bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A value-based role-playing game as a method of prospective teacher’s moral culture development
Authors: Shadrina Irina M.
Published: November 2020

This paper substantiates the importance of prospective teachers moral culture development. The author argues the values realized in the value-orientational activity of the teacher as moral guidelines that indicate the path of spiritual renewal of society. The author shows the relationship between the value-orientational activity of the teacher and his or her moral culture. It is stated that a value-based role-playing game is an effective method of prospective teachers moral culture development. The author finds similarities and differences between a value-based role-playing game and an ethical dialogue. The paper also contains the differences between spontaneous classroom pedagogical situations with value content and specially prepared and played out value-based role-playing games according to a specially prepared scenario. There are some examples of spontaneous and specially prepared value-based role-playing games in this paper. The author substantiates the importance of value-based role-playing games for prospective teacher understanding of his or her purpose in life in general and in prospective professional activities in particular, as well as in the search for moral life and pedagogical guidelines. The author provides evidence that in the process of participation in value-based role-playing games prospective teachers, mastering the knowledge about the moral guidelines of the value-orientational activity of the teacher, extract new ideas, which are subsequently transformed into principles that become the foundations of ethical and pedagogical activity. The purpose of a value-based role-playing game as a method of prospective teachers moral culture development is revealed: a value-based role-playing game allows to organize the interaction of students with values that clarify the meaning of pedagogical activity, life and the teachers purpose in life.
Hailing Hunters: Leisure and Class Ideology in Amadís de Gaula
Authors: Fritz Robert K.
Published: November 2020

This article argues that the hunting scenes in Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo’s 1508 novel Amadís de Gaula function as Althusserian hailing devices that interpellate nobles through the representation of a class-specific leisure behavior, thereby reinforcing a hierarchical class ideology. Moreover, this interpretation affords insights into the ideological motivations of period critics, whose moralistic condemnations of Amadís may be read as part of a broader effort to achieve social mobility through the promotion of meritocratic values and the critique of traditional conceptions of aristocratic class identity.
RYAN D. GILES AND STEVEN WAGSCHAL, EDS. Beyond Sight. Engaging the Senses in Iberian Literatures and Cultures, 1200-1700. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2018. x + 343 pp.
Authors: Perea-Rodríguez Óscar
Published: November 2020

Review of Beyond Sight. Engaging the Senses in Iberian Literatures and Cultures, 1200-1700 by RYAN D. GILES AND STEVEN WAGSCHAL, EDS.
LINDSAY G. KERR. Luis de Góngora and Lope de Vega: Masters of Parody. Woodbridge: Tamesis, 2017. ix + 213 pp.
Authors: Davis Mark Evan
Published: November 2020

Review of Luis de Góngora and Lope de Vega: Masters of Parody by LINDSAY G. KERR.
AARTI SMITH MADAN. Lines of Geography in Latin American Narrative: National Territory, National Literature. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. 291 pp.
Authors: McNee Malcolm K.
Published: November 2020

Review of Lines of Geography in Latin American Narrative: National Territory, National Literature by AARTI SMITH MADAN.
LETICIA VILLAMEDIANA GONZÁLEZ. Anglomanía. La imagen de Inglaterra en la prensa española del siglo XVIII. Woodbridge: Tamesis. 2019. x + 222 pp.
Authors: Pérez-Magallón Jésus
Published: November 2020

Reseña de Anglomanía de LETICIA VILLAMEDIANA GONZÁLEZ.
Study of diabetes mellitus among patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Bariha Prafulla Kumar , Prusty Biswaranjan , Mohapatra Manoj Kumar
Published: November 2020

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) occurs when impaired insulin effectiveness is accompanied by decreased insulin production by β cells. With 366 million people diagnosed in 2011 and a trend of increasing prevalence worldwide (Lyssenko and Laakso 2013), diabetes is one of the major threats to human health. Objectives of the study were to assess the occurrence of diabetes mellitus in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients and to study glycemic status of patients with SCD and clinical presentation.Methods: An observational study was done at department of general medicine and sickle cell clinic and molecular biology laboratory, Veer Surendra Sai institute of medical science and research, Burla between November 2014 to October 2016. All recorded data analyzed through standard statistical methods including standard diagram and groups and finding were discussed in detail to draw appropriate conclusion, through standard statistical methods including standard diagrams.Results: The study was taken on 137 cases of SCD patients admitted at VIMSAR, Burla. Sex distribution of SCD patient with male (68.81%) and female (31.38%) clinical feature of SCD patients shows VOC (vaso occlusive crisis) was the most common presentation for hospital admission followed by fever, anemia, jaundice, AVN (avascular necrosis), osteomyelitis, dactylitis. The most of SCD are having normoglycemic with most of diabetes mellitus are in control group. Glycemic status in SCD cases and controls with 6.57% cases of SCD, 13.14% of controls are hyperglycemic.Conclusions: The majority of patients in this SCD patients were between the age group 15-20 years. The occurrence of diabetes mellitus in SCD patients is low in compare to control population. Showing impairment of glucose tolerance in SCD but low presence of diabetes mellitus. presence of lower life span of RBC, hypermetabolic state and low body mass index in SCD patients.
Evaluation of haematological findings in cases of pancytopenia
Authors: Jacob Roshny , Raj Deepthi M. L.
Published: November 2020

Background: Pancytopenia is a clinical condition which poses diagnostic challenge to the haematologist. The aetiology of pancytopenia is varied and depends on many factors. A bone marrow study is highly indicated in cases of pancytopenia and it provides information regarding the underlying disease process. This study was done to learn the causes of pancytopenia and to document how each case was evaluated and followed up.Methods: The present study is a descriptive retrospective one year study on bone marrow samples received in the laboratory. Bone marrow samples included aspirate smears, imprint and trephine and their findings were correlated to arrive at a final diagnosis.Results: Out of the total 28 patients with pancytopenia, 35.71% were from the age group between 61 and 80 years. A male female ratio of 1.5:1 was observed. Most common presenting complaint documented was easy fatiguability. Anisocytosis with macrocytes and ovalocytes were the most common peripheral smear finding. In current study, a cellular marrow was described in 24 (85.71%) cases and hypocellularity in two (7.14%) cases. Final diagnosis was evident in 16 cases, in which the most common cause was acute leukaemia (14.28% each) followed by lymphoma infiltration and myelodysplastic syndromes in 3 cases (10.71%).Conclusions: Bone marrow study helps to arrive at a diagnosis of pancytopenia. But proper technique for sampling, good clinical workup and history taking and clinico haematological correlation is mandatory for the proper diagnosis of a pancytopenia case.
An in-vitro medical device material biocompatibility study using primary cell cultures of rat osteoblasts
Authors: Shaama Fiayaz , Wilson Ann , Stoute Valerie
Published: November 2020

Background: We questioned if simple chemical methods could be applied as a possible biocompatibility test for biomaterials.

Methods: In a qualitative experiment, osteoblasts cells harvested from newly born (3-5) day old sprague-dawley rats were cultivated in growth medium in a controlled environment in the presence of titanium (Ti) (American Elements®), cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) (Nobilium®), bio-activated rattan wood, orthopaedic bone cement (CEMEX®), implant fixtures (Astra TDC), and resorbable suture material (Poly-Gly-Lac) (VICRYL®). Sample aliquots were withdrawn periodically over 16 days. One and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) as well as isoelectric focusing (IEF) produced spots that were subjected to enzyme digestion and molecular weight determination. In a follow-up quantitative experiment, the same samples, except for those containing CEMEX and VICRYL, were prepared. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was monitored continuously using the colorimetric Stanbio® kits. The ALP activities at days 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16, designated as a longitudinal variable, TIME, were analysed, using SPSS V.22, as a mixed ANOVA model with TIME as a repeated measure and the material type as an independent factor.

Results: The IEF and second dimension PAGE produced an additional spot for Ti at pH(I) of 5-6. This was identified as IQUB_RAT IQ, a ubiquitin-like domain, molecular weight 2.6 kDa. This method was able to find finite differences in osteoblast activity after initial exposure to a foreign body. Both the ALP activity changes from one day to the next for all materials and the TIME-material type interaction effects were significant (p=0.000).

Conclusions: This technique is suitable for use with human cell lines or clones. Experiments like these reduce the need for animal testing.  
Influencia de la variación temporal de los parámetros hidráulicos en la estructura y la función de la comunidad de macroinvertebrados en un río andino
Authors: Motta-Díaz Angela Judith , Vimos-Lojano Diego J.
Published: November 2020

En este estudio se evaluó la respuesta de la composición, la estructura y la función de la comunidad de macroinvertebrados a la variación temporal hidráulica en el río Agua Blanca. Se recolectaron 60 muestras en dos tramos durante dos épocas hidroclimáticas mediante un muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Se midió el caudal y el ancho del canal, así como la velocidad, la profundidad y elnúmero de Froude (Fr) en cada muestra biológica. En la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov se evidenció un incremento significativo en los valores de la velocidad, el caudal y el Fr durante la época de lluvias. El análisis ANOSIM evidenció una variación temporal en la composición y la estructura de la comunidad. Los géneros Leptohyphes, Smicridea, Helicopsyche, Nanomis y Marilia fueron más abundantes en la época de transición, y las familias Simuliidae y Sericostomatidae en la época de lluvias. El grupo funcional alimentario (GFA) dominante en la época de transición fue el de colectores-recolectores (CR) y en la de lluvias, el de los fragmentadores (FR) y colectores-filtradores (CF). Según el análisis de correspondencia canónica (ACC), Simuliidae y Metrichia se asociaron con valores altos de la profundidad, Mayobaetis con el ancho del cauce y Sericostomatidae con la velocidad y el Fr. Los ostrácodos, Meridialis y Triplectides presentaron una asociación negativa con la velocidad. Según las curvas de preferencia, el rango óptimo de velocidad para la familia Sericostomatidae fluctuó entre 1,8 m.s-1 y 2,3 m.s-1, en tanto que las profundidades óptimas para la familia Simuliidae estuvieron entre 0,3 m y 0,55 m. Se resalta el papel de las variables hidráulicas evaluadas como determinantes de la presencia de algunos géneros y grupos funcionales.
Floraciones de cianobacterias en Colombia: estado del conocimiento y necesidades de investigación ante el cambio global
Authors: Salomón Samia , Rivera-Rondón Carlos A. , Zapata Ángela María
Published: November 2020

Las floraciones de cianobacterias pueden causar problemas en la calidad del agua por su rápido crecimiento y abundancia. Además de generar biomasa en exceso, causan cambios físicos, químicos y biológicos en el ecosistema. Asimismo,  las cianobacterias producen neurotoxinas, hepatotoxinas y dermatotoxinas, entre otras. Los problemas asociados con las floraciones de cianobacterias han aumentado en las últimas décadas y, en consonancia, se ha incrementado a nivel global el número de investigaciones sobre las floraciones tóxicas y su efecto en los ecosistemas y la salud humana; hoy muchos países cuentan con protocolos para su manejo. Los principales factores del cambio climático global asociados con una mayor presencia y duración de las floraciones de cianobacterias son el incremento de temperatura, la eutrofización, las alteraciones hidrológicas, el aumento en la estabilidad física de la columna de agua y los cambios en las redes tróficas. En Colombia la eutrofización y el aumento en la temperatura del agua son problemas crecientes y, a pesar de ello, no existe un registro al respecto ni normas estatales que permitan reportar los casos, hacer seguimiento e implementar medidas de control y manejo. En esta revisión se presenta el estado actual del conocimiento sobre dichas floraciones en el país y las expectativas ante el cambio climático global.
Clasificación de grupos morfofuncionales del fitoplancton en seis sistemas lénticos de las regiones Caribe, Andina y Amazónica de Colombia
Authors: Hernández Esnedy , Aguirre Néstor , Palacio Karen , Palacio Jaime , Ramírez John Jairo , Duque Santiago R. , Mogollón Martha , Kruk Carla
Published: November 2020

La clasificación basada en rasgos y grupos funcionales establecidos en la morfología del fitoplancton posibilitó una aproximación factible y objetiva en la evaluación de seis sistemas de diferente tipo, origen, morfología y condición limnológica pertenecientes a las regiones amazónica, andina y caribe de Colombia. Se estableció específicamente la relación entre las variables continuas y categóricas del fitoplancton (volumen, superficie, dimensión lineal máxima,  presencia de aerótopos, mucílago, flagelo y exoesqueleto de sílice) con los parámetros limnológicos de transparencia, profundidad máxima, temperatura y concentración de iones inorgánicos. Se seleccionaron entre dos y ocho estaciones durante tres o cuatro periodos climáticos en series anuales entre el 2005 y el 2007 tomando las muestras en la zona limnética. Los taxones identificados se clasificaron en uno u otro grupo funcional basado en la morfología (GFBM) según las dimensiones morfológicas y la presencia de rasgos especializados de cada taxón. Entre los resultados más relevantes se destacó el grupo V (flagelados unicelulares de tamaño medio a grande) en ambientes poco profundos y turbios, con excepción de la llanura del Bajo Sinú en el Caribe, donde dominaba el grupo VII (colonias mucilaginosas con los lípidos y aerótopos). En los lagos profundos y de gran transparencia en montañas sobresalieron los grupos IV (tamaño medio y ausencia de rasgos especializados) y VII. Los grupos propuestos en la clasificación permitieron exponer los patrones funcionales del ensamblaje del fitoplancton y explicar significativamente su variación en respuesta a las características de los sistemas.
Influencia de los principales modos anulares hemisféricos y El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENOS) en las fuentes de humedad globales de Mesoamérica
Authors: Castillo Rodrigo , Nieto Raquel , Gimeno Luis , Drumond Anita
Published: November 2020

Se estudió la influencia de las oscilaciones atmosféricas interanuales de gran escala en la captación y el transporte de humedad proveniente de las principales fuentes oceánicas con impacto en Mesoamérica utilizando el modelo lagrangiano FLEXPART alimentado con los datos del reanálisis ERA-Interim (1979-2012) para evidenciar cómo los cambios en los sumideros de humedad asociados con cada una de estas fuentes de evaporación reproducen los ya conocidos patrones de variación de los sistemas atmosféricos y de precipitación regional de El Niño-Oscilación del Sur y de la Oscilación Ártica. El hallazgo más importante, que no se había registrado antes para la región de Mesoamérica, es la teleconexión con la Oscilación Antártica, lo que revela una correlación estadística más significativa con el transporte de humedad proveniente del Pacífico durante la estación seca y una un poco más débil durante la estación lluviosa. Estos resultados pueden emplearse como predictores del comportamiento de la distribución de la precipitación, especialmente en el momento de su inicio y en el de su primer máximo.
Characteristic-dependent linear rank inequalities in 21 variables
Authors: Peña-Macias Victor , Sarria - Zapata Humberto
Published: November 2020

In Linear Algebra over finite fields, a characteristic-dependent linear rank inequality is a linear inequality that holds by ranks of spans of vector subspaces of a finite dimensional vector space over a finite field of determined characteristic, and does not in general hold over fields with other characteristic. This paper shows a preliminary result in the production of these inequalities. We produce three new inequalities in 21 variables using as guide a particular binary matrix, with entries in a finite field, whose rank is 8, with characteristic 2; 9 with characteristic 3; or 10 with characteristic neither 2 nor 3. The first inequality is true over fields whose characteristic is 2; the second inequality is true over fields whose characteristic is 2 or 3; the third inequality is true over fields whose characteristic is neither 2 nor 3.
Towards a density functional theory of molecular fragments. What is the shape of atoms in molecules?
Authors: Chávez Victor H. , Wasserman Adam
Published: November 2020

In some sense, quantum mechanics solves all the problems in chemistry: The only thing one has to do is solve the Schrödinger equation for the molecules of interest. Unfortunately, the computational cost of solving this equation grows exponentially with the number of electrons and for more than ~100 electrons, it is impossible to solve it with chemical accuracy (~ 2 kcal/mol). The Kohn-Sham (KS) equations of density functional theory (DFT) allow us to reformulate the Schrödinger equation using the electronic probability density as the central variable without having to calculate the Schrödinger wave functions. The cost of solving the Kohn-Sham equations grows only as N3, where N is the number of electrons, which has led to the immense popularity of DFT in chemistry. Despite this popularity, even the most sophisticated approximations in KS-DFT result in errors that limit the use of methods based exclusively on the electronic density. By using fragment densities (as opposed to total densities) as the main variables, we discuss here how new methods can be developed that scale linearly with N while providing an appealing answer to the subtitle of the article: What is the shape of atoms in molecules?
An Effective Recommendation System to Forecast the Best Educational Program Using Machine Learning Classification Algorithms
Authors: Dhar Joy , Jodder Asoke Kumar
Published: November 2020

After passing the 10th class, every student is eager to know which educational program will be the best for their higher education to match their career goal. Sometimes, they are very much confused to decide the best path for their higher education, and they need help to determine the best suitable academic program to develop their careers and achieve their goal. So, we introduce an effective recommendation system to forecast each student's best educational program for their career development. This proposed research is accomplished by utilizing machine learning (ML) approaches to forecast every student's best academic path based on their past academic performances and recommend them the best suitable academic program for their higher studies. Class 10th standard passing student data are supplied to this automated system, and a correlation-based feature selection approach is applied to extract the relevant features for each academic program. This study utilizes multiple ML algorithms to provide the best results and forecast each student's academic performance and select the best model based on their performance for each educational program. Hence, the best-selected model and related features are involved in the recommendation process to provide the best suitable academic path for achieving every student's career goals.
Design and Application of a Virtual Simulation Teaching System Based on Cloud Service
Authors: Shen Xiaogai
Published: November 2020

To satisfy the demand of virtual simulation (VS) teaching system for storage capacity and computing power, it is of great significance to probe deep into the VS system oriented to cloud service (CS). This paper designs a CS-based VS teaching system, drawing on the relevant results on distributed VS system, the formalization of VS system architecture, and the semantic organizability of VS system. Firstly, the functional requirements of the CS-based VS teaching system were analyzed, and decomposed into three layers, namely, goal, function type, and function name. Then, a dynamic model of CS-based VS teaching system was constructed, whose simulation accuracy and precision were verified through experiments. The experimental results demonstrate the excellent simulation performance of the proposed system. The research findings provide reference for applying CS system design in other fields.
On the Problems and Countermeasures in the Development of Corporate Statistical Management
Authors: Hu Lin
Published: November 2020

Under the guidance of market economy, Chinese enterprises have developed vigorously in recent years. Based on this, the amount of data in daily operation and management of enterprises has been continuously increased. Corporate managers have paid more attention to enterprise statistics to fully understand the development of enterprises, thus effectively promoting the effective exploration and optimization of corporate statistics. However, a large number of practices have indicated that there are some deficiencies in the statistical management of enterprises in China, which in turn limits the optimization of the statistical work of enterprises. Hence, in order to further meet the needs of corporate statistical work, relevant staff should actively reflect on statistical work and formulate corresponding optimization strategies. This article analyzes the current situation of statistical management in Chinese enterprises, and puts forward corresponding optimization countermeasures, aiming at further promoting the quality of statistical work.
Stenting and Isolated Balloon Angioplasty for Central Venous Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors:   Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute Named after M.F.Vladimirsky, Kardanakhishvili Z.B. ,   M. E. Zhadkevich Moscow City Clinical Hospital of the Department of Health Care of Moscow, Zulkarnaev A.B. ,   Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute Named after M.F.Vladimirsky, Rogozin V.V. ,   Moscow Hospital No2 for War Veterans of the Department of Health Care of Moscow, Stepanov V.A. ,   Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute Named after M.F.Vladimirsky
Published: November 2020

Цель. Провести сравнительный анализ результатов изолированной баллонной ангиопластики и ангиопластики со стентированием при стенозе центральных вен у пациентов на гемодиализе. Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное исследование включены 62 пациента со стенозом центральных вен (СЦВ). У 39 пациентов выполнена изолированная баллонная ангиопластика (БА), у 23 пациентов БА дополнена стентированием. Результаты. Функциональная первичная проходимость артериовенозной фистулы через 1 и 3 года после БА: 89,7% [95%ДИ 74,9; 96] и 30,8% [95%ДИ 17,3; 45,4], после стентирования: 100% и 30,4% [95%ДИ 13,5; 49,3]; HR=0,8756 [95%ДИ 0,527; 1,455], p=0,5994. Первичная проходимость через 6 и 12 месяцев после БА: 61,5% [95%ДИ 44,5; 74,7] и 15,4% [95%ДИ 6,2; 28,3]; после стентирования: 82,6% [95%ДИ 60,1; 93,1] и 47,8% [95%ДИ 26,8; 66,1]; HR=0,4845 [95%ДИ 0,2938; 0,799], p=0,0017. Функциональная вторичная проходимость через 1, 3 и 4 года после БА: 100%, 74,4% [95%ДИ 57,6; 85,3] и 12,8% [95%ДИ 4,7; 25,2]; после стентирования: 100%, 91,3% [95%ДИ 69,5; 97,8] и 34,8% [95%ДИ 16,6; 53,7]; HR=0,4764 [95%ДИ 0,2888; 0,786], p=0,0016. Вторичная проходимость через 6, 12 и 24 месяца после БА: 84,6% [95%ДИ 68,9; 92,8], 66,7% [95%ДИ 49,6; 79,1] и 17,9% [95%ДИ 7,9; 31,3]; после стентирования: 91,3% [95%ДИ 69,5; 97,8], 78,3% [95%ДИ 55,4; 90,3] и 43,5% [95%ДИ 23,3; 62,1]; HR=0,4925 [95%ДИ 0,2988; 0,8119], p=0,0021. Корреляция функциональной первичной проходимости с первичной проходимостью составила r= -0,627; р<0,0001, с вторичной проходимостью – r= -0,53; р=0,0005 при БА, при стентировании – r= -0,351; р=0,101 и r= -0,304; р= 0,159 соответственно. Заключение. Результаты БА существенно зависят от давности стеноза. Применение стентов позволяет улучшить результаты вне зависимости от давности стеноза. Научная новизна статьи впервые доказано, что период времени между началом использования артериовенозной фистулы для гемодиализа и клинической манифестацией стеноза центральных вен оказывает существенное влияние на результаты эндоваскулярных вмешательств. Установлено, что эффективность баллонной ангиопластики значительно снижается при коррекции «поздних» стенозов. Применение стентов позволяет несколько улучшить результаты эндоваскулярных вмешательств при стенозе центральных вен вне зависимости от давности стеноза.
Specificity of the Conflict «Patient-Surgeon»
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University Named after V.I. Razumovsky, Fedorov V.E. , Podelyakin K.A. ,   Saratov State Medical University Named after V.I. Razumovsky
Published: November 2020

Цель. Анализ причин и характера жалоб на врачей-хирургов, изучение проблемы защиты профессиональной деятельности врача. Материал и методы. По информации, предоставленной Территориальным органом для контроля качества оказания медицинской помощи по Саратовской области, за 2018 год и 5 месяцев 2019 года в него для рассмотрения поступило 1699 обращений граждан. Из них имели место 42 жалобы на качество оказания медицинской помощи в лечебных учреждениях области по профилю «хирургия», что составило 9,3% от общего количества. Результаты. По полученным сведениям, больше всего претензий к работе хирургов в центральных районных больницах (ЦРБ) – 10 (23,8%) жалоб. Первое место по количеству жалоб занимают хирургические отделения стационаров – 16 (38,1%) случаев, на втором месте – амбулатории ЦРБ и поликлиники (14 (33,3%) случаев), на третьем месте – частные клиники (7 (16,7%) случаев). суть многих жалоб, прежде всего, состоит в обращении за профессиональным анализом случая лечения с неблагоприятным исходом. При неудачном лечении большинство пациентов и их родственников чаще всего (24 (57,1 %) случая) требовали просто проведения проверки случая лечения и/или лечебного учреждения, а не уголовного наказания. В 1 (2,4%) случае пациент хотел просто сообщить о проблеме, связанной с диагностикой и лечением его заболевания. В тексте их жалоб данные о каком-либо уголовном наказании хирургов отсутствовали. Заключение. Конфликт «хирург – пациент» в виде жалобы – это структурно сложный процесс с объективными и субъективными составляющими, на которые оказывают влияние самые различные факторы риска. Нарастающее несоответствие между защитой пациента и врача-хирурга Научная новизна статьи впервые по данным Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере здравоохранения саратовской области произведен подробный анализ жалоб на врачей-хирургов, исследованы причины и структура конфликта типа «пациент – хирург».
Effectiveness of Cognitive Therapy According to Dougas Model on Meta-Cognitive Beliefs and Emotion Regulation in the Students with Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Reisi Dastgerdi Mahin Dokht , Arefi Mozhgan
Published: November 2020

Background: The emergence of generalized anxiety disorder in the students causes creation of other psychological and cognitive damages. Therefore the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy according to Dougas model on Meta-Cognitive Beliefs and Emotion Regulation in the students with generalized anxiety disorder.
Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design the statistical population included students with generalized anxiety disorder in academic year 2017-18 in the city of Isfahan. 30 students with generalized anxiety disorder were selected from the statistical population purposive non-random sampling method and were randomly replaced into experimental and control groups (15 students in the experimental and 15 in the control group). The experimental group received twelve ninety-minute sessions of therapy interventions related to cognitive therapy based on Dougas model during three months once a week while the control group didn’t receive any intervention during the study. The applied instruments included generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire, emotion-regulation questionnaire and meta-cognitive beliefs questionnaire. Data analysis from the study was done via SPSS23 software through Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (analysis of covariance) method.
Results: The results of data analysis showed that cognitive therapy based on Dougas model has significantly influenced Meta-Cognitive Beliefs and Emotion Regulation in the students with generalized anxiety disorder (p < 0.001) in that this therapy could lead to the increase of Meta-Cognitive Beliefs and Emotion Regulation in the students with generalized anxiety disorder. The effect size of this treatment on metacognitive beliefs and emotional adjustment was 0.72 and 0.80, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study it is suggested to apply cognitive therapy based on Dougas model as an efficient method in order to increase Meta-Cognitive Beliefs and Emotion Regulation in the students with generalized anxiety disorder.
Frequency Distribution of Divorce Causes in Yazd City
Authors: Bidaki Reza , Ghazalbash Hadi , Alsaidi Sogol , Ghazalbash Zahra , Barkhoordarian Ahmadabadi Azadeh , Kholasezade Golraste
Published: November 2020

Background: Divorce, as a consequence of family disruption, is a common phenomenon within all communities. Considering the increased frequency of divorce cases in Yazd city during recent years, this study was conducted to investigate the distribution of divorce causes and design an efficient program to deal with it.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional analytic study was conducted on the data collected from 118 male and female individuals referred to Yazd courts with divorce requests during  12 months. The participants were randomly selected and asked to complete a researcher-made questionnaire about the divorce. one of which include the participants' general information The second section contain 18 sub-scales and dealt with different causes of divorce. The collected data were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS version 17.
Results: The most effective divorce factor was misunderstanding and disagreement (44.9%), while the least important factor was friends (1.7%). Based on the results, the involvement of friends had the lowest effect on the incidence of divorce (1.7 %), while misunderstanding and disagreement were among the most frequent causes of divorce (44.9 %). Causes of divorce included addiction, unemployment, delinquency and infidelity, mental illness, violence, insults, and immorality in terms of gender differences and economic conditions represent a significant difference in the divorce rate with respect, as well as other factors of divorce. The findings represent a significant difference in the divorce rate with respect to the education status (p = 0/6).
Conclusion: The findings showed that disagreement was the main factor for divorce. Disagreement includes various moral, cultural, and religious aspects. Infidelity was also another most frequent cause of divorce in Iran and other countries. Considering different factors that affect the incidence of divorce, strategies should be seriously conducted before and after marriage to prevent and decrease its frequency within the society.
Pilot Analysis of a Survey to Assess University Undergraduate Males Stress, Dressing and Eating Habits
Authors: Saiki Diana , Kandiah Jay , Gundlach Jessica , Melton Mike
Published: November 2020

Background: Stress can effect all aspects of life, including eating and dressing behavior. These changes impact the health and wellness of individuals. With less known research on men, the purpose of this study was to report preliminary findings using an original research instrument to assess the perceived effects of stress on eating and dressing behaviors among undergraduate college males.
Methods: The sample included 32 male undergraduate students enrolled at a Midwestern University in the United States in 2017 completed the survey. The participants completed the survey two weeks apart. The instrument, Male Stress Dressing and Eating Survey, included 42 questions divided into four sections: 1) demographics, 2) effort put forth to control dressing and making healthy eating choices, 3) patterns of dressing and eating when stressed, and 4) dress items worn and foods eaten when under non-stressful and stressful conditions. Cohen’s Kappa (κ) was used to analyze test-retest reliability. The Wilcoxon signed ranks test, a nonparametric, paired sample test, was used to ascertain preliminary results pertaining to eating and dressing during perceived conditions.
Results: Kappa values for these dressing question ranged from to κ = -0.01 to κ = 0.60. All Infraclass Correlation Coefficient test-retest coefficients were statistically significant (p < 0.05), with the median being .66 demonstrating good reliability. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests indicated that men under perceived stress were more likely to choose mixed dishes, salty-crunchy foods, sweet foods, and modify their diet. When under perceived stress, these men used fewer accessories and did not dress formally, were not engaged in hair maintenance behaviors, were less likely to use scent enhancer, and did not enhance their appearance.
Conclusion: This survey has the potential to be reliable and useful in research related to stress, food, and dressing. Specifically, the instrument appears to be a useful tool for practitioners and researchers in the applied and academic areas associated with this age group and gender.
Риск развития Clostridium difficile инфекции, связанный с применением различных групп антибиотиков и их сочетаний, у детей в онкологическом стационаре
Authors: Швыдкая М. Г. , Затевалов А. М. , Джандарова Д. Т. , Митрохин С. Д.
Published: November 2020

Пациенты детского онкологического стационара находятся в группе риска развития Clostridium difficile инфекции. Цель данного исследования состояла в определении степени риска развития Clostridium difficile инфекции в детском онкологическом стационаре при применении различных групп антибиотиков и их сочетаний. В результате было показано, что применение антибактериальных химиотерапевтических препаратов, принадлежащих к группам нитрофуранов (энтерофурил), сульфаниламидов (бисептол), цефалоспоринов и макролидов/азалидов, достоверно повышало риск развития Clostridium difficile инфекции у детей – пациентов стационара. Применение таких антибиотиков, как линезолид, колистин и метронидазол, достоверно снижало риск развития Clostridium difficile инфекции. Применение пенициллинов, аминогликозидов, фторхинолонов, гликопептидов, карбопенемов не было связано с риском развития Clostridium difficile инфекции у детей, находящихся на лечении в онкологическом стационаре. Применение одного или двух антибактериальных химиотерапевтических препаратов, принадлежащих к разным группам, увеличивало риск развития Clostridium difficile инфекции по сравнению с применением препаратов трех групп.
Acute and Chronic Effects of Aluminum Smelter Dust on Hematology, Metal Bioaccumulation and Oxidant-antioxidant Status in Rat
Authors: Adham Khadiga G. , Asiri Atheer M.
Published: November 2020

Background: Aluminum smelting industry is implicated with documented health risks. This study examined toxic effects of aluminum smelting dust as a real-life chemical hazard instead of single aluminum compounds, which seldom exist in real life.
Methods: Adult male rats were gavaged acute (3 consecutive days) and chronic (6 weeks) doses of two dust concentrations (10 and 20 mg kg-1). Experimental investigation included toxic metal accumulation and biochemical analysis of blood and liver.
Result: Aluminum and iron were highest in dust and respectively accumulated in brain, liver and kidneys. Anemia, inflammation, liver and kidney damage and oxidative stress were established in view of thrombocytopenia (35%), leukocytosis (41%), lymphocytosis (55%) and alterations in aminotransferases, creatinine, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Aluminum facilitation of iron-mediated lipid peroxidation is suggested. These findings drew attention to the magnitude (dose-dependent) and persistence (time-dependent) of aluminum dust as health compromising and are of particular significance to workers in aluminum smelting industries.
Effect of Cellulase Genes Recombinant L. reuteri on Digestibility of Diet Crude Fiber and Adhesion in Gut of Chicken
Authors: Li Wang , Zhang Jingbo , Cheng Peng , Zhao Longmei
Published: November 2020

Background: The aim of this test was study the gut adhesion ability of recombinant Lactobacilli and their improvement of the digestibility of crude fiber in chick diet.
Methods: The adhesion ability was observed through in vitro and in vivo tests. Intestinal epithelial cells and recombinant Lactobacillus were co-cultured for observation of adhesion. One hundred one-day-old chicks were randomly divided into four groups; C15, C73, C1573 and control. Each chick in C15, C73, C1573 and control were orally gavaged with 200 ìL of fermentation broth of recombinant L. reuteri XNY-Cel15, 200 ìL of fermentation broth of recombinant L. reuteri XNY-Cel73 and 200 ìL of broth containing equal XNY-Cel15 and XNY-Cel73, 200 ìL of MRS broth, once at the beginning of the trial respectively.
Result: Recombinant L. reuteri adhered to chick intestinal epithelial cells which co-cultured together in vitro. After feeding for 30 days, the reporter genes of recombinant Lactobacillus was detected in the crop, small intestine and cecum of trial chicks, with their sequences corresponding to those of the insert genes. The digestibility of crude fiber in experimental groups was higher than that in control group and the digestibility of C15 was significantly higher than other groups (P less than 0.01). It showed that the recombinant Lactobacillus can survive in the digestive tract of chicken for more than 30 days and helped to decompose the crude fiber in the digestive tract.
Characterization of Putative Type IV Secretion System of Bacillus anthracis
Authors: Gopal Gopal Jee , Kumar Awanish
Published: November 2020

Background: Bacillus anthracis causes anthrax disease in livestock and occasionally in humans mainly through three toxic proteins: protective antigen, lethal factor and edema factor. Synthesis of the toxic proteins in bacteria and its pathogenic role in the human host is well known. But, how these toxins are secreted from bacterium to the host or in the culture medium is not known.
Methods: A group of researchers have shown (through in silico prediction) that several genes of B. anthracis have similarity with the genes which codes the subunit of the Type IV Secretion System (T4SS) known in other bacteria. In this study, we have tried to explore the existence of T4SS in B. anthracis using molecular biology tools.
Result: As an initial lead, three genes (GBAA-pXO1-0064, GBAA-pXO1-0085VirB11 and Bas3783) of B. anthracis T4SS (out of more than 10) were cloned and expressed in E. coli. Among them, gene Bas3783 (VirD4 homolog) is genome encoded therefore; it is sequenced and further characterized for its DNA binding activity and oligomerization. Results obtained from this study indicated the existence of T4SS in B. anthracis.
Proteins and Heparin Binding Proteins of Spermatozoa and Seminal Plasma in Beetal Bucks: Purification, Characterization and Role in In vivo Fertility
Authors: Cheema Ranjna S. , Dhillon Navjot S. , Singhal Sumit
Published: November 2020

Background: The proteome analysis of seminal plasma and spermatozoa is of special relevance in livestock. Heparin binding proteins (HBPs) found in the seminal plasma of several mammals are shown to bind to sperm membrane and affect a series of events that contribute to normal fertility, such as sperm capacitation, formation of the oviduct reservoir and binding to the oocyte. Profiles of HBPs from seminal plasma and sperm membranes have been associated with sperm fertility. Although, HBPs present in the SP are described in several species, but little is known about HBPs in buck.
Methods: Seminal plasma (SP) and sperm extracts (SE) of 13 bucks were subjected to heparin-sepharose affinity chromatography. Sperm extract, seminal plasma and purified HBPs and Non-HBPs were fractionated by SDS-PAGE. Total 78 females (6 per buck) were mated with 13 bucks. Bucks were divided into two groups, G-I (high fertile, 83.3-100% FR) and G-II (low fertile, 50-66.7% FR). Relationship between HBPs and fertility rate was observed.
Result: SDS – PAGE of SP and SE resulted in resolution of 22 (10-240 kDa) and 21 (10-270 kDa) bands, respectively. Based on fertility rate 15 and 13 kDa proteins were absent in SP of higher number of GI-compared to G-II bucks. Fourteen bands ranging from 10 – 180 kDa and 10 – 150 kDa were separated from SP-NHBP and SP-HBP. SP-HBPs of 75, 35, 30, 28, 25 and 13 kDa were present in higher (28.6%, 42.5%, 26.2%, 40.5%, 14.3% and 36.2%) number of high fertile than low fertile bucks. NHBP and HBP purified from SE resolved into 11 bands ranging from 10 – 135 kDa and 10 – 120 kDa, respectively. SE-HBP of 53 kDa, 50/45 kDa and 25 kDa were present in higher percentage of high fertile than low fertile bucks.
Influence of Photoperiod and Rearing Density of Fry in Production of Stunted Fingerlings of Catla catla (Hamilton)
Authors: Sahoo P. R. , Das P. C. , Nanda S. , Mohanta K. N. , Sahu B.
Published: November 2020

Background: Seed stunting is a process of suppressing the normal growth of fish by manipulating various factors affecting the growth process. The present study aimed at evaluating the influence of varied photoperiod and stocking density on the growth and survival of catla (Catla catla) during the stunting process.
Methods: Five treatments including control were used in triplicate and stocked with catla fry (0.84 g, 38.8 mm). Control, T-1 and T-2 groups were stocked with fry at 20 m-3 densities and maintained at 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness (12L:12D), 6L:18D and 0L:24D, respectively to study the influence of varied photoperiod. T-3 and T-4 were stocked with fry at 30 and 40 m-3 densities respectively to study the effect of crowding on the growth. Control at 20 m-3 density and 12L:12D photoperiod served as control for both the studies.
Result: There was a significant reduction in the survival, harvested body weight, total length and specific growth rate in the treatments T-1 and T-2 as compared to the control (P less than 0.05). Though these attributes were statistically similar (P greater than 0.05) between T-1 and T-2, the values were relatively higher in T-1 suggesting considerable photoperiod effect on fish growth. Similarly, the HBW, total length and SGR significantly reduced from T-3 to T-4 with increased density depicting effect of crowding on growth. Such results indicated that both increased stocking density and decreased photoperiod lead to growth suppression and can be used as tools for seed stunting in catla.
Identification of 24bp indel(s) Polymorphism in the Promoter Region of prolactin Gene and its Association with Broodiness in Tellicherry Native Chicken
Authors: Manoharan Azhaguraja , Sankaralingam S. , Anitha P. , Chacko Binoj , Aravindakshan T.V.
Published: November 2020

Background: Broodiness is a sex linked behavioural trait observed in most of the domestic fowls and it’s also known as incubation behaviour. Prolactin (PRL) is the principal gene which plays a crucial role to the onset and maintenance of broodiness in birds. The present study was aimed at identification of 24bp (insertion-deletion) indel polymorphism at the promoter region of prolactin gene and its association with broodiness in Telllicherry native chicken population. Methods: A total number of 200 birds of Tellicherry native chicken were randomly selected from All India Co-ordinated Research Project (AICRP) on poultry improvement, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala. Blood samples were collected from the wing vein under aseptic condition and isolation of Genomic DNA was done. Isolated DNA samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific set of forward and reverse primer to detect a 24bp indel polymorphism in the prolactin gene. PCR amplicons were subjected to further molecular analysis. Result: According to the polymorphic patterns birds were categorized to three different genotypes viz., II (insertion-insertion), ID (insertion-deletion) and DD (deletion-deletion). The genotype and allele frequency was calculated and the frequency of I allele (0.6975) was found to be higher than D allele (0.3025). Results of this study suggest that the incubation behaviour could be eliminated in Tellicherry native chicken population by increasing the frequency of I allele upon selective breeding which may enhance the egg production. Therefore, this 24bp indel polymorphism could be used as a molecular marker in poultry breeding.
Sintesis Senyawa Vanilil Metil Keton dan Uji Aktivitas Antiinflamasi terhadap Enzim COX-1 dan COX-2 melalui Analisis In Silico
Authors: Ummah Khoirotul , Mahardika Robby Gus , Mardliyah Ana
Published: November 2020

This study reports the synthesis of vanillyl methyl ketone from eugenol through Wacker oxidation and anti-inflammatory activity test toward COX-1 and COX-2 through in silico analysis. Wacker oxidation process was catalyzed by PdCl2 and CuCl2 using DMF solvent under the aerobic condition at room temperature for 48 hours. The product of the synthesis was purified by column chromatography and was characterized by NMR, IR, and MS spectroscopy. Characterization by spectroscopic methods showed that vanillyl methyl ketone was formed with a yield of 45% and vanillin (3%) was produced as a by-product. The anti-inflammatory activity of vanillyl methyl ketone was carried out by molecular docking toward   COX-1 and COX-2 obtained from PDB. The analysis showed that the anti-inflammatory activity and selectivity toward COX-2 of vanillyl methyl ketone was higher than eugenol. This was shown by the low binding energy affinity and the number of hydrogen bonds formed between the vanillyl methyl ketone and the active site of the enzyme. Keywords: eugenol, Wacker, vanillyl methyl ketone, antiinflammatory, in silico Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis senyawa vanilil metil keton dari eugenol melalui oksidasi Wacker serta dilakukan uji aktivitas antiinflamasi terhadap enzim COX-1 dan COX-2 melalui analisis in silico. Proses oksidasi Wacker dikatalisis oleh PdCl2 dan CuCl2 menggunakan pelarut DMF dalam kondisi aerob pada suhu ruang selama 48 jam. Senyawa hasil sintesis dipisahkan menggunakan kolom kromatografi dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektroskopi NMR, IR dan MS. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa senyawa vanilil metil keton telah terbentuk dengan randemen sebanyak 45% dan juga dihasilkan senyawa vanillin (3%) sebagai produk samping. Aktivitas antiinflamasi senyawa vanilil metil keton dilakukan dengan docking molekuler terhadap enzim COX-1 dan COX-2 yang diperoleh dari PDB. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antiinflamasi dan selektivitas terhadap COX-2 pada senyawa vanilil metil keton lebih tinggi dibandingkan eugenol. Hal ini ditunjukkan melalui rendahnya afinitas energi pengikatan dan banyaknya ikatan hidrogen yang terbentuk antara vanilil metil keton dengan sisi aktif enzim. Kata kunci : eugenol, Wacker, vanilil metil keton, antiinflamasi, in silico