bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functionally graded adhesive joints under impact loads
Authors: dos Reis Mateus , Carbas Ricardo , Marques Eduardo , da Silva Lucas
Published: March 2021

The industrial application of adhesively bonded joints has increased significantly in the last few years, driven by benefits such as the increased design flexibility, high vibration damping, the capability of joining dissimilar materials and the possibility of being used in combination with other joining techniques. However, the presence of stress concentrations at the overlap ends, especially in single lap joints, is one of the major issues associated with this technique, reducing joint strength. To solve this drawback, several techniques have been proposed, such as the use of adhesive spew, adhesive and adherend shaping, mixed adhesive joints and functionally graded adhesive joints. Functionally graded adhesive joints use an adhesive layer where the properties gradually change along the bondline, which results in the reduction of stress concentration peaks at the ends of the overlap, leading to a more uniform stress distribution. Multiple techniques for the creation of a functionally graded bondline have been presented in the literature, such as the inclusion of particles and nanoparticles and the use of functionally graded curing. However, the experimental works available in the literature only report results for quasi-static loading conditions, with the impact behaviour of these joints being an unstudied topic. The main objective of the present work is to fill this gap and study the mechanical behaviour of functionally graded adhesive joints loaded under impact conditions, using both experimental testing and numerical modelling. The results obtained show that, unlike what is found for quasi-static loads, graded joints do not offer significant strength improvement under impact loads. In contrast, energy absorption is significantly increased. This behaviour is explained by the completely different stress distribution on the adhesive layer for quasi-static and impact conditions, leading to the lower effectiveness of functionally graded adhesive joints under impact loads.
Parent Caregiving Experiences and Posttraumatic Growth Following Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Beckmann Nicole B. , Dietrich Mary S. , Hooke Mary C. , Gilmer Mary J. , Akard Terrah F.
Published: March 2021

Background: Parents of children recovering from hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) experience significant distress due to unpredictable and potentially life-threatening complications. Distress is heightened by intensive caregiving parents provide the child during the first 100 days after HSCT. Management of distress and adaptation to caregiving responsibilities may be enhanced if parents find benefit in their experiences through posttraumatic growth (PTG), yet little is known about how parents’ experiences after HSCT foster PTG. This study aimed to explore how parents experience caregiving and PTG 100 days after children’s HSCT. Methods: Thirty-one parents completed semi-structured interviews ∼100 days after children received HSCT. Results: Four major themes emerged from the data to describe parent experiences after HSCT: (1) psychosocial and healthcare contextual factors; (2) cognitive, affective, and social support reactions to HSCT; (3) problem-based, emotion-based, and cognitive coping strategies; and (4) PTG. Discussion: Results increase the understanding of how parents’ experiences and caregiving responsibilities contribute to PTG. These findings may guide future research to understand how these experiences influence PTG. Nurses are integral to the parents’ experiences. Future work should focus on nursing interventions that enhance positive reinterpretation of parents’ experiences after their children’s HSCT.
A Rare Case of Cardiac Mesenchymal Hamartoma and Comprehensive Review of the Literature With Emphasis on Histopathology
Authors: Jobbagy Soma , Patel Simmi , Marboe Charles , Jiang Jie-Gen , Jobbagy Zsolt
Published: March 2021

Hamartomas are primary, benign neoplastic lesions that most commonly derive from a single variably differentiated cell lineage. Here, we report an unusual case of a cardiac hamartoma. A 62-year-old woman presented with chest pain and palpitations. Serial imaging revealed a large slowly growing and highly vascularized left ventricular mass, which required surgical resection. Microscopically, the lesion was composed of nodular fibrovascular proliferation with haphazardly embedded muscle bundles and peripheral calcifications. Immunohistochemical studies revealed prominent muscle-specific actin positive and smooth muscle actin positive muscle fiber bundles within a disorganized fibrovascular stroma. This characterization is most consistent with cardiac mesenchymal hamartoma. Relevant differential diagnoses for this lesion include hamartoma of mature cardiac myocytes (HMCMs) and intramuscular hemangioma. The prominent smooth muscle differentiation of muscle bundles was incompatible with defining features of HMCM. Absence of S100-positive nerve and mature adipose cells distinguished this lesion from the recently defined, heterogeneous cardiac mesenchymal hamartoma. Forty-seven cases of cardiac hamartoma reported from 1970 to 2020 were reviewed to provide histopathologic context.
Total Ankle Arthroplasty Radiographic Alignment Comparison Between Patient-Specific Instrumentation and Standard Instrumentation
Authors: Escudero Mario I. , Le Vu , Bemenderfer Thomas Bradford , Barahona Maximiliano , Anderson Robert B. , Davis Hodges , Wing Kevin J. , Penner Murray J.
Published: March 2021

Background:

Several benefits are published supporting patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). This study seeks to determine if TAA with PSI yields different radiographic outcomes vs standard instrumentation (SI).

Methods:

Sixty-seven primary TAA patients having surgery using PSI or SI between 2013 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed using weightbearing radiographs at 6-12 weeks postsurgery. Radiographic parameters analyzed were the medial distal tibia angle (MDTA), talar-tilt angle (TTA), anatomic sagittal distal tibia angle (aSDTA), lateral talar station (LTS), and talar component inclination angle (TCI). A comparison of the 2 groups for each radiologic parameter’s distribution was performed using a nonparametric median test and Fisher exact test. Furthermore, TAAs with all radiographic measurements within acceptable limits were classified as “perfectly aligned.” The rate of “perfectly aligned” TAAs between groups was compared using a Fisher exact test with a significance of .05.

Results:

Of the 67 TAAs, 51 were done with PSI and 16 with SI. There were no differences between groups in MDTA ( P = .174), TTA ( P = .145), aSDTA ( P = .98), LTS ( P = .922), or TCI angle ( P = .98). When the rate of “perfectly aligned TAA” between the 2 groups were compared, there was no significant difference ( P = .35).

Conclusion:

No significant radiographic alignment differences were found between PSI and SI implants. This study showed that both techniques achieve reproducible TAA radiographic coronal and sagittal alignment for the tibial component when performed by experienced surgeons. The talar component’s sagittal alignment is similar whether or not PSI was used but is noticeably different from normal anatomic alignment by design.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected data.
Legitimizing: A Meaningful but Underappreciated and Underutilized Family Systems Nursing Intervention
Authors: Duhamel Fabie
Published: March 2021

Legitimizing is a Family Systems Nursing (FSN) intervention that is more than active listening and validating to comfort individuals and families who experience suffering. Based on a postmodern paradigm, this intervention consists of acknowledging that a person’s ideas/experience make sense, given their context or circumstances. This concept is often mentioned when discussing the theoretical components of FSN, but little has been written about how to apply it in clinical practice. In therapeutic conversations, once family members’ ideas/experience have been “legitimized” by the nurse and by other family members, the greater the chances are of working together to find solutions to their problem. The purpose of this article is to provide an embellished description, theoretical background, and clinical examples of this underappreciated and underutilized FSN intervention.
Efficacy of Monitoring Platelet Function by an Automated PL-12 Analyzer During the Treatment of Acute Cerebral Infarction With Antiplatelet Medicine
Authors: Yue Cen , Lin Zhiwei , Lu Congxia , Chen Hanshui
Published: March 2021

Numerous methods can be used to investigate the function of platelets; however, technical issues limit tends to limit the applicability of such methods in the clinic.

Methods:

All participants were administered with oral aspirin (100 mg/d) for 7 days. Blood samples were then collected and platelet function evaluated by an automated PL-12 analyzer, TEG, and the platelet count drop method. We found that platelet counts determined by the traditional platelet drop method were significantly lower in the PL-12 sensitive group and significantly higher in the PL-12 insensitive group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, MAR measured by PL-12 was positively correlated with the MA values determined by TEG and the platelet drop method (r = 0.322, r = 0.036, respectively, P < 0.05), More importantly, the PL-12 analyzer showed the largest AUC (0.748) with a sensitivity of 87.4% and a specificity of 57.4%, indicating PL-12 analyzer using in platelet aggregation evaluation of ACI patients more credibly and accuracy. Additionally, genetic analysis showed that the polymorphic of A-allele in the PEAR1 (rs12041331) gene was significantly increased in the PL-12 sensitive group rather than in the PL-12 insensitive group (P < 0.05), suggesting the predictive value of PL-12 analyzer for the prognosis of ACI patients was superior to the other methods tested herein. Our analyses demonstrate that PL-12 analysis offer a new superior technology for monitoring antiplatelet drug efficacy and for clinical prognosis of ACI patients, which has the advantages of simplicity, speed, and automation in platelet aggregation measurement.
Stability of real-time hybrid simulation involving time-varying delay and direct integration algorithms
Authors: Huang Liang , Chen Cheng , Huang Shenjiang , Wang Jingfeng
Published: March 2021

Stability presents a critical issue for real-time hybrid simulation. Actuator delay might destabilize the real-time test without proper compensation. Previous research often assumed real-time hybrid simulation as a continuous-time system; however, it is more appropriately treated as a discrete-time system because of application of digital devices and integration algorithms. By using the Lyapunov–Krasovskii theory, this study explores the convoluted effect of integration algorithms and actuator delay on the stability of real-time hybrid simulation. Both theoretical and numerical analysis results demonstrate that (1) the direct integration algorithm is preferably used for real-time hybrid simulation because of its computational efficiency; (2) the stability analysis of real-time hybrid simulation highly depends on actuator delay models, and the actuator model that accounts for time-varying characteristic will lead to more conservative stability; and (3) the integration step is constrained by the algorithm and structural frequencies. Moreover, when the step is small, the stability of the discrete-time system will approach that of the corresponding continuous-time system. The study establishes a bridge between continuous- and discrete-time systems for stability analysis of real-time hybrid simulation.
Time-Space Distanciation as a Decolonizing Framework for Psychology
Authors: Schmitt Harrison J. , Young Isaac F. , Keefer Lucas A. , Palitsky Roman , Stewart Sheridan A. , Goad Alexis N. , Sullivan Daniel
Published: March 2021

Coloniality describes the way in which racialized conceptions of being, personhood, and morality inherent in colonial regimes are maintained long after the formal end of colonial enterprises. Central to coloniality has been the material and psychological colonization of space and time, largely by Western and industrialized nations. We propose the importance of understanding the coloniality of time and space through a historically grounded framework called time-space distanciation (TSD). This framework posits that via the global spread of capitalism through colonization, psychological understandings of time and space have been separated from one another, such that they are now normatively treated as distinct entities, each with their own abstract and quantifiable value. We discuss the construct and its centrality to coloniality, as well as the ways in which contemporary psychology has been complicit in proliferating the coloniality of psychologies of time and space. Finally, we discuss ways to employ the decolonial strategies of denaturalization, indigenization, and accompaniment in the context of future research on the psychology of time and space. TSD contributes to decolonial efforts by combatting the reification of hegemonic psychological constructs, showing how these constructs arise as a function of historical changes in understanding, experience, and use of time and space.
Lineage Switch in an Infant B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia With t(1;11)(p32;q23); KMT2A/EPS15, Following Blinatumomab Therapy
Authors: Du Jing , Chisholm Karen M , Tsuchiya Karen , Leger Kasey , Lee Brittany M , Rutledge Joe C , Paschal Cate R , Summers Corinne , Xu Min
Published: March 2021

We report a 6 month-old infant girl with t(1;11)(p32;q23), KMT2A/EPS15-rearranged B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) that was refractory to traditional ALL-directed chemotherapy. Following administration of blinatumomab, she experienced lineage switch from B-ALL to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Myeloid-directed chemotherapy resulted in clearance of AML by flow cytometry, though a residual CD19+ B-ALL population persisted (0.14%). Following bridging blinatumomab, the patient achieved B-ALL and AML remission, as measured by flow cytometry. The patient subsequently underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Unfortunately, she relapsed with CD19+ B-ALL one-month post-transplantation. Next generation sequencing study of IGH/IGL using ClonoSEQ® analysis detected 3 dominant sequences all present in her original B-ALL, lineage switched AML, and post-transplant relapsed B-ALL, though the latter showed an additional 4 sequences, three of which were present at low abundance in the original diagnostic sample. The presence of the same clones throughout her disease course suggests cellular reprogramming and differentiation following chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This is the first reported case of lineage switch of B-ALL with t(1;11) and also the first report of a lineage switch case that used ClonoSEQ® to define the clonality of the original B-ALL, lineage switched AML, and relapsed B-ALL.
Supernumerary Remnant Vas Deferens Like Wolffian-Derivatives in a Young Child With Abdominal Cocoon Syndrome—A Clinicopathological Novelty
Authors: Agarwal Shilpi , Gaur Kavita , Agrawal Nikita , Puri Archana
Published: March 2021

The abdominal cocoon syndrome is a rare cause of recurring intestinal obstruction in children. It refers to encasement of the small bowel by a fibrocollagenous membrane forming a cocoon. We report a nine year old male presenting with abdominal pain, distension, bilious vomiting and inability to pass stool and flatus for two days. In view of a persistently increasing bilious nasogastric output, an urgent exploratory laparotomy was performed. The small bowel loops were matted together forming a cocoon densely adherent to the parietal peritoneum with supra-colic fibrous bands. The bands histologically displayed multiple ductal remnants with epithelium resembling that of ductus deferens. These structures showed immunopositivity for pan-cytokeratin and basal CD10.Workup for tuberculosis and other etiological causes was unremarkable. This is the first documented case of abdominal cocoon in a pediatric subject associated with supernumerary wolffian remnants.
Histologic Correlates of Molecular Group 4 Pediatric Medulloblastoma: A Retrospective Canadian Review
Authors: Triscott Joanna , Yip Stephen , Johnston Donna , Michaud Jean , Rassekh Shahrad R. , Hukin Juliette , Dunn Sandra , Dunham Christopher
Published: March 2021

Introduction

The World Health Organization currently classifies medulloblastoma (MB) into four molecular groups (WNT, SHH, Group 3 and Group 4) and four histologic subtypes (classic, desmoplastic nodular, MB with extensive nodularity, and large cell/anaplastic). “Classic” MB is the most frequent histology, but unfortunately it does not predict molecular group or patient outcome. While MB may exhibit additional histologic features outside of the traditional WHO subtypes, the clinical significance of such features, in a molecular context, is unclear.

Methods

The clinicopathologic features of 120 pediatric MB were reviewed in the context of NanoString molecular grouping. Each case was evaluated for five ancillary histologic features, including: nodularity without desmoplasia (i.e., “biphasic”, B-MB), rhythmic palisades, and focal anaplasia. Molecular and histological features were statistically correlated to clinical outcome using Chi-square, log-rank, and multivariate Cox regression analysis.

Results

While B-MB (N = 32) and rhythmic palisades (N = 12) were enriched amongst non-WNT/SHH MB (especially Group 4), they were not statistically associated with outcome. In contrast, focal anaplasia (N = 12) was not associated with any molecular group, but did predict unfavorable outcome.

Conclusion

These data nominate B-MB as a surrogate marker of Groups 3 and particularly 4 MB, which may earmark a clinically significant subset of cases.
Machine-learning algorithm as a prognostic tool in non-obstructive acute-on-chronic kidney disease in the cat
Authors: Renard Jade , Faucher Mathieu R , Combes Anaïs , Concordet Didier , Reynolds Brice S
Published: March 2021

Objectives

The aim of this study was to develop an algorithm capable of predicting short- and medium-term survival in cases of intrinsic acute-on-chronic kidney disease (ACKD) in cats.

Methods

The medical record database was searched to identify cats hospitalised for acute clinical signs and azotaemia of at least 48 h duration and diagnosed to have underlying chronic kidney disease based on ultrasonographic renal abnormalities or previously documented azotaemia. Cases with postrenal azotaemia, exposure to nephrotoxicants, feline infectious peritonitis or neoplasia were excluded. Clinical variables were combined in a clinical severity score (CSS). Clinicopathological and ultrasonographic variables were also collected. The following variables were tested as inputs in a machine learning system: age, body weight (BW), CSS, identification of small kidneys or nephroliths by ultrasonography, serum creatinine at 48 h (Crea48), spontaneous feeding at 48 h (SpF48) and aetiology. Outputs were outcomes at 7, 30, 90 and 180 days. The machine-learning system was trained to develop decision tree algorithms capable of predicting outputs from inputs. Finally, the diagnostic performance of the algorithms was calculated.

Results

Crea48 was the best predictor of survival at 7 days (threshold 1043 µmol/l, sensitivity 0.96, specificity 0.53), 30 days (threshold 566 µmol/l, sensitivity 0.70, specificity 0.89) and 90 days (threshold 566 µmol/l, sensitivity 0.76, specificity 0.80), with fewer cats still alive when their Crea48 was above these thresholds. A short decision tree, including age and Crea48, predicted the 180-day outcome best. When Crea48 was excluded from the analysis, the generated decision trees included CSS, age, BW, SpF48 and identification of small kidneys with an overall diagnostic performance similar to that using Crea48.

Conclusions and relevance

Crea48 helps predict short- and medium-term survival in cats with ACKD. Secondary variables that helped predict outcomes were age, CSS, BW, SpF48 and identification of small kidneys.
Effect of prazosin on feline recurrent urethral obstruction
Authors: Hanson Kayla R , Rudloff Elke , Yuan Lingnan , Mochel Jonathan P , Linklater Andrew KJ
Published: March 2021

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine if male cats treated with 7 days of prazosin following relief of urethral obstruction (UO) experienced decreased rates of recurrent urethral obstruction (rUO) within 30 days vs those treated with 7 days of placebo.

Methods

All castrated male cats presenting for the first time with UO from May 2014 to August 2017 were eligible for enrollment. Exclusion criteria included the administration of medications or passage of a urinary catheter prior to referral, the presence of heart disease or hypertension requiring medication, prior treatment with glucocorticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, prazosin or phenoxybenzamine, or radiographic identification of cystoliths. Cats were treated with standardized anesthetic and analgesic protocols, standardized indwelling urinary catheter management, and were hospitalized for care. A random numbers table was generated prior to study initiation and cats were randomized to receive either prazosin (0.5 mg PO q12h for 7 days) or placebo in a blinded fashion. A 30-day follow-up with owners via telephone was performed to identify the rate of rUO. Cats that did not receive the full course of study medication were removed from the analysis. The study was unblinded at the end of data collection.

Results

Eighty cats were enrolled and 65 cats completed the study; 12 were excluded because they did not receive the study medication. Sixteen of 65 cats experienced rUO (25%). Of the 16 cats experiencing rUO, five received placebo (n = 5/28 [18%]) and 11 received prazosin (n = 11/37 [30%]). Ten of the cats that experienced rUO reblocked while still hospitalized. There was no significant difference in frequency of rUO in cats treated with prazosin vs placebo ( P = 0.27).

Conclusions and relevance

Prazosin administered at 0.5 mg PO q12h did not decrease the rate of rUO in this population of obstructed male cats vs placebo. These results further support evidence suggesting that prazosin may not be beneficial in prevention of feline rUO.
Emerging Therapeutic Drugs in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Cipriano Élia , Mesquita Alexandra
Published: March 2021

Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease with a poor prognosis and currently with few treatment options. Treatment of these patients is highly based on systemic chemotherapy. Some targeted drugs were recently approved for these patients: two poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutations (olaparib and talazoparib), immune checkpoint inhibitors in association with chemotherapy if programmed death-ligand 1 positive (atezolizumab plus nabpaclitaxel and pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy [nabpaclitaxel, paclitaxel, and carboplatin plus gemcitabine]), and an antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab-govitecan in heavily pretreated patients (at least 2 previous lines for the metastatic setting). Combinations using these and other targeted treatment options are under investigation in early and late clinical trials, and we will probably have some practice-changing results in the new future. Other targeted drugs explored in phase II and phase III clinical trials are PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors and androgen receptor antagonists in patients with alterations in these signaling pathways. The definition of molecular subtypes has been essential for the development of these treatment strategies. Soon, the treatment of metastatic TNBC could be based on personalized medicine using molecular testing for targeted drugs instead of only systemic chemotherapy. The authors present a review of emerging treatment options in metastatic TNBC, focusing on targeted drugs, including the recent data published in 2020.
Lack of Skeletal Muscle Serotonin Impairs Physical Performance
Authors: Falabrègue Marion , Boschat Anne-Claire , Jouffroy Romain , Derquennes Marieke , Djemai Haidar , Sanquer Sylvia , Barouki Robert , Coumoul Xavier , Toussaint Jean-François , Hermine Olivier , Noirez Philippe , Côté Francine
Published: March 2021

Low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin have been associated with the onset of depression. While traditional treatments include antidepressants, physical exercise has emerged as an alternative for patients with depressive disorders. Yet there remains the fundamental question of how exercise is sensed by the brain. The existence of a muscle–brain endocrine loop has been proposed: according to this scenario, exercise modulates metabolization of tryptophan into kynurenine within skeletal muscle, which in turn affects the brain, enhancing resistance to depression. But the breakdown of tryptophan into kynurenine during exercise may also alter serotonin synthesis and help limit depression. In this study, we investigated whether peripheral serotonin might play a role in muscle–brain communication permitting adaptation for endurance training. We first quantified tryptophan metabolites in the blood of 4 trained athletes before and after a long-distance trail race and correlated changes in tryptophan metabolism with physical performance. In parallel, to assess exercise capacity and endurance in trained control and peripheral serotonin–deficient mice, we used a treadmill incremental test. Peripheral serotonin–deficient mice exhibited a significant drop in physical performance despite endurance training. Brain levels of tryptophan metabolites were similar in wild-type and peripheral serotonin–deficient animals, and no products of muscle-induced tryptophan metabolism were found in the plasma or brains of peripheral serotonin–deficient mice. But mass spectrometric analyses revealed a significant decrease in levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the main serotonin metabolite, in both the soleus and plantaris muscles, demonstrating that metabolization of tryptophan into serotonin in muscles is essential for adaptation to endurance training. In light of these findings, the breakdown of tryptophan into peripheral but not brain serotonin appears to be the rate-limiting step for muscle adaptation to endurance training. The data suggest that there is a peripheral mechanism responsible for the positive effects of exercise, and that muscles are secretory organs with autocrine-paracrine roles in which serotonin has a local effect.
Correlation and Predicted Equations of MIP/MEP from the Pulmonary Function, Demographics and Anthropometrics in Healthy Thai Participants aged 19 to 50 Years
Authors: Sriboonreung Thanyaluck , Leelarungrayub Jirakrit , Yankai Araya , Puntumetakul Rungthip
Published: March 2021

Objective:

To identify the correlations and possible predicted equations of maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory mouth pressure (MEP) values from pulmonary function test (PFT), demographics, and anthropometrics.

Methods:

This study involved 217 healthy participants (91 males and 126 females) aged 19 to 50 years. The PFT (forced vital capacity; FVC, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FEV1, maximal mid-expiratory flow; MMEF, and peak expiratory flow; PEF) was performed by spirometry, whereas MIP and MEP were evaluated by a respiratory pressure meter. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression, with the stepwise method, were used for statistical analysis.

Results:

The MIP and MEP had a significant positive correlation with weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. MIP had a significant positive correlation with FVC (%) and PEF (L/s and %), as well as a negative correlation with FEV1/FVC (ratio and %) and MMEF (%). Whereas, MEP showed a significant positive correlation with PEF (L/s and %) and negative correlation with FEV1/FVC (ratio and %) and MMEF (L/s). Finally, the predicted MIP and MEP equations were 103.988−97.70 × FEV1/FVC + 31.292 × Sex (male = 1 and female = 0) + 0.662 × PEF (%) and 47.384 + 3.603 × PEF (L/s)−9.514 × MMEF(L/s) + 30.458 × Sex (male = 1 and female = 0) + 0.534 × PEF (%), respectively.

Conclusion:

The respiratory muscle strengths can be predicted from the pulmonary function test, and gender data.
Housing, Personhood and Affect in Gentrifying Garden Villages of Amsterdam
Authors: van de Kamp Linda
Published: March 2021

This article offers insight into how housing, renovation, and gentrification are more than matters of upgrading material dwellings and neighborhoods, but they substantially engage residents’ very notions of who they are and how they are perceived. Using the lens of valuation, gentrification is presented as much more than an exclusionary market relationship but as a process that shows how human perspectives on selves emerge and transform along with housing discourse and relations and informs feelings of socio-spatial (in)justice. The case is the ongoing transformation of the working-class garden villages in postindustrial Amsterdam North, an area that has become subject to active urban redevelopment since the 2000s. The material upgrading of the industrial spaces and social housing makes tangible the long-term active residents’ historically sensorial relations with the built environment, around which their sense of self was shaped. Long-term residents and their children increasingly demand that the ongoing spatial improvement of the area does justice to the deeply embodied history of social emancipation in the garden villages.
Testing effects of hospitality employment on property crime in the United States
Authors: Bianchi Giuliano , Chen Yong
Published: March 2021

This study aims to model the effect of hospitality employment on property crime in economic crime equations, in which unemployment either indicates the opportunity cost of crime or suggests the decrease of targets. We developed a model of property crime that incorporates both unemployment rate and hospitality employment, in which the effect of unemployment rate on property crime is controlled to isolate the net effect of hospitality employment. We tested the model with the data of hospitality employment and property crime rates in the United States from 1972 to 2012, for which the date are available. On the one hand, we verified a negative causation from unemployment rate to property crime, suggesting that high unemployment rates reduce the targets of criminal activities, which in turn reduces property crime. On the other hand, by controlling for the effect of unemployment rate, we found a significantly negative causation from hospitality employment to property crime, suggesting that the decrease in property crime is due to hospitality employment that increases the opportunity cost of property crime.
Challenge or chance? Understanding the impact of anti-corruption campaign on China’s hotel industry
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Caiping , Xu Honggang
Published: March 2021

Anti-corruption has garnered increasing attention, especially in China, where President Xi launched an influential and far-reaching anti-corruption campaign in late 2012. A better understanding of the effects of anti-corruption efforts on the hotel sector can reveal insights into the development of the Chinese hotel industry. Based on the quarterly data on China’s hotel industry in 49 cities from quarter 2 of 2010 to quarter 4 of 2015, this study investigates how the anti-corruption campaign (measured by anti-corruption inspections and the number of corruption lawsuits) has influenced hotel industry demand in China. Hypotheses are developed from China’s unique cultural environment of guanxi combined with rent-seeking theory and the crowding-out principle. Empirical results confirm a significant and negative effect of the anti-corruption campaign on hotel lodging and food and beverage demand. Several factors, including a city’s administrative position as a provincial capital, hotel class, level of tourism dependence, and local residents’ entertainment expenditure, are found to moderate the effect of the anti-corruption campaign on hotels’ lodging demand significantly. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in light of these findings.
A comparative study of machine learning techniques for suicide attempts predictive model
Authors: Nordin Noratikah , Zainol Zurinahni , Mohd Noor Mohd Halim , Lai Fong Chan
Published: March 2021

Current suicide risk assessments for predicting suicide attempts are time consuming, of low predictive value and have inadequate reliability. This paper aims to develop a predictive model for suicide attempts among patients with depression using machine learning algorithms as well as presents a comparative study on single predictive models with ensemble predictive models for differentiating depressed patients with suicide attempts from non-suicide attempters. We applied and trained eight different machine learning algorithms using a dataset that consists of 75 patients diagnosed with a depressive disorder. A recursive feature elimination was used to reduce the features via three-fold cross validation. An ensemble predictive models outperformed the single predictive models. Voting and bagging revealed the highest accuracy of 92% compared to other machine learning algorithms. Our findings indicate that history of suicide attempt, religion, race, suicide ideation and severity of clinical depression are useful factors for prediction of suicide attempts.
How Moral Value Commitments Shape Responses to Political Civility and Incivility
Authors: Walter Annemarie , Lipsitz Keena
Published: March 2021

Citizen exposure to political incivility is increasing. Studies have found heterogeneous responses to incivility, but we know little about what drives this variation. This study investigates whether emotional responses to both civility and incivility are driven by moral value commitments. Drawing on Moral Foundations Theory, we argue that incivility should pose more of a threat to people who embrace an individualizing system of moral regulation than a binding system. To test this, we conduct a 3 × 3 between-subjects survey-embedded vignette experiment with a representative sample of 1,789 U.S. respondents. The vignettes describe interactions between two candidates in a debate. The findings show that respondents clearly distinguish between civil, neutral, and uncivil debate and that these conditions yield distinct emotional responses. Moreover, we show “individualizers” have a stronger emotional response to incivility than “binders.” Responses to civility, however, appear to be unaffected by moral value commitments.
Hidden Gems: Using Collections in Museums to Discover the Motivations of Collectors
Authors: Freedman Jan
Published: March 2021

Motivations and drives for collecting have varied through time. From amassing as many examples of different species or artefacts in the sixteenth century to highlighting the importance and strength of the British Empire in the eighteenth century. General trends are seen across historic collections in museums. In an attempt to understand the motivations behind individual collectors, this paper reviews the lives of four mineral collectors from the collections in The Box, Plymouth: Sir John St. Aubyn (175801839), Colonel Sir William Serjeant (1857–1930), René Gallant (1906–1985), and Richard Barstow (1947–1986). Combined they acquired over 4,000 minerals, mostly from the South West of the British Isles. Through examining their lives and collections we may gain insight into their motivations, presenting an opportunity to exhibit new narrative and story-telling alongside the specimens, and in doing so, enriching the visitor experience.
Humanistic Constructs: Creating Agency in a Natural History Museum
Authors: Finkle Patti Wood , Innella Maiers Valerie
Published: March 2021

It is every museum’s goal to make a difference in their visitors, whether to make them aware of a situation such as climate change, educate about a time period, or inspire visitors to think, to feel, and to observe the world around them. The Werner Wildlife Museum strives to provide visitors these opportunities for personal growth through humanities programming.
“I’m Not Afraid of Dying Because I’ve Got Nothing to Lose”: Young Men in South Africa Talk About Nonfatal Suicidal Behavior
Authors: Bantjes Jason , Mapaling Curwyn
Published: March 2021

First-person narratives of suicidal behavior may provide novel insights into how individuals with lived experience of suicide understand and narrate their behavior. Our aim was to explore the narratives of young men hospitalized following nonfatal suicidal behavior (NFSB), in order to understand how young suicidal men construct and understand their actions. Data were collected via narrative interviews with 14 men (aged 18–34 years) admitted to hospital following an act of NFSB in Cape Town, South Africa. Narrative analysis was used to analyze the data. Two dominant narratives emerged in which participants drew on tropes of the “great escape” and “heroic resistance,” performing elements of hegemonic masculinity in the way they narrated their experiences. Participants position themselves as rational heroic agents and present their suicidal behavior as goal-directed action to solve problems, assert control, and enact resistance. This dominant narrative is incongruent with the mainstream biomedical account of suicide as a symptom of psychopathology. The young men also articulated two counter-narratives, in which they deny responsibility for their actions and position themselves as defeated, overpowered, wary, and unheroic. The findings lend support to the idea that there is not only one narrative of young men’s suicide, and that competing and contradictory narratives can be found even within a dominant hyper-masculine account of suicidal behavior. Gender-sensitive suicide prevention strategies should not assume that all men share a common understanding of suicide. Suicide can be enacted as both a performance of masculinity and as a resistance to hegemonic gender roles.
The Woven EndoBridge for unruptured intracranial aneurysms: Results in 95 aneurysms from a single center
Authors: De Beule Tom , Boulanger Thierry , Heye Sam , van Rooij Williem J , van Zwam Wim , Stockx Luc
Published: March 2021

Background and purpose

The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) is an intrasaccular flowdisruptor that is increasingly used for the treatment of (wide-necked) aneurysms. We present our experience with the WEB for unruptured aneurysms.

Materials and methods

Between April 2014 and August 2019, 93 patients with 95 unruptured aneurysms were primarily treated with the WEB. There were 69 women and 24 men, mean age 61 years (median 58, range 37–80).

Results

Of 95 aneurysms, 86 had been discovered incidentally, 3 were symptomatic and 6 were additional to another ruptured aneurysm. Location was anterior communicating artery 33, middle cerebral artery 29, basilar tip 19, carotid tip 8, posterior communicating artery 4, posterior inferior cerebellar artery 1, superior cerebellar artery 1. Mean aneurysm size was 6 mm (median 6, range 3–13 mm). In one aneurysm additional coils were used and in another, a stent was placed. There was one procedural rupture without clinical sequelae. There were two thrombo-embolic complications leading to permanent deficit in one patient (mRS 2). Morbidity rate was 1.0% (1 of 93, 95%CI 0.01–6.5%) and mortality was 0% (0 of 93, 95%CI 0.0–4.8%). Angiographic follow-up at six months was available in 85 patients with 87 aneurysms (91%). Of 87 aneurysms, 68 (78%) were completely occluded, 14 (16%) had a neck remnant and 5 were incompletely occluded. Four aneurysms were retreated. Retreatment rate was 4.5% (4 of 87, 95%CI 1.7–13.6%).

Conclusion

WEB treatment of unruptured aneurysms is safe and effective. Additional devices are needed only rarely and retreatment at follow-up is infrequent.
The effect of patient safety culture on nurses’ near-miss reporting intention: the moderating role of perceived severity of near misses
Authors: Yang Yi , Liu Huaping
Published: March 2021

Background

Reporting near misses is a practical approach to improve the confounding challenge of patient safety. Evidence suggests that patient safety culture and the characteristics of errors might have important impacts on reporting. No studies, however, have examined the relationships among patient safety culture, perceived severity of near misses and near-miss reporting.

Aims

To explore the relationship between patient safety culture and nurses’ near-miss reporting intention, and examine the potential moderating effect the perceived severity of near misses might have on this relationship.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional survey, data were collected with three validated survey instruments completed by 920 Registered Nurses in eight tertiary hospitals in China. Multiple regression analysis tested relationships among the variables.

Results

Nurses reported a moderate–high level of near-miss reporting intention. Patient safety culture was positively associated with nurses’ near-miss reporting intention. Perceived severity of near misses did not significantly moderate the relationship between patient safety culture and reporting intention.

Conclusions

Nurses generally showed a positive willingness to report near misses. A specific near-miss management and education system within a learning, supportive working environment are key components to improve reporting intention among nurses which could significantly improve patient safety.
Perioperative management of elderly patients with osteoarthritis requiring total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lim Jiang An , Thahir Azeem
Published: March 2021

Knee osteoarthritis is a common arthritic disease which mainly affects the elderly (≥65 years old) population. As a result of the cartilage degeneration, it can cause a significant amount of pain and functional limitation. In patients who are refractory to conservative management, total knee arthroplasty is being utilised as the last resort in management. In this review, we discuss the perioperative management of elderly patients with osteoarthritis requiring total knee arthroplasty.
Burden of major gastrointestinal bleeding among oral anticoagulant-treated non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients
Authors: Deitelzweig Steven , Keshishian Allison , Kang Amiee , Dhamane Amol D. , Luo Xuemei , Balachander Neeraja , Rosenblatt Lisa , Mardekian Jack , Jiang Jenny , Yuce Huseyin , Lip Gregory Y. H.
Published: March 2021

Background:

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is the most common type of major bleeding associated with oral anticoagulant (OAC) treatment. Patients with major bleeding are at an increased risk of a stroke if an OAC is not reinitiated.

Methods:

Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients initiating OACs were identified from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ( CMS) Medicare data and four US commercial claims databases. Patients who had a major GI bleeding event (hospitalization with primary diagnosis of GI bleeding) while on an OAC were selected. A control cohort of patients without a major GI bleed during OAC treatment was matched to major GI bleeding patients using propensity scores. Stroke/systemic embolism (SE), major bleeding, and mortality (in the CMS population) were examined using Cox proportional hazards models with robust sandwich estimates.

Results:

A total of 15,888 patients with major GI bleeding and 833,052 patients without major GI bleeding were included in the study. Within 90 days of the major GI bleed, 58% of patients discontinued the initial OAC treatment. Patients with a major GI bleed had a higher risk of stroke/SE [hazard ratio (HR): 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.42–1.74], major bleeding (HR: 2.79, 95% CI: 2.64–2.95), and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.23–1.36) than patients without a major GI bleed.

Conclusion:

Patients with a major GI bleed on OAC had a high rate of OAC discontinuation and significantly higher risk of stroke/SE, major bleeding, and mortality after hospital discharge than those without. Effective management strategies are needed for patients with risk factors for major GI bleeding.
Adaptation and Extension of a Human Charisma Scale to Measure Non-luxury Product Brand Charisma
Authors: Workman Jane E. , Lee Seung-Hee
Published: March 2021

This article contains the results of two studies that were designed to propose a working definition of non-luxury product brand charisma and to examine a non-luxury product brand charisma scale that had been adapted from a generic human charisma scale within the contextual framework of consumer–brand relationships incorporating the variables of gender, brand category (mass market vs. masstige), and related brand variables (brand engagement, brand love, and brand prestige). The non-luxury product brand charisma data were factor analyzed revealing four factors accounting for 71.9% of the total variance: Symbolic, Psychological, Experiential, and Functional. Findings from Studies 1 and 2 were similar: (a) ratings of non-luxury product brand charisma factors (symbolic and psychological) differentiated between masstige and mass market brands; (b) there were no gender differences in ratings of non-luxury product brand charisma for a favorite brand; and (c) non-luxury product brand charisma was significantly correlated with related brand variables.
Emergency Physicians’ Workstation Design: An Observational Study of Interruptions and Perception of Collaboration During Shift-End Handoffs
Authors: Joshi Rutali , Joseph Anjali , Ossmann Michelle , Taaffe Kevin , Pirrallo Ronald , Allison David , Perino Larissa Coldebella
Published: March 2021

Background:

Frequent external interruptions and lack of collaboration among team members are known to be common barriers in end-of-shift handoffs between physicians in the emergency department. In spite of being the primary location for this crucial and cognitively demanding task, workstations are not designed to limit barriers and support handoffs.

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to examine handoff characteristics, actual and perceived interruptions, and perceived collaboration among emergency physicians performing end-of-shift handoffs in physician workstations with varying levels of enclosures—(a) open-plan workstation, (b) enclosed workstation, and (c) semi-open workstation.

Method:

Handoff and interruption characteristics were captured through in-person observations of 60 handoffs using an iPad-based tool. Additionally, physicians participating in the handoffs responded to a survey pertaining to their perception of interruptions and collaboration with clinicians during each phase. Other organizational and demographic data were obtained from the hospital database, surveys, and observations.

Results:

Physicians working in the open workstation experienced a significantly higher number of interruptions/hour (18.08 int/hr) as compared to the semi-open (13.62 int/hr) and enclosed workstations (11.41 int/hr). Most physicians perceived that they were interrupted in the semi-open and open workstations. In addition, majority of physicians in the enclosed pod perceived high collaboration with clinicians involved in and present in the workstation during handoff.

Conclusion:

This correlational study showed positive outcomes experienced by physician working in the enclosed workstation as compared to the open and semi-open workstations.
An untimely geographer: Friedrich Engels, ideas and geography in Oxford
Authors: Jellis Thomas , Gerlach Joe
Published: March 2021

Friedrich Engels is something of a minor figure in geography. In this commentary, we trace Engels’ association with Oxford Geography as a point of departure for examining the major and minor registers of an Engellian geography.