bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partisan polarization and resistance to elite messages: Results from survey experiments on social distancing
Authors: Bhanot Syon P. , Hopkins Daniel J.
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 compelled government officials in the U.S. and elsewhere to institute social distancing policies, shuttering much of the economy. At a time of low trust and high polarization, Americans may only support such disruptive policies when recommended by same-party politicians. A related concern is that some may resist advice from “elite” sources such as government officials or public health experts. We test these possibilities using novel data from two online surveys with embedded experiments conducted with approximately 2,000 Pennsylvania residents each, in spring 2020 (Study 1 in April and Study 2 in May-June). We uncover partisan differences in views on several coronavirus-related policies, which grew larger between surveys. Yet overall, Study 1 respondents report strong support for social distancing policies and high trust in medical experts. Moreover, an experiment in Study 1 finds no evidence of reduced support for social distancing policies when advocated by elites, broadly defined. A second experiment in Study 2 finds no backlash for a policy described as being backed by public health experts, but a cross-party decline in support for the same policy when backed by government officials. This suggests that, in polarized times, public health experts might be better advocates for collectively beneficial public policies during public health crises than government officials.
Compositional Features of John Steinbeck’s “A Russian Journal”
Authors: Dvoryashina Victoria Sergeevna
Published: August 2020

The study aims to identify compositional principles and techniques responsible for integrity of “A Russian Journal” as an example of the travelogue genre. The article presents an overview of opinions concerning correlation of journalistic, publicistic and artistic features of “A Russian Journal”, an interpretation of local and integrating compositional techniques. The research is novel in that it employs an analysis of compositional specifics as one of the means of artistry, which separates it from other works primarily focused on describing and interpreting the content of the text. As a result, it was found that “A Russian Journal” combines description of the events witnessed by Steinbeck in the USSR with the author’s assessment, which is achieved not only by openly expressing the writer’s standpoint but also by the means of transmitting implicit (artistic) meanings including use of the compositional frame technique.
Intermediality of Artistic World of the Novel “Gryll Grange” by Thomas Love Peacock: Principles of Theatre and Operetta
Authors: Lipnyagova Svetlana Gennadievna , Pudova Olga Alexandrovna
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to studying intermediality as a poetological category in the novel “Gryll Grange” (1861) by Thomas Love Peacock (1785-1866). It is shown that musicality combined with the dramatic element constitutes intermedial dominant of the novel. The paper aims to analyse representation of the categories “theatricality” and “musicality” in the novel’s poetics. The findings indicate that musical and theatrical codes, along with conventional novelistic techniques, contribute to forming a multi-level text structure, which allows considering T. L. Peacock’s novel as a meta-performance. Scientific originality of the study involves an intermedial analysis of the novel’s poetics.
“Aspiration to Glorify and Defend the Native Land”: Patriotism of Edward Thomas and Rupert Brooke
Authors: Talyzina Elena Viktorovna
Published: August 2020

The paper discusses the literary critic Jan Marsh’s opinion that the Georgian poet Rupert Brooke’s patriotic feelings are comparable with patriotic feelings of the British writer and literary critic Edward Thomas who became a poet during the First World War, and in both cases patriotic feelings were closely associated with the native nature. The article tries to answer the question whether Jan Marsh’s hypothesis is acceptable taking into account the fact that majority of literary critics consider Thomas a true patriot, whereas Brooke is labelled as a jingoist. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that both the poets are almost unknown in Russia and their creative work has not been previously investigated in this aspect. The conclusion is made that though the poets experienced similar emotions they expressed them in different ways.
Functional Specificity of Ekphrasis in R. D. Harris’s Novel “Lustrum”
Authors: Schemeleva Elena Borisovna
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to analysing functional specificity of the nature of sculptural ekphrasis in R. D. Harris’s novel “Lustrum”, whose object was the Venus de Milo’s statue. Scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that there are no studies related to analysing the functional nature of ekphrasis in R. D. Harris’s creative work both in the western and Russian literary criticism. In this respect, the aim of the study is to uncover the role played by the stylistic devices used by the author in the chosen ekphrastic description and determined in the course of the analysis. The attained results have shown that the statuary image of the Venice de Milo, adding to the historical portrait of Aurelia Cotta, reveals behavioural particularities of a woman’s image in the context of postmodernist prose poetics.
Toy in Literary Works of the XIX-XX Centuries
Authors: Podavylova Irina Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to reveal artistic features of a toy, to analyse its interpretations in literature. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher considers a toy’s functions in literature that undergoes a period of formation, self-identification and reinterpretation of traditional meanings. In the XIX-XX centuries, a toy acquires tragic features due to the loss of the traditional objective status associated with the theme of childhood and a child’s image. In the XIX-century literature, a toy is identified with a human being and the society, it emphasizes their mechanicalness and passivity. In the XX-century literature, with its apocalyptic atmosphere, a toy is endowed with free will, mostly evil will; it raises a revolt against its owner/creator. The analysis has allowed the researcher to identify a toy’s inherent characteristics manifested in literary works regardless of the writer’s nationality and individual style.
Common Features of Religious Vocabulary Functioning in Historical and Poetical Discourses
Authors: Levina Ella Mikhailovna , Proskurnina Lyudmila Vasil'evna , Yakimova Ekaterina Mikhailovna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to identify specificity of religious vocabulary functioning in historical fiction and poetical discourse. Religious vocabulary is considered as an element of text meaningful structure and as a stable system of the linguistic means representing the author’s world perception. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researchers for the first time describe functioning of this vocabulary stratum in regional poetry in comparison with historical fiction. The findings indicate that religious vocabulary possesses a meaningful and expressive potential, religious conceptions acquire universal or author’s original interpretation in literary text.
Syntactic Position of Object in the Abaza Language
Authors: Pazov Sergey Umarovich , Pazova Lilia Kashifovna
Published: August 2020

The study aims to identify the position of the direct and indirect object in a simple sentence of the Abaza language, in which grammatical relations of the subject, object and predicate are formed by using class-personal affixes determining a syntactic status of sentence members. Scientific originality of the paper lies in the fact that the authors describe all possible syntactic positions of the object in the Abaza language. The following conclusions are justified: 1) with a transitive predicative verb, the direct object precedes or follows the predicate, and the indirect object occupies a syntactic position between the subject and direct object; 2) with an intransitive predicative verb, the indirect object occupies a syntactic position between the subject and predicate; 3) a syntactic position of the object often depends on actual division of a sentence, rhyme. Such cases are also described in the article.
Derivation of Conjunctives Connecting Adverbial Clauses of Time in the Nakh Language
Authors: Tarieva Liliya Uvaisovna
Published: August 2020

The article examines conjunctives connecting adverbial clauses of time from the viewpoint of their motivation and position in a complex sentence. It is shown that in the Nakh language, adverbial clauses of time contain connectors historically associated with affixational morphemes or with synthetic means of form-building. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the analysis of connectors expressing temporal relations focuses on identifying their etymological specificity, it throws light on conjunction derivation process in the ergative Nakh-Dagestanian languages in general. For the first time the structure of a conjunctive word is considered from the viewpoint of functional specificity of words-morphemes, as well as synthetic means that historically evolved into a single lexeme capable of transforming into an auxiliary word. The research findings can be used to differentiate motivated and primary conjunctive words. The obtained results indicate that primary conjunctive words can be rightfully classified as the native Nakh words.
Grammatical Peculiarities of the German Phraseological Units as Indicator of Their Semantic and Structural Integrity
Authors: Briskina Elena Viktorovna
Published: August 2020

The article examines phraseological units of the modern German language from the viewpoint of their grammatical peculiarities. The research objective includes identifying grammatical similarities and differences between phraseological units of different structural-semantic types. Scientific originality of the study involves a comprehensive grammatical analysis of different types of the German phraseological units; their grammatical peculiarities are considered as an additional indicator of their semantic and structural integrity. The research findings are as follows: the author suggests a general classification of the German phraseological units taking into account their basic grammatical characteristics. The proposed classification can be used for further studies on functional peculiarities of the German phraseological units.
Anaphoric and Cataphoric Functions of Euphemisms (by the Material of the English and German Publicistic Texts)
Authors: Kutinova Elena Viktorovna
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the study is to determine to what degree euphemisms participate in formation of semantic unity of a text. It is rather important to study euphemisms using examples from two languages, thus making it possible to determine how active they are in both of them. Newspaper articles in English and German from such outlets as “The Guardian”, “Die Welt”, “Spiegel online” were used as research material. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that coherent functions of euphemisms are analysed for the first time, such functions of euphemisms as anaphoric and cataphoric are also studied. The attained results have shown that euphemisms are units that form semantic unity of a text and function in a publicistic text as anaphora and cataphora. The article is of interest for linguists, translators, teachers, as well as people learning a foreign language.
Concepts of Heaven and Their Representation in the German Medieval Literature
Authors: Panevina Irina Grigor'evna
Published: August 2020

The research aims to describe linguistic realisation of various concepts of heaven present in the culture of the European medieval period using written monuments of the German medieval literature. Scientific novelty of the study lies in employing the interdisciplinary approach to defining the notion of heaven as a cultural phenomenon of the epoch taking into account data of linguistics (cognitive linguistics in particular), literary criticism, culturology, history, religious studies. As a result of the research, certain trends in linguistic representation of the God’s Kingdom developed in the German medieval literature under the influence of religion are identified.
Poly-Interpretativeness of Biblicisms (by the Material of the English and Russian Languages)
Authors: Alexandrova Galina Nikolayevna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to identify how the conceptual component of meaning of the Russian and English Biblicisms determines further development of this meaning (broadening/narrowing, reinterpretation). Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author shows the interpretive potential of Biblicisms by concrete examples and introduces her own, expanded and clarified, definition of these linguistic units. The findings indicate that wide circulation of Biblicisms and ambivalence of their meanings contribute to full realization of their interpretive potential.
Lexico-Semantic Group “Personal Names” in Early Hieroglyphic Dictionaries “Cangjie Pian” and “Ji Jiu Pian”
Authors: Kravchuk Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: August 2020

The paper analyses two ancient hieroglyphic dictionaries - “Cangjie Pian” and “Ji Jiu Pian”. The author aims to reveal structural similarity of “Cangjie Pian”, “Ji Jiu Pian” hieroglyphic dictionaries and “Bai Jia Xing” name dictionary by the example of the lexico-semantic group “Personal Names”. The findings indicate that the mentioned dictionaries contain a minimum list of personal names. In “Ji Jiu Pian”, personal names are arranged in accordance with “Cangjie Pian” principles: they have a similar format, similar rhythmic pattern, similar content, and the logic of narration is also similar. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author for the first time reveals structural similarity of “Cangjie Pian” and “Ji Jiu Pian” dictionaries. “Cangjie Pian” played a significant role in development of the Chinese lexicography and written tradition, so the above mentioned conclusion is well-grounded.
Specifics of Translating Colouristic Vocabulary in O. Wilde’s Works into Russian
Authors: Andreeva Lyudmila Anatoljevna , Khudobina Olga Fedorovna , Avsankina Nikolina Nikolajevna
Published: August 2020

The study aims to identify translation methods and describe peculiarities of using transformations in translating colouristic vocabulary into Russian. The research is novel in that it is the first to determine specifics of translating colour terms using O. Wilde’s short stories and tales. As a result of the study, it is possible to conclude that the Russian texts mostly feature equivalent translations of colour terms. Nevertheless, differences in colour perception and language structures cause certain difficulties in translating colouristic vocabulary, which leads to using various transformations in order to achieve adequate translation (substitution, transposition, omission, addition).
Green Colour Symbolism in Phraseological Worldview: Comparative Aspect (by the Material of the Russian, English, German and Italian Languages)
Authors: Kulichenko Yulia Nikolaevna , Korolevskaya Ekaterina Mikhailovna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to reveal symbolic meaning of green colour in the Russian, English, German and Italian phraseology. The article provides a comparative study of the Russian, English, German and Italian phraseological units with the component - colour term “green”, which constitutes scientific originality of the research. The analysis of the linguistic material has allowed the authors to systematize and classify the Russian, English, German and Italian phraseological units with the component - colour term “green” and to describe their semantic meanings (nature and environment; love for plants; youth; freshness and liveliness; permission; negative emotions; jealousy/envy; fatigue/ill-being; money; fortune).
Buffoonery Theatre Genres in L. N. Tolstoy’s Artistic and Aesthetic Searches
Authors: Sizova Irina Igorevna
Published: August 2020

The paper considers representation of buffoonery theatre genres in L. N. Tolstoy’s artistic and aesthetic search. The article describes development of street performance, festival tradition, buffoonery in the second half of the XIX century, reveals specificity of their influence on the writer’s creative work. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher provides a comprehensive analysis of the problem, examines periodicals of that time, archival materials, refers to special literature on the history of theatre. The research findings are as follows: the author identifies objective causes of decay of this sphere of culture, shows that Tolstoy’s polemics was focused just on these issues, systematizes the writer’s notes on the problem.
Opposition “the Native - the Outsider” in the Russian and Czech Presidential Debate Discourse as Means to Develop Persuasive Strategy
Authors: Neiman Valentina Nikolayevna
Published: August 2020

The article considers the use of the persuasive strategy in the modern presidential debate discourse in Russia and Czechia. Scientific originality of the study involves application of a pragma-linguistic analysis to compare the Russian and Czech political discourse. The findings indicate that the political leaders of Russia and Czechia use the binary opposition “the native - the outsider” to exert manipulative influence on the audience. Inclusive “we” is used to emphasize the speaker does not separate himself from the society and shares aspirations of the people, and when the orator wants to distance himself from the “oppositional sector” he uses exclusive “we”.
Prospects of Using Content Analysis Programmes in Translation Practice
Authors: Ivanova Anna Mikhailovna , Soboleva Tatiana Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2020

The article describes electronic resources for digital processing of language data with regard to full texts and text fragments. The purpose of the study is to determine whether the results of a content analysis obtained using new technologies can be applied in translation practice and linguistic research. Scientific novelty of the work lies in analysing advantages and disadvantages of using different types of programmes for digital text processing in respect to translation. The attained results reveal a considerable potential for using programmes for sentiment analysis, phonosemantic analysis and semantic analysis in translation but their applicability depends on the genre and length of the translated text.
Non-Linguistic Students’ Interferential Mistakes When Translating English-Language Texts of Juridical Subject Area
Authors: Kaurova Elena Mikhailovna , Chepak Ol'ga Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to identify and systematize non-linguistic students’ interferential mistakes when translating the English-language texts of juridical subject area. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the authors provide a comprehensive analysis of students’ translation mistakes and suggest an interdisciplinary approach to the problem of linguistic interference in the process of a bilingual linguistic personality formation. The research findings are as follows: the authors propose a classification of the most frequent translation mistakes, identify their causes and highlight methodology to develop students’ bilingual skills so as to reduce linguistic interference and, consequently, frequency of translation mistakes.
Linguo-Didactic Potential of the Modern English-Language Small Prose (B1-C1 Levels)
Authors: Erokhina Aleksandra Borisovna
Published: August 2020

The article considers specificity of using authentic literary texts in foreign language teaching. The research objective includes analysing the linguo-didactic potential of the modern English-language small prose as educational material used for teaching foreign language reading to B1-C1 students and within the framework of an integrated English lesson. Scientific originality of the paper lies in the fact that stories of the modern English-speaking authors Sh. Alexie, M. Atwood, K. Liu, J. Nyíri, A. Smith et al. are for the first time analysed in the linguo-didactic aspect; their didactic value is justified taking into account lexical, stylistic and linguo-culturological filling. The research findings are as follows: the author proves efficiency of using modern English-language short stories to form students’ linguistic, communicative and sociocultural competencies.
Taking into Account Semantic Peculiarities of English Verbs of Thinking When Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language
Authors: Zubova Ol'ga Vladimirovna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to identify semantic peculiarities of English verbs of thinking, to reveal a methodological potential of the author’s techniques when teaching Russian as a foreign language. The article proposes a classification of Russian verbs of thinking considering the level of difficulty of their acquisition by English-speaking students, justifies efficiency of the suggested vocabulary teaching techniques. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author identifies the basic difficulties experienced by English-speaking students when studying Russian verbs of thinking and develops techniques to introduce this group of verbs to English-speaking students. The research findings are as follows: the main differences between the Russian and English linguistic worldviews are revealed; the experiment results justify efficiency of the proposed methodology when forming foreign students’ Russian-language lexical competence.
Man-Nature Interaction in V. N. Fyodorov’s Novella “Citizen № 1 of the Forever Gone Town”
Authors: Yefimova Alevtina Vladimirovna
Published: August 2020

The study aims to identify peculiarities of interaction between a man and his environment basing on an analysis of V. N. Fyodorov’s novella “Citizen № 1 of the Forever Gone Town”. The article considers the genre singularity and structure of the work, the principle of co-operation adopted by the characters as a condition for their existence, the role and description of nature and the characters’ traditional way of living. Scientific novelty of the research lies in summarising results of the analysis of interaction between a man and nature in V. N. Fyodorov’s novella “Citizen № 1 of the Forever Gone Town”. As a result of the analysis, peculiarities of shaping a man’s behaviour in conformity with nature are identified.
Oral Poetical Tradition in Grigory Chinkov’s Artistic Creative Work
Authors: Ivanova Elvira Vasilyevna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to identify the role of the oral poetical tradition in Grigory Chinkov’s artistic creative work at the early stage of the Evenk literature formation. The article examines Chinkov’s poetical work “Sulakichan” (1940), which has not been previously investigated in domestic literary criticism. Scientific originality of the study involves justification of the proposed hypothesis that the newly written Evenk literature of the beginning of the XX century developed on the basis of folkloric traditions. The conclusion is made that the creative approach to interpreting the Evenk myths, legends and songs allowed Grigory Chinkov to create an original poetical work in his native language.
Modernity I (Early ХХ Century) - Artwork Directions
Authors: Demchenko Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: August 2020

В рубрике От главного редактора продолжается публикация большой серии художественно-исторических эссе, в которых последовательно рассматриваются крупнейшие эпохи. Эти обзоры призваны наметить панораму эволюции человечества в призме реалий всех видов искусства с выходом на онтологические обобщения. В предыдущих эссе были рассмотрены Древний мир, Античность, Средневековье, Возрождение, Барокко, Просвещение, Романтизм, Постромантизм.
Mass Anti-Catholic Protests of 1688: Revolutionary Excesses or Struggle with Counter-Revolution in England?
Authors: Sidorenko Leonid Vladimirovich
Published: August 2020

The article traces origins of mass anti-Catholic protests of 1688-1689 (the so-called Glorious Revolution) and tries to answer the question whether it was struggle with counter-revolution or merely revolutionary excess. Relying on an analysis of the English-language historiography and authentic sources, the author examines essence of the Glorious Revolution, considers genesis and manifestations of anti-Catholicism in England, the role of William of Orange as a defender of Protestantism. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that religious confrontation between Protestants and Catholics is considered from the viewpoint of its role in balancing revolutionary and anti-revolutionary forces. The following conclusions are justified: anti-Catholic protests of 1688 should be looked upon as excesses, reaction of the population stuffed with religious propaganda; nevertheless, these protests, taking into account the time and place, political goals, became an important element of struggle with potential counter-revolution, a form of protection of Protestant values as dominant ideology of the Glorious Revolution.
China’s Influence on the Course of the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905
Authors: Kutsenko Boris Olegovich
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to identify the forms and level of the Chinese involvement in the Russian-Japanese war of 1904-1905. The article considers the issue of the Bogdyhan Empire’s political, military and economic assistance to Japan and analyses changes in China’s political course conditioned by specificity of the military situation in Manchuria in 1904-1905. Scientific originality of the study involves analysing previously unpublished sources, which has allowed the author to reveal the level of the Chinese assistance to Japan and to identify changes in dynamics of the Chinese-Japanese cooperation in different periods of the Russian-Japanese war. The research findings are as follows: the basic factors that determined the Russian military strategy and tactics during the Russian-Japanese war are singled out.
Meaning of Suffering in the Orthodox Theology and the Russian Religious Philosophy
Authors: Orlov Mikhail Olegovich , Mochinskaya Kseniya Aleksandrovna , Toryanik Yulia Alekseevna
Published: August 2020

The paper considers the problem of suffering within the framework of the Eastern Orthodox theology and the Russian religious philosophy. Relying on the Orthodox exegetical studies and the Russian philosophers’ works, the article examines religious-moral and axiological aspects of suffering. Importance of suffering is identified. Scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that the authors analyse the chosen theological sources and the Russian philosophers’ works with a view to compare approaches to the problem of suffering in the Orthodox theology and the Russian religious philosophy. The research findings are as follows: the authors reveal similarities and differences of theological and religious-philosophical interpretations of ethical meaning of suffering.
“Event”: From Everyday Concept to Scientific Category
Authors: Ivanova Mariya Evgen'evna
Published: August 2020

Relying on a critical analysis of the existing publications on the eventfulness problem, the author tries to identify specificity of forming the categorial status of the term “event”. The article compares everyday meanings of “event” in some European languages, analyses philosophical meanings of this notion in A. Badiou’s and G. Deleuze’s works and in modern politological texts. Scientific originality of the study involves identifying specificity of the “event” concept evolution from an everyday notion to a scientific category. The research findings are as follows: the author proves that semantics of the “event” concept is closely associated with social projection.
Relevance of Studying Sociolinguistic Aspect of Old Age and Aging
Authors: Pashina Lyudmila Alexandrovna
Published: August 2020

The author tries to broaden socio-philosophical understanding of old age and aging actualizing the sociolinguistic approach to the problem. The article justifies relevance of studying elderly people’s communicative behaviour using the methodological apparatus of sociolinguistics of aging. Scientific originality of the paper lies in the fact that the researcher justifies the necessity to develop the sociolinguistic approach to the aging problem, which allows formation of a unified gerontological theory. The research findings are as follows: the author substantiates the provision that the geronto-linguistic approach promotes enrichment of socio-philosophical knowledge concerning old age and aging.
Scientific Dynasties Role in Sociocultural Development of a Region
Authors: Saprykina Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to identify the role of family values and dynasties’ scientific and intellectual potential in sociocultural development of a region. The phenomenon of scientific dynasties is considered as an example of inter-generational reproduction of sociocultural attitude, an individual’s socialization and adaptation. The author argues that the dynastic factor ensures continuity of generations in science development. Scientific originality of the study involves revealing a regional aspect of forming dynasties as a core of research teams. The findings are as follows: the author proves that scientific dynasties are a necessary human resource, which promotes growth of the scientific potential and ensures stability of regional scientific community.
New Age Network and Its Regional Representation in Modern Society
Authors: Khvastunova Julia Viktorovna
Published: August 2020

The article considers representation of the New Age philosophy in the digital society, examines transformation of the New Age network religiosity (online manifestation of “spirituality”, felicity). General tendencies are analysed by the example of spiritual practices in the Altai Republic. Scientific originality of the study involves identifying the basic features of the New Age network religiosity, which include dominance of author’s conceptions, occult elements and influence of the network on the New Age practices. The following conclusions are justified: the New Age network leaders are formed directly in the network, their beliefs are not associated with a spiritual adviser (lack of continuity). Spirituality becomes a means of network promotion using regional brands (in our case - neo-paganism and shamanism), or manifests itself as modern proselytism free of religious censorship - in both positive and negative sense.
Methodology to Define the Category “Motherland”
Authors: Chikaeva Tatiana Alexandrovna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to identify optimal methodology for defining the category “Motherland”. The article justifies relevance of this problem from scientific and practical viewpoints and suggests the author’s original approach to solving it. The researcher examines retrospective and current scientific-philosophical conceptions of Motherland, provides a logical-philosophical analysis of their strong and weak points. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author classifies the existing approaches to studying the category “Motherland” and provides their comprehensive analysis. The research findings are as follows: the author justifies reasonability of using the spiritual and moral approach to fully reveal the content of the notion “Motherland”.
Political Silence: Forms, Meaning, Ways of Inclusion in Political Speech
Authors: Popov Dmitry Vladimirovich
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to explicate figures of silence in relation to the political signifier in terms of philosophy, rhetoric, psychology and psychiatry. Silence - deliberate interruption of speech - means dissociation of the political. Speech, overcoming political dumbness, forms reciprocal relations, reconciling counteragents’ interests. In politics, speech correlates with complicated interrelatedness of social actors. The state development can be interpreted as triumph of speech over silence. Evolution from the proto-state through different forms of the natural non-transparent state towards the modern ideal of the transparent state justifies the necessity to recognize political silence, to articulate political interests and to find compromises. The author identifies figures of political silence, reveals meaning of political silence as a marker of a break in political continuity, and describes traditional ways to include political silence in political speech. Scientific originality of the study involves a comprehensive analysis of political silence within the framework of the philosophical-anthropological approach and on the basis of terminology, which has not been previously used in this research area. The findings are as follows: the author justifies the necessity to overcome political silence adopting conscious practices of conciliation of social actors’ interests.
Civil Service Examination System (Keju) in Imperial China
Authors: Shogenova Lyana Akhmedovna
Published: August 2020

The research objectives are as follows: to reveal philosophical foundations of the state administration system in Imperial China by the example of the civil service exam; to discover principles for choosing candidates for civil service positions requiring such qualities as competence, erudition and loyalty towards the ruling power. Scientific originality of the paper lies in the fact that the author suggests a comprehensive approach to studying the functioning and evolution of the civil service examination system (keju) and compares the traditional approach to civil servants appointment and present-day selection criteria. The study is based on works of domestic and foreign sinologists and has interdisciplinary nature. The research findings are as follows: the author identifies specificity of the Chinese state apparatus formation, reveals nature and principles of the Chinese power.
Buddhist Religious Cult as Autopoietic System
Authors: Krinskaia Zoia Andreevna
Published: August 2020

The article considers the Buddhist religious cult from the viewpoint of systems theory and autopoietic theory developed by the German sociologist N. Luhmann. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that for the first time in domestic religious studies the Buddhist doctrine is examined from the viewpoint of autopoietic theory. The autopoietic approach to studying the Buddhist religious cults allows tracing evolution of self-reproducing, self-referential systems and revealing new aspects of autopoietic theory itself. The paper provides examples of autopoietic evolution of the certain Buddhist religious cults. The research findings justify efficiency of the autopoietic approach to studying the Buddhist religious cult, which is considered as an autopoietic system that evolves and remains stable due to self-reference.
Folkloric Methods in Choral Miniatures from G. G. Vdovin’s Vocal-Choreographic Suite “Тейтерень Пия Кудо” (“Maiden House of Beer”)
Authors: Gulaya Tatyana Nikolaevna , Kinyakina Lyudmila Viktorovna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to identify the folkloric methods applied by the Mordovian composer G. G. Vdovin in choral miniatures from the vocal-choreographic suite “Тейтерень Пия Кудо” (“Maiden House of Beer”) created on the basis of the ancient Mordovian ritual performance. The study is based on the methodology developed by the Russian art critic L. P. Ivanova, who proposed the most complete classification of folkloric methods. Scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that the suite’s choral miniatures are analysed from the viewpoint of folkloric methods implementation. The conducted research allows identifying the following methods: interpretation, genre reconstruction, genre synthesis, genre transformation, using principles of folk musical thinking, creating authorial melodies for folklore texts.
Images of Wales in K. Jenkins’s Creative Work: On the Issue of Cultural Memory Constructing
Authors: Chereshniuk Irina Rafaelevna
Published: August 2020

The study aims to identify general patterns in K. Jenkins’s compositions related to the Welsh culture and history. Among them are “Over the Stone”, “In These Stones Horizons Sing”, “The Bards of Wales”, “Dewi Sant” and other pieces. The works are described chronologically, special attention is given to images-symbols implemented in them. The author analyses means of musical expressiveness, outlines musical and cultural traditions guiding the composer. The research is novel in that the listed works for the first time become a subject of study in the Russian science. As a result, it was found that, depicting images connected to his native land, the composer uses means of expressiveness peculiar to the Welsh music. They are combined with elements of musical styles belonging to various ethnic groups, historical periods, mainstream music, which is typical of the composer. The results of the conducted study can be used in further research on K. Jenkins’s creative work.
“Unique Monument” in Regional Architecture Study (by the Example of Vyatka Province Architectural Heritage)
Authors: Gildina Tatyana Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2020

The paper aims to reveal notional characteristics of a “unique monument” and to identify types of “uniqueness” by the example of church architecture of Vyatka province at the end of the XVIII - the beginning of the XX century. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author provides a comprehensive analysis of the existing views on the “uniqueness” category and identifies two types of architectural uniqueness of Vyatka province churches. The research findings are as follows: the author reveals “authorial uniqueness” and “regional uniqueness”, identifies their common and differential features, accentuates the problem of interpretation and emphasizes the necessity to develop a new methodological approach to studying architectural monuments taking into account regional specificity.
Northern Expedition of the Yakut Cryosolic Research Station Team of 1947-1948
Authors: Suleymanov Alexander Albertovich
Published: August 2020

The paper reconstructs the history of the first Arctic expedition of the Yakut Cryosolic Research Station team to the Lena river basin and the Laptev Sea coast and by the concrete example traces development of knowledge on permafrost soils. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that relying on previously unknown sources, the author reveals the basic activity trends of this expedition and identifies its scientific importance. The research findings are as follows: the author shows that the expedition gathered materials on the history of the areal formation, laid foundations for its geo-cryological study, developed appropriate research methodology.
O DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL AO TRABALHO E A EQUIDADE RACIAL E DE GÊNERO
Authors: Nunes Danilo Henrique , Silva Juvêncio Borges , Tomé Selma Cristina
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do presente trabalho é demonstrar que a efetivação da igualdade no âmbito das relações de trabalho é condição necessária para a concreção da garantia do direito fundamental ao trabalho. Para atingir tal objetivo considerou-se a relação capital/trabalho na atualidade, as desigualdades nas relações de trabalho, bem como a necessidade de se buscar a realização da justiça como redistribuição (econômica) e reconhecimento (cultural), dirimindo destarte qualquer forma de tratamento discriminatório. A relevância desse estudo possui caráter tanto cientifico-jurídico quanto social, uma vez que no Brasil este é um tema cuja discussão é totalmente necessária, bem como elaborar e implementar leis específicas sobre a discriminação no mercado de trabalho, além de práticas educativas orientadas pelos valores da dignidade e respeito à pessoa humana, independentemente de gênero, orientação sexual e raça/cor. Utilizou-se do método hipotético-dedutivo para obtenção das conclusões, destacando como referenciais teóricos Zigmunt Bauman e Nancy Fraser.
PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS PESSOAIS COMO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL NA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL BRASILEIRA DE 1988
Authors: Sarlet Ingo Wolfgang
Published: August 2020

A exemplo de outras ordens constitucionais, também a Constituição Federal brasileira de 1988 não contempla no seu texto um direito fundamental autônomo à proteção de dados pessoais, que, segundo expressiva literatura jurídica e mesmo algumas decisões jurisprudenciais, inclusive do Supremo Tribunal Federal, pode ser tido como implicitamente positivado. Todavia, especialmente na esfera jurisprudencial, várias questões relevantes e que dizem respeito ao conteúdo, dimensões subjetiva e objetiva, deveres de proteção conexos, titulares e destinatários, bem como o problema dos limites e restrições do direito à proteção de dados pessoais ainda carecem de maior desenvolvimento e refinamento. O que se busca no presente texto é justamente contribuir para o processo de construção de uma dogmática constitucionalmente adequada do direito à proteção de dados no Brasil.
Estado Social e Direitos Fundamentais Sociais na jurisprudência do Tribunal Constitucional Federal Alemão
Authors: Wallrabenstein Astrid
Published: August 2020

A República Federal da Alemanha, numa comparação internacional, é orientada sob a perspectiva de um Estado Social ou Welfare state que, particularmente, à luz da tradição jurídica anglo-americana, é deveras social e pouco liberal. Essa perspectiva também é confirmada na jurisprudência do Tribunal Constitucional Federal Alemão (doravante, TCFA). No entanto, por meio da análise desse texto, mostrar-se-á que "o princípio do Estado Social", geralmente considerado com fundamento no artigo 20, I e no artigo 28, II da Lei Fundamental como princípio constitucional, é usado pelo TCFA em uma medida muito menor do que provavelmente era esperado quando a Lei Fundametal foi criada. O argumento é topológico, ou seja, analisa-se tal conceito sobre com base na localização no texto constitucional (Argumentationstopos). Na verdade, o TCFA confirmou que “o princípio do Estado Social” também é um princípio juridico-constitucional, mas dele não exsurge um conteúdo específico, deixando-se, assim, a concretização do seu conteúdo para o legislador infraconstitucional (veja A). Entretanto, isso não impediu que a jurisprudência sobre as dimensões sociais dos direitos fundamentais tivesse grande importância para o desenvolvimento do Estado Social da República Federal alemã. A construção dogmática de uma ordem objetiva de valores e a tendência de se evitar o uso do termo "social", privilegiando-se as noções de participação, proteção ou dimensão dos direitos fundamentais, fez com que essas últimas se tornassem um componente central da dogmática dos direitos fundamentais. Assim, a falta de um catálogo de direitos fundamentais sociais na Lei Fundamental alemã - que, diga-se de passagem, costuma ser enfatizada na comparação internacional - numa perspectiva formal está correta. Por outro lado, numa perspectiva material, é possível afirmar que na jurisprudência do TCFA se encontra desenvolvida o que se poderia chamar de uma dimensão social em matéria de direitos fundamentais. No entanto, a esperança ou o medo (dependendo da perspectiva) de que os cidadãos se amparar nessa dimensão social extraída da Lei Fundamental pelo TCFA, de modo a obter benefícios deveras abrangentes, com o fundamento da proteção dos direitos fundamentais, é algo injustificável (veja B).
Growth and minituber yield response of potato plantlets in micropropagation to different plant spacing under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Gul Zishan , Qureshi Faizan , Jamal Zafar
Published: August 2020

The present research work was conducted to find out the most suitable inter and intra spacing for Greenhouse transplantation of in vitro grown potato plantlets in peat moss soil in order to get maximum seed potato yield. There were nine different combinations of inter and intra row spacing (30x15, 30x10, 10x15, 20x5, 30x5, 10x5, 20x15, 10x10, 20x10cm) in completely randomized design. Regarding vegetative growth, maximum plant height i.e 59.01 cm, 58.92 cm, 57.01 cm was observed at 30cmx5cm, 20cmx5cm, and 10cmx5cm, respectively. Greater number of minitubers in each tuber category i.e. large, medium and small were obtained at greater inter and intra plant spacing , whereas the maximum average tubers yield per plant (165.0g) were recorded at spacing of 30cm x15cm followed by the spacing 20cm x10cm where the average yield per plant was 145.38g. It was concluded that the plant spacing of 30x15cm is the best for potato plantlets transplantation in the greenhouse benches in order to get maximum minituber yield.
ACUTE CUTANEOUS TOXICITY AND IRRITANT EFFECTS OF IVERMECTIN FOR EXTERNAL USE IN WHITE RATS
Authors: Emelyanova  , Shumakovich
Published: August 2020

In All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Centre VIEV" a prototype of a new drug form of Ivermectin was developed for cutaneous use against endo- and ectoparasites. The dosage form is a transparent solution for application to the skin with an Ivermectin content of 0.5%. For the experiment, 18 white male rats weighing 180-200 g were selected, which were divided into 2 experimental and one control group of 6 heads each. The coat of all animals was shaved on the back with an area of about 5x5 cm. The drug was applied at doses of 5 000 and 10 000 mg / kg, the control group did not receive the drug. The LD50 of the Ivermectin dosage form is more than 10 000 mg / kg, according to GOST 12.1.007-76 the drug belongs to the 4th class of danger when applied to the skin. The drug does not have an irritating effect when applied once to intact rat skin.
BIODIVERSITY OF GOAT HELMINTHS IN THE LOWLANDS OF DAGESTAN
Authors: Zubairova  , Ataev  , Karsakov  , Ataeva  , Azizova
Published: August 2020

Goats are invaded in the lowlands of Dagestan by 47 species of helminths, where representatives of the suborder Strongylata Railliet et Henry, 1913 are dominated, of these, the largest number of species (26) are taxa of the family Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1912.
The extensity of invasion (EI) – 2.1–68.8%, the invasion intensity (II) – 1–2340 specimen. In total, the goats were infested up to 87.7%, with an infestation intensity of 1–2340 copies. The maximum of EI values to 14.2 – 68.8% were observed in F. hepatica, F. gigantica, D. lanceatum, M. expansa, M. benedeni, E. granulosus, T. hydatigena (I), S. pappilosus, Ch. ovina, B. trigonocephalum, species Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, H. contortus, D. filaria, G. pulchrum with II 14–2340 specimen. Goats are poorly infected paramphistomum, coliform, thysaniezia, avitellina, canorus, esophagostomy, types ostertag, of cooperia, some species of Nematodirus – N. abnormalis, N. dogeli, N. andreevi, protostrongylus, cystocaulus, mullerius, trichocephalus. In general, helminth biodiversity is represented by typical sheep species in this region.
DEVELOPMENT OF APPROACHES TO BIOTECHNOLOGICAL OBTAINING VACCINES FOR PREVENTION OF TISSUE HELMINTOSIS IN LIVE-STOCK ANIMALS
Authors: Karagiaur  , Uspensky  , Abramov Vladislav , Arkhipov  , Abramov Sergei , Balyshev
Published: August 2020

Tissue helminthiases, in particular, cystic echinococcosis and hydatidosis, coenurosis, trichinosis, etc. are a serious problem in places of intensive development of animal husbandry and agricultural production in many countries of the world. The existing system for the prevention of larval cestodoses is based on the implementation of veterinary-sanitary, therapeutic and organizational-economic measures. However, the level of livestock farming, especially in the individual sector, does not allow them to be fully implemented. In this regard, the development and implementation of protective drugs based on recombinant proteins is gaining important veterinary and health care value. For this purpose, in this work, a brief analysis of the prospects for the creation of antiparasitic vaccines using the expression system of recombinant proteins based on the yeast Pichia pastoris, allowing modification of expressed proteins and their secretion, was given. This approach provides the sufficient amount of relatively inexpensive recombinant protein.