bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Appreciating the Role of Communication in Promoting Sustainable Livelihood: A Closer Look at Some Selected Literature
Authors: Odoom Daniel , Obeng-Baah Joseph , Crowder Van , Asumang Ebenezer
Published: June 2022

Livelihood interventions are essential to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). Issues such as poverty (SDG 1), hunger and food security (SDG 2), education (SDG 4), and consumption and production (SDG 12) are central to improved livelihoods. To this end, development actors are encouraged to implement carefully designed livelihood interventions to improve the lives of people. A vital argument which dominates livelihood discourses is the issue of sustainability. The debates on sustainable livelihood appear unending, especially in developing nations where poverty continues to threaten the lives of many citizens. Particularly, there are varying positions on the concept of sustainable livelihood and its core elements. Indeed, the seeming lack of clarity on the concept of sustainable livelihood presents a challenge to development actors in their attempts to ensure improved livelihoods. Against this backdrop, this paper attempts to contribute to bringing clarity to the concept of sustainable livelihood and the role communication plays in its promotion through a review of some selected literature. The authors submit that sustainable livelihood cannot be achieved especially in developing countries without access to adequate information and improved communication strategies. They maintain that no livelihood policy can sustainably be implemented without consciously designed efforts on the part of stakeholders to integrate policy communication strategies into the policy. Finally, the authors contend that participatory communication approaches are central to any sustainable livelihood initiatives and must, therefore, be given the necessary preeminence in sustainable livelihood thinking and theorizing. Keywords: Livelihood, sustainable livelihood framework, information, participatory communication, policy communication.
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF IRON-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES USING SCRAP IRON AS PRECURSOR FOR THE REMOVAL OF PB (II) FROM AQUEOUS MEDIUM
Authors: Taqui Mohd , Das Sneha , Kamilya Tuhin , Mondal Sandip , Chaudhuri Surabhi
Published: June 2022

In the present study, low-cost, environmentally friendly, single-step, high productive novel Iron-oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared from scrap iron using a green synthesis method to remove Pb (II) from aqueous solution. The characterization of synthesized nanoparticles was conducted by UV-vis spectroscopy. The crystalline structure and the phase change were clarified by XRD. FE-SEM was done to know the morphology of iron oxide nanoparticles, and the average surface area of 46.856 m2/g was found by the BET surface area analyzer. The XRD plot shows that the obtained magnetite Fe3O4 combines FeO and Fe2O3 as the synthesis was conducted in the open atmosphere. The SEM images confirm the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles with a size of 31 nm. The removal efficiency of the adsorbent was carried out by optimizing the different operational parameters like pH, time, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of metal ion, contact time by batch studies. The obtained pHzpc (pH 5.7) value indicates that the adsorption process will be favorable at higher pH. The maximum removal efficiency and uptake capacity of lead were 98% and 68.07 mg/g, respectively. Adsorption data obtained were analyzed with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations. The equilibrium data are fitted by Langmuir isotherm in a superior way than that of Freundlich isotherm. The results show that homogeneous adsorption of the metal ion favors heterogeneous adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of iron oxide NPs was calculated through Langmuir isotherm was Qmax (68.07) mg/g. Moreover, the adsorption of metal ions with time was also analyzed with the pseudo 1st and pseudo 2nd kinetic equations. The kinetic data are fitted more in the pseudo 2nd order reaction. Adsorption capacity calculated through pseudo 2nd order equation was qe (51.81) mg/g. This literature verifies that NPs synthesized from scrap iron as precursors prove to be an attractive option for removing heavy metals.
Stellar Halos from the The Dragonfly Edge-on Galaxies Survey
Authors: Gilhuly Colleen , Merritt Allison , Abraham Roberto , Danieli Shany , Lokhorst Deborah , Liu Qing , van Dokkum Pieter , Conroy Charlie , Greco Johnny
Published: June 2022

We present the primary results from the Dragonfly Edge-on Galaxies Survey, an exploration of the stellar halos of twelve nearby (d < 25 Mpc) edge-on disk galaxies with the Dragonfly Telephoto Array. The edge-on orientation of these galaxies allows their stellar halos to be explored with minimal obscuration by or confusion with the much brighter disk light. Galaxies in the sample span a range of stellar masses from 109.68 to 1010.88
M
⊙. We confirm that the wide range of stellar halo mass fractions previously seen for Milky Way–mass galaxies is also found among less massive spiral galaxies. The scatter in stellar halo mass fraction is large, but we do find a significant positive correlation between stellar halo mass fraction and total stellar mass when the former is measured beyond five half-mass radii. Reasonably good agreement is found with predictions from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, although observed stellar halo fractions appear to be somewhat lower than expected from these simulations.
Anxiety and Its Associated Factors Among School-aged Adolescents in East Jakarta, Indonesia during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic
Authors: Akbar Ucha Maulana , Yenny Yenny
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can be a significant psychological stressor which is associated with increased levels of anxiety and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

AIM: To determine adolescent anxiety prevalence and associated risk factors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: An online cross-sectional survey was performed from February to April 2021 at SMPN 9, East Jakarta, on 304 adolescents. The subjects were examined using sociodemographic form and self-report measures of anxiety, COVID-19 knowledge, and physical activity. The statistical significance level was set at p ˂ 0.05.

RESULTS: Median age was 14 years (range 12–16) and prevalence of anxiety 19.4%. Multivariable logistic regression findings: gender (adjusted odd ratio [aOR] = 2.50; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–4.98; p = 0.009), physical activity (aOR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.15–4.06; p = 0.017;), knowledge level of COVID-19 (aOR = 1.81; 95% CI = 0.99–3.32; p = 0.053); age (aOR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.19–1.46; p = 0.218); education (aOR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.35–2.64; p = 0.932). Gender and physical activity were significantly associated with risk of adolescent anxiety.

CONCLUSION: Inactive physical activity status increases the risk of adolescent anxiety. Governmental regulations are needed on the planning and implementation of a health education program for increasing physical activity among adolescents to improve physical and mental health. As a follow-up to this study, there is a need for conducting a study to determine changes in prevalence rates of adolescent anxiety during as well as after the pandemic and its associated risk factors with a better design study.
Neuroprotective effects of a 40% ethanol extract of the black walnut bark (Juglans nigra L.)
Authors: Pozdnyakov Dmitry I. , Dayronas Zhanna V. , Zolotych Denis S. , Geraschenko Anastasya D. , Shabanova Natalya B.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Neuroprotection is a promising area of adjuvant therapy of ischemic brain lesions. At the same time, among potentially effective neuroprotectors, herbal remedies are distinguished due to their high efficiency and safety of use. In this work, some aspects of the neuroprotective effect of 40% ethanol extract of black walnut bark were investi­gated in comparison with its major component juglone.

Materials and methods: The work was performed on male Wistar rats, which were simulated with cerebral ischemia by irreversible occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The acute toxicity of the extract was preliminarily evaluated. During the work, the following parameters were determined: changes in the behavior of animals in the Morris water maze, cerebral blood flow, brain necrosis zone area, the activity of mitochondrial complexes, citrate synthase activity, lactic, pyruvic, and ATP concentrations. The activity of the studied extract was compared with juglone in a concentra­tion of 1 mg/kg (per os).

Discussion: The study showed that the use of black walnut bark extract in conditions of cerebral ischemia contributed to an increase in the activity of mitochondrial complexes I-V, citrate synthase, which in turn led to the normalization of aerobic-anaerobic metabolism reactions. The increase in the activity of respiratory complexes is probably mediated by the antioxidant properties of juglone, which is a major component of the test extract of black walnut bark.

Conclusion: Thus, the test extract can be a potentially effective neuroprotective agent and requires further study.
Antiproliferative activity of a new derivative from the class of N-glycoside of indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazoles
Authors: Kiseleva Marina P. , Borisova Larisa M. , Smirnova Galina B. , Borisova Yulia A. , Lantsova Anna V. , Sanarova Ekaterina V. , Nikolaeva Lyudmila L. , Ektova Lydia V. , Komarova Marina V.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The creation of highly effective original anticancer drugs remains an urgent direction of scientific research in tumor therapy. One of the promising groups in this regard is indolocarbazoles and their derivatives, which are capable of initiating various pathways of tumor cell death. The aim of the study was to evaluate an antiproliferative activity of a new, Russian derivative of N-glycoside substituted indolocarbazole 6-amino-12-(α-L-arabinopyranosyl)indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-5,7-dione (LCS-1208) on models of transplantable tumors of mice and on human tumors in Balb/c nude mice. Materials and methods: Indolocarbazole sensitivity to LCS-1208 was assessed on transplantable tumors of mice – lymphatic leukemia L-1210, cervical carcinoma (CC-5), and colon adenocarcinoma (CAC) by five-fold intraperitoneal administration (ip) of the LCS-1208 substance in single doses of 50, 75, 100 mg/kg. Investigation into the effectiveness of the LCS-1208 lyo dosage form was performed on subcutaneous xenografts of human colon cancer SW620 by an in­travenous administration (iv). The antitumor effect was evaluated by the tumor growth inhibition (TGI) and an increase in life span (ILS) of the treated animals as compared with the control ones. Evaluation of specific antitumor activity on xenografts was performed according to the tumor/control (T/C%) criterion (maximum criterion T/C≤42%). Results and discussion: According to the results of the study, the most sensitive to the action of the LCS-1208 sub­stance in the case of an ip administration of a total dose of 375 mg/kg were CAC with TGI=97–62%, p≤0.001 up to 16 days after the treatment, and ILS=36% (criteria for TGI≥70% and ILS≥25%). On xenografts of a human colon cancer SW620, the effectiveness of the LCS-1208 lyo drug dosage form within the range of total doses from 50 to 150 mg/kg in case of iv to Balb/c nude mice was set at T/C = 35–2% (criterion T/C<42%). Conclusion: The presented results suggest possible effectiveness of LCS-1208 in treatment of colon malignant tumors of humans.
Caridina stellata, a new species of atyid shrimp (Decapoda, Caridea, Atyidae) with the male description of Caridina cavernicola Liang & Zhou, 1993 from Guangxi, China
Authors: Guo Guo-Cai , Chen Qing-Hua , Chen Wen-Jian , Cai Chao-Huang , Guo Zhao-Liang
Published: June 2022

Caridina stellatasp. nov. is described from streams in Guangxi, south-western China. The new species clearly belongs to “Caridina serrata group” of the genus and shows a morphological similarity with C. cantonensis Yu, 1938, C. serrata Stimpson, 1860 and C. pacboDo et al. 2020. Caridina stellata is distinguished from congeners, based on differences in its male first pleopod and appendix masculina morphology, along with COI and 16S rRNA molecular evidence. The first pleopod endopod in male is rectangle, about 0.70 × length of exopod, about 3.7–3.9 × as long as proximally wide, inner margin concave, bearing nearly equal spine setae, outer margin bearing nearly equal long and dense spine setae; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 1/5 of endopod, reaching to end of endopod, with cincinuli distally. The new species displays a unique and brightly coloured pattern and, therefore, can be easily recognised in the field. Liang & Zhou, 1993 described C. cavernicola from the Lenggu Cave, Du’an County, Guangxi. However, the description was based exclusively on two females. We have collected specimens of both sexes near the type locality and describe herein the previously unknown male and present morphological data on females. Data on the habitat, ecology and levels of threat of the two species are provided and suggest that they should be categorised as vulnerable (VU) under the current IUCN Criteria.
Orientation politique et soutien à l’innovation pédagogique : qui sont les plus réfractaires ?
Authors: Darnon Céline , Sommet Nicolas , Normand Alice , Stanczak Arnaud , Désert Michel
Published: June 2022

Cette recherche étudie le lien entre orientation politique et attitude vis-à-vis d’une nouvelle méthode pédagogique. Des parents d’élèves ont lu la description d’une nouvelle méthode pédagogique et ont rapporté leur intérêt dans cette méthode ainsi que leur soutien à sa mise en place dans l’école de leurs enfants. En fonction de la condition expérimentale, la méthode était présentée, soit comme égalisant les performances scolaires des élèves issus de milieux favorisés et défavorisés (méthode « égalisante »), soit comme les maintenant (méthode « maintenante »). L’orientation politique des parents était mesurée. Les résultats ont montré que plus leur orientation politique tendait vers la droite, moins les parents étaient intéressés par la méthode et moins ils soutenaient son implémentation dans l’école de leur.s enfant.s. En outre, l’orientation à droite prédisait négativement le soutien à la méthode égalisante, et non à la méthode maintenante. Les implications de ces résultats pour le changement de l’école sont discutées.
Vers l’implémentation du modèle de Réponse à l’Intervention dans les systèmes éducatifs d’Europe francophone ?
Authors: de Chambrier Anne-Françoise , Dierendonck Christophe
Published: June 2022

Né aux États-Unis notamment comme une alternative au critère de discrépance utilisé pour diagnostiquer un trouble spécifique d’apprentissage, le modèle de la Réponse à l’Intervention préconise, dans une optique de prévention, d’envisager un tel diagnostic pour les élèves qui résistent à un enseignement fondé sur la recherche et à un soutien plus intensif dispensé rapidement aux élèves en ayant besoin. Différentes versions de ce modèle se sont développées et le Système de Soutien à Paliers Multiples semble s’imposer progressivement. Bien que de telles initiatives permettent, à certaines conditions, de diminuer le nombre d’enfants orientés vers les services spécialisés, elles sont à peine évoquées dans les systèmes éducatifs d’Europe francophone. Le présent article propose une revue de ces différents modèles, de leur intérêt, des principales critiques qui leur sont adressées, ainsi que des conditions qui seraient nécessaires à leur mise à l’essai dans les pays européens francophones.
Motivation incitatrice : un aperçu historique des enjeux théoriques
Authors: Anselme Patrick
Published: June 2022

Nous avons toujours tenté d’expliquer l’origine des comportements animaux et humains. Mais c’est seulement au cours du xx e  siècle que la science a permis des progrès majeurs dans la compréhension des processus qui les contrôlent. À partir des concepts intuitifs d’instinct et de drive a été élaborée la notion de motivation incitatrice, laquelle suggère que le comportement motivé résulte d’un changement dans la perception de certains stimuli en certaines circonstances. Ces stimuli passent du statut d’objets quelconques à celui de récompenses sans que cela nécessite une « pulsion » interne, un réapprentissage ou l’anticipation d’un plaisir. La motivation incitatrice est un processus inconscient, sous contrôle dopaminergique, qui explique une large gamme de phénomènes – en particulier ceux d’origine pavlovienne. On verra toutefois que toute forme d’attraction pour un stimulus impliquant de la dopamine ne peut se réduire à ce qui est appelé la « saillance incitatrice » du stimulus.
Ukraine : comprendre la résistance
Authors: Amiot Hervé
Published: June 2022

L'invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie en février 2022 n'a pas abouti au résultat escompté par Vladimir Poutine. Les troupes russes ont en effet été confrontées à une forte résistance de l'armée ukrainienne et, plus largement, de la population. L'ampleur et l'efficacité de cette résistance peuvent être expliquées par le développement du sentiment national ukrainien depuis 2014 et par la mise en place, à partir de la même année, d'un réseau de volontaires lié au conflit dans le Donbass.
Les conséquences de la guerre d’Ukraine pour le secteur de l’énergie
Authors: Eyl-Mazzega Marc-Antoine
Published: June 2022

Le déclenchement de la guerre en Ukraine a renforcé les chocs sur les marchés énergétiques. L'Union européenne a compris soudainement le coût de sa dépendance aux hydrocarbures russes et cherche depuis lors à accélérer la diversification de ses approvisionnements et de son mix énergétique. Elle devra aussi apprendre à réduire sa consommation. Au-delà de l'Europe, les impératifs de sécurité énergétique semblent avoir pris le pas sur les objectifs climatiques.
Alger au Sahel : stabilité et sécurité
Authors: Zoubir Yahia H. , Abderrahmane Abdelkader
Published: June 2022

Entourée d'une Libye et d'un Sahel plongés dans la tourmente, Alger tente de redéfinir son rôle régional après la longue parenthèse Bouteflika. Puissance incontournable de la région, elle joue pour ce faire de son héritage d'une diplomatie de dialogue, affirmant de plus en plus ses choix propres : coopérations bilatérales, organisation d'une réponse régionale à l'instabilité, diplomatie économique, dans une logique qui demeure méfiante vis-à-vis des acteurs extérieurs à la zone.
L’Union européenne peut-elle apaiser les rapports Paris-Alger ?
Authors: O’Rourke John
Published: June 2022

L'Algérie et l'Union européenne (UE) sont liées par un accord d'association entré en vigueur en 2005, mais cet accord n'a pas permis d'insuffler les réformes attendues par Bruxelles. La Politique européenne de voisinage offre néanmoins des avantages et opportunités. Son côté technocratique et pragmatique peut permettre de conduire des coopérations de manière dépassionnée, même si les tensions récurrentes entre Paris et Alger ne manquent pas d'affecter la relation avec l'UE.
Dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in insect processed animal proteins used as a feed – is there a health risk?
Authors: Pajurek M. , Warenik-Bany M. , Mikołajczyk S. , Maszewski S. , Kwiatek K.
Published: June 2022

Insects have all the characteristics necessary to become an alternative source of protein in feed. However, as with feed materials of animal origin, insect processed animal proteins (IPAPs) can also accumulate persistent organic pollutants such as dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Therefore, the aim of the present study is to complete the information on dioxin and PCB concentrations in feeds and compound feeds containing insect protein from mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and the black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens). For the IPAPs samples of both mealworms and the black soldier flies, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) results ranged from 0.05 to 0.10 ng WHO-TEQ/kg feed at 12% moisture, for the total PCDDs/PCDFs/dl-PCBs ranged from 0.07 to 0.12 ng WHO-TEQ/kg feed at 12% moisture, and for non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (ndl-PCBs) from 0.04 to 0.43 μg/kg feed at 12% moisture. Additionally, an experiment was conducted in which broilers were fed feeds containing IPAPs in an attempt to assess the risk to food consumers regarding dioxins and PCBs. Our studies showed that IPAPs from mealworms (T. molitor) and black soldier flies (H. illucens) will not pose a risk in terms of dioxins and PCBs.
Scaphoid Nonunion: A Review of Surgical Strategies
Authors: Van Nest Duncan , Ilyas Asif M.
Published: June 2022

The scaphoid is predisposed to nonunion after fracture because of its tenuous blood supply and propensity for delayed diagnosis. Many surgical techniques exist and continue to be developed to treat scaphoid non-unions. However, with variability in patient presentation, differences in nonunion location and type, and multiple bone graft sources and fixation options, selecting a surgical strategy proves a difficult task. The goal of this article is to provide an updated review of surgical strategies used to treat scaphoid nonunions. Particular attention is paid to methods of fixation as well as the ongoing debate over indications for structural and vascularized bone grafting. [
Orthopedics
. 2022;45(5):e235–e242.]
Operative Versus Nonoperative Management of Displaced Midshaft Clavicle Fractures: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Wall Kevin C. , Reddy Gireesh B. , Corrigan Kelsey L. , Toth Alison P. , Garrigues Grant E.
Published: June 2022

To date, the optimal management of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures remains unknown. Operatively, plate or nail fixation may be used. Nonoperatively, the options are sling or harness. Given the equivocal effectiveness between approaches, the costs to the health care system and the patient become critical considerations. A decision tree model was constructed to study plate and sling management of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. Primary analysis used 6 randomized controlled trials that directly compared open reduction and internal fixation with a plate to sling. Secondary analysis included 18 studies that studied either plate, sling, or both. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated using quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Second-order Monte Carlo probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) was subsequently conducted. In primary analysis, at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $100,000, operative management was found to be less cost-effective relative to nonoperative management, with an ICER of $606,957/QALY (0.03 additional QALYs gained for an additional $16,120). In PSA, sling management was cost-effective across all WTP ranges. In secondary analysis, the ICER decreased to $75,230/QALY. Primary analysis shows that plate management is not a cost-effective option. In secondary analysis, the incremental effectiveness of plate management increased enough that the calculated ICER is below the WTP threshold of $100,000; however, the strength of evidence in secondary analysis is lower than in primary analysis. Thus, because neither option is dominant in this model, both plate and sling remain viable approaches, although the cost-conscious decision will be to treat these fractures with a sling until future data suggest otherwise. [
Orthopedics
. 2022;45(5):e243–e251.]
On the linearized system of elasticity in the half-space
Authors: Kerdid Nabil
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this paper is twofold. The first goal is to provide a simple and constructive proof of Korn inequalities in half-space with weighted norms. The proof leads to explicit values of the constants. The second objective is to use these inequalities to show that the linear elasticity system in half-space admits a coercive variational formulation. This formulation corresponds to the physical case in which the solution is evanescent at infinity.
Staphylococcus aureus antimicrobial efflux pumps and their inhibitors: recent developments
Authors: Lekshmi Manjusha , Stephen Jerusha , Ojha Manisha , Kumar Sanath , Varela Manuel
Published: June 2022

The microorganism Staphylococcus aureus is a notorious causative agent of bacterial infection. The widespread presence of this pathogen has caused significant morbidity and mortality rates in clinical healthcare settings and communities. Due to its increasingly frequent recalcitrant nature towards clinically available antimicrobial agents, the bacterium poses a considerable public health crisis. A significant bacterial mechanism of antimicrobial agent resistance includes multidrug efflux pump systems. These antimicrobial efflux determinants translate into several large superfamilies of transporters that share related amino acid sequences, similarities in three-dimensional structures, modes of energization, and solute transport catalysis across the membrane. Because of their ubiquitous nature and functional role in virulence, these multidrug transporters make good targets for inhibition. This review briefly summarizes recent key findings regarding multidrug efflux activity and modulation in the MATE, SMR, and MFS transporters.
Structural rate of unemployment, hysteresis, human capital, and macroeconomic data
Authors: Le Page Jean-Marie
Published: June 2022

The relationship between the unemployment rate and the evolution of human capital is different depending on whether one subscribes to a neoclassical logic or to a hysteresis theory. This paper proposes that when the unemployment rate reaches a high level for some time, the persistence phenomenon, or hysteresis, weakens the attractive forces of the natural rate of unemployment. The unemployment rate can then reach a different equilibrium value. However, according to Blanchard and Summers, this equilibrium is unstable and fragile. In the second part of this paper, we propose an indicator to measure the intensity of the attraction forces of the natural rate of unemployment. The empirical values of this index show the weak attraction forces of the natural rate of unemployment in economies with high levels of long-term unemployment.
Acidic and enzymatic pre-treatment effects on cold-pressed pumpkin, terebinth and flaxseed oils
Authors: Özkılıç S.Y. , Arslan D.
Published: June 2022

Oil yield and the properties of oil can be improved with various enzymatic pre-treatments before obtaining oil from oilseeds by cold-press extraction. A commercial mixture of pectolytic enzymes was used in this study. In addition, apple seed meal as a source of β-glucosidase enzyme and citric acid were applied to oilseeds (pumpkin, terebinth and flaxseed) as pre-treatments. The results were evaluated by comparing the effects of the pre-treatments on oil yield and properties. Enzyme preparate could increase the oil yield of pumpkin seeds (~300%) and flaxseed (151%). Significant increases in the phenolic contents of terebinth (from 91.67 to 319.33 mg GAE/kg) and flaxseed oils (from 12.03 to 40.47 mg GAE/kg) were achieved by citric acid and enzymatic pre-treatments. These two pre-treatments were also effective in terms of peroxide formation and oxidative stability in terebinth oil. With the help of the pre-treatments applied to oilseeds it was possible to increase the transition of phenolics from seeds to oil for terebinth oil with increase ratios of 245% for citric acid, 248% for the enzymatic process compared to the control.
Leaf Disease Detection and Remedy Recommendation Using CNN Algorithm
Authors: Kompalli Prasanna Lakshmi , Mekala Keerthana Reddy , Modala Venkata Sai Rupa Sree , Devalla Varsha , Kompalli Avinash Bhargav
Published: June 2022

In many countries, agriculture has an excess impact on life of human beings and economic status. As leaf plays an important role, it gives information about the quantity and quality of agriculture yield depending upon the condition in advance. In this paper, we proposed the system which focuses on the detection of disease in plant leaves using Deep Learning approach. The main two processes that we used in our system are GUL Application and Deep Learning. We used CNN for classification of diseases and Remedy Recommendation upon diseased leaf selected from the Plant Village Dataset. This dataset consists of both healthy and unhealthy leaves. Our results show that the CNN Model achieves 96% accuracy for 8 epochs using Tensor flow
Perceptions associées à l'intégration sociale, à la capacité à réussir et au soutien à l'engagement académique d'étudiants de 1re année dans le cadre d’un programme d’allègement de cursus à l’ULiège
Authors: Leduc Laurent , Tonus Céline , Detroz Pascal
Published: June 2022

Bien que légalement accessible à tout étudiant de première année qui en ferait la demande, l'allègement de programme reste une pratique peu courante et peu documentée. A la Faculté de Médecine vétérinaire de l'Université de Liège, les étudiants primants qui, à l'issue de la session d'examens de janvier, signent une convention d'allègement se voient proposer des activités de remédiation et un suivi spécifique.Notre étude s'est portée sur les 39 étudiants ayant suivi ce programme durant les années académiques 2017-2018 et 2018-2019. À partir d’entretiens individuels semi-dirigés menés avec 21 volontaires, une analyse qualitative thématique a été conduite dans l’optique d’investiguer les perceptions positives et négatives de diverses dimensions de ce programme de soutien à l’intégration, la motivation et l’engagement. Nous nous sommes particulièrement intéressés aux perceptions relatives (i) à la qualité des interactions avec leurs pairs et leurs enseignants; (ii) aux pratiques pédagogiques mises en place dans les différents cours; et (iii) au sentiment de compétence mis en relation avec la performance à l'issue du programme.Bien que portant sur un programme n'atteignant pour l'heure qu'un nombre faible de participants, notre étude met en lumière la récurrence de perceptions généralement positives ou porteuses d'engagement dans le cadre de l'allègement, et un sentiment de compétence qui, s'il n'est pas toujours associé à la réussite, l'est souvent avec une amélioration des performances. L'étude pointe divers points d'attention, qui devraient constituer une base de réflexion lors de la mise en place d'un programme de remédiation destiné à une population restreinte d'étudiants.
Pratiques et stratégies d’apprentissage d’étudiants de 1re année de Licence et participation à un dispositif « apprendre à apprendre » : étude des déterminants et approche motivationnelle
Authors: Berthaud Julien , Corbin Lucie , Duguet Amélie , Lang Ripert Elsa , Le Mener Marielle , Morlaix Sophie
Published: June 2022

L’intérêt pour la réussite des étudiants de première année universitaire perdure au niveau des politiques publiques en éducation. Il se matérialise entre autres par le déploiement de dispositifs d’aide et de remédiation toujours renouvelés. Ce travail cherche à mettre en lumière quelles sont les stratégies d’études mobilisées par les étudiants. L’enjeu de cet article réside également dans la compréhension des déterminants de ces pratiques chez les étudiants de première année de licence et l’appropriation par ces derniers d’un module « d’apprendre à apprendre ». Un premier aspect du travail montre une utilisation massive de pratiques non efficaces. Par ailleurs, si les résultats confortent des pratiques genrées au bénéfice des filles, ils montrent notamment l’utilisation de pratiques efficaces plus fréquentes chez ces dernières. Le recours à des pratiques efficaces s’avère aussi dépendant de la motivation, du sentiment d’être bon élève et de la possession d’un baccalauréat général. En outre, il est intéressant de constater que les difficultés mentionnées par les étudiants sont finalement celles qui ont fait l’objet des contenus dispensés dans le dispositif d’apprendre à apprendre. Malgré cette adéquation, les étudiants se saisissent assez peu de cette opportunité, en particulier ceux qui en auraient le plus besoin.
Artificial Intelligence and Medical Information Modeling
Authors: S. K. Manju bargavi , M. Senbagavalli
Published: June 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the imitation of human cognitive abilities. It's changing the way people think about medical services, thanks to increased access to medical information and rapid advancements in examination techniques. The authors look at the current state of AI in medical services and speculate on its future. Artificial intelligence can be used to analyse various types of medical data (structured and unstructured). AI approaches for structured data machine learning methods, such as the old-style support vector machine and neural network, as well as modern deep learning, and regular language processing for unstructured data are among the most well-known AI tactics. Finding and treatment suggestions, patient commitment and adherence, and managerial exercises are all important classifications of utilizations. Malignant growth, nervous system science, and cardiology, for example, are some of the major disease areas that use AI devices.
Securing Clinical Information Through Multimedia Watermarking Techniques
Authors: Renuka Devi K. , Balasamy K.
Published: June 2022

Today, in this technological world, the information available can be easily copied, manipulated, as well as broadcasted among different channels, which should be protected. In the case of the medical field, the reliability and authenticity of e-medical data is one of the serious concerns. The patient's data without the knowledge of user might be utilized by the intruders. Medical data is highly valuable for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment. Due to increase in the usage of internet, copyright protection, content authentication, and identity theft are considered to be the bottleneck issues for content proprietors. To resolve those issues, the authors focused on the study of watermarking technology, which is used to improve the security of data and protect information from unauthorized access. Multimedia watermarking plays a predominant role in preserving the information from unauthorized access. This chapter aims to provide the detailed review of various watermarking techniques, their applications for security purposes, and the e-verification of medical information.
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Deteriorating Inventory Models With Controllable Carbon Emissions and Shortages
Authors: Sahoo Swagatika , Acharya Milu
Published: June 2022

Nowadays, global warming, which has its effect on climate change, has turned out to be a delicate topic, and several countries are making an effort to regulate emissions through certain investments in green technology (GT). Mostly, the issue with the emissions is the outcome of inventory management. In view of this, a fuzzy inventory model with time dependent power demand and controllable carbon emissions is formulated. This includes green technology investment involving two warehouses to reduce emissions from during the shipping of goods from the own warehouse to the rented warehouse and finally to the consumers. Further, constant and Weibull deterioration rates are taken for the goods in rented and own warehouse respectively. Finally, the optimum values of the total average cost, cycle length, and GT are obtained. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the models, and the behaviour of the total cost function is shown graphically.
Application Placement in Fog-Enabled Internet of Things (IoT) Healthcare System Using Body Sensor Networks
Authors: Apat Hemant Kumar , Nayak Rashmiranjan , Sahoo Bibhudatta , Mohanty Sagarika
Published: June 2022

The advancement of internet technology along with the high adoption rate of various IoT devices with various emergent IoT applications has put stringent quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE) requirements on the service provider. The existing IoT-cloud model cannot effectively and efficiently cater to the QoS and QoE requirements of these IoT applications due to low bandwidth and high propagation delay between the IoT device layer to the cloud data center. In order to meet the stringent requirement of healthcare IoT applications, it is essential to adopt a new computing paradigm that could process these latency-sensitive IoT applications. The requests generated through various sensors yield mostly random and dynamic changes; hence, finding the optimal fog resources for the processing and execution is a challenge. In this chapter, the authors have formulated an optimization model for multiple healthcare IoT application placement problems in fog computing architecture.
Use of soil moisture active passive satellite data and WorldClim 2.0 data to predict the potential distribution of visceral leishmaniasis and its vector Lutzomyia longipalpis in Sao Paulo and Bahia states, Brazil
Authors: Rodgers Moara de Santana Martins , Fonseca Elivelton , Nieto Prixia del Mar , Malone John B. , Luvall Jeffery C. , McCarroll Jennifer C. , Avery Ryan Harry , Bavia Maria Emilia , Guimaraes Raul , Wen Xue , Silva Marta Mariana Nascimento , Carneiro Deborah D.M.T. , Cardim Luciana Lobato
Published: June 2022

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease transmitted by Lutzomyia longipalpis, a sand fly widely distributed in Brazil. Despite efforts to strengthen national control programs reduction in incidence and geographical distribution of VL in Brazil has not yet been successful; VL is in fact expanding its range in newly urbanized areas. Ecological niche models (ENM) for use in surveillance and response systems may enable more effective operational VL control by mapping risk areas and elucidation of eco-epidemiologic risk factors. ENMs for VL and Lu. longipalpis were generated using monthly WorldClim 2.0 data (30-year climate normal, 1-km spatial resolution) and monthly soil moisture active passive (SMAP) satellite L4 soil moisture data. SMAP L4 Global 3-hourly 9-km EASE-Grid Surface and Root Zone Soil Moisture Geophysical Data V004 were obtained for the first image of day 1 and day 15 (0:00-3:00 hour) of each month. ENM were developed using MaxEnt software to generate risk maps based on an algorithm for maximum entropy. The jack-knife procedure was used to identify the contribution of each variable to model performance. The three most meaningful components were used to generate ENM distribution maps by ArcGIS 10.6. Similar patterns of VL and vector distribution were observed using SMAP as compared to WorldClim 2.0 models based on temperature and precipitation data or water budget. Results indicate that direct Earth-observing satellite measurement of soil moisture by SMAP can be used in lieu of models calculated from classical temperature and precipitation climate station data to assess VL risk.
An operational excellence strategy implementation model for growth in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous environment
Authors: Jengwa Emmanuel , Pellissier Rene
Published: June 2022

Orientation: The study has been undertaken to design an Operational Excellence (OE) Strategy Implementation Model for Growth in a VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous) Environment. The study was conducted using Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) listed companies.Research purpose: To develop an OE strategy implementation model for organisational growth in a VUCA environment.Motivation of study: Illuminating problems such as the prevailing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are impeding OE strategy implementation by JSE listed organisations, suggesting the fact that existing models do not address changes in VUCA environments.Research design, approach and method: This research collected quantitative data using the questionnaire instrument rolled out through SurveyMonkey to 1000 people working for JSE listed companies implementing Operational Excellence. The data collected from the 430 responses of the sampled 1000 was acceptable according to Krejcie and Morgan (1970) formula which requires 384 as minimum for generalisation. The data was cleaned for analysis using the Stata SE version 15.1 where all variables were transformed into numerical score on the Likert scale. The linear regression of the variables enabled the linkages that resulted in structural relationships. The structural equation modelling (SEM) technique was used to further analyse the structural relationships observed, these relationships enabled the construction of the final model through path analysis.Main findings: The study found that OE strategy can only drive growth through proper implementation, maintenance, and improvements utilising management review of best practices, policies, and procedures on key performance metrics such as revenue, profits and return on investment.Practical/managerial implications: Shortcomings of the existing models were interrogated and gaps found in order to design a more suitable model for growth which takes cognisance of the VUCA Environment.Contribution/value-add: A new model was designed that can be used successfully as a holistic tool in OE to drive growth by practitioners of the industry.
Invigorating the hospitality industry: What is the impact of psychological contract and psychological capital on employee commitment?
Authors: Kokt Desere , Mphirime Bongani G.
Published: June 2022

Orientation: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted all industries on a global scale. Specifically, the hospitality industry, being one of the largest industries in the world, has been affected by the decline in all forms of travel and tourism because of lockdown regulations instituted by governments.Research purpose: In recovering from the devastating impact of COVID-19, it is imperative that the hospitality industry retains committed employees to revitalise and rebuild the industry.Motivation for the study: The study reports on the impact of psychological contract and psychological capital on employee commitment within accommodation establishments.Research design, approach and method: The study followed a quantitative research approach and a survey as data collection method. A structured questionnaire was administered to nine graded accommodation establishments in the two main economic hubs of the Free State province, namely Bloemfontein and Clarens. Data were analysed by partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).Main findings: The results revealed that psychological contract has a statistically significant relationship with employee commitment. There was also a statistically significant relationship recorded between optimism and employee commitment, but no statistically significant relationships between hope, self-efficacy, resilience and employee commitment.Practical/managerial implications: Rational contracts have the highest predictive power towards employee commitment. This emphasises the importance of developing and maintaining constructive relationships in accommodation establishments.Contribution/value-add: The study was conducted during COVID-19, and thus, provides insight into the impact of psychological contract and psychological capital on employee commitment during the time of crisis and disruption.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards refractive error amongst students
Authors: Ebrahim Khan Naimah , Mahomedy Misbah , Mngadi Lungelo , Moola Zaakirah , Moola Zahraa , Ndwandwe Gcinile , Ntombela Ayanda S.M.
Published: June 2022

Background: Uncorrected refractive error is one of the leading causes of visual impairment. Understanding of the barriers to spectacle usage and attitudes of students towards spectacle use and management strategies can help improve population knowledge and develop school-based programmes to address refractive error.Aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of university students towards refractive error.Setting: A large university in South Africa.Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was performed via a validated self-administered questionnaire. The survey included questions regarding the knowledge of the participants current status of vision, knowledge on causes of poor vision, accessibility of eye healthcare facilities and attitudes towards spectacle use.Results: Knowledge of participants with respect to the cause of poor vision amongst their peers revealed 63% (n = 189) reporting that digital devices are the major cause of poor vision amongst students, followed by myopia (n = 166) and lastly long-sightedness (n = 117). The majority of participants had adequate knowledge regarding methods of correcting poor vision with 95% listing spectacles as a method of correction followed by contact lenses (n = 250) and surgery (n = 203). There were 29% of participants who reported using spectacles all the time and 22% who reported using spectacles some of the time.Conclusion: The university students are knowledgeable about the causes of poor vision amongst students. Some students have refractive error but display poor attitude and practice towards spectacle wear because they do not wear spectacles as often as they should. Awareness around eye care and spectacle use must be created.
Clinical teaching practices of nurse educators: An integrative literature review
Authors: Gcawu Sybil N. , Van Rooyen Dalena
Published: June 2022

Clinical teaching practice of nurse educators is important in the development of clinical competence of undergraduate nursing students, but it is often not done according to best practice standards. This study aimed to summarise the best clinical teaching practices of nurse educators teaching undergraduate nursing programmes. An integrative literature review was conducted according to Whittemore and Knafl’s adapted stages. A systematic search of electronic databases, including EBSCOhost and ScienceDirect, for applicable papers from January 2001 to June 2021, was followed by a manual search. The review resulted in selection of 67 papers, and critical appraisal had been completed by two independent reviewers using relevant critical appraisal tools. Papers that were selected revealed six main themes, with sub-themes, outlining best practices for clinical teaching, namely: (1) planning for clinical teaching practice: self-preparation and planning for clinical placement; (2) facilitation of students’ clinical learning: orientation of students, planning for clinical teaching and the clinical teaching process; (3) evaluation of students’ clinical skills: reflection by the nursing student and feedback; (4) modelling professional clinical teaching practice: emotional intelligence, self-evaluation, role modelling and continuous professional development; (5) work-based assessment in the clinical environment: clinical assessment process and clinical assessment tools and (6) clinical teaching in the simulation laboratory. The six identified best practices could assist nurse educators to provide comprehensive clinical teaching.Contribution: The review’s results can be used in the development of a best practice guideline for clinical teaching. This guideline will aid nurse educators in achieving best clinical teaching practices.