bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nommer les rues : les traces d’une implication citoyenne à Paris (1871-1898)
Authors: Boussac Eurydice
Published: September 2023

Au lendemain de sa proclamation en 1870, la IIIᵉ République, à l’instar de tous les régimes qui l’ont précédée depuis la Révolution, érige les dénominations des rues en enjeu politique majeur, pour asseoir sa légitimité et affirmer son avènement. Dans la capitale, cette prérogative est partagée entre le préfet de la Seine, qui représente l’État, et le conseil municipal de Paris qui tente d’acquérir plus d’autonomie. Cet article s’éloigne du prisme institutionnel traditionnel pour se rapprocher des habitants, premiers concernés par ces changements, bousculant leurs repères ordinaires et impactant leur expérience urbaine. À partir d’une cinquantaine de lettres de citoyens qui s’adressent à la préfecture de la Seine ou au conseil municipal entre 1871 et 1898, l’article aborde la question des moteurs et des stratégies argumentatives adoptées par les pétitionnaires, et il propose de comprendre comment cette implication originale est révélatrice d’une volonté citoyenne de participer et d’être pleinement acteur de la fabrique de la ville
Urbanisation et requêtes judiciaires. Usages et effets de la « complainte possessoire » dans les marges marseillaises au tournant des xixe et xxe siècles
Authors: Bechini Thibault
Published: September 2023

Entre le milieu du xixe siècle et la Première Guerre mondiale, Marseille connaît une croissance démographique soutenue qui s’accompagne de l’urbanisation progressive des marges phocéennes. La conversion des terres agricoles en foncier urbain ne se fait pas sans heurt et s’accompagne de nombreux conflits de mitoyenneté, qui fonctionnent à la fois comme des révélateurs des tensions créées par l’urbanisation et comme des outils d’actualisation du parcellaire. De ce fait, les plaintes portées à la connaissance des tribunaux civils jouent un rôle décisif dans la production des quartiers périphériques. Grâce aux minutes de la justice de paix, il est possible d’avoir un accès direct aux réclamations des habitants, formulées à travers des « complaintes possessoires », et de suivre le traitement qui leur est réservé non seulement par les magistrats, mais encore par les experts judiciairement désignés pour penser en droit les problèmes qui naissent de l’urbanisation
Habitat individuel urbain et propriété en Union soviétique. Les plaintes pour expropriation à Riga (1956-1990)
Authors: Le Bourhis Eric
Published: September 2023

Cet article étudie l’habitat individuel de la périphérie de la ville soviétique de Riga dans les années 1950-1980. Il s’appuie sur un corpus de plaintes contestant des expropriations et destructions, traitées par les autorités municipales. Il s’agit d’éclairer la fabrique de la ville en scrutant un habitat au moment de sa disparition. Alors que ce type de tissu urbain est méconnu en Union soviétique, les requêtes offrent une opportunité pour documenter sa matéralité (maisons et jardins) et lui donner une consistance sociale grâce à des usages (locations, jardinage…). Pour cela, les descriptions faites par les habitants à l’appui de leurs plaintes sont replacées dans le cadre des négociations engagées entre administrés et administration autour des expropriations. L’analyse éclaire notamment les régimes de propriété qui encadraient cet habitat et les arrangements trouvés par les habitants dans l’occupation des biens, qui expliquent leur attachement à ce type d’habitat
Astérix au Japon
Authors: Nemoto Misako
Published: September 2023

La série Astérix n’a jamais connu de succès au Japon où après la parution de trois albums dans les années 1970, personne n’en a guère plus entendu parler, à la différence de Tintin. L’échec s’explique avant tout par des différences culturelles. La société codifiée et conventionnelle japonaise s’accommode mal de l’insoumission gaillarde et indisciplinée que vante la série. C’est aussi le républicanisme gaulois du village, régi par les seules lois de l’amitié ou de la compréhension de l’autre, où chacun pèse de son individualité, qui reste souvent impénétrable pour le Japonais, pétri d’étiquette et de protocole. L’humanisme individualiste de la série est une pratique européenne difficile à assimiler. D’autres explications tiennent à la nature du marché de la bande dessinée au Japon, largement dominé par les mangas, et aux caractéristiques d’une traduction haut de gamme et par là même inadaptée.
Astérix à la conquête du monde virtuel
Authors: Tarquini Gianna
Published: September 2023

Cette étude se propose d’analyser les jeux vidéo d’Astérix, re-création numérique moderne de la série. Il s’agit, en se plaçant dans le cadre des Game Studies, de montrer en quoi ils se distinguent des autres adaptations d’Astérix. L’une de leurs caractéristiques est leur grande hétérogénéité, selon le type de texte (informatif, narratif, interactif) et le niveau d’affichage (code de programmation, affichage textuel pour la traduction et affichage multimédia pour l’utilisateur final), ce qui est la cause de contraintes traductives. La localisation du texte affiché sur l’écran est ainsi soumise à des contraintes spatiales, techniques (des parties du code de programmation doivent être interprétées et traduites) et aux difficultés dues à la décontextualisation. De plus, la langue source est le français, mais l’anglais est employé comme langue pivot vers l’italien, l’allemand et l’espagnol. Les choix traductifs sont essentiels dans un jeu à caractère multiculturel et intertextuel, entre bande dessinée, dessin animé et film.
Rivisitazioni italofone dell’onomastica personale di trafila francese: l’anticipazione dell’accento in Valle d’Aosta
Authors: Revelli Luisa
Published: September 2023

Lorsque la tendance des locuteurs italophones à anticiper la syllabe tonique dans la prononciation des mots étrangers s’étend au domaine des anthroponymes, il est intéressant de s’interroger sur les raisons qui motivent ce phénomène: en effet, les dynamiques de ré-accentuation des noms personnels, ainsi que des noms de famille, peuvent suivre des itinéraires différents de ceux des substantifs communs ou pour les autres classes de noms propres. De plus, si ce phénomène se passe dans des contextes bilingues et concerne des formes de tradition française (comme dans le cas de la Vallée d’Aoste, pris comme exemple ici), le fait de n’évaluer les choix des locuteurs qu’en fonction de l’éloignement des formes étymologiques ou des règles de correction normative peut s’avérer réducteur. Ce genre de résultats peut en effet refléter des réinterprétations et des représentations psycho-sociolinguistiques des codes du répertoire.
¿Puedo reconocer a un par distante?
Authors: Madroñal Ignacio
Published: September 2023

Dos clases de desacuerdo han resultado de gran interés para la epistemología social durante las últimas décadas: los desacuerdos profundos, que tienen lugar cuando la disputa entre las partes es sistemática y particularmente difícil de resolver, y los desacuerdos entre pares epistémicos, ocasionados por el enfrentamiento entre agentes que tienen la misma evidencia y virtudes cognitivas respecto del tema en discusión. El propósito de este artículo es trabajar en la intersección de ellos, evaluando las consecuencias de que un desacuerdo entre pares sea profundo. En particular, argumento que, cuando un desacuerdo llega a niveles de profundidad muy altos, es imposible que las partes se reconozcan entre sí como pares, dado que no pueden asumir que son igualmente racionales.
Cybersecurity, privacy, and health data protection in the digital strategy of the European Union
Authors: Botrugno Carlo
Published: September 2023

Contemporary societies increasingly rely on the opportunities created by technologies that make possible the production, collection, processing, and reuse of huge datasets to obtain inferences that can be used in the most disparate fields. Among these, healthcare stands out in importance since in medical practice a considerable series of personal information is exchanged and shared. The protection needs of the individual sphere in the healthcare sector acquire a specific scope with reference to the use of information and communication technologies, which allow patients and healthcare professionals to communicate, or the latter among them, in view of the achievement of a series of goals that pertain to the diagnosis, prevention, monitoring, rehabilitation and treatment of an increasingly large number of diseases. In such a context, this works aims at proving a synthetic overview on the whole architecture adopted by the European Union in the field of cybersecurity, privacy, and health data protection, which appears fundamental for guaranteeing the fundamental rights of European citizens but also to deal with the challenges posed by the digital transition of contemporary societies.
Wireless Hacking
Authors: Gupta Shubh , Arshi Oroos , Aggarwal Ambika
Published: September 2023

The network has become portable as a result of digital modulation, adaptive modulation, information compression, wireless access, and multiplexing. Wireless devices connected to the internet can possess a serious risk to the information security. These devices communicate among themselves in a public domain which is very easily susceptible to attacks. These devices only depend upon the encryption and their shared keys to help them mitigate the risk when data is in transit. Also WEP/WPA (wired equivalent privacy/ wireless protected access) cracking tools are taken care to avoid break into attacks. Several wireless networks, their security features, threats, and countermeasures to keep the network secure are all covered in this chapter. It analyses various wireless encryption techniques, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. The chapter also explores wireless network attack techniques and provides countermeasures to safeguard the information systems and also provide a wireless penetration testing framework for safeguarding the wireless network.
Marketing Innovation Responsiveness in the Food and Beverage Marketplace
Authors: Lewis Eugene J. , Burrell Darrell Norman , Richardson Kevin , Jones Laura Ann , Quisenberry William L. , Daryousef Marlena , Burton Sharon L. , Crowe Margaret , Jones Angel Justo
Published: September 2023

COVID-19 had a devastating effect on the wine industry, decimating wineries' on-premise sales and forcing down projected industry revenue for 2020 by 14%. The decline in wine producers' sales had a rippled effect on income and revenue. COVID-19 has forced small businesses in the wine industry to develop new approaches to gain revenue and gain new customers to be sustainable. This chapter uses action research to explore some winery best practices in adaptability and organizational sustainability when markets became disrupted due to COVID-19.
Doppler Studies-Based Assessment of High-Risk Pregnancies Based on Cerebroplacental Ratios
Authors: Vhawal S. S. , Ashitosh Bahulekar
Published: September 2023

In order to minimise negative perinatal outcomes, good clinical management is essential for the time of the delivery. Regular ultrasound tests using the cerebro-placental ratio and Doppler technology are examples of in utero monitoring (CPR). The pulsatility index (PI) of the MCA is divided by the UA's PI to arrive at the cardiac output rate (CPR). The umbilical artery (UA) and the middle cerebral artery (MCA) are used as indicators of placental function and foetal adjustment to placental insufficiency, respectively. It has been shown that unfavourable outcomes for neonates are linked to reduced CPR, which is an indicator of cerebral redistribution. Doppler is a safe and painless way to assess foetoplacental circulation in pregnant women. It aids in the treatment of high-risk pregnancies because of the useful information it provides regarding the foetus's hemodynamic state. Neonatal morbidity includes conditions such as birth asphyxia and low blood sugar.
Production of Cement-Less Composite Reinforced With Polyethylene for Mechanical and Civil Engineering Applications
Authors: Azeko Salifu Tahiru , Boadu Joseph Asiamah , Flomo Moses Kingsford , Larson Enoch Asuako , Mensah Jacob Kofi , Yamba Philip , Akayeti Anthony
Published: September 2023

The accumulation of polyethylene (PE) and the production of cement from industrial activities causes environmental pollution, thus posing severe threats to the lives of human beings and other living creatures. This work, therefore, presents the results of both experimental and theoretical modeling of cement-less composite reinforced with recycled polyethylene for mechanical and civil engineering applications. The composites are produced with different weight percentages of laterite and PE, and homogeneously mixed to produce unique composites with outstanding mechanical properties. The composite with 40 wt.% laterite and 60 wt.% PE exhibited the highest compressive strength (~25 MPa), flexural strength (~7.3 MPa) and fracture toughness (~0.6 MPa√m). The SEM images reveal evidences of bonding and ligament bridging in the cement-less composite reinforced with 40 wt.% laterite and 60 wt.% PE. This study shows that the mixture of molten polyethylene fibers with laterite can be used as a sustainable material for the manufacturing of pavement and building blocks/bricks.
Spatial Data as a Catalyst to Drive Entrepreneurial Growth and Sustainable Development
Authors: Ahmad Munir
Published: September 2023

In this chapter, a model of spatial sustainable entrepreneurship is presented by integrating sustainable development with entrepreneurship and spatial data. The model contributes to the three dimensions of sustainable development. Spatial data can promote economic sustainability by identifying opportunities, optimizing supply chains, and creating jobs. It can contribute to environmental sustainability through resource management and renewable energy projects. Additionally, it can enable social sustainability by addressing social needs and promoting inclusion. Policymakers, entrepreneurs, and researchers can collaborate to support training programs, open data policies, and collaborations to maximize the use of spatial data in sustainable entrepreneurship. Future work can involve advanced analytics, privacy considerations, stakeholder engagement, impact assessment, infrastructure development, cross-disciplinary research, and policy frameworks.
Polysaccharides of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves Disrupted With Ultrasound
Authors: Otu Phyllis Naa Yarley , Ayembilla Jacob Apibilla , Adi Doreen Dedo
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to apply ultrasound technology to extract bioactive compounds from Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves. Bringing modern trends of extraction into perspective, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of polysaccharides of Moringa leaves (MLP) was established engaging response surface methodology (RSM). The experimental yield of 9.24% of crude polysaccharide was close to the predicted 9.57%. Three graded ethanol precipitation of the UAE polysaccharides with corresponding molecular weights (55,250, 60,330 and 34,260 g/mol) was obtained. Despite similar Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy among fractions there was different molar ratios of monosaccharides composition and different surface morphology under scanning electron microscopy. All fractions were not of helical structures as demonstrated by the Congo red assay. MLP precipitated at 80% was more viscous (Gʹʹ loss modulus) and had the highest radical scavenging ability, thus can prevent damage of biomolecules. The polysaccharides extract obtained may be incorporated in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products.
Commonly Used Public Facility Devices as Potential Sources of Infections
Authors: Antwi Maxwell Hubert , Adomako Francisca Serwaa , Ocrah Samuel Adomako , Serwaa Dorcas , Kwakye Aaron Siaw , Darban Isaac
Published: September 2023

Surfaces and devices in public institutions are likely to be contaminated with various microorganisms as people congregate there for various reasons. Swab samples from devices like ATMs, seats, teller counters, door handles, pens, writing desks, toilet flush handles, and tap heads were obtained from banks and churches. 60 samples in all were cultured and isolates were identified using Gram stain reaction, morphological, and biochemical characteristics. Results indicated a 100% microbial contamination on all surfaces with Staphylococcus aureus having the highest frequency, 35(31.5%). Bacilli spp had the next highest frequency, 23(20.7%). Klebsiella spp 13 (11.7%), Salmonella spp 13(11.7%), Enterobacter spp 13(11.7%), Serratia spp 6(5.4%), Citrobacter spp 4(3.6%), Proteus 3(2.8%) and Streptococcus 1(0.90%) followed in that order. Commonly used public facilities' devices could serve as potential sources of infections due to their microbial contamination. It is highly recommended amidst this pandemic to have frequent proper hand hygiene to avoid unknowing contamination.
Sustaining Small Enterprises Through Digital Technologies in the Post-COVID-19 Era
Authors: Ocloo Elikem Chosniel , Coffie Isaac Sewornu , Asigbe-Tsriku Gretel Rejoice Mawunyo , Opuni Frank Frimpong
Published: September 2023

Though studies have recently examined the effect of the coronavirus on micro and small enterprises (MSEs) and the role digital technologies could play in mitigating those effects, little attention is paid to which digital tool is likely to have the most significant impact on MSEs' performance. This notwithstanding previous findings that most MSEs are reluctant to embrace digitization due to the need for more evidence on what works best for them or digital tool to adopt first. From the resource-based view theory's perspective, the study sought to examine the most effective digital technologies for MSEs' survival post-Covid-19 era. Quantitative data from 375 MSEs in Ghana was analysed using PLS-SEM. The results show that though all four digital technologies examined in the study significantly influence the survival of MSEs in the post-Covid-19 era, the adoption of social media as a digital resource will have the most significant influence on their survival.
Automatic Video Object Detection Using Particle Swarm Optimisation in Fog Computing
Authors: Sakthivanitha M. , Saradha S.
Published: September 2023

In this chapter, the authors focus on optimising video surveillance by considering five factors while processing the surveillance. The five factors are bandwidth availability, connection availability, storage availability, CPU availability, and memory availability. Since the research work mainly focused on fog computing environment, two major factors are bandwidth and connection availability while sending a video content to the authorized person. The size of video content will be large and slow while transferring the data from one location to another location through wireless network. This problem will be optimized using particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). This proposed PSO algorithm will optimize the video content and make it effective and efficient to transfer from one location to another location, and then the object detection (OD) is conducted using suitable hardware arrangements involving a microcontroller unit and GSM communication module for altering the user with objects in forest area.
Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases in Maharashtra Urban Slums
Authors: Aparna V. S. (4f6acc7b-355b-477f-8a54-2c7f8428691f  , Patil Supriya S.
Published: September 2023

The prevalence of “non-communicable diseases (NCDs)” including diabetes and heart disease is on the rise, both worldwide and in India. Because HIV affects people of both sexes everywhere, it poses a significant problem for all health care systems right now. Unplanned rapid urbanization, globalization of unhealthy lifestyles, and ageing population are the reasons for the development of these diseases. Physical inactivity and diets that are unhealthy result in increased blood glucose, raised blood pressure, obesity, and elevated blood lipids. All these metabolic risk factors can lead to cardiovascular disease, one of the leading non-communicable diseases (NCD) which cause premature deaths. Tobacco and alcohol use, lack of exercise, poor diet, and high blood pressure are some of the most important causes of NCDs. The high prevalence of NCDs in India is mostly attributable to the prevalence of overweight and obesity as well as excessive blood glucose and abnormal serum cholesterol. If such risks are adequately addressed, premature mortality in India from NCDs might be decreased.
Effect of Screen Media Technologies on Physical and Psychological Well Being in Middle Aged Adults
Authors: Singh Priya , Bhardwaj Prabhas , Sharma Sushil Kumar , Agrawal Anil Kumar
Published: September 2023

Screen media technologies (SMTs) has become an essential part of human life and almost everybody, irrespective of their age group, uses one or the other screen media technologies. Increased dependency on SMTs is raising concerns over their ill effect on the psychological health of its users. The present work aims to study the impact of social media usage and laptop/computer on psychological and physical health. This is a cross-sectional study of the middle management employees of a major Indian telecom organization. The analyses were carried out using structural equation modelling (SEM) approach. Results suggested that neck pain is directly related to cognitive stress, somatic stress, and laptop/computer usage. Cognitive stress was indirectly related to Instagram and WhatsApp use. Behavioural stress had no direct or indirect relationship with social media or laptop/computer use. Using a laptop/computer is found to be the most critical factor contributing to neck pain in Indian middle-aged adults working in an office environment.
A Case Study of a University Distance Education System Based on Multimedia Technology
Authors: Yuan Lianlian , Ji Dongya
Published: September 2023

Distance education learning support service system is a two-way information exchange platform for teachers and students to communicate and learn, and it is based on modern multimedia information technology. With the construction of a learning society, people's distance learning service system is more widely used for reasons such as occupation or hobby. How to improve the learning service system of distance education is an important subject. We must have a full understanding of the learning service system of distance education and find ways to further improve it through case analysis and reference. Using the methods of field investigation, mathematical analysis, and experimental research, this paper focuses on the methods and means of evaluating distance education by using information technology and puts them into practice and designs and develops a model-based modern distance education quality evaluation system.
Lessons learned: audit of the record-keeping quality of a tertiary hospital’s mammography service
Authors: Nnamani Amaka Obiageli , Iloanusi Nneka Ifeyinwa , Dim Ngozi Regina , Lasebikan   Nwamaka Ngozika ,  Okwor Chidimma Nnonyelum , Okoye Ifeoma Joy
Published: September 2023

Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. In diagnostic centers offering mammography, periodic audit of medical archived procedures is an important component of a quality assurance program; this ensures optimal follow-up of positive cases and establishment of measures to combat any deficiencies. The study aimed to audit the record-keeping of the mammography service in a tertiary institution, with a view to improving its efficiency. A retrospective audit of request forms, questionnaires, mammograms, and reports of 1,098 women who had mammography at the radiology department of a public tertiary hospital between 2011 and 2018. An internal audit of records evaluated the completeness of clinical information on the request forms, questionnaires, accuracy of diagnosis, and state of stored mammographic films, years later. Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 23 were used for the analysis of descriptive and inferential statistics, respectively. Two hundred and thirty (21%) and 791 (72%) women had screening and diagnostic mammography, respectively; their ages ranged from 31 to 85 years. Indication of study was not stated on 73 (7%) request forms and 281 (26%) request forms were improperly filled. There were 52 (4.7%) women not clerked with the questionnaire, while 158 (14%) had no clinical breast examination prior to imaging. One hundred and thirty (12%) mammograms were damaged, while 2 were missing and not reviewed. Our study revealed a significant lapse in quality of our mammography record archival system. Evidence obtained helped institute necessary measures in place for digitization and quality control of mammography services.
The utility of speckle-tracking echocardiography in early and midterm follow-up after anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery repair
Authors: Krishna Mani Ram , Jothinath Kaushik , Raju Vijay Kumar
Published: September 2023

Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a reversible cause of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in infants. The LV function is expected to improve serially and return to normal by 1 year after surgical repair. The pattern of improvement in LV function has not been serially analyzed after ALCAPA repair. We report our preliminary experience with serial assessment of LV function in infants undergoing ALCAPA repair utilizing speckle tracking echocardiography.
Partial anomalous venous connection with intrapulmonary dual drainage: Transcatheter treatment of a rare entity
Authors: Aggarwal Varun , Mohamed Alaa K , Said Sameh M
Published: September 2023

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is a rare congenital condition, and dual-drainage connection PAPVR to the left atrium has been reported in a few cases in the literature; in which cases, percutaneous catheterization was successfully used in lieu of surgery. We, hereby, describe a 7-month-old boy with a functional single-ventricle physiology with dual drainage of the left upper pulmonary vein to the left atrium and the innominate vein. Appropriate recognition of this entity allowed safe occlusion of the anomalous draining vein.
Fibronectin enhances attachment of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into polytetrafluoroethylene patch during surgical closure of the atrial and ventricular septal defect
Authors: Suryawan I. Gde Rurus , Ratri Anudya Kartika , Andrianto Andrianto , Ardiana Meity , Nugraha Ricardo Adrian
Published: September 2023

Background:

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) patch is commonly used during surgical closure for atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD). However, this patch has several limitations such as its inability to grow or remodel, especially in children and young adults. To tackle these limitations, we have tried to use fibronectin and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in the PTFE patch.

Objective:

To understand the impact of fibronectin to enhance hAMSCs cell-to-cell adherence and cell-to-patch surface attachment into PTFE patches used in the surgical closure of ASD or VSD.

Materials and Methods:

The hAMSCs were plated and fixated with 15 mL methanol and cluster of differentiation (CD) 90+, CD105+, and CD45 − antibodies were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, rinsed with phosphate-buffered saline, and analyzed under a fluorescence microscope. Fibronectin solution (0.1%) was used to soak patch scaffolds for approximately 2-h duration and then dried for 20 min in the treatment group. The samples were examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Results:

SEM examination showed incomplete attachment of the cells even after 10 days in the control group at 1.14 ± 1.13. In contrast, the treatment group showed more cells attached to the patch surface at 31.25 ± 13.28 (P ≤ 0.0001). The observation at 5 days was 17.67 ± 20.21, at 7 days was 12.11 ± 10.94, and at 10 days was 18.83 ± 23.25. There was no significant statistical difference in mean cell per view among each treatment group (P = 0.802).

Conclusion:

Our work demonstrates that fibronectin has a positive impact on hAMSC attachment seeded onto the PTFE patch. These properties, in combination with their developmental plasticity, have generated tremendous interest in regenerative medicine.
Exploring Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake during COVID-19: A Review of PM’s Mann Ki Baat Dialogue
Authors: Dhawan Veena , Dhandore Suhas , Chakraborty Ashish Birendra , Dhalaria Pritu , Jethwaney Jaishri , Singh Ajeet Kumar
Published: September 2023

Public health programmes are interlinked and intertwined with communication, advocacy and social mobilisation for their success. The unprecedented situation created by COVID-19 brought a medical emergency all over the world, the like of which was probably not seen after the Spanish Flu outbreak, a century ago. First there seemed no solution in sight when tens of thousands of people lost their lives to the coronavirus in various countries, but when the vaccine arrived, there were, in general, doubts about its efficacy and safety. Indian scenario was not any different. When the government launched the vaccine in a campaign mode in January 2021, it was also battling with misperceptions and vaccine hesitancy. Prime Minister Narendra Modi took it upon himself to address the issue through his various addresses to the nation and his signature programme Mann ki Baat (MKB) on the radio. This review paper examines the empirical research on MKB coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic, the media multiplier impact of the MKB, people’s voices through their engagement with various social media platforms, and what is the impact on vaccine uptake.
Medication Adherence and its Predictors among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Goel Naveen Krishan , Cheema Yuvraj Singh , Garg Keshav
Published: September 2023

Medication adherence is vital in managing noncommunicable diseases like diabetes. Illness perception and an individual’s knowledge regarding the disease may influence medication adherence. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of medication adherence among type 2 diabetic patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 diabetes mellitus patients attending an outdoor patient department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital in North India. Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) were used to study medication adherence and illness perception, respectively. Descriptive and analytic statistics were computed using Epi Info software for Windows (CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA). The prevalence of medication adherence was 79.5% (82/400). The odds of medication adherence increased with higher age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.8 [1.1–2.9]) and more duration of illness (OR = 1.8 [1.0–3.2]) Patients having good knowledge of diabetes were more likely to adhere to medications. [OR=1.8(1.1-3.1). Diabetes medicine-adherent patients had a higher perceived understanding of the disease, felt having lesser negative consequences, and were less concerned about the illness than their counterparts. A high proportion adhered to diabetes medication. The guiding factors to further improve medication adherence are age, duration of illness, illness perception, and knowledge regarding the disease.
Effectiveness of Diabetes Self-Management Education on Distress and HbA1C among Indian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Anjali M , Khapre Meenakshi , Kant Ravi , Kumar Santosh , Pandey Pragya
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

The interrelationship of diabetes with mental illness has increased in recent years. Diabetes-related distress is the emotional burden, stress, and worries associated with diabetes, which does not reach the threshold for depressive disorder. A diabetes self-management education (DSME) is a structured educational approach to improve glycemic control and diabetes-related distress. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of DSME in comparison with usual diabetes care in improving glycemic control and diabetes-related distress.

Material and Methods:

This is a single-center, parallel randomized controlled trial. A total of 106 participants were recruited for both intervention and control groups with 53 participants each. The control group received only routine outpatient department (OPD) care. The intervention group received DSME in addition to routine OPD care. Diabetes-related distress and HbA1C were assessed after 3 months. The data were analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Per-protocol analysis was done.

Results:

Of 127 patients screened, 106 met the eligibility criteria and were randomized. At 3-month follow-up, the reduction in mean HbA1C, fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), and diabetes distress were significant in the intervention group compared with the control group (p 0.001). The mean HbA1C reduction in the intervention group was significant (mean difference: -1.3, SD: 0.4). The mean DDS had decreased significantly in the intervention group from 2 to 1.2 (mean difference: -0.8, SD: 0.1).

Conclusion:

The DSME was effective in improving the glycemic control, diabetes-related distress, and self-care among type 2 diabetes (T2DM) mellitus patients.
Mild Cognitive Impairment among Elderly Persons Residing in an Urban Resettlement Colony in Delhi
Authors: Achary MG Thejas , Kaur Ravneet , Vibha Deepti , Mani Kalaivani , Kant Shashi , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar
Published: September 2023

Background:

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional state between normal cognition and clinical dementia. MCI is associated with an increased risk of dementia and mortality. Progression of MCI to dementia can be prevented by cognitive and lifestyle interventions. There is limited evidence on the burden and risk factors associated with MCI in India. To estimate the prevalence of MCI among elderly persons, and to study the factors associated with MCI.

Materials and Methods:

This community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 365 persons aged 60 years or older, residing in an urban resettlement colony of Delhi. Participants with dementia (score <23 on the Hindi version of the Mini-Mental State Examination) were excluded. Objective cognitive impairment and functional disability were assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Impairment-Basic (MoCA-B) tool and Barthel’s Activities of Daily Living, respectively. The prevalence of MCI was estimated by Petersen’s criteria, i.e., subjective memory impairment, objective cognitive impairment (MoCA score 19–25), functional independence, and absence of dementia. Univariate analysis was performed, followed by stepwise multivariate logistic regression. The association of socio-demographic and other health conditions with MCI was assessed.

Results:

The prevalence of MCI was 9.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 6.7–12.7], 13.3% (95% CI 8.8–19.7) among men, and 6.5% (95% CI 3.9–10.6) among women. The risk of MCI was higher among current smokers.

Conclusions:

MCI was common among the elderly. Early detection of MCI may be included in health programs for elderly persons.
Disability Certification for Parkinson’s Disease in India: Challenges and the Way Forward
Authors: Arun M , Thomas Priya Treesa , Kamble Nitish L. , Yadav Ravi , Pal Pramod Kumar
Published: September 2023

Disability certification is mandatory for people with Parkinson’s disease to avail any schemes and benefits in India. The process of certification of the extent of disability in a complex disorder like Parkinson’s needs to be made less cumbersome and streamlined to ensure that people for whom the benefits are meant are able to avail them.
Relationship between parenting practices and behavioral problems of children attending a Tertiary Mental Health Institute of North East India
Authors: Ahmed Amina , Baruah A , Siddeswara L B
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

The parent plays a vital role in promoting and supporting the overall development of children from infancy to adulthood. Parenting practices are related to different outcomes in children's life. Hence, the researcher aimed to assess the relationship between parenting practices and behavioral problems of children.

Subjects and Methods:

A quantitative approach and correlational design was used. Total 80 primary caregivers of children (6–17 years), attending a Tertiary Mental Health Institute of North East India were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using Sociodemographic Pro forma, Alabama Parenting Questionnaire, Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire after obtaining written informed consent from the participants.

Results:

Overall 55% of the participants had scored toward more positive parenting practices and 56.2% toward less negative parenting practices. Regarding behavioral problems of children, 77.5% had total difficulty levels in the abnormal range with 52.5% at substantial risk for emotional symptoms, 78.8% for conduct problems, 43.8% for hyperactivity/inattention, and 73.8% for peer problems. Participant's negative parenting practices were positively correlated with total difficulty score as well as with conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems. Finding further showed that participant's positive parenting practices had a significant association with their educational status, occupation, family income, place of residence, children's birth order, use of mobile phone by children, and negative parenting practices had a significant association with their history of substance use, fights between parent, and children's last academic performance. These findings can be incorporated for developing intervention module for parents of children in the hospital setting as well as in the community.
Exploring Burnout in Clinical Psychologists
Authors: Bhattacharyya Bidisha , Banerjee Ushri
Published: September 2023

Objective:

Clinical psychologists, as professionals, come across various people and their problems frequently. Regular exposure to information which are distressing, stressful, and sometimes traumatic can create health issues and burnout, which is a psychological syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, in them. A number of psychological variables can contribute to the burnout of clinical psychologists. The ones taken in this study are personality, empathy, countertransference (CT) and compassion fatigue. The study had been conceptualized to find the relation and contribution of the mentioned variables on burnout of clinical psychologists.

Methods:

Fifty one clinical psychologists participated in the study. Maslach Burnout Inventory, NEO Five-Factor Inventory, Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy, Assessment of CT Scale and Compassion fatigue (CF), and satisfaction self-test for helpers were used for assessing the constructs. Relevant statistical analysis were performed.

Results:

Findings show that there are significant correlations between personality variables, i.e., neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness with other variables, i.e., compassion fatigue, empathy, and CT. Some of the personality variables are correlated to burnout. Empathy, CT, and CF contribute significantly to burnout.

Conclusion:

The study shows the probable indicators which can cause burnout in clinical psychologists, and which, if correctly addressed, may help in the maintenance of sound mental health among professionals.
Effect of Anti-tobacco Health Messages Post-implemetation of COTPA 2003 in India
Authors: Kumari Laxmi , Sood Meenakshi , Gupta Sandhya
Published: September 2023

Tobacco-related deaths are rising, although it is a preventable man-made epidemic. Globally, tobacco accounts for the death of 6 million people each year. The tobacco industry very intelligently uses the mass media platform for pro-tobacco propaganda messages. India made a significant attempt to fight tobacco by endorsing the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in February 2004. The WHO has introduced the MPOWER package of six proven policies to reverse the tobacco epidemic and prevent millions of tobacco-related deaths. Surprisingly, with all the awareness about these harms related to tobacco consumption and anti-tobacco campaigns at national and international levels, tobacco users do not feel motivated to quit. Anti-tobacco health messages (ATHMs) are crucial in affecting tobacco-related health behavior. This review summarizes the effect of ATHMs on the Indian population and the influences of different types of ATHMs on motivation to quit tobacco and tobacco cessation as a whole. Depending on the group investigated, ATHM effects on smoking behavior vary. ATHMs can influence people's attitudes and beliefs, improve intentions to stop and quit attempts, and decrease tobacco use dominance. They can also play a crucial role in educating the public about the dangers of tobacco use. The government must concentrate on rational ATHMs with broad appeal, ongoing exposure, and a preference for negative health effects with visual and live testimonial ads.
Imaging Features of COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Puvvada Charitha , Chetambath Ravindran
Published: September 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 after its origin in Wuhan, China, had spread globally and was declared as a pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020.? The WHO identifies it as a controllable pandemic with the key role existing in precautionary measures to curb the recent global crisis. The current diagnostic methodologies include the rapid antigen test, serology tests to detect antibodies, and the real-time polymerase chain reaction.? Anecdotal experiences have shown that imaging characteristics are crucial in the diagnosis and management of the disease as radiological evidence of disease appears before the clinical manifestations and evolves overtime as the disease progresses, which is useful in predicting the stage, severity, and prognosis of the disease. Owing to few specific features and early changes, computed tomography scan is more sensitive than a chest roentgenogram in highlighting these changes.
To Study the Efficacy of Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection in Relieving Lumbosacral Radiculopathy
Authors: Bhatti Mohd Javed , Pathak Vineet , Sajid Imran
Published: September 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) using a preganglionic Kambin’s triangle approach for treating lumbar radiculopathy caused by nerve root compression due to lateral recess stenosis or posterolateral disc herniation.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective observational study was conducted between July 2018 and March 2021. A total of 70 patients were included in the study. However, 20 patients were lost to follow-up and 50 patients were followed up for 6 months post-injection. The epidural space was approached through the neuroforamen using 22-G spinal needles in 70 adult patients with lumbosacral radicular pain, and a mixture of 40 mg methylprednisolone and 0.25% plain bupivacaine (2 mL per level) was injected. Pain intensity and functional impairment were assessed with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, respectively, at the first visit, 3 months, and 6 months.

Results:

There was a mean reduction of 4.7 points in NPRS from a mean of 8.2 preinjection to 3.5 at 6 months follow-up (P = 0.001). Likewise, a mean ODI score of 29 was recorded at 6 months follow-up (mean reduction of 13.7 points in ODI score) as compared to 42.7 at baseline (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

TFESIs provided significant pain relief and improved function in patients with low back pain with radiculopathy caused by nerve root compression due to intervertebral disc herniations.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Between Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection and Corticosteroid Injection in the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Varshney Pankaj , Verma Ajeet Kumar , Agarwal Saumya , Prakash Shivank , Garg Pragya , Agrawal Prachi
Published: September 2023

Background:

Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of chronic pain beneath the heel in adults, which may cause significant discomfort and disability. Local corticosteroid injections are a popular method of treating the condition but only seem to be useful in the short term and only to a small degree. Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is rich in growth factor, which stimulates reparative process unlike corticosteroids.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 30 patients were allocated in each group. Group A consisted of patients who received single 2 ml local corticosteroid injection, that is 80 mg methylprednisolone acetate, and group B consisted of patients who received single 3 cc autologous PRP injection locally.

Results:

The postinjection mean Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) score was significantly higher at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks in the steroid group as compared to that in the PRP group, but at 24 weeks, the mean FAAM score was significantly higher in the PRP group as compared to that in the steroid group. This shows that the maximum effect of PRP on the FAAM score was at 24 weeks, whereas in the steroid group, it was at 12 weeks. Also the maximum effect of PRP on Visual Analog Scale was at 24 weeks, whereas in the steroid group, it was at 12 weeks. There was 39.21% reduction in mean plantar fascia thickness in the steroid group and 43.27% reduction in the PRP group.

Conclusion:

Autologous PRP therapy is better than local corticosteroid injection in the long-term effect.
Evaluation of Outcomes of Distal Femoral Fractures Treated by Retrograde Nailing Technique
Authors: Bhartiya Raj Kumar , Singh Santosh Kumar , Singh Pulkesh , Gill S.P.S. , Mishra Luxminath , Arora Jitesh
Published: September 2023

Background:

Distal femur fractures are less common injuries accounting for approximately 1% of fractures in the elderly. They occur due to high-velocity injury in adults and simple fall in the elderly. Management of these type injuries in the elderly is more challenging because of osteoporosis. Retrograde nailing represents an established fixation method for fractures of the distal femur and offers an alternative to the existing technique of antegrade nailing.

Materials and Methods:

Prospective study of 70 patients, aged between 16 and 85 years, whose distal femoral fractures were treated with a retrograde femoral nail from December 2016 to November 2018 in the department of orthopedics of a tertiary care centre in North India were followed to assess the outcome of treatment. The fracture was caused by a motor-vehicle accident in 58 patients (82.85 percent) and a fall on the ground in 12 (17.14%). 26 (37.14%) of the fractures were open. All the patients were followed up at about 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. On each visit pain, functional range of movements was noted and the union was assessed clinically and radiologically at regular intervals.

Results:

Out of 70 patients, 60 patients were males and the remaining patients were female. Twenty-six patients had open fractures and 44 patients had closed fractures. All the patients in our study united without any case of nonunion and knee infection. The mean time required to achieve union was 5.42 ± 2.48 months in closed fractures, while in open fractures, it was 5.7 ± 1.65 months. The mean range of knee movement in open fractures was from 15.0° ± 12.57° to 113.75° ± 14.69 °, while in closed fractures, it was from 5.38° ± 6.43° to 122.18° ± 15.0°. Five patients had loosening of the distal interlocking screws impinging on the skin. Based on the criteria recommended by Schatzker the outcome was assessed as excellent in 33 (47.14%) cases, good in 27 (38.57%) cases, and fair in 7 (10%) cases. The outcome in 3 (04.29%) cases was graded as poor.

Conclusions:

Retrograde intramedullary nailing makes possible a biological osteosynthesis of distal femoral fractures. It also produces good functional results even in elderly patients.