bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crafting the Hollywood smile: The art and science behind the perfect smile
Authors: Wadhawan Richa , Parambil Anshif Thavalam , Saikia Sumanta , Singh Shruti , Mehta Srishti , Patel Dharika , Sailendran Sanu
Published: August 2024

The term "Hollywood smile" refers to a dental aesthetic characterized by impeccably white, straight, and perfectly aligned teeth, often associated with the glamorous appearance of celebrities. Besides its cosmetic appeal, this type of smile embodies confidence, youthfulness, and beauty, emerging as a globally sought-after standard for dental aesthetics. Achieving the Hollywood smile typically involves cosmetic dental procedures such as teeth whitening, veneers, dental bonding, and orthodontic treatments aimed at creating a symmetrical and radiant smile. This review article delves into the methods, technological advancements, and artistic principles employed to craft captivating smiles seen on magazine covers and in movies. Furthermore, it may explore the psychological and cultural dimensions of smile aesthetics, examining why the pursuit of the perfect smile holds such significance in our society. Essentially, it serves as a comprehensive guide for those interested in the intersection of dentistry, aesthetics, and the influence of popular culture.
Comparative evaluation of remineralizing potential of cranberry extract toothpaste with commercially available remineralization toothpaste on demineralized enamel: An in-vitro study
Authors: Sachdev Sanpreet Singh , Agrawal Arushi , Padawe Dimple , Takate Vilas , Wankhade Ajinkya
Published: August 2024

Caries is not merely a unidirectional process of demineralization but is instead a balance in the dynamic of intermittent periods of demineralization and remineralization. In the pursuit of effective preventive strategies against enamel demineralization, continuous research has focused on developing novel toothpaste formulations to enhance remineralization and mitigate enamel loss The present research aims to shed light on the relative efficacy of Cranberry extract toothpaste in preventing enamel demineralization as compared to the commercial Enafix Toothpaste formulation.

Twenty demineralized enamel blocks were systematically divided into two distinct experimental groups, with each group comprising ten enamel samples. Group 1 was assigned to receive treatment with Cranberry extract toothpaste, while Group 2 underwent treatment with the commercially available Enafix Toothpaste (Group Pharmaceuticals Ltd., India). The toothpaste application involved a meticulous brushing regimen, administered twice daily at 12-hour intervals, with each brushing session lasting for one minute. The Vicker's microhardness values were assessed at three distinct time points: baseline, after demineralization, and after remineralization

The statistical analysis indicated no significant variation in microhardness from baseline to post-demineralization and post-remineralization. Post hoc tests revealed that the significant difference was primarily attributed to a notable decrease in microhardness values from time 2 (after demineralization) to time 3 (after remineralization) in Group 2 (p = 0.014). There was a statistically non-significant difference seen for the values between the groups (p>0.05) for all three intervals, indicating a similar remineralization potential for both interventions

The non-significant intra-group changes observed with Cranberry extract toothpaste suggest stability in enamel microhardness, positioning it as a promising candidate for preventive oral care. Contrastingly, the significant decrease in microhardness observed with Enafix Toothpaste prompts further investigation into its efficacy in countering demineralization events
Immediate implant placement using socket shield technique followed by delayed implant loading in maxillary canine and premolar region: Two case reports with a follow-up period of 4 years
Authors: Potdukhe Shruti
Published: August 2024

Tooth extraction leads to continuous bone resorption causing the collapsed bone wall. To prevent bone loss and buccal wall collapse in the esthetic areas the socket shield technique was developed.

Two cases of delayed implant loading of immediately placed implant with socket shield technique in the maxillary anterior and premolar region with a follow-up period of four years are described.

After a follow-up period of four years, both cases depicted higher survival and success rates, better patient satisfaction, and higher implant stability.

Implant-fixed prosthetic rehabilitation of the non-restorable tooth using the socket shield technique can be one of the conservative, successful and durable treatment outcome for esthetic as well as non-esthetic zones.
Characterizing the Afro-Brazilian Digital Inclusion Gap and Assessing Investment Opportunities
Authors: Irazábal Briceño Irene , Serrano Jimena , Santana Synthia Kariny Silva de
Published: August 2024

This study assesses the extent of digital inclusion among Afro-Brazilian populations and businesses, and the market opportunity that improved digital inclusion represents. It aims to understand how investments in digital infrastructure, business transformation, and skills can effectively reduce the digital divide and empower Afro-Brazilians, thereby contributing to broader socio-economic development. To do so, the study examines the current status of digital inclusion among Afro-Brazilian individuals and businesses, the current state of the telecommunications infrastructure, and the state of digital literacy and labor market requirements for digital skills.
Monitoria de Anatomia Humana no curso de Medicina: relato de experiência
Authors: Pereira Junqueira de Oliveira Maria Alice , Oliveira de Souza Akson Isaac , Martins Lage Júlia , Andrade Moraes Carlos Humberto
Published: August 2024

A Anatomia Humana é uma disciplina presente na grade curricular do curso de Medicina das universidades brasileiras, possuindo o estigma de ser desafiadora e, portanto, necessita de métodos de ensino-aprendizagem eficazes e claros. Assim, os programas de monitoria se tornam uma ferramenta importante na garantia de uma boa formação acadêmica tanto para os alunos-monitores quanto para os alunos-monitorados. O presente trabalho visa relatar a experiência de monitores no ensino da disciplina em questão em uma universidade pública no interior do estado do Rio de Janeiro no ano de 2022. Durante o período mencionado, a atuação dos alunos-monitores foi voltada para participação ativa em aulas práticas, disponibilização de monitorias semanais para retirada de dúvidas e aprofundamento do conteúdo estudado, bem como a elaboração de simulados práticos nas semanas que antecederam as provas e o oferecimento de estudos dirigidos. Ao final de cada período letivo, os alunos-monitorados avaliaram as atividades desenvolvidas pelos monitores por meio de um formulário eletrônico anônimo (Google Forms). O resultado mostra que as atividades propostas pelos monitores, como aplicações clínicas do conteúdo e a participação ativa dos discentes, repercutiram positivamente no engajamento acadêmico dos alunos-monitorados. Para os monitores, a experiência adquirida durante o processo trouxe contribuições ímpares para o desenvolvimento de habilidades interpessoais, como a comunicação mais efetiva e clara para transmitir os conteúdos de anatomia aos alunos-monitorados, além da revisão e consolidação de temáticas previamente abordadas na graduação e estabelecimento de relações sociais com discentes de outros períodos letivos, impulsionando, assim, o desejo pela carreira docente.
 
Palavras-chave: Anatomia; Ensino; Faculdades de Medicina.
Psychological Well-Being among Generation Z employees: A Literature Review
Authors: Dudija Nidya , Apriliansyah Muhammad Dzaky
Published: August 2024

Currently, human resource management not only plays a role in recruiting and developing employees but also needs to pay attention to the condition of these employees. Mental health is one of the issues that HRM needs to pay attention to. Employees who have mental health problems can affect a company's performance. Generation Z will be one of the generations that dominates the workforce in the next few years, this generation is also more sensitive to their mental health conditions. Psychological well-being is one of the benchmarks in dealing with the mental problems of employees in an organization/company. Employees who have good psychological well-being values will be stronger about their mental health problems. Therefore, companies need to pay more attention to the mental health conditions of their employees through psychological well-being by providing various kinds of forums for employees to deal with their mental problems.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of post-COVID long-term lung changes and relation to prolonged COVID symptoms: a prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Tan Tabakoğlu Nilgün , Hancı Yılmaztürk Pervin , Yılmam İlker , Süt Necdet , Hatipoğlu Osman Nuri
Published: August 2024

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate lung findings using lung ultrasonography (USG) in patients with PCR-positive COVID-19 pneumonia treated in the ward or intensive care unit and to explore the relationship with prolonged COVID-19 symptoms.
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the University Medical Faculty Hospital outpatient clinic from December 2022 to April 2023. It involved 54 adult patients with PCR-positive COVID-19 pneumonia, treated and discharged from the ward or intensive care unit (ICU). Clinical and demographic data, lung ultrasonography results, and prolonged COVID-19 symptoms were recorded.
Results: Among the 54 patients, the ICU group had a mean age of 52.84 ± 12.30 years, while the ward group had a mean age of 58.80 ± 11.36 years (P=0.085). Shortness of breath was the most common prolonged symptom in both groups. The ICU group had significantly more right lung B lines than the ward group (P=0.002). Myalgia was more frequent in the ward group (P=0.024). No significant differences were observed in other variables (P>0.05). Prolonged COVID-19 symptoms were interrelated (P<0.05), and the total number of B lines was significantly associated with dyspnea (P=0.023).
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that lung USG is a valuable tool in the assessment of lung injury after COVID-19 and in the management of long-term COVID-19 symptoms. B lines detected by lung USG are significantly associated with the long-term COVID symptom of shortness of breath, and the number of B lines may be an important biomarker in the management of shortness of breath.
Memorias de los Ashaninka del río Ene durante la guerra interna peruana
Authors: Balaguer Alejandro
Published: August 2024

En 1990, yo era un joven fotoperiodista, corresponsal de prensa extranjera en el Perú. Luego de haber recorrido varias zonas de guerra en Ayacucho, había decidido aventurarme en el remoto valle del río Ene, donde se estaba desenvolviendo un gran drama. Ante el avance del ejército, y la retirada de los senderistas monte adentro, cientos de Ashaninka estaban siendo liberados y llegaban como refugiados a la comunidad Ashaninka de Cutivireni luego de haber sido secuestrados y cautivados por las columnas armadas de senderistas. Son miles de fotografías y recuerdos de aquellos días terribles en la comunidad que quiero compartir. Memorias de seres humanos atrincherados para sobrevivir; sin alimentos, refugiados, desabastecidos contra las enfermedades, rodeados por el cólera, disparos de fusiles, minas asesinas, miedos y sonrisas compartidas y la muerte siempre presente. Imágenes recurrentes que vuelven a mí sin cesar, se mantienen vívidas a través de los años, en la memoria y en el papel fotográfico, y que ahora intento despertarlas del olvido.
In ovo Vaccination in Ducks against Duck Virus Enteritis
Authors: Sarmah R.S. , Subudhi P.K. , Dutta T.K. , Roychoudhury P. , Gali J.M. , Singh Y.D.
Published: August 2024

Background: One of the major diseases affecting ducks is Duck Virus Enteritis causing heavy mortality and high economic losses in duck farming. Methods: In this study, in ovo vaccination technology was adopted using a Duck Embryo Fibroblast passaged Duck Virus Enteritis vaccine virus. This would be the first reported use of in ovo vaccination in ducks against a viral disease. Virus Neutralisation Test was used to measure the immune response after standardisation of the technique using hyperimmunised Barred Plymouth Rock rooster. An optimised dose of the Duck Virus Enteritis vaccine virus was computed using Embryo Lethal Dose50 assessment of hatchability. In ovo vaccination was done in 2 groups of 40 embryos each, one group acting as negative control and the other group as virus treatment group. A booster dose was given to the treatment group on 14th day post hatch. Result: Virus Neutralisation test using a beta method was carried out to measure the immune response. The treatment group showed an immune response of 3.33±0.21 Log2 Antibody titre. This opens up a plethora of options of application of in ovo vaccination in ducks against viral diseases which would be a boon to the duck farming industry.
Laser-acoustic welding of specimens of steel 12cr18n9t
Authors: Gorunov Andrey I.
Published: August 2024

Subject of research: ultrasonic vibrations in the processes of laser welding and surfacing.
Purpose of research: the use of ultrasonic vibrations in the processes of laser welding and surfacing.
Object of research: the structure and properties of welded joints as a result of the effects of ultrasound on a metal melt.
Methods of research: optical and electron microscopy, local elemental analysis, X-ray tomography, and a series of tensile tests were used to study the influence of vibrations on the corresponding processes
Main results of research: the possibilities of using ultrasonic vibrations in the processes of laser welding and surfacing are shown. It is shown that ultrasonic vibrations can be used in two ways: ultrasonic operational processing during welding and surfacing and post-processing of the finished weld and deposited metal. Ultrasonic action leads to a decrease in the thickness of the weld and an increase in the depth of penetration and, leads to an increase in the tensile strength of the deposited material up to 1.3 times. It is shown that the effect is due to the formation of oriented thin–lamellar structures on the surface of the samples.
Analysis of the insulated self-supporting conductor obstacle
Authors: Bubenchikov Anton A. , Bubenchikova Tatyana V.
Published: August 2024

Subject of research: In this paper, the analysis of the heterogeneity of current-conducting wires is carried out.
Purpose of research: consideration of the need to take into account the design of a self-supporting insulated wire, namely the method of setting current-conducting cores in the form of a single core or a family of wires.
Methods and objects of research: simulation of thermal processes occurring in a self-supporting insulated wire in the form of a single core and a wire family is carried out with the help of the software package ELCUT. When set in the form of a wire family, the modes of asymmetric load of the wire are also considered.
Main results of research: analysis of cross-section temperature distribution, insulation and consideration of the heating of the outer wires showed that the influence of the adjacent phases is negligible. It is found that taking into account the real constructive state of the conductor has little influence on the temperature distribution along the cross section of the wire at a frequency of 50 Hz.
To the question of attracting a lawyer to criminal resposibility for failure to report a crime
Authors: Sinichkin Andrey A.
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of criminal prosecution for failure to report a crime.
Subject of research: legal conflict between the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Federal Law “On advocacy and the legal profession in the Russian Federation” dated May 31, 2002 No. 63-FZ in terms of the legal regulation of attorney-client privilege and its limitations.
Purpose of research: a comprehensive study of the problem raised and development of recommendations for the legislator to improve the current criminal legislation.
Methods of research: during the study, logical, historical and comparative legal research methods were used.
Main results of research: as a result of the study, several proposals were formulated for criminal legislation.
International experience of convicts applying to court for protection of their rights (regulatory regulation and the reasons for such appeals)
Authors: Elchaninov Andrey P. , Strogovich Yuri N.
Published: August 2024

Subject of research: international experience of appeals of convicted persons and persons in custody for the protection of their rights to the judicial authorities of the states of which they were citizens (subjects).
Purpose of research: to identify the main reasons for the appeals of persons in custody, as well as those serving sentences in the form of imprisonment in foreign countries, to the judicial authorities of the host countries for the protection of their rights. To use the obtained results as a comparison for the subsequent study of the reasons and grounds for the appeals of convicts serving criminal sentences in institutions of the penal enforcement system of the Russian Federation to the courts of general jurisdiction for the protection of their rights.
Methods and objects of research: dialectical, systematic, logical and other methods of scientific cognition act as the methodological basis of the research.
Main results of research: the analysis of international experience in the field of activities of institutions and bodies executing criminal penalties in foreign countries allowed us to identify certain reasons for appeals to the courts of convicts in places of deprivation of liberty in foreign countries. The study made it possible to reduce most of the reasons for the appeals of convicts to court into several groups that will be universal for almost any country.
Assessment Of Arabic Writing Skills In Differentiated Learning Based On Project-Based Learning
Authors: Salsabila Novita Maula , Baroroh R Umi
Published: August 2024

Each learner is unique and has a diverse background and abilities. Every learner has the right to receive learning according to their way of learning. Differentiated learning is one of the solutions to fulfill this diversity. The process of differentiating a series of learning processes, including assessment, is carried out to answer each learner's learning needs, styles, or interests. This research aims to create an assessment innovation in differentiated learning based on project-based learning, especially in writing skills. The method used in this research is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach. The result of this study is that the assessment of writing skills in project-based learning differentiated learning can be done through product or project assessment that is adjusted to students' readiness and ability.
Optimizing Arabic Oral Skills Instruction: Exploring Learner Demographics And Preferred Teaching Methods
Authors: Che Mat Azman Bin , Nokman Ahmad Zulfadhli , Ramli Nazratul Aini , Musilehat Nor Shaifura , Abu Bakar Ahmad Fakrulazizi
Published: August 2024

This study aims to identify teaching methods and student demographic differences that may contribute to students' achievement in mastering Arabic oral proficiency. The study used two qualitative approaches based on interviews with students involved in teaching Arabic using structured questions. Respondents were selected according to their achievement level based on an evaluation by lecturers who taught them. The quantitative approach is also cross-sectional, using questionnaires to collect data. The sample consisted of first-degree students in UiTM who are taking the subject of Arabic as a third language. A total of 257 students responded to the survey. The findings show that specific teaching methods contribute to Arabithec language students' oral proficiency, while demographic factors also provide significant results. Gender and education experience also have a substantial effect on students learning Arabic. This study suggests that varied teaching methods were applied to teach Arabic as a third language, particularly in UiTM. In teaching and learning languages, especially Arabic as a third language, various teaching methods are used to ensure that students master the required language skills, such as oral skills. Teaching methods should consider demographic factors that contribute to students' oral skills.
Unravelling Qur'anic Arabic Puns Through AI English Translation And The Art Of Human Post-Editing
Authors: Albalawi Abdulrahman Fahad , Abdul Ghafour Abdul Qader Khaleel
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the intricate realm of puns, a linguistic feature characterized by its multifaceted meanings and significant role in enriching religious texts. Puns present a unique challenge in translation, especially within the context of the Holy Qur'an. To examine these challenges, this study employed Newmark's approach, selecting ten purposive puns from the Holy Qur'an for analysis. AI first translated each selected pun and then subjected to two rounds of editing by professional translators to enhance linguistic precision and stylistic elegance. A qualitative analysis was conducted to assess the extent to which the AI-generated and post-editing translations captured the intended meanings of the puns. The findings reveal that while AI translations provide a competent foundational interpretation of the text, they often need more depth to fully encapsulate the puns' dual or layered meanings. Human post-editing significantly refines these translations, enhancing linguistic accuracy and embracing the puns' aesthetic and theological richness. However, the accuracy in conveying the puns' intended meanings varied, with not all post-edited translations fully capturing the intricate balance of literal and metaphorical interpretations. The study underscores the vital synergy between AI and human expertise in achieving translations that balance accuracy with aesthetic appeal.
Raising And Verb Serialization In English And Arabic: A Generative Transformational Approach
Authors: Amin Gehad M
Published: August 2024

This article helps bridge the gap left unfilled in the analysis of serialization in classical Arabic of the pre-Islamic period and what follows it on the one hand and between English and classical Arabic on the other. This article's premise is that serialization can be hypotactic or paratactic, where the clausal structure in both types differs. Under the theoretical concept of Raising, adapted from the generative transformational model, this feature is treated in a comparative/ contrastive fashion in both English and Arabic to determine the points of convergence and divergence and how the referential and referential interpretation is conducted by applying the  PRO element. Theoretical analysis is maintained by traditional examples from Qur'anic texts and other devised examples that serve the purposes of relevant analysis.
Breastfeeding When the Mother and the Baby Are Hospitalized Together or Separately
Authors: García González Diana , Martinez Peña Maria , Acosta Altamirano Gustavo , Santiago González Nicolás
Published: August 2024

Objective:At the Regional High Specialty Hospital of Ixtapaluca, a lactation unit was implemented to promote breast milk feeding. This report aimed to describe the experience of breastfeeding in scenarios where the mother and the baby were hospitalized together or separately. This is a clinical practice article that describes situations where direct infant feeding was not an option. Lactation nursing staff provided educational support to mothers for breast milk expression with therapeutic self-care measures to promote exclusive breastfeeding.

Scenarios:Supplementation of breast milk was carried out in four scenarios: (a) mother and baby hospitalized together, (b) hospitalized separately, (c) the mother at home and the infant hospitalized, and (d) the mother hospitalized and the infant at home.

Conclusion:The lactation unit of a non-obstetric hospital contributed to the promotion and training of exclusive breastfeeding techniques in situations where the mother or the baby was hospitalized.
Further Examining Positive Affect in Relation to Worry: A Synergistic Effect Between Positive Affect Expressivity and Proneness to Positive Affect
Authors: Fergus Thomas A. , Tyra Alexandra T. , Ginty Annie T.
Published: August 2024

There is emerging interest in understanding positive affect dysfunction in relation to anxiety, including worry. This set of two studies examined the association between the inhibition of affect expression (general affect expressivity in Study 1, positive affect expressivity in Study 2) and worry, with a particular interest in the moderating role of proneness to experience positive affect. Subjects were US-residing adults (Study 1N= 502, Study 2N= 250) who were recruited through a crowdsourcing website and completed self-report measures of study variables. Moderated regression was used to examine study predictions that affect expression would negatively correlate with worry when coupled with diminished positive affect. Proneness toward negative affect was included as a covariate within multivariate analyses. An interactive effect between affect expressivity and positive affect was supported in Study 2 (positive affect expressivity) but not Study 1 (general affect expressivity) in relation to worry. A diminished tendency to express positive affect was associated with greater worry when coupled with less positive affect. Study results and future directions are discussed in terms of the potential emotion-regulatory functions of positive affect expressivity as it relates to worry.
Prophetic Medicine in the Context of Middle Eastern Culture: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Almutairi Khulud , De Santis Joseph
Published: August 2024

Background:Prophetic Medicine, integral to healthcare in Muslim-majority regions, particularly the Middle East and North Africa, is often underexplored in existing literature.Purpose:This concept analysis sought to explore the concept of Prophetic Medicine by delineating its attributes, antecedents, and consequences in order to augment healthcare providers’ comprehension of Prophetic Medicine. It also seeks to enhance interdisciplinary dialogue, thereby enriching the integration of traditional healing modalities in modern medical practices.Methods:Walker and Avant’s method was used to conduct the concept analysis by reviewing published literature on the concept.Results:The analysis identified the core attributes of Prophetic Medicine, such as Black Seeds, Dates, Miswak, Wet cupping, and Zamzam water, and explored cultural, spiritual, and practical underpinnings of these practices. Antecedents such as cultural background, spiritual beliefs, basic knowledge, lower cost, perceived safety, efficacy, simple techniques, and dissatisfaction with allopathic therapy were identified. The consequences of these practices include the multifaceted impact of Prophetic Medicine, highlighting the relationship between these traditional practices and health outcomes.Implications for Practice:This concept analysis underscores the significance of recognizing these aspects of Prophetic Medicine for healthcare providers to effectively integrate Prophetic Medicine into practice, aiming for favorable patient outcomes and fostering a more inclusive, culturally sensitive healthcare environment.
Financial Management, Debt and Loans
Authors: CLARISSA
Published: August 2024

The Child Labour: Action-Research-Innovation in South and South-Eastern Asia (CLARISSA) programme uses Action Research (AR) to understand the dynamics which drive the worst forms of child labour (WFCL), and to generate participatory innovations which help to shift these underlying dynamics and mitigate their worst effects. Through 13 Action Research Groups (ARGs) in Bangladesh and 12 groups in Nepal, the programme is generating a rich understanding – particularly through children’s lived experiences – of the complex underlying drivers of harmful work and working children and their employers are themselves defining, piloting and evaluating their own innovative actions that aim to increase children’s options to avoid WFCL. This group worked on the theme 'Financial management, debt and loans'.
REVISITAR O CONGRESSO DE MILÃO (1880) E COLOCAR (DEZ/DES) VERDADES EM SUSPENSO
Authors: Rodrigues José Raimundo , Vieira Machado Lucyenne Matos da Costa , Barbosa Olmo Katiuscia Gomes
Published: August 2024

Inquestionavelmente, a história da educação de surdos foi marcada pelo Congresso Internacional para o Melhoramento  da Condição dos Surdos-mudos, ocorrido em Milão (1880), doravante Congresso de Milão, ou mesmo Milão. Para Foucault  (2015), é a partir do a priori histórico que a arqueologia se desenha. Por isso propomos aqui um recuo histórico, a fim de  encontrar vestígios e fragmentos, marcas, indícios de práticas que são produzidas a partir de narrativas cristalizadas sobre  este evento italiano. Para tanto, faz-se necessário olhar para esses discursos, verdades e sentidos produzidos por um ângulo  bem diferente daquele que se apresenta imponente. Tendo como metodologia a análise de fontes documentais sobre o  evento, o entendemos como um acontecimento bem como um documento-monumento como nos aponta Foucault (2015). Para questionar o que vem sendo propalado sobre este congresso histórico sem o cuidado com a leitura e estudo das fontes  primárias, nos ativemos particularmente, às atas oficiais editadas por Pasquale Fornari (1880) bem como os relatórios de Ernest La Rochelle (1880) e Adolphe Franck (1880). Também buscamos estudar o relatório de Edmund Treibel (1880) e  o de Arthur Kinsey (1880). Entendemos estes documentos como monumentos e pretendemos servir-nos dos conceitos ferramentas foucaultianos, a saber: arquivo, a priori histórico e verdades.
Effects of early life exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on jejunal morphology, sucrase activity, and colonic microbiota composition in young pigs
Authors: Monaco Marcia H. , Coyne Sierra , Wang Mei , Flaws Jodi A. , Irudayaraj Joseph M. , Cann Isaac , Donovan Sharon M.
Published: August 2024

The diesters of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (phthalic acid), or phthalates, are multifunctional chemicals used in personal care products, medications, and plastics. Phthalate metabolites are also found in human milk and infant formula. However, their impact on intestinal development and microbiota composition in early life is understudied. Herein, the effect of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on growth, intestinal morphology, enzyme activity, and microbiota composition was assessed. Piglets (two-day-old, n = 24) were randomized to receive either 20 mg (DEHP20) or 200 mg (DEHP200)/kg body weight (BW)/day in corn oil. A control group (CON, 0 mg phthalate) received the same volume of corn oil as DEHP200. After 21 days, tissue and urine samples were collected. DEHP did not affect weight gain. Urinary DEHP metabolite concentrations increased in a dose-dependent fashion. Jejunal villus length was significantly shorter in the DEHP200 than CON and DEHP20, while villus area was smaller in DEHP200 than DEHP20 but not CON. Crypt depth and area were higher in DEHP200 than DEHP20, but neither differed from CON. Additionally, jejunal sucrase activity was higher in the DEHP200 than CON. Bacterial alpha diversity differed significantly between DEHP groups and CON in the ascending colon, while beta diversity revealed significant differences between DEHP200 and CON and DEHP20. The abundance of Christensenellaceae R-7 group, Romboutsia , Lachnospiraceae UCG-004, Odoribacter , and Sphaerochaeta , among others, differed in DEHP-exposed vs. CON animals. Thus, daily exposure to phthalates during infancy changes the villus structure and disaccharidase activity in the small intestine and these changes may be modulated by the colonic bacterial community.
The neuromorphic computing for biointegrated electronics
Authors: Yoon Soon Joo , Park Jin Tae , Lee Yoon Kyeung
Published: August 2024

This review investigates the transformative potential of neuromorphic computing in advancing biointegrated electronics, with a particular emphasis on applications in medical sensing, diagnostics, and therapeutic interventions. By examining the convergence of edge computing and neuromorphic principles, we explore how emulating the operational principles of the human brain can enhance the energy efficiency and functionality of biointegrated electronics. The review begins with an introduction to recent breakthroughs in materials and circuit designs that aim to mimic various aspects of the biological nervous system. Subsequent sections synthesize demonstrations of neuromorphic systems designed to augment the functionality of healthcare-related electronic systems, including those capable of direct signal communication with biological tissues. The neuromorphic biointegrated devices remain in a nascent stage, with a relatively limited number of publications available. The current review aims to meticulously summarize these pioneering studies to evaluate the current state and propose future directions to advance the interdisciplinary field.
The healing power of the doctor-patient relationship
Authors: Karkal Ravichandra
Published: August 2024

Humane and empathic care are quintessential to the medical profession. In this narrative, a psychiatrist reflects on a difficult patient encounter which highlights the influence of trauma on a patient with psychosis and how the doctor-patient relationship is paramount in the treatment of any illness.
A Quantitative Analysis of the Complex Response Relationship between Urban Green Infrastructure (Ugi) Structure/Spatial Pattern and Urban Thermal Environment in Shanghai
Authors: Guan Zhenru , Zhang Hao
Published: August 2024

The Urban heat island (UHI) effect has evolved into one of the key environmental problems affecting urban ecological environment and sustainable development. Based on 52 Urban Thermal Heat spots (UTHSs) with significant differences between land use structure and UGI spatial layout within the influence range of UHI in Shanghai, Landsat-8/9 satellite images were used to construct a high-dimensional data set reflecting the impact of built environment components on urban thermal environment. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the spatial difference qualitatively. Using stepwise regression model and partial least square regression (PLSR) model, the complex response relationship between UGI pattern differentiation and urban thermal environment in three spatial stratification ranges of UTHSs was quantitatively analyzed. Overall, the statistical explanatory power of the partial least square regression PLSR model is due to the stepwise regression model. The PLSR model points out that moderately increasing the average building height, CA, PLAND, LSI and LPI play a positive role in inhibiting/slowing down the growth of LST (land surface temperature), and the cooling effect of index weights decreases in order. However, the interaction effects of CA×Cohesion×AI×LPI and PLAND×CA×Cohesion×AI×LPI exert relatively small weight on the cooling effect, and according to the results, suggestions such as UGI structure and urban construction layout optimization can effectively alleviate the urban heat island effect are proposed.
Amplifying Religious Literacy Education through the Frameworks of Global Competence
Authors: Hall Tim
Published: August 2024

Since the turn of the millennium, many individuals and groups, including Diane Moore (2007), Stephen Prothero (2007), the American Academy of Religion (2010), and The National Council for the Social Studies (2014, 2017, 2021), have advocated for better religious literacy education (RLE) in K-12 curriculum and public schools. Despite these calls, RLE has yet to make significant inroads in K-12 curriculum and public schools. This paper aims to define religious literacy and RLE, provide current rationales for its inclusion in K-12 curriculum and public schools, identify barriers to RLE, and explore the potential of global competence in promoting RLE.
(R/S)-Ethyl 2-acetoxy-4-phenyl-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate
Authors: Petkova-Yankova Nevena I. , Koleva Ana I. , Nikolova Rositca D.
Published: August 2024

A simple protocol for preparation of O-acylated enol form - (R/S)-ethyl-2-acetoxy-4-phenyl-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate 5 was presented. The compound was characterized by 1H-, 13C-and DEPT135 NMR spectra, including {1H,1H} COSY, {1H,13C} HSQC, {1H,13C} HMBC and 2D-NOESY spectra. The preferred regioselectivity for O-acylation of 3,4-dihydrocoumarin 5 in the presence of substituent in 4-th position in the chroman ring and accounting the steric hindrance of the ester group in 3-th place was confirmed.
Molecular Biology of ACL Graft Healing: Early Mechanical Loading Perspective.
Authors: Stańczak Mikołaj , Kacprzak Bartłomiej
Published: August 2024

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a crucial stabilizing ligament in the knee, essential for maintaining knee joint stability and proper biomechanical function. ACL rupture is one of the most common injuries, especially prevalent among athletes participating in high-demand sports that involve pivoting, cutting, and jumping. Such injuries not only lead to immediate functional impairment but also predispose individuals to long-term consequences, including osteoarthritis if left untreated. ACL reconstruction using a graft, whether autograft or allograft, has become the gold standard treatment method aimed at restoring knee stability and function. However, the postoperative healing process of the graft within the bone tunnel presents significant challenges due to its complexity. This healing involves a coordinated sequence of molecular and cellular events, including inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases. These phases are governed by a myriad of molecular signals, growth factors, and cellular interactions that ultimately determine the success of the graft integration and the restoration of ligamentous function. The review article "Molecular Biology of ACL Graft Healing: Early Mechanical Loading Perspective" delves deeply into these intricate biological processes. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the underlying molecular mechanisms that facilitate graft healing. Furthermore, it emphasizes the critical role of early mechanical loading in this context. Mechanical loading, when applied appropriately, has been shown to positively influence graft healing by enhancing cellular responses, collagen fiber alignment, and overall biomechanical properties of the graft. By exploring the impact of early mechanical loading, the review sheds light on how mechanical stimuli can be optimized to improve clinical outcomes. This understanding is vital for developing effective rehabilitation protocols that promote faster and more robust graft healing. The article offers valuable insights for clinicians and researchers, aiming to bridge the gap between molecular biology and practical rehabilitation strategies in ACL reconstruction. Overall, this review underscores the importance of an integrated approach that considers both the biological and mechanical aspects of ACL graft healing. Such an approach holds promise for advancing patient care and improving the success rates of ACL reconstruction surgeries.
A PCR-Based Approach for Early Diagnosis of Head and Neck Aspergillosis
Authors: Gomes Thaís Ellen Chaves , Bastos Victor Coutinho , Boniek Douglas , Romañach Mário , Rocha Fernanda Faria , Chaves Roberta Rayra Martins , Gomez Ricardo Santiago
Published: August 2024

Aspergillosis is a fungal disease caused by the inhalation of fungal spores of the genus Aspergillus spp. This fungus mainly affects the lungs but can spread and infect the maxillofacial region through the bloodstream. The disease has nonspecific clinical manifestations, which hinders early diagnosis. Even though the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique holds promising potential to aid in diagnosing aspergillosis, anatomopathological analysis services have not yet routinely adopted the method. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the applicability and standardize the techniques of preparation of biological samples and PCR for the detection of the species Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus. Six samples of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE), with histopathological diagnosis suggestive of aspergillosis, were investigated by PCR. Five of the six samples evaluated were positive for the fungus Aspergillus spp, 2/5 of which were co-infected by A. fumigatus and A. flavus species, and the others were positive for A. flavus species. The findings of this study suggest that PCR may be an auxiliary method in diagnosing aspergillosis. However, the expansion of the sample size and the evaluation of PCR in comparison with other diagnostic tests for aspergillosis is essential to determine the accuracy of the method.
Ethno-racial segregation in São Paulo and London metropolitan regions: reflections on a comparative study
Authors: Barros Joana , Feitosa Flavia da Fonseca
Published: August 2024

This paper analyzes ethno-racial residential segregation in two large metropolitan areas across the Global North and South: London (UK) and São Paulo (Brazil). Residential segregation is measured and mapped using global and local spatial segregation indices that portray different spatial dimensions across scales. To interpret results, the study adopted a relational approach that juxtaposes global figures and local variations of segregation, complementary dimensions of segregation (dissimilarity and exposure/isolation), multiple scales of segregation, and location patterns of different ethno-racial groups. Results indicate that London and São Paulo metropolitan regions have similar, although inverse, core-periphery patterns of ethno-racial segregation. The findings also revealed that segregation levels are higher for London than São Paulo across scales and dimensions, indicating that, against common assumptions, London is more ethno-racially segregated than São Paulo. These findings are discussed in the context of existing literature, exploring similarities and differences between ethno-racial segregation in the two metropolitan regions. The paper concludes with a discussion on the relevance of the comparative findings for segregation studies, and a reflection on future studies on urban segregation.
Evaluasi Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Dalam Jaringan Mata Kuliah Berbicara Bahasa Mandarin
Authors: Trihardini Ayu , Wikarti Aprilia Ruby , Andriani Susi , Hasan  , Tania Dewi , Julian Kristi , Maulia Shania
Published: August 2024

Di tengah upaya adaptasi pengajar dan peserta didik menghadapi era disrupsi teknologi dan kompetisi global, pandemi Covid-19 telah menjadi katalisator perubahan model pembelajaran di seluruh dunia. Tak terkecuali Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Jakarta (PSPBM FBS UNJ), juga turut mengembangkan pembelajaran daring.
Tulisan ini membahas mengenai evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan PJJ daring mata kuliah keterampilan berbicara di PSPBM UNJ, mencakupi media pembelajaran yang digunakan, kendala yang dihadapi serta bagaimana PJJ daring memengaruhi motivasi peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif melalui survey dan analisis kualitatif pada pembahasannya. Responden yaitu mahasiswa dan dosen PSPBM. Penelitian yang bersifat evaluasi ini merupakan dasar penelitian selanjutnya mengenai pengembangan model PJJ daring keterampilan berbicara bahasa Mandarin.
Hasil penelitian ini secara terintegrasi dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi para pemangku kebijakan dalam menentukan kebijakan yang diperlukan bagi peningkatan mutu pembelajaran; juga dapat menjadi masukan yang sangat penting bagi pengampu mata kuliah agar dapat berpikir lebih kreatif dan solutif dalam mewujudkan kegiatan perkuliahan yang menarik, efisien, dan bermanfaat bagi mahasiswa peserta didik; serta menjadi masukan dan bahan pertimbangan bagi masyarakat umum yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan PJJ daring dalam menentukan berbagai sikap yang diperlukan bagi peningkatan mutu PJJ daring.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Dalam Jaringan Mata Kuliah Membaca Bahasa Mandarin
Authors: Wikarti Aprilia Ruby , Trihardini Ayu , Andriani Susi , Mauliddina Annida , Maharani Jihan , Handayani Siti
Published: August 2024

Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 menjadi salah satu katalisator perubahan model pembelajaran di seluruh dunia, tidak terkecuali Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Jakarta (PSPBM FBS UNJ) yang juga menyesuaikan dari model pembelajaran konvensional (tatap muka) menjadi Pembelajaran jarak Jauh (PJJ) dalam jaringan (daring).
Artikel ini berfokus pada evaluasi PJJ daring rangkaian mata kuliah keterampilan membaca dasar yang diselenggarakan di PSPBM UNJ. Adapun cakupan penelitian ini adalah media pembelajaran yang digunakan, kendala teknis dan upaya mengatasinya, motivasi yang memengaruhi, serta model pjj daring keterampilan membaca bahasa Mandarin.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dengan melakukan survei, dan menggunakan analisis kualitatif pada pembahasannya. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner campuran, yaitu gabungan antara kuesioner terbuka dan tertutup menggunakan google form. Responden penelitian adalah peserta didik dan dosen pengampu mata kuliah keterampilan membaca. Data penelitian ini adalah informasi yang berkaitan dengan media, kendala dan upaya, serta motivasi pembelajaran keterampilan membaca.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah PJJ daring mata kuliah keterampilan membaca menggunakan beberapa media pembelajaran yaitu Whatsapp, Zoom, Google Classroom, aplikasi permainan daring. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan mendorong kreativitas dosen pengampu untuk memilih dan menggunakan model pembelajaran yang sesuai dan mendukung kelancaran penyampaian materi. Selain itu PJJ daring juga menuntut kemandirian mahasiswa dalam belajar. Terdapat model pembelajaran student-centered dengan menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis proyek (seperti rekaman audio/video membaca kata, frasa, kalimat, teks) dan pembelajaran berbasis masalah (seperti pemahaman bacaan, diskusi) yang dapat diimplementasikan pada pembelajaran keterampilan membaca.
Nilai Moral dalam Buku Cerita Kuafu Zhui Ri
Authors: Mella Tria Indrastuti  , Trihardini Ayu , Wardhani Rizky
Published: August 2024

Dalam mengembangkan bahan ajar keterampilan membaca, diperlukan adanya teks-teks bacaan sebagai penunjang. Teks-teks bacaan ini dipilih tidak hanya karena kosakata sesuai dengan tingkatan bahan ajar, namun juga dipilih karena merupakan teks bacaan yang bermutu. Salah satu kriteria teks bacaan yang baik adalah mengandung nilai moral seperti buku cerita rakyat. Penelitian ini mempunyai beberapa tujuan, yaitu untuk mengetahui nilai moral yang terdapat dalam buku cerita Kuafu Zhui Ri yang: (1) mengandung wujud inti ajaran Konfusius Ai ren, (2) menunjukkan prinsip pelaksanaan ajaran Konfusius Xiaodi, (3) menunjukkan tahapan pelaksanaan ajaran Konfusius Zhong dan Shu.
Data penelitian ini dibatasi pada kalimat-kalimat bahasa Mandarin dalam cerita yang mengandung nilai moral. Keseluruhan data tersebut diklasifikasi berdasarkan wujud inti, prinsip pelaksanaan dan tahapan pelaksanaan nilai moral menurut ajaran Konfusius. Temuan pada penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa cerita rakyat Kuafu Zhui Ri mengandung nilai moral ajaran Konfusius, yang terdiri dari (1) mengasihi sesama, (2) berbakti, serta (3) loyalitas dan pengampunan. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, diharapkan cerita rakyat Kuafu Zhui Ri dapat diterapkan dalam dunia pendidikan dan dijadikan referensi atau masukan oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin UNJ ketika memilih teks bacaan dalam kegiatan pengembangan buku ajar mata kuliah keterampilan membaca.