bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heat as a Force of Nature
Authors: Fuchs Hans U. , Corni Federico
Published: October 2023

Here on Earth, nature comes to life with the „fire” of the Sun—when the Sun’s light is received, heat is created to which, as Sadi Carnot said, „we must attribute the great movements which attract our attention here on Earth; it is to heat that we owe the agitations of the atmosphere, the rise of clouds, the fall of rain and other meteors, the currents of water which channel the surface of the globe, and of which man has thus far employed but a small portion. Even earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are the result of heat.
Imagining Forces – Towards Visual Storytelling
Authors: Fuchs Hans U. , Corni Federico
Published: October 2023

In 2014, Marion Deichmann (2014a,b) set out to explain the inner workings of natural and technical systems in an imaginative manner.
Whole-genome sequence and mass spectrometry study of the snow blight fungus Phacidium infestans (Karsten) DSM 5139 growing at freezing temperatures
Authors: Zerouki C. , Chakraborty K. , Kuittinen S. , Pappinen A. , Turunen O.
Published: October 2023

Phacidium infestans (synonym Gremmenia infestans) is a significant pathogen that impacts Pinus species across the northern regions of Europe and Asia. This study introduces the genome sequence of P. infestans Karsten DSM 5139 (Phain), obtained through Pacbio technology. The assembly resulted in 44 contigs, with a total genome size of 36,805,277 bp and a Guanine–Cytosine content of 46.4%. Genome-mining revealed numerous putative biosynthetic gene clusters that code for virulence factors and fungal toxins. The presence of the enzyme pisatin demethylase was indicative of the potential of Phain to detoxify its environment from the terpenoid phytoalexins produced by its host as a defense mechanism. Proteomic analysis revealed the potential survival strategies of Phain under the snow, which included the production of antifreeze proteins, trehalose synthesis enzymes, desaturases, proteins related to elongation of very long-chain fatty acids, and stress protein responses. Study of protein GH11 endoxylanase expressed in Escherichia coli showed an acidic optimum pH (pH 5.0) and a low optimum temperature (45 °C), which is reflective of the living conditions of the fungus. Mass spectrometry analysis of the methanol extract of Phain, incubated at − 3 °C and 22 °C, revealed differences in the produced metabolites. Both genomic and mass spectrometry analyses showed the ability of Phain to adapt its metabolic processes and secretome to freezing temperatures through the production of osmoprotectant and cryoprotectant metabolites. This comprehensive exploration of Phain's genome sequence, proteome, and secretome not only advances our understanding of its unique adaptive mechanisms but also expands the possibilities of biotechnological applications.
Shaping the auditory peripersonal space with motor planning in immersive virtual reality
Authors: Geronazzo Michele , Barumerli Roberto , Cesari Paola
Published: October 2023

Immersive audio technologies require personalized binaural synthesis through headphones to provide perceptually plausible virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) simulations. We introduce and apply for the first time in VR contexts the quantitative measure called premotor reaction time (pmRT) for characterizing sonic interactions between humans and the technology through motor planning. In the proposed basic virtual acoustic scenario, listeners are asked to react to a virtual sound approaching from different directions and stopping at different distances within their peripersonal space (PPS). PPS is highly sensitive to embodied and environmentally situated interactions, anticipating the motor system activation for a prompt preparation for action. Since immersive VR applications benefit from spatial interactions, modeling the PPS around the listeners is crucial to reveal individual behaviors and performances. Our methodology centered around the pmRT is able to provide a compact description and approximation of the spatiotemporal PPS processing and boundaries around the head by replicating several well-known neurophysiological phenomena related to PPS, such as auditory asymmetry, front/back calibration and confusion, and ellipsoidal action fields.
High levels of CRBN isoform lacking IMiDs binding domain predicts for a worse response to IMiDs-based upfront therapy in newly diagnosed myeloma patients
Authors: Borsi Enrica , Mazzocchetti Gaia , Dico Angela Flores , Vigliotta Ilaria , Martello Marina , Poletti Andrea , Solli Vincenza , Armuzzi Silvia , Taurisano Barbara , Kanapari Ajsi , Pistis Ignazia , Zamagni Elena , Tacchetti Paola , Pantani Lucia , Mancuso Katia , Rocchi Serena , Rizzello Ilaria , Cavo Michele , Terragna Carolina
Published: October 2023

In recent years, the immunoderivative (IMiD) agents have been extensively used for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). IMiDs and their newer derivatives CRBN E3 ligase modulator bind the E3 ligase substrate recognition adapter protein cereblon (CRBN), which has been recognized as one of the IMiDs’ direct target proteins, and it is essential for the therapeutic effect of these agents.

High expression of CRBN was associated with improved clinical response in patients with MM treated with IMiDs, further confirming that the expression of IMiDs’ direct target protein CRBN is required for the anti-MM activity. CRBN’s central role as a target of IMiDs suggests potential utility as a predictive biomarker of response or resistance to IMiDs therapy. Additionally, the presence of alternatively spliced variants of CRBN in MM cells, especially those lacking the drug-binding domain for IMiDs, raise questions concerning their potential biological function, making difficult the transcript measurement, which leads to inaccurate overestimation of full-length CRBN transcripts. In sight of this, in the present study, we evaluated the CRBN expression, both full-length and spliced isoforms, by using real-time assay data from 87 patients and RNA sequencing data from 50 patients (n = 137 newly diagnosed MM patients), aiming at defining CRBN’s role as a predictive biomarker for response to IMiDs-based induction therapy. We found that the expression level of the spliced isoform tends to be higher in not-responding patients, confirming that the presence of a more CRBN spliced transcript predicts for lack of IMiDs response.
Bloodstream infections in neutropenic and non-neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies: epidemiological trends and clinical outcomes in Queensland, Australia over the last 20 years
Authors: Peri Anna Maria , Edwards Felicity , Henden Andrea , Harris Patrick N. A. , Chatfield Mark D. , Paterson David L. , Laupland Kevin B.
Published: October 2023

Knowledge of the epidemiology of bloodstream infection (BSI) in haematology patients is essential to guide patient management. We investigated the epidemiology of BSI in patients with haematological malignancies in Queensland over the last 20 years (2000–2019), including all episodes diagnosed by the state-wide microbiology service. We identified 7749 BSI in 5159 patients, 58% associated with neutropenia. Gram-negatives were the main causative pathogens (58.3%), more frequent in neutropenic than non-neutropenic patients (3308/5309, 62.3% vs 1932/3678, 52.5%, p < 0.001). Amongst 8987 isolates the most common were E.coli (15.4%) and Pseudomonas spp. (14.2%). Pseudomonas spp. (16.6% vs 10.7%, p < 0.001), Klebsiella spp. (11.6% vs 6.8%, p < 0.001), viridans-group streptococci (4.4% vs 1.2%, p < 0.001) and E.faecium (2.4% vs 0.9%, p < 0.001) were more common in neutropenic than non-neutropenic patients, while S.aureus was less common (5.9% vs 15.6%, p < 0.001). Several antimicrobial resistance rates increased over time and had higher prevalence in neutropenic than non-neutropenic patients, including ciprofloxacin-resistant E.coli (94/758, 12.4% vs 42/506, 8.3%, p = 0.021), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant E.coli (366/764, 47.9% vs 191/517, 36.9%, p < 0.001), penicillin-resistant streptococci (51/236, 21.6% vs 28/260, 10.8%, p < 0.001) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (46/250, 18.4% vs 9/144, 6.3%, p < 0.001). Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas spp. (OR 7.32, 95%CI 2.78–19.32) and fungi, including yeasts and moulds (OR 3.33, 95%CI 2.02–5.48) were associated to the highest odds of 30-day case-fatality at a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Neutropenia was associated with survival (OR 0.66, 95%CI 0.55–0.78). Differences were observed in the BSI epidemiology according to neutropenic status, with an overall increase of resistance over time associated to adverse outcome.
Energy efficient power cap configurations through Pareto front analysis and machine learning categorization
Authors: Cabrera Alberto , Almeida Francisco , Castellanos-Nieves Dagoberto , Oleksiak Ariel , Blanco Vicente
Published: October 2023

The growing demand for more computing resources has increased the overall energy consumption of computer systems. To support this increasing demand, power and energy consumption must be considered as a constraint on software execution. Modern architectures provide tools for managing the power constraints of a system directly. The Intel Power Cap is a relatively new tool developed to give users fine-grained control over power usage at the central processing unit (CPU) level. The complexity of these tools, in addition to the high variety of modern heterogeneous architectures, hinders predictions of the energy consumption and the performance of any target software. The application of power capping technologies usually leads to the bi-objective optimization problem for energy efficiency and execution time but optimal power constraints could also produce exceeding performance losses. Thus, methods and tools are needed to calculate the proper parameters for power capping technologies, and to optimize energy efficiency. We propose a methodology to analyze the performance and the energy efficiency trade-offs using this power cap technology for a given application. A Pareto front is extracted for the multi-objective performance and energy problem, which represents multiple feasible configurations for both objectives. An extensive experimentation is carried out to categorize the different applications to determine the overall optimal power cap configurations. We propose the use of machine learning (ML) clustering techniques to categorize each application in the target architecture. The use of ML allows us to automate the process and simplifies the effort required to solve the optimization problem. A practical case is presented where we categorize the applications using ML techniques, with the possibility of adding a new application into an existing categorization.
Calabi–Yau operators of degree two
Authors: Almkvist Gert , van Straten Duco
Published: October 2023

We show that the solutions to the equations, defining the so-called Calabi–Yau condition for fourth-order operators of degree two, define a variety that consists of ten irreducible components. These can be described completely in parametric form, but only two of the components seem to admit arithmetically interesting operators. We include a description of the 69 essentially distinct fourth-order Calabi–Yau operators of degree two that are presently known to us.
An ontology for defining and characterizing demonstration environments
Authors: Nie Wei , De Vita Katharina , Masood Tariq
Published: October 2023

Demonstration Environments (DEs) are essential tools for testing and demonstrating new technologies, products, and services, and reducing uncertainties and risks in the innovation process. However, the terminology used to describe these environments is inconsistent, leading to heterogeneity in defining and characterizing them. This makes it difficult to establish a universal understanding of DEs and to differentiate between the different types of DEs, including testbeds, pilot-plants, and living labs. Moreover, existing literature lacks a holistic view of DEs, with studies focusing on specific types of DEs and not offering an integrated perspective on their characteristics and applicability in different contexts. This study proposes an ontology for knowledge representation related to DEs to address this gap. Using an ontology learning approach analyzing 3621 peer-reviewed journal articles, we develop a standardized framework for defining and characterizing DEs, providing a holistic view of these environments. The resulting ontology allows innovation managers and practitioners to select appropriate DEs for achieving their innovation goals, based on the characteristics and capabilities of the specific type of DE. The contributions of this study are significant in advancing the understanding and application of DEs in innovation processes. The proposed ontology provides a standardized approach for defining and characterizing DEs, reducing inconsistencies in terminology and establishing a common understanding of these environments. This enables innovation managers and practitioners to select appropriate DEs for their specific innovation goals, facilitating more efficient and effective innovation processes. Overall, this study provides a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers interested in the effective use of DEs in innovation.
A mixed-integer approximation of robust optimization problems with mixed-integer adjustments
Authors: Kronqvist Jan , Li Boda , Rolfes Jan
Published: October 2023

In the present article we propose a mixed-integer approximation of adjustable-robust optimization problems, that have both, continuous and discrete variables on the lowest level. As these trilevel problems are notoriously hard to solve, we restrict ourselves to weakly-connected instances. Our approach allows us to approximate, and in some cases exactly represent, the trilevel problem as a single-level mixed-integer problem. This allows us to leverage the computational efficiency of state-of-the-art mixed-integer programming solvers. We demonstrate the value of this approach by applying it to the optimization of power systems, particularly to the control of smart converters.
State-of-the-art in the accumulation of lipids and other bioproducts from sustainable sources by Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Naveira-Pazos Cecilia , Robles-Iglesias Raúl , Fernández-Blanco Carla , Veiga María C. , Kennes Christian
Published: October 2023

Energy and environmental issues related to conventional fossil-derived products and fuels have led researchers to focus on alternative, more environmentally-friendly processes, such as the production of microbial oils from renewable feedstocks or even pollutants as sustainable sources of biofuels, allowing to progressively move away from the use of fossil fuels. Among the oleaginous yeasts, Yarrowia lipolytica is a highly promising cell factory and microbial oil producer because of its high capacity to accumulate lipids for subsequent biofuel production. Y. lipolytica also stands out for its ability to assimilate various carbon sources, even at low cost, reaching lipid concentrations of at least 30% by weight with non-genetically modified strains, and even much higher values with engineered organisms. Among others, fatty acids have attracted recent interest as substrates for their lower cost and possible production from pollutants compared to sugars. This review pays special attention to some of those emerging carbon sources, i.e., carboxylic acids and even greenhouse gases. Besides, another focus is to provide detailed up to date information on the main characteristics and factors that most influence the fermentation process of this yeast, with the ultimate aim of optimising the bioconversion process and the synthesis of useful metabolites. Besides, the reader will find comprehensive information on the industrial applicability of the synthesised lipids, in addition to the production of biofuels. Apart from lipids, other metabolites of interest that can be synthesised by Y. lipolytica are also discussed.
Is Lack of Literature Engagement a Reason for Rejecting a Paper in Philosophy?
Authors: Lundgren Björn
Published: October 2023

Although philosophy cites less than most other academic subjects, many scholars still take a lack of reference to and engagement with the relevant literature as a reason to reject a paper in philosophy. Here I argue against that idea. Literature requests should only in rare circumstances be an absolute requirement, and a lack of (engagement with) references is not a good reason to reject a paper. Lastly, I briefly discuss whether an author has reasons to provide references, and I argue that although there are special circumstances in which we ought to avoid referencing papers, there are strong reasons in favor of engaging with the literature. Hence there is an asymmetry between what the author has a reason to do in writing a paper and how reviewers and editors ought to evaluate it.
Difference-Making Conditionals and Connexivity
Authors: Rott Hans
Published: October 2023

Today there is a wealth of fascinating studies of connexive logical systems. But sometimes it looks as if connexive logic is still in search of a convincing interpretation that explains in intuitive terms why the connexive principles should be valid. In this paper I argue that difference-making conditionals as presented in Rott (Review of Symbolic Logic 15, 2022) offer one principled way of interpreting connexive principles. From a philosophical point of view, the idea of difference-making demands full, unrestricted connexivity, because neither logical truths nor contradictions or other absurdities can ever ‘make a difference’ (i.e., be relevantly connected) to anything. However, difference-making conditionals have so far been only partially connexive. I show how the existing analysis of difference-making conditionals can be reshaped to obtain full connexivity. The classical AGM belief revision model is replaced by a conceivability-limited revision model that serves as the semantic base for the analysis. The key point of the latter is that the agent should never accept any absurdities.
Protectionism and Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions Undertaken by US Multinational Enterprises: The Moderating Role of Intellectual Property Rights Protection
Authors: Arslan Ahmad , Bazel-Shoham Ofra , Imes Matthew , Lee Sang Mook , Shoham Amir
Published: October 2023

This paper examines the impact of protectionism and intellectual property right (IPR) protection in host markets on cross-border mergers and acquisitions (CB M&As). CB M&As have become important vehicles for firms to expand into foreign markets and acquire strategic assets. In recent years, the topic has attracted significant scholarly interest. Recently, many countries have enacted protectionist measures to protect local firms and jobs. Consequently, the impact such measures have on economic activities is under debate in the literature. This study leverages the vital context of CB M&As undertaken by US multinational enterprises (MNEs) between 2011 and 2017 in 49 host countries. The findings indicate that host country IPR protection has a much more substantial and positive impact on CB M&A activities undertaken by USA MNEs than the protectionist policies of the host country by itself. The findings further suggest that, although local protectionism, by itself, does not play a significant role in CB M&As, its presence strengthens the positive effect of IPR protection on CB M&A activities in the host country, thereby supporting the contingent role of such protection. These findings have important implications for research, practice, and policy.
Outcomes of totally robotic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients with BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2: can the robot level out “traditional” risk factors?
Authors: Kauffels Anne , Reichert Martin , Sauerbier Lisa , Hauenschild Annette , Hecker Andreas , Strowitzki Moritz J. , Sprenger Thilo
Published: October 2023

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 50 kg/m2 is a challenging procedure and BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 has been identified as independent risk factor for postoperative complications and increased morbidity in previous studies. The objective of the present study was to assess whether a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 and various established risk factors maintain their significance in patients undergoing fully robotic RYGB (rRYGB). A single-center analysis of prospectively collected data of 113 consecutive patients undergoing standardized rRYGB with robotic stapling technique and hand-sewn gastrojejunostomy using the daVinci Xi system. Surgical outcomes were analyzed considering a number of individual perioperative risk factors including BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2. The mean BMI of the total cohort was 50.6 ± 5.5 kg/m2 and 63.7% of patients had a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2. There were no major surgical and perioperative complications in patients with BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 as well as in those with BMI < 50 kg/m2 after rRYGB. We identified female sex and surgeon experience but neither body weight, BMI, metabolic disorders, ASA nor EOSS scores as independent factors for shorter operation times (OT) in multivariate analyses. Complication rates and length of hospital stay (LOS) did not significantly differ between patients with potential risk factors and those without. rRYGB is a safe procedure in both, patients with BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 and with BMI < 50 kg/m2. Higher body weight and BMI did affect neither OT nor LOS. A fully robotic approach for RYGB might help to overcome “traditional” risk factors identified in conventional laparoscopic bariatric surgery. However, larger and prospective studies are necessary to confirm these results.
Epilogue: Chicken or Egg? The Role of Newcomer Migrants in the Revitalization of ‘Left-Behind’ Areas
Authors: Zoomers Annelies
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This contribution questions the common assumptions and practices concerning the hosting of newcomers in depopulated, remote and disinvested places in order to revitalize these places. While newcomers can contribute to new socioeconomic vitality in marginalised areas, they should not be taken as the only or main solution. Drawing on the debate surrounding the migration–development nexus, which has mainly been applied in global South contexts, I advocate demigrantizing our thinking and debunking the divide between newcomers and locals. Rather than focusing on the integration of migrants, emphasis should be put on how diverse members of these changing communities, regardless of their length of residence, can attract the right (e.g. sustainable and inclusive) projects and investors. I argue that the reallocation of public funding, new (translocal) solidarities and people-based investment plans are imperative if we are to solve the problem of growing poverty and inequality in Europe.
Exploring oncogenes for renal clear cell carcinoma based on G protein-coupled receptor-associated genes
Authors: Zhu Chengcun , Sun Zhou , Wang Jie , Meng Xiangdi , Ma Zhaosen , Guo Rui , Niu Jiqiang , Tran Lisa Jia , Zhang Jing , Jiang Tianxiao , Liu Yunfei , Ye Fangdie , Ma Baoluo
Published: October 2023

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a class of receptors on cell membranes that regulate various biological processes in cells, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and metabolism, by interacting with G proteins. However, the role of G protein-coupled receptors in predicting the prognosis of renal clear cell carcinoma is still unknown. The transcriptome data and clinical profiles of renal clear cell carcinoma patients, were downloaded from TCGA databases, and the validation group data were downloaded from number GSE167573, including 63 tumor samples and 14 normal samples. Single-cell RNA sequencing data were downloaded from the GEO database, No. GSE152938 and selected samples were used for GSEA enrichment analysis, WGCNA subgroup analysis, single-cell data analysis, and mutation analysis to explore the role of G protein-coupled receptor-related genes in the diagnosis and prognosis of renal clear cell carcinoma and to verify their reliability with cellular experiments. Finally, this study establishes a disease model based on G protein-coupled receptor-related genes, which may help to propose targeted therapeutic regimens in different strata of renal cell carcinoma patients.Author names: Please confirm if the author names are presented accurately and in the correct sequence (given name, middle name/initial, family name). Author: Given name [Lisa Jia] Last name [Tran].It's ok!
Relation between increasing attachment security and weight gain: a clinical study of adolescents and their parents at an outpatient ward
Authors: Gezelius Christina M. E. , Wahlund Björn A. , Wiberg Britt M.
Published: October 2023

Purpose

We wanted to evaluate the impact of a relational focus in the treatment of adolescent ED-patients and their parents at an intensive outpatient ward, based on attachment theory, combined with a family approach and psychodynamic principles. Our aim was to investigate the distribution of different attachment styles among the adolescent ED-patients and their parents, and to find out if they could change by the treatment.

Methods

Swedish adolescents (n = 33; 3 boys, 30 girls) and their parents (n = 60; 34 mothers, 26 fathers) participated. Measures: Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ), Body Mass Index (BMI) and Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) before and after treatment.

Results

The adolescents were high on Need for Approval (ASQ4) of the Insecure/Anxious scale before treatment (in contrast to the parents). The patients had a significant decrease in ASQ4 after treatment, which correlated inversely to the increase in BMI but not to CGAS. The mothers showed features of the Secure/Confident style, fathers of the Insecure/Avoidant with elevated Relationships as Secondary (ASQ2).

Conclusions

Treatment with a relational and a family focus has impact on attachment insecurity in adolescent ED-patients and outcomes in terms of BMI. It is important to engage the parents, who need to help the adolescents to separate at that developmental stage. A secure therapeutic context, which enables mentalizations and allows new relational experiences, is essential. The ASQ-instrument is useful in indicating how the treatment of ED-adolescents is proceeding.

Level of evidence

Level IV: evidence obtained from multiple time series with the intervention.
A prefrontal cortex alpha/delta switch controls the transition from positive to negative affective states
Authors: Burgdorf Jeffrey S. , Moskal Joseph R.
Published: October 2023

Positive and negative emotional states in rats can be studied by investigating ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). Positive affect in rats is indexed by 50 kHz hedonic USVs, and negative affect is indexed by 22 kHz aversive calls. We examined the relationship of emotional states in rats using medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) quantitative electroencephalograms (qEEG) and found that hedonic USVs were associated with active wake qEEG (high alpha/low delta power), and aversive USVs occurred with groggy wake qEEG (low alpha/high delta). Further, alpha frequency electrical stimulation of the MPFC induces hedonic calls and reward-seeking behavior, whereas delta frequency stimulation produces aversive calls and avoidance behavior. The brain region responsible for generating motor output for USVs, the periaqueductal gray (PAG), shows a motor-evoked potential that is temporally locked to the alpha (hedonic) and delta (aversive) motor-evoked potential. Closed-loop alpha frequency electrical stimulation could prevent delta qEEG and aversive USVs. At the neuronal circuit level, the alpha rhythm was associated with synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) in the cortex, whereas the delta rhythm was associated with synaptic depotentiation (LTD) in the cortex. At the pharmacological level, NMDAR and growth factor modulation regulated these forms of neuroplasticity. At the single neuron level, excitatory neurons show increased activity in response to alpha frequencies and decreased activity during delta frequencies. In humans, the feeling of joy increased alpha and decreased delta power in frontal scalp qEEG, and the opposite response was seen for sadness. Thus, the synchronization of alpha/delta oscillations through the neuronal circuit responsible for emotional expression coordinates emotional behavior, and the switch between active wake/positive affect and groggy wake/negative affect is under the control of an LTP- LTD synaptic plasticity mechanism.
The spatial linkage of Taobao Villages in Haining City based on the operation process
Authors: Zhu Chasong , Wang Xin , Wang De , Zhong Weijing
Published: October 2023

As an industrial phenomenon with rich Chinese characteristics, Taobao Villages have formed a complete industrial chain from production to sale and core goods to supporting industries, bringing extensive spatial linkage and profound influence. Through questionnaire surveys and interviews, the paper obtained first-hand data on Taobao Village stores in Haining City and explored the spatial linkage characteristics of Taobao Village’s industrial chain from the operation process perspective. The results revealed that the operation process of online stores can be divided into four core parts: research & development or sampling, production or purchasing, online sale, and delivery. The main operation parts of self-production and sales stores and local-dependent online market-oriented stores were in Haining City, forming close industrial linkages, whereas for nonlocal-dependent online market-oriented stores, only a few parts of the operation process were in Haining. Accordingly, Taobao Villages and Haining City undertook all parts of the operation, becoming a complex space and also the main area realizing a strong spatial linkage among Taobao Villages. The area outside Jiaxing City is mainly a sales market (Hangzhou City provides a sales platform), and their connection with Taobao Village relies primarily on the Internet. To form a more extensive spatial linkage and play a leading role, Haining City should encourage the self-production and sales stores and local-dependent online market-oriented stores to create a locally-rooted production system or industrial cluster.
From Loss to Memory
Authors: Huttenlocher Anna
Published: October 2023

How do the billions of connections between neurons in our brain change as we learn and remember? This is the story of the discovery and the discoverer of synaptic pruning, the process of synapse elimination central to making us who we are. Taking the reader from Professor Peter Huttenlocher's childhood in wartime and post-war Germany to his emigration to the US to reunite with his mother and the launch and progress of a career in medicine and research, we uncover the motivations and process of scientific discovery that led to an unexpected leap in our understanding of the human brain. Decades after the discovery, the importance of synaptic pruning to early learning, autism, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and other conditions are now in the process of being uncovered.
Monteverdi and the Marvellous
Authors: Giles Roseen
Published: October 2023

The marvellous, a key concept in literary debates at the turn of the seventeenth century, involved sensory and perspectival transformation, a rhetoric built on the unexpected, contradictory, and thought-provoking. The composer Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643) created a new practice in which the expressive materials of music and poetry were placed in concert. This innovative new study of Monteverdi's literary personality integrates musical and poetic analysis to create an approach to text-music relations that addresses scholars of both literature and music. It illuminates how experiments in language and perception at the turn of the seventeenth century were influenced and informed by the work of musicians of that era. Giles provides a new perspective on the music and poetry of Monteverdi's madrigals through the poetics of the marvellous. In his madrigals, Monteverdi created a reciprocity between poetry and music which encouraged audiences to contemplate their interactions, and, consequently, to listen differently.
Network analysis of physical activity and depressive and affective symptoms during COVID-19 home confinement
Authors: Cecchini José A. , Carriedo Alejandro , Méndez-Giménez Antonio , Fernández-Río Javier
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the network structure of physical activity, frequency, depressive, and affective symptoms in people under home isolation due to COVID-19. Method: A longitudinal study was conducted in two phases (beginning (March 19, 2020) and end of home confinement (April 8, 2020)). The sample consisted of 579 participants from Spain (250 men and 329 women) aged 16 to 92 years (overall sample: M = 47.06, SD = 14.52). A network analysis was performed. Results: Four clusters emerged (PA, depressive symptoms, positive affect, and negative affect). A higher frequency of physical activity was related to better-sustained attention, increased alertness, and enthusiasm. In addition, feelings of guilt and shame were mitigated, and confinement distress and irritability were reduced. Physical activity also mitigated fatigue in women, whereas feelings of unhappiness were reduced in men. Conclusion: Physical activity seems to be an effective option for mitigating the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health policymakers should develop programs to promote physical activity in order to be able to cope with confinement or similar scenarios in the future.
A scaling law for the length of granular jumps down smooth inclines
Authors: Escobar Andrés , Guillard François , Einav Itai , Faug Thierry
Published: October 2023

Granular jumps commonly develop during granular flows over complex topographies or when hitting retaining structures. While this process has been well-studied for hydraulic flows, in granular flows such jumps remain to be fully explored, given the role of interparticle friction. Predicting the length of granular jumps is a challenging question, relevant to the design of protection dams against avalanches. In this study, we investigate the canonical case of standing jumps formed in granular flows down smooth inclines using extensive numerical simulations based on the discrete element method. We consider both two- and three-dimensional configurations and vary the chute bottom friction to account for the crucial interplay between the sliding along the smooth bottom and the shearing across the granular bulk above. By doing so, we derived a robust scaling law for the jump length that is valid over a wide range of Froude numbers and takes into account the influence of the packing density. The findings have potential implications on a number of situations encountered in industry as well as problems associated with natural hazards.
Computational theories should be made with natural language instead of meaningless code
Authors: DeScioli Peter
Published: October 2023

The target article claims that we should speak in code to understand property, because natural language is too ambiguous. Yet the best computer programmers tell us the opposite: Arbitrary code is too ambiguous, so we should use natural language for variables, functions, and classes. I discuss how meaningless code makes Boyer's theory too enigmatic to properly debate.
Primordial feeling of possession in development
Authors: Rochat Philippe
Published: October 2023

Boyer's minimalist model of human ownership psychology overlooks important cues that children provide in their development leading them from pre-conceptual to conceptual (symbolic) expressions of the basic feeling experience of control over things, qua ownership in the most basic psychological sense. Appeal for innate core knowledge and evolutionary logic blows out the light of this rich and unique ontogenetic progression.
Reciprocal contracts – not competitive acquisition – explain the moral psychology of ownership
Authors: André Jean-Baptiste , Fitouchi Léo , Baumard Nicolas
Published: October 2023

We applaud Boyer's attempt to ground the psychology of ownership partly in a cooperative logic. In this commentary, we propose to go further and ground the psychology of ownership solely in a cooperative logic. The predictions of bargaining theory, we argue, completely contradict the actual features of ownership intuitions. Ownership is only about the calculation of mutually beneficial, reciprocal contracts.
No single notion of cooperation explains when we respect ownership
Authors: Fonn Erik Kjos , Zahl Joakim Haugane , Kristensen Bjørn Dahl , Margoni Francesco , Thomsen Lotte
Published: October 2023

Cooperation is fundamentally moderated by the form of relationship between the actors involved, as is normative resource distribution. We argue that possessions are likely treated differently across different types of cooperative relationships. Whereas Boyer's computational model might in principle account for this, the theory would benefit from a specification of how different cooperative contexts can shape the representation of ownership.
Boyer's minimal model should also represent multiple ownership without collective agency
Authors: Umbreș Radu
Published: October 2023

Boyer's minimal model of ownership psychology suggests that joint possession triggers representations of collective agency. However, many forms of co-ownership based on cooperation or competition can be represented as a set of P() or L() tags without inferring a unifying collective entity. Moreover, representations of partible ownership are required to engage in cooperative production and distribution of resources.
Psychological ownership: Actors' and observers' perspectives
Authors: Morewedge Carey K. , Weiss Liad
Published: October 2023

Psychological ownership may be judged differently or similarly for self and others. Potential differences in how ownership is evaluated by actors and observers raise important questions about the concept of ownership (what is Mine, Ours, and Theirs) and how to resolve conflicting perceptions.
The missing link? How do non-human primates fit in the minimalist model of ownership?
Authors: Kanngiesser Patricia
Published: October 2023

Can Boyer's model of ownership psychology provide useful insights for comparative research? I apply his model to argue that we currently have evidence for possession psychology (based on competitive resource acquisition) in non-human primates, but not for ownership psychology.
Not by intuitions alone: Institutions shape our ownership behaviour
Authors: Blazsek Reka , Heintz Christophe
Published: October 2023

Every day, people make decisions about who owns what. What cognitive processes produce this? The target article emphasises the role of biologically evolved intuitions about competition and cooperation. We elaborate the role of cultural evolutionary processes for solving coordination problems. A model based fully on biological evolution misses important insights for explaining the arbitrariness and historical contingency in ownership beliefs.
Clinical impact of COVID-19 in patients with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia
Authors: Kim Jeong Yeon , Lee Woo Joo , Suh Jin Woong , Kim Sun Bean , Sohn Jang Wook , Yoon Young Kyung
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on treatment outcomes in critically ill patients with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) bloodstream infection (BSI). This single-centre, retrospective cohort study was conducted in a 1,048-bed university-affiliated tertiary hospital in the Republic of Korea from January 2021 to March 2022. The study participants included consecutive hospitalised adult patients (aged ≥18 years) in the intensive care unit with CRAB monomicrobial BSI. During the study period, a total of 70 patients were included in our study, and 24 (34.3%) were diagnosed with COVID-19. The 28-day mortality rate was 64.3%. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, diagnosis of COVID-19 (hazard ratio (HR), 2.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45–5.87), neutropenia (HR, 2.76; 95% CI: 1.04–7.29), Pitt bacteraemia score (per point; HR, 1.30; 95% CI: 1.19–1.41), and appropriate definite antibiotic therapy (HR, 0.31; 95% CI: 0.15–0.62) were independent predictors of 28-day mortality in patients with CRAB BSI. In conclusion, our findings suggested that COVID-19 has a negative prognostic impact on patients with CRAB BSI. Further study is needed to investigate the specific mechanisms of how COVID-19 worsens the prognosis of CRAB infection.
Understanding the complexity of individual developmental pathways: A primer on metaphors, models, and methods to study resilience in development
Authors: Hasselman Fred
Published: October 2023

The modern study of resilience in development is conceptually based on a complex adaptive system ontology in which many (intersystem) factors are involved in the emergence of resilient developmental pathways. However, the methods and models developed to study complex dynamical systems have not been widely adopted, and it has recently been noted this may constitute a problem moving the field forward. In the present paper, I argue that an ontological commitment to complex adaptive systems is not only possible, but highly recommended for the study of resilience in development. Such a commitment, however, also comes with a commitment to a different causal ontology and different research methods. In the first part of the paper, I discuss the extent to which current research on resilience in development conceptually adheres to the complex systems perspective. In the second part, I introduce conceptual tools that may help researchers conceptualize causality in complex systems. The third part discusses idiographic methods that could be used in a research program that embraces the interaction dominant causal ontology and idiosyncratic nature of the dynamics of complex systems. The conclusion is that a strong ontological commitment is warranted, but will require a radical departure from nomothetic science.
Alfvén‐Fast Wave Coupling in a 2D Nonuniform Medium
Authors: Davies R. , Wright A. N.
Published: October 2023

A 2D Cartesian simulation is presented and used to solve the ideal, low‐beta, linear magnetohydrodynamics equations. A simulation is used to investigate the propagation of Alfvén waves through inhomogeneities in Alfvén speed and density. In particular, the loss of Alfvén wave energy through coupling to the fast wave, and also the form of the Alfvén wave as it emerges from the inhomogeneous region is studied. Potential applications of this include the magnetospheres of both Jupiter and the Earth. The results show that Alfvén waves can be significantly distorted by a nonuniformity and still propagate through the region efficiently, with relatively small amounts of Alfvén wave energy lost through mode conversion and reflection.
A dual role of lysophosphatidic acid type 2 receptor (LPAR2) in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced mouse enteropathy
Authors: Hutka Barbara , Várallyay Anett , László Szilvia B. , Tóth András S. , Scheich Bálint , Paku Sándor , Vörös Imre , Pós Zoltán , Varga Zoltán V. , Norman Derek D. , Balogh Andrea , Benyó Zoltán , Tigyi Gábor , Gyires Klára , Zádori Zoltán S.
Published: October 2023

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid mediator that has been found to ameliorate nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric injury by acting on lysophosphatidic acid type 2 receptor (LPAR2). In this study, we investigated whether LPAR2 signaling was implicated in the development of NSAID-induced small intestinal injury (enteropathy), another major complication of NSAID use. Wild-type (WT) and Lpar2 deficient (Lpar2−/−) mice were treated with a single, large dose (20 or 30 mg/kg, i.g.) of indomethacin (IND). The mice were euthanized at 6 or 24 h after IND treatment. We showed that IND-induced mucosal enteropathy and neutrophil recruitment occurred much earlier (at 6 h after IND treatment) in Lpar2−/− mice compared to WT mice, but the tissue levels of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, TNF-α, inducible COX-2, CAMP) remained at much lower levels. Administration of a selective LPAR2 agonist DBIBB (1, 10 mg/kg, i.g., twice at 24 h and 30 min before IND treatment) dose-dependently reduced mucosal injury and neutrophil activation in enteropathy, but it also enhanced IND-induced elevation of several proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines. By assessing caspase-3 activation, we found significantly increased intestinal apoptosis in IND-treated Lpar2−/− mice, but it was attenuated after DBIBB administration, especially in non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice. Finally, we showed that IND treatment reduced the plasma activity and expression of autotaxin (ATX), the main LPA-producing enzyme, and also reduced the intestinal expression of Lpar2 mRNA, which preceded the development of mucosal damage. We conclude that LPAR2 has a dual role in NSAID enteropathy, as it contributes to the maintenance of mucosal integrity after NSAID exposure, but also orchestrates the inflammatory responses associated with ulceration. Our study suggests that IND-induced inhibition of the ATX-LPAR2 axis is an early event in the pathogenesis of enteropathy.
Generation of evidence-based carboplatin dosing guidelines for neonates and infants
Authors: Barnett Shelby , Makin Guy , Tweddle Deborah A. , Osborne Caroline , Veal Gareth J.
Published: October 2023

Background

To optimally dose childhood cancer patients it is essential that we apply evidence-based dosing approaches. Carboplatin is commonly dosed to achieve a cumulative target exposure (AUC) in children, with target AUC values of 5.2–7.8 mg/ml.min defined. To achieve these exposures patients are dosed at 6.6 mg/kg/day or 4.4 mg/kg for patients <5 kg. The current study uses real world clinical pharmacology data to optimise body weight-based doses to effectively target AUCs of 5.2–7.8 mg/ml.min in infants.

Methods

Carboplatin exposures were determined across 165 treatment cycles in 82 patients ≤10 kg. AUC and clearance values were determined by Bayesian modelling from samples collected on day 1. These parameters were utilised to assess current dosing variability, determine doses required to achieve target AUC values and predict change in AUC using the modified dose.

Results

No significant differences in clearance were identified between patients <5 kg and 5–10 kg. Consequently, for patients <5 kg, 4.4 mg/kg dosing was not sufficient to achieve a target AUC of 5.2 mg/ml.min, with <55% of patients within 25% of this target. Optimised daily doses for patients ≤10 kg were 6 mg/kg and 9 mg/kg for cumulative carboplatin target exposures of 5.2 and 7.8 mg/ml.min, respectively.

Conclusions

Adoption of these evidence-based carboplatin doses in neonates and infants will reduce drug exposure variability and positively impact treatment.