance Program
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arka Prava
Published: September 2021

In this paper, I utilize proprietary servicer call transcripts between a single servicer and the corresponding borrowers, whose loans they service, to shed light on borrower responses to the mortgage forbearance program contained in the CARES Act. My analysis reveals that borrowers (especially with non-performing loans) did not actively seek out mortgage forbearance (conditional on communication) in response to this policy, which was intended to prevent a pandemic-induced foreclosure. This is an outcome of the servicer’s differential treatment between government and private loans, as the CARES Act was designed for government loans only and left scope for servicer discretion for private loans. These results bring into question the effectiveness of ad hoc laws and the implementation thereof during the COVID-19 pandemic.
THE CORONAVIRUS RECESSION IN THE U.S.: IS THERE A LONG-RUN FOOTPRINT?
Authors: GOLDSMITH ARTHUR H.
Published: September 2021

The U.S. coronavirus recession began in late February of 2020 and was over in two months. The rapid recovery was due to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Stability Act (CARES Act), a large fiscal stimulus program initiated in late March 2020, that was accompanied by a strong expansionary monetary policy. This paper advances the notion that although the Corona-Recession was historically short it had two more permanent—longer-run—impacts that have largely been ignored. First, it accelerated two emerging trends—expansion of remote work, and more rapid adoption of digital technologies—and each will have a profound effect on work, society, and well-being in the U.S. Second, the pandemic-fuelled downturn fostered a new pathway—loneliness and social isolation—that exacerbated the emotional health concern that is part of all recessions, especially for younger persons. This occurrence is also likely to have an enduring footprint on economic and social life.
Flexible Mechanisms for Remote Attestation
Authors: Helble Sarah C. , Kretz Ian D. , Loscocco Peter A. , Ramsdell John D. , Rowe Paul D. , Alexander Perry
Published: September 2021

Remote attestation consists of generating evidence of a system’s integrity via measurements and reporting the evidence to a remote party for appraisal in a form that can be trusted. The parties that exchange information must agree on formats and protocols. We assert there is a large variety of patterns of interactions among appraisers and attesters of interest. Therefore, it is important to standardize on flexible mechanisms for remote attestation. We make our case by describing scenarios that require the exchange of evidence among multiple parties using a variety of message passing patterns. We show cases in which changes in the order of evidence collection result in important differences to what can be inferred by an appraiser. We argue that adding the ability to negotiate the appropriate kind of attestation allows for remote attestations that better adapt to a dynamically changing environment. Finally, we suggest a language-based solution to taming the complexity of specifying and negotiating attestation procedures.
Client-server Identification Protocols with Quantum PUF
Authors: Doosti Mina , Kumar Niraj , Delavar Mahshid , Kashefi Elham
Published: September 2021

Recently, major progress has been made towards the realisation of quantum internet to enable a broad range of classically intractable applications. These applications such as delegated quantum computation require running a secure identification protocol between a low-resource and a high-resource party to provide secure communication. In this work, we propose two identification protocols based on the emerging hardware-secure solutions, the quantum Physical Unclonable Functions (qPUFs). The first protocol allows a low-resource party to prove its identity to a high-resource party and in the second protocol, it is vice versa. Unlike existing identification protocols based on Quantum Read-out PUFs that rely on the security against a specific family of attacks, our protocols provide provable exponential security against any Quantum Polynomial-Time adversary with resource-efficient parties. We provide a comprehensive comparison between the two proposed protocols in terms of resources such as quantum memory and computing ability required in both parties as well as the communication overhead between them.
The Role of Cytochrome P450s in Insect Toxicology and Resistance
Authors: Nauen Ralf , Bass Chris , Feyereisen René , Vontas John
Published: September 2021

Insect cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) perform a variety of important physiological functions, but it is their role in the detoxification of xenobiotics, such as natural and synthetic insecticides, that is the topic of this review. Recent advances in insect genomics and postgenomic functional approaches have provided an unprecedented opportunity to understand the evolution of insect P450s and their role in insect toxicology. These approaches have also been harnessed to provide new insights into the genomic alterations that lead to insecticide resistance, the mechanisms by which P450s are regulated, and the functional determinants of P450-mediated insecticide resistance. In parallel, an emerging body of work on the role of P450s in defining the sensitivity of beneficial insects to insecticides has been developed. The knowledge gained from these studies has applications for the management of P450-mediated resistance in insect pests and can be leveraged to safeguard the health of important beneficial insects.
Management of Submassive Bilateral Pulmonary Embolism in an Adolescent Female
Authors: Lim Adeline Yi Ling , Roy John , Kevat Ajay
Published: September 2021

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a rare presentation in the pediatric population. We report a case of submassive PE in an adolescent female following commencement of a combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP). In the setting of cardiac dysfunction, she received systemic thrombolysis with significant reduction of clot burden and clinical improvement objectively demonstrated shortly thereafter. This case highlights challenges in clinical decision-making regarding surgical or catheter-based interventions versus medical management approaches when addressing life-threatening PE in children. Our case demonstrates that submassive PE in pediatrics can be managed successfully with systemic thrombolysis and therapeutic anticoagulation.
[Retracted] Effect of Tumor Microenvironment and Angiogenesis on Clinical Outcomes of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Authors: Wang Hui-Ching , Hsiao Hui-Hua , Du Jeng-Shiun , Cho Shih-Feng , Yeh Tsung-Jang , Gau Yuh-Ching , Liu Yi-Chang , Moi Sin-Hua
Published: September 2021

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare lymphoma, and the disease course is often aggressive with poor prognosis outcomes. PCNSL undergoes germinal center reactions and impairs B‐cell maturation. However, angiogenesis is also involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of PCNSL. This study investigated the effects of the tumor microenvironment and angiogenesis‐associated genomic alterations on the outcomes of PCNSL. The analysis also evaluated the influence of treatment modality and timing on PCNSL survival using partial least squares variance‐based path modeling (PLS‐PM). PLS‐PM can be used to evaluate the complex relationship between prognostic variables and disease outcomes with a small sample of measurements and structural models. A total of 19 immunocompetent PCNSL samples were analyzed by exome sequencing. Our results suggest that the timing of radiotherapy and mutations of ROBO1 and KAT2B are potential indicators of PCNSL outcomes and may be affected by baseline characteristics such as age and sex. Our results also showed that patients with no mutations of ROBO1 and KAT2B, SubRT subgroup showed favorable survival outcomes compared with no SubRT subgroup in short‐term follow‐up. All SubRT patients have received high‐dose methotrexate induction chemotherapy in the initial treatment. Therefore, initial induction chemotherapy combined with subsequent radiotherapy might improve survival outcomes in PCNSL patients who have no ROBO1 and KAT2B somatic mutations in short‐term follow‐up. The overall findings suggest that the tumor microenvironment and angiogenesis‐associated genomic alterations and treatment modalities are potential indicators of overall survival and may be affected by the baseline characteristics of PCNSL patients.
Ice and Snow Sports Education Based on 5G Cloud Computing to Improve the Social Adaptability of Southern University Students
Authors: Zhang Donghui , Xia Chengqian
Published: September 2021

With the rapid development of the internet, the 5G cloud computing environment is gradually replacing the traditional computing environment. The social adaptation level of college students in this environment is an important indicator of whether college students can effectively integrate into the society. This article aims to study the design and reform of ice and snow sports education in the 5G cloud computing environment to enhance the social adaptability of college students. On this basis, in order to improve the social adaptability of southern university students, research on ice and snow sports education is proposed. This paper uses the literature method to study the characteristics of ice and snow sports education and the training model of social adaptability, constructs an experimental study on improving the social adaptability of southern college students, analyzes the overall impact of college students’ participation in ice and snow sports education on social adaptability, and compares the situation with college students’ participation in different sports to improve social adaptability. The social adaptability of college students from the lower grades to the upper grades is gradually enhanced, and the social adaptability score of boys is 35.8, the score of girls’ social adaptability is 33.7, and the scores of boys are higher than those of girls.
A Simplified Digital Approach to the Treatment of a Postpuberty Patient with a Class III Malocclusion and Bilateral Crossbite
Authors: Aiello Domenico , Nucera Riccardo , Costa Stefania , Figliuzzi Michele Mario , Paduano Sergio
Published: September 2021

Monolateral and bilateral crossbites are amongst the most frequent forms of malocclusion in the world population. The lack of early correction of this type of malocclusion leads to the partial or total ossification of the sutures which then require surgical treatment in adult patients. In recent years, devices on minipalatal screws have noticeably increased the time window in which it is possible to correct these types of alterations. In this case report, we show how it is possible to correct a third-class skeletal malocclusion associated with a posterior bilateral crossbite in a young woman using a rapid expander on miniscrews and fixed orthodontic device to finalise the process. The procedure for the insertion of the palatal screws was aided by the use of a digitally printed surgical guide, and the appliance was applied in the same sitting thanks to the use of a digital flow software and a systematic easy driver. The CBCT scans show how the orthopaedic expansion of the upper maxilla was obtained without any important alterations that damaged the permanent teeth. This case report wishes to demonstrate how easy and predictable it can be to resolve cases of this type with optimal aesthetic and functional results even when body growth has ended.
Video Recognition of Government Community Management Cases Based on Partial Differential Equation Method
Authors: Sun Yumeng
Published: September 2021

With the development of urban economic construction and urban planning, higher requirements are put forward for the government community in the corresponding community management, community service, and other related things. As an important technical means to assist the government and community in management, video recognition technology plays an important role in the accurate management and service of the government and community. Traditional algorithms based on partial differential equations will destroy image edges and image details in video recognition. Based on this, this paper improves the traditional partial differential equation algorithm of image recognition, selects the GAC model based on image segmentation in the main function, and innovatively optimizes the stop function of its equation function, so as to improve the effect of community case image segmentation. In the image smoothing layer, this paper innovatively selects the second derivative based on image processing as the inherent feature of image recognition, so as to solve the rough problem of image edge and improve the processing efficiency of the algorithm. In order to further maintain the details of the relevant images of community cases, this paper integrates the Gaussian curvature driving function on the improved partial differential equation algorithm, so as to protect the details of the smooth region of the relevant recognition video and solve the disadvantages of the traditional algorithm. The experimental results show that the improved partial differential equation algorithm proposed in this paper improves the accuracy of video recognition by about 5% compared with the traditional algorithm. At the same time, the new algorithm can well ensure the detail integrity of the recognized video.
Natural Antibodies and Alloreactive T Cells Long after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: van Besouw Nicole M. , Rojas Aleixandra Mendoza , See Sarah B. , de Kuiper Ronella , Dieterich Marjolein , Roelen Dave L. , Clahsen-van Groningen Marian C. , Hesselink Dennis A. , Zorn Emmanuel , Baan Carla C.
Published: September 2021

Background. The relationship between circulating effector memory T and B cells long after transplantation and their susceptibility to immunosuppression are unknown. To investigate the impact of antirejection therapy on T cell-B cell coordinated immune responses, we assessed IFN-γ-producing memory cells and natural antibodies (nAbs) that potentially bind to autoantigens on the graft. Methods. Plasma levels of IgG nAbs to malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in 145 kidney transplant recipients at 5–7 years after transplantation. In 54 of these patients, the number of donor-reactive IFN-γ-producing cells was determined. 35/145 patients experienced rejection, 18 of which occurred within 1 year after transplantation. Results. The number of donor-reactive IFN-γ-producing cells and the levels of nAbs were comparable between rejectors and nonrejectors. The nAbs levels were positively correlated with the number of donor-reactive IFN-γ-producing cells (rs = 0.39,

p
=
0.004

). The positive correlation was only observed in rejectors (rs = 0.53,

p
=
0.003

; nonrejectors: rs = 0.24,

p
=
0.23

). Moreover, we observed that intravenous immune globulin treatment affected the level of nAbs and this effect was found in patients who experienced a late ca-ABMR compared to nonrejectors (

p
=
0.008

). Conclusion. The positive correlation found between alloreactive T cells and nAbs in rejectors suggests an intricate role for both components of the immune response in the rejection process. Treatment with intravenous immune globulin impacted nAbs.
Automatic Fabric Defect Detection Based on an Improved YOLOv5
Authors: Jin Rui , Niu Qiang
Published: September 2021

Fabric defect detection is particularly remarkable because of the large textile production demand in China. Traditional manual detection method is inefficient, time-consuming, laborious, and costly. A deep learning technique is proposed in this work to perform automatic fabric defect detection by improving a YOLOv5 object detection algorithm. A teacher-student architecture is used to handle the shortage of fabric defect images. Specifically, a deep teacher network could precisely recognize fabric defects. After information distillation, a shallow student network could do the same thing in real-time with minimal performance degeneration. Moreover, multitask learning is introduced by simultaneously detecting ubiquitous and specific defects. Focal loss function and central constraints are introduced to improve the recognition performance. Evaluations are performed on the publicly available Tianchi AI and TILDA databases. Results indicate that the proposed method performs well compared with other methods and has excellent defect detection ability in the collected textile images.
Research Progress on the Antiosteoarthritic Mechanism of Action of Natural Products
Authors: Gao Mingzhu , Chen Chun , Zhang Qiaoyan , Bian Jun , Qin Luping , Bao Leilei
Published: September 2021

Background. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a clinical joint degenerative disease, the pathogenic factors of which include age, obesity, and mechanical injury. Its main pathological features include cartilage loss, narrowing of joint space, and osteophyte formation. At present, there are a variety of treatment methods for OA. Natural products, which are gradually being applied in the treatment of OA, are advantageous as they present with low toxicity and low costs and act on multiple targets. Methods. The terms “natural products,” “osteoarthritis,” and “chondrocytes” were searched in PubMed to screen the related literature in the recent 10 years. Results. We comprehensively introduced 62 published papers on 48 natural products involving 6, 3, 5, 12, 4, and 5 kinds of terpenoids, polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, respectively (and others). Conclusion. The mechanisms of their anti-OA action mainly involve reducing the production of inflammatory factors, reducing oxidative stress, regulating the metabolism of chondrocytes, promoting the proliferation of chondrocytes, or inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis. This article summarizes the anti-OA activity of natural products in the last 10 years and provides candidate monomers for further study for use in OA treatment.
Containment Control of Heterogeneous Discrete-Time Multiagent Systems with Time Delay
Authors: Wu Jiawei , Yu Yongguang , Ren Guojian
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the containment control of heterogeneous MASs with multi-interactional leaders is addressed. The objective of the containment control is of two layers. The leaders converge to an expected form; subsequently, the followers enter the convex hull spanned by the leader’s final position. To achieve the goal, the dynamics of the leaders and the followers are modeled by a single integrator and a double integrator, respectively. A reduced-order transformation is employed to obtain the sufficient conditions for realizing the follower agents’ control. In this manner, the maximum allowed time delay is given. Moreover, based on the topological structure and matrix, it confirms that the followers are able to enter the expected convex hull. Finally, the numerical simulation reveals the effectiveness of the control strategy.
Critical and Subcritical Anisotropic Trudinger–Moser Inequalities on the Entire Euclidean Spaces
Authors: Song Xiaoping , Li Dongliang , Zhu Maochun
Published: September 2021

We investigate the subcritical anisotropic Trudinger–Moser inequality in the entire space

ℝ

N

, obtain the asymptotic behavior of the supremum for the subcritical anisotropic Trudinger–Moser inequalities on the entire Euclidean spaces, and provide a precise relationship between the supremums for the critical and subcritical anisotropic Trudinger–Moser inequalities. Furthermore, we can prove critical anisotropic Trudinger–Moser inequalities under the nonhomogenous norm restriction and obtain a similar relationship with the supremums of subcritical anisotropic Trudinger–Moser inequalities.
Consumo de alcohol, marihuana y cocaína en estudiantes de medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Authors: Calletti Godoy María José , Elsaca Merino Enrique , Kobus Garán Valentina Paz , Santander Jaime
Published: September 2021

Introducción: El uso de sustancias en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes es un problema importante en Chile. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol, marihuana y cocaína entre los estudiantes de medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), estudiar su relación con ciertas variables psicosociales y contrastar con estudios previos. Métodos: Se diseñó una encuesta voluntaria y de autoreporte, que incluyó el cuestionario “AUDIT” para consumo de alcohol, preguntas de la encuesta de Servicio Nacional para la Prevención y Rehabilitación del Consumo de Drogas y Alcohol (SENDA) para consumo de marihuana y cocaína, y preguntas sobre características sociodemográficas. Resultados: Respondieron 559 estudiantes de un total de 857 (65,2%).  La prevalencia de consumo de riesgo de alcohol fue 15,1%, mientras que de consumo perjudicial fue 5,2%. La prevalencia de consumo de marihuana fue 57,2% alguna vez en la vida, 38,2% el último año, y 18,5% el último mes.  La prevalencia de consumo de cocaína fue 2,8% alguna vez en la vida, 1,6% el último año, y 0,5% el último mes. Se encontraron asociaciones significativas con las variables estudiadas. Conclusiones: Ha aumentado considerablemente el consumo de sustancias entre los estudiantes de medicina de la PUC. No obstante, la prevalencia es menor si se compara con el resto de estudiantes de educación superior chilena y similar a lo reportado en estudios de Norteamérica y Europa.
Robbins, eterno Robbins
Authors: Torres Gómez Francisco Javier
Published: September 2021

Quisiera comenzar la presente carta declarando la ausencia de conflicto de intereses que me pudieran vincular con la editorial Elsevier, de la que no he obtenido más beneficio que el mismo saber. Es por ello por lo que me siento libre para alabar el gran trabajo que se ha venido haciendo a lo largo de los años para que el conocido texto de patología comúnmente conocido como “Robbins” se adapte a los tiempos, incorporando los aspectos esenciales o fundamentales para entender de un modo sencillo y eficaz los factores moleculares, celulares y tisulares que subyacen a la génesis de la enfermedad.
Nuevas perspectivas para el tratamiento de la infección por Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Velasco Bernardita , Duran Cynthia , Bahamondez Cañas Tania
Published: September 2021

La infección por Helicobacter pylori es altamente prevalente en el mundo. En Chile, esta bacteria está presente entre un 40-70% de la población y su presencia está asociada a serias complicaciones que van desde la gastritis y el desarrollo de úlceras hasta el cáncer gástrico. Este último, es uno de los carcinomas más frecuentes en nuestro país, con una tasa de mortalidad de 20 por cada 100000 habitantes.  Actualmente, el principal tratamiento de erradicación de esta bacteria se basa en triterapias, que consisten en un inhibidor de la bomba de protones (IBP) asociado a dos antibióticos en altas dosis. Sin embargo, existe una gran resistencia de H. pylori a los antibióticos, que ha sido reportada por la literatura científica y reconocida por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Esta revisión se enfoca en identificar nuevas estrategias de tratamiento para la erradicación de H. pylori con especial interés en aquellos tratamientos que han sido evaluados contra el crecimiento de este patógeno en forma de biopelículas. Este tipo de crecimiento le confiere a H. pylori una mayor resistencia a los antibióticos. Se analizaron diferentes agentes y formulaciones que han sido reportados. Se destacan el uso de nanopartículas y compuestos naturales, así como formulaciones bioadhesivas que han mostrado disminuir la infección por H. pylori. Sin embargo, se sigue necesitando avanzar en estudios clínicos para comprobar la eficacia de nuevas formulaciones con miras a una exitosa erradicación de H. pylori.
Limitaciones comunicativas y sociales de pacientes hospitalizados en pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Canales Urrutia Sabina
Published: September 2021

La experiencia de un paciente hospitalizado ha cambiado con la llegada de la pandemia COVID -19, ya que los centros de salud han debido tomar estrictas decisiones sanitarias para impedir la propagación del virus. Estas medidas, deben ser asumidas y soportadas por pacientes, quienes de forma inesperada, deben interrumpir sus actividades cotidianas para trasladarse a un hospital, lugar que durante la pandemia se encuentra limitado física y socialmente, por ende, los pacientes hospitalizados también reciben esas limitaciones. A partir de lo anterior, el presente escrito intenta reflexionar acerca de la experiencia de los pacientes hospitalizados durante la pandemia COVID-19 desde una perspectiva sociolingüística cognitiva, con el objetivo de comprender la percepción de las personas hospitalizadas y las limitaciones comunicativas y sociales.
Tan antiguos como su misma creación, mitos de las vacunas y la vacunación
Authors: Crisóstomo José , Vergara Verónica , Aldunate Francisca , Rodríguez María
Published: September 2021

Estudios científicos coinciden en que la vacunación ha sido uno de los diez principales logros de la salud pública en el siglo XX (CDC Estados Unidos, 1999). Después del agua potable, las vacunas se consideran como la mejor defensa contra las enfermedades infecciosas y como la medida de salud pública más eficaz en reducir la mortalidad y las secuelas provocadas por las enfermedades inmunoprevenibles, así como un importante aporte a la equidad en el acceso a la salud (Saldaña et al., 2015; Valenzuela, 2020). Sin embargo, la oposición a las vacunas ha existido desde prácticamente los inicios de la vacunación. Estas críticas han sido diversas, abordando tanto el ámbito sanitario, científico y político. En Estados Unidos e Inglaterra, a mediados y fines del siglo XIX, con la aplicación de la vacuna contra la viruela, se formaron las llamadas ligas antivacunas, como la Sociedad estadounidense antivacunas, que fue fundada en 1879, seguida de la Liga contra la vacunación obligatoria de Nueva Inglaterra (1882) y muchas más a lo largo de los años. En épocas recientes, estas dudas también han estado presentes, como las controversias generadas antes de la pandemia, que hicieron dudar sobre la seguridad, eficacia y calidad de las vacunas contra la difteria, tétanos y pertussis. Otro aspecto controvertido ha sido el empleo del mercurio utilizado en preservantes como el timerosal el cual, fue asociado al autismo, hecho desmentido en numerosas publicaciones y estudios científicos (Hurley et al., 2010).
Downregulation of p38 MAPK Activation and Radiation-Sensitive 52 Expression Enhances 5-Fluorouracil and Erlotinib-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Lung Squamous Cells
Authors: Ko Jen-Chung , Chen Jyh-Cheng , Wei Chia-Li , Liu Li-Ling , Chien Chin-Cheng , Huang I-Hsiang , Hsieh Jou-Min , Chiang Chen-Shan , Tseng Pei-Yu , Cheng Hsiang-Hung , Tsao Yong-Cing , Lin Yun-Wei
Published: September 2021

Introduction: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is used to treat various cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It inhibits nucleotide synthesis and induces single- and double-strand DNA breaks. In the homologous recombination pathway, radiation-sensitive 52 (Rad52) plays a crucial role in DNA repair by promoting the annealing of complementary single-stranded DNA and stimulating Rad51 recombinase activity. Erlotinib (Tarceva) is a selective epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with clinical activity against NSCLC cells. However, whether the combination of 5-FU and erlotinib has synergistic activity against NSCLC cells is unknown. Methods: After the 5-FU and/or erlotinib treatment, the expressions of Rad52 mRNA were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Protein levels of Rad52 and phospho-p38 MAPK were determined by Western blot analysis. We used specific Rad52 or p38 MAPK small interfering RNA and p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB2023580) to examine the role of p38 MAPK-Rad52 signal in regulating the chemosensitivity of 5-FU and/or erlotinib. Cell viability was assessed by MTS assay and trypan blue exclusion assay. Results: In 2 squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, namely, H520 and H1703, 5-FU reduced Rad52 expression in a p38 MAPK inactivation-dependent manner. Enhancement of p38 MAPK activity by transfection with MKK6E (a constitutively active form of MKK6) vector increased the Rad52 protein level and cell survival by 5-FU. However, in human lung bronchioloalveolar cell adenocarcinoma A549 cells, 5-FU reduced Rad52 expression and induced cytotoxicity independent of p38 MAPK. Moreover, 5-FU synergistically enhanced the cytotoxicity and cell growth inhibition of erlotinib in NSCLC cells; these effects were associated with Rad52 downregulation and p38 MAPK inactivation in H520 and H1703 cells. Conclusion: The results provide a rationale for combining 5-FU and erlotinib in lung cancer treatment.
Recurrent Onychomadesis of the Toenails in Children and Adults: A Case Series
Authors: Sous Dana , Starace Michela V.R. , Chen Lu , Nieman Elizabeth L. , Anadkat Milan J. , Piraccini Bianca Maria , Coughlin Carrie C.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Onychomadesis occurs when the nail plate separates from the nail matrix and nail bed, eventually leading to shedding of the nail. This condition has been attributed to viral infections, autoimmune disorders, drug side effects, and physical trauma. A subset of patients has a recurrent form of onychomadesis without a clear trigger; this phenomenon is not well characterized in the literature. Case Presentation: We present a case series of pediatric and adult patients with recurrent toenail onychomadesis in order to better characterize the disorder and explore possible etiologies, risk factors, and treatments. Discussion/Conclusion: For the cases herein, we propose microtrauma associated with footwear as the underlying etiology given the periodicity of nail shedding, exclusion of other etiological factors, and presence of predisposing risk factors in certain patients. Many patients saw improvement with application of urea 40% cream, suggesting this can be a valuable part of a treatment strategy, in addition to minimizing injury to involved digits.
Changes in Stroke Patients’ Health-Seeking Behavior by COVID-19 Epidemic Regions: Data from the Korean Stroke Registry
Authors: Jeong Han-Yeong , Lee Eung-Joon , Kang Min Kyoung , Nam Ki-Woong , Bae Jeonghoon , Jeon Kipyoung , Jung Keun-Hwa , Ko Sang-Bae , Oh Mi Sun , Lee Ji Sung , Hwang Jaechun , Jeong Eunhwan , Lee Jun , Do Jin-Kuk , Sohn Sung-Il , Kwon Sun U. , Bae Hee-Joon , Yoon Byung-Woo , Park Jong-Moo
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to changes in stroke patients’ healthcare use. This study evaluated changes in Korean stroke patients’ health-seeking behaviors and stroke care services using data from the Korean Stroke Registry (KSR). Methods: We reviewed data from patients with acute stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) during 2019 (before COVID-19 period) and 2020 (COVID-19 period). Outcomes included patient characteristics, time from stroke onset to hospital arrival, and in-hospital stroke pathways. Subgroup analyses were performed for an epidemic region (Daegu city and Gyeongsangbuk-do region, the D-G region). Results: The study included 1,792 patients from the pre-COVID-19 period and 1,555 patients from the COVID-19 period who visited hospitals that contribute to the KSR. During the COVID-19 period, the D-G region had two-thirds the number of cases (vs. the pre-CO­VID-19 period) and a significant decrease in the proportion of patients with TIA (9.97%–2.91%). Unlike other regions, the median onset-to-door time increased significantly in the D-G region (361 min vs. 526.5 min, p = 0.016), and longer onset-to-door times were common for patients with mild symptoms and who were in their 60s or 70s. The number of patients who underwent intravenous thrombolysis also decreased during the COVID-19 period, although the treatment times were not significantly different between the 2 periods. Discussion/Conclusion: Korean stroke patients in a CO­VID-19 epidemic region exhibited distinct changes in health-seeking behaviors. Appropriate triage system and public education regarding the importance of early treatment are needed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Influenza A-Associated In-Hospital Mortality in Very Older People: Does Inflammation Also Play a Role?
Authors: Arrieta Estibaliz , Lalueza Antonio , Ayuso-García Blanca , Trujillo Hernando , Folgueira Dolores , Paredes Diana , Verdejo Miguel Ángel , Camacho Javier , Caso José María , Heredia Carlos , Cueto-Felgueroso Cecilia , Pleguezuelo Daniel , Serrano Antonio , Lumbreras Carlos
Published: September 2021

Background: The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical manifestations and outcome of the oldest old (people aged ≥85 years) who were admitted to the hospital with a confirmed influenza A virus infection in comparison with younger patients and to assess the role of inflammation in the outcome of influenza infection in this population. Methods: This is an observational prospective study including all adult patients with influenza A virus infection hospitalized in a tertiary teaching hospital in Madrid, in 2 consecutive influenza seasons (2016–17 and 2017–18). Results: Five hundred nine hospitalized patients with influenza A infection were included, of whom 117 (23%) were older than 85 years (median age: 89.3 ± 3.2). We compared the clinical characteristics and outcome with those of the rest of the population (median age: 72.8 ± 15.7). Overall, mortality was higher in older patients (10% vs. 4%; p = 0.03) with no differences in clinical presentation. Patients older than 85 years who ultimately died (12 out of 117) showed increased systemic inflammation expressed by higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin compared to survivors who were discharged (odds ratio [OR] of CRP >20 mg/dL: 5.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–20.57, and OR of ferritin >500 mg: 4.3, 95% CI: 1.04–17.35). Conclusions: Patients aged 85 and older with influenza A virus infection presented a higher in-hospital mortality than younger subjects. CRP and ferritin levels were higher in the oldest old who died, suggesting that inflammation could play a key role in the outcome of this subset of patients.
Prostaglandin E2 induces ovulation in prepubertal mice
Authors: Andrade Jéssica de Souza , Zuliani Juliana Pavan , Singh Jaswant , Setúbal Sulamita da Silva , Silva Renata Reis da , Schneider Augusto , Pfeifer Luiz Francisco Machado
Published: September 2021

The objective of this study was to determine the ability of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to induce ovulation and expression of PGE2 receptor (EP2 and EP4) and COX genes (COX-1 and COX-2) in the ovary and pituitary of prepubertal mice. The positive control consisted of the application of 5 μg of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH, n = 29); the negative control applied 0.5 mL of phosphate buffered saline (PBS, n=31); the treatment tested the application of 250 μg of PGE2 (n = 29), making a total of 89 prepubertal mice (BALB/c). Mice were euthanized 14 to 15 h after treatments to detect ovulation and tissue collection. A Chi-square test was used to compare the proportion of animals ovulating. Gene expressions and number of ovulation were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test was used to compare means among groups. A greater proportion of mice (P < 0.001) ovulated after receiving GnRH (89.7%, 26/29) compared to PGE2 group (58.6%, 17/29). However, the proportion was higher compared to those treated with PBS (0%, 0/31). Ep2 gene expression in the pituitary was > two-fold higher (P < 0.05) in the PGE2 group compared to the PBS and GnRH groups. Further, PGE2 stimulated Cox1 (2.7 fold, P < 0.05) while GnRH stimulated Cox2 expression (6.5 fold, P < 0.05) in the pituitary when compared to the PBS group. In conclusion, our results support the hypothesis that PGE2 can induce ovulation in prepubertal mice with a concomitant increase in Ep2 and Cox1 gene expression in the pituitary gland.
Agências de comunicação digital no Rio Grande do Sul: posicionamento das empresas-clientes
Authors: Lasta Elisangela
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as estratégias de posicionamento na rede empreendidas pelas agências que prestam serviços de produção de conteúdo digital no mercado corporativo do Rio Grande do Sul para seus clientes. Como metodologia, utilizou-se a análise estrutural das redes sociais. Desse modo, foram encontradas estratégias de: 1. posição de centralidade; 2. posição de intermediário; 3. posição de melhor PageRank; 4) posição tanto de intermediário como de melhor PageRank; e 5. posição de presença.
Entre o COI e o RIO: narrativas oficiais para a produção da Cidade Olímpica
Authors: Gotardo Ana Teresa , Freitas Ricardo Ferreira
Published: September 2021

Este artigo analisa a produção de sentidos sobre os megaeventos como catalisadores de mudanças positivas às cidades a partir das narrativas presentes nos documentos do Comitê Olímpico Internacional, que envolvem proposições sobre planejamento urbano e ideais de imagem desejados. Trata-se de uma rede discursiva que contribui para o desejo de sediar o megaevento como parte de um ritual que se promete potencializador de mudanças. O quadro teórico recorre a autores da sociologia e da comunicação, como Bourdieu, Sennett, Canevacci, Foucault e Sánchez.
Estratégias comunicacionais de redução e direcionamento da visibilidade nas mídias sociais: práticas discursivas e sociotécnicas
Authors: Silva Diego Wander
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre as estratégias de redução e direcionamento da visibilidade nas mídias sociais, evidenciando condutas que atendam a esses desejos divulgadas em estudos científicos publicados entre 2019 e 2021. Tais alternativas se caracterizam pelo alto grau de profissionalização e por responderem apenas aos interesses organizacionais. Recorremos à Teoria Fundamentada em Dados para selecionar pesquisas aderentes. Como resultados, destacamos o avanço de bots sociais e a incipiência de investigações dedicadas a desvelar níveis de envolvimento das organizações.
Reputação 4.0: intimidade e privacidade no fenômeno discursivo da reputação corporativa
Authors: Peres-Neto Luiz , Magri Sheila Mihailenko Chaves
Published: September 2021

O artigo problematiza, a partir da convergência entre mídias, a intimidade no âmbito do fenômeno discursivo da reputação corporativa. Utiliza-se a análise dialógica bakhtiniana como método. O objeto empírico é uma notícia sobre um post no Facebook e o próprio post, no qual uma organização é acusada de promover traição conjugal. Notou-se que os laços íntimos são combatidos e obliterados. Mas a privacidade, nestes diálogos, traz outra perspectiva sobre laços afetivos para se pensar a ética dos interesses públicos e privados nas redes.
“Construindo uma comunidade global”: análise crítica sobre as estratégias de tecnologização do discurso do Facebook
Authors: Acioli Moab Duarte , Peixoto Joao Guilherme de Melo , Andrade Maria Eduarda Alves de
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar como se dão os processos de tecnologização do discurso na sociedade contemporânea a partir da utilização das redes sociais digitais. Para isso, analisou-se o texto “Construindo uma Comunidade Global”, do cocriador do Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg. Por meio da análise crítica do discurso, observou-se como se manifestam discursivamente as ideologias neoliberalistas cuja finalidade é manipular e controlar os indivíduos para que estes permaneçam conectados nas comunidades digitais.
Comunicação organizacional: árvore de derivação enunciativa com inspiração foucaultiana
Authors: Generoso Isaura Mourão , Baldissera Rudimar
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta procedimentos e achados de pesquisa que investigou a conformação do saber-prática discursiva da comunicação organizacional, realizada com inspiração na análise arqueológica foucaultiana. Para tanto, a pesquisa utilizou como corpus 669 artigos publicados no período de 2008 a 2018 em três revistas científicas e em anais de dois importantes congressos da área, evidenciando a prevalência da matriz gestionária na constituição do saber-prática discursiva da comunicação organizacional.
Perspective Cues Make Eye-specific Contributions to 3-D Motion Perception
Authors: Thompson Lowell W. , Kim Byounghoon , Zhu Zikang , Rokers Bas , Rosenberg Ari
Published: September 2021

Robust 3-D visual perception is achieved by integrating stereoscopic and perspective cues. The canonical model describing the integration of these cues assumes that perspective signals sensed by the left and right eyes are indiscriminately pooled into a single representation that contributes to perception. Here, we show that this model fails to account for 3-D motion perception. We measured the sensitivity of male macaque monkeys to 3-D motion signaled by left-eye perspective cues, right-eye perspective cues, stereoscopic cues, and all three cues combined. The monkeys exhibited idiosyncratic differences in their biases and sensitivities for each cue, including left- and right-eye perspective cues, suggesting that the signals undergo at least partially separate neural processing. Importantly, sensitivity to combined cue stimuli was greater than predicted by the canonical model, which previous studies found to account for the perception of 3-D orientation in both humans and monkeys. Instead, 3-D motion sensitivity was best explained by a model in which stereoscopic cues were integrated with left- and right-eye perspective cues whose representations were at least partially independent. These results indicate that the integration of perspective and stereoscopic cues is a shared computational strategy across 3-D processing domains. However, they also reveal a fundamental difference in how left- and right-eye perspective signals are represented for 3-D orientation versus motion perception. This difference results in more effective use of available sensory information in the processing of 3-D motion than orientation and may reflect the temporal urgency of avoiding and intercepting moving objects.