bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa two-component system CprRS regulates HigBA expression and bacterial cytotoxicity in response to LL-37 stress
Authors: Song Yingjie , Zhang Siping , Zhao Ninglin , Nong Cheng , He Yongxing , Bao Rui
Published: January 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly pathogenic bacterium known for its ability to sense and coordinate the production of virulence factors in response to host immune responses. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this process have remained largely elusive. In this study, we investigate the two-component system CprRS in P. aeruginosa and unveil the crucial role of the sensor protein CprS in sensing the human host defense peptide LL-37, thereby modulating bacterial virulence. We demonstrate that CprS acts as a phosphatase in the presence of LL-37, leading to the phosphorylation and activation of the response regulator CprR. The results prove that CprR directly recognizes a specific sequence within the promoter region of the HigBA toxin-antitoxin system, resulting in enhanced expression of the toxin HigB. Importantly, LL-37-induced HigB expression promotes the production of type III secretion system effectors, leading to reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and increased cytotoxicity towards macrophages. Moreover, mutations in cprS or cprR significantly impair bacterial survival in both macrophage and insect infection models. This study uncovers the regulatory mechanism of the CprRS system, enabling P. aeruginosa to detect and respond to human innate immune responses while maintaining a balanced virulence gene expression profile. Additionally, this study provides new evidence and insights into the complex regulatory system of T3SS in P. aeruginosa within the host environment, contributing to a better understanding of host-microbe communication and the development of novel strategies to combat bacterial infections.
The trickster methodology: Describing the creative process of fiction writers
Authors: East Tara
Published: January 2024

The trickster methodology combines elements of practice-led research with trickster qualities (slippery, subversive, disruptive, unstable, creative, destructive, ambiguous) by identifying four qualities that are particularly relevant to creative writers: shapeshifting, play, chance and order. The theoretical frameworks that underpin this methodology include Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept of the carnivalesque and Sara Ahmed’s notion of wilfulness. The trickster methodology is distinct from existing research frameworks and models of creativity as it reflects the fluidity of the writing process and the ways in which writers embody that fluidity. In this way, it extends our current understanding of practice-led research as it offers a model of clearly defined traits that remain malleable and flexible enough for individual use while providing a way to describe the creative process that leads to a written product.
Visual arts integration as a way of meanings: Centring emergent bi/multilingual high schoolers through graphic story and biology
Authors: Aghasafari Sahar
Published: January 2024

Using an exploratory case study methodology and working within a theoretical framework of symbolic interactionism (SI), this study examines how meanings arise for and are modified by emergent bilingual and multilingual high school students through their engagement with objects during visual arts integration into a science lesson. I conducted the research while teaching the topic of interdependence in cellular systems, using concepts from contemporary visual arts. Findings demonstrate that meanings arise when bi/multilingual students connect their interests, beliefs and memories with objects and interact with social objects such as peers, friends, family and others. Finally, findings reveal that students modify those meanings by interacting with the objects and learning new content, new mediums, processes and skills during visual arts integration activities. The results of this study suggest that educators consider holistic engagements in visual arts that focus on using contemporary strategies, enduring ideas and engagement with content through social interaction.
An upswing to something better: Social space and the upward climb in vaudeville theatre
Authors: Funk Clayton
Published: January 2024

Vaudeville theatre was an important visual form of popular culture and entertainment that featured such specialty acts as comedy and song and dance, as well as lectures, lantern slide shows and motion pictures with subject matter from faraway lands, and themes of American patriotism. American vaudeville began in nineteenth-century saloons as floorshows and burlesque, but it was eventually upgraded to family entertainment, which appealed to middle- and upper-class audiences, before individual theatres were subsumed by franchised theatre chains. Vaudeville theatre directors, who were known as impresarios, programmed an innovative spectrum of acts that ranged from classical music and art to folk songs, and to acrobats, which appealed to a wide range of social classes. Following the theories of Henri Lefebvre, the social space of the theatre became a conceptually dynamic space, where class distinctions blurred and audience members could then dream of life in a higher social station, or what American Mid Victorians knew as ‘self-improvement’. A conundrum emerges, however, when we see that most of the programmes were plentiful with racial, ethnic and gender stereotypes, which were entertaining to White audience members. The vertical social climb of the gilded age in the 1900s was complicated with the social relations of uneasy, decadent consumerism. Individuals driven by desire thought their ‘un-comfort’ might be remedied by entertainment, as they looked for an upswing to something better.
Subsídios para a estruturação da história dos acontecimentos ocorridos no distrito do Congo (Uíge) - Volume I: Intendente Custódio Ramos Para O Ministério do Ultramar
Authors: Ramos Custódio
Published: January 2024

Em Março de 1961 Custódio Abel Fernandes Ramos – administrador do concelho de Carmona (Uíge) – testemunhou no terreno o início da luta armada pela independência de Angola. Incumbido de narrar os acontecimentos pelo então Ministro do Ultramar, Adriano Moreira, Custódio Ramos produziu um minucioso relatório constituído por mais de mil páginas de informação sobre os primeiros meses da insurreição nacionalista promovida pela União dos Povos de Angola (UPA) no Noroeste de Angola. Nesse relatório, Custódio Ramos não só documentou com grande diligência os factos relativos à eclosão da luta armada, mas procurou também interpretá-los em termos político-ideológicos, no contexto da Guerra Fria, utilizando para o efeito os métodos analíticos e discursivos próprios do Estado Novo. Neste sentido, o relatório, ora publicado em edição fac-similada, constitui uma fonte documental preciosa e extremamente relevante não só para a reconstituição dos factos históricos em si, mas também para a compreensão do pensamento e da reação da administração colonial portuguesa no primeiro ano de guerra em Angola.
Los marcadores discursivos “aleshores” y “entonces” en el catalán valenciano
Authors: Server Benetó Natàlia
Published: January 2024

Aunque en un principio se dijese que los marcadores del discurso no eran propensos a la transmisión interlingüística, numerosos estudios sobre el dinamismo de los marcadores del discurso en distintas lenguas en contacto apuntan a que estas partículas son altamente proclives al préstamo y a la adaptación. La presente investigación analiza los valores que obtiene y desarrolla la partícula “entonces”, procedente del español, en la modalidad hablada de la variedad valenciana del catalán. A pesar de no ser la forma propia de la lengua, está altamente extendida en el registro informal del catalán valenciano, hasta el punto de que es una forma híbrida, es decir, que está adaptada fonéticamente a las normas fonológicas del catalán y se realiza como [entonses], [antonses] o [‘tonses], dependiendo del subdialecto. Aunque “entonces” no sea la única partícula que se haya prestado del español al catalán, no hay ningún estudio hasta la fecha que haya explorado sus usos en el valenciano. Por tanto, en el presente estudio se analiza la presencia de “entonces” en secuencias narrativas a partir de un corpus de entrevistas semidirigidas. Además, también se contrastan los usos de “entonces” con los de los mismos hablantes de la partícula propia en el catalán valenciano, “aleshores”, con tal de determinar si adquieren los mismos significados y si están en distribución complementaria o en sustitución completa. A pesar de la existencia de estudios sobre cada uno de estos marcadores en sus respectivas lenguas, esta es la primera investigación que analiza el uso de “entonces” en el discurso del catalán valenciano y lo contrasta con su forma propia. Con ello, la presente investigación pretende llenar el vacío que ya se ha explorado en otras situaciones de contacto y contextos lingüísticos mediante análisis pormenorizados de los usos, valores y posiciones de ambas formas de los marcadores discursivos.
Humor en interacción: Patrones sociopragmáticos en el habla de Madrid
Authors: Cestero Mancera Ana María
Published: January 2024

El estudio del humor verbal ha experimentado un desarrollo considerable en las últimas décadas, en las que se ha abordado, especialmente, desde disciplinas que trabajan con el habla, como la pragmática, la lingüística cognitiva o el análisis del discurso y de la conversación, lo que ha favorecido una ampliación del objeto de estudio y la aparición de propuestas y enfoques interdisciplinarios. Uno de los aspectos menos trabajados en relación con el humor verbal, no obstante, es su utilización como estrategia discursiva, de interacción, además de la variación condicionada por factores sociales. Con el objetivo de profundizar en el conocimiento del uso y funcionamiento del humor verbal en interacciones en registro medio de lengua, y de la incidencia que tienen en su producción factores como la edad, el sexo y el nivel de instrucción de los hablantes, hemos iniciado una investigación sociopragmática sobre el humor en el habla de Madrid, enmarcada dentro del Proyecto para el Estudio Sociolingüístico del Español de España y América (PRESEEA), que parte de los presupuestos teórico-metodológicos del Grupo de investigación sobre ironía y humor en español (GRIALE). En este artículo, presentamos los primeros resultados, que permiten confirmar que se trata de una estrategia de no mucha rentabilidad en la interacción semiformal de los madrileños, que se emplea sobre todo para divertir y unir, marcándose asiduamente con risa, emisión entre risas y contraste prosódico, y que así lo hacen, en los distritos de Vallecas de Madrid, en mayor medida, los jóvenes, las mujeres y las personas con nivel de instrucción medio o alto. Es habitual, además, que los interlocutores reconozcan el humor cuando se realiza y, en ocasiones, incluso, que colaboren en su co-construcción, mostrando con ello una actitud neutra o favorable, que tiene un efecto social positivo, con mucha frecuencia hacia la persona que lo produce, aunque, también, hacia otros sujetos y determinadas situaciones.
Canzonieri latini nella Napoli aragonese tra il Regno e il Vice Regno (1450-1550)
Authors: Germano Giuseppe
Published: January 2024

La produzione dei canzonieri latini nella Napoli aragonese si sviluppò in un quadro di grande complessità culturale tra il Latino e le lingue volgari in uso presso la corte. Focalizzando i loro caratteri distintivi, il saggio si propone di realizzarne un’interpretazione coerente col quadro della cultura del loro tempo. La sintesi che emerge dall’indagine mostra come, con l’adesione degli intellettuali al programma della politica aragonese nel momento del suo splendore, i canzonieri erotici esprimessero anche un impegno ideologico nella rappresentazione e nella costruzione dei valori della società: è l’epoca dei canzonieri di Giovanni Pontano e dei suoi coetanei, Elisio Calenzio e Gabriele Altilio. Col cambiare degli equilibri esistenti tra gli intellettuali e il potere politico nella crisi della corona e con l’avvento del Vice Regno spagnolo, essa mostra, poi, come cambi anche il carattere della produzione poetica, che tende a porre in secondo piano l’elemento amoroso, diventando perlopiù encomiastica e celebrativa, e ad allontanarsi dall’impegno in precedenza espresso. In quest’epoca solo due canzonieri, uno di Girolamo Angeriano ed uno di Pomponio Gaurico, sono propriamente amorosi ed esprimono il nuovo modo di vivere l’amore in un mondo in cui l’introspezione e la riflessione si sostituiscono all’impegno ideologico e sociale. I canzonieri erotici di questo periodo così denso di trasformazioni mostrano quanto possa essere stretto il rapporto tra una produzione letteraria di carattere sia pure intimo e la società nella quale essa abbia visto la luce, fornendo, così, una paradigmatica chiave di lettura del loro tempo.
I carmi lirici di Giano Anisio nel panorama della poesia umanistica napoletana
Authors: Leuker Tobias
Published: January 2024

L’articolo rende omaggio al più prolifico poeta napoletano neolatino attivo tra il 1490 e il 1540, Giano Anisio, nato a Domicella nei pressi di Nola. Un riassunto degli studi dedicati all’autore precede l’analisi di un aspetto finora trascurato: la straordinaria ricchezza formale dei carmi lirici che distingue i suoi Varia poemata da tutte le altre raccolte poetiche contemporanee, comprese quelle di Pontano, Marullo e Sannazaro. Anisio non si limitò infatti a riprendere quasi tutti i sistemi strofici usati da Catullo e Orazio, ma ne accrebbe il repertorio con un numero consistente di tipi nuovi. All’illustrazione della varietas offerta dall’autore in questo campo, segue un campione di sei suoi carmi con relativa traduzione italiana.
Los arcedianatos de la diócesis legionense en la primera mitad del Siglo XVIII
Authors: Pérez Alvarez María José
Published: January 2024

En la primera mitad del siglo XVIII, los obispos Fray José Lupia y Fernández de Velasco y Pantoja visitaron, el primero en varias ocasiones, gran parte de las parroquias que conformaban la diócesis legionense. El objetivo de esas visitas era conocer el estado espiritual de la demarcación que regentaban. En la actual provincia de León, recorrieron los arcedianatos de Mayorga y Cea y cuatro, de las diez, vicarias. Los resultados de sus observaciones y de la información que recopilaron los dejaron registrados en un cuaderno. Tales anotaciones constituyen una fuente de información inestimable para conocer todos aquellos aspectos en los que consideraron que era necesario intervenir, para corregir costumbres o comportamientos, de laicos y eclesiástico, que no se adecuaban a la religiosidad oficial. Por otro lado, esta documentación también nos da cuenta de qué personas detentaban los patronatos, de las devociones o las obras pías.
Mapeamento de Tecnologias brasileiras para a Promoção do Autocuidado de pessoas com Hipertensão Arterial
Authors: Silva Filho João Carlos Sedraz , Saad Karen Ruggeri
Published: January 2024

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo identificar tecnologias brasileiras voltadas à promoção da educação para o autocuidado de pessoas com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) essencial. O método adotado contemplou etapas típicas de um mapeamento sistemático de literatura. Como resultado da execução dessas etapas, foram analisadas cinco (5) soluções tecnológicas, que podem ser utilizadas ou, até mesmo, subsidiar o desenvolvimento de novos recursos dedicados à educação para o autocuidado em HAS essencial.
Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana: Uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Sousa Ronaldo Moreira , Sousa Esau Ximenes de , Santos Francisco  Sérginy Araújo dos , Pinheiro Cleoneide Paulo Oliveira
Published: January 2024

A estimulação magnética transcraniana (EMT), é uma técnica indolor e não-invasiva, capaz de modular e trabalhar áreas acometidas do cérebro com baixo risco ao paciente Objetivo: Sumarização das evidências científicas referentes à Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana em suas diversas aplicações. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de Revisão integrativa da literatura com abordagem quantitativa. Considerou-se como questão norteadora para o estudo: “Qual a eficiência da estimulação magnética transcraniana?” Quais as indicações da estimulação magnética transcraniana. Para a realização da pesquisa realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, Medline, Scielo. Resultados: Com o levantamento bibliográfico a partir dos descritores elencados, foram reunidos um total de 41 artigos que se assemelhavam a temática descrita para análise. Após leitura de seus títulos e resumos, 19 estudos foram excluídos após terem sido identificadas duplicações dos seus textos ou serem submetidos aos critérios de exclusão, restando um total de 22 artigos para leitura de seus textos na íntegra. Assim, após a leitura dos textos e paralela aplicação da questão norteadora desta pesquisa, tivemos como resultado final 22 estudos para análise e construção desta revisão. Os estudos revelaram que a EMT é utilizada no campo da psiquiatria e da fisioterapia, sendo, nesse caso, testado principalmente nas sequelas de Acidente vascular cerebral e paralisia cerebral, zumbido crônico, doenças psíquicas, dores crônicas, doenças de degeneração articulares, tratamento de dependentes químicos e melhora do desempenho físico. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a EMT é um recurso muito promissor para diversas patologias neurológicas, como Acidente Vascular Cerebral, porém os protocolos de conduta requerem mais pesquisas, para mais evidências quanto a indicação, forma de aplicação e efeitos de forma que possa inserir a técnica possa fazer parte dos atendimentos fisioterapêuticos.
Evaluation of Biological Activities of Opuntia Ficus Indica Cladodes Extract Against Cadmium-Induced Osteoporosis in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Taleb Jihen , Ncibi Saida , Smida Amani , Mabrouki Lamia , Zourgui Lazhar
Published: January 2024

The cactus Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) is widely used in Tunisian medicine for the treatment of various illnesses. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant activities of cactus cladode extract (CCE) and to assess the protective effects of Opuntia ficus indica against osteoporosis induced by cadmium chloride in male Wistar rats. Adult male rats were divided into 4 groups of 9 each: a control group, a group injected with cadmium (3.5mg/kg) for 10 weeks, a group orally given a O. ficus indica cladodes aqueous extract (CCE) (100 mg /kg/day) for 10 weeks then treated with cadmium, and a group receiving only (CCE) for 10 weeks. Bone toxicity was estimated by examining femoral length and weight, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (ACP) levels in serum. Also, bone levels of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin C and bone mineral density (BMD) of femur diaphysis were measured. Alterations of these bone biomarkers and decreased BMD conﬁrmed cadmium-induced bone toxicity. However, when cadmium was administered in rats given CCE, all the biological parameters underwent much less alteration. Administration of CCE was found to be beneﬁcial by attenuating cadmium-induced femur damage. The protective effect of the plant is mainly attributed to its phenolic compounds that orchestrate antioxidant properties, as highlighted by HPLC-based analysis.
Effect of Hyamine-1622 Cationic Surfactant on Pertraction of Cerium (IV) Cations Through Emulsion Liquid Membranes
Authors: Kassem Amany T. , Ali Mahmoud M.S.
Published: January 2024

The present study aims to shed light directly towards the extraction of (IV) cerium ions using "liquid surfactant membrane" technology, "LSM" developed in the presence of synergistic cationic and nonionic materials. The effect of various factors such as Ce (IV) transport, synergistic surfactants, curing ratio, stir speed, temperature, and mixing time between the carrier and the cerium ion on the extraction rate was studied by LSM taking into account surfactant agents. The positive effect of benzethonium chloride "Hy-1622" on the extraction of cerium ion was demonstrated by LSMs technique. Experiments confirmed the efficiency of Hy-1622 chloride synergistically with Span 80/85 to extract cerium ions with LSMs technology for emulsions in the oil phase is critical as it determines the stability, viscosity and mass transfer resistance of the resulting emulsion. Besides, Hy-1622 chloride was found as a new cationic surfactant that appeared in FTIR characterization and surfactant was found to speed up the permeability process and accelerate the extraction rate due to electrostatic interaction with the carrier.
Molecular Confirmation of Staphylococci Strain’s Identification Isolated in the Hospital and University Center of Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
Authors: Gangoue Léa Gwladys , Ondzia Faust René Okamba , Nzaou Stech Anomene Eckzechel , MPELE Fils Landry , Mayengue Pembe Issamou , Niama Fabien Rock , Nguimbi Etienne
Published: January 2024

Bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus are pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria responsible for various infections, including skin suppuration, which can be severe or chronic. The objective of this study was to confirm Staphylococci strain’s identification isolated by bacteriological methods from biological products of CHU-B patients, by molecular methods based on the analysis of the gene coding for 16S rRNA. In total, 30 strains of Staphylococci were isolated including 8 (26.66%) community strains, 22 (73.33%) hospital strains. The products of the amplification of gene fragments encoding 16S rRNA from 10 strains of Staphylococci including 6 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and 4 Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS) were sequenced. The sequences obtained were subjected to bioinformatics analysis to confirm the results of conventional bacteriological methods. Six (6) S. aureus strains, 2 Staphylococcus haemolyticus strains, 1 uncultured bacterium clone nbw618g09c1, and one Staphylococcus sp. have been identified. These results made it possible to confirm the effectiveness of the molecular method and to show the limits of traditional bacteriological methods in the complete identification of bacteria.
What do we know about Torso Protectors and Foot Wears – A Review for COVID-19 Pandemic and Possible Future Epidemics
Authors: Valikhanlou Nayyereh , Meshkini Mohammad , Meshkini Fatemeh , Jalilvand Hadi
Published: January 2024

Personal Protective types of Equipment (PPE) are needed for everybody who would be in danger of threatening state; the COVID-19 pandemic raised the need and global demand for PPE, one of the most used and required equipment are gowns, coveralls, and torso protectors; which their shortage of supply raised the cost globally too. This review article gathered the guidelines and recommendations from manufacturers, international organizations, and self-experiments of authors for these utilities. And, provides recommendations on the level of protection needed for each condition.
Going DEEP: an evaluation of a social pedagogy-informed approach to evidence-enriched practice in social care
Authors: Toms Gill , Verity Fiona , Andrews Nick , Leonard Richenda
Published: January 2024

Social care workers benefit from multiple types of evidence to enhance citizen well-being, support their own well-being and improve social care services. Building capacity within social care to find, collect and use different forms of evidence is an international concern. The Developing Evidence Enriched Practice (DEEP) programme in Wales is informed by the values and aims of social pedagogy. It aspires to enhance both the generation and use of evidence in social care. To learn about what works in the programme, we conducted an evaluation based on contribution analysis that explored programme impacts between 2020 and 2023. Based on a co-produced theory of change the evaluation drew on exemplar cases, questionnaire responses, documentary evidence, process data and unsolicited feedback. There was evidence that the DEEP programme contributed to people better valuing and gaining a better understanding of different forms of evidence. Citizen voice could become more central in decision-making, and there were examples of practice, policy and research being informed by diverse evidence. Many people who attended the DEEP learning course enhanced their confidence and skills by using the DEEP approach and said that they would put their learning into practice. It was harder to evidence longer-term impacts and the sustainability of the approach. These findings suggest that there can be merit in developing capacity-building programmes informed by social pedagogy. Such programmes can be characterised as relational, holistic, practice-focused, multifaceted, contextualised and co-produced with intended beneficiaries.
Differentiated approach to glycemic management in type 2 diabetic patients during inpatient treatment of acute myocardial infarction: glycemic control and long-term prognosis
Authors: Korotina M. A. , Pochinka I. G. , Strongin L. G.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: The risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is 2 times higher than without DM. Previously an association between the time in the target range of glycemia during hospitalization of AMI in patients with T2DM (hTIR — «hospital time in range») and long-term prognosis was found. It is supposed that a differentiated approach to glycemic management will help to achieve a higher level of hTIR and will lead to an improved prognosis.AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of differentiated approach to glycemic management in patients with T2DM during inpatient treatment of AMI and impact on long-term prognosis.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included patients with T2DM who were hospitalized with AMI with ST-segment elevation and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. A total amount of patients was 161; 102 were in the main group, 59 in the control group. There was a differentiated approach to glycemia management based on phenotype determination in the main group. Insulin therapy was prescribed to patients with the 1st phenotype during the entire inpatient treatment. Patients with the second phenotype received insulin therapy followed by switching oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD). Patients of the 3rd phenotype were prescribed only OAD. In the control group, therapy of T2DM was prescribed according to the standard hospital procedures based on current clinical recommendations.RESULTS: In the main group, 22 patients (22%) were in the 1st phenotype, 54 (53%) –in the 2nd, 26 (25%) –in the 3rd. The average glycemia during hospitalization in the main group was lower than in the control group: 9.4±1.7 mmol/l vs 10.3±2.3 mmol/l (p=0.006). The hTIR in the main group was 58 [53; 71]% vs 46 [33; 63]% in the control group (p<0.001). It was shown that when hTIR > 55% is reached, the risk of cardiovascular death within a year after hospitalization is reduced by 80%.CONCLUSION: The differentiated approach to glycemic management in patients with T2DM leads to an improvement in glycemic control during inpatient treatment of AMI and is accompanied by a tendency to a lower incidence of cardiovascular death within a year after hospitalization. Achieving hTIR > 55% is associated with a multifold reduction of the risk of cardiovascular death in a year. About 25% of patients with DM2 during inpatient treatment of AMI do not need the insulin therapy.
Efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists therapy initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized with coronavirus infection
Authors: Markova T. N. , Lysenko M. A. , Stas M. S. , Anchutina A. A.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND. The search for new effective methods of treatment and prevention of COVID-19 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains an urgent task for the healthcare system.

AIM. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of initiating of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) therapy in T2DM patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The inclusion criteria were history of T2DM, BMI> 27 kg/m2, confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. The intervention group of 53 patients started dulaglutide therapy (1,5 mg once weekly) during the first 24 hours of admission, the control group consisted of 50 patients, who proceeded with glucose-lowering therapy. We evaluated the effect of therapy on carbohydrate metabolism, laboratory and clinical parameters, the outcome of COVID-19 and the safety of therapy (hypoglycemic events, side effects).

RESULTS. There were no differences found in the degree of decrease in the level of glycemia in the compared groups: fasting plasma glucose (FPG) on day 7 of hospitalization– 8,2 [6,0;9,8] mmol/L vs 8,1 [6,5;9,8] mmol/L (p=0,935), mean daily glycemia (MDG) — 9,7 [8,3;11,8] mmol/L vs 11,1 [8,7;12,8] mmol/L (p=0,182). Therapy of dulaglutide had a positive effect on inflammatory markers: CRP (15,8 vs 24,4 mg/l, p=0,035), LDH (261,6 vs 326,1 U/l, p=0,016) and the level of lymphocytes (1,2 vs 0,9 x 10*9/L, p=0,049) and on clinical parameters: saturation, the need for oxygen therapy and the risk of severe course according to the NEWS2 scale. The death rate in the group receiving GLP-1RA is 3,5 times lower compared to the control group (5,7% vs 20,0%, p=0,038). The initiation of dulaglutide therapy in patients with T2DM hospitalized with COVID-19 reduced the chance of death and transfer to mechanical ventilation by 4,2 times compared to the control group (OR = 0,24, 95% CI: 0,062–0,931). GLP-1RA therapy in patients with COVID-19 and T2DM is safe in terms of hypoglycemic events and side effects.

CONCLUSIONS. The initiation of GLP-1RA therapy leads to a decrease in FPG and MDG, comparable with the control group. The start of GLP-1RA therapy in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and T2DM reduces the chance of death, favorably affecting on laboratory and clinical parameters.
Humoral factors in the formation of neuroosteoarthropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kalandiya M. M. , Kogan E. A. , Nikankina L. V. , Tokmakova A. Y. , Zaitseva E. L. , Galstyan G. R.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy is a severe and insufficiently studied complication of diabetes mellitus, which is characterized by progressive destruction of bones and joints against the background of neuropathy and leads to the formation of foot deformities of varying severity. The search for predictors of this pathology is extremely relevant, because will optimize therapy and reduce the risk of limb amputation.

AIM: To compare the levels of advanced glycation end products and their receptors in the blood and bone tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy and in individuals without this complication in order to determine the possibility of using these parameters as early predictors of severe foot deformities in this category of patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: During hospitalization for planned surgical treatment, venous blood and bone tissue samples were taken from patients with chronic (inactive) stage of DNOAP and patients with neuropathic foot ulcers.

RESULTS: The study included 88 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and neuropathic form of diabetic foot syndrome, who were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of patients with chronic diabetic neuroosteoarthropathy, group 2 — patients with severe diabetic neuropathy without osteoarticular disorders. The study did not show statistically significant differences in the level of AGE in the blood serum of patients with DNOAP and without this complication, however, a significant increase in AGE receptors (RAGE) in bone tissue was recorded in the group of patients with DNOAP compared with the control. Patients with increased RAGE expression in bone had higher blood levels of AGE compared to the group without this complication, but this difference was not significant.

CONCLUSION: For the first time, a study of AGEs and receptors for them in the blood serum and bone tissue in individuals with DNOAP and without this complication was carried out. The obtained results suggest that the determining factor in the rate of formation and the likelihood of recurrence of DNOAP in type 2 diabetes mellitus is not the content of AGEs in the blood, but the expression of their receptors in bone tissue.
Evolution of blood glucose self-monitoring technology
Authors: Suplotova L. A. , Alieva O. O.
Published: January 2024

In 1838 G. Rees, a doctor from London (Guy's Hospital), for the first time isolated excess sugar from the blood serum of a patient with diabetes mellitus. Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus gradually developed. The next step was the understanding that regular monitoring of glucose levels by the patient himself is an integral part of diabetes mellitus therapy. The starting point of the technology for self-monitoring of diabetes mellitus was the determination of the sugar content in urine using chemical reactions. The method had no great clinical significance, it only indicated a progressive disease. The first Dextrostix blood glucose test strip (Ames-Mile's laboratories) was introduced in 1964. In 1970, the first automated blood glucose analysis system, the Ames Reflectance Meter (ARM), was created. Over time, the technology has been improved, accuracy, visibility, comfort, and an individual approach to glucometry have been formed. A new chapter was the development of remote technologies and the possibility of remote monitoring. More advanced data processing is now available in tabular and graphical form, with the calculation of 7-, 14-, 30-, and 90-day average glycemic values. A promising direction is the introduction of artificial intelligence in the management of diabetes mellitus.
National Council of Experts: the place of DPP-4 inhibitors in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shestakova M. V. , Vagapova G. R. , Vikulova O. K. , Galstyan G. R. , Demidova T. Yu. , Dudinskaya E. N. , Kiseleva T. P. , Mkrtumyan A. M. , Petunina N. A. , Tkacheva O. N. , Fadeev V. V. , Khalimov Y. S. , Shestakova E. A.
Published: January 2024

TThe annual increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus emphasizes the relevance of the search for new treatment options, along with necessity for regular review of proven therapeutic solutions. Today, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i, gliptins) are effective and safe hypoglycemic therapy, which is included in modern standards of treatment of type 2 diabetes. In 2022, the availability of this group of drugs for Russian patients has significantly increased. This circumstance became a prerequisite for holding a National Council of Experts with the participation of members of the Russian Association of Endocrinologists. The task of the Council was to determine the place of DPP-4i in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes in 2023. During the meeting of the Council, experts summarized the evidence base of DPP-4i taking into account the latest scientific data and determined the optimal clinical portraits of patients for the use of DPP-4i in accordance with updated national recommendations.
Condicionantes Naturais da Distribuição Espacial dos Campos de Murundus no Sudoeste do Estado de Goiás
Authors: Malheiro Amanda Morais , Boeira Veronica Natalia , Bueno Guilherme Taitson , Mantovani José Roberto
Published: January 2024

Os campos de murundus, também conhecidos como covoais, são microrrelevos frequentes no Cerrado. Trata-se conjuntos de elevações semicirculares que sobressaem da superfície do terreno, arredondadas ou ovais, com dimensões médias de 70 cm de altura e 6 m de diâmetro. Encontram-se associados a áreas úmidas e vêm sendo impactados pela expansão agropecuária. Os condicionantes de sua distribuição espacial regional são ainda pouco conhecidos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar fatores naturais condicionantes de sua distribuição espacial no SO de Goiás, na Bacia Sedimentar do Paraná. Todas as ocorrências de campos de murundus identificadas pelo projeto Mapeamento dos Remanescentes de Campos de Murundus no Estado de Goiás (SEMAD-GO/LAPIG-UFG) foram comparadas com informações referentes à litologia, à geomorfologia, ao NDWI (Índice de Diferença Normalizada da Água) e ao SMI (Índice de Umidade do Solo). Os índices foram obtidos por imagens orbitais SENTINEL 2-A (MSI) e Landsat 8 (OLI e TIRS). Constatou-se que os campos de murundus ocorrem preferencialmente nas unidades Depósitos Aluvionares, Cachoeirinha, Coberturas Detrito-Lateríticas e Serra Geral. Predominam sob declividades de 0 a 8%, (relevo plano a suave ondulado) e nas áreas de menor densidade de drenagem. O NDWI e o SMI indicaram que os campos de murundus se concentram em superfícies úmidas, ocorrendo com menor frequência em áreas saturadas/muito úmidas e em áreas de umidade moderada, secas e muito secas.
Gambaran Lifestyle Behavior, Strategi Koping dan Subjective Well-being Remaja Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Hidayati Rahma , Asniar Asniar , Rachmalia Rachmalia
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Adaptation to new situations caused by the Covid-19 pandemic limits adolescents' spaces in performing daily routines. This limitation also impacts their subjective well-being. Subjective well-being relates to lifestyle behavior and coping strategies. Therefore it is essential to assess in defining appropriate nursing interventions for adolescents. This study aimed to describe lifestyle behavior, coping strategies, and subjective well-being during the Covid-19 pandemic in Banda Aceh City. Methods: This study employed a descriptive exploratory design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 168 adolescents selected by snowball sampling. Data was collected by using a self-report questionnaire distributed by google form.Results: The study findings show that most of the adolescents tried to obey the regulations during the Covid-19 pandemic (63.1%); few of the respondents planned their daily routines (19.0%); were involved in different activities (10.7%), and only a few who do physical activity regularly (21.4%). Adolescents often shared their feelings (31.5%) and reviewed their relationships with their families (38.7-42.3%). In terms of social and school interactions, adolescents maintained contact with their friends and teachers (35.1-43.5%). The adolescents maintained school obligations at home (49.4%),  and this period did not affect their educational path (50.0%). In addition, most adolescents reported slight changes in subjective well-being (41.1%) and mild anxiety (38.1%). Discussion/Suggestion: This study highlights several conditions that need consideration from relevant stakeholders, including community health nurses or school health nurses, in designing interventions to prevent poor lifestyle behaviors and improve adolescents' adaptive coping and subjective well-being. Consequently, nurses should collaborate with families, school boards, public health centers, district health offices, and other government sectors in implementing health promotion programs for adolescents during the Covid-19 pandemic, particularly in improving lifestyle behaviors, adaptive coping, and subjective well-being.
Studi Kasus: Penerapan Pursed Lip Breathing dan Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise pada Pasien Congestive Heart Failure dengan Sesak Napas di Instalasi Gawat Darurat
Authors: Febyastuti Isna widya , Widyaningtyas Nur Hafizhah , Zakaria Eka Dafid
Published: January 2024

Sesak napas pada pasien Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) terjadi karena ventrikel kiri tidak mampu memompa darah yang datang dari paru – paru sehingga cairan terdorong ke jaringan paru. Selain itu, sesak napas disebabkan  karena  jantung  tidak  dapat  memompa darah  ke  seluruh tubuh  secara  maskimal  sehingga  suplai  oksigen didalam tubuh tidak adekuat yang akan berpengaruh pada sel - sel  dan  organ  dalam  tubuh  mengalami  kekurangan  asupan  oksigen. Pursed Lip Breathing (PLB) dan Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise (DBE) merupakan intervensi non farmakologi yang dapat menurunkan sesak napas pasien CHF. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil penerapan kombinasi PLB dan DBE terhadap frekuensi napas, saturasi oksigen dan skala sesak napas pada pasien CHF. Studi ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan pengukuran frekuensi napas, saturasi oksigen, dan skala sesak napas dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Intervensi kombinasi PLB dan DBE yang dilakukan selama 5 siklus dimana 1 siklus terdiri dari PLB 5 kali,  dilanjutkan DBE 5 kali dan istirahat selama 2 menit. Studi dilakukan di salah satu rumah sakit di Semarang pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2023 dengan 5 pasien CHF yang mengalami sesak napas. Setelah dilakukan intervensi menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan frekuensi napas dan skala sesak napas, serta peningkatan saturasi oksigen. Hal ini menunjukkan PLB dan DBE dapat dijadikan sebagai intervensi non farmakologi dalam mengatasi sesak napas pasien CHF. Penelitian selanjutnya diperlukan dengan jumlah responden yang lebih besar untuk meningkatkan keakuratan intervensi.
Diachronic study of the floristic diversity of the Royal Mausoleum of Mauretania, Algeria
Authors: Siab-Farsi Badia , Kadid Yamina , Bouzahar Chafika
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to provide knowledge on the mural flora of the Royal Mausoleum of Mauretania. Through floristic surveys, we complied a catalog listing168 vascular plants belonging to 141 genera and 58 families. Asteraceae and Poaceae were the most dominant families, constituting 24.81% of the species. Dominant characteristics of this flora included therophytes (41.07%) and Mediterranean floristic elements (67.26%). To update the floristic list of the Mausoleum, we compared our data with 3 old lists from 1867, 1928 and 1985. The diachronic analysis reveals the persistance of 35 taxa representing 16.27% of 215 taxa listed since the first inventory, and the emergence of 30 new taxa (13.95%). The diversity of this wall flora is associated with changes in the landscape around the Mausoleum as well as its conservation status.
Seed priming: An overview of techniques, mechanisms, and applications
Authors: Khan Mohammad Amir , Durga Durga Prasad , Khan Farooq Ahmad , Khan Anam , Belal Belal Ahmad , Astha Astha
Published: January 2024

Seed priming is a pre-sowing seed treatment method that has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to improve seed germination and early seedling growth. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of seed priming techniques, their underlying mechanisms, and diverse applications in crop production during the recent years. The article introduces the concept of seed priming and its importance in optimizing seed performance, discussing various seed priming techniques including osmotic priming, hydro-priming, hormonal priming, and microbial priming. Each technique is described in detail, outlining the specific procedures and conditions involved, and their advantages and limitations are discussed. The underlying mechanisms of seed priming are explored, elucidating the biochemical, physiological, and molecular changes that occur during seed priming, and the interactions between priming substances and seeds. The article also provides an in-depth analysis of the applications of seed priming, discussing its positive effects on seed germination, seedling vigour, stress tolerance, and its potential for sustainable agriculture. This review article serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientists and faculties working in the field of seed technological research and progressive farmers who can adopt this technology for enhancing crop yield. This article provides insights into the techniques, mechanisms, and applications of seed priming for optimizing seed performance and enhancing crop productivity in diverse agricultural systems.
The choice of citizens or the regime? Local (self-) government in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1929-1941. A case study of the Slavonski Brod district
Authors: Milec Ivan , Jagodar Josip
Published: January 2024

During the period of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, urban and rural municipalities were the lowest administrative units and closest to the needs of the ordinary population. The aim of this paper is to determine the level of self-government, whether the leadership of municipal administrations was an expression of the political will of the majority of the population or an instrument of the regime that ensured loyalty through various restrictions, pressures and direct nominations. This case study is spatially limited to the area of the Brod district, which was composed of one city and 18 municipalities. It is limited in period from the proclamation of the dictatorship of King Alexander in 1929 until the collapse of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1941. During the 1920s, central government limited local self-government in various ways, and immediately after the proclamation of the dictatorship, it was legally abolished. However, it should be recognised that the Law on Municipalities was adopted in 1933 and the Law on City Municipalities a year later in which the regime proclaimed self-government in the municipalities, but in reality, it limited it to a great extent. The situation in cities and rural municipalities is very different. Elections for the rural municipalities were held three times (1933, 1936, 1940), while in the cities, despite announcements, these were not held until the collapse of the state. The appointment procedure adopted during the dictatorship period was retained, although the parliamentary elections of 1935 and 1938 showed that the imposed concepts did not have significant support from the electoral base.
A Historiographical Survey of ”Ius Valachicum” among Romanians and Vlachs
Authors: Cosma Ela
Published: January 2024

The purpose of our study is to investigate the current state of research regarding Ius Valachicum in Romanian and foreign historiography. After presenting Romanian history, palaeography and the legal history of the Carpatho-Danubian space, we turn to the Polish historiography of the North Vlachs, with respect to the Serbo-Croatian historiography of the South Vlachs. Finally, we use case studies to illustrate two enacted customary laws of the Vlachs from Croatia. The methods used in this paper include description, analysis, and comparison, as well as exploratory and applied research. The article is a historiographical survey of Ius Valachicum among the Romanians and Vlachs. The medieval and premodern consuetudinary laws of the Romanians and Vlachs are reflected both in primary and secondary sources, from 14thcentury historical documents to historiographical preoccupations dedicated to Ius Vlachicum from the 18thand 19th centuries. First, we refer to the special literature explaining both ethnonyms and the historical-geographical spread of the Romanians and Vlachs. Then we present the Romanian historiography investigating the manifestations and features of Ius Valachicum in the geographical area belonging to the present-day Romanian state. Turning to the Czech and Polish historiography, the occurrence of Ius Valachicum is revealed among the North Vlachs from medieval and premodern Poland, Ruthenia, and Hungary. We also review the Serbo-Croatian historiography of the Ius Valachicum specific to the South Vlachs from Croatia and Serbia. Finally, two enacted customary laws of the Vlachs from Croatia (1436, 1630) are analysed from the point of view of legal history. These codifications of Ius Valachicum prove the juridical power and importance acquired by the Croatian Vlachs during the Middle Ages. The historiographical pros and cons, as well as the critical remarks presented at the end of this study, at the same time, offer a few methodological solutions for future investigations of Romanian and Vlach Ius Valachicum.