bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative piggery waste resources reusing-direct land application
Authors: TEH T Y , Hoang Hong-Giang , Wu Min-Hao , Chen Kf , Peng Yp
Published: March 2019

One of the main sources of water pollution in Taiwan is piggery waste. With the major pollutants such as odors, BOD, TN and TS, waste from the piggery industry has been seriously affecting the environment in Taiwan. However, if this amount of waste is properly treated, it will bring great benefits and can be considered as a resource. Generally, wastewater from the piggery industry is treated in three stages: liquid soil, anaerobic digestion and then aerobic treatment. However, this process is difficult due to high cost and difficult operation. Therefore, a feasible method was to establish a centralized methane production facility for the treatment of piggery industrial waste. The products after treated like methane and fertilize are utilized as clean and environmentally friendly products. Methane can be used for cooking or electricity generation. This is a new direction suitable for sustainable development.
Overview of integrated phytoremediation for heavy metals contaminated soil
Authors: Yeh Tzung-Yuh , Lin Chitsan
Published: March 2019

Heavy metal contaminated soil due to industrial, agricultural and municipal activities is becoming a global concern. Heavy metals severely affect plants, animals and human health. A suitable technology is necessary for heavy metals removal because it cannot self-decomposition as organic compounds. Among the various technologies surveyed, phytoremediation is one of the safest, most innovative, environmental friendly and cost-effective approach for heavy metals removal. Nevertheless, traditional phytoremediation practices pose some limitations such as long processing time, unstable treatment efficiency and limited application at large scale. In many methods proposed to improve phytoremediation, integrated phytoremediation has been studied in the recent years. Integrated phytoremediation use chelating agents and phytohormones to enhance phytoremediation. This is an environmentally safe, saving time and relative high effective method. Results showed that the association of a metal ion and a chelating agent to form chelates helps to maintain the availability of metals in the soil for the uptake of plants. Phytohormones supply nutrients for the soil to support vegetable growth. Therefore, integrated phytoremediation is a promising solution to overcome the disadvantages of conventional phytoremediation. It should be taken commercialization and need more applied projects in this field to demonstrate and clarify the real potential of this technology. In view of above, this manuscript reviews the mechanism and the efficiency of integrated phytoremediation for heavy metals in contaminated soil to give an overview of this technology.
MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION OF SELECTED FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES SOLD IN HAWASSA, CAPITAL CITY OF SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Dobo Beyene
Published: March 2019

For good health, including fresh fruits and vegetables in our daily diet is very important. Fresh fruits and vegetables are highly perishable and affected by different microbial contaminants from production up to consumption. The objective of this study was to evaluate the important microbial spectrum of selected fruits and vegetables and their management from Hawassa town markets. A total of 27 fruit and 9 vegetable samples were analyzed for pathogens from their surface wash. The mean aerobic mesophillic count (AMC) ranged from 2.04x10-7cfu/ml to 4.2x10-6cfu/ml from the surface wash and the total coliform count (TC) ranged from 2.50LTBccfu/ml x10-7 to 1.5x10-6cfu/ml. Fecal coliform ranged from 3.2x10-6 to 0 cfu/ml and the range for Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were 1.8x10-6 to 0 cfu/ml and 2.50LTBcx10-7 to 0 cfu/ml respectively. Mold and yeast count ranged from 7.6x10-6 to 0.2x10-4 from the fruit surface wash. There was statistically significant difference regarding to AMC and TC between markets in between banana and orange samples and they were detected in all fruit samples. From the 36 samples E. coli and molds and yeast were found in all fruit samples, and Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus were detected in 89% fruit samples in each. Activities during harvesting, transportation, storage and marketing conditions favored contamination of most commonly used fruits banana and orange. Besides, poor hygiene of the venders, using microbial unsafe containers, poor handling practice and poor environmental conditions such as sanitarily unsafe marketing environment were identified to be another sources of contamination. Hence, for safe and clean supply of fruits, community members working with the fruits must be trained on the ways by which fruits can be contaminated and the safe methods of harvesting, transportation, storage and vending the fruits.
POSTAL FLOWS AS AN INDICATOR OF SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CERTAIN AREA
Authors: Predrag Ralević
Published: March 2019

Traffic flows that achieve transfer of information, transport of goods and passengers at the national level, represent a picture of social and economic population activities in a certain way. Besides that, today there are various standardized parameters that can determine the particularity of the observed region by measuring. In this work assignment, authors have tried to determine if different traffic flow are mutually connected and to what extent, as well as to confirm relationship between different indicators and to point at possible connections between traffic flows and measured indicators. Knowing individual country characteristics and its place in multilateral relations in the world, gives a new frame for defining complex position of the observed region at a wider level.
A reliable transportation problem
Authors: Quddoos Abdul
Published: March 2019

In today’s market, managers are being pressurized to deliver the product in a reliable and cost effective manner. The aim of the present work is to model a transportation problem where decision maker has a flexibility to set his own reliability level when he minimizes the overall transportation cost. To achieve this goal, the overall reliability of transportation system is calculated and a mathematical model of transportation problem is formulated. A numerical experiment is also conducted to illustrate the proposed model.
Effects of roasting and boiling on the yield, quality and oxidative stability of extracted soya bean oil
Authors: Tulashie 1 Samuel Kofi , Kotoka Francis , Appiah 1 Amponsah Preko , Awuah 2 Philip , Baiden 3 Bright K.A.
Published: March 2019

In this study, the effect of roasting and boiling on the yield and oxidative stability of soya beanoil was investigated. The oil was soxhlet extracted and the oxidative stability was determined bythe free fatty acid value, acid value and peroxide value. The results showed that the oil yield, freefatty acid value, acid value and peroxide value were significantly affected by roasting, boiling,and the thermal treatment time. The percentage oil yield in the control oil sample was 18.51%,which increased to 20.24% and 20.73% after boiling and roasting respectively, at 40mins. Thecorresponding free fatty acid and the peroxide value of the control oil sample were 0.14% and2.04 meqO2/kg, which increased to 0.82% and 6.60 meqO2/kg by roasting, and 0.47% and 5.62meqO2/kg by boiling respectively. Thus the oil yield, free fatty acid value, peroxide value, andacid value increased with increasing roasting and boiling time.The results indicate that roasting provides a higher oil yield than boiling, but boiled oil hashigher oxidative stability than roasted oil.
Analyzing the impact of dust accumulation and different cleaning mechanism on efficiency of solar photovoltaic panel
Authors: Kumar1 Atul , Manish2 Srivastava
Published: March 2019

Electricity generation around the world is mainly produced by using non-renewable energy sources especially in the commercial buildings. However, Rooftop solar Photovoltaic (PV) system produced a significant impact on environmental and economical benefits in comparison to the conventional energy sources, thus contributing to sustainable development. Such PV’s system encourages the production of electricity without greenhouse gas emissions that leads to a clean alternative to fossil fuels and economic prosperity even in less developed areas. However, efficiency of rooftop solar PV systems depends on many factors, the dominant being geographical (latitude, longitude, and solar intensity), environmental (temperature, wind, humidity, pollution, dust, rain, etc.) and the type of PV (from raw material extraction and procurement, to manufacturing, disposal, and/or recycling) used. During the feasibility analysis of the environment, geographical conditions are keep in well consideration, but the pollution level of the city is always overlooked, which significantly influences the performance of the PV installations.           Therefore, this research work focused on the performance of rooftop solar PV installed in one of the most polluted city in India. Here, the loss in power generation of rooftop solar PV has been studied for the effect of deposited dust particles, wind velocity before and after the cleaning of the panels. The actual data has been utilized for the calculation of the energy efficiency and power output of the PV systems. According to the results, it has been concluded that dust deposition, wind speed and pollution level in city significantly reduces the efficiency of solar photovoltaic panel. Hence, an overview of social and environmental impacts of PV technologies is presented in this paper along with potential benefits and pitfalls.
Microstructures and hardness of as-cast {C, Ta or Ti or Hf of Zr}-containing Cr-rich Niobium-based alloys candidate for uses at elevated temperatures
Authors: Berthod Patrice
Published: March 2019

Four alloys based on niobium and containing about 33wt.%Cr, 0.4wt.C and, in atomic content equivalent to the carbon one, Ta, Ti, Hf or Zr, were elaborated by classical foundry under inert atmosphere. Their as-cast microstructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectrometry and while their room temperature hardness was specified by Vickers indentation. The microstructures are in the four cases composed of a dendritic Nb-based solid solution and of an interdendritic NbCr2 Laves phase. Despite the MC-former behavior of Ta, Ti, Hf and Zr usually observed in nickel or cobalt-based alloys, none of the four alloys contain MC carbides. Carbon is essentially visible as graphite flakes. These alloys are brittle at room temperature and hard to machine. Indentation shows that the Vickers hardness is very high, close to 1000HV10kg. Indentation lead to crack propagation through the niobium phase and the Laves areas. Obviously no niobium-based alloys microstructurally similar to high performance MC-strengthened nickel-based and cobalt-based can be expected. However the high temperature mechanical and chemical properties of these alloys remain to be investigated.
Experimental and simulative investigation of the oil distribution during a deep-hole drilling process and comparing of the RANS kω-SST and RANS hybrid SAS-SST turbulence model
Authors: Oezkaya Ekrem
Published: March 2019

Helical deep hole drilling is a process frequently used in industrial applications to produce bores with a large length to diameter ratio. For better cooling and lubrication, the deep drilling oil is fed directly into the bore hole via two internal cooling channels. Due to the inaccessibility of the cutting area, experimental investigations that provide information on the actual machining and cooling behavior are difficult to carry out. In this paper, the distribution of the deep drilling oil is investigated both experimentally and simulatively and the results are evaluated. For the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation, two different turbulence models, i.e. the RANS k-ω-SST and hybrid SAS-SST model, are used and compared. Thereby, the actual used deep drilling oil is modelled instead of using fluid dynamic parameters of water, as is often the case. With the hybrid SAS-SST model, the flow could be analyzed much better than with the RANS k-ω-SST model and thus the processes that take place during helical deep drilling could be  simulated with realistic details. Both the experimental and the simulative results show that the deep drilling oil movement is almost exclusively generated by the tool rotation. At the tool’s cutting edges and in the flute, the flow velocity drops to zero for the most part, so that no efficient cooling and lubrication could take place there. In addition, cavitation bubbles form and implode, concluding in the assumption that the process heat is not adequately dissipated and the removal of chips is adversely affected, which in turn can affect the service life of the tool and the bore quality. The carried out investigations show that the application of CFD simulation is an important research instrument in machining technology and that there is still great potential in the area of tool and process optimization.
Investigation Influence of Store Type on Emotional State of Consumer in the Urban Purchase
Authors: Halkin Andrii , Bliumska-Danko Kseniia , Smihunova Olena , Dudnyk Elena , Balandina Iryna
Published: March 2019

The shopping service of the store plays an important role in shaping the opinions of customers in a store. Endless progress has been made on quality management of consumer services confirmed through numerous methods and standards that are based on consumers. A typical consumer receives a large amount of information in the shopping process. In the process of perception of this information, consumer must not only find necessary data, but also process, analyze, and evaluate this date, and weigh the pros and cons, relate it to his own needs, and at the end, make a decision: to buy or not to buy a certain product. All these reflect on consumer’s fatigue, stress, and other negative fallings obtained during any shopping. In this case, the buyer can make the wrong choice and the quality of his decisions would deteriorate. Therefore, investigation influence of store type on the emotional state of consumers in the urban purchase provides significant reserve for marketing development in this sphere. Research provides explanation of emotional fatigue on the type of stores. The regression models describing the shift in emotional state of the buyer in purchase process of different type of shops were obtained. Research was conducted in the residential area of Kharkiv, Ukraine. The presented model shows the average value of the indicator of the emotional system of buyers after shopping, which can be used to determine the likelihood of shopping on the basis of emotional fatigue.
Correlation Between Customer Relationship Management System Usage, Product Innovation, And Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Elfarmawi Wouroud
Published: March 2019

This quantitative correlational research examined the correlations between customer relation-ship management (CRM) usage, product innovation, and customer satisfaction. The general problem was the lack of evidence indicating the use of CRM system as effective in improving small- to medi-um-size companies’ performance. Hence, the specific problem was to determine the beneficial use of a CRM system for customer satisfaction and product innovation. Data were gathered through sur-veymonkey.com. A total of 97 respondents were selected as sample from 10 small- to medium-size companies to answer the survey questions. Respondents were top managers, middle managers, and first-line managers of the selected organization. Statistics of the study were provided with the help of IBM Statistical Package for Social and Sciences version 23. The findings showed a strong correlation between the use of CRM system and customer satisfaction. They indicated the use of CRM system could improve the relationship with existing customers, could help attract prospective customers, and could win back former customers.
A Certain Seminal Character of Profit which We Commonly Call “Capital”: Peter of John Olivi and the Tractatus de contractibus
Authors: Franco Giuseppe , Nickl Peter
Published: March 2019

Tractatus de contractibus shows that there are mainly three fundamental economic views that characterize the originality and the acuteness of Olivi’s thought: a subject-based theory of value, a theory of just price, and the theoretical-systematic use of the concept of capital. Olivi’s distinction between simply sterile money and fertile, lucrative money – called capitale (capital) – is central. His – at that time – revolutionary thought challenges the theory of money as a mere means of exchange; he acknowledged the legitimacy of trade and the added value (valor superadiunctus) of capital. Thus, he allowed a price as compensation or as remuneration for the owner’s foregone use of the capital. This is not a mere scholastic subtlety, but it is a serious attempt to grasp different phenomena with different concepts.
The Mittelstand: a Specific Entrepreneurial Profile of the Social Market Economy
Authors: Welter Friederike
Published: March 2019

Mittelstand companies are the backbone of the German economy: they constitute the vast majority of enterprises in Germany, contribute to employment, and are a pillar of the German apprenticeship system. The specific ownership–management structure of the Mittelstand used to go hand in hand with social, intergenerational, and regional responsibility. However, today’s very small and young entrepreneurs do not perceive themselves as Mittelstand; many entrepreneurs do not intend to employ others, and structural changes in the economy have also resulted in fundamental changes of the Mittelstand. This paper explores the characteristics of the Mittelstand and its future, asking whether Mittelstand will continue to play a fundamental role in the social market economy in Germany.
Adjusting for Measurement Error in Retrospectively Reported Work Histories: An Analysis Using Swedish Register Data
Authors: Pina-Sánchez Jose , Koskinen Johan , Plewis Ian
Published: March 2019

We use work histories retrospectively reported and matched to register data from the Swedish unemployment office to assess: 1) the prevalence of measurement error in reported spells of unemployment; 2) the impact of using such spells as the response variable of an exponential model; and 3) strategies for the adjustment of the measurement error. Due to the omission or misclassification of spells in work histories we cannot carry out typical adjustments for memory failures based on multiplicative models. Instead we suggest an adjustment method based on a mixture Bayesian model capable of differentiating between misdated spells and those for which the observed and true durations are unrelated. This adjustment is applied in two manners, one assuming access to a validation subsample and another relying on a strong prior for the mixture mechanism. Both solutions demonstrate a substantial reduction in the vast biases observed in the regression coefficients of the exponential model when survey data is used.
Pockets of Inequality in the Distribution of U.S. Pharmacists’ Wages and Salaries: A Gender Comparison
Authors: Carvajal Manuel , Popovici Ioana , Hardigan Patrick
Published: March 2019

Background: The literature contains conflicting arguments regarding inequalities in the distribution of U.S. pharmacists’ wages and salaries and the existence of a gender earnings gap.  Some authors argue that the dispersion is small compared to other professions and there is no gap; others report that after controlling for number of hours worked, human-capital stock, and job-related preferences, male pharmacists earn higher wages and salaries than female pharmacists. 

Objectives: Estimate the central tendency and spread of wages and salaries of pharmacists practicing in the U.S., compare earning levels of male and female pharmacists, and examine the pockets of inequality within each gender.

Methods: The study used self-reported survey data collected from a random sample of licensed pharmacists practicing throughout the United States.  The sample consisted of 375 men and 279 women.  Means and standard deviations of wage-and-salary earnings for male and female pharmacists were estimated by age, number of hours worked, years of professional experience, marital status, type of pharmacy degree, main role as pharmacist, and type of practice site.  The spread of wages and salaries within gender was analyzed using the Gini coefficient.

Results: A total of 654 pharmacists provided answers to all relevant questions in the questionnaire (28.9% response rate).  Wages and salaries of male pharmacists exceeded those of female pharmacists, but the gap was restricted to practitioners with selected characteristics–older, married, with more experience, whose primary role was dispensing medications, and practicing in a hospital setting.  The greatest wage-and-salary inequalities were observed among older pharmacists, with more years of professional experience, and whose primary role was dispensing medications.  Different gender-specific pockets of inequality were identified in all variables studied and all categories within these variables.

Conclusion: The seemingly smooth gender-specific distribution of earnings in the pharmacy profession might be the result of opposing trends by different groups of practitioners that cancel each other when analyzed aggregately.  By estimating the wages and salaries for selected categories of pharmacists and examining the pockets of inequality within each gender, this study shed light into recent labor market developments and will hopefully stimulate further research into the dynamics of the pharmacist workforce.

 

Article Type: Original Research
CÁC ĐIỀU KIỆN HÌNH THÀNH KHU HỢP TÁC KINH TẾ QUA BIÊN GIỚI: MỘT SỐ ĐÁNH GIÁ TẠI CAO BẰNG
Authors: Thu Nguyen Anh
Published: March 2019

Trong những thập kỷ gần đây, hợp tác kinh tế biên giới đã phát triển ngày càng đa dạng dưới nhiều hình thức khác nhau. Khu Kinh tế qua biên giới (CBEZ) là một hình thức đã được đề xuất và trở thành một chủ đề được các nhà hoạch định chính sách và các nhà nghiên cứu ở Việt Nam và các quốc gia láng giềng lưu tâm nghiên cứu và triển khai. Bài viết này sẽ vận dụng các điều kiện hình thành CBEZ được phát triển từ các nghiên cứu trước đây vào trường hợp của tỉnh Cao Bằng để tìm ra các điểm mạnh, điểm yếu của tỉnh và đề xuất một số hàm ý. Bài viết chỉ ra rằng để có thể hiện thực hoá CBEZ, tiến tới thuận lợi hoá hơn nữa thương mại và đầu tư, phát triển khu vực biên giới như một mắt xích kết nối với thị trường Trung Quốc, hai điểm quan trọng mà Cao Bằng cần đầu tư là kết nối cơ sở hạ tầng và hệ thống cơ chế hợp tác hài hoà với Trung Quốc.
The Policies for Development of Technology and Science Information System: International Experience and Practice in Vietnam
Authors: Vũ Huy Thắng
Published: March 2019

The paper will study on Reality of the policy reseach for development for Technology and science information System in the world and practices in Vietnam. Describe policies for developing some of the world's leading Technology and science information centers.  Assessing the current state of the Technology and science information system, legal bases and importance of the Technology and science information system for the development of the maritime field
Prosaptia contigua C. Presl (Grammitidaceae), a New Record for Vietnam
Authors: Toan Nguyen Cong , Thanh Nguyen Trung , Loc Phan Ke
Published: March 2019

The specimens of the genus Prosaptia C. Presl (family Grammitidaceae) stored in the Herbarium of VNU University of Science (HNU) were studied. Traditional morphological methods are used to study the specimens. The result provides descriptions, illustrations and comparisons of 6 species that listed of the genus Prosaptia follow as: P. alata, P. barathrophylla, P. intermedia, P. pectinata, P. obliquata and P. contigua. Prosaptia contigua (G. Forst.) C. Presl has been determined as a new record for the flora of Vietnam.

Keywords

Genus Prosaptia, Grammitidaceae, new record for the flora of Vietnam, Prosaptia contigua

References

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Ethno-botanical survey of Palamalai Hills, Mettur Taluk, Eastern Ghats, India
Authors: E. G. Wesely L. Thamaraiselvi, , Bobby M.D. Nazneen , Nathan Vinod Kumar
Published: March 2019

Ethnobotanical survey of Palamali hills, a part of Eastern Ghats was carried out for reporting the preliminary traditional knowledge from the inhabitant tribal community. Through the survey, we identified 18 plants which possess medicinal properties. This report is a preliminary checklist and will be helpful for people in identifying potential bioresource and initiating conservatory measures. The present investigation showed that, the tribes of Palamalai Hills of Mettur Taluk, Eastern Ghats, India possess rich knowledge of the medicinal plants and their utilization. There is a need of scientific awareness for prevention of most of the diseases and the cultivation of above medicinal plants for both the utilization and the conservation of natural resources.
Redescription of Lepismatophila cruszi Kundu and Haldar, 1984 (Apicomplexa : Sporozoea) from Chondracis rosea (Order: Orthoptera)
Authors: N. Mohilal Indira Yumnam, , Shah M. Manjur
Published: March 2019

This study describes external characteristics and life history of a species of cephaline gregarine (Apicomplexa: Sporozoea) of the genus Lepismatophila [1], from Chondracis rosea (Order: Orthoptera)of Manipur, India. Diagnosis characteristic of the species the epimerite a simple symmetrical knob, Protomerite present throughout trophozoite stage, Solitary nature of Sporadins, Cyst without ducts dehiscence by simple rupture and Spores in uncoiling chains, ellipsoidal, boat shaped, without any filamentous process are discussed. And the morphological details of the different stages supported with photomicrographs are also provided.
A new paradigm of knowledge management: Crowdsourcing as emergent research and development
Authors: Callaghan C W
Published: March 2019

1Drawing from knowledge management theory, this paper argues that the knowledge aggregation problem poses a fundamental constraint to knowledge creation and innovation, and offers a potential solution to this problem. Specific consequences of innovation failure include the failure of research and development to deliver new medicines to address threats such as widespread and increasing antibiotic resistance, the rise of airborne multidrug-resistant or totally drug-resistant tuberculosis, as well as a lack of new drugs to deal with emerging threats such as Ebola. Persistent constraints to knowledge creation exist in the form of market failure, or the failure of profit-seeking models of innovation to internalise the positive externalities associated with innovations, as well as academic failure, or the failure of academic research to provide much needed innovations to address societal problems. However, a lack of theory exists as to how to transcend these constraints to knowledge aggregation. This paper presents a probabilistic theoretical framework of innovation, suggesting that the â€˜wisdom of the crowdâ€™, or emergent properties of problem-solving, may emerge as a function of scale when crowdsourcing principles are applied to research and development. It is argued in this paper that the consequences of a lack of knowledge of innovation failure are already upon us, and that a radical new approach to knowledge management and innovation is needed.
Mxit advertisingâ€™s influence on cognitive attitudes amongst Millennials in the Western Cape
Authors: Deffett R G
Published: March 2019

The social media have grown at an exponential rate in recent years, especially amongst the youth (known as Millennials) in South Africa, who access social media primarily via mobile devices; these have served as an additional catalyst to fuel this growth. The rapid advancement of social media is also attributed to the Millennialsâ€™ desires for social interaction connectedness, information, entertainment and convenience. Millennials portray a difficult market to reach with advertising due to the large fragmentation of media, diverse range of interests and demographical differences, but this lucrative market cannot be ignored owing to their huge purchasing power. Mxit is a popular social medium in South Africa and provides numerous advertising opportunities for organisations and their brands. The purpose of this study was to examine Millennialsâ€™ cognitive attitudes towards advertising on Mxit, and assess the influence of certain usage and demographic factors. The research surveyed 1858 young adults in the Western Cape who were between the ages of 18 and 30 years. Millennials maintained favourable cognitive responses towards Mxit advertising. All of the usage elements and a demographic factor, gender, were also found to have a significant influence. The results provide both academia and organisations with fresh insights and a greater understanding of social network advertising.
Personality dimensions and service failure severity: A cross-sectional study in the cellular industry
Authors: Kruger L
Published: March 2019

Service providers base service recovery efforts to retain consumers on service failure severity. A good understanding of possible effects on service failure severity is therefore necessary, and so this study examined the effects of personality dimensions on service failure severity. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed on data collected from 564 respondents through convenience sampling. The results indicated significant effects of Extraversion and Agreeableness on perceived service failure severity. In terms of theory, this study extends the influence of the trait theory of personality to service failure research. Furthermore, practical recommendations for cell phone network providersâ€™ service recovery strategies include combining restorative and apologetic strategies.
Customer satisfaction and complaint behaviour: The case of small custom-made clothing businesses
Authors: Makopo M M , De Klerk H M , Donoghue S
Published: March 2019

Small and medium enterprises are increasingly considered as playing an important role in the economy of many countries, including South Africa. Unfortunately, home-based businesses in particular, such as most of the custom-made clothing businesses, are exhibiting high failure rates. The purpose of this study was to explore female customersâ€™ satisfaction/ dissatisfaction with the quality of custom-made clothes, the accompanying emotions resulting from the dissatisfaction and their coping strategies in the form of complaint behaviour. A survey-based research design was followed. The sample consisted of 209 females older than 18 years, residing in Tshwane, South Africa, who had had custom-made clothes made by small urban-based custom-made clothing businesses during the previous 12 months. Customers in this study had high expectations for most performance features of the custom-made garments, especially the sensory and emotional performance features, with which they were ultimately not as satisfied as they had expected to be. Most of them blamed the business for the dissatisfaction. They did, however, not contact the business to complain but rather told others about the experience and decided no longer to support the business. They also experienced high levels of negative emotions such as disappointment, frustration and sadness. The results have implications for small custom made clothing businesses.
A transformational leadership model for managing change and transformation linked to diversification investments
Authors: Okanga B , Drotskie A
Published: March 2019

Owing to its relationship with change and transformation, transformational leadership theory should be relevant to managing change and transformation linked to diversification investments. However, the question of what model of transformational leadership would be appropriate for managing change and transformation linked to diversification investments has not been addressed. The purpose of this research was to explore managersâ€™ perceptions of the links between transformational leadership and diversification strategies. Using a qualitative research method, this study provides a critical analysis of the transformational leadership theories and triangulation with the behaviours of 30 purposively sampled managers from ten firms involved in different diversification activities. The aim of this was to determine the most appropriate transformational leadership model for managing change and transformation linked to diversification investments. Besides the degree of industry predictability and certainty, the findings echoed the reasoning in the full-range transformational leadership theory that a continuum of transformational-transactional leadership behaviours enhances effective management of diversification-related changes and transformation. However, no similar transformational leadership model was found to have been adopted by prior studies or enterprises engaged in different diversification activities. The study should fi ll this gap by identifying a new transformational leadership theory that links the full-range transformational leadership theory to Ansoffâ€™s model for diversification and growth improvement strategies.
Three snapshots of business ethics education at South African business schools: Sharp or still blurred?
Authors: Louw T , Wessels J S
Published: March 2019

This article reports on a study comparing three recordings (snapshots) of the provision of business ethics education in MBA curricula at South African business schools. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the occurrence of business ethics education in South African MBA programmes increased between 2003 and 2011 and between 2011 and 2016. A review of the relevant scholarly literature has shown that, although business education can be included in MBA curricula through its integration in the various modules of the programme, or through dedicated modules for business ethics, both these ways of inclusion can be regarded as necessary conditions for meaningful inclusion. This study focused only on the inclusion of dedicated business ethics modules. A directed content analysis was done of reports of the Council on Higher Education as well as MBA and MBL curricula documents of business schools. The comparison of the three snapshots revealed a decline between 2003 and 2011, as well as a further decline between 2011 and 2016 in the number of MBA programmes with a meaningful inclusion of business ethics in their curricula. The results of this study have confirmed that there is cause for concern about the quality of the MBA.
Impact of Hip Flexion Angle on Unilateral and Bilateral Nordic Hamstring Exercise Torque and High-Density Electromyography Activity
Authors: Hegyi András , Lahti Johan , Giacomo Jean-Patrick , Gerus Pauline , Cronin Neil J. , Morin Jean-Benoit
Published: March 2019

Background

In the bilateral Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE), hamstrings operate at relatively short lengths, which may limit the efficacy of the NHE in hamstring injury prevention.

Objectives

To examine knee flexion torque and biceps femoris long head (BFLH) and semitendinosus (ST) high-density electromyography (EMG) activity during the unilateral and bilateral NHE, performed with either neutral (NHE0) or 90°-flexed (NHE90) hips.

Methods

In this laboratory study, exercises were performed on a novel device at the eccentric 1-repetition maximum load defined for 90° to 15° of knee range of motion. Torque and EMG signals normalized to maximal voluntary isometric activity were compared in different phases of the exercises with statistical parametric mapping.

Results

The EMG levels were lower in NHE90 than in NHE0, mainly in the second half of the movement. Knee flexor eccentric torque was higher in NHE90 than in NHE0 from the beginning to 87% of the bilateral movement, and over the entire unilateral movement. In NHE0, ST activity compared to BFLH activity was higher during the initial movement phase and lower when the movement was close to knee extension. Torque and EMG activity were generally similar in the bilateral and unilateral modes.

Conclusion

If performed with neutral hips, the NHE selectively activates the BFLH near full knee extension. Performing the NHE with hips flexed to 90° is preferable when higher passive torque and ST selectivity are targeted at a longer muscle length. Performing these exercises unilaterally could help train each limb separately, with similar torque and EMG output to those of the bilateral conditions. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(8):584–592. Epub 26 Mar 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8801
Halaman Depan
Authors: Redaksi Dewan
Published: March 2019

Redaksi ELKHA
Differential Penetration of Ethanol and Water in Si-Chabazite: High Pressure Dehydration of Azeotrope Solution
Authors: Confalonieri Giorgia , Quartieri Simona , Vezzalini Giovanna , tabacchi gloria , Fois Ettore , Daou T. Jean , Arletti Rossella
Published: March 2019

This study is aimed to shed light on the mechanisms at the basis of the differential penetration of alcohol and water in hydrophobic zeolites at ambient (Pamb) and non-ambient pressure. Here we report the effects of the penetration of water and alcohol in an all-silica chabazite (Si-CHA) compressed with an ethanol/water azeotrope solution (ethanol : water = 95.63 : 4.37 by mass %). We collected in situ synchrotron X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) data in order to monitor the structural modifications induced by the fluid penetration and to investigate the guest-guest and host-guest interactions. First principles molecular dynamics simulations allowed to complete the structural description at high pressure, providing an atomistic level description of the guest-guest hydrogen bond network. For a comprehensive understanding of the processes involving the Si-CHA + azeotrope interactions, both the zeolite and the alcohol/water solution were firstly investigated separately under pressure. The results obtained prove that both H2O and ethanol penetrate Si-CHA porosities even at Pamb. However, while in these conditions the H2O /ethanol ratio adsorbed inside Si-CHA is similar to that of the external azeotrope solution, under pressure the zeolite extra-framework content corresponds to a composition much richer in H2O than the azeotrope one. Hence, our results suggest that a dehydration effect occurred on the azeotrope solution, promoted by pressure. In addition, the experiment performed to test the elastic behavior of Si-CHA with a non-penetrating pressure transmitting medium interestingly indicates that Si-pure chabazite is the most compressible zeolite among those up to now studied in silicone oil.
Solving the Trivial Crossing Problem While Preserving the Nodal Symmetry of the Wavefunction
Authors: Willard Adam , Lee Elizabeth
Published: March 2019

This article presents the development of a new method for solving the so-called trivial crossing problem in simulations of adiabatic dynamics and an application of this method to a model of exciton dynamics on long chain conjugated polymer systems.
Uncertain Times Call for Quantitative Uncertainty Metrics: Controlling Error in Neural Network Predictions for Chemical Discovery
Authors: Janet Jon Paul , Duan Chenru , Yang Tzuhsiung , Nandy Aditya , Kulik Heather
Published: March 2019

Machine learning (ML) models, such as artificial neural networks, have emerged as a complement to high-throughput screening, enabling characterization of new compounds in seconds instead of hours. The promise of ML models to enable large-scale, chemical space exploration can only be realized if it is straightforward to identify when molecules and materials are outside the model’s domain of applicability. Established uncertainty metrics for neural network models are either costly to obtain (e.g., ensemble models) or rely on feature engineering (e.g., feature space distances), and each has limitations in estimating prediction errors for chemical space exploration. We introduce the distance to available data in the latent space of a neural network ML model as a low-cost, quantitative uncertainty metric that works for both inorganic and organic chemistry. The calibrated performance of this approach exceeds widely used uncertainty metrics and is readily applied to models of increasing complexity at no additional cost. Tightening latent distance cutoffs systematically drives down predicted model errors below training errors, thus enabling predictive error control in chemical discovery or identification of useful data points for active learning.
PAPA, S. M. DE B.I. Prática pedagógica emancipatória: o professor reflexivo em processo de mudança – um exercício em análise crítica do discurso. São Carlos: Pedro & João Editores, 2008, 215 pag.
Authors: Batista Júnior José Ribamar Lopes
Published: March 2019

PAPA, S. M. DE B.I. Prática pedagógica emancipatória: o professor reflexivo em processo de mudança – um exercício em análise crítica do discurso. São Carlos: Pedro & João Editores, 2008, 215 pag.
A construção discursiva de identidades sociais no gênero noticioso
Authors: Pontes Herimatéia
Published: March 2019

Tendo em vista a natureza social do discurso, a construção de identidades sociais como um dos efeitos ideológicos da prática discursiva e o papel da mídia na construção/representação da realidade social, este trabalho se propõe a analisar as estratégias lingüístico-discursivas utilizadas na produção do texto noticioso para construir identidades sociais de vítimas e criminosos nos relatos de crime de morte. Na abordagem da Análise Crítica do Discurso como método de pesquisa social, nos baseamos na teoria social do discurso de Fairclough (1989, 2001, 2003).
Evidencias de (inter)subjetividad en el discurso institucional-estatal : la contribución del análisis del discurso para el pensamiento crítico
Authors: Marchese Mariana Carolina
Published: March 2019

Desde el marco teórico del Análisis Crítico del Discurso, a partir de una metodologia cualitativa y a través del Análisis del Discurso como método, este trabajo presenta evidencias lingüísticas de que aquellos textos que se suponen objetivos son construidos (inter)subjetivamente. Los resultados del análisis manifiestan dos series de recursos que actúan en forma conjunta. Una serie de recursos que apuntan a borrar al emisor de la superficie textual y otra serie, que actúa en forma paralela a la anterior, formada por recursos evaluativos-subjetivos. Así, el Análisis del Discurso permite el pasaje a la reflexión crítica sobre el complejo rol del discurso dentro de los fenómenos sociales.
O impacto da escrita na sociedade Waimiri-Atroari
Authors: Baines Stephen G.
Published: March 2019

This article examines the impact of the written word on the Waimiri-Atroari, an indigenous people who live in the north of Amazonas and south of Roraima States. I briefly outline the history of interethnic contact of these people with segments of the national society, and the process of colonization, which includes the colonization of thejr language. I then focus a new style of Indian policy administration subordinated to the large-scale economic development interests of big companies, which I call "entrepreneural Indian policy", reinforced by an intensive marketing campaign at the national and international level, incorporating some Waimiri-Atroari into the propaganda to make it appear that the company funded assistance programme has "saved" the Waimiri-Atroari from extinction.
Lingüística como padrão de escrita missionária
Authors: Barros Maria Cândida Drumond Mendes
Published: March 2019

This paper presents the history of two models of orthography for unwritten languages created by evangelical missions, using linguistic concepts. Their diffusion will be analysed as well as the linguistic concepts adopted for the notion of letter and the alliances established between scholars and missionaries in the formulation of these models.
Street, Brian (ed.) 1993. Cross-cultural approaches to literacy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 314 págs.
Authors: Rios Guilherme Veiga
Published: March 2019

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MEY, J. L. AS VOZES DA SOCIEDADE – SEMINÁRIOS DE PRAGMÁTICA. TRAD. A. C. DE AGUIAR. REV. V. VERAS. CAMPINAS: EDITORA MERCADO DE LETRAS, 2001, 254 PÁGS. (COLEÇÃO “IDÉIAS SOBRE LINGUAGEM”)
Authors: Faria Sandra Patrícia de
Published: March 2019

MEY, J. L. AS VOZES DA SOCIEDADE – SEMINÁRIOS DE PRAGMÁTICA. TRAD. A. C. DE AGUIAR. REV. V. VERAS. CAMPINAS: EDITORA MERCADO DE LETRAS, 2001, 254 PÁGS. (COLEÇÃO “IDÉIAS SOBRE LINGUAGEM”).
CHRISTIE, F. & MARTIN, J. R. (EDS.) GENRE AND INSTITUTIONS: SOCIAL PROCESSES IN THE WORKPLACE AND SCHOOL. LONDRES E NOVA YORK: CONTINUUM, 1997, 270 PÁGS.
Authors: Silva Flávio S.
Published: March 2019

CHRISTIE, F. & MARTIN, J. R. (EDS.) GENRE AND INSTITUTIONS: SOCIAL PROCESSES IN THE WORKPLACE AND SCHOOL. LONDRES E NOVA YORK: CONTINUUM, 1997, 270 PÁGS.
BARTON, D. & HAMILTON, M. LOCAL LITERACIES: READING AND WRITING IN ONE COMMUNITY. LONDRES E NOVA YORK: ROUTLEDGE, 1998, 299 PÁGS.
Authors: Santos Edna Cristina S.
Published: March 2019

BARTON, D. & HAMILTON, M. LOCAL LITERACIES: READING AND WRITING IN ONE COMMUNITY. LONDRES E NOVA YORK: ROUTLEDGE, 1998, 299 PÁGS.
COULTHARD, M. & CALDAS-COULTHARD, C. R. (EDS.) TEXTS AND PRACTICES. LONDRES: ROUTLEDGE, 1996, 294 PÁGS.
Authors: Gomes Clarissa H. F. de Lima
Published: March 2019

COULTHARD, M. & CALDAS-COULTHARD, C. R. (EDS.) TEXTS AND PRACTICES. LONDRES: ROUTLEDGE, 1996, 294 PÁGS.
COPE, B. & KALANTZIS, M. (EDS.) MULTILITERACIES. LONDRES & NOVA YORK: ROUTLEDGE, 2000, 350 PÁGS.
Authors: Radhay Rachael Anneliese
Published: March 2019

COPE, B. & KALANTZIS, M. (EDS.) MULTILITERACIES. LONDRES & NOVA YORK: ROUTLEDGE, 2000, 350 PÁGS.