bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of wrestling referees’ family and occupational problems have experienced in their lives
Güreş hakemlerinin aile ve meslek hayatlarında karşılaşmış oldukları problemlerin incelenmesi
Authors: Küçükibiş Hüseyin Fatih , Gül Mehmet , Şahin Süleyman
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate family and occupational problems faced by wrestling referees who serving actively at national and international levels in 2018-2019 season. Research group who serving in the national and international levels and a total of 148 wrestling referees constitute in various areas (public, private, other) in Turkey Wrestling Federation 2018-2019 season. Two data collection tools were used in the study. “Personal Information Form” which is five items was used in order to determine the demographic characteristics of the wrestling referees. The second scale is “Social Status Scale for Referees” developed by Albayrak et al. (2012) was used. The internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach Alpha) was examined in order to determine the suitability of the scale to the wrestling referees. and the alpha coefficient was found to be 0.77. In the analysis of the data, percentage (%), frequency, mean and standard deviation values were used. According to the findings, the majority of the referees were married (81,1%) and civil servant (87,2%). It was determined that the referees had an average level of family and occupational life (Mean = 2.65 ± 0.798). In order to increase the performance of the referees, it is recommended to take steps to eliminate these problems.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmada amaç, 2018-2019 sezonunda aktif olarak ulusal ve uluslararası seviyede görev yapan güreş hakemlerinin aile ve meslek yaşantılarında karşılaşmış oldukları problemleri incelemektir. Araştırma grubunu, 2018-2019 sezonunda Türkiye Güreş Federasyonuna bağlı ulusal ve uluslararası seviyede görev yapan ve çeşitli alanlarda (kamu, özel sektör, diğer) çalışan toplam 148 güreş hakemi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada iki adet veri toplama aracı kullanılmıştır. Birincisinde hakemlerin demografik özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla beş maddelik “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve ikincisinde ise Albayrak ve arkadaşları (2012) tarafından geliştirilen “Hakemler İçin Sosyal Durum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin güreş hakemlerine uygunluğu belirlemek amacıyla iç tutarlılık katsayısına (Cronbach Alpha)’na bakılmıştır ve alpha katsayısı 0.77 olarak bulunmuştur. Verilerin analizinde yüzde(%), frekans, ortalama ve standart sapma değerlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara bakıldığında hakemlerinin çoğunluğunun evli (%81,1) ve kamu personeli (%87,2) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hakemlerin aile ve meslek hayatlarında ortalama seviyede (Ort=2,65±0,798) problem yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Hakemlerin performanslarının artırılması için bu sorunların ortadan kaldırılmasına yönelik adımlar atılması önerilmektedir.
ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN PERTANIAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KEHIDUPAN PENDUDUK DI KECAMATAN SAYUNG KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Jannah Rifatul , Eddy Bambang Trisetyo , Dalmiyatun Tutik
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Perubahan fungsi lahan pertanian, 2) Dampaknya alih fungsi lahan terhadap kehidupan pendudukyang meliputi luas kepemilikan lahan, alih pekerjaan dan persediaan pangan pokok dalam keluarga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Desember 2016 sampai Januari 2017 di Kecamatan Sayung. Sayung dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian karena 1) cukup tinggi mengalami alih fungsi lahan, 2) merupakan wilayah pertumbuhan industri dan perumahan karena berbatasan dengan Kota Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei. Data penjualan lahan diperoleh dari arsip 4 desa terpilih. Setiap desa diambil 20 responden yang terdiri dari 2 orang setiap tahun selama 10 tahun terakhir sehingga total responden 80 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Kabupaten Demak terjadi peningkatan pengajuan perizinan alih fungsi lahan. Penurunan luasan lahan pertanian dari 2.136 ha menjadi 1.417 ha, turun dengan laju rata-rata 12,4% per tahun yang disebabkan oleh alih fungsi lahan. Faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi alih fungsi lahan pertanian di Kecamatan Sayung berturut-turut adalah kebutuhan ekonomi (41%), ibadah haji (16%), usaha (11%), pengobatan (9%), pembayaran hutang (8%), renovasi rumah (4%), pembelian motor (4%), pembagian warisan (4%) dan tukar tambah lahan (3%). Alih fungsi lahan sangat signifikan mempengaruhi jumlah penduduk yang mempunyai lahan pertanian, luas kepemilikan lahan, alih pekerjaan dan persediaan pangan keluarga.Keywords : alih fungsi; lahan; luas kepemilikan; alih pekerjaan; persediaan pangan
KAJIAN IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM CSR PERUSAHAAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT KEPADA MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN KOTAWARINGIN BARAT
Authors: Wardie John , Taufik Eka Nur
Published: March 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengkaji implementasi Program CSR yang dilaksanakan oleh PT. Gunung Sejahtera Ibu Pertiwi (GSIP); dan (2) menganalisis persepsi masyarakat yang bekerja maupun yang tidak bekerja pada perusahaan terhadap implementasi Program CSR yang dilaksanakan oleh PT. GSIP. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Pandu Senjaya, Kecamatan Pangkalan Lada, Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat. Metode penentuan sampel secara acak sederhana (simple random sampling) dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 responden dengan penetapan 30 responden masyarakat yang bekerja pada perusahaan dan 30 responden masyarakat yang tidak bekerja pada perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Program CSR perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. GSIP kepada masyarakat sebagian besar berfokus pada bantuan bidang ekonomi, sosial budaya dan lingkungan, sedangkan bantuan bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan masih kurang karena perusahaan menganggap bahwa bidang pendidikan dan kesehatan sudah menjadi tanggung jawab pemerintah. Selanjutnya persepsi masyarakat terhadap Program CSR yang dilaksanakan oleh PT. GSIP bahwa masyarakat yang bekerja pada perusahaan berkategori “sesuai” dengan skor 196,40, sedangkan untuk masyarakat yang tidak bekerja pada perusahaan berkategori “raguragu” dengan skor 153,23. Hal ini dibuktikan pula dengan hasil analisis uji-t yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara persepsi masyarakat yang bekerja pada perusahaan dan masyarakat yang tidak bekerja pada perusahaan terhadap implementasi Program CSR perusahaan. Karena kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang kegiatan CSR, sehingga masyarakat menilai bahwa kontribusi dari keberadaan perusahaan dalam implementasi Program CSR belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.Kata Kunci: Program CSR; perusahaan; kelapa sawit
ANALISIS PERSEDIAAN BERAS PADA PERUSAHAAN UMUM BULOG DIVISI REGIONAL JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Kristyaningrum Eva Yuliana , Ekowati Titik , Setiadi Agus
Published: March 2019

Bahan pangan pokok masyarakat Indonesia adalah beras. Perum BULOG memiliki tugas Public Service Obligation untuk menjaga ketersediaan beras di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) menganalisis jumlah pemesanan beras yang ekonomis pada setiap kali pemesanan oleh Perum BULOG Divisi Regional Jawa Timur Tahun 2011-2015; 2) menganalisis kinerjamanajemen persediaan beras oleh Perum BULOG Divisi Regional Jawa Timur. Metode penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Penentuan lokasi menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Nilai EOQ di Perum BULOG Divre Jawa Timur Tahun 2011-2015 berturut-turut sebesar 3.218 ton; 3.983 ton; 3.860 ton; 2.038 ton; dan 3.331 ton. Kinerja Perum BULOG Divisi Regional Jawa Timur sebagai penyangga kebutuhan gabah beras dalam negeri tergolong baik namun biaya persediaan yang dikeluarkan belum efisien.Kata Kunci : beras; BULOG; Economic Order Quantity; efisien; persediaan
KONTRIBUSI USAHATANI BUNGA KRISAN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI DI KECAMATAN BANDUNGAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Maghfira Astari , Setiadi Agus , Ekowati Titik
Published: March 2019

Usahatani umumnya dijadikan sebagai sumber pendapatan utama rumah tangga tani. Namun proporsi pendapatan usahatani dalam pendapatan total rumah tangga tani mengalami penurunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi usahatani bunga krisan pada pendapatan rumah tangga petani. Metode penelitian ini memakai metode survai. Penelitian ini telah dilakkukan pada 40 responden rumah tangga petani bunga krisan di Desa Duren dan Desa Kenteng secara snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Pendapatan bunga krisan satu musim tanam sebesar Rp 8.311.492. 2) Profitabilitas usahatani bunga krisan bernilai 86,03%. 3) Terdapat perbedaan  rata-rata pendapatan bunga krisan dengan rata-rata pendapatan lain diluar usahatani bunga krisan dalam total pendapatan rumah tangga tani.   4) Kontribusi pendapatan usahatani bunga krisan terhadap pendapatan total rumah tangga petani yaitu sebesar 59,34%.Kata Kunci: bunga krisan; kontribusi; pendapatan; usahatani; rumah tangga tani
ANALISIS EFISIENSI EKONOMI PENGGUNAAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR PRODUKSI PADA USAHATANI TEMBAKAU DI KECAMATAN GETASAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Hanifah Hana , Setiawan Bambang Mulyatno , Prasetyo Edy
Published: March 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan faktor produksi berupa luas lahan, jumah benih, tenaga kerja, pupuk kandang, pupuk ZA, pupuk NPK, pupuk KNO3 dan pestisida terhadap jumlah produksi usahatani tembakau dan (2) menganalisis tingkat efisiensi penggunaan faktor produksi usahatani tembakau secara ekonomi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2016 di Kecamatan Getasan Kabupaten Semarang. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 100 petani. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel adalah metode sensus. Analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda dengan fungsi produksi model Cobb-Douglas dan perhitungan efisiensi ekonomi. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor produksi luas lahan, tenaga kerja dan pupuk NPK berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi tembakau. Penggunaan faktor produksi tenaga kerja secara ekonomi belum efisien. Penggunaan faktor produksi luas lahan, jumlah benih, pupuk kandang, pupuk ZA, pupuk NPK, pupuk KNO3 dan pestisida secara ekonomi tidak efisien. Kata Kunci : efisiensi; produksi; faktor produksi; tembakau; usahatani
STUDI KOMPARASI PENGGUNAAN STIMULANSIA SISTEM CAIR DAN GAS GUNA PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN KARET DI PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA IX JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Riyadi Septaka T , Anwar Syaiful , Roessali Wiludjeng
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAKPenghalang utama dalam pengembangan karet alam (Hevea brasiliensis) adalah tingkat produktivitas lahan karet yang masih rendah. Produktivitas tanaman sangat dipengaruhi oleh umur tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbandingan produktivitas karet alam dengan penggunaan teknologi stimulant cair dengan stimulant gas dan menganalisis kelayakan finansial penerapan teknologi pada tanaman karet.  Lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara purposive di Kebun Kawung, Kabupaten Cilacap seluas 94,5 ha dengan penggunaan stimulansia gas dan penggunaan stimulansia cair pada kebun di Balong Kabupaten Jepara seluas 80,7 ha. Data teknis dan ekonomi merupakan data dalam kurun waktu Januari sampai dengan Desember 2016. Analisis uji beda dilakukan pada produksi dan produktivitas lahan karet dan analisis kelayakan finansial meliputi payback period, net B/C, NPV dan IRR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produktivitas lahan dan produktivitas per penyadap sistem stimulansia gas (Latene) nyata lebih tinggi daripada sistem stimulansia cair (scrapping). Hasil analisis kelayakan finansial eksploitasi karet per ha menunjukkan nilai NPV sistem scrapping lebih rendah dibandingkan system gas, Nilai IRR sistem scrapping (42.48%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan system gas (22,91%). Net B/C Ratio pada sistem scrapping menunjukkan nilai yang sama sebesar 2,39. Pengembalian dana investasi diperlukan waktu (payback period) 11 hari pada sistem scrapping lebih pendek dibandingkan sistem gas yaitu 3 bulan 9 hari. Secara finansial penggunaan teknologi stimulan gasmenghasilkan pendapatan lebih tinggi dibandingkan stimulan cair pada tingkat bunga 15%.Kata kunci: gas; finansial; karet; scrapping; stimulansia
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK PENYULUH, KONDISI KERJA, MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN DAN PADA PERILAKU PETANI PADI DI KABUPATEN REMBANG
Authors: Arifianto Siswono , Satmoko Sriroso , Setiyawan Bambang Mulyatno
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh karateristik penyuluh, kondisi kerja dan motivasi terhadap kinerja penyuluh pertanian dan pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku petani di Kabupaten Rembang. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Rembang dan merupakan penelitian kuantitatif analitik. Responden penelitian sebanyak 136 orang penyuluh pertanian atau seluruh populasi, kemudian untuk mengetahui out put kinerja penyuluh pertanian yaitu perilaku petani, dibutuhkan responden petani sebesar 272 orang yang merupakan petani binaan penyuluh pertanian yang dipilih secara acak, tersebar pada 14 kecamatan di Kabupaten Rembang. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan Struktural Equation Model (SEM) dengan program Amos. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karateristik penyuluh, kondisi kerja dan motivasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja penyuluh pertanian, dan kinerja penyuluh pertanian berpengaruh terhadap perilaku petani di Kabupaten Rembang. Jadi karakteristik, motivasi dan kondisi kerja berperan penting dalam peningkatan kinerja penyuluh pertanian sehingga berdampak pada perilaku petani, Oleh karena itu saran yang diajukan adalah agar para penyuluh pertanian diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kapasitasnya melalui pendidikan jenjang lebih tinggi, pelatihan.Kata kunci: kinerja; motivasi; penyuluh; perilaku; pertanian.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR DALAM KEGIATAN KELOMPOK TANI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PRODUKSI PADI DI KECAMATAN SUSUKAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Nugroho A.K.B , Sumekar Wulan , Mukson Mukson
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kegiatan penentuan pola usahatani, penyusunan rencana usahatani, penerapan teknologi tepat guna, penumbuhan pola kemitraan, ketaatan atas kesepakatan kelompok, penilaian usahatani, peningkatan kelestarian SDA, pengelolaan usaha kelompok dan perorangan anggota kelompok terhadap produksi. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dengan lokasi di Kecamatan Susukan, Kabupaten Semarang. Teknik pengambilan sampel kelompok tani dengan menggunakan stratified random sampling, diperoleh 92 kelompok dan masing-masing kelompok diambil 2 (dua) ragam responden yaitu pengurus dan anggota, sehingga jumlah responden sebanyak 184 orang. Analisis faktor-faktor dalam kegiatan kelompok tani dan pengaruhnya terhadap produksi padi menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penentuan pola usahatani, penyusunan rencana usahatani, penerapan teknologi tepat guna, penumbuhan pola kemitraan, ketaatan atas kesepakatan kelompok, penilaian usahatani, peningkatan kelestarian SDA, pengelolaan usaha kelompok dan perorangan anggota kelompok berpengaruh positif sangat nyata terhadap produksi. Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah perlu adanya penguatan kelembagaan kelompok tani melalui kegiatan penyuluhan.Kata Kunci: peran; kelompok tani; produksi
DAYA KEKUATAN TAWAR MENAWAR PENGUSAHA SLONDOK DI DESA SUMURARUM KECAMATAN GRABAG KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Authors: Manimabi Ruth , Priyanto Sony Heru , Nadapdap Hendrik Johanes
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT- This study aims to examine the external environment of slondok companies related to bargaining power used by slondok entrepreneurs with 2 Porter powers, namely bargaining power of buyers and suppliers as well as alternative strategies used by slondok entrepreneurs in increasing bargaining power of slondok. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The research method used is case study. The data used are primary and secondary data. Methods of data collection by interview. Participant selection technique with purposive sampling. Validity test and reliability test using source triangulation. Based on the results of research related to the strength of Porter in slondok company shows that the bargaining power of buyers is high, the bargaining power of the suppliers is as well as the alternative strategy applied is Porter's generic strategy. Kata kunci-agroindustri; industri kecil; kekuatan Porter; strategi generik
PENGARUH LAMA MELAUT, KEKUATAN MESIN TEMPEL, DAN KARAKTERISTIK RESPONDEN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN NELAYAN TANGKAP TRADISIONAL DI KABUPATEN TAKALAR
Authors: Rahim Abd , Dwi Hastuti Diah Retno , Syahma Asmita , Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: March 2019

Perubahan musim di Perairan Selat Makassar yang berbatasan langsung dengan wilayah pesisir pantai Barat Kabupaten Takalar mengakibatkan perubahan jumlah tangkapan sehingga berdampak pada pendapatan usaha tangkapnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh lama melaut, kekuatan mesin tempel, karakteristik respoden terhadap pendapatan nelayan tangkap. Analisis data menggunakan Ordiary Least Square (OLS) dari data cross-section yang bersumber dari data primer Tahun 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama melaut dan ukuran kekuatan mesin tempel berpengaruh positif terhadap pendapatan nelayan tangkap tradisional di Kabupaten Takalar. Sedangkan karakteristik respoden berupa umur, pendidikan terakhir, tanggungan keluarga, dan pengalaman melaut tidak berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan nelayan tangkap tradisional.Kata kunci: pendapatan; nelayan; tradisional
Dominasi Orang-Orang Besar Dalam Sejarah Indonesia: Kritik Politik Historiografi dan Politik Ingatan
Authors: Kurniawan Ganda Febri , Warto W. , Sutimin Leo Agung
Published: March 2019

This paper departs from the restlessness of some scientists about the dominant of the big man in Indonesia's historical narrative. It also becomes a form of public memory about the meaning of heroism which is more likely to be cultured rather than understanding academically. This article was composed an academic criticism of the conditions mentioned above, the political term historiography or historical writing that is used as a political interest is the most appropriate in describing Indonesia's current historiographic conditions. The dominance of the big man in history requires to be distorted and historiography needs to provide a place for stories of local heroes. Besides, memory politics also requires to be dammed through a counter-narrative that can be presented through critical historical studies, so that the desire to remember the forgotten will continue to live and become a guide for thinkers and activists of history.
A peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch.) in Ancient and Early Byzantine Medicine According to Selected Sources (1st – 7th c. AD.)
Authors: Jagusiak Krzysztof , Kokoszko Maciej
Published: March 2019

The peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch) is a tree native to the region known today as Northwest China, where its fruits were known around 2000 BC. Inhabitants of the Mediterranean Area came into contact with the peach probably between the 6th and 4th century BC thanks to the contacts with Persian Empire. In the western part of the Mediterranean Region the peach appeared later (ca. 1st c. AD). In the period under study there were many varieties of the peach, and they were eaten in many different ways – e.g. raw, dried, boiled etc. They could be consumed without any other ingredients, or as an element of more complicated dishes. Ancient and early Byzantine authors, who wrote their treatises between the 1st and 7th c. AD, and dealt with medicine (Dioscorides, Pliny the Elder, Galen, Oribasius, Aetius of Amida, Paul of Aegina, Athimus and others), described dietetic properties of a peach with details. Moreover, they left some information about a medical use of this fruit. This aspect of their works is an element of a wider and well-known phenomenon, i.e. an important role of all groups of aliments in the ancient art of healing.
Greckie nazwy dużych zwierząt morskich w świetle relacji Eliana (O naturze zwierząt IX 49)
Authors: Kaczyńska Elwira , Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: March 2019

The paper analyzes chapter IX 49 of Aelian’s De natura animalium, devoted to the largest sea animals. It is accompanied by a Polish translation and appropriate comments. Aelian provides numerous Ancient Greek names for large sharks and sea mammals, including the “sea lion,” hammer-headed shark, “sea leopard”, whales, sawfish, malthe, “sea ram”, “sea hyena” and “sea dogs”. The names are explained from the point of view of semantic motivation; some new identifications of sea monsters are suggested as well.
Kościół męczennika Dionizego w Cyrze (Nebi Houri, Syria) – próba identyfikacji
Authors: Nadobnik Wojciech
Published: March 2019

Martyr Dionysius was a local saint worshipped in the area of Cyrrhus in Syria at least since the 4th century. Author of this article combines literary, epigraphic and archeological evidence in order to identify his shrine and estabilsh it’s chronology.
Długie trwanie średniowiecza. „Descriptio Poloniae” z biblioteki w Tuchowie jako przykład trwałości form narracji kronikarskiej
Authors: Bering Piotr
Published: March 2019

The aim of the present article is to examine an 18th-century manuscript completed in the Benedictine Abbey in Tuchów. The basic problem is related to a narrative technique, which resembles a medieval one. Some modifications of the narration are also noticeable, but the work is mostly similar to medieval chronicles.
Wearable Computing im Betrieb gestalten
Authors: Evers Maren , Krzywdzinski Martin , Pfeiffer Sabine
Published: March 2019

Wearables (beispielsweise Datenbrillen und Smartwatches) sind ein besonders sichtbares Element von Industrie-4.0-Anwendungen. Sie sollen situationsgerechte Informationen zur Verfügung stellen, können aber zugleich auch Daten über den Arbeitsprozess – und teils sogar über Bewegungsmuster und Vitalfunktionen der Beschäftigten – generieren. Die Wearable-Technologie ist in einem frühen Entwicklungsstadium, in dem die Interessen und Sichtweisen der relevanten Akteure, vor allem der Technikentwickler und des Managements möglicher Anwendungsunternehmen von besonderer Bedeutung sind. Der vorliegende Artikel untersucht die Rolle der Lösungsentwickler und ihr Verständnis von Arbeit und den Arbeitsprozessen, in denen Wearables eingesetzt werden sollen. Er beruht auf leitfadengestützten Interviews mit Lösungsentwicklern. Gezeigt wird ein ambivalentes Verständnis von Arbeit: Auf der einen Seite dominiert die Wahrnehmung menschlicher Arbeitskräfte als potenzielle Fehlerquellen und die Fokussierung auf die Optimierung einzelner Arbeitsplätze und ihrer Ergonomie, während übergreifende Fragen der Arbeitsgestaltung und Arbeitsorganisation ausgeblendet werden. Auf der anderen Seite werden die Potenziale und Gefahren der Wearable-Technologien im Hinblick auf Individualisierung, Datenschutz und Kontrolle differenziert gesehen und diskutiert.
Verhandlung ohne Gegenüber
Authors: Scheuplein Christoph
Published: March 2019

Dieser Beitrag untersucht den Einfluss von Private-EquityGesellschaften auf die Corporate Governance und die betriebliche Mitbestimmung in Deutschland. Hierzu wurde ein größeres Sample von Betriebsräten aus Unternehmen der Automobilzulieferindustrie befragt. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Beteiligungsgesellschaften die Corporate Governance verändern, indem sie in die Entscheidungsstrukturen der Unternehmen eingreifen und informelle Interaktionsstrukturen der Sozialpartner auflösen. Die unternehmerische Koordination wird stark über finanzwirtschaftliche Kennzahlen gesteuert und der Umgang mit der Arbeitnehmerseite verrechtlicht. Für die Betriebsräte verringern sich die Möglichkeiten der Kompromissbildung im Unternehmen und erhöht sich das Anforderungsprofil ihrer Arbeit.
Global well-posedness and temporal decay estimates to the fractional Cahn–Hilliard equation in ℝN\mathbb{R}^{N}
Authors: Duan Ning , Zhao Xiaopeng
Published: March 2019

This paper is devoted to study the global well-posedness of solutions for the Cauchy problem of the fractional Cahn–Hilliard equation in

ℝ
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}}

(

N
∈

ℕ
+

{N\in\mathbb{N}^{+}}

), provided that the initial datum is sufficiently small. In addition, the

L
p

{L^{p}}

-norm (

1
≤
p
≤
∞

{1\leq p\leq\infty}

) temporal decay rate for weak solutions and the higher-order derivative of solutions are also studied.
A Joint Poisson State-Space Modelling Approach to Analysis of Binomial Series with Random Cluster Sizes
Authors: Yan Guohua , Ma Renjun , Tariqul Hasan M.
Published: March 2019

Serially correlation binomial data with random cluster sizes occur frequently in environmental and health studies. Such data series have traditionally been analyzed using binomial state-space or hidden Markov models without appropriately accounting for the randomness in the cluster sizes. To characterize correlation and extra-variation arising from the random cluster sizes properly, we introduce a joint Poisson state-space modelling approach to analysis of binomial series with random cluster sizes. This approach enables us to model the marginal counts and binomial proportions simultaneously. An optimal estimation of our model has been developed using the orthodox best linear unbiased predictors. This estimation method is computationally efficient and robust since it depends only on the first- and second- moment assumptions of unobserved random effects. Our proposed approach is illustrated with analysis of birth delivery data.
Reduction Behavior and Mechanism of Iron Ore in Molten Iron in the Process of Converter Steelmaking
Authors: Nanyang Deng , Di Zhou , Rufei Wei , Aijun Deng , Yunjin Xia , Dingdong Fan
Published: March 2019

XRD and SEM methods were applied to the reduction behavior and mechanism of iron ore in molten iron at temperatures of 1400 °C, 1450 °C, and 1500 °C. The results showed that iron ore could be reduced by carbon in molten iron. When the reduction of iron oxide occurred at the reaction interface, carbon in the molten iron was affected by the concentration gradient. This promoted reduction and the reduction effect improved with increase in reaction temperature. After the carbon in the molten iron almost disappeared, the surfaces of the iron ore and molten iron exhibited oxidizing atmospheres causing different degrees of oxidation of the reduced metal iron and molten iron at 1500 °C. Through analysis of the reduction mechanism of iron ore, it was known that the maximum reaction activation energy during gas phase diffusion was 1612.1 kJ/mol, which restricts the iron ore reduction reaction. At low temperatures, the diffusion of gaseous products in solid-liquid is difficult. Increasing the temperature and stirring accelerate the reduction reaction while increasing gas diffusion.
Free coarse groups
Authors: Protasov Igor , Protasova Ksenia
Published: March 2019

A coarse group is a group endowed with a coarse structure so that the group multiplication and inversion are coarse mappings.
Let

(
X
,
ℰ
)

{(X,\mathcal{E})}

be a coarse space, and let

𝔐

{\mathfrak{M}}

be a variety of groups different from the variety of singletons.
We prove that there is a coarse group

F
𝔐

⁢

(
X
,
ℰ
)

∈
𝔐

{F_{\mathfrak{M}}(X,\mathcal{E})\in\mathfrak{M}}

such that

(
X
,
ℰ
)

{(X,\mathcal{E})}

is a subspace of

F
𝔐

⁢

(
X
,
ℰ
)

{F_{\mathfrak{M}}(X,\mathcal{E})}

, X generates

F
𝔐

⁢

(
X
,
ℰ
)

{F_{\mathfrak{M}}(X,\mathcal{E})}

and every coarse mapping

(
X
,
ℰ
)

→

(
G
,

ℰ
′

)

{(X,\mathcal{E})\to(G,\mathcal{E}^{\prime})}

, where

G
∈
𝔐

{G\in\mathfrak{M}}

,

(
G
,

ℰ
′

)

{(G,\mathcal{E}^{\prime})}

is a coarse group, can be extended to coarse homomorphism

F
𝔐

⁢

(
X
,
ℰ
)

→

(
G
,

ℰ
′

)

{F_{\mathfrak{M}}(X,\mathcal{E})\to(G,\mathcal{E}^{\prime})}

.
If

𝔐

{\mathfrak{M}}

is the variety of all groups, the groups

F
𝔐

⁢

(
X
,
ℰ
)

{F_{\mathfrak{M}}(X,\mathcal{E})}

are asymptotic counterparts of Markov free topological groups over Tikhonov spaces.
The generalized Fermat Conjecture
Authors: García-Máynez Adalberto , Gary Margarita , Acosta Adolfo Pimienta
Published: March 2019

If a, b, c are non-zero integers, we considerer the following problem: for which values of n the line ax + by + cz = 0 may be tangent to the curve xn
+ yn
= zn
?

We give a partial solution: if n = 5 or if n – 1 is a prime a number, then the answer is the line cannot be tangent to the curve. This problem is strongly related to Fermat’ s Last Theorem.
The class of all semigroups related to semihypergroups of order 2
Authors: Worawiset Somnuek , Koppitz Jörg , Chotchaisthit Somchit
Published: March 2019

This paper deals with semihypergroups of order two from the point of view of the model theory. We use basic knowledge to show that there are exactly 17 non-isomorphic semihypergroups of order two. Each of them corresponds in a canonical way to a semigroup of order three. We classify all of them by generalized identities a concept introduced by Lyapin. In particular, we classify all non-group semigroups of order three by one generalized identity.
Criterion for the weak potency of certain HNN extensions
Authors: Asri M. S. M. , Bin Wong Kok , Choon Wong Peng
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we shall establish a criterion for the weak potency of certain HNN extensions of weakly potent groups. Then, using this criterion, we shall prove certain HNN extensions of weakly potent group with finite subgroup, infinite cyclic subgroup, direct product of an infinite subgroup and a finite subgroup, or finite extensions of a central subgroup as the associated subgroups are again weakly potent.
Fekete Szegö theorem for a close-to-convex error function
Authors: Ramachandran C. , Kavitha D. , Ul-Haq Wasim
Published: March 2019

By motivating the result of Ramachandran et al. [Certain results on q-starlike and q-convex error functions, Math. Slovaca, 68(2) (2018), 361–368], in this present investigation we derive the classical Fekete Szegö theorem for a close-to-convex error function of order β and the sharp estimates also obtained for real μ.
Bounds for distance between eigenvalues of boundary value problems with retarded argument
Authors: Şen Erdoğan
Published: March 2019

In this study we are concerned with spectrum of boundary value problems with retarded argument with discontinuous weight function, two supplementary transmission conditions at the point of discontinuity, spectral and physical parameters in the boundary condition and we obtain bounds for the distance between eigenvalues. We extend and generalize some approaches and results of the classical regular and discontinuous Sturm-Liouville problems. In the special case that ω (x) ≡ 1, the transmission coefficients γ
1 = δ
1, γ
2 = δ
2 and retarded argument Δ ≡ 0 in the results obtained in this work coincide with corresponding results in the classical Sturm-Liouville operator.
Gradient estimates for a nonlinear heat equation under the Finsler-Ricci flow
Authors: Zeng Fanqi , He Qun
Published: March 2019

This paper considers a compact Finsler manifold (Mn
, F(t), m) evolving under the Finsler-Ricci flow and establishes global gradient estimates for positive solutions of the following nonlinear heat equation:

∂

t

u
=

Δ

m

u
,

$$\begin{array}{}
\partial_{t}u=\Delta_{m} u,
\end{array} $$

where Δ
m
is the Finsler-Laplacian. As applications, several Harnack inequalities are obtained.
Example of C-rigid polytopes which are not B-rigid
Authors: Choi Suyoung , Park Kyoungsuk
Published: March 2019

A simple polytope P is said to be B-rigid if its combinatorial structure is characterized by its Tor-algebra, and is said to be C-rigid if its combinatorial structure is characterized by the cohomology ring of a quasitoric manifold over P. It is known that a B-rigid simple polytope is C-rigid. In this paper, we show that the B-rigidity is not equivalent to the C-rigidity.
Some comments on rU-spaces
Authors: Kalapodi Aleka
Published: March 2019

We find non-regular Hausdorff rU-spaces (connected or not). We also prove that a countable Hausdorff connected space cannot be an rU-space.
A note on discrete C-embedded subspaces
Authors: Namdari Mehrdad , Siavoshi Mohammad Ali
Published: March 2019

It is shown that in some non-discrete topological spaces, discrete subspaces with certain cardinality are C-embedded. In particular, this generalizes the well-known fact that every countable subset of P-spaces are C-embedded. In the presence of the measurable cardinals, we observe that if X is a discrete space then every subspace of υ X (i.e., the Hewitt realcompactification of X) whose cardinal is nonmeasurable, is a C-embedded, discrete realcompact subspace of υ X. This generalizes the well-known fact that the discrete spaces with nonmeasurable cardinal are realcompact.
Dimensions of Peircean diagrammaticality
Authors: Stjernfelt Frederik
Published: March 2019

Taking its point of departure in the origin of the notions of “diagram” and “iconicity” in Peirce’s philosophy of logic, this paper reviews and discusses a series of dimensions along which such diagrams may be compared, measured and subdivided: diagrams versus images and metaphors, operational versus optimal iconicity in diagrams, diagram tokens versus diagram types, diagrams as general signs; corollarial versus theorematic diagram reasoning; pure versus applied diagrams; logic diagrams versus diagrams facilitating logical inferences; continuous versus discontinuous diagrams; diagrams in non-deductive reasoning. Most of these developments occur in the mature Peirce after the turn of the century and thus form an important part of his mature semiotics – yet, they do not relate in any simple or straight-forward manner to his attempts at enlarging his combinatorial semiotics from its bases in the three-trichotomy theory of the 1903 Syllabus over the six-trichotomy theory of 1904–1906 to the sketchlike ten-trichotomy version of 1908, where diagrams rarely figure in the names of sign-types discussed – why?
Polarized mapping Raman spectroscopy: identification of particle orientation in biominerals
Authors: He Jianhan , Bismayer Ulrich
Published: March 2019

The identification of the texture of biominerals and the particle orientation in the bivalve shells of Anodonta cygnea was performed using polarized Raman spectroscopy mapping measurements. A single crystal of aragonite served as a reference to disclose orientational information on the mesoscopic scale. The relative intensities of different Raman modes combined with the determination of depolarization ratio of the Ag Raman mode at 1087 cm−1 of an aragonite single crystal was used to indicate the angular variation of aragonite crystallites in biominerals. The imaging technique shows that the a- and b-axis of aragonite crystallites in both, nacreous and prismatic layers do not only have one orientation but they are organized in a domain-type arrangement. The angular divergence in the prismatic layer of the shells is larger and hence, the crystallites in the nacreous layer have a higher degree of co-orientation. Results provide relevant textural information about aragonitic shells and indicate a sensitive technique to evaluate the crystal orientation in biominerals.
Study on the Mechanism of Carbon Steel Sparks
Authors: Long Junbi , Li Xiaobo , Pan Deng , Peng Dian
Published: March 2019

Spark testing is an effective and convenient method that can be used be identify general classification of the steel material by observing the sparks projected by the grinding wheel. In order to more accurately identify the type of spark, the spark streams of carbon steels are described and illustrated by a high-speed camera. The appearance and phase analysis of the residues collected from the spark streams are studied separately by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer. Results show that the spark streams are the trajectory of the movement of carbon steel wear debris. The luminescence of the debris is provided by the heat released by the iron oxidation reaction. The carbon burst is caused by the explosion of carbon monoxide (CO) on the surface of carbon steel wear debris, and CO is produced by the reduction reaction of carbon and iron oxides. The main shape of the residues is flaky and spherical. There are some holes caused by carbon burst on the surface of the spherical residues. For the qualitative phase analysis of the residues, the main phase is composed of iron, ferrous oxide (FeO), ferric oxide (Fe2O3), and ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4). As the increase of the carbon content of steel, the quantity of iron phase is greatly reduced, and the quantity of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 phase is gradually increased. Moreover, the amount and density of carbon burst is increased, and the number of the holes in the spherical residues are also increased.
Estimation of Wave Velocity for Ultrasonic Imaging of Concrete Structures Based on Dispersion Analysis
Authors: Lin Shibin , Shams Sadegh , Choi Hajin , Meng Dewei , Azari Hoda
Published: March 2019

Wave velocity is the most critical parameter used by the synthetic aperture focusing technique for the ultrasonic imaging of concrete structures. However, it has been challenging to estimate wave velocity with the traditional time-domain method that requires the picking of direct waves. The dispersion trend of direct waves is theoretically a horizontal line with frequency as the x-axis and phase velocity as the y-axis, and the horizontal line is due to the nondispersive phenomenon of direct waves in an elastic, homogeneous material. To overcome the challenge of picking direct waves in the time domain, this study proposes a frequency-domain method to first obtain the dispersion trend of direct waves based on the nondispersive phenomenon and then estimate the shear-wave velocity from the average phase velocity of the nondispersive trend in the frequency domain. This frequency-domain method was verified with the numerical and experimental ultrasonic data from concrete specimens with embedded delamination. A comparison of the results obtained using the two methods indicates that the frequency-domain method can significantly improve the accuracy of estimating the shear-wave velocity and eventually improve the accuracy of ultrasonic imaging.
“Dynamite Talk”: William Dean Howells, Racial Socialism, and a Legal Theory of Literary Complicity
Authors: Schwartz Jesse W.
Published: March 2019

Jesse W. Schwartz, “‘Dynamite Talk’: William Dean Howells, Racial Socialism, and a Legal Theory of Literary Complicity” (pp. 522–550)

In the wake of the 1886 Haymarket bombing in Chicago, William Dean Howells famously stood alone among his peers and against nearly all public opinion by defending the accused, denouncing the court, and appealing for clemency. Scholars ever since have found it difficult to explain Howells’s transition from the often hidebound “Dean of American Letters” into an ardent—if provisional—activist. However, as Howells made clear from the start, his sympathies were not with the anarchists themselves but against the “civic murder” committed by the court. Taking the writer at his word, this essay returns to the transcript of the Haymarket trial in order to identify the catalyst behind Howells’s unlikely conversion. By linking the defendants’ tracts and speeches with subsequent political acts allegedly committed by their sympathizers, the prosecution had manufactured a juridical reconciliation that successfully collapsed all conceptual space between word and deed, thereby leaving every writer potentially liable for the social lives of their texts. In A Hazard of New Fortunes (1889), Howells’s literary response to both the bomb and the trial, the beleaguered author would attempt to unstitch this legal contiguity by appraising characters for their susceptibility to radical speech. Yet, by linking the degree of this complicity to ethnicity rather than politics, the novel ultimately upholds the legal logics that Howells had so vigorously opposed.
Reserve of ice in glaciers on the Nordenskiöld Land, Spitsbergen, and their changes over the last decades
Authors: Lavrentiev I. I. , Glazovsky A. F. , Macheret Yu. Ya. , Matskovsky V. V. , Muravyev A. Ya.
Published: March 2019

Data on thickness and area of 16 glaciers on the Nordenskiöld Land (Svalbard) were obtained in 1999 and 2010–2013. These data were used to determine volume of the glaciers and to establish statistical local relationship between the volume V and the area A (V–A scaling) in the form of the power function V = cAγ, and then to calculate the total ice volume of all 202 glaciers in this area and its changes during the period since 1936 to 2002–2008. The total area of 16 glaciers was 129.9±0.35 km2, 14 of which had areas from 0.2 to 8.1 km2. The two largest ones, the Fridtjof and the West Grenfjord, had the areas 17.5 and 47.3 km2, respectively, and thus occupied about 50% (64.8 km2) of the total area of 16 glaciers. These two glaciers account for 67% of the total measured volume (10,034 km3) of the 16 glaciers. A nonlinear least-squares method was used to estimate ice reserves in all 202 glaciers from data on the volume and area of 16 glaciers. The relation between volume V and area A of the  glaciers (V–A scaling) was obtained as the ratio V = 0.03637A1,283 with 95%‑th confidence intervals of the coefficients с and γ, (0.02303–0,4971) and (1.184–1.381), respectively. This made possible to calculate total volume of 202 glaciers as of 2002-2008 state using data from RGI v.6.0, and that prove to be equal to 32.89 (16.75–56.63) km3. To verify this estimation, we applied the bootstrapping method for chosen 43 glaciers and calculated the volume by means of sequential use of data for large and smaller glaciers. According to this estimate, the total volume of 202 glaciers amounted to 30.34 km3 with a 95% confidence interval of 15.42–44.27 km3, that turned out to be slightly smaller than the volume calculated by nonlinear least squares method basing on measurements on 16 glaciers. Despite the large error (on the average, from −49% to +84%) in estimating the total volume of 202 glaciers in the Nordenskiöld Land, the data obtained were used for assessment of relative changes in the total volume of glaciers in this area over different time intervals. During the period from 1936 to1990 (54 years), the total area of all glaciers reduced from 738.1 to 546.7 km2, and the total volume decreased from 49,205 to 34,857 km3. Similar results for the period 1990–2002–2008 (~15 years) are the total area changes from 546.7 to 507.9 km2 and their total volume - from 34.857 to 32.890 km3. The rate of decrease of the volume for the period 1936–1990 was equal to −0.266 km3/year, for the period 1990–2002–2008 – minus 0.131 km3/year, and as a whole for the studied period (since 1936 to 2002–2008) – minus  0.236 km3/year. The average mass balance in the first period was equal to −0.372 m w.e./year, in the second one −0.224 m w.e./year, and for the whole time −0.342 m w.e./year.
Sensitivity of the results of modeling of seasonal ground freezing to selection of parameterization of the snow cover thermal conductivity
Authors: Pozdniakov S. P. , Grinevskyi S. O. , Dedulina E. A. , Koreko E. S.
Published: March 2019

The relationship between the results of calculations of the dynamics of the temperature regime of the in freezing and thawing soil profile with the heating effect of the snow cover is considered. To analyze this connection, two coupled models are used: the model of formation and degradation of snow cover in winter and the model of heat transfer and soil moisture transport in underlying vadoze zone profile. Parametrization of the influence of the snow cover, which at each calculated moment of time has the current average density and depth, on the dynamics of the temperatures of the soil profile is due to the use of its specific thermal resistance, which depends on its current depth and the thermal conductivity coefficient. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of the snow cover is related with its density using six different published empirical relationships. Modeling of heat transfer in freezing and thawing soil is carried out on the example of the field site for monitoring the thermal regime located on the territory of the Zvenigorod Biological Station of Moscow State University. It is shown that the well-known relationships give similar curves for the dynamics of the depth of seasonal freezing, including the degradation of the seasonal freezing layer in the spring period, with the same dynamics of the snow cover. However, the maximum penetration depth of the zero isotherm differs significantly for different snow conductivity-snow density relationships. The tested six relationships were divided into three groups. Minimal freezing is provided by the Sturm model and the effective medium model. The average and rather poorly differentiating freezing from each other is given by the Pavlov, Osokin et al. and Jordan relationships. The greatest value of the freezing depth is obtained with using Pavlov’s relationship with a temperature correction.
Vuiko Models of Regional Development in the Russian Federation and Investment Strategies
Authors: Lapin Anatoly E. , Vuiko Mikhail B.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. The article is of relevance due to the need to develop models of regional development within the diversity of socio-economic, natural and geographical conditions of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the paper is to review the problems and risks standing in the way of the development and implementation of the up-to-date strategy of regional development as well as to identify the models of development of the constituent entities, based on an analysis of a certain system of factors.

Materials and Methods. The methods of factor and systemic analysis of socio-economic, geographical and natural indicators were employed; content analysis was performed and an overview of the strengths and weaknesses of the country’s regions was given.

Results. An analysis of socio-economic indicators and of the dynamics of the development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation has been performed as well as that of their natural and geographical conditions. A typology of regions has been developed, which includes eight classifications taking into account their strengths and weaknesses, geographical location and resources available. The reasons for the lack of an up-to-date model of development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the risks associated with the adoption of this strategy have been identified.

Discussion and Conclusion. Due to the rather high difference between the regions in economic, social, natural and geographical conditions, it is necessary to take into account the identified features when devising a regional development strategy. This approach can make the best possible use of the competitive advantages of each of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; it can help form a competent system of intra-regional relations and reduce the proportion of wrong decisions, measures and policies for regional development.