bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the relationship between time and traffic flow on motorways
Authors: Pechatnova E V , Kuznetsov V N
Published: November 2019

Mathematical modeling of traffic flow is necessary for development of the Intelligent Transportation Systems, increase in the efficiency of preventive road safety measures, as well as road maintenance planning. The paper presents the results of mathematical modeling of traffic flow on motorways. It bases on data analysis obtained from traffic sensors. In previous studies, a model was obtained for predicting the traffic volume on the roads of the suburban area. However, it is not fully suitable for the assessment of similar processes on the roads outside settlements. The multiplicative model is adopted as the basis. The graphic patterns of the traffic flow distribution, depending on the hour of the day and the day of the week, are given. It bases on the data of traffic flows from the A-322. As the result of approximation, functional dependences in the form of periodic functions were found. The adequacy of the model is evaluated by comparing actual and model data. The results indicate applicability of the proposed model for traffic flow forecasting on any sections of motorways.
Syntactical analysis of context-free languages taking into account order of application of productions
Authors: Kishkan V V , Safonov K V , Tsarev R Yu
Published: November 2019

The article sets the task of syntactical analysis of monomials of context-free languages taking into account the order of application of productions in the process of outputting monomials. An attribute model of the process, which defines the description of the process being modeled as business process models, correlates with the level of context-free languages. The business process, presented in the form of a structural model, uses the alphabet and syntax of a specific modeling language, which allows the process to be described independently of the subject area. The problem of syntactical analysis is supplemented as follows. Developing a deadlock algorithm to determine whether makes is possible to obtain a monomial from the initial symbol using the productions of a given context-free language. Determining the choice of productions and number of times was used to derive this monomial and establish the order of using these productions. The article proposes the completed method of monomial labels which allows establishing the order of application of productions. Based on this method, research technologies of programming language that are of interest to the software industry can be developed.
Consideration of the effectiveness of cryotherapy for different thicknesses of the skin using numerical modelling
Authors: Yerezhep D , Yemelyanov A , Kuznetsov Y , Perminov A , Pronin V , Minikaev A , Yerezhep A
Published: November 2019

In this paper, a method for measuring the temperature of the integumentary tissues of a person during a general cryotherapy treatment (WBC) is considered. The authors investigated the physical processes in the device for cryotherapeutic effects on the human body (cryosauna). Also we constructed the computer model of the object of study, using the finite element method. The mathematical model allows you to calculate the temperature of the integumentary tissue during the WBC procedure and at its end. The dependence of the intensity of heat loss on the thickness of the covering tissues was studied. The Bioheat Transfer module was used, which allowed taking into account thermal effects. Recommendations on the choice of cryosauna modes are formulated. Research aims to improve the efficacy and safety of WBC due to the individual characteristics of patients.
A mathematical model of the pulsator for cleaning paraffin deposits of pipelines and downhole equipment
Authors: Zaripova L M , Gabdrakhimov M S
Published: November 2019

An important task for the oil industry is considered the issue of cleaning paraffin deposits of downhole and surface equipment; Xmas tree, oil gathering pipelines, oil treatment plants. As a result of the paraffin blockage, there is a decrease in oil production, an increase in pressure drop in pipelines, disruption of the normal operation of oil collection and treatment devices, the field operation itself is still difficult, therefore preventing and removing paraffin deposits with various cleaning methods is a pressing problem in the oil industry.
Automated control system of electric drive with doubly fed induction motor
Authors: Avlasko P V , Bronov S A , Antonenko D A , Avlasko Z A
Published: November 2019

The article describes the development of an automated control system for electric drives, which includes a doubly fed induction motor, a digital position sensor and National Instruments equipment, represented by the PXI modular platform and LabVIEW software. The features of the interaction of software and hardware of the electric drive control system are considered. During operation, the system uses various levels of interaction of virtual instruments within one project. Thus, the use of virtual instruments of the project occurs at the level of the personal computer of the workplace, controller and the module with a programmable logic integrated circuit. The method of using a dynamically connected library for the calculation of parameters and state variables of the electric drive in real time is presented.
State-feedback based adaptive control algorithm of the active electromagnetic bearing
Authors: Dymov I S , Kotin D A , Elanakova V A
Published: November 2019

The paper is devoted to the development and investigation of automatic adaptive control system of electric machine rotor radial displacement stabilization with active magnetic bearings. A new approach of solving the problem of stabilizing the rotating element of motor, based on active current updating of the spatial position is offered. The development of automatic control algorithm is done using the Lyapunov function method. The paper describes the way of constructive implementation of this method, structural synthesis methodology of control law, as well as the results of simulation, confirming potential of conducted research. Practical implementation of the developed system will increase the parametric reliability of electrical equipment for various purposes.
Computer-aided detection of the optimal spraying modes of coatings based on intermetallic titanium-aluminum alloys
Authors: Jordan V I , Blednov V A
Published: November 2019

The computational experiments results on simulation of a layered structure formation and the prediction of characteristics (porosity, roughness, adhesion) of metallic coatings based on intermetallic titanium-aluminum alloys (α2-Ti3Al, γ-TiAl and TiAl3) are given. The coatings under conditions typical of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and for high-velocity spraying (HVOF, D-Gun Spraying, etc.) by computer-aided design have been prepared. The ranges of the “key physical parameters (KPPs)” values of the sprayed particles, which ensure the stable formation of spreading and solidified melt particles (splats) on the sprayed surface for each of the three types of intermetallic titanium-aluminum coatings, have been detected. Taking into account the stable splat formation conditions, as well as the minimum of porosity (and roughness) and the maximum adhesion strength of the simulated coatings, the optimal spraying modes of coatings based on intermetallic titanium-aluminum alloys (Ti3Al, TiAl and TiAl3) were determined.
Automatic control systems with a synthesis of the transmitting function of single-cycle DC/DC converters
Authors: Myatezh A V , Lukyanova E A , Zhigalov K Yu
Published: November 2019

The article describes the effect of reducing general operating speed of the automatic control system which deteriorates the performance. Synthesis of the response function of the pulse converter was analyzed. The function takes into account the time of a electromagnetic transient process of the single-cycle converter. A mathematical model of the DC/DC converter as part of the element base of an adjustable electric drive was built.
Application of linear programming techniques to optimize the choice of coal and water coal fuel
Authors: Osintsev K V , Prikhodko Iu S
Published: November 2019

It is proposed to put the linear programming method into the basis of the optimization problem of a mathematical economic model of fuel type selection in the boiler house. The linear programming method is used in modern computer programs for calculating various economic models. It is proposed to use graphical or vector methods for solving optimization problems when constructing a mathematical model after analyzing the boiler room operation data. Scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time it is proposed to use linear programming methods for an energy technology complex when choosing coal-water fuel based on various coals. Such calculation algorithms allow us to make recommendations to reduce fuel losses during transportation and storage. The solution of the optimization problem of a mathematical economic model can lead to a significant reduction in fuel consumption and an increase in economic efficiency when using energy technology complexes based on coal-water fuel.
Control over parameters of ESCP unit to improve efficiency in bringing wells to stable production using a frequency-controlled drive on R. Trebs oil field
Authors: Suleimanov R I , Khabibullin M Ya , Suleimanov Re I
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the results of technological process of bringing an oil well to stable production; the well is equipped with an electric submersible centrifugal pump unit, its drive function is changed by a frequency-controlled drive. The paper presents data obtained while bringing an oil well to stable production: the liquid flow rate, oil flow rate, operating current, submersible electric motor loading, current frequency, water content of the products. The authors describe the process and specific aspects of bringing an oil well to stable production, conditions necessary for the process, variation of operation parameters. Recommendations were developed to ensure optimal operation of oil wells equipped with electric submersible centrifugal pump units considering technological and economic costs.
Managing the reliability of the tubing string in impulse non-stationary flooding
Authors: Khabibullin M Ya
Published: November 2019

Impulse non-stationary flooding requires managing the processes influencing reliability and durability of the tubing string. In this case, it is necessary to determine the medium displacement for known dimensional parameters and stress fields, while taking into account the dynamic solution for the low-frequency limit. The results obtained from the analysis are compared against the measurements performed by various authors. Assuming there is a certain frequency of injected fluid oscillation or pressure pulses, one could expect that the radial movement is in equilibrium with the pressure existing at any given period of time. As a result, expressions describing the behavior of impulse waves propagating along the pipe wall were obtained. The reflected waves appear in all cases: whether the change in speed is caused by a change in the pipe wall thickness, Young modulus or shear rigidity of the environment. Changes in density or bulk modulus of the injected fluid or in the radius of the wellbore also cause reflected waves; all the waves may be described by a single equation.
Automation of determining the parameters of the asynchronous motor short-circuit mode
Authors: Shevchenko A A , Temlyakova Z S , Vilberger M E , Temlyakov A A
Published: November 2019

The research subjects are asynchronous motors of the type ATM4 in the power range from 400 to 8000 kW produced by NPO “ELSIB” PAO. The article proposes a method for optimizing the calculation of heating parts of the active volume of large asynchronous motors in the short-circuit mode of the engine. The calculation method is based on the fundamental provisions of the theory of electric machines. The purpose of the study is to automate the calculation of heating different parts of the active volume of the motor. The calculation of heating is determined by the need to preserve the operability of the motor in the event of emergency situations in production. The originality of the study lies in the fact that the algorithm for calculating the time to achieve critical heating of various parts of the active volume of the asynchronous motor is modified based on known positions. This provides the correct protection against the effects of thermal overheating. The results of the study are presented on a specific example of the motor.
State and prospects of industrial robotics in shipbuilding
Authors: Novikov A V , Barmin A A , Mudrova A A , Yasinskaya U V
Published: November 2019

The production process of any type of product today is difficult to imagine without the use of industrial robots. Their versatility, production flexibility and wide technological capabilities make them an indispensable tool in modern manufacturing, including in such economically and strategically important industry as shipbuilding. In this regard, according to the authors, it is advisable to analyze the current situation and prospects for the use of robotization in industry, in particular, shipbuilding in Russia and abroad. The article presents statistical data on indicators of the level of robotization of domestic and foreign industry; describes the trends in the development of industry during its robotization, indicates the scope of application of industrial robots, etc. The factors of expediency of using robots in industry are analyzed. The inevitability of the general growth of industrial robotization and, as a result, a change in the economic structure in developed countries and, possibly with a certain lag in Russia has been substantiated. Identified problematic issues associated with the introduction and use of industrial robots in the domestic industry, in particular, shipbuilding.
Thermal imaging complex with tracking function for joint research of microheterogeneous processes and macrokinetics of SHS phenomenon
Authors: Dolmatov A V , Gulyaev P Yu
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the features of the method of chrono-topographical analysis of high-resolution thermal imaging data. Robotic foundations of the organization of a thermal imaging complex with a tracking function and the formation of a single chronographic map of the SHS phenomenon based on the results of temperature observations in several areas are described. It is shown that with the same measurement error of the propagation velocity of a SHS wave, a complex with a tracking function has a greater information power than a thermal imaging system with a single observation area. The approbation of the measuring complex during the investigation of SHS in the model Ni-Al system was performed. A joint analysis of heterogeneous processes revealed a similarity in the character of the propagation of combustion centers along the SHS wave front and the motion of the front itself. Based on the chronographic maps of the SHS process, it was found that there were two types of foci in the reaction wave, which differed in the dynamics of the boundary propagation along the front.
Hardware and algorithm of digital protection of electrified railway transport
Authors: Kuznetsov Sergey M. , Arshinova Svetlana M. , Avetisyan Karen R
Published: November 2019

The paper analyzes current analog protection devices, presents an experiment on the introduction of digital terminals, considers the possibility of improving the efficiency of digital protection system of direct current within traction railroad net-work.
Simulation of the parametrs of the acrylic and specular light pipe for transmitting light radiation of the LED matrix
Authors: Loshkarev I Yu , Sterhov A I , Petrov K A
Published: November 2019

In this article, we simulated the parametrs of an acrylic and specular light pipe to transmit radiation from the LED matrix. The results of the experiment can be estimated using the dependence of the light flux on the number of reflections in the specular light pipe. Evaluation was conducted in the software package “Mathcad”. The possibility of providing illumination from 6 to 30 lx using the system of transportation of artificial light of roads \ streets \ squares depends on the class of the object. The study of the transmission of light through a specular and acrylic light pipe has shown that under equal conditions of light transport (the same power, the same aperture, the equal length of the light pipe, the same diameter of the light pipe), the acrylic fiber has the advantage. Losses using acrylic light pipe of 2000 mm are 24% whereas using specular light pipe they are 45%. However, if there is no limitation in the diameter of the light pipe, then it is preferable to use a specular one. For example, at 150 mm the losses are no more than 13%, which is not achieved with an acrylic light pipe even with a diameter of 10 mm, since when the radiation aperture is kept, a reduction in diameter leads to an increase of the interaction of the radiation with the walls of the acrylic rod and increase of the optical path.
Promising algorithm for diagnosing vehicle ignition coils
Authors: Myatezh A V , Kochetkova L I , Akifeva E V , Ivanov A V
Published: November 2019

The principle of performance of all elements, and their interconnection are described. A failure in one element causes a failure in the entire system and impossibility of movement. The analysis of key processes was carried out. Conclusions about responsible elements were drawn. An ignition coil that generates high voltage during the spark formation is one of the elements. Its technical state was studied; its regular monitoring was suggested.
Magnetodielectric AC measuring transducer for automation systems in oil refineries
Authors: Fugarov D D , Purchina O A , Poluyan A Yu , Gerasimenko A N , Rasteryaev N V
Published: November 2019

The purpose of the study covers theoretical analysis and mathematical modeling of alternating current measuring transducers based on magnetodielectric cores for automation systems in oil refineries. The paper describes the analytical study of the magnetization curve, creation of the equivalent circuit and thus obtained mathematical model of a transducer, numerical study of the proposed transducer, as well as the contrastive analysis of transducers currently used to measure the current.
The use of vehicle-to-grid technology for the integration of electric vehicles in the power system of the city
Authors: Zhukovskiy Y L , Suslikov P K , Russkih N I , Korolev N.A.
Published: November 2019

This paper analyzes the possibility of using electric vehicles as a controlled distributed generator. Aggregation of demand and supply for electric power with the participation of batteries allows us to solve the problem of the development of the electric grid infrastructure of megacities. The absence in some areas of the city of opportunities for technological connection of consumers and significant deterioration of the network infrastructure is solved by the integration of electric vehicles in the city’s power system. The article shows that information technology allows you to control the energy curve over time. At the same time, the power schedule in the loaded power centers will be deprived of pronounced highs and lows, which favorably affects the loading of generating capacities. Informatization of electric transport and the use of a digital platform will eventually become part of the concept of “smart city”.
Fog computing in new approach for monitoring of hazardous phenomena
Authors: Melnik E V , Orda-Zhigulina M V , Orda-Zhigulina D V , Ivanov D Y , Rodina A A
Published: November 2019

This paper presents an investigation on applying fog computing to develop a new system of forecasting and monitoring of hazardous phenomena and ensuring the population safety. So, there have been various negative natural phenomena and processes that affect the coastal areas and coastal infrastructure in Ponto-Caspian region recently. Currently, data of hydrological, meteorological and biological monitoring systems are splitted. At present one of the promising trends of developing new methods and algorithms for the forecasting and monitoring systems of natural hazardous phenomena is processing of large volumes of unstructured data coming from various sources, detectors and so on. The authors of the paper estimate the developing of the methods and algorithms of forecasting and monitoring of hazardous phenomena and ensuring the population safety that could be realized in the base of fog computing.
Optimal organization of multi-profile production
Authors: Pishchukhin A M , Akhmedyanova G F
Published: November 2019

The effectiveness of the use of modern production equipment to a large extent depends on its workload. However, it is impossible to manufacture only one type of product; therefore, production becomes multi-profile, the role of coordinating it with the market increases. Both the market and the production process are stochastic, so the probabilistic agreement of these two processes on the basis of the Kolmogorov equation in the canonical form is considered. The level of coordination is estimated by the difference in the probability density that the market price for a given product exceeds the level of its production cost using the technology implemented in multi-production. The latter probability density assesses the readiness of technologies for implementation, including the availability of raw materials, materials, energy, serviceable equipment and devices — all of this consumes control resources. The optimal allocation of these control resources in the preparation of technologies can significantly improve production efficiency. Of practical significance is the revealed fact that the dependence of control actions on time is exponential: the value of organizational control resources decreases as it moves away from the moment when demand for this type of product arises. Dependence on demand is logarithmic and the value of organizational control resources increases with increasing demand for this type of product.
Modeling the priority directions of innovative development policy of timber processing complex enterprises based on correlation analysis
Authors: Shanin I I
Published: November 2019

When developing approaches according to innovative development of the timber industry enterprises, it is necessary to consider the strategy of innovative development of the production direction within its spatial and social and economic features. The system of assessment of indicators criteria has to contain the necessary indicators considering all levels of development of the enterprise before its functioning in world economic relationship. In the applied system of assessment of innovative development of the timber industry enterprises the available financial statistics and their updated data obtained on the basis of the offered new approaches to calculations have to be used. Each innovative process has to be in a condition of continuous development. During change of one process, another and some other change, i.e. the processes to some extent are interconnected among themselves. In certain cases ecologic-economic events seldom develop in an individual order, they have to form complexity of processes where the independent impact of each process on others, on degree of their hierarchy comes to light. During research of influence of a number of factors on one productive process, application of the analysis on the basis of a correlation and regression method with creation of the regression equations is possible. In this method interdependence of factors is considered; therefore, influence of each factor on this or that process is represented in more detail. In a correlation and regression method direct influence of a factor on a productive indicator, indirect influence of group of factors and influence of all set of factors on a productive indicator are considered.
The stress-strain state simulation of the aircraft fuselage stretch forming in the ANSYS
Authors: Andrianov I K , Stankevich A V
Published: November 2019

The work is devoted to the study of the stress-strain state of a thin-walled blank in the stretch forming process. The reasons for the occurrence of defects in the process of shaping, in particular ruptures, were investigated in this work. The task of the research was to assess the behavior of the blank in the process of loading, identify areas of unstable forming, zones of non-passing into the plasticity stage, as well as areas in which the strains reach the limit value. The analysis of the current state of the issue of scientific elaboration of the problem of defect-free coating is carried out. A finite element model of the stitching process is constructed, including models of the rigid surface of the punch and the sheet being molded. The loads were simulated using displacements in the longitudinal direction and rotations in the transverse plane of the workpiece sheet. As part of the study, the reasons for the breakdown of the stocking process in the process of stitching in the places where the sheet was clamped with sponges were determined.
Sequential analysis of variants and optimal design techniques for human-machine systems
Authors: Grif M G , Kochetov S A , Ganelina N D
Published: November 2019

The current paper considers automatic design of functioning processes of human-machine systems. The idea of models, methods and techniques that are discussed in the article is based on functional-structural theory and the generalized structural method, which was suggested by prof. A.I. Gubinsky. The process of functioning is presented as a sequence of simple operations - basic functional units, which can be combined into basic functional structures. Efficiency, quality and reliability of the functioning process are considered as local criteria in optimization problems. Basic design strategies for human-machine systems are given: a down-top, top-down approach and their combination. A definition of a system operation process as a notation based on binary relations between elements included in a functional net is presented. A special algorithm to determine whether a functional net defined as a set of binary relations between net elements can be reduced to a superposition of basic functional structures is stated. All alternative processes of operating of a human-machine system are formed by an alternative graph and its traversal ways. A directional search algorithm is applied to finding the optimal solution. It allows building partial solutions step-by-step. For equal (repeated) segments of a functional net the alternative graph is changed and solutions are produced by the specific optimized technique.
Development of computer-aided design system of sensitive elements of control and automation systems
Authors: Bibikov S V , Bolshakov V O , Kalinkina M E , Korobeynikov A G , Pirozhnikova O I , Tkalich V L
Published: November 2019

The subject of research is the element base of devices of control and automation systems used in modern weight- and force-measuring devices, in particular, consisting of annular elastic sensitive elements. The developing of annular elastic sensitive elements is based on the analysis of existing methods for calculating elastic elements, new algorithms and modified methods for calculating. The proposed automated methods for analyzing the statics and dynamics of the element base under investigation are based both on analytical methods of the classical mechanics of elastically deformed bodies and on numerical methods for the purpose of exploiting their advantages and compensating for the weaknesses. For the development of automated design systems for annular elastic sensitive elements, mathematical modeling of deformation processes in a solid was carried out and an analysis of their characteristics was carried out using the modern ANSYS software complex on the basis of the finite element method. The mathematical model of the annular elastic sensitive element has a high degree of adequacy, low laboriousness with high productivity and low time costs. The software package is based on generating the most geometric model, as well as creating nodes and elements. When calculating the frequencies and forms of free oscillations, a modal analysis is used for linear systems. The solutions obtained were refined by means of harmonic analysis and analysis of transient processes. The article proposes a new approach to calculate and design the force-measuring membrane elastic element of the force sensor used in industrial scales with modern computer simulation methods. The reasons for the sensor error are described. The possibility of reducing the nonlinearity of the elastic characteristic and hysteresis due to the geometric nonlinearity and dry friction in the supports is considered. Rational geometric parameters of the elastic element were determined by the methods of finite element modeling, which make it possible to significantly reduce measurement errors. The research results are implemented in the practice of calculating and designing real structures. The results of the dynamic calculation were compared with the experimental data. For this purpose, were used the bar-and-pic chart of application of load of the elastic sensitive elements. The developed system of computer-aided design of sensitive elements of annular elastic elements will allow to ensure the production of modern and competitive domestic element base of automation devices.
The procedure of developing the 3D model of a small-tonnage steel ship
Authors: Vorotnyuk A O , Nesin D U
Published: November 2019

This article deals with issues of development and consistency of industrial digital 3D-models of ships. Such models will incorporate a volumetric digital representation of the ship, hull structures, equipment, pipelines and pipe fittings, electrical equipment, propulsion devices, hull fittings that are described as a symbiosis of geometric models and numeric or alphanumeric attributes. The article describes an analysis of typical discrepancies (collisions), which would occur in a 3D model while designing a small-tonnage ship. The article provides some recommendations for the procedure of developing the 3D model of a small-tonnage steel ship. Those recommendations will considerably enhance the quality and speed of the development by avoiding a large number of typical collisions in the 3D model, while working in parallel. The proposed recommendations and rules have been worked out based on years of experience of developing 3D models of ships in high-level CAD. The worked-out-by-the-authors rules of priorities and sequence of developing a digital 3D model of the ship allow optimization of man-hours and ensure consistency of work being performed by different disciplines within the entity-the developer of the model.
A Mathematical Model of Tornado
Authors: Gavrikov M B , Taiurskii A A
Published: November 2019

We propose a mathematical model of tornado in the framework of continuum mechanics. According to this model, the swirling upward air motion in a tornado can be explained even without taking into account the Coriolis force or the vertical convection of warm air. Our results show that for a tornado to appear two factors are necessary: a powerful rotational motion of air in the upper atmosphere and the growth of air pressure from the center to the periphery of an expected region of tornado. The characteristics of air flow in tornado can be found by solving a boundary value problem for a nonlinear parabolic integro-differential equation for an unknown complex-valued temperature. We formulate this problem, propose an algorithm for its numerical solution, and examine its stationary solutions by the stabilization method.
Simulation of forest fires based on a two-dimensional three-phase model
Authors: Kuleshov A A , Myshetskaya E E , Yakush S E
Published: November 2019

A two-dimensional three-phase mathematical model of forest fires constructed by the method of averaging over the height of the forest fuel layer is considered. The gas phase in the model is described by gas dynamics equations with the k − ε turbulence model and the eddy breakup model to describe the rate of turbulent combustion and the rate of heat generation; the solid phase is described by a system of evolution equations for the change in the volume fractions of forest fuel and solid products of their pyrolysis with kinetic formulas for the rates of chemical reactions; and the disperse phase is described by the transfer equations for the mass and energy of solid burning particles in the wind field above the forest fuel layer. For the numerical implementation of the proposed model, a parallel software package is created. The results of calculations of the forest fire propagation with consideration of the basic physical-chemical processes and mechanisms typical of the real forest wildfire propagation are presented.
Optimization of the radiation transport calculation for quasi-one-dimensional model of the ionizing gas flows
Authors: Kozlov A N , Konovalov V S
Published: November 2019

Algorithms were developed to solve the problem of radiation transport based on the method of long characteristics, taking into account its optimization in the framework of the quasi-one-dimensional approximation used to study the axisymmetric flows of the ionizing gas in coaxial channels of plasma accelerators. The optimization of calculations of the integral radiation parameters allowed to significantly reduce the calculation time in comparison with three-dimensional model of radiation transport. Calculations of the radiation energy density and the radiation energy flux density, based on various methods, have shown that new algorithms provide high-quality solution of the radiation transport problem.
A new MPI/OpenMP code for numerical modeling of relativistic hydrodynamics by means adaptive nested meshes
Authors: Kulikov Igor , Chernykh Igor , Sapetina Anna , Prigarin Vladimir
Published: November 2019

Many astrophysical phenomena are associated with gas motion at relativistic velocities. The source of such currents are active galactic nuclei, microquasars, pulsars, gamma bursts, black holes, neutron stars, and gravitational waves. To study such phenomena, it is necessary to perform simulation within the scope of special relativistic hydrodynamics. One of the difficulties of modeling relativistic flows is the different scale of processes, which requires the use of both parallel computing and adaptive meshes.
Scalability investigation of parallel algorithms for plasma dynamics problems in open magnetic traps by simulation modeling
Authors: Weins D , Boronina M , Vshivkov V , Mesyats E , Dudnikova G , Chernykh I
Published: November 2019

This paper describes the use of predictive simulation modeling for investigating the scalability of parallel algorithms. The study is carried out using a multiagent approach. The general principles of designing a model for the execution of a parallel algorithm on a given supercomputer architecture are described along with their application for researching this algorithm. The paper also presents the results of simulating the execution of this algorithm on more than a million cores.
Synergetic urban microclimate and energy simulation parametric workflow
Authors: Natanian Jonathan , Maiullari Daniela , Yezioro Abraham , Auer Thomas
Published: November 2019

Although the interrelations between urban microclimates and energy demand have been acknowledged, few workflows integrate microclimatic boundary conditions to predict energy demand in parametric morphological studies. This paper helps bridge this gap by introducing a novel workflow which brings together energy and microclimatic modelling for a synergetic assessment at the block scale. The interrelation between form, energy and urban microclimatic conditions is explored here in the climatic context of Tel Aviv by coupling Envimet and EnergyPlus. The potential of this coupling is explored in three different block typologies, each tested for four different density scenarios focusing on the cooling demand on a typical hot day. Results show the substantial increase of as high as 50% in cooling demand when the microclimatic weather data is taken into account and indicate the potential to capitalize on new computational tools which allow to quantify the interrelations between urban form, microclimate and energy performance more accurately.
Mobile Urban Micrometeorological Monitoring (MUMiM)
Authors: Mauree Dasaraden , Coccolo Silvia , Deschamps Laurent , Loesch Pierre , Becquelin Paul , Scartezzini Jean-Louis
Published: November 2019

To understand the urban environment from a meteorological perspective in order to design better and more sustainable neighbourhoods, an open-source and low-cost meteorological device was developed and tested at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). The results underlined, for example, strong temperature gradients on the campus, particularly in built-up areas with a high density of artificial surfaces. Additionally, the outdoor human comfort was evaluated for multiple locations around the campus, underlying the impact of the urban surfaces as well as the city interface and the greening design. Such studies can be seen as crucial to provide information to stakeholders in the evaluation of their planning strategies either for mitigation (such as decrease of the urban heat island effect or greenhouse gas emissions) or for the adaptation (such as improvement of outdoor spaces to face future heat waves).
Bioclimatic building design considering urban microclimate
Authors: Lauzet Nicolas , Mauree Dasaraden , Colinart Thibaut , Musy Marjorie , Lapray Karine
Published: November 2019

The urban context is often simplified or neglected in building energy models (BEM) due to their incapacity to consider accurately all heat fluxes provided from the environment. Simplifying too much the urban context can have consequences on the accuracy of the BEM predictions. Many approaches exist to consider the impact of the urban environment on a building’s dynamic behaviour, its heating demand as well as the thermal comfort in summer. Taking into account BEM capabilities and the way consulting agencies work, a method is tested to consider the urban microclimate at the bioclimatic design stage of a building project.
Urban greening archetypes at the European scale
Authors: Houmani Cynthia , Krafess Ismaël , Coccolo Silvia , Mauree Dasaraden , Perera A.T. Dasun , Mohajeri Nahid , Scartezzini Jean Louis
Published: November 2019

Urban greening has great ecological, social and economic benefits for the built environment. It also has significant impacts on the microclimate and urban energy balance. In this study, we quantify the impacts of urban greening on the ground surface temperatures and the microclimate (e.g. the air temperature and the wind speed variation) as well as the cooling demand at the European scale. Specific archetypes for seventeen European cities are generated based on each city’s geometrical and statistical data. Additionally, several greening scenarios are proposed. The results show the positive effects of urban greening on mitigating rising ambient air temperatures, decreasing annual average ground-surface temperatures, and reducing the cooling demand, mostly in South European cities.
A morphological based PV generation and energy consumption predictive model for Singapore neighbourhood
Authors: Poon Kin Ho , Kaempf Jerome
Published: November 2019

The Singapore government emphasises the importance of sustainable development of the country and set an ambitious target for the adoption of solar power in 2014. Though solar energy is the most promising renewable energy source for Singapore, there is insufficient space for large scale PV panels deployment and hence PV systems have to be integrated into the building environment. Urban morphology determines the effectiveness of PV panels in the urban environment and hence it is important to design the new developments carefully. However, there is a lack of tool and knowledge to estimate the solar energy potential of a new planning zone, so this study developed morphological based PV output and energy consumption predictive models to identify the urban form for effective PV systems deployment by multilinear regression. Three equations are built for predicting the building cooling energy consumption, PV generation on rooftop and façade and the R2 of these three equations are 0.33, 0.44 and 0.48 respectively. The regression equations show that the urban setting for maximizing PV generation and minimizing cooling energy consumption is different. Furthermore, the low R2 values of the three equations reflects that building the predictive models by linear regression may not be the most suitable option and other machine learning algorithms should be explored.
IoT platform and infrastructure for data-driven optimization and control of building energy system operation
Authors: Brümmendorf Erik , Ziegeldorf Jan Henrik , Fütterer Johannes Peter
Published: November 2019

Optimizing the operation of energy systems as typically found in buildings, plants, and districts has the potential to greatly reduce primary energy consumption and maintenance expenses. Due to the complexity and nontransparency of these systems, costs of implementing optimizations may well consume or exceed potential savings. Data-driven methods for the automatic analysis and optimization of energy systems represent a promising solution to this dilemma. In this paper, we present a real-world IoT cloud platform for automatic data-driven analysis and control of energy systems that promotes usability, scalability, and efficiency. The presented solution has been successfully developed to market maturity in agile collaboration with industry and research, and is now commercially offered by aedifion GmbH.
Electricity analysis for energy management in neighbourhoods: Case study of a large housing cooperative in Norway
Authors: Sørensen Åse Lekang , Sartori Igor , Lindberg Karen Byskov , Andresen Inger
Published: November 2019

As a basis for energy management in apartment blocks, this paper characterises electricity use in a Norwegian housing cooperative with 1,058 apartments. In 2018, the average specific electricity delivery to apartments and common areas is 56.7 kWh/m2 or 2,301 kWh per resident, in addition to heat delivery from district heating. Average annual electricity use in the apartments is 4,362 kWh and average maximum hourly load is 3.2 kWh/h. The electricity coincidence factor is 0.323. The study suggests a potential for shifting electricity loads in time on a neighbourhood level, where especially EV charging can be utilized as a flexible load.
Application of the open-source cloud platform FIWARE for future building energy management systems
Authors: Storek T. , Lohmöller J. , Kümpel A. , Baranski M. , Müller D.
Published: November 2019

The integration of volatile, decentralized energy into building energy systems requires intelligent algorithms that are capable of controlling the augmented complexity and the interactions of subsystems efficiently. Not only do the algorithms require computing capacity, but also a feasible information and communication infrastructure. One possibility to provide computing power on demand is cloud computing that forms together with an extended connectivity of physical devices the Internet of Things (IoT). We present a customizable open-source IoT platform setup using FIWARE. For the integration of existing building automation networks, we extend an OpenMUC gateway with BACnet functionality and connect it to our platform via MQTT. We successfully demonstrate the overall setup with a web-based visualization of high resolution energy monitoring and a control loop as basic requirements for the integration of more advanced control algorithms in future building energy management systems. We find our setup generally feasible for both use cases and, hence, will aim for the integration of more advanced control algorithms in the future using the presented platform components.
Multi-agent based simulation of smart building cluster for electric grid stabilization
Authors: Hall Monika , Geissler Achim , Wache Holger
Published: November 2019

With the increasing number of photovoltaic systems and heat pumps in buildings existing substations of the electric grid could be overloaded. A multi-agent based simulation of a building cluster studies the impact of building flexibility in regard to the residual substation load. Each building announces its available flexibility, e.g. “heat pump can be switched off/on”. A master coordinator evaluates all incoming offers and decides which offers are accepted. This reduces the residual load at the substation. This paper presents results from a study of the impact at the substation of a smart urban building cluster with different penetration scenarios of heat pumps, photovoltaic systems, batteries and electric vehicles. It is shown that a high penetration of heat pumps and photovoltaic systems violates the substation’s limits for the studied building cluster. Batteries cannot reduce the peak utilization. The master coordinator’s load shifting options are limited.
The impact of urban texture on energy system design process
Authors: Perera A.T.D. , Coccolo Silvia , Monna Sameh , Scartezzini Jean-Louis , Mauree Dasaraden
Published: November 2019

This study evaluates the impact of urban planning decisions regarding building stock on energy system design and operation. Three urban planning scenarios are considered for an archetype neighbourhood in Nablus in Palestine. The distinguishing difference is that they have different albedo values for the building stock. A computational platform that combines building simulation, urban climate and energy system optimization (considering Net Present Value (NPV) and Grid Integration Level) is used to assess the scenarios. The study reveals that the annual or peak energy demand is not sufficient to compare two scenarios; it is important to consider energy demand pattern and the renewable energy potential, where an energy system design tool is important. Therefore, it can be concluded that the energy system design tools will play a major role in sustainable urban planning processes.
Identifying carbon emission reduction potentials of BIPV in high-density cities in Southeast Asia
Authors: Happle Gabriel , Shi Zhongming , Hsieh Shanshan , Ong Bolie , Fonseca Jimeno A , Schlueter Arno
Published: November 2019

We use life cycle analysis, urban building energy simulations and urban form generation to compare the operational carbon emissions of buildings with building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) in locations with different grid electricity mixes in Southeast Asia. Our results show that BIPV installations can reduce operational carbon emissions of buildings by up to ∼50%. The entire roofs and ∼40-100% of the facades should be activated for solar energy harvesting, depending on the context and urban form. Additionally, we prove that it is more effective to install BIPV in countries with high carbon intensive grid electricity mixes, independent of climate and urban form.
Investigations of speed controlled heat pumps for NZEB in IEA HPT Annex 49
Authors: Rominger Lukas , Wemhoener Carsten , Buesser Simon
Published: November 2019

Speed controlled heat pumps are entering more and more the heat pump markets for space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) applications. In this study the design and control of speed controlled air-to-water heat pumps in net zero energy buildings are investigated by simulations of a single family house. The results confirm an increase in efficiency by using a speed controlled heat pump compared to an on/off controlled heat pump both in heating mode and in DHW mode. Further on, the correct sizing and control of a speed controlled heat pump is also important to reach a high efficiency.