bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Centrando los márgenes
Authors: Fernández Núñez Diego
Published: December 2024

En el exterior de los muros medievales de la Catedral de Ourense que han llegado hasta la actualidad —parte del proyecto original del templo (1157-1248)— se despliegan una serie de cornisas abundantemente esculturadas. La riqueza decorativa de estos aleros, desde lo geométrico hasta lo antropomorfo, permite un análisis estilístico de la escultura en relación con otros ejemplos de la catedral y de fábricas relacionadas con ella. En este artículo se centrará la atención sobre las cornisas en el período 1174-1218: momento en el que se establece su disposición «modélica» y destinada a un éxito prolongado y en el que la escultura auriense participa del complicado e interesante momento del románico tardío hispano.
Propuesta de modelo de simulación de la Población Carcelaria en Colombia mediante Dinámica de Sistemas
Authors: Gelves Alarcón Oscar Mauricio , Guarin Cortes Nataly , Garnica Galvis Laura Gabriela , Alarcón Alarcón María Alejandra
Published: December 2024

The main objective of this document is to present a system dynamics model that enables the simulation and prediction of the prison population in Colombia for the year 2050. This model is based on statistical data provided by INPEC and offers a detailed analysis of the prison population's behavior, considering factors such as detentions, inmate deaths, releases, births, and deaths of Colombian citizens. Additionally, the issue of overcrowding is comprehensively addressed by incorporating relevant auxiliary variables. Based on the model's construction, various scenarios are proposed to facilitate a deeper understanding of the underlying dynamics and trends. According to this analysis, the simulation estimates that the prison population in 2050 will be approximately 570,000 individuals.
Estrategias Innovadoras Educativas para el Fortalecimiento del Pensamiento Aleatorio a través de Evaluaciones en Entornos Digitales
Authors: Dluis Flórez Lili María , Montes-Miranda Alexander Javier , Cardona-Arbelaez Diego
Published: December 2024

This research focused on the strengthening of random thinking in higher basic education studentsthrough an authentic assessment model implemented in virtual environments using GoogleClassroom. With a mixed methodology design based on the principles of the action researchmodel, the study began by applying a diagnostic test to determine the students' initial level ofcompetence in key areas of random thinking: communication, reasoning and argumentation, andproblem posing and solving, initially revealing low performance. An authentic assessment modeldesigned to address the identified deficiencies was then developed and implemented. Theintervention culminated in a final assessment that allowed comparison of post-interventionlearning gains with initial results. The findings demonstrated significant improvements incommunication, reasoning and argumentation skills, and a notable progression in overcomingdifficulties related to randomized thinking. In addition, a positive appropriation of the learningprocess was observed on the part of the students, who showed greater responsibility,independence, enthusiasm, and a predisposition to explore new ways of learning. These resultsunderscore the effectiveness of the authentic assessment model in virtual environments toimprove randomized thinking in students of higher basic education.
Justicia en línea: De la experiencia digital de Inglaterra y Brasil al ámbito colombiano
Authors: Valencia Martínez Guillermo León , Cárdenas Caycedo Omar Alfonso
Published: December 2024

Since 2020, Colombia has embarked on the implementation of a digital judicial system in response to the circumstances arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this system has not progressed substantially within the realm of the judiciary. Prior to the pandemic-induced lockdown, Colombia already possessed tools and platforms dedicated to the provision of judicial services, which gradually adapted to the new paradigm of digital justice.
In this context, it becomes pertinent to formulate potential scenarios from an academic standpoint, grounded in an analysis of the advancements and the Sistema Integrado Único de Gestión Judicial (SIUGJ) project, in conjunction with other platforms available in the judicial sphere. The aim is to build upon existing foundations to meet current needs by creating a unified model.
 
This research adopts an academic approach and draws from international experiences, notably those of Brazil and England, to identify key successes in the following central areas: the landscape of digital justice before the pandemic, its evolution thereafter, the technological platforms and tools employed, the regulations enacted during the pandemic pertaining to justice, as well as the challenges and issues encountered.
Subsequently, an analysis is conducted regarding the inception of digital justice in Colombia, its development during the pandemic period, the most pertinent tools and platforms used, as well as the policies and regulations related to digital justice in the country. Through this analysis, the objective is not only to comprehend the dynamics of digital justice in Colombia but also to contribute to a proposal for digital justice tailored to the specific social, economic, and cultural conditions of Colombia.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Enhanced Intervention Model Using Augmented Reality Approach: A Structural Equation Modeling
Authors:   Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia, Bakar Norsuhaily Abu
Published: December 2024

Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the interactive applications that has been acknowledged as a powerful way to improve the user experience. In recent years, research on AR as an educational intervention among children with special needs has significantly increased. Therefore, this quantitative research design aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an enhanced intervention model using Augmented Reality approach among children with special needs in Malaysia. Using a stratified random sampling approach, a set of adapted questionnaires were randomly distributed to 381 respondents among parents and teachers of special needs children in both pre-test and post-test measures. This study was conducted based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as the theoretical framework. Prior to Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted on pilot study data and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted on field study data. Through IBM-SPSS Amos version 24.0, the pre-test and post-test of field study data were analyzed using standardized, unstandardized regression analysis, and hypothesis testing of SEM to validate the hypothesized relationships and measure the effectiveness of the enhanced intervention model. The significant direct effect of AR applications with the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) and Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children (TEACCH) methods on the intention to use construct in post-test measure of unstandardized regression weight indicates the effectiveness of the enhanced intervention model among children with special needs. This study highlights the potential of AR with PECS and TEACCH methods as an educational tool in special education needs interventions and suggesting directions for future research as well as practical applications in enhancing learning outcomes.
Illegal Oil Well Mitigation: Environmental Sustainability: Strengthening the Oil and Gas Accounting Information System
Authors: Hertati Lesi , Umar Haryono
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on exploring aspects of illegal mining in the Musi Banyuasin area, South Sumatra Province-Indonesia. The research includes green accounting, human resources, sustainable environment, and oil and gas accounting information systems. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with an exploratory method to explore the phenomenon in detail. Data were obtained through structured interviews, field observations, focus group discussions (FGDs), and supporting document reviews. The collected data were analyzed thematically to identify, review, and report findings based on interviews. The results of the study indicate that the application of green accounting practices, human resource management, and the use of accounting information systems in the oil and gas sector are important foundations for creating a sustainable environment. Sustainable environments not only support economic aspects but also social, cultural, and ecological aspects. This research implies that it contributes to the preservation of green vegetation, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and environmental damage. Theoretically, this research provides insight into the theoretical benefits of green environmental sustainability.
An incident of lichen planus correlated to a certain brand of amlodipine: a case report
Authors: Alsenani May A. , Albulayhid Hissah A. , Alrayes Nouf A. , Abudeeb Razan A. , Alkhudairy Reyof K. , Aljamaan Salwa N. , Alkhamees Sadeem A. , Alotai Lena A.
Published: December 2024

As the etiology of oral lichen planus (OLP) remains unclear most literature suggests that genetic, hepatitis c, systemic diseases, hypersensitivity to dental material and drug reactions can be contributing factors of OLP. However, as malignant transformation is a possible sequence of OLP, more efforts towards studying the etiology and OLP-inducing health conditions, materials, and drugs should be taken. We report a case of OLP induced by commonly prescribed antihypertensive, amlodipine specifically the commercial drug Amlocard to further discuss its association with OLP and how the active ingredient (amlodipine) might not be the actual cause of such reaction. In our case, a 60-year-old Saudi non-smoker housewife presented at the Dental University Hospital of King Saud University in Riyadh with multiple oral lesions on her tongue and bilaterally on the buccal mucosa for two-month duration. She also complained of pain and burning sensation over the areas of oral lesions while eating, especially when eating hot or spicy food. Otherwise, there were no associated numbness or loss of taste. The patient reported the following non-oral symptoms: itching of pubic area, skin-lesion on her back and chest, vaginal and anal lesions. Manifestation of OLP started 3.5 months after replacing her antihypertensive medication 5 mg Amlor (amlodipine) once per day to 5 mg Amlocard (amlodipine) twice per day. Diagnosis was confirmed after histopathological report of the incisional biopsy of the oral lesions to be indeed OLP. Satisfactory results were obtained after changing the medication back to Amlor with the same original dose and prescribing prednisolone oral solution 15 ml/5 mg for two weeks, Clobetasol propionate ointment 25 mg and nystatin suspension 100000 units to elevate oral symptoms. Amlodipine-associated lichen planus is an inflammatory reaction with different systematical manifestation, early recognition of signs and symptoms and frequent follow up is standard of treatment to recognize any unwanted malignant progression of the lesion.
Diagnóstico del complejo mancha de asfalto en el cultivo de maíz en el Altiplano Central de Guatemala
Authors: Racancoj Coyoy Astrid , Perez Glenda Edelmira , Patal Gomez Johny Fernando
Published: December 2024

El Complejo Mancha de Asfalto (CMA) es una enfermedad del maíz asociada a la presencia de tres hongos fitopatógenos: los dos primeros son Phyllachora maydis y Monographella maydis; el tercer patógeno es el hiperparásito de los estromas de P. maydis conocido como Coniothyrium phyllachorae. Esta enfermedad afecta el rendimiento del cultivo, y en ocasiones puede generar una pérdida total. El CMA ha predominado en zonas del trópico, caracterizadas por presentar altas temperaturas y alta humedad relativa. Sin embargo, a partir del 2015, se han generado reportes en Estados Unidos, México y Ecuador respecto a la presencia de P. maydis en zonas productoras de maíz de templadas a frías (≤ 15 °C). En este contexto, con la finalidad de determinar la presencia de los patógenos asociados al CMA en zonas de clima templado de Guatemala, durante el segundo semestre del 2022, se visitaron 48 parcelas de maíz en el departamento de Chimaltenango. En cada parcela, se evaluó la incidencia y el grado de infección de los síntomas asociados al CMA. En 13 municipios de Chimaltenango se detectó la presencia de estromas de P. maydis (manchas negras brillantes, dispersas sobre la hoja), así como la formación de “ojo de pescado”. La incidencia osciló entre 10 y 100 %, con un grado de infección entre moderado y fuerte, según la escala utilizada. Se confirmó que al menos uno de los patógenos asociados al CMA (P. maydis) está presente en las zonas de producción de maíz del altiplano central de Guatemala.
Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana de fracciones semipurificadas aisladas de la secreción mucosa de Achatina fulica frente a diferentes microorganismos
Authors: Suárez-Largo Libardo Andrés , Hidalgo-Bucheli William Fernando , Uribe-Delgado Nelson
Published: December 2024

Introducción: Achatina fulica, un molusco terrestre, es considerado una plaga que representa un riesgo para el ambiente y la salud humana. Sin embargo, su secreción mucosa contiene una fuente importante de moléculas bioactivas, con potencial en el campo biomédico. Objetivo: obtener fracciones proteicas semi-purificadas de la secreción mucosa y evaluar su actividad antimicrobiana. Materiales y métodos: la secreción mucosa de A. fulica fue homogenizada con PBS que contenía inhibidores de proteasas. Se realizó una separación con Sephadex G-25 para eliminar sales e impurezas, y el crudo biológico fue liofilizado para posterior análisis y separación por cromatografía líquida en fase reversa. Las fracciones cromatográficas, al igual que la secreción mucosa, fueron evaluadas para actividad antimicrobiana frente a diferentes microrganismos mediante la técnica de microdilución en caldo. Las fracciones cromatográficas fueron adicionalmente analizadas por MALDI-TOF. Resultados: se recolectaron un total de cinco fracciones por cromatografía líquida semi-preparativa. Todas las fracciones obtenidas, al igual que la secreción mucosa homogenizada y el crudo obtenido por G-25, se determinó el porcentaje de inhibición contra las cepas de estudio. La fracción F-01 fue la que exhibió el mayor efecto antimicrobiano frente a S. aureus CMPUJ015, con una concentración mínima inhibitoria del 50 % de la población de 628.6 μg/mL. No obstante, no se determinó actividad biológica significativa contra los demás microorganismos evaluados. Los análisis por espectrometría de masas de la fracción F-01, permitieron identificar la presencia de un posible péptido antimicrobiano correspondiente a un valor m/z de 2145.237 [M+H+]. Conclusiones: se evaluó el efecto antimicrobiano de las fracciones cromatográficas derivadas de la secreción mucosa de A. fulica frente a diferentes microorganismos de interés, donde la fracción F-01 presentó un mayor efecto inhibitorio principalmente contra S. aureus.
Abordando Candida albicans en prótesis dentales: Un análisis sistemático de métodos de desinfección
Authors: Plazas-Román Jaime , Olivera-Correa Manuel , Hoyos-Hoyos Vivi
Published: December 2024

Introducción: se han investigado diferentes agentes y métodos alternativos para la desinfección en prótesis dentales contra las infecciones de Candida albicans, debido a que ciertas sustancias pueden afectar las propiedades fisicomecánicas de la resina base de la prótesis. Objetivo: describir la eficacia de los diferentes métodos de desinfección de prótesis totales contra Candida albicans. Metodología: dos revisores realizaron búsquedas en diferentes bases de datos. Se incluyeron estudios e intervenciones en métodos de desinfección de prótesis totales contra Candida albicans. La calidad de los artículos se evaluó con RoB-2. Resultados: se identificaron 12 artículos. El peróxido de alcalino, extracto de Salvia officinalis al 1,16 % y aerosol derivado alquiniloxi sintético de Lawsone mostraron efectos positivos en cuanto a la reducción de Candida albicans. El riesgo de sesgo fue bajo. Conclusiones: Las alternativas identificadas mostraron efectos anticandidales y antimicrobianos significativos, sin embargo, se necesitan más investigaciones que relacionen su efectividad y efectos adversos.
Un caso de hipertricosis congénita generalizada en el registro histórico durante el siglo XVII en los Andes centrales
Authors: Correa-Trigoso Denis , Purizaca-Rosillo Nelson
Published: December 2024

La investigación tuvo como objetivo asociar una descripción histórica con un posible caso de hipertricosis congénita generalizada. Usando para ello lo registrado en la obra “La Historia General del Pirú” del cronista Fray Martín de Murúa publicado en 1590. Se analizó el capítulo XL “De algunas cosas notables y de admiración deste reino” (segundo libro) y considerando los detalles que el autor menciona, como son “pelos desde los ojos para arriba, sin facción de frente y todo el rostro y cuerpo”, fue posible lograr asociarlo con la enfermedad de hipertricosis congénita generalizada, siendo el reporte más antiguo en Latinoamérica a inicios del virreinato del Perú, alrededor de 1608.
CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGIC ASPECTS IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ORAL MUCOSAL HYPERKERATOSIS
Authors: Tarasenko Svetlana , Svitich Oksana , Morozova Viktoria , Stepanov Mihail , Repina Svetlana , Bystritskaya Elizaveta , Kozlova Polina , Meremianina Ekaterina
Published: December 2024

Relevance. The relevance of the treatment of oral mucosa diseases is determined by their prevalence, propensity to progression and difficulties in early diagnosis. The article presents the results of surgical treatment of this category of patients using laser radiation with a wavelength of 1940 nm and determination of gene expression of immunologic factors.
Purpose. To increase the efficiency of surgical treatment of oral mucosa hyperkeratosis by using the fiber laser LSP – «IRE-Polus».
Materials and methods. Surgical treatment was performed on 30 patients (100%) with clinical diagnosis K13.2 Leukoplakia and other disturbances of oral epithelium, including tongue (25 patients) and L43.0 Lichen ruber planus hypertrophicus (5 patients). All patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: in the 1st group lesions were excised by fiber laser LSP – «IRE-Polus», in the 2nd group excision was performed by scalpel. Sampling for gene expression study of defensin beta 1 and IL-28B genes was performed after surgical intervention in all patients. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Mann–Whitney test.
Results. The use of laser alteration leads to a decrease in pain intensity, collateral edema, and the timing of postoperative wound epithelialization. In the expression study of immunologic factors, there was no statistically significant difference in the expression of defensin beta 1 gene in both study groups, while an association was found between a high level of IL-28B gene expression and the development of inflammation when using the traditional method.
Conclusion. The use of fiber lasers contributes to the improvement of treatment efficiency in patients with hyperkeratosis of the oral mucosa. When examining patients with hyperkeratosis, a significant 2.2-fold increase in IL-28B gene expression was found in the group of patients where the traditional method of treatment was applied (p < 0.05).
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ORIGINAL REMOVABLE ORTHOPEDIC DISENGAGING CENTERING PROSTHESIS, IMPLEMENTED USING ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Grigorenko Mark , Vakushina Elena , Bragin Evgeniy , Grigorenko Pavel , Lapina Natalia , Mrikaeva Madina
Published: December 2024

Objective. TImproving the effectiveness of the results of personalized complex rehabilitation of adult patients with a distal relationship of asymmetric integral dental arches using precision additive technologies for data transfer, design and manufacture of an original removable orthopedic disengaging centering prosthesis (RODCP).
Methodology. A polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) block was used to fabricate the internal part of the RODCP. Additive technologies were used, such as 3D scanning, 3D design and 3D milling, which made it possible to create a high-precision sandwich-like structure with uniformly thin walls of the parts and an individually designed occlusal relief. To reinforce the RODCP, a multi-strand orthodontic wire was applied to the internal part, which was then finally fixed by pulling in a vacuum former to fabricate the external part from a standard polyvinyl chloride plate. The production of the RODCP was completed by individual modeling of the occlusal relief by applying fast-hardening transparent plastic to the external part in an analog articulator.
Results. The study showed that the use of additive technologies is appropriate for the creation of a removable orthopedic disengaging centering prosthesis (RODCP). The design includes an individually manufactured internal frame obtained by 3D milling and additional reinforcement with multi-strand wire.
Conclusion. The use of 3D design and 3D milling for the manufacture of the inner part ensured the convenience of fitting, application, reliable fixation and stabilization of the prosthesis, and reinforcement with multi-core wire increased the mechanical strength of the structure. The use of the proposed prosthesis design, implemented using additive technologies, ensured smooth movements of the lower jaw during protrusion and laterotrusion with the tightest interdental contacts, made it possible to eliminate existing disocclusions in the lateral and anterior sections, restore the aesthetic center, successfully carry out subsequent orthodontic treatment of distal occlusion with abnormal shapes of dental arches during the period of permanent occlusion with devices of various manufacturing and fixation methods and ensured a stable and long-term positive result of complex rehabilitation in the retention period.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF IMPROVING METHOD OF PROSTHETIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH INSTALLED IMPLANT TO THE FRESH SOCKET OF THE UPPER CENTRAL INCISOR
Authors: Merzhoeva Khava , Murashov Mikhail , Platonova Maria , Stepanova Svetlana
Published: December 2024

Subject. Dental implantation and prosthetics are the main methods of replacing dental defects. One-stage implantation with immediate prosthetics reduces the number of operations and treatment time, preserving the surrounding tissues. It is important to achieve aesthetic results with the help of atraumatic tooth extraction, stable installation of the implant and rapid fixation of the crown. The presented technique covers all stages from planning to fixation of the crown, minimizing errors.
Objectives. To clinically test an improved technique for manufacturing an anatomically correct and functional crown of the central incisor of the upper jaw with direct prosthetics based on an implant.
Materials and methods. The clinical study involved 20 patients who underwent dental prosthetic treatment using an improved technique. The main group consisted of patients who had a screw-fixed crown based on an innovative angular implant, the control group included patients with a crown made on a direct implant. The assessment of the quality of the treatment was carried out on 2 control examinations. 6 months after the fixation of the temporary crown and 6 months after the fixation of the zirconium dioxide crown or 1 year after the installation of the implant.
The results. Studies have shown that after the treatment, all patients showed stable fixation of the crown and aesthetic parameters, namely the contour of the gum, around the artificial crown. The results of the survey showed 100% satisfaction of patients with the treatment.
Conclusions. The technique makes it possible to plan and implement dental orthopedic treatment of patients with loss of the central incisor of the upper jaw and at the same time produce a functional and anatomically correct crown based on an implant. Clinical observations have shown 100% success in treating the patient according to the algorithm proposed in the developed methodology.
RADIOGRAPHIC AND FUNCTIONAL METHODS OF ASSESSING THE CONDITION OF THE JAW IN THE ZONE OF PROPOSED DENTAL IMPLANTATION
Authors: Mukhammetberdiev Begli , Ksembaev Said , Agatieva Elima , Valieva Ilsiyar
Published: December 2024

Subject. The article presents a literature review devoted to a topical issue in dentistry – methods for assessing the condition of bone tissue and jaw microcirculation before dental implantation.
The purpose of the study: is to examine the materials of publications devoted to radiographic and functional methods for assessing the condition of bone tissue and jaw microcirculation before dental implantation.
Methodology. Modern methods for assessing the condition of bone tissue and microcirculation in the area of the proposed dental implantation are described in detail in the light of modern concepts.
Results. The importance of studying the condition of bone tissue and jaw microcirculation before dental implantation is shown. All radiographic methods used for this purpose are presented, and indications for their use are determined. The advantage of using the cone-beam computed tomography method is noted, since it, in addition to everything else, allows identifying the anatomical and topographic features of the jaw structure and bone density, allows planning the route of implant insertion, which directly affects the effectiveness of implantation.
Evaluation of soft tissue microcirculation at the site of the proposed dental implantation is important, since microcirculation parameters are reliable predictors of the treatment outcome.. From this position, laser Doppler flowmetry is the most informative method for functional assessment of blood flow microcirculation before dental implantation, allowing to detect signs of pathological changes. Thus, a pronounced transformation in the intervention zone negatively affects the implantation performed. Reduction of the alveolar process parameters, deterioration of the blood supply to this area, the absence of chewing load after tooth extraction, increase the processes of alveolar process resorption within the boundaries of the defect of the dental system.
Conclusions. The results of the review indicate that knowledge of the features of the state of bone tissue and microcirculation in the area of the proposed dental implantation is necessary for its adequate implementation, outcome prediction and prevention of complications.
Laser Doppler flowmetry is the most informative method of functional assessment of blood flow microcirculation before dental implantation, it allows you to detect signs of pathological changes.
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF INTERLEUKIN-17 IN SALIVA IN PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF LICHEN PLANUS
Authors: Zainullin Timur , Ivanova Elena , Moiseev Denis , Molochkova Yulia , Pogabalo Irina , Kuliev Rakhim , Babaev Alexey , Ternovskaya Ekaterina
Published: December 2024

Lichen planus (LP) of the oral cavity is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by symmetrical, multiple lesions of the oral mucosa. The etiology and pathogenesis of LP have not yet been fully studied; however, it is assumed that the immune response of the body plays a key role in the development of the disease. One of the important mediators of the inflammatory response in LP is interleukin-17 (IL-17), a cytokine that is secreted by activated T lymphocytes. IL-17 promotes the recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils to the site of inflammation, and also stimulates the production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can contribute to the chronization and progression of the disease. LP is a significant clinical problem due to the frequent recurrence and lack of effective therapies aimed at correcting immune disorders.
The purpose of the study was to assess the level of IL-17 in saliva in patients with various forms of oral CPL. The study included 40 participants divided into three groups: Group I consisted of 20 patients with erosive and ulcerative form of LP; Group II included 10 patients with reticular form of LP; Group III consisted of 10 patients without LP (comparison group). The concentration of IL-17 in saliva samples was assessed by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). In addition, clinical evaluation and pain assessment were performed. Clinical and pain indicators were significantly higher in the group with erosive and ulcerative form of LP (the first group), compared with the second and third groups. IL-17 levels were higher in patients with erosive and ulcerative form of LP (44.37 ± 2.19 pg/ml) than in patients with reticular form of LP and patients in the comparison group. The level of IL-17 speaks not only about the inflammatory course of LP, but also provides diagnostic information about the severity of the course of this disease.
MODERN MATERIALS USED IN THE REPARATIVE REGENERATION OF BONE TISSUE OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION (REVIEW)
Authors: Demyashkin Grigory , Fidarov Aslanbek , Ivanov Sergey , Orlov Andrey
Published: December 2024

An urgent problem of modern implantology remains the development of means and methods for restoring the integrity of bone tissue when defects occur. An important aspect of the problem remains the validity of the choice of osteoplastic material. Despite the fairly successful use of various types of osteoplastic materials in clinical implantology for the closure of small bone defects, the treatment of large diastases remains a subject of debate and requires further search and testing of various osteoplastic materials.
Aim of the study: to analyze specialized scientific literature and describe the characteristics of the most common osteoplastic materials for replacing bone tissue defects.
Methodology. This literature review was based on 63 sources from the following databases: PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, Medscape, Elibrary, ResearchGate, Google Scholar.
Results. A description of osteoinductive materials used to replace bone defects in modern clinical practice is presented: ceramics, biocomposites based on them, corals, synthetic bones, mesenchymal stem cell cultures, 3D printing, etc. Emphasis is placed on the advantages and disadvantages of these methods.
Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the literature, we can conclude that the problem of developing and introducing osteoplastic materials into clinical practice is a complex and multi-level area of joint activity of specialists in various fields. The most promising areas for further research are modifications of ceramic-based osteoplastic structures to increase their density, as well as additional cultivation of mesenchymal cells and 3D printing. However, these methods for replacing extensive bone tissue defects also need to be improved and new research conducted.
SEVERITY OF DENTAL PHOBIA IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS ACCOMPANIED BY GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS
Authors: Shevkunova Natal'ya , Butyugin Ivan , Bulycheva Elena , Trezubov Vladimir , Valeev Eldar
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the peculiarities of receiving patients with diabetes mellitus with psychological deviation of behavior, which makes it difficult for a doctor to carry out effective dental treatment. In patients with diabetes mellitus, anxiety and fear of dental intervention manifest themselves more often than in patients who have maintained physical health.
Objective: to assess the severity of dental phobia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus accompanied by diffuse (generalized) periodontitis, depending on age, duration of the disease and gender.
Materials and methods. The article presents indicators of dental anxiety in patients with diabetes mellitus in municipal and private dental clinics in Izhevsk. Between 2021–2023 127 patients (62 women and 65 men) aged from 48 to 77 years were examined, of which 2 groups were formed. The first is from 64 patients with a verified diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type 2 (31 women and 33 men) aged 58.69 ± 0.90 years and the duration of the disease from 1 to 22 years, the second is from 63 patients who remained healthy (31 women and 32 men) aged 58.47 ± 0.96 years. All subjects were assessed for their attitude towards dental treatment using the Korach scale (1969).
Results. A dental appointment is accompanied by psycho-emotional stress from mild excitement and quickly passing anxiety in 37.60% of respondents with diabetes at the age of 52.42 ± 1.12 with a disease duration of 5.25 ± 0.46 years to severe anxiety in 54.10% patients with diabetes at the age of 61.74 ± 0.83 years with a disease duration of 7.77 ± 0.85 years and dental phobia – in 8.30% of cases at the age of 67.40 ± 2.66 years and a disease duration of 15.60 ± 2.38 years old.
Conclusions. In patients with diabetes mellitus, with increasing age and duration of the disease, manifestations of dental anxiety increase, necessitating the use of psychocorrection methods in the regulation of dental stress in the treatment of such patients.
Formalising solutions to network availability issues in low-resource environments
Authors: Agbeyangi Abayomi , Suleman Hussein
Published: December 2024

In most software systems operating within low-resource environments, the persistently encountered challenges related to network availability often result in compromised performance or even complete system failure. To address this issue, software developers frequently resort to ad hoc measures to mitigate these challenges. To offer a more comprehensive solution, this paper introduces an all-encompassing approach in the form of a design pattern. This design pattern uses offline functionalities with localised storage, emphasising the distinction between offline storage and synchronisation, presenting a versatile and high-level methodology for overcoming the recurrent network-related challenges intrinsic to low-resource environments. We describe the use of the design pattern in some real-world use cases, thereby illustrating how a single design pattern is the foundation for many seemingly disparate software engineering approaches. This design pattern holds the potential to significantly redefine the manner in which network availability challenges are approached and addressed.
Hedging in written academic discourse as manifestation of its dialogue nature (based on dissertation reviews)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Viktorova Elena Yu.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the analysis of the dialogue nature of written academic communication based on Russian evaluative academic
discourse. The texts of 70 official dissertation reviews in humanities and sciences, published on the sites of dissertation councils of Russian
universities in 2020–2024, were used as an empiric base for the research. The research aims to identify the role of hedge markers – specific
discourse units used to mitigate the claims of the author – in manifestation of the dialogue character of the dissertation review as a speech
genre. The author proves that the dialogue character of the review is determined by its polemical and potentially traumatic nature, embeddedness into a broad academic context, orientation on a concrete addressee, public character of dissertation defenses in RF as well as personal
acquaintance of many scholars involved in the academic communication. The dialogue nature of the review, which is explored in close relation to such categories as mitigation, tolerance, vagueness, and politeness, simultaneously realizes the addressing strategy (concern about
the addressee) and self-presentation strategy (concern about the author’s reputation). The following types of hedge markers are singled out: self-mentions, mitigation signals, reflexives, performatives with speech and thinking verbs, evaluations of the academic message. It is
shown that in humanities hedges demonstrate a higher frequency rate and a greater variety than in sciences which may be explained by the
anthropocentric and subjective nature of humanities. The author emphasizes the imperative necessity to use hedges in dissertation reviews to
avoid or mitigate communicative and professional risks in academic sphere. The use of hedges may be considered as an ecolinguistic strategy,
an element of positive communication and a necessary component of the academic competence of a scholar.
Gender influence on structural discourse markers in the English popular-science discourse (based on TED talks)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Belonozhko Yuliya A.
Published: December 2024

The article focuses on the influence of gender on structural discourse markers in the English popular-science genre of TED talks.
The research is based on 20 English lectures (10 male and 10 female ones). All the lectures highlight the problems of education and online
learning. The overall study materials comprise about 50,000 words. The structural discourse markers include global and local ones. Local
structural discourse markers are used to connect statements, express the relations of cause, effect, time, condition, exclusion, inclusion. These
discourse markers also let the speaker add information and clarify it, have a pause to search for words, and make a real or implied dialogue.
The global structural discourse markers indicate the components of a discourse structure. According to the results of the study, men use
structural discourse markers more often than women do (men’s lectures contain about 57% of all registered markers). Women tend to use internal links, authorizing constructions with inclusive let’s and enumerative linkers to structure their speech better. In turn, I-constructions,
external links, individual hesitations (you know) and phatives are more typical for the men’s lectures. Gender is revealed to affect the use of the
topic introduction markers, signals of order and sequence, external links, signals of conclusion and signals of switching the topic. However,
gender differences in the variety and frequency of structural discourse markers are relatively insignificant since the requirements of a TED
talk genre oblige speakers to present a pre-rehearsed speech. This fact decreases the influence of personal features, gender among them, on
speech. Besides, structural discourse markers function in such a way that no public speech is possible without them, because these markers
provide a means of structuring the presentation logically, thus making it easier for the audience to perceive the speech.
Representation of reality in the aesthetic-philosophical system of Denis Diderot
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Stognii Daniil A.
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the comprehension of the concept of reality in the cultural and scientific heritage of the French enlightener Denis
Diderot. The interest to this topic is dictated by the timeless relevance of the innovative dramaturgical theory of the thinker, in which the issue
of depicting the real is central. In the course of the analysis the works of domestic and foreign philosophers and literary critics, who touched
upon the problem of the representation of reality in the 18th century and especially in the works of Denis Diderot, were involved. The concept
of reality is considered both in aesthetic-philosophical (the article “Beaux”, “Entretiens sur Le Fils naturel”, “Discours sur la poésie dramatique”)
and natural-scientific (“Pensées sur l’interprétation de la nature” and the article “Nature”) works, which allowed to reveal Diderot’s unified approach in defining the real and formulating the rules of its representation. The article analyses the approaches to the representation of the real
in a work of fiction, which are described in detail by the enlightener in his treatises on dramaturgy. The study compares the concepts of “nature”
and “reality” and explains their differences. Nature in Diderot’s understanding is the visible world, objective reality, whereas reality appears as
a fictional unity, subjectively embodied in an artistic work on the basis of images from memory and imagination. This reality is constructed by
the author of the work and is plausible. The author of the article, based on Diderot’s treatises on theatre, has formulated a number of criteria
that must be followed in order to recreate a plausible reality. These criteria indicate the same requirements for the arts, which, according to
Diderot, are most suitable for depicting the real – theatre, painting and music. The analysis shows that Diderot’s innovative aesthetic system
clears the way for the saturation of art with plausible fiction, and this “enrichment”, in turn, proclaims a new era – the “critical era of theatre”.
World-modeling universals of childhood in M. A. Osorgin’s story From the Little House
Authors:   Severodvinsk branch of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Shestakova E. Yu.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to consider the specific features of the artistic embodiment of the components of the author’s childhood
world model in the story From the Little House by the writer of the first wave of the Russian émigré, M. A. Osorgin. The author-narrator appears
as the central world-modeling category of the work. He remembers, reflects, describes himself as a child. The theme of memory stated in
the story is the leading one for the autobiographical prose of the Russian émigré writers. Everything in the work is controlled by the author’s
creative power, his inner experiences and sensations. Alongside with that, by describing himself in his childhood, the author gives an infant,
a child an opportunity to become the subject of world modeling and at the same time a participant of the depicted events. As a result, the
reader sees the child’s world as he himself created and modeled it. The “voice” of the adult narrator is nevertheless significant in the story.
The artistic model of the world, recreated in the work, is based on a number of images-memories, saturated with philosophical, historical,
and ethical issues. The story presents a picture of the world that has special world-modeling universals, expressed by means of oppositions,
the antithesis of the eternal and the mundane, models of world duality, the opposition of Space and Chaos, the image of changing space, recurrent themes, motifs and images that undergo a symbolic generalization. The earthly world correlates with the idea of the fragility of
human existence. The image of home is interpreted as a space of protection, peace, desired solitude, and unaffectedness. Infancy is associated with the category of eternity. The world-modeling category of time in Osorgin’s story acquires the characteristics of fleetingness, cosmic
flow, return from the present to the past, duration, and expansion. The theme of music plays a big role. Childhood is interpreted as a time of
ultimate harmonious existence. Scenes of nature are closely related to the themes of origins, beauty and spiritual purity. The story combines
real and fantastic plans. The author’s reflections are addressed to the fate of Russia and issues of spiritual national existence.
Inequality of Saratov youth: Socio-demographic content
Authors:   Saratov State University, Ivchenkov Sergey G. , Shakhmatova Nadezhda V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: December 2024

The problem of social inequality among young people is particularly acute due to the contradictory impact on the younger generation.
That is it stimulates its mobility, but is intensified due to the limited resources of the region; families, provoke social tension and various deviations, including birth rate restriction. Therefore, it is important to study the demographic aspects of social inequality. The article presents the
results of a sociological study conducted by the questionnaire method in Saratov in 2023. According to the probabilistic quota-territorial sample,
550 young Saratov residents were interviewed. The results were processed in the SPSS program. The study showed that gender largely determines the frequency of encountering social inequality – girls face it more often than boys. This is manifested in the availability of property, different
starting conditions, the availability of education and the cost of clothing. Young men are more likely to pay attention to a person's mannerisms,
the possession of power and the availability of health care. As for girls, the main factors of social inequality are social policies, unfair distribution
of income, unemployment, external circumstances, and the impracticality of people. For young men, it is a low level of income, culture and lack of
desire to work. Social institutions are of considerable importance for the inequality of young Saratov residents. For girls, these are the institutions
of religion, public organizations and state authorities. Young men pay more attention to the influence of family institutions, education and the
media. Age largely determines the life trajectory and inequality of young people. Young people include access to socially significant benefits, place
and living conditions, assessment of their material living conditions in comparison with their environment. As they grow older, the importance
of such factors as the level of income, power resources, the ability to manage people and circumstances increases. But the importance of place,
living conditions and assessment of one's material conditions decreases in comparison with the social environment. The older the respondents
are the more suspicious and hostile young people are towards socially unequal people.
Application of artificially generated data in development and implementation of mathematical-statistical methods in the problem field of sociology
Authors:   Lugansk State Pedagogical University, Zvonok Aleksandr A.
Published: December 2024

The article touches on the general issues, related to the use of artificially generated data in the process of development and implementation of mathematical-statistical methods in the sociological sphere. The main directions of application of simulations in sociology are briefly
described. The area of responsibility of sociologists in relation to mathematicians in the verification of mathematical-statistical methods and their
integration into sociological scientific fields is outlined. The author’s classification of mathematical and statistical methods is given depending
on the need to use artificial data for their verification. The classification of simulations in the verification of mathematical-statistical methods according to the degree of significance of scientific projects is explained, while each class was accompanied by a real case within the framework of
sociological problems.The experiment with frequency confidence intervals by A. Kryshtanovsky, using artificial samples of sociological survey data,
was described as a project of low significance. The example of a scientific case of moderate significance was the study by J. C. F. de Winter and D. Dodou of the prospects for using Student's t-test to analyze samples of observations, expressed in the ordinal Likert scale. The example of high-level
scientific simulation was the author's own experience, associated with the introduction of Bayesian methodology into empirical sociology in the
context of developing methods for analyzing effect sizes when conducting comparative binomial social experiments with binary data. The study
raises questions on the requirements for publishing methodological studies using the generated data. The standards for publishing simulation
studies are outlined, ranging from classical general conventions to the important standards, adopted in sensitive areas such as medical research.