bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significance of hafnium nanoparticles in hydromagnetic non-Newtonian fluid-particle suspension model through divergent channel with uniform heat source: thermal analysis
Authors: Saleem Salman , Nazeer Mubbashar , Radwan Neyara , Abutuqayqah Hajar
Published: February 2024

This theoretical analysis provided the exact solution of a steady flow of Casson rheological fluid in fluid-particle suspension models through a divergent channel with consideration of porous medium, electric, and magnetic fields, and slip boundary conditions. The thermal transport analysis is also observed with the consideration of viscous dissipation and uniform heat source. The suitable transformation is used to reduce the partial differential equation into ordinary differential equations and obtain the exact solution by adopting the mathematical software MATHEMATICA 12.0. The momentum and thermal profiles are decreasing functions of the magnetic field parameter. The number of streamlines is increased and covers more parts of the channel for increasing the Darcy force and velocity slip parameters. The computational results of this study will help to understand the momentum and thermal analysis in the fluid-particle suspension model. The results of the current study are useful to increase the oil recovery system, in thermal transport energy, energy production, cooling and heating systems, etc. The current model can be useful in renewable energy to store thermal energy by using the hafnium nanoparticles. The present analysis is original and has not been submitted nor published before.
Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics investigations of polypyrrole and polyaniline composites with Oryza sativa biomass for the removal of Nitenpyram insecticide
Authors: Asghar Rabia , Bhatti Haq Nawaz , Khan Amina , Al-Fawzan Foziah F. , Iqbal Munawar
Published: February 2024

In this research, composite materials were prepared by combining polypyrrole (PPY) and polyaniline (PAN) with Oryza sativa (OS). These biocomposites were utilized for the adsorption of Nitenpyram (insecticide), from aqueous solutions. The study involved the optimization of various process variables including contact time, pH, adsorbent dose and initial Nitenpyram concentration. The maximum sorption efficiency of OS for Nitenpyram was observed at pH 2, biosorbent dose of 0.05 g, an initial Nitenpyram concentration of 125 mg/L and contact time of 30 min. To analyze the Nitenpyram adsorption process, the adsorption data for OS and its composites (OS-PPY and OS-PAN) were subjected to equilibrium isotherms and kinetics models (pseudo-first and pseudo-second-orders). The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order explained the Nitenpyram adsorption data. Furthermore, the feasibility of the adsorption was evaluated by employing thermodynamic studies. The outcomes of the study demonstrated the promising efficiency of the synthesized biocomposites for Nitenpyram removal, which was 37.03, 43.0 and 35.71 (mg/g) in the case of OS, OS-PPY and OS-PAN composites. These findings suggest that the composites have promising potential for the removal of pesticides from wastewater, contributing to the development of effective strategies for environmental remediation.
Comportamiento postcosecha de frutos de jaltomate (Jaltomata procumbes) en dos fechas de cosecha
Authors: Franco Mora Omar , Sorto R. Adan E. , Martínez Mendoza Abygail Adarely , Sánchez Pale Jesús Ricardo , Castañeda Vildózola Álvaro
Published: February 2024

El jaltomate (Jaltomata procumbes (Cav.) J.L. Gentry) es una especie nativa de México que crece tolerada, principalmente en milpas de maíz. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar aspectos de la calidad de cosecha y comportamiento postcosecha de frutos de jaltomate cosechados en octubre y noviembre de 2019. En la postcosecha se aplicó una cobertura comestible previo al almacenamiento a 4 °C o 20 °C. A la cosecha, los frutos de noviembre presentaron cinco unidades de luminosidad más y, posteriormente, dependiendo del tratamiento, presentaron de 2 d a 3 d más de vida postcosecha, en comparación con los frutos de octubre. La refrigeración a 4 °C incrementó 2 d el periodo de almacenamiento, sin generar daños por frío; los frutos de noviembre refrigerados a 4 °C alcanzaron 7 d de almacenamiento.
Tracking Body Composition Over a Competitive Season in Elite Soccer Players Using Laboratory- and Field-Based Assessment Methods
Authors: Bongiovanni Tindaro , Lacome Mathieu , Rodriguez Christian , Tinsley Grant M.
Published: February 2024

Bongiovanni, T, Lacome, M, Rodriguez, C, and Tinsley, GM. Tracking body composition over a competitive season in elite soccer players using laboratory- and field-based assessment methods. J Strength Cond Res 38(3): e104–e115, 2024—The purpose of this study was to describe body composition changes in professional soccer players over the course of a competitive playing season and compare the ability of different assessment methods to detect changes. Twenty-one elite male soccer players (age: 23.7 ± 4.8 years; height: 185.0 ± 5.2 cm; body mass: 80.7 ± 5.5 kg; body fat: 12.8 ± 2.2%) playing for an Italian national second league (Serie B) championship team were assessed at 4 time points throughout a competitive season: T0 (mid-October), T1 (mid-December), T2 (mid-February), and T3 (end of April). Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), skinfolds (SKF), and bioelectrical impedance analysis were performed at each time point, and multiple SKF-based equations were applied. A modified 4-compartment (4C) model was also produced. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance, relevant post hoc tests, and Pearson's correlations. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, 4C, and the SKF-based equations of Reilly and Civar detected differences in fat-free mass (FFM) between time points, with the most differences observed for DXA. Fat-free mass increased from T0 values to a peak at T2, followed by a decrease by T3, although FFM values remained higher than T0. Fat-free mass gain was primarily driven by increases in the lower limbs. Fat-free mass changes between all methods were significantly correlated, with correlation coefficients of 0.70–0.97. No significant differences between time points were observed for absolute fat mass or body fat percentage, although significant correlations between several methods for change values were observed. Select laboratory and field methods can detect changes in FFM over the course of a season in elite, professional soccer athletes, with a more limited ability to detect changes in adiposity-related variables. For SKF in this population, the equation of Reilly is recommended.
Self-Massage Acute Effects on Pressure Pain Threshold, Muscular Electrical Activity, and Muscle Force Production: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Furlan Matheus R. , Machado Esthevan , do Nascimento Petter Gustavo , Barbosa Igor M. , Geremia Jeam M. , Glänzel Marcelo H.
Published: February 2024

Furlan, MR, Machado, E, Petter, GdN, Barbosa, IM, Geremia, JM, and Glänzel, MH. Self-massage acute effects on pressure pain threshold, muscular electrical activity, and muscle force production: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 38(3): 620–635, 2024—Self-massage (SM) is often used in physiotherapy and sports training programs. However, the SM acute effects on pressure pain threshold (PPT), muscle electrical activity (MEA), and muscle force production remain unclear. A meta-analytical review was performed to verify the SM acute effects on neuromuscular responses in healthy adults or athletes. The review (CRD42021254656) was performed in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. A synthesis of the included studies was performed, and both the risk of bias and the evidence certainty level were assessed through the PEDro scale and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach, respectively. Nineteen studies were included, 5 evaluated the PPT, 7 the thigh muscles' MEA, and 15 the lower-limb strength. The SM application induces moderate increases in quadriceps' PPT (5 studies; standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.487; 95% CI 0.251–0.723; p < 0.001; I
2 = 0%). We found no SM effects on the hamstrings and plantar flexors' MEA. Also, we observed small increases in knee extensors' concentric torque (2 studies; SMD: 0.288; 95% CI 0.088–0.489; p = 0.005; I
2 = 0%), without effects in isometric muscle strength, eccentric torque, and rate of force development. Grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation analysis showed high and low certainty levels for the SM effects on quadriceps' PPT and muscle strength, respectively. Self-massage pressure-volume application seems to be a determining factor in inducing changes in these parameters, and it may vary among the treated muscles, where a higher pressure-volume application is required for increasing knee flexors and plantar flexors' PPT and strength. Thus, new studies with better methodological quality should be performed to strengthen this evidence.
Elevated-Temperature Properties of Basic-Oxygen Steel
Authors: Spaeder C. E.
Published: February 2024

This symposium was presented during the National Meeting on Steel held in Mexico City, Mexico, Jan. 24–29, 1965, under the sponsorship of Committee A-1 on Steel.
X-Ray Emission Wavelengths and Kev Tables for Nondiffractive Analysis
Authors: Johnson G. G. , White E. W.
Published: February 2024

Recently developed, high-resolution X-ray detectors such as lithium-drifted silicon and germanium have resulted in widespread application of nondiffractive (also called nondispersive) analysis as an alternative or complementary technique to X-ray emission spectrography (X-ray fluorescence analysis). This table has been prepared for use in nondiffractive analyses. All the X-ray emission lines shorter than 50 Å* have been tabulated in two basic arrangements. The first section of the table is a compilation of each line for each element arranged on the basis of increasing atomic number and increasing wavelength (decreasing energy) for the lines of each element. The second section of the table lists all the X-ray lines ordered on the basis of increasing wavelength (decreasing energy) regardless of element.
Evaluation of the Elevated Temperature Tensile and Creep-Rupture Properties of 3 to 9 Percent Chromium-Molybdenum Steels
Authors: Smith G. V.
Published: February 2024

This book represents a part of a continuing effort by The Metal Properties Council on behalf of the engineering community. Individuals and organizations generating additional information concerning the materials evaluated in this report, or in others in this series, are urged to make these data available to the Council for incorporation in future revisions. Address the Council at: The United Engineering Center, 345 East 47th St., New York, N.Y. 10017.
Evaluations of the Elevated Temperature Tensilde and Creep-Rupture Properties of 12 to 27 Percent Chromium Steels
Authors: Smith G. V.
Published: February 2024

Evaluations of the static elevated temperature strength properties of some 25 ferfous alloys containing about 12 to 27 percent chromium (Cr) are reported. The principal objective of the evaluations was to develop best estimates for the temperature variation of the basic properties — yield, tensile, rupture and creep strengths — that are required for establishing allowable stresses for the power generation and process industries.
Evaluation of the Elevated Temperature Tensile and Creep-Rupture Properties of 1/2Cr-1/2Mo, ICR-1/2Mo, and I1/4Cr-1/2MO-Si Steels
Authors: Smith G. V.
Published: February 2024

This report evaluates the elevated temperature strength and ductility of three low chromium-molybdenum steels that find extensive service at moderately elevated temperatures--up to perhaps 1100°F. Included in the evaluations are previously unpublished test results gathered by the Metal Properties Council, as well as test results previously published in ASTM Data Series DS 6 (1953) (1) and DS 6S1 (1966) (2).
Nuclear Reactor Neutron Energy Spectra
Authors: Serpan C. Z. , Menke B. H.
Published: February 2024

Studies of the effects resulting from exposure of materials to neutron bombardment in nuclear reactors can be made much more quantitative if the energy-level distribution of the neutrons is known. Such a distribution is commonly called a neutron spectrum. The neutron energies range from as low as 1 × 10−10 MeV in the thermal-neutron region, to over 18 MeV in the fast region. This extremely wide range can be conveniently handled, however, using a system of 25 or even fewer groups each defining a precise energy range, with the neutron population within those energy bounds being tabulated as the neutron spectrum.
Radiation Effects Information Generated on the ASTM Reference Correlation-Monitor Steels
Authors: Hawthorne J. R.
Published: February 2024

This volume is yet another splendid example of scientific and engineering progress that can be achieved through voluntary cooperation. It is typical of the programs conducted under the auspices of ASTM which lead to the world respected voluntary consensus ASTM standards.
Interlaboratory Cooperative Study of the Precision and Accuracy of the Determination of the Relative Density of Black Smoke
Authors: Howes J. E. , Pesut R. N. , Foster J. F.
Published: February 2024

In 1971 in recognition of the important relationship between the measurement and the effective control of air pollution, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) initiated a pioneering program, designated Project Threshold, to validate methods for measuring contaminants in the ambient atmosphere and in source emissions. The first phase of the program was devoted to evaluation of methods for measuring the content of nitrogen dioxide (D 1607-69), sulfur dioxide (D 2914-70T), dustfall (D 1739-70) total sulfation (D 2010-65), particulate matter (D 1704-61), and lead (D 3112) in the atmosphere(1-5).
Interlaboratory Coopertative Study of the Precision and Accuracy of the Measurement of Total Sulfation in the Atmosphere
Authors: Foster J. F. , Beatty G. H. , Howes J. E.
Published: February 2024

This report presents the results obtained from an experimental study of the variability inherent in measurements of total sulfation, using ASTM Method D 2010(1). The evaluation of Method D 2010 was performed as part of the first phase of Project Threshold, a comprehensive program to validate ASTM methods for measuring various atmospheric contaminants. In addition, methods for measuring the content of nitrogen dioxide (D 1607), sulfur dioxide (D 2914), lead (D 3112), dustfall (D 1739), and particulate matter (D 1704) in the atmosphere have also been evaluated during Phase 1.
Atlas of Odor Character Profiles
Authors: Dravnieks Andrew
Published: February 2024

This atlas is a result of the work of many individuals. Some of the following people were actively assisting throughout the project, in addition to organizing the profile data collection within their organizations: This atlas is a result of the work of many individuals. Some of the following people were actively assisting throughout the project, in addition to organizing the profile data collection within their organizations: Jarke, Frank H. IIT Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois 60616. Masurat, Thomas. Warner-Lambert Research Institute, Morris Plains, New Jersey 07950. McDaniel, Harry C. Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45224. McDaniel, Jerry W. Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio 45224. Meilgaard, Morten C. Stroh Brewery Company, Detroit, Michigan 48226. Powers, John J. Department of Food Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602. Warren, Craig B. International Flavors and Fragrances, Union Beach, New Jersey 07735 Withycombe, Donald A. International Flavors and Fragrances, Union Beach, New Jersey 07735.
Atmospheric Corrosion Investigation of Aluminum-Coated, Zinc-Coated, and Copper-Bearing Steel Wire and Wire Products
Authors: Sweet Beryle G. , Britton Thomas C.
Published: February 2024

Committee A5 on Metallic-Coated Iron and Steel Products was organized in 1907 to investigate the corrosion of iron and steel. In 1908, the Committee sponsored its first atmospheric exposure of metallic-coated wires to evaluate their corrosion resistance. Since this date, there have been a considerable number of test programs involving wire, sheet, and hardware. Of particular interest is the program initiated in 1936 and reported on in ASTM STP 290 entitled “Twenty-Year Atmospheric Corrosion Investigation of Zinc-Coated and Uncoated Wire and Wire Products” by Fred M. Reinhart.
Critical Heat Flux Densities and Characteristics of Heat Transfer during Film Boiling
Authors: Kobasko N. I. , Aronov M. A. , Powell J. A.
Published: February 2024

A common approach to determining if a quenchant will harden a particular alloy is to examine its cooling curve (time-temperature) and compare it to the TTT (time-temperature-transformation) diagram for the alloy of steel to be quenched. Cooling curves for liquid quenchants are generated by using a standard ∅12.5 × 60 mm Inconel alloy probe [1–5].
Steel Quenching in Liquid Media under Pressure
Authors: Kobasko N. I.
Published: February 2024

It has been shown in earlier chapters that during nonstationary nucleate boiling, a self-regulated thermal process occurs, where the surface temperature of a part to be quenched is kept above the saturation temperature. This provides an opportunity to greatly affect the martensite transformation process by either retarding or accelerating it. There are two methods available. The first is to use additional pressure to increase the boiling point of the boundary liquid layer. The second is to use high-concentration aqueous solutions of salts or alkalis where the saturation temperature is increased. The use of both approaches is effective when quenching high-carbon steels where the martensite start temperature MS is less than 200°C (that is, MS≤200°C).
Intensive Steel Quenching Methods
Authors: Kobasko N. I.
Published: February 2024

In the previous chapters, processes and their mathematical description that form a basis for the development of new intensive steel quenching methods have been considered. The primary concept of the new intensive quenching methods is to perform intensive cooling within the martensite transformation range of the steel of interest.
Review of Practical Applications of Intensive Quenching Methods
Authors: Aronov M. A. , Kobasko N. I. , Powell J. A.
Published: February 2024

In this chapter, different applications of intensive quenching (IQ) techniques on actual steel products, as well as on steel samples from the part manufacturers, are discussed. Two intensive water quenching methods were applied: the IQ-3 technique, also known as “direct convection cooling,” and the IQ-2 technique, a three-step quenching process that initially cools parts under the nucleate boiling mode and then the convection heat transfer mode. Experiments were conducted for a variety of steel products, including automotive parts (coil springs, kingpins, torsion bars, bearing products, ball studs, etc.), fasteners of different types, and tool products (punches, dies, die components, etc.).
Inverse Problems in Quench Process Design
Authors: Kobasko N. I. , Dobryvechir V. V.
Published: February 2024

A necessity of solving of inverse problems occurs in many branches of industry [1,2]. In general, inverse problems can be defined as problems where the cause is determined based on known results. For example, if four streams join to form a river and four factories are putting known amounts of a pollutant into the streams, it is easy to determine the resultant level of the pollutant in the river. This is a classic direct problem. However, a more difficult problem is to determine how much pollutant each factory introduces into each stream by knowing a total amount of the pollutant measured downstream of the place where the streams flow into the river. This is a classical inverse problem [3]. Obviously, to solve this inverse problem, it is not enough to know the total resultant pollutant. It is necessary to measure the pollution in the river closer to each of the streams.
Compaction of Sand at Resonant Frequency
Authors: Converse Frederick J.
Published: February 2024

The effects on the density of sand due to operating a surface vibrator at the resonant frequency of the vibrator-soil system are described. Experiments with a Lazan oscillator on a sand pit 10 ft square by 6 ft deep are outlined, and an empirical formula for predicting resonance, showing the effects of the various parameters, is presented. The results of check tests on beach sand at three sites and with different sizes of oscillators are given. The increases in density due to the operation of both large and small oscillators show that densities of from 90 to 95 per cent of a modified AASHO maximum density may be obtained in a few seconds to depths of twice the width of the oscillator.
Pilot Studies on Soil Dynamics
Authors: Bernhard R. K. , Finelli J.
Published: February 2024

The paper is subdivided into four parts: (I) Density and Compaction; (II) Propagation Velocity and Dynamic Moduli of Elasticity; (III) Viscosity, Damping, and Shear; and (IV) Response Curves and Critical Frequencies. In Part I the behavior of small particles under various types of loads is studied. Many of the statements are well known. It was felt, however, that a collection of theoretical and physical considerations would clarify some of the phenomena governing compaction procedures. The rather controversial question of maximum desirable or obtainable compaction is discussed. Some suggestions are made to grade subsoil components in such a form as to obtain optimum compaction. In Part II the determination of the dynamic moduli of elasticity of soils by means of propagation waves is discussed. The time difference between arrival of compression wave fronts at various points was used to calculate the wave velocity. Seismographs on the soil surface and pressure cells buried below the surface recorded the transmitted waves produced by impact blows. Comparison between static and dynamic moduli of elasticity are made and suggestions for further studies are advanced. In Part III a method for determining damping, viscosity, and shear modulus of soils is presented. An attempt was made to concentrate the shear effect on a small soil mass, that is, to a specimen as thin as possible. It is shown that the . vibrating system is nonlinear with respect to damping and elasticity. In other words, the familiar solutions for a linear system with viscous damping yielded erroneous results. A mathematical model taking into account slipping of the soil particles is suggested. Typical response curves for such a system are derived and compared with experimental values. In Part IV, experimental and theoretical investigations referring to a study on the vibrating soil-mass system are covered. Experimental data from several sources are compared with analytical data based on a theory advanced by E. Reissner. This investigation indicated that a simplified soil-mass system, when reduced to a finite soil mass with linear elastic and damping characteristics, will not suffice, whereas the assumption of an isotropic semi-infinite space, including the dispersion effect of propagation waves, seems to present the best approach toward a general solution.
DNA G-Quadruplex Is a Transcriptional Control Device That Regulates Memory
Authors: Marshall Paul R. , Davies Joshua , Zhao Qiongyi , Liau Wei-Siang , Lee Yujin , Basic Dean , Periyakaruppiah Ambika , Zajaczkowski Esmi L. , Leighton Laura J. , Madugalle Sachithrani U. , Musgrove Mason , Kielar Marcin , Brueckner Arie Maeve , Gong Hao , Ren Haobin , Walsh Alexander , Kaczmarczyk Lech , Jackson Walker S. , Chen Alon , Spitale Robert C. , Bredy Timothy W.
Published: February 2024

The conformational state of DNA fine-tunes the transcriptional rate and abundance of RNA. Here, we report that G-quadruplex DNA (G4-DNA) accumulates in neurons, in an experience-dependent manner, and that this is required for the transient silencing and activation of genes that are critically involved in learning and memory in male C57/BL6 mice. In addition, site-specific resolution of G4-DNA by dCas9-mediated deposition of the helicase DHX36 impairs fear extinction memory. Dynamic DNA structure states therefore represent a key molecular mechanism underlying memory consolidation.

One-Sentence Summary:G4-DNA is a molecular switch that enables the temporal regulation of the gene expression underlying the formation of fear extinction memory.
Selective Action Prediction in Infancy Depending on Linguistic Cues: An EEG and Eyetracker Study
Authors: Colomer M. , Zacharaki K. , Sebastian-Galles N.
Published: February 2024

Humans’ capacity to predict actions and to socially categorize individuals is at the basis of social cognition. Such capacities emerge in early infancy. By 6 months of age, infants predict others’ reaching actions considering others’ epistemic state. At a similar age, infants are biased to attend to and interact with more familiar individuals, considering adult-like social categories such as the language people speak. We report that these two core processes are interrelated early on in infancy. In a belief-based action prediction task, 6-month-old infants (males and females) presented with a native speaker generated online predictions about the agent's actions, as revealed by the activation of participants’ sensorimotor areas before the agent's movement. However, infants who were presented with a foreign speaker did not recruit their motor system before the agent's action. The eyetracker analysis provided further evidence that linguistic group familiarity influences how infants predict others’ actions, as only infants presented with a native speaker modified their attention to the stimuli as a function of the agent's forthcoming behavior. The current findings suggest that infants’ emerging capacity to predict others’ actions is modulated by social cues, such as others’ linguistic group. A facilitation to predict and encode the actions of native speakers relative to foreign speakers may explain, in part, why infants preferentially attend to, imitate, and learn from the actions of native speakers.
The fundamental motor skills and motor coordination performance of children in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia
Authors: Oktarifaldi  , Nopembri Soni , Yudanto  , Bin Shahril Mohd Izwan
Published: February 2024

Background and Study Aims. Good motor coordination is needed to achieve good fundamental motor skills. This study aimed to analyze and describe the relationship between fundamental motor skills and motor coordination performance of elementary school students aged 7 to 9 years old.
Material and Methods. The subjects were elementary school students in grades 1, 2, and 3 with a total number of students was 478 (248 male students, and 230 female students) in 8 cities and regencies in West Sumatera, Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional research design. The fundamental motor skills were examined using the Test of Gross Motor Development-Second Edition. This included assessing locomotor skills (running, galloping, sliding, leaping, hopping, and jumping) and object control skills (striking, catching, throwing, dribbling, rolling, and kicking). Motor coordination performance was assessed by using the Körperkoordinations Test für Kinder including balance beam, moving sideways, jumping sideways, and eye-hand coordination. The data were analyzed by using IBM SPSS statistic version 25.
Results. Students in urban areas demonstrated certain levels in Gross Motor Quotients scores, while their counterparts in rural areas achieved marginally higher scores with slightly less variation. In schools where Physical Education teachers were present, students generally scored higher compared to schools without Physical Education teachers, albeit with a bit less variation in the latter. When comparing motor coordination performance, students in urban areas typically outperformed those in rural areas, exhibiting slightly more consistent scores. Similarly, students with access to Physical Education teachers showed better motor coordination performance than those without, though with a somewhat greater range in their scores. A noticeable trend was observed in the Gross Motor Quotients scores of Fundamental Motor Skills, which tended to decrease as age increased. Conversely, students' motor coordination performance generally improved with age. Supporting these observations, the result of the one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, obtained from Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed), was 0.200 > 0.05. Additionally, the Pearson correlation value between motor coordination performance and fundamental motor skills was 0.633 with a sig value of 0.000, indicating a significant relationship.
Conclusions.
Based on the study's findings, it is recommended to focus on enhancing motor skill programs for children in rural areas. Schools should invest in Physical Education teachers, especially where they are currently absent, to benefit children. Age-specific programs are needed to address the decline in Gross Motor Quotients with age in children.  Regular monitoring and evaluation of these initiatives for children are essential.
Edmund Mason, Mrs Irving and the First Australian Cookery Book
Authors: Van Reyk Paul , Newling Jacqui , Vincent Alison
Published: February 2024

The article looks at the candidates that have been advanced as the first Australian cookbook.
Toby Barnard et al.: Great Irish Households: Inventories from the Long Eighteenth Century
Authors: Crowden James
Published: February 2024

Toby Barnard et al.: Great Irish Households: Inventories from the Long Eighteenth Century: John Adamson, Cambridge, 2022: 436 pp., hardback, £75.00.
The relationship of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Romaniv Taras , Skrypnyk Nadiya
Published: February 2024

The aim of the research was to study the relationship between dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome.

Materials and methods: In accordance with the aim and objectives of the study, the group of subjects consisted of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with MS who were undergoing inpatient treatment in the endocrinology department of the KNP "Regional Clinical Hospital of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Council" and 15 practically healthy individuals (PHI), who made up the control group. The degree of IR was determined by waist circumference (WC), IR indices: the HOMA-IR index and the Caro index. The distribution of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with MS and without signs of MS was carried out, depending on the presence of NASH. The concentration of endogenous insulin (EI) was determined by the enzyme immunoassay method using an autonomous chemiluminescence analyzer Maglumi 800 with a set of reagents Maglumi "Insulin" Shanghai International Holding Corp. GmbH (Europe), Hamburg, Germany. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined using the "Glycosylated Hemoglobin Spl" reagent of Granum Laboratory LLC, Kharkiv, Ukraine, using a ULAB 108UV spectrophotometer. The level of triglycerides and HDL-CHD in blood serum was determined with the help of the "Cholesterol Spl" reagent of the "Granum Laboratory" LLC, Ukraine, Kharkiv, using the ER 500 enzyme immunoassay analyzer.

Results: calculation of generally accepted indices of insulin resistance, in particular the HOMA IR index, OT, BMI indicate the presence of significant insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes with MS, while the changes were the greatest in patients with type 2 diabetes with MS and NASH. Insulin resistance syndrome contributes to lipid imbalance and is a metabolic prerequisite for the development of NASH.

Conclusions. The results of the study are recommended for practical use in health care: correction of dyslipidemia against the background of glycemic control
Constructive dialogue on the internet and development of critical thinking skills and responsible expression of thoughts
Authors: Alieksieieva Hanna , Shchetynina Olha
Published: February 2024

This article is dedicated to the importance of adhering to netiquette rules on the Internet, which are critical for ensuring safety, respect, and effectiveness in online communication. It explores the key aspects of network etiquette that should be considered by both adults and children in their daily interactions online. The author emphasizes the necessity to remember that behind every message is a real person, therefore empathy and politeness should be the foundation of virtual communication. The article also highlights the importance of avoiding conflicts, understanding and forgiving others' mistakes, emphasizing the significance of a tolerant attitude towards the shortcomings of interlocutors. Furthermore, it focuses on the necessity of respecting the time and opportunities of other network participants, as well as the importance of correct information formatting and adherence to copyright laws. The author reminds of the importance of ensuring safety online, especially when it comes to sharing personal information. This article aims to describe and analyze effective methods and rules of online communication, particularly in the realm of distance learning during wartime and the pandemic in Ukraine. It concentrates on examining the challenges, faced by students, teachers, and educators who encounter displacement and instability, and how these circumstances affect communication methods on the Internet. Considering the unique requirements and characteristics of each child and their family environment, these specialized cases offer thoroughly developed methodologies for effective planning and implementation of online education. Special attention is given to the development of skills necessary for safe and productive communication on the Internet, ensuring that children not only learn academic subjects, but also develop critical thinking and responsibility in the digital space. At the same time, the individual peculiarities and needs of families are taken into account to provide the most comfortable and effective learning environment for each child. The article serves as a vital resource for understanding and practicing netiquette rules that promote positive and safe online communication
Dis/Entangling Disability, Mental Health, and the Cultural Politics of Care
Authors: Runswick-Cole Katherine , Smith Martina , Ryan Sara , Douglas Patty
Published: February 2024

This paper explores how understandings of care can be prefigured through engagements with concepts of ableism and sanism as productive and radical companions for (re)thinking care. Working with family carers and people with learning disabilities as part of a co-produced project based in England: Tired of spinning plates: an exploration of the mental health experiences of adults and/or older carers of adults with learning disabilities (National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) 135080, October 2022-November 2024), we notice the absence of the concepts of ableism and sanism in theorisations of the cultural politics of care. We begin by describing family carers’ complex entanglements with categories of ‘carer’, ‘learning disability’, and ‘mental health’. We draw on theorisations of ableism and sanism to inform our analysis of caring relationships, attending to the dis/temporalities and dis/locations of care and the centrality of dis/political love. We conclude by reflecting on what academics, policy makers and practitioners might learn about caring practices from family carers and people with learning disabilities, crucially acknowledging and embracing the power of dis/political love in caring relationships.
DIDACTIC PREPARATION OF THE COURSE CONTENT "NUMERICAL METHODS»
Authors:   Talas State University, Kyshtoobaeva Cholpon
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the use of computer technologies, which should be included in each element of the system of training future teachers of mathematics. Students should master integrated learning systems based on computer technology, constantly feel the feasibility and necessity of using computer technology in the practice of their studies. The future mathematics teacher should not only become a competent user of computer technology, but should mainly come to understand how specific technologies are integrated into the existing educational system and how they can improve the educational process. One of the methodological grounds for solving theoretical and applied problems that arise when selecting the content of an academic discipline is the established position in pedagogy that the educational subject is not the result of projecting the relevant science on University education, but the result of didactic processing of a certain system of knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for mastering intellectual, material, practical, social and spiritual activities.
PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIMENTS TO USE SPATIAL NOTIONS OF KYRGYZ LANGUAGE
Authors: Pankov Pavel , Karabaeva Sonunbubu ,   Kyrgyz State University of Construction, Transport and Architecture named after N. Isanov
Published: February 2024

In teaching and control of knowledge of a language, using of words with relations to other words is considered and taught in general. Execution of tasks on verbal description of real objects or images is estimated by teachers (members of jury) subjectively. Two ways to measure knowledge of a language together with a subject area objectively are proposed in the paper. The first is to depict a set corresponding to some notions (in Kyrgyz language spatial notions are presented as nouns). The second are necessarily-collective competitions with participants parted remotely. Competitions are conducted by the method of transformation of sign systems. Each team member describes a picture (a graphical image) in the specified language. The written text is transferred to their teammate to restore the image by this description. The closeness of the images reflects the level of command of the language objectively.
Measurement of biogenic silica from plankton v2
Authors: Hu Ying-Yu , Samarasinghe Nuwanthi , V. Finkel Zoe
Published: February 2024

Here, we present a method for measuring biogenic silica from plankton. Biogenic silica is digested using a wet-alkaline method, in which 2 M sodium carbonate is used to hydrate and depolymerize amorphous silica, resulting in the production of monosilicic acid. The molybdate measurement technique is based on the method described by Shemesh et al. (1988) and follows the JGOFS protocols outlined by UNESCO (1994). To ensure the accuracy of the measurement, Celite S diatomaceous earth is used as a check standard for the recovery of biogenic silica. Our method yields a recovery rate of 85% to 90%.
Un Estudio de Caso Colectivo en España sobre el Colectivo LGTBI en Educación Afectivo-Sexual
Authors: Granero-Andújar Alejandro , Moreno-Morilla Celia
Published: February 2024

Este estudio pretende conocer en profundidad la presencia y el tratamiento del colectivo LGTBI en las prácticas de educación afectivo-sexual. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una investigación cualitativa, utilizando el estudio de caso colectivo como estrategia de investigación en el marco de las actividades de educación afectivo-sexual realizadas en dos centros de Educación Secundaria de la provincia de Almería (Andalucía, España). Los procedimientos utilizados en el proceso de recogida de datos se han basado en la observación no participativa, entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis de fuentes documentales. Los resultados muestran una fuerte presencia de concepciones excluyentes, transmisión de valores discriminatorios, silenciamiento y un trato superficial al colectivo LGTBI. De esta forma, la educación sexual no es concebida como un espacio para abordar identidades y corporalidades no hegemónicas, ni estas realidades son consideradas como formas que constituyen también el campo diverso de la sexualidad. Esta concepción contribuye a la reproducción y legitimación de una mirada estigmatizada en la que las identidades y corporalidades no hegemónicas son percibidas como anormales, puntuales, excepcionales y tabú.
Protecting Future Generations Through Minilateralism: Climate Clubs and Normative Legitimacy
Authors: Huseby Robert , Hovi Jon , Skodvin Tora
Published: February 2024

Despite three decades of global climate negotiations and high expectations for the 2015 Paris Agreement, global emissions continue to grow. To protect future generations from severe harm, scholars, environmentalists, and politicians alike explore potential supplements to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change process. One potential supplement is climate clubs of a type where a small number of “enthusiastic” countries embark on ambitious mitigation efforts while encouraging other, more “reluctant” countries to join. Previous research has shown that this club type possesses a significant potential for expanding membership and eventually becoming highly effective in reducing global emissions. A common criticism of climate clubs, however, is that they lack legitimacy. Assessing this criticism, we argue that climate clubs of the type considered here can be normatively legitimate. The main challenge for normative legitimacy concerns climate clubs’ use of incentives, particularly negative incentives, to attract members. However, we argue that even negative incentives for participation can be legitimate, assuming they meet a set of relevant legitimacy criteria—including that the club respects human rights, provides a comparative benefit, maintains institutional integrity, implements only proportional incentives, and fulfills a requisite set of epistemic criteria. We also argue that the normative legitimacy of climate clubs’ use of incentives for compliance is less challenging than the normative legitimacy of their use of incentives for participation.
Futurability, Survivability, and the Non‐Steady State in the Intergenerational Sustainability Dilemma
Authors: Saijo Tatsuyoshi
Published: February 2024

The three pillars of society—democracy, the market, and science and technology—are not systems that guarantee survival. This is because they will cause “future failures” that will eventually impose heavy burdens on future generations. Therefore, we need to design mechanisms to reinforce these three systems. This is called future design. Its basic concept is “futurability,” which is the ability of the current generation to prioritize the interests of future generations. This study examines the necessity of futurability, its background, and its relationship with intergenerational equity. In particular, using a simple numerical model in which the investment of the current generation affects the resources of future generations, this article shows that if each generation looks only to its own interests, humanity will face extinction. To ensure the survivability of humanity, each generation must demonstrate futurability, especially the importance of demonstrating futurability in a non-steady state.
Heat and cold waves on the Crimean Peninsula and their impact on population health
Authors: Danova Tatiana E.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Climate change has a significant impact on the population health including morbidity and mortality. The studies presented in this paper present characteristics of heat and cold waves on the Crimean Peninsula.
AIM: To assess the heat and cold wave characteristics, identify differences in the wave characteristics depending on the coastal and mainland location of climatotherapeutic centers on the Crimean Peninsula.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our research we used standard statistical data treatment methods. Moreover, data visualization techniques allowed identifying zones of maximum temperature values. Heat and cold waves were defined using the 3rd and the 97th percentiles of the average daily air temperatures. This approach allows considering the intensity and duration of the events under study. Measurements of the surface air temperature included eight observations per day at 19 stations on the Crimean Peninsula for the period from 2006 to 2021. Distribution of the permanently residing population in the Crimea and the city of Sevastopol by age and gender was analyzed using the Rosstat data.
RESULTS: As many as 43.5% of the population of the Crimean Peninsula have increased risk of exposure to extreme air temperatures. Having applied the threshold values of the 3rd and the 97th percentiles of the temperature, we identified the periods of heat and cold waves at each station. Even though the Crimean Peninsula has a warm and humid climate, 1 to 4 cold and heat waves have been observed at each station per year. At the same time, the total intensity of cold waves was more than twice the total intensity of heat waves.
CONCLUSION: The presented assessment of heat and cold wave characteristics on the Crimean Peninsula, using 3% and 97% percentiles of the distribution of the average daily air temperature over several years, provides the evidence for developing the measures to reduce the negative impact of extreme temperatures on human health on the Crimean Peninsula.
Physiological Quality of Soybean Seeds Stored in Different Periods in Dry Soil and Temperatures
Authors: Santos Cassiano Vasconcelos dos , Nunes Ubirajara Russi , Menegaes Janine Farias , Nied Astor Henrique , Ludwig Eduardo José , Zini Priscila Barbieri , Bastiani Géssica Gabordi de , Bernardt Eduardo
Published: February 2024

The soybean crop is one of the most economically important commodities in Brazil, and the correct way of sowing it is essential for successful production. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds subjected to different storage periods in dry soil and temperatures. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3x4 factorial scheme (temperatures: 15; 25 and 35ºC and seed storage periods in the soil: 0 (control); 7; 14 and 21 days) with four replications of 50 seeds. Physiological evaluations were based on emergence tests, length and dry mass of seedlings, in addition to digitalization of seedling images. It was verified that there was an interaction of the factors, thus interfering with the physiological quality of the seeds submitted to different temperatures and periods of storage in dry soil. It was concluded that the increase in the storage period of soybean seeds in dry soil, as well as the temperature, promoted a reduction in the percentage of emergence of normal seedlings. Implicating more heterogeneous results of seedling development, with image scanning being a positive way to assess the physiological quality of these seedlings.
Keywords: Glycine max. Seedling Evaluation. Seedling Scanning.
Resumo A cultura da soja é uma das commodities de maior importância agroeconômica no Brasil, sendo fundamental a forma correta de sua semeadura para o sucesso da produção. Desde modo, o objetivo foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja submetidas a diferentes períodos de armazenamento em solo seco e temperaturas. O delineamento experimental foi conduzido inteiramente casualizado, no esquema fatorial 3x4 (temperaturas: 15; 25 e 35ºC e períodos de armazenamento da semente no solo: 0 (testemunha); 7; 14 e 21 dias) com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. As avaliações fisiológicas foram pelos testes de emergência, comprimento e massa seca de plântulas, além da digitalização das imagens das plântulas. Verificou-se que houve interação dos fatores, assim interferindo sobre a qualidade fisiológica das sementes submetidas a diferentes temperaturas e períodos de armazenamento em solo seco. Conclui-se que conforme o aumento do período de armazenamento das sementes de soja em solo seco, bem como da temperatura promoveu a redução da percentagem de emergência de plântulas normais. Implicando em resultados mais heterogêneos do desenvolvimento de plântulas, sendo a digitalização das imagens uma forma positiva para a avaliação da qualidade fisiológica dessas plântulas.
Palavras-chave: Glycine max. Avaliação de Plântulas. Digitalização de Plântulas.