bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breast reconstruction after breast cancer surgery – persistent pain and quality of life 1–8 years after breast reconstruction
Authors: Honkanen Nina , Mustonen Laura , Kalso Eija , Meretoja Tuomo , Harno Hanna
Published: June 2021

Objectives

To assess the long-term outcome of breast reconstructions with special focus on chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) in a larger cohort of breast cancer survivors.

Methods

A cross-sectional study on 121 women with mastectomy and breast reconstruction after mean 2 years 4 months follow up. The mean time from breast reconstruction to the follow-up visit was 4 years 2 months. We studied surveys on pain (Brief Pain Inventory, BPI and Douleur Neuropathique 4, DN4), quality of life (RAND-36 health survey), sleep (insomnia severity questionnaire, ISI), mood (Beck’s Depression Index, BDI; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS), and a detailed clinical sensory status. Patients were divided into three groups: abdominal flap (Deep inferior epigastric perforator flap, DIEP; Free transverse rectus abdominis flap, fTRAM, and Pedicled transverse rectus abdominis flap, pTRAM), dorsal flap (Latissimus dorsi flap, LD and Thoracodorsal artery perforator flap, TDAP), and other (Transverse myocutaneous gracilis flap, TMG; implant). Clinically meaningful pain was defined ≥ 4/10 on a numeric rating scale (NRS). We used patients’ pain drawings to localize the pain. We assessed preoperative pain NRS from previous data.

Results

106 (87.6%) of the patients did not have clinically meaningful persistent pain. We found no statistically significant difference between different reconstruction types with regards to persistent pain (p=0.40), mood (BDI-II, p=0.41 and HADS A, p=0.54) or sleep (p=0.14), respectively. Preoperative pain prior to breast reconstruction surgery correlated strongly with moderate or severe CPSP.

Conclusions

Moderate to severe CPSP intensity was present in 14% of patients. We found no significant difference in the prevalence of pain across different reconstruction types. Preoperative pain associated significantly with postoperative persistent pain.
Short-Term Effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Learning and Evoked Activity in Auditory Cortex
Authors: Lai Jesyin , David Stephen V.
Published: June 2021

Chronic vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been shown to facilitate learning, but effects of acute VNS on neural coding and behavior remain less well understood. Ferrets implanted with cuff electrodes on the vagus nerve were trained by classical conditioning on an auditory tone frequency-reward association. One tone was associated with reward while another tone was not. Tone frequencies and reward associations were changed every 2 d, requiring learning of a new relationship. When tones were paired with VNS, animals consistently learned the new association within 2 d. When VNS occurred randomly between trials, learning within 2 d was unreliable. In passively listening animals, neural activity in primary auditory cortex (A1) and pupil size were recorded before and after acute VNS-tone pairing. After pairing with a neuron’s best-frequency (BF) tone, responses by a subpopulation of neurons were reduced. VNS paired with an off-BF tone or during intertrial intervals had no effect. The BF-specific reduction in neural responses after VNS remained, even after regressing out changes explained by pupil-indexed arousal. VNS induced brief dilation in the pupil, and the size of this change predicted the magnitude of persistent changes in the neural response. This interaction suggests that fluctuations in neuromodulation associated with arousal gate the long-term VNS effects on neural activity.
Effect of using regenerated combined FAU and MOR zeolites as catalysts during the pyrolysis of kraft lignin
Authors: Mondal Ajoy Kanti , Qin Chengrong , Ragauskas Arthur J. , Ni Yonghao , Huang Fang
Published: June 2021

The SiO2/Al2O3 mole ratio, pore size, and acid sites are the key parameters of zeolite’s activity in lignin pyrolysis. In this study, the comparison of individual Y and M zeolites, the combined ‘Y + M’ sample after regeneration, and their effect on lignin pyrolysis were studied in five cycles (regeneration and reuse). The results were explained using Brunauer, Emmet, and Teller (BET), micropore surface area (MSA), and total acid sites (TAS) analyses. In comparison with the individual Y or M zeolite sample, the consistent higher catalytic activities of the combined ‘Y + M’ sample in repeated cycles were observed. Pyrolysis heavy oils were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The NMR analyses revealed that with increased zeolite regeneration cycles, p-hydroxy phenyl and methoxyl groups increased. Decreases in guaiacyl phenolic hydroxyl were less for the combined ‘Y + M’ sample than the individual Y and M zeolites. Lower weight average (Mw) of heavy oil for the combined ‘Y + M’ sample indicated the enhanced cleavage of lignin structures in pyrolysis. These results support the higher catalytic activity of regenerated zeolites for the combined ‘Y + M’ sample compared with individual Y and M zeolites due to the improved MSA and TAS.
Independent Infinitive in Directive Speech Acts for Direct Communication in the Polish Language and Its Equivalents in the French Language
Authors: Górnikiewicz Joanna
Published: June 2021

This article discusses the Polish independent infinitive, which constitutes a predicate in imperative utterances, and its French functional equivalents. The analysis was conducted at two levels. In the first part, the author describes the independent infinitive in the Polish language referring to the Polish formal structural syntax (Saloni, Świdziński 2012). This is to determine which place is occupied by this unit in a sentence, both in relation to other uses of the infinitive and in comparison to other units with the function of a predicate in statements of the same modality. The French structural equivalent has been determined on the basis of the same criterion of syntax dependency. However, even though both languages have corresponding structures, they do not use them in the same way. Only in Polish it is possible to form sentences with infinitive predicates in the spoken language, in face-to-face conversation. What are the factors that favour choosing this form? The author answers this question in her semantic and pragmatic analysis, conducted in the methodological framework of speech act theory (Searle 1979, Vanderveken 1988). She presents imperatives as a class of speech acts, which are extensively developed and specifies those, which can be executed by means of utterances with infinitive predicates. Additionally, factors of social and psychological character have been taken into consideration, as those which favour selecting the discussed form. What structure constitutes its functional equivalent in the French language? An analysis of a body composed of examples originating primarily from dialogues in contemporary literary works and their approved translations has allowed, on the one hand, to confirm the intuitive belief that grammar forms perform this function, in face-to-face oral communication the French language has only the command mode forms (l’impératif in French). On the other hand, we can launch a discussion about possibilities to translate them into a language which does not allow for an analogous use of the available infinitive structure.
Mathematical model of transmembrane potential dynamics of loach early embryogenesis
Authors: Galyk G. V. , Fedorovych Z. Y. , Lychkovsky E. I. , Vorobets Z. D.
Published: June 2021

Heavy metals in the water environment are known to have a negative effect on the viability of fish in early development. We have discussed the influence of environmental factors on early embryo development from the viewpoint of the correlation adaptometry method. The analysis of time series with the subsequent construction of a mathematical model was used to determine the change in the greatest effect of certain types of ions on the values of the transmembrane potential for prognostic purposes. The membrane potential is accepted as an integral indicator of the state of the embryos. Structures of five elements of the same type were constructed for the time shifts from 0 to 180 minutes. Each element in the system characterizes the value of the transmembrane potential that was measured in a cell incubated in one of the five solutions during early embryo development. Mathematical models describing the cell membrane potential dynamics have been created and studied. It was noted that the transmembrane potential dynamics of embryo cells is dependent on a change in the value of the correlation coefficient between elements of the system. A decrease in the sum of the correlations between individual elements of the system with an increase in the magnitude of the time shift is established. The results of the numerical solutions of the system equations indicated the sequence of changes in the greatest effect of the incubation medium on the value of the membrane potential in cells. The study of the membrane potentials’ dynamics, using the total values of the strength of correlation, confirmed the influence of heavy metals in the incubation medium on the membrane potential of embryo cell in early development.
Biochemical characterization of fruits of Lycium spp. in Ukraine
Authors: Zhurba M. , Vergun O. , Klymenko S. , Szot I.
Published: June 2021

Fruits of Lycium possess therapeutic properties due to which they are used in traditional and folk medicine and can be used as a kind of functional food. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biochemical characterization of Lycium L. (L. barbarum L., L. chinense Mill. and L. truncatum Y. C. Wang) fruits for 16 cultivars and varieties from the collections in the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv). This study was aimed at determining the concentration of nutrients in the Lycium fruits. Individual genotypes of three Lycium species: L. barbarum, L.chinense, and L. truncatum, differed in such features as the content of dry matter, sugars, vitamin C, β-carotene, acidity, and tannins in the fruit. Fruits of Lycium spp. are a valuable source of nutrients such as vitamin C (4.38–121.0 mg 100g–1 FW), β-carotene content (1.45–5.52%), and tannin (0.12–1.34%). The sugar content (13.83–20.87%) and acidity of the fruit (0.23–4.62%) meet the consumers' requirements for fresh fruit. The cultivar Amber Sweet (L. chinense) had fruits of which the similarities between biochemical characteristics of different studies genotypes were the lowest. The cv. Amber Sweet was characterized by fruit with high sugar content, very high vitamin C content, average acid content, low tannins and β-carotene content, and the lowest dry matter content. Furthermore, a distinctive feature of the other tested genotypes was the yellow colour of the fruit. The data obtained can be used for further selective work.
The synthesis of lipids and proteins in vitro in tissues of Cyprinus carpio infected with Bothriocephalus acheilognathi
Authors: Yuskiv L. L. , Yuskiv I. D.
Published: June 2021

The problem of the mechanisms of regulation of biochemical processes in carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) tissues and organs caused by infection with Bothriocephalus (Schyzocotyle) acheilognathi (Yamaguti, 1934) at different intensities of invasion remains practically unstudied. The purpose of this study was to dedetrmine the intensity of lipid and protein synthesis in vitro when [6-14C]glucose and [2-14C]lysine are used as their precursor in the tissues of the intestine, hepatopancreas and skeletal muscles of carp. The study was conducted on this-year carp with body weight 14.5–20.5 g, at different invasion rates of the helminth B. acheilognathi, which belongs to the family Bothriocephalidae of the Pseudophyllidae order of the Cestoda class of the Plathelminthes phylum. The examined carp were divided into three groups: 1st group of fish was free from intestinal helminths of B. acheilognathi (control); 2nd group of fish was weakly infected with helminths (intensity of invasion was 1–3 helminths per fish); the 3rd group of fish was highly infected (the invasion intensity was 4 worms and more per fish). Our results showed that in fish infected with the helminth B. acheilognathi in comparison to uninfected, the intensity of lipid synthesis in the intestinal wall, hepatopancreas, skeletal muscle was much lower when [6-14C]glucose was used as a predecessor than when [2-14C]lysine was used as a predecessor. In the examined tissues, significant decrease was observed in the synthesis of reserve lipids (mono-, di- and triacylglycerols) in comparison to the structural (phospholipids and cholesterol), which depends on the intensity of the B. acheilognathi invasion. In the metabolic processes in the wall of the intestine, hepatopancreas, skeletal muscle of this-year carp infectd with B. acheilognathi helminths, under in vitro conditions, [6-14C]glucose was used more than [2-14C]lysine. The intensity of protein synthesis in the intestinal wall, hepatopancreas, skeletal muscles of this-year carp infected with the helminth B. acheilognathi under in vitro conditions increased when [6-14C]glucose was added to the incubation medium, on average 7.1–28.3% and decreased when [2-14C]lysine was added, on average 7.8–25.7%.
Изменение мировоззрения российских меннонитов и разрушение их сообщества
Authors: Ходченко Елена Евгеньевна
Published: June 2021

The article raises the problems of the Mennonite community's reflection on the reforms in Russian Empire as well as the modernization of social, political and economic environment in 1861–1914, during the First World War, the recurring power changes and political anarchy in Ukraine during the Civil War. The author examines the Mennonites' attempts to adjust the changes in reality, the cause-and-effect relationships of arising social crisis which ultimately led to the destruction of the ethnoreligious community's canonical foundations. The research bases on the testimonies of the eyewitnesses (given in their diaries), memoirs and other published materials. The author examines the gradual deviation processes among the Mennonite society that were transforming the fundamental statements of the congregations’ doctrine and their moral norms and traditions. It is analyzed whether the Russian-Ukrainian Mennonites remained an ethno-religious conglomerate or lost their inherent values. As a result it has been proved the following: the Mennonites in Russia in a short period from the beginning of the reforms of the 1860s – 1870s to the beginning of the 20th century, went from a close-knit religious community to an opened and spiritually weakened unification. During the period of “challenges and reactions” of the First World War and the Civil War, the leaders of the community were unable to maintain the unity and cohesion, a complex of moral and ethical markers, pacifist views, social institutions, which led to a deformation of values and disorientation in further actions. Only a small part of the Mennonites society was able to organize itself and, thanks to the support of the Canadian Mennonites communities, it emigrated in 1923–1926 and thus avoided the Bolshevik regime repressions.

Key words: the Mennonites, World War I, Civil War, Makhno, identity.
Espacio público en discusión: el caso del parque Japón en Bogotá Colombia
Authors: Benitez-Perez Laura Esther , Páramo Pablo
Published: June 2021

Los parques urbanos juegan un papel crucial en la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos, con este propósito algunas administraciones de las ciudades han intervenido los parques lo que no ha estado libre de protestas de las comunidades que rechazan este tipo de intervenciones. Este artículo recoge un estudio de caso, el del parque Japón, en Bogotá, como caso emblemático de algunas de las comunidades que se opusieron a las transformaciones de algunos parques en la ciudad. Se recogió y analizó información mediante entrevistas, mensajes en las redes sociales y comunicados de la administración de la ciudad para tratar de entender la problemática.  El estudio identifica como posible explicación de las tensiones el mal manejo en la gestión de los proyectos al no promover una adecuada participación. Se dan recomendaciones que pueden contribuir a prevenir este tipo de tensiones a futuro en proyectos de transformación urbana.
Conflito na apropriação do patrimônio cultural: a conservação do parque Armando de Holanda
Authors: De Albuquerque Marques da Cunha Paulo José , De Albuquerque Lapa Tomás
Published: June 2021

A construção do habitat social apoia-se numa visão ampla que estabelece um conjunto de condições que compreende não somente o lugar de moradia, como tudo o que contribui para o habitar do cidadão com dignidade. Este artigo coloca em evidência o conflito que muitas vezes se revela quando o déficit habitacional empurra parcelas da população a ocupar áreas que gozam de proteção restritiva, seja ela ambiental ou sociocultural. É o caso do Parque Metropolitano Armando de Holanda Cavalcanti, em Pernambuco, no qual se revela o conflito entre residentes e gestores públicos, decorrente da ocupação da área e da necessidade de conservação dos aspectos ambientais e dos testemunhos histórico-culturais. A disputa pelo espaço se dá também através dos processos de atribuição de valor e de construção da significância do lugar. As formas como residentes e técnicos julgam os bens patrimoniais diferem-se conforme suas realidades sociais, necessidades e interesses. Portanto, o artigo busca identificar como os valores subsidiaram os pareceres para tombamento e instituição do Parque e, confrontando-os com narrativas de residentes, compreender os conflitos que se interpõem à produção do habitat e à Conservação Integrada.
Poder, desigualdades y violencias sobre los sujetos que ocupan el espacio público
Authors: Castaño Aguirre Carlos Alberto , García Ordóñez Iván Darío
Published: June 2021

Es en el espacio público donde se tejen las complejidades de la vida social, las cuales tienen inmersas unas lógicas de ejercicios de poder y dominio que sobredeterminan y constituyen sujetos, pero que se transforman con el tiempo. Cada espacio es resultado de un contexto social especifico, situado espaciotemporalmente, y de las tensiones y disputas entre los diversos sujetos y grupos que coexisten e inciden en él. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo profundizar y problematizar las relaciones de poder, las desigualdades sociales y las violencias que emergen y se despliegan en el espacio público, a través de una investigación con enfoque crítico social, que se soporta en un pluralismo de métodos y técnicas para la interpretación de las diferentes realidades que tienen lugar en la Plazoleta de la quindianidad, ubicada en el sector del Centro Administrativo Municipal, Armenia (Quindío). Las condiciones de marginalidad que se dan en el espacio público no son homogéneas ni corresponden a una única forma de discriminación o desigualdad: incluso en las relaciones sociales al interior, entre sujetos ocupantes marginados, se ven reflejadas múltiples desigualdades y organizaciones de poder.
Monitoring Method of Longitudinal Land Subsidence and Deformation in Seismic Geological Disasters
Authors: Xu Aimei , Azarkhosh Hojatallah , Wu Erjun
Published: June 2021

Monitoring of longitudinal land subsidence and deformation in seismic and geological hazards plays an important role in preventing and curing land collapse, land subsidence, and ground cracks. In this paper, a distributed monitoring model experiment on vertical land subsidence and deformation of seismic and geological hazards is carried out by Brillouin optical frequency-domain analysis technology (BOTDA). By using the self-made indoor longitudinal land subsidence and deformation simulation box, different intensity seismic ground is simulated by air bag. Distributed optical fibers are used to monitor the longitudinal land subsidence and deformation during different intensity seismic and geological disasters. According to different intensity seismic and geological disasters, distributed sensing optical fibers cooperate with the ground to compress or stretch longitudinally and obtain the data of longitudinal land subsidence and deformation. The correction coefficient is introduced to modify the monitoring data of confining pressure-sensing optical fiber and complete the precise monitoring of vertical land subsidence and deformation in seismic and geological hazards. The experimental results show that this method can monitor the vertical ground subsidence and deformation of seismic and geological hazards under different conditions, and the monitoring efficiency and cost are superior to GPS and inertial monitoring methods, and the practical application value is high.
Personalized neoantigen-based cancer immunotherapy. A literature review
Authors: Ortiz-Aguire Juan Pablo , Velandi-Vargas Esteban Alejandro , Rodríguez-Bohorquez Oscar Mauricio , Amaya-Ramírez Diego , Bernal-Estévez David , Parra-López Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The progress made in cancer immunotherapy and the clinical response of patients who have undergone this type of therapy have made it the fourth pillar of cancer treatment. Objective: To briefly describe the biological rationale of personalized neoantigen-based cancer immunotherapy, the current perspectives regarding its development, and some of the clinical outcomes achieved with this therapy. Materials and methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus and EBSCO using the following search strategy: type of articles: original experimental studies, clinical trials, and narrative and systematic reviews addressing methods to identify mutations found in tumors and cancer immunotherapy strategies based on neoantigen-based vaccines; study population: humans and animal models; publication period: January 1989 - December 2019; language: English and Spanish; search terms: “Immunotherapy”, “Neoplasms”, “Mutation” and “Cancer Vaccines”. Results: The initial search started with 1 344 records. Once duplicates were removed (n=176), 780 studies were excluded after reading their abstract and title. The full text of 338 articles was read to confirm which met the inclusion criteria, finally including 73 studies for full analysis. All articles retrieved were published in English and were mainly conducted in the USA (43.83%) and Germany (23.65%). In the case of original studies (n=43), 20 were performed in humans only, 9 in animals only, 2 in both models, and 12 used in silico methodology. Conclusion: Personalized cancer immunotherapy with tumor neoantigen-based vaccines is strongly emerging as a new alternative to treat cancer. However, to achieve its appropriate implementation, it is necessary to use it in combination with conventional treatments, produce more knowledge that helps clarify cancer immunobiology, and reduce the costs associated with its production.
Trends and challenges of medical education
Authors: Torres-Calixto Mario Gabriel
Published: June 2021

The aim of this article is to reflect on the contextual factors that influence medical education, in order to provide some recommendations about the challenges that physicians face.
A literature review was conducted to write this reflection paper, and it was found that the education of health professionals has undergone significant changes that are based on the development of biomedical sciences, technology, and pedagogy, and are influenced by the needs of the general population, the requirements of the health systems of each country, and scientific progress.
These changes have given rise to challenges inherent to the special characteristics of each country and related to the quantity, quality, and relevance of the training of physicians. In this regard, it has been suggested that, in the face of such changes, it is necessary to design curricula that integrate all aspects of health care, consider the supply and demand of medical services, emphasize professionalism, take into account the pedagogical training of health sciences teachers, comply with quality standards, assist students in selecting undergraduate programs adequately (in this case Medicine), and ensure relevant clinical practice scenarios.
It should also be noted that medical education has not adapted adequately to the aforementioned changes in many countries and, therefore, the development of teaching and learning strategies has lagged behind and physicians in such countries do not have the capacity to provide the health care required by the general population in a proper manner.
Educação infantil em tempo integral: o que dizem as professoras?
Authors: Duarte Simone , Auer Franceila , Taquini Rennati , Araújo Vania Carvalho de
Published: June 2021

Este artigo expõe parte dos resultados de um estudo exploratório realizado a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 34 professoras de dez municípios do estado do Espírito Santo, que atuam em creches e pré-escolas públicas urbanas e rurais com atendimento em tempo integral. Tem por objetivo discorrer sobre as percepções das professoras em relação à educação infantil em tempo integral, considerando três categorias analíticas: implementação do tempo integral, práticas pedagógicas e os desafios encontrados. Os resultados apontam que a implementação do atendimento em tempo integral foi motivada pela necessidade de trabalho extradomiciliar, atrelada às condições socioeconômicas das famílias, tais como situação de pobreza, risco e vulnerabilidade social. Em relação às práticas pedagógicas, as professoras revelam centralidade no trabalho de proteção e de provisão das crianças. A escassez de recursos materiais, a falta de transporte para a realização de passeios, o cansaço das crianças em virtude da longa permanência na instituição, bem como a ausência de professores durante toda a jornada são considerados desafios para a garantia de uma experiência em tempo integral com qualidade.
First report of the freshwater gastropod Pettancylus tenuis (Bourguignat, 1862) (Gastropoda, Planorbidae) from Pune region, India
Authors: Shinde Yugandhar S. , Deshpande Shailaja , Amritkar Kirti , Padhye Sameer M. , Vanjare Chitra
Published: June 2021

We present the first record of the freshwater gastropod Pettancylus tenuis from the Pune region of India. This species, which resembles a limpet, was found in November and December 2020 in a wetland formed near the confluence of Mula and Ram rivers in Pune city. The shell characters of the specimens match the available description of the species. The other records of this species from Maharashtra are nearly 150 km from Pune.
Islam Reformed in Indian History: The Dynamic Sufi Heart in Vital Transition to Printed Scripture
Authors: Pearson Harlan O.
Published: June 2021

Attempting to comprehend the controversial subject of Islamic reform, this study compares the development of Indian Islam to the Protestant Reformation. Seminal findings from social science aid in understanding religious reform as an evolving historical process. During the transition to colonial rule in India, Christian missionaries introduced a scripturally defined concept of religion that challenged the traditional worldview with Sufis at the heart of organic universal order. Shah Waliullah interpreted the social disorder as the historical operation of the transcendent and willful God, declaring Islamic scriptures as the only authoritative guide for believers. Reformers translated the Qur’ān, preached to the masses, and established independent Muslim schools. Scripturalism expressed as literalism became puritanical resulting in sectarian fragmentation and conflict with Islamic and Christian reform. But the most disruptive change agent was technological: the printing press transformed scripture from oral and manuscript traditions, and the pervasive printed Qur’ān in local languages shaped individual and communal Muslim identity. The profound historical impact of religious reform with printed scripture could portend a new era with digital scripture in cyberspace.
Geoinformation and Cartographic Methods in the Research of the Rural Population Dynamics
Authors: Khavanskaya Natalya
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the dynamics of the rural population of Volgograd region for 1969–2010. The source materials of the study were archival statistical data on the population size of villages and rural settlements in 1969 and the results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census. The main purpose of the study has two components: the study of trends in the change of the rural population size and the spatial analysis of villages and rural settlements with different directions of the population dynamics. The main methods were the geoinformation and cartographic method, combining the possibilities of automated mapping according to classified indicators. The results of the work are two maps describing the dynamics of the population of villages and rural settlements. The author used such methods of cartographic representation as the method of cartodiagrams and the method of cartograms based on the classification of the numeric fields of attribute tables. The design and composition of maps was carried out in ArcGis 10.3 geographic information system. The generalized conclusion based on the materials of the work is the prevalence of population decline trends in villages and rural settlements, the strengthening of this trend in the direction from east to west of the region. Natural and geographical areas with a predominance of the tendency for the reduction of the rural population by 50% or more are highlighted: the coast of the rivers Khoper, Buzuluk, Tersa. An increase in the rural population is observed in the districts – suburban areas of Volgograd, the Volga-Ilovlinsky interfluve. The spatial analysis of the rural population dynamics made it possible to distinguish two zones: the western zone, in which the processes of the rural population reduction are the most intense, and the eastern zone, in which, along with a decrease in the population in a number of villages and settlements, its increase is observed.
Features of the Soil Cover of the Semi-Desert Ecotone in the South of the Volga Upland
Authors: Rulev Gleb , Rulev Alexander
Published: June 2021

The semi-desert ecotone of the south of the Volga Upland is part of the zonal macroecotone bordering the Eastern European steppes from the southeast. Under strained hydrothermal conditions, the microrelief plays a decisive role in the redistribution of atmospheric moisture. This article contains materials from 10-year studies of the soil and landscape cover of the contact zone of the south of the Volga Upland and the northern end of Ergeni. The so-called three-membered complex described 100 years ago by N.A. Dimo and B.A. Keller is not traced in the soil cover. The methodology of landscape-catenary sections was used by laying soil-geomorphological profiles and drilling wells with subsequent sampling of soils at 5 test sites. The soil cover of the watersheds of the sites is represented by complexes of light chestnut low-humic weakly alkalinized medium- and heavy-loam soils. A smaller area is occupied by meadow-chestnut soils of cavities and solonets. The structure of the soil cover of the slopes includes combinations and variations that transform into mesocatenes. In the mesocatene of balkas, zonal light chestnut turn into metamorphosed meadow-chestnut soils or drift dark-colored soils of the bottom of balkas. The semi-desert ecotone is almost completely located within the boundaries of the spread of light chestnut soils in Volgograd region. The structure of the soil cover of the ecotone is dominated by a twofold complex, where zonal light chestnut soils in combination with meadow-chestnut soils of cavities and solonets.
Deficiência como expressão da questão social
Authors: Cunha Ana Carolina Castro P
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Este artigo traz reflexões a respeito da deficiência como uma das expressões da questão social, de forma a considerar que as desvantagens sociais são geradas como consequência das noções de quais são os corpos produtivos e úteis à produção capitalista. Refletiu-se sobre como o processo da contradição das Políticas Sociais garante direitos sociais, permite a reprodução desse sistema e cria o sujeito ideal beneficiário.
Avaliação da Resistência Mecânica de Soldas de Filete Seguindo Especificações da Norma NBR 8800-2008
Authors: Teodoro Maicon Roberto , Varavallo Rogério , Pereira Henrique Boschetti , Manfrinato Marcos Dorigão , Rossino Luciana Sgarbi
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Ao analisar a norma ABNT NBR 8800-2008, foi constatado que não há consideração sobre a tensão ou compressão exercida nas regiões soldadas por filetes. O cálculo para dimensionamento de perna só leva em referência o cisalhamento da seção. Utilizando recursos como a simulação e o ensaio mecânico de tração, foi possível comparar as dimensões mínimas das pernas com a estipulada pela norma NBR. Realizou-se o processo de soldagem com eletrodo revestido, utilizando o aço estrutural ASTM A36, e para realização da soldagem foi empregado o eletrodo AWS A5.1 E7018. As soldagens focaram com tamanho de filetes com perna entre 3,5 mm e 7 mm que posteriormente estas juntas soldadas foram submetidas a ensaios de tração. Para a comparação dos resultados, foi empregado simulação numérica estática em tração pelo método dos elementos finitos com auxílio do software Abaqus®. Assim com os dados gerados através da simulação e o ensaio mecânico de tração pode-se legitimar as especificações da norma em relação ao tamanho mínimo de perna em relação à espessura da chapa.
Desigualdade de acesso ao Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras: uma interlocução com a perspectiva dos estudos de gênero
Authors: Gomes Catarina Barbosa Torres
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Este artigo se propõe a apresentar e discutir parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla expondo o perfil sociológico do bolsista do Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras sob as perspectivas da divisão sexual nas áreas de conhecimento e na mobilidade acadêmica internacional. O enfoque engloba a análise da participação das mulheres nessa mobilidade, no âmbito do País, e estreita-se de modo mais detalhado sobre o campus empírico do estudo, que é a Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). A discussão central aborda o percentual de mulheres que participaram do Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras, indagando as possíveis razões que impactaram essa participação tanto sob a perspectiva da literatura que investiga a divisão sexual na pesquisa científica no Brasil quanto da proficiência linguística. Ademais, estabelece-se uma comparação entre o contingente feminino de bolsistas no Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras e outros programas de mobilidade acadêmica no mundo.
Fracture of upper incisors: a three-year follow-up of a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: CALDAS Ricardo Armini , VIEIRA Henrique Heringuer , MOURA Lucas Alves , BACCHI Atais , BARÃO Valentim Adelino Ricardo , LIMA Débora Alves Nunes Leite
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Multiple clinical specialties are usually needed for a successful long-term treatment in buccal cavity. The aim of this article is to report a clinical case of multi-disciplinary rehabilitation of fracture upper incisors without pulp exposure, concerning about endodontics, periodontics and restorative dentistry comments or procedures. A case of a patient reporting trauma that resulted in fracture and substantial loss of hard tissue, in mesial angle of both upper central incisors (11 and 21). In palatal side, fracture extended beyond cingulum up to subgingival region. Periodontal surgery was performed in order to reestablish biological space. Clinical and radiographic assessments demonstrated no need for endodontic treatment, since pulp was vital and non-altered. Preparations for restorative procedures were minimally invasive, followed by composite direct. A three-year follow-up was performed, consisting in re-assessment of clinical and radiographic aspects, re-polishing of the restorations and photographic documentation. No pulp tissue alteration was observed after the follow-up period. Restorative procedures, adjacent tissues and pulp vitality were considered adequate, and the patient was satisfied with the treatment.
Relationship between social capital and the experience of dental carie: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: DAMASCENO Aline Amaro , PEREIRA Antônio Carlos , SOUZA Andreza Maria Luzia Baldo de , GUERRA Luciane Miranda , CAVALCANTE Denise de Fatima Barros , GONDINHO Brunna Verna Castro , BULGARELI Jaqueline Vilela
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective Understanding the individual and collective behavior of individuals about their oral health conditions is important to prevent and control of dental caries. This study aimed to seek evidence of the relationship between social capital and caries experience. Methods Using a systematic review with meta-analysis, we searched articles in PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, LILACS, IBECS, BBO, SCIELO, The Cochrane Library and MEDLINE databases. Studies with humans, of all ages and languages, published until July 2019, which related social capital to the caries experience, were included in this review. Results We identified 1163 articles evaluated considering inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving 5 articles selected to compose the study sample, and only 3 included in the meta-analysis. In the final analysis p value was significant (p <0.001), showing that both social cohesion and neighborhood empowerment are associated with the caries experience. In the random model, the individual has 2.39 chances of not having the caries disease. The results reinforce the importance of community social capital in the caries experience of individuals. Conclusions The high level of community social capital is directly related to lower caries experience rates.
Oligopólios e publicação científica: a busca por impacto na América Latina
Authors: NEUBERT Patricia da Silva , RODRIGUES Rosângela Schwarz
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo investiga os editores da produção científica latino-americana. Os dados coletados na Web of Science entre os anos de 2014 a 2016 mostram 251.312 artigos em 11.965 periódicos, publicados majoritariamente por editoras comerciais (56,48%), dentre as quais se destacam Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, Taylor & Francis e Sage Group. Essas instituições concentram o maior volume de títulos e artigos em Ciências da Vida & Biomedicina, Ciências Físicas e em Tecnologia. Nas Ciências Sociais e Artes & Humanidades sobressaem-se os editores universitários da região. Discute-se o investimento para publicar ao estimar os valores das taxas de publicação cobradas pelos títulos com maior número de artigos. A conclusão aponta a relevância da editoria universitária regional para publicação em títulos mainstream nos campos relegados pela Web of Science e seu papel na promoção do acesso aberto pela via platina. Por fim, aponta-se o papel exercido pelos grandes editores comerciais no acompanhamento de demandas de abertura científica, sem perda de mercado.
Development and validation of an ultrasound imaging software for nondestructive evaluation of concrete pavements
Authors: Seiffert Henrique Luiz de Lima , Balbo José Tadeu
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: A Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique-based ultrasound imaging software was developed and validated in this work. The software development process was discussed in detail. For validation, Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements were imaged with the evaluated software and a software assumed to yield standard images. The quality of the standard and evaluated images were analyzed and compared. The backwalls and dowels were recognizable in the standard and evaluated images. The thickness estimates obtained with each software was the same. The characteristics of objects and artifacts were explained in terms of the technology’s fundamentals and its implementations’ characteristics. The evaluated software resulted, therefore, in images of similar quality to the standard software’s images from a practical standpoint. The herein developed software was then validated for research on nondestructive evaluation of concrete pavements and can be used for testing and development of performance-improving signal and image processing techniques.
Anatomical variations of bronchial distribution in the upper lobe of the right lung
Authors:   Laboratoire d’Anatomie et Organogénèse. Faculté de Médecine  UCAD-Sénégal, Sokhna Astou THIAM , Ndeye Bigué MAR ,   Laboratoire d’Anatomie UFR des sciences de la santé Université Iba Der Thiam de Thiès, Karim YACOUBA GARBA ,   Laboratoire d’Anatomie et Organogénèse. Faculté de Médecine  UCAD-Sénégal, Issa Dior SECK ,   Laboratoire d’Anatomie et Organogénèse. Faculté de Médecine  UCAD-Sénégal, Racky WADE ,   Laboratoire d’Anatomie et Organogénèse. Faculté de Médecine  UCAD-Sénégal, Harouna Daouda TIREIR A ,   Laboratoire d’Anatomie et Organogénèse. Faculté de Médecine  UCAD-Sénégal, bdoulaye NDIAYE A ,   Laboratoire d’Anatomie et Organogénèse. Faculté de Médecine  UCAD-Sénégal, Assane NDIAYE ,   Laboratoire d’Anatomie. UFR des sciences de la santé. Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor-Sénégal,   Clinique de Chirurgie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire. Hôpital de FANN. Dakar-Sénégal
Published: June 2021

Bronchial distribution in the upper lobe of the right lung is subject to many anatomical variations. The control of these variations is essential for the interpretation of endoscopic examinations. It also offers a better guarantee for safe surgery during segmentations in the right upper lobe. In this preliminary work, the operation of 30 heart-lung blocks treated by the injection-corrosion method, 100 CT chest and dissections of 3 resected specimen of right upper lobectomy, allowed us to study the bronchial distribution in the upper lobe of the right lung as well as their anatomical variations in melanoderm subjects. Our results were as follows: out of the 133 specimens, the right upper lobar bronchus was born on average 1.8 cm from the tracheal bifurcation, with an average length of 1.75 cm. There were 6 termination modes, dominated by bifurcations, which involved 52% of the specimens, and in 5 modes. Trifurcation accounted for 47.37% of cases. There was a case of quadrifurcation. These results allowed us to discuss anatomical variations of the bronchial shaft of the upper lobe of the right lung. Taking into account these variations will allow to avoid pitfalls and accidents during endoscopic examinations, medical imaging and pulmonary exeresis. KEY WORDS: Bronchi-Right Upper Lobe-Anatomy-Variations- Endoscopy-Imaging-Surgery.
The bilingualism of the Hungarians from Transylvania: between rescuing the language and integration
Authors: Horváth István
Published: June 2021

The renegotiation and redefinition of the (official and informal) status of minority languages constituted one of the key-issues regarding interethnic relations from Romania in the last decades. The study of Horváth István sheds light on the antagonisms between the professional (administrative) and the political perspectives on this problem, and analyses the divers attitudes towards bilingualism declared by the Hungarian from Transylvania. It ought to constitute object of professional reflection the assumption that only minorities should hold the burden of cultural integration, an assumption taken for granted in many professional circles. In the same time, more attention should be driven to the ways members of ethnic minorities relate to bilingualism. On the basis of empirical data, the author argues that approximately one-quarter of the Hungarians from Romania use Romanian as their second language in those communication-situations where social class or local identities are expressed as well.
Students political culture
Authors: Ercsei Kálmán , Geambasu Réka
Published: June 2021

The paper investigates and interprets results of a survey on participants of the Balvanyos/Tusnad/Tusvanyos Summer University and Students’ Camp, 2001. The authors (Kálmán Ercsei, Réka Geambasu) are sociologists, and work with the Babes-Bolyai University
„Charcoal-burners”
Authors: Kinda István , Peti Lehel
Published: June 2021

Although there are a large number of papers dealing with overpopulation and periodical migration, they seem to omit the village and its closer geographical environment. The changes of social structure and life-strategies in sekler villages has also been subject to investigation, but none of these researches deals with these problems as they arise in Farkaslaka. Besides following up the local aspects of changes on the macro level in sekler society, our questions focus on a determining aspect of social change in this village: the culture of entrepreneurship. The authors (Kinda Istvánand, Peti Lehel MA students of the Babes-Bolyai University, researchers in ethnology) claim that the emergence of the culture of entrepreneurship is one of the most important processes in the recent past and present of the village; and by describing it, they attempt to draw the image of a local society. The group in focus: charcoal-burners
Goodwill and competence –two components of trust in the light of an entrepreneurial survey conducted in Hungary
Authors: Kopasz Marianna
Published: June 2021

Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest in 2003, as part of an enterprise panel research. The principle goal of the research was to study the factors influencing the level of trust buyer firms place in their suppliers (contractual trust). According to the main findings, the level of contractual trust is affected by the time horizon of planning, the prior cooperation between the firm and its partners, and the trusting attitude of the firm leader (in the sense of generalized trust) but is not influenced by the concentration of the market. The article also examines the question of whether the introduction of quality standards serves as a means for producing trust
Internet as a means of communication in the Szeklerland, in the marketing of localities
Authors: Nagy Benedek
Published: June 2021

The study examines the role played by the Internet in the marketing of localities, based on the experience of an empirical research about web-pages of towns in the Szekler region. Following a theoretical grounding – which presents the 20th century history of the formation and headway of town marketing – the analysis discusses the communication of Szekler towns following 1989, and the effects of Szekler urban configuration on marketing approach. It examines the perspectives prevailing during the towns' processes of 'electronic adaptation', whether the examined web-pages reflect harmony between the image of the town as a product and communication, whether authentic or newly designed systems of symbols appear, to strengthen the identity of the town, whether essential economic, demographic and other important pieces of information oriented to fundamental target segments are present or not.
Generating CHARMM compatible force field parameters for atrazine
Authors: Ecker János
Published: June 2021

There are many synthetic, drug-like molecules whose interactions with large biomolecules could be partly described by molecular dynamics studies. The parameters necessary to perform an MD simulation are available for biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates) and for many other small chemical compounds with biological relevance. In case of uncharacterized molecules, parameter sets can be calculated using quantummechanical calculations. The optimized geometry, van der Waals, charge, bond, angle and torsion parameters for the photosystem II-inhibitor herbicide, atrazine, were calculated and integrated into a CHARMM-compatible parameter file. The file (.par) is available, along with the coordinates (.pdb), structure (.psf) and topology (.top), and with this four type of data, atrazine may be part of CHARMM-based molecular dynamics simulations, therefore, its interactions with biomolecules can be studied.