bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tão perto e tão longe: por um ensino de Geografia que fotografe a construção de uma Educação mais cidadã
Authors: CERDEIRA MARISTELA PETRY
Published: January 2025

A partir de um recorte de uma pesquisa maior e já finalizada, este artigo tem como objetivo geral refletir sobre a importância de uma educação cidadã na constituição dos alunos no movimento de pertencimento e, ainda, entender, por meio da fotografia, a posição desses alunos na sociedade, enquanto cidadãos em formação, materializada por eles na autoria da fotografia. Como aportes teóricos, são cotejadas contribuições que versam sobre uma educação cidadã e de direito à cidade, tais como Santos (1986; 2000; 2008), Carlos (2007; 2021), Cavalcanti (1998; 2008; 2012), Harvey (2004; 2014), Gonçalves e Rosa (2021), Orlandi (2004; 2015; 2017; 2020), Rufino (2019); e, ainda, discussões acerca da fotografia como artefato cultural, como Alves (2013) e Kossoy (1994; 2002). Como resultados e após a análise de um corpus de fotografias realizadas pelos alunos de duas escolas (uma pública e a outra privada), é possível assinalar que, além da apreensão do conhecimento e significação atribuída pelos alunos ao que foi discutido nas aulas de Geografia, as perspectivas revelaram a posição dos sujeitos na sociedade e como cada grupo social se apropria pelos espaços da cidade pelas experiências dos seus cotidianos. Os significados atribuídos pelos alunos para os conteúdos trabalhados e a sua vivência nos lugares da cidade possibilitaram observar algumas questões importantes a serem exploradas e aprofundadas no que tange dar aos alunos a possibilidade de ‘verouvirsentirpensar’ os espaços da cidade. Mais uma iniciativa, pois, de se vislumbrar a garantia de uma educação mais cidadã.
Neoliberalismo contra a Liberdade de Ensinar, Aprender e Pesquisar
Authors: Macedo Handerson Fábio Fernandes , Alvarenga Marcia
Published: January 2025

A liberdade de ensinar, aprender e pesquisar é a base de sociedades democráticas porque constitui um direito fundamental em benefício da dignidade da pessoa humana e da sociedade. A par deste princípio, o artigo argumenta que no campo educacional em específico, a relação entre liberdade de ensinar, aprender e pesquisar e os direitos humanos e sociais se encontra no centro de ataques desferidos pela ofensiva neoliberal e de seus agentes, entre eles o Escola Sem Partido, e seu projeto de criação de uma nova pedagogia de controle social. Sob as lentes da análise crítica da reflexão dialética, o artigo discorre sob as ambiguidades da palavra liberdade e, apoiado em fontes bibliográficas e documentais, examina que movimentos de ataque aos professores, como o ESP, impõem restrições à liberdade de ensinar contra as quais professores se contrapõem com a criativa metáfora política da “mordaça”.
O QUE CABE NO CURRÍCULO? ESTÁGIO DOCENTE, DES/APRENDIZAGENS E ITINERÁRIOS SENTIPENSANTES EM UMA FACULDADE DE EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Miranda Claudia , Romanazzi Freire Carolina , Gomes de Lima Barros Cabral Monalisa , Moreira Análio Jackeline
Published: January 2025

Este artigo é sobre outras andarilhagens curriculares a partir de uma perspectiva sentipensante que se fortaleceu no estágio docente na disciplina de Currículo, organizada por professoras (mestrandas, doutorandas e titular da disciplina), no primeiro semestre do ano de 2023, em uma universidade pública. O trabalho impulsionado dialogicamente emergiu nas idas e vindas exigidas pelo programa de pós-graduação em Educação e, desaguou no encontro com os grupos de estudantes de graduação. Aproximamo-nos das suas ideias sobre o que cabe no currículo, quando a orientação é mais intercultural e menos ancorada nas referências estáticas identificadas com o eurocentrismo. No conjunto, contamos com um total de vente e seis estudantes, de um total de trinta e sete matriculados. A metodologia incluiu entrevistas semiestruturadas e questionário. Apresentamos, aspectos das representações construídas sobre o modo como dialogam sobre suas impressões a respeito das temáticas abordadas, ao longo de uma travessia que definimos como sentipensante.
PRÁTICAS POÉTICO-ERÓTICAS
Authors: Dias Vanessa Cristina , Azevedo Requião Renata , Accorssi Aline
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho se desenvolve a partir de uma crítica ao regime colonial-capitalista globalizado (ROLNIK, 2019), que vem, ao longo dos séculos, destruindo a natureza. No entanto, em nosso tempo, tal regime passou a espoliar nossas subjetividades na busca por homogeneizá-las. Deste modo, propomos revisar o conceito de erótico, buscar o reconhecimento de algumas normas impostas pelo status quo e o reconhecimento de uma poética que operacionaliza o erótico em oposição às normas. Debatemos o conceito de erótico, abordando suas problemáticas e possibilidades de ampliação. Problematizamos o Eros deturpado, anulado e em agonia, a fim de demonstrar como o erótico pode ser compreendido de forma expandida, tocando diferentes esferas da vida. Para tanto, apresentamos as práticas artísticas das artistas Ana Mendieta (1948-1985), Zanele Muholi (1972), Liliana Maresca (1951-1994) e Castiel Vitorino Brasileiro (1996). Elas se utilizam da materialidade do corpo em suas práticas poético-visuais e, ao fazê-lo, se evidenciam questões que perpassam suas experiências com relação a gênero e sexualidade, expressas também no combate à subjetivação dominante. Suas poéticas operam a ampliação do Eros, construindo e criando relações entre corpos e subjetividades que são outras, implicando assim em modos outros de existir em um mundo corroído pelos abusos e violências. Neste sentido, demonstramos como a poética-erótica das artistas fissura o complexo regime colonial e capitalista.
PROJETO "EDUCADORES SÃO DEFENSORES DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS: UM ESTUDO DE VIABILIDADE PARA CRIAÇÃO DE UM PROGRAMA DE ACOLHIMENTO" DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO RIO DE JANEIRO (IFRJ)
Authors: Mendonça Amanda André , Passos Pâmella
Published: January 2025

Entrevista com a coordenação do projeto "Educadores são Defensores dos Direitos Humanos: um estudo de viabilidade para criação de um programa de acolhimento" do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ) –  Coordenadora: Pâmella Passos
EDUCAÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA: A REVOLUÇÃO ESCOLAR IMINENTE
Authors: Ribas Bruna
Published: January 2025

Educação democrática: a revolução escolar iminente, obra do sociólogo Cristian Laval e do psicólogo da educação Francis Vergne retrata a educação democrática como aquela que rompe paradigmas e a partir dessa perspectiva desenvolvem uma série de argumentos que sustentam a ideia do caráter democrático da educação como sendo um dos pilares essenciais para que esta cumpra seu papel principal, qual seja o de transformação social e individual. Para isso, os autores apontam que a educação deve vislumbrar sempre um caráter revolucionário de cunho social, democrático e ecológico. A fim de desenhar tais diretrizes democráticas para o educar, o livro se divide em cinco princípios / capítulos apontadores de uma proposta inovadora tecendo diálogos entre escola e democracia.
Giurlando, Philip; Wajner, Daniel F. (Ed.). Populist Foreign Policy: Regional Perspectives of Populism in the International Scene. Springer Nature, 2023, 290p. ISBN: 978-3-031-22772-1. | Giurlando, Philip; Wajner, Daniel F. (Ed.). A política externa do populismo: entendendo o fenômeno através de perspectivas regionais. Springer Nature, 2023, 290p. ISBN: 978-3-031-22772-1.
Authors: Alves de Souza Ricardo
Published: January 2025

O populismo tem se expandido nos últimos anos em diferentes partes do mundo. Esse fenômeno tem desafiado estudiosos de diferentes campos das ciências humanas. Este livro se propõe a apresentar estudos sobre o tema elaborados em diferentes países do mundo, tendo como foco específico como o populismo se manifesta no que se refere à política externa. A pergunta central do livro é: o que distingue a política externa populista?
Recebido em:  01 ago. 2023 | Aceito em: 20 fev. 2024.
La incorporación de Etiopía a los BRICS+: capacidades e intereses de un actor subsahariano | Ethiopia's membership in BRICS+: capabilities, interests and prospects of a rising sub-Saharan player
Authors: Morasso Carla
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo aborda la situación política-económica de la República Democrática Federal de Etiopía y los ejes de su política exterior en el contexto de su ingreso al Foro BRICS+. En base a una metodología de estudio de caso, se presentan los principales motivos por los cuales este país subsahariano, que es considerado una potencia regional en el Cuerno de África, presenta capacidades para procurar una mayor proyección global. En este marco, se indaga en particular sobre los principales sucesos políticos acontecidos durante la presidencia de Abiy Ahmed, la evolución económica del país en las últimas décadas, su activa diplomacia regional y los vínculos con la República Popular China.
La influencia de India a través de su diplomacia cultural en el ámbito de los BRICS | India’s influence through its cultural diplomacy within BRICS
Authors: Olivera Sabrina Victoria
Published: January 2025

India es un país emergente que presenta intenciones de configurar la agenda participando de foros internacionales como los BRICS, que le permiten estar en el centro de las discusiones. En ese orden, India supo entender la influencia que podría ejercer en torno a su poder blando y a su diplomacia cultural, para mostrarse como un actor pacífico y convertirse en un gran poder. En el presente artículo, mediante la técnica de análisis de documentos, se identificó que, dentro del bloque, India ha impulsado acciones de diplomacia cultural concretas que fueron continuadas y ampliadas por las sucesivas presidencias ejercidas por los otros países. Empero, pese a los instrumentos de amplio alcance suscriptos en el foro y los compromisos asumidos en materia cultural, son pocas las acciones específicas derivadas de ellos y que se encuentran documentadas. Por consiguiente, la diplomacia cultural india se despliega fundamentalmente de manera individual con cada integrante del bloque.
Violência e melancolia na literatura juvenil brasileira: uma análise de O dia em que Luca não voltou, de Luís Dill
Authors: Fernandes Sampaio de Souza Danilo , Batista da Silva Ferreira Arlene
Published: January 2025

A literatura juvenil brasileira, nas últimas décadas, tem-se destacado pela multiplicidade de temáticas à disposição de público leitor. Para este estudo, utilizamos a vertente do realismo crítico, conforme nomenclatura de Ana Margarida Ramos e Diana Navas e elencamos como corpus de análise a narrativa O dia em que Luca não voltou, de Luís Dill. Finalista do Prêmio Jabuti em 2010 na categoria juvenil, o livro em questão é uma das únicas do segmento juvenil que explora a temática das crianças desaparecidas, consequência da violência urbana, sobretudo nas grandes metrópoles brasileiras. Assim, neste texto, dentre os variados enfoques interpretativos, abordaremos a presença da violência urbana, bem como da melancolia na narrativa em questão, a partir dos postulados de Jaime Ginzburg (2013) e Sigmund Freud (2010), em diálogo com os autores que investigam a literatura juvenil contemporânea.
A literatura infantil nas páginas de Lúcia Miguel Pereira
Authors: Ribeiro Lopes de Almeida Edwirgens Aparecida
Published: January 2025

De maneira análoga à sua atuação como escritora de ficção para adultos, a escritora mineira Lúcia Miguel Pereira dedica-se a escrever quatro narrativas destinadas ao público infantil entre os anos 30 e 40. Se naqueles a autora se deteve a tratar da ocupação social da mulher, nas narrativas escritas para crianças, Lúcia Miguel também deixa entrevista a inquietação com a educação das crianças, mormente das meninas, e o papel da literatura infantil nesse processo de formação e sedução do pequeno leitor. Além dessa preocupação, questões inerentes ao universo infantil como a presença de personagens populares presentes em contos folclóricos, a relação com a natureza, os animais, o lúdico, o trabalho infantil e a religiosidade são marcantes da escrita de A fada menina (1939), Maria e seus bonecos (1943), A filha do Rio Verde (1943) e Na floresta mágica (1943), o que nos leva a discutir a presença da tradição nesse legado da autora.
Explorando novos caminhos: a literatura infantil e juvenil contemporânea
Authors: Bacellar Moreira Simone Maria
Published: January 2025

A capacidade de se reinventar e atrair a atenção de leitores é o que destaca a Literatura Infantil e Juvenil Contemporânea (LIJ), principalmente a brasileira, que se sobressai como uma das melhores do mundo, tanto pela quantidade de exemplares lançados anualmente, como pela sua inegável qualidade literária. Ao examinar aspectos literários renovados, este artigo explora os novos caminhos trilhados pela LIJ brasileira a partir de uma abordagem decolonial e antirracista. O objetivo é assinalar percursos que tanto releem os contos da tradição quanto avançam para novas temáticas, em sintonia com as mudanças sociais da atualidade, incorporando temas como representatividade e identidade que promovem a diversidade cultural e étnico-racial. Apresentaremos as obras Um dia, um rio (2016), Meu Cabelo é de Rainha (2021), Minha dança tem história (2019) e A Pele que eu tenho (2023) para ilustrar essas mudanças. Utilizando como base teórica os conceitos de bell hooks (2019, 2021), Marisa Lajolo (1991, 2005), Zilberman (1991) e Teresa Colomer (2003, 2019), e incluindo uma revisão de pesquisas sobre práticas de leitura, o artigo busca demonstrar que a LIJ brasileira contemporânea contribui significativamente para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e inclusiva, numa promoção de práticas antirracistas e decoloniais.
A poesia sem adjetivos de Alice Ruiz: a poética do corpo e da sexualidade na sala de aula
Authors: Omena Batista Marivaldo , Junqueira de Souza Renata
Published: January 2025

A não-adjetivação da poesia de Alice Ruiz permite que sua linguagem alcance um público significativo, abrangendo leitores infantis, juvenis e adultos. A partir desse pressuposto, nosso objetivo é discutir a poética de Alice Ruiz sob a perspectiva do corpo e da sexualidade, bem como sua recepção em uma turma do 2º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública. Para isso, recortamos uma experiência de nossa pesquisa de doutorado, a qual nos apropriamos de uma metodologia quanti-qualitativa e interventiva, fundamentada em Moreira e Caleffe (2006) e Bogdan e Biklen (1994). No que tange à leitura analítica dos textos da poeta, as contribuições de Cohen (1974), Foucault (2014), Freud (2015) e Hanna Segal (1993) foram relevantes. Os estudos sobre metacognição de Girotto e Souza (2010) ofereceram subsídios para a experiência de leitura em sala de aula. Obtivemos resultados promissores que, além de evidenciar a experiência estética, demonstraram uma ampliação dos horizontes dos estudantes em relação às complexidades do preconceito de gênero e aos instrumentos políticos que oprimem e regulam os espaços sociais das mulheres.
 
Palavras-chave: Poesia. Alice Ruiz. Recepção. Metacognição. Sem Adjetivos.
Écriture féminine as an intoxicating epistemological device
Authors: Santiago Sousa Victor
Published: January 2025

This article re-evaluates Virginia Woolf’s work through queer and decolonial lenses (Ahmed, 2006; Lugones, 2008; Butler, 2017; Mignolo & Walsh, 2018; Butler, 2024), illustrating how it disrupts entrenched gender binaries and colonial structures that reinforce hierarchical power dynamics (Oyěwùmí, 2021), albeit ambiguously. Central to the argument is the concept of “intoxication,” influenced by Derrida’s (2005) phármakon and Hélène Cixous’ (1975) écriture féminine. This concept is a radical force that can potentially dismantle rigid Western epistemologies. Woolf’s feminist writing, particularly in Orlando: A Biography (1928), exemplifies this subversive use of intoxication to challenge oppressive norms and reimagine identity beyond patriarchal and racist colonial constraints. The article also explores the embodiment of (trans)feminine intoxication, offering a framework for understanding how trans (in)existence and queer performativity are often misrepresented or misaligned within literary traditions. Drawing on Zhao Ng’s (2023) analysis, it critiques how trans characters are frequently subsumed into and reduced to romantic metaphors within cisgender or broader queer paradigms. In contrast, the article advocates for a decolonial and transfeminist critique (Nascimento, 2021) that transcends binary gender constructs, proposing a transformative intellectual praxis that embraces diverse epistemologies while resisting the limitations imposed by Western thought.
Keywords: Virginia Woolf; écriture féminine´; intoxication; queer narratives; decoloniality
GONÇALVES, Evanilton. O coração em outra América. Salvador: Boto-Cor-de-Rosa: ParaLeLo13S, 2021.
Authors: De Souza Araujo Maciel Keila Mara
Published: January 2025

Resenha do livro O coração em outra América, de Evanilton Gonçalves
Improving youth primary care
Authors: Hagell Ann
Published: January 2025

Specialist community wellbeing project for young people can be blueprint for reforms, says expert
Flight Test Roundup 2023
Authors: Wadlow Tom , Dyble Jonathan
Published: January 2025

Aerospace Testing International’s annual flight test report and progress update for leading commercial airliner programs
Looking into Combustion
Authors: Fenlason Jennifer
Published: January 2025

How to select the right camera to use in propulsion systems testing
A Deep Dive into The Past
Authors: Zwolinski Bill , Marinak Martin
Published: January 2025

Advanced sensor solutions helped NASA test the James Webb Space Telescope
Up in The Air
Authors: Challen John
Published: January 2025

Compact and decentralized data acquisition units can simplify and speed up the testing of eVTOL aircraft
Going Small to See Big Improvements
Authors: Evans Jason
Published: January 2025

As wire harnesses become more complex, advanced design and testing techniques are required to ensure their safety and reliability
The impact of genes and hormones on canine behavior: A review of recent research
Authors: Kim Jin Hyung , Cho Eunjin , Kim Minjun , Song Kun Ho , Seo Dongwon , Lee Jun Heon
Published: January 2025

The pet industry in Korea is rapidly growing with social changes such as an increase in single-person households and an aging population. As ownership of companion animals increases, problems related to dog behavior, especially aggression, become more prominent. Based on recent research, this paper comprehensively analyzed the methods to assess the behavioral characteristics of canines and the roles of genes and hormones influencing dog behavior. In particular, the effects of genes (DRD4, OXTR, SLC6A4, HTR1A, HTR1B, and HTR2A) and hormones (Testosterone, Cortisol, and Oxytocin) were examined. The genetic study confirmed that these genes are associated with various behavioral characteristics such as aggression, impulsiveness, and social interaction. Hormone research investigated the effects of testosterone, oxytocin, and cortisol such as aggression, social interaction, and stress relief. This study provides important basic data for understanding problems related to dog behavior. Furthermore, the current study will aid in developing programs to correct aggressive canine behaviors through genetic markers. It is anticipated that future research on canine behavior in Korea will advance substantially, ultimately making a notable impact on effectively addressing behavioral issues in dogs.
Genome-wide association study identifies loci affecting resistance to Scuticociliatosis in olive flounders (Paralichthys olivaceus)
Authors: Lee Yuju , Lee Dain , Kim Tae-Hee , Jeong Minhwan , Kim Julan , Kim Hyejin , Lim Chaehyeon , Chung Yoonji , Kim Yeongkuk , Kim Min-Sung , Lee Seung-Hwan , Lee Woojai , Kim Hyun-Chul , Park Hee-Bok
Published: January 2025

Olive flounders (Paralichthys olivaceus) hold significant economic values in the aquaculture sector of South Korea. Scuticociliatosis, caused by several parasite species, poses an important threat to the aquaculture industry, particularly in olive flounders. Developing resistance to this disease is vital for sustainable aquaculture. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic loci associated with Scuticociliatosis resistance in olive flounders. Using a time-to-event survival data as phenotype, we analyzed genomic data to detect loci affecting the Scuticociliatosis resistance. We identified the loci associated with the disease and the positional candidate genes, including NEK7, ZNF362B, PTPRUb, COL13A1, RB1, DPYSL5, and PC. Further KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment in biological pathways such as ECM-receptor interaction, Focal adhesion, Platelet activation, Rap1 signaling, and Inositol phosphate metabolism, which are closely related with immune and inflammation responses. These findings provide insight into the genetic architecture of Scuticociliatosis resistance and can assist the development of breeding strategies for disease-resistant olive flounder.
Analysis on the Contribution of Parturition Environment Factors to Birth Weight and Gestation Period in Hanwoo
Authors: Lee Hosung , Park Yong-Chan , Woo Hyo-Jun , Seo Jakyeom , Kim Myunghoo , Kim Dong-Hwan , Kim Byeong-Woo
Published: January 2025

This study was designed to determine the environmental factors influencing birth weight and gestation period in Hanwoo by analyzing reproductive records from 2011 to 2023 of 370,444 cows. Initial statistical analyses revealed the average birth weight to be 27.27± 2.48 kg and the average gestation period to be 288.41±6.25 days over the study period. Variance analysis have significant impacts of calf gender on both birth weight and gestation period. Similarly, parity, calving season, mating year, and calving year showed substantial effects on birth weights and gestation period. It noted that there was the reciprocal significance between gestation period and birth weight. In detailed analysis of gestation period and birth weight, considering factors contain calving season, calving year, mating year, parity, and gender, revealed nuanced insights. Although birth weights did not significantly differ between spring and fall, they were the highest value in spring. Winter has the longest gestation periods (p<0.01). While calving years does not show significant variance in birth weight, the year 2023 showed the highest weights and longest gestation periods. Gender analysis indicated that steers exhibited both higher birth weights and longer gestation periods than cows. For mating years, year 2022 had the highest average birth weight (27.33kg), with the longest gestation periods recorded in 2011. Parity effects were notable, with the second parity showing the largest, albeit non-significant, birth weights, and the tenth parity exhibiting the longest gestation periods. Contribution analysis to variance in birth weight showed that gender was the most influential factor, followed by gestation period, calving season, calving year, and mating year, with contribution rate of 0.60%, 0.27%, 0.09%, 0.24%, and 98.64%, respectively. The model's R-square value of 0.1327 suggests it explains approximately 13.27% of the variance in birth weights, with all variables being statistically significant (p<0.01). For gestation period, parity was the primary contributor, followed by gender, calving season, birth year, mating year, and birth weight, with contribution rate of 38.05%, 27.67%, 1.44%, 1.16%, 30.84%, and 0.83% respectively. The explanatory power for gestation period was lower, with an R-square value of 0.0221, indicating all variables were statistically significant (p<0.01).
Transcriptomic Profiling of Growth Stage-Specific Gene Expression in Hanwoo Liver
Authors: Jeong Taejoon , Park Woncheoul , Jang Sunsik , Lim Dajeong
Published: January 2025

This study investigates gene expression changes in Hanwoo liver tissue across early growth stages to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying liver development and immune functions. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we analyzed liver samples from 10 days (n = 3), 2 months (n = 10), 6 months (n = 6), and 10 months (n = 10) Hanwoo calves to identify growth stage-specific gene modules. We identified significant gene expression patterns related to immune responses, metabolic processes, and extracellular matrix organization, particularly at critical developmental stages. The findings suggest a dynamic shift in liver functions, particularly immune modulation in early months, as highlighted by the involvement of immune-related hub gene DOCK2 and enhanced metabolic activity as calves mature. These results contribute to understanding liver-specific development and may support strategies for improving growth and health in Hanwoo cattle.
Enhancing outcomes in severe lymphedema through combined treatment strategies
Authors: Shulkin Aidan , Efanov Johnny I
Published: January 2025

Lymphedema, particularly in its advanced stages, presents significant challenges in treatment, often necessitating a combination of therapies to manage symptoms effectively and improve patient outcomes. This article reviews the findings of Wang et al , regarding the use of lymphovenous anastomosis and complex decongestive therapy in treating severe, deformed stage III lymphedema with recurrent infections. The case report details the promising results achieved through this combined therapy, highlighting substantial reductions in limb volume and the complete resolution of recurrent lymphangitis. The patient experienced notable improvements in weight loss, physical function, and quality of life. Despite its strengths, the study has several limitations. It lacks specific details on the types of lymphovenous anastomoses performed and complex decongestive therapy protocols, such as frequency and adherence, making reproducibility difficult. The short follow-up period of six months limits understanding of long-term efficacy, and more consistent reporting of key metrics such as weight loss and body mass index would enhance outcome assessments. This article emphasizes the importance of integrating minimally invasive surgical techniques with conservative therapies to address both the symptoms and underlying causes of lymphedema. Further research is essential to standardize protocols and refine combined treatment strategies.
Generation of tunable high-order vortex beams from a Hermite-Gaussian thin-disk laser
Authors: Hao Jingjie , Dai Kunjian , Liu Hongyu , Liu Heyan , Chen Hongshan , Wang Qing , Yan Lisong , Zhang Jinwei
Published: January 2025

We demonstrate the generation of high-order, high-power vortex modes from a Hermite-Gaussian (HG) Yb:YAG thin-disk oscillator, with tunable mode orders ranging continuously from one to ten. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest order of HG and vortex modes obtained using a thin-disk module. The output power for most of these modes reaches up to 10 W, setting a new benchmark for intracavity high-order HG mode generation. The mode tunability is demonstrated experimentally and supported by simulations, realized by adjusting the angle and position of the output coupler to manipulate the intracavity resonance conditions. A cylindrical-lens mode converter is employed to transform the generated HG modes into Laguerre-Gaussian vortex modes. The properties of the resulting vortex beams are measured using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer and phase retrieval algorithms. Our results demonstrate significant progress in generating high-order structured light with an extended tunable range and high-power operation within thin-disk laser systems, providing new opportunities for applications in light-matter interaction, remote sensing, and optical manufacturing.
Reconfigurable metasurface for code division multiplexing in high-capacity and low-crosstalk holographic encryption
Authors: Li Rui , Yuan Huan , Zhong Zheqiang , Zhang Bin
Published: January 2025

Metasurface multiplexing holography shows potential to enhance information capacity but faces challenges such as crosstalk and limited dynamic switching. Leveraging the orthogonality of code division multiplexing (CDM) technology, we propose a reconfigurable metasurface-based encryption scheme. Here, the CDM code acts as a decryption key, enabling dynamic holographic image switching and ensuring secure information transmission. The circular polarization information is encoded into the reconfigurable metasurface using simultaneous modulation of geometric and propagation phases. By controlling polarization states of incident light and crystallization levels of GSST, the high-capacity and low-crosstalk CDM holographic images can be generated. Furthermore, a detailed analysis is conducted on the capacity of CDM holography, the factors influencing the efficiency of metasurface diffraction, and the scalability and feasibility of practical manufacturing. This proposed scheme has the ability to significantly boost encryption security, paving the way for increased information storage capacity and optical encryption.
Large-aperture liquid crystal lens array based on layered combined electrodes for 2D/3D switchable display
Authors: Zheng Yi , Tian Li-Lan , Zeng Yu-Meng , Ding Rui , Yin De-Sheng , Li Yao , He Jia-Yu , Chu Fan
Published: January 2025

This work proposes a large aperture liquid crystal lens array based on a novel layered combined electrode (LCE) structure. A large aperture (800µm) is achieved by strategically positioning pixel electrodes on either side of the LC lens and auxiliary electrodes at its center. This design effectively doubles the LC lens aperture compared to conventional structures, achieving this at a significantly lower voltage. Concurrently, the voltage applied to the auxiliary electrode is maintained at a lower level than the pixel electrode voltage to optimize the electric field distribution. To assess the operational efficiency of the proposed structure, a comparative simulation is conducted against a conventional model. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed LC lens array achieves a remarkably short focal length of 2.2 mm at a low operating voltage (∼4.8Vrms). Compared with the method of enlarging the aperture by adding multiple auxiliary electrodes, the proposed LC lens array simplifies the electrode structure and thus reduces the electric field crosstalk between electrodes. Furthermore, this configuration enables seamless 2D/3D switching functionality.
MFBCE: A Multi-Focal Bionic Compound Eye for Distance Measurement
Authors: Wang Xia , Liu Qiwei , Xue Jiaan , Lv Shuaijun , wei Ranfeng
Published: January 2025

Abstract: In response to the demand for small-size, high-precision, and real-time target distance measurement in platforms such as autonomous vehicles and drones, this paper investigates the multi-focal bionic compound eye (MFBCE) and its associated distance measurement algorithm. MFBCE was designed integrating multiple lenses with different focal lengths and a CMOS array. Based on this system, a multi-eye distance measurement algorithm based on target detection was proposed. This algorithm extends the application of binocular distance measurement to cameras with different focal lengths, overcoming the limitations of binocular algorithms that are confined to identical cameras. By utilizing multi-scale information captured by the multiple lenses with different focal lengths, the proposed MFBCE achieves enhanced distance measurement accuracy. In the experiment, the least squares method was employed to perform distance measurements for targets within 90 cm to 120 cm, achieving a mean error of 0.56%. With a constant distance-to-baseline ratio, the mean error of the proposed system is approximately 1/5 that of the binocular distance measurement algorithm. The proposed MFBCE demonstrates significant potential for applications in near-range obstacle avoidance, robotic grasping, and assisted driving.
FLCCR is a fluorescent reporter system that quantifies the duration of different cell cycle phases at the single-cell level in fission yeast
Authors: Murciano-Julià Guillem , Francos-Cárdenas Marina , Salat-Canela Clàudia , Hidalgo Elena , Ayté José
Published: January 2025

Fission yeast is an excellent model system that has been widely used to study the mechanism that control cell cycle progression. However, there is a lack of tools that allow to measure with high precision the duration of the different phases of the cell cycle in individual cells. To circumvent this problem, we have developed a fluorescent reporter that allows the quantification of the different phases of the cell cycle at the single-cell level in most genetic backgrounds. To prove the accuracy of this fluorescent reporter, we have tested the reporter in strains known to have a delay in the G1/S or G2/M transitions, confirming the strength and versatility of the system. An advantage of this reporter is that it eliminates the need for culture synchronization, avoiding stressing the cells. Using this reporter, we show that unperturbed cells lacking Sty1 have a standard cell cycle length and distribution and that the extended length of these cells is due to their increased cell growth rate but not to alterations in their cell cycle progression.
Benchmarking uncertainty quantification for protein engineering
Authors: Greenman Kevin P. , Amini Ava P. , Yang Kevin K.
Published: January 2025

Machine learning sequence-function models for proteins could enable significant advances in protein engineering, especially when paired with state-of-the-art methods to select new sequences for property optimization and/or model improvement. Such methods (Bayesian optimization and active learning) require calibrated estimations of model uncertainty. While studies have benchmarked a variety of deep learning uncertainty quantification (UQ) methods on standard and molecular machine-learning datasets, it is not clear if these results extend to protein datasets. In this work, we implemented a panel of deep learning UQ methods on regression tasks from the Fitness Landscape Inference for Proteins (FLIP) benchmark. We compared results across different degrees of distributional shift using metrics that assess each UQ method’s accuracy, calibration, coverage, width, and rank correlation. Additionally, we compared these metrics using one-hot encoding and pretrained language model representations, and we tested the UQ methods in retrospective active learning and Bayesian optimization settings. Our results indicate that there is no single best UQ method across all datasets, splits, and metrics, and that uncertainty-based sampling is often unable to outperform greedy sampling in Bayesian optimization. These benchmarks enable us to provide recommendations for more effective design of biological sequences using machine learning.
Post-concussion symptom burden and dynamics: Insights from a digital health intervention and machine learning
Authors: Blundell Rebecca , d’Offay Christine , Hand Charles , Tadmor Daniel , Carson Alan , Gillespie David , Reed Matthew , Jamjoom Aimun A. B.
Published: January 2025

Individuals who sustain a concussion can experience a range of symptoms which can significantly impact their quality of life and functional outcome. This study aims to understand the nature and recovery trajectories of post-concussion symptomatology by applying an unsupervised machine learning approach to data captured from a digital health intervention (HeadOn). As part of the 35-day program, patients complete a daily symptom diary which rates 8 post-concussion symptoms. Symptom data were analysed using K-means clustering to categorize patients based on their symptom profiles. During the study period, a total of 758 symptom diaries were completed by 84 patients, equating to 6064 individual symptom ratings. Fatigue, sleep disturbance and difficulty concentrating were the most prevalent symptoms reported. A decline in symptom burden was observed over the 35-day period, with physical and emotional symptoms showing early rates of recovery. In a correlation matrix, there were strong positive correlations between low mood and irritability (r = 0.84), and poor memory and difficulty concentrating (r = 0.83). K-means cluster analysis identified three distinct patient clusters based on symptom severity. Cluster 0 (n = 24) had a low symptom burden profile across all the post-concussion symptoms. Cluster 1 (n = 35) had moderate symptom burden but with pronounced fatigue. Cluster 2 (n = 25) had a high symptom burden profile across all the post-concussion symptoms. Reflecting the severity of the clusters, there was a significant relationship between the symptom clusters for both the Rivermead (p = 0.05) and PHQ-9 (p = 0.003) questionnaires at 6-weeks follow-up. By leveraging digital ecological momentary assessments, a rich dataset of daily symptom ratings was captured allowing for the identification of symptom severity clusters. These findings underscore the potential of digital technology and machine learning to enhance our understanding of post-concussion symptomatology and offer a scalable solution to support patients with their recovery.
Acceptability of improved cook stoves-a scoping review of the literature
Authors: Adhikari Bipin , Kang Sophie Suh Young , Dahal Aaryan , Mshamu Salum , Deen Jacqueline , Pell Christopher , von Seidlein Lorenz , Knudsen Jakob , Bøjstrup Thomas Chevalier
Published: January 2025

Improved cooking stoves (ICS) are intended to reduce indoor air pollution and the inefficient use of fuel yet there is often reticence to shift permanently to ICS. Drawing on a scoping review, this article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of factors affecting the acceptability of ICS. A scoping review was carried out using a systematic search strategy of literature. All articles identified in three major databases that included Pubmed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Science underwent screening followed by content analysis to generate major and minor themes using a structured social level analysis. The analysis identified factors at micro, meso, and macro-social levels that potentially contribute to an adoption of an improved cooking stove (ICS). The findings from the review were discussed and refined among a group of experts identified based on their prior academic or commercial contributions related to ICS. Adoption of ICS was dependent on functional outputs (e.g. cleanliness, and cooking efficiency) while meeting local social and cultural demands (e.g. cooking large meals, traditional meals, and taste). Health and cost benefits played an important role in the adoption and sustained use of ICS. The adoption of ICS was enabled by use among neighbors and other community members. Sustained use of ICS depended on fuel supply, fuel security and policies promoting its use. Policies offering subsidies in support of supply-chain garnered institutional trust among community members and resulted in the sustained use of ICS. In addition to design attributes of ICS that could meet both scientific and social demands, policies supporting promotion of clean energy, subsidies and supplies can substantially enhance the adoption of ICS.
Understanding reasons for delay in diagnosis of leprosy in Pakistan: A qualitative study
Authors: Fastenau Anil , Beresford Maxwell Oliver , Willis Matthew , Stuetzle Sophie CW. , Schlumberger Fabian , Duighuisen Heleen Neeltje Willemijn
Published: January 2025

Background

Recent epidemiological data shows significant rates of grade 2 disability at point-of-diagnosis among new leprosy cases in Pakistan. This indicates a feature of extensive diagnostic delay; the disability burden appears unmoving and disproportionate to the falling leprosy incidence rates. Therefore, this study was required to understand reasons for delay in diagnosis and treatment of leprosy.

Methods

A qualitative design of 7 semi-structured interviews was employed to reveal perceptions and understandings of various leprosy stakeholders in Pakistan, termed “leprosy experts”. Subsequent inductive analysis was used to identify themes and subthemes concerned with delay in the diagnosis and treatment of leprosy.

Results

Leprosy experts identified three main areas, or domains, to which delay can be attributed: 1. Awareness and beliefs about leprosy, within the general population, 2. Knowledge and clinical experience of leprosy, among healthcare professionals, 3. Leprosy control program infrastructure, allocation of resources and institutional funding. These domains were each viewed as consequent to the larger theme of ‘low-endemicity’. Strong correlations between diagnostic delay and socioeconomic status, gender, geography and health system challenges, were also mentioned, and which intersected the three major themes.

Conclusion

Reasons for diagnostic delay are evident in all tiers of the healthcare hierarchy in Pakistan. Thus, an approach at multiple levels is justified, to improve the general awareness of leprosy, education of healthcare professionals, and organizational structuring. Additionally, cultural features relevant to different communities in Pakistan which might be different from other care access frameworks demonstrated a need for further study into the health beliefs of Pakistani patients in a wide range of communities.
Association of metformin use with risk and survival outcome of esophageal cancer in patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Hui , Li Muhan , Chen Zhaoqi , Zheng Yuling
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between the utilization of metformin and the occurrence and survival rate of esophageal cancer (EC) in individuals with diabetes. Methods: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were performed. Related literature was searched from databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, covering the period from the inception of these databases until July 2023. Results: A total of 16 studies were eligible, including twelve reporting incidences of EC and four reporting OS of EC patients. The combined findings revealed a significant association between the use of metformin and a lower risk of EC (OR, 0.87, P = 0.04). Furthermore, metformin could significantly prolong the OS time (HR, 0.87, P = 0.002). In analyses stratified by treatment modalities, metformin combined with surgery and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy presented the strongest protective effect on EC patients with diabetes (HR, 0.38, P = 0.003). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis indicated that the use of metformin might reduce the EC incidence and improve the OS in EC patients with diabetes.
Comparison of cellular-based therapies following a long-segmental peripheral nerve defect in a rat model
Authors: Errante Emily L. , Tigre Joseph Yunga , Schaeffer Ericka A. , Costello Meredith C. , Kloehn Andrew J. , Puerto Aiko , Khan Aisha , Pressman Yelena , Silvera Risset , Sanchez Francisco J. , Noga Brian R. , Dietrich W. Dalton , Levi Allan D. , Burks S. Shelby
Published: January 2025

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is characterized by a loss of cellular and axonal integrity, often leading to limited functional recovery and pain. Many PNIs are not amenable to repair with traditional techniques; however, cell therapies, particularly Schwann cells (SCs), offer the promise of neural tissue replacement and functional improvement. Exosomes, which carry cellular signaling molecules, can be secreted by SCs and have shown promise in PNI. Our laboratory has had success using SCs in preclinical and clinical treatment settings. Transplanted cells have several known limitations, which exosomes mitigate. To that end, the current study investigated if implanted SC-derived exosomes in conduits, conduits with SCs, reverse autograft, or empty conduits comparably improve axonal regeneration and pain outcomes 16-weeks after repair of a long gap PNI in adult rats. Results show that there were no differences between groups in the von Frey filament testing or in the Hargreaves test. Electrophysiological testing showed a significant difference between the injured (ipsilateral) and uninjured (contralateral) limbs while histological assessment showed a significant difference between axonal counts in different areas of the conduit. Based on the results of the current study, more research is needed to understand the therapeutic role of exosomes in PNI.
N-Acetyl cysteine exhibits antimicrobial and anti-virulence activity against Salmonella enterica
Authors: Hamed Selwan , Emara Mohamed , Tohidifar Payman , Rao Christopher V.
Published: January 2025

Salmonella enterica is a common foodborne pathogen that causes intestinal illness varying from mild gastroenteritis to life-threatening systemic infections. The frequency of outbreaks due to multidrug-resistant Salmonella has been increased in the past few years with increasing numbers of annual deaths. Therefore, new strategies to control the spread of antimicrobial resistance are required. In this work, we found that N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) inhibits S. enterica at MIC of 3 mg ml-1 and synergistically activates the bactericidal activities of common antibiotics from three-fold for ampicillin and apramycin up to1000-fold for gentamycin. In addition, NAC inhibits the expression of virulence genes at sub-inhibitory concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. The whole-genome sequencing revealed that continuous exposure of S. enterica to NAC leads to the development of resistance; these resistant strains are attenuated for virulence. These results suggest that NAC may be a promising adjuvant to antibiotics for treating S. enterica in combination with other antibiotics.
Research protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of music on anxiety and physiological outcomes in patients undergoing bronchoscopy
Authors: Kacem Amani , Chebil Dhekra , Aissa Sana , Maatallah Anis , Abdelghani Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Bronchoscopy is a routine clinical examination that can cause discomfort and anxiety in patients. This paper presents a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to assess the effect of music on anxiety and physiological outcomes in patients undergoing bronchoscopy.

Methods

The protocol adhere to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines and has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024567398). Our documentary research strategy will involve four databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. In addition, manual searches will be conducted through related articles and references. We will include randomized controlled trials that evaluate the effect of music on patients undergoing bronchoscopy. The primary outcome will be the anxiety level and the secondary outcome will include physiological outcomes. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment will be carried out independently by two reviewers. Any discrepancies will be resolved through consultation with a third reviewer. The quality and the risk of bias in the studies will be evaluated using The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. The results of this systematic review will be synthesized to provide an overview on the effectiveness of music on anxiety and physiological parameters in patients during bronchoscopy. If the results are considered acceptable and sufficiently homogeneous, a meta-analysis will be performed to synthesize the findings.

Conclusion

The systematic review produced from this protocol will provide evidence on the effectiveness of music for patients undergoing bronchoscopy and will contribute to strengthening the existing body of knowledge on non-pharmacological interventions for anxiety management during medical procedures.