bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Repeat corneal transplantation in Southern China: Indications, surgical technique, outcomes, and risk factors for repeat keratoplasty failure
Authors: Zheng Qiaolan , Zheng Qinxiang , Chen Wuhe , Li Jinyang , Zhao Zelin , Wang Haiou , Jiang Dan , Chen Wei
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

To report the indications, surgical techniques, and outcomes of repeat keratoplasty and evaluate the risk factors for graft failure in the Chinese population.

Methods:

The medical records of 216 patients (243 cases) who underwent at least two keratoplasties at a leading eye hospital in southern China between 2011 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Indications and surgical procedures for repeat corneal transplantation were analyzed. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to determine the graft survival rate after repeat keratoplasty. A multivariable survival model was used to assess the risk factors.

Results:

Repeated keratoplasties increased continuously from 2011 to 2020 (P = 0.002). The most common primary indication was infectious keratitis (38.7%), and the most common reason for repeat keratoplasty was graft rejection (30.04%). Regraft techniques included penetrating keratoplasty (PK) in 165 cases (67.9%), deep lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in 52 cases (21.40%), and endothelial keratoplasty (EK) in 26 cases (10.7%). Median survival was 5.3, 6.8, and 6.4 years for PK, DALK, and EK, respectively. The 5-year survival rate was 53.5%, 66.6%, and 69.8% for PK, DALK, and EK, respectively. The median LogMAR visual acuity was 1.4 for PK, 0.75 for DALK, and 1.2 for EK at the end of the follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed that graft rejection is a risk factor for repeat keratoplasty failure (P = 0.002).

Conclusions:

DALK and EK may provide better outcomes than PK in treating graft failure. Preventing and treating postoperative graft rejection may be key to improving regraft survival. These findings will aid in the management of failed corneal grafts.
BRCA-associated protein1 (BAP1) immunohistochemical stain reliability in postbrachytherapy uveal melanoma enucleation specimens
Authors: Eiger-Moscovich Maya , Shields Carol L , Eagle Ralph C , Milman Tatyana
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

The BRCA-associated protein1 (BAP1) immunohistochemical (IHC) stain has emerged as a powerful and inexpensive prognostic tool in uveal melanoma (UM), correlating with UM genetics and outcome. The data on the reliability of BAP1 immunohistochemistry in previously irradiated UM is scant. We aim to assess BAP1 IHC in post-Iodine-125 plaque brachytherapy-treated UM-enucleated eyes.

Methods:

In a case-control study, the medical records of all patients who underwent enucleation for UM at a major Ocular Oncology Service from December 1st, 2007 to December 31st, 2014 were reviewed. All cases with either chromosome 3 (ch3) status or sufficient follow-up (>5 years or metastasis) were selected. Nuclear BAP1 (nBAP1) immunoreactivity was interpreted as intact (positive in >90% of nuclei), lost (positive in <5% of nuclei), or heterogeneous (positive in 5–90% of nuclei). Retina and intratumoral blood vessels served as internal positive controls.

Results:

A comparison of 34 postbrachytherapy UM secondary-enucleated eyes with 47 nonbrachytherapy primary enucleated controls revealed no significant difference with respect to nBAP1 IHC (lost in 41% vs 51%, P = 0.19), ch3 status (ch3 monosomy in 59% vs 60%, P = 0.48), and outcome (metastatic disease in 44% vs 47%, P = 0.8). Association of nBAP1 IHC with ch3 status and outcome [intact nBAP1/(ch3 disomy and/or no metastasis) and lost nBAP1 (ch3 monosomy and/or metastasis)] in post-brachytherapy UM was significantly lower when compared with non-brachytherapy tumors [21/30 (70%) vs 41/44 (93%), P = 0.004*].

Conclusion:

Although nBAP1 IHC stain is a strong prognostic tool in UM, its association with ch3 status, and outcome in postbrachytherapy UM was significantly lower compared with nonbrachytherapy tumors due to pitfalls in the interpretation of nBAP1 immunoreactivity in irradiated UM. This test should be used judiciously in the prognostication of postbrachytherapy-enucleated UM.
Hybrid intelligent reflective surfaces and relay assisted secure transmission scheme with power allocation
Authors: Shi Yan , Zhao Dongqing , Wu Yue
Published: April 2024

To improve the security and reliability of communication transmissions, this study proposes a novel hybrid secure scheme that combines a decode‐and‐forward (DF) relay and an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) for downlinking multiple‐input single‐output systems. The proposal maximizes the minimum achievable secrecy rate by utilizing alternating optimization algorithms to derive the closed‐form solution of the beamforming vector, obtain the optimal power allocation factor with the successive convex approximation method, and obtain the optimal phase‐shift matrix with the semi‐definite relaxation method. The simulation results demonstrate that our approach outperforms state‐of‐the‐art solutions using only the IRS or DF relay. Moreover, performance improves at a high signal‐to‐noise when increasing the number of IRSs. Notably, a proper power allocation is important to achieve optimal performance.
Potential Analysis of Defossilized Operation of a Heavy-Duty
Dual-Fuel Engine Utilizing Dimethyl Carbonate/Methyl Formate as Primary and Poly
Oxymethylene Dimethyl Ether as Pilot Fuel
Authors: Mühlthaler Markus Sebastian , Härtl Martin , Jaensch Malte
Published: April 2024

This study demonstrates the defossilized operation of a heavy-duty
port-fuel-injected dual-fuel engine and highlights its potential benefits with
minimal retrofitting effort. The investigation focuses on the optical
characterization of the in-cylinder processes, ranging from mixture formation,
ignition, and combustion, on a fully optically accessible single-cylinder
research engine. The article revisits selected operating conditions in a
thermodynamic configuration combined with Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy.

One approach is to quickly diminish fossil fuel use by retrofitting present
engines with decarbonized or defossilized alternatives. As both fuels are
oxygenated, a considerable change in the overall ignition limits, air–fuel
equivalence ratio, burning rate, and resistance against undesired pre-ignition
or knocking is expected, with dire need of characterization.

Two simultaneous high-speed recording channels granted cycle-resolved access to
the natural flame luminosity, which was recorded in red/green/blue and OH
chemiluminescence.

Selected conditions were investigated in more detail with the simultaneous
application of planar laser-induced fluorescence of OH and HCHO and recording
natural flame luminescence in a cycle-averaged manner.

Poly oxymethylene dimethyl ether was used as pilot fuel, building on prior
investigations. The mixture of 65 vol% Dimethyl Carbonate and 35 vol% Methyl
Formate with prior verification on a passenger-car-sized engine substitutes
synthetic natural gas in this study.

Thermodynamically, the increased compression ratio up to 17.6 resulted in
feasible operation and increased indicated efficiency. On the lower compression
ratio of 15.48, a more comprehensive range of applicable air–fuel equivalence
ratios and increased degrees of freedom regarding the pilot’s total energy share
are observed compared to the base configuration with natural gas and EN590 as
pilot fuel.

The air–fuel equivalence ratio sweep from λ = 1.0–2.0 revealed predominantly
premixed and high-temperature heat release via OH*. The temporal and spatial
evolution shifts while leaning out the mixture with increasing gradients on the
radial distribution and decouples for lean mixtures from the initial spray
trajectory.
Ground-penetration radar detection of Root-mass in a Tree Groove in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Aminu M.B. , Ologunaye F.
Published: April 2024

In this study, we present the results of a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey aimed at imaging the lateral root systems of a section of  a tree groove lined by the Tectona Grandis (Teak) species. This was to set the basis for deploying a multi-frequency GPR system for the  non-invasive monitoring of rootmass development and evaluation of plant development and health. The survey involved a single GPR Transect with a total length of 60.1 m established along the middle of a line of matured Teak trees. Data was collected at 250 MHz, 500  MHz and 1000 MHz, simultaneously using a wheel-triggered Utsi Trivue system. Data processing involved a dewow, static corrections,  gain application and background removal. A root zone consisting of two layers was delineated and a total of 159 hyperbolae were interpreted as roots. The roots were limited to the shallow subsurface, the upper 1.1 m of a potential root zone 1.6 m deep. Imaged roots  generally occur in clusters that create much disturbance of the otherwise continuous reflections in the root zone. Often, roots may be  laterally offset from the location of tree bases on the Transect. We further identified a potential set of laterally migrating roots in a zone of undisturbed ground outside the main groove indicating the lateral reach of the usually shallow roots of the Teak tree. The results set  the basis for further work in root-mass estimation and monitoring tree health within our team.
Detection of Heavy Metals in Some Edible Grains Obtained from Two Markets in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Mustapha Aisha , Hameed Ahmad Abdul , Yakubu Mohammed Nuru
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the level of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) in grains sold in Central and Muda Lawal markets in Bauchi.  Our objectives include assessing heavy metal concentrations in the grains and evaluating associated health risks. We utilized Atomic  Absorption Spectrophotometry following acid digestion of grains to determine heavy metal concentrations. In Central market-sourced crops, the mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn were 0.06, 0.49, 0.21, 1.16, 0.15, and 0.17mg/kg respectively. Meanwhile,  crops from Muda Lawal market exhibited mean concentrations of 0.06, 0.58, 0.17, 1.62, 0.1, and 0.22 mg/kg for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn,  respectively. Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn levels were below the permissible limits. However, Fe exceeded permissible limits in small beans, Syria  maize, and white guinea corn from Central market, as well as in Syria maize, Pearl millet II, and white guinea corn from Muda Lawal  market. The daily intake of Cd, Cu, and Pb from most studied crops exceeded the oral reference dose, posing potential health risks.  Conversely, Cr, Fe, and Zn intake levels were within acceptable limits, posing minimal health risks. Hazard quotient and hazard index  values were below 1, suggesting that crop consumption is unlikely to pose health risks.
Churn Prediction in Telecommunication Industry: A Comparative Analysis of Boosting Algorithms
Authors: Ogbonna Opara John , Aimufua Gilbert I.O. , Abdullahi Muhammad Umar , Abubakar Suleiman
Published: April 2024

The issue of customer churn, which is a major problem in the telecommunications industry, poses several challenges, such as financial  implications, client attrition, and increased marketing costs. The advancements achieved in the domain of machine learning and artificial  intelligence have significantly expanded the possibilities for forecasting customer churn, presenting a promising resolution for effectively  handling customer attrition and enhancing customer retention. This study presents a customer churn prediction model that  uses machine learning approaches to assist telecom firms in enhancing customer retention and mitigating churn rates. The study  employs machine learning techniques, such as Adaboost, Gradient Boosting, and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), in order to  evaluate extensive datasets and provide predictions on customer churn via a comparative evaluation. The methodology involves  extracting data from the Kaggle data pool, doing further data preparation, and identifying relevant features. The Synthetic Minority  Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) is used as a strategy to mitigate the challenges posed by imbalanced data. The dataset is partitioned  into training and testing sets at a ratio of 75% to 25%. The XGBoost model demonstrated superior accuracy and recall, positioning itself as  the top-performing model among the studied models. The attained accuracy rate was 89.51%. The XGBoost method has a recall rate  of 92.48%, which is the highest of the three algorithms evaluated. Gradient boosting follows with a recall rate of 87.69%, while Adaboost achieves a recall rate of 85.13%. These findings underscore the potential of machine learning techniques for addressing the challenges  posed by customer churn in the telecommunications industry.
Effects of Climate Change among Smallholder Farmers in Bade Local Government Area of Yobe State, Nigeria
Authors: Dagona Ahmadu Musa , Dala Ali , Hassan Abubakar
Published: April 2024

This research studied the effects of climate change in Bade Local Government Area of Yobe State. A quantitative method was used to  gather data in this study. A questionnaire was administered to the smallholder farmers (household heads) in the study area. Data  collected was analysed using descriptive statistics and results show that 77.5% of the farmers agree that the temperature in the study  area is increasing, 83% agree that there is an increase in drought, 76% agree that flood is increasing during the rainy season, 66% agree  that there is an increase in crop infestation and diseases, 68% agree that there is excessive de-vegetation, 82.5% are of the opinion that  forest resources are declining, 66.5% said that the cost of food crops is increasing, 75% agree that there is change in the livelihood of  people, whilst 77.5% agree that there is rural-urban migration. The research therefore recommends that farmers in the study area be  enlightened about the prospects of adaptation strategies by agricultural institutions. Finally the study suggests that effective policy  measures should be taken to promote the adoption of climate change adaptation strategies.
Species Diversity and Abundance of Starling Birds at Federal University Dutse, Nigeria
Authors: Sotayo Falilat Olatoro , Isah Ahmad Garba
Published: April 2024

The biodiversity of an ecosystem can give information on the health of that ecosystem. This study examined starling bird species diversity  and abundance, as well as the effects of vegetation and season of the year on starling birds at Federal University Dutse. Point  count bird census technique was used to survey starling birds at sixteen (16), randomly selected points, within the study location, during  the rainy and dry seasons of the year. Vegetation measurement was also taken. The number of trees were counted and percentage grass  cover was estimated. Data analysis was carried out using the statistical software R version 3.3. A total of 607 individual birds of five (5)  starling species; Chestnut-bellied starling, Greater blue-eared starling, Lesser blue-eared starling, Long-tailed glossy starling and Purple glossy starling were observed. There was a significant negative relationship between Starling species diversity and percentage grass  cover (p < 0.001) as Starling species diversity decreased with increase in percentage grass cover. Starling species diversity also differed  significantly by seasons of the year (p < 0.001), with higher diversity recorded during the dry season. Starling bird abundance on the  other hand, also decreased marginally with increase in percentage grass cover (p = 0.06) and was higher during the dry season of the  year (p = 0.01). The most abundant Starling bird species was the Chestnutbellied starling (p < 0.001).
Study of Cadmium Doped Lead Sulphide Thin Films Deposited Using Spray Pyrolysis Technique
Authors: Madugu M.L. , Makko J.A.
Published: April 2024

No Abstract
Synthesis of Sugarcane Bagasse Based Zeolite and Optimization of Particle Size, Reagent Ratio, Contact Time, and Microwave Influence
Authors: Nuhu A. A. , Garba Z. N. , Ibrahim H. , Abdulrazak S.
Published: April 2024

The persistent contribution of agricultural wastes to the total global solid waste underscores the urgent necessity for environmentally sustainable approaches to their management. This study explored the synthesis and optimization of zeolite derived from cost-effective sugarcane bagasse via microwave sintering, employing four key process variables: particle size (90-200 µm), reagent ratio (0.5-1), contact time (10-20 min.), and microwave power (400-700 W), through a full factorial design. The investigation revealed that these parameters exerted diverse influences on the porosity of the resultant zeolite. Optimal synthesis conditions were identified at particle size of 200 µm, reagent ratio of 0.5, contact time of 20 minutes, and power of 400 W. A linear model was developed for this process with indices such as R² (0.9976), Adjusted R² (0.9823), Predicted R² (0.8492), Adeq Precision (28.3118), Std. Dev. (0.5942) and C.V. % (0.9632) indicating the high accuracy of the model and its adequacy for predicting the porosity of the produced zeolite with good precision. Additionally, the enhanced porosity exhibited by the synthesized zeolite indicated heightened adsorptive capacity. The substantial adsorption potential of the optimized zeolite thus offers promising prospects for wastewater treatment, effectively addressing numerous environmental challenges and transforming waste into wealth.
Mathematical Modeling of Transient and Steady-State Groundwater Flow in a Confined Aquifer
Authors: Shittu M. T. , Usman M. A. , Ariyo S. O.
Published: April 2024

Groundwater flow problems can be expressed mathematically with the employ of partial differential equations and which could be solved analytically or numerically.  The results obtained showed that the direction of flow of groundwater is from a region of higher hydraulic head to a lower hydraulic head, and that pumping groundwater from the well faster than it is recharged leads to dry wells.  The numerical methods used for the analysis of Transient and steady-state groundwater flow produced efficient, effective and accurate solution and can be used for all real-life problems.
Evaluation of Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland for Treatment of Tannery Wastewater in Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Alfa M. I. , Oluwaseun D. , Adie D. B. , Yaroson H. B. , Ovuarume B. U.
Published: April 2024

Tannery wastewater is often characterized by their complexities in terms of contaminants and require specialized treatment technologies. Hence, the objective of this paper is to explore the performance evaluation of a laboratory-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSFCW) in the treatment of tannery wastewater in Kaduna, Nigeria using appropriate standard techniques. Out of the tree replica systems, two were respectively vegetated with Phragmites australis and Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea, while the last was left un-vegetated and used to treat tannery effluent. Characteristics such as Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Nitrates (NO-3), phosphates (PO43-), suspended solids (TSS) and chromium (Cr) analyzed using standard methods were used as indicators of the treatment efficiency under a 6-day Hydraulic Retention Time.  The results showed that the system vegetated with Phragmites australis had the best performance in the removal of BOD, COD, NO-3, PO43- and Cr (97.9%, 94.2%, 54.4%, 44.1% and 98.4% respectively). The system vegetated with Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea on the other hand had the best performance for SS removal (92.6%) while the system vegetated with Phragmites australis had a SS removal efficiency of 92.3%. The performance indices for unvegetated cell, Phragmites australis vegetated cell and Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea vegetated cell were respectively, 4, 9 and 8 which shows that the cell vegetated with Phragmites australis had the best performance in the treatment of tannery wastewater. It also showed that the performance of the cell vegetated with Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea was also comparable with that of Phragmites australis. This study demonstrated that the HSSFCW vegetated with both Phragmites australis and Polygonum salicifolium + Ipomoea carnea can effectively treat tannery wastewater. There is however a need to investigate the efficiency of the system over a longer period with consideration of microbial characteristics.
Effect of Mulching Materials and Spacing on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) Planted in Experimental Plot in Jericho area of Ibadan Northwest Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Adesida O. A. , Bamigboye T. O. , Aderemi A. M. , Akala A. O. , Ogidan O. A.
Published: April 2024

Mulching is covering the soil surface around the plants with organic or synthetic material to create favorable conditions for plant growth and proficient crop production. Hence, the objective of this paper is to investigate the Effect of Mulching Materials and Spacing on Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) Planted in Experimental Plot in Jericho area of Ibadan Northwest Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria using appropriate standard techniques. The results obtained from the experiment showed no significant difference in the growth parameters of both varieties except in the fruit yield data of the local variety assessed. Treatments which recorded highest values for hybrid and local variety on plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of flowers and number of fruits were T2(27.7cm), T2(1.2mm), T2(64.0),  T2(5.00) and T2(17.0) while treatments which recorded least were T4(20.3cm), T4(0.7mm),T5( 20), T4 ( 1.00)  T3 (0.00) respectively. In conclusion, T1 (30x75cm+plantain leaves), hybrid variety recorded the best performance while for local variety, T2 (60cmx75cm+plantain leaves) recorded highest than other treatments assessed. It was therefore recommended that spacing of 30cmx75cm and plantain leaves should be adopted for the growth and yield of Capsicum annum hybrid varieties while 60x75cm and plantain leaves can be used for local varieties in the study area.
Phytotoxicity Assessment of Different Animal Manure on Selected Vegetable Crops in Kashere Community, Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Bello M. S. , Kolawole O. S.
Published: April 2024

The present study evaluated the phytotoxicity effect of poultry, goat and cow manure on Okra, Tomato and Pepper vegetables using appropriate standard methods.  In the current study, of the three different manure collected and used on the three vegetable crops, GI value of <50% was recorded on Okra and Pepper seeds mounted on PM medium (48.51% and 41.36% respectively), GI value of between 50% and 80% was recorded on Okra, Tomato and Pepper seeds mounted on GM medium (64.76%, 79.77% and 73.70% respectively) also Pepper seeds mounted on CM medium (76.48%) and Tomato seeds mounted on PM medium (75.41%) while GI Value of >80% was observed on Okra and Tomato Seeds mounted on a CM medium (81.63% and 94.10% respectively). Overall result of all the animal manure evaluated, poultry manures was phytotoxic on okra and pepper seed and moderately phytotoxic on Tomato seed based on the plant bioassay evaluated. It is possible that other chemicals that were not analyzed in this study could potentially be responsible for the phytotoxic effects of poultry manure on the vegetable seeds, indicating that some curing in the form of composting or vermicomposting may be necessary to degrade or reduce the presence of phytotoxic compounds in the poultry manure used for the study before use as soil amendments and thus would help to render the resultant end product environmentally safer.
Comparative Physiognomies of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products from Kwale in Delta State, Nembe, and Kula in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Aprioku P. S. , Akpa J. G. , Ademiluyi F. T. , Ehirim E. O. , Usiabulu G. I.
Published: April 2024

This paper investigated selected physiognomies of crude oil and petroleum products collected from Kali in Delta State, Kula in Rivers State, and Nembe in Bayelsa State in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria using the standard procedure of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The result shows that the crude oils were different in terms of API gravity and specific gravity. API gravity of 52.17, 46.31, and 45.38 for Kwale, Kula, and Nembe respectively. This shows that they are not heavy crude oil. The low water content and low viscosity of the crude oils lower the risk of pipe and container corrosion and flow difficulty. The result of density, specific gravity, viscosity, and kinematic viscosity shows the value of those parameters increase from light fraction to heavy fraction. The pour point and flash point recorded for light fractions were lowered than that of heavy fractions, for the three samples of crude oil. The flash point is 61.30 C, -340 C, and -310 C while the pour point is 9 0 C, 20 C, and 6 0 C respectively for Kwale, Kula, and Nembe. The level of heavy metal analyzed was generally low but metals such as nickel and vanadium and other elements such as Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Sulphur were in abundance in the samples of the crude oil. The results are discussed in terms of importance and implication.
Heterogeneity Among Recreational Sea Anglers in England and Wales.
Authors:   , Fisher Adam
Published: April 2024

The Fisheries Act 2020 embedded recreational sea angling in the UK policy framework. Policy and associated management strategies are improved when catering for diverse needs and expectations of stakeholders. Understanding heterogeneity among recreational sea anglers is therefore vital for effectively managing marine-based UK fisheries. By developing a survey-based data collection framework centred on a cognitive hierarchy model, supported by qualitative in-depth interviews, this study presents the first typology of recreational sea anglers in England and Wales to inform future fisheries policy in the UK. Heterogeneity across anglers taking part in the study was best described by a typology consisting of four types: consumers; trophy anglers, leisure-identity anglers; and social anglers. Each angler type is described by performance across 10 factors (latent constructs) drawn from the data framework in addition to several independent variables. The typology was validated by a unique angler verification method. Several data-driven conclusions are made in comparison to existing literature on angler heterogeneity: the angler types reflect those generated by other studies on mixed/freshwater fisheries outside the UK; attitudinal measures showed more variance across the sample than behavioural metrics, specifically involvement, centrality, environmentalism, and attitudes to catch. Specialisation did not feature as appropriate theory to describe diversity in the sample. Divisions between angler segments were less evident in a qualitative analysis of views towards governance and management. Building on the findings, a refined data collection tool based on angler self-allocation is presented to inform future work aiming to replicate the typology and account for potential sample bias in statutory catch reporting programmes. Characteristics of the angler types are also discussed in context of future management scenarios, demonstrating variation in likely stakeholder responses to different policy objectives.
POLA KEPEMIMPINAN MUSA: MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN GEREJA DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Situmorang Sitor , Hermanto Yanto Paulus
Published: April 2024

Abstrak
Kepemimpinan telah menjadi faktor penting dalam keberhasilan suatu organisasi termasuk gereja. Karena pemimpin mempunyai kekuatan untuk mempengaruhi jemaat yang dipimpinnya dalam mencapai misi atau tujuan gereja yang sudah ditetapkan. Namun perkembangan teknologi di era digital sekalipun memberi manfaat tetapi dapat menjadi bumerang dalam pelayanan gereja. Salah satunya adalah adanya jemaat yang tidak mengikuti ibadah hanya di satu gereja melainkan di gereja yang lain juga. Sehingga hal ini sangat berbahaya bagi pertumbuhan rohani jemaat yang tidak tertanam di satu gereja saja. Oleh karena itu, pemimpin rohani perlu belajar pola kepemimpinan Musa yang telah mampu melayani bangsa Israel sebagai bangsa yang “tegar tengguk” menuju tanah perjanjian. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menolong para pemimpin gereja dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan gereja di era digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan metode kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini penulis hendak membahas bagaimana pelayanan gereja di era digital ini dan bagaimana pola kepemimpinan Musa dalam memimpin bangsa Israel. Dari pembahasan ini diketahui pola kepemimpinan Musa yang bisa diterapkan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan gereja di era digital.
 
Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan; Pelayanan; Gereja; Era Digital; Musa
Nilai-nilai Karakter Hamba Tuhan Berdasarkan Surat Titus 1:5,8
Authors: Lawolo Aprianus , Aruan Tiopan
Published: April 2024

In this increasingly advanced world, the role of pastors is crucial. They must be extra striving to shepherd their congregation. However, today there are more or less servants of God who actually live in sin. One of them is in the sin of sexual harassment. This will cause the congregation to find it very difficult to trust the current pastor. And this will actually affect the growth of their faith. To answer the above problems, the author uses a qualitative descriptive method with a literature study approach. The results of the study show that the pastor can carry out his duties well and with integrity by maintaining a wise, fair character, and also maintaining the holiness of his own life.
RATE OF REACTION IN TERMS OF EXTENT (?) OR ADVANCEMENT OF THE REACTION
Authors: Akpan Inemesit A. , Offiong Nnanake-Abasi O. , Akai Uwem P.
Published: April 2024

The aim of this work was to illustrate the rate of a chemical reaction in terms of advancement or extent of reaction, denoted as ?. We applied theoretical mathematical treatments to hypothetical chemical reaction via decay of reactants. A more consistent and succinct definition of the rate of a given reaction has been observed to be given in terms of advancement or extent ? of the reaction. This method of simplification of the kinetics of reaction rates is hereby presented for enhancement of the study of chemical kinetics.
ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF HAND DUG WELL WATER IN MAKURDI, BENUE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Tongu S. M. , Nyijime T. A. , Nwankwo R. C. , Odiba J. O.
Published: April 2024

This paper presents the physicochemical parameters of well water in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from North Bank, High-Level, Tse-Poor and Kanshio areas of Makurdi metropolis over a period of two weeks and analysed for physicochemical parameters using instrumental methods. The results revealed that most of the parameters were within the limits of Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Parameters that were within the permissible limits in all the samples (100 %) were electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, chloride, fluoride and temperature. Their mean values were 262.91±148.33 µS/cm, 133.13±72.86 mg/L, 93.08±48.30 mg/L, 0.44±0.23 mg/L and 28.46±1.27 oC respectively. The compliance of other parameters such as dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total hardness, nitrate and pH with NSDWQ and WHO standards ranged from 50 – 91.67 % of the samples. Meanwhile the reference value for the level of total suspended solids in drinking could not be obtained from the available literature. It was concluded that the well water in Makurdi contains some properties at variance with set standards and should be treated before consumption. There is also a need for periodic assessment of the well water quality to guide against the consumption of water with deteriorated quality.
Wireless Networking: Smart Agriculture
Authors: Vijayan V Balaji , Haleem Abdul , Irbaz Abdullah , Rehman Ali Abdul , Pasha Farhan
Published: April 2024

Modern agriculture has found Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to be a crucial technology, providing real time monitoring and control capabilities to maximize crop productivity and resource utilization. In smart agriculture, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become a game changer because they make it possible to monitor and manage environmental elements in real time that are crucial for crop development and output. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have emerged as a transformative technology in smart agriculture, facilitating real time monitoring and control of environmental parameters critical for crop growth and productivity. This study provides a thorough overview of WSN applications in agriculture, emphasizing how they might improve crop output and resource management. WSNs gather information on soil moisture, temperature, humidity, light intensity, and other significant variables by placing sensor nodes around the farm. These data are wirelessly transferred to a central server or cloud platform, where they are processed by sophisticated analytics, and machine learning algorithms to give farmers useful information. Through the integration of WSN technology, farmers can implement precision agriculture techniques, tailoring irrigation schedules, fertilizer application, and pest control measures based on real time environmental conditions. Moreover, WSNs enable early detection of plant stressors and diseases, allowing for timely interventions to mitigate crop losses. Through case studies and field experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of WSNs in optimizing resource usage, reducing environmental impact, and improving overall farm productivity. As the agricultural industry continues to face challenges related to population growth, climate change, and resource scarcity, the adoption of WSNs offers a sustainable solution to enhance food production while minimizing inputs and preserving natural resources.
A Review of Code Obfuscation and Anti Analysis Techniques
Authors: Gayatri Mutya Sri Lakshmi Meher , Sriphalya Akula Veera Vasu , Yogi Manas Kumar
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates the intricate landscape of code obfuscation and anti analysis techniques within software security. The primary objective is to comprehensively understand the various methods employed to obscure code functionality and impede analysis efforts. Through an extensive literature review, this study examines the fundamental concepts of code obfuscation and identifies common anti analysis strategies utilized by malware authors. By exploring the arms race between obfuscation and analysis, this paper aims to shed light on the evolving tactics employed by both defenders and adversaries in cybersecurity. Methodologically, this research delves into the detailed explanation of prevalent code obfuscation techniques, including control flow obfuscation, data obfuscation, and string obfuscation, alongside examples and case studies illustrating their effectiveness. Similarly, the study scrutinizes anti analysis methods utilized by malware authors, highlighting their impact on software security and malware analysis. Through experimental evaluation and case studies of real world incidents, this research evaluates the efficacy of code obfuscation and anti analysis techniques, providing insights into their implications for software security and malware defence strategies. Key findings of this research underscore the critical role of code obfuscation in software security and the escalating challenge it poses for malware detection and analysis. Moreover, the study elucidates the significance of effectively understanding and countering anti analysis techniques to bolster cybersecurity defences. The implications of this research extend to practitioners and researchers, offering valuable insights into developing mitigation strategies and tools to combat code obfuscated malware and enhance overall software security.
Factores relacionados al estado Todo-Menos-Tesis en la formación de grado de odontólogos de una universidad peruana
Authors: Castro-Rodríguez Yuri
Published: April 2024

Introducción. Elaborar una tesis es un proceso complejo y algunos estudiantes no la culminan, la abandonan o entran en un estado de postergación permanente.
Objetivo. Identificar los factores que se relacionan con la presencia del estado Todo-Menos-Tesis (TMT) en los graduados de un programa de odontología.
Método. Estudio exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo donde participaron 21 graduados. Se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta y una entrevista semiestructurada. El cuestionario recopiló información relacionada a la condición laboral, características personales, tiempo de graduación y características familiares. La guía de entrevista recopiló las categorías de motivos (personales, académicos, económicos y laborales), consecuencias (repercusiones de la postergación de la tesis) y recomendaciones para evitar el estado TMT.
Resultados. El 57,1 % (n = 12) fueron varones. Los principales motivos para postergar la tesis estuvieron relacionados con la adquisición de recursos económicos, pérdida de interés, prioridades familiares, alejamiento académico y sensaciones de habilidades inadecuadas. Los participantes recomiendan ofrecer otras modalidades de titulación, realizar capacitaciones académicas, mejorar las experiencias investigativas y brindar orientación al graduado.
Conclusiones. Los graduados de la carrera de estomatología de la Universidad Científica del Sur presentan múltiples factores personales, cognitivos e institucionales que influyen en la decisión de continuar o retomar la elaboración de su tesis de licenciatura. La dedicación laboral y las responsabilidades familiares son los principales factores que limitan el tiempo de dedicación a la tesis.
Utilization of BPJS Health Services Reviewed from the Public Perception
Authors: Mustikawati Irma Finurina , Sulaeman Endang Sutisna , Subijanto Achmad Arman , Suminah Suminah
Published: April 2024

This study aims to investigate community perceptions of the utilization of BPJS health services, focusing on perception of vulnerability, perception of severity, perception of benefits, and perception of obstacles. Quantitative methods with a descriptive approach were used in this study. All BPJS health participants who received treatment at Prof. Hospital under Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto became the study population. The results showed an influence between the perception of vulnerability, perception of severity, and perception of vulnerability on the behavior of BPJS health participants in utilizing health services. However, there is no influence between the perception of benefits on the behavior of BPJS health participants in utilizing health services.
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Efektivitas Manajemen Program Imunisasi HPV dalam Pencegahan Kanker Serviks
Authors: Habiba Sono Rafa , Puspita Sari Ratna Dewi , Lisiswanti Rika , Irawan Romulya Ari
Published: April 2024

Kanker serviks merupakan masalah kesehatan yang serius bagi perempuan di Indonesia. Beberapa faktor yang dapat memengaruhi efektivitas program ini meliputi aspek kebijakan publik, aksesibilitas pelayanan kesehatan, partisipasi masyarakat, kerjasama lintas sektoral, dan pendekatan komprehensif dalam implementasi program. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi potensi permasalahan, memastikan efektivitas program dalam jangka panjang, dan mendukung perbaikan strategis untuk mencapai target pemerintah dalam meningkatkan layanan imunisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Penelitian ini berlangsung dari bulan November 2023 hingga Januari 2024. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pada instansi Dinas Kesehatan Bandar Lampung, Puskesmas Panjang, Puskesmas Pasar Ambon, dan Puskesmas Labuhan Ratu. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dan maximal variation sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan jumlah informan sebanyak 10 orang, dengan melibatkan satu informan dari Dinas Kesehatan berperan sebagai Koordinator Fungsional Surveilens dan Imunisasi, serta dari masing-masing Puskesmas Panjang, Labuhan Ratu, dan Pasar Ambon, terdiri dari tiga informan, yaitu Kepala Puskesmas, Koordinator Imunisasi, dan paramedis yang terlibat dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efektivitas manajemen program imunisasi HPV adalah sumber daya manusia, pendanaan, sarana dan prasarana,  tahapan perencanaan dan pra-implementasi, tahapan pendistribusian dan pelaksanaan Imunisasi, tahapan monitoring dan evaluasi, penerimaan program imunisasi, dan upaya keberlanjutan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini sumber daya manusia, pendanaan, infrastruktur, tahapan perencanaan dan pra-implementasi, tahapan distribusi dan pelaksanaan imunisasi, tahapan pemantauan dan evaluasi, penerimaan program imunisasi, serta usaha untuk kelangsungan program, semuanya merupakan faktor-faktor yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap efektivitas manajemen program imunisasi HPV.
Eksplorasi Fundamental Cryptocurrency dalam Volatilitas Harga
Authors: Wardhana Chrisna Satya
Published: April 2024

This research aims to comprehensively explore the fundamental factors that influence cryptocurrency price volatility, and apply them to adoption, regulation and investment strategies. The fundamental factors explained include supply, demand, mining activity, transaction fees, block size, blockchain technology, and context mechanisms. This research uses a qualitative and quantitative approach with literature study and secondary data analysis. The research results show that cryptocurrency price volatility is significantly influenced by the interaction of supply and demand, mining activity as reflected in the hash rate, as well as transaction costs and block size in the blockchain network. Additionally, blockchain technology and the context mechanisms used also contribute to price volatility. High price volatility hinders the use of cryptocurrencies as a stable medium of exchange and investment instrument.
Analisis Kebijakan Pendidikan Dalam Perspektif Madrasah
Authors: Arif Syaeful , Dian Hidayati
Published: April 2024

Madrasah memiliki peran strategis dalam pembangunan bangsa. Saat ini pendidikan madrasah masih dianggap pendidikan â€œkelas duaâ€. Hal ini terjadi karena penyelenggaraan madrasah masih menghadapi sejumlah masalah besar mulai seperti persoalan pengelolaan dan rendahnya mutu pendidikan madrasah. Tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk memberi gambaran tentang kiprah madrasah dalam sistem pendidikan di Indonesia, permasalahan madrasah, peluang, dan tantangan madrasah. Madrasah telah menjadi bagian dari sistem pendidikan nasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah studi kepustakaan dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder dari berbagai sumber buku dan jurnal, kemudian melakukan analisis deskriptif data yang dipaparkan secara detil. Berbagai persoalan dihadapi madrasah antara lain pengelolaan pendidikan, kesenjangan antara negeri dan swasta, mutu madrasah, sampai kepada peluang dan tantangan tersendiri bagi madrasah di Indonesia pada saat ini.
Analisis Dampak Regulasi Importasi Hasil Perikanan (2017-2023) Dalam Perspektif Hukum Investasi
Authors: Utomo Prayudi Budi , Binoto Nadapdap  , Wiwik Sri Widiarty
Published: April 2024

Regulasi investasi di Indonesia memiliki peran krusial dalam meningkatkan peluang usaha dan investasi. Namun, terdapat masalah tumpang tindih antara regulasi dan pelaksanaan perizinan di lapangan yang perlu diperbaiki agar lebih efektif. Selain regulasi, manajemen birokrasi juga perlu mendapat perhatian untuk meningkatkan investasi, karena pelaksanaannya masih kurang efisien. Perbaikan regulasi investasi, penanaman modal, dan peningkatan efisiensi pelaksanaannya akan berkontribusi besar terhadap peningkatan investasi dan peluang usaha di Indonesia. Masalah utama dalam pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan di Indonesia melibatkan kebijakan ekonomi yang mendorong eksploitasi sumber daya perikanan dan kekurangan sistem pengelolaan dan penegakan hukum yang kuat. Sistem pemerintahan pusat dan daerah, program kerja, dan organisasi juga perlu disesuaikan agar mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan di sektor perikanan. Melalui penelitian yuridis normatif, data hukum utama, teori, konsep, dan asas-asas hukum, serta peraturan perundang-undangan relevan dipelajari. Reformasi kebijakan, penguatan sistem regulasi, penyederhanaan impor, dan investasi dalam infrastruktur dapat meningkatkan lingkungan bisnis. Konsultasi dan diskusi antara pemerintah, industri, dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya dapat menyelaraskan regulasi yang diperlukan dan memberikan kemudahan berusaha. Pembentukan regulasi melalui harmonisasi peraturan terkait investasi hasil perikanan perlu mengikuti prinsip-prinsip hukum investasi untuk menciptakan lingkungan bisnis yang menarik bagi investor. Pemerintah Indonesia juga harus membuat regulasi yang mendukung investasi pada sektor perikanan untuk mencapai keberlanjutan sumber daya dan pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Deconstruction of Postcolonial Diaspora in Disgrace: From Specific Victimization of Humans to Group Portrait of Non-Humans
Authors: Zhu Zhongwei , Zhang Chi
Published: April 2024

This article reads anew J. M. Coetzee’s Disgrace in the deconstructed discourse of diaspora and postcolonialism, as a palimpsest of rearranged reappearances of realities in the form of an artful moral journey. Self-exiled refugees, at the core of diaspora, are firstly and generally examined through the specific re-narration of race and gender that purposefully happens to Lucy Lurie. Then, about her father David Lurie, there comes the analyzed reconstruction of his dissolution, based on the duplication and adaptation of the debauched historic figure, Lord Byron. The father-daughter plot line is simultaneously accompanied by the conflict of land and the victimization of dogs and provides a platform for displaying the crash of humans and non-humans. The article thusly focalizes the collective affliction of the latter and, invoking the concept of ecocriticism and zoocriticism, penetrates the common phenomena of the former’s diaspora in this Anthropocene era.
Plueral Effusion and Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Haydar Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Pleural effusion, the pathological accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, is very common. Its causes vary widely, ranging from fairly harmless effusions accompanying viral pleuritis to prognostically highly relevant ones due to congestive heart failure or malignances. Pleural effusions are classified by their biochemical properties into exudative and transudative effusions but can also be due to blood, pus and chyle. Applying Light’s criteria may be helpful to diagnose an exudative effusion.

Exudative effusions are commonly caused by infection, malignancy and inflammatory disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

In this case we presented 39 women that was admentes with only short of breath and Pleural effusion, During the hospitalization, a pleural fluid puncture was performed and a cytological result was obtained for ovarian cancer and CA-125 was high in the pleural fluid, the patient underwent chemotherapy and her condition improved hourly.

In this case, we present a rare case in which the patient complained of shortness of breath without surgical or gynecological complaints and was finally diagnosed with ovarian cancer, which raises the importance of ruling out malignancy every time a new pleural fluid is aspirated.