bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Eutectic Solvents with Specified Extraction Properties Based on Intermolecular Interaction Energy
Authors: Kozhevnikova Arina V. , Uvarova Ekaterina S. , Maltseva Varvara E. , Ananyev Ivan V. , Milevskii Nikita A. , Fedulov Igor S. , Zakhodyaeva Yulia A. , Voshkin Andrey A.
Published: October 2024

A new approach to managing the extraction properties of eutectic solvents based on aliphatic alcohols is proposed. Aliphatic alcohols, when functioning as hydrogen bond donors within a eutectic solvent, significantly enhance the solvent’s efficiency in extracting metal ions. Conversely, when the alcohol acts as a hydrogen bond acceptor, its extraction properties diminish. Molecular modelling reveals that the extraction efficiency of these alcohols is directly proportional to the intermolecular interaction energy between the components of the eutectic solvent.
Cationic Surface Charge Engineering of Recombinant Transthyretin Remarkably Increases the Inhibitory Potency Against Amyloid β-Protein Fibrillogenesis
Authors: Lin Xiaoding , Xu Ting , Hou Wenqi , Dong Xiaoyan , Sun Yan
Published: October 2024

The deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) in the brain is the main pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The development of potent inhibitors against Aβ aggregation is one of the effective strategies to combat AD. Endogenous transthyretin (TTR) can inhibit Aβ fibrillization via hydrophobic interactions, but its weak inhibitory potency hinders its application in AD therapy. Here, different recombinant TTRs were designed by cationic surface charge engineering. Compared with TTR, all positively charged recombinant TTRs showed enhanced capability in inhibiting Aβ aggregation, especially the recombinant protein obtained by mutating the acidic amino acid in TTR to arginine (TTR-nR) exhibited excellent inhibitory effect. Among them, TTR-7R remarkably increased the inhibitory potency against Aβ, which could effectively inhibit Aβ40 fibrillization at a very low concentration (0.5 μM). In addition, TTR-7R increased cultured cell viability from 62% to 89%, scavenged amyloid plaques in AD nematodes, and prolonged nematode lifespan by 5 d at 2 μM. Thermodynamic studies demonstrated that TTR-7R, enriching in positive charges, presented hydrophobic interactions and enhanced electrostatic interactions with Aβ40, leading to a significantly enhanced inhibitory capacity of TTR-7R. The research provided insights into the development of efficient recombinant protein inhibitors for AD treatment.
New Materials for Thin-Film Solid-Phase Microextraction (TF-SPME) and Their Use for Isolation and Preconcentration of Selected Compounds from Aqueous, Biological and Food Matrices
Authors: Krumplewski Witold , Rykowska Iwona
Published: October 2024

Determination of a broad spectrum of analytes, carried out with analytical instruments in samples with complex matrices, including environmental, biological, and food samples, involves the development of new and selective sorption phases used in microextraction techniques that allow their isolation from the matrix. SPME solid-phase microextraction is compatible with green analytical chemistry among the sample preparation techniques, as it reduces the use of toxic organic solvents to the minimum necessary. Over the past two decades, it has undergone impressive progress, resulting in the development of the thin-film solid-phase microextraction technique, TF-SPME (the thin-film solid-phase microextraction), which is characterized by a much larger surface area of the sorption phase compared to that of the SPME fiber. TF-SPME devices, in the form of a mostly rectangular metal or polymer substrate onto which a thin film of sorption phase is applied, are characterized, among others, by a higher sorption capacity. In comparison with microextraction carried out on SPME fiber, they enable faster microextraction of analytes. The active phase on which analyte sorption occurs can be applied to the substrate through techniques such as dip coating, spin coating, electrospinning, rod coating, and spray coating. The dynamic development of materials chemistry makes it possible to use increasingly advanced materials as selective sorption phases in the TF-SPME technique: polymers, conducting polymers, molecularly imprinted polymers, organometallic frameworks, carbon nanomaterials, aptamers, polymeric ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents. Therefore, TF-SPME has been successfully used to prepare analytical samples to determine a broad spectrum of analytes in sample matrices: environmental, biological, and food. The work will be a review of the above-mentioned issues.
Onion Peel Extract Prevents Intestinal Inflammation via AMK-Activated Protein Kinase Activation in Caco-2/HT-29 Cells
Authors: Balogun Olugbenga , Brownmiller Cindi R. , Lee Sun-Ok , Kang Hye Won
Published: October 2024

Background: Obesogenic diets cause intestinal inflammation and dysfunction. Polyphenols have shown a positive impact on reducing inflammation in in vitro studies. However, their bioactivity may not be the same in the in vivo system due to structural alteration by the gastrointestinal digestive process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of onion peel and its major bioactive compound, quercetin, in the intestine and further examine the impact of intestinal digestion on this effect. Methods: Onion peel extract (OPE) and quercetin (Q) were digested using gastrointestinal digestive enzymes in vitro and then treated into lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Caco-2/HT-29 cells. Genes and proteins related to tight junction, inflammation, and epithelial integrity were measured. Results: OPE and digested OPE (DOPE) had a higher protective effect on LPS-induced tight junction and inflammatory genes and paracellular permeability than Q and digested Q (DQ). DOPE was more effective than OPE, while digestion did not change the activity of Q. The anti-inflammatory effect of OPE and Q with or without digestion was achieved by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B through AMP-activated protein kinase-activated silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1. Conclusions: It was the first to find that a crude extract, after undergoing gastrointestinal digestion, demonstrated a notably superior anti-inflammatory effect in the cell study, suggesting the consumption of onion peels could potentially yield similar benefits in the human intestine. This discovery underscores the potential of onion peel polyphenols in combating intestinal inflammation, making them a compelling area of research for future therapeutic applications using food byproducts.
Correction: Bucki et al. Bactericidal Properties of Rod-, Peanut-, and Star-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles Coated with Ceragenin CSA-131 against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Strains. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 425
Authors: Chmielewska Sylwia Joanna , Skłodowski Karol , Depciuch Joanna , Deptuła Piotr , Piktel Ewelina , Fiedoruk Krzysztof , Kot Patrycja , Paprocka Paulina , Fortunka Kamila , Wollny Tomasz , Wolak Przemysław , Parlinska-Wojtan Magdalena , Savage Paul B. , Bucki Robert
Published: October 2024

In the original publication [...]
Innovative Polymeric Coatings with Dual Antifouling and Light-Activated Bactericidal Functions for Urinary Catheter Applications
Authors: Chen Po-Hsun , Chen Guan-Hua , Tsai Wei-Bor
Published: October 2024

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) present significant health risks in medical settings, necessitating innovative solutions to prevent bacterial colonization on catheter surfaces. This study introduces a novel polymeric coating with dual antifouling and light-activated bactericidal properties to enhance the bactericidal efficacy of urinary catheters. The coatings were synthesized using a one-step process involving pyrogallol chemistry to deposit a copolymer composed of zwitterionic sulfobetaine for antifouling and sodium copper chlorophyllin, a photosensitizer that generates reactive oxygen species under light exposure to effectively kill bacteria. We evaluated the antifouling properties, cytocompatibility, and bactericidal performance of the coatings under various light conditions. The results showed significant reductions in bacterial adhesion, with light activation further endowing the catheter with bactericidal effects. Additionally, light could be delivered through an optical fiber within the catheter lumen to target and kill bacteria. The innovative coating using light-activated bactericidal action offers a promising approach to preventing CAUTIs, representing a potential breakthrough in developing safer and more effective urinary catheters.
Development of a Matrix for Seismic Isolators Using Recycled Rubber from Vehicle Tires
Authors: Meza-Muñoz Alex Oswaldo , Rivas-Ordoñez Faider Sebastian , Madera-Sierra Ingrid Elizabeth , Rojas-Manzano Manuel Alejandro , Patino-Reyes Edwin Dielmig , Salmerón-Becerra Manuel Iván , Dyke Shirley J.
Published: October 2024

Over recent decades, numerous strong earthquakes have caused widespread devastation, including citywide destruction, significant loss of life, and severe structural damage. Seismic base isolation is a well-established method for mitigating earthquake-induced risks in buildings; however, its high cost often limits its implementation in developing countries. Simultaneously, the global rise in vehicle numbers has led to the accumulation of discarded tires, intensifying environmental challenges. In response to these issues, this study investigates the development of a seismic isolator matrix using recycled rubber from vehicle tires, proposed as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative. Ten recycled rubber matrices were experimentally evaluated for their physical and mechanical properties. The matrix with optimal granulometry and binder content, demonstrating superior performance, was identified. This optimized matrix underwent further validation through compression and cyclic shear tests on reduced-scale prototypes of fiber-reinforced isolators, which included five prototype designs, two of which featured flexible reinforcement. The best-performing prototype comprised a recycled rubber matrix with 15% binder and glass fiber, exhibiting vertical stiffness and damping characteristics superior to those of natural rubber. Specifically, this prototype achieved a damping ratio of up to 22%, surpassing the 10% minimum required for seismic isolation, along with a vertical stiffness of 45 kN/mm, critical for withstanding the vertical loads transferred by buildings. These findings suggest that the recycled tire rubber matrix, when combined with glass fiber, is a viable material for the production of seismic isolators. This combination utilizes discarded materials, contributing to environmental sustainability.
Development of Polymer Composites Using Surface-Modified Olive Pit Powder for Fused Granular Fabrication
Authors: Burgos Pintos Pedro , Maturi Mirko , Sanz de León Alberto , Molina Sergio I.
Published: October 2024

In this study, olive pit agro-waste from the olive oil industry is valorized by incorporating it as an additive in a polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) matrix to develop bio-based composite materials for large format additive manufacturing (LFAM). The olive pits were first ground into olive pit powder (OPP) and then functionalized by polymerizing poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) PBAT on their surface, resulting in a hydrophobic, modified olive pit powder (MOPP) with enhanced compatibility with the PETG matrix. OPP and MOPP composites were compounded and 3D-printed via Fused Granular Fabrication (FGF) using 5, 10, and 15 wt.% concentrations. The PBAT coating increased the degradation temperature and specific heat capacity of the material, contributing to a lower melt viscosity during printing, as confirmed by MFR, MDSC, and TGA analyses. Tensile testing revealed that MOPP composites generally exhibited superior mechanical properties compared to OPP composites, likely due to the improved compatibility between PBAT on the MOPP surface and the PETG matrix. SEM analysis further validated these findings, showing a highly irregular and porous fracture surface in OPP composites, while MOPP composites displayed a smooth surface with well-integrated MOPP in the PETG matrix.
Wood Polymer Composites Based on the Recycled Polyethylene Blends from Municipal Waste and Ethiopian Indigenous Bamboo (Oxytenanthera abyssinica) Fibrous Particles Through Chemical Coupling Crosslinking
Authors: Ayana Keresa Defa , Ali Abubeker Yimam , Ha Chang-Sik
Published: October 2024

Valorization of potential thermoplastic waste is an effective strategy to address resource scarcity and reduce valuable thermoplastic waste. In this study, new ecofriendly biomass-derived wood polymer composites (WPCs) were produced from three different types of recycled polyethylene (PE) municipal waste, namely linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), medium-density polyethylene (MDPE), or high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and their blend with equal composition (33/33/33 by wt.%). Bamboo particle reinforcement derived from indigenous Ethiopian lowland bamboo (LLB), which had never been utilized before in a WPC formulation, was used as the dispersed phase. Before utilization, recycled LLDPE, MDPE, and HDPE were carefully characterized to determine their chemical compositions, residual metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and thermal properties. Similarly, the fundamental mechanical properties of the WPCs, such as tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, modulus of rupture, and unnotched impact strength, were evaluated. Finally, the thermal stability and interphase coupling efficiency of maleic-anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) were carefully investigated. WPCs formulated by melt-blending either of the recycled PEs or the blend of recycled PE with bamboo particles showed significant improvement due to MAPP enhancing interfacial adhesion and thermally induced crosslinking, despite inherent immiscibility. These results were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The formulated WPCs may promote PE waste cascading valorization, offering sustainable alternatives and maximizing LLB utilization. Furthermore, comparison with well-known standards for polyolefin-based WPCs indicated that the prepared WPCs can be used as alternative sustainable building materials and related applications.
Temperature-Responsive Injectable Composite Hydrogels Based on Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide), Chitosan, and Hemp-Derived Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Promdontree Praewa , Ounkaew Artjima , Yao Yuan , Zeng Hongbo , Narain Ravin , Ummartyotin Sarute
Published: October 2024

Injectable and temperature-responsive Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)/Chitosan composite hydrogels reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were successfully fabricated via photopolymerization. 0.1–3% (w/v) of cellulose nanocrystals were incorporated into the PNIPAAm/chitosan matrix to form thermo-responsive injectable composite hydrogels. FT-IR spectra confirmed the successful formation of these hydrogels, highlighting the characteristic peaks PNIPAAm, chitosan and CNCs. The inclusion of CNCs led to a reduced pore size as compared to the control hydrogels. The mechanical properties of the hydrogel were characterized under various temperature conditions. Rheology tests showed that storage modulus (G′) increased significantly above 30 °C, indicating gel-like behavior. Thermogravimetric analysis showed thermal stability up to 300 °C. The volume phase transition temperatures (VPTT) of the hydrogels were found to be in the range of 34–38 °C, close to physiological body temperature. The equilibrium swelling ratio (ESR) of the CNC-containing hydrogels was higher than that of the control. In vitro studies with Human Dermal Fibroblast adult (HDFa) cells showed the hydrogels to be non-toxic, suggesting their potential for biomedical applications.
Association Between Neighborhood Built Environment and Mental Health: Differences Between Older Adults With and Without Restricted Mobility
Authors: Kong Xinyu , Han Haoying , Chi Fangting , Zhan Mengyao , Shu Xianfan
Published: October 2024

The mobility restrictions faced by older adults pose significant challenges to understanding the association between the neighborhood built environment and their mental health. Neglecting the role of restricted mobility hinders a comprehensive analysis of how the built environment impacts older adults’ mental health. Furthermore, the differences in this association between older adults with and without restricted mobility remain unclear. Based on data from 1405 adults aged 60 and older in Hangzhou, China, this study explored the association between the neighborhood built environment and the mental health of older adults using multivariable linear regression, with multivariable logistic regression being employed for the sensitivity analysis. The results indicated that access to public canteens and outdoor fitness spaces were significantly positively associated with the mental health of older adults. Notably, the protective effect of outdoor fitness spaces was significant for older adults with restricted mobility, while the supportive effect of public canteens was significant for those without restricted mobility. This study demonstrated an association between the neighborhood built environment and mental health among older adults, highlighting differences in this effect between those with and without restricted mobility. These insights underscore the necessity of designing sustainable and inclusive neighborhoods that cater to the varied needs of older adults, ultimately fostering environments that promote healthy and active aging.
Graph Neural Networks for Routing Optimization: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Jiang Weiwei , Han Haoyu , Zhang Yang , Wang Ji’an , He Miao , Gu Weixi , Mu Jianbin , Cheng Xirong
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we explore the emerging role of graph neural networks (GNNs) in optimizing routing for next-generation communication networks. Traditional routing protocols, such as OSPF or the Dijkstra algorithm, often fall short in handling the complexity, scalability, and dynamic nature of modern network environments, including unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), satellite, and 5G networks. By leveraging their ability to model network topologies and learn from complex interdependencies between nodes and links, GNNs offer a promising solution for distributed and scalable routing optimization. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest research on GNN-based routing methods, categorizing them into supervised learning for network modeling, supervised learning for routing optimization, and reinforcement learning for dynamic routing tasks. We also present a detailed analysis of existing datasets, tools, and benchmarking practices. Key challenges related to scalability, real-world deployment, explainability, and security are discussed, alongside future research directions that involve federated learning, self-supervised learning, and online learning techniques to further enhance GNN applicability. This study serves as the first comprehensive survey of GNNs for routing optimization, aiming to inspire further research and practical applications in future communication networks.
Artificial Intelligence and Enterprise Green Innovation: Intrinsic Mechanisms and Heterogeneous Effects
Authors: Li Dongwei , Xiao Jing , Yang Fangfang
Published: October 2024

Enterprise green innovation (EGI) has become an essential measure for manufacturing enterprises to achieve sustainable development, and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) may become a new driving solution. This study empirically analyzes the impact and internal transmission mechanism of AI on EGI of Chinese manufacturing listed enterprises from 2010 to 2022. Research has found that (1) AI significantly impacts EGI, and this basic conclusion has passed various endogeneity and robustness tests. (2) The mechanism test results indicate that enterprise technological capability, innovation investment, and executives’ environmental awareness significantly mediate between AI and EGI. (3) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the significant positive impact of AI on EGI is only established in enterprises with overseas backgrounds, large-scale, highly competitive regional markets, and low-carbon pilot cities. The above conclusions have contributed essentially to the literature on EGI and AI.
Assessing the Co-Exposure Patterns of Volatile Organic Compounds and the Risk of Hyperuricemia: An Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2012
Authors: Zhao Xue , Ding Haiyan , Qin Jian , An Shuli , Li Shuangshuang , He Hongqi , Zhou Linwei , Gong Xinjie , Chu Xia
Published: October 2024

Background: Co-exposure to multiple volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is common in daily life. However, few studies have evaluated the associations between the patterns of simultaneous exposure to multiple VOCs and the risk of hyperuricemia. Methods: This study included 7490 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2003 and 2012. The K-means clustering method was applied to cluster eight kinds of VOCs in the blood into various co-exposure patterns, including benzene, bromodichloromethane, chloroform, dibromochloromethane, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), and o-xylene. Binary logistic regression analysis was utilized to assess the association between single VOCs, the co-exposure patterns of multiple VOCs, and the hyperuricemia risk. Restricted cubic spline functions were utilized to investigate the non-linear relationships. Results: Based on eight VOCs, four characteristic co-exposure patterns were generated. Compared with the low-level exposure group, the levels of volatile organic compound (VOC) co-exposure in cluster 2, characterized by relatively high levels of MTBE and moderate levels of bromodichloromethane, chloroform, and dibromochloromethane, were associated with increased hyperuricemia risk, with an odds ratio of 1.32 (1.02, 1.71). Increasing levels of bromodichloromethane and chloroform were significantly associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia. A strong J-shaped relationship was found between MTBE and hyperuricemia. Conclusions: This study indicated that blood bromodichloromethane and chloroform were positively associated with hyperuricemia risk. Blood MTBE had a J-shaped association with hyperuricemia. In addition, the significant association of the co-exposure patterns of multiple VOCs in the blood with hyperuricemia risk was observed. Changing VOC co-exposure patterns may play a crucial role in the occurrence of hyperuricemia.
Cobalt-Doped Carbon Nitride for Efficient Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa via Peroxymonosulfate Activation
Authors: Yan Wen , Li Chuqiao , Meng Yunjuan , Yue Yao , Wen Teer , Ding Jiafeng , Zhang Hangjun
Published: October 2024

Heterogeneous persulfate activation is an advanced technology for treating harmful algae in drinking water sources, while it remains a significant hurdle in the efficient management of cyanobacterial blooms. In this study, super-dispersed cobalt-doped carbon nitride (2CoCN) was prepared to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for simultaneous Microcystis aeruginosa inhibition and microcystin (MC-LR) degradation. When the initial PMS and 2CoCN concentrations were 0.3 g/L and 0.4 g/L, respectively, the efficiency of algal cell removal reached 97% in 15 min, and the degradation of MC-LR reached 96%. Analyses by SEM, TEM, and EEM spectra revealed that the reaction led to changes in algal cell morphology, damage to the cell membrane and cell wall, and the diffusion of thylakoid membranes and liposomes. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and antioxidants (glutathione) in algal cells generally increased, and the content of malondialdehyde increased, indicating severe damage to the cell membrane. Radical capture experiments confirmed that singlet oxygen (1O₂) was the key species destroying algal cells in the 2CoCN/PMS system. The 2CoCN/PMS system was effective in removing M. aeruginosa within a wide pH range (3–9), and 2CoCN had good reusability. Additionally, three degradation products of MC-LR were identified by LC–MS/MS analysis, and a possible mechanism for the inactivation of M. aeruginosa and the degradation of MC-LR was proposed. In conclusion, this study pioneered the 2CoCN/PMS system for inhibiting M. aeruginosa and degrading microcystin, aiming to advance water purification and algae removal technology.
Insights into the Nitrogen Removal Mechanism of Heterotrophic Nitrification and Aerobic Denitrification Bacterium Delfitia sp. B7
Authors: Ouyang Liao , Zhang Wenxuan , Chen Xianglan , Huang Qiang , Wang Huan , Li Shuangfei
Published: October 2024

The investigation of metabolic pathways and regulatory mechanisms in newly discovered species can offer valuable insights into the nitrogen removal function of heterotrophic nitrification–aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) bacteria. To investigate the nitrogen removal mechanism of a new genus, Delftia, we analyzed the complete genome, metabolic pathways, and the related genes of Delftia sp. B7. We further examined the nitrogen removal capacity of Delftia sp. B7 under various nitrogen sources and real wastewater. Our results demonstrate the presence of several genes in Delftia sp. B7, including narGHI, nasAB, nirK, nirS, nirBD, norBC, nosZ, nxrAB, gdhA, glnA, gltBD, amt, and nrt. These genes encode enzymes that facilitate ammonia assimilation, assimilatory nitrate reduction to nitrite, HN-AD, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction (DNRA) in Delftia sp. B7. Specifically, we propose an HN-AD pathway in Delftia sp. B7, NH4+-N → NH2OH → NO2−-N → NO3−-N → NO2−-N → NO → N2O → N2, which accounts for the majority of nitrogen removal. Here, the transformation of NH4+-N to NO2−-N was achieved by unknown enzymes or by another pathway. When treating municipal wastewater, Delftia sp. B7 was able to remove 45.62 ± 1.29% of TN. These findings provide a theoretical basis for utilizing microbial resources to mitigate nitrogen contamination.
Components of the hr management process of a medical organization
Authors:   State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Kamchatka Region «Petropavlovsk- Kamchatsky City Emergency Medical Station», Perminova S. A. , Muntyan I. A. ,   Higher Education «Samara State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Successful development of any sphere of human activity is unthinkable in modern society without management. The implementation of management goals and objectives is carried out through personnel policy, which is a strategic line of behavior in working with personnel. In the healthcare system, an important role is assigned to the mid-level medical worker, therefore, personnel development management is recognized throughout the world as a priorit y task of management in the field of nursing. Target. To study and analyze the process of professional selection, training and management of nursing personnel. Results. The aspects of selection of nursing personnel were studied, the level of quality of knowledge obtained by nursing personnel and the degree of their application in practical activities were determined, the features of the organizational activities of nursing service managers were identified. Conclusion. Trained medical personnel should take a place in accordance with the needs of national health care and taking into account the personal interests and needs of the medical workers themselves. This can be achieved with the appropriate organization of the personnel management process, when specialists will find adequate use for their qualifications in the system.
Risk groups of HIV infection among the population of the Omsk region
Authors:   «Omsk State Medical Universit y» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Omsk, Russia, Puzyreva L. V. , Balabokhina M. V. ,   Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Omsk, Russia, Nazarova O. I. ,   Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Omsk, Russia
Published: October 2024

The peculiarities of the course of the epidemic process of HIV infection, including the formation of certain risk groups by gender, age and social status, are relevant, as they allow the development of specific preventive measures. The aim is to identify risk groups for HIV infection among the population of the Omsk region in 1996–2023. Data from the main statistical reporting forms, the Federal Register of Persons Infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and the results of epidemiological investigations were used for the analysis. The analysis made it possible to establish the main trends in the development of the epidemic process of HIV infection in the Omsk region. The general trend of decreasing morbidity has been revealed, which coincides with that in the Russian Federation, primarily due to the large volume of preventive measures carried out. Changes in the characteristics of the risk groups of infection have been established — the contingents of injecting drug users and men who have sex with men, prevailing at an early stage of the epidemic, have been replaced by persons who became sexually infected from individuals of the opposite sex. At the same time, the proportion of infected women approached that of men. This entailed the risk of perinatal transmission of HIV infection. The introduction of mandatory screening for HIV infection markers in pregnant women and the implementation of antiretroviral prophylaxis has reduced the number of cases of perinatal infection of newborns to a minimum. An increase in the share of the rural population in the total structure of newly diagnosed people with HIV infection may indicate both lower awareness of this problem and shortcomings in the provision of medical care, its lower accessibility compared to the urban population. The prevalence in the structure of HIV-infected people who are not engaged in work indicates that the most socially unprotected contingents are involved in the epidemic process, as a rule, they are not ready to take care of their own health and the health of others, often leading an antisocial lifestyle. Thus, HIV infection in the Omsk region remains one of the priority epidemiological problems requiring the formation of an integrated approach to its solution. The conducted research made it possible to identify the main risk groups for HIV infection, in relation to which targeted preventive strategies should be applied.
Análise da Resolução nº 525/2023 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça e implementação de política pública voltada à promoção da equidade de gênero nos tribunais à luz da Sociologia da Ação Pública
Authors: Martins Marcella Zarattini
Published: October 2024

Considerando a baixa representatividade feminina no Poder Judiciário, especialmente nos cargos mais altos da carreira, o estudo pretende analisar a Resolução nº 525 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça como política pública implementada com a finalidade de corrigir a disparidade em questão. Para tanto, serão analisados os números envolvidos na problemática e a ação afirmativa à luz da sociologia da ação pública, em especial da doutrina de Yannick Barthe. Desse modo, observa-se que a política em questão atendeu a todas as fases propostas pelo referido autor, o que permite concluir que a sua teoria se confirmou no caso concreto e tem reais perspectivas de sucesso.
Benefícios da estimulação precoce em crianças na primeira infância com deficiência e o trabalho do profissional AEE
Authors: Moscope Liliane Maier R.
Published: October 2024

O objetivo principal deste artigo é analisar os sinais e fatores que afetam e/ou influenciam no desenvolvimento infantil nos primeiros anos de vida. Tem como objetivo também mostrar os benefícios da estimulação precoce e demonstrar a importância do trabalho dos profissionais, que atuam em diferentes áreas e auxiliam na atenuação de diversos problemas que comprometem o desenvolvimento infantil. O artigo também reflete sobre o fortalecimento das relações entre pais e filhos, relação que é fundamental nos casos de crianças diagnosticadas com patologias de risco ou são portadoras de alguma necessidade especial, demonstra também, o quanto é de extrema importância este trabalho em conjunto para que o processo de estimulação como um todo tenha êxito e que é possível independente da deficiência, a criança estimulada adquirir sua autonomia.
Doença de Kawasaki: relato de caso e correlação com a prematuridade
Authors: Pena Isabella Miotto , Silva João Gabriel Matos Moreno da , Burin Francis Xaubet , Guarese Ana Gabrielle Lima , Amaral Letícia Laranjeiras , Chagas Helena de Souza
Published: October 2024

No Brasil e no mundo, a prematuridade ainda possui taxas elevadas de ocorrência, causando maior suscetibilidade na infância a diversas doenças. Dentre elas, a Doença de Kawasaki (DK) merece destaque, pois é uma é uma patologia presente na população pediátrica com complicações graves, a qual não possui bem elucidado seus fatores de risco. Portanto, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de descrever um caso de DK em um paciente pediátrico com histórico de prematuridade e discutir essa condição como possível fator de risco para a doença. Foi realizada uma pesquisa em 3 etapas: na primeira realizou-se o relato do caso médico, na segunda houve uma revisão dos conceitos de Doença de Kawasaki e prematuridade e na terceira uma busca de literatura para discussão da associação entre a condição e a patologia. Dessa forma, há pouca literatura médica em que uma relação direta entre os fatores é estudada, porém existe uma probabilidade considerável que a prematuridade seja um fator de risco para a doença, baseado principalmente na hipótese imunológica e na da microbiota intestinal. Assim, conclui-se que apesar da prematuridade representar um grande problema de saúde pública brasileiro e estar relacionada a diversas doenças da infância, ainda não há estudos suficientes que comprovem sua ligação direta com a DK.
Prática da consulta farmacêutica e o cuidado farmacêutico à pacientes atendidos por graduandos do curso de farmácia: relato de experiência exitosa
Authors: Santana Claudinei Alves , Rennó Verônica de Franco , Costa Bárbara Clementino da , Paca Katerine Gabriela Apaza , Sousa Hailla Gabriely Lopes , Mata Marina Candido da , Castro Pedro Galdiano de
Published: October 2024

Introdução. As Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis – DCNT, se apresentam como um desafio para os gestores e profissionais da saúde, e admitindo a importância em consolidar ações de educação em saúde, no dia 07 de abril, comemora-se o Dia Mundial da Saúde, em referência a criação da Organização Mundial de Saúde em 1948. No aspecto dos serviços farmacêuticos há necessidade do emprego da consulta farmacêutica e aprimoramento do cuidado farmacêutico destinados ao paciente, à família e à comunidade, visando à prevenção e resolução de problemas da farmacoterapia e ao uso racional dos medicamentos. Objetivo. Caracterizar a população atendida por graduandos em farmácia que participaram da consulta farmacêutica e receberam o cuidado farmacêutico em evento no dia 06 de abril de 2024 em comemoração ao Dia Mundial da Saúde no Centro Universitário Senac, unidade Tiradentes. Metodologia. Estudo descritivo quantitativo e analítico com indivíduos adultos que compareceram à sala para consulta farmacêutica e a prática do cuidado farmacêutico no dia 06 de abril de 2024 que participaram da triagem em testes de glicemia e aferição de pressão arterial. Resultados. Participaram das ações de consulta farmacêutica e cuidado farmacêutico 16 indivíduos, sendo 9 (56,3%) do sexo feminino, com idade mediana de 35 anos, e mínima de 18 e máxima de 67 anos. Na avaliação do perfil dos indivíduos em relação ao vínculo, 8 (53,0%) eram estudantes da Instituição de Ensino, 6 (40,0%) visitantes e 1 (6,7%) funcionário, sendo 75% dos indivíduos pessoas com diabetes e/ou hipertensão. Conclusão. A formação dos alunos no ensino superior, especificamente os farmacêuticos, requer aproximação e aplicação dos conhecimentos adquiridos para promoção da melhoria da qualidade de vida da população. Sendo assim, as Instituição de Ensino necessitam garantir ambientes para atender esta demanda.
محددات سياسة توزيع الأرباح في السوق المالية السعودية
Authors: سلامة حسين محمد , الزعبي بشار عبدالرحيم , طويرش عبدالله عويد
Published: October 2024

تناول البحث - بالدراسة والتحليل - اختبار أثر مجموعة من العوامل المحددة، لسياسة توزيع الأرباح في الشركات المساهمة المدرجة في السوق المالية السعودية، (مستثنيا منها شركات القطاع المالي). ولتحقيق أهداف هذا البحث، فقد اتبع الباحثون المنهج التحليلي، وفق نموذج؛ اعتمد المتغيرات المستقلة المالية التالية مثل: (الأصول الملموسة، الرفع المالي، الحجم، المخاطرة، الرِبحية، السيولة، النمو)، والمتغير التابع لتوزيعات السهم . تكونت عينة الدراسة من (27) سبع وعشرين شركة مساهمة، توافرت عنها البيانات المتماثلة من مجموع (92) اثنتين وتسعين شركة مساهمة، تكون محفظة السوق المالية السعودية للفترة من: (2004 – 2009)، وبذلك توافر أمام الباحثين (162) مائة وست وعشرون مشاهدة رقمية؛ لغرض التحليل والاستنتاج، تم ترتيبها في لوحة البيانات (Panel Data). وفي ضوء هذه الدراسة توصل الباحثون إلى جملة استنتاجات أهمها: 1- التأثير السلبي لبعض العوامل على توزيعات الأرباح في الشركات المساهمة السعودية، مثل: (الرفع المالي والمخاطرة). 2- التأثير الإيجابي لبعض العوامل على توزيعات الأرباح في الشَّركات المساهمة السعودية مثل: (الربحية والحجم والنمو). 3- عدم تأثير بعض العوامل على توزيعات الأرباح في الشركات المساهمة السعودية مثل: (الأصول الملموسة والسيولة). 4- تأثير متغيرات النموذج مجتمعة في صياغة سياسة توزيعات الأرباح وتفسر ما نسبته 36.5%. وأخيرا نجد أن العوامل المحددة لسياسة التوزيعات في الدول المتطورة يمكن استخدامها في الدول النامية.
دراسة مقارنة لأثر استخدام مقاييس الأداء التقليدية ومقاييس القيمة الاقتصادية المضافة على أسعار الأسهم
Authors: الشيخ عماد يوسف
Published: October 2024

هدف هذا البحث بشكل أساسي إلى قياس العلاقة بين المقاييس المحاسبية للأداء التقليدية، مقياس العائد على الأصول Return on Assets (ROA) والعائد على حقوق الملكية Return on Equity (ROE)، وحصة السهم من الأرباح Earning Per Share (EPS) وتأثيرها على القيمة السوقية لأسعار الأسهم من جهة، وقياس العلاقة بين مقياس القيمة الاقتصادية المضافة Economic Value Added (EVA) وتأثيره على القيمة السوقية لأسعار الأسهم، ولقد استخدمت الأساليب الإحصائية المناسبة لاختبار الفرضيات التي استند عليها البحث. توصل البحث إلى وجود علاقة ما بين مقاييس الأداء التقليدية وبين السعر السوقي للسهم وبدرجات مختلفة، وتبين وجود علاقة ما بين مقياس القيمة الاقتصادية المضافة والسعر السوقي للسهم، إلا أن درجة تأثير مقياس القيمة الاقتصادية المضافة أكبر من تأثير مقاييس الأداء التقليدية، وأن سعر السهم السوقي أكثر ارتباطاً بمقياس القيمة الاقتصادية المضافة منه بمقاييس الأداء التقليدية.
فعالية التدقيق الثنائي المشترك في تعزيز جودة الإفصاح في التقارير السنوية للشركات الكويتية المدرجة بسوق الكويت للأوراق المالية
Authors: الفريح مشاري محمد , العنزي فيصل صبار
Published: October 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان العلاقة بين مستوى الإفصاح في التقارير السنوية للشركات الكويتية المدرجة في سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية وبين متطلبات التدقيق المشترك على مستوى الإفصاح في هذه الشركات. نتائج الدراسة أظهرت أن متوسط متطلبات الإفصاح الإجباري لجميع الشركات المدرجة في سوق الكويت للأوراق المالية لعام 2006 بلغ 72.6% وهذا يعنى أن الشركات المدرجة في البورصة لم تمتثل امتثالا تاما لجميع متطلبات الإفصاح الإجباري ورصدت تباينات كبيرة في مستوى الإفصاح بين الشركات. تم استخدام أسلوب العينة الثابتة لمقارنة مستوى الإفصاح قبل و بعد إقرار قانون التدقيق المشترك. نتائج المقارنة أظهرت أن متوسط متطلبات الإفصاح الإجباري بلغت نسبتها 78% لعام 2006 بالمقارنة بعام 1994 حيث بلغت نسبتها 75%, بمعدل زيادة قدرها 4% خلال 12 سنة. نتائج هذه الدراسة من المحتمل أن تثير تساؤلات حول مدى جدوى الاعتماد على اثنين من مراجعي الحسابات الخارجيين في تدقيق حسابات الشركات وما يرتبط بها من زيادة في تكاليف التدقيق.
The role of startups in economic development (Algeria case study)
Authors: Ouamer Nadia Ahmed
Published: October 2024

The term "economic development" is associated with the standard of living, wealth and employment opportunities in the selected geographical location. The economic situation is analyzed, both at the macro and micro level, in relation to a particular area. In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in the role of small businesses, especially "startups", in large-scale economic development efforts. Many governments are starting to see growth-oriented small businesses as a way to stimulate economic revitalization. In this paper, we will examine the crucial role of startups in Algeria's economic development. The research includes the definition of these institutions and their economic and social impact . We delve into the factors of their success and the challenges they face. We also study some successful companies in Algeria .This research gives an overview of the emerging institutions in Algeria, providing valuable insights for policymakers, academics, and business professionals.
UM OLHAR AOS NÚCLEOS TEMÁTICOS EM AVALIAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA QUE EMERGIRAM DOS TRABALHOS DO XIV ENEM, IX CIBEM E VIII SIPEM
Authors: Lima Reinaldo Feio , GIORDANO CASSIO CRISTIANO , Gontijo Cleyton Hércules
Published: October 2024

Nesse artigo analisamos os núcleos temáticos de três eventos considerados de grande relevância pela Sociedade Brasileira de Educação Matemática (SBEM) para o desenvolvimento do ensino e da aprendizagem matemática em nosso país: os processos avaliativos. Os eventos em questão são as últimas edições do Encontro Nacional de Educação Matemática (ENEM), do Seminário Internacional de Pesquisa em Educação Matemática (SIPEM) e do Congresso Ibero-americano de Educação Matemática (CIBEM). Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma investigação de natureza exploratória quanto ao objetivo, de cunho bibliográfico quanto ao procedimento técnico, por meio da qual buscamos responder à questão de pesquisa: “Que núcleos temáticos da pesquisa em Avaliação Matemática emergem dos trabalhos publicados nos anais do XIV ENEM, IX CIBEM e VIII SIPEM?” O material analítico abrange 26 trabalhos disponibilizados nos sites dos eventos sobre Avaliação Matemática. De modo geral, os resultados apontam que ainda há muito o que avançar nas pesquisas acerca dos processos avaliativos no que diz respeito ao ensino e à aprendizagem matemática, bem como na criação de políticas públicas educacionais mais eficazes, que contemplem tanto aspectos formativos quanto diagnósticos, apontando caminhos para transformações educacionais mais profundas em médio e longo prazo.
Palavras-chave: Avaliação. Núcleos Temáticos em Educação Matemática. Encontro Nacional de Educação Matemática (ENEM). Seminário Internacional de Pesquisa em Educação Matemática (SIPEM). Congresso Ibero-americano de Educação Matemática (CIBEM).
A PROVA ESCRITA COMO INSTRUMENTO AVALIATIVO: DISCUTINDO UMA EXPERIÊNCIA NO CONTEXTO DA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL EM MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Fajardo Ricardo , Roesler Luersen Vieira Lopes Anemari , Santos Caroline dos , Klein Maiara Luisa
Published: October 2024

O trabalho aqui apresentado tem como objetivo discutir sobre a avaliação no curso de Licenciatura em Matemática a partir da experiência de organização de um de seus instrumentos, a prova escrita, por meio das percepções de acadêmicos. Entendendo que é importante propiciar espaços de reflexões sobre a avaliação na formação inicial de futuros professores, organizou-se uma atividade formativa na disciplina de Matemática Financeira de um Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, que consistiu na elaboração de uma avaliação pelos próprios estudantes da disciplina. A partir dessa vivência, eles foram convidados a responder um questionário que foi analisado a partir de três categorias: 1) As avaliações nas disciplinas no Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática; 2) A experiência da disciplina de Matemática Financeira; 3) Possíveis impactos da experiência nas aprendizagens para a docência. Com base nos dados, destaca-se que esta experiência foi considerada diferenciada no processo de formação dos estudantes, evidenciando-se: importância da interação entre os sujeitos; vivências e instrumentos distintos para contribuir com a prática na futura atuação do professor; e relevância da avaliação como processo formativo. Considera-se, portanto, que uma prova escrita pode ser instrumento de uma avaliação formativa, quando promove reflexões que levem à aprendizagem do estudante.
Palavras-chave: Avaliação Formativa. Prova Escrita. Formação de professores. Ensino de Matemática. Ensino e aprendizagem. Aprendizagem para a docência.
“COMO FAÇO COM A NOTA DELE, EU DOU A MÉDIA?” UM MANIFESTO SOBRE A AVALIAÇÃO ESCOLAR NA/E PARA A INCLUSÃO
Authors: Dias Pereira Daniele , Kistemann Junior Marco Aurélio , Novôa Vaz Rafael Filipe
Published: October 2024

Este artigo é um ensaio, que apresenta cinco cenários, sendo quatro de discussão e o cenário final, referente às conclusões, que buscam revelar a complexidade de reformular as práticas avaliativas na educação matemática dentro de um contexto de inclusão escolar, destacando a necessidade de abordagens educacionais que se ajustem às necessidades específicas dos alunos. Enfatiza-se a importância de transcender as práticas avaliativas tradicionais, que frequentemente se limitam à mensuração dos conhecimentos adquiridos, negligenciando o acompanhamento do desenvolvimento e evolução do educando. Inspirado nas contribuições de diversos pesquisadores, o texto defende a avaliação como um processo contínuo, capaz de orientar decisões estratégicas para promover um aprendizado satisfatório. Destaca-se a necessidade de desmantelar concepções tradicionais sobre avaliação, adotando uma prática equitativa e reflexiva que acompanhe a evolução individual do estudante de forma genuinamente inclusiva e dialógica. O texto ainda aborda a importância de promover diálogos sobre diferenças e diversidade, assegurando que os sistemas de ensino se estruturem para garantir acesso, participação e aprendizagem inclusivos, contribuindo significativamente para a construção do conhecimento matemático dos educandos.
Palavras-chave: Avaliação; Exame; Inclusão; Perspectiva Investigativa e Ipsativa
UMA FÓRMULA EXPLÍCITA PARA OS NÚMEROS DE STIRLING DO PRIMEIRO TIPO ATRAVÉS DE PARTIÇÕES INTEIRAS
Authors: De Freitas Pinheiro Gabriel , Magalhães Craveiro Irene
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma fórmula explícita para os números de Stirling do primeiro tipo e prová-la por meio de argumentos de contagem. Isso só é possível porque esses números têm um forte apelo combinatório, já que podemos defini-los como o número de maneiras de distribuir n pessoas em torno de k mesas circulares idênticas, sem deixar nenhuma mesa vazia. Para estabelecer a prova do teorema principal, exploraremos algumas identidades envolvendo os números de Stirling do primeiro tipo com o coeficiente binomial, bem como introduziremos o conceito de particionamento de inteiros positivos e o utilizaremos como principal ferramenta para argumentos combinatórios na prova do resultado principal. Adicionalmente, provaremos novas identidades e outras encontradas na literatura por meio deste teorema.