bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A single mutation in Taiwanese H6N1 influenza hemagglutinin switches binding to human‐type receptors
Authors: de Vries Robert P , Tzarum Netanel , Peng Wenjie , Thompson Andrew J , Ambepitiya Wickramasinghe Iresha N , de la Pena Alba T Torrents , van Breemen Marielle J , Bouwman Kim M , Zhu Xueyong , McBride Ryan , Yu Wenli , Sanders Rogier W , Verheije Monique H , Wilson Ian A , Paulson James C
Published: July 2017

In June 2013, the first case of human infection with an avian H6N1 virus was reported in a Taiwanese woman. Although this was a single non‐fatal case, the virus continues to circulate in Taiwanese poultry. As with any emerging avian virus that infects humans, there is concern that acquisition of human‐type receptor specificity could enable transmission in the human population. Despite mutations in the receptor‐binding pocket of the human H6N1 isolate, it has retained avian‐type (NeuAcα2‐3Gal) receptor specificity. However, we show here that a single nucleotide substitution, resulting in a change from Gly to Asp at position 225 (G225D), completely switches specificity to human‐type (NeuAcα2‐6Gal) receptors. Significantly, G225D H6 loses binding to chicken trachea epithelium and is now able to bind to human tracheal tissue. Structural analysis reveals that Asp225 directly interacts with the penultimate Gal of the human‐type receptor, stabilizing human receptor binding.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Polycystic ovary syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Macut Djuro , Božić-Antić Ivana , Bjekić-Macut Jelica , Tziomalos Konstantinos
Published: July 2017

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent endocrine disease in women, with a number of metabolic and reproductive consequences. Obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes are prominent metabolic characteristics of PCOS and common factors affecting liver function and generating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Multiple genes involved in the synthesis of androgens, cytokines and IR, as well as acquired factors, such as endocrine disruptors, could associate the etiopathogenesis of PCOS and NAFLD. Besides the high prevalence of PCOS in general population, NAFLD was shown to be a frequent condition in transition periods, such as adolescence and menopause. Although liver biopsy is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosing liver damage, its routine use in such a prevalent condition as PCOS can be related to a higher rate of complications. Therefore, it is necessary to be able to diagnose NAFLD using simple and reliable surrogate markers. Recently, fatty liver index and NAFLD fatty liver score analyzed in large cohorts of PCOS women have been shown as accurate markers of liver damage in this metabolically vulnerable population. Lifestyle changes are still the mainstay of the management of NAFLD in PCOS, although prospective randomized controlled clinical studies remain a priority in the field. With regard to medications, metformin may be the drug of choice for treating PCOS patients with NAFLD when pharmacologic therapy is considered. Liraglutide use in obese PCOS has shown favorable effects on the predictors of liver fibrosis. In this review, we aim to summarize the influence of the common risk factors and to discuss the diagnostic approaches and management options for NAFLD in patients with PCOS.
Helminth antigens counteract a rapid high-fat diet-induced decrease in adipose tissue eosinophils
Authors: van den Berg Susan M , van Dam Andrea D , Kusters Pascal J H , Beckers Linda , den Toom Myrthe , van der Velden Saskia , Van den Bossche Jan , van Die Irma , Boon Mariëtte R , Rensen Patrick C N , Lutgens Esther , de Winther Menno P J
Published: July 2017

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation and white adipose tissue (WAT) beiging can increase energy expenditure and have the potential to reduce obesity and associated diseases. The immune system is a potential target in mediating brown and beige adipocyte activation. Type 2 and anti-inflammatory immune cells contribute to metabolic homeostasis within lean WAT, with a prominent role for eosinophils and interleukin (IL)-4-induced anti-inflammatory macrophages. We determined eosinophil numbers in epididymal WAT (EpAT), subcutaneous WAT (ScAT) and BAT after 1 day, 3 days or 1 week of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding in C57Bl/6 mice. One day of HFD resulted in a rapid drop in eosinophil numbers in EpAT and BAT, and after 3 days, in ScAT. In an attempt to restore this HFD-induced drop in adipose tissue eosinophils, we treated 1-week HFD-fed mice with helminth antigens from Schistosoma mansoni or Trichuris suis and evaluated whether the well-known protective metabolic effects of helminth antigens involves BAT activation or beiging. Indeed, antigens of both helminth species induced high numbers of eosinophils in EpAT, but failed to induce beiging. In ScAT, Schistosoma mansoni antigens induced mild eosinophilia, which was accompanied by slightly more beiging. No effects were observed in BAT. To study type 2 responses on brown adipocytes directly, T37i cells were stimulated with IL-4. This increased Ucp1 expression and strongly induced the production of eosinophil chemoattractant CCL11 (+26-fold), revealing that brown adipocytes themselves can attract eosinophils. Our findings indicate that helminth antigen-induced eosinophilia fails to induce profound beiging of white adipocytes.
ASPsiRNA: A Resource of ASP-siRNAs Having Therapeutic Potential for Human Genetic Disorders and Algorithm for Prediction of Their Inhibitory Efficacy
Authors: Monga Isha , Qureshi Abid , Thakur Nishant , Gupta Amit Kumar , Kumar Manoj
Published: July 2017

Allele-specific siRNAs (ASP-siRNAs) have emerged as promising therapeutic molecules owing to their selectivity to inhibit the mutant allele or associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) sparing the expression of the wild-type counterpart. Thus, a dedicated bioinformatics platform encompassing updated ASP-siRNAs and an algorithm for the prediction of their inhibitory efficacy will be helpful in tackling currently intractable genetic disorders. In the present study, we have developed the ASPsiRNA resource (http://crdd.osdd.net/servers/aspsirna/) covering three components viz (i) ASPsiDb, (ii) ASPsiPred, and (iii) analysis tools like ASP-siOffTar. ASPsiDb is a manually curated database harboring 4543 (including 422 chemically modified) ASP-siRNAs targeting 78 unique genes involved in 51 different diseases. It furnishes comprehensive information from experimental studies on ASP-siRNAs along with multidimensional genetic and clinical information for numerous mutations. ASPsiPred is a two-layered algorithm to predict efficacy of ASP-siRNAs for fully complementary mutant (Effmut) and wild-type allele (Effwild) with one mismatch by ASPsiPredSVM and ASPsiPredmatrix, respectively. In ASPsiPredSVM, 922 unique ASP-siRNAs with experimentally validated quantitative Effmut were used. During 10-fold cross-validation (10nCV) employing various sequence features on the training/testing dataset (T737), the best predictive model achieved a maximum Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC) of 0.71. Further, the accuracy of the classifier to predict Effmut against novel genes was assessed by leave one target out cross-validation approach (LOTOCV). ASPsiPredmatrix was constructed from rule-based studies describing the effect of single siRNA:mRNA mismatches on the efficacy at 19 different locations of siRNA. Thus, ASPsiRNA encompasses the first database, prediction algorithm, and off-target analysis tool that is expected to accelerate research in the field of RNAi-based therapeutics for human genetic diseases.
A new species of Brachionidium (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae) from the high montane forest in the Central Jungle of Peru
Authors: Valenzuela Gamarra Luis
Published: July 2017

A new species of Brachionidium was found on the highest mountains of the Central Jungle of Peru, on a wet Puna forest at 3470 m altitude. This species is similar to B. loxense and B. diaphanum but can be distinguished by its elliptic leaves with petioles 3–4 mm long; the short erect floral peduncle 2–3 mm long; the pink translucent sepals, red-wine toward the base; the floral bract spatuliform 15 × 5 mm; lip red-wine, bimarginated, trapezoidal, small, fleshy, obtuse acuminate, slightly prolonged lateral lobes antrorse and straight with a strongly pubescent cordate callus, split towards the apex.
GENDER DEFINITION OF MUSICAL ART IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Authors: Poliuha V. V.
Published: July 2017

The article interprets the gender issues and their interconnection of musical art that leads to analyzis of music pedagogy and educational system in general. The purpose of the study is the selection and analysis of such gender definitions of music as ender dimension, gender roles, gender approach, the gender component in the system of music education. Methodology of the study is based on the interdisciplinary approach that involves the use of scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and synthesis. Also, there is the method of comparative analysis and analogy applied in understanding the problems related to the study of gender influence in art and education. Originality is reflected in modern educational concept that appeals to the understanding of gender issues as a way of more thorough understanding of individuals, their role status of the individual, which in turn defines social opportunities in educational activities. Accordingly, the modern science can not remain uninvolved into the problems of modern times. Conclusions. Studies of gender in musical art education leads to selection, analyzis and understanding of such definitions as: gender dimension, which is focused on the understanding of the principle of obtaining polysynthetic, gender sensation from a musical work; gender roles, which distinguish representation of women in different kinds of music; gender approach, which establishes the availability of gender imbalance in the system of music education; gender component, which distinguishes the importance of understanding and practical implementation of gender equality in the system of music education.
Farnesoid X Receptor Agonism Protects against Diabetic Tubulopathy: Potential Add-On Therapy for Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Marquardt Andi , Al-Dabet Moh’d Mohanad , Ghosh Sanchita , Kohli Shrey , Manoharan Jayakumar , ElWakiel Ahmed , Gadi Ihsan , Bock Fabian , Nazir Sumra , Wang Hongjie , Lindquist Jonathan A. , Nawroth Peter Paul , Madhusudhan Thati , Mertens Peter R. , Shahzad Khurrum , Isermann Berend
Published: July 2017

Established therapies for diabetic nephropathy (dNP) delay but do not prevent its progression. The shortage of established therapies may reflect the inability to target the tubular compartment. The chemical chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) ameliorates maladaptive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling and experimental dNP. Additionally, TUDCA activates the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), which is highly expressed in tubular cells. We hypothesized that TUDCA ameliorates maladaptive ER signaling via FXR agonism specifically in tubular cells. Indeed, TUDCA induced expression of FXR-dependent genes (SOCS3 and DDAH1) in tubular cells but not in other renal cells. In vivo, TUDCA reduced glomerular and tubular injury in db/db and diabetic endothelial nitric oxide synthase–deficient mice. FXR inhibition with Z-guggulsterone or vivo-morpholino targeting of FXR diminished the ER-stabilizing and renoprotective effects of TUDCA. Notably, these in vivo approaches abolished tubular but not glomerular protection by TUDCA. Combined intervention with TUDCA and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril in 16-week-old db/db mice reduced albuminuria more efficiently than did either treatment alone. Although both therapies reduced glomerular damage, only TUDCA ameliorated tubular damage. Thus, interventions that specifically protect the tubular compartment in dNP, such as FXR agonism, may provide renoprotective effects on top of those achieved by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme.
MicroRNA-92a Mediates Endothelial Dysfunction in CKD
Authors: Shang Fenqing , Wang Shen-Chih , Hsu Chien-Yi , Miao Yifei , Martin Marcy , Yin Yanjun , Wu Chih-Cheng , Wang Yun-Ting , Wu Gaihong , Chien Shu , Huang Hsien-Da , Tarng Der-Cherng , Shiu Yan-Ting , Cheung Alfred K. , Huang Po-Hsun , Chen Zhen , Shyy John Y.-J.
Published: July 2017

CKD is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The accumulation of uremic toxins in CKD induces oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. MicroRNA-92a (miR-92a) is induced by oxidative stress in endothelial cells (ECs) and involved in angiogenesis and atherosclerosis. We investigated a role for oxidative stress–responsive miR-92a in CKD. Our study of patients at three clinical sites showed increased serum miR-92a level with decreased kidney function. In cultured ECs, human CKD serum or uremic toxins (such as indoxyl sulfate), compared with non-CKD serum, induced the levels of miR-92a and suppressed the expression of miR-92a targets, including key endothelial-protective molecules. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine inhibited these vasculopathic properties. In rats, adenine-induced CKD associated with increased levels of miR-92a in aortas, serum, and CD144+ endothelial microparticles. Furthermore, CD144+ microparticles from human uremic serum contained more miR-92a than those from control serum. Additional analysis showed a positive correlation between serum levels of miR-92a and indoxyl sulfate in a cohort of patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis. Collectively, our findings suggest that the uremic toxins accumulated in CKD can upregulate miR-92a in ECs, which impairs EC function and predisposes patients to CVD.
La Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias y Agroindustriales de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana
Authors: Ulloa Miguel
Published: July 2017

Esta Facultad es ; sin duda, una preciosa rama de la frondosa higuera, denominada Politécnica Salesiana.La UPS tiene hondas raíces porque la semilla técnica fue sembrada en 1888
Los productos limpios y los orgánicos
Authors: Jimbo Marcelo
Published: July 2017

Los productos limpios y los orgánicos
El agua en la agricultura
Authors: Ortiz Gómez Daniel
Published: July 2017

Muchas veces nos hemos dado cuenta que el producto químico adquirido (fungicida, insecticida, herbicida, etc.) no funciona como esperábamos, entonces lo más fácil es pensar que ya no lo están fabricando como antes, han bajado el porcentaje del ingrediente activo o simplemente que lo están falsificado, pero la realidad es que intervienen varios factores para que este agroquímico no trabaje como es debido.
Manejo integrado de ácaros en el cultivo de rosas bajo invernadero
Authors: Webster Pedro
Published: July 2017

La floricultura es una actividad económica que brinda grandes réditos al horticultor, su inversión es alta; por lo tanto, requiere, un manejo específico y de mucho cuidado
sanitario. Los ácaros reducen cosechas, defolian hojas, diseminan- virus y bacterias, dañan el producto a cosecharse.
Eficiencia de la semilla de algodón en el incremento de solidos totales en la leche de origen bovino. Cayambe - Ecuador
Authors: Nepas Luis , Beltrán Hans
Published: July 2017

Cinco comunidades de la zona norte del cantón Cayambe en la provincia del Pichincha se encuentran equipadas con centros de acopio y enfriamiento de leche, negociando juntas un total de 9 000 litros diarios a la empresa Nestlé, ubicada en la ciudad de Cayambe. Esta empresa establece sistemas de pago en base a dos parámetros de calidad: horas de reductasa y sólidos totales.
Relationships between the regulation of psychological needs satisfaction and symptomatology
Authors: Sol António , Branco Vasco António
Published: July 2017

Framed by the integrative Paradigmatic Complementarity Model, the present study addresses the relationships between regulation and discrepancy in psychological needs satisfaction, and symptomatology. This Model conceptualizes psychological needs as dialectical polarities, suggesting that disorders essentially stem from the inability to regulate their satisfaction. 848 adults participated in this study. The results showed that the regulation of psychological needs satisfaction correlated negatively with symptomatology, whereas discrepancy correlated positively with it. Moreover, the level of that regulation showed predictive value of symptomatology. Non-disordered individuals displayed higher regulation of psychological needs satisfaction and lower discrepancy than disordered ones. In both groups, subjects with a high degree of regulation of both needs of each dialectical polarity generally displayed less symptoms, in comparison with all the others, with a few and non-significant exceptions. These results suggest the importance of regulation and discrepancy in psychological needs satisfaction as related to symptomatology.
Considerações éticas na investigação com vítimas de violência e de crime
Authors: Caridade Sónia
Published: July 2017

A investigação vitimológica é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de políticas que possam promover a segurança e o equilíbrio emocional das vítimas. Na produção deste conhecimento científico colocam-se inúmeros preceitos éticos que devem ser devidamente salvaguardados sob pena de se poder promover uma revitimação. A experienciação de uma situação de vitimação poderá ter efeitos muito nefastos, podendo interferir com a capacidade das vítimas para decidir a sua participação numa investigação. Tendo por base as evidências em torno do impacto da violência e do crime nas suas vítimas, pretende-se ao longo deste artigo elencar algumas das principais questões éticas subjacentes à produção científica neste domínio, identificando alguns dos cuidados e recomendações a implementar. A observância deste conjunto de guidelines é fundamental para a realização de uma investigação de qualidade e para mitigar eventuais danos que a mesma possa causar nos seus participantes.
Transitioning to 100% Tobacco-Free: Perspectives from a Jesuit University
Authors: Bartos Susan , Donoghue Karen , Kelley Patrick
Published: July 2017

Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine the current social climate around tobacco at a Jesuit University and begin implementation procedures to transition the campus to a 100% tobacco free environment in a manner consistent with Jesuit and personal values.Background: Smoke-free campus policies are shown to be successful in reducing the amount of smoking and exposure to second-hand smoke. A comprehensive policy which includes traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, smokeless products, and hookah is recommended to eliminate the cultural acceptance of all tobacco products.Methods: A web-based survey was conducted following feedback from student led focus groups.Results: The majority of students (71%) agreed or strongly agreed with a transition to a tobacco-free policy with only 18% of the participants reporting negative feelings towards the policy change. Slightly more than half of the sample (53%) reported having a knowledge deficit related to available smoking cessation resources.Conclusions: There is an important balance between individual freedoms and upholding core Jesuit values in caring for the whole person. When implementing a new tobacco-policy, the current social climate, educational and cessation resources, and policy enforcement should be considered.
A dual crosslinking strategy to tailor rheological properties of gelatin methacryloyl
Authors: Zhou Miaomiao , Lee Bae Hoon , Tan Lay Poh
Published: July 2017

3D bioprinting is an emerging technology that enables the fabrication of three-dimensional organised cellular constructs. One of the major challenges in 3D bioprinting is to develop a material to meet the harsh requirements (cellcompatibility, printability, structural stability post-printing and bio-functionality to regulate cell behaviours) suitable for printing. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) has recently emerged as an attractive biomaterial in tissue engineering because it satisfies the requirements of bio-functionality and mechanical tunability. However, poor rheological property such as low viscosity at body temperature inhibits its application in 3D bioprinting. In this work, an enzymatic crosslinking method triggered by Ca2+-independent microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) was introduced to catalyse isopeptide bonds formation between chains of GelMA, which could improve its rheological behaviours, specifically its viscosity. By combining enzymatic crosslinking and photo crosslinking, it is possible to tune the solution viscosity and quickly stabilize the gelatin macromolecules at the same time. The results showed that the enzymatic crosslinking can increase the solution viscosity. Subsequent photo crosslinking could aid in fast stabilization of the structure and make handling easy.
Assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice of contraception in rural India: a necessary step in achieving population control
Authors: U. Ashwini Nayak , K. G. Ramakrishnan , K. N. Venkateswar , M. Vijayshree
Published: July 2017

Background: India’s projected population will be 1.53 Billion by the year 2050. Every fifth birth in the world is an Indian, and 50% percent of the Indian population are of reproductive age. Objective of present work was to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of contraception among rural women.Methods: 100 rural women in the study were evaluated with the help of a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire for the knowledge regarding contraception.Results: Though all women were aware of at least one contraceptive method, 11% never used contraception. The most commonly used contraceptive was condom 59%, followed by 41% CU-T, 27% tubectomy, 18% pills, 10% injectable and 3% emergency contraception.Conclusions: Though knowledge about at least one contraceptive method existed, there is a strong need for motivational strategies to make people accept the methods. Furthermore, there needs to be more educational programs to increase awareness about the existence of various family planning methods.
Self-medication practices versus health of the community
Authors: Dutta Ruma , Raja Dinesh , R. Anuradha , Dcruze Lawrence , Jain Timsi , P. Sivaprakasam
Published: July 2017

Background: Self-medication is a common practice worldwide and the irrational use of drugs is a cause of concern. Self-medication involves the use of medicinal products by the individuals to treat self-recognized disorders or symptoms, or the intermittent or continuous use of a medication prescribed by a physician for chronic or recurring diseases or symptoms. The objectives of the study were to find out the prevalence of self-medication practices in the community; to describe the common conditions where self-medication is practiced.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in a rural population at Kuthambakkam village, Tamil Nadu from February 2015 to July 2015. This village falls under the rural field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and hospital, Thandalam. There were 1175 households in this village of which 165 households were identified for the study purpose using simple random sampling technique. Statistical analysis: Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS version 16 software. Descriptive statistics were calculated for background variables, attitude and practices of self-medication. Results: The study was conducted in 165 households in Kuthambakkam village, the rural field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College. The median age of the study participants was 38 years. The minimum age was 17 and maximum was 77 years. 73 (44.2%) of study subjects reported having health problems currently. Of them, 76.7% replied they consulted a doctor for their problem, 17.8% resorted to self-medication and rest 5.5% took native treatment at home. Conclusions: It is imperative to address the practice of self-medication among the people in the age of growing drug resistance being reported. Periodic studies on the knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication may give an insight into the pattern of drug use among the people.
Rigid bronchoscopy for foreign body removal: an overview
Authors: K. Shashidhar , V. Rajan Roshna Raj , Shah Nizin , Bhat Nikhil
Published: July 2017

Background: Foreign body aspiration is a potentially life threatening medical scenario. Immediate diagnosis and intervention can save the many adverse outcomes. The aim of our study was to determine the pattern, presentation and management of foreign body aspiration in our population.

Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out in the Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery And Surgical Oncology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi comprising of 22 patients with foreign body aspiration admitted to our department from July 2015 to February 2017.All patients with high suspicion of foreign body aspiration were included in our study. All patients underwent rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia.  

Results: In our study, majority of our patients were in the paediatric age group below the age of three years. History was always accidental inhalation of the foreign body. Areca nut was the most common foreign body removed. All patients who underwent successful foreign body removal following rigid bronchoscopy completely recovered from their ailments.

Conclusions: It could be concluded that rigid bronchoscopy is treatment of choice in management of foreign body aspiration especially in pediatric population. The gold standard for the diagnosis and management of this condition is rigid bronchoscopy under general anaesthesia.
Bleaching of non-vital teeth, five-year follow-up: case reports
Authors: Duran Marlin , Martinez Mercedes , Fabian Nayma
Published: July 2017

In 2009, a study was conducted for the purpose of comparing the effectiveness of two bleaching agents: sodium perborate and 37% carbamideperoxide gel. Thirteen patients diagnosed with “non-vital teeth with traumatic dyschromias” were treated at the Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo School of Dentistry, Dominican Republic. The findings showed that both bleaching agents were effective; however, 37% carbamideperoxide worked more rapidly and was easier to administer. Because it comes in individualised pre-measured syringes, the gel is immediately ready for application, thereby giving patients the results they desire in a considerably shorter amount of time. After five years, the 13patients previously treated with the non-vital dental bleaching products were recalled to be re-evaluated for possible reversal of tooth discolouration and the development of cervical resorption. Only four patients came to this follow-up dental visit. In all four of the patients’ radiographic findings, there was a complete absence of external cervical resorption. Three of the patients had reversal of tooth discolouration; however, for one patient there were no observable dyschromias. Regardless of the bleaching agent used, if the patient had poor final dental restoration(s) post-bleaching procedure and a lifestyle counter to the maintenance of proper dental health (i.e. smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and excessive simple sugar consumption), the dyschromias tended to return.
Rehabilitation of a patient with severely attrited dentition– A case report
Authors: Modi Ritesh , Kohli Shivani , Bhatia Shekhar
Published: July 2017

A patient with severely attrited dentition suffers from generalized sensitivity, mobility of teeth, compromised esthetics and decreased vertical dimension of occlusion which results in a dentition compromised in form, function and esthetics due to which the patient suffers from lack of confidence. The objectives of the treatment for such case should be preservation of the remaining tooth structure, restoration of optimum function, esthetics with least invasive procedures, cost effective treatment, and shorter treatment time.
¿Qué queremos decir cuando hablamos de prestigio en arqueología prehistórica?
What do we mean when we speak of ‘prestige’ in prehistoric archaeology?
Authors: Pedraza Marín Diego
Published: July 2017

RESUMEN En la bibliografía arqueológica resulta frecuente leer el término prestigio, o expresiones asociadas al mismo tales como objetos de prestigio o personas de prestigio. A su vez observamos que dichas nociones raramente se definen, empleándose de forma acrítica. Sostenemos que conviene analizar las implicaciones epistemológicas e ideológicas de estas categorías en el proceso científico de creación del conocimiento, desde la arqueología prehistórica. Asimismo, trataremos de aportar nuevas perspectivas de análisis desde el materialismo histórico y los estudios feministas, ofreciendo una definición de la categoría prestigio, entendido como una producción social.   PALABRAS CLAVE: prestigio, arqueología prehistórica, epistemología, materialismo histórico, feminismo   ABSTRACT In the archaeology bibliography it is common to read the term ‘prestige’, or related expressions such as ‘prestige objects’ or ‘persons of prestige’. At the same time we observe that these expressions are rarely defined and are employed in a non-critical way. We argue that it is necessary to analyze the epistemological and ideological implications of these categories in the scientific process of knowledge creation from prehistoric archaeology. We will also try to provide new perspectives of analysis from historical materialism and feminist studies, offering a definition for the category ‘prestige’, understood as being socially produced.   KEY WORDS: prestige, prehistoric archaeology, epistemology, historic materialism, feminism
Análisis macro y microespacial del abrigo inédito de Puerto Baterno (Agudo, Ciudad Real)...
Macro- and microspatial analyisis of the newly-discovered cave at Puerto Baterno (Agudo, Ciudad Real)...
Authors: Marchante Ortega Ángel
Published: July 2017

RESUMEN Este trabajo de investigación aborda uno de los objetos de estudio más singulares del patrimonio arqueológico: el arte rupestre. Por lo que hace a su ámbito territorial, se circunscribe al suroeste de la provincia de Ciudad Real: Montes de Ciudad Real, Valle de Alcudia y Sierra Madrona. Desde el punto de vista teórico-metodológico, esta investigación se encuadra dentro de la denominada arqueología del paisaje. Este enfoque condiciona las técnicas de registro y documentación de las entidades a estudiar. Por esta razón, el eje temático de este trabajo está fundamentalmente constituido por una aproximación a las técnicas y métodos de registro más apropiados para la catalogación e interpretación de las representaciones rupestres: Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG), fotogrametría, láser escáner y análisis de imagen. En virtud de su bajo coste, facilidad de manipulación y rentabilidad de cara a la explotación de los datos, se han seleccionado varias de estas herramientas para su aplicación en el estudio de caso propuesto: el sitio rupestre de Puerto Baterno (Agudo, Ciudad Real). Se ha realizado, así, un análisis de este yacimiento inédito a diferentes escalas espaciales: paisaje, entorno y estación.   PALABRAS CLAVE: arte rupestre, arqueología del paisaje, SIG, fotogrametría, análisis de imagen   ABSTRACT This research aims to study one of the most unique items of archaeological heritage: rock art. Its scope is limited to the southwest of the province of Ciudad Real: Montes de Ciudad Real, Valle de Alcudia and Sierra Madrona. From the theoretical and methodological point of view, this research is located in the orbit of the so-called landscape archeology. This approach determines the recording and documentation techniques of the artistic expressions studied. For this reason, the central theme of this work will be mainly composed of an approach to the most appropriate recording techniques and methods for its cataloging and interpretation: GIS, photogrammetry, laser scanning and image analysis. Due to its low cost, ease of manipulation and the profitability of the exploitation of data, we have selected several of these tools for its use in the study of this proposed case: the rock art site of Puerto Baterno (Agudo, Ciudad Real). We have done an analysis of this unknown site on different spatial scales: landscape, environment and station.   KEY WORDS: rock art, landscape archaeology, GIS, photogrammetry, image analysis
Hurrian Personal Names in the Kingdom of Hatti
Authors: Oliva Mompeán Juan Carlos
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
Africa quasi Roma, 256 av. J. C.-711 apr. J. C.
Authors: Gozalbes Cravioto Enrique
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
Hacienda, mercado y poder al norte de la Corona de Castilla en el tránsito del Medievo a la Modernidad
Authors: Igual Luis David
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
Hacienda, fiscalidad y agentes económicos en la cornisa cantábrica y su entorno (1450-1550). Nuevos textos para su estudio
Authors: Lozano Castellanos Alicia
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
Le armi dei Siciliani. Cavalleria, guerra e moneta nella Sicilia spagnola (secoli XV-XVII)
Authors: Mesa Coronado María del Pilar
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
San Clemente en la guerra de Sucesión (1700-1712). Reconocimiento borbónico y recompensa diferenciada
Authors: Cózar Gutiérrez Ramón
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
La moda no es capricho. Mensajes y funciones del vestido en la Edad Media
Fashion is not a whim. Messages and functions of clothing in the Middle Ages
Authors: García Marsilla Juan Vicente
Published: July 2017

Los siglos finales de la Edad Media vieron como nuevas modas en el vestir irrumpían en Europa con un ritmo cada vez más acelerado. Eran una de las manifestaciones de una sociedad más dinámica, que utilizaba la vestimenta como un código de comunicación privilegiado del estatus social y la pujanza económica y política. Sin duda, las cortes nobiliarias jugaron un importante papel en esa activación de la moda, pero el fenómeno alcanzó a buena parte de la población urbana y a las capas más acomodadas del campesinado, como lo demuestran las leyes suntuarias y la difusión del mercado de segunda mano. Hombres y mujeres rivalizaban por acceder a las novedades, que viajaban de un país a otro con cierta facilidad, sin que la indumentaria, no obstante, llegara a homogeneizarse del todo en el continente. De esta manera, el cuidado de la apariencia, y la constante adaptación a las novedades en el vestido, se convertirían ya entonces en acicates básicos para un nivel de consumo sostenido, que a la larga alentaría importantes mutaciones del sistema económico.PALABRAS CLAVE: Edad Media, moda, leyes suntuarias, consumo, gusto.ABSTRACTThe Late Middle Ages saw new fashions in clothing appearing in Europe with an increasingly frequent rhythm. These trends were one of the manifestations of a more dynamic society that used clothing as a privileged communication code of social status and economic and political importance. Noble courts no doubt played an important role in this activation of fashion, but the phenomenon reached a large part of the urban population and the more affluent layers of the peasantry, as evidenced by sumptuary laws and the spread of the second-hand market. Men and women competed for access to novelties, which travelled from one country to others quite easily, although clothing never became homogenous across the whole continent. Thus, the care of appearance, and the constant adaptation to new fashion trends, became two basic positive stimuli for a sustained consumption level, which, in the long run, promoted important changes in the economic system.KEY WORDS: Middle Ages, fashion, sumptuary laws, consumption, taste.
Moda masculina y distinción social. El ejemplo de Asturias desde la Restauración hasta la Segunda República
Male fashion and social distinction. The example of Asturias from the Restoration to the Second Republic
Authors: García Álvarez Luis Benito
Published: July 2017

Pese a lo extendido de la creencia de que a lo largo de buena parte del período contemporáneo la moda masculina se había caracterizado por la monotonía y la uniformidad, lo cierto es que esta dimensión no dejaría de desempeñar un destacado papel entre las estrategias de distinción social. En la Asturias de la Restauración, sometida a un acelerado proceso de industrialización y urbanización, tales realidades se tornarían bien visibles, generalizándose un cambio profundo en el atuendo tradicional y actuando Londres y más adelante también los modelos cinematográficoscomo referentes inexcusables del estilo masculino. De todo ello, dan buena cuenta fuentes como los anuncios publicitarios de sastres y bazares o materiales de tanta valía como las topografías médicas y los testimonios literarios.PALABRAS CLAVE: Asturias, Restauración, moda masculina, distinción, sastrería.ABSTRACTDespite the widespread belief throughout much of the contemporary period that male fashion was characterized by monotony and uniformity, the fact is that it always played a prominent role in the strategies of social distinction. In the Asturias of the Restoration, during an accelerated process of industrialization and urbanization, such realities became highly visible and a deep change in traditional attire became general, with London and later also the cinematographic models being key reference points for male style. Research sources such as the advertisements of tailors and clothes retailers and valuable materials such as medical topographies and literary testimonies provide a good account of all this.KEY WORDS: Asturias, Restoration, men’s fashion, distinction, tailoring.
Reforma y renovación católicas
Authors: Vizuete Mendoza J. Carlos
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
Nuevos tiempos para las familias, familias para los nuevos tiempos. De las sociedades tradicionales a las sociedades burguesas: perspectivas comparadas entre Argentina y España
Authors: Ortega del Cerro Pablo
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
Con los Borbones, jamás. Biografía de Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla (1833-1895)
Authors: Duarte Montserrat Ángel
Published: July 2017

Reseña de la obra mencionada.
A reconciliação entre o Humano e o Sagrado em Uma Aprendizagem ou O Livro dos Prazeres, de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Ferreira Torres Ana Maria , Gomes Ferraz Antônio Máximo
Published: July 2017

A questão da autonomização reivindica, na tradição moderna, leis específicas para o estético, normas capazes de independizá-lo de imperativos cívicos e morais. Já ler o objeto estético contemporâneo implica, por sua vez, uma estratégia dúplice que contemporiza dois valores antagônicos: a entrega e a resistência à interpretação; e ambos exigem romper com a acumulação de valores instrumentais, mas também quebrar a memória, o que, certamente, conota certo irracionalismo. Paralelamente, e à diferença das vanguardas históricas, a situação contemporânea reinscreve essa ruptura em um contexto específico, o espaço imanente de uma experiência que arranca o sujeito de toda certeza pré-moldada. Mais do que traçar inequívocos limites sob um ponto de vista institucional, o desafio da crítica atual consiste, portanto, em reconhecer as forças que agitam ou agitaram a cena cultural do Brasil, e que são seus limiares de sentido situados muito além da costumeira análise institucional.
Análise do atendimento de normativas do Ministério do Trabalho em uma lavanderia industrial têxtil no município de São Gabriel da Palha/ES
Authors: Bermudes Wanderson Lyrio , Sena Diane Cristina Souza , Bragato Leandro César Valbusa , Barbosa Rodrigo Ferreira , Cunha Patricia Cruz
Published: July 2017

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise do atendimento aos requisitos legais aplicáveis em matéria de segurança e saúde do trabalho, utilizando 7 normas regulamentadoras do MTE, em uma lavanderia têxtil localizada na cidade de São Gabriel da Palha/ES, Brasil, em 2013. A pesquisa utilizada foi do tipo exploratório para as atividades de campo, bibliográfico e qualitativo por meio de entrevista, análise de documentos e inspeção no local de trabalho. Os resultados apontaram condições de segurança do trabalho insatisfatórias, uma vez que o índice de não conformidade do cumprimento aos requisitos das normas é alto. O estudo sugere a elaboração de um plano de trabalho para atendimento aos requisitos normativos.
Eu leio. Você lê? Desafios e possibilidades no trabalho com o letramento literário
Authors: Dantas Maria Leuziedna , Oliveira Sayonara Abrantes de , De Sousa Maria Rosaly , Lacerda Priscila Tavares
Published: July 2017

Este artigo é resultante de um projeto vinculado ao Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica para o Ensino Médio (PIBIC-EM), que teve como objetivo analisar os fatores contribuintes para o processo de formação leitora do texto literário, a fim de verificar como os jovens fazem suas escolhas de textos literários, bem como conhecer as dificuldades e facilidades que enfrentam em contato com esses gêneros. Para tanto, utilizamos a pesquisa quantiqualitativa por meio da aplicação de questionário constituído de perguntas abertas e aplicado com os alunos dos cursos Técnico Integrado em Informática e Técnico Integrado em Meio Ambiente do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB)/campus Sousa. Analisamos também as percepções advindas das observações do Clube Leitor do mesmo campus, na tentativa de verificar de que forma a intervenção de atividades que medeiam o letramento literário favorecem o estímulo à formação leitora. Com base na análise de dados, observamos que o elemento que distancia o aluno da leitura é a falta de incentivo, ou seja, da construção de uma atmosfera que o envolva, tanto na sala de aula, quanto nos demais ambientes que o acolhem. Para superar isso, faz-se necessário que o professor possua um aparato teórico-metodológico norteador em suas aulas, uma vez que a mediação favorece o letramento literário, tendo como suporte o Método Recepcional e uma concepção de leitura que articulam o interacional ao discursivo, auxiliando na organização e na seleção de textos, de modo a alcançar os objetivos da formação do leitor.
Diálogos e Reflexões sobre a Concepção de Ensino Politécnico nas Aulas de Artes: desafios e possibilidades
Authors: Nascimento Giovane do , Paravidino Carlim Silva
Published: July 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre as questões que dizem respeito à formação estética a partir do ensino contemporâneo da Arte numa escola onde a proposta de educação se funda nos pressupostos marxistas de educação. O nosso trabalho se propõe a realizar um estudo teórico sobre a politecnia a fim de apontar as possibilidades e impossibilidades de se trabalhar nessa perspectiva fazendo-a dialogar com o atual modelo de ensino de Arte dos últimos tempos. Nesse sentido, procurou-se analisar em que medida é possível a formação omnilateral do indivíduo, ou seja, uma formação multilateral e integral do ser humano, e como o ensino de arte pode se engajar nesse processo. Com isso, se estará buscando uma formação que possibilite a produção e fruição de três dimensões, a saber: da ciência, da arte e da técnica.
Moving Forward, in Times of Reforms in the Evaluation of Scientific Journals
Authors: Cárdenas Melba Libia
Published: July 2017

We are pleased to present the second issue of our twenty-fourth volume. This edition comes with the conviction of both the HOW journal and ASOCOPI that no matter what interests prevail in one’s getting published or in the classification system that rules Colombian academic or scientific journals nowadays, it is worth it to persevere in sharing knowledge with our ELT (English language teaching) community within the country and overseas.
"Aleppo" and "Sunset"
Authors: Whelan Alex , Cohen Irun
Published: July 2017

IntroductionDaniel DouekWe are very fortunate to introduce two poems from two great immunologists, Alex Whelan and Irun Cohen. Alex’s poem, titled “Aleppo,” is a stark insight into the horrors which scar the population of that blighted city. Irun has written a haiku in response which evokes the interminable nature of that horror. When I walked into Irun’s lab at the age of 18, one of the technicians took one look at me and said in Arabic “Enta Halabi” —You are from Aleppo. And indeed, without knowing who I was, he recognized that I have the features of an Aleppine Jew. My great-great-grandfather was the chief rabbi of that city’s once flourishing Jewish community. As for the great synagogue from which he preached—I do not know if it exists today. And if it does exist today, I do not know if it will exist tomorrow.
Antiasthma activity of Eucalyptus grandis essential oil and its main constituent: Vasorelaxant effect on aortic smooth muscle isolated from nomotensive rats
Authors: Soyingbe Oluwagbemiga S. , Makhafola Tshepiso Jan , Mahlobo Bongiwe P. , Salahdeen Hussein M. , Lawal Oladipupo A. , Opoku Andy R.
Published: July 2017

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. It is characterized by an inflammation of the airways causing dysfunction. Asthma is associated with widespread airflow obstruction and increase in airway responsiveness to a variety of stimuli. An asthma attack is accompanied by wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and coughing. The anti-asthmatic and anti-cough activities of the essential oils and 1,8-cineole on rats were assessed. These activities were induced and challenged with histamine and acetylcholine using an ultrasonic nebulizer for asthma and exposure to ammonia for coughs. Anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oils and 1,8-cineole were determined using the cotton pellet granuloma test. Muscle contraction studies where carried out using the vascular reactivity on aortic smooth muscle. The oils exhibited concentration dependent anti-asthma and anti-cough activities. Significantly, 1,8-cineole isolated and purified from the essential oil showed a concentration dependent anti-inflammatory, anti-cough and anti-asthma activity and The essential oils showed vasorelaxant activity. The ability of the essential oils and 1,8-cineole to directly dilate smooth muscle and relieve the stress of bronchial contraction and obstruction of the airways passage validates the use of Eucalyptus grandis as an anti-asthmatic and anti-cough agent. It is concluded that the essential oils have the potential to be used as an anti-asthma and anti-cough therapy. This study also justifies its use by traditional healers in the treatment of asthma and coughs in Zulu folklore medicine.