bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Danger of Fragmentation Failures of Composite Gas Fuel Cylinders with Micro- and Macrodamages of Inner Metal Shell
Authors: Yakovleva S P , Makharova S N
Published: June 2019

Gas fuel cylinders (GFCs) for motor vehicles are a source of man-made danger with such damaging factors as thermal radiation, open flame, as well as shock air waves and fragments in a case of an explosive nature of depressurization. To increase reliability of GFC, it is urgent to study causes of their fracture under various conditions of operation, in particular in a cryolithozone. A purpose of this paper is analysis the fragmentation of GFC to identify factors affecting safety of operation of gas cylinder vehicles in the sharply continental climate conditions. A character and causes of premature destruction of two metal-composite cylinders for compressed natural gas, occurred in winter and summer time, were investigated. It is found that the destruction was induced by defects of an inner steel shell of the cylinders (mechanical damage, presence of a decarburized layer, and hydrogen degradation), which caused initial cracks formation according to a fatigue mechanism. The main natural and climatic factor that stimulated reaching a state of overload in GFC with the defects of the inner shell was environment temperature fluctuations. Results of the paper can be used to improve operational capability of GFC, to ensure the safety of their operation and development of compensatory measures.
Substantiation of Choice of Method of Manufacturing and Delivery of Emulsion Explosives in Modern Conditions of Functioning of Mining Enterprises
Authors: Domozhirov D V , Pytalev I A , Nosov I I , Nosov V I , Gaponova I V
Published: June 2019

The paper shows the mineral deposits of the southern Urals, which do open-pit mining with the use of emulsion explosives (EE). The classification of EE type “water in oil” is developed depending on the main components of the emulsion matrix at the final stage of its production. Possible variants of mobile technological complexes and their adaptation in the conditions of the market and modern conditions of functioning of the mining enterprises are presented. Technological chain is presented from point of fabrication emulsion on base mobile technological complexes to the loading downhole charges with emulsion explosives. The ways to improve the competitiveness by an example of famous mining enterprises with different production capacity, wich use emulsion explosives of the type “water in oil”, are shown and worked over. Adaptation models are developed to improve the efficiency of mining enterprises in the conditions of modern market relations by transferring the preparation process to outsourcing or partial outsourcing to companies with special mobile technological complexes. The scheme of relations between mining companies and outsourcing companies and the efficiency of the outsourcing project is shown on the example of the organization LLC “Ural Sibirit” (Magnitogorsk), which manufactures emulsion explosives “Sibirit-1000 and 1200” on base of mobile technological complex.
Environmental Problems of Solid Fuel Combustion in House Furnaces and Small Boilers and Ways their Solution
Authors: Maysyuk E P , Kozlov A N
Published: June 2019

This work is devoted to the determination of the volume and composition of emissions into the atmosphere during the combustion of solid fuels (coal, wood) in house furnaces and small boilers with capacity till 1 Gcal/h. The relevance of this work is stipulated by the fact that a large number of small boiler operate in Russia, especially in rural and decentralized areas of energy supply. In addition, each city has many private residencies heated by wood and coal-burning house furnaces. The large coal reserves, as well as its low cost, make it a priority fuel, especially in the eastern regions of the country. When coal and wood are burnt in small heat sources, the resulting emissions enter directly into the atmosphere surface layer, where human activity is carried out. Thus, using the example of Irkutsk Oblast, it has been demonstrated that the burning of high-ash Cheremkhovsky coal in house furnaces produces the estimated amount of emissions that is 4.4 times higher than that produced by small boilers. Such amount of emissions is due to the low efficiency of coal combustion. As a result, conducting environmental assessments of the impact of small boilers and house furnaces on the environment help formulate the main environmental problems and determine the range of issues that need to be solved.
Technogenic Fillers for Epoxy Composites Using Slag of Electric Furnace Steelmaking Production
Authors: Kiryushina N Yu , Semeykin A Yu
Published: June 2019

The article presents the results of studies of slag of the Oskol Electrometallurgical Plant (JSC «OEMK») as fillers for epoxy composites. The research data indicate the possibility of using this technogenic product as a filler to increase physical and chemical resistance in the production of composites, which contributes to saving energy resources, waste utilization and improving the ecological situation in the Belgorod region.
Information System for Forecasting and Management of Occupational Risks
Authors: Klimova E V , Semeykin A Yu , Nosatova E A
Published: June 2019

The paper shows that the main reason for the occurrence of accidents at work is the human factor. The human factor should be attributed to the possibility of human mistaken or illogical decisions in specific situations, as well as incorrect actions caused by changes in the psychological and / or physiological state of a person due to the influence of factors in the working environment and the labour process, the lack or inadequacy of information support. The task of forecasting and reducing injuries and professional risks can be solved by using modern information technologies for statistical data processing and event prediction. For forecasting and management of professional risks at BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov information system has been developed. System allows to make the right decisions in real conditions taking into account various factors and to reduce the level of occupational injuries and accidents at industrial enterprises. This system is also used in training of managers, specialists and students in the field of occupational safety. The paper presents the structure and algorithm for analysing and predicting incidents and accidents using an information system.
Assessment of Toxicity of Technical Detergents Using Complex of Bioassay Methods
Authors: Saksonov M N , Balayan A E , Stom D I
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this work is to compare the sensitivity of biotesting techniques based on the change in bioluminescence intensity of the “Ecolum” test system, the survival rate and the variation in the trophic activity of daphnia in determining the toxicity of waters containing “TOR-LOCOMOTIVE” and “Chemitek Polypro”. “Tor-locomotive” and “Chemitek Polypro” – highly effective technical means for removing complex contaminants of various nature, for washing the main diesel locomotives and electric locomotives. The trophic activity of the crustaceans was estimated by decreasing the fluorescence intensity of chlorophyll of algal cells. It was revealed that “TOR-LOCOMOTIVE” and “Chemitek Polypro” have an inhibitory effect on the ability of plankton filter-daphnia to extract algae from water during their filtration activity. A number of sensitivity of test-functions of biotests in relation to the detergents studied is constructed: trophic activity of crustaceans > survival of daphnia > bioluminescence “Ecolum”. The most sensitive method of biotesting is to change the trophic activity of daphnia, and the most rapid one is to quench the luminescence of the luminous bacteria. The danger of getting these detergents into the water bodies is associated with the violation of ecological processes essential for self-purification of water, including Lake Baikal.
Wide-Area Data Acquisition System with a Precise Time Synchronization
Authors: Popov M A , Kapitonov V P , Keyno M Y
Published: June 2019

The paper describes a data acquisition system developed in the Far Eastern State Transport University for the state monitoring of the geographically distributed systems. Currently this type of tasks often arises in the various sectors of industry and on the railroads. Using the modern hardware and software platform the prototype of the distributed monitoring system was designed. Various technologies were combined in one solution: sensor networks, microprocessors, data transmitters, wide-area networks, data warehouses, algorithms for data processing and visualization. When data arrive from remote nodes and most of the data contains the fast changing signal arrays, the efficiency of signal processing highly depends on the data synchronization. The main feature of the described system is full automation of the measurements with precision time stamps. It is based on light microprocessor platform operated by Python scripts. The distributed database allows building the united database nodes, which are located on the remote regional servers. The Python-based frameworks were used in order to operate the data in the mid-level and for client interface. The advanced math can be used for the data processing thanks to the precise data synchronization. The proposed approach seems to be very promising for the design of the monitoring systems for the power grids and for the railway infrastructure and rolling stock.
Transport Routes as a Factor in the Transformation of Flora (for the Example of the Khabarovsk Territory)
Authors: Babkina S V , Safonova E V , Mutin V A
Published: June 2019

In the article the peculiarities of the flora of transport lines (road and railways) of Khabarovsk Territory and their influence on flora of adjoining communities are considered. The authors analyzed the peculiarities of flora formation on various structural elements of roads such as roadway; embankments and slopes; negative elements of relief (side drain and drainage ditches); adjoining phytocenoses. The particularities of roadside flora of roads and railways are considered in comparison. The authors give examples of road participation in the distribution of native and alien species. Peculiarities of roadside flora formation are described in the article taking into account ecological characteristics of the region: climatic factors and zonal types of communities. The main trends in the distribution of alien species are indicated. The authors analyzed the existing approaches to assessing the potential danger of quarantine species and concluded their potential threat to the region.
Distribution Ti in Mineral Fractions of Ferromanganese Deposits From the N-W Pacific
Authors: Khanchuk A I , Mikhailik P E , Mikhailik E V
Published: June 2019

The research is presents results of titanium concentrations in mineral fractions of ferromanganese deposit deferent genesis formed in N-W Pacific active and stable tectonic settings. The obtained data are shown that the distribution of titanium in the mineral fractions of the FMD from the N-W Pacific is an additional criterion for their genetic classification. The potential ores of the Magellan seamounts Guyots contain 2.6 million tons of easily recovered titanium, which brings them closer to the reserves of titanomagnetite placers of the coastal strip of the marginal seas of the Far East of Russia Federation.
Methodological Bases of Creation and Development of a New Type of Natural and Technical Systems of Multipurpose Water Use in Urban Areas
Authors: Khetsuriani E D , Bondarenko V L , Polyansky N A
Published: June 2019

In the development of the class of natural-technical systems (NTS) “Natural Environment-Object of Activity-Population” (“NE-OA-P”) on the use of water resources in the multifaceted types of economic and other activities, giving the results of theoretical studies of a specialized type “NTS” in where the component “PS” means the natural water environment (NWE) of a water body as a source of the multi-purpose water supply system (MWS) of the objects of urban households, settlements, enterprises of the fuel and energy complex (TPP, HES, NPP); Under the “OA” water intake technological complex (WITC) is considered, which includes various for the functional purpose of hydraulic structures (HS) and devices for ensuring the selection of estimated water flow (Qm3/s) with an environmentally safe level of protection of the water environment of the water body in the zones of influence of the WITC and the functional work of the treatment facilities in the composition of the MWS; under the component "P is considered MWS that provides water of normative quality to specific water consumers and water users. The methodological basis in creation of new type NTS “NWE - WITC -MWS” considers the system analysis and the approach which is based on concept of “System”. The methodology for creating and developing this type is based on 4 axiomatic conditions: (1) existence as a fundamental characteristic; (2) a multitude of structural formations; (3) unity, as the relationship between natural technogenic components; (4) sufficiency of the initial material for an assessment of an ecological condition of water environment «NWE - WITC -MWS".
The Organizational and Economic Mechanism for the Implementation of Technological Processes in the Field of Waste Management
Authors: Kirillova A N , Musinova N N
Published: June 2019

The article discusses topical environmental problems that disrupt the natural balance of the environment and affect the quality of life, also highlights and structures the main problems in the management of domestic and industrial waste in the territory of most municipalities: deterioration of the sanitary condition of the territories, an increase in the number of unauthorized dumps, a low level of use of secondary resources and subsidized financing for enterprises engaged in the collection, transportation, processing and disposal of waste, inadequate study of technological and economic forecasts. The proposed organizational and economic mechanism of an effective waste management system, based on a cluster approach, includes: creating a platform for interaction and coherence among stakeholders in the implementation of non-waste production and consumption programs; stimulation of business entities to separate collection of municipal waste, engineering solutions for the construction of production facilities for processing. The authors propose the creation of a regional situational waste management center. At the inter-municipal level, it is required to establish an inter-municipal control center for video surveillance, which monitors the construction of facilities and the operation of waste recycling enterprises. An integral system in the sphere of waste management is the organization of environmental education and public control over the state of the natural environment and ensuring the quality of citizens’ residence.
The Non-Stationary Process of Heat-Mass Exchange of Liquefied Methane in a Cryogenic Fuel Tank of Automotive and Tractor Equipment
Authors: Didmanidze O N , Hakimov R T , Silla S A
Published: June 2019

This science article presents the competitive advantages of liquefied natural gas as a motor fuel used in internal combustion engines. Block diagram of interrelation of the influence of construction of aggregates, mechanisms and systems with the purpose of increasing the energy-efficient work of a gas engine is presented. Special attention in article is devoted to the research of critical parameters of pressure and temperature of liquefied methane in the mixture, with associated gases that are in a small fraction, as well as the determination of the heat capacity in the free-cooling mode of the fuel supply system of the gas engine and the cryogenic tank in the filled state in a special thermal insulation. Determination of the critical pressure and temperature parameters is considered under the condition that methane flows in a special round tube to supply gas in a two-phase form to the engine for further conversion of thermal energy to mechanical.
Features of the Natural and Anthropogenic Fluxes of Heavy Metals Formation and Assessment of Cleansing Ability of Northern European Territory of Russia Mouth Rivers
Authors: Zimovets A A , Ovsepyan A E
Published: June 2019

The Northern Dvina River estuary is characterized by specific natural conditions (long cold winters, short cool summers, podzolic type of soil formation, high waterlogging (up to 20%) and high forest cover (about 80%) of the territory), the influence of tidal and wind waves of the White Sea, providing deep penetration into the delta river of salt water, as well as significant anthropogenic influence on the part of the enterprises of pulp and paper industry and forestry, thermal power engineering, etc., located in the cities of Arkhangelsk, Novodvinsk and Severodvinsk. All this has a significant impact on the formation of concentrations and fluxes of heavy metals in the study area. The following balance sheet components are actively involved in heavy metal transport: precipitation (solid and liquid), soils and vegetation; river water (water, suspended matter and bottom sediments); hydrobionts; groundwater; and industrial discharges and emissions. Natural and anthropogenic flows of heavy metals were calculated, and the cleaning capacity of the Northern Dvina River estuary was estimated. On the basis of the obtained data, a conceptual balance model was developed, which describes the processes of transfer of heavy metals between the studied components.
Preservation of Regional Biodiversity Associated with Gold Deposits Development in the Khabarovsky Krai (Based on Mammals Population)
Authors: Tagirova V T , Pushkina E A
Published: June 2019

There are presented the results of the field research of biodiversity and the wildlife state in the aspect of the study of fauna and population of mammals in the land allotment of the exploitable Albazino deposit in the P. Osipenko Municipal District of the Khabarovsky Krai in July-August, 2017. The field surveys of the territory for identification of common and Red Book species of animals were carried out to ensure their safety. The species composition and the numerical vertebrate animals assessment within the land allotment have been studied. The problem of possible preservation of fauna and animal population in connection with precious metal commercial development was researched. The recommendations for preservation of numerically predominant, rare and very rare species of the animal world having significant biocenotic importance in the nature and for a human being have been developed.
Reduction of Pipeline Natural Frequencies by Negative Stiffness Vibration Isolators
Authors: Tokarev A , Zotov A , Valeev A
Published: June 2019

The paper is devoted to the problem of reduction of vibration level of pipelines, caused by resonance with the disturbing frequency of pumping units. The causes of large vibrations of main pump units piping and its influence to the level of the pump unit oscillations are analyzed. The source of increased vibration exposure in the “pump - pipe” system is often not only the pump unit, but pump piping also. Piping of the pumping unit in case of its operating parameters changing can be entered to resonance. It is offered to use disk springs with negative stiffness area for vibration isolation. Pipeline in this case acts as a “stabilizer” for a vibration isolator with negative stiffness. Analytical calculations and experiment have been made to prove the effectiveness of proposed solution.
Wastewater Treatment Using Plant Waste as Adsorbents
Authors: Sivolobova N , Gracheva N , Zheltobryukhov V
Published: June 2019

Adsorbents obtained from waste of plant origin are capable of replacing the traditional sorbents for removing of heavy metal ions from wastewater. The raw materials for the production of these sorbents are the chemically modified sunflower husks, as well as husk waste after industrial extraction of melanin. Experimentally determined the adsorption capacities and removal efficiency for copper and iron ions. Depending on the concentration, adsorption capacities varied from 5 to 25 mg of metal per gram of adsorbent. The use of the proposed adsorbents can also solve the problem of utilization of sorption material waste. The plant basis, and the neutral pH (in the order of 6-7) allows for the spent sorbents to be introduced into the soil as a component of the system of trace elements containing copper and iron.
The Technological Solution for Management of Toxic Wastes Accumulated in the Last Century (on the Example of the Closed Mining Enterprise in the Primorsky Krai)
Authors: Krupskaya L T , Mazur E A , Yu Filatova M
Published: June 2019

Natural-mining technogenic systems formed within the boundaries of the tailings toxic waste impact of the closed Khrustalnensky GOK mining enterprise (the Primorsky Krai) were the object of research. The article presents the data of the long-term researches of the problem for development of technological solution of the accumulated mineral processing toxic wastes management. Exposed to weathering and transformation into new forms, they migrate with groundwater and air flows, having negative impact on ecosphere and human being. Considering this, the aim of the research was to substantiate the need to develop a technological solution for the management of toxic wastes based on the assessment of the present state of the technogenic system and modeling to develop a new technology of liquidation of accumulated environmental damage of the past operation of the former Khrustalnenskiy GOK mining enterprise. Based on the aim of the study, a fundamental research task was established. It includes the scientific basis of assessment and prognosis of environment situation adverse changes. It is established that the technological solution of toxic mining wastes management is based on the results of experimental researches, proposed criteria and principles of ecological rehabilitation of the tailings surface, mining-environmental monitoring of environment objects changes, mathematical modeling of transfer and accumulation of toxic waste technogenic pollution, based on the fundamental principles of hydraulics and engineering hydrology, updating and developing the database of mining and environmental monitoring of ecosystems within the tailings impact boundaries, with regard to the calculation of the pollutants dispersion in the biosphere in the GIS MapInfo-6.0 format.
Optimization Method of the Multimodal Transportation on the Base of Dijkstra’s Algorithm
Authors: Kornilov S N , Deev E A , Lukyanov J I
Published: June 2019

The issues and main problems of the organization of multimodal transportation in Russia are considered in this article. A new method of the optimization of the described cargo transportation is proposed. The advantage of this method is the development of the mathematical model on the base of Dijkstra’s algorithm that could select the most rational variant of the container cargo transportation. The target function of the mathematical model is represented – costs saving of the cargo delivery. Algorithms of the modal operation and software product. The approbation of the method for the certain case of the final products shipping to a consumer is implemented.
Determination of Dependence of Equivalence Ratio on the Air Gap of the Medium Pressure Injection Gas Burner
Authors: Sviridov I E , Shmatov D P , Zubarev K V
Published: June 2019

In this work, a series of calculations of a complete premixing injection gas burner with various air gap widths with ANSYS Fluent software was performed. A natural gas fired injection gas burner is used as a heat source as a part of a thermoelectric generator. Assuming that the gas-air mixture flow is one-dimensional and axisymmetric, the issues were solved in axisymmetric setting, taking into account the gas compressibility. In the performance of a task, a set of assumptions was made: k-epsilon realizable model was picked as turbulence model with scalable wall functions; the flow in the ejector, mixing chamber and diffuser is subsonic; the pressure of the injected air was set to atmospheric pressure; pressure at the inlet to the gas burner is subcritical (≤ 86 kPa for methane). Based on the calculations represented above, the dependence of the equivalence ratio on the air gap width was determined.
Assessment of Spatial and Temporary Features of Distribution of Natural and Man-Made Emergency Situations on the Territory of Siberian Federal District
Authors: Ignateva A V , Knaub R V
Published: June 2019

This paper dissects the current spatial and temporary distribution patterns of emergencies in constituent entities of Siberian Federal District. It dissects the economic, social and environmental situation in these entities. The article contains information about the spatial structure of natural and man-made emergencies which happened in Siberian Federal District is provided. The research presents a method to analyse subjects of Siberian Federal District for the first time. Methods of research includes information about transport, protection from natural disaster, environmental stress and others. The article gives information about natural and man-made emergencies from 2000 to 2013 years is given and is divided by different social situations in each regions.
Magnesium-Containing Slurry as Technogenic Alternative Raw Material for Magnesium Oxychloride Cement
Authors: Lipunov I N , Pervova I G
Published: June 2019

It has been shown experimentally that a waste of magnesium metal production is a realistic alternative to naturally occurring cement raw materials. The waste is the carnallite slurry forming during the chlorination stage. The slurry contains magnesium oxide (MgO) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) in a mass ratio close to their optimal ratio when preparing Sorel cement. It is found that the magnesium oxide in the slurry is highly reactive. MgO extracted from the slurry and MgCl2 solution are mixed forming homogeneous magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) paste in which bonding crystalline structures typical for Sorel cement are formed during hardening.
Wave Equation in the Formulation of the Cauchy Problem with Respect to Spatial Variables for the Prediction of Catastrophic Events
Authors: Chanyshev A I , Efimenko L L , Frolova I V
Published: June 2019

To determine a priori the unknown structure of the Earth and the forecast of catastrophic events such as earthquakes, it is suggested to apply the formulation of the Cauchy problem when both the Cauchy stress vector and the displacement vector as a function of the boundary and time coordinates t are given on the same surface. The advantages of this formulation are demonstrated by the example of the solution of the dynamic problem for a semi-infinite rod where there are no initial conditions along the entire length of the rod, and only Cauchy conditions at the end of the rod imitating the Earth’s surface are given. To construct a finite-difference scheme with the second order of approximation accuracy, both the Cauchy conditions and the wave equation are used at the end of the rod. The calculated dependences of displacements, displacement velocities along the rod, comparison of numerical and analytical solutions are given.
Use of Volumetric Soil Crushing Coefficient for Evaluation of Mechanical Action
Authors: Alekseev V V , Vasiliev S A , Petrov A A , Philippov V P
Published: June 2019

The soil hardness is one of the most important indicators, which makes it possible to estimate the soil layer as the root germination medium and choose one or another method of tillage or the depth of tillage. Due to its informative value, the hardness is used to obtain information about the quality of the performance of cultural-technical and agricultural operations. The main difficulties hindering the objective quantification and comparison of results is a strong influence on the measurement results of the plunger immersion velocity, as well as its shape and cross section. Therefore, the hardness values in the form in which they are currently used represent difficult to compare data, which strongly depend on the human factor and require the elimination of a number of significant flaws. The objectivity of soil impact assessment is significantly increased when using the volumetric soil crushing coefficient instead of the hardness, which in most cases is devoid of the listed drawbacks. The volumetric soil crushing coefficient is quickly and easily measured by hardness diagrams. The assessment of the impact from the machinery on soil compaction according to the volumetric soil crushing coefficient was carried out on light gray forest, dark gray forest and derno-podzolic soils of the Kanash District of the Chuvash Republic.
Toolkit for Assessing and Forecasting the Level of Mineral Resources in the Context of Rational Subsoil Use
Authors: Gerashchenkova T M , Dadykin V S , Dadykina O V
Published: June 2019

In modern economic conditions, regions need to find new drivers of investment growth in order to maintain sustainable development. In this regard, the problem of information security of the subsoil use management at the federal, regional and municipal levels is of particular relevance. It should be noted that in recent years a large number of problems has accumulated in the field of management of mineral resources potential, as one of the most important elements of national economic security. One of the most acute problems in this area is almost complete lack of tools for assessing and forecasting the level of mineral resources potential in the context of rational subsoil use, especially in terms of information on the subsoil use of common minerals. The authors consider an approach to develop appropriate tools in the form of an information system of geological and economic monitoring in order to improve the socio-economic efficiency of the subsoil management, including common minerals.
Development Methodology of Light Commercial Vehicles Designing with Considering End-of-Life Vehicles Recycling Requirements
Authors: Gagunov S A , Groshev A M , Belyakov V V , Porubov D M , Beresnev P O
Published: June 2019

The experience of European recycling industry shows that modern recovery technologies provide economically effective recycling process of vehicles. However, automotive recycling is still not a financially independent industry. To obtain high level of efficiency requirements for recycling must be taken into account on earlier stages of vehicle design. This paper is dedicated to light commercial vehicles (LCV) design process with taking into account requirements for recycling, recovery and reuse. An analysis of Russian and foreign legislation in the field of automotive recycling is presented. As one of the most important result of the work a methodology of LCV design with taking into account requirements for recycling was created. The methodology includes engineering and economical analysis that provides possibility to achieve the highest results for each specific new type of vehicle as well as to justify the use of non-metallic components. A calculation of recycling rates is presented as an example. In order to reduce labor intensity and speed up the dismantling process a simulation of dismantling was performed with an analysis of trajectories and spent time for each component considered for dismantling.
Accidents and Injury Rates Reduction in Petroleum Industry based on the Development and Implementation of the Automated Complex for the Employees’ Professional Competences Assessment
Authors: Glebova E V , Volokhina A T , Vikhrov A E
Published: June 2019

One of the major factors making a negative impact on the conditions of industrial safety in the Russian Federation is the insufficient skill and personnel training level. In this research we have implemented an integrated approach to the assessment of the professional competencies of employees, which is providing a traditional assessment of professional knowledge and skills, as well as the identification of the professionally important qualities (attention, memory, a tendency to risk, etc.) and its level of development. For this purpose, we have for the first time developed the automated complex of assessment and improvement of employees’ professionally important qualities (PIQ). On the one hand, the application of this complex decreases a probability of accidents’ emergence, due to the increase of efficiency in the procedure of compulsory education and examination of industrial safety requirements of employees, and on the other hand, it reduces the extent of damage in the accidents by increasing the personnel readiness for localization actions. The main advantages of the developed automated complex are its systematic character both at the level of the software product and at the substantial level. An author’s algorithm is used to calculate the integrated assessment of readiness for work in maintenance and repair of hazardous production facilities; it is based on the analysis of diagnostic information.
New Results of the Method of Medium-Term Seismic Forecasting LURR (on the Example of New Zealand)
Authors: Zakupin A S , Kamenev P A
Published: June 2019

This paper is devoted to the method of strong earthquakes prediction based on the analysis of seismic catalogues with involvement of the Coulomb-Mohr’s criteria and basic laws of linear theory of elasticity. This method is well-known as LURR (load-unload response ratio). Inherently, it allows to identify attainment of the deformation process of the phase when medium response to loading can be no longer linear (predestruction). The technique has been successfully applied in Sakhalin and in the present work its capabilities were tested in the new conditions. The research is based on New Zealand seismic catalog with (Mw > 3). We have considered retrospective seismic events related to time and space distribution.
Plastics Biodestruction under the Impact of Caves Micromycetes
Authors: Mazina S E , Egorov M I , Harlamova M D
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of the plastics biodegradation rate under the impact of micromycetes. Three types of widespread soil micromycetes were selected for the experiments. The strains of thermotolerant micromycetes (optimum growth at a temperature of 12-25°C) isolated from karst caves were used. Penicillium chrysogenum, was highlighted with gypsum sinter deposits of the Novoafonskaya cave named after G. Sh. Smyr (Abkhazia). P. nigrum, was isolated from clay deposits of Divya cave (Russia, Perm region). Sporotrichum sp. was allocated from the clay deposits of the cave Mchishta-Akshasha (Abkhazia). Four types of plastics were biodegraded: high-pressure polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, low-pressure polyethylene. The experiments were carried out in the Chapek-Dox nutrient medium in liquid and agar medium. Evaluation of the biodegradation rate was carried out by calculating the mass loss of samples. Qualitative changes in the surface were studied by using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that P. chrysogenum had the highest rate of biodegradation and P. nigrum had the lowest rate. The weight loss was the reatest in polyethylene terephthalate, lower - in polypropylene, and the lowest one – in the low-pressure polyethylene.
Strength and Fracture Toughness of Heat-Resistant Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Perfilov V A , Tomareva I A
Published: June 2019

A technique is proposed for determining the critical length of a main crack in concretes at different loading rates. A composition of light, heat-resistant fiber-reinforced concrete of increased strength and crack resistance, which does not require heat treatment, has been developed. The effect of high temperatures on the change in the strength and fracture resistance of heat-resistant heavy and light concretes was studied.
Method of Determining the Sizes of Corrosion Defects of Elements of Marine Oil and Gas Industrial Constructions on the Basis of Data on Temperature Contrasts
Authors: Starokon I V , Golovachev A O
Published: June 2019

Offshore oil and gas platforms located on offshore fields are exposed to various stresses, the most intense of which is corrosive. Corrosion caverns arising in different areas of offshore oil and gas structures cause local stress concentration, and can cause overstresses of structural elements with its subsequent destruction. The most dangerous are corrosion defects “V”-shaped, capable of increasing the value of operating stresses more than 2 times. The article presents the results of experiments and a method of estimating the size of corrosion defects on the basis of data on the difference between defect-free and corrosion-affected areas. The use of this technique will allow to determine the sizes of corrosion damages with high efficiency and to estimate their influence on the safety of operation of offshore oil and gas platforms.
Assessment of Technological Efficiency of Application of Products of the Membrane-Less Treatment of Mineralized Waters in a Cycle of Froth Separation of Kimberlite Ores
Authors: Dvoichenkova G P , Timofeev A S , Vinokurova I Zh
Published: June 2019

Using the methods of electron microscopy and IR spectroscopy on the surface of diamonds from the tailings of froth separation, hydrophilic mineral formations have been diagnosed and the efficiency of electrochemical effects has been identified for their removal during processes beneficiation of refractory kimberlites.

It is shown that the application of the method of electrochemical conditioning of recycling water in the scheme of flotation of diamond-containing refractory ores makes it possible to clean the surface of diamonds from hydrophilic mineral formations and, accordingly, to increase their recovery into a froth separation concentrate by 5.2% for slightly changed kimberlites and by 23.5% for intensely altered kimberlites.
Dynamics of Light-Gray Forest Soils Agrochemical Properties in the Conditions of Agrogenesis
Authors: Davlyatshin I D , Gaffarova L G
Published: June 2019

The paper presents a regional statistical characteristic of the analytical and morphometric properties of the prevailing light gray forest agrogenic soils and the dynamics of the yield of winter rye. It has been established that the balance is generally positive, with a phosphorus content of plus 15.4 kg, nitrogen - plus 4.7 kg, negative potassium - minus 16.5 kg. The example of background zonal light gray forest soils shows changes in the agrochemical state due to economic activity. The noted regularity affects the dynamics of the yield of the winter rye of the region. The actual yield of winter rye rises from the beginning of observation to the last years, with a maximum of 31.9 c / ha. At the same time, in recent years there has been a tendency to reduce the yield of all crops, including winter rye. The noted decrease in the yield of winter rye in the region is recorded by its moving averages over 11 and 22 years, which is due to the negative balance of macroelements in agriculture during this period.
Geochemical Aureoles of Ore-Bearing Areas of Nizhne-Taezhnyi Ore Node (East Sikhote-Alin)
Authors: Ivin V V , Medvedev E I
Published: June 2019

Nizhne-Taezhnyi ore node of Northern Primorye is a complex object containing tin-polymetal-silver, polymetal-silver, and proper silver mineralization silver-porphyry mineralization is possible to be found also. Analysis geogimicl element distribution showed that Ag and Sb with good correlation between each other manifested a weak tendency to decrease with depth. The highest concentrations of Sn, Pb, and Zn are fixed at a depth of about 250 m and decrease upwards and downwards from this level, but Mo and Cu contents essentially increase at low levels (Fig. The revealed tendencies of variability of the chalcophile element concentration both laterally and vertically can be explained by the availability of a vertical mineralogical-geochemical zonality of the mineralization.
Determination of Numerical Indices of Lung Volume in Different Respiratory Phases
Authors: Bezrukov N S , Kolosov V P , Il’in A V , Perelman J M
Published: June 2019

The algorithm of lungs search on the computer-tomography slices is proposed. The example of calculating the numerical indices of the lung volume in the inspiratory and expiratory phases is given. The automated calculation of air trapping is used.
National Competitiveness: Alternative Methodologies of Evaluation and Contemporary Conditions for Growth (Russian Federation Case Study)
Authors: Rungsrisawat S
Published: June 2019

Growth of national competitiveness belongs to the key priorities in economic strategies of the contemporary states. This article offers an author’s methodology of determining the synthetic indicator of national competitiveness which takes into account not only internal factors of national efficiency, but also country’s external economic positioning within the structure of world economic relations and international labor distribution. On the basis of the obtained here results the authors present their own recommendations on how to boost the growth of national competitiveness in the case of Russian Federation.
The Main Principles of Objective Evaluation of Cost-Efficiency of Investments into Alternative Energy Sources for Buildings Energy Supply
Authors: Kobzar A V , Zhurmilova I A , Turchanovich N N
Published: June 2019

Energy-saving has become a part of the governmental policy in Russian Federation in recent years. Alternative energy sources usage, e.g. solar radiation usage, are considered to be one of the most urgent trends of power consumption reduction in housing and communal sector. The absence of sufficient and objective information about alternative energy source is a real usage in the process of heat energy providing to the particular consumer, usually, leads to technically and economically unpractical decisions. This paper presents calculation algorithm and modern methods of evaluation of investments profitability into alternative energy sources, which reflect the structure of determining factors interaction and the sequence of main calculations of technical and economic indicators, needed for the reasoned decision about feasibility of exact energy-saving measures implementation.
Customs Tools to Ensure Food Security in Russia
Authors: Boldyreva I A , Rudash J V
Published: June 2019

Ensuring food security as an integral part of the economic security of the state is one of the Central problems of the state economic policy of most post-Soviet countries. In recent decades, the vector of implementing food security policy has changed. If at the beginning of market reforms the key task of the national governments of the former Soviet Union was to fill the market of food products regardless of the import component, it is now important to ensure food independence, provided the availability and quality of food. Russia, which has significant potential in the agricultural and food industries, by the beginning of the 21st century has become an import-dependent country by major groups of food. The article systematizes the peculiarities and contradictions of the application of the customs tariff regulation instruments in the food sphere of Russia, analyzes the impact of the customs policy on the food security of the country. The scientific significance of the work is determined by a complex system approach to the factor analysis of food security from the perspective of Russia’s membership in the world trade organization and the consequences of bilateral economic sanctions in relations between Russia and Western countries.
Humanitarian Education as a Resource for Sustainable Development
Authors: Kuznetsov I
Published: June 2019

This article studies the role of humanitarian education in providing conditions for sustained economic growth. The study is based on the analysis of contemporary tendencies of economical, social and ecological development. Sustainable development in the current context creates a need for the new type of engineers and workers with such qualities as responsibility, creativity, openness to innovations. The author maid the conclusion that it’s impossible to achieve new employee’s qualities, demanded by modern economic growth, only by means of professional education because they depend of human development which is a product of humanitarian education. Thus the study of philosophy and other humanitarian disciplines should be an important part of specialist’s education in modern world.
The Krasnodar Region’s Division into Cognitive Tourist Areas
Authors: Kazachinsky V P , Khasheva Z M
Published: June 2019

The article describes the division of The Krasnodar Region into cognitive tourism areas according to their main functions that reflect attractiveness, distribution and placement of historical cultural and natural objects. The division will allow targeting the Region’s cognitive tourism facilitation.

It indicates the meaning of the cognitive tourism area as a recreational tourism territory, including historic cultural and natural objects. It gives the grouping of the cognitive tourism areas: Gelendzhik area, Mostokaya area, Primorsko-Akhtarsk area. The paper draws a summarizing division scheme and the diagrams of distribution of historical cultural and natural objects across the recreational tourism areas and zones. It suggests four characteristic groups of the cognitive tourism objects in the areas. The first group comprises the recreational tourism area zones with more than 20 historical cultural and natural objects; the second group – from 10 to 15; and the third group – less than 10 objects of cognitive tourism.

The description of the Krasnodar Region’s cognitive tourism areas provides a basis needed to understand the development processes in the cognitive tourism of the Region, the regional areas, recreational tourism zones and centers.

The present research lays the foundation for the systematic study of the cognitive tourism areas and unique characteristics of distribution and placement of the objects. Taking into account these characteristics will ensure the target solution of the scientific issues, such as defining the development perspectives of infrastructural objects, their types and volume in the cognitive tourism areas.
Developing System of Concepts in Polytechnic Education in Modern Conditions
Authors: Korneenko T N , Kravchenko O V , Deinekina N A
Published: June 2019

The current world situation connecting with intensive development of mobile technologies actualizes the problem of training of engineering staff. The engineer of the future should not only to know the experience accumulated by previous generations, but also be able to analyze, develop and apply it in new conditions. The problem raises the questions connected with development of students’ system thinking in educational activity. System thinking is the product of educational activity, namely, the activity by consciousness and comprehension of learning concepts in their entirety properties. The main directions of educational process for solving this problem are presented in the article. In particular, it is proposed to broaden out notion about practice-oriented education in the system of higher technical education. As a matter of fact, educational process in the current conditions should represent large-scale practice. The traditional forms of educational process such as lecture, problem solving (practice, seminar), and laboratory work change and become the basic constituents of this educational practice. The main method that allows for educational practice to take place is dialogue.