bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of nano TiO2-epoxy composite in bond strength and corrosion resistance of rebar embedded in micro-silica modified concrete
Authors: Ramganesh V , Ananth Kumar M , Mini KM , Vignesh Vaishno , Karthikeyan R
Published: December 2020

One of the significant drawbacks of RCC structures is Corrosion. It is a well-known term used to describe numerous interactions between a material and its surrounding environment resulting in degradation within the material properties. Reacting with ambient oxygen can cause the material to degrade by forming a more chemically stable form of oxides called Rust. A detailed literature study about the recent advances in the area of corrosion resistance of reinforced concrete has been done using nano-materials. Nano-materials can be deemed fit to be used in cement and concrete manufacture and have a wide range of applications in the civil industry. Compressive strength and ductility of concrete can be improved by blending Nano-materials in concrete. Leads to producing a very dense concrete and Decreases permeability of the concrete by micro filler effect. In the present study, nanomaterial is used in the preparation of coating material on the reinforcement bar. Higher opacity, the interaction between coating and surface, and higher durability of the coating can be achieved by adding nano-material. Different percentages of nano-TiO2 (0.5%,1%,2%) mixed with epoxy are varied to find the percentage, which gives the least rate of Corrosion. For this purpose, the specimens coated with nano-TiO2 epoxy composite are placed in two mediums such as 3.5% NaCl solution and 1M H2SO4 solution and studied the performance of corrosion resistance for every 15-day interval using LPR, Tafel plot and Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS).Characteristic properties like topography, composition, and surface morphology are studied using SEM, FTIR, and XRD analysis. To increase the mechanical properties of reinforced concrete, so industrial by-product micro-silica has been added to the cement mix. Reinforced cylindrical specimens were cast and were tested for bond strength. For micro-silica replaced concrete mix, destructive tests like compressive strength test and tensile strength tests were conducted
Investigating the effect of biological material on the property of concrete
Authors: Kadapure Santosh Ashok
Published: December 2020

Biomineralization is an innovative technology adopted in the area of construction field. Biomineralization method involves use of biological material to improve the property of the concrete structure. The present study investigated the effect of prepared biological material of Bacillus sparecisus strain introduced into fly ash concrete as a new approach on its durability and mechanical property. Mechanical and durability property of bacterial blended fly ash concrete were studied at cell concentration of 105 cells/ml with varying concentration of bacterial solution to water. Test results revealed that, in comparison with conventional samples, those containing alkaliphilic endospore-forming bacteria material cured in tap water, recorded increase in compressive strength up to 30 % and decrease of durability property to 30 %. The ratio of bacteria solution to water played important role in improving the properties of concrete. At higher ratio, calcite precipitation by bacteria resulted in improvement of properties of concrete. Scanning electron microscope and XRD tests were performed to confirm the formation of calcite in the opening spaces of concrete.
Application of time and motion study to increase the productivity and efficiency
Authors: Prakash Chandra , Prakash Rao B , Shetty Dheeraj Vishwanatha , Vaibhava S
Published: December 2020

The productivity and efficiency in any construction is always a challenge. Due to various factors the efficiency of men and machine gets reduced hampering the productivity. The purpose of this study is to highlight the benefits of time and motion study employed in construction sector. Time and motion study and work sampling has been employed to measure the productivity of the various construction activities and the paper discusses its application to the various phases of erection of steel structure such as installation of purlins, installation of primary beams and installation of secondary beams on the arrival slab of an airport. The parameters such as efficiency, productivity, tool time, support time and idle times are observed. Motion corrections and time corrections are applied. It is expected that employing lean concepts to construction will help in increasing productivity and reduce risks. After first week of observation and then employing time and motion study corrections, an increase of 37.95% is observed in terms of efficiency, an increase of 218.03% is observed in terms of productivity and an increase of 93.25% is observed in terms of tool time. The idle time showed a decrease of 40.24%.The results are highly promising and hence the management of construction industry need to consider the application of time and motion study not only from the point of view of enhancing efficiency and resource usage, but should also discuss the soft side of employee psychology.
Concrete support structures for small wind turbines
Authors: Michalek Jaroslaw
Published: December 2020

Small wind turbines (SWT) generate electricity up to several dozen kilowatts. They can be divided into turbines with a horizontal axis of rotation (Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines) and turbines with a vertical axis (Vertical Axis Wind Turbines).The paper discusses design issues related to various types of wind turbines, and lays down general principles for the selection of support structures for small wind turbines (SWT) with a horizontal axis of rotation. The possibilities of using E-type spun prestressed-concrete poles used in medium voltage overhead power lines as SWT supporting structures are presented and discussed with regard to technical benefits of their application.
A research on strength improvement of clay with mine tailing
Authors: Veena Vijayan L , Prakash Arul Jose J
Published: December 2020

Tailings seem to be the materials left over after the separation process of the desirable fraction from the uneconomic fraction of an ore. A vast quantity and diversity of mine tailings are created everyday around the world. The tailings very often contain heavy metals, chemicals and toxic substances that may disperse into the ecosystem and endanger public health during mineral processing. Those mining waste should be managed properly. To assess these problems, it is necessary to ascertain the appropriate engineering properties of the tailings. A series of experimental studies were performed to determine the geotechnical properties of mine tailings to evaluate the applicability of these materials for construction purposes to undertake this project. The specific index and engineering properties of the soil were calculated by various laboratory experiments. Chemical analyzes were carried out, too.
Evaluation of the effects of soil structure interaction on a multistorey rc building
Authors: Deepashree R , Kavitha S , Mamatha P G , Vishal B V
Published: December 2020

when a structure undergoes seismic excitation, the displacement caused in the structure and the ground are not independent of one another, this dependency of each other causes noticeable changes in the structure. In order to study this interdependency, a phenomenon called soil structure interaction (SSI) comes into existence which is been neglected during design process but omitting it leads to unsafe design. Henceforth it’s important to consider the effect of SSI although its effect is negligible for buildings that are low rise. In the current study 6 models of G+13 multi-storey symmetrical RC building with storey height 3m is modelled using ETABS which is assumed to be located in Hard-soil, Medium-soil and Soft-soil of zone-IV is subjected to response spectrum analysis. The structure is analysed without SSI and also the behaviour of the structure is studied by considering SSI effect using spring elements. The variation of systematic parameters such as storey displacement, storey drift, Storey shear, base-shear, natural period, Storey stiffness and overturning moment has been studied and compared. It is observed that response of the structure is higher under SSI condition and soft soil is more critical, it’s important to consider the effects of SSI during design process.
Social media security threats investigation and mitigation methods: A preliminary review
Authors: Singh Mandeep , Verma Chaman , Juneja Pamela
Published: December 2020

Recent advancement of data collection and coupled statistics, big data became a significant issue in various research areas like: Machine learning, data mining, social networks, artificial intelligence, etc. Social networking is used as a platform for various applications like: government, business, educational, political, dating and matrimonial, etc. Like each and every platform, social networking too has its own set of pros and cons. We examine the types of posting on social media websites and influence of posting data and privacy concerns of Facebook and twitter users. This study indicates the different concerns of users regarding posting information and its influences of user voiced privacy concerns. It is beneficial in fields like: education, advertisements, online shopping but people get addicted to social networking, its time consuming in various issues and can be misused for cybercrimes. We’ve discussed the e-government objectives of using social media. Social networking is also vulnerable at different stages and attacked in several ways that includes evil twin attack, virus attack, phishing attack, account hijacking, data breach attack, fraud and scams. Site monitoring, developing security policies, educating users and training programs, updating software, archiving, media contents are several mitigation techniques are used to reduce the effects of cyber-attacks.
“FRIENDLY CHAT”- A chat application with multi-headed classification models for identifying abusive levels and their comparative study
Authors: Parkavi A , Sowmya B J , Pushpalatha M N
Published: December 2020

An application that tracks the use of offensive and vulgar language on chats on social media networks in order to prevent users from becoming disrespectful may play a role in changing how users interact. "Friendly chat" is a play on a community messaging program, which allows users to address a range of topics that are totally unregulated. Once things start heating up a user may become abusive towards other users, the application can disperse the situation quickly by implementing protective measures to stop the abusive user in his tracks. Abuse is however not the only type of "toxic" material to which a user is exposed when communicating with other users. Hatred of identification, intimidation, and other forms of obscenity may also become a part of the discussion. To identify a post as toxic, we need to refer to a reference, using the "toxic comment" dataset consisting of a large number of Wikipedia comments which have been rated by human critics who classify the comment to fall under one or more of the above-mentioned categories. Integrate this model in the real time data that we receive from “Friendly Chat” to classify a user into one or more of these categories. Use techniques of classification and machine learning such as Naïve Bayes, LSTM and Binary relevance and chain classifiers models. Our application’s capable of detecting abusive users.
RBJ25 cryptography algorithm for securing big data
Authors: Rajaprakash S , Bagath Basha C , Muthuselvan S , Jaisankar N , Singh Ravi Pratap
Published: December 2020

Cryptography is essential tool to protect data, information in computing system. In worldwide, billions of people using this cryptography methods in daily basis because It used the protect data. By and large the size of information imparted in web applications is developing and is in Peta-bytes and Exa-bytes. The customary security frameworks can't give successful insurance and confirmation to these sorts of informational collections. To over this issue in this work we have proposed a new cryptography algorithm RBJ25 with the matrix order N. This proposed algorithm contains three parts. In the first part based on the column operation of the matrix. In the second part secrete key generation and in the last part has five sub part to protect the information which will be discuss in detail in implementation part. Similarly in the decryption has three reverse parts. Finally, this algorithm is implemented and compared with traditional algorithms like AES and ChaCha20.
Compact slotted multiband patch antenna with defected ground structure for wireless communication
Authors: Guruva Reddy A , Madhavi M , Rakesh Kumar P
Published: December 2020

A novel compact Slotted Microstrip patch antenna with Defected Ground structure (DGS) operating for Wireless and satellite communication applications is proposed and investigated. This proposed antenna generates six different resonances operate at 3.3 GHz (WLAN), 5.1 GHz (WiMAX), 5.9 GHz(Satellite Application), 7.12 GHz(Earth Exploitation Satellite), 10.4 GHz(Mobile & fixed Radio location) and 13.1 GHz(Satellite Application) while maintaining overall compact size of 32x32x1.6 mm3 using a FR-4 substrate commonly available with a permittivity of er = 4.4. The proposed microstrip Patch Antenna (MSPA) consists of a square radiator in which a Log Periodic slot is etched out along with square defects on ground surface and a Microstrip feedline. The slotted patch with DGS modifies the total current path there by making the antenna to operate at six useful bands. The structure shows the impedance bandwidth of3%, 3.3%, 5.2%, 14.7%, 5.6% and 9% with gains 3dB, 3.8dB, 2dB, 1.8dB, 3.1dB and 4.82dB respectively. The antenna performance is analyzed using various s parametric optimization studies, field distributions and currents. Excellent agreement is obtained between measured and simulated results.
Ensemble Method to classify multi class with concept drift
Authors: Vasantha Kokilam K , Ponmary Pushpa Latha D
Published: December 2020

Real world scenarios is expected to have more number of classes, evolution of new class, change in concept, different distribution of data etc., This paper focus on the joint problem of multi class imbalance problem and different types of concept drift detection. The proposed work Enhanced Concept drift based Resampling ensemble (ECDRE) algorithm addresses the combined issues of Multi Class Imbalance problem with different types of Concept Drifts using the Ensemble Relearning Model. In this framework, EMUOB and EMOOB algorithm helps to re-balance the multi class distribution of the latest block. Window based strategy is used to classify the multi class imbalance dataset with different types of drifts. A group of classifiers form an ensemble and members belonging to the ensembles are updated frequently, where weights are calculated to emphasis misclassification cost. Meanwhile, ECDRE is swiftly adaptable to new conditions. Observed studies proof that ECDRE algorithm is more effective for learning non-stationary environment which suffers from multi class imbalance with different types of concept drift. CDRE algorithm was implemented to deal with multi-class problem and concept drift, but it is not much efficient to handle all types of concept drift. Even in situations of Data Streams which suffer from drifts such as real, virtual and recurring types, ECDRE works well and shows overall better results of above 80% accuracy.
A survey on UFMC filter designs for 5G M2M
Authors: Nagarajan N R , Maheswari M
Published: December 2020

As of now, the 5G attempts to address the current OFDM-based LTE issues, for example, Bit Error Rate (BER), Spectral Loss, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Symbol Error Rate (SER) and high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Universal-filtered multi-carrier (UFMC) method can be measured as an up-and-comer waveform for 5G correspondences since it gives advantages by minimizing the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter Carrier Interference (ICI) reasonable for low-idleness situations. There are various filters for designing an UFMC which suits for a 5G application. This survey is carried out because of the Industrial 4.0 revolutionary is going on at a higher phase for which Machine to Machine (M2M) communication is widely required for suitability and reliability leading to the 5G requirement for high speed data transfer with appropriate filter design.
Study on optimization of handoff process using fuzzy logic for mobile communication
Authors: Sreejith Shwetha , Rajak Abdul
Published: December 2020

This work gives a brief overview of handoff technology and how it is useful in the field of cellular communication. The work touches upon the differences and similarities between soft and hard handover. It also looks into how handoff algorithms can be optimized using fuzzy logic technology, and the various advantages of such an optimization over conventional methods of handover.
A survey of nature-inspired algorithm for partitional data clustering
Authors: Suresh Babu S , Jayasudha K
Published: December 2020

The aim of the clustering is representing the huge amount of data objects by a smaller number of clusters or groups based on similarity. It is a task of good data analysis tool that required a rapid and precise partitioning the vast amount of data sets. The clustering problem is bring simplicity in modelling data and plays major role in the process of data mining and knowledge discovery. In the early stage, there are many conventional algorithm are used to solve the problem of data clustering. But, those conventional algorithms do not meet the requirement of clustering problem. Hence, the nature-inspired based approaches have been applied to fulfil the requirements data clustering problem and it can manage the shortcoming of conventional data clustering algorithm. This present paper is conducting a comprehensive review about the data clustering problem, discussed some of the machine learning datasets and performance metrics. This survey paper can helps to researcher in to the next steps in future.
Machinability improvement of Inconel 718 during heat treatment - A review
Authors: Sanap V G , Shinde V D
Published: December 2020

The requirement for high strength and heat resistant materials is growing especially in aerospace applications. However, due to mechanical properties such as high wear resistance, resistance to abrasion, and low thermal conductivity, these materials are often difficult to machine, which makes cutting forces and cutting temperatures too high and leads to short tool life. Differences in material microstructures due to differences in chemical composition, casting, and foraging techniques and heat treatment may lead to variations in machinability. Different types of heat treatment are performed on the alloy Inconel 718. The alloy is characterized by the austenite matrix with a unique microstructure, which includes the matrix γ, sediment, y', γ”, 5 and carbide. The use of annealing process at different heating temperatures and rates of cooling enhances easy turning and longer tool life. In annealing, metal is heated above the critical temperature and cooled slowly in a medium over some time. Adhesion and hardness properties of the alloy cause short tool life. Elemental distribution, grain morphology, and texture of the built material are carefully evaluated using various material properties methods including TEM, SEM, EDS, and OM. Reviewed.
ANALYSIS AND REDUCTION OF HEAT TRANSFER IN A FURNACE OF REFINERY
Authors: Gunasekaran N , Shanmugaraja M , Bharathwaaj R , Shilpha Dharshini J , Vivishnu Kumar M , Yogesh Kumar P S
Published: December 2020

The primary goal of this work is to examine the current materials for insulation utilized in the furnace of a refinery unit and to limit the waste heat dissipation through the radiant wall subbing with legitimate insulation materials. There are some exceptional materials whose properties are appropriate for reducing the heat loss in the furnace walls which could clearly decrease the heat loss through the radiant walls. By critical examination of these materials, the external temperature of the furnace is determined to prove that these materials can be utilized as substitution to those of the standard insulation materials.
Design and analysis of engine mount for biodegradable and non-biodegradable damping materials
Authors: Kumar Akshay , Kiran A R , Hombalmath Mahesh , Mathad Manoj , Rane Siddhi S , Patil Arun Y , Kotturshettar B B
Published: December 2020

In the present automotive world high importance is given to the comfort and safety of the passenger. The comfort to the passenger signifies many terms such as the seating structure, leg space, air conditioning etc. The most important thing is that all the vehicles are subjected to vibrations such as from the engine or from external factors. The vibrations produced from the engine are transferred to the entire vehicle structure and this is reduced by placing engine mounts between the engine and the chassis. Designing the proper type of mount holds the key for effective reduction of vibrations. In this article a new design of the engine mount is proposed and taken into finite element analysis. Also, material for the mounts are considered to play a vital role. In this along with two regular materials, a biodegradable material is also used for the dampers. More importance is given to the frequency response of the mount for different materials and the finite element analysis is performed for a four-cylinder inline engine with two mounts on either side.
Optimization of thermal barrier coatings in a single cylinder diesel engine using thermal analysis and genetic algorithm
Authors: Sankar Vishnu , Gireeshkumaran Thampi B S , Radhakrishna Panicker M R
Published: December 2020

A significant portion of the energy produced by combustion inside an engine is rejected as heat. Though it is impossible to prevent heat rejection, reducing the amount of heat rejected will help to increase the useful energy. Low heat rejection engine is a solution to these problems as they supply designers with insulation properties. In the design of adiabatic engines, reducing heat rejection in cylinder requires the use of special type of insulation often referred to as thermal barrier coatings in the combustion chamber of the engine. This insulation especially on engine piston is considered as a solution for the reduction of unburned HC emissions caused by incomplete combustion with respect to crevice volume when engines start. The insulation layer in effect reduces the thermal conductivity and raises the oxidation of the unburned charge such that the metallic substrates are exposed to lower peak temperatures, thus reducing the thermal stress in engine components. In this work piston is modelled using CATIA V5R16. For analyzing the effects of insulation layer on the piston, thermal analysis is conducted using finite element method in ANSYS after applying thermal boundary conditions. By changing the coating thickness and performing thermal analysis on each coating thickness followed by the use of mathematical operations enables the optimization of piston coating thickness. This optimized coating thickness is validated using Genetic Algorithm.
Comparison of various approaches to pipe-pile capacity control for offshore wind turbines
Authors: Baca Michał
Published: December 2020

Tubular pipe piles have a wide application in geotechnical engineering, for example as foundation structures in rivers, lakes and for offshore structures. For assessment of pipe pile bearing capacity the static load test is often used due to its commonly consideration as the most reliable method of pile testing. Nevertheless, because of high costs of the test and difficulties with appropriate construction of kentledge system, the application of static load test is often limited. The great supplement to obtain information on pile’s capacity are tests conducted on model piles in small laboratory scale. In this paper, results of static load test conducted on small scale tubular model pipe pipes installed in non-cohesive homogenous soil are introduced. The installation process, pile testing procedure and equipment applied for continuous load and model pile head displacement measurement are presented. The results of tests are shown in load-displacement charts. For load-displacement curve construction and pile bearing capacity estimation from static load test several different method are introduced with their application to performed tests and discussion of the results. Finally, future research plans are proposed.
Recent aerodynamic performance evaluation of commercial and non-commercial vehicles
Authors: Saxena Shreyash , Mahesha G T , Srinivas G
Published: December 2020

The effect of aerodynamics of commercial and non-commercial are analyzed in this study and after analyzing it is founded that many researchers have not attempted much on the comparative study on two different types of commercial and non-commercial vehicle having a same turbulence model. Secondly, there is lack of numerical three dimensional aerodynamic flow analysis in the case of both commercial and non-commercial vehicles. Hence, there is requirement for numerically analyzing two commercial and non-commercial vehicles having the same turbulence model to better understand the aerodynamics of both commercial and non-commercial vehicles.
On the climatology of storm cyclones entering European Russia
Authors: Viazilova N A , Viazilov A E
Published: December 2020

The goal of this study is to show all tracks of cyclones and the tracks of storm cyclones with moderate and severe storm wind entering European Russia (ER) from regions of different genesis. NCEP/NCAR DOE reanalysis data from 1979 to 2018 are used in the study. The storm tracks are calculated with an automated cyclone detection/tracking algorithm based on a 6-hourly MSLP. A significant part of the moderate and severe storms enters European Russia from the North and Baltic Seas, most of them are accompanied by an extreme sea level pressure. The maximum severe storm wind density in the western and central part of ER, both in winter and in summer, half of the year, is associated with cyclones from the Baltic Sea genesis region. The Mediterranean storm cyclones affect the Black Sea region and the south-east region of ER. Only about 57% of the Mediterranean storms entering ER are accompanied by an extreme sea level pressure. The cyclone center density and severe wind density patterns show that the position of the storm wind is shifted to south from the regions of cyclone centers. This feature is characteristic for all cyclone genesis groups, both in winter and summer, half of the year.
Numerical simulation of particle transport in the urban boundary layer with implications for SARS-CoV-2 virion distribution
Authors: Varentsov A I , Stepanenko V M , Mortikov E V , Konstantinov P I
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a description, verification, and application of a model simulating the transport of aerosol particles with different properties in the urban boundary layer by using a Lagrangian approach. The model takes input fields of air flow characteristics from arbitrary external models or analytical solutions and allows estimating the movement, sedimentation, and decay of particles. In this paper, the accuracy of the model is successfully estimated on the basis of exact analytical solutions. Simulations are made for a series of urban canyons under different conditions of stratification and wind speed to assess the effects of these meteorological parameters on particle transport in urban areas. Under similar conditions, the transport of particles simulating SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus particles is calculated.
Stem growth and stem sap flow measurements of three conifer tree species in Siberia
Authors: Rubtsov Alexey , Arzac Alberto , Knorre Anastasia , Shashkin Alexander , Benkova Vera , Vaganov Eugene
Published: December 2020

This work is targeted to evaluate the reaction of individual trees against periodic and punctual environmental stressing events with a network of long-term monitoring of tree water/growth-related processes in various geographic and climatic areas. Instrumental measurements of stem circumferential/radial size changes(dRc/dR)using band/point dendrometers and stem sap flow rates (Q) using a trunk segment heat balance method in Scots pine, Siberian larch, and Dahurian larch trees have been carried out at three research sites in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. Analysis of perennialdRc/dRand seasonalQdata obtained in 2015-2019 allows us to characterize the seasonality and features of the tree stem growth and stem water transport rates specific for each of the studied conifer species and on different temporal scales (diurnal, inter/intra-seasonal, and annual). The archived in-situ data are used to verify the efficiency of some process-based BS-and stochastic VS-tree growth and phenology models for Siberian larch and Scots pine trees. The results have confirmed the realistic nature of the simulation and have shown certain drawbacks of these models.
Influence of vegetation cover on the temperature dynamics of sandy soil
Authors: Shuklina E S , Voropay N N
Published: December 2020

To study the temperature regime of soils, an autonomous atmospheric-soil temperature complex is used. The complex is installed at three sites with sandy soil and various kinds of vegetation cover: burnt areas, pine forest, and open sand. Observations are made from October 13, 2011 to August 16, 2019 in a soil profile from the surface to the 320 cm depth. An analysis of the temperature regime of sandy soil reveals main similarities and differences between the three sites with different types of vegetation cover. In summer, the sites with pine forest and burnt areas of pine forest warm up less intensively than the site with open sand. Due to the greater openness, this site is the warmest during the warm period. In winter, pine forest, due to its high vegetation, is a barrier to wind, reducing snow blowing, and prevents the radiation cooling of the surface. To a slightly lesser extent, these functions are performed by loose vegetation in the burnt areas. The influence of vegetation under different weather conditions (clear sky/overcast) is considered. Cloud cover, as well as vegetation, helps to reduce the variability of soil temperature. The results of the study show that after forest fire restoration of vegetation cover naturally contributes to the partial restoration of the soil temperature regime.
Pollen in winter precipitation in the south of Western Siberia
Authors: Kuryatnikova N A , Malygina N S , Mitrofanova E Yu
Published: December 2020

The results of a microscopic analysis of 39 samples of (snow) precipitation taken in the steppe zone of the south of Western Siberia during the cold period of 2019/20 are presented. The samples contain pollen grains of woody (Betula sp., Pinus sp.) and herbaceous taxa (Artemisia sp., families Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae). The herbaceous samples predominate in the spectrum-51%. To determine the areas of pollen grain arrival, the frequency back trajectories of the air masses are calculated with the HYSPLIT model for the atmospheric boundary layer during 120 hours. Analysis of pressure topography maps, maps of distributions of snow cover, average velocities and wind directions has made it possible to identify the areas of arrival of the pollen grains. The area of arrival of Artemisia sp. is the territory of the Turan Plain.
An empirical method for the prediction of extreme low winter sea ice extent in the Barents Sea
Authors: Cherenkova E A , Semenov V A , Titkova T B
Published: December 2020

This study addresses a possibility to use surface air temperature (SAT) of the Northern Hemisphere as a potential predictor for winter sea ice concentration (SIC) in the Barents Sea. The areas of most significant correlation between the leading modes of joint variability of the observed SIC in January-March and the SAT in the autumn, winter, and spring months in the 1979-2019 period are determined using a method of singular value decomposition (SVD) of covariance matrices. An analysis of the structure of this linkage has shown its robustness for SIC in the Barents Sea. The most strongly related areas are found in the first leading mode of the SVD analysis of the SIC in January-March and the SAT in November-January. The first SVD-mode explains in total 55% of covariation of both parameters. It has been revealed that the January-March SIC in the northern part of the Barents Sea is strongly correlated with the November-January SAT in Scandinavia and over the Barents Sea (the correlation coefficient is -0.8). The relationship between the SIC and SAT in key areas has allowed obtaining estimates of SIC in the northern part of the Barents Sea in the 21stcentury from an ensemble of 30 CMIP5 GCMs by using models’ SAT data. It has been found that the RCP 4.5 scenario results in a strong reduction in the sea ice in the northern part of the Barents Sea by 2041-2050. At the same time, no complete disappearance of sea ice is expected until the end of the century. According to the aggressive scenario RCP 8.5, almost free-ice Barents Sea is expected by the middle of the 21stcentury.
Wave Characteristics in Natuna Waters during Typhoon Hagibis Event
Authors: Ardiansyah I , Ningsih N S , Rachmayani R
Published: December 2020

Significant Wave Height (SWH) in Natuna Waters (NW) has been simulated during Typhoon Hagibis (TH) event in the periods of 20th – 27th November 2007 in South China Sea (SCS) by using Simulating WAve Nearshore (SWAN) model with 1/24° spatial resolution. The 1/4° wind data obtained from Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform (CCMP) and 1/120° bathymetry data derived from General Bathymetry Chart of the Ocean (GEBCO) were used as model input. The open boundary values for SWAN simulation were obtained from WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) results provided by Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency (BIG). In this current study, it was found that the TH had an impact on swell propagation from the SCS to the NW. The model results showed that SWH in the NW during peak phase of the TH (22nd 23rd November 2007) varied between 0.8 – 3.5 m. There were 6 observation points in the study area to investigate SWH variation from 22nd October – 22nd December 2007. Based on the results, the northern part of the Natuna, Subi Besar and Anambas Islands are showed in Point 1 (P1), Point 3 (P3) and Point 5 (P5), respectively. Meanwhile, the southern part of the Natuna, Subi Besar, and Anambas Islands are showed in Point 2 (P2), Point 4 (P4) and Point 6 (P6). TH in the peak phase generates the SWH at P1, P3, and P5 of about 0.6 – 2.5 m and generates the SWH at P2, P4, and P6 of about 0. 5 – 1.6 m.
Study of Debris Movement in South and West Coast of Sumatra and Java and Its Impact on Bali Strait During Western Monsoon
Authors: Maharta I P R F , Radjawane I M , Hendrawan I G
Published: December 2020

Bali Strait is one of the most unique and important water areas, especially for the coastal communities of Banyuwangi and Jembrana up to Badung Regency. The Bali Strait hasSardinella lemurufish resources where it is widely exploited and is the main livelihood income of the coastal communities. In recent years, the quality ofSardinella lemurufish has begun to decline due to contamination of microscopic plastic debris in the Bali Strait during western monsoon. Many previous researches have carried out the movement of debris in the Bali Strait using numerical model to find out the source and location of the marine debris, however it only carried out local simulations within the Bali Strait. This study aims to determine the movement of debris that reaches the Bali Strait assuming debris originates from coastal areas on south and west coast of Sumatra and Java during the western monsoon (December 2018 - February 2019). The Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) model is used to obtain circulation of current patterns and debris particles movement patterns using the Lagrangian Particle Tracking module. The verification result of the model current pattern and field data using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) equation. In theuvelocity component the RMSE value is 0.014 m/s with a correlation of 0.968 and thevvelocity component is 0.011 m/s with a correlation of 0.945. In general, the current pattern in the waters of southern of Sumatra Island to Java Island in the dominant western monsoon moves eastward due to the influence of western monsoon. The simulation results show particles that reached the Bali Strait as much as 3.47% originating only from the coastal waters of East Java.
The Changes in Oceanographic Condition of Makassar Strait Related with El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Events of 2009 - 2019
Authors: Anugrah N. N. , Samad W. , Berlianty D.
Published: December 2020

The Makassar Strait is one of the main gates of the Indonesian Through Flow (ITF) which carries out water masses from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean through Makassar Strait, Indonesia. The Makassar Strait is thought to be one of the waters affected by the ENSO phenomenon. This study aims to determine changes in sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a content, wind speed and direction and salinity content, as well as to see the upwelling potential in the Makassar Strait waters during the ENSO event from 2009-2019. The data used are sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity, surface current velocity and direction, surface wind speed and direction as well as surface chlorophyll-a obtained from Climate Prediction Centre (NOAA). Based on Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) data, during 2009 - 2019 there were 3 times the ENSO phenomena occurred. The results of the study stated that in each of the ENSO phases fluctuations occurred at sea surface temperature, surface chlorophyll-a, surface salinity, as well as wind speed and direction and sea surface currents. During the ENSO phase, it is suspected that there is potentially area of upwelling in the Makassar Strait. This study highlights that ENSO event could be a reference for determining the location of sustainable fishing.
Coral Sr/Ca-based sea surface temperature variability at Seribu and Timor islands waters
Authors: Cahyarini S Y , Hendrizan M , Utami D A , Blume A
Published: December 2020

Climate phenomena which is happened in the Pacific and Indian oceans i.e. El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) influence Indonesian climate. To understand behaviour of climate phenomena and its impact to Indonesian climate it is required paleoclimate data which provide long time series climate data back to hundred till thousands year. Sea surface temperature (SST) is one of important climate parameter. Coral Sr/Ca is convinced as coral paleo-thermometer. In this study, the available coral Sr/Ca is used to reconstruct past SST variability (Coral SST). Univariate linear regression between coral Sr/Ca and SST is used to reconstruct past SST variability. To understand how the climate phenomena influence the SST variability, the coral Sr/Ca is correlated with the Nino 3.4 and IOD indices. The result shows that the influence of IOD and ENSO is difference between sites. At Seribu island coral SST shows that SST is influenced by IOD rather than ENSO, while from Timor coral SST shows that Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and ENSO influences SST.
A Lagrangian study of upwelled waters in the Northern Arafura Sea
Authors: Nurfitri S , Basit A , Putri M R , Pätsch J , Pohlmann T
Published: December 2020

The Arafura Sea is a relatively shallow water basin (less than 200 m) which is subjected to monsoonal winds and affected by the Banda Sea circulation. During the southeast monsoon (May to September) there is evidence of upwelling in this region which is indicated by the cooler SST (Sea Surface Temperature) and elevated chlorophyll concentration, especially at the coast of Papua (northern Arafura Sea). In order to address the origin of the upwelled waters masses, a numerical study using Lagrangian particles was utilized. The model was run backward in time to trace the trajectory of the particles arriving at the northern Arafura Sea, particularly in the upper 50 meters. Each particle was traced backward for three months with the arrival date August 31, 2014, as it is representative for an upwelling month. By this experiment we can identify the origin of the particles on June 1, including their depth, which arrive in the northern Arafura Sea. The daily velocity fields of the 3-D model HAMSOM (HAMburg Shelf Ocean Model) application to the Banda and Arafura Sea for 2014 were used to force the Lagrangian particle-tracking experiment. In general, 76.2% (62%) of particles arriving in 2.5 m (22.5 m) depth, originated from the upper 50 m of the Ceram and Banda Sea. In addition, particles originating from the depth interval 50-100 m contribute 19.6% (26.8%) to the number of particles arriving in 2.5 m (22.5 m) depth. On the other hand, for particles arriving in 47.5 meter depth 46% are originating from the upper 50 m of the southeastern Arafura Sea and 42% from a depth below 100 m of the eastern Banda Sea.
Analysis of tsunami hazard in the Southern Coast of West Java Province - Indonesia
Authors: Windupranata W , Hanifa N R , Nusantara C A D S , Aristawati G , Arifianto M R
Published: December 2020

The Southern Coast of West Java Province in the Java Islands is one of prone and exposed area to tsunami hazard. It has about 428 kilometers coastline length, covering 5 administrational regencies (i.e. Sukabumi, Cianjur, Garut, Tasikmalaya, and Pangandaran). It is a strategic area that support many economic activities including tourism, fisheries, electricity power plants, agricultures, markets as well as social factors such as coastal villages, schools and other public facilities. The existence of this strategic area is threatened by the potential for a tsunami disaster mainly from megathrust along the Southern Coast of Java Island. On 2006, a tsunami earthquake of M7.7 occurred off Pangandaran Regency with tsunami height of 5-8 meters and inundated about 500 meters along southern coast of West and Central Java Province. The tsunami caused more than 600 casualties and damage to buildings, public facilities and insfrastructure. Yet, the Indonesia National Earthquake Source and Hazard Map suggest a bigger threat of a plausible M8.7 – M9.2 megathrust earthquake off Java island. This research aims to analyze and map potential areas affected by the tsunami in the South Coast of West Java Province based on numerical modelling carried out with Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami Model (COMCOT) v1.7 based on the several megathrust earthquake scenarios in southern off West Java. The results of tsunami modelling show that the highest impact is generated in the Sunda Straits & West Java - Central Java Megathrust Scenarios with highest tsunami inundation and the fastest travel time occurred in Cianjur Regency with 26,7 meters height and estimated arrival time of tsunami wave approximately 10 minutes after the mainshock, while the farthest inundation distance is estimated in Sukabumi Regency about 5.8 kilometers from the coast due to existence of river.
A Comparative Analysis to Model Bathymetry using Multi-sensor Satellite Imageries
Authors: Hartanto Prayudha , Lumban-Gaol Yustisi , Dewi Ratna Sari
Published: December 2020

Accurate and high-resolution water depth information are important for wide range of coastal research and monitoring. In this case, providing an accurate bathymetric map is a major challenge for remote sensing. This study developed and evaluated a semi-parametric regression to extract depth information using various image datasets (Landsat 8, Sentinel 2A and Worldview 2). We compared the ability of these imageries to map depth information using generalized additive model (GAM). GAM is a semi-parametric generalized linear model which allow for nonlinear relationships between covariates and the target variable. We used the Morotai shallow water area in Indonesia to apply GAM in deriving depth information. We found that higher image spatial resolution results in higher mapping accuracies. This study highlights the potential of selected images and mapping techniques for deriving bathymetric data.
Assessment of tunicate distribution and Polycarpa sp. tunic color variation in the Ambon Island waters
Authors: Ruli Fismatman , Tapilatu Yosmina
Published: December 2020

Updated information regarding tunicates distribution and diversity in the waters around Ambon Island is scarce if any. We carried out an assessment using the underwater census approach in June 2018 to obtain the said information. Tunicates’ composition and distribution were described based on six sampling station observations. Their average density in five of six stations was less than one individual per meter square. Predominant genera observed were Didemnum and Polycarpa. Tunicates belonging to Polycarpa sp. had 12 color variations on its tunic. Those sampled in Hitu had the most variations (8 variants) compared to all the other four stations. Didemnum sp. was highly abundant in three stations (Morella, Hitu, and Larike). Those identified as Polycarpa sp. were predominant only in two stations (Mamala and Wakal). Further studies are needed to investigate the anthropogenic pressure effect on these tunicates, as they were known as biomarkers in ecotoxicological studies.
Research on Smart Energy System Technology Based on Cloud Computing Platform
Authors: Xiao Jing , Liu Wei , Zhao MingXin , Zhang Wei , Xu Ruobing
Published: December 2020

Based on the social and economic development, environmental protection needs, industrial policies and other smart energy systems have brought a new round of great changes compared with the traditional energy structure. Now the development of information technology provides a strong technical support for the transformation and upgrading of traditional energy to smart energy. This paper combines cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other emerging technologies to enable the traditional energy system, a smart energy system architecture based on cloud computing platform is proposed, which connects the bottom layer to the top layer of the energy system, and realizes the comprehensive integration of physical energy flow, information flow and value flow of smart energy.
Application Research on deep recovery and utilization technology of flue gas waste heat of coal water slurry boiler
Authors: Zhang Tong , Zhang Xianchen
Published: December 2020

Coal water slurry boiler has attracted great attention in the field of urban heat system because of its efficient and clean coal combustion. The coal water slurry contains 35% moisture, which makes the waste heat recovery potential of flue gas greater. After the combustion of coal water slurry, the 100°Cunsaturated flue gas becomes 50°C saturated wet flue gas after Wet Desulfurization Process. The Direct Contact Thermal Storage System and Heat Pump technology are used to realize the deep recovery of low-temperature flue gas. The technology has been successfully applied in the 6×70MW coal water slurry boiler of La Shan Heat Source Company. After 120 days of operation, 393000 GJ of flue gas waste heat is recovered, about 23000 tons of coal water slurry is replaced, and 84000 tons of flue gas condensate is recovered. It has good economic and social utility. It is an effective way to recover and utilize waste heat from flue gas of coal-fired boiler, and has a broad application prospect.
Research On Development Mechanism Of New Energy Vehicle Enterprises Based on Open Source Innovation Model
Authors: jie Zhang
Published: December 2020

This paper analyzes the feasibility of implementing open source innovation mechanism and the path of realizing open source innovation in new energy vehicle enterprises. Based on the main features of open source innovation and characteristics of electric vehicle products, combining the product type of electric vehicle and the process of product innovation, we applies the principle of technological innovation management to design the operation mechanism and conceptual model of different authorization protocols with the elements of innovation object, operation mechanism and innovation performance.