bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hall and Ion-Slip Currents Effects on Unsteady MHD Fluid Flow over an Inclined Plate with Inclined Magnetic Field and Variable Temperature
Authors: Islam Mohammad Rafiqul , Nasrin Sonia
Published: May 2021

A numerical study is performed to investigate the effect of Hall and Ion-slip current on unsteady MHD viscous electrically conducting fluid over an electrically non-conducting inclined plate, which is along the plate under the strong inclined magnetic field. The magnetic Reynolds number of flows is taken very small so that the induced magnetic field equation is ignored in our analysis. The governing equations are derived from the Navier-Stokes equation, Energy equation and Concentration equation and boundary layer approximation has been employed. The obtained non-linear, non-dimensional coupled governing equations are solved by using numerical methods of explicit finite difference for velocity, temperature and concentration. The flows are affected by the inclined angle. The effect of necessary important relevant parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration distributions has been discussed in detail and also the shear stress, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are explained and compare it with its natural behavior, as well as graphically.
Comparison of Traditional and Hybrid Time Series Models for Forecasting COVID-19 Cases
Authors: Prajapati Samyak , Swaraj Aman , Lalwani Ronak , Narwal Akhil , Verma Karan , Singh Ghanshyam , Kumar Ashok
Published: May 2021

Background: Time series forecasting methods play a critical role in estimating the spread of an epidemic. The coronavirus outbreak of December 2019 has already infected millions all over the world and continues to spread. Just when the curve of the outbreak had started to flatten, many countries have again started to witness a rise in cases which is now being referred to as the 2nd wave of the pandemic. A thorough analysis of time-series forecasting models is therefore required to equip state authorities and health officials with immediate strategies for future times.Objective: The aims of the study are three-fold: (a) To model the overall trend of the spread; (b) To generate a short-term forecast of 10 days in countries with the highest incidence of confirmed cases (USA, India and Brazil); (c) To quantitatively determine the algorithm that is best suited for precise modelling of the linear and non-linear features of the time series.Comparison: The comparison of forecasting models for the total cumulative cases of each country is carried out by comparing the reported data and the predicted value, and then ranking the algorithms (Prophet, Holt-Winters, LSTM, ARIMA, and ARIMA-NARNN) based on their RMSE, MAE and MAPE values.Result: The hybrid combination of ARIMA and NARNN (Nonlinear Auto-Regression Neural Network) gave the best result among the selected models with a reduced RMSE, which proved to be almost 35.3% better than one of the most prevalent methods of time-series prediction (ARIMA).Conclusion: The results demonstrated the efficacy of the hybrid implementation of the ARIMA-NARNN model over other forecasting methods such as Prophet, Holt-Winters, LSTM, and the ARIMA model in encapsulating the linear as well as non-linear patterns of the epidemical datasets.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for DR Congo (#CCG)
Authors: Cannone Carla , Allington Lucy , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger
Published: May 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling in developing countries, thereby causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for DR Congo, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and two stylized scenarios (Fossil Future and Least Cost) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Gabon (#CCG)
Authors: Allington Lucy , Cannone Carla , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger , Cronin Jen
Published: May 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to starting energy system modelling in developing countries, thereby causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Gabon, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and three stylized scenarios (Fossil Future, Least Cost and Net Zero by 2050) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Assessing the Livelihood Strategies of Intensive Vegetable Farmers in the surge of Urbanisation in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana
Authors: Adusei Frank Yeboah
Published: May 2021

Generally, the objective was to describe the livelihood strategies of intensive vegetable farmers in Kumasi Metropolis. The specific objectives were: to investigate the contributions made by intensive vegetable production, assess the livelihood strategies of the farmers and make new strategies for them to cope with the decreasing land size. The study used the case study technique for data collection. Checklists were used for data collection through semi-structured interviews. Ten participants were selected, eight farmers and two Agricultural Officers. The size of the participants was influenced by difficulty in getting farmers in the Kumasi metropolis. Besides, the intent was to become full with information on the topic at hand but not to maximize numbers. Descriptive and qualitative methods were used to present the primary data collected. The results showed that all the farmers interviewed were food secured. However, the main livelihood strategies employed by them were growing vegetables that are early maturing and investing in non-traditional animal rearing. It was evident that intensive vegetable farming provides fresh vegetables for a large segment of the urban population. It provides employment and income to a host of people including the farmers, marketers and urban poor as farm labourers which helps them to improve their food security status. Although livelihoods were primarily constrained by the loss of lands for residential purposes due to urbanization. It could be inferred that the significant features of farming as a food security strategy have not been fully understood by some stakeholders including policymakers.
Groundwater quality assessment of Dashtestan using WQI index in 2007
Authors: Sorkhabi Omid Memarian
Published: May 2021

Water is a major source of economic development, social security and poverty reduction. The value of this resource on the one hand and its limitation on the other hand has led to increased management measures to maintain the quantity and quality of water by different communities. In this research, the water quality index (WQI) for the Dehroud and Tang Eram regions of Dashtestan in 2007 has been investigated. The average WQI in 2007 is 66,798. WQI was better off in the Northeast in 2007 than in the Southeast. The maximum values ​​of PH, TDS and EC in 2007 are 7.9, 5000 and 7500, respectively.
11 Tera-FLOP/s photonic convolutional accelerator and deep learning optical neural networks
Authors: Moss David
Published: May 2021

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), inspired by biological visual cortex systems, are a powerful category of artificial neural networks that can extract the hierarchical features of raw data to greatly reduce the network parametric complexity and enhance the predicting accuracy. They are of significant interest for machine learning tasks such as computer vision, speech recognition, playing board games and medical diagnosis [1-7]. Optical neural networks offer the promise of dramatically accelerating computing speed to overcome the inherent bandwidth bottleneck of electronics. Here, we demonstrate a universal optical vector convolutional accelerator operating beyond 10 Tera-FLOPS (floating point operations per second), generating convolutions of images of 250,000 pixels with 8-bit resolution for 10 kernels simultaneously — enough for facial image recognition. We then use the same hardware to sequentially form a deep optical CNN with ten output neurons, achieving successful recognition of full 10 digits with 900 pixel handwritten digit images with 88% accuracy. Our results are based on simultaneously interleaving temporal, wavelength and spatial dimensions enabled by an integrated microcomb source. This approach is scalable and trainable to much more complex networks for demanding applications such as unmanned vehicle and real-time video recognition.
A Novel Approach to Prevent Cloud Infrastructure against Cache Attacks
Authors: Ainapure Bharati Sanjay
Published: May 2021

In cloud computing resources like software and hardware are shared among multiple users by creating multiple instances of virtual machines (VMs). System cache is one of resource which is shared by Virtual machines in cloud environment. Such Virtual machines are targeted for abnormal activity like side channel attacks. Cache based side channel attack is one of the side channel attacks on cloud environments which leaks the private information of the client. The proposed approach includes the detection and prevention of cache based side channel attack in cloud infrastructure. The approach is based on two components: virtual machine status collection in the form of log files and use of fuzzy logic to detect and prevent the cache attack. Fuzzy logic defines set of fuzzy rules to identify the cache attack from the log file. The proposed approach could attain a maximum of 78.15%, 80.04%, and 82.16% of accuracy at 10, 20 and 30 sec. of time intervals.
Fundierter Einstieg in die Praxis medienpädagogischer Projekte mit digitalen Spielen
Authors: Holze Jens
Published: May 2021

Rezension zu
Geisler, Martin. 2019. Digitale Spiele in der Medienpädagogik. Einstellungen, Erfahrungen und Haltungen von Spielleitenden. München: Kopaed Verlag. ISBN: 978-3867365345
Dynamic Changes to Endogenous Germination Inhibitors in Cercis chinensis Seeds during Dormancy Release
Authors: Gao Yunpeng , Zhu Mingwei , Wang Haoyu , Li Shuxian
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine whether Cercis chinensis seeds contain endogenous germination inhibitors, and if so, to clarify the dynamic changes to the inhibitors during dormancy release. A cabbage seed germination test was conducted to assess the seed extract activities during dormancy release. The endogenous inhibitor components were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and the dynamic changes to the endogenous inhibitors were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The analyses revealed 1,2,3-benzenetriol (phenolic compound) in the seedcoat is a water-soluble endogenous inhibitor, and the IC50 (the concentration at which 1,2,3-benzenetriol inhibited radicle growth of cabbage seeds by 50%) of 1,2,3-benzenetriol was 51.2 µg⋅mL–1. During dormancy release, the seed 1,2,3-benzenetriol content decreased to 17.7 µg⋅mL–1 (stratified for 60 days) from 561.4 µg⋅mL–1 (control). The abscisic acid (ABA) content exhibited the same tendency, decreasing from 5.6 ng⋅mL–1 to 0.5 ng⋅mL–1 after 60-day stratification. Exogenous ABA was highly inhibitory toward cabbage seed germination, with an IC50 of 1.5 ng⋅mL–1. These results indicate that ABA and 1,2,3-benzenetriol are important endogenous inhibitors in C. chinensis seeds, wherein they regulate seed dormancy, even at low concentrations.
Development of the design and determination of the mode characteristics of the demineralizer for sea water
Authors: Burdo Oleg , Bezbakh Igor , Fatieieva Yana , Zykov Aleksandr , Osadchuk Petr , Mazurenko Igor , Zhengzheng Shao , Phylipova Lyudmila
Published: May 2021

The object of research is block low-temperature installations for obtaining fresh water.

Investigated problem: obtaining fresh water from sea using low-temperature technologies.

Main scientific results: the design is developed and the operating characteristics of the demineralizer for sea water are determined.

The influence of the initial salt content of sea water on the ice formation rate is determined. With an increase in the salinity of 3.5 times, productivity on ice decreases 2.3 times.

The kinetics of the salt content in the freezing solution depends on the initial concentration. With an initial salt content of 6.74 g/l, the process rate is 0.4 g/h, with a salt content of 1 g/l – 0.14 g/h

With an initial salt content of 6.74 g/l, the process of separating wastewater from the ice block is more intensive. The salt content of the first portion of the effluent is 3.2 times higher than the initial concentration of the solution.

A cryoscopic curve was obtained for seawater in the concentration range from 0 to 6.74 g/l.

The area of practical use of the research results: studies of the quality of the obtained water showed that the content of nitrates decreases 5 times, the hardness decreases by 2 mg/dm³. The salt content is reduced from 858 mg/dm³ to 560 mg/dm³.

Plants for the concentration of food liquids by the block freezing method are designed to produce environmentally friendly products that preserve the bioactive complex of raw materials as much as possible with minimal energy consumption.

An innovative technological product: design and operating modes of a block freezing plant for seawater desalination.

Scope of application of the innovative technological product: industrial enterprises, the technological process of which requires small volumes of fresh water; to obtain fresh water on oil platforms in the oceans; small hotels, boarding houses on the seaside.
Laboratory management of perinatal patients with apparently “new” anti-D
Authors: Hannon J.L. , Clarke G.
Published: May 2021

Despite the existence of long-standing, well-organized programs for Rh immune globulin (RhIG) prophylaxis, immune anti-D continues to be detected in the D– perinatal population. Between 2006 and 2008, 91 prenatal patients, found to have a previously unidentified anti-D, were followed up with a survey to their treating physician and with additional serologic testing where possible. The physician survey requested pregnancy and RhIG history information, including recent or distant potential alloimmunizing events, and the physicians were asked their opinion on the likely cause for the anti-D. Based on survey responses, updated RhIG information, and results of follow-up serology, anti-D was determined to be attributable to previously unreported RhIG in 44 of 91 (48.3%) cases and to active immunization (immune anti-D) in 36 of 91 cases (39.6%). A probable cause for alloimmunization was reported in 14 of 52 (26.9%) returned surveys. Anti-D alloimmunization continues to occur in our prenatal population despite a comprehensive approach to RhIG therapy. Observations from this prospective patient management strategy include the need for improved application of guidelines for RhIG administration and improved quality of information provided to laboratories assessing RhIG eligibility. A laboratory process for prospective follow-up when unexpected anti-D is detected in pregnancy is recommended.
Immunohematology

2016;32:108–111.
Kehadiran Allah di Tengah Penderitaan Aceh Singkil
Authors: Aritonang Hanna Dewi
Published: May 2021

Abstract This study is a Christological study on the suff ering of Christians based on the phenomenon of the burning and demolishing of churches in Aceh Singkil by using Choan Seng Song’s perspective as a theoretical framework. This study uses a qualitative approach among others by conducting interviews with several key informants to obtain field data related to violence and a collective dark memory. This study aims to understand the presence of God in the context of the suffering of Christians in Aceh Singkil and seeks a solution to transform the collective dark memory in the prototype memory of the crucified Jesus as a crucified society.

Abstrak Studi ini merupakan kajian kristologis tentang penderitaan umat Kristen atas fenomena pembakaran dan penghancuran gereja-gereja di Aceh Singkil dengan menggunakan pemikiran Choan Seng Song sebagai kerangka teori. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap beberapa informan kunci untuk mendapatkan data lapangan yang berhubungan dengan kekerasan dan memori kelam kolektif. Studi ini bertujuan untuk  memahami kehadiran Allah dalam konteks penderitaan umat Kristen di Aceh Singkil dan berupaya menemukan transformasi memori kelam kolektif dalam ingatan prototipe Yesus yang disalibkan sebagai masyarakat tersalib.
Politik Identitas dan Religiusitas Perdamaian Berbasis Pancasila di Ruang Publik
Authors: Widjaja Paulus Sugeng , Wibowo Djoko Prasetyo Adi , Geovasky Imanuel
Published: May 2021

Abstract This research analyzes the impact of identity politics and Pancasila based peace religiosity on the behavior of religious people in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Identity politics is used in relation to its negative understanding, while Pancasila-based peace religiosity is understood positively, to contract the two. Using a quantitative approach that involved 635 respondents, the research fi nds that the level in which the behavior of the respondents is indicative of identity politics to be as much as 29.6% and by Pancasila-based peace religiosity, as much as 51.1%. In all this, age and the level of education do not moderate theimpact. However, if the number of respondents who chose to answer one way or another is considered, it is clear that in some cases the majority of respondents affirm identity politics. Thus, even though identity politics do not strongly impact the respondents, the trend to affirm identity politics is spread broadly among them. The respondents are hesitant toaffirmatively stay away from identity politics. This potentially creates problems in society when religious people live with others in public sphere.
Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji dampak Politik Identitas dan Religiusitas Perdamaian Berbasis Pancasila terhadap perilaku umat beragama di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Dalam penelitian ini Politik Identitas sengaja dipahami secara negatif dan Religiusitas Perdamaian Berbasis Pancasila sebagai sesuatu yang positif untuk mengkontraskan keduanya. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif atas 635 orang responden, penelitian ini  menemukan bahwa perilaku para responden terdampak oleh Politik Identitas sebesar 29,6% dan oleh Religiusitas Perdamaian Berbasis Pancasila sebesar 51,1%. Dalam semua itu, usia dan tingkat pendidikan responden tidak memoderasi dampak keduanya. Namun, jika jumlah responden yang memilih untuk menjawab satu atau lain hal diperhitungkan, maka ditemukan bahwa dalam beberapa kasus mayoritas responden sebenarnyamengafirmasi Politik Identitas. Jadi meskipun Politik Identitas tidak membawa dampak kuat dalam diri para responden, tetapi kecenderungan mengafi rmasi Politik Identitas menyebar sangat luas di antara mereka. Juga jelas bahwa para responden bersikap ragu-ragu untuk menolak perilaku terkait Politik Identitas. Hal ini potensial menimbulkan masalah dalam kehidupan di masyarakat ketika umat beragama hidup bersama dengan umat beragama lain di ruang publik.
Effect of post-emergence applications of imazapyr and imazapic on the growth and grain yield of AHAS-transgene soybean plants
Authors: Pereira Vinicius Gabriel Caneppele , Albrecht Leandro Paiola , Albrecht Alfredo Junior Paiola , Biazoto Fabio dos Santos , Kosinski Rogério , Bottcher Aderlan Ademir , Mattiuzzi Mateus Dalpubel , Krenchinski Fábio Henrique
Published: May 2021

One of the factors that limit grain yield in soybean crops is weed competition. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of an AHAS-transgene soybean cultivar (BRS 397; Cultivance®) subjected to different rates of Soyvance® (525 g kg-1 imazapyr, and 175 g kg-1 imazapic). Two field experiments were conducted in the 2015-2016 crop season in two sites with different soil and weather characteristics located in the state of Paraná, Brazil. A completely randomized block design was used, with 11 treatments consisted of different rates of Soyvance®. Phytotoxicity, chlorophyll index, first pod height, plant height, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight, and grain yield were evaluated. The use of high rates of the herbicide decreased the final height and grain yield of soybean plants in approximately 25% in both locations, but did not affect their 100-seed weight and chlorophyll index. The use of rates of the commercial product higher than that recommended by the manufacturer (100 g ha-1) may affect the agronomic performance of AHAS-transgene soybean plants
Influence of the mass of Luetzelburgia auriculata (Allemão) Ducke seeds on tolerance to saline stress
Authors: Lopes Maria de Fátima de Queiroz , Bruno Riselane de Lucena Alcântara , Silva Ronimeire Torres da , Andrade Francisco Hélio Alves de , Lima Lucas Kennedy Silva , Sousa Leonardo Vieira de , Alves William Santana
Published: May 2021

Luetzelburgia auriculata is used in the reforestation of degraded areas in Brazil due to its adaptation to the conditions of the country’s semiarid region. However, saline stress is one of the main abiotic factors with a negative impact on plant development. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the mass of Luetzelburguia auriculata seeds on tolerance to saline stress. The experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme with two classes of seeds [light (< 0.35 g) and heavy (≥ 0.35 g)], from ten morphologically similar mother plants that showed natural variation in seed mass, and five salinity levels, distributed in four replicates of 25 seeds. We evaluated the following variables: germination rate; germination speed index; mean germination time; initial seedling growth; and fresh and dry mass of the shoots, cotyledons and roots. The data were submitted to analysis of variance. Means for seed classes were compared using the F-test and regression analysis was performed for NaCl levels. The increase in saline stress led to reductions in germination, root length, fresh and dry mass of the shoots, and the GSI, as well as a delay in MGT. Seedlings from heavy seeds (≥ 0.35 g) exhibited greater tolerance to salt stress than those from light seeds (< 0.35 g), due to lower occlusion caused by NaCl levels. Thus, heavy seeds of L. auriculata are more tolerant to salt stress and should be prioritized, especially in the presence of high salinity levels
Validación del Inventario Multidimensional de Infidelidad (IMIN) en población colombiana
Authors: Riveros Munévar Fernando , Prieto Patiño Luis Enrique , Marroquín Ortegón Laura , Cardona Rodríguez Mariana , Delgado Zapata Camilo , Rodríguez Niño Yuri
Published: May 2021

La infidelidad es un importante constructo a medir, al ser una problemática que conlleva consecuencias psicológicas y físicas (Buss, 2016; González et al., 2009; Shackelford et al., 2003). Se buscó determinar la validez y la confiabilidad del Inventario Multidimensional de Infidelidad (IMIN) para muestras colombianas. Se aplicó el instrumento a 674 participantes colombianos, 224 hombres (33.28%) y 449 mujeres (66.71%), con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 81 años (M = 25.11;DE = 10.56), llevando a cabo análisis factoriales exploratorios, confirmatorios y de consistencia interna para cada subescala. En la escala de Tendencia a la infidelidad, se identificaron 3 factores que explicaron el 66.74% de la varianza total acumulada; en la escala de Motivos a la infidelidad, se hallaron siete factores, explicando el 65.02% de la varianza total; en la subescala de Creencias a la infidelidad, se obtuvieron cinco factores, explicando el 58.33% de la varianza acumulada; y en la subescala de Consecuencias de la infidelidad se hallaron dos factores claramente constituidos, que explican el 57.58% de la varianza acumulada. Todos los anteriores tenían modelos confirmatorios con adecuados niveles de bondad de ajuste y adecuados indicadores alfas de Cronbach, correlaciones ítem-ítem e ítem-prueba, además de concordancia con la propuesta original del instrumento.
Dysfunctional Patterns of Food Intake by Anxiety during Isolation by COVID-19 in Chile, Colombia and Mexico
Authors: Martínez Rodríguez Tania Yadira , Bernal Gómez Samantha Josefina , Mora Vergara Ana Paola , Hun Gamboa Nelson Eduardo , Castillo Zyanya Reyes , Valdés Miramontes Elia Herminia , Espinoza Gallardo Ana Cristina
Published: May 2021

The aim of this research was to compare food intake dysfunctional patterns score with the subjective perception of anxiety and sociodemographic characteristics of the participants in isolation by COVID-19 from Chile, Colombia, and Mexico. A cross-sectional research was carried out, with a virtual questionnaire of subjective perception of anxiety and the questionnaire of three 18-item feeding factors. 958 people of both sexes participated (F = 83%,M = 17%), mainly in the 18 to 35 age range. Dysfunctional eating patterns presented high scores in people who perceived anxiety, as well as in participants from Chile. Additionally, it was found that women present greater cognitive restriction and emotional intake, and college students showed greater disinhibition. In conclusion, the scores of the three dysfunctional eating patterns were higher in people with subjective perception of anxiety during social isolation due to COVID-19, and there were also differences according to country, sex, and educational level.
Mood and Affective Balance of Spaniards Confined by COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pérez-Fuentes María del Carmen , Molero Jurado María del Mar , Martos Martínez África , Sim´ón Márquez María del Mar , Gázquez Linares José Jesús
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to analyze the mood and affective balance of Spaniards in quarantine and determine the predictive role of sociodemographic variables and mood on the negative affective balance. This cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 1014 Spanish adults, 67.2% were women and 32.8% men. The age ranged from 17 to 76. The instruments used were the Mood Assessment Scale and the Affective Balance Scale, which were implemented as a CAWI survey (Computer Aided Web Interviewing). Results showed that age correlated negatively with Sadness-Depression, Anxiety, and Happiness. Women had more Sadness-Depression, Anxiety, and negative affect, while men showed more Happiness and higher positive affect. Thus, the risk of a negative affective balance during confinement was greater for women and those who showed an emotional state marked by sadness-depression and anxiety, while older age and higher scores in happiness were associated with lower risk. In conclusion, knowing which groups are at risk of emotional and affective alteration can facilitate the detection and prevention of later disorders, such as severe stress and posttraumatic stress disorder, avoiding their generalized presence, and becoming a new public health problem derived from COVID-19.
Environmental and Sustainability Literacy among Students at a Selected Institution of Higher Learning in Zimbabwe
Authors: Ruparanganda Fenton
Published: May 2021

The study was carried to assess students’ environmental and sustainability literacy at a selected institution of higher learning in Zimbabwe. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. The questionnaire used was validated, and the Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine reliability (α = 0.767). Purposive, stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 70 respondents for the study from a population of 1352. The study revealed that the level of knowledge was mediocre, and one-way ANOVA showed no statistically significant difference in the level of knowledge among the groups (F (3,66) =2.376, p=0.078). Results also showed a positive attitude towards environment and sustainability issues; and identified the need to train every student about environment and sustainability (83%), with government support (93%) to achieve an environmentally sustainable world (96%). It was concluded that although the attitude among students was positive, the current syllabi are not explicit about environmental and sustainability issues which bear negatively on their environmental knowledge. The study recommends the introduction of a compulsory environmental education course in Higher and Tertiary Education in order to raise the environmental and sustainability literacy.
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Uganda
Authors: Lumu William
Published: May 2021

While atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes, the magnitude and socio-demographic determinants of this risk are not known in Uganda. We aimed to establish the magnitude of the predicted 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk and describe its socio-demographic determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes in Uganda. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in eight (8) diabetes clinics from November 2020 to February 2021. We enrolled 500 patients with type 2 diabetes aged between 40 to 79 years. Patients were interviewed on their socio-demographic characteristics. Anthropometric and laboratory measurements were performed. The predicted 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk was categorized using the Pooled Cohorts Risks Equations. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to establish associated socio-demographic factors. The majority of participants were females (78%), with a mean age of 55.14years (SD±8.96). Of the patients studied, 20% were at low risk (score <5%), 14.2% borderline risk (score 5-≤7.5%), 45.2% intermediate risk (score7.5-<20) and 20.6% high risk (score ≥20%). Elevated risk of score ≥7.5% was found in 65.8%. The male gender (AOR= 5.456, 95% CI 2.998-9.932, p=0.001), at least 50 years of age (AOR=7.841 95% CI 4.863-12.642, p=0.001), part-time employment (AOR=1.726, 95% CI 1.221-2.441, p=0.002) and being widowed (AOR=2.4, 95% CI 1.192-4.833, p=0.002) were significantly associated with cardiovascular disease risk. The cardiovascular disease risk among patients with type 2 diabetes is high. The male gender, age of at least 50years, part-time employment, and being widowed are socio-demographic factors that should be prioritized at primary level management of cardiovascular disease.
Mechanism of Action of Strychni Semen for Treating Rheumatoid
Arthritis and Methods for Attenuating the Toxicity
Authors: Li Yuling , Liu Yifan , Shao Yumeng , Zhang Fengcong , Liu Weidong , Liang Xiaodong , Chen Li
Published: May 2021

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease, which
affects the joints and causes significant pain, impairing patient's quality of life. Strychni semen
showed promising results to treat RA. However, there are increasing safety concerns in using
strychni semen due to its severe toxicity.

Aim and Objective:

The purpose of this review is to provide insight into using Strychni semen as
an alternative medicine to treat RA, as well as to offer a method for the safe application of
Strychni semen through processing and compatibility studies.

Methods:

Publications were retrieved and surveyed from CNKI and PubMed relevant to Strychni
semen for a literature review.

Results:

This article summarized the mechanism of function of strychni semen in treating RA with
its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory effect. Commonly used methods to
attenuate the toxicity of Strychni semen were also discussed in this article.

Conclusion:

Strychni semen has a good therapeutic effect on RA, mainly by the modulation of
immunity with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Also, the reported toxicity of strychni
semen can be effectively reduced by processing and compatibility methods. Hence, as an
alternative medicine for RA treatment, strychni semen has a broad prospect.
Seleno-Functionalization of BODIPY Fluorophores Assisted by Oxidative Nucleophilic Hydrogen Substitution
Authors: Cugnasca Beatriz S. , Wodtke Felipe , Santos Alcindo A. Dos
Published: May 2021

Background:

The most current reported methods of chalcogen insertion into BODIPY’s
nuclei are based on nucleophilic substitution reactions of halogenated derivatives, metal-catalyzed
cross-coupling reactions, or assistance by radical mechanisms. Recent reports describe Oxidative
Nucleophilic Hydrogen Substitution (ONHS) reactions involving the functionalization of BODIPY
nuclei by thiols, but the generalities of the strategy for other chalcogens was not yet demonstrated.
Herein we report our contribution on the selenium-functionalization of BODIPY by ONHS in high
yield.

Objective:

Aryl-Se-functionalization of 2,6-brominated BODIPY’s nuclei by ONHS reaction.

Method:

The procedure consists of a direct reaction of 2,6-brominated BODIPYs with in situ generated
PhSeH in THF, at room temperature, under a nitrogen atmosphere. The corresponding products
were isolated and purified by conventional flash column chromatography. Full structure characterization
was performed by 1H, 13C, 19F, and 77Se NMR and DFT calculation.

Results:

Densely functionalized 2,6-dibrominated/3,5-diseleno-BODIPYs were obtained as corresponding
products, leading to versatile molecular scaffolds. Their structural features were contrary
to those initially expected by the original experimental applied conditions. A mechanistic investigation
was performed to conclude that ONHS reaction is governing the transformation, thereby damaging
the nucleophilic substitution of the halogen atoms.

Conclusion:

To sum up, new densely functionalized BODIPY derivatives were synthesized by a
highly selective, simple, fast, metal-free, and efficient insertion of PhSe- residues into the 3,5-positions,
governed by an Oxidative Nucleophilic Hydrogen Substitution (ONHS) reaction in high
yields. It was observed that the presence of halogen (Br) into the 2,6-positions of the BODIPY core
is mandatory for the ONHS reaction, which is completely inert when the 2,6-hydrogenated analogues
are used in the same experimental conditions.
O que dizem da gente os que “não falam”
Authors: Laskani Daniela
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo buscou debater, sob a perspectiva da psicologia analítica, a inclusão de múltiplas espécies no manejo entre humanos e não humanos. O percurso de nossa existência na Terra colecionou uma série de imagens, símbolos e sonhos formados na relação com as múltiplas espécies. Na atualidade, os retratos antagônicos no manejo de cuidados e torturas com os não humanos demonstram um mundo contemporâneo polarizado e em constante transformação. Desorientados, precisamos procurar por olhares ainda desconhecidos para os filhos do Antropoceno. O trabalho tem como objetivo um olhar plural da existência, capaz de escutar a voz dos que “não falam”, por serem considerados não possuidores de linguagem ou não dotados de um elevado nível de consciência, e, em decorrência desses fatores, serem passíveis de dominação. A metodologia utilizada foi de revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, nas áreas da ecologia, botânica, antropologia, filosofia e psicologia analítica. Concluiu-se que é necessário incorporar nossas raízes animalescas como predicados para o encontro com as vozes do mundo e seus seres e que é preciso, urgentemente, beber da fonte de outras ontologias que foram negadas no processo de conscientização do mundo, bem como trabalhar para que estas fontes possam servir como manancial de imaginação e interconectividade dos vínculos transhumanos.
A Social Media Organizational Productivity Model: Insights From Public Health Professionals
Authors: Dailah Sr Hamad Ghaleb , Naeem Muhammad
Published: May 2021

Background

Many previous studies have explored socialization-oriented social media (SM), but their reach has been limited to the context of information exchange for common personal interests. This study focuses on work-oriented SM, which can enhance organizational networking and productivity levels in the context of public hospitals.

Objective

This study aims to provide a theoretical framework to explain how the use of SM can enhance the skills of health professionals and levels of organizational productivity in uncertain environments.

Methods

A total of 2 distinct forms of data collection techniques were combined: focus groups and semistructured interviews. Both were conducted with doctors and nurses in Saudi public sector hospitals.

Results

The findings reveal that the use of SM can create professional socialization at the level of the institution, and this can enhance skills, knowledge, decision making, and the overall level of organizational productivity. The increasing use of SM creates collaboration between health experts (particularly endocrinologists and pulmonologists in this case) who arrange video calls to share best practices in terms of medication, diet, and health care plans for patients with multiple diseases. Many of these patients are particularly vulnerable, given the wider context of the current global pandemic.

Conclusions

This study culminates in the Social Media Organizational Productivity model, which provides insights into how SM has increased the accessibility of health professionals through the use of technology. Access to such professionals creates a patient-centric approach and a culture of shared communication for dealing with high-risk patients during the current global pandemic.
Controlling the external device in real-time using eeg brain signals based on eyes states
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Dung , Nguyen Co Thach , Huynh The Hien , Nguyen Mai Ngan
Published: May 2021

The paper proposes a new method to control external device in real-time using electroencephalography-based brain signals. The brain signals of a healthy female student at F7 and F8 channels are recorded from Emotiv Epoc+. They are filtered using a combination of wavelet approach and recursive least square estimation to remove unwanted noises. Open and closed eyes states are extracted from filtered brain signals. The support vector machine approach is applied to classify two states of eyes (open and closed). The classified eyes states are utilized to generate the on and off commands, respectively. Those commands are sent to an Arduino control board to control on and off states of the light. Experimental results showed that the average accuracy of two control commands is 81.6%. The obtained results promise for extraction of more commands that can be utilized for applications in daily life.
Establishment of a spontaneously started sourdough in Vietnam
Authors: Le Vu Lan Phuong , Huynh Thi Sua , Le Tri An
Published: May 2021

The use of sourdoughs in bread baking in Vietnam has recently been increased but little is known about microorganisms in those sourdoughs. This study was to assess changes in pH value and microbial density of a sourdough from bread flour (BF) and a sourdough from all-purpose flour (AF) during propagation. The results showed that the type of flour did not cause a significant difference in pH changes, but it could contribute to the distinct levels of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast in the two sourdoughs. The BF sourdough gained proper maturation in 15 days when it reached pH of 3.69, 1.3 x 109 CFU g-1 LAB and 7.4 x 108 CFU g-1 yeast. Meanwhile, the AF sourdough had lower levels of LAB and yeast (3.9 x 108 CFU g-1 and 1.0 x 108 CFU g-1, respectively). Sequencing analysis revealed the presence of Lactobacillus plantarum in the BF sourdough on the 10th and 15th days of the propagation process. Wickerhamomyces anomalus was found on the 10th day while Saccharomyces cerevisiae was detected on the 15th day. This sourdough can be used in further studies to assess the benefits of sourdough in bread baking.
Un viaje por México en 1945: intermediarios y misioneros de la ciencia en la búsqueda del desastre nutricional para la Rockefeller Foundation
Authors: Vargas Domínguez Joel
Published: May 2021

Durante 1945, un oficial de la International Health Division de la Rockefeller Foundation fue enviado a México para hacer varios viajes de exploración. El objetivo de estos viajes era encontrar sitios idóneos para ampliar los proyectos de investigación nutricional que la fundación filantrópica tenía en nuestro país. Estos viajes nos sirven como punto de partida para mostrar las formas en cómo el trabajo de la Fundación puede ser analizado como misionero, y apunta a otros actores importantes en este proceso, los intermediarios necesarios para producir estos viajes. Este texto provee un ejercicio preliminar sobre cómo poder pensar el trabajo científico analizándolas desde historia de las misiones y de los intermediarios para enriquecer las narrativas historiográficas sobre la construcción del “problema” nutricional de grupos poblacionales diversos.
¿Alguien conectada? Las comunidades virtuales de personas agora-fóbicas y la gestión y experiencia de los malestares
Authors: Jover-Leal Assumpta , Grau-Muñoz Arantxa
Published: May 2021

En el presente artículo se analizan las entradas producidas en tres grupos de la red social Facebook creados y utilizados por personas diagnosticadas de agorafobia. A partir de este análisis se identifica que las comunidades virtuales están cumpliendo una serie de funciones para las personas usuarias en ellas en lo referente a la gestión y la experiencia del malestar, tales como: 1) la producción y distribución de información heterogénea; 2) el suministro de apoyo entre iguales; 3) la provisión de identidad, y; 4) el favorecimiento de la posibilidad de resistencia al discurso biomédico oficial y hegemónico para el tratamiento y la gestión de la agorafobia.
Feedback effects of atmospheric CO2-induced warming
Authors: Adem Julián , Garduño René
Published: May 2021

Utilizando un modelo termodinámico del clima, se lleva a cabo un estudio sobre los cambios en la temperatura y precipitación debidos a una duplicación del contenido atmosférico de CO2 y sobre la importancia relativa, en la temperatura, de los mecanismos de retroalimentación asociados con los aumentos de vapor de agua, nieve-hielo y nubosidad. Los factores de retroalimentación del modelo termodinámico son similares a los de los modelos de Hansen et al. (1984) y Schlesinger (1986). El factor de retroalimentación de los tres mecanismos combinados es 4.0. Los resultados dependen en forma importante del contenido de vapor de agua en la banda del CO2 (12-19m). El aumento de temperatura debido a la duplicación de CO2 es igual a 1.2° C cuando existe vapor de agua en dicha banda y es igual a 3.5° C cuando no hay vapor de agua. Los resultados muestran que una posible causa de las grandes diferencias en las soluciones obtenidas con diferentes modelos podrían ser las discrepancias en la cantidad y distribución del vapor de agua en la atmósfera, y en el tratamiento de su efecto en la banda del CO2.
Mean flow stability in a model of the eastern North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Auad Guillermo , Parés Sierra Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Datos de estratificación y corriente media de un modelo cuasigeostrófico de ocho capas de la Corriente de California son usados para resolver el problema de estabilidad lineal asociado. Se obtiene, al resolver un problema de autovalores complejos la frecuencia, rapidez de fase, velocidad de grupo, razón de crecimiento y estructura vertical. Se corren siete experimentos para estudiar la influencia de las diferentes condiciones de frontera (fondo plano o inclinado), dirección media de la corriente, amplitud, latitud y mecanismos de fricción en las características de las ondas de Rossby. Usando valores de la frecuencia de flotabilidad características del Pacífico Nororiental encontramos que la resolución vertical es crucial para determinar los efectos de la topografía y fricción de fondo en la estabilidad del flujo básico. La estructura vertical del flujo medio tiene un efecto importante en la escala de decaimiento exponencial. Esta escala de decaimiento de las diferentes áreas de la región de la Corriente de California varía entre 144 y 374 días para las ondas más inestables. La estructura vertical de nuestra solución de onda (amplitud y fase) es afectada perceptiblemente por la disipación usada en el modelo. Las características del primer modo baroclínico de la onda estable son cualitativamente y cuantitativamente similares a las obtenidas por Kang et al. (1982) usando datos hidrográficos de la Corriente de California. La inclusión de topografía de fondo lleva a una moderada redistribución de frecuencias en el espacio de número de onda y a más altas velocidades de grupo.
Southwest migration of the instantaneous Rivera-Pacific Euler pole since 0.78 Ma
Authors: Bandy W. L, , Klostoglovod V. , Mortera-Gutierrez C. A.
Published: May 2021

El establecer un polo/vector de Euler que describa con precisión el movimiento actual entre las placas Rivera y Pacífico haprobado ser difícil. Esto es probablemente debido al error sistemático en los datos obtenidos del movimiento y a los errorescausados por una migración SW del polo de Euler Rivera-Pacífico durante varios millones de años. Una nueva estimación delpolo actual Euler Rivera-Pacífico, es derivada usando sólo las más recientes estructuras batimétricas formadas a lo largo de loslímites Rivera-Pacífico. Este polo de Euler (24.62° N, 105.89° W) se localiza significativamente al SW de todos los polosdeterminados previamente indicando una continua migración (2°) al SW del polo de Euler Rivera-Pacífico durante los últimos0.78 Ma. Aunque muchas incertidumbres quedan por resolver, esta migración provee una explicación simple a la discrepanciaentre el movimiento precalculado de las placas y (1) las direcciones de la parte oriental final de la falla transcurrente Rivera, (2)la morfología extensional de los límites Rivera-Cocos, y (3) la velocidad de movimiento RIV-NA y Cocos-Norte América através de los límites Rivera-Cocos indicada por las relaciones sismotectónicas.