bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay in Children and Adolescents with Latent and Active Tuberculosis in China
Authors: Zheng Huiwen , Yu Yanhong , Wang Yonghong , Guo Yajie , Wang Yang , Li Feina , Xiao Jing , Qi Hui , Jiao Weiwei , Chen Yu , Sun Lin
Published: December 2024

Objective
To evaluate the accuracy of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) assay, and analyze the quantitative interferon gamma (IFN-γ) responses to tuberculosis (TB) antigens and mitogen in children and adolescents with active TB and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in China.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted among patients <25 years old with suspected active TB or screened for LTBI. All patients underwent QFT-Plus tests at Beijing Children’s Hospital and Shenyang Chest Hospital from August 2022 to March 2024. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from their electronic medical record.
Results
A total of 18482 patients were recruited, including 179 (1.0%) patients with active TB disease, 334 (1.8%) LTBI and 17969 (97.2%) non-TB disease. The 5.8% (176/18482) patients had indeterminate results. The overall sensitivity for active TB was 83.4%, and specificity was 98.0%. The percent agreement between TB1 and TB2 was 90.3%. The IFN-γ production in response to mitogen and TB antigens observed among children <1 year of age was lower than that among other age groups. There was significant positive correlation between age and IFN-γ responses to mitogen, but negative correlation between age and IFN-γ responses to TB1 and TB2 antigen. Besides, there was no significant difference in response to QFT-Plus TB antigens in active TB and LTBI cases.
Conclusion
QFT-Plus assay is accurate in children and adolescents with active TB. IFN-γ responses to mitogen and MTB antigens are significantly affected by age. The new antigen tube TB2 increases the assay sensitivity.
Modified Myocardial Performance Indexis Not Associated with Adverse Perinatal Outcome in Late Onset Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Isguder Cigdem Kunt , Unlu Nisa , Ayvaci Habibe , Pektas Mine Kanat , Kurt Didar , Tug Niyazi
Published: December 2024

Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between adverse fetal outcomes and modified myocardial performance index (MPI) values in pregnancies with late-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR).
Methods: This is a case-control review of 70 pregnancies with late onset FGR and 42 pregnancies with appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses. Data related with maternal characteristics, ultrasonography findings and perinatal outcomes were recorded. An adverse perinatal outcome was determined with at least one of the following: stillbirth, neonatal death, any Apgar score <7, need for neonatal resuscitation, umbilical cord pH <7.1, and admission to neonatal intensive care unit.
Results: Fetuses with late onset growth restriction exhibited a considerably higher umbilical artery pulsatility index (PI) than AGA fetuses (p=0.001). These fetuses also had significantly higher ductus venosus A wave but significantly lower preload index and peak velocity index than AGA fetuses (p=0.017, p=0.016 and p=0.038 respectively). The fetuses with growth restriction and AGA fetuses were statistically similar in aspect of modified MPI values. Adverse fetal outcome was observed in 35 pregnancies (31.3%). When compared to the pregnancies with adverse fetal outcomes, those with favorable fetal outcomes had statistically similar modified MPI values but significantly lower uterine artery PI (p=0.016).
Conclusion: There was no significant difference in modified MPI values of fetuses with late-onset growth restriction and AGA fetuses. Moreover, modified MPI values did not differ significantly in pregnancies with adverse fetal outcome and those with favorable fetal outcome. These findings can be regarded as evidence for the mildness and latency of myocardial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of late onset FGR.
Clinical Observation of Early Postoperative Wear of Balafilcon A and Innovative First-Generation Samfilcon A Silicone Hydrogel Bandage Contact Lenses after SMILE Surgery
Authors: Hu Shisi , Ding Hui , Chen Xiaodan , Li Shanxiang , Yang Zhenduo , Zhong Xingwu
Published: December 2024

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of two different silicone hydrogel bandage contact lenses on ocular surface after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery.
Methods: In this prospective, double-masked, contralateral, comparative clinical study, 25 patients who received SMILE in both eyes wore two different silicone hydrogel bandage contact lenses (BCLs): balafilcon A in one eye and samfilcon A in the other randomly. The scores of BCL deposits on the lens surface and the level of ocular discomfort were assessed on the first day after surgery. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5), corneal sensitivity, ocular surface parametersand tear inflammatory mediators were assessed preoperatively and 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively.
Results: The scores of BCL deposits were lower in the samfilcon A group than that in the balafilcon A group (samfilcon A vs. balafilcon A: 1.28±0.68 vs. 2.56±0.82, P=0.045). There were no significant differences in subjective symptoms scores, OSDI scores, DEQ-5 scores, corneal sensitivity, ocular surface parameters or tear inflammatory mediators between the BCLs postoperatively (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Both samfilcon A and balafilcon A contact lenses are safe with equivalent efficacy on ocular surface after SMILE. Samfilcon A caused significantly less deposits after SMILE.
Integration of temperature-sensitive hydrogels loaded with realgar and magnetic particles for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Jiang Tao , Huang Zhifei , Reng Mingdong , Ma Yuwei , Gao Bo , Song Shilong , Liu Fei , Zhang Xiangyu , Huang Jingwen , He Zelai , Zhang Huijun , Ma Jing , Wang Gengming
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Lung cancer has a high incidence rate and a poor prognosis with traditional treatments like surgery and radiotherapy, necessitating the active exploration of new treatment methods. Realgar (AS4S4), a traditional Chinese medicine, has chemotherapeutic efficacy. However, its low solubility, complex dosage form, and single therapeutic efficacy limit its further application in modern medicine. To monitor tumors and combine magnetic induction thermotherapy, magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) particles were introduced, and a local injection therapy system was developed by combining the two with a temperature-sensitive hydrogel. Methods: AS4S4 was chemically synthesized using hydrochloric acid to disrupt the bonding between AS and NH2 to obtain andrography nanoclusters, which improved the solubility and reduced the toxic side reactions. Furthermore, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were introduced, and the two performance nanomaterials were combined using a smart temperature-sensitive hydrogel to construct a locally injected nanodiagnostic therapy with fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging dual-modal imaging-guided chemotherapy and magneto-induced thermotherapy combined unit (AS4S4/Fe3O4@Gel). Results: Characterization results showed that the hydrogel exhibited satisfactory temperature sensitivity, 85% controlled drug release at 42 oC, and good biocompatibility. The results of cellular experiments showed that AS4S4/Fe3O4@Gel induced apoptosis and iron death in lung cancer cells, while the combination with magnetic induction hyperthermia (ACMF) significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation. In a mouse model of transplanted tumors in Holland Lewis cells, AS4S4/Fe3O4@Gel showed good fluorescence properties and magneto-thermal effects. The combined ACMF group exerted better antitumor effects than the negative control group. Conclusion: The AS4S4/Fe3O4@Gel prepared in this study can exert synergistic antitumor activity in combination with ACMF under bimodal imaging guidance, and it is a potential means of clinical treatment for lung cancer.
Application of the Cramer Method for the Prediction of Geotechnical Parameters of Soils in the Intertropical Zone in Road Construction.
Authors: MENYE Alain Justin , MBESSA Michel , BILONG Paul
Published: December 2024

Geotechnical road construction work requires many tests that integrate several parameters, which can be reduced by predictions. This paper establishes the prediction through the Cramer multiple linear regression technique of the modified Proctor parameters and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) parameters in function of Fines and Atterberg limits, lateritic materials developed on metamorphic rocks. The parameters such as Maximum Dry Density (MDD), Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) and CBR index as a function of unknown %fines (˂80µm), Plasticity Index (PI) and Liquid limit (LL), were determined. This study in soil mechanics shows that, the CBR (13 to 53) and MDD (1.5 to 2.1 g/cm3) increase as the percentage of fines (75 to 12%) in the soil decreases. These CBR values can be used for backfill and foundation layers of traffic T1 to T2/T3. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) reveals the presence of three classes C1 (LL, PL and OMC), C2 (˂80µm) and C3 (CBR and MDD), representing two families of related parameters in C1 and C3 respectively. The multiple determination coefficients obtained are 0.998 with R2 = 0.996 for MDD; 0.991 with R2 = 0.982 for OMC and 0.98 with R2 = 0.97 for a CBR at 95% of optimum respectively, indicating an excellent correlation. This prediction helps to handle smaller quantities of materials, save time, reduce energy expenditure and the cost of analyses and field campaigns.
Ensemble Runoff Forecasting Based on Multiple Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Wan Xinyu , Wang Xinyu , Lyu Kun , Li Yixuan , Zhao Fangzheng , Xue Yuting , Shi Weiyi
Published: December 2024

The accuracy of runoff forecasting is influenced by factors, such as the type of prediction model and parameter settings. To account for these uncertainties and leverage the strengths of different runoff forecasting models, in this study, we developed an ensemble forecasting model. It assigned combination weights to each model based on its prediction accuracy, improving the accuracy of short-term runoff forecasts. Using daily runoff data from the Dongqiaoyuan Hydrological Station in the Rongjiang River Basin, China, six runoff forecasting models were established by coupling ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with a Backpropagation Neural Network, convolutional neural network, and support vector machine. Two ensemble methods, namely, the optimal weighting method and stacking algorithm, were applied to the EMD- and EEMD-based coupled models, respectively, and their predictive performances were comparatively analyzed. Different data preprocessing methods significantly affected the performances of both the individual and ensemble models. The ensemble models had a considerable reduction in the root mean square error and mean absolute percentage error. The random forest stacking ensemble model showed the highest improvement and prediction accuracy. The model greatly enhances the prediction accuracy of large flows in the Rongjiang River Basin, meeting the needs for short-term forecasting. It can effectively support runoff prediction during extreme environmental changes in the river basin. Additionally, it serves as a valuable reference for enhancing ensemble prediction outcomes in runoff forecasting.
An evaluation model of mechanical specific energy for conical PDC cutter based on fractal characteristics of rock cuttings
Authors: Li Xinlong , Shi Huaizhong , He Wenhao , Song Xianzhi , Xiong Chao , Shi Minghao , Li Dongwen , Li Yongxin
Published: December 2024

Due to high wear resistance and impact resistance, conical PDC cutter has become one of the most popular PDC cutters used in oil and gas drilling industries. However, theoretical analysis on the rock-breaking advantages of such a conical PDC cutter is still short. Thus, by combining a theoretical modeling with the validation of experimental data, this paper proposes to connect the force response and mechanical specific energy (MSE) to the fractal characteristics of cuttings dimensions by conical PDC cutter. The influences of cutting depth and cutting angle on fractal dimension, maximum rock cuttings size, cutting force, frictional force, and MSE are analyzed herein. The results indicate that fractal dimension of cutting size is profoundly affected by the cutting depth. Meanwhile, compared to the cutting angle, the cutting depth also exhibits larger power in determining the maximum size of rock cuttings. Given increasing cutting depth, the cutting force increases significantly, with increasing values of frictional forces at the same time. Moreover, the MSE values tend to decrease with increasing cutting depth and decreasing cutting angle. These findings help readers the rock-breaking performances of conical cutters and provide guidance on the hybrid-cutter layout method should be required in drilling deep hard formations.
Adolescent-like Processing of Behaviorally Salient Cues in Sensory and Prefrontal Cortices of Adult Preterm-Born Mice
Authors: Ribic Adema , McCoy Emily , Pendala Vyshnavi , Fariborzi Mona , Demir Lara , Buell Olivia , Fedde Samuel , Stinger Jacqueline , Elbaum Luciano , Holsworth Troy , Awude Philip Amenyo
Published: December 2024

Preterm birth is a leading risk factor for atypicalities in cognitive and sensory processing, but it is unclear how prematurity impacts circuits that support these functions. To address this, we trained adult mice born a day early (preterm mice) on a visual discrimination task and found that they commit more errors and fail to achieve high levels of performance. Using in vivo electrophysiology, we found that the neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) and the V1-projecting prefrontal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are hyper-responsive to the reward, reminiscent of cue processing in adolescence. Moreover, the non-rewarded cue fails to robustly activate the V1 and V1-projecting ACC neurons during error trials, in contrast to prefrontal fast-spiking (FS) interneurons which show elevated error-related activity, suggesting that preterm birth impairs the function of prefrontal circuits for error monitoring. Finally, environmental enrichment, a well-established paradigm that promotes sensory maturation, failed to improve the performance of preterm mice, suggesting limited capacity of early interventions for reducing the risk of cognitive deficits after preterm birth. Altogether, our study for the first time identifies potential circuit mechanisms of cognitive atypicalities in the preterm population and highlights the vulnerability of prefrontal circuits to advanced onset of extrauterine experience.
Comparison of Targeted Therapy Efficacy in HER2-Positive Versus HER2-Negative Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: QUENTIN WOLASSE MANFOUO WILFRED
Published: December 2024

HER2 status is an important therapeutic and prognostic biomarker in the molecularly heterogeneous disease of breast cancer. HER2-targeted therapies such as trastuzumab, pertuzumab and trastuzumab deruxtecan have transformed survival outcomes for HER2-positive breast cancers, which account for 15–20% of cases. Similarly, HER2-negative breast cancers do not have HER2 as a potential therapeutic target and generally rely on other approaches (e.g. hormone receptor modulation, CDK4/6 inhibitors, PARP inhibitors) to exert control over tumor growth. Methods: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis for randomized controlled trials comparing HER2-positive versus HER2-negative breast cancer in patients receiving targeted therapy, assessing key endpoints such as PFS, OS and quality of life. A systematic review of clinical trials between 2013 and 2023 was performed that included studies assessing targeted therapy effects in either subgroup. Results of these studies showed that HER2-positive patients should benefit more in terms of survival and response from specific HER2-targeted therapies, compared to less specific agents used in the HER2-negative patient population. Still, challenges remain with resistance mechanisms and therapy availability. HER2-negative cancers, particularly triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), represent indications of high unmet therapeutic need. The comparison illustrates the importance of HER2 as a predictive biomarker, as well as the necessity for further advancement in precision medicine. As these drugs continue into clinical practice, future investigations aiming to overcome HER2-positive disease resistance to these agents, as well as trying to identify viable targets for HER2-negative cancer, will be critical to achieving similar therapeutic outcomes across these two cancer subtypes.
Scaling out community conservation initiatives: experts identify economic and social benefits, compatibility with needs and external support as key
Authors: Mills Morena , Touchon Marie V. , Denis Elisa , Milligan Sarah , Zuffetti Yasmeen , Ahmad Zara , Husain Zoya , Shrestha Sushma , Gelcich Stefan , Lendelvo Selma , Pathak Bharati , Tawake Alifereti , Mascia Michael B. , Ralaimihoatra Solofo Nandrianina , Pienkowski Thomas , Clark Matthew , Jagadish Arundhati
Published: December 2024

Community-based natural resource management is a common strategy for conserving biodiversity, but little is known about how such initiatives can scale appropriately and widely. We interviewed 80 experts across 5 widely adopted community-based initiatives (in Chile, Nepal, Namibia, Madagascar and Fiji) to understand their perspectives on the drivers of adoption and spread. We used General Elimination Methodology and Diffusion of Innovation theory to identify and rule out possible explanations. Factors consistently considered influential were economic and social benefits; compatibility with needs; support and facilitation by extension agencies; and the presence of international organisations. Initiatives aiming to scale should be designed to be flexible and aligned with adopters’ needs and external organisations should coordinate resources for scaling out. Dependence on external support underscores the need for quality assistance, good practices by external actors, and understanding power relations and fairness, as well as the need to temper donor and policy expectations of scaling beyond supported and appropriate sites.
Classically studied coherent structures only paint a partial picture of wall-bounded turbulence
Authors: Vinuesa Ricardo , Cremades Andres , Hoyas Sergio
Published: December 2024

For the last 140 years, the mechanisms of transport and dissipation of energy
in a turbulent flow have not been completely understood due to the complexity
of this phenomenon. The dissipation of energy due to turbulence is significative,
and understanding turbulence physics is crucial for fighting the present climate
emergency. Previous research has focused on analyzing the so-called coherent
structures of the flow (Q events, streaks, and vortices), which are regions of high
turbulence transport, high/low streamwise fluctuation, and rotation, respectively.
However, the connection between these classically studied structures and the
flow development is still uncertain. In a previous analysis, the importance of the
different Q events was quantified through a data-driven methodology, showing
that the calculated importance did not perfectly agree with the definition of the
structures. To fill this gap, here we show a data-driven methodology for objectively
identifying high-importance regions in a turbulent flow. A deep-learning
model is trained to predict a future state of a turbulent channel flow and the
gradient-SHAP explainability algorithm is used to calculate the importance of
each grid point for such a prediction. Finally, high-importance regions are computed
using the SHAP data, analyzing and comparing their characteristics with
those of the other coherent structures. The SHAP analysis provides an objective
way to identify the regions of highest importance in the turbulent flow, which
exhibit different levels of agreement with the classically studied structures.
Demographic status and activity patterns of the Endangered Togean Islands babirusa: a contribution towards evaluating its conservation status
Authors: Jati Agus Sudibyo , Broto Bayu Wisnu , Rode-White Johanna , Markolf Matthias , Mortelliti Alessio
Published: December 2024

The Togean Islands babirusa (Babyrousa togeanensis) is an Endangered wild pig species endemic to the Togean Archipelago, Indonesia. Despite its conservation status, our knowledge of the species is limited, which hampers conservation efforts. We here report the results of an island-wide camera trapping study, assessing the species’ demographic status and activity patterns. We sampled 103 camera stations distributed throughout the entire range of the species from July-October 2022. Through N-mixture modeling, we estimated the babirusa’s population size as 440 adult individuals (CI: 340–580), with a sex ratio of 1:2.3. The male babirusas were mostly solitary, but females were typically part of a group dominated by juveniles. Using multistate occupancy modeling, we also found the probability of reproductive babirusas being present in an occupied site was 0.74 ± SD 0.11, and the probability was higher with increasing distance to human settlement. Despite high human activities, the babirusa remained diurnal, with activities concentrated in the early morning and late afternoon. We suggest the IUCN Red List status of the Togean Islands babirusa should remain Endangered or shifted to Critically Endangered if the risk from potential African Swine Fever outbreak is considered.
Mobilitätspläne in der Metropolregion Frankfurt/Rhein-Main: Verbreitung, Charakteristika, Potenziale
Authors: Barthel Jan , Joost Jan-Marc , Krams Mathias , Weicker Tonio
Published: December 2024

Die kommunale Mobilitätswende ist ein zentraler Baustein zur Erreichung der Klimaneutralität. Viele Kommunen stellen jedoch sowohl die derzeitigen verkehrlichen Belastungen als auch die Realisierung einer Mobilitätswende vor enorme Herausforderungen. Dieses Arbeitspapier widmet sich dem Instrument kommunaler Mobilitätspläne und ihrer Rolle in der Gestaltung einer sozial-ökologischen Mobilitätswende in der Metropolregion Frankfurt/Rhein-Main. Es zielt darauf ab, einen möglichst vollständigen und aktuellen Wissensstand über die Verbreitung implementierter Mobilitätspläne sowie deren Ziele und inhaltliche Merkmale zu generieren.

Die Auswertung zeigt in den 30 größten Kommunen der Region seit 2017 einen klaren Trend hin zu mehr verabschiedeten Mobilitätsplänen auf. Zugleich gibt es jedoch auch weiterhin zahlreiche, vor allem kleinere Kommunen, die bisher keine Eigeninitiative ergriffen haben, um mithilfe von Mobilitätsplänen die kommunale Mobilitätswende voranzubringen. Die Analyse der verabschiedeten Mobilitätspläne verweist auch darauf, dass diese in ihrem planerischen Charakter stark variieren. Die Inklusion von Push-Maßnahmen, partizipativen Elementen zur Förderung der Akzeptanz geplanter Maßnahmen, aber auch transparente Evaluation sind nicht stets gegeben und beeinflussen das Wirkungspotential verabschiedeter Mobilitätspläne.

Der Status quo der Implementierung von Mobilitätsplänen in der Metropolregion Frankfurt/Rhein-Main ist somit äußerst heterogen – sowohl hinsichtlich der räumlichen Verbreitung als auch in Hinblick auf ihre inhaltliche Ausrichtung und enthaltene charakteristische Merkmale. Eine flächendeckende Anwendung von progressiven Mobilitätskonzepten im sub- und periurbanen Raum sowie eine regionsweite, integrierte Verkehrsplanung finden derzeit noch deutlich zu wenig statt. Die Auswertung verweist damit auf ein hohes Transformationspotential durch die Ermöglichung von Wissenstransfer und Wissensintegration in der Region, etwa mittels Formaten des Austauschs und Peer-to-Peer-Learnings.
Peculiarities of Implementing Multifractal Analysis of the Milled Surfaces Microrelief
Authors: Balytska Nataliia , Prylypko Oleksandr , Hlembotska Larysa , Shadura Valentina , Moskvin Pavel
Published: December 2024

Manufacturing parts with a specific surface microrelief, which often determines their functional properties, is essential in various industry sectors. The practicality of studying the state of surface microrelief after various mechanical processing methods is of critical importance. It is crucial to develop specific mathematical approaches for calculating the quantitative characteristics of surface relief, a matter of significant practical interest. This paper aims to identify, discuss, and generalize the main features of implementing multifractal analysis of flat surfaces of steel and aluminum alloy samples formed by face milling with different cutting modes. Multifractal analysis of micrographs of C35 steel and AA2024 aluminum alloy sample surfaces was conducted after dry milling with various cutting modes. The statistical analysis of the area and volumes of spatial microforms reveals a linear relationship between their volumes and the sizes of the elementary cells in the coarse-graining method. This finding provides substantial evidence of fractal symmetry among these surface parameters after forming a periodic spatial relief on the surface due to the cyclic action of the tool’s cutting edge. Recommendations were developed to minimize errors in calculating multifractal parameters based on milled samples’ surface area and volumes of relief-forming microforms. It was established that the analysis of multifractal parameters of the machined surface should consider the cutting process’s physical characteristics. The recommendations developed in this paper showed a strong correlation between Rényi numbers, disorder parameters, and the face milling modes of steel and aluminum alloy.
Reflections on an engaged research approach to understanding patient record-keeping systems in a local clinic in Makhanda
Authors: Kingwill Kirsten , Todd Andrew , Davy Jonathan , Pama Siphosethu
Published: December 2024

The taking and archiving of accurate record-keeping is an essential part of caregiving in health care. There is extensive evidence that record-keeping systems are affected by systemic problems that impact healthcare provision globally and in South Africa, particularly in public healthcare. Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE) has been applied in healthcare settings to address these systemic challenges, including those related to record keeping, but not in South Africa. With participation being a critical element of HFE, a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) framework can but has not been used to understand and optimise systems such as those linked to record keeping. This reflection provides an overview of how an HFE approach was applied, using a CBPR framework to understand the challenges affecting patient record-keeping in a clinic in Makhanda. Specifically, it provides insights into how CBPR was applied and reflections on this experience from both the researchers’ and collaborators' perspectives. The importance of patience and flexibility, empathy, constant feedback and consultation and listening to collaborators' and participants' contributions emerged as important lessons. The community collaborator also experienced the process positively, where she emphasised the empowering experience of being able to help guide and facilitate research, which, in turn, revealed challenges that affected the daily running of the clinic. The collaboration using the CBPR approach was a practical framework for applying several HFE approaches to understand the challenges around record keeping.
Modelo pedagógico propio fundamentado en pautas de crianza para revitalización de la lengua Sáliba
Authors: Roa-Muños Libardo , Vázquez-Martí Miguel
Published: December 2024

En la actualidad son muchas las lenguas nativas que están en peligro de extinción, lo cual indica que cuando muere una lengua, desaparece con ella todo un legado ancestral y cultural. La lengua castellana y la lengua Sáliba conviven en un bilingüismo sustractivo resultado de la historia de los pueblos que entraron en contacto; por ello, es importante reconocer el tiempo y uso del castellano para iniciar procesos de revitalización de la lengua Sáliba. Esta investigación tiene por objetivo diseñar un modelo pedagógico propio fundamentado en pautas de crianza para la revitalización de la lengua Sáliba en el Resguardo Indígena Caño Mochuelo-Colombia. El enfoque es mixto; a partir de allí se aplicaron instrumentos de recolección de información cualitativos y cuantitativos. Para el análisis de los resultados y con la implementación del software estadístico R Project, se identificó la población que habla la lengua Sáliba, la incorporación de pautas de crianza desde la percepción de padres y abuelos y estrategias de enseñanza. Todo lo anterior, permitió la construcción de un tejido curricular basado en el contexto como aporte al proceso de transformación y el diseño de un modelo pedagógico propio ajustado a la educación indígena. Finalmente, la implementación de este modelo pedagógico propio generó discusiones académicas y culturales positivas lo que derivó su incorporación en la institución indígena Alegãxu.
Impact of soil residual herbicides on establishment of interseeded/overseeded cover crops in corn and weed control efficacy
Authors:   , Silva Tatiane Severo
Published: December 2024

Preemergence (PRE) herbicides with soil residual activity resurge as a foundation for early-season weed control in corn; however, there is a potential injury from soil residual PRE herbicides to interseeded/overseeded cover crops, a cultural practice of interest to corn growers. Field experiments were conducted at Janesville and Lancaster, WI in 2021 and 2022 (4 site-years) to evaluate the weed control efficacy of solo (single site of action [SOA]) and premix (two or more SOAs) PRE herbicides in conventional tillage corn systems. Greenhouse bioassays were conducted in 2021 and 2022 to assess the impact of these PRE herbicides on the establishment of interseeded cover crops. Treatments consisted of 18 PRE herbicides plus a nontreated check. Annual rye (Lolium multiflorum L.), cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) were used as bioindicators. PRE herbicides with two (78%) and three (81%) SOAs provided higher weed control than PRE herbicides with a single SOA (68%), indicating at least two SOAs are needed in a premix to enhance weed control. Cereal rye was the least sensitive species to PRE herbicides. Annual rye, radish, and red clover were more sensitive to PRE herbicides containing two and three SOAs than herbicides with a single SOA. PRE herbicide efficacy varied according to the weed species, but the premixes appeared as a more reliable option to improve early-season weed control in conventional tillage corn systems. However, cover crop species should be carefully selected depending on the residual PRE herbicide when interseeded or overseeded into corn. Additional field studies are needed to validate these results in different environments and support recommendations to growers interested in this system
Adubação orgânica e parcelamento de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio no abacaxizeiro ‘pérola’ em condições semiáridas
Authors:   , Irineu Toni Halan da Silva
Published: December 2024

Abacaxicultura representa como segmento frutícola de maior importância, sendo a terceira

frutífera tropical mais produzida no mundo, sendo o Nordeste responsável por grande parte da

produção brasileira, entretanto, mais de 58,11% dessa região predomina o clima semiárido,

apresentando algumas limitações como solos de baixa fertilidade natural, por sua vez, o

abacaxizeiro é relativamente exigente aos aspectos nutricional, tornando a prática de

adubação obrigatória para fins comerciais. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar adubação orgânica e

o parcelamento de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio no abacaxizeiro ‘Pérola’ em condições

semiáridas. Os experimentos foram conduzidos no Pomar Didático, pertencente a UFERSA,

Campus Mossoró-RN. No experimento I, o delineamento experimental foi em blocos

casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições, totalizando 20 parcelas

experimentais. Foram estudados adubação mineral a base de NPK e três fontes orgânicas

(esterco bovino, esterco caprino e cama de frango) e a testemunha. Adubação química foi

aplicado 320 kg ha-1 de N e 480 kg ha-1 de K, parcelado em seis vezes em cobertura e 80 kg

ha-1 de fósforo no sulco. As fontes orgânicas foram colocadas as quantidades de 10 kg por

metro linear no sulco, em seguida, as mudas rebentão foram plantados. No experimento II, o

delineamento experimental foi DBC, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições, totalizando 24

parcelas experimentais. Os tratamentos constituíram de derivações do tratamento T1

(recomendação de adubação para abacaxizeiro), sendo aplicado no sulco e em cobertura, 320,

480, 80 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio, parcelado em seis vezes (0, 30, 90, 150, 210

e 270 dias após o plantio). Aos 18 meses após o plantio foi avaliado os seguintes parâmetros:

crescimento da planta, qualidade físico-químico dos frutos e produtividade da cultura. A

adubação orgânica com cama de frango promove melhores resultados de crescimento de

plantas, nas características físicas e químicas dos frutos, assim como também na

produtividade do abacaxizeiro ‘Pérola’. O fracionamento NPK T5 (onde é parcelado 50 % do

fósforo no plantio e os outros 50% aos 150 dias após o plantio) proporcionou melhores

resultados de qualidade organoléptica e produtividade de frutos de abacaxizeiro ‘Pérola’ em

condições semiáridas
Viabilidade agroeconômica da cebola, atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo em função da aplicação de biofertilizantes
Authors:   , Novo Júnior José
Published: December 2024

O conhecimento sobre as respostas da produção da cebola a diferentes fontes e quantidades aplicadas de biofertilizantes, bem como de seus efeitos nos atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo, podem fornecer subsídios importantes para tornar a atividade rentável e para manutenção da fertilidade do solo. Neste sentido, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade agroeconômica da produção da cebola e os atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo em função da aplicação de biofertilizantes. O experimento foi conduzido no período de agosto a dezembro de 2016, na Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes, localizada no Distrito de Lagoinha, Mossoró-RN. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados completos, em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído por duas fontes de biofertilizantes, húmus de minhoca à base de esterco de bovino (Bio-HB) e de caprino (Bio-HC), e o segundo fator por cinco quantidades de biofertilizantes, que correspondem a 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250% da adubação com nitrogênio recomendada para a cultura da cebola. As características avaliadas na cebola foram: produtividades total, comercial e não comercial de bulbos, classificação comercial de bulbos, diâmetro longitudinal e transversal, índice de formato de bulbo, massas secas da parte aérea, do bulbo e total, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, relação entre os sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável, potencial hidrogeniônico, pungência e firmeza dos bulbos, teores de nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, cálcio e magnésio da folha diagnóstica. Os índices econômicos avaliados foram: renda bruta, renda líquida, taxa de retorno e índice de lucratividade. Os atributos avaliados do solo foram: teores de: P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, pH, MO, CE, bactérias esporulantes, bactérias totais, relação entre as bactérias esporulantes e totais, actinomicetos, fungos e microrganismos totais presentes no solo após a colheita da cebola. O maior desempenho agroeconômico da cebola foi obtido com a aplicação de 100 e 250% de nitrogênio com os biofertilizantes Bio-HC e Bio-HB, respectivamente. As aplicações dos biofertilizantes favoreceram o aumento dos teores de Mg, Ca e P do solo refletindo, assim, em melhoria da fertilidade do solo. Nas maiores proporções de nitrogênio (200 e 250% de N) o Bio-HC foi superior ao Bio-HB na quantidade de microrganismos totais do solo. O sistema de cultivo orgânico de cebola, em condições de alta fertilidade do solo, mostra-se viável com o uso dos biofertilizantes. Todavia, torna-se necessário a condução de trabalhos posteriores em solos de menor fertilidade, a fim de comprovar a eficiência dos biofertilizantes
Eficiência do extrato de alho na superação da dormência de gemas de videira cv. isabel precoce
Authors:   , Farias Wagner César de
Published: December 2024

Um fator limitante na produção comercial de uvas é a brotação irregular. Em geral, um

período de frio é necessário para superar o estado de dormência e promover a brotação

uniforme das gemas. No entanto, existem práticas de manejo que podem favorecer a brotação

e viabilizar o ajuste de uma cultivar a uma realidade de clima. Dentre essas práticas, pode-se

citar: o manejo hídrico, a incisão anelar, o arqueamento de ramos e o uso de produtos

químicos que atuam como reguladores de crescimento. Hoje, tem sido buscados

constantemente produtos que apresentem a mesma eficácia da cianamida hidrogenada na

superação da dormência, porém sem danos à saúde do agricultor tampouco ao meio ambiente,

e com baixo custo. Em razão disso e com a finalidade de buscar substâncias alternativas com

menor impacto ambiental, o extrato de alho apresenta resultados promissores na superação da

dormência de frutíferas de clima temperado. O objetivo da pesquisa foi o de avaliar os efeitos

do extrato de alho (Allium sativum L.) na fenologia e nos componentes de produção da videira

cv. Isabel Precoce, nas condições semiáridas do Oeste Potiguar. O experimento I foi realizado

na Fazenda Experimental Rafael Fernandes (Lagoinha) em delineamento experimental de

blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (T1: controle - Dormex® - 5%; T2: Extrato de

alho - 25%; T3: Extrato de alho - 50%; T4: Extrato de alho - 75% e T5: Extrato de alho -

100%) e cinco repetições. Foram avaliadas as características fenológicas (F1 - Poda-brotação;

F2 - Brotação-floração; F3 - Floração-frutificação; F4 - Frutificação-maturação; F5-

Maturação - colheita) e também a porcentagem de ramos brotados aos 15 dias após a poda. A

utilização da cianamida hidrogenada apresentou maior ação na superação da dormência das

gemas, como também na antecipação da brotação. O extrato de alho se mostrou eficaz na

superação de dormência de videira cv. Isabel Precoce. A concentração C2 (50% de extrato de

alho) apresentou resultados próximos à testemunha, em especial para brotação. No

experimento II, foram avaliados os aspectos produtivos (comprimento e diâmetro dos cachos,

comprimento e diâmetro de bagas, peso médio das bagas, comprimento da baga e diâmetro da

baga) e de qualidades dos frutos (firmeza, Sólidos Solúveis (°Brix), Acidez Titulável (AT %

Ácido Tartárico) e a relação SS/AT), realizados no Laboratório de Pós-Colheita da

Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido. As características de qualidade dos frutos da cv.

Isabel Precoce manteve-se dentro dos parâmetros de qualidade exigidos pelo mercado, exceto

para relação SS/AT, que tiveram valores abaixo do padrão estabelecido no mercado.
Abordagens da análise do discurso na ciência da informação
Authors: Sousa Liliane C. S. , Furlanete Fábio Parra
Published: December 2024

A Análise do Discurso desempenha um papel importante nos estudos da Ciência da Informação, não apenas como método de pesquisa, mas também como uma ferramenta reflexiva que enriquece a prática profissional. Propomos mapear a utilização da Análise do Discurso nas pesquisas em Ciência da Informação, visto que esse mapeamento permite identificar tendências, lacunas e oportunidades de pesquisa, contribuindo para o avanço do conhecimento na área. O objetivo desta investigação é identificar essas abordagens da AD nos artigos publicados na CI, e elaborar uma análise crítica dos impactos que esses enfoques das publicações oferecem para o campo da Ciência da Informação. Este estudo é classificado como bibliográfico, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa, dado que se concentra na identificação de um objeto de estudo específico - artigos publicados – para elaborar a reflexão sobre a Análise do Discurso na Ciência da Informação. A investigação demonstra que as teorias da Análise do Discurso, aplicadas ao campo da Ciência da Informação são significativas, uma vez que oferece inúmeras possibilidades de pesquisas.
Pedagogical strategy of teaching-learning projectile throwing in third year baccalaureate students of the “Santa Rita Educational Unit”
Authors: Tuárez-Zambrano Nicolle Jamileth , Cevallos-Muñoz Fabricio Alfredo , Mendoza-Quintero Josué Eduardo
Published: December 2024

A pedagogical strategy is presented for teaching projectile launching to third-year high school students at the Santa Rita Educational Unit. It is focused on teaching concepts such as parabolic trajectory, initial velocity and launch angle, which are fundamental. to understand the motion of projectiles in physics. To facilitate this learning, the PhET interactive simulator was used, which allowed students to manipulate different variables and observe how these affect the behavior of the projectiles in real time. The methodology was implemented in three phases: a theoretical introduction to the key concepts, an interactive experimentation phase with the PhET simulator, and an evaluation based on theoretical and practical tests. In addition, this pedagogical strategy seeks to promote active and participatory learning, where Students become protagonists of their own learning process, exploring and discovering the effects of changes in launch parameters.  The result was the evaluation of the students, which was carried out through tests that combined theoretical questions about the principles of projectile movement and practical exercises that required them to apply what they learned in simulations.
The Effect of Special Allocation Fund for Agriculture on Food Security in Indonesia
Authors: Meliala Eka Safaina , Djamaluddin Sartika
Published: December 2024

Indonesia's Food Security Index has decreased in the food availability category in 2022, influenced by food production. The government's efforts to achieve food security with DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture are a form of funds transfer to the regions. This study uses the robust fixed-effects panel data method to determine the effect of DAK Physical Agriculture and DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture on food security. The data used are secondary data from IKP and the realization of DAK Physical Agriculture and DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture from 2021 - 2023. The unit of analysis used is districts/cities in Indonesia. The dependent variable, the food security index, and the independent variable, DAK Food Security and Agriculture, are used to consider the factors of government spending, GRDP per capita, rice production, and population. The results of the analysis show that the Physical DAK has a significant influence on food security. At the same time, the Non-Physical DAK for Food Security and Agriculture is not significant for food security. The control variable of regional expenditure has a significant positive relationship with food security and population, which has a significant negative relationship with food security. The existence of a DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture budget that is too low and as a complementary fund causes not optimal outcomes from DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture. So, it is expected that in the future, there will be an increase in the portion of the allocation of DAK Non-Physical Food Security and Agriculture.
The Integrated Strategies for Handling Migration Impacts and Poverty Alleviation in Makamenggit and Pambotanjara Village, East Sumba Regency
Authors: Manu Mesa Asinkritus Ng. Lalu , Bustomi Thomas , Nursalam Nursalam
Published: December 2024

Migration activities carried out by people in Makamenggit Village and Pambotanjara Village have positive and negative impacts on migrant workers, their families and communities surround. Various handling efforts carried out by the government so far are still limited to efforts to deal with problems related to migration activities namely the threat of human trafficking and facilitating Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) who experience problems in the workplace. Whereas, the handling efforts should reach the root of the problem, namely poverty. Therefore in this research, researchers tried to identify the impacts of migration in those villages, which is then continued with efforts to deal overcome the impacts by determining strategies through SOAR Analysis which is expected to become policy recommendations for the government or stakeholders. Researchers used descriptive qualitative method to obtain the necessary data regarding the impacts and strategies required. Result of data analysis found that migration had positive impacts namely fulfilling children's educational and health needs through remittances obtained, fulfilling household consumption needs and increasing the ability of migrant workers and their families to be involved in cultural and social affairs. Meanwhile the negative impacts namely the potential for repeated migration and hereditary migration, negative stigma towards female migrant workers and the neglection of migrant worker’s children. To overcome the various impacts of migration as well as the efforts in reducing poverty, then the integrated strategies are required which is based on empowerment efforts toward various community groups and utilization of available local potentials, both natural and human resource.
Smarter Parents, Better Children Nutrition?
Authors: Syauqan Teuku Muhammad , Muzayanah Irfani Fithria Ummul
Published: December 2024

The Indonesian government aims for an ‘Indonesia Emas 2045,’ but child malnutrition remains a major challenge. One important factor that influences malnutrition is parental education level. Previous studies have shown that children’s food consumption is influenced by parental knowledge and education and various interrelated multidimensional factors. This study aims to assess the influence of parental education on improving child nutrition in Indonesia, focusing on developing a model for infants aged 6 to 24 months receiving nutritious complementary foods. The method used in this study was a review of relevant literature. Results show that parental education has a significant influence on increasing the number of infants receiving nutritious complementary foods. In addition, the change in the number of infants consuming nutritious complementary foods is also influenced by several control variables, such as parents’ access to the internet, the impact of smoking among housewives, PKH assistance, parents’ employment status, area of residence, and per capita expenditure. However, this study has limitations as it does not cover the quality and quantity of food consumed by infants, does not consider local cultural influences due to data limitations, and primarily focuses on socioeconomic aspects. Thus, parental education not only improves their access to quality nutritional information but also enriches their knowledge and raises awareness about the importance of nutrition. All these factors cumulatively contribute to improved nutritional intake for children, positively impacting their long-term health.