bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pożegnalny podarunek dla prof. Juliana Talko-Hryncewicza w zbiorach Muzeum Narodowego w Krakowie
Authors: Paś Monika
Published: January 2022

Julian Talko-Hryncewicz (1850–1936) was a Polish physician, anthropologist and ethnographer. At the beginning of the 1890s, he took the position of a district physician in Troitskosavsk in the Transbaikal region. During his stay there, in addition to his medical practice, Talko-Hryncewicz conducted anthropological research and excavations in Siberia. At that time, along with some educated inhabitants of Kyakhta, he founded the local Department of the Imperial Geographical Society. This article discusses a gift donated to him by members of the Troitskosavsko-Kyakhtinsky Department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society in Saint Petersburg in recognition of his work for the local community. The gift consisted of a diploma (so-called “address”) in a decorative binding and a luxurious document folder inserted into an imposing case. It was handed to Talko-Hryncewicz on April 29, 1908. The reason for the gift was his departure for Kraków where he was to take the chair of anthropology at the Jagiellonian University. In 1932 the new owner then donated the gift be added to the collection of the National Museum in Kraków. It is currently stored in the Department of Decorative Art and Material Culture.
Nieosądzona i nieukarana operacyjna oraz pospolita przestępczość funkcjonariuszy Służby Bezpieczeństwa. Glosa do problemu
Authors: Brynkus Józef
Published: January 2022

The apparatus of repression in People’s Poland, including the security services, employed illegalmethods also from the point of view of the contemporary law applicable to its functionaries.Unfortunately, today such activities are oft en considered justifi ed due to the so-called servicethat the security services (UB, SB) rendered for communist Poland. The article presents selectedcases of this criminal activity, which included invading the privacy of correspondence, practicingblackmail by the use of compromising materials (for example, regarding the person’s sexualpreferences), and oft en combined with intimidation, cessation of investigation proceedingsinvolving off enders, as well as tolerance of protection, nepotism, and alcoholism in the innercircles. While the legal assessment of these activities is challenging, their historical evaluationought to be easy.
Green Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles and their Application of Removal of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons from Crude Oil
Authors: Sadaa Ahmed Makki , Al Abdullah Zainab Taha
Published: January 2022

Nickel nanoparticles (Ni-nanoparticles) were incorporated as an antecedent utilizing nickel acetate and as a reducing agent, extraction plantApiumgraveolens.  The reason  fo choosing  this plant over many other is because it is easily accessible, carries many antioxidants,  non-toxic, and there are no dangerous residues and stabilizing agent at 60℃ under stirrer. The progress of the reaction was monitored  by observing a change in color of the obtained solution. The UV–Vis utilized to screen the development of Ni-nanoparticles inside a surface  plasmon band (SPB) at 275 nm gives a phantom mark appropriate to the arrangement of nanoparticles. Examining the electron microscope  (SEM) photos  showed  the  Ni-nanoparticles to be of cubic shape with sizes in te range of  (6-45 nm). GC-MS s spectra were utilized to show the debasement when the expansion of nickel nanoparticles. The most noteworthy accessibility of aliphatic mixes at the hour of (1.3, 1.46, 1.62, 12.04) min. In the interim after the expansion of nanoparticle, the outcomes show a high bounty at (1.29, 2.1) min. The importance of this research lies in the possibility of breaking large organic compounds into simpler compounds, as the presence of large organic compounds with high molecular weights leads to pollution of sea and ocean waters when poured into it as a result of sea transport.
Lo global y lo local. Contexto que considerar para el diseño de políticas públicas y del sistema alimentario
Authors: Trautmann María Luz
Published: January 2022

De acuerdo con los trabajos de la FAO se puede constatar que ya desde antes de la pandemia existían indicios de una crisis alimentaria a escala global. Partiendo de esa tesis este artículo pretende proponer medidas de políticas públicas a nivel comunal que cumplan el doble objetivo de aportar a una transición hacia un sistema social solidario y sostenible, las cuales cobran especial relevancia en el marco de los valores propuestos por el movimiento por la soberanía alimentaria.
Martí y Freire: Formación humana y emancipación. Experiencias desde la educación médica cubana
Authors: Medina Borges Rosa María , Rodríguez Sánchez Yuleiky , Reinoso Cápiro Carmen Bárbara
Published: January 2022

La presente sistematización expone una experiencia político-pedagógica relevante en el peculiar contexto de la educación médica cubana. Se basa en el análisis documental y la articulación de un diálogo crítico entre la obra de dos grandes pedagogos y humanistas latinoamericanos: Paulo Freire y José Martí, fundamentos que sustentan las prácticas pedagógicas aplicadas. A pesar de las distancias cronológicas, en ambos existe el propósito de convertir la educación en un profundo proceso de formación humana emancipatoria. El programa educativo para la formación humana fue concebido y aplicado en la Universidad Médica de La Habana durante los años 2013-2020. El estudio de las concepciones pedagógicas martianas y freirianas permitió asumir nuevos enfoques más allá de la propuesta inicial, desde un posicionamiento epistemológico experiencial que sustenta reexiones teóricas sobre la formación humana de dichos profesionales. Los resultados más signicativos descansan en los espacios novedosos para la expresión de la voz de los(as)estudiantes, el mejoramiento de la comunicación grupal e interpersonal mediante nuevas formas de interacción y el compromiso implicado con las comunidades.
Sustentabilidad, agua y salud: Incidencia y prevalencia epidemiológica del COVID-19 en asociación con la crisis hídrica en el Estado de Morelos, México
Authors: Luna Nemecio Josmanuel , Blancas Reza Miguel Ángel , Davides Oliveira Ricardo
Published: January 2022

En el estudio se presentó la asociación territorial entre la crisis hídrica del estado de Morelos y el perfil epidemiológico del COVID-19 en la entidad.  El propósito que se estableció como finalidad de la investigación fue conocer cómo la situación crítica del metabolismo hídrico en Morelos ha devenido en un colapso de los recursos hídricos subterráneos, lo cual es tomado como un factor objetivo que se relaciona, mediante los procesos de urbanización de la entidad, con los casos confirmados de COVID-19 registrados entre el 19 de marzo y el 11 de junio del 2020. La metodología se basó en una revisión documental, la elaboración de un balance hídrico geoespacial, el cálculo de la prevalencia e incidencia epidemiológica del COVID-19 en Morelos, y el uso de sistemas de informacion geografíca para el procesamiento cartográfico de la información. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron un abordaje teórico conceptual de la crisis hídrica y de producción socioterritorial de enfermedades desde la crítica de la economía política y la geografía crítica marxista; además, se presentaron los datos sobre la crisis hídrica que se configura en los acuíferos del estado de Morelos, así como el perfíl epidemiológico del COVID-19 en la entidad, lo cual permitió concluir que la reconfiguración urbana e industrial de Morelos es el factor territorial mediante el cual se relaciona la crisis hídrica y el número de casos de contagio del COVID-19.
Producción de espacio en la localidad de San Pedro de Atacama a partir de un análisis sobre su distribución de agua y gobernanza.
Authors: Gómez-Maury Oscar
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo aborda la relación entre la distribución del agua y la gobernanza como elementos que permiten una aproximación al análisis de la producción de espacio en la localidad de San Pedro de Atacama de la región de Antofagasta, Chile. Lo anterior parte por un esquema metodológico de orden cualitativo, el cual se detiene en las formas materiales de su distribución (canales de regadío) y formas de organización sociopolítica, que han dado luz verde a la regulación de diversos usos a través de una paulatina evolución de su aparataje normativo, hecho que relaciona los intereses de diversos actores sociales (Indígenas, campesinos, agentes estatales, entre otros) en el marco de los derechos de aprovechamiento de fuentes hídricas. Esto posibilita sustentar la idea de la existencia de una “transformación de conflictos” por el agua en el territorio.
Modernizaciones socioterritoriales en la Región de O’Higgins:Transiciones productivas en el espacio rural.
Authors: Olea-Peñaloza Jorge Manuel , Baeza Rivas Fernando
Published: January 2022

El siguiente artículo busca caracterizar la trayectoria de la agroindustria en la región de O´Higgins, fundamentalmente la fruticultura, en las últimas tres décadas. A través del análisis de cuatro dimensiones: producción, empleo, ingresos y uso de la tierra y el agua, se intenta establecer una diferenciación interna, que nos permite reconocer una segunda etapa en la modernización productiva posterior a la Reforma Agraria. En líneas generales, se ha planteado la existencia de un proceso de intensificación en los cultivos a partir de la instalación de nuevas especies y el uso de más y mejores tecnologías. Este análisis se realiza a través del trabajo cuantitativo de bases de datos sociales y productivas, así como la elaboración de cartografías que permiten observar dicho proceso. Conjuntamente, se reflexiona en torno a la configuración del espacio rural en la región, relevando la tensión entre los elementos que se mantienen en relación con los que se van transformando. De esta manera, se logra identificar una segunda etapa, cuyas características principales está en su heterogeneidad espacial, es decir, que no afecta a todo el territorio de la misma manera, así como el despliegue de nuevos cultivos y mejoras técnicas van acompañadas de la mantención de viejas estructuras en la producción agroindustrial de la región.
Egiar Aldizkaria
Authors: Perez Goiri Iker , Pavo Cuadrado David
Published: January 2022

Egiar Aldizkaria es un proyecto editorial de revista de arte desarrollado en el contexto cultural del País Vasco, que trabaja en el tándem creación-investigación, a partir de las relaciones que se establecen entre imagen y texto como intereses fundamentales. Se desarrolla, en el siguiente artículo, la experiencia editorial con cinco números publicados hasta la fecha (2016-2020). Se aborda esta andadura desde la labor coordinadora y gestora de los componentes del Equipo Editorial, responsables de una tarea en la que el trabajo de edición –como en la práctica de taller– viene determinado desde el objetivo de dar sustento estructural, y por tanto, definición estética, al resultado. La singularidad de la propuesta editorial atiende a un saber que se concibe específico del arte, produciendo un espacio de trabajo vertebrado por la sensibilidad plástico-estética, en el marco creador e investigador, que posibilita su difusión. Se trata, en definitiva, la experiencia editorial de Egiar Aldizkaria, desde su proceso constitutivo interno y abordando su evolución y resultados.
El movimiento como detonador de una teatralidad particular
Authors: Falconi Talía
Published: January 2022

Se propone tomar al movimiento como materia prima para el acto creativo, en cuanto portador en sí mismo de un tejido de sentidos que a su vez es interpretado y reinterpretado por los distintos actores implicados (quien hace y quien observa). Desde esa perspectiva, hay una reflexión puesta en juego acerca de ciertos aspectos que están presentes en mi práctica coreográfica, uno de los cuales deriva en esta investigación: el movimiento como propulsor de una teatralidad particular. Desde allí, son propuestos el estudio y el análisis de los elementos poéticos implicados en los procesos de generación de sentido desde el movimiento hacia una cierta noción de teatralidad.
Bordado colectivo como práctica feminista en AbyaYala
Authors: Tapia de la Fuente María
Published: January 2022

A través de esta investigación busqué comprender los modos en los cuales el bordado colectivo se constituye en una práctica feminista y una forma de habitar el cuerpo en bordadoras de la zona sur oeste de Abya Yala. Para incorporar el bordado en la creación de conocimiento utilicé como método el Círculo de Bordado, permitiéndome descoser los métodos estructurados y hegemónicos, integrar las geografías y los afectos, desbordar la investigación y bordarla con hilos propios. Las narrativas creadas muestran la manera en que el bordado se articula como mecanismo de comunicación, modo de habitar el cuerpo-territorio y práctica de producción comunitaria, elementos que invitan a leer este trabajo con el cuerpo, sensaciones y sonidos de la memoria: leerlo y sentirlo a la vez; abriendo preguntas que nos recuerdan que somos tejido social y que favorecen la producción de lo común.
Nudos críticos en el ejercicio de la antropología feminista en Chile: construcción de conocimientos e institucionalización del feminismo
Authors: Escobar Salazar Areli , Santana Nazarit Paula , Araya Toro Tatiana
Published: January 2022

Ensayo
Imperial volost of Udomlya in Bezhetskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod land in the late XV – early XVI centuries: historical-geographical reconstruction in GIS
Authors: Stepanova Iuliia , Gavrilov Pavel Vladimirovich , Kutakov Sergei Sergeevich
Published: January 2022

This article provides the results of research of the territorial arrangement of the largest volost of Udomlya, which belonged to the Novgorod Archbishop prior to Novgorod land was annexed by Moscow. The author conducts localization of the toponymy of volost in accordance to the cadastre of 1498/99, which contained the characteristics of pogosts and dozens volosts. The article leans on the geoinformation technologies. For localization of settlements, the author linked the borders of land dachas and toponymy of the Economic Notes of the late XVIII century. This described the territory of the volost compactly located in northwestern Tver Region of Bezhetskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod land. This article is first to localize the territory of the volost of Udomlya located in northwestern Tver Region of Bezhetskaya Pyatina of the Novgorod land. Characteristic is given to the territories of pogost districts and dozens the volost was divided. The author clarifies the location of the centers of pogosts; most densely populated areas were in the basin of lakes Udomlya and Pesvo and the rivers Sezha and Volchina. It is established that volost included two pogosts – Spassky and Ilyinsky, which ceased to exist as pogost districts by the mid XVI century. The settlement pattern of dozens testifies to the gradual disintegration of the decimar system in volost by the late XV – early XVI centuries.
A importância da vigilância epidemiológica no combate à Doença de Chagas: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Geres Leonardo Fernandes , Rabi Larissa Teodoro , Bonatti Tais Rondello
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Revisar trabalhos originais com abrangência nacional de amostragem epidemiológica com o intuito de discutir o perfil epidemiológico da Doença de Chagas (DC) pelo país ao longo dos anos, relacionar a epidemiologia com o controle da doença e abordar as necessidades e lacunas dos estudos epidemiológicos. Métodos: Trata-se de um artigo de revisão integrativa, com busca de artigos originais de 2016 a 2021 nas bases de dados Scielo, Pubmed, Lilacs e se utilizou os descritores “Doença de Chagas”, “Chagas Disease”, “Incidence Chagas disease” e “Mortality Chagas disease”. Resultados: Foram identificados 128 artigos para a leitura de título e abstract, apenas 42 foram selecionados e lidos integralmente e foram selecionados 16 artigos originais que se enquadravam dentro da metodologia de busca para esta revisão integrativa. Observou-se que a maior parte dos estudos atuais utilizam técnicas analíticas e geoprocessamento a partir de dados secundários como o Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificações (SINAN). Também foi observado que o país tem um fraco sistema de vigilância epidemiológica. Considerações finais: As pesquisas deste artigo de revisão integrativa apontam a necessidade de trabalhos com amostragem epidemiológica em nível nacional, devido aos poucos trabalhos originais encontrados.
Auriculoterapia: evidências científicas sobre a sua eficácia em casos de ansiedade e depressão
Authors: Silva Eduardo Viana da , Almeida Pollyana Sousa , Silva Deisiane Serrano da , Mota Jéssica Lopes , Pilger Calíope , Moncaio Ana Carolina Scarpel
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Sintetizar o conhecimento científico sobre a eficácia da auriculoterapia em casos de ansiedade e depressão. Métodos: Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa de Literatura, buscando responder a seguinte questão norteadora: “quais são as evidências científicas do uso da auriculoterapia no tratamento de ansiedade e depressão”. Os critérios de inclusão englobam artigos publicados entre os anos de 2006 a 2021, originais, na íntegra, disponíveis nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, e que contemplem a temática central do estudo e, os critérios de exclusão foram publicações secundárias. Utilizaram-se como bases de dados eletrônicas a MEDLINE/Pubmed e LILACS, com os descritores “Auriculoterapia”; “Acupuntura Auricular”; “Ansiedade”; “Depressão” e os correspondentes em inglês. Resultados: A amostra final desta revisão foi composta por seis estudos, que após a sistematização dos estudos selecionados, levantou-se duas categorias temáticas, “A inserção da auriculoterapia como recurso terapêutico nos serviços de saúde” e “A auriculoterapia como uma ferramenta de cuidado integral ao paciente”. Os resultados dos estudos levantados demonstraram dados estatísticos significativos nos quadros de depressão e ansiedade em diferentes sujeitos e cenários. Considerações finais: A aplicação da auriculoterapia como intervenção terapêutica em pacientes com depressão e ansiedade, revelou-se eficaz, eficiente e segura.
My experience as a long COVID patient: “Long COVID,” a hidden pandemic and the possible solution
Authors: Gowda Vinaya
Published: January 2022

Objectives:

To create awareness about long COVID through personal experience as it is less understood, given the nature of the disease and to suggest possible solution until the definitive measures.

Materials and Methods:

I self-analyzed my symptoms and tried treatment methods over 5 months of long COVID phase which apparently started after COVID vaccination.

Results:

I noticed subtle improvement in overall symptoms and significant change in neuropsychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression, paresthesia, and headache with antihistamines albeit temporarily.

Conclusion:

Antihistamines may give temporary relief from the long COVID symptoms.
Marked asymptomatic hyperuricemia; menace induced by antitubercular therapy – A case report
Authors: Rijal Prabhat , Raina Rohit , Pathania Monika , Kant Ravi
Published: January 2022

Antitubercular therapy has revolutionized the treatment of all forms of tuberculosis however it is not devoid of adverse effects. Different drugs within the ATT have their specific as well as common side effects which may lead to non-adherence to the treatment as well as treatment failure. Hyperuricemia is one of the established adverse effects of pyrazinamide, with a little contribution from ethambutol. Pyrazinamide is known to have direct impact transport at the level of proximal convoluted tubule in kidney. In the case report that follows, we will be discussing an unusual case of asymptomatic ATT-induced hyperuricemia. A 28-year middle class female, without no known comorbidities who was started ATT empirically on clinical backgrounds develops profound hyperuricemia in the absence of any symptoms such as joint pain, swelling of joints, and flank pain.
THE RATE OF OXYGEN CONSUMPTION BY BRAIN HOMOGENATES IN CHRONICALLY ALCOHOLIZED RATS UNDER THE ACTION OF ETHANOL AND SUCCINATE IN VITRO
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Lelevich H. V. , Dremza I. K. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2022

Background. The problem of the development of alcohol dependence is relevant due to insufficient research of the processes occurring in the brain during prolonged exposure to ethanol. The aim of the research. To estimate the rate of oxygen consumption by homogenates of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of rats under conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication, ethanol withdrawal, as well as the effect of ethanol and succinate on it in vitro. Material and methods. The rate of oxygen consumption by homogenates of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of rats alcoholized for 8 months, as well as during the period of ethanol withdrawal on endogenous substrates, during incubation with ethanol solution and succinate was studied. Results. An increase in the rate of oxygen consumption of brain homogenates on endogenous substrates in chronic alcohol intoxication of rats, a decrease in the period of ethanol withdrawal on days 1 and 3, a stimulating effect of ethanol in the cerebral cortex on day 3 of abstinence, as well as a stimulating effect succinate in groups of control animals and with chronic alcohol intoxication were observed. Conclusions. Chronic alcoholization of rats leads to the development of the dependence of tissue respiration on the presence of ethanol in the cage. The absence of the stimulating effect of succinate in the ethanol withdrawal groups indicates the significant activation of the succinate dehydrogenase pathway in these animals.
A CLINICAL CASE OF A SEVERE COVID-19 INFECTION WITH POLYORGAN DYSFUNCTION IN A PATIENT WITH STAGE 5 CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN THE BACKGROUND OF A FUNCTIONING RENAL TRANSPLANT
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Yakubtsevich R. E. , Rakashevich D. N. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Balla A. A. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Neuhen I. N. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Pratasevich P. P. ,   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Dorokhin К. М. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: January 2022

Abstract. In most cases, COVID-19 is asymptomatic or mild and not life-threatening, but there is a category of patients for whom the infection poses a serious threat – organ transplant recipients. The severity of the disease in such patients is due to the need for immunosuppressive therapy, due to the high risk of developing infectious complications due to prolonged immunosuppression and a pronounced comorbid background. In the given clinical case, the experience of diagnosis and successful treatment of a patient with COVID-19 infection is presented complicated by multiple organ dysfunction and, as a consequence, renal transplant dysfunction in a 36-year-old patient with stage 5 chronic kidney disease who was hospitalized at the Grodno University Hospital.
Analisis Kurva Dose Volume Histogram (DVH) pada Teknik 3D Konformal dengan Metode Monte Carlo
Authors: Yani Sitti
Published: January 2022

Pemilihan sudut penyinaran yang tepat dalam terapi 3D konformal beberapa jenis kanker sangat menentukan keberhasilan pengobatan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dose volume histogram (DVH) teknik 3D konformal dengan konfigurasi sudut penyinaran yang berbeda pada fantom inhomogenitas dengan metode Monte Carlo (MC). EGSnrc-DOSXYZnrc MC digunakan untuk menyimulasikan teknik 3D konformal pada fantom inhomogenitas. Fantom inhomogenitas terdiri atas material air dan paru-paru dimana material paru-paru berada di dalam fantom air pada kedalaman 2 cm dari permukaan fantom air. Fantom ini diradiasi dengan sumber radiasi monoenergetik 10 MeV dengan sudut penyinaran 0 – 360o. Data distribusi dosis yang diperoleh diolah untuk memperoleh data DVH. Analisis DVH juga dilakukan dengan mengkombinasikan beberapa sudut penyinaran dan pembobotan. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa distribusi dosis hasil simulasi beragam terhadap sudut penyinaran. Dari kurva DVH diperoleh bahwa sudut penyinaran pada 0o, 20o, 40o, 320o, dan 340o dengan pembobotan memberikan kurva DVH target yang paling baik dibandingkan dengan set-up sudut penyinaran lainnya. Pembobotan dapat mereduksi dosis pada resiko organ dan meningkatkan dosis pada target.
Quantum Anharmonic Oscillators: A Truncated Matrix Approach
Authors: Pingak Redi Kristian , Johannes Albert Zicko , Bukit Minsyahril , Ngara Zakarias Seba
Published: January 2022

This study aims at implementing a truncated matrix approach based on harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions to calculate energy eigenvalues of anharmonic oscillators containing quadratic, quartic, sextic, octic, and decic anharmonicities. The accuracy of the matrix method is also tested. Using this method, the wave functions of the anharmonic oscillators were written as a linear combination of some finite number of harmonic oscillator basis states. Results showed that calculation with 100 basis states generated accurate energies of oscillators with relatively small coupling constants, with computation time less than 1 minute. Including more basis states could result in more correct digits. For instance, using 300 harmonic oscillator basis states in a simple Mathematica code in about 8 minutes, highly accurate energies of the oscillators were obtained for relatively small coupling constants, with up to 15 correct digits. Reasonable accuracy was also found for much larger coupling constants with at least three correct digits for some low lying energies of the oscillators reported in this study. Some of our results contained more correct digits than other results reported in the literature.
Mikrozonasi Berdasarkan Data Mikrotremor dan Kecepatan Gelombang Geser di Kotamadya Yogyakarta
Authors: Purnama Aditya Yoga , Nurcahya Budi Eka , Nurhanafi Kholis , Perdhana Radhitya
Published: January 2022

Gempabumi Yogyakarta dengan magnitude 6,3 Skala Richter yang terjadi pada tahun 2006 menyebabkan kerusakan bangunan di Kota Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya. Kerusakan banyak terjadi di daerah sedimen Yogyakarta daripada di perbukitan Wonosari yang memiliki lapisan lebih keras. Kerusakan ini mengindikasikan adanya kontrol efek tapak lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan daerah rawan kerusakan gempabumi di Kotamadya Yogyakarta berdasarkan analisis kurva Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) dan mengetahui litologi bawah permukaan berdasarkan ground profiles kecepatan gelombang geser (Vs) dengan metode inversi kurva HVSR. Penelitian dilakukan di Kotamadya Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya yang dibatasi pada koordinat 7o45’58.09’’- 7o50’59.01’’ Lintang Selatan dan 110o19’7.87’’-110o24’35.43’’ Bujur Timur. Data mikrotremor sebanyak 280 diolah menggunakan metode HVSR. Proses inversi HVSR juga dilakukan untuk memperkirakan model perlapisan tanah. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai frekuensi dominan (fo) di Kotamadya Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya berkisar antara 1,1-5,8 Hz, nilai amplifikasi (A0) berkisar antara 1-21, nilai Vs30 berkisar antara 210-376 m/s. Hasil inversi menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan lapisan sedimen di Kotamadya Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya berkisar antara 104 meter hingga 262 meter. Persebaran daerah lebih rentan secara seismik terdapat pada nilai amplifikasi tinggi sebesar 9-21 dengan rentang frekuensi 1,1-2,3 Hz yaitu di Kecamatan Sewon, Banguntapan dan Umbulharjo. Sebaran lokasi kejadian likuifaksi bersesuaian dengan nilai kecepatan gelombang geser rendah dengan rentang 210-262 m/s dengan jenis tanah sedang (SD) yaitu di Kecamatan Sewon, Banguntapan dan Umbulharjo.
Identifikasi Jenis Mikroplastik dan Logam Berat di Air Sungai Kapuas Kota Pontianak
Authors: Sugandi Didiek , Agustiawan Deri , Febriyanti Shafira Viana , Yudi Yulius , Wahyuni Nelly
Published: January 2022

Sungai Kapuas berperan sebagai sarana transportasi, sumber air baku untuk PDAM, tempat rekreasi, hingga menjadi tempat pembuangan sampah dan limbah bagi masyarakat Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. Sampah plastik merupakan sampah yang paling banyak dihasilkan karena tingginya aktivitas masyarakat. Sampah plastik yang terpapar sinar ultraviolet atau proses lainnya dapat terdekomposisi menjadi mikroplastik (5 mm - 1 µm) yang dapat berdampak negatif bagi ekosistem perairan bahkan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis polimer dan logam berat pada mikroplastik yang ada di air Sungai Kapuas. Pengambilan sampel pada 6 titik lokasi didasarkan pada outlet pasar, pelabuhan, penyebrangan feri dan industri. Identifikasi kelimpahan, bentuk dan warna dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroskop, karakterisasi jenis polimer dengan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) dan logam berat dengan Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan mikroplastik di Sungai Kapuas sebesar 943,3 partikel/L dengan persentase terbesar berbentuk filamen (33%) dan  fragmen (33%). Karakterisasi gugus fungsi dengan FTIR menunjukkan adanya plastik jenis polietilena (PE) pada serapan 2918 cm-1, polipropilena (PP) pada serapan 2917 cm-1, polistirena (PS) pada serapan 3348 cm-1, 2917 cm-1, 1397 cm-1, politetraflouoroetilena (PTPE) pada serapan 1030 cm-1 dan poliamida pada serapan 1586 cm-1. Berdasarkan analisa SEM-EDX, sampel mikroplastik mengandung unsur C, O, Na, Al, Si, Cl, dan K serta tidak ditemukan logam berat. Variasi bentuk, jenis, dan komposisi unsur-unsur pada sampel mikroplastik disebabkan karena adanya perbedaan aktivitas masyarakat di sekitar Sungai Kapuas Kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar dalam melakukan kegiatan konservasi dan mitigasi dari dampak polusi mikroplastik di kawasan Sungai Kapuas Kota Pontianak.
Effects of fluoride salt addition to the physico-chemical properties of the MgCl2-NaCl-KCl heat transfer fluid : a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Zhou Weiguang , Zhang Yanping , Salanne Mathieu
Published: January 2022

Concentrated solar plants are promising solutions for electricity production. In these plants, the heat transfer fluid plays an important role, and finding systems with good thermal properties is very important. In this regard, molten salts, and more particularly molten chlorides, are currently investigated. Experimental studies of these melts are difficult and expensive, so complementing them with simulations would allow to test a wider range of compositions. In this work, we show that classical molecular dynamics simulations are suitable for predicting the properties of a ternary salt composed of MgCl2, KCl and NaCl by extensive comparisons with experimental data (and previous simulations) on the density, heat capacity, viscosity and thermal conductivity. We then study the effect of adding fluoride ions in the melt on these properties in order to investigate the suitability of mixed chlorides-fluorides for future heat transfer fluids studies.
The Ir–OOOO–Ir Transition State and the Mechanism of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on IrO2(110)
Authors: Binninger Tobias , Doublet Marie-Liesse
Published: January 2022

Carefully assessing the energetics along the pathway of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), our computational study reveals that the “classical” OER mechanism on the (110) surface of iridium dioxide (IrO2) must be reconsidered. We find that the OER follows a bi-nuclear mechanism with adjacent top surface oxygen atoms as fixed adsorption sites, whereas the iridium atoms underneath play an indirect role and maintain their saturated 6-fold oxygen coordination at all stages of the reaction. The oxygen molecule is formed, via an Ir–OOOO–Ir transition state, by association of the outer oxygen atoms of two adjacent Ir–OO surface entities, leaving two intact Ir–O entities at the surface behind. This is drastically different from the commonly considered mono-nuclear mechanism where the O2 molecule evolves by splitting of the Ir–O bond in an Ir–OO entity. We regard the rather weak reducibility of crystalline IrO2 as the reason for favoring the novel pathway, which allows the Ir–O bonds to remain stable and explains the outstanding stability of IrO2 under OER conditions. The establishment of surface oxygen atoms as fixed electrocatalytically active sites on a transition-metal oxide represents a paradigm shift for the understanding of water oxidation electrocatalysis, and it reconciles the theoretical understanding of the OER mechanism on iridium oxide with recently reported experimental results from operando X-ray spectroscopy. The novel mechanism provides an efficient OER pathway on a weakly reducible oxide, defining a new strategy towards the design of advanced OER catalysts with combined activity and stability.
An Efficient Synthesis of the Bicyclic Darunavir Side Chain Using Chemoenzymatic Catalysis
Authors: Riehl Paul , Lim Jesmine , Finnigan James , Charnock Simon , Hyster Todd
Published: January 2022

Herein, we describe a chemoenzymatic synthesis of the bicyclic fragment of Darunavir. A ketoreductase was identified using metagenomic mining to catalyze a highly enantio- and diastereoselective dynamic kinetic resolution of a 𝛽-ketolactone. Subsequent lactone reduction with diisobutylaluminium hydride and phase transfer cyclization affords the bicyclic acetal fragment in 39% yield over four steps.
Análisis de impacto presupuestal de la vacunación contra COVID-19 en América Latina
Authors: Taborda Alejandra , Murillo Diego Alejandro , Moreno Carolina , Taborda Paula Andrea , Fuquen Marcela , Díaz Paula Andrea , Londoño Darío
Published: January 2022

Objetivo.

Estimar el impacto presupuestal de la vacunación contra COVID-19 en seis países de América Latina: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México y Perú, durante el periodo 2021-2022.

Métodos.

Se evaluaron las vacunas de Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV), Janssen (JNJ-78436735), Instituto de Gamaleya (Gam-COVID-Vac), Sinovac (CoronaVac), CanSino (Convidecia), AstraZeneca (Vaxzevria), Moderna (mRNA-1273) y Pfizer (BNT162b2), según disponibilidad para cada país. Se adoptó la perspectiva del sistema de salud, de manera que solo se incluyeron costos médicos directos. El horizonte temporal se adoptó teniendo en cuenta los tiempos de implementación de cada plan de vacunación, excluyendo menores de 16 años y gestantes. Se incluyeron los siguientes costos: costo de la vacunación y aplicación, costos de la hospitalización general aislamiento, cuidado intermedio e intensivo. Se compararon dos escenarios de vacunación: 1) Población que desea vacunarse (según las encuestas nacionales) y 2) Población que debería vacunarse (total susceptible de vacunación). Los costos agregados para cada escenario de vacunación se compararon con el escenario de no vacunación. Adicionalmente, se realizaron análisis de sensibilidad determinísticos y probabilísticos.

Resultados.

Los diferentes esquemas de vacunación contra COVID-19 disponibles en América Latina genera ahorros potenciales que oscilan entre USD 100 y USD 1 500 millones de dólares por país para el período 2021-2022, asumiendo que se logra implementar en su totalidad el plan de vacunación previsto en cada país.

Conclusiones.

La vacunación contra COVID-19 es una estrategia que además de reducir la morbilidad y mortalidad para Latinoamérica, genera ahorros potenciales para los sistemas de salud en la región.
Morbimortalidade por COVID-19 associada a condições crônicas, serviços de saúde e iniquidades: evidências de sindemia
Authors: Barbosa Tatiana Pestana , Costa Fernanda Bruzadelli Paulino da , Ramos Antônio Carlos Vieira , Berra Thaís Zamboni , Arroyo Luíz Henrique , Alves Yan Mathias , Santos Felipe Lima dos , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: January 2022

Objetivo.

Identificar os fatores correlacionados à incidência e mortalidade por COVID-19 e verificar situações de sindemia em escala global.

Métodos.

Realizou-se um estudo ecológico de casos e óbitos confirmados de COVID-19 a partir de informações coletadas doEuropean Center for Disease Prevention and Controlem 2019 e 2020. Para a caracterização dos países, utilizaram-se indicadores do Banco Mundial eWorldometer Coronavirus. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e de correlação entre as variáveis independentes para posteriormente realizar o modelo de regressão linear múltipla, com o objetivo de identificar os fatores correlacionados à incidência e mortalidade por COVID-19.

Resultados.

Obtiveram-se dados de 185 países. A média da incidência dos casos foi de 16 482/mil habitantes, enquanto a média para mortalidade por COVID-19 foi de 291/mil habitantes, sendo América do Norte e Leste Asiático e Pacífico as regiões que apresentaram maiores e menores índices, respectivamente. Identificouse correlação positiva da taxa de incidência com proporção da população com idade de 15 a 64 anos, população urbana, desigualdade conforme Índice de Gini e com seis das sete regiões analisadas (exceto Leste Asiático e Pacífico). A taxa de mortalidade apresentou correlação negativa com a população de 0 a 14 anos e positiva com população urbana, desigualdade conforme índice de Gini e todas as regiões analisadas, exceto Leste Asiático e Pacífico.

Conclusões.

A morbimortalidade da COVID-19 esteve correlacionada à carga de condições crônicas, ao envelhecimento da população e à baixa capacidade dos serviços de saúde para testagem e oferta de leitos hospitalares, quadro agravado em países ou regiões com elevada desigualdade social, caracterizando uma situação de sindemia.
Study of the effect of the impurity composition of silicon on the defectiveness of reaction-bonded silicon carbide samples
Authors: Sorokin O. Yu. , Chainikova A. S. , Kuznetsov B. Yu. , Zhitnyuk S. V. , Karachevtsev F. N.
Published: January 2022

Large-sized complex-shaped silicon carbide products can be obtained via liquid silicon infiltration, however, the presence of free silicon in their composition limits the scope of their application. The silicon content can be reduced by forming a fine-grained porous structure of the material and control of the growth rate of the carbide layer on the pore walls during liquid-phase silicification. We present the results of studying the effect of the impurity composition of silicon grade KR00 on the appearance of defects in the structure of fine-grained reaction-bonded silicon infiltrated silicon carbide (The results obtained can be used in the production of tribotechnical parts, valves, etc. on the basis of RGCC.). It is shown that iron contained in industrial silicon KR00 exerted the greatest effect. At a content of Fe below 0.94 %wt., SiSiC samples are almost defect-free with the density not less than 3.00 ± 0.05 g/cm3. At a Fe content of 1.49 %wt., defects in SiSiC samples are observed in the form of under-impregnated regions, which are probably attributed to the increased solubility of carbon in the silicon melt upon impregnation with technical silicon with an increased iron content and, as a consequence, more intensive growth of the silicon carbide layer on the pore walls with their subsequent overlapping. As the melt moves deeper into the carbonized porous sample, it becomes depleted in silicon with an increase in the content of impurities, primarily Fe and Al, and the formation of SiC, Fe3C, and FeSi. The theoretical calculation showed that the relative changes in volume for the reactions of SiC and Fe3C formation upon interaction of 1 mole of carbon with silicon and iron are 134 and 339%, respectively. Moreover, with a significant content of iron in the melt, a significant role in the overlap of capillaries can be played by the volumetric change associated with the formation of Fe3C. The results obtained can be used in the production of SiSiC-based tribotechnical parts, valves, etc.
Evaluation of the residual strength of composite products based on the structural-phenomenological concept of damage and acoustic-emission diagnostics
Authors: Matvienko Yu. G. , Makhutov N. A. , Vasil’ev I. E. , Chernov D. V. , Ivanov V. I. , Elizarov S. V.
Published: January 2022

A structural-phenomenological concept (SPhC) of monitoring the residual strength of composite materials is proposed. SFK was developed taking into account the kinetics of damage and destruction of polymer composite material (PCM) at the micro-, meso- and macroscale levels, which generate acoustic emission pulses (AE) recorded by the receiving transducers of the antenna array. A correspondence between the ongoing destruction of the composite material structure at the micro-, meso- and macroscale level and the AE pulses recorded at the same time and their weight content provides the possibility of monitoring of the damage kinetics in the loading mode at all structural levels, and, consequently, the possibility of control of the residual strength of the product. An algorithm and software have been developed that made it possible to divide the recorded AE signals into the clusters of lower, middle and upper energy levels corresponding to micro-, meso- and macroscale disruptions of the structure of a composite material, calculate the AE activity and the weight content of location pulses in energy clusters, thus displaying the dynamics of their changes every second. Comparison of the current values of the most informative parameters of the weight content of location pulses in energy clusters with the threshold values recorded during the destruction of the material provides monitoring of the residual strength of the product in the loading mode. The validity of the developed concept, algorithm and software was proved during tests of elementary and structurally similar samples of PCM under different loading conditions. An example of using the developed technique for revealing the areas of the most intense damage accumulation in a MS-21 fuselage panel at a stepwise increase in the compressive load is presented. In addition to the possibility of identification of the area of intensive accumulation of damage and failure of the structure of the composite material, SPhC of the AE diagnostics provides also the possibility of tracing the damage kinetics at different scale-structural levels, controlling the level of the residual strength of the panel upon the stepwise compression.
Intelligent decision support system based on video recognition of the blast furnace tuyeres
Authors: Bakhtadze N. N. , Beginyuk V. A. , Elpashev D. V. , Zakharov E. A. , Donchan D. M. , Salikhov Z. G. , Pyateckij V. E.
Published: January 2022

An approach to creation of an intelligent system for predicting the state of a technological process in real time is presented. The approach is based on the analysis of a video sequence of images obtained as a result of streaming video by cameras installed on the tuyeres of a blast furnace. Algorithms for recognizing video images of tuyere foci, as well as scenario forecasting of the evolution of technological situations are proposed. A historical background regarding the development of methods for automatic control of the blast-furnace process, in particular, the use of artificial intelligence, is presented. The study is aimed at the ability of rapid analysis of the production situation (PS) and prediction of the PS evolution in the course of functioning of the blast furnace process, which will provide the possibility of timely decisions on adjusting control in an automatic or automated mode. Using the developed algorithm for analysis and prediction of the process dynamics and proceeding from the revealed regularities of the change in video data, a method for early detection of a tendency to the occurrence of certain events on tuyeres, including those leading to the destabilization of the blast furnace process, is proposed. The novelty of the presented approach lies in the fact that not only the state of the process at the next moment of time, but also the most probable chain of several subsequent states is predicted. Real-time forecasting algorithms are based on the construction and replenishment of the base of inductive knowledge — regularities revealed through the intellectual analysis of the revealed information — in the course of real functioning. Methods of studying Markov chains, machine learning and wavelet analysis are used for the associative search for patterns. The algorithms developed by the authors can be used in decision support systems for blast-furnace control. The results of practical research, confirming the effectiveness and viability of the proposed approach, are presented.
Modern samvydav (self-publishing), zine-edition as a way of self-expression and communication
Authors: Podolyaka Nadiia , Shvachko Oleksandra
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the article is to explore the possibilities of modern samvydav in Ukraine for further scientific research on the example of zine-publications. Empirical-theoretical methods of analysis, synthesis, and deduction are used. The survey method, as well as theoretical methods (description and interpretation), are also applied. Using these methods allowed us to research social information about the functioning of this type of communication; to prove that currently, the samvydav industry is spreading among professional writers, not just amateurs.
It is proved that the modern culture of samvydav in Ukraine is a little-studied phenomenon. The experience of manufacturing and popularizing modern forms of samvydav is quite new. Ukrainian self-publishing is mainly reflected in social networks; we practically do not find scientific professional justifications for the development of self-publishing books in the 21st century. It turned out that a third of the respondents associate the phenomenon of samvydav only with the country’s historical past, the struggle of Ukraine for self-identification during the existence of the USSR. A minority of respondents own information about contests and specialized sites that provide creative opportunities for the creators of samvydav. Modern samvydav has successfully integrated into the new culture and today is part of art and literature.
The attention is focused on the latest forms of samvydav, in particular on the zine-editions. Popularization platforms and specialized sites have been characterised, thanks to which contemporary artists have the opportunity to present their informal creativity. The study can become the basis for formulating practical recommendations on establishing informational interaction in the triad “publisher/artist — new forms of samvydav — audience”; to form an information base for the cognition of the functioning of new forms of media product; help to develop mechanisms for organizing and forming an audience