bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel All-Weather Method to Determine Deflection of the Vertical by Combining 3D Laser Tracking Free-Fall and Multi-GNSS Baselines
Authors: Jin Xin , Liu Xin , Guo Jinyun , Zhou Maosheng , Wu Kezhi
Published: August 2022

The bright stars in the clear night sky with weak background lights should be observed in the traditional deflection of the vertical (DOV) measurement so that the DOV cannot be observed under all-weather conditions, which limits its wide applications. An all-weather DOV measurement method combining three-dimensional (3D) laser tracking free-fall and multi-GNSS baselines is proposed in this paper. In a vacuum environment, the 3D laser tracking technique is used to continuously track and observe the motion of free-fall with high frequency and precision for obtaining 3D coordinate series. The plumb line vector equation is established to solve the gravity direction vector in the coordinate system of the laser tracker at the measuring point using least squares fitting coordinate series. Multi-GNSS observations are solved for obtaining the precise geodetic cartesian coordinates of the measuring point and GNSS baseline information. A direction transformation method based on the baseline information proposed in this paper is used to convert the gravitational direction vector in the laser tracker coordinate system into the geodetic cartesian coordinate system. The geodetic cartesian coordinates of the measuring point are used to calculate the ellipsoid normal vector, and the angle between this and the gravity direction vector in the geodetic cartesian coordinate system is estimated to obtain the astrogeodetic DOV. The DOV is projected to the meridian and prime vertical planes to obtain the meridian and prime vertical components of the DOV, respectively. The astronomical latitude and longitude of the measuring point are calculated from these two components. The simulation experiments were carried out using the proposed method, and it was found that the theoretical precision of the DOV measured by the method could reach 0.2″, which could realise all-weather observation.
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Urban Rain Islands in China under the Conditions of Urbanization and Climate Change
Authors: Luo Zhuoran , Liu Jiahong , Zhang Shanghong , Shao Weiwei , Zhou Jinjun , Zhang Li , Jia Ruitao
Published: August 2022

Precipitation is a critical factor affecting regional water cycles, water ecology, and socioeconomic development. Monthly precipitation, water vapor pressure, and temperature datasets from 613 meteorological stations across China were used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of urban rain island effects at the national scale during periods of slow (1960–1969) and accelerated (2010–2019) urbanization. The combined effects of artificial water dissipation and heat islands on urban precipitation were a key focus of this study. The results showed that rain island effects (0–31.6 mm/month) were primarily distributed along the southeast coast (dominated by the heat island effect) and northwest inland region (dominated by artificial water dissipation). During winter, the relative contribution of artificial water dissipation was higher in urban areas, and the rain island effect was more apparent than in the summer. Comparisons of precipitation prior to and following large-scale urbanization showed that precipitation and rain island intensity along the southeast coast and northwest inland region increased by 0–28 and 0–28.6 mm/month, respectively. These findings indicate that artificial water dissipation is an important water vapor source for urban precipitation, particularly during winter months.
A Probability-Based Models Ranking Approach: An Alternative Method of Machine-Learning Model Performance Assessment
Authors: Gajda Stanisław , Chlebus Marcin
Published: August 2022

Performance measures are crucial in selecting the best machine learning model for a given problem. Estimating classical model performance measures by subsampling methods like bagging or cross-validation has several weaknesses. The most important ones are the inability to test the significance of the difference, and the lack of interpretability. Recently proposed Elo-based Predictive Power (EPP)—a meta-measure of machine learning model performance, is an attempt to address these weaknesses. However, the EPP is based on wrong assumptions, so its estimates may not be correct. This paper introduces the Probability-based Ranking Model Approach (PMRA), which is a modified EPP approach with a correction that makes its estimates more reliable. PMRA is based on the calculation of the probability that one model achieves a better result than another one, using the Mixed Effects Logistic Regression model. The empirical analysis was carried out on a real mortgage credits dataset. The analysis included a comparison of how the PMRA and state-of-the-art k-fold cross-validation ranked the 49 machine learning models, an example application of a novel method in hyperparameters tuning problem, and a comparison of PMRA and EPP indications. PMRA gives the opportunity to compare a newly developed algorithm to state-of-the-art algorithms based on statistical criteria. It is the solution to select the best hyperparameters configuration and to formulate criteria for the continuation of the hyperparameters space search.
Detection of Tram Wheel Faults Using MEMS-Based Sensors
Authors: Jelila Yohanis Dabesa , Pamuła Wiesław
Published: August 2022

Micro-electromechanical-systems (MEMS) based sensors are used for monitoring the state of machines in condition-based maintenance tasks. This approach is applied at tram depots for the purpose of identifying faulty wheels on trams in order to eliminate defective trams at the entry or dispatch gates. The application of MEMS-based sensors for the detection of wheel faults is the focus of this study. A method for processing of the collected sensor data is developed. It is based on assessing the energy of vibrations at different frequency bands. Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Packet Transform (MODWPT) is used for obtaining a description of the sensor data. The task of finding the energy threshold for detecting faulty wheels, frequency band and parameters of MODWPT which most distinctly distinguish the wheels is the goal of the method. The weighted difference (DW) between the extreme values of energy in a frequency band for normal and faulty wheels is proposed as the measure of the ability to distinguish the wheels. The search for the solution is formulated as a discrete optimisation problem of maximising this measure. Both the simulation and experimental results indicate that faulty wheels have greater vibration energy than normal wheels. The properties of this approach are discussed and evaluated.
Analysis of NEV Power Battery Recycling under Different Government Reward-Penalty Mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Zhenfang , Guo Min , Yang Wei
Published: August 2022

As a valuable reuse resource, the efficient recycling of retired power batteries is of great significance to the sustainable development of the new energy vehicle (NEV) industry. With the arrival of the NEV power battery decommissioning tide in China, how the government promotes the relevant responsible subject to improve the recovery rate is becoming urgent. Current studies have not considered the policy role of a government reward-penalty mechanism (RPM) in power battery recycling. Therefore, based on the extended producer responsibility (EPR) system, this paper constructs three models under the government RPM: the government implements the RPM only for vehicle enterprises; the government implements the RPM only for power battery manufacturers, and the government implements the RPM for both vehicle enterprises and power battery manufacturers. The results of the study show that: on the one hand, when the government implements the RPM only for vehicle enterprises, the recovery rate is the highest, and the total profit of the closed-loop supply chain is also the highest. Therefore, it is suggested that the government should set a target recycling rate according to the actual situation of each region and implement the RPM only for vehicle enterprises. On the other hand: when the government implements the RPM only for vehicle enterprises, they can implement the strategy of small profit and quick turnover to improve the recovery rate and their own profits. When the government implements the RPM only for power battery manufacturers, they should adopt the strategy of reducing the wholesale price of power battery to increase their profits by increasing sales. When the government implements the RPM for both vehicle enterprises and power battery manufacturers, if the vehicle enterprises share a large responsibility, all members of the closed-loop supply chain can benefit from the RPM.
Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI in the Abdomen of Mice with High Temporal and Spatial Resolution Using Stack-of-Stars Sampling and KWIC Reconstruction
Authors: Pickup Stephen , Romanello Miguel , Gupta Mamta , Song Hee , Zhou Rong
Published: August 2022

Application of quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI in mouse models of abdominal cancer is challenging due to the effects of RF inhomogeneity, image corruption from rapid respiratory motion and the need for high spatial and temporal resolutions. Here we demonstrate a DCE protocol optimized for such applications. The method consists of three acquisitions: (1) actual flip-angle B1 mapping, (2) variable flip-angle T1 mapping and (3) acquisition of the DCE series using a motion-robust radial strategy with k-space weighted image contrast (KWIC) reconstruction. All three acquisitions employ spoiled radial imaging with stack-of-stars sampling (SoS) and golden-angle increments between the views. This scheme is shown to minimize artifacts due to respiratory motion while simultaneously facilitating view-sharing image reconstruction for the dynamic series. The method is demonstrated in a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and yielded mean perfusion parameters of Ktrans = 0.23 ± 0.14 min−1 and ve = 0.31 ± 0.17 (n = 22) over a wide range of tumor sizes. The SoS-sampled DCE method is shown to produce artifact-free images with good SNR leading to robust estimation of DCE parameters.
Serological Investigation and Epidemiological Analysis of Bovine Leptospirosis in Egypt
Authors: Ibrahim Nermin Awade , Alrashdi Barakat M. , Elnaker Yasser Fathi , Elmahallawy Ehab Kotb , Alblihed Mohamed A. , Daib Mohamed said , Abd Elmoety Amany M. , Abo Elfadl Eman A. , Badawy Basma M. , Elbaz Elzahara
Published: August 2022

Bovine leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease of worldwide distribution. Little information is available regarding the occurrence of the disease in the Nile Delta provinces, Egypt. The present study investigated the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among cattle from Dakahlia province, Northern Egypt, and identified the individual variables factors associated with infection. To this end, a total of 600 serum samples from cattle of small stakeholders with various clinical manifestations possibly associated with leptospirosis were collected from different localities across Dakahlia province, Egypt. Sera were examined serologically via ELISA to investigate the occurrence of the disease among animals. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the association between hypothesized risk factors and the disease. Interestingly, our findings showed that 39.33% of the examined sera were positive for Leptospira antibodies, with significant differences among different localities. In addition, statistical analysis showed significant differences among age groups. Notably, the highest prevalence rate (22%) was observed in those aged between 3 and 5 years (p < 0.0001), whereas the lowest prevalence (2.66%) was reported in cattle <1 year old (p < 0.0001). Moreover, females had a significantly higher prevalence rate (35.33%) than males (4%) (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, our results showed significant differences in the occurrence of infection and reported clinical signs (p < 0.0001). Multivariable logistic regression identified repeated breeder and drop milk yield as the best predictors for prediction of ELISA results and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model showed that overall classification accuracy of ELISA result using clinical signs and demographic data as predictors was 70.7%. The current study concluded a relative high prevalence of leptospirosis among cows bred in movable herds and households in the studied area and that age, repeated breeder and drop milk yield can be considered major risk factors associated with infection.
Constraints on the Duration of Inflation from Entanglement Entropy Bounds
Authors: Brahma Suddhasattwa
Published: August 2022

Using the fact that we only observe those modes that exit the Hubble horizon during inflation, one can calculate the entanglement entropy of such long-wavelength perturbations by tracing out the unobservable sub-Hubble fluctuations they are coupled with. On requiring that this perturbative entanglement entropy, which increases with time, obey the covariant entropy bound for an accelerating background, we find an upper bound on the duration of inflation. This presents a new perspective on the (meta-)stability of de Sitter spacetime and an associated lifetime for it.
Parametric Analysis of Rainfall-Induced Loess Soil Slope Due to the Rainwater Infiltration
Authors: Liu Yang , Tian Gang , Wang Shijun , Satyanaga Alfrendo , Zhai Qian
Published: August 2022

Hydraulic properties (such as soil–water characteristic curves (SWCC) and hydraulic conductivity function (HCF)) play an important role in evaluating the stability of unsaturated soil slopes. Loess soils are widely distributed in Gansu Province in China, and most of them are in unsaturated conditions due to the deep groundwater table (G.W.T). In this study, twenty-eight sets of data published in the literature were analyzed to develop the upper and lower bounds of the SWCC for loess soil in Gansu. The variation of HCF for the loess soil was estimated from the upper and lower bounds curve developed in this study. Subsequently, numerical analyses incorporating scenarios considering different SWCCs, HCFs, and rainfall conditions were conducted for investigating the effects of those factors on the rainfall-induced slope stability. The results of analyses indicate that the infiltration plays an important role in the rainfall-induced slope stability. Higher permeable soil leads to a larger infiltration amount, which, in turn, results in a lower safety factor. In addition, the effect of the hydraulic property on the rainfall-induced slope stability decreases with the increase in slope angle.
Metagenomic Characterization and Volatile Compounds Determination in Rumen from Saanen Goat Kids Fed Olive Leaves
Authors: Bennato Francesca , Martino Camillo , Di Domenico Marco , Ianni Andrea , Chai Benli , Di Marcantonio Lisa , Cammà Cesare , Martino Giuseppe
Published: August 2022

The accumulation and disposal of by-products deriving from the agro-food industry represents a problem both from an economic and environmental point of view. The use of these matrices in zootechnical nutrition could represent a feasible solution. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of a diet containing olive leaves (OL), a by-product of the olive industry, on the ruminal microbial community of Saanen goat kids and on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced during the digestion. Twenty goat kids were randomly divided into two groups of ten goat kids each. The control group (CTR) was fed with a standard diet, while the experimental group (OL+) received a custom-formulated diet containing 10 % OL on a dry matter (DM) basis. After 30 days of trial, genomic DNA was extracted from the rumen liquor and prepared for 16S rRNA-gene sequencing to characterize the rumen microbiota; furthermore, rumen VOCs were also characterized by solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The Shannon’s alpha index was not significantly different between the two groups, on the contrary, Bray-Curtis (p < 0.01) and Jaccard (p < 0.01) distances evidenced that feed affected microbial community. Eleven genera were influenced by OL supplementation, with a significant increase (p < 0.05) in Paludibacter, Fibrobacter, Sphaerochaeta Christensenella, Rikenella, Oligosphaera, Candidatus Endomicrobium, Anaerovorax, and Atopobium was observed, while the percentages of Bacteroides and Selenomonas were reduced (p < 0.05). Differences were also observed between the two groups at the family level (p < 0.004). Fibrobacteriaceae, Christensenellaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, Oligosphaeraceae, Candidatus Endomicrobium, and Planctomycetaceae were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in goat kids fed OL diet compared to CTR, while the levels of other identified families, Succinivibrionaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae, were opposite (p < 0.05). Finally, results showed that the main phyla in both groups were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes; however, no significant differences in the relative abundance of any phyla were observed between the two groups. In addition to what has been reported, the analysis of VOCs at the rumen level showed the ability of the OL integration to induce an increase in hexanoic acid and a parallel decrease in decanal. Furthermore, only in OL+ samples there was the accumulation of α-terpineol to which a wide range of interesting biological properties is attributed. The presence of VOCs associated with health status suggests a favorable role of OL in preserving and improving animal welfare.
A Near-Field Area Object Detection Method for Intelligent Vehicles Based on Multi-Sensor Information Fusion
Authors: Xiao Yanqiu , Yin Shiao , Cui Guangzhen , Yao Lei , Fang Zhanpeng , Zhang Weili
Published: August 2022

In order to solve the difficulty for intelligent vehicles in detecting near-field targets, this paper proposes a near-field object detection method based on multi-sensor information fusion. Firstly, the F-CenterFusion method is proposed to fuse the information from LiDAR, millimeter wave (mmWave) radar, and camera to fully obtain target state information in the near-field area. Secondly, multi-attention modules are constructed in the image and point cloud feature extraction networks, respectively, to locate the targets’ class-dependent features and suppress the expression of useless information. Then, the dynamic connection mechanism is used to fuse image and point cloud information to enhance feature expression capabilities. The fusion results are input into the predictive inference head network to obtain target attributes, locations, and other data. This method is verified by the nuScenes dataset. Compared with the CenterFusion method using mmWave radar and camera fusion information, the NDS and mAP values of our method are improved by 5.1% and 10.9%, respectively, and the average accuracy score of multi-class detection is improved by 22.7%. The experimental results show that the proposed method can enable intelligent vehicles to realize near-field target detection with high accuracy and strong robustness.
Los estereotipos de género y el trabajo secretarial en las instituciones públicas
Authors: Benitez Burgos Geoconda , García Vélez José Alfredo , Loor Tomalá Melisa Maricela
Published: August 2022

Hoy en día, las adscripciones de género siguen siendo indiscutibles. La masculinidad y la feminidad con sus implicaciones gobiernan, aún, la cotidianidad, las relaciones sociales y el mundo económico, incluido el trabajo. Esta investigación de metodología cualitativa analiza la influencia de los estereotipos de género en el desempeño de una actividad profesional altamente feminizada. Concretamente y mediante el uso de la entrevista, se determina que el género sigue ejerciendo una fuerte influencia en el ejercicio del área secretarial, puesto que, como es tradición, las mujeres son quienes mayoritariamente desempeñan esta ocupación. Sin embargo, la información revela que la leve presencia masculina responde a que este profesional de secretariado cuenta con formación en otros campos que le permiten ejercer una labor especializada. Es decir, combina estudios en Derecho, Ingeniería y Economía, con el conocimiento y las competencias propias del área secretarial. Ello le ha permitido acceder a un campo profesional que en el último siglo le había sido ajeno. Se puede señalar, que en el sector hay una tendencia de presencia masculina con estudios estrechamente vinculados a la naturaleza de la institución pública en la que se trabaja y en el que las funciones secretariales aparecen como complementarias.
Gestión del patrimonio cultural y natural desde los telecentros en mayabeque
Authors: Brito Montero Aimara , Ortega Pujol Yenisei , Díaz Hernández Yodalmis
Published: August 2022

La necesidad de visualizar la relación entre la triada gestión, patrimonio y telecentros en Mayabeque es ineludible si se parte de que a lo largo de la historia no fue lo suficientemente gestionada desde la otrora Habana.   Avanzar en cuanto a la conservación y salvaguarda de los bienes heredados es una responsabilidad de cada uno de los actores sociales en la provincia. Asimismo, la promoción y divulgación de cada uno de los bienes patrimoniales culturales y naturales forma parte del objeto social que poseen los telecentros en la provincia de Mayabeque. En este sentido, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo valorar la gestión en torno al patrimonio cultural y natural desde los telecentros en Mayabeque. Se han hecho indispensables para el estudio diversos métodos y procedimientos en el orden empírico y teórico, que posibilitaron el éxito de la misma. De manera general se realiza un abordaje teórico sobre las variables gestión, patrimonio cultural y natural y telecentros. Igualmente, se ofrece el análisis y discusión de las encuestas aplicadas a especialistas e instituciones como Telemayabeque, Telemar y Güines TV, pertenecientes a los municipios de San José de las Lajas, Santa Cruz del Norte y Güines respectivamente.
El rol del bibliotecario en la educación general básica. Análisis de la unidad educativa Olmedo de Portoviejo.
Authors: Cobacango Villavicencio Jenny Gissella , Laz Cevallos Valeria
Published: August 2022

El bibliotecario escolar es un profesional que debe actualizarse permanentemente en temas de didáctica, pedagogía y literatura infantil y juvenil. Por ello debe estar al tanto de los diseños curriculares. Además de su trabajo específico en la biblioteca, tiene a su cargo un trabajo institucional como mediador de lectura, como puente entre los libros de la biblioteca y los docentes, entre los libros y los niños. Como colaborador en proyectos áulicos su misión es acompañar a docentes que solicitan su asistencia. De esta forma se convierte en un partícipe activo en el desarrollo de las grandes líneas de acción de la Educación General Básica. De acuerdo con ello, el trabajo que se presenta a continuación pretende indagar en el fomento de la lectura y su comprensión en los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Olmedo de Portoviejo, en el uso que estos alumnos hacen de la biblioteca y en los servicios prestados por los bibliotecarios a esta comunidad educativa.
Análisis bibliométrico de la literatura científica publicada en la revista La Técnica (2010-2016)
Authors: Quindemil Torrijo Eneida María , Cedeño Espinoza Ricardo David
Published: August 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la producción científica de la revista La Técnica, desde su aparición (2010) hasta el último número del año 2016. Esta revista, como fuente de información, constituyó, en sus inicios, un canal de difusión académico e investigativo, promoviendo el debate en torno a la docencia universitaria entre los docentes de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí, abarcando todas las áreas de conocimiento. En las postrimerías del año 2014, hasta la actualidad, se decide que el cubrimiento temático de la revista sea solo de las Ciencias Agropecuarias. Este estudio es de tipo descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo, haciendo uso de indicadores bibliométricos para el análisis de información. En el despliegue teórico se consideró el uso de los métodos análisis y síntesis e histórico lógico para ubicar las ideas y, como método empírico, la aplicación del análisis documental a la literatura publicada sobre el tema y a los artículos que integran la revista en el período de estudio. Como resultados más significativos se destaca la necesidad de atender el índice de productividad de los autores dentro de la revista; se muestra progreso en relación a la colaboración científica; es preciso trabajar con el grado de obsolescencia de las referencias que se utilizan, debido al bajo índice de Price resultante; el número de referencias por artículo se considera normal; la tipología documental que se destaca es la consulta a artículos científicos y los documentos de más consulta son los que está en idioma español. Las conclusiones apuntan hacia la atención de los indicadores bibliométricos analizados para colocar la revista en bases de datos de mayor visibilidad con la posibilidad de que integre el Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJCR), lo que la ubicaría como primer referente de las Ciencias Agropecuarias Ecuatoriana a nivel mundial.
El trabajador social como mediador familiar: caso de estudio de familias portovejenses afectadas por el terremoto del 16 de abril de 2016
Authors: Barcia Briones Marcelo Fabián , Sánchez García Liliana Aracely , Bumbila García Bibian Bibeca
Published: August 2022

El estudio que se presenta tiene como objetivo analizar el rol que desempeñó el trabajador social en la mediación familiar en las personas afectadas por el terremoto ocurrido el 16 de Abril de 2016 en Ecuador. Como metodología se aplicó  la entrevista abierta a tres familias en la Ciudad de Portoviejo para conocer tanto la situación de vulnerabilidad en que se encontraban, así como la ayuda que recibían de parte del trabajador social. Igualmente, para corroborar datos, fueron entrevistados los tres trabajadores sociales que atendieron a estas familias. Asimismo, en la exposición de las ideas se empleó el método del análisis documental para revisar literatura actualizada y en la ubicación de los referentes el método histórico-lógico. Entre los resultados más significativos se destaca el papel del trabajador social en la mediación familiar en las personas afectadas por el terremoto capacitándolas en conocimientos, destrezas,  habilidades sociales utilizando  técnicas acorde a la situación. Como conclusiones se enuncia que el trabajo social y la mediación están en perfecta armonía, ambas se sostienen en el principio del reconocimiento de las personas como seres capaces de gestionar adecuadamente sus emociones y resolver sus propios conflictos.
Conservación de los documentos: estudio de caso, iglesia pío ix de la ciudad de Portoviejo, provincia de Manabí, República del Ecuador
Authors: Gómez Mieles Juan Manuel , García Cedeño Mariuxi
Published: August 2022

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar mediante un estudio teórico descriptivo la conservación de documentos en la Iglesia Pío IX de la ciudad de Portoviejo. Esta investigación comprende estrategias y técnicas específicas, relativas a la protección de los materiales tanto impresos como digitales, frente al deterioro, los daños y el abandono de los textos. La metodología es de tipo descriptivo; así mismo, se hace uso del análisis documental en la revisión de los presupuestos teóricos y del método histórico lógico para la organización de las ideas, con ello se estudian los aspectos que conducen a una aproximación conceptual para establecer una relación con las ciencias de la documentación. Además  se brindan conclusiones destacando la factibilidad de contar con un documento que rija el trabajo de la institución facilitando los procesos de toma de decisiones del personal que labora en la organización y gestión documental. Entre los resultados se destaca el poco conocimiento para la conservación de documentos eclesiásticos en la iglesia Pío IX. Las conclusiones apuntan hacia la creación de un plan de preservación que contenga las directrices de preservación y la definición de parámetros específicos para mantener la documentación a través de los años.
El rol de los egresados de bibliotecología del cantón Rocafuerte a partir de las cuestiones éticas en el manejo de la información
Authors: Benavides Bailon Jeovanny , Solórzano  Vélez Rosario
Published: August 2022

La práctica profesional de la bibliotecología atraviesa un período clave debido a profundas transformaciones que han estado motivadas por los cambios sociales, culturales y, sobre todo, tecnológicos. Por ello, lo ético se constituye en un eje transversal ante los nuevos desafíos de una sociedad en constante renovación. Resulta fundamental analizar la manera en que la sociedad se desarrolla  a partir de nuevos retos y problemáticas, de igual forma las prácticas referentes a la bibliotecología y a la documentación. En el caso de este trabajo se analizan las cuestiones éticas en el manejo de la información y el rol que han cumplido los egresados de bibliotecología que pertenecen al cantón Rocafuerte y que laboran en instituciones de esta localidad. Las cuestiones a las que se han hecho referencia tienen relación con cinco aspectos puntuales: la incidencia de la ética, los principios de la ética bibliotecaria, las actitudes en el manejo de la información, las perspectivas de la ética bibliotecaria y a las “obligaciones” del bibliotecario. En este contexto, las necesidades profesionales requeridas por la sociedad deben ser analizadas, para contrastar lo teórico con la realidad.
Programa educativo para capacitación de trabajadores en sector no estatal, en cuanto a relaciones laborales
Authors: Alfonso Sardiñas Yaima
Published: August 2022

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo primordial diseñar un programa educativo de capacitación a los trabajadores del sector no estatal del municipio San José de las Lajas, en cuanto a Relaciones Laborales. La autora ofrece un primer acercamiento a los fundamentos teóricos de la temática Relaciones Laborales, así como la experiencia del concepto en el ámbito cubano, además de la necesidad del estudio en la realidad cubana actual, debido a la apertura del sector no estatal. Con anterioridad se realizó un diagnóstico en la comunidad de trabajadores del sector no estatal para determinar las fortalezas y debilidades en cuanto a la temática abordada y la necesidad real de la organización. Se expone la situación problemática que vivencia la comunidad seleccionada en esta cuestión fundamentalmente.  Seguidamente, la autora diseña el programa educativo de capacitación y brinda las orientaciones metodológicas para su realización. Para concluir, se afirma que dicho programa educativo puede contribuir a la construcción de una comunidad justa socialmente y lograr la cooperación, integración, participación de sus miembros en la búsqueda de un desarrollo sostenible.
Implicaciones éticas y sociales en la calidad de vida del adulto mayor a partir de la intervención y el desempeño profesional de la enfermería
Authors: Sánchez Choez Lilia , Guaranguay Chaves Carmen , Tapia Mieles Agustina , Chávez Vélez Miriam
Published: August 2022

El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de describir, mediante un enfoque cualitativo, las implicaciones éticas y sociales que desempeñan profesionales de enfermería en la atención a los adultos mayores. En este contexto, los avances tecnológicos en el campo de la salud, demuestran que el profesional de enfermería debe tener incorporado en su ejercicio profesional principios éticos, visión humanística, conocimientos básicos de las leyes y un sentido de responsabilidad que lo capaciten para prestar una atención integral adecuada. El análisis ético debe comenzar con una valoración cuidadosa del estado del paciente y de la naturaleza de su enfermedad, las preferencias del enfermo, sus juicios de valor y su realidad social, cultural y económica. Es necesario que en el quehacer cotidiano de los profesionales de la salud se vuelva a dar prioridad al servicio del individuo, su familia y su comunidad, ya que en el medio hospitalario actual se tiende a poner mayor énfasis en el avance tecnológico y científico y en los aspectos técnicos o políticos del trabajo. De esta forma, el presente trabajo se realizó con el propósito de aportar nuevos conocimientos que puedan servir como base para mejorar la calidad del cuidado al adulto mayor en el ámbito de la salud.
Las preguntas pedagógicas: su papel en la formación docente
Authors: Díaz Pontones Mónica , Monroy Farías Miguel
Published: August 2022

Esta ponencia presenta algunos resultados de la investigación en curso, titulada: Las preguntas pedagógicas: su papel en la formación docente. La investigación se realiza en dos contextos de Educación Superior: uno de ellos, dentro de las aulas del programa de Maestría para la Educación Media Superior (MADEMS) de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) en el Campus Iztacala y el otro contexto, dentro de las aulas del Programa de Educación Superior para Centros de Readaptación Social del Distrito Federal, hoy llamado Ciudad de México (PESCER) de la Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM). El aula es un lugar privilegiado para construir de manera intencional procesos educativos que favorezcan el desarrollo personal, la capacidad reflexiva y el pensamiento crítico, nadie lo duda, sin embargo no siempre ocurre de esta forma. Por ello, nuestro objeto de estudio se centra en el análisis de los tipos de preguntas que los/las docentes hacen al estudiantado; en investigar las respuestas que ofrece el alumnado y en la reflexión del tipo de respuestas que se espera del alumnado. La pregunta pedagógica ha de llegar a ser un recurso educativo que favorezca prácticas de enseñanza orientadas a la construcción de aprendizajes significativos; un medio para apoyar la progresión de habilidades de pensamiento crítico y argumentativo, para conseguir en el estudiantado, procesos cognitivos de mayor autonomía.
LA ÉTICA DEL DOCENTE: UNA PERSPECTIVA AXIOLÓGICA DEL PROCESO DE LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR EN EL ECUADOR.
Authors: Solórzano Palacios Leicy Gaudelia , Rivadeneira Mendoza Javier Antonio , García Mendoza Alexander Patricio , Aray Andrade Carlos Alberto
Published: August 2022

La educación superior del Ecuador tiene necesidad de formar los docentes universitarios que estén en condiciones de desarrollar una educación de calidad para lograr una eficiente preparación de los profesionales y técnicos que la sociedad necesita. La educación superior contemporánea requiere de una sólida formación axiológica de los profesionales como fundamento de los procesos actuales vigentes. El proceso formativo se ha orientado hacia un enfoque integral para la labor educativa. Para las instituciones de educación superior resulta un verdadero reto formar profesionales cuyos valores respondan a una actuación profesional responsable y comprometida con la solución de los problemas de su contexto de actuación profesional demostrando competencia en su desempeño y una actuación ciudadana digna de los valores sociales.
La identidad universitaria en contextos de reclusión: del antagonismo al agonismo
Authors: Mora Gutiérrez Luis , Díaz Pontones Mónica
Published: August 2022

Desde la filosofía política de Ernesto Laclau se retoma la categoría de antagonismo como el elemento nodal para la construcción de la identidad, antagonismo por parte de la institución penitenciaria y aun algunos grupos de internos que despliegan toda una seria de prácticas, valores y estrategias para impedir “ser” estudiantes universitarios; el ámbito carcelario y sus prácticas acotan otras formas de ser que no sea las de recluso-interno-delincuente, este antagonismo se resuelve en la fórmula “ellos o nosotros”. Ante este antagonismo originario, logramos mostrar como la presencia de la Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM) con su Programa de Educación Superior en Centros de Reclusión del Distrito Federal (PESCER) introduce una dinámica diferente a la de la dinámica carcelaria, en tanto que todo proceso educativo no parte del “ellos o nosotros”, sino del “ellos y  nosotros”; es la conjunción incluyente la que permite romper con las prácticas y valores de la institución carcelaria, volviéndose un espacio para el encuentro, la reunión, la construcción y no para la asimilación, desaparición o disolución de las diferencias e identidades, en estas prácticas también se ponen en juego la contingencia así como la decisión y la elección por parte de los universitarios. En esta construcción de la identidad universitaria se despliega también la pertenencia a una institución, la afiliación a ciertos valores y la construcción de nuevas prácticas y relaciones como comunidad universitaria.
Anomalía, crisis de paradigma y dialéctica ideológica en el desarrollo del pensamiento medieval
Authors: Flores Sierra Ernesto Bayardo
Published: August 2022

En el artículo se realiza un análisis del proceso de desarrollo dialéctico del pensamiento medieval, considerando para el mismo las tesis de las anomalías, la crisis paradigmática y el método histórico. Se desarrolla un estudio histórico- filosófico de las diferentes contradicciones teóricas que aparecieron en momentos específicos del pensamiento medieval tanto en el mundo cristiano como en el mundo musulmán y que configurarían las bases sobre las cuales se levantaría el edificio del pensamiento moderno a manera de continuación y ruptura con la tradición teórica y filosófica anterior.
OS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS E OS GÊNEROS TEXTUAIS: O USO DO JORNAL, ARTEFATO OU INSTRUMENTO DO PROFESSOR?
Authors: Lara Pedro José de , Bueno Luzia
Published: August 2022

OS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS E OS GÊNEROS TEXTUAIS: O USO DO JORNAL, ARTEFATO OU INSTRUMENTO DO PROFESSOR?
JORNAL COMUNITÁRIO ONLINE: A VOZ DO BEIRU EM TEXTOS ESCRITOS, ORAIS E EM IMAGENS DIGITAIS
Authors: Thioune Rosane Cristina Prudente Rose
Published: August 2022

JORNAL COMUNITÁRIO ONLINE: A VOZ DO BEIRU EM TEXTOS ESCRITOS, ORAIS E EM IMAGENS DIGITAIS
O JORNAL NO ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Pereira Carlos André Bogéa , Soares Waléria De Jesus Barbosa
Published: August 2022

O JORNAL NO ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA
SURDEZ E TECNOLOGIAS: POSSIBILIDADES DE NOVAS PRÁTICAS (?)
Authors: Cabello Janaina
Published: August 2022

SURDEZ E TECNOLOGIAS: POSSIBILIDADES DE NOVAS PRÁTICAS (?)
O ENSINO DOS GÊNEROS JORNALÍSTICOS EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS NA TRANSIÇÃO DO 5° PARA O 6° ANO NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE UMA REDE MUNICIPAL: CONTINUIDADE OU RUPTURAS NO PROCESSO DE LETRAMENTO?
Authors: Silva Juliana Gava Bissoto e , Bueno Luzia
Published: August 2022

O ENSINO DOS GÊNEROS JORNALÍSTICOS EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS NA TRANSIÇÃO DO 5° PARA O 6° ANO NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE UMA REDE MUNICIPAL: CONTINUIDADE OU RUPTURAS NO PROCESSO DE LETRAMENTO?
Validação do desempenho lumínico de um edifício habitacional em Brasília através de simulação computacional e de medições
Authors: Figueiredo Chenia Rocha , Cavalcanti Mariana Couto
Published: August 2022

O desempenho lumínico é uma exigência para a qualidade e o conforto dos usuários, almejando garantir saúde, melhorar a habitabilidade e a segurança, bem como diminuir o gasto de energia elétrica das edificações, tendo seus critérios estabelecidos na norma de desempenho NBR 15575:2013. Objetivando atender as exigências especificadas por norma, utilizou-se de simulações computacionais através do software ReluxPro e medições após a conclusão da edificação para avaliar o desempenho da luz natural em um edifício habitacional na cidade de Brasília. Os resultados indicaram que, pela agilidade e possibilidade de análise/definição prévia, as simulações computacionais são ferramentas importantes para o projeto, cumprindo as exigências da norma conforme observado em medições in loco, auxiliando na definição mais assertiva da escolha dos materiais construtivos para as condições climáticas propostas.
Mercadoria, ideologia e poder: um estudo de caso a partir de Frida
Authors: Guimarães Gabriele Carvalho Jardim
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo é dividido em duas partes principais. A primeira traz como proposta uma discussão teórica acerca dos conceitos de mercadoria, ideologia e poder e como os mesmos se relacionam, além da vinculação com a noção de Sociedade do Espetáculo, de Guy Debord, e a imagem em si. Segundo o próprio autor, o mundo da Sociedade do Espetáculo é dominado pela mercadoria. Então, para exemplificar de forma mais sistemática, traz-se o exemplo da pintora mexicana Frida Kahlo. Neste segundo momento do trabalho, há a discussão sobre a forma como sua imagem foi modificada para se tornar mercadoria e quais são os usos ideológicos dessa imagem.
The Prevalence of Nosocomial Infections and Related Microbial Agents Based on the NNIS System in Sabzevar During 2011-2015
Authors: Souizi Zahra , Nematshahi Mohammad , Sahebkar Mohammad , Jafarabadi Zahra , Hiteh Masoud , Akrami Rahim
Published: August 2022

Background: Nosocomial infection is an infection that hospitalized patients get while receiving health care. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors involved in the incidence of nosocomial infections, related microbial agents, and antibiotic resistance profiles. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 390 patients with nosocomial infection admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Sabzevar from 2011 to 2015. The acquired data were assessed by the standard checklist of the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system of the Ministry of Health. The collected data were analyzed using the Stata 12 software. Results: Of the 41979 admitted patients during the mentioned period, 390 patients with an average age of 48.08 years suffered from a hospital-acquired infection. The prevalence of nosocomial infections was 1% with the highest rate related to the respiratory tract in men and surgical sites in women. Intravenous catheters, surgical wounds, urinary catheters, suction, ventilator, tracheotomy, and tracheostomy were the most commonly encountered factors (invasive measures) of nosocomial infection, respectively. The most prevalent causes of nosocomial infections were Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter. Conclusions: Based on our findings, several factors play a pivotal role in preventing hospital-associated infections, including proper follow-up and timely reporting of nosocomial infection cases. The other influential factors were accurate identification of microorganisms involved, allocation of sufficient funds to provide appropriate facilities for infection prevention, the appropriate and timely medical interventions, and the rational use of antibiotics.
The Relationship Between Positive Cultures With Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms and Mortality in a General Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Marghoob Bahareh , Khosravi-Khezri Malihe
Published: August 2022

Aim: The patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are more susceptible to healthcare-associated infections (HAI). Higher rates of nosocomial infections in ICU patients are associated with higher morbidity, mortality, and costs. The primary outcome of our study was to investigate the relationship between antibiotic resistance and mortality in ICU patients, and the secondary outcome was to evaluate the relationship between antibiotic resistance and the length of ICU or hospital stay. Methods: A 5-year observational retrospective study was conducted on patients in the ICU of Hasheminejad Kidney Center affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran from January 1, 2015, to January 1, 2020. The data related to age, gender, admission type, comorbidities, length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, infection source, microorganism type, and resistance pattern of all isolates and outcomes were collected based on the study purpose. Results: During the 5-year study, 2899 patients were admitted to the ICU, but only 747 patients were enrolled in the study, including 426 males (57%). The median age was 65 years (19-97 years). The mean length of ICU stay was greater in culture-positive patients (8.42 vs. 3.5 days, P>0.001). Culture-positive patients had significantly higher mortality compared to culture-negative patients (63.8% vs. 36.2%, P>0.001). In our study, it was found that resistant microorganisms have increased mortality by 2.6 times in the ICU in the crude model (OR: 2.6, P>0.001). Conclusion: The findings of our study suggest that multidrug-resistant pathogens increase ICU stay and mortality.
A Short Review of Forensic Microbiology
Authors: Yousefsaber Fatemeh , Naseri Zeinab , Hasani Amir Hosein
Published: August 2022

Background: Microbial forensics is a multidisciplinary area, which has been recently considered an effective tool in forensic investigations. This growing field of forensics covers a wide spectrum of different branches of science, including biology, chemistry, physics, geology, mathematics, and computer sciences, leading to a practical approach that can be applied in several areas such as bioterrorist actions, environmental issues, emerging and reemerging diseases, as well as reliable trace evidence at a crime scene. Methods: The information has been gathered via Google Scholar using several keywords, including forensic microbiology, bioterrorism, forensic investigation, and trace evidence. The data were from reliable articles and books published over 50 years. This paper is a short review of forensic microbiology with a bioinformatics perspective to use in different fields such as the court. Results: It is known that using either microorganisms or their toxins is a low-cost potential tool with serious morbidity and mortality rates that can spread all around the world by food or water supplies or even through the air, making them a perfect candidate bioweapon with minimum traceability. Studies have indicated that environmental conditions plus biological and abiotic factors would affect the following analysis and the final validation, which is an essential step in the forensic investigation due to its highly effective role in the court vote. To face different challenges, law enforcement has the infrastructure for attribution and deterrence (e.g., following the exact microbial forensics program) so that it can be used in court. Developing more reproducible, sensitive, and accurate methods, preparing a wide reliable database, and devoting the right amount of budget will help improve the whole forensic procedure in the legal system. Conclusions: The current paper is a short review of how forensic scientists can use microbial features on a crime scene to clarify and enhance the procedure to solve different criminal cases.