bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Fire Safety Management in School Facilities
Authors: Hassanain Mohammad A. , Aljuhani Mohammad , Hamida Mohammad B. , Salaheldin Mohamed H.
Published: June 2022

Schools are high-risk type of facilities in fire emergencies. This requires the implementation of safety measures, which comprise administrative and operational efforts to mitigate the occurrence of fire accidents. The review of literature indicated the lack of practical approaches that can be easily adopted for safety management in school facilities. This paper presents the development and implementation of a generic framework for fire safety management in school facilities. A literature review in the domain of fire safety in schools was performed to comprehend various knowledge areas in this context. A generic framework for fire safety management in school facilities was developed. The framework was implemented in a secondary school, located in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, as a case study, to illustrate its applicability. An action plan was developed to improve the level of fire safety in the school facility, under review. The findings indicated that the framework provides a methodological and systematic approach for assessing the level of fire safety in schools, as well as determine the possible actions for improving the overall safety condition in such facilities. The paper provides a useful focus for practitioners and researchers concerned with fire safety in the educational workplace.
Hacia una ecología de la ciudad-red. NTIC’s, democracia participativa y telecentros
Authors: Sierra Caballero Francisco , Sola -Morales Salomé
Published: June 2022

Las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (NTIC’s) están modificando la forma tradicional de hacer política, dado que articulan nuevas dinámicas de comunicación, organización, producción, deliberación y participación ciudadana. A su vez generan cambios sobre el espacio público, la ciudad y la democracia. Este artículo presenta una propuesta teórico-metodológica para el análisis del uso y apropiación de las NTIC’s por parte de la ciudadanía en la ciudad-red, desde una perspectiva ecológica y crítica. Primero, se reflexiona acerca de los retos que plantean las NTIC’s sobre la ciudad, la ciudadanía, la participación y la democracia. Segundo, se analiza el rol de los telecentros como servicios públicos para el desarrollo local, analizando su concepto, modelo organizativo, elementos, funciones, servicios y usuarios. Tercero, se plantean líneas de acción para desarrollar políticas públicas, prestando especial atención al rol de los telecentros como motores de cambio social y desarrollo local.
B cell targeting in CAR T cell therapy: Side effect or driver of CAR T cell function?
Authors: Chen Gregory M. , Melenhorst Jan Joseph , Tan Kai
Published: June 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies targeting CD19 and CD22 have been successful for treating B cell cancers, but CAR T cells targeting non–B cell cancers remain unsuccessful. We propose that rather than being strictly a side effect of therapy, the large number of CAR interactions with normal B cells may be a key contributor to clinical CAR T cell responses.
Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a care partner assisted intervention to improve oral health of individuals with mild dementia
Authors: Wu Bei , Plassman Brenda L , Poole Patricia , Siamdoust Shahrzad , Bunn Melanie , Burwell Bobbi , Pei Yaolin , Downey Christine , Gomes Danni , Kamer Angela , Yu Gary , Leak Bryant A , Anderson Ruth A
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Individuals with mild dementia are at high risk of poor oral health outcomes. To address this issue, we describe an intervention to teach care partners skills to guide individuals with mild dementia in proper oral hygiene techniques and provide reminders to practice oral hygiene care. By providing support to perform these tasks successfully, we aim to delay oral health decline among this vulnerable population.

Methods and analysis

This multisite study is a three-arm randomised controlled trial. The primary objective is to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention to improve oral hygiene outcomes by promoting positive oral hygiene behaviours and skills among individuals with mild dementia. Care partners’ behaviour factors, such as oral care self-efficacy and implementation of the care plan, serve as mediators of the intervention. Participant–care partner dyads will be randomly assigned to either Treatment Group 1, Treatment Group 2 or the Control Group. All groups will receive an educational booklet. Treatment Group 1 and Treatment Group 2 will receive a smart electronic toothbrush. Treatment Group 2 (the intervention group) will also receive an oral hygiene care skill assessment, personalised oral hygiene instruction and treatment plan; and care partners will receive in-home and telephone coaching on behaviour change. Oral health outcomes will be compared across the three groups. The duration of the active intervention is 3 months, with an additional 3-month maintenance phase. Data collection will involve three home visits: baseline, 3 months and 6 months. The study enrollment started in November 2021, and the data collection will end in Spring 2024.

Ethics and dissemination

The study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Duke University, and is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov. A Data Safety Monitoring Board has been constituted. The study findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and social media.

Trial registration number

NCT04390750.
Cross-sectional survey of changes in knowledge, attitudes and practice of mask use in Sydney and Melbourne during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Quigley Ashley Lindsay , Trent Mallory , Seale Holly , Chughtai Abrar Ahmad , MacIntyre C Raina
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Since mask uptake and the timing of mask use has the potential to influence the control of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study aimed to assess the changes in knowledge toward mask use in Sydney and Melbourne, Australia, during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.

Design

An observational study, using a cross-sectional survey, was distributed to adults in Sydney and Melbourne, Australia, during July–August 2020 (survey 1) and September 2020 (survey 2), during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia.

Setting and participants

Participants aged 18 years or older and living in either Sydney or Melbourne.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Demographics, risk measures, COVID-19 severity and perception, mask attitude and uptake were determined in this study.

Results

A total of 700 participants completed the survey. In both Sydney and Melbourne, a consistent decrease was reported in almost all risk-mitigation behaviours between March 2020 and July 2020 and again between March 2020 and September 2020. However, mask use and personal protective equipment use increased in both Sydney and Melbourne from March 2020 to September 2020. There was no significant difference in mask use during the pandemic between the two cities across both timepoints (1.24 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.22; p=0.072)). Perceived severity and perceived susceptibility of COVID-19 infection were significantly associated with mask uptake. Trust in information on COVID-19 from both national (1.77 (95% CI 1.29 to 2.44); p<0.000)) and state (1.62 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.22); p=0.003)) government was a predictor of mask use across both surveys.

Conclusion

Sydney and Melbourne both had high levels of reported mask wearing during July 2020 and September 2020, consistent with the second wave and mask mandates in Victoria, and cluster outbreaks in Sydney at the time. High rates of mask compliance may be explained by high trust levels in information from national and state government, mask mandates, risk perceptions, current outbreaks and the perceived level of risk of COVID-19 infection at the time.
Optimising transitions of care for acute kidney injury survivors: protocol for a mixed-methods study of nephrologist and primary care provider recommendations
Authors: May Heather Personett , Krauter Abby K , Finnie Dawn M , McCoy Rozalina Grubina , Kashani Kianoush B , Griffin Joan M , Barreto Erin F
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects nearly 20% of all hospitalised patients and is associated with poor outcomes. Long-term complications can be partially attributed to gaps in kidney-focused care and education during transitions. Building capacity across the healthcare spectrum by engaging a broad network of multidisciplinary providers to facilitate optimal follow-up care represents an important mechanism to address this existing care gap. Key participants include nephrologists and primary care providers and in-depth study of each specialty’s approach to post-AKI care is essential to optimise care processes and healthcare delivery for AKI survivors.

Methods and analysis

This explanatory sequential mixed-methods study uses survey and interview methodology to assess nephrologist and primary care provider recommendations for post-AKI care, including KAMPS (kidney function assessment, awareness and education, medication review, blood pressure monitoring and sick day education) elements of follow-up, the role of multispecialty collaboration, and views on care process-specific and patient-specific factors influencing healthcare delivery. Nephrologists and primary care providers will be surveyed to assess recommendations and clinical decision-making in the context of post-AKI care. Descriptive statistics and the Pearson’s χ2 or Fisher’s exact test will be used to compare results between groups. This will be followed by semistructured interviews to gather rich, qualitative data that explains and/or connects results from the quantitative survey. Both deductive analysis and inductive analysis will occur to identify and compare themes.

Ethics and dissemination

This study has been reviewed and deemed exempt by the Institutional Review Board at Mayo Clinic (IRB 20–0 08 793). The study was deemed exempt due to the sole use of survey and interview methodology. Results will be disseminated in presentations and manuscript form through peer-reviewed publication.
More than just staffing? Assessing evidence on the complex interplay among nurse staffing, other features of organisational context and resident outcomes in long-term care: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Choroschun Katharina , Kennedy Megan , Hoben Matthias
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Especially in acute care, evidence points to an association between care staffing and resident outcomes. However, this evidence is more limited in residential long-term care (LTC). Due to fundamental differences in the population of care recipients, organisational processes and staffing models, studies in acute care may not be applicable to LTC settings. We especially lack evidence on the complex interplay among nurse staffing and organisational context factors such as leadership, work culture or communication, and how these complex interactions influence resident outcomes. Our systematic review will identify and synthesise the available evidence on how nurse staffing and organisational context in residential LTC interact and how this impacts resident outcomes.

Methods and analysis

We will systematically search the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO from inception for quantitative research studies and systematically conducted reviews that statistically modelled interactions among nurse staffing and organisational context variables. We will include original studies that included nurse staffing and organisational context in LTC as independent variables, modelled interactions between these variables and described associations of these interactions with resident outcomes. Two reviewers will independently screen titles/abstracts and full texts for inclusion. They will also screen contents of key journals, publications of key authors and reference lists of all included studies. Discrepancies at any stage of the process will be resolved by consensus. Data extraction will be performed by one research team member and checked by a second team member. Two reviewers will independently assess the methodological quality of included studies using four validated checklists appropriate for different research designs. We will conduct a meta-analysis if pooling is possible. Otherwise, we will synthesise results using thematic analysis and vote counting.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not required as this project does not involve primary data collection. The results of this study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and conference presentation.

PROSPERO Registration number

CRD42021272671.
Personalised Lung Cancer Screening (PLuS) study to assess the importance of coexisting chronic conditions to clinical practice and policy: protocol for a multicentre observational study
Authors: Braithwaite Dejana , Karanth Shama D , Slatore Christopher G , Zhang Dongyu , Bian Jiang , Meza Rafael , Jeon Jihyoun , Tammemagi Martin , Schabath Mattthew , Wheeler Meghann , Guo Yi , Hochhegger Bruno , Kaye Frederic J , Silvestri Gerard A , Gould Michael K
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the USA and worldwide, and lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose CT (LDCT) has the potential to improve lung cancer outcomes. A critical question is whether the ratio of potential benefits to harms found in prior LCS trials applies to an older and potentially sicker population. The Personalised Lung Cancer Screening (PLuS) study will help close this knowledge gap by leveraging real-world data to fully characterise LCS recipients. The principal goal of the PLuS study is to characterise the comorbidity burden of individuals undergoing LCS and quantify the benefits and harms of LCS to enable informed decision-making.

Methods and analysis

PLuS is a multicentre observational study designed to assemble an LCS cohort from the electronic health records of ~40 000 individuals undergoing annual LCS with LDCT from 2016 to 2022. Data will be integrated into a unified repository to (1) examine the burden of multimorbidity by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status and age; (2) quantify potential benefits and harms; and (3) use the observational data with validated simulation models in the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET) to provide LCS outcomes in the real-world US population. We will fit a multivariable logistic regression model to estimate the adjusted ORs of comorbidity, functional limitations and impaired pulmonary function adjusted for relevant covariates. We will also estimate the cumulative risk of LCS outcomes using discrete-time survival models. To our knowledge, this is the first study to combine observational data and simulation models to estimate the long-term impact of LCS with LDCT.

Ethics and dissemination

The study was approved by the Kaiser Permanente Southern California Institutional Review Board and VA Portland Health Care System. The results will be disseminated through publications and presentations at national and international conferences. Safety considerations include protection of patient confidentiality.
Disease activity, burden and suffering in patients with ulcerative colitis in the UK cohort recruited into the global ICONIC study
Authors: Bhala Neeraj , Hart Ailsa , Watts David , Lewis Stephen , Ghosh Subrata , Hansell Chris , Ahmad Tariq , Van Haaren Stijn , Sensky Tom
Published: June 2022

Objective

The Understanding the Impact of Ulcerative Colitis and Its Associated Disease Burden on Patients (ICONIC) was a 2-year, global, prospective, observational study assessing disease burden in adults recently diagnosed (≤36 months) with ulcerative colitis (UC) receiving routine outpatient care, irrespective of disease severity or treatment. A subanalysis was conducted to understand the UK perspective.

Design/method

All eligible consenting patients enrolled in ICONIC from the UK were included in the subanalysis of patient-reported and physician-reported outcomes at baseline and year 2 (Y2).

Results

Sixty-three UK patients were included (mean age 43.4 years, 58.7% female). At baseline and Y2, the mean (±SD) Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index (SCCAI) scores were 3.6 (±3.3) and 1.5 (±1.5); Patient Modified Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index (P-SSCAI) were 4.9 (±4.0) and 2.6 (±2.6), respectively. Physician-reported Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure (PRISM) median scores (assessing inverse of suffering) were 3.5 (IQR 2.0–6.8) at baseline and 5.5 (IQR 3.6–6.9) at Y2; patient-reported PRISM scores were 4.7 (IQR 2.6–6.9) and 5.4 (IQR 3.2–8.0), respectively. At baseline, SCCAI and P-SCCAI were strongly correlated (r=0.86, p<0.0001), and patient-reported and physician-reported PRISM scores moderately correlated (r=0.67, p<0.0001). At Y2, moderate correlations were observed (SCCAI vs P-SCCAI: r=0.72, p<0.0001; patient-reported vs physician- reported PRISM: r=0.60, p<0.0001). Rating Form of IBD Patient Concerns scores indicated patients’ greatest concerns were with energy level, having an ostomy bag and effects of medication (baseline scores >3.0).

Conclusions

These findings demonstrated the multifaceted burden of disease in patients recently diagnosed with UC in the UK. Agreement between patients and physicians on disease activity/severity varied according to the instrument used.
Vaccines for immunoprevention of DNA mismatch repair deficient cancers
Authors: Hernandez-Sanchez Alejandro , Grossman Mark , Yeung Kevin , Sei Shizuko S , Lipkin Steven , Kloor Matthias
Published: June 2022

The development of cancer vaccines to induce tumor-antigen specific immune responses was sparked by the identification of antigens specific to or overexpressed in cancer cells. However, weak immunogenicity and the mutational heterogeneity in many cancers have dampened cancer vaccine successes. With increasing information about mutational landscapes of cancers, mutational neoantigens can be predicted computationally to elicit strong immune responses by CD8 +cytotoxic T cells as major mediators of anticancer immune response. Neoantigens are potentially more robust immunogens and have revived interest in cancer vaccines. Cancers with deficiency in DNA mismatch repair have an exceptionally high mutational burden, including predictable neoantigens. Lynch syndrome is the most common inherited cancer syndrome and is caused by DNA mismatch repair gene mutations. Insertion and deletion mutations in coding microsatellites that occur during DNA replication include tumorigenesis drivers. The induced shift of protein reading frame generates neoantigens that are foreign to the immune system. Mismatch repair-deficient cancers and Lynch syndrome represent a paradigm population for the development of a preventive cancer vaccine, as the mutations induced by mismatch repair deficiency are predictable, resulting in a defined set of frameshift peptide neoantigens. Furthermore, Lynch syndrome mutation carriers constitute an identifiable high-risk population. We discuss the pathogenesis of DNA mismatch repair deficient cancers, in both Lynch syndrome and sporadic microsatellite-unstable cancers. We review evidence for pre-existing immune surveillance, the three mechanisms of immune evasion that occur in cancers and assess the implications of a preventive frameshift peptide neoantigen-based vaccine. We consider both preclinical and clinical experience to date. We discuss the feasibility of a cancer preventive vaccine for Lynch syndrome carriers and review current antigen selection and delivery strategies. Finally, we propose RNA vaccines as having robust potential for immunoprevention of Lynch syndrome cancers.
Phase 1, dose-escalation study of guadecitabine (SGI-110) in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with solid tumors
Authors: Papadatos-Pastos Dionysis , Yuan Wei , Pal Abhijit , Crespo Mateus , Ferreira Ana , Gurel Bora , Prout Toby , Ameratunga Malaka , Chénard-Poirier Maxime , Curcean Andra , Bertan Claudia , Baker Chloe , Miranda Susana , Masrour Nahal , Chen Wentin , Pereira Rita , Figueiredo Ines , Morilla Ricardo , Jenkins Ben , Zachariou Anna , Riisnaes Ruth , Parmar Mona , Turner Alison , Carreira Suzanne , Yap Christina , Brown Robert , Tunariu Nina , Banerji Udai , Lopez Juanita , de Bono Johann , Minchom Anna
Published: June 2022

Background

Data suggest that immunomodulation induced by DNA hypomethylating agents can sensitize tumors to immune checkpoint inhibitors. We conducted a phase 1 dose-escalation trial (NCT02998567) of guadecitabine and pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. We hypothesized that guadecitabine will overcome pembrolizumab resistance.

Methods

Patients received guadecitabine (45 mg/m2or 30 mg/m2, administered subcutaneously on days 1–4), with pembrolizumab (200 mg administered intravenously starting from cycle 2 onwards) every 3 weeks. Primary endpoints were safety, tolerability and maximum tolerated dose; secondary and exploratory endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), changes in methylome, transcriptome, immune contextures in pre-treatment and on-treatment tumor biopsies.

Results

Between January 2017 and January 2020, 34 patients were enrolled. The recommended phase II dose was guadecitabine 30 mg/m2, days 1–4, and pembrolizumab 200 mg on day 1 every 3 weeks. Two dose-limiting toxicities (neutropenia, febrile neutropenia) were reported at guadecitabine 45 mg/m2with none reported at guadecitabine 30 mg/m2. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were neutropenia (58.8%), fatigue (17.6%), febrile neutropenia (11.8%) and nausea (11.8%). Common, grade 3+ TRAEs were neutropaenia (38.2%) and febrile neutropaenia (11.8%). There were no treatment-related deaths. Overall, 30 patients were evaluable for antitumor activity; ORR was 7% with 37% achieving disease control (progression-free survival) for ≥24 weeks. Of 12 evaluable patients with non-small cell lung cancer, 10 had been previously treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors with 5 (42%) having disease control ≥24 weeks (clinical benefit). Reduction in LINE-1 DNA methylation following treatment in blood (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) and tissue samples was demonstrated and methylation at transcriptional start site and 5’ untranslated region gene regions showed enriched negative correlation with gene expression. Increases in intra-tumoural effector T-cells were seen in some responding patients. Patients having clinical benefit had high baseline inflammatory signature on RNAseq analyses.

Conclusions

Guadecitabine in combination with pembrolizumab is tolerable with biological and anticancer activity. Reversal of previous resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors is demonstrated.
Antibody and T cell responses to COVID-19 vaccination in patients receiving anticancer therapies
Authors: Rouhani Sherin Juliet , Yu Jovian , Olson Daniel , Zha Yuanyuan , Pezeshk Apameh , Cabanov Alexandra , Pyzer Athalia R , Trujillo Jonathan , Derman Benjamin A , O'Donnell Peter , Jakubowiak Andrzej , Kindler Hedy L , Bestvina Christine , Gajewski Thomas F
Published: June 2022

Background

Patients with cancer were excluded from phase 3 COVID-19 vaccine trials, and the immunogenicity and side effect profiles of these vaccines in this population is not well understood. Patients with cancer can be immunocompromised from chemotherapy, corticosteroids, or the cancer itself, which may affect cellular and/or humoral responses to vaccination. PD-1 is expressed on T effector cells, T follicular helper cells and B cells, leading us to hypothesize that anti-PD-1 immunotherapies may augment antibody or T cell generation after vaccination.

Methods

Antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) and spike protein were assessed in patients with cancer (n=118) and healthy donors (HD, n=22) after 1, 2 or 3 mRNA vaccine doses. CD4+and CD8+T cell reactivity to wild-type (WT) or B.1.617.2 (delta) spike peptides was measured by intracellular cytokine staining.

Results

Oncology patients without prior COVID-19 infections receiving immunotherapy (n=36), chemotherapy (n=15), chemoimmunotherapy (n=6), endocrine or targeted therapies (n=6) and those not on active treatment (n=26) had similar RBD and Spike IgG antibody titers to HDs after two vaccinations. Contrary to our hypothesis, PD-1 blockade did not augment antibody titers or T cell responses. Patients receiving B-cell directed therapies (n=14) including anti-CD20 antibodies and multiple myeloma therapies had decreased antibody titers, and 9/14 of these patients were seronegative for RBD antibodies. No differences were observed in WT spike-reactive CD4+and CD8+T cell generation between treatment groups. 11/13 evaluable patients seronegative for RBD had a detectable WT spike-reactive CD4+T cell response. T cells cross-reactive against the B.1.617.2 variant spike peptides were detected in 31/59 participants. Two patients with prior immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adrenal insufficiency had symptomatic hypoadrenalism after vaccination.

Conclusions

COVID-19 vaccinations are safe and immunogenic in patients with solid tumors, who developed similar antibody and T cell responses compared with HDs. Patients on B-cell directed therapies may fail to generate RBD antibodies after vaccination and should be considered for prophylactic antibody treatments. Many seronegative patients do develop a T cell response, which may have an anti-viral effect. Patients with pre-existing adrenal insufficiency may need to take stress dose steroids during vaccination to avoid adrenal crisis.
Phenotypical changes and clinical significance of CD4+/CD8+T cells in SLE
Authors: Yuan Shiwen , Zeng Yanting , Li Jiawei , Wang Cuicui , Li Weinian , He Zhixiang , Ye Jinghua , Li Fangfei , Chen Yi , Lin Xiaojun , Yu Na , Cai Xiaoyan
Published: June 2022

Objective

T cells display significant phenotypical changes and play multiple roles in promoting the immune response in SLE. The frequencies of T cell subpopulations in SLE are still not well understood. To better understanding the phenotypic abnormalities of T cells in SLE will help us to clarify disease immunopathology and to find promising biomarkers for disease monitoring and control.

Methods

Peripheral blood CD4+and CD8+T cells and their subsets were determined by flow cytometry. Forty-one active SLE patients were selected, including 28 new-onset patients and 13 relapsing patients. One hundred healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled as the control group. The percentages of these cell subsets between patients with SLE and HCs and their relationships with disease activity and autoantibody titers were analysed. Thirteen of 28 new-onset SLE patients were assessed before and after treatment. The changes in the frequencies of these cell subsets and their relationships with renal response were analysed.

Results

There was a broad range of anomalies in the proportion of T cell subsets in patients with SLE compared with that of the HCs. Compared with the HCs, a higher frequency of memory T cells and a lower frequency of naïve T cells were noted in patients with SLE. In addition, an imbalance of CD28+and CD28−cells in CD4+T cells was observed in patients with SLE. We found that the expanded CD4+CD28−T cells did not decrease after treatment in patients who had impaired renal responses. It was very interesting to exhibit a negative correlation in the frequency between the CD4+CD28−T cells and T regulatory (Treg) cells and a positive correlation between the frequency of CD4+CD28+T cells and Treg cells in this study. Increased CD8+HLADR+T cell and CD8+CD38+HLADR+T cell counts were observed in patients with SLE, suggesting an impaired cytotoxic capacity of CD8+T cells in SLE. Additionally, we found that CD8+CD38+HLADR+T cells were closely associated with disease activity, autoantibody titres and renal prognosis. CD4+CXCR5−PD1+T cells were expanded in patients with SLE in this study and were associated with disease activity in SLE. Th1 (T helper type 1) cells and Treg cells were decreased, but frequencies of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells and Tfh17 cells were increased. A strong correlation between Th17 cells and Tregs with renal involvement was observed in this study.

Conclusion

The proportions of CD4+CD28−T cells, CD4+CXCR5−PD1+T cells, CD8+HLADR+T cells and CD8+CD38+HLADR+T cells increased in patients with SLE and could be associated with disease activity and renal prognosis.
An Approach to Cultural Competence Education into the Pharmacy Curriculum: Glances from the Cuban Framework
Authors: de las Mercedes Martínez Sánchez Alina , Warrent Salmon Jack
Published: June 2022

Cultural competence is crucial for improved health outcomes in populations. In addition to knowledge and skills, cultural competence involves a confident attitude that underlines regard across all cultures. The importance of cultural competence training has been considered in several pharmacy education statements as part of the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process. Nevertheless, there is a significant discrepancy in the implementation of cultural competence in a curriculum. There is no consensus on how this could be implemented from a view of logical and pedagogical coherence. Consequently, a cultural and interdisciplinary approach should be considered in the curriculum design process respecting the laws and pedagogical principles that guide the process of training professionals at the universities and pharmacy schools. The main purpose of the study is to describe a cultural background to implement cultural competence education in the Cuban pharmacy curriculum. The data for this study was collected through an overall literature review. Using terms specific to Cuban health care, culture, and education, combined with terms linked to cultural competence, global health, and pharmacy education. Relevant statements by the Pan American Health (PAHO) and World Health Organizations (WHO) were extracted. Electronic sites for the American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, and Pharmacy Education were reviewed. Scopus, Google Scholar, EBSCO Host, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and Web of Knowledge databases were examined. The outcomes of this study reveal that Cuba is a culturally rich country with complex and diverse perspectives on health. Cuban culture is the result of extremely broad and tedious transculturation processes; therefore, it is not possible to exhaust the subject in a single inquiry. Health and education in Cuba are politically entwined; statistical data, arguments, and related information are not always available to be studied or compared. This study identifies the need for a sincere effort toward global pharmacy education’s purpose; respect for religious values, traditional beliefs, historic and political factors were also taken into consideration to design a framework for cultural competence with Cuban pharmacy curricula. The repercussions of the current study will be valuable to developing curricular improvement processes aimed at implementing cultural competency in pharmacy education taking into consideration an essentially cultural perspective. Furthermore, this study offers a background to simplify culturally sensitive exchanges among practitioners, undergraduates, stakeholders, and other faculties of pharmacy members from Cuba and other nations when they involve health care and pharmacy practice or education.
Effect of Solvents on the Fluorescent Spectroscopy of BODIPY-520 Derivative
Authors: Kamel Buthaina , Sayem El-Daher Moustafa , Bachir Wesam , Ibrahim Amina , Aljalali Sinan
Published: June 2022

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a selective and minimally invasive technique for the treatment of tumors. It includes three components such as photosensitizer, light, and molecular oxygen. The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of the solvents such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, and water on fluorescent spectroscopy produced by one of the BODIPY derivatives in turbid media. A 520 nm laser diode is used for exciting one of the BODIPY derivatives as a photosensitizer in tissue-like optical phantoms. Results show that the photosensitizer studied without absorption and scattering components in the methanol and ethanol solvent has a prominent fluorescence peak at 600 nm, whereas acetone solvent has a prominent fluorescence peak at 546 nm. Experimental results reveal that when absorption and scattering components are present in addition to the studied solvents, the characteristic fluorescence intensity peak is red-shifted to 678 nm.
The Importance of the Maxillary and Mandibular Incisors in Predicting the Canines and Premolars Crown Widths
Authors: Al-Khannaq Mohammed Rafid A. , Nahidh Mohammed , Al-Dulaimy Dunia Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Background. The purpose of the present study was to use the combined mesiodistal crown widths of the mandibular and maxillary incisors as predictors for the combined mesiodistal crown widths of mandibular and maxillary canines and premolars. Materials and Methods. One hundred and twenty pairs of study models belong to 120 Iraqi adult subjects with normal dental and skeletal relations were included in the study. The crown widths of the mandibular and maxillary incisors, canines, and premolars were assessed at the maximum mesiodistal dimension on the dental casts using a digital electronic caliper with 0.01 mm sensitivity. The correlation between combined mesiodistal crown widths of the mandibular and the maxillary incisors and combined mesiodistal crown widths of mandibular and maxillary premolars and canines has been determined using Pearson’s coefficient correlation test for each arch and gender. Using simple regression analysis, the equations predicting the widths of the mandibular and maxillary premolars and canines were established. The predicted and the actual mesiodistal crown width values have been compared with the use of a paired sample t-test. Results. According to the findings of the present study, males had significantly wider teeth compared to females. Correlations between the measured parameters ranged from moderate to strong. A nonsignificant difference between actual and predicted mesiodistal crown widths was discovered. Conclusions. With a high degree of accuracy, the combined mesiodistal widths of the maxillary and the mandibular incisors could be utilized for predicting the combined mesiodistal crown widths of the mandibular and maxillary canines and premolars.
Convolutional Neural Network-Based Virtual Reality Real-Time Interactive System Design for Unity3D
Authors: Li Hongxia
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the algorithm of the convolutional neural network is used for in-depth research and analysis of real-time interactivity, and a virtual reality real-time interactive system is designed based on Unity3D. Aiming at the problems of high computation and low efficiency of existing high-precision models, based on the lightweight network model, this paper proposes a real-time semantic segmentation method based on an asymmetric codec. The encoder part of the network adopts a newly designed bottleneck residual module based on depth-separable convolution, null convolution, and decomposition convolution to extract local and contextual information without increasing the computational effort. At the same time, channel rearrangement is introduced in the module to facilitate the interaction of information between channels. The approach proposed in this paper can present the architectural system simply and clearly and is more flexible to match various complex business relationships. The system design technology is based on the Spring MVC framework technology, using visualization technology design and implementation. The combination of the Spring MVC framework and Unity3D achieves the separation of the front and back ends of the system, which makes the system stable, real-time, visible, and efficient. Meanwhile, a newly designed global attention guidance module based on the attention mechanism is introduced at the jump connection between codecs to guide the low-level features of encoder structure and high-level features of decoder structure for better integration and accuracy improvement.
Evaluation of the Response to Pulpal Sensibility Tests (Cold, EPT) in Anemic and Healthy Women
Authors: Kazemipoor Maryam , Vatanchian Mohammad Kazem , Jambarsang Sara , Owlia Fatemeh
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The prevalence of anemia has been reported high in the female population in Iran. Anemia can be asymptomatic or can present in a variety of symptoms, especially when serum Hb values decrease. The present study would assess dental pulp response to cold and EPT sensibility tests in anemic and healthy women. Materials and Methods. One hundred twenty maxillary central incisors belonging to participants aged 18–58 years were included in this survey. 60 patients had anemia (Hb ≤ 12.5) with/without medication (30 in each group) and 60 women as controls had no anemia (Hb > 12.5) with/without medication (30 in each group). Electric and cold pulpal sensibility tests were performed for all teeth. Statistical analysis was performed with t-student, Chi-square test, and two-way ANOVA. The significance level was set as

p
<
0.05

. Results. According to the results of this study, the mean value of hemoglobin in anemic and healthy women was 11.5 and 14.08 g/dl, respectively. The mean value of response to EPT in anemic women with and without medication was 3.21 and 3.14, respectively. The mean value of response to EPT in healthy women with and without medication was 3.81 and 3.58 g/dl, respectively. The mean value of time delay response to cold test was 3.03 and 2.82 s in anemic patients with/without medication. Also, the mean value of time delay response to cold test was 2.80 and 2.93 s in healthy women with/without medication. The pulpal responses to EPT tests had significant differences between anemic and healthy women (

p
=
0.043

). There were no significant differences between anemic and healthy women considering time delay response to the cold test (

p
=
0.077

). Conclusion. Based on the results of the present study, tooth response to the EPT  sensibility test may alter in anemic patients despite medication. The evidence from this preliminary study suggests that peripheral neuropathy in anemic patients could affect pulpal sensibility tests.
College English Assisted Teaching Based on Flipped Classroom and Its Influence on Students’ Learning Psychology
Authors: Zhang Jing
Published: June 2022

English reading occupies a large proportion of English test papers, and English reading ability is crucial for college students. However, in the actual teaching process, teachers often neglect the cultivation of students’ reading ability. Influenced by the new crown epidemic, various schools actively carry out online teaching. Through online teaching, we found that students’ interest in English classes has significantly increased, and the flipped classroom teaching model is a teaching model that combines online and offline teaching. Therefore, this study attempted to apply the flipped classroom model to college English reading instruction to stimulate students’ interest in English reading, increase students’ participation in class, and improve students’ ability to cooperate with each other and ultimately improve students’ reading performance. In this study, independent and paired sample

t

-tests were conducted using SPSS on the results of two reading tests to analyze the effect of this teaching method on the reading level of college students. The data collected from the questionnaires were quantitatively analyzed to understand the changing status of college students’ interest in reading and their perceptions of this instructional model. The study found that the flipped classroom can improve the reading level of college students. As for the survey of students’ cultural knowledge in the classroom, 56% of them know more about it, and 44% of them have almost no relevant background knowledge. In summary, we can conclude that students do not do enough prereading before class, their participation in class is low, and they know less about the corresponding cultural background knowledge. In the process of flipped classroom teaching, teachers should focus on adapting to their role change in time and selecting high-quality resources to push to students. At the same time, they should also strengthen the cultivation of students’ independent learning ability before class, improve students’ initiative, communicate more with students in class, find students’ problems in time and give corresponding guidance according to students’ specific conditions, and pay attention to the evaluation mode after class. Finally, we give teachers and students corresponding suggestions for the problems that appear in the experimental process, so as to promote the flipped classroom teaching to better serve the college reading teaching.
Reverse Takutsubo Cardiomyopathy in a Patient with Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens
Authors: Echefu Gift , Hammett Daniel , Ausef Amir , LaMotte Lance
Published: June 2022

Reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy (rTTC) is a rare variant of takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) which is characterized by reversible left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Emotional and physical stress have been implicated in triggering TTC especially in postmenopausal women. TTC and its variants are becoming more recognized due to the widespread adoption of early coronary angiography in the setting of acute coronary syndromes. A man in his late 50s presented to the emergency department with left lower extremity pain, swelling, and cyanosis. Clinical assessment was consistent with phlegmasia cerulea dolens, with deep venous thrombosis detected by venous duplex ultrasound. During his admission, he developed clinical and EKG findings suggestive of acute coronary syndrome. Emergent coronary angiography and ventriculography revealed basal and midventricular hypokinesis with hyperdynamic left ventricular apex, depressed LV dysfunction without coronary artery obstruction diagnostic of reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Venous thromboembolism is a rare finding but has been associated with takotsubo cardiomyopathy and should be considered in the appropriate setting.
Data Mining Method Based on Mobile Network Communication in Volleyball Training
Authors: Han Bo
Published: June 2022

In recent years, volleyball has developed rapidly, and the requirements of athletes’ physical fitness have been continuously improved. The way to improve physical fitness is physical training. Therefore, how to improve sports performance and physical fitness level has become a problem that needs to be solved in current volleyball training. This paper adopts the methods of literature materials, expert interviews, testing methods, experimental methods, mathematical statistics, and logical analysis methods and conducts experiments on the actual situation of college volleyball students by using mobile network communication data mining. Comparing the test and experimental data, it was found that the test groups had significant differences in the test scores of agility, jumping ability, lower arm explosive power, upper body power, abdominal strength, back strength, and coordination. The sample T test was performed on the improvement of the experimental group and the control group (boys) in the 30 m running and 9 m × 10 movement test scores, and P3 = 0.442 and P9 = 0.338 (

P
>
0.05

) were obtained, respectively. The posttest score was 0.064 higher than the pretest score.
High Precision Control of Rotating Payload Satellite considering Static and Dynamic Unbalanced Disturbance
Authors: Zhao Yatao , Wei Cheng , Wei Qingsheng , Zhao Yang
Published: June 2022

This paper is devoted to suppressing the lumped disturbance, which is mainly composed of static and dynamic unbalanced disturbance, to ensure the imaging quality of the rotating payload satellite system with a five-degree-of-freedom active magnetic bearing. The dynamic model of lumped disturbance in imaging phase is established to design the balancing error index of payload unbalance, and the effect of bearing mechanical characteristics is analyzed. A novel fixed-time extended state observer is proposed to estimate unknown lumped disturbance and uncertainty. On this basis, a novel quaternion-based fixed-time nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller is presented to achieve high precision, high stability, and chattering-free attitude control. The complete proof on the faster convergence performance of the presented sliding mode surface compared to the existing sliding mode surfaces and the fixed-time convergence of the presented controller is provided. Numerical simulation results are carried out to verify the lumped disturbance modeling accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
The Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Psychological Nursing of Acute Cerebral Infarction with Insomnia, Anxiety, and Depression
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Chen Jie , Liu Yun-e , Wu Yan
Published: June 2022

Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is a kind of stoke, mostly suffering from insomnia, anxiety, and depression; therefore, the importance of psychological nursing in such patients is a necessary mean. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a psychological theory which advocates embracing pain, improving the ability to face pain, with the goal of improving psychological flexibility, so as to reduce the negative impact of pain on personal life. To explore the effect of psychological nursing intervention on ACI patients with anxiety, depression and insomnia are based on acceptance and commitment therapy. A randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 140 eligible ACI patients suffering from insomnia, anxiety, and depression who were selected using easy sampling methods and allocated randomly into two groups of observation and control. The data were collect through demographic questionnaires, the summary of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaires (CFQ), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). The observation group received ACT treatment, while the control group received standard care. The scores of AAQ-II and CFQ were significantly decreased in the observation group, indicating that psychological flexibility was improved (

P
<
0.05

); the scores of SAS and SDS were significantly decreased in the observation group; and the scores of PSQI and AIS were significantly decreased in the observation group. The difference between the two groups was verified by

t

-test.