bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF PROTOCOLS FOR TIMED ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION BY ONE OR TWO ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATIONS AND BY RESYNCHRONIZATION OF OVULATION IN BOS TAURUS INDICUS COWS
Authors: Gaievski Francisco Romano , Kozicki Luiz Ernandes , Talini Rafaela , Kaminski Ana Paula , Bergstein-Galan Tácia Gomes , Weiss Romildo Romualdo
Published: May 2023

The goals were to compare the conception rate in cows subjected to timedartificial insemination (TAI) with one AI, two AIs, or resynchronization (RES), and verify the effects of POF (preovulatory follicle) diameter on the CR. Two hundred and seventyfour cows (Bos taurus indicus) were assigned. In the group with one AI (1AIG; n=88), cows were subjected to intravaginal P4 and EB (2mg, IM) on day zero (D0); PGF2α (500μg, IM) on D7; P4 removal on D8; EB on D9; TAI and ultrasonography for POF diameter measurement on D10; PD (pregnancy diagnosis) and natural service on D41; bull removal on D90; and final PD on D110. The same protocol was used in the two AI (2AIG; n=88), except a second AI 20h after the first AI. The resynchronization group (RESG; n=98) was subjected to the same protocol as 1AIG, except a PD was performed on D40, and the non-pregnant cows received the P4 device and EB; PGF2α on D47; P4 removal on D48; EB was administered on D49; TAI was performed on D50; PD was performed, and bulls were introduced on D80; bulls’ removal on D110; final PD on D160. CR of 50, 58, and 73.4% were observed in 1AIG, 2AIG, and RESG, respectively, increasing to 85.2, 88.6, and 87.7% after natural service. The POF diameter at the first TAI was 12.8, 12.1, and 12.7mm in 1AIG, 2AIG, and RESG, respectively, and 12.6mm in RESG and 13.6mm in 2AIG (P=0.031) at the second AI. Groups 1 and 02 inseminations remained with bulls for 49 days and resynchronization for 30 days. In conclusion, RESG yielded a higher CR than TAI with one or two AIs. AI with follicles larger than 12.1mm resulted in a higher CR.
DIAGNÓSTICO MOLECULAR DA RESISTÊNCIA DE HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS AO GRUPO DOS BENZIMIDAZÓIS EM OVINOS E CAPRINOS NO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO, BRASIL
Authors: Amaral Rodolfo Luiz Godoy do , Guerra Neurisvan Ramos , Santana Ivanise Maria de , Chicoy-Ramirez Yanise , Arenal-Cruz Amilcar , Lima Marilene Maria de , Alves Lêucio Câmara , Molento Marcelo Beltrão , Faustino Maria Aparecida Da Gloria
Published: May 2023

Sheep and goats suffer heavy losses due to the high prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes, mainly from the nematode Haemonchus contortus. The parasite causes high morbidity and mortality, even though, the indiscriminate use of chemicals to control H. contortus has favored the selection of multidrug resistance parasites. Molecular diagnosis of resistance to the benzimidazole (BZs) group is important to indicate substitute strategies of control. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of the mutation at position F200Y of the beta-tubulin gene in seven populations of H. contortus from sheep and goats’ farms from the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Twenty adult H. contortus male worms were recovered for DNAextraction from naturally infected animals, from farms from Recife, Sairé, Camocim deSão Félix, Gameleira, Moreno, Bonito, and Serra Talhada. The primers forward: 5` AAT GCT TCC ACC CTT GTC CAT C 3’, and reverse: 5’ CAA CAA CGG GCA TGA AGA AG 3’ were used to search for the main codon (F200Y) of the beta-tubulin gene to determine BZ resistance. The NC1/ITS-2 forward: 5’ ACG TCT GGT TCA GGG GTT TT 3’ and reverse: 5’ TTA TCT GTT TTT CCT GCC CT 3’ primers were used for confirming H. contortus species. A questionnaire was applied to obtain information on management practices, including the frequency of BZs use. The sequences from the NC1/ITS-2 confirmed the presence of H. contortus from all samples. The F200Y mutation responsible for BZ resistance (TTC/TAC) in H. contortus was found only in the samples from Sairé, as the TTC codon varied from 55.6 to 85.7%. In relation to the questionnaire, producers revealed the absence of quarantine for newly arrived animals; high drug treatment frequency (60-days interval); treatment of the whole flock; the visual estimation of the weight of the animals for dose determination; and high drug rotation. It was also mentioned the lack of veterinary assistance with no use of fecal exams. Even though, all these factors may be essential to increase parasite selection pressure, it was not possible to determine which of those showed a higher risk due to the high number of variables and the small number of participants. This is without any doubt one of the great difficulties to correlate phenotypic drug efficacy data (ex. FECRT) and genotypic-related (ex. PCR) resistance markers in helminths. We have included some risk factors reported by the farmers from Pernambuco and their influences in the process of drug selection, as well as a few strategies to mitigate this situation. The present report constitutes the first record of a molecular diagnosis of the mutation F200Y that confers resistance to the BZ group in ruminants in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil.
Three-dimensional radiotherapy planning in the pelvic region of wild animals
Authors: Silva Diego Andrade , Vettorato Michel De Campos , Rahal Sheila Canevese , Fernandes Marco Antônio Rodrigues
Published: May 2023

Radiotherapy is a medical modality that has been constantly revolutionizing with the offer of three-dimensional computational for treatment planning systems (TPS), providing greater security in the release of the radiation dose in the target volume, improving the therapeutic response and minimizing the radiobiological effects unwanted. The incorporation of modern radiotherapy techniques, along with studies that contribute to the development of radiotherapy protocols in veterinary medicine, may contribute to improve the quality of treatments and survival of animals affected by cancer. A TPS applied in a human radiotherapy clinic was used and the radiometric, clinical and anatomical parameters were adequate for the feasibility of use in veterinary radiotherapy. Tomographic images of the pelvic region of wild animals assisted by the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ/UNESP) were used to perform them. Protocols for the implementation of computational planning in veterinary medicine were verified by analyzing the homogeneity of the radiation dose distribution in the planned treatment volume (PTV) and ensuring the protection of the organs surrounding the PTV. The methodology applied for the use of TPS Eclipse in veterinary radiotherapy planning proved to be feasible, and can present itself as an important tool to improve veterinary oncological therapeutic approaches.
In vitro anthelmintic activity of Polygonum acre (Linnaeus, 1754) extracts against the ruminant nematode Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi, 1803)
Authors: Seyfried Melina , Soldera-Silva Andressa , Campestrini Luciano Henrique , Siebert Diogo Alexandre , Vitali Luciano , Micke Gustavo Amadeu , Zawadzki-Baggio Selma Faria , Molento Marcelo Beltrão , Maurer Juliana Bello Baron
Published: May 2023

The genus Polygonum exhibits a variety of biological and therapeutic properties. The goal of this study was to determine the in vitro anthelmintic activity of Polygonum acre extracts against the nematode Haemonchus contortus, characterizing the phenolic profile of these extracts. Aerial parts of P. acre were subjected to hot aqueous and hydroethanolic extractions obtaining EHW-PA (aqueous) and ETOH-P, (hydroethanolic), respectively. The phenolic content of the extracts was analyzed by using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) and colorimetric assays. The egg hatch test (EHT) and larval migration test (LMT) were used for anthelmintic activity assays. For comparison, chlorogenic acid and rutin were selected for the EHT. The HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of isoquercitrin, myricitrin, quercetin, rosmarinic acid, rutin, and taxifolin in both extracts. EHW-PA and ETOH-PA showed an egg hatch inhibitory effect. EHW-PA had an IC50 of 442.24 µg/mL on the EHT, which was statistically lower (P ≤ 0.05) than ETOH-PA (IC50 = 703.60 µg/mL). Chlorogenic acid had an IC50 of 8.66 µg/mL. Rutin presented no effect over parasite eggs. EHW-PA and ETOH-PA did not show any larvicidal effect. Even though, there is a need of new tests, this study has determined the possibility to develop biofriendly compounds based on Polygonum spp. constituents against H. contortus.
Potential of Urban Green Infrastructure for Climate Change Adaptation in Karongi Town, Rwanda
Authors: D'Amour Nsekanabanga Jean , Nyongesah John Maina
Published: May 2023

Objective: This research aims at analyzing potential for green infrastructures to mitigate the impacts of climate change in Karongi city. Methods: This study used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) software for the multiple criteria decision-making method that was originally developed by Prof. Saaty, ArcGIS data and excel spreadsheet. Five main criteria (Geo-physical, accessibility, blue and green infrastructure, urban land, and Vegetation data), sixteen sub-criteria and climate factors were analyzed. The comprehensive literature review and observation on ground contributed to the selection of criteria. Each criterion was ranked by using scale (1-9). Sub-criteria weighting was performed by using pairwise comparison in AHP. Results: The results indicated that available green infrastructures did not fully facilitate city residents to enjoy their benefits. Additionally, 20 years ago, Karongi city faced a land use decrease in forested areas in favor of built-up space as well as variation in rainfall pattern. Accessibility to urban green infrastructure by urban communities was at a low level, and this was an indication of vulnerability to climate change. Conclusion: The multi-scale planning approach has an impressive contribution in ecological multi-scale connections between various ecological infrastructures offering the prospect of a more sustainable landscape for well-being, biodiversity and adaptability to climate change in Karongi city. Even though these issues may have more importance than a simple term, gathering them under the umbrella of a term like green infrastructure could accentuate their interconnections and dependence on each other, hence providing contribution to climate change adaptation.
National Security Policies of Nigeria and Benin Republic as Strategies for Curbing Cross-border Crimes
Authors: Adenipekun Lawerence Olu
Published: May 2023

This study interrogates the constantly changing nationalsecurity policies of Nigeria and Benin Republic in responseto the cross-border security threats that are currently ravagingthe two West African countries. The common focus in extantliterature is on the diverse transnational organised crimes,with little or no attention paid to the manner in which thesecurity threats have substantially shaped the national securitypolicies of the two states. The study is guided by criticalhuman security theory. Data was collected from primarysources; 13 interviews were conducted in Nigeria and BeninRepublic, which were complimented by direct observationsat the Nigeria-Benin borders. Some data were also derivedfrom secondary sources, and the analysis of data generatedwas essentially qualitative, using descriptive and contentanalyses. Findings show that the security policies of bothcountries are encapsulated in an array of different documentsand that they are, essentially, reactions to the constantlyevolving security threats. The study calls for theharmonisation of border security policies of the twoneighbouring countries in order to successfully rein in oncross-border criminal cartels.
Factors Informing the Voting Behaviour of Teaching Staff of Egbeoba High School Ikole- Ekiti in 2018 Ekiti Gubernatorial Election
Authors: Ebirim Samuel Iheanacho , Ogunleye Matthew Adebayo
Published: May 2023

Since the return of democracy to Nigeria in 1999, politics inEkiti State has been characterised by swings in political andelectoral behaviour in support of the two rival political parties.This has made the political terrain of the state unpredictablein respect of voters’ attitude during elections. This studyexamines the factors that influenced voting behaviour of theelectorates in 2018 governorship election in Ekiti State. Italso examines the interplay between the campaign promisesand voters’ participation during the election. The study furtherascertains whether party identification and gratification havean overriding influence on voting pattern in the 2018governorship election. Data was obtained from both primaryand secondary sources. Focus Group Discussions were usedto sample the opinion of a secondary school teaching staffwho are residents in Ikole-Ekiti, Ekiti State. Primary datagathered were analysed, using content-analysis method. Thestudy discovered that campaign promises increased voters’turnout and stimulated voting behaviour while vote-buyingincreased voter turnout but changes voters’ choice. It was also discovered that militarisation of the election has a lesssignificant role to play in voting patterns.This studyrecommends that vote-buying should be discouraged as itaffects democracy by producing candidates that are notcredible.
Traditional Institutions and Conflict Resolution in Contemporary Africa
Authors: Oladipo Ileola Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

The failure of post-colonial African states in providing solutions to the incessant crises confronting them has been traced to their detachment from their institutional and cultural values. The argument is that modern techniques at resolving internecine conflicts in the continent have not yielded optimal results over the years. Whereas, in traditional African societies, the mechanism put in place to address conflicts prevented the atrophying of the communities and occasioned activities that promoted peace among members of the societies. Traditional Africa’s approaches to conflict resolution are believed to be largely guided by unique norms, values, as well as cultural and traditional settings of the community. These promoted their capacity to co-exist peacefully, to commune together, to respect one another, to forgive and to reconcile. In order to see how these can be replicated in contemporary Africa, research efforts have been dedicated to proffering alternative models that are contextually based, and more suitable for African societies. Therefore, in contribution to the volume of research in this area, this paper examines the indigenous institutions of conflict resolution in traditional African societies using the Yoruba societies as reference points. Specifically focussing on Ipetu-ljesa community in Oriade Local Government area of Osun State, Nigeria, the paper x-rays the role of the indigenous institutions of conflict resolution in Africa, the challenges they face in contemporary times as well as possible ways of engaging this model for conflict resolution in African societies.
Evaluación del consumo y desempeño de corderos en engorda, alimentados con una dieta adicionada con taninos
Authors: Villareal Balderrama José Alfredo , Antillón Ruiz Javier , Ontiveros Chacón Juan Carlos , Carlos Valdez Leonardo , Hernández Cano Hipólito
Published: May 2023

Los taninos son compuestos fenólicos secundarios de elevado peso molecular presentes en la naturaleza. Se encuentran frecuentemente en frutas, árboles, especies  forrajeras templadas y otras especies como sorgo y maíz utilizadas comúnmente en la alimentación del ganado. Recientemente se ha encontrado que la adición de los taninos a dietas de rumiantes favorece la baja fermentación ruminal de la proteína en la dieta, lo que mejoraría el comportamiento productivo en rumiantes. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la adición de taninos en la dieta de corderos en engorda para evaluar el comportamiento productivo. Se utilizaron 32 corderos, 16 machos y 16 hembras con un peso promedio inicial de 23 ± 0.167 kg y 20 ± 0.188 kg, respectivamente. Las unidades experimentales fueron asignadas a uno de los siguientes tratamientos: dieta basal machos (MT1), dieta basal hembras (HT1), dieta basal más 4 g de taninos/kg de alimento machos (MT2) y dieta basal más 4 g de taninos/kg de alimento hembras (HT2).  Para el diseño del experimento se bloqueó por sexo y peso vivo para luego ser asignados al azar a uno de los grupos. Para el total de la prueba solo en los machos se observó que la ausencia de taninos en la dieta incrementó el consumo de materia seca ((P<0.05; CMS) y la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP);  en cuanto a la eficiencia alimenticia (EA) no hubo diferencias entre tratamientos. En general, la presencia de los taninos incidió negativamente en machos pero no en hembras.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v11i1.164
Effect of subsoiler plow leg shape, tillage depth, and tractor speed on some of field Performance Indicators and yield of oats
Authors: Admin  , Aqeel Johny Nassir
Published: May 2023

A field experiment was carried out in the College of the Agriculture / University of Basra to study the effect of four types of subsoiler leg shapes, three tillage depths, and three tractor speeds in draft force, slip percentage, fuel consumption, and mean weight diameter (MWD). A randomized complete block design was used in a factorial experiment for data analysis. The results showed that the serrated edge of 45-degree angle surpassed on straight, serrated edge, 70-degree angle serrated edge, and curved in oat yield by a percentage of 2.4,18 and,21% respectively. However, serrated edge of 45-degree angle recorded less draft force, lower slip percentage, fuel consumption, and main weight mean diameter while the highest values of the previous characteristics were for the straight edge. The results showed that increasing tillage depth led to increasing slip percentage, fuel consumption, and draft force, also the previous characteristic increased with increasing forward speed. It was concluded that the best combination was obtained when using a 45-degree angle serrated edge and the speed of 2.34 km / h which gave the lowest fuel consumption of 8.11 liters/ha. Also, the 45-degree angle serrated edge at 10 cm tillage depth gave the lower fuel consumption of 8.78 liters/ha. Keywords: Subsoiler legs, draft force, fuel consumption, slip percentage, mean weight diameter, oat.
Effect of spraying with Ferti Mar and GROWX AMINO MIX on some chemical characteristics of Citrus aurantium seedlings Citrus aurantium L.
Authors: Mahmoud S. Abdel-Wahed  , Mohammed Ghani Mohsen
Published: May 2023

The experiment was carried out in the Saran-covered nursery of the Department of Horticulture and Landscaping - College of Agriculture and Marshes at Dhi Qar University during the growing season (2021-2022). One-year-old citrus seedlings were obtained as homogeneous in growth as possible from one of the Baghdad governorate nurseries on February 20. \2022 The seedlings were transferred to plastic pots with a capacity of 10 kg (26 cm diameter) filled with an agricultural medium consisting of mixed soil and moss in a ratio of 1:3. The process of servicing the plants was carried out in a similar way, such as pruning, hoeing, fertilizing and irrigation throughout the study period, the study was carried out as a two-factor experiment using the design of sectors Complete Randomization (R.C.B.D)‚ The first factor represented the spraying with Ferti Mar compound at four concentrations (1.5,1,0.5,0) ml per liter-1 and the second factor spraying with the GROWX AMINO MIX compound at four concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3) g per liter-1, and it was sprayed at a rate of three sprays Between one spray and another two weeks, and the results of the study can be summarized as follows: Ferti mar spraying treatments showed a positive effect on most chemical indicators of citrus seedlings. The spraying treatment with a concentration of 1.5 ml L-1 significantly outperformed by registering the highest rate for the character and content of leaves from total chlorophyll, carbohydrates and content of leaves from elements The nutritional value of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium was 59.89 mg, 100 g-1 fresh weight, 11.260%, 1.83%, 0.24%, and 1.98%, respectively.Spraying treatments with Growx amino mix showed a positive effect on most of the chemical indicators of citrus seedlings. The spraying treatment with a concentration of 3 gm l-1 was superior by recording the highest rate of chlorophyll in leaves, carbohydrate percentage in leaves and leaf content of nutrients nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, which amounted to 59 .88 mg 100 g-1 mw, 11.361%, 1.80%, 0.24%, 1.89%, respectively.The interaction treatments between the two factors of the study gave a positive significant effect in most of the studied chemical characteristics. The interaction treatment between the concentration of 1.5 ml L-1 of ertimar and 3 gm L-1 Growx amino mix recorded the best significant results for growth indicators.
Histomorphological Study of the Small Intestine of the European Starling (Sturnus Vulgaris) in Basrah Province
Authors: Thaer  R. Mhalhal  , Shaimaa  Hameed Hassan  , Majdy Faisal Majeed
Published: May 2023

Five European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), which are necessary for this study, were procured from Basrah city. Two anatomical and histological studies were performed on each bird. Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum formed the small intestine's three parts. The ileum was short, the jejunum was large, and the duodenum was U-shaped. We will measure the weight and length, and calculate the ratio of length to weight for the small intestine/bird (IL/BL%) and (IW/BW%) . The small intestine has four tunicae; the mucosa covering with simple columnar cells with goblet cells, which has an oval shape. The mucosa layer descends in thickness from the duodenum to the ileum, whereas the goblet cells will be increased in number in the ileum than in the jejunum and duodenum. We note the difference in the lengths and diameters of the villi in the three parts , where the highest lengths are in the duodenum and the lowest in the ileum
Note on Quercus griffithii Hook.f. & Thomson Ex Miq.: An interesting wild economic plant of North-east India
Authors: Singh Bikarma , Roy Dilip , Barbhuiya Hussain , Daimary Ranjit
Published: May 2023

The present paper deals with the taxonomy, phenology, ecology and distribution of the Quercus griffithii Hook.f. & Thomson ex Miq.
Holy Envy
Authors: Shreiber Maeera Y.
Published: May 2023

This book explores a significant lacuna in the study of interreligious relations. Whereas Jewish-Christian relations have been well examined from theological and historical perspectives, little has been said about the aesthetic implications of these intense encounters. Focusing on the emotional consequences of trafficking in the volatile space of interfaith encounters, this study examines modern and contemporary writers who negotiate the territory between Judaism and Christianity to important aesthetic and conceptual/theological ends. Exploring, from new angles, the unruly space where these two religious traditions intersect and engage, Holy Envy demonstrates what the Jewish Christian borderzone means for aesthetic production and identifies how these creative responses may suggest new ways of thinking about Jewish-Christian relations. Starting with novelists Sholem Asch and Henry Roth, the book shifts to consider a range of poets including Mina Loy, Gertrude Stein, Louis Zukofsky, Karl Shapiro, Denise Levertov, and Leonard Cohen. Understanding how poetry can serve as a site of strong emotional response, Holy Envy tracks some of the complex feelings provoked by interreligious encounters—such as shame and, of course, envy. While recognizing a long overdue need to address a fundamentally Christian narrative underwriting twentieth-century American verse, Holy Envy does more than represent Christianity as an aesthetically coercive force, or as an adversarial other. In bringing together recent accounts of Jewish-Christian relations, affect theory, and poetics, Holy Envy offers new ways into difficult but urgent conversations about interreligious encounters.
Against Redemption
Authors: Baldasso Franco
Published: May 2023

How a shared memory of Fascism and its cultural heritage took shape is still today the most disputed question of modern Italy, crossing the boundaries between academic and public discourse. Against Redemption concentrates on the historical period in which disagreement was at its highest: the transition between the downfall of Mussolini in July 1943 and the victory of the Christian Democrats over the Left in the 1948 general elections. By dispelling the silence around the range of opinion in the years before the ideological struggle fossilized into Cold War oppositions, this book points to early postwar literary practices as the main vehicle for intellectual dissent, shedding new light on the role of cultural policies in institutionalizing collective memory. During Italy’s transition to democracy, competing narratives over the recent traumatic past emerged and crystallized, depicting the country’s break with Mussolini’s regime as a political and personal redemption from its politics of exclusion and unrestrained use of violence. Conversely, outstanding authors such as Elsa Morante, Carlo Levi, Alberto Moravia, and Curzio Malaparte, in close dialogue with remarkable but now neglected figures, stressed instead the cultural continuity between the new democracy and Fascism, igniting heated debates from opposite political standpoints. Their works addressed questions such as the working through of national defeat, Italian responsibility in WWII and the Holocaust, revealing how the social, racial, and gender biases that characterized Fascism survived after its demise and haunted the new born democracy.
An innovative approach to enhance students’ clinical judgment and clinical reasoning abilities
Authors: Abunab Hamzeh Y. , Alfayoumi Imad , Algunmeeyn Abdullah
Published: May 2023

Objective: This study used Fowler’s Model for developing nursing judgment to document an innovative approach to enhance students’ clinical reasoning and judgment by examining the impact of incorporating concept-based learning and concept mapping in a structured classroom alongside clinical activities.Methods: The study employed a pretest-posttest design to collect data from a cohort of 40 junior students enrolled in adult care nursing courses at a private university in Jordan. Self-reporting and observing students’ clinical reasoning and judgment using a questionnaire and the Students’ Performance Aspects of Clinical Judgment Scale were employed.Results: Enhancement in students’ general cclinical reasoning behavior, independence in clinical reasoning and clinical judgment, and clinical judgment abilities were evident.Conclusions: This study provided a workable approach that will broaden academics’ understanding of the contextual factors that may impact students’ clinical reasoning and judgment abilities. It can also enhance deep learning and help desaturate the curriculum.
All Scores Are Not Equal: Evaluating Score Reliability to Improve the Interpretation of Results From Tests of Intelligence in Clinical, Forensic, and School Settings
Authors: Taub Gordon E.
Published: May 2023

Tests of intelligence are administered in clinical, forensic, and school settings. The score most practitioners are familiar with is the Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ). An individual’s FSIQ score is often used for program eligibility and is the most reliable score. In addition to the FSIQ, practitioners often evaluate an examinee’s performance on factor/composite scores. These scores may be used to evaluate an individual’s personal strengths and weaknesses but are less reliable than the FSIQ score. The least reliable scores on an intelligence test are the test’s scaled scores, which are derived from raw scores on individual subtests. It is important for clinicians and practitioners to be aware of the interpretation of scaled scores, but also of their relativly low reliability and higher variability when compared to the FSIQ and factor/composite scores. Because of their lower reliability and variability, clinicians are urged to use extreme caution when interpretating an examinee’s performance on an intelligence test at the scaled score level.
Perioperative Dexamethasone Associated With Decreased Length of Stay After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yoshida Brandon , Piple Amit S. , Wang Jennifer C. , Richardson Mary K. , Christ Alexander B. , Heckmann Nathanael D.
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Dexamethasone is increasingly used after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) to reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and pain. The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationship between perioperative intravenous (IV) dexamethasone and length of stay (LOS) in patients undergoing primary, elective TJA.

Methods:

All patients who underwent TJA from 2015 to 2020 and received perioperative IV dexamethasone were queried from the Premier Healthcare Database. The cohort of patients who received dexamethasone was randomly truncated by a power of 10 and matched in a 1:2 ratio based on age and sex to patients who did not receive dexamethasone. Patient characteristics, hospital factors, comorbidities, 90-day postoperative complications, LOS, and postoperative morphine milligram equivalents were recorded for each cohort. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess differences.

Results:

Overall, 190,974 matched patients were included, 63,658 (33.3%) of whom received dexamethasone and 127,316 (66.7%) did not. The dexamethasone cohort was composed of fewer patients with uncomplicated diabetes (11.6% vs. 17.5%, P < 0.001). Patients who received dexamethasone had significantly decreased mean LOS compared with patients who did not receive dexamethasone (1.66 vs. 2.03 days, P < 0.001). After controlling for confounding variables, dexamethasone was associated with significantly lower risk of pulmonary embolism (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.90, P = 0.003), deep vein thrombosis (aOR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.89, P < 0.001), PONV (aOR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.70 to 0.80, P < 0.001), acute kidney injury (aOR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75 to 0.89, P < 0.001), and urinary tract infection (aOR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.70 to 0.80, P < 0.001). In aggregate, dexamethasone was associated with similar postoperative opioid utilization between cohorts (P = 0.061).

Conclusion:

Perioperative dexamethasone was associated with reduced LOS and decreased postoperative complications including PONV, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, acute kidney injury, and urinary tract infection after TJA. Although perioperative dexamethasone was not associated with notable reductions in postoperative opioid utilization, this study supports the use of dexamethasone to decrease LOS through multifactorial mechanisms beyond decreased pain.
Implementasi Aplikasi Duolingo dalam Meningkatkan Kosa Kata Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Aisyah Nur , Hidayatullah M. Hasan
Published: May 2023

Since English is a subject that all students in Indonesian schools are required to study, schools are under pressure to make studying the language enjoyable for the pupils. The use of the Duolingo app to increase the English vocabulary of Grade 3 A MI Tarbiyatul Islam pupils is discussed in this study. memorizing a language involves memorizing a lot of vocabulary. This study employs a qualitative case study methodology. Four people the head of the madrasa, an English teacher, and two Class 3 A students from MI Tarbiyatul Islam served as the study's informants. Data gathering, data reduction, data display, and conclusions are all used in data analysis. According to the research findings, the Duolingo application can increase students' vocabulary acquisition because of its supporting elements, which include an initial ability analysis, engaging the students' attention, repetition, and practice questions.
Analisis Pembiasaan Harian Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik
Authors: Mufidah Annisa'ul , Sari Yuliati , Widiyanto Bayu
Published: May 2023

Today the lives of Indonesian citizens are experiencing moral degradation, especially among students, this requires the holding of character education. Schools are required to be able to carry out their roles and responsibilities to instill and develop good character values ​​and help students shape and build their character with good values ​​Teachers need to design learning, identify children's level of knowledge, motivate children and make activities learning fun. This research is a type of qualitative research. The approach used is descriptive qualitative to analyze the habituation carried out at SDN Tegal Gede 01. The purpose of this study is to analyze the daily habituation carried out at SDN Tegal Gede 01 towards the formation of students' character. Based on the results of observations and interviews, researchers can conclude that the habits that are carried out at SDN Tegal Gede 01 in developing the character of students are through daily routine activities, spontaneous activities and exemplary activities. Habituation activities carried out in schools can foster a positive attitude in students. Character education not only has a positive impact on students, character education through this habituation also improves the teacher's character or personality in developing core ethical and aesthetic values ​​such as caring, honesty, fairness, responsibility, and respect for self and others
Studi Komparasi Penerapan Kelas Homogen dan Heterogen Terhadap Tingkat Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Hidayah Susilo , Ishari Nurhafid , Ibermarza
Published: May 2023

The study of the phenomenon of Indonesian educational institutions, particularly that at Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Islam Bades Pasirian Lumajang in East Java, discovered a number of phenomena, including the use of homogeneous and heterogeneous classes based on majors and gender, low learning motivation from male homogeneous students, and student learning activity dominated by female students. This study aims to ascertain how students behave in class before to, during, and after learning activities. This homogeneous class is typically used in education under the direction of the ministry of religion to place restrictions on relationships between male and female pupils in accordance with Islamic law.  The paucity of classrooms that can be used for instruction and the small class size are two additional factors that are taken into account when applying it to heterogeneous classes. As can be seen from the aforementioned circumstances, scholars are interested in examining this phenomena because classroom managemen.
Rewards dan Punishments; Indera Pendidikan Integrasi dalam Eksekusi Edukasi Kedisiplinan
Authors: Pratiwi Yani , Mustakim Iqbal , Safruddin Maulidyah , Maemonah
Published: May 2023

A technique used in the teaching and learning process, the application of reward and punishment to pupils in a preventive or repressive manner, and has a significant impact on their behavior and discipline. This study tries to describe how rewards and penalties are used to shape student discipline. A case study-style qualitative research methodology was adopted. In this study, interviews, observation, and documentation were the primary data collection methods. To determine data validity, source triangulation and technical triangulation are used. According to this study, applying rewards will lead to pupils having a disciplined attitude by communicating rewards in the form of prizes and expressing gratitude in the form of gifts. As opposed to using a piecemeal warning system, impulsive warnings, and written warning letters when applying punishment to shape a student's disciplinary attitude. Using process assessments, or evaluations that are applied when the teaching and learning process takes place, such as by observing students' behavior each day while they are in the madrasah environment, is one way to measure the use of rewards and punishments when forming students' discipline attitudes.
Pengembangan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Integrasi Media Monopoli
Authors: Isro'ullaili  , Herianto Edy , Sawaludin
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of applying the Problem Based Learning model assisted by monopoly media on student learning outcomes in class VIII PPKn subjects at SMPN 1 Mataram. The approach used is quantitative with the type of research Quasi Experimental Design with the type of Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study were all 11 graders of class VIII SMPN 1 Mataram. The sample in this study was taken using a purposive sampling technique. So from the 11 classes two classes will be taken as research samples, namely class VIII G (experimental class) and class VIII J (control class). Data collection was carried out by observation and test techniques. The instrument used is a multiple choice test. The test technique used is the pre-test and post-test. The analysis prerequisite test used for the normality test is the Chi Square Test and the homogeneity test uses the Variance Test. To test the hypothesis using the t-test. The results of the study used the t-test at a significance level of 5% where tcount > ttable (4,135 > 1,994) was obtained so that the conclusion was that Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected, meaning that there was an influence of the Media Monopoly Assisted Problem Based Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes in Civics Subjects at SMPN 1 Mataram.
Исследование электро-индуцированного тормозного излучения в воде
Authors: Аракелян В. С. , Баласанян Р. Н. , Григорьян И. Г. , Мужикян П. Г. , Костанян Р. Б.
Published: May 2023

Впервые экспериментально наблюдено явление электро-индуцированной генерации тормозного излучения в воде при воздействии на воду электрическими импульсами с крутыми фронтами. Исследована зависимость интенсивности рентгеновского излучения от частоты следования электрических импульсов и величины разности потенциалов, приложенных к электродам в воде. Предлагается физический механизм возбуждения рентгеновского излучения в воде с образованием квазинейтронов.
The phenomenon of electrically induced generation of bremsstrahlung in water under the influence of electric pulses with steep fronts was experimentally studied for the first time. The dependence of the X-ray intensity on the frequency of electrical pulses and the magnitude of the potential difference applied to the electrodes in water has been studied. Physical mechanism of X-ray excitation in water with the formation of quasi-neutrons is proposed.
Исследование воздействия ультра-фиолетового облучения на характеристики тонких пленок ZnO:Tb
Authors:   Государственное научно-производственное объединение «Научно-практичеcкий центр НАН Беларуси по материаловедению», Зарецкая Е. П. , Гременок В. Ф. ,   Государственное научно-производственное объединение «Научно-практичеcкий центр НАН Беларуси по материаловедению», Малютина-Бронская В. В. ,   Государственное научно-производственное объединение «Оптика, оптоэлектроника и лазерная техника», Минск, Беларусь, Мусаелян М. С. ,   Институт радиофизики и электроники НАН Армении, Аштарак, Армения, Петросян С. Г. ,   Институт радиофизики и электроники НАН Армении, Аштарак, Армения
Published: May 2023

Single phase and highly transparent ZnO:Tb films with a Tb concentration from 0.41 at.% up to 0.78 аt.% were formed on glass and silicon substrates by sol-gel deposition. The effect of ultraviolet radiation on the structural and photoelectric characteristics of n-ZnO:Tb/n-Si structures has been studied.The appearance of a photoelectric effect under the influence of a bias voltage and UV radiation (405 nm and 278 nm) was established, with an increase in its intensity under deep UV radiation (278 nm). It was shown that the concentration of the Tb3+ dopant is the determining factor for increasing the UV photosensitivity of the structures. The experimentally established selective sensitivity of n-ZnO:Tb/n-Si structures to UV radiation with a wavelength of less than 405 nm demonstrates the possibility of their use in UV radiation detectors or sun-blind detectors.
Влияние γ-облучения на полупрозрачный обсидиан серого цвета в области доз от 5 до 500 кГр
Authors: Агамалян Н. Р. , Гамбарян И. А. , Кафадарян Е. А. , Нерсисян М. Н. , Гюласарян А. Т. , Чилингарян Г. Н.
Published: May 2023

Semitransparent gray color obsidian samples (bulk and powder) were irradiated at room temperature by Co60 radiation source with the γ-photon average energy of 1.25 MeV and with different doses from 5 to ~500 kGy. It is known that γ-irradiation influences on the optical properties of glass materials depending on the composition as well as due to the presence of defects in the glass matrix. Analysis of obsidian samples were carried out by the absorption and reflection spectroscopy in the UV, visible and IR ranges, as well as EPR measurements for characterization of semitransparent gray color obsidian depending on the γ-irradiation different doses. The difference transmittance spectra between the pristine sample and those irradiated with different doses made it possible to distinguish three absorption bands at 368, 386, and 442 nm, which are responsible for Fe3+ ions in different environments. The content of hydroxyl OH groups, determined from the absorption in the band at ~4500 cm–1, does not change in the range of used doses. EPR measurements showed three signals with g-factors of ~6.0, ~4.2, and ~2.0 characteristic for Fe3+ ions, the intensities of which increase with increasing irradiation doses. Obsidian turned out to be resistant to the formation of NBOHC paramagnetic defects in the region of the indicated doses of γ-irradiation.
“INTERNET OF THINGS” FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SMART CITY
Authors: Makhat A. B. , Alzhanov A. K.
Published: May 2023

The development of smart cities is a rapidly growing trend, with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology playing a critical role in their implementation. IoT devices, such as sensors and communication networks, allow for the real-time monitoring and analysis of data, which can be used to optimize city services, promote sustainability, and improve public safety. The material and methods used for the development of a smart city using IoT technology, such as planning and design, installation and configuration, data collection and analysis, and maintenance and support, are critical to ensuring the success of the project. By implementing IoT technology, a smart city can be created that is optimized for the needs of its residents and can significantly improve the quality of life in the city. However, challenges such as data security and privacy must also be addressed in the development of smart cities. As such, further research and innovation in the field of IoT and smart cities will be critical for their continued success and advancement.
DESCRIPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROGRAM FOR THE COMPETENCE FORMATION IN PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Syrymbetova D. S. , Umurzakova T. E. , Zhussupova A. R. , Amrenova A. S.
Published: May 2023

The artiсlе disсussеs thе сoncеpt of profеssionаl-spесiаlizеd сompеtеnсiеs, thеir сontеnt, and thеir distinсtive fеаturеs. Тhе vаluе is justifiеd аnd thе dеgrее of еffесtivеnеss of thе usе of а сompеtеnt аpproaсh in thе formаtion of profеssionаl-spесiаlizеd сompеtеnсiеs is rеvеаlеd. Тrаining modеls usеd in thе formаtion of profеssionаl-spесiаlizеd сompеtеnсiеs of undеrgrаduаtе studеnts аrе аnаlyzеd. Тhе rеlеvаnсе of thе study is justifiеd by а soсiаl rеquеst еxprеssеd in domеstiс аnd forеign rеgulаtory doсumеnts rеlаtеd to thе dеvеlopmеnt of profеssionаl, сommuniсаtive сompеtеnсiеs, improving thе quаlity of еduсаtion through pеrsonally oriеntеd lеаrning tесhnologiеs, аnd, аs а result, dеvеloping thе possibility of сitizеns’ pаrtiсipаtion in сontinuous еduсаtion.
USEFUL EXPERIENCE OF ONLINE LEARNING
Authors: Shtro O. G. , Bubnova N. V. , Sautbaeva A. K.
Published: May 2023

It is hardly imagine our world without Internet: modern technologies have penetrated into different spheres from common life to industrial enterprises. The other place, where applications of IT are widely used, seems to be education. The online learning combined with the involvement of a wide variety of methods in training different subjects (including English) has become a leading dominant in modern education during the pandemic COVID-19. This useful experience will allow to implement it now in different situations, that can immerge unexpectedly or sometimes just for convenience. Being skillful and equipped with corresponding platforms (such as ZOOM, Moodle, Teams, Kahoots and many others) and methods suitable in such situations, teacher can make up an atmosphere of communication based on diverse activities online. The natural environment of speaking the language being studied will be the most effective type of interaction of students within the framework of online lesson. Basic knowledge is the basis for obtaining new competences through discussion of certain topical issues using the tasks set by teacher as well as through illustrative, audio and video materials which are more available in this case. Besides the teacher plays an important role as a mentor of students' communicative activity and creating a favorable atmosphere for the active involvement of all participants into the process of language acquisition in specific conditions online. The integrative approach will allow to highlight the most significant details in both advantages and disadvantages of online training and to analyze them respectively. Taking into consideration the obtained experience there is a certain possibility to summarize it in the frames of this article.
SOCIAL MEDIA AND CHILDREN: CYBERBULLYING, ITS CONSEQUENCES AND IMPACT
Authors: Zhubandykov K. S.
Published: May 2023

We can say that now social media is at the peak of its capabilities. But you need to remember that social media has both a positive side and a negative one. This issue is particularly acute when it comes to vulnerable sections of society, such as children and adolescents. UNICEF researchers cite statistics that every year 175,000 children find themselves on the Internet for the first time. At the moment, it is known that every third Internet user is a child. Despite this, we cannot fully ensure their safety. The issue of quality online content also remains relevant. In this regard, one of the main problems in the development of social media is cyberbullying.
ANALYSIS OF GENDER POLICY IN THE MODERN WORLD
Authors: Mankosheva Zh. K.
Published: May 2023

Gender policy is something that is little talked about among the population in different countries. However, when it is mentioned, no one seems to know what gender policy means. The Collins English Dictionary says that gender politics is a debate about the roles and relationships of men and women. The definition of gender policy can cause outrage in the political community because it pits men and women against each other. Pitting men and women against each other is like putting a lion and a tiger in a cage and enjoying it. In connection with the upcoming elections, I would like everyone to know about gender bias. I believe there is a large amount of gender bias because gender bias is widespread in our society.