bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of CsPbBr₃ Decorated ZIF-8 Nanocomposite for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Thomas Alen Sam , Immanuel Philip Nathaniel , Prasad Neena , Goldreich Achiad , Prilusky Jonathan , Yadgarov Lena
Published: February 2025

CsPbBr₃ (CPB) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted considerable interest due to their outstanding charge carrier mobility, long diffusion lengths, and efficient visible light absorption, making them ideal candidates for photocatalysis, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, and photodetectors. However, their practical applications are limited by poor environmental stability. We employed a metal-organic framework (MOF) to address this challenge as a stabilizing matrix, selecting ZIF-8 for its exceptional thermal and chemical stability, high surface area, and versatile synthesis routes. The CPB/ZIF-8 nanocomposite was synthesized by integrating hot-injection-produced CPB nanocrystals with ZIF-8 using an optimized mixing approach, ensuring a uniform NCs distribution. Electron microscopy (EM) analysis confirmed the well-controlled and uniform distribution of the NCs on the surface of the ZIF-8. Moreover, the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed ligand exchange, where the imidazole linkers of the ZIF-8 structure replace the NCs ligands. The process promotes almost epitaxial attachment of the latter, thus promoting effective charge interactions in the integration process. The unshifted absorbance spectra verified the preservation of optical activity, whereas a 92% quenching in photoluminescence (PL) indicated efficient charge separation and reduced electron-hole recombination. To investigate charge transfer mechanisms, photocatalytic dye degradation under visible light irradiation was employed using methyl orange (MO) and bromocresol green (BCG) as model dyes. The CPB/ZIF-8 nanocomposite exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance, achieving 1.48 and 1.75 times higher degradation rates for MO and BCG, respectively, compared to pristine CPB NCs. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies demonstrated superior radical generation capabilities, particularly hydroxyl radicals (•OH), further confirming enhanced charge transfer and photocatalytic efficiency. These findings underscore the synergistic interaction between CPB NCs and ZIF-8, positioning the CPB/ZIF-8 nanocomposite as a promising material for photocatalysis and optoelectronic applications.
On the Influence of Remote Substituents on Stereoselectivity: alpha-Galactosylation via Intramolecular Hydrogen-bonding to beta-Triflate
Authors: Donaghy Kate , Pepe Dionissia , Ruddy Joseph , McGarrigle Eoghan
Published: February 2025

The underlying roles of remote substituents in the stereochemical control of the formation of acetals and related reactions have been heavily debated. The competing prevailing theories were inconsistent with some of the trends reported herein. Specifically, electron-poor benzoate groups at the 4-position of a galactosyl donor gave unexpectedly high alpha-stereoselectivities in galactosylations. A Hammett study and DFT calculations led us to propose that non-classical intramolecular hydrogen-bonding to the beta-glycosyl triflate can rationalize the selectivities observed. Using a para-nitrobenzoate protecting group at position 4 of galactosyl donors gave high alpha-selectivities in the synthesis of galactosides. Benzyl, silyl, allyl and carbamate groups were tolerated. The utility of this protocol was demonstrated in >10 examples, including a gram-scale example and a trisaccharide.
Active Metasurface Thermal Emitters by Metallic Polymers
Authors: Chen Ting-Hsuan , Li Qizhang , Wu Xubing , Hulle Kyle , Hung Pei-Jan , Fan Qingsong , Fu Ching-Tai , Hsu Po-Chun
Published: February 2025

Conducting polymers (CPs) have been a versatile and effective material for dynamically controlling optical properties with applications ranging from electrochromic windows and displays to variable infrared (IR) emittance devices and terahertz modulators. In particular, its biocompatibility, flexibility, reversibility, solution-processability, and non-volatile switching make it suitable for radiative thermoregulation under various application scenarios. However, the current CPs for variable thermal emittance devices largely have low conductivity and are limited to thin film configuration, resulting suboptimal emissivity tunability. Here, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate CPs with extraordinary optical conductivity and properly designed metasurface structure can outperform the conventional counterparts. The IR emissivity tunability is achieved by synthesizing solution-processable polyaniline doped with camphor sulfonic acid (PANI-CSA) and characterizing the complex refractive indices at its conducting and insulating state. A forward-designed broadband wide-angle metasurface emitter based on asymmetric Fabry-Pérot cavity and gap surface plasmon resonance effectively utilizes the lossy dielectric properties at its insulating state for the high-emissivity mode. When switched to the conducting state, the metasurface becomes highly metallic and reflective, resulting in the low-emissivity mode. This study marks a new approach as we perform the co-design of macromolecular and photonic structure to enable solution-processable active metasurfaces.
Light-Activated Nanobumps: Photoresponsive Low-Density Azobenzene Self-Assembled Monolayers
Authors: Ishikawa Daisuke , Hara Masahiko
Published: February 2025

Controlling the interfacial properties of organic materials using external stimuli is crucial for applications in adhesion, tribology, and electrochemistry. In particular, light irradiation provides a precise, non-contact method for dynamically manipulating molecular structures and surface morphology. Azobenzene-based photoresponsive self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) undergo reversible trans–cis isomerization, inducing conformational changes. However, conventional SAMs form densely packed structures that restrict the free volume required for efficient isomerization. To address this limitation, reducing molecular packing density is essential to achieving functional surface responses to light irradiation. This study addressed the challenge of constructing azobenzene-based photoresponsive low-density SAMs by controlling their formation kinetics. We demonstrate that combining bulky substituents in azobenzenethiol with kinetic control of SAM formation enables the creation of low-density SAMs capable of dynamic surface morphological changes upon photoisomerization. Unlike conventional densely packed SAMs, where the azobenzene moieties remain static, the proposed approach facilitates the reversible emergence and disappearance of nanoscale "nanobumps.” X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses confirm this behavior results from a combination of molecular packing density and thiolate binding states, which are absent in conventional high-density SAMs. This study offers new insights into the design of functional photoresponsive surfaces and presents a strategy for developing light-controllable interfacial systems with potential applications in molecular switches and adaptive coatings.
Operando Spectroscopic Insights into the Key Role of Phase Engineering in Cobalt Diselenide for Overall Water Electrolysis
Authors: Zhao Yonggui , Dongfang Nanchen , Erni Rolf , Iannuzzi Marcella , Patzke Greta R.
Published: February 2025

Identification of the true catalytically active species/sites holds the key to new catalyst design. In this study, combination of complementary operando surface/bulk sensitive spectroscopic techniques and density functional theory (DFT) calculations establish a clear picture of the structure-activity relations in marcasite- and pyrite-type CoSe2 for overall water splitting. Our results reveal that under acidic conditions marcasite CoSe2 undergoes slight surface corrosion, producing disordered [CoSe6] motifs with the active Se sites for catalyzing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In contrast, during the alkaline HER, the marcasite CoSe2 initially interacts with the electrolyte to reconstruct an O-rich covered surface, which subsequently undergoes potential-driven restructuring to generate the metallic cobalt species as the true active species. Such dynamic changes of the active species/sites along with variations in pH values were not observed in pyrite CoSe2, either with or without heteroatom substitution, highlighting the significant importance of phase engineering in managing the HER kinetics. Further operando spectroelectrochemical monitoring demonstrates that the in situ generation of highly disordered Co4+ species is a common denominator of CoSe2 catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This study directly evidences the dynamic influence of local coordination geometries of the catalytic active centers on the underlying catalytic reaction kinetics.
Sistemas de información geográfica aplicados a la consulta previa en Bolivia
Authors: Mencías Bedoya Javier Armando
Published: February 2025

Los sistemas de información geográfica (SIG) se emplean en gran variedad de trabajos con grupos humanos, entre los cuales la consulta previa —en materia minera— es uno de los que más precisión y detalle requiere, dada la sensibilidad del tema entre las naciones y pueblos indígenas originarios y campesinos (NPIOC) de Bolivia. El presente documento constituye un ejemplo de aplicación de los SIG, en un caso hipotético, con el objetivo de exponer el procedimiento probado y aplicado con éxito en trámites de relevamiento de información sociocultural entre los años 2019 y 2020 para ayudar a mejorar el proceso de consulta previa en la etapa de identificación de sujetos de consulta para proyectos mineros. El procedimiento incluye el preprocesamiento de información en gabinete (fuentes abiertas de información geoespacial), la obtención de datos en campo (con herramientas y aplicaciones diseñadas para dispositivos inteligentes) y posprocesamiento de la información generada (mediante análisis vectoriales en programas de SIG). Este enfoque determina las afectaciones, e identifica y perfila a los sujetos de consulta, entendidos como las poblaciones que poseen derechos colectivos a proteger.
Ion homeostasis in the regulation of intracellular pH and volume of human erythrocytes
Authors: Dotsenko О. І. , Taradina G. V.
Published: February 2025

Background: Cell volume maintenance by regulating the water and ion content is crucial for the survival and functional fullness of human erythrocytes. However, cells are incredibly complex systems with numerous, often competing, reactions occurring simultaneously. Hence, anticipating the overall behavior of the system or acquiring a new understanding of how the subcomponents of the system interact might pose a considerable challenge in the absence of employing mathematical modeling methods.

Objectives: Creation of a mathematical metabolic model of erythrocyte ion homeostasis to study the mechanisms of erythrocyte volume stabilization and intracellular pH in in vitro experiments.

Material and Methods: The mathematical model was developed using general approaches to modeling cellular metabolism, which are based on systems of ordinary differential equations describing metabolic reactions, passive and active ion fluxes. The generation of the model and all computations, relying on the model, were executed utilizing the COPASI 4.38 simulation environment. Changes in intracellular pH, Na+/K+-ATPase, and Ca2+-ATPase activities of donor erythrocytes incubated in saline solutions in the absence and presence of Ca2+ ions were used to test the model.

Results: The kinetic model of erythrocyte ion homeostasis was created. Using realistic parameters of the system changes over time in cell volume, concentrations of metabolites, ions fluxes and transmembrane potential were calculated. The simulation results were used to analyze the reasons for changes in the resistance to acid hemolysis of erythrocytes under the conditions of their incubation in saline solutions of different compositions.

Conclusion: We show that cation homeostasis in erythrocytes is maintained mainly by the active movement of Na+ and K+ through Na+, K+-ATPase, combined with relatively lower passive permeability through other transport pathways. In the presence of Ca2+ ions and the activation of potassium release through Gardos channels, the cell volume is stabilized due to a change in the transmembrane potential and activation of electrodiffusion ion fluxes. The study demonstrated that the reduction in acid resistance of erythrocytes during incubation in a saline solution is associated with a decrease in their cell volume, whereas the increase in acid resistance during incubation in the presence of Ca2+ ions is linked to the activation of the Na+/H+ exchanger.
Age-related differences in the effect of intermittent fasting on the morphofunctional parameters of the rat's pancreas
Authors: Yanko R.V.
Published: February 2025

The effectiveness of using intermittent fasting (IF) to activate pancreas function is not clear. One of the reasons for this may be differences in the use of IF mode, the duration of the experiment, as well as the involvement of animals of different ages in the experiment. Also, the question of how pronounced is the effect of the use of IF to increase the functional activity of the pancreas in the elderly remains open. The aim of the work was to investigate and compare the morphofunctional changes in the pancreas of rats of different ages after exposure to IF and to evaluate the prospects of its use as a means to correct pronounced age-related decreases in gland function. Experiments were performed on 40 male rats aged 3 and 15 months. Experimental animals were exposed to IF, namely, 1 day – complete fasting / 2 days – standard diet. Access to water was free. The duration of the experiment was 28 days. Histological preparations were made from pancreas tissue according to the standard method. Histomorphometry was carried out using the computer program "Image J". Research was conducted in accordance with the provisions of the "European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes" (Strasbourg, 1986). It was found that exposure to IF for 28 days led to the appearance of clearly expressed morphofunctional signs of increased activity of the pancreas in adult rats. The endocrine function of the gland increased in particular, as evidenced by a probable increase in the relative area of the endocrine part (by 108%), the average number of Langerhans islets (by 44%), the size of the islets, the number of endocrinocytes located in them (by 20%), and a decrease in the concentration of glucose in the blood. In young animals, on the contrary, IF reduced the activity of both exo- and endocrine (to a greater extent) part of the gland. The effect of IF reduced the amount of connective tissue in the pancreas of rats of different ages. The obtained data can be used to improve the function of the pancreas in adults and the elderly, as well as in the prevention of age-related chronic diseases of the gland accompanied by the appearance of fibrosis. At the same time, the use of IF at a young age is not desirable.
Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R.Br. (Orchidacea) in the "Gorgany" Nature Reserve: population monitoring studies and complex characteristics of the habitat
Authors: Polataiko T. I. , Bezrodnova O. V.
Published: February 2025

For the first time, for the territory of the nature reserve "Gorgany" on the example of the permanent trial area No. 1, a complex characteristic of a typical post-forest meadow was compiled: based on the results of the ecomorphic analysis of the partial flora, its ecological specificity was revealed; according to the data of the weight analysis and the indicators of the projective cover, information was obtained about the features of the spatial organization of the vegetation cover; on the basis of phytoindication, the indicators of the ecological regimes of the edaphotope and climatope were calculated; the structure of the cenopopulation of Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R.Br., was investigated and the degree of compliance of the growing conditions with the tolerance zone of this species was revealed. The phytosozological value of the trial area is due to the presence of seven species from the Red Book of Ukraine: Gymnadenia conopsea, Dactylorhiza majalis (Rchb.) P.F.Hunt Summerh., Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich., Neottia ovata (L.) Hartm.., Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz, Traunsteinera globosa (L.) Rchb., Galanthus nivalis L.. It was found that the spatial organization of the plant cover is heterogeneous, the indicators of the weight analysis fluctuate in a significant range. The studied area corresponds to fresh forest-meadow ecotopes with complete wetting of the root layer of the soil by precipitation and meltwater. The soils are moderately aerated, weakly acidic, quite rich in mineral salts, but with an insignificant content of carbonates and relatively poor in terms of mineral nitrogen. Such conditions of the edaphotope are favorable for the existence of mesophytes, hemihydrocontrastophobes, subacidophiles, heminitrophiles, hemiaerophobes, subombrophytes, hemioceanists, submicrotherms, hemicryophytes. It was established that the indicators of the ecological regimes of the edaphotope and climatotope are, in general, within the tolerance zone of G. conopsea, but for the regimes of lighting, variability of moisture, aeration and acidity, they approach the limit of the ecological amplitude of the species. A positive factor for its existence is the presence of a formed litter layer (450-500 g per 1 m2 of air-dry weight); absence of dense turf (less than 180 g per 1 m2), absence (or insignificant development) of layers of semi-shrubs and mosses. The number of generative individuals has remained relatively stable for several years, although we can talk about a certain tendency to decrease.
The effect of artificial mycorrhization on the growth and development of plants in a vegetation experiment
Authors: Vinnikova O.I.
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, numerous commercially available biological preparations based on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are suggested for practical use in agriculture. The potential benefits of inoculating soils with AM fingi for crop production have been shown in many studies. However, the level of the universality of such preparations, i.e. the effectiveness of artificial mycorrhization using one particular fungi species for different agricultural plants, still remains unclear. The aim of present study was to assess the possibility and effectiveness of artificial mycorrhization of tomatoes and wheat under in a vegetation experiment. The effects of adding preparation Mycoplant, which contains propagules of endomycorrhizal fungi, to the soil on seed germination, plant morphometric parameters, and the concentration of chlorophyll in wheat and tomato leaves were assessed. Seeds of wheat lines isogenic for Vrn genes of the Myronivska 808 variety and two varieties of tomatoes - the early-ripening Kremenchutsky rannij variety and the late-ripening Ace variety were used in the experiment. The use of Mycoplant stimulated the germination of wheat seeds: the wheat plants sprouted earlier and moved through the consequent stages of development earlier than in control. However, an opposite effect took place on the germination of tomato seeds. The treatment with Mycoplant caused an overall tendency to increase of morphometric parameters in wheat isogenic lines Vrn-A1a and Vrn-D1a at different stages of plant growth and development; that correlated with the formation of surface mycorrhiza on the roots. The positive effect of artificial mycorrhization on the photosynthesis was established only for the isogenic line Vrn-D1a, and only at the stage of grain filling. In tomatoes the formation of arbuscular mycorrhiza due to Mycoplant treatment was observed, but no positive effect on the morphometric parameters or chlorophyll concentration in leaves was detected. The maximum frequency of occurrence of mycorrhiza was found in tomatoes of the Kremenchugskii rannijy variety, and the maximum intensity of mycorrhizal formation was found in experimental series of the late-ripening Ace variety.
Second-order polynomial interpolation filters for image demosaicking with perceptual-based tone mapping and quantum-inspired optimization
Authors: Anitha Mary C.
Published: February 2025

An innovative method for image demosaicking is introduced, leveraging perceptual-based tone mapping, secondorder polynomial interpolation filters, and Quantum-Inspired Optimization to achieve superior image reconstruction quality. The proposed approach integrates an Autoregressive Wavelet Water Optimization (WWO) algorithm to determine coefficients for second-order polynomial filters within the LPA-ICI framework. Simultaneously, a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (Deep CNN) is employed to generate residual images, capturing intricate features. The outputs of the interpolation-based method and the Deep CNN are fused using an entropy-based metric, resulting in enhanced visual quality and reduced artifacts in the demosaicked images. Perceptual-based tone mapping is applied to address brightness discrepancies, ensuring luminance accuracy and improved image realism. Additionally, Quantum-Inspired Optimization enhances the efficiency and robustness of the filtering process. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in reconstruction accuracy, making the proposed method a promising alternative for applications requiring precise and visually appealing demosaicking. Future work will explore the extension of this method to multispectral images and address the challenges of real-time processing.
Enhancing Practical Teaching Models for College Students Through Industry-University Cooperation
Authors: Lyu Meng
Published: February 2025

With the rapid development of higher education, industry-university cooperation has emerged as a crucial approach to enhancing the practical and innovative abilities of college students. However, the current practical teaching model for college students faces significant challenges and problems in the context of industry-university collaboration. On one hand, the teaching model suffers from fundamental deficiencies, including a disconnect between theory and practice, low levels of enterprise participation, and insufficient cultivation of students’ practical abilities. On the other hand, specific issues such as a single cooperation model, mismatched teaching content with enterprise requirements, and a lack of practical platforms further constrain the effective enhancement of students’ practical skills. Experimental testing conducted in this study revealed that the measures applied to the experimental group positively impacted students’ practical and innovative abilities, leading to higher innovation scores in the experimental group compared to the control group.
Research on the Strategies of Construction and Utilization of School Sports Facilities in the Context of a Strong Sports Nation
Authors: Wang Dui
Published: February 2025

Building a strong sports nation is the goal and task of reforming and developing China’s sports work in the new era. With the continuous advancement of China’s education reform, the education sector has paid more attention to sports. Schools are the cradle for cultivating future pillars, especially school sports facilities, which are important carriers for cultivating students’ healthy bodies and shaping a good lifestyle. Their construction and management are of irreplaceable importance for achieving the goal of national fitness and promoting social harmony and stability. Therefore, in this context, the discussion and analysis of the current status and development path of school sports facilities in the construction of a strong sports nation can fully improve China’s school education in the new era, and at the same time contribute to the long-term development of China’s sports industry.
Improved YOLOv8-based Marine Life Detection Algorithm
Authors: Li Qiang , Xu Boyan , Zhu Chong Hua , Liang Xiongjie , Weng Ziying , Lin Guiming
Published: February 2025

Aiming at the problems of insufficient feature extraction ability for small targets, complex image background, and low detection accuracy in marine life detection, this paper proposes a marine life detection algorithm SGW-YOLOv8 based on the improvement of YOLOv8. First, the Adaptive Fine-Grained Channel Attention (FCA) module is fused with the backbone layer of the YOLOv8 network to improve the feature extraction ability of the model. This paper uses the YOLOv8 network backbone layer to improve the feature extraction capability of the model. Second, the Efficient Multi-Scale Attention (C2f_EMA) module is replaced with the C2f module in the Neck layer of the network to improve the detection performance of the model for small underwater targets. Finally, the loss function is optimized to Weighted Intersection over Union (WIoU) to replace the original loss function, so that the model is better adapted to the target detection task in the complex ocean background. The improved algorithm has been experimented with on the Underwater Robot Picking Contest (URPC) dataset, and the results show that the improved algorithm achieves a detection accuracy of 84.5, which is 2.3% higher than that before the improvement, and at the same time, it can accurately detect the small-target marine organisms and adapts to the task of detecting marine organisms in various complex environments.
Simulated Calculation and Measured Analysis on the Spot with the 750 kV Transformer Switch-In with Load
Authors: Zhang Licheng , Li Shan , Sun Bing
Published: February 2025

Through an example of a main transformer switch-in with load during the reverse transmission of a 750 kV power plan, the paper introduces the basic principle of transformer switch-in with load. EMTPE program that is used to establish a calculation model, at the same time mainly considers the excitation characteristics of the transformer, the transient model of the circuit breaker, and the model of high voltage transformer, and calculated the inrush current with transformer switch-in with load in this plan. During system debugging in the plan, the two sets of main transformers passed the closing and opening test, and the data of inrush current in the test are recorded and analyzed. The simulation calculation and measured data show that the results are consistent. The simulation calculation also shows that it is not recommended to perform on-load closing of the transformer except for special circumstances, because of the influence of hysteresis characteristic when the transformer was switched in with load or the terminal voltage of the transformer resumed normal level from a low one after an external near-end fault was cleared, which various transformer differential protection using the characteristics of inrush to implement block scheme may mal-operate.
Analysis of Power Marketing Strategies for Market-Oriented Thermal Power Enterprises
Authors: Wang Weiyu
Published: February 2025

For thermal power enterprises, the traditional business model of scale expansion and a single product line restricts the development of electricity marketing. Therefore, to achieve the transformation and upgrading of their electricity marketing, this study starts from the current situation of the electricity market and introduces in detail the market-oriented electricity marketing strategies of thermal power enterprises from four aspects: product strategy, price strategy, channel strategy, and promotion strategy. The analysis finds that a market-oriented electricity marketing strategy is not only an inevitable choice for thermal power enterprises to respond to current challenges but also an essential path for them to move toward high-quality development. Through continuous innovation and upgrading, thermal power enterprises will maintain a leading position in fierce market competition, achieve sustainable development, and make greater contributions to the prosperity and development of the energy industry.
The Road of “Coal to Gas” in the Transformation of Energy Structure — Current Status and Strategic Suggestions for Foshan City’s Policy Implementation
Authors: Chen Wanyi , Huang Yifeng
Published: February 2025

Under the guidance of national policies, the “coal to gas” project has become one of the important measures to promote the transformation of energy structure in China. Foshan, an important industrial town in Guangdong province, the implementation of the “coal to gas” policy has demonstrated significance for the optimization of the national energy structure. Through the analysis of the change in Foshan’s energy consumption structure and the implementation of the policy, this paper found that there were some challenges in the policy implementation process, such as high economic cost, lagging infrastructure, low social acceptance, and lack of technical personnel. To address this, suggestions are put forward, including increasing financial subsidies, improving laws and regulations, promoting technological innovation, and encouraging social inclusion policies. These recommendations aim to provide guidance and reference for the remaining “coal to gas” projects and the development of clean energy.
Development of Virtual Simulation System Based on Motion Control Card and Unity Platform
Authors: Wen Shuangquan , Wang Pengxiong
Published: February 2025

Digital twin can simulate and monitor the state and behavior of physical entities in the real world, helping enterprises to better understand and manage real-world physical systems, improve production efficiency, reduce costs, and improve safety and reliability. In this paper, we use GTS motion control card and Unity engine to build a digital twin system, and control a virtual industrial automation handling platform including two screw servo axes and multiple sensors through the physical GTS motion control card. The control card program controls the motion of the virtual model through transmission control protocol (TCP) communication, and the virtual model system feeds back the signal to the control card program to achieve the virtual and real synchronous digital twin effect. The digital twin system uses Unity engine to create a highly realistic virtual environment, and can run on multi-platform terminals.
Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline with Hydrothermally Synthesized Pure-Phase BiFeO3
Authors: Liu Lebing
Published: February 2025

Tetracycline pollution poses an increasing global threat to both aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity due to its extensive use in aquaculture, livestock farming, and human disease prevention. In this study, pure-phase BiFeO3 was synthesized using the hydrothermal method. Various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were employed to analyze the material’s crystal structure, surface morphology, and electron valence states. A 120-minute photocatalytic degradation experiment on tetracycline (TC) demonstrated that the pure-phase BiFeO3 achieved a degradation efficiency of approximately 27%. The primary degradation mechanism was attributed to the generation of •OH (hydroxyl radicals) during the photocatalytic reaction, with h+ (holes) playing a synergistic role. The energy band structure and photocatalytic mechanism of pure-phase BiFeO3 were further analyzed using Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS-DRS). Cycling tests indicated that pure-phase BiFeO3 maintained chemical stability, highlighting its potential for large-scale applications.
Вияв та зміна в емоційних процесах і спроможності дівчат протидіяти стресу під час змішаного навчання з фізичного виховання в закладі вищої освіти
Authors: Banakh Volodymyr
Published: February 2025

Relevance. Physical education in higher education institutions still fails to fully address the societal tasks assigned to it, despite its effectiveness and high potential. Objective. To determine the features of the manifestation and changes in emotional processes, as well as the ability of girls to cope with stress during blended physical education in higher education institutions. Research Methods. The study involved 100 girls aged 17,4±0,9 years, all belonging to the primary medical group and starting their education in a higher education institution at the time of the research. Empirical data were collected using psychodiagnostic testing methods based on written surveys. The surveys included questionnaires commonly used in psychological research and physical education studies across various population groups. The survey results allowed the assessment of the girls’ stress resistance and changes in emotional processes, such as well-being, activity, mood, and personal anxiety. These parameters were measured in the same participants throughout their entire education period, with the first year being an exception, as testing was conducted twice: at the beginning (October) and the end (May-June) of the academic year. Results. Changes in the girls’ well-being, activity, mood, and personal anxiety during each academic year exhibited distinctive features, primarily related to the varying parameters of these indicators. However, changes throughout the entire study period showed a general trend: a decline during the first year of education, improvement (particularly in the third year), followed by deterioration in the final year. Regarding the girls' ability to cope with stress, annual changes were characterized by varying levels of this indicator. The overall trend for the entire study period revealed a medium-level ability to cope with stress. Conclusions. Taking these findings into account when designing the content of physical education programs for blended learning can enhance their effectiveness in achieving stated goals. Additionally, these insights will support the selection of appropriate means and parameters of physical activity, ensuring personalization.
Використання анімаційних прийомів у розвʼязанні педагогічної проблеми перемоги в організації фізкультурно-оздоровчих та спортивних заходів
Authors: Nikolaichyk Olha , Tsybanyuk Oleksandra
Published: February 2025

Topicality. In sports activities, particularly at elite levels, the primary goal of an athlete is victory. This desire sometimes leads to a willingness to win at any cost, even at the expense of health, moral norms, instances of aggression, intrigue, and more. Concurrently, research has concluded on the role of systematic sports engagement, including participation in competitive activities, in broadening the range of life skills acquired and fostering global citizenship. Relevant “life skills” have been identified that athletes should acquire through their experiences. The Aim and Methods of the research involved a complex set of methodologies: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, abstraction and specification, systematization, classification, generalization, etc.) and specific scientific methods such as terminological analysis and logical-systematic analysis. These methods ensured the logical flow of the research, from gathering and preparing factual material to setting research tasks, searching for their solutions, and obtaining results. The Research Results. The results of the study determined that victory is a real or perceived gain, achievement, or advantage. It was elucidated that the content of physical education and sports events involves the implementation of game-based and competitive methods, where the main focus is on fair play, honorable competition, and a chivalrous attitude towards opponents. It was demonstrated that modern coaches, sports animators, and teachers utilize game-based and competitive activities to address the challenge of achieving victory. The concept of the “winner's state” was identified, where the ability to embody this state oneself and transmit it to teammates, for instance through teamwork, represents an optimal approach to achieving goals. In Conclusion, among the animation techniques for fostering the ability to experience victory are prize selection and motivational reminders, developing the ability to celebrate others' victories through collective chanting, rituals like “Shaking”, “Stream” and “Round Dance” tactile greetings (hugs, shoulder taps, encouraging eye contact, etc.).
Analysis of Basic Accounting Concepts in Terms of Value Concept According to General Communiqué on Accounting System Application (MSUGT) Applied in Türkiye
Authors: Erturan İlkay Ejder
Published: February 2025

Accounting is a science and art that records, classifies, summarizes, reports, analyzes and comments on the transactions of a business that can be expressed in money and presents them to information users. As can be understood from the definition, the first thing that comes to mind when accounting is mentioned is numbers. It is perceived as recording the numbers that give life to accounting and make it meaningful. Accounting records financial events and makes them concrete. It provides useful, timely, accurate and clear information. Accounting presents this information to information users according to certain rules. The basic concepts of accounting constitute the essence of accounting. These concepts add clarity and value to accounting. In this study, the subject of value, which is considered as the subject of philosophy and is discussed by many branches of science today, has been examined by associating it with accounting concepts. In this study, the basic concepts of accounting and the value relationship have been examined and the results have been tried to be presented in this context. There are many studies conducted by selecting from among the basic concepts of accounting. These studies, especially on valuation, have been associated with the selected basic concepts. However, the value and contribution they create have not been emphasized much by considering all of the basic concepts. For this reason, the basic accounting concepts were explained one by one and the value they provide to the accounting process was examined in this study.
Vergi Uzmanlarının Perspektifinden Vergi Okuryazarlığının Geliştirilmesi: Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Öksüz Mehmet , Doğan İbrahim Ali Cem
Published: February 2025

Bireylerin ekonomik ve toplumsal yaşamda daha aktif bir rol üstlenmelerine olanak tanıyan vergi okuryazarlığı, vergi sistemine ilişkin bilgi, beceri ve anlayış düzeylerini içeren çok boyutlu bir yetkinliktir. Bu kavram, bireylerin vergiyle ilgili metinleri okuma ve anlama becerilerinin yanı sıra, bu bilgiyi pratikte uygulayarak vergi sorumluluklarını etkin bir şekilde yerine getirme yetkinliğini de içermektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin vergi okuryazarlığı düzeylerini artırmak için vergi uzmanlarının bakış açısı doğrultusunda öneriler geliştirmektir. Çalışmada nitel yöntem olarak mülakat tekniği kullanılmış ve vergi okuryazarlığı konusunda uzman olan Çanakkale’deki çeşitli kurumlarda görevli katılımcılardan veriler toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, özetleyici içerik analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin vergi okuryazarlığı konusundaki bilgi eksikliklerini, öğrencilerin vergi okuryazarlığı konusuna ilgisizliğini ve vergi sisteminin karmaşıklığının bilgi eksikliklerini derinleştirdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Vergi okuryazarlığı derslerinin müfredatta yer alması gereği ile vergi haftasının etkisinin artırılmasının önemi tartışılmış, sosyal medya ile internetin vergi okuryazarlığını geliştirmede kritik olduğu ancak bilgi kirliliği riskine dikkat edilmesi gerektiği vurgulanmıştır.
Regulatory Challenges and Clinical Implications of Biosimilar Drugs
Authors: Alanazi Yousef Fahad , Alamri Basil Naser Mubarak
Published: February 2025

Medications that are biosimilar are very similar to biologics that have been authorised by the FDA. When it comes to speciality treatment areas like immunology, endocrinology, and cancer, biosimilar medications might be helpful since the sponsors of premarket applications specify the product's intended clinical use. Clinical therapies for individuals with potentially fatal disorders such cardiac myopathies, carcinoma, sarcoma, and lymphoma rely heavily on the newly authorised biosimilar drugs from the FDA. The pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies sought to supplant biologic medications that did not involve innovation with biologic pharmaceuticals that were comparable but did not. These pharmaceuticals are part of a new class called biosimilars, and their goal is to be exactly like the reference drug in terms of safety and effectiveness. Nocebo effects may restrict treatment adherence and induce unfavourable expectations, therefore it's important for doctors and patients to be aware of this and work together to overcome it. The study's intended participants were medical doctors, pharmacists, nurses, consultants, care managers, and oncologists, rheumatologists, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, dermatologists, nephrologists, and hematologists, among other specialties.
A STUDY ON CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STYLE ADOPTED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS OF DELHI, INDIA IN THE 21STCENTURY
Authors: Madhura Deepti , Muddgal Alka , Ansari Mehnaz
Published: February 2025

The study aims to find the conflict management style adopted by the senior secondary school students in the private schools of Delhi, India and study the difference in respect to boys and girls. The study further aims to find the relationship between the father’s educational qualification attainment and its influence on the child’s way of handling conflict. During the study certain patterns emerged based on the educational level of attainment of the father.The study was conducted on 716 students and analyses was done on the response provided by them in the questionnaire. It is important to the understand the students of 21st century and their response during conflict. In today’s world the adolescents are in challenging times a lot more than they faced in the past decades. The major reason stated for this in various researchis combination of academic pressures, social media influence, parental expectations, peer relationships. It is also a period for self-discovery and issues on sexuality, identity also enter their life. Thus, it is very important to understand the response they givein the times of conflict with others.
PELATIHAN PENGEMBANGAN INOVASI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN ”SCOEP” UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGUCAPAN BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA SMK
Authors: Kristanto Barlian , Putri Diannike , Krisbiantoro Benny
Published: February 2025

Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini memaparkan hasil pelatihan pengembangan media pembelajaran inovatif "SCoEP" (Smart Card of English Pronunciation) berbasis mnemonik untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pengucapan bahasa Inggris bagi siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK). Melalui serangkaian tahapan, mulai dari analisis kebutuhan, perancangan media, pelatihan pengembangan, hingga implementasi dan evaluasi, media pembelajaran "SCoEP" berhasil dikembangkan dan diimplementasikan di SMKN 1 Purwokerto. Hasil kegiatan pelatihan ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan pengembangan media "SCoEP" efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pengucapan bahasa Inggris siswa SMK. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan nilai rata-rata dari pre-test ke post-test sebesar 27,38%. Media pembelajaran "SCoEP" yang mengintegrasikan elemen visual, transkrip fonetik, dan teknologi melalui QR code terbukti mampu membantu siswa mengingat pengucapan kosakata dengan lebih mudah. Pelatihan ini juga menumbuhkan antusiasme dan keaktifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi bahwa media pembelajaran "SCoEP" dapat menjadi solusi efektif dan inovatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pengucapan bahasa Inggris di SMK. Media ini dapat menjadi model pengembangan yang dapat diterapkan secara lebih luas untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran bahasa Inggris di sekolah-sekolah SMK.
PELATIHAN KERAJINAN TANGAN DALAM UPAYA PEMULIHAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT KORBAN ERUPSI SEMERU DI DESA SUPITURANG KECAMATAN PRONOJIWO KABUPATEN LUMAJANG
Authors: Ansori Ansori , Soffiyuddin M. , AR Zaini Tamin , Mawardi Imam , Rohmah Naily
Published: February 2025

Di lapangan, sebagian besar bantuan yang diberikan kepada korban erupsi Gunung Semeru berbentuk bantuan fisik, seperti kebutuhan pokok, uang tunai, pakaian, dan bahan bangunan. Namun, bantuan edukatif seperti pelatihan dan konseling sangat jarang diberikan. Oleh karena itu, program pelatihan kerajinan tangan yang dilakukan oleh Lembaga Pengabdian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LPPM) STAI YPBWI Surabaya sangat relevan bagi korban erupsi Semeru. Inisiatif ini dapat menjadi jembatan bagi pemulihan ekonomi masyarakat terdampak. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan pelatihan kerajinan tangan bagi korban erupsi Semeru sehingga dapat menciptakan produk yang memiliki nilai ekonomis serta menjajaki upaya pemulihan ekonomi bagi korban di Desa Supiturang, Kecamatan Pronojiwo, Lumajang. Pengabdian ini menggunakan Participatory Action Research (PAR) yang melibatkan masyarakat secara aktif dalam proses pelatihan dan pengembangan keterampilan. Melalui PAR, korban erupsi tidak hanya menjadi objek penelitian, tetapi juga berperan aktif sebagai subjek yang terlibat langsung dalam setiap tahapan, mulai dari identifikasi kebutuhan, perencanaan, hingga implementasi program. Pelatihan kerajinan tangan bagi korban erupsi Semeru meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta dalam menciptakan produk bernilai jual. Dampak ekonomi terlihat dari kemampuan peserta memproduksi dan menjual produk secara mandiri, meski kesulitan pemasaran menjadi tantangan utama. Ketersediaan bahan baku sederhana mendukung pelatihan, namun kekurangan tenaga kerja menghambat produksi skala besar. Solusi berkelanjutan melibatkan pendampingan bisnis, penguatan jaringan pemasaran, serta kolaborasi untuk mendukung tenaga kerja dan memperkuat ekosistem ekonomi lokal. Program pelatihan ini tidak hanya memberikan keterampilan teknis, tetapi juga membuka jalan bagi pemulihan ekonomi berkelanjutan dan pengembangan potensi lokal pasca bencana. Progra pelatihan ini memerlukan ketekunan untuk mengedukasi warga memasarkan produk mereka di pasar lokal, sekolah, dan daerah wisata.
PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS MASYARAKAT DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI KULIT DAN PRODUKTIVITAS EKONOMI MELALUI PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN SABUN-VCO DI DESA MINAESA MINAHASA UTARA
Authors: Hariyanto Yuanita Amalia , Jayanti Meilani , Lebang Julianri Sari
Published: February 2025

Considering skin disorders can now spread through a variety of media, it is crucial for the public to understand skin health issues. Skin conditions are now among the most prevalent illnesses in coastal towns. People who live near the coast are more likely to experience skin health issues. Numerous elements, such as humidity, sun exposure, personal cleanliness, and water quality, contribute to this. The goal of this project is to teach the Minaesa Village community how to make liquid soap from VCO and to educate them about personal hygiene. On-the-job training is the approach used in the PKM. Direct field visits, identifying the partners' issues and requirements, offering solutions, conducting activities to satisfy the partners' needs, and evaluation are all part of this approach. The pH of the VCOLS soap manufactured is 7, which means that it satisfies quality criteria. According to the evaluation's findings, participants' knowledge increased by 86.5%. More than 82.2% of participants expressed pleasure with the VCOLS soap, according to the evaluation of the satisfaction questionnaire about the created soap, while 17.8% expressed no opinion. The findings of the perception survey of the VCOLS soap, on the other hand, indicate that no one itched after using it, 70% thought it was non-greasy, and 67.7% thought it was hydrating. The evaluation's findings indicate that participants' knowledge of skin care and soap-making methods has grown. According to the results of the perception questionnaire, participants have successfully produced liquid soap from VCO that satisfies quality standards. It is also envisaged that the expertise offered, particularly in the creation of liquid soap from VCO, can be further enhanced through the community service activities in Minaesa Village.