bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gold nanopillar array with sharp surface plasmon resonances and the application in immunoassay
Authors: Yanagawa Hiroto , Hinamoto Tatsuki , Kanno Takashi , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Shioi Masahiko , Fujii Minoru
Published: December 2019

Nanoimprinting followed by metal deposition is a low-cost, high-throughput, and highly reproducible process for the fabrication of large-size plasmonic substrates required for commercial products. However, the plasmonic substrates prepared by the process usually have very broad surface plasmon resonances, which cannot be well reproduced by numerical simulations. The poor agreement between experiments and calculations has prevented the detailed analysis of the field enhancement behavior and the improvement of the performance as plasmonic substrates. In this work, we demonstrate that large-area plasmonic substrates with sharp surface plasmon resonances, which can be well reproduced by numerical simulations, are produced by sputter-deposition of gold (Au) on a commercially available nanoimprinted substrate. The good agreement between experiments and simulations allow us to identify the locations and field distributions of the hot spots. The angle dependence of specular reflectance and diffuse reflectance measurements in combination with numerical simulations reveal that a dipolelike bright mode and a higher-order dark mode exist at gaps between Au nanorods. Finally, we demonstrate the application of the developed plasmonic substrates for surface-enhanced fluorescence in sandwich immunoassays for the detection of influenza virus nucleoprotein. We show that the sharp resonance and the capability of precise tuning of the resonance wavelength significantly enhance the luminescence signal.
Real time nanoplasmonic sensing for monitoring CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite formation in mesoporous TiO2 films
Authors: Rajab Fahd , Harraz Farid. A.
Published: December 2019

The formation of methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite into mesoporous titania (TiO2) scaffold via a sequential deposition method is known to offer high quality films for good photovoltaic device performance. The local kinetics at the lower interface between the mesoporous TiO2 film and the collecting electrode govern perovskite growth and formation. Here, we have used a NanoPlasmonic Sensing (NPS) approach with gold (Au) nanosensors to monitor the formation of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite at the lower interface of up to 650 nm mesoporous TiO2 films. This technique provides time-resolved spectral shifts of the localized surface plasmon resonance at different operating temperatures and methylammonium iodide (CH3NH3I3) concentrations by recording changes in the local vicinity of the Au nanosensors at the mesoporous TiO2 film interface. Analytical studies included ellipsometry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results show that both the intensity of the NPS response and NPS rate constants are correlated with the operating concentrations and temperatures of CH3NH3I3 as well as CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite growth in mesoporous TiO2.
Nonlinear dusty magnetosonic waves in a strongly coupled dusty plasma
Authors: Wang Yunliang
Published: December 2019

The nonlinear propagation of magnetosonic waves in a magnetized strongly coupled dusty plasma consisting of inertialess electrons and ions as well as strongly coupled inertial charged dust particles is presented. A generalized viscoelastic hydrodynamic model for the strongly coupled dust particles and a quantum hydrodynamic model for electrons and ions are considered. In the kinetic regime, we derive a modified Kadomstev-Petviashvili (KP) equation for nonlinear magnetosonic waves of which the amplitude changes slowly with time due to the effect of a small amount of dust viscosity. The approximate analytical solutions of the modified KP equations are obtained with the help of a steady state line-soliton solution of the second type KP equation in a frame with a constant velocity. The dispersion relationship in the kinetic regime shows that the viscosity is no longer a dissipative effect.
Convolutional autoencoder and conditional random fields hybrid for predicting spatial-temporal chaos
Authors: Herzog S. , Wörgötter F. , Parlitz U.
Published: December 2019

We present an approach for data-driven prediction of high-dimensional chaotic time series generated by spatially-extended systems. The algorithm employs a convolutional autoencoder for dimension reduction and feature extraction combined with a probabilistic prediction scheme operating in the feature space, which consists of a conditional random field. The future evolution of the spatially-extended system is predicted using a feedback loop and iterated predictions. The excellent performance of this method is illustrated and evaluated using Lorenz-96 systems and Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equations of different size generating time series of different dimensionality and complexity.
Influence of the orthorhombic phase content on the dielectric and magnetic properties of YMnO3
Authors: Sánchez-Pérez M. , Dura O. J. , Andrés J. P. , López Antón R. , Gonzalez J. A. , López de la Torre M. A.
Published: December 2019

Here, we report on the dielectric and magnetic properties of polycrystalline samples of YMnO3 where the ratio between both orthorhombic (o-YMO) and hexagonal (h-YMO) phases has been controlled by means of appropriate sintering treatments. Interestingly, we observe that the dielectric behavior is dominated by the presence of the metastable o-YMO phase, even though its amount remains as a minority phase. However it also influences the magnetic behavior for sintering temperatures below 1000 °C, and in addition, a weak ferromagnetic contribution is always detected in our polycrystalline samples regardless of the o-YMO content.
Refractive index sensing using a Si-based light source embedded in a fully integrated monolithic transceiver
Authors: González-Fernández A. A. , Hernández-Montero William W. , Hernández-Betanzos J. , Domínguez C. , Aceves-Mijares M.
Published: December 2019

This work proposes and demonstrates the concept of a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible electrophotonic monolithic refractive index sensor in which a Si-based light source is directly integrated. The device consists of an embedded light emitter, a waveguide, a sensing area to place an analyte, and a photodetector. The behavior of the system was modeled and simulated using light propagation and semiconductor simulation software. Experimental devices were fabricated using all standard CMOS materials and procedures, and the tests showed changes in detected photocurrent related to the refractive index of the material in the sensing area, demonstrating the potential of the completely Si-based CMOS-compatible electrophotonic systems in the development of fully integrated sensors.
Wake-blade and wake-wake interactions shed light on turbomachine design optimization
Authors: Mandel Savannah
Published: December 2019

Researchers study wake-blade and wake-wake interactions in a two-stage compressor in air to obtain groundbreaking data on near-wall turbulence.
Spectroscopic techniques applied to discriminate soils for forensic purposes
Authors: Prandel Luis Valério , Melo Vander Freitas , Testoni Samara Alves , Brinatti André Maurício , Saab Sérgio da Costa , Dawson Lorna Anne
Published: December 2019

Soils are a complex mixture with a variety of mineralogical, chemical, biological and physical properties, which can be explored within forensic case work. This study aimed to apply energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques to discriminate soil samples collected in southern Brazil in a forensic context. Four replicates of soil were collected at four sites: two sites from the same parent material (claystone) and two other sites from limestone and granite/gneiss respectively. The physical and chemical (organic and mineral composition) and spectroscopic techniques (EDXRF and FTIR) produced 16 quantitative variables from only 2 g of sample. The main results from a forensic context were the separation of the soils collected from close neighbourhoods developed on the same parent material and the separation of soils collected in the A and B horizons of the same soil profile. The highest degree of similarity in the clustering of samples collected at the same site was 98.6% (B horizon in claystone domain). In addition to the parent material, the effect of organic matter on the chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the A horizon was important in the grouping dynamics of samples. This work demonstrated the potential of spectroscopic techniques in a forensic context.
FOXA1 upregulation promotes enhancer and transcriptional reprogramming in endocrine-resistant breast cancer
Authors: Fu Xiaoyong , Pereira Resel , De Angelis Carmine , Veeraraghavan Jamunarani , Nanda Sarmistha , Qin Lanfang , Cataldo Maria L. , Sethunath Vidyalakshmi , Mehravaran Sepideh , Gutierrez Carolina , Chamness Gary C. , Feng Qin , O’Malley Bert W. , Selenica Pier , Weigelt Britta , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Cohen Ofir , Wagle Nikhil , Nardone Agostina , Jeselsohn Rinath , Brown Myles , Rimawi Mothaffar F. , Osborne C. Kent , Schiff Rachel
Published: December 2019

Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) is a pioneer factor that facilitates chromatin binding and function of lineage-specific and oncogenic transcription factors. Hyperactive FOXA1 signaling due to gene amplification or overexpression has been reported in estrogen receptor-positive (ER
+
) endocrine-resistant metastatic breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms by which FOXA1 up-regulation promotes these processes and the key downstream targets of the FOXA1 oncogenic network remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that FOXA1 overexpression in ER
+
breast cancer cells drives genome-wide enhancer reprogramming to activate prometastatic transcriptional programs. Up-regulated FOXA1 employs superenhancers (SEs) to synchronize transcriptional reprogramming in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells, reflecting an early embryonic development process. We identify the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) as the top high FOXA1-induced SE target, mediating the impact of high FOXA1 in activating prometastatic gene sets and pathways associated with poor clinical outcome. Using clinical ER
+
/HER2
−
metastatic breast cancer datasets, we show that the aberrant FOXA1/HIF-2α transcriptional axis is largely nonconcurrent with the
ESR1
mutations, suggesting different mechanisms of endocrine resistance and treatment strategies. We further demonstrate the selective efficacy of an HIF-2α antagonist, currently in clinical trials for advanced kidney cancer and recurrent glioblastoma, in reducing the clonogenicity, migration, and invasion of endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells expressing high FOXA1. Our study has uncovered high FOXA1-induced enhancer reprogramming and HIF-2α–dependent transcriptional programs as vulnerable targets for treating endocrine-resistant and metastatic breast cancer.
Regulating tensile properties through bainitic transformation temperature in a hot-rolled δ-TRIP steel
Authors: Pourfarokh A. , Jafarian H. R. , Eivani A. R. , Palizdar Y. , Park N.
Published: December 2019

This study aims to clarify effects of isothermal bainitic transformation (IBT) temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of a high Al–low Si δ-TRIP steel. For this purpose, the alloy was austenitised at the intercritical annealing temperature of 820°C for 600 s and then was isothermally cooled down into a salt bath and held at the temperatures between 350 and 450°C for 360 s. X-ray diffraction indicates that by increasing the IBT temperature, the volume fraction of retained austenite increases. In addition, it was found that the optimum combination of strength and ductility, i.e. tensile strength of 1046 MPa and total elongation of 54%, was achieved in the sample which was isothermally held at 450°C for 360 s.
Interspecies metabolic diversity of artocarpin in vitro mammalian liver microsomes
Authors: Jiang Hua , Meng Xiangcai , Shi Xianbao , Yang Jingming
Published: December 2019

Artocarpin has shown anti-inflammation and anticancer activities. However, the metabolism differences among different species have not been reported. In this work, we used liver microsomes to explore the metabolic characteristics and possible metabolites of artocarpin among different species. The structures of six metabolites were characterized by LC-MS/MS, and hydroxylated artocarpin was the main metabolite. Enzyme kinetics and depletion studies of artocarpin among different species proved that artocarpin metabolism exhibited significant species differences; rats and monkeys showed a great metabolic ability to artocarpin, and minipigs showed the highest similarity to humans. The in vivo hepatic clearances of artocarpin in rats and humans were predicted that artocarpin was classified as a high-clearance drug in humans and rats. The glucuronidation assay of artocarpin in different liver microsomes also proved that artocarpin metabolism showed significant species difference. These findings will support further pharmacological or toxicological research on artocarpin.

Abbreviations: UGT: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; CYP: cytochrome P450; LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography; HLMs: human liver microsomes; MLMs: monkey liver microsomes; RAMs: rabbit liver microsomes; RLMs: rat liver microsomes; DLMs: dog liver microsomes; PLMs: minipig liver microsomes; Vmax: maximum velocity; Km: Michaelis constant; CLint: intrinsic clearance; CLH: hepatic clearance; QH: hepatic blood flow
Orientin suppresses oxidized low-density lipoproteins induced inflammation and oxidative stress of macrophages in atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Chunmeng , Cai Chanchun , Zheng Xiangjian , Sun Jun , Ye Liou
Published: December 2019

Atherosclerosis is a main reason for peripheral vascular disease. The present study aims to investigate the effects of macrophage foam cells which is an initial part in atherosclerosis. RAW 264.7 were treated with 80 μg/mL oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) to mimic atherosclerosis in vitro. Orientin, a flavonoid from plants, inhibited ox-LDL induced TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β expression increase. In addition, Orientin also can inhibit the emergence of ox-LDL-induced lipid droplets. The scavenger receptor CD 36 of ox-LDL was significantly downregulated after the treatment of orientin. Inhibition of ROS generation and increasing of eNOS expression by Orientin treatment was used to show the alteration of oxidative stress. Moreover, the expression levels of Angiopoietin-like 2 (angptl2) and NF-κB were significantly upregulated after cells induced by ox-LDL, whereas orientin significantly reversed the effects of ox-LDL. Orientin inhibited ox-LDL-induced inflammation and oxidative stress, and CD36 may be the key regulator during Orientin action.
IMMUNOLOGICAL RELEASE OF HISTAMINE AND SLOW-REACTING SUBSTANCE OF ANAPHYLAXIS FROM HUMAN LUNG
Authors: Orange Robert P. , Austen W. Gerald , Austen K. Frank
Published: December 2019

The sensitization of human lung with atopic serum is both time and temperature dependent. Highly purified IgE myeloma protein is capable of blocking sensitization of human lung with atopic serum whereas myeloma proteins of the IgG subgroups are inactive. Drugs capable of increasing cellular levels of CAMP such as ß-adrenergic agents and methylxanthines inhibit the antigen-induced release of both histamine and SRS-A from human lung and these agents demonstrate synergism when used together. The ß-adrenergic blocking agent, propranolol, prevents epinephrine-induced inhibition of the immunologic release of the mediators. Diethylcarbamazine also inhibits the antigen-induced release of histamine and SRS-A from human lung and a synergism between this drug and epinephrine is observed. Predominantly α-adrenergic stimulation achieved by combining propranolol with epinephrine or norepinephrine not only prevented the inhibitory activity of the sympathomimetic amines but also resulted in an enhanced release of histamine and SRS-A. These observations suggest that whereas increases in cellular levels of CAMP are inhibitory, decreases in cellular levels of CAMP enhance the antigen-induced release of the mediators.
STUDIES ON CHRONIC MEMBRANOPROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS WITH HYPOCOMPLEMENTEMIA
Authors: Michael Alfred F. , Westberg N. Gunnar , Fish Alfred J. , Vernier Robert L.
Published: December 2019

CMPGN with hypocomplementemia appears to be one identifiable form of progressive and destructive glomerulonephritis, but whether this is a specific pathogenetic entity has not been proven. The clinical features of the "disease" include presentation with either asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria, nephrotic syndrome, or gross hematuria and an acute nephritic syndrome. Morphologic studies reveal extensive mesangial cell proliferation and increased matrix with thickening of the glomerular capillary. Deposits of C3 and properdin uniformly are found predominantly in a peripheral lobular distribution by immunofluorescent microscopy; immunoglobulins are seen less consistently. These deposits are different from those seen in other glomerular diseases.

Serum complement abnormalities have also been demonstrated: depression of C3t (and ß1C/ß1A) with relatively normal earlier components, evidence for in vivo breakdown of C3 by labeled isotope studies and elevated α2D, presence of a serum inhibitor that inactivates guinea pig C3t and a pseudoglobulin lytic factor that in combination with a normal serum cofactor enzymatically cleaves C3 to α2D and ß1A.

The terminal complement inactivation and the uniform presence of properdin in these deposits suggesting an alternate pathway of immune injury must be balanced against immunopathologic observations which demonstrate glomerular deposits of immunoglobulins and earlier complement components. It is possible that both mechanisms may be operative in CMPGN.
IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASE IN CHRONIC VIRAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Oldstone Michael B. A. , Dixon Frank J.
Published: December 2019

Chronic viral infections of animals associated with immune complex disease resemble a number of human disorders. At present, on the basis of showing (a) virus, host antiviral antibody, and C3 deposited in a granular pattern along the glomerular capillary wall and in the mesangia and (b) virus-host Ig (presumably antiviral antibody) complexes in the circulation, immune complex disease occurs in chronic murine infections with LCM, LDV, MSV, and ADM. In addition, granular deposits in the glomeruli in Coxsachie B, polyoma, other leukemic viral infections in mice, equine anemia, and hog cholera suggest that immune complex disease also occurs in these infections.

In transplacental LCM infections maternal antiviral antibody transferredin utero or via milk induces very early and severe immune complex disease.

The severity of immune complex nephritis in mice neonatally or transplacentally infected with LCM virus is directly proportional to the amount of Ig elutable from the kidney and to the proportion of this Ig which reacts with the infecting virus.
INFECTIOUS VIRUS-ANTIBODY COMPLEXES: INTERACTION WITH ANTI-IMMUNOGLOBULINS, COMPLEMENT, AND RHEUMATOID FACTOR
Authors: Notkins Abner Louis
Published: December 2019

Interaction of antiviral antibody with the virion can result in the formation of infectious VA complexes. These complexes have been recovered from the blood of chronically infected animals and have been produced in vitro. Incubation of infectious VA complexes with specific anti-immunoglobulins or the purified first and fourth components of complement resulted in neutralization. With subneutralizing concentrations of the first and fourth components of complement, neutralization was enhanced by the addition of the second and third components of complement. RF attached to infectious VA complexes but failed to produce neutralization. The attachment of RF to VA complexes, however, increased the susceptibility of these complexes to neutralization by complement. These findings support the hypothesis that anti-immunoglobulins and complement result in neutralization by more extensive coverage of the surface of the virion than occurs with antiviral antibody alone. Other experiments showed that antiviral antibody increased the sedimentation of radio-labeled virus and that rate-zonal centrifugation could be used to purify VA complexes and to study factors which influence the association and dissociation of these complexes. Our experiments suggest that in vivo the attachment of accessory factors to infectious VA complexes might enhance virus neutralization and play a role in the pathogenesis of virus-induced immune complex disease.
Switch hitter: Bcl11b in T cells and ILC2s
Authors: Harly Christelle , Bhandoola Avinash
Published: December 2019

In this issue of JEM, Hosokawa et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20190972) establish that transcription factor Bcl11b regulates almost completely distinct sets of genes in T cell precursors and ILC2s. To understand how this occurs, they identify multiple levels of functional regulation for Bcl11b that are used differently by T cell precursors and ILC2s.
DIET AND TISSUE GROWTH
Authors: Smith Arthur H. , Moise T. S.
Published: December 2019

In Vol. xlv, No. 2, page 266, last line of Table I, for "300 mg. dried yeast daily given with each of the diets" read "700 mg. dried yeast daily given with each of the diets."
CHEMO-IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CONJUGATED CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEINS
Authors: Goebel Walther F.
Published: December 2019

Page 474, 8th line from the bottom, for Ca read G.
A FURTHER CONTRIBUTION TO VITAMIN C THERAPY IN EXPERIMENTAL POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: Jungeblut Claus W.
Published: December 2019

Page 319, Table II, last two entries under Vitamin C, for Salt solution reas Distilled water.
BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE VIRUS AND THE INCLUSION BODIES OF SILKWORM JAUNDICE
Authors: Glaser R. W. , Stanley W. M.
Published: December 2019

On pages 453, 461, and 462, Vol. 77, No. 5, May 1, 1943, in Tables I, VIII, and IX, for mg. read gm.
THE ELECTRICAL CHARGE OF MAMMALIAN RED BLOOD CELLS
Authors: Abramson Harold A. , Moyer Laurence S.
Published: December 2019

In Vol. 19, No. 4, March 20, 1936, page 603, in the eleventh line from the bottom of the page for "zj = 2, zjj = 1", read "zj = 1, zjj = 2".

On the same page in the fourteenth line from the bottom of the page for "jj(HPO4-)" read "jj(HPO4--)".
EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL CURRENTS ON THE ABSORPTION OF WATER BY EGGS OF NEREIS LIMBATA
Authors: Osterhout W. J. V.
Published: December 2019

In Vol. 33, No. 4, March 20, 1950, throughout the article entitled "Effects of electrical currents on the absorption of water by eggs of Nereis limbata," by Dr. Osterhout, (pages 379–388), read cathode in place of anode.
Temporal modes in quantum optics: then and now
Authors: Raymer Michael G , Walmsley Ian A
Published: December 2019

We review the concepts of temporal modes (TMs) in quantum optics, highlighting Roy Glauber’s crucial and historic contributions to their development, and their growing importance in quantum information science. TMs are orthogonal sets of wave packets that can be used to represent a multimode light field. They are temporal counterparts to transverse spatial modes of light and play analogous roles—decomposing multimode light into the most natural basis for isolating statistically independent degrees of freedom. We discuss how TMs were developed to describe compactly various processes: superfluorescence, stimulated Raman scattering, spontaneous parametric down conversion, and spontaneous four-wave mixing. TMs can be manipulated, converted, demultiplexed, and detected using nonlinear optical processes such as three-wave mixing and quantum optical memories. As such, they play an increasingly important role in constructing quantum information networks.
Shape reconstructions and morphing kinematics of an eagle during perching manoeuvres*
Authors: Tang Di , Liu Dawei , Zhu Hai , Huang Xipeng , Fan Zhongyong , Lei Mingxia
Published: December 2019

The key to high manoeuvre ability in bird flight lies in the combined morphing of wings and tail. The perching of a wild Haliaeetus Albicilla without running or wing flapping is recorded and investigated using a high-speed digital video. A shape reconstruction method is proposed to describe wing contours and tail contours during perching. The avian airfoil geometries of the Aquila Chrysaetos are extracted from noncontact surface measurements using a ROMBER 3D laser scanner. The wing planform, chord distribution and twist distribution are fitted in convenient analytical expressions to obtain a 3D wing geometry. A three-jointed arm model is proposed to associate with the 3D wing geometry, while a one-joint arm model is proposed to describe the kinematics of tail. Therefore, a 3D bird model is established. The perching sequences of the wild eagle are recaptured and regenerated with the proposed 3D bird model. A quasi-steady aerodynamic model is applied in the aerodynamic predictions, a four-step Adams–Bashforth method is used to calculate the ordinary differential equations, thus a BFGS based optimization method is established to predict the perching motions.
Discharge simulation and volt-second consumption analysis during ramp-up on the CFETR tokamak*
Authors: Liu Cheng-Yue , Wu Bin , Qian Jin-Ping , Li Guo-Qiang , Hou Ya-Wei , Wei Wei , Chen Mei-Xia , Lei Ming-Zhun , Guo Yong
Published: December 2019

The plasma current ramp-up is an important process for tokamak discharge, which directly affects the quality of the plasma and the system resources such as volt-second consumption and plasma current profile. The China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) ramp-up discharge is predicted with the tokamak simulation code (TSC). The main plasma parameters, the plasma configuration evolution and coil current evolution are given out. At the same time, the volt-second consumption during CFETR ramp-up is analyzed for different plasma shaping times and different plasma current ramp rates dI
P/dt with/without assisted heating. The results show that the earlier shaping time and the faster plasma current ramp rate with auxiliary heating will enable the volt-second to save 5%–10%. At the same time, the system ability to provide the volt-second is probably 470 V · s. These simulations will give some reference to engineering design for CFETR to some degree.
Nonlinear simulation of multiple toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes in tokamak plasmas*
Authors: Zhu Xiao-Long , Wang Feng , Wang Zheng-Xiong
Published: December 2019

Nonlinear evolution of multiple toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes (TAEs) driven by fast ions is self-consistently investigated by kinetic simulations in toroidal plasmas. To clearly identify the effect of nonlinear coupling on the beam ion loss, simulations over single-n modes are also carried out and compared with those over multiple-n modes, and the wave-particle resonance and particle trajectory of lost ions in phase space are analyzed in detail. It is found that in the multiple-n case, the resonance overlap occurs so that the fast ion loss level is rather higher than the sum loss level that represents the summation of loss over all single-n modes in the single-n case. Moreover, increasing fast ion beta β
h can not only significantly increase the loss level in the multiple-n case but also significantly increase the loss level increment between the single-n and multiple-n cases. For example, the loss level in the multiple-n case for β
h = 6.0% can even reach 13% of the beam ions and is 44% higher than the sum loss level calculated from all individual single-n modes in the single-n case. On the other hand, when the closely spaced resonance overlap occurs in the multiple-n case, the release of mode energy is increased so that the widely spaced resonances can also take place. In addition, phase space characterization is obtained in both single-n and multiple-n cases.
A computational model for the ionic self-assembly of nanoparticles under the influence of external electric fields
Authors: Baker E. , Withers M. O. , Aldrich E. , Shaffrey I. , Pusztay J. , Mazilu D. A. , Mazilu I.
Published: December 2019

We present a class of cooperative stochastic models for adsorption and evaporation of monomers on two- and three-dimensional lattices subjected to perpendicular external electric fields. These models are motivated by the fabrication of optical coatings using layer-by-layer self-assembly. We report computational and analytical results for the time-dependent particle density and discuss a particular experimental implementation of an ionic self-assembled monolayer under the influence of external electric fields.
Simulation of deformation in thin polymer films
Authors: Maksimova O G , Piskunov O S , Maksimov A V , Egorov V I , Baidganov A R
Published: December 2019

A model of the polymer system for computer simulation of deformation processes is presented. The model is a synthesis of analytical calculations (polymer chain in a tube) and a computer experiment (simulation of the orientational ordering of polar groups by the Monte Carlo method). Thanks to analytical calculations, this model makes it possible to analyse relatively large systems compared to other models. At the same time, the spent CPU time remains constant. The results of a simulation of stretching (stress-strain curves) a thin polymer film for various values of chain stiffness are given. The obtained curves have a characteristic “yield drop”.
Mathematical modeling of skyrmion shape deformation under uni-axial stresses
Authors: Koibuchi Hiroshi , Hog Sahbi EL , Egorov Vladislav , Kato Fumitake , Diep Hung T.
Published: December 2019

Skyrmion is a topologically stable spin texture and expected to be applied to the future computer memory. On the semiconductors such as FeGe and MnSi, the skyrmion configuration is stable in the sense that it is not strongly affected by a small variation of external stimuli such as temperature, magnetic field etc. In recent experiments, it was reported that the skymion shape is deformed from isotropic (or circular shape) to anisotropic (or elliptic shape) by an external mechanical stress. This shape deformation is caused by the so-called “strain-induced anisotropy (SIA)” of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). In this presentation, we study the reason why this SIA appears in the DMI coefficient on the basis of Finsler geometry modeling technique by introducing a microscopic strain field τ, which is caused by or interacts with the applied external mechanical force.
Sensivity analysis of impact ionization coefficients in an electronic device
Authors: Baquero Hugo Aya
Published: December 2019

Terminal current in a device increases when energetic carriers create additional carriers by impact ionization. Okuto and Crowell suggested an empirical model for describe this phenomenon. In this paper, Monte Carlo techniques were used to observe the effect of variability in the impact ionization coefficients on the results obtained from a computational model for electrons and holes transport. The model was implemented in FEM simulation tool, in order to study avalanche current in a MOSFET including uncertainty of the impact ionization coefficients of material.
Shortcuts to adiabaticity for a qubit using detuning control
Authors: Stefanatos Dionisis , Iliopoulos Nikos , Karanikolas Vasilios , Paspalakis Emmanuel
Published: December 2019

We derive shortcuts to adiabaticity for a two-level system using the detuning as sole control parameter while the Rabi frequency is kept fixed. We work in the adiabatic basis while we also employ a time-rescaling. The control function that we use is the time-derivative of the magnetic field angle relative to the z-axis. We find that a constant control attains adiabatic passage with perfect fidelity only at particular durations, which we call resonances. We also find that, if we use a control with appropriate on-off modulation, a perfect adiabatic passage is achieved for all durations exceeding the bound π/Ω, with Ω being the constant Rabi frequency. The advantage of the proposed methodology over previous works is that the detuning control obtained is continuous and monotonic. The present work may find applications in the field of quantum information. As an example we mention the problem of designing a CZ gate, which can be formulated as the problem of adiabatically controlling a two-level system using only the detuning.
Differences in the properties of fused silica and silicon dioxide films: results of the atomistic simulation
Authors: Grigoriev F V , Sulimov V B , Tikhonravov A V
Published: December 2019

The previously developed atomistic method of the thin film deposition simulation is used to study the differences of the structural and mechanical properties of silicon dioxide thin films and fused silica. It’s found that the bulk modulus, Young modulus and Poisson’s ratio are higher for high-energy deposited film than for low-energy deposited film and fused silica. All calculated values are in accordance with experimental data. The excess of the high-energy deposited film density above density of low-energy deposited film and fused silica in discussed in terms of the radial distribution function and cumulative number function.
Development of the formalism of the discrete element method for the study of the mechanical behavior of liquid-saturated porous materials on a pore scale
Authors: Shilko E V , Grigoriev A S , Lotkov A I
Published: December 2019

In the framework of a single computational approach (particle method), we developed a coupled microscale computer model of liquid-saturated micropores in a solid-phase carrier. Within the model, the solid-phase and liquid-phase components of the contrast system are modeled on the basis of the formalism of homogeneously deformable discrete elements. For computer simulation of flow of complex liquids (including aqueous solutions of drugs) in the micropore volume of the carrier, a new implementation of discrete elements has been developed. This implementation borrows key advantages of the dissipative particle dynamics method. Using the system of adjacent slit-shaped micropores in hydroxyapatite filled with water as an example, we showed an adequacy of the developed discrete element based formalism and its applicability for microscale study of the coupled problems including deformation of solid-phase skeleton and flow of liquids in micropore space.
Optical properties of biological tissues evaluation with a hybrid goniometer and integrating-sphere technique and Monte Carlo mathematical modelling
Authors: Kovalenko N V , Aloian G A , Mukhankov D M , Ryabushkin O A
Published: December 2019

A novel technique for measurements of optical properties of biological tissue samples is proposed. The scattered radiation pattern of the irradiated tissue was measured experimentally by changing the distance from the sample to the inlet of the integrating sphere. A Monte Carlo method was used for simulations of the radiation propagation in the sample. The optical properties of the aloe arborescens were determined via comparison of the simulation results to the experimentally measured angular dependence of the light power scattered and transmitted through the sample.
Modeling of real particles
Authors: Liang Z C
Published: December 2019

Real physics is a physical theory based on real particles. Real particles are elastic particles that have mass and volume, that can spin and deform. Real particles have three independent motion modes of translation, rotation and vibration. The three mode energies form a Cartesian energy space. The energy space has six phases and three zones. The three zones represent the states of gas, liquid and solid. Energy space is quantized by three quanta of translation, rotation and vibration. The ensemble statistics of real particles gives the partition function of objects, and establishes the thermodynamic relations and equations of real physics. Particles in real space form fields, and a complete set of particle field equations is derived through vector calculus. The particle field theory reveals the origin of gravitation and electromagnetic forces, and realizes the unification of interactions. This article introduces the theoretical framework of real physics and shows the main achievements of its application. The emphasis is to expound the thoughts and approaches of physical modeling, and to give consistent explanation to the fundamental problems of physics.
Numerical evaluation of low frequency sound propagation in two layered media
Authors: Bibicu D , Moldovanu S , Moraru L
Published: December 2019

This paper presents the simulation results of the infrasound sound energy transfer through various interfaces and discusses on the acoustic transparency of different media as a function of refraction index. Acoustic transparency is defined as the ratio of acoustic power radiated into the structure to the acoustic power emitted by a wave source. The effect of various surfaces on the transmission of infrasound has been studied by numerical simulation. To examine the transmitted homogeneous and inhomogeneous plane waves at the air - textile interface, we used MATLAB 2016 to calculate and plot the contributions of homogeneous and inhomogeneous plane waves as a function of frequency ranging from 3 to 5 Hz. Textiles (composed of natural or synthetic fibres) such as 100% cotton, 50% cotton – 50% flax, 100% wool (felt), nylon1 and nylon2 and flax showing various wave propagation properties were investigated. We found that almost the entire acoustic power passes through the interface of layered structure in the case of wool, cotton and flax, therefore the reflected power can be neglected. In the case of nylons, an amount of acoustic power ranging from 2% to 25% is reflected into air.
Eight-vertex model over Grassmann algebra
Authors: Kassenova T.K. , Tsyba P.Yu. , Razina O.V.
Published: December 2019

An eight-vertex model on a square lattice over a Grassmann algebra is investigated using an equation that is a three-dimensional generalization of the Yang-Baxter equation. Anticommuting quantum spin systems are studied, where the quasiclassical limit leads to some abstract classical physics with anticommuting variables. The solution of the quantum Yang-Baxter equation is the R - matrix, which corresponds to the transfer R - matrix of the eight-vertex model of statistical mechanics.
The soft stadium’s classical dynamics
Authors: Espinoza Ortiz J. S. , Lagos R. E.
Published: December 2019

Billiards are physical models employed to probe experiments that measure the conductivity of quantum dots. In this context, the stadium billiard have been adopted as an standard model for realizations. We study the effect of softening in a classical mechanics context, pursuing a more realistic model. This classical approach is a first step towards the truly quantum or semiclassical case. We define the soft stadium as a monomial potential with an exponent α ∈ ℜ as a parameter, such that for α = 1 the system is integrable and the α → ∞ limit converges to the hard billiard. Then, and for computational simplicity, we set up the construction of the classical Poincare map in such a way that it only depends on the partial separability of the system which holds for all α’s. We present numerical results describing the classical transition from the integrable regime towards the chaotic regime.
Investigation of a Family of Dynamic Systems with Reciprocal Polynomial Right Parts in a Poincare Circle
Authors: Andreeva I A
Published: December 2019

A paper describes methods and results of a fundamental study of some family of dynamic systems having reciprocal polynomial right parts, which is considered on the arithmetical (real) plane. One of the equations in these systems includes a cubic form in its right part, while the other one includes a square form. The goal was to find out all topologically different phase portraits possible for differential dynamic systems under consideration in a Poincare circle and outline close to coefficient criteria of them. A Poincare method of consecutive central and orthogonal mappings has been applied, and allowed to obtain more than 230 independent phase portraits. Each phase portrait has been described with a special table, every line of which corresponds to one invariant cell of the portrait and describes its boundary, as well as a source and a sink of its phase flow.

All finite and infinitely remote singularities of considered dynamic systems were investigated.
Dendrochronology Regression Models in Aufeis Formation Analysis
Authors: Pomortseva A A , Pomortsev O A , Rozhin S S , Trofimtsev Yu I
Published: December 2019

The paper examines the historical behaviour of such unique natural phenomena as the sheets of aufeis in the North East of Russia. They are studied using statistical methods for analyzing dendrochronological data. Dendrochronology is a scientific method based on comparing quantitative indicators of tree ring growth and the dynamics of aufeis formation in the past. Tree ring growth is an integral indicator which reflects the diversity of conditions in which trees grow and interact with the environment. Time series were obtained for the Ulakhan-Taryn and Buluus aufeis deposits located in the Middle Lena basin in Central Yakutia. Regression models were created using dendrochronological data, with the majority of the models being nonlinear. The sample mean, sample variance, and sample correlation coefficient were calculated for the time series. The regression model of the time series under study was represented as a combination of a non-random component, including the age trend and a climatic component, and a random component with zero expectation, which is the sum of factors unaccounted for, including autocorrelation. Depending on the locations where data were collected, both strong and moderate and weak dependencies of pine growth on aufeis influence were revealed. If there was strong or moderate aufeis influence, humidity had a minor impact on tree growth. If aufeis influence was weak, tree growth was moderately influenced by precipitation. There is a moderate dependence of tree growth on air temperature in all cases.
Graph topology resulting from addition and deletion of nodes determined by random walk
Authors: Ikeda Nobutoshi
Published: December 2019

How the power-law form of the degree distribution of networks can survive in the equilibrium state of number of nodes is an open question, since the deletion of nodes seriously affects the degree distribution. In this paper, we introduce a network evolution rule based on a random walk to describe the replacement of nodes in networks. Numerical results show that model assumptions support the power-law form of degree distribution even when the replacement of vertices achieves an equilibrium state of the number of vertices, and the distribution is described by the distribution of the maximum degree that each node experiences in its life. We showed additionally that the reduction of the addition probability of nodes causes an edge condensation to hub nodes. A novel feature of the model is that the visit frequency and recurrence property of the walker to a vertex determines the degree and lifetime of the vertex in an equilibrium state of the number of vertices.
Structural properties of two-phase deterministic multifractals
Authors: Marcelli Giorgia
Published: December 2019

In this work an analysis of the multifractal spectra, pair distance distribution function (pddf) and small-angle scattering (SAS) intensities from deterministic two-scale multifractals is performed in order to determine their structural properties. It is shown that the coefficients of the pddf are characterized by the presence of groups of distance pairs whose positions are related to the scaling factors of the fractal. It is found that the box counting dimension D
0 in the multifractal spectra coincides with the mas fractal dimension determined through the evaluation of scattering exponent in the fractal region of SAS curve. The length of the mass fractal region in reciprocal space is related to the relative values of the scaling factors. We illustrate these findings on a 2D Vicsek-like multifractals.
Fuzzy dynamic models of situation analysis, decision support, and control in complex systems
Authors: Bagdasaryan Armen , Gavric Dubravka
Published: December 2019

In this work we consider the theoretical foundations of building fuzzy models of system dynamics, analysis of situations, their development, and control in complex weakly-structured systems based on knowledge modeling and expert preferences. The proposed fuzzy models can serve as mathematical tool for analyzing the behavior of a system in various situations, as well as to serve as the basis of specialized computer simulation systems of decision support in unstructured fuzzy situations. As is known, decision making problems under uncertainty can be divided into two groups: decision making in static situations and decision making in dynamic situations. For decision making in static situations, the methods and models of decision support based on the theory of choice are developed. For decision-making in dynamic situations, the dynamic models, including those based on expert knowledge, are used. To build a dynamic model of a situation, the expert knowledge about physical, economic, or social processes occurring in a system, which are represented as a cognitive map, is employed. The models of analysis of static situations are focused on evaluation and ordering of alternatives, and models of analysis of dynamic situations are focused on generating of strategies (alternatives) to achieve the targets of control, that is, the desired target state of the situation. Thus, one of the aims of this paper is to develop mathematical methods for constructing integrated decision support models based on fuzzy models of hierarchical estimation, control, and fuzzy cognitive modeling.
Analysis of the probability distribution of time series of word frequencies
Authors: Bochkarev Vladimir V. , Shevlyakova Anna V.
Published: December 2019

Knowledge of probability distribution of frequency of words and phrases is important in solving many practical problems such as estimation of semantic similarity between words, detection of semantic changes and others. It is assumed by many researchers that frequencies of words obey the Poisson law. However, there is much evidence that the Poisson distribution describes empirical data unsatisfactory. The analysis of the probability law in this case is greatly complicated by the fact that series of frequencies in most cases are non-stationary. This paper discusses the distribution law of time series of word frequencies based on the Google Books Ngram corpus data. It is shown that the correlation between the first moments of the frequencies differs from that expected in the assumption of the Poisson distribution. In particular, anomalously high values of frequency dispersion are observed for words with high frequency. To check the significance of deviations from the Poisson law, statistical modeling of frequency series was performed.