bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A genome-wide association study with tissue transcriptomics identifies genetic drivers for classic bladder exstrophy
Authors: Mingardo Enrico , Beaman Glenda , Grote Philip , Nordenskjöld Agneta , Newman William , Woolf Adrian S. , Eckstein Markus , Hilger Alina C. , Dworschak Gabriel C. , Rösch Wolfgang , Ebert Anne-Karolin , Stein Raimund , Brusco Alfredo , Di Grazia Massimo , Tamer Ali , Torres Federico M. , Hernandez Jose L. , Erben Philipp , Maj Carlo , Olmos Jose M. , Riancho Jose A. , Valero Carmen , Hostettler Isabel C. , Houlden Henry , Werring David J. , Schumacher Johannes , Gehlen Jan , Giel Ann-Sophie , Buerfent Benedikt C. , Arkani Samara , Åkesson Elisabeth , Rotstein Emilia , Ludwig Michael , Holmdahl Gundela , Giorgio Elisa , Berettini Alfredo , Keene David , Cervellione Raimondo M. , Younsi Nina , Ortlieb Melissa , Oswald Josef , Haid Bernhard , Promm Martin , Neissner Claudia , Hirsch Karin , Stehr Maximilian , Schäfer Frank-Mattias , Schmiedeke Eberhard , Boemers Thomas M. , van Rooij Iris A. L. M. , Feitz Wouter F. J. , Marcelis Carlo L. M. , Lacher Martin , Nelson Jana , Ure Benno , Fortmann Caroline , Gale Daniel P. , Chan Melanie M. Y. , Ludwig Kerstin U. , Nöthen Markus M. , Heilmann Stefanie , Zwink Nadine , Jenetzky Ekkehart , Odermatt Benjamin , Knapp Michael , Reutter Heiko
Published: November 2022

Classic bladder exstrophy represents the most severe end of all human congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract and is associated with bladder cancer susceptibility. Previous genetic studies identified one locus to be involved in classic bladder exstrophy, but were limited to a restrict number of cohort. Here we show the largest classic bladder exstrophy genome-wide association analysis to date where we identify eight genome-wide significant loci, seven of which are novel. In these regions reside ten coding and four non-coding genes. Among the coding genes is EFNA1, strongly expressed in mouse embryonic genital tubercle, urethra, and primitive bladder. Re-sequence of EFNA1 in the investigated classic bladder exstrophy cohort of our study displays an enrichment of rare protein altering variants. We show that all coding genes are expressed and/or significantly regulated in both mouse and human embryonic developmental bladder stages. Furthermore, nine of the coding genes residing in the regions of genome-wide significance are differentially expressed in bladder cancers. Our data suggest genetic drivers for classic bladder exstrophy, as well as a possible role for these drivers to relevant bladder cancer susceptibility.
Conjugate Vaccines: Design and Development Considerations
Authors: Prasad A. Krishna
Published: November 2022

Conjugate vaccines have proven to be a tremendous success story since their introduction more than 30 years ago. Glycoconjugate vaccines have been demonstrated not only to be effective in preventing bacterial diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and also pneumococcal and meningococcal diseases, but also to have significant potential to curb antibiotic use to target antimicrobial resistance. By reducing the incidence of typhoid fever, the introduction of typhoid conjugate vaccine has been determined to reduce the use of antibiotics significantly. Vaccination of women during pregnancy (maternal immunization) has emerged recently as an effective prevention strategy to address infant morbidity and mortality. Although a significant majority of the success and impact of the conjugates can be attributed to glycoconjugates as commercially licensed prophylactic vaccines, small-molecule and peptide–protein conjugate vaccines also have a significant role to play in meeting the unmet need for many diseases primarily as therapeutic vaccines. The choice of the chemistry route to produce a conjugate vaccine is only the first minimal step towards the generation of an optimal conjugate construct. A ‘constellation’ of key attributes ultimately defines this optimal conjugate construct. The glycoconjugate vaccine constructs typically are a heterogeneous mixture of molecules and are rarely produced as single molecules. In other words, ‘process is the product’ essentially is the success quality mantra for glycoconjugate vaccines. Therefore, early development studies should consider several factors, such as stability, consistency of critical and key quality attributes and manufacturability during the design and development of conjugate vaccines.
Construction of metallo-triangles with cis-TPE motifs and fluorescence properties
Authors: Shi Junjuan , Li Meng , Su Haoyue , Bai Qixia , Han Ningxu , Hao Xin-Qi , Fang Fang , Zhang Zhe , Wang Pingshan , Ma Benhua , Wang Ming
Published: November 2022

Two metallo-triangles SA and SB with cis-TPE motifs were constructed and their fluorescence properties were explored. Compared with dilute solution, both triangles SA and SB exhibited significant AIE behavior in the aggregated states.
Nontrivial ultraslow dynamics under electric-field in nematics of bent-shaped molecules
Authors: Aya Satoshi , Tang Wentao , Kong Xian , Arakawa Yuki , Komatsu Kenta , Tsuji Hideto
Published: November 2022

Unexpected ‘transition’ from the Freedericksz transition to a nontrivial ultraslow dynamic process in nematic liquid crystal materials is achieved by varying the spacer length of bent-shaped dimers.
Probing the electronic structure and hydride occupancy in barium titanium oxyhydride through DFT-assisted solid-state NMR
Authors: Aleksis Rihards , Nedumkandathil Reji , Papawassiliou Wassilios , Carvalho José P. , Jaworski Aleksander , Häussermann Ulrich , Pell Andrew J.
Published: November 2022

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance coupled with quantum chemical calculations reveals that barium titanium oxyhydride has a bandstate electronic structure with single occupation of hydride sites and exhibits slow or no hydride ion dynamics with temperatures up to 420 K.
Cyanocobalamin promotes muscle development through the TGF-β signaling pathway
Authors: Li Ping , Zhao Yahao , Liu Yongze , Zhao Yuelei , Yan Yunqin , Li Shuang , Li Shufeng , Tong Huili
Published: November 2022

Cyanocobalamin promote C2C12 cell differentiation in vitro and accelerate the repair of muscle injury in vivo through the TGF-β signaling pathway, which may be an important functional substance for muscle regeneration and muscle diseases treatment.
Potential role of dietary nitrate in relation to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health, cognition, cognitive decline and dementia: a review
Authors: Rajendra Anjana , Bondonno Nicola P. , Rainey-Smith Stephanie R. , Gardener Samantha L. , Hodgson Jonathan M. , Bondonno Catherine P.
Published: November 2022

Evidence is accumulating for improved cardiovascular health with dietary nitrate intake. This review identifies and discusses the potential for nitrate to improve cognitive function and markers of brain health, and to reduce risk of dementia.
Mechanism investigation of fermented egg-milk peptides on colonic inflammatory diseases: based on in vivo and in silico research
Authors: Lyu Siwen , Yang Qi , Li Ting , Duan Xuehui , Liu Jingbo , Pan Fengguang , Yu Yiding , Zhang Ting
Published: November 2022

Mechanism investigation of fermented egg-milk peptides on colonic inflammatory diseases: based on in vivo and in silico research.
On the need for gate-to-gate environmental metrics in biocatalysis: fatty acid hydration catalyzed by oleate hydratases as a case study
Authors: Domínguez de María Pablo
Published: November 2022

Biocatalysis will play a central role in future chemical conversions, aiming at more sustainable strategies while maintaining efficiency and economics. Simple but meaningful environmental metrics are needed.
Water-reservoir properties dependent on packing modes of [Ni(ii)3L6] cages
Authors: Gwak Geonwoo , An Seonghyeon , Kim Dongwon , Di Serio Martino , Jung Ok-Sang
Published: November 2022

A Ni3L6 cage exists as a discrete species encapsulating two halide anions, but its packing mode determines its guest-accessible void volume. The void acts as a sustainable reservoir for reversible adsorption/desorption of water.
Removal of uranium from wastewater through Ni–Al-layered double hydroxide@carbon nanotubes functionalized by polyethyleneimine
Authors: Ji Debin , Liu Yao , Wang Xuepeng , Qiao Zhiqiang , Yang Jialiang , Bai Ziheng , Guan Shuxia , Li Zhandong , Wu Hongjun , Yan Yongde
Published: November 2022

The adsorption process of uranyl ions by carbon nanotube composites.
Potential roles of hyaluronic acid in in vivo CAR T cell reprogramming for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Laomeephol Chavee , Areecheewakul Sudartip , Tawinwung Supannikar , Suppipat Koramit , Chunhacha Preedakorn , Neves Nuno M. , Luckanagul Jittima Amie
Published: November 2022

Hyaluronic acid-based nanoparticles can be promising tools for gene delivery in in vivo reprogramming CAR T cells, as well-designed carriers are needed for targeting and transducing circulating T cells.
Theoretical study on the ferroelectric and light absorption properties of Li2SbBiO6 for harvesting visible light
Authors: Chen Xing-Yuan , Ling Shi-Wu , Xu Hua-Kai , Che You-Da , Chen Li-Fang , Xu Xiang-Fu , Tang Jia-Jun , Ye Jia-Hui , Ji Hong , Yan Dan-Lin
Published: November 2022

Li2SbBiO6 slightly improves the ferroelectric polarization of LiSbO3 and significantly reduces the band gap to expand its applications in photovoltaic and photocatalysis under visible light.
Flexible hybrid film of polypyrrole incorporated chitosan as a biomimetic multistep electrochemical sensor of working temperature: a potentiodynamic study
Authors: Shabeeba Aranhikundan , Sidheekha Madari Palliyalil , Rajan Lijin , Ismail Yahya A.
Published: November 2022

A flexible polypyrrole/hydrogel hybrid film composed of macromolecular electrochemical machines is considered as a model material of the intracellular matrix of ectothermic muscle cells capable of sensing ambient thermal energy.
Magnetic nanocomposites based on Zn,Al-LDH intercalated with citric and EDTA groups for the removal of U(vi) from environmental and wastewater: synergistic effect and adsorption mechanism study
Authors: Kobylinska Natalia , Puzyrnaya Liubov , Pshinko Galina
Published: November 2022

The efficient removal of U(vi) ions from contaminated waters was shown by novel magnetic nanocomposites based on magnetite and Zn,Al-layered double hydroxides intercalated with citric and EDTA groups (Fe3O4/Zn,Al-LDH/Cit and Fe3O4/Zn,Al-LDH/EDTA).
Synthesis, nonlinear optical analysis and DFT studies of D–π–D and A–π–A configured Schiff bases derived from bis-phenylenediamine
Authors: Farooq Rabia , Batool Zahra , Khalid Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Usman , Carmo Braga Ataualpa Albert , Ragab Ahmed H. , Al-Mhyawi Saedah R. , Muhammad Gulzar , Shafiq Zahid
Published: November 2022

Electronic and structural parameters of four synthesized (DMA, DMM, DAM, and DMD) and one designed (DMB-D) Schiff bases have been explored.
N-rich porous carbons with tunable affinity for CO2 adsorption achieve size-sieving CO2/N2 selectivity in turbostratic interlayers
Authors: Burrow James N. , Eichler J. Ehren , Wang Yu , Calabro David C. , Mullins C. Buddie
Published: November 2022

Carbons with varying porosity and N-content exhibit tunable thermodynamics of CO2 adsorption, stemming from synergy between confinement and surface chemistry. Further, size-sieving CO2/N2 adsorption selectivity occurs in sub-nanoscale interlayers.
Tailoring the structure and electrochemical performance of sodium titanate anodes by post-synthesis heating
Authors: Yin Wei , Barim Gözde , Peng Xinxing , Kedzie Elyse A. , Scott Mary C. , McCloskey Bryan D. , Doeff Marca M.
Published: November 2022

A simple post-synthesis heating approach tailors the crystal structure, surface chemistry, and electrochemical properties of sodium titanate anode.
Conjugated/nonconjugated alternating copolymers for enhanced NIR-II fluorescence imaging and NIR-II photothermal-ferrotherapy
Authors: Sun Pengfei , Yang Zelan , Qu Fan , Du Xinlong , Shen Qingming , Fan Quli
Published: November 2022

A new class of conjugated/nonconjugated alternating copolymers is reported by introducing nonconjugated linkers into a conjugated backbone. This newly developed CNACPs is prepared for NIR-II FI-guided NIR-II PTT/ferrotherapy synergistic therapy.
Construction of an antibacterial low-defect hybrid layer by facile PEI electrostatic assembly promotes dentin bonding
Authors: Lei Yuqing , Xu Jiajia , Pan Mengqi , Chen Yadong , Li Xiaojun , Zhu Weipu , Shu Chang , Fang Tianxiang , Liao Hongbing , Luo Qiaojie , Li Xiaodong
Published: November 2022

By using the highly-anionic demineralized dentin matrix as a template to electrostatically assemble polyethyleneimine (PEI), an antibacterial low-defect hybrid layer is successfully created.
Multifunctional theragnostic ultrasmall gold nanodot-encapsuled perfluorocarbon nanodroplets for laser-focused ultrasound sequence irradiation (LFSI)-based enhanced tumor ablation
Authors: Xu Menghan , Long Wei , Ling Xiang , Hu Xiongwei , Hong Hao , Peng Yayun , Cai Ting
Published: November 2022

Multifunctional ultrasmall Au nanodots-loaded perfluorocarbon nanodroplets (Au-PFCnDs) were prepared for enhanced tumor ablation therapy via a facile laser-focused ultrasound sequence irradiation (LFSI) method.
High-performance dual-mode self-calibrating optical thermometry for Er3+, Li+ co-doped oxides
Authors: Jiang Hongming , Jia Hong , Zhang Yuping , Zhang Xian , Feng Zhenyi , Yuan Yuquan , Chen Zhi , Hu Yanfei , Peng Feng , Liu Xiaofeng , Qiu Jianrong
Published: November 2022

A dual-mode self-calibrating temperature measurement strategy was proposed, by leveraging the temperature-dependent ratios of UC emission intensities from the thermally-coupled and non-thermally coupled energy levels of Er3+ ions.
Readability of Individuals With Disabilities Education Act Part B Procedural Safeguards Notices Written in Spanish
Authors: Quintero Stella , Zraick Richard I. , Rosa-Lugo Linda I. , La Scala Jennifer D.
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to analyze the readability of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part B procedural safeguard notices written in Spanish, as distributed by each of the 50 states in the United States and the District of Columbia. Results were compared with the 6th–8th grade document readability guideline recommended by experts in health communication.

Method:

A commercially available readability software program was used to assess document readability using three readability indices: the Gilliam–Peña–Mountain Graph, SOL, and the Fry Readability Adaptation for Spanish Evaluation.

Results:

All procedural safeguard notices were written at a reading grade level greater than established guidelines. This finding agrees with research that has examined the readability of English-language versions of IDEA Part B procedural safeguard notices.

Conclusions:

Literacy-related skills and demands may influence the ability of the parent to advocate on behalf of his or her child with a disability within the school setting. Educators and specialists should be sensitive to parent reading preferences and proficiency when reviewing IDEA procedural safeguards notices. Authors of procedural safeguard notices should account for the native language and culture of the intended reader as revisions to, and translations are made of, IDEA procedural safeguards notices.
Inner Speech and Executive Function in Children With Developmental Language Disorder: Implications for Assessment and Intervention
Authors: Baron Lauren S. , Arbel Yael
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Many children with developmental language disorder (DLD) also have difficulty with executive function. The presence of co-occurring deficits in language and executive function can obscure assessment results and lead to the implementation of ineffective interventions. It is also the case that inner speech, or the use of self-directed language to guide thought and action, often mediates performance on executive function tasks. The aims of this tutorial are to (a) summarize what is known about how inner speech affects executive function performance in typical populations and children with DLD and (b) highlight potential implications for clinical practice and directions for future research. We provide a brief background on inner speech, including theoretical frameworks, typical development, and measurement approaches. We then summarize research on inner speech and executive function involving typical adults and children, followed by a description of the few studies involving children with DLD.

Conclusions:

Work with typical adults and children has concluded that inner speech operates as a self-cueing device to support understanding of task rules, sequencing of task order, and maintenance of task goals. Work involving children with DLD suggests that their inner speech is less mature, less relevant, and less effective overall when completing executive function tasks. However, very few studies have examined the relations between inner speech and executive function in children with DLD. It is important for speech-language pathologists to understand the potential role of inner speech during executive function tasks, given how often these skills are utilized during everyday activities. Although more research is needed, speech-language pathologists are in a unique position to support both language and executive function goals for children with DLD.
Aggregation operators and CRITIC‐VIKOR method for confidence complex q‐rung orthopair normal fuzzy information and their applications
Authors: Mahmood Tahir , Ali Zeeshan , Naeem Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Supply chain management is an essential part of an organisation's sustainable programme. Understanding the concentration of natural environment, public, and economic influence and feasibility of your suppliers and purchasers is becoming progressively familiar as all industries are moving towards a massive sustainable potential. To handle such sort of developments in supply chain management the involvement of fuzzy settings and their generalisations is playing an important role. Keeping in mind this role, the aim of this study is to analyse the role and involvement of complex q‐rung orthopair normal fuzzy (CQRONF) information in supply chain management. The major impact of this theory is to analyse the notion of confidence CQRONF weighted averaging, confidence CQRONF ordered weighted averaging, confidence CQRONF hybrid averaging, confidence CQRONF weighted geometric, confidence CQRONF ordered weighted geometric, confidence CQRONF hybrid geometric operators and try to diagnose various properties and results. Furthermore, with the help of the CRITIC and VIKOR models, we diagnosed the novel theory of the CQRONF‐CRITIC‐VIKOR model to check the sensitivity analysis of the initiated method. Moreover, in the availability of diagnosed operators, we constructed a multi‐attribute decision‐making tool for finding a beneficial sustainable supplier to handle complex dilemmas. Finally, the initiated operator's efficiency is proved by comparative analysis.
A lightweight encryption and message authentication framework for wireless communication
Authors: Wang Shaoyu , Huang Kaizhi , Ma Keming , Xu Xiaoming , Hu Xiaoyan
Published: November 2022

Confidentiality and authentication are two important security properties of wireless communication. There are currently two types of research in wireless communication security: one is based on cryptography, which can be too complicated for some wireless systems; the other is based on physical layer characteristics, which has some security problems and cannot work as well as the cryptography‐based method. In this paper, a lightweight encryption and message authentication framework for wireless communication is proposed. The proposed framework has lower complexity than the cryptography‐based method and works more securely and efficiently than the classical physical layer method. For the encryption, a physical layer offered chain key (PHYLOCK) structure is proposed to generate one‐time keys, which are then XOR‐ed with the plaintext to generate the ciphertext. A security analysis of PHYLOCK is performed and it is proved that it has better security features than the traditional physical layer key generation. For the message authentication, three types of PHYLOCK‐CRC‐based message authentication schemes are developed whose generator polynomial is determined by one‐time keys generated by PHYLOCK. PHYLOCK‐CRC‐based message authentication detects not only random errors introduced by noises but also malicious attacks. The error‐detecting and anti‐attack capabilities are analyzed mathematically. Compared to the standard CRC, PHYLOCK‐CRC‐based message authentication has a decline in error correction capability but is enhanced with cryptographic security features. Monte‐Carlo simulations are provided to evaluate the proposed scheme.
High‐frequency k‐mer counting at low memory footprint
Authors: Mocheng Li , Yang Liu , Nong Xiao , Zhiguang Chen
Published: November 2022

Genomics data analysis requires efficient tools to address the vast amount of data generated by current next‐generation sequencing technologies. K‐mer counting works face difficulties in balancing high memory overhead with statistical precision. We designed a high‐frequency k‐mer statistical computation based on the Space Saving algorithm and a novel hash table structure, which reduces the memory overhead by 46% while ensuring high computational efficiency.
Research on error self‐correction complementary non‐zero vector pulse width modulation strategy
Authors: Shen Yongpeng , Wu Kexuan , Xiao Yanqiu , Liang Weihua , Wang Qian
Published: November 2022

The DC link single sensor phase current reconstruction method has brought several challenges, which consist of the unobservable area and current zero drift error, where the duration of the effective vector is too short to measure, and current zero drift error leads to reconstruction error. An error self‐correction complementary non‐zero vector pulse width modulation (ESC2N‐PWM) method is proposed. Through the analysis of the DC link sampling principle, the minimum sample time is defined. Then applying complementary non‐zero vectors to replace zero voltage vector, the current sampling window is extended, and the sector boundary unobservable area is eliminated. At the same time, through the dynamic double sampling of the complementary effective voltage vectors, the zero drift of current is self‐detected and self‐corrected. The experimental results show that the reconstruction error of the proposed method is lower than 2.84%, and the current THD is lower than 6.20%.
Research on photovoltaic energy storage micro‐grid systems based on improved sliding mode control
Authors: Fu Changxin , Zhang Lixin , Li Huaisheng
Published: November 2022

In islanded microgrid systems, PV power generation efficiency and energy loss of storage battery are the current research trends. Due to the intermittent and fluctuating characteristics of PV power generation, various loads connected to the DC microgrid system would also bring DC bus voltage low‐frequency fluctuations and other problems. In order to solve the above problems, an maximum power point tracking (MPPT) tracking strategy (sliding mode control based on squirrel search algorithm) is proposed in this study; meanwhile, a sliding mode control strategy based on an improved reaching law is designed. The components of the PV energy storage system and the control method are mainly focused on, and the PV energy storage system is optimized by improving the sliding mode control. The proposed control algorithm is verified and analyzed by MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform. Compared with the double integral sliding mode control algorithm MPPT tracking case, sliding mode control based on squirrel search algorithm shows excellent performance (short response time, good tracking maximum power point effect etc.). In addition, the sliding mode control based on the proposed reaching law reduces the system jitter, and effectively reduces jitter and vibration of the PV energy storage battery.
An MILP model for risk‐based placement of RCSs, DDGs, and tie lines in distribution systems with complex topologies
Authors: Zare‐Bahramabadi Majid , Farzin Hossein , Ehsan Mehdi
Published: November 2022

Remote‐controlled switches (RCSs) have the ability to quickly isolate the faulted area from other parts of distribution systems. On the other hand, the distributed generation resources (DGs) and tie lines can supply the interrupted loads after fault occurrence as a microgrid. In this regard, this paper proposes a planning model for simultaneous placement of RCSs, dispatchable DGs (DDGs), and tie lines in distribution systems with complex topologies to improve their reliability. Presence of renewable DGs (RDGs) including photovoltaic cells (PVs) and wind turbines (WTs), as well as the uncertainties of loads, RDGs, and outage duration of the faulted areas are also considered in the proposed planning model. Conditional value at risk (CVaR) is used to manage the system risk. The proposed planning model is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming model (MILP), which can be solved using various commercial solvers and give the global optimal solution. Finally, the proposed planning model is implemented on the IEEE 33 bus system as various cases to illustrate its effectiveness on improving the reliability of distribution systems and managing the system risk.
Fühler‐im‐Netz: A smart grid and power line communication data set
Authors: Balada Christoph , Ahmed Sheraz , Dengel Andreas , Bondorf Max , Hopfer Nikolai , Zdrallek Markus
Published: November 2022

The increasing complexity of low‐voltage networks poses a growing challenge for the reliable and fail‐safe operation of electricity grids. The reasons for this include an increasingly decentralised energy generation (photovoltaic systems, wind power etc.) and the emergence of new types of consumers (e‐mobility, domestic electricity storage etc.). At the same time, the low‐voltage grid is largely unmonitored and local power failures are sometimes hard to detect. To overcome this, power line communication (PLC) has emerged as a potential solution for reliable monitoring of the low‐voltage grid. In addition to establishing a communication infrastructure, PLC also offers the possibility of evaluating the cables themselves, as well as the connection quality between individual cable distributors based on their signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). The roll‐out of a large‐scale PLC infrastructure therefore not only ensures communication, but also introduces a tool for monitoring the entire network. To evaluate the potential of this data, we installed 38 PLC modems in three different areas of a German city with a population of about 150,000 as part of the Fühler‐im‐Netz (FiN) project. Over a period of 22 months, an SNR spectrum of each connection between adjacent PLC modems was generated every quarter of an hour. The availability of this real‐world PLC data opens up new possibilities to react to the increasingly complex challenges in future smart grids. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the data generation and describes how the data was collected during normal operation of the electricity grid. In addition, we present common anomalies, effects, and trends that could be observed in the PLC data at daily, weekly, or seasonal levels. Finally, we discuss potential use cases and the remote inspection of a cable section is highlighted as an example.
Commissioning of the hypertriton binding energy measurement at MAMI
Authors: Eckert Philipp , Achenbach Patrick , Akiyama Takeru , Chen Jinhui , Distler Michael O. , Esser Anselm , Geratz Julian , Helmel Christian , Hoek Michael , Itabashi Kosuke , Kaneta Masashi , Kino Ryoko , Klag Pascal , Ma Yu-Gang , Merkel Harald , Mizuno Masaya , Müller Ulrich , Nagao Sho , Nakamura Satoshi N. , Nakamura Yuki R. , Okuyama Kazuki , Pochodzalla Josef , Schlimme Björn Sören , Sfienti Concettina , Shao Tianhao , Steinen Marcell , Tachibana Koga , Thiel Michaela , Toyama Yuichi , Uehara Keita
Published: November 2022

A high-precision hypernuclear experiment has been commissioned at the Mainz Microtron (MAMI) to determine the hypertriton Λ binding energy via decay-pion spectroscopy. The method has been successfully pioneered with 4ΛH studies in the last decade. The experiment makes use of a novel high luminosity lithium target with a length of 45mm while being only 0.75mm thick to keep momentum smearing of the decay pions low. The target-to-beam alignment as well as the observation of the deposited heat is achieved with a newly developed thermal imaging system. Together with a precise beam energy determination via the undulator light interference method a recalibration of the magnetic spectrometers will be done to obtain a statistical and systematic error of about 20 keV. The experiment started in the summer of 2022 and initial optimization studies for luminosity and data quality are presented.
Effects on Wavefront Aberration after Short-term Wear of Senofilcon A Photochromic Contact Lens
Authors: Recep Ömer Faruk , Kocabas Dilara Ozkoyuncu , Kiziltoprak Hasan , Ozulken Kemal
Published: November 2022

Background To assess the variability in wavefront aberrations with short-term wear of photochromic senofilcon A contact lenses in both its activated and inactive states.

Methods and Material In this cross-sectional study, 20 participants who had previously used soft contact lenses were enrolled. Corneal aberrometry measurements were performed on each subject, without contact lenses, using Sirius Scheimpflug-Placido topography. The photochromic lenses were illuminated using a blue-violet light (λ
max = 420 nm) so as to provoke an activated state, and measurements were taken with the lenses inserted, in both states. The root mean square (RMS) of the aberrations was calculated, and the higher- and lower-order aberrations, astigmatism, coma, spherical aberration, and trefoil measurements were evaluated using a 5.0-mm pupil diameter.

Results The average contact lens sphere power was − 2.33 ± 1.07 D. The mean refractive errors with contact lens wear were 0.07 ± 0.18 D for the sphere and − 0.26 ± 0.15 D for the cylinder. The mean RMS values for all the corneal aberrations showed no statistically significant differences with and without contact lenses (p > 0.05). In a bivariate correlation analysis, there was a positive correlation between contact lens sphere power and coma (vertical and horizontal) in the activated state (r = 0.455, p = 0.44 and r = 0.495, p = 0.27, respectively).

Conclusion The photochromic contact lenses did not influence ocular aberration during short-term wear, even when the photochromatic additive was activated. This property may help to provide more comfortable vision with lens wear. This finding needs to be verified by further studies.
Do Sports-related Concussions Induce Subsequent Injuries in Elite
Male Football Players?
Authors: Beaudouin Florian , Tröss Tobias , Hadji Abed , Steendahl Ida Bo , Meyer Tim , Fünten Karen Aus der
Published: November 2022

To assess the players’ risk of a subsequent injury after sustaining
concussive injuries and their return-to-competition in German professional
men’s football. A prospective injury database in the 1st
Bundesliga was created encompassing 7 seasons
(2014/15–2020/21). Cox proportional hazard model
analyzed whether a concussive injury increased the risk of a subsequent injury
in the first year after the index injury. 6,651 injuries were reported
(n=182 concussive injuries). The incidence rate was 0.15 (95% CI
0.13–0.17) per 1000 football hours. A concussive injury was associated
with only a slightly numerical higher risk of 7% (HR=1.07,
95% CI 0.78–1.47) in the subsequent year after the injury
compared to a randomly selected non-concussive injury, but the effect was not
significant. The risk was higher after 6–12 months post-SRC reaching
70% (HR=1.70, 95% CI 1.15–2.52). For 0–3
months (HR=0.76, 95% CI 0.48–1.20) and 3–6
months (HR=0.97, 95% CI 0.62–1.50) the injury risk was
lower. The present data do not confirm previously published investigations about
an increased injury risk after SRC. Contrasting effects of lower hazard ratios
were found early after SRC, followed by an increase after 6–12 months.
Further research should look into compliance rates with regards to
return-to-competition protocols.
Predictive Factors Associated with Naloxone Prescription among Pregnant People Admitted for the Management of Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Gonzalez Alba M. , Arlandson Mary E. , Patel Ashlesha , Premkumar Ashish
Published: November 2022

Objective Our objective was to examine the biomedical and sociodemographic factors associated with the prescription of naloxone among pregnant people with opioid-use disorder (OUD) who were admitted for initiation of medications for OUD (i.e., buprenorphine-containing medications or methadone) following the implementation of a statewide initiative focused on reducing adverse perinatal health outcomes.

Study Design This is a single-site, retrospective cohort study of pregnant people admitted for the management of OUD at an urban, tertiary care center between 2013 and 2020. The primary outcome is evidence of a prescription of naloxone, ascertained from the electronic medical record. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression modeling was performed to evaluate biomedical and sociodemographic variables associated with a prescription for naloxone. Covariates for inclusion in the multivariate logistic regression model were selected based on a p < 0.05 on bivariate analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results One hundred and thirty-nine participants met the inclusion criteria. On bivariate analysis, people who received naloxone were more likely to be admitted after the initiation of a statewide initiative focused on reducing adverse perinatal outcomes associated with perinatal OUD. Those individuals reporting intravenous drug use (IVDU) were less likely to receive naloxone. On multivariate logistic regression, after controlling for IVDU and epoch of admission, both IVDU (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.70) and epoch of admission (aOR: 3.48, 95% CI: 1.28–9.50) were independently associated with receipt of prescription of take-home naloxone.

Conclusion Naloxone prescription was independently associated with the epoch of admission and route of drug administration. These data can be useful in the evaluation and development of clinical practices to increase rates of naloxone prescription in pregnant people with OUD admitted for inpatient management.

Key Points
Epidermal Inclusion Cyst Formation: Late Complication of Carpal Tunnel Release
Authors: Kamenko Srdjan , Richards Holden , Madsen Russell Jared , Chang Shiliang
Published: November 2022

Background Epidermal inclusion cysts (EIC) are epidermally lined, keratin containing cysts which occur when keratinizing epithelium becomes imbedded in deeper subcutaneous tissue, usually following penetrating trauma, or, rarely, surgery. We describe a case of an EIC presenting as a late complication following open carpal tunnel release (CTR).

Case Description A 64-year-old woman with a history of left open CTR 17 years prior presented to our institution with unprovoked left palmar pain, swelling, and fluctuance. Computed tomography imaging confirmed the presence of a multiloculated abscess involving the hypothenar musculature. The abscess developed at the site of a small, pre-existing, asymptomatic mass that the patient recalls developed within months of CTR surgery. She was initially treated with antibiotics and bedside incision and drainage, but required further operative exploration in the setting of persistent erythema and drainage. An inflamed cystic structure consistent with an infected EIC was identified and completely excised. Her wound healed by secondary intention. Her postoperative course was uncomplicated. Pathology confirmed a diagnosis of EIC.

Literature Review Only one other case report was found in which the patient presented within 2 years following CTR surgery with what was later confirmed to be an EIC and recurrent median nerve compression symptoms.

Clinical Relevance To prevent a delay in definitive surgical care, EIC rupture and subsequent infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis when evaluating patients with a history of prior hand surgery who are presenting with an unprovoked hand abscess, as incision and drainage alone will not adequately treat an EIC.
Abdominoperineal Approach to Uterovaginal Anastomosis in Cervical Dysgenesis: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Halder Ajay , Patel Shweta , Dubey Pankhuri
Published: November 2022

Genital outflow tract obstruction due to cervical agenesis is an uncommon Mullerian duct anomaly, increasingly being treated with conservative surgery by creation of an outflow tract by drilling or coring into the cervical remnant or by uterovaginal anastomosis. A 19-year-old woman with cervical dysgenesis in the present case underwent a successful uterovaginal anastomosis to relieve the obstructive menstrual symptoms and preserve the future reproductive function. The neouterovaginal canal was created over a mold of Foley's catheter by anastomosis anterior surface of the uterine corpus to the vaginal vault, bypassing the dysgenetic cervix and using the fibrous band of cervix as support. Normal cyclical menses were restored. Steps of the procedure are detailed in this case report.
Measles-Associated CNS Complications: A Review
Authors: Jain Reena , Aulakh Roosy
Published: November 2022

Measles virus infection is a common infectious disease of childhood, incidence of which is still high in developing countries. Other than the morbidity associated with the acute systemic infection, the measles virus can cause serious fatal neural complications. It can either enter the brain leading to acute encephalitis like primary measles encephalitis and acute post infectious measles encephalomyelitis or it may persist in brain cells (as mutated virus) leading to long-term neurodegenerative diseases like measles inclusion body encephalitis and subacute sclerosing pan encephalitis. The patho-clinical features, treatment, and the outcomes of these complications are different and should be identified in time for early diagnosis and management.
Simulated stomach breaks down importance of motility
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: November 2022

Computational model of the human stomach could help researchers better understand digestion, treat diseases, and design food.
An Eulerian crystal plasticity framework for modeling large anisotropic deformations in energetic materials under shocks
Authors: Sen Oishik , Duarte Camilo A. , Rai Nirmal Kumar , Koslowski Marisol , Udaykumar H. S.
Published: November 2022

This paper demonstrates a novel Eulerian computational framework for modeling anisotropic elastoplastic deformations of organic crystalline energetic materials (EM) under shocks. While Eulerian formulations are advantageous for handling large deformations, constitutive laws in such formulations have been limited to isotropic elastoplastic models, which may not fully capture the shock response of crystalline EM. The present Eulerian framework for high-strain rates, large deformation material dynamics of EM incorporates anisotropic isochoric elasticity via a hypo-elastic constitutive law and visco-plastic single-crystal models. The calculations are validated against atomistic calculations and experimental data and benchmarked against Lagrangian (finite element) crystal plasticity computations for shock-propagation in a monoclinic organic crystal, octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7 tetrazocine (β-HMX). The Cauchy stress components and the resolved shear stresses calculated using the present Eulerian approach are shown to be in good agreement with the Lagrangian computations for different crystal orientations. The Eulerian framework is then used for computations of shock-induced inert void collapse in β-HMX to study the effects of crystal orientations on hotspot formation under different loading intensities. The computations show that the hotspot temperature distributions and the collapse profiles are sensitive to the crystal orientations at lower impact velocities (viz., 500 m/s); when the impact velocity is increased to 1000 m/s, the collapse is predominantly hydrodynamic and the role of anisotropy is modest. The present methodology will be useful to simulate energy localization in shocked porous energetic material microstructures and other situations where large deformations of single and polycrystals govern the thermomechanical response.
Low-temperature heat capacity and magnetism in (U1−yLny)O2 and (U1−yAmy)O2 (y = 0.01 − 0.05) solid solutions: Effects of substitution and self-irradiation
Authors: Griveau Jean-Christophe , Vigier Jean-François , Popa Karin , Vălu Sorin-Octavian , Colineau Eric , Konings Rudy J. M.
Published: November 2022

The low-temperature heat capacity of lanthanide-doped (La, Nd) and americium-doped UO2 samples was measured by calorimetry. The results showed a strong effect on the antiferromagnetic Cp anomaly as a result of crystal lattice substitution, defects resulting from self-irradiation, and electron interaction. It was found that the substitution of trivalent ions (La3+, Nd3+, Am3+) leads to a split of the λ peak, for which we hypothesize that the clustering of the trivalent ions with the charge compensator pentavalent U5+ can play a role. The overall behavior is confirmed by magnetization measurements using SQUID. The observed differences between La3+, Nd3+, and Am3+ are attributed to the f–f exchange interaction. 241Am decay causes in addition self-irradiation effects (point defects), and reduces Néel temperature, peak intensity, and magnetic entropy as a function of decay (accumulated α dose). The observed effects are similar to 238Pu-doped UO2, the slight differences being attributed to a higher degree of disorder in the Am material.
Negative area-dependent nanoscale friction of annular graphene sheets
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Qu Jinfeng , Guo Zhongjun , Huang Longlong , Xie Qingxia
Published: November 2022

The influence mechanisms of the contact area on the sliding friction behavior are still not entirely clear, and determining the intrinsic correlation between friction and the contact area at the nanoscale remains a challenge. In this study, the area-dependent friction behavior is investigated based on the model of an annular graphene flake sliding on a supported graphene substrate via molecular dynamics simulations. The results demonstrate that the friction force decreases with the increasing flake area, i.e., the nanoscale friction is inversely correlated with the contact area. This contradicts the everyday experience, wherein an increase in the contact area leads to an increase in friction. The more pronounced edge effects and elastic deformation are considered the main reasons for the larger friction force of a smaller flake on the substrate. The study results are useful for comprehensively understanding the friction behavior of two-dimensional materials and extending their application fields.
Kinetic control of competing nuclei in a dimer lattice-gas model
Authors: Mandal Dipanjan , Quigley David
Published: November 2022

Nucleation is a key step in the synthesis of a new material from a solution. The well-established lattice-gas models can be used to gain insight into the basic physics of nucleation pathways involving a single nucleus type. In many situations, a solution is supersaturated with respect to more than one precipitating phase. This can generate a population of both stable and metastable nuclei on similar timescales and, hence, complex nucleation pathways involving a competition between the two. In this study, we introduce a lattice-gas model based on two types of interacting dimers representing the particles in a solution. Each type of dimer nucleates to a specific space-filling structure. Our model is tuned such that stable and metastable phases nucleate on a similar timescale. Either structure may nucleate first, with a probability sensitive to the relative rate at which a solute is replenished from their respective reservoirs. We calculate these nucleation rates via forward flux sampling and demonstrate how the resulting data can be used to infer the nucleation outcome and pathway. Possibilities include direct nucleation of the stable phase, domination of long-lived metastable crystallites, and pathways in which the stable phase nucleates only after multiple post-critical nuclei of the metastable phase have appeared.
Enhanced electro-actuation property of heterogeneous multi-layered polydimethylsiloxane-based dielectric elastomer composites
Authors: Miao Zhiying , Zhao Hang , Yin Lei , Zhang Na , Ding Xiaoyu , Wei Xiuping , Zhang Chuying , Bai Jinbo
Published: November 2022

Due to their feature of the conversion from electrical to mechanical energy under an applied electric field, dielectric elastomers (DEs) have been widely adopted in smart devices. However, the significant electro-actuated property of DEs is always obtained under a giant driving electric field, which raises a potential safety hazard and limits their practical application range. Moreover, the traditional strategy of regulating the flexibility of DEs via physical swelling effect would result in an undesired plasticizer leakage and an irreversible reduction in both electromechanical stability and lifetime. Herein, a typical heterogeneous multi-layered polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based DE composite was prepared by solution blending and the layer-by-layer casting method. Through synchronously introducing the high-permittivity BaTiO3 and the plasticizer dimethyl silicone oil in the middle layer, both the dielectric and mechanical property of the composite are effectively regulated. Not only the interlayered mechanical mismatch is eliminated but also the problem of plasticizer leakage is optimized through this reasonable structural design. The maximum electro-actuated strain obtained in the sandwiched DE composite was as large as 24.25% under 60 V/μm, which is 338.52% higher than that of pristine PDMS. Furthermore, the composite exhibits the largest driving strain (58.31%) near its breakdown electric field of 77.82 V/μm. Therefore, this study provides a promising route for the preparation of advanced DE composite with an improved low-field electro-actuated property.
Thermal expansion of plasma-exposed tungsten
Authors: Weerasinghe Asanka , Wirth Brian D. , Maroudas Dimitrios
Published: November 2022

We report results from a systematic analysis of thermal expansion of plasma-exposed tungsten based on molecular-dynamics simulations using models of tungsten with distributions of helium (He) bubbles in the tungsten matrix. We distinguish between two approaches of filling the bubbles with He, where the amount of He in the bubble can or cannot vary with temperature. In the former case, the thermal expansion coefficient decreases monotonically with the porosity and He content of the tungsten matrix, while in the latter case, the thermal expansivity increases monotonically with increasing porosity and He content. The latter condition, where the He content in the bubble is determined at the implantation temperature and remains constant with varying temperature in the tungsten matrix, is consistent with He species transport in tungsten used as a plasma-facing component (PFC) in nuclear fusion reactors and implies the development of biaxial compressive thermal strains in the PFC material that contribute to accelerating the growth of a nanostructure on PFC tungsten surfaces. Our analysis advances the fundamental understanding of thermal expansion in PFC tungsten and contributes to the development of a thermophysical property database for properly incorporating effects of realistic heat loads into modeling the dynamical response of PFC tungsten under fusion reactor operating conditions.