bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Poetry Anthology Ar-Robi fii qalbi by Sofi Ghoniyah: A Sociology of Author Perspective
Authors: Azizah Amany Nurul , Basid Abdul
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the sociology of the author in the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii Qalbi by Sofi Ghoniyah based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren. This research focuses on four aspects, namely (1) the social background of the author in the anthology of poetry Ar-Robi fii Qalbi by Sofi Ghoniyah based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren; (2) the author's social integration in the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii Qalbi by Sofi Ghoniyah based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren; (3) author's economic sources in the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii Qalbi by Sofi Ghoniyah based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren; (4) professionalism in the authorship of Sofi Ghoniyah's anthology of poetry Ar-Robi fii Qalbi based on the perspective of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren. This type of research is qualitative research. The data source of this research uses an anthology of poetry entitled "Ar-robi fii qalbi" by Sofi Ghoniyah.  While the secondary data sources of this research were obtained from reading books or journals discussing the sociological theory of the authors Rene Wellek and Austin Warren. Data collection techniques in this study used interview techniques and note-taking techniques. The data validation technique used in this study is to increase persistence, triangulate data, and discuss with colleagues and experts. Meanwhile, for the data analysis technique, this research uses the Miles and Huberman method, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The researchers produced several data, namely (1) the author of the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii qalbi is an educated author and has close interactions with her environment. (2) The author of the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii qalbi has a high degree of integration. He mingles with the general public. (3) The main economic source of the author in Ar-Robi's poetry anthology is not through her work but in her educational activities. As a teacher, her work is often used as learning material for her students. (4) The author of the poetry anthology Ar-Robi fii qalbi has high professionalism in the authorship of her work.
Utilization of ICT on Improving the Quality of LPK Learning in Bogor, West Java
Authors: Armawan Iwan , Saleh Amiruddin , Muljono Pudji , Hubeis Musa
Published: September 2022

So far, electronic media has become a daily necessity in people's lives. Without the presence of electronic media, everything becomes slow. Developmental psychology and educational sociology are useful in thinking about the relationship between humans and the media. Both paradigms make important valid contributions to communication and media studies seeing the dangers of mainstream media advocating for a proactive approach to ushering in a responsible world. The main study conducted on STI (Skill Training Institute) Mandiri Snur, located in Bogor, West Java, regarding what and how to utilize the use of ICT to form an independent, qualified workforce from the aspect of training and skills carried out by STI so that they are able to compete in the industrial world in Indonesia with their expertise according to government programs, namely Indonesia's superior human resources are advanced and analyze how the use of ICT is used to improve the quality of learning in STI. Based on the description above, specifically, the problems studied and analyzed in this research are formulated as how the use of ICT affects the process and learning outcomes at STI Mandiri Snur, how efficiency, effectiveness, student characteristics, channel availability, and STI environment affect the utilization ICT, how the factors of efficiency, effectiveness, student characteristics, and availability channels affect learning processes and outcomes, how do efficiency, effectiveness, student characteristics, channels and utilization of ICT affect the quality of learning at and how the model of using ICT on the quality of learning at STI.
Identification of Banana Types with the Least-Squares Support Vector Machine
Authors: Franch Michael , Gozali Ronaldo , Jetly  , Husein Amir Mahmud , Christnatalis HS
Published: September 2022

The classification of banana species is still done manually by banana farmers. This identification process has the disadvantage that it requires more manpower to sort, the level of perception of the type of fruit produced can be different because humans can experience fatigue, are not always consistent, and human judgments are also subjective. Thus, a tool is needed that can identify the type of banana fruit precisely and accurately. One of them is by creating a computer-based system using the statistical feature extraction method of digital images. By performing color feature extraction using Color Moments (RGBHSVYCbCr), then texture extraction using Gray-Level Co-occurence Matrix (GLCM), and using the Least-Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) method for classification of banana species. LS-SVM is a modification of SVM, which is used to improve classification performance. In the SVM algorithm, there is quadratic programming that is used to obtain the optimal solution in determining the Lagrange function; from the Lagrange function, it will be used in calculating the value of the weight and bias parameters. Quadratic programming is not efficient when applied to higher spatial dimensions because the computation will be very complex and very long. LS-SVM is better than standard SVM in terms of the calculation process, faster convergence, and higher precision. At the end of the experiment, the LS-SVM method succeeded in detecting the type of banana with a test accuracy value of 90%.
Using the AR-V7 biomarker to determine treatment in metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer, a feasibility randomised control trial, conclusions from the VARIANT trial
Authors: Gravestock Paul , Clark Emma , Morton Miranda , Sharma Shirya , Fisher Holly , Walker Jenn , Wood Ruth , Hancock Helen , Waugh Nichola , Cooper Aislinn , Maier Rebecca , Marshall John , Chandler Robert , Bahl Amit , Crabb Simon , Jain Suneil , Pedley Ian , Jones Rob , Staffurth John , Heer Rakesh
Published: September 2022

Background: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in the UK. Castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) can be difficult to manage with response to next generation hormonal treatment variable. AR-V7 is a protein biomarker that can be used to predict response to treatment and potentially better inform management in these patients. Our aim was to establish the feasibility of conducting a definitive randomised controlled trial comparing the clinical utility of AR-V7 biomarker assay in personalising treatments for patients with metastatic CRPC within the United Kingdom (UK) National Health Service (NHS).  Due to a number of issues the trial was not completed successfully, we aim to discuss and share lessons learned herein.

Methods: We conducted a randomised, open, feasibility trial, which aimed to recruit 70 adult men with metastatic CRPC within three secondary care NHS trusts in the UK to be run over an 18-month period. Participants were randomised to personalised treatment based on AR-V7 status (intervention) or standard care (control). The primary outcome was feasibility, which included: recruitment rate, retention and compliance. Additionally, a baseline prevalence of AR-V7 expression was to be estimated.

Results: Fourteen participants were screened and 12 randomised with six into each arm over a nine-month period. Reliability issues with the AR-V7 assay meant prevalence was not estimated. Due to limited recruitment the study did not complete to target.

Conclusions: Whilst the trial did not complete to target, we have ascertained that men with advanced cancer are willing to take part in trials utilising biomarker guided treatment. A number of issues were identified that serve as important learning points in future clinical trials.
Art and Intercultural Education with Signs of Tolerance, Acceptance from the Perspective of Future Teachers
Authors: Agáta Csehiová  , Anita Tóth-Bakos
Published: September 2022

Art education is present at all levels of education. Its purpose is to enable students and individuals to interpret the arts, to be aware of their own cultural identity, and also to be able to accept others’ values of culture and art. It is essential to cultivate respect for one’s own cultures and traditions, as well as the acceptance and tolerance for other cultures. All this is an integral part of teacher training. It is especially important at this level as the educator shapes the thinking, education, and attitude of the representatives of future generations. These aspects are given special attention at the Faculty of Education of J. Selye University.  
J. Selye University is a minority tertiary institution in Slovakia. The diverse elements of art and art education, the branches and trends of art – chosen and preferred based on the subjective approach –, the peculiarity and diversity of the minority environment all meet here along with their interactions and connection points in the spirit of tolerance, understanding, acceptance in the 21st-century approach.
In this study, we examine the views, opinions, and experiences of the university students of the Faculty of Education at J. Selye University with regard to the outlined aspects, and then, as a result, we present some remarkable results, drawing the necessary conclusions.
Current trends and developments in the application of digital tools and implementation of environmental awareness and sustainability in PBL-based STEM education: a dual systematic literature review
Authors: Muzsalyiné Molnár Henrietta  , Horváth András  , Lénárd Sándor  , Nahalka István  , Radnóti Katalin
Published: September 2022

In our literature review, we analyzed educational science articles which provided up to date (from 2020 to 2022) research results on the application, implementation and development of problem-based learning tools, materials and methods (or frameworks)  in STEM subjects. The most common themes of those articles were the use of state of the art digital tools (e.g. VR or IVE) and topics based around environmental awareness (e.g. bushfire safety or the fauna of the seas) and sustainability (plastic pollution, low carbon awareness etc.). Based on the content of newly implemented elements and methodologies of the curricula, we marked typical tools and methods which may be utilized the most effectively in PBL - we also enlisted key contributing factors for implementational success (both systematic and (inter)personal ones). We also categorized the digital tools that were used in PBL of STEM - the overview suggests that the increased use of digital tools may not always be the primary instrument to enhance the subject-specific knowledge of the learners, but it can prove to be highly effective in developing other elements of the students’ skillset (e.g. soft skills).
Exploring science, mathematics and computer science education in high schools in selected regions of South Slovakia and Hungary
Authors: Katarina Szarka
Published: September 2022

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Péter Tóth – Kinga Horváth: Didactics
Authors: Békefi Teodóra
Published: September 2022

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Innlegg til að marka stefnu fyrir íslenska heilbrigðiskerfið með því að skoða greiðsluvilja, upplifun og væntingar almennings
Authors: Friðgeirsson Þórður Víkingur , Ingason Helgi Þór , Sigurjónsdóttir Dagmar Ýr , Garðarsson Jakob Falur
Published: September 2022

Í lýðræðisríkjum ætti stefnumótun opinberra skipuheilda að felast í að raungera vilja almennings á
skilvirkan og hagkvæman hátt. Skýr stefnumörkun skiptir ekki síst máli við þróun velferðarríkisins og
hvað þetta varðar er við margvíslegar áskoranir að glíma á næstu árum. Þetta á líka við um íslenska
heilbrigðiskerfið, en til þess rennur stór hluti allra opinberra útgjalda íslenska ríkisins. Við
stefnumörkun og stjórnsýslulega áætlanagerð þarf að taka mið af vilja almennings sem greiðir fyrir
þjónustuna og þekkja verður hug fólksins til hennar. Þessi rannsókn, sem gerð var stuttu fyrir
COVID-19 heimsfaraldurinn, sýnir að þó að íslenskur almenningur sé nokkuð ánægður með íslenska
heilbrigðiskerfið þá telur hann að það þurfi að bæta það að ýmsu leyti, og metur það svo að íslenska
kerfið standi sambærilegum kerfum á Norðurlöndunum að baki. Rannsóknin er megindleg og byggir
á stóru slemiúrtaki úr þjóðskrá og niðurstöður hennar eru lýsandi fyrir skoðanir almennings. Fram
koma afdráttarlausar niðurstöður um greiðsluvilja almennings til heilbrigðiskerfisins. Íslenskur
almenningur telur að of litlum fjármunum sé varið til heilbrigðismála og fram koma upplýsingar um
hvað almenningur telur að megi verja af fjármunum í tiltekin meðferðarúrræði, að gefnum líkum á
bata sjúklings.
Blood Loss and Need for Transfusion in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Authors: Siddique Abu Bakar , Yesmin Farhana , Babul Md Safiul Alam , Khan Shariful Islam , Chowdhury Anup Roy , Rahman Mohammad Habibur
Published: September 2022

Objective: To determine the amount of blood loss and need for blood transfusion in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).
Study Design: Observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology (NIKDU) and Popular Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from 2015 to 2019.
Methodology: The percutaneous Nephrolithotomy data were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with postoperative blood loss and need for blood transfusion. The amount of blood loss was estimated by the postoperative drop in hemoglobin factored by the quantity of blood transfusion. Various patients and procedure-related factors were assessed for association with total blood loss or blood transfusion requirement using stepwise univariate, forward multivariate regression analysis.
Results: A total of 232 procedures were performed on 216 patients. Two hundred and thirty-two procedures were included in the study. There were 167 males and 65 females. The mean age was 41±14 years. The mean hemoglobin drop was 1.68 ± 1.3 gm/dL. The overall blood transfusion rate was 13.2%. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that female gender (p = 0.003), stag-horn stone (p = 0.023), stone fragmentation with ultrasound (p = 0.054) and chronic renal failure (p = 0.001) were significantly predictive of the need for blood transfusion.
Conclusion: Chronic renal failure, female gender, presence of staghorn calculi, and stone fragmentation using the ultrasonic device were predictive of blood transfusion in this cohort of patients.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 124-128
Prediction of Persistent Storage Symptoms after Transurethral Resection of Prostate in Patients with Benign Enlargement of Prostate
Authors: Rahman Md Obaidur , Shameem Isteaq Ahmed , Islam Md Waliul , Sheikh Mohammad Faruk Hossain , Saiduzzaman BM , Chowdhury Tanuwar Islam
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Benign enlargement of prostate (BEP) is one of the common problem in elderly male. Most of the patients present with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) which consist of voiding symptoms and storage symptoms. Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is the gold standard treatment option for BEP. TURP improves both obstructive and storage symptoms in majority of cases. But sometimes storage symptoms persist after TURP. This study was done to predict the factors for persistence of storage symptoms after TURP by evaluating clinical and urodynamic variables.
Objective: To predict the factors for persistence of storage symptoms after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) by evaluating clinical and urodynamic variables.
Materials and Method: This was a prospective analytic study done in the department of Urology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university (BSMMU), Shabagh, Dhaka. In this study, total 60 patients of BEP with the indication of TURP were enrolled. Preoperative data includes Age of the patient, International prostate symptoms score(IPSS), IPSS storage sub score, Qmax, QoL scores, Maximum cystometric capacity(MCC), Post void residue(PVR), PdetQmax, Bladder contractility index (BCI) and postoperative data includes post-operative IPSS storage sub score, Qmax were recorded and analyzed.
Result: Among preoperative variables, Age (>65y) and IPSS storage sub score has highest predictive value. Bladder contractility index (BCI) and MCC have significant predictive value. Qmax and PVR have also predictive value.
Conclusion: This study result shows elderly patient of higher age group, preoperative high IPSS storage sub score, smaller MCC & high BCI have chance of persistence of storage symptoms.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 135-140
Relationship between Grades of Bladder Cancer with the Level of Arsenic in Drinking Water
Authors: Saiduzzaman BM , Alam AKM Khurshidul , Haider Mominul , Mahmud Md Shaleh , Islam Md Mominul , Islam Mohammad Manirul
Published: September 2022

Background: Arsenic is a heavy metal and it is considered carcinogenic to humans. In Bangladesh, most of the people consume arsenic polluted water above the nationally accepted level. Several studies have demonstrated that the ingestion of arsenic in drinking water is a strong risk factor for several malignancies including urothelial carcinoma. Clinicopathological features of bladder cancer are related to the amount of arsenic exposure and duration of arsenic exposure into the urinary tract and other risk factors. Aim of the study was to see the relationship between grades of bladder cancers with the level of arsenic in drinking water.
Objective: To see the relationship between the grades of bladder cancer with the level of arsenic in drinking water.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study done in the department of urology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka. In this study, a total of 72 histopathologically proven urothelial bladder carcinoma and history of at least 10 year underground water consumption patients were enrolled. Among them 12 patients were excluded from the study because no arsenic was found in sample underground drinking water. So, 60 patient was participants for this study. Sample of participant’s drinking water was collected by a selective non-reactive container. The level of arsenic level in microgram/Liter was measured by standard kit method and the level of arsenic was recorded.
Results: Arsenic exposure 30 years or more was regardless of the amount of arsenic consumption in drinking water was found high-grade cancer. No significant statistical difference was found in the grading of carcinoma with the level of arsenic in drinking water.
Conclusion: Arsenic exposure amount is not related to the grades of bladder cancer rather the duration of arsenic exposure in drinking water is related to the grades of bladder cancer.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 141-145
Outcome of Cyto Reductive Prostatectomy and ADT and Metastasis-Directed Therapy (MDT) in Patients with Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Cohort
Authors: Salam MA , Saha Pranasish , Haque Mir Etheshamul , Kaiser Ibrahim , Islam Gazi Shaniul
Published: September 2022

Objective: We wanted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new treatment of Oligosmetastatic prostate cancer (OMPC) with multimodal approach including local primary tumor therapy, in the form of Cytoreductive Prostatectomy, metastasis-directed therapy (MDT), and hormonal therapy .
Methods: We reviewed data of patients with Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer(OMPC) at diagnosis treated in our institutions with ADT and followed by Cytoreductive Prostatectomy (CP) with or without metastases-directed radiotherapy. In this prospective cohort study, 19 patients underwent Cytoreductive radical Prostatectomy and routine Lymphadenectomy, ADT with Degarelix, Aberateron and Prednisolone in the form of neoadjuvant setting during the period of Jan 2016 - March 2021. Of these,05 patients (26.31%) received stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to all metastatic sites as a MDT in addition to above protocol.
Results: The median follow-up period was 46.2 months. Perioperative outcomes, clinical progression, and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) were evaluated. Median age was 72 yr. Median operative time, blood loss, and length of hospitalization were 176 min, 850 ml, and 6 d, respectively. Overall, two patients (10.52%) experienced grade 3 complications in the postoperative period. All received blood transfusions. Overall, 15 (78.94%) and 8 (42.10%) patients had lymph node invasion and positive surgical margins, respectively. Adjuvant Radiation Therapy and androgen deprivation therapy was administered to all 8 patients (42.10%)who confirmed margin Positive status. Of the 19 patients, the 3-year castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)-free survival and cancer-specific survival was100%. Our findings support the safety and effectiveness of Cytoreductive Prostatectomy (C P) in a highly selected cohort of PCa patients with bone metastases and long-term follow-up
Conclusion: This Prospective cohort revealed the feasibility of combining ADT and Cytoreductive prostatectomy and metastasis-directed radiotherapy for newly-diagnosed Oligometastatic Prostatic Cancer. This treatment strategy has the potential to delay the progression to CRPC.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 146-154
A Study on Bipolar Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) versus Transurethral Resection and Electrovaporization (TURP-TUVP) Sandwich Procedure
Authors: Gain Sandipan , Naser Md Fazal , Hooda Md Nurul
Published: September 2022

Background: TURP is the gold standard for the endoscopic treatment of BPH. Nonetheless, it remains associated with significant morbidity, especially in terms of hemorrhage leading to possible blood transfusion and delayed hospital discharge. TUVP is associated with reported improvements in subjective and objective measures but a high rate of postoperative irritative symptoms and lack of tissue for histologic examination. The concept behind TURP and TUVP sandwich procedure is to overcome the drawbacks of the two procedures.
Objective: To compare the outcome of bipolar transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) and bipolar transurethral resection and electrovaporization of prostate (TURP-TUVP) sandwich procedure in patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Methods: This quasi experimental study was conducted in the Department of Urology, National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology (NIKDU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2017 to June 2019 over a period of 2 years. Sixty patients with BOO caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia scheduled for transurethral resection of prostate were included in this study. Patients were selected first by purposive sampling and were grouped into A and B with randomization. Group A patients underwent bipolar TURP while group B patients underwent sandwich method. Perioperative findings as well as IPSS Qmax and PVR after 3 months of operation were compared.
Results: Operative time was significantly longer in TURP-TUVP group than in TURP group (P value 0.036).Post operative hospital stay was significantly longer in TURP group (P value <0.001). Catheterization time was significantly higher in TURP group (P value <0.001).Intra-operative irrigation was significantly higher in TURP-TUVP group (P value 0.001). Post operative irrigation time was significantly longer in TURP group (P value <0.001). Hemoglobin decrease was significantly higher in TURP group (P value <0.001). Similarly, sodium decrease was higher in TURP group than that of TURP-TUVP group but not statistically significant (P value 0.81).Clot retention was 2 (6.7%) in TURP group. Short-term follow up at 3 month showed no significant difference in IPSS in TURP and TURP-TUVP groups (P value 0.349), significantly higher Qmax in TURP-TUVP group (P value 0.022) and significantly higher PVR in TURP group (P value0.005)
Conclusion:. TURP-TUVP procedure has higher operative time and intraoperative irrigation, but has significantly lower catheterization time, postoperative irrigation time, hemoglobin change and hospital stay.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 161-165
Effect of Time Duration on Bacterial Colonization in Double ‘J’ Stent after Ureteroscopy and Intracorporeal Pneumatic Lithotripsy in Adult
Authors: Islam Md Mominul , Hossain Tohid Mohammad Saiful , Hossain Shamim , Saiduzzaman BM , Alam Nabid
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Ureteric stone disease is common all over the world. Because of advancements in endourology and instruments- urologists manage ureteral stone effectively by ureteroscopy and lithotripsy using various energy sources. Commonly, lower ureteric stones are managed by ureteroscopy and intracorporeal pneumatic lithotripsy (URS and ICPL). After completing the procedure surgeons prefer to install double J (DJ) stent for a variable period within the ureter to overcome ureteral edema. There is no guideline for the optimal duration of keeping DJ stent in ureteral lumen. Urologists decide the duration of DJ stent according to their clinical experience & judgment- that makes a wide variation of stent period. Keeping the double J (DJ) stent for a longer duration may produce harmful effects, those even may be life-threatening.
Objective: To observe the effect of time duration on bacterial colonization in DJ stent after URS and ICPL.
Material and method: This experimental study was conducted in the Department of Urology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), for 1-year duration. The total sample size was 82. Samples were allocated into two groups. In group A: Double J stent was kept in situ for d” 4 weeks, whereas in Group B: stent duration was > 4 (up to 8) weeks. In this study, purposive sampling technique was implemented. Unilateral ureteral stone managed by URS, ICPL were included in the study. Patients having bilateral stones, co-morbidities like diabetes mellitus (DM), malignancy, immunosuppression, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and who had per operative ureteral injury were excluded. After removal of the DJ stent, 2-3 cm bladder-end tip was sent for culture and sensitivity. Reports were collected and documented.
Result: Out of 82 cases, 40 were in group A and 42 in group B. 62 patients were male, 20 were female. DJ stent culture was positive in 14 cases (17%), whereas urine culture was positive in 7cases (8.5%). Among those- both stent and urine were positive in 4 cases (4.8%). Stent positive but urine negative in 10 cases (71%). In positive cases, stent and urine were colonized by a similar organism. E. coli was the commonest causative organism. Stent culture was positive in 4 cases (28.6%) in group A, 10 cases (71.4%) in group B but it was statically insignificant (p-value 0.09).
Conclusion: Bacterial colonization in DJ stent increases with longer indwelling time. Individually stent or urine culture can not detect all pathogens in the urinary tract. So urine culture, as well as stent culture, is required to detect the uropathogen. The final recommendation is that-removal of DJ stent as early as possible is the key to prevent bacterial colonization.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 188-192
Outcome of PCNL by Supracostal Approach for Staghorn Stone in Comparison with Infracostal Approach
Authors: Hasan Md Mahmud , Rahman Md Mostafizur , Hossain Momtaz , Kabir Md Golam , Rashid Muhammad Mamunur , Arafuzzaman Khondoker , Islam Merajul , Ahmed Masud , Alam Md Mahmudul
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the treatment of choice for staghorn stones, large renal stones and some upper ureteric stones. The subcostal approach in staghorn stones has the problem of angulation and torque on the kidney but a supracostal approach provides direct access and thereby facilitates better stone clearance. The purpose of this study was to compare stone clearance rate and also to observe the complications between supracostal and infracostal access routes in managing staghorn calculi.
Materials and Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Department of Urology, of the three hospitals in Dhaka. A total of 68 subjects (32 in Supracostal group and 36 in Infracostal group) with staghorn stone who were treated by PCNL were the study subjects. Data were collected by interview of the patients, clinical examination and laboratory investigations using the research instrument. Data were processed and analysed using software SPSS version 11.5. The outcome measures were stone clearance, success rate, duration of hospital stay and complications encountered by the patients of either group.
Results: The findings of the study showed that there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, sex and body mass index. The groups were also similar in terms of side of kidney involved and incidence of multiple stones. As outcome was considered, stone-free and success rate, it was higher in the supracostal group compared to that in the infracostal group, while the rate of complications was higher in the infracostal group than that in the supracostal group. Some patients in both the groups required additional maneuver to augment stone clearance but not statistically significant. The additional maneuvers were extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) ,ureteroscopy with intracorporeal lithotripsy and PCNL.
Conclusions: The study concludes that outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn stone clearance is better in supracostal than infracostal approach and the rate of complications was higher in infracostal approach with higher duration of hospital stay.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 193-199
Complications of Suburethral Sling in the form of Mini Vaginal Tape (MVT): A Case Report
Authors: Islam Md Mominul , Islam Md Saiful , Alam AKM Khurshidul
Published: September 2022

Synthetic mid-urethral sling has become the most widely used technique for the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Despite its higher success rate significant complications have been reported including- migration, encrustation, and vesico-urethral fistula formation by a mid-urethral sling (MUS). Following the mid-urethral sling procedure, periurethral stone and urethrovaginal fistula formation are very uncommon. After an online search, we could not find any reported case of migration, encrustation and vesico-urethral fistula formation by mid-urethral sling (MUS). In this case a 55 years female presented with lower abdominal pain and incontinence, 10 years after mid-urethral sling procedure in the form of mini vaginal tape (MVT). We successfully removed the stone formed by encrustation of the displaced sling and repaired the fistula. Following the sling procedure, patients need long term follow up. Although rare, a high degree of suspicion is mandatory for diagnosis and management of complications.
Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(2): 232-234
Estado nutricional de ingresantes a medicina humana de una universidad pública peruana antes y durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Mamani-Barrueta Alejandro Javier , Ticona-Vidal Regis André , Maquera-Quispe Luis Fernando , Huiza-Cutipa Larissa Xiomara
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Comparar el estado nutricional de ingresantes a la carrera de medicina humana de una universidad pública peruana, antes y durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico y transversal, en 84 estudiantes ingresantes a la carrera de Medicina Humana de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann de Tacna, durante 2019-2020 (antes de la pandemia) y 2021 (durante la pandemia). Se revisaron exámenes de salud (IMC, hemoglobina, glucosa, colesterol) tomados en ayunas al ingreso de la carrera y adicionalmente se aplicó cuestionario anónimo y virtual, previo consentimiento informado con información socioeconómica, sedentarismo y preparación académica. Se utilizó frecuencias, estadístico Chi cuadrado con valor p < 0,05 y software STATA versión 16. Resultados: Los ingresantes, en su mayoría, provienen de colegios públicos y proceden de Tacna. Los ingresantes durante la pandemia presentan: sobrepeso (21,4 %), obesidad (14,3 %), anemia (2,4 %), límite alto de colesterol (16,7 %); en ingresantes antes de la pandemia: sobrepeso (40,5 %), obesidad (14,3 %), anemia (16,7 %), prediabetes (2,4 %), límite alto de colesterol (9,5 %); solo se encontró asociación con la anemia (p = 0,026). El sedentarismo del alumno y grado de instrucción de los padres no se asoció con estado nutricional. El tiempo de preparación fue mayor a dos años en ingresantes durante la pandemia (p = 0,007). Conclusión: No se encontró diferencias entre el estado nutricional de ingresantes antes o durante la pandemia, a excepción de mayor anemia en ingresantes antes de la pandemia.
Nasopharyngeal DLBCL Misdiagnosed as a Nasal Polyp in an 84-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Bang Je Ho , Lee Jong Hwan , Son Seung Yup , Lee Kun Hee
Published: September 2022

Malignant lymphoma is a malignant tumor that occurs in the lymphocytes but can also occur anywhere in the body. On the other hand, malignant lymphomas originating from the nasopharyngeal space are very rare. We experienced a case of 84-year-old female patient with a huge nasopharyngeal mass, who had no complaints other than right nasal congestion, intermittent rhinorrhea, and sneezing. A physical examination revealed a large, polypoid, transparent mass at her right nasal cavity. Nasal polyp was suspected and endoscopic sinus surgery was performed. On histological examination, she was diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, with CD20, BCL-2, and BCL-6 positive. Low dose maintenance chemotherapy was carried out in consideration of the patient’s age. A complete remission is expected based on the imaging tests following chemotherapy. We report a huge malignant lymphoma that occurred in an elderly patient’s nasopharyngeal space and successful low dose chemotherapy with a review of literature.
Subjective Gustatory Dysfunction Is Correlated With Subjective Olfactory Dysfunction in Geriatric Patients Regardless of Cognitive Function
Authors: Min Hyun Jin , Kim Seong Hee , Park Seung Yong , Choi Jae Hyoung , Kim Sun Mi , Han Doug Hyun , Kim Kyung Soo
Published: September 2022

Background and Objectives Fewer studies are available on geriatric patients’ gustatory dysfunction than on their olfactory dysfunction. Here we aimed to evaluate the relationship between subjective gustatory dysfunction and subjective or objective olfactory dysfunction according to cognitive function in geriatric patients.Subjects and Method We prospectively enrolled patients who underwent both cognitive function test and olfactory function test between August 2018 and May 2019. The correlation between subjective gustatory dysfunction and subjective olfactory dysfunction or conventional olfactory function scores was evaluated for geriatric patients with or withhout cognitive dysfunction. Participants with a threshold-discrimination-identification (TDI) score (<21) on the YSK olfactory function test were diagnosed with olfactory dysfunction. Subjective gustatory function and olfactory function were evaluated using the visual analog scale. The Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Packet and Mini-Mental State Examination were administered to all participants. Overall, 120 patients (27 male, 93 female; mean age, 73.00±7.50 years) were enrolled.Results We found that the subjective gustatory function score did not correlate with the threshold, discrimination, identification, or the summation of TDI scores of the olfactory function test but was significantly associated with the subjective olfactory function score (p<0.001). Further, there was no significant correlation between the subjective gustatory function score and cognitive function.Conclusion The subjective olfactory function score was the only factor significantly correlated with the subjective gustatory function score. Based on these results, we suggest evaluating gustatory function in geriatric patients with olfactory dysfunction.
Initial steps for integrating academic electronic health records into clinical curricula of physical and occupational therapy in the United States: a survey-based observational study
Authors: Burrows Stephen , Halperin Lola , Nemec Eric , Romney Wendy
Published: September 2022

Training programs must be designed to prepare physical and occupational therapy students to use electronic health records (EHR) and interprofessional collaboration. This report aims to describe physical and occupational therapy students’ perceptions of integrating an academic EHR (AEHR) in their problem-based learning (PBL) curricula in the College of Health Professions, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, Connecticut, the United States. A paper-based case approach to PBL was adapted by creating patient cases in an AEHR. Students were asked to complete chart reviews and review provider notes to enhance their learning. An online survey was conducted to determine their perceptions of using AEHR from May 2014 to August 2015. Eighty-five students completed the survey, and 88.1% felt that using an AEHR was needed, and 82.4% felt that the additional notes enhanced their understanding of the interdisciplinary team. However, 83.5% reported the AEHR system increased the time needed to extract meaningful information. Incorporating an AEHR into curricula is essential to ensure students are adequately prepared for future patient interactions.
Medical students’ self-assessed efficacy and satisfaction with training on endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization with smart glasses in Taiwan: a non-equivalent control-group pre- and post-test study
Authors: Lin Yu-Fan , Wang Chien-Ying , Huang Yen-Hsun , Lin Sheng-Min , Yang Ying-Ying
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization are essential procedures in clinical practice. Simulation-based technology such as smart glasses has been used to facilitate medical students’ training on these procedures. We investigated medical students’ self-assessed efficacy and satisfaction regarding the practice and training of these procedures with smart glasses in Taiwan.Methods: This observational study enrolled 145 medical students in the 5th and 6th years participating in clerkships at Taipei Veterans General Hospital between October 2020 and December 2021. Students were divided into the smart glasses or the control group and received training at a workshop. The primary outcomes included students’ pre- and post-intervention scores for self-assessed efficacy and satisfaction with the training tool, instructor’s teaching, and the workshop.Results: The pre-intervention scores for self-assessed efficacy of 5th- and 6th-year medical students in endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization procedures showed no significant difference. The post-intervention score of self-assessed efficacy in the smart glasses group was better than that of the control group. Moreover, 6th-year medical students in the smart glasses group showed higher satisfaction with the training tool, instructor’s teaching, and workshop than those in the control group.Conclusion: Smart glasses served as a suitable simulation tool for endotracheal intubation and central venous catheterization procedures training in medical students. Medical students practicing with smart glasses showed improved self-assessed efficacy and higher satisfaction with training, especially for procedural steps in a space-limited field. Simulation training on procedural skills with smart glasses in 5th-year medical students may be adjusted to improve their satisfaction.
In-Flight Medical Emergencies Management by Anesthetist-Intensivists and Emergency Physicians
Authors: Diop Sylvain , Birnbaum Ron , Cook Fabrice , Mounier Roman
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: In-flight medical emergencies (IME) are challenging situations: aircraft cabins are noisy and narrow, medical supplies are scarce, and high-altitude related physiological changes may worsen chronic respiratory or cardiac conditions. The aim of this study was to assess
the extent to which anesthetist-intensivists and emergency physicians are aware of IME specificities.METHODS: A questionnaire containing 21 items was distributed to French anesthetist-intensivists and emergency physicians between January and May 2020 using the mailing list of the
French Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine and the French Society of Emergency Medicine. The following topics were evaluated: high-altitude related physiological changes, medical and human resources available inside commercial aircraft, common medical incidents likely to happen
on board, and previous personal experiences.RESULTS: The questionnaire was completed by 1064 physicians. The items corresponding to alterations in the arterial oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and heart rate at cruising altitude were answered correctly by less than half of the
participants (respectively, 3%, 42%, and 44% of the participants). Most responders (83%) were interested in a complementary training on IME management.DISCUSSION: The present study illustrates the poor knowledge in the medical community of the physiological changes induced by altitude
and their consequences. In addition to offering specific theoretical courses to the medical community, placing sheets in commercial aircraft summarizing the optimal management of the main emergencies likely to happen on board might be an interesting tool.Diop S, Birnbaum R, Cook F,
Mounier R. In-flight medical emergencies management by anesthetist-intensivists and emergency physicians. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022; 93(8):633–636.
Trade and Diplomacy: The Failure of Preparing for the Chinese Exhibition in the Crystal Palace in 1851
Authors: Qiong Yu
Published: September 2022

This article explores British efforts to organize a Chinese section for the famous Great Exhibition of 1851. It details the difficult negotiations and compromises that took place among British administrators, Chinese imperial authorities, and local merchants in order to secure a Chinese display that promoted the imagined virtues of free trade. The article argues that Britain’s failure to solicit the active support of Chinese elites reflected the strained commercial and political relations in the period between the two Opium Wars. By probing the global origins of Great Exhibition, the article provides a more comprehensive picture of Sino-British encounters in the mid-nineteenth century.
Intention of Reverse Migration and Diaspora Networks: Factors Influencing Reverse Migration Tendencies of High-Skilled Turks in Germany
Authors: DURMAZ Atakan , PABUÇCU Hakan , KÖMÜR Gökhan
Published: September 2022

The study aims at revealing the remigration trends of the skilled Turkish immigrants in Germany especially towards Turkey by examining international emigrational trends and the factors that cause these trends. In this context of study, a field of study was carried out between the period of 15/11/2018 and 30/04/2019, and 1,127 participants, 451 students (40%), and 676 graduates (60%) were reached across Germany under the fieldwork. The logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data via regression coefficients when interpreting continuous variables. Additionally, Odds Ratio (OR) values were used while interpreting categorical variables and so the differences between reference categories were revealed. According to the results of the research, the immigrants who cannot economically integrate into the country of immigration and face negative situations such as xenophobia while looking for a job and tend to return to their countries. The return trend of immigrants who try to follow the developments in their countries, which keep their relations with their countries strong, is higher than the other immigrants. In addition, there are differences for the evaluation of sociopolitical conditions besides international migration tendencies of immigrants who complete socialization process in their own country and those who end this process in the immigrant country.
A Policy of Migrant Integration in Europe: Combating Discrimination
Authors: ERAT Veysel , DEMİRCİ Kıvanç
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study is to perform a comparative analysis of the increasing discrimination of immigrants in connection with the migration movements occurring around the world, through selected European countries. The Migrant Integration Policy Index/The Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) classification table was taken as a basis in the selection of the target countries, and the relevant data were supported by the studies of the European Statistical Office (EUROSTAT).

The study is based on document analysis, which is a qualitative research method. In addition to the studies on the fight against discrimination, related studies of respected individuals, institutions and organizations are also included. Will contribute to improving the quality of life of immigrants and the implementation processes of public policies on immigration in the increasing migration climate.

As a result of the research, it was concluded that the rankings of 4 different countries (Sweden, France, Spain, Switzerland) selected from different categories between MIPEX data and application area changed disproportionately. According to the results obtained, it has been understood that the standards applied to EU citizens in the relevant 4 countries are not applied to immigrant individuals. It has been concluded that immigrant individuals experience social and economic problems, especially social exclusion, in countries.
Evaluating the Status of Theories of Emotion in Political Science and Psychology
Authors: Marcus George
Published: September 2022

Emotion is an increasing influential area of research in psychology, political psychology, political science and other social sciences. Research is best when driven by theory because the absence of theory generates research that is subject to vagaries of meaning, interpretation, and lack of coherence, study to study. In brief, theory provides essential foundations that enable scientific explanations to be rigorously tested. As I demonstrate below, absence of, or reliance on, incomplete theories have generated results that are demonstrably flawed. I evaluate the extent to which current emotion research programs rely on a full blown theory. The programs under consideration, in alphabetical order, are: appraisal theories in psychology and political science; emotion regulation; and, valence based accounts. After a brief overview of the elements, individually and collectively, that constitute a theory of emotion. I find this worthy ambition awaits fulfillment.
Ferrites Embedded Nanocomposites for High-Q inductors
Authors: Singh N. B. , Knight Thomas , Choa Fow-Sen , Arnold Bradley , Loiacono Julian , Betley Jennifer
Published: September 2022

Polymer matrix based nano ferrite composites were prepared to achieve high inductance and hence to increase the performance of RF devices on chip inductors. A commercially suitable and scalable spin spray method was used to demonstrate the feasibility of deposition on silicon wafer. A detailed studies was performed with three alloys of Fe70Al5Cu5Si20Oδ, Co70Fe9Cu6Si15Oδ, and Co70Al5Fe20Si5Oδ compositions. These composites of ferrite magnetic nanomaterials were fabricated into the ring structures and properties such as permeability and resistivity were measured to correlated with morphology and concentration of the alloy in the matrix. Fabricated single coil coplanar inductors were characterized for the electrical and magnetic properties for the 100 to 100,000 KHz frequency range. The measurement showed performances improvement in the frequency range up to 1000KHz. The Co/Fe nanocomposite sample showed high permeability and a flat response as function of voltage and frequency making it a very good embedded inductor material. These composites provided inductance in the range up to 10 µH a suitable value for practical applications.