bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Skills Acquisition Through Innovative Teaching Methodologies
Authors: El Kadhi Nabil , Bunagan Minerva Mabborang
Published: October 2024

This chapter aims to provide comprehensive guidelines for the successful integration of technology and the adoption of innovative teaching methodologies to enhance students' skills acquisition and effectiveness. Drawing upon experiences and implementations in the Mena region, specifically the GCC region, this chapter addresses key questions surrounding the selection and implementation of innovative teaching methods. The structure of the chapter encompasses an introduction to innovative teaching methodologies, identification of skills and appropriate methodologies, monitoring of implementation, the impact of technology, and a concluding summary of findings and future research directions.
Insights Into Cultivating Creativity and Innovation in Kenyan Higher Education
Authors: Ngugi James K. , Goosen Leila
Published: October 2024

Against the background of insights into international higher education leadership and the skills gap, the purpose of this chapter will be to especially focus on cultivating creativity and innovation in higher education. Drivers of Individual Innovative Behavior (IIB) obtained from Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) of the mediating effect of Knowledge Sharing Behavior (KSB) on technology students' individual and contextual antecedents, including those related to Course Design Characteristics (CDC) and Self-Regulated Learning (SRL), are explained.
The Disparities of Higher-Educated Men and Women in Leadership Positions in Indonesia
Authors: Hennigusnia Hennigusnia , Kurniawati Ardhian , Asiati Devi , Ngadi Ngadi , Rajagukguk Zantermans
Published: October 2024

This paper analyzes gender disparities in leadership among highly educated workers in Indonesia. The data for the analysis is the August NLFS 2023. The research data shows variations in gender inequality according to generation, marital status, and main industry. The younger the generation, the greater the proportion of highly educated women as managers. The proportion of women in leadership positions in the service sector is greater than in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors. Based on marital status, the proportion of married women as managers is lower than that of single women. The results of the inferential analysis show that the average income of men is 44.6 percentage points greater than the average income of women. Furthermore, of the 44.6 percentage points of the wage gap, only 7.9 percentage points (17.646%) can be explained by differences in the characteristics of men and women. The unobserved and unexplained factors for wage differences that can be perceived as discrimination were 36.7 percentage points (82.354%).
Contemporary Technology Product CGI Approach to Visual Narrative in Outdoor Advertising
Authors: Yüce Mustafa Zeki
Published: October 2024

The change in technology continues to change the world of advertising and visual communication. Today, the impact of this change is clearly seen in the advertising industry. Especially in outdoor advertisements where visuality is at the forefront, the power of visual expression has become more important than ever, and new searches and tools are used to enrich the visual narrative and influence the audience. One of these pursuits is the use of CGI-Computer Generated Imagery technology. New technologies like CGI allow advertisers to push their creative boundaries and deliver never-before-seen visual experiences. Traditional outdoor advertising often offers limited interactivity and creativity. At this point, computer-generated images (CGI), a product of contemporary technology, have become a factor that transforms the visual narrative in outdoor advertising.
Digital Transformation of Art and Design
Authors: Danacılar İrem Ayan
Published: October 2024

This book chapter covers the digital transformation of art and design through comprehensive forms of expression in advertising. Advertising is undergoing a major transformation with the rapid development of digital technologies. This transformation has led to a radical manipulation of the technologies and forms of expression used in the creation of advertisements. Art and design options have rapidly adapted to technological advances and have even been integrated into their extensive creative options. Using new technologies such as digital tools and CGI, artists and designers have created visual experiences and forms of expression that were not possible before. This has enabled art and design to not only be followed comprehensively, but also to be seen as a source of inspiration in their own fields. As a result, art and design have become digital, the emergence of new and comprehensive forms of expression in advertising has become fundamental, and the way art and design adapt to and respond to the technological rise has changed.
Symbolizing Creativity
Authors: Bakan Ufuk , Atabey Zehra
Published: October 2024

Blockchain technology has precipitated a profound reevaluation of ownership, authenticity, and worth, laying the groundwork for the emergence of non-fungible tokens (NFTs). This transformative development has effectively disrupted conventional art markets by facilitating the transfer and storage of digital artworks independently of physical exhibition spaces. This scholarly inquiry, conducted with meticulous methodological rigor, endeavors to dissect the intricate interplay between blockchain technology, NFTs' evolution, and pixel art's realm to unravel their multifaceted relationship and ramifications. Employing a robust methodological framework that integrates qualitative and quantitative approaches, the study scrutinizes pixel art's defining characteristics and historical antecedents while elucidating how NFTs have reshaped their production, consumption, and monetization dynamics.
Reflection of Constructivism Art Movement on Today's Art Movement
Authors: Köseli Ayça Yeşim
Published: October 2024

In the 19th century, Constructivism, which emerged in Russia and later developed in Europe and other countries, had an important place among the modern art movements. It is a movement that is broadly open to scientific and technological innovations and artistic production. In the early 20th century, it pioneered the art movements that emerged one after the other within the changing world view. One of the most important factors shaping the art of the 20th century is the industrial age. With the emergence of industry, a new era began and the new world view of this era greatly influenced art. The industrial revolution and the development of technology enabled the use of this movement in every field.From the point of view of art history, the constructivism movement manifested itself in very old periods, and its effects were not limited to that period, but had an impact on many other art movements.t.Digital art has taken its place in our living space with the idea of doing a lot of work with little material. The use of materials in the computer environment has been economical.
Robotic Augmentation in Healthcare
Authors: Pal Gurdish
Published: October 2024

In the age of transhumanism, healthcare is being changed with robotic augmentation which improves patient care and medical accuracy. The chapter explores the use of robotics in medicine that range from surgical robots, which offer incomparable levels of precision to rehabilitation robots that enable patients' recovery. It also looks at the ethical concerns that have been raised, technological developments including robot systems that have made it possible for them to be used by health professionals as well as examining the impact they have had on both patients and healthcare providers themselves. Finally, the chapter points out how robotic enhancement could transcend human abilities while enhancing quality of life, and demonstrates how these advances are paving way for a future where people interact seamlessly with technology in order to achieve the best health outcomes.
Leveraging Neurotechnology in HR
Authors: Wandhe Priyanka
Published: October 2024

Neurotechnology is a rapidly growing field that uses technology to measure and interact with the human brain, with growing interest in its potential use in HR. It can help HR professionals understand employees' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, leading to improved hiring decisions, better training programs, increased employee engagement, and enhanced productivity. However, challenges such as privacy, information security, and discrimination need to be addressed. Careful planning and implementation can help HR professionals make informed decisions and create effective training programs.
Exploring Recent NLP Advances for Tamil: Word Vectors and Hybrid Deep Learning Architectures
Authors: Aravinthan Archchitha , Eugene Charles
Published: October 2024

The advancements of deep learning methods and the availability of large corpora and data sets have led to an exponential increase in the performance of Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods resulting in successful NLP applications for various day-to-day tasks such as Language translation, Voice to text, Grammar checking, Sentiment analysis, etc. These advancements enabled the well-resourced languages to adapt themselves to the digital era while the gap for the low-resource languages widened. This research work explores the suitability of the recent advancements in NLP for Tamil, a low-resource language spoken mainly in South India, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia. From the literature survey, it has been found that there is a lack of comprehensive study on the effect of the recent advancements of NLP for the Tamil text. To fill this gap, this research work analysed the performance of deep learning based text representation and classification approaches namely word embedding, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for Tamil text classification tasks. Different dimensional pretrained word2Vec and FastText word vectors were built for Tamil and their effectiveness on Text classification was evaluated. The study found that the pre-trained 300- dimensional FastText word vector showed better performance than other pre-trained word vectors for Tamil text classification. Further, in this study, four simple hybrid CNN and Bi-GRU models were proposed for Tamil text classification and their performances were evaluated. The study found that hybrid CNN and Bi-GRU models perform better compared to the classical machine learning models, individual CNN and RNN models, and the Multilingual BERT model. These results confirm that the jointly learned embeddings with different deep learning architectures like CNN and RNN can achieve remarkable results for Tamil text classification, thus ensuring that the deep learning approaches can be successful for NLP on Tamil text.
Automated Design of Quiet Trajectories Using Land Use Models
Authors:   NASA Ames Research Center, Morris Robert ,   Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Johnson Matthew ,   Tulane University, Venable Kristen
Published: October 2024

Recent increase in interest in using rotorcraft (helicopters and tilt-rotor craft) for public transportation has spurred research in making rotorcraft less noisy, particularly as they land. The ground noise associated with landing trajectories followed by rotorcraft depends in part on the changes in altitude and velocity of the rotorcraft during flight. Acoustic models of ground noise taking altitude and velocity effects into account can be used in an optimization process to determine a set of potentially quieter pilot operations. However, optimizing solely for acoustic properties produces patterns that abstract away from the environment in which the trajectory is flown. A quiet procedure flown over a residential area can create considerable annoyance. To overcome this limitation of acoustic-based optimization we propose a hybrid cost model for optimization that combines acoustic criteria with a land use model that views noise-sensitive areas around landing facilities as weighted obstacles. The result is a 3D route-planning problem with obstacles. We introduce a system, called NORA (Noise Optimization for Rotorcraft Approach) that allows for the computation of trajectories that simultaneously solve for acoustically quiet patterns that also avoid land sensitive areas.
High-Order Overset Methods for Rotorcraft CFD
Authors:   Penn State Applied Research Laboratory, Foster Norman
Published: October 2024

It has been shown that for overset CFD calculations that utilize high order accurate inviscid flux discretization schemes, solution accuracy can be increased by using high-order overset interpolation. This can be critically relevant in many cases, such as those where it is important to accurately track vortical structures through the domain because of fluid-structure interactions, for example. Many block structured overset CFD solutions employ variants of Lagrangian interpolation to determine overset donor weights and, of these, most use 2nd order accurate interpolation stencils. This paper demonstrates the pitfalls of using lower-order (i.e. 2nd) overset interpolation strategies in conjunction with high-order solver numerics. Familiar canonical problems are used to demonstrate that in certain types of problems, failure to use high-order interpolation can quickly lead to errors that undermine the reasons for using an advanced numerical scheme in first place, namely accuracy. Results also include prediction comparisons to rotor hub wake test data. Two computer codes are used: OVERFLOW 2.2, and a high order code developed at Penn State.
Novel Features for Aircraft-Crew Interaction Provided by the Airbus Helicopters Helionix Avionics Suite
Authors:   Airbus Helicopters, Ockier Carl , Juppet Valérie , Steiner Jürgen
Published: October 2024

Airbus Helicopters' new Helionix® avionics suite was developed with the key objectives of improving flight safety and mission effectiveness. To achieve this goal, the development focused on reducing workload and complexity, improving situation awareness and increasing mission involvement. This allows flight crews to concentrate on flying the helicopter and completing the mission. Helionix is currently installed on the new Airbus Helicopters H145 and H175. A key feature of Helionix is that all essential information is displayed on a single Flight and Navigation Display (FND), thereby making the other displays available to display vehicle, navigation or mission related information at the pilot's discretion. A high integration of information on a single display was achieved by the introduction of various novel technologies. The part time display allowed various "mandatory" parameters to be monitored in the background, the fused power indicator made torque, TOT and N1 gauges indications redundant, automatic reconfiguration and automatic pre-flight testing further reduced pilot workload.
Investigation of Whirl Flutter Stabilization using Active Trailing Edge Flaps
Authors:   University of Stuttgart, Richter Tobias ,   Technical University of Munich, Oberinger Oliver , Rath Tobias , Fichter Walter
Published: October 2024

Within the development of propeller and tiltrotor aircraft, whirl flutter has always been a major concern, as the phenomenon potentially leads to unstable whirling motions of rotors or propellers. The likelihood for the occurrence of whirl flutter is increased by low stiffness values of the structure that is bearing the propeller or rotor which is a typical trend for modern light weight structures used in helicopter design. Common means to stabilize the phenomenon comprise modifications in the stiffness or modeshapes of the propeller/rotor bearing structure and thus a major design amendment. In this paper, the insertion of a whirl flutter-like instability into an aeroelastic model of a generic helicopter by adding artificial support structure modes is presented and a stabilization approach using active trailing edge flaps is proposed. Whereas attempts to stabilize whirl flutter using standard controllers have been performed already, the controller concept presented in this paper explicitly uses the periodicity of rotor systems. It is shown by simulation that whirl flutter can be alleviated by the proposed control approach and that robustness is given with respect to flight speed.
Performance and Hub Vibrations of an Articulated Slowed-Rotor Compound Helciopter at High Speeds
Authors:   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Reddinger Jean-Paul ,   US Army Research Laboratory, Kang Hao , Gandhi Farhan
Published: October 2024

For a compound helicopter with an articulated main rotor, this study focuses on the high advance ratio, low disk loading environment of high speed flight at 225 kts. It seeks to understand the predominant phenomena which contribute to the main rotor power and hub vibrations, and demonstrate the most sensitive design and control criteria used in minimizing them for steady level flight - specifically the use of redundant controls and the effect of blade twist. The compound model is based on a UH-60A with 20,110 lbs of gross weight, and simulations are performed by Rotorcraft Comprehensive Analysis Sytem. The results show that for a -8° twisted rotor, the minimum power and minimum vibration states exist for two distinct sets of redundant controls and main rotor behavior. The low power state occurs at lower RPM and higher auxiliary thrust, with lower flapping and thrust at the main rotor. At a state with reduced vibrations, main rotor forward tilt, thrust, and average inflow ratio are higher, such that the rear of the rotor encounters less of the wake from the preceding rotor blades. For an untwisted rotor, it is shown that the regions for minimum power and minimum vibrations coincide with each other, with almost no flapping or pitch inputs and reduced rotor thrust from the twisted blade. By untwisting the rotor and providing proper control settings, the power requirements can be reduced by about 4-7%, with potential reductions in hub vibrations ranging from 50-80%.
CAD-Based 3-D Structural Dynamic Modeling of the Tilt Rotor Aeroacoustic Model (TRAM) Proprotor
Authors:   University of Maryland, Staruk William , Weiner Elizabeth , Chopra Inderjit
Published: October 2024

This paper describes the development of a three-dimensional structural analysis model of the NASA Tilt Rotor Aeroacoustic Model (TRAM) proprotor. The model includes 3-D CAD geometry of the rotor, finite element meshes of flexible parts, multibody joint definitions, composite material modeling, and assembly into an integrated model suitable for dynamic analysis. Preliminary analysis is carried out on a single processor using a novel, high fidelity, 3-D rotor computational structural dynamics solver. The solver utilizes a multibody formulation and treats flexible components with full 3-D finite element analysis. The process for creating the proprotor model, from CAD geometry through discretization of flexible parts into hexahedral meshes and definition of joints, is discussed. Additionally, the use of an effective modulus method to homogenize the constitutive properties of laminated composites is presented. Static analysis of the rotor flexbeam reveals accurate modeling of its bending stiffness. Mass properties for the rotor are also well captured, suggesting the CAD geometry is well defined. Some rotor frequencies are well matched, but others created problems, likely due to a lack of information on the original properties of the materials used in the rotor. Despite this, the rotor model demonstrates that it is capable of predicting the kinematics of complex root end flexures, bearings, and attachments with multiple load paths from first principles.
Towards Establishing Flying Qualities Requirements for Maritime Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Authors:   University of Liverpool, Fell Thomas ,   University of Lincoln, Owen Ieuan , Jump Michael , White Mark
Published: October 2024

This paper describes the continuing development work being undertaken to establish Flying Qualities Requirements for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) that will be expected to operate in the Maritime Environment. A UAS Dynamics Model (UDM) has been developed to allow the rapid investigation of the aircraft dynamics required to conduct ship-deck launch and recovery operations. The process used to develop the UDM is described along with the method used to fix the UDM dynamics to ADS-33E-PRF style bandwidth criteria. Two turbulence model structures are described and a preliminary test of the model dynamics in the lateral axis is reported. The model has been initially configured to assess an SH-60B-class UAS operating from a Type 23 Frigate. These preliminary investigations show that the methods being pursued hold promise to achieve the project aims.
Multi-Input Multi-Output Model-Following Control Design Methods for Rotorcraft
Authors:   The Pennsylvania State University, Spires J. , Horn Joseph
Published: October 2024

We compare two MIMO model-following control design methods for rotorcraft flight control. The first, Explicit Model Following (EMF), employs SISO inverse plants with a dynamic decoupling matrix, which is a purely feed-forward approach to inverting the plant. The second is Dynamic Inversion (DI), which involves both feed-forward and feedback path elements to invert the plant. The EMF design is purely linear, while our DI has some nonlinear elements in vertical rate control. For each of these methods, an architecture is presented that provides angular rate model-following with selectable vertical rate model-following. We also cover implementation challenges of both EMF and DI, and present our methods of dealing with them. These two MIMO model-following approaches are evaluated regarding (1) fidelity to the command model, and (2) turbulence rejection. We find that both provide good tracking of commands and reduction of cross coupling.
Investigation of Bandwidth and Disturbance Rejection Properties of a Dynamic Inversion Control Law for Ship-Based Rotorcraft
Authors:   The Pennsylvania State University, Zheng Albert , Horn Joseph
Published: October 2024

A previous investigation studied the use of advanced response types and non-linear dynamic inversion (NLDI) control to improve handling qualities for shipboard operations from a moving ship deck with unsteady airwake. The results showed potential for ship-relative Translation Rate Command (TRC) control modes to significantly reduce pilot workload, at least in mild sea states. The paper extends the investigation to better understand the bandwidth and the disturbance rejection requirements of the NLDI controller (and for rotorcraft control characteristics in general), when operating in a range of sea states and airwake conditions. The US Army's rotorcraft handling quality specification, ADS-33E-PRF, provides no specific design guidance on bandwidth or disturbance rejection properties for maritime operations. A family of controllers was developed to test varying levels of bandwidth and disturbance rejection proper-ties of Attitude Command / Attitude Hold (ACAH) and TRC control modes. The controllers gain sets were baselined at the minimum Level 1 ADS-33 requirements for response to pilot inputs and the 45° / 6-dB stability margins recommended by standard flight control design specifications. Piloted simulation tests were conducted to evaluate the handling qualities of the family of controllers in the midst of higher sea states and a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model for airwake turbulence. Simulations used the GENHEL-PSU UH-60 model integrated with the Penn State rotorcraft flight simulator. A maritime mission task element (MTE) was flown to evaluate handling qualities ratings (HQR) using the various response types and gain parameters. Results indicate that ACAH can improve HQRs over the conventional rate command mechanical control. HQRs with ACAH were still Level 2, and results indicate that the required ACAH bandwidth is significantly higher than that currently specified in ADS-33E-PRF. Results indicated that level 1 HQR could be achieved with ship-relative TRC in sea state 5, but that handling qualities were sensitive to rise time, with the required rise time at the low end of the range recommended by ADS-33E-PRF.
The Man Who Beat Amelia Earhart: The Fabulous Aviation Life of John McDonald Miller (1905 - 2008)
Authors:   Hofstra University, Charnov Bruce
Published: October 2024

Inspired watching Glenn Curtiss landing to refuel on his historic 1910 flight from Albany to New York City, the almost 5-year old John McDonald "Johnny" Miller decided he wanted to be a pilot, a decision reinforced five years later in a chance encounter with famed aviatrix Ruth Law (3rd licensed woman pilot in America) at the Curtiss Flying school in Mineola, Long Island. Miller taught himself to fly in used WWI Jenny from a text by Captain Horatio Barber, a book Miller still had in his family home in Poughkeepsie, NY eighty years later. His career in aviation, begun in a $1,500 used WWI aircraft, would span eight decades and see him as an Eastern Airline pilot flying jets - a career captured in his email address adopted in his ninth decade from jennys2jets, but Miller was most famous for being the man who beat Amelia Earhart in the first transcontinental Autogiro flight in 1931 and the 1939-1940 experimental Autogiro Airmail Route between the 30th Street Post Office roof in Philadelphia and Camden, NJ. In between, Miller supported himself with maintenance work on bootleggers airplanes and airshow performances, one of which resulted in the death of 'Al' Wilson whose replica Curtiss biplane fatally crashed in a mock dogfight with Miller's PCA-2 Autogiro. Miller's career spanned 85 years and, at his death at 102 & 1/2, he was still a licensed and active pilot. He had thrilled thousands with his Autogiro exhibitions, and while he was not the first, his daring Autogiro 'loop-the-loop' never failed to have the crowd cheering and was captured in the 1935 film Ladies Crave Excitement. Miller was an outsider - not part of the Pitcairn business enterprise which championed Earhart and, from such a truly unique vantage point, was in a special position to observe and comment. His triumphant transcontinental flight in 1931 and the 1939-1940 Autogiro Airmail Route neatly bracket the age of the American Autogiro - John McDonald Miller was part that decade, and his frequent writings provide a unique record and attest to the fabulous life of this American original.
Evaluation of Motion Tuning Methods on the Vertical Motion Simulator
Authors:   NASA, Reardon Scott , Beard Steven
Published: October 2024

An experiment at NASA Ames' Vertical Motion Simulator (VMS) evaluated three motion tuning methods using the GenHel UH-60A Black Hawk math model. For each of the three motion tuning methods, adjustments were made to the gain and washout frequency of the high pass filter designed to attenuate the math model accelerations before commanding the simulator motion platform. Two of the tuning methods were established techniques, using a motion-tuning expert to modify the gain and frequency values to satisfy a project pilot while flying the task. The third method is a quantitative approach that minimized the difference between the aircraft math model commanded acceleration and the acceleration outputted by the motion filter. Four test pilots performed the Aeronautical Design Standard (ADS)-33 Hover, Lateral Reposition, and Vertical Maneuvers for each of the three motion-tuning methods, providing Handling Quality Ratings (HQRs) after each. Comparing the simulation results of the three methods, the subjective motion tuning method was found to deliver better HQRs as compared to the quantitative method. The larger washout frequencies used in the quantitative motion-tuning method were found objectionable based on pilot comments.
Unsteady CFD Modelling of Ship Engine Exhaust Gases and Over-Deck Air Temperatures and the Implications for Helicopter Operations
Authors:   University of Liverpool, Scott Paul ,   University of Lincoln, Owen Iuean , White Mark
Published: October 2024

This paper describes the results of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) study into the modelling of unsteady ship airwakes and their interaction with a ship's exhaust efflux. The fluctuating temperatures in the air flow above the flight deck were assessed to determine potential impacts on maritime helicopter operations. A generic ship model was created that is representative of a modern naval single-spot frigate. Included in the simulation was the hot exhaust efflux from three exhaust uptakes representing a ship operating combined gas turbine and Diesel engines, typically found in modern frigates. The unsteady airwake was computed at 40 knots for a Headwind, Green 30° and Green 45° Wind Over Deck (WOD) conditions and the unsteady temperatures were sampled at various locations around the flight deck. The temperature rise limits over the deck as specified in CAP 437 were found to be exceeded for the Headwind and Green 30° cases. The trajectory of the plumes for the Green 30° and Green 45° WOD cases showed that although the over-deck temperatures were within limits, the exhaust gases were entrained in the downwash in the lee of the ship causing the air temperatures to increase in the region where a helicopter would operate for a port-side approach. The resulting air temperatures over and around the flight deck are discussed in relation to helicopter performance and safety, drawing on the experience and practices in the offshore oil industry.
An Advanced Rotorcraft Powerplant Optimization at Mission Level: Towards High Fidelity Engine Design Optimization
Authors:   Cranfield University, Ali Fakhre ,   NOESIS Solutions, d'Ippolito Roberto , Tzanidakis Konstantinos , Goulos Ioannis , Vassilios Pachidis
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to present an integrated rotorcraft conceptual design and analysis framework, deployed for the multidisciplinary design and optimisation of an advanced regenerative rotorcraft in terms of operational and environmental performance. The proposed simulation framework comprises a wide-range of individual modeling theories applicable to rotorcraft flight dynamics, gas turbine engine performance and weight estimation as well as a novel physics-based, stirred reactor model for the rapid estimation of gas turbine gaseous emissions. A Multi-objective Particle Swarm optimizer is coupled with the aforementioned comprehensive rotorcraft mission analysis simulation framework. The combined approach is applied to conduct multidisciplinary design and optimization of a reference Twin Engine Light civil rotorcraft modeled after the Eurocopter Bo105 helicopter, operating on representative mission scenario. Through the implementation of a multi-objective optimisation study, Pareto fronts have been acquired, quantifying the optimum interrelationship between the mission fuel consumption and gaseous emissions for the representative rotorcraft and a variety of engine configurations. The acquired optimum engine configurations are subsequently deployed for the design of conceptual rotorcraft regenerative engines, targeting improved mission fuel economy, enhanced payload range capability as well as improvements in the rotorcraft overall environmental impact. The proposed methodology essentially constitutes an enabler in terms of focusing the multidisciplinary design and optimisation of rotorcraft powerplants within realistic, three-dimensional operations and towards the realization of their associated design trade-offs at mission level.
Automated Power Assurance Refinement for a Turboshaft Engine
Authors:   GE Aviation, Soares Alvaro ,   Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation, LeFevre Brian ,   US Army Aviation Development Directorate, Baker Treven , Davis Mark
Published: October 2024

Automated power assurance technology consists of a real-time software module which processes measurements collected by various sensors on an aircraft and calculates key characteristic engine parameters and performance limits which are used for maintenance and mission planning purposes. The technical effort undertaken as part of the Capability-Based Operations and Sustainment Technology-Aviation (COST-A) program, and described in this paper, sought to improve overall algorithm performance from the baseline established under past development programs and further advance the technology along the path to transition to use by the UH-60 BLACK HAWK fleet. After analysis of UH-60 HUMS data and other full-scale test data, all of the technical performance goals for automated power assurance were met. These goals included compensating for the use of customer (i.e., compressor) bleed air and other engine operating conditions while maintaining Engine Torque Factor (ETF) to within a specified tolerance from ground truth as established in a calibrated test cell. In addition, ETF repeatability was within the expected tolerance at a 3-sigma confidence level. Given the positive results that were obtained under COST-A, the next steps for the automated power assurance software include a flight test of the algorithm in Q3 2015, where the software will be embedded within the on-board system of an UH-60 aircraft. This test will further validate the technical performance of the algorithms and reduce integration risk, thus enabling a transition to production applications.
Dual-Use Structures: Apache Empennage Integral Driveshaft Cover Antenna
Authors:   US Army, Lavin Ronald ,   The Boeing Company, Pyle Glenn , Robeson Mark , McCarthy Dennis
Published: October 2024

Many modern aircraft, including rotorcraft, require conformal antennas and fairings to reduce wind drag, ice accretion, lightning strikes, and impact damage. An innovative approach to embedding Very High Frequency (VHF) antenna elements in the leading and trailing edges of a helicopter empennage has been developed. A prototype has been fabricated and tested on a mockup of a helicopter empennage, consisting of the vertical stabilizer (tail), horizontal stabilator, and gearbox. Testing has shown that the design can meet typical communications range requirements. A history of helicopter empennage antennas, the development approach, design features and key innovations, and measured results are presented and discussed. The approach can be replicated on almost any current or future aircraft or rotorcraft.
OH-58D Pylon Side Beam Life Using Usage Loads Monitoring vs Traditional Lifing Methodology
Authors:   US Army, Hodges Chris , Troncalli Katherine , Kinney Theresa , Lyman Christopher
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses the cooperative effort to evaluate usage load monitoring on the right pylon side beam of four OH-58D aircraft. This paper will discuss the Army's current methodology for retirement time calculation of the OH-58D pylon side beams, findings from actual loads data analysis and potential adjustments to overhaul and retirement schedules. This effort supports the transition of Army aircraft from time based maintenance to condition based maintenance and is applicable to current and future fleet aircraft.
Psychiatric and psychological aspects of transsexualism
Authors: Marchetti Marco
Published: October 2024

Not available.
Ethical questions of genetic engineering
Authors: Serra Angelo
Published: October 2024

Not available.
Prenatal diagnosis: the difficult encounter between scientific truth and the life of the unborn child
Authors: Sgreccia Elio
Published: October 2024

Not available.
Apatite fission-track data for nine samples from Vancouver Island, British Columbia
Authors: Currie L. D. , Grist A. M.
Published: October 2024

Neuf concentrés minéraux d'apatite de l'ouest de la Colombie-Britannique, au Canada, ont été analysés à l'aide de la technique de datation des traces de fission par détecteur externe au laboratoire de recherche Fission Track (FT) de l'Université Dalhousie. Les âges regroupés des traces de fission de l'apatite pour les échantillons provenant d'Alberni Inlet, sur l'île de Vancouver, varient de 33 ± 12 Ma à 63 ± 21 Ma (estimations d'erreur de 2 sigma). Les âges regroupés des traces de fission de l'apatite pour les échantillons du nord de l'île de Vancouver sont de 111 ± 24 et 133 ± 20 Ma (estimations d'erreur de 2 sigma). Les échantillons présentent un degré élevé d'homogénéité de composition au sein de l'échantillon (basé sur des facteurs tels que la forme et la qualité des grains, les types d'inclusions et la forme des piqûres de gravure). Tous les échantillons réussissent test du chi carré avec un niveau de confiance de 95 % (c'est-à-dire qu'ils semblent être des populations d'un seul âge). La plupart des échantillons présentaient relativement peu de traces fossiles et, par conséquent, là où suffisamment d'apatite était présente, une partie aliquote a été montée séparément et irradiée avec des fragments de fission de 252Cf pour augmenter le nombre de traces confinées révélées par gravure. Les longueurs moyennes des traces confinées des 9 échantillons vont de 11,00 ± 0,25 microns à 14,35 ± 0,23 microns (estimations d'erreur de 2 sigma). Certains échantillons ont des distributions de longueurs de piste confinées qui sont étroites et pointues, tandis que d'autres présentent des distributions de longueurs de piste plus larges, avec un raccourcissement considérable de la longueur (c'est-à-dire qu'ils contiennent une proportion substantielle de pistes significativement recuites).
Establishing the convergent and divergent validity of the Return-to-Work Assessment Scale among poststroke survivors
Authors: Ibikunle Peter Olanrewaju , Igbokwe Timothy Chukwuka
Published: October 2024

Background:

Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, for which the concept of return to work (RTW) plays a crucial role in rehabilitation. The RTW Assessment Scale (RAS) was first developed to assess RTW among poststroke survivors; however, its validity requires further investigation. This cross-sectional study therefore aimed to determine the convergent and divergent validity of the RAS among poststroke survivors in Southeastern Nigeria.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study in Southeast Nigeria evaluated the convergent and divergent validity of the RAS in 101 poststroke survivors. The purposive sampling technique was used to select eligible individuals from several randomly selected locations. Consecutive participants who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were used for data analysis.

Results:

The RAS exhibited strong convergent validity with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule scores (r = −0.874 to −0.529), indicating a significant relationship between RTW and overall disability. We further observed a weak negative correlation between the RAS scores and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, with correlation coefficients (r) ranging from r = −0.371 to −0.235, indicating a lesser association between RTW and pain perception of VAS, suggesting divergent validity of RAS.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that the RAS demonstrated strong convergent and divergent validity, affirming its reliability in assessing RTW among poststroke survivors.
Exploring the Potential of Intralesional Radiofrequency Ablation in Dermatology: A Case Series
Authors: Kusumika Kanak , Tuli Simran S , Sardesai Vidyadhar R
Published: October 2024

Intralesional radiofrequency (ILRF) ablation is a novel and safe dermatosurgical technique which, unlike conventional radiofrequency, minimizes the risk of epidermal scarring by precisely targeting the reticular dermis. ILRF’s simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and cosmetic advantages make it an attractive option for treating various skin conditions. While ILRF has found applications in various fields beyond dermatology, there exists a scarcity of data concerning its safety and effectiveness in dermatology. We successfully utilized this novel technique to manage conditions such as lymphangioma circumscriptum and molluscum contagiosum, highlighting the promising impact and benefits of this approach.
Psychological Profile of Patients Presenting with Dermatological Complaints: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Malkani Ram H , Parekh Komal , Karmakar Suman , Setia Maninder Singh
Published: October 2024

Objectives:

The study evaluates the psychological profile in patients presenting to a dermatological clinic in Mumbai, India.

Materials and Methods:

We evaluated anxiety, depression, stress, anger, body image, and relationships in 63 outpatients presenting with dermatological complaints. We used linear regression models for multivariate analyses for coefficient and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 37.4 (14.9) years; 30 (51%) were female and 31 (49%) were male. The common diagnoses were papulosquamous conditions (24%), acne (18%), hair fall (15%), pigmentary conditions (11%), pruritus (10%), and infection (8%). The mean anxiety (SD) score was highest in pigmentary conditions (11.6 [13.9]), depression (15.0 [5.0]) and posttraumatic stress scores (16.3 [25.6]) in pigmentary conditions, social phobia scores in allergy (21.8 [17.0]), and anger scores in acne (25.4 [6.3]). The mean (SD) family scores were lowest in pruritus (8.0 4.2]), body image in infection (3.6 [0.9]), and self-image in pigmentation (6.0 [2.3]). The mean social phobia scores were higher in allergy compared with acne (12.2, 95% CI: 1.6, 22.8, P = 0.02). Body image scores were lower in pruritus (−7.7, 95% CI: −14.5, −0.9, P = 0.03).

Conclusion:

The psychological parameters differ in various dermatological conditions; hence, a complete profile analysis will be beneficial for designing interventions in these patients.
Emergent Hysteroscopic Removal of Retained Products of Conception Following Laparoscopic Temporary Uterine Artery Ligation
Authors: Fujimoto Akihisa , Okamura Asuka , Honda Michiko , Tsuchiya Hiroko , Matsuyama Reiko , Nishii Osamu
Published: October 2024

Here, we describe two cases of retained products of conception (RPOC) that were successfully managed with hysteroscopic resection after laparoscopic temporary uterine artery ligation. Both patients were diagnosed with RPOC after early miscarriages. Case 1 was urgently admitted due to massive bleeding and underwent surgery following a blood transfusion. After laparoscopic temporary bilateral uterine artery ligation, the mass was hysteroscopically removed, and the ligation was subsequently released. The patient subsequently achieved an ongoing pregnancy. Case 2 underwent semi-emergency surgery due to intermittent bleeding. Initially, hysteroscopic surgery was planned. However, bleeding resulted in poor visualization of the operative field, and laparoscopic surgery was performed. In many previous reports of RPOC with heavy bleeding, uterine artery embolization was performed. However, there are concerns regarding the effect of a long-term reduction in uterine blood flow on fertility. Our method is not expected to decrease fertility because the ischemic effect is very short.
Dramatic Improvement of Acute Fulminant Lymphocytic Myocarditis with Short-course Intravenous Pulse Corticosteroids: A Case Study
Authors: Elasfar Abdelfatah , Suliman Salma , Ahmad Al Hijji Mohammed , Badr Amr , Al-Bozom Issam , Patel Ashfaq
Published: October 2024

We report a 31-year-old patient with acute fulminant myocarditis, resulting in cardiogenic shock that necessitated mechanical circulatory support, who improved dramatically after treatment with intravenous (IV) pulse steroids. A coordinated multidisciplinary team was the key secret in the cure of this critical patient. In this case study, we focus on the role of IV pulse steroids in the treatment of fulminant lymphocytic myocarditis.
Dual-energy Computed Tomography in Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring
Authors: Abhijith S. , Jaseemudheen M. M.
Published: October 2024

Computed tomographic (CT) coronary artery angiography with calcium scoring is crucial in suspecting coronary artery disease (CAD). The routine protocol for CAD radiological investigation involves a precontrast series for calcium scoring and a postcontrast series for investigating structural changes in coronary arteries. This review intends to investigate the feasibility of virtual noncontrast images to replace the true noncontrast (TNC) images in coronary artery calcium scoring to decrease the radiation dose. The current review included articles found in the PubMed database. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for the further evaluation of the articles for inclusion criteria, 25 articles were finally shortlisted for the final review. It is found that the calcium score of coronary arteries estimated by virtual unenhanced images generated by dual-energy CT (DECT) is comparable with that of TNC images. The virtual unehncanced images has the potential to eliminate the need for the TNC series acquisition, thereby reducing the radiation dose. Especially, photon-counting detector-based DECT has excellent potential in the estimation of calcium scores and the reduction in radiation dose. In addition, contrast dose also can be significantly reduced, which is crucial in patients with renal insufficiency. In conclusion, using DECT for CAD investigations significantly reduces both radiation and contrast doses compared to conventional CT scans. This reduction is particularly crucial for patients who require repeated follow-up scans, as it enhances their safety and minimizes potential risks.
Utility of Cardiac Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Series
Authors: Bhasin Dinkar , Sharma Arun , Sharma Yash Paul , Singhal Manphool
Published: October 2024

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by abnormal thickening of the left ventricular myocardium. Apical HCM is a less common variant of HCM where the hypertrophy is limited to the apical segments and can be challenging to diagnose based on traditional echocardiography alone. Patients with HCM can present with exertional angina. We present a series of four different cases, where patients were advised computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography for the evaluation of coronary artery disease. While CT coronary angiography excluded obstructive coronary artery disease, a detailed evaluation of the retrospective electrocardiogram-gated CT coronary angiography data helped in establishing the diagnosis of apical HCM in these patients. We discuss the importance of a systematic analysis of cardiac CT for diagnosing HCM variants and highlight the utility of reconstructed static and cine CT images which are readily available from the data obtained during retrospective gated CT coronary angiography for diagnosing HCM.
A Case of Eosinophilic Infiltration of the Right Heart: Diagnostic and Management Considerations
Authors: Lodge Jeorghino , Brodison Adrian , Abushahba Galal
Published: October 2024

Loeffler first described “fibroplastic parietal endocarditis with blood eosinophilia” in 1936. This we now know refers to the most common cardiac manifestation of an uncommon condition, the so-called hypereosinophilic syndromes. This condition typically results in a restrictive cardiomyopathy affecting the left heart, but here, we present an unusual case of a 65-year-old woman with chronic hypereosinophilia of at least 2 years, who presented with right heart failure as a result of eosinophilic endomyocardial infiltration of her right ventricle. We explore the diagnostic pathway and look at the literature on management.