bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of clinical performance of obturating materials in pulpectomies: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Khadilkar Ankeeta Satish , Kapur Aditi , Goyal Ashima , Gauba Krishan , Singh Sanjeev Kumar
Published: April 2024

Background:

Chemomechanical debridement is insufficient to disinfect all bacteria from the root canals of primary teeth, and obturation of canals with an appropriate material thus acquires excellent importance and remains a critical step in the ultimate success of pulpectomy.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate Endoflas, Metapex, and a mixture of calcium hydroxide (CH) and zinc oxide (ZnO) as obturating materials (OMs) in primary mandibular second molars.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy-five mandibular second primary molars requiring pulpectomies were identified in children aged 4–8 years. They were randomly allocated to the three treatment groups according to the type of OM received using the block randomization technique. After the completion of chemomechanical debridement, the canals were filled with Endoflas, Metapex, and CH-ZnO mixture, respectively. The intergroup clinical and radiographic comparison was made based on Coll and Sadrian criteria to decipher their clinical performance at 1, 3, and 6 months.

Results:

No statistically significant differences between the groups were observed at any evaluation time interval (P > 0.05). At 6 months, the clinical success rates were 95.2% in Endoflas, 96% in Metapex, and 95.8% in the CH and ZnO mixture groups, respectively. The materials, however, behaved differently in different clinical situations.

Conclusion:

Based on the observations, all three OMs showed similar clinical success in maintaining tooth functioning, but their use can be restricted to indications. However, prospective studies with longer follow-ups with more stringent eligibility criteria are required to reach more definitive conclusions.
Comparison of two different caries risk assessment tools for infants and toddlers – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Devraj Indira Mysore , Shankaraguru Girish M. , Jairam Lalitha S. , Dhull Kanika Singh , Bhojraj Nandlal
Published: April 2024

Context:

One of the essential components for successful caries management is caries risk assessment (CRA). Among CRA tools (CRATs) published in the literature: Caries management by risk assessment (CAMBRA) 123 and American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) CRATs are specifically designed for infants and toddlers.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to compare readily available internationally accepted CRAT for infants and toddlers and check the usability of these tools in assigning caries risk among the Indian population.

Settings and Design:

The study was conducted at Baby Oral Health Promotion Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Tertiary Care Hospital using a cross-sectional study design.

Subjects and Methods:

Data were collected using CAMBRA 123 and AAPD CRATs from 379 children aged 0–6 years. The caries risk of the children was recorded with each CRAT and a comparison was made between the two tools used.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The percentage of agreement and Cohen’s kappa coefficient were used to know the agreement between the CAMBRA 123 and AAPD CRATs using the SPSS statistical tool. The significance level was set at 5% (α = 0.05).

Results:

For children aged <2 years, the study showed slight agreement between the CAMBRA 123 and AAPD, whereas, for children more than 2 years, there was a fair agreement between the two methods which was statistically significant. This indicates that the agreement between the two methods is still not perfectly established, and AAPD CRA assigns a higher risk category than CAMBRA 123.

Conclusions:

CAMBRA 123 is a promising user-friendly quantitative method for CRA in clinical practice. Since there is ambiguity in assessing the caries risk in children <2 years, there is a need to establish a CRAT that can be used exclusively for children below 2 years.
Associations between nonnutritive sucking habits, developing malocclusion, and various feeding practices in 3–6-year-old Indian urban children: A case–control study
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Jawdekar Ashwin
Published: April 2024

Background:

Nutritive sucking and nonnutritive sucking (NNS) may affect the craniofacial development, differently.

Aim and Objectives:

We investigated associations between NNS habits (NNSHs), developing malocclusion, and various feeding practices in 3–6-year-old children.

Methodology:

A sample of 350 children 3–6-year-old from various preschools were selected for this case–control study (94 with NNSH and 256 without NNSH). NNSH (outcome) and feeding practices and developing malocclusions (exposures) were assessed using a structured study tool.

Results:

The prevalence of NNSH in 3–6-year-old children was 26.8%. The odds (95% [confidence interval (CI)]) of boys compared to girls having NNSH were 0.66 (0.4121–1.706) (P = 0.0290). The overall prevalence of developing malocclusion in 3–6-year-old children was 34.01% out of which open bite was most commonly reported with 12.57% followed by spacing 8.5%, increased overjet 6.8%, crowding 2.2%, posterior crossbite and rotation 1.4%, and overbite 1.14%. Breastfeeding was found to be the most commonly used mode of feeding reported by 53.42% of mothers. It was found that the odds (95% [CI]) of subjects having NNSH were 0.66 (0.4694–0.9460) (P < 0.0001) who were not breastfed as compared to those who were breastfed. Among developing malocclusions, increased overjet with P = 0.0019, open bite with P = 0.0416, and spacing with P = 0.0243 were found to be associated with feeding practices.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of NNSH and developing malocclusions (increased overjet, open bite, and spacing) was 26.8% and 34.01%, respectively. Breastfeeding played a protective role against developing NNSH.
Sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma misnomering previously as central odontogenic fibroma-A case report with review of literature
Authors: Majumdar Sumit , Sankar Mamidi , Singhal Ishita , Ogirala Smyrna
Published: April 2024

Sclerosing odontogenic carcinoma (SOC) was first described by Koutlas et al. in 2008. Despite its inclusion in the World Health Organization (WHO) as a distinct entity, it is a tumour that remains poorly defined in the literature, with only 10 reported cases to date. The mandibular premolar and molar region is more commonly affected compared to the maxilla. In the maxilla, the anterior and the molar regions are most commonly affected. This article describes a case report of a Sclerosing Odontogenic Carcinoma in a 50 year old male patient in the mandibular region. The radiograph showed a well-defined radiolucency extending from the left ramus of the mandible to the right lower molar region. SOC is low grade with mild atypia and frequent mitosis and diffused infiltrative and perineural spread.
Unravelling the role of autophagy in human dental pulp
Authors: Wakhloo Tulika , Kishore Sanjeev , Durgapal Prashant
Published: April 2024

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular catabolic process that recycles and degrades proteins, organelles and pathogens. It is an endogenous defence mechanism regulating multiple cellular pathways like apoptosis, inflammation, immune response and pathogen clearance and acts as a modulator of pathogenesis. This article highlights the emerging role of autophagy in inflammation and regeneration of human dental pulp. It emphasizes exploring autophagy and autophagy agonists as potential targets for the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of yes-associated protein molecule in the odontogenic epithelium of different histopathological variants of ameloblastoma and unicystic ameloblastoma
Authors: Pattnaik Bodhiswata , Mohanty Sweta , Das Surya Narayan , Rath Rachna , Bhatta Archana , Mishra Sourav
Published: April 2024

Background:

Ameloblastoma is one of the major odontogenic neoplasms with an invasive and recurrence potential. Its tumourigenesis and proliferative capacity can be attributed to the activation or inactivation of certain molecular signalling pathways. Hippo signalling pathway is known to regulate diverse physiological processes related to mitosis and organ growth and is an emerging tumour suppressor pathway, the dysfunction of which is implicated in various diseases including cancers. Yes-associated protein1 (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are the downstream effectors in the Hippo cascade, which on nuclear activation leads to cellular proliferation in various tumours.

Aim:

The current study was undertaken to evaluate the expression of YAP in various histopathological variants of ameloblastoma and unicystic ameloblastoma.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of histopathologically diagnosed cases of ameloblastoma, and 10 histopathologically diagnosed cases of unicystic ameloblastoma were obtained from the departmental archives to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of YAP both manually and by software analysis.

Results:

More than 90% of cases of conventional ameloblastoma and unicystic ameloblastoma elicited positive expression of YAP. No statistical difference was found among different histopathological variants of conventional ameloblastoma. Significant difference between the means of all four quantitative score groups was observed.

Conclusion:

In view of the modulating effect of YAP in tumourigenesis and its higher expression in ameloblastoma, further exploration of this molecule appears to be a promising area of research.
Comparative evaluation of arch form among the Nepalese population: A morphological study
Authors: Gupta Simran , Fernandes Rhea , Natarajan Srikant , Jose Nidhin P. , Giri Jamal , Dahal Samarika
Published: April 2024

Aims:

The study aims to identify sexual dimorphic features in the arch patterns based on tooth arrangement patterns and the maxillary and mandibular arches using Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis (EDMA).

Settings and Design:

A total of 96 Nepalese subjects, aged 18 to 25 were assessed using casts and photographs.

Materials and Methods:

Thirteen landmarks representing the most facial portions of the proximal contact areas on the maxillary and mandibular casts were digitised. Seventy-eight possible, Euclidean distances between the 13 landmarks were calculated using the Analysis ToolPak of Microsoft Excel®. The male-to-female ratios of the corresponding distances were computed and ratios were compared to evaluate the arch form for variation in the genders, among the Nepalese population.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Microsoft Excel Analysis ToolPak and SPSS 20.0 (IBM Chicago) were used to perform EDMA and an independent t-test to compare the significant differences between the two genders.

Results:

The maxillary arch’s largest ratio (1.008179001) was discovered near the location of the right and left lateral incisors, indicating that the anterior region may have experienced the greatest change. The posterior-molar region is where the smallest ratio was discovered, suggesting less variation. At the intercanine region, female arches were wider than male ones; however, at the interpremolar and intermolar sections, they were similar in width. Females’ maxillary arches were discovered to be bigger antero-posteriorly than those of males. The highest ratio (1.014336113) in the mandibular arch was discovered at the intermolar area, suggesting that males had a larger mandibular posterior arch morphology. At the intercanine area, the breadth of the arch form was greater in males and nearly the same in females at the interpremolar and intermolar regions. Female mandibular arch forms were also discovered to be longer than those of males from the anterior to the posterior.

Conclusions:

The male and female arches in the Nepalese population were inferred to be different in size and shape. With references to the landmarks demonstrating such a shift, the EDMA established objectively the presence of square arch forms in Nepali males and tapering arch forms in Nepalese females.
Multiple myeloma as a mandibular primary - Dilemma in diagnosing rare tumours of the mandible
Authors: Hegde Padmaraj J. , Ramesh Malavika , Shetty Vijith V. , Kumar Sunil
Published: April 2024

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy, and its typical radiographic presentation includes punched-out radiolucency of the skull. It is a bourgeois description of myeloma and often holds good in most cases. However, the diagnosis can get tricky when a patient walks into the clinic with non-specific signs and symptoms. Many suspicions arise when we examine a well-defined mandibular swelling, but the real picture is revealed with thorough screening. This article presents a rare mandibular swelling diagnosed as MM, emphasizing important differential diagnoses for maxillofacial surgeons and pathologists.
Prevalence and diagnostic significance of p16, p53 expression in lichen planus as a potential premalignant lesion in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sridharan Nivethitha , Nagalingam Sangeetha , Vidhya P. , Viswanathan P.
Published: April 2024

Background:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy with significant morbidity and mortality. Identifying potential premalignant lesions is crucial for early detection and effective management. Lichen planus (LP), a chronic inflammatory disorder has been associated with an increased risk of developing OSCC. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic importance of p16 and p53 expression in identifying LP as a potential premalignant lesion for OSCC.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective analysis was conducted on archived tissue samples from patients diagnosed with LP (n = 80) and OSCC (n = 60) between 2017 and 2022. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate p16 and p53 protein expression levels in both LP and OSCC tissues. Clinical data, including patient demographics and lesion characteristics, were collected and correlated with the immunohistochemical findings.

Results and Discussion:

The results revealed a significantly higher prevalence of p16 and p53 expression in LP tissues compared to normal oral mucosa (P < 0.001). Notably, p16 expression was observed in 70% of LP cases, while p53 was detected in 55% of LP cases. Furthermore, a significant association was established between p53 expression and the presence of dysplasia within LP lesions (P = 0.003). This indicates the potential of p53 as a predictive biomarker for malignant transformation in LP. The correlation between p16 and p53 expression levels in LP and OSCC tissues suggests a potential mechanistic link between LP and OSCC development.

Conclusion:

This study underscores the diagnostic importance of p16 and p53 expression as potential markers for identifying LP as a premalignant lesion in the context of OSCC. The elevated prevalence of these markers in LP tissues suggests a potential role in predicting malignant transformation. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the molecular pathways underlying OSCC development from LP and emphasize the need for regular monitoring and early intervention in patients diagnosed with LP. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings and to explore the clinical utility of p16 and p53 as biomarkers for predicting OSCC risk in LP patients.
Comparative evaluation of salivary, serum and urinary 8-OHdG in gutka-associated oral submucous fibrosis
Authors: Prajapati Rajesh K. , Joshi Jaya , Karthikeyan S , Inder Muzalda P. S.
Published: April 2024

Background:

Gutka chewing is the most common deleterious oral habit prevalent in the geographical distribution of the Indian subcontinent. Gutka leads to the production of numerous free radicals, which causes oxidative stress in regional oral tissues. Oxidative stress brings about the oxidation of guanine bases of DNA that generates 8-OHdG as its main byproduct. The presence of 8-OHdG can be evaluated not only in tissue but also in saliva, blood and urine. The availability of 8-OHdG in these samples is quite documented. In addition, a comparative assay of 8-ohdg DNA damage marker in multiple samples is yet to be done.

Material and Methodology:

A sample size of 60 was divided into two groups, i.e., gutka consumers without any lesion and gutka consumers with OSMF. Ten samples each of saliva, serum and urine were collected from these two groups and healthy controls. Samples were centrifuged at 1000 RPM at 2–8°C for 15–20 minutes. A volume of 1.5 ml resultant supernatant was pipetted out in labelled Eppendorf tubes and stored at -80°C. The ELISA test was performed to measure the concentration of 8-OHdG protein in different samples at 450 nm after adding stop solution in 96-well microplate.

Results:

8-OHdG concentration was found to be highest in saliva followed by urine and serum. 8-OHdG concentration in serum was significantly less than that in saliva and urine (P-value <0.05). Intergroup difference in concentration of 8-OHdG of urine, saliva and serum was significant (P-value <0.05). Post
hoc analysis revealed that concentration of 8-OHdG in saliva and urine was non-significantly different (P-value >0.05).

Conclusion:

Saliva appears to be the most appropriate sample type as compared to serum and urine for the evaluation of 8-OHdG in OSMF subjects.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of Glut1 in dentigerous cysts, odontogenic keratocysts, and ameloblastoma
Authors: Deepika K , Kumar N. Govind Raj , Kumar A. Sudarshan , Karri Roja Lakshmi
Published: April 2024

Context:

Glucose uptake may be considered the rate-limiting step for the growth and metabolism of the cancer cell. Studies on GLUT1 have shown that GLUT1 is involved in cell survival and proliferation in both healthy and pathological circumstances. GLUT1 expression is regarded as one of the crucial elements in the development of local aggressiveness, tumour invasiveness, and metastasis, particularly in malignant tumours. The role of glut1 in odontogenic cysts and tumours has remained uncertain.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to assess the expression of Glut1 in dentigerous cysts, odontogenic keratocysts, and ameloblastoma.

Settings and Design:

The study was conducted in GSL Dental College. The study design was a resprospective immunohistochemical study.

Methods and Material:

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of histologically confirmed cases (n = 50), 10 cases of odontogenic keratocysts, dentigerous cysts, ameloblastomas solid, ameloblastomas unicystic, and dental follicles each. Brown colour staining was considered as positive staining for GLUT1. Quantitative analysis was performed by counting the number of labelled cells, and semi-quantitative analysis was conducted by assigning immunostaining intensity scores.

Statistical Analysis:

Chi-square test was used to compare differences between the groups. A P value of ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results:

Odontogenic keratocysts and unicystic ameloblastoma showed ≥50% of label cells with strong intensity of staining. Odontogenic keratocysts and solid ameloblastoma showed sub-cellular localisation of staining in the cytoplasm and membrane. Dentigerous cysts exhibited combined nucleus, cytoplasm, and membrane sub-cellular localisation of staining.

Conclusions:

The development of ameloblastomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and dentigerous cysts appears to be influenced by GLUT-1. Variation in its expression may aid in explanation of some of the differences in biological activity of these lesions.
Hand-off orientation in oral pathology: Bridging the gap for better patient care
Authors: Kamat Mamata , Varsha V. K. , Datar Uma
Published: April 2024

The practice of hand-off orientation in oral pathology plays a pivotal role in ensuring efficient and high-quality patient care. Given the intricate nature of oral health, the seamless transition of patient care from one healthcare provider to another is critical. Hand-off orientation in oral pathology begins with a comprehensive referral of oral biopsy specimens from a general dentist or clinical specialist to the oral pathology laboratory. Obtaining detailed information about oral biopsy tissue and complete patient information from clinicians is indeed crucial for a variety of reasons, including accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. This collaborative approach ensures that patients receive timely and accurate care, reducing the potential for misdiagnosis or treatment delays. In the field of oral pathology, effective hand-off orientation is a cornerstone of patient safety and positive outcomes.
Schwannoma of the base of tongue in a 26-year old male: A rare case report with a short review of literature
Authors: Nath Nayantrishna , Kumar Prashant , Sudha Krishn , Marak Shanti
Published: April 2024

Schwannoma is a benign nerve sheath tumor that arises from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve sheath with uncertain etiology. It is well-encapsulated and a slow-growing tumor. Approximately 25–48% of cases are seen in the head and neck region. Schwannoma of the oral cavity has an approximate incidence of 1%. Tongue base Schwannoma is a rare entity. It can affect all age groups and typically presents as a painless lump. However, when it grows larger than 3 cm, it may produce dysphagia, pain, or discomfort and change in the quality of voice. Hence, Schwannoma should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of exophytic mass of the tongue. We report a rare case of Schwannoma of the base of the tongue in a 26-year-old male who presented with a complaint of lump, along with a review of the literature published in the last 64 years.
Diagnostic reliability of c-KIT (CD117) in salivary gland tumours – A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vijayakumar Gopikrishnan , Kamboj Mala , Narwal Anjali , Sharma Gitika
Published: April 2024

c-KIT is an important diagnostic marker in salivary gland tumours and is expressed in most adenoid cystic carcinomas. Histologically similar salivary gland tumours with variable immunohistochemical expression for c-KIT pose a challenge and make diagnostic reliability ambivalent. An electronic search was performed in MEDLINE by PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Trip, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE up to 31 December 2023, without period restriction. The articles that investigated CD117 or c-KIT in salivary gland tumours were included for review. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of c-KIT immunohistochemical expressions were derived and subjected to meta-analysis using Open Meta analyst for Sierra software. The risk of bias in selected studies was analysed using the QUADAS-2 tool, and RevMan 5.4 was used to output the result. Forty-three articles were reviewed, and 2285 salivary gland cases were analysed. Adenoid cystic carcinoma had an overall expression of 84.9%. A similar expression was found in epimyoepithelial carcinoma (79.1%), lymphoepithelial carcinoma (75%), myoepithelial carcinoma (60.8%), monomorphic adenoma (94.1%), and pleomorphic adenoma (74.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of c-KIT/CD117 for adenoid cystic carcinoma with other salivary gland tumours were 84.99%, 69.09%, 84.79%, and 69.41%, respectively. Current evidence shows that c-KIT, despite its sensitivity, is not specific and therefore cannot be a useful diagnostic marker for distinguishing adenoid cystic carcinoma from other salivary gland tumours. Further research on other salivary gland tumours that exhibit comparable expression is necessary to validate the diagnostic accuracy of c-KIT.
Psychological stress and quality of life among infertile women: A mixed methodology study at a tertiary health center
Authors: Yerra Aruna Kumari , Emmadisetty Swathi , Jogi Suneeth , Yella Siva Anoop , Animalla Venkatesham
Published: April 2024

Background:

A strong correlation exists between infertility, psychological stress, and quality of life (QoL) among women, and hence, emphasis must be made on improving the psychological context and incorporating psychological counseling as a part of infertility evaluation and management. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Modified FertiQoL tools are used to measure the stress perceived by an individual and to assess the impact of fertility problems on the QoL of women, respectively.

Objectives:

The objective was to assess the psychological stress and QoL among the infertile women using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Modified FertiQoL (Core) instruments, respectively, to find the correlation between psychological stress and QoL among the study participants and to find the experiences of women who received prior infertility treatment.

Materials and Methods:

A mixed methodology study was conducted by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radiodiagnosis and Psychiatry on infertile women attending ESIC Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, between December 2020 and August 2021. A total of 274 participants who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled for the quantitative study and 10 participants for the qualitative study. Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, and standard deviation), comparisons (Student’s t-test), and correlations (Pearson: r-value) were used for quantitative data analysis and thematic content analysis for the qualitative data.

Results:

The mean age of the participants was 29.17 years (range 22–39 years) with a mean duration of infertility of 6.17 years. The results showed that the mean Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score among the participants was higher (21.07 ± 4.350) with the low mean Core FertiQoL scores (49.20 ± 7.232). It was also found that there was a significant negative correlation between PSS and total Core FertiQoL scores. The study showed a significant negative correlation between the PSS scores and total FertiQoL, emotional, and mind–body subscales (P < 0.01 significant). It was found that there was a significant negative correlation between PSS scores and subscales of total FertiQoL, in women aged >30 years and those with a duration of infertility of >5 years. Content analysis of in-depth interviews with the women treated for infertility revealed the difficulties the women faced while seeking treatment.

Conclusion:

The study showed that infertility-related stress was affecting the QoL of women. Based on the recommendations, a holistic approach to the management of infertile women was made, and counseling sessions, yoga, and meditation were started for infertile women.
In vitro chronic wound healing using collagen and plant extract along with zinc nanoparticles
Authors: Bobby J Sofia , Purnima S , Mythily V , Ghiri Rajan B , Shubhankar S , Sowmiya M
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: While the use of zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) as an antibacterial agent in the biomedical industry has recently attracted significant attention, collagen has aroused significant interest as a biomaterial in medical and tissue engineering applications.
OBJECTIVES: In order to create biofilm loaded with biosynthesized ZnNPs for use in chronic wound healing applications, type-I collagen was extracted from the study's subject. by the acid soluble collagen technique, collagen was isolated from the fish skin of the trevally and identified by SDS-PAGE. Aqueous extract from Cassia fistula leaves was also used to greenly manufacture stable ZnNPs, which were then characterized by UV-Vis, FTIR, and XRD measurements.
METHODS: Collagen and ZnNPs were then added to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), creating a thin biofilm that had a high biocompatibility due to the production method's absence of a chemical reducer and crosslinking agent. When tested against the harmful bacteria, both ZnNPs alone and PVA/Collagen/ZnNPs biofilms showed potent antibacterial activity.
RESULTS: By using the MTT test, the cytotoxic effects of collagen and ZnNPs on the Vero cell line were evaluated. With 97.76% wound closure, the PVA/Collagen/ZnNPs biofilm demonstrated strong in vitro wound scratch healing efficacy.
CONCLUSION: The findings show that the PVA/Collagen/ZnNPs film dramatically increased cell migration by 40.0% at 24 hours, 79.20% at 48 hours, and 97.76% at 74 hours.
Short-term Electricity Load Forecasting Based on Improved Seagull Algorithm Optimized Gated Recurrent Unit Neural Network
Authors: Xu Mengfan , Pan Junyang
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: The complexity of the power network, changes in weather conditions, diverse geographical locations, and holiday activities comprehensively affect the normal operation of power loads. Power load changes have characteristics such as non stationarity, randomness, seasonality, and high volatility. Therefore, how to construct accurate short-term power load forecasting models has become the key to the normal operation and maintenance of power.OBJECTIVES: Accurate short-term power load forecasting helps to arrange power consumption planning, optimize power usage and largely reduce power system losses and operating costs.METHODS: A hybrid decomposition-optimization-integration load forecasting method is proposed to address the problems of low accuracy of current short-term power load forecasting methods.RESULTS: The original power load time series is decomposed using the complete ensemble empirical modal decomposition method, while the correlation of power load influencing factors is analysed using Pearson correlation coefficients. The seagull optimisation algorithm is overcome to fall into local optimality by using the random adaptive non-linear adjustment strategy of manipulated variables and the differential variational Levy flight strategy, which improves the search efficiency of the algorithm. Then, the The gated cyclic unit hidden layer parameters are optimised by the improved seagull optimisation algorithm to construct a short-term electricity load forecasting model.The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation experimental analysis. The results show that the proposed method has improved the accuracy of the forecasting model.CONCLUSION: The CEEMD method is used to decompose the original load time series, which improves the accuracy of the measurement model. The GRU prediction model based on improved SOA optimization not only has better prediction accuracy than other prediction models, but also consumes the least amount of time compared to other prediction models.
Analysis of Response and Progression Patterns of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Recurrent or Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: A Post Hoc Analysis of Two KCSG Phase II Trials
Authors: Kim Youjin , Keam Bhumsuk , Kang Eun Joo , Kim Jin-Soo , Kim Hye Ryun , Lee Keun-Wook , Kwon Jung Hye , Lee Kyoung Eun , Yang Yaewon , Choi Yoon Hee , Kim Min Kyoung , Ji Jun Ho , Yun Tak , Choi Moon Young , Lee Ki Hyeong , Kim Sung-Bae , Ahn Myung-Ju
Published: April 2024

Purpose In this study, we evaluated 66 patients diagnosed with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) enrolled in two Korean Cancer Study Group trials to investigate the response and progression patterns in recurrent and/or metastatic ACC treated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs).Materials and Methods We evaluated 66 patients diagnosed with ACC who were enrolled in the Korean Cancer Study Group trials. The tumor measurements, clinical data, treatment outcomes, and progression patterns of therapy were analyzed.Results In the 66 patients (53 receiving axitinib and 13 receiving nintedanib), the disease control rate was 61%, and three patients achieved partial response. The median follow-up, median progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival, and 6-month PFS rate were 27.6%, 12.4%, and 18.1% months and 62.1%, respectively. Among 42 patients who experienced progression, 27 (64.3%) showed target lesion progression. Bone metastasis was an independent poor prognostic factor.Conclusion Overall, most patients demonstrated stable disease with prolonged PFS; however, prominent target lesion progression occurred in some patients. Thus, PFS may capture VEGFR-TKI efficacy better than the objective response rate.
Isochronous centers and flat Finsler metrics (I)
Authors: Mu Xinhe , Miao Hui , Huang Libing
Published: April 2024

The local structure of rotationally symmetric Finsler surfaces with vanishing flag curvature is completely determined in this paper. A geometric method for constructing such surfaces is introduced. The construction begins with a planar vector field X that depends on two functions of one variable. It is shown that the flow of X could be used to generate a generalized Finsler surface with zero flag curvature. Moreover, this generalized structure reduces to a regular Finsler metric if and only if X has an isochronous center. By relating X to a Liénard system, we obtain the isochronicity condition and discover numerous new examples of complete flat Finsler surfaces, depending on an odd function and an even function.
Largest exact structures and almost split sequences on hearts of twin cotorsion pairs
Authors: Liu Yu , Yang Wuzhong , Zhou Panyue
Published: April 2024

Hearts of cotorsion pairs on extriangulated categories are abelian categories. On the other hand, hearts of twin cotorsion pairs are not always abelian. They were shown to be semi-abelian by Liu and Nakaoka. Moreover, Hassoun and Shah proved that they are quasi-abelian under certain conditions. In this article, we first show that the heart of any twin cotorsion pair has a largest exact category structure and is always quasi-abelian. We also provide a sufficient and necessary condition for the heart of a twin cotorsion pair being abelian. Then by using the results we have got, we investigate the almost split sequences in the hearts of twin cotorsion pairs. Finally, as an application, we show that a Krull–Schmidt, Hom-finite triangulated category has a Serre functor whenever it has a cluster tilting object.
Квази-энергетическая функция для 3-диффеоморфизмов Морса-Смейла c неподвижными точками попарно различных индексов
Authors: Pochinka Olga Vital'evna , Talanova Elena Anatol'evna
Published: April 2024

Настоящая работа посвящена оценке снизу числа критических точек функции Ляпунова для 3-диффеоморфизмов Морса-Смейла с неподвижными точками попарно различных индексов. Известно, что при наличии единственной некомпактной гетероклинической кривой несущим многообразием рассматриваемых диффеоморфизмов является 3-сфера, а класс топологической сопряженности такого диффеоморфизма $f$ полностью определяется классом эквивалентности (которых бесконечно много) хопфовского узла $L_{f}$ - узла в образующем классе фундаментальной группы многообразия $\mathbb S^2\times\mathbb S^1$.
Более того, любой хопфовский узел реализуется некоторым диффеоморфизмом рассмотренного класса. Известно, что диффеоморфизмы, определяемые стандартным хопфовским узлом $L_0=\{s\}\times \mathbb S^1$, обладают энергетической функцией - функцией Ляпунова, множество критических точек которой совпадает с цепно рекуррентным множеством. Однако множество критических точек любой функции Ляпунова диффеоморфизма $f$ с нестандартным хопфовским узлом строго больше цепно рекуррентного множества диффеоморфизма.
В настоящей работе для диффеоморфизмов, определенных обобщенными узлами Мазура, построена квази-энергетическая функция - функция Ляпунова с минимальным числом критических точек.
Библиография: 13 названий.
О 5- и 6-листных деревьях, имеющих наибольшее количество паросочетаний
Authors: Kuz'min Nikita Aleksandrovich , Malyshev Dmitriy Sergeevich
Published: April 2024

Паросочетанием графа называется любое множество его ребер, попарно не имеющих общих вершин. Важным параметром графов, находящим свое применение в математической химии, является индекс Хосойи, определяемый как количество их паросочетаний. Ранее рассматривались и были полностью решены задачи максимизации этого индекса для $n$-вершинных деревьев c двумя, тремя, четырьмя листьями при любом достаточно большом $n$. В этой работе полностью решается аналогичная задача для 5-листных деревьев при $n\geqslant 20$ и для 6-листных деревьев при $n\geqslant 26$.
Библиография: 19 названий.
Группа изометрий решетки $K_0(\mathbb P_n)$
Authors: Beldiev Ivan Sergeevich
Published: April 2024

Мы изучаем группу изометрий группы Гротендика $K_0(\mathbb P_n)$,
снабженную билинейной несимметричной формой Эйлера. Мы доказываем
несколько свойств этой группы; в частности, показываем, что она
изоморфна прямому произведению $\mathbb Z/2\mathbb Z$ и свободной
абелевой группы ранга $[(n+1)/2]$. Также мы явно вычисляем ее
порождающие для $n\leqslant 6$.
Библиография: 6 названий.
О порождении групп $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{Z}+i\mathbb{Z})$ и $\mathrm{PSL}_n(\mathbb{Z}+i\mathbb{Z})$ тремя инволюциями, две их которых перестановочны. II
Authors: Vsemirnov Maxim Aleksandrovich , Gvozdev Rodion Igorevich , Nuzhin Yakov Nifantevich , Shaipova Tatyana Borisovna
Published: April 2024

Мы завершаем решение задачи о существовании порождающих троек инволюций, две из которых перестановочны, для специальной $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{Z}+i\mathbb{Z})$ и проективной специальной $\mathrm{PSL}_n(\mathbb{Z}+i\mathbb{Z})$ линейных групп над кольцом целых гауссовых чисел. Ответ был неизвестен только для $\mathrm{SL}_5$, $\mathrm{PSL}_6$ и $\mathrm{SL}_{10}$. Мы указываем явно такие порождающие тройки инволюций в этих трех случаях, причем в доказательстве существенно используем компьютерные вычисления. Учитывая известные результаты по рассматриваемой задаче, в качестве следствия получаем два следующих утверждения. Группа $\mathrm{SL}_n(\mathbb{Z}+i\mathbb{Z})$ (соответственно $\mathrm{PSL}_n(\mathbb{Z}+i\mathbb{Z})$) тогда и только тогда порождается тремя инволюциями, две из которых перестановочны, когда $n\geqslant 5$ и $n\neq 6$ (соответственно когда $n\geqslant 5$).
Библиография: 8 названий.
Теорема Хасьминского для уравнения Колмогорова с частично вырожденной матрицей диффузии
Authors: Shaposhnikov Stanislav Valer'evich , Shatilovich D V
Published: April 2024

Исследуется стационарное уравнение Колмогорова
с вырожденной матрицей диффузии и разрывным коэффициентом сноса.
Получены достаточные условия существования вероятностного решения.
Построены примеры, показывающие точность условий.
Библиография: 15 названий.
Цепочки со связями диффузионного типа,
содержащие большое запаздывание
Authors: Kaschenko Sergey Aleksandrovich
Published: April 2024

Исследуется локальная динамика системы осцилляторов
с большим количеством элементов и со связями диффузионного типа,
содержащими большое запаздывание. Выделены критические случаи
в задаче об устойчивости нулевого состояния равновесия и показано,
что все они имеют бесконечную размерность.
Применяя специальные методы бесконечной нормализации,
построены квазинормальные формы - нелинейные краевые задачи
параболического типа, нелокальная динамика которых определяет
поведение решений исходной системы в малой окрестности
состояния равновесия. Эти квазинормальные формы содержат
либо две, либо три пространственные переменные,
что подчеркивает сложность динамических свойств исходной задачи.
Библиография: 29 названий.
О скорости сходимости в локальной теореме восстановления для марковского случайного блуждания
Authors: Bakai Gavriil Andreevich
Published: April 2024

Пусть последовательность случайных величин $\{X_n\}_{n\geqslant 0}$ представляет собой однородную неразложимую цепь Маркова с конечным множеством состояний. Предположим, что случайные величины $\xi_n$, $n\in\mathbb{N}$, определены на переходах цепи.
Положим $S_0:=0$, $S_n:=\xi_1+…+ \xi_n$, $n\in\mathbb{N}$, и введем функцию восстановления
$$
u_k:=\sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} \mathsf P(S_n=k),
\qquad k\in\mathbb{N}.
$$
В работе показано, что функция восстановления сходится к своему пределу с экспоненциальной скоростью, и дано явное описание показателя экспоненты.
Библиография: 8 названий.
Going beyond «The Standard Menu»?
Authors: Martynov B. F.
Published: April 2024

Book Review: Davydov V.M. Conceptual positioning in the context of regional studies. The experience of Latin American Studies and not only… – Moscow: Ves’ Mir, 2023. – 150 p.
The Effect of 12 Weeks of Rebound Therapy Exercise Training on Walking Ability of Spinal Cord Injury Patients
Authors: Sadeghi Morteza , Ghasemi Gholam Ali , Karimi Mohammad Taghi
Published: April 2024

Background:

Walking ability is a crucial factor for recovery and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of rebound therapy on walking parameters in SCI patients.

Methods:

Thirty members of Isfahan Spinal Cord Injury Association participated in this experimental study using a convenience sampling method. This study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Isfahan (IR.UI.REC.1400.118). The participants were randomly assigned to control and rebound groups using a matched randomization method. Data were collected before and after 12 weeks of rebound therapy exercise (three sessions per week) in the walking laboratory, using a seven-camera 3D motion capturing system (Qualisys motion analysis). The final data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS software (significance level p < .05).

Results:

Rebound therapy training significantly improved all dependent variables (p < .05) except hip rotation, indicating its effectiveness for enhancing walking ability.

Conclusion:

Given the importance of walking function, we recommend the use of rebound therapy training as an exercise rehabilitation method for spinal cord injury patients.
Compositional Confluence Criteria
Authors: Shintani Kiraku , Hirokawa Nao
Published: April 2024

We show how confluence criteria based on decreasing diagrams are generalized
to ones composable with other criteria. For demonstration of the method, the
confluence criteria of orthogonality, rule labeling, and critical pair systems
for term rewriting are recast into composable forms. We also show how such a
criterion can be used for a reduction method that removes rewrite rules
unnecessary for confluence analysis. In addition to them, we prove that
Toyama's parallel closedness result based on parallel critical pairs subsumes
his almost parallel closedness theorem.
Experiences of Patients Living with Peritoneal Dialysis: A Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Göktuna Gizem , Arslan Gülşah , Nasuhbeyoğlu Güler
Published: April 2024

Background: Peritoneal dialysis is a renal replacement therapy in which individuals themselves manage their treatment processes. During this treatment, patients who receive peritoneal dialysis go through a lot of experiences.

Objectives: The study aims to describe the experiences of patients receiving peritoneal dialysis.

Methods: This study used a qualitative descriptive design. In-depth face-to-face interviews with the participants (n = 16) were conducted using semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using the content analysis method.

Results: Three main themes emerged as a result of the content analyses: “experiences affecting adaptation”, “daily life activities”, and “emotional experiences”.

Conclusion: Thanks to these learned experiences, nurses can give more individualized patient care. Arrangements can be made in areas that are difficult in daily life activities. Considering these experiences in patient care, they can facilitate the adaptation of the patient and help to cope with negative emotions.
“Bir sonraki dalganın sonunda ne olacağını bilemezsiniz…” : Dalgalara Karşı Filminin Öz Aşkınlık Kuramı Çerçevesinde Analizi
Authors: Altun Fatma , Ay Kaatsız Melike Ayça
Published: April 2024

Giriş: Pamela Reed’in Self-Transcendence (Öz Aşkınlık) kuramı, hemşirelerin hem kendilerinin hem de bakım verdikleri bireylerin potansiyellerini keşfetmelerini sağlaması bakımından önemli bir kuramdır. Kuramın ve barındırdığı temel kavramların hemşireler tarafından öğrenilmiş olması, bilgileri beceriye dönüştürerek kişisel ve mesleki yaşamlarına kuramı entegre edebilmeleri için gereklidir. Filmler, soyut kavramların somutlaştırılarak öğretilmesinde yararlı bir öğretim aracıdır.

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, Öz Aşkınlık kuramı ve temel kavramları çerçevesinde Soul Surfer (Dalgalara Karşı) filmini analiz etmek ve bu yolla kuramın daha iyi özümsenmesini sağlayacak somut bir öğrenme materyali olarak değerlendirilmesini sağlamaktır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, Dalgalara Karşı filmi nitel analiz yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Film toplamda üç kez izlenmiş, kuramın temel kavramlarını içeren sahneler not alınmış, analiz için öğretici çıkarımlar yapılarak veriler oluşturulmuştur. Verilerin raporlanması COREQ doğrultusunda yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırmada, Dalgalara Karşı filminde öz aşkınlık kuramının temel kavramlarını açıklamaya uygun olabileceği düşünülen 9 sahne bulunmuştur; 2 sahne savunmasızlık, 5 sahne öz aşkınlık, 2 sahne ise iyilik hali kavramları ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Kavramların daha rahat somutlaştırılabilmesi amacıyla sahnelerde yer alan diyaloglara da başlıklar altında yer verilmiştir.
Sonuç: Öz Aşkınlık kuramının hemşirelere, hemşirelik öğrencilerine hastalarına bakım verirken yol gösterici, eğitici bir rehber olabileceği, Dalgalara Karşı filminin ise kuramı anlamlandırmada yeterince öge barındırdığı düşünülmüştür. Bu bağlamda, filmin kuramın ve temel kavramlarının hemşireler tarafından benimsenmesinde yararlı bir materyal olduğu düşünülmüştür.
The Effect of Yakson Touch on Pain and Physiological Parameters of the Newborn
Authors: Ekinci Merve , Karataş Hülya , Arslan Zehra
Published: April 2024

Background: The stressors faced by the newborn can directly affect the newborn’s sensory development, brain development and organization by causing pain in the newborn. Yakson touch, a traditional Korean cultural practice, is known to reduce the pain in the newborn.

Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of Yakson touch applied to the newborn on pain and physiological parameters during the heel prick procedure.

Methods: The study was conducted using a randomized controlled trial design (experimental, control). The study sample consisted of 80 newborns (experimental group = 40, control group = 40), all born between 35-40 gestational weeks and considered suitable for clinical conditions. Yakson touch is a technique that involves warm, pressure less, slow, and compassionate touch, following a fixed fifteen-minute protocol. The Yakson touch protocol was initiated for the experimental group before the heel prick procedure. Research data were obtained using the Parent and Baby Information Form, Physiological Parameters Observation Form and Newborn Baby Pain Scale. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS V23 and the significance level was taken as p < .05.

Results: There was no difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of neonatal oxygen saturation, heart rate, and pain score before, during, and after the procedure (p > .05). There was no difference in cry duration between the two groups before and after the heel prick procedure, but the newborns in the experimental group cried less during the heel prick procedure compared to the control group (p = .007).

Conclusion: The newborns in the experimental group, who receives Yakson touch during the heel pricking procedure, had shorter crying times than those in the control group. Therefore, it is recommended to include Yakson touch in nursing interventions during this procedure.