bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Anthropology of Plague: Insights from Bioarcheological Analyses of Epidemic Cemeteries
Authors: Dewitte Sharon N.
Published: January 2021

Most research on historic plague has relied on documentary evidence, but recently researchers have examined the remains of plague victims to produce a deeper understanding of the disease. Bioarcheological analysis allows the skeletal remains of epidemic victims to bear witness to the contexts of their deaths. This is important for our understanding of the experiences of the vast majority of people who lived in the past, who are not typically included in the historical record. This paper summarizes bioarcheological research on plague, primarily investigations of the Black Death in London (1349–50), emphasizing what anthropology uniquely contributes to plague studies.
The Cloth Seal: A Mark of Quality, Identification, or Taxation?
Authors: Cherry John
Published: January 2021

This survey explores the origins of the lead cloth seal and its use in the primary production process of cloth making, secondary processes such as dyeing, and widespread application in the taxation and the regulation of trade. It concentrates especially on the discovery, study, and historiography of cloth seals in England and France, and explores how the study of such seals provides evidence for manufacturing and commerce in the medieval and post-medieval worlds.
Thinking Globally: Mandeville, Memory, and Mappaemundi
Authors: Wyatt Greenlee John , Fore Waymack Anna
Published: January 2021

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content: THE TRAVELS OF Sir John Mandeville, the fourteenth-century "first-person" account of a fictional English knight's adventurous journey to Jerusalem and across the world, is difficult to teach.1 Popular with medieval European audiences, the book troubles today's students with its confusing descriptions of global geography, its treatment of non-Christian, non-European peoples, and its constant conflation of fact and fable. But, as those who have taught it can attest, it can serve as a valuable tool for challenging students' preconceptions of an isolated European Middle Ages. It introduces them to an unreliable narrator and to tensions between the doctrines of the institutional Roman church and individual faith. The author's global perspective shows students a world of diverse religions, ethnicities, races, diets, customs, and sexualities. And the Travels does this while being relatively short and entertaining, pulling the reader through the map via its engaging narrative of landscaped vignettes.
Introduction
Authors: Carpentieri Nicole , Symes Carol
Published: January 2021

The seven articles in this thematic issue address written responses to different periods of turmoil that impacted Muslim and Christian societies in the western Mediterranean from the ninth to the sixteenth centuries. By highlighting the complexities of the literary artifacts produced in Sicily, al-Andalus, and North Africa, it offers new perspectives on the interactions between Islam and Christendom at a time of traumatic transition from one political and religious hegemony to another, as reflected in a variety of genres: apologetic and hagio-graphical works, interreligious polemics, military and diplomatic dispatches, historiography, travel narratives, and romance. These analyses reveal a cultural panorama in which "internal otherness" and religious rivalry are both generative forces within a Mediterranean of fungible linguistic and social boundaries, where traditional genres are inflected and re-invented and new vernacular forms arise from multicultural and multi-confessional encounters.
Shifting Silences
Authors: Hall Dorota
Published: January 2021

In Poland between 1970s and 2010s, the discursive landscape involving issues of religion and homosexuality radically changed, which influenced the possibilities for combining religiosity with non-normative sexuality at a personal level. This paper draws on biographical interviews with Polish Roman Catholics who experience homoerotic desire. It shows that the shift of homosexuality from being a phenomenon surrounded by silence to becoming a ‘gay’ identity has produced new silences and new problems in integrating the religious and the sexual spheres of life. The paper is concerned with the integration at both the cognitive level and in the context of social interactions, highlighting possibilities and limitations specific for the past and the present, respectively. However, it tells a non-linear story of gay and lesbian experience that complicates a clear division between the communist past, customarily seen as totally restricting sexually non-normative individuals, and today’s democratic conditions, seen as decidedly beneficial for their self-expression.
Sexual Harassment or Volunteer Work?
Authors: Lapina Linda
Published: January 2021

This article applies the notion of affordance to analyse affective, intersectional emergence of differentiated whiteness in the context of East to West migration after the enlargement of the European Union in 2004. I draw on autoethnography and memory work, juxtaposing encounters with two elderly, white, single and physically impaired Danish men in their homes in 2004 and 2014. Cleaning Ole’s apartment in 2004, I was invited to provide sexual services, passing as a sexualized, too young, unemployable female Eastern European love migrant of limited social value. In contrast, interviewing Carsten for my PhD in 2014, I came across as able-bodied, middle-class researcher, progressively feminine and fluent in, perhaps even, Danish. I heard no sexual undertones in Carsten’s invitation to ‘visit again’, instead perceiving it as a suggestion to become a voluntary visitor. Analyzing the affective flows in these encounters, I trace how markers of difference intersect to afford different whitenesses. I discuss how whiteness functions as an affordance, accumulated over time, emerging in situated, affective encounters and constraining bodies’ possibilities for interactions, movement and becoming. The article contributes to research on whiteness and intersectionality and to scholarship that explores emergence of ‘Europe’ by examining relations between centre/periphery and racial formations.
Europeanization as Civilizational Transition from East to West
Authors: Gressgård Randi , Husakouskaya Nadzeya
Published: January 2021

Drawing on an empirical study of gender and sexuality politics in Ukraine, this article interrogates the civilizational and yet unspoken racialization that characterizes Europeanization projects in the context of EU enlargement. Its point of departure is that the boundaries of Europeanness coincide with the boundaries of whiteness in a civilizational frame. It argues that Europeanization involves more than merely the influence of EU policies and values on non-member states, simultaneously marking and unmarking civilizational whiteness. Europeanness is, in this meaning, a quintessential racialized identity marker, even as racial whiteness is unmarked as a ‘natural’ adjacency of the West. This dual mechanism is discussed in terms of racial displacement. More specifically, the article foregrounds how racialized power relations intersect with – while at the same time being obscured by – political instrumentalization of sexual rights and freedoms in ‘transitioning’ processes in Ukraine.
The Effects of Artemia Cyst Harvesting on the Salt Lake Ecosystem
Authors: Litvinenko Liudmila I. , Litvinenko Aleksander I. , Boyko Elena G. , Kutsanov Kirill V. , Korentovich Marina A.
Published: January 2021

In Russia, the main stocks of Artemia cysts and cyst harvesting activities are concentrated in Western Siberia. About 1,100 tons of cysts are harvested annually, including 180 tons in the Kurgan Region and 140 tons from Medvezhye Lake (about 2 % of their world harvest). The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of influence of Artemia cyst harvesting on the ecosystem of a salt lake in a case study of Medvezhye Lake. The main trophic components of the ecosystem – phytoplankton, zooplankton, and zoobenthos – were analyzed. The salinity of the brine of Medvezhye Lake varied between 110 and 320 g/dm3 in different years. Phytoplankton in the lake function throughout the year. They are characterized by small cell sizes, low biomass (0.76±0.24 mg/L) and daily production (1.03±0.18 mgO2/L or 0.3±0.05 gC/m2), and high levels of A/B and P/B coefficients. Zooplankton and zoobenthos are represented mainly by Artemia. The biomass of Artemia shrimp reached 21.9±3.2 mg/L (219 kg/ha) on average during 1995-2018. During this period, the stock of cysts formed annually in the lake was 114.5±14.3 kg/ha; the harvest was 23.7±3.0 kg/ha (21 % of the stock). The main components of the ecosystem – phytoplankton – Artemia shrimp – Artemia cysts – were produced annually in the following proportions: 8390:2678:115 kg/ha·year (75:24:1 %). The removal of 23.7 kg/ha of the cysts (0.22 % of the production of all components) from the lake is negligible compared to the other components of the ecosystem. The residual density of cysts after harvesting, which is necessary for the reproduction of the Artemia population for the next season during the 1st generation, is 10 kg/ha. Averaged data indicate that the amount of Artemia cysts left in the ecosystem of Medvezhye Lake after cyst harvesting is 91 kg/ha, i.e. 9 times greater than the minimum required density. The results reported in the present study indicate that the current level of cyst harvesting cannot have any significant impact on the ecosystem of the hypersaline lake
Mace In Bagratid Armenia According To Written And Figurative Sources
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Dymydyuk Dmytro
Published: January 2021

The military history of the Bagratid era (late 9th– mid-11th centuries) has not been the object of historical research for a long time. Therefore many questions concerning the form and functions of the weapons of that time remains unresolved. However, the studies of the armament of neighboring countries (Byzantium, Caliphate, Georgia, etc.) were researched much better. Previousely historiographers considered the military history of such «small nations» as Armenia from the perspectives of Eastern Roman Empire and Muslim world warfare which were considered as primary research objects. This paper aims to change this perspective and give the subject of the medieval Armenian military history the attention it deserves. The aim of the research is to pay attention to the war mace – one of the earliest weapons in almost all cultures. The task is to reconstruct the types of maces which were used in Bagratid Armenia; to analyse their physical and battle characteristics; methods of use; manufacturing process; terminological issue (լախտ (lakht) and գուրզ (gurz) etc. Taking into consideration the lack of archaeological finds of medieval maces from the territory of Armenia, the author pays attention to the written and figurative sources, comparing them with Byzantine and Muslim written accounts, archaeological finds and figurative sources respectively. Special attention was drawn to Armenian miniatures from the 11th century: «Kiss of Judas» (fig. 1–4), «Jesus before Pilate» (fig. 21) and to the relief on the door of Msho Arakelots monastery (1134) (fig. 6), where various types of maces are depicted. Due to the comparative analysis, further support was given to the idea that medieval figurative sources are more or less accurate material for studying medieval military history.
Gender Aspect of Fluid Intelligence Diagnostics
Authors: Nikolaeva A.Y. , Burdukova Y.A. , Alekseeva O.S. , Rzhanova I.E. , Britova V.S.
Published: January 2021

The study of fluid intelligence has a long history. The term “fluid intelligence” was proposed by R. Cattell in the 40s of the last century. According Cattell, fluid intelligence, along with crystallized intelligence, were fundamental factors in the structure of intelligence. With the further development of psychological science and the improvement of data analysis methods, other schemes of cognitive abilities were proposed, however, almost all of them included fluid intelligence as one of the main factor. In many studies the connection of fluid intelligence, working memory and the prefrontal cortex was demonstrated, the influence of fluid intelligence on the success of learning was proved. However, the question about gender differences in fluid intelligence is still open. In the presented study, two tests were selected for the diagnosis of fluid intelligence – Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – 5th edition – WISC–V and the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children – 2nd edition KABC–II. Both of these tests contain fluid intelligence scales. In the WISC–V, the Fluid Reasoning Index includes two subtests: Matrix Reasoning, Figure Weights; in the KABC–II, the Gf Scale also consists of two subtests: Story Completion and Pattern Reasoning. The sample include 48 children. The average age was 9,5 years, 52% were boys. All children passed both intelligence tests completely. Comparison of the test results did not reveal gender differences in the fluid intelligence index. However, the correlation structure of the results of both tests was different in the group of boys compared with the group of girls (in the group of boys, significantly more relationships were found out than in the group of girls), which confirms the hypothesis that the structure of fluid intelligence is dependent on gender.
Strategy of Psycho-Correctional Work in Medical Rehabilitation of Patients with Movement Disorders
Authors: Kotel'nikova A.V. , Kukshina A.A. , Buzina T.S. , Tihonova A.S.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of present work is to study the dynamic characteristics of the personality (current psycho-emotional state, adherence to treatment) of patients with movement disorders in order to identify the main targets of psycho-correctional work. 363 patients were examined: 195 after stroke and 168 with degenerative-dystrophic diseases of large joints and spine. The following tools were used: SCL-90-R, Tampa Scale, Compliance Level Questionnaire, expert assessment of compliance by the attending physician and physical therapy instructor on a five-point scale. High level of somatization of anxiety and depressive feelings and psychological component of kinesiophobia (fear of movement), manifested in convincing patients that their illness is an insoluble medical problem were marked as targets of psycho-correctional works during the study. The contribution of personal compliance, understood as the implicit willingness of the patient to be committed to treatment and to the achievement of satisfactory compliance, registered in the rehabilitation process, is studied. The expediency of drawing up individual programs of psychological rehabilitation on the basis of preventive diagnostics of compliance is shown, while the average level of the mentioned indicator is determined as optimal for the effectiveness of rehabilitation.
Biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction: diagnostic and prognostic value. Part 2 (Literature review)
Authors: Chaulin Aleksey M. , Duplyakov Dmitry V.
Published: January 2021

In the second part of the review, we continue the discussion of biomarkers that have a diagnostic and prognostic significance in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The study of the AMI pathophysiology through the experimental and clinical research contributes to the discovery of new regulatory molecules and pathogenetic mechanisms underlying AMI. At the same time, many molecules involved in the pathogenesis of AMI can be used as effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and prediction of AMI. This article discusses in detail the diagnostic and prognostic value of inflammatory biomarkers of AMI (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, myeloperoxidase, matrix metalloproteinases, soluble form of CD40 ligand, procalcitonin, placental growth factor) and a number of recently discovered new biomarkers of AMI (microribonucleic acids, galectin-3, stimulating growth factor expressed by gene 2, growth differentiation factor 15, proprotein convertase of subtilisin-kexin type 9).
Georg Eisath. K etiology of progressive paralysis in Numetskiy Tyrol. (Ueber die Aetiologie d. Progres. Paralyse in Deutsch. Tirol.) Allgem. Ztschr. f. Psvchiatrie 1901. B. 58, H. II and III. 390-408 S
Authors: Malyev V.
Published: January 2021

The author uses a comparatively small material of histories of illnesses of 155 paralytics who were in 1889-1899 in the face in Gall and clinics of prof. Mauer'a in Innsbruck. There were 116 men in total, 29 women, that is, there were 4 men for 1 woman. The age of the patients was between 30 and 64 years old, the most were 40-50 years. In relation to syphilis, which is considered by the author as the main ethiological moment, sick Tyroleans were distributed in this way.
Geospatial Analysis and Simulation of Glacial Avalanche Hazard in Hunza River Basin
Authors:   IGIS, NUST, Pakistan, Gilany N. , Iqbal J. , Hussain E.
Published: January 2021

Glacial avalanche hazard poses threat to human lives and damage settlements / infrastructures in alpine glaciers mountainous regions. A gigantic ice plus rock avalanche destroyed Gyari military camp in Siachen sector on April 2012 and buried 139 personals. The study focuses on geospatial analysis and simulation of Shishper glacial avalanche of Hunza basin. To simulate the potential glacial avalanche hazard to Hassan Abad settlements, an empirical process based Glacier Avalanche Model; Rapid Access Mass Movement Simulation (RAMMS) is utilized. The model encompasses avalanche release area and height for the execution of simulation. The model output of Shishper glacial avalanche resulted; a max pressure of 450 Kpa, max velocity of 40 m/s, and the max flow height of 80m, while the resulted surge extent output was 2500m. The potential hazardous Shishper glacial avalanche remains a continuous hazard to Hassan Abad of Hunza valley including Karakoram Highway and Frontier Works Organization (FWO) camp. The study has resulted in identifying the Upper Indus Bain (UIB) being more prone to glacial avalanche hazards because of host factors in general and the anthropogenic factor in particular.
Exploration and Practice of Improving Programming Ability for the Undergraduates
Authors:   the School of Information Science and Technology, Yunnan University, China, Yuan Guowu , Liu Shicai , Hu Kuang , Yue Kun , Pu Yuanyuan
Published: January 2021

Programming ability is one of the most important abilities for the undergraduates majoring in computer science. Taking Yunnan University as an example, the necessity and importance of improving the ability of programming is analyzed in this paper. The exploration and practice of improving students' ability of programming are discussed from four aspects: arrangement and reform of programming curriculums, construction of online programming practice innovation platform, certification of programming ability and organization of programming competitions. These reforms have achieved good results in recent years, which can provide reference for the practical teaching reform of computer specialty in relevant universities.
Cultural Innovation Design —Taiwan Stain Color Scheme
Authors:   National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan, Xin-Zhu Li
Published: January 2021

As the climate change has made an enormous impact on the global environment in recent years, people begin to place a premium on the concept of environmental protection with many nongovernmental green groups working together surrounding the issue. Due to the interlocking effect of reducing productivity, the instability of oil price, and alternative energy, green ingredients, energy-saving materials and other green industries that the textile industry in Taiwan is confronted with, the approach to reviving the sunset industry may, through the lens of cultural creativity, has blue ocean business opportunities to offer. The study focuses on how to combine traditional stain and green stain so as to formulate visual and scientific standards and improve the age-old stereotype that dyed cloth belongs exclusively to traditional handicraft, which will open up the potential for the future application and originality of dyed cloth and may usher in new business opportunities for Taiwan dyed cloth. The study has two aims. On one hand, it will analyze the hi-tech green dyeing and natural dyeing in Taiwan textile industry and explore the two stains’ properties of environmental protection, energy conservation, stain resistance, color fastness, and optical activity resistance. Through data-based visual research, a visual systematic structure will be set up based on the existing materials, and the stain color scheme will be developed for relevant industrial growth and designers to use. On the other hand, on the basis of the stain color scheme, compound media materials will be employed in wax printing craft to create cultural commodities that blends creativity and international competitiveness. The overall study result shall provide creators with a scientific research-based stain visual system, stain color scheme, thereby enhancing the quality and width of creation and open up the potential blue ocean business opportunities for cultural creation.
Approach to psychotherapy in generalized anxiety disorder in the primary health care
Authors: Aloufi Khalid Kulaib , Kaki Fatima Mohammad , Al Lashit Abbas Hassan , Al Habshi Nawaf Hussein , Alsaffar Hussain Fuad , Hamza Aseel Abubakr , Alaqlan Mohammed Abdulrahman , Takrooni Walaa Abdullah , Mandora Ruba Mohammad , Althabi Nabeel Ali , Alzekrey Meshari Khaled , Khan Hatan Adnan , Saeedi Hattan Siddiq
Published: January 2021

Although medications have shown great efficacies in managing generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), recent evidence shows that patients tend to psychotherapy as their first-line of management due to the frequency of side effects resulting from the prolonged use of these medications. Psychotherapy is defined as the using certain and defined psychological modalities for the management of an emotional or mental illness on the condition that the aim and deadline of the therapy have been pre-determined. In this review, we present a brief about the psychological management of patients with GAD. We have identified three psychological modalities for the management of GAD as previous studies have compared them to the usual care by pharmacological modalities or a placebo. These include cognitive-behavioral (CBT), interpersonal, and supportive therapies. We found that management of GAD using CBT, interpersonal or supportive therapies is significantly efficacious in reducing GAD symptoms and increase the possibilities of recovery in addition to reducing the recovery or relapse rates. By doing this, we expect that the managed patient’s quality of life would be improved. We also recommend that the management approach should be case-sensitive for each patient depending on the patient’s status, the severity of the disease, and the responsiveness of the patient.
Primary tuberculosis of the parotid gland- A case report
Authors: Singh Harjitpal , Kaur Ravinder , Sood Bindu , Bagra Tilak
Published: January 2021

Tuberculosis of the parotid gland is uncommon in ENT practice. If not associated with sinus/abscess formation, it becomes difficult to differentiate it from neoplasm of the gland. In cases where it involves only the gland (Primary Tuberculosis), then the diagnosis mainly depends on high index of suspicion of the treating physician. Radiological support, FNAC or HPE are the other helping modes to arrive on a diagnosis. FNAC is a simple process with less morbidity for the patient. We treated a patient successfully with medical treatment after FNAC.
Geochemical Characterization of Some Biodegraded Oils from the Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Egbo Omonigho Khalin , Adeigbe Olubunmi C. , Esegbue Onoriode
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to examine the compositional changes resulting from biodegradation, fathom the extent of degradation, and provide clues for interpreting the evolution and the overall effects on the quality of the oils. Ten oil samples from onshore-offshore fields were analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods. GC results indicate variable loss of low molecular weight (LMW) alkanes, besides the presence of unresolved complex mixture (UCM). Saturated, aromatic, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) compositions and low saturate/aromatic ratio confirmed evidence of biodegradation. Biodegradation levels of the considered oils range from light to moderate, based on Peters and Moldowan scale. This influenced shifts in the ‘primary compositions’ of oils probably from paraffinic or paraffinic-naphthenic oils to aromatic-naphthenic oils. Total ion chromatograms of well 1 and 2 from Northern depobelt, show presence of LMW alkanes, co-existing side by side with UCM, suggesting multiple charges. However, biomarker fingerprints of the oils lack evidence of in-reservoir mixing of biodegraded and non-biodegraded oils. Nevertheless, the possibility of oil mixing cannot be excluded, because biodegradation is progressive and is ongoing. This study, shows the process has dramatically impacted the fluid properties, commercial worth, and economic producibility of the investigated oil accumulations in the basin.
An Enhanced Crack-Plugging and Pressure-Bearing Oil-Based Drilling Fluid System
Authors: Dong Liming
Published: January 2021

Compared with water-based drilling fluids (WBDF), oil-based drilling fluids (OBDF) are more prone to borehole leakage loss. Once borehole leakage occurs, it’s difficult to handle the leakage site and it will inevitably cause great economic losses. To cope with the major difficulties in OBDF leakage-proof and crack plugging, this paper conducted experiments on an enhanced crack-plugging and pressure-bearing OBDF system starting from the borehole leakage prevention measures. Then, by selecting and optimizing the materials of leakage-proof agent and crack-plugging agent for OBDF, this study prepared a new-type OBDF drilling leakage-proof agent and a new-type OBDF still crack-plugging agent and discussed their action mechanisms. Laboratory experiment and mechanism analysis results showed that, a well-proportioned combination of different type OBDF leakage-proof and crack-plugging materials such as rigid bridging particles, elastic filling particles, and fiber materials had a synergistic plugging effect and quickly formed a dense crack-plugging and pressure-bearing layer with a stable network structure (the "strong-force chain network" model), which had significantly improved the crack-plugging and pressure-bearing performance of the OBDF, and further optimized the enhanced crack-plugging and pressure-bearing OBDF system; before and after the heated rolling aging, the rheological properties and filtration loss performance of the system were good, and the filtration loss of the sand filter cake of the Permeability Plugging Apparatus (PPA) was only 11.4mL, therefore, the proposed agents exhibited good performance in drilling leakage-proof, crack-plugging, and pressure-bearing, and they were helpful to improve the pressure bearing ability of the earth stratums.
Effective power of the reverse polarity welding arc when surfacing aluminum with a consumable electrode
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Sidorov V. P. , Kovtunov A. I. ,   Togliatti State University, Bochkarev A. G. ,   Togliatti State University, Sovetkin D. E. ,   Togliatti State University
Published: January 2021

The paper analyzes the information about the effective power of a reverse polarity arc on an aluminum part and the influence of the arc cathode region on it. The study differentiated the effective power of the direct polarity arc into its main components. The authors carried out the experiments to measure the effective power of the reverse polarity arc for aluminum welding. To determine the effective power, the calorimetry was used when hardfacing a wire of 1.2 mm diameter on the Al-Mn alloy plate and the deposited metal then was weighed. Based on the experiment results, the authors calculated an average algebraic deviation of αН∙I hardfacing performance and effective power. As a result, the authors proposed the procedure to determine the electrode wire fusion coefficient at zero stick-out α0 according to its dependence on the arc current, which increases at electrode diameter decreasing. This coefficient is about 25 % less than that of steel. By assuming a weak dependence of anode power on the arc current, this fact proves the obtained data on the high heat content of electrode metal droplets of an aluminum wire in comparison with a steel wire. At the droplet transfer of electrode metal, the cathode region power of the arc makes the prevailing contribution to the total effective power of the reverse polarity arc. At the current density equal to 175 А/mm2, the specific effective power of the cathode region action is qSC=9.0 W/А, the power of the electrode metal is qE=4.6 W/А, and the plasma flow power is qP=5.2 W/А.
ABOUT ORTHODOX EDUCATION IN MODERN RUSSIA
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, branch in Ussuriisk (School of Education), Komashinskaya T. S.
Published: January 2021

The relevance of the study in regards to the science and theory is caused by the necessity of theoretical and pedagogical determination of the content of a new social and pedagogical reality developed due to the change of the place and status of religion in the public mind. The relevance of considering Orthodoxy in practice is caused by the search for ways for the spiritual revival of Russia as the society and the state desperately need educational models ensuring spiritual-moral components in the content of education. The paper analyzes the statistical data illustrating the dynamics of the Russians’ attitude to Orthodoxy. The author considers the legal and regulatory framework of Orthodox education. The author discusses the structure of Orthodox education in modern Russia. The paper describes the primary, secondary, vocational, and scientific training levels in Orthodox education and gives the typical forms of training for each level of education. The study shows that Orthodox learning uses both traditional and contemporary methods and techniques. In this respect, self-education is significant and necessary at all levels of Orthodox education. The main issues facing Orthodox education are associated with Orthodox education quality improvement, education forms and methods development, the training level of high-quality specialists for religious organizations, secondary and high school teachers, specialists in the sphere of inter-religious and church-state relations. One of the main problems at each level of learning is the specialization of education content and the selection of optimal ways of assessment and control for material retention. The author concludes that Russian people can get Orthodox education at any age, using various forms and methods of teaching.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOLERANCE OF UNCERTAINTY AND PARAMETERS OF CREATIVITY OF STUDENTS
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Lazyuk I. V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University
Published: January 2021

Uncertainty tolerance is a systematic, persistent tendency of a person to react more or less intensely to the perceived ambiguity. Tolerance of uncertainty is activated in situations of decision-making or solving problems. How productive can be people’s behavior in unexpected, uncertain situations is largely determined by their creative potential. In the circumstances of ambiguity and multitasking, uncertainty tolerance and creativity are included in the structure of essential qualities of various professional careers, which emphasizes the necessity to study the correlation between these phenomena. There are 148 students from Novosibirsk State Medical University – the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd-year students – taking part in the empirical study. Among them are 25 boys and 123 girls. The average age of the subjects is 20±2.2 years. The data obtained from the study demonstrate a significant positive correlation between uncertainty tolerance and many creativity indicators. This proves that students with a high level of uncertainty tolerance have a higher level of real (originality, emotional sensitivity/empathy) and ideal parameters of creativity (imagination, creative thinking, originality, curiosity). Thus, situations that generate ambiguity and uncertainty engage students’ creative potential and allow for unconventional decisions, flexible behavior, perception of various aspects of a problem, and emotional response to the ambiguity.
THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN SELF-REGULATION AND ACCEPTANCE OF TECHNOLOGIES BY THE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Lukina V. S. , Mironov A. E. ,   M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: January 2021

Education is increasingly using various technologies: training management systems, different platforms, mobile devices, social networks, etc. In the conditions of distance learning, the requirements for the independence of students are increasing, learning activity is carried out based on self-regulation. The authors carried out the study in April-May of 2020 in the context of switching of full-time students to distant learning. The paper aims at the study of the interrelation between self-regulation and the acceptance of technologies by high school students. The hypothesis of the research: The respondents, who have high performance of the self-regulation level, will demonstrate a higher level of technology acceptance. By the time of collecting the materials, the students have been studying online for two months using distance training technologies. The authors carried out the study of the selected group of 75 students of higher education institutions. In general, according to the results, the authors noted low values on the Modeling, Assessment of Results, and Flexibility scales and higher values on the Programming scale. The study revealed differences between male and female groups on the Modeling, Reliability, and General Level of Self-regulation scales (p≤0.05). The respondents, who subjectively assess the quality of Internet connection as low, in general, are more loyal to the technologies and, to a greater extent, show their intention to use technologies in their training. The study identified negative correlations between the Reliability, General Level of Self-regulation, and Personal Utility scales of two techniques. In this case, the hypothesis was not confirmed: it turned out that the respondents with a high level of self-regulation tended to believe that technologies were not so useful in their activity as they did not promote its efficiency.
INTERNAL CONTROL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY: FUNCTIONING AND INTERACTION
Authors:   Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University, Makarenko S. A.
Published: January 2021

For the efficient implementation of functions in the sphere of internal control depending on the activity scale and nature, organizations create services of internal control, internal audit, risk management, and economic security; however, the functionality of these structures are not clearly defined. The main goal of this study is the allocation of responsibilities for making and implementing the decisions in the sphere of internal control, which ensures the concurrence and effectiveness of implemented measures at simultaneous nonduplication of functions. The paper deals with the study of the internal control system of an economic entity. The study determined the functional interrelation between the level of the internal control system maturity and the organizational structure of an economic entity. The author considered the structure of control authorities and their functionality based on the maturity level of the economic entity’s internal control system. The paper presents the diagrams of the feed-forward and feed-back mechanism peculiar to the full-functional internal control. Based on the generalization of theoretical provisions, the author determined the role of the internal control services as an instrument for ensuring the state of economic security of an organization. The proposed mechanism of functioning of structural divisions involved in the internal control system promotes the improvement of business management efficiency and reduces the negative impact of the external and internal factors. While developing an economic entity, the internal control system should be reconsidered, taking into account the formation of a single methodological foundation for all divisions. As a result of the study, the author recommends regularly examining (at least once a year) the divisions’ functions within the internal control system using the procedure described in the study.
PARTNER NETWORKS AS AN INSTRUMENT TO BOOST INNOVATION ACTIVITY
Authors:   Pskov State University, Nikolayev M. A. , Peryshkin M. O. ,   Pskov State University
Published: January 2021

In the modern economy, innovations appear as the main competitive strength. At the same time, there are some problems with the transformation of the raw-materials export model of development into an innovative one. In this context, the task of the transition of the RF organizations to innovation-based development is number one at present, the solution of which will ensure the sustainable economic growth and competitive ability of the national economy. The paper aims at the study of possibilities to promote innovative activity in the context of the digital economy through the creation of partner networks. The research proves the prospects of the application of digital platforms enabling the cooperation of organizations. The system analysis allowed identifying the following problems of development of the innovation sphere of Russia: the low innovation potential of organizations, the deficiency of own sources of financing, the lack of skilled personnel, and the low demand for the results of innovative activity. The paper considers the current situation with the development of partner networks in Russia. The analysis showed that, in general, the networking cooperation of the enterprises is on a low level. At the same time, the innovatively active organizations rather energetically participate in the partner networks when implementing co-projects. Russian enterprises as the partners are mainly oriented at their countrymen. Besides, they cooperate with European organizations and USA partners. Recently, Russian enterprises develop networking cooperation with the organizations of India and China.
QUALITY, EFFICIENCY, AND RESPONSIBILITY OF AUDITORS: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University, Safonova M. F. , Reznichenko D. S. ,   Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University, Sidenko N. M. ,   Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University
Published: January 2021

Audit quality and responsibility of auditors for rendered services are two concepts closely correlating with each other. The owners and management of a company under auditing, when concluding a contract for audit, concern about getting reliable financial information on the economic status and actual financial effect, as well as about the absence of the risk of being held liable to fines and penalties of tax service in future. For society in general, high-quality audits of economic entities propel the investment processes and the economic efficiency improvement. The content of the concepts of audit quality, audit efficiency considered by the scientific community as the interdependent categories is revealed in the paper concerning the importance of these definitions for an audited person, auditing organization, society, and the state in general. The main goal of the study is the systematization of types and measures of auditors’ responsibility concerning the quality of rendered services and public significance of an auditor profession. As a result of the study, the authors recommended: to enshrine in the law on auditing activity the persons who are other persons granted the right to lodge a claim for recognition of an audit report to be deliberately false; to place disputes on the recognition of an audit report under the arbitration court jurisdiction that is in agreement with Article 27 of Arbitration Procedural Code of the Russian Federation; taking into account the specificity of financial information, which tends to get old rather quickly, it is logical to set a limitation period of one year concerning the recognition of audit report to be deliberately false.
THE PROCEDURE OF EVALUATION OF PUBLIC SERVICES RENDERING BY THE EMPLOYMENT AUTHORITIES (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE OMSK REGION)
Authors:   Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Sciences, Khairov B. G. , Zaripova R. Kh. ,   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University (SibADI), Khairova S. M. ,   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University (SibADI), Pinigina A. S. ,   Siberian State Automobile and Highway University (SibADI)
Published: January 2021

The relevance of the study is caused by the necessity to reorganize the activity of regional employment centers within the implementation of measures of the federal project “The employment support and labor market efficiency improvement to ensure better performance”. The authors study the up-to-date sectors of work of Government Employment Services. The paper presents a model of the quality management system of government authorities developed based on the process approach and the PDCA cycle. This model offers customer satisfaction monitoring to assess the degree of meeting the specified requirements. The authors analyzed the key regulatory documents governing the process of rendering services, developed the technique to evaluate the quality of public service in promoting self-employment to unemployed citizens. The methodology includes the expert analysis of administrative procedures of rendering services to demander; the service quality assessment using a mystery shopper; service receiver survey; identifying the integral index of service conformance with the consumer expectations to assess the consumer perception. The authors analyzed the administrative procedure of public service in promoting self-employment to unemployed citizens. The study identified the reasons for service consumer demotivation, including the difficulty of perception of the procedure text, the plenty of bureaucratic terms, the lack of information on the additional services, and possibilities that can be received by an unemployed citizen. To evaluate the conformance of service quality with consumer expectations, the authors applied the well-known SERVQUAL methodology used in marketing research. The paper shows an example of a calculation of the integral index of service rendering conformance. The practical significance of the quality assessment methodology is in the possibility to carry out a complex evaluation of the work of regional employment centers, consumer satisfaction, and, finally, in the creation of the consumer-attractive services.
DIAGNOSTICS OF INVESTMENT POTENTIAL IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC STABILITY OF THE REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MARI EL REPUBLIC)
Authors:   Volga State University of Technology, Tsaregorodtsev I. S.
Published: January 2021

The crisis in the domestic economy has significantly worsened the economic situation in the regions. High dependence on federal budget revenues makes it necessary to search for additional sources of funding, that is, to attract investment. The paper analyzes the importance of investment potential in the system of economic stability of the region, presents the system of indicators that reflects the key factors of the social and economic development of the region which influence the interest of the business community in the implementation of investment projects in the territorial entity of the Russian Federation. The threshold values of the indicators are specified, which make it possible to assess the influence of each indicator on the level of investment potential and group them to distinguish the areas of social and economic development of the region that require special attention. The author illustrated the diagnostics of investment potential in the system of economic stability of the region through the example of the Mari El Republic. The study revealed that the region does not meet the necessary threshold values for most indicators, which negatively affects its investment potential and might cause threats to economic stability. The diagnostic results indicate some problems in the economy of the region, such as an extremely low level of innovations in production, a high degree of fixed assets depreciation, a large proportion of unprofitable enterprises, and negative trends in demography which lead to a shortage of labor resources.
DIAGNOSTICS AND ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY IN THE REGIONAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION)
Authors:   Siberian Institute of Management – the branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Irkin M. A. , Cherepkova T. N. ,   Siberian Institute of Management – the branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: January 2021

The increasing role of the economic security of particular regions is characteristic of the present time since the totality of their indicators largely determines the level of national security. Therefore, in management, one should pay significant attention to the issues of increasing economic security in the region. The paper presents the study of economic security indicators in the Novosibirsk region. The authors analyzed some specific indicators and indices necessary for the formation of a comprehensive opinion on the economic security level of the territory, such as real incomes of the population, the employment level, depreciation of fixed assets in the region, the share of foreign investments in the total volume of investments in fixed assets, the growth rate of real incomes, and others. The analysis of economic security indicators allowed identifying some factors that should be given special attention. When managing the economic security of the Novosibirsk region, it is necessary to focus on reducing the population with substandard incomes, increasing the investment activity of citizens, and the attractiveness of the territory for foreign investors. The authors analyzed the level of economic security of the Novosibirsk region. The study revealed both the positive factors in this aspect and some indicators, the value of which causes significant anxiety. Among the positive factors, it is necessary to note the high employment of the population and low unemployment, as well as the indicators showing the R&D investments, which can have a positive effect on the scientific and innovative development of the region. Among the negative indicators, one can note a high level of poverty and low investment activity in the territory.