bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The value relevance of environmental emissions
Authors: Nelwan Melinda Lydia
Published: October 2016

This study examines whether environmental performance has value relevance by investigating the relations between environmental emissions and stock prices for the U.S. public companies. The previous studies argued that the conjectured relations between accounting performance measures and environmental performance do not have a strong theoretical basis, and the modeling of relations between market per-formance measures and environmental performance do not adequately consider the relevance of accounting performance to market value. Therefore, this study examines whether publicly reported environmental emissions provide incremental information to accounting earnings in pricing companies stocks. It is done among the complete set of industries covered by Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) reporting for the period 2007 to 2010. Using Ohlson model but modified to include different types of emis-sions, it is found that ground emissions (underground injection and land emissions) are value relevant but other emission types (air and water and transferred-out emis-sions) appear to not provide incremental information in the valuation model. The result in this study raise concerns that different types of emissions are assessed differently by the market, confirming that studies should not aggregate such measures.
Increased productivity and technical efficiency of rice farming with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method in Purworejo District, Central Java
Authors: Maridjo Herry , Mudayen Y MV , Prihantoro A Tri
Published: October 2016

This study aims to determine whether there is a significant difference in productivity between organic and inorganic rice farming, whether there is a significant difference in technical efficiency between organic nd inorganic rice farming, and whether fertilizer costs, labor costs, arable land area, and the length of the use of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) have a significant effect on the organic rice production. The target of this research is the improvement of economic efficiency and organic rice farming productivity in Purworejo District, Central Java. To achieve this target, this study used SRI method. The population was all farmers of inorganic and organic rice farming in Purworejo District. The samples consist of 45 people from organic rice farmers and 45 people from inorganic rice farmers in Ringgit Village, Purworejo. They were collected by random sampling and the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis. Descriptive analysis was done by comparing all necesary activities in both organic and inorganic rice farming. The descriptive analysis concludes that there is a difference in terms of the selection of seeds, seedlings, seed treatment before sowing, planting and watering, fertilizing, weeding and pest control. Quantitative analysis is done using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and multiple linear regeresi. The quantitative analysis concludes that there is a significant difference in productivity between organic rice farming and inorganic rice farming. There is a significant difference in technical efficiency between organic rice farming and inorganic rice farming. Fertilizer costs, labor costs, arable land area, and the length of the use of SRI method have a significant effect on the organic rice production.
The mediating effect of life complexity and dynamic, and work-life conflict on the effect of motivation on continuance commitment and quality of life of female factory workers in Jabodetabek
Authors: Purba Sylvia Diana , Winstinindah Christine Winstinindah
Published: October 2016

Motivation arising due to the need can be a factor that increases continuance com-mitment to an organization, which is expected to have an effect on the improvement of the quality of life. This research was conducted on 126 female factory workers who are already married and have children. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of life complexity and dynamic and work-life conflict on the effect of commit-ment on continuance commitment and quality of life of the respondents. The results could not prove the significant influence of motivation on the quality of life, either directly or through the mediation of life complexity and dynamic, work life conflict and continuance commitment. Despite a high-perceived value, motivation has no significant positive effect on the quality of life of female factory workers. Other re-sults found in this study show the direct influence of motivation in improving con-tinuance commitment, in which the influence is significant and strong. Meanwhile, life complexity, dynamics, and work-life conflict, as the mediating factors, also have significantly and positively weak influence.
Analysis of financial soundness of manufacturing companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Hidayat Widi
Published: October 2016

This study aims to provide information to the issuer and Bapepam and Indonesian Institute of Accountants with additional important information content of ratings and financial soundness of the indicators that do not harm investors. This is an explanatory and descriptive nature of causality using quantitative methods, using all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (ISE) taken as the sample. The data were analyzed using discriminant statistical analysis tools are processed with SPSS. The results showed that the level of financial soundness of the manufacturing industries listed on the ISE such as 23 (62%) Companies Current Asset Growth (CAG) is low as well as Fixed Asset growth (FAG) 28 (76%) companies is still low, Equity Growth (EqG) by 27 (73%) the company, Revenue growth (RG) 27 (65%) companies and Net Income Growth (NIG) 35 (95%) firms. Two manufacturing companies have a very high NIG, thus, NIG average is very high. The seven models of financial soundness were tested based on the growth of corporate finance such as CAG, FAG, LG, EqG, RG, ExG and NIG. Only one model is not significant, the model RG, while the other model is a significant, with a significant difference be-tween the growths rates of the sound and unsound corporate finances industry groups.
Recenze článku s názvom O pasivitě člověka ke světu
Authors: Škára Martin
Published: October 2016

Reviewer comments on the text from the present Envigogika issue:Svobodová, Z. (2016). On Passivity of Men towards the World.Envigogika, 11(1). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18023061.517
Comparison of the effects of difenacoum and brodifacoum on the ultrastructure of rat liver cells
Authors: Gül Nursel , Yiğit Nuri , Saygılı Fulya , Demirel Ebru , Geniş Ceren
Published: October 2016

We used transmission electron microscopy to examine the cytotoxic effects of the second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides difenacoum and brodifacoum on rat liver. A single dose of difenacoum or brodifacoum was administered to rats by gastric gavage and liver samples were taken after 24 h, four days or seven days. In the livers of rats treated with difenacoum for 24 h, hepatocytes typically showed increased numbers of lysosomes, as well as enlargement of both the perinuclear space and the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), while sinusoids were irregularly shaped and contained Kupffer cells. Similar irregularities occurred in brodifacoum-treated rats at the same time point, but additionally increased numbers of vacuoles, damaged mitochondrial cristae, and clumping of chromatin were observed in hepatocytes, and hemolysed erythrocytes were noted in the sinusoids. Comparable findings were made in each group of rats after four days. After seven days of difenacoum treatment, hepatocytes suffered loss of cytoplasmic material and mitochondrial shrinkage, while RER cisternae became discontinuous. In contrast, exposure to brodifacoum for seven days caused the formation of numerous vacuoles and lipid droplets, disordered mitochondrial morphology, chromatin clumping and invagination of the nuclear envelope in hepatocytes. Sinusoids in the livers of rodenticide-treated rats contained an accumulation of dense material, lipid droplets, cells with pycnotic nuclei and hemolysed erythrocytes. Overall, our results show that brodifacoum causes more severe effects in liver cells than difenacoum. Thus our microscopic data along with additional biochemical assays point to a severe effect of rodenticide on vertebrates.
Mutagenic and carcinogenic structural alerts and their mechanisms of action
Authors: Plošnik Alja , Vračko Marjan , Dolenc Marija Sollner
Published: October 2016

Knowing the mutagenic and carcinogenic properties of chemicals is very important for their hazard (and risk) assessment. One of the crucial events that trigger genotoxic and sometimes carcinogenic effects is the forming of adducts between chemical compounds and nucleic acids and histones. This review takes a look at the mechanisms related to specific functional groups (structural alerts or toxicophores) that may trigger genotoxic or epigenetic effects in the cells. We present up-to-date information about defined structural alerts with their mechanisms and the software based on this knowledge (QSAR models and classification schemes).
Croatian First Football League: Teams' performance in the championship
Authors: Munđar Dušan , Šimić Diana
Published: October 2016

The goal of our research was to use simulation modelling for prediction of the Croatian First Football League seasonal ranking and analyse variation in teams’ performance during a season. We have developed a model of the number of goals scored by a team in a match based on the Poisson distribution. Parameters of the model were estimated from the data on consecutive matches in a season. Variation in a team’s performance was modelled as a moving parameter estimate. The final rankings were predicted from 1000 simulation runs of the second part of the season based on parameter estimates from the first part of the season. For each team the most frequent outcome of the simulation defined the team’s rank. The method was tested on seasons 2014/15 and 2015/16. Prediction was correct for six teams in the season 2014/15 and five teams in the season 2015/16. Proposed methods enable dynamic monitoring of a team’s performance and prediction of final rankings during the season. An advantage of the prediction method is that in addition to predicting the final ranking it also estimates probabilities of alternative positions.
The role of entrepreneurship in explaining the real Gross Domestic Product per capita: Regression model selection
Authors: Harmina Anita
Published: October 2016

In this research, the impact of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity and competitiveness of the economy on the real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is analyzed in a cross-section of world economies using the methods of correlation and multiple regression analysis. In the attempt to select between the linear and the double-logarithmic model, the regression diagnostics and quality of the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables were analyzed. The functional form of the model was tested by the MacKinnon, White and Davidson test. Model selection methods regarding the comparison of coefficients of determination and the Akaike information criterion were used. The results of the analysis show that independent variables have a statistically significant impact on the real GDP per capita, and that the real GDP per capita is elastic to the changes of competitiveness but inelastic to the changes of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity.
The Concept for the Development of a Functional Area Illustrated by the Case of the Functional Area of the Oder Communes
Authors: Barska Anetta , Jędrzejczak-Gas Janina
Published: October 2016

The aim of this article is to present the essence of a functional area as a new tool of the EU regional policy and the course of designing an integrated approach to the development of the functional area. The study is a case study and relates to the methodical process of creating a development concept for the Functional Area of Oder Communes (FAOC). This article is based on the analysis of the domestic and foreign literature on regional development and own experiences and reflections of authors resulting from the work in the team for the development of a strategy for this area. The analysis of domestic and foreign literature allowed for presenting a new paradigm of the local development. The current approach is characterized by a focus on the use of endogenous potentials and territorial targeting of the development, which promotes the creation of functional and spatial structures such as functional areas. Their development requires integrated development planning that provides benefits both in the social and economic dimension. The study presents the new paradigm of the local development in the context of the National Spatial Development Concept 2030. The study presents the theoretical and practical basis for creating a concept for integrated development of a functional area.
Permanence, Adaptation or Reuse:
Transformations in the convents of the city of
Seville
Authors: Cubero Hernández Antonio , Pérez Cano María Teresa
Published: October 2016

The rich history of the city of Seville has provided
it a wide architectural heritage, which is necessary
to preserve. In the early twentieth century, Spain began
to express concern about the preservation of its historical
legacy, trying to protect historical and artistic monuments.
However, it was not until the arrival of the democratic political
system that this awareness of preservation took true
precedence over other matters.
In this temporal context, the young Andalusian Government
was looking for definitive venues for the new institutions,
with the target of the upcoming Universal Exhibition
of Seville in 1992. The recognized architect Guillermo
Vázquez Consuegra was commissioned to study a range of
buildings in the city susceptible of hosting new uses, published
in the book “Cien Edificios de Sevilla, susceptibles de
reutilización para usos institucionales”. This work has become
a reference catalogue of Sevillian-built heritage.
Looking at the one hundred (100) buildings studied there,
all of a certain scale in the city, 18 are convents or exconvents.
This paper will try to find out the destiny of these
buildings themselves as monastic heritage, but also in relationship
to other types of heritages.
Modeling the spread of harmful substances in the
atmosphere at a variable velocity profile
Authors: Aydosov Allayarbek , Urmashev Baidaulet , Zaurbekova Gulzat
Published: October 2016

This study developed a mathematical model for
the dispersion and transportation of pollutants in the atmosphere.
The problem associated with the spread of
monodisperse passive tracer from an instantaneous point
source in the atmosphere assuming a partial absorption of
surface impurities is solved. One version of the computational
algorithm and a theoretical justification, is that, the
applicability of numerical methods for computational experiment
is developed. These results are consistent with
the physical laws of the section under consideration.
Simulation modeling of the spread of harmful
emissions into the atmosphere on the basis of
geographic information system (GIS) of
monitoring environmental condition of a
megalopolis
Authors: Bissarinova Aigul , Mamyrova Aisha , Tussupova Bella , Balgabayeva Lyazzat , Mamyrbayev Orken
Published: October 2016

In this paper, a methodology of geoinformation
approach to mapping of atmospheric pollution of the air
basin of Almaty city is developed. The proposed method
of presenting data on pollution in form of an algorithm allows
building a map of contamination of the surface layer
of the atmosphere closest to the actually observed one. Designed
object-oriented method of presentation of environmental
pollution in the form of dynamic GIS models can
be used when modeling the ecological status of any area,
megalopolis, i.e. where spatial data, distributed in time, is
used.
Porous Silicon as a Sensitizer for Biomedical
Applications
Authors: Osminkina Liubov A. , Timoshenko Victor Yu.
Published: October 2016

Porous silicon (PSi) can activate (sensitize) biochemical
reactions and physical processes of the energy
dissipation under excitation (stimulus) by light illumination,
ultrasound (US), and electromagnetic radiofrequency
(RF) irradiation. Photosensitized biochemical
effects of PSi layers and nanoparticles (NPs)were explored
in numerous physical studies and biomedical experiments
in vitro. The photothermal sensitizing with mesoporous
PSi NPs was demonstrated to be efficient for the hyperthermia
of cancer cells and tumors in small animal models.
The sonosensitizing properties of bare PSi NPs and
dextran-coated ones were revealed by both the physical
studies and biomedical experiments, which indicated a
good prospect for their applications in sonodynamic therapy
of cancer. RF-induced hyperthermia sensitized by PSi
NPs has been successfully used to destroy cancer cells and
tumors in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Here, we review
the results on the preparation, physical properties, and applications
of PSi NPs as sensitizers for mild therapy of cancer.
Recognition and Ecological Theology
Authors: Pihkala Panu
Published: October 2016

This article explores the possibilities offered by theories of recognition and identity politics
for a better understanding of religious – in this case, Christian – environmentalism. Insights related to
recognition are gleaned from literature in ecological theology. Themes for further research and possibilities
for practical adaptation are explored. It is argued that theories of recognition help to understand the
dynamics related to processes where a certain group asks for more recognition of nature. Identity questions
and developments in environmentalism are clarified by an understanding of what happens when partial
recognition is granted. The role of mutuality as a basis for recognition is widened by Arto Laitinen’s
proposal for recognition as “adequate regard” for something, i.e. for an ecosystem. The complex relations
between humans and non-human nature are explored through such themes as reciprocity and the question
of “voices” of nature. Creaturely difference and the role of seeing a “face” in nature are discussed in relation
to recognition. The significance of place and environmental conditions for recognition are probed. Special
attention is given to Andrew Dobson’s application of Nancy Frazer’s theory of transformative recognition to
environmental matters, which offers new ways of understanding the role of non-human nature in politics,
ethics and discussions on justice.
False Consciousness and the Socially Extended Mind
Authors: Engelstad Ane
Published: October 2016

In this paper I present a problem for the Marxist idea of false consciousness, namely how it is vulnerable to accusations of dogmatism. I will argue that the concept must be further developed if it is to provide a plausible tool for systematic social analysis. In the second half of the paper I will show how this could be done if the account of false consciousness incorporates Shaun Gallagher’s theory of the socially extended mind. This is a theory that explores how the mind expands towards external objects and systems. I will conclude that it helps to reinstate false consciousness as a reliable tool for the analysis of cognitive dynamics within power structures.
Investigating the antibacterial potential of agarose nanoparticles synthesized by nanoprecipitation technology
Authors: Satar Rukhsana , Iizhar Syed Ahmed , Rasool Mahmood , Pushparaj Peter Natesan , Ansari Shakeel Ahmed
Published: October 2016

Herein, an effort was made to investigate the antibacterial potential of agarose nanoparticles (ANPs) and poly(quaternary ammonium) modified ANPs (mANPs) against Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacterium) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive bacterium) in liquid systems as well as on agar plates. ANPs were synthesized by nanoprecipitation technology and characterized by XRD, TEM, TGA, DTA and DLS. The particle size estimated was 30 nm while atomic force microscopy was used to observe the interaction of ligand on ANPs. Antimicrobial characterization was monitored by colony forming units (CFU) as a function of ANPs concentration on agar plates. It was observed that ANPs showed 15 × 109/ml CFU after 24 hours of incubation at 20 mM ANPs concentration while the modified ANPs exhibited 21 × 109/ml CFU under similar incubation conditions. Moreover, zone of inhibition (ZOI) was 2.9 and 3.8 cm, respectively for E. coli by ANPs at 0.2 and 0.4 mM, respectively while it was 3.2 and 3.8 cm respectively by modified ANPs under similar conditions. Similarly, ZOI for S. aureus by ANPs at 0.2 and 0.4 mM was observed at 3.1 and 4.0 cm, respectively, while these values were 3.5 and 4.1 cm, respectively for modified ANPs under similar incubation conditions.
Enzymatic activity of a novel halotolerant lipase from Haloarcula hispanica 2TK2
Authors: Ozgen Melis , Attar Azade , Elalmis Yeliz , Birbir Meral , Yucel Sevil
Published: October 2016

A strain of Haloarcula hispanica isolated from Tuzkoy salt mine, Turkey exhibited extracellular lipolytic activity. Important parameters such as carbon sources and salt concentration for lipase production were investigated. Optimal conditions for the enzyme production from Haloarcula hispanica 2TK2 were determined. It was observed that the lipolytic activity of Haloarcula hispanica was stimulated by some of the carbon sources. The high lipase acitivity values were obtained in the presence of 2% (v/v) walnut oil (6.16 U/ml), 1% (v/v) fish oil (5.07 U/ml), 1% (v/v) olive oil (4.52 U/ml) and 1% (w/v) stearic acid (4.88 U/ml) at 4M NaCl concentration. Lipase was partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and ultrafiltration. Optimal temperature and pH values were determined as 45°C and 8.0, respectively. Lipase activity decreased with the increasing salt concentration, but 85% activity of the enzyme was maintained at 5M NaCl concentration. The enzyme preserved 41% of its relative activity at 90°C. The partially purified lipase maintained its activity in the presence of surfactants such as Triton X-100 and SDS. Therefore, the lipase which is an extremozyme may have potential applications especially in detergent industry.
Aqueous biological graphene based formulations for ink-jet printing
Authors: Dybowska-Sarapuk Łucja , Rumiński Sławomir , Wróblewski Grzegorz , Słoma Marcin , Młożniak Anna , Kalaszczyńska Ilona , Lewandowska-Szumieł Małgorzata , Jakubowska Małgorzata
Published: October 2016

The aim of the study was to produce heterophasic graphene nanoplatelets based formulation designed for ink-jet printing and biomedical applications. The compositions should meet two conditions: should be cytocompatible and have the rheological properties that allow to apply it with ink-jet printing technique. In view of the above conditions, the selection of suspensions components, such as binder, solvent and surfactants was performed. In the first stage of the research the homogeneity of the dispersion of nanoplatelets and their sedimentation behaviour in diverse solutions were tested. Subsequently, the cytotoxicity of each ink on human mesenchymal stem cells was examined using the Alamar Blue Test. At the same time the rheology of the resulting suspensions was tested. As a result of these tests the best ink composition was elaborated: water, polyethylene glycol, graphene nanoplatelets and the surfactant from DuPont company.
Equilibrium and kinetic studies of sorption of 2.4-dichlorophenol onto 2 mixtures: bamboo biochar plus calcium sulphate (BC) and hydroxyapatite plus bamboo biochar plus calcium sulphate (HBC), in a fluidized bed circulation column
Authors: Alamin Ahmed Hassan , Kaewsichan Lupong
Published: October 2016

Sorption studies were carried out to investigate removal of 2.4-dichlorophenol (2.4-DCP) from aqueous solution in a fluidized bed by two types of adsorbent mixtures: BC (Bamboo char plus Calcium sulphate), and HBC (Hydroxyapatite plus Bamboo char plus Calcium sulphate); both manufactured in ball shape. The main material bamboo char was characterized by FTIR, DTA and SEM. The adsorption experiments were conducted in a fluidized bed circulation column. Adsorption, isotherms and kinetic studies were established under 180 min operating process time, at different initial 2.4-DCP solution concentrations ranging from 5–10 mg/L, and at different flow rates ranging from 0.25–0.75 L/min. The data obtained fitted well for both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models; indicating favorable condition of monolayer adsorption. The kinetics of both adsorbents complies with the pseudo second-order kinetic model. BC was proven a new effective composite and low cost adsorbent which can be applied in the field of wastewater treatment, and it can also play an important role in industry water treatment.
Novel biocompatible transversal pneumatic artificial muscles made of PDMS/PET satin composite
Authors: Szmechtyk Tomasz , Sienkiewicz Natalia , Koter Katarzyna , Kobierska Agnieszka , Strzelec Krzysztof
Published: October 2016

In this study novel transversal pneumatic artificial muscles (TPAM), made from composite – poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) matrix membrane and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) satin reinforcement, are presented. Miniature TPAM consists of a flexible internal braid (IB) reinforcing the membrane and the external braid (EB). EB, with fibers arranged transversely to the IB, is placed laterally. Differently prepared TPAMs were tested for their effectiveness as actuators for robot drive and the PDMS/PET composite suitability was evaluated for applications in human gastrointestinal tract (chemical resistance, thermal characteristic). FT-IR spectra of the composite were compared for study PDMS impregnation process of PET satin and effect of immersion in selected solution. The composite shows outstanding biocompatibility and the muscles have competitive static load characteristics in comparison with other pneumatic artificial muscles (PAM). These results lead to believe, that in the near future painless examination of the gastrointestinal tract using a secure robot will be possible.
Against the Argument-Adjunct Distinction in Functional Generative Description
Authors: Przepiórkowski Adam
Published: October 2016

The aim of this paper is to critically examine the tests used to distinguish arguments from adjuncts in Functional Generative Description (Sgall et al., 1986) and to question the general usefulness of this distinction. In particular, we demonstrate that neither of the two tests used in FGD to distinguish inner participants from free adverbials (i.e. tests based on iterability and specificity) stands up to scrutiny, and we also point out practical problems with the application of the dialogue test, used to distinguish semantically obligatory and semantically optional dependents. Since these tests are among the most frequently cited tests for the Argument-Adjunct Distinction in contemporary linguistics, these results cast a shadow on the general validity of this dichotomy.
RealText-lex: A Lexicalization Framework for RDF Triples
Authors: Perera Rivindu , Nand Parma , Klette Gisela
Published: October 2016

The online era has made available almost cosmic amounts of information in the public and semi-restricted domains, prompting development of corresponding host of technologies to organize and navigate this information. One of these developing technologies deals with encoding information from free form natural language into a structured form as RDF triples. This representation enables machine processing of the data, however the processed information can not be directly converted back to human language. This has created a need to be able to lexicalize machine processed data existing as triples into a natural language, so that there is seamless transition between machine representation of information and information meant for human consumption. This paper presents a framework to lexicalize RDF triples extracted from DBpedia, a central interlinking hub for the emerging Web of Data. The framework comprises of four pattern mining modules which generate lexicalization patterns to transform triples to natural language sentences. Among these modules, three are based on lexicons and the other works on extracting relations by exploiting unstructured text to generate lexicalization patterns. A linguistic accuracy evaluation and a human evaluation on a sub-sample showed that the framework can produce patterns which are accurate and emanate human generated qualities.
Linguistically Annotated Corpus as an Invaluable Resource for Advancements in Linguistic Research: A Case Study
Authors: Hajič Jan , Hajičová Eva , Mírovský Jiří , Panevová Jarmila
Published: October 2016

A case study based on experience in linguistic investigations using annotated monolingual and multilingual text corpora; the “cases” include a description of language phenomena belonging to different layers of the language system: morphology, surface and underlying syntax, and discourse. The analysis is based on a complex annotation of syntax, semantic functions, information structure and discourse relations of the Prague Dependency Treebank, a collection of annotated Czech texts. We want to demonstrate that annotation of corpus is not a self-contained goal: in order to be consistent, it should be based on some linguistic theory, and, at the same time, it should serve as a test bed for the given linguistic theory in particular and for linguistic research in general.
Lexicographic Tools to Build New Encyclopaedia of the Czech Language
Authors: Horák Aleš , Rambousek Adam
Published: October 2016

The first edition of the Encyclopaedia of the Czech Language was published in 2002 and since that time it has established as one of the basic reference books for the study of the Czech language and related linguistic disciplines. However, many new concepts and even new research areas have emerged since that publication. That is why a preparation of a complete new edition of the encyclopaedia started in 2011, rather than just re-printing the previous version with supplements. The new edition covers current research status in all concepts connected with the linguistic studies of (prevalently, but not solely) the Czech language. The project proceeded for five years and it has finished at the end of 2015, the printed edition is currently in preparation. An important innovation of the new encyclopaedia lies in the decision that the new edition will be published both as a printed book and as an electronic on-line encyclopaedia, utilizing the many advantages of electronic dictionaries.

In this paper, we describe the lexicographic platform used for the Encyclopaedia preparation and the process behind the work flow consisting of more than 3,000 pages written by nearly 200 authors from all over the world. The paper covers the process of managing entry submissions, the development of tools to convert word processor files to an XML database, tools to cross-check and connect bibliography references from free text to structured bibliography entries, and the preparation of data for the printed publication.
Water Security, The Nexus Of Water, Food, Population Growth and Energy
Authors: E. A. McBean
Published: October 2016

Issues causing increased water stress and availability throughout the world are complex. The importance of supply-side issues arising from increasing urbanization, causing localized levels of water stress, is described. Further, while the world population has doubled over the last 50 years, water use has tripled. Water use rates have increased (from 400km3 per year per billion people in 1965, to the current level of 600km3 per year per billion people in 2015), as a result of population growth with its associated food and energy implications, and dietary shifts of populations.Water demands in 2025 are projected to be 1500km3 per year, or 60% more than volumes in 2015. The findings in a case study in the Zambezi River basin indicate that while climate change is projected as 25% of the projected impact to future water security issues, 75% of water security issues are attributable to population increases (and its related food, energy, and changing dietary habits) and hence, population increases represent a greater threat to water security.
Šventosios raidės barbariškose tautose
Authors: Ališauskas Vytautas
Published: October 2016

Renesanso ir baroko laikais buvo įprasta trijų šventųjų kalbų (hebrajų, graikų ir lotynų) samprata. Drauge buvo sakralizuoti ir jų rašmenys. Straipsnyje aptariami šventųjų raidynų ir kalbų (pirmiausia – graikų ir lotynų) statuso ir likimo LDK bruožai. Vietinės kalbos, vartodamos šiuos raidynus (lietuvių ir lenkų – lotyniškąjį; rusėnų – sukurtą graikiškojo pagrindu), aktualizuodavo ir juos lydinčias vertybių sistemas. Sakraliosios kalbos LDK gyvenime pynėsi su kasdienėmis, kasdienės ėmė savo orumą iš tikro ar tariamo ryšio su sakraliosiomis, galiausiai ir vienas, ir kitas perteikiantys raidynai keitėsi vietomis; natūrali dinamika galiausiai baigėsi lotyniškojo alfabeto, kaip visą valstybę apimančio komunikacijos įrankio ir europinio tapatumo ženklo, įsigalėjimu.
Plutarcho De liberis educandis: kaip išugdyti dorą pilietį?
Authors: Voinič Monika
Published: October 2016

...
Kas atrado istoriją?
Authors: Juchnevičienė Nijolė
Published: October 2016

...
Homerinių himnų struktūros bruožai
Authors: Kardelis Naglis
Published: October 2016

...
TEOLOGINIO NARATYVO ANTROPOLOGIJA
Authors: Repečkaitė Karolina
Published: October 2016

Gediminas Mikelaitis, Kilti ir kelti: Šatrijos Raganos literatūros teologija, Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2012
DVILYPĖ MENO KŪRINIO PRIGIMTIS: FORMULĖ IR FORMA
Authors: Daujotytė-Pakerienė Viktorija
Published: October 2016

Straipsnyje dvilypė meno kūrinio prigimtis aiškinama formulės ir formos santykiais. Pasitelkiama H. Focillono dvasios formų samprata, grindžianti meno ir kūrėjo ryšį. Remiamasi lietuvių meno ir humanistikos pavyzdžiais. Daugiausia dėmesio skiriama praėjusio amžiaus aštuntojo dešimtmečio pradžiai, kai straipsnyje keliama problema buvo gyviau jaučiama. Profesorius lituanistas Donatas Sauka ir garsus matematikas akademikas Vytautas Statulevičius vienu metu ir viename leidinyje yra buvę artimos minties bendrakeleiviai, siekę formulės ir gyvos formos dermės. Dar jauna poetė Onė Baliukonytė intuityviojo ir intelektualiojo prado santykį kėlė kaip problemą. Ryškėjo mintis, aktuali ir šiandien, kad vidinės formos intensyvumas saugo kūrinį nuo formulių, nuo jų mechaninio perėmimo.Arvydas Šliogeris, į humanistiką įžengęs iš technologijų, iš formulių lauko, žymi radikalią formulės ir formos perskyrą.
Effective levels of selenium in the feeding of growing quail meat production
Authors: Holubiev M. I. , Holubieva T. A.
Published: October 2016

The studies were conducted in growing quail meat production at the age of 1–35 days in the research laboratory of feed additives National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. The research goal was to establish effective levels of additional introduction of Selenium in fodder for growing quail by comparing them to some zoo–technical indicators. Five groups of 100 quails were formed.  The quails of the Control Group were fed a standard diet without the inclusion of additional Selenium. The quails of the trial groups received a standard diet supplemented with selenium: group 2 – 0.1 mg, group 3 – 0.2 mg, group 4 – 0.3 mg and group 5 – 0.4 mg / kg feed. For a determine the effect of selenium on the productive qualities of quails was conducted taking into account their of preservation, feed intake, body weight is determined and calculated feed cost per 1 g of live weight gain. During the study established that the level of preservation quails high enough in the experimental groups, the best body weight was observed in animals consuming an additional 0.4 mg of Se, and the lowest feed consumption per 1 kg of growth – from poultry which were fed 0.2 mg Se. Thus, investigated of trace elements in the indicated doses increases the productivity of quails and decrease feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain
PVMA «Intermiks» in rations pigs
Authors: Goncharuk A. P.
Published: October 2016

Getting the maximum performance level of modern breeds of pigs is possible with the full support of young vyroschuvalnoho all the necessary nutrients that possible when applying animal feed mixtures concentrating particularly PVMA. Introduction to the diet helps to ensure maximum utilization of nutrients, positively affects digestion and assimilation of them. This leads to the efficient use of feed, animal productivity and improve product quality. The feature of creating new PVMA now is that when developing recipes take into account the chemical composition of available forage in a specific region or sector, current feed feeding fodder in the assessment of energy feed units, optimal conditions of detention and genotype pigs. The new PVMA Intermiks include VS (starter and finisher hrouer) designed for feeding young pigs in growing meat in the final period of fattening. However, the practical use of them requires scientific justification. Therefore, the aim of research was to study the performance and hematological indices of young pigs when administered in the diet PVMA Intermiks VS–10%.Research conducted on three groups–analogues young pigs of large white breed, on 12 goals each. During the feeding phase 65 – 110 kh young second received PVMA Intermiks VS–10% (hrouer–finisher), and the third – PVMA Interfiks VS–10% (finisher). PVMA were manufactured at the production facilities Ukrainian firm «Interahroteh» At the end of fattening blood samples were taken for laboratory tests. Studies have shown that the use in diets of young PVMA Intermiks VS–10% (hrouer–finisher) increases the average daily increments to 113h or na15,1% and reduce the cost of feed for 1 kg increase by 14%. If consumption PVMA Intemmiks VS–10% (finisher) increased by increments of 13 g, or at 1.74%. Accordingly, average daily rate increases was the second 859 h and 759 h in the third group, against 746h in control. When feeding PVMA Intermiks VS–10% (hrouer–finisher) tends to increase the number of red blood cells in the blood (1 – 4.9%), hemoglobin (in 6,1 – 3.6%), leukocytes (1.5 – 4,2%). For PVMA Intermiks VS–10% (finisher) in the diet of animals between group difference was observed all blood parameters are within the physiological norm. It is concluded that for practical use in feeding young pigs in growing meat are recommended fed PVMA Intermiks VS–10% (hrouer–finisher).
Metabolic effects of iodine in poultry for its deficiency or excess in the diet
Authors: Hunchak A. V. , Ratych I. B. , Gutyj B. V. , Paskevych H. A.
Published: October 2016

The article is a generalization of the literature on the impact fn the iodine om  a birds, depending on the amount in the diet. In particular, we show that lack of iodine in the body of animals with food and water leads to metabolic disorders, the development of organs and body systems, weakening the function of the reproductive organs and the body's resistance to infection, resulting disruption of the thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency is characterized by the development of secondary immunodeficiency, which manifests a high propensity to disease. This weak immune response correlated with impaired thyroid function. The absorption of bioelements may affect the availability of natural feed goitrogenes. However, it is shown that an excess of cobalt, iron, boron, manganese poultry diets may correlate with the biosynthesis of thyroid and promote the development of endemic goiter. Noted features integrated application of iodine with other trace elements, as well as the need for admission with food vitamin A. From the standpoint of modern scientific research proved that the metabolism of iodine and selenium are closely related and can affect each other manifestations of deficiency of essential bioelements. Shown that excess of iodine in laying hens, reduced their egg production and average egg weight in breeding poultry hatching degrade the quality of the eggs. Permanent, but reduced vitellogenesis that continues for a period of excess consumption of iodine and inhibiting ovulation is associated with the formation of progesterone violation largest follicle, resulting in blocked signal for preovulatory allocation of luteinizing hormone, which leads to the cessation of egg. Excess iodine in the diet inhibits puberty young male and female  birds. Thus, there is a reverse chronological relationship between feeding forages with high iodine content and the expected time of puberty. According to a toxic level of iodine in the diet, the liver bird aminotransferase increased activity and blood – alkaline phosphatase, decreased phagocytic activity of neutrophils. Thus, the deficit and surplus iodine leads to metabolic disorders, reproductive functions of animals and birds and lost productivity.
Optimize the noise factor of traffic flow in Lviv
Authors: Kalyn B. M. , Shelevij M. I.
Published: October 2016

The article provides an overview of the current state study of one of the most pressing environmental problems of large cities – the problem of noise pollution. Due to the increasing number of cars, industrial machines and mechanisms to date, over 60% of people living in cities, daily exposed to excessive noise. The aim is to study the problem of noise pollution urboecosystem of Lviv and finding effective methods to combat with noise. Identified sources, the main characteristics and ways of dealing with the harmful effects of noise pollution. Established magnitude of noise burden on certain streets and filed a comprehensive assessment of the acoustic load of the city. A performance experiments noise which generated of motor vehicles when driving on different stretches of road near two intersections – st. Franko – Green and Levitsky – Tershakovciv. Near the street. Franko during bilateral traffic and trams bilateral traffic noise performance of road transport accounted 75,7dBA +/– 3.2. By reducing the transport speed to 6–10 km/h performance noise constituted 70,4dBA +/– 2.5. Indicators of noise on the Levitsky street during a stop to road transport and traffic lights at the beginning of the movement consisted 66,8dBA +/– 2.9 and 2.6 +/– 69,8dBA. Indicators of noise on the Tershakovciv street respectively amounted to 63.8 +/– 3.2 dBA and 65.2 +/– 3.3 dBA. Today, the simplest and most common methods of noise control is the discharge of roads, planting green space and installing anti–noise screens.
Environmental problems of water resources the Busk district
Authors: Mudrik O. V. , Paranyak R. P. , Matsuska O. V.
Published: October 2016

There is studied the ecological status of surface waters in Busk district. The attention is focused on the largest river Western Bug and its tributaries which essentially influence on the ecological condition. The analysis of hydrological monitoring in the basin of the Western Bug is done. Analysis of water pollution in the river is performed with use of fixed position state hydrological monitoring system posts. There are studied the data concerning pollution indicators for 2015 year and 3 seasons of 2016. A comparison of contamination in two points outside the district is carried out. There are considered river Poltva before its waters reach the district and flow into Western Bug and the river Western Bug after it lefts the district. The exceeding of the threshold limit values for some indicators is revealed. In all cases there is a slight excess of the TLV over the content of iron and ammonium ions. In Poltva have been considerable (3–6 times) exceeding the TLV for COD and BOD5, ammonium salt 8.4 times, total iron – 4.3 times, nitrites – in 6.75 times, suspended solids – 3.3 times, phenol – at 2.45 times. Therefore, the section of the city Buzka to the city Kamenka–Bug, Radekhiv bridge river water is not suitable for any water use. The self–cleaning of the water is happening within the district is and the second point of monitoring shows these indicators are within limits. The largest source of organic pollutants and nutrients into Western Bug River is the river Poltva. Insufficiently treated sewage of Lviv increases the level of water contamination. In the district however there are also a source of pollution of surface water with ions of ammonium and iron. For their identification the further observation are required.
Features of body weight growth in meat breeds heifers
Authors: Oseredchuk R. S. , Babik N. P. , Fedorovych V. V. , Fedorovych E. I. , Dutka V. R.
Published: October 2016

The data on the dynamics of body weight changes, absolute and average daily gains, frequency rate of increase in body weight, relative growth rate and intensity of body weight growth of Limousine and Volyn Meat breeds heifers. Both studied breeds characterized by different body weight at different age periods. Newborn Limousine breed heifers are weighed 2,7 kg more (P < 0.05) than Volyn Meat breed heifers; at 3 months age the difference was 8.5 kg (P < 0.05) at 6 months – 14.6 kg, at 9 month – 20.8 kg (P < 0.05), at 12 months – 25,6 kg (P < 0.05), at 15–months – 31.9 (P<0,05), and at 18 months – 23.5 kg. Total and average daily gains in animals of both breeds were the highest for a period of 3 to 6 months of age. In the period from birth to 15 months of age preference for average daily gains were in Limousine, however, the difference was statistically significant only for the period of 0 – 3 months and amounted to 63,9 g (P < 0,05). From 15 to 18 months of age Limousine slightly conceded to Volyn Meat breeds on this parameter. In animals of both breeds magnification of body weight increased with age, but over the entire period (from birth to 18 months) this parameter in Volyn Meat heifers was 0.6 times better than Limousine heifers. The coefficients of relative intensity and tension increase of body weight in animals of both breeds were highest in the period from birth to 3 months of age. With age, these indicators declined. Mainly, the advantage was in Volyn meat breed heifers, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Plants with pharmacological properties in the diet of wild ungulates of Polissya of Ukraine
Authors: Pepko V. , Hulyk I. , Zhyhaluk S. , Sachuk R.
Published: October 2016

In terms of forest ecosystems in Western Polesya, bordering cells of intensive livestock research started parazytofauny of game animals. Discovered possible cases of self healing of endoparasites animals. Established features seasonal diet of wild ungulates, including periodic eating plants have pharmacological properties and can be natural anthelmintics. Investigated the contents of stomachs and intestines of three species of hoofed animals (elk, roe deer European, wild boar) analysis of undigested remnants feed and plant selection helminthological material. Most attention was paid by identification of speciesof medicinal plants consumed by animals with clinical signs of helminths at critical times of the year. Marked dependence diet of ungulates from changes in climate, forage productivity of lands and epizootic situation in a number of helminths. There is also a possible link between the intensity of helminth infestations and the amount eaten plants that potentially have anti–parasitic properties. Determined about 30 species of plants and 2 species of mushrooms – possible medical components of the diet, which may be the subject of research in veterinary pharmacology and used in practice in the system of complex antiparasitic activities.