bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plant-based Diet and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Sundanese Adolescent Girls at Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Rahfiludin Mohammad Zen , Arso Septo Pawelas , Joko Tri , Asna Alfa Fairuz , Murwani Retno , Hidayanti Lilik
Published: September 2021

Background. Adolescent girls are at risk for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) due to the higher demand of iron for growth and the loss of blood during menstruation. Consumption of foods containing iron that have higher bioavailability can reduce the risk of IDA although diets that are largely plant-based, like those consumed by many Sundanese people, may not contain sufficient bioavailable iron. Here, we investigated the correlation between plant-based diets and IDA in adolescent Sundanese girls who were students at Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. Methods. A total of 176 girls from seven Islamic boarding schools in Tasikmalaya were recruited. Nutritional intake data were obtained using 24-hr dietary recall. Blood samples were analyzed with a Sysmex-XNL instrument to measure several parameters including hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Results. The prevalence of IDA in the study population was 22.2%. Iron intake was 6.59 mg/day, which was lower than the recommended amount. The molar ratio of phytic acid to iron and vitamin C to iron was 8.72 and 0.03, respectively. There was a correlation between heme iron and both hemoglobin (p=0.009) and hematocrit (p=0.018). Iron from meat, fish, and poultry was correlated with hemoglobin (p=0.009) and hematocrit (p=0.011). Conclusion. The Sundanese plant-based diet did not affect the IDA status. Instead, IDA was associated with consumption of less animal-based foods that have iron with higher bioavailability. Increased access to an animal-based menu at the school cafeteria could be an approach to prevent IDA in students at Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia.
Application of Image Recognition Algorithm Based on Partial Differential Equation and Wavelet Transform in the Intelligent Linkage System of Government Urban Public Management
Authors: Xu Xinyu
Published: September 2021

In the Internet age, social needs have become more diverse. The private sector has achieved great success in integrating resources to provide services to customers thanks to technological breakthroughs such as mobile Internet and big data, while the public sector has become even more dwarfed. The public sector urgently needs new theoretical support to integrate administrative resources more effectively, so as to provide the public with one-stop, holistic and seamless services as a whole. The “holistic governance” theory effectively responded to the abovementioned problems and gradually condensed the consensus of the academic and practical circles and became the most influential theory. The method of mathematical modeling is used to combine the improved wavelet domain Wiener filter and the comprehensive model of partial differential equations. This paper proposes an image recognition algorithm based on partial differential equations and wavelet transform. The algorithm uses weight coefficients to organically combine high-order partial differential equation models, retains the advantages of the second- and fourth-order partial differential recognition models, effectively improves the ability to maintain image edge detail information, and achieves better recognition results. This article starts with the description of the fragmentation of a street’s grassroots governance and sorts out the process of implementing overall governance with the “big linkage mechanism” as the main carrier. Due to the limitations of research ability and objective conditions, this article intercepts the “cross-section” of the big linkage mechanism in a certain street to demonstrate it and analyzes this “cross-section” more thoroughly. The experimental results of the data show that the image recognition algorithm based on partial differential equations and wavelet transform is effective and practical in the intelligent linkage system of the government urban public management.
Target Recognition of Synthetic Aperture Radar Images by Updated Classifiers
Authors: Li Jingyu , Liu Cungen
Published: September 2021

For the problem of reliable decision in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target recognition, a method based on updated classifiers is proposed. The convolutional neural network (CNN) and support vector machine (SVM) are used as basic classifiers to classify samples with unknown target labels. The two decisions are fused and the reliability of the fused decision is evaluated. The classified test samples with high reliabilities are added to the original training samples to update the classifiers. The updated classifiers have stronger classification abilities and the fused result of the two classifiers can obtain a more reliable decision. The proposed method is tested and verified based on the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) dataset. The experimental results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
The Role of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width in the Severity and Prognosis of Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Ren Qiang , Liu Hebing , Wang Ying , Dai Deyu , Tian Zhennan , Jiao Guiwei , Liu Xiaomin
Published: September 2021

Objectives. The objective of this study is to unravel the correlation between RDW and the severity and prognosis of CAP, as well as exploring RDW with the inflammatory markers white blood cells (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT). Methods. According to the data characteristics, appropriate statistical methods were selected to analyze the relationship between RDW and the severity and prognosis of CAP patients and to determine whether RDW is associated with the inflammatory markers WBC, CRP, and PCT. Results. The results show that with the increase of PSI and CURB-65 values, the proportion of patients with RDW ≥ 12.987% is significantly higher than that of RDW < 12.987% (

P
<
0.01

). When RDW is combined with PSI or CURB-65 to predict the 90-day mortality of CAP patients, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve increased prominently, and if RDW, PSI, and CURB-65 are combined, the area under the ROC curve is maximized. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the higher RDW value is associated with short-term adverse outcomes in CAP patients. We also find that when RDW, PSI, and CURB-65 are combined, the best performance is achieved to predict CAP 90-day mortality risk.
Evaluating Deep Neural Network Architectures with Transfer Learning for Pneumonitis Diagnosis
Authors: Krishnamurthy Surya , Srinivasan Kathiravan , Qaisar Saeed Mian , Vincent P. M. Durai Raj , Chang Chuan-Yu
Published: September 2021

Pneumonitis is an infectious disease that causes the inflammation of the air sac. It can be life-threatening to the very young and elderly. Detection of pneumonitis from X-ray images is a significant challenge. Early detection and assistance with diagnosis can be crucial. Recent developments in the field of deep learning have significantly improved their performance in medical image analysis. The superior predictive performance of the deep learning methods makes them ideal for pneumonitis classification from chest X-ray images. However, training deep learning models can be cumbersome and resource-intensive. Reusing knowledge representations of public models trained on large-scale datasets through transfer learning can help alleviate these challenges. In this paper, we compare various image classification models based on transfer learning with well-known deep learning architectures. The Kaggle chest X-ray dataset was used to evaluate and compare our models. We apply basic data augmentation and fine-tune our feed-forward classification head on the models pretrained on the ImageNet dataset. We observed that the DenseNet201 model outperforms other models with an AUROC score of 0.966 and a recall score of 0.99. We also visualize the class activation maps from the DenseNet201 model to interpret the patterns recognized by the model for prediction.
A Study on the Diffraction Correction Prediction of Electromagnetic Field Intensity Based on the Method of Estimating Aerial Access Network Signal
Authors: He Jialuan , Xing Zirui , Wang Qiang , Wu Feihong , Lu Fuyong
Published: September 2021

Field strength is a typical indicator of air access network signals, and the prediction of field strength has important reference significance for the estimation of aerial access network signals. However, many factors affecting the field strength, such as path, terrain, sunshine, and climate, increase the computational complexity, which greatly increases the difficulty of establishing an accurate prediction system. After persistent research by researchers in recent years, the ITU‐R P.1546 model has gradually become a point‐to‐surface forecasting method for ground services recommended by ITU for ground operations in the frequency range of 30 MHz~3000 MHz. In view of the characteristics of electromagnetic signal propagation in mountainous environment, the influence of diffraction is also considered in this paper. Based on more accurate scene information such as actual terrain, the prediction calculation of electromagnetic signal propagation in a mountainous environment is proposed by using the corrected ITU‐R P.1546 model. In addition, the influence of the actual terrain is taken into account to correct the relevant parameters, and the predicted results are compared with the measured data. The results indicate that field strength prediction results of the ITU‐R P.1546 model based on the diffraction effect correction proposed in this paper in specific physical areas have better performance than those of the traditional ITU‐R P.1546 model. Among them, the determination coefficient between the measured data and the predicted results is 0.87, the average error is 5.097 dBμV/m, and the root mean square error is 6.6228 dBμV/m, which proves that the ITU‐R P.1546 model based on the corrected model is effective in the prediction of electromagnetic field intensity in the actual mountainous environment.
State Evaluation Method of Robot Lubricating Oil Based on Support Vector Regression
Authors: Guo Dongdong , Chen Xiangqun , Ma Haitao , Sun Zimei , Jiang Zongrui
Published: September 2021

Recently, the development of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has led enterprises to re‐examine the research of the equipment‐state‐prediction models and intelligent manufacturing applications. Take industrial robots as typical example. Under the effect of scale, robot maintenance decision seriously affects the cost of spare parts and labor deployment. In this paper, an evaluation method is proposed to predict the state of robot lubricating oil based on support vector regression (SVR). It would be the proper model to avoid the structural risks and minimize the effect of small sample volume. IIoT technology is used to collect and store the valuable robot running data. The key features of the running state of the robot are extracted, and the machine learning model is applied according to the measured element contents of the lubricating oil. As a result, the cost of spare parts consumption can be saved for more than two million CNY per year.
A Practical Method for Determination of Nine Nucleosides in Tricholoma matsutake by UPLC/MS and Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents Using Single Marker Method
Authors: Yong Li , Leng An-Qin , Yang Zhi-Xiang , Xue Ying
Published: September 2021

Nucleosides can be used as quality evaluation indicators of Tricholoma matsutake. In this work, a new ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) strategy for quantitative analysis of multiple components using a single marker (QAMS) was proposed to determine nine nucleosides (adenosine, cytidine, guanosine, inosine, uridine, 2′-deoxyadenosine, 2′-deoxycytidine, 2′-deoxyguanosine, and 2′-deoxyuridine) in T. matsutake. Guanosine was set as the internal reference substance, whose content in T. matsutake was determined using the conventional external standard method. Relative correction factors (RCFs) between guanosine and eight other nucleosides were measured. The concentrations of the eight components were calculated with the obtained RCFs by QAMS. An ultrasonic extraction method is used for sample preparation. This method was validated to be sensitive, precise, and accurate with the LODs of 0.31–1.9 ng, the overall intraday and interday variations less than 4.08%, and the overall recovery over 89.0%. The correlation coefficients (r2) of the calibration curves were higher than 0.9918. The values of vector angle analysis were above 0.99845, which indicates no significant differences between the conventional external standard method and the present QAMS method. As far as we know, this is also the first report of UPLC/MS analysis of nucleoside compounds by QAMS, providing an efficient and feasible quality assessment method for other natural products containing nucleosides.
Oxidative Phosphorylation Is a Metabolic Vulnerability in Chemotherapy-Resistant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Evans Kurt W. , Yuca Erkan , Scott Stephen S. , Zhao Ming , Paez Arango Natalia , Cruz Pico Christian X. , Saridogan Turcin , Shariati Maryam , Class Caleb A. , Bristow Christopher A. , Vellano Christopher P. , Zheng Xiaofeng , Gonzalez-Angulo Ana Maria , Su Xiaoping , Tapia Coya , Chen Ken , Akcakanat Argun , Lim Bora , Tripathy Debu , Yap Timothy A. , Francesco Maria Emilia Di , Draetta Giulio F. , Jones Philip , Heffernan Timothy P. , Marszalek Joseph R. , Meric-Bernstam Funda
Published: September 2021

Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is an active metabolic pathway in many cancers. RNA from pretreatment biopsies from patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy demonstrated that the top canonical pathway associated with worse outcome was higher expression of OXPHOS signature. IACS-10759, a novel inhibitor of OXPHOS, stabilized growth in multiple TNBC patient-derived xenografts (PDX). On gene expression profiling, all of the sensitive models displayed a basal-like 1 TNBC subtype. Expression of mitochondrial genes was significantly higher in sensitive PDXs. An in vivo functional genomics screen to identify synthetic lethal targets in tumors treated with IACS-10759 found several potential targets, including CDK4. We validated the antitumor efficacy of the combination of palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, and IACS-10759 in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the combination of IACS-10759 and multikinase inhibitor cabozantinib had improved antitumor efficacy. Taken together, our data suggest that OXPHOS is a metabolic vulnerability in TNBC that may be leveraged with novel therapeutics in combination regimens.

Significance:

These findings suggest that triple-negative breast cancer is highly reliant on OXPHOS and that inhibiting OXPHOS may be a novel approach to enhance efficacy of several targeted therapies.
Phase Ib Dose Expansion and Translational Analyses of Olaparib in Combination with Capivasertib in Recurrent Endometrial, Triple-Negative Breast, and Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Westin Shannon N. , Labrie Marilyne , Litton Jennifer K. , Blucher Aurora , Fang Yong , Vellano Christopher P. , Marszalek Joseph R. , Feng Ningping , Ma XiaoYan , Creason Allison , Fellman Bryan , Yuan Ying , Lee Sanghoon , Kim Tae-Beom , Liu Jinsong , Chelariu-Raicu Anca , Chen Tsun Hsuan , Kabil Nashwa , Soliman Pamela T. , Frumovitz Michael , Schmeler Katheleen M. , Jazaeri Amir , Lu Karen H. , Murthy Rashmi , Meyer Larissa A. , Sun Charlotte C. , Sood Anil K. , Coleman Robert L. , Mills Gordon B.
Published: September 2021

Purpose:

On the basis of strong preclinical rationale, we sought to confirm recommended phase II dose (RP2D) for olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, combined with the AKT inhibitor capivasertib and assess molecular markers of response and resistance.

Patients and Methods:

We performed a safety lead-in followed by expansion in endometrial, triple-negative breast, ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer. Olaparib 300 mg orally twice daily and capivasertib orally twice daily on a 4-day on 3-day off schedule was evaluated. Two dose levels (DL) of capivasertib were planned: 400 mg (DL1) and 320 mg (DL-1). Patients underwent biopsies at baseline and 28 days.

Results:

A total of 38 patients were enrolled. Seven (18%) had germline BRCA1/2 mutations. The first 2 patients on DL1 experienced dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) of diarrhea and vomiting. No DLTs were observed on DL-1 (n = 6); therefore, DL1 was reexplored (n = 6) with no DLTs, confirming DL1 as RP2D. Most common treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events were anemia (23.7%) and leukopenia (10.5%). Of 32 evaluable subjects, 6 (19%) had partial response (PR); PR rate was 44.4% in endometrial cancer. Seven (22%) additional patients had stable disease greater than 4 months. Tumor analysis demonstrated strong correlations between response and immune activity, cell-cycle alterations, and DNA damage response. Therapy resistance was associated with receptor tyrosine kinase and RAS-MAPK pathway activity, metabolism, and epigenetics.

Conclusions:

The combination of olaparib and capivasertib is associated to no serious adverse events and demonstrates durable activity in ovarian, endometrial, and breast cancers, with promising responses in endometrial cancer. Importantly, tumor samples acquired pre- and on-therapy can help predict patient benefit.
Digital Endpoints: Definition, Benefits, and Current Barriers in Accelerating Development and Adoption
Authors: Landers Matthew , Dorsey Ray , Saria Suchi
Published: September 2021

The assessment of health and disease requires a set of criteria to define health status and progression. These health measures are referred to as “endpoints.” A “digital endpoint” is defined by its use of sensor-generated data often collected outside of a clinical setting such as in a patient’s free-living environment. Applicable sensors exist in an array of devices and can be applied in a diverse set of contexts. For example, a smartphone’s microphone might be used to diagnose or predict mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease or a wrist-worn activity monitor (such as those found in smartwatches) may be used to measure a drug’s effect on the nocturnal activity of patients with sickle cell disease. Digital endpoints are generating considerable excitement because they permit a more authentic assessment of the patient’s experience, reveal formerly untold realities of disease burden, and can cut drug discovery costs in half. However, before these benefits can be realized, effort must be applied not only to the technical creation of digital endpoints but also to the environment that allows for their development and application. The future of digital endpoints rests on meaningful interdisciplinary collaboration, sufficient evidence that digital endpoints can realize their promise, and the development of an ecosystem in which the vast quantities of data that digital endpoints generate can be analyzed. The fundamental nature of health care is changing. With coronavirus disease 2019 serving as a catalyst, there has been a rapid expansion of home care models, telehealth, and remote patient monitoring. The increasing adoption of these health-care innovations will expedite the requirement for a digital characterization of clinical status as current assessment tools often rely upon direct interaction with patients and thus are not fit for purpose to be administered remotely. With the ubiquity of relatively inexpensive sensors, digital endpoints are positioned to drive this consequential change. It is therefore not surprising that regulators, physicians, researchers, and consultants have each offered their assessment of these novel tools. However, as we further describe later, the broad adoption of digital endpoints will require a cooperative effort. In this article, we present an analysis of the current state of digital endpoints. We also attempt to unify the perspectives of the parties involved in the development and deployment of these tools. We conclude with an interdependent list of challenges that must be collaboratively addressed before these endpoints are widely adopted.
Are Analogue or Digital Clocks Friendlier for People Living with Dementia?
Authors: Koreki Akihiro , Kusudo Keisuke , Suzuki Hisaomi , Nozaki Shoko , Onaya Mitsumoto , Bowes Alison , Sado Mitsuhiro
Published: September 2021

Background: In ageing population, it is desirable to reduce the impact of cognitive decline on daily life. While various types of dementia-friendly environments have been proposed, the question still remains regarding whether analogue or digital clocks are friendlier for people with dementia. Methods: In clinical practice, we normally use our original clock reading test (10 analogue and 10 digital clocks) to assess patients’ ability to read a clock. In the present study, a retrospective medical record survey was conducted. Fifty-five participants who had done the test were identified. The result of the test was compared between analogue and digital clocks. Additionally, to assess specific ability to read analogue clocks, an “analogue-digital gap” was defined as the difference between patients’ performance for analogue and digital clocks. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to detect significant factors associated with reading ability specific to analogue clocks. Results: The analogue clock proved less readable than the digital clock, even after adjusting for MMSE total score (p = 0.003). Multivariate analysis revealed reading ability of the analogue clock was significantly associated with MMSE calculation and clock drawing test (p = 0.009 and 0.040, respectively). Conclusions: In the present study, the digital clock was friendlier than the analogue clock for patients with dementia. Compared to the digital clock, reading analogue clocks might require more widespread cognition, such as working memory and visuospatial processing. While our finding was a general tendency, and individual assessment is necessary, it might help the development of personalized environmental adjustments.
Effects of Pet Therapy in Elderly Patients with Neurocognitive Disorders: A Brief Review
Authors: Sbrizzi Chiara , Sapuppo Walter
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) are disturbances highly related to age. This means that, with the increasing trend in life expectancy, there is also an increase in this diagnosis, although NCDs are not exclusively found in the population over 65 years old. Likely, they will increase in the coming years together with improvements in diagnosis. In addition to the use of medicines and rehabilitative techniques, pet therapy is also used. Pet therapy makes use of animals with therapeutic, rehabilitative, educational, and recreational purposes for people affected by physical, neuromotor, and psychiatric disorders. Pet therapy seems to be functional for increasing social and communication competencies, facilitating verbal and body language, increasing self-esteem, improving quality of life, and reducing anxiety/stress. Methods: This study was based on scientific papers and publications obtained from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Moreover, other articles from further cross-references were included. Specific database research criteria were (a) articles published in 2018 or later, (b) samples containing only adults over 65 years old, (c) written in English or Italian, and (d) on the topic of animal-assisted intervention. Results: Uncertain results were obtained. Although a positive effect was found, the included articles were of insufficient methodological rigor. Discussion/Conclusion: Although many studies reported positive results, these could not be generalized because of the numerous biases present (e.g., small sample size, lack of methodological rigor, lack of protocol, etc.). Future studies, therefore, should seek to address the limitations found in the analyzed studies.
Successful Treatment of a Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia Patient with Carbamazepine-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Using Oxcarbazepine Monotherapy: A Case Report
Authors: Tran Hung T. , Nguyen Khang V. , Vercueil Laurent
Published: September 2021

Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare condition characterized by abnormal involuntary movements that are precipitated by a sudden movement. PKD is often misdiagnosed with psychogenic movement disorders. Carbamazepine is usually the first choice of medication due to its well-established evidence but could induce Stevens-Johnson syndrome. We report a 21-year-old male patient with PKD referred to our movement disorders clinic after being misdiagnosed with conversion syndrome. PRRT2 gene testing using next-generation sequencing revealed a mutation in c.649dupC p. (Arg217fs). The patient responded well to carbamazepine but had to withdraw the treatment due to carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome after 3 weeks of medication. Our patient did not respond to trials of levetiracetam and phenytoin but finally responded well to oxcarbazepine. The patient was followed up for 4 years, during which he had no attacks and no side effects. Here, we present a PKD case with carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome successfully treated with oxcarbazepine despite the risk of cross-reactive skin eruption between these antiepileptics. Careful history taking and examining patient’s attacks are crucial to accurate diagnosis and treatment in PKD patients.
Unusual Presentation of Cerebral Lupus: A Case Report of Parkinsonism in Cerebral Lupus
Authors: Chang Chee Keong , Mohd Noh Malehah , Liew Sat Lin Constance , Payus Alvin Oliver
Published: September 2021

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with multisystem involvement that follows a relapsing and remitting course. It is characterized by an immune-mediated response to own body defense mechanism and mistakenly attacked healthy cells of the skin, joints, kidneys, blood cells, and nervous system. Cerebral lupus refers to a constellation of neurological and/or behavioral clinical syndromes in patients with SLE. The spectrum of presentation can vary widely ranging from mild symptoms such as headaches, slight cognitive dysfunction, and mood disorders to more serious conditions like seizures, stroke, or coma. This case report is about a case of cerebral lupus manifested with symptoms of Parkinsonism. The purpose of this case report is to share an uncommon occurrence of cerebral lupus which manifested as Parkinsonism and to highlight the importance of early diagnosis of the condition which is potentially reversibility with prompt treatment [4].
Urinary Stress Hormones, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Inoue Kosuke , Horwich Tamara , Bhatnagar Roshni , Bhatt Karan , Goldwater Deena , Seeman Teresa , Watson Karol E.
Published: September 2021

Psychosocial stress is a key contributing factor to the pathogenesis of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. We examined the association of urinary stress hormone levels with incident hypertension and cardiovascular events. This prospective cohort study included 412 adults (age 48–87 years) free of hypertension from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis with measurements of urinary stress hormones (norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and cortisol). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of incident hypertension and cardiovascular events according to urinary stress hormone levels. The average age (SD) was 61.2 (9.1) years, and 50% were female. Over a median follow-up of 6.5 years, there was an increased risk of incident hypertension per doubling of norepinephrine (aHR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.06–1.61]), epinephrine (aHR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.03–1.41]), dopamine (aHR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.00–1.64]), and cortisol (aHR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.04–1.44]). The associations were generally stronger among participants <60 years than those ≥60 years, particularly for dopamine (
P
-for-interaction, 0.04) and cortisol (
P
-for-interaction, 0.04). Over a median follow-up of 11.2 years, there was an increased risk of incident cardiovascular events per doubling of cortisol (aHR, 1.90 [95% CI, 1.16–3.09]), but not for catecholamines. In this multiethnic population study, higher urinary stress hormone levels were associated with an increased risk of incident hypertension. Urinary cortisol levels were also associated with an increased risk of incident cardiovascular events. Our findings highlight a potentially important role of stress hormones in the prevention and treatment of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.
Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for 1‐Year Readmission Among Young Adults Hospitalized for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dreyer Rachel P. , Raparelli Valeria , Tsang Sui W. , D’Onofrio Gail , Lorenze Nancy , Xie Catherine F. , Geda Mary , Pilote Louise , Murphy Terrence E.
Published: September 2021

Background

Readmission over the first year following hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is common among younger adults (≤55 years). Our aim was to develop/validate a risk prediction model that considered a broad range of factors for readmission within 1 year.

Methods and Results

We used data from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients) study, which enrolled young adults aged 18 to 55 years hospitalized with AMI across 103 US hospitals (N=2979). The primary outcome was ≥1 all‐cause readmissions within 1 year of hospital discharge. Bayesian model averaging was used to select the risk model. The mean age of participants was 47.1 years, 67.4% were women, and 23.2% were Black. Within 1 year of discharge for AMI, 905 (30.4%) of participants were readmitted and were more likely to be female, Black, and nonmarried. The final risk model consisted of 10 predictors: depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.05), better physical health (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99), in‐hospital complication of heart failure (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 0.99–2.08), chronic obstructive pulmomary disease (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.96–1.74), diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.00–1.52), female sex (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05–1.65), low income (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.89–1.42), prior AMI (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.15–1.87), in‐hospital length of stay (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04–1.23), and being employed (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.69–1.12). The model had excellent calibration and modest discrimination (C statistic=0.67 in development/validation cohorts).

Conclusions

Women and those with a prior AMI, increased depressive symptoms, longer inpatient length of stay and diabetes may be more likely to be readmitted. Notably, several predictors of readmission were psychosocial characteristics rather than markers of AMI severity. This finding may inform the development of interventions to reduce readmissions in young patients with AMI.
Maintaining Common Ground in Dynamic Environments
Authors: Udagawa Takuma , Aizawa Akiko
Published: September 2021

Common grounding is the process of creating and maintaining mutual understandings, which is a critical aspect of sophisticated human communication. While various task settings have been proposed in existing literature, they mostly focus on creating common ground under a static context and ignore the aspect of maintaining them overtime under dynamic context. In this work, we propose a novel task setting to study the ability of both creating and maintaining common ground in dynamic environments. Based on our minimal task formulation, we collected a large-scale dataset of 5,617 dialogues to enable fine-grained evaluation and analysis of various dialogue systems. Through our dataset analyses, we highlight novel challenges introduced in our setting, such as the usage of complex spatio-temporal expressions to create and maintain common ground. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments to assess the capabilities of our baseline dialogue system and discuss future prospects of our research.
Genus Stathmopoda Herrich-Schäffer, 1853 (Lepidoptera: Stathmopodidae) from China (III): Descriptions of fourteen new species
Authors: WANG SHUXIA , GUAN WEI , WANG AILING
Published: September 2021

Fourteen new species of the genus Stathmopoda Herrich-Schäffer, 1853 are described: S. apicihamata S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. sphaeroidea S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. delitescens S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. ferrorufa S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. jinxiuensis S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. laiyangensis S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. miniloba S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. paradiplaspis S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. similignominiosa S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. paraxanthostigma S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. sufusciumeraris S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. trigonia S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov., S. trilobata S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov. and S. xanthostigma S. Wang & Guan, sp. nov.; ten species are newly recorded for China: S. aprica Meyrick, 1913, S. balanarcha Meyrick, 1921, S. callicarpicola Terada, 2012, S. cissota Meyrick, 1913, S. culcitella Sinev, 1995, S. diplaspis (Meyrick, 1887), S. flavescens Kuznetzov, 1984, S. gemmiconsuta Terada, 2012, S. placida Meyrick, 1908 and S. xanthomochla Meyrick, 1913. Images of both adults and genitalia are provided, along with two maps showing the distribution of them in China.
Tachinus flavimaculatus, a new species of the subgenus Tachinoderus Motschulsky from China (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae)
Authors: FENG YONG-YAN , YIN ZI-WEI
Published: September 2021

Tachinus flavimaculatus Feng & Yin, sp. nov., a new species of the T. nepalensis Ullrich group of the subgenus Tachinoderus Motschulsky, is described from southeastern Xizang, China, with habitus and major diagnostic features illustrated.
Role of Advection of Parameterized Turbulence Kinetic Energy in Idealized Tropical Cyclone Simulations
Authors: Chen Xiaomin , Bryan George H.
Published: September 2021

Horizontal homogeneity is typically assumed in the design of planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterizations in weather prediction models. Consistent with this assumption, PBL schemes with predictive equations for subgrid turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) typically neglect advection of TKE. However, tropical cyclone (TC) boundary layers are inhomogeneous, particularly in the eyewall. To gain further insight, this study examines the effect of advection of TKE using the Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino (MYNN) PBL scheme in idealized TC simulations. The analysis focuses on two simulations, one that includes TKE advection (CTL) and one that does not (NoADV). Results show that relatively large TKE in the eyewall above 2 km is predominantly attributable to vertical advection of TKE in CTL. Interestingly, buoyancy production of TKE is negative in this region in both simulations; thus, buoyancy effects cannot explain observed columns of TKE in TC eyewalls. Both horizontal and vertical advection of TKE tends to reduce TKE and vertical viscosity (Km) in the near-surface inflow layer, particularly in the eyewall of TCs. Results also show that the simulated TC in CTL has slightly stronger maximum winds, slightly smaller radius of maximum wind (RMW), and ~5% smaller radius of gale-force wind than in NoADV. These differences are consistent with absolute angular momentum being advected to smaller radii in CTL. Sensitivity simulations further reveal that the differences between CTL and NoADV are more attributable to vertical advection (rather than horizontal advection) of TKE. Recommendations for improvements of PBL schemes that use predictive equations for TKE are also discussed.
Response of Tropical Rainfall to Reduced Evapotranspiration Depends on Continental Extent
Authors: Pietschnig Marianne , Swann Abigail L. S. , Lambert F. Hugo , Vallis Geoffrey K.
Published: September 2021

Future projections of precipitation change over tropical land are often enhanced by vegetation responses to CO2 forcing in Earth system models. Projected decreases in rainfall over the Amazon basin and increases over the Maritime Continent are both stronger when plant physiological changes are modeled than if these changes are neglected, but the reasons for this amplification remain unclear. The responses of vegetation to increasing CO2 levels are complex and uncertain, including possible decreases in stomatal conductance and increases in leaf area index due to CO2 fertilization. Our results from an idealized atmospheric general circulation model show that the amplification of rainfall changes occurs even when we use a simplified vegetation parameterization based solely on CO2-driven decreases in stomatal conductance, indicating that this mechanism plays a key role in complex model projections. Based on simulations with rectangular continents we find that reducing terrestrial evaporation to zero with increasing CO2 notably leads to enhanced rainfall over a narrow island. Strong heating and ascent over the island trigger moisture advection from the surrounding ocean. In contrast, over larger continents rainfall depends on continental evaporation. Simulations with two rectangular continents representing South America and Africa reveal that the stronger decrease in rainfall over the Amazon basin seen in Earth system models is due to a combination of local and remote effects, which are fundamentally connected to South America’s size and its location with respect to Africa. The response of tropical rainfall to changes in evapotranspiration is thus connected to size and configuration of the continents.
Validation of HWRF-based Probabilistic TC Wind and Precipitation forecasts
Authors: Bachmann Kevin , Torn Ryan D.
Published: September 2021

Tropical cyclones are associated with a variety of significant social hazards, including wind, rain, and storm surge. Despite this, most of the model validation effort has been directed toward track and intensity forecasts. In contrast, few studies have investigated the skill of state-of-the-art, high-resolution ensemble prediction systems in predicting associated TC hazards, which is crucial since TC position and intensity do not always correlate with the TC-related hazards, and can result in impacts far from the actual TC center. Furthermore, dynamic models can provide flow-dependent uncertainty estimates, which in turn can provide more specific guidance to forecasters than statistical uncertainty estimates based on past errors. This study validates probabilistic forecasts of wind speed and precipitation hazards derived from the HWRF ensemble prediction system and compares its skill to forecasts by the stochastically-based operational Monte Carlo Model (NHC), the IFS (ECMWF), and the GEFS (NOAA) in use 2017-2019. Wind and Precipitation forecasts are validated against NHC best track wind radii information and the National Stage IV QPE Product. The HWRF 34 kn wind forecasts have comparable skill to the global models up to 60 h lead time before HWRF skill decreases, possibly due to detrimental impacts of large track errors. In contrast, HWRF has comparable quality to its competitors for higher thresholds of 50 kn and 64 kn throughout 120 h lead time. In terms of precipitation hazards, HWRF performs similar or better than global models, but depicts higher, although not perfect, reliability, especially for events over 5 in120h−1. Post-processing, like Quantile Mapping, improves forecast skill for all models significantly and can alleviate reliability issues of the global models.
When Baehr met Steffen: Appraising classicality through the lens of neglect
Authors: Ginnerskov Josef
Published: September 2021

Classical sociology has long served as a locus for the discipline's self-understanding, and is a phenomenon increasingly studied in its own right. The growing literature is synthesised in Peter Baehr's renowned framework for scrutinising reception and formation processes. By theorising on the trajectories of multiple classics, Baehr has helped pave the way for sociology’s understanding of how classicality becomes established. This paper deploys this framework in order to appraise neglected work with classicality potential in early sociology, namely the bulky production of Sweden's main candidate for a classic, Gustaf F. Steffen (1864–1929), with special attention given to his magnum opus Sociology: A general theory of society (1910–1911). The analysis exposes some of the conceptual ambiguity in Baehr's framework, while proposing that both the notion of a ‘classic’ and the sole focus on reception and formation need to be expanded. This article also argues that our understanding of classicality could be advanced if we were to distinguish between author, text, and theory, since each of these plays different roles in reception, formation, and neglection processes.
Physical therapies in the decongestive treatment of lymphedema: A randomized, non-inferiority controlled study
Authors: Forner-Cordero Isabel , Muñoz-Langa José , DeMiguel-Jimeno Juan María , Rel-Monzó Pilar
Published: September 2021

Objective:

To assess whether the treatment with intermittent pneumatic compression plus multilayer bandages is not inferior to classical trimodal therapy with manual lymphatic drainage in the decongestive lymphedema treatment.

Study Design:

Randomized, non-inferiority, controlled study to compare the efficacy of three physical therapies’ regimens in the Decongestive Lymphatic Therapy.

Participants:

194 lymphedema patients, stage II–III with excess volume > 10% were stratified within upper and lower limb and then randomized to one of the three treatment groups. Baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups.

Intervention:

all patients were prescribed 20 sessions of the following regimens: Group A (control group): manual lymphatic drainage + Intermittent Pneumatic Compression + Bandages; Group B: pneumatic lymphatic drainage + Intermittent Pneumatic Compression + Bandages; and Group C: only Intermittent Pneumatic Compression + Bandages.

End-point:

Percentage reduction in excess volume (PREV).

Results:

All patients improved after treatment. Global mean of PREV was 63.9%, without significant differences between the groups. The lower confidence interval of the mean difference in PREV between group B and group A, and between group C and group A were below 15%, thus meeting the non-inferiority criterion. Most frequent adverse events were discomfort and lymphangitis, without differences between groups. A greater baseline edema, an upper-limb lymphedema and a history of dermatolymphangitis were independent predictive factors of worse response in the multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

Decongestive lymphatic therapy performed only with intermittent pneumatic compression plus bandages is not inferior to the traditional trimodal therapy with manual lymphatic drainage. This approach did not increase adverse events.
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis of the left femur associated with ulcerative colitis: a case report
Authors: Kim Min Cheol , Kim Kyeong Ok , Kang Min Kyu , Jang Byung Ik
Published: September 2021

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare condition characterized by chronic relapsing noninfectious bone inflammation of unknown etiology. Although CRMO is considered an extraintestinal manifestation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, most cases of CRMO are associated with Crohn’s disease; very few are associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). We herein describe a 21-year-old patient with UC who developed recurrent left thigh pain. The patient was diagnosed with CRMO associated with UC, which was well controlled with azathioprine treatment.
Taking the group (really) seriously. Race, racism and group analysis
Authors: Dalal Farhad
Published: September 2021

The paper is an autobiographical account of the critical role that race and racism came to play in the writing of the book Taking the Group Seriously (1998) over 20 years ago. I will start out by telling you something about my history and early life experiences which eventually took me to the IGA in London to train as a group analyst. I will describe how and why I started to become increasingly preoccupied with the themes of race and racism which eventually led me to doing a PhD on the subject. As I delved deeper into the study I was faced with a number of theoretical and experiential difficulties. The engagement with these difficulties led to the critique of the world view that prevailed (and I would say, continues to prevail) in mainstream psychoanalysis and group analysis. I will use some of my experiences at the IGA from that time to make links with dynamics within the institution today.
Two Patients With Severe COVID Pneumonia Treated With the Seraph-100 Microbind Affinity Blood Filter
Authors: Kelly Mark M. , Wilkinson Jared D. , Rastegar Mandana , Lewis Michael S. , Betancourt Jaime
Published: September 2021

We present 2 patients with rapidly escalating oxygen requirements from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (COVID-19) treated with the Seraph100 Microbind Affinity Blood Filter under Emergency Use Authorization from the US Federal Drug Administration. The Seraph100 is an extracorporeal hemoperfusion filter previously demonstrated to remove viral particles and pro-inflammatory cytokines from the blood. Treatment with the Seraph100 filter was associated with a rapid improvement in oxygenation and both patients were discharged from the hospital without supplemental oxygen.
Utilization of copper sulphide nanoparticles for the development of cashew tree gum/ chitin biopolymer blend nanocomposites
Authors: Ramesan MT , Subburaj M , Mathew G , Bahuleyan BK
Published: September 2021

This work focused on the preparation of biopolymer blend nanocomposites from chitin (CT) and cashew tree gum (CTG) with different contents of copper sulphide nanoparticles (CuS) by solution casting method. The formation of nanocomposites have been characterized by FT infrared (FTIR), UV spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and impedance analysis. The characteristic absorption of nanoparticles in the FTIR spectra and shift in UV spectra of blend composites revealed the strong interaction between CuS nanoparticles and the polar segments of CT/CTG blend. With the increase in dosage of nanoparticles, a decrease in amorphous domains has been noted in the XRD scans. The uniform distribution of nanoparticles in CT/CTG network has been confirmed by the SEM analysis. HRTEM of the blend composites reveals the formation of hemispherical nanoparticles with a diameter of 15–30 nm. The glass transition temperature of blend composites increased with the addition of nano-CuS in the polymer matrix. Compared to the pure CT/CTG blend, the prepared nanocomposite showed higher thermal stability. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength and hardness of the blend nanocomposites were greatly enhanced by the reinforcement of CuS into the CT/CTG matrix. The AC conductivity and dielectric properties of the nanocomposites increased with the concentration of fillers and the magnitude of these properties was higher than the pure polymer blend.