bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water budget modelling of the Upper Blue Nile basin using the JGrass-NewAge model system and satellite data
Authors: Abera Wuletawu , Formetta Giuseppe , Brocca Luca , Rigon Riccardo
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The Upper Blue Nile basin is one of the most data-scarce regions in the world, hence, the hydrological information required for informed decision making in water resources management is limited. The hydrological complexity of the basin, tied with the lack of hydrometerological data, means that most hydrological studies in the region are either restricted to small subbasins where there are relatively better hydrometeorological data available, or at the whole basin scale but at very coarse time scales and spatial resolutions. In this study, we develop a methodology that can improve the state-of-art by using the available, but sparse, hydrometerological data and satellite products. To this scope, we use the JGrass-NewAGE system to estimates the water budget components (Precipitation J, Evapotranspiration ET, discharge Q, and storage ds/dt). The satellite products SM2R-CCI is used for obtaining the rainfall inputs; SAF EUMETSAT for cloud cover fraction for proper net radiation estimation; GLEAM for comparison with estimated ET; and GRACE gravimetry data also for comparison of the total water storage amounts available. Results are obtained at daily time-steps for the period 1994–2009 (16 years), and they can be used as a reference for any water resource development activities in the region. The overall long term mean budget analysis shows that precipitation of the basin is 1360 ± 230 mm per year. Evaporation covers 56 % of the yearly budget, runoff is 33 %. Storage varies from minus 9.7 % to plus 6.9 % of the budget.
DETERMINING SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE COEFFICIENTS FROM HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES OBTAINED FROM LOW ALTITUDES
Authors: Walczykowski P. , Jenerowicz A. , Orych A. , Siok K.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Remote Sensing plays very important role in many different study fields, like hydrology, crop management, environmental and ecosystem studies. For all mentioned areas of interest different remote sensing and image processing techniques, such as: image classification (object and pixel- based), object identification, change detection, etc. can be applied. Most of this techniques use spectral reflectance coefficients as the basis for the identification and distinction of different objects and materials, e.g. monitoring of vegetation stress, identification of water pollutants, yield identification, etc. Spectral characteristics are usually acquired using discrete methods such as spectrometric measurements in both laboratory and field conditions. Such measurements however can be very time consuming, which has led many international researchers to investigate the reliability and accuracy of using image-based methods. According to published and ongoing studies, in order to acquire these spectral characteristics from images, it is necessary to have hyperspectral data. The presented article describes a series of experiments conducted using the push-broom Headwall MicroHyperspec A-series VNIR. This hyperspectral scanner allows for registration of images with more than 300 spectral channels with a 1.9 nm spectral bandwidth in the 380- 1000 nm range. The aim of these experiments was to establish a methodology for acquiring spectral reflectance characteristics of different forms of land cover using such sensor. All research work was conducted in controlled conditions from low altitudes. Hyperspectral images obtained with this specific type of sensor requires a unique approach in terms of post-processing, especially radiometric correction. Large amounts of acquired imagery data allowed the authors to establish a new post- processing approach. The developed methodology allowed the authors to obtain spectral reflectance coefficients from a hyperspectral sensor mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle, ensuring a high accuracy of obtained data.
HYPERSPECTRAL ANOMALY DETECTION IN URBAN SCENARIOS
Authors: Rejas Ayuga J. G. , Martínez Marín R. , Marchamalo Sacristán M. , Bonatti J. , Ojeda J. C.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. We have studied the spectral features of reflectance and emissivity in the pattern recognition of urban materials in several single hyperspectral scenes through a comparative analysis of anomaly detection methods and their relationship with city surfaces with the aim to improve information extraction processes. Spectral ranges of the visible-near infrared (VNIR), shortwave infrared (SWIR) and thermal infrared (TIR) from hyperspectral data cubes of AHS sensor and HyMAP and MASTER of two cities, Alcalá de Henares (Spain) and San José (Costa Rica) respectively, have been used. In this research it is assumed no prior knowledge of the targets, thus, the pixels are automatically separated according to their spectral information, significantly differentiated with respect to a background, either globally for the full scene, or locally by image segmentation. Several experiments on urban scenarios and semi-urban have been designed, analyzing the behaviour of the standard RX anomaly detector and different methods based on subspace, image projection and segmentation-based anomaly detection methods. A new technique for anomaly detection in hyperspectral data called DATB (Detector of Anomalies from Thermal Background) based on dimensionality reduction by projecting targets with unknown spectral signatures to a background calculated from thermal spectrum wavelengths is presented. First results and their consequences in non-supervised classification and extraction information processes are discussed.
A BAND SELECTION METHOD FOR SUB-PIXEL TARGET DETECTION IN HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES BASED ON LABORATORY AND FIELD REFLECTANCE SPECTRAL COMPARISON
Authors: Sharifi hashjin S. , Darvishi A. , Khazai S. , Hatami F. , Jafari houtki M.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. In recent years, developing target detection algorithms has received growing interest in hyperspectral images. In comparison to the classification field, few studies have been done on dimension reduction or band selection for target detection in hyperspectral images. This study presents a simple method to remove bad bands from the images in a supervised manner for sub-pixel target detection. The proposed method is based on comparing field and laboratory spectra of the target of interest for detecting bad bands. For evaluation, the target detection blind test dataset is used in this study. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve efficiency of the two well-known target detection methods, ACE and CEM.
COMPARING BROAD-BAND AND RED EDGE-BASED SPECTRAL VEGETATION INDICES TO ESTIMATE NITROGEN CONCENTRATION OF CROPS USING CASI DATA
Authors: Wang Yanjie , Liao Qinhong , Yang Guijun , Feng Haikuan , Yang Xiaodong , Yue Jibo
Published: June 2016

Abstract. In recent decades, many spectral vegetation indices (SVIs) have been proposed to estimate the leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC) of crops. However, most of these indices were based on the field hyperspectral reflectance. To test whether they can be used in aerial remote platform effectively, in this work a comparison of the sensitivity between several broad-band and red edge-based SVIs to LNC is investigated over different crop types. By using data from experimental LNC values over 4 different crop types and image data acquired using the Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) sensor, the extensive dataset allowed us to evaluate broad-band and red edge-based SVIs. The result indicated that NDVI performed the best among the selected SVIs while red edge-based SVIs didn’t show the potential for estimating the LNC based on the CASI data due to the spectral resolution. In order to search for the optimal SVIs, the band combination algorithm has been used in this work. The best linear correlation against the experimental LNC dataset was obtained by combining the 626.20nm and 569.00nm wavebands. These wavelengths correspond to the maximal chlorophyll absorption and reflection position region, respectively, and are known to be sensitive to the physiological status of the plant. Then this linear relationship was applied to the CASI image for generating an LNC map, which can guide farmers in the accurate application of their N fertilization strategies.
ASSESSMENT OF MULTIRESOLUTION SEGMENTATION FOR EXTRACTING GREENHOUSES FROM WORLDVIEW-2 IMAGERY
Authors: Aguilar M. A. , Aguilar F. J. , García Lorca A. , Guirado E. , Betlej M. , Cichon P. , Nemmaoui A. , Vallario A. , Parente C.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The latest breed of very high resolution (VHR) commercial satellites opens new possibilities for cartographic and remote sensing applications. In this way, object based image analysis (OBIA) approach has been proved as the best option when working with VHR satellite imagery. OBIA considers spectral, geometric, textural and topological attributes associated with meaningful image objects. Thus, the first step of OBIA, referred to as segmentation, is to delineate objects of interest. Determination of an optimal segmentation is crucial for a good performance of the second stage in OBIA, the classification process. The main goal of this work is to assess the multiresolution segmentation algorithm provided by eCognition software for delineating greenhouses from WorldView- 2 multispectral orthoimages. Specifically, the focus is on finding the optimal parameters of the multiresolution segmentation approach (i.e., Scale, Shape and Compactness) for plastic greenhouses. The optimum Scale parameter estimation was based on the idea of local variance of object heterogeneity within a scene (ESP2 tool). Moreover, different segmentation results were attained by using different combinations of Shape and Compactness values. Assessment of segmentation quality based on the discrepancy between reference polygons and corresponding image segments was carried out to identify the optimal setting of multiresolution segmentation parameters. Three discrepancy indices were used: Potential Segmentation Error (PSE), Number-of-Segments Ratio (NSR) and Euclidean Distance 2 (ED2).
LEAF AREA INDEX RETRIEVED FROM THERMAL HYPERSPECTRAL DATA
Authors: Neinavaz Elnaz , Skidmore Andrew K. , Darvishzadeh Roshanak , Groen Thomas A.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Leaf area index (LAI) is an important essential biodiversity variable due to its role in many terrestrial ecosystem processes such as evapotranspiration, energy balance, and gas exchanges as well as plant growth potential. A novel approach presented here is the retrieval of LAI using thermal infrared (8–14 μm, TIR) measurements. Here, we evaluate LAI retrieval using TIR hyperspectral data. Canopy emissivity spectral measurements were recorded under controlled laboratory conditions using a MIDAC (M4401-F) illuminator Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer for two plant species during which LAI was destructively measured. The accuracy of retrieval for LAI was then assessed using partial least square regression (PLSR) and narrow band index calculated in the form of normalized difference index from all possible combinations of wavebands. The obtained accuracy from the PLSR for LAI retrieval was relatively higher than narrow-band vegetation index (0.54 < R2 < 0.74). The results demonstrated that LAI may successfully be estimated from hyperspectral thermal data. The study highlights the potential of hyperspectral thermal data for retrieval of vegetation biophysical variables at the canopy level for the first time.
Three-year monitoring of stable isotopes of precipitation at Concordia Station, East Antarctica
Authors: Stenni Barbara , Scarchilli Claudio , Masson-Delmotte Valerie , Schlosser Elisabeth , Ciardini Virginia , Dreossi Giuliano , Grigioni Paolo , Bonazza Mattia , Cagnati Anselmo , Karlicek Daniele , Risi Camille , Udisti Roberto , Valt Mauro
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Past temperature reconstructions from Antarctic ice cores require a good quantification and understanding of the relationship between snow isotopic composition and 2&thninsp;m air or inversion (condensation) temperature. Here, we focus on the French-Italian Concordia Station, central East Antarctic plateau, where the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) Dome C ice cores were drilled. We provide a multi-year record of daily precipitation types identified from crystal morphologies, daily precipitation amounts, and isotopic composition. Our sampling period (2008–2010) encompasses a warmer year (2009, +1.6 °C with respect to 2&thninsp;m air temperature period average), with larger total precipitation and snowfall amounts (14 %, 76 % above average, respectively), and a colder and drier year (2010, −1.4 °C, 4 % below average, respectively) with larger diamond dust amounts (49 % above average). Relationships between local meteorological data and precipitation isotopic composition are investigated at daily, monthly and inter-annual scale, and for the different types of precipitation. Water stable isotopes are more closely related to 2 m air temperature than to inversion temperature at all time scales (e.g. R2 = 0.63 and 0.44, respectively for daily values). The slope of the temporal relationship between daily d18O and 2 m air temperature is approximately two times smaller (0.49 ‰/°C) than the average Antarctic spatial (0.8 ‰/°C) relationship initially used for the interpretation of EPICA Dome C records. In accordance to results from precipitation monitoring at Vostok and Dome F, deuterium excess is anti-correlated with δ18O at daily and monthly scales, reaching maximum values in winter. Hoar frost precipitation samples have a specific fingerprint with more depleted d18O (about 5 ‰ below average) and higher deuterium excess (about 8 ‰ above average) values than other precipitation types. These datasets provide a basis for comparison with shallow ice core records, to investigate post-deposition effects. A preliminary comparison between observations and precipitation from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) re-analysis and the simulated water stable isotopes from the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Zoom atmospheric general circulation model (LMDZiso), shows that models do correctly capture the amount of precipitation as well as more than 50 % of the variance of the observed δ18O, driven by large scale weather patterns. Despite a warm bias and an underestimation of the variance in water stable isotopes, LMDZiso correctly captures these relationships between δ18O, 2 m air temperature and deuterium excess. Our dataset is therefore available for further in depth model evaluation at the synoptic scale.
Innledning
Authors: Aase Asbjørn
Published: June 2016

ETopic: Geographical epidemiologyNGLISH ABSTRACTThis volume of the Norwegian Journal of Epidemiology is dedicated to geographical epidemiologyand appears as a meeting place between epidemiologists with an interest in geography and medicalgeographers. All 11 articles have English summaries and two are written in English.
The Role of WhatsApp in Teaching Vocabulary to Iranian EFL Learners at Junior High School
Authors: Jafari Sanaz , Chalak Azizeh
Published: June 2016

The availability and the use of mobile messaging applications are increasingly widespread among the new generation of students in Iran. The present study aimed to investigate the role of WhatsApp in the vocabulary learning improvement of Iranian junior high school EFL students. Using a mixed method design, a group of 60 students including 30 male and 30 female students studying at two male and female junior high schools in Isfahan, Iran participated in the study. A pre-test and post-test were used. Four English classes were instructed and the experimental group received vocabulary instructions electronically four days a week for four weeks using the WhatsApp while the control group was taught vocabularies of their textbook inside the classroom by traditional method used in all Iranian schools for teaching English to students. The results revealed that using WhatsApp had significant role in vocabulary learning of the students. The results also showed that there was not a substantial difference between male and female students regarding their vocabulary knowledge after using WhatsApp. The findings of this study can be beneficial to Iranian EFL students, teachers, language schools, policy makers, and syllabus designers.
Examining the Relationship between Economic Variables and Financial Performance of the Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
Authors: Nazari Ali Akbar , Shadmehri Mohammad Taher Ahmadi
Published: June 2016

This study aims to identify long-term financial performance of the companies in Tehran Stock Exchange and some economic variables like inflation rate, liquidity growth rate, exchange rate, and oil income. In this study, data was analyzed in a quarterly form from 2005-2013 using self-regression with distributional lags. Results of co-integration test showed a long-term correlation between economic variables and growth rate of cash return index. The long-term correlation between growth rate of cash return index and oil return and exchange rate was negative while the correlation between growth rate of cash return index and inflation rate was positive. Also, the significance of cash growth rate coefficient was rejected at 90% significance level.
A New 30-nor Trijugin-type Limonoid, Chisotrijugin, from the Bark of Chisocheton cumingianus (Meliaceae)
Authors: Katja Dewa Gede , Farabi Kindi , Nuraini Vidia Afina , Nurlelasari Nurlelasari , Hidayat Ace Tatang , Mayanti Tri , Harneti Desi , Supratman Unang
Published: June 2016

A new 30-nor trijugin-type limonoid, chisotrijugin (1), has been isolated from the bark of Chisocheton cuminganus belong to the Meliaceae family. The chemical structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic techniques such as UV, IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR.
Legal Constraints on the Indeterminate Control of ‘Dangerous’ Sex Offenders in the Community: The Spanish Perspective
Authors: Martínez Garay Lucía , Correcher Mira Jorge
Published: June 2016

Legal Constraints on the Indeterminate Control of ‘Dangerous’ Sex Offenders in the Community: The Spanish Perspective

This article presents an overview of the legal regime provided in the Spanish system of criminal sanctions regarding the control of dangerous sex offenders in the community. It focuses on the introduction, in 2010, of a post-prison safety measure named supervised release. We describe the context of its introduction in the Spanish Criminal Code, considering the influence of societal upheaval concerning dangerous sex offenders in its development, and also the historical and theoretical features of the Spanish system of criminal sanctions. We also analyse the legal framework of supervised release, the existing case law about it and how the legal doctrine has until now assessed this measure. After this analysis, the main aim of this article consists in evaluating the effectiveness and the proportionality of the measure, according to the principle of minimal constraints and the rehabilitative function of the criminal sanctions in Spanish law, stated in Article 25.2 of the Spanish Constitution.
‘We Do Not Hang Around. It Is Forbidden.’
Authors: Muller Thaddeus
Published: June 2016

‘We Do Not Hang Around. It Is Forbidden.’

The focus in this article is the ‘criminalisation’ of youth hanging around with the emergence of bans on hanging around. A critical social constructivist approach is used in this study, which draws predominantly on qualitative primary data collected between the late 1980s and 2010s. The article compares indigenous with immigrant youth, which coincides with, respectively, youth in rural communities and youth in urban communities. This study shows that there is discrimination of immigrant youth, which is shaped by several intertwining social phenomena, such as the ‘geography of policing’ – more police in urban areas – familiarity, sharing biographical information (in smaller communities), and the character of the interaction, normalising versus stigmatising. In further research on this topic we have to study (the reaction to) the transgressions of immigrant youth, and compare it with (the reaction to) the transgressions of indigenous youth, which is a blind spot in Dutch criminology.
Accuracy of the FT-NIR Method in Evaluating the Fat Content of Milk Using Calibration Models Developed for the Reference Methods According to Röse-Gottlieb and Gerber
Authors: Mlcek Jiri , Dvorak Lukas , Sustova Kvetoslava , Szwedziak Katarzyna
Published: June 2016

The study examined the effect of the choice of reference method on the functionality and reliability of calibrations in near-IR (NIR) spectroscopy intended for measuring the fat content in raw cow's milk. The fat content in the milk samples was evaluated using methods according to either Röse-Gottlieb or Gerber. The same samples were then subjected to analysis on an Antaris FT-NIR spectrometer. Using a partial least-squares algorithm, calibration models were created for both methods from the values measured. The calibration models show very good values of standard error of calibration: 0.133 for the Gerber method and 0.095 for the Röse-Gottlieb method. These calibrations were subsequently used to analyze 30 new samples of cow's milk of undefined fat content, and the differences in the values were evaluated using statistical paired t-test to a median value at a probability level of α = 0.05. No statistically significant differences were found. It was revealed that the reference method used for calibrating the device evaluating the fat content in raw cow's milk has no effect on the functionality and reliability of the calibration model.
Preparation and Application of Nanostructure Ion-Imprinted Polymer for Selective Solid-Phase Extraction of Pb Ions in Water, Hair, and Food Samples
Authors: Dehghani Soltani Maryam , Taher Mohammad Ali , Behzadi Mansoureh
Published: June 2016

In this research, nanostructure Pb(II) ion-imprinted polymer (IIP) was prepared by formation of 1,5-diphenylthiocarbazon (dithizone) complex. Polymerization was performed via bulk polymerization, with methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linking monomer in the presence of ammonium persulfate as the initiator. To characterize the synthesized IIP, FTIR spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy were used. This polymer was used for selective preconcentration of ultra-trace amounts of Pb ions through the SPE method. The Pb ion concentration was determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. In the optimization process, the effects of various factors, such as pH of the sample solution, type and concentration of eluent, equilibrium sorption and desorption times, and sample volume, were investigated. Under optimized conditions, the maximum sorbent capacity was 38.46 mg/g and the enrichment factor was 200. Linearity was within the range 1.0–320.0 ng/L, with good r2 values. The LOD was 0.55 ng/L, and the intraday and interday RSD values (n = 7, 20 ng/L Pb ions) were 2.8 and 3.5%, respectively. This selective and sensitive proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of Pb in water, hair, and food samples, with high recoveries.
Jumping Robot with Initial Body Posture Adjustment and a Self-Righting Mechanism
Authors: Chen Kewei , Chen Diansheng , Zhang Ziqiang , Wang Min
Published: June 2016

To improve jumping performance, this paper presents a jumping robot with initial body posture adjustment and a self-righting mechanism. A segmental gear, stretching and triggering a spring for the storage and rapid release of energy, is used for the jumping mechanism. Pairs of front and hind supporting legs are used for the initial body posture adjustment. One end of each jumping leg is connected to a spring, while the other end is connected to the necessary wiring. In this way, the robot can correct its orientation from an upside down posture upon landing, simultaneously recovering its jumping legs and storing energy. Experimental results indicate that a jumping robot with a size of 78 mm × 43 mm × 40 mm and a weight of 30 g can jump across an obstacle with a controlled trajectory. It can also control its air pitching posture using the initial body posture adjustment. In addition, the robot can recover its body posture on the ground and store energy for a second jump. This work may provide useful data for further research into take-off posture control mechanisms.
El arte del buen morir en los testamentos medievales de la catedral de Sigüenza (siglos XIII-XV)
Authors: Portilla González Aída
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo tiene como objeto contribuir al conocimiento de la religiosidad bajomedieval castellana y dilucidar las actitudes ante la muerte del hombre medieval. Con el propósito de esclarecer la mentalidad de los miembros privilegiados de la sociedad seguntina bajomedieval, tanto de laicos como de eclesiásticos, hemos analizado un grupo de testamentos conservados en el Archivo de la Catedral de Sigüenza de los siglos XIII, XIV y XV. Gracias a estos documentos oficiales podemos acercarnos a las concepciones sobre la vida y la muerte que imperaban en dicho contexto. En los testamentos quedan codificados los ritos y actitudes que el hombre utilizaba para transitar de la vida terrenal al más allá y  alcanzar la tan ansiada Salvación Eterna.This article contributes to the knowledge of Castilian medieval religious belief and to explain the attitudes of medieval man towards death. It aims at shedding light on the mentality of the privileged members of late medieval Sigüenza, both lay and clergymen, by studying a collection of wills preserved in the Sigüenza Cathedral Archive from the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Through these official documents we can begin to discern the ideas regarding life and death that prevailed in this context. These wills establish models of rites and attitudes that people adopted in order to go from earthly life to the afterlife and to reach the much-coveted eternal salvation.
La castidad conyugal en la Orden de Santiago durante la Edad Media (siglos XII-XVI)
Authors: Solera Campos Casto Manuel
Published: June 2016

Los aspectos relativos al celibato, la castidad, la continencia sexual o la virginidad han despertado y despiertan en la actualidad una gran polémica en la sociedad cristiana occidental. Desde las disposiciones hechas durante la Reforma Gregoriana en relación con el nicolaísmo clerical durante la Edad Media hasta el MOCEOP (Movimiento por el Celibato Opcional) de nuestros días, que aspira a abolir la práctica del celibato obligatorio en la Iglesia Católica, no han dejado de suscitarse debates al respecto. En las Órdenes Militares, como institutos de carácter militar y religioso, este fue un tema que generó asimismo diversos conflictos, como el caso que estudiamos en este trabajo, Santiago, que presenta en este sentido una particularidad que veremos a continuación.The issues related to celibacy, chastity, sexual continence or virginity have often awakened a controversy within Christian society in the West. This can be evidenced for example in the provisions made in the Gregorian Reform with respect to clerical Nicolaism during the Middle Ages or to the recent Movement for Optional Celibacy (MOCEOP) which aims at abolishing the practice of compulsory celibacy in the Catholic Church and proves this question is still today open to debate. In the military orders, as a military and religious institution, this debate also generated various conflicts. In this study, we will focus specifically on the Order of Santiago that held an exceptional position on this issue.
Autoridad, legitimidad y honor en la diplomacia: los conflictos anglo-castellanos en los concilios del siglo XV
Authors: Villarroel González Óscar
Published: June 2016

A lo largo de la primera mitad del siglo XV, y pese a la paz imperante entre los reinos de Castilla e Inglaterra, se produjo de forma recurrente un conflicto diplomático entre ambos reinos. El debate se centraba en quién debía tener precedencia sobre quién en las reuniones de ámbito internacional. Era, por tanto, una cuestión de honor en la que se jugaba la autoridad y la legitimidad de cada uno en el contexto europeo. En el presente artículo se analizan cómo y cuándo se produjeron esos conflictos, sus formas y sus actores, así como las conclusiones que podemos obtener, a partir del análisis, sobre el funcionamiento de la diplomacia castellana.Despite the prevailing peace between the kingdoms of Castile and England throughout the first half of the fifteenth century, there was an ongoing diplomatic confrontation between the two kingdoms. The debate centred on which of the two nations should take precedence in international meetings. It was therefore a matter of honour in which the authority and legitimacy of each state was at stake in the European context. In this paper we will analyze how and when these conflicts took place, their development and their actors, and the conclusions that can be obtained from the analysis on the way Castilian diplomacy functioned.
El cuidado del alma y otros cuidados en las cartas de aniversario del cabildo de los clérigos de Cuéllar en el siglo XIV
Authors: Herrero Jiménez Mauricio
Published: June 2016

El trabajo que presentamos tiene como objeto fundamental el estudio de las cartas de aniversario. Aplicando el método de la ciencia diplomática, nos proponemos mostrar cómo las cartas de aniversario del cabildo de los clérigos de Cuéllar muestran lo concerniente a la preocupación por el alma después de la muerte, al valor de la oración y lo que fue donado para pagarlas, con  cuyas donaciones el capítulo incremento su patrimonio, sobre todo en el siglo XIV.The present paper aims to offer an study of anniversary documents. Using the method of the diplomatic science, we propose showing how the anniversary documents of the chapter of clerics of Cuéllar teach us to concern about the soul after death, the value of prayer, and what was donated to pay them, with whose donations the chapter increased its heritage specially in the XIV century.
Graphical Characterization of Leaking Wells via Above-Zone Pressure Transient Analysis
Authors: Zeidouni Mehdi
Published: June 2016

Fluids are injected in subsurface permeable formations for various purposes including waste disposal, gas storage, CO2 sequestration, and enhanced oil/gas recovery. Containment of the injected fluids is needed to meet the regulatory requirements and/or to ensure efficiency of the intended processes. The injected fluids can leak to overlying formations in presence of leakage pathways. Improperly plugged and abandoned (P&A) wells are considered as the main potential leakage pathways. In a previous work, we introduced a vertical pressure transient interference test and presented an analysis methodology to detect and characterize leaking wells. The analysis methodology was based on an inverse modeling algorithm that can be highly instable and computationally expensive. Here, we propose an easy-to-use fully graphical methodology to characterize leaking wells. The pressure measurements are graphed in three different forms. The slopes and intercepts of the line-fitted graphs are used to determine the leak location and transmissibility as well as the transmissivity ratio of the connected zones. The graphical method is applied to an example problem to illustrate its application procedure and effectiveness.

Introduction

The Leakage through abandoned wells and improperly plugged boreholes can create vertical communication between otherwise hydrologically isolated permeable zones. The driving mechanism behind the leakage can be the hydraulic gradients created by injection into one of the zones. Zeidouni and Pooladi-Darvish (2012a, 2012b) introduced a vertical interference test to detect and characterize a leaking well connecting the operating zone to an overlying non-operating zone which is otherwise separated by a sealing caprock. The test involves injection (production) into (from) the operating zone (OZ) and observing the pressure at a distance both in the OZ and the monitoring zone (MZ). We use injection throughout this paper for consistency. Several researchers attempted to analyze the pressure observations through inverse modelling approach and data assimilation (Wang and Small 2014, Jung, Zhou, and Birkholzer 2013, Sun et al. 2013, Zeidouni and Pooladi-Darvish 2012a, b, Chabora and Benson 2009, Jung, Zhou, and Birkholzer 2015, Keating et al. 2014). While inverse modeling can be very useful, it requires robust and computationally expensive inversion techniques that may not be easy to implement in practice. Also, inverse models can be very instable if the unknown parameters are not fully independent. It would be useful to develop graphical approaches such as those used in conventional pressure transient analysis that can be conveniently used in analyzing the pressured data for leaking well characterization.
Clinique des adolescents en conflit avec la loi : contributions de la psychanalyse au travail de la demande
Authors: Vilas Boas Laís Macêdo , do Amparo Deise Matos , Conte de Almeida Sandra Francesca , Tarouquella R. Brasil Katia Cristina
Published: June 2016

Cet article aborde la question complexe de la demande et du transfert dans la prise en charge clinique des adolescents en conflit avec la loi, où l’agir violent devient une modalité d’expression. Cette clinique impose d’emblée une complication pour nos pratiques : celle de travailler la demande initiale et en faire une réelle démarche d’aide, car ces jeunes trouvent dans l’acte le principal recours pour faire face à l’angoisse. À partir d’une vignette clinique, nous discutons certains aspects de la problématique en nous appuyant sur l’approche théorico-clinique de la psychanalyse. L’angoisse de l’adolescent en analyse a été prise comme un signe de demande d’aide face à la détresse non soutenable due au manque de structure de l’appareil psychique. Nous considérons alors que l’analyse a produit des effets en termes d’élaboration psychique, car des associations et des liens ont été effectués au moyen de récits chargés d’affects, liés à l’histoire de vie de l’adolescent. Le maniement du rapport transférentiel a été fondamental et a contribué au passage d’une demande sous mandat judiciaire à une demande d’analyse, et ce même dans un contexte difficile pour l’établissement d’un cadre de travail. C’est dans l’impasse de l’acte de symbolisation que la clinique psychanalytique est à même de montrer son pouvoir, au moment où elle convoque le sujet à utiliser la parole et s’impliquer dans son acte, dans son discours et dans son désir.
Le travail clinique en contexte pédopsychiatrique : l’apport de la mentalisation à la pratique d’aujourd’hui
Authors: Achim Julie , Terradas Miguel M.
Published: June 2016

L’évolution des situations cliniques ainsi que les changements institutionnels survenus au cours des dernières années au sein du réseau de la santé et des soins à l’enfance nous ont incités à revoir la nature de nos pratiques cliniques. Cet article présente une réflexion quant à la pertinence de la notion de mentalisation pour repenser les évaluations et interventions thérapeutiques offertes en contexte pédopsychiatrique. Ces nouvelles façons de faire visent à mieux tenir compte des difficultés et des ressources psychiques que présentent les enfants qui y consultent ainsi que leurs parents. Les constats cliniques ayant mené à cette réflexion sont d’abord exposés, la notion de mentalisation est ensuite définie et les principaux jalons de son développement normal et pathologique sont présentés. Les différentes modalités d’évaluation et d’intervention axées sur la mentalisation qui ont été développées et implantées au Service de pédopsychiatrie de l’Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal sont présentées ainsi que le rationnel sous-jacent à ces modalités et les objectifs thérapeutiques visés.
Les enjeux psychiques de la maternité : Quand le corps fait symptôme
Authors: Chassot Rosalie , Krymko-Bleton Irène , Reeves Nicole
Published: June 2016

À partir d’un cas clinique, les auteures reprennent les principaux apports théoriques qui traitent des stérilités et de la conception. Les enjeux psychiques qui entravent l’aboutissement d’une grossesse sont explorés, ainsi que leurs liens avec les dysfonctionnements organiques. Le cas met en lumière la complexité et la singularité de la manière dont le corps et le psychisme sont liés dans l’expression d’une conflictualité relative à une grossesse impensable et impossible.
Voltage-impulse-induced nonvolatile tunable magnetoelectric inductor based on multiferroic bilayer structure
Authors: Su Hua , Tang Xiaoli , Zhang Huaiwu , Sun Nian X.
Published: June 2016

In this study, we developed a voltage-impulse-induced nonvolatile tunable magnetoelectric inductor, which used an amorphous magnetic ribbon/lead zirconate titanate (PZT) multiferroic bilayer structure as a magnetic core. The PZT substrate, which contained defect dipoles through acceptor doping, was used in the bilayer structure to obtain an asymmetric strain–E “butterfly” curve. Different and stable voltage-impulse-induced in-plane residual stain states could be obtained by applying specific voltage impulse excitation modes. These residual strain states induced a nonvolatile inductance variation in the inductor through strain-mediated magnetoelectric coupling. This method provided a promising approach to realize nonvolatile tunable inductors for miniaturized circuits and systems.
Growth of ultrathin vanadium oxide films on Ag(100)
Authors: Nakamura Takuya , Sugizaki Yuichi , Ishida Shuhei , Edamoto Kazuyuki , Ozawa Kenichi
Published: June 2016

Vanadium oxide films were grown on Ag(100) by vanadium deposition in O2 and subsequent annealing at 450 °C. It was found that at least three types of ordered V oxide films, which showed (1 × 1), hexagonal, and (4 × 1) LEED patterns, were formed on Ag(100) depending on the O2 pressure during deposition and conditions during postannealing. The films with the hexagonal and (1 × 1) periodicities were characterized by photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) analysis. The film with the (1 × 1) periodicity was ascribed to a VO(100) film. On the other hand, the film with the hexagonal periodicity was found to be composed of V2O3, and the analysis of the LEED pattern revealed that the lattice parameter of the hexagonal lattice is 0.50 nm, which is very close to that of corundum V2O3(0001) (0.495 nm).
Development of open air silicon deposition technology by silane-free atmospheric pressure plasma enhanced chemical transport under local ambient gas control
Authors: Naito Teruki , Konno Nobuaki , Yoshida Yukihisa
Published: June 2016

Open air silicon deposition was performed by combining silane-free atmospheric pressure plasma-enhanced chemical transport and a newly developed local ambient gas control technology. The effect of air contamination on silicon deposition was investigated using a vacuum chamber, and the allowable air contamination level was confirmed to be 3 ppm. The capability of the local ambient gas control head was investigated numerically and experimentally. A safe and clean process environment with air contamination less than 1 ppm was achieved. Combining these technologies, a microcrystalline silicon film was deposited in open air, the properties of which were comparable to those of silicon films deposited in a vacuum chamber.
Observation of hyperfine structure of D022-Mn3−
xFexGa by Mössbauer effect
Authors: Koeba Akira , Shima Toshiyuki , Doi Masaaki
Published: June 2016

In this work, to obtain the design guideline for a magnet made of a Mn-based alloy, Mn3−

x
Fe
x
Ga alloys were prepared by arc melting and the magnetic state of Fe in the alloys and hyperfine structure were investigated on the basis of the Mössbauer effect. As a result, D022-Mn2.2Fe0.5Ga alloys were obtained by annealing at 350 °C for 2 days. From the Mössbauer spectrum of Mn2.2Fe0.5Ga, it was clear that Fe replaced Mn in the Mn II site of the D022 structure. In addition, it was also found that the hyperfine field of Fe is extremely lower in the Mn II site than in the Mn I site.
Pr–Fe–B+α-Fe nanocomposite film magnets prepared by pulsed laser deposition method
Authors: Yamashita Akihiro , Nakano Masaki , Oshima Shuichi , Yanai Takeshi , Fukunaga Hirotoshi
Published: June 2016

An increase in the remanence of an isotropic film magnet is indispensable to improve the properties of miniaturized devices. We, therefore, tried to prepare Pr–Fe–B/α-Fe multilayered nanocomposite thick-film magnets by a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. Namely, a rotated target composed of a Pr
x
Fe14B (x = 2.2 or 2.4) target together with an α-Fe segment was ablated. We also took account of a small spot size of the laser beam in order to suppress the emission of droplets (large particles) from each target. An optimization on the area of the α-Fe segment in each Pr
x
Fe14B target was carried out, and the remanence of an annealed film reached approximately 1.1 T. Moreover, a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of the above-mentioned sample revealed that the microstructure varied from a multilayered structure (as-deposited) to a dispersed one through the annealing process. Resultantly, the annealed film had a dispersed nanocomposite structure with good exchange coupling.
Influence of Bi on the magnetic and magneto-optical properties of Co/Bi/Co and Bi/Co thin-film systems
Authors: Shalygina Elena , Svalov Andrey , Kharlamova Anna , Ganshina Elena , Doronin Dmitriy , Kurlyandskaya Galina
Published: June 2016

The magneto-optical and magnetic properties of Co (50 Å)/Bi/Co (50 Å) and Bi/Co (50 Å) samples are investigated. Magneto-optical investigations indicate that the shapes of transverse Kerr effect (TKE) spectra are similar for all studied samples. TKE values decrease for the Co/Bi/Co structures at t
Bi > 40 Å and for the Co/Bi samples at t
Bi > 5 Å as compared with TKE values of the single-layer Co thin film. The decrease in the volume ratio of the magnetic to nonmagnetic phases causes the reduction in the contribution of the magnetic phase to magneto-optical signals. Magnetic investigations show that the saturation field and coercivity of the studied samples increase with increasing t
Bi. The exchange oscillatory coupling between Co layers through the Bi spacer in Co/Bi/Co samples with various periods (short and long) is observed in the t
Bi range from 2 to 500 Å. These data are explained by the dependence of Fermi energy on Bi thickness and the changes in the Bi band structure with the decrease in t
Bi.
Enhancement of magneto-optical effect via the evanescent wave and its figure of merit
Authors: Nishibayashi Kazuhiro , Yoneda Hitoki , Kuga Kiyoshi , Iwasaki Yamato , Munekata Hiro
Published: June 2016

We investigate the enhancement of the magneto-optical (MO) effect via the evanescent wave in MO structures composed of GdFe thin layers and two dielectrics. The MO Kerr rotation and the figure of merit (FOM) among the Kretschmann, Otto and direct-irradiation configurations are compared. The data obtained by experiment and calculation both show that the standing evanescent wave in the metal layer realized in the former two configurations enhances the MO Kerr rotation and FOM. Furthermore, the Kretschmann configuration appears to be superior to the Otto configuration in terms of the efficiency of MO Kerr enhancement.
Enriching scientific publications with interactive 3D PDF: an integrated toolbox for creating ready-to-publish figures
Authors: Newe Axel
Published: June 2016

Three-dimensional (3D) data of many kinds is produced at an increasing rate throughout all scientific disciplines. The Portable Document Format (PDF) is the de-facto standard for the exchange of electronic documents and allows for embedding three-dimensional models. Therefore, it is a well-suited medium for the visualization and the publication of this kind of data. The generation of the appropriate files has been cumbersome so far. This article presents the first release of a software toolbox which integrates the complete workflow for generating 3D model files and ready-to-publish 3D PDF documents for scholarly publications in a consolidated working environment. It can be used out-of-the-box as a simple working tool or as a basis for specifically tailored solutions. A comprehensive documentation, an example project and a project wizard facilitate the customization. It is available royalty-free and for Windows, MacOS and Linux.
A COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE DOCUMENTOS OFICIAIS EM LÍNGUA MATERNA E ESTRANGEIRA: A NECESSIDADE DE UM OLHAR MAIS AMPLO PARA OS CONTEXTOS DE PRODUÇÃO E CIRCULAÇÃO DOS TEXTOS
Authors: Torres Ana Cecília Gama , De Oliveira Eliza Cristina
Published: June 2016

A proposta inicial deste trabalho era comparar as diretrizes oficias (brasileira e americana) na área de física para o ensino médio, especificamente, o PCN+ (2002) e o NGSS (New Generation Science Standards, 2013). Observamos que os contextos de produção e de circulação do texto brasileiro e do americano são distintos, o que inibiu a comparação entre a proposta nacional e a estrangeira. Apesar dessa dificuldade, observamos que é importante visualizar os contextos de produção/ circulação dos documentos oficiais a partir das suas várias dimensões: socioeconômica, histórica e no âmbito da própria escola, no cotidiano de suas salas de aula. Concluímos que as possibilidades de significação dos documentos oficiais estão entrelaçadas ao dinamismo desses contextos. Assim, ainda que a diretriz brasileira se encontre consubstanciada pela LDB 9394/96 e pela própria Constituição Federal/88 e também em conformidade com as pesquisas na área, isso não é suficiente para assegurar o seu cumprimento ou restringir as suas possibilidades de significação.
FORMAS PRONOMINAIS ALTERNANTES NA EXPRESSÃO DE P4 NA COSTA DA LAGOA, FLORIANÓPOLIS-SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Macedo Alencar Maria Cristina , Chambal Nhampoca Ezra Alberto
Published: June 2016

Neste trabalho investigamos a alternância pronominal nós/a gente na realização de P4 no Português do Brasil. Seguindo os princípios da Sociolinguística Quantitativa Laboviana foram controladas variáveis linguísticas e sociais a fim de identificar que fatores condicionam o emprego de um ou outro pronome. Esse estudo focaliza o uso alternado dos pronomes em alusão, de falantes nativos da Costa da Lagoa, região não-urbana da cidade de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Para realizar o trabalho, seguimos a metodologia da Sociolinguística Quantitativa Laboviana, analisamos um corpus de amostra sincrônica de língua falada do PB constituído de quatro entrevistas realizadas na Costa da Lagoa. Duas dessas entrevistas foram realizadas no âmbito do curso de Sociolinguística desenvolvido no segundo semestre do ano de dois mil e quatorze, no programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e as outras duas entrevistas utilizadas são oriundas da amostra de  Monguilhott (2009), o qual integra o banco de dados do projeto Variação Linguística na Região Sul do Brasil (VARSUL-Santa Catarina). Os dados coletados foram codificados e analisados estatisticamente com recurso do pacote estatístico Goldvarb X.  Nossos resultados permitem-nos afirmar que a alternância pronominal nós/a gente para a realização de P4 no PB é condicionada linguisticamente pelo Preenchimento do sujeito e pelo Grau de determinação do referente sujeito, sendo que o sujeito preenchido e o referente sujeito mais genérico e indefinido favorecem essa realização pelo pronome a gente.