bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermogravimetry-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of the Pyrolysis of Willow Leaves, Stems, and Branches
Authors: Liu Zhen , Qi Na , Luan Yaning , Sun Xiangyang
Published: November 2015

The pyrolysis of willow samples from various plant positions was analysed using thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR). The results indicate that pyrolysis can be divided into four stages. The first stage from 30 to 120°C involves free evaporation of moisture, with a mass loss of 5%. The second stage from 120 to 200°C involves the pyrolysis of hemicellulose and unstable cellulose, with a mass loss of 4%. The third stage is from 200 to 400°C, with a weight loss of 60%, in which the chemical components of wood thermally decompose and emit heat, carbon dioxide, and so on. In the final stage, which occurs above 400°C, the pyrolysis of lignin and charring of cellulose occur, with a mass loss of 10%. Moreover, in FTIR, the samples exhibit the highest absorbance during the main pyrolysis phase, from which wood vinegar ingredients mainly arise, including CO2, H2O, CO, and small amounts of hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, acids, esters, and aromatic compounds. Additionally, leaves are decomposed more thoroughly before the main pyrolysis phase, whereas decomposition of branches occurs fullest during this phase. Finally, we put forward some suggestions to support further research on conversion of willow into wood vinegar products.
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Electrolysis and Eccentric Exercises for Subacromial Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Arias-Buría José L. , Truyols-Domínguez Sebastián , Valero-Alcaide Raquel , Salom-Moreno Jaime , Atín-Arratibel María A. , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César
Published: November 2015

Objective. To compare effects of ultrasound- (US-) guided percutaneous electrolysis combined with an eccentric exercise program of the rotator cuff muscles in subacromial pain syndrome.Methods. Thirty-six patients were randomized and assigned into US-guided percutaneous electrolysis (n=17) group or exercise (n=19) group. Patients were asked to perform an eccentric exercise program of the rotator cuff muscles twice every day for 4 weeks. Participants assigned to US-guided percutaneous electrolysis group also received the application of galvanic current through acupuncture needle on each session once a week (total 4 sessions). Shoulder pain (NPRS) and disability (DASH) were assessed at baseline, after 2 sessions, and 1 week after the last session.Results. The ANOVA revealed significant Group∗Time interactions for shoulder pain and disability (all,P<0.01): individuals receiving US-guided percutaneous electrolysis combined with the eccentric exercises experienced greater improvement than those receiving eccentric exercise alone.Conclusions. US-guided percutaneous electrolysis combined with eccentric exercises resulted in small better outcomes at short term compared to when only eccentric exercises were applied in subacromial pain syndrome. The effect was statistically and clinically significant for shoulder pain but below minimal clinical difference for function. Future studies should investigate the long-term effects and potential placebo effect of this intervention.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating a Low-Volume PEG Solution Plus Ascorbic Acid versus Standard PEG Solution in Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy
Authors: Tajika Masahiro , Tanaka Tsutomu , Ishihara Makoto , Mizuno Nobumasa , Hara Kazuo , Hijioka Susumu , Imaoka Hiroshi , Sato Takamitsu , Yogi Tatsuji , Tsutsumi Hideharu , Fujiyoshi Toshihisa , Hieda Nobuhiro , Okuno Nozomi , Yoshida Tsukasa , Bhatia Vikram , Yatabe Yasushi , Yamao Kenji , Niwa Yasumasa
Published: November 2015

Evaluation of polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution containing ascorbic acid (PEG-ASC) has been controversial in the point of its hyperosmolarity, especially in old population. So we therefore designed the present study to compare the efficacy, acceptability, tolerability, and safety of 1.5 L PEG+ASC and 2 L standard PEG electrolyte solution (PEG-ELS), not only in the general population, but also in patients of advanced age. Randomization was stratified by age (<70 years or 70> years), and hematological and biochemical parameters were compared in each age group, especially with respect to the safety profile of each regimen. As a result, the 1.5-L PEG-ASC regimen had higher patient acceptability than the 2-L PEG-ELS regimen. Tolerability, bowel cleansing, and safety were similar between regimens. However, we demonstrated significant statistical changes in the hematological and biochemical parameters after taking bowel preparation solutions, not only in the PEG+ASC group, but also in the PEG-ELS group. No significant differences in the safety profile were found between subjects aged less than 70 years and those aged 70 years or more; nevertheless, regardless of age, proper hydration is needed throughout the bowel preparation process.
Psychosocial Status of Liver Transplant Candidates in Iran and Its Correlation with Health-Related Quality of Life and Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Banihashemi Maryam , Hafezi Mohsen , Nasiri-Toosi Mohsen , Jafarian Ali , Abbasi Mohammad Reza , Arbabi Mohammad , Abdi Maryam , Khavarian Mahzad , Nejatisafa Ali-Akbar
Published: November 2015

Objectives. The study was aimed at providing a psychosocial profile for Iranian liver transplant candidates referred to an established liver transplantation program.Material and Methods. Patients assessed for liver transplant candidacy in Imam Khomeini Hospital (Tehran, Iran) between March 2013 and September 2014 were included. The following battery of tests were administered: Psychosocial Assessment of Candidates for Transplant (PACT), the Short-Form health survey (SF-36), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).Results. Psychosocial assessment in 205 liver transplant candidates revealed significant impairments in several SF-36 domains; social functioning was the least and physical functioning was the most impaired domains. The prevalence of cases with probable anxiety and depressive disorders, according to HADS, was 13.8% and 5.6%, respectively. According to PACT, 24.3% of the assessed individuals were considered good or excellent candidates. In 11.2%, transplantation seemed poor candidate due to at least one major psychosocial or lifestyle risk factor. Poor candidate quality was associated with impaired health-related quality of life and higher scores on anxiety and depression scales (p<0.05).Conclusions. Transplant programs could implement specific intervention programs based on normative databases to address the psychosocial issues in patients in order to improve patient care, quality of life, and transplant outcomes.
An Unusual Case of Laryngeal Paraganglioma in a Patient with Carotid Body Paraganglioma: Multimodality Imaging Findings
Authors: Dogan Serap , Senol Serkan , Imamoglu Hakan , Abdulrezzak Ummuhan , Ekinci Afra , Yuce Imdat , Ozturk Mustafa
Published: November 2015

Multiple paragangliomas of the head and neck are rare conditions. Carotid paragangliomas are most common multiple paragangliomas. Laryngeal paragangliomas are very rare neuroendocrine tumors and usually are seen as symptomatic solitary lesions. We present multimodality imaging findings of incidentally detected laryngeal paraganglioma in a woman with synchronous carotid body paraganglioma and positive family history. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of laryngeal and carotid body paragangliomas in a patient with positive family history. Radiologists should keep in mind that paragangliomas may occur in various locations as multiple tumors.
Plasma Nitration of High‐Density and Low‐Density Lipoproteins in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Receiving Kidney Transplants
Authors: Bakillah Ahmed , Tedla Fasika , Ayoub Isabelle , John Devon , Norin Allen J. , Hussain M. Mahmood , Brown Clinton
Published: November 2015

Background. Functional abnormalities of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) could contribute to cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients. We measured a validated marker of HDL dysfunction, nitrated apolipoprotein A‐I, in kidney transplant recipients to test the hypothesis that a functioning kidney transplant reduces serum nitrated apoA‐I concentrations. Methods. Concentrations of nitrated apoA‐I and apoB were measured using indirect sandwich ELISA assays on sera collected from each transplant subject before transplantation and at 1, 3, and 12 months after transplantation. Patients were excluded if they have history of diabetes, treatment with lipid‐lowering medications or HIV protease inhibitors, prednisone dose > 15 mg/day, nephrotic range proteinuria, serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL, or active inflammatory disease. Sera from 18 transplanted patients were analyzed. Four subjects were excluded due to insufficient data. Twelve and eight patients had creatinine < 1.5 mg/dL at 3 and 12 months after transplantation, respectively. Results. Nitrated apoA‐I was significantly reduced at 12 months after transplantation (p = 0.039). The decrease in apoA‐I nitration was associated with significant reduction in myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (p = 0.047). In contrast to apoA‐I, nitrated apoB was not affected after kidney transplantation. Conclusions. Patients with well‐functioning grafts had significant reduction in nitrated apoA‐I 12 months after kidney transplantation. Further studies are needed in a large cohort to determine if nitrated apoA‐I can be used as a valuable marker for cardiovascular risk stratification in chronic kidney disease.
Longitudinal Follow-Up of Mirror Movements after Stroke: A Case Study
Authors: Ohtsuka Hiroyuki , Matsuzawa Daisuke , Ishii Daisuke , Shimizu Eiji
Published: November 2015

Mirror movement (MM), or visible involuntary movements of a relaxed hand during voluntary fine finger movements of an activated opposite hand, can be observed in the hand that is on the unaffected side of patients with stroke. In the present study, we longitudinally examined the relationship between voluntary movement of the affected hand and MM in the unaffected hand in a single case. We report a 73-year-old woman with a right pontine infarct and left moderate hemiparesis. MM was observed as an extension movement of the unaffected right index finger during extension movement of the affected left index finger. The affected right index movement was found to increase, while MM of the unaffected left index finger was observed to decrease with time. These results indicate that the assessment of MM might be useful for studying the process of motor recovery in patients with stroke.
Exponential Robust Consensus of Multiagent Systems with Markov Jump Parameters
Authors: Zhang He , Ji Huihui , Ye Zhiyong , Senping Tan
Published: November 2015

Exponential robust consensus of stochastic multiagent systems is studied. Coupling structures of multiagent systems are Markov jump switching; that is, multiagent systems contain Markov jump parameters. Sufficient conditions of almost surely exponential robust consensus are derived by utilizing the stochastic method and the approach of the matrix inequality. Finally, two simulations are shown to demonstrate the validity of the achieved theoretical results.
Ordinary and Activated Bone Grafts: Applied Classification and the Main Features
Authors: Deev R. V. , Drobyshev A. Y. , Bozo I. Y. , Isaev A. A.
Published: November 2015

Bone grafts are medical devices that are in high demand in clinical practice for substitution of bone defects and recovery of atrophic bone regions. Based on the analysis of the modern groups of bone grafts, the particularities of their composition, the mechanisms of their biological effects, and their therapeutic indications, applicable classification was proposed that separates the bone substitutes into “ordinary” and “activated.” The main differential criterion is the presence of biologically active components in the material that are standardized by qualitative and quantitative parameters: growth factors, cells, or gene constructions encoding growth factors. The pronounced osteoinductive and (or) osteogenic properties of activated osteoplastic materials allow drawing upon their efficacy in the substitution of large bone defects.
Stem Cell-Based Therapeutics to Improve Wound Healing
Authors: Hu Michael S. , Leavitt Tripp , Malhotra Samir , Duscher Dominik , Pollhammer Michael S. , Walmsley Graham G. , Maan Zeshaan N. , Cheung Alexander T. M. , Schmidt Manfred , Huemer Georg M. , Longaker Michael T. , Lorenz H. Peter
Published: November 2015

Issues surrounding wound healing have garnered deep scientific interest as well as booming financial markets invested in novel wound therapies. Much progress has been made in the field, but it is unsurprising to find that recent successes reveal new challenges to be addressed. With regard to wound healing, large tissue deficits, recalcitrant wounds, and pathological scar formation remain but a few of our most pressing challenges. Stem cell-based therapies have been heralded as a promising means by which to surpass current limitations in wound management. The wide differentiation potential of stem cells allows for the possibility of restoring lost or damaged tissue, while their ability to immunomodulate the wound bed from afar suggests that their clinical applications need not be restricted to direct tissue formation. The clinical utility of stem cells has been demonstrated across dozens of clinical trials in chronic wound therapy, but there is hope that other aspects of wound care will inherit similar benefit. Scientific inquiry into stem cell-based wound therapy abounds in research labs around the world. While their clinical applications remain in their infancy, the heavy investment in their potential makes it a worthwhile subject to review for plastic surgeons, in terms of both their current and future applications.
Factors Associated with Men’s Awareness of Danger Signs of Obstetric Complications and Its Effect on Men’s Involvement in Birth Preparedness Practice in Southern Ethiopia, 2014
Authors: Debiso Alemu Tamiso , Gello Behailu Merdekios , Malaju Marelign Tilahun
Published: November 2015

Background. Compared to average maternal mortality ratio of 8 per 100,000 live births in industrialized countries, Ethiopia has an estimated maternal mortality ratio of 676 per 100,000 live births. Maternal deaths can be prevented partially through increasing awareness of danger signs of obstetric complications and involving husbands (male) in birth preparedness practice.Methods. Community based cross-sectional study was done. All adult males with a wife or partner who lives in the selected kebeles were our study population. Data was collected by pretested and structured questionnaires and two-stage cluster sampling procedure was used in order to collect study samples. Data was cleaned and entered into Epi Info 7 and exported to SPSS (IBM-21) for further analysis. Ordinary and hierarchical logistic regression model were used and AOR with 95% CI were used to show factors and the effect of men’s awareness of danger sign on men’s involvement in birth preparedness practice.Results. Total numbers of men interviewed were 836 making a response rate of 98.9%. 42% of men had awareness of danger sign and 9.4% (95% CI: (7.42, 11.4) of men were involved in birth preparedness practice. Respondents who live in the rural area [(AOR: 8.41; (95% CI: (4.99, 14.2)], governments employee [(AOR: 3.75; (95% CI: (1.38, 10.2)], those who belong to the highest wealth quintile [(AOR: 3.09; (95% CI: (1.51, 6.34)], and husbands whose wives gave birth in the hospital [(AOR: 2.09; (95% CI: (1.29, 3.37)], health center [(AOR: 1.99; (95% CI: (1.21, 3.28)], and health post [(AOR: 2.2; (95% CI: 2.16 (1.06, 404)] were positively associated and those who had no role in the health development army [(AOR: 0.43; (95% CI: (0.26, 0.72)] were negatively associated with men’s awareness of danger signs of obstetric complications.Conclusion. The prevalence of men awareness of danger sign was low and male involvement in birth preparedness practice was very low. Since there is a low level of awareness (17.1%) particularly in the urban area and men act as gatekeepers to women’s health, the respective organization needs to review urban health extension program and give due emphasis to husband education in order that they are able to recognize danger signs of obstetric complications in a way to increase their involvement in birth preparedness practice.
Tissue Specific Promoters in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rama A. R. , Aguilera A. , Melguizo C. , Caba O. , Prados J.
Published: November 2015

Colorectal carcinoma is the third most prevalent cancer in the world. In the most advanced stages, the use of chemotherapy induces a poor response and is usually accompanied by other tissue damage. Significant progress based on suicide gene therapy has demonstrated that it may potentiate the classical cytotoxic effects in colorectal cancer. The inconvenience still rests with the targeting and the specificity efficiency. The main target of gene therapy is to achieve an effective vehicle to hand over therapeutic genes safely into specific cells. One possibility is the use of tumor-specific promoters overexpressed in cancers. They could induce a specific expression of therapeutic genes in a given tumor, increasing their localized activity. Several promoters have been assayed into direct suicide genes to cancer cells. This review discusses the current status of specific tumor-promoters and their great potential in colorectal carcinoma treatment.
Characteristics of Two-Year College Students on the Autism Spectrum and Their Support Services Experiences
Authors: Roux Anne M. , Shattuck Paul T. , Rast Jessica E. , Rava Julianna A. , Edwards Amy D. , Wei Xin , McCracken Mary , Yu Jennifer W.
Published: November 2015

Approximately 80% of college-going youth with autism in the US attend a 2-year college at some point. These community-based, universally accessible institutions offer both academic and vocational courses and have experience in teaching diverse learners. This study used nationally representative survey data from the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 to describe the characteristics and services experiences of adults with autism who attended postsecondary education after high school, focusing on those who attended a 2-year college. Over 60% of those who attended 2-year colleges had little to no trouble conversing or performing functional skills like counting change during high school, and extracurricular participation was common (93.8%). Most 2-year college attenders (85.7%) were able to navigate to places outside the home versus 43.9% of those with no postsecondary education. Over half took vocational courses at 2-year colleges, while one-quarter pursued academic study. Less than half (48.6%) of those who disclosed their disability to the school reported receiving services, accommodations, or other help. Most (87.3%) felt they received enough help, but fewer (68.0%) felt the services they received were useful. Future research should delineate specific needs of students with autism in 2-year college settings and identify what supports are needed to improve persistence and completion rates.
Association Analysis ofMETGene Polymorphism with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Chinese Population
Authors: Ning Lifeng , Yu Yaqin , Liu Xiaoli , Ai Lizhe , Zhang Xin , Rao Wenwang , Shi Jieping , Sun Hui , Yu Qiong
Published: November 2015

To investigate the association ofMETSNPs with gender disparity in thyroid tumors, as well as the metastasis and prognosis of patients, 858 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), 556 patients with nodular goiter, and 896 population-based normal controls were recruited. The genotyping ofMETSNPs was carried out using the Sequenom MassARRAY system. The distribution ofMETSNPs (rs1621 and rs6566) was different among groups. Gender stratification analysis revealed a significant association between the rs1621 genotype and PTC in female patients (P=0.037), but not in male patients (P>0.05). For female patients, the rs1621 AG genotype was significantly higher in patients with PTC than in normal controls (P=0.01) and revealed an increasing risk of PTC (OR: 1.465, 95% CI: 1.118–1.92). However, association analysis of the rs1621 genotype with metastasis and prognosis revealed no significant correlation in both male and female patients. The findings of our study showed that polymorphism of SNP locus rs1621 inMETgene may be associated with gender disparity in PTC. Higher AG genotypes in rs1621 were correlated with PTC in female patients, but not in male patients.
Current Status of Research on Osteoporosis after Solid Organ Transplantation: Pathogenesis and Management
Authors: Lan Gong-bin , Xie Xu-biao , Peng Long-kai , Liu Lei , Song Lei , Dai He-long
Published: November 2015

Improved survival following organ transplantation has brought to the forefront some long-term complications, among which osteoporosis and associated fractures are the major ones that adversely affect the quality of life in recipients. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis in transplant recipients is complex and multifactorial which may be related to increased bone resorption, decreased bone formation, or both. Studies have shown that the preexisting underlying metabolic bone disorders and the use of immunosuppressive agents are the major risk factors for osteoporosis and fractures after organ transplantation. And rapid bone loss usually occurs in the first 6–12 months with a significant increase in fracture risk. This paper will provide an updated review on the possible pathogenesis of posttransplant osteoporosis and fractures, the natural history, and the current prevention and treatment strategies concerning different types of organ transplantation.
Sex Differences in Genetic and Environmental Influences on Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: A Meta-Analytic Review
Authors: Chen Jie , Yu Jing
Published: November 2015

Although sex difference in the mean level of depressive symptoms has been well established, the sex difference in genetic and environmental influences on adolescent depressive symptoms is unclear. The current study conducted a meta-analysis of twin studies on sex differences in self- and parent-reported adolescent depressive symptoms. For self-reports, genetic factors influenced adolescent depressive symptoms equally for boys and girls, accounting for 46% of variation, but shared environmental factors had stronger impacts on adolescent girls’ versus boys’ depressive symptoms (13% versus 1% of the variance). For parent-reports, genetic, shared, and nonshared environmental factors influenced adolescent depressive symptoms equally, with separate estimates of 34%, 35%, and 31%. The implications of sex difference in genetic and environmental etiologies of depressive symptoms are discussed.
Protection of Health Imagery by Region Based Lossless Reversible Watermarking Scheme
Authors: Priya R. Lakshmi , Sadasivam V.
Published: November 2015

Providing authentication and integrity in medical images is a problem and this work proposes a new blind fragile region based lossless reversible watermarking technique to improve trustworthiness of medical images. The proposed technique embeds the watermark using a reversible least significant bit embedding scheme. The scheme combines hashing, compression, and digital signature techniques to create a content dependent watermark making use of compressed region of interest (ROI) for recovery of ROI as reported in literature. The experiments were carried out to prove the performance of the scheme and its assessment reveals that ROI is extracted in an intact manner and PSNR values obtained lead to realization that the presented scheme offers greater protection for health imageries.
Assessment Using AutoCAD Software of the Preparation of Dentin Walls in Root Canals Produced by 4 Different Endodontic Instrument Systems
Authors: Cabanillas Cristina , Monterde Manuel , Pallarés Antonio , Aranda Susana , Montes Raquel
Published: November 2015

Objectives. To compare the effectiveness of four instrument systems for preparing oval root canals: manual instrumentation (Step-Back technique), ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, and Wave One.Material and Methods. For the purpose of this assessment, 60 teeth extracted for orthodontic or periodontal reasons, specifically canines and premolars with full coronal and root anatomy, were used and 15 samples were assigned to each group. The section of the canals was compared before and after instrumenting and the section of untouched canal wall was measured using AutoCAD software. The data was analysed by means of Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.Results. In the apical third, 100% of the canals were prepared with all the systems. In the middle third, apvalue of 0.5989 in the Kruskal-Wallis test was obtained, which indicates no significant difference between the groups. At the coronal third level, the results obtained revealed that Wave One had a significantly lower mean average than the rest (p<0.05).Conclusions. There are no differences between the various root canal instrument systems in the apical and middle thirds. At the coronal third level, Wave One system showed performance significantly worse than the rest, among which there were no differences.
Management of Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity by Gastroenterology Specialists: Data from an Italian Survey
Authors: Branchi Federica , Ferretti Francesca , Norsa Lorenzo , Roncoroni Leda , Conte Dario , Bardella Maria Teresa , Elli Luca
Published: November 2015

Background and Aim. Nonceliac gluten sensitivity is syndrome characterized by symptoms disappearing after a gluten-free diet. Its existence is still argument of discussion among specialists. Our aim was to evaluate the knowledge about nonceliac gluten sensitivity among gastroenterology specialists.Methods. During October 2013 a questionnaire was sent through a medical newsletter to Italian gastroenterologists. Twelve questions investigated their knowledge on nonceliac gluten sensitivity, including their diagnostic and therapeutic approach.Results. A total of 212 gastroenterologists filled in the questionnaire. The 98.6% were aware of the existence of a syndrome called “nonceliac gluten sensitivity” and 77% believe in its existence. However, only 56% gave a correct definition of the term. The majority of specialists diagnosed gluten sensitive patients and the number of diagnoses was not statistically different from that of celiac disease. Moreover, a gluten-free diet was prescribed by 64% of the specialists and among them the 73% noted an increase of gluten sensitive patients attending their outpatient services.Conclusions. Our study indicated that most of the specialists recognize nonceliac gluten sensitivity and prescribe gluten-free diet, although 44% of the specialists are not able to give its correct definition; underlining the necessity of medical education on this topic is needed.
Adenocarcinoma at Anastomotic Site of Ureterosigmoidostomy Potentially of Urothelial Origin Spreading to the Upper Urinary Tract
Authors: Makino Katsuhiro , Kume Haruki , Morikawa Teppei , Niimi Aya , Fujimura Tetsuya , Nakagawa Tohru , Fukuhara Hiroshi , Homma Yukio
Published: November 2015

Ureterosigmoidostomy is associated with the risk of several late complications including cancer development at anastomotic sites. We present an unusual case with adenocarcinoma of the anastomotic site associated with multiple adenocarcinoma lesions in the upper urinary tract. A 69-year-old man complained of persistent melena and hematuria. He had undergone radical cystectomy for high-grade bladder cancer and ureterosigmoidostomy 30 years before. Colonoscopy showed a tumor at the right ureterocolonic anastomosis, which was endoscopically resected and histologically diagnosed as adenocarcinoma. Seven years later, a tumor of the left ureterocolonic anastomosis associated with hydronephrosis was found. He underwent temporal percutaneous nephrostomy followed by sigmoidectomy and left ureterocutaneostomy. Eighteen months after the operation, computed tomography (CT) detected left renal pelvic tumor with a mass along the former nephrostomy tract. Left nephroureterectomy and resection of the nephrostomy tract tumor revealed adenocarcinoma with multiple lesions of adenocarcinoma in the ureter. These tumors showed atypical immunohistochemistry as a colonic adenocarcinoma: positive for cytokeratin 7, negative for cytokeratin 20, and negative forβ-catenin nuclear accumulation. Anastomotic site adenocarcinoma of the present case is potentially of urothelial origin because of unusual clinical manifestation and immunohistochemistry as a colon cancer.
Supramolecular Encapsulation of Vitamin B6 by Macrocyclic Nanocontainer Cucurbit[7]uril
Authors: Li Wanying , Li Shengke , Wyman Ian W. , Macartney Donal H. , Zhang Qingwen , Zheng Ying , Wang Ruibing
Published: November 2015

A pharmaceutically and biologically relevant molecule, pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), was encapsulated inside the cavity of a molecular container, cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]), in aqueous solution. The CB[7] based “nanocapsule” of vitamin B6 has been investigated for the first time, via 1H NMR and UV‐visible spectroscopic titrations (including Job’s plot) and ab initio molecular modeling. The results have demonstrated that vitamin B6 forms stable host‐guest complexes within CB[7] in 1 : 1 stoichiometry, with a binding affinity of (4.0 ± 0.5) × 103 M−1. Such a nanocapsule could potentially find application in vitamin B6 formulation for the purpose of enhancing the stability, absorption, and delivery of this important vitamin.
Global Gene Expression Profiling and Alternative Splicing Events during the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Cartilage Endplate-Derived Stem Cells
Authors: Shang Jin , Fan Xin , Shangguan Lei , Liu Huan , Zhou Yue
Published: November 2015

Low back pain (LBP) is a very prevalent disease and degenerative disc diseases (DDDs) usually account for the LBP. However, the pathogenesis of DDDs is complicated and difficult to elucidate. Alternative splicing is a sophisticated regulatory process which greatly increases cellular complexity and phenotypic diversity of eukaryotic organisms. In addition, the cartilage endplate-derived stem cells have been discovered and identified by our research group. In this paper, we continue to investigate gene expression profiling and alternative splicing events during chondrogenic differentiation of cartilage endplate-derived stem cells. We adopted Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 (HTA 2.0) to compare the transcriptional and splicing changes between the control and differentiated samples. RT-PCR and quantitative PCR are used to validate the microarray results. The GO and KEGG pathway analysis was also performed. After bioinformatics analysis of the data, we detected 1953 differentially expressed genes. In terms of alternative splicing, the Splicing Index algorithm was used to select alternatively spliced genes. We detected 4411 alternatively spliced genes. GO and KEGG pathway analysis also revealed several functionally involved biological processes and signaling pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the alternative splicing mechanisms in chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells on a genome-wide scale.
Design and Implementation of Fuzzy Approximation PI Controller for Automatic Cruise Control System
Authors: Maji Pallab , Patra Sarat Kumar , Mahapatra Kamalakanta
Published: November 2015

Fuzzy logic systems have been widely used for controlling nonlinear and complex dynamic systems by programming heuristic knowledge. But these systems are computationally complex and resource intensive. This paper presents a technique of development and porting of a fuzzy logic approximation PID controller (FLAC) in an automatic cruise control (ACC) system. ACC is a highly nonlinear process and its control is trivial due to the large change in parameters. Therefore, a suitable controller based on heuristic knowledge will be easy to develop and provide an effective solution. But the major problem with employing fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is its complexity. Moreover, the designing of Rulebase requires efficient heuristic knowledge about the system which is rarely found. Therefore, in this paper, a novel rule extraction process is used to derive a FLAC. This controller is then ported on a C6748 DSP hardware with timing and memory optimization. Later, it is seamlessly connected to a network to support remote reconfigurability. A performance analysis is drawn based on processor-in loop test with Simulink model of a cruise control system for vehicle.
Determinants of Weight Loss following Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: The Role of Psychological Burden, Coping Style, and Motivation to Undergo Surgery
Authors: Figura Andrea , Ahnis Anne , Stengel Andreas , Hofmann Tobias , Elbelt Ulf , Ordemann Jürgen , Rose Matthias
Published: November 2015

Background. The amount of excess weight loss (%EWL) among obese patients after bariatric surgery varies greatly. However, reliable predictors have not been established yet. The present study evaluated the preoperative psychological burden, coping style, and motivation to lose weight as factors determining postoperative treatment success.Methods. The sample included 64 morbidly obese patients with a preoperative BMI of51±8 kg/m2who had undergone laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Well-established questionnaires were applied before surgery to assess the psychological burden in terms of “perceived stress” (PSQ-20), “depression” (PHQ-9), “anxiety” (GAD-7), and “mental impairment” (ISR) as well as coping style (Brief COPE) and motivation to lose weight. %EWL as an indicator for treatment success was assessed on average 20 months after surgery.Results. Based on the %EWL distribution, patients were classified into three %EWL groups: low (14–39%), moderate (40–59%), and high (60–115%). LSG patients with high %EWL reported significantly more “active coping” behavior prior to surgery than patients with moderate and low %EWL. Patients’ preoperative psychological burden and motivation to lose weight were not associated with %EWL.Conclusion. An “active coping” style might be of predictive value for better weight loss outcomes in patients following LSG intervention.
Wireless Coexistence and Spectrum Sensing in Industrial Internet of Things: An Experimental Study
Authors: Winter Jean M. , Muller Ivan , Soatti Gloria , Savazzi Stefano , Nicoli Monica , Becker Leandro Buss , Netto João C. , Pereira Carlos E.
Published: November 2015

The adoption of dense wireless sensor networks in industrial plants is mandatorily paired with the development of methods and tools for connectivity prediction. These are needed to certify the quality (or reliability) of the network information flow in industrial scenarios which are typically characterized by harsh propagation conditions. Connectivity prediction must account for the possible coexistence of heterogeneous radio-access technologies, as part of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) paradigm, and easily allow postlayout validation steps. The goal of this paper is to provide a practical evaluation of relevant coexistence problems that may occur between industrial networks employing standards such as WirelessHART IEC 62591, IEEE 802.15.4, and IEEE 802.11. A number of coexistence scenarios are experimentally tested using different radio platforms. For each case, experimental results are analyzed to assess tolerable interference levels and sensitivity thresholds for different configurations of channel overlapping. Finally, the problem of over-the-air spectrum sensing is investigated in real scenarios with heterogeneous industrial networks to enable a cognitive resource allocation that avoids intolerable interference conditions.
A Rare Case of Nonsecretory Multiple Myeloma in Lagos, Nigeria: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Uche Ebele , Akinbami Akinsegun , John-Olabode Sarah , Dosunmu Adedoyin , Odesanya Majeed
Published: November 2015

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder associated with clonal proliferation of plasma cells. Nonsecretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) is a rare variant of MM and accounts for approximately 1% to 5% of all cases. It is defined as symptomatic myeloma without detectable monoclonal immunoglobulin on serum or urine electrophoresis. This variant usually poses a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. We present a 60-year-old Nigerian man who was investigated extensively for bone pain, weight loss, and anaemia. He was eventually diagnosed as having nonsecretory multiple myeloma based on histology and immunohistochemistry results of bone marrow trephine biopsy. He is currently being managed with bortezomib, doxorubicin, and thalidomide, as well as zoledronic acid. He is also on anticoagulation. He continues to show remarkable clinical improvement. We describe this case report and literature review for better awareness amongst medical practitioners and pathologists.
Association of Sasang Constitutional Type with Sarcopenia
Authors: Lee Seung Ku , Yoon Dae Wui , Choi Kyung-Mee , Lee Si Woo , Kim Jong Yeol , Kim Jin Kwan , Shin Chol
Published: November 2015

Sasang constitutional medicine (SCM) is a unique Korean traditional medicine that classifies human beings as four distinct types named Sasang constitutional types (SCTs), based on physiologic, physical, and psychological traits. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that specific constitutional types are associated with chronic diseases, but no study has investigated the relationship between SCTs and sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to examine the association in a large population-based study. Data from 1,204 participants who completed questionnaires for life style, anthropometric evaluation, and biochemical analysis were analyzed. Classification of the SCTs was done using an integrated diagnostic method. Sarcopenia was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass/height2less than one standard deviation below the gender-specific normal mean of a younger group. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess whole body composition. The prevalence of sarcopenia was8.6%in the Tae-eum (TE) type,44.7%in the So-eum (SE) type, and20.7%in the So-yang (SY) type. Multivariate analysis revealed that the SE and SY types had 9.22 (5.06–16.81;P<0.0001) and 2.90 (1.76–4.76;P<0.0001) greater odds of sarcopenia compared to the TE type, respectively. Our results show that the SE and SY types are significantly associated with increased prevalence of sarcopenia.
Real-Time Control of a Video Game Using Eye Movements and Two Temporal EEG Sensors
Authors: Belkacem Abdelkader Nasreddine , Saetia Supat , Zintus-art Kalanyu , Shin Duk , Kambara Hiroyuki , Yoshimura Natsue , Berrached Nasreddine , Koike Yasuharu
Published: November 2015

EEG-controlled gaming applications range widely from strictly medical to completely nonmedical applications. Games can provide not only entertainment but also strong motivation for practicing, thereby achieving better control with rehabilitation system. In this paper we present real-time control of video game with eye movements for asynchronous and noninvasive communication system using two temporal EEG sensors. We used wavelets to detect the instance of eye movement and time-series characteristics to distinguish between six classes of eye movement. A control interface was developed to test the proposed algorithm in real-time experiments with opened and closed eyes. Using visual feedback, a mean classification accuracy of 77.3% was obtained for control with six commands. And a mean classification accuracy of 80.2% was obtained using auditory feedback for control with five commands. The algorithm was then applied for controlling direction and speed of character movement in two-dimensional video game. Results showed that the proposed algorithm had an efficient response speed and timing with a bit rate of 30 bits/min, demonstrating its efficacy and robustness in real-time control.
One-Step Recovery of scFv Clones from High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Screening of Phage Display Libraries Challenged to Cells Expressing Native Claudin-1
Authors: Sasso Emanuele , Paciello Rolando , D’Auria Francesco , Riccio Gennaro , Froechlich Guendalina , Cortese Riccardo , Nicosia Alfredo , De Lorenzo Claudia , Zambrano Nicola
Published: November 2015

Expanding the availability of monoclonal antibodies interfering with hepatitis C virus infection of hepatocytes is an active field of investigation within medical biotechnologies, to prevent graft reinfection in patients subjected to liver transplantation and to overcome resistances elicited by novel antiviral drugs. In this paper, we describe a complete pipeline for screening of phage display libraries of human scFvs against native Claudin-1, a tight-junction protein involved in hepatitis C virus infection, expressed on the cell surface of human hepatocytes. To this aim, we implemented a high-throughput sequencing approach for library screening, followed by a simple and effective strategy to recover active binder clones from enriched sublibraries. The recovered clones were successfully converted to active immunoglobulins, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of the whole procedure. This novel approach can guarantee rapid and cheap isolation of antibodies for virtually any native antigen involved in human diseases, for therapeutic and/or diagnostic applications.
The Immediate Aesthetic and Functional Restoration of Maxillary Incisors Compromised by Periodontitis Using Short Implants with Single Crown Restorations: A Minimally Invasive Approach and Five-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Marincola Mauro , Lombardo Giorgio , Pighi Jacopo , Corrocher Giovanni , Mascellaro Anna , Lehrberg Jeffrey , Nocini Pier Francesco
Published: November 2015

The functional and aesthetic restoration of teeth compromised due to aggressive periodontitis presents numerous challenges for the clinician. Horizontal bone loss and soft tissue destruction resulting from periodontitis can impede implant placement and the regeneration of an aesthetically pleasing gingival smile line, often requiring bone augmentation and mucogingival surgery, respectively. Conservative approaches to the treatment of aggressive periodontitis (i.e., treatments that use minimally invasive tools and techniques) have been purported to yield positive outcomes. Here, we report on the treatment and five-year follow-up of patient suffering from aggressive periodontitis using a minimally invasive surgical technique and implant system. By using the methods described herein, we were able to achieve the immediate aesthetic and functional restoration of the maxillary incisors in a case that would otherwise require bone augmentation and extensive mucogingival surgery. This technique represents a conservative and efficacious alternative to the aesthetic and functional replacement of teeth compromised due to aggressive periodontitis.
Restoration of Endothelial Function inPparα−/−Mice by Tempol
Authors: Silswal Neerupma , Parelkar Nikhil , Andresen Jon , Wacker Michael J.
Published: November 2015

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is one of the PPAR isoforms belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that regulates genes involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. PPARαis present in the vascular wall and is thought to be involved in protection against vascular disease. To determine if PPARαcontributes to endothelial function, conduit and cerebral resistance arteries were studied inPparα−/−mice using isometric and isobaric tension myography, respectively. Aortic contractions to PGF2αand constriction of middle cerebral arteries to phenylephrine were not different between wild type (WT) andPparα−/−; however, relaxation/dilation to acetylcholine (ACh) was impaired. There was no difference in relaxation between WT andPparα−/−aorta to treatment with a nitric oxide (NO) surrogate indicating impairment in endothelial function. Endothelial NO levels as well as NO synthase expression were reduced inPparα−/−aortas, while superoxide levels were elevated. Two-week feeding with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, tempol, normalized ROS levels and rescued the impaired endothelium-mediated relaxation inPparα−/−mice. These results suggest thatPparα−/−mice have impaired endothelial function caused by decreased NO bioavailability. Therefore, activation of PPARαreceptors may be a therapeutic target for maintaining endothelial function and protection against cardiovascular disease.
Detection of Pb, Ba, and Sb in Blowfly Larvae of Porcine Tissue Contaminated with Gunshot Residue by ICP OES
Authors: Motta Larissa C. , Vanini Gabriela , Chamoun Carlos A. , Costa Rayana A. , Vaz Boniek G. , Costa Helber B. , Bassane João F. P. , Carneiro Maria Tereza W. D. , Romão Wanderson
Published: November 2015

Lead (Pb), barium (Ba), and antimony (Sb) concentrations were monitored in flies larvae (immatureChrysomya albiceps) contaminated with gunshot residue (GSR) from .40 caliber Taurus pistols during the period of 2 to 12 days after the death of a female pig in decomposition, during the winter, under the influence of rain and high relative humidity. The samples were also analyzed by the colorimetric test using sodium rhodizonate (Feigl-Suter reaction). It was possible to detect and quantify the three metals of interest by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), where the concentrations of all three elements kept practically constant during the putrefaction stage. Minimum ([Pb] = 382.26 μg L−1; [Ba] = 140.50 μg L−1; [Sb] = 39.18 μg L−1) and maximum ([Pb] = 522.66 μg L−1; [Ba] = 190.30 μg L−1; [Sb] = 56.14 μg L−1) concentrations were found during the third and fifth days after death, respectively. ICP OES presented higher sensitivity in metals determination when compared to the conventional colorimetric test, which showed negative result for the GSR extracts obtained from the immatureChrysomya albiceps.
Duplication Cyst in the Third Part of the Duodenum Presenting with Gastric Outlet Obstruction and Severe Weight Loss
Authors: Shaheen Osama , Sara Samer , Safadi Mhd Firas , Alsaid Bayan
Published: November 2015

Duodenal duplication is a rare developmental abnormality which is usually diagnosed in infancy and childhood, but less frequently in adulthood. We report a case of a 16-year-old female with a duplication cyst in the third part of the duodenum. The patient presented with symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction, including severe anorexia and weight loss. The diagnosis was made preoperatively by CT scan and upper endoscopy. The cyst was successfully treated by marsupialization on the duodenum using a GIA stapler. Duodenal duplication presents with a wide variety of symptoms. Although illusive, many cases can be properly diagnosed preoperatively by using the appropriate imaging modalities. Treatment choices are tailored according to the size and location of the cyst, in addition to its relation to adjacent structures. The outcomes are favorable in the majority of patients.