bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversification of Rice-Based Cropping System for Improving System Productivity and Soil Health in Eastern Gangetic Plains of India
Authors: Upadhaya Bharati , Kishor Kaushal , Kumar Vipin , Kumar Navnit , Kumar Sanjay , Yadav Vinod Kumar , Kumar Randhir , Gaber Ahmed , Laing Alison M. , Brestic Marian , Hossain Akbar
Published: October 2022

Mono-cropping in the farming system decline in farm profit, climate change, and food insecurity are some of the major concerns that lead to unsustainability in the agricultural production system in the Eastern Gangetic Plains. A study was conducted for three years from June 2019 to June 2022 at Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, India, to assess the profitable and best rice-based cropping system through crop diversification for sustainable agriculture. Ten different cropping sequences were exploited using randomised block design and replicated thrice, with the system productivity ranging from 8.70 to 24.95 t ha−1 under the different cropping sequences. The system productivity was increased by 187% and profitability by 299.52% in the maize − Cole crops − sesame cropping system over the rice − wheat cropping system. A diversified cropping system with black gram − maize + vegetable pea − sesbania possessed significantly more soil organic carbon (0.49%), bacterial population (47.85 × 106 cfu/g soil), azotobacter population (42.96 × 104 cfu/g soil), phosphate solubilising bacteria (20.72 × 106 cfu/g soil), dehydrogenase activity (4.39 µg TPF/g/h), fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity (17.28 µg fluorescein/g/h) and acid phosphatase activity (451.46 µg pNP/g/h), as well as urease activity (47.21 µg NH4+/g/h), relative to the rice–wheat cropping system. Therefore, the adoption of vegetables and legumes as diversified crops are viable options for enhancing productivity, profitability and soil health in the EGPs.
Phytosterol and Polyphenol Contents and Quinoa Leave Yields Variation in Relationships to Variety, Density and Harvesting Date
Authors: Stoleru Vasile , Vitanescu Maricel , Teliban Gabriel-Ciprian , Cojocaru Alexandru , Vlase Laurian , Gheldiu Ana-Maria , Mangalagiu Ionel , Amăriucăi-Mantu Dorina , Burducea Marian , Zheljazkov Valtcho , Rusu Oana-Raluca
Published: October 2022

Quinoa is an Andean grain known for its gluten-free grains, which are used as a functional food. The aim of this research was to study the possibility of introducing quinoa as a vegetable crop grown for young leaves as a source of polyphenols and phytosterols. To achieve this goal, a field experiment was performed with three quinoa cultivars (Titicaca, Puno, and Vikinga) grown in a split plot design. The experimental factors included three densities (160, 320, and 760 plants·m−2) and two harvest dates (52 and 62 days after sowing (DAS)). The content of phytosterols (ergosterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and campesterol) and polyphenols (ferulic acid, isoquercitrin and rutozid) in quinoa leaves were determined by HPLC method. The phytosterol content varied within the limits: ergosterol 0–7.62 µg·100 g−1 dw, stigmasterol 79.9–175.3 µg·100 g−1 dw, β-sitosterol 425.7–623.1 µg·100 g−1 dw and campesterol 0–5.25 µg·100 g−1 dw. Ferulic acid varied greatly from 38.0 to 63.3 µg·g−1 dw, isoquercitrin ranged from 63 to 101.6 µg·g−1 dw and rutozid varied widely from 32.9 to 162.8 µg·g−1 dw. The total phytosterols and the total phenolic compounds decreased with decreasing plant number density and DAS. This research demonstrated that young quinoa leaves are a good source of phytosterols and phenolics for human consumption.
Study of a QueryPNet Model for Accurate Detection and Segmentation of Goose Body Edge Contours
Authors: Li Jiao , Su Houcheng , Zheng Xingze , Liu Yixin , Zhou Ruoran , Xu Linghui , Liu Qinli , Liu Daixian , Wang Zhiling , Duan Xuliang
Published: October 2022

With the rapid development of computer vision, the application of computer vision to precision farming in animal husbandry is currently a hot research topic. Due to the scale of goose breeding continuing to expand, there are higher requirements for the efficiency of goose farming. To achieve precision animal husbandry and to avoid human influence on breeding, real-time automated monitoring methods have been used in this area. To be specific, on the basis of instance segmentation, the activities of individual geese are accurately detected, counted, and analyzed, which is effective for achieving traceability of the condition of the flock and reducing breeding costs. We trained QueryPNet, an advanced model, which could effectively perform segmentation and extraction of geese flock. Meanwhile, we proposed a novel neck module that improved the feature pyramid structure, making feature fusion more effective for both target detection and instance individual segmentation. At the same time, the number of model parameters was reduced by a rational design. This solution was tested on 639 datasets collected and labeled on specially created free-range goose farms. With the occlusion of vegetation and litters, the accuracies of the target detection and instance segmentation reached 0.963 (mAP@0.5) and 0.963 (mAP@0.5), respectively.
High-Velocity Metal Fragment: Motion Characteristic and Optimization Design
Authors: Hu Jie , Chen Hua , Yu Yonggang , Xue Xiaochun , Fu Yu
Published: October 2022

This present work suggests a charge technique to produce a super high-velocity fragment (≥2350 m/s) using a 30 mm launching system. The steel cylindrical fragments with Brinell hardness HB ≤ 270 are designed according to STANAG 4496 in the experiment, and a test system including interval speed measuring device, pressure measurement and high-speed camera is employed to obtain the information on the velocity, pressure and muzzle field of the fragment. The flame characteristics presents an increasing area, and the fragment escapes the control of the muzzle field when the high-velocity fragment is flying out of the muzzle. Moreover, the projectile sabot can timely be separated from the fragment in the range of the first interval velocity measuring device. Based on this, the mathematic models on the interior ballistic process of the fragment movement are established to analyze the effects of various charge structures on the motion characteristic of the fragment. Comparisons of fragment velocity and chamber pressure of computational results are performed with experimental studies. A reasonable match has been obtained in these comparisons. Further, a discussion on the choice of charge parameters is performed by the optimization design for this super high-velocity fragment.
Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships in Use with LMI and Overriding Trajectory Controller
Authors: Rybczak Monika , Gierusz Witold
Published: October 2022

Concepts in maritime issues such as Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) have been known for several years. At present, it is difficult to define clear rules for the cooperation of multiple systems for autonomous control, i.e., unmanned operation, which is written in the MASS requirements for the various degrees of control (four degrees). The paper proposes a multidimensional control of a ship on a certain determined trajectory, where a model of a training ship sails autonomously in restricted waters in a port. The control algorithm is based on the synthesis of a Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) controller and an overriding trajectory controller. The automation is divided into two parts. The master trajectory controller converts the ship’s position and course into small velocities, which, with the help of the LMI controller through an allocation system, control the operation of the ship’s propellers. The setpoints are specific twelve trajectory points given in the form of x, y coordinates and the ship’s course. The tests were carried out under real conditions and showed a silhouette of the ship performing the maneuver and a reading of the individual speeds, wind parameters and GPS mode. The solution presented is used to address MASS 3 level control.
Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antibiofilm Properties and Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Manuka Honey: A Nature’s Bioactive Honey
Authors: Bazaid Abdulrahman S. , Alamri Abdulwahab , Almashjary Majed N. , Qanash Husam , Almishaal Ali A. , Amin Junaid , Binsaleh Naif K. , Kraiem Jamil , Aldarhami Abdu , Alafnan Ahmed
Published: October 2022

Honey has a history of medical use and is known as bio-alternative therapy. This research assessed the phytochemical and biological activity of the medical grade manuka honey (MH). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was chosen to investigate bioactive compounds of the MH. The DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging and beta-carotene antioxidant activities as well as the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects against S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli and P. aeruginosa were all determined. Furthermore, to gauge anticancer properties of MH, a MTT assay was opted towards three cell lines, including HCT-116 (colon), A549 (lung) and MCF-7 (breast) cancer cells. The GC–MS analysis of the tested MH revealed the identification of various chemical constituents belonging to the fatty acids, phenols, and esters. The MH was found to have higher reducing power activity (DPPH IC50: 7.36; ABTS IC50: 4.49 mg/mL) than the beta-carotene bleaching power (IC50: 37.51 mg/mL). Similarly, the MH was noted to be more active against the planktonic and biofilm of Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, a dose-dependent anticancer potential was observed, although a significant anticancer potential was pointed out against the MCF-7 and A549 cell conforming to the IC50 values of 9.05 and 9.37 mg/mL, respectively. This study’s results have highlighted the MH’s chemical composition with significant bioactivities.
Singing-Voice Timbre Evaluations Based on Transfer Learning
Authors: Li Rongfeng , Zhang Mingtong
Published: October 2022

The development of artificial intelligence technology has made it possible to realize automatic evaluation systems for singing, and relevant research has been able to achieve accurate evaluations with respect to pitch and rhythm, but research on singing-voice timbre evaluation has remained at the level of theoretical analysis. Timbre is closely related to expression performance, breath control, emotional rendering, and other aspects of singing skills, and it has a crucial impact on the evaluation of song interpretation. The purpose of this research is to investigate the automatic evaluation method of singing-voice timbre. At the present stage, timbre research generally has problems such as a paucity of datasets, a single evaluation index, easy overfitting or a model’s failure to converge. Compared with the singing voice, the research on musical instruments is more mature, with more available data and richer evaluation dimensions. We constructed a deep network based on the CRNN model to perform timbre evaluation, and the test results showed that cross-media learning of timbre evaluation is feasible, which also indicates that humans have a consistent timbre perception with respect to musical instruments and vocals.
Electron Transport in n-Type InSe van der Waals Crystals with Co Impurities
Authors: Kudrynskyi Zakhar R. , Mintyanskii Illya V. , Savitskii Petro I. , Kovalyuk Zakhar D.
Published: October 2022

Intercalation and doping are promising routes to tune properties of van der Waals (vdW) semiconductors and pave the way for their applications in digital electronics beyond Moore’s law, sensors and spintronics. The indium selenide (InSe) vdW crystal shows great promise for use in next-generation semiconductor technologies. For these applications to be realized, the effects of impurities on properties of InSe must be understood. Here, we present a comparative experimental study of electron transport in n-type InSe semiconductor doped and electrochemically intercalated with magnetic cobalt (Co) impurities. It is shown that the presence of Co decreases the free electron density, the Hall mobility along layers and the conductivity anisotropy σ⊥C/σ‖C. Furthermore, this leads to a change of the behavior of σ⊥C(T) dependence from a metallic one in pristine samples to a semiconducting one in samples with Co. We also demonstrate that the interaction of electrons with space-charge regions is an effective scattering mechanism, which should be taken into account in doped and intercalated crystals. The present work is important for the basic physics knowledge of the effect of Co impurities on physical properties of InSe, which is needed to tailor the parameters of this semiconductor for applications in electronics and spintronics.
Chemical Characterization of Selected Algae and Cyanobacteria from Bulgaria as Sources of Compounds with Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Gentscheva Galia , Milkova-Tomova Iliana , Pehlivanov Ivaylo , Gugleva Viliana , Nikolova Krastena , Petkova Nadezhda , Andonova Velichka , Buhalova Dragomira , Pisanova Ekaterina
Published: October 2022

The current research focused on algae from the waters of the Black Sea—Chaetomorpha linum, Ulva intestinalis, Ericaria crinita, and bioreactors—Chlorella spp. and Arthrospira platensis/cyanobacterium/. Pigment content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity were investigated for their use as pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic ingredients. E. crinita exhibited the highest antioxidant activity by ORAC and HORAC (463.3 µmol TE/g and 463.3 µmol GAE/g) and the highest total content of polyphenols and rutin of the investigated algae. Lower protein content was found in saltwater algae than in freshwater algae. For the first time, biologically active substances from the Bulgarian A. platensis and Chlorella spp., produced in a bioreactor, have been quantitatively identified. A. platensis contained rutin (141.25 mg/100 g), naringenin (42.17 mg/100 g), quercetin (26.74 mg/100 g), kaempferol, and quercetin-3-β-glycoside. Phenolic acids were isolated: neochlorogenic (172.27 mg/100 g) for lyophilized and 5783 mg/100 g for convection-dried A. platensis. It has been found that the protein content in A. platensis (convection dried) and Chlorella spp. (lyophilized) was nearly 54% higher than that of green algae U. intestinalis from Varna. The lyophilization process reduced the protein content of A. platensis samples by almost 20%. The high protein content of convection-dried A. platensis (43.4%) and lyophilized Chlorella spp. (43.7%) identified them as suitable emulsifiers in colloidal and emulsion systems.
Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Properties of Edible Flowers
Authors: Kandylis Panagiotis
Published: October 2022

Nowadays there is a growing interest among consumers for functional food products, and edible flowers could be a solution to fulfill this demand. Edible flowers have been used throughout the centuries for their pharmaceutical properties, but also in some areas for culinary purposes. There is a great variety of edible flowers, and numerous studies are available regarding their chemical composition and potential antioxidant and functional characteristics. Therefore, the present work focuses on gathering a vast amount of data regarding edible flowers. Phytochemical content, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, etc.) of more than 200 edible flowers are presented. The main phytochemicals belong to the groups of phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids and tocols, while great variability is reported in their content. The present study could be a useful tool to select the edible flowers that can be served as sources of specific phytochemicals with increased antioxidant activity and evaluate them for their safety and potential application in food industry, during processing and storage.
Effectiveness of preconception interventions in primary care: a systematic review
Authors: Withanage Nishadi N , Botfield Jessica R , Srinivasan Sonia , Black Kirsten I , Mazza Danielle
Published: October 2022

Background

Primary care-based preconception care (PCC) has the potential to improve pregnancy outcomes, but the effectiveness is unclear.

Aim

To evaluate the effectiveness of primary care-based PCC delivered to reproductive-aged females and/or males to improve health knowledge, reduce preconception risk factors, and improve pregnancy outcomes.

Design and setting

A systematic review of primary care-based PCC.

Method

Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between July 1999 and May 2021. Two reviewers independently evaluated article eligibility and quality.

Results

Twenty-eight articles reporting on 22 RCTs were included. All but one focused on females. Interventions included brief education (single session) (n= 8), intensive education (multiple sessions) (n= 9), supplementary medication (n= 7), and dietary modification (n= 4). Brief education improved health knowledge in females (n= 3) and males (n= 1), reduced alcohol/tobacco consumption (n= 2), and increased folate intake (n= 3). Intensive education reduced spontaneous pregnancy loss (n= 1), alcohol-exposed pregnancies (n= 2), and increased physical activity (n= 2). Supplementary medication increased folate intake (n= 4) and dietary modification reduced pre-eclampsia (n= 1) and increased birth weight (n= 1). Only nine articles reported on pregnancy outcomes, with a range of interventions used; of these, four reported improvements in pregnancy outcomes. Most RCTs were of low quality (n= 12).

Conclusion

Primary care-based PCC including brief and intensive education, supplementary medication, and dietary modification are effective in improving health knowledge and reducing preconception risk factors in females, although there is limited evidence for males. Further research is required to determine whether primary care-based PCC can improve pregnancy outcomes.
Cancer history as a predictor in cardiovascular risk scores: a primary care cohort study
Authors: Strongman Helen , Herrett Emily , Jackson Rod , Sweeting Michael , Lyon Alexander R , Stanway Susannah , Lawson Claire , Kadam Umesh , Smeeth Liam , Bhaskaran Krishnan
Published: October 2022

Background

Cardiovascular risks are raised in cancer survivors but cancer history is not included in cardiovascular risk scores that inform preventive decisions.

Aim

To assess whether cancer diagnosis should be included in cardiovascular risk scores.

Design and setting

Cohort study using data from English general practices linked to hospital, cancer registration, and death registration data from 1990 to 2015.

Method

Adults alive 1 year after a first cancer diagnosis and age, sex, general practice, and calendar- time matched cancer-free individuals were included. Individuals with <2 years of follow-up before index, recent statin prescriptions, or pre-existing coronary heart or cerebrovascular disease were excluded. Cox proportional hazard models used to develop QRISK3 scores were replicated with added cancer history variables. Whether independent hazard ratios for these variables met thresholds for inclusion in QRISK3 (>10% relative difference withP<0.01) was assessed.

Results

In total, 81 420 cancer survivors and 413 547 cancer-free individuals were followed for a median 5.2 years (interquartile range [IQR] 2.8– 9.1) and 6.3 years (IQR 3.5–10.2), respectively. Including a 1-year cancer survivorship variable in a QRISK3-based model met the threshold for inclusion for males (independent hazard ratio [iHR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11 to 1.20,P<0.001) but not females (iHR 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.14,P= 0.02). When including cancer type, the threshold was met for both sexes with history of haematological cancer (males: iHR 1.27, 95% CI = 1.16 to 1.40,P<0.001; females: iHR 1.59, 95% CI = 1.32 to 1.91,P<0.001) and for males but not females with history of solid cancers (males: iHR 1.13, 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.18,P<0.001; females: iHR 1.04, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.10,P= 0.19).

Conclusion

Developers should consider including cancer history variables in future cardiovascular risk models.
Tinkercad como herramienta estratégica en el proceso de aprendizaje significativo
Authors: Chiluisa-Chiluisa Marco Antonio , Lucio Ramos Yajayra Jacqueline , Velásquez Campo Fausto Rene
Published: October 2022

En la actualidad no es posible realizar las prácticas en forma presencial con las herramientas, elementos e instrumentos de un laboratorio electrónico, esto conlleva a la búsqueda de una herramienta que permita desde la virtualidad tener una aproximación a las prácticas que se realizaban en las aulas talleres. El objetivo de este estudio es utilizar Tinkercad como herramienta estratégica para la construcción de aprendizajes significativos en la Carrera de Informática de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. se realizó un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cuali-cuantitativo, el mismo que se aplicó con un cuestionario a 50 estudiantes. Los resultados de esta investigación evidencian un alto porcentaje en la falta de conocimiento, uso y aplicación de Tinkercad en el proceso de aprendizaje significativo. Finalmente, se demostró que es un simulador para optimizar la comprensión del funcionamiento de los circuitos electrónicos a través del aprendizaje por descubrimiento, elevando el nivel cognitivo, adquiriendo destrezas y habilidades en los estudiantes de manera eficiente, efectiva y tendiendo a la excelencia.
Ontological model of the cybernetic organizational system architecture
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kovalenko O.Ye.
Published: October 2022

Targeted activity in all spheres of modern society is carried out within the framework of organ-izational systems of various types and for various purposes using situational management methods. Cybernetic organizational systems are represented as ordered sets of interacting com-ponents (artifacts, system components), united by the performance of a specified function based on information exchange. The ontological approach to the design of any class of complex sys-tems makes it possible to carry out a clear and hierarchical decomposition of the design pro-cesses of any system of a given purpose into certain design actions, many of which can be per-formed concurrently and each of which – in the context of a local component system. The mod-el of the subject area of knowledge is determined by the architectural model of the cybernetic organizational system and its context of interaction with the environment. The architecture of the cybernetic organizational system ensures the implementation of the process of situational management as a composition of motivations, knowledge, opportunities, resources, and limita-tions. The idea of a target cybernetic organizational system is presented in the form of a list of needs and models on the basis of the analysis of which requirements are formalized in accord-ance with needs. The construction of the architecture of the cybernetic organizational system is specified by the formalized system requirements from the knowledge base of the cybernetic or-ganizational system and confirmed by the results of the analysis based on system models and test operational tasks. Relationships between artifacts form an architectural model of the system which combines activity regulations, activity structure, activity directions, technological stand-ards, structures, and solutions. The proposed ontological model of knowledge of the architecture of the cybernetic organizational system combines technological, organizational and project concepts.
Determination of the parameters for the calculation of dry and wet deposition of chemicals in the Povitrya system
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bespalov V.P. , Khalchenkov O.V. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the Ukraine National Academy of Science, Kovalets I.V. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: October 2022

The previously developed system Povitrya allows the calculation of the atmospheric distribu-tion of 36 chemicals using the CALPUFF atmospheric dispersion model. In this paper, after the literature review and according to the requirements of the CALPUFF model, the values of the parameters for the calculation of dry and wet depositions of pollutants in the Povitrya system have been defined. Based on the analysis of the model parameters, the parameters that depend on the type of substance have been identified. For pollutants that spread in the form of aerosols, only one parameter – the scavenging coefficient included in the formula for the calculation of wet deposition – depends on the type of substance. Other deposition parameters for aerosols are a function of the characteristics of the particle size distribution, so they are not considered in this paper. The scavenging coefficient is specified for all types of chemicals – aerosols and gas-es modeled by the Povitrya system depending on the solubility of the substance (for gases) or miscibility (for aerosols). For gases, several other parameters in deposition calculation formu-las also depend on the type of substance, namely: molecular diffusivity, solubility enhancement factor, reactivity, mesophyll resistance, and Henry’s law. The values of the corresponding pa-rameters are set for 17 types of gaseous pollutants. To determine Henry’s law constant, there have been established correspondences between the definitions of this parameter in the litera-ture and the CALPUFF model. For mesophyll resistance, an interpolation formula is proposed to calculate this parameter as a function of solubility. The least data was found for reactivity and solubility enhancement coefficient. Therefore, with some exceptions, the values of the rele-vant parameters are set the same for all substances. A more detailed definition of these parame-ters requires a separate study.
Mathematical modeling of temperature fields of spacecraft antenna reflectors with a new inte-gral transformation
Authors:   National Technical University ", Berdnyk M.H. ,   Dnipro Polytechnic"
Published: October 2022

Prediction of the mechanical properties of the reflector, and above all, the deviation of the highly accurate shape of the reflecting surface (RSS) from the given one is the main goal of designing spacecraft antennas. Distortion of the RSS is determined by the stress-deformed state of the elements of the reflector structures under the conditions of orbital operation. At the same time, the main factor determining the distortion of reflectors with RSS in open space is temperature deformation due to the uneven distribution of solar heat fluxes among structural elements. Therefore, the development of methods and models for calculating temperature fields in reflectors during heat flows on the surface is relevant. In the article, for the first time, a new finite integral transformation for the Laplace equation in a cylindrical coordinate system is constructed for a region bounded by several closed piecewise smooth contours. The inverse transformation formula is given. In the article, for the first time, a mathematical model for the calculation of temperature fields in a paraboloid rotating with a constant angular velocity is constructed, taking into account the finite speed of heat propagation in the form of a boundary value problem of mathematical physics for the hyperbolic equation of heat conduction with Dirichlet boundary conditions. With the help of the developed integral transformation, the temperature fields in the paraboloid were found in the form of convergent series according to the Fourier functions. The found solution to the generalized boundary value problem of the heat transfer of the paraboloid of rotation can find application in modulating the temperature fields that arise in the antenna reflectors of space vehicles. The developed integral transformation makes it possible to obtain solutions to complex boundary value problems of mathematical physics.
Estimation of the residual resource of vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and oil products
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Mukha Ar.A. , Fedukhin O.V. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: October 2022

The article considers the solution to a number of problems related to the determination of the residual life of steel cylindrical tanks. In the study of negative factors, the main attention is paid to the consideration of corrosion damage that occurs during operation. As a determining parameter of corrosion wear, it is proposed to use the residual thickness of the wall, bottom and roof of structures. The article assumes that forecasting the residual resource includes determin-ing its minimum estimate through calculations. Also, the admissible degree of demolition of investigated designs is established in the work. To do this, a concept of the limit state is established, which is based on the critical reduction of the thickness of the structural elements on a given part of the surface area to the limit value, below which the required margin of the bearing setpoint is not provided. On the basis of the experimental data in the given example the residual and total service life of steel cylindrical tanks is established. The obtained results are commensurate with the allowable standards and service life specified in the regulations. The article establishes the criteria for estimating the residual life of steel cylindrical tanks due to the use of which it is possible to reduce operating costs by increasing the repair intervals. This effect is achieved through the use of the probabilistic-physical approach to assess the objective technical condition and predict the residual life of these structures in the absence of significant failure statistics. Within the framework of the proposed probabilistic-physical approach to estimating durability, a probabilistic model based on the DM-distribution of failures is proposed. The parameters of such a model are based on physical interpretation, and the main parameters are the average rate of change of the determining parameter and the coefficient of variation of the generalized degradation process.
Organization of risk management in a commercial bank based on a fuzzy cognitive map
Authors:   Institute of Control Systems of Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, Aghajanov J.H.
Published: October 2022

Any commercial bank tries to determine the degree of acceptable risks of material and/or repu-tational losses, believing that its potential losses are inversely proportional to the volume of its capital. Therefore, the basis of successful banking is the presence of a Risk Management Sys-tem in the commercial bank structure, the main task of which is to determine the best (or ra-tional) strategy for concluding contracts and ensuring maximum profit growth. Within the Risk Management System, there are used statistical analysis tools allowing evaluating and compar-ing the consequences and expediency of certain transactions by establishing a quantitative measure of banking risk from any transaction. Moreover, these tools make it possible to formal-ize various transactions and, thereby, ensure the accumulation of commercial bank experience. To form heuristic knowledge from the history of the conclusion of various contracts, it is neces-sary to use and accumulate expert opinions, and, as a result, fuzzy methods of analysis and deci-sion-making regarding banking transactions on each localization point. The paper considers a fuzzy cognitive map for assessing internal and external banking risks. This approach involves the use of a fuzzy cognitive model, based on which cause-effect relationships for assessing banking risks at all levels of the hierarchy of their detailing are described using the Fuzzy Infer-ence Systems. Qualitative evaluation criteria for the areas of localization of banking operations and external influences are used as input and output characteristics. For the formal description of these weakly structured characteristics, there are used appropriate fuzzy sets which are re-stored on the corresponding universes by corresponding membership functions. At the same time, the method of point estimation of fuzzy sets is applied for the defuzzification of fuzzy conclusions relative to the risk levels on all nodes of the localization of banking operations.
Development of an individual profile of enterprise protection
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics, Samoilenko H.T. , Yurchenko Yu.Yu. ,   State University of Trade and Economics
Published: October 2022

The article considers the existing models of information security, which are the basis for the development of an individual protection profile, and determines the features of their applica-tion. Ensuring information security at the enterprise is to develop a comprehensive system for protecting information and controlling the sources of potential threats, the need to protect in-formation in accordance with existing standards for the security of information technology. Preparation and development of normative documentation of individual protection profile are necessary components in accordance with the type of activity and needs of the enterprise. The article substantiates the need to develop and further apply the company’s protection profile in accordance with modern standards in the field of information security. The number of profiles may not be limited, they are developed for various applications. The task of implementing the company's security policy includes the development of one or more security profiles. The secu-rity profile is the basis for creating a security task that can be considered as a technical project. The article considers the components of the concept of security and defines the connections and interactions between them. Identified requirements, risks (i.e. events or situations that indicate the possibility of harm), assets and measures affecting the vulnerability of the security profile. Safety trust requirements include technology development, testing, vulnerability analysis, sup-ply, maintenance, operational documentation, etc. Actions that pose potential threats to the se-curity of conditional ingestion have been identified. The article proposes the main components for building an individual profile of protection of a conventional enterprise, indicates the links between them. A description of the types of requirements in accordance with the hierarchy «class – family – component – element» was executed. The main classes of functional require-ments for individual protection profile are defined.
CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Proteins in Fibrosis: Complex Roles Beyond Conventional Understanding
Authors: Wang Lexun , Feng Jiaojiao , Deng Yanyue , Yang Qianqian , Wei Quxing , Ye Dewei , Rong Xianglu , Guo Jiao
Published: October 2022

CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of at least six identified transcription factors that contain a highly conserved basic leucine zipper domain and interact selectively with duplex DNA to regulate target gene expression. C/EBPs play important roles in various physiological processes, and their abnormal function can lead to various diseases. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrant C/EBP expression or activity is closely associated with the onset and progression of fibrosis in several organs and tissues. During fibrosis, various C/EBPs can exert distinct functions in the same organ, while the same C/EBP can exert distinct functions in different organs. Modulating C/EBP expression or activity could regulate various molecular processes to alleviate fibrosis in multiple organs; therefore, novel C/EBPs-based therapeutic methods for treating fibrosis have attracted considerable attention. In this review, we will explore the features of C/EBPs and their critical functions in fibrosis in order to highlight new avenues for the development of novel therapies targeting C/EBPs.
4P-Medicine in Obstetrics: Perspectives and Opportunities
Authors: Гутикова Л.В. , Ганчар Е.П.
Published: October 2022

Цель исследования. Обобщение и актуализация существующих данных о генетических и метаболомических исследованиях в акушерстве.Материалы и методы. В обзор включены данные приоритетных публикаций об исследовании генома и метаболома при акушерских осложнениях.Результаты и обсуждение. Изучение молекулярно-генетических механизмов развития акушерских осложнений максимально приблизит нас к 4П-медицине, построенной на принципах персонализированного подхода к здоровью человека и интегрирующей понятия персонализации (индивидуальный подход к каждому пациенту), предикции (создание вероятностного прогноза акушерской патологии), превентивности (профилактика акушерских осложнений), партисипативности (мотивированное участие пациента).

Purpose of the study. Generalization and updating of existing data on genetic and metabolomic research in obstetrics.Materials and methods. The review includes data from priority publications on the study of the genome and metabolome in obstetric complications.Results and discussion. The study of the molecular genetic mechanisms of the development of obstetric complications will bring us as close as possible to 4Р-medicine, built on the principles of a personalized approach to human health and integrating the concepts of personalization (an individual approach to each patient), prediction (creation of a probabilistic forecast of obstetric pathology), prevention (prevention of obstetric complications), participation (motivated patient participation).
"WILD MUSA SPP. PSEUDOSTEM AS A NEW SOURCE OF CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS "
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam University, Silchar – 788011, India, NATH RANJITA , PACHUAU LALDUHSANGA ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam University, Silchar – 788011, India
Published: October 2022

The objective of the present work is to investigate the potential of wild Musa spp. pseudostem as a sustainable source of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). CNCs were isolated from native cellulose by mixed acid hydrolysis under continuous stirring, followed by ultrasonication. CNCs were characterized by various techniques, including SEM, TEM, FTIR and Zeta potential analysis. The thermal stability was investigated through DSC and TGA, while the percent crystallinity was determined by XRD spectroscopy. TEM analysis showed that the isolated CNCs were mostly spherical in shape, with an average diameter of about 102.01 nm. DSC and TGA analyses indicated reduced thermal stability of the CNCs, compared to the native cellulose, which could be explained by the reduced particle size, better thermal conductivity, and active surface functional groups. The findings of the study revealed that the pseudostem of wild Musa spp. could be a potential, sustainable source of functional CNCs.
SPENT BLACK LIQUOR AS AN ALTERNATIVE CARBON SOURCE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF BACTERIAL CELLULOSE
Authors:   ", RASOOLY GARMAROODY ESMAEIL ,   BioRefinery Department, Faculty of New Technologies Engineering,  Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran ", ESMAEILI JAFARZADEH ATIYEH ,   "BioRefinery Department, Faculty of New Technologies Engineering,  Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran ", KERMANIAN HOSSEIN ,   "BioRefinery Department, Faculty of New Technologies Engineering,  Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran ", RAMEZANI OMID ,   "BioRefinery Department, Faculty of New Technologies Engineering,  Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran "
Published: October 2022

Bacterial cellulose is identical in chemical composition to cellulose extracted from lignocellulosic biomass, but with partial difference in structural characteristics. These differences, specifically its purity, make it valuable, but its production processes are quite expensive. In the present work, spent black liquor resulting from cotton pulping, as a major industrial waste stream, was investigated as an alternative carbon source in the production of bacterial cellulose (BC) using Acetobacter xylinum. XRD results of the produced cellulose showed that the crystallinity of the BC was lower than that of cotton pulp alpha-cellulose. SEM evaluation confirmed the nano-size of the produced cellulose, while its structure was evidenced by FT-IR analysis. The effect of altering the culture media on some structural features of the produced BC was thoroughly discussed and it was suggested that the spent liquor could be added in amounts of up to 25% for BC production in standard cultures (HS).
"PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYBRID NANOMATERIALS CONTAINING MAGNETIC FE3O4 NANOPARTICLES AS DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM "
Authors:   Marmara University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul, Turkey, TUNA ŞEYMA , BEYLER-ÇIĞIL ASLI ,   Amasya University Technical Sciences Vocational, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Process Technology School, Amasya, Turkey, DEMIR SERAP ,   Marmara University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: October 2022

In this study, magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized and the magnetic surfaces of the nanoparticles were modified with thiol groups. The chitosan polymer was modified with allyl groups and then bound to magnetic nanoparticles by the thiol-en click reaction. The drugs paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX) were loaded separately and together into this prepared hybrid material, and then drug releases from the hybrid material were studied. The aim of this paper is to present the results on the controlled release of DOX and PPT cancer drugs from chitosan-Fe3O4 nanoparticles at two different pH values (5.0 and 7.4). PTX was effectively loaded into chitosan-Fe3O4 nanoparticles and slowly released up to 72.66% at pH 5 and 41.45% at pH 7.4 after 48 hours. DOX was effectively loaded into chitosan-Fe3O4 nanoparticles and slowly released up to 30.5% at pH 5 and 23.3% at pH 7.4 after 48 hours.
"EVALUATION OF PHYTOTOXICITY AND BIODEGRADATION OF CELLULOSE REINFORCED STARCH BIOCOMPOSITES "
Authors:   ", REICHERT ALEXANDRA AUGUSTA ,   Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM),  Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil ", CASTILHOS DE FREITAS THALES ,   "Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Nature Conservation,  Federal University of Juíz de Fora (UFJF), Juíz de Fora, Brazil ", ALANO JOSÉ HENRIQUE ,   Engineering School, Federal University of Rio Grande, via Itália, km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil, DANTAS DE OLIVEIRA AMANDA ,   "Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM),  Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil "
Published: October 2022

With increasing environmental pollution, sustainable alternatives for packaging materials are important. This study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxicity and biodegradation of corn starch films reinforced with cellulose extracted from pineapple crowns. The films were produced by casting mixtures of corn starch, glycerol and cellulose at different concentrations (5%, 10% and 15%), along with a pure starch control film. The phytotoxicity assay showed that the addition of films to the soil does not negatively influence the germination and growth of lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa). In the biodegradation assay, the films were completely degraded after 60 days, especially the film containing 15% cellulose, which experienced rapid biodegradation, with a high rate of initial mass loss. Analysis of the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra after degradation of the films showed no structural changes. These materials have no harmful effects on the environment and have great potential for application as rapid-use packaging.
EFFECTS OF BUTYLAMINE TREATMENT ON CELLULOSE FIBERS DURING RECYCLING OF OLD CORRUGATED CONTAINERS (OCC)
Authors:   Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Industry Engineering, 46050, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey, ÇİÇEKLER MUSTAFA , ŞAHİN HALIL TURGUT ,   Isparta University of Applied Science, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Industry Engineering, 32200, Isparta, Turkey, TUTUŞ AHMET ,   Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Industry Engineering, 46050, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to determine the effects of butylamine treatment on cellulose fibers during the recycling processes. Three recycling stages have been carried out and two different butylamine (Ba) treatments (5.0% and 7.5%) were applied to old corrugated containers (OCC) papers during recycling. After each recycling process, papers were produced and the mechanical and optical properties of these papers were measured. SEM images and FTIR spectra were taken and the crystallinity index of the cellulose fiber was calculated by the XRD peak height method. Some improvement (11.0-15.2%) in paper brightness with the Ba treatment was realized in the third recycling stage, while yellowness values typically decreased by 1-2 points. Chemical treatments resulted in deﬁnite differences in water absorptiveness (Cobb value) for papers. The highest water absorptiveness of 160.0 g/m2 was observed with a 7.5% Ba treatment in the second recycling stage (75Ba2), indicating a value about 15.6% higher than that of the control. The highest tensile and burst indices were observed with 7.5% Ba treatment in the third recycling stage, indicating approx. 28.7% higher tensile and 34.5% burst indices, compared to the control at similar recycling stages. In contrast, the highest tear strengths of 4.54 Nm2/g, followed by 3.86 Nm2/g, were observed for untreated samples in the second and first recycling stage, respectively. The butylamine treatment in the recycling processes increased the cellulose crystallinity more (1.3%), compared to the control. It seems that the strength properties of recycled paper, such as tensile and burst, are closely related to the individual fiber strength and ﬁber bonding potential, which are typically reduced in recycling, but could be improved by Ba treatment.
EFFECT OF FIBRILLATION ON THE ABILITY OF CELLULOSE FIBERS TO SUPPRESS THE AGGREGATION OF QUINACRIDONE
Authors:   Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan, SAITO YASUKO , HONTAMA NAOYA ,   Sanyo Color Works, Ltd., 81 Nobusue, Himeji, Hyogo 670-0966, Japan, TANAKA YUKI ,   Sanyo Color Works, Ltd., 81 Nobusue, Himeji, Hyogo 670-0966, Japan, ENDO TAKASHI ,   Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
Published: October 2022

Quinacridone is a red–violet pigment often used as a coloring agent. However, the aggregation of quinacridone needs to be resolved to avoid undesirable color changes. Cellulose nanofibers are a potential candidate for novel pigment dispersants, due to their ability to inhibit aggregation. In this study, the effect of the degree of fibrillation of cellulose fibers on their performance as dispersants was investigated. Four types of highly fibrillated cellulose particles (HFCPs) were prepared using a disk mill and a high-pressure homogenizer. The degree of fibrillation was evaluated using specific surface area measurements, scanning electron microscopy, and gravitational sedimentation analysis. Fibrillation of cellulose was found to increase its adsorption capacity toward quinacridone. Even partly fibrillated celluloses successfully inhibited the aggregation of quinacridone. Color measurements of the quinacridone–cellulose suspensions indicated that, although fibrillation of cellulose improves the chroma of the suspensions, excess fibrillation causes a decrease in the chroma.