bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Europa im Geisterkrieg. Studien zu Nietzsche
Authors: Stegmaier Werner
Published: March 2018

Der Band vereinigt 20 Studien zu Nietzsche von Werner Stegmaier, der in den vergangenen drei Jahrzehnten der internationalen Nietzsche-Forschung starke Impulse gegeben und zuletzt achtzehn Jahre lang, zusammen mit Günter Abel, die Nietzsche-Studien, das international führende Organ der Nietzsche-Forschung, geleitet und die Monographien und Texte zur Nietzsche-Forschung herausgegeben hat. Die Studien handeln von Grundfragen der Philosophie Nietzsches. Sie setzen ein (I) mit seiner Neubestimmung der Wahrheit und der Philosophie und (II) seiner Verzeitlichung des Denkens unter (III) Verzicht auf ,die Vernunft‘ bei der Bestimmung des Menschen, interpretieren von hier aus (IV) die Anti-Lehren von Nietzsches Zarathustra, umreißen (V) Nietzsches Ethik für ,gute Europäer‘ und schließen (VI) mit der Interpretation von Nietzsches Selbsteinschätzung als Schicksal der Philosophie und der Menschheit (Ecce Homo, Warum ich ein Schicksal bin 1) und einer Einschätzung von Nietzsches Zukunft, die schon seit über einem Jahrhundert begonnen hat. Werner Stegmaier, Jahrgang 1946, war Gründungsdirektor des Instituts für Philosophie der Universität Greifswald nach dem Zusammenbruch der Sowjetunion und baute das Nord- und osteuropäische Forum für Philosophie auf, das Institute für Philosophie rund um die Ostsee neu miteinander ins Gespräch brachte und dort zu philosophischen Neuorientierungen beitrug. Er hat auf vielfältigen Gebieten gearbeitet, unter anderem zur Metaphysik und ihrem Grundbegriff der Substanz, zu großen Philosophen von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, zur philosophischen Aktualität der jüdischen Tradition, vor allem aber zur Philosophie Nietzsches. Dabei ging es ihm stets um Fragen der Ersten Philosophie, insbesondere die, was unsere Realität ausmacht, wie sie durch Zeichen und Kommunikation vermittelt wird, wie Begriffe in der Zeit existieren und womit man es beim Denken zu tun hat. Er führte den Begriff der Orientierung als elementaren Begriff der Philosophie ein und entwickelte eine umfassende Philosophie der Orientierung.
Interactions between Mesoscale and Submesoscale Gravity Waves and Their Efficient Representation in Mesoscale-Resolving Models
Authors: Wilhelm Jannik , Akylas T. R. , Bölöni Gergely , Wei Junhong , Ribstein Bruno , Klein Rupert , Achatz Ulrich
Published: March 2018

As present weather forecast codes and increasingly many atmospheric climate models resolve at least part of the mesoscale flow, and hence also internal gravity waves (GWs), it is natural to ask whether even in such configurations subgrid-scale GWs might impact the resolved flow and how their effect could be taken into account. This motivates a theoretical and numerical investigation of the interactions between unresolved submesoscale and resolved mesoscale GWs, using Boussinesq dynamics for simplicity. By scaling arguments, first a subset of submesoscale GWs that can indeed influence the dynamics of mesoscale GWs is identified. Therein, hydrostatic GWs with wavelengths corresponding to the largest unresolved scales of present-day limited-area weather forecast models are an interesting example. A large-amplitude WKB theory, allowing for a mesoscale unbalanced flow, is then formulated, based on multiscale asymptotic analysis utilizing a proper scale-separation parameter. Purely vertical propagation of submesoscale GWs is found to be most important, implying inter alia that the resolved flow is only affected by the vertical flux convergence of submesoscale horizontal momentum at leading order. In turn, submesoscale GWs are refracted by mesoscale vertical wind shear while conserving their wave-action density. An efficient numerical implementation of the theory uses a phase-space ray tracer, thus handling the frequent appearance of caustics. The WKB approach and its numerical implementation are validated successfully against submesoscale-resolving simulations of the resonant radiation of mesoscale inertia GWs by a horizontally as well as vertically confined submesoscale GW packet.
Coping strategies and self-esteem in the high-risk offspring of bipolar parents
Authors: Goodday Sarah M , Bentall Richard , Jones Steven , Weir Arielle , Duffy Anne
Published: March 2018

Objectives:

This study investigated whether there were differences in coping strategies and self-esteem between offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (high-risk) and offspring of unaffected parents (control), and whether these psychological factors predicted the onset and recurrence of mood episodes.

Methods:

High-risk and control offspring were followed longitudinally as part of the Flourish Canadian high-risk bipolar offspring cohort study. Offspring were clinically assessed annually by a psychiatrist using semi-structured interviews and completed a measure of coping strategies and self-esteem.

Results:

In high-risk offspring, avoidant coping strategies significantly increased the hazard of a new onset Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition twice revised mood episode or recurrence (hazard ratio: 1.89, p = 0.04), while higher self-esteem significantly decreased this hazard (hazard ratio: 2.50, p < 0.01). Self-esteem and avoidant coping significantly interacted with one another ( p < 0.05), where the risk of a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition twice revised new onset mood episode or recurrence was only significantly increased among high-risk offspring with both high avoidant coping and low self-esteem.

Conclusion:

A reduction of avoidant coping strategies in response to stress and improvement of self-esteem may be useful intervention targets for preventing the new onset or recurrence of a clinically significant mood disorder among individuals at high familial risk.
Friendship and money: A qualitative study of service users’ experiences of participating in a supported socialisation programme
Authors: Sheridan Ann , O’Keeffe Donal , Coughlan Barbara , Frazer Kate , Drennan Johnathan , Kemple Mary
Published: March 2018

Background:

Social opportunities can be limited in the lives of people with enduring mental illness (EMI) due to psychiatric stigma, restricted home environments and employment barriers. Supported socialisation programmes have the potential to redress the impact of social isolation.

Aim:

To explore the experiences of service users with EMI taking part in a supported socialisation programme, using written diary entries.

Methods:

This article reports on the qualitative component of a randomised controlled trial of supported socialisation for people with EMI (published previously in this journal). Trial participation involved (1) being matched with a volunteer partner and engaging in social/leisure activities while receiving a stipend of €20 or (2) receiving this stipend only and engaging in self-driven socialisation. Participants completed written diaries documenting their perspectives on their experiences of supported socialisation. Data were analysed using Thematic Analysis.

Results:

Experiences of participation were characterised by involvement ‘normalising’ life, fostering a sense of connectedness, improving physical health, and facilitating engagement with culture. Taking part helped participants integrate socialising into their identity, enhanced their perceived capacity to be social, and cemented/expanded social networks. Participants also experienced significant obstacles to socialisation.

Conclusion:

Supported socialisation can increase confidence, social competence and self-agency; buffer against psychiatric stigma; build social capital; and afford opportunities to enhance social integration, inclusion and belonging.
Organo-modified layered silicate nanocomposites of EPDM–chlorobutyl rubber blends for enhanced performance in γ radiation and hydrocarbon environment
Authors: Ashok Neelesh , Balachandran Meera , Lawrence Falix
Published: March 2018

In this work, blends of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and chlorobutyl rubber were reinforced with organo-modified layered silicate (nanoclay) to enhance their performance in radiation as well as hydrocarbons environments. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites increased (up to 57%) and solvent transport coefficients decreased (by 30%) with increasing nanoclay content. The enhancement in properties was attributed to the dispersion of nanoclay platelets in the ethylene propylene diene monomer–chlorobutyl rubber blends and the chemical interaction between nanoclay and the polymer which were confirmed by morphological and spectroscopic analysis, respectively. The effect of nanofiller content on the mechanical properties, solvent uptake and thermal degradation of blends exposed to gamma radiation was investigated by irradiating the nanocomposites with gamma rays for cumulative doses of 0.5, 1 and 2 MGy. The ethylene propylene diene monomer–chlorobutyl rubber nanocomposites with 5 phr nanoclay had the best retention of mechanical properties and solvent sorption coefficients on exposure to radiation. Depending on the dose of cumulative radiation exposure, chain scission and/or crosslinking occurred in the nanocomposites, resulting in varying degrees of changes in properties.
Sweden Is a World Leader in Peace, Security, and Human Rights
Authors: Carlson‐Rainer Elise
Published: March 2018

This article examines Sweden's role in soft power diplomacy on issues such as women's rights, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender & Intersex (LGBTI) equality, and feminist foreign policy. Given that small nations are more vulnerable to international instability, leaders in Sweden demonstrate how international development and peace efforts are important for long‐term national interest and security. Northern European nations are poised to take on the leadership mantle of human rights and other global policy issues that the Trump administration increasingly disparages. Leveraging small state's theory, this research provides continued evidence that Sweden changes global human rights norms and wields enormous influence in international affairs.
Investigating patterns of in-channel wood deposition locations in a low-gradient, variably-confined alluvial river system
Authors: Martin Derek J , Harden Carol P , Tran Liem , Pavlowsky Robert T
Published: March 2018

In-channel large wood (LW) plays an important role in the eco-morphological functionality of many river systems. This importance has been widely recognized, yet there continues to be a poor understanding of relationships between morphodynamics and locations of wood deposition within the channel, particularly in low-gradient, semi-confined rivers. This research investigates the following hypotheses: 1) LW deposition locations (DLs) occur periodically in relation to the periodic arrangement of morphological features in the Big River, Missouri, USA, a low-gradient, variably-confined, alluvial river system; 2) geomorphic controls on DLs in the Big River exert varying levels of influence at different spatial scales. A large-scale field inventory of LW DLs was performed along the Big River. A spectral analysis was then used to identify periodic patterns of DLs along the Big River and various statistical tests of association were used to investigate the relationships between DLs and morphological variables, and between periodicity (where identified) and morphological variables. The results suggest that under certain circumstances, DLs are spatially periodic, with periodicities ranging from 270 m to 1371 m, and in some cases exhibit periodicity at different spatial scales. Regression analysis was unable to statistically associate periodicity with morphological features; however, correlation and stepwise Poisson regression models suggest that channel-scale (100 m to 500 m) sinuosity, and valley width exert more influence on DLs than other variables. The lack of strong statistical associations suggests that either 1) LW dynamics in the Big River contain a high level of stochasticity or 2) controlling variables were not included in this analysis. These results support the need for better theoretical and numerical models of stochastic LW processes in order to better manage LW in complex geomorphic systems.
Vulnerability of Traffic Control System Under Cyberattacks with Falsified Data
Authors: Feng Yiheng , Huang Shihong , Chen Qi Alfred , Liu Henry X. , Mao Z. Morley
Published: March 2018

Existing traffic control systems are mostly deployed in private wired networks. With the development of wireless technology, vehicles and infrastructure devices will be connected through wireless communications, which might open a new door for cyberattackers. It is still not clear what types of cyberattacks can be performed through infrastructure-to-infrastructure and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications, whether such attacks can introduce critical failure to the system, and what the impacts are of cyberattacks on traffic operations. This paper investigates the vulnerability of traffic control systems in a connected environment. Four typical elements, including signal controllers, vehicle detectors, roadside units, and onboard units, are identified as the attack surfaces. The paper mainly focuses on attacking actuated and adaptive signal control systems by sending falsified data, which is considered as an indirect but realistic attack approach. The objective of an attacker is to maximize system delay with constraints such as budget and attack intensity. Empirical results show that different attack scenarios result in significant differences in delay, and some ineffective attacks may even improve the system performance. Simulation results from a real-world corridor show that critical intersections, which have a higher impact on network performance, can be identified by analyzing the attack locations. Identification of such intersections can be helpful in designing a more resilient transportation network.
An Intersectional Exploration: Experiences of Stroke Prevention in Middle-Aged and Older Arab Muslim Immigrant Women in Canada
Authors: Salma Jordana , Hunter Kathleen F. , Ogilvie Linda , Keating Norah
Published: March 2018

Background

Arab immigrants have increasing rates of stroke and uncontrolled stroke risk factors coupled with minimal resources for stroke prevention.

Purpose

This article describes the results of an interpretive descriptive study about Arab immigrant women’s experiences of practicing stroke prevention. We use an intersectionality approach to discuss some of the factors that influenced women’s ability to manage their health.

Methods

Sixteen middle-aged and older Arab Muslim immigrant women were recruited between 2015 and 2016 from two religious centers in an urban Canadian center. Women were between the ages of 45 and 75 years, were living in the community, and had a combination of stroke risk factors. Semi-structured interviews lasting 2–3 h were conducted in Arabic by the primary bilingual researcher. Data analysis was completed in Arabic, with final themes and exemplars translated to English with the support of a certified translator.

Results

Study themes include relating life stressors to physical health, pursuing knowledge in the dark, negotiating medication and treatment options, making an effort to eat healthy and be active, and identifying triple ingredients for empowerment.

Conclusion

Economic status, access to transportation, language fluency, life stressors, and personal coping strategies influenced Arab women’s ability to manage personal health.
An investigation of the structure-borne sound transmission in a T-joint equipped with a dynamic vibration absorber based on fluid–structure interaction dynamics
Authors: Zou Ming-Song , Huang He , Liu Shu-Xiao
Published: March 2018

A novel analytical method is presented in this paper for evaluating the propagation characteristics of structure-borne sound in a T-joint, the web plate of which is in contact with heavy fluid. Firstly, based on the dynamics of fluid–structure interaction, a mathematical model that considers the effect of fluid is established for the T-joint, which is equipped with a dynamic vibration absorber. The waves in the T-joint structure are described by the dynamical equation of thin plates, while the motion of fluid is described by the Helmholtz equation in the ideal acoustic medium. For the convenience of mathematics, the semi-infinite fluid domain is extended virtually into the infinite space. The Fourier transform method is utilized to obtain analytical solutions with high precision. Several examples are given to analyse the characteristics of the coupled transmission of bending and longitudinal waves in the T-joint. Comparisons are made with the results for the no-fluid case. The effects of the mass and frequency parameters of the dynamic vibration absorber on the inhibition of longitudinal wave transmission are also investigated. It is found that the existence of the heavy fluid has a significant influence on the propagation of bending waves in the T-joint. The dynamic absorber can inhibit the longitudinal waves in the web plate of the T-joint, while it has no effect on the bending waves.
Numerical and experimental investigation into the mid- and high-frequency vibration behavior of a concrete box girder bridge induced by high-speed trains
Authors: Zhang Xun , Li Xiaozhen , Wen Zhipeng , Zhao Yu
Published: March 2018

Concrete box girder bridges exhibit mid- and high-frequency (> 20 Hz) dynamic responses due to train excitations, which result in problems of noise radiation and track deterioration. This study presents a numerical model for box girder vibration prediction. Significant attention is focused on the mid- and high-frequency responses via introduction of a detailed track/bridge subsystem model. A hammer impact test was used to determine the model parameters. The model was then validated using a homologation test. The results show that the wheel/rail force and box girder mobility are the two principal factors that influence box girder vibration spectral characteristics and amplitudes. The box girder responses at cross-sections with similar dynamic characteristics vary little, as they increase moderately with the train speed. The application of a fastening system with low stiffness and high damping can effectively reduce box girder vibration. However, the elastic modulus and damping of the cement–asphalt mortar, and the thickness of the track slab and bearing base exert the smallest influences on the vibrations. The box girder slab thickness should be designed appropriately because its dynamic behavior is closely associated with the slab characteristics.
A research note on the nonstandard finite difference method for solving variable-order fractional optimal control problems
Authors: Zaky Mahmoud A
Published: March 2018

Zahra and Hikal recently proposed a nonstandard finite difference method for solving a class of variable-order fractional optimal control problems. They presented a system of variable-order fractional differential equations, and they claimed that its solution provides the optimal profiles for the state and control variables. In this note, we prove that this system does not give the necessary conditions of optimality for the variable-order fractional optimal control problems. Consequently, one cannot construct an indirect approach for the variable-order fractional optimal control problems using the Euler–Lagrange equations proposed by Zahra and Hikal.
Authority versus Seduction: The Use of Voice-overs in New Zealand and French Television Advertising
Authors: Desmarais Fabrice
Published: March 2018

Cross-cultural content analysis of New Zealand and French television advertising has revealed marked differences in the use of voice-overs. New Zealand voice-overs were found to be mostly authoritative and adhered to a strong code of masculinity whereas French voice-overs used a more seductive approach, utilising more feminine voices which acted as a relay of masculine values. Interviews with creative directors suggested that the selection of a voice-over was influenced by strong cultural stereotypes and was mostly the result of a subconscious or mechanical choice. This paper argues that voice-overs are signifiers which are embedded in a cultural and communicative context. It also draws attention to the usually unsuspected presence of highly naturalised ‘vocal formations’ which exist in the advertising discourse of each country, shaping and subjecting us as sociocultural beings.
The Sporting Gamble: Media Sport, Drama and Politics
Authors: Greenfield Cathy , Williams Peter
Published: March 2018

Sport is historically developed, institutionally organised, politically charged and culturally communicated. Sport is also about time and space and bodies. Media sport — configured as drama — routinely presents audiences with particular, persuasive ways of understanding these materialities, in ways that work over and consolidate social relations of power between genders, nationalities, ‘races’. We note some pre-Sydney 2000 media examples which make their own arguments about the Olympics, and then some of the varied media presentation and reportage of Sydney 2000 in order to consider this media event as part of ongoing gender, ‘race’ and national politics.
Performance Technologies: Drugs and Fastskin at the Sydney 2000 Olympics
Authors: Magdalinski Tara
Published: March 2018

Throughout preparations for the Sydney 2000 Olympics, there was substantial discussion of a range of technological innovations in sport. On the one hand, performance-enhancing drugs have been rejected as ‘unfair’ or ‘unhealthy’ whilst other technologies have been welcomed with little critique. The debate around drugs in sport and Fastskin bodysuits exposes key elements and contradictions within dominant discourses of sporting performance. At the same time that most athletes and administrators were arguing that equality of access by all Australian team members was the key factor in determining whether Australian swimmers should use bodysuits, other athletes clearly recognised the potential criticism that these suits represent some sort of ‘unnatural’ body enhancement. The issue of performance enhancement was effectively isolated from debates around performance-enhancing drugs by the distinction between the ingestion of drugs and the wearing of suits. As such, the use of the Fastskin suit was depicted as a temporary and function-specific enhancement of the body's natural’ ability and form, rather than a complete molecular transformation of the body — and therefore ‘unnatural’. In this debate, the Fastskin bodysuit and its performance-enhancing potential are presented and legitimated as an acceptable application of human scientific endeavour to the improvement of athletic achievement.
Napster: Infinite Digital Jukebox or Pirate Bazaar?
Authors: Rimmer Matthew
Published: March 2018

This paper considers the copyright litigation over the file-sharing program, Napster. The first section examines the culture of collecting at work in Napster. The next part examines the litigation by the major record companies and Metallica against Napster. The final section considers the future of file-sharing, looking at alternatives to Napster, such as Filetopia, Freenet, Gnutella, MP3board.com and streaming media.
Too Much Culture, too Little Culture: Trends and Issues for Cultural Policy-Making
Authors: O'Regan Tom
Published: March 2018

This paper considers the paradoxical situation confronting contemporary cultural policymaking wherein it is simultaneously centralised in creative city/industries and cultural diversity agendas while marginalised in broadcasting and film policy deliberations. This dual movement, it is argued, is the consequence of cultural policy becoming less its own sui generis domain and more part of a variety of other governmental processes, spheres, knowledges and domains. In these circumstances, effective cultural policy-making is increasingly embracing an agenda of rejuvenation marked by differentiated strategies, knowledges, sites and outcomes.
How ‘Creative Industries' Evokes the Legacy of Modernist Visual Art
Authors: McNamara Andrew
Published: March 2018

The concept of ‘creative industries' presents a new idea for the Arts/Humanities faculty predicated upon forging a conjunction between the creative arts and cultural industries. It also provides a unique opportunity for the creative arts as well as the old Humanities faculty to acquire a new role at the centre of policy discussions about the new economy. ‘Creative industries’, in short, provides arts and humanities with a ‘new’ industry face suited to the needs of the twenty-first century. Yet, so far, discussions about creative industries have focused upon either their new economy connections or upon their delineation from ‘cultural industries’. This fosters the impression that the concept of creative industries is forged from the intersection of cultural studies, the new economy and cultural industries alone. What is the place of the creative arts within creative industries? Has it any feasible critical role when it is constantly dubbed ‘the subsidised arts’? This paper presents a reading that shows that the conception of creative industries is actually reliant upon the creative arts — in particular, the legacy of interdisciplinary modernist practice within the visual arts. It will examine how the sometimes anti-art rhetoric of some creative industries manifestos evokes this legacy. It then draws out some important socio-political implications of throwing this legacy into this mix that currently constitutes ‘creative industries’.
Beyond the Studio: A Case Study of Community Radio and Social Capital
Authors: van Vuuren Kitty
Published: March 2018

This paper explores the community development function of community broadcasting using a case study of three non-metropolitan community radio stations conducted in 1998 and 1999. I apply aspects of the concept of social capital to analyse the results of research conducted at the participating stations. The findings indicate that social capital is related to the age composition of volunteers at community radio.
Afterword: Reflections on the Seminar
Authors: Muir Ian , Phillips Gail
Published: March 2018

In this Interview with Gail Phillips, Ian Muir reflects on the developments in the audience measurement industry since the Ratings in Transition seminar held in 2001.
Gatewatching, Not Gatekeeping: Collaborative Online News
Authors: Bruns Axel
Published: March 2018

This article introduces a new form of collaborative web-based editing which has become increasingly popular in recent years. It involves web users as reporters and co-producers for specialist news sites by allowing them to submit their own news reports and pointers to relevant articles elsewhere on the web, and sometimes even hands over editorial control to the online community altogether. Websites of this type move on from traditional journalistic gatekeeping approaches, where editors publish only what they regard as ‘fit to print’, to what is here termed gatewatching, where almost all incoming material is publicised, but with varying degrees of emphasis. Gatewatching sites frequently become major repositories of specialist information, turning into resource centre sites for their interest community, and are particularly common on the fringes of the open source software development movement. Some of these sites can be seen to directly apply open source ideals (direct involvement of the community, open access to all aspects of the development process) to the reporting of news, in effect making news itself an open source.
Global Diffusion with Local Dimension: A Study of Iraq War News in South Asia
Authors: Zaman Akhteruz
Published: March 2018

The reporting of war has always been a tough challenge for journalists. Restricted access to information, lack of consensus about journalists' role during wartime and the process of news production make the task daunting. The media's vulnerability is manifested in the pattern of war coverage, which is directly related to a country's historic, social and cultural perspectives. This content analysis of the 2003 Iraq war coverage in the Bangladesh press shows that, despite the publications’ dependence on Western sources for war news, they rejected the Western definition of the war and echoed the opposing version of it harboured by the country's elite.
What's it Got to Do with Morality? Moral Rights: An Historic and Contemporary Perspective
Authors: Sainsbury Maree
Published: March 2018

Australia introduced moral rights legislation in December 2000, giving effect to a doctrine that originated in civil law jurisdictions in the eighteenth century. The rights given effect to in Australia are the right of integrity, which allows the author to prevent derogatory treatment of their work, and the right of attribution, which mandates attribution of the author when the work is reproduced, published or otherwise communicated to the public. There is also the right to prevent false attribution of authorship. This article looks at the historical development of moral rights and examines why such an amendment to the law in Australia was necessary in a contemporary context. It discusses the implications of this amendment for the media and other industries.
Facing the Challenge: Chinese Television in the New Media Era
Authors: Wang Zhenzi , Liu Zhi-Qiang , Fore Steve
Published: March 2018

In this paper we examine current developments in new media and Chinese television. In particular, we present a case study of the Spring Festival Eve Gala 2002, sponsored by China Central Television Station (CCTV). Despite the rapid development of digital technology and new media in recent years, Chinese television is unlikely to be transformed quickly. We propose that coevolution and convergence with new media offer the most effective strategy for the future development of Chinese television. The case study indicates that the current progress in media and communications technologies has set the stage for a gradual and incremental transformation of Chinese television.
What Difference Does a Museum Make? TE Papa's Contribution to the New Zealand Economy
Authors: Kaino Lorna
Published: March 2018

Te Papa museum opened in Wellington, New Zealand in 1998. This paper examines its impact on economic growth in Wellington and New Zealand. It argues that Te Papa's outstanding achievements in visitation numbers and reception have been pivotal to the transformation of Wellington into an attractive tourist, leisure and working destination. Te Papa's exogenous wealth has been considerably boosted by a high overseas visitation rate. In addition, its popular, accessible exhibition programs, augmented by extensive education and outreach programs to arts and education institutions, business people and the general public, have provided a cultural milieu that attracts both arts and business practitioners to Wellington.
A Sting in the Tale: Quirky New Zealand Films
Authors: Joyce Hester
Published: March 2018

New Zealand films face the dual pressures of succeeding internationally while satisfying the cultural criteria imposed by state funding agencies. In an attempt to reach larger audiences, one response has been to adopt Hollywood models of storytelling. The genre constraints, goal-oriented protagonist and restorative narrative structure that these models demand are at odds with the specifics implied by the term ‘a New Zealand film’. Local filmmakers favour the contrary elements of open-ended narratives, eccentric protagonists and paradoxical endings. This paper compares the structural elements of four New Zealand films — Smash Palace (Roger Donaldson, 1981), Utu (Geoff Murphy, 1982), Heavenly Creatures (Peter Jackson, 1994) and Whale Rider (Niki Caro, 2003) — and explores the innovative and sometimes unconventional narrative solutions reached by filmmakers while negotiating a Hollywood paradigm within a local context.
Media Education and the Limits of Assessment
Authors: McDougall Julian
Published: March 2018

This paper is concerned with subject identity and assessment in the case of contemporary English (UK) Media Studies. It explores the relationship between the ‘spirit’ of Media Studies, notions of its relative value and its institutionalised version, ‘Subject Media’ (its authority, as administered by examiners). The case study given attention is the first examination of a new specification for AS (Advanced Subsidiary) Media Studies, held by the English awarding body, OCR, in 2000. The AS level is taken after GCSE and before the full A Level (A2), usually by students aged 16–17 in school sixth form or further education colleges. The paper suggests, through analysis of examiner discourse, that the assessment of media learning is not yet organised into a ‘vertical discourse’ (Bernstein, 1996), although examiners will it to be so. These findings set up the possibility that the distinguishing features of Media Studies in England might be over-stated.
Jonestalk: The Specificity of Alan Jones
Authors: Crofts Stephen , Turner Graeme
Published: March 2018

Alan Jones is among the most controversial, and reputedly the most influential, of talkback hosts in Australia. Governments appear to provide privileged access, and his media campaigns appear to achieve results. However, an increasing number of commentators have argued that his so-called influence is an illusion — the product of indefatigable self-promotion and a gullible public. While debate over what the radio audience might make of Alan Jones continues, in this article we use quantitative and qualitative analyses of the program itself to examine what is distinctive about his performance as a radio talkback host in order to also address the question of how, and to what extent, Jones both seeks and achieves political influence.
Managing Expectations: The Howard Government's Workchoices Information Campaign
Authors: van Onselen Peter , Errington Wayne
Published: March 2018

This article analyses the Howard government's $55 million information campaign to sell its new industrial relations (IR) reforms. The expensive advertising campaign was spread across newspapers, television channels, radio stations and even on internet sites. It was widely criticised by media professionals, politicians and interest groups. The IR information campaign was an example of ‘permanent campaigning’ because it was an overtly partisan information campaign that appeared in the middle of an electoral cycle. It was also emblematic of the blurred lines between government and political advertising. However, the IR information campaign also revealed the limitations of incumbency advantage and the limitations to some aspects of the modern trend towards permanent campaigning. Public anger over the plethora of taxpayer-funded advertisements limited the effectiveness of the messages being delivered. The government persisted with the information campaign — perhaps a signal it was designed not to turn public opinion in favour of the reforms, but to prevent an increase in public dissatisfaction following the negative campaign being waged by the Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU).
The Diy Habitus of Australian Hip Hop
Authors: Mitchell Tony
Published: March 2018

Since its origins in the late 1980s, Australian hip hop continues to be fundamentally a do-it-yourself (DIY) subcultural field which has little or no music industry input or support. This paper profiles some of the small labels and producers in Australian hip hop (Obese, Elefant Traks, Nuff Said, Crookneck, Invada, etc.) and examines how they have formed from the ground up, using community radio stations such as 2SER, PBS and 3ZZZ, and websites such as Ozhiphop.com , to promote their music, as well as organising their own gigs and tours. It also examines Aboriginal practitioners of hip hop, who have even less infrastructure than the DIY network of independent producers and labels. Drawing on Holly Kruse's writing about ‘situated practices’ in independent rock music, which refers to Bourdieu's ‘fields of practice’ and ‘habitus’, I examine the subcultural networks and associations that have emerged in Australian hip hop, mediated through a nexus of genre, gender, space, location, race and ethnicity. The concept of habitus is arguably a useful way of referring to hip hop practices like MCing, DJing, breakdancing and graffiti, as well as the social behaviour associated with the hip hop subculture.
How Will New Media Affect Television?
Authors: Branigan Tony
Published: March 2018

The next two decades will force major changes on existing media and leave them with a significantly smaller share of voice, mind and advertising dollars. Pay TV in various forms will be the main challenge, but the Internet and other interactive media also seem certain to change traditional media use and advertising practices.

In the United States, cable television has taken large numbers of viewers from free-to-air TV, and is expanding its share of advertising revenue. Pay TV's prospects in Australia are promising, though the largely American program content of advertiser-supported channels may limit their appeal. Pay TV may be in as many as 20 per cent of homes within three years, but its impact on television viewing levels will be only a fraction of that. Free-to-air viewing may decline by as little as 4 per cent by 2000, while television revenue may be unaffected by Pay TV.

In the medium term, digital technology will make various forms of interactivity practicable for both free-to-air and Pay TV. This may prove to be more significant than competition for advertising dollars, as it will allow both media to compete for marketing expenditure currently made outside normal advertising media.
Menzies and Television: A Medium He ‘Endured’
Authors: Gorman Lyn
Published: March 2018

In his 1967 reminiscences, Menzies referred to ‘the new dominance of Press, Radio, and Television. These “Media”, as they are now called …’ On the basis of research in the Menzies Papers, national archives and other manuscript sources, this paper examines the evolution of Menzies‘ relationship with television, the newest of ‘these “Media”’, against the background of his earlier relations with the press and radio, and his attitudes to technological innovation in the media. It examines the evolution of television policy under Menzies, particularly the introduction of television, and issues of media ownership and cultural nationalism. It analyses the manner in which Menzies reacted to, adapted to and used television. Existing studies of Menzies’ relationship with television have not given due weight to its complexity; here the emphasis is on ambivalence — Menzies disliked television, but presided over its introduction in Australia; he was little interested as a viewer, yet he became a competent television ‘performer’ who outshone political contemporaries; he denied ‘deferring’ to the media, yet he helped to incorporate television into Australian political life.
National Government and the Cultural Public Sphere
Authors: McGuigan Jim
Published: March 2018

This article introduces the concept of the cultural public sphere to examine public debate around national government policy in the cultural field when the nation-state is said to be of diminishing significance. The election of New Labour in Britain and the cultural politics of its first six months in office are taken as a case study. A distinction is made between cultural policy proper and cultural policy as display. New Labour is especially notable for its symbolic politics and manipulation of cultural policy as display, much more so than its program for cultural policy proper, which remained little developed during the first year of office. The New Labour project is nothing less than a redefinition of Britishness — largely reduced, however, to the ‘rebranding’ of Britain as a ‘Young Nation’ or ‘Cool Britannia’, in the wake of Thatcherism's lengthy period of ‘regressive modernisation’. The May 1997 general election itself, the death and funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales and intense controversy over the New Millennium Experience all occurred within the first six months of Labour government. The article analyses the relations between these events and concludes that the New Labour project, symbolised by the Millennium Dome, articulates a national hubris that reproduces Britain's historical problem of coming to terms with its declining significance in the world. New Labour's virtual politics and its adherence to an accentuated public relations and marketing model of politics are at odds with the democratic principles of the public sphere in general, illustrated in the article by the particular operations and limitations of the cultural public sphere.
The produsing expert consumer: Co-constructing, resisting and accepting health-related claims on social media in response to an infotainment show about food
Authors: Declercq Jana , Tulkens Stéphan , Van Leuven Sarah
Published: March 2018

This article examines the Twitter and Facebook uptake of health messages from an infotainment TV show on food, as broadcasted on Belgium’s Dutch-language public broadcaster. The interest in and amount of health-related media coverage is rising, and this media coverage is an important source of information for laypeople, and impacts their health behaviours and therapy compliance. However, the role of the audience has also changed; consumers of media content increasingly are produsers, and, in the case of health, expert consumers. To explore how current audiences react to health claims, we have conducted a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of Twitter and Facebook reactions to an infotainment show about food and nutrition. We examine (1) to which elements in the show the audience reacts, to gain insight in the traction the nutrition-related content generates and (2) whether audience members are accepting or resisting the health information in the show. Our findings show that the information on health and production elicit the most reactions, and that health information incites a lot of refutation, low acceptance and a lot of suggestions on new information or new angles to complement the show’s information.
International obligations and devolved powers – ploughing through competences and GM crops
Authors: Engel Annegret , Petetin Ludivine
Published: March 2018

This article analyses the impact of Brexit on devolved competences in environmental protection. It maps the post-Brexit division of the United Kingdom (UK)’s internal (devolved) and external (international) competences and how this may shift when competences are returned from the European Union (EU). Crucially, the article suggests that certain of these EU powers do not simply derive from the EU but are, in fact, already held by the devolved regions in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity. Consequently, devolved competences are under threat of being pre-empted as the UK seeks to harmonise otherwise fragmented policies and legislation to comply with obligations at international level. This conundrum is illustrated here using a case study on genetically modified crop cultivation, which identifies the conflicts in the UK’s proclaimed strategy post-Brexit between international obligations and devolved competences and the legal challenges this entails.
Rethinking multicultural jurisdictions
Authors: Sagy Tehila
Published: March 2018

This article is about the rights of disempowered individuals within autonomous cultural groups. For more than a decade, multiculturalism theorists have been struggling to find a suitable balance between the policies they advocate and the need to protect the vulnerable members of the groups they seek to empower. One of the most convincing and innovative solutions to emerge has been Ayelet Sachar’s model of transformative accommodations (TA). Yet, the main argument presented in this article (based on an ethnographic study) is that this model is unfeasible due to the rule of conservation of power. This claim is illustrated by two case studies: the case of the Beit Ya’acov Primary School for Girls in Emmanuel in the Israeli Occupied Territories and the case of the Buduburam refugee camp in Ghana. The article concludes by suggesting that multiculturalists have yet to produce a satisfying response to what seems to be the principal challenge to the policy they advocate.
Independence, loss, and social identity: Perspectives on driving cessation and dementia
Authors: Sanford Sarah , Rapoport Mark J , Tuokko Holly , Crizzle Alexander , Hatzifilalithis Stephanie , Laberge Sarah , Naglie Gary ,   on behalf of the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging Driving and Dementia Team
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study on driving cessation was to explore the process of coping, decision-making and adaptation through this major life transition. We sought to examine understandings of the emotional responses of drivers and ex-drivers with dementia from the perspective of healthcare providers and family caregivers of persons with dementia. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with several key informant groups: healthcare providers who work with patients with dementia and their families ( N = 10), representatives from organizations that provide services and support for persons with dementia ( N = 6), and family caregivers of drivers and former drivers with dementia ( N = 13). Data analysis involved inductive analytic techniques to generate descriptive and analytic themes from the data. The main themes from the analysis involve the: (1) Loss of independence and disruption to identity connected to emotional responses to driving cessation; (2) Experience of driving cessation as one loss within a series of losses related to dementia; (3) Importance of addressing emotional and identity-related effects in supportive responses to driving cessation; and (4) Support for maintained and adapted roles as a strategy to provide meaning and purpose in the context of driving cessation. Driving cessation can represent a significant disruption to identity, and is closely linked to losses, such as independence, within people’s broader experiences of grief and loss associated with dementia. The findings suggest the need for supportive responses that address unique emotion and identity-related aspects of driving cessation for people with dementia and their family caregivers.
Assessment of the effect of a pulsed power supply on the HgTlI lamp
Authors: Chammam A , Nsibi W , Mrabet B , Nehdi MN , Zissis G
Published: March 2018

The objective of this work is to study the influence of a pulsed power supply on the energy efficiency of high-intensity discharge lamps in comparison with a pseudo-continuous ballast. The results presented in this paper concern the dynamic behaviour of discharges in mercury vapour doped with thallium iodide. The acquisition of the arc current, arc voltage and spectral radiation enables us to investigate the influence of the pulsed power supply on the electrical characteristics of the lamp such as the behaviour of the lamp conductance and spectral radiance. The analysis of the 577 nm mercury line’s response to the current pulse excitation allowed us to identify several phases. Good agreement has been found between simulation and experimental results.