bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Financial Management Ability Evaluation of Real Estate Enterprises based on DEA -Take China Evergrande Group as an Example
Authors: He Ke-Han
Published: June 2022

Since China’s reform and opening-up, real estate, as a new industry, has developed rapidly and become the pillar industry of the national economy. Because the real estate industry is a capital-intensive high-risk industry with huge investment, slow recovery and rich returns, it has always been the focus and hot spot of social attention. If real estate enterprises want to gain a firm foothold in the fierce market, they should pay attention to financial management. As the top priority of real estate enterprises, financial management is conducive to the good operation of enterprises and the improvement of economic benefits. This paper adopts DEA method for empirical analysis. Taking China Evergrande Group as an example, the strength of enterprise financial management ability is obtained through analysis and calculation, which provides a reference method for evaluating enterprise financial management ability. Policy suggestions are proposed according to the empirical results.
CHECKLIST ON FAUNA DIVERSITY GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK NATIONAL PARK: Cikaniki-Citalahab
Authors: Qodri Agmal , Utama Ilham Vemandra , Ferdian Pamungkas Rizki , Dwijayanti Endah , Rusdianto Rusdianto , Yohanna Yohanna , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Supriatna Nanang , Hernawati Rena Tri , Shidiq Fajrin , Encilia Encilia , Animalesto Gloria , Sushadi Pangda Sopha , Budi Anang Setyo , Rizal Syaiful , Nurhaman Ujang , Herlambang Alamsyah Elang Nusa , Nurinsiyah Ayu Savitri
Published: June 2022

The Cikaniki resort is one of the most accessible research stations located in the Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP). It is in adjacent with Citalahab village. The Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences and other institutions have conducted intensive research on the fauna diversity of GHSNP from this station. Here we formulate a checklist on fauna diversity surrounding the Cikaniki Research Station and Citalahab, GHNSP from various sources, i.e. field work, museum collections (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense), scientific publications, and technical report. The study was conducted from October 2019 until October 2020. The latest field work was conducted from 8-10 October 2019 under the framework of the Jungle Survival and Biological Collection Management 2019 program. In total, 821 fauna species were recorded in Cikaniki-Citalahab areas which comprises of 48 species of Mollusca, five species of Malacostraca, 523 species of Insects, 22 species of Actinopterygii, 63 species of Amphibia and Reptiles, 115 species of Aves and 45 species of Mammals. The diversity contributes 62.1% of the total 1,323 known fauna species in GHSNP. Five number of species were assigned as endangered and three species critical endangered by IUCN. In addition, 123 species were endemic to Java and 34 species protected by Regulation of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Republic of Indonesia Number P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018. The areas of Cikaniki and Citalahab are rich in biodiversity. Although both areas are in close intact with human activity, research and ecotourism, the need of continuously spreading awareness and enforce species and area conservation is inevitable.
Antimicrobial Effect of Honeys Collected in Bingol Region
Authors: ÇAKIR Yusuf , DERVİŞOĞLU Gökhan
Published: June 2022

In this research, the antimicrobial effects of honeys collected from Genç, Kiğı, Sancak, and Yedisu districts of Bingöl province were investigated by disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial effects of honey samples prepared at three different concentrations (500, 250, and 125 mg mL-1) were tested using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Listeria monocytogenes NCTC 5348 bacteria as Gram positive (+), Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 bacterium as Gram negative (-), Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 76521 as yeast, and Candida albicans ATCC 90028 as fungus (mold). In addition, Ampicillin/Sulbactam (SAM) (20 µg/disc) was used as an antibiotic to better evaluate the antimicrobial effects of honeys in this research. The antimicrobial effect of Ampicillin/Sulbactam (SAM) (20 µg disc-1) against the microorganisms used in honey samples was also tested with the same method.As a result; while the 500 and 250 mg mL-1 concentrations among honey samples prepared at three different concentrations (500, 250, and 125 mg mL-1) have an antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, the antibacterial effect of the concentrations of 125 mg mL-1 against Staphylococcus aureus was not detected. All honey samples at three different concentrations showed no antibacterial effect against Listeria monocytogenes. While only the 500 mg mL-1 concentrations from different concentrations of Genç and Yedisu honey samples were found to have an antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli, the antibacterial effects of Kiğı and Sancak honey samples prepared at different concentrations against Escherichia coli were not detected. It was determined that only 500 mg mL-1 concentrations from all honey samples had an antimicrobial effect against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while the other 250 and 125 mg mL-1concentrations did not have an antimicrobial effect against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The studied concentrations of all honey samples did not show an antifungal effect against Candida albicans. Moreover, Ampicillin/Sulbactam (SAM) (20 µg disc-1) was found to have a high antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes (Gram-positive bacteria), Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), and Candida albicans (fungus) microorganisms.
Possible Influence of Loxoprofen in Lipopolysaccharide Induced Alterations in Brain Serotonin, Noradrenaline and Dopamine Levels in Chronic Mild Stress Treated Mice
Authors: Smita S Kundu , G. Rana Digvijaysinh
Published: June 2022

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of Loxoprofen on serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine levels in absence or presence of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after chronic mild stress treatment in mice brain. Background: It has been reported that there is an abnormal prostaglandin levels in depression. Several studies indicated that there has been an elevated level of prostaglandins in depression. It has been reported that Loxoprofen remarkably decrease the PGE2 level in regions of brain. Method: There was an estimation of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine levels in mice brain after 21 days of chronic mild stress schedule in which mice were subjected to treatment of Loxoprofen (16.8mg/kg, p.o.) or Venlafexine (4mg/kg, i.p.) with or without treatment of LPS (0.5mg/kg, i.p.) for last 14 days. Results: There was a significant decrease in brain serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine levels in stressed mice as compared to normal mice. There was a significant decrease in brain serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine levels in LPS treated stressed mice as compared to LPS treated normal mice. The treatment of Loxoprofen in LPS treated stressed mice showed a significant increase in brain serotonin and noradrenaline levels but not dopamine levels as compared to LPS treated stressed mice. The treatment of Venlafexine in LPS treated stressed mice showed a significant increase in all above mentioned three brain neurotransmitters levels as compared to LPS treated stressed mice.Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that Loxoprofen influence the LPS induced alterations in serotonin and noradrenaline levels in mice brain after 21 day exposure of chronic mild stress schedule. It can indicate the possible antidepressant-like effect of Loxoprofen in mice subjected to chronic mild stress schedule, having its possible implication in future treatment of depression.
Development and validation of a new stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the quantification of Budesonide in pharmaceutical dosage forms in presence of an internal standard
Authors: Bandaru Sai Pavan Kumar , Mukthinuthalapati Mathrusri Annapurna
Published: June 2022

Budesonide is a glucocortico steroid used for the treatment of nasal polyposis, asthma and Crohn’s disease. A stability indicating RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for the quantification of Budesonide in pharmaceutical dosage forms in presence of an internal standard, Etoricoxib. Mobile phase including a mixture of formic acid: acetonitrile: methanol (25: 10: 65) was chosen for the chromatographic study with flow rate 1.0 ml/min. The PDA detection was carried at 240 nm and the elution was achieved on isocratic mode using Zorbox C18 column. Beer-Lambert’s law was obeyed over a concentration range 0.05-120 µg/ml and the linear regression equation was y = 0.0489x + 0.003 with correlation coefficient 0.9997). The LOQ and LOD was found to be and 0.0393 and 0.1192 µg/ml. Stress degradation studies such as acidic hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, oxidation and thermal degradation were performed. The method was validated for the parameters linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness as per ICH guidelines and the proposed stability indicating liquid chromatographic method was found to be simple, accurate, precise and robust and can be applied for the assay Budesonide formulations.
Evaluation of the Antibacterial and Antioxidant properties of the Methanolic extracts of four Medicinal plants selected from Wadi Al-Karak, Jordan related to their Phenolic contents
Authors: Alfarrayeh Ibrahim , Tarawneh Khaled , Almajali Dima , Al-Awaida Wajdy
Published: June 2022

In this study, the methanolic extracts from four medicinal plants (Sarcopoterium spinosum, Paronychia argentea, Inula viscosa, and Achillea fragrantissima) were tested in vitro for antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The antibacterial properties of these MPEs were assessed using disc diffusion and Serial dilution techniques. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods. The total phenolic compounds were measured according to Folin-Ciocalteu method. Differences were found among the tested plants in their antibacterial and antioxidant properties as well as the phenolic content. Among the four plants, I. viscosa revealed the highest antibacterial effects against all bacterial species under examination followed by S. spinosum. Gram-positive bacteria showed higher susceptibility to the MPEs than Gram-negative bacteria. Antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content investigations revealed that S. spinosum and I. viscosa have the highest antioxidant activities and the highest amount of phenolic compounds. Moreover, a strong positive linear correlation was found between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. In conclusion, the MPEs of I. viscosa and S. spinosum have been proven to have good antibacterial and antioxidant activities which were highly related to their contents of phenolic compounds. These plant extracts could be interesting sources for natural antibacterial and antioxidant agents.
Phytochemical Screening, GC-MS Analysis, Molecular Docking Study and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Sapindus emarginatus Seed Kernel
Authors: Alrabie Ali , Al-Dhreai Arwa , Al-Qadsy Inas , Pradhan Vidya , Farooqui Mazahar
Published: June 2022

Objectives: The present study was designed to identify and screen phytochemicals present in methanolic extract of Sapindus emarginatus seed kernel, to evaluate its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and to search for dihydropteroate synthase (3TYE) enzyme inhibitors through molecular docking study. Methods: Phytochemicals present in methanol extract were screened using standard protocol. Identification of phytochemicals was carried out using GC-MS. DPPH assay and Microbroth dilution assay were used to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial activity respectively. Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) was used for molecular docking. Results: Preliminary phytochemicals screening of extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols and tannins, terpenoids, saponins and fat & oil. GC-MS study was showed 12 peaks indicating the presence of 12 different phytoconstituents. The extract exhibited very good inhibition (MIC= 200µg/mL) against S. pyogenus compared with inhibition of standard drug ampicillin (MIC= 100µg/mL). Molecular docking result revealed that 4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-[3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy bind effectively to the active site residues of dihydropteroate synthase (3TYE) with docking score of -6.53kcal/mol. Conclusion: Phytochemicals were investigated (Phytochemicals screening and GC-MS analysis) are responsible of antimicrobial or antioxidant activity of Sapindus emarginatus seed kernel.
Effect of Oleic acid Incorporation on delivery of Carteolol from commercial Silicone contact lenses
Authors: Rayya Hala , Al haushey Lama
Published: June 2022

Carteolol HCl (CRT) is a non-selective beta blocker used to treat glaucoma. Currently, it is delivered via eye drop solutions, which suffer from many limitations (e.g. low bioavailability, high dose requirements and noncompliance). Contact lenses are used by scientists to control the release of ocular drugs, and they are considered as a promising therapeutic tool. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of oleic acid (OA) incorporation on CRT loading and its release from commercial silicone contact lens using the soaking method. Two different concentrations of oleic acid solution (35 and 60mg/ml) and one concentration of CRT solution (2 mg/ml) were used. Drug release profile and various lens properties including changes in visible light transmittance, water content, lens diameter and tensile modulus were investigated. The two used concentrations of oleic acid solution (35 and 60mg/ml) led to oleic acid loadings of 14.6% and 24% respectively, which in turn enhanced the total amount of released CRT by a factor of about 10 and 18, and increased the 90% drug release time by a factor of about 12 and 56, respectively for AIR OPTIX® lens. As for the characterization of prepared lenses, all the results were acceptable compared with unmodified lenses except for the change in diameter of lenses loaded with 24% of oleic acid. Our findings revealed the potential of using oleic acid to improve the uptake of CRT and to achieve sustained release kinetics without compromising the critical properties of contact lens.
Development and Validation of Stability Indicating Related Substances Method for Dolutegravir/Lamivudine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (DLT) Tablets using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: R Saravanan. , T Somanathan. , D Gavaskar. , V Sriraman. , M Tamilvanan.
Published: June 2022

A novel, accurate, specific, linear, precise and robust RP-HPLC method (stability indicating) has been developed and validated for the related substances (impurities) analysis of Dolutegravir, Lamivudine and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in tablet formulation. This research paper presents the developed method and the outcome of validation challenges. The RP-HPLC method was developed on a 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 µm, C18 column, with a gradient mode using combination of phosphate buffer and phosphoric acid in methanol and water as mobile phase, the detection was performed at 265nm and 235nm. The method was subjected to validation challenges of specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy, robustness and is demonstrated to be suitable for testing of stability samples.
Potential role of Niacin as Adjuvant to Sevelamer on Serum levels of Inorganic phosphorus, Calcium and Calcium-phosphorus product in Hemodialysis patients with Hyperphosphatemia
Authors: Mohammed Rana Bahaa , Mahmood Mohammed Mohammed
Published: June 2022

Hyperphosphatemia is a serious biochemical abnormality that affected almost patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and has independent association with high risk of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. The mechanism linking hyperphosphatemia to cardiovascular mortality is vascular calcification that it is promoted by elevated serum phosphorus level. The control of hyperphosphatemia remains a major challenge. All currently phosphate binders have requirement for dosing with each meals that contributed to high pill burden and reduce patient compliance. Calcium-based binders preferred to be avoided due to their high risk of vascular classification, while the expensiveness of non-calcium based binder represent their major drawbacks. Niacin; a naturally occurring water-soluble vitamin and the first used antidyslipidemic drug, has been demonstrated to show therapeutic potential for hyperphosphatemia treatment in hemodialysis patients. It decreases phosphorus absorption in the GIT, thereby lowering serum phosphorus level. This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of niacin as adjuvant therapy to sevelamer carbonate (as a phosphate binder) in hemodialysis patients. This prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted among patients with hyperphosphatemia. Seventy nine patients were enrolled in this study; only 39 patients completed the study. Thirty nine patients were assigned randomly into two groups; group (1) 19 patients treated with sevelamer alone (2400mg/day), group (2) 20 patients treated with a combination of sevelamer (2400mg/day) and niacin (1000 mg/day) for 2 months . Clinical outcomes (Pi, Ca, Ca x P product) serum levels were evaluated at time of enrolment, after 1 month and after 2 month of treatment. Results of this study showed that the patients who administered orally niacin as adjuvant to sevelamer had the superiority over using sevelamer alone in the reduction of both serum phosphorus level and (Ca x P) product level (-30% and -37%) respectively after 2 months of treatment in respect to baseline levels. Meanwhile, there was no statistically significant difference observed in serum calcium level. Administration of niacin for hemodialysis patients is an effective strategy for reducing the serum levels of inorganic phosphorus and calcium-phosphorus product which subsequently reduce risks of cardiovascular diseases associated with hyperphosphatemia.
Role of Ksharsutra in Management of Shataponak Bhagandar with respect to multiple Fistula in ano
Authors: Pundlikrao Mendhekar Kiran , C. Babar Sanjay
Published: June 2022

Shalyatantra is one of the utmost branch in Ayurveda having competency to tackle various critical diseases which are difficult to treat with modern surgical methods. Bhagandar i.e fistula in ano is included in Ashtomahagada by Acharya Sushruta as the dreadful disease which is difficult to cure, leaving patient in a vague pain and discomfort during the course of treatment and with possibility of reoccurrence of the disease. The diseases is well known for its complex nature of healing. Clinically, we can observed that most of the patients who were treated with modern surgery will end up with tremendous pain at the operative wound with sacrifice of larger tissue area involved in fistula which hampers daily routine and also produces negative impact on an employment of the patient. Instead of taking all treatment and care, patients will face re-occurrence of the disease which will lower their self-esteem. A unique treatment modality known as Ksharsutra therapy introduced by Sushrutacharya is a successfully proven minimal invasive technique which has overcome these drawbacks of modern surgical techniques. The traditional Ksharsutra therapy involves treating various complex multiple fistulas with minimal pain and discomfort, less tissue sacrifice, rapid healing which can add on to minimal hospital stay.
The Synergistic effect of Oral Antibiotic Therapy on C- Reactive Protein and Lipid profile in Chronic Periodontitis patients
Authors: K Dhivya , S Umaparvathy , R R Jayaraj , Priya M Selva
Published: June 2022

Oral hygiene plays a critical role in whole-body health. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that damages the soft tissue and destroys the bone that supports your teeth. Periodontitis can cause teeth to loosen or lead to tooth loss. Various clinical studies have shown distinct relationships between elevated serum C- reactive protein (CRP), lipid level and chronic periodontitis. Elevated CRP coupled with chronic infections like periodontitis is associated with chronic heart diseases, thus making periodontitis as one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the study was designed to determine the effect of periodontal treatment on serum lipid and CRP levels in type-II diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. This prospective observational study was carried out in the dental department of a tertiary care hospital for a period of 6 months. Clinical and biochemistry reports of 90 patients were collected in designed case report forms. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 17. Significant reduction in all the clinical and dental parameters was comparatively higher in patients who received azithromycin than in patients who received metronidazole and scaling and root planing (SRP) alone. Hence, treating chronic Periodontitis with antibiotics impediments the complication of developing cardiovascular disease.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel 2-Methyl-3-(2-(substituted ylidene)hydrazinyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-ones
Authors: Muthu Boopathi Gopal , T. S. Shanmugarajan
Published: June 2022

Several novel quinazolinones were designed and synthesized from anthranilic acid by a multistep synthesis. Structures of synthesized compounds were well characterized using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, Mass spectroscopy and bases of elemental analysis. Entire test compounds were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities by agar streak dilution test against various pathogenic strains of bacteria and fungi. Antimicrobial studies revealed that all title compounds exhibited mild to good antibacterial activity and mild to moderate antifungal activity. The relationship between the functional group variation and the biological activity of the screened compounds were discussed. Out of thirteen tested analogs, the most active compound was found to be 3-(2-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrazol-4(5H)-ylidene) hydrazinyl)-2-methylquinazolin-4(3H)-one VIIg.
Pharmacokinetic Comparison and Bioequivalence Evaluation between a Newly Formulated Generic and the Brand Cefuroxime Axetil Tablets in Healthy Male Adult Fasting Subjects
Authors: Jaber Al-Tamimi Duaa Jaafar , Abbas Al-Mahroos Mustafa Ihssan , Jaber Al-Tamimi Mariam Jaafar , Jaber Ibraheem Jaafar
Published: June 2022

Cefuroxime axetil (CA) is a broad-spectrum second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase used for treating different kinds of infections. This study was conducted to compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) and to evaluate the bioequivalence (BE) between a newly formulated generic CA 500mg tablets as a test formula with the same dose of the brand formula as the reference product applying 2-way, 2-treatment, 2-period, 2-sequence, randomized crossover design with six days washout interval between dosing. After overnight fasting for 12 hours, both CA products were administered to 28 healthy male adult Arabic subjects, followed by serial blood samples obtained from each subject before drug dosing (0-hr) and then up to 8 hours post-dosing. The calculated PK parameters Cmax, Tmax, AUC0–t, AUC0–∞, Thalf, MRT, Cl and Vd obtained from each product were statistically compared by ANOVA and 90% confidence interval tests to evaluate the BE between both products. Based on international guidance on bioequivalences like FDA and EMEA, it was concluded from this research that the test and the reference formulas are bioequivalent since the 90% confidence intervals were within the accepted ranges of 80.00-125.00%. All participants tolerated both products well, and they were discharged without any significant alterations in their clinical baseline characteristics. Therefore, the newly formulated generic CA 500mg tablets may be prescribed in clinical practice and used as a safe and effective alternative to the brand product.
Antimicrobial activity of Endolichenic fungi isolated from Cryptothecia sp. against some human test pathogens
Authors: Devi Dipanjali , Gogoi Rupjyoti , Yasmin Farishta , Tayung Kumanand
Published: June 2022

Cryptothecia sp. is a crustose lichen having varied medicinal properties. The present study aims to isolate and to determine the antimicrobial activity of endolichenic fungi from the surface sterilized lichen thallus of Cryptothecia sp. The isolation was done on three different media i.e., Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Malt Extract Agar (MEA) and Water Agar (WA) media. A total of 19 isolates of endolichenic fungi were recovered. The isolates were identified on the basis of colonial morphology and microscopic investigation. Dominant endolichenic fungus was Monilinia sp. (23.33%) followed by Mycelia sterilia (16.66%). Other fungal isolates were Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp.and Dreschlera sp. The fungal isolates were tested for antimicrobial activity by agar cup diffusion assay against clinically significant human pathogenic test organisms such as Escherichia coli (MTCC 443), Candida albicans (MTCC 227) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 737) procured from IMTECH, Chandigarh. All the isolates exhibited antimicrobial activity against the test pathogens in varying degree. One isolate Penicillium sp., (CRP 3a) showed highest inhibition against all the pathogens. The present study indicated that Cryptothecia sp. harbours various endolichenic fungi with potent antimicrobial activity. Further detailed investigation of the compounds isolated from endolichenic fungi may lead to therapeutic applications as a new source of novel natural products which are helpful to the mankind.
Recruiting Highly Effective Teachers in Rural Schools: An Appreciative Inquiry
Authors: Kim Juhee , Phillips William
Published: June 2022

This study explores the successful strategies used by rural schools for recruiting and retaining highly effective teachers as the ongoing shortage of new, highly effective teachers in rural areas, who might increase student performance. Appreciative Inquiry was utilized to analyze contemporary perspectives critically. Findings indicate that encouraging college students to stay and teach in their rural communities, promoting fiscal responsibility in school districts, and creating mentorship programs for new hires helped recruit and retain effective teachers. In addition, these findings can assist initiate conversations about how rural schools should identify and encourage the next generation of teachers.
The Effects of Substituting Fishmeal Based-Diet With Plant Based-Diet on Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fish Growth, Feed Efficiency and Production Cost-Effectiveness
Authors: Jatta Saloum , Fall Jean , Diouf Malick , Ndour Paul Mamadou , Fall Sokhna Khady Lo
Published: June 2022

Aquaculture started in The Gambia in 1979 but is still at a rudimentary stage. Many government and private interventions conducted on fish farming failed due to the high cost of feed. Fishmeal based diets are expensive thus using them makes many fish farming in the developing countries unprofitable businesses. There is a need to use locally available plant ingredients to develop fish feeds. This study was conducted to compare the growth, feed efficiency and production cost-effectiveness of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish fed on fishmeal-based diet (control diet) to that of the same fish fed on plant-based diet (test diet). The two isonitrogenous (30 % CP) experimental diets were tested on 0.81g Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry for a period of six (6) weeks. The control diet composed of fishmeal, soybean meal, cassava flour, and a blend of palm oil and fish oil premixed with mineral and vitamin supplements. The plant-based diet consisted of groundnut cake, wheat flour, brewery waste and rice bran supplemented with mineral and vitamin premixes. Regarding growth performance parameters, there were significant differences between the final mean weight, mean weight gain, percentage mean weight gain and the specific growth rate of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish fed on the control diet and the plant-based diet. For feed efficiency parameters, there was significant difference between feed conversion ratio for fish fed the control diet and the plant-based diet. However, there was no difference between the fish fed the two diets with regards to the protein efficiency ratio or survival rate. The plant-based diet was inferior to the fishmeal-based diet in terms of growth and feed efficiency parameters of 0.81g Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry. When compared to the fish-meal based diet, the plant based-diet was more cost-effective in producing a kilogram of feed but less cost-effective in producing of a kilogram of fish. Therefore, a plant based-diet cannot replace a fishmeal based-diet without compromising Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish growth performance and production cost-effectiveness.
Translation Problems Analysis and Application of the Grammar-Translation Method in EFL Class
Authors: Pornwiriyakit Pornchai , Dandee Warinthon
Published: June 2022

This research aims to study the problems of translating word and sentence structures from English into Thai made by students and to solve the English-to-Thai translation problems occurred in the paper test. The samples consisted of 127 students majoring in English for International Communication at Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-Ok. The research instrument was an English-to-Thai translation test covering grammatical and lexical aspects. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics with frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation and interferential statistics. The data were analyzed and compared the differences of scores obtained from the pretest and the posttest with a confidence interval at 0.05. The results showed that the samples made more mistakes of grammatical aspect than the lexical aspect before the experiment. The grammatical aspect was at the low level representing 16.38% while the lexical aspect showed 70.30%. After applying the grammar-translation method into the samples, the posttest results showed the better scores on English grammatical structures at 78.8% while the lexical knowledge at 97.53%. It is clear that the grammar-translation method made less translation problems.
Thai High Achieving Lecturers and Their Language Learning Strategies and Motivation: A Case Study of Kalasin University
Authors: Tongsukkaeng Wilawan
Published: June 2022

The purposes of this study were to (1) investigate the language learning strategies used for improving English language skill of the high achieving non-English major lecturers at Kalasin University and (2) investigate the motivation used for improving their English language skills. The sample comprised eight non-English major lecturers. They were purposively selected according to their high TOEIC test scores. Semi structured interview was used as a research tool. The interview was on using the language learning strategies and motivation to develop the English-speaking ability as the main instrument. The modified interview adapted from the Semi-Structured Interview Guide of Paredes (2010). The qualitative data were analyzed through using axial coding technique. The majors finding were as follows: (1) metacognitive, social and cognitive strategies were frequently used respectively by the sample, while compensation and memory strategies were least used equally and (2) the most motivations employed were attitude and competence motivation, the motivations moderately used were achievement, affiliation, and fear motivation equally, and the least motivation used were power and incentive motivation respectively.
Comparison of Motivation Levels of Outdoor and Indoor Athletes Studying Physical Education and Sports Training
Authors: Ceylan Levent , Bilen Eda , Eliöz Murat , Küçük Hamza
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The fact that the sports branch that the athletes are interested in is included in the group of indoor and outdoor sports or team and individual sports can create differences in the motivation levels of the athletes. In this study, it was aimed to compare the motivation levels of team and individual athletes who do sports in Indoor and Outdoor.Method: The Sports-Specific Achievement Motivation Scale (SSAMS) developed by Willis (1982) was used to determine the motivation levels of the athletes in the study. The study consists of athletes who take part in Archery, Athletics, Judo, Tennis, Muaythai, Shooting (Weapon), Volleyball, Football, Basketball, Handball and Field hockey teams in Turkey. A total of 259 athletes, 170 men and 89 women, in these teams were included in the study.Findings: When we compared the motivation levels of individual and team athletes, a significant difference was found in the sub-dimensions of “motivation to show strength”, “motivation to approach success” and “avoiding failure” (p < 0.05). While a significant difference in the sub-dimensions of “motivation to show strength” and “motivation to approach success” was in favor of team athletes, “motivation to avoid failure” was found in favor of individual athletes (p < 0.05). Motivation levels of indoor and outdoor athletes. A significant difference was found in the motivation sub-dimensions of “motivation of strength” and “motivation of avoiding failure” of indoor and outdoor athletes (p < 0.05). It is seen that the significant difference is in favor of indoor athletes.Result: As a result; It has been determined that the sports branch differences that the athletes are interested in, the aims of their orientation to sports, the level of communication between the athletes studying physical education and sports training and the people who are in direct and constant communication, and the spatial differences in which the interested sports branch is performed can play an active role in the motivation levels of the athletes. The scarcity of studies on athletes in different branches doing sports in indoor and outdoor areas in the literature has shown that more studies are needed in this area.
Investigation of the Relationship between Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Anxiety and Mental Toughness in Professional Volleyball Players
Authors: Şenel Ebru , Cevahircioğlu Burkay
Published: June 2022

In the study, the relationship between anxiety about catching the new type of coronavirus (COVID-19) and mental resilience in professional volleyball players was examined. This study is in the descriptive survey model, which is one of the quantitative research methods. The study was carried out with a total of 209 athletes, 145 females and 64 males, who are within the scope of the 1st league clubs of the Turkish Volleyball Federation (TVF). The data were collected with the “Anxiety Scale of Catching a New Type of Coronavirus” developed by Demir et al (2020) and the “Mental Endurance Inventory in Sports” developed by Sheard et al (2009) and adapted into Turkish by Altıntaş and Koruç (2016). The collected data were analyzed with the Skewness and Kurtosis test, and as a result of the examination, it was determined that the data showed a normal distribution. Student T-Test and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests, which are parametric tests, were used in the analysis of the data. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to examine the relationship between athletes’ anxiety about catching the new type of coronavirus and their mental toughness. SPSS 21.0 statistical package program was used for all statistical analyzes and statistical significance level was taken as p < 0.05 in all analyzes. According to the results of the analysis, there is a statistical significance between the anxiety of the athletes about catching the new type of coronavirus and the age variable. A statistically significant difference was found between the mental endurance levels of the athletes and the variables of gender, age, monthly income and weekly training number. According to the results of the correlation analysis, a statistically significant relationship was not determined between the anxiety of catching the new type of coronavirus and the mental endurance characteristics of the athletes. A negative and low-level significant relationship was found between the individual anxiety values of the athletes and their control scores. As a result, it was determined that professional volleyball players’ anxiety about catching a new type of coronavirus was not related to their mental toughness levels, but the athletes’ individual anxieties were related to their control levels. In this regard, it is recommended that professional athletes receive mental support in order to keep their anxiety levels under control during the coronavirus process.
On the weakly completely continuous operators and factorization
Authors: EGHBALİ SARAİ Hossein , AFSHARİ Hojjat
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we establish some relationships between Left and right weakly completely continuous operators and topological centers of module actions and relationships between the factorization and the kinds of amenability. We define the locally topological center of the left and right module actions and investigate some of its properties. Also, we want to examine some conditions that under those the duality of a Banach algebra is strongly Connes-amenable. Finally, we generalize the concept of the weakly strongly connes amenable to even dual in higher orders.
The Effects of Ultrasound Times and Amplitudes on the Particle Size and Emulsifying Properties of Whey Protein Concentrate
Authors: BULUT Menekşe
Published: June 2022

The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of ultrasound times and amplitudes on the particle sizes and emulsifying properties of samples of whey protein concentrate (WPC). The ultrasound (US) application was performed using VC-7500 ultrasonic power equipment at a 20 kHz frequency, at various times (10, 20, and 30 min at a 50% amplitude) and amplitudes (60%, 80%, and 100% for 5 min). The results showed that the US procedure had a significant effect (p<0.05) on both particle sizes and emulsifying properties (p<0.05). The smallest particle size was obtained for the WPC samples exposed to 30 min of US at a 100% amplitude (US310) (498.6 nm). The WPC samples treated at a 100% amplitude showed a smaller particle size compared to the other WPC samples at 60% and 80% amplitudes. While the WPC samples treated for 10 min had the biggest particle size (790.3 nm), those treated for 30 min had the smallest particle size (697.1 nm). On the other hand, among the treatments, US310 whey protein concentrate samples had the highest EAI (emulsifying activity index) (198 m2/g) and ESI (emulsion stability index) (34.0 min), whereas the untreated WPC samples had the lowest EAI (56 m2/g) and ESI (13.0 min). In general, 30-min US treatment at a 100% amplitude showed the lowest particle size (498.6 nm) and the highest emulsifying properties (EAI: 198 m2/g and ESI: 34.0) compared to the other sonication times and amplitudes.
Bisfenol F’nin Sıçan Pankreası Üzerindeki Toksik Etkileri
Authors: DOĞAN Emine , KAPTANER Burak , DOĞAN Abdulahad
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada, bisfenol F (BPF)’nin sıçan pankreası üzerindeki toksik etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yirmi sekiz adet Wistar albino erkek sıçan, BPF’ye 0, 20, 100 ve 500 mg/kg vücut ağırlığı (v.a.) konsantrasyonlarda, 28 gün boyunca oral gavaj ile maruz bırakıldı. Histolojik incelemelere göre BPF maruziyeti sonrasında, pankreatik Langerhans adacıklarında vakuolar dejenerasyon gösteren hücrelerin varlığı tespit edildi. Histomorfolojik ölçümler, BPF’nin 100 ve 500 mg/kg v.a. konsantrasyonlarına maruz bırakılan gruplarda, adacık çap ve alan ortalamalarının düştüğünü gösterdi. Ek olarak, adacıklarda immunohistokimyasal olarak boyayan insülin pozitif  hücre yüzdesinin, BPF uygulanan bütün gruplarda, anlamlı bir şekilde azaldığı tespit edildi. Serum açlık glukoz, total kan HbA1c ve serum C-peptid ile insülin seviyelerinin, BPF maruziyeti sonrasında anlamlı değişimler göstermedikleri gözlendi. BPF’nin malondialdehit düzeyi dışında, pankreas antioksidan savunma sistemi belirteçlerinde anlamlı değişimlere yol açtığı belirlendi. Elde edilen sonuçlar BPF’nin endüstriyel alanlarda, bisfenol A yerine güvenilir bir alternatif olarak, kullanımına daha fazla dikkat edilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.
Rezension von: Fecher, Robert; Burger-Heinrich, Eva, Die römischen Gräberfelder ...
Authors: Waibel Raimund , Fecher Robert , Burger-Heinrich Eva
Published: June 2022

Robert Fecher und Eva Burger-Heinrich: ARAE FLAVIAE VII. Die römischen Gräberfelder. Herausgegeben vom Landesamt für Denkmalpflege im Regierungsbezirk Stuttgart, 2 Bde. (Forschungen und Berichte zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte in Baden-Württemberg, Bd. 115), 760 und 292 Seiten mit zahlreichen teils farbigen Abbildungen und Tabellen. Konrad Theiss Verlag Stuttgart 2010. Gebunden € 125,–. ISBN 978-3-8062-2344-6

Ulrike Ehmig: Dangstetten IV. Die Amphoren. Hrsg. vom Landesamt für Denkmalpflege im Regierungsbezirk Stuttgart, (Forschungen und Berichte zur Vorund Frühgeschichte in Baden-Württemberg, Bd. 117), Konrad Theiss Verlag Stuttgart 2010. 296 Seiten mit zahlreichen teils farbigen Abbildungen. Gebunden € 54,-. ISBN 978-3-8062-2394-1
Rezension von: Bartusch, Ilas, Die Inschriften der Stadt Baden-Baden und des Landkreises Rastatt
Authors: Wrobbel Sibylle , Bartusch Ilas
Published: June 2022

Ilas Bartusch: Die Inschriften der Stadt Baden-Baden und des Landkreises Rastatt. (Deutsche Inschriften, Band 78). Wiesbaden 2009. CXII, 646 Seiten und 102 Bildtafeln mit 314 Abbildungen und 12 Zeichnungen. Leinen € 88,–. ISBN 978-3-89500-707-1
Rezension von: Firla, Monika, Der Kameruner Artist Hermann Kessern
Authors: Stückrad Juliane , Firla Monika
Published: June 2022

Monika Firla: Der Kameruner Artist Hermann Kessern. Ein schwarzer Crailsheimer. (Historische Schriftenreihe der Stadt Crailsheim, Band 9). Baier Verlag Crailsheim 2010. 240 Seiten mit zahlreichen Abbildungen. Kartoniert € 14,90. ISBN 978-3-929233-67-4
Rezension von: Brüser, Joachim, Herzog Karl Alexander von Württemberg und die Landschaft
Authors: Setzler Wilfried , Brüser Joachim
Published: June 2022

Joachim Brüser: Herzog Karl Alexander von Württemberg und die Landschaft (1733 bis 1737). Katholische Konfession, Kaisertreue und Absolutismus. (Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für Geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg, Reihe B, Band 180). W. Kohlhammer Verlag Stuttgart 2010. XLVIII, 272 Seiten. Gebunden € 28,00. ISBN 978-3-17-021272-5
Rezension von: Willig, Wolfgang, Landadel-Schlösser in Baden-Württemberg
Authors: Schweizer Günther , Willig Wolfgang
Published: June 2022

Wolfgang Willig: Landadel-Schlösser in Baden-Württemberg. Eine kulturhistorische Spurensuche. Selbstverlag Willig Balingen 2010. 637 Seiten mit zahlreichen Abbildungen. Gebunden € 28,-. ISBN 978-3-9813887-0-1
Rezension von: Deutelmoser, Otto K., Die Ehrbarkeit und andere württembergische Eliten
Authors: Schweizer Günther , Deutelmoser Otto K.
Published: June 2022

Otto K. Deutelmoser: Die Ehrbarkeit und andere württembergische Eliten. Hohenheim Verlag Stuttgart 2010. 248 Seiten mit zahlreichen Abbildungen. Pappband € 24,80. ISBN 978-3-89850-201-6
Rezension von: Landesnaturschutzverband Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.), Land
Authors: Wolf Reinhard , Landesnaturschutzverband Baden-Württemberg
Published: June 2022

Landesnaturschutzverband Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.): Land – Natur und Umwelt in Baden-Württemberg, eine Bilanz in Bildern. G. Braun Buchverlag Karlsruhe 2011. 208 Seiten mit 143 Farb-Abbildungen Gebunden € 36,00. ISBN 978-3-7650-8600-7
Rezension von: Leher, Lore; Kirchberg, Usula, Die alte Linde Gundula
Authors: Waibel Raimund , Leher Lore , Kirchberg Ursula
Published: June 2022

Lore Leher und Usula Kirchberg: Die alte Linde Gundula. Kinderbuch. Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz Bonn 2010. 31 Seiten. Pappeinband € 12,80. ISBN 978-3-867950282
Rezension von: Herzig, Tina; Herzig, Horst (Bilder); Kühler, Michael (Texte), Reise durch Stuttgart
Authors: Gerber Helmut , Herzig Tina , Herzig Horst , Kühler Michael
Published: June 2022

Tina und Horst Herzig (Bilder), Michael Kühler (Texte) Reise durch Stuttgart. Verlagshaus Stürtz Würzburg 2011. 136 Seiten mit 188 Abbildungen. Gebunden € 16.95. ISBN 978-3-8003-4112-2
Rezension von: Hohensee, Ulrike u. a. (Hrsg.), Die Goldene Bulle
Authors: Setzler Wilfried , Hohensee Ulrike
Published: June 2022

Ulrike Hohensee u. a. (Hrsg.): Die Goldene Bulle. Politik – Wahrnehmung – Rezeption. Akademie Verlag Berlin 2009. 2 Bände im Schuber, 1249 Seiten mit einigen Abbildungen. Gebunden € 99,80. ISBN 978-3-05-004292-3
Rezension von: Theiss, Konrad A., Alle Kunst erzählt vom Leben
Authors: Setzler Sibylle , Theiss Konrad A.
Published: June 2022

Konrad A. Theiss: Alle Kunst erzählt vom Leben. 35000 Jahre Geschichte der Kunst auf der Ostalb und im Ries. Edition Ostalb Aalen 2009. 208 Seiten mit zahlreichen meist farbigen Abbildungen. Kartoniert € 34,80. ISBN 978-3-9810452-8-4
Rezension von: Kießling, Rolf, Kleine Geschichte Schwabens
Authors: Setzler Wilfried , Kießling Rolf
Published: June 2022

Rolf Kießling: Kleine Geschichte Schwabens. Verlag Friedrich Pustet Regensburg 2009. 216 Seiten mit 32 Abbildungen. Kartoniert € 14,90. ISBN 978-3-7917-2231-3
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF LOCALLY PRODUCED HONEY FROM USMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY, SOKOTO
Authors: Shehu Abdulkadir , Bandiya H.M. , Umar Aisha
Published: June 2022

This study is conducted to analyze and compare the physico-chemical properties and mineral compositions of locally produced honey samples in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto with the national and international standards. To achieve these, seven samples of locally produced honey was collected from the study area. the physicochemical properties was analysed using the Official Methods of Analysis established by Association of Official Analytical Chemists while the mineral compositions of all the honey samples were determined using flame photometer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the colours ranged from extra light amber to light amber; electrical conductivity from 0.06±0.01mS/cm to 1.15±0.16mS/cm and density from 1.41±0.00g/cm3 to 1.36±0.00g/cm3. On the mineral composition, the ash content was from 0.08±0.00% to 0.18±0.01%; moisture content from 3.94±0.29mg to 20.29±0.20%; total reducing sugars from 63.23±2.46% to 73.34±2.77%; free acidity from 14.48±0.53meq/kg-1 to 37.38±1.12meq/kg-1; lactonic acidity from 9.50±2.00meq/kg-1 to 15.50±1.50meq/kg-1; total acidity from 25.7±2.53 meq/kg-1 to 47.58±1.12 meq/kg-1. The physico-chemical and mineral compositions of the honeys were found to meet the established national standards. It was thus, concluded that honey from the area of study are of good quality
Pelatihan Keamanan Dalam Merancang Prototype Belt conveyor
Authors: Lubis Faisal , Lubis Sudirman , Siregar Munawar A , Damanik Wawan S
Published: June 2022

Bantalan merupakan salah satu bagian dari elemen mesin yang memegang peranan cukup penting karena fungsi dari bantalan yaitu untuk menumpu sebuah poros agar poros dapat berputar tanpa mengalami gesekan yang berlebihan. Bantalan harus cukup kuat untuk memungkinkan poros serta elemen mesin lainnya bekerja dengan baik sesuai fungsinya. Kerusakan bearing banyak disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor diantaranya : faktor pembebanan, perawatan, material yang digunakan dan perhitungan dalam perencanaan pemilihan bearing. Jika bantalan tidak berfungsi dengan baik, maka prestasi seluruh sistem akan menurun bahkan bisa berhenti. Bearing yang digunakan jenis ASb UC204- 12berdiameter 19.50 mm, bahanbaja structural dan aluminium alloy.Pembebanan yang diberikan 200N dan torsi 75.429 N.m. Studi numerik ini menggunakan software solidworks 2012 sebagai alat mendesain bearing dan menggunakan software ansys workbench 14.0 sebagai alat simulasi numeriknya dan hasil simulasi baja struktural ialah total deformasi = 0.00030158mm, Equivalent stress= 10.085MPa, Equivalent strain = 5.695 x 10-5 mm/mm . Hasil simulasi aluminium alloy ialah total deformasi = 0.00094256mm, Equivalent stress= 9.9263MPa, Equivalent strain = 0.00015763mm/mm.