bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EMERGÊNCIA OFTALMOLOGICA: QUEIMADURA QUÍMICA
Authors: Oliveira Amanda Shmitt De , Barbosa Rafaeli Vidaletti , Engelsing Rafaela Nunes
Published: April 2024

Este estudo foca nas urgências oftalmológicas, que representam cerca de 12% dos atendimentos de emergência, destacando a importância do reconhecimento e manejo adequado dessas condições, especialmente
INFECÇÕES E ANTIBIOTICOTERAPIA NA UTI
Authors: Lima João Miguel Gonçalves Ferreira , Mesquita Rafael Ferreira , Salvadori Mariana Alencar , Sousa Lara Santana Pacheco de
Published: April 2024

Questões Comentadas Sobre: Infecções E Antibioticoterapia Na UTI.
MEDICINA INTENSIVA - QUESTÕES COMENTADAS
Authors: Cavalcante Breno Ivison Araújo , Cavalcante Caio Oliveira , Maia Cecília Bessa , Neiva Gabriela Braga , Borges João Pedro Sobreira , Silva Laura Guimarães Franco da , Sousa Lara Santana Pacheco de , Salvadori Mariana Alencar , Aragão Marina Gondim , Noronha Mariana Macambira , Borges Mariana Caldas , Holanda Renan Araújo
Published: April 2024

Questões Comentadas Sobre: Medicina Intensiva
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS
Authors: Borges Mariana Caldas , Porto Diego Bastos , Neiva Gabriela Braga , Costa Silveste Coelho dos Santos
Published: April 2024

Questões Comentadas Sobre: Cuidados Paliativos.
ROTEIRO DE ESTUDO APLICADO DO SISTEMA RENAL
Authors: Omoto Rodrigo Hideki Sousa , Noguchi Selma Kazumi da Trindade , Costa Alfredo Cardoso , Freitas Jofre Jacob da Silva , Bastos Carlos Eduardo Matos Carvalho , Silva Alex Cezar Massoud Salame da
Published: April 2024

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ROTEIRO DE ESTUDO APLICADO AO SISTEMA RESPIRATÓRIO
Authors: Mendes Cauê Santos Rabelo , Noguchi Selma Kazumi da Trindade , Costa Alfredo Cardoso , Freitas Jofre Jacob da Silva , Bastos Carlos Eduardo Matos Carvalho , Conceição Larissa de Cássia Pinheiro da
Published: April 2024

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PRINCÍPIOS DA FISIOLOGIA DIGESTIVA
Authors: Noguchi Selma Kazumi da Trindade , Silva Daniel Figueiredo Alves da , Fernandes Luan Daher , Penha Matheus Maués da Silva , Chaves Rosa Helena de Figueiredo , Franco Karen Margarete Vieira da Silva
Published: April 2024

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TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Cruz Luany Rafaele da Conceição , Tavares Helber Freitas , Pantoja Jackeline Pinheiro , Sanches João Victor da Silva , Batista David Vilhena , Seabra Roselane Ferreira , Neves Aline Bento , Lopes Bárbara Cybelle Monteiro , Barbosa Vaneska Tainá Pinto , Oliveira Dyele da Silva de
Published: April 2024

A internação de um ente querido em uma UTI pode ser uma experiência extremamente complexa e desafiadora para os familiares. O ambiente desconhecido, a linguagem técnica, os equipamentos e procedimentos médicos, a gravidade do quadro clínico e a constante incerteza sobre o futuro geram uma mistura de emoções como medo, ansiedade, insegurança, angústia, culpa e desamparo. Nesse contexto, o ensino-aprendizagem se torna crucial para auxiliar os familiares a lidarem com a situação da melhor forma possível. É fundamental que a equipe de saúde, especialmente os enfermeiros, assume o papel de educadores, promovendo um processo de ensino-aprendizagem contínuo e humanizado.
Os objetivos do ensino-aprendizagem na UTI são diversos e abrangentes, os quais incluem a compreensão do quadro clínico do paciente, incluindo a doença, os procedimentos realizados, os equipamentos utilizados e os prognósticos possíveis e do funcionamento da UTI, das rotinas e dos profissionais envolvidos. Assim como, a redução da ansiedade e do estresse, a partir do esclarecimento de dúvidas e incertezas, da oferta de informações precisas e atualizadas sobre o estado do paciente, do ensino sobre as técnicas de relaxamento e manejo do estresse.
Ademais, tem-se ainda o fortalecimento do vínculo familiar, a partir do incentivo à participação dos familiares nos cuidados com o paciente, de acordo com suas capacidades e limites, além de promoção da comunicação aberta e honesta entre a equipe de saúde e os familiares. Em continuidade, tem-se o preparo à alta hospitalar com foco nas orientações sobre os cuidados que o paciente precisará em casa, a partir da oferta de um suporte emocional e prático para a reintegração do paciente à vida familiar e social.
O processo de ensino-aprendizagem deve ser realizado de forma ativa e humanizada, utilizando metodologias que considerem as necessidades e características individuais de cada família. Portanto, o ensino-aprendizagem na UTI se configura como uma necessidade fundamental para o bem-estar dos familiares e para a qualidade do cuidado prestado aos pacientes. Investir em estratégias eficazes à educação em saúde nesse contexto é essencial para garantir um ambiente mais acolhedor, humanizado e seguro para todos.
Future primary teachers and pedagogical interactions with boys and girls
Authors: Navarro Marianela , Martin Annjeanette , Montoya María F. , Concha Sofía
Published: April 2024

This study analyzes the interactions based on student gender that are promoted by future primary school teachers, with three distinct profiles in the subjects of natural sciences and math. The three teacher profiles combine socioemotional variables related to the teaching of these two subjects and variables related to gender bias. 17 class videos of both mathematics and natural sciences in the context of pre-service teacher preparation were analyzed regarding the interactions that took place. A prevalence of interactions directed towards boys was found. Regarding the type of profile, it was found that pre-service teachers with masculine traits promoted more interactions with gender equity. The implications for primary teacher preparation and for the creation of school environments in which girls are encouraged to engage in mathematics and natural sciences are discussed.
Cyanide removal by graphene-type oxidized biochar: kinetic study and adsorption isotherms
Authors: Yannick Daniel Djè  , Zoungranan Yacouba  , Dobi-Brice Kouadio Kouassi  , Lynda Ekou  , Tchirioua Ekou
Published: April 2024

The use of biomass to convert it into valuable chemicals has recently attracted the interest of researchers. In this study, graphene-type oxidized biochar was synthesized by calcination using oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) seed hulls of the hybrid variety dura x pisifera as the main carbon source. Graphene-like oxidized biochar (BOGp) was prepared from BGp by modification of the oxidation method described by Panicker and colleagues. The influences of mass variation, concentration and contact time were investigated, respectively. The study showed that for 0.1 g of BOGp used in 50 mL of a 1 mg/L cyanide solution, the elimination rate is 65%, for an equilibrium time of 60 minutes, and the elimination process is chemisorption, which follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Absorption is described by the Freundlich isotherm, confirming multilayer adsorption. The BOGp characteristics were analyzed using modern analytical methods. Characteristic analysis of the BOGp results indicated that it is a low-moisture material with a high ash percentage, a density of 0.71 and a zero-charge point pH of 4. DRX analysis showed characteristic graphitic carbon peaks at 2θ ≈ 26.03° followed by peaks at 2θ ≈ 10° and 2θ ≈ 43° characteristic of oxidized graphitic carbon. Infrared analysis revealed OH and C=O functions confirming BOGp oxidation and C=C and CH2 groups corresponding to the skeletal vibration of the graphene sheet.
A study on birth order, perceived parenting styles and emotional regulation amongst young adults
Authors: Shilpa Paul  , Deepthi Vijayan
Published: April 2024

The study investigated three variables that is Birth Order, Perceived Parenting Styles and Emotional Regulation amongst young adults. The aim of the study was to indicate the significant difference in Emotional Regulation amongst young adults across various Birth Order and Perceived Parenting Styles. The objectives of the study were to find whether there was an association between Birth Order and Perceived Parenting Styles as well as to see whether there is any significant difference in Emotional Regulation across Birth Order and Perceived Parenting Styles. A sample of 377 including First Born, Middle Born, Last child and Only Child were used. The present study had quantitative research design. The researcher used non probability convenience sampling. The tools that were used in this study were The Perceived Parenting Style Scale developed by Divya and Manikandan (2013) and Emotional Regulation Questionnaire was developed by Gross, J.J., & John, O.P. (2003). Chi square test of independence and ANOVA (Analysis Of Variance) were used for the analysis. The findings indicated that there was no association Birth Order and Perceived Parenting Styles, also there is no significant difference in Emotional Regulation strategies across Birth Order, but significant difference has been found in Emotional Regulation strategies across Perceived Parenting Styles.
Konstitusionalisasi Perlindungan Konsumen Perspektif Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia dan Hukum Profetik Islam
Authors: Musataklima Musataklima , Syamsudin M , Sulistiyono Adi
Published: April 2024

People are ipso facto consumers. People, as consumers, have rights that must be protected by law. As human beings, consumers have rights that must be protected, respected, fulfilled, and advanced by the state. However, current consumer protection could be more effective and stronger, as evidenced by many consumer complaints to the National Consumer Protection Agency. (BPKN). This is also due to the weak legal instruments of consumer protection that need to be burned into the country’s constitution. Based on this, the study aims to analyze the urgency of constitutionalizing consumer protection from the perspective of human rights and prophetic Islamic law. The research method used is the study of doctrinal law with conceptual and legislative approaches. The data used is secondary data, i.e., primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials obtained through the study of libraries and online searching (internet searching), surfing, and downloading, and subsequently analysed qualitatively. As for the results of this study, the first constitutionalization of consumer protection from a human rights perspective can guarantee the fulfillment of the right to life as a fundamental human right and can be an instrumentation of the fulfillment of a right to a decent and safe standard of living to be consumed. Second, from the perspective of prophetic law, the constitutionalization of protection can empower public authorities to fulfill, respect, implement, and enforce consumer protection, thus realizing the liberation and humanization of consumers from unfair and fraudulent trade.
Hyperkalemia Mimicking Anteroseptal Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Nugraha Raka Aldy , Husen Auliya , Muliawan Hary Sakti , Zamroni Dian
Published: April 2024

Background: Hyperkalemia often results in cardiac emergency associated with fatal cardiac arrhythmias. However, the presence of ST segment elevation in hyperkalemia is rare and could potentially subject the patients to unnecessary risk of intervention. Most commonly, ST elevation in hyperkalemia presents in a down-sloping fashion compared to the typical convex or upsloping pattern in myocardial infarction. However, in some cases, the ST elevation morphology can be very identical and difficult to distinguish. Herein, we describe a hyperkalemic patient presenting with non-ischemic ST segment elevation that resolved spontaneously following therapy.

Case illustration: A 77-year-old, bed-ridden, inarticulate woman was admitted to emergency department with acute dyspnea perceived for 1.5 hours. The patient’s past clinical history included craniotomy for subdural hematoma, poorly controlled hypertension, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and dementia and was under candesartan, amlodipine, nebivolol, spironolactone, and atorvastatin treatment. The 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG) recording showed wide QRS complex with left bundle branch block pattern, slow atrial fibrillation with total atrioventricular block, ST segment elevation and Q wave in anteroseptal leads, and peaked T wave (Figure 1A). The pattern of ST elevation was indistinguishable from that of myocardial infarction which necessitated further laboratory confirmation. Laboratory results showed severe hyperkalemia (K+ 7.93 mmol/L) and normal troponin level (45.0 ng/L). The patient was given serial insulin-based therapy and calcium gluconate immediately. The follow-up ECG pictured normal sinus rhythm with no sign of bundle branch block, resolution of ST segment elevation, and reduction in T wave amplitude (Figure 1B). However, the reduction in potassium level was not significant and the patient also experienced an acute kidney injury. The patient was transferred to intensive care unit and was prepared for hemodialysis.

Conclusion: ST segment elevation is a rare feature of hyperkalemia that could mislead the patient’s treatment. Thorough ECG evaluation is the key to narrow down the differential diagnosis. Every deviant feature should not be interpreted separately. Laboratory tests could help confirm the diagnosis, particularly in patients with atypical presentation and could help avoid unnecessary risk of intervention.
PEACH Score Validation as a Predictor of Postoperative In-hospital Mortality in Adult Congenital Heart Disease Patients at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan
Authors: Zebua Juang Idaman , Nasution Ali Nafiah , Ketaren Andre Pasha , Hasan Harris , Akbar Nizam Zikri
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is an abnormality in the structure and function of the heart that is acquired while still intrauterine where the incidence of CHD worldwide is estimated at around 8 cases per 1,000 live births. Even though the development of the medical science is currently advanced, there are still CHD patients who are lately diagnosed and found when the patient is an adult so it requires surgical interventions. The PEACH score is a score that can predict postoperative in-hospital mortality in adults CHD patients. This study aims to validate the PEACH score.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 52 adult patients with CHD who underwent surgery at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital from January 2019 to April 2023. Validation was analyzed using a calibration and discrimination test to the PEACH score in predicting postoperative in-hospital mortality.

Result: The incidence of in-hospital mortality was 8 (15.4%) patients. There is a relationship between the PEACH score group and the incidence of mortality (p=0.006). The results of the calibration test using the Hosmer and Lameshow analysis and the discrimination test using the Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis showed good validation (p=0.85; AUC=0.83).

Conclusion: The PEACH score is valid for predicting postoperative in-hospital mortality in adult congenital heart disease at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital.
Çocuk Kitapları Yetişkinlere Ne Söylüyor?
Authors: Aslan Canan , Burgul Adıgüzel Ferah
Published: April 2024

Çocuk edebiyatı ürünleri yalnızca çocukların gelişimsel süreçlerini desteklemek için değil,

farklı amaçlarla yetişkin eğitimi programlarında da kullanılmaktadır. Kimi yetişkinlerse çocuk

kitaplarını bir program dâhilinde olmaksızın, kendi ilgi ve isteği doğrultusunda okumaktadır.

Kendi ilgi ve isteğiyle çocuk kitapları okuyan yetişkinlerin bu kitapları kimin için okudukları

ve kitapların kendilerine katkıları konusundaki görüşleri bilinmeye değer bir konudur. Bu

araştırmanın temel amacı, yetişkinlerin yetişkinlik döneminde gönüllü olarak okudukları çocuk

edebiyatı ürünlerini kimin için okudukları ve bu kitapların kendilerine katkıları konusundaki

görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırma, temel nitel araştırma yaklaşımına göre desenlemiştir.

Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, kendi ilgi ve isteği doğrultusunda çocuk edebiyatı ürünleri okuyan

gönüllü 221 yetişkindir. Grup, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme yoluyla

belirlenmiştir. Veriler, içinde araştırmanın amacına uygun soruların yer aldığı bir form

aracılığıyla çevrimiçi ortamda toplanmış; ayrıca beş gönüllü yetişkinle yarı yapılandırılmış

görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde içerik çözümlemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Çalışmanın sonucunda yetişkinler sırasıyla en çok kendileri, çocukları, öğrencileri, akrabaları,

arkadaşlarının çocukları ve yakınları için çocuk kitapları okuduklarını; bu kitapların “çocuğu

anlama ve çocukla iletişim kurma”, “kendini tanıma ve anlama”, “kendini geliştirme” ve “öznel

iyi oluş halini artırma” konusunda kendilerine katkı sağladığını belirtmişlerdir.
Decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia regarding Criminal Procedure Law in Criminal Law Enforcement in the City of Kediri
Authors: Nurhayati Siti , Rizal Moch. Choirul , Dermawan Rizki
Published: April 2024

Several decisions of the MK formulated new arrangements regarding criminal procedural law in Indonesia. However, the legislature has yet to follow up. Therefore, this study focuses on describing and providing prescriptions regarding MK decisions which were followed up by criminal law enforcement officers in Kediri City along with the embodiment of the principle of legal certainty. Legal research (which is certainly normative) uses statutes, case and conceptual approaches. This research was conducted in the City of Kediri by collecting primary, secondary, and non-legal legal materials using library research, interviews, and focus group discussion techniques. Analysis in research is prescriptive to find the truth of coherence. As a result, first, the decisions of the MK that changed several articles in the criminal procedural law in Indonesia have been followed up by criminal law enforcement officials in the City of Kediri through the centralized policies of each institution. Second, several policies following up on the MK decision have guaranteed the realization of the principle of legal certainty, except for the issuance of a circular letter from the MA which confirms that a request for review is only 1 (one) time. However, these follow-up actions are not actually within the authority of each institution and are still partial in nature, giving rise to relatively one-sided interpretations and disparities in the handling of criminal cases.
Analysis Of The Economic Potential And Efficiency Of Cucurbitaceae Agricultural Businesses In The Peatlands
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze the economic potential of peatland utilization based on local wisdom by farmers in the Rasau Jaya Village and to analyze the most efficient Cucurbitaceae species to run based on the results of production BEP values, price BEP, ROI, PP, and R/C. The method used in this study is descriptive with a Participatory Rural Appraisal approach, meaning that it involves the active role of the community in obtaining data. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation and interviews using questionnaires. Sample collection was carried out by purposive sampling, with a total sample that met the inclusion criteria of 21 people. Analysis of economic potential data is carried out by calculating farmer receipts and income, while efficiency analysis is carried out by looking at the value of production BEP, price BEP, ROI, PP, and R/C. The results showed that the receipts for pumpkin, cucumber, watermelon, melon, squash and bitter gourd respectively were Rp. 2,375,000, Rp. 2,400,000, Rp. 2,800,000, Rp. 3,000,000, Rp. 2,400,000 and Rp. 2,400,000. Income received successively Rp. 275,000, Rp. 220,000, Rp. 700,000, Rp. 900,000, Rp. 300,000 and Rp. 300,000. Efficiency analysis shows that Cucurbitacea farming is efficient to run, and the most efficient type of Cucurbitacea is melon. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the Cucurbitaceae agricultural business has economic potential and is efficient to run, especially the melon type.
Forensic examination of lipsticks as trace evidence under different environmental conditions
Authors: Turkay Seyda , Kizil Soner
Published: April 2024

Trace evidence such as fingerprints, biological fluids, fibres, glass, hairs, soils, and cosmetics have been considered most of the important materials on the crime scene, which can be potentially transferred or exchanged between two surfaces when one makes contact to another. Cosmetic products are one of the valuable trace pieces of evidence on crime scene that are generally used for beautification, moisturize, reinforcement of the skin, nutritiveness, and improve the feeling or sensory aspects. In this study, different lip cosmetic products including wax lipstick, liquid lipstick, gloss and lip balm were investigated as forensic evidence. For this, 102 of lip cosmetic samples (20 of lipstick, 14 of lip gloss, 22 of lip balm and 46 of liquid lipstick) were analyzed by using Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The differentiation between lip cosmetic products is detected. The effect of environmental conditions is studied. For this, lip cosmetic products are kept in various water medium such as simulated sea water, tap water, and distilled water in order to track the chemical stability by FTIR. Moreover, they are kept in different time of intervals from 1 day to 1 month to investigate the change over time. Staining of lip products to various substrates including fabric, glass and paper towel have been also explored. The effect of substrate type, lip cosmetic products, time and water sources have been systematically explored by FTIR and video spectral comparator (VSC). All the samples have been examined under different light sources such as visible light, UV-A (365 nm), infrared (695 nm) and spot (fluorescence) to observe the distinctive features of lip cosmetic samples on different substrates. The results have demonstrated that lip products including wax, liquids lipstick, gloss and lip balm have distinguishing character which is observed by FTIR and VSC8000. Moreover, the chemical stability of lip cosmetic products under different water sources could be characteristic tools for differentiating of lip cosmetic products. The outcomes show that cosmetic trace evidence found in water source could be critical evidence in crime scene investigation.
التحليل المكاني لخصائص الترب لمشروع مياه بدرة جصان في محافظة واسط باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS
Authors: عبد علي حمزة القريشي فاطمة , فاضل عبيد الغراقولي عباس
Published: April 2024

تناولت دراسة البحث التحليل المكاني لخصائص الترب لمشروع مياه بدرة جصان في محافظة واسط باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية. من خلال اختيار (6) عينات موزعة في منطقة الدراسة وتم تحليل تربتها كيميائياً وفيزيائياً لموسمي الاول (الصيفي) والموسم الثاني (الشتوي) للفترة (2020 -2021) . وقد بينت النتائج تباين في الخصائص النوعية لتربة منطقة الدراسة لاختلاف مواقعها اذ تتصف تربتها بانها تربة مزيجية رملية اما نسبة قيمة التوصيلة الكهربائية فقد تراوحت بين (7.11-3.76 ) ds.m-1  للموسم الاول و (6.90 – 4.17) ds.m-1للموسم الثاني، وقد تراوحت المواد الصلبة الذائبة بين (2328- 1494) ppm للموسم الاول و(2154 - 1056) ppm للموسم الثاني ،اما النحاس فقد تراوح بين (13.42)ppm (14.85)ppm للموسم الاول ، اما الموسم الثاني فقد تراوح بين(8.44) ppm و (7.29)ppm ، وتراوحت قيم الزنك بين (0.40)ppm  و(0.24) ppm للموسم الاول اما الموسم الثاني فتراوحت قيمه بين (0.24) ppm (0.76) ppm ، اما الحديد  فقد كانت قيمته تتراوح بين(0.35 ) ppmو (0.22) ppm  ، اما الموسم الثاني فقد سجل اعلى قيمة (0.45) وادنى قيمة له (0.21)  ppm  ، اما ايون النيتروجين فقد سجل اعلى قيمة له (35.42) ppm للموسم الاول و ( 31.88) ppm للموسم الثاني  في العينة (S6) لكلا الموسمين ، وسجلت ادنى قيمة لأيون النتروجين الجاهز 12.08 ppm للموسم الاول و( 8.40)  ppm للموسم الثاني ، وتبين ان قيمة ايون الكادميوم في منطقة الدراسة منخفضة جدا بالنسبة للعناصر الاخرى فقد سجلت اعلى قيمة له (0.05) ppm للموسم الاول و (0.04) ppm للموسم الثاني كما موضح في شكل (20) ، وسجل ايون الكادميوم ادنى قيمة له (0.01) ppm ، يلحظ ارتفاع قيمة ايون البوتاسيوم للموسمين في عينات منطقة الدراسة فقد سجلت اعلى قيمة للأيون (56.59 )ppm للموسم الاول و (192.1) ppm للموسم الثاني اما القيمة الدنيا للأيون فقد سجلت (27.52) ppm للموسم الاول و( 37.5) ppm ، ان اعلى قيمة للكالسيوم (989.90) ppm للموسم الاول (الصيفي) اما الموسم الثاني (الشتوي) فقد كانت اعلى قيمه له (1293) ppm في العينة (S2) ، اما القيم الادنى فقد تراوحت بين (506.6) ppm و (526) ppm في الموسم الثاني، ان اعلى قيمة لكاربونات الكالسيوم في الموسم الاول (27.20)% اما الموسم الثاني (39.3)% وقد سجل ادنى قيمة للموسم الاول (15.20)% اما الموسم الثاني فقد سجل ( 28.9)%، ان اعلى قيمة لأيون الفسفور الجاهز هي (33.54) mg/kg للموسم الاول في العينة الاولى اما الموسم الثاني فقد كانت (71.18) mg/kg  وادنى قيمة للموسم) اذ كانت (10.32) mg/kg اما الموسم الثاني فقد سجلت (23.61) mg/kg ، نلحظ ان المواد العضوية للموسم الاول قد تراوحت بين اعلى قيمة (1.85)% وادنى قيمة ( % 0.7، اما الموسم الثاني فقد كانت اعلى قيمة كانت (2.84)% وادنى قيمة فقد كانت (0.91) %.
أثر أسلوب الاستفهام في تفسير معاني آيات الاستعانة والرجاء عند مفسري الشيعة المحدثين
Authors: خلود كريم ثجيل الخفاجي  , أ.م.د عامر هاشم الدريعي
Published: April 2024

تميزت أساليب الطلب الإنشائية بأهميتها في القرآن الكريم، وفاضت شهرتها في اللغة العربية فكان من بينها أسلوب الاستفهام، ومن أجل ذلك جاء هذا البحث بعنوان(أثر أسلوب الاستفهام في تفسير معاني آيات الاستعانة والرجاء عند مفسري الشيعة المحدثين) إذ قامت الباحثة ببيان معنى الاستفهام وأهم أدواته والكشف عن الأغراض المجازية التي تضمنها سياق آيات القرآن الكريم ولاسيما آيات الاستعانة والرجاء، والتي هي محور بحثنا هذا، وقد تم عرض أهم التعريفات الاصطلاحية للاستفهام التي طرحها البلاغيين والنحاة والأصوليين، ثم تناول ما احتواه مضمون آيات الاستعانة والرجاء من معاني وأغراض مجازية كالتعجب والتعجيز والتهكم والأنكار والأمر والنفي والتعظيم والتقرير وغير ذلك من المعاني, وبيان نوع  الاستفهام فيها، وبالتالي جاء البحث على أربع مطالب:

المطلب الأول: الاستفهام عند البلاغيين والنحاة والأصوليين.

المطلب الثاني: أدوات الاستفهام وأنواعه.

المطلب الثالث: الأغراض المجازية للاستفهام.

المطلب الرابع: المبحث الثاني: الخروج المجازي لأدوات الاستفهام في آيات الاستعانة والرجاء.

كما تضمن البحث على خاتمة وردَ فيها أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الباحثة بشكل موجز ومختصر.
الأساليب الإحصائية للخصائص الديموغرافية لأطفال التوحد في محافظة واسط
Authors: الزاملي نمارق مطشر فرحان , أ.م.د صباح وهب عبد الله
Published: April 2024

تطرق البحث الى أهم ظاهرة معقدة تتصف بالأضطرابات النفسية والعقلية والسلوكية (التوحد) التي تصيب الأطفال خلال مراحل عمرية صغيرة , فظاهرة التوحد هي واحدة من الاضطرابات التطورية والتي تتصف بوجود قصور في مراحل النمو الاجتماعي والمعرفي, واثبتت الدراسات ان متوسط العمر الذي تبدأ فيه اعراض التوحد بالظهور تكون بين )16 -20) شهراً من عمر الطفل, ويمكن ان تظهر اعراضه ويتم تشخيصه في السنوات الثلاث الاولى من عمر الطفل المصاب ويستمر مدى الحياة, فيعاني طفل التوحد من خلل في التواصل اللفظي والغير لفظي والتفاعل الانفعالي والاجتماعي مع البيئة التي تحيط به, وصعوبات واضحة في التعلم وتلقي المعلومات وأكتساب المهارات الجديدة .

جاء هذا البحث ليسلط الضوء على ظاهرة التوحد في محافظة واسط ,والخروج بمعالجات ومقترحات للحد من هذه الظاهرة ولتنبؤ باعداد المصابين من الاطفال بالتوحد مستقبلاً  من خلال استخدام نماذج أحصائية علمية , لبيان اهم الانواع المنتشرة بين الاطفال على مستوى الوحدات الادارية والتي تتأثر بطبيعة المكان وما يحتويه من متغيرات يمكن ان يكون لها الاثر البارز لظهور التوحد , كما توضح تباين التوزيع الجغرافي بين الوحدات الادارية في المحافظة
Exploring the Psychological Realities of U.S Women Soldiers during the Iraq War in Sand Queen Novel
Authors: Assist. Lecturer. Estabraq Ali Alwazzan
Published: April 2024

اصبحت النساء  في الآونة الأخيرة  تعمل في اماكن النزاع والحروب فهن يقمن بدور فعال والذي يتم تجاهله في كثير من الأحيان . حيث تقوم بمهام متنوعة  فهي صحفية , مسعفة ,  ممرضة  وجندي  والى ما شابه  ذلك من المسؤوليات التي تمثل عنصر السلام في الحرب . ان هذا الدور الركيزي يقابله  رفض مجتمعي تام بل الكثير من المشاكل الجسيمة والانتهاكات كالاغتصاب والجرائم بشتى اشكالها  والاختطاف والعنف القائم على النوع الاجتماعي . اعتادت المرأة منذ نشأتها على رعاية العائلة والاطفال والخوض في صدام مستمر مع تركيبة الرجل الذكورية  المستبدة ومع هذا  فعند البحث في فترات مختلفة من التاريخ نجد ان  المرأة لها سمة بارزة في الحروب  وشغلت العديد من الوظائف في المجال العسكري وهذا ما قابله بالرفض المجتمعي لفكرة تواجد المرأة في ساحات القتال  جنبا الى جنب مع الذكور . لكن مع تقدم الزمن , اصبح هناك وعي اكثر لأهمية المرأة في حفظ السلام بين الشعوب كونها تتميز بمهارات متعددة حيث بدأت الحكومات باصدار قوانين تسمح بانضمام النساء للسلك العسكري  دون قيد او حرج. لعبت المجندات الأميركيات دوراً  بارزاً في المشاركة في حرب العراق عام 2003 متجاهلين فكرة  العنف المحتمل ضد النساء. تتناول هذه الدراسة  الكشف عن عدة  اوجه للعنف  ضد المجندات الامريكيات  في العراق والاستراتيجيات اللازمة للحد من  الآثار النفسية لهذا النوع من العنف. ستضع رواية ملكة الرمال (2011) للكاتبة هيلين بنديكت أساسًا أدبيًا للتحليل من خلال استخدام النموذج الثنائي للعنف القائم على النوع الاجتماعي ونظرية الصدمة. وأظهرت النتائج أن العنف ضد المرأة في الحرب مميت بلا شك وله آثار بعيدة المدى على الناس والمجتمعات والحضارات. يمكن لواضعي السياسات والمنظمات العسكرية تصميم سياسات فعالة لحماية سلامة ورفاهية القوات العسكرية من النساء من خلال دراسة ديناميكيات العنف ضد المرأة في ساحات القتال.
The Role of Data Journalists as Educators
Authors: Cai Mandi , Kay Matthew
Published: April 2024

In 2020, data journalists reported on complex, dynamic issues like COVID-19 and the U.S. presidential election, publishing articles that used data to visualize a narrative and articles that explicitly instructed audiences on how to interpret data and data visualizations. Data journalism may very well be instrumental in developing the public's familiarity with and literacy in data and data visualizations, but it remains unclear how to define or measure literacy cultivated by data and visual journalism. It also remains unclear how best to support data journalists in teaching their readers. Moreover, data journalists frequently report on polarizing topics involving data that is subject to widespread disagreement. This raises the question of how to teach data and data visualization literacy while considering opposing values and ideologies among audiences. I outline existing definitions of data and data visualization literacy, and propose some future directions for how data journalists could support this literacy among their readers and partner with educators.
Advanced Applications of Kerr Micro-combs
Authors: Moss David
Published: April 2024

We review our work on advanced applications of optical Kerr frequency microcombs, including an optical convolutional accelerator operating at 11 Tera-OPS.
कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता: हिंदी भाषा मॉडलों का भविष्य [Artificial Intelligence: The Future of Hindi Language Models]
Authors: Ranjan Pramod
Published: April 2024

This Hindi Paper discusses the future of Hindi language models in the context of artificial intelligence (AI). It highlights the rapid advancements in AI, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has significantly impacted various professions, including writers, poets, musicians, artists, educators, and software coders. The article delves into the capabilities and limitations of AI in writing and its implications for the Hindi language. It also examines the role of large language models (LLMs) in enabling machines to write and understand human-like text, and the ethical considerations surrounding AI-generated content. The piece emphasizes the importance of addressing biases in AI models to ensure they reflect a fair and accurate representation of society.
The influence of a sub-lithospheric layer width on the partitioning of the induced mantle flow, surface motions and subduction dynamics
Authors: Carluccio Roberta , Moresi Louis , Capitanio Fabio , Farrington Rebecca , Colli Lorenzo , Mather Ben
Published: April 2024

The partitioning of the three-dimensional mantle flow into toroidal and poloidal components is a diagnostic element to characterise tectonics regimes, with both fields being substantially active and representative of the contemporary mode of mantle convection. The toroidal:poloidal ratio (T/P) affects several aspects of mantle circulation, including the sinking of the subducting lithosphere into the mantle and the lateral transport of melt and volatiles around the subduction zone. Geophysical observations suggest the presence of a very weak and thin sub-lithospheric layer (SLL) underneath several segments of the subducting Pacific lithosphere; however very little is known about its lateral extent. To address the impact of an SLL on mantle circulation in three dimensions, we perform buoyancy-driven subduction numerical models where we introduce an SLL and systematically vary its width and viscosity. Our results show that a non-uniform SLL produces a variety of subduction regimes and significant T/P (0.18-0.52). Most importantly, a considerable toroidal flow component is found in models where the slab has no free edge, where the deformation field would otherwise be completely poloidal, and the toroidal component is suppressed. As such, these outcomes provide a novel contribution to the long-standing debate on the link between the slab pull driving force in buoyant convection and the generation of toroidal flow. Furthermore, these findings aid the interpretation of subduction zones characterised by lateral variability in slab (c-to-s) morphology and trench (advance-to-retreat) migration where geophysical studies have reported an SLL, including Mariana, Izu-Bonin, and Nazca subduction regions, among others.
The Relationship between Peer Pressure and Self-Esteem among LGB Individuals from the Metropolitan Cities of India.
Authors: Kurade Palomi , Topno Apurv
Published: April 2024

Along with the association between peer pressure and self-esteem among LGB Indians, this study also studies the differences in sexual orientation.
The Role of Culture and Semantic Organization in Working Memory Updating
Authors: Leger Krystal , Snyder Hannah , Boduroglu Aysecan , Gutchess Angela
Published: April 2024

Westerners tend to relate items in a categorical manner, whereas Easterners focus more on functional relationships. The present study extended research on semantic organization in long-term memory to working memory. First, Americans’ and Turks’ preferences for categorical versus functional relationships were tested. Second, working memory interference was assessed using a 2-back working memory paradigm in which lure items were categorically and functionally related to targets. Next, a mediation model tested direct effects of culture and semantic organization on working memory task behavior, and the indirect effect, whether semantic organization mediated the relationship between culture and working memory interference. Whereas Americans had slower response times to correctly rejecting functional lures compared to categorical lures, conditions did not differ for Turks. However, semantic organization did not mediate cultural difference in working memory interference. Across cultures, there was evidence that semantic organization affected working memory errors, with individuals who endorsed categorical more than functional pairings committing more categorical than functional errors on the 2-back task. Results align with prior research suggesting individual differences in use of different types of semantic relationships, and further that literature by indicating effects on interference in working memory. However, these individual differences may not be culture-dependent.
Social Support Moderates the Relationship Between Childhood Ostracism and Paraphilic Thoughts
Authors: Lodge Daniel , Vione Katia , Fido Dean
Published: April 2024

The relationship between childhood ostracism and experiences of paraphilic thoughts is unclear, with very little known about the subsequent impact of improved social support in later life. This study used mixed methods (i.e., moderation analysis, content analysis) to explore the effects of social support and childhood ostracism on paraphilic thoughts, and further explored individuals' views on people with sexually deviant attitudes and behaviours. Two hundred seventeen participants (mean age = 27.5 years, 63.6% female) responded to an online survey. In men, but not in women, the relationship between childhood experiences of ostracism and paraphilic thoughts was strengthened in individuals with high social support, and weaker in individuals with low social support. The qualitative analysis indicated differences in attitudes of the general population between people who have committed sexual offences and people who have sexually deviant thoughts. Results of this study raise internationally applicable questions about the development of public health support for people with deviant sexual thoughts and attitudes via interventions to help prevent potential sex offences in adulthood, thus, challenging and potentially preventing the cyclical relationship of sexual abuse reviewed in the literature.
Mindset types: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Buchanan Ash
Published: April 2024

A mindset type refers to the classification of a specific type of mindset. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates all of the different mindset types that have been named throughout history in the title of scholarly publications. It was found that 1,882 different mindset types have been named, with a small number of those types becoming quite dominant in the field. It was also found mindset types seldom acknowledge the existence of one another, and they also seldom study how all mindset types are interrelated. It is recommended everyone in the field of mindset works together to break down the existence of scholarly silos, and widens their circle of acknowledgement, so they can embrace a diverse and comprehensive view of mindset theory that is inclusive of all mindset types.
Responsibility of war industry for lethal autonomous weapons systems
Authors: Iwan-Sojka Dominika
Published: April 2024

International Responsibility of War Industry offers a new perspective on who is actually involved in war industry but do not necessarily bear responsibility for their contribution to armed conflicts and compliance with international values. It puts forward a novel theory about how these participants influence humanitarian crises. The book analyses an original, longitudinal dataset, on responsibility of various (both corporate and individual) participants of war industry, including states, international organizations, non-state armed groups, individuals, and private companies for effects of hostilities stemming from decisions made in tandem by humans and neural networks (within or without the human–machine relationship).
THE ORGANISATIONAL DILEMMA OF NATIONAL REGULATORY AUTHORITIES IN THE EU COUNTRIES: MULTIPLICITY OR UNITY?
Authors: Łapszyński Radosław
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to examine the phenomenon of National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) tasked with the regulation of various domains, as well as the process of amalgamation of existing specialised authorities that leads to their creation. Firstly, the author presents the materials and research methods used. The second part of the study involves mapping the NRAs currently operating in the EU Member States and creating a typology of such authorities, consisting of single-purpose, multi-sector, and “super regulators”. Thirdly, the author verifies his hypothesis that the general consolidation trend of central government administration in Europe also applies to NRAs in the EU Member States and examines selected amalgamations of regulatory agencies in the form of mini case studies. The fourth part addresses the significance of the institutional form (consolidated or specialised) of NRAs from the perspective of regulatory effectiveness, i.e. achieving the EU regulatory objectives.
LEGAL ISSUES OF SPATIAL PLANNING IN AGRICULTURAL AREAS IN THE LIGHT OF THE AMENDMENT OF THE SPATIAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 7 JULY 2023
Authors: Marciniuk Konrad
Published: April 2024

The author analyses the impact of the law reforming the spatial planning system on issues of shaping agricultural production space and, more broadly, on spatial management in rural areas. Passed on 7 July 2023, the Act represents the largest and most ambitious reform of the spatial planning system in at least 20 years. The new law introduces a number of provisions relating strictly to agricultural areas. The most significant change from this point of view is the expansion of the catalogue of values that must be taken into account by entities participating in spatial planning to include issues related to the shaping of agricultural production space and the development of agricultural production. The consequence of these changes will be an increase in the importance of agricultural space-shaping issues in the spatial planning process. The author also analyses other changes affecting agriculture, including, above all, a further extension of the protection of agricultural land from uncontrolled use for non-agricultural purposes.
THE ROLE OF PUBLIC SECTOR ENTITIES IN IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY – CHARACTERISTICS OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE CONTRACTS
Authors: Pytko Julia
Published: April 2024

Improving energy efficiency is one of the EU’s key actions to mitigate climate change. The public sector is expected to play a key role in the fight against climate change. Therefore, it is useful to describe the role of public sector entities in improving energy efficiency and the legal tools they can use for this purpose. One such tool is the energy performance contract. In this article, the characteristics of normative and non-normative acts adopted at EU and national levels in the field of energy efficiency have been identified. It also analyses the provisions on energy performance contracts in order to show what such a contract is and how its essential elements should be designed. The identification of the fundamental problems arising from the current provisions on the conclusion of energy performance contracts will contribute to the possibility of redesigning these provisions or creating new legal frameworks in a way that better responds to the needs of market participants.
NEW LABOUR CHALLENGES IN POLISH AND EUROPEAN AGRICULTURAL LAW
Authors: Niewiadomska Agata
Published: April 2024

New technologies, artificial intelligence, or the digitalisation of the economy are challenging lawyers in terms of the functioning of the existing legal instruments as well as the creation of completely new ones. The challenges of the digitalisation era mainly concern labour law. Traditional work performed at the employer’s premises is still of great importance, while at the same time the legislator, if only in Poland, regulates new types of employment relationships, such as remote working. However, there is a problem, which is analysed in the article, of how these new legal mechanisms can be applied in various sectors of the economy. One example where this seems to pose difficulties is agriculture. Because some activities in traditional agriculture have to be done physically, the new legal mechanisms may prove ineffective. The article identifies contemporary challenges to labour and agricultural law that need to be implemented, due to technological advances. De lege ferenda postulates have been identified in relation to remote working in agriculture, precision farming, agriculture 4.0, or the Smart Village concept. At the same time, it is emphasised that the implementation of all these mechanisms and legal solutions will not be effective without adequate funding.
PECULARITIES OF LEGAL EDUCATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE USA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, Fedorov Ihor
Published: April 2024

У статті досліджено проблему розвитку правової освіти та правового виховання в зарубіжних країнах. Вона розкриває проблеми, пов'язані із цим процесом, а також основні тенденції та особливості, що виявлені в здійсненні правової освіти в закладах освіти. Також стаття визначає роль органів публічного управління в цій сфері. Ключові слова: освіта, правова освіта, право, суспільство, держава.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF FORMATION OF RISK COMPETENCE OF FUTURE OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors:   National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Korolov Artem
Published: April 2024

У статті закцентовано увагу на особливостях професійної діяльності офіцера Національної гвардії України (далі – НГУ) та доведено, що в умовах існування реальних та потенційних загроз і ризиків набуває особливої актуальності формування ризикологічної компетентності майбутніх офіцерів. Визначено, що дослідження підготовки майбутнього офіцера НГУ до здійснення професійної діяльності в умовах ризикових ситуацій вимагає обґрунтування процесу проєктування структурно-функціональної моделі формування ризикологічної компетентності майбутнього офіцера НГУ. При моделюванні процесу формування ризикологічної компетентності враховано фахові й особистісні потреби майбутніх офіцерів НГУ, рівень професійних знань, умінь і навичок, особливості здійснення процесу оцінювання результативності та ефективності спроєктованої моделі. Закцентувано увагу на актуальності наукової проблематики статті через проведення пілотного дослідження. Проаналізовано методи, форми та засоби формування ризикологічної компетентності майбутніх офіцерів НГУ в процесі професійної підготовки. Експериментально перевірено та підтверджено ефективність моделі формування ризикологічної компетентності офіцерів НГУ в процесі професійної підготовки, що є основою здійснення службово-бойової діяльності в умовах дії ризикогенних факторів та передбачає підготовчий, практико-технологічний та аналітико-рефлексійний етапи. Ключові слова: ризик, компетентність, офіцер Національної гвардії України, структура, модель, аналіз.
INFORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEM: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE AND UKRAINIAN PRACTICE
Authors:   Eastern Ukrainian Volodymyr Dahl National University, Zasimovych Olena
Published: April 2024

У статті описано європейський досвід неформальної освіти. Визначено переваги й недоліки такого формату освіти. Проаналізовано стан розвитку системи неформальної освіти впродовж останніх 10 років. Наведено та проаналізовано результати досліджень, що проводились в Україні та поза її межами стосовно форматів та мотивації різних вікових груп населення щодо неформальної освіти дорослих. Визначено основний принцип навчання дорослих – безперервність. Розкрито сутність поняття «неформальна освіта», перелічено чинники, що впливають на її якість та ефективність. Розмежовано трактування понять «неформальна освіта», «формальна освіта» та «інформальна освіта». Проаналізовано роботи вітчизняних і закордонних науковців з питань неформальної освіти дорослих. Проведено аналіз наукових досліджень щодо системності неформальної освіти, визначено їх групи. Опрацьовано й описано законодавчу й нормативно-правову базу щодо впровадження неформальної освіти як в Україні, так і поза її межами. Проаналізовано «Концепцію розвитку освіти дорослих в Україні», Європейську стратегію зайнятості, Закон України «Про освіту дорослих», Програму навчання впродовж життя (Lifelong Learning Programme). Визначено складові системи неперервної освіти, її основні функції, ключові форми здобуття, наведені приклади платформ, які стануть в пригоді при підвищенні рівня самоосвіти. Проведено порівняння неформальної освіти з традиційною та описано її переваги, серед яких задоволення потреб та запитів особистості, її природна здатність до самовдосконалення та внутрішнього зростання. Обґрунтовано необхідність створення системи неформальної освіти та розроблення механізмів зарахування її результатів на загальнодержавному рівні. Ключові слова: освіта впродовж життя; неформальна освіта; освіта дорослих; безперервна освіта; неперервна освіта.