bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Restitusi dan Proses Managerial Pemeriksaan Restitusi Pajak Pertambahan Nilai di KPPN Manokwari
Authors: Usman Sarah Waode
Published: February 2018

Pajak Pertambahan Nilai (PPN) adalah suatu jenis pajak yang berbasis konsumsi yang dikenakan atas nilai tambah dari suatu barang atau jasa yang ditransaksikan. Di Indonesia pada tahun 1983 telah menerapkan pajak pejualan (PPn) dan kemudian pada 1 April 1985 diganti dengan nama Pajak Pertambahan Nilai (PPN). apabila terdapat kelebihan pembayaan pajak pertambahan nilai sebagaimana dilaporkan dalam Surat Pemberitahun (SPT) atau apabila terdapat kekeliruan pemungutan atau pemotongan yang menyebabkan kelebihan pembayaran pajak yang disebut restitusi. Hak ini dapat ditunaikan setelah mengajukan permohonan yang ditindaklanjuti dengan pemeriksaan dan penelitian akan kebenaran pembayaran pajak.

Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana tingkat restitusi terhadap penerimaan pajak pertambahan nilai di kantor pelayanan manokwari dan bagaimana proses pemeriksaan restitusi di kantor pelayanan manokwari. Penelitian ini menggunakan mix method, yaitu kuantitaif yang menjelaskan tentang pengaruh restitusi dan penerimaan pajak pertambahan nilai, serta kualitatif yang menjelaskan proses pemeriksaan restitusi di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Manokwari. Desain dalam penelitian ini yaitu secara Sequential   Explanatory. Data yang digunakan data restitusi, penerimaan pajak pertambahan nilai 2010 – 2015 dan Proses pemeriksaan restitusi. Alat analisis adalah regresi sederhana yang menggambarkan hubungan variabel bebas (X) adalah restitusi pajak pertambahan nilai dan variabel terikat (Y) adalah penerimaan pajak pertambahan nilai. Selanjutnya melihat proses restitusi yang dilakukan dengan verifikasi yaitu melihat prosedur tatacara pemeriksaan restitusi berdasarkan peraturan dan penyelenggaraan pemeriksaan restitusi oleh kantor pelayanan pajak manokwari.

Hasil yang diperoleh secara regresi adalah Nilai koefisien determinasi (KD) yang diperoleh adalah 23% yang dapat ditafsirkan bahwa variabel bebas yaitu restitusi berkontribusi sebesar 23% terhadap variabel Y yaitu penerimaan pajak dan 77% lainnya dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain diluar variabel restitusi pajak (X). nilai korelasi adalah 0,480, dengan significant sebesar 0,336 yang berarti model regresi linier  bersifat lemah dan variabel restitusi tidak mempengaruhi variabel penerimaan pajak. Proses pemeriksaan restitusi di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Manokwari berlangsung sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Keuangan RI Nomor 184/PMK.03/2015 tentang Tata Cara Pemeriksaan.
Pemanfaatan Website Sebagai Media Promosi Dan Meningkatkan Peserta Didik Pada (Ma) Madrasah Aliyah Ibrohimiyyah Demak
Authors: Hanu Febryantahanuji
Published: February 2018

Perkembangan teknologi informasi berkembang pesat terutama untuk kepentingan bisnis dan promosi sebuah produk maupun perusahaan. Tidak ketinggalan layaknya perusahaan. Begiti pula dalam dunia pendidikan, hal ini menjadi dampak yang cukup berarti di bidang pendidikan untuk terus menunjukkan eksistensinya dalam dunia teknologi. Dalam perkembangan teknologi informasi terutama internet yang dapat menimbulkan rasa ketertarikan dan penasaran karena internet dapat membuat banyak orang tidak merasa mudah jenuh, dengan internet kita dapat dengan mudah untuk membuka jendela informasi yang cepat dan terkini. Maka tidak ada salahnya beberapa instansi mulai menggunakan website. Dengan website siapapun dapat mempromosikan sebuah instansi metode tersebut secara tidak langsung berhubungan dengan teknologi informasi, salah satu caranya adalah dengan memanfaatkan website sebagai media pemasaran dan promosi. Diharapkan MA Ibrohimiyyah dapat menggunakan website untuk meningkatkan promosi instansi dan peserta didik. Dengan adanya website promosi tidak akan terbatas oleh tempat dan waktu. Sehingga hal ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan peserta didik sesuai dengan harapan instansi.

Kata kunci: Pemanfaatan website, Pemasaran, Promosi, Media Pemasaran
IS THERE ANY IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE? (An Empirical Study From College Student In Jakarta)
Authors: Nurcahyo Bagus
Published: February 2018

This study aimed to examine empirically the social network activities that affect academic performance. Obtain sample data using questionnaires and obtain data from top 10 universities in Webometrics and total 75 respondents. This study examined the utilization period of social networks, social network usage motivation, academic data and activities respondents perceived influence on academic performance. Using multiple regression techniques, the study found that social network activity does not negatively impact on academic performance.

 

Keywords: social network, Facebook, Twitter, Academic Performance, GPA
Efektivitas Minyak Atsiri Serai Wangi (Combypogon nardus) Sebagai Insektisida Alami Untuk Kecoa Amerika (Periplaneta americana)
Authors: Retno Arimurti Anindita Riesti
Published: February 2018

ABSTRAK Cockroaches are one of the most common types of insects around our neighborhood, and it is one of the most dangerous insects because some species of cockroaches are known to transmit disease in humans such as tuberculosis, typhoid, asthma, cholera, and hepatitis. Eradication of cockroaches can be done physically and chemically, the use of chemical-based insecticides can cause respiratory problems. In an insecticide drug containing natural ingredients contain essential oils, the content of essential oil compounds serve as an anti-insect drug on citronella. This study aimed to determine the effect of essential oils of citronella fragrance to cockroaches. This type of research was experimental. The population in this study were cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) obtained from the houses of villagers of Tanjung, Sampang, Madura. The total sample was 32 adult stage cockroaches. Data analysis was using free T test with error rate of  5% or 0,05.The results showed that cockroaches stopped moving with an average of 15.75. Based on T test results showed the significant results of 0.00 which was smaller than 0.05 then H0 was rejected Ha was accepted. It can be concluded that the essential oils of citronella fragrance have an effect on the death of cockroaches. Keywords: Cockroach, Essential Oil Of Citronella Fragrance (Cymbopogon nardus)
Efektivitas Perasan Daun Keji Beling (Sericocalyx crispus Linn) Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Artanti Dita
Published: February 2018

Indonesia with the title gemah ripah loh jinawi is never separated from the wealth of its natural resources, especially on the type of flora. Indonesia is rich in the types of medicinal plants one of which is a Keji beling plant. The Keji beling plants by the community are used as anti diabetic, diuretic, antisipilis, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and laksatif. A research has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of the vermicelli leaves (Sericocalyx crispus linn) in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. This study was experimental laboratory consisting of 24 samples with 6 treatments with 4 replications. The concentration of the vermicelli leaves is 0%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The method used in this research is dilution method. Data were analyzed by ANOVA analysis at 5% error rate (α = 0,05). The follow-up test uses Tukey's Honest Significant Difference (Tukey's HSD) test. The results showed that the vermicelli leaves are effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The concentration of the best Keji beling leaves that can inhibit the growth of S. aureus is at 100% concentration because only 19 colonies grow. While the minimum inhibitory power is obtained at a concentration of 75%. Key word :  Keji beling leaves, Staphylococcus aureus
Pengaruh Lama Pemanasan Terhadap Kadar Alkohol Pada Nira Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer)
Authors: Mardiyah Siti
Published: February 2018

abstractNira is a raw material for the manufacture of liquid brown sugar, palm sugar, and alcoholic beverages. Among these products are the most widely used alcoholic beverage. During this siwalan juice as a beverage consumed fresh, the storage period is relatively short whice for 1-2 days. If after 3 days the beverage is consumed will have a negative impact, to reduce the alcohol content is then made warming. Based on the above background can be taken formulation of the problem "whether there was an effect on levels of alcohol prolonged heating on sap siwalan"?. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an effect on levels of alcohol prolonged heating on sap siwalan. This research is a kind of experimental research with the aim to determine the effect of prolonged heating of the alcohol content in the sap siwalan. The sampling technique used was random sampling, totaling 24 samples. Variable work was composed of independent variables and the dependent variable. Alcohol Examination conducted on sap siwalan by doing without heating or 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes, using a number of methods Pycnometer six replication. From these results a decrease in the average alcohol content of sap siwalan on any heating for 10 min, 20 min and 30 min, after using ANOVA statistical test obtained p = 0.000 (p <0.05) can be summed Ha Ho is rejected or accepted which means there is prolonged heating effect on levels of alcohol in the juice siwalan.Key word : Nira, Level of alcohol, prolonger heating
Analisa Kadar Protein Pada Teripang (Holothuria argus) Terhadap Lama Perebusan
Authors: Kunsah Baterun
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTProtein is the most important nutrients in the body, which serves as a new network-forming and maintaining or repairing worn tissue. Protein cucumbers reach 82% of his body. However, the protein can undergo denaturation when heated. Formulation of the research problem is whether there was an effect on long boiling sea cucumbers (Holothuria argus) the protein content. The research objective was to determine whether there is a long effect on the boiling sea cucumbers (Holothuria argus) the protein content.This type of research is experimental. The study population was all kinds of sea cucumbers are caught by fishermen in Kel.Sukolilo Kec.Bulak Surabaya. The research sample is sea cucumber Holothuria argus species caught by fishermen in Kel.Sukolilo Kec.Bulak Surabaya. Research using the 5 treatments with 5 repetitions. Criteria longer boiling is P1 (0 min / control), P2 (15 min), P3 (30 minutes), P4 (45 minutes), and P5 (60 minutes).Data examined protein levels by means of laboratory tests. Based on the laboratory results obtained average amount of 16.948% protein content in boiling 0 minutes, 13.068% in 15 minutes, 11.986% at 30 minutes, 10.652% at 45 minutes, and 8.732% in boiling water 60 minutes.Test results are then tested the statistical ANOVA showed significant values where 0.000 <0.05 (α). It can be concluded that there is a long effect on the boiling sea cucumbers (Holothuria argus) the protein content.Keywords: Sea Cucumber & Protein Levels
ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN APLIKASI SISTEM PENDUKUNG PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PEMINATAN JURUSAN BERBASIS ANDROID DEVELOPMENT TOOLS (ADT) DENGAN PENERAPAN METODE NAIVE BAYES DAN TEOREMA BAYES
Authors: Suherdi Devri
Published: February 2018

Penentuan peminatan jurusan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode naïve baye, Naïve Bayes merupakan metode Bayesian Learning yang paling cepat dan sederhan. Penentuan peminatan dilakukan dengan menghitungpeluang terhadap mata kuliah dasar yang wajib lulus bagi mahasiswa/I Aplikasi peminatan jurusan berbasis android ini dirancang menggunakan gabungan bahasa pemograman Java SDK dan Android SDK dengan menggunakan eclips sebagai editor program yang di bunding dalam satu aplikasi yaitu Android Development Tools ( ADT ). Aplikasi ini sudah biasa digunakan untuk penentuan peminatan jurusan.  Nilai KHS sebagai input dasar penentuan peminatan. Namun aplikasi ini masih perlu pengembangan lebih lanjut agar dapat di jalankan dalam jaringan atau internet sehingga dapat di akses kapan pun dan dimana Pun yang dibutuhkan oleh pengguna
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM PENGOLAH DATA SENSUS PENDUDUK BERBASIS MULTI USER DI KECAMATAN MEDAN KOTA
Authors: Nasution Khairuddin , M.Kom. Antoni
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini dibuat untuk aplikasi sistem yang dapat digunakan dengan mudah dalam melakukan pekerjaan dan mendukung dalam pengambilan keputusan. Bahasa pemograman yang dipakai adalah Delphi dan untuk databasenya menggunakan MySql. Aplikasi berbasis multiuser ini digunakan untuk menganalisis dan memproyeksi tingkat pertumbuhan penduduk, melakukan pencarian penduduk dengan lebih cepat,memberikan suatu pemetaan kepadatan penduduk serta dapat menentukan perhitungan jumlah penduduk.
HEROISM IN LIN CARTER’S NOVEL THE QUEST OF KADJI
Authors: Sawira Sawira , Suhadi Jumino , Manugeren M.
Published: February 2018

Abstract The focus of the study goes to the protagonist’s heroism in making his country a peaceful state. There always seems to be a hero in everyone’s life; everyone has one, and many act as one. A. hero is simply a man admired for his achievements and noble qualities. Despite the accuracy of any dictionary, a hero can be defined according to the mind of the beholder. Heroes have been constructed in many fictional literary works and myths, as well as in reality.  This research is conducted by means of descriptive qualitative method proposed by Krathwohl (2010), and the theory of heroism applied is the one proposed by Kohen (2010). There are three forms of heroism showed by Kadji, the protagonist of the novel: courage, sacrifice and suffering. Kadji is still young but urged by his courage, he is ready to take an official assignment to finish the enemy of his state, named Shamad. The study is conducted by applying descriptive qualitative method with purposes of describing, explaining and validating things related to the data taken from the novel. From the research result it is seen that Kadji in quest of the enemy experiences sacrifice and suffering but motored by his courage all is settled down  to the upmost outcome. Kadji is a real patriot for his state and his clans as he has shown a spirit of heroism in all his steps. Kadji has proved himself to be a hero. It is in line with what Kohen (2010) claims that  heroes are people who transform compassion or a personal virtue into heroic action or a civic virtue. He has proved so much to his forefathers of his fatherland that they do not tolerate traitors.  Keywords: heroism, courage, sacrifice, suffering
Avoiding Bias When Estimating the Consistency and Stability of Value-Added School Effects
Authors: Leckie George
Published: February 2018

The traditional approach to estimating the consistency of school effects across subject areas and the stability of school effects across time is to fit separate value-added multilevel models to each subject or cohort and to correlate the resulting empirical Bayes predictions. We show that this gives biased correlations and these biases cannot be avoided by simply correlating “unshruken” or “reflated” versions of these predicted random effects. In contrast, we show that fitting a joint value-added multilevel multivariate response model simultaneously to all subjects or cohorts directly gives unbiased estimates of the correlations of interest. There is no need to correlate the resulting empirical Bayes predictions and indeed we show that this should again be avoided as the resulting correlations are also biased. We illustrate our arguments with separate applications to measuring the consistency and stability of school effects in primary and secondary school settings. However, our arguments apply more generally to other areas of application where researchers routinely interpret correlations between predicted random effects rather than estimating and interpreting these correlation directly.
Gross Motor Outcomes of Children Born Prematurely in Northern Ontario and Followed by a Neonatal Follow-Up Programme
Authors: Bélanger Roxanne , Mayer-Crittenden Chantal , Minor-Corriveau Michèle , Robillard Manon
Published: February 2018

Purpose: The developing brain of a premature infant is vulnerable to injury. As a result, the long-term consequences of a premature birth include motor deficits, cognitive and behavioural problems. It is crucial to identify motor dysfunction during the preschool period because it interferes with a child's ability to explore the world. The goals of this study were to (1) provide preliminary data on the gross motor outcomes of children born prematurely and (2) determine the proportion and characteristics of the children who had maintained delays over the course of follow-up. Method: A retrospective chart review was conducted on all infants monitored by a neonatal follow-up programme. Each child was assessed by a single physiotherapist from birth until age 2 years. Of the 107 cases identified, 97 individuals were retained for analysis; they had a mean gestational age of 31.1 (SD 2.9) weeks and a mean birth weight of 1.66 (SD 0.53) kilograms. Results: The majority of children assessed were found to have gross motor outcomes in the average range. Children with scores below the average range were most often born very preterm (VPT) or moderately preterm (MPT), with very low or low birth weight, respectively. A total of 17 participants were referred to physiotherapy to address the gross motor delays identified in the follow-up programme; 14 of these 17 had previously been identified as delayed and were being monitored. Late preterm (LPT) children (n=6) were most often referred, followed by those born extremely preterm (EPT) and VPT (n=4). In total, 56 children were identified as delayed at one assessment point but were found to be within normal limits by the end of the follow-up period. Conclusion: It is important to periodically monitor premature children. A longitudinal, population-based study is also needed to provide more data on the predictors and long-term motor outcomes of MPT and LPT children.
Therapeutic electrical stimulation of injured peripheral nerve tissue using implantable thin-film wireless nerve stimulators
Authors: MacEwan Matthew R. , Gamble Paul , Stephen Manu , Ray Wilson Z.
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVE

Electrical stimulation of peripheral nerve tissue has been shown to accelerate axonal regeneration. Yet existing methods of applying electrical stimulation to injured peripheral nerves have presented significant barriers to clinical translation. In this study, the authors examined the use of a novel implantable wireless nerve stimulator capable of simultaneously delivering therapeutic electrical stimulation of injured peripheral nerve tissue and providing postoperative serial assessment of functional recovery.

METHODS

Flexible wireless stimulators were fabricated and implanted into Lewis rats. Thin-film implants were used to deliver brief electrical stimulation (1 hour, 20 Hz) to sciatic nerves after nerve crush or nerve transection-and-repair injuries.

RESULTS

Electrical stimulation of injured nerves via implanted wireless stimulators significantly improved functional recovery. Brief electrical stimulation was observed to increase the rate of functional recovery after both nerve crush and nerve transection-and-repair injuries. Wireless stimulators successfully facilitated therapeutic stimulation of peripheral nerve tissue and serial assessment of nerve recovery.

CONCLUSIONS

Implantable wireless stimulators can deliver therapeutic electrical stimulation to injured peripheral nerve tissue. Implantable wireless nerve stimulators might represent a novel means of facilitating therapeutic electrical stimulation in both intraoperative and postoperative settings.
Analysis of electromagnetic force and experiments in electromagnetic forming with local loading
Authors: Qiu Li , Yu Yijie , Yang Yuqi , Nie Xiaopeng , Xiao Yao , Ning Yan , Wang Fazhi , Cao Cheng
Published: February 2018

Electromagnetic forming (EMF) is a processing technology using pulsed electromagnetic force to achieve a high forming speed. It draws wide attention because it significantly improves metal material formability. At present, the electromagnetic force is ordinarily generated in the whole workpiece area during the EMF process, which results in a conical contour of formed workpiece with poor forming performance. Therefore, this paper proposes a method named Electromagnetic Forming with Local Loading (EMFLL), in which the electromagnetic force is mainly generated in the specific area of the workpiece. By using ANSYS Software, it gives the simulations for the analysis of the magnetic flux density distribution and the electromagnetic force distribution in the EMFLL process with the new type of coil. The obtained results show that the electromagnetic force generated by the new type of coil is more concentrated. Finally, a series of experiments on the traditional EMF and EMFLL of AA5052 with a diameter of 160 mm and a thickness of 2 mm has been carried out, the experimental results show that a well-proportioned deformation at the bottom of the workpiece is achieved by EMFLL, which verifies that EMFLL has some certain potential in lightweight alloy processing.
Fully coupled magneto-thermo-structural analysis by morphing method and its application to induction heating process for plate bending
Authors: Zhu Ye , Luo Yu
Published: February 2018

Various industrial applications require fully coupled electromagnetic-thermal-structural (ETS) solution. However, the fully coupled ETS technique has rarely been reported. This is mainly due to the difficulty of transferring the displacement from a structural analysis to an electromagnetic analysis in many commercial FEM codes. In this paper, a fully coupled ETS model was constructed with a morphing technique to consider this transfer. This model and a conventional segregated model were then applied to simulate induction heating process of plate bending. It is found that the results with the fully coupled model significantly differed from those with the segregated one. The difference can be attributed to the fact that the former model has changed the air gap between the inductor and the plate in the electromagnetic analysis. Furthermore, the proposed model was modified to compare with the segregated model that has been validated by highly precise experiment. The comparison shows the good agreement.
Pull-up operation of an aluminum ring by utilizing ac ampere type magnetic levitation method
Authors: Ohji Takahisa , Suda Kazuki , Kusano Satoshi , Amei Kenji , Kiyota Kyohei
Published: February 2018

In general, the magnetic levitation (maglev) force on a nonmagnetic metal generated by an alternating magnetic field becomes a repulsive force; therefore, the nonmagnetic metal can only be pushed up from below by the repulsive force. In contrast, our prototype device succeeded in continuously pulling up a thin aluminum ring with a diameter of 120 mm by using ac electromagnetic force based on the ac ampere type maglev method we have proposed. This system operates just as if a permanent magnet attracts a magnetic material. This paper describes the configuration of the prototype device, derivation of exciting current conditions for generating the ac ampere force using finite element analysis and demonstration of steady levitation force and pull-up operation.
Global structure of the heliosphere: 3D kinetic-MHD model and the interpretation of spacecraft data
Authors: Izmodenov V V
Published: February 2018

This paper is a brief overview of research into the interaction between the solar wind and local interstellar medium. This interaction determines the global structure of the heliosphere (the region occupied by the solar wind) and has a complex multicomponent character. We describe the three-dimensional kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic model of the interaction, which includes plasma and neutral components of the interstellar medium and solar wind, the heliospheric and interstellar magnetic fields, and the latitudinal and temporal variations of solar wind parameters. In describing the results, magnetic-field-related effects are given special attention, in particular, the magnetic-field-driven plasma depletion in the vicinity of the heliopause. The model explains a sufficiently large body of data from Voyager-1 and Voyager-2, the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX), the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and other spacecraft. Based on the experimental data and using the model, the parameters of the interstellar medium and of the interstellar magnetic field are determined. It is shown, however, that a single model using a single set of boundary conditions cannot self-consistently explain all the data available. The Voyager-1 data on the scattered solar Lyman-alpha radiation is taken as an example to illustrate the difficulties that arise.
Strong isospin symmetry breaking in light scalar meson production
Authors: Achasov N N , Shestakov G N
Published: February 2018

Isospin symmetry breaking is discussed as a tool for studying the nature and production mechanisms of light scalar mesons. We are concerned with isospin breaking effects with an amplitude (instead of the usual ∼ m
d − m
u), where m
u and m
d are the u and d quark masses, whose magnitude and phase vary with energy in a resonance-like way characteristic of the threshold region. We consider a variety of reactions that can experimentally reveal (or have revealed) the mixing of and f0(980) resonances that breaks the isotopic invariance due to the mass difference between K+ and K0 mesons. Experimental results on the search for mixing in f1(1285) → f0(980) π
0 → π
+
π
−
π
0 and η(1405) → f0(980) π
0 → π
+
π
−
π
0 decays suggest a broader perspective on the isotopic symmetry breaking effects due to the K+−K0 mass difference. It has become clear that not only the mixing but also any mechanism producing pairs with a definite isospin in an S wave gives rise to such effects, thus suggesting a new tool for studying the nature and production mechanisms of light scalars. Of particular interest is the case of a large isotopic symmetry breaking in the η(1405) → f0(980) π
0 → π
+
π
−
π
0 decay due to the occurrence of anomalous Landau thresholds (logarithmic triangle singularities), i.e., due to the transition (where it is of fundamental importance that the K* meson has a finite width).
Ship-Based Measurements of Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations over the Baltic Sea
Authors: Hoglind Hanna , Eriksson Sofia , Gardfeldt Katarina
Published: February 2018

Mercury is a toxic pollutant emitted from both natural sources and through human activities. A global interest in atmospheric mercury has risen ever since the discovery of the Minamata disease in 1956. Properties of gaseous elemental mercury enable long range transport, which can cause pollution even in pristine environments. Gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) was measured from winter 2016 to spring 2017 over the Baltic Sea. A Tekran 2357A mercury analyser was installed aboard the research and icebreaking vessel Oden for the purpose of continuous measurements of gaseous mercury in ambient air. Measurements were performed during a campaign along the Swedish east coast and in the Bothnian Bay near Lulea during the icebreaking season. Data was evaluated from Gothenburg using plotting software, and back trajectories for air masses were calculated. The GEM average of 1.36 ± 0.054 ng/m3 during winter and 1.29 ± 0.140 ng/m3 during spring was calculated as well as a total average of 1.36 ± 0.16 ng/m3. Back trajectories showed a possible correlation of anthropogenic sources elevating the mercury background level in some areas. There were also indications of depleted air, i.e., air with lower concentrations than average, being transported from the Arctic to northern Sweden, resulting in a drop in GEM levels.
Contribution of Lienard-Wiechert Potential to the Electron Broadening of Spectral Lines in Plasmas
Authors: Meftah Mohammed , Arif Khadra , Chenini Keltoum , Touati Kamel , Douis Said
Published: February 2018

Lienard-Wiechert or retarded electric and magnetic fields are produced by moving electric charges with respect to a rest frame. In hot plasmas, such fields may be created by high velocity free electrons. The resulting electric field has a relativistic expression that depends on the ratio of the free electron velocity to the speed of light in vacuum c. In this work, we consider the semi-classical dipole interaction between the emitter ions and the Lienard-Wiechert electric field of the free electrons and compute its contribution to the broadening of the spectral line shape in hot and dense plasmas.
Dynamic Surface Tension Measurements for Animal Blood Analysis and Correlations with Related Biochemical Parameters
Authors: Zaitsev Sergei
Published: February 2018

The dynamic surface tension (DST) data and biochemical parameters (BCP) of animal blood have been obtained. A strong positive correlation was found for goats between σ1, σ2, σ3 (DST) and sodium levels (BCP), λz (DST)—with the levels of lipid and sodium (BCP); whereas a strong negative correlation was found for goats between σ3 (DST) and the level of total protein and chloride (BCP), λz (DST)—with the level of albumin (BCP). A strong positive correlation was found for horses between σ1, σ2, σ3 (DST) and lipid levels (BCP); λ0 (DST)—the level of chloride (BCP); λz (DST)—the level of albumin and chloride (BCP). A strong negative correlation was found for horses between σ1 (DST) and sodium level (BCP); σ2, σ3 (DST) and chloride level (BCP); λ0 (DST) and lipid level (BCP). Some moderate and weak correlations of different types were also found, but these have less importance for practical usage. The particular correlations between BCP and DST data of the same serum samples allowed DST data to be checked directly at the farm, and requiring the use of more expensive and time-consuming biochemical analysis only in cases of high necessity for a particular animal.
Using Aggregation-Induced Emission to Understand Dipeptide Gels
Authors: Castilla Ana , Dietrich Bart , Adams Dave
Published: February 2018

We describe the formation of structured liquids and gels from a functionalised dipeptide based on tetraphenylethylene. Tetraphenylethylene is well-known to be able to undergo aggregation-induced emission. We use the emission data to understand the behaviour of the dipeptide in water under a variety of conditions. The dipeptide forms viscous solutions at high pH. Gels can be formed by a pH-trigger, but syneresis occurs. Addition of a calcium salt also leads to a gel with slight syneresis. Addition of sodium chloride leads to a self-supporting material, but this is not a true gel from the rheological perspective. From the emission data, we infer that there are limited structural changes on addition of sodium chloride or acid, but there are significant changes in molecular packing when the gel is formed by addition of a calcium salt.
Numerical Investigation of Secondary Flow and Loss Development in a Low-Pressure Turbine Cascade with Divergent Endwalls
Authors: Ciorciari Roberto , Schubert Tobias , Niehuis Reinhard
Published: February 2018

Secondary flow and loss development in the T106Div-EIZ low-pressure turbine cascade are investigated utilizing (U)RANS simulations in cases with and without periodically incoming wakes at M a 2 t h = 0 . 59 and R e 2 t h = 2 × 10 5 . The predictions are compared to experimental data presented by Kirik and Niehuis (2015). The axial mid-span and overall loss development in the T106Div-EIZ and the T106A-EIZ in the steady case are analyzed regarding the effects caused by the different loading distributions and by the divergent endwall geometry. Furthermore, the entropy generation is analyzed in the T106Div-EIZ with periodically incoming wakes in several axial positions of interest and compared to the undisturbed steady case. It is found that in the front-loaded T106Div-EIZ, the incoming wakes cause a premature endwall loss production in the front part of the passage, resulting in a lower intensity of the secondary flow downstream of the passage and a redistribution of the loss generation components.
Spray-Dried Cellulose Nanofibril-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites for Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing: Nonisothermal Crystallization Kinetics and Thermal Expansion
Authors: Wang Lu , Gramlich William , Gardner Douglas , Han Yousoo , Tajvidi Mehdi
Published: February 2018

Isotactic polypropylene (iPP) is a versatile polymer. It accounts for the second-largest polymer consumption worldwide. However, iPP is difficult to 3D print via extrusion-based processing. This is attributable to its rapid crystallization rate. In this study, spray-dried cellulose nanofibrils (SDCNF) and maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) were investigated to reveal their effects on the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics and thermal expansion of iPP. SDCNF at 3 wt % and 30 wt % accelerated the crystallization rate of iPP, while SDCNF at 10 wt % retarded the crystallization rate by restricting crystal growth and moderately increasing the nucleation density of iPP. Additionally, adding MAPP into iPP/SDCNF composites accelerated the crystallization rate of iPP. The effective activation energy of iPP increased when more than 10 wt % SDCNF was added. Scanning electron microscopy and polarized light microscopy results indicated that high SDCNF content led to a reduced gap size among SDCNF, which hindered the iPP crystal growth. The coefficient of thermal expansion of iPP/SDCNF10% was 11.7% lower than the neat iPP. In summary, SDCNF, at 10 wt %, can be used to reduce the warping of iPP during extrusion-based additive manufacturing.
Efficient Query Specific DTW Distance for Document Retrieval with Unlimited Vocabulary
Authors: Nagendar Gattigorla , Ranjan Viresh , Harit Gaurav , Jawahar C.
Published: February 2018

In this paper, we improve the performance of the recently proposed Direct Query Classifier (dqc). The (dqc) is a classifier based retrieval method and in general, such methods have been shown to be superior to the OCR-based solutions for performing retrieval in many practical document image datasets. In (dqc), the classifiers are trained for a set of frequent queries and seamlessly extended for the rare and arbitrary queries. This extends the classifier based retrieval paradigm to an unlimited number of classes (words) present in a language. The (dqc) requires indexing cut-portions (n-grams) of the word image and dtw distance has been used for indexing. However, dtw is computationally slow and therefore limits the performance of the (dqc). We introduce query specific dtw distance, which enables effective computation of global principal alignments for novel queries. Since the proposed query specific dtw distance is a linear approximation of the dtw distance, it enhances the performance of the (dqc). Unlike previous approaches, the proposed query specific dtw distance uses both the class mean vectors and the query information for computing the global principal alignments for the query. Since the proposed method computes the global principal alignments using n-grams, it works well for both frequent and rare queries. We also use query expansion (qe) to further improve the performance of our query specific dtw. This also allows us to seamlessly adapt our solution to new fonts, styles and collections. We have demonstrated the utility of the proposed technique over 3 different datasets. The proposed query specific dtw performs well compared to the previous dtw approximations.
Candida–Epithelial Interactions
Authors: Richardson Jonathan , Ho Jemima , Naglik Julian
Published: February 2018

A plethora of intricate and dynamic molecular interactions occur between microbes and the epithelial cells that form the mucosal surfaces of the human body. Fungi, particularly species of Candida, are commensal members of our microbiota, continuously interacting with epithelial cells. Transient and localised perturbations to the mucosal environment can facilitate the overgrowth of fungi, causing infection. This minireview will examine the direct and indirect mechanisms by which Candida species and epithelial cells interact with each other, and explore the factors involved in the central processes of adhesion, invasion, and destruction of host mucosal surfaces.
Inner Leaf Gel of Aloe striata Induces Adhesion-Reducing Morphological Hyphal Aberrations
Authors: Wada Gloria , Vincent Michael , Lee Marcia
Published: February 2018

Fungi, particularly molds that are cosmopolitan in soils, are frequent etiologic agents of opportunistic mycoses. Members of the Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum species complexes are the most commonly implicated etiologic agents of opportunistic fusarial infections in mammals, while Paecilomyces variotii is one of the most frequently encountered Paecilomyces species in human infections. Prevention and treatment of these mycoses are problematic because available antimycotics are limited and often have toxic side effects. Popular folk medicines, such as the inner leaf gel from Aloe spp., offer potential sources for novel antimycotic compounds. To screen for antifungal properties of Aloe striata, we treated conidia of three strains each of F. solani, F. oxysporum, and P. variotii with homogenized and filtered inner leaf gel. Exposure to gel homogenates caused minimal inhibition of conidial germination in tested strains. However, it significantly increased the frequency of hyphal aberrations characterized by increased hyphal diameters that resulted in intervals of non-parallel cell walls. Non-parallel cell walls ostensibly reduce total hyphal surface area available for adhesion. We found a significant decrease in the ability of aberrated P. variotii hyphae to remain adhered to microscope slides after repeated washing with reverse osmosis water. Our results suggest that treatment with A. striata contributes to a decrease in the adhesion frequency of tested P. variotii strains.
Nonlinear Stability of ρ-Functional Equations in Latticetic Random Banach Lattice Spaces
Authors: Maleki V. Mohammad , Vaezpour S. , Saadati Reza
Published: February 2018

In this paper, we prove the generalized nonlinear stability of the first and second of the following ρ -functional equations, G ( | a | Δ A * | b | ) Δ B * G ( | a | Δ A * * | b | ) − G ( | a | ) Δ B * * G ( | b | ) = ρ ( 2 G | a | Δ A * | b | 2 Δ B * G | a | Δ A * * | b | 2 − G ( | a | ) Δ B * * G ( | b | ) ) , and 2 G | a | Δ A * | b | 2 Δ B * G | a | Δ A * * | b | 2 − G ( | a | ) Δ B * * G ( | b | ) = ρ G ( | a | Δ A * | b | ) Δ B * G ( | a | Δ A * * | b | ) − G ( | a | ) Δ B * * G ( | b | ) in latticetic random Banach lattice spaces, where ρ is a fixed real or complex number with ρ ≠ 1 .
Development of Volatile Compounds during Hydrolysis of Porcine Hemoglobin with Papain
Authors: Bak Kathrine , Petersen Mikael , Lametsch René , Hansen Erik , Ruiz-Carrascal Jorge
Published: February 2018

There is a growing market for the use of hydrolysates from animal side-streams for production of high-protein supplements. However, there can be issues with development of off-flavors, either due to the raw material in question or due to the hydrolysis process itself. This study examined the development of volatile compounds during hydrolysis of hemoglobin. Briefly, porcine hemoglobin was hydrolyzed by 0.5% papain for up to 5 h, and the development of volatile compounds was analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that there was significant development of a number of volatile compounds with time, e.g., certain Maillard reaction and lipid oxidation products, which are likely candidates for the aroma development during hydrolysis. Furthermore, it was shown that development of a number of the volatiles was due to the hydrolysis process, as these compounds were not found in a control without enzyme.
Antibacterial Activities of Azole Complexes Combined with Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Bello-Vieda Nestor , Pastrana Homero , Garavito Manuel , Ávila Alba , Celis Adriana , Muñoz-Castro Alvaro , Restrepo Silvia , Hurtado John
Published: February 2018

Growing antimicrobial resistance is considered a potential threat for human health security by health organizations, such as the WHO, CDC and FDA, pointing to MRSA as an example. New antibacterial drugs and complex derivatives are needed to combat the development of bacterial resistance. Six new copper and cobalt complexes of azole derivatives were synthesized and isolated as air-stable solids and characterized by melting point analyses, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), and infrared and ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy. The analyses and spectral data showed that the complexes had 1:1 (M:L) stoichiometries and tetrahedral geometries, the latter being supported by DFT calculations. The antibacterial activities of the metal complexes by themselves and combined with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs; 2 μg mL−1) were assessed in vitro by broth microdilution assays against eight bacterial strains of clinical relevance. The results showed that the complexes alone exhibited moderate antibacterial activities. However, when the metal complexes were combined with AgNPs, their antibacterial activities increased (up to 10-fold in the case of complex 5), while human cell viabilities were maintained. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) values were in the range of 25–500 μg mL−1. This study thus presents novel approaches for the design of materials for fighting bacterial resistance. The use of azole complexes combined with AgNPs provides a new alternative against bacterial infections, especially when current treatments are associated with the rapid development of antibiotic resistance.
High Catalytic Efficiency of Nanostructured β-CoMoO4 in the Reduction of the Ortho-, Meta- and Para-Nitrophenol Isomers
Authors: Al-Wadaani Fahd , Omer Ahmed , Abboudi Mostafa , Oudghiri Hassani Hicham , Rakass Souad , Messali Mouslim , Benaissa Mohammed
Published: February 2018

Nanostructured β-CoMoO4 catalysts have been prepared via the thermal decomposition of an oxalate precursor. The catalyst was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The efficiency of these nanoparticles in the reduction of ortho- and meta-nitrophenol isomers (2-NP, 3-NP, and 4-NP) to their corresponding aminophenols was tested using UV-visible spectroscopy measurements. It was found that, with a β-CoMoO4 catalyst, NaBH4 reduces 3-NP instantaneously, whilst the reduction of 2-NP and 4-NP is slower at 8 min. This difference is thought to arise from the lower acidity of 3-NP, where the negative charge of the phenolate could not be delocalized onto the oxygen atoms of the meta-nitro group.
Dietary Phytoestrogen Intake is Inversely Associated with Hypertension in a Cohort of Adults Living in the Mediterranean Area
Authors: Godos Justyna , Bergante Sonia , Satriano Angela , Pluchinotta Francesca , Marranzano Marina
Published: February 2018

Background: Dietary polyphenols, including phytoestrogens are abundantly present in a balanced diet. Evidence for their role in preventing non-communicable diseases is emerging. Methods: We examined the association between estimated habitual intakes of dietary phytoestrogens and hypertension in a cohort study. The baseline data included 1936 men and women aged 18 years and older. Intakes of total phytoestrogens, isoflavones, and lignans were calculated from validated food frequency questionnaire. Data on the polyphenols content in foods were retrieved from the Phenol-Explorer database. Results: Individuals in the highest quartile of dietary phytoestrogens intake were less likely to be hypertensive (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.44–0.98); moreover, the association showed a significant decreasing trend. Isoflavones and lignans were not associated with lower odds of hypertension; however, some individual compounds, such as biochanin A and pinoresinol showed an independent inverse association with hypertension. Conclusions: Dietary phytoestrogens are associated with lower likelihood of hypertension in adults living in the Mediterranean area. Future studies are needed to confirm the present findings (i.e., prospective cohort studies) and to better understand the mechanisms underlying such associations.
Nectandra grandiflora By-Products Obtained by Alternative Extraction Methods as a Source of Phytochemicals with Antioxidant and Antifungal Properties
Authors: Da Silva Daniela , Herrera Rene , Heinzmann Berta , Calvo Javier , Labidi Jalel
Published: February 2018

Nectandra grandiflora Nees (Lauraceae) is a Brazilian native tree recognized by its durable wood and the antioxidant compounds of its leaves. Taking into account that the forest industry offers the opportunity to recover active compounds from its residues and by-products, this study identifies and underlines the potential of natural products from Nectandra grandiflora that can add value to the forest exploitation. This study shows the effect of three different extraction methods: conventional (CE), ultrasound-assisted (UAE) and microwave-assisted (MAE) on Nectandra grandiflora leaf extracts (NGLE) chemical yields, phenolic and flavonoid composition, physical characteristics as well as antioxidant and antifungal properties. Results indicate that CE achieves the highest extraction phytochemical yield (22.16%), but with similar chemical composition to that obtained by UAE and MAE. Moreover, CE also provided a superior thermal stability of NGLE. The phenolic composition of NGLE was confirmed firstly, by colorimetric assays and infrared spectra and then by chromatographic analysis, in which quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside was detected as the major compound (57.75–65.14%). Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of the NGLE was not altered by the extraction methods, finding a high radical inhibition in all NGLE (>80% at 2 mg/mL). Regarding the antifungal activity, there was observed that NGLE possess effective bioactive compounds, which inhibit the Aspergillus niger growth.
Horrendous-Difference Disabilities, Resurrected Saints, and the Beatific Vision: A Theodicy
Authors: Williams Scott
Published: February 2018

Marilyn Adams rightly pointed out that there are many kinds of evil, some of which are horrendous. I claim that one species of horrendous evil is what I call horrendous-difference disabilities. I distinguish two subspecies of horrendous-difference disabilities based in part on the temporal relation between one’s rational moral wishing for a certain human function F and its being thwarted by intrinsic and extrinsic conditions. Next, I offer a theodicy for each subspecies of horrendous-difference disability. Although I appeal to some claims made by Marilyn Adams for this theodicy, I reject one particular claim. I deny that one must be aware that one participates in a horrendous evil when the horrific event occurs. To develop this point and its relevance for a theodicy for horrendous-difference disabilities, I engage with Andrew Chignell’s work on infant suffering. In doing so, I show that what partly motivates the claim is a time-bias, i.e., near-bias. By rejecting this time-bias, I show how it is possible, given post-mortem life, for persons with profound cognitive disabilities to participate in horrendous evils and how these might be defeated by God.