bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative qualitative and phytochemical composition and inhibitory potential of ethanolic seed extract of buchholzia coriacea (wonderful kola) on selected pathogens
Authors:   Department of Biology/Microbiology, Federal Polytechnic, Idah. Kogi State. Nigeria, Egbunu Z. K. ,   Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: April 2024

The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and the attendant effects on medical health has aggravated attention on traditional herbs as alternative remedy to conventional antibiotics in use. In this study, the comparative qualitative phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extract of Buchholzia coriacea seed on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi was evaluated using standard methods for phytochemical screening and agar well diffusion method. The findings revealed that the ethanolic extract of B. coriacea seed had higher yield (6.90%) of the extract compared to the aqueous and methanolic extracts. The extracts revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, anthraquinone, terpenoids, steroids and glycosides. The ethanolic extracts showed significant dose dependent susceptibility among the solvents at varying concentrations (400 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml 100 mg/ml) against Staph aureus, S. typhi and E. coli ranging from 10.00mm to 18.00mm but less potent compared to the antibiotic control. The organisms studied were susceptible to the seed extracts, however, least antibacterial activity was observed with the aqueous extract of B. coriacea against S. typhi (12 mm) at 400mg/ml. This study suggests that these plant extracts which proved to be potentially effective against these organisms can be used as natural alternative preventives to control infections caused by these agents. However, further analysis of its biosafety and toxicity is needed to ascertain usage.
Autonomic computing: Prospect and challenges
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Ugwu K.
Published: April 2024

The rapid growth of technology and increasing demand for computing services have created a complex and challenging environment for information and technology (IT) professionals. The complexity of modern computer systems has made it difficult for IT specialists to manage and maintain these systems effectively. As a result, there is a need for a new approach that can help IT professionals manage their complex systems better. Autonomic computing is a new approach that aims to develop and manage complex computer systems that can manage itself, autonomously. Autonomic computing is an advanced approach to computing that allows computer systems to learn, adapt, and manage itself without human intervention. It is based on the principles of self-management, self-optimization, self-configuration, self-protection and self-healing. With autonomic computing, computer systems can detect problems and take corrective actions automatically without requiring human intervention. This technology offers many advantages for organizations, including reduced downtime, improved system performance, increased reliability and better resource utilization. The aim of this research is to discuss the concept of autonomic computing, its architectural components, benefits, and limitations.
Unveiling sustainable architecture: Challenges, prospects, and collaborative solutions in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental Studies, The Federal Polytechnic, ldah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Shaibu O. M.
Published: April 2024

This study delves into the challenges and potential of sustainable architecture in Nigeria, focusing on assessing awareness, knowledge, and utilization levels. The research reviews existing literature on sustainable architecture in the country and employs a survey methodology. A structured open-ended questionnaire was designed and distributed among educational institutions, explicitly targeting the School of Environmental Studies, resulting in a 90% response rate. Employing a systematic approach, the study aims to uncover valuable insights and interpretations. It seeks to identify critical barriers hindering the adoption of sustainable architecture, assess the role of regulations and standards in driving its promotion, and explore opportunities for collaborative efforts among architects, builders, and stakeholders in advancing sustainable architecture in Nigeria. The study's findings hold promise in shedding light on challenges and potential remedies for promoting sustainable architecture within Nigeria. By addressing these barriers and deploying strategic solutions, Nigeria can progress towards a more sustainable built environment. Furthermore, this research contributes to the global discourse on sustainable architecture by presenting a compelling case study of its implementation within a developing nation. Through its comprehensive approach, this study offers valuable insights and practical recommendations to enhance sustainable architectural practices in Nigeria and beyond.
Unveiling a decade of urban evolution: Analyzing land use changes in Idah (2001-2010) using GIS and remote sensing
Authors:   Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, School of Environmental Studies, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Sani O. S.
Published: April 2024

The urban landscape of Idah Local Government Area (LGA) witnessed significant land use and land cover (LULC) changes from 2001 to 2010. Employing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing techniques, this research scrutinized alterations shaping the physical terrain. The study utilized Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data from 2001 and Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data from 2010, facilitating a comprehensive temporal analysis. A pivotal aspect of the research entailed deploying a robust maximum likelihood classifier for supervised classification, precisely categorizing images into distinct LULC classes. This process was fortified by overlay analysis, judiciously applied to gauge alterations within the defined timeframe. The findings from analysis paint a distinct depiction. The built-up area asserts its prominence, engulfing a significant 92.383% of the examined region. In sharp contrast, vegetation claims a mere 0.933% within the same bounds. An unequivocal transformation is evidenced through the conversion from forested expanses to built-up zones, spanning an expansive 23,733.9 square kilometers. Concurrently, a 1.8 square kilometers reduction in forest coverage and an 85.5 square kilometers decrease in vegetation are observed. Remarkably, the shift from forests to vegetation records a noteworthy increase of 11,095.2 square kilometers. Additionally, water bodies expand by 751.5 square kilometers near urban and river sectors. These alterations are attributed to urbanization, reflecting escalating population growth, diverse functional activities, and the burgeoning demand for residential housing. This study underscores the gradual encroachment of urbanization onto minor land uses. Researchers and stakeholders are advised to engage in continuous land use change assessments, offering insights into urban-induced LULC changes. This proactive approach facilitates informed decisions and effective urban planning, aligning development with environmental and societal priorities. The significance lies in fostering a harmonious and sustainable urban landscape.
Talent attraction, talent retention, employees’ commitment and job performance of public primary schools teachers in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Business Administration and Management, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Aliyu M. K.
Published: April 2024

Effectiveness of any educational system is largely dependent on the performance of its teachers. The performance of teachers in Nigerian public primary schools has been called to question. However, several factors contribute to the low performance of teachers, Such as, talent attraction, talent retention and employee’ commitment. Consequently this the study aims to explore the relationship between talent attraction, talent retention, employees’ commitment and teachers’ job performance in public primary schools located in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Cross sectional research designs and simple random sampling techniques were utilized. 407 copies of questionnaire were administered to teachers in public primary schools in Zaria but only 388 were returned. Data collected were analysed using Partial Least Square –Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). Findings revealed that talent attraction, talent retention and employees’ commitment have positive relationships with teachers’ job performance. This study therefore concluded that talent attraction, talent retention and employees’ commitment contribute significantly to teachers’ job performance.
Mediating effect of employees' commitment on talent retention and academic staff performance in state-owned tertiary institutions
Authors:   Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Aliyu M. K. , Egu M. E. ,   Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Ikpeazu P. C. ,   Department of Business Administration and Management, Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria
Published: April 2024

The success of any organization hinges on the performance of its employees. Consequently, the underperformance of academic staff in state-owned tertiary institutions in Kogi State, Nigeria, has raised significant concerns due to its adverse impact on institutional performance. Drawing upon the Social Exchange Theory (SET) and a comprehensive literature review, it is hypothesized that employees’ commitment serves as a potential mediator between talent retention and employee performance. However, extant literature lacks sufficient exploration of the mediating role of employees’ commitment in the connection between talent retention and employee performance. Addressing this knowledge gap, this study investigates the mediating effect of employees’ commitment on the relationship between talent retention and the performance of academic staff in state-owned tertiary institutions within Kogi State, Nigeria. Employing a proportionate stratified sampling technique, 485 questionnaires were distributed, and subsequent analysis focused on 408 collected responses using PLS-SEM path modeling with the aid of the SMARTPLS2 statistical software package. Our findings affirm that there exists a significant positive relationship between talent retention and the performance of academic staff in the sampled tertiary institutions. Furthermore, statistical analysis confirms that employees’ commitment mediates the relationship between talent retention and academic staff performance in these institutions. Therefore, the study suggests that managerial efforts within Kogi State’s tertiary institutions should prioritize the proper retention of talented employees.
Analysis of the relationship between organisational culture and innovation in Nigerian quantity surveying firms
Authors:   Department of Quantity Surveying, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Haruna A. F.
Published: April 2024

Quantity Surveying firms in contemporary times have evolved into structurally standard organizations where there is the understanding of organizational culture as an essential management philosophy that drives innovation. This paper seeks to analyze specifically, the relationship between organizational culture and innovation in Quantity Surveying firms. Eighty one (81) completed questionnaires retrieved were used for this analysis. The paper revealed that Quantity Surveying firms exhibited multiple types of innovation such as service innovation, process innovation, organizational innovation, market innovation and resource innovation. It further revealed that quantity surveying firms exhibited multiple types of organizational culture such as competitive culture, social responsibility culture supportiveness' culture, innovation culture, emphasis etc. It therefore concluded that organizational culture has a significant relationship with innovation in quantity surveying firms. The findings implied that there were need for the management of Quantity Surveying firms to embrace organizational culture as a strategy for improving innovation practice and there is also the need for the management of Quantity Surveying firms to embrace innovation as a strategy for improving organizational culture.
Environmental cost and financial performance of listed oil and gas companies in Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Accountancy, Alvan Ikoku Federal University of Education, Owerri,  Imo State, Nigeria, Okereke L. C. , Okoroafor S. N. ,   Department of Accountancy, Alvan Ikoku Federal University of Education, Owerri,  Imo State, Nigeria, Anyanwu H. C. ,   Department of Accountancy, Alvan Ikoku Federal University of Education, Owerri,  Imo State, Nigeria, Chima A. N. ,   Department of Accountancy, Alvan Ikoku Federal University of Education, Owerri,  Imo State, Nigeria
Published: April 2024

This study is aimed at investigating the relationship between Environmental Cost and Environmental Performance of Oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The study employed historical data design. Census Sampling Techniques was used in studying the entire population. Multiple regressive with the help of ordinary least square was used. Findings revealed that the amount spent on waste management and remediation has a negative and insignificant relationship with both growth in sales volume and return on assets. It was, however, recommended that oil and gas companies should continue to manage their waste, and include community development in their decision making. It is in line with global best practices to keep them socially accepted as these will ensure a symbiotic relationship among various stakeholders or their host communities.
Design and development of text-to-speech enabled electronic voting machine
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Idah,  Kogi State, Nigeria, Negedu P.
Published: April 2024

Electronic voting machine has received tremendous researches in recent times with improvement in its capabilities. However, most electronic voting machine has limitation in terms of the number of parties it can accommodate and unfriendly to visually impaired persons. This paper incorporates text-to-speech functionality into the electronic voting so as to provide user friendliness to visually impaired persons and also for election announcement. The major components used to achieve this aim are: Arduino Mega 2560, SM630 fingerprint scanner, RFID scanner and keypad matrix. This present electronic voting machine which meets the key requirements for convenience, transparency, flexibility, accuracy, eligibility, uniqueness, auditability, confidence and privacy.
Effect of palm fibre on compressed cement-stabilized earth blocks
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Onugba M. A. , Ogbaje D. J. ,   Department of Architectural Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Atonu Y. A. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Uche B. C. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Adeniyi D. A. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria
Published: April 2024

The growing global population and the need for environmental sustainability has necessitated continuous research efforts on the suitability of the use of agricultural and industrial waste materials in building construction. This research investigated the effect of palm fibre on the density and compressive strength of compressed cement-stabilized earth blocks. Cement was used to stabilize lateritic soil at 10% by weight of laterite while palm fibre was varied from 0%-1.5% by weight of laterite in the mix. The blocks produced were cured for 28 days after which their densities and compressive strengths were evaluated. It was observed that the addition of palm fibre to the matrix led to a reduction in the density and compressive strength of the blocks produced. However, the average compressive strength of the blocks met the requirements for lateritic blocks as specified by the Nigeria Building and Road Research Institute. An optimum of 0.5% palm fibre with 10% cement is recommended for the production of load-bearing compressed stabilized earth blocks.
Integrating emerging technologies for improving office technology and management curriculum in the 21st century
Authors:   Department of Office Technology and Management, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah,  Kogi State, Nigeria, Ezeahurukwe N. L.
Published: April 2024

Technology keeps evolving as a result of upsurge of new knowledge and technological advancement in the workplace and classroom. For teachers of Office Technology and Management (OTM) to remain relevant in the 21st century classroom, there is an urgent need for further training on modern pedagogical approach to be at par with the realities of the day. This paper is an opinion paper which sought to identify emerging technology for improving Office Technology Management curriculum in the 21st century. From the literature reviewed, the emerging technology for improving Office Technology and Management in the 21st century include; ubiquitous computing, Collaboration Technologies, extended reality technologies, artificial intelligence among others. From the literature reviewed, the researcher recommended that training institutions should be adequately funded by government to enable them procure the necessary machines and equipment to aid teaching and learning, training institutions should from time to time, organize workshops and symposia to enable OTM trainers get acquainted with technological realities of the 21st century and remain relevant in today’s classroom, International organizations such as UNESCO can partner with training institutions and aid in equipping their computer laboratories and workshops among others.
Automated hospital management system: A study of Kogi State Specialist Hospital, Idah
Authors:   Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Abuh A. , Opaluwa M. U. ,   Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Abdullahi R. I. ,   Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria
Published: April 2024

Automatic Hospital Management System (AHMS) is health care service software which is built to digitalize the various services rendered by a hospital. In this paper, the Kogi State Specialist Hospital, Idah, is used as the case study for the hospital management system. The software functions are divided into three modules: administrative, medical and security modules. The aim of the AHMS is to save, retrieve, update and control the numerous activities that play out in the hospital on a daily basis. It is a web application which runs on the App Platform of Digital Ocean server, and built based on the agile software methodology. It is made of frontend, middleware and backend. Various programming languages were employed in the implementation of this work. Data transmission on the system is secured by a Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) token for each stream of data. Demonstrations carried out with the system showed high efficiency.
Ambient intelligence: Technologies and applications
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Ugwu K. , Omeje P. K. ,   Directorate of Information and Communication Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Idah,  Kogi State, Nigeria, Ayuba B. ,   Department of Computer Science, Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Ajah O. ,   Department of Computer Science, Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria
Published: April 2024

Ambient intelligence (AmI) is an emerging discipline that brings intelligence to our everyday environments and makes those environments sensitive to us. Ambient intelligence (AmI) research builds upon advances in sensors and sensor networks, pervasive computing, and artificial intelligence (AI). It is because these contributing fields have experienced tremendous growth in the last few years, ambient intelligence (AmI) research has strengthened and expanded. It is because ambient intelligence (AmI) research is maturing, the resulting technologies promise to revolutionize daily human life by making people’s surroundings flexible and adaptive. However, Ambient Intelligent (AmI) services may assist us both reactively (through user-initiated requests) and proactively (with AI-initiated help). In other words, Ambient Intelligence (AmI) does not ask the user what they require, but rather has the power to make judgments and take action based on user context. Smart Homes is one example of such systems but the idea can also be used in relation to hospitals, public transport, factories and other environments. The achievement of Ambient Intelligence (AmI) largely depends on the technology deployed (sensors and devices interconnected through networks) as well as on the intelligence of the software used for decision-making. The aim of this research work is to discuss the concept of ambient intelligent (AmI), applications, its architectural components, and benefits. This research may also highlight challenges and opportunities that Ambient Intelligence (AmI) researchers will face in the coming years.
Global climate change: Issues and mitigation strategies
Authors:   Department of Geology, Benue State Polytechnic, Ugbokolo, Benue State, Nigeria, Oogwu J. , Ameh J. E. ,   Department of Surveying & Geoinformatics, Benue State Polytechnic, Ugbokolo, Benue State, Nigeria, Danladi E. ,   Department Civil Engineering, Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria
Published: April 2024

Climate change is a term that refers to long-term changes in environment, including average temperature and precipitation. Scientists have predicted that the mean global temperature will rise in the coming years due to a number of forces affecting the climate. This poses threat to places, species and to human race and our environment. About 35% of all Greenhouse Gases (GHG), released into the atmosphere is due to anthropogenic activities; all have the potential to contribute to Climate change. These hazards have caused set back in agricultural practices and loss of homes; due to sand dunes, water sources for domestic use, animal husbandry and irrigation to the inhabitants of the areas. As climate changes, marine communities, humans and wild animals face new challenges for survival. In the subtropics, cool dry air sinks, forming high-pressure regions; as the air sinks, it compresses, causing its temperature to rise. Temperatures are projected to continue to rise over this century by 2-3 oF or more than 11oC; the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) will rise, and both will influence water resources. The effect(s) is devastating. It is time for humanity to make peace with nature and work towards low carbon emission, prevent excessive desert encroachment, and observes the relationship between man and the environment; to enable the re-design and restructure to benefit for both sides in the near future.
An evaluation of the challenges and the effectiveness of effective local government administration in Nigeria: The way forward
Authors:   Department of Office Technology Management, School of Business Studies, Kogi State Polytechnic Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria, Obera V. A. , Anucha E. N. ,   Department of Public Administration, School of Business Studies, Dorben Polytechnic Garam, Niger State, Nigeria, Chidi U. ,   Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State Nigeria
Published: April 2024

Local government was created to provide certain statutory services that may be local in nature; it is believed that it is the level most suitable for that because of its proximity to the grassroots. But since Nigeria’s Fourth Republic, discharging their responsibilities effectively have been a big challenge to the local governments. This paper, therefore, seeks to evaluate the challenges that have been preventing the local government from achieving its responsibilities effectively and proffer solutions. To achieve this, the researcher adopted Content Analysis as its methodology where it reviewed the works of other researchers and writers and arrived at a conclusion based on their views and opinions. The research work concluded that most of the challenges being experienced at the local government level in Nigeria is as a result of the contradictions and ambiguities in the hastily compiled 1999 Constitution by the retreating military government of Gen. Abdulsalami Abubakar. Some of the recommendations include the need to review the sections of the 1999 Constitution that dealt with local government in order to guarantee autonomy to that tier of government. Again, there is the need to abolish the State Joint Local Government Accounts as state governors have been diverting funds meant for development at the local government to other areas. Local government service should be made attractive like the federal and state service to attract qualitative manpower that will engender effectiveness and socio-economic development at that tier of government.
Quality evaluation of packaged drinking water sold in Idah, Kogi State
Authors:   Department of Food Science and Technology, The Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Enete A. N. , Muritala A. ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, The Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria
Published: April 2024

The physicochemical properties of sachet and bottled water sold in Idah metropolis was evaluated. A total of fifty (50) water samples which consist of samples of 7 different brands of 5 sachet water each and 3 different brands of 5 bottled water each were purchased at the different locations within Idah town. They were aseptically collected and transported to the laboratory for analysis. The pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness as well as alkalinity were all analysed to evaluate the quality of sachet and bottled water sold in Idah town. The pH of this study obtained for bottled water ranged from 6.67 – 6.95; while that of sachet water ranged from 6.54 – 6.95. The conductivity of the bottled water ranged from 3.64 – 154.70 μs/cm, while that of sachet water ranged from 11.72 – 178 25 μs/cm. The total dissolved solid for bottled water ranged from 2.33 – 101.56 mg/l, while that of sachet water ranged from 7.50 – 114.08 mg/l. The total hardness for the bottled water in this study ranged from 49.35 – 69.50 mg/l, while that of sachet water ranged from 48.45 – 74.25 mg/l. the alkalinity of the bottled water ranged from 18.30 – 19.35 mg/l, while that of sachet water ranged from 7.25 – 18.16 mg/l. All the physiochemical parameters fell within the standard set by WHO/NIS. The packaged drinking water sold in Idah were of high quality.
Assessment of leadership performance on service delivery in Ilorin East Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Liberal Studies, Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, Yahaya A. S.
Published: April 2024

The study examined the leadership performance on service delivery in Ilorin East local government. The paper adopted behavioural theory championed by Watson. The survey research method. 300 respondents were sampled using purposive and simple random sampling techniques and total numbers of 292 questionnaires were retrieved. The questionnaire was analyzed using the SPSS Version 20. The questionnaires were analyzed using simple percentage. Findings from the study showed that the majority of the respondents (46.2%) disagreed that Ilorin East Local Government is allowed to exercise her discretion and undertake competitive personnel administration and revealed that majority (83.2%) of the respondents agreed that the financial autonomy of Ilorin east local government is being severely intervened in by the state government through the instrumentation of the State Joint Local Government Account. Finding also revealed that the majority of the respondents (61.3%) disagreed that there is no provision for rural water supply and extension of urban water supply by the local government authority and that the majority of the respondents (63%) disagreed that there are standard primary schools in Ilorin east local government. The paper recommended that high degree of autonomy should be enshrined in Nigerian Constitution for Local Governments, there should be attitudinal change among those who operate the institutions of government at both the state and local government levels and the National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies should be more proactive to equip Local Government functionaries with requisite training that would ultimately reflect in the formulation and implementation of government policies and programmes in Ilorin East local Government in particular and Nigeria in General.
Shapes of the exponentiated power Lindley-logarithmic distribution for varying parameter values
Authors:   Department of Statistics, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Abuh M.
Published: April 2024

This article studies the shape of a distribution called the Exponentiated Power Lindley-Logarithmic Distribution. This distribution modeled a real life data with complementary risk problem. Different parameter values were used to plot the probability and cumulative density functions of this distribution using R-program. The results show the shape Exponentiated Power Lindley-Logarithmic Distribution is unimodal, increases and decreases at various values of the parameters.
Assessment and sustainability in students’ use of library facilities in Federal Polytechnics, Idah, Nigeria
Authors:   Central Library, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Sani O. B.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the students’ use of library facilities in Federal Polytechnic Idah, from three dimensions which are: library information resources, services and facilities that are available for use in The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, whether the users are satisfied with the quality of library service delivery or not. The study adopted survey research design. Four research objectives were formulated to guide this study. The study involved 66 participants out of which 60 were students in different years of study, while 6 were library staff of The Federal Polytechnic, Idah. Closed-ended questionnaires were administered to the students, while structured face-to-face interviews were used to collect information from the library workers. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive analysis through the use of simple frequency and percentages. From the findings of the study, it was concluded that the general perception of students towards the use of facilities, resources and services are highly satisfactory. However, it is recommended that the library management should keep on maintaining the high level of user satisfaction by improving on providing current and relevant information resources, modern facilities and befitting services towards users’ sustainability to meet their needs and expectations. In addition, in order to sustain users’ high level of satisfaction, there is a need to address all the problems identified by the students.
Geospatial distribution and environmental health risks of filling stations in Idah and neighborhood: A geographical information system approach
Authors:   Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Sule Z. O.
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the geospatial distribution of filling stations and assesses their relative distances from one another, proximity to residential houses and public institutions, and the associated environmental health risks in Idah township using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The importance of land use/land cover information for planning and management activities at various levels underscores the need for GIS tools. The research design adopted survey methods, incorporating direct observation and measurements. Google Earth imagery provided an overview of the study area, while the Global Positioning System (GPS) instrument captured the coordinates of filling stations. The QGIS 3.22 software was utilized for plotting and map production. The study's findings revealed that filling stations tend to cluster along major roads and are often situated in close proximity to residential buildings, suggesting a potential impact on citizens' lives. The integration of spatial and attribute data through GIS facilitated better visualization and decision-making processes, enabling faster and more accurate conclusions. By creating a comprehensive database, valuable information can be derived to safeguard human health and well-being.
Development of English-to-Igala machine translation system using neural machine translation with attention mechanism
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Sani F. A.
Published: April 2024

Translation is a matter of absolute necessity in the globally united and yet; linguistically and culturally separated world in which we live. Translation allows individuals who speak different languages to communicate and understand one another. The obvious limitations in human translation in terms of speed, scalability and high cost gave birth to the quest for alternative means of translation which is machine translation. Machine translation involves the use of computers to translate from one natural language (source) to another natural language (target). Machine translation applications can be developed using rule-based, example- based and statistical-based technologies. Machine translation applications have been developed to translate English language text to Igala language text using rule-based and example-based approaches. Recently, Neural Machine Translation (NMT) emerged as a new paradigm that swiftly superseded other methods of machine translation evolved with the development of deep learning. This study is aimed at developing a system that can translate contents rendered in English language to Igala language using the Neural Machine Translation with attention mechanism approach. The Neural Machine Translation model for English-to-Igala translation was built with encoder-decoder architecture with an attention layer. The model was trained with a dataset using English-Igala parallel corpus that contains 50,000 parallel sentences. The dataset was partitioned into training, validation and test set in the ratio of 80/20 percent. The model was implemented using python programming language. After training, validation and testing, the output of the model was tested on a corpus of 276 selected English texts using the Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) method for evaluating Machine Translation system. An accuracy of 71.0% was obtained. The adoption of this model will play crucial role in facilitating everyday interaction, information exchange and active participation in society among Igala people. It will give Igala people access to information in Igala language that will enhance their standard of living as it will enable them to participate in abundant business opportunities available in the online community, and ensure proper integration in the emerging information society.
Biolubricants as an industrial sustainable product: source, emissions impact, physiochemical and tribological properties—An overview
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia, Ali A. I. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State, Nigeria, Mohd Kameil H. ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia, Bin Abas M. A. ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia, Bin Paiman Z. ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia, Opia A. C. ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia,   Department of Marine Engineering, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Published: April 2024

Bio lubricants are known for their biodegradable and non-toxic to humans and the environment. In contrast to mineral oils, bio-lubricant usage is still quite limited despite this trend in research and innovation. The development in demand for eco-friendly lubricants is linked to the evolution of environmental regulation, which is growing more stringent to limit improper disposal's environmental impact. Bio lubricants are classified as synthetic or natural oils based on their chemical composition. Natural oils of animal or vegetable origin are rarely considered due to their unstable propensity at high pressures and temperatures. This work gives an overview of the green potential of bio-lubricants, sources, emission impact, and physiochemical and tribological properties. Lignocellulosic biomass has a substantial ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and global warming through the use of biofuel products. The various bio-lubricants from vegetable oils and other biomaterials are obtained from different routes, primarily through yielding branched-chain or straight monoesters, polyol esters, triesters, or diesters. One or more reactions may be accompanied or preceded by the conversion of triglycerides to esters to boost reactions like hydrogenation and epoxidation.
Penerapan Metode Jigsaw Dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Cerpen Pada Siswa Kelas XI SMAN 1 Pabedilan Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Naomi Aryati  , Irfan Efendi  , Muhammad Sholeh
Published: April 2024

Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui hasil penerapan metode jigsaw dalam pembelajaran menulis cerpen pada siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Pabedilan Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024; 2) mengetahui keefektifan pembelajaran menulis cerpen dengan menerapkan metode jigsaw pada siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Pabedilan Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024; dan 3) mengetahui aktivitas pembelajaran menulis cerpen dengan menerapkan metode jigsaw pada siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Pabedilan Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan jenis desain nonequivalen control group design. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan jumlah 35 siswa dan XI IPS 3 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah 35 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes menulis teks cerpen selain itu digunakan juga teknik berupa observasi dengan tujuan mengamati aktivitas guru dan siswa, data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui tes tulis dan lembar observasi. Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan statistik dengan menggunakan uji t dua independen (independen simple t test), diperoleh thitung sebesar 10,673 dan ttabel sebesar 1,668. Jadi thitung (10,673) > ttabel (1,668), hal ini menunjukan bahwa H1 diterima dan H0 ditolak. Dengan demikian, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode jigsaw dalam pembelajaran menulis teks cerpen pada siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Pabedilan Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024 efektif selain itu haisl observasi terbukti bahwa penerapan metode jigsaw meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran menulis teks cerpen pada siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Pabedilan Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024.
Cyber Crimes Trends in Pakistan: Analyzing the Legal Framework and Enforcement Challenges
Authors: Saleem Hobashia , Jan Junaid , Areej Azzalfa
Published: April 2024

This study looks at the growing problem of cybercrime in Pakistan, concentrating on the legislative framework and the issues that law enforcement authorities face. It examines the rise of cybercrime in the country, the evolution of cyber legislation, and the passage of the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) in 2016. The report emphasizes the importance of a strong legal framework in combating cybercrime efficiently. Despite PECA, internet crimes remain a big threat. The study highlighted enforcement challenges such as technology constraints, data breaches, terrorist risks, and a lack of public awareness. It underlines the significance of specialized courts, public awareness campaigns, and improved technical capabilities for law enforcement. The conclusion underlines the importance of Pakistan strengthening its law enforcement and amending existing legislation to effectively combat cybercrime. Implementing the study's recommendations can help to preserve citizens' rights and privacy while also reducing cybercriminal risks. Pakistan must take decisive steps to combat cybercrime, and the study's recommendations provide a good framework for this effort.
The Divine Covenant: Nikah in Islam and the Codification of Family Laws in Pakistan
Authors: Bin Liaquat Hassan , Chohan Fazeel Hayder , Rafiq Waheed
Published: April 2024

This research article delves into Nikah's profound significance in Islam, emphasizing its close connection to divine law as revealed in the Quran and Sunnah. Nikah is a spiritual covenant between couples that promotes affection, understanding, and cooperation and serves as the foundation for stable families. It is more than just a legal document. The author also discusses the goals and objectives of marriage from a socio-religious standpoint. The Muslim Family Laws Ordinance of 1961 is a critical piece of legislation in Pakistan's Muslim family law system, striving to safeguard people's rights and equality among men and women by Islamic principles. However, there are practical barriers to its implementation, such as incoherent rulings from the courts. This article emphasizes the continuing need for the legal system and society to defend justice and equity within the institution of Nikah to foster family well-being and uphold Islamic family values.
Épidémiologie des patients suicidants dans le service de Réanimation médicale du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d’Antananarivo
Authors: Raobelle EN , Ratobimanankasina HH , Rafehivola IH , Rakotorahalahy M , Sambany  , Rajaonarison BH , Raharivelo A
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The aims of our study were to describe the epidemiology of the suicide survivors and to identify risk factors in a sample of Malagasy population. Methods. It is a prospective study conducted from January to December 2009 at the Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital University Centre of Antananarivo. Results. One hundred sixty fourteen cases (14.83%) of 1173 hospitalized patients were selected for this study. The average age was 26.20 years and the sex ratio of 0.74. The majority (52.29%) of our patients was single. Fifty four patients (31.03%) have a history, surgical, 8 with a psychiatric history (4.60%), and 26 patients (15%) with a history of attempted suicide. The context of depression was found in 36.78%, psychotic disorders in 6.32% and 56.89% in impulsivity. The most frequently used was the organophosphate poisoning (55.17%), and intoxication with synthetic antimalarial drugs (16.67%). Conclusion. Attempted suicide is a reality and actuality that it should not be overlooked in Madagascar. The most vulnerable are those with psychiatric comorbidities, and those living in a pathological environment. It is recommended that all suicidal patients receive a thorough psychiatric evaluation to prevent recurrence.
Attitudes discriminatoires du professionnel de santé vis-à-vis des personnes vivant avec le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine à Antananarivo
Authors: Randriatsarafara FM , Rasoloarimanana AR , Ralamboson S , Rakotonirina EJ , Ranjalahy RJJ , Rakotomanga JDM
Published: April 2024

ntroduction. Access to medical care stays very weak for people living with HIV (PLWHA) in Madagascar. This situation can be aggravated by the existence of some attitudes of health staff. The aim of our study was to identify the factor which can influence the attitudes of the health staff to the PLWHA. Methods. This retrospective survey was done during the month of October 2010. Pre-tested questionnaires were developed to interview the medical staffs exercising in the public and private sanitary formations in Antananarivo. Results. According to our results, 65.7% with CI 95% [59.5% - 71.1%] of the medical staff to the level of the District Sanitary of Antananarivo are discriminative towards PLWHA. The discriminatory attitude is correlated meaningfully with an elevated age (p<0.04), the feminine gender (p<0.006) and the nurses catergory (p<0.005). This attitude is under stretched by the fear to be infected by the HIV. It is the consequence of an insufficiency of the knowledge of the transmission modes of the virus, and the belief that, HIV-infection touches only a particular group people. The role of the medical education in the changes of the attitudes essentially depends on her content. The ignorance of the patient’s rights meaningfully contributes to these discriminatory attitudes (70.5% versus 43.6%). Conclusion. Many factors determine the stigma. The intensification of the knowledge of the nursing staff may improve significantly this attitude in the respect of patients’ rights. Key words: discrimination, stigma, pe
Issues du traitement de la tuberculose dans le service de Pneumo-phtisiologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Fianarantsoa, Madagascar
Authors: Rakotoson JL , Rajaoarifetra J , Raherimandimby H , Raharimbohitra L , Raholiarisoa L , Zafimahita A , Rabarijaona M , Solofomalala GD , Raharimanana RN , Ralison A
Published: April 2024

Objective. Determine tuberculosis treatment outcome at the lung diseases department of Fianarantsoa. Methods. A descriptive retrospective study had included all tuberculosis adult forms diagnosed at the lung diseases department of Fianarantsoa University Hospital during 36 months period. Results. 1332 patients were enrolled, 856 males (64.2%) and 476 females (35.7%), with sex ratio 1.5. The mean age was 40 years. There were pulmonary tuberculosis predominant cases (n = 878; 65.9%) accounting 809 (60.7%) smear positive and 69 (5.1%) sputum smear negative. Extrapulmonary TB were detected in 448 patients (33.6%) with pleuritic in 217 patients (16.2%) and peritoneal in 82 patients (6.1%) predominant sites. The treatment success rate was 84.6% and mortality rate 10.1%. There were 4.5% of loss of follow-up and 0.7% treatment failure. No case of HIV has been detected. Conclusion. A strict enforcement of a national tuberculosis control program is a treatment success garant. In our department, we had rea- ched the objective with high treatment success rate and low rate of loss of follow-up.
Profil épidémio-clinique des précordialgies à l’Unité de Cardiologie de l’hôpital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo
Authors: Ernestho-ghoud IM , Razafimahefa SH , Raveloson HFR , Randriamanana D , Rabearivony N
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Chest pain constitutes a common cause of hospitalization. It is a frequent symptom which can reveal many causes dominated by the cardiovascular causes and in priority by the coronary insufficiency. Our aim was to present the epidemiological and the clinical aspects of the chest pain in a sample of Malagasy population. Materials and methods. We conducted a 6 months descriptive study (1° Janua ry 2011 to 30 June 2011) at the Cardiology Department of Joseph Raseta Befelatanana Hospital, University Hospital Centre, Antananarivo. Fifty five patients were included. Results. The prevalence of chest pain was 8.91%. Male patients were more represented; the sex ratio was 1.62. Cardiovascular risk factors were encountered as follow: hypertension 52.73% (n=29), tobacco smoking 43.64% (n=24) and dyslipidemia 21.82% (n=12). The acute coro- nary syndrome was the main cause of the chest pain 81.82% (n=45). We recorded two deaths (3.64%) complicating acute coronary syndrome. Conclusion. Chest pain constitutes a common cause of hospitalization at the Cardiology department. Acute coronary syndrome is the main cause of the chest pain and the main cause of death.