bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infecção do trato urinário em idosos e seu perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana na comunidade
Authors: Silva Barbara de Almeida Sena da , Rodrigues Cássia Lorena Dantas , Pinheiro Malone Santos
Published: June 2022

Introdução: A Infecção do trato urinário (ITU) é uma doença frequente especialmente em idosos devido a diversos fatores que propiciam seu desenvolvimento e dificultam o tratamento. Nessa população o quadro clínico é atípico, o que dificulta o diagnóstico, levando a formas mais graves da doença. A instituição da terapia antimicrobiana rápida e assertiva, torna-se essencial para restabelecimento da saúde do idoso. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre ITU de origem comunitária com foco na população idosa, incluindo a análise da susceptibilidade antimicrobiana. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, na qual foram utilizados artigos das bases do Google Acadêmico, Scielo, Nature e Science Direct e dissertações/tese e obras literárias no período de 2015 a 2021. Os artigos incluídos estavam disponíveis online em português, inglês ou espanhol, na íntegra, e que abordavam a ITU em idosos na comunidade, aspecto epidemiológico e a susceptibilidade antimicrobiana. Resultados: Dentre os artigos selecionados, a Escherichia coli destacou-se como agente com maior incidência, seguida por  Klebsiella spp, Proteus mirabilis e Enterococcus spp.. A análise da susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos pela Escherichia coli demonstrou o maior índice de resistência  a sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim e  cefalosporinas de primeira geração, e maior sensibilidade aos beta-lactâmicos, cefalosporinas e carbapenêmicos. Conclusão: A Escherichia coli foi o uropatógeno de maior prevalência, apresentando índices de susceptibilidade distintos de acordo com a classe de antimicrobianos.
PERBANDINGAN SIFAT KUANTITATIF DAN KUALITATIF AYAM KAMPUNG BETINA DI MALANG DAN DI KLATEN
Authors: Nugroho Arif Adi , Utami Erni Cahya , Putri Ardyah Rahmadhina Irsani
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini memfokuskan identitas sifat kuantitatif dan kualitatif pada ayam kampung di Kabupaten Malang dan Kabupaten Klaten. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data dari peternak ayam kampung dengan sampel 5 ekor di setiap daerah. Sifat kualitatif yang diamati meliputi warna bulu, bentuk jengger, dan warna shank. Sifat kuantitatif yang diamati berupa bobot badan, panjang shank, dan panjang sayap. Dari hasil pengamatan sifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif antara ayam kampung di daerah Klaten dan Malang memiliki beberapa kesamaan dan perbedaan. Hal tersebut karena variasi genetik dan faktor lingkungan dari masing-masing daerah. Ayam kampung dari Klaten dan Malang memiliki rentang berat badan antara 1,7 kg hingga 2 kg. Panjang shank ayam kampung dari daerah Klaten dan Malang memiliki rentang panjang shank yang sama yaitu 7 cm hingga 10 cm. Panjang sayap ayam kampung di Klaten dan Malang memiliki rentang panjang sayap dari 8 cm hingga 13 cm. Warna Shanks ayam kampung di daerah Klaten dan Malang rata - rata memiliki warna kuning, jenis jengger di antara kedua daerah tersebut adalah jenis Rose, Bulu ayam kampung antara di Klaten dan Malang mayoritas berwarna hitam, coklat polos, coklat bergaris hitam. Variasi sifat kuantitatif dan kualitatif ayam kampung ditemukan antar daerah di Indonesia khusunya di Malang Jawa Timur dan Klaten Jawa Tengah. Variasi tersebut menjadi ciri khas sifat ayam kampung pada daerahnya.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA (Carica papaya L) DALAM AIR MINUM TERHADAP BERAT DAN PERSENTASE KARKAS BROILER
Authors: Rasbawati Rasbawati , Almahdali Almahdali , Munir Munir
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun papaya dalam air minum terhadap berat dan persentase karkas broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 taraf perlakuan ekstrak daun papaya dalam air minum masing-masing P0 (sebagai kontrol), P1 (30 ml/liter air), P2 (50 ml/liter air), P3 (70 ml/liter air). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali dan setiap unit terdiri dari 5 ekor broiler sehingga total pengamatan sebanyak 60 ekor broiler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pemberian ekstrak daun papaya dalam air minum tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap berat karkas broiler. Berat karkas tertinggi dari semua perlakuan ditunjukkan perlakuan  P3 (penambahan ekstrak daun papaya 70 ml/liter air) yaitu sebesar 1450,53 gr. Perlakuan pemberian ekstrak daun papaya dalam air minum berpengaruh nyata (P<0,01) terhadap persentasi karkas ayam broiler. Persentase karkas tertinggi dari semua perlakuan ditunjukkan perlakuan  P3 (penambahan ekstrak daun papaya 70 ml/liter air) yaitu sebesar  76,71%. Perlakuan terbaik pada penelitian ditunjukkan perlakuan ditunjukkan perlakuan P3 (70 ml ekstrak daun papaya / liter air).
Methodology of measurement of value orientations in patients with dental problems
Authors: Koval O.
Published: June 2022

The article explores the issues of methodology and methods of measuring personality value orientations.  Problems of manifestation of value orientations, adaptability to the environment are analyzed.  All the components of the human personality are structurally linked, their unity and ensuring the identity of the individual.

 It is shown that the interconnection of self-knowledge and value orientations is two-way: on the one hand, a person knows part of himself through the conscious and conscious acceptance of the values ​​that guide his behavior;  on the other, a change in the hierarchical structure of values, giving priority to higher-level values, directs and deepens the process of self-discovery.

 It has been found out that one of the most important moments in the development of patients with dental problems is their sense of self-worth through their own health.  The idea of ​​self-worth plays a significant role in the formation of personality.  These are not the motives for her behavior under any circumstances, but under certain circumstances, such perceptions that become personally meaningful can be included in the motivation for the behavior and increase the effectiveness of dental treatment.
COVID-19: the time for reconsidering and improving on-line learning in the context of medical education in Ukraine
Authors: Loban’ G. , Faustova M. , Ananieva M. , Kostenko V.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this review article is to highlight peculiarities of distance learning and methodology of its implementation and improvement at the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy under the quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Current paper highlights the main differences of distance learning from traditional classroom education in Ukraine. Moreover, we emphasise methods and forms of distance learning and some difficulties, which we faced in the state of COVID-19 emergency. However, transition from the traditional, in-person, learning to distance learning in the Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy during the COVID-19 pandemic was successful
Self-efficacy development programme of future social services specialists: contents, procedures, testing online
Authors: Onoprienko-Kapustina N.
Published: June 2022

The article presents the author’s training programme “The self-efficacy development of future social services specialists” online. The study defines the purpose, main tasks and scope of the training programme. The article described three training sessions (“Self-efficacy, its components and ways of development”; “Value attitude to self-efficacy and its development”; “Ability to show self-efficacy in professional activities”), which make up the structure of the training programme. We displayed the theoretical and practical-reflexive blocks of training sessions (first and second), and also we presented the maintenance and procedure of the organizational-activity game. “Ability to show self-efficacy in professional activities” as a basis for the development of self-efficacy and its manifestations in professional activity (third session), which together reveal the content of training sessions and contribute to the self-efficacy development of future social services specialists. The article determines the experimental and control group before and after the moulding experiment. There were not recorded, in the control group, statistically significant dynamics of levels, indicators, components. The G-criterion of signs revealed statistically significant differences in self-efficacy in the experimental group before and after the moulding experiment. A significant area of training is the development of confidence in future professionals of social services, their faith and their ability to professional self-realization in the social sphere (provision of social services to different categories of the population) by forming gnostic-reflexive, affective-value and behavioural-regulatory components of self-efficacy.
Counteraction violent crime against children normativ regulation: improvement urgency
Authors: Korniienko M.
Published: June 2022

The urgency of the article is stipulated by the need to elucidate normative regulation of counteraction violent crime against children as a factor in the effective activities of the relevant state agencies in the conditions of the rule of law principle implementation. It is emphasized that the issue of counteraction child abuse is relevant to several states of the world community and in some cases becomes international. It is concluded that the issue of counteraction violent crime against children should be considered at both national and international level. It is noted that the international instruments (hard law and soft law as wel) enshrine the positive obligations of the states, according to which national authorities should regulate relations on ensuring the rights of the child, set up appropriate state agencies, including agencies for counteracting violent crime against children.

Attention is drawn to the fact that the international level of regulation on the whole allows to determine the basic principles of counteracting violent crime against children, and the national level of regulation should be constantly improved, taking into account international trends in this field.
Human rights in the field of health care protection by the European court of human rights
Authors: Kuchuk A.
Published: June 2022

The urgency of the issue studied is stipulated by the need to understand the state of human rights in health care implementation through an analysis of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights The purpose of the study is to clarify understanding of the content of human rights in the field of health care by the European Court of Human Rights (following the Court's practice on Articles 2 and 3 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) and to identify ways of improving these rights. The main approach to research on the issue of human rights protection in the field of health care is to systematically analyze the practice of the European Court of Human Rights.

The expediency of adopting a separate protocol to Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the subject matter of which will be human rights in the field of health care, which can be an effective means of protecting human rights in the field of health care, is indicated.
The author's approach to the level of definition and formation of artistic and productive competence of children of senior preschool age
Authors: Karabayeva I. , Polovina O.
Published: June 2022

The article outlines the structure of the phenomenon "artistic and productive competence" based on theoretical research of modern scientific psychological and pedagogical literature. The existing approaches to defining the concept of preschoolers’ imagination are described. The essence of artistic, creative imagination of senior preschoolers lies in their ability to create a sensual image independently, to transform this image from the invisible into the visible.

The author's method of determining the level of senior preschoolers’ creative imagination is presented. It is noted that the teacher analyzes the results of the child's geometric shape drawing during the game diagnostic task "Magic Transformations" in order to determine it.

The author describes the technology of using art as an integrator of the development of a preschool child’s creative abilities. The article deals with the author's technology of image creation, that is aimed at: 1) the development of emotional and sensory perception of objects and phenomena of the environment; 2) providing conditions for the self-expression of each child. The author 's view on the use of art as a means of development of the child' s personality is proposed.

Technology of image creation involves the development of the ability to see and understand the beautiful in nature, in the environment through emotional perception; comprehension of the communicative function of art by the child; use of music, literature, games, creative tasks to create an image; activating interest in socializing in artistic activities. The article identifies work with the grain of the image as the most optimal method of working with children, which is not regulated by certain rules, and provides for centering on the source of the image.

The pedagogical conditions that are necessary to optimize the use of the technology of education in pre-school educational establishments are proposed for the implementation of the work. These pedagogical conditions are aimed at special pedagogical stimulation of the child's internal forces.
Non-traditional medicine as a new direction of experimental psychology (theoretical part of applied psychology in the practice of alternative medicine)
Authors: Pochynok Yu.
Published: June 2022

Today, the problem of creating and implementing a new integrated course in "Experimental Psychology" in medical health care is acute.  In addition, the questions remain extremely relevant: to what extent musical associations can influence a person, what level is available for such influence and what psychological transformations are caused.  It is important to be able to determine the threshold of energy levels, how it affects the excitability of the nervous system and what associations it causes.  And the extent to which training settings affect the relationship with Gestalt therapy.
The peculiarities of students’ creative thinking in the conditions of studying in higher educational establishment (empirical research)
Authors: Moskalenko V .V.
Published: June 2022

The article, basing on the results of empirical research, analyses the features of student youth creative thinking elements identifying in the conditions of higher education. The program of empirical research is based on a three-component model of manifestation of cognitive, affective, and conative elements of students' thinking as subjects of future activity. The content characteristics of the students’ creative thinking elements are analysed. As a result, it is established that the features of students’ creative thinking are determined by the configuration of thinking structural components, which is formed based on students' understanding of the sense of future professional activity subject. Its dynamics depends on the scale of students’ involving in the process of future profession mastering, which is determined not only by the effectiveness of the educational process in the university, but also by the ability of students to be involved in the production process in the profile of the future profession. It is confirmed that the level of students’ creative thinking emotional components increases in terms of combining of learning with production throughout the learning process in the university. It is confirmed that the dynamics of understanding the meaning of future professional activity by students in the conditions of study at the university is due to the organizational characteristics of the educational space. The influence of socio-demographic factors on the indicators of neophilia of students during their studying at the university has also been established.
Ways to improve the pedagogical skills of commanders and their role in training subordinates
Authors: Abdullaev Y. Z.
Published: June 2022

Within the last two years in Armed forces of Uzbekistan the serious transformations directed to creation of mobile, modern army are carried out. At the beginning of the current year the new Defense doctrine is accepted. It is highlighted that for the first time its contents has open character, showing transparency of our defensive policy. On a personal initiative of the head of state last year the State committee on defense industry which united all profile enterprises of the country is formed. In the short term it will allow to provide national army with arms and military equipment of domestic production and also the organization of process of training and education of the military personnel.
Emotionally - strong-willed stability of a soldier
Authors: Abdurakhmanov Sh. N. , Safayev Kh. A.
Published: June 2022

Emotional and strong-willed stability – complex psychology and pedagogical characteristic of personal development in which it is interconnected the strong-willed states and strong-willed qualities promoting implementation by the identity of strong-willed actions in situations of the increased emotional tension are presented. Age features of process of formation of emotional and strong-willed stability of the personality are caused by contradictions in intellectual, emotional and strong-willed development, the crisis nature of the teenage period (strengthening of a dominant of the distant purposes; formation of a performing link of strong-willed regulation; strengthening of internal ways of emotional and strong-willed regulation; establishment of intrinsic communication of the emotional and strong-willed sphere of the personality with moral consciousness, etc.). For formation of emotional and strong-willed stability it is necessary to know well the emotional and strong-willed features, to clearly represent the personal purposes, to train ability to operate itself in stressful situations.
Conceptual Approach to Consideration of Tolerance
Authors: Bafaev M.M.
Published: June 2022

The work reveals the problem of developing personality tolerance. The analysis of the content of the concept of "tolerance" made it possible to identify the main components of tolerance, to determine the purpose and principles of tolerance. The education of peace in the person, acceptance and understanding of other people regardless of their national, religious, social affiliation, views and world view, all this contributes to the formation of a morally healthy society.
Understanding of the professional reliability of officers of the National police of Ukraine
Authors: Barko V. , Vagina O. , Lunov V.
Published: June 2022

Based on the results of the expert assessment, the police officers were divided into three groups in terms of professional reliability, including the level of subjective professional experience, the development of professionally important qualities, work experience and personality characteristics.

Materials and Methods.   The SACS Questionnaire - "Strategic Approach to Coping Scale" (S. Hobfoll), Coping test by R. Lazarus, Multi-level personal questionnaire "Adaptivity", by A.H. Maklakov (1993), Life meaning orientations test The test of life meaning orientations is an adapted version of the test "Purpose in life" by J. Crumbaugh and L. Maholic, Questionnaire of the motivational structure of the personality by V. Milman, Questionnaire of the level of self-actualization by A. Maslow, The personal orientation questionnaire by V. Smekalo and H. Kucher. The 1 group (optimal level of professional reliability) included 54 police officers aged from 23 to 38 years old. The 2 group (sufficient level) included 57 people aged 24 to 37 years old. The length of service is from 2 to 8 years. The 3rd group (critical level) included 55 police officers aged 24 to 33 years old. The length of service is from 2 to 7 years.

Based on the obtained results of experimental work, the program for developing the professional reliability of the administrative police officers is presented. The main tool for the implementation of the program is professionally psychological training - a comprehensive educational technology that allows you to realize the professional self-development and self-improvement of the policeman personality in the form of a continuous process. This training includes a system of methods, techniques and exercises that ensure the effective formation, development and correction of the main components of professional policeman reliability: axiological-semantic, motivational, cognitive, emotional-volitional and behavioural.
Risk-taking behaviors in drivers in early and middle adulthood
Authors: Tatala Małgorzata , Janowski Konrad , Walesa Czesław , Mamcarz Piotr , Stępak Karolina
Published: June 2022

The aim of the presented research was to distinguish categories of risky behaviors in drivers and to determine whether the age of drivers is associated with undertaking risky behaviors.

The study included 120 participants, 60 in early and 60 in middle adulthood. Driver Risk Behavior Questionnaire (DRBQ) was used to measure this type of behavior.

The results of the confirmatory factor analysis, allowed to identify three dimensions of risky behaviors: (1) breaking the road traffic law, (2) overestimating own competences and (3) ignoring road hazards. Drivers in early adulthood more often than drivers in middle adulthood revealed risky behaviors resulting from overestimating their own competences and ignoring road hazards. Drivers in middle adulthood consider broader context and more perspectives when analyzing risk.
TRANSLATION OF NATURAL LANGUAGE TO CODE: A SURVEY
Authors:   Jain University, Moochhala Taha Yunus , R Dr. Kamalraj ,   Jain University
Published: June 2022

- Learning to code in a new language takes a lot of time and effort for new as well as seasoned developers. There is a certain language that machines understand and we humans have to learn that language in order for us to communicate with the machine and make it do the things that we desire. To reduce this human-machine barrier of communication researchers have come up with a machine learning solution to translate natural language into code that allows developers to spend more time on logic and architecture rather than the actual instructions given to the machine. This paper surveys the approaches developed by various research scholars to translate natural language into machine understandable code. We analyze these approaches and state their boons and banes so that there is scope for improvement in this domain. This paper aims to give an idea about the various approaches in this domain to budding researchers wanting to contribute in this field.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF GROUNDNUT POD SEPARATOR MACHINE
Authors:   Rural Energy & Infrastructure Department MGIRI, Raut Sachin , Chaudhary Shubham , Kandasamy Ravi Kumar , There Ganesh ,   Rural Energy & Infrastructure Department MGIRI
Published: June 2022

Agriculture is the backbone of India. In country like India, the yield of groundnuts is very low. The serious issue in groundnut production in India is the absence of groundnut handling machines accessible or the machines which are accessible in market are expensive to farmers. Before all else, the pods of groundnut were isolated from its plants by workers. They just eliminate groundnut pods with the assistance of their hands and separate them from the plants. The yield got from this strategy, was exceptionally low since it was an extremely tedious process. It was additionally a disappointing work for the workers. The customary strategy for isolating groundnut pods from plants is by hands. That conventional strategy is anything but an adequate technique for isolating groundnut pods. To conquer this manual tedious and disappointed interaction MGIRI's REI (Rural Energy and Infrastructure Department) has created single phase electrically worked "Groundnut Pod Separating machine" The machine has the capacity of isolating 400 kg of groundnut each hour with isolating efficiencies of 90% and 95%. The machine is created from locally sourced materials, which makes it exceptionally modest and effectively reasonable and furthermore, an upkeep cost of the machine is extremely low. It comprises of two turning rotors, 1HP single phase motor and separator to remove soil and gather the groundnuts.
Spectral and generation properties of new coumarins – benzopyrylium derivatives
Authors: Anufrik Slavamir S. , Tarkovsky Vikentiy V. , Anuchin Sergey N.
Published: June 2022

The spectral and generation parameters of coumarins, benzopyrylium derivatives, in ethanol and acetonitrile under coherent excitation were studied. It was found that the absorption spectra of the investigated compounds contain several maxima and the structuredness of the spectra is associated with their bichromophoric structure. It is shown that these organic dyes are bichromophoric compounds. It is noted that the nature of the substituents in positions 6 and 7 of the coumarin base and positions 6′ and 7′ of the benzopyrylium core determines their spectral-luminescent and lasing properties. It is demonstrated that the presence of substituents in certain positions of the coumarin base and the benzopyrylium core changes the conformation of the molecule and, accordingly, the dipole moments and oscillator strengths of the transition. The generation ability of coumarins of this class manifests itself only in the presence of the strongest donor substituents (for example, Et2N and OH) in position 7, and sufficiently strong acceptors in positions 6′ and 7′. Lasing was obtained in the spectral region of 730 –740 nm on dyes – benzopyrylium derivatives.
Synthesis and optical characteristics of silver nanoparticles produced by laser ablation of metal in liquid
Authors: Gusakov Grigory А. , Puzyrev Michail V. , Gorudko Irina V. , Shamova Ekaterina V. , Dorozhkin Radislav N.
Published: June 2022

The process of silver ablation in water by high-power laser pulses (λ = 1064 nm, τ = 20 ns) in the power density range from 2.6 ⋅ 108 to 5.5 ⋅ 108 W/cm2 has been investigated. The dependences of the ablation efficiency and the size distribution of silver nanoparticles on the power density of laser radiation and on the duration of synthesis have been determined. It was found that the resulting nanoparticles have a multimodal size distribution, in which three fractions with average sizes of 5; 50 and more than 100 nm can be distinguished. Particles with a diameter of more than 100 nm are formed as a result of the removal of the liquid-droplet phase directly from the target surface due to the hydrodynamic mechanism, particles 5 and 50 nm in size are formed due to condensation at different stages of cooling of the vapor-plasma formation. The proportion of these fractions in the silver sol is determined by the effective density of the laser power on the target surface. It is shown that pulsed laser irradiation of a sol of silver nanoparticles after the completion of the synthesis process makes it possible to significantly narrow the particle size distribution and increase the stability of the resulting suspension. It was found that the synthesised silver nanoparticles deposited on a silicon substrate can effectively enhance the Raman signal of human serum albumin.
Regularities of complexation of indotricarbocyanine dyes with human blood serum proteins
Authors: Tarasau Dmitri S. , Samtsov Michael P. , Krasnoperov Nikita N.
Published: June 2022

The interaction of indotricarbocyanine dyes with human blood serum proteins was studied. The spectral and fluorescent properties of dyes in butanol, Dulbecco’s sodium and potassium phosphate buffer (0.14 mol/L) with pH 7.4, and human blood serum solutions were determined. It was shown that the spectral properties of dyes in butanol differ significantly from the spectral properties in solutions of Dulbecco’s sodium and potassium phosphate buffer and human blood serum, and that butanol effectively extracts the molecules of the studied dyes that do not form covalently bound complexes with blood serum components. By analysing the extraction products, the proportion of covalent complexes of dyes with protein molecules was determined. It has been established that indotricarbocyanine dyes with a chlorine-substituted orthophenylene bridge in the conjugation chain are partially passes into butanol, the degree of extraction depends on the ratio of dye and protein concentrations. Thus, at a concentration of 10 mmol/L in 5 % human serum, the degree of extraction of these dyes is ~50 – 60 % respectively, the proportion of dye molecules in strong covalently bound complexes with blood serum components is ~ 40 –50 %. On the contrary, the dye with a free polymethine chain is extracted almost completely (91.4 % extraction rate). The indotricarbocyanine dyes are promising for use as a photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy.
Nuclear knowledge management system in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Sytova Svetlana N.
Published: June 2022

The article provides an overview of the basic concepts in the field of knowledge management, taking into account the recommendations of the United Nations in this area, as well as the nuclear knowledge management from the perspective of the International Atomic Energy Agency. The assessment of the state of nuclear knowledge management in the world, Eurasian Economic Union countries and Republic of Belarus has been carried out. The information and analytical activities and the specifics of the work of the national regulator in the field of nuclear and radiation safety – Department of Nuclear and Radiation Safety of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus (Gosatomnadzor) – in the field of nuclear knowledge management were analysed, as well as the best practices in this area in the Republic of Belarus. A description of modern information technologies for nuclear knowledge management system is given, including the further development of the capabilities and tools of software products – Intellectual information system of an employee of Gosatomnadzor to ensure control (supervision) in the field of nuclear and radiation safety and electronic portal of nuclear knowledge of the Republic of Belarus BelNET (https://belnet.bsu.by/ ). The basic principles for work and further development of nuclear knowledge management system in the Republic of Belarus are presented.
Properties of nickel – tin coatings deposited from aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes
Authors: Kudaka Anton A. , Vorobyova Tatsiana N.
Published: June 2022

The compositions of aqueous chloride-fluoride and ethylene glycol citrate electrolytes and conditions for electrochemical deposition of Ni – Sn coatings, providing the production of an alloy based on Ni3Sn2 intermetallic with nickel content of 36– 40 wt. %, have been proposed. The effect of sodium and ammonium fluorides additives, as well as non-ionic surfactant OS-20 in an aqueous electrolyte or hydrochloric and citric acids in ethylene glycol electrolyte on the internal stresses and corrosion resistance of coatings has been determined. The lowest internal stresses and the highest corrosion resistance have been found to be characteristic of coatings with a fine-grained dense structure that does not change with increasing of thickness (within 1–10 μm), which include a Ni3Sn2 single crystalline phase with minimal deviations from stoichiometry. To the greatest extent, these characteristics are provided during the deposition of coatings from ethylene glycol citrate electrolyte.
«Loser» textbook: A. I. Nemirovskii and the teaching of the history of the Ancient world in the Soviet school
Authors: Krikh Sergey B.
Published: June 2022

The article tells about a textbook on the history of the Ancient world, written by A. I. Nemirovskii in the early 1960s. This textbook participated in a competition for secondary schools, but lost to F. P. Korovkin’s textbook, which was released in a multimillion circulation. Nevertheless, A. I. Nemirovskii’s textbook was published in 1962 with a circulation of 300 thousand copies as a textbook for evening schools. Due to the fact that the author’s manuscript has survived, a comparative analysis of the initial text and that which was published in 1962 is possible. A. I. Nemirovskii made considerable efforts to make his textbook attractive to the reader, for example, he himself selected one and a half hundred illustrations, which were replaced during publication with standard illustrations prepared by the publishing house. Comparison with a textbook for schools published at the same time by F. P. Korovkin, shows that the degree of unification of the narrative in Soviet historiography was high, especially in the field of teaching history, and some original moments belonging to the pen of A. I. Nemirovskii were almost completely leveled out during editing. Despite the originality of the figure of the author himself, in his textbook one cannot notice the desire to go beyond the unified narrative of Soviet historiography developed by that time.
Manufacturing complex of the Abidnya settlement of the late Roman time: first results of the interdisciplinary research
Authors: Rumyantseva Olga S. , Saprykina Irina A. , Belitskaya Anna N.
Published: June 2022

The Abidnya settlement of the Kievskaya archaeological culture, located in the Mogilev Region of Belarus, was earlier considered as a manufacturing centre for the Eastern European enamelled objects. An interdisciplinary research of the evidence for the production metal objects has been carried out in the course of our project. It has included the morphological analysis of the crucibles; the study of the chemical composition of their surface and content with the portable X-ray fluorescence analysis and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy; the surface distribution of the finds, which could be related to the industrial complex – crucibles, smelting landles, casting moulds, beads of red opaque glass – possible raw materials for enamelling, production wastes etc. According to the results of our study, the evidence for the enamelling cannot be attested on the site. All the studied finds are related to the melting (remelting) and casting of the copper-based alloys, containing zinc, tin, lead. Brass, bronze and multicomponent copper alloys could have been among them.
The birational composition of arbitrary quadratic form with binary quadratic form
Authors: Bondarenko Alexandr A.
Published: June 2022

Let f(X) and g(Y) be nondegenerate quadratic forms of dimensions m and n respectively over a field K, charK ≠ 2. Herein, the problem of the birational composition of f(X) and g(Y) is considered, namely, the condition is established when the product f(X)g(Y) is birationally equivalent over K to a quadratic form h(Z) over K of dimension m + n? The main result of this paper is the complete solution of the problem of the birational composition for quadratic forms f(X) and g(Y) over a field K when m = 2. The sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of birational composition h(Z) for quadratic forms f(X) and g(Y) over a field K for m = 2 are obtained. The set of quadratic forms is described which can be considered as h(Z) in this case.
Monotonicity of random walks’ states on finite grids
Authors: Zadorozhnuyk Anna O.
Published: June 2022

In this paper two ways to order the nodes of a graph with respect to an arbitrary node are considered, both connected to random walks on the graph. The first one is the order according to probabilities of states of a random walk of fixed length started in that arbitrary node. The walks considered here are lazy walks – instead of making a step they are allowed to stay in the same node. A class of graphs, where such order the corresponds to the weak order by geodesic distances, was found. Square and toric n-dimensional grids are shown to be instances of this class. The second way of ordering is resistance distance to a fixed node. For another class of graphs, a pair of vertices with maximal resistance distance between them is established. Grids are again shown to be an example of graphs belonging to this class.
Space semantic aware loss function for embedding creation in case of transaction data
Authors: Vatkin Maksim , Vorobey Dmitry A.
Published: June 2022

Transaction data are the most popular data type of bank domain, they are often represented as sparse vectors with a large number of features. Using sparse vectors in deep learning tasks is computationally inefficient and may lead to overfitting. Аutoencoders are widely applied to extract new useful features in a lower dimensional space. In this paper we propose to use a novel loss function based on the metric that estimates the quality of mapping the semantic structure of the original tabular data to the embedded space. The proposed loss function allows preserving the item relation structure of the original space during the dimension reduction transformation. The obtained results show the improvement of the resulting embedding properties while using the combination of the new loss function and the traditional mean squared error one.
Assessment of the century-long and current trends in the change in the amount of precipitation in the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors: Huseynov Qabil M.
Published: June 2022

Some issues of assessing the century-long and current state of the amount of atmospheric precipitation in the territory of the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan are considered. Brief general information about this area is given. To assess the century-long tendency in the amount of atmospheric precipitation in the Nakhichevan hydrometeorological station, used the annual amount of atmospheric precipitation for the period 1891–2015. A graph of the dynamics of the annual amount of atmospheric precipitation, as well as the straight-line and curved-line trends in the series of this element, which characterise the features of the considered dynamics for 1891–2015, is presented. An assessment of possible changes in the annual amount of atmospheric precipitation for different climatic periods (1891–1910, 1911–1940, 1941–1971, 1972–2015) in the Nakhichevan hydrometeorological station is also presented. Taking into account the variability of annual precipitation in a large range, the frequency of occurrence of various gradations of this indicator for 1891–2015 was calculated. Due to the fact that the territory of the region under consideration has a complex relief, the values of the vertical gradients of atmospheric precipitation by months were calculated. Using the equations of relationship, the calculations of the annual amount of atmospheric precipitation for different heights are carried out and a comparison with the corresponding values is carried out. The results of calculations and assessment of the corresponding changes are presented.
Development of unified classifier of special terrain maps using geoinformation technologies
Authors: Cherenko Aliaksei S.
Published: June 2022

A method for creating a unified classifier of special terrain maps using geoinformation technologies is presented. The existing classifiers of maps of the operational and tactical situation, special and topographic terrain maps used in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus are analysed. Using the software products of the design bureau «Panorama», a methodology of developing new classifiers for geoinformation and traditional approaches is described. The urgency of creating the first unified digital classifier of special terrain maps for the geoinformation approach, which contains all available special terrain maps and allow you to use them in conjunction with maps of the operational-tactical situation and electronic topographic terrain maps crosslinking, is substantiated. The relevance of the creation of digital classifiers of special terrain maps by scale for the traditional approach involving the development of maps for analog printing is substantiated. In the created digital classifiers, for the first time, a system of classification and coding of terrain objects was used for them, which is based on the hierarchical method of classification of information of the first subset and the faceted method of classification of information of the second subset. The developed classifiers have a unified colour palette and cartographic fonts. Examples of the created symbols of the classifiers of special terrain maps are given. It is concluded that it is necessary to use the developed unified classifier of special terrain maps in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus.
Silencing as a way to de-communise contemporary domestic social science
Authors: Berkov Vladimir F.
Published: June 2022

The idea is to consider the phenomenon of silencing as a way of decommunisation of modern Russian social science. The term «silencing» is absent in the methodological literature, so as a working definition is proposed to use the interpretation, which is given in the lexicographical dictionary S. I. Ozhegov, – as the implementation of aspirations, allowing by deliberate silence to hide, not to let know about something. The task is twofold: firstly, to present silence as a way to decommunicate the philosophical and methodological basis of modern domestic social science; second, to consider the use of this action on its subject-practical level. In the first case, it is proposed to demonstrate the fact that the silencing of the philosophy of Marxism as a methodology for studying social processes has had detrimental consequences, especially given the fact that this philosophy has been replaced by positivism (in the forms of postmodernism, poststructuralism, deconstructivism, etc.) which has 65 Знать, чтобы предвидеть... To Know so that to Foresee... long since become obsolete. Under the predominance of such «advanced» methodology, modern Russian social science and its branches have found themselves in a fundamental crisis. In fact, the attitude to cognition of deep cause-and-effect relations, correlation of essence and phenomena, necessity and contingency, possibility and reality and other is no longer obligatory. Methodological approaches that aspire to a non-subjective (objectivist) representation of reality have become dangerously popular. Secondly, by design, is to show that silencing has become a way of de-communising the subject-practical sides and levels of social science. In this connection, we should condemn the extremely poor use of information riches allowing to talk about the activity of the Communist Party of Belarus during the Great Patriotic War in various spheres of social life (in the educational process, in educational and propaganda work, in the training of scientific-pedagogical personnel). The exceptional importance of objective and full coverage of Communist Party history (the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and its part) for educating young people in the spirit of patriotism, for exposing the rewriting of history by Western proponents of de-communisation, for solving the urgent problems of preventing the reduction of Communist ideology, its withdrawal from it and thus strengthening the bourgeois (liberal, in the current terminology) ideology, should be emphasised.
Organisational design of a university’s social mission: a functional approach
Authors: Volnistaya Marina G.
Published: June 2022

In the article author considers the theory of organisational design in relation to the study of new adaptive properties of university education, altered especially by the conditions of COVID‑19. The analysed concerns content of methodological approaches and principles of organisational design of functional structure of university education. Author considers the role of the goal-setting and strategic management stage of the university in modern conditions and compares the system-functional and system-targeted approaches to the organisational design of the university mission. The functional content of the strategy allowing full realisation of competitive advantages of universities in the global market of educational services is considered.
Characteristics and formation factors of strategies for social adaptation to COVID-19 among the population of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Shkurova Alena V. , Navitsky Yauhen N. , Kudrevich Maxim A.
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of public opinion study on COVID-19 in the Republic of Belarus. The strategies of social adaptation implemented by the population are presented and described in accordance with the developed model of the typology of methods of social adaptation. The key parameters for constructing a typology are the level of anxiety, self-identification with the type of reaction, the frequency of tracking information about COVID-19; a variety of preventive measures performed. In addition, based on the comparison of the described behaviours with other indicators, one can judge the specifics of the social portrait of adherents of various strategies, the specifics of choosing sources of information about COVID-19 and the frequency of their use, the dynamics of attitudes towards the medical field, including vaccination. The system of social control and the adoption of preventive measures in educational and professional organisations are essential for the formation of strategies for social adaptation.
Organ- and tissuespecific variation in antiradical potential and phenolic compounds content in plants of the genus Taxus spp.
Authors: Filipava Sviatlana N. , Lohvina Hanna O. , Spiridovich Elena V.
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the results of an investigation of the antiradical activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents in aboveground and underground organs and tissues of Taxus spp. plants (T. baccata L. cv. Semperaurea, T. cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. and T. wallichiana Zucc.) introduced in the Republic of Belarus. The analysis indicates the dependence of antiradical activity value and the level of phenolic compounds on the organ- and tissue-specific localisation. Root periderm (secondary dermal tissue) extracts of all Taxus spp. species studied showed the best antiradical activity with the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Thus, the extracts from the root periderm of T. wallichiana Zucc., T. cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. and T. baccata L. cv. Semperaurea had antiradical activity of (28.7 ± 1.0), (26.1 ± 0.8) and (22.4 ± 0.7) mg ascorbic acid equivalent per 1 g dry weight, respectively, which was 78–81 % higher than the antioxidant activity of the trunk-bark extracts and 42– 64 % higher than the activity of the needle extracts. The total phenolic content of the root periderm extracts of all investigated plants varied from (129.9 ± 2.9) to (154.2 ± 4.3) mg gallic acid equivalent per 1 g dry weight, and was found to be highest in the T. wallichiana Zucc. extract. The greatest flavonoid content was observed with extracts of the root periderm of T. cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. ((13.0 ± 0.4) mg quercetin equivalent per 1 g dry weight).
Study of the efficiency of suppressing fire blight by bacteriophages under laboratory conditions
Authors: Besarab Natalya V. , Lagonenko Alexander L. , Letarova Maria A. , Golomidova Alla K. , Kulikov Evgeny E. , Letarov Andrey V. , Evtushenkov Anatoly N.
Published: June 2022

Erwinia amylovora bacteriophages Hena2, Roscha1, Pixel, Dichka and VyarbaS were studied as a biological fire blight control agents on model objects – pear flowers and leaves. When treated with a bacteriophage 1 h before inoculation with E. amylovora 1/79Sm, no statistically significant differences in symptoms were found compared to the control. However, a decrease in the titer of the pathogen by 1–3 orders of magnitude was shown with E. amylovora in the inoculum of 106 –108 CFU/mL and treatment with a bacteriophage 1 h before infection with the pathogen.