bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Search of a ‘European Model’ for Fixed-Term Work in the Name of the Principle of Effectiveness
Authors: Aimo Mariapaola
Published: March 2017

With Directive 1999/70 on Fixed-Term Work – and more generally through European Directives on flexible work – the European legislator tried to strike a balance between the demands for flexibility coming from employers and the needs to safeguard the rights of flexible workers. This balance has been carried out through various provisions of the Directive, as the Court of Justice of the EU explained over the years: by placing side-by-side ‘hard’ rules, considered by the European judges as directly effective (like the principle of equal treatment between fixed-term workers and comparable permanent workers), and ‘softer’ provisions (like the ones directed to prevent abuse of successive fixed-term contracts) which leave a significant margin of appreciation to the Member States about how to implement them, provided that they do not compromise the objective and the practical effect of the Directive. Fifteen years after the adoption of Directive 1999/70, the present study aims to start from its purposes, in order to identify the basic components of a possible ‘European model’ for Fixed-Term Work by following the CJEU's case law, which has established, ‘in the name’ of the principle of effectiveness, some important restrictions to Member States' discretion in implementing the Directive: a model that may prove useful for evaluating the European consistency of the relevant national laws.
Improving Working Conditions for Ageing Workers in the European Union
Authors: Canazza Christine
Published: March 2017

Ensuring good working conditions for ageing workers needs to be the quid pro quo when considering extension to an active working life. It is therefore essential to identify the problems ageing workers face on the actual labour market to better understand this particular group of workers. In order to take into account both social norms, persuasive norms and legal norms, we choose to take Kahn-Freund's approach as the framework for this article. The aim of the paper is to propose an improvement to the existing European framework regarding the working conditions for ageing workers in order to propose a new way of planning ageing policies with regard to four specific working conditions issues.
Future Directions in EU Labour Law
Authors: Prassl Jeremias
Published: March 2017

The present edition of the European Labour Law Journal presents the results of a yearlong research and policy engagement project funded by the British Academy. Future Directions in EU Labour Law brought together early career scholars in employment law from across the European Union with senior mentors and policy experts from across the European Institutions. This guest editorial set outs the background to the project, introduces and highlights the key themes of the papers to follow, and acknowledges the support that the project has enjoyed over the course of 2015.
Reshaping EU Working-Time Regulation: Towards a More Sustainable Regime
Authors: Zbyszewska Ania
Published: March 2017

The European Commission's 2015 Roadmap on work-life balance cites a comprehensive policy and regulatory approach as essential to addressing the interrelated goals of reconciling work and family, the sharing of care work between women and men, and attaining substantive gender equality. However, the EU's key instrument setting ‘normal’ hours of work standards, the Working Time Directive, is absent from the measures identified as central to such a comprehensive approach. Attributing this omission in part to the Directive's historic evolution, its controversial and unsettled status, and its apparent gender ‘neutrality’, this article argues that work-life balance strategies must incorporate standard working-time considerations if they are to be effective; likewise, a more meaningful engagement with and the advancement of work-family reconciliation and equality goals is crucial for the Working Time Directive's continued relevance. Failing such a more obvious articulation between the two sets of policies, a number of goals currently on the EU agenda will be difficult to attain, as supporting caregivers and redistributing unpaid work between women and men, but also objectives of active aging and Europe's long-term social sustainability, require the development of more sustainable work models and working-time practices.
Taking EU Equality Law to the Next Level: In Search of Coherence
Authors: Lahuerta Sara Benedi
Published: March 2017

EU employment equality law is the product of fifty years of law-making. This gradual evolution has led to fragmentation and differences in the protection afforded to protected grounds, often referred to as a ‘hierarchy of discrimination grounds’. This paper argues that human dignity is one of the underlying values of EU equality law, and therefore, the existence of a ‘hierarchy’ is not deliberate, but rather the accidental product of progressive waves of legislative evolution. It is thus submitted that EU equality law should keep evolving to achieve a coherent approach to address discrimination. This requires a legal framework that is logical, consistent and aligned with international human rights instruments. On this basis, the paper discusses two proposals to improve the coherence of EU employment equality law, namely, explicitly prohibiting gender identity discrimination and embracing reasonable accommodation for religious practices through a broad interpretation of the concept of indirect discrimination.
Social Procurement: Policy and Practice
Authors: Ludlow Amy
Published: March 2017

Public sector spending can be used to further social policy objectives, through social procurement. While the potential of social procurement has long been recognised, the scope for its lawful use in practice has been uncertain and contested. EU Member States have responded to these uncertainties in different ways, both at the level of policy and practice. This paper explores some of these divergences and uncertainties through two case studies of the implementation of Directive 2014/24/EU in the UK and the Netherlands. Through these case studies the nature of EU law and its operation and absorption within varied national contexts is reflected upon, as well as the prospects for social procurement following transposition of the new Directives.
Political Expression on Social Media: The Role of Communication Competence and Expected Outcomes
Authors: Velasquez Alcides , Rojas Hernando
Published: March 2017

The use of social media sites for political expression has added a new layer to the study of political discussion. In this type of user-generated content applications, interpersonal and mass-mediated types of communication converge in one medium. Therefore, in this study, we bring together insights from interpersonal communication theories and mass communication models that predict online expression, adding explanatory power to this form of political participation. Specifically, we contribute to the understanding of social media political expression by examining the influence of communication competence and expected outcomes on expressive behaviors. Results of a representative survey of the adult urban population of Colombian Facebook ( n = 598) and Twitter ( n = 185) users, suggest that social media communication competence and expected status, novelty, and social outcomes influence political expression on social media. Furthermore, users’ social media political expression expected outcomes through Facebook and Twitter differ. This study illustrates the important role that interpersonal communication factors have for social media political discussion, and the difference between users’ expectations when they express their political views through different social media platforms.
Where Dating Meets Data: Investigating Social and Institutional Privacy Concerns on Tinder
Authors: Lutz Christoph , Ranzini Giulia
Published: March 2017

The widespread diffusion of location-based real-time dating or mobile dating apps, such as Tinder and Grindr, is changing dating practices. The affordances of these dating apps differ from those of “old school” dating sites, for example, by privileging picture-based selection, minimizing room for textual self-description, and drawing upon existing Facebook profile data. They might also affect users’ privacy perceptions as these services are location based and often include personal conversations and data. Based on a survey collected via Mechanical Turk, we assess how Tinder users perceive privacy concerns. We find that the users are more concerned about institutional privacy than social privacy. Moreover, different motivations for using Tinder—hooking up, relationship, friendship, travel, self-validation, and entertainment—affect social privacy concerns more strongly than institutional concerns. Finally, loneliness significantly increases users’ social and institutional privacy concerns, while narcissism decreases them.
Promoting Clusters and Networks for Small and Medium Enterprises to Economic Development in the Globalization Era
Authors: Foghani Sara , Mahadi Batiah , Omar Rosmini
Published: March 2017

This research attempts to explore the importance of cluster-based systems in preparation for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to go global, and it is an ongoing research. The findings of this research are aimed at providing insights to policy makers, academicians, and practitioners with the objective of creating initiatives, strategies, and policies, which reflect the primary aim of supporting SMEs in managing global challenges. SMEs that are cluster-based have the potential to facilitate the successful inclusion of SMEs in the growth of productivity and networks of global distribution. Most Asian developing countries are in the dark when it comes to this matter. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relations between the capabilities of the networks and clusters in developing SMEs’ preparedness in facing business players in the global arena. This study’s scope includes specific Asian developing countries. Even though the issue of clusters in SMEs has been well researched in developed countries, such empirical studies are still lacking in the Asian region despite its prevalent collectivism practice. In the concluding analysis, the study intends to develop a model emphasizing the cluster-based industrial SMEs toward globalization.
Is Trauma Memory Special? Trauma Narrative Fragmentation in PTSD
Authors: Bedard-Gilligan Michele , Zoellner Lori A. , Feeny Norah C.
Published: March 2017

Seminal theories posit that fragmented trauma memories are critical to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and that elaboration of the trauma narrative is necessary for recovery. According to fragmentation theories, trauma narrative changes, particularly for those receiving trauma-focused treatment, should accompany symptom reduction. Trauma and control narratives in 77 men and women with chronic PTSD were examined pre- and posttreatment, comparing prolonged exposure (PE) and sertraline. Utilizing self-report, rater coding, and objective coding of narrative content, fragmentation was compared across narrative types (trauma, negative, positive) by treatment modality and response, controlling for potential confounds. Although sensory components increased with PE ( d = 0.23–0.44), there were no consistent differences in fragmentation from pre- to posttreatment between PE and sertraline or treatment responders and nonresponders. Contrary to theories, changes in fragmentation may not be a crucial mechanism underlying PTSD therapeutic recovery.
Democratic tensions in decentralised planning – Rhetoric, legislation and reality in England
Authors: Sturzaker John , Gordon Michael
Published: March 2017

The shifting of power from the central state to local and sub-local arenas of governance (labelled as localism or decentralisation) is a common feature of many 21st-century democracies, popular with both the “left” and “right” in political terms. A common justification for this is that it is assumed to be “more democratic” than the alternative. The superficiality of this assumption, however, conceals much tension and complexity, not least potential tensions between different variants of “democracy”. This paper explores this tension and complexity using the example of the new neighbourhood planning powers in England, introduced through the 2011 Localism Act, which combine representative and direct forms of democracy, and promote public participation. We will argue that whilst opening up new channels for democratic participation by citizens, the reforms introduced in 2011, and similar moves towards decentralisation of (planning) powers elsewhere, may be insufficiently cognisant of power dynamics at the local and community scales, leading to various sets of tensions between the actors involved. We conclude that how the actors respond to these tensions will have a strong influence on the success or otherwise of this experiment with planning and democracy.
Factors Associated With Missed Appointments at an Academic Pain Treatment Center: A Prospective Year-Long Longitudinal Study
Authors: Odonkor Charles A. , Christiansen Sandy , Chen Yian , Sathiyakumar Asmitha , Chaudhry Hira , Cinquegrana Denise , Lange Jessica , He Cathy , Cohen Steven P.
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:

Interventional pain treatment centers represent an integral part of interdisciplinary care. Barriers to effective treatment include access to care and financial issues related to pain clinic operations. To address these challenges, specialty clinics have taken steps to identify and remedy missed clinic appointments. However, no prospective study has sought to identify factors associated with pain clinic “no-shows.”

METHODS:

We performed a prospective, longitudinal year-long study in an inner-city, academic pain clinic in which patients scheduled for office visits and procedures were categorized as to whether they showed up or did not show up for their scheduled appointment without cancelling the day before. Twenty demographic (age, employment status), clinical (eg, diagnosis, duration of pain), and environmental (season, time and day of appointment) variables were assessed for their association with missing an appointment. The logistic regression model predicting no-shows was internally validated with crossvalidation and bootstrapping methods. A predictive nomogram was developed to display effect size of predictors for no-shows.

RESULTS:

No-show data were collected on 5134 patients out of 5209 total appointments for a capture rate of 98.6%. The overall no-show rate was 24.6% and was higher in individuals who were young (<65 years), single, of ethnic minority background, received Medicare/Medicaid, had a primary diagnosis of low back pain or headaches, were seen on a day with rain or snow or for an initial consult, and had at least 1 previous pain provider. Model discrimination (area under curve) was 0.738 (99% confidence interval, 0.70–0.85). A minimum threshold of 350 points on the nomogram predicted greater than 55% risk of no-shows.

CONCLUSIONS:

We found a high no-show rate, which was associated with predictable and unpredictable (eg, snow) factors. Steps to reduce the no-show rate are discussed. To maximize access to care, operation managers should consider a regression model that accounts for patient-level risk of predictable no-shows. Knowing the patient level, no-show rate can potentially help to optimize the schedule programming by staggering low- versus high-probability no-shows.
Risk Factors for Severe Postpartum Hemorrhage After Cesarean Delivery: Case-Control Studies
Authors: Butwick Alexander J. , Ramachandran Bharathi , Hegde Priya , Riley Edward T. , El-Sayed Yasser Y. , Nelson Lorene M.
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:

Women who undergo intrapartum caesarean delivery (CD) are at increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) compared with those undergoing prelabor CD. To determine whether the presence and strength of the associations between individual risk factors and severe PPH vary among women undergoing prelabor CD or intrapartum CD, stratified analyses are needed according to CD subtype.

METHODS:

To identify risk factors for severe PPH within 2 distinct CD populations, prelabor CD and intrapartum CD, we performed 2 case-control studies. Women in each study cohort delivered at a tertiary obstetric center in the United States between 2002 and 2012. For each study, cases were women who had a blood loss ≥1500 mL or who received an intraoperative or postoperative transfusion up to 48 hours after delivery. Risk factors for severe PPH among women undergoing prelabor CD or intrapartum CD were examined in separate logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

For prelabor CD, we identified 269 cases and 550 controls. Clinical factors with the highest adjusted odds for severe PPH during prelabor CD were general anesthesia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 22.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.9–99.9; reference group = spinal anesthesia), multiple pregnancies (aOR = 8.0; 95% CI, 4.2–15.0; reference group = singleton pregnancy), and placenta previa (aOR = 6.3; 95% CI, 3.4–11.8). For intrapartum CD, we identified 278 cases and 572 controls. Clinical factors with the highest adjusted odds for severe PPH during intrapartum CD were general anesthesia (aOR = 5.4; 95% CI, 1.7–17.1), multiple pregnancies (aOR = 3.2; 95% CI, 1.7–6.3), and a predelivery hemoglobin ≤ 9.9 g/dL (aOR = 3.0; 95% CI, 1.3–6.9; reference group = predelivery hemoglobin ≥ 11 g/dL).

CONCLUSIONS:

Women who undergo prelabor CD and intrapartum CD have several shared risk factors for severe PPH (general anesthesia and multiple pregnancies). However, the risk factor profiles for severe PPH differed between these CD cohorts. Recognizing these differences may be important when planning resources and interventions for high-risk patients undergoing either prelabor or intrapartum CD.
Five Uncomfortable and Difficult Topics Relating to the Restitution of Nazi-Looted Art
Authors: Petropoulos Jonathan
Published: March 2017

Recent books and film treatments of the Allies' restitution efforts have tended toward the triumphalist. The recovery, safeguarding, and return of looted works has become a story of good overcoming evil. This article seeks to complicate that narrative. The Monuments officers worked in challenging circumstances and sometimes fell short of certain ideals. The Allies' restitution policies evolved amid difficult political realities. The role of art dealers in this complex of issues is also ripe for reassessment. And museum officials outside Germany, both before and after 1945, behaved in ways that raise ethical questions. This article argues for a more-nuanced and balanced appraisal of those involved in the response to Nazi art looting—one that counters hagiographical tendencies both in the scholarly realm and in popular culture.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and dimethylated sulphur compounds in coral explants under acute thermal stress
Authors: Gardner Stephanie G. , Raina Jean-Baptiste , Ralph Peter J. , Petrou Katherina
Published: March 2017

Coral bleaching is intensifying with global climate change. While the causes for these catastrophic events are well understood, the cellular mechanism that triggers bleaching is not well established. Our understanding of coral bleaching processes is hindered by the lack of robust methods for studying interactions between host and symbiont at the single-cell level. Here we exposed coral explants to acute thermal stress and measured oxidative stress, more specifically, reactive oxygen species (ROS), in individual symbiont cells. Furthermore, we measured concentrations of dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) to elucidate the role of these compounds in coral antioxidant function. This work demonstrates the application of coral explants for investigating coral physiology and biochemistry under thermal stress and delivers a new approach to study host-symbiont interactions at the microscale, allowing us to directly link intracellular ROS with DMSP and DMSO dynamics.
Electronic medical records in humanitarian emergencies – the development of an Ebola clinical information and patient management system
Authors: Jobanputra Kiran , Greig Jane , Shankar Ganesh , Perakslis Eric , Kremer Ronald , Achar Jay , Gayton Ivan
Published: March 2017

By November 2015, the West Africa Ebola epidemic had caused 28598 infections and 11299 deaths in the three countries most affected. The outbreak required rapid innovation and adaptation. Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) scaled up its usual 20-30 bed Ebola management centres (EMCs) to 100-300 beds with over 300 workers in some settings. This brought challenges in patient and clinical data management resulting from the difficulties of working safely with high numbers of Ebola patients. We describe a project MSF established with software developers and the Google Social Impact Team to develop context-adapted tools to address the challenges of recording Ebola clinical information. We share the outcomes and key lessons learned in innovating rapidly under pressure in difficult environmental conditions. Information on adoption, maintenance, and data quality was gathered through review of project documentation, discussions with field staff and key project stakeholders, and analysis of tablet data. In March 2015, a full prototype was deployed in Magburaka EMC, Sierra Leone. Inpatient data were captured on 204 clinical interactions with 34 patients from 5 March until 10 April 2015. Data continued to also be recorded on paper charts, creating theoretically identical record “pairs” on paper and tablet. 83 record pairs for 33 patients with 22 data items (temperature and symptoms) per pair were analysed. The overall Kappa coefficient for agreement between sources was 0.62, but reduced to 0.59 when rare bleeding symptoms were excluded, indicating moderate to good agreement. The time taken to deliver the product was more than that anticipated by MSF (7 months versus 6 weeks). Deployment of the tablet coincided with a dramatic drop in patient numbers and thus had little impact on patient care. We have identified lessons specific to humanitarian-technology collaborative projects and propose a framework for emergency humanitarian innovation. Time and effort is required to bridge differences in organisational culture between the technology and humanitarian worlds. This investment is essential for establishing a shared vision on deliverables, urgency, and ownership of product.
The referential brain: why do some neurons learn and some do not?
Authors: Bharmauria Vishal , Bachatene Lyes
Published: March 2017

Brain is phenomenally plastic and exhibits this capacity well into adulthood. Neuronal plasticity can be studied by using different adaptation protocols. Post-adaptation neurons typically show attractive and repulsive shifts even though challenged by the same adapter. Using orientation columns as a paradigm, we argue and suggest that repulsive shifts are essentially fundamental to preserve the functional organization of the cortex, and thus, maintaining the functional homeostasis of the brain.
Competition in Corruptible Markets
Authors: Singh Shubhranshu
Published: March 2017

Firms seeking business opportunities often face corruptible agents in many markets. This paper investigates the marketing strategy implications for firms competing for business, and for the buyer in a corruptible market. We consider a setting in which a buyer (a firm or government) seeks to purchase a good through a corruptible agent. Supplier firms that may or may not be a good fit compete to be selected by the agent. Only the agent observes whether a firm is a good fit. Corruption arises due to the agent’s incentive to select a nondeserving firm in exchange for bribes. Intuitively and as expected, a sufficiently large monitoring of the agent eradicates corruption. Interestingly, however, increasing the monitoring from an initial low level can backfire, making the agent more likely to select a nondeserving firm. This nonmonotonic agent behavior makes it difficult for the buyer to reduce corruption. The implication is that the buyer should choose either to be ignorant or to take drastic measures to limit corruption. Furthermore, we show that unilateral anticorruption controls, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, on a U.S. firm seeking business in a corrupt foreign market can actually increase the firm’s profits.
Rapid response systems supporting end of life care: time for a new approach
Authors: Hartin Jillian , Walker Judy
Published: March 2017

Rapid response systems have been implemented worldwide to support management of deteriorating patients outwith critical care units, and are increasingly required to support end of life care. These challenges require a new approach to supporting staff involved in do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation decisions.
Preventing facial pressure ulcers in patients under non-invasive mechanical ventilation: a randomised control trial
Authors: Otero D. Peña , Domínguez D. Vazquez , Fernández L. Hernanz , Magariño A. Santano , González V. Jimenez , Klepzing J.V. García , Montesinos J.V. Beneit
Published: March 2017

Objective:

To comparatively assess the efficacy of four different therapeutic strategies to prevent the development of facial pressure ulcers (FPUs) related to the use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) with oro-nasal masks in critically ill hospitalised patients.

Method:

This randomised control trial was performed at the high dependency unit in the University General Hospital Gregorio Marañón in Madrid, Spain. Overall, 152 patients with acute respiratory failure were recruited. All patients were hospitalised and received NIV through oro-nasal masks. The Norton tool was used to evaluate the general risk of developing pressure ulcers (PUs). Subjects were divided into four groups, each of them receiving a different treatment. Tissue assessment and preventive care were performed by a member of the research team.

Results:

The incidence of FPUs was significantly lower in the group receiving a solution of hyperoxygenated fatty acids (HOFA) when compared with each of the other therapeutic strategies: direct mask (p=0.055), adhesive thin dressing (p=0.03) and adhesive foam dressing (p<0.001).

Conclusion:

The application of HOFA on the facial skin in contact with the oro-nasal masks showed the highest efficacy in the prevention of NIV-related FPUs.
Pharmacists and Pediatric Medication Adherence: Bridging the Gap
Authors: El-Rachidi Sarah , Larochelle Joseph M. , Morgan Jill A.
Published: March 2017

Pediatric medication nonadherence is a major problem in the United States health care system. Age of the child, lack of understanding about the disease or treatment, culture, socioeconomic status, family structure, schedule of medications, and taste can all contribute to this problem. Strategies that target interventions to the individual patient and family can be most effective. Pharmacists are at the forefront of patient care and can help children become more adherent to their medications through counseling and building a trusting relationship with the family. This article highlights some common problems to adherence and some solutions to increase adherence.
Adjunct Analgesic Use for Acute Pain in the Emergency Department
Authors: Priano James , Faley Brian , Procopio Gabrielle , Hewitt Kevin , Feldman Joseph
Published: March 2017

Purpose

Multimodal analgesia is common practice in the postoperative setting, but the utility of adjunctive analgesia in the emergency department (ED) is less understood. The primary objective of this study was to analyze ED prescriber ordering habits for adjunct nonopioid pain medication for opioid-naïve patients who require intravenous (IV) morphine or hydromorphone for acute pain. Secondary objectives were to assess initial and total opioid consumption in morphine equivalent units (MEU), pain scores, and ED length of stay (LOS) between groups.

Methods

A retrospective chart review of adult patients who presented to the ED at a large academic medical center and received IV morphine or hydromorphone for acute pain was conducted. Patients were analyzed according to initial opioid received and presence or absence of adjunct nonopioid analgesics.

Results

A total of 102 patient charts were analyzed. Adjunctive nonopioid analgesics were ordered on 38% of patients. Patients who received an adjunct nonopioid analgesic received a smaller mean initial opioid dose than those who did not (4.73 vs 5.48 MEU, p = .08). Initial pain score reduction on the 11-point Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) did not differ between patients who received adjunct analgesics versus those who did not (3 vs 4, p = .75). Patients who received adjunct analgesics were associated with a decreased ED LOS (294 vs 342 minutes, p = .04).

Conclusion

A small proportion of patients with acute pain received a nonopioid analgesic in conjunction to IV opioids. Further studies are warranted to assess the impact of adjunct analgesics for patients with acute pain.
Virtual Reality and Pharmacy: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Fox Brent I. , Felkey Bill G.
Published: March 2017

We often find inspiration in tech happenings. This month, we explore the opportunities and challenges for using one of the most popular tech gifts of 2016 to advance safe and efficacious medication use.
Preventing 10-fold Dosage Errors; Controlled Substances at Bedside or Procedural Area; Genvoya-Stribild Mix-up; Should Transdermal Fentanyl be Stocked in the ED?
Authors: Cohen Michael R. , Smetzer Judy L.
Published: March 2017

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them at your inservice training programs.

Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) Medication Errors Reporting Program. Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below. Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported directly to ISMP through the ISMP Web site ( www.ismp.org ), by calling 800-FAIL-SAFE, or via e-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters' wishes as to the level of detail included in publications.
Rivaroxaban-Induced DRESS; Serotonin Syndrome Induced by Paliperidone; Piperacillin-Tazobactam–Induced Nephritis and Hepatitis; Brentuximab-Induced Hand-Foot Syndrome; Valproic Acid–Induced Hyperkalemia
Authors: Mancano Michael A.
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), discuss methods of prevention, and promote reporting of ADRs to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) MedWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting, preventable ADR to MedWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers.
Procarbazine, Lomustine, and Vincristine (PCV) Regimen for Central Nervous System Tumors
Authors: Solimando Dominic A. , Waddell J. Aubrey
Published: March 2017

The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases.
Bide partikula: eduki doxastikoa eta ebidentziala
Authors: Korta Kepa , Zubeldia Larraitz
Published: March 2017

Two kinds of meanings are usually attributed to the Basque particle bide. On the one hand, it is said to indicate the indirect nature of the speaker’s evidence for the truth of the proposition at issue. According to this view, it would be a sort of inferential particle. On the other hand, bide has been associated to the expression of a certain degree of belief or certainty on the truth of the proposition. This twofold dimension of bide parallels some features of the meaning and use of another Basque particle —omen. Their morpho-syntactic behaviour, for instance, is practically identical, and their semantics and pragmatics calls for a close comparison. Then, taking as a basis our independent conclusions about omen, we examine the similarities and differences between both particles. They both point to the indirect nature of the evidence the speaker has for the assertion. But we detect two main differences. First, bide encodes an epistemic or doxastic dimension that is not present in the semantic meaning of omen. Second, bide can be taken to be an illocutionary force indicator not contributing to the truth-conditions of the utterance, whereas omen cannot.
Shared Agency: A Planning Theory of Acting Together (Michael E. Bratman)
Authors: Díaz Zvonko
Published: March 2017

Shared agency eskala txikiko ekintza kolektiboari buruzko lana da, jar- duera sozialak ekite indibidualarekin daukan harremanaren ingurukoa.
De Gustibus. Arguing about Taste and Why We Do It (Peter Kivy)
Authors: Korta Kepa
Published: March 2017

Zergatik eztabaidatzen dugu arteaz? Zertaz ari gara Mozart Bruckner baino hobea dela diogunean? Ba al du zentzurik esateak Sarrionandia poeta hobea dela Atxaga baino? Lertxundiren nobelak hobeak direla Saizarbitoriarenak baino? Baieztapen horien aldeko nahiz kontrako arrazoiak ematen hastea alferlana al da?
La aplicación judicial de los derechos de información, consulta y control sindical
Authors: Preciado Domenech Carlos H.
Published: March 2017

La negociación colectiva de empresa o sector carece en el Reino de España de una regulación legal precisa de los derechos de información de los representantes de los trabajadores. En contraste, en los casos de negociaciones empresariales ensituaciones de crisis empresarial, el legislador es exhaustivo al regular los derechos de información y consulta. Esta situación no es coherente con la filosofía de la flexiguridad, que impondría negociaciones informadas y dotadas de contenido en situaciones de normalidad empresarial con el fin, precisamente, de evitar situaciones de crisis.En este artículo se analiza esta realidad desde una perspectiva a varios niveles: comunitario, constitucional y legal; mostrando una opinión crítica con el rigor de ladoctrina judicial, que concibe el derecho de información como un derecho de configuración legal, en lugar de flexibilizar la su interpretación para tutelar la negociación colectiva como derecho fundamental, que no puede ser efectivo sin la información previa necesaria.
La documentación pertinente en los despidos colectivos por causas económicas, técnicas, organizativas y de producción
Authors: Bodas Martín Ricardo
Published: March 2017

El despido colectivo por causas económicas, técnicas, organizativas y de producción requiere del cumplimiento de determinados requisitos para llevarlo a cabo; requisitos que limitan las potestad empresarial en este sentido. En esta ponencia se expondrán esos requisitos y los elementos probatorios que la empresa debe aportar, todo ello desde el punto de vista de la jurisprudencia más reciente al respecto.
La información contable en la negociación de los convenios colectivos de empresa
Authors: Aguilar Conde Pablo , Cantalapiedra Nieto Basilio
Published: March 2017

La negociación colectiva se sustenta en una adecuada información económica, productiva y laboral, como condición necesaria para poder llevar a efecto el deber de negociar con buena fe, y así facilitar el acuerdo colectivo.En España, el Estatuto de los Trabajadores plantea la información contable a transmitir a los representantes de los trabajadores; pero esta regulación, en nuestra opinión, es tan escasa que no puede entenderse en la actual concepción de empresa como nexo de contratos y confluencia de diferentes grupos de interés.En este contexto, el objeto de la comunicación es analizar cómo se utiliza la información contable en la negociación de los convenios colectivos de empresa en la comunidad autónoma de Castilla y León, con la pretensión de sugerir otra información económica, que de ser proporcionada a los representantes de los trabajadores, favorecería el conocimiento de la situación económica real de la empresa y consecuentemente conllevaría avances en la propia negociación. Entendemos que la información económica debe ser accesible no sólo a los representantes de los trabajadores sino a todos los trabajadores y trabajadoras de la empresa como grupos de interés internos clave de la empresa.
Screen media and academic performance in the seventh graders
Authors: Rezeki Ratu Meulya , Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko , Latief Abdul
Published: March 2017

Background Excessive screen media exposures have manynegative impacts on children, including academic performance.Studies on the impacts of screen media on academic performancehave been limited, especially in Indonesia.Objective To assess screen media use and academic performanceof7th graders in a junior high school, and to evaluate other factorspotentially affecting student academic performance.Methods This was a cross-sectional study using surveys,questionnaires, and 12-day logbooks, conducted from May toJuly 2012. Students were 129 students in the 7,h grade of JuniorHigh Sch ool 115 in Jakarta and selected by consecutive sampling.Chi square test and multivariate analyses with logistic regressioncalculations were used for statistical analysis.Results The prevalences of students using screen media for > 2hours per day were 39.5% on weekdays and 64.3% on weekends.The prevalence of students using screen media that was notappropriate for their age was 69% on weekdays and 63.6% onweekends. Screen media content on weekdays and weekendshad no impact on academic performance (OR 0.56; 95%CI 0.26to 1.20; P=0.136 and OR 0.97; 95%CI 0.47 to 1.00; P=0.934,respectively) . In addition, the duration of screen media useon weekdays and weekends had no association with academicperformance (OR 0.60; 95%CI 0.30 to 1.23; P=0.161 andOR 0.90; 95%CI 0.44 to 1.86; P=0.782, respectively). Factorssignificantly associated with students' above average academicperformance were female gender (OR 3 .26; 95%CI 1.38 to7.74; P=0.007), superior intelligence quotient (IQ) comparedto average IQ (OR 4.63; 95%CI 1.66 to 12.9; P=0.003), highlysuperior IQ compared to average IQ (OR 5.45; 95%CI 1.51 to19.64; P=0.009), as well as achievement motivation and existenceof learning strategy, including intermediate vs. low motivation(OR 4.09; 95%CI 1.14 to 14.7 ; P=0.031), and high vs . lowmotivation (OR61.1; 95%CI 7.42 to 502.95; P<0.001); lack ofemotional and behavioral problems (OR 0.45; 95%CI 0.37-0.54;P= 0.01); and democratic parenting style (OR 0.45; 95%CI 0.37to 0.55; P=0.022).Conclusion There is no association between screen media useand academic performance in junior high school students. Factorssignificantly associated with above average academic performanceare female gender, superior and very superior IQ score, middleand high achievement motivation and learning strategy, lack ofemotional and behavioral problems, and democratic parentingstyle.
Serial blood lactate levels as a prognostic factor for sepsis mortality
Authors: Patriawati Keswari Aji , Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih , Suryantoro Purnomo
Published: March 2017

Background Sepsis is a major health problem in children and aleading cause of death. In recent decades, lactate has been studiedas a biomarker for sepsis, and as an indicator of global tissuehypoxia, increased glycolysis, endotoxin effect, and anaerobicmetabolism. Many studies h ave shown both high levels andincreased serial blood lactate level measurements to be associatedwith increased risk of sepsis mortality.Objective To evaluate serial blood lactate levels as a prognosticfactor for sepsis mortality.Methods We performed an observational, prospective study in thePediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at DR. Sardjito Hospital,Yogyakarta from July to November 2012. We collected serialblood lactate specimens of children with sepsis, first at the time ofadmission, followed by 6 and 24 hours later. The outcome measurewas mortality at the end ofintensive care. Relative risks and 95%confidence intervals of the factors associated with mortality werecalculated using univariate and multivariate analyses.Results Sepsis was found in 91 (50.3%) patients admitted tothe PIW , of whom 75 were included in this study. Five patients(6. 7%) died before the 24-hour lactate collection and 39 patients(52.0%) died during the study. Blood lactate levels of ~ 4mmol;Lat the first and 24-hour specimens were associated with mortality(RR 2.9; 95%CI 1.09 to 7 .66 and RR 4.92; 95%CI 1.77 to 13.65,respectively). Lactate clearance of less than 10% at 24 hours(adjusted RR 5.3; 95% CI 1.1 to 24.5) had a significantly greaterrisk fo llowed by septic shock (adjusted RR 1.54; 95%CI 1.36 to6.4 7) due to mortality.Conclusion In children with sepsis there is a greater risk of mortalityin those with increasing or persistently high serial blood lactatelevels, as shown by less than 10% lactate clearance at 24-hours afterPIW admission.
Nitrogen doses on soybean growth and Asian rust progress in two cultivars
Authors: De Ramos Juliano Perlin , Andriolo Jerônimo Luiz , Balardin Ricardo Silveiro , Marques Leandro Nascimento , Serafini Pablo Tuzi , Stefanelo Marlon Tagliapietra
Published: March 2017

The main goal of this study was to analyze the range of effects of nitrogen doses on Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow) progress over two soybean (Glycine max Merril) cultivars. Two experiments were carried out in greenhouse and in the field, during the 2011/12 and 2012/13 crop years. In the greenhouse, plants were grown in sand in 2011/12 and in a mix of sand and soil in 2012/2013, and supplied with five N doses by dripping fertigation. In the field, the crop was fertilized with six nitrogen doses with broadcast applications. The pathogen was inoculated in all experiments. It was assessed the Area Under Rust Progress Curve (AURPC), defoliation, dry matter, total concentration of N in leaves, number of grains per plant, thousand grain weight and yield. In the greenhouse experiment, nitrogen rates increased the plant growth and the disease progress during the first year. In 2011/12 field assay, a slight decrease of rust progress and a slight increase in yield from 160 to 242 kg ha-1 were recorded. However, under favorable environmental conditions for Asian soybean rust, the increases in grain yield obtained by using high N rates on both cultivars were minor than the damage caused by the disease.
Farms expectations concerning individual projects in mountain areas of Tlemcen province (Algeria)
Authors: Hattab Mourad , Gaouar Abdelaziz
Published: March 2017

The present work aims to analyze the expectations of farms concerning the Proximity Projects of Integrated Rural Development (PPDRI) which could be implemented by the Algerian government in rural areas in general, and in mountainous areas in particular. For that, 122 farms have been surveyed in three mountainous regions (Ain Fezza, El Gor and Sidi Djilali) belonging to the mountains of Tlemcen which are north-west of Algeria. The results obtained showed that expectations of farms, in terms of individual projects desired to be made, differ from one region to another. Moreover, the heads of surveyed farms retain a remarkable awareness vis-à-vis agricultural projects that are better suited to the potential of their mountainous areas. In addition, the development of certain high-value agricultural activities which appear despised by many farms and can contribute in a significant way to improve their income sources, requires from the start a considerable improvement of technical assistance proves insufficient in these disadvantaged areas. Finally, public authorities should know good value the projects formulated by farms, and readjust its funding according to the particularities of these areas which are poor and characterised by difficult natural constraints.
Clinical anatomy and features non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery. Case report
Authors: Galushko Dmitri A. , Asmaryan Hayk G. , Pasko Maksim A.
Published: March 2017

В последние десятилетия отмечается значительный успех в хирургии щитовидной железы, однако частота развития пареза гортани вследствие повреждения возвратного гортанного нерва остается высокой. Детальное изучение разных вариантов топики нерва – одно из направлений, дающих возможность снизить его травматизацию. Невозвратный нижний гортанный нерв является редкой анатомической особенностью, которая выявляется при операциях на щитовидной железе в 0,3–1% случаев. Несмотря на такую редкую встречаемость, к сожалению, атипичное расположение невозвратного гортанного нерва создает предпосылки для его ятрогенного повреждения. В статье проведен анализ литературы, описаны причины возникновения, связь с аномалией магистральных сосудов и клиническое значение. Описаны два случая выявления невозвратного нижнего гортанного нерва в хирургической клинике ФГБУ РНЦРР МЗ РФ.
Thyrotropin-producing adenoma. Report of two clinical cases
Authors: Karapetyan Ani R. , Gormolysova Ekaterina V. , Galushko Eugeniy V.
Published: March 2017

Диагностика тиреотоксикоза в настоящее время не представляет серьезных трудностей. Распространение методов визуализации с каждым годом увеличивает выявляемость аденом гипофиза. Тиреотропинома – редкая причина тиреотоксикоза.Ранняя диагностика ТТГ-секретирующей аденомы предупредит ошибки в лечебной тактике, приводящие к необоснованному хирургическому вмешательству на щитовидной железе, и позволит повысить качество жизни пациентов. В статье приведены два клинических случая ТТГ-секретирующих аденом гипофиза у пациенток с различной  длительностью заболевания и, соответственно, размерами аденом, наличием осложнений тиреотоксикоза. Обе пациентки были оперированы в Федеральном Центре Нейрохирургии г. Новосибирска из трансназального транссфеноидального доступа. В послеоперационном периоде достигнут стойкий эутиреоз в обоих случаях. У пациентки с многолетним анамнезом заболевания, большими размерами аденомы в послеоперационном периоде развился вторичный гипокортицизм, а качество ее жизни значительно ниже, учитывая сопутствующую патологию. Период дальнейшего наблюдения этих случаев составил 3 года и год соответственно.
Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy in 16 years girl with insulinoma
Authors: Sokolov Yury Y. , Melikyan Mariya A. , Karpachev Sergey A. , Druzhinin Vladimir R. , Tashirova Ekaterina A. , Brovin Dmitry N. , Danilenko Oleg S.
Published: March 2017

We present a clinical case of insulinoma in 16 years-old girl. The patient complained about episodes of loss of consciousness, followed by retrograde amnesia and accompanied by weakness and dizziness. The patient was transferred to the Department of Endocrinology, where hypoglycemia was detected (2.0-2.5 mmol/l). Topical diagnosis of insulinoma was evidentiated with the help of radiological methods - multislice CT and contrast-enhanced MRI, which revealed an oval tumor 12x10 mm. The molecular genetic analysis of MEN1 gene was performed – no mutations were revealed. Prescribed Proglikem (diazoxide) therapy (100 mg / day) on pre-operative period was effective, patient`s glycemia values stabilized. Further the laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with tumor removal was performed. After the surgery we achieved stable euglycemia. On microscopic and immunohistochemical studies pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor G1 was confirmed. The discussion presents data on the epidemiology, diagnosis and surgical treatment of insulinomas in children and adults.
TI-RADS: to be or not to be. Polemic notes from the Eurasian Forum on thyroid cancer
Authors: Borsukov Alexey V.
Published: March 2017

Experts discussing about problems of ultrasound diagnostics of thyroid cancer in the format of TI-RADS and cytological Bethesda classification results at the Eurasian Forum of thyroid cancer are presented.