bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Hierarchical Risk Source Identification Method Connected with Event Causal Chain in the Emergency Process of Fire Accident of Petroleum Storage and Transportation
Authors: Yuan Chang Feng , Wang Hao , Chen Yan
Published: January 2014

The fire accident of petroleum storage and transportation has the characteristics of difficult disposal, wide range of influence, and a long-term hazard. Many derivative accidents or secondary accidents caused in the emergency process show that there are some potential risk sources in the process of accident emergency disposal. Effectively identifying these potential risk sources is the key for the active protective design in advance, and it is a minimum cost mean to prevent and reduce accident harm. In the paper, from the perspective of analyzing the nature of accident’s development and evolution process, the causal relationship between events is studied based on the accident-causing theory. The event causal chain is built in according with the order of event occurrence. The risk sources of accident are mined and identify from the node of event chain, and the hierarchical identification method oriented accident’s risk sources is established. For accident’s risk sources, the possible design measures in advance can be given from the perspective of principle design, structural design and control design. For design measure’s risk sources in emergency process can be mined by using man-human engineering method, and the graded risk sources identification method oriented secondary accidents is established. Combining the two methods, the hierarchical risk source identification method connected with event causal chain is put forward so as to effectively identify these potential risk sources in emergency process. Finally, oil pipeline explosion accident of dalian’s xinggang harbor on July 16, 2010 is taken as a case to verify the feasibility of proposed method.
Research of Hazards Management Model in Construction Site
Authors: Zhao Xiang Dong
Published: January 2014

The position and role of the construction industry in the national economy is getting increasingly significant, though the safety situation of construction production is not optimistic as hazards is the basic cause of the accident as well as the necessity of the research of hazard management mode has been increasing. Based on the hazards of the basic theory from two aspects: the identification of hazards control and analyze the hazard management, obtained from the project before and after the project, project management of hazards management model.
Analysis and Countermeasure of Traffic Accidents in a Dalians Transportation Group
Authors: Li Jin Yao
Published: January 2014

Nowadays, traffic accidents have become one of the ten major threats to human health, and reducing the damage to life and property has been the people's demands. Traffic accident analysis has its inherently regional difference. The main objectives of this paper is to conduct investigation and statistical analysis on the weather conditions, month, week, hour, road environment, the drivers age and driving-age of the accidents, based on the traffic accidents records of a Dalians transportation group from 2008 to 2012. According to the acquired statistics and countering the geographical and climatic characteristics of Dalian area, this paper put forward traffic accident prevention measures proposed for Dalian area:Timely safety education and training for the drivers, establishing enterprise safety culture and establishing and improving the safety management system of modern traffic.
Methods of Assessing Progressive Collapse-Resisting Capacity
Authors: Zhang Hao Hao , Shu Gan Ping , Zhu Zhe Da
Published: January 2014

The progressive collapse of the buildings is an extremely harmful disaster, which always leads to serious loss of life and property. It has been one of the hotspots of the civil engineering study. The progressive collapse of the buildings includes a throng of questions: material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity, contact-impact problem, so there are still many problems need to be further study, In order to get a kind of method which is feasible, dependable and efficient, to assess structural progressive collapse-resisting capacity. The research of the assessment can provide a scientific basis for structural design, reinforcing and transforming old structures.
The Analysis of Mechanical Properties for the Laminated Curved Plate Vibration Isolation Element
Authors: Huang Hui Rong , Zhu Yi Jie
Published: January 2014

In this paper, the neutral surface model of the laminated plate vibration isolation device is constructed based on the APDL parametric design language. While the contact analysis is done, the loading and solution studies are complete. Then the stress and strain graphs which change with different loads such as stress, tension, and turning force are obtained. The result shows that the stress of rubber is close to the steel plate under the turning force, but the former deformation is clear than the latter one.
Differential Transform Method for the Brooks - Corey Model
Authors: Chen Xi , Lou Jie Xiang , Dai Ying
Published: January 2014

Boltzmann variable is introduced as an intermediate variable in differential transform method (DTM), and an approximate analytical solution is presented about the Brooks-Corey model in Richards equation, which governs the problem of unsaturated flow in porous media. Compared with experimental data of Hall's mortar and finite element method (FEM), the results show highly accuracy in intermediate variable method.
The Applicable Development of Steel-Construction Process Dynamic Visual Simulation Software
Authors: Jiang Hua , Tong Liang , Gao Yang Qiuye
Published: January 2014

In this paper, steel-trussed bridging method is combined with the whole process of the construction-management project with an aim to develop a visual simulation software, whose database requires a three-dimensional model of dynamic visual simulation. This application can quickly realize the rapid construction of various types of data and retrieval data-management digitization. The software system achieves the management visualization of various types of integrated data, which are easy to use, intuitive to understand. The system is suitable for all types of steel works automation and some refinement of modern construction project management.
Establishment of Template Library for Data Graphics of Flat Steel Gate and the Application in Software
Authors: Yin Wei Bo , Sun Kai , Wei Lu Shuang
Published: January 2014

This article presents main structure of hydraulic flat steel gates, control parameters and constraint conditions in 3D Modeling and construction template library, featuring different hierarchies and levels and inclusive of graphics and associated information, for data graphics of flat steel gate. In the template library, components for template of every level are separable and assembled automatically, providing a flexible assembly and disassembly mode for a whole steel gate design. The template library can accumulate knowledge and experiences, thus greatly improving design efficiency and accuracy.
Impact of Engineering Software on Construction Project Management in Bahrain
Authors: Aqlan Samer Abdulla
Published: January 2014

The main goal of this research is to ensure the important of engineering software in the construction industry in Kingdome of Bahrain. A self-administered questionnaire was done via E mail .The research investigated the impact of engineering software toward three factors of the success project scope, cost, and time. The results show that there is positive impact when we are using engineering software on construction project management. The primavera project manager software is the major software is using in construction companies for planning and controls the project; primavera project planning p3 is the second software and the third software is MS project.
The research concluded that the engineering software positively impact on project success and increase its performance.
Interaction Analysis of Foundation Pit Excavation and Adjacent Existing Building's Pile Foundation
Authors: Xu Shan Shan , Gao Qiu Sheng
Published: January 2014

Construction site-monitoring on adjacent existing building’s pile foundation,using ANSYS finite element software to simulate the deformation of adjacent pile foundation when foundation pit excavation. Combined with measured data to analyze the interaction of foundation pit excavation and adjacent existing building’s pile foundation and draw the conclusion that the measured settleme-nt of pit’s adjacent pile is greater than the model’s theoretical value and the pit excavation has certain influence on the pile foun-dation’s vertical displacement of existing buildings.
Relative Performance of FRP-Concrete-Steel Double Skin Tubular Columns versus Solid and Hollow Concrete-Filled FRP Tubes
Authors: Louk Fanggi Butje Alfonsius , Ozbakkaloglu Togay
Published: January 2014

This paper reports on part of an ongoing experimental program at the University of Adelaide on FRP-concrete-steel composite columns. The results from twenty specimens including 12 double skin tubular columns (DSTCs), two solid concrete-filled fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tubes (CFFTs), and six CFFTs with inner voids (H-CFFTs) are presented. The specimens were manufactured using high-strength concrete (HSC) and their FRP tubes were fabricated using unidirectional S-glass fiber sheets. The results of the experimental study indicate that that H-CFFTs perform significantly worse than DSTCs and CFFTs and their performance further degrades with an increase in the diameter of inner void. Comparison of the results from DSTC and CFFT specimens indicate that both hollow and concrete-filled DSTCs exhibit improved compressive behavior compared to CFFTs.
Experimental Studies on Regressive Erosion of Piping in Double-Layer Levee Foundation
Authors: Jia Kai , Cao Hong , Luo Min Han
Published: January 2014

Seepage piping seriously threatens the safety of levee, but study on mechanism of regressive erosion is not in-depth. According to the characteristics of piping channel upstream movement, we designed a set of experiment equipment. In given experiment condition, we did the experiments with 2 kinds of overburden and 2 different position of piping channel, and measured the value of each piezometric tube. As the experiment results shows, the tip hydraulic gradient can better reflect the problems of regressive erosion, comparing with average hydraulic gradient between piping exit and outer river. The development of the regressive erosion is determined by the tip hydraulic gradient. It will stop expanding when the tip hydraulic gradient decreases after large-scale upstream movement. This paper lays a foundation for further theoretical study.
Major Characteristics of China’s Coal Mine Water Disaster Occurred in Recent Years
Authors: Li Shen Ju , Wu Qiang , Cui Fang Peng , Zeng Yi Fan , Wang Guo Rui
Published: January 2014

In China, water disaster often occurred in coal mines in recent years. According to official statistics on coal mine water accidents occurred in recent twelve years in China, major characteristics of the water disaster have been illustrated. The result shows that the number of both water accidents and corresponding fatalities decreased from 2001 to 2012. And apparently, the accidents occurred in township-owned coal mines and triggered by gob area water accounted for a higher proportion, respectively.
The Experimental Research on the Effect of Seepage Pressures on Seepage Time through Red Sandstone
Authors: Sun Qian Cheng , Zhang Zhen Hua , Li De Zhong , Du Meng Ping
Published: January 2014

The cyclic fluctuation of reservoir water level makes soft rock in bank slope under cyclic seepage pressure and will bring certain effects on permeability characteristics of the soft rock. In order to obtain the relationship between the seepage pressure and seepage time, permeability tests were conducted on red sandstone specimens (from Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China) under cyclic seepage pressures by the self-developed equipment with the function to simulate cyclic fluctuation of reservoir water level. Experimental results show that the water infiltration of the sample was not stable in first three cycles, and it changed from 0.444 mL to 0.086mL. After three cycles, the water infiltration fluctuated between 0.060mL and 0.069mL. It can be drawn that the seepage velocity increase with the raise of pressure and it fit a four times polynomial in each cycle. The study indicates that increasing the seepage pressure appropriately can improve the seepage velocity, and greatly shorten the seepage time.
Tracing Soil Erosion from Slope Using Rare Earth Elements
Authors: Zhang Lin Lin , Xia Zhen Yao , Xiao Hai , Zhang Xue Jiao
Published: January 2014

Soil erosion continues to be one of the world's biggest environmental problems. Understanding processes of rill and interrill erosion is the key to develop soil erosion prediction models that can provide a scientific basis for soil and water conservation planning. This thesis introduced REE tracing method briefly, and reviewed the application of REE trace method in s rill and interrill erosion soil erosion from slope respectively. Finally, the shortcomings in current studies and the important direction of future researches were pointed out that could provide scientific references for improving the REE tracing method and extending its application in wider research areas.
Accumulative Plastic Strain of Frozen Silt Clay under Cyclic Loading
Authors: Wang Li Na , Ling Xian Zhang , Li Qiong Lin , Wang Jing , Liu Yan Hui
Published: January 2014

To evaluate the influence factors of accumulative plastic strain of frozen silt clay, the dynamic cyclic triaxial tests with stress-controlled are conducted to investigate the behaviors of frozen soil induced by cyclic loading. The relationships between accumulative plastic strain and vibration numbers for frozen silt at different dynamic stress amplitudes under different temperature, vibration frequency and initial water content are obtained. The test results show that the accumulative plastic strains increase with rising tempeature, increasing the vibration numbers and dynamic stress amplitude. The accumulative plastic strain rate increases with increasing the vibration frequency. With increasing the initial water content, the accumulative plastic strain of frozen silt clay increases.
An ANFIS Based Model for Predicting Frost Heaving in Seasonal Frozen Regions
Authors: Xiang Yi Ming , Liu Xue Yan , Ling Gui Xiang , Du Bin
Published: January 2014

An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model has been developed to predict frost heaving in seasonal frozen regions. The structure of ANFIS is initialized by the subtractive clustering algorithm. The hybrid learning algorithm consisting of back-propagation and least-squares estimation is used to adjust parameters of ANFIS and automatically produce fuzzy rules. The data of frost heaving test obtained from a literature are used to train and check the system. The predicted results show that the proposed model outperforms the back propagation neural network (BPNN) in terms of computational speed, forecast errors, and efficiency. The ANFIS based model proves to be an effective approach to achieve both high accuracy and less computational complexity for predicting frost heaving.
Prospecting and Evaluation of Geothermal Resources in Julang Pasture Area, Lindian County
Authors: Shang Yun Hu , Liang Li Qing , Xu Peng Yuan , Zhang An Da , Shen Yang
Published: January 2014

Based on collecting the regional survey data and prospecting the study region of geothermal geology and geothermal fluid characteristics, evaluate the geothermal energy reserves and the recoverable reserves of geothermal water uses geothermal reserve method and analytical method in Julang Pasture, and evaluates the geothermal fluid quality comprehensively. The above evaluation provides a preliminary basis for sustainable development, utilization and protection of geothermal resources in that region.
Modal Parameters Identification of Civil Engineering Structures under Ambient Excitation
Authors: Pei Qiang , Li Long
Published: January 2014

Modal identification technique is an effective measure of health diagnosis, structural rehabilitation, retrofitting and strengthening or optimization design of structures and materials in structural engineering field. The modal identification theories of random decrement technique and time-series method under ambient excitation are presented in this paper. The two methods are combined to become a joint algorithm for identifying modal parameters effectively. The numerical simulations of a three-layer architecture are carried out to verify the feasibility and practicability of the joint algorithm.
Study on Load Capacity of Anchor Piles for Oil Workover Derrick
Authors: Feng Zhi Peng , Chang Yu Lian , Zou Long Qing , Fu Hai Long
Published: January 2014

the workover rig is always fixed by anchor piles in land oilfields. Good load capacity of anchor pile is the key factor to the guarantee of safe workover operation. The load capacity test of anchor pile is complete by connecting vibration test and method of mechanical impedance. The reduction coefficient must be used in calculating the anti-pulling load capacity because of difference of soil kinds. To testify the results from mechanical impedance method, the system of pulling pile directly is built. The average error of data from this system is within 5%. It can conclude that the method of mechanical impedance and vibration test can be popularized widely to load capacity of anchor pile, especially in different kinds of soil. The research can enrich the theories of uniform section pile and give the theoretical foundation to fix the anchor piles safely during workover rig operations.
Theoretical Analysis and Verification of the Single-Surface Double-Layer Cable Architectural System
Authors: Gao Jian Hua
Published: January 2014

In order to meet the needs of large span project for Vegetable expo, supporting building system consisting of prestressed single-surface Double-layer Cable was put forward. Based on the assumption analytical solution of the double-layer cable planar support structure system was given. Using ANSYS finite element software simulation analysis on the double-layer cable system was carried out, the discrete finite element solution was acquired, and by comparing the analytical solution was verified to be accurate. Finally, the construction methods and means of monitoring during construction were given, and these can provide references for design and construction of similar projects.
The State of the Art and Prospects of Excavations Engineering
Authors: Liu Hai Ming , Wang Jian Jun , Hu Jing Kui , Cao Jing
Published: January 2014

The excavations engineering, which is a traditional topic, has an epoch-marking characteristics in geotechnical engineering. With the process of urbanization, the excavations engineering is confronted with new problems. Firstly, the retaining and protection structure (RPS) which is common at present is introduced. Then, their applicable conditions and advantages and disadvantages are discussed, which can provide basis for selecting the RPS in excavations engineering. On this basis, some important problems which exist in the supporting technology are analyzed, and the developing trend is prospected for the supporting technology in excavations engineering.
Simulation Analysis of Secondary-Load Rc Square Columns Strengthened with IFRP
Authors: Hsu Liang , Hu Ming Long , Zhang Jun Zhi
Published: January 2014

Considering secondary load, simulate the axial compression process of reinforced concrete square columns strengthened with igneous rock fiber reinforced polymer with Abaqus. Make a comparison between the simulation result and experimental result. The finite-element model can simulate the experiment preferably. And the impact of lagged strain is very obvious.
Stress Analysis of the Submarine Framework Based on Inventor
Authors: Qun Wei , Li Xuan
Published: January 2014

With the development of offshore oil and gas field, subsea production system has become an important mode in the deepwater development. Underwater manifold and structural framework have played a crucial role in the underwater system. The article describes the stress analysis of submarine framework based on Inventor. And the paper studies the change of framework about stress and displacement on the normal operating condition. The method ensures that the frame structure has met the design objectives and requirements. Meanwhile, it has played a key role on the submarine structure researching and provided effectively reference for the future designing.
Internal Force System and Current Secondary Moment Concept in Prestressed Structures
Authors: Zeng Jian Yu , Su Xiao Zu
Published: January 2014

The internal forces in a prestressed concrete structure are of special nature due to the existence of tendons. And flaws can be found in the traditional concept of secondary moment such that common computation method of secondary moment may produce unreasonable results. This article aims at getting a better understanding of internal forces in prestressed structures and solving the relevant problems. Starting from the basic principles of internal force analysis, a new system of internal forces is put forward by which the relationship between the compression resultant on concrete cross-section and the sectional internal forces is made clear. On this basis, a definition on the concept of current secondary moment (Mcs) is proposed and its superiority pointed out. Finally, theoretical analyses are carried out on the method for calculating Mcs in the posttentioned continuous beams with unbonded and bonded prestressing tendons.
The Stress State in Inhomogeneous Elastic Beam at Combined Strength
Authors: Andreev Vladimir I. , Barmenkova Elena V. , Matveeva Alena V.
Published: January 2014

In paper describes a method of optimization the stress state of an elastic beam, subjected to the simultaneous action of the central application of concentrated force and bending moment. Optimization method based on solving the inverse problem of the theory of elasticity of inhomogeneous bodies, the essence of which is to determine the law of changing the modulus of elasticity on the beams height for which stress state will be given.
Coalescence of Two Cracks in Uni-Axial Compression
Authors: He Jun Lian , Li Ming Tian
Published: January 2014

Crack coalescence, which was responsible for some engineering disasters such as rock burst, and so on, was studied by one new numerical method-lattice cellular automata. A cellular automaton is made up of cell, lattice, state, neighbor and rule. It has advantages of locality, parallelization etc. Lattice cellular automata are presented which have the advantages of both cellular automata and lattice model. In this model cell will be connected with its neighbor cells in virtue of beams. The basic thoughts of LCA can be expressed as below. The heterogeneity of rock is introduced by randomly assigning the mechanical parameters of beams following Weibull distribution. According to equilibrium equations, deform equations and the constitute equations the local rules of cells can be constructed. Then lattice cellular automata were used to study the coalescence of two cracks with different geometries. The influences of arrangement and spacing of two cracks on the coalescence were studied. The numerical simulation results were in good accordance with the experimental results.
Stability Analysis of Circular Steel Tube Cable-Braced Grid Shells with Initial Imperfection
Authors: Zhang Zhi Ying , Zhao Xun , Wei Hong Yang
Published: January 2014

Cable-braced grid shell is new single-shell form that is preferable to structural characteristics of glass skylight. Due to the cross diagonal cables arranged in the grid plane, the whole structure becomes a hybrid structure with superior mechanical properties, which combines advantages of rigid structure and advantages of flexible structure. Through finite element analysis, a circular steel tube cable-braced grid shell that has a span of 50 meters and with initial imperfections, is taken as an example in the paper. Numerous effects on the stability of cable-braced grid shell, such as load distribution form, height-to-span ratio, cross-sectional area of component and prestressed cable, are taken into comparison. The main factors which have effects on the stability of cable-braced grid shell are demonstrated, as a practical research reference for the future development of cable-braced grid shell.
Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Effective Length about Single Pile
Authors: Cheng Su Zhen , Zhang Feng You , Cong Rong , Liu Li Li
Published: January 2014

In the paper, according to the definition of the effective length and criterion of the effective length of the single pile, using the numerical method to simulate the foundation of drilling hole perfusion of single pile under vertical load pile settlement and deformation of pile body, based on the way of combining the ultimate bearing capacity and settlement control of pile top, the pile efficiency coefficient of the effective pile length is determined in certain conditions, and also the effective length of single pile. Then, the more reasonable theoretical basis is provided for engineering design and construction.
Performance Analysis of Reinforced Dog-Bone Connection in Steel Frame
Authors: Li Xiao , Li Jun Peng , Li Bin
Published: January 2014

Based on the concept of strong connection and weak member, mechanical behaviors of the new reinforced dog-bone connections are compared. To new reinforced dog-bone connections, weakening flange at a certain distance away from the beam end and increasing weld area in the beam end. This improved connection can make the plastic hinge be far from the beam-column connection with stronger bearing capacity and better ductility. A nonlinear finite element analysis of the three forms of connections such as dog-bone connection, cover-plate reinforced dog-bone connection, and flange reinforced dog-bone connection conducted by ABAQUS. The results demonstrate that the energy dissipative and ductile capacity of the new reinforced dog-bone connection is strengthened effectively because of the plastic hinge forming far from the beam-column connection, and the carrying capacity of the new reinforced dog-bone connections are greater than dog-bone connection. By contrast, flange reinforced dog-bone connection is exceed to cover-plate reinforced dog-bone connection, for that the strengthened flange can resist the bending resistance better.
Experimental Research of Performance of a New Fabricated Lightweight Steel-Concrete Composite Floor
Authors: Wang Xin Tang , Shao Bing , Huang Zheng Jue
Published: January 2014

For study of mechanical property of a fabricated composite floor consisting of thin-walled steel I beams and lightweight aggregate concrete panels, the static load experiment of the new composite floor was presented and the results was discussed. The specimen was simply supported at the two shorter sides and the other two longer sides free. The equivalent uniform loads are applied to the floor through setting the load blocks on the supper surface of the floor. The vertical displacements, slips between steel beam and concrete panel and strains of the specimen were measured. It was shown that the strain at the bottom of the concrete panel is quite close to the strain at the top flange of the main beam and the strain at bottom flange of the main beam is much larger than the value at top flange.
Analysis on Shear Lag Effect of Box Girder Subject to Dynamic Load
Authors: Zhang Yun Guo , Li Ying Nan
Published: January 2014

Shear lag effect of box girders under static, transient dynamic load and harmonic dynamic load has been studied, respectively, through finite element method. Shear lag effects under different load conditions were compared and dynamic loading influence on shear lag was analyzed. The results show that the dynamic load has great influence on shear lag of thin box girder that can not be neglected. During the research, the eyesight was transfer from the conventional static load to the dynamic load to study the shear lag problem of box girder. The research conclusions will be useful for the design and construction of bridges and will enrich the design theory of box girder.
The Development and Application of 3D Monitoring Alarm Warning System in Tunnel Construction
Authors: Chen Li Hua , Liao Fu Quan , Ye Ming
Published: January 2014

Accidents in the tunnel construction happen frequently. In order to provide a safety work and monitoring environment, 3D monitoring alarm warning system in tunnel construction had been developed based on database technology, communication technology, Creator, Vega Prime and OpenGL. The system provides a variety of browse modes of 3D simulation view for construction personnel to monitor construction site. It also provides the 3D interactive operation, monitoring data entry, query and analysis, construction progress simulation and automatic alarm warning and trend prediction. The system improved the safety status analysis of visual construction site monitoring. In addition, it also improved the construction progress and provided a stable and reliable technical support for safety construction of the first phase of Xiamens airport road Tender JC2 to JC3.
Substructure Damages and Excitations Identification Using Measured Response
Authors: Zhang Qing Xia , Duan Zhong Dong , Jankowski Lukasz
Published: January 2014

This paper proposes a methodology on simultaneous identification of substructure excitation and damage. Structural damages are simulated by virtual distortions which are computed together with unknown excitations using the measured responses through the intact isolated substructure model; the damage extent and type is then recovered by a comparison of the virtual and actual distortions. Unknown factors are reduced greatly which allows the method to be applied on practical complex structure. The computational cost is cutoff sharply. A damaged nonlinearity aluminum beam is used in the experimental verification. Both load and damage are successfully identified.
Physical Based Techniques for Monitoring Corrosion in RC
Authors: Zheng Zhu Peng , Song Yu
Published: January 2014

It is imperative to develop effective techniques to monitor the condition of steel corrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) for ensuring structural serviceability and durability. In the past decade, some physical based techniques have been proposed as alternative tools for monitoring corrosion. These physical based monitoring techniques can conduct accurate condition assessment of steel corrosion through direct measurements on embedded steels. In this paper, some primary physical based monitoring techniques for condition assessment of steel corrosion in reinforced concrete in the recent years are presented and the challenges and future trends in the development of physical based monitoring techniques for condition assessment of corrosion in reinforced concrete are also put forward.
Comfortable Evaluation of Bridge-Station Combined Large Span High Speed Railway Station under Crowd Loading
Authors: Yu Yan Li , Xie Wei Ping , He Wei
Published: January 2014

Focusing on the Zhengzhou East Railway Station, which is the larges railway staton in China at present and has the characteristics of bridge-station combined structure, the fine finite element model was established by considering the influence of second dead loads. The rational crowd loading models were also determined based on the testing results. The vibration responses of waiting room floor and business floor caused by crowd loading are calculated. The vibration comfort was evaluated by the code of ATC (1999). The calculation and analysis results showed that: (1) the vibration of waiting floor and business floor under crowd get up loading is small, which can satisfy the comfort demand; (2) the vibration of waiting floor and business floor under crowd walk loading is bigger because the frequency of crowd walk loading (2Hz) is closer to the structure first natural frequency, which can satisfy the comfort demand basically and only some individual parts can not satisfy the comfort demand; (3) the vibration caused by crowd loading can not neglected for the large-span flexible structures.
Study on the Method of Particle Damping Loss Factor Experiment
Authors: Cheng Xiang Ke , Yang Qi Liang , Hu Li , Yuan Shuang , Tang Zhe
Published: January 2014

Particle damping (PD) is an emerging technology of efficient vibration control method. However, there are still limited applications in mechanical engineering due to the complexity of damping mechanism. In this paper, basing on the comprehensive studies about gravel particle damping and comparing the existing methods, the steady-state flow method is adopted as the measurement method of particle damping loss factor. Then using this method to measure the loss factor within the 500 Hz sand particle dampers, and the experimental results verify the accuracy of this test method, test results, as well as the superiority of particle damping in vibration.
Experiment on Flexural Capacity of Damaged RC Beams Strengthened with Composite CFRP
Authors: Luo Tao
Published: January 2014

In order to study the flexural capacity of the seismic damaged RC beams after reinforcement, the bearing capacity and ductility are comprehensively evaluated, which is based on the results of three points of division loading test on 8 models which are divided into 4 groups. Experimental results show that compared with the direct pasting CFRP, the ultimate bearing capacity of RC beam strengthened by composite CFRP sheets is much higher, the average is 20.7%. Cracking load and ductility are also improved higher. The reinforcement effect of CFRP sheets is used very well. The research results provide advice and reference for the next seismic damaged RC beams in the reinforcement engineering.
Influence of Slenderness on Behavior of High-Strength Concrete-Filled FRP Tubes under Axial Compression
Authors: Vincent Thomas , Ozbakkaloglu Togay
Published: January 2014

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the influence of specimen slenderness on axial compressive behavior of concrete-filled fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tubes (CFFTs). A total of 18 aramid FRP- (AFRP) confined high-strength concrete (HSC) specimens with circular cross-sections were tested. Specimens with height-to-diameter ratios of 1, 2, 3 and 5 were manufactured and tested, with all specimens maintaining a nominal diameter of 150 mm. The results indicate that specimens with an H/D of 1 exhibit significantly higher strength and strain enhancements compared to specimens with H/D ratios of 2 to 5. The influence of slenderness on specimens with H/D ratios between 2 and 5 was found to be significant in regards to axial strain enhancement, with a decrease observed as specimen slenderness increased. On the other hand, the influence of slenderness on axial strength enhancement of specimens with H/D ratios between 2 and 5 was found to be negligible.
Analysis of Application Situation of Continuous Compaction Control (CCC)
Authors: Yu Qian Mi , Liu Jian Kun , Tian Ya Hu
Published: January 2014

So far, there has been many published articles on the continuous compaction control (CCC), but each of them may only concentrate on one or a few aspects. Hence, it is necessary to systematically and thoroughly introduce the continuous compaction control technique and to analyze advantages and disadvantages of the technique and to find some beneficial solutions to improve the technique. By introducing the definition, system composition, advantages and disadvantages and direction of development, the advanced intelligent compaction (IC) developed and originated from CCC is clearly presented. Nothing is perfect; the feasible and factual improvement measures of IC are put forward. From the above, the entire development of CCC is clearly presented.
Research on Fast KCSP Algorithms for Searching Connecting Paths in Airline Networks
Authors: Li Jian Fu , Li Tie Jun
Published: January 2014

With the rapid development of the civil aviation industry in the world, airline networks become increasingly complex and large, which provide more choices for passengers. To search in airline networks for better connecting paths, it is very time-consuming by existing generalKConstrained Shortest Paths (KCSP) algorithms. According to that the acceptable transfer times is generally not more than 3, combined with the structure characteristics of the Yen algorithm, a fast algorithm named as KCSP_Yen is proposed for searching connecting paths in airline networks. At the same time, based on the bounded breadth-first search and A* search, two fast KCSP algorithms are proposed. Finally, the three algorithms are test through experiments on the world airline network.
LOSS Evaluation for Continuous Downgrades Segments Based on Accident Frequency Prediction
Authors: Sun Yi Xuan , Shao Chun Fu , Meng Meng , Ouyang Song Shou
Published: January 2014

In order to evaluate traffic safety performance of continuous downgrades segment more accurately and quantitatively, a new safety evaluation method namely level of safety service (LOSS) is introduced. Based on the current traffic safety situation in China, the LOSS definition and classification method are studied systematically. In this paper, LOSS is built as a 5 levels framework and the graded threshold values are derived from accident frequency prediction models. The empirical research dataset includes 322 accidents data on a 15.27km continuous downgrades segment. The dataset is grouped into 16 fixed longitudinal grade sections to highlight the geometrical characteristics. Negative binomial model is best fitted among four candidate models, while the parameter estimation result indicates that geometrical factors, oversize vehicles mixed rate and average speed have significant positive effect on accident frequency. The overall LOSS of sample segment locates into the Level 3 interval, which means less safety performance than expected. As an extended application, LOSS specific to each fixed longitudinal grade section is analyzed.
Reach on Value of Crash Reduction Factor (CRF) in Safeguard Technology of Mountainous Rural Highway
Authors: Zhou Guang Xin , Chen Xiao Wu , Xiang Qiao Jun
Published: January 2014

Crash Reduction Factor (CRF) is an important indicator for Economy Analysis of Safeguard Technology. This paper introduces the concept of CRF, and pointed out the limitations of its application. Meanwhile, it is necessary to adopt a variety of safeguard measures for multiple accident potential on a secton of highway in domestic mountainous rural road. Therefore, this paper presents the concept of general CRF. Then, multiple-event probability formula is proposed to calculate the generalized CRF for the feature of CRF. Finally. At last, discussed the work we needed to do if CRF was to be introduced into China.
A Study of Loop Detectors Based on Vehicular Trajectories
Authors: Yang Han
Published: January 2014

Vehicular trajectories are firstly achieved on the basis of vehicle time and space information obtained from VISSIM simulation. Via simulating setting loop detectors at different locations and collecting traffic data in different time intervals, different traffic flow fundamental diagrams on the basis of the detect data are then generated. Finally, comparing these fundamental diagrams, two conclusions are achieved. The loop detective interval has a significant impact on fundamental diagrams while the detector location has an extremely limited influence. Particularly, fundamental diagram is more aggregated with longer data collecting interval and capacity is more easily to be obtained with longer distance between neighboring loop detectors.
Empirical Analysis on Time to Collision at Urban Expressway
Authors: Xu Cheng , Qu Zhao Wei
Published: January 2014

Traffic safety is of great significance, especially at urban expressway where traffic volume is large and traffic conflicts are highlighted. But little research up to date has discussed in detail how these factors impact the TTC characteristics. In this paper, field Beijing expressway data were collected by video with different locations, lanes, traffic conditions and following vehicle types. Accordingly, some basic descriptive statistics of total TTC samples were shown and analyzed. We then used T-test to analyze the effect of road environments, traffic conditions, and vehicle types on TTC statistically. The results implied three main findings. Firstly, TTC was found to change according to road environments (i.e. TTC on weaving segment is smaller than other locations), secondly, some evidence supported this hypothesis that traffic conditions (especially uncongested traffic condition) affect TTC significantly, and lastly, little correlation was found between TTC means and vehicle types.
The Analysis and Research of Traffic Accident Velocity Based on C#
Authors: Lin Li , Lv Ting Ting
Published: January 2014

In the process of the traffic accidents confirmation, the identification of vehicle speed when accident occurred is often an important basis for accident confirmation. The paper firstly discusses the models of mechanics and solving method for the vehicle front face, rear end, sides face ,slanted side collision based on the theory of collision mechanics ,it describes how to identify the vehicle rate and collision angle based on the model simplification, the theoretical analysis for dealing with the complicated accidents. The common and formulas are studied based on the classical collision mechanics method. The application range, parameters involved in selection and influence of the formulas are analyzed in detail. Finally the program based on C# is developed according to the identified calculation process for vehicle speed of traffic accident. The vehicle speed is obtained by selecting the collision type, entering the relevant accident pattern, inputting the parameters and clicking the command button .The application can store, modify and display results conveniently , improve efficiency on vehicle speed identification effectively and reduce the processing cycle of traffic accident availably.
Research on the Feasibility of the Promotion of Carpool in Yichang
Authors: Peng Jun , Lan Xing
Published: January 2014

In 2011, with the rate of urbanization beyond 50%, china has comprehensively stepped into a period of fast-speed urbanization. Yichang, the World hydroelectric capital, is dreaming about the new target of being a megacity, while realizing the goal of being a big city now. With the sharp increased urban population, Yichang will face enormous pressure caused by transportation and environment in the future. Aimed at studying the feasibility of carpool in Yichang, the research group - " Green Ribbon " conducted a research to receive feedback after the practice was performed, the aim of the research is providing reference to the promotion of the carpool in Yichang, advocating low-carbon travel, propagating positive energy.
Passenger Waiting Time and Behavioral Adaption to Suburban Bus Timetable
Authors: Zhang Min Jie , Chen Chuan , Han Meng Xun
Published: January 2014

Timetable-independent and timetable-dependent passengers relative waiting time were calculated based on data collected at nine stations of three bus lines in Jiangqiao area of Shanghai. Travel purpose and ride frequency should have an important influence on behavioral adaption to published timetable of suburban bus lines. Timetable-independent and timetable-dependent passengers arrival rates both fitted Johnson SB distribution well with a K-S test. The left skewed distributions suggested a large share of passengers, especially commuters who had great dependence on timetable, do schedules to reduce their waiting time due to long headways. Passengers of bus line without timetable appeared to arrange arrivals near the scheduled departure times according to past experience.
Construction and Application of 3D Traffic Environment Build Platform Based on UC-Win/Road
Authors: Deng Han , Zheng Chang Qing , Shao Chun Fu , Li Yun Han
Published: January 2014

A 3D traffic environment build platform based on UC-win/Road is developed by discussing the advantages, functional integration of software in the platform, and the construction procedures of 3D environment. The procedures includes determining overall dimensions and textures of the models by close-up photography and remote sensing images, drawing traffic signs and road markings by CorelDRAW, making model maps by Photoshop, modifying models by 3Dmax and 3D Model Conversion Tool, adding models through three approaches in UC-win/Road: configuration of models, construction of road appendages, editing road section. In this paper, the construction procedure of buildings and road signs and the 3 views building method of terrain patch are concluded, and the example of reconstructing the traffic environment of from the Tianningsi Bridge to Fuxingmen Bridge in Beijing is given to demonstrate the reliability and availability of the platform in China.
Effects of Framed Embankment for High-Grade Expressway in Permafrost Regions
Authors: Pei Wan Sheng , Lai Yuan Ming , Zhang Ming Yi , Yu Wen Bing , Li Shuang Yang , Chen Wu
Published: January 2014

Construction of high-grade highways is an important action to meet the requirement of communication and transportation in permafrost regions. Frame embankment is proposed to reduce the scale effects caused by wide pavement. Numerical simulation method is employed to analyze the improvement of frame embankment for thermal stability of roadbed, with the consideration of global warming. Compared the response of permafrost at symmetric position of each embankment to construction, the consistency degree of response is taken as decision fundament. Two indexes are selected, that is, the difference of permafrost table between the embankment and that at natural side, and the change of mean annual geothermal under the embankment. Additionally, the convenient for construction and wind-blown sand hazard are considered to determine reasonable frame space. So, numerical simulation of flow field of wind around embankments is carried out. It is concluded that the minimum space between two embankment is 6 m. The aim of this study is to provide scientific guidelines on construction of major permafrost engineering in the future.
Characteristic Analysis of Dynamic Modulus for High Modulus Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Zou Xiao Long , Sha Ai Min , Jiang Wei , Huang Xin Yan
Published: January 2014

In order to analyze the characteristics of high modulus asphalt mixture dynamic modulus, Universal Testing Machine (UTM-25) was used for dynamic modulus test of three kinds of mixtures, which were PR Module modified asphalt mixture and PR PLAST.S modified asphalt mixture and virgin asphalt mixture, to investigate dynamic modulus and phase angle at different temperatures and frequencies. The results indicate that: the dynamic modulus order of the three asphalt mixtures is PR MODULE > PR PLAST.S > Virgin. PR MODULE asphalt mixture dynamic modulus is much larger than the other two.
Pavement Roughness Indices Related to Riding Comfort
Authors: Zhang Zong Tao , Zhao Quan Man , Yang Wan Qiao
Published: January 2014

The most widely used pavement roughness index is the international roughness index (IRI), but it is a poor predictor of ride comfort. In addition, the rider has not yet been included in the vehicle model used to evaluate pavement roughness. In this paper, in order to evaluate the comfort of the rider directly and consider the effects on ride comfort of pitch movement, a five-degree-freedom vibration model was built when a rider was added to a pitch-plane vehicle model. The vertical weighted root-mean-square (RMS) acceleration of the rider was suggested to be pavement roughness indices, which were related to ride comfort, respectively. The new roughness indices were calculated and a new pavement roughness evaluation method was developed.