bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vida y tiempo: un estudio sistemático sobre el rol de la temporalidad en la vida consciente según Aristóteles
Authors:   , Vera del Canto Claudio Andrés
Published: October 2023

El tema principal de la investigación que aquí se presenta es la dimensión temporal de la vida y, específicamente, del vivir siendo consciente de que se vive, dentro del marco de la filosofía aristotélica. Ello conlleva, por una parte, hacerse cargo de la auto-referencialidad que necesariamente implica el ser consciente de que se vive, así como de diversos tipos de actividades o experiencias que constituyen lo que se titulará vida consciente, por otra parte. En este sentido, la investigación arguye que la temporalidad, esto es, en cada caso, las estructuras explicativas del trasfondo y las determinaciones temporales que especifican diferentes actividades de origen anímico, juega un rol fundamental en lo que denominamos vida consciente, en la medida en que se presenta como una condición sin la cual no podría haber la auto-referencialidad que está a la base del carácter consciente de la vida en sus diversas formas. Asimismo, se argumenta que la base común sobre la que se monta todo caso específico de temporalidad, sea de orden sensitivo (senso-percepción; memoria), sea de orden intelectual (acción; contemplación teórica), yace en lo que se llamará “corriente psicológica”, lo cual constituye una tesis que adscribe una cierta modalidad de cambio o movimiento al alma, sin la cual ningún tipo de actividad consciente sería posible; a su vez, se muestra que dicha corriente que, en su nivel más básico y fundamental se origina en la experiencia senso-perceptiva, no es sino el resultado de la unificación de diversos flujos perceptivos que representan el modo en que la facultad perceptiva despliega su actividad, formando así, tanto un campo perceptivo unitario, como una experiencia perceptiva unitaria, que es el complejo con que genuina y primariamente se vincula el vivir consciente de la propia actividad y existencia. En orden a mostrar estos puntos, se comienza por introducir algunos aspectos metódicos referidos a la orientación de la investigación, que va desde el ámbito de las cosas hacia el análisis del funcionamiento anímico, así como el marco ontológico, que sirve de base histórico-sistemática a la introducción de las temáticas principales de esta misma; ambos asuntos son luego enfatizados en el desarrollo ulterior de los argumentos.
Higgs production channel classification in searches for long-lived dark photon jet decays with the ATLAS detector using machine learning
Authors:   , Chávez Raby Cristóbal
Published: October 2023

In studies looking for long-lived dark photons that produce displaced jet signatures in the ATLAS detector, analyses depend on cuts to ensure orthogonality between production modes of the Higgs boson. This thesis proposes the use of a trained machine learning model to replace these restrictive cuts. Three models are trained to classify events coming from ggF and VBF production modes and one is selected to replace currently used cuts. The selected model reaches a 92.2% accuracy on the VBF samples, an increase of 12 times the accuracy obtained from cuts; and a 97.8% accuracy for the ggF samples, statistically the same accuracy obtained from cuts. Using this model, orthogonality between VBF and ggF studies is assured while maintaining a large portion of the signal data available for analysis.
Correcciones termoeléctricas en el modelo sigma lineal
Authors:   , Rojas Díaz Cristóbal Emilio
Published: October 2023

Esta tesis consistió en la realización de cálculos correctivos a la autoenergía en el modelo sigma lineal acoplado con un campo eléctrico constante, para dos bosones en particular, el sigma y el pion neutro. Para dichos cálculos se consideró la corrección eléctrica y posteriormente electrotérmica, por lo que sólo se tomó en cuenta el efecto del loop fermiónico y del tadpole bosónico correspondiente al efecto de los piones cargados del modelo. Estos cálculos se obtuvieron en el régimen de campo débil, por lo que se expandió el propagador en series de potencias en E, correspondiente a la intensidad de campo eléctrico hasta orden E2 . Para temperatura cero se utilizó parámetros de Feynman y el programa de Mathematica para resolver las integrales que quedaron en función de dichos parámetros. Por otro lado en el caso de temperatura finita, se usó el formalismo a tiempo imaginario para obtener una integral en tres dimensiones junto con las sumas de Matsubara correspondientes, que fueron resueltas mediante dos aproximaciones: estableciendo el momento externo igual a cero y luego el límite de alta temperatura para poder calcular las integrales, por lo que el resultado obtenido para el caso termoeléctrico será solo válido para altas temperaturas.
Sensor de temperatura basado en Espectroscopía Raman del Agua
Authors:   , Camposano Moore María Paz
Published: October 2023

La relación entre la temperatura y salud del cuerpo humano es estrecha y por eso tener conocimiento de esta es importante. Aun así, existen situaciones en las que no es posible realizar ese monitoreo dado el contexto en que se encuentra el paciente. Uno de estos contextos complejos es el de resonancia magnética, donde los métodos convencionales no sirven dado los altos campos magnéticos o la distancia que existe con el paciente. Con el fin de desarrollar un sensor de temperatura de monitoreo continuo de uso clínico para contextos complejos, se estudió el comportamiento del espectro Raman de una muestra de agua a distintas temperaturas, realizando mediciones a temperaturas constantes y temperatura variable. Los espectros obtenidos constan de la superposición de dos curvas gaussianas de las cuales se obtuvieron parámetros a estudio: diferencia relativa entre los máximos, máximo, ancho y punto de máxima intensidad de cada una de las curvas. De estos parámetros, los de máximo interés fueron la diferencia relativa entre los máximos (d), máximo (I), ancho(A) y punto de máxima intensidad (ω) de cada una de las curvas. De estos parámetros, los de máximo interés fueron la diferencia de los máximos, el máximo y ancho de la primera curva, obteniendo: d = −0,0060 ± 0,0008 1/°C, I1 = −12,66 ± 0,9 1/°C, A1 = −0,35 ± 0,03 cm−1/°C para la modalidad continua y d = −0,0054 ± 0,0005 1/°C, I1= − 9,79 ± 0,02 1/°C, A1 = −0,38 ± 0,04 cm−1/°C para la modalidad variable. También se realizó un estudio de la sensitividad obteniendo un valor de ηT = 0,51 °C/√Hz y valor ηT = 0,5 °C/√Hz para cada una de las modalidades. Por tanto, para el sensor de temperatura el mejor candidato es la deferencia relativa de intensidades más un ajuste que se pueda realizar con el ancho del espectro
Loops in Holographic Correlators
Authors:   , Muñoz Sandoval Iván Ignacio
Published: October 2023

In the context of the Anti de-Sitter (AdS)/Conformal Field Theory (CFT) correspondence, we investigate the computation of holographic correlation functions for quantum fields in the bulk. Unlike the semi-classical approach, quantum computations involve Infra-Red (IR) and Ultra-Violet (UV) divergences. However, consistent with the semiclassical approximation, we find that IR infinities correspond to boundary divergences, while UV divergences correspond to the bulk. We present a systematic procedure for solving the perturbative quantum problem in the bulk. To illustrate our approach, we consider a Φ4 scalar field on a fixed AdS background and obtain the boundary correlation function in position and momentum space. In position space, we use two approximations: (i) we assume that the field is composed of the classical solution plus a quantum fluctuation, and we solve the classical part before using the holographic dictionary to obtain the quantum correction to the 2- and 4-point functions, requiring UV and IR renormalizations;(ii) using the quantum effective action, we renormalize the UV divergence from the equation of motions and then use the holographic dictionary to obtain the dual correlation function. Both formulations lead to the same conclusions and demonstrate that the bulk theory is renormalizable up to AdS7. Meanwhile, in momentum space, we use the background field method and renormalize the two-point function up to one loop, finding exact agreement with the position space computation. Finally, we provide a general set-up for obtaining the off-shell graviton bulk propagator, which is crucial for obtaining correlation functions for more realistic models.
Modelo del sistema circulatorio y de la distribución de dosis de radiación a los linfocitos circulantes durante tratamientos de radioterapia
Authors:   , López Martínez Ignacio Nicolás Demian
Published: October 2023

Numerosos estudios han mostrado un incremento de la supervivencia de los pacientes de varios tipos de cáncer al combinar radioterapia (RT) con inmunoterapia. No obstante, existe también evidencia de efectos negativos al sistema inmune por parte de la RT, como la linfopenia radioinducida, que corresponde a una caída del conteo linfocitario debido a la radioterapia. Debido a que los linfocitos circulantes (LC) están en constante movimiento a través del sistema circulatorio durante la RT, éstos no son considerados durante la planificación del tratamiento ni considerados como un órgano en riesgo. En este trabajo se busca generar una herramienta computacional que permita estimar la dosis recibida por los LC. Para esto se creó un nuevo modelo denominado CIRCO, que permite ser aplicado de forma personalizada a cada paciente de RT. Se tuvo acceso a datos de un estudio clínico, que incluyen tanto la información utilizada para planificar el tratamiento de RT como información de seguimiento del paciente, incluyendo conteos linfocitarios. Se generó un modelo de red del sistema circulatorio basada en la publicación 89 de la Comisión Internacional de Protección Radiológica (ICRP) y se adaptaron códigos computacionales previamente desarrollados que permiten calcular la dosis periférica de pacientes específicos, logrando así estimar la dosis a cada estructura de la red circulatoria. Finalmente, la dosis obtenida se usa como insumo del modelo de supervivencia linfocitaria desarrollado. Se obtiene una diferencia promedio de 12% (con un máximo de 26%) en número de LC aproximadamente un mes post tratamiento al comparar los datos clínicos y las estimaciones del modelo. Adicionalmente, se generó una interfaz que permite la rápida comunicación de los diferentes procesos necesarios para la estimación de la dosis a LC bajo un marco de trabajo denominado BLOOD.
Análisis de trayectorias de estudiantes en programas de alerta temprana adaptando técnicas de process mining
Authors:   , Stuardo Lobos Carolina
Published: October 2023

En los últimos tiempos, varias universidades han implementado Programas de Alerta Temprana (PAT) para mitigar el problema de la retención estudiantil, sin embargo, existen pocas propuestas en la literatura para analizar y comprender la evolución de las alertas recibidas por los estudiantes a lo largo del tiempo. Analizar cómo funciona un PAT a lo largo del tiempo permite comprender el efecto real que el programa tiene en los estudiantes. Además, facilita la evaluación de los criterios de alerta y medidas de apoyo. Este trabajo propone un análisis de un PAT que pone énfasis en la trayectoria de alertas recibidas por cada estudiante a través de la adaptación de técnicas de Process Mining. En particular, el análisis propuesto se aplica a los datos del PAT implementado en 2019 por la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Se obtuvieron modelos que facilitan la visualización de trayectorias de alerta. En ellos se observó que, en el caso particular analizado, alertar solo considerando el promedio ponderado acumulado dificulta la identificación de riesgos semestrales. Además, se identificó que la suspensión no es una buena medida de apoyo para los estudiantes alertados. También se observaron diferencias en las trayectorias de cada carrera analizada, y se identificó que las trayectorias de alerta en una carrera dependen de la vía de ingreso y del tipo de institución educativa de procedencia. Se concluye que el análisis propuesto contribuye a comprender las trayectorias de los estudiantes alertados, facilitando la visualización del impacto y evolución de la implementación del PAT, tanto a nivel individual como a nivel de grupos de estudiantes. El análisis puede ser adaptado y replicado en otros PAT, para comprender el efecto dinámico en el tiempo, más allá del indicador final de la tasa de deserción.
Use of Satellite-based Leaf Area Index Data for Monitoring Green Gram Crop Growth in Ikombe-Katangi Area, Machakos County, Kenya
Authors: Manzi, K. H.  , Ngene Shadrack , Gweyi-Onyango Joseph, P.
Published: October 2023

Monitoring the conditions under which crops grow and estimating their yield is essential to the process of economic development in any nation. The traditional approaches to crop monitoring are labor- and resource-intensive, as well as limited in their ability to cover expansive geographic regions. Since remote sensing data is integrated with ground measurements, it has been used as a potentially useful tool to extract biophysical variables such as leaf area index (LAI), biomass, and phenology. Leaf Area Index (LAI) is a key variable that bridges remote sensing observations to the quantification of agroecosystem processes such as yield. The potential of satellite-based LAI for monitoring crop growth was investigated and compared to field measurements. This was the objective of his study. High resolution leaf area index was retrieved from Landsat 8 OLI imageries, and ground leaf area index measurements were taken in Ikombe-Katangi Machakos in Machakos county. An equation based on regression was developed to estimate the leaf area index using the normalized difference vegetation index that was derived from Landsat-8 OLI (NDVI). According to the findings, the derived LAI exhibited strong linear relationships with the leaf area index that was measured on the ground for green gram crops, with RMSE values being 0.09846, and R2 values of 0.9249. The overall findings shed light on the viability of using multispectral data, in estimating leaf area index in a very fragmented agricultural landscape, such as that found in the Ikombe and Katangi areas of Machakos, Kenya. Therefore, accurate crop monitoring on a large scale can be accomplished through remote sensing data in conjunction with LAI measurements taken from the ground. The implementation of the leaf area index is subject to the environmental condition which requires to be investigated as the use of remote sensing data is advocated for. The advancement in the use of satellite data for extraction LAI data is key towards transforming crop production within Kenya ad Africa at large. Scarce resources for crop growth monitoring can now be augmented with open-source satellite datasets such as Landsat 8 in LAI estimation.
Investigation of Physical and Frictional Properties of Mustard Seed Varieties to Design inclined Plate Metering Mechanism
Authors: Singh Vivekanand , Moses Sheen Cline , Aalam Rana Noor , D’souza Prashant M.
Published: October 2023

The physical and frictional properties were studied for three distinct mustard seed varieties: RLC-1, GSC-7, and PBR-91, with the primary objective of designing an efficient inclined plate seed metering mechanism for agricultural seeders. Mustard, a globally significant oilseed crop, plays a vital role in both agriculture and industry. Our comprehensive analysis encompassed various properties, including seed dimensions, test weight (1000 seed), moisture content, geometric mean diameters, surface area, bulk density, true density, sphericity, angle of repose, and coefficients of friction on plywood and GI sheet surfaces.

The results revealed significant variations among the mustard seed varieties. For instance, RLC-1 seeds exhibited lengths of 4.029 ± 0.37 mm, widths of 2.210 ± 0.31 mm, and thicknesses of 0.851 ± 0.19 mm, whereas GSC-7 displayed lengths of 4.110 ± 0.42 mm, widths of 2.300 ± 0.35 mm, and thicknesses of 0.910 ± 0.24 mm. Additionally, GI sheet surfaces exhibited a lower coefficient of friction compared to plywood.

This comprehensive dataset informs the design of tailored seed metering mechanisms, optimizing seed handling, minimizing damage and losses, and reducing blockage during seeding operations, thereby enhancing overall efficiency in mustard crop cultivation and seeding technology.
Something Magical
Authors: Emeli Iyesatta Massaquoi
Published: October 2023

In this narrative medicine essay, an emergency medicine physician felt the full embrace of health care but not before she surmounted communication barriers that could have negatively affected her health.
The CMS Strategy to Promote Equity in Quality and Value Programs
Authors: Jacobs Douglas B. , Schreiber Michelle , Seshamani Meena
Published: October 2023

This Viewpoint discusses the CMS approach to incentivize excellent care for underserved populations.
The cell division protein ZapE is targeted by the antibiotic aztreonam to induce cell filamentation in Escherichia coli
Authors: Guru Ankeeta , Taviti Ashoka Chary , Sethy Madhusmita , Ray Srusti , Dixit Anshuman , Beuria Tushar Kant
Published: October 2023

Bacterial division is mediated by a protein complex called the Z‐ring, and Z‐ring associated protein E (ZapE) is a Z‐ring‐associated protein that acts as its negative regulator. In the present study, we show that treatment of Escherichia coli with the antibiotic aztreonam stabilized the Z‐ring, induced filamentation, and reduced viability, with similar phenotypes being observed in ZapE deletion strains. Aztreonam treatment decreased ZapE expression, and the overexpression of ZapE rescued filamentous morphology significantly and viability partially. However, overexpression of filamentous temperature sensitive I (FtsI), a known target of aztreonam, could not rescue the filamentation. Interestingly, overexpression of ZapE and FtsI together was able to rescue both filamentous morphology and cell viability. Using in silico and biochemical analyses, we show that aztreonam directly interacts with ZapE. Our study suggests that the inhibitory effects of aztreonam in E. coli could be mediated by targeting ZapE.
Intelligent Liquid Crystal Elastomer Actuators with High Mechanical Strength, Self‐Sensing, and Automatic Control
Authors: Min Jiayuan , Wu Zongxuan , Zhang Wei , Liu Yanjun , Luo Dan
Published: October 2023

Self‐sensing liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) actuators with integration of sensing and actuating have attracted significant attention in health monitoring and physical rehabilitation therapy. However, the development of LCE actuators equipped with high mechanical strength, self‐sensing capabilities, and automatic control simultaneously is still a significant challenge. Here, intelligent self‐sensing LCE actuators with high mechanical strength and automatic control are demonstrated by doping carbon‐materials composite of graphite and carbon black. The proposed actuators, driven by the electrothermal effect, demonstrate a significant increase in the ratio of lifted object mass/self‐weight ratio up to 1168 times, which is then tested in activities such as football kicking and arm swinging of a doll. The self‐sensing LCE actuators possess a 30% actuation strain and have real‐time sensing capability during Joule heating. They can be programmed by control circuits based on conditional logic judgments of the target. In addition, a smart glove equipped with self‐sensing LCE actuators, which have high mechanical strength and an automatic control system for assisting finger movement, is also demonstrated. The proposed LCE actuator shows great potential for applications in assisting finger movement, aiding in joint and knee recovery, and other smart physical rehabilitation therapy applications.
Effect of the Nature of Both Cation and Anion Substitution on the Structural Symmetry of Li‐Rich 3d‐Metal Chalcogenide Electrodes
Authors: Louis Jacques , Robert Clara , Leube Bernhard T. , Chaupatnaik Anshuman , Sunariwal Neelam , Kumar Khagesh , Roy Indrani , Rousse Gwenaëlle , Cabana Jordi , Doublet Marie‐Liesse , Tarascon Jean‐Marie
Published: October 2023

Li‐rich layered chalcogenides have recently led to better understanding of the anionic redox process and its associated high capacity while providing ways to overcome its practical limitations of voltage fade and irreversibility. This study reports on the feasibility of triggering anionic activity in Li2TiS3, through anionic substitution (Se for S) or cationic substitution (Fe for Ti). Herein, the chalcogenide chemical space is further explored to prepare mono‐substituted Li1.7Ti0.85Mn0.45Ch3 (Ch = S/Se) and doubly substituted cationic and anionic phases (Li1.7Ti0.85Fe0.45S3‐zSez) which crystallize either in the O3‐ or O1‐type structures depending upon substituents. All series show a bell‐shape capacity variation as function of the transition metal (TM) substitution degree with values up to 240 mAh g−1. For specific compositions, a structural O3 to O1 phase transition is observed upon Li removal, which is not reversible upon Li re‐insertion due to kinetic limitations and negatively affects long‐term cycling performance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm the O3/O1 relative stability along the different series and point subtle electronic differences in the TM‐doping, rationalizing the structural and electrochemical behaviors of these phases upon cycling. These findings provide further insights into the link between structural and electronic stability, which is of key importance for designing chalcogenide‐based anionic redox compounds.
Spatial Structure Engineering of Interactive Single Platinum Sites toward Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Ye Chao , Shan Jieqiong , Zhu Chongzhi , Xu Wenjie , Song Li , Zhu Yihan , Zheng Yao , Qiao Shi‐Zhang
Published: October 2023

Regulating site‐to‐site interactions between active sites can effectively tailor the electrocatalytic behavior of single‐atom catalysts (SACs). The conventional SACs suffer from low density of single atoms and lack of site‐to‐site interactions between them. Herein, a series of interactive Pt SACs with controllable Pt–Pt spatial correlation degree and local coordination environment is developed by integrating densely populated Pt single atoms in the sub‐lattice of a Co3O4 matrix. The obtained interactive Pt‐Co3O4 catalysts demonstrate remarkable electrocatalytic performance toward hydrogen production, outperforming those of isolated single atom‐ and nanoparticle‐based catalysts. The intrinsic catalytic activity of interactive Pt‐Co3O4 catalysts is closely dependent on the spatial structure of Pt sites with the adjusted d‐band center by regulating contents and atomic configuration of Pt sites. This work provides fundamental insights for the structure‐property relationship on interactive single active sites, which is expected to direct the rational design of highly efficient SACs.
The importance of patient‐specific resources for families dealing with prenatal rare diseases
Authors: Shukla Dhyanam P. , Cutshall Jennifer Ortiz , van der Heijden Lex , Schindewolf Erica , Sheppard Sarah E.
Published: October 2023

Rare diseases (RDs) are defined as diseases that affect a low number of the population. Prenatal diagnoses of RDs can add a lot of unique stress for parents. For example, parents who have prenatal diagnoses experience not only grief of expectation, but are forced to become patient advocates with incomplete information as their child is not yet born, and in many cases parents experience a lot of uncertainty. This typically involves seeking support groups and finding pre‐ and postnatal specialists all which come with mental and financial cost. Here we discuss the importance of targeted patient resources for parents to help alleviate some of their stress. Patient advocacy organizations can be incredibly useful for parents to navigate the complex healthcare system and help mitigate feelings of isolation, especially when parents can talk to others in a similar situation. We collaborated with a patient organization to create a prenatal parent support guide to address how parental needs such as mental well‐being and practicing self‐care can be met. We hope that resources such as these can help empower those with a pregnancy affected with a RD diagnosis.
Propeller vs Quasi‐Planar 6‐Cantilever Small Molecular Platforms with Extremely Two‐Dimensional Conjugated Extension
Authors: Xu Zheng , Li Shitong , Huang Fangfang , He Tengfei , Jia Xinyuan , Liang Huazhe , Guo Yaxiao , Long Guankui , Kan Bin , Yao Zhaoyang , Li Chenxi , Wan Xiangjian , Chen Yongsheng
Published: October 2023

Two exotic 6‐cantilever small molecular platforms, characteristic of quite different molecular configurations of propeller and quasi‐plane, are established by extremely two‐dimensional conjugated extension. When applied in small molecular acceptors, the only two cases of CH25 and CH26 that could contain six terminals and such broad conjugated backbones have been afforded thus far, rendering featured absorptions, small reorganization and exciton binding energies. Moreover, their distinctive but completely different molecular geometries result in sharply contrasting nanoscale film morphologies. Finally, CH26 contributes to the best device efficiency of 15.41 % among acceptors with six terminals, demonstrating two pioneered yet highly promising 6‐cantilever molecular innovation platforms.
Analysis of the water‐vapor sources in rainstorm processes in Tianjin city based on the trajectory method
Authors: Shi Kaifang , Lang Qi , Huang Yuefei , Zhao Jie , Wang Haozhi , Chen Guoxin , Zhang Qian , Yin Hang , Su Yang , Wang Peng
Published: October 2023

Tianjin, one of the four municipalities in China, is the eastern gate of the capital city of Beijing and is of great socioeconomic importance. When rainstorms attack Tianjin, urban flooding often occurs due to the dense river network, well‐developed water system and flat terrain. In this study, the source analysis of water vapor in rainstorm processes in Tianjin during 2012–2020 is conducted based on the moisture source attribution method, and the PyTrajector and HYSPLIT softwares. Then, the evolution characteristics of rainstorms in Tianjin are investigated. The results show that the rainstorm water‐vapor sources in Tianjin city can be roughly divided into four directions. The west and southwest directions are the main source, which contribute about 89% of the water vapor to the rainstorms. For heavy rainstorm, the water vapor from the southwest direction contributes about 60%, which is larger than that of rainstorm. The southwest direction is the main water vapor source of heavy rainstorm in Tianjin and has the main effect on the water vapor fluctuations during heavy rainstorm. For the more hazardous extraordinary rainstorm, the water vapor from the southwest direction occupies an even larger proportion (74.3%). The annual total rainstorm precipitation in Tianjin city in 2012 was more than that in common years, and this is mainly due to the anomalous increase of water vapor from the southwest direction. This result further indicates that the annual total rainstorm precipitation in Tianjin is mainly influenced by the water vapor from the southwest direction. This study reveals that the majority of rainstorm in Tianjin originates from the western and southwestern directions, but significant heavy rainstorm events in Tianjin are particularly influenced by moisture from the southwestern direction. This research holds crucial implications not only for meteorological and water resource management in Tianjin but also provides valuable insights for global urban flood risk studies.
Ingenieurskunst im Experiment: die Multihalle Mannheim
Authors: Stahl Jochen , Rosenkranz Christian
Published: October 2023

Die Mannheimer Multihalle, ein Meisterwerk der Ingenieurbaukunst, bedarf einer umfassenden Sanierung. Die einzigartige freitragende Gitterschale, entworfen von Frei Otto, wurde ursprünglich als temporäres Bauwerk für die Bundesgartenschau 1975 konzipiert. Nach der Veranstaltung wurde die Halle vielseitig genutzt, doch im Laufe der Jahre traten Verformungen und Schäden auf, die eine Sanierung unabdingbar machen. Die Herausforderung besteht darin, die Tragwirkung der Konstruktion zu erhalten, baurechtliche Anforderungen zu erfüllen und die Originalsubstanz so weit wie möglich zu bewahren. Das Ingenieurbüro Fast+Epp ist für die Sanierung der Dachkonstruktion verantwortlich und setzt dabei auf eine experimentelle Herangehensweise. Ein evolutionärer Optimierungsalgorithmus wird eingesetzt, um die Verstärkungsbereiche zu bestimmen und den Holzverbrauch zu minimieren. Das Sanierungskonzept sieht auch eine partielle Rückverformung der Gitterschale vor, um sowohl das Tragverhalten zu verbessern als auch den ästhetischen Charakter des Leichtbaus zu erhalten. Im Rahmen der Sanierung wird eine probeweise Instandsetzung durchgeführt, um fundierte Erkenntnisse über die Machbarkeit und die Auswirkungen zu gewinnen. Die Sanierung der Multihalle ist eine komplexe Aufgabe, bei der sowohl technische als auch denkmalpflegerische Aspekte berücksichtigt werden müssen.
Evaluation of expression systems for recombinant protein production in chicken egg bioreactors
Authors: Kajihara Ryota , Ezaki Ryo , Watanabe Tenkai , Ichikawa Kennosuke , Matsuzaki Mei , Horiuchi Hiroyuki
Published: October 2023

Chicken eggs have gained attention as excellent bioreactors because of their genetic modifications. However, the development of chicken egg bioreactors requires a long time from the construction of the production system to the evaluation of the products. Therefore, in this study, a chicken cell line producing ovalbumin (OVA) was established and constructed a system for the rapid evaluation of the production system. First, the EF1α promoter was knocked in upstream of the OVA locus in chicken DF‐1 cells for continuous OVA expression. Furthermore, an ideal position at the OVA locus for the insertion of useful protein genes to maximize recombinant protein yield was analyzed and identified. The knocking in the EF1α promoter upstream of exon1 yielded the maximum production of OVA protein was achieved. In addition, Linking a recombinant hFGF2 cDNA to the 5′ side of the OVA was found to increase production efficiency. Therefore, an OVA‐expressing cell line and an evaluation system for proteins in chicken egg bioreactors was established. The findings may improve the efficiency of chicken expression systems and expand their applications in protein production.
The Discovery of Novel Small Oxindole‐Based Inhibitors Targeting the SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease (Mpro)
Authors: Alzyoud Lara , Mahgoub Radwa E. , Mohamed Feda E. , Ali Bassam R. , Ferreira Juliana , Rabeh Wael M. , Atatreh Noor , Ghattas Mohammad A.
Published: October 2023

With the potential for coronaviruses to re‐emerge and trigger future pandemics, the urgent development of antiviral inhibitors against SARS‐CoV‐2 is essential. The Mpro enzyme is crucial for disease progression and the virus‘s life cycle. It possesses allosteric sites that can hinder its catalytic activity, with some of these sites located at or near the dimerization interface. Among them, sites #2 and #5 possess druggable pockets and are predicted to bind drug‐like molecules. Consequently, a commercially available ligand library containing ~7 million ligands was used to target site #2 via structure‐based virtual screening. After extensive filtering, docking, and post‐docking analyses, 53 compounds were chosen for biological testing. An oxindole derivative was identified as a Mpro non‐competitive reversible inhibitor with a Ki of 115 μM and an IC50 of 101.9 μM. Throughout the 200 ns‐long MD trajectories, our top hit has shown a very stable binding mode, forming several interactions with residues in sites #2 and #5. Moreover, derivatives of our top hit were acquired for biological testing to gain deeper insights into their structure‐activity relationship. To sum up, drug‐like allosteric inhibitors seem promising and can provide us with an additional weapon in our war against the recent pandemic, and possibly other coronaviruses‐caused diseases.
Chondroid lipoma that may mimic malignancy: A case report
Authors: Alsaleh Nuha
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical Message

Chondroid lipoma is rare benign lipomatous lesion could mimic other soft tissue tumor.
Abnormal origin of right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta in an infant (“Hemitruncus”)
Authors: Tsoutsinos Alexandros , Germanakis Ioannis , Kanakis Meletios , Samanidis George , Despotopoulos Stefanos , Kousi Theofili , Katsilouli Spyridoula , Karapanagiotou Olga , Bobos Dimitrios
Published: October 2023

Key Clinical Message

Anomalous origin of right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta is a rare congenital malformation and it needs surgical management. Consequences of this condition affect lead to pulmonary hypertension and severe pulmonary vascular disease.

Anomalous origin of right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta is a rare congenital heart malformation that results in early infant mortality affecting the right pulmonary artery more than the left. These patients are at risk for the early development of significant pulmonary hypertension. The surgical management during the early period of life is imperative.
Cathodic Electrolysis: Electroreductive Organic Synthesis
Authors: K Bijaya B. , Lingden Chetan Prasad , Pokhrel Tamlal , Paudel Manisha , Sajid Kiran , Adhikari Achyut , Shirinfar Bahareh , Ahmed Nisar
Published: October 2023

Cathodic reductive electrolysis in organic transformations is used to generate radical anions. These electrochemical reduction reactions are very useful in various carbonyl groups transformation (such as aldehydes, ketones, esters, and amides), new bond formations as well as reduction of saturated and unsaturated molecules. Reductive electrocarboxylation reactions to access various valuable chemicals are one of the important applications of cathodic reductive electrolysis. Herein, we review particularly the electrochemical organic transformation reactions taking place at the cathode. We also discuss how alternative strategies such as paired electrolysis, photo‐electrolysis, and alternating current electrolysis can be used to overcome the limitations associated with cathodic electrolysis and how they will improve sustainable electrochemical transformations.
Isolated Dimers Versus Solid‐State Dimers of N‐Heteropolycycles: Matrix‐Isolation Spectroscopy in Concert with Quantum Chemistry
Authors: Germer Stefan , Bauer Marco , Hübner Olaf , Marten Ramona , Dreuw Andreas , Himmel Hans‐Jörg
Published: October 2023

In this work, matrix‐isolation spectroscopy and quantum‐chemical calculations are used together to analyse the structure and properties of weakly bound dimers of the two isomers benzo[a]acridine and benzo[c]acridine. Our measured experimental electronic absorbance spectra agree with simulated spectra calculated for the equilibrium structures of the dimers in gas‐phase, but in contrast, disagree with the simulated spectra calculated for the structures obtained by optimising the experimental solid‐state structures. This highlights the sensitivity of the electronic excitations with respect to the dimer structures. The comparison between the solid‐state and gas‐phase dimers shows how far the intermolecular interactions could change the geometric and electronic structure in a disordered bulk material or at device interfaces, imposing consequences for exciton and charge mobility and other material properties.
Regular Arrays of Rod‐Shaped Molecular Photoswitches: Synthesis, Preparation, Characterization, and Selective Photoswitching within Mono‐ and Bilayer Systems
Authors: Severa Lukáš , Santos Hurtado Carina , Rončević Igor , Mašát Milan , Bastien Guillaume , Štoček Jakub Radek , Dračínský Martin , Houska Václav , Kaletová Eva , Garza Danielle John , Císařová Ivana , Cimatu Katherine Leslee A. , Bastl Zdeněk , Kaleta Jiří
Published: October 2023

We assembled photoresponsive mono‐ and bilayer systems with well‐defined properties from rod‐shaped molecules equipped with different photoswitches. Using properly chosen chromophores (diarylethene‐based switch and unidirectional light‐driven molecular motor), we then selectively targeted layers made of the same types of photoswitches using appropriate monochromatic light. UV‐vis analysis confirmed smooth and unrestricted photoisomerization. To achieve this, we synthesized a new class of triptycene‐based molecular pedestals adept at forming sturdy Langmuir‐Blodgett films on a water‐air interface. The films were smoothly transferred to gold and quartz surfaces. Repeated deposition afforded bilayer systems: one layer containing diarylethene‐based photoswitches and the other a unidirectional light‐driven molecular motor. Structural analysis of both mono‐ and bilayer systems revealed the molecules to be tilted with carboxylic functions pointing to the surface. At least two different polymorphs differing in monolayer thickness and tilt angle (~40° and ~60°) were identified on the gold surface.
Association of the m6A reader IGF2BP3 with tumor progression and brain‐specific metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Li Yang , Cao Jun , Wang Jianfeng , Wu Weidong , Jiang Liren , Sun Xing
Published: October 2023

Background

This study aimed to determine the role of insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3), an N6‐methyladinosine reader, in the progression and distant metastasis of breast cancer.

Methods

IGF2BP3 expression was assessed in 152 pairs of breast cancer and adjacent normal tissue (ANT) by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and in 561 cases of breast cancer and 163 cases of ANT by immunohistochemistry. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and then compared statistically using the log‐rank test. The prognostic role of IGF2BP3 was determined by Cox regression analysis.

Results

Analysis of public gene data sets revealed that IGF2PB3 predicted distant metastasis in breast cancer and was highly correlated with brain metastasis. In the clinical retrospective cohort, the positive rate of IGF2BP3 increased gradually with breast cancer progression. Positive IGF2BP3 expression was related to poor distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS, p = .030) and Cox regression analysis identified IGF2BP3 as an independent risk factor for DMFS (hazard ratio, 1.876; 95% confidence interval, 1.128–3.159; p = .019). Positive IGF2BP3 expression was markedly related to breast cancer brain metastasis (p = .011) but not to lung and bone metastasis. Moreover, patients with IGF2BP3‐positive brain metastasis had lower survival than patients with IGF2BP3‐negative brain metastasis (p = .041). Gene expression profiling results indicated that high IGF2BP3 expression was associated with the PD‐1 checkpoint pathway, HER2‐HER3 signaling, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition.

Conclusions

IGF2BP3 may serve as a novel predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer brain metastasis, which warrants further investigation.

Plain Language Summary

As an m6A reader, IGF2BP3 is dysregulated and implicated in various cancers but its role in breast cancer has not been fully clarified.

In this study, we found that IGF2BP3 was upregulated in breast cancer and IGF2BP3 expression increased gradually during breast cancer progression.

IGF2BP3 expression exerted no effect on the overall survival and breast cancer–specific survival of breast cancer patients; however, IGF2BP3‐positive patients were more likely to develop distant metastasis than IGF2BP3‐negative patients.

In addition, IGF2BP3 was associated with brain‐specific metastasis in breast cancer patients.

These findings warrant further investigation because they provide a rationale for novel predictive or therapeutic approaches.
Plasma extrachromosomal circular DNA is a pathophysiological hallmark of short‐term intensive insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes
Authors: Xu Zhe , He Junyu , Han Peng , Dai Peiji , Lv Wei , Liu Nian , Liu Liyi , Liu Liehua , Pan Xiaoguang , Xiang Xi , Li Hanbo , Ge Fangfang , Gao Shan , Liao Zhihong , Luo Yonglun , Li Yanbing
Published: October 2023

Background

Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker for disease diagnosis and prognosis prediction. However, its role in type 2 diabetes remains unexplored.

Objective

To investigate the characteristics and dynamics of circulating eccDNAs in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients undergoing short‐term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT), a highly effective treatment for inducing long‐term glycemic remission.

Methods

We conducted Circle‐Seq analysis on plasma samples from 35 T2DM patients at three time points: pre‐SIIT, post‐SIIT, and 1‐year post‐SIIT. Our analysis encompassed the characterization of eccDNA features, including GC content, eccDNA length distribution, genomic distribution, and the genes in eccDNAs.

Results

Following SIIT, we observed an increase in plasma eccDNA load, suggesting metabolic alterations during therapy. Notably, a correlation was identified between eccDNA profiles and glycemia in T2DM, both quantitatively and genetically. Our analysis also revealed the frequent presence of metabolism‐related genes within T2DM plasma eccDNAs, some of which spanned gene exons and/or fractions.

Conclusion

This study represents the first report of cell‐free eccDNA in T2DM and underscores a compelling association between cell‐free eccDNA and profound glycemic changes. These findings highlight the potential of eccDNAs as crucial players in the context of T2DM and glycemic control.
DNA metabarcoding assessment of Neotropical ichthyoplankton communities is marker‐dependent
Authors: Teixeira Daniel Fonseca , Hilário Heron Oliveira , Santos Gilmar Bastos , Carvalho Daniel Cardoso
Published: October 2023

The study of ichthyoplankton is paramount to understanding fish assemblages' reproductive dynamics. DNA metabarcoding has been applied as a rapid, cost‐effective, and accurate taxonomy tool, allowing the identification of multiple individuals simultaneously. However, there remain significant challenges when using DNA metabarcoding, such as molecular marker choice according to the taxonomic resolution and length of the fragment to be sequenced, primer bias, incomplete reference databases, and qualitative inference incongruences. Here, 30 ichthyoplankton pools collected from a Neotropical river were identified at a molecular level using DNA metabarcoding to compare the resolution, sensibility, specificity, and relative read abundance (RRA) recovery of three molecular markers: the standard COI fragment (650 pb, with each end analyzed individually) and two short 12S rRNA genes markers (≅200 bp – NeoFish and MiFish markers). The combined use of the three markers increased the genera detection rates by 25%–87.5%, allowing an increased taxonomic coverage and robust taxonomic identification of complex Neotropical ichthyoplankton communities. RRA is marker‐dependent, indicating caution is still needed while inferring species abundance based on DNA metabarcoding data when using PCR‐dependent protocols.
Application of microfluidic technologies in forensic analysis
Authors: Guo Yuxin , Zhang Xingru , Zhang Haoqing , Liu Yaoshun , Shi Jianfeng , Meng Haotian , Chen Xin , Lan Qiong , Zhu Bofeng
Published: October 2023

The application of microfluidic technology in forensic medicine has steadily expanded over the last two decades due to the favorable features of low cost, rapidity, high throughput, user‐friendliness, contamination‐free, and minimum sample and reagent consumption. In this context, bibliometric methods were adopted to visualize the literature information contained in the Science Citation Index Expanded from 1989 to 2022, focusing on the co‐occurrence analysis of forensic and microfluidic topics. A deep interpretation of the literature was conducted based on co‐occurrence results, in which microfluidic technologies and their applications in forensic medicine, particularly forensic genetics, were elaborated. The purpose of this review is to provide an impartial evaluation of the utilization of microfluidic technology in forensic medicine. Additionally, the challenges and future trends of implementing microfluidic technology in forensic genetics are also addressed.
Naringenin ameliorates collagen‐induced arthritis through activating AMPK‐mediated autophagy in macrophages
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Yuan , Zhang Jianguang , Deng Chunbiao , Zhang Chao
Published: October 2023

Background

Naringenin is widely recognized for its notable attributes, including anti‐inflammatory, anti‐cancer, and immunomodulatory activities. However, its specific implications for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and pharmacological mechanism of Naringenin in the treatment of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA).

Methods

A CIA model was established in DBA/1 mice, and various doses of Naringenin were administered orally to assess its impact on RA. The study also involved lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced RAW264.7 cells to further evaluate the effects of Naringenin. Mechanistic studies were conducted to elucidate the signaling pathways involved in Naringenin's actions.

Results

Naringenin significantly alleviated foot inflammation in DBA/1 CIA mice and attenuated the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in serum. It also enhanced antioxidant capacity in the CIA model. In vitro studies with LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells demonstrated that Naringenin attenuated pro‐inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Mechanistic studies confirmed that Naringenin activated autophagy and increased autophagic flux. Blocking autophagy, either by silencing Atg5 or inhibiting autophagolysosome using chloroquine, effectively counteracted the impact of Naringenin on pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Further exploration revealed that Naringenin activated the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway, and inhibition of AMPK reversed the initiation of autophagy and reduced pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion induced by Naringenin.

Conclusions

This study unveils a novel mechanism by which Naringenin may be used to treat RA. It demonstrates the therapeutic efficacy of Naringenin in a CIA model by reducing inflammation, modulating cytokine levels, and enhancing antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the activation of autophagy through the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway appears to play a critical role in Naringenin's anti‐inflammatory effects. These findings suggest potential strategies for the development of anti‐rheumatic medications based on Naringenin.
Interaction between creation and appreciation: How linguistic art creation impacts the aesthetic evaluation of haiku poetry and ink paintings
Authors: Hitsuwari Jimpei , Nomura Michio
Published: October 2023

In the psychology of aesthetics, compared with appreciation, there are fewer studies on art creation. This study aims to examine the influence of art creation on appreciation using haiku poetry with reference to the Mirror Model—a process model combining creation and appreciation. Although the model has been primarily used to examine visual arts, we examine its applicability to linguistic arts. In addition, we use ink painting to examine whether a generalisation across artistic genres can occur. The 115 participants were divided into two conditions—creation and control. The former created haiku before and after appreciation, while the latter did not create any haiku. The results showed no improvement in evaluation through creation. Additionally, recognising the difficulty related to creation leads to aesthetic evaluation, and this relationship is mediated by awe. These results expand the existing information regarding the Mirror Model in terms of the different art genres.