bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevención, detección temprana y posvención del riesgo de suicidio: una revisión narrativa
Authors: Grande Ratti María Florencia , Malleza Sebastián , Bertolani Fernando Carlos , Faccioli José Luis , Valdez D´stefano Lucia , Martínez Bernardo Julio , Matusevich León Daniel
Published: January 2025

El suicidio representa un desafío crítico de salud pública. La presente revisión narrativa se propuso actualizar la evidencia disponible sobre detección y prevención del riesgo, con la finalidad de promover líneas de acción para el abordaje temprano e integral de este complejo y multicausal problema; evaluar la posibilidad de fortalecer políticas, programas y acciones para potenciar los recursos existentes y/o promover la creación de otros nuevos. La prevención destaca la necesidad de estrategias personalizadas y colaboración interdisciplinaria. La detección temprana implica la identificación de perfiles de riesgo, especialmente en quienes han intentado varias veces, que puede guiar intervenciones más efectivas. Capacitar a profesionales de la salud es crucial para detectar y abordar el riesgo. El uso de tecnologías web, coproducción en prevención, atención telefónica y contacto breve son estrategias prometedoras. Los servicios de urgencia y el seguimiento ambulatorio resultan imprescindibles tras la consulta en las centrales de emergencias. Las acciones de posvención contribuyen a la reducción de daños y a la mitigación de impactos negativos en los supervivientes.
Strategic health planning in Sri Lanka: Evaluating health master plans from 2005 to 2025
Authors: Rahulan Kalainathan  , Sridharan Sathasivam  , Paul Roshan Gnanakunalan  , Sathiyamoorthy Thangamuthu
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Health Master Plans are vital for guiding national healthcare strategies in alignment with economic and social development. In Sri Lanka, the Health Master Plan 2005–2015 and the National Health Strategic Master Plan 2016–2025 aimed to ensure equitable access to healthcare and improve population well-being. This case study evaluates these plans to provide recommendations for future development.
Methods: A comprehensive analysis was conducted, examining political, economic, and social contexts, demographic patterns, health demands, infrastructure, funding, and international cooperation. Key challenges were identified and prioritised using the "Eat that frog" technique, followed by root cause analysis to address issues of clarity, organisation, and strategic objectives.
Results: The evaluation highlighted significant challenges, including complexity, information overload, and lack of clarity in strategic objectives. Recommendations include conducting thorough sectoral analyses, setting clear strategic directions, and developing a prioritised investment portfolio aligned with global health goals. Continuity and alignment with international frameworks are also emphasised.
Discussion: The findings indicate that future health master plans should follow a standardised format, conduct thorough situational analysis, and set achievable objectives. Strategic directions should be clearly stated, considering historical and contextual factors, and aligned with global development goals. The Management Development and Planning Unit (MDPU) at the Ministry of Health is crucial in this process, tasked with ensuring systematic and continuous improvement.
Conclusion: This assessment provides valuable insights for enhancing future health master plans in Sri Lanka. Emphasising clarity, conciseness, comprehensiveness, and strategic alignment will be essential for addressing current challenges and achieving long-term health goals.
Dynamics of Science Development in Azerbaijan 2023-2024 (Primary Scientometric Analysis)
Authors: Kazimi Parviz Firudin Oqlu
Published: January 2025

The integration of scientific and information products into the global information space in the Republic of Azerbaijan began with the reforms of 2017. As a result of the measures taken, scientific activities were assessed according to international standards for the first time in 2023.  This article is devoted to the study of the work done in the field of determining the national H index in Azerbaijan and the methodology used. The picture emerging with the use of scientometric methods reveals the overall picture of scientific activity in the country and expresses reality. It is also integrated into international scientific information processes, and the system assessment method is used.
SWOT Analysis of the READSI Program in North Luwu: Assessing Effectiveness and Introducing the SIFITRI Strategy
Authors: Amir Fitriani , Akib Haedar , Nur Andi Cudai
Published: January 2025

In many developing countries, rural communities often face significant challenges  that hindering agricultural productivity and economic growth. These challenges include limited access to resources, lack of training, inadequate infrastructure, and resistance to adopting new technologies. This study assesses the implementation of the Rural Empowerment and Agricultural Development Scaling-up Initiative (READSI) program in North Luwu Regency, focusing on its efficacy in enhancing farmers' welfare. The objective was to evaluate how well the program has improved agricultural productivity and incomes. The study employed a qualitative case study methodology, collecting data  through in-depth interviews with program participants, agricultural extension officers, and other pertinent stakeholders. Thematic analysis was utilized to identify recurring themes and patterns, while descriptive statistics summarized the demographic information of the interviewees. The results revealed that READSI has significantly increased agricultural productivity and farmers' incomes by providing targeted training and improved access to agricultural inputs and technology. However, challenges such as infrastructural deficiencies, resistance to adopting new technologies, and human resource constraints persist. The findings contribute to the literature on rural development and offer practical policy recommendations for enhancing similar initiatives. Implementing the SIFITRI strategy could significantly bolster the resilience and sustainability of rural development programs, ensuring continuous improvement in farmers' welfare.
Digital Governance Model for Peruvian University Academic Management
Authors: García-Estrella Cristian , Delgado-Bardales José , Contreras-Julián Rosa
Published: January 2025

The objective was establishing a digital governance model to improve academic management at the Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Tarapoto, 2024. The study was applied with a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, and cross-sectional. The population included 537 teachers, from which a sample of 97 was selected through non-probabilistic sampling. The results showed that digital governance significantly improved academic management, especially in interoperability and data governance dimensions. However, critical areas such as digital security and digital services were identified. The validated proposal included strategies focused on digital technologies, digital identity, and interoperability to optimize academic and administrative processes. It was concluded that the digital governance model improved academic management according to the opinion of the validating experts, replicable in other higher education institutions, facilitating compliance with educational quality standards, and digital inclusion in higher education.
Natural Resources Endowment, Institutional Quality and External Debt in Selected African Countries
Authors: Akomolafe K. J.
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effects of natural resources endowment and institutional quality on external debt in selected nine African countries from 1996 to 2019. Two measures of institutional quality, control of corruption and government effectiveness, were used as measures of institutional quality while feasible generalized least square (FGLS) was used for the estimation. The findings suggest that natural resources rent leads to more external debts, but control of corruption and government effectiveness reduce it. However, moderating natural resource rent with control of corruption and government effectiveness does not entirely mitigate the positive effect of natural resources on external debt. It is therefore recommended that African governments should not rely solely on enhancing institutional quality as means to reducing foreign debt, but should embrace a more thorough and multifaceted strategy that involves enhancing debt management, economic diversification, fiscal discipline, and resource revenue management.
Effect of porosity distribution rate for the analysis of free vibrations of imperfect functionally graded plates
Authors: Meftah Ali , Dehbi Atallah , Yahiaoui Mohamed
Published: January 2025

The vibrational behavior of simply supported imperfect functionally graded plates is studied and analyzed in this paper, and different types of porosity distribution rate is considered. Using higher-order shear deformation theory, This new model meets the nullity of the transverse shear stress at the upper and lower surfaces of the plate,transverse shear effects are studied as a function of plate thickness. Without the application of a shear correction coefficient, the current model contains only four unknowns. The mechanical properties of the plates are assumed to vary through the thickness according to a power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. Hamilton's principle is used to obtain the equations of motion. The closed form solutions are derived by using Navier’s method and then fundamental frequencies are obtained by solving the results of eigenvalue problems. the results of this analysis are presented and compared with those available in the literature.
Heart sound segmentation based on morphological transformation
Authors: Ahmed Taouli Sidi
Published: January 2025

In cardiology, the study of heart sounds is an essential diagnostic tool. Heart sound segmentation is used to automatically analyse phonocardiogram signals(PCG). This provides relevant information for diagnosis and increases the accuracy of identification. This paper presents a method for automatic segmentation of S1 and S2 heart sounds based on the operations of multi-resolution morphological gradient, multi-scale morphological closing envelope, morphological opening and top-hat transformation. These operations first suppress murmurs and artefacts, then localise the boundaries of the heart sound components. Finally, the heart sounds are segmented into several parts based on the results of locating the extremities and identifying the first sound S1 and the second sound S2. The proposed method was validated using the Physionet and Pascal databases and the following results were obtained. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves an average sensitivity of 99.75%, an average positive predictive value of 98.42%, an average accuracy of 98.17% and an average F-score of 99.08% for the segmentation of S1 and S2 sounds.
These exceptional performances, superior to those of previous methods, suggest that this approach could become a reference tool for the automatic analysis of cardiac signals.
Uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca da relação entre anestesia espinhal e parada cardiorespiratória
Authors: Santana Alexandre Augusto de Andrade , Rosa Julia Grossi Sampaio , Rocha Juliana Espíndola , Arraes João Felipe Azevedo , Moraes Luiza Ferro Marques , Paranhos Gustavo Veloso de Almeida Rassi , Avelar Giovana Silveira , Fonseca Érika Lorrayne Ferreira , Ataídes João Victor Benevenuto de Queiroz e , Gomes José Victor Lisboa Cardoso , Santana Natan Augusto de Almeida
Published: January 2025

INTRODUÇÃO: A anestesia espinhal, técnica amplamente empregada em procedimentos cirúrgicos, se destaca por sua segurança e eficácia. No entanto, a ocorrência de parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) pós-procedimento, embora rara, representa uma das complicações mais graves. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura especializada, na base de dados da PubMed, com os descritores: “Spinal anesthesia” AND “cardiac” AND “arrest” nos últimos 5 anos. Foram selecionados 7 artigos científicos. Foram incluídos apenas artigos em inglês e realizados em humanos, e excluídos artigos que não se enquadraram nos objetivos do presente estudo. RESULTADOS: A ação da anestesia espinhal sobre o sistema nervoso autônomo, predominantemente parassimpático, induz alterações hemodinâmicas como hipotensão e bradicardia. Embora a progressão para PCR seja infrequente, a possibilidade dessa complicação exige vigilância constante por parte da equipe anestésica. A incidência de PCR pós-anestesia espinhal varia significativamente na literatura, com estimativas entre 1,3 e 18 casos por 10.000 procedimentos. Diversos fatores, como a experiência da equipe e as características do paciente, podem influenciar esse risco. A fisiopatologia da PCR pós-anestesia espinhal é complexa e multifatorial, envolvendo interações entre o bloqueio neuroaxial, as características individuais do paciente e outros fatores concomitantes. Estudos demonstram que a PCR, quando ocorre, geralmente se manifesta nas primeiras horas após o procedimento, embora outros eventos cardiovasculares adversos possam surgir em um período mais prolongado. CONCLUSÃO: A anestesia espinhal, apesar de seus benefícios, apresenta um risco intrínseco de induzir alterações hemodinâmicas e, em casos raros, a PCR. A prevenção e o manejo adequado dessa complicação exigem um profundo conhecimento da fisiopatologia envolvida, monitorização rigorosa dos sinais vitais e a pronta intervenção da equipe anestésica em caso de emergência. Investigações futuras são necessárias para melhor compreender os mecanismos fisiopatológicos subjacentes à PCR pós-anestesia espinhal e desenvolver estratégias mais eficazes para sua prevenção e tratamento.
Formação docente, prática reflexiva e identidade profissional: contribuições para a prática pedagógica
Authors: Oliveira Gabriela dos Santos , Nikele Eliane , Fernandes Tarlla , Bolzan Mariane , Megier Clarice Marlene Rucks , Antunes Helenise Sangoi
Published: January 2025

Este artigo apresenta uma análise oriunda de uma pesquisa realizada para a dissertação de mestrado, cujo objetivo foi explorar as práticas de alfabetização no contexto da formação docente, destacando o papel da prática reflexiva e da formação continuada na construção da identidade profissional dos professores. A pesquisa seguiu uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação sistemática para investigar a trajetória de uma professora alfabetizadora. Os resultados demonstraram que a prática reflexiva e a formação continuada são elementos fundamentais para a consolidação de uma pedagogia crítica e transformadora, permitindo a ressignificação da identidade docente e a adaptação às demandas contextuais da prática educacional. Conclui-se que o fortalecimento da identidade docente, aliado à formação contínua, promove estratégias pedagógicas inovadoras e uma atuação ética e sensível, alinhada às necessidades de um ensino inclusivo e transformador.
Viabilidade e eficiência de silos experimentais alternativos
Authors: Poletto Amanda de Oliveira , Luz Geovani Gabriel Gonçalves da , Ribeiro Alessandra de Jesus , Codognoto Luciane da Cunha , Conde Thassiane Telles
Published: January 2025

Tubos de PVC são utilizados como silos experimentais para avaliação de silagens. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar diferentes recipientes como silos experimentais quanto a qualidade químico-bromatológica, perdas fermentativas e avaliação visual de silagem de milho. Em delineamento inteiramente casualizado foram avaliados quatro tratamentos, com capacidade 2 dm3: silo pote plástico, silo “longa vida”, silo garrafa PET e testemunha (silo tubo de PVC). Proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido e condutividade elétrica não caracterizaram efeito significativo entre os silos avaliados. Os silos tubo de PVC e garrafa PET destacaram melhor manutenção do teor de massa seca (MS), diferindo do silo “longa vida” (p=0,00), com 30,52% MS. Quanto ao potencial hidrogeniônico, silo “longa vida” diferiu dos demais silos (p=0,00), equivalente a 4,06. O silo garrafa PET caracterizou perda total de MS superior (p=0,00), proporcional a 184,7% em relação ao silo tubo de PVC. O silo garrafa PET registrou perdas por gases (p=0,02) e efluentes (p=0,02), superiores aos silos tubo de PVC e pote plástico. Dentre os silos alternativos, o pote plástico caracterizou condições anaeróbicas à obtenção da silagem, permitindo avaliação visual do processo fermentativo; é isento de contaminantes residuais da embalagem, que comprometam a qualidade e segurança higiênica do alimento; e, reduzido custo de aquisição.
Adubação fosfatada e biofertilizante bovino na produção de Cucumis anguria L.
Authors: Macedo Ian Costa , Silva Vilmar Pereira da , Soares João Pedro Silva , Lima Paulo César Sousa , Nunes Járisson Cavalcante , Rodrigues Weverton Pereira , Silva Clemilton Alves da , Nunes Juliete Araújo da Silva
Published: January 2025

A adubação fosfatada associada a aplicação de insumos orgânicos pode favorecer o desenvolvimento e a produção das plantas. Neste sentido, o objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito da adubação organomineral no crescimento e na produtividade do maxixe. O experimento foi realizado em uma propriedade ao lado do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Naturais e Letras, Campus Estreito, na Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão. Os dez tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 5 × 2, em blocos casualizados com cinco repetições. O primeiro fator foi referente a cinco doses de fósforo (0; 96,2; 192,4; 288,6 e 384,8 g cova-1 de P2O5) e o segundo a ausência e presença de biofertilizante bovino. O insumo orgânico foi produzido de forma anaeróbica, utilizando partes iguas de água e esterco de vacas em lactação. Foram avaliados o comprimento do ramo principal, o diâmetro caulinar, o número de frutos por planta, a massa média dos frutos, a produção por planta e a produtividade. O desenvolvimento das plantas de maxixe é favorecido com a aplicação da adubação organomineral. A maior massa média dos frutos de maxixe foi de 22,8 g na dose de fósforo de 206 g por cova. A maior produtividade (1.345,95 kg ha-1) foi obtida na presença do insumo orgânico associado a dose de adubação fosfatada de 230,39 g por cova. A definição das práticas adequadas de manejo beneficia significativamente os agricultores familiares produtores de maxixe.
Clinical Profile of Female Patients Presented with Breast Diseases: An Institutional Analysis in Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Abdul Wahhab Rawaa Abdul Sattar , Mohammed Luma Kareem , Abdulhassan Bashar Abbas
Published: January 2025

Background: Female patients may complain of breast symptoms throughout their lives. These lesions are mostly benign. Benign breast lesions are much more common than breast cancer throughout the world. Objectives: to assess the frequency, pattern, and clinical presentation of breast diseases among female patients attending the breast clinic in one of the largest teaching hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, during 2023. Methods: All cases that visited the breast clinic at Al-Imamein Al-Kadhmain Medical City Hospital, Iraq, in 2023 had their case files reviewed as part of a cross-sectional descriptive survey. Results: The total number of patients was 7526. For benign breast disease, the mean age of presentation was 36.4 years. And for malignant breast disease, it was 43.5 years. 49.8% of them presented with pathological symptoms, and 51.4% of the total patients came for follow-up visits, 999 Patients (13.2%) were examined using mammograms after referral by the specialist physician. The mammogram showed that 48% of them had a normal exam, and 37.5% were found to have a benign disease. 0.46% had a malignant disease, and only 17% were found to be suspected cases. 367 patients (36.7%) continued their work up inside the hospital and did FNAC and/or biopsy for a definite diagnosis; 10.3% showed malignant cells, and 88.2% were benign diseases of the breast. Conclusions: Benign diseases were the most common type, and breast mass was the main clinical presentation of both benign and malignant diseases.
Effective desensitization in an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to tocilizumab in neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Cunha Francisca , Alves Pedro , Lopes João Cardoso , Ribeiro Carmelita , Bom Ana Todo
Published: January 2025

Neuromyelitis optica is a rare, inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Tocilizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody, which targets the inhibition of the interleukin-6 receptor, a mediator with an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of neuromyelitis optica. Hypersensitivity reactions to tocilizumab are rare, but similar to other biological drugs can elicit a hypersensitivity reaction. The authors present a case of a 50-year-old female patient, with a neuromyelitis optica, with a severe reaction at the 6th cycle of treatment. The patient was referred to Drug Allergy Consultation, where she underwent tocilizumab skin tests: intradermal test 1/1,000 with a positive result. The patient was then proposed for drug desensitization, and, to date, the patient has undergone 22 desensitization cycles, all of which were uneventful. This case emphasizes the importance of trying to phenotype the hypersensitivity reactions to monoclonal antibodies, and therefore invest in an allergy workup to make the best decision for our patients.
Stapokibart (CM310) in patients with uncontrolled seasonal allergic rhinitis (PHECDA): rationale and design of a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Wang Menglin , Zhang Yuan , Li Jingyun , Wang Chengshuo , Zhang Luo
Published: January 2025

Background:

Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is a global health issue, and the current standard of care (SoC) has limited effectiveness in controlling the disease. There is a need for innovative treatments to better manage uncontrolled SAR and advance beyond the uniform SoC, and biologics targeting type 2 inflammation driving allergic rhinitis is promising.

Objective:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Stapokibart, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha, as an add-on therapy in patients with uncontrolled SAR.

Methods:

The PHECDA is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 clinical study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Stapokibart in treating uncontrolled SAR in adults. Conducted across 18 centers in China during the pollen season, the study plans to recruit 108 adult patients with moderate to severe nasal symptoms despite receiving SoC during the previous seasonal pollen period, along with a 1-week run-in period and a baseline blood eosinophil count of at least 300 cells·μL−1. The study consists of a screening/run-in period (1 week), treatment period (4 weeks), and follow-up period (8 weeks). In addition to SoC, which includes mometasone furoate nasal spray and loratadine, participants are randomly assigned using a centralized interactive-web-response-system to receive either subcutaneous Stapokibart 600 (loading dose)-300 mg or a placebo every 2 weeks for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint of the study is the mean change from baseline in the daily reflective total nasal symptom score over the first 2 weeks of treatment. Subjects who have been administered at least 1 dose of the investigational drug will be included in the assessments of both efficacy and safety.

Results:

This article outlines the methodology utilized in a multicenter trial studying Stapokibar for seasonal allergic rhinitis, with expectations to discuss its significant effects in subsequent analyses based on trial outcomes.

Conclusion:

The PHECDA study is for the first time to provide insight into the efficacy and safety of a seasonal add-on Stapokibart for patients with uncontrolled SAR during pollen exposure.

Trial registration:

NCT05908032
Peran Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Pengelolaan Anggaran Pendidikan
Authors: Pangestu Prayogo , Gandasacita Ilham , Maftuhah Maftuhah
Published: January 2025

Management at Darul Huda Integrated Private Junior High School focuses on budget management that relies on the School Operational Assistance Fund and external donations. The aim is to assess the role of the principal in the effectiveness of budget management and its impact on the use of those funds. The research was conducted using mixed methods, with data collection through interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires. Data processing involved condensation, presentation, verification, and ended with a t-test. The results show: (1) The principal acts as an educational manager by prioritizing the school's needs and involving staff in planning. As an educational entrepreneur, the principal ensures budget transparency and seeks alternative funding sources. As a supervisor, the principal conducts periodic evaluations of budget usage. (2) The principal's role as a manager, educational entrepreneur, and financial supervisor significantly impacts the management of educational budgets. Conclusion: The principal has maximized financial management to meet the school's needs.
Exploration and Research of Convolutional Neural Networks in Image Recognition
Authors: Song Xican
Published: January 2025

In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved significant progress in the field of image recognition. However, their generalization capability and model complexity still require optimization in practical applications. This paper aims to further explore and optimize the performance of CNNs in image recognition tasks. First, the paper reviews the applications and techniques of CNNs in areas such as agricultural image recognition, animal recognition, smart city construction, and facial recognition. Second, the basic structure and training process of CNNs are introduced. A corresponding CNN model is constructed and trained using the MNIST handwritten dataset, achieving a test set accuracy of 98%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of CNNs in image recognition tasks. Finally, the feasibility and limitations of using advanced methods, such as residual networks (ResNet) and batch normalization, to address more complex image recognition problems are discussed.
Review of the Development of Machine Learning Application in Tropical Cyclone Prediction
Authors: Liu Yifei
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, along with the trend that more and more devastating tropical cyclones are happening all over the world, peoples are facing serious threat. Since traditional models have trouble giving more accurate prediction results, ML models are introduced to provide a more effective way. This overview briefly summarizes the history of ML and the causes of TCs, giving some algorithms of ML that were applied to TC prediction. It also included two actual examples of ML methods that had made a success on predicting TCs. Despite the fact that challenges exist in data quality and computational resources, machine learning models have proven to have huge potential in improving the accuracy and efficiency of tropical cyclone predictions. Whats more, this overview provides some possible prospects of the field, too, including model optimization, risk assessment, and interdisciplinary collaboration. These urgently-needed advancements are essential for improving the resilience of coastal rigions abilities to deal with TCs and the disaster caused by it.
Key influences on the preparation of Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapour Deposition: Optimisation of Catalysts, Gas Parameters and Reaction Conditions
Authors: He Ruochong , Li Pinze , Ou Xinyi
Published: January 2025

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have garnered significant interest in the field of nanomaterials due to their remarkable physicochemical properties, including exceptional strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability. The predominant method for synthesizing CNTs is chemical vapor deposition (CVD), a process that allows for precise control over the nanotube characteristics. This paper investigates the crucial roles of catalysts, reaction gases, and specific reaction conditions in the CVD method for CNT growth. It elaborates on how the selection of an appropriate catalyst, optimization of gas flow rates, and meticulous control of reaction temperature and duration can significantly influence the growth rate, structural integrity, and overall quality of the produced CNTs. Furthermore, the study confirms that by strategically adjusting these parameters, both the yield and purity of CNTs can be markedly enhanced. Ultimately, the objective of this paper is to provide insights that will facilitate the broader industrial application of CNTs, contributing to advancements in various fields such as electronics, materials science, and nanotechnology by optimizing the critical factors that affect their synthesis. This work aims to pave the way for innovative applications of CNTs in emerging technologies.
Research and Design on Noise Performance Optimization of Operational Amplifiers
Authors: Tsai Jielan
Published: January 2025

With the department of electronic technology, operational amplifiers (or op-amps) are playing an increasingly vital role in signal processing. Noise, as one of the key factors affecting the performance of operational amplifiers, has become a significant topic in electronic design for controlling and optimizing performance. This paper begins by categorizing and analyzing common types of noise found in operational amplifiers, including thermal noise, shot noise, and flicker noise, and discusses their mechanisms of generation. Based on this foundation, the paper proposes three noise reduction strategies: circuit design optimization, shielding processes, and physical layer design. Circuit design optimization reduces noise by selecting appropriate components and adjusting circuit layouts; shielding processes employ electrostatic, electromagnetic, and magnetic shielding techniques to minimize external interference; physical layer design optimizes noise performance by altering component dimensions. Through referenced research and analysis, this paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed noise reduction methods and showcases their performance enhancements in practical applications. Finally, the paper summarizes the research findings and provides an outlook on future research directions.
The Relationship Between Urban Morphology and the Urban Heat Island Effect: A Study of Cooling Strategies in Urbanized Areas
Authors: Kong Yixi
Published: January 2025

With more and more cities experiencing urbanisation, the issue of Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects has become a concern in urban areas worldwide. This paper evaluates the impact of urban morphology, particularly urban expansion and densification, on the UHI effect, and examines the trajectory of UHI in Chinese cities. The 2D Layout BCR (Building Coverage Ratio) model shows that horizontal expansion tending to increase impervious surfaces, and the increased proportion of impervious surfaces will lead to more heat retention, while the physical air barrier in densely built environments can worsen the UHI effect by obstructing the natural ventilation of air. The longitudinal data of urban planning variables of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen showed that expansion and densification had a long-term trend in recent decades, and the increase of night-time temperature had a positive correlation with expansion rate and building intensity. Through the analysis of urban characteristics and the discussion of heat mitigation measures, this paper emphasises the role of proactive urban planning in balancing urban expansion and cooling needs, and the importance of the cooling strategy embedded in the urban form. Heat mitigation measures, especially greening, reflective roofs and district cooling systems, can offset the UHI effect to some extent.
Nanotechnology on the food industry: applications and challenges
Authors: Zhu Shiyang
Published: January 2025

Nanotechnology has gradually become a transformative factor in various fields, including the food industry, and has made new progress in areas such as food packaging, preservation and safety monitoring. But even if significant progress is made, the long-term impacts and potential risks to humans and markets need to be considered. This study focuses on the application of nanotechnology in the food industry and provides a detailed analysis of its role in extending shelf life, improving food safety, and developing smart packaging systems. For example, nanomaterials such as nanocomposites and nanocoatings have significant advantages in providing better barrier properties, real-time quality monitoring and enhanced mechanical strength to packaging materials. Furthermore, nanosensors have shown great potential to improve food safety standards by increasing their sensitivity in detecting contaminants. Although these materials offer innovative solutions to safety and sustainability issues, challenges such as regulatory frameworks, consumer acceptance, and potential health risks associated with nanoparticles still require further research.
Affective Computing: Research Advances and Future Challenges
Authors: Shen Shiyi
Published: January 2025

Emotion, which is an unavoidable part of human beings, is getting hot in cognitive science these years. Affective computing, which is based on the research progress of human intelligence and emotion in psychological science, as a research field composed of many disciplines, has attracted much attention in recent years. There are many research directions and challenges to be solved. At the same time, it also has broad application prospects. As a result, it is particularly difficult for those eager to understand affective computing to get a simple but general understanding quickly. By collecting the research results mainly distributed in the past four years, this paper summarizes the overall research status in this field, including the development status of technology, practical application, and possible ethical issues. The goal of this paper is to provide a basic but comprehensive picture for researchers who are eager to get a preliminary understanding of this field.
Application of nanocomposite pressure sensors in health monitoring
Authors: Han Tiansong
Published: January 2025

Nanotechnology has become an essential tool in a wide range of fields due to its unique capabilities and innovative applications. Among these fields, human health has gained significant attention as maintaining and improving health is a top priority in modern society. To contribute to this goal, nanocomposites have been increasingly applied in the development of pressure sensors for health detection. These advanced materials, which combine nanoparticles with other functional materials, offer exceptional properties such as high sensitivity, flexibility, and durability, making them highly suitable for detecting subtle pressure changes in health monitoring applications. This article will provide a comprehensive overview of the role of nanocomposites in pressure sensor technology and their practical applications in health detection, such as monitoring vital signs, detecting early symptoms of diseases, and improving wearable medical devices. By exploring the unique properties of nanocomposites, including their mechanical, electrical, and biocompatible characteristics, the article highlights how these materials enhance the performance and reliability of pressure sensors. The research presented in this paper is expected to offer valuable insights into the potential of nanocomposite-based pressure sensors, further promoting their development and application in health monitoring. Additionally, this work contributes to the broader field of nanotechnology, advancing its use in innovative healthcare solutions and fostering the integration of cutting-edge science in improving human well-being.
Research Progress of Neuromorphic Chips
Authors: Fan Luwei
Published: January 2025

The increasing amount of data in the era of artificial intelligence imposes higher demands on the computational power of neural networks, and in order to fulfill this demand, there is a pressing need to overcome the limitations imposed by the von Neumann architecture's memory wall. Memristors, with their characteristics, are considered the optimal electronic devices for implementing neuromorphic computing. Therefore, in order to better utilize memristors for the design and research of neuromorphic chips, this paper summarizes and comparatively analyzes the memristor characteristics, the RRAM basic principles, memristor array research, crossbar array designs based on memristors, and the study of memristor-based neuromorphic computing chips through the review. The paper emphasizes the challenges that memristor-based neuromorphic computing chips still face in the future, such as non-linear resistance variation. In addition, potential future research directions for amnesia-based neuromorphic computing chips, including amnesia architecture, programming techniques, and instruction set development, are discussed and investigated
Based on AVL-CRUISE Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Simulation and FTP-72 Circle Power Consumption Factor Analysis
Authors: Zhao Shida
Published: January 2025

With the rapid advancement of technology and the growing scarcity of energy resources, finding effective ways to reduce power consumption has become increasingly crucial. Hybrid and electric vehicles play a vital role in this endeavor, warranting deeper exploration and focus. In this study, I utilized AVL-Cruise software, a powerful tool for simulation and data modeling, to conduct comprehensive simulations of hybrid and electric vehicle performance, with a specific focus on analyzing the FTP72 cycle.The simulation results are highly encouraging. The vehicle achieved a maximum speed of 164 km/h, an acceleration rate of 3 m/s, a 0 to 100 km/h acceleration time of 9 seconds, and a maximum climbing slope of approximately 74%. These figures not only demonstrate that hybrid and electric vehicles can meet performance expectations but also highlight their capability to deliver on key metrics. Furthermore, the total energy consumption was recorded at 4200 kJ, underscoring the efficiency of these vehicles.In addition to the simulation outcomes, I delved into various factors that influence vehicle performance, including vehicle mass, drag coefficient, and motor power.Using MATLAB, I conducted a detailed analysis of the relationships between these factors and energy consumption, incorporating residual analysis and deriving a mathematical equation to describe these interactions.Through this extensive data analysis and model fitting, we gain a deeper understanding of hybrid and electric vehicle dynamics. This research not only contributes to the field but also has the potential to drive further development, broadening the focus and scope of hybrid and electric vehicle technology
Overview of Wide-Frequency Measurement Technology for Electrical Parameters in Distribution Substations
Authors: Wang Moqian
Published: January 2025

The rapid development of modern transmission and distribution systems requires transformers with wide bandwidth and high accuracy to meet the measurement needs of new characteristics in distribution substations, including wide dynamic ranges in the time-frequency domain and multi-parameter measurements. This paper outlines the measurement principles and structural design of new wide-frequency voltage and current measurement technologies. Based on the current status and measurement demands of distribution substations, an analysis of the economic, safety, and reliability aspects of these technologies is conducted. The results of the analysis indicate that capacitive voltage transformers and current transformers based on Rogowski coils are the current suitable solutions for wide-frequency measurement in distribution substations. Finally, the paper provides a forward-looking perspective on the development prospects of wide-frequency electrical parameter sensing technologies in distribution substations
Seismic Resilience Evaluation and Improvement of Confined Masonry Structures Using Finite Element Analysis and the N2 Method
Authors: Niu Shuo
Published: January 2025

Confined masonry combines concrete columns and beams with brick walls to form a building structural system. Confined masonry offers good seismic performance, easy construction, and component reuse, making it popular in earthquake-prone areas. Meanwhile, The N2 method is a nonlinear static analysis technique designed to assess the performance and load-carrying capacity of building structures under seismic loads. By integrating elements of structural dynamic analysis with pushover analysis, it provides a simplified yet reliable tool for evaluating structural behavior. This method is particularly effective for seismic design and evaluating a building's ability to withstand earthquake forces. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the seismic resilience of the current confined masonry building by utilizing finite element software and pertinent regulations. The examination identifies design flaws and evaluates the seismic capacity of the structure using the N2 method. Furthermore, the study presents corrective measures, which are re-evaluated and contrasted against the finite element software and N2 method outcomes. The results demonstrate that the confined masonry building, improved according to the recommendations in this paper, ultimately meets the seismic requirements of relevant regulations and is deemed feasible through N2 analysis.
The Uses of Polymer in Biomedical Application
Authors: Fang Lue
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, polymers are rapidly growing in many different fields, as polymers are inexpensive and less dense than metal. Polymers can also be said to be a cheaper material and can form a lighter product compared to other materials. However, many people opposed the use of polymers. It is because most of the polymers are non-biodegradable, as there are no polar bonds within the polymers. The non-biodegradable polymers might lead to plastic waste and bring negative effects on the environment, which involve choking marine wildlife, damaging soil, and poisoning groundwater. Nevertheless, advancements in the technology enable the production of materials with specific attributes, including mechanical strength, regulated degradation duration and rate, as well as antibacterial and antimicrobial qualities. The polymers enable the formation of materials in an infinite variety of shapes due to meticulous design. This article examined diverse literature regarding the application of polymers in medicine. This research identifies numerous applications of polymers in medical fields, including tissue engineering and medical devices.
Adaptive Control in Bionic Quadruped Robots
Authors: Tang Ziyan
Published: January 2025

This review paper delves into recent advancements in adaptive control technologies for bionic quadruped robots, emphasizing their growing importance in the field of robotics. It highlights several key research contributions, including innovative approaches to gait planning, kinematic modeling, and the development of control systems aimed at enhancing stability and adaptability under varying load conditions. Notable works by Fu Zhang et al. and Mingying Li et al. showcase the application of the Denavit-Hartenberg method and adaptive fuzzy PID control, which significantly improve locomotion accuracy and efficiency. Additionally, studies by Sai Gu et al. and Bingchen Jin et al. focus on real-time identification of the Center of Mass and adaptability to different loads using cutting-edge algorithms. The review also discusses the emergence of efficient closed-loop controllers, such as those implemented in the SQuRo robot, which demonstrate robust performance in complex environments. Concluding the paper are insights into the future directions of adaptive control technologies, emphasizing their potential to enhance robotic performance across diverse terrains and scenarios, paving the way for more versatile applications in fields like search and rescue, agriculture, and environmental monitoring.
Application of Snake-Like Robot in Pipeline Inspection
Authors: Mai Junwei
Published: January 2025

Snake robots are widely used in pipeline inspection, mainly in the fields of energy and urban sewage treatment. Since pipelines are usually located in a small space, conventional manual inspection faces significant challenges and poses substantial safety risks. The snake robot has become an ideal tool for dealing with these complex environments with its flexible movement ability and high maneuverability. The robot can move flexibly in the pipeline through bionic design. In addition, the modular design can achieve different movement modes and can easily deal with bends, obstacles and narrow areas in the pipeline. When performing tasks, the snake robot can observe the situation inside the pipeline through a high-definition camera and feedback this information to the operator at the first time for timely maintenance. In complex pipelines, the snake robot not only needs a waterproof and corrosion-resistant body, but also needs to be equipped with a high-pressure water gun to dredge some blocked pipes. In addition to these devices, the snake robot is also equipped with a variety of sensors, such as ultrasonic sensors and infrared sensors, which can help the robot sense obstacles in real time, automatically plan paths to bypass these obstacles, and ensure the smooth progress of the inspection task.
THE ARCHITECT’S TRACE. THE CASE OF PRZYSZOWA
Authors:   Akademia Śląska, Wydział Architektury, Budownictwa i Sztuk Stosowanych, ul. Rolna 43, 40-555 Katowice,, Mizia Małgorzata
Published: January 2025

The architect’s trace is what is left over in the natural and urban environment following the interference of architects – it is a trace after planned activities. To what extent are they beneficial to the current reality? Using the village of Przyszowa as an example, with documented historical heritage and significant urban values in the form of monuments of architecture and arrangements, an analysis of urban image values was conducted so as, to compare the benefits and losses resulting from the implementation of standard improvements and modernizations. At a time of desperate attempt at the protection of the instantly shrinking natural environment, we turn our attention to rural areas as the last bastion of the still-free living space. The need to care for its shape, authenticity, and quality is felt there more than anywhere else. It is architects and urban designers who should above all be responsible for the current state of things.
METHODOLOGY MANAGEMENT OF AN IT TEAM IN THE FIELD OF INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATION
Authors: CHUKURNA OLENA , TARDASKINA TETІANA , SOLIDOR NATALIA , BAZYKA SERHII
Published: January 2025

"The article discusses aspects of the methodology for managing IT teams in the field of information
and communication technologies. It systematized approaches to managing IT teams. It analyzed the
features of applying the methodology for managing IT teams depending on the goals of the project.
The differences in management methodology in the IT field were characterized and the features of
the use of traditional, iterative, and process-oriented approaches were identified. A comparative
analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of traditional, iterative, and process-oriented IT team
management was carried out. The areas of application of each IT team management methodology
were defined.
The main aspects of the formation of approaches to the management of IT teams were studied,
which are part of the methodology of Waterfall, Agile, Scrum, KanBan, Lean, and DevOps. A
comparative analysis was made by functionality, application areas, advantages, and disadvantages
of digital IT project management methodology. The advantages of digital IT project management
methodologies, such as Waterfall, and Agile, include increased labor productivity, reduced IT product
time-to-market, improved IT product quality and functionality, and increased customer satisfaction.
A conclusion was made regarding the high level of compliance with the strategy of sustainable
development of the Agile, Lean, DevOps methodology"