bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-hospital mortality of patients with periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Reinhard Jan , Lang Siegmund , Walter Nike , Schindler Melanie , Bärtl Susanne , Szymski Dominik , Alt Volker , Rupp Markus
Published: April 2024

Aims

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) demonstrates the most feared complication after total joint replacement (TJR). The current work analyzes the demographic, comorbidity, and complication profiles of all patients who had in-hospital treatment due to PJI. Furthermore, it aims to evaluate the in-hospital mortality of patients with PJI and analyze possible risk factors in terms of secondary diagnosis, diagnostic procedures, and complications.

Methods

In a retrospective, cross-sectional study design, we gathered all patients with PJI (International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code: T84.5) and resulting in-hospital treatment in Germany between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2022. Data were provided by the Institute for the Hospital Remuneration System in Germany. Demographic data, in-hospital deaths, need for intensive care therapy, secondary diagnosis, complications, and use of diagnostic instruments were assessed. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for in-hospital mortality were calculated.

Results

A total of 52,286 patients were included, of whom 1,804 (3.5%) died. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity, the most frequent comorbidities, were not associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Cardiac diseases as atrial fibrillation, cardiac pacemaker, or three-vessel coronary heart disease showed the highest risk for in-hospital mortality. Postoperative anaemia occurred in two-thirds of patients and showed an increased in-hospital mortality (OR 1.72; p < 0.001). Severe complications, such as organ failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), or septic shock syndrome showed by far the highest association with in-hospital mortality (OR 39.20; 95% CI 33.07 to 46.46; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

These findings highlight the menace coming from PJI. It can culminate in multi-organ failure, SIRS, or septic shock syndrome, along with very high rates of in-hospital mortality, thereby highlighting the vulnerability of these patients. Particular attention should be paid to patients with cardiac comorbidities such as atrial fibrillation or three-vessel coronary heart disease. Risk factors should be optimized preoperatively, anticoagulant therapy stopped and restarted on time, and sufficient patient blood management should be emphasized.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2024;5(4):367–373.
Africa ipsa parens : Racializing Representations of Sardinians in Cicero's Pro Scauro (54 B.C.E.)
Authors: Čulík-Baird Hannah , Hanses Mathias
Published: April 2024

summary: Following recent developments in the scholarship on premodern racial formation, the present article examines Cicero's racializing representations of Sardinian provincials in the Pro Scauro (54 b.c.e.). In this speech, Cicero defends Marcus Aemilius Scaurus, former governor of Sardinia, against charges of provincial mismanagement. In order to secure Scaurus's acquittal, Cicero portrays the Sardi as a distinct and "deficient" genus , characterized by innate and homogenous somatic, cognitive, and "genetic" qualities. At the same time, Cicero also disparages the Sardinians as a "mixture" of the Africans and the Carthaginians who occupied Sardinia prior to Roman conquest. The result is a juxtaposition between racialized Sardinians and "pure" Romans that is designed to convince the jurors to side with Scaurus, whose participation in the provincials' dehumanization, murder, and exploitation Cicero presents as morally unproblematic.
Romanità and Race in Italy (and Beyond)
Authors: Falcucci Beatrice
Published: April 2024

summary: A century ago, in Fascist Italy, archaeological evidence was used to demonstrate the racial superiority of ancient Roman civilization. This article analyzes a particular moment in the construction of the Fascist empire, namely its colonial, exploitative relationships with the ancient Roman past both in Italy and in Libya and with the people living there. The article will focus on the link between racism and Roman antiquity and how it was reinforced by disciplines such as archaeology, museology, and anthropology.
Doublespeak in Ancient Greek and Modern Ethiopian Satire
Authors: Derbew Sarah
Published: April 2024

summary: This paper explores the ways that intricate wordplay informs the satires of two writers: Hama Tuma from Ethiopia and Lucian from Syria. In Tuma's "The Case of the Traitorous Alphabet" and Lucian's Trial of the Consonants , characters enact instances of doublespeak (expressing a literal and hidden statement simultaneously) that reverberate within and outside of the satirical realm. Writ large, the horizontal reading practice in this article promotes an anti-hierarchical approach to Classics that includes African Studies.
Antiquity, Tradition, and Anti-Blackness in Hannah Arendt's Public Sphere
Authors: Fertik Harriet
Published: April 2024

summary: Scholarship on Hannah Arendt's receptions of Greco-Roman antiquity has largely neglected debates about anti-Blackness in her writing. To begin to fill this gap, this article focuses on Arendt's concept of the public ( The Human Condition ) and her condemnations of Black student movements ( On Violence ). Her account of how texts confer immortality on people in the public sphere clarifies the connections between an exclusive ideal of the public, an exclusive textual tradition, and an exclusive view of humanity. Arendt's work raises a challenge for classicists: can commitment to the immortality of a textual tradition be disentangled from anti-Blackness?
"But They Were a Race of Whites": Race and the Making of Ancient Slavery in the Anglophone World, 1785–1980
Authors: Parmenter Christopher S.
Published: April 2024

summary: Today, few ancient historians believe that Greek and Roman slavery had anything to do with race or racism. But when histories of ancient slavery were first written in the 1780s, the connection was assumed. This article explores how and why race and racism persisted in Anglophone historiography on ancient slavery into the twentieth century, only disappearing in the 1950s. I argue that it might be time to reopen the book on whether ancient slavery was a racialized institution. Adopting insights from premodern critical race studies (PCRS), I argue that the real differences between ancient and Atlantic-world slaveries should not be seen in terms of discontinuity and rupture. Rather, I see the question through what Margo Hendricks calls a "bidirectional gaze," by which social arrangements of the past few centuries might bear uncanny resemblance to institutions of the ancient past.
‘Pandora’ Draft & On Writing ‘Pandora’
Authors: Alcalde Eneida
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Author Eneida Alcade writes about the influences, struggles, process, revisions, and future of their in-progress draft, “Pandora.”
Ennodius and the Rhetoric of Roman Identity: Strategies and Traditions in Shaping Roman Identity in the Panegyric for Theoderic the Great, 506 CE
Authors: Kersten Thijs , Breij Bé
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Ennodius' panegyric for Theoderic the Great shows the employment of Roman rhetorical tradition and republican-era virtues to legitimise the new Germanic ruler of Italy. After Ennodius' general strategies to depict Theoderic as a Roman are discussed, this paper analyses two specific samples from the speech which show the use of traditional symbols, exempla , and even Ciceronian conceptions of tyranny alongside contemporary views of Romans and barbarians. These strategies were used to shape a version of Theoderic that removed the ruler from his Germanic background and reinterpreted him as a Roman ruler.
Dose-efficient automatic differentiation for ptychographic reconstruction
Authors: Wu Longlong , Yoo Shinjae , Chu Yong S. , Huang Xiaojing , Robinson Ian K.
Published: April 2024

Ptychography, as a powerful lensless imaging method, has become a popular member of the coherent diffractive imaging family over decades of development. The ability to utilize low-dose X-rays and/or fast scans offers a big advantage in a ptychographic measurement (for example, when measuring radiation-sensitive samples), but results in low-photon statistics, making the subsequent phase retrieval challenging. Here, we demonstrate a dose-efficient automatic differentiation framework for ptychographic reconstruction (DAP) at low-photon statistics and low overlap ratio. As no reciprocal space constraint is required in this DAP framework, the framework, based on various forward models, shows superior performance under these conditions. It effectively suppresses potential artifacts in the reconstructed images, especially for the inherent periodic artifact in a raster scan. We validate the effectiveness and robustness of this method using both simulated and measured datasets.
Automatic Differentiation-Assisted Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy
Authors: Wang Jun , wu yang , Chen Ni , Tan Chao
Published: April 2024

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) enables wide-field-of-view and high-resolution imaging. However, the precise offset should align LED array before recovering,otherwise it causes artifacts. To tackle it, we present a differentiable FPM technique to handle misalignments.
Does neighbourhood deprivation influence low back pain and arthritis: An empirical study using multilevel twin design
Authors: Feng Yingyu , Bowden Jocelyn L. , Hunter David J. , Ferreira Paulo , Duncan Glen E.
Published: April 2024

Objective

Neighbourhood deprivation has been found to be associated with many health conditions, but its association with low back pain (LBP) and arthritis is unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between neighbourhood deprivation with LBP and arthritis, and its potential interaction with individual socioeconomic status (SES) on these outcomes.

Methods

Monozygotic (MZ) twins from the Washington State Twin Registry were used to control for genetic and common environmental factors that could otherwise confound the purported relationship. Multilevel models were employed to examine the association between neighbourhood deprivation as well as individual-level SES with LBP/arthritis, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and residence rurality.

Results

There were 6,380 individuals in the LBP sample and 2,030 individuals in the arthritis sample. Neighbourhood deprivation was not associated with LBP (P = 0.26) or arthritis (P = 0.61), and neither was its interaction with individual-level SES. People without a bachelor’s degree were more likely to report LBP (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.26–1.65) or both LBP and arthritis (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.14–2.45) than those with a bachelor’s degree, but not for arthritis alone (P = 0.17). Household income was not significantly associated with LBP (P = 0.16) or arthritis (p = 0.23) independent of age, sex, and BMI.

Conclusion

Our study did not find significant associations between neighbourhood deprivation and the presence of LBP or arthritis. More research using multilevel modelling to investigate neighbourhood effects on LBP and arthritis is recommended.
Efficacy and safety of aripiprazole or bupropion augmentation and switching in patients with treatment-resistant depression or major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ji Mengjia , Feng Junfei , Liu Guirong
Published: April 2024

Objectives

To report the first and largest systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole or bupropion augmentation and switching in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) or major depressive disorder(MDD).

Methods

We conducted a systematic literature retrieval via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane until April 2023 for RCT, which evaluated the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole or bupropion augmentation and switching for patients with TRD or MDD. Outcomes measured were changes in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), response and remission rate, and serious adverse events.

Results

Five RCTs, including 4480 patients, were included for meta-analysis. Among them, two RCTs were rated as "high risk" in three aspects (allocation concealment, blinding of participants and personnel and blinding of outcome assessment) because of the non-blind method, and the quality evaluation of the remaining works of literature was "low risk". Augmentation treatment with Aripiprazole (A-ARI) was associated with a significant higher response rate compared with augmentation treatment with bupropion (A-BUP) (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.25; P = 0.0007; I2 = 23%). Besides, A-ARI had a significant higher remission rate compared with switching to bupropion (S-BUP) (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.49; P = 0.05; I2 = 59%) and A-BUP had a significant higher remission rate compared with S-BUP (RR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.36; P = 0.0004; I2 = 0%). In addition, there was no significant difference in remission rate(RR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.17; P = 0.42; I2 = 33%), improvement of MADRS(WMD: -2.07; 95% CI: -5.84, 1.70; P = 0.28; I2 = 70%) between A-ARI and A-BUP. No significant difference was observed in adverse events and serious adverse events among the three treatment strategies.

Conclusions

A-ARI may be a better comprehensive antidepressant treatment strategy than A-BUP or S-BUP for patients with TRD or MDD. More large-scale, multi-center, double-blind RCTs are needed to further evaluated the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole or bupropion augmentation and switching treatment strategies.
Canadian farmers’ perceptions of social sustainability in agriculture
Authors: Heise Heather , Hrvatin Felicia , Cran Abbey , Matthews June
Published: April 2024

Sustainable food production is an important part of dietetic education and training; however, the focus in the dietetic sphere is often on the environmental aspect. Understanding the multi-dimensional nature of sustainability can enhance dietetic students’ sustainability competences–such as empathy and change of perspective, systems thinking, and critical thinking and analysis–to help them in their future careers and strengthen their position in society as trusted and knowledgeable food and nutrition professionals. Enhancing public understanding of sustainable food production is imperative as populations become more urban, are less connected to agriculture, and have expectations for sustainably grown/raised food, often without knowing current food production practices or the multiple aspects of sustainability that must be in place for farmers to meet those demands. The goal of this research was to understand Canadian farmers’ perceptions of environmental, economic, and social aspects of sustainable food production. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach and constant comparative analysis, four food and nutrition researchers analyzed interviews from 52 farmers from across Canada. Participants had to be English-speaking, produce food through farming on land, and own or rent the land on which they farm. Telephone/video interviews revealed five overarching social themes: (1) the importance of community and social capital, (2) public perception and social license to operate, (3) lack of infrastructure, and (4) deep connections to personal lives. The final theme, mental health issues (5), reflected the consequences of the multiple sources of stress that can undermine the social sustainability of farmers, farm communities, and food production. These findings may help various audiences appreciate the multiple dimensions of sustainable food production; reflect on their values, perceptions, and actions with regard to agriculture; and enhance their compassion and empathy for all farmers.
Physical activity and sedentary behavior levels among individuals with mental illness: A cross-sectional study from 23 countries
Authors: Castro Monteiro Fernanda , de Oliveira Silva Felipe , Josiane Waclawovsky Aline , Ferreira José Vinícius Alves , Jesus-Moraleida Fabianna Resende de , Schuch Felipe Barreto , Ward Philip B. , Rosenbaum Simon , Morell Rachel , Carneiro Lara , Camaz Deslandes Andrea
Published: April 2024

People with mental illness tend to present low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary behavior. The study aims to compare these levels in mental illness patients, exploring the role of socioeconomic development and treatment setting. This cross-sectional study used accelerometers and the Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ) to assess physical activity and sedentary behavior in mental illness individuals living in 23 countries. Two-way ANOVAs were used to evaluate the interaction between socioeconomic development and the treatment settings on physical activity and sedentary behavior. A total of 884 (men = 55.3%) participants, mean age of 39.3 (SD = 12.8), were evaluated. A significant interaction between socioeconomic development and treatment settings was found in sedentary behavior (F = 5.525; p = 0.019; η2p = 0.009; small effect size). Main effects were observed on socioeconomic development (F = 43.004; p < 0.001; η2p = 0.066; medium effect size) and treatment setting (F = 23.001; p < 0.001; η2p = 0.036; small effect size) for sedentary behavior and physical activity: socioeconomic development (F = 20.888; p < 0.001; η2p = 0.033; small effect size) and treatment setting (F = 30.358; p < 0.001; η2p = 0.047; small effect size), showing that HIC patients were more active, while MIC patients were more sedentary. Moreover, despite of inpatients had presented higher levels of physical activity than outpatients, they also spent more time sitting. Socioeconomic development plays an important role in sedentary behavior in patients with mental disorders, warning the need to develop new strategies to reduce these levels in this population.
A multi-objective optimized OLSR routing protocol
Authors: Wei Wenhong , Wu Huijia , He Ying , Li Qingxia
Published: April 2024

The rapid development of mobile communication devices has brought challenges to wireless networks, where data packets are able to organize and maintain local area networks more freely without the constraints of wired devices. Scholars have developed diverse network protocols on how to ensure data transmission while maintaining its self-organizational nature. However, it is difficult for traditional network protocols to meet the needs of increasingly complex networks. In order to solve the problem that the better node set may not be selected when selecting the node set responsible for forwarding in the traditional OLSR protocol, a multi-objective optimized OLSR algorithm is proposed in this paper, which incorporating a new MPR mechanism and an improved NSGA-II algorithm. In the process of route discovery, the intermediate nodes responsible for forwarding packets are determined by the new MPR mechanism, and then the main parameters in the OLSR protocol are provided by the multi-objective optimization algorithm. Matlab was used to build a self-organizing network in this study. In addition, the conventional OLSR protocol, NSGA-II algorithm and multi-objective simulated annealing algorithm are selected to compare with the proposed algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce packet loss and end-to-end delay while obtaining better results in HV and Spacing, two multi-objective optimization result evaluation metrics.
The role of sociodemographic factors on the acceptability of digital mental health care: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Abouzeid Nagi , Lal Shalini
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Many individuals experiencing mental health complications face barriers when attempting to access services. To bridge this care gap, digital mental health innovations (DMHI) have proven to be valuable additions to in-person care by enhancing access to care. An important aspect to consider when evaluating the utility of DMHI is perceived acceptability. However, it is unclear whether diverse sociodemographic groups differ in their degree of perceived acceptability of DMHI.

Objective

This scoping review aims to synthesize evidence on the role of sociodemographic factors (e.g., age, gender) in the perceived acceptability of DMHI among individuals seeking mental health care.

Methods

Guided by the JBI Manual of Evidence Synthesis, chapter on Scoping Review, a search strategy developed according to the PCC framework will be implemented in MEDLINE and then adapted to four electronic databases (i.e., CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE). The study selection strategy will be piloted by two reviewers on subsets of 30 articles until agreement among reviewers reaches 90%, after which one reviewer will complete the remaining screening of titles and abstracts. The full-text screening, data extraction strategy, and charting tool will be completed by one reviewer and then validated by a second member of the team. Main findings will be presented using tables and figures.

Expected contributions

This scoping review will examine the extent to which sociodemographic factors have been considered in the digital mental health literature. Also, the proposed review may help determine whether certain populations have been associated with a lower level of acceptability within the context of digital mental health care. This investigation aims to favor equitable access to DMHI among diverse populations.
Designing process and analysis of a new SOI-MESFET structure with enhanced DC and RF characteristics for high-frequency and high-power applications
Authors: Ghiasi Ahmad , Nkenyereye Lewis , Hazzazi Fawwaz , Chaudhary Muhammad Akmal , Assaad Maher , Rezaei Abbas
Published: April 2024

This research introduces a new designing process and analysis of an innovative Silicon-on-Insulator Metal-Semiconductor Field-Effect (SOI MESFET) structure that demonstrates improved DC and RF characteristics. The design incorporates several modifications to control and reduce the electric field concentration within the channel. These modifications include relocating the transistor channel to sub-regions near the source and drain, adjusting the position of the gate electrode closer to the source, introducing an aluminum layer beneath the channel, and integrating an oxide layer adjacent to the gate. The results show that the AlOx-MESFET configuration exhibits a remarkable increase of 128% in breakdown voltage and 156% in peak power. Furthermore, due to enhanced conductivity and a significant reduction in gate-drain capacitance, there is a notable improvement of 53% in the cut-off frequency and a 28% increase in the maximum oscillation frequency. Additionally, the current gain experiences a boost of 15%. The improved breakdown voltage and peak power make it suitable for applications requiring robust performance under high voltage and power conditions. The increased maximum oscillation frequency and cut-off frequency make it ideal for high-frequency applications where fast signal processing is crucial. Moreover, the enhanced current gain ensures efficient amplification of signals. The introduced SOI MESFET structure with its modifications offers significant improvements in various performance metrics. It provides high oscillation frequency, better breakdown voltage and good cut-off frequency, and current gain compared to the traditional designs. These enhancements make it a highly desirable choice for applications that demand high-frequency and high-power capabilities.
Moment of fracture for journalism
Authors: Lugo-Ocando Jairo
Published: April 2024

In this edition we seek to advance a debate that helps us redefine journalism. Not as a new fixed concept but rather as an open-ended discussion that allows for the nuance that the fracture of a traditional way of reporting news hands to us as observers. For this journal, however, our role will not be as impassive and neutral analysists but rather as active participants fostering future discussion and debates. The combination of papers that we present in this issue is a reflection on these challenges and each one of them provides, in its own way, an engaging and provoking response. It is precisely because the authors bring about research and discussion that touch upon these issues that this edition seems so relevant for journalism today.
Noología y reología o de cómo usar el legado de Zubiri hoy
Authors: Sierra-Lechuga Carlos
Published: April 2024

Presentaré formalmente la reología como una filosofía precisa. Hoy hemos de habérnoslas con nuestras herramientas que no pueden ser, por razones que veremos, ni la epistemología ni la ontología clásicas; requerimos de «noología» y «reología», filosofías incoadas en el pensamiento de Xavier Zubiri. Teniendo a la noología por realismo de partida en el que «realidad es» modo de quedar las cosas en la aprehensión, y a la reología por realismo de llegada en el que la constitución estructural de las cosas «es realidad», la metafísica queda purgada de lastres vetustos. Todo se presenta en dos partes: I) Escasez de reólogos, expondremos qué se entiende por «noología» y por «reología». II) Realidad, expondremos el problema de los «dos» realismos («de partida» y «de llegada»), lo concretizaremos en la filosofía de Zubiri y veremos que «ambos» son más bien uno solo. Concluiremos que, si queremos tener una filosofía pertinente para el conocimiento contemporáneo del mundo sin limitarnos a un estudio escolar de un autor, hemos de hacer reología.
On deferred f-statistical convergence for double sequences
Authors: Zhu Yahui , Shen Ang , Wang Zhongzhi , Peng Weicai
Published: April 2024

In this article, we first put forward the concept of deferred f-double natural density for double sequences, where f is an unbounded modulus. Then, we combine f-density with deferred statistical convergence for double sequences and investigate deferred f-statistical convergence and strongly deferred Cesàro summability with respect to modulus f. Moreover, we extend these concepts to deferred f-statistical convergence for double sequences of random variables in the Wijsman sense and prove some inclusions. Finally, we consider the concepts of deferred f-statistical convergence of order

α

\alpha

and strongly deferred f-summability of order

α

\alpha

for double sequences and obtain some conclusions.
When Sammy Gronemann Met Nathan Alterman: The Story of Israel’s Most Successful Comedy
Authors: Laor Dan
Published: April 2024

The essay delves into the intricate German-Jewish authorship and enduring legacy of the iconic Israeli musical, “King Solomon and Shalmai the Cobbler,” which premiered in Tel Aviv in 1943. Following its success, a contentious debate arose, overshadowing Sammy Gronemann’s rightful credit as the playwright, subsequently replaced by the prominence of his Hebrew translator, Nathan Alterman. This essay meticulously examines Gronemann’s pivotal contribution, illuminating his collaborative journey with Alterman from the vibrant cabaret scene of pre-state Tel Aviv to their lasting impact on contemporary Israeli culture and theater. By dissecting their creative partnership, it becomes evident that while Gronemann’s playwright prowess shone brightly and set new standards, Alterman’s adept translation skills bolstered the play’s success, thereby etching its indelible mark in Israeli theatrical history.
Biochar-mediated removal of various pollutants from the environment
Authors: Jeyaraj Samuel Gladstone , Hemavarshini Srinivasan , Shree GG Kavitha , Aravind Jeyaseelan
Published: April 2024

The growing concern regarding various environmentally hazardous pollutants has arisen due to their potential hazards to public health. Managing ecological concerns has become a pressing global priority. The utilisation of biochar in wastewater treatment to remove various hazardous substances impeded by its limited adsorption capacity, despite its low cost and good effectiveness. To enhance the efficiency of biochar in eliminating multiple pollutants, mixed methods have been used to change biochar and give it different physical and chemical properties; this results in distinctive adsorption outcomes, behaviours, and mechanisms. This study comprehensively analyses the efficient techniques, impacts, and mechanisms of modified biochar in eliminating hazardous substances, such as emerging contaminants, in the ecosystem. Modified biochar has enhanced efficacy in removing these substances, with removal processes mainly using adsorption and catalytic degradation pathways. Future endeavours should prioritise the development of uniform assessment standards for cost, efficacy, and environmental hazards while utilising emerging technologies to expand the potential uses of modified biochar to remove emerging contaminants.
Combined Effect of Multistage Processing and Treatment Methods on the Physical, Chemical, and Microstructure Properties of Recycled Concrete Aggregates
Authors: Sai Trivedi Shiv , Dixit Karunanidhi , Das Bibhuti Bhusan , Barbhuiya Salim
Published: April 2024

This research aims to examine the effects of multistage processing on reducing the old cement fractions and enhancing the quality of concrete recycled aggregate (CRA). The investigation involves the use of demolished concrete debris and subsequent treatments in both single and multistage processes. The recycled aggregates (RAs) were obtained using a multistage jaw crushing process followed by utilizing natural aggregate, untreated RA, RA treated with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium silicate (SS) immersion (single-stage treatment), and RA treated with mechanical scrubbing and SS immersion in two separate stages (multistage treatment). The subsequent phase of the experimental inquiry involves assessing the physical attributes of both treated and untreated RA. This is followed by conducting microstructural examinations utilizing techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis. The findings indicate that employing a two-step process, involving mechanical abrasion followed by immersion in SS, yields high-quality CRA. This conclusion is reinforced by the favorable physical performance observed. The water absorption values of CRA were lowered by 78 % through single-stage treatments such as immersion in HCl. The similar treatment is found to show densest concrete with calcium/silicon ratio reduced to around 81 % to that of untreated CRA. Additionally, for single-stage treated CRA samples, microstructural study using FTIR verified the creation of additional hydration products, whereas for two-stage treated CRA specimens, thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated the formation of stable CSH. According to the findings, it is advised to use a multistage process of jaw crushing, then treating it with mechanical abrasion and SS. This has the ability to improve the physical, chemical, and microstructural properties of CRA.
Kinetics of ion exchange on inorganic sorbents
Authors: Kudryavtsev Pavel , Zilberman Michael
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the problems associated with water use have sharply escalated worldwide. One of the main methods used for these purposes is ion exchange. In turn, the most promising ion-exchange materials are inorganic ion exchangers - substances with exceptionally high selectivity concerning ions of certain elements. In connection with life, it is necessary to understand ion exchange mechanisms on inorganic ion exchangers since they have significant differences in the unit vector of classical ion exchange resins. A theoretical analysis was conducted, which made it possible to reveal some features of the sorption kinetics of inorganic ion exchange materials. It has been found that when working in the region of concave isotherms, a significant slowdown of the mass transfer process is possible even on very sorbent granulates. This effect is associated with reversing sorption processes involving highly selective sorbents. In this regard, difficulties can be encountered when using displacement desorption, which is associated with maintaining high concentrations of the displacing agent and the low rate of the ion exchange process. The rate of sorption on inorganic ion exchange materials depends in a certain way on the concentration of sorbed ions in an external solution. This dependence manifests itself even in the absence of external diffusion inhibition. In this case, the determining factor is the distribution of electrolytes between the pore space of the granule and the free volume of the solution. The rate of mass transfer processes with the participation of inorganic sorbents can be affected not only by the permeability of granulates but also by inhibition at the level of homogeneous sections of the solid phase. The simplest way to detect such deceleration is to compare the data of the kinetic experiment with the theoretical results related to the model that ignores deceleration at the level of homogeneous sections of the solid phase. In such a comparison, it is necessary to consider possible distortions due to the finite width of particle size fractions, the discrepancy between the particle shape and the calculated one, etc.
DRAMATURGY OF GENDER ROLES IN PERSONAL OUTREACH ON SOCIAL MEDIA THROUGH RELIGIOUS TEXTS
Authors: Saidah Musfiah , Maulidia Maya , Ningrum Diah Ayu Kusuma , Sahfi Rafiq Subhi
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Social media, as a platform that allows individuals to share personal stories with a wide audience, has become an important vehicle for personal stories. Religious texts, on the other hand, are often used as a tool to articulate individual feelings and experiences, as well as provide moral and spiritual guidance. This study aims to explain how gender role dramaturgy occurs in personal accounts on social media through religious texts. Is there a difference in influence between men and women in sharing Islamic words through social media and how does dramaturgy theory answer this. This research is a type of field research. Data collection was carried out by interviewing, observing, and tracing written sources such as journals and articles related to the object of research. Meanwhile, data analysis was carried out using qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of this study found several points. First, what is the theory of dramaturgy. Second, the difference between men and women. Third, social media is a medium of da'wah. This research reveals that gender dramaturgy influences the way individuals compose and present their personal stories through religious texts on social media. This underscores the importance of understanding gender roles and social norms in social media content analysis, and the implications for how we understand individual identities and experiences in today's digital context. Abstrak. Media sosial, sebagai platform yang memungkinkan individu untuk berbagi kisah pribadi dengan khalayak luas, telah menjadi kendaraan penting untuk cerita-cerita personal. Di sisi lain, teks keagamaan sering digunakan sebagai alat untuk menyatakan perasaan dan pengalaman individu, serta memberikan panduan moral dan spiritual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana dramaturgi peran gender terjadi dalam akun personal di media sosial melalui teks keagamaan. Apakah ada perbedaan pengaruh antara pria dan wanita dalam berbagi kata-kata Islami melalui media sosial, dan bagaimana teori dramaturgi menjawab hal ini. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan penelusuran sumber tertulis seperti jurnal dan artikel terkait objek penelitian. Sementara itu, analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan beberapa poin. Pertama, apa itu teori dramaturgi. Kedua, perbedaan antara pria dan wanita. Ketiga, media sosial sebagai medium dakwah. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa dramaturgi gender memengaruhi cara individu menyusun dan menyajikan cerita pribadi mereka melalui teks keagamaan di media sosial. Hal ini menegaskan pentingnya memahami peran gender dan norma-norma sosial dalam analisis konten media sosial, dan implikasinya terhadap pemahaman identitas dan pengalaman individu dalam konteks digital saat ini.
THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN GLOBAL PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS: UNSC RESOLUTION 2538
Authors: Diana Dianatul Ilmi , Ronia Pratiwi Fanisa Ira , Hidayatullah Achmad Diny
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This research aims to analyze the role of women in peacekeeping missions and the implementation of UNSC Resolution 2538. This study employs a literature review. The role of women in UN Security Council Resolution 2538 (2020) is analyzed using references from academic journals, official websites, and electronic news. The results show that women can help facilitate peace talks more effectively. Women's participation in peacekeeping missions plays an important role in creating global peace. They bring mediation skills, help achieve more durable peace agreements, and provide a sense of security for local populations. Despite challenges, support from governments, NGOs and civil society is needed to increase the role of women. UN Security Council Resolution 2538 of 2020 provides equal opportunities for men and women in peace and conflict missions. This shows that women have a significant role in maintaining global peace, and Indonesia plays an important role in elevating women in maintaining UN welfare and encouraging women's participation in UN environmental missions. The UNSC Resolution on Women in Peacekeeping is also a milestone in Indonesian diplomacy. UNSC Resolution 2538 was initiated by Indonesia and approved by 97 UN countries. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran perempuan dalam misi pemeliharaan perdamaian dan implementasi Resolusi UNSC 2538. Studi ini menggunakan tinjauan pustaka. Peran perempuan dalam Resolusi Dewan Keamanan PBB 2538 (2020) dianalisis dengan menggunakan referensi dari jurnal akademis, situs web resmi, dan berita elektronik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perempuan dapat membantu memfasilitasi pembicaraan perdamaian dengan lebih efektif. Partisipasi perempuan dalam misi pemeliharaan perdamaian memainkan peran penting dalam menciptakan perdamaian global. Mereka membawa keterampilan mediasi, membantu mencapai perjanjian perdamaian yang lebih tahan lama, dan memberikan rasa keamanan bagi penduduk setempat. Meskipun menghadapi tantangan, dukungan dari pemerintah, LSM, dan masyarakat sipil diperlukan untuk meningkatkan peran perempuan. Resolusi Dewan Keamanan PBB 2538 tahun 2020 memberikan kesempatan yang sama bagi pria dan wanita dalam misi perdamaian dan konflik. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perempuan memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam menjaga perdamaian global, dan Indonesia memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan peran perempuan dalam menjaga kesejahteraan PBB serta mendorong partisipasi perempuan dalam misi lingkungan PBB. Resolusi Dewan Keamanan PBB tentang Perempuan dalam Pemeliharaan Perdamaian juga merupakan tonggak dalam diplomasi Indonesia. Resolusi UNSC 2538 diinisiasi oleh Indonesia dan disetujui oleh 97 negara anggota PBB.
The Exotic World of Milnor's Spheres
Authors: Sampietro Julio , Segovia Carlos
Published: April 2024

In his celebrated article of 1956, John Milnor established the existence of smooth structures on the 7-dimensional sphere that differs from the usual one. These so-called "exotic" structures have been of great interest ever since. The purpose of this article is to give a clear exposition of the different tools that Milnor used in order to provide an almost self-contained construction of exotic structures on the 7-dimensional sphere and then to show that they are not diffeomorphic to the standard sphere.
Minimum depth of factorization algebra extensions
Authors: Hernández Alvarado Alberto
Published: April 2024

In this paper we study the minimum depth of a subalgebra embedded in a factorization algebra, and outline how subring depth, in this context, is related to module depth of the regular left module representation of the given subalgebra, within the appropriate module ring. As a consequence, we produce specific results for subring depth of a Hopf subalgebra in its Drinfel'd double. Moreover we study a necessary and sufficient condition for normality of a Hopf algebra within a double cross product context, which is equivalent to depth 2, as it is well known by a result of Kadison. Using the sufficient condition, we then prove some results regarding minimum depth 2 for Drinfel'd double Hopf subalgebra pairs, particularly in the case of finite group algebras. Finally, we provide formulas for the centralizer of a normal Hopf subalgebra in a double cross product scenario.
Numerical representation of topological real algebras
Authors: Bettencourt Gastáo , Mendes Sergio
Published: April 2024

We show that the isomorphism provided by the Gelfand-Mazur theorem for a commutative pre-ordered real Banach algebra A with unit defines a numerical representation which is compatible with the order structure.
Spectrally starred advertibly complete A-p-normed algebras
Authors: Ouhmidou A. , El Kinani A.
Published: April 2024

We show that an advertibly complete A-p normed algebra E is isomorphic to the complex field C, modulo its radical, in any of the following cases: 1) every element of E has a star-shaped spectrum, 2) E is involutive and every normal element of E has a star-shaped spectrum; 3) E is hermitian and every unitary element of E has a star-shaped spectrum.
On the some equations inequalities in Musielak-Orlicz spaces with measure data
Authors: Azraibi Ouidad , Bourahma Mohamed , Mekkour M. , Bouzelmate Arij , El Haji Badr
Published: April 2024

Our aim in this present work is to prove the existence of a solution for the nonlinear unilateral parabolic problems associated to the equation

∂u
- div a(x, t, u, ∇u) - div Φ(x, t, u) = μ in QT = Ω × (0, T),

∂t

where the lower order term Φ satisfies a generalized natural growth condition and the datum μ belongs to L1(Q) + E (Q).
Some inequalities of the Hermite-Hadamard type for two kinds of convex functions
Authors: Galeano Delgado Juan Gabriel , Nápoles Valdés Juan E. , Pérez Reyes Edgardo
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we obtain new inequalities of the Hermite-Hadamard type, in two different classes of convex dominated functions. Several known results from the literature are obtained as particular cases of our more general perspective.
The Plykin and Solenoid attractor are homoclinic classes
Authors: Arias Cantillo Raibel , Alvarez Bilbao Rafael
Published: April 2024

A homoclinic class is the closure of the transverse intersection points of the stable and unstable manifolds of a hyperbolic periodic orbit. In this paper, we prove, using the techniques presented in [1], that the Plykin and the Solenoid attractors are a homoclinic class.
La maternidad subrogada y el interés superior del niño: de la venta a la adopción en el ámbito europeo
Authors: Castillo-Daudí Mireya , Sánchez-Patrón José-Manuel
Published: April 2024

La presente contribución aborda el tratamiento jurídico de la gestación subrogada por la jurisprudencia internacional; especialmente la europea. Su análisis nos permite identificar una serie de principios y de derechos fundamentales a partir de los cuales puede interpretarse y aplicarse una normativa interna divergente e incompleta en la mayoría de los casos. Gracias a esos principios y derechos pueden darse respuesta jurídica a los problemas legales que plantea un fenómeno trasnacional con un importante componente ético.
La responsabilidad intergeneracional como principio de actuación para abordar la policrisis
Authors: Ochoa-Ruiz Natalia-M.
Published: April 2024

El término policrisis alude a un conjunto de problemas actuales y de riesgos futuros de carácter global, con efectos duraderos en el tiempo y que se encuentran interconectados entre sí. Para abordarlos, se requiere una estrategia preventiva a múltiples niveles. En este trabajo se exploran las posibilidades de incorporar el principio de responsabilidad intergeneracional, mencionado en numerosos instrumentos internacionales, a todos los sectores cubiertos por el Derecho Internacional, con una finalidad preventiva. Existe un debate en curso acerca de las obligaciones de los Estados con las generaciones futuras e incluso si estas tienen derechos protegidos por el Derecho Internacional, que se ha trasladado a las opiniones consultivas solicitadas recientemente a la Corte Internacional de Justicia y a la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y a ciertas demandas presentadas ante el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Del estudio de los instrumentos y la jurisprudencia internacionales se desprende que la responsabilidad intergeneracional es un principio de actuación que debe inspirar a los Estados y a las organizaciones internacionales y que es adecuado para abordar la policrisis, mitigar sus efectos y prevenir el surgimiento de otras crisis sistémicas en el futuro.
Secesión, derecho de libre determinación y referéndums en los territorios ocupados de Ucrania
Authors: Gamarra Yolanda
Published: April 2024

En la guerra de agresión de Rusia contra Ucrania está en juego no solo el control efectivo de una parte del territorio, sino también la legitimación que los ciudadanos confieren a los gobiernos en virtud de su capacidad para hacer valer la ley como garantía de paz. El gobierno ruso apoya movimientos secesionistas y promueve el ejercicio del derecho de libre determinación a través de la celebración de referéndums con el propósito de legitimar la secesión de territorios y su posterior integración a la Federación Rusa. Se trata aquí de determinar si los referéndums coordinados celebrados en las provincias ocupadas de facto de Ucrania por militares rusos suponen una modificación del contendido del derecho de libre determinación y, de ser el caso, si entrañan cambios en el estatuto jurídico de los territorios.
Díaz Galán, Elena C. La contribución de la Organización de Estado Americanos (OEA) a la seguridad hemisférica. Dykinson, Madrid, 2023, 255 pp.
Authors: López-Jacoiste-Díaz Eugenia
Published: April 2024

Book Review
Segura Serrano, Antonio. El desafío de la ciberseguridad global, análisis desde el Derecho internacional y europeo. Tirant lo Blanch, Valencia, 2023, 276 pp.
Authors: Piernas-López Juan-Jorge
Published: April 2024

Book Review
Vacas Fernández, Félix. El estatuto jurídico internacional de las víctimas de crímenes internacionales. Derechos de las víctimas, justicia de transición y Corte Penal Internacional. Tirant lo Blanch, Valencia, 2023, 283 pp.
Authors: Pérez-Macías Ignacio-Ángel
Published: April 2024

Book Review
Frequency response function of cracked Timoshenko beam measured by a distributed piezoelectric sensor
Authors: Khiem Nguyen Tien , Hai Tran Thanh , Lan Nguyen Thi , Quyet Ho Quang , Ngoc Ha Thanh , Kha Pham Van
Published: April 2024

In the present report, a novel concept of frequency response function (FRF) is introduced for piezoelectric beam. First, a model of Timoshenko beam bonded with a piezoelectric layer is established and used for deriving the conventional frequency response function acknowledged as mechanical frequency response function (MERF). Then, the output charge produced in the piezoelectric layer is calculated from the MFRF and therefore obtained frequency-dependent function is called electrical frequency response function (EFRF) for the integrated beam. This concept of FRF depends only on exciting position and can be explicitly expressed through crack parameters. So that it provides a novel instrument to modal analysis and structural health monitoring of electro-mechanical systems, especially for crack detection in beams using distributed piezoelectric sensor. The sensitivity of EFRF to crack has been examined and illustrated in numerical examples for cracked Timoshenko beam.