bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Újabb adat a magyarországi adventív flóra ismeretéhez: Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.
Authors: Wirth Tamás
Published: October 2019

Jelen dolgozat a Magyarországon korábban elő nem forduló Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr. első hazai adatait közli. A Mediterráneumból származó faj a Dunántúl több pontján került elő kertészetek és faiskolák telephelyeiről, illetve kültéri virágcserépből. Jelen megfigyelések egybeesnek a külföldi tapasztalatokkal, miszerint a faj terjedésében a dísznövény kereskedelem fontos szerepet ját­szik. A továbbiakban megtörtént a faj morfológiai jellemzése és a hazai határozókulcsba történő beillesztése. Mivel a P. viridis néhány lelőhelyen nagyobb egyedszámban került elő, az inváziós képes­sé­gé­nek meghatározása szempontjából a jövőben fontos lehet a faj terjedésének monitorozása.
Adatok Budapest környéke flórájának ismeretéhez III.
Authors: Somlyay Lajos , Csábi Miklós
Published: October 2019

Cikkünk 40 ritka taxon (köztük 7 páfrány) új vagy megerősített adatait tartalmazza Budapest környékéről. Közülük egy faj (Geranium sibiricum) a Budai-hegység, ill. Budapest flórájára, egy (Polystichum setiferum) a Pilis flórájára, kettő (Onosma pseudarenaria, Sorbus aria s. str.) pedig a Visegrádi-hegység flórájára új. További adataink közül kiemeljük az Agrimonia procera, Botrychium lunaria, Epipactis tallosii, Gymnadenia odoratissima és Sorbus ujhelyii új előfordulásait.
Magyarország edényes flórájának online elterjedési atlasza (Atlas Florae Hungariae)
Authors: Bartha Dénes , Schmidt Dávid , Tiborcz Viktor
Published: October 2019

2018 decemberében publikálásra került az interneten Magyarország edényes növény­fa­ja­inak online elterjedési atlasza (Atlas Florae Hungariae). A több mint 1 millió adatrekord felhasználásával fel­épült adatbázis gerincét a Magyar Flóratérképezési Program során gyűjtött adatok képezik, emellett fel­dol­gozott szakirodalmi és herbáriumi adatok is elérhetők innen, illetve megjeleníthetők a térképeken. A kvad­rátok fajszám szerinti megoszlását bemutató térkép az egyes területek fajdiverzitását és a fló­ra­tér­ké­pe­zési alapfelmérés minőségi különbözőségét mutatja. Az adatbázis bővítése 2016 és 2019 között első­sor­ban szakirodalmi adatfeldolgozással folytatódott. Az így bekerült új adatok 25%-át a Kitaibelia „Pótlások” sorozata szolgáltatta, amely egyes taxonok adatainak jelentős bővülését hozta. Az adatközlések révén leg­na­gyobb mértékben az üde erdei fajok (pl. Allium ursinum, Dryopteris dilatata) adatai gyarapodtak, emellett egyes gyomnövények adatai (pl. Euphorbia maculata, Senecio vernalis) is jelentősen bővültek, amely összefüggésben áll terjedésükkel. A honlap tervezett fejlesztése során egy bővített és revideált, egy­sé­ges koncepciót követő Taxonlista megalkotása tekinthető az egyik legfontosabb feladatnak, emellett bő­ví­teni kívánjuk a térképek jelenleg alkalmazott jelkulcsrendszerét, az adatrekordokhoz kapcsolódó in­for­má­ciókat.
‘Tamam’ ve ‘Devam’ Etiketleriyle Atılan Tweetler ile Cumhur ve Millet İttifakı Grupları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜMÜŞSU Ertuğrul , MURAT Naci
Published: October 2019

Teknoloji kullanımın her geçen gün artmasıyla birlikte sosyal medya ve internet kullanımı hızla yaygınlaşmaktadır. Özellikle sosyal medya kullananların sayısının artmasıyla insanlar duygu ve düşüncelerini, gündemle ilgili görüş ve fikirlerini sosyal medya araçlarını kullanarak paylaşmaktadır. En çok kullanılan sosyal medya araçlarından biri olan Twitter ve Facebook gibi sosyal ağ uygulamalarında paylaşılan içerikler yapısal olmayan veri türleridir. Bunun gibi yapısal olmayan metin içerikli verilerin yapısal hale dönüştürülmesinde ve analiz edilmesinde metin madenciliği yöntemleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 24 Haziran Cumhurbaşkanlık ve Milletvekili Seçimlerinde ‘Tamam’ ve ’Devam’ etiketleriyle atılan tweetler metin madenciliği yöntemleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Metin ön işlem aşamasında kelimelerin köklerini bulmak için Zemberek kök bulma yöntemi ve ağırlıklandırma yöntemi olarak ise terim frekansı (TF) ağırlıklandırma yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Oluşturulan sınıflar arasındaki ilişkiyi ölçmek amacıyla korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Kruskal Wallis Testi ile frekans terim ağırlıklarının sınıflara göre farklılığı test edilmiştir. Elde edilen özelliklerin terim frekansı (TF) değerlerine göre kelime bulutları oluşturulmuştur.
Psychology of Religion in Russia: On the Way to Self-determination
Authors: Dvoinin A.M.
Published: October 2019

The author outlines his concept of the historical development of psychology of religion in Russia and articulates the current tasks of this scientific field. He focuses on the recent formation of topical areas and methodological orientations in Russian psychology of religion and the processes of self-identification and consolidation of researchers that have launched as well. Two following two theses are put forward: the history of psychology of religion in Russia is (1) more determined by external factors than by internal ones and 2) is more relevant to the history of religious studies than to psychology. The historically conditioned and varying “scientific attitude toward religion” is proposed as a criterion for the periodization of the historical development of psychology of religion in Russia. According to this criterion, three developmental stages are distinguished: 1) Psychologization of religion (from 1860—1870 to 1918 — early 1920s); 2) Ideological struggle against religion (from the 1920s to 1991); 3) Dialogue with religion (from 1990 to the present). The author argues that now the fundamental historical task for Russian psychology of religion is to constitute its own identity within the Russian academic community, and, subsequently, in the world science. In addition, the particular tasks are formulated: to differentiate the psychology of religion from Christian psychology; to formulate consistent research programs; to make an inventory of productive ideas and concepts in Russian psychology in order to apply them to contemporary studies of the religious mind; to overcome isolation and to join the international scientific discourse; to design the public request for research in the psychology of religion; to continue further consolidation of Russian psychologists of religion; to promote the psychology of religion within the psychological academic community in Russia.
The Relationship of Intercultural Experience, Acculturation Expectations and Creativity among Russian Students
Authors: Bultseva M.A. , Lebedeva N.M.
Published: October 2019

Intercultural contacts can be both destructive and beneficial to creativity, depending on the characteristics of acculturation. The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between intercultural experiences, acculturation expectations and creativity of Russian students in the context of internationalizing educational environment. Using quantitative methods on a sample of 272 Russian students (average age 21 years, 61% women) we tested hypotheses that the intercultural experiences are directly related to creativity, while acculturation expectations can both mediate this relationship and be an independent predictor of creativity. Our questionnaire included “Many instances” game from the RCAB of M. Runko, acculturation expectations scale (MIRIPS by J.W. Berry), intensity of friendly intercultural contacts scale (MIRIPS by J.W. Berry) and questions about length of staying abroad. The results showed that (1) the duration of stay abroad is positively related to creativity of Russian students; (2) positive relationship between the intensity of intercultural friendly interactions at the university and creativity is partly mediated by acculturation expectation of integration; and (3) expectations of integration and segregation are positively related to creativity, while the expectations of assimilation and exclusion are negatively related.
Will and Self-Regulation: An Interdisciplinary Research Experience
Authors: Savostyanov A.N. , Stepanova V.V. , Tolstykh N.N.
Published: October 2019

The paper presents outcomes and perspectives of the research on the development of will and self-regulation in childhood. The authors implement an interdisciplinary approach that combines psychological, pedagogical, physiological, and neurophysiological exploration of the problem. Will and self-regulation are considered not only as the phenomena of different phenomenology, but also as differing in their genesis. Priority is given to the line of will development associated with the formation of internal movements, corporeality, individuality. It is on this path that self-regulation of behavior is successfully formed. ‘Premature self-regulation’, on the contrary, makes it difficult for free will to develop. At the focus of the interdisciplinary research is the pedagogical technology “School for Developing Individuality” (“Rostok”), which is currently being implemented at an experimental site in Novosibirsk. The psychological views of the authors are in the mainstream of the cultural-historical tradition founded by L.S. Vygotsky, the approaches to the problem of will and self-regulation development of L.I. Bozhovich, A.V. Zaporozhets, A.N. Leontiev. The article, on the one hand, summarizes the results of the many years of work, and on the other hand, outlines the prospects that are associated, in particular, with the continuation of neurophysiological studies carried out on the experimental site. Even the first results obtained make it possible not only to capture objectively the various developmental mechanisms in children learning by different pedagogical technologies, but also to identify new neurophysiological phenomena and to reveal the psychological background of neurophysiological phenomena that have been discovered recently and are still mysterious for science, for example, the default mode network.
Dynamic Rupture Modeling to Investigate the Role of Fault Geometry in Jumping Rupture Between Parallel‐Trace Thrust Faults
Authors: Peshette Paul , Lozos Julian , Yule Doug , Evans Eileen
Published: October 2019

Investigations of historic surface‐rupturing thrust earthquakes suggest that rupture can jump from one fault to another up to 8 km away. Additionally, there are observations of jumping rupture between thrust faults ∼50  km apart. In contrast, previous modeling studies of thrust faults find a maximum jumping rupture distance of merely 0.2 km. Here, we present a dynamic rupture modeling parameter study that attempts to reconcile these differences and determines geometric and stress conditions that promote jumping rupture. We use the 3D finite‐element method to model rupture on pairs of thrust faults with parallel surface traces and opposite dip orientations. We vary stress drop and fault strength ratio to determine conditions that produce jumping rupture at different dip angles and different minimum distance between faults. We find that geometry plays an essential role in determining whether or not rupture will jump to a neighboring thrust fault. Rupture is more likely to jump between faults dipping toward one another at steeper angles, and the behavior tapers down to no rupture jump in shallow dip cases. Our variations of stress parameters emphasize these toward‐orientation results. Rupture jump in faults dipping away from one another is complicated by variations of stress conditions, but the most prominent consistency is that for mid‐dip angle faults rupture rarely jumps. If initial stress conditions are such that they are already close to failure, the possibility of a long‐distance jump increases. Our models call attention to specific geometric and stress conditions where the dynamic rupture front is the most important to potential for jumping rupture. However, our models also highlight the importance of near‐field stress changes due to slip. According to our modeling, the potential for rupture to jump is strongly dependent on both dip angle and orientation of faults.
Site Characterization Using Microtremor Array and Seismic Hazard Assessment for Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Ridwan Mohamad , Cummins Phil R. , Widiyantoro Sri , Irsyam Masyhur
Published: October 2019

Site characterization is one of the most important components in seismic hazard analysis because it accounts for the important effects of near‐surface geology on ground motion. It is usually quantified based on the time‐averaged S‐wave velocity (VS) for the top 30 m of the profile (VS30). In this study, we estimate the site class in Jakarta based on VS structure estimated using microtremor array observations. The results show that microtremor‐derived VS profiles agree well with standard penetration test‐derived profiles at nine sites. The site‐class estimates in the Jakarta area can be divided into two National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program classes: (a) site class E (soft soil) located in alluvium, beach ridge, and alluvial fan deposits in northern and western Jakarta, and (b) site class D (stiff soil) found mainly in alluvial fan deposits in southeastern Jakarta. The variation of VS30 in Jakarta leads to different soil amplification factors that will impact the seismic hazard at the surface. We show that the seismic hazard resulting from selected ground‐motion models (GMMs) illustrates a clear influence of site effects at long periods (>1  s). However, the effect on peak ground acceleration and response spectra for short periods (0.2 s) appear to be less pronounced, due to the GMMs’ treatment of basin effects and nonlinear soil behavior. Available GMMs may not accurately account for such effects in the Jakarta basin, and GMMs specific to Indonesia should be developed to accurately assess seismic hazard there.
Impact of Down‐Dip Rupture Limit and High‐Stress Drop Subevents on Coseismic Land‐Level Change during Cascadia Megathrust Earthquakes
Authors: Wirth Erin A. , Frankel Arthur D.
Published: October 2019

Seismic hazard associated with Cascadia megathrust earthquakes is strongly dependent on the landward rupture extent and heterogeneous fault properties. We use 3D numerical simulations and a seismic velocity model for Cascadia to estimate coseismic deformation due to M 9–9.2 earthquake scenarios. Our earthquake source model is based on observations of the 2010 M 8.8 Maule and 2011 M 9.0 Tohoku earthquakes, which exhibited distinct strong motion‐generating subevents in the deep portion of the fault. We compare our estimates for land‐level change to paleoseismic estimates for coseismic coastal subsidence during the A.D. 1700 Cascadia earthquake. Results show that megathrust rupture extending to the 1  cm/yr locking contour provides a good match to geologic data. In addition, along‐strike variations in coastal subsidence can be matched by including low slip, strong motion‐generating subevents in the down‐dip region of the megathrust. This work demonstrates the potential to improve seismic hazard estimates for Cascadia earthquakes by comparing physics‐based earthquake simulations with geologic observations.
Strong‐Motion Directionality and Evidence of Rupture Directivity Effects during the Chi‐Chi Mw 7.6 Earthquake
Authors: Xie Junju
Published: October 2019

This article investigates the spatial distribution, predominant direction, and variations in the intensity measures (IMs) with orientation for classified pulse‐like and nonpulse motions during Chi‐Chi Mw 7.6 earthquake. The results show evidence of high polarization for long‐period spectral accelerations at relatively large source‐to‐site distances (50–100 km) north of the Chelungpu fault. The polarization of long‐period motions shows a clear correlation with the directivity parameters’ isochrone directivity predictor and ξ, indicating a connection between directionality and rupture directivity. The variation in strong‐motion directionality with the period is also studied. The discrepancy in directionality caused by strong directivity increases with the period from 1 to 10 s, which confirms a clear correlation of period‐dependent directionality with directivity effects. This study finds stronger directionality of pulse‐like motions than nonpulse motions for long periods over 3 s with higher maximum‐to‐median and maximum‐to‐minimum IM ratios. For periods over 3 s, the maximum‐to‐median ratios of pulse‐like motions are higher than the mean prediction of the Shahi and Baker (2014a) model, whereas those of nonpulse motions are lower than the prediction. However, this study does not find simple and clear results for the directions of the maximum component at different periods for pulse‐like and nonpulse motions. Despite clear differences between the unidirectional fling‐step and bidirectional forward directivity pulses, the effects of fling‐step and forward directivity are actually coupled in the waveforms.
Transient Viscosity and Afterslip of the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel, Chile, Earthquake
Authors: Guo Rumeng , Zheng Yong , Xu Jianqiao , Riaz Muhammad Shahid
Published: October 2019

It is usually assumed that short‐term (a few years) postseismic deformation around the rupture zone is caused by continuing slip (afterslip) along the fault interface, and viscoelastic stress relaxation is only responsible for long‐term deformation. In order to verify the validity of this assumption, the initial 1.5 months postseismic displacements following the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake are analyzed based on a multilayered structure model. We explore the possible mechanisms, including afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation, which might have contributed to the postseismic deformation, and aim to distinguish the contributing ratio of different postseismic processes. The results show that either the models of kinematic afterslip or viscoelastic stress relaxation individually cannot match the observed horizontal and vertical postseismic displacements satisfactorily. However, a combined model considering both afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation effects can reduce the data misfit significantly and is more physically reasonable. In the preferred combined model, the transient viscosities of the lower crust and upper mantle are ∼6×1017  Pa s and ∼9×1017  Pa s, respectively. The difference between the afterslip distribution of the pure afterslip model and that of the combined model indicates that previous models based on pure elastic assumption have substantially underestimated the afterslip updip of the rupture zone, and overestimated the afterslip downdip of the rupture zone. Therefore, the role of viscoelastic stress relaxation is indispensable in the study of transient postseismic deformation following a large earthquake, which contradicts the conventional concept about deformation mechanisms of early postseismic process.
Clinical Trial Design, Endpoints and Regulatory Considerations in Heart Failure
Authors: Rosano Giuseppe
Published: October 2019

After the withdrawal of flosequinan in the early 1990’s, because of an increased risk of mortality and fatal arrhythmias, the bar for the approval of new drugs in heart failure has been raised and regulatory agencies have requested evidence for the efficacy of new treatments on mortality and morbidity end-points. However, more recently, regulatory agencies have become more open to include the assessment of functional capacity as an efficacy endpoint, at least in selected subgroups of patients. Therefore, a new therapy for the treatment of heart failure can be approved if it improves survival and/or reduces hospitalisations or if it safely improves functional capacity. This article reviews clinical trial design, trial endpoints and regulatory issues in Heart Failure trials.
Modulation of Cardiac Metabolism in Heart Failure
Authors: Rosano Giuseppe , Coats Andrew
Published: October 2019

Heart failure is associated with altered cardiac metabolism, in part, due to maladaptive mechanisms, in part secondary to comorbidities such as diabetes and ischaemic heart disease. The metabolic derangements taking place in heart failure are not limited to the cardiac myocytes, but extend to skeletal muscles and the vasculature causing changes that contribute to the worsening of exercise capacity. Modulation of cardiac metabolism with partial inhibition of free fatty acid oxidation has been shown to be beneficial in patients with heart failure. At the present, the bulk of evidence for this class of drugs comes from Trimetazidine. Newer compounds partially inhibiting free fatty acid oxidation or facilitating the electron transport on the mitochondrial cristae are in early phase of their clinical development.
Hypoglycaemic Agents in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Rosano Giuseppe , Seferović Petar
Published: October 2019

No Abstract
Diálogo de El Bosco y Reinaldo Arenas en el verano tropical. La historia de una novela convertida en pintura
Authors: Capote Hernández Leonel Capote
Published: October 2019

Reinaldo Arenas, integrante del boom literario hispanoamericano de los años sesenta y setenta, revolucionó la forma de concebir la ficción. Se interesó por la obra de El Bosco y la relacionó con su obra escrita. Realizó un proyecto revolucionario de apropiación artística concediéndole un papel protagónico en su novela El color del verano o Nuevo jardín de las delicias a una artista que pinta una parodia del tríptico El jardín de las delicias, extensión de la novela convertida en pintura. Este artículo es parte de una tesis doctoral  con lectura iconográfica, alquímica y semiótica de El color del verano. Su metodología incluye rastreo bibliográfico, revisión de archivos, fuentes materiales, etc. Los resultados evidencian el apego de Arenas por la obra de El Bosco y el interés de ambos por temas que afectaron sus vidas: política, religión, sociedad, sexo, etc.
The Muffled Voice. On The Conventional Character of Literature
Authors: Karcz Andrzej
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 59 (2011), issue 1.

In the article a reflection is proposed on literature’s inner problems concentrated around the concept of literary convention. It seems that in the postmodernist demands to give more attention to those voices in literature that up till now have been “muffled,” “passed over” and “oppressed,” the meaning of the concept of “convention” has been distorted. However, its proper understanding is as elementary for the existence and development of literature as treating a literary work as an artificially organized form, and not as the writer’s confession. The author of the article, on the basis of the definitions formulated by the formalist-structuralist school, discusses the inner, aesthetic laws of literature dictated and defined by literary convention and tradition, and he indicates that it is them – more than political, social or moral causes—that in the natural process of creation and development of literature cause that some voices, perhaps, cannot be fully heard.
The Fall of the Chorupnik Parish. A Contribution to the History of the Reformation in Poland
Authors: Szady Bogumił
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 61 (2013), issue 2.

The article addresses the question of the fall of the Latin parish in Chorupnik that belonged to the former diocese of Chełm. The parish church in Chorupnik was taken over by Protestants in the second half of the 16th century. Unsuccessful attempts at recovering its property were made by incorporating it into the neighbouring parish in Gorzków. The actions taken by the Gorzków parish priest and the bishop together with his chapter failed, too. A detailed study of such attempts to recover the property of one of the parishes that ceased to exist during the Reformation falls within the context of the relations between the nobility and the clergy in the period of Counter-Reformation. Studying the social, legal and economic relations in a local dimension is important for understanding the mechanisms of the mass transition of the nobility to reformed denominations, and then of their return to the Catholic Church.
The Development of a Parish Network and the Beginnings of Decanal Structure in the Diocese of Kraków until the end of the Twelfth Century. An Attempt at a Summary
Authors: Chachaj Jacek
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 56 (2008), issue 2.

The paper is an attempt to sum up studies to date on the development of  the parish network and the organisation of deaneries in the Diocese of Kraków until the end of the twelfth century. Historians at large and Church historians in particular who dealt with these issues in the 1990s put forward a hypothesis concerning the establishment of deaneries and a number of temples in the Krakow diocese before 1200. The paper confronts this hypothesis with the claims of historians. In the recent years, either indirectly or directly, they have addressed the development of the territorial organisation of the Kraków diocese until the end of the twelfth century. The paper offers a critical appraisal of their findings. In conclusion, the  hypothesis is put forward that the establishment of the network of deaneries in the Kraków diocese was a one-time action. The initiative was most obviously Bishop Gedko’s in the 1170s, as a result of which there appeared over 1200 churches in the territory of the Kraków diocese.
The Image of Parish Clergy Based on Wincenty de Seve’s Inspection (1608–1609)—Selected Aspects
Authors: Jabłońska Anna
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 65 (2017), issue 2

The article discusses an important period in Church history, namely the so-called Church reform. It occurred after King Zygmunt August (1564) and the Polish clergy (1577) had adopted the resolutions of the Council of Trent. The implementation of those resolutions started at the turn of the 17th century. One of the proposals was to renew the life of clergy—their attitude to obligations and improvement of morals, customs and even appearance. Wincenty de Seve’s inspection in the years 1608–1609 concerned the area of the archdeaconry of Gniezno. For the purposes of this article, its four deaneries were analysed, i.e. Holy Trinity, Saints Peter and Paul, Łekno and Sompolno.

The main purpose of the visitation was to inspect the parish, which played an extremely important role in society. The article discusses the image of the parish clergy emerging from the findings of the inspection, which took into account guidelines for the reform. This image shows that both those who were role models and those who drastically violated various norms were exceptions. The most numerous group were priests, who mostly met the requirements, but various irregularities were noticeable. The biggest problems of the next, slightly smaller group were women and alcohol. The offences also included ignorance, sloppiness and inappropriate clothing.

The inspection shows that at the beginning of the 17th century, attempts were made to implement the reform of parish clergy, but traces of old habits and new requirements were still to go hand in hand.
Aristotle’s Poetics versus Modern Theories of Drama
Authors: Chodkowski Robert R.
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 57 (2009), issue 3.

This paper seeks to prove that there are no grounds in the Poetics to ascribe to Aristotle the views identified with the literary theory of drama because he does not identify drama with a verbal work. On the contrary, the spectacular dimension of tragedy is for Aristotle one of the distinctive feature of tragedy vis-à-vis epos, which for him is only – to use our modern terms—a literary work. Thus, the visual element (ὄψις or ὄψεως κόσμος) is not only very important for Aristotle, but it is even a necessary component of tragedy. Indeed there are some remarks in the Poetics that suggest tragedy may exist without ὄψις, but this is only regarded as a hypothetical situation, analogical to the one when he argues that tragedy may exist without characters. In fact, however, both ὄψις and characters are regarded by Aristotle as necessary components of tragedy. He makes his considerations assuming both components. At the same time, he treats tragedy not as a text but a theatrical work in which mimesis can be conducted by the “acting persons” (πράττοντες). They are understood not as literary figures, but as stage embodiments of the heroes whose psychophysical ontic paradigms are actors.
Fantasy or a Transcendent Experience? Study of the Painting Ascent into Heaven by Jheronimus Bosch from the Palazzo Ducale in Venice
Authors: Kubies Grzegorz
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 63 (2015), issue 4.

The painting Ascent into Heaven (88.8 x 39.9 cm; dendrological dating: 1482–1490) kept in the Palazzo Ducale in Venice is one of the four eschatological panels (the other three are: Earthly Paradise, Fall of the Damned, Hell) which probably were in the collection of the Venetian Cardinal Domenico Grimani in the 1520s. The panels’ original arrangement and function are unknown. The paintings are not signed and their attribution to Jheronimus Bosch (c. 1450–1516 ) is based largely on the grounds of stylistic criteria. In the study, I put Ascent into Heaven into two fundamental contexts for the iconographic analysis of this work: eschatological literature and Netherlandish/ Flemish painting and in the context of near-death experiences (NDE) as well. The answer to the question posed in the title of the study must remain twofold. On the basis of the data gathered in the study, the content of the painting can be comprehended by references to the most frequently quoted sources of inspiration for Bosch: one painting by Dieric Bouts (left wing of the Last Judgement Altarpiece; Lille, Palais des Beaux Arts), two illuminations by Simon Marmion (Le livre des sept Ages du monde; Brussels, Bibliothèque royale de Belgique, Ms. 9047, fols. IV & 12r) and a literary work Dat rike der ghelieven by Jan van Ruusbroec. Its content can be equally understood by reference to the role of the painter’s imagination (categories of inventio and fantasia), using his theological and astronomical knowledge. The above line of interpretation that emphasizes the influence of biblical logosphere, takes into account undeniable religious experience of the painter from ‘s-Hertogenbosch resulting from being a member of the Church. The factor of an epistemological importance which influences the form of the answer to the title question is hypothetical non-verifiable Bosch’s personal transcendental experience, thus it becomes impossible to evaluate the translation of what is spiritual (experience) into visual (image). Due to the elusive, not fully scientific nature of NDE this phenomenon should be excluded from the final conclusion.
Epiphanies of the Exiles: Exile from the Heritage of Tradition
Authors: Garbol Tomasz
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne vol. 61, issue 2 (2014).

The article is concerned with the function of the experience of exile that is a model for literary epiphanies. The starting point is showing the significance of this experience in James Joyce’s presentation of the epiphany that is formative for modern literature. Examples from Czesław Miłosz’s and Zbigniew Herbert’s works are material for interpreting two important reinterpretations of the epiphany based on the experience of exile.
Herbert’s Postcolonial Antiquity and Defensive Nationalism
Authors: Uffelmann Dirk
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of this article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne vol. 65, issue 1 (2017).

This paper proposes a postcolonial reading of antiquity motifs from Zbigniew Herbert’s po-ems from the times of socialism. References to ancient history, mythology, and biblical allusions are interpreted as allegories of the political culture in the Polish People’s Republic. While in his poems written between 1956 and 1990 Herbert depicts communism as an attempt at Russian colonization of Poland, in seminal texts the focus lies mainly on the internal effects for the Polish colonized mind.

Linking communist Moscow to ancient Rome, Herbert accomplishes a peculiar anti-imperial translatio imperii. It is this trans-chronic perspective of Herbert’s poems which allows for rounding off the paper with connecting Herbert’s anti-imperial attitude with defensive nationalism and proposing recent right-wing tendencies in the Polish appropriation of post-colonial theory (Ewa Thompson et al.) as a heuristic model for understanding Herbert’s civil position during communism.
On Bruno Schulz’s Demythologization of Reality
Authors: Durkalewicz Wiktoria
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne vol. 62, issue 1 (2014).

This article is an attempt at an analysis of the changes occurring in the area of Schulz’s narrative identity that is being constituted. It is assumed that the turning point for Schulz’s personal myth was first of all the success of The Street of Crocodiles and a number of events in his personal life (splitting up with his fiancée, his brother’s death, his health problems). Each of these factors starts to influence, in its own way, the writer’s questioning of the possibility to continue writing, that is, interpreting the world, discovering history, “making reality sensible.” The success of The Street of Crocodiles becomes a challenge that is difficult to respond to in these new conditions. The writer’s “brilliant epoch,” the epoch of “writing for himself,” comes to an end. The “Schulz” issue is in danger of sinking into oblivion. The narrative space is gradually transformed into a space of coping with alienation, division, loneliness. These motifs are articulated in a special way in the stories Dodo, The Pensioner, and Loneliness. If, in these stories, overcoming failure in life is indeed impossible (Dodo) or proceeds owing to “sponging off somebody [else]’s life” (The Pensioner), or “parasitizing metaphors” (Loneliness), in The Homeland the rewriting of an individual myth ab origine takes place. The act of this “rewriting” is understood as consequently departing from the basic principles of Schulz’s literary hermeneutics and philosophy of literature. The reality appearing as a result of this departure is a reality that is not rooted in genuine experience, a quasi-reality of “negative values,” a reality of a narrative disaster signaling the definitive “death of Bruno the Great.”
Polish Literature in Israel: Between the Memory of Europe and a New Life
Authors: Prokop-Janiec Eugenia
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne vol. 64, issue 1 (2016).

The article presents Polish literature in Israel as literature written by migrants: a response to the experience of being relocated and of functioning between different cultures. The subject of the analyses are the paraphrases, travesties and parodies of works by Adam Mickiewicz that are present in Polish-Israeli literature. Referring to the canon texts of Polish literature in them serves the recording of life in Israel. Using Polish literary patterns in stories about the new life and inscribing the Israeli world, as well as signs of Hebrew culture, into them is interpreted as a peculiar correlate of the experience of migration.
Maternity Leave of a Prison Service Officer
Authors: Kumor-Jezierska Ewelina
Published: October 2019

The study examines maternity leave regulations in a situation where both parents or legal guardians of a child are officers of the Polish Prison Service, or one of them is a PS officer, and the other is an employee or insured on the basis other than the employment relationship, e.g. a contract of mandate. The latest amendment of 24 July 2015 amending the Labour Code Act and certain other laws has extended the range of cases where it is possible for other eligible persons to use part of maternity leave. The new solution enable not only the parents of the child but also other immediate family members to use part of maternity leave. The complexity of the provisions related to parental rights makes interpretation difficult. Moreover, neither the Prison Service Act nor the provision of Article 29 para. 5 of the Act on cash benefits from social insurance, referred to by the Labour Code, specifies which specific persons can be regarded as the closest family. Proper determination of entitled persons is crucial, as it entails the payment of benefits financed by the State, and also, on the basis of the Act on Prison Service, the legislator guarantees protection of the public service relationship by virtue of Article 108 to officers (regardless of the eligible person’s gender and the degree of relationship) taking maternity leave or holiday leave on the terms of maternity leave.
Organization of Branches of the National Bank of Poland after World War II in the So-Called “Regained Territories” as Illustrated by the Bank’s Branch Office in Racibórz in the Years 1945–1947
Authors: Pokoj Jakub
Published: October 2019

The aim of this paper is to analyse the issues regarding the process of organising branches of Narodowy Bank Polski in the so-called “Regained Territories” based on the example of the National Bank of Poland’s branch office in Racibórz. First, the communist authorities’ attitude towards the banking system was discussed. Secondly, the legislation in the field of banking was analysed, especially the Decree on the National Bank of Poland of 15 January 1945. Then, the archival sources regarding the Racibórz branch of NBP were analysed. The final part of the article was devoted to conclusions based on the research.
A Gloss to the Decision of the Supreme Court of 16 October 2014, File Ref. No. III Csk 301/13
Authors: Wolak Grzegorz
Published: October 2019

The gloss addresses the decision of 16 October 2014, III CSK 301/13, in which the Supreme Court adopted the position that a member of the governing body of a legal entity may, in principle, be a witness to making a testament in which a benefit is provided for that legal person. Similarly, in the Supreme Court’s opinion, a witness to the making of a will may, in principle, be a member of a corporate legal person for which a benefit is provided in that will. The author offers a critical assessment of that position. He considers as appropriate the view according to which a last will in which a benefit is envisaged for a legal person cannot, in principle, be witnessed by either an officer of such a legal entity, or by any member (shareholder) of a corporate legal person.
Material Security for Maritime Claims in Interwar Poland
Authors: Dworas-Kulik Judyta
Published: October 2019

The costs related to the construction, purchase, repairs or operation of a sea-going vessel, in particular expenses associated with port fees, fuel, crew and its maintenance during the voyage, were very high and therefore ship owners took out loans secured against their vessel or its cargo to finance the intended operations. Undoubtedly, the development of maritime transport at the turn of 20th century contributed to international unification of maritime law in respect of privileged claims on ships and maritime mortgage. The need for unification of regulations resulted from the necessity to provide creditors with real satisfaction of their claims, because the diversity of local regulations, especially the number of maritime liens created under different legal systems and the hierarchy of their application limited the importance of maritime mortgage. The content of international regulations became the basis for the development of Polish regulations concerning physical collaterals for maritime claims in the era of the Polish People’s Republic. It should be added that the maritime law of the interwar period is barely touched on in the available literature on the subject, so this study contributes to the subject of maritime claims.
A Settlement Reached before a Mediator and a Court Settlement—a Gloss to the Judgment of the Court of Appeal in Katowice of 23 September 2016, File Ref. no. I Aca 404/16
Authors: Dąbrowski Marek
Published: October 2019

The gloss discusses the considerations of the proposition formulated in the justification for the judgement of the Court of Appeal, in which it was assumed that the difference between a settlement agreement concluded before the court and an agreement concluded before a mediator and approved by the court is that only the agreement concluded before the court has the legal force equal to that of a notarial deed. The presented doubts relate to the part of the reasoning concerning a settlement reached before a mediator and which has been “approved by the court.”
Comprehensive Treatment of Patients with Lymphedema of the Lower Extremities
Authors: Yarovenko Galina Victorovna , Myshentsev Pavel Nikolaevich
Published: October 2019

Comprehensive treatment with the use of gravitational therapy was carried out in 56 patients aged from 19 to 68 years. By the method of serial sampling, patients were grouped into 2 groups I-III stages of lymphedema. The first group of patients with primary lymphedema of the lower extremities - 16, the second group of patients with secondary lymphedema - 40. In the examination and treatment of patients, in combination with known methods, gravitational therapy was used. Clinical improvement of the manifestations of the disease, positive changes in the lymphatic drainage, microcirculation, condition of the soft tissues of the lower extremities, mainly in patients with stages I and II, confirmed by computed tomography, triplex scanning, thermography, ultrasound examination of the inguinal lymph nodes and soft tissues, hydrophilic McClura test and Aldrich. It has been established that the use of gravitational effects in combination with contractions of the gastrocnemius muscles stimulates external and internal factors of lymphatic drainage and increases the effectiveness of complex treatment of patients with lower limb lymphedema. However, the low effectiveness of the method of gravitational therapy in patients with primary lymphedema was noted.
The Model of Acute Pancreatitis of Different Degree in Experiment
Authors: Nazarenko Petr Mihailovich , Konoplya Аlexsandr Ivanovich , Mekailyan Paul Cherepovich , Loktionov Alex Leonidovich , Nazarenko Dmitriy Petrovich , Tarasov Oleg Nikolaevich , Samgina Tatyana Alexandrovna , Loyko Ekateryna Anatolievna , Buschmina Olga Nikolaevna
Published: October 2019

Relevance of the topic. Acute pancreatitis (OP) is originally an aseptic inflammation of the pancreas, with possible damage to the surrounding tissues and individual organs, as well as systems, which is the third most common after acute appendicitis and acute cholecystitis in the number of patients. In this regard, an experimental model is needed to further determine the tactics of management and treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis of varying severity.

Objective: to develop a universal model of acute pancreatitis with the ability to control the area of ​​pancreatic necrosis through the use of various overlays (distal or proximal to the confluence of the accessory pancreatic duct into the common bile duct) of the ligature, which will ensure the development of total or subtotal pancreatonecrosis.

Materials and methods. Matured white Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were chosen as objects for the study. The simulation of acute pancreatitis in the experiment was carried out using a 50% bile solution (pH = 6.0) followed by intraductal injection without cannulation of the major duodenal papilla. To control the degree of severity and area of ​​the pancreas lesion, we use the staged overlay of turnstiles at the confluence of the additional pancreatic ducts and the common bile duct, which ensures the development of acute pancreatitis of varying severity. On the 5th day, the rats were removed from the experiment, an autopsy was performed with the removal of pancreatic preparations for further histological examination. The evaluation of the immune and oxidative parameters of the blood of experimental animals. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed using descriptive and variation statistics techniques.

Results. In the course of this work, moderate and severe acute pancreatitis is modeled, which allows us to focus on the course of each subject to variation statistics, determining their reliability, which is an important condition for creating the necessary platform for further study of the management and treatment of this disease.

Findings. I use the resulting model, we managed:

- to obtain a high reliable result of operations with minimal death of experimental animals, i.e. high repeatability of positive results;

- perform an accessible operation with obvious technical simplicity;

- see the possibility of a simulated disease for a long time up to 5 or more days, which subsequently allows medical intervention and testing of new dosage forms and drugs for treatment and studying their effects.

Thus, it is possible to judge the universality of this model of acute pancreatitis under experimental conditions.
Mikhail Izrailevich PERELMAN - Russian and Soviet surgeon, academician of the USSR Academy of medical Sciences — RAMN
(to the 95th of birthday)
Authors: Andreev Alexander Alexeevich , Ostroushko Anton Petrovich
Published: October 2019

Mikhail israelevich was born on December 20, 1924 in Minsk. He lived in the cities of Borisov, Gomel and Vitebsk. With the beginning of the war he went to the Caucasus, where in 1941 he entered the North Ossetian medical Institute (Vladikavkaz), moving to study in Novosibirsk, Yaroslavl. From 1944 to 1951 he worked as an assistant of the departments of normal anatomy, topographic anatomy and operative surgery, hospital surgery of Yaroslavl medical Institute, doctor of the regional station of sanitary aviation. In the summer of 1947 he worked in the hospitals of Kologriv, Rybinsk. From 1954 to 1955-assistant of the Department of operative surgery and topographic anatomy of the 1st Moscow medical Institute, and then associate Professor at the course of surgery of pulmonary tuberculosis at the Department of tuberculosis of the Central Institute of advanced medical. From 1958 to 1962-head of the Department of surgery of the small circle of blood circulation in the research Institute of experimental biology and medicine of the Siberian branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk), from 1963 thoracic surgery research Institute of clinical and experimental surgery of the USSR Ministry of health (now rsch RAMS), which led for 18 years. In 1964 he was awarded the title of Professor and this year he is a consultant of the 4th Main Directorate of the Ministry of health of the USSR. Since 1966-Chairman of the problem Commission "Thoracic surgery" Of the scientific Council on surgery of RAMS. From 1969 to 1991-General Secretary of the all-Union society of surgeons. Since 1971-member Of the international society of surgeons. In 1980 he was elected a corresponding member, and in 1986 academician of the Academy of medical Sciences of the USSR. In 1981, he moved to the position of head of the Department, and then Director of the Institute of Phthisiopulmonology of the Moscow medical Academy. I. M. Sechenov, became a consultant Of the Russian scientific center of surgery RAMS. M. I. Perelman author of 24 monographs and books, 32 chapters in domestic and foreign manuals and books, 35 articles in encyclopedias, 250 articles in the Central domestic and foreign journals, author or consultant of 9 scientific and educational films, was the supervisor of 68 candidate and scientific consultant in the preparation of 25 doctoral dissertations. Mikhail was the editor-in-chief of the journal "problems of tuberculosis and lung diseases", Deputy editor-in-chief of the "medical referral journal", a member of the editorial Board of the multi-volume edition of "International Trendsin" General Thoracic Surgery", magazines of" world of Surgery"," Pulmonology "and"world of Surgery". In 2013, Mikhail Perelman died and was buried at Novodevichy cemetery.