bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-Guided Brachial Plexus Block Videos on YouTube as an Adjunctive Learning Tool (Preprint)
Authors: Cho Noo Ree , Park Jeong Jun , Kim Yun Hak , Ko Dai
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia has grown in popularity over the last decade, though, novices can face difficulties when performing an ultrasound. YouTube has become a popular educational platform.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess whether YouTube videos are of sufficient quality to be an adjunctive tool for learning how to perform an ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block.

METHODS

YouTube was programmatically searched on July 2020 via the YouTube Data API and Google Apps Script. All videos were classified based on their sources into academic, manufacturer, educational, and individual videos. The characteristics, accuracy and reliability (using the Journal of American Medical Association benchmark criteria), educational quality (using the Global Quality Score and brachial plexus block Specific Quality Score), and video popularity (using the Video Power Index) were validated.

RESULTS

A total of 175 videos were included. Academic, manufacturer, and educational videos had better accuracy and reliability than individual videos. Manufacturer and educational videos had a higher brachial plexus block Specific Quality Score and Video Power Index than individual videos. Upon analyzing the brachial plexus block Specific Quality Score for each question, all sources weakly addressed equipment preparation and post-procedure questions.

CONCLUSIONS

The quality of ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block videos differs depending on their source. As YouTube is a useful educational platform for both learners and teachers, global societies of regional anesthesiologists should set the standard for videos and encourage trainers to use YouTube as an adjuvant learning tool during the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic.
Digital Support for Renal Patients through Facebook: Examining the Efforts of Singapore Social Service Agencies during the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Tan Junjie , Sesagiri Raamkumar Aravind , Wee Hwee Lin
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, social service agencies (SSAs) play a crucial role in supporting renal patients, who are particularly vulnerable to infections. Social media platforms such as Facebook, serves as an effective medium for these SSAs to disseminate information.

OBJECTIVE

Content analysis of the SSAs’ Facebook posts can provide insights on whether Facebook has been well-utilized during the COVID-19 pandemic and enable SSAs to improve their social media use in future pandemics. This study aimed to compare renal-related SSAs’ Facebook post content before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Facebook posts of the National Kidney Foundation (NKF), Kidney Dialysis Foundation (KDF), and Muslim Kidney Action Association (MKAC), made during the pre-COVID-19 period (January 23, 2019 to June 2, 2019) and the peri-COVID-19 period (January 23, 2020 to June 1, 2020) were extracted. A classification scheme was developed by two coders with themes derived inductively and deductively. Each Facebook post was assigned with a theme.

RESULTS

Analysis indicate that the number of Facebook posts increased from 115 in the pre-COVID-19 period to 293 in the peri-COVID-19 period. During peri-COVID-19, posts regarding lifestyle changes, donations and infectious disease surfaced. While the proportion of posts about encouraging kindness increased, the proportion of posts about community-based events and psychosocial support decreased.

CONCLUSIONS

Facebook was found to be well-utilized by renal SSAs in engaging their beneficiaries during the pandemic. In future pandemics, Renal SSAs should place emphasis on posts related to psychosocial support and encouraging kindness.
An Artificial Intelligence Model to Predict the Mortality of COVID-19 Patients at Hospital Admission Time Using Routine Blood Samples: Development and Validation of an Ensemble Model (Preprint)
Authors: Ko Hoon , Chung Heewon , Kang Wu Seong , Park Chul , Kim Do Wan , Kim Seong Eun , Chung Chi Ryang , Ko Ryoung Eun , Lee Hooseok , Seo Jae Ho , Choi Tae-Young , Jaimes Rafael , Kim Kyung Won , Lee Jinseok
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

COVID-19, which is accompanied by acute respiratory distress, multiple organ failure, and death, has spread worldwide much faster than previously thought. However, at present, it has limited treatments.

OBJECTIVE

To overcome this issue, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model of COVID-19, named EDRnet (ensemble learning model based on deep neural network and random forest models), to predict in-hospital mortality using a routine blood sample at the time of hospital admission.

METHODS

We selected 28 blood biomarkers and used the age and gender information of patients as model inputs. To improve the mortality prediction, we adopted an ensemble approach combining deep neural network and random forest models. We trained our model with a database of blood samples from 361 COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China, and applied it to 106 COVID-19 patients in three Korean medical institutions.

RESULTS

In the testing data sets, EDRnet provided high sensitivity (100%), specificity (91%), and accuracy (92%). To extend the number of patient data points, we developed a web application (BeatCOVID19) where anyone can access the model to predict mortality and can register his or her own blood laboratory results.

CONCLUSIONS

Our new AI model, EDRnet, accurately predicts the mortality rate for COVID-19. It is publicly available and aims to help health care providers fight COVID-19 and improve patients’ outcomes.
Simple Smartphone-Based Assessment of Gait Characteristics in Parkinson Disease: Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Su Dongning , Liu Zhu , Jiang Xin , Zhang Fangzhao , Yu Wanting , Ma Huizi , Wang Chunxue , Wang Zhan , Wang Xuemei , Hu Wanli , Manor Brad , Feng Tao , Zhou Junhong
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Parkinson disease (PD) is a common movement disorder. Patients with PD have multiple gait impairments that result in an increased risk of falls and diminished quality of life. Therefore, gait measurement is important for the management of PD.

OBJECTIVE

We previously developed a smartphone-based dual-task gait assessment that was validated in healthy adults. The aim of this study was to test the validity of this gait assessment in people with PD, and to examine the association between app-derived gait metrics and the clinical and functional characteristics of PD.

METHODS

Fifty-two participants with clinically diagnosed PD completed assessments of walking, Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS III), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) rating scale tests. Participants followed multimedia instructions provided by the app to complete two 20-meter trials each of walking normally (single task) and walking while performing a serial subtraction dual task (dual task). Gait data were simultaneously collected with the app and gold-standard wearable motion sensors. Stride times and stride time variability were derived from the acceleration and angular velocity signal acquired from the internal motion sensor of the phone and from the wearable sensor system.

RESULTS

High correlations were observed between the stride time and stride time variability derived from the app and from the gold-standard system (r=0.98-0.99, P<.001), revealing excellent validity of the app-based gait assessment in PD. Compared with those from the single-task condition, the stride time (F1,103=14.1, P<.001) and stride time variability (F1,103=6.8, P=.008) in the dual-task condition were significantly greater. Participants who walked with greater stride time variability exhibited a greater UPDRS III total score (single task: β=.39, P<.001; dual task: β=.37, P=.01), HAM-A (single-task: β=.49, P=.007; dual-task: β=.48, P=.009), and HAM-D (single task: β=.44, P=.01; dual task: β=.49, P=.009). Moreover, those with greater dual-task stride time variability (β=.48, P=.001) or dual-task cost of stride time variability (β=.44, P=.004) exhibited lower MoCA scores.

CONCLUSIONS

A smartphone-based gait assessment can be used to provide meaningful metrics of single- and dual-task gait that are associated with disease severity and functional outcomes in individuals with PD.
AKAR SEBAGAI APLIKASI PERINTIS PRESERVASI MEMORI SOSIAL MASYARAKAT
Authors: Susanti Titi , Khoiriyah Walda , Larasati Mijil , Supriyati Supriyati
Published: November 2020

The article entitled AKAR (Family Records) as a Pioneering Application for the Preservation of Community Social Memory discusses genealogy pioneers and digital family records management with the research location in RW Punukan, Wates Village, Wates District, Kulon Progo Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. The community understands family records but does not yet have the awareness to manage family records properly. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data collection was carried out in 3 ways, namely participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. The next step after data collected is processed then reduced and interpreted. To ensure the correctness of the research, the researcher triangulated the data. As a solution to the problems faced by Indonesian families, researchers created an effective and efficient family records storage application. The storage and preservation stages of family records with the AKAR application are capture (transfer of textual records media), registration (registering family records), classification (classifying records based on the classification provided), storage (storing records based on classification results), and use and tracking (use and search of family records).
Comparative effectiveness of nivolumab versus standard of care for third-line patients with small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Keeping Sam T , Cope Shannon , Chan Keith , Wilson Florence R , Jansen Jeroen P , Penrod John R , Abraham Pranav , Camidge D Ross , Korytowsky Beata , Gu Tao , Garcia Ariadna Juarez , Le Trong K , Yuan Yong
Published: November 2020

Aim:
To estimate the comparative effectiveness of nivolumab versus standard of care (SOC) in terms of overall survival (OS) for small-cell lung cancer patients treated with two prior lines of chemotherapy, in other words, third line in the USA.
Materials & methods:
Data were from CheckMate 032, a single-arm trial of nivolumab, and real-world electronic patient records. Comparisons of OS were conducted using three different methods to adjust for differences (regression, weighting and doubly robust) between the populations.
Results:
Nivolumab was associated with longer survival compared with SOC (hazard ratio for OS: 0.58–0.70) across all methods for adjustment.
Conclusion:
Nivolumab was more efficacious in terms of OS as third-line treatment for small-cell lung cancer compared with current SOC in the USA.
The peculiarities of pharmaceutical consulting when realizing dietary supplements and specialized products
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Adamenko G.V. , Novitskaya V.A. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University
Published: November 2020

С каждым годом значимость фармацевтического консультирования при реализации товаров аптечного ассортимента покупателю увеличивается. Одной из составляющей этого ассортимента, набирающей всё большую популярность среди населения, являются биологически активные добавки к пище и специализированные продукты. Однако этот товар имеет свои особенности, которые необходимо учитывать при реализации пациенту. Целью работы является выделение особенностей и разработка алгоритма фармацевтического консультирования при реализации биологически активных добавок к пище и специализированных продуктов, а также сравнение консультирования в Республике Беларусь с консультированием в других странах. В результате работы были выделены основные пункты, на которые необходимо ориентироваться при построении алгоритмов фармацевтического консультирования биологически активных добавок к пище и специализированных продуктов.
The analysis of the patients’ survival rate in the comprehensive treatment for cancer of the head of the pancreas
Authors:   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Shchastniy A.T. , Lud N.G. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Sobol V.N. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Kozhar V.L. ,   Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University, Ermolenko N.V. ,   Vitebsk Regional Clinical Oncological Center
Published: November 2020

Цель исследования – оценить непосредственные и отдаленные результаты комплексного лечения пациентов при раке головки поджелудочной железы. Проведен анализ результатов комплексного лечения 82 пациентов, страдающих раком головки поджелудочной железы и оперированных в 2011-2015 гг. В ходе исследования установлено, что послеоперационная летальность после радикальных операций составила 7,32%, однолетняя выживаемость – 45,12%, 3-летняя – 24,39%, 5-летняя – 10,98%, медиана продолжительности жизни среди всех умерших пациентов – 19,9 мес. На день завершения исследования под наблюдением находятся 11 (13,4%) пациентов с продолжительностью жизни после операции от 47,2 мес. до 88,5 мес., 7 из них не имеют признаков прогрессирования опухолевого процесса. При оценке эффективности лечения было установлено, что адъювантная химиотерапия не отодвигает сроки наступления прогрессирования заболевания, но увеличивает среднюю продолжительность жизни пациентов до 29,9 мес. Сочетание системной медикаментозной и лучевой терапии в послеоперационном периоде оказывает более выраженный лечебный эффект и в 2 раза увеличивает среднюю продолжительность жизни в сравнении с пациентами, которым химиолучевая терапия вообще не проводилась.
El nivel educativo como eje fundamental para la internacionalización y desarrollo empresarial
Authors: Fernández Hurtado Saúl Rick , Martínez Martínez Luz Ángela , Ngono Fouda Regine Adele
Published: November 2020

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es identificar la influencia que ejerce el nivel formativo de los empresarios en el desarrollo de las negociaciones a nivel internacional; el enfoque que se utilizó fue a través del análisis descriptivo y empírico; bajo metodología exploratoria, respecto a las variables medidas, lo cual ayudó al entendimiento de lo que requieren las empresas a través de las habilidades de los egresados universitarios.

Como resultado de esta investigación se obtuvo una necesidad a nivel empresarial y gubernamental, evidenciando que la formación universitaria deberá tener un cambio ante el saber-hacer (macro), lo cual es una necesidad para el éxito empresarial a nivel internacional. La investigación permite concluir aspectos relevantes ante actividades empresariales, donde la correlación de fortalecimiento empresa-gobierno-universidad, está produciendo un efecto negativo, y mediante la obtención psicoempresarial, bajo el análisis de resultados obtenidos mediante los datos recolectados en la investigación.
La política nasa y el clientelismo en el municipio de Páez, Cauca
Authors: Meneses Lucía Eugenia
Published: November 2020

La constitución política de 1991 ha reafirmado en los paeces algunas formas tradicionales de hacer política, pero produjo también cambios socioculturales en distintos ámbitos de la vida social. En el caso estudiado se resalta la manera como después de esta y a partir de las transferencias de recursos a los resguardos indígenas del municipio de Páez, empezaron a constituirse redes clientelistas que se fundamentaron en las posiciones de poder que empezaron a desempeñar algunos líderes en las organizaciones indígenas. Estas redes de clientela, sin embargo, no constituyen un sistema idéntico al que practican los partidos políticos tradicionales. En este caso se trata, quizá, de una variación o de un sistema particular que se compagina como una nueva forma del ejercicio de la política local. No obstante, el proyecto indígena Nasa subsiste todavía en la reivindicación de la identidad política étnica.
Movimiento indígena y retos electorales en Colombia: regreso de lo indio para una apuesta nacional
Authors: Laurent Virginie
Published: November 2020

Espacio privilegiado para una puesta en escena de lo político, los procesos electorales se prestan para un juego sutil entre las apariencias y las pertenencias. Al respecto, la participación de representantes del movimiento indígena colombiano en elecciones locales regionales y nacionales ha dado lugar a un fenómeno paradójico a primera vista: la afirmación de la indianidad en contextos extracomunitarios. En efecto, si bien la participación indígena en los procesos electorales muestra su voluntad de apertura e inserción dentro de una dinámica política nacional, se constituye también en un medio para reivindicar elementos considerados específicamente indígenas que se adhieren a aspectos más clásicos del ejercicio político. El artículo intenta develar los discursos y las estrategias que acompañan dichas prácticas entre los miembros de las organizaciones político-electorales indígenas.
Santificación popular de los muertos en cementerios urbanos colombianos
Authors: Losonczy Anne-Marie
Published: November 2020

El artículo es un análisis de los discursos y prácticas rituales que conforman el fenómeno de la santificación popular de ciertos muertos en los cementerios urbanos de Colombia. El trabajo de campo, iniciado en 1996, se ha realizado en distintos cementerios, aunque esta presentación gira en torno al cementerio Central de Bogotá. El objetivo del texto es demostrar que las creencias, en tanto que procesos simbólicos relacionados con problemáticas sociales específicas y determinables, deben entenderse como manifestaciones de la “eficacia simbólica”, en un lenguaje religioso y político a la vez. Así, cuando los miembros de una sociedad en conflicto permanente traen del olvido a las verdaderas víctimas de la violencia multiforme, convirtiéndolas en “santos populares”, se reconoce o se construye una suerte de identidad y memoria ciudadana, por medio de una contra-memoria colectiva de la historia nacional reciente.
Escolarizar a los muinane: discursos sobre la convivencia de conocimientos
Authors: Londoño Carlos David
Published: November 2020

El artículo presenta de manera novedosa la disyuntiva en que la Constitución de 1991 colocó a los grupos indígenas al ofrecer un piso legal para que el Estado impusiera sobre ellos su propia agenda política. A través de la participación directa de las comunidades indígenas en la administración de políticas y recursos estatales, el Estado ha intentado asegurar su hegemonia política entre las comunidades indígenas, las cuales, cada vez con mayor fuerza, reproducen el lenguaje y los mecanismos que el Estado les pone a su disposición para ejercer el "derecho a la diferencia". En este artículo el autor hace un recuento etnográfico sobre los procesos de discusión emprendidos por indígenas muinane de diferentes comunidades del Caquetá medio alrededor de las implicaciones que tiene la creciente penetración delos discursos -'la palabra'- de los 'blancos' en el 'debilitamiento del conocimiento propio' y aporta elementos para una discusión sobre el estatus del conocimiento indígena frente al conocimiento occidental en el contexto del pretendido reconocimiento a la diversidad cultural que se propone la Constitución.
Sociedad y cultura material de la Nueva Granada ¿Preferencias o referencias? Aportes de la arqueología histórica en Colombia
Authors: Therrien Monika
Published: November 2020

En Colombia, los estudios arqueológicos sólo recientemente han contribuido a los proyectos de restauración de los monumentos históricos nacionales. Tras un breve repaso del desarrollo de estos estudios y una descripción más detallada de las excavaciones en tres conventos de diferentes ciudades, se discute a continuación el papel de la arqueología histórica en estos proyectos. Se proponen métodos para sacar conclusiones no sólo sobre la forma en que el edificio estudiado evolucionó a lo largo de los años sino también sobre el modo de vida de sus ocupantes. La posibilidad de trabajar más estrechamente, en el futuro, con otras disciplinas, en particular la arquitectura y la historia, sugiere que, además de recuperar la información para su uso en la restauración del monumento, la arqueología histórica también debería situar esta información en el contexto de la sociedad local y regional.
Comunidades indígenas: artefactos de construcción de la identidad étnica en los conflictos políticos del Ecuador contemporáneo
Authors: Figueroa José Antonio
Published: November 2020

Este artículo interpreta el concepto de "comunidad indígena" tal como se utiliza en el Ecuador contemporáneo. Se establece un contraste entre la teoría y la práctica en relación con este concepto, con referencia a las definiciones "modernas" y a las llamadas "postmodernas". Esto nos lleva a contrastar la idea de comunidad en un período dominado por el racismo y la sociología positiva con uno en el que existe un concepto más positivo de los amerindios. Este concepto es generado, principalmente, por las ciencias sociales en busca del papel ideológico que la "comunidad" cumple en las luchas políticas en el Ecuador contemporáneo.
Ritual y conflicto. Dos estudios de caso en el centro de México. Laura Collin.
Authors: Zambrano Carlos Vladimir
Published: November 2020

Reseña escrita por Carlos Vladimir Zambrano.
BRINCADEIRAS NO QUINTAL: CAMINHOS PELOS BRINQUEDOS E BRINCADEIRAS DO VALE DO JIQUIRIÇÁ-BAHIA
Authors: Guimarães Rafaela Sousa
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho aborda reflexões e diálogos acerca dos brinquedos, jogos e brincadeiras tradicionais, assim como a sua importância para a cultura lúdica infantil. São apresentados alguns brinquedos e brincadeiras que permeou e/ou permeia a infância de crianças por gerações dos municípios do Vale do Jiquiriçá-Bahia como: Amargosa, Mutuípe, Brejões, São Miguel das Matas, Ubaíra e os distritos destas localidades. Os brinquedos permeiam e estimulam a ação do brincar, sendo referenciação da cultura, aos quais os sujeitos fazem parte. As brincadeiras introduzem os sujeitos infantis a cultura ao qual fazem parte, onde seu exercício promove a construção das culturas infantis e lúdicas. É relevante promover as vivências e as experiências infantis a partir dos jogos, brinquedos e brincadeiras tradicionais, no intuito de preservação da cultura e do desenvolvimento total dos sujeitos. Esse artigo teve como objetivo discutir com bases teóricas a relevância dos jogos, brinquedos e brincadeiras tradicionais. Como metodologia foi utilizada a pesquisa qualitativa de cunho bibliográfica. Por fim, fica registrado a importância da valorização da cultura popular brincante, no intuído de manter as tradições, os brinquedos e as brincadeiras para o conhecimento das gerações atuais e futuras.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE DOCENTE DE LICENCIADOS EM FÍSICA E MATEMÁTICA: RELATOS SOBRE O PROCESSO FORMATIVO
Authors: Ferreira Álex de Carvalho , Guerra Adriana
Published: November 2020

Apresentamos nesse artigo um diálogo sobre o processo formativo nos cursos de licenciatura em Física e Matemática através de relatos de experiência, tendo como foco a formação de professores dessas áreas, bem como o processo da construção identitária no percurso da formação inicial. Embasado nos estudos sobre identidade docente (DUBAR, 2005; GOMES, 2008; PIMENTA; LIMA, 2004) e considerando a importância sobre como ocorre o processo de construção dessa identidade docente, discutimos sobre os caminhos e experiências que contribuíram para essa construção, a fim de propor uma discussão que possa contribuir, por meio da reflexão sobre ações pedagógicas e identidade docente, complementando estudos já existentes para uma melhor compreensão no processo de formação de professores, principalmente, o Ensino de Física e Matemática.
Doing the unexpected – Why German family firms differ from non-family firms in management accounting, planning, and risk integration
Authors: Ulrich Patrick , Rieg Robert
Published: November 2020

In the management accounting literature, planning and budgeting play important roles. In theory and practice, it is assumed so far that companies rely mainly on expected values in the context of planning. Scenarios and risk aspects (in the sense of volatility) play only a minor role. Against the background of new digital possibilities, the discussion on the integration of risk aspects in planning and management accounting is, however, gaining speed again. This applies in particular to family-owned companies, which have always been attested in the literature to have a more risk-averse management style than other companies. The article deals with the question of why companies have so far not or only poorly integrated risk aspects into operational planning and budgeting. This article deals with the consideration of risk aspects in corporate planning based on a sample of 261 German companies. The results of the empirical analysis show that family enterprises and non-family enterprises differ significantly from each other in terms of the consideration of risk aspects. While risk aversion should actually lead to family businesses integrating risks more closely, exactly the opposite is the case. A line of argumentation based on socioemotional wealth (SEW) is being used for this purpose.
Improvement and modification of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence method for the determination of metal elements in cement leachates: A chemometric approach
Authors: Mijatovic Nevenka , Terzic Anja , Pezo Lato , Milicic Ljiljana , Zivojinovic Dragana
Published: November 2020

A modification of an analytical procedure for the energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) quantification of ten chemical elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the leachates obtained from cement binders was developed. Twenty-nine testing samples were used in the experiment. All samples were based on Portland cement. Fly ash of different origin, zeolite and bentonite were employed as mineral additives in the cement binders. Distilled water was used as the leachate. Validation of the modified EDXRF procedure was conducted in terms of limits of detection and quantification, working range, linearity, selectivity, precision, trueness, and robustness. Traceability of the procedure was established using certified reference materials. Uncertainty of measurement was confirmed via an ?in-house? laboratory validation approach. The expanded uncertainties for the ten analysed elements were obtained for the entire working range of the EDXRF method. Robustness of the modified EDXRF procedure was assessed by means of a chemometric in-house approach. The results obtained by the modified X-ray fluorescence method were additionally correlated to those acquired by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry to confirm that EDXRF could be used as an effective and reliable alternative method for analysis of cement leachates.
Lysosomal Acid Lipase Drives Adipocyte Cholesterol Homeostasis and Modulates Lipid Storage in Obesity, Independent of Autophagy
Authors: Gamblin Camille , Rouault Christine , Lacombe Amélie , Langa-Vives Francina , Farabos Dominique , Lamaziere Antonin , Clément Karine , Gautier Emmanuel L. , Yvan-Charvet Laurent , Dugail Isabelle
Published: November 2020

Besides cytoplasmic lipase-dependent adipocyte fat mobilization, the metabolic role of lysosomal acid lipase (LAL), highly expressed in adipocytes, is unclear. We show that the isolated adipocyte fraction, but not the total undigested adipose tissue (ATs), from obese patients has decreased LAL expression compared with that from nonobese people. Lentiviral-mediated LAL knockdown in the 3T3L1 mouse cell line to mimic the obese adipocytes condition did not affect lysosome density or autophagic flux, but it did increase triglyceride storage and disrupt endoplasmic reticulum cholesterol, as indicated by activated SREBP. Conversely, mice with adipose-specific LAL overexpression (Adpn-rtTA x TetO-hLAL) gained less weight and body fat than did control mice fed a high-fat diet, resulting in ameliorated glucose tolerance. Blood cholesterol level in the former was lower than that of control mice, although triglyceridemia in the two groups of mice was similar. The adipose-specific LAL–overexpressing mouse phenotype depends on the housing temperature and develops only under mild hypothermic stress (e.g., room temperature) but not at thermoneutrality (30°C), demonstrating the prominent contribution of brown AT (BAT) thermogenesis. LAL overexpression increased levels of BAT free cholesterol, decreased SREBP targets, and induced the expression of genes involved in initial steps of mitochondrial steroidogenesis, suggesting conversion of lysosome-derived cholesterol to pregnenolone. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that adipose LAL drives tissue-cholesterol homeostasis and affects BAT metabolism, suggesting beneficial LAL activation in anti-obesity approaches aimed at reactivating thermogenic energy expenditure.
Plasma methylglyoxal levels are associated with amputations and mortality in severe limb ischemia patients with and without diabetes
Authors: Hanssen Nordin MJ , Teraa Martin , Scheijen Jean LJM , Waarenburg Marjo Van de , Gremmels Hendrik , Stehouwer Coen DA , Verhaar Marianne C , Schalkwijk Casper G
Published: November 2020

Introduction

Diabetes
is a risk factor for severe limb ischemia (SLI), a condition associated with
high mortality, morbidity and limb loss. The reactive glucose-derived
dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MGO) is a major precursor for advanced glycation
endproducts (AGEs) and potential driver of cardiovascular disease. We
investigated whether plasma MGO levels are associated with poor outcomes in
SLI.

Methods

We
measured plasma levels of MGO, free AGEs, and D-lactate, the detoxification
endproduct of MGO, with ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass
spectrometry at baseline in 160 patients (64.8±13.3years, 67.5% male, 37.5%
diabetes) with no-option SLI and recorded major adverse outcomes (n=86, containing
death n=53 or amputations n=49 (First event counted)) over 5-year follow-up.
Data were analyzed with linear or Cox regression, after Ln-transformation of
the independent variables, adjusted for sex, age, trial arm, diabetes, eGFR,
systolic blood pressure, cholesterol levels and BMI. Associations are reported
per 1SD plasma marker.

Results

Higher
plasma MGO levels were associated with more adverse outcomes (RR: 1.44; 95%CI:
1.11-1.86) and amputations separately (1.55; 1.13-2.21). We observed a similar,
but weaker trend for mortality (1.28; 0.93-1.77). The MGO derived AGE Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine was also
associated with more adverse outcomes (1.46; 1.00-2.15) and amputations (1.71;
1.04-2.79). D-lactate was not associated with adverse incident outcomes. Higher
plasma MGO levels were also associated with more inflammation and white blood cells
and fewer progenitor cells.

Conclusion

Plasma
MGO levels are associated with adverse outcomes in SLI. Future studies should investigate
whether MGO-targeting therapies improve outcomes in SLI.
Analisis Data Argumen Tentang Penerapan Kebijakan Sistem Zonasi Pada Pendaftaran Sekolah Dengan Menggunakan K-Means Clustering
Authors: Pusvitaningrum Ika
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Equality of the education in Indonesia is very essential. To pursue this equality, the government has strived for educational reforms comprehensively. One of the government’s efforts is applying the school zoning system which prioritizes the candidates in new students’ registration who have settled near the school. This system arises a controversy in the society. Therefore, this research aims to analyze parent’s argument towards this zoning based- registration. It can be used as an evaluation for schools and the ministry of Education to embrace the zoning system in the new academic year. In this research, the data used was the real data gathered from the questionnaire distributed to the society. There were 380 data taken from 181 male respondents and 199 female respondents from 2 sub-districts in Pati districts. They are Margoyoso sub-district and Tayu sub-district. The data were processed by clustering using K-Means method.Keywords: zoning, area, controversy, Clustering, K-MeansAbstrak. Pemerataan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia sangat penting. Untuk mewujudkannya, pemerintah telah mengambil tindakan untuk mengupayakan reformasi sekolah secara menyeluruh. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah yaitu dengan menerapkan sistem zonasi yang memprioritaskan calon pendaftar peserta didik baru yang tempat tinggalnya lebih dekat dengan sekolah. Sistem ini menjadi faktor timbulnya kontroversi di kalangan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa argumen orang tua terhadap pendaftaran sistem zonasi. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai evaluasi bagi sekolah dan Dinas Pendidikan untuk siap menghadapi sistem zonasi pada tahun ajaran baru. Dalam penelitian ini, data yang digunakan merupakan data real yang didapat dari penyebaran kuesioner kepada masyarakat. Ditemukan ada 380 data yang terdiri dari 181 responden laki – laki dan 199 responden perempuan dari 2 kecamatan yang ada di kabupaten Pati, yaitu kecamatan Margoyoso dan Tayu. Data diolah dengan melakukan clustering dengan metode K-Means.Kata Kunci: zonasi, rayon, kontroversi, Clustering, K-Means
Kurdish Language Learning Tool in Serious Game
Authors: Hama Amin Gulala Ali , Sharif Karzan Hussein
Published: November 2020

In this era, technology has a great impact on the educational system as they have on the other different areas of today’s life, for instance, smartphone devices are the best examples. Software technology vendors moving toward developing tremendous applications in the education field. However, the lack of applications that satisfy the ambition of those wishing to learn the Kurdish language is still an obstacle in this field, specifically the field of smartphone devices technology and gaming industry. Hence smartphone devices become user-friendly and necessary tools in every individuals’ life, as it is a multi-function device. In this paper we designed and implemented a smartphone application to learn the Kurdish language and improve vocabulary via a serious game. The application designed for android devices, enables users to learn and improve the Kurdish language. The application is also suitable for foreign people who desire to learn the Kurdish language. The system proposed in this paper introduces a smartphone application with an acceptable user interface for an exciting, interesting and challenging puzzle game at a time. The main goal is to learn Kurdish vocabulary using crossword puzzle, solving hidden words, find and circle the crossword in the puzzle solution in the context of a serious game.
Identifiying Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in School Children for Placement Using a Valid Screening Instrument in Nigeria
Authors: Adebisi Rufus Olanrewaju
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study was the use of an adapted valid Childhood Autistic Rating Scale (CARS) to identify Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in school children for the purpose of placement and intervention in a special school that comprised categories of children with intellectual disabilities. Samples of 52 subjects randomly selected from the population of 138 were used to rate their behaviours using the CARS. Using nonexperimental research design of cross-categorical survey (descriptive research) was considered most suitable for the study. This is a survey that studies a group of sample in order to identify traits of such group. With the use of statistical data of chi-square, scores collected from the participants revealed that there was no significant difference in the scores or ratings. Also, the result obtained from the use of t-test indicated that the instrument significantly differentiate ASDs traits from Non-ASDs. The findings in this study prompted a suggestion that special schools, centres, homes etc should get this valid instrument handy for the purpose of identifying autistic traits in school children for correct placement and intervention.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM NOVEL BUMI KARYA TERE LIYE DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Fitri Pricilia , Afnita Afnita
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to explain the value of character education in the novel Bumi by Tere Liye and how its implication in learning. This research is a qualitative study using descriptive methods. The data source is the novel Bumi by Tere Liye. The value of character education contained in the novel, including: (1) honesty, (2) discipline, (3) curiosity, (4) national spirit, (5) friendly and communicative, (6) fond of reading, (7) social care, and (8) responsibility. In total there are 18 data, the highest value is the value of curiosity character education. Kata Kunci: nilai pendidikan karakter, novel, Tere Liye
Analysis of heterogeneity of economic development of territories in the conditions of digitalization
Authors: Dubrovskaya Julia V.
Published: November 2020

The introduction of modern digital solutions in various sectors of the economy and

public life objectively affects the indicators of territorial development. In this article, the issue of

assessing the prospects and trends of changes in the spatial organization of the national

economy in the conditions of digitalization is actualized. To analyze the digital space the author used the indicator "Proportion of population who used the Internet to order goods and (or)

services in the total population", for the analysis of economic space we used adjusted GRP

per capita. Spatial econometrics tools were used to empirically test the hypothesis of the relationship between digital and economic heterogeneity of regional development. As a result of

calculations of global Moran indices using the boundary matrix of weights, a statistically significant, positive spatial autocorrelation among neighboring regions was revealed, i.e. it was

proved that clustering processes take place. Visual interpretation of the results in the form of

constructed spatial scattering diagrams and geographical maps clearly proved that the population of regions with high per capita GRP is an active user of online stores, and vice versa.

Additionally, the analysis of interregional indices of digitalization for 2014-2018 proved that,

first, tendencies will be strengthened by increasing the proportion of the population using the Internet for online shopping, on the one hand, and increasing supply companies of distance

trade on the other; second, the processes of expansion of online sales will have a positive

impact on business development, and to increase the GRP of the territory. Thus, in the course

of this study, it was revealed that digitalization is a significant factor in the spatial and economic development of both individual regions and the entire country.
Methodological bases and practice of risk management of regional development (part 1)
Authors: Karpov Valery V. , Breusova Anna G. , Korableva Anna A.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the theoretical foundations and analysis of the experience of subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of regional development risk management. The article examines the concept of risk, its difference and relationship with the
concepts of uncertainty, threat, danger, security and others. It is determined that dangers are
constantly present in the regional economy. And risk, as a measurable uncertainty with multiple outcomes, for which the probability of occurrence of a risk event is calculated, is manifested as a result of the occurrence of a hazard. When comparing the concepts of risk and
security, this means that the security of the regional economy is manifested in the ability to
resist threats and manage risks, and not in the complete absence of dangers. It is revealed
that ISO standards distinguish between the concepts of risk management and risk management. For further discussion, risk management is understood as a systematic approach to
using the full range of mechanisms available to public authorities to reduce emerging risks
and threats to the socio-economic development of the region. Further, the analysis of risk
management in the practice of regional management on the example of the Omsk, Novosibirsk and Tyumen regions is carried out. The relevant tools in the activities of government
bodies, such as territorial development strategies, state programs and projects, were identified, which allowed us to introduce a classification of risks with the allocation of strategic,
tactical risks of territorial development and project management risks, among which there is
a strategic level. The analysis of the implemented tools for compliance with the mandatory
stages of risk management showed mainly the absence of risk identification, unified requirements for risk accounting and systematic risk management of regional development. Among
the assessed regions, the Tyumen region has the best practices in terms of risk management. For a more detailed analysis authors highlighted the key institutional and instrumental
elements of risk management such as risk committee, strategic risk map, risk register, action
plan for risk management, and defined logical relationships between them.
Introducción al dossier: A 50 años de Pedagogía del Oprimido: lecturas en torno al legado de Paulo Freire
Authors: Brugaletta Federico
Published: November 2020

Introducción al dossier: A 50 años de Pedagogía del Oprimido: lecturas en torno al legado de Paulo Freire
Pedagogía del oprimido. Una obra cincuentenaria en evolución
Authors: Romão José Eustáquio , Romão Natatcha Priscilla
Published: November 2020

Este artículo analiza la génesis de la formulación y escritura de Pedagogía del oprimido, la obra más importante de Paulo Freire. Indaga históricamente la trayectoria de las distintas ediciones de esta obra, con énfasis en las primera versiones publicadas en distintos países. Se detiene especialmente en la edición realizada en Brasil en tiempos la dictadura militar establecida en 1964, la misma que obligó a Freire a partir al exilio y consideró su pensamiento como “subversivo” del orden autocrático impuesto.
Introducción a la conferencia de Adriana Puiggrós
Authors: Fernández Pais Mónica
Published: November 2020

Introducción a la conferencia de Adriana Puiggrós
UNIVERSO BERROCAL
Authors: López Rubiño David
Published: November 2020

En una de las múltiples visitas al estudio taller de Miguel Berrocal en Villanueva de Algaidas (sede de la Fundación Escultor Berrocal para las Artes) que hemos tenido el privilegio de realizar a lo largo de 2019-2020 –con el pretexto de la preparación de este número–, tuvo lugar uno de esos encuentros fortuitos que el estudio taller propicia. De repente me reconocí inmerso en una especie de relato de Vila - Matas. Imaginé una escena tan improbable y singular, como surrealista: visualicé en la entrada de la Villa del Negrar a un impoluto e impecable dandi, de traje oscuro y singular bombín. Un paraguas en una mano y una pequeña maleta en la otra. Podía reconocer la misma corbata de flores que aparece en el retrato que hizo S. Schapiro en 1965 de René François Ghislain Magritte con su fascinante Golconda(1953) como fondo. Aunque lo mas llamativo esta vez no sería ni el bombín ni la corbata, sino un florido botín de vivos colores. Aunque solo uno, el derecho. En el pie izquierdo se dejaba ver un calcetín listado. El pintor surrealista, “el jinete perdido”, esperaba de tal guisa ser recogido en coche por su marchante Alexander Yolas. Para quizás emprender el largo viaje de vuelta a Schaerbeek tras haber verificado el proceso de fundición de unos moldes en cera de su obra, cuya supervisión Yolas había encomendado a Berrocal en 1967.
El párrafo anterior intenta describir[1]y hacer emerger –confiando en el potencial de la écfrasis[2]– una imagen muy concreta, aunque ésta no sea mas que unaconstrucción imaginaria. Pero eso sí, una imagen que fue provocada e inducida por un objeto en particular. Se ponía así de manifiesto todo su potencial afectivo/efectivo, o como diría Alfred Gell (2016), su ‘agencia’. Este objeto es, precisamente, el botín cuya fotografía ocupa la portada de este número:La chaussure de Magritte (López, 2019).Un objeto que, a priori, poco o nada tendría que ver con el universo de Berrocal, salvo por el hecho de que este zapato en concreto, este supuesto botín de Magritte, se encontraba cuidadosamente dispuesto en una estantería de su estudio. (Continuar leyendo)
 
[1]Entendiendo que un texto solo puede describir lo que vemos en una imagen, pero en ningún caso puede llegar a representarlo (Goodman, 1976).
[2]Mitchell en su conocida Teoría de la Imagen (2009) analiza lo que el mismo denomina “la fascinación del problema de la écfrasis”, e identifica tres estadios de la misma: “el miedo a la écfrasis”, “la esperanza ecfrásica” y por último “la indiferencia a la écfrasis” (pp. 138-139). Para posicionarse finalmente –contra Goodman– de forma explícita a favor de la última posición, asumiendo que: “(…) no existe ninguna diferencia esencial entre los textos y las imágenes y, por tanto, no hay ningún cisma que deba quedar superado por estrategias ecfrásticas especiales.” (p.144). [Véase la discusión sobre esta posición en Kurazynska y Cabrera (2020)].
The Fabrication of Cassava Silk Fibroin-Based Composite Film with Graphene Oxide and Chitosan Quaternary Ammonium Salt as a Biodegradable Membrane Material
Authors: Zhao Shuqiang , Ma Pibo , Wan Ailan , Huang Jiwei , Yu Houyong , Lai Enping , Lin Haitao , Miao Xuhong , Yue Xinxia
Published: November 2020

A novel and excellent composite film was fabricated by simply casting cassava silk fibroin (CSF), chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC), and graphene oxide (GO) in an aqueous solution. Scanning electron microscope images showed that when GO was dispersed in the composite films, the surface of CSF-based composite film became rough, and a wrinkled GO structure could be found. When the content of GO was 0.8%, the film displayed a higher change with respect to the breaking strength and elongation, respectively, up to 97.69 ± 3.69 and 79.11 ± 1.48 MPa, keeping good thermal properties because of the incorporation of GO and HACC. Furthermore, the novel CSF/HACC/GO composite film demonstrates a lower degradation rate, implying the improvement of the resistance to the enzyme solution. Especially in the film with 0.8 wt% GO, the residual mass arrived at 64.35 ± 1.1% of the primary mass after 21 days compared with the CSF/HACC film. This would reclaim the application of silk-based composite films in the biomaterial field.
Rule by the Few in the Federalist Papers: An Examination of the Aristocratic Preference of Publius
Authors: Felice Carl M.
Published: November 2020

The Federalist Papers are a set of eighty-five essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay during the founding era of the United States, with the purpose of persuading the states to adopt the Constitution as the replacement for the Articles of Confederation. The Papers were some of the most impressive political writings of the time, and are still cited frequently today by the United States Supreme Court. The arguments set forth in the Papers attempted to defend the Constitution's aristocratic characteristics against its opponents, the Anti-Federalists, while also attempting to normalize an anti-democratic, representative form of government in the minds of the American people. The clever advocacy and skillful rhetoric employed by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay led to the eventual ratification of the Constitution, and consequently the creation of the most powerful and prosperous nation on the planet. This paper examines the differences between the traditional forms of government, the political philosophies of the Papers’ authors, the anti-democratic, aristocratic nature of the government proposed by the Constitution, and the arguments for and against its adoption, as articulated in the Papers and various other writings.