bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bending of flexible round plates
Authors: Yuldashev Adash , Pirmatov Shamshod , Bekchanov Sherzod , Axralov Hamidullakhon
Published: June 2021

In this paper, schemes for constructing solutions to boundary value problems for static calculation of flexible circular plates with the nonlinear theory of Lyava and Volmyr are presented. From the equations of the equilibrium system of the plates, given in curvilinear coordinates, the system of equilibrium equations for flexible round plates is obtained. Substituting the expressions for the efforts and shearing forces and introducing dimensionless quantities, we obtain a system of quasilinear quantities in displacements.

To develop an automated system for static calculation of flexible round plates, we use central finite-difference schemes that approximate derivatives with second-order accuracy, we obtain a system of quasilinear algebraic equations. To test the constructed automatic system for static calculation, the difference equations are reduced to vector form. An implicit iterative process combined with the Gaussian elimination method is applied to the solution of the system of equations. When calculating iterative processes, it continues until the above conditions are met. After determining the required functions by the finite difference method, we calculate the calculated values. Using the obtained numerical results, we will construct their graphs.
Vibrations of a geometrically nonlinear viscoelastic shallow shell with concentrated masses
Authors: Vatin Nikolai , Abdikarimov Rustamkhan , Khodzhaev Dadakhan
Published: June 2021

Shell structures are widely used in various fields of technology and construction. Often, they play the role of a bearing surface with assemblies, overlays, and aggregates installed on them. At the same time, in solving various problems, such attached elements are considered as the elements concentrated at the points and rigidly connected. Vibrations of an orthotropic viscoelastic shallow shell with concentrated masses in a geometrically nonlinear setting are considered. The equation of motion for a shallow shell is derived based on the Kirchhoff-Love theory. The traditional Boltzmann-Volterra theory is used to describe the viscoelastic properties of a shallow shell. The effect of concentrated masses is taken into account using the Dirac delta function. Using the polynomial approximation of the deflections of the Bubnov-Galerkin method, the problem is reduced to solving a system of ordinary nonlinear integro-differential equations with variable coefficients. In the calculations, the three-parameter Koltunov-Rzhanitsyn kernel was used as a weakly singular relaxation kernel. A numerical method was used to solve the resulting system that eliminates the singularity in the relaxation kernel. The problem of nonlinear vibrations of an orthotropic viscoelastic shallow shell with concentrated masses is solved. The influence of concentrated masses and location, properties of the shell material, and other parameters on the amplitude-frequency response of the shallow shell vibrations is investigated.
Usage advanced technological methods for the recovery of cone crusher equipment
Authors: Kosimbetov Batirbay , Khankelov Tavbay
Published: June 2021

Cone crushers of various sizes and modifications are used widely for rock processing now.

The most widespread are crushers of the KDM and KMDT types. Depending on the types and modifications, crushers are used in various industries: crushing abrasive, extra strong rocks and building materials, in the production of cement and other materials in the construction industry; for crushing rocks in the mining industry.
Investigation and calculation of a composite arch construction
Authors: Volovitskaya Anastasiya , Salakhutdinov Marat , Kuznetsov Ivan
Published: June 2021

One way to increase efficiency in the field of construction is to develop and improve new progressive design forms that reduce the consumption of materials, the complexity of manufacturing and erection, and the cost. These include a variety of combined systems, including arched ones.

Frameless arch systems have not been widely developed in our country due to the lack of adaptedness of the design concept to Russian climatic conditions, while frame arch systems have a high consumption of materials.

It is proposed to improve arch systems by increasing the spatial rigidity of the entire building made of rolled metal due to the combined action of the load-bearing frame and enclosing structures made of corrugated sheets. Thus, it becomes possible to use frameless arches on large spans. The use of such structures opens up wide opportunities for creating coverings that are characterized by lightweight and high technical and economic features.
Improving the quality of installation of preinsulated pipelines of heat supply systems
Authors: Mukhametrakhimov Rustem , Galautdinov Albert , Panchenko Anastasia , Gorbunova Tatyana
Published: June 2021

One of the most important directions of Russia's economic and energy strategy is to increase the efficiency in the field of heat supply. One of the options for solving this issue is using preinsulated pipelines, such as steel pipes in polyurethane foam polyethylene insulation. The experience of their application indicates several disadvantages associated with defects in pipes in polyurethane foam insulation and installed pipelines. The studies carried out made it possible to identify the main defects and inconsistencies in the manufacture and installation of preinsulated pipelines and the reasons for their occurrence. Following this, the authors have developed a set of operations and control tools during the installation of pipes in polyurethane foam PE insulation, clarifying the requirements of the input, operational and acceptance types of control, which contribute to improving the quality of the finished product, which was the purpose of this work.
Deep deformations of the upper stream of a low-pressure reservoir
Authors: Bazarov Dilshod , Markova Irina , Umarov Sukhrob , Raimov Khumoyun , Kurbanov Azizali
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of the analysis of the deep deformations of the Amu Darya riverbed in the upper reaches of the low-pressure reservoir. The analysis of the combined transverse profiles of the riverbed in different sections of the upper reaches of the Takhiatash reservoir showed that the coastal zones are most intensively silted up. At the same time, the core zone with the highest flow rates is very weakly declared. The height of the silting layer along the length of the upper stream increases in the direction of the dam. The silting area extends upstream for a length 2-3 times longer than the length of the soundings section, which is 17.5 km. To ensure the normal operation of the hydraulic system, it is recommended that conditions should be created for a normal and stable approach of the flow to the hydraulic system, which should be ensured by maneuvering the shield holes. To do this, it is necessary to create conditions for the erosion of the left-bank spillway by increasing the water flow through the extreme left-bank discharge holes. Flushing of the upper left-bank section of the river should continue until the optimal width of the leading channel is reached, which provides the main flow of the stream in front of the structure. It is proved that the formation and development of sediment deposits on the right bank between sections 8-10 leads to a change in the flow correction and creates conditions for the formation of shoals in front of the regulator of the Kizketken channel, which can complicate the operation of the water intake zone. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the development of the right-bank channel, and the development of the channel should go from the main channel. As shown by monitoring operating mode Takhiatash waterworks, in the Takhiatash district waterworks intensive processes the channel formation, which has a strong influence on the operational mode of the dam, especially in the operation of the water intakes flushing of sediments, skip flood costs through the shields of the dam and the stability of structures.
Deformation processes in open drainages
Authors: Abduraimova Dilbar , Ibragimova Zaytuna , Otakhonov Makhsud , Khusanova Djamila
Published: June 2021

The quality and quantity of agricultural products depend on land reclamation. Collector-drainage systems are used to improve the reclamation state of irrigated areas. The article discusses the stability of slopes of open collector-drainage networks in the irrigated lands of the Hungry Steppe. Discussed problems create during construction and providing productivity of drainages system in irrigation fields. The causes of the deformation process are discussed. The deformation process occurring as a result of landslides of the banks of open collectors is estimated. Recommendations for determining the stability of the banks of an open collector are based on the definition of a model of circular cylindrical sliding surfaces. Used statistic law of mechanics in calculation work based on the model of the ground movement around a cylindrical surface. During calculations, the main attention is given to the weight force, hydrodynamic force, and bite force of the ground. Stability coefficient calculated according to keeping moment (М1) moving moment (М2). In determining the stability of the soil, the main factor of the coupling of the adhesion between the soil particles is substantiated. The suffusion process occurring as a result of moistening and salinization of the soil of the shores of an open reservoir is estimated and analyzed, decreasing of stagnation coefficient in a result of ground absorption process. Analyzing soil samples of various salinities under laboratory conditions, soil adhesion was evaluated. Based on the studies, recommendations are given for the restoration of the shores of open drainages. The given recommendations are based on increasing the drainage's resilience and preventing deformation processes from constructing the drainage in slopes.
Analytical substantiation of the parameters of the directional air-hydraulic hood
Authors: Jonkobilov Ulugmurad , Jonkobilov Sobir , Rajabov Ulugbek , Egamnazarov Toshburi , Xo’shiyev Shuhrat
Published: June 2021

The article is about to the calculation of the main technical parameters of the directional air-hydraulic hood. It is accepted as a mathematical model of wave equations of hyperbolic type as applied to pressure pipelines of pumping stations, and analytical solutions of wave equations for different values of the polytropic exponents are proposed. Water hammer poses a danger to the normal operation of the main equipment of stations, control and measuring equipment, control devices and pressure pipelines. To damp the intensity of water hammer in the pressure pipelines of pumping stations, we have accepted an effective design of an air-hydraulic cap. When establishing the strength indicators of pressure pipelines against hydraulic shock, it is necessary to make an accurate calculation of the main parameters of the proposed design of the air - hydraulic cap. The article presents the results of analytical and experimental studies of the accepted cap design. At the same time, an analytical method is proposed for calculating the basic dimensions of the cap. The results of the proposed calculation procedure are in good corresponding with the experimental data. This confirms the reliability of the proposed analytical calculation method.
Flow spreading behind a combined dam with a through part of tetrahedrons on foothill rivers
Authors: Bakiyev Masharif , Khalimbetov Azat , Matkarimov Otanazar
Published: June 2021

The areas of the foothill rivers are distinguished by large bottom slopes reaching 0.004, with increased kinetics of the flow of more than 0.15, and by gravel-pebble sediments of the river bed and flow. An analysis of the studies performed on the regulatory structures showed that the bulk of them was performed for the conditions of lowland rivers. In the article, a design of a combined dam with a through part of tetrahedrons is proposed. The experiments were conducted in a flume with a rigid bottom and with a variable slope of. The modeling was performed according to Froude in a self-similar area. Experimental studies revealed the presence of two flow spreading modes depending on the bottom slope: a “calm” mode at iД < iκр and a “critical” mode at iД > iκр These modes are mainly influenced by the degree of constraint and the Froude number. In the previous articles, a solution to the problem was provided for the case iД < iκр, which covers the foothill sections of rivers at a “calm” mode. At a further increase in the degree of flow constraint n > 0.3 and the Froude number Fr > 0.15, a “critical mode” is observed. Here, a solution to the problem for this case is given. The problem, in this case, differs from the previously considered one by non-uniform distribution of velocities in the weakly disturbed core, a significant reduction in the length of the vortex zone; the vertical compression of the flow continues to the end of the vortex zone. The versatility of the velocity distribution in the zones of weakly disturbed core and intense turbulent mixing is experimentally substantiated. With theoretical studies, using the basic equations of applied mechanics, a method for calculating the velocity field was developed, and the planned dimensions of the vortex zones were established. The comparison with experimental data showed satisfactory agreement.
The flow Confluence of river systems of the Pskem and Koksu river basins
Authors: Shaazizov Farrukh
Published: June 2021

In the Bostanlyk district of the Tashkent region, there are high-mountain breakthrough lakes located in the Pskem and Koksu rivers basin, which pose a particular danger to the downstream territories. The river system of the basins of the Pskem and Koksu rivers located in the Tashkent region is characterized by the presence of many nodes of a confluence of tributaries that form the hydrographic network of the basins of the high-mountain rivers under consideration. In the event of man-made and natural emergencies, a breakthrough wave can form on high-mountain outburst-hazardous lakes. The main purpose of these studies is to develop a method for the hydraulic calculation to determine the depths of flows in the confluence nodes. Based on the use of the law of conservation of momentum, a model and method for calculating the junction of open water streams have been developed. To determine the depth h2 in the main channel after the confluence point, we recommend using the well-known hydraulic methods for determining the depth of water in open channels. Determination of the depths h1 and h0 of the main flow and inflow, respectively, can be analytically obtained based on the obtained dependences (9) and (10).
Suspension concentration distribution in a stream constructed by spur No. 19 on the Amu Darya river
Authors: Yakubov Kuvonchbek , Khayitov Kholmurod , Abdurakhmonov Sarvar
Published: June 2021

The concentration of suspended solids is the main indicator of the flow transporting suspended sediments. Knowing its value, it becomes possible to predict channel processes on rivers, the timing of sedimentation tanks and reservoirs. Establishing patterns of the influence of structures on the redistribution of liquid and solid runoff is also a priority task. The main goal of this work is to establish the regularities of the distribution of the concentration of suspended matter in a stream constrained by a transverse spur. The problem is considered for the second time using materials from field studies conducted on spur No. 19 in 2020 on the left bank of the Amu Darya river. The methodology of field studies remained the same as for the first time on dam No. 30 in 2019. The positions of the sections and verticals during sampling to determine the concentration of suspended matter were assigned based on the hydraulic structure of the constrained flow. Considering the presence of homogeneous zones of a weakly perturbed core, intense turbulent mixing and reverse currents, as is customary in the theory of turbulent jets with an admixture propagating in a confined space. On verticals, samples were taken at two points 0.2H and 0.8H, and at shallow depths at a depth of 0.6H. Field observations established that in the zone of the slightly disturbed core of the distribution of the concentration of suspended matter along the depth, it has the shape of a “boot”; however, the length of the toe is much shorter than that of the dam 30 and is observed only in the sections P-P and O-O, and in the other sections there is a leveling in depth. On other sections, they are close to logarithmic. The maximum concentration of suspended matter was observed in the section of confinement O-O at point 0.8H 7.66 kg / m3, which in the section of confinement under the influence of a new spur occurs deep and lateral erosion of the channel. The distribution in plan in the zone of a weakly disturbed core is close to uniform. Here again, in the zone of intense turbulent mixing, it obeys the theoretical Schlichting-Abramovich dependence for the initial section. With the help of the results obtained, it is possible to predict the siltation of the inter-dam space and the boundaries of the new coastline in the future.
Experimentаl studies of determining the dischаrge coefficient of hydro gates
Authors: Fatxulloyev Alisher , Gafarova Aziza , Hamroqulov Jasurbek
Published: June 2021

Аrticle devoted to the determinаtion of wаter dischаrge, which wаter consumption is determined using hydrogаtes, which аre widely used for the mаnаgement аnd distribution of wаter resources in internаl irrigаtion networks. Reseаrch аnаlysis provided in а lаborаtory settings, аnd the mаin focus given for determining the dischаrge coefficient. Reseаrch in this аreа will mаke possible to determine wаter dischаrge аt the level of existing requirements. Experimentаl reseаrches hаve been devoted to the development of existing reseаrch in this аreа, аnd only in the first stаge gotten possibilities to determine the dischаrge coefficient on the stаte of free flow under the gаte. Experimentаl reseаrches conducted under different conditions hаve found thаt chаnge in the flow coefficient depending on the dimensionless hydrаulic pаrаmeters. The аchieved results cаn be used mаinly to determine wаter consumption аt the level of current requirements, аlong with the mаnаgement аnd distribution of wаter resources in the internаl irrigаtion network.
Reduce the intensity of siltation of bulk reservoirs for irrigation and hydropower purposes
Authors: Norkulov Bekhzod , Safarov Gayrat , Kosimov Jakhongir , Shodiev Bobur , Shomurodov Anvar , Nazarova Shohida
Published: June 2021

The results of field studies to study the siltation of a reservoir and the dynamics of their siltation are presented. The article presents designs that allow reducing the amount of sediment entering the reservoir bowl. The structure will contain spillways located perpendicular to the bed of the supply channel, elements of connecting structures, a sediment storage facility, and a lateral water outlet to the sediment storage facility. The reservoir sediment has a mark below the bottom of the supply channel and above the maximum water level in the reservoir and a wall of large pebbles that act as a filter for residual turbid water in the channel. In the basin of the deposit storage, a road is provided for trucks and equipment to carry out its seasonal cleaning.
Development and research of pole-changing winding for a close pole ratio
Authors: Rismukhamedov Daulet , Bobojanov Maxsud , Tuychiev Furkat , Shamsutdinov Khusniddin
Published: June 2021

The article presents a methodology for developing pole-switched windings with a pole pair ratio of 5/6 with 108 stator slots, the results of the analysis and ways to improve the electromagnetic properties, and also the areas of application of the obtained windings are determined.
The shutter-automatic machine throughput of the washing device of the water level automatic regulator
Authors: Kadirova Mukaddas-Gaukhar
Published: June 2021

To determine the throughput of the automatic gate of the flushing device, which is part of the hydraulic automatic water level controller with flexible working bodies, developed by the author together with Ya.V. Bochkarev, experimental studies were conducted. They were carried out by the method of physical modeling of the model and nature on an experimental installation, with the installation of two models of an automatic shutter: a) with a fixed angle of inclination of the pressure board, b) with an automatic shutter in the form of a container consisting of a rigid board under pressure in front of it and a rubberized fabric, as part of an automatic water level regulator. Based on the results of these studies, formulas and dependencies were obtained to determine the flow rates without taking into account and taking into account the lateral outflows and lateral compression coefficients and the water flows passing through the automatic gate.
Inflation of water to the soil in the fields of drop irrigation
Authors: Serikbaev Bakir , Butayarov Abdukodir , Gulamov Sardor , Dustnazarova Sanobar
Published: June 2021

The article presents theoretical and field experimental data on determining the rates of infiltration and filtration of irrigation water in the soil - grounds of the calculated layer in the cotton fields of the Dzharkurgan massif in the Surkhandarya region. Based on the established values of the rates of infiltration of irrigation water, the drip irrigation regime for cotton of the new Sultan variety has been determined, the parameters of the innovative drip irrigation technology have been determined.
Obtaining complex fertilizers based on low-grade phosphorites
Authors: Temirov Uktam , Doniyarov Nodir , Jurakulov Bakhrom , Usanbaev Najimuddin , Tagayev Ilkhom , Mamataliyev Abdurasul
Published: June 2021

In the study, the process preparation of phosphorus-humus fertilizers based on low-grade Central Kizilkum phosphorites activated using sulfuric acid in the ratio of 30-70% for decomposition of CaCO3 in the phosphorite followed by addition of activated sludge from municipal waster water was investigated.
Development of technology and equipment for improving the reclamation state of saline soils
Authors: Juraev Fazliddin , Rajabov Yarash , Farmonov Nozim , Jo'raev Azamat
Published: June 2021

This article develops techniques and technologies for improving the reclamation of lands. It is based on the parameters of the working bodies of the chisel softener for softening the birch and gypsum layer and the parameters of the device that creates hole drainage before the autumn saline wash in saline soils and their application technologies. Due to the use of devices, porous drainage is created compared to the traditional method, and the duration of saline washing is reduced by 15 days when plowing and saline washing. The annual economic efficiency of the chisel softener is 11645758.8 soums. The annual economic efficiency due to the use of the unit for the creation of perforated drainage amounted to 12678675.5 soums.
Substantiating parameters brake system of the tractor trailer
Authors: Shermukhamedov Abdulaziz , Ergashev Nurillo , Azizov Abdukhamid
Published: June 2021

The article discusses substantiating the parameters brake system of a tractor-trailer (TT). The section offers a comparative analysis of theoretical and experimental studies of the TT brake drive and the parameters of its elements. Based on that, ordinary differential equations were solved by the Runge - Kutta method, the first-order accuracy (Euler's method). To solve partial differential equations, we used a modified Lax - Wendroff scheme. The results were obtained using the methods described above are theoretically very consistent with the triggering time ts = 0.47 s and the experimental value 0.46 s. Thus, the studying dynamic circuits of the pneumatic drive of TT brakes showed a high converging theoretical characteristic for a typical control line of a drive with an accelerating valve with experimental data, and the error was no more than 5%.
Development of an algorithm for optimization of continuous technological process of cultivation of microorganisms
Authors: Rakhmanov Sherkul , Gaziyeva Rano , Abdullaeva Dilbaroy , Azizova Nigora
Published: June 2021

When implementing the tasks of controlling technological processes, finding the optimal control actions, and creating control algorithms that implement the optimal modes of technological processes, it is necessary to present the criterion of optimality in the form of a goal function, the extremum of which best meets the purpose of this object and expressed as - Relevant technical and economic indicators. The criterion of optimality should be an integral indicator that reflects the main aspects of production. Profit is most often taken as such a criterion for typical microbiological industries - as the most generalized indicator, reflecting almost all aspects of the enterprise. Possible criteria of optimality are analyzed in the form of technical and economic indicators of the process of cultivation of microorganisms, the extremum of which best meets the objectives of production and reflects the main aspects of the functioning of the control object. The analysis of possible modes of microalgae cultivation has been carried out. Two optimization algorithms are substantiated. The first one is based on random search method with an absolute bias, an algorithm for optimizing the process of cultivating microorganisms with continuous regeneration of the flow in one cultivator. The second is an algorithm for determining the optimal residence time of chlorella particles in multistage cultivators, focused on the method of dynamic programming implemented in Wellman's recurrence relation. The developed algorithm for operational forecasting and automatic control of the chlorella cultivation process allows, under given production conditions and the composition of nutrients, to increase the productivity of technological equipment and improve the quality of the target product, as well as to prevent in advance various unforeseen and emergency production situations.
Traction resistance of the combined machine plough
Authors: Chuyanov Dustmurod , Shodmonov Golib , Ismailov Ibrat , Ergashov Gayrat , Sadikov Akramjon
Published: June 2021

Subsoils are widely used on tillage and combination machines. The tiller of the combined machine for preparing the soil for sowing melons and gourds carries out strip loosening of the subsoil layers. The study aims to theoretically determine the traction resistance of a soil deepener of a combined machine for preparing the soil for sowing melons and gourds. The study uses the basic provisions of mathematics, theoretical mechanics, and agricultural mechanics. In studies, it is assumed that the destruction of the soil under the influence of the drill bit occurs by separation. The total traction resistance of the subsoiler was determined as the sum of the resistance of the rack and the bit. An analytical expression has been obtained to determine the traction resistance of a tilting machine with an inclined stand, depending on its design, technological parameters, and the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. As a result of theoretical studies, it was found that the traction resistance of the soil deepener is mainly influenced by its design parameters, the depth of soil cultivation, the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, and the speed of the machine.
Sprayer for chemical treatment of vineyards and orchards
Authors: Xalilov Muxtor , Yusupov Rustam
Published: June 2021

The authors have developed an improved sprayer for two-way chemical treatment of vineyards and orchards. The research aims to justify the design scheme and parameters of the sprayer. The proposed sprayer is equipped with a centrifugal fan, which directs air flow from the inlet window to two opposite sides. The distributor is designed as a truncated cone with an inlet nozzle on its small base and outlet nozzles equally spaced on its large base and connected to sprayers by flexible hoses of equal length. It is established that the diameter of the centrifugal fan wheel 630 mm, number of fan wheel rotations 1500 r/min, diameters of large and small distributor base as a truncated cone 90 mm and 18 mm respectively, the diameter of each nozzle set on its large base 3 mm, cone height 100 mm, number of atomizers 20 pieces and working liquid pressure in the system 0.40-0.45 MPa is provided a uniform distribution of working liquid.
Seeder of exact seeding of seeds of cotton on the crest with drip irrigation
Authors: Berdimuratov Parakhat , Shaymardanov Bakhtiyar , Ruziyev Dilshod , Khujakulov Abdulaziz , Gorlova Irina , Usarov Ohunjon
Published: June 2021

The research aims to develop a seed drill for precise seeding on a ridge with drip irrigation. The basic principles and methods of classical mechanics, mathematical analysis, and statistics were used in this study. The existing technologies of sowing cotton seeds are analyzed. The authors have developed a method of seeding the cotton on the crest with drip irrigation and drill for its implementation, including the working body for fertilizer, shaper gasket comb attached to him Coulter, sigortac for seeding, packer roller, device for laying irrigation hose, and sigortac for sealing hose soil. Combining the operations of sowing cotton seeds with the simultaneous formation of ridges, fertilizing, and drip irrigation helps to reduce labor costs and increase the yield of raw cotton. This reduces the consumption of irrigation water, simplifies the design of the irrigation hose, and increases its service life
Thermal regime for convective drying products
Authors: Imomov Shavkat , Nuriddinov Khurram , Nuriddinov Otabek
Published: June 2021

In the work, the specified features of the temperature regime in the drying chamber showed that when the coolant moves in the chamber, both the temperature and humidity regime of the air and the temperature and drying rate of the product change, and the drying rate is almost proportional to the increase in air humidity. Based on the studies carried out, simplifications were obtained in describing the drying process, which makes it possible to more reasonably carry out engineering calculations in the design of the dryer, in particular, to set the input and output air humidity, to determine the length (or height) of the drying chamber.
Use of large irrigation pumping stations for highly manual daily regulation of capacities in the energy system of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Urishev Boboraim , Mukhammadiev Muradilla , uulu Abdurauf Abduaziz , Murodov Hojiakbar
Published: June 2021

Information about the problems arising from the uneven production and consumption of energy in power systems, including in the power system of the Republic of Uzbekistan, is given on the example of a daily electrical load schedule. It is noted that to successfully solve these problems, energy is accumulated in the hours of minimum consumption so that it can be used in peak hours with high consumption, and for this purpose, pumped storage power plants are used. A diagram of hydraulic energy storage is given at large pumping stations used to accumulate water in the upper reservoir in hours of minimum loads, and the accumulated volume of water is directed to generate energy, which can be used by pumping stations to supply additional water to its consumers, replenishing its losses in hours of hydraulic energy storage. The method of selection and optimization of the main parameters of this complex, based on minimizing fuel consumption in power plants while limiting the amount of accumulated energy based on the capabilities of water and energy resources of pumping stations, is presented. The calculations using the example of the Syrdarya thermal power plant show that with the integration of five nearby pumping stations into the process of energy storage and generation, significant cost savings are achieved, and the daily load schedule is significantly leveled.
Experimental dehydration of wet fibrous materials
Authors: Bahadirov Gayrat , Sultanov Takhirjon , Tsoy Gerosim , Nabiev Ayder
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of experimental studies to substantiate the performance of the method of simultaneous extracting excess moisture from wet leather semi-finished products. In the experiment, the influence of the feeding speed, the pressing force of the squeezing rollers on the amount of moisture removed from two layers of the leather semi-finished product after their squeezing was determined. The experiment was conducted using a moisture-removing material - a BM brand monchon, laid on a guide bar, on which two layers of the wet leather semi-finished product were previously folded. A monchon of the LASCH brand is folded between the layers of a semi-finished leather product. Due to the flexibility of the monchon, the displacement of semi-finished leather products movement path along the conveying device is reduced.
Physical-mechanical and technological properties of eroded soils
Authors: Mamatov Farmon , Umurzakov Uktam , Mirzaev Bakhadir , Rashidov Nurbek , Eshchanova Guzal , Avazov Ikrom
Published: June 2021

The research aims to study and analyze the physical-mechanical and technological properties of eroded soils in Uzbekistan. The data on the susceptibility of water erosion to sloping lands is presented. The average monthly indicators of precipitation over the last ten years in Uzbekistan are analyzed. The results of determining the moisture, density, and hardness of the soil of slopes are presented. It has been established that with the traditional technology of tillage on moisture, density, and other technical properties of soil of slopes, water erosion and slope of fields have a significant effect. The physical-mechanical and technological properties of soil of the arable and subsurface layers of the soil of the top, the middle and lower part of the slope in spring and after grain harvesting differs significantly: in the spring period, the moisture of soil layers 0-10; 10-20; 30-40; 40-50 and 50-60 cm of the lower part of the slope is more moisture content of these layers of the top respectively, 1.16; 1.24; 1.1; 1.4; 1.54 and 2.15 times. Approximately such a picture of moisture is preserved after grain harvesting as well.
Mathematical modelling of vertical and longitudinal-angular vibrations in the composition of the rigidity and damping of the hierarchical parts of the tractor taking into account road impact
Authors: Matmurodov Farkhod , Ermatova Dilafruz
Published: June 2021

The article contains generalized systems of equations describing the vertical and longitudinal-angular vibrations of the main parts of the tractor with the mathematical model of the hierarchical vertical linear oscillation of the tractor, the irregularities of the roads, taking into account the rigidity and damping. It includes systems: equations describing the vertical vibrations of the skeleton over the propellers of a tractor on an uneven road; equations describing the vertical vibrations of the cab of the rear of the tractor, taking into account the walking of the tractor on uneven roads. Equation systems have also been compiled that describe the vertical oscillations of the uppermost hierarchical link - the seat of the tractor operator, taking into account the walking of the tractor on an uneven road. The use of this original mathematical model will make it possible to find random unwanted oscillations of the new designed machine design. It will help to optimize their geometric and dynamic parameters.
Influence of irrigation of winter wheat by subirrigation method on the reclamation regime of lands
Authors: Khojiyev Aliakbar , Avliyakulov Mirzoolim , Khojiyeva Shakhnoza
Published: June 2021

Due to the rapid growth of the world's population and intensive economic development, the demand for natural resources, including water and land, is growing day by day. According to the UN, around the world, wheat is grown on an area of 217.71 million hectares, and at the same time, 6.4-7.8% of the total area is using the subirrigation method. The article presents the results of experiments on the widespread use of groundwater for irrigation of lands with a low level of groundwater and salinity of 1-3 g/l in the conditions of meadow gray soils of the Syrdarya region.
Development of binding based on b-n-ti-al system compounds for creating a composite instrumental material for a final raining of railway parts
Authors: Fayzibaev Sherzod , Ignotenko Oleg , Urazbaev Talgat
Published: June 2021

Studying methods for producing new composite materials based on compounds of the B-N-Al-Ti system using high pressure (up to 5 GPa) and temperatures (up to 1800 K), studying their physical characteristics to create tool materials based on them. Studying the prospects for the further development of research and the practical use of the results.
Wheat ripening dynamics in Uzbekistan for harvesting it in earlier periods
Authors: Astanakulov Komil
Published: June 2021

At present, the results of research of the ripeness dynamics of cereal for harvesting it in the earlier periods in the condition of Uzbekistan. During the researches, quality indicators were studied of wheat sorts of middle and late ripening “Krasnodar-99” and “Kroshka” as well early ripening “Chillaki” in wax (biological) ripening and technical (complete) ripening periods and the grain that was harvested in early periods. It was known that the grain of wheat becomes empty by results of experiments if it is harvested 16 earlier than complete ripeness. When it is harvested 12 days earlier, the grain ripens more completely than the previous. However, its fullness does not become at enough level. If the cereal is harvested 8 days earlier than complete ripeness, namely when it is harvested in the wax ripeness period, the fullness of the grain does not become less than the fullness of the grain that is harvested after complete ripeness.
A mathematical model of the technology of extraction of copper from industrial slags
Authors: Karimov Kamolkhon , Turakhodjaev Nodir , Akhmedov Azamat , Tashbulatov Sherzod
Published: June 2021

The article substantiates the relevance and necessity of developing mathematical models in foundry production, as well as the problems and prospects of their use. Based on an analytical review of the world literature on foundry production, it was emphasized that in many studies of the authors and literary sources, not enough attention is paid to the development of mathematical models of the technological process of extracting non-ferrous metals from slag and industrial waste. A brief description of the developed technologies for the high-temperature treatment of industrial slags and waste, separation treatment in electric furnaces, and metals extracted from liquid slag is given. During the development and analytical implementation of the mathematical model, the developed technology for extracting copper from slags is presented as an research object. Based on the study of the dynamics of changes in the thermophysical properties of the components as a function of temperature, a mathematical model of high-temperature treatment of slags is compiled. This will allow you to predict the process of processing slags and the results obtained. Also, a mathematical model of the extraction of copper from the slag is compiled, taking into account the chemical properties of metal inclusions in the slag. This serves as the basis for automating the process of extracting copper from slags and waste products.
Utilization process research of the soap industry acid waste water with high carbonate phosphorite of central Kyzylkum
Authors: Shamuratov Sanzharbek , Baltaev Umid , Alimov Umarbek , Shafoat Namazov , Kurambaev Sherzod , Ibadullaev Bazar
Published: June 2021

In the study, the process neutralization acid waster water from soapstock processing by high calcareous phosphorite of Central Kyzylkum at temperature 60 ºC by drainless technology was investigated. As a result, digested forms of P2O5 by citric acid and Trilon B in final products were ranged 30.28-50.43 and 25.58-39.93%, respectively. Those types of products can be used under autumn chill.
Smart system for water level and flow measurement and control in open canals
Authors: Baratov Rustam , Chulliyev Yakub , Ruziyev Sodiq
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, water and energy resources are becoming scarcer due to the inefficient use of these vital resources in agricultural irrigation worldwide. The unique solution to this problem is the application of smart technology in water distribution systems. But the most pivot weir installations in water distribution systems have not access to power and have a remote location from the power line. This problem requires developing a low-power smart system for water level and flow measurement and control in open canals. In this study, the authors attempt to detect the advantages and disadvantages of existing methods and hardware, the most important influencing factors of the system for energy efficiency, and develop a more energy-efficient and precise smart system for water flow and level measurement and controls in open canals. The question of the development of a low power smart system for water flow and level measurement and control in open canals in terms of energy efficiency is considered as well. Theoretical and experimental research results are submitted.
An Appropriate Wind Model for The Reliability Assessment of Incorporated Wind Power in Power Generation System
Authors: Kurbanov Abror , Khasanov Mansur , Suyarov Anvar , Jalilov Urinboy , Narimonov Bakhodir , Boliev Alisher
Published: June 2021

The use of renewable energy sources (RES) by many power grids companies around the world has increased significantly in recent years. The trend towards the use of RES is mainly due to ecological problems and rising fuel prices related to conventional power generation. Wind power is an approved source for power generation among renewable sources that makes a positive contribution to the global, social and economic environment. Today, wind turbine generator (WTG) is a mature, abundant, and eco-friendly power generation technology, and much of the electricity demand is supplied by wind. However, the uncertain nature of wind speed poses a variety of challenges for the planning and operation of power systems. One of the problems in increasing wind power can be seen in terms of assessment of power system reliability. This paper presents a reliability assessment model of power generation systems (PGS), including WTG, by using an analytical method. The presented model in this paper applied to the Roy Billinton Test System (RBTS). The methodology and results presented in this paper are intended to provide useful information to planners or developers seeking to assess the reliability of PGSs, including WTG.
Atom Search Optimization Algorithm for Allocating Distributed Generators in Radial Distribution Systems
Authors: Khonturaev Ikrom , Khasanov Mansur , Anarbaev Muhiddin , Kurbanov Abror , Suyarov Anvar , Jalilov Urinboy
Published: June 2021

In recent years the use of renewable energy sources (RES) by many power grid companies worldwide has increased significantly. The trend towards RES use is mainly due to environmental issues and rising fuel prices associated with conventional electricity generation. This paper introduces a hybrid approach to find the optimal location and size of distributed generations (DG) in the radial distribution system (RDS). The proposed approach is based on the atom search optimization (ASO) technique to calculate the optimal allocation of DGs and power loss sensitivity (PLS) index to obtain the best buses for DGs installation in RDS. The presented approach is applied to IEEE 33-bus RDS to increase voltage profile and minimize the power losses. The results obtained prove that the developed approach can be highly effective in integrating DG into RDS compared to many other methods in the literature.
Mathematical modeling of electric consumption of the gas cooling process
Authors: Ishnazarov Oybek , Hoshimov Ural
Published: June 2021

In the article, the possibility of determining the consumption of electrical energy by gas air cooling devices. Special attention is paid to the processing of experimental results. There are some assumptions in the mathematical model that do not affect the final result. The factors influencing the consumption of electric energy by gas air coolers are given. It is stated that the ambient temperature and gas pressure significantly affect the consumption of electrical energy. Thus, based on experimental data, a model of electrical energy consumption by gas air cooling devices of main compressor stations has been obtained.
Experimental study of crushing process of the crushed stone
Authors: Akobirova Lola , Gafurov Karim , Jumayev Jura , Kuldasheva Firuza , Xikmatov Doniyor
Published: June 2021

Currently, crushers operating in a central impact manner have become widely used, which has several advantages over roller, cone, and cheek crushers. The present work shows the device and principle of a laboratory centrifugal vertical impact crusher for studying the process of crushing local gravel to obtain crushed stone with dimensions of 5-20 mm. The main influencing factors for the process are the average size of the incoming raw materials, the rotation speed of the crusher rotor, and the distance between the accelerator and the annular platform. The output parameter is the concentration of crushed stone with a size of 5-20 mm in the output (%). A full factor experiment N=23 was conducted, a regression equation was obtained, the adequacy of this model was proved by methods of mathematical statistics. It is determined that an increase in the size of the input raw material reduces the percentage ratio of the crushed stone output with dimensions of 5-20 mm, and an increase in the rotation speed of the crusher rotor, on the contrary, contributes to an increase in the crushed stone output. Using this equation, you can determine the degree of influence of each factor under investigation on the final result, which is necessary to optimize the process.
Combustibility of lightweight foam concrete based on natural protein foaming agent
Authors: Rybakov Vladimir , Seliverstov Anatoly , Usanova Kseniia , Rayimova Iroda
Published: June 2021

There is an experimental study of samples of monolithic foam concrete “SOVBI” with a density of 205 kg /m3(grade D200) for combustibility. The evaluation criteria are the following values of combustion characteristics: temperature increment in the furnace, duration of the stable flame burning, sample mass loss. The experimental results show the following values for foam concrete: temperature increment in the furnace of 2 °C, duration of the stable flame burning of 0 s, and sample mass of 24.4%. Thus, monolithic foam concrete with a density of 205 kg/m3is noncombustible material. It is proposed to use monolithic foam concrete and other lightweight monolithic cellular foam concrete, as a structural fire protection for lightweight steel concrete structures. It, in turn, can increase the fire resistance of external walls and floor structure with the steel frame of cold-formed zinc-coated profiles.