bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pinpointing outliers in experimental data: the Hat matrix in Anova for fixed and mixed effects models
Authors: Orenti Annalisa , Marano Giuseppe , Boracchi Patrizia , Marubini Ettore
Published: June 2024

The Hat (H) matrix and in particular the elements of its principal diagonal (leverages) have a paramount importance in multiple regression analysis in order to pinpoint possible outliers and/or influential points as components of several regression diagnostics. This note presents some features of the H matrix and residuals for ANOVA models of experimental designs. For fixed effects models, the values of the elements of H are discussed in completely randomized, randomized complete block and Latin squares designs. The increasing complexity of the design structure leads to different patterns, with increasing values of the corresponding leverages (hii). For mixed effects models, developments on leverage and residuals for marginal and conditional estimates are illustrated. The application of H matrix and residuals in fixed effects and mixed effects model is shown in a worked example. It is concluded that for H matrix in mixed models, an important role is played by the values of the variances of the random effects and the error term, and, consequently, by their method of estimation. Marginal and conditional studentized residuals provide different information about the data, and thus should be both used for model checking.
Personalization of antimicrobial dosing regimens: indicators of performance
Authors: Pea Federico , Cojutti Piergiorgio , Dose Lucia , Furian Cristina , Guarrera Giovanni , Furlanut Mario
Published: June 2024

Background: to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of the organizational system of a Clinical Pharmacological Service of an Italian tertiary care teaching hospital in providing advices (CPAs) to clinicians within timeframes useful for the personalization of antimicrobial dosing regimens in different patients’ populations according to the clinical benefit for patient care.
Methods: the frequency per week of the various typologies of CPA were defined on the basis of prior evaluations aimed at estimating the clinical benefit for patient care (high priority level, for antimicrobials used to treat acute infections in the critically ill patients; moderate priority level, for those used to treat cytomegalovirus infections in solid organ transplant recipients; mild priority level, for those used to treat chronic infections). The CPAs provided between December 2011and June 2012 represented the starting database. The measured turnaround time (TAT) of each CPA typology was used as an indicator of the performance of the organizational system according to a predefined scale (high, when within agreed timeframe; acceptable, when 1-2 days overdue; low, when > 2 days overdue).
Results: 6601 CPAs were provided (77.4% for AOUD and 22.6% for other hospitals), mainly for antimicrobials with high priority. The mean TAT was of < 24 hours for the CPAs provided 3 to 5 times per week, of < 48 hours for those provided 2 times per week, and of < 6 days for those provided once weekly or every over week. Overall, the performance was high, the percentage of overdue advices always less than 5%, irrespective of the CPA type. 
Conclusions: our study confirms the suitability of the organizational system of our Service to provide a thousand per month TDM-based CPAs within timeframes clinically useful for the individualization of the dosing regimens of several antimicrobials.
Genetic prediction of common complex disorders assessed by next generation sequencing and genome wide analysis
Authors: Dallapiccola Bruno , Mingarelli Rita , Boccia Stefania
Published: June 2024

Insight into the biological make-up of complex disorders can improve their diagnosis, lead to the discovery of new targets for therapy, increase awareness of genome-environment interactions in health and disease, and open the door to predictive medicine. More than 1 600 genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have been published, and have identified thousands of polymorphisms associated with more than 250 common diseases or traits. However, for most of the genomic variants identified so far, only inconclusive associations with complex diseases have been reported and for many of them their predictive value reaches the same level as the traditional risk. The limited value of these results is probably due to regulatory elements in 2-3% of the encoding genome, whose function has only recently been partially decrypted. Nevertheless, genomic sequencing is an attractive tool for personalized medicine. During the last few years several commercial ventures have begun marketing GWASs directly to consumers for medical, genealogic, and even recreational purposes. Although these tests show promise for the future, consumers should be aware of the unreliability of most of their results at the present time. The development of methods integrating clinical and genetic data together with a better understanding of the heritability of complex diseases will be necessary in the endeavour to progress towards a personalized medicine. In order to achieve maximum benefits from GWASs while keeping the disadvantages to a minimum, guidelines will be necessary to manage the technical advances and to meet the challenges involved in the clinical application of whole genomic sequencing.
A Case Study on the Development and Operation of a Korean History Course Incorporating Micro-learning for the Use of K-MOOC in Overseas Universitie
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Son Kyung A , Park Jean , Kwon Hoilym
Published: June 2024

This study analyzes cases of overseas instructors’ and learners’ educational experience in university using K-MOOC and proposes a method to develop micro-learning contents used on site. For conducting research, we developed a K-MOOC course operated by a domestic ‘K’ university into micro-learning contents and interviewed 15 overseas’s ‘A’ University students and instructors of Korean Studies who took the course. The results were presented in terms of the overall experience of using K-MOOC and users’ perceptions of micro-learning components. Both students and instructors initially had difficulty accessing the K-MOOC site in abroad. However, they showed a positive attitude toward the level of learning contents and reliable learning materials. And they were satisfied with obtaining of high-quality study material with easy. Simultaneously, instructors advised that video-editing function is necessary when using the provided K-MOOC contents as lecture reference materials. In terms of components of micro-learning contents, preliminary quiz and learning evaluation activities were impressive for students. Users were overall satisfied with it, because learning content organized by keywords allowed them to easily select the lectures they needed, and the short contents reduced learner’s burden. On the other hand, it was found that there was a lack of evaluation to confirm learning contents as well as questions and activities for expansive thinking. Based on the study, we presented examples of how to develop video contents and operate courses targeting users in overseas in order to use micro-learning K-MOOC contents.
Simulation on the Dispersion of Natural Gas and its Volume Cloud Distribution on an Offshore Fixed Platform
Authors: Cao Yang , Wang Honghong , Wang Haodong , Gao Yang , Sun Siheng
Published: June 2024

The formation, migration and volume distribution of gas clouds, which are dominated by natural gas after oil and gas leakage, are the material basis of fire and explosion accidents on offshore platforms. Based on an offshore platform as the background, this paper conducts research on the gas cloud using numerical simulation method, the selection of different wind speeds, leak leakage rate of quality, wind direction and the direction angle, the leakage of gas diffusion behaviour simulation studies and its size distribution. There is a “coupling” effect on the volume value of 5% CH4 cloud between different wind speeds, leakage mass rates, and wind direction and leakage direction. When the wind speed is 13 m/s, the leakage mass velocity is 8 kg/s, and the included angle between wind direction and leakage direction is 180°, the “coupling” effect on the volume value of 5% CH4 cloud increases significantly. The above research results can provide a reference for the reasonable division of process risk area, firewall design and quantitative risk assessment of fire and explosion of an offshore platform.
Current sensor fault-tolerant control based on modified Luenberger observers for safetycritical vector-controlled induction motor drives
Authors: Adamczyk Michal , Orłowska-Kowalska Teresa
Published: June 2024

Vector controlled drives require stator current information for use in current feedback and/or state variable estimators. That is why the detection and compensation of possible CS damage is so important. This article focuses on current sensor (CS) fault-tolerant control (FTC) in induction motor (IM) drive systems. In contrast to solutions known from the literature, two Modified Luenberger Observers (MLO) were applied, allowing for high-quality estimation of currents used in the detector and fault compensator. In a simple implementation of a detection algorithm based on residuals, an adaptive threshold coefficient was employed, enabling effective detection of various types of faults, regardless of whether the second current sensor was faulty or intact. The presented solution was evaluated during both motor and regenerative operation, with faults occurring in transient states, unlike solutions known in the literature.
Optimized design of truck cab lightweighting based on sensitivity hierarchical comparative analysis method
Authors: Wang Yiqun , Li Di , Wu Dongze , Li Yukuan , Wang Tao , Wang Xiaokun , Liu Shaoxun
Published: June 2024

The relative sensitivity analysis method is an important method in the field of vehicle lightweighting. Combined with optimization algorithms, experiment of design (DOE), etc., it can efficiently explore the impact of unit mass of components on performance and search for components with lightweight space. However, this method does not take into account the size level of each component and the order of magnitude differences in sensitivity under different operating conditions.Therefore, this paper proposed a sensitivity hierarchical comparative analysis method, on the basis of which the thicknesses of 10 groups of components were screened out as design variables by considering the lightweighting effect, cab performance and passive safety.Through the optimal Latin hypercube method, 70 groups of sample points were extracted to carry out the experimental design, the Kriging surrogate model was established and the NSGA-II genetic algorithm was used to obtain the Pareto optimal solution set, and ultimately a weight reduction of 13.13 kg was realized under the premise that all the performance of the cab has been improved.
Fault Type and Fault Location Detection in Transmission Lines with 6-Convolutional Layered CNN
Authors: Gümüs Bilal , Kılıç Heybet , Haydaroglu Cem , Butakın Ulvi Yusuf
Published: June 2024

In this article, we propose a data-driven method for short-circuit fault detection in transmission lines that exploits the capabilities of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). CNNs, a class of deep feedforward neural networks, can autonomously detect different features from data, eliminating the need for manual intervention. To mitigate the effects of noise and increase network robustness, we present a CNN architecture with six convolutional layers. The study uses a single busbar power system model developed with the PSCAD simulation program to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The proposed CNN method is also compared with machine learning methods such as LSTM, SVM and ELM. Our results show a high success rate of 98.4% across all fault impedances, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed CNN methods in accurately detecting short-circuit faults based on current and voltage measurements.
Exponential decay of transient values in positive nonlinear systems
Authors: Kaczorek Tadeusz
Published: June 2024

The exponential decay of transient values in nonlinear continuous-time standard and fractional orders with linear dynamical positive feedback systems and of positive linear parts is investigated. Sufficient conditions for the exponential decay of transient values in this class of positive nonlinear systems are established. Procedures for the computation of gains characterizing the class of nonlinear elements are given and illustrated in simple examples.
Phytochemical characterization by HS-SPME-GC-MS and exploration of the antifungal, insecticidal and repellent activity of Ptychotis verticillata essential oil
Authors: Elbouzidi Amine , Allali Aimad , Taibi Mohamed , Loukili El Hassania , El Guerrouj Bouchra , Bourhia Mohammed , Addi Mohamed , Chaabane Khalid , Mrabti Hanae Naceiri , Al-Mijalli Samiah Hamad , AL-Farga Ammmar , Bellaouchi Reda , Asehraou Abdeslam
Published: June 2024

The objective of this investigation was to assess the chemical makeup of essential oil derived from Ptychotis verticillata (PVEO), and to examine its antifungal, insecticidal, and repellent properties. PVEO was extracted through hydrodistillation, and its volatile constituents were analyzed using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of antifungal activity was carried out using the agar diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test against Candida glabrata, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium digitatum. We evaluated the repellent potential, as well as the contact and inhalation toxicity of PVEO against Callosobruchus maculatus. The results of the study indicated that the essential oil of P. verticillata was composed mainly of γ-Terpinen (25.86%), β-Cymene (18.70%) O-Cymen-5-ol (16.78) and α-Pinene (12.13%). PVEO showed potent antifungal activity against all strains tested. The results of insecticidal activity of this essential oil were promising in adult C. maculatus. At a dose of 20 ml · dm–3 of air, EO caused maximum mortality with an LC50 value of 5.64 ml · dm–3 for the inhalation test and 3.4 ml · dm–3 for the contact test. In addition, a significant decrease in the number of eggs laid and adult emergence was observed as EO doses increased, reaching a reduction of around 95% at a dose of 20 ml · dm–3 of air. In terms of repellent activity, PVEO also showed encouraging results. It demonstrated an average repellent activity of around 92 ± 10.95%. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations corroborated the in vitro results and demonstrated that specific p-Menthen-3-one compounds formed more robust hydrogen bonding interactions with the target receptors. These experiments underscore PVEO’s effectiveness as a fungicide against the tested fungal strains, demonstrating its role as a bio-insecticide against C. maculatus adults, and its potential as an appealing repellent. This suggests that PVEO could serve as a valuable alternative within integrated pest management strategies.
Control of citrus nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae) using plant-based products under in vitro and in vivo conditions
Authors: Asadi Seyedeh Zohreh , Jamali Salar , Ghadamyari Mohammad , Mottaghitalab Vahid
Published: June 2024

The citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipentrans) is one of the most important parasitic nematodes affecting citrus trees, causing gradual decline and reduced yield. Potential risks, high costs and environmental consequences of chemical compounds have led researchers to explore non-chemical methods such as using plant-based products for nematode management. The present study was conducted to control citrus nematodes using essential oil and water extract of Artemisia annua and methanolic extract of Melia azederach under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. In vitro bioassays were carried out, and the effects on toxicity, mortality, and egg hatching were assessed. The highest in vitro nematistatic activity was recorded for 250 ppm of A. annua essential oil and 500 ppm of M. azederach methanol extract by 100% paralysis of nematodes after 48 h. Furthermore, the highest nematicidal activity of A. annua essential oil, aqueous extract and methanolic extract of M. azederach was recorded to be about 60−100%, 40−87% and 38−100%, respectively. Among all concentrations of M. azederach methanolic extract and high concentrations of A. annua essential oil and aqueous extract, the repellents and motility inhibitors for nematodes were found. The results of egg hatching showed that essential oil of A. annua at a concentration of 250 ppm had the greatest reduction of egg hatching. In a greenhouse experiment, all the treatments were found to be significantly effective against the citrus nematode population in soil and roots compared to the control. Maximum reduction was observed in 500 ppm of methanolic extract of Melia azederach. Growth parameters (plant height, fresh and dry shoot and root weight) increased compared to the control when treatments were applied. Based on the results, plants such as A. annua and M. azedarach are considered to be promising control agents for citrus nematodes. The results indicate that products derived from these plants may be potential candidates for formulating new nematicides suitable for sustainable nematode management, although field trials are still needed to demonstrate their effectiveness for commercial use.
Semisynthetic compounds for controlling Colletotrichum lindemuthianum on bean seeds
Authors: Zabot Gisele Fabiana , Gaviria-Hernández Viviana , Jacobsen de Farias Cândida Renata , Zabot Giovani Leone
Published: June 2024

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the main diseases that affect the bean crop. The use of semisynthetic compounds for controlling anthracnose aims at providing a higher balance to the ecosystem and a lower environmental impact. Based on this context, the objective of this work was: a) to carry out the prospection of compounds such as Phenyl S Citral, Phenyl Se Citronellal, and Citral at concentrations of 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.0625, 0.0312, 0.0156, 0.0078, and 0.0039%, which were modified from the essential oil of citronella and lemongrass, for controlling C. lindemuthianum; b) to evaluate the initial performance of seedlings and treat the incidence of C. lindemuthianum in bean seeds with Phenyl S Citral and Phenyl Se Citronellal at concentrations of 0.125 and 0.0625%. Phenyl Se Citronellal at 0.5% controlled 100% of mycelial growth and Phenyl S Citral at 0.5 and 1% controlled more than 50% of mycelial growth of C. lindemuthianum. The treatment with Phenyl S Citral and Phenyl Se Citronellal did not affect the physiological quality of bean seeds while increasing seedling development when using the 0.0625% concentration of Phenyl Se Citronellal. Treatment with Phenyl Se Citronellal at both concentrations decreased the incidence of C. lindemuthianum infection.
BRICS: World Heavyweight in Agricultural Trade
Authors: Glauben Thomas , Duric Ivan
Published: June 2024

BRICS, the 15-year-old alliance of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, has emerged as an important actor on the global political and economic stage, not least by expanding its membership to include middle-power states Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates in early 2024. Much like the countries of the G7 and the EU, BRICS members are among the major players in international agri-food markets. BRICS and the G7 have accounted for around one-seventh of each other’s agricultural exports in the past decade. However, excessive protectionism and mounting sanctions as well as ideology-driven de-risking strategies are a high-risk venture that could ultimately lead to isolationism and the formation of blocs. Food insecurity is growing, primarily at the expense of poorer people in the Global South. Against this background, it seems advisable to balance geopolitical and geoeconomic interests by turning away from confrontational Stone Age politics and towards more cooperative approaches, such as more diplomacy.
Structural and Cyclical Risks in Housing Markets in OECD Countries
Authors: Just Tobias , Salzberger Hannah
Published: June 2024

This paper analyses the housing markets of OECD countries using a scoring model. This model is based on a European Systematic Risk Board approach to risk assessment of housing markets but extends this approach in two important ways. First, this paper distinguishes between cyclical and structural risk factors. Markets facing higher susceptibility to cyclical risks necessitate a distinct policy approach to prevent or handle disruptions, as opposed to markets primarily affected by structural risks. Second, it illustrates that scoring models contain subjective aspects, e.g. in the choice of weighting factors. We develop four distinct models to weigh risk factors. We show that these different weighing schemes have a significant impact on the estimated risk scores. For policy decisions, such models can therefore only be an indication of the vulnerability of housing markets to crises. Therefore, several scenarios and models should be calculated in parallel to reduce subjectivity.
Foundations and Challenges: Ethics in Consulting
Authors: Scheenstra Frederieke
Published: June 2024

This paper critically examines the principle of professional independence in the consulting industry, focusing on ethical challenges through the lenses of consequentialism and stakeholder theory. Utilizing a case study involving a Dutch media company’s acquisition bid, the analysis reveals the tension between maintaining professional independence and succumbing to client pressures, resulting in an inflated and ultimately unsuccessful bid. The discussion highlights the importance of consultants adhering to ethical standards, considering all stakeholders’ interests, and maintaining objectivity to ensure long-term beneficial outcomes. By integrating stakeholder theory and consequentialism, the paper underscores the necessity of ethical rigor and professional integrity in consulting practices.
Are you Hiring and Managing the Right Pi-Shaped People?
Authors: Kronick Murray
Published: June 2024

If we truly believe that “people are our greatest asset” as the old saying goes, we generally don’t treat them as assets. Traditional assets such as furniture, buildings and intellectual property are treated in a prescribed manner on financial statements as well as the ongoing care and maintenance of that asset. The author challenges the notion of considering people as expenses only and introduces five different models (or asset classes) of a management consulting firm’s greatest resource - its people. Some of these models have been around for decades, some are emerging, and all are changing with the incessant demand for adaptation of our management consulting industry worldwide.
Peningkatan kesadaran kesehatan rongga mulut pada komunitas taman edukasi anak pemulung di Gampong Jawa, Banda Aceh [Increasing awareness of oral health in the scavengers educational park community in Jawa Village, Banda Aceh]
Authors: Ossa Yuli Fatzia , Fitri Maida , Sari Maulidia Indah
Published: June 2024

Oral health can affect the overall health of the body, yet there are still many people who do not take care of their oral health. Many factors influence this, including lack of knowledge and cost constraints in maintaining oral health. This service aims to increase awareness of the importance of oral health in the Scavenger Children's Educational Park community. The method of the service is through counseling on the importance of maintaining oral health, teaching how to brush teeth, and conducting oral health screenings. From the oral cavity examination, 38 children were examined with the condition of deciduous teeth with cavities, namely 139 teeth. The number of permanent teeth with caries was 74. The caries index of permanent teeth obtained during the oral cavity examination of children in the age of 6-12 years in the educational park community is 1.73, and the caries index of milk teeth is 5.35. In conclusion, this service activity provided preliminary data on the oral health screening of the children of the Scavenger Children's Educational Park Community in Gampong Jawa. The high caries index in these children can be an input for health services, especially in Gampong Jawa, where children in the area deserve special attention.
Pemanfaatan limbah organik sebagai imuno herbal blok dalam peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat Desa Biting Kecamatan Badegan Ponorogo [Utilization of organic waste as immune herbal blocks in improving the economy of the people of Biting Village, Badegan Sub-District, Ponorogo]
Authors: Kurnijasanti Rochmah , Sudjarwo Sri Agus , Purwitasari Neny
Published: June 2024

This Community Service aims to improve the economy of the people of Biting Village, Badegan Sub-District, Ponorogo, through the use of organic waste, increasing the knowledge and skills of the community, through the technology transfer of producing Immune Herbal Block formulations based on organic waste to increase livestock growth. The methods used in this activity are tutorial, training, demonstration, practice and mentoring. The results of the Community Service implementation showed an increase in participants' knowledge about the use of organic waste from 25.75% to 90.25% and an increase in participants' skills regarding how to prepare Immune Herbal Blocks from 20.25% to 92.20%. Apart from increasing the knowledge and skills of Community Service participants in Biting Village, Badegan Sub-District, Ponorogo District, there has been a decrease in the average cost of additional feed, medicine, and vitamins per farmer from 1,650,000 Rupiah to 800,000 Rupiah. From the results of Community Service, it is hoped that the community's economy will improve, especially for livestock farmers in Biting Village, Badegan Sub-District, Ponorogo District.
EFISIENSI MODEL HORIZONTAL SUB-SURFACE FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND DENGAN AKAR WANGI (VETIVERIA ZIZANIOIDES) PADA PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR TERNAK BABI
Authors: Purnama I Gede Herry , Anggara I Made Tejamurti
Published: June 2024

Peternakan babi di Bali menghasilkan limbah ternak sekitar 46 ribu ton setiap tahunnya. Limbah cair ternak babi dapat membahayakan lingkungan dan makhluk hidup apabila langsung dibuang ke perairan atau sungai tanpa adanya pengolahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi penyisihan nilai parameter limbah cair ternak babi yang diolah menggunakan model Horizontal Sub-Surface Flow Constructed Wetland dengan Akar Wangi (Vetiveria Zizanioides) berdasarkan parameter BOD, COD, NH3-N, dan pH. Jenis penelitian ini adalah true experiment dengan desain pre-post with control group design. Tahapan penelitian dilakukan penyusunan model, uji coba, aklimatisasi tanaman dan proses start-up reaktor. Pengambilan sampel air limbah dilakukan setiap pengujian di hari ke-6, 12, 18 dan 25 dengan waktu detensi 2 hari. Air limbah bersumber dari peternakan babi yang berlokasi di Desa Batubulan, Kecamatan Sukawati. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan grab sampling dengan total 108 sampel uji di laboratorium. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efisiensi penyisihan keseluruhan nilai BOD, COD dan NH3-N pada reaktor ulangan secara berturut-turut sebesar 19,34%, 18,26%, dan 8,94% dan pada reaktor kontrol sebesar 24,68%, 24,67% dan 3,51% serta rentangan nilai pH sekitar 7,44 – 8,35. Kesimpulan yang didapat bahwa model ini belum cukup efisien dalam mengolah air limbah ternak babi sesuai dengan tiap parameter sehingga diperlukan berbagai upaya pengoptimalan kembali apabila model ini diterapkan untuk peternakan babi.
Kata Kunci: Efisiensi, Constructed Wetland, Akar Wangi (Vetiveria Zizanioides), Limbah Cair Ternak Babi
HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF LAYING HENS AFTER NEWCASTLE DISEASE VACCINATION
Authors: Kendran Anak Agung Sagung , Ayu Yuniati Kencana Gusti
Published: June 2024

Newcastle disease (ND) is a viral disease that can cause high mortality in chickens. Hundreds of chickens died due to ND disease. Morbidity and mortality due to ND disease is very large. Viral diseases cannot be treated with antibiotics. Therefore prevention can only be done by vaccination. However, vaccination failure often occurs, it has been proven that there are still many reports of ND cases. Thus, to find out early before sick chickens are attacked by ND, this research aims to determine the hematological profile including: RBC, Hb, HCT, MCH, MCHC, MCH, PLT, WBC, Eosinophils, Monocytes, Neutrophils and Lymphocytes. The research method was a field survey with purposive sampling with blood sampling as a repeat period. The research sample consisted of 40 laying hens, 30 of which were vaccinated with the active ND vaccine of the Lasota strain and 10 without vaccination. Blood samples were taken with anticoagulation four times, namely once pre-vaccination and three times post-vaccination. The data obtained were analyzed by means of variance followed by the Duncan test using SPSS version 25. The results of the study stated that RBC, Hb, HCT, MCV, Neutrophils and Lymphocytes were significantly different (P<0.05). Meanwhile MCV, MCHC, PLT, WBC, Eosinophils and Monocytes were not significantly different (P>0.05).
TOTAL BACTERIA, COLIFORMS AND NON-COLIFORMS IN THE MILK OF ETAWA CROSSBREED IN SINGAPADU KALER VILLAGE, SUKAWATI DISTRICT, GIANYAR REGENCY
Authors: Bhoki Katharina Diena , Besung I Nengah Kerta , Suarjana I Gusti Ketut
Published: June 2024

Etawa crossbreed goat's milk is a source of animal protein that is increasingly in demand by the public because it has very high nutritional value. Besides its nutritional value, milk is also a good medium for the growth of various types of microorganisms. This study aims to determine the total bacteria, coliforms and non-coliforms in Etawa crossbreed goat milk. The data taken is milk from the entire population of Etawa crossbreed goats that are currently lactating. This research is a type of observational research with a purposive sampling method. Counting total bacteria, coliforms and non-coliforms using the spread plate technique. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively by counting the number of bacteria in the culture media. The results showed that the total bacteria average was 3 x 10⁶ ± 1 x 10⁶ cfu/ml, coliforms were 2 x 10³ ± 1 x 10³ cfu/ml and non-coliforms were 2.2 x 10⁶ ± 2.5 x 10⁶ cfu/ml. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the microbial contamination limit does not meet SNI. It is necessary to improve the cleanliness of cages and livestock so that bacterial contamination in milk can be reduced and further tests need to be carried out on the types of pathogenic and zoonotic bacteria present in the milk of Etawa crossbreed goats in Singapadu Kaler Village, Sukawati District, Gianyar Regency
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA DIARE AKUT PADA ANAK USIA 6 - 35 BULAN DI RS BALI MANDARA TAHUN 2020-2021
Authors: Harsika Sari Ni Wayan Diah Intan , Budi Hartawan I Nyoman , Kanya Wati Dyah , Sutriani Mahalini Dewi
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAK
Suatu sebab meningginya angka kesakitan dan kematian pada anak dalam seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia ialah diare. Prevalensi insiden diare sebesar 6,7% dan prevalensi episode 20,3% paling sering terjadi pada kelompok usia 6 sampai 35 bulan. Tujuan dari penyelenggaraan riset unuk memahami karakteristik diare pada anak usia 6 sampai 35 bulan di RSUD Bali Mandara tahun 2020-2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode obeservasional deskriptif potong lintang (cross-sectional) pada penderita diare akut usia 6-35 bulan di RSUD Bali Mandara Tahun 2020-2021. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dari 82 sampel yang didapatkan, mayoritas penderita diare akut pada anak di RSUD Bali Mandara berjenis kelamin laki – laki (61%) dengan distribusi terbanyak pada kelompok usia 6-12 bulan (51,2%). Dengan lama rawat selama ? 7 hari (100%). Sebanyak 96,3 % penderita tidak mengalami diare berdarah dan cenderung penderita memiliki status gizi yang baik (89%), disertai dengan riwayat dehidrasi ringan-sedang (59,8%), tidak memiliki penyakit komorid (100%) dan belum mendapatkan vaksin rotavirus (86,8%). Tingkat pendidikan terakhir orang tua penderita diare akut paling banyak menempuh pendidikan hingga perguruan tinggi (36,6%). Masih banyak penderita yang tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif (82,9%) dan terdapat sumber air bersih dirumahnya (90,2%).
Kata kunci :diare, karakteristik, anak
DEVELOPMENT AND RELIABILITY TESTING OF THE ANDROID-BASED BRADEN SCALE IN PREDICTING PRESSURE INJURY INCIDENTS IN STROKE PATIENTS
Authors: Nurhidayah Irfanita , Syam Yuliana , Yusuf Saldy
Published: June 2024

Pressure Injury  dapat menyebabkan  komplikasi bagi individu dirawat di rumah sakit, memperpanjang pengobatan dan rehabilitasi, mengurangi kualitas hidup, menyebabkan rasa sakit dan  meningkatkan angka kematian. Berdasarkan hal tersebut sangat penting untuk mengunakan suatu skala dalam menilai risiko Pressure Injury  dan menentukan risiko kerusakan integritas kulit dan intervensi pencegahan yang sesuai. Salah satu instrument yang umum digunakan adalah Skala Braden. Salah satu alat yang sudah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya adalah skala Braden, namun di Indonesia belum diimplementaikan pada smartphone. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan skala Braden berbasis android dan melakukan uji validitas skala Braden berbasis android dalam memprediksi kejadian Pressure Injury pada pasien stroke. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cohort Prospektif. Tehnik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan cara non probability sampling jenis Consecutive Sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 42 orang responden untuk uji validitas dan 6 responden untuk uji reabilitas antara obeserver dengan expert. Pada penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Test-Retest  dengan uji korelasi spearman. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai p< 0.001 yang menunjukkan bahwa korelasi antara skor skala braden android pada hari perawatan ke- 2 dan skor skala braden android pada hari perawatan ke – 3 bermakna. Nilai korelasi Spearman sebesar 0.901 menunjukkan korelasi positif dengan kekuatan korelasi yang kuat. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan  Intra Rater reliability dengani analisis Intraclass Correlation Coeffient (ICC) antara observer dan expert untuk skala braden paper 0.94 (95%CI; 0.895 – 0.976) dan untuk skala braden berbasis android adalah 0.94 (95% CI 0.895 – 0.976).  Skala braden berbasis aplikasi android reliabel dalam memprediksi risiko pressure injury pada pasien stroke. Dari Uji Analisis Intraclass Correlation Coeffient (ICC) tersebut dapat disimpulkan tidak ada perbedaan persepsi antara observer dengan expert mengenai skala braden paper dan skala braden berbasis android.
Association of MMP-7-181A>G Gene Polymorphism and Colorectal Cancer Risk at Prof.dr.I.G.N.G.Ngoerah General Hospital Bali
Authors: Chandra Christian , Wihandani Desak Made , Supadmanaba I Gede Putu , Dewi Ni Nyoman Ayu
Published: June 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide and ranks second as the cause of cancer-related mortality. Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes are known to be closely associated with the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer. The MMP-7-181A>G polymorphism has been previously linked to the risk of various types of cancer. However, the association of the MMP-7-181A>G polymorphism with the risk of colorectal cancer has not been investigated in Indonesia. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between the MMP-7-181A>G polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing was employed to obtain genotype data from 26 cases and 26 controls. Univariate and bivariate statistical analyses were conducted to determine the association of MMP-7-181A>G polymorphism to the risk of colorectal cancer by evaluating obtained Odds Ratio (OR) and p-values. Results: The distribution of the AG and GG variants in the case group was 23.1% and 3.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, the distribution of the AG and GG variants in the control group was 15.4% and 0%. Data analysis shows an insignificant increase in colorectal cancer risk in genotypes with the G allele (OR=2.02, 95% CI: 0.51-8.00, p=0.308). Conclusion: The study suggests that the MMP-7-181A>G polymorphism cannot be directly associated with colorectal cancer risk, emphasizing the need to consider multiple interactions with other MMP gene polymorphisms. Further investigations into direct associations of this polymorphism with MMP-7 expression levels in colorectal cancer lesions could help give a clearer understanding of genetic risk factors in colorectal cancer.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI AIR PERASAN JERUK SAMBAL (Citrus Microcarpa Bunge) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Vanesa Vanesa , Asseggaf Syarifah Nurul Yanti Rizki Syahab , Mardhia Mardhia , Mahyarudin Mahyarudin
Published: June 2024

Latar Belakang: Pneumonia dapat diakibatkan oleh infeksi dari salah satu strain bakteri S. aureus, yaitu Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Staphylococcus aureus memiliki potensi untuk mengembangkan resistensi terhadap hampir semua kelas antibiotik. Diperlukan pengembangan alternatif agen terapi lain dalam menangani peningkatan kasus resistensi bakteri. Jeruk sambal (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) adalah tanaman yang terdapat di Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia. Air perasan dari buah ini mengandung metabolit  sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan air perasan jeruk sambal sebagai antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode: Air perasan jeruk sambal dibuat dengan mensterilkan buah, kemudian dipotong menjadi dua, diambil sari buahnya dengan diperas dan disaring menggunakan kertas saring. Metode difusi cakram (Kirby-Bauer) digunakan sebagai metode pengujian aktivitas antibakteri. Kelompok perlakuan dibagi menjadi 4 konsentrasi: 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%, kontrol positif (Siprofloksasin 5 ?g/disk) dan kontrol negatif (akuades steril). Hasil: Analisis fitokimia menunjukan terdapat kandungan alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan fenolik pada air perasan jeruk sambal. Dimana saponin (+++) sebagai kandungan terbanyak. Aktivitas antibakteri didapati pada semua kosentrasi dengan terbentuknya zona hambat disekitar kertas cakram. Kesimpulan: Air perasan jeruk sambal mampu mengambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylocaccus aureus secara in vitro, sehingga dapat disimpulkan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri.
Comparative Analysis of Abuse in Online Games Between University Students With and Without Disabilities
Authors: Martínez Raquel Suriá , Castrillo Esther Villegas , Sánchez Carmen López , Ballester Carmen Carretón , García-Castillo Fernando
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between corporate social responsibility and tax aggressiveness, with the aim of looking at the firmness of the relationship.
 
Theoretical Framework: This study aims to examine the strength and reliability of the connection between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and aggressive tax dodging actions through the utilization of a meta-analysis methodology.
 
Method: The quantitative method used is a meta-analysis approach of 61 studies and 228 observations.
 
Results and Discussion: The results of this study found a firm relationship between corporate social responsibility and tax aggressiveness. Through a meta-analysis, the results of the negative relationship between CSR and tax agressiveness were obtained. The next result was to confirm that the heterogeneity of previous research results related to CSR, and tax agresiveness was due to the diversity of CSR measurement strategies and characteristics of the state legal system.
 
Research Implications: This research has provided input into the fields of accounting and taxation by giving confidence in the relationship between aggressive tax behavior and the existence of disclosures of social responsibility
 
Originality/Value: This research is one of several studies using a meta-analysis approach. Different from other topics raised using this approach, in this research, the emphasis of the study is on the disclosure of CSR, which is correlated with the degree of the tendency of aggressive tax behavior or activities.  The study also uses moderators that have not been used in previous meta-analysis studies, namely state law characteristics.
Evaluation of Attractants in Handcrafted Traps for Capture of Lepidopterans in Banana (Musa AAA cv. Williams)
Authors: Vélez-Ruiz Mayra Carolina , Nieto-Cañarte Carlos Alberto , Guamán-Sarango Víctor Manuel , Sinchi-Rivas Carmen Alexandra , Santos Jardel Coutinho dos , Cárcamo-Mendoza Henry Ariel
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Banana cultivation is considered the main agricultural sector in Ecuador, however, like any other agricultural crop, it is attacked by a diversity of pests, among which the presence of insects of the order Lepidoptera stands out; For this reason, the objective of the research was to evaluate the efficiency of attractants in artisanal traps for the capture of lepidopterans in banana crops (Musa AAA) as strategies within pest monitoring and control programs. Taking place on a farm with Commercial Bananas (BC) and Organic Bananas (BO). A completely randomized design was used; In each location, two types of traps (plastic gallon and plastic bag) and five food attractants (Ripe banana, Ripe banana + Banana essence, Ripe banana, Ripe banana + Banana essence and Sugar cane + Molasses) were installed. 198 specimens were captured in the BO and 190 in the BC. The captured species were identified as: Ascalapha odorata, Caligo illioneus, Caligo bellerophon, Cissia sp., Opsiphanes tamarindi, Thysania zenobia and Colubura dirce. According to the Simpson index, the BO has the highest value (0.64) compared to the BC (0.52). In both locations it was evident that the most frequent species was O. tamarindi; According to records, the population of this species increased over time, which is why it requires attention. The attractants that allowed the greatest capture were: ripe banana, ripe banana and banana + essence.
 
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of attractants in artisanal traps for the capture of lepidopterans in banana crops (Musa AAA) as strategies within insect - pest monitoring and control programs.
 
Theoretical Framework: This topic presents the main concepts and theories that support the research. The attractants in artisanal traps for capturing lepidopterans in banana stand out, providing a solid basis to understand the context of the research.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises a completely randomized design. Data collection was carried out using traps in the field.
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that the most frequent species was O. tamarindi and according to the population records, this species increased over time, which is why it requires attention. In the discussion section, these results are contextualized in light of the theoretical framework, highlighting the implications and relationships identified. This section also considers possible discrepancies and limitations of the study.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by using artisanal traps with food attractants. The relevance and value of this research is evidenced in the use of more sustainable practices for the management and control of insects - pests in the country's banana cultivation.
Evaluating Dysfunctional Attitudes Among Third-Year BS Psychology Students: Towards the Development of an Enhancement Program
Authors: Vasudevan Asokan , Espiritu Edlyn Joy P. , Delima Klent Rodni M. , Sain Zohaib Hassan
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study investigates the prevalence and implications of dysfunctional attitudes among third-year Bachelor of Science in Psychology students at a higher education institution in Davao del Norte, Philippines.
 
Theoretical framework: Dysfunctional attitudes, theorized to contribute to mental health issues such as depression and anxiety, are pivotal in understanding the emotional and psychological well-being of individuals during the critical transition from late adolescence to early adulthood. Utilizing the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), this research aimed to assess dysfunctional attitudes across seven domains: approval, love, achievement, perfectionism, entitlement, omnipotence, and autonomy.
 
Methods: Using purposive sampling, a quantitative research methodology, specifically a descriptive survey design, was employed to collect data from 105 third-year psychology students. The findings indicate a moderate presence of dysfunctional attitudes in the domains of approval, love, achievement, and perfectionism, suggesting a degree of psychological resilience among the participants. However, entitlement, omnipotence, and autonomy revealed more concerning attitudes, underscoring the need for targeted intervention programs.
 
Results and conclusion: The study concludes that while the majority of students possess healthy attitudes towards approval, love, achievement, and perfectionism, there is a significant need for interventions addressing entitlement, omnipotence, and autonomy to prevent potential mental health issues. This research contributes to the body of knowledge on the mental health of college students. It underscores the importance of early identification and intervention of dysfunctional attitudes as a preventative measure against psychological distress.
Overview of Symbolic Violence: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Reyes-Reinoso Johanna Rosalí , Vázquez Ana Fabiola Zamora , Aguirre Maria Cristina Useche , Leon-Prieto Maria Elizabeth , Basso Luciana Soledad , Ordoñez-Gavilanez Magdalena Emilia
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate the literature on symbolic violence over the past decade, with the purpose of understanding its nature and manifestations in contemporary society.
 
Theoretical Framework: Within the context of gender studies and the increasing political impact of feminism, symbolic violence is defined as the subjugation of individuals to others through processes of socialization that naturalize power relations. These relations, based on asymmetries such as gender, become unquestionable, providing a solid foundation for research on symbolic violence.
 
Method: A systematic review of scientific productivity on symbolic violence was conducted by tracing databases such as Scopus and Web of Science. Research articles published between 2013 and 2023 in English and Spanish, and with full access, were considered.
 
Results and Discussion: It was found that both material and symbolic structures serve as bases for symbolic violence against women, legitimizing within contemporary patriarchal society. These findings are discussed in relation to the theoretical framework, highlighting identified implications and relationships, as well as potential discrepancies and limitations of the study.
 
Research Implications: Practical and theoretical implications of the study are discussed, providing insights into how the results can influence practices in the field of gender studies and the fight against gender-based violence. These implications could encompass public policies, educational programs, and community actions.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the persistence and complexity of symbolic violence in contemporary society. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by its ability to inform and guide interventions aimed at combating gender-based violence and promoting equity and social justice.