bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Regulatory Comment Letters: Evidence from Iran
Authors: Hesarzadeh Reza
Published: January 2022

Securities commissions regularly review corporate reports, and if the review reveals a possible deficiency— such as a potential accounting error— or requires further clarifications, they send the company a comment letter (CL), including a request for providing written responses and relative additional information. Current study aims to examine whether and how corporate social responsibility (CSR) affects CLs. This empirical study is based on a sample of 437 Iranian firm year observations from 2011 to 2017. Results show that firms with more CSR are less likely to receive CL, that more CSR does not influence the association of managerial misbehavior and CLs, and that the negative association between CSR and CLs is stronger among firms facing higher environmental information asymmetry and firms having higher corporate governance quality. Collectively, this paper contributes to the literature by providing new evidence on the beneficial effect of CSR in the context of CLs.

Las comisiones de valores revisan periódicamente los informes de las empresas, y si la revisión revela una posible deficiencia -como un posible error contable- o se requiere más aclaraciones, envían a la empresa una carta de comentarios (CL), que incluye una solicitud de respuesta por escrito y la relativa información adicional. El presente estudio pretende examinar si la Responsabilidad Social de las Empresas (RSE) afecta a las cartas de comentarios y cómo lo hace. Este estudio empírico se basa en una muestra de 437 observaciones anuales de empresas iraníes desde 2011 hasta 2017. Los resultados muestran que las empresas con más RSC tienen menos probabilidades de recibir CL y que más RSC no influye en la asociación entre mal comportamiento de los directivos y CL. También se pone de manifiesto que la asociación negativa entre RSC y CL es más fuerte entre las empresas que enfrentan una mayor asimetría de información ambiental y las empresas que tienen una mayor calidad de gobierno corporativo. En conjunto, este trabajo contribuye a la literatura aportando nuevas pruebas sobre el efecto beneficioso de la RSC en el contexto de las CL.
NIST conference papers fiscal year 2018 :
Authors:   Resources, Access, and Data Team, Information Services Office
Published: January 2022

NIST is committed to the idea that results of federally funded research are a valuable national resource and a strategic asset. To the extent feasible and consistent with law, agency mission, resource constraints, and U.S. national, homeland, and economic security, NIST will promote the deposit of scientific data arising from unclassified research and programs, funded wholly or in part by NIST, except for Standard Reference Data, free of charge in publicly accessible databases. Subject to the same conditions and constraints listed above, NIST also intends to make freely available to the public, in publicly accessible repositories, all peer-reviewed scholarly publications arising from unclassified research and programs funded wholly or in part by NIST. This Special Publication represents the work of Communications Technology Laboratory, Information Technology Laboratory, and Material Measurement Laboratory researchers at professional conferences, as reported in Fiscal Year 2018. More information on public access to NIST research is available at https://www.nist.gov/ open.
NIST conference papers fiscal year 2018 :
Authors:   Resources, Access, and Data Team, Information Services Office
Published: January 2022

NIST is committed to the idea that results of federally funded research are a valuable national resource and a strategic asset. To the extent feasible and consistent with law, agency mission, resource constraints, and U.S. national, homeland, and economic security, NIST will promote the deposit of scientific data arising from unclassified research and programs, funded wholly or in part by NIST, except for Standard Reference Data, free of charge in publicly accessible databases. Subject to the same conditions and constraints listed above, NIST also intends to make freely available to the public, in publicly accessible repositories, all peer-reviewed scholarly publications arising from unclassified research and programs funded wholly or in part by NIST. This Special Publication represents the work of Physical Measurement Laboratory and NIST Center for Neutron Research researchers at professional conferences, as reported in Fiscal Year 2018. More information on public access to NIST research is available at https://www.nist.gov/open.
THE EFFECT OF COATING MATERIAL ON THE COLOR STABILITY OF GLASS-IONOMER-BASED RESTORATIVE MATERIALS: AN IN-VITRO STUDY
Authors: ÇARIKÇIOĞLU Burak
Published: January 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of coating on the color stability of different glass ionomer cements (GICs) after immersed in different children beverages.
Materials and Methods: Four different GIC and a glass-ionomer coating material were used in this study. Disc shaped sixteen specimens of each GICs were done and divided into two groups, uncoated and coated (n=8). For color change, the specimens were immersed 7 day in the four solutions of cola, orange juice, chocolate milk and water. The color measurements were carried out before immersed solutions and at the end of the 1st and 7th days, using a spectrophotometer. The color change ΔE00 was calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. Data were analyzed by Kruskall-Wallis and Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05).
Results: The ΔE00 values for all coated and uncoated GICs showed an increase in all solutions after 7 days of immersion. All the ΔE00 values obtained from all the specimens immersed in cola were higher than the acceptability threshold. There was no statistical difference in terms of ΔE00 values between the coated and uncoated specimens of the same GICs at same time periods.
Conclusions: Coating of GICs exhibited relatively good color stability and protect from the discoloration. The staining effect of GICs should be carefully considered when selecting dental materials in pediatric dentistry.
EFFECT OF TOPICAL HUMIC ACID ON EXCISIONAL PALATAL WOUND HEALING: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND HISTOMORPHOMETRIC STUDY IN RATS
Authors: DÖNMEZ Yusuf Ziya , AKPINAR Aysun , GÖZE Fahrettin
Published: January 2022

Background:
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of topical humic acid application on healing in oral mucosa wound in rats.
Material and Methods
A total of 12-week-old 72 Wistar male rats weighing 280-300 gr were used in the study. The rats were randomly grouped in 4 groups as the Control Group (K) to which no applications were made, Chlorhexidine (0.12%) Group (CHX), 80 mg/kg Humic Acid Group (HA80), and 150 mg/kg Humic Acid Group (HA150). Mucosal defects of 5-mm-diameter were induced with punch in the palatal areas of the rats. These groups were further divided into 3 sub-groups to be sacrificed on days 7, 14 and 21. Epithelization, ülceration, polymorphic nuclear leukocytes (PNL), mononuclear cells (MNL), fibroblast and vascularization were examined in histopathologic evaluations. In addition, photos of the tissue samples were taken and transferred to the computer medium for histo-morphometric examinations.
Results
As a result of the statistical analyses, no significant differences were detected among the groups in terms of epithelization degree, PNL and MNL cell infiltration on days 7, 14 and 21. The ulcerated areas were low in HA150 Group compared to the other groups, and there was a significant difference in this respect (p<0.05). Vascularization degrees were evaluated, the K Group and HA150 Group showed better results on day 7 (p<0.05). On days 14 and 21, no significant differences were detected among the groups (p>0.05). Wound area measurement scores were lower in HA150 Group compared to the other groups, and this result showed that the healing in HA150 Group was better (p<0.05).
Conclusions
As a result of the present study, it was found that humic acid increased wound healing in oral cavity.
COMPARING THE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC STREPTOCOCCUS SALIVARIUS K12 AND M18 ON THE STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COUNT, SALIVARY PH AND BUFFER CAPACITY: A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLINDED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: SRİNİVASAN Manali , M.S Nivedhitha , POORNİ Saravanan
Published: January 2022

Aim: To evaluate and compare the effect of probiotic Streptococcus salivarius K12 and M18 on the Streptococcus mutans count, salivary pH and buffer capacity.
Materials and method: 69 Subjects within the age group of 18-40 years were randomly allocated to three groups of 23 subjects each. Subjects enrolled in Group A received BLIS K12TM, Subjects in Group B received BLIS M18TM and Subjects in Group C belonged to the control group and did not receive any form of probiotics. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected at baseline and after 30 days. The samples were analysed for Streptococcus mutans level, salivary pH and buffer capacity.
Results: A statistically significant reduction in salivary S. mutans levels and an increase in the salivary pH was observed after the use of probiotics when compared to the baseline. The buffer capacity remained unaltered following the use of both the probiotics. There was no change in the Streptococcus mutans level, salivary pH and buffer capacity for the subjects belonging to the control group.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study it can be concluded that a 30day use of Streptococcus salivarius K12 and M18 resulted in a reduction in the Streptococcus mutans count while simultaneously improving the salivary pH.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF SURGICALLY ASSISTED RAPID MAXILLARY EXPANSION ON TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISC POSITION WITH MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING*
Authors: KAYA Murat , ŞENTÜRK M.fatih , FINDIK Yavuz
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate, by magnetic resonance ımaging (MRI), the effects of surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc position.
Methods: Patients with maxillary transversial discrepeancies treated SARME analyzed prospectively. The magnetic resonance imaging assessments of the TMJ were obtained before SARME operation and after expansion process. Retention period, gender and presence of wisdom teeth were the predictor variables. Disc position index (DPI) values were calculated and analyzed as an outcome variable.
Results: The study included 13 subjects (4 male, 9 female) with a mean age of 19.5±2.3 years. After treatment there was excess changing position seen in three articular disc relative the condyle in three patient. Retention period, gender and presence of wisdom teeth were not significantly effected TMJ disc in terms of DPI values in mouth opened or closed position (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: According to our study TMJ disc position was not effected significantly by SARME (p > 0.05).
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DEGENERATIVE CHANGES IN THE MANDIBULAR CONDYLE AND ARTICULAR EMINENCE INCLINATION, HEIGHT, AND SHAPE: A CBCT STUDY
Authors: GÖRÜRGÖZ Cansu , KURT Hakan , ŞEKER Çiğdem , İÇEN Murat , AKSOY Seçil , ORHAN Kaan
Published: January 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the articular eminence inclination and height and correlate these findings with the eminence shapes and degenerative condylar changes using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and Methods: The assessments were established on CBCT images of 566 temporomandibular joints (TMJ) that were included from the computer database. Age and gender were recorded for all individuals. Degenerative changes were examined in the articular surface of the condyle. The articular eminence (AE) inclination and height measurements were performed on central parasagittal slices of the TMJ. The shape of the AE was classified as box, sigmoid, flattened, and deformed.
Results: The prevalence of degenerative changes in the condyle was higher in males, but no significant difference was found (p ˃ 0.05). The AE inclination and height have a relation with gender and age groups. The AE inclination and height results were greater in males (p < 0.05). The reduced mean values of eminence inclination and height in the +50-year-old group were detected (p < 0.05). Sigmoid and box-shaped articular eminence morphologies were more common. The eminence with deformed-shaped was related to two or more degenerative alterations in the condylar head.
Conclusion: The degenerative condylar changes can affect eminence inclination and height by mechanical loading and changed articular dynamics. Gender and age have a significant effect on the AE morphology. The articular eminence shape is influenced by combinations of two or more degenerative changes.
Celestina y el sexo conmutado
Authors: Garrote Bernal Gaspar
Published: January 2022

Estudio del código sexual cerrado o sutil en el texto de Celestina y en las reacciones de sus personajes y algunos de sus receptores. Por medio de cientos de conmutadores o palabras preñadas, la Tragicomedia opera en dos niveles simultáneos de significación, imbricando un plano patente que trata sobre cualquier asunto y otro latente que versa sobre lo sexual.
La sátira de Rodrigo Cota a Juan de Mena en el Diálogo del amor y un viejo y la génesis del prólogo de La Celestina
Authors: Cáseda Teresa Jesús Fernando
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo de investigación rastrea las razones que llevaron a Rojas/Proaza a citar como posibles autores del primer acto de La Celestina a Juan de Mena o a Rodrigo Cota. Para ello, identifico pasajes en la obra conocida de Rodrigo Cota en que aparecen referencias al escritor cordobés. La conclusión es que Cota, situado en las antípodas del autor del Laberinto de Fortuna, hizo una severa crítica de este, especialmente en el Diálogo del amor y un viejo, de una forma oculta y hasta ahora ignorada por la crítica. El prólogo celestinesco, por todo ello, nos sitúa en los dos extremos literarios de su época y reafirma la hipótesis de que está lleno de falsedades y de una calculada ambigüedad.
La trayectoria escénica de La Celestina en Castilla-La Mancha durante los siglos XX y XXI
Authors: Gómez Caballero Iván
Published: January 2022

En este artículo se analiza la trayectoria escénica de La Celestina en la cartelera teatral castellanomanchega durante los siglos XX y XXI a partir de las noticias encontradas en periódicos autonómicos, provinciales y locales, además de materiales gráficos como folletos de fiestas locales. Asimismo, en el trabajo se dirime en qué municipios ha subido en más ocasiones a los escenarios y con qué compañías, estudiando, además, la evolución cronológica de las representaciones. Por último, se reconstruye la cartelera teatral celestinesca de este periodo en un anexo final.
La Celestina en la democracia. Adaptación, censura y recepción de la recreación cinematográfica de Gerardo Vera
Authors: Villalobos Graillet José Eduardo
Published: January 2022

El artículo se propone examinar, en primer lugar, los problemas personales, creativos, técnicos y de censura que atravesó el director de cine Gerardo Vera y su elenco antes, durante y después de la grabación de la película La Celestina (1996). Para ello, así como para sustentar este análisis "beyond fidelity", se recurre a entrevistas, notas informativas y otras fuentes de primera mano. En segundo, la polémica que se generó en los medios de comunicación españoles en torno al "gran" contenido erótico del film con el que Vera no solo quiso emular el tratamiento que Fernando de Rojas le da a este componente en su obra, sino el de poder recrearlo en la pantalla sin los tapujos y tijerazos que sufrió la recreación de César Ardavín durante el régimen de Franco. Y, por último, el tratamiento libre y personalizado que el director dio a la segunda adaptación cinematográfica de esta obra clásica.
Animales en Celestina
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: January 2022

Los autores de la Celestina en 21 autos incluyeron 182 menciones de animales que se analizan e interpretan en este estudio. Hay personajes que se califican a sí mismos y a otros en términos animalescos; los animales funcionan como tales o adquieren cualidades antropomórficas para reflejar las de los seres humanos; aparecen en refranes y proverbios, en contextos sexuales y en situaciones irónicas. Estos múltiples usos tienen una larga tradición que sugiere que nosotros, los seres humanos, nos reflejamos en ellos y en sus conductas. Esta indagación pretende enriquecer una nueva lectura de la Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea.
Hacia un censo completo unificado de los ejemplares conservados de Celestina (II): ejemplares de las ediciones de las traducciones (y tres adaptaciones al inglés) localizables en línea
Authors: Saguar García Amaranta
Published: January 2022

Aplicando los mismos principios que en la primera revisión censal de los ejemplares conservados de las ediciones de Celestina en castellano a las ediciones de sus traducciones a lenguas europeas (italiano, alemán, francés, holandés, neolatín e inglés) de los siglos XVI a XVIII, en este trabajo consigno los ejemplares conservados localizables en línea a 1 de noviembre de 2021.
Ciudadanía y lectura del espacio geográfico en la formación docente de Educación Infantil
Authors: López Martínez Manuel José
Published: January 2022

La escuela puede fomentar una lectura crítica y transformadora del espacio geográfico para activar a la ciudadanía infantil en las sociedades democráticas. En esta investigación acción se muestra el proceso de formación seguido con estudiantes de Grado en Educación Infantil. El estudio parte de una pregunta: ¿cómo podemos incrementar la calidad del pensamiento geográfico en el futuro docente novel para fortalecer el derecho de las infancias a la participación ciudadana? Los resultados muestran las posibilidades de realizar un proceso de reflexión progresiva sobre la práctica docente y el pensamiento geográfico en tres contextos: el aula universitaria, el aula escolar de la fase del Practicum y el trabajo de campo realizado en un espacio público urbano. El ejercicio reflexivo en la formación inicial docente sobre el espacio geográfico vivido puede contribuir a la consecución de una mayor justicia social a favor de los y las infantes.
La “línea clara” en la poesía de Luis Alberto de Cuenca: derroteros de un extraño encuentro
Authors: Giménez Facundo
Published: January 2022

El siguiente trabajo se propone abordar la apropiación poética de la expresión “línea clara”, proveniente del ámbito historietístico, que realiza el poeta español Luis Alberto de Cuenca (Madrid, 1950). Nuestro análisis se centrará en dos aspectos fundamentales de dicha apropiación. El primero será aquel vinculado con su inscripción en un contexto histórico, cultural, político y social particular: el del regreso de la democracia en España. Desde este punto de vista, la emergencia de una “línea clara” luisalbertiana será estudiada como la construcción de un espacio consensuado y convencional -pacto de lectura- en el que la experiencia poética se vuelve, otra vez, accesible. El segundo aspecto abordado será el de la postulación de una dimensión “cómplice” del texto poético, que permitirá comprender los alcances del planteo luisalbertiano.
Identidad catalana en Las cuatro barras de sangre, de Manuel Fernández y González (1872)
Authors: Muñoz de Morales Galiana Javier
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo pretende estudiar de qué manera la identidad catalana es negociada con el nacionalismo español en Las cuatro barras de sangre (1872), de Manuel Fernández y González que en ese texto trató el mito fundacional, muy popular de la Renaixença, de Vifredo el Velloso. Para ello, analizaremos la novela teniendo en cuenta el modo en el que se refiere al personaje y a su historia, pero partiendo del contexto del autor. De esto podemos concluir que el trasfondo de la obra implicaba una buena recepción del catalanismo por parte de España, pero el contenido del texto, descontextualizado, podía llevar a la radicalización de los presupuestos de la Renaixença.
Ana María Matute. Censura y autocensura: la (no) recuperación de su producción literaria
Authors: Linuesa Torrijos Estefanía
Published: January 2022

Este artículo pone el foco en la censura franquista y sus efectos en la obra de Ana María Matute. La literatura española de posguerra se vio condicionada por la censura editorial que implantó el régimen franquista, mas también por la autocensura de los editores y las escritoras, quienes la aplicaron por precaución, convirtiéndose, de esta manera, en sus propias censoras. En este sentido, Ana María Matute fue una de las escritoras que sufrió los efectos de la (auto)censura. En este artículo se analizarán tres obras de la escritora para comprobar si la incidencia y perpetuación de la (auto)censura se sigue reproduciendo en las últimas ediciones publicadas.
El decoro retórico: personaje y estilo en el "Guzmán de Alfarache"
Authors: Pin Moros Iria
Published: January 2022

Dada la transgresión que supone la moralización de un pícaro, aunque arrepentido, en su Guzmán de Alfarache Mateo Alemán recuerda constantemente al lector discreto que su protagonista ha sido “muy buen estudiante, latino, retórico y griego” (“Declaración para el entendimiento de este libro”). Se trata de una de las pruebas del interés del sevillano por conceder a los personajes del relato una voz propia y con un estilo adecuado, donde el uso de los mecanismos retóricos concuerde con su origen, entorno o formación. De este modo, uno de los aspectos determinantes de la tan mencionada variedad de estilos del Guzmán es precisamente la pluralidad de seres con los que se encuentra y entabla conversación el personaje principal en su “peregrinación” vital, a los que se añaden los de los relatos intercalados, exempla, similitudines, facecias, alegorías, etc. Así, el propósito del presente trabajo es exponer las conclusiones extraídas del análisis del discurso de los distintos personajes, diferenciados por Alemán no solo a través de la descripción, sino sobre todo del diálogo.
Ecos interseccionistas en la canción de autor
Authors: Esteban Becedas María
Published: January 2022

El interseccionismo, propuesta vanguardista que Fernando Pessoa materializó en los poemas de la serie "Chuva oblíqua", planea una estrategia creativa basada en la superposición de planos objetivos y subjetivos. El principio del interseccionismo está presente en otras formas de literatura, como la canción de autor, ya sea con total afinidad a los poemas pessoanos (el caso de "Mundo abisal", de Jorge Drexler) o presentando cierta evolución, un estadio superior del ismo ("Nos ocupamos del mar", de Alberto Pérez, y "Debo partirme en dos", de Silvio Rodríguez). El triple carácter musical, textual y escénico de la canción permite especial dinamismo en la fragmentación del sujeto y la multiplicidad de perspectivas.
La construcción de la identidad en Enrique Vila-Matas
Authors: Verdú Arnal Isabel
Published: January 2022

Este artículo explora la construcción ambivalente de la identidad Vila-Matas como autor y la postura que adopta en el espacio público. A través de sus intervenciones públicas y de la evolución de su propuesta poética, se estudia cuál es la figura que el autor Vila-Matas convoca: una figura limítrofe, en la frontera entre el centro y la periferia del sistema; una figura que se expande y comulga con otras artes, que es performativa, que se muestra y enmascara a la vez. De este modo, Vila-Matas ofrece una identidad buscadamente inconclusa, que suscita un interrogante, y el deseo permanente de la lectura.
Ioana Gruia: "La luz que enciende el cuerpo"
Authors: Escavy Luis
Published: January 2022

Reseña de Ioana Gruia: La luz que enciende el cuerpo
Governance of the Owner-Managed Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
Authors: Millers Māris
Published: January 2022

The Doctoral Thesis examines how understanding of small and medium-sized enterprises, concept of owner-manager and government practices have evolved and changed over time. Empirical study on governance of owner-managed SMEs has been carried out, and research data have been analyzed using methods of statistical and visual analysis. A new typology of SME owners-managers, SME profiling based on governance approaches, and methodology that SME owners and managers can use to analyze and develop their businesses is developed in this work.
Uzņēmējdomāšanas attīstība kā virzošais faktors veiksmīgas “born global” stratēģijas izveidei
Authors: Vaivode Irēna
Published: January 2022

Promocijas darbs ir pētījums uzņēmējdomāšanas jomā. Darbā pētīta uzņēmējdomāšanas un veiksmīgas “born global” stratēģijas izveides procesa mijiedarbība. Uzņēmējdomāšana ir promocijas darba pētījuma objekts, tā pētīta kā dinamisks process, kas virza indivīdu uz rezultātu sasniegšanu. Veiksmīgas “born global” stratēģijas izveide ir uzņēmējdomāšanas dinamiskā procesa rezultāts. Promocijas darbs ietver pētījumus par uzņēmējdomāšanas individuālo iezīmju lomu kā pamatu uzņēmēja virzībai uz veiksmīgu “born global” procesu.
Symbolism in the Russian visual art in the era of Art Nouveau: analytical overview in the light of latest research
Authors: Davydova Olga Sergeevna
Published: January 2022

The subject of this article is the works of the Russian artists of the late XIX – early XX centuries in the context of problematic of symbolism and Art Nouveau, as well as the scientific foundation that has developed as yet in studying this topic. Research methodology is based on the conceptual synthesis of classical art history approaches towards the analysis of artistic material with the theoretical interdisciplinary methods of humanities, such as iconology and hermeneutics, as well as the contextual-associative method developed by the author. The goal of this article consists in determination of the peculiarities of symbolism in Russia due to the transformation of the attitude towards the spiritual problematic of art of the turn of the XIX – XX centuries, which is relevant for the modern art history. The author is firs in the Russian art history to conduct a comprehensive analytical overview of the development stages of symbolism in the Russian visual art based on the years-long work with the archival materials, scientific publications (that cover over a century), and works of the Art Nouveau authors stored in the museum funds, many of which after 1917  appeared to be on the periphery of attention of art historians due to ideological reasons. The revealed individual characteristics of symbolism as a holistic artistic phenomenon, created on the level of modern humanistic knowledge, determine the novelty of this work and can valuable in further study of symbolism and Art Nouveau. Broadening of representations on the Russian art of the late XIX – early XX centuries, allow returning the heritage of the symbolist artists into the context of art, which is of undeniable importance from the perspective of restoration of natural logic of the development of the history of art in Russia, making this publication valuable in various fields of study of art and culture.
The Perception of Market and Economic Risks by Owners and Managers of Enterprises in the V4 Countries
Authors: Hudakova Maria , Gabrysova Maria , Petrakova Zora , Buganova Katarina , Krajcik Vladimir
Published: January 2022

The aim of the paper is to assess the impact of the length of entrepreneurship on the perception of the most important business risks in Slovakia and the Visegrad Group of Countries (V4 countries). The empirical research was conducted in 2019-2020. It was focused on assessing the state of enterprise risk management (ERM) application. The research file contained 422 online questionnaires completed by owners and managers of enterprises (OMEs). The results of this case study were compared with the results of similar studies performed in the V4 countries in 2017-2018. In total, 1,781 OMEs participated in the surveys mentioned. The following statistical methods were used to assess the data: ANOVA, Bartlett’s test, Agostini test, good fit test, and Grubbs test. The overall results of the empirical research highlight the significance and importance of the assessment of business risks in the V4 countries. The results in Slovakia in 2019-2020 and the research results in the V4 countries in 2017-2018 show that OMEs still consider market and economic risks to be most important in their business. Market and economic risks are related to sources that exert the most negative influence on enterprise success. The results are valuable for entrepreneurs, enterprise managers and institutions that provide comprehensive entrepreneurship support in the V4 countries. The overall results are significant at the regional, national, and international levels of the V4 countries and have the ability to strengthen the competitiveness of entrepreneurs within the EU common market.
Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy to Enhance Firm Reputation and Competitive Advantage
Authors: Mai Ngoc Khuong , Nguyen An Khoa Truong , Nguyen Thanh Thuy
Published: January 2022

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an important strategy for firms to gain a positive reputation. This study aims to identify the mediating role of firm reputation on the relationships of CSR dimensions (economic, legal, ethical, philanthropic and environmental) and competitive advantage, and how a firm directly gains competitive advantage through CSR implementation. Data were collected by surveying 869 managers, as representatives of small and medium enterprises, and large enterprises, in the trade and service, real estate and manufacturing sectors in Vietnam. Then, SmartPLS 3.0 software and the partial least squares structural equation modelling method were used to process the data and test the hypotheses. The empirical results are impactful and enhance the existing literature on strategic management. The results show that implementing environmental, ethical, philanthropic and legal CSR activities contribute positively to increase the firm reputation and thus generating competitive advantage. The findings indicate that the implementation of economic CSR activities does not enable firms to gain a reputation. In contrast, active involvement in environmental CSR activities results in building firm reputation, thereby creating a source of competitive advantage for firms. The study provides guidelines for top-level management to adjust their CSR strategies more effectively to improve reputation and competitive advantage.
Role of miR-100-5p and CDC25A in breast carcinoma cells
Authors: Li Xiaoping , Ren Yanli , Liu Donghong , Yu Xi , Chen Keda
Published: January 2022

Objective

To inquiry about mechanism of miR-100-5p/CDC25A axis in breast carcinoma (BC), thus offering a new direction for BC targeted treatment.

Methods

qRT-PCR was employed to explore miR-100-5p and CDC25A mRNA levels. Western blot was employed for detecting protein expression of CDC25A. Targeting relationship of miR-100-5p and CDC25A was verified by dual-luciferase assay. In vitro experiments were used for assessment of cell functions.

Results

In BC tissue and cells, miR-100-5p was significantly lowly expressed (P < 0.05) while CDC25A was highly expressed. Besides, miR-100-5p downregulated CDC25A level. miR-100-5p had a marked influence on the prognosis of patients. The forced miR-100-5p expression hindered BC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and facilitated cell apoptosis. Upregulated miR-100-5p weakened promotion of CDC25A on BC cell growth.

Conclusion

Together, these findings unveiled that CDC25A may be a key target of miR-100-5p that mediated progression of BC cells. Hence, miR-100-5p overexpression or CDC25A suppression may contribute to BC diagnosis.
Land-use history impacts spatial patterns and composition of woody plant species across a 35-hectare temperate forest plot
Authors: Orwig David A. , Aylward Jason A. , Buckley Hannah L. , Case Bradley S. , Ellison Aaron M.
Published: January 2022

Land-use history is the template upon which contemporary plant and tree populations establish and interact with one another and exerts a legacy on the structure and dynamics of species assemblages and ecosystems. We use the first census (2010–2014) of a 35-ha forest-dynamics plot at the Harvard Forest in central Massachusetts to describe the composition and structure of the woody plants in this plot, assess their spatial associations within and among the dominant species using univariate and bivariate spatial point-pattern analysis, and examine the interactions between land-use history and ecological processes. The plot includes 108,632 live stems ≥ 1 cm in diameter (2,215 individuals/ha) and 7,595 standing dead stems ≥ 5 cm in diameter. Live tree basal area averaged 42.25 m2/ha, of which 84% was represented by Tsuga canadensis (14.0 m2/ ha), Quercus rubra (northern red oak; 9.6 m2/ ha), Acer rubrum (7.2 m2/ ha) and Pinus strobus (eastern white pine; 4.4 m2/ ha). These same four species also comprised 78% of the live aboveground biomass, which averaged 245.2 Mg/ ha. Across all species and size classes, the forest contains a preponderance (> 80,000) of small stems (<10-cm diameter) that exhibit a reverse-J size distribution. Significant spatial clustering of abundant overstory species was observed at all spatial scales examined. Spatial distributions of A. rubrum and Q. rubra showed negative intraspecific correlations in diameters up to at least a 150-m spatial lag, likely indicative of crowding effects in dense forest patches following intensive past land use. Bivariate marked point-pattern analysis, showed that T. canadensis and Q. rubra diameters were negatively associated with one another, indicating resource competition for light. Distribution and abundance of the common overstory species are predicted best by soil type, tree neighborhood effects, and two aspects of land-use history: when fields were abandoned in the late 19th century and the succeeding forest types recorded in 1908. In contrast, a history of intensive logging prior to 1950 and a damaging hurricane in 1938 appear to have had little effect on the distribution and abundance of present-day tree species. Our findings suggest that current day composition and structure are still being influenced by anthropogenic disturbances that occurred over a century ago.
Abnormal Driving Behavior Recognition Method Based on Smart Phone Sensor and CNN-LSTM
Authors: Li Hao , Han Junyan , Li Shangqing , Wang Hanqing , Xiang Hui , Wang Xiaoyuan
Published: January 2022

Accurate identification of abnormal driving behavior is very important to improve driver safety. Aiming at the problem that threshold or traditional machine learning methods are mostly used in existing studies, it is difficult to accurately identify abnormal driving behavior of vehicles, a method of abnormal driving behavior recognition based on smartphone sensor data and convolutional neural network (CNN) combined with long and short-term memory (LSTM) was proposed. Smartphone sensors are used to collect vehicle driving data, and data sets of various driving behaviors are constructed by preprocessing the data. A recognition model based on a convolutional neural network combined with a long short-term memory network was constructed to extract depth features from data sets and recognize abnormal driving behaviors. The test results show that the accuracy of the model based on CNN-LSTM can reach 95.22%, and the performance indexes can reach more than 94%. Compared with the recognition model constructed only by CNN or LSTM, this model has higher recognition accuracy.
Non Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Tanabe Shohei , Suzuki Takashi , Shiojima Satoshi , Nakayama Satoru , Adachi Hiroshi
Published: January 2022

Non-tubal ectopic pregnancies are risk factors for maternal death and require prompt diagnosis and treatment. However, there are no established guidelines for their treatment because their rarity and care is individualized. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of non-tubal ectopic pregnancies at our institution between May 2009 and September 2020. Thirty-four relevant cases were identified, including 14 interstitial, seven cervical, six peritoneal, three caesarean scars, two ovarian, and two rudimentary horn pregnancies; 23 of the 34 cases were diagnosed before treatment using ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. All patients were examined before nine weeks of gestation, and 17 were examined for a positive pregnancy test without any symptoms. In conclusion, in our hospital, non-tubal ectopic pregnancies were identified early, resulting in successful treatment without serious complications.
Isovaleric Acidemia as a Rare Cause for Bad Obstetric History
Authors: Ramanujam Sailatha , Angel Shery , Ramachandran Anuradha Coimbatore , Basker Anu Bhargavi
Published: January 2022

Isovaleric acidemia is an inborn error of metabolism, inherited as an autosomal recessive disorder, caused by deficiency of isovaleryl- Coenzyme A (CoA) dehydrogenase, leading to elevated plasma isovaleric acid and urine isovalerylglycine levels. Isovaleric acidemia is an unusual disorder with an incidence of 1:67,000 in India. Parents of the child are assumed to be carriers and the offsprings have a one in four (25%) chance of inheriting the disorder. The present article reports a 33-year-old, Gravida 3 Para 2 Live 0 (G3P2L0) at 38 week + 1 day, with previous two Lower Segment Caesarean Surgery (LSCS) and two neonatal deaths, who delivered a term boy baby with incidental finding of isovaleric acidemia at birth. Isovaleric acidemia could sometimes be a rare case for bad obstetric history and should be considered while evaluating a patient. Also, it is now possible to diagnose the condition by early prenatal tests and even before pregnancy by Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PIGD) and by taking necessary steps.
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Supine versus Prone Position in Tertiary Hospital in Mysore: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ramesh Ravikumar Banavase , Vijayakumar R , Manjunath V , Gautham Abhilash , Gowda Amruthraj
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a procedure of choice for large renal calculi. It is a common urological procedure. PCNL can be performed in various positions. Aim: To determine the surgical outcomes in patients undergoing PCNL in supine and prone positions. Materials and Methods: A cohort study was conducted on patients with renal and upper ureteral stones who underwent PCNL in either prone or supine position between August 2019 to August 2020 at Urology Department, JSS Hospital, Mysuru. Supine PCNL was done in the flank Free Oblique Supine Modified Lithotomy (FOSML) position. All the procedures were performed under fluoroscopy guidance. Surgical outcomes including operative time, length of hospital stay, Stone Free Rate (SFR), radiation dose, and postoperative complications were evaluated. The collected data was tabulated and frequency (n) and percentage (%) analysis was performed. The Chi-square test was used to find the level of significance. Results: A total of 70 patients were included in the study and out of which 35 patients were in the supine (46.37±14.73 years, 28 males and 7 females) and 35 patients (47.54±12.45 years, 23 males and 12 females) were in the prone PCNL groups. Statistically significant difference was observed in the mean operating time in the supine and prone PCNL groups (81.43 vs 127.71 minutes; p-value=0.001), with a higher stone-free rate (94.29% vs 91.43%; p-value=0.643) observed in the supine PCNL group. One patient in supine group had postoperative sepsis and one patient in prone group had bleeding requiring transfusion. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score in supine PCNL was (5.08±0.32) less than in prone group (8.03±0.40) (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: PCNL in the supine position compared with the prone position demonstrates significantly lower operative time with similar SFR and lower VAS score.
The Heavy Metal Characteristics (Pb and Cu) in Wideng Crab Tissue from the Gonjol River, Demak
Authors: Cerlyawati Hugi , Isworo Slamet
Published: January 2022

Objective and Background: The Gonjol river serves as a lifeline for the communities surrounding Demak's brackish water ponds. Currently, factory waste is poisoning rivers. The purpose of this research was to investigate the levels of heavy metals Pb and Cu in Wideng crab tissue, water, and sediment in the Gonjol river's upper course and estuary.

Methods: This study was place from January to March 2020. Heavy metal concentration was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The linear regression method was used to analyze the data. 

Results: Except for Cu in upstream and estuary sediments, the concentration of Pb and Cu in the waters, sediments, and Wideng crab tissue remained below the acceptable limits. Heavy metals Pb and Cu in both sediment and tissue did not reveal a significant association in the upstream and estuary, although there was a correlation between water and tissue. There is no association between silt and water in the upstream and estuary. The river's quality is based on the Decree of the Minister of the Environment of the Republic of Indonesia No.115 of 2003, which places it in category C, which means it has moderate levels of Pb and Cu pollution. While tissue and sediment levels are below the tolerance limit.

Conclusion: The state of the Gonjol River is a source of concern, particularly the circumstances of Cu and Pb, which allow bioaccumulation in the future, posing a threat to the ecosystem and the communities surrounding it.
Effects of Phytohormones and Alternative Sources on the Propagation of Ternstroemia cameroonensis Cheek. by Marcotting in the Lebialem Highlands, Cameroon
Authors: Nkemnkeng Francoline Jong , Anjah Mendi Grace , Tacham Walter Ndam , Mbogue Christiana Ngyete Nyikob , Nguetsop Victor-François
Published: January 2022

Marcotting is a method of vegetative propagation which still finds its relevance in the present day forest management and routine practice to produce viable seedlings for the regeneration of Ternstroemia cameroonensis. There is dearth of information regarding the propagation of T. cameroonensis by marcotting. Hence effects of phytohormone application (Indole-3-acetc acid, Indole-3-butyric acid) and alternative sources (coconut water) on the propagation of T. cameroonensis by marcotting were investigated in the Lebialem Highlands. Mortality rates, number of roots, root length as well as marcotts position in the crown was evaluated. The propagation trials were carried under natural environmental conditions. Marcotts had an overall survival percentage of 35.41%. Those established at the middle of the crown had the highest survival percentage (15.27%) followed by those at the lower (11.80 %). Also marcotts established on branches with larger diameter (4-6 cm) and shorter length (50 cm) had the highest survival percentage (20.13 and 19.44 respectively). Again marcotts treated with IBA and CW had the best performance compared to other pre-treatments. According to the result, T. cameroonensis can be amenable through marcotts.
A Case Series of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in Children at Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic in Benghazi Medical Center
Authors: Elbanoni Omelkhir I. , Snaalla Ahlam A. , Elabbud Huda A. , Asnedel Tahani A.
Published: January 2022

Background: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a functional disorder characterized by repeated episodes of sudden onset of intense vomiting that is followed by symptom-free periods. The diagnosis is based on the fulfillment of Rome IV criteria. The Cyclic vomiting syndrome shares similar features to migraine headaches. It is under-recognized and often misdiagnosed with significant delays in therapy.

Aims: To evaluate the clinical characteristic of pediatric patients diagnosed with cyclic vomiting syndrome in our institution and their response to treatment.

Patients and Methods: A prospective case series of 13 pediatric patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome seen between period of November 2018 to November 2020 at pediatric gastroenterology outpatient’s clinic in Benghazi medical center. All relevant data including; age and sex, age of presentation, duration of symptoms, age at diagnosis, presence of aura or prodromal symptoms, patient or family history of headache, treatment and their response to treatment were collected.

Results: The mean age for diagnosis was 112.2 ± 37.7 months. 46.2% of patients had recognizable prodromal symptoms. Patients with CVS had intense nausea and persistent vomiting that requiring hospitalization. In 44.4% of patients had stopped the episodes as a response to propranolol.

Conclusion: Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome (CVS) is a functional, an under-recognized, and misdiagnosed episodic. The illness is characterized by stereotypical pattern of vomiting leading to frequent hospitalizations.
Assessment of Activity Concentration of Radionuclides in Soil and Cassava Food Crop from Solid Mineral Mining Site in Ishiagu, Ivo L.G.A of Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Mgbeokwere C. , Ononugbo C. P. , Bubu A.
Published: January 2022

The assessment of activity of concentration of radionuclides in soil and food crops from solid mineral mining sites at Ishiagu, in Ivo L.G.A of Ebonyi State was carried out using the necessary measuring instruments. Samples of soil and cassava crop collected from around the mining sites. The samples were analysed using gamma ray spectrometry. The average activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in soil samples were 12.37,16.08, and 144.29 Bqkg-1 while those for cassava were 2.81, 16.80, and 205.41 Bqkg-1. The soil/plant radionuclide transfer ratio estimated are 0.62, 2.43 and 2.51 for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. All the radiological risk parameters estimated are relatively low. The result of this work showed that the obtained results for all samples were lower than the international accepted limit. Hence, from radiological health standpoint, the obtained values of effective doses may not pose significant threat to both human and the environment.
Assessment of Duration of Analgesia after Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block Using Bupivacaine With and Without Intravenous Dexamethasone: A Comparative Observational Study
Authors: Muzammil Mohammed , Sapra Aditya , Tiwari Awadh Bihari , Madhusudana H. N. , Arti . , Arya Jeet Singh , Majumdar Meghna
Published: January 2022

Aim: To compare and analyze the duration of analgesia after giving supraclavicular block using bupivacaine with and without intravenous dexamethasone.

Methodology: The study was done in a tertiary care teaching hospital over 06 months. All eligible 50 patients were divided into two groups of 25 each. Group A patients receiving block by 40 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine were compared with Group B patients receiving 40 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine along with 8 mg intravenous dexamethasone. Duration of analgesia was calculated from the time of pain relief after block to the appearance of pain or Numerical Scale Rating (NRS) more than four. Any other complications were also noted. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21, IBM Inc. As the data was found to be normally distributed bivariate analyses were performed using an independent t-test.

Results: Mean duration of analgesia was found to be significantly more among subjects given Analgesia with bupivacaine and iv dexamethasone as compared to subjects given Analgesia with bupivacaine only as p<0.05. No significant difference was seen in the distribution of complications like nausea and vomiting among the two study group when compared using Chi-square test as p>0.05.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the addition of dexamethasone supraclavicular brachial plexus block provides prolongation of the duration of the block and decreases the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting that may have a great impact on patient comfort.