bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TÉCNICAS DE IDENTIFICAÇÃO QUÍMICA DE METABÓLITOS PRODUZIDOS POR MICRORGANISMOS ENDOFÍTICOS
Authors: Dos Santos de Oliveira João Arthur , Fernanda Misturini Thais
Published: April 2023

Os microrganismos endofíticos colonizam o interior dos tecidos das plantas sem causar danos ao seu hospedeiro. A interação endófito-planta pode originar vias de síntese de metabólitos de interesse biotecnológico, contudo, para sua utilização é necessário que esses compostos sejam identificados quimicamente. Dentre as técnicas instrumentais mais utilizadas estão a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), cromatografia em camada delgada (CCD), cromatografia a gás capilar (CG), cromatografia a gás capilar acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG/MS), cromatografia de fluído supercrítico (CFS) e eletroforese capilar (EC). Desta forma, realizamos uma revisão da literatura abordando estas técnicas de identificação de metabólitos secundários de interesse biotecnológico produzidos por microrganismos endofíticos. A pesquisa revelou que estas técnicas instrumentais permitiram a identificação de coclioquinonas, isocloquinonas, dicetopiperazinas, ácido tartárico, ácido cítrico, butirilneosolaniol e outros compostos, produzidos por microrganismos endofíticos. Estas técnicas instrumentais para identificação e quantificação de metabólitos são amplamente utilizadas e aperfeiçoadas. É possível destacar que para cada característica de amostra e sua finalidade, alguns dos métodos se tornam mais eficientes e precisos. Esses métodos para análise de metabólitos devem continuar evoluindo a fim de descobrir novas moléculas e também gerar uma maior robustez para a identificação e quantificação destes compostos de origem microbiana, contribuindo para o avanço dos produtos naturais.
USO DE CARVÃO ATIVADO PARA O CLAREAMENTO DENTAL: PERCEPÇÃO DOS FREQUENTADORES DE UMA ACADEMIA DE GINÁSTICA
Authors: Lazzarin Helen Cristina , Romagnoli Amanda Gabrieli Vieira , Jak Solange Amaral
Published: April 2023

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a percepção dos frequentadores da academia de ginástica Elite do município de Cascavel – PR, 2021, sobre o uso de carvão ativado para clareamento dental. Foi aplicado um questionário, pelo formulário do Google, com 17 questões objetivas, sobre o carvão ativado como clareador dental, nocividade para a cavidade oral, potencial efetivo clareador e satisfação dos usuários frente ao resultado clareador, além de fotos de dentifrícios e pó à base de carvão ativado. Participaram da pesquisa 201 frequentadores da academia de ginástica, predominando o sexo feminino e a faixa etária de 20 a 30 anos. Constatou-se que 60,2% (N= 121) sabem o que é carvão ativado, 27,9% (N=56) têm conhecimento sobre o potencial nocivo para a cavidade bucal, 70,1% (N=141) já fizeram uso de carvão ativado com a finalidade de clarear os dentes, 13,4% (N=141) acharam que o produto promoveu o clareamento dos dentes, 13,4% (N=27) acreditam que o uso do carvão ativado pode substituir o clareamento supervisionado pelo cirurgião dentista e 5,5% (N=11) referiam sensibilidade dentária. Apesar de estudos comprovarem a ineficácia dos produtos à base de carvão ativado como clareadores dentais, uma porcentagem significativa dos entrevistados afirmou que ficaram satisfeitos com os resultados obtidos.
CARACTERÍSTICAS QUÍMICAS, MICROBIOLÓGICAS E NUTRICIONAIS DA KOMBUCHA: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Barbosa dos Santos Nayara , Evangelista Santos Ribeiro José , Florentino de Melo Santos Sharline , Cardoso da Silva Ferreira Valquíria , Alberto Bispo de Sousa Carlos
Published: April 2023

Kombucha é uma bebida tradicional que foi originada na Manchúria – China, e tem sido consumida em todo o mundo devido seu sabor único e propriedades saudáveis. É produzido pela fermentação de chá adoçado das folhas de Camellia sinensis com bactérias e leveduras, produzindo substâncias benéficas para a saúde humana incluindo ácidos orgânicos, vitaminas, enzimas e antioxidantes. O mercado de alimentos saudáveis tem crescido nos últimos anos devido à conscientização dos consumidores sobre a importância de uma boa nutrição e seus impactos na qualidade de vida. Este estudo é uma revisão narrativa da literatura que visa compilar informações sobre Kombucha e destacar seus aspectos microbiológicos, bioquímicos e nutricionais, bem como informações sobre sua produção.
Dynamic Modeling and Analysis of Rotor-Bearing System with Localized Defect in Rotating Machinery
Authors: Sudsawat Supattarachai , Arunyanart Pirapat
Published: April 2023

The numerical model is developed to study the vibration response due to the localized defect of ball bearing in rotating machinery. In order to simulate the dynamic response, the equations of motions are developed based on the rotor-bearing system where two identical rotors mounted on symmetric flexible shaft and supported by ball bearings are considered in this model. The presence of defect is introduced on a bearing outer raceway and lubrication effect between bearing components is also included. The numerical results are obtained by applying Runge–Kutta method to solve governing equations of motions. It has been observed that the vibration spectrum of the ball pass frequency outer race and its harmonics for the defect bearing is relatively higher than the good one. Moreover, this dynamic model can effectively enhance the understanding of vibration responses for good and defective bearing.
Assessment of the Operational Costs and the Passengers' Willingness-to-Pay to Evaluate the Financial Viability of an Air Taxi Service
Authors:   FEV Consulting, Fischer Maximilian , Heckmann Denis , Nase Alexander
Published: April 2023

Several cities and regions have announced to launch electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) based air taxi services in the future. To successfully implement such services, the financial viability must be assessed. As part of the project "SkyCab", an eVTOL based air taxi service concept was designed, associated costs to set-up such service assessed, major impact factors on the pricing identified and the willingness-to-pay of the target customers evaluated. The paper outlines the approach to evaluate the financial viability within five steps. First, the target customer group is identified based on the local mobility demand. Second, route network and vertiport locations are selected meeting the target customer trip demand and providing travel time saving benefits. Third, the willingness-to-pay is estimated: Therefore, the average financial power of the target customer groups is determined, and time and comfort advantages of an air taxi service compared to other means of transportation are evaluated. Fourth, the operational costs under consideration of the entire air taxi ecosystem are identified where pilot, aircraft and overhead costs contribute to 2/3 of the overall operational costs. Last, main operational impact factors such as the utilization rate, occupation rate and level of automation driving the financial viability are evaluated.
Parameter Sensitivity studies for the Performance of an Electric BiCP-VTOL UAV
Authors:   University of Seville, Esteban Sergio , Blanco Álvaro
Published: April 2023

The objective of the presented study is to provide tools for the power plant selection that meet the performance requirements of a VTOL prototype. The tool is integrated in a Mission-Oriented Design Calculator MODC that receives information of the VTOL prototype through a General Block Data (GBD), and then process the information using two algorithms that work together to obtain sub-optimal power plant selections. The data fed to the MODC receives the information of the candidate prototype via four smaller structures that provide geometric, weights, aerodynamic, and propulsive properties that are updated during the iteration process using a series of update rules. This information is then fed to two algorithms: Sensitivity Analysis Algorithm (SAA) and the Fixed-MTOW Analysis Algorithm (FMAA) for the selection of sub-optimal configurations. The SAA generates desired target performance levels for varying aircraft speed (V), propellers' diameter (D), number of engines, and scaling factor SF. The sensitivity analysis provides families of plausible solutions of power plant selections (engine, propeller and batteries) that satisfy the performance target requirements for both axial and longitudinal flight, which are denoted Convergence Zones. The FMAA finds the sub-optimal configuration within the Convergence Zones in order to maximize the Range/Endurance of the UAV for all flight regimes, and extends the study for different combinations for payload and battery mass. After each cycle of iteration the MODC updates the VTOL prototype characteristics in the GBD, hence serving as new data to conduct new sensitivity analysis using the SAA and fine tuning of the FMAA. Results are presented for both algorithms, and conclusions are presented indicating interesting trends towards defining sub-optimal power plant combinations.
Simulation Fidelity Assessment for Rotorcraft ? Methods and Metrics Sketches from the Work of NATO AVT-296
Authors:   Delft University Technology, Pavel Marilena
Published: April 2023

Fidelity is a fundamental concept for crucial decision-making processes during engineering design, test and evaluation of aircraft and rotorcraft. Fidelity, as applied to rotorcraft, proves to be a prerequisite for most human factors research and simulator development programs. This paper reviews the concept of fidelity, its metrics and methods concentrating on rotorcraft applications. The paper stems from the Applied Vehicle Technology (AVT) Panel of the NATO Science and Technology Organization (STO) work of NATO AV-296 concentrating on recent advancements on rotorcraft flight simulation model fidelity prediction and assessment. Starting from the question of what is meant with the term simulation fidelity, the paper will demonstrate that even though the term fidelity can be loosely translated as simulation goodness or faithfulness to reality, when it comes to fidelity assessment, this concept has a multidimensional and multifaceted character depending on the configuration considered. A key message of the paper is that simulation fidelity should be decomposed in different dimensions and attributes with their own metrics. Using multiple fidelity metrics is therefore meaningful for assessing simulation fidelity in general and in particular for the case of rotorcraft.
Simulation Model Fidelity Enhancement Using Corrective Force and Moment Increments - Review of Activity Performed in NATO-AVT Panel 296
Authors:   CAE, Myrand-Lapierre Vincent ,   Middle East Technical University, Yavrucuk Ilkay ,   Thales Training & Simulation, Richard Sylvain ,   US Army TDD, Tischler Mark ,   University of Liverpool, Cameron Neil , Nadeau-Beaulieu Michel , Padfield Gareth , White Mark
Published: April 2023

The Applied Vehicle Technology (AVT) Panel of the NATO Science and Technology Organization has recently engaged a Research Task Group on the topic of rotorcraft flight simulation model fidelity. This group aimed to explore a comprehensive set of methods for flight mechanics simulation fidelity enhancement, including training simulation applications. Particular effort was also directed to the metrics used for simulation fidelity model assessment as suitable for the final intent of the model.
The work presented in this paper was carried out in the framework of this Research Task Group, AVT-296, which examined seven different approaches; our paper focusses on just one of these. The objective was to assess flight-model renovation methods through four different applications. As a common approach, flight data from various helicopters were used to extract a set of flight dynamics information (state and control derivatives) that were used to compute corrective force and moment terms.
The approach consists of a comparison between flight-test and flight mechanics model derivatives to compute delta forces and moments. These delta terms are added to the forces and moments through a linear combination and to generate the additional accelerations needed to capture any lacking dynamics. The derivatives that require updating need to be identified and, of course, will depend on the nature of the modelling deficiency. This paper shows how this method is applied to enhancing the lateral-directional oscillatory characteristics of flight models and how they can be upgraded to achieve higher fidelity for design and development applications but with special attention to meeting the fidelity requirements for flight training simulators.
Rotorcraft Countermeasure Release Simulation
Authors:   Continuum Dynamics Inc., McKillip Robert , Quackenbush Todd , Yu Michael
Published: April 2023

This paper describes the continued development and validation of a multi-domain Eulerian/Lagrangian approach for modeling transient behavior of countermeasures released from tactical rotorcraft. The paper reviews the overall structure and background assumptions governing the model, includes recent correlations with public-domain chaff release data, and summarizes sensitivity studies to support real-time execution in flight simulation applications. The software is packaged as a Toolbox for operation in a MATLAB environment, though with modular elements – including industry-standard aerodynamic modeling - that can interact with other host software. The paper will describe some of the design tradeoffs in its realization, particularly as they impact features for manned flight simulation use. The ultimate goal of the analysis tool is to provide a variable level of fidelity that can trade off execution times with countermeasure response detail, so as to adjust the scope of the results to the auxiliary software that may interact with the simulation results.
Fidelity Enhancement of a Multi-Rotor Dynamic Inflow Model via System Identification
Authors:   Georgia Institute of Technology, Guner Feyyaz ,   Advanced Rotorcraft Technology Inc., He Chengjian ,   Washington University St. Louis, Peters David , V. J.
Published: April 2023

Multi-rotor analytical dynamic inflow models in the literature, such as Pressure Potential Superposition Inflow Model (PPSIM) or Velocity Potential Superposition Inflow Model (VPSIM), have been shown to capture the fundamental inflow interference effects between the rotors. Some of the differences in inflow predictions seen between these analytic models and high-fidelity wake models are attributed to missing real flow effects such as wake distortion, contraction, decay, swirl, etc. As such, correction terms are needed in the analytically derived multi-rotor finite state inflow models, because of the potential flow and rigid wake assumptions they are based on, in order to capture some of the missing real flow effects in them. This paper develops a systematic methodology for arriving at the needed correction terms in the VPSIM through comparisons of its inflow predictions with those of a Viscous Vortex Particle Model (VVPM). Also, a procedure is developed to assess the relative importance of individual real flow effects and the associated corrections needed for improving the overall fidelity of the VPSIM. The developed methodology is applied to the Harrington coaxial rotor using its geometric and aerodynamic data from the literature. Because of the output-coupled nature of the VPSIM, it is shown that significantly fewer number of correction terms are needed to improve its fidelity using the developed methodology. It is shown that addition of swirl coupling correction terms to the VPSIM significantly improves its correlations with the VVPM. Further, it is shown that the required corrections are reasonably insensitive to thrust sharing ratio conditions between the rotors.
The Effect of Atmospheric Turbulence on Helicopter Recovery to a Twin-Island Aircraft Carrier
Authors:   University of Liverpool, Watson Neale , Owen Ieuan , White Mark
Published: April 2023

This paper describes an investigation into the effect that turbulence in the air flow approaching an aircraft carrier has on the airwake over the flight deck and, subsequently, on helicopter recovery. CFD was used to generate the unsteady air flow over a full-scale Queen Elizabeth class aircraft carrier in a wind approaching 10° off the port-side. A steady inlet velocity profile was used for the approaching wind and an array of blocks was placed upstream of the ship to create a turbulent air flow. Thirty seconds of unsteady CFD has been integrated with a helicopter flight dynamic model to create a simulation environment in which real-time piloted flight trials were conducted. Pilot workload and DIPES ratings were obtained during the trial, which along with recorded trial data, was used to analyse the effect of the inlet conditions on the helicopter and pilot workload. The results show that while the turbulence in the air flow approaching the ship did affect the flow field over the flight deck, there was less effect on the workload experienced by the pilot during simulated deck landings.
Numerical Investigation on the Role of Control Inceptors Layout in Rotorcraft-Pilot Couplings
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, Zanoni Andrea , Cocco Alessandro , Masarati Pierangelo
Published: April 2023

Aeroelastic rotorcraft-pilot couplings are dynamic phenomena in which the vibrations of a rotorcraft are transmitted through the cockpit, the seat and the control inceptors to the pilot, and the resulting induced motion is involuntarily fed back into the control system. Handling qualities, in terms of ability to complete the desired task, and even safety of f light can be affected by the proneness of the rotorcraft to giving rise to adverse interactions, an unwanted characteristic that can be captured by the so-called biodynamic feedthrough. In this work, a multibody model of the whole upper body, developed by the authors, is used to support the design of the control inceptors. The sensitivity of biodynamic feedthrough to the characteristics of cockpit layout and inceptors is analyzed varying several parameters: the length and inertia of the inceptors, the effect of the trim spring and of the compliance of the seat cushion. The simulations encompass subjects of different anthropometric data, in order to represent possible intra-subject variations. Biodynamic feedthrough at collective and cyclic inceptors, in response to vertical acceleration inputs, is discussed along with single-harmonic, large-magnitude input responses that highlight the presence and importance of nonlinearities.
Fast Multi-Objective Aeroacoustic Optimization of Propeller Blades
Authors:   Optis Engineering, Lallier-Daniels Dominic ,   Université de Sherbrooke, Moreau Stéphane , Bolduc-Teasdale François , Rancourt David
Published: April 2023

In this paper, the authors present a novel framework where the OptiSound® software is used in conjunction with low-order aerodynamic design tools to allow for fast iterations during preliminary design while evaluating both the aerodynamic performance as well as the acoustic emissions of a propeller system. Using this environment, the authors generate a Pareto frontier in a multidisciplinary response pertaining acoustic and aerodynamic performance metrics. While it was shown that an analysis of the raw data from the Pareto frontier can enable the identification of generic trends, recourse to visualization methods such as Self-Organizing Maps and Principal Component Analysis are however more helpful in determining parameter/objective correlations for multi-parametric/multi-objective optimizations. A CFD simulation to verify the propeller performance predicted by the low-level optimization framework for the lowest tonal noise configuration from the Pareto front was also carried out. It allowed to validate that the tonal steady loading rotor noise and the trailing edge self-noise mechanisms were well represented by the low-order evaluation method. The evaluation of turbulence ingestion noise at the leading edge is however shown to be of critical importance for propeller configurations for the obtention of an accurate evaluation of the overall noise emitted.
Minimum Weight Design of a Two Speed Dual Clutch Offset Compound Gear Transmission for Rotorcraft Applications
Authors:   University of Tennessee, DeSmidt Hans , Ai Zhisheng
Published: April 2023

This paper develops a design code for sizing the major components of a two speed, dual clutch OCG transmission for rotorcraft applications. Furthermore, this design code is integrated into a single main rotor helicopter sizing model to assess any overall system-level performance benefits offered by the two speed transmission. The results of this study show that the two speed variant will always be heavier that the single speed baseline for a given maximum design payload. The results also show that the combined weight of multiple smaller OCG units placed upstream from the combiner stage are significantly lighter than a single OCG located after the combiner. Finally, the results also show that, despite the added weight due to the OCG transmission, the best two speed variant achieved a 20% increase in flight range compared to the single speed baseline carrying the same maximum payload. Hence, the added weight and complexity of the two speed OCG transmission looks like it can indeed "buy it's way onboard".
Implementation and Linearization of State-Space Free-Vortex Wake Models for Rotary- and Flapping-Wing Vehicles
Authors: Saetti Umberto , Horn Joseph F.
Published: April 2023

This article describes the implementation and linearization of free-vortex wake models in state-variable form as applied to rotary- and flapping-wing vehicles. More specifically, the wake models are implemented and tested for a UH-60 rotor in forward flight and for a hovering insect
representative of a hawk moth. A periodic solution to each wake model is found by time marching the coupled rotor/wing and vortex wake dynamics. Next, linearized harmonic decomposition models are obtained and validated against nonlinear simulations. Order reduction methods are explored to
guide the development of linearized wake models that provide increased runtime performance compared to the nonlinear and linearized harmonic decomposition wake models while guaranteeing satisfactory prediction of the periodic response of the wake. This constitutes a first attempt to extend
free-vortex wake methods in state-variable form, originally developed for rotary-wing applications, to flapping-wing flight.
Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among adults in a select population in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Azinge Ifeoma E. , Ogunyemi Adedoyin , Ogamba Chibuzor F. , Jimoh Rasaq O.
Published: April 2023

Background: Anemia is a public health problem affecting people in both the developed and developing world and has serious consequences on health. Objective: This study determines the prevalence of anemia amongst people of different socioeconomic levels, associated factors, and the prevalence of anemia in populations other than children or pregnant women. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire to collect data from 387 residents. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used. Analysis of blood samples using the HemoCue301 system and data analysis using SPSS 20. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to test association and determine predictors of anemia respectively, with P0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of respondents was 35±11.8 years, with 28.9% of respondents being anemic. Female respondents (52.7%) were more than male respondents (47.3%). Female respondents (39.2%) had a higher prevalence of anemia than male respondents (17.5%). There was a significant association between sex, level of education, and anemia status. Being female, having no formal education, or only having a primary school level of education were significant predictors of anemia [odds ratio (OR)=2.55; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.54, 4.23; P=0.00; OR=12.57; 95%CI=2.39, 66.27; P=0.00; and OR=2.54; 95%CI=1.16, 5.58; P=0.02 respectively]. Conclusion: There was a higher prevalence of anemia among women, younger people, and those with no or only primary levels of formal education. Awareness programs targeted at women and people with lower levels of education are necessary to reduce the overall prevalence of anemia in this region.
Points of entry dynamics: understanding the cross-border threats for Ebola virus disease and COVID-19 in Ghana using a logic model approach
Authors: Duah John K. , Dotun-Olujinmi Oluwatosin , Johnson James A. , Greenhill Richard G.
Published: April 2023

Background: The influx of people across the national borders of Ghana has been of interest and concern in the public health and national security community in recent times due to the low capacity for the prevention and management of epidemics and other public health risks. Although the international health regulations (IHR) stipulate core public health capacities for designated border facilities such as international airports, seaports, and ground crossings, contextual factors that influence the attainment of effective public health measures and response capabilities remain understudied.Objective: This study aims to assess the relationship between contextual factors and COVID-19 procurement to help strengthen infrastructure resources for points of entry (PoE) public health surveillance functions, thereby eliminating gaps in the design, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of pandemic-related interventions in Ghana.Methods: This study employed a mixed-methods design, where quantitative variables were examined for relationships and effect size interactions using multiple linear regression techniques and the wild bootstrap technique. Country-level data was sourced from multiple publicly available sources using the social-ecological framework, logic model, and IHR capacity monitoring framework. The qualitative portion included triangulation with an expert panel to determine areas of convergence and divergence. Results: The most general findings were that laboratory capacity and Kotoka International Airport testing center positively predicted COVID-19 procurement, and public health response and airline boarding rule negatively predicted COVID-19 procurement.Conclusion: Contextual understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic and Ebola epidemic is vital for strengthening PoE mitigation measures and preventing disease importation.
Efficacy of electrical pulse mediated tomato lipophilic extract on human breast cancer cell
Authors: Thulasidas Jeya Shree , Varadarajan Gowri Sree , Camarillo Ignacio , Mittal Lakshya , Sundararajan Raji
Published: April 2023

Aim:

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of electrical pulse mediated tomato lipophilic extract (TLE) on human breast cancer MCF-7 and non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells.

Materials and Methods:

MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells were treated with 50 μg/mL TLE and eight 100 μs electric pulses of different electric field intensities (800, 1000, and 1200 V/cm), and the viability was studied using real time MT assay at 24 h of treatment. In addition, we studied cell viability of both the cells at 0 h using trypan blue assay and the ability to form colonies of both cells using colony forming unit (CFU) assay for all the treatments. We also imaged the cells at 24 h using microscope.

Results:

With 50 μg/mL TLE, the cell viability of MCF-7 and MCF-10A was same (84%). When the same concentration of TLE is combined with eight electrical pulses of 1200 V/cm, the cell viability of MCF-7 and MCF-10A was 2% and 87%, respectively. These results indicate that the effect of electrical pulses mediated TLE was higher on cancerous MCF-7 cells when compared to non-cancerous MCF-10A cells.

Conclusion:

The combination of electrical pulses with TLE is an effective strategy to selectively target cancer cells in the body.
Surgery or external beam radiation for solitary small hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wu Xiaoxue , Wei Mengchao , Chen Yong , Peng Zhenwei
Published: April 2023

Background:

There is little evidence on the efficacy of external beam radiation (EBR) compared to liver resection (LR) for patients with solitary small (≤5 cm) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Objective:

We aimed to investigate this clinical question based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Method:

SEER database was used to identify 416 patients with solitary small HCC who underwent LR or EBR. Survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model were performed to evaluate overall survival (OS) and identify prognostic factors for OS. Propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to adjust the baseline characteristics of the two groups.

Result:

Before PSM, the 1- and 2-year OS rates were 92.0% and 85.2% in the LR cohort and 76.0% and 60.3% in the EBR cohort, respectively (P < 0.001). After PSM, LR (n = 62) demonstrated improved OS compared to EBR (n = 62) (1-year OS rate: 96.5% vs. 76.0%; 2-year OS rate: 89.3% vs. 60.3%, P < 0.001), despite stratification on tumor size. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that treatment type was the only factor associated with OS (hazard ratio: 5.297; 95% confidence interval: 1.952–14.371, P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

For patients with solitary small HCC, LR may offer better survival outcomes than EBR.
Las nuevas tecnologías en la información y comunicación:¿para bien o para mal?
Authors: Castillo Obando Emilce
Published: April 2023

Este artículo se ha elaborado con la finalidad de compartir algunas reflexiones alrededor de la trascendencia de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y comunicación en nuestras sociedades, debido a los riesgos culturales que plantean dichas tecnologías. Abordamos también los riesgos y efectos psicosociales y fisiológicos que puede producir el uso de estas tecnologías. También se hace una revisión de los planteamientos existentes a favor y en contra de las bondades de las nuevas tecnologías sobre todo para las naciones subdesarrolladas, así como la trascendencia de que los países cuenten con políticas que regulen su incorporación y uso.
An Uncommon Case of Weight Loss in a Nonagenarian
Authors: Sidhu Gurinderjit Kaur , Sern Goh Kiat , Khine Htet Htet
Published: April 2023

Weight loss in older adults can be due to multiple causes. A systematic approach is required to pinpoint the etiology. Dysphagia is an important symptom associated with weight loss. In the absence of anatomical abnormalities, functional swallowing disorders such as achalasia can be mistaken for an aging esophagus or oropharynx. The incidence of achalasia in older adults is rare, with most cases presenting between 30 to 60 years of age. Here, we present an uncommon case of achalasia in a 93-year-old Chinese woman. A barium swallow and high-resolution manometry confirmed the diagnosis of achalasia. Botulinum toxin injection was administered. She did well, achieving weight gain and resolution of her symptoms. In conclusion, early recognition and appropriate management of uncommon causes of weight loss can greatly improve the quality of life of older adults.
When government sets prices: what can history teach us?
Authors: Lady Rose of Colmworth The Rt Hon
Published: April 2023

Agreements on prices by undertakings selling competing products are regarded as one of the most serious competition law infringements. This article considers what happens when government sets the prices at which those competing firms can sell their products. This article firstly examines the extensive use of government price controls in World War II. It then reviews early cases in the Restrictive Practices Court that considered the public interest (if any) in price stability. This article then touches on EU case law on when government involvement in price setting is acceptable or may provide some defence for undertakings and more recent EU legislation imposing price controls. Finally, the article draws the arguments for and against price fixing together to show what we can learn from the history of price controls. Current economic conditions and the range of solutions available to government make such a historical review both valuable and timely.
A new dawn? The United Kingdom’s new competition law regime for vertical agreements
Authors: McGrath Becket
Published: April 2023

On 1 June 2022, competition law practitioners in the UK were placed in the unenviable position of having to assimilate two new regimes for the treatment of vertical agreements under, respectively, European Union and UK competition law. Despite the long lead-up, which in the case of the EU reforms had lasted since October 2018, practitioners had less than a month to assimilate the final text of both the new EU Vertical Agreements Block Exemption Regulation and the UK’s Vertical Agreements Block Exemption Order before they entered into force. Indeed, the Competition and Markets Authority’s Guidance on the new UK regime was only available six weeks after the new Order came into effect. Despite the new UK regime being promoted as being based on ‘bespoke rules better suited to the UK’, the reality is that its final form reflects a carefully balanced review by the CMA that prioritized close alignment with the EU over divergence for its own sake. Although there are some notable differences between the two regimes, which are reviewed in this article, the overall outcome is one of dynamic alignment with an EU regime that provided the original model for modern UK competition law and looks likely to have a dominant influence on its development for the foreseeable future, despite Brexit.
Więcej niż muzeum. Szkice ofiarowane Profesorowi Janowi Święchowi
Authors: Barański Janusz , Maniak Katarzyna , Trebunia-Staszel Stanisława
Published: April 2023

Więcej niż muzeum, tytuł tego zbioru szkiców, odsyła – mamy wrażenie – do charakteru osobowości profesjonalnej profesora Jana Święcha i zakresu jego zainteresowań i eksploracji, czego ilustracją są też pomieszczone w nim teksty i ich tematyka, w których zawiera się inspiracja pochodząca od naszego bohatera. A dotyczy ona wielu tematów: muzeów, w szczególności etnograficznych, i muzeologii, skansenów i „skansenologii”, budownictwa drewnianego, wystawiennictwa, ochrony zabytków, regionalizmu, rozmaitych form twórczości artystycznej, a nawet kondycji współczesnej etnologii i absorbujących ją tematów. Czyli – znów – zbiór wypowiedzi „między dawnymi i młodszymi laty”. Od Redakcji
Drenaj Havzalarındaki Morfotektonik Özelliklerin Jeomorfik Analizlerle İncelenmesi: Delibekirli (Kırıkhan / Hatay) Havzası Örneği
Authors: BOZDOĞAN Mahsum , CANPOLAT Ergin
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada temel amaç Anadolu’nun güneyinde, Amanos Dağları’ nın orta kesiminde (Orta Amanoslar) yer alan Delibekirli Havzası’nın morfotektonik özellikleri jeomorfik indislerle açıklamaktır. Delibekirli Havzası ve yakın çevresi, tektonik açıdan Ölü Deniz Fayı, Karasu Fayı ve Kıbrıs-Antakya Transform Fayı’nın karşılaştığı bölgeye yakın bir konumdadır. Ortalama eğim değeri 20,1° olan havzanın en yüksek noktası Amanoslar’da yer alan Daz Tepesi (1795 m)’dir. Kırıkhan Meteoroloji İstasyonu verilerine göre havzanın ortalama sıcaklık değeri 21,1 °C; yıllık yağış miktarı 579 mm; yıllık ortalama rüzgar hızı 1.5 m/sn ‘dir. Çalışmanın amacı kapsamında, akarsuyun hem aşındırma gücünü hem de aşındırdığı malzemelerin taşıma gücünü tespit için geliştirilen SL (Akarsu uzunluk-Boy Gradyan İndisi) indisi; sahanın jeomorfolojik gelişim evrelerinin belirlenmesi ve yorumlanmasında kullanılan Hc (Hipsometrik Eğri) ve Hi (Hipsometrik İntegral); sahanın morfolojik açıdan gençlik evresine yaklaşıp yaklaşmadığını anlamak için Vf (Vadi taban uzunluğu-Yükseklik Oranı) indisi; yerşekillerini faylar ile ilişkisini sayısal bir şekilde ortaya çıkarmaya yarayan Smf (Dağönü Sinüsitesi) indisi; sahanın yapısal unsur deformasyonlarını belirlemek ve tektonik yapıyı anlayabilmek için çizgisellik analizi; aktif tektonik deformasyonun şiddeti ve yönünü anlayabilmek için ise T (Topoğrafik Simetri) ve Af (Asimetri Faktörü) uygulanmıştır. Farklı litolojik birimlerden oluşan çalışma sahasının jeomorfolojik gelişimi tektonik hareketler, iklim, karstlaşma ve akarsu aşındırmasının etkisi altında sürdürmektedir.
Havzadaki çizgisellikler tektonik yapı tarafından denetlenmektedir. Tektonik süreçler aktif olarak etkinliklerini sürdürüp sahayı yükseltmeye (uplift) devam ederken diğer yandan flüvyal süreçlerin de etkinliklerini sürdürdüğü ve tektonik aktiviteden etkilendiği anlaşılmaktadır. Yükselen sahada akarsuların yataklarını derine doğru kazıdığı, sahasının tektonik manada çarpıldığı ve ana akarsu kolunun, akış istikametine göre sol yönlü olduğu (tilt) sonucuna varılmıştır. Yine akarsu ötelenmeleri ve çizgisellikler sahaya sol yönlü oblik fayların yerleştiğini göstermektedir.
The Fate of Kepler’s Handwritten Heritage
Authors: Tunkina Irina
Published: April 2023

This paper examines the problematic fate of Kepler’s handwritten archives, which changed hands on several occasions until they appeared in Russia in 1774. Under a directive from the Empress Catherine the Great, part of Kepler’s archive was bought for the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences. From 1937, J. Kepler’s personal manuscripts were kept in the Archive of the Academy of Sciences, USSR (now the Saint Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences).
Harmony vs Symmetry: Kepler’s view and the role of Spielraum
Authors: Hun Giora
Published: April 2023

In a famous passage in De revolutionibus, Copernicus remarked that ‘in this arrangement [ordinatione] ... we discover a marvellous symmetry of the universe [mundi symmetriam], and an established harmonious linkage [harmoniae nexum] between the motion of the orbs and their size, such as can be found in no other way’. Copernicus has brought together two previously distinct aesthetic values: symmetry as proportionality in what is efficient or pleasing to the eye; and harmony as proportionality in what is pleasing to the ear. This is a critical passage where two aesthetic criteria are put to use to capture two different aspects of the universe: its design and its motion. Symmetry captures the design, that is, the relation of the parts (the planetary orbs) to the whole (the Universe), whereas motion (understood as the planetary periods) is linked to size (understood as the planetary distances from the Sun). What was Kepler’s view of these two distinct aesthetic criteria? I conclude that Kepler did not invoke the criterion of symmetry in any of his writings and appealed only to harmony, but he had a sophisticated view of this concept which required—so my argument goes—a certain degree of freedom which I call Spielraum. This view is in stark opposition to that of Galileo’s.
The Meaning of Dark, Light and Shadows: Inferences in Art, Materiality and Cultural Practices
Authors: Prendergast Frank
Published: April 2023

Our visual awareness relies on light acting on the eye to perceive materiality and colour. Medieval thought wrestled to articulate and comprehend its nature. The notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci, for example, included his descriptions to define light and make comparisons so as to differentiate between light and shadow. His focus was on the illumination of surfaces from the perspective of a painter, seeing shadows as ‘the diminution of light by the intervention of an opaque body’ and ‘the counterpart of luminous rays’. In his mind, a shadow ‘stood between light and darkness’, with darkness being ‘the absence of light’. The anthropological record provides another gateway to such enquiry, holding oral and textual evidence on the meaning of light and cast shadows in the belief systems of some cultures. In one such example, recorded in the late nineteenth century, an observed reflection of the self in water was regarded as the person’s spirit and, significantly, the shadow cast by the body was imagined as the person’s soul. And how might such phenomena have been comprehended and used in the prehistoric past? Without ethnographic evidence the answer is unknowable and any conclusions are potentially conjecture. Researchers strive to overcome such hurdles using a suite of scientific tools and reasoning, and by drawing on the diversity of architecture and art. This paper follows a similar methodological trajectory to explore the qualitative nature of these phenomena using case studies spanning five millennia.
Precarização da docência do ensino superior: Flexibilização e intensificação do trabalho docente
Authors: Morais Aurora Maria
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo é parte da pesquisa da dissertação de mestrado intitulada Precarização das relações de trabalho no ensino superior: as condições de trabalho dos docentes temporários da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. A precarização em relação ao trabalho docente é vista como um processo de alterações que resultam na intensificação da carga horária, diversificação e inclusão de novas atividades, perda da autonomia dos professores por meio do controle da instituição e, ainda, na contratação em acordos jurídicos flexíveis, sem garantias ou direitos trabalhistas, em vínculos de trabalho vulneráveis. O presente artigo tem como ponto de partida as transformações do ensino superior ocorridas desde a década de 1970. Discute-se sobre a profissionalização e proletarização da categoria, a intensificação, flexibilização de vínculos e pondera sobre os aspectos da pandemia pela COVID-19, em seus presumíveis e diversos impactos sobre o trabalho docente. O texto adota a revisão de literatura para embasar suas análises e buscar atingir seu objetivo de apresentar, como resultado de seus estudos, os conceitos e as dimensões da precarização do trabalho docente no ensino superior nas últimas décadas.
Desafios socioambientais da tríplice fronteira amazônica Brasil, Colômbia e Peru
Authors: Barboza Lacerda Luiz Felipe
Published: April 2023

O artigo é fruto de um estudo sobre os desafios socioambientais da tríplice fronteira amazônica entre Brasil, Colômbia e Peru, apresentando uma contextualização sobre a região e aprofundando alguns temas específicos da problemática local. Tais temas foram elencados junto com pesquisadores, gestores públicos e lideranças locais, objetivando diagnosticar os  desafios socioambientais da tríplice fronteira amazônica. Através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupos focais três grandes temáticas foram definidas para o detalhamento destes desafios: 1) destinação de resíduos nas áreas urbanas; 2) o igarapé Santo Antonio que divide as cidades gêmeas de Tabatinga (BRA) e Letícia (COL); 3) o uso indiscriminado de agrotóxicos e produtos químicos nas produções primárias. Os resultados deflagram graves problemas socioambientais na tríplice fronteira, apontando para lacunas na compreensão da sociedade local para com importantes aspectos socioambientais de seus territórios e explicitando a falta de articulação entre os poderes governamentais dos três países. Por consequência, revela-se a ineficiência das políticas públicas e dos órgãos de proteção e conservação socioambiental.
Yeniden İşlevlendirme Kapsamında Tarihi Tahir Ağa Konağı
Authors: YALÇIN İrem Cansu , KURAK AÇICI Funda
Published: April 2023

Tarihi yapılar bulunduğu çevrenin kültürü, mimarisi, sanatı ve yaşayışı hakkında bize bilgi veren önemli eserlerdendir. Bu eserler kentlerin tarihini yansıtan kültürel miras değerleridir. Kültürel miras değeri olmaları ve yapıların varlıklarını sürdürmeleri kent için önemlidir. Bu nedenle yapılar için çeşitli yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Bunlar arasında restorasyon ve koruma ön plana çıkmaktadır. Yapıların, restorasyon ve koruma çalışmalarının devamında, yeniden işlevlendirilerek kullanıma açılması, yapıların kente kazandırılması için önemli bir adımdır. Trabzon kenti eski dönemlerden beri birçok medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Tarihi anlamda birçok izler taşıyan ve o izlerin eserlerini hala devam ettirdiği için Trabzon kenti çalışma alanı olarak uygun görülmüştür. Kent merkezi ve çevresinde, kentin tarihini yansıtan çok fazla yapı hala varlığını sürdürmektedir. Fakat kent içerisinde özellikle ulaşılabilirlik dikkate alındığında meydan civarında kentin ilk yerleşim bölgesi olan alan çalışma için daha uygun görülmüştür. Bu alanda tarihi yapıların genel bir yoğunluğundan söz edilebilir. Bu yapıların en önemlilerinden biri olan ve varlığını hala devam ettiren Tahir Ağa Konağı’dır. Konut yapılarının otel olarak yeniden işlevlendirilmesi sıklıkla kullanılan bir yöntem olduğu için bu yapının seçilmesinde etkili bir kriter olmuştur. Yıllar boyunca konut olarak kullanılan yapı 2007-2010 yılları arasında yeniden işlevlendirilerek otel işlevi ile günümüze ulaşmıştır. Bu nedenle yapıyı günümüzdeki işlevi ile ele almak uygun görülmüştür. Yapının yeniden kullanımı ile günümüzde kente ve kullanıcılarına hizmet etmesi kente değer kazandırmaktadır. Bu anlamda kent tarihi içinde önemli bir değere sahip olan ve eski işlevi konut olan Tahir Ağa Konağı’nın yeni işlevi ile uyumunu ortaya koymak ve yeniden işlevlendirmede işlev seçiminin önemini vurgulamak amacıyla bu çalışmada yapı değerlendirilmiştir. Yapı ile ilgili yapılan görüşmeler ve koruma kurulundan ulaşılan rölöve ve restorasyon çizimleri dahilinde yapının günümüze kadar nasıl ulaştığını ortaya koymak amacıyla yapının işlev değişimi ile ele alınması uygun görülmüştür.
Elevação da membrana de Schneider e enxerto de seio maxilar - revisão de literatura
Authors: Romio Lucas
Published: April 2023

A perda do elemento dental inúmeras vezes é seguida pela reabsorção óssea. Na região posterior da maxila, principalmente, devido a presença do seio maxilar esta reabsorção aliada a pneumatização do próprio seio é capaz de impedir a instalação de implantes dentários devido a pouca altura óssea existente. Diante desta situação, alguns pacientes precisam de cirurgia de levantamento de seio maxilar fazendo uso de biomateriais para promover o aumento ósseo desta região.
Próteses parciais removíveis e periodonto reduzido: uma via de mão dupla?
Authors: Danda Silvia Delenga de Lima , Melo Eduardo Henriques de , Silva Morgana Ferreira Chaves da
Published: April 2023

Frequentemente, dentes com suporte periodontal reduzido são eleitos pilares diretos no projeto de próteses parciais removíveis. Em outras situações, o uso de tais dispositivos leva à perda de pilares pela resultante redução do periodonto de suporte. Seria isso uma via de mão dupla que envolveria doença periodontal e sobrecarga oclusal e que resultaria na falha do projeto reabilitador, deixando sequelas? Para responder a tal questionamento, realizou-se uma revisão de literatura narrativa cujo tema dos trabalhos pesquisados versou sobre a relação entre o periodonto e as forças oclusais traumatogênica (11 artigos) e a longevidade dos pilares protéticos reabilitados com próteses parciais removíveis (10 artigos), dentro de intervalos atemporal e dos últimos 10 anos para cada tema, respectivamente. Assim, através da busca nas plataformas eletrônicas BIREME, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) e PubMed (US National Library of Medicine National Institute of Health) pode-se selecionar 21 trabalhos. Portanto, apesar da limitação dos estudos acerca do tema, pôde-se confirmar que existe uma via de mão dupla de comprometimento periodontal nas reabilitações protéticas por próteses parciais removíveis. Se por um lado esses dispositivos influenciam negativamente a saúde do periodonto de dentes com diferentes alturas de suporte periodontal, por outro, dentes periodontalmente comprometidos dificultam a estabilidade oclusal do projeto protético e, consequentemente, comprometem a longevidade da reabilitação. Ressalte-se que o uso das próteses parciais removíveis continua sendo atual e de confiança, desde que sejam respeitados princípios biomecânicos e estabelecido um cronograma rígido de manutenções periodontais.