bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced gas-sensing performance of Au-modified ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using bamboo cellulose as a template
Authors: Li Yan , Zhao Fang-Xian , Lian Xiao-Xue
Published: December 2016

Au-modified ZnO (Au/ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using bamboo cellulose template and calcination process were characterized using X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The gas-sensing performance of Au/ZnO NPs based sensors was also examined. The results indicated that the Au/ZnO NPs exhibited enhanced gas-sensing performance compared with that of pure ZnO. The response of the Au/ZnO NPs to 100 ppm ethanol (50) at 240 °C was nearly 2.7 times higher than that to acetone (18.4) and approximately 12.5 times higher than that to benzene (4.1), carbon monoxide (1.6), hydrogen (1.6), and methane (1.8), respectively, which demonstrated their higher selectivity to ethanol versus other gases. This high response to ethanol could be attributed to the small size, Schottky barrier, and catalysis.
Photocrosslinkable polymer based on 4-(3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-enyl) phenylacrylate: synthesis, reactivity ratio, and crosslinking studies
Authors: Suresh J. , Karthik S. , Arun A.
Published: December 2016

The acrylate monomer was synthesized by two step process. 2,4-dichloro-1-ene(4-hydroxyphenyl)phenone (DHP) was synthesized using 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde and 2,4-dichloro acetophenone. 4-[3-(2,4-dichloro-phenyl)3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl]phenylacrylate (DCP) was prepared by reacting DHP with acryloyl chloride. The synthesized monomer was copolymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and styrene using solution polymerization technique. Monomer and polymers were characterized by IR, NMR and UV techniques. The average molecular weight of the polymer was around 4000 g/mol. First and second decomposition temperature of the polymers was around 320 °C and 430 °C, respectively. The reactivity ratio of the polymers was calculated by Fineman-Ross, Kelen-Tudos and extended Kelen-Tudos methods. The synthesized monomer has been less reactive than the commercial monomer. The rate of photocrosslinking increased from 39 % to 99 % due to the using of copolymerization technique.
The risk of hydrogen explosion in a submarine p.I Catalytic combustion of hydrogen
Authors: Kłos Ryszard
Published: December 2016

The series of articles discuss issues related to conducting high risk projects on the example of modernisation of hydrogen incinerators on a submarine. The article depicts a technical problem situation connected with catalytic hydrogen combustion on a submarine.
Influence of hyperbaric oxygenation and its use in urinary tract diseases
Authors: Skiba Małgorzata , Pedrycz Agnieszka
Published: December 2016

In this publication, we adduce examples of the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in urinary tract diseases. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been proved to have a positive influence on the kidneys of animals with diabetes, sepsis or undergoing chemotherapy. In the literature, we can also find many examples of the use of hyperbaric therapy with good clinical outcomes in human patients with prostatic hypertrophy, pyelonephritis, and hemorrhagic cystitis. The first trials of this kind of treatment of urinary tract diseases were started at the end of the twentieth century. In spite of the promising results, and numerous reports on the effectiveness of this non-invasive method of treatment, it is not currently used on a regular basis.

Because many factors such as time, multiple applications, the parameters used in the hyperbaric chamber as well as the medications taken by the patient affect the quality of the result, further studies are needed to make hyperbaric therapy more suitable and safer for each patient.
Electromyographic analysis of erector spinae muscle for a child with cerebral palsy
Authors: Wilczyński Jacek , Karolak Przemysław , Karolak Joanna , Wilczyński Igor , Pedrycz Agnieszka
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was the electromyographic analysis of the erector spinae muscle, using the Noraxon Tele Myo DTS equipment. It’s used to test the neuromuscular function, during physical activity. It allows for detailed localization of the pathological changes in the muscle tissue. It can be also helpful to define the functional disorders of the muscular system in children with cerebral palsy. For the purpose of the study, a six-year-old girl with this disease was examined, one of the types of EMG - surface electromyography being used. The problem which is of primary importance in children with cerebral palsy is a widely understood damage of the musculoskeletal system. The test was performed in five starting positions, with the electrodes placed on the lumbar spine. As a result of the analysis, a motor skills disorder, asymmetry of muscle tension and dystonia was diagnosed. Dystonia may be the result of other disease, characteristic to children with cerebral palsy – scoliosis.
Applications of transcranial direct current stimulation in children and pediatrics
Authors: Rivera-Urbina Guadalupe Nathzidy , Nitsche Michael A. , Vicario Carmelo M. , Molero-Chamizo Andrés
Published: December 2016

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulatory noninvasive brain stimulation tool with potential to increase or reduce regional and remote cortical excitability. Numerous studies have shown the ability of this technique to induce neuroplasticity and to modulate cognition and behavior in adults. Clinical studies have also demonstrated the ability of tDCS to induce therapeutic effects in several central nervous system disorders. However, knowledge about its ability to modulate brain functions in children or induce clinical improvements in pediatrics is limited. The objective of this review is to describe relevant data of some recent studies that may help to understand the potential of this technique in children with specific regard to effective and safe treatment of different developmental disorders in pediatrics. Overall, the results show that standard protocols of tDCS are well tolerated by children and have promising clinical effects. Nevertheless, treatment effects seem to be partially heterogeneous, and a case of a seizure in a child with previous history of infantile spasms and diagnosed epilepsy treated with tDCS for spasticity was reported. Further research is needed to determine safety criteria for tDCS use in children and to elucidate the particular neurophysiological changes induced by this neuromodulatory technique when it is applied in the developing brain.
Von der Herausgeberfiktion auf das »Schiff der Phantasie«
Authors: Bach Oliver
Published: December 2016

The article explores the truth claims of Thomas Morus’ Utopia (1516) and Johann Valentin Andreae’s Christianopolis (1619). Therefore, the question, whether these claims are historical or philosophical, shall not be answered by prescinding from the literary and fictional character of both works. In order to this interest the utopias are correlated with the upcoming efforts of both philosophy and theology of right and their grounds in a mere natural state of men.
Unvermeidliches Schicksal?
Authors: Handelman Matthew
Published: December 2016

Ludwig Büchner’s popular-scientific treatise »Die Macht der Vererbung « and Theodor Storm’s novella »Der Herr Etatsrath« serendipitously appeared in consecutive issues of Westermann’s illustrierte deutsche Monatshefte between June and August 1881. For Büchner, the numerous talents and conditions associated with heredity are determined by multicausal factors, ranging from direct inheritance to education and environment. In Storm’s novella, readers witness the downfall of the family Sternow, both despite and because of inherited mathematical talent, predisposition to alcoholism, and a neglectful familial environment. Storm’s »Herr Etatsrath« not only enacts through fiction the multicausal model of heredity proposed by Büchner’s »Die Macht der Vererbung «, but also calls into question the precise nature of inheritance and fate by juxtaposing the negative effects of heredity, such as alcoholism, with positive ones, such as special cognitive abilities.
»Ich will euch Wahrheiten in die Ohren schreien«.
Authors: Schneider Jens Ole
Published: December 2016

Around 1900 anthropological ›knowledge‹ is in high demand. In contrary to the Platonist-Christian tradition human being is no longer defined as a duality of ›mind‹ and ›body‹ but as pure biological and physical nature. At first glance Thomas Mann’s early writings seem to adapt this monist anthropological concept. His characters seem to be determined by their hereditary predispositions and seem to be part of an unavoidable process of ›degeneration‹. Within the scope of a close narratological reading this article shows, however, that the possession of anthropological knowledge is often not claimed by the narrator but by the fictive characters themselves. The analysis of the short novels Der kleine Herr Friedemann (Little Herr Friedemann) and Der Weg zum Friedhof (The Road to the Curchyard) exemplarily shows that Thomas Mann creates - already in his early works - a firmly modern way of writing that marks contemporary claims of anthropological knowledge as depending on perspective and as normative decisions with a limited validity.
»Eines Tages aber wird ein Wunder geschehen«
Authors: Berning Matthias
Published: December 2016

Alfred Döblin wrote his early story Astralia while he prepared his medical dissertation about the Korsakoff’s psychosis in Freiburg 1904. The short narrative about a small man, a private scholar, who sees himself as a visionary and medium, whereas other people regard him as an insane or drunk person, can be read as a pre-exercise of the popular novella Die Ermordung einer Butterblume. The story combines two virulent discourses of the turn of the century: then current research about the neurological and psychiatric consequences of alcohol abuse like memory loss (and the neurological as well as poetological question, how memory and creativity works) - and on the other hand the ideas and practice of occultism and spiritualism. These two concurring discourses find their synthesis in this sarcastic as well as empathic pre-expressionistic story.
History, Memory and Communication
Authors: Marino Mario
Published: December 2016

The paper reconstructs Primo Levi’s idea of poetry and the significance of poetry for his life and literary experience through a systematic analysis of Levi’s statements on poetry and poetical writing (sourced from interviews, public interventions and literary and theoretical texts such as the foreword to Ad ora incerta, Dello scrivere oscuro, La ricerca delle radici, Poesia e computer) as well as of the international (Italian, French and Anglo-American) debate on his work. Whilst developing a comparison of Levi’s idea of poetry with that of Italian neo-idealism (Croce) and pre-romantic thinkers (Herder, Hamann), the paper focuses on Levi’s assertions about the precedence of poetry over prose, the coexistence of rational and irrational, the ideas of clarity and communication, memory and history, and the relationship between poetry and crisis. Furthermore, it develops a critical approach to spiritualistic and psychoanalytical interpretations (De Marco, Tesio, and Mattioda). Levi’s definition of the moment of poetry as an »uncertain hour« (Coleridge) is finally explained as both the hour released from the predeterminations of logical thought and the hour of crisis.
Lektüren zu Wilhelm Emrichs Die Symbolik von Faust II (1940–2014)
Authors: Schönert Jörg
Published: December 2016

The article reconstructs the reception of Wilhelm Emrich’s book on Faust II, which was first published in 1943 and advanced with the second edition of 1957 to a reference text in literary studies. On this basis, the main lines of Emrich’s approach are analyzed in view of possible connections with national socialist ideology. The allegations against Emrich that were brought up in Kurt Mautz’s roman à clef Der Urfreund of 1996 and then spread to the broader public as well as the academic discourse are reconsidered.
Hiob zwischen probatio, patientia und blasphemia
Authors: Steiger Johann Anselm
Published: December 2016

This article provides an overview of the history of exegesis of the book of Job in 16th and 17th century Lutheranism. Early reformers such as Johannes Bugenhagen, Johannes Brenz, and Hieronymus Weller, a pupil of Luther, published commentaries about this philologically as well as theologically difficult narration of the Old Testament. In the 17th century, interpreters of Job made use of a variety of literary forms, including lyrical poetry (e. g. Sigmund von Birken). A highlight of the Job exegesis in baroque Lutheranism lies in the comprehensive commentary published by Sebastian Schmidt of Strasburg in 1670. The article closes by paying particular attention to the iconography of the multi-part copper engraving, created by Albert Christian Kalle for the Job exegesis by the pastor Christoph Scultetus of Stettin in 1647.
Lärmhölle und verweigertes Trauma
Authors: Daiber Jürgen
Published: December 2016

Ernst Junger has been considered as a writer who created the myth of the invulnerable and coldblooded soldier in his diaries and in its aesthetic reshaping In Stahlgewittern. In his self-description he establishes an image of an adventurous hero who seems to be touched by the terror of war only on an aesthetic level. But this heroic fashioning of the self into an armored and futuristic fighting machine becomes fragile when we consider the evidence of the sound of war, which was directly linked to death in World War I and which creates traumatic traces in his texts. Junger tries eagerly to fight a trauma by taming his threatening impressions by textualization. The refused traumatic experiences recur in his dreams and leave noticeable surreal marks in his texts. Writing becomes the personal battleground where Junger’s feelings appear and are aesthetically subdued at the same time. His obsession with reworking reveals a neurotic structure and the reprocessing of the (acoustic) shocks of the battles appear as attempts to interpret the war as a process of meaning formation.
Leserlenkung und Moral in Robert Musils
Authors: Ranke Wolfgang
Published: December 2016

Starting out from the fact that Robert Musil’s first novel unsettled its contemporary readers with the »immoral« behaviour of its young protagonist, this essay tries to find out what kind of provocation the novel actually contains. It argues that it is less the behaviour of the protagonist Törleß as depicted in the novel, but rather the narrator’s way of commenting on it that entails the actual provocation. With this provocation Musil aims at replacing the traditional interpersonal comprehension of moral standards by a new concept of the individual development of the inner self. Taking into account Musil’s later reflections on the moral theory, the essay’s final part deals with some problems that are caused by such an individualistic idea of morals.
Den Tod nicht kosten
Authors: Horstkotte Silke
Published: December 2016

In essays, interviews and at public readings, the contemporary German writer Patrick Roth presents himself as a modern prophet whose novels open up privileged access to the collective unconscious to his readers. However, through a close reading of Roth’s most recent novel
»Wer hat das gesagt?«
Authors: Eibl Karl
Published: December 2016

Previous discussions of the author have almost fully disregarded the fact that language, and, consequently, the role of »sender«, and thus also the narrator of a literary work, are anchored in the functional contexts of evolution. The sender is not only a byproduct of language, but an essential part of information. In the first part of the article, four innate tools are examined which can count as prerequisites of existing narrative works: a sender detector, which prompts us to look out for the sender of all kinds of verbal or otherwise speech-like communication; the ability to provide linguistic information with meta-level source-tag indicating scope and reliability; the capability of relating others’ action to their mental states (»theory of mind«); and the transmission of social knowledge (»gossip «). The last two paragraphs describe the role these dispositions play in the game of literature. The study is located in the overlapping area of biopoetics, pragma-linguistics, and cognitive poetics.
Die Entschärfung der Entladung
Authors: Wilke Tobias
Published: December 2016

This article investigates the way in which the psychological »turn« of late 19
Preparation, Structural, Optical, Electrical, and Magnetic Characterisation of Orthorhombic GdCr0.3Mn0.7O3 Multiferroic Nanoparticles
Authors: Singh Deepa , Bamzai K.K.
Published: December 2016

In this article, chromium-doped gadolinium manganate (GdCr0.3Mn0.7O3) nanoparticles has been prepared by wet-chemical route in order to investigate their structural, optical, electrical, and room temperature magnetic properties. Microstructural and compositional analyses have been carried out by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Synthesised material is found to be in orthorhombic crystal structure with Pbnm space group. The spherical morphology of the nanoparticles has been examined from the SEM images. Functional groups have been identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Dielectric constant, dielectric loss, AC conductivity (σ
ac), and activation energy in the range of 1 kHz–1 MHz from room temperature to high temperature (400°C) have been investigated. The frequency dependence of AC conductivity obeys the universal power law. The value of activation energy depends on increase in frequency. Room temperature magnetic behaviour suggests the material to be paramagnetic in nature.
Elastic Properties and Electronic Structure of WS2under Pressure from First-principles Calculations
Authors: Li Li , Zeng Zhao-Yi , Liang Ting , Tang Mei , Cheng Yan
Published: December 2016

The influence of pressure on the elastic and mechanical properties of the hexagonal transition-metal dichalcogenide WS2is investigated using the first-principles calculations. With the increase in pressure, the lattice parameters and the volume of WS2decrease, which is exactly in agreement with the available experimental data and other calculated results. The elastic constantsCij, bulk modulusB, shear modulusG, Young’s modulusE, and Poisson’s ratioσof WS2also increase with pressure. At last, for the first time, the band gaps of energy, the partial density of states, and the total density of states under three different pressures are obtained and analysed. It is found that the band gap of WS2decreases from 0.843 to 0 eV when the external pressure varies from 0 to 20 GPa, which implies that WS2may transform from semiconductors to semimetal phase at a pressure about 20 GPa.
Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on Skill Performance During an International Female Rugby Sevens Competition
Authors: Portillo Javier , Del Coso Juan , Abián-Vicén Javier
Published: December 2016

Portillo, J, Del Coso, J, and Abián-Vicén, J. Effects of caffeine ingestion on skill performance during an international female rugby sevens competition. J Strength Cond Res 31(12): 3351–3357, 2017—The aim of this study was to establish the effects of a caffeine-containing energy drink on skills and technical performance during a match in female elite rugby sevens players. On 2 nonconsecutive days of a friendly tournament, 16 women from the Spanish national rugby sevens team (mean age = 23 ± 2 years) ingested 3 mg of caffeine per kilogram of body mass in the form of an energy drink or the same drink without caffeine (placebo drink). After 60 minutes for caffeine absorption, participants played 3 rugby sevens matches against another national team. Body impacts during the matches were assessed by triaxial accelerometers. The matches were videotaped, and each individual technical action was notated afterward by 2 experienced observers. In comparison with the placebo drink, the ingestion of the caffeinated energy drink increased the rate of body impacts in zone 1 (16.1 ± 4.9 vs. 20.8 ± 9.9 impacts/min, p < 0.05), zone 2 (12.2 ± 10.6 vs. 16.2 ± 15.2 impacts/min, p < 0.05), zone 3 (3.8 ± 1.5 vs. 4.7 ± 2.6 impacts/min, p < 0.05), and zone 5 (0.8 ± 0.4 vs. 1.1 ± 0.6 impacts/min, p < 0.05). The pre-exercise ingestion of the caffeinated energy drink did not affect the frequency or the quality of any rugby-specific technical actions during the games. In conclusion, the ingestion of 3 mg·kg−1 of caffeine in the form of an energy drink increased the number of body impacts during a rugby sevens international competition which suggests a higher engagement of the players during the game. However, the caffeine ingestion did not influence the quality of the technical actions performed during the competition.
Selected Physiological, Perceptual, and Physical Performance Changes During Two Bouts of Prolonged High-Intensity Intermittent Running Separated by 72 Hours
Authors: Dobbin Nicholas , Lamb Kevin L. , Twist Craig
Published: December 2016

Dobbin, N, Lamb, KL, and Twist, C. Selected physiological, perceptual, and physical performance changes during two bouts of prolonged high-intensity intermittent running separated by 72 hours. J Strength Cond Res 31(12): 3474–3481, 2017—This study investigated the effects of performing a second 90-minute intermittent running protocol 72 hours after an initial trial on selected physiological, perceptual, and sprint running measures. Eight subelite soccer players provided measures of isokinetic muscle function, countermovement jump (CMJ), 10-m sprinting, and muscle soreness before, and at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after a 90-minute intermittent high-intensity running bout (IHIR-1). A second 90-minute IHIR bout (IHIR-2) was performed 72 hours after the first. Heart rates, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate concentration [Bla], and 10-m sprint times were recorded periodically during both IHIR. Analysis of effects revealed that in the 72-hour period after IHIR-1, there were most likely increases in muscle soreness and likely to very likely deteriorations in CMJ, 10-m sprint, and isokinetic muscle function. During IHIR-2, heart rates (possibly to likely) and [Bla] (possibly to very likely) were lower than IHIR-1, whereas RPE remained unchanged. Sprint times during IHIR-2 were also likely to very likely higher than in IHIR-1. It was evident that these team sport players exposed to repeat bouts of prolonged high-intensity running within 72 hours downregulated their sprint performances in the second bout despite no change in perceived effort. These findings have implications for managing training and match loads during periods of intense scheduling.
Mary Hallock-Greenewalt's Spectral Middle East
Authors: Ciecko Anne
Published: December 2016

This essay dialogically examines materials from Mary Hallock-Greenewalt's largely self-curated and reflexively annotated archive, illuminating overlooked facets of her life and work, in particular her bicultural upbringing, elements of syncretism that inform her oeuvre, and her practices of self-mythologizing. The text is divided into interconnected sections that explore the following facets of the spectral Middle East in Hallock-Greenewalt's life and work: the remembrance of the Syrian mother, the activation of pervasive Orientalist discourses, genealogical expansions through the figure of Hallock-Greenewalt as mother-inventor, and archival interventions. It argues that her autobiographical writings engage her mythologized past in service of the construction of hagiographic narratives of female agency.
Modern Women, Modern Egypt
Authors: Slifkin Meredith
Published: December 2016

This article places existing discourses on Egyptian cinema, revolution, and global feminism in conversation with theories of film melodrama. The text examines the tradition of Egyptian melodrama as a site for analogizing women's liberation with national modernization in the wake of the 1952 Revolution—an analogy facilitated by the careful manipulation of melodramatic vernaculars of emotionality, and the endurance of affective cultural memory. In this context melodrama functions as a specific critical tool for understanding how popular film culture then and now organizes people politically and affectively, on- and offscreen. The article further investigates the “method of contradictions” that seems necessary to think critically about comparative melodrama at three levels of discourse: melodrama in general; the Egyptian melodramatic tradition specifically; and within melodramatic scholarship that tends to resemble its object of study.
The Battle of Algiers at Fifty: End of Empire Cinema and the First Banlieue Film
Authors: O'Leary Alan
Published: December 2016

The fiftieth anniversary of the release of The Battle of Algiers (Gillo Pontecorvo, 1966) offers an occasion to challenge commonplaces about the film and to show that there remains much to be clarified about its character. Typically discussed in terms of its debt to Italian neorealism, The Battle of Algiers can also be related to Italian colonial cinema made during the fascist period. The film recounts the genesis of the Algerian nation, but it is at the same time a film about the end of the French empire. Meanwhile, an analysis of location in the film's little-discussed coda shows The Battle of Algiers to be the first in a long line of banlieue cinema—that is, it is a film that presciently anticipates postcolonial conditions on the territory of France itself.
The Shadow Behind the Real: Spike Lee Does Chicago
Authors: Petermon Jade D.
Published: December 2016

When he began principal shooting in Chicago in summer 2015, Spike Lee assured audiences that Chi-Raq would engage the issue of violence on Chicago's South Side with intention and purpose. Chicagoans were skeptical because of Lee's use of the portmanteau phrase, which had been the subject of much debate in the city, as the film's title. Written almost entirely in verse, Chi-Raq is an adaptation of classical Greek playwright Aristophanes's comedy Lysistrata that marks an extension of Lee's use of satire. Despite Lee's promises, he flails outside of his native Brooklyn. The film primarily adopts a didactic and reductionist view, blaming black Chicagoans for their own “self-inflicted genocide” and encouraging them to put their trust in the notoriously corrupt Chicago Police Department.
Whose Latin American Cinema?
Authors: Betancourt Manuel
Published: December 2016

What do we talk about when we talk about Latin American cinema within the borders of the United States? Discussions of cinema from the region remain limited to the means of production: which films are produced and financed; how local filmmakers secure the money and access to make the films that then get tied to any given country's national cinema; the aesthetic and cultural movements that these films engender and replicate. But what of the distribution templates that circumscribe the kind of films and filmmakers that can make it to the United States, and under which circumstances? Looking at examples of film programming and distribution that are actively circumventing the established arthouse-release model that has become the de facto way of releasing Latin American cinema in the U.S., this article points to new efforts at defining cinemas of the region outside the bounds of an increasingly obsolete system.
Non‐genetic diversity modulates population performance
Authors: Waite Adam James , Frankel Nicholas W , Dufour Yann S , Johnston Jessica F , Long Junjiajia , Emonet Thierry
Published: December 2016

Biological functions are typically performed by groups of cells that express predominantly the same genes, yet display a continuum of phenotypes. While it is known how one genotype can generate such non‐genetic diversity, it remains unclear how different phenotypes contribute to the performance of biological function at the population level. We developed a microfluidic device to simultaneously measure the phenotype and chemotactic performance of tens of thousands of individual, freely swimming Escherichia coli as they climbed a gradient of attractant. We discovered that spatial structure spontaneously emerged from initially well‐mixed wild‐type populations due to non‐genetic diversity. By manipulating the expression of key chemotaxis proteins, we established a causal relationship between protein expression, non‐genetic diversity, and performance that was theoretically predicted. This approach generated a complete phenotype‐to‐performance map, in which we found a nonlinear regime. We used this map to demonstrate how changing the shape of a phenotypic distribution can have as large of an effect on collective performance as changing the mean phenotype, suggesting that selection could act on both during the process of adaptation.
Lithuania’s Literary Periodicals
Authors: Urbanaviciute Asta
Published: December 2016

The aim of this article is to analyse the possibilities (and intentions) of Lithuania’s literary periodicals to start publishing them only in a digital version. An assumption is made that network society, affected by fast consumption trends, is more likely to choose digital magazines and newspapers, therefore literary publications are also challenged to reconsider their publishing strategies. There are several very important reasons (small circulation, possibility to survive only with the help of support funds are included) why literary periodicals should think about the possibility to abandon traditional print editions, leaving only a digital version. The attitude of editors of literary publications to possible (or necessary) typological changes could be summarized in a few sentences: the biggest problem – getting (not earning!) more money. The rest is all right. In order to find out what editors of popular periodicals think about these issues the author of this paper interviewed three editors-in-chief. Why popular publications are marched with literary ones? Because they have to survive knowing that they will not get any financial support from anywhere. There was another reason for inquiring the editor-in-chief of delfi.lt, the biggest Lithuanian news portal, about this matter: delfi.lt would like to co-operate with literary publications. Opinion of the deputy editor-in-chief of internet daily bernardinai.lt which publishes many texts on literary subjects was also sought out. What is their opinion?
EUROCENTRINĖ PASAULIO POLITIKOS KONCEPCIJA
Authors: Kumpis Arvydas
Published: December 2016

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INDIVIDUALAUS VERSLO TEISINIS REGLAMENTAVIMAS LIETUVOJE: PRAEITIS, DABARTIS, PERSPEKTYVOS
Authors: Mikelėnas Valentinas
Published: December 2016

Straipsnyje analizuojama individualaus verslo teisinio reglamentavimo Lietuvoje raida ir šio verslo reikšmė šalies ekonomikai. Daroma išvada, kad, vertinant istoriniu požiūriu, individuali įmonė yra pirmoji teisinė verslo forma. Tinkamas individualaus verslo teisinis reglamentavimas skatina visuomenės verslumą, jos konkurencingumą, visuomenės vidurinio sluoksnio susiformavimą ir stiprėjimą.
INVESTICINIŲ PAVEDIMŲ PRIĖMIMO, PERDAVIMO IR VYKDYMO CIVILINIS TEISINIS KVALIFIKAVIMAS
Authors: Didžiulis Laurynas
Published: December 2016

Šiame straipsnyje analizuojama finansų maklerių teikiamų klasikinių investicinių paslaugų – investicinių pavedimų priėmimo, perdavimo ir vykdymo civilinė teisinė prigimtis ir atliekamas jų priskyrimas tam tikriems Lietuvos privatinės teisės institutams.
ATSINAUJINANČIOS ENERGETIKOS PLĖTRĄ SKATINANČIO TEISINIO REGULIAVIMO PROBLEMATIKA
Authors: Poderis Justinas
Published: December 2016

Šiame straipsnyje nagrinėjami pagrindiniai atsinaujinančios energetikos plėtrą skatinančio teisinio reguliavimo probleminiai aspektai, atsižvelgiant į šio ūkio sektoriaus pagrindinius bruožus ir teismų praktiką, susijusią su atsinaujinančios energetikos plėtros skatinimo reglamentavimu.
LIETUVIŲ STUDENTŲ ANGLŲ KALBA: BRITŲ AR AMERIKIEČIŲ VARIANTAS?
Authors: Bikelienė Lina
Published: December 2016

Šio tyrimo tikslas – ištirti sąmoningą ir nesąmoningą lietuvių studentų pasirinkimą vartoti vieną iš dviejų pagrindinių anglų kalbos variantų: britų ir amerikiečių. Tyrimui buvo pasirinkti trys aspektai: rašyba ir leksinių vienetų bei prielinksnių vartojimas. Duomenys šių aspektų ir lietuvių studentų anglų kalbos varianto pasirinkimo tyrimui buvo gauti iš 124 studentų, studijuojančių skirtingose Vilniaus universiteto Užsienio kalbų instituto vykdomose programose, užpildytų klausimynų. Dėl vyraujančios nuomonės, kad anglų kalbos variantų skirtumus geriausiai gali atspindėti rašybos normų laikymasis, pagrindinis dėmesys buvo skirtas rašybos tyrimui. Šešios sisteminės rašybos gupės buvo išanalizuotos penkiuose lietuvių studentų anglų kalbos tekstynuose. Tris iš jų sudarė rašiniai, parašyti anglų filologijos sudentų, studijuojančių Vilniaus (AFK1 ir LICLE-VU) ir Vytauto Didžiojo (LICLE-VDU) universitetuose. Kitus du tekstynus sudarė Vilniaus universiteto Užsienio kalbų instituto lingvistinių programų studentų santraukos (CALE-SUM-LIT) ir kursiniai darbai (CALE-RPA-LIT). Klausimynu ir studentų tekstynais pagrįstas tyrimas atskleidė, kad lietuvių studentai nežymiai teikia pirmenybę britų anglų kalbos normoms, tačiau statistiškai reikšmingas skirtumas tarp požiūrio į anglų kalbos variantus nebuvo nustatytas. Išryškėjęs skirtumas tarp studentų įsivaizduojamo ir realaus anglų kalbos variantų vartojimo gali žymėti nepakankamą studentų suvokimą apie studijuo­jamos kalbos variantus. Šią prielaidą sustiprina faktas, kad nebuvo nei vieno klausimyną pildžiusio studento, kuris būtų nuosekliai laikęsis vienam kalbos variantui būdingų normų. Tirtų tekstynų duomenys išryškino galimus su mokymo institucijomis susijusius skirtumus. Bendri LICLE-VU ir LICLE-VDU rezultatai atspindi priešingas tendencijas, tačiau atskirų rašybos grupių analizė rodo nenuoseklų normų laikymąsi. Dėl tyrimui naudotos mažos tiriamųjų imties ir klausimyno apimties, rezultatai turėtų būti traktuojami kaip preliminarūs.
„GIMTOSIOS KALBOS“ SĄVOKA LIETUVOS GYVENTOJŲ PASAULĖVAIZDYJE: LIETUVOS INTERNETINIŲ SVETAINIŲ TYRIMAS
Authors: Makarova Viktorija
Published: December 2016

Lietuvių ir rusų kalbomis pirmoji – pagrindinė, dominuojanti arba tėvų – kalba yra vadinama „gimtąja kalba“ (rus. родной язык). Terminas, kuris pabrėžtų kalbos ir tautos sąsajas (pavyzdžiui, „tautos kalba“ arba „etninė kalba“), nėra būdingas nei lietuvių, nei rusų kasdienei kalbai, tačiau mokslininkams yra svarbu atskirti šiuos reiškinius. Sociolingvistai vartoja terminus, kurie tiksliau negu šnekamojoje kalboje paplitusi „gimtosios kalbos“ sąvoka nusako asmens santykį su vartojama kalba. Vladimiras Belikovas ir Leonidas Krysinas (2001) pateikia tokį žmogaus etninės, tautos kalbos ir jo pirmosios, dominuojančios kalbos nesutapimą: evenkas, kuris nuo vaikystės gyvena Jakutijoje, gimtąja kalba greičiausiai vadins jakutų kalbą, o ne evenkų. Lietuvoje gimtosios kalbos ir tautybės nesutapimas yra gana naujas reiškinys. Tik prieš kelerius metus, 2011 m., kai Lietuvoje vyko šalies gyventojų surašymas, į klausimo laukelį „gimtoji kalba“ buvo galima įrašyti ne vieną, o dvi kalbas. Surašymo duomenys atskleidė, kad Lietuvos žmonėms tautybė ir gimtoji kalba nėra viena nuo kitos priklausiančios kategorijos. Taigi akivaizdu, kad gim­tosios kalbos sąvoka Lietuvos visuomenės sąmonėje patiria tam tikrą kaitą. Straipsnyje pristatomi tyrimo, kurio tikslas buvo aprašyti „gimtosios kalbos“ sąvoką Lietuvos žmonių pasaulėvaizdyje, rezultatai. Duomenys rinkti iš Lietuvos internetinių svetainių: Apklausa. lt, Delfi.lt, Manodrabuziai.lt, Respublika.lt, Supermama.lt, Tautosjaunimas.lt, pasirinktų tekstų žanras – dažniausiai komentarai ir samprotavimai, publikavimo data: nuo 2004 m. iki 2014 m., tekstų kalba – dažniausiai lietuvių, tačiau pagal pasakymų turinį bei kitus požymius buvo aišku, kad diskurso subjektas nėra lietuviakalbis. Analizei buvo atsirinkti tik tie pasakymai, kuriuose „gimtosios kalbos“ sąvoka buvo verbalizuota, t. y. pavartotas žodžių junginys родной язык arba gimtoji kalba. Analizė atskleidė, kad pagrindinis „gimtosios kalbos“ sąvokos sandas yra: pirma, vaikystė, šeima. Tyrimas taip pat atskleidė, kad yra reikšmingi tokie žodžių junginiai: antroji gimtoji kalba, tapti antrąja gimtąją kalba, gimtosios kalbos praradimas, anglų kalbos grėsmė, raštingumas, vertybė, senamadiškas reiškinys.
DON ŽUANO GALIOS ŽINIA
Authors: Stankevičiūtė Kristina
Published: December 2016

Don Žuanas – viena populiariausių kultūrinių Vakarų civilizacijos figūrų, tačiau filosofų dėmesio sulaukė palyginti neseniai. Postmodernistai ir poststruktūralistai nagrinėja Don Žuaną kaip su­siformavusį konstruktą su nusistovėjusiomis reikšmėmis ir potekstėmis. Don Žuanas kaip figūra atskleidžia tam tikrą kultūrinį reiškinį socialinėje (ir filosofinėje) sąmonėje. Šis reiškinys veikia kaip mąstymo apie socialinę seksualumo sampratą ir konkrečius bandymus jį sistematizuoti bei valdyti įrankis. Straipsnyje Don Žuanas tyrinėjamas remiantis Michelio Foucault galios teorija, manoma, kad Don Žuano reikšmė slypi galia grįstuose jo santykiuose su aplinka. Analizuojant šiuos dominavimu pagrįstus santykius – Don Žuano dominavimas visuomenėje, santykiuose su moterimis ir jo paties diskurso atžvilgiu – siekiama ištirti reguliavimo metodus, kuriuos visuomenė taiko savo narių seksualumui ir asmens laisvės riboms apibrėžti. Straipsnyje prieinama prie išvados, kad Don Žuanas yra politinė galios figūra, nes jis veikia kaip socialinės vyrų ir moterų santykių priežiūros įrankis. Suvedžiodamas Don Žuanas paskatina įsijungti kiekvieno asmens vidinį ‚priežiūros‘ įtaisą: tiek moters aukos, tiek jos gynėjo vyro (tėvo, brolio ar kito), tiek kitų visuomenės narių, tiek vyriškos bei moteriškos lyties auditorijos, t. y. žiū­rovų arba skaitytojų. Tai, straipsnio teigimu, ir yra Don Žuano galios žinia (angl. power message), perduodama kultūrai, kurioje jis veikia.
THE RESEARCH PROCESS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
Authors: Smilgienė Silvija
Published: December 2016

THOMAS, Gary 2010. How to do Your Research Project.A Guide for Students in Education and Applied Social Sciences.London: SAGE Publications. 254 p. ISBN 978-1-84787-442-9
TRAITEMENT DE L’ADAPTATION DES EMPRUNTS DANS LE TRÉSOR DE LA LANGUE FRANÇAISE
Authors: Albert Sabine
Published: December 2016

Si l’emprunt figure parmi les multiples procédés permettant d’enrichir le fonds lexical d’une langue, son intégration totale dans un système linguistique n’intervient qu’au terme d’un long processus que peuvent retracer les dictionnaires. Nous étudierons ici comment le Trésor de la Langue Française, un dictionnaire très extensif à vocation scientifique, rend compte des évolutions formelles, graphiques, morphologiques, sémantiques susceptibles d’affecter les emprunts avant la captation lexicographique qui avalise leur présence dans la langue française. Nous nous pencherons également sur les options retenues vis-à-vis des recommandations officielles, descriptives ou normatives, par les rédacteurs du TLF
LINGVISTINIS DAUGIAPRASMIŠKUMAS IR NEKONKRETUMAS BRITIŠKOSE PATARLĖSE
Authors: Kairytė Arūnė , Bikelienė Lina
Published: December 2016

Lingvistinis daugiaprasmiškumas ir nekonkretumas – du fenomenai, susiję su keliomis galimomis ar netiksliomis išsireiškimų reikšmėmis. Nepaisant to, kad daugiaprasmiškumas ir nekonkretumas iš pirmo žvilgsio atrodo labai panašūs ar net vienodi, iš tiesų jie turi kelis esminius skirtumus, kurie yra būtini norint suprasti šių fenomenų esmę. Daugiaprasmiškumas ir nekonkretumas dominuoja daugelyje kalbos sričių ir stilių, tad patarlės – ne išimtis. Nors daugybė lingvistų, logikų ir filosofų (Tanaka 1994, Varzi 2001, Pedersen 2002, Keefe 2003, Kennedy 2011, Löbner 2013, etc.) tyrinėjo šiuos fenomenus, atsakymas į klausimą, kaip jie funkcionuoja kalboje, ypač patarlėse, dar nerastas. Šiuo tyrimu siekiama aptarti lingvistinio daugiaprasmiškumo ir nekonkretumo vartojimą britiškose patarlėse. Darbe buvo pasitelktas mišrus tyrimo metodas, apimantis tiek kiekybinį, tiek kokybinį metodą. Medžiaga tyrimui buvo surinkta iš internetinės svetainės Learn English Today, o konkretūs pavyzdžiai, siekiant išlaikyti objektyvumą, tyrimui atrinkti naudojant Random Number Generator. Pavyzdžiai buvo skaičiuojami, o patarlės, turinčios daugiau nei vieną nekonkrečią ar kelias nekonkrečias reikšmes, buvo atidžiau analizuojamos. Straipsnyje tirti ne tik skirtingi lingvistinio daugiaprasmiškumo ir nekonkretumo tipai, bet ir jų dažnis britiškose patarlėse.
EINSATZ VON GESCHLOSSENEN AUFGABEN BEIM PRÜFEN DES LESEVERSTEHENS IM FACHSPRACHENUNTERRICHT AN DER UNIVERSITÄT VILNIUS
Authors: Bukauskaitė Dalia
Published: December 2016

Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich der Thematik der geschlossenen Testaufgaben zur Überprüfung der Fertigkeit Leseverstehen sowie ihrem Einsatz im Fachsprachenunterricht. In der Fremdsprachen­didaktik wird die Typologie der Testaufgaben nach dem Grad ihrer Offenheit vorgenommen, wobei man offene, halboffene und geschlossene Aufgaben unterscheidet. Der vorliegende Beitrag hat zum Ziel geschlossene Aufgaben zu analysieren, weil sie gut für die Überprüfung des Leseverstehens ge­eignet sind. Beim Lösen der geschlossenen Aufgaben muss man unter den vorgegebenen Antworten die richtige auswählen. Dabei unterscheidet man Multiple-Choice-Aufgaben, Ja/ Nein-Aufgaben und Zuordnungsaufgaben. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden zunächst spezifische Erstellungsmerkmale der oben erwähnten Aufgaben besprochen sowie ihre Vorteile und Nachteile beim Überprüfen der Fertigkeit Lesen analysiert. Des Weiteren versucht man zu bestimmen, welcher Aufgabentyp zur welcher Leseart am besten passt. Anschließend werden die Ergebnisse einer von den Verfassern an­gefertigten Aufgabe, die speziell zum Einsatz im Fachspracheunterricht Deutsch für die Studierenden der medizinischen Fachrichtungen der Universität Vilnius entwickelt wurde, vorgestellt und disku­tiert.
LE DICTIONNAIRE QUI OFFRE LES « BRUITS DU MONDE »
Authors: Melnikienė Danguolė
Published: December 2016

ENCKELL, Pierre, RÉZEAU, Pierre, 2005. Dictionnaire des onomatopées. Deuxième édition, revue et augmentée. Paris : PUF. – 632 p. ISBN 2 13 055363XMelius tarde, quam nunquam. Ce proverbe latin, attribué à Denys d’Halicarnasse, contem­porain de Jules César et d’Auguste, explique de son mieux les raisons de ce compte rendu. Le dictionnaire que nous allons présenter ici, demeure la référence incontestable dans le domaine des onomatopées depuis une bonne dizaine d’années. Et pourtant, jusqu’à nos jours, il n’existe aucune étude, consacré à ce richissime ouvrage spécialisé, unique dans son genre. Notre but est donc de rendre hommage tardif au Dictionnaire des onomatopées de Pierre Enckell et de Pierre Rézeau qui est, sans aucun doute, le premier dictionnaire scientifique des onomatopées françaises1 et reste, jusqu’à nos jours, le plus volumineux (627 pages) et le plus exhaustif2. La quatrième de son couverture met en évidence le fait que « la richesse de cet inventaire original […] est d’être aussi un dictionnaire littéraire » et souligne cette passion et exactitude avec lesquelles « les auteurs ont relevé ces termes dans des milliers d’ouvrages anciens et modernes, pour les classer et analyser, préciser les origines, leurs emplois et leurs sens illustrés par de multiples exemples ». [...]
Assistência de enfermagem perioperatória aos pacientes com câncer de bexiga
Authors: Sonobe Helena Megumi , Ravena Rouziane Sabino , Moreno Fabio Saia , Buetto Luciana Scatralhe , Oliveira Marissa Silva
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: O planejamento daassistência de enfermagem perioperatóriapara pacientes com câncer debexiga requer conhecimento científicoe incorporação tecnológica. Esteestudo objetivou caracterizar o perfilde pacientes com câncer de bexigaem uma unidade cirúrgica de umhospital especializado em oncologiado interior paulista e analisar oscuidados de enfermagem realizadospara esta clientela.Metodologia: Estudo exploratórioretrospectivo, cujos dados foramcoletados em 80 prontuários depacientes submetidos ao tratamentocirúrgico urológico no período dejaneiro a setembro de 2008.Resultados: Houve predomíniodo sexo masculino, na faixa etária de60 a 80 anos, com formação fundamentalincompleta, de raça branca,estadiamento I e procedimentocirúrgico de Ressecção Transuretral.A assistência de enfermagemperioperatória abarca intervençõeseducativas de autocuidado, cuidadosprocedimentais como soroterapia,preparo colônico, administraçãode medicamentos, posicionamentodo paciente, monitorização de sinaisvitais, cuidados com sonda e drenos,controle hídrico, passagem de plantãoe encaminhamento de prontuárioe exames. No caso específico depacientes com urostomia, é importantea avaliação clínica e das condiçõesdo estoma; ensinar as açõesespecíficas do autocuidado; planejara alta hospitalar, fornecer equipamentose encaminhar aos recursosda comunidade.Conclusão: Para prestar assistênciaperioperatória para essaclientela é necessário um planejamentofundamentado em conhecimentoscientíficos, educaçãopermanente da equipe de enfermageme supervisão do trabalho peloenfermeiro.
Agencia de autocuidado y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes
Authors: Morales Aguilar Rosa Del Socorro , Flórez Flórez Magda Lucia
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relaciónentre la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adolescentes de una Institución de Educación Superior en el Distrito de Barranquilla, Colombia.Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio, de corte transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo, basado en la Teoría del Déficit de Autocuidado de Dorothea Orem. La muestra fue compuesta por 133 adolescentes, seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Se aplicaron la Escala Apreciación de la Agencia de Autocuidado (segunda versión en español), el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (versión corta) y la Encuesta Mundial de Tabaquismo en Jóvenes. Para el análisis de los niveles de significancia se utilizó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para muestras independientes.Resultados: La mayor parte de los participantes presentó niveles de capacidad de agencia de autocuidado media y alta respectivamente. De acuerdo con la identificación de los factores de riesgo para enfermedad cardiovascular, se evidenció que los adolescentes presentaron probabilidades de desarrollar alguna enfermedad cardiovascular hacia el futuro, dado el comportamiento de los factores de riesgo, como son la obesidad y el sedentarismo. En cuanto a la relación entre lacapacidad de agencia de autocuidado y los factores de riesgo, se encontró asociación significativa al relacionar la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado con las categorías de clasificación de la presión arterial.Conclusiones: Los resultados encontrados en el presente estudio coinciden con lo hallado por otros investigadores que afirman que el sedentarismo y la obesidad son los factores de riesgo con mayor presencia en los adolescentes. De igual manera, los hallazgos indican que los adolescentes mostraron capacidad de agencia de autocuidado de nivel medio, pero sólo se encontró asociación significativa entre la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado con las categorías de clasificación de lapresión arterial.
Evaluación de la gestión financiera usando variables latentes en modelos estocásticos de fronteras eficientes
Authors: Valencia Cárdenas Marisol , Restrepo Morales Jorge Aníbal
Published: December 2016

No es factible dimensionar la calidad del Management empresarial por medio de los indicadores tradicionales financieros, éstos, por sí solos no permiten inferir con precisión acerca de los estados empresariales, en aspectos tan importantes como la eficiencia de la gestión empresarial. El concepto de calidad del management, es muy abstracto y en su cuantificación subyacen aspectos de áreas latentes, pero no medidas, dentro de una clasificación financiera estructural. El proceso propuesto en este trabajo, permite identificar, caracterizar y determinar asociaciones entre áreas acordes con los indicadores del modelo CAMEL, (C, Capital Adequacy; A, Assets Quality; M, Management; E, Earnings; L, Liquidity), como variables latentes, estimadas a partir de una técnica del Análisis Multivariado de Datos, conocida como Análisis del Factor Confirmatorio. Con dicho resultado se realiza la estimación de un Modelo Estocástico de Fronteras Eficientes (SFA), y un modelo de Análisis de Datos Envolvente (DEA), cuya comparación, análisis y contraste permiten evaluar la calidad del Management de un sector financiero colombiano.