bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Belarusization: different approaches and assessments in foreign historiography
Authors: Kobetc Olga , Kodin Evgenii
Published: June 2024

The article presents methodological approaches and assessments of the process of Belarusization in the works of the most authoritative modern foreign historians, whose research interests are directly the processes of nation-building, national identity and specifically Belarusization, and whose works are a kind of “reference books” for specialists on these problems, both in Belarus itself and in the world historical community (Terry Martin, Nelly Bekus, Per Rudling, Akrn Markova). Retrospectively, early assessments of the process of Belarusization in research of N. P. Vakar and I. S. Lubachko are given, who had a significant impact on foreign Belarusian studies.
Comparing the Sensitivity of Quantity Based and Useful Lifetime Based Fixed Lifetime Inventory Models to Changes in Costs
Authors: O Izevbizua , Apanapudor Joshua S.
Published: June 2024

In this work, we implement Chiu’s model (1994), obtain the ordering policy and compare the sensitivity of the ordering policy with the ordering policy obtained from the useful lifetime model developed by Izevbizua and Omosigho (2016). First we present Chiu’s model and thereafter derive the total cost function for the useful life time model.
Kusniec's Theorem: Demonstrating Prime Numbers Between Squares and the Two Adjacent Oblong Numbers
Authors: Kusniec Charles
Published: June 2024

Important Update (November 2024):All critical errors identified in the earlier version of this preprint have been addressed and thoroughly reviewed in the expanded study, Kusniec's Theorem (Expanded), available at https://osf.io/preprints/osf/un9r7. This revised manuscript provides a more rigorous specification of the necessity of using central pairs of complementary divisors, among other refinements. I encourage readers to refer to the updated version for the most accurate and complete presentation of the results. Thank you for your understanding and continued interest in this work.---Important Note (June 2024):A possible critical error has been identified in this version of the preprint.Specifically, the need to use central pairs of complementary divisors was not adequately specified.I am currently reviewing and correcting the manuscript.An updated version will be made available after peer review.I appreciate your understanding and patience.---------------------------------------------This study aims to provide proof for an extension of Legendre's Conjecture by demonstrating the existence of at least one prime number between a perfect square and its successive oblong number, and vice versa. Specifically, we establish that for any integer n≥1, there is at least one prime p such that n^2-n
Analysis of the Relationship of Retained Earnings to Total Equity (RE/TE), Return on Assets (ROA), and Inflation to Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) in Indonesian Conventional Banks
Authors: Alfahiz Anang Rizky
Published: June 2024

This study analyzes the relationship between Retained Earnings to Total Equity (RE/TE), Return On Assets (ROA), and inflation to Dividend Payout Ratio in conventional banks during the 2020 period. The author uses secondary data from 40 conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 2020 in this study. The analysis method used is multiple linear regression to test the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The results showed that RE/TE and ROA had a positive and significant influence on the Dividend Payout Ratio, while inflation had a negative but not significant influence. These findings indicate that a bank's internal financial performance, such as profitability, is more important in determining dividend policy than external factors such as inflation during the period. This research contributes to the understanding of the factors influencing dividend policy in the banking sector, as well as practical implications for bank management and investors in formulating effective dividend and investment strategies.
Structured Action Preparation during Visuomotor Decision-making
Authors: Trach Juliana , McDougle Samuel D
Published: June 2024

Decision-making and movement are often tightly intertwined, a phenomenon that has been primarily studied in the case of low-level perceptual decision-making. How higher-level decision processes interface with the motor system during action selection is less clear. Here, we used psychophysics and computational modeling to examine information flow between deciding and acting when actions had to be retrieved from a newly learned visuomotor mapping. Human subjects (N = 182) learned de novo visuomotor mappings with (or without) an imposed latent structure that linked visual stimulus features (e.g., color, shape) to intuitive motor distinctions, like hands and pairs of adjacent fingers. In subjects who learned structured visuomotor mappings, transitional response times between trials indicated that retrieving the correct action from memory invoked “traversal” of a tree-like mental graph of the learned mapping. Control experiments and analyses helped rule out alternative explanations related to intrinsic switch costs between finger responses and perceptual properties of the stimuli. We then used a forced response time paradigm to show that when people traverse these learned visuomotor mappings during action selection, they sequentially potentiate multiple actions along the way in accordance with the structure of the mapping. Our results point to a direct coupling between complex internal memory and decision-making processes and the systematic preparation of actions.
Neurocognitive functioning and persistent difficulties in verbal math problem solving: exploring the predictive role of multidimensional models assessed in grade 2 on performance at the end of primary education
Authors: Iglesias-Sarmiento Valentín , Pérez Leire , Conde Ángeles , Carriedo Nuria
Published: June 2024

The most influential models in mathematical development highlight the hierarchical development of both domain-specific and domain-general skills. To provide longitudinal empirical support, we conducted a study with four objectives. Firstly, to examine the relationships between PASS neurocognitive processes, mathematical, and linguistic skills assessed in grade 2 and performance in solving mathematical verbal problems in grades 2 and 6. Secondly, to analyze how these processes interacted to identify optimal predictors' combination for solving problems. Thirdly, to establish profiles of children with persistent difficulties in solving problems from 2nd to 6th grade. Lastly, to asses the ability of 2nd-grade skills to predict persistent difficulties in solving problems by 6th grade. Methods: We assessed 117 students using tasks from the Cognitive Assessment System and the Revised Battery for the Assessment of Reading Processes. Additionally, domain-specific tasks from the Test for Diagnostic Assessment of Mathematical Disabilities were administered. Results and conclusions: Results indicated stable relationships between neurocognitive functioning, basic mathematical skills, and language skills from grades 2 to 6, with simultaneous processing and symbolic magnitude processing being crucial for problem-solving. Children with persistent difficulties exhibited initial global weaknesses across skills, emphasizing the importance simultaneous and verbal magnitude processing in early identification of at-risk students.
Improving Equivalent Scores for Clinical Neuropsychology: A new method for regression model selection
Authors: Arcara Giorgio
Published: June 2024

Equivalent Scores (ES) represent a statistical gold standard to obtain thresholds for clinical inference from normative data. The procedure to obtain ES requires a preliminary mandatory step: to perform a regression model selection to obtain adjusted scores that take into account age, education, and sex. The current article, starting from theoretical considerations, focuses on this step and proposes a new and improved regression model selection method. Results from data simulation show that the newly proposed method outperforms the current one on a wide range of simulation parameters and conditions, leading to better performance in classifying impaired or unimpaired performances, and more precise ES. The article is associated with an online app and R code to allow to easily apply the method to other normative data. This new model selection procedure can be easily incorporated also with other regression-based norm approaches.
Influencia de la auditoría externa en las razones financieras: un análisis para las PYMES manufactureras cuencanas
Authors: Sánchez Jiménez Kevin Wellington , Yumbla Quizhpilema Erika Fabiola , Aguirre Quezada Juan Carlos
Published: June 2024

La auditoría externa es relevante para toda empresa debido a que ayuda a generar un control efectivo, óptimo y oportuno de su situación financiera, por tanto, el estudio tiene por objetivo analizar si el ejecutar una auditoría externa influye en las razones financieras de las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) del sector manufacturero de la ciudad de Cuenca. La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, debido a que es desarrollada tanto con estadística descriptiva como inferencial; mediante la utilización de dos herramientas estadísticas: correlación de Pearson y la prueba t de Student para muestras independientes. Los resultados en la investigación indican que existe una relación significativa entre las ratios financieras: rotación de ventas y rentabilidad sobre activos (ROA), y la auditoría externa, así también se determina que hay diferencias significativas entre las PYMES manufactureras que llevan a cabo auditoría externa y las que no, en la rotación de ventas y el ROA.
URL: https://revistas.uta.edu.ec/erevista/index.php/bcoyu/article/view/2255
Gender Preference of Child among Married Women of Reproductive Age Group Residing in Syangja
Authors: Regmi Saru , Gurung Nirsuba , Singh Sakun
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Gender preference is the desire of biological parents for either a male or female child. Preferences for sons over daughters among Nepali families are still strong, though there are various measures adopted to discourage gender discrimination. There are many couple who prefer a male child because a son is culturally, economically and socially more desirable than a daughter. This study aims to assess the specific gender desire among married women of reproductive age group living in Syangja.
Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study design was adopted for conducting this study among 122 married women of reproductive age group. The tool consisted of demographic proforma, reproductive behavior questionnaire and preference questionnaires. Data was collected by web-based system using online Google Form using non probability convenience and networking sampling technique. The data was analysed using SPSS 16 package.
Results: The average age of the women was 29.63 years with the standard deviation of 7.5. Majority (82%) of the respondents were married after their 20th birthday. One in five of them (18.9%) had history of abortion. Three quarter (75%) had no specific gender preference for child followed by female preference (15%) which was significantly associated with education of the respondents (p ꞊ 0.032) and respondent’s husband (p ꞊0.017) use of contraceptive devices(p=0.035).
Conclusions: The study concludes that the gender preference has shifted from son preference to daughter preference which was significantly associated with education level of couple which can be sustained through increasing education level and women empowerment.
Axillary Web Syndrome in Newly Diagnosed Individuals after Surgery for Breast Cancer: Baseline Results from the AMBER Cohort Study
Authors: McNeely Margaret L , Courneya Kerry S , Al Onazi Mona M , Wang Qinggang , Bernard Stephanie , Dickau Leanne , Vallance Jeffrey K , Culos-Reed S. Nicole , Matthews Charles E , Yang Lin , Friedenreich Christine M
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

To examine potential associations between post-surgical axillary web syndrome (AWS) and demographic, medical, surgical, and health-related fitness variables in newly diagnosed individuals with breast cancer.

Methods:

Participants were recruited between 2012 and 2019. Objective measures of health-related fitness, body composition, shoulder range of motion (ROM) and function, and AWS were performed within 3 months of breast cancer surgery.

Results:

AWS was identified in 243 (17.3%) participants and was associated with poorer shoulder ROM and function, and higher pain compared with women without AWS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified axillary lymph node dissection versus sentinel lymph node biopsy [OR = 3.97; 95% CI: 2.62, 6.03], mastectomy versus breast-conserving surgery [OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.17, 2.19], lower versus higher total percentage body fat [OR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.34], and earlier versus later time from surgery [OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.23] as significantly associated with a higher odds of AWS. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness [OR =1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.08] and university or higher education [OR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.00] were also associated with higher odds of presenting with AWS.

Conclusions:

Findings highlight the need for increased awareness of AWS to facilitate early detection and physiotherapy intervention in the early post-surgical period.
Study of dispersed additives for the formation of polymer composite materials to increase the performance characteristics of friction units of transport vehicles
Authors: Yakushchenko S. V. , Brailo M. V. , Sapronov O. O. , Zinchenko S. M.
Published: June 2024

The scientific paper presents the technological aspects of modifying the ED-20 epoxy oligomer with carbon-containingadditives to improve the thermophysical characteristics of nanocomposite materials and functional protective coatings based on them. The dynamics of the dependence of carbon nanotube content on the thermophysical properties of nanocomposites has been studied. Materials with improved thermal conductivity values are proposed for the formation of adhesives or functional coatings for the repair of gas equipment. The developed nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes with the content of q = 0.075–0.100 pts.wt. per 100 pts.wt. of ED-20 epoxy oligomer are characterized by improved thermal conductivity λ = 0.40–0.58 W/m∙K. An additional comparison of the structure of the developed nanocomposites and the calculated value of the activation energy allows us to state that a 2.0–2.7 times improvement in the thermophysical characteristics is associated with the resistance of the physicochemical bonds to the effects of temperature due to the active chemical and physical effects of the nanoadditive.
Комплексний підхід до підготовки дисків пил гарячого різання
Authors: Капустін Станіслав , Іщенко Анатолій , Метляєв Іван
Published: June 2024

Розкрій заготовок на мірні довжини в технологічній лінії прокатного цеху є однією з важливих операцій процесу виробництва прокату. Якість торців прокату, що розрізається, безпосередньо залежить від стану ріжучого інструменту. Низька стійкість пильних дисків призводить до збільшення їх витрати на одну тонну готової продукції та підвищення простоїв прокатного обладнання за рахунок вимушених зупинок для заміни різального інструменту.
Процесу підготовки пильних дисків присвячена велика кількість робіт, зокрема виконувались неодноразові спроби створити обладнання для їх правки, яке дозволило би  знизити торцеве биття диску і тим самим значно підвищити якість торців прокату, що розрізається. Тому створення у Приазовському державному технічному університеті (ПДТУ) конструкції такої правильної машини стало суттєвим етапом оптимізації технології підготовки дисків. Ще однією новою операцією, яка покращує характеристики дисків, є створення установки для зміцнення впадин зубів, яка дозволила зменшити вихід з ладу дисків за рахунок виключення тріщиноутворення у впадинах. Включення у комплекс технологічних операцій балансування дисків та закалювання зубів електроконтактним або індукційним способом завершує запропонований комплекс підготовки, що дозволяє наблизити існуючу технологію виготовлення дисків до кращих зарубіжних аналогів. Тому правильно обрана технологія та механізація підготовки пильних дисків може істотно підвищити стійкість ріжучого інструменту і вплинути на отримання якісної готової продукції.
TANTANGAN DAN STRATEGI GURU BK DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN SISWA DI SMA NEGERI 10 SEMARANG
Authors: Malik Muhammad Fajar , Suhendri Suhendri
Published: June 2024

Kedisiplinan menjadi hal yang penting dalam dunia pendidikan sehingga kedisiplinan siswa menjadi isu yang komplek menjadi masalah bersama, sehingga guru BK harus berperan dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan tantangan dan strategi guru BK dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa di SMA Negeri 10 Semarang. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan mencari sumber data dengan wawancara semi struktural, observasi dilingkungan sekolah dan analisis dokumen terkait kebijakan sekolah dan program BK. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan beberapa tantangan seperti kurangnya dukungan dari lingkungan keluarga, pengaruh teman sebaya dan kurangnya kesadaran guru sedangkan strategi yang diupayakan oleh guru BK adalah menjalin kolaborasi dengan berbagai elemen, melakukan layanan dasar dan layanan responsif, home visit dan konferensi kasus
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN BULLYING MTs PKP JAKARTA ISLAMIC SCHOOL MELALUI PEMBERIAN LAYANAN INFORMASI
Authors: Ningrum Andini Puspa , Heriyani Eka , Widiastuti Haning Tri
Published: June 2024

Bullying adalah topik yang sering dibicarakan saat ini. Perilaku ini seringkali muncul di lingkungan yang seharusnya tidak ada, seperti rumah dan sekolah. Bullying merupakan tindakan agresif dan manipulatif yang dapat menimbulkan konflik antara pelaku dan korban. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada peserta didik yang diharapkan pemahaman peserta didik terkait bullying dapat meningkat sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya bullying di lingkungan manapun. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini berupa pemberian materi dalam bentuk ceramah, tanya jawab, dan diksusi. Hasil yang dicapai dalam kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya pemahaman peserta didik terkait bullying yang diharapkan peserta didik dapat meminimalisir tindakan bullying di sekolah.
ДЕФІНІТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПОНЯТТЯ «ДИСКУРСИВНА КОМПЕТЕНТНІСТЬ МЕНЕДЖЕРІВ У СФЕРІ ОСВІТИ»
Authors: Хун Фу
Published: June 2024

Стаття присвячена аналізу підходів до поняття дискурсивної компетентності майбутніх менеджерів у сфері освіти.Автор переконує, що керівник закладу освіти повинен ефективно обмінюватись інформацією, ідеями, думками, цінностями, володіти технологіями комунікативного лідерства у процесі виконання управлінських та педагогічних функцій на усіх рівнях (з користувачами освітніх послуг, підлеглими та керівництвом) задля організації власної діяльності та діяльності інших, управління діяльністю різних підрозділів освітнього закладу.Здійснено аналіз поняття дискурсивної компетенції через кілька вимірів, а саме дискурсивна компетентність – провідний чинник, що інтегрує в систему суб’єктні особистісні характеристики управлінця, який має здійснювати ефективну комунікацію в колективі, який він очолює, та з представниками керуючих органів місцевого самоврядування, органів Міністерства освіти.Установлено, що дискурсивна компетентність майбутніх менеджерів передбачає їхню здатність ефективно комунікувати та використовувати мовлення для досягнення своїх цілей у професійному середовищі з урахуванням типу дискурсу.Ця компетентність включає в себе вміння аналізувати та розуміти різні типи текстів, використовувати аргументацію та переконливість у комунікації, адаптувати своє мовлення до різних ситуацій та комунікантів, а також вміння ефективно спілкуватися під час групових обговорень у сфері освіти.Автор стверджує, що феномен «дискурсивна компетентність» потрібно розглядати у співвідношенні з такими категоріями як «комунікативна компетентність», «дискурс».Запропоновано визначення дискурсивної компетентності керівника закладу освіти як складової комунікативної компетентності, що передбачає його здатність до добору лінгвістичних засобів залежно від типу висловлювання й побудови, розуміння цілісних, логічно зв’язних різностильових функціональних висловлювань в управлінській діяльності.Проведений аналіз робіт науковців дав змогу констатувати, що єдиної думки щодо визначення поняття «дискурсивна компетентність» не існує. Констатовано, що різноманітність підходів до осмислення сутності досліджуваного феномена свідчить про його багатогранність та суперечливість.
FRANCE IN THE AGE OF ORGANIZATION
Authors: Clarke Jackie
Published: June 2024

In interwar France, there was a growing sense that ‘organization’ was the solution to the nation’s perceived social, economic and political ills. This book examines the roots of this idea in the industrial rationalization movement and its manifestations in areas as diverse as domestic organization and economic planning. In doing so, it shows how experts in fields ranging from engineering to the biological sciences shaped visions of a rational socio-economic order from the 1920s to Vichy and beyond.
AFTER THE EVENT
Authors: Feuchtwang Stephan
Published: June 2024

Two of the most destructive moments of state violence in the twentieth century occurred in Europe between 1933 and 1945 and in China between 1959 and 1961 (the Great Leap famine). This is the first book to bring the two histories together in order to examine their differences and to understand if there are any similar processes of transmission at work. The author expertly ties in the Taiwanese civil war between Nationalists and Communists, which included the White Terror from 1947 to 1987, a less well-known but equally revealing part of twentieth-century history. Personal and family stories are told, often in the individual’s own words, and then compared with the public accounts of the same events as found in official histories, commemorations, school textbooks and other forms of public memory. The author presents innovative and constructive criticisms of social memory theories in order to make sense both of what happened and how what happened is transmitted.
YOUTH GANGS AND STREET CHILDREN
Authors: Heinonen Paula
Published: June 2024

The rapidly expanding population of youth gangs and street children is one of the most disturbing issues in many cities around the world. These children are perceived to be in a constant state of destitution, violence and vagrancy, and therefore must be a serious threat to society, needing heavy-handed intervention and ‘tough love’ from concerned adults to impose societal norms on them and turn them into responsible citizens. However, such norms are far from the lived reality of these children. The situation is further complicated by gender-based violence and masculinist ideologies found in the wider Ethiopian culture, which influence the proliferation of youth gangs. By focusing on gender as the defining element of these children’s lives — as they describe it in their own words — this book offers a clear analysis of how the unequal and antagonistic gender relations that are tolerated and normalized by everyday school and family structures shape their lives at home and on the street.
THE MASCULINE WOMAN IN WEIMAR GERMANY
Authors: Sutton Katie
Published: June 2024

Throughout the Weimar period the so-called “masculinization of woman” was much more than merely an outsider or subcultural phenomenon; it was central to representations of the changing female ideal, and fed into wider debates concerning the health and fertility of the German “race” following the rupture of war. Drawing on recent developments within the history of sexuality, this book sheds new light on representations and discussions of the masculine woman within the Weimar print media from 1918–1933. It traces the connotations and controversies surrounding this figure from her rise to media prominence in the early 1920s until the beginning of the Nazi period, considering questions of race, class, sexuality, and geography. By focusing on styles, bodies and identities that did not conform to societal norms of binary gender or heterosexuality, this book contributes to our understanding of gendered lives and experiences at this pivotal juncture in German history.
THE ALLURE OF CAPITALISM
Authors: Røyrvik Emil A.
Published: June 2024

The “managerial revolution,” or the rise of management as a distinct and vital group in industrial society, might be identified as a major development of the modernization processes, similar to the scientific and industrial revolutions. Studying “transnational” or “global” corporate management at the post-millennium moment provides a suitable focal point from which to investigate globalized (post)modernity and capitalism especially, and as such this book offers an anthropology of global capitalism at its moment of crisis. This study provides ethnographically rich descriptions of managerial practices in a set of international corporate investment projects. Drawing also on historical and statistical data, it renders a comprehensive perspective on management, corporations, and capitalism in the late modern globalized economy. Cross-disciplinary in outlook, the book spans the fields of organization, business, and management, and asserts that now, in this period of financial crisis, is the time for anthropology to yet again engage with political economy.
ERNST L. FREUD, ARCHITECT
Authors: Welter Volker M.
Published: June 2024

Ernst L. Freud (1892–1970) was a son of Sigmund Freud and the father of painter Lucian Freud and the late Sir Clement Freud, politician and broadcaster. After his studies in Munich and Vienna, where he and his friend Richard Neutra attended Adolf Loos’s private Bauschule, Freud practiced in Berlin and, after 1933, in London. Even though his work focused on domestic architecture and interiors, Freud was possibly the first architect to design psychoanalytical consulting rooms—including the customary couches—a subject dealt with here for the first time. By interweaving an account of Freud’s professional and personal life in Vienna, Berlin, and London with a critical discussion of selected examples of his domestic architecture, interior designs, and psychoanalytic consulting rooms, the author offers a rich tapestry of Ernst L. Freud’s world. His clients constituted a “Who’s Who” of the Jewish and non-Jewish bourgeoisie in 1920s Berlin and later in London, among them the S. Fischer publisher family, Melanie Klein, Ernest Jones, the Spenders, and Julian Huxley. While moving within a social class known for its cultural and avant-garde activities, Freud refrained from spatial, formal, or technological experiments. Instead, he focused on creating modern homes for his bourgeois clients.
SEXUAL KNOWLEDGE
Authors: McEwen Britta
Published: June 2024

Vienna’s unique intellectual, political, and religious traditions had a powerful impact on the transformation of sexual knowledge in the early twentieth century. Whereas turn-of-the-century sexology, as practiced in Vienna as a medical science, sought to classify and heal individuals, during the interwar years, sexual knowledge was employed by a variety of actors to heal the social body: the truncated, diseased, and impoverished population of the newly created Republic of Austria. Based on rich source material, this book charts cultural changes that are hallmarks of the modern era, such as the rise of the companionate marriage, the role of expert advice in intimate matters, and the body as a source of pleasure and anxiety. These changes are evidence of a dramatic shift in attitudes from a form of scientific inquiry largely practiced by medical specialists to a social reform movement led by and intended for a wider audience that included workers, women, and children.
AMBIGUOUS PLEASURES
Authors: Spronk Rachel
Published: June 2024

Among both male and female young urban professionals in Nairobi, sexuality is a key to achieving a ‘modern’ identity. These young men and women see themselves as the avant garde of a new Africa, while they also express the recurring worry of how to combine an ‘African’ identity with the new lifestyles with which they are experimenting. By focusing on public debates and their preoccupations with issues of African heritage, gerontocratic power relations and conventional morality on the one hand, and personal sexual relationships, intimacy and self-perceptions on the other, this study works out the complexities of sexuality and culture in the context of modernity in an African society. It moves beyond an investigation of a health or development perspective of sexuality and instead examines desire, pleasure and eroticism, revealing new insights into the methodology and theory of the study of sexuality within the social sciences. Sexuality serves as a prism for analysing how social developments generate new notions of self in postcolonial Kenya and is a crucial component towards understanding the way people recognize and deal with modern changes in their personal lives.
A Review of Microgreens In Southeast Asia: Sustainable Agriculture, Phytochemicals, and Biological Activities
Authors: Mr. Amil  , Dr. Hazwani  , Dr. Tan  , Dr. Sim
Published: June 2024

Microgreens are edible vegetable and herb seedlings with only 1–3 inches. Aside from their remarkable nutritional content, they can be grown easily in the city, and hence, they are acclaimed as emerging functional food. This review aimed to provide a systemic insight into the sustainable agriculture, phytochemicals, and biological activities of microgreens in Southeast Asia. The study was conducted by collecting the experimental findings from scientific articles that were published in reputed journals from the year 2000 to 2021 using electronic databases. The comparative analyses were conducted wherever appropriate. Several species of microgreens from the Brassicaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, and Amaranthaceae families were discussed. In the first instance, various methods for cultivating microgreens were explained, followed by the summarisation of phytochemicals (e.g., terpenes, polyphenols, and sulfur-containing compounds) present in microgreens. A comparison of phytochemical composition between microgreens and their mature counterparts (macrogreens) was conducted. Moreover, two well-known biological activities of microgreens, i.e., antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, were outlined, together with their experimental data. Additionally, the effects of human health upon the consumption of microgreens were also elaborated.
Magnetostratigraphy of the Permian–Triassic Boundary in the Lower Reaches of the Vetluga River, East European Platform, Nizhny Novgorod Region
Authors: Fetisova A.  M. , Veselovskiy R.  V. , Golubev V.  K. , Arefiev M.  P.
Published: June 2024

We present the results of detailed paleomagnetic studies of six Permian-Triassic boundary sections in the central part of the East European Platform, located in the lower reaches of the Vetluga River: Astashikha, Voskresenskoe, Znamenskoe, Prudovka, Sosnovka, and Sukhoborka. The paleomagnetic data, which meet the modern quality standards for laboratory processing, together with the results of biostratigraphic studies, allow for the development and substantiation of magnetostratigraphic scales for each section, as well as for their correlation and the construction of a magnetic polarity scale for the Permian-Triassic sedimentary complex of the Vetluga River. Rock-magnetic characteristics are determined for each of the studied sections, and paleomagnetic poles of the East European Platform are calculated for the Late Permian and Permian-Triassic boundary.
Respon Pertumbuhan Bibit Vanili (Vanilla planifolia) Akibat Pemberian Bokashi Kotoran Ayam
Authors: Rafi Juniardi  , Yulfi Desi  , Yonny Arita Taher
Published: June 2024

This research has been carried out on Jalan Kandih Raya, Olo Village, Nanggalo District, Padang City, West Sumatra. The research was carried out from January to April 2020. This study aimed to obtain the best Vanilla planifolia (Vanilla planifolia) growth response due to the provision of Chicken Manure Bokashi. The design used was a Randomized Block Design (RAK), with 6 treatments and 4 groups, so that there were 24 trials, in each experiment consisting of 4 plants, the total plants used were 96 plants. As treatment are various doses of Bokashi Chicken Manure, namely: Treatment A = 65 g/seed, B = 75 g/seed, C = 85 g/seed, D = 95 g/seed, E = 105 g/seed, F = 115 g /seedling. The results of the data were analyzed statistically by means of variance (F test). If Fcount > Ftable 5%, then to find out the influential treatments, a further test was carried out with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). increase, increase in seed length (cm), increase in shoot diameter (mm), increase in the number of leaves (strands), plant fresh weight (g), and plant dry weight (g). Based on the results of the study, it was found that offering several doses of chicken manure bokashi gave different effects on the increase in plant length and weight, but not significantly on the increase in tuna diameter, leaf number, and plant weight. Giving bokashi chicken manure 115 g/seed is the best dose for vanilla seedling growth
LLM-Generated Word Association Norms
Authors: Abramski Katherine , Lavorati Clara , Rossetti Giulio , Stella Massimo
Published: June 2024

Word associations have been extensively used in psychology to study the rich structure of human conceptual knowledge. Recently, the study of word associations has been extended to investigating the knowledge encoded in LLMs. However, because of how the LLM word associations are accessed, existing approaches have been limited in the types of comparisons that can be made between humans and LLMs. To overcome this, we create LLM-generated word association norms modeled after the Small World of Words (SWOW) human-generated word association norms consisting of over 12,000 cue words. We prompt the language models with the same cues and participant profiles as those in the SWOW human-generated norms, and we conduct preliminary comparative analyses between humans and LLMs that explore differences in response variability, biases, concreteness effects, and network properties. Our exploration provides insights into how LLM-generated word associations can be used to investigate similarities and differences in how humans and LLMs process information.
Exploring Large Language Models Capabilities to Explain Decision Trees
Authors: Serafim Paulo Bruno , Crescenzi Pierluigi , Gezici Gizem , Cappuccio Eleonora , Rinzivillo Salvatore , Giannotti Fosca
Published: June 2024

Decision trees are widely adopted in Machine Learning tasks due to their operation simplicity and interpretability aspects. However, following the decision process path taken by trees can be difficult in a complex scenario or in a case where a user has no familiarity with them. Prior research showed that converting outcomes to natural language is an accessible way to facilitate understanding for non-expert users in several tasks. More recently, there has been a growing effort to use Large Language Models (LLMs) as a tool for providing natural language texts. In this paper, we examine the proficiency of LLMs to explain decision tree predictions in simple terms through the generation of natural language explanations. By exploring different textual representations and prompt engineering strategies, we identify capabilities that strengthen LLMs as a competent explainer as well as highlight potential challenges and limitations, opening further research possibilities on natural language explanations for decision trees.
Effective Maintenance of Computational Theory of Mind for Human-AI Collaboration
Authors: Erdogan Emre , Dignum Frank , Verbrugge Rineke
Published: June 2024

In order to enhance collaboration between humans and artificially intelligent agents, it is crucial to equip the computational agents with capabilities commonly used by humans. One of these capabilities is called Theory of Mind (ToM) reasoning, which is the human ability to reason about the mental contents of others, such as their beliefs, desires, and goals. For an agent to efficiently benefit from having a functioning computational ToM of its human partner in a collaboration, it needs to be practical in computationally tracking their mental attitudes and it needs to create approximate ToM models that can be effectively maintained. In this paper, we propose a computational ToM mechanism based on abstracting beliefs and knowledge into higher-level human concepts, referred to as abstractions. These abstractions, similar to those guiding human interactions (e.g., trust), form the basis of our modular agent architecture. We address an important challenge related to maintaining abstractions effectively, namely abstraction consistency. We propose different approaches to study this challenge in the context of a scenario inspired by a medical domain and provide an experimental evaluation over agent simulations.
Building a Stronger Case: Combining Evidence and Law in Scenario-Based Bayesian Networks
Authors: van Leeuwen Ludi , Verbrugge Rineke , Verheij Bart , Renooij Silja
Published: June 2024

Existing approaches to modelling legal cases in Bayesian networks focus either on correctly representing an empirical probabilistic model of evidence traces, or on modeling alternative scenarios that can explain what happened in a case. However, neither approach legally interprets, or qualifies, aspects of a scenario as a normative legal fact. Hence, the fact that a Bayesian network representing a scenario assigns a high posterior probability to a certain victim having been killed by a certain suspect, does not imply that that suspect is guilty of murder in the legal sense, because the events in the scenario cannot be qualified as legal facts. This paper proposes an architecture for concrete legal fact idioms that qualify events in a narrative Bayesian network. This bridges the gap between the real world and the normative legal world through so-called counts-as rules. By modeling the legal facts explicitly in the Bayesian network, we can show whether a narrative completes one or more legal fact idioms. This is demonstrated using a case study. The proposed architecture may help judges and lawyers decide on which narratives they should investigate further and which narratives are stronger than others with regard to both the evidence and the legal facts.
Investigations to Facilitate Human-Centred AI Development in Manufacturing
Authors: Hartikainen Maria
Published: June 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into various domains offers promising opportunities for innovation and growth. However, alongside these benefits, there is a growing recognition of the potential societal impacts and ethical concerns associated with AI deployment. Addressing these considerations requires a shift towards more human-centred approaches to AI development, emphasising the importance of understanding humans and societal dynamics. My doctoral research explores the concept of Human-Centred Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) especially within the context of smart manufacturing, where AI technologies play a pivotal role in optimising production processes. By facilitating collaboration between humans and AI systems, often referred to as hybrid human-AI intelligence, organisations can enhance productivity while ensuring worker satisfaction and safety. This research proposal outlines a comprehensive investigation into HCAI design and development, aiming to identify novel techniques for integrating human and AI expertise effectively. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and empirical studies conducted in real-world manufacturing environments, this research seeks to contribute to the advancement of HCAI and facilitate the responsible deployment of AI systems in manufacturing and beyond.
Why Do You Think This Person Is Introverted? – Towards Conversational Argumentative Explainability
Authors: Berman Alexander
Published: June 2024

This paper presents a system that supports conversational argumentative explainability between AI and human.
Keep Gesturing: A Game for Pragmatic Communication
Authors: Gulyás János Adrián , Badó Miklós Máté , Fenech Kristian , Lőrincz András
Published: June 2024

We present an innovative augmented reality game which aims to demonstrate a new dimension of interaction between humans and large language models through non-verbal gesture-based communication. Players collaborate with an LLM-controlled avatar to identify and correct discrepancies in an augmented reality environment, relying solely on non-verbal cues. The game aims to explore the emergence and evolution of pragmatic communication between humans and AI agents.
Exploration of Interaction and Mapping Interaction Research in Second Language Learning Content Analysis Based on Books Rod Ellis
Authors: Ahmad Fadhel Syakir Hidayat  , Mamluatul Hasanah  , Abdul Latif  , Slamet Mulyani  , Rifqi Aulia Rahman  , Azwar Annas  , Akhirudin Akhirudin
Published: June 2024

This study examines the concepts of Interaction and Mapping Interaction Research in Second Language Learning in the Classroom: Content Analysis Based on Rod Ellis's "Language Teaching Research and Language Pedagogy." The study applies a qualitative approach with a literature review design, utilizing data collection techniques such as documentation and literature review, followed by content analysis. This study indicates that Rod Ellis discusses the abilities involved in interaction, employing a sociocultural theory perspective to examine the development of second language learning. This theory emphasizes microgenetic and quasi-experimental studies on language learning through social interaction and internal learner growth. Rod Ellis also studies how classroom input and interaction improve second language learning using interactionist-cognitive theory, which emphasizes the function of interaction in delivering input that learners inwardly analyze. This perspective draws upon research employing descriptive/exploratory approaches.
La censura a los derechos de autor produce violación de Derechos Humanos. Una breve reflexión crítica mexicana
Authors: Martínez-Zamudio Mauricio
Published: June 2024

El presente trabajo realiza un breve acercamiento a los Derechos de autor, con el objetivo general de buscar el reconocimiento y protección de los mismos como Derechos humanos. Su objetivo particular es exponer a manera de silogismo que, el producto de cualquier creación de la mente humana, al ser también Derechos humanos, su censura social se traduce en una violación a los mismos; ello como resultado de un análisis deductivo desde una pequeña reflexión relacionada con la cultura de la censura, apoyado además en un paradigma socio-crítico, soportado también en opiniones de profesionales de otras disciplinas y, por supuesto fundamentado en algunos ordenamientos legales, fuentes bibliográficas y electrónicas diversas, para arribar a la conclusión que, los Derechos de autor también son Derechos humanos y, por estar expresamente regulados y protegidos en los ordenamientos jurídicos, internacionales y constitucionales, merecen toda la protección de autoridades y respeto de la ciudadanía en general.
Distribución y análisis de conservación de cuatro especies de plantas endémicas presentes en Paraguay
Authors: De Egea Ortiz Adriana , Céspedes Gloria , De Egea Juana
Published: June 2024

Se analizó la distribución y el estado de conservación de cuatro especies endémicas presentes en la flora paraguaya; Baccharis illinitoides, Casimirella guaranitica, Neltuma rojasiana y Piptadeniopsis lomentifera. La metodología incluyó la recopilación de toda la información disponible en herbarios nacionales y extranjeros, en la literatura y en la base de datos GBIF; la determinación taxonómica de ejemplares, y; la generación de una base de datos con información ecológica y coordenadas geográficas. Se elaboraron mapas de distribución y con la aplicación de la herramienta GeoCAT se realizó el análisis del estado de conservación de cada especie según el Criterio B de UICN. Los resultados mostraron que B. illinitoides y C. guaranitica son especies estrictamente endémicas del territorio paraguayo, mientras que N. rojasiana y P. lomentifera constituyen endemismos de la Ecorregión Chaco Seco, perteneciente al Gran Chaco Americano. Las cuatro especies enfrentan, como principal amenaza, el cambio de uso de los suelos con fines de desarrollo.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI APLIKASI QUIZIZZ DI ERA PANDEMI PADA PEMBELAJARAN EKONOMI
Authors: Santoso Tri Nugroho Budi , Destri Sambara Sitorus
Published: June 2024

Artikel ini merupakan bentuk lanjutan dari penelitian sebelumnya untuk menguji efektivitas aplikasi Quizizz sebagai media pembelajaran berbasis game pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode penelitian campuran tipe explanatory design, yaitu bentuk kombinasi antara metode pengumpulan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Metode kuantitatif menggunakan uji efektivitas melalui pair sample t test, sedangkan metode kualitatif analisis SWOT untuk menggambarkan proses penggunaan aplikasi game edukasi (Quizizz). Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah cluster random sampling dan pengambilan data dengan metode observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi, dan angket. Berdasarkan output paired sample test diketahui nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0.000 < 0.05. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan rata-rata antara kemampuan siswa dalam pembelajaran ekonomi dan akuntansi sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan aplikasi Quizizz. Analisis SWOT yang dilakukan juga menunjukkan bahwa dari segi kekuatan aplikasi ini lebih merujuk pada berbagai fitur yang dimiliki. Sedangkan dari segi peluang, aplikasi ini lebih merujuk pada peluang untuk terbentuknya komunitas belajar. Kelemahan yang harus diwaspadai adalah lebih pada etika penggunaan aplikasi. Tantangan yang harus dipersiapkan solusinya adalah kesiapan jaringan internet dari peserta.
MENINGKATKAN KETERLIBATAN MAHASISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI PLATFORM MENTIMETER
Authors: Warsihna Jaka , Ramdani Zulmi , Amri Andi
Published: June 2024

Kehadiran teknologi yang beragam dalam pendidikan menciptakan satu kondisi di mana proses pembelajaran bisa menjadi lebih efektif dan bermakna. Penggunaan berbagai platform online pembelajaran di kelas seringkali menjadi strategi bagi pendidik untuk meningkatkan interaksi dan keterlibatan siswa selama pembelajaran berlangsung. Pada faktanya, masih banyak pendidik yang tidak tahu cara memulai dan memanfaatkan platform tersebut dalam pembelajaran. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kembali best practices yang bisa digunakan oleh pendidik saat menggunakan platform mentimeter dalam pembelajaran. Metode deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan melibatkan 40 orang mahasiswa yang mengikuti kegiatan perkuliahan dengan aktivitas pembelajarannya menggunakan platform mentimeter. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa platform mentimeter bisa digunakan untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan dan interaksi mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari banyaknya respons yang diberikan oleh responden dibandingkan dengan kegiatan konvensional yang tidak melibatkan teknologi dalam prosesnya. Selain itu, platform mentimeter bisa menjadi salah satu alat bantu dalam melakukan formative assessment sederhana bagi pendidik. Studi kedepan perlu menyajikan sebuah kegiatan eksperimental yang lebih menguji keberadaan platform mentimeter ini dalam pembelajaran.