bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strange Animals, and What to Do with Them
Authors: Albertsen Torben
Published: January 2022

In Chile, intercultural education, at least ideally, is concerned with the learning from indigenous people, and as such, anthropology is at the center stage. One of the aspects learning might learn from anthropology has to do with plurality, and more specifically, how to embrace plurality without reducing it at the same time. If sustainability has any stake in this, it would have to do with learning how to continually sustain plurality. Viveiros De Castro is a founding part of a relatively recent anthropological tradition called recursive anthropology, sometimes also referred to as the ontological turn. His ethnography consists of a proposal for Amerindian cosmology and his methodology proposes a way to sustain plurality. I propose to treat both aspects. First, we would like to describe his Amerindian cosmology, and we are specifically here interested in its different approach to nature. Secondly, we will describe his methodology in its relation to his ethnography, and here we will be specifically concerned with thinking his method as a pedagogical project involved with intercultural learning.
Art, Complexity and Sustainability in the Anthropocene
Authors: Lonie Bridie
Published: January 2022

This paper explains the thinking behind the exhibition The Complete Entanglement of Everything. The curators’ premise was that, taken as whole, the exhibition would demonstrate the emergence of an understanding of the Anthropocene as it is playing out in Ōtepoti/Dunedin, New Zealand. The term “entanglement” was drawn from Donna Haraway’s argument that the wicked problems of our present predicament will only be intelligible if we understand that categorical distinctions are a problem in themselves (Haraway 2016). While some works were didactic, others, less obvious, drew on the power that art has to enable conceptual understanding in such a way that it is experienced by each viewer as their own. The genre of conceptual art offers such experiences: theorist and art historian Gregory Minissale in The Psychology of Art characterizes it as a kind of bundling of affect, cognition and emotion that extends the development of understanding. (Minissale 2013). Curatorial projects can in themselves operate as conceptual art. The argument that culture is the fourth pillar of sustainability is strengthened when artworks are viewed as holding patterns, containers or vehicles, for emergent and complex scenarios. In that way, artworks can assist as much with ac-knowledging the forces - such as grief and the sense of impotence - that restrain us from action, as with gaining new approaches and new strength for engagement.
Digital Diversity
Authors: Kergel David
Published: January 2022

Digital teaching and learning and diversity-sensitive teaching are often researched independently. This can quickly lead to overlooking the common origin of digitization (or early Internet culture) and an emancipatory diversity-sensitive stance. Uncovering the common origin in the emancipation movements at (US) universities in the 1960s to the early 1980s allows for practical consequences for a diversity-sensitive use of digital media in educational contexts. To accomplish this, the presentation is divided into three steps. In the first step, the development of a diversity-sensitive attitude will be reconstructed, and in the second step, the development of early Internet culture. Based on this genealogical reconstruction work, a competence model for a diversity-sensitive use of digital media in educational contexts will be presented.
Self-management of complex chronic conditions: Recommendations for qualitative health communication research
Authors: Diviani Nicola , Rubinelli Sara
Published: January 2022

Background: Chronic conditions are on the rise worldwide, urging researchers to increase efforts to develop tailored self-management interventions. Theories and findings from health communication hold great potential to inform these developments, provided that the main current challenges in the field are adequately addressed. Aim: To recommend targets for research in health communication, focusing on qualitative methods, in the field of self-management of (complex) chronic conditions. Methods: A position paper based on a selective review of literature on self-management of chronic health conditions. Findings: To better support the development of tailored self-management programs, health communication research should: i) consider the existential dimension of self-management behavior; ii) recognize and address the fact that we live in an information landscape characterized by information overload and infodemic, and iii) apply qualitative methods to ensure that individuals' perspectives are fully taken into account. Discussion and conclusion: Gaining in-depth qualitative insights into the adjustment process for (complex) chronic health conditions is of mainstream importance for developing tailored communication interventions that can assist newly diagnosed individuals in integrating multiple self-management behaviors in their lives. This holds great potential to improve health outcomes for individuals and to reduce costs for society.
Brazil: the real dystopia project. Disjunctures, pandemics, and politics under Bolsonaro
Authors: Vandenberghe Frederic , Gupta Suman
Published: January 2022

Brazil under President Bolsonaro is an extreme case of multiple system failures that bring the country to the brink of collapse. It has a tremendous heuristic potential as a prefiguration of what the “post-pandemic world” could be like. It is “good to think with”. Experimentally, the article submits current events to a disjuncture analysis that gathers various perspectives and fragments into a literary montage.
Simultaneous brain, brainstem, and spinal cord pharmacological-fMRI reveals involvement of an endogenous opioid network in attentional analgesia
Authors: Oliva Valeria , Hartley-Davies Ron , Moran Rosalyn , Pickering Anthony E , Brooks Jonathan CW
Published: January 2022

Pain perception is decreased by shifting attentional focus away from a threatening event. This attentional analgesia engages parallel descending control pathways from anterior cingulate (ACC) to locus coeruleus, and ACC to periaqueductal grey (PAG) – rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), indicating possible roles for noradrenergic or opioidergic neuromodulators. To determine which pathway modulates nociceptive activity in humans, we used simultaneous whole brain-spinal cord pharmacological-fMRI (N = 39) across three sessions. Noxious thermal forearm stimulation generated somatotopic-activation of dorsal horn (DH) whose activity correlated with pain report and mirrored attentional pain modulation. Activity in an adjacent cluster reported the interaction between task and noxious stimulus. Effective connectivity analysis revealed that ACC interacts with PAG and RVM to modulate spinal cord activity. Blocking endogenous opioids with Naltrexone impairs attentional analgesia and disrupts RVM-spinal and ACC-PAG connectivity. Noradrenergic augmentation with Reboxetine did not alter attentional analgesia. Cognitive pain modulation involves opioidergic ACC-PAG-RVM descending control which suppresses spinal nociceptive activity.
The nurse experiencing intentionality as meaning in the implementation of the nursing process / O enfermeiro vivenciando a intencionalidade como significado na implementação do processo de enfermagem
Authors: Souza Júnior Deusdete Inácio de , Miranda Talita Prado Simão , Dias Paula Faria , Costa Andréia Cristina Barbosa , Mendes Maria Angélica
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: analisar significados atribuídos pelo enfermeiro na implementação do Processo de Enfermagem em Instituição Hospitalar. Método: estudo qualitativo guiado pela Análise de Conteúdo e Análise Temática fundamentado nos Referenciais: Interacionismo Simbólico e Papel Clínico do Enfermeiro; com dados coletados junto a enfermeiros por meio de Grupo Focal. Resultados: dos significados atribuídos pelo enfermeiro, emergiu o tema central “Fazendo com Intencionalidade”; entre outros significados “Viabilizando a Implementação do Processo de Enfermagem”; “Corroborando para Estabelecimento e Reconhecimento da Identidade, Cientificidade e Satisfação Profissional” e, por último “Superando Impasses”. Conclusão: mesmo diante de dificuldades, obstáculos e impasses, a vivência com a implementação do Processo de Enfermagem revelou a intencionalidade do fazer cotidiano do enfermeiro corroborando para o estabelecimento de sua identidade profissional. Este estudo poderá contribuir para estímulo e capacitação daquele que anseia trabalhar com Processo de Enfermagem.
The father’s experience in cesarean birth at the obstetric center: contributions to care / A vivência do pai no nascimento por cesariana no centro obstétrico: contribuições para a assistência
Authors: Grossi Vanessa Cristina de Vasconcelos , Zveiter Marcele , Rocha Cristiane Rodrigues da
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: descrever a vivência do pai acompanhante no processo de nascimento por cesariana no Centro Obstétrico e apontar as condições favoráveis e desfavoráveis que influenciaram neste processo. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em um Hospital Universitário de agosto a setembro de 2016 com 10 pais acompanhantes. A coleta de dados se estabeleceu por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada, submetida à análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: pela análise, emergiram duas categorias: possibilidades e limitações na vivência do pai acompanhante e aspectos emocionais no processo de nascimento, que compreenderam: os aspectos físicos da sala de cirurgia, o acolhimento e orientação da equipe multiprofissional e os sentimentos apresentados pelos pais. Conclusão: a participação do pai no parto cesárea proporciona impactos positivos ao trinômio mãe-filho-família, tornando cruciais a sua presença desde o pré-natal e a adequação física do ambiente da cesárea.
Is working memory training efficient? Effects on IQ and school performance in Brazilian children
Authors: Barbosa‐Pereira Drielle , Martins Pedro S. R. , Ferreira‐Junior Luiz Alves , da Costa Marina Freitas Alves , Paixão Janaína Paula Chaves , Costa Renato Ramalho , Saldanha‐Silva Renata , Mansur‐Alves Marcela
Published: January 2022

Working memory training (WMT) for children has received great attention in recent scientific investigations. However, evidence on program efficacy is still sparse. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a WMT software program (Programa de Ativação da Memória de Trabalho [PRAMEMT]) in promoting gains on cognitive and school related abilities. To investigate its effect, 78 school children attending 1st to 5th grades (52.6% girls; mean age = 7.87 years; SD = 1.44) were randomly allocated to a control (n = 37) or an experimental (n = 41) group. The children participated in five intervention sessions. The control group answered questions related to the same animals and themes featured in the PRAMEMT, but unrelated to working memory. The results suggested that there were gains in the performance intelligence quotient (p < .05; d = −0.54) and phonological awareness (p < .05; d = −0.52) in the experimental group; however, there was no change in overall cognitive performance. Possible mechanisms for these findings are discussed.
Derivation and Validation of Algorithms to Identify Patients With Immunoglobulin‐G4‐Related Disease Using Administrative Claims Data
Authors: Wallace Zachary S. , Fu Xiaoqing , Cook Claire , Perugino Cory A. , Zhang Yuqing , Stone John H. , Choi Hyon K.
Published: January 2022

Objective

Immunoglobulin‐G4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is a systemic autoimmune disease that can affect nearly any organ, but its epidemiology remains poorly understood. Validated algorithms to identify cases in claims data will enable studies to describe IgG4‐RD epidemiology in the general population.

Methods

Potential claims‐based algorithms were developed by IgG4‐RD experts using a combination of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD‐9) and International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD‐10) codes, dispensed medications, and procedure codes for immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass testing. Algorithms were tested using Medicare Parts A, B, and D linked to medical records (2007‐2017). Classification of cases as IgG4‐RD was determined using the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria for IgG4‐RD. We estimated the positive predictive value (PPV) of each algorithm; sensitivity was determined using a cohort of patients with IgG4‐RD also enrolled in Medicare Parts A, B, and D during the study period.

Results

We identified seven algorithms that used a combination of ICD‐9 and ICD‐10 codes, medication prescriptions, and/or IgG subclass tests to identify patients with IgG4‐RD. The PPV of algorithms in the derivation cohort ranged from 57% to 100%, and sensitivity ranged from 0% to 58%. The best performing algorithm in the validation cohort had a PPV of 81% and a sensitivity of 58%. Typical IgG4‐RD manifestations were observed in the cohort (n = 36) assembled by this algorithm, including 50% with sialadenitis, 64% with pancreatic disease, 31% with renal disease, and 59% with an elevated IgG4 concentration.

Conclusion

We derived and validated a well‐performing algorithm to identify IgG4‐RD cases with typical manifestations of the disease. The claims‐based algorithm can be used in research studies of IgG4‐RD.
Grayscale Digital Light Processing and Post‐Treatment for the Fabrication of 3D‐Printed Polymer Blends
Authors: Hergert John E. , Uzcategui A. Camila , Muralidharan Archish , Crespo-Cuevas Victor , Ferguson Virginia L. , McLeod Robert R.
Published: January 2022

3D‐printed polymer blends with programmable mechanical and compositional heterogeneity were fabricated using grayscale digital light processing by spatially modulating the intensity of light during printing and swelling the resulting part with a second monomer. A rubbery poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate functionally graded print is variably swollen with acrylamide monomer as a function of crosslinking density. Following a secondary polymerization, a 3D‐printed functionally graded blend with regions of varying composition and stiffness was formed. A deterministic model for polymer conversion informs printing conditions to correspond with predicted material properties based upon local volume fractions of the two materials. Upon the secondary polymerization, two networks are present within the printed structure including glassy and rubbery regions. The compressive moduli of local regions within prints ranges from 76 to 200 MPa and measured moduli of the structures agree with predicted values acquired using finite element analysis. A lattice structure with prescribed local stiffness printed using grayscale exposures deforms differentially when compressed. Advantageously, local dimensional deformations caused by the removal of the unreacted printing monomer are eliminated due to the introduction of the second polymer. This method provides predictive control over local mechanical properties and high shape precision while maintaining the simplicity of vat photopolymerization.
Super Adhesive MXene‐based Nanocomposite Hydrogel with Self‐Healable and Conductivity Properties via Radiation Synthesis
Authors: Hu Yang , Cui Yu , Que Xueyan , Zhang Zeyu , Peng Jing , Li Jiuqiang , Zhai Maolin
Published: January 2022

Functional adhesive hydrogels have attracted tremendous attention due to their versatile potential applications in electronic skins and biomedical engineering. MXenes are emerging 2D materials that promised to be attractive ideal candidates as nanofillers for nanocomposite hydrogels. Herein, a super adhesive MXene‐based nanocomposite hydrogel with self‐healable and conductivity properties is successfully fabricated via a one‐step γ‐radiation polymerization of 2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets with ultralow contents serve as a crosslinking agent and functional nanofiller simultaneously. It is found that Ti3C2Tx not only plays an important role in the formation of uniform polymer network structure, but also improves the mechanical strength, conductivity, and adhesive properties of composite hydrogels significantly. The Ti3C2Tx/poly(2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) nanocomposite hydrogel exhibits an ionic conductivity of 1.6 mS cm−1, and a super adhesive strength of 5041 kPa to the copper substrate. The resultant hydrogel also exhibits fast automatic self‐healing ability due to the hydrogen bonds between Ti3C2Tx and PDMAEMA chains. This work provides a new method to synthesize the robust MXene‐based environmentally sensitive nanocomposite adhesive hydrogels.
Recent Progress on N‐heterocyclic Carbene Catalysts in Chemical Fixation of CO2
Authors: Chen Peibo , Xiong Tingkai , Pan Yingming , Liang Ying
Published: January 2022

N‐heterocyclic carbene and related complexes are a class of catalysts with excellent catalytic activity which are widely used in the chemical fixation of carbon dioxide. This review focuses on the application of a carbene‐metal catalytic system, carbene‐free‐metal catalytic system and synergistic catalytic technology of various technologies in the conversion of carbon dioxide. The possible role of carbene materials in chemical carbon fixation is discussed by analyzing several types of typical chemical carbon fixation mechanisms.
The ontogeny of knuckle‐walking and dorsal metacarpal ridge prominence in chimpanzees
Authors: Sarringhaus Lauren , Mitani John C. , MacLatchy Laura M.
Published: January 2022

Objectives

This study examines the sensitivity of the development of the dorsal metacarpal ridge (DMR) to the frequency of knuckle‐walking during ontogeny in chimpanzees, and compares the prevalence and prominence of the DMR in hominoids and baboons.

Materials and Methods

We characterized the type and frequency of quadrupedalism of wild chimpanzees of different ages from the Ngogo community, Uganda. Using museum specimens, we quantified third metacarpal DMR angle and height in Pan individuals of different developmental stages, and in adult Gorilla, Pongo, Hylobates, and Papio.

Results

When terrestrial, all quadrupedalism consisted of knuckle‐walking, although older individuals knuckle‐walked more than younger. The total amount of quadrupedalism engaged in by different age groups while arboreal was consistent; however, knuckle usage while arboreally quadrupedal increased with age. The DMR ridge did not emerge in Pan until older infancy, after the onset of knuckle‐walking, and reached prominence by the juvenile stage. The DMR angle increased significantly after juvenility but relative height did not. Adult Pan and Gorilla have more prevalent and prominent DMRs than Papio; the DMR was rare in Pongo and absent in Hylobates.

Discussion

The timing of development of the DMR in chimpanzees supports it as a knuckle walking character, as does its occurrence in gorillas, and virtual absence in suspensory orangutans and gibbons. The DMR in baboons differs in appearance and frequency from DMRs in African apes, and so differentiates knuckle‐walking from digitigrady in catarrhines. The relationship between the DMR and loading of a vertical hand while terrestrial deserves further study.
Plasma‐Induced Nanocrystalline Domain Engineering and Surface Passivation in Mesoporous Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
Authors: Ashok Aditya , Vasanth Arya , Nagaura Tomota , Eguchi Miharu , Motta Nunzio , Phan Hoang‐Phuong , Nguyen Nam‐Trung , Shapter Joseph G. , Na Jongbeom , Yamauchi Yusuke
Published: January 2022

The synthesis of highly crystalline mesoporous materials is key to realizing high‐performance chemical and biological sensors and optoelectronics. However, minimizing surface oxidation and enhancing the domain size without affecting the porous nanoarchitecture are daunting challenges. Herein, we report a hybrid technique that combines bottom‐up electrochemical growth with top‐down plasma treatment to produce mesoporous semiconductors with large crystalline domain sizes and excellent surface passivation. By passivating unsaturated bonds without incorporating any chemical or physical layers, these films show better stability and enhancement in the optoelectronic properties of mesoporous copper telluride (CuTe) with different pore diameters. These results provide exciting opportunities for the development of long‐term, stable, and high‐performance mesoporous semiconductor materials for future technologies.
Intercalation‐Activated Layered MoO3 Nanobelts as Biodegradable Nanozymes for Tumor‐Specific Photo‐Enhanced Catalytic Therapy
Authors: Zhou Zhan , Wang Yanlong , Peng Feng , Meng Fanqi , Zha Jiajia , Ma Lu , Du Yonghua , Peng Na , Ma Lufang , Zhang Qinghua , Gu Lin , Yin Wenyan , Gu Zhanjun , Tan Chaoliang
Published: January 2022

The existence of natural van der Waals gaps in layered materials allows them to be easily intercalated with varying guest species, offering an appealing strategy to optimize their physicochemical properties and application performance. Herein, we report the activation of layered MoO3 nanobelts via aqueous intercalation as an efficient biodegradable nanozyme for tumor‐specific photo‐enhanced catalytic therapy. The long MoO3 nanobelts are grinded and then intercalated with Na+ and H2O to obtain the short Na+/H2O co‐intercalated MoO3−x (NH−MoO3−x) nanobelts. In contrast to the inert MoO3 nanobelts, the NH−MoO3−x nanobelts exhibit excellent enzyme‐mimicking catalytic activity for generation of reactive oxygen species, which can be further enhanced by the photothermal effect under a 1064 nm laser irradiation. Thus, after bovine serum albumin modification, the NH−MoO3−x nanobelts can efficiently kill cancer cells in vitro and eliminate tumors in vivo facilitating with 1064 nm laser irradiation.
Dissection of Light‐Induced Charge Accumulation at a Highly Active Iron Porphyrin: Insights in the Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Pugliese Eva , Gotico Philipp , Wehrung Iris , Boitrel Bernard , Quaranta Annamaria , Ha‐Thi Minh‐Huong , Pino Thomas , Sircoglou Marie , Leibl Winfried , Halime Zakaria , Aukauloo Ally
Published: January 2022

Iron porphyrins are among the best molecular catalysts for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction. Powering these catalysts with the help of photosensitizers comes along with a couple of unsolved challenges that need to be addressed with much vigor. We have designed an iron porphyrin catalyst decorated with urea functions (UrFe) acting as a multipoint hydrogen bonding scaffold towards the CO2 substrate. We found a spectacular photocatalytic activity reaching unreported TONs and TOFs as high as 7270 and 3720 h−1, respectively. While the Fe0 redox state has been widely accepted as the catalytically active species, we show here that the FeI species is already involved in the CO2 activation, which represents the rate‐determining step in the photocatalytic cycle. The urea functions help to dock the CO2 upon photocatalysis. DFT calculations bring support to our experimental findings that constitute a new paradigm in the catalytic reduction of CO2.
Advance modification of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers for enhanced removal of hexavalent chromium from water
Authors: Sharafoddinzadeh Donya , Salehi Maryam , Jansone‐Popova Santa , Herath Amali , Bhattacharjee Linkon
Published: January 2022

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a known carcinogenic and mutagenic heavy metal. Its level in drinking water is regulated worldwide to protect public health. This study presents a novel chemical method to modify the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers for efficient Cr(VI) removal from water. The PAN nanofibers with an average diameter of 165 nm are produced using the electrospinning technique. Through a 2‐step chemical modification process, the amidine polyacrylonitrile (APAN) nanofibers are synthesized by the conversion of nitrile groups [CN] in PAN nanofibers into amidines [C(N═NH)(NH2)]. The attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the successful conversion of nitrile groups into amidoximes, resulting in amidoximated polyacrylonitrile nanofibers, and subsequent conversion into amidine functional groups, forming the APAN nanofibers. Greater concentration of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, increased reaction time and temperature yielded higher conversion of nitrile groups into amidoximes to a maximum of 37%. The Cr(VI) uptake by APAN nanofibers was found as a multilayer adsorption process modeled by Freundlich isotherm. The maximum Langmuir Cr(VI) adsorption capacity for APAN nanofibers was found as 225 mg g−1 at pH = 3.0 after 4.0 h exposure duration. The regeneration study revealed the excellent reusability of APAN nanofibers after five adsorption/desorption cycles.
Antibodies to Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Are Pathogenic in Mice and May Be Clinically Relevant in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ge Changrong , Tong Dongmei , Lönnblom Erik , Liang Bibo , Cai Weiwei , Fahlquist‐Hagert Cecilia , Li Taotao , Kastbom Alf , Gjertsson Inger , Dobritzsch Doreen , Holmdahl Rikard
Published: January 2022

Objective

Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is an autoantigen in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and experimental models of arthritis. This study was undertaken to investigate the structure, function, and relevance of anti‐COMP antibodies.

Methods

We investigated the pathogenicity of monoclonal anti‐COMP antibodies in mice using passive transfer experiments, and we explored the interaction of anti‐COMP antibodies with cartilage using immunohistochemical staining. The interaction of the monoclonal antibody 15A11 in complex with its specific COMP epitope P6 was determined by x‐ray crystallography. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and a surface plasma resonance technique were used to study the modulation of calcium ion binding to 15A11. The clinical relevance and value of serum IgG specific to the COMP P6 epitope and its citrullinated variants were evaluated in a large Swedish cohort of RA patients.

Results

The murine monoclonal anti‐COMP antibody 15A11 induced arthritis in naive mice. The crystal structure of the 15A11–P6 complex explained how the antibody could bind to COMP, which can be modulated by calcium ions. Moreover, serum IgG specific to the COMP P6 peptide and its citrullinated variants was detectable at significantly higher levels in RA patients compared to healthy controls and correlated with a higher disease activity score.

Conclusion

Our findings provide the structural basis for binding a pathogenic anti‐COMP antibody to cartilage. The recognized epitope can be citrullinated, and levels of antibodies to this epitope are elevated in RA patients and correlate with higher disease activity, implicating a pathogenic role of anti‐COMP antibodies in a subset of RA patients.
Heteroscedasticity test of high‐frequency data with jumps and market microstructure noise
Authors: Liu Qiang , Liu Zhi , Zhang Chuanhai
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we are interested in testing whether the volatility process is constant or not during a given time span by using high‐frequency data with the presence of jumps and market microstructure noise. Based on estimators of integrated volatility and spot volatility, we propose a nonparametric procedure to depict the discrepancy between local variation and global variation. We show that our proposed test statistic converges to a standard normal distribution if the volatility is constant, and diverges to infinity otherwise. Simulation studies verify the theoretical results and show a good finite sample performance of the test procedure. We also apply our test procedure to some real high‐frequency financial datasets. We observe that in almost half of the days tested, the assumption of constant volatility within a day is violated. And this is due to that the stock prices in the periods near the opening and closing are highly volatile and account for a relatively large proportion of intraday variation.
Attention to live eye contact in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Kikuchi Yukiko , Akechi Hironori , Senju Atsushi , Tojo Yoshikuni , Osanai Hiroo , Saito Atsuko , Hasegawa Toshikazu
Published: January 2022

A number of studies have reported diminished attention to the eyes in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These studies predominantly used static images of faces as stimuli. Recent studies, however, have shown enhanced response to eye contact in typically developing (TD) individuals when they observe a person in a live interaction. We investigated physiological orienting to perceived eye contact in adolescents with ASD and TD adolescents when they observed a person in live interaction or viewed a photograph of the same person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) deceleration as an index of attentional orienting. Adolescents with ASD, as well as TD adolescents, showed significant HR deceleration for the direct gaze compared to an averted gaze in the live condition, but not in the photographic condition. The results suggest an intact response to perceived eye contact in individuals with ASD during a live face‐to‐face interaction.

Lay Summary

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a different eye gaze pattern when observing photographic faces. However, little is known about how individuals with ASD process a real person's face. We measured heart rate (HR) and found that adolescents with ASD showed the typical decline in HR when they made eye contact with a real person, which suggests that both groups of individuals directed their attention to eye contact in a live face‐to‐face interaction.
Capabilities for circularity: Overcoming challenges to turn waste into a resource
Authors: Wade Belinda , Meath Cristyn , Griffiths Andrew
Published: January 2022

Although designing out waste is a core principle of the circular economy, in established companies, waste may not easily be designed out requiring innovation to develop alternative, value creating, uses for the waste material. This article presents a longitudinal, empirical study of the SME Rock Trade Industries, a company focused on sustainability in the quarrying sector, seeking to achieve zero waste of their extracted resource. Capabilities enabling the creation of products from the company's waste are examined through qualitative analysis, within established categories of sensing, seizing and reconfiguration. Our research highlights the importance of capabilities in innovation, experimentation, research and development, and stakeholder connections in reconceptualising waste as a resource. Presenting a model of the capability development over time, we proposed the strength of the desire to create change combined with the deviation of the desired change from the marketplace determine the set of dynamic capabilities required.
Atomic force spectroscopy‐based essay to evaluate oocyte postovulatory aging
Authors: Battistella Alice , Andolfi Laura , Zanetti Michele , Dal Zilio Simone , Stebel Marco , Ricci Giuseppe , Lazzarino Marco
Published: January 2022

Postovulatory aging is a process occurring in the mature (MII) oocyte leading the unfertilized ones to apoptosis. The optimal time window of fertility for different mammalian species after oocytes maturation depends on its timeliness: the higher the time elapsed from the accomplishment of the MII stage, the lower are the chances of fertilization and of development of a viable embryo. In the in vitro fertilization, the selection of competent oocytes for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is mostly made by the visual inspection of the MII oocyte morphology, which does not allow to determine the oocyte postovulatory age. On the other hand, more specific tests usually involve some kind of staining, thus compromising the viability of the oocyte for reproductive purposes. Hence, the need of a noninvasive analysis of oocyte aging to improve the success rate of in vitro fertilization procedures. Here, we exploit atomic force microscopy to examine the evolution of the mechanical properties of mouse oocytes during in vitro postovulatory aging. Three hours before the occurrence of any visual morphological feature related to degradation, we observe a sudden change of the mechanical parameters: the elastic modulus doubles its initial value, while the viscosity decreases significantly. These mechanical variations are temporally correlated with the release of the cortical granules, investigated by fluorescence microscopy. Interestingly, the oocyte mechanics correlates as well with the yield of embryo formation, evaluated up to the blastocyst formation stage. These results demonstrate that minimally invasive mechanical measurements are very sensitive to the aging of the oocyte and can be used as a label‐free method to detect the age of the postovulatory oocytes.
Photo‐Cross‐Linking between BrU and Pyrene Residues in an RNA/DNA Hybrid
Authors: Tashiro Ryu , Yum Ji Hye , Park Soyoung , Sugiyama Hiroshi
Published: January 2022

In this study, we investigated the photoreaction of BrU in a pyrene‐labeled DNA duplex, RNA duplex, and DNA/RNA hybrids. We found that the photoreactivity of BrU changed dramatically from hydrogen abstraction to cross‐linking by changing the conformation of the duplex from the B‐form to the A‐form. Among three A‐form structures, the largest amount of cross‐linked products was observed when BrU was incorporated into the RNA strand and the pyrene was conjugated to the 5′ end of the DNA. These results indicate that the contact manner of pyrene was different between A‐ and B‐form duplexes. This is a rare example of the use of the reactivity of bromouracil to analyze the contact between a small molecule with a weak binding affinity and a nucleic acid.
Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles with Antibacterial Properties Using Terminalia catappa Leaf Extract
Authors: Azimpanah Razieh , Solati Zahra , Hashemi Majid
Published: January 2022

In order to develop alternative drugs against resistant pathogens, capped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using Terminalia catappa leaf extract. By changes in pH and aging time, cauliflower‐like, sheet‐like, and hierarchical morphologies for ZnO NPs were obtained. Their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were investigated. The results demonstrated that the green synthesized ZnO NPs exhibit higher antibacterial activity than chemically prepared ZnO NPs. The antibacterial activity of hierarchical ZnO NPs was greater than that of the other morphologies, which was attributed to the higher oxygen vacancy in ZnO NPs leading to enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The mechanism of the formation of ZnO nanocrystals was also discussed.
Cross‐talk Between (Hydrogen)Sulfite and Metalloproteins: Impact on Human Health
Authors: Maiti Biplab K
Published: January 2022

Sulfite is a potent toxic substance causing harm to multi‐organ in human. Despite toxicity, it is widely used as preservative, anti‐browning and anti‐oxidant in foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals, which cause easy admission of sulfite in human. Sulfite is also produced endogenously during the catabolism of cysteine and methionine. In vivo, the serum sulfite level at physiological range is strictly maintained by a molybdenum dependent sulfite oxidase (SO), which catalyzes sulfite to sulfate oxidation via a two‐electron oxidation pathway. The loss of SO activity causes high serum sulfite level that fosters several diseases, including asthma, neurological dysfunction, birth defects, and heart diseases. The cytotoxicity of (bi)sulfite is implicated as sulfite radicals, which are generated by mainly heme‐peroxidases via a one‐electron oxidation pathway. On the other hand, the toxic sulfite radicals are neutralized to sulfite by heme‐globins. The enzymatic reduction of sulfite to sulfide is catalyzed by sulfite reductase, which contains an unusual metal cofactor, siroheme‐[4Fe4S]‐cluster. Overall, the interaction of sulfite with various metalloproteins in vivo is a close relation with human health. Therefore, this review describes the metabolic conversion of (bi)sulfite to sulfate, sulfite radical or sulfide via oxidation or reduction pathways by various metalloproteins (specially SOs, peroxidases, heme‐globins, and sulfite reductases), and the potential applications of sulfite in biosensors/biofuel cells, anti‐browning, and advance oxidation process.
Strengthening of the C−F Bond in Fumaryl Fluoride with Superacids
Authors: Bayer Marie C. , Kremser Christoph , Jessen Christoph , Nitzer Alexander , Kornath Andreas J.
Published: January 2022

The reaction of fumaryl fluoride with the superacidic solutions XF/MF5 (X=H, D; M=As, Sb) results in the formation of the monoprotonated and diprotonated species, dependent on the stoichiometric ratio of the Lewis acid to fumaryl fluoride. The salts [C4H3F2O2]+[MF6]− (M=As, Sb) and [C4H2X2F2O2]2+([MF6]−)2 (X=H, D; M=As, Sb) are the first examples with a protonated acyl fluoride moiety. They were characterized by low‐temperature vibrational spectroscopy. Low‐temperature NMR spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray structure analyses were carried out for [C4H3F2O2]+[SbF6]− as well as for [C4H4F2O2]2+([MF6]−)2 (M=As, Sb). The experimental results are discussed together with quantum chemical calculations of the cations [C4H4F2O2 ⋅ 2 HF]2+ and [C4H3F2O2 ⋅ HF]+ at the B3LYP/aug‐cc‐pVTZ level of theory. In addition, electrostatic potential (ESP) maps combined with natural population analysis (NPA) charges were calculated in order to investigate the electron distribution and the charge‐related properties of the diprotonated species. The C−F bond lengths in the protonated dication are considerably reduced on account of the +R effect.
Engaging Yne‐Allenes in Cycloaddition Reactions: Recent Developments
Authors: Wang Jia‐Yin , Hao Wen‐Juan , Tu Shu‐Jiang , Jiang Bo
Published: January 2022

Comprehensive Summary

Yne‐allenes bearing both a C—C triple bond and an allene unit are a class of focal substrates in organic synthesis, in view of their structure diversity, high reactivity and intermediate variety in the past years. Engaging yne‐allenes in numerous annulation cascades provides efficient and direct accesses to elaborate functionalized polycyclic molecular architectures in a convergent manner. There are lots of types of catalytic chemical reactions such as intramolecular cyclizations, cycloisomerizations, intermolecular annulations, and bicyclizations as well as tricyclizations with the assistance of Lewis acids, Brønsted acids, bases, transition metals, and other catalysts. This review provides an overview of the chemistry developed with transformations of yne‐allenes by discussing their general and specific reactivities, presenting and commenting on their mechanisms as well as their applications.
Unravelling the Structural Development of Peptide‐Coordinated Iron‐Sulfur Clusters: Prebiotic Evolution and Biosynthetic Strategies
Authors: Dong Yijun , Zhang Siqi , Zhao Liang
Published: January 2022

Comprehensive Summary

Iron‐sulfur (Fe‐S) proteins are among the most common type of natural metalloproteins that participate in a large range of key metabolic processes. To date, enormous research works on the exploration of protein structures and catalytic mechanisms have revealed that the active sites are generally composed of a Fe‐S cluster and a highly conserved coordination environment. Accordingly, people are enlightened by the prebiotic evolution of ancient clusters and are dedicated to the development of biosynthetic methods for modern clusters. This review aims to systemically summarize the structural development of peptide‐coordinated iron‐sulfur clusters from two perspectives: “bottom‐up” approaches involving evolution of prebiotic chemical synthesis for natural proteins and “top‐down” analyses of biosynthesis in modern biological systems for artificial metalloproteins. Moreover, current challenges and the direction of future development are also presented to provide new perspectives of developing enzyme mimics and further mechanistic studies.
Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Assay for Label‐Free Characterization of SULT2B1b Enzyme Kinetics
Authors: Kulathunga Samadhi C. , Morato Nicolás M. , Zhou Qing , Cooks R. Graham , Mesecar Andrew D.
Published: January 2022

The sulfotransferase (SULT) 2B1b, which catalyzes the sulfonation of 3β‐hydroxysteroids, has been identified as a potential target for prostate cancer treatment. However, a major limitation for SULT2B1b‐targeted drug discovery is the lack of robust assays compatible with high‐throughput screening and inconsistency in reported kinetic data. For this reason, we developed a novel label‐free assay based on high‐throughput (>1 Hz) desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI‐MS) for the direct quantitation of the sulfoconjugated product (CV<10 %; <1 ng analyte). The performance of this DESI‐based assay was compared against a new fluorometric coupled‐enzyme method that we also developed. Both methodologies provided consistent kinetic data for the reaction of SULT2B1b with its major substrates, indicating the affinity trend pregnenolone>DHEA>cholesterol, for both the phospho‐mimetic and wild‐type SULT2B1b forms. The novel DESI‐MS assay developed here is likely generalizable to other drug discovery efforts and is particularly promising for identification of SULT2B1b inhibitors with potential as prostate cancer therapeutics.
Hydrogen Bonding‐Based Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly of Nature‐Derived Eggshell Membrane Hydrolysates and Coffee Melanoidins in Single‐Cell Nanoencapsulation
Authors: Han Sang Yeong , Yun Gyeongwon , Nguyen Duc Tai , Kang Eunhye K. , Lee Hojae , Kim Seulbi , Kim Beom Jin , Park Ji Hun , Choi Insung S.
Published: January 2022

Single‐cell nanoencapsulation (SCNE), a chemical strategy for sustaining the structure and functions of viable cells, strictly requires, for creation of cell‐in‐shell structures, materials that are extremely compatible with chemically labile cells. In this study, we propose the utilization of eggshell membrane hydrolysates (ESMHs) and coffee melanoidins (CMs) derived from food waste—eggshells and spent coffee grounds, respectively—as layer‐by‐layer (LbL) components. Hydrogen bonding‐based LbL construction of nanoshells on Saccharomyces cerevisiae proves greatly biocompatible, not harming the cells (viability > 99%). The ESMH/CM films are durable in a wide range of pH values and effectively protect the encapsulated cells from lethal heavy metals (Cd2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) and UV‐B irradiation. The Fe3+‐mediated shell cross‐linking augments the ESMH/CM shell's durability and cytoprotectability. The natural ESMHs and CMs will add to the biomaterial arsenal for a multitude of applications that involve the interfacing of living cells and materials.
Generalized TAP Free Energy
Authors: Chen Wei‐Kuo , Panchenko Dmitry , Subag Eliran
Published: January 2022

We consider the mixed p‐spin mean‐field spin glass model with Ising spins and investigate its free energy in the spirit of the TAP approach, named after Thouless, Anderson, and Palmer [67]. More precisely, we define and compute the generalized TAP correction, and establish the corresponding generalized TAP representation for the free energy. In connection with physicists’ replica theory, we introduce the notion of generalized TAP states, which are the maximizers of the generalized TAP free energy, and show that their order parameters match the order parameter of the ancestor states in the Parisi ansatz. We compute the critical point equations of the TAP free energy that generalize the classical TAP equations for pure states. Furthermore, we give an exact description of the region where the generalized TAP correction is replica symmetric, in which case it coincides with the classical TAP correction, and show that Plefka's condition is necessary for this to happen. In particular, our result shows that the generalized TAP correction is not always replica symmetric on the points corresponding to the Edwards‐Anderson parameter. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Corporate social responsibility performance evaluation from the perspective of stakeholder heterogeneity based on fuzzy analytical hierarchy process integrated TOPSIS
Authors: Yi Liqi , Li Tao , Wang Xiangyi , Ge Gentana , Zhang Ting
Published: January 2022

The effective evaluation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance is the basis for stakeholders to understand the level of CSR fulfillment, which is further conducive to the sustainable development of society. Due to the heterogeneity of stakeholders, different stakeholders usually have different emphasis on CSR. However, the previous studies on CSR performance evaluation have neglected the different preferences of stakeholders for CSR, and fails to deeply analyze the risk and potential of CSR. In order to solve the above problems, an internal type‐2 trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (IT2TrFN)—analytical hierarchy process based TOPSIS evaluation framework is established in this paper which considering the heterogeneity of stakeholders in the fuzzy environment. Following that, via the comparative analysis of specific‐stakeholder and overall‐stakeholder, the underlying risk and potential of CSR for different stakeholders are identified for the first time. In addition, this paper conducts empirically research on the CSR of Chinese listed companies in 2017–2018 from the perspective of six types of enterprise stakeholders. Finally, this article enriches the existing CSR evaluation method and theory.
Political embeddedness and the adoption of environmental management practices: The mediating effects of institutional pressures
Authors: Nguyen Hang Thu , Vu Tra Thi Dan , Nguyen Hiep Manh , Troege Michael
Published: January 2022

We examine the effect of political embeddedness on environmental management practices and identify different channels for this relationship. We find that politically embedded firms are less exposed to coercive pressure, but have higher normative and mimetic pressures to engage in environmental management. Additionally, normative and mimetic pressures are higher for firms operating in a more competitive market, whereas oligopolistic firms are subject to higher coercive pressure. Our findings support both legitimacy theory which argues that political embeddedness shields firms from environmental regulations, as well as control‐based theories arguing that politically embedded firms should perform better in environmental management. We also demonstrate that market‐based incentives are especially important to induce politically embedded firms to adopt environmental practices when regulatory pressure does not work well.
Verbascoside enhances radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through regulating miR‐101‐3p/Wee1 axis
Authors: Sun Lin , Cai Huangxing , Zhou Tengchao , Xiang Hua , Long Lin
Published: January 2022

Verbascoside is a kind of phenylpropanoid glycoside derived from multiple medicinal plants, exerting anti‐tumor effects in diverse human malignancies. However, the function of Verbascoside on the radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells remains unknown. Human Huh7 and HepG2 cell lines were treated with Verbascosideis, and cell viability was detected with cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was applied to detect miR‐101‐3p expression, and Western blot was used to quantify the expression of WEE1 G2 checkpoint kinase (WEE1). Then, CCK‐8 and flow cytometry assays were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of HCC cells after Verbascoside and X‐ray combined treatment, and the expressions of WEE1 and apoptosis‐related proteins Bax and Bcl‐2 were detected by Western blot. Verbascoside could improve the radiosensitivity of HCC cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Verbascoside increased the expression of miR‐101‐3p but reduced WEE1 expression in HCC cells. Additionally, WEE1 was identified as a target of miR‐101‐3p. MiR‐101‐3p inhibition or WEE1 overexpression could reverse the effect of Verbascoside on the viability and apoptosis of HCC cells. Verbascoside increases the radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via modulating miR‐101‐3p/WEE1 axis.