bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detección óptica en 3D de un objeto flotante en una superficie marina agitada
Authors: Paredes-Perez Ana Karen , Golikov Victor , Alazki Hussain
Published: May 2021

In this paper we realize a comparison between two detectors: Matched Subspace Detector (MSD) and Modify Matched Subspace Detector (MMSD) when there is a images secuence (3D detection), where the parameters of sea surface and the parameters of floating object are priori unknown in computer simulation, with help of computer software MATLAB. Both detectors (MSD and MMSD) are based in the General Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT); this method helps solve detection problems when the sea surface and floating object parameters are unknown. The sea surface is simulated as a Gaussian random process, and the floating object is simulated as a priori unknown deterministic process. The paper considers the dependence of the probability of detection with a fixed probability of false alarm on the difference between the average values of reflections from the sea surface and from a floating object with different ratios of the power of fluctuations of reflections from the object and from the sea Surface.
procedimento de reabertura das bibliotecas após a quarentena
Authors: Santos João Carlos Gardini
Published: May 2021

Identificado em dezembro de 2019, o novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 é o agente causador da covid-19. Dentre os diversos dissabores que ele tem causado na vida das pessoas está o fechamento das bibliotecas, medida que impacta diretamente as comunidades usuárias nas quais elas estão inseridas. Entretanto, em um futuro próximo essas instituições serão reabertas e medidas de proteção à saúde dos colaboradores e usuários deverão ser tomadas. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é, a partir da revisão de literatura, compilar as medidas de prevenção contra a covid-19 que poderão ser adotadas pelas bibliotecas. Em síntese, identificamos que as melhores formas de prevenção, em relação à saúde das pessoas, é a adoção de medidas básicas de higiene pessoal e etiqueta respiratória e, em relação à conservação dos acervos, é deixar os itens em quarentena. Nas considerações finais apresentamos os possíveis assuntos que bibliotecas poderão abordar quando da elaboração das suas políticas de reabertura
Gdzie są ojczyzny zachodnioukraińskich Rosjan?
Authors: Demel Grzegorz
Published: May 2021

This article contains an analysis of the identity of Russians and Russian-speaking persons living in the Lviv oblast in Ukraine, on the basis of interviews collected by the author in the years 2011–2012. The article combines anthropological, sociological, and politological perspectives, and examines the following questions: Is Eastern Galicia, after the fall of the USSR, treated by the interviewees as a ‘private homeland’, or is it entirely foreign to them culturally (as being a post-Habsburg, ‘western’ area)? Did Ukraine become their ‘ideological homeland’ or does only Russia appear in that role? Did Russia, after 1991, become a ‘foreign homeland’ and did they themselves enter into the role typical of a national minority, experiencing discrimination in the nationally oriented state’ of Ukraine? The author does not give unequivocal answers to these questions, but he nevertheless provides convincing data to confirm the failure of independent Ukraine’s integration policy toward its Russian and Russian-speaking citizens. In his opinion, it failed at the national level and especially in Eastern Galicia, whose symbolic sphere has been dominated by the ideology of Ukrainian ethnic-cultural nationalism.
Naród ukraiński jako przedmiot powszechnego niezrozumienia
Authors: Wojakowski Dariusz
Published: May 2021

The article contains an analysis of the academic and popular political discourses concerning the Ukrainian nation. Its aim is to point out atypical phenomena which could constitute little-known factors destabilizing or integrating national self-representation in Ukraine. The inconsistency of these concepts occurs above all at the level of macro-social discourses. What is involved is the presence in politics of content associated with the radical right and its primordial understanding of the nation, accompanied by low support for any sort of national or civil idea among the inhabitants of Ukraine. In the academic discourse the dominant western European theories of nation clash with a specific understanding of the terminology used in Russian scholarship. On the other hand, in local discourses at the meso-social level, there are phenomena that could be integrating factors for the image of the Ukrainian nation. There, language, popular culture, and various ideas about the past intermingle. In southern Ukraine, concepts can be found in which the nation is a political category quite aside from ethnic differences or the language of communication. Soviet times introduced the state factor, which is independent of ethnicity and which was later given content (rather worse than better) by the Ukrainian state. In these cases, Ukrainianness appears as a superior principle in regards to ethnic differentiation. The political situation of Ukraine since 2014, however, does not favor the development of this model of the Ukrainian nation.
Poziom internetyzacji a restrukturyzacja zatrudnienia w perspektywie międzynarodowej na początku millennium
Authors: Kryszczuk Maciej D.
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted to methods of measuring the diversification of occupations and their use in analyzing complicated processes such as the ‘informationalization’ of work and the changes in socio-occupational structures currently being noted. The article’s comparative analyses were based on data from the first edition of the European Social Survey of 2002 and concern 15 selected European countries, including Poland. The following research questions were raised in connection with one aspect of the concept of an information economy: (a) has the percentage of employees engaged in ‘information occupations’ increased with the spread of the internet? (b) does a more computerized society also have a higher percent of information producers among persons who are vocationally active? (c) is the level of occupational diversification connected with the spread of the internet and if so, to what degree? At the end, the authors point to the necessity of giving deeper thought to the idea of the ‘end of work’, which is a kind of reversal of the pro-market logic of developing the labour market and technological unemployment.
Skoro Bałkany istnieją, lepiej ich nie wymyślać — między pragnieniem ucieczki do „EU-ropy” a „bałkanizacją Bałkanów”
Authors: Mikucka-Wójtowicz Dominika
Published: May 2021

Vesna Goldsworthy once stated that interest in the Balkans lasts as long as there are conﬂicts in the area. Furthermore, that interest is extremely superﬁcial. Europeans prefer to ﬁt inhabitants of the Balkans into lasting ‘popular’ stereotypes (clichés) rather than to become acquainted with them. On the one hand, the Balkan region is viewed as being the proverbial powder keg, an area suffering from the ‘eternal’ hatred of the nations inhabiting it and stained with the blood of their fratricidal strife; at the very least the region is a synonym of extreme retrogression and obscurantism, from whichonly European paternalism can save it. On the other hand—the brighter picture—the region is viewed almost like a ludic open-air folk museum, as in the ﬁlms of Emir Kusturica. Those who are more inclined to hold the ﬁrst view dream of the Balkans’ escape to ‘EU-rope’; the latter do not in principle oppose remaining in this idyllic land ‘ﬂowing with rakia’. The aim of the article is to analyze the discourse concerning the Balkans in two dimensions of social life—politics and art.
Ekologia polityczna powietrza: o uwidzialnianiu miejskiego ryzyka
Authors: Bojadżijewa Iwona
Published: May 2021

In this text the author attempts to reconstruct contemporary disputes about air quality in Poland using the language of actor-network theory (ANT). The purpose is to show the process of making urban risk visible—in this instance, the risk of polluted air—through the development of hybrid alliances and the formulation of translations aimed at the final elimination of air pollution. The article consists of three parts and a theoretical introduction in which the author discusses the basic tools and concepts of ANT, as well as Latour’s programme of political ecology. In the first part, the author sketches the map of actors and actants involved in air-pollution discussions. Then she examines the role of things—material objects—in air pollution conflicts, with special emphasis on the agency of these non-human actants. Finally, she focuses on alternative translations, which are attempts to negotiate smog’s place in the hierarchy of the collective.
Studentyfikacja — rekonceptualizacja pojęcia i hipotezy badawcze
Authors: Nowak Marek
Published: May 2021

The author outlines the potential research field demarcated by the phenomenon of the mass presence of students in the public space. At the same time, he views the phenomenon of studentification on a broader scale than solely the Polish (or Eastern European) one, treating the local situation as a case study. On the basis of the available literature he presents successive elements in the contemporary process of change: (a) the evolution of the status of knowledge; (b) change in the idea of the urban environment, as shown by the growth of students’ importance in the urban space; and(c) making the labour market selectively flexible on account of the significant group of working students. The author formulates hypotheses for each of these areas, and then makes general recommendations for researchers into the phenomenon of studentification.
Infrastrukturalne uwarunkowania i rezultaty kontroli sprawowanej przez personel wobec wychowanków zakładów poprawczych i schronisk dla nieletnich
Authors: Chomczyński Piotr
Published: May 2021

The author of this article analyses the relations between infrastructure and the exercise of control over inmates by the personnel of correctional institutions. He aims to show how physical aspects of the space are used by staff members to strengthen their own position. He uses a description of such facilities as a departure point for analyzing the activities of the social actors. The article is empirical in nature and rests on several years of qualitative field research in correctional institutions and facilities for juvenile delinquents in Poland. The analysis is based on material acquired through overt direct observation in correctional institutions and in voluntary interviews with staff and inmates, as well as visual material, internal documents, and letters.
Dezorganizacja życia rodzinnego w sytuacji uwięzienia rodzica. Wstępna refleksja teoretyczna i wyniki badań własnych
Authors: Sikorska Angelika
Published: May 2021

This article is devoted to the functioning of families that are in crisis as the result of a family member’s imprisonment. The author’s description of the most important functions and tasks of the family as the primary social group leads to further reflections. The disorganization of family life caused by placing a parent in prison is described and a case study is used to illustrate the issues. On the basis of an autobiographical narrative interview, the process of reorganizing family life is analyzed from the perspective of a ‘prisoner’s child.’
Portret rodzin zastępczych — przekaz medialny a opinia społeczna
Authors: Danecka Marta , Cieślar Jacek
Published: May 2021

The foster care system implements social policy in the sphere of state welfare services for families in crisis. The aims of this article are to consider the issue of consent in regard to state interference in the sphere of the family and to appraise the functioning of the system of institutional aid and support for families in a situation that endangers the life or health of a child. The authors analyze society’s perception and reception of foster care. They present a quantitative and qualitative analysis of selected press articles published in the years 2010–2015, and then discuss the findings of a nationwide survey conducted in the first quarter of 2016. Participants in the survey answered questions concerning their familiarity with foster care issues and media communications on the subject, as well as about their possible direct contact with foster care.
Społeczeństwo różnych rytmów. Przypadek Polski na tle tendencji globalnych
Authors: Tarkowska Elżbieta
Published: May 2021

The author reflects on time in contemporary culture—on changes in the experience and perception of time, and also on how temporal categories are used in analyses of social and cultural issues. She points out (1) new phenomena connected with the temporal regulation of collective life, and (2) new divisions and social differentiations in which a major role is played by the time dimension. The distribution of time and the manner of valuing time is changing, as is free time. The disappearance of calendars and extension of the present is accompanied by an excess of activities and lack of time in the world of wealth, and a simultaneous excess of time in the world of poverty and marginalization. These are traits of contemporaneity. An ‘unequal distribution of time’ appears in a ‘society of varying rhythms.’ Such phenomena are visible in Poland as well.
Pamięć w kulturze teraźniejszości
Authors: Tarkowska Elżbieta
Published: May 2021

One of the most substantial interdisciplinary topics in the study of contemporary culture is change in social time, which is expressed in the compression of time (and space) and changing relationships between the past, present, and future. Research and analysis situate the present in an exceptional position in contemporary culture, providing us with the term ‘culture of the present.’ At the same time, however, we are dealing with a phenomenon labeled the ‘explosion of memory’—an astounding multidirectional and multifaceted rise in interest in the past. It is therefore worthwhile to investigate the structures and mechanisms of collective memory, as well as how the past is defined in contemporary culture, from the perspective of time as a social and cultural phenomenon. Questions should be asked regarding the mechanisms that unite the dominance of the present in culture with a rising interest in the past. The perspective of social time reveals that the ‘culture of the present,’ the current dominating forms of memory intensification, and the heightened awareness of the past, are influenced by the same or similar factors. These include new media and communication technologies, as well as consumption and popular culture, which change the structure of time, condense the time horizon, alter the manner in which the past is experienced, and modify the mechanisms of collective memory.
Ideologia healthismu jako fons et origo mody na bieganie
Authors: Stempień Jakub Ryszard
Published: May 2021

This article concerns the contemporary fad for running and its connection with the ideology of healthism, which consists in a concentration on health as the sine qua non condition for individual well-being, and the assumption that health can be assured by proper lifestyle. In accordance with the ideas of Robert Crawford, the ideology of healthism is linked with the medicalization of society and is especially attractive to members of the middle class. The author attempts an empirical verification—in regard to Polish conditions—of the connection between healthism and the popularity of running. The author utilizes the findings of his own survey research in the years 2013–2016 among participants of the annual marathon in Łódź. The findings confirm that healthism could be one of the sources of the vogue for running, as is shown by: the pro-health motivations of the runners; their popular conviction that individuals can influence their own health; and their belief that health is one of two primary life values (alongside family happiness). In correspondence with Crawford’s theory, it is chiefly members of the Polish middle class who engage in running.
Po pierwsze — człowiek. Autoetnografia w kontekście teorii sprawstwa Margaret Archer
Authors: Majbroda Katarzyna
Published: May 2021

The aim of this article is to show autoethnography in the context of Margaret Archer’s theory of agency. The author’s point of departure is the assumption that autoethnography is not solely a current in socio-cultural anthropology where anthropologists are focused on themselves, nor is it limited to the genre of anthropological literature in which the experiences and emotions of fieldwork researchers are displayed in the foreground. The author shows that autoethnography makes use of the reflectiveness of being in the world that is an immanent characteristic of knowing subjects. A significant part of anthropological praxis also demands from researchers a permanent autoreflexivity. This autoreflexivity concerns the aims of knowing, the course of field research, relationships during it, tools and methods of knowledge, and the cultural, social, and political contexts of practicing anthropology and its consequences. This autoreflexivity is the source of agency. Reflection about ourselves begins with a thought and in an internal conversation; these are the basis of an integral part of anthropological praxis—agency.
Niepewne zatrudnienie, lęk i działania zbiorowe. Trzy wymiary prekarności
Authors: Palęcka Alicja , Płucienniczak Piotr P.
Published: May 2021

The terms “precariat” and “precarity” are often used in sociological discourse, although they have neither precise analytical definitions nor clear empirical indicators. The fault lies with their promoters, such as Guy Standing or Jarosław Urbański, who use the terms incoherently in their works. The authors attempt to systematize these concepts. They claim that “precariat” and “precarity” are variously understood and correspond to three related but separate levels of sociological analysis: (1) employment of the precariat as a macrosociological category; (2) the precariat as a framework for the mobilization of social movements; and (3) precarity as an experience. Different tools are used for each of these levels and each level makes it possible to view phenomena connected with the appearance of a precariat from a different perspective. The authors present the forms in which this phenomenon appears in Poland.
Etos dworu i „ludzi dobrze wychowanych”: epitafium dla inteligencji
Authors: Kamiński Antoni Z.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to a critical analysis of current controversies concerning the Polish national identity, and the interpretation of the impact of nobles’ democracy on the demise of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth. It considers the role of national identity as a factor influencing civic culture and, therefore, determining its usefulness in assuring the proper functioning of the constitutional order. The analysis assumes that (1) the current global order is the product of the emergence of nation-states; (2) that a nation-state cannot exist without civil society grounded in the concept of national identity and patriotism. Patriotism is opposed here to nationalism; similarly, cosmopolitism is opposed to internationalism. Patriotism and cosmopolitism are compatible and imply an open-minded, inclusive attitude to different national identities. Both nationalism with its focus on superiority of one’s own nation, and internationalism — rejection of the nation-state in the name of an imaginary global, stateless community — are exclusive. These both exclusive postures present a threat to civil society.
Punkty za inteligenckość. Agaty Zysiak rekonstrukcja historii Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego a rola PRL w umocnieniu inteligenckiej hegemonii
Authors: Zarycki Tomasz
Published: May 2021

The departure point for the author’s reflections is Agata Zysiak’s book entitled Punkty za pochodzenie. Powojenna modernizacja i uniwersytet w robotniczym mieście [Points for Class Origin: Post-War Modernization and the University in a Working-Class City] (2016). He develops his earlier ideas on the role of the intelligentsia in Poland’s social hierarchy, particularly in connection with the world elite, which, after Bourdieu, he calls the “field of power.” Zysiak’s analyses provide him with arguments for the statement that the period of the Polish People’s Republic can be treated, in multiple dimensions, as having strengthened the position of the intelligentsia and especially of selected milieus within it. Zysiak’s proposed description of the “university in a workers’ city” produces a picture of the triumph of the intelligentsia-elite, whom the new institution of higher learning effectively forms into a successive tool for the strengthening of its privileged status. It also, in the author’s opinion, a factor in the failure of the “new bourgeoisie,” that is, the parts of the middle class that after the periods of modernization reforms had large hopes of maintaining both their status and financial privileges. At the same time, in opposition to the traditional intelligentsia, the new bourgeoisie overlooked the classic distinction games of the elite and believed in the compensatory strength of the manifestation their — usually recently — acquired material resources. The author also reflects on the current picture of Polish scholarship.
Uniwersytet i nie-inteligencka opowieść o PRL
Authors: Szumski Jakub
Published: May 2021

This review of Agata Zysiak’s 2016 book Punkty za pochodzenie. Powojenna modernizacja i uniwersytet w robotniczym mieście [Points for Class Origin: Post-War Modernization and the University in a Working-Class City] offers a broad summary of the work and examines it as a general critique of Polish historiography on state socialism. Zysiak’s book opens a discussion on alternatives to national or intelligentsia-based narratives of the past by looking at the story of an unsuccessful experiment to construct a socialist university. However, the author of the review contends that this highly valuable book suffers from a lack of primary-source analysis and omits many post-war experiences.
Punkty, czyli złuda modernizacji
Authors: Kula Marcin
Published: May 2021

The author’s remarks on Agata Zysiak’s book Punkty za pochodzenie. Powojenna modernizacja i uniwersytet w robotniczym mieście [Points for Class Origin: Post-War Modernization and the University in a Working-Class City] (2016) primarily concern the question of social advance through education and Zysiak’s outline of this process in Poland after the Second World War. As a participant of that process — first as a student, and later as a teacher — the author suggests that it should be viewed from the perspective of historical sociology.
Polskie banki gniewu. Podziały społeczne w Polsce w perspektywie teorii Petera Sloterdijka
Authors: Budyta-Budzyńska Małgorzata
Published: May 2021

The author reflects on the social divisions that — as sociologists have long predicted — can presently be observed in Poland. The author sees the source of the phenomenon in the mechanism of relative deprivation, which leads to disappointed expectations, or to people’s assessment of their own social or material situation as being worse in comparison to a reference group such as their contemporaries, neighbors, an elite, or a ruling class. Such a situation creates anger — here the author reaches for Sloterdijk’s concept — which is accumulated in “anger banks,” that is, in organizations or milieus that thrive on that anger. In the author’s opinion, this is the nature of the current Polish political scene. What is involved is the collective defense of individual and group dignity. The broad support accorded PiS (the Law and Justice party) in the 2015 elections should be analyzed in terms of the reacquisition of dignity by those who have been overlooked. However, the operating mode of the anger banks means that what previously occurred by omission and deafness is presently taking on the dangerous form of insulting and stigmatizing those who think differently. The author concludes that what is needed today, by all sides of the conflict, is a lesson in self-respect and respect for one’s opponents, the reconstruction of social relations within the community, and learning how to listen to and respect the opinion of adversaries.
„Twardogłowi fanatycy” i „beneficjenci dobrej zmiany” — o „innych” Komitetu Obrony Demokracji
Authors: Radiukiewicz Anna
Published: May 2021

The author addresses the question of how a collective consciousness is shaped, using the example of KOD (Komitet Obrony Demokracji — the Committee for the Defense of Democracy), a social movement that emerged in Poland to protest the activities of the government installed after the parliamentary elections of 2015. As collective identity is to a high degree defined by the characteristics of an “other,” the statements of activists and followers of the KOD movement are analyzed. These statements come from voluntary interviews whose aim was to obtain a characterization of the opposing side. On the basis of this analysis, the author provides a portrait of the current political scene and essential parts of the political discourse.
„Wojenne” tożsamości etniczne w społeczeństwach postkonfliktowych — casus Irlandii Północnej
Authors: Szczecińska-Musielak Ewa
Published: May 2021

The author considers the situation prevailing in post-conflict societies, basing her reflections on the assumption that a key element of the peace process should be the formation (even if incomplete) of a model of group identity. As an example, she references the ethnic identities of the two main actors in the Northern Ireland conflict: the Irish Catholics and the Ulster Protestants. The decades of conflict in Ulster caused the emergence of an ethnic group identity that was defined as being “war-related,” and was oriented toward confrontation with the “enemy” and defense of the group’s rights. The author analyzes examples of creating common actions, initiated both from below and from the top down (the “shared future” policy), paying attention to the potential changes in ethnic attitudes and identities, in order to verify her assumptions.
Działania pozorne
Authors: Lutyński Jan
Published: May 2021

This is a reprint of an archival text by Jan Lutyński, an outstanding Polish sociologist, founder of the Łódź school of methodology, and co-founder of the Polish Sociological Association. The text is devoted to the imperfections of the political system in Poland in the 1970s–1980s and their negative social consequences in the form of “apparent activities.” On the thirtieth anniversary of Professor Lutyński’s death, the essay is worth re-reading as it is still topical and has inspired many authors.
Dom jako miejsce emocjonalne
Authors: Kubacka Małgorzata
Published: May 2021

The aim of this article is to show the home as an emotional place. The sphere of social conditions, which has been neglected until recently, can help explain emotion as a social construct. Many researchers have pointed to the emotional dimension of the experience of the home and living practices. A home is a complex place, a conglomerate of three aspects: material, symbolic, and relational. The experience of domesticity can be considered to have multiple aspects and to be variable. Taking emotions into account enables a fuller understanding of the duality of household practices, in connection with both their “function” and their role in creating, recreating, and changing the rules of the social order. In this sense, a home is located between the private and public sphere, emotional authenticity and emotional work, freedom and control, socialization and de-socialization, everyday life and celebration.
Los Organizadores De Información Como Estrategias Didácticas Para La Enseñanza De La Ciencia
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Freire Tigreros María Eufemia
Published: May 2021

El capítulo se desprende de algunas experiencias vividas en tres contextos universitarios de la ciudad de Cali. La Universidad 1, corresponde a una Institución pública de Educación Superior (IES) ubicada en el norte de la ciudad de Cali. Actualmente cuenta con programas de pregrado, posgrados, especializaciones, maestrías y un sinnúmero de ofertas académicas para la población caleña y aledaña; la Universidad 2, que es pública, cuenta con diversos programas académicos de pregrado y especializaciones, además de tener más de diez Centros Regionales de Educación a Distancia13 y varias universidades en convenio; la Universidad 3, hace referencia a una universidad privada del suroccidente colombiano con más de cincuenta años de trayectoria, cuya política de inclusión ha permitido llegar a las más diversas poblaciones sin diferenciación de razas y estratos.
RESEARCH IN CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY: CURRENT APPROACHES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Bose. Sharanya , Mandal Subhapriya , Prakash B S Ravi , Chakrabarty Himadri , Chakraborty Abhijit
Published: May 2021

Research in the eld of periodontology has observed a huge upheaval in the last two decades unveiling
newer alterations in techniques, methodologies, and material science. The recent centre of attention in
periodontal research is an evidence-based approach which offers a bridge from science to clinical practice. Research inculcates
scientic and inductive thinking and it promotes the development of logical habits of thinking and organization. In terms of
research methodology, the article aim to inform the reader on topics relating to randomized controlled trials in periodontal
research, evidence-based dentistry, calibration of clinical examiners and statistics relevant to periodontal research.
ELEMENTARY REVIEW OF AGNIKARMA AN AYURVEDIC PAIN KILLER
Authors: Satyanarain Satyanarain , Toshikhane Hemant , Chakraborthy GS , Mandal Snighdha Das
Published: May 2021

Agnikarma or thermal cauterization is one among the Anushastras or para-surgical technique
mentioned in all literatures of Ayurveda. Agnikarma as dened by Aacharya Sushruta is one of the
treatment in which with the help of particular shalaka the Agni is transferred into the tissue. Agnikarma is stated as more
important than ksara or other surgical management because of non-recurrence of diseases treated with Agni and its success in
diseases incurable by drugs, instrument and Ksara. Agni having usna, Tikshna, Sukshma and Ashukari properties pacify
vitiated vata and kapha dosha bringing them to their normal function. Sushruta says the pain aggravated by vata in twak ,
mamsa, sira, snayu, sandhi and asthi. Chronic wounds having some hard elevated tissue, Cystic lesions, haemorrhoids,
tumour, stula, sinus lymphadenopathy, larial, skin tag, hernia, joints disorders, to stop bleeding from cut vessels. In current
practises we are using Agnikarma for all the said purposes but most frequently for analgesic properties of Agnikarma.
On the Determination of a Compensation Model for Rain Degraded Digital DTH Links over a Tropical Location
Authors: Obiyemi O.O.
Published: May 2021

Ku-band satellite remains the most cost-effective distribution channel for digital television services in terms of global coverage and wide bandwidth availability. However, signal attenuation due to rain remains the bane of the reception quality and the continuous availability. In the clear-sky, the minimum signal loss between a Ku-satellite and an earth station is about 205 dB. The amount of rain rate and the site’s latitude further compound this minimum signal attenuation. Existing reported research works are mainly limited to modelling of rain-induced attenuation without porting research findings into compensation product in terms of appropriate mitigation technique. This study is aimed at developing a robust compensation model for the rain-induced digital satellite television services for an improved quality and availability of service in Nigeria, with a specific objective of determining the optimal dish size for compensating the signal attenuation on the digital satellite TV downlink. The methodology employed involves rain data collection from the International Telecommunication Union-Radiocommunication (ITU-R) worst rain zone in Nigeria. The determination of appropriate dish sizes for different parts of Nigeria was carried out. A compensation model was derived for the rain degraded DTH link; and practical dish size of 1.5 m, for 48 dBW satellite footprint, was found to be adequate for compensating Ku satellite signal attenuation, regardless of rainstorm in Nigeria.
The Need To Visualize Sudoku
Authors: Ipe Navin , V. Kulkarni Raghavendra
Published: May 2021

Sudoku puzzles are easily solved using backtracking algorithms. Yet, literature is scattered with various shy and often opaque attempts at using evolutionary algorithms and hybridizing them with known strategies of solving the puzzle. Evolutionary methods are serendipitous in nature, and this paper demonstrates the behaviour of such serendipity under constraints, using visuals that depict the sheer magnitude of the problem space and the nature in which intertwined constraints affect the scope for locating a solution, with the hope that it could inspire a new way of looking at the problem. We propose a method of visualizing the sudoku fitness landscape, the vastness and complexity of even partially brute forcing the puzzle, and a unique method of mutating puzzle states using circular swaps. These insights could potentially serve as a link to comprehend the problem space when designing solutions for vast, multidimensional problems. Additionally, finding the optimal solution for some puzzles was notably harder, compared to puzzles in the same category of given clues. A short investigation was conducted into this phenomenon, which revealed hints that compel us to propose that the direction of research that should be taken, is in discovering more about puzzle states and definitive mathematical properties of the puzzle, rather than merely designing brute-force, stochastic or hybrid approaches of finding solutions.
Evaluation of Distraction Effect of Music Stimuli during Cycling Exercise with Low intensity in terms of Multiple Time Scale
Authors: Bao Caijilahu
Published: May 2021

These data are obtained from experiments done by individuals.
False Data Detection in Smart Grid using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: S. R. Mugunthan , T. Vijayakumar
Published: May 2021

In order to increase the utilization of artificial intelligence in smart grids, it is necessary to have an accurate state estimation. This criterion is an essential aspect, along with other functionalities for successful control and monitoring. As the internet and utility network form an increasing interconnectivity, it leaves the state estimators in a state of vulnerability to various attacks like bad data detection and false data injection. Though there are many research-works done on detectors for false data detection, depending on the contingencies, the counter measure will also vary. A sudden change physically will have a high impact on the available data, resulting in incorrect classification of the future instances. As a means of addressing this issue, we have analyzed the differences between data manipulation change and physical grid change for better understanding. Focusing on distribution change, we used outage and have introduced analysis of historical data. The goal is to determine the important aspects thereby identifying the scope. We have also used statistical hypothesis and dimensionality reduction for testing purpose. We have used IEEE 14 bus system for evaluation based on the scenario of attack: under concept drift and without concept drift. The result shows a more accurate output when compared with the other previously existing methodologies using concept drift.
The Influence of Social Media Advertising on Purchasing Decisions at Startup Companies
Authors: Sitompul Dany Perdana , Ferawati Ferawati
Published: May 2021

The era of globalization, better known as the Industrial Revolution, Era 4.0, makes all sectors change. We are starting to see massive efficiency where output becomes one of the targeted indicators. The maximum disclosure of information with almost free access can be a huge opportunity for a company to startups compete on a wide scale. Marketing is an activity that should always be included, from everything carried out by large companies to Startups or SMEs. In this new era, marketing is generally executed out in two ways, traditional and digital. We also know that social media is an individual quite widely used for personal and business purposes. And the use of this new digital trend in marketing has also greatly increased, becoming the media used by almost every company or startup in carrying out its marketing campaigns. The specific purpose of this research is to understand the true impact of social media marketing and how effective this marketing is in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to Startups in Medan, North Sumatera The testing is done empirically and consumers tend to lean on great communication and indication of a strong collaboration.
Customer Satisfaction Assessed from Lifestyle, Promotion, and Quality
Authors: Kumalasari Indah , Mursito Bambang
Published: May 2021

Customer Satisfaction in terms of Shopee's Lifestyle, Promotion, and Service Quality. Thesis, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics, Islamic University of Batik Surakarta, 2021. This study aims to prove the simultaneous and partial effect of Customer Satisfaction in terms of Lifestyle, Promotion, and Shopee E-Commerce Service Quality. This research is quantitative descriptive. The population is all Shopee E-commerce buyers. The number of samples used by Sugiyono's guidelines, amounting to 100 respondents, the sample was taken by purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis.  The results of the study indicate that the F-test of lifestyle, promotion, and service quality simultaneously and significantly affects Shopee e-commerce customer satisfaction. The t-test results show that lifestyle has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction of Shopee's e-commerce, the promotion has a positive and significant effect on Shopee e-commerce customer satisfaction, service quality has a positive and significant effect on Shopee e-commerce customer satisfaction. The coefficient of determination shows that lifestyle, promotion, and service quality variables on Shopee e-commerce customer satisfaction. The most dominant influence on Shopee e-commerce customer satisfaction is lifestyle variables because it has the largest.
Hargomulyo Citizens 'Obstacles in Choosing a Leader
Authors: Ashadi Ardi , Widodo Widodo
Published: May 2021

Citizen Hargomulyo has determined a leader which can be expected to protect its people is more when commutation moment hence people surely hope the leader which will be better in holding governance wheel. At this opportunity is writer starts from a survey later; then communicates with the society either through direct and also through passing media social later; then does conduct this research with the descriptive method qualitative. Hence at this opportunity is a writer will pare and explain what citizen resistance in choosing a leader. Candidate resistance is: Less be recognized although often have socialization to 5%. Socialization less 7%, A lot of promise 13%. Experience in society 4%. Less go into society 9%. Successful Team does not solicit 10%. graceless Successful Team 9%. in government 7%. Education 4% campaign Negative 17% and kinds of resistance in the content of according to elector experience 6%.
Analysis of the Markowitz Method and the Single Index Method in Determining the Optimal Portfolio
Authors: Fitriyani Dhea Eka
Published: May 2021

Investors generally make investments to get the maximum return with minimal risk. The optimal portfolio is a method that can be used to determine the stock portfolio that produces the maximum return with the least risk. The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of the Markowitz method and the single index method in determining the optimal portfolio and to determine whether or not there are differences in the results of optimal portfolio calculations using the Markowitz Method and the Single Index Method. The study population includes LQ-45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2018. The sampling method used in this study was purposive sampling, based on predetermined criteria obtained from 18 sample companies. The method used is the One-Sample t-Test and the Independent Sample t-Test. The results of this study indicate that there is no difference between the Markowitz Method and the Single Index Method in determining the Optimal Portfolio.
THE ENGAGE MODEL: A FACILITATOR’S FRAMEWORK FOR LEARNER ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Dr Sheela Philip
Published: May 2021

Teachers, as facilitators of learning, are constantly soul searching, looking for sound transaction styles that are known to raise teacher efficiency. Making classrooms spaces that are joyful, learner-centric and engaging requires enormous portions of ingenuity on the part of a teacher. ‘Learning-by-Doing’ is a psychologically robust way of learning. It not only etches lasting memory but also makes the process of learning a meaningful experience. Self-learning within groups instils lessons on collaborative and social discipline and thus prepares the learner to face adversity in preparation for life. An effective curriculum should provide for multiple intelligences to fruition, thus raising correlation between subjects, providing scope for every student to engage in the act of discovery. Unplugged education, outdoors education, learning through engagement are all hands-on strategies that are novel and significant in holding attention levels in an era that is overwhelmed by technology and digitisation. The ‘STEAM Curriculum’ holds great relevance in contemporary education and it stems from learning engagements advocated by this model, permitting multidisciplinary correlation and reflection on action.
This paper provides the framework of a lesson that is transacted hands-on through inquiry and reflection. It provides a prospective teacher of this model with the syntax and the pathway of deliberation. This is a general prototype that bears a multidisciplinary essence and thus can be extrapolated in varied situations, levels and academic disciplines of learning.
KEYWORDS: Discovery Method, ENGAGE Model, Experiential Learning, Pragmatism, STEAM curriculum
Comparative evaluation of antigenic activity of means of immune prevention of anaerobic enterotoxemia of calves
Authors:   Researcher at the Laboratory of Quality and Standardization of Bacterial Medicines, All-Russian State Center for Quality and Standardization of Medicines for Animals and Feed, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kramer Yu. N. , Pimenov N. V. ,   Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

The study of the antigenic activity of vaccines used against anaerobic enterotoxemia of calves was carried out. The level of antibodies during immunization with the vaccines: «Polyvalent toxoid Clostridium perfringens against anaerobic enterotoxemia of calves» and the associated vaccine against clostridiosis «Klostbovak-8» – was comparable. Credits to all types of the pathogen was protective in the application of the toxoid. At 40–50 days of age, the level of antibodies was significantly higher when using polyvalent toxoid. No antibodies were detected in the control group.
The efficiency of combined use of antioxidant dihydroquercetin and prebiotic arabinogalactan in growing calves during the milk period
Authors:   Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Chemical Analysis in Animal Husbandry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Agricultural Animals, Federal Research Center of Livestock – VIZH behalf of the L. K. Ernst, Dubrovitsy, Russian Federation, Fomichev Yu. P.
Published: May 2021

Studies were conducted on two groups of calves during the growing period from 1 to 6 months in conditions of unfavorable respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. Calves of the experimental group with a diet were given dihydroquercetin and arabinogalactan at a dose of 1 and 75 mg/ kg of live weight / day, respectively. DHQ and AG, in accordance with their biological properties, provided a high level of antioxidant protection, the formation of microbiocenosis and intestinal immunity, correction and control of mineral homeostasis in the body of calves. As a result, there was a normalization and increase in the intensity of protein, nitrogen, lipid, carbohydrate, energy and mineral metabolism, improved the functional state of the liver and increased pathogenetic resistance, which generally had a positive effect on the formation of productive health, viability and resistance of the body to the action of biotic and abiotic environmental factors, safety and average daily growth of calves.
Three-component model systems based on egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol in the presence of silver nanoparticles
Authors:   Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Chemistry named after Professors S. I. Afonsky, A. G. Malakhov, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Milaeva I. V. , Zaytsev S. Yu. ,   Doctor of Biological Sciences, Doctor of Chemical Sciences, Professor, Leading Researcher, Head of the Analytical Biochemistry Group of the Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Farm Animals, All-Russia Research Institute of Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L. K. Ernst, Dubrovitsy, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

Due to the significant increase in the resistance of microorganisms to the action of medicines, primarily antibiotics, the search for other antibacterial agents, including the preparation of silver-based drugs, is extremely important. In small concentrations (50 mcg/l), silver is safe for a living organism, but shows a destructive effect against most bacteria and viruses. The use of silver in the form of nanoparticles (NPAg) can reduce its concentration by hundreds of times compared to the ionic form, while preserving all its antimicrobial properties. An important task is both the development of non-toxic antimicrobial drugs based on silver NP that retain their bactericidal properties and stability over a long period, and the elucidation of the mechanisms of interaction of NPAg with cells and tissues of a living organism. The aim of this work was to study the effect of specified concentrations of NPAg on the structure (size) of particles and surface tension (ST) of model systems obtained on the basis of crude egg phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. In the work, mixtures of the following lipids were studied in detail: PCe1 – crude phosphatidylcholine, Chol – cholesterol. It was shown that under the influence of middle concentrations of NPAg (up to 0,3–0,5 rel. units) in samples with PCe1 significant changes in the particle size in the mixture occur. Moreover, in mixtures of Chol with PCe1, the addition of NPAg even at a low concentration (0,01 rel. units) already causes a decrease in the average particle diameter by 1,5 times. It has been shown that the presence of sufficiently large NPAg particles (at surface lifetimes from 0,5 to 5 s) gives higher ST values, and a change in the particle size leads to changes in ST: an increase in size – an increase in ST, a decrease in size – a decrease in ST. The equilibrium ST is apparently influenced by the presence of NPAg particles of different sizes in the sample and their ratio. A study of the interaction of NPAg with natural compounds, such as phospholipids, polysaccharides, proteins and peptides, is of great fundamental and practical importance.