bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multipathogen infections and multifactorial pathogenesis involved in noble pen shell (Pinna nobilis) mass mortality events: Background and current pathologic approaches
Authors: Carella Francesca , Palić Dušan , Šarić Tomislav , Župan Ivan , Gorgoglione Bartolomeo , Prado Patricia , Andree Karl B. , Giantsis Ioannis A. , Michaelidis Basile , Lattos Athanasios , Theodorou John A. , Luis Barja Perez Juan , Rodriguez Sergio , Scarpa Fabio , Casu Marco , Antuofermo Elisabetta , Sanna Daria , Otranto Domenico , Panarese Rossella , Iaria Carmelo , Marino Fabio , Vico Gionata De
Published: July 2023

Disease outbreaks in several ecologically or commercially important invertebrate marine species have been reported in recent years all over the world. Mass mortality events (MMEs) have affected the noble pen shell ( Pinna nobilis), causing its near extinction. Our knowledge of the dynamics of diseases affecting this species is still unclear. Early studies investigating the causative etiological agent focused on a novel protozoan parasite, Haplosporidium pinnae, although further investigations suggested that concurrent polymicrobial infections could have been pivotal in some MMEs, even in the absence of H. pinnae. Indeed, moribund specimens collected during MMEs in Italy, Greece, and Spain demonstrated the presence of a bacteria from within the Mycobacterium simiae complex and, in some cases, species similar to Vibrio mediterranei. The diagnostic processes used for investigation of MMEs are still not standardized and require the expertise of veterinary and para-veterinary pathologists, who could simultaneously evaluate a variety of factors, from clinical signs to environmental conditions. Here, we review the available literature on mortality events in P. nobilis and discuss approaches to define MMEs in P. nobilis. The proposed consensus approach should form the basis for establishing a foundation for future studies aimed at preserving populations in the wild.
Practice and performance of domestic waste source segregation in Chinese universities: A case study in Shanghai
Authors: Cui Guangyu , Ren Weiping , Lü Fan , Zhang Hua , Xue Hui , He Pinjing
Published: July 2023

The importance and urgency of domestic solid waste (DSW) source segregation in universities is self-evident. Although many universities have carried out waste management, however, a comprehensive summary for successful implementation work of DSW segregation is lacking. This study summarizes the mechanism of DSW segregation in Chinese university based on questionnaire survey, on-site inquiry and sampling analysis in a comprehensive university in Shanghai. Questionnaire survey show that it is critical for encouraging students to participate in waste segregation to build convenient segregation facilities and humanized segregation reward and punishment method. The strengthened publicity and education due to the advantages in environmental discipline, easy-operating waste dumping site/facility as well as personalized solutions for different functional areas (teaching building) were considerably important strategies for implementing efficient waste segregation. The recyclables that were collected by intelligent recycling device and mobile recycling enterprise were dominated by paper, and the amounts increased dramatically during the graduation season. Therefore, the university correspondingly increased the collection frequencies of waste and the number of segregation guiders in the period to decrease the potential risk of fire safety. The study could provide a valuable reference for efficient implementation of waste segregation on university/college in China.
L’engagement du consommateur envers la marque : perspective socio-culturelle et voies de recherche
Authors: Scarano Monica C. , Regany Fatima , Özçağlar-Toulouse Nil
Published: July 2023

Résumé

La présente recherche met en avant les contributions de l’approche socio-culturelle à l’étude du concept de l’engagement du consommateur envers la marque (ECM). A cette fin, une analyse intégrative retrace dans un premier temps les principaux travaux portant sur l’ECM. Elle présente sa construction conceptuelle inscrite dans les paradigmes relationnel et expérientiel et fait émerger des limites de cette littérature. Dans un second temps, une lecture de l’ECM par l’approche socioculturelle permet de répondre à ces limites. Nous proposons huit voies de recherches, autour de deux approches théoriques : i) la compréhension de l’ECM au travers des ressources culturelles qui y sont investies et de ses significations à la fois identitaires, sociales et idéologiques, ii) les outils technologiques et les cadres expérientiels immersifs en tant que dispositifs socio-techniques. Des recommandations managériales sont apportées dans chacune de ces voies de recherche.
Safety of Diazepam Nasal Spray in Pediatric Patients With Developmental Epileptic Encephalopathies: Results From a Long-term Phase 3 Safety Study
Authors: Tarquinio Daniel , Wheless James W. , Segal Eric B. , Misra Sunita N. , Rabinowicz Adrian L. , Carrazana Enrique
Published: July 2023

Pediatric developmental epileptic encephalopathies are often refractory to treatment despite stable antiseizure therapy. The safety profile of diazepam nasal spray (Valtoco) as rescue therapy for seizure clusters was described in a long-term safety study. This post hoc analysis assessed safety and effectiveness within a subpopulation of patients with developmental epileptic encephalopathies. Of 163 treated patients, 64 were diagnosed with ≥1 pediatric developmental epileptic encephalopathy. Among the most common developmental epileptic encephalopathies were Rett syndrome (n = 16), Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (n = 9), and Dravet syndrome (n = 7). In the broad pediatric developmental epileptic encephalopathy group, 10.6% of seizure clusters were treated with a second dose, with similar proportions in the 3 individual encephalopathies. Across groups, treatment-emergent adverse event rates ranged from 66.7% to 100%. Only epistaxis (n = 2) was treatment-related and reported in >1 patient. In this long-term safety analysis in patients with developmental epileptic encephalopathies, diazepam nasal spray demonstrated a consistent safety profile, supporting its use in these hard-to-treat patients (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02721069).
Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Children with Neuromuscular Disorders Followed at Penn State Health Pediatric Muscular Dystrophy Association Care Center Clinic
Authors: Mittal Rea , Maltese Caroline , Bolt Elizabeth , Paul Dustin , Mainali Gayatra , Naik Sunil , Paudel Sita , Lehman Erik , Kumar Ashutosh
Published: July 2023

The exact prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is not known in pediatric patients with neuromuscular diseases followed by any of the 150 Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA) Care Center Clinics nationwide. This study describes the prevalence and variety of CAM usage in this population, while also assessing the prevalence of caregiver disclosure of CAM use and caregiver perception of provider support for CAM. Fifty-two caregivers of pediatric patients seen at Penn State Health's Pediatric MDA Care Center Clinic completed our online survey. Overall, 19.2% of caregivers reported CAM use by their child. Less than half of caregivers reported discussing CAM use with their child's neurologist (41.5%); however, a majority of respondents reported interest in using CAM for their child in the future (52.8%). Understanding the prevalence of CAM usage and disclosure in pediatric MDA clinics may facilitate safer use of CAM in this community.
Islamic Mindfulness-Based Caring as an Intervention to Manage Fatigue
Authors: Komariah Maria , Hatthakit Urai , Boonyoung Nongnut , Ibrahim Kusman , Susilaningsih Fransisca Sri , Mediani Henny Suzana , Rahayuwati Laili , Hermayanti Yanti , Pahria Tuti , Arifin Hidayat
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects of Islamic Mindfulness-based Caring (IMC) on fatigue among breast cancer patients. Design: A quasi-experimental study was undertaken in the chemotherapy unit of a hospital, in Bandung, Indonesia. Methods: A total of 112 females with stage III breast cancer undertaking chemotherapy treatment were recruited by purposive sampling technique. The experimental group (n = 53) was given both IMC and usual care, whereas the control group (n = 59) received only the usual care. Data were collected on days 1, 3, 23, and 44 using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) and demographic information tools. Data analyses were carried out with the Mixed-Effects Linear Regression. Findings: We found a significant difference in fatigue between the control and experimental groups on days 23 (mean: 29.34–34.92; p = .001) and 44 (mean: 28.68–37.89; p < .001) after IMC intervention. The increase of time was significantly associated with a lower fatigue score ( p < .05). Mixed-Effect Linear Regression showed a significant interaction between time and intervention of IMC effect on fatigue score on time-4 (adjusted β coefficient: 6.62; 95% CI: 2.17–11.06). Conclusions: Nurse-administered IMC is capable of reducing fatigue among breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy.
Newer Modalities in Psychopharmacology in Children and Adolescents: A Selective Narrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Rao Pradeep , Morandini Hugo
Published: July 2023

Research in psychopharmacology in children and adolescents is an area of growing interest with numerous newer modalities becoming available in recent years. Nevertheless, it still lags significantly behind research in adult psychopharmacology although, in the last decade, the gap is beginning to be bridged with FDA approval for newer agents for the paediatric age group. The purpose of this selective narrative review is to examine the latest advances in psychopharmacology in the last decade and their safety, tolerability and applicability in children and adolescents. In methodology, we identified 4 main areas of recent advances in psychopharmacology, viz. Ketamine, Nitrous Oxide, Cannabidiol and cannabis derivates and the area of pharmacogenomics. We then conducted a comprehensive search of the literature using PubMed, Embase and Ovid databases to identify the most recent updates in these areas, especially focussed on the paediatric population. The search was limited to English language studies and focussed on recent updates in these four areas. In the results, it was seen that all the four identified areas have potential applicability in children and adolescents with some studies evaluating their safety and tolerability in the paediatric population. However, literature on the long-term safety and efficacy of these newer modalities in the paediatric population is limited and none of the identified agents are currently recommended for routine clinical use in children and adolescents. Overall, it could be concluded that the results of this selective narrative review suggest that newer modalities in psychopharmacology offer promising treatments for psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. However, further research is needed to fully understand the long-term safety and efficacy of these treatments as well as optimal dosing and monitoring strategies to ensure their safe and effective use in the paediatric population.
Application of ultrasound in preoperative localization diagnosis of checkrein deformity: A retrospective case series
Authors: Yuan Yu , Gao Jinmei , Jia Jun
Published: July 2023

Background

Checkrein deformity, is a rare claw toe dynamic deformity of the hallux or great toe. This study investigated the use of diagnostic ultrasound in positioning the accurate injury location causing checkrein deformity and its clinical significance for etiological diagnosis and selection of surgical methods.

Methods

This retrospective study included patients with confirmed checkrein deformities (according to typical symptoms) at the Department of Traumatic Orthopedics of Tianjin Hospital (Tianjin, China) from March 2017 to July 2021.

Results

A total of 11 patients (8 males and 3 females) with a mean age of 36.7 ± 16.8 (range 19–61) were included in this study. The injuries included six cases of tibia and fibula fracture, one case of single tibia fracture, and one case of single fibula fracture. Four patients were treated with steel plate internal fixation, three patients with intramedullary nailing, and one patient with external fixation. Three patients reported no history of any high-energy trauma or surgery. The ultrasound results showed that seven patients suffered from flexor hallucis longus (FHL) lesions, two patients suffered from flexor digitorum longus (FDL) lesions, and two patients suffered from FHL and FDL lesions. The patients underwent different surgeries tailored to their specific lesions. Toe flexion deformity was completely corrected after operation in all patients. The function of the toes was recovered to varying extent.

Conclusion

The results of this study demonstrates that the checkrein deformities can be confirmed by ultrasound. It could be used to determine the adhesions before the operation, acting as guidance while establishing the surgical planning.
Can the legal method produce justice? Contemporary reflections on Mary Jane Mossman
Authors: Nemec Jay
Published: July 2023

As Mary Jane Mossman has identified, and despite it containing ample room for judges to choose, legal method has customarily been used as a tool to preserve the status quo and exclude other perspectives. This Brief combines personal experiences in the law with contemporary cases to demonstrate why justice is still so rare. I argue that it is not possible for justice to be consistently achieved without changing the predominant legal method.
Optimization of frequency separation of laminated shells carrying transversely distributed mass using genetic algorithm
Authors: Pal Subham , Kalita Kanak , Majumdar Aditi , Haldar Salil
Published: July 2023

Shell structures are primarily used in the aerospace and maritime sectors. Such structures often oscillate, and undesirable oscillations can cause structural damage. So, to eliminate resonance and prevent damage to vibrating structures, it is necessary to build optimal shells. Maximizing the frequency gap between the first two eigenfrequencies is essential so that they do not coincide with the resonance frequency. Depending on the requirements of the design, the external frequencies might be placed between zero and the first natural frequency or between the first and second natural frequencies in order to prevent failure. This study proposes an efficient finite element model based on first-order shear deformation theory in combination with a genetic algorithm to maximize the frequency separation of laminated cylindrical shell panels. The maximum first natural frequency determined by the current FE-GA formulation is verified by previously published data, and it is found that the present results are better than the literature for 56% of the test cases. Moreover, for real-world situations like a clamped shell or a simply supported shell, the present solutions are approximately 0.6 to 2% better than the literature. Effect on the optimal design due to changes in mass ratio, curvature ratios of the shell panels, carrying dispersed mass over the entire shell panel, and dispersed patch mass at the middle is analyzed. The ideal stacking sequence for greatest frequency separation values is presented for a variety of curvature ratios and mass ratios.
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus following ribociclib therapy for metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Collada Sánchez Victoria Lucia , Álvarez Criado Javier , Martinez Martin Virginia , Zamora Auñon Pilar , Espinosa Arranz Enrique , Mayor Ibarguren Ander , Nacher Jimenez Inmaculada , Herrero Ambrosio Alicia
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Drug-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (DI-SCLE) has been associated with drugs with different mechanisms of action, including anti-hypertensives, tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors and even some chemotherapy medicines. In the last years, a few reports have been described in patients treated with cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors, palbociclib and abemaciclib.

Case report

Here, we describe a case of DI-SCLE in association with ribociclib and exemestane in a woman diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer.

Management and outcome

Topical mometasone was prescribed for two weeks with complete resolution of lesions, also abemaciclib was substituted for ribociclib, and the patient had stable disease with no relapse of DI-SCLE.

Discussion

To our knowledge, this is the first report of ribociclib-induced SCLE but based on the DI-SCLE reported cases associated others CDK4/6 inhibitors, the role of this family of drugs in dermatopathology must be further investigated.
Composing a Life that Works with a Life that Counts for Nurses
Authors: Fontaine Dorrie K.
Published: July 2023

The life of a nurse since the Covid-19 pandemic is characterized by high rates of anxiety, depression, and burnout, leading national organizations to declare the nursing shortage a national emergency. Solutions cite work-life balance, but this term has no clear guiding definition. Experts in the organizational psychology and personal development literature suggest other ways to reconsider this dilemma, that of integration. In this paper the concept of integration is proposed to focus on relationships with family and friends, work, and oneself. The American Association of Critical-Care Nurses ‘standards for a healthy work environment are used to frame the benefits of an integrated life. Strategies to achieve an integrated life, one with meaning and purpose, are described to create more happiness and joy and to begin to mitigate the nursing shortage.
Implementation of a Student Success Seminar and its Correlation with Resilience in Nursing Students: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Huehn Susan L. , Kuehn MaryBeth , Ortiz Jenny A. , Al-Helal Rafa T.
Published: July 2023

Aim

To identify sustainable curricular practices that promote student resilience.

Method

Sophomore students in a four-year baccalaureate nursing program attended a positive psychology seminar and a formal mentoring program led by senior- and junior-level nursing students. Sophomore students ‘resilience was measured pre- and post-intervention using the Predictive 6-Factor Resilience Scale (PR6). Additional rich descriptions from the experience of the mentoring program were obtained in surveys from the study participants and mentors at the completion of the program.

Findings

Quantitative and qualitative results supported a strong increase in resilience.

Conclusion and Implications for Practice

Nursing schools can provide students with sustainable support that promotes resilience.
Motives for Sex and Sexual Perpetration in College Men: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Gesser N. , Eby F. G. , Anderson R. E.
Published: July 2023

Objective

Prior research has rarely focused on sexual motives (e.g., motives for having sex) when studying sexual violence perpetration prevention. The current study examined the role of sexual motives alongside other risk factors like alcohol expectancies in predicting sexual violence.

Method

We analyzed data from 205 male college students; 36% reported sexual perpetration of some type. Participants completed a series of questionnaires in a randomized order, including: measures of prior sexual perpetration, sexual motives, rape myth acceptance, alcohol expectancies, and a measure of social desirability. Data were analyzed using a series of T-tests and logistic regressions.

Results

With one exception (coping motives), all sexual motives (intimacy, enhancement, self-affirmation, peer approval, and partner approval) were endorsed at higher levels by individuals who perpetrated sexual violence than those who did not ( p < .05, Cohen’s d = .25–.56). The partner approval motive significantly predicted sexual violence perpetration on its own. The enhancement motive, both independently and in interaction with alcohol expectancies for aggression, predicted sexual violence perpetration. Two other motives, intimacy and self-affirmation, were only significant in interaction with alcohol expectancies for aggression.

Conclusion

All sexual motives were endorsed more frequently by those who perpetrated sexual violence than those who did not. Sexual motives had a complex interaction with alcohol expectancies in predicting sexual violence perpetration. The results suggest that intervention programs should emphasize healthy, consensual sexual relationships that do not involve alcohol.
“No Good Choice”: What are the Issues of Having no Harm Reduction Strategies in Hospitals?
Authors: Forchuk Cheryl , Serrato Jonathan , Scott Leanne , Rudnick Abraham , Dickey Chandlee , Silverman Michael
Published: July 2023

Background:

Despite an increase in methamphetamine use and subsequent hospitalizations, the majority of Canadian hospitals currently lack harm reduction strategies for substance use. This can mean that people with lived experience of methamphetamine use are faced with a number of difficult decisions to make when admitted to hospital. Caring for people with lived experience of methamphetamine use can also be problematic with zero tolerance policies requiring abstinence to be maintained. This analysis set out to understand potential health care issues due to a lack of harm reduction strategies from the prospective of people with lived experience of methamphetamine use as well as health care/service professionals.

Methods:

Based on a larger study, this secondary analysis explored issues discussed by people with lived experience of methamphetamine use and health care/service professionals regarding the challenges of providing harm reduction approaches in the hospital setting. A total of 108 individuals with lived experience of methamphetamine use completed a qualitative component of a mixed-method interview. In addition, 31 health care/service professionals participated in virtual focus groups and one-to-one interviews. Responses were analyzed using an ethnographic thematic approach.

Results:

People with lived experience of methamphetamine use reported 3 choices upon admission: leave or avoid the hospital, stay but experience unsupported withdrawal, or stay but hide their substance usage from health care professionals. Health care/service professionals described 2 options: uphold zero tolerance that can lead to stigma and a lack of knowledge regarding addiction, or accept harm reduction but be unable to implement such strategies. This could lead to health being compromised due to policy and practice that requires abstinence. Neither group of participants described a good choice for them.

Conclusion:

Current policy and education related to substance use needs to be revised.
Experimentation Within the Urban Ecosystem: The Case for Cross-Sector Support
Authors: Carlton Sally , Vallance Suzanne
Published: July 2023

Urban experimentation has been identified as a key element of innovative approaches to urban sustainability and emerging practices of entrepreneurial municipalism whereby the public, private, and third sectors cooperate to address wicked problems—biophysical environmental deterioration and social inequality—brought about by neoliberalism. In contrast to vast, pan-state, top-down international programs, urban experimentation exploits interstitial niches to build relationships across sectors for mutual gain. These experiments can potentially scale up or across to shift broader ecosystem dynamics. Our article investigates the cross-sector support provided to “understorey”—a community, events, coworking and collaboration space in Ōtautahi Christchurch, Aotearoa New Zealand—and identifies crucial areas of cross-sector reliance and cross-sector responsibility. We conclude that this sort of experimentation both benefits from and is strengthened by the support of the public, private, and third sectors.
Onboarding and offboarding in virtual reality: A user-centred framework for audience experience across genres and spaces
Authors: Whittaker Laryssa
Published: July 2023

Virtual reality (VR) technology is an emerging medium of experience in many different public-facing entertainment and cultural contexts, such as immersive theatre, live performance, VR film festivals, gaming arcades, escape rooms, and museum exhibitions. The processes of ushering audience members or users into the virtual experience and out again, to which I refer here as ‘onboarding’ and ‘offboarding’, have been considered within some specific contexts, or on a case-by-case basis, but to date no systematised consideration of VR onboarding and offboarding has been produced. One reason for this is that ambiguities in disciplinary and practical definitions of immersion have obscured the relationship between VR technology and users. Clarification of this relationship results in clear evidence of a need for attention to onboarding and offboarding processes in public-facing contexts. In this paper, I define onboarding and offboarding, and present a framework for considering the onboarding and offboarding experiences of virtual reality audiences that helps stakeholders identify both their responsibilities to audiences and the best way to facilitate the immersive experience. This framework is based upon identifying experience goals, centred on the affordances of virtual reality and principles of immersion and presence, and utilises the Immersive Audience Framework developed by StoryFutures in its interdisciplinary research with immersive audiences since 2019.
Return to normality? Commentary on Joe Biden, Donald Trump and the 2020 US presidential election in China Daily
Authors: Liu Fangyuan
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the critical commentary on Joe Biden, Donald Trump and the 2020 United States presidential election in China’s English-language newspaper China Daily. A thematic analysis was conducted of all the relevant opinion and editorial pieces (op-eds) published in China Daily two months before and after the release of the US presidential election results. Thematic analysis showed that China Daily was highly critical of Trump, especially for politicizing the COVID-19 pandemic and exercising restrictions on China. China Daily’s attitudes towards Biden were more varied, with appraisal of Biden’s cabinet selections and suggestions for the Biden administration’s priorities. The newspaper constructed a Biden/Trump dichotomy that ultimately serves to strengthen the narrative of China as a reliable country in contrast with the hypocritical United States. China Daily situated the commentary on the 2020 US election into the discussion of political stability, the COVID-19 pandemic and the climate change crisis, and frequently used strategies of othering the US and victimizing China to present China as a responsible alternative world power pursuing global cooperation and harmony.
Post Graduate Students’ Experiences with Research Ethics: A South African Perspective
Authors: Makola Zamandlovu , Ntoyanto-Tyatyantsi Nonceba
Published: July 2023

The strict adherence to ethical principles (namely respect for persons, beneficence/non-maleficence and justice) when conducting research involving human participants is the bedrock of research. There has been little research on students’ experiences with the research ethics process and how these students incorporate ethical standards into their research work, despite previous research looking into teaching methodologies, curricula, and the educational environment for postgraduate students. The purpose of the study was to investigate postgraduate students’ experiences with research ethics during their research project. A sample of 11 participants was used. Through online interviews, this qualitative study, underpinned by the interpretivist paradigm, collected data from postgraduate students from different disciplines and universities in South Africa between June and August 2021. The findings showed different perspectives on the training received in research ethics, and on support and guidance received from supervisors, and the application of research ethics principles in their research projects. Most participants indicated gaps in the teaching and support they received and had not read their university research ethics policies. By focusing on students’ experiences in a developing country and different disciplines, the study contributes to the body of knowledge on postgraduate student experiences. Furthermore, the findings suggest that there is need for more research ethics training amongst postgraduate students in South Africa.
Functional Outcomes, Complications, and Failure Rates in Workers’ Compensation Patients Following Hip Arthroscopic Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: Munim Mohammed A. , Samuel Linsen T. , Rosneck James T. , Kamath Atul F.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Studies on the feasibility of hip arthroscopy in workers’ compensation (WC) patients have been largely inconsistent or limited by study design, necessitating the need for a systematic review.

Purpose:

We sought to systematically compare clinically significant differences between WC patients and their counterparts in relation to (1) functional outcomes, (2) complications, and (3) failure rates after hip arthroscopy.

Methods:

We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed databases for studies published between January 1996 and February 2021. In combination with “AND” or “OR” Boolean operators, the following keywords were implemented: “hip arthroscopy,” “workers’ compensation,” “outcomes,” “complications,” “revision,” and “failure rates.” Two reviewers screened eligible studies, evaluated methodological quality, and abstracted data.

Results:

In the 13 studies pooled, comprising 1874 patients, 276 (14.7%) patients received WC benefits. Twelve studies utilized functional outcomes, 2 studies assessed pain, and 3 studies evaluated satisfaction. Despite scoring lower in these measures preoperatively, WC patients demonstrated significant improvements after hip arthroscopy. Three studies linked compensation with marginally inferior functional scores, but this association was not significant at longer follow-up. Seven studies examined complication incidence, and 6 studies addressed failure rates, with all reporting no significant differences in rates of complications, secondary arthroscopies, or conversion to total hip arthroplasty.

Conclusions:

The findings of this systematic review suggest that hip arthroscopy offers clinically significant benefits, regardless of WC status. Postoperative results in WC patients, including functional scores, pain, satisfaction, complications, and failure rates, were favorable, and the degree of improvement was at least comparable with their counterparts. Further studies should consider prospective study designs with larger cohorts and extended follow-up.
Direct percutaneous puncture versus transarterial embolization for head and neck paragangliomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Schartz Derrek , Manganaro Mark , Szekeres Denes , Ismail Rahim , Hoang Timothy , Worley Logan , Finkelstein Alan , Schartz Chelsey , Akkipeddi Sajal Medha K. , Bender Matthew T. , Kessler Alex
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Embolization of head and neck paragangliomas (HNPs) is a well-established treatment strategy and adjunctive therapy. However, the optimal mode of intervention, whether by direct percutaneous puncture (DP) or via transarterial embolization (TAE), remains unclear.

Methods

The aim of this study was to complete a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of DP versus TAE for HNP embolization. The Cochrane Library and MEDLINE databases were used to identify studies describing the clinical outcomes of either DP or TAE for HNP embolization. Outcome measures included: complete angiographic devascularization, major complications, and minor complications. Pooled rates were calculated for each variable which were then compared with meta-regression using a random effects model.

Results

Thirty-one retrospective studies met inclusion criteria, detailing 394 patients with 411 HNPs. Overall, DP was associated with a higher rate of complete devascularization (91.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 85.6% to 97.4%; I2 = 0%) when compared to TAE technique (40.1%, CI: 27.2% to 58.9%; I2 = 93%). However, there was no difference regarding major complication rates between DP (6%, CI:1.3% to 10.8%; I2 = 0%) and TAE for HNP embolization (3.3%, CI: 1.4% to 5.3%; I2 = 0%) (p = 0.370), nor in minor complications between the techniques (p = 0.211). Subgroup analysis of TAE embolic agents revealed that particle embolics were associated with a significantly lower rate of major complications (2.5%; 0.4% to 4.6%; I2 = 0%) when compared to liquid embolics (10.6%, CI:4% to 17.3%; I2 = 48%; p = 0.022).

Conclusions

A DP approach for HNP embolization results in a higher rate of complete devascularization and with a similar complication profile when compared to TAE. These findings also suggest that particle embolics are associated with fewer major complications compared to liquid embolics when TAE is utilized.
Linking Paradigms and Methodologies in a Qualitative Case Study Focused On Exploring the Operation of Power in Human Actions During the Design of a New Occupational Therapy Intervention
Authors: Gretschel Pam , Ramugondo Elelwani L. , Galvaan Roshan
Published: July 2023

A research paradigm represents how a researcher views the nature of reality and guides how they engage in research to generate knowledge from that reality. Power is a construct that impacts on the individual actions of the researcher and the participants, and their interactions with each other, across a range of perspectives of reality. Qualitative researchers select different paradigmatic stances to represent how they consider and work with the influences of power on these human relations. This influences their decisions about which research design and methodology they select. Drawing on my doctoral study, which explored the process by which a group of occupational therapists designed an intervention for caregivers of children on anti-retroviral treatment living in low-income conditions in South Africa, I describe my process of selecting a poststructuralist paradigm, an instrumental case study design, and a co-operative inquiry methodology to illuminate the operation of power in the research process. An overview of the potential offerings and limitations of different paradigms, research designs and methods, as applied to this research example, are presented to support my assertions. In conclusion, I argue for the more consistent consideration and description of the interplay between paradigms, research design and methodology, to ensure the selection of the best suited combination to explore and describe the influences of power in the research process.
The net benefit for time-to-event outcome in oncology clinical trials with treatment switching
Authors: Fukuda Musashi , Sakamaki Kentaro , Oba Koji
Published: July 2023

Background

The net benefit is an effect measure for any type of endpoint, including the time-to-event outcome, and can provide intuitive and clinically meaningful interpretation. It is defined as the probability of a randomly selected subject from the experimental arm surviving by at least a clinically relevant time longer than a randomly selected subject from the control arm. In oncology clinical trials, an intercurrent event such as treatment switching is common, which potentially causes informative censoring; nevertheless, conventional methods for the net benefit are not able to deal with it. In this study, we proposed a new estimator using the inverse probability of censoring weighting (IPCW) method and illustrated an oncology clinical trial with treatment switching (the SHIVA study) to apply the proposed method under the estimand framework.

Methods

The net benefit can be estimated using the survival functions of each treatment group. The proposed estimator was based on the survival functions estimated by the inverse probability of the censoring weighting method that can handle covariate-dependent censoring. The simulation study was undertaken to evaluate the operating characteristics of the proposed estimator under several scenarios; we varied the shapes of the survival curves, treatment effect, covariates effect on censoring, proportion of the censoring, threshold of the net benefit, and sample size. We also applied conventional methods (the scoring rules by Péron or Gehan) and the proposed method to the SHIVA study.

Results

Our simulation study showed that the proposed estimator provided less biased results under the covariate-dependent censoring than existing estimators. When applying the proposed method to the SHIVA study, we were able to estimate the net benefit by incorporating the information of the covariates with different estimand strategies to address the intercurrent event of the treatment switching. However, the estimates of the proposed method and those of the aforementioned conventional methods were similar under the hypothetical strategy.

Conclusions

We proposed a new estimator of the net benefit that can include covariates to account for the possibly informative censoring. We also provided an illustrative analysis of the proposed method for the oncology clinical trial with treatment switching using the estimand framework. Our proposed new estimator is suitable for handling the intercurrent events that can potentially cause covariate-dependent censoring.
Identification of football teams styles of play by cluster analysis
Authors: Clavijo Fabian Alberto Romero , Drews Ricardo , Denardi Renata Alvares , Travassos Bruno , Corrêa Umberto Cesar
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study was to characterize performance patterns of attack and defence of football teams, and the inter-team's relation throughout the game. First and second leg of the Brazilian Cup Final 2018 Under-20 category were recorded using two video cameras. Three hundred twelve attacks and defences sequences in the two football matches were analyzed. All players and the ball were tracked throughout the matches, then notational and spatiotemporal variables were measured: attack duration, number of actions per attack, occupied area, team centroid, ratio between number of action and attack duration, total centroid trajectory, and ball displacement. Those variables were grouped using Ward's minimum variance method. The results showed that: (i) teams presented variated styles of play in attack and defence intra and intermatches; (ii) spatial variables such as positions and displacements contributed the most to separate the patterns; (iii) the interteams synchrony found throughout the game revealed different outcomes; and (iv) specific attacking patterns led to shoot to goal. We concluded that football teams vary their style of play within match and intermatches; spatial variables such as positions and displacements contributed the most to separate the patterns; and the interteam relation revealed synchrony throughout the game.
Anticancer Properties of Mexican Medicinal Plants: An Updated Review
Authors: Cuevas-Cianca Sofía Isabel , González-Campos Rubí Esmeralda , Mejía Méndez Jorge Luis , Sánchez Arreola Eugenio , Juárez Zaida Nelly , Hernández Luis Ricardo
Published: July 2023

Mexico is considered a mega-diverse country due to its terrestrial, marine, and biological richness. Throughout history, Mexican medicinal plants have been used to elaborate decoctions, pastes, and powders to treat neoplastic, gastrointestinal, metabolic, neurodegenerative, skin, and infectious disorders. Cancer constitutes a group of diseases that result from the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of cells. Current treatment regimens against it encompass the administration of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Despite their possible efficacy, their use is often related to the possibility of relapse, the development of serious adverse events, toxic effects, and many drug-resistance mechanisms. As an alternative, Mexican medicinal plants have been extensively studied using their capacity to elicit strong anticancer activities and possess novel bioactive and safe compounds. This review concentrates on the knowledge gained in recent years (2011–2022) about the anticancer properties of extracts and isolated compounds from Mexican medicinal plants. Generalities, antioxidant activities, features of cancer cells, and drug-resistance mechanisms are reviewed in this work. In addition, the possible anticancer mechanisms of isolated compounds and the status of FDA-approved cancer drugs derived from plants are covered. Finally, our perspective on the future of traditional medicine and Mexican medicinal plants in cancer treatment is presented.
Whose Social Capital?: Citation and Co-citation Patterns of a Fragmented Concept
Authors: adams jimi , Vinita Fitch Kate
Published: July 2023

Despite its wide use across the social sciences, social capital research has been regularly criticized as having fuzzy conceptualization, resulting in multiple (potentially conflicting) operationalizations. Our analyses employ bibliometric analytic tools to demonstrate the disconnected structure of social capital research. The resulting visualization illustrates one potential source of the confusion surrounding social capital—that there are many, potentially nonoverlapping versions of the idea rather than one unified social capital concept.
Minimal change disease onset after allogeneic stem cell transplant in donor and recipient siblings: A case report
Authors: Forcey Dana S , Pham Alan , Patil Sushrut , Wong Vincent , Brealey John , Basu Gopal
Published: July 2023

Kidney disease is a frequent complication after haematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT). Glomerulopathies are reported in up to 1%–6% of allogeneic SCT recipients. Commonest cause is membranous nephropathy, followed by minimal change disease (MCD). We describe a unique case report of a patient in receipt of a SCT whose sibling donor developed nephrotic syndrome secondary to MCD followed shortly thereafter by the same in the recipient. A female in her sixties received an HLA-matched sibling donor allogeneic SCT for haematological malignancy. Six months later, her donor developed nephrotic syndrome secondary to minimal change disease. A further 6 months thereafter, the recipient developed nephrotic syndrome, likely secondary to same. The disease in both patients was steroid-resistant and was successfully treated with cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus in the donor, and tacrolimus and rituximab in the recipient. This is an interesting hypothesis-generating case of MCD pathogenesis. The SCT donor kidney biopsy demonstrated weak linear IgG uptake of capillary loops and basement membrane on immunofluorescence, similar to that recently described in a biopsy-proven MCD patient cohort with nephrin autoantibodies co-localising with IgG in the basement membrane. SCT may have transmitted nephrin autoantibodies or other circulating factor, or donor-derived B-cells may have produced an autoantibody against a podocyte target antigen causing MCD in the donor transmitted by SCT and manifested in the recipient upon withdrawal of immunosuppressive GvHD treatment.
Long-term sutimlimab improves quality of life for patients with cold agglutinin disease: CARDINAL 2-year follow-up
Authors: Röth Alexander , Broome Catherine M. , Barcellini Wilma , Tvedt Tor Henrik Anderson , Miyakawa Yoshitaka , D’Sa Shirley , Cella David , Bozzi Sylvie , Jayawardene Deepthi , Yoo Ronnie , Shafer Frank , Wardęcki Marek , Weitz Ilene C.
Published: July 2023

Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with a substantial burden on patient’s quality of life. CARDINAL was a 2-part, open-label, single-arm, multicenter phase 3 study evaluating the C1s inhibitor, sutimlimab, for treatment of CAD. Part A consisted of the pivotal study phase, with the part B extension phase assessing long-term safety and durability of response including patient-reported outcomes, which is the focus of this report. Altogether, 22 patients continued from part A to part B, majority female (68.2%) with a median age of 71.5 years (range, 55-85). Throughout treatment, score improvement on the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT)–Fatigue scale exceeded a predefined, group-level clinically important change of ≥5 points vs baseline, with a mean (standard error [SE]) change of 11.7 (3.7) points at week 135. The 12-Item Short Form Health Survey physical and mental component scores remained above baseline, with week 123 mean change (SE) exceeding clinically important changes of 3.9 for physical and 2.8 for mental component scores at 4.7 (2.8) and 3.8 (5.7) points, respectively. EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale, scoring patients’ self-rated health, also remained above baseline with a change of 17.1 (5.6) points at week 135. Patient Global Impression of (fatigue) Severity improved vs baseline, corroborating FACIT-Fatigue scores. Patient Global Impression of Change indicated a reduction in perceived disease burden. Data from CARDINAL part B support sustained alleviation of CAD disease burden after long-term treatment with sutimlimab over 2 years, returning toward baseline upon treatment cessation. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03347396.
Talin2 and KANK2 functionally interact to regulate microtubule dynamics, paclitaxel sensitivity and cell migration in the MDA-MB-435S melanoma cell line
Authors: Lončarić Marija , Stojanović Nikolina , Rac-Justament Anja , Coopmans Kaatje , Majhen Dragomira , Humphries Jonathan D. , Humphries Martin J. , Ambriović-Ristov Andreja
Published: July 2023

Background

Focal adhesions (FAs) are integrin-containing, multi-protein structures that link intracellular actin to the extracellular matrix and trigger multiple signaling pathways that control cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and motility. Microtubules (MTs) are stabilized in the vicinity of FAs through interaction with the components of the cortical microtubule stabilizing complex (CMSC). KANK (KN motif and ankyrin repeat domains) family proteins within the CMSC, KANK1 or KANK2, bind talin within FAs and thus mediate actin-MT crosstalk. We previously identified in MDA-MB-435S cells, which preferentially use integrin αVβ5 for adhesion, KANK2 as a key molecule enabling the actin-MT crosstalk. KANK2 knockdown also resulted in increased sensitivity to MT poisons, paclitaxel (PTX) and vincristine and reduced migration. Here, we aimed to analyze whether KANK1 has a similar role and to distinguish which talin isoform binds KANK2.

Methods

The cell model consisted of human melanoma cell line MDA-MB-435S and stably transfected clone with decreased expression of integrin αV (3αV). For transient knockdown of talin1, talin2, KANK1 or KANK2 we used gene-specific siRNAs transfection. Using previously standardized protocol we isolated integrin adhesion complexes. SDS-PAGE and Western blot was used for protein expression analysis. The immunofluorescence analysis and live cell imaging was done using confocal microscopy. Cell migration was analyzed with Transwell Cell Culture Inserts. Statistical analysis using GraphPad Software consisted of either one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), unpaired Student’st-test or two-way ANOVA analysis.

Results

We show that KANK1 is not a part of the CMSC associated with integrin αVβ5 FAs and its knockdown did not affect the velocity of MT growth or cell sensitivity to PTX. The talin2 knockdown mimicked KANK2 knockdown i.e. led to the perturbation of actin-MT crosstalk, which is indicated by the increased velocity of MT growth and increased sensitivity to PTX and also reduced migration.

Conclusion

We conclude that KANK2 functionally interacts with talin2 and that the mechanism of increased sensitivity to PTX involves changes in microtubule dynamics. These data elucidate a cell-type-specific role of talin2 and KANK2 isoforms and we propose that talin2 and KANK2 are therefore potential therapeutic targets for improved cancer therapy.

Graphical Abstract