bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MHD Boundary Layer Flow of Carreau Fluid over a Convectively Heated Bidirectional Sheet with Non-Fourier Heat Flux and Variable Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Lu Dianchen , Mohammad Mutaz , Ramzan Muhammad , Bilal Muhammad , Howari Fares , Suleman Muhammad
Published: May 2019

In the present exploration, instead of the more customary parabolic Fourier law, we have adopted the hyperbolic Cattaneo–Christov (C–C) heat flux model to jump over the major hurdle of “parabolic energy equation”. The more realistic three-dimensional Carreau fluid flow analysis is conducted in attendance of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity. The other salient impacts affecting the considered model are the homogeneous-heterogeneous (h-h) reactions and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD). The boundary conditions supporting the problem are convective heat and of h-h reactions. The considered boundary layer problem is addressed via similarity transformations to obtain the system of coupled differential equations. The numerical solutions are attained by undertaking the MATLAB built-in function bvp4c. To comprehend the consequences of assorted parameters on involved distributions, different graphs are plotted and are accompanied by requisite discussions in the light of their physical significance. To substantiate the presented results, a comparison to the already conducted problem is also given. It is envisaged that there is a close correlation between the two results. This shows that dependable results are being submitted. It is noticed that h-h reactions depict an opposite behavior versus concentration profile. Moreover, the temperature of the fluid augments for higher values of thermal conductivity parameters.
Rampant Arch and Its Optimum Geometrical Generation
Authors: Velilla Cristina , Alcayde Alfredo , San-Antonio-Gómez Carlos , Montoya Francisco G. , Zavala Ignacio , Manzano-Agugliaro Francisco
Published: May 2019

Gothic art was developed in western Europe from the second half of the 12th century to the end of the 15th century. The most characteristic Gothic building is the cathedral. Gothic architecture uses well-carved stone ashlars, and its essential elements include the arch. The thrust is transferred by means of external arches (flying buttresses) to external buttresses that end in pinnacles, which accentuates the verticality. The evolution of the flying buttresses should not only be considered as an aesthetic consideration, but also from a constructive point of view as an element of transmission of forces or loads. Thus, one evolves from a beam-type buttress to a simple arch, and finally to a rampant arch. In this work, we study the geometry of the rampant arch to determine which is the optimum from the constructive point of view. The optimum rampant arch obtained is the one with the common tangent to the two arches parallel to the slope line. A computer program was created to determine this optimal rampant arch by means of a numerical or graphical input. It was applied to several well-known and representative cases of Gothic art in France (church of Saint Urbain de Troyes) and Spain (Cathedral of Palma de Mallorca), establishing if they were designs of optimal rampant arches or not.
Bovine Ephemeral Fever in Asia: Recent Status and Research Gaps
Authors: Lee Fan
Published: May 2019

Bovine ephemeral fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease affecting mainly domestic cattle and water buffalo. The etiological agent of this disease is bovine ephemeral fever virus, a member of the genus Ephemerovirus within the family Rhabdoviridae. Bovine ephemeral fever causes economic losses by a sudden drop in milk production in dairy cattle and loss of condition in beef cattle. Although mortality resulting from this disease is usually lower than 1%, it can reach 20% or even higher. Bovine ephemeral fever is distributed across many countries in Asia, Australia, the Middle East, and Africa. Prevention and control of the disease mainly relies on regular vaccination. The impact of bovine ephemeral fever on the cattle industry may be underestimated, and the introduction of bovine ephemeral fever into European countries is possible, similar to the spread of bluetongue virus and Schmallenberg virus. Research on bovine ephemeral fever remains limited and priority of investigation should be given to defining the biological vectors of this disease and identifying virulence determinants.
PEMANFAATAN SENSOR 3 AXIS GYROSCOPE PADA ROBOT SENI TARI BERBASIS RASPBERRY PI
Authors: M. IRWAN
Published: May 2019

Di indonesia ajang kontes robot sudah dilakukan pada setiap tahunnya baik tingkat regional dan tingkat nasional. Kontes Robot Indonesia atau KRI terdiri dari 4 divisi yaitu Kontes Robot ABU Indonesia (KRAI), Kontes Robot Pemadam Api (KRPAI),Kontes Robot Seni Tari Indonesia (KRSTI) dan Kontes Robot Sepak Bola Indonesia (KRSBI) Salah satu kategori yang ingin dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah kategori Kontes Robot Seni Tari Indonesia (KRSTI). Pada kategori ini, robot harus bisa bernavigasi untuk menari dengan tema yang telah ditentukan. Pada saat ini robot untuk bernavigasi masih tidak mengetahui posisi, sehingga pada saat bergerak robot tidak bisa menyeimbangkan badan sehingga robot mudah untuk terjatuh. Tujuan utama dari robot ini adalah bernavigasi dan menari mengikuti alunan musik musik sampai selesai. Salah satu solusi yang dapat membantu permasalahan pada keseimbangan robot seni tari adalah dengan cara memanfaatkan sensor gyroscope 3 axis sebagai keseimbangan robot, yang dapat membedakan mana posisi yang aman untuk bergerak sehingga tidak terjatuh. Sehingga robot bisa menari dan berjalan dengan baik dan mengurangi jatuh saat menari. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah robot humanoid dengan menggunakan motor servo sebagai penggerak dan menggunakan 1 buah sensor gyroscope untuk mendeteksi kemiringan pada robot. Semua sistem dapat bekerja sesuai dengan perintah atau instruksi dari raspberry pi. Robot seni tari untuk berjalan masih belum bisa lurus sampai tujuan, diharapkan dapat menambahkan sensor kompas dan diterapkan metode yang pengambil keputusan untuk menentukan setiap langkah dengan cepat
Delay of flowering in orchards
Authors: Szél János
Published: May 2019

The goal of my research was to find out how cooling sprays affect the onset of flowering and the microclimate int he fruit orchards.Frequent spraying (every 20 minutes) can keep the temperature of trees and buds lower.As a result the onset of flowering occured severaldays later in the sprayed trees. It was proven that cooling sprays are suitable for delaying the onset of flowering under the domestic climatic conditions. This procedure can significantly mitigate the risk of frost damage and can improve crop safety.
The influence of original acquisition on existing rights in rem of third parties
Authors: Andorkó Imre , Kiss Csongor Gábor
Published: May 2019

In this lecture we will give an overview about the aspects and traditions of distinction between original and derivative getting modes.We will examine which of the getting modes can be looked at as „obviously” original and review how they affect the third party’s rights existing on property. This study makes it possible to explore the analyzed original getting modes common characteristics and to review the dogmatic and law political aspects regarding the getting modes regulations.
Correlations of the global, regional and local factors of the anthropogenic effects on the water reserves of the Earth’s crust
Authors: Nagy Sándor , Verdó György
Published: May 2019

The decrease in Earth's drinking water resources and the degradation of its quality has become a critical problem. Our planet's total water supply is estimated to be around 2 billion km3s. This is only 1% of Earth's own weight. Of this small amount only a tiny 3% is fresh water, of which 79% is forzen in glaciers and 1% is present as surface waters.The ratio of water stored in soil is around 20%. This is 0.2% of the total water supply. Our study aims to summarize the layered groundwater aquifer systems and its changes which are the results of anthropogenic effects in both global and hungarian respects and also for the region of Debrecen.In particular with regard to the geological and ecological level where irreversibleprocesses take place. All this is discussed in the context of cause and effect. Pointing out the dangers of excessive deep groundwater extraction and the contamination caused by toxic substances that are the byproducts of modern life. In addition we discuss the Water Directive of the European Union which gives a policy for community action concerning the goal to achive the status of „in good condition” for our waters till 2015.
Inside-Out 3D Reversible Ion-Triggered Shape-Morphing Hydrogels
Authors: Du X. , Cui H. , Zhao Q. , Wang J. , Chen H. , Wang Y.
Published: May 2019

Shape morphing is a critical aptitude for the survival of organisms and is determined by anisotropic tissue composition and directional orientation of micro- and nanostructures within cell walls, resulting in different swelling behaviors. Recent efforts have been dedicated to mimicking the behaviors that nature has perfected over billions of years. We present a robust strategy for preparing 3D periodically patterned single-component sodium alginate hydrogel sheets cross-linked with Ca
2+
ions, which can reversibly deform and be retained into various desirable inside-out shapes as triggered by biocompatible ions (Na
+
/Ca
2+
). By changing the orientations of the patterned microchannels or triggering with Na
+
/Ca
2+
ions, various 3D twisting, tubular, and plant-inspired architectures can be facilely programmed. Not only can the transformation recover their initial shapes reversibly, but also it can keep the designated shapes without continuous stimuli. These inside-out 3D reversible ion-triggered hydrogel transformations shall inspire more attractive applications in tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and soft robotics fields.
Single-End Adaptive Optics Compensation for Emulated Turbulence in a Bi-Directional 10-Mbit/s per Channel Free-Space Quantum Communication Link Using Orbital-Angular-Momentum Encoding
Authors: Liu Cong , Pang Kai , Zhao Zhe , Liao Peicheng , Zhang Runzhou , Song Haoqian , Cao Yinwen , Du Jing , Li Long , Song Hao , Ren Yongxiong , Xie Guodong , Zhao Yifan , Zhao Jiapeng , Rafsanjani Seyed M. H. , Willner Ari N. , Shapiro Jeffrey H. , Boyd Robert W. , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E.
Published: May 2019

A single-end adaptive-optics (AO) module is experimentally demonstrated to mitigate the emulated atmospheric turbulence effects in a bi-directional quantum communication link, which employs orbital angular momentum (OAM) for data encoding. A classical Gaussian beam is used as a probe to detect the turbulence-induced wavefront distortion in the forward direction of the link. Based on the detected wavefront distortion, an AO system located on one end of the link is used to simultaneously compensate for the forward and backward channels. Specifically, with emulated turbulence and when the probe is turned on, the mode purity of photons carrying OAM

l
=
1

is improved by ~ 21 % with AO mitigation. We also measured the performance when encoding data using OAM

{
l
=
-
1
,

+
2
}

and

{
l
=
-
2
,

+
1
}

in the forward and backward channels, respectively, at 10 Mbit/s per channel with one photon per pulse on average. For this case, we found that the AO system could reduce the turbulence effects increased quantum-symbol-error-rate (QSER) by ~ 76 % and ~ 74 %, for both channels in the uni-directional and bi-directional cases, respectively. Similar QSER improvement is observed for the opposite direction channels in the bi-directional case.
Perovskite Solar Cells Yielding Reproducible Photovoltage of 1.20 V
Authors: Alharbi Essa A. , Dar M. Ibrahim , Arora Neha , Alotaibi Mohammad Hayal , Alzhrani Yahya A. , Yadav Pankaj , Tress Wolfgang , Alyamani Ahmed , Albadri Abdulrahman , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Grätzel Michael
Published: May 2019

High photovoltages and power conversion efficiencies of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be realized by controlling the undesired nonradiative charge carrier recombination. Here, we introduce a judicious amount of guanidinium iodide into mixed-cation and mixed-halide perovskite films to suppress the parasitic charge carrier recombination, which enabled the fabrication of >20% efficient and operationally stable PSCs yielding reproducible photovoltage as high as 1.20 V. By introducing guanidinium iodide into the perovskite precursor solution, the bandgap of the resulting absorber material changed minimally; however, the nonradiative recombination diminished considerably as revealed by time-resolved photoluminescence and electroluminescence studies. Furthermore, using capacitance-frequency measurements, we were able to correlate the hysteresis features exhibited by the PSCs with interfacial charge accumulation. This study opens up a path to realize new record efficiencies for PSCs based on guanidinium iodide doped perovskite films.
Tejido adiposo: ¿simple reservorio energético?
Authors: Mora Campos Julio Gerardo , Bastos Soto Natalia
Published: May 2019

La obesidad y el sobrepeso constituyen un problema de salud que ocasiona daños en el organismo, afectando la esperanza y calidad de vida de quienes la padecen.Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica orientada a los diferentes compuestos biológicos sintetizados en el tejido adiposo, denominados adipocinas, detallando las funciones de las principales sustancias que inciden en la prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, como la diabetes mellitus 2 y el síndrome metabólico.
MEMBANGUN JARINGAN INTERNET BERBASIS LOCAL AREA NETWORK DAN HOTSPOT WiFi PADA SMA NEGERI 1 LABUAPI
Authors: Ilyas Fadhillah Hasbi , Samsumar Lalu Delsi
Published: May 2019

Perkembangan jaringan komputer saat ini sangat pesat dan populer, sehingga jaringan komputer sering digunakan untuk berhubungan dalam suatu gedung, kantor, rumah,warnet bahkan antar gedung. Dengan menggunakan berbagai topologi yang ada, bisa diterapkan untuk  membangun   instalasi   jaringan,   membuat   jaringan komputer begitu lengkap sebagai suatu mekanisme dari jaringan. Namun jaringan komputer itu sendiri terbatas pada satu daerah, di mana jaringan itu berada sehingga terkadang terdapat suatu jaringan yang amat sangat luas atau sebaliknya jaringan yang sangat kecil, sehingga dibutuhkan suatu alat untuk mengatur lalu lintas data antar jaringan tersebut. Komputer-komputer yang dilengkapi dengan sarana pendukung jaringan Local Area Network (LAN) pada suatu instansi, memberikan kemudahan bagi para pegawainya dalam beraktivitas kerja yang menuntut efisiensi dan efektifitas dalam segala hal dengan memanfaatkan jaringan Local Area Network (LAN). Sharing data yang pada masa lalu sangat merepotkan dan memakan banyak waktu, sekarang semua itumenjadi cepat dan tepat, sehingga kinerja para pegawai pun semakin meningkat dan maksimal. Disamping hal tersebut, media wireless merupakan media yang paling banyak digunakan dalam komunikasi saat ini. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) dalam buku CISCO CCNP dan Jaringan Komputer dijelaskan bahwa WLAN berfungsi untuk menjangkau wilayah LAN yang sulit dicapai dengan kabel dan juga untuk menjangkau pengguna bergerak (mobile user). Kelebihan teknologi ini adalah mengeliminasi penggunaan kabel, yang bisa cukup mengganggu secara estetika, dan juga kerumitan instalasi untuk menghubungkan lebih dari dua komputer bersamaan. Dalam komunikasi wireless terdapat kelebihan yaitu mobilitas yang tinggi namun juga memiliki kelemahan, yaitu kemungkinan interferensi terhadap sesama hubungan nirkabel pada komputer lainnya. Dari dinamika tersebut, maka SMAN 1 Labuapi membutuhkan sebuah jaringan komputer yang mampu memberikan kemudahan dalam akses data dan informasi yang nantinya akan digunakan oleh para guru dan siswa sebagai sarana untuk tata kelola administrasi dan proses belajar mengajar.
Analisis Manipulasi Splicing pada Citra Digital Menggunakan Metode Deteksi Tepi Block JPEG Terkompresi
Authors: Efendi Muhamad Masjun , Fadli Sofiansyah Fadli , Wathan M. Hizbul Wathan Hizbul
Published: May 2019

Citra digital semakin mudah untuk dimanipulasi dan diedit. Sering kali sebelum citra tersebut dipublikasi dilakukan proses manipulasi. Salah satu bentuk manipulasi citra adalah splicing. Manipulasi ini dilakukan dengan menduplikasi bagian tertentu dari satu citra atau lebih dan meletakkannya pada bagian tertentu di citra target (copy-move pada citra yang berbeda). Tujuan dari manipulasi splicing ini adalah untuk menambah objek dalam citra, contohnya meletakkan suatu objek pada citra target yang seolah-olah objek tersebut berada disana.Pada penelitian ini manipulasi citra jenis ini dideteksi menggunakan metode deteksi tepi block JPEG terkompresi. Metode ini mampu mendeteksi objek citra yang dimanipulasi dengan baik dan akurat
Penerapan Teknik Data Mining untuk Clustering Armada pada PT. Siaga Transport Indonesia Menggunakan Metode k-Means
Authors: Hikmah Nuzul , Ariyanti Dyah , Sugesti Melista
Published: May 2019

PT. Siaga  Transport Indonesia adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang expedisi. Armada menjadi aset penting untuk perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang ini. Beratnya muatan yang diangkut, jauhnya jarak yang ditempuh, dan usia armada menjadi faktor penyebab kerusakan armada. Hal ini berpengaruh terhadap potensi armada. Untuk itu diperlukan analysis clustering menggunakan metode k-means untuk mengetahui armada yang potensial dan yang kurang potensial. Clustering merupakan teknik pengelompokkan objek yang didasarkan pada kemiripan antar objek dalam satu cluster. K-means merupakan metode clustering yang mempunyai kemampuan mengelompokkan data dalam jumlah cukup besar dengan waktu komputasi yang relatif cepat dan efisien. Dalam penelitian ini sistem akan mengelompokkan 33 armada dengan menggunakan variabel biaya operasional, tahun kendaraan, produktivitas armada dan kilometer armada menjadi 3 kelompok dengan kategori cluster armada berpotensi rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Dari hasil akhir sistem diketahui cluster 1 atau armada dengan potensi rendah ada 7 armada, cluster 2 atau armada dengan potensi sedang ada 14 armada, cluster 3 atau armada dengan potensi tinggi ada 12 armada. Pengujian dilakukan dengan metode silhouette coefficient dengan rentang variasi nilai yang dihasilkan yaitu dibawah nol sampai dengan 0,9.
SISTEM INFORMASI PRESENSI PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR KELURAHAN BUGIS SUMBAWA BESAR
Authors: Yani Ahmad , Hafsah - , Marlinda Linda
Published: May 2019

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi informasi dari waktu kewaktu mengalami perkembang dan kemajuan disegala aspek kehidupan manusia, baik dalam lembaga pendidikan, pemerintahan bahkan dalam dunia industri. Penggunaan teknologi informasi sangat penting sekali dalam menunjang dan membantu proses pengambilan keputusan yang cepat, tepat dan akurat, khuusnya dalam hal pengolahan data kehadiran pegawai yang selama ini banyak mengalami kendala. Untuk itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi dan sumber daya manusia yang memadai dan dapat membantu permaslahan presensi pegawai pada kantor kelurahan bugis sumbawa besar. Kata kunci:   sistem informasi, sumber daya manusia, presensi pegawai, pengolahan data.
Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Towards a public policy of justiciability
Authors: Cruz Rueda Elisa
Published: May 2019

It reflects on how in the Mexican case the economic, social and cultural rights (ESCR) have been legally recognized, but in fact they present significant setbacks, especially in the right to be consulted or the right to consultation set forth in the International Labour Organization’s Convention 169. This international legal instrument has served as a rebellious argument of the peoples and communities (especially indigenous) to the attempts to affect their territories with infrastructure projects, affecting them directly or indirectly. In this sense, we propose the Consultation as the opportunity space for the construction of a new Relationship of the State with its citizens, with the indigenous and Mexican society in general, as indicated in the San Andrés Accords of 1996, subscribed between the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN) and the federal and state governments of Chiapas.
Law and Globalization
Authors: Acosta Garcia Monica Natalia
Published: May 2019

This paper focuses on the link between Transitional Justice (TJ) and Indigenous Peoples in Colombia. The aim is to identify and discuss how Organización Nacional Indígena de Colombia (ONIC) has used and appropriated the Transitional Justice in Colombia during the past 10 years. Thus, the main argument is the Colombian TJ, which is a social process of interactions involving diverse types of agents and multiple levels of law. This implies that Indigenous Peoples have engaged in a TJ from below through multi-sited uses of the discourse. This case study is analysed through a socio-legal and the sociology of social movements approach that articulates Law and globalization perspectives and, the diffusion and uses of law. The action-research perspective, the qualitative approach of ethnography and the methods of non-participant observation and in-depth interviews of some activists and social actors are used. In addition, qualitative content analysis of laws, policy papers, NGOs and indigenous organizations reports.
.Judicial reproduction and legal culture
Authors: Bárcena Arévalo Erika
Published: May 2019

Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this article explores the system for appointing staff working for the justices of the Mexican Supreme Court of Justice, particularly its clerks, and analyzes it as the origin of a mechanism that ensures judicial reproduction understood as the reproduction of a certain legal culture. The hypothesis is that this system of appointment, based on “trust”, involves a pedagogical process through which clerks learn to reproduce the juridical culture of the ministers for whom they work, and which is crossed by a set of positions and an economy of the relational capital of clerks that determines who can only reproduce these ideas, and who can express their opinions or even make direct proposals to the justices.
Narratives from the margins of the state: resisting the politics of exceptionality in the Comuna 13
Authors: Rojas-Páez Gustavo
Published: May 2019

This article questions the implementation of the “state of exception” in marginal urban areas of Colombia. In so doing, it takes as a case study the military operations carried out in 2002, in Comuna 13, an urban district of Medellín. More than a decade after these military operations, communities whose lives were significantly affected by the operations have denounced the commission of an important number of human rights violations in the Comuna. These human rights violations, which include inter-urban displacements and Enforced Disappearances (ED) occurred after the so-called securitisation of the neighbourhood and challenge the notion of security that underpins “state of exception” policies. The overall aim of the article is to highlight the importance of the narratives of resistance that contest the implementation of state of exception policies. These narratives urge us to think beyond the “friend or foe” logic that has justified military interventions of past decades in urban areas of the Global South.
Reseña: Proceso penal desde la historia. Desde su origen hasta la sociedad global del miedo
Authors: Ordeñana Gezuraga Ixusko
Published: May 2019

Reseña: Silvia Barona Vilar. Proceso penal desde la historia. Desde su origen hasta la sociedad global del miedo. Valencia: Tirant lo Blanch, 2017. 9788491692812 (rústica) 42,66€, (libro electrónico) 27,00€.Book review: Silvia Barona Vilar. Proceso penal desde la historia. Desde su origen hasta la sociedad global del miedo. Valencia, Spain: Tirant lo Blanch, 2017. 9788491692812 (Pb) 42.66€, (e-book) 27.00€.Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-0978
Political Coexistence in the Basque Case
Authors: Vázquez Guevara Valeria
Published: May 2019

After more than forty years of violent conflict, ETA announced in 2011 the definitive cessation of armed activity in the Basque Country and Spain. The announcement raised questions about how to address the violent legacy of the past in a society characterized by pluralism with a history of opposed political sensibilities, and simultaneously, work towards peaceful coexistence. This article examines how the institutional action of, and in, the Basque regional Government and Parliament shaped ‘political coexistence’ between 2011 and 2015. It uses a content/discourse analysis of three institutional initiatives: Working Group for Peace and Coexistence, Ethical Minimum Agreement, and Plan for Peace and Coexistence. These initiatives formed an institutional framework that opened a small but meaningful public space in Basque political institutions and discourse. The article shows how ‘political coexistence’ within Basque institutions is informed by political parties and groups’ experiences, perspectives and positions on violence, pluralism, and agreement/consensus.
Law, Crime, Morals, and Sense of Justice in Treasure Island
Authors: Nabaskues Iker
Published: May 2019

The aim of this article is to examine the legal, ethical and moral complications shown in Robert Louis Stevenson´s masterpiece, Treasure Island and the short story The Persons of the Tale. At first glance the romance is associated with ethical Manichaeism and puerility. Nothing could be further from the truth. The sympathy towards the criminals and the dislike towards the representatives of the order, betrayal and loyalty, rigor of the legal system and personal gain... All of them are characteristic features of the novel. This analysis shows a shifting moral landscape where the characters of the plot make ethical choice out of the moral and social conventions of society. Of particular interest is the reflection about the function of the representatives of the legal order in the novel. There are not legal institutions on the island. But we are reminded of the presence of the rule of law at all times. Stevenson uses this particular scenario to express a special and suggestive moral code where ambiguity, paradox and contradiction are the dominant pattern. Loyal to his legal and moral roots of Scottish Enlightenment as well as to an Aristotelian framework, Stevenson shows the connection between morals and action.
Sponsorship: a form of prostitution or a form of traditional gender relations?
Authors: Fuszara Malgorzata
Published: May 2019

This chapter reviews data from earlier empirical research to consider the boundaries between the social position of women as indicated by their personal, family and sexual relationship. The monogamous or “good” woman has long been distinguished from the women who profit from sexual relationships often labelled as “prostitutes”. But there are new groups emerging at the borderlines of sexwork, in particular “sponsoring” whereby a man may provide a woman with full financial security in return not only for sex but for companionship in various activities related to work or entertainment. This paper asks how this role is perceived, as it includes elements of traditional marriage as well as traditional sexwork.
Institutionalized Hypocrisy
Authors: Kurczewski Jacek
Published: May 2019

This paper draws on analysis by social historians ranging from the late Middle Ages and Renaissance in France to recent administrative history in Poland to illustrate basic contradictions in Western thought about sexuality. These have resulted over time in policies which range from prohibition of sex work to tolerance of the need to meet physical needs accompanied by an appreciation of the financial profits to be obtained by the state as well as the individual, combined with abhorrence of female adultery. The paper closes with original data on current public attitudes towards the impact on reputation of a range of behaviours in Poland, including sexual activities, and finds a high level of agreement about the damaging impact on reputation of not sexwork itself but of living off the proceeds of sexwork.
Feminist Judging in the 'Real World'
Authors: Hunter Rosemary
Published: May 2019

The various feminist judgment projects (FJPs) have explored through the imagined rewriting of judgments a range of ways in which a feminist perspective may be applied to the practice of judging. But how do these imagined judgments compare to what actual feminist judges do? This article presents the results of the author’s empirical research to date on ‘real world’ feminist judging. Drawing on case study and interview data it explores the how, when and where of feminist judging, that is, the feminist resources, tools and techniques judges have drawn upon, the stages in the hearing and decision-making process at which these resources, tools and techniques have been deployed, and the areas of law in which they have been applied. The article goes on to consider observed and potential limits on feminist judicial practice, before drawing conclusions about the comparison between ‘real world’ feminist judging and the practices of FJPs.
Stereo- and regioselective hydroboration of 1-exo-methylene pyranoses: discovery of aryltriazolylmethyl C-galactopyranosides as selective galectin-1 inhibitors
Authors: Dahlqvist Alexander , Furevi Axel , Warlin Niklas , Leffler Hakon , Nilsson Ulf J
Published: May 2019

Galectins are carbohydrate recognition proteins that bind carbohydrates containing galactose and are involved in cell signaling and cellular interactions, involving them in several diseases. We present the synthesis of (aryltriazolyl)methyl galactopyranoside galectin inhibitors using a highly diastereoselective hydroboration of C1-exo-methylene pyranosides giving inhibitors with fourfold or better selectivity for galectin-1 over galectin-3, -4C (C-terminal CRD), -4N (N-terminal CRD), -7, -8C, -8N, -9C, and -9N and dissociation constants down to 170 µM.
The role of tacit knowledge in the formation and continuation of architectural patterns case study: garden-houses of Meybud, Iran
Authors: Danaeinia Ahmad Danaeinia , Hodaei Masoud
Published: May 2019

Human has a dimension of knowledge named the tacit knowledge that the main important part of it is obtained through experience and direct connection with phenomena over time that turns into a pattern. Based on knowledge and intelligent use of it, the garden-house pattern appears to have an unbreakable bond with the nature and the understanding of both social and cultural rules of users. The research questions at first place discuss the role of tacit knowledge in shaping the architecture of garden-houses of Meybud and how this knowledge has appeared in architecture of garden-houses of Meybud. Qualitative research method and data collection method relies on library studies and field research. The results indicate that the patterns of housing in Meybud have shaped based on the recognition of two components of environment (the climate and natural context) and human (social norms), understanding of these two and applying them. The tacit knowledge and reliance on experiences is very influential and the garden-house pattern is institutionalized as the most sustainable pattern of architecture.
X-Ray Photons in the CO 2–1 “Lacuna” of NGC 2110
Authors: Fabbiano G. , Paggi A. , Elvis M.
Published: May 2019

A recent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array study of the Seyfert 2 active galactic nucleus (AGN) NGC 2110 by Rosario et al. has reported a remarkable lack of CO 2–1 emission from the circumnuclear region, where optical lines and H2 emission are observed, leading to the suggestion of excitation of the molecular clouds by the AGN. As interaction with X-ray photons could be the cause of this excitation, we have searched the archival Chandra data for corroborating evidence. We report the discovery of an extra-nuclear ∼1″ (∼170 pc) feature in the soft (<1.0 keV) Chandra data. This feature is elongated to the north of the nucleus and its shape matches well that of the optical lines and H2 emission in this region, which is devoid of CO 2–1 emission. The Chandra image completes the emerging picture of a multiphase circumnuclear medium excited by the X-rays from the AGN, with dense warm molecular clouds emitting in H2 but depleted of CO 2–1 line emission.
A new record of Ganoderma tropicum (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) for Thailand and first assessment of optimum conditions for mycelia production
Authors: Luangharn Thatsanee , Karunarathna Samantha C. , Mortimer Peter E. , Hyde Kevin D. , Thongklang Naritsada , Xu Jianchu
Published: May 2019

In this study a new record ofGanodermatropicumis described as from Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. The fruiting body was collected on the base of a livingDipterocarpustree. The sample is described on the basis of morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, and compared with closely related taxa. Multigene phylogenetic analyses of LSU, ITS, and RPB2 highly support the placement of theG.tropicumgroup with isolates from China and Taiwan (Maximum likelihood 100%, Maximum parsimony 100%, and Bayesian posterior probabilities 1.00). The optimal media, pH, and temperature for mycelial growth of theG.tropicumstrain KUMCC18-0046 was also investigated and is reported as: PDA, MEA, and YPD, at pH 7–8 and 25–28 °C, respectively. This is the first report on the successful growing conditions for mycelial production, but unfortunately fruiting could not be achieved.
Low detectability of alien reptiles can lead to biosecurity management failure: a case study from Christmas Island (Australia)
Authors: García-Díaz Pablo , Ross Joshua V. , Vall-llosera Miquel , Cassey Phillip
Published: May 2019

When we assume that contemporary management actions will be effective against the global rise of emerging alien species, we can develop management complacency, which leads to potentially disastrous outcomes for native biodiversity. Here, we propose the use of the probability of detection as a metric to assess the feasibility of management actions for alien species. We explore how detectability can influence the management of alien reptiles, a group of emergent alien vertebrates globally. We use a Rapid Biological Assessment method (time-limited transects) to estimate the probability of detection for alien reptiles present on Christmas Island (Australia). Across the five species studied, we found low probabilities of detection and poor explanatory capacity of the individual covariates included in our models. These findings indicate that management options to deal with alien reptiles are limited due to the potential high cost and low efficacy associated with low probabilities of detection. Strict preventive strategies, firmly espousing the principles of adaptiveness and precautionary policies, combined with early detection and biosecurity response activities are needed to address the emergence of alien reptiles. Our research was focussed on alien reptiles on islands, but the rise of new pools of alien species from all taxonomic realms across the world suggests that our conclusions may be applicable more generally. Further research is called for to explore the applicability of our conclusions and recommendations to other taxonomic groups and regions of the world.
Evaluation of Traditional Classroom Teaching Methods Versus Course Delivery Via the World Wide Web
Authors: Ryan Marilyn , Carlton Kay Hodson , Ali Nagia S
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT

Higher education is moving with deliberate speed to an electronic classroom. Much has been published on faculty experiences with World Wide Web (WWW) course delivery. However, little research exists on the evaluation of these methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate students' perceptions of two approaches to teaching: classroom and WWW modules. Classroom methods were rated significantly higher in relation to content, interaction, participation, faculty preparation, and communication. Technical skills were rated higher for WWW modules. Critical thinking and time allotted for assignments were not significantly different between classroom and WWW instruction. Open-ended comments were rich and supported both positive and negative aspects of classroom and WWW-based modules. Implications call for creativity in course development, course redesign and orientation, active communication with students, support for technical problems, faculty development, and university-wide planning through partnerships.
Etiology of Eyelid Retraction in Children: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Stout Ann U , Borchert Mark
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT

Eyelid retraction in an adult occurs usually secondary to Graves' ophthalmopathy, but in children the diagnosis is often obscure. To our knowledge, there are no reports reviewing the relative frequency of the various etiologies of eyelid retraction in children. We reviewed the records of our Pediatric Service from 1976 to 1991 and identified 16 children with eyelid retraction. The eyelid retractions were unilateral in 11 cases and bilateral in five cases, and were the result of five different identifiable causes. Unilateral eyelid retraction was associated with congenital aberrant innervation of the third nerve (3), levator fibrosis (2), hemangioma (1), hyperthyroidism (1), craniosynostosis (1) and Down syndrome (1). Bilateral eyelid retraction was associated with either hyperthyroidism (2) or bilateral optic nerve anomalies with vertical nystagmus (2).

Seven of our 11 patients with unilateral retraction had an identifiable etiology, and the remaining four patients had incomplete evaluations. Imaging studies were diagnostic in four of nine patients so studied. Based on our findings, we recommend thyroid studies in all patients with eyelid retraction without aberrant innervation, and neuroimaging if thyroid function is normal.
The Clinical Relationship of Anterior Capsular Tears and Vertical Spacing in the Femtosecond Laser Capsulotomy Procedure
Authors: Scott Wendell J. , Tauber Shachar , Eck Craig D. , Scott Rachel A. , Ohly Johann
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the frequency of anterior capsule tears and capsule edge irregularities in femtosecond laser anterior capsulotomy, including the effect of optimized vertical spacing settings.

METHODS:

Three thousand eight hundred thirty-four cases were examined and grouped according to the femtosecond laser capsulotomy settings using manufacturer default settings with a vertical spacing of 10, 15, and 20 µm. Capsulotomy edge irregularities and anterior capsule tears were recorded intraoperatively.

RESULTS:

The anterior capsule tear rates for the 10, 15, and 20 µm groups were 0.79%, 0.35%, and 0.09%, respectively. The capsule edge irregularity rates for the 10, 15, and 20 µm groups were 6.25%, 1.13%, and 1.15%, respectively. The treatment times for the 10, 15, and 20 µm groups were 1.6, 0.7, and 0.8 second, respectively. The risk reduction of anterior capsule tears positively correlated with the 15 and 20 µm group settings. The anterior capsule tear rate difference between the 10 and 20 µm group settings was statistically significant. Capsule edge irregularity rates were reduced in the 15 and 20 µm group settings. Eye movement was monitored in the 20 µm group and was observed in 9 of 13 patients with capsule edge irregularities.

CONCLUSIONS:

Anterior capsule tear rates are low with femtosecond laser cataract surgery. The rate can be further reduced with optimization of the settings, including an increase in vertical spacing.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2019;35(5):280–284.]
Optimal unemployment insurance with monitoring
Authors: Setty Ofer
Published: May 2019

I model job‐search monitoring in the optimal unemployment insurance framework, in which job‐search effort is the worker's private information. In the model, monitoring provides costly information upon which the government conditions unemployment benefits. Using a simple one‐period model with two effort levels, I show analytically that the monitoring precision increases and the utility spread decreases if and only if the inverse of the worker's utility in consumption has a convex derivative. The quantitative analysis that follows extends the model by allowing a continuous effort and separations from employment. That analysis highlights two conflicting economic forces affecting the optimal precision of monitoring with respect to the generosity of the welfare system: higher promised utility is associated not only with a higher cost of moral hazard, but also with lower effort and lower value of employment. The result is an inverse U‐shaped precision profile with respect to promised utility.
Identification of a nonseparable model under endogeneity using binary proxies for unobserved heterogeneity
Authors: Williams Benjamin
Published: May 2019

In this paper, I study identification of a nonseparable model with endogeneity arising due to unobserved heterogeneity. Identification relies on the availability of binary proxies that can be used to control for the unobserved heterogeneity. I show that the model is identified in the limit as the number of proxies increases. The argument does not require an instrumental variable that is excluded from the outcome equation nor does it require the support of the unobserved heterogeneity to be finite. I then propose a nonparametric estimator that is consistent as the number of proxies increases with the sample size. I also show that, for a fixed number of proxies, nontrivial bounds on objects of interest can be obtained. Finally, I study two real data applications that illustrate computation of the bounds and estimation with a large number of items.
Smoganica – a Cave Developed in Upper Cretaceous Breccia
Authors: Knez Martin , Slabe Tadej , Šebela Stanka
Published: May 2019

Na planoti Banjšice (SZ Slovenija) je najdaljša izvirna jama Smoganica, dolga 492 m. Jama (na nadmorski višini 505 m) leži na jugozahodnem pobočju Čukle (770 m) vzhodno od reke Soče (153 m nad morjem). Smoganica se je razvila v apnenčevi breči, ki je tu debela 10 m in je del zgornjekrednih flišnih plasti. V okolici jame so zeleni laporji kot vključki v breči ali pa je breča vključena v plasti zelenega laporja. Klasti v debelozrnati breči, v kateri je tudi jama, merijo od nekaj cm do več dm v premeru. Klasti večinoma izvirajo iz mlajših rudistnih apnencev, spodnje in zgornje krede ter jurskih mikritnih in oolitnih apnencev. Jama Smoganica leži okrog 2 km južno od Idrijskega preloma in okrog 200 m severno od Kobariškega preloma. V jami zasledimo dve glavni razpoklinski smeri: N30-45°E in N120-135°E. Smoganica se je oblikovala kot sistem manjših rovov, ki so se razvili znotraj breče v vseh smereh. Jama je nastala v freatičnih razmerah. Kasneje je bila v celoti zapolnjena s sedimenti, nad katerimi so nastale nadsedimentne skalne oblike. Sedimenti so bili nato iz jame odnešeni. Današnji vodni tok oblikuje dno jamskih rovov. Višje vode oblikujejo fasete in draslje, nižje pa talne žlebove. Jamo lahko opredelimo kot poligenetsko, saj je njene dele že povsem preoblikovala voda, ki prenika s površja in polzi po jamskih stenah. On the Banjšice plateau (NW Slovenia) the longest spring cave is 492 m long Smoganica. The cave (505 m above sea level) is situated on the SW slope of Čukla (770 m) E from the Soča river (153 m above the sea level). Smoganica is developed in limestone breccia, which is 10 m thick and belongs to the Upper Cretaceous flyschrocks. On the territory around the cave, the green marls are included in breccias or breccias are included into the green marls. Clasts in coarse-grained breccia, in which the cave is located, vary from some cm to several dm in diameter. Clasts are mostly deriving from younger rudist limestones, Lower and Upper Cretaceous and Jurassic micritic and oolitic limestones. Smoganica is situated about 2 km south from Idrija fault and about 200 m north from Kobarid fault. There are two principal fissure orientations in the cave, N30-45ºE and N120-135ºE. Smoganica was formed from the system of smaller passages that have been developed inside the breccia in 3D. The cave was formed in phreatic conditions, later it was completely filled with cave sediments.In the next stagethe above-sediment rock forms were developed. Cave sediments were later removed from the cave. Today the active water stream is cutting rock forms in the bottom of the cave passages. Higher water quantities are forming scallops and potholes and lower quantities floorchannels. Smoganica can be described as polygenetic cave because the percolating water is reshaping the passages.
Quand l’enquêté mène l’enquête
Authors: Bertho Elara
Published: May 2019

Ce texte analyse l’écriture de l’histoire en Haute-Guinée à partir de la figure de Djiguiba Camara, écrivain polygraphe ayant rédigé une « Histoire locale » en 1955. Cet écrivain fut également un informateur de l’historien français Yves Person et il entretint des rapports houleux avec lui, la famille Camara dénonçant aujourd’hui un « vol de texte ». Il ne s’agira pas de prendre parti entre ces mémoires divergentes, mais bien plutôt d’analyser la place de l’enquêteur en sciences humaines, son souvenir et les mises en scène de soi des enquêtés qui décident de mener eux-mêmes l’enquête.
SIDT1 Localizes to Endolysosomes and Mediates Double-Stranded RNA Transport into the Cytoplasm
Authors: Nguyen Tan A. , Smith Blake R. C. , Elgass Kirstin D. , Creed Sarah J. , Cheung Shane , Tate Michelle D. , Belz Gabrielle T. , Wicks Ian P. , Masters Seth L. , Pang Ken C.
Published: May 2019

dsRNA is a common by-product of viral replication and acts as a potent trigger of antiviral immunity. SIDT1 and SIDT2 are closely related members of the SID-1 transmembrane family. SIDT2 functions as a dsRNA transporter and is required to traffic internalized dsRNA from endocytic compartments into the cytosol for innate immune activation, but the role of SIDT1 in dsRNA transport and in the innate immune response to viral infection is unclear. In this study, we show that Sidt1 expression is upregulated in response to dsRNA and type I IFN exposure and that SIDT1 interacts with SIDT2. Moreover, similar to SIDT2, SIDT1 localizes to the endolysosomal compartment, interacts with the long dsRNA analog poly(I:C), and, when overexpressed, enhances endosomal escape of poly(I:C) in vitro. To elucidate the role of SIDT1 in vivo, we generated SIDT1-deficient mice. Similar to Sidt2−/− mice, SIDT1-deficient mice produced significantly less type I IFN following infection with HSV type 1. In contrast to Sidt2−/− mice, however, SIDT1-deficient animals showed no impairment in survival postinfection with either HSV type 1 or encephalomyocarditis virus. Consistent with this, we observed that, unlike SIDT2, tissue expression of SIDT1 was relatively restricted, suggesting that, whereas SIDT1 can transport extracellular dsRNA into the cytoplasm following endocytosis in vitro, the transport activity of SIDT2 is likely to be functionally dominant in vivo.
Prostaglandin E2 Inhibits the Ability of Neutrophils to Kill Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Pitts Michelle G. , D’Orazio Sarah E. F.
Published: May 2019

PGE2 is a lipid-signaling molecule with complex roles in both homeostasis and inflammation. Depending on the cellular context, PGE2 may also suppress certain immune responses. In this study, we tested whether PGE2 could inhibit bacterial killing by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) using a mouse model of foodborne listeriosis. We found that PGE2 pretreatment decreased the ability of PMN harvested from the bone marrow of either BALB/cByJ or C57BL/6J mice to kill Listeria monocytogenes in vitro. PGE2 treatment slowed the migration of PMN toward the chemoattractant leukotriene B4, decreased uptake of L. monocytogenes by PMN, and inhibited the respiratory burst of PMN compared with vehicle-treated cells. When immune cells were isolated from the livers of infected mice and tested directly ex vivo for the presence of PGE2, BALB/cByJ cells produced significantly more than C57BL/6J cells. Together, these data suggest that robust PGE2 production can suppress PMN effector functions, leading to decreased bacterial killing, which may contribute to the innate susceptibility of BALB/cByJ mice to infection with the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen L. monocytogenes.
Challenges facing physiotherapy education
Authors: Eksteen Carina
Published: May 2019

No abstract available.