bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban energy exchanges monitoring from space
Authors: Chrysoulakis Nektarios , Grimmond Sue , Feigenwinter Christian , Lindberg Fredrik , Gastellu-Etchegorry Jean-Philippe , Marconcini Mattia , Mitraka Zina , Stagakis Stavros , Crawford Ben , Olofson Frans , Landier Lucas , Morrison William , Parlow Eberhard
Published: July 2018

One important challenge facing the urbanization and global environmental change community is to understand the relation between urban form, energy use and carbon emissions. Missing from the current literature are scientific assessments that evaluate the impacts of different urban spatial units on energy fluxes; yet, this type of analysis is needed by urban planners, who recognize that local scale zoning affects energy consumption and local climate. Satellite-based estimation of urban energy fluxes at neighbourhood scale is still a challenge. Here we show the potential of the current satellite missions to retrieve urban energy budget fluxes, supported by meteorological observations and evaluated by direct flux measurements. We found an agreement within 5% between satellite and in-situ derived net all-wave radiation; and identified that wall facet fraction and urban materials type are the most important parameters for estimating heat storage of the urban canopy. The satellite approaches were found to underestimate measured turbulent heat fluxes, with sensible heat flux being most sensitive to surface temperature variation (−64.1, +69.3 W m−2 for ±2 K perturbation).  They also underestimate anthropogenic heat fluxes. However, reasonable spatial patterns are obtained for the latter allowing hot-spots to be identified, therefore supporting both urban planning and urban climate modelling.
Linear motor driven-rotary motion of a membrane-permeabilized ghost in Mycoplasma mobile
Authors: Kinosita Yoshiaki , Miyata Makoto , Nishizaka Takayuki
Published: July 2018

Mycoplasma mobile exhibits a smooth gliding movement as does its membrane-permeabilized ghost model. Ghost experiments revealed that the energy source for M. mobile motility is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and that the gliding comprises repetitions of 70 nm steps. Here we show a new motility mode, in which the ghost model prepared with 0.013% Triton X-100 exhibits directed rotational motions with an average speed of approximately 2.1 Hz when ATP concentration is greater than 3.0 × 10−1 mM. We found that rotary ghosts treated with sialyllactose, the binding target for leg proteins, were stopped. Although the origin of the rotation has not been conclusively determined, this result suggested that biomolecules embedded on the cell membrane nonspecifically attach to the glass and work as a fluid pivot point and that the linear motion of the leg is a driving force for the rotary motion. This simple geometry exemplifies the new motility mode, by which the movement of a linear motor is efficiently converted to a constant rotation of the object on a micrometer scale.
The surge of earthquakes in Central Oklahoma has features of reservoir-induced seismicity
Authors: Johann Lisa , Shapiro Serge A. , Dinske Carsten
Published: July 2018

The recent surge of seismicity in Oklahoma and Kansas is related to fluid disposal. Evidences suggest that critical parameters are the injection volume as well as injection depth but dominant physical processes and a corresponding model to describe the physics are still not clear. We analyse the spatio-temporal distribution of induced earthquakes in the basement and find visible signatures of pore pressure diffusion and poroelastic coupling, features which strongly resemble seismicity induced by the filling of artificial lakes, so-called reservoir-induced seismicity. We developed a first-principle model of underground reservoir-induced seismicity. The physics of the model are based upon the combined mechanisms of fluid mass added to the pore-space of the injection layer and acting as a normal stress on the basement surface, pore-fluid pressure diffusion in the basement as well as poroelastic coupling contributing to the pore-fluid pressure and stress. Furthermore, we demonstrate that underground reservoir-induced seismicity occurs preferably in normal faulting and strike-slip settings, the latter being prevalent in Oklahoma. Our model explains observed injection volume and depth dependence of the seismicity and should be considered as a basis for future hazard prediction and prevention as well as for planning possible disposal sites.
Photolithographic structuring of soft, extremely foldable and autoclavable hydrophobic barriers in paper
Authors: Nargang Tobias M. , Dierkes Robert , Bruchmann Julia , Keller Nico , Sachsenheimer Kai , Lee-Thedieck Cornelia , Kotz Frederik , Helmer Dorothea , Rapp Bastian E.
Published: July 2018

Method for photolithographic structuring of foldable hydrophobic barriers in paper for the creation of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs).
Rapid extraction of trace bisphenol A in real water samples using hollow mesoporous silica surface dummy molecularly imprinted polymers
Authors: Li Leyan , Yu Kai , Tian Mengjie , Wang Yafei , Zhang Zulei , Jiang Guangyuan , Li Lei
Published: July 2018

The HM-DMIPs displayed good affinity and excellent binding selectivity to BPA.
Enhancing the stability of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals by sequential surface adsorption of S2− and metal ions
Authors: Sun Hua , Li Zhichun , Kong Long , Wang Bo , Zhang Congyang , Yuan Qingchen , Huang Shouqiang , Liu Yue , Li Liang
Published: July 2018

Enhancing the photostability of CsPbBr3 NCs through sequential surface adsorption of S2− and In3+.
Influence of nanoscale structuralisation on the catalytic performance of ZIF-8: a cautionary surface catalysis study
Authors: Linder-Patton Oliver M. , de Prinse Thomas J. , Furukawa Shuhei , Bell Stephen G. , Sumida Kenji , Doonan Christian J. , Sumby Christopher J.
Published: July 2018

Nanoscale structuralisation is demonstrated to influence the stability and catalytic properties of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8.
Quantifying structure dependent responses in Li-ion cells with excess Li spinel cathodes: matching voltage and entropy profiles through mean field models
Authors: Schlueter Steffen , Genieser Ronny , Richards Daniel , Hoster Harry E. , Mercer Michael P.
Published: July 2018

Measured and simulated voltage and entropy profiles of systematically varied spinel cathode materials reveal origins of peak amplitude changes.
A quantum-mechanical investigation of oxygen vacancies and copper doping in the orthorhombic CaSnO3perovskite
Authors: Maul Jefferson , dos Santos Iêda Maria Garcia , Sambrano Julio Ricardo , Casassa Silvia , Erba Alessandro
Published: July 2018

In this study we explore the implications of oxygen vacancy formation and of copper doping in the orthorhombic CaSnO3perovskite, by means of density functional theory, focusing on energetic and electronic properties.
Molecular dynamics studies on the structure and interactions of ionic liquids containing amino-acid anions
Authors: Ruivo Diana , Canongia Lopes José N. , Deive Francisco J. , Esperança José M. S. S. , Rebelo Luís Paulo N. , Rodriguez Ana , Shimizu Karina
Published: July 2018

Several molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed in order to obtain structural information on ionic liquids (ILs) based on amino-acid anions.
Synthesis and structural characterisation of unprecedented primary N-nitrosamines coordinated to iridium(iv)
Authors: Foi Ana , Salvo Florencia Di , Doctorovich Fabio , Huck-Iriart Cristián , Ramallo-López José Martín , Dürr Maximilian , Ivanović-Burmazović Ivana , Stirnat Kathrin , Garbe Simon , Klein Axel
Published: July 2018

The one electron oxidation of the N-nitrosamine complexes [IrIIICl5(RN(H)NO)]2– (R = benzyl or n-butyl) was studied in detail.
Measuring the competition between bimolecular charge recombination and charge transport in organic solar cells under operating conditions
Authors: Heiber Michael C. , Okubo Takashi , Ko Seo-Jin , Luginbuhl Benjamin R. , Ran Niva A. , Wang Ming , Wang Hengbin , Uddin Mohammad Afsar , Woo Han Young , Bazan Guillermo C. , Nguyen Thuc-Quyen
Published: July 2018

A new impedance-photocurrent device analysis technique is developed to elucidate the complex factors that dictate the fill factor in operating devices.
Conversion of CO2 from air into formate using amines and phosphorus-nitrogen PN3P-Ru(ii) pincer complexes
Authors: Guan Chao , Pan Yupeng , Ang Eleanor Pei Ling , Hu Jinsong , Yao Changguang , Huang Mei-Hui , Li Huaifeng , Lai Zhiping , Huang Kuo-Wei
Published: July 2018

Effective conversion of carbon dioxide from air into formate by a phosphorus-nitrogen PN3P-Ru(ii) pincer complex.
Development of an eco-friendly approach based on dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the quantitative determination of quercetin inNasturtium officinale,Apium graveolens,Spinacia oleracea,Brassica oleracea var. sabellica, and food samples
Authors: Arabi Maryam , Ostovan Abbas , Asfaram Arash , Ghaedi Mehrorang
Published: July 2018

A fast, sensitive, inexpensive and environment-friendly dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction technique was developed based on solidification of floating organic drops.
Synthesis and functionalization of ordered mesoporous carbons supported Pt nanoparticles for hydroconversion of n-heptane
Authors: Said S.
Published: July 2018

Reaction pathway of n-heptane hydroconversion.
A bimetallic nanoparticle/graphene oxide/thionine composite-modified glassy carbon electrode used as a facile ratiometric electrochemical sensor for sensitive uric acid determination
Authors: Gao Xiaohui , Gui Rijun , Xu Kendrick Qizhou , Guo Huijun , Jin Hui , Wang Zonghua
Published: July 2018

A novel and facile ratiometric electrochemical sensor was developed for sensitive determination of uric acid.
Development of a two-photon turn-on fluorescent probe for cysteine and its bio-imaging applications in living cells, tissues, and zebrafish
Authors: Gao Shiying , Tang Yonghe , Lin Weiying
Published: July 2018

A two-photon fluorescent probe Co-Cys for detecting cysteine has been designed to monitor cysteine in cells, tissues and zebrafish.
N-(Aminobutyl)-N-(ethylisoluminol)-functionalized gold nanoparticles on cobalt disulfide nanowire hybrids for the non-enzymatic chemiluminescence detection of H2O2
Authors: Zhu Qiuju , Huang Jianshe , Yan Mengxia , Ye Jing , Wang Dewen , Lu Qingqing , Yang Xiurong
Published: July 2018

Efficient chemiluminescence nanomaterials are rapidly synthesized through a microwave-assisted method to reduce HAuCl4 on CoS2 NWs with ABEI.
Plasmonic and sensing properties of vertically oriented hexagonal gold nanoplates
Authors: Yin Hang , Guo Yanzhen , Cui Ximin , Lu Wenzheng , Yang Zhi , Yang Baocheng , Wang Jianfang
Published: July 2018

Hexagonal gold nanoplates deposited vertically on substrates are found to exhibit interesting plasmonic properties and superior plasmonic sensing behaviors.
Phenolate-induced intramolecular ring-opening cyclization of N-tosylaziridines: access to functionalized benzoxacycles
Authors: Devi Runjun , Das Jonali , Sarma Bipul , Das Sajal Kumar
Published: July 2018

Phenolate-induced, diastereo- and regioselective intramolecular exo-tet ring-opening cyclization of N-tosylaziridines has been achieved for the first time.
Synthesis of 6-SF5-indazoles and an SF5-analog of gamendazole
Authors: Kanishchev Oleksandr S. , Dolbier William R.
Published: July 2018

This work describes an efficient synthetic approach for a new type of SF5-substituted heterocyclic system, namely 6-SF5-indazoles.
Regioselective addition of phosphites to acyl cyclopropanes and following rearrangements: a facile access to enol phosphates
Authors: Li Haotian , Zhu Yuequan , Lu Dengfu , Gong Yuefa
Published: July 2018

This work describes a novel method of preparing functionalized enol phosphates with acyl cyclopropanes through a regioselective cascade reaction.
Synthesis of novel 2D in-plane anisotropic covalent organic frameworks through a solvent modulated orthogonal strategy
Authors: Li Huiqing , Qi Qiao-Yan , Zhao Xin , Li Guosheng , Chen Xiong , Zhang Hui-Jun , Lin Jianbin
Published: July 2018

The first facile synthesis of a series of 2D in-plane anisotropic COFs (aniso-COFs) is reported. Distinct components and covalent bonds along two orthogonal directions make tetragonal lattices in the aniso-COFs have different and controllable width and length.
Synthesis of cassane-type diterpenes from abietane compounds: the first synthesis of taepeenin F
Authors: Gutierrez Pilar , Altarejos Joaquín , Linares-Palomino Pablo J. , Chahboun Rachid , Alvarez-Manzaneda Enrique
Published: July 2018

The first synthesis of taepeenin F from abietic acid is reported, utilizing as the key step the ipso-substitution of the isopropyl group of a dehydroabietane derivative by a formyl group, after treatment with Cl2CHOMe and AlCl3.
Relating alkaline stability to the structure of quaternary phosphonium cations
Authors: Zhang Bingzi , Long Hai , Kaspar Robert B. , Wang Junhua , Gu Shuang , Zhuang Zhongbin , Pivovar Bryan , Yan Yushan
Published: July 2018

A semi-empirical formula based on the Taft equation is established to directly estimate alkaline stability of quaternary phosphonium (QP) cations from the 31P NMR chemical shift δ and the steric substituent constant Es.
Laboratory evaluation and numerical simulation of the alkali–surfactant–polymer synergistic mechanism in chemical flooding
Authors: Chen Fuzhen , Gu Jianwei , Jiang Hanqiao , Yao Xue , Li Yuan
Published: July 2018

This paper aims to reveal alkali–surfactant–polymer synergistic mechanism and construct corresponding novel ASP flooding numerical simulation model.
Cooperative effects between π-hole triel and π-hole chalcogen bonds
Authors: Zhang Jingru , Li Wenzuo , Cheng Jianbo , Liu Zhenbo , Li Qingzhong
Published: July 2018

MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ calculations have been performed on π-hole triel- and chalcogen-bonded complexes involving a heteroaromatic compound. Both interactions exhibit cooperative/diminutive effect, depending on the role of the central heteroaromatic compound.
Constraining the conformation of peptides with Au nanorods to construct multifunctional therapeutic agents with targeting, imaging, and photothermal abilities
Authors: Xie Linlin , Zhi Xiaomin , Xiao Nao , Fang Chen-Jie , Yan Chun-Hua
Published: July 2018

We demonstrated an easy-to-use strategy to constrain the freedom of an RGD (arginine, glycine, aspartic acid) sequence with gold nanorods.
Bio-inspired antifogging PDMS coupled micro-pillared superhydrophobic arrays and SiO2 coatings
Authors: Han Zhiwu , Feng Xiaoming , Jiao Zhibin , Wang Ze , Zhang Junqiu , Zhao Jie , Niu Shichao , Ren Luquan
Published: July 2018

Inspired by nature, a bio-inspired antifogging PDMS is designed and fabricated successfully using UV lithography and a template method. It achieves an excellent superhydrophobic antifogging property, which benefits from a coupling effect.
Hyperelatosides A–E, biphenyl ether glycosides from Hypericum elatoides, with neurotrophic activity
Authors: Yan Xi-Tao , An Zhen , Tang Dan , Peng Guang-Rui , Cao Chen-Yu , Xu Yuan-Zhen , Li Chun-Huan , Liu Pei-Liang , Jiang Zai-Min , Gao Jin-Ming
Published: July 2018

Five new biphenyl ether glycosides, hyperelatosides A–E, one new benzoate glycoside, hyperelatoside F, were isolated from Hypericum elatoides. Hyperelatosides A, B, and D–F significantly enhanced NGF-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells.
Tuning the reactivity of nitriles using Cu(ii) catalysis – potentially prebiotic activation of nucleotides
Authors: Liu Ziwei , Mariani Angelica , Wu Longfei , Ritson Dougal , Folli Andrea , Murphy Damien , Sutherland John
Published: July 2018

A synergistic system was established involving activating nucleotides with nitriles using Cu(ii) and protecting RNA degradation by byproducts of alpha-aminonitriles.
Probing cytoplasmic and nuclear microRNAs in single living cells via plasmonic affinity sandwich assay
Authors: Liu Jia , Wen Yanrong , He Hui , Chen Hong-Yuan , Liu Zhen
Published: July 2018

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the expression of mRNAs in cells. The determination of subcellular miRNAs in single living cells is essential for understanding the subcellular localizations and functions of miRNAs as well as the microheterogeneity of cells.
A mild light-induced cleavage of the S–O bond of aryl sulfonate esters enables efficient sulfonylation of vinylarenes
Authors: Ratushnyy Maxim , Kamenova Monika , Gevorgyan Vladimir
Published: July 2018

A new mode of S–O bond activation has been discovered, which constitutes novel reactivity of easily available and bench-stable arylsulfonate phenol esters. This protocol enables access to putative sulfonyl radical intermediates, which enable straightforward access to valuable vinyl sulfones.
Crystallization of low molecular weight atactic polystyrene
Authors: Chai Yu , Raegen Adam N. , Zhu Shipei , Forrest James A.
Published: July 2018

We observe and characterize the crystallization of atactic polystyrenes (PS) of nearly oligomeric Mw using atomic force microscopy.
Preparation and characterisation of highly alkaline hydrogels for the re-alkalisation of carbonated cementitious materials
Authors: Jung Andre , Weichold Oliver
Published: July 2018

Highly alkaline hydrogels that allow the restoration of the alkaline buffer in cementitious materials can be obtained from diallyldimethylammonium hydroxide.
Inequivalence of fixed-force and fixed-extension statistical ensembles for a flexible polymer tethered to a planar substrate
Authors: Dutta Sandipan , Benetatos Panayotis
Published: July 2018

We theoretically analyse the ensemble inequivalence (fixed-force vs. fixed-extension) for a flexible polymer tethered to a planar substrate, which is caused by its confinement to half space.
Mechanism of cycling degradation and strategy to stabilize a nickel-rich cathode
Authors: Yang Xuerui , Chen Jiawei , Zheng Qinfeng , Tu Wenqiang , Xing Lidan , Liao Youhao , Xu Mengqing , Huang Qiming , Cao Guozhong , Li Weishan
Published: July 2018

HF-induced performance degradation and DEPP-based strategy for NCA.
Reactive laser synthesis of nitrogen-doped hybrid graphene-based electrodes for energy storage
Authors: Pérez del Pino Ángel , Martínez Villarroya Andreu , Chuquitarqui Alex , Logofatu Constantin , Tonti Dino , György Enikö
Published: July 2018

A reactive inverse matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation method was used for the fabrication of hybrid graphene-based electrodes for supercapacitors.
In situ synthesis of a highly active Na2Ti3O7 nanosheet on an activated carbon fiber as an anode for high-energy density supercapacitors
Authors: Qiu Xiaoming , Zhang Xuan , Fan Li-Zhen
Published: July 2018

A novel Na2Ti3O7/active carbon fiber (NTO/ACF) nanocomposite was designed through a one-dimensional active carbon fiber as a support for Na2Ti3O7 nanosheets, exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance with high specific capacity and superior energy density.
Large-sized graphene oxide/modified tourmaline nanoparticle aerogel with stable honeycomb-like structure for high-efficiency PM2.5 capture
Authors: Zhang Shiyu , Sun Jun , Hu Di , Xiao Chao , Zhuo Qiqi , Wang Jianjun , Qin Chuanxiang , Dai Lixing
Published: July 2018

Honeycomb-like graphene oxide aerogel for high-efficiency PM2.5 capture was developed via directional freezing with introduction of modified tourmaline nano-particles.
Phase transformation, ionic diffusion, and charge transfer mechanisms of KVOPO4 in potassium ion batteries: first-principles calculations
Authors: Lian Ruqian , Wang Dashuai , Ming Xing , Zhang Rongyu , Wei Yingjin , Feng Jianrui , Meng Xing , Chen Gang
Published: July 2018

First-principles calculations based on density functional theory were performed to investigate the electrochemical properties of K1−xVOPO4 in potassium-ion batteries (KIBs).
Recent developments in photonic, plasmonic and hybrid nanowire waveguides
Authors: Kim Sanggon , Yan Ruoxue
Published: July 2018

This review summarizes recent advances in dielectric and plasmonic nanowire waveguides and their hybridization towards better device performance.
Influence of an exciton-delocalizing ligand on the structural, electronic, and spectral features of the Cd33S33 quantum dot: insights from computational studies
Authors: Li Wei , Lu Teng-Fei , Ren Wenhui , Deng Lei , Zhang Xingming , Wang Liang , Tang Jianfeng , Kuznetsov Aleksey E.
Published: July 2018

The influence of an exciton delocalization ligand on the structural, electronic, optical, and charge transfer properties of Cd33S33 quantum dot were elucidated.
Plasma metabolic profiling analysis of Strychnos nux-vomica Linn. and Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F-induced renal toxicity using metabolomics coupled with UPLC/Q-TOF-MS
Authors: Luo Houmin , Gu Caiyun , Liu Chuanxin , Wang Yuming , Wang Hao , Li Yubo
Published: July 2018

Both Strychnos nux-vomica Linn. (SNV) and Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) have received extensive attention due to their excellent clinical efficacies.
PKA-site phosphorylation of importin13 regulates its subcellular localization and nuclear transport function
Authors: Liu Xujie , Lin Wenbo , Shi Xiuyu , Davies Rebecca G. , Wagstaff Kylie M. , Tao Tao , Jans David A.
Published: July 2018

Importin 13 (IPO13) is a key member of the importin β superfamily, which can transport cargoes both into and out of the nucleus to contribute to a variety of important cellular processes. IPO13 is known to undergo phosphorylation, but the impact of this on function has not been investigated. Here, we show for the first time that IPO13 is phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase A specifically at serine 193. Results from fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and fluorescence loss in photobleaching approaches establish that negative charge at serine 193 through phosphorylation or point mutation both reduces IPO13 nuclear import and increases its nuclear export. Importantly, phosphorylation also appears to enhance cargo interaction on the part of IPO13, with significant impact on localization, as shown for the Pax6 homeobox-containing transcription partner. This is the first report that IPO13 can be phosphorylated at Ser193 and that this modification regulates IPO13 subcellular localization and nucleocytoplasmic transport function, with important implications for IPO13's role in development and other processes.
A role for trypanosomatid aldo-keto reductases in methylglyoxal, prostaglandin and isoprostane metabolism
Authors: Roberts Adam J. , Dunne Joanne , Scullion Paul , Norval Suzanne , Fairlamb Alan H.
Published: July 2018

Trypanosomatid parasites are the infectious agents causing Chagas disease, visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis and human African trypanosomiasis. Recent work of others has implicated an aldo-keto reductase (AKR) in the susceptibility and resistance of Trypanosoma cruzi to benznidazole, a drug used to treat Chagas disease. Here, we show that TcAKR and homologues in the related parasites Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania donovani do not reductively activate monocyclic (benznidazole, nifurtimox and fexinidazole) or bicyclic nitro-drugs such as PA-824. Rather, these enzymes metabolise a variety of toxic ketoaldehydes, such as glyoxal and methylglyoxal, suggesting a role in cellular defence against chemical stress. UPLC-QToF/MS analysis of benznidazole bioactivation by T. cruzi cell lysates confirms previous reports identifying numerous drug metabolites, including a dihydro-dihydroxy intermediate that can dissociate to form N-benzyl-2-guanidinoacetamide and glyoxal, a toxic DNA-glycating and cross-linking agent. Thus, we propose that TcAKR contributes to benznidazole resistance by the removal of toxic glyoxal. In addition, three of the four enzymes studied here display activity as prostaglandin F2α synthases, despite the fact that there are no credible cyclooxygenases in these parasites to account for formation of the precursor PGH2 from arachidonic acid. Our studies suggest that arachidonic acid is first converted non-enzymatically in parasite lysates to (PGH2-like) regioisomers by free radical-mediated peroxidation and that AKRs convert these lipid peroxides into isoprostanes, including prostaglandin F2α and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α.
Structural insights into oxidation of medium-chain fatty acids and flavanone by myxobacterial cytochrome P450 CYP267B1
Authors: Jóźwik Ilona K. , Litzenburger Martin , Khatri Yogan , Schifrin Alexander , Girhard Marco , Urlacher Vlada , Thunnissen Andy-Mark W.H. , Bernhardt Rita
Published: July 2018

Oxidative biocatalytic reactions performed by cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s) are of high interest for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. CYP267B1 is a P450 enzyme from myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum So ce56 displaying a broad substrate scope. In this work, a search for new substrates was performed, combined with product characterization and a structural analysis of substrate-bound complexes using X-ray crystallography and computational docking. The results demonstrate the ability of CYP267B1 to perform in-chain hydroxylations of medium-chain saturated fatty acids (decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid and tetradecanoic acid) and a regioselective hydroxylation of flavanone. The fatty acids are mono-hydroxylated at different in-chain positions, with decanoic acid displaying the highest regioselectivity towards ω-3 hydroxylation. Flavanone is preferably oxidized to 3-hydroxyflavanone. High-resolution crystal structures of CYP267B1 revealed a very spacious active site pocket, similarly to other P450s capable of converting macrocyclic compounds. The pocket becomes more constricted near to the heme and is closed off from solvent by residues of the F and G helices and the B–C loop. The crystal structure of the tetradecanoic acid-bound complex displays the fatty acid bound near to the heme, but in a nonproductive conformation. Molecular docking allowed modeling of the productive binding modes for the four investigated fatty acids and flavanone, as well as of two substrates identified in a previous study (diclofenac and ibuprofen), explaining the observed product profiles. The obtained structures of CYP267B1 thus serve as a valuable prediction tool for substrate hydroxylations by this highly versatile enzyme and will encourage future selectivity changes by rational protein engineering.
Parents' Perception of Health-Related Quality of Life in Children With Cochlear Implants: The Impact of Language Skills and Hearing
Authors: Haukedal Christiane Lingås , von Koss Torkildsen Janne , Lyxell Björn , Wie Ona Bø
Published: July 2018

Purpose

The study compared how parents of children with cochlear implants (CIs) and parents of children with normal hearing perceive their children's health-related quality of life (HR-QOL).

Method

The sample consisted of 186 Norwegian-speaking children in the age span of 5;0–12;11 (years;months): 106 children with CIs (53% boys, 47% girls) and 80 children with normal hearing (44% boys, 56% girls). No children had known additional disabilities affecting language, cognitive development, or HR-QOL. Parents completed the generic questionnaire Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Varni, Seid, & Kurtin, 2001), whereas children completed a test battery measuring different aspects of language and hearing.

Results

Parents of children with CIs reported statistically significantly poorer HR-QOL in their children, on Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory total score and the subdomains social functioning and school functioning. Roughly 50% of parents of children with CIs reported HR-QOL levels (total score) within normal limits. No significant differences between groups emerged on the physical health and emotional functioning subscales. For the children in the group with CIs, better speech perception in everyday situations was associated with higher proxy-ratings of HR-QOL. Better spoken language skills were weakly to moderately associated with higher HR-QOL.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that the social and school situation is not yet resolved satisfactorily for children with CIs. Habilitation focusing on spoken language skills and better sound environment may improve social interactions with peers and overall school functioning.
Compact 41–93 GHz symmetric quadrature hybrid based on multi‐conductor coupled line in 65 nm CMOS process
Authors: Chen Zhe , Fan Kuikui
Published: July 2018

The development of a compact 41–93 GHz symmetric quadrature hybrid based on multi‐conductor coupled lines in standard 65 nm bulk CMOS process is presented. The equivalent two‐line model of the multi‐conductor coupled line is derived and analysed with even/odd mode theory and ABCD matrix. With the multi‐conductor coupled‐line sections, high coupling coefficient, compact size, and wideband operation can be realised; meanwhile, keeping the responses of four ports fully symmetric, which is suitable for circuit applications demanding port symmetry. Designed compact symmetric quadrature hybrid is implemented with 65 nm bulk CMOS process. Measured results show the CMOS quadrature hybrid has good phase difference within 90 ± 2.5° and amplitude balance <±0.5 dB from 41 to 93 GHz, or a 75.5% fractional bandwidth, with an extremely compact size of 93 µm × 149 µm (0.0138 mm2), or 0.051λ0 × 0.024λ0.
120 Gbit/s high‐speed WDM‐QPSK free‐space optical transmission through 1 km atmospheric channel
Authors: Feng Xianglian , Wu Zhihang , Wang Tianshu , Jiang Huilin , Su Yuwei , Jiang Hexin , Gao Shiming
Published: July 2018

The free‐space optical communication of high‐speed 120 Gbit/s wavelength‐division multiplexing (WDM) QPSK signals is demonstrated in an outdoor atmospheric channel with a distance of about 1 km. A pair of optical terminal systems with the capture and tracking functions is used to establish the atmospheric channel. The power fluctuation through the atmospheric turbulence agrees well with the exponentiated Weibull distribution. At the BER of 3.8 × 10−3, the required receiving powers for the three WDM channels are similar, which are all <−15.4 dBm.
Evolutionary sequential genetic search technique‐based cancer classification using fuzzy rough nearest neighbour classifier
Authors: Meenachi Loganathan , Ramakrishnan Srinivasan
Published: July 2018

Cancer is one of the deadly diseases of human life. The patient may likely to survive if the disease is diagnosed in its early stages. In this Letter, the authors propose a genetic search fuzzy rough (GSFR) feature selection algorithm, which is hybridised using the evolutionary sequential genetic search technique and fuzzy rough set to select features. The genetic operator's selection, crossover and mutation are applied to generate the subset of features from dataset. The generated subset is subjected to the evaluation with the modified dependency function of the fuzzy rough set using positive and boundary regions, which act as a fitness function. The generation and evaluation of the subset of features continue until the best subset is arrived at to develop the classification model. Selected features are applied to the different classifiers, from the classifiers fuzzy‐rough nearest neighbour (FRNN) classifier, which outperforms in terms of classification accuracy and computation time. Hence, the FRNN is applied for performance analysis of existing feature selection algorithms against the proposed GSFR feature selection algorithm. The result generated from the proposed GSFR feature selection algorithm proved to be precise when compared to other feature selection algorithms.
Application of functional modelling for monitoring of WTG in a cyber‐physical environment
Authors: Rasmussen Theis Bo , Yang Guangya , Nielsen Arne Hejde , Dong Zhao Yang
Published: July 2018

Decentralisation of generation and increasing utilisation of information communication systems bring challenges to present power system modelling approaches. This work applies functional modelling for monitoring and modelling of distributed energy resources, with wind turbine generator (WTG) application as a case study. First, the authors established a functional model of a generic WTG through the multilevel flow modelling approach. The model acts as basis of a state estimator (SE) for monitoring the WTG. Afterwards, the application of the SE is extended for wind power plant monitoring and control. The case study results show that the SE can efficiently limit the impact of information errors from different data integrity attacks during active power curtailment.
Structured approach to maintenance and modification of a railway traction IEC 61850 substation automation system
Authors: Hewings David , Poczapsky Andrea
Published: July 2018

Network Rail is currently electrifying one of the world's oldest main line railways, the Great Western main line between London and Cardiff. The traction system substations will incorporate full IEC 61850 functionality including the Rationalised Autotransformer Scheme: the world's first wide‐area traction protection scheme operating using GOOSE messaging. The design and construction elements of a wide‐area IEC 61850 system have been considerable. However, attention now focuses on future management of the IEC 61850 assets including the Substation Configuration Language files associated with the scheme. This study considers the IEC 61850 scheme of Network Rail from an asset owner's perspective. It sets out a structure for system modification and renewal which can be implemented by the in‐house substation maintenance organisation for a complex IEC 61850 architecture. The system modelling and configuration control systems are described, along with a detailed examination of the management processes associated with future changes to IEDs and wide‐area tripping logic.
Left and right ventricular strain in the course of acute myocarditis: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study
Authors: Luetkens Julian , Petry Pauline , Kuetting Daniel , Dabir Darius , Schmeel Frederic , Homsi Rami , Schild Hans , Thomas Daniel
Published: July 2018

Purpose To investigate the degree of impairment in left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) myocardial strain parameters over the course of acute myocarditis and to evaluate its value for the prediction of functional recovery upon follow-up.

Materials and Methods 69 patients with acute myocarditis underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging during the acute stage (baseline) and after a mean 92.5 ± 50.4 days follow-up. Standard “Lake Louise” criteria (T2 signal intensity ratio, early gadolinium enhancement ratio and late gadolinium enhancement) and feature tracking derived LV and RV strain parameters were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to find predictors of functional recovery upon follow-up.

Results All inflammatory parameters showed a considerable decrease over the course of the disease (P < 0.001 for all parameters). LV and RV function significantly improved on follow-up CMR (LV ejection fraction: 53.5 ± 12.7 % vs. 61.3 ± 9.5 %; P < 0.001, RV ejection fraction: 54.1 ± 10.0 % vs. 59.4 ± 6.3 %; P < 0.001). LV and RV myocardial strain (longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain) significantly improved from baseline to follow-up (P < 0.05 for all parameters). On multivariate analysis, LV global peak systolic longitudinal strain (OR: 0.303; P = 0.007) was the only independent predictor of functional recovery upon follow-up. 

Conclusion Alterations in LV and RV functional strain parameters occur frequently during the acute stage of myocarditis. During the course of the disease, a significant improvement in LV and RV strain parameters can be observed. It further appears that initial LV longitudinal strain may serve as a new parameter for the prediction of functional recovery upon follow-up.

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Gesundheitsatlanten in Deutschland – eine Übersicht
Authors: Augustin Jobst , Scherer Martin , Augustin Matthias , Schweikart Jürgen
Published: July 2018

Ziel der Studie Das Interesse an regionalen Gesundheitsanalysen hat in den letzten Jahren stetig zugenommen. Dies spiegelt sich national und international unter anderem in der Veröffentlichung von Gesundheitsatlanten als Mittel der Kommunikation wider. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die aktuell bestehenden Gesundheitsatlanten in Deutschland in einer vergleichenden Analyse zu untersuchen.

Methodik Mittels der Internet-Suchmaschinen Google, Unbubble und Bing wurde eine systematische Online-Recherche vorgenommen. Dabei wurden im Vorfeld der Begriff „Atlas“ definiert und Suchbegriffe (z. B. Atlas, Gesundheit) sowie Einschlusskriterien (z. B. Zeitraum, Sprache) festgelegt. Zur Kategorisierung der Treffer wurden 12 Kategorien (z. B. Datengrundlage, Themen) und 89 Variablen (z. B. Epidemiologie, Arzneimittel) gebildet, denen die gefundenen Atlanten in einer Matrix zur Auswertung zugeordnet wurden.

Ergebnisse Die Recherche hat 49 Arbeiten ergeben, die den Einschlusskriterien entsprechen. Allerdings handelt es sich dabei nur bei 16 um einen Atlas im Sinne der Definition. Die Anderen können als „Werke mit Karten“ eingestuft werden. Das Thema Epidemiologie wird in 30, Versorgungsforschung in 32 Fällen aufgegriffen. Gesundheitskosten und Prävention werden in 17 bzw. 16 Arbeiten thematisiert.

Schlussfolgerung Die Studie hat eine Vielzahl von Gesundheitsatlanten identifizieren können. Allerdings lässt sich ein Großteil der Ergebnisse eher als ein Bericht mit Karte einordnen und nicht als Atlas. Dennoch zeigt sich der praktische Nutzen solcher Werke und damit einhergehend auch das Interesse an regionsspezifischen Fragen zur Gesundheit.
Contrast Media in Time-Resolved MRA at 3T: A Systematic Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Concentration and Dose Effects on Image Parameters in Minipigs
Authors: Hadizadeh Dariusch , Keil Vera , Jost Gregor , Pietsch Hubertus , Weibrecht Martin , Marx Christian , Willinek Winfried
Published: July 2018

Purpose Quantitative and qualitative analysis of gadopentetate dimeglumine (GD) versus standard-dose (sGb) and half-dose (hGb) gadobutrol in thoracoabdominal time-resolved contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (4D-MRA) with dynamic computed tomography (dCT) as the quantitative reference in minipigs.

Materials and Methods 7 anesthetized Goettingen minipigs received thoracoabdominal dCT (0.37 s rotation time) and transverse 4D-MRA (0.3 s/dynamic frame;) using sGb and hGb. 8 other minipigs received coronal 4D-MRA (1.3 s/dynamic frame; sGb, hGb, SGD). dCT attenuation levels were converted into absolute gadolinium concentrations and compared to 4D-MRA peak signal intensities (SI). Bolus lengths were quantified by full width at half maximum (FWHM) measurements. After this comparison of dose effects on SI in transverse 4D-MRA, coronal 4D-MRAs were analyzed regarding both quantitative and qualitative parameters.

Results In dCT (transverse 4D-MRA) hGb showed 39.0 % (14.5 %) lower arterial peak gadolinium concentrations (peak SIs) and 20.6 % (33.8 %) shorter FWHM compared to sGb. The difference was due to peak plateaus or reversals in 4D-MRA in 5/7 animals. While sGb led to the highest peak SIs, image quality ratings of arteries were rated similarly high with all contrast agent protocols despite a slightly higher SI with sGb. In contrast, venous peak SIs and image quality ratings were significantly higher when using sGb.

Conclusion Peak Gd concentrations and 4D-MRA peak SIs are highest with sGB. These differences are most evident in the venous phase leading to superior image quality in multi-phase 4D-MRA.

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Pain control in chronic, refractory CRPS by continuous brachial plexus analgesia
Authors: Zyluk Andrzej , Puchalski Piotr
Published: July 2018

We report on the outcomes of treatment for severe pain associated with long-standing, refractory CRPS in 10 female patients by continuous brachial plexus
analgesia. The duration of the disease prior to treatment was 3.5 years on average, and mean baseline pain intensity was 8.3 on a numeric analogue scale (NRS).
All patients met the Budapest criteria for the diagnosis of CRPS. A spinal catheter was implanted into the brachial plexus via an open axillary approach.
Results: Each patient underwent a mean of 4.4 (range 2–8) spinal catheter implantations. A rapid and strong analgesic effect was observed immediately after the
injection of bupivacaine solution was started: Pain decreased from a mean of 8.3 to 1.6. The duration of maintaining the catheter in the brachial plexus and
achieving effective analgesia was 5.3 months (range 2–12). After the removal of the catheter, the pain returned to baseline. No patient achieved a permanent, or
at least partial, reduction of pain after completing this therapy.
Bevorzugte Therapieoptionen deutscher Handchirurgen beim M. Dupuytren
Authors: Reichert Bert , Baringer Magnus
Published: July 2018

Ziel Die vorliegende Untersuchung prüft, ob es zwischen 2015 und 2017 zu einem Wandel der von deutschen Handchirurgen zur Behandlung der Dupuytren’schen
Kontraktur bevorzugten Therapie kam, insbesondere ob ein Anstieg der Perkutanen Nadelfasziotomie zu verzeichnen ist.

Methode Jeweils 530 Mitglieder der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Handchirurgie (DGH) wurden 2015 und 2017 eingeladen an einer Online-Umfrage teilzunehmen,
bei der stadienbezogen nach der jeweils bevorzugten Therapie des M. Dupuytren und den entsprechenden Entscheidungskriterien gefragt wurde. 110 bzw. 101 Befragte
nahmen teil. Jeweils 86 gaben an, im Jahr bis 100 Patienten zu behandeln (Gruppe A), 24 bzw. 15 behandeln mehr als 100 Dupuytren-Patienten (Gruppe B).

Ergebnisse In beiden Umfragen wurde die Limitierte Fasziektomie als bevorzugte Therapie am häufigsten genannt (82,9 % und 87,7 %). Die Behandlung mit
clostridialer Kollagenase wird nur sporadisch durchgeführt (1,3 % bzw. 1,4 %). Die Perkutane Nadelfasziotomie hat nur in den Stadien I (19,1 % und 10,9 %) und
II (16,4 % und 9,9 %) eine gewisse Bedeutung und wird vor allem von Kollegen durchgeführt, die mehr als 100 Dupuytren-Patienten pro Jahr behandeln. Das
Kriterium „Bestes Ergebnis“ wurde als wichtigstes Motiv bei der Entscheidungsfindung/Indikationsstellung genannt (54,3 % und 68,6 %).

Schlussfolgerung Eine nennenswerte Verschiebung bei der Therapiewahl der Dupuytren’schen Kontraktur ist zwischen 2015 und 2017 in Deutschland nicht
erfolgt. Insbesondere ist kein Anstieg der PNF zu verzeichnen.
Von Willebrand Factor, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and C-Reactive Protein Are Markers of Thrombolytic Efficacy in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Andreotti F , Hackett D R , Haider A W , Roncaglioni M C , Davies G J , Beacham J L , Kluft C , Maseri A
Published: July 2018

Plasma von Willebrand factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor activity and C-reactive protein were assessed as markers of coronary recanalisation in 30 patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA). Blood samples were taken before t-PA (time 0), 4-hourly for 24 h and daily up to 72 h. A continuous electrocardiogram was recorded in the first 24 h. Coronary arteriography was performed 90 min and 24 h after the start of t-PA. Patients with a patent infarct artery (n = 17), compared to those with occluded artery (n = 13), showed a fall in von Willebrand factor from 0 to 24 h (p = 0.001), a greater fall in plasminogen activator inhibitor from 24 to 48 h (p = 0.04) and a fall in C-reactive protein from 48 to 72 h (p = 0.002). The accuracy of these indices compared favourably with time to peak plasma MB creatine kinase and ≥ 50% resolution of maximal ST-deviation on the electrocardiogram.

Thus, changes in plasma von Willebrand factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor and C-reactive protein during the first 3 days of myocardial infarction are indicative of thrombolytic efficacy. Their concordant behaviour may reflect a common regulatory mechanism.
Cellular Regulation of Fibrinolysis
Authors: Plow Edward F , Felez Jordi , Miles Lindsey A
Published: July 2018

By virtue of their capacity to bind plasminogen activators and plasminogen, to accelerate plasminogen activation and to protect bound plasmin from inactivation by α2 antiplasmin, cells can harness the broad proteolytic activity of plasmin to their surface. Most cells bind plasminogen with a very high capacity, a relatively low affinity (Kd~1 εM) and recognize the lysine binding sites of the molecule. Gangliosides serve as non-protein plasminogen binding sites, and a subset of membrane proteins with carboxy-terminal lysine residues also serve as receptors. The alpha isoform of enolase possesses a carboxy-terminal lysine and is a prominent plasminogen binding protein of cells. Cells of the monocytoid lineage, including peripheral blood monocytes, can markedly upregulate their expression of plasminogen receptors. The capacity to modulate expression of receptors for fibrinolytic components establishes an additional mechanism by which the cell-surface regulates the function of the plasminogen system.
Mediators of Induction of Augmented Expression of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1 in Hep G2 Cells by Platelets
Authors: Hopkins William E , Westerhausen Donald R , Fujii Satoshi , Billadello Joseph J , Sobel Burton E
Published: July 2018

Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) is a physiologic modulator of the fibrinolytic system. We have shown previously that PAI-1 biosynthesis in cultured cells depends on several factors in serum. Because platelets are richly endowed with specific growth factors and because the release reaction is an integral part of thrombosis, the present study was performed to determine whether platelets augment PAI-1 production and if so, to define mediators responsible. Hep G2 cells were used to determine whether platelet lysates increased PAI-1 synthesis in a dose and time-dependent manner. In cells labeled metabolically with 35S-methionine for 6 h, an increase in labeled PAI-1 was elicited indicative of de novo synthesis as well as increased secretion of PAI-1 mediated by platelet lysates. Steady state levels of both the 3.2 and 2.2 kb forms of PAI-1 mRNA increased after 2 h and peaked in 3-5 h in a dose-dependent fashion as well. Incubation of Hep G2 cells with collagen activated platelets resulted in a similar induction of PAI-1 mRNA. The increase in PAI-1 mRNA occurred with exposure of the cells to platelet lysates for intervals as brief as 15 min and was not inhibited by cycloheximide indicating its independence of new protein synthesis. In order to identify the factors in platelets responsible for the induction of PAI-1 synthesis in the Hep G2 cell model system, neutralizing antibodies were used to inhibit specific platelet associated growth factors. Antibodies to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and to the epidermal growth factor (EGF)/transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) receptor inhibited the platelet lysate-mediated increase in PAI-1 protein by 77%. The results indicate that physiologic concentrations of platelet derived TGF-β and EGF/TGF-α increase PAI-1 expression in Hep G2 cells and suggest that the augmentation of PAI-1 synthesis induced by platelets is mediated by specific platelet associated growth factors that may contribute to observed increases in circulating PAI-1 levels in patients with disorders manifested by thrombosis.
Platelet 5-Hydroxytryptamine Increases with Platelet Age in Dogs
Authors: Mezzano Diego , del Pino Guido E , Montesinos Marcelo , García M Eugenia , Aranda Eduardo , Foradori Arnaldo
Published: July 2018

Thrombocytopenia was induced in mongrel dogs by two mechanisms: immunologically, by intravenous injection of heterologous antiplatelet antibody, and non-immunologically, by circulating the blood through glass beads in anesthetized animals. The platelet content of 5-HT was monitored before and during the recovery of the blood platelet counts. This period is associated with the normalization of the mean platelet survival time and with a progressive increase in the mean age of the circulating platelet population. A continuous increment in platelet 5-HT closely followed the increase in platelet counts in both models of thrombocytopenia, and a strong correlation was found between the platelet age and 5-HT content. These findings support the concept that platelets accumulate 5-HT during their physiological aging process, contradicting the notion that a negative balance in 5-HT content results at the end of their physiological lifespan in circulation. These results are not in conflict with the concept that circulating platelets release and re-uptake 5-HT.