bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling Ordinal First Return Dynamics from Time Series
Authors: Shahriari Zahra , Algar Shannon D. , Walker David M. , Small Michael
Published: October 2024

We examine the family of ordinal First Return Maps (FRMs) of a dynamical system time series to model the system’s dynamics. We consider two distinct modeling approaches using the same modeling method and compare their outcomes to ascertain the prerequisites for each to function and which approach is more effective in different circumstances. The first approach involves short-term modeling of the entire flow, followed by identifying the ordinal sections on the predicted flow. The second approach relies on locating the ordinal sections within the reference time series and using the data from each section independently to build a model that can produce a long-term prediction for each section’s FRM. We demonstrate the effectiveness of these approaches on two well-known dynamical systems, the Lorenz and Rössler equations, emulating data deficiency by selecting a low sampling rate. We consider the effect of downsampling on the shape of the FRMs to choose suitable ordinal sequences to use in creating Poincaré sections from the time series. Following that, we propose a dissimilarity measure between the reference and predicted FRMs to assess the model quality. We then compare the reference and predicted FRMs using the introduced dissimilarity criterion to determine which modeling approach performs better in each situation. Ultimately, we classify the FRMs situation into continuous and piecewise continuous scenarios. Based on our observations from the Lorenz and Rössler dynamical systems, we found that when the system’s FRMs are piecewise continuous, it is more effective to model the entire flow. However, when the FRMs are continuous, our choice of modeling approach depends on the criterion that the predicted FRM is more similar to the reference.
Limit Cycles in a Class of Continuous–Discontinuous Piecewise Linear Differential Systems with Three Zones
Authors: Berbache Aziza
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we investigate the existence of limit cycles in piecewise linear systems separated by two parallel straight lines, where in one of these straight lines, the piecewise differential system is continuous, and in the other, it is discontinuous. Based on the methods of Poincaré map and first integral, we prove that these systems can have at most two limit cycles. Additionally, taking into account the type of singular points in the zones, we present examples with one or two limit cycles for all possible combinations.
Optimizing electrostatic acceleration noise by precisely adjusting the differential potential between the electrodes and test mass for space inertial sensors
Authors: Chu Liangyu , Bai Yanzheng , Chen Bingxue , Hong Wei , Li Honggang , Liu Li , Liu Yanchong , Zhou Zebing
Published: October 2024

In space-based gravitational wave detection, charge management is used to reduce unwanted electrostatic noise by controlling the absolute charge of the test mass (TM). However, the charge management process will cause periodic interruptions in the scientific measurements. In order to minimize the frequency and influence of the interruptions, this paper proposes a method to optimize the electrostatic noise by adding a common voltage to all the actuation electrodes, to precisely adjust the potential difference between the TM and the electrodes. Theoretical analyses and simulation evaluations indicate that the permissible limit of accumulated charge on the TM can be extended from [Formula: see text] e to [Formula: see text] e, while maintaining the same electrostatic noise requirement level of [Formula: see text] m/s2/Hz[Formula: see text]. This approach shows that it allows a tenfold extension of the charge management period, significantly reducing interruptions in gravitational wave detection.
Case Study — Breaking Barriers: Women Empowerment in a Conservative Society
Authors: Gafoor Rahmana , Mirani Manzoor Ali
Published: October 2024

Muhammad Ali Mugheri (Mr. Mugheri), a Pakistani high school teacher, had to overcome crucial obstacles to change the mindset of the school management, the government, and the society — a male-dominated environment conserved in laws and culture for girls’ education. For the first time in history, such a change agent highlighted how the male gender faced issues on the way of bringing a positive change in the conservative society of Sindh, Pakistan. His educational background and work experience led him to rapid progression from the role of a girls’ high school teacher to a headmaster in the primary girls’ school to a boys’ high school teacher. After more than 14 years of working as a teacher and a headmaster, he struggled for female education in the conservative society and negligent government. As he reflected on the hard journey he had been through, although he was sincere and dedicated, he wondered what was next? In 2022, Mr. Mugheri faced yet a tough decision to change the workplace under pressure from authorities; if so how would he continue working for the cause of women’s education?

In September 2022, Mr. Mugheri was confronted with another setback challenging a serious threat to his mission of fighting for girls’ right to education. As a school headmaster, he aimed for many positive changes to bring but he felt cornered. He contemplated on the challenging times he had seen to reach this point of time. Mr. Mugheri was passionate about the success of girls’ education in a conservative society. For a man, staying for long in the girls’ school, be it government girls higher secondary school or primary girls school, was a distant reality. Considering the challenges, he wondered if he could continue as a head of school, or was it time for him to change?

Mr. Mugheri was the headmaster in the girls’ primary school, Lalu Raunk, Sindh, Pakistan. All his staff were female teachers. This was not acceptable to many in the conservative societies. The community heads and parents raised their concerns for his appointment in a girls’ school. Nonetheless, due to his earlier contributions to the schools, he could continue following his passion. He was greatly respected for his charismatic leadership style and his outstanding work on female education. He attributed his superior performance in the education sector to his drive, unwavering motivation to work, passion for female education, and tough decisions he had made in his career. “Give me an educated mother and I will give you an educated nation” the quote he stated repeatedly.
A combinatorial formula for the Wedderburn decomposition of rational group algebras of split metacyclic p-groups
Authors: Choudhary Ram Karan , Prajapati Sunil Kumar
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we present a concise combinatorial formula for efficiently determining the Wedderburn decomposition of rational group algebra associated with a split metacyclic [Formula: see text]-group [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is an odd prime. We also provide a combinatorial formula to count irreducible rational representations of [Formula: see text] of distinct degrees.
A solvability criterion for finite groups related to vanishing conjugacy classes
Authors: Robati Sajjad Mahmood
Published: October 2024

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite group. An element [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] is termed as a vanishing element if there exists at least one irreducible character [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we prove that if the set of vanishing elements of prime power orders in [Formula: see text] is the union of at most three conjugacy classes, then [Formula: see text] is solvable.
Machine Learning for Improving Renewable Energy: Integrating Solar Power for Continuous Operation of Smart Sensors During Natural Calamities
Authors: Ali Ahmed Refaie , Zhara F. , Shukri Sakinah Mohd , Mamun Mohd Abdullah Al , Iqbal S. , Ved Amit
Published: October 2024

This research tackles the critical issue of ensuring reliable data collection during natural disasters, such as floods, by calibrating and integrating smart sensors with renewable energy systems. Natural disasters often disrupt power supplies, posing significant challenges to the continuous operation and data availability of these sensors. To address this challenge, the study proposes leveraging renewable solar energy as a sustainable and reliable power source for smart sensors. By incorporating solar energy systems, the framework guarantees that sensors remain operational even in extreme conditions, ensuring that crucial environmental data is consistently accessible for rescue and recovery efforts. The research introduces an innovative approach that employs renewable energy to sustain the functionality of smart sensors during disasters. The framework includes models designed to manage uncertainties in disaster scenarios and optimize energy use for sensor operation. Additionally, the machine learning forecasting tool Prophet is utilized to improve the accuracy of predictions related to energy consumption and sensor performance. Prophet’s strength in handling time series data and generating reliable forecasts is vital for this application.
Uncertainty Quantification in Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA): A Case Study in South China Sea
Authors: Li Hongwei , Xu Zhiguo , Wang Zongchen , Shi Jianyu , Yuan Ye
Published: October 2024

In this study, uncertainty quantification and parametric sensitivity analysis in Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA) are performed for the South China Sea using a Monte Carlo approach. Uncertainties in parameters such as the magnitude–frequency distribution of the potential tsunami zone, geodetic information used to constrain the maximum magnitude, properties determining the slip distribution, scaling laws and dip of unit sources are considered, each of which is varied separately while the others are fixed. The Coefficient of Variation (COV) of tsunami amplitudes corresponding to a fixed annual probability at different coastal sites is used to represent the uncertainty of each parameter. In addition, the overall tsunami hazard and uncertainty are also presented by simultaneously varying all parameters in a Monte Carlo series. Our results suggest that a major contributor to the uncertainty is the magnitude frequency distribution parameters, especially the maximum magnitude. Geodetic information can be used to solve the problem that the maximum magnitude is underestimated owing to the scarcity of mega earthquakes in the historical earthquake catalog, while it will also lead to a large uncertainty if the parameters in it are not well determined. Among these geodetic parameters, the seismic coupling coefficient is the parameter that most influences the uncertainty as it is difficult to determine an accurate value. The effect of the slope parameter [Formula: see text] in the magnitude–frequency relationship is complicated because of its influence in determining the maximum magnitude and the number of earthquake events. In addition, the uncertainty associated with the down-dip width of the seismogenic zone is not remarkable but cannot be ignored, which is similar to that of the annual plate slip rate, while the effect of the rigidity is relatively small because its effect on the average slip of earthquake events will reduce the uncertainty. Compared to the uncertainty in determining the maximum magnitude, the effect of slip distribution properties such as Hurst exponent, correlation length and scaling exponent and the choice of scaling laws is relatively small. The uncertainty in the dip angle of the unit source is moderate and cannot be ignored, especially for sites along the strike of the subduction zone. Tsunami curves for four coastal sites indicate that the tsunami hazard in the South China Sea is subject to large variations when considering all uncertainties in the PTHA, with the COV in 2000 years at different sites being about 0.25, which means that the 95th percentile is about two times of the 5th percentile.
Optimized Design of Mechanical Cantilever Structure Parameters and Stress Field Inversion Study Based on Deep Neural Network
Authors: Guo Jibin , Hou Zhongzhi
Published: October 2024

With the advancement of industrial technology, the increasing complexity and diversity of mechanical structures impose heightened demands on engineering design and manufacturing processes. Traditional stress–strain analysis methods, however, often encounter limitations in both accuracy and efficiency, particularly when addressing complex geometries and nonlinear material properties. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces the DGUNet framework, which integrates a Graph Neural Network (GCN), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithms for precise prediction of the stress–strain state in intricate mechanical structures such as cantilever beams. The framework conducts comprehensive modeling of cross-sectional shapes, material characteristics and loading conditions through GCN, captures temporal dependencies via GRU, and optimizes stress–strain predictions within continuous action spaces using DDPG, thereby enhancing the accuracy and robustness of predictions. In the experimental evaluation, the DGUNet framework successfully captures the intricate interrelationships and stress evolution patterns within the structures, demonstrating superior performance in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and other metrics compared to traditional stress–strain analysis methods. The results obtained from both public datasets and finite element analysis (FEA) datasets substantiate that DGUNet significantly elevates the accuracy and efficiency of mechanical structure analysis, offering novel technical approaches and strategies for the design optimization of complex engineering structures, and providing robust methodological support for achieving more efficient structural optimization and safety assessments in engineering design.
Electrochemical Oxidation of Glutathione in the Presence of Tryptophan at Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with Ni-Zn-Metal-Organic Frameworks/Graphene Oxide and Ferrocene Derivative
Authors: Zaimbashi Reza , Salarizadeh Navvabeh , Askari Mohammad Bagher
Published: October 2024

Glutathione (GSH) plays a vital physiological role as it is implicated in the progression and pathogenesis of a wide range of medical conditions, including diabetes, various types of cancer, and Parkinson’s disease. Due to the fundamental physiological importance of GSHand its relevance to numerous medical conditions, there is a clear need to develop simple, rapid, and cost-effective analytical methods. These methods could significantly aid in clinical diagnostics and guide the optimization of treatment approaches. This work reports the synthesis and characterization of a Ni-Zn-metal-organic framework/graphene oxide (Ni-Zn-MOF/GO) composite material, and its application as a modifier for a carbon paste electrode (CPE) in the electrochemical detection of GSH. The Ni-Zn-MOF/GO/ferrocene (FC)-modified CPE (Ni-Zn-MOF/GO/FC/CPE) was developed for this purpose. The Ni-Zn-MOF/GO/FC/CPE electrochemical sensor exhibited two linear response ranges for GSH: from 0.01–90.0 μM, and from 90.0–800.0 μM, with a detection limit estimated to be 0.003 μM. Importantly, Ni-Zn-MOF/GO/FC/CPE was shown to be suitable for the determination of GSH in the presence of tryptophan in real samples, such as human blood, GSH tablet and urine samples. The results highlight the potential of the Ni-Zn-MOF/GO/FC/CPE electrochemical sensor as a reliable and sensitive platform for the detection of GSH.
Application of Recycled Battery-Graphite Electrode Decorated with Polyglutamic Acid/Au Nanoparticles for Detection of Nalbuphine Drug Abuse
Authors: Tawfik Hanaa S. , Ahmed Rasha A. , Abdel Ghani N. T. , El Nashar Rasha M.
Published: October 2024

We report a highly uniform nanocomposite of polyglutamic acid (PGA) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) electrodeposited on a recycled battery graphite electrode (BGE) for the detection of Nalbuphine (NB), a semi-synthetic opioid. The sensor was optimized and characterized morphologically (via scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis) and electrochemically (via cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy). Under optimized conditions, the PGA/AuNPs/BGE revealed two linear ranges, 2.5 × 10−8 to1.0 × 10−6 M, and 2.0 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−4 M for Nalbuphine (NB), that is equivalent to 9.825 × 10−3 to 0.393 μg ml−1 and 0.786 to 39.30 μg ml−1, with R2 = 0.995 and 0.994, respectively, and showed good catalytic activity for the determination of nalbuphine in the presence of tramadol and the oxidation potential of these opioid analgesic drugs were separated. The sensor was successfully applied for the detection of NB in its pharmaceutical formulations, spiked urine, and human plasma samples, without applying any sample pretreatment, at a recovery range of 99 ± 0.03 to102 ± 0.02% and thus, the developed can be considered as a promising approach for NB abuse testing in clinical and forensic agencies.
Electrochemical Drawdown of U3+ and Ce3+ in Molten LiCl-KCl Using a Liquid Cadmium Cathode
Authors: Wu Biao , Zhou Xiaoyuan , Ding Xuemin , Çubuk Ahmet Burak , Wang Yafei , Guo Shaoqiang , Lin Peng
Published: October 2024

The electrorefining of spent nuclear fuels is a key step to recover uranium and transuranium on separated cathodes. However, the electrolyte salts become contaminated with fission products after batches of electrorefining, and therefore the two unit processes for the drawdown of actinide and lanthanide are suggested before treatment of the contaminated salts. We investigated the electrochemical drawdown of U3+, Ce3+, and U3+ from Ce3+ in molten LiCl-KCl electrolyte using a liquid cadmium cathode (LCC) at 773 K. The drawdown mechanism of U3+ and Ce3+ was determined by cyclic voltammograms and calculating the equilibrium potential. After galvanostatic electrolysis, high recovery yields were obtained for the drawdown of U3+ and Ce3+, but the current efficiency of Ce3+ was at least twice as high as that of U3+ due to the cyclic electrolysis of U3+/U4+. Despite significant underpotential deposition of Ce3+ in the LCC, an exceptional separation factor for Ce relative to U reached 84.67 ± 17.13, which was attributed to the formed pure uranium products hindering the subsequent deposition of Ce3+. Moreover, pure uranium products and Ce-Cd intermetallic compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS).
Simulation of Total Harmonic Distortion of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells for Carbon Deposition Detection
Authors: Wang Yinan , Wang Yuqing , Zhang Ruiyu , Fan Junhua , Shi Yixiang
Published: October 2024

Identifying the degradation mechanisms at the early stage of operation is important for the long-term operation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Compared to conventional methods, total harmonic distortion analysis (THDA) can significantly reduce the test time for identifying performance degradation during SOFC operation. In this study, a one-dimensional transient elementary reaction kinetic model of an SOFC fueled with syngas is developed. The model incorporates the coupling effect of elementary chemical and electrochemical reactions, the electrode microstructure, the charge and mass transport processes, and the detailed evolution reaction of surface adsorbed carbon. A THDA simulation calculation method was developed and applied to determine the failure mode of anode carbon deposition. The amplitude, duration, and harmonic number of the perturbation signal are determined to improve fault detection for THDs. The results show that the use of THD can not only detect carbon accumulation behavior at the early stage of SOFC operation but also distinguish the specific degradation mechanism caused by carbon deposition: the hindered SOFC charge transfer reaction can be detected in the frequency range of 100–4000 Hz, and the hindered gas diffusion process inside the anode can be detected in the frequency range of 0.01–10 Hz.
A slow limit: extensive motor training cannot overcome a limit on the production of slow and smooth motion
Authors: Noy Lior , van der Wel Robrecht , Friedman Jason
Published: October 2024

People can improve their ability to produce smooth slow movements in the short term (10 training sessions) in a sinusoidal tracking task by reducing the rate of submovements, but they are not able to eliminate them entirely. This lack of an ability to move slowly and smoothly was confirmed in a second experiment, where there was a lack of difference observed between long-term slow movement practitioners (i.e., tai chi experts) and novices.
Comparison of Sheathless and Sheathed Guiding Catheters in Transradial Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Majeed Zuhair , Tariq Muhammad Haider , Ahmed Arslan , Usama Muhammad , Amin Ahmed Mazen , Khan Abira , Bajwa Muhammad Shahzaib , Umar Muhammad Faiq , Turkmani Mustafa , Abuelazm Mohamed , Khan Ubaid
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The sheathless transradial (TR) technique is a novel approach that may offer potential benefits over the conventional TR approach. We aim to comprehensively investigate the safety and efficacy of sheathless versus conventional TR percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs).

Methods: We conducted comprehensive searches across PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and EMBASE until July 2023. Pooled data were reported using risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous outcomes and mean difference (MD) for continuous outcomes, along with a 95% confidence interval (CI). PROSPERO ID: CRD42023443834.

Results: We included 11 studies with 15,392 patients. The radial artery spasm (RAS) (RR: 0.26, 95% CI: [0.09, 0.77], p = 0.02) and cross‐over to the femoral site (RR: 0.28, 95% CI: [0.10, 0.81], p = 0.02) were significantly lower in the sheathless group. However, radial artery occlusion (RAO) (RR: 2.84, 95% CI: [1.78, 4.54], p < 0.0001) and success rate (RR: 1.011, 95% CI: [1.004, 1.019], p = 0.002) were significantly higher in the sheathless group. Also, we did not find a significant difference between both groups in all‐cause mortality (RR: 0.41, 95% CI: [0.16, 1.04], p = 0.06).

Conclusion: The sheathless TR approach showed lower rates of RAS and femoral conversion. Sheathless has a higher success rate; however, it also increased RAO. Thus, more trials are needed to confirm this technique’s long‐term outcomes and complications.
Boundedness for Commutators of Singular Integral Operator With Weaker Smooth Kernel on Weighted Hardy and Herz Spaces
Authors: Chen Jiamei , Sun Jie
Published: October 2024

In this job, let T be a variant of Hörmander’s singular operator and b ∈ Lipβ,ω(ℝn). We adopt the classic Harmonic analysis method and obtain that commutators are bounded on weighted Hardy space and weighted Herz space.
Tolerance of Bupropion SR After Delayed‐Onset Urticaria and Angioedema Associated With Bupropion XL
Authors: Elali Faisal R. , Grant Arthur C.
Published: October 2024

Bupropion is an atypical antidepressant indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), seasonal affective disorder (SAD), and smoking cessation. It is also used off‐label for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Its mechanism of action includes the selective norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). The drug is available in immediate‐release (IR), sustained‐release (SR), and extended‐release (XL) formulations. Common side effects are typically mild and include anxiety, insomnia, headache, dizziness, constipation, and nausea. Rarely, cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions may occur. We describe a 23‐year‐old man who developed severe and diffuse urticaria and angioedema 4 weeks after initiation of bupropion XL for MDD and ADHD. The bupropion was stopped, and he was treated with levocetirizine, diphenhydramine (oral and topical), and methylprednisolone with complete resolution of his symptoms within 2 weeks. Due to a good initial therapeutic response to the medication, a trial of bupropion SR was initiated. The patient again had a favorable therapeutic response without any dermatologic side effects.
Optimization of Biped Robot Walking Based on the Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Mei , Zhong Peisi , Yang Shihao , Liang Zhongyuan , Song Qingjun
Published: October 2024

The central pattern generator (CPG) is widely applied in biped gait generation, and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is commonly used to solve optimization problems for CPG network controllers. However, the canonical PSO algorithms fail to balance exploration and exploitation, resulting in reduced optimization accuracy and stability, decreasing the control effectiveness of CPG controllers. In order to address this issue, a balanced PSO (BPSO) algorithm is proposed, which achieves better performance by balancing the algorithm’s exploration and exploitation capabilities. The BPSO algorithm’s solving process consists of two phases: the free exploration phase (FEP), which emphasizes exploration, and the attention exploration phase (AEP), which emphasizes exploitation. The proportion of each phase during optimization is controlled by an adjustable parameter. The BPSO algorithm is subjected to qualitative, numerical, convergence, and statistical analyses based on 13 benchmark functions. The experimental results from the benchmark functions demonstrate that the BPSO algorithm outperforms other comparison algorithms. Finally, a linear walking optimization method for humanoid robots based on the BPSO algorithm is established and tested in the Webots simulator. Comparative results with two other optimization methods show that the BPSO‐based optimization method enables the robot to achieve greater walking distance and smaller lateral deviation within a fixed number of iterations. Compared to the other two methods, walking distance increases by at least 60.98% and lateral deviation decreases by at least 1.96%. This research contributes to enhancing the locomotion capabilities of CPG‐controlled humanoid robots, enriching biped gait optimization theory and promoting the application of CPG gait control methods in humanoid robots.
ANXA1 Enhances the Proangiogenic Potential of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Authors: Ma Xiaocao , Zhao Bichun , Wang Chao , Sun Manqiang , Dai Yawen , E. Lingling , Gao Mingzhu , Liu Xiangwei , Jia Yali , Yue Wen , Liu Hongchen
Published: October 2024

Dental trauma is highly prevalent in children and adolescents, alongside tooth decay. This condition mainly induces pulp contamination, pulp necrosis, and tooth avulsion in the clinical context. The disturbance to root growth is prone to occur in immature permanent teeth. However, conventional endodontic treatment may not achieve favorable outcomes in these cases, necessitating conducting relevant exploration. Therefore, this study was performed to examine the impact of Annexin A1 (ANXA1) on the vascular repair of dental pulp using human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Specifically, RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) and functional clustering analyses were employed to identify key genes involved in pulp regeneration. ANXA1 was detected in DPSCs and may correlate with pulp restoration. However, it remains undefined about the potential of ANXA1 to promote the angiogenetic differentiation of DPSCs. The results of this study revealed that the addition of ANXA1 significantly enhanced the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A) in DPSCs. Moreover, the incubation of DPSCs with ANXA1 resulted in a higher expression level of endothelial markers and promoted vessel formation through the upregulation of the phosphorylated p38 (p‐p38) pathway. The in vivo results corroborated that the ANXA1 group exhibited more blood vessels and an increased ratio of positive staining for CD31. In conclusion, these findings indicate that ANXA1 enhances the in vivo and in vitro vascularization of DPSCs, and the activation of p‐p38 may play a pivotal role in mediating the differentiation process.
Structural Dynamic Response Reconstruction Based on Recurrent Neural Network–Aided Kalman Filter
Authors: Wang Yiqing , Song Mingming , Wang Ao , Sun Limin
Published: October 2024

In structural health monitoring (SHM), an important issue is the limited availability of measurement data due to the spatial sparsity of sensors installed on the structure. These measurements are insufficient to accurately depict the actual dynamic behavior and response of the structure. Therefore, full‐field (i.e., every degree of freedom) structural response reconstruction based on sparse measured data has drawn a lot of attention in recent years. Kalman filter (KF) is an effective technology for response reconstruction (also known as state estimation), providing an optimal solution for systems that can be well‐represented by a fully known Gaussian linear state‐space model. This implies that both the process noise and measurement noise follow known zero‐mean Gaussian distribution, which is impractical in many civil engineering applications considering the unavoidable modeling errors and variations of environmental conditions. To address this challenge, a data‐physics hybrid‐driven method, i.e., KalmanNet, is proposed in this study for response reconstruction of partially known systems. By integrating a recurrent neural network (RNN) module into the KF framework, KalmanNet can efficiently learn and compute the Kalman gain using available monitoring data, without any Gaussian assumptions or explicit noise covariance specifications (e.g., covariance matrices of process and measurement noise). Both numerical and experimental investigations are conducted to validate this method. The results demonstrate that under the influence of non‐Gaussian noise and modeling errors, KalmanNet can effectively and accurately reconstruct the structural response from sparse measurements in real‐time and has higher accuracy and robustness compared to traditional KF even with optimal parameter settings.
Assessment of Satisfaction Levels Among Families of Intensive Care Unit Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Shbeer Abdullah , Ageel Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Background: Regularly measuring family satisfaction with intensive care unit (ICU) experience is crucial for ensuring high‐quality care and identifying areas for improvement. This study aimed to evaluate family satisfaction with the ICU in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 248 family members of patients admitted to various ICUs. The survey assessed family satisfaction via a validated questionnaire, the Critical Care Family Satisfaction Survey (CCFSS), which includes five subscales: assurance, information, comfort, proximity, and support. Demographic data were also collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated.

Results: The demographic distribution revealed that a majority of the participants were female (70.97%, n = 176), with the relationships with the patients predominantly being parents (41.94%, n = 104) or offspring (33.87%, n = 84). The overall satisfaction score was 3.79 ± 1.26, with 66.13% of the participants reporting high satisfaction, 20.97% reporting intermediate satisfaction, and 12.90% reporting low satisfaction. The mean subscale scores were as follows: assurance (3.82 ± 1.2), information (3.83 ± 1.25), comfort (3.81 ± 1.27), proximity (3.72 ± 1.28), and support (3.78 ± 1.28). The highest satisfaction scores were observed for sharing in decisions, noise levels, and staff honesty, whereas the lowest scores were for visiting hours flexibility, transfer preparation, and staff responsiveness. Males reported significantly greater satisfaction (4.24 ± 1.20) than females did (3.61 ± 1.11, p = 0.007).

Conclusions: This study revealed moderate to high levels of family satisfaction with the ICU, with significant differences based on sex. The findings highlight the importance of effective communication, family involvement in decision‐making, and supportive ICU policies. ICUs should regularly assess family satisfaction and use the results to guide quality improvement efforts, with a focus on areas with lower satisfaction scores.
Curcumin as a Supportive Therapy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Seth Anand , Iyyuni Sravya , Sharma Saurabh , Sethi Ritu , Nath Suresh , Imeokparia Michael
Published: October 2024

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing public health concern. The management of diabetes is a lifelong process that requires diabetic education, attempts to achieve near optimal glycemic control, minimizing cardiovascular and other long‐term risk factors, and avoidance of drugs that can exacerbate abnormalities of insulin and lipid metabolism. In the treatment of T2DM, curcumin has demonstrated much potential as an adjunct therapy due to its anti‐inflammatory properties and its ability to reduce oxidative stresses within the body. However, the low bioavailability poses limitations to its therapeutic potential. In this paper, we discuss the benefits of curcumin in a healthy diet, its potential and limitations as a supportive therapy. The Ayurvedic perspective of curcumin in diabetes is also discussed. Mechanisms for increasing the bioavailability of the supplement is discussed. Also, epigenetic regulation of type 2 diabetes is discussed, especially the role of DNA methylation.
Length and Weight Relationship, Condition Factor, and Morphometric Characteristics of Eleven Freshwater Fish Species in Koto Panjang Reservoir, Indonesia
Authors: Azrita Azrita , Syandri Hafrijal , Aryani Netti
Published: October 2024

This study analyzes the species composition, length–weight relationship (LWR), condition factor, and morphometric and meristic characteristics of eleven freshwater fish species in Kota Panjang Reservoir, Indonesia. Fresh specimens were collected from September 2023 to February 2024. Results show that among the sampled species, two belong to Order Anabantiformes, three to Order Siluriformes, and six to Order Cypriniformes. The Order Siluriformes has the lowest species composition, with Hemibagrus wyckii at 3.09%, while the Order Cypriniformes has the highest, with Barbonymus schwanefeldii at 15.25%. The LWR coefficient b ranges from 1.693 to 3.151. Of the species studied, only Hemisilurus heterorhynchus (b = 2.174), Clarias teijsmanni (b = 2.046), Anabas testudineus (b = 2.375), Labiobarbus festivus (b = 2.305), and Rasbora argyrotaenia (b = 1.693) fall outside the expected range of 2.5 < b less than < 3.5. One species exhibits a positive allometric growth (+), seven show a negative allometric growth (−), and three display an isometric growth (I). Fulton’s condition factor (Kc) averages between 0.73 ± 0.15 and 4.96 ± 0.63, indicating morphological variation. The allometric condition factor (Ka) ranges from 0.87 ± 0.18 to 26.25 ± 4.05, reflecting differences in resource availability and competition. Relative condition factor (Kn) values range from 1.00 ± 0.09 to 2.51 ± 0.55, indicating good growth. Morphometric analysis shows that Rasbora argyrotaenia has the smallest average total length, head length, and body depth, while Hemibagrus wyckii has the largest. The results provide new data on the LWR, condition factor, and morphometric characteristics of eleven selected freshwater fish species in Kota Panjang Reservoir, Indonesia, and offer up‐to‐date information on the remaining species in the study area. These findings could have a significant impact on species stock assessments and help identify priority species for domestication.
A 28‐GHz Vivaldi Array Antenna With Power Divider Structure for Achieving Wide Band and Gain Enhancement
Authors: Chung Ming-An , Udris Dainius , Lin Chia-Wei , Yang Chih-Wei
Published: October 2024

This article presents a planar Vivaldi array antenna based on a power divider structure. A half‐loop defected ground structure (DGS) is performed to decrease the mutual coupling between antennas in the bottom layer of the substrate. The proposed Vivaldi antenna has a 1 × 8 power divided microstrip line structure and performs well in antenna gain and beam directivity. To validate the design, the proposed high‐gain planar Vivaldi array antenna was manufactured, and the measured results were very similar to the simulated one. The size of the proposed antenna is 67 × 44 mm2, the application band is 25–27.3 GHz, and the measured peak gain is 12.6 dBi. The antenna is simulated with an electromagnetic power density (PD) of 28.5 W/m2 at 1 cm2 and 7.27 W/m2 at 4 cm2, which are in compliance with the FCC regulations. Therefore, this antenna is suitable for wearable devices and is applied to n257, n258, and n261.
Supplementary Table II from Tumor NOS2 and COX2 Spatial Juxtaposition with CD8+ T Cells Promote Metastatic and Cancer Stem Cell Niches that Lead to Poor Outcome in ER− Breast Cancer
Authors: Ridnour Lisa A. , Heinz William F. , Cheng Robert Y.S. , Wink Adelaide L. , Kedei Noemi , Pore Milind , Imtiaz Fatima , Femino Elise L. , Gonzalez Ana L. , Coutinho Leandro L. , Moffat Rebecca L. , Butcher Donna , Edmondson Elijah F. , Li Xiaoxian , Rangel Maria Cristina , Kinders Robert J. , Rittscher Jens , Lipkowitz Stanley , Wong Stephen T.C. , Anderson Stephen K. , McVicar Daniel W. , Glynn Sharon A. , Billiar Timothy R. , Chang Jenny C. , Hewitt Stephen M. , Ambs Stefan , Lockett Stephen J. , Wink David A.
Published: October 2024

Supplementary Table II summarizes �8+ T cells in designated regions of the tumors.
Supplementary Figure 6 from Tumor NOS2 and COX2 Spatial Juxtaposition with CD8+ T Cells Promote Metastatic and Cancer Stem Cell Niches that Lead to Poor Outcome in ER− Breast Cancer
Authors: Ridnour Lisa A. , Heinz William F. , Cheng Robert Y.S. , Wink Adelaide L. , Kedei Noemi , Pore Milind , Imtiaz Fatima , Femino Elise L. , Gonzalez Ana L. , Coutinho Leandro L. , Moffat Rebecca L. , Butcher Donna , Edmondson Elijah F. , Li Xiaoxian , Rangel Maria Cristina , Kinders Robert J. , Rittscher Jens , Lipkowitz Stanley , Wong Stephen T.C. , Anderson Stephen K. , McVicar Daniel W. , Glynn Sharon A. , Billiar Timothy R. , Chang Jenny C. , Hewitt Stephen M. , Ambs Stefan , Lockett Stephen J. , Wink David A.
Published: October 2024

Modulation of EpCAM and CD44v6+.
Figure 7 from Tumor NOS2 and COX2 Spatial Juxtaposition with CD8+ T Cells Promote Metastatic and Cancer Stem Cell Niches that Lead to Poor Outcome in ER− Breast Cancer
Authors: Ridnour Lisa A. , Heinz William F. , Cheng Robert Y.S. , Wink Adelaide L. , Kedei Noemi , Pore Milind , Imtiaz Fatima , Femino Elise L. , Gonzalez Ana L. , Coutinho Leandro L. , Moffat Rebecca L. , Butcher Donna , Edmondson Elijah F. , Li Xiaoxian , Rangel Maria Cristina , Kinders Robert J. , Rittscher Jens , Lipkowitz Stanley , Wong Stephen T.C. , Anderson Stephen K. , McVicar Daniel W. , Glynn Sharon A. , Billiar Timothy R. , Chang Jenny C. , Hewitt Stephen M. , Ambs Stefan , Lockett Stephen J. , Wink David A.
Published: October 2024

Metastatic niche showing invasive tumor edge proximal to lymphoid aggregates. A, Composition of tumor marker CKSOX10 (blue), NOS2 (red), COX2 (green), and CD8 (magenta), in which NOS2+ and COX2+ cells (yellow circles) have migrated away from larger tumor lesion and invaded into the stroma. B, CKSOX10 tumor marker alone relative to CD8+ T-cell aggregate. C, DAPI with CD8 expression.
Figure 6 from Tumor NOS2 and COX2 Spatial Juxtaposition with CD8+ T Cells Promote Metastatic and Cancer Stem Cell Niches that Lead to Poor Outcome in ER− Breast Cancer
Authors: Ridnour Lisa A. , Heinz William F. , Cheng Robert Y.S. , Wink Adelaide L. , Kedei Noemi , Pore Milind , Imtiaz Fatima , Femino Elise L. , Gonzalez Ana L. , Coutinho Leandro L. , Moffat Rebecca L. , Butcher Donna , Edmondson Elijah F. , Li Xiaoxian , Rangel Maria Cristina , Kinders Robert J. , Rittscher Jens , Lipkowitz Stanley , Wong Stephen T.C. , Anderson Stephen K. , McVicar Daniel W. , Glynn Sharon A. , Billiar Timothy R. , Chang Jenny C. , Hewitt Stephen M. , Ambs Stefan , Lockett Stephen J. , Wink David A.
Published: October 2024

S-UMAP and regional annotations identify cellular neighborhoods of interest with respect to the tumor CSC markers EpCAM and CD44v6. A, Unsupervised analysis of S-UMAP highlighting distinct EpCAM and CD44v6 expression in specific magnified regions (also shown in Fig. 5D); red box showing CD8−NOS2+COX2+ phenotype in the metastatic niche (cyan) in a stroma-restricted inflamed region; yellow and blue boxes show CD8−NOS2−COX2+ phenotypes in immune desert regions. B, Supervised analysis showing distinct EpCAM and CD4v6 expression in regions containing tumor satellites, tumor core, NOS2+ edge, lymphoid aggregates, and NOS2− edge.
Figure 2 from Tumor NOS2 and COX2 Spatial Juxtaposition with CD8+ T Cells Promote Metastatic and Cancer Stem Cell Niches that Lead to Poor Outcome in ER− Breast Cancer
Authors: Ridnour Lisa A. , Heinz William F. , Cheng Robert Y.S. , Wink Adelaide L. , Kedei Noemi , Pore Milind , Imtiaz Fatima , Femino Elise L. , Gonzalez Ana L. , Coutinho Leandro L. , Moffat Rebecca L. , Butcher Donna , Edmondson Elijah F. , Li Xiaoxian , Rangel Maria Cristina , Kinders Robert J. , Rittscher Jens , Lipkowitz Stanley , Wong Stephen T.C. , Anderson Stephen K. , McVicar Daniel W. , Glynn Sharon A. , Billiar Timothy R. , Chang Jenny C. , Hewitt Stephen M. , Ambs Stefan , Lockett Stephen J. , Wink David A.
Published: October 2024

Analysis of tumor NOS2/COX2 expression with respect to CD8+ T cells. A, Ratio of NOS2s/CD8 and COX2/CD8 expression in total and CD3+CD8+PD1− cytolytic T-cell populations. B, ER− breast cancer at 5-year survival stratified for high vs. low NOS2/CD8 and COX2/CD8 ratio validation in GSE37751 breast cancer data from Genome Expression Omnibus public data repository (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/info/download.html). The R software (version 4.2) was used to extract gene expression data from ER− samples for analysis of high (red) vs. low (black) NOS2/CD8a and COX2/CD8a ratios dichotomized at the median. The survival data were exported to Prism (version 9) and plotted for survival. HRs and P values were determined using Mantel–Haenszel and Gehan–Breslow–Wilcoxon test in Prism software. C, Phenotype % cell distributions in each tumor sample relative to survival. Each dot represents a tumor sample, and the dashed lines denote natural breaks in the data. D, Distribution plots of NOS2s vs. CD8+ T cells of all samples showing distinct regional clustering of immune deserts, fully inflamed penetrating CD8+ T cells, and inflamed stroma-restricted CD8+ T cells in tumors from deceased (red) vs. alive (blue) patients. *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01.
Feasibility of Telementoring during Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy
Authors: den Boer Robin B. , de Jongh Cas , van Boxel Gijs I. , Rouanet Philippe , Mourregot Anne , Ruurda Jelle P. , van Hillegersberg Richard
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Telementoring could increase the quality, reduce the time, and increase cost efficiency of the proctoring program for robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE). However, feasibility is unclear as no studies assessed telementoring for RAMIE. Methods: The feasibility of telementoring was assessed during the thoracic part of RAMIE procedures in three high-volume centers. RAMIEs were performed by trained surgeons, proctored by two experts. The primary outcome was the impact of the technology on conveying and understanding instructions. Results: Between December 2021 and December 2022, nine RAMIE procedures were proctored using telementoring. Overall quality of the telementoring technique was scored good to excellent (median score: good). The vast majority of the 24 proctor instructions were conveyed and understood fluently (n = 21, 96%). Most proctor instructions were aimed at improving surgical exposure (n = 9, 38%). The major point of criticism was the use of the audio as the communication through the headset of the performing surgeon was not accessible by the complete team. Discussion: Telementoring is deemed feasible for proctoring trained RAMIE surgeons after onsite proctoring. Technical improvements with regard to audio technology are warranted for broad implementation, especially in earlier training settings. The role of telementoring in the training pathway of learning surgeons needs clinical validation.
Securing DNS over HTTPS traffic: a real-time analysis tool
Authors: Dhiya Eddine Abid , Abdelkader Ghazli
Published: October 2024

DNS over HTTPS (DoH) is a developing protocol that uses encryption to secure domain name system (DNS) queries within hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS) connections, thereby improving privacy and security while browsing the web. This study involved the development of a live tool that captures and analyzes DoH traffic in order to classify it as either benign or malicious. We employed machine learning (ML) algorithms such as K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), deep neural network (DNN), and support vector machine (SVM) to categorize the data. All of the algorithms, namely KNN, RF, and DT, achieved exceptional performance, with F1 scores of 1.0 or above for both precision and recall. The SVM and DNN both achieved exceptionally high scores, with only slight differences in accuracy. This tool employs a voting mechanism to arrive at a definitive classification decision. By integrating with the Mallory tool, it becomes possible to locally resolve DNS, which in turn allows for more accurate simulation of DoH queries. The evaluation results clearly indicate outstanding performance, confirming the tool's effectiveness in analyzing DoH traffic for network security and threat detection purposes.
Company clustering based on financial report data using k-means
Authors: Firdaus Gusti Aditya Aromatica , Wulandhari Lili Ayu
Published: October 2024

Stock investment is the act of providing funds or assets to obtain future payments for gifts given. In its application, novice investors often make mistakes, one of which is not knowing the health condition of the company they want to target. By applying the machine learning clustering method based on company financial report data, it was found that 2 clusters were formed. This can show the current condition of the company so that it can be a consideration for investors, such as clusters of companies that have a profit trend that is always stable and increasing, or clusters of companies that are in the process of developing their business and groups of companies that have large amounts of debt from year to year.
Capabilities of cellebrite universal forensics extraction device in mobile device forensics
Authors: Sutikno Tole , Busthomi Iqbal
Published: October 2024

The powerful digital forensics tool cellebrite universal forensics extraction device (UFED) extracts and analyzes mobile device data, helping investigators solve criminal and cybersecurity cases. Advanced methods and algorithms allow Cellebrite UFED to recover data from erased or obscured devices. Cellebrite UFED can pull data from call logs, texts, emails, and social media, providing valuable evidence for investigations. The use of smartphones and tablets in personal and professional settings has spurred the development of mobile device forensics. The intuitive user interface speeds up data extraction and analysis, revealing crucial information. It can decrypt encrypted data, recover deleted files, and extract data from multiple devices. The sector's best data extraction functionality, Cellebrite UFED, helps forensic analysts gather crucial evidence for investigations. Legal and ethical considerations are crucial in mobile device forensics. Legal considerations include allowing access to data, protecting privacy, and adhering to chain of custody protocols. Ethics include transparency, defamation, and information exploitation protection. Using Cellebrite UFED, researchers can navigate complex data on mobile devices more efficiently and precisely. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms may automate data extraction in future tools. Examiners must train, maintain, and establish clear protocols for using Cellebrite UFED in forensic investigations.