bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hospital survival associated with the use of thromboprophylaxis in patients with severe COVID-19 infection
Authors: Nava Víctor M. Camarillo , Rosas José Vicente , González José A. Zamudio , Villanueva Jorge Luis Zendejas , Rojas Elizabeth López , Pineda Norma A. Hernández , Pineda José Andrade
Published: January 2021

Hospital survival associated with the use of thromboprophylaxis in
patients with severe COVID-19 infection Survival and thromboprophylaxis
in COVID-19 Abstract Introduction: It has been described that patients
with severe or critical infection by COVID-19 suffer an inflammatory
state that conditions a high thrombotic risk. However, there is little
information on how to address thrombotic risk, coagulopathy, and
anticoagulant therapy in these patients. Objective: To evaluate the use
of thromboprophylaxis in patients with severe COVID-19 infection
associated with longer survival. Material and methods: Retrospective
cohort study, in a 2nd level hospital. 340 records of patients
hospitalized for severe COVID-19 infection were reviewed, and 171 were
included in the final analysis. Sociodemographic data, previous
pathologies, days of hospital stay, respiratory parameters were
evaluated; blood gas, hematic cytometry, DHL, C-reactive protein (CRP),
antiviral treatment, thromboprophylaxis, use of steroids and use of
antibiotics, the study variable was survival associated with the use of
LMWH. Descriptive, inferential statistics, univariate and multiple
models were used. Results: Advanced age, PaO2 / FiO2 index>
200 and high CRP were associated with a higher probability of death. And
the greater the number of days of use of thromboprophylaxis; the higher
the degree of protection. The PaO2 / FiO2 index> 200
(adjusted HR 0.270; 95%CI;. 0.100-0.727) and greater number of days
with thromboprophylaxis (adjusted HR, 0.576; 95%CI;. 0.460 – 0.721)
during hospitalization, were factors associated with hospital survival.
Conclusions: In this study we found evidence to recommend the use of
thromboprophylaxis from the first hours of admission in adult patients
with severe COVID-19 as long as there are no contraindications for it,
due to the increase in hospital survival. KEY WORDS: Thromboprophylaxis,
LMWH, SARS-CoV-2, survival, Severe COVID-19 infection.
Corticosteroid therapy for 2019-nCoV infected patients: a case series of 8 mechanically ventilated patients
Authors: AL-Rasheedi Mabrouk , Alhazmi Yasir , Almaqwashi Nouf , Alreshidi Mateq , Kardam Abdulaziz , Sharaf Mohammod , Haider Khawaja
Published: January 2021

Objective To report a series of eight cases of severe acute respiratory
syndrome due to 2019-nCoV infection (Covid-19- Bilateral infiltration)
who were successfully treated with high-dose short-term corticosteroid
therapy.
The Influence of Constipation on Asthma: A Real-world, Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Yen Chu , Wu Meng Che , Wang Yu-Hsun , Wei James Cheng-Chung
Published: January 2021

Background Among respiratory diseases, asthma is one of the most
burdensome disorder worldwide. Growing evidence disclose gut dysbiosis
may contribute to asthma via the gut-lung axis. Constipation can lead to
alteration of the gut microflora. The clinical impact of constipation on
asthma has not been researched. Therefore, we aim to assess the risk of
asthma in constipated patients by a nationwide population-based cohort
study. Methods We analyzed 82421 constipated patients and 82421
individuals without constipation between 1999 and 2013 from the
Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database. Analysis of
propensity score was utilized to match age, gender, comorbidities, and
medications at a ratio of 1:1. Besides, multiple Cox regression analysis
was performed to evaluate the adjusted hazard ratio of asthma.
Furthermore, sensitivity tests and a stratified analysis were conducted.
Results The incidence of asthma was 10.8 per 1,000 person-years in the
constipation group, which was higher than the rate of 5.6 per 1,000
person-years observed in the non-constipation group. After adjustment
for age, gender, comorbidities, and medications, constipated patients
had a 1.91-fold greater risk of asthma compared to those without
constipation (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.91 (95% C.I.
1.84-1.99). In subgroup analyses, patients aged 20-39 years had a
2.04-fold highest risk of asthma in the constipation cohort (aHR:2.04,
95% CI, 1.84-2.26). Besides, the severity of constipation is associated
with an increased risk of asthma; the aHR was 1.76 (1.69-1.85),
2.15(2.03-2.27), and 2.29(2.10-2.49) for < 3 times, 3-12
times, and ≥12 times of laxatives prescription within one year,
respectively. (p<0.001) Moreover, constipated patients had a
higher likelihood of asthma, regardless of gender, comorbidities, and
medications. Conclusion Constipation relates to a significantly
increased risk of asthma. Physicians should be aware of the possibility
of asthma in constipated people. Further research is warranted to
investigate the possible pathological mechanisms of this association.
MdNup62 interactions with MdHSFs involved in flowering and heat-stress tolerance in apple
Authors: Zhang Chenguang , An Na , Jia Peng , Zhang Wei , Liang Jiayan , Zhou Hua , dong Zhang , Ma Juanjuan , caiping zhao , Han Mingyu , ren xiaolin , xing libo
Published: January 2021

Because of global warming, the apple flowering period is occurring
significantly earlier, increasing the probability and degree of freezing
injury. Moreover, extreme hot weather has also seriously affected the
development of apple industry. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are main
channels controlling nucleocytoplasmic transport, but their roles in
regulating plant development and stress responses are still unknown.
Here, we analysed the components of the apple NPC and found that MdNup62
interacts with MdNup54, forming the central NPC channel. MdNup62 was
localized to the nuclear pore, and its expression was significantly
up-regulated in ‘Nagafu No. 2’ tissue-cultured seedlings subjected to
heat treatments. To determine MdNup62’s function, we obtained
MdNup62-overexpressed (OE) Arabidopsis and tomato lines that showed
significantly reduced high-temperature resistance. Additionally,
OE-MdNup62 Arabidopsis lines showed significantly earlier flowering
compared with wild-type. Furthermore, we identified 62 putative
MdNup62-interacting proteins and confirmed MdNup62 interactions with
multiple MdHSFs. The OE-MdHSFA1d and OE-MdHSFA9b Arabidopsis lines also
showed significantly earlier flowering phenotypes than wild-type, but
had enhanced high-temperature resistance levels. Thus, MdNUP62 interacts
with multiple MdHSFs during nucleocytoplasmic transport to regulate
flowering and heat resistance in apple. The data provide a new
theoretical reference for managing the impact of global warming on the
apple industry.
Stability of African swine fever virus on contaminated spray dried porcine plasma
Authors: Fischer Melina , Pikalo Jutta , Beer Martin , Blome Sandra
Published: January 2021

African swine fever (ASF) is a viral disease that affects members of the
Suidae family. The notifiable disease is considered a major threat to
the pig industry, animal health, and food security worldwide. According
to the European Food Safety Authority, ASF virus (ASFV) survival and
transmission in feed and feed materials is a major research gap. Against
this background, the objective of this study was to determine the
survival of ASFV on re-contaminated spray dried porcine plasma (SDPP)
when stored at two different temperatures. To this means, commercial
SDPP granules were contaminated with high titers of ASFV in a worst-case
re-contamination scenario. Three samples per time point and temperature
condition were subjected to blind passaging on macrophage cultures and
subsequent haemadsorption test to determine residual infectivity. In
addition, viral genome was detected by real-time PCR. The results
indicate that heavily re-contaminated SDPP stored at 4°C remains
infectious for at least five weeks. In contrast, contaminated SDPP
stored at room temperature displayed a distinct ASFV titer reduction
after one week and complete inactivation after two weeks. In conclusion,
the residual risk of ASFV transmission through re-contaminated SDPP is
low, if SDPP is stored at room temperature for a period of at least two
weeks before feeding.
High Density Intramural Mapping of Post-Infarct Premature Ventricular Contractions.
Authors: Downar Eugene , Janse Michiel , Bhaskaran Abhishek , Niri Ahmed , Velluppillai Arulalan , Massé Stéphane , Nanthakumar Kumaraswamy
Published: January 2021

Background: Spontaneous ventricular premature contractions (PVCs) in the
post infarct milieu is assumed to be due to automaticity. However, the
mechanism has not been studied with appropriate mapping tools.
Objective: To study the mechanism of spontaneous PVCs with high density
intramural mapping in a canine model, to test the hypothesis that
post-infarct PVCs are due to re-entry rather than automaticity. Methods:
In 15 anesthetized dogs, using 768 intramural unipolar electrograms,
simultaneous recordings were made. After 30 mins of stabilization,
recordings were made during the first 10 minutes of ischemia, and
activation maps were constructed of individual beats. Acute ischemia was
produced by clamping the left anterior descending coronary artery
proximal to the first diagonal branch. The analysis was limited to the
activation pattern of spontaneous ventricular beats. Results: In all
experiments ST-T alternans occurred. In 8 of 15 dogs spontaneous
ventricular beats occurred. In all 8 of these experiment earliest,
ectopic activity occurred in the endocardium, well within the ischemic
zone. From there, activity spread rapidly along the subendocardium, with
endo-to epicardial spread along the non ischemic myocardium. Epicardial
breakthrough always occurred at the border of the ischemic myocardium.
In 3 dogs, delayed potentials were observed, which were earliest at the
ischemic epicardium and extended transmurally with increasing delay
towards the endocardium, where they culminated in a premature beat.
Conclusion: Graded responses that occur with each sinus beat
intramurally, when able to propagate from epicardium to endocardium is
the mechanism by which PVCs are generated in post-infarct myocardium.
Hypertension and chronic cor pulmonale were the independent risk factors for a prolonged length of hospital stay in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Hong , YANG TAO , Chen Zhihong , Ran Yajuan , Wang Jiajia , Dai Guangming , Deng Huojin , Li Xinglong , ZHU TAO
Published: January 2021

Background: AECOPD is a severe status of COPD. The prolonged length of
hospital stay (LHS) was associated with poor prognosis and higher
medical costs in AECOPD patients. Identification of the risk factors for
prolonged LHS will help physicians provide targeted and personalized
interventions, reduce LHS, and avoid unnecessary health services in COPD
patients. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for prolonged LHS
in hospitalized AECOPD patients. Methods: In this multicenter
cross-sectional study, 598 AECOPD patients were screened. In the end,
the LHS of 111 were <7 days (Normal LHS, N-LHS), 218 were 7-10
days (Mild Prolonged LHS, MP-LHS), and 100 were≥11 days (Severe
Prolonged LHS, SP-LHS). Demographic data, underlying diseases, symptoms,
and laboratory findings were collected. Multiple logistics regression
was performed to investigate the independent risk factors for prolonged
LHS in AECOPD patients. Results: The significant differences in 11
variables were found by univariate analysis. Since significant
collinearities among white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (NS), and NS%
were observed, WBC and NS% were excluded. Therefore, 9 factors were
included in multiple logistics regression. Subsequently, our results
identified that the rates of hypertension and chronic cor pulmonale
(CCP) were independently associated with prolonged LHS in AECOPD
patients. Conclusions: Collectively, our results suggested that
complications of hypertension and CCP were at a higher risk of prolonged
LHS in AECOPD patients. It also indicated that AECOPD combined with
hypertension and/or CCP probably more severe. Then, more extensive
management should be initially administrated.
Genetically proxied growth differentiation factor 15 levels and body mass index
Authors: Karhunen Ville , Larsson Susanna , Gill Dipender
Published: January 2021

Growth-differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is an inflammatory cytokine
involved in energy homeostasis. Its circulating levels are acutely
increased by the type 2 diabetes medication metformin, resulting in
reduced appetite and weight loss. We identified a genetic variant at the
GDF15 gene to proxy a small, lifelong increase in circulating GDF15
levels, and leveraged it in colocalization and Mendelian randomization
analyses to investigate the effects of chronically elevated GDF15 levels
on body mass index (BMI) and type 2 diabetes liability. The results
provide human genetic evidence supporting that chronically elevated
GDF15 levels increase BMI. There was no genetic evidence to support
bi-directional effects, or that chronically elevated GDF15 levels
directly affect liability to type 2 diabetes. Our results contrast the
BMI lowering effects of an acute increase in GDF15 levels observed after
metformin use. These findings have direct implications for informing
pharmacological strategies aimed at targeting GDF15 levels for weight
loss.
Successful determination of imatinib dosage by therapeutic drug monitoring in a case of chronic myeloid leukemia initiating dialysis for acute renal dysfunction.
Authors: Nakahara Ryosuke , Sumimoto Takahiro , Tanaka Ryota , Ogata Masao , Itoh Hiroki
Published: January 2021

Imatinib is used as first-line treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia
(CML) even in patients with impaired renal function. We successfully
used therapeutic drug monitoring to determine the dose for
re-administration of imatinib in a CML patient who initiated dialysis
for acute renal dysfunction associated with the initial imatinib
therapy.
The Correlations Between Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics, laboratory tests and CT Scan reports in the diagnosis of cases 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia. A Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Branson Bobby , Tavakoli Ramin , Khaledi Mansoor , Shafiee Seyed Mohammad , Afkham Hamed , Rastegar Shahdokht
Published: January 2021

Background: The role of laboratory parameters and the relationship of
them with radiology reports, CT scan and clinical outcomes in screening
of COVID-19 patients not been deﬁnitely established, but this disease
presented a major challenge in the field of clinical tests, radiology
reports, clinical outcomes that help to monitoring and treatment
COVID-19 disease. Methods: This study was performed on 340 suspected
COVID-19 patients, who presented to Chamran Hospital, Shiraz University
of Medical Sciences Shiraz, Iran from 20 February to 31 August, 2020.
Information each patient’s will be completed using a data collection
forms based on records. The evaluation of lungs involvement in CT scan
and their relationship with laboratory indicator including biochemical
and hematological factors, is the best scale for the severity and
prognosis of Covid 19 patients. Results and Conclusion: The ﬁndings of
this study indicated ALT, AST, CRP, NEU, LDH, and Urea have very good
accuracy in predicting cases with positive RT-PCR for COVID-19,
respectively. In this study we shown the correlation of clinical and
laboratory findings with CT-based quantitative score of pulmonary
involvement in COVID-19 pneumonia and attempted that our findings could
be usable to development future clinical research associated with
COVID-19 infection and show the relationship of reports CT scan and
clinical outcomes in the diagnosis and severity of patients with
COVID-19.
RISK FACTORS AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BK POLYOMAVIRUS INFECTION AFTER HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Ünüvar Gamze Kalın , Ture Zeynep , Ulukilic Aysegul , Keklik Muzaffer , Cevahir Fatma
Published: January 2021

BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infections are an important cause of morbidity
and mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) may occur in patients undergoing HSCT due to
the BKPyV reactivation. This study aimed to assess risk factors,
clinical characteristics and treatment options of BKPyV infections after
HSCT. A total of 54 patients with HSCT were retrospectively evaluated
and BKPyV disease was found in 24 (44%). HC was seen in 20 (83%) of
patients with BKPyV disease. The median age of patients was 42 and 50%
of them were male. The most common underlying disease was Acute Myeloid
Leukemia (62%). Five patients had autologous and 15 patients had
allogeneic HSCT. The median time to engraftment was 15 days. GVHD was
seen only in 7 patients. The median time elapsed to BKPyV disease after
HSCT was found as 60 days. Nineteen patients with BKPyV disease had
grade 3 and one patient had grade 2 HC. While BKPyV viremia was positive
in five patients, viruria was detected in all patients. Eighteen (75%)
of the patients with BKPyV disease were treated with cidofovir (5mg/kg
IV) and 11 with ciprofloxacin (800 mg/day). Four of the patients who
received intravesical cidofovir (dose). The complete response was
obtained 53% of patients with BKPyV disease. In conclusion, BKPyV
disease is an emerging clinical problem after HSCT causing morbidity and
mortality. It can develop especially in the early period after
allogeneic stem cell transplantation. This situation has been associated
with the use of immunosuppressive treatments after transplantation.
Close monitoring of BK virus in high-risk patients can be an important
method to improve the complication in the early period.
Insights into the mechanism of atrial tachycardia with over two types of reentrant circuits: the important role of the convertibility of functional conduction block regions in maintaining multiple reentrant circuit pathways
Authors: Wang Fan , Wang Bai , Cui Jinjin , Luan Ying , Xu Jian , Cao Wei , Yue Zhilin , zhang shuo , Li Shufeng
Published: January 2021

Background: Multiple atrial tachycardias (ATs) in one patient usually
require more complex ablation procedures. Despite the superior accuracy
and understanding of conduction features provided by high-resolution
mapping, Multiple ATs are still associated with high recurrence rates,
and other mechanisms may play a role. Therefore, we aimed to uncover the
substrates maintaining these multiple reentrant circuits and the
probable mechanisms for the high occurrence of arrhythmia. Methods:
Mapping via the Carto system was carried out in 8 patients with more
than two types of reentrant circuits during ablation. Functional
conduction block (FCB) regions were marked and further analyzed.
Results: Twenty sustained ATs were mapped in the 8 patients. Five of
these patients exhibited a potential FCB region that changed between
different ATs. The potentials of these regions converted between double
potentials (DPs), fractionated potentials (FPs) and normal potential due
to the different ATs. The FCB regions were the main obstacles and the
center of the reentrant circuit in 8 of 14 ATs, and in the other ATs,
these regions played a role in reorganizing the conduction pathway. In
the activation mapping, the FCB areas were never the target ablation
site. Conclusion: The potential FCB region is common in ATs with more
than two types of reentrant circuits, especially in scar-related
localized reentry. The convertibility of FCB regions provide one of the
critical substrates in maintaining multiple ATs. The changefulness of
this substrate may be one of the important causes of the high recurrence
of related ATs
O CONCEITO DE APRENDIZAGEM NA INTERLOCUÇÃO NEUROCIÊNCIA E EDUCAÇÃO EM TESES DOUTORAIS
Authors: Abreu Mendes Iran , Leal de Oliveira Valdete
Published: January 2021

A conexão neurociência e educação objetiva compreender e explicar como nosso cérebro interage para uma aprendizagem sociocognitiva, biológica e cultural, implicando na interação das dimensões biológicas e neurológicas com a dimensão humana, emocional, cognitiva e social. Este artigo discute como a aprendizagem na interlocução neurociência e educação está tratada em teses de doutorado, para identificarmos quais potencialidades dessas produções para repensar a docência na formação e professores. A pesquisa constou de um levantamento bibliográfico seguido da análise dos conteúdos identificados em 13 teses sobre o tema, de modo a verificar interfaces entre neurociência e educação nesses estudos. Nossa conclusão é que as teses indicam a necessidade de avançar nas pesquisas sobre essa interlocução em cursos de formação de professores, visando aproximar esses conhecimentos das pesquisas em Educação em Ciências e Matemática, apontando contribuições que nos desafiam para um aprofundamento investigativo no exercício da docência.
Correlation and Accuracy of Labial Minor Salivary Gland Biopsy in the Establishment of
Diagnosis in Patients with Suspected Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: Kilipiris Evangelos , Machalekova Katarina , Fountoulaki Georgia , Andrade Kareen , Mantziaris Nikolaos , Stanko Peter
Published: January 2021

Purpose.
The goal of this paper is to find out the correlation, and evaluate the accuracy of labial minor salivary gland biopsy as a diagnostic tool in the multidisciplinary management of patients with Sjögren’s syndrome.
Patients and Methods.
Thirty seven patients referred to our outpatient office between January 2016 and December 2017 from a rheumatologist for biopsy examination, as part of the complex diagnostic plan for suspected Sjögren syndrome were included in the current study. Each specimen was examined histomorphometrically by the pathologist to calculate the focus score describing the degree of salivary gland inflammatory infiltration.
Results.
From the total number of patients, 25 presented with an established Sjögren syndrome diagnosis by fulfilling the revised American-European criteria. From those 15 had a positive lip biopsy. The rest 10 patients from the total group who were diagnosed with Sjögren syndrome based on the same criteria had a negative lip biopsy.
Conclusion.
The labial minor salivary gland biopsy is a valuable diagnostic tool to establish the diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome. However, a positive biopsy result must always be correlated with all the other diagnostic criteria to prove the exact diagnosis.
EEG Channel Selection Using A Modified Grey Wolf Optimizer
Authors: Hussien Hussien Rezk , El-Kenawy El-Sayed M. , El-Desouky Ali I.
Published: January 2021

Consider an increasingly growing field of research, Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is to form a direct channel of communication between a computer and the brain. However, extracting features of random time-varying EEG signals and their classification is a major challenge that faces current BCI. This paper proposes a modified grey wolf optimizer (MGWO) that can select optimal EEG channels to be used in (BCIs), the way that identifies main features and the immaterial ones from that dataset and the complexity to be removed. This allows (MGWO) to opt for optimal EEG channels as well as helping machine learning classification in its tasks when doing training to the classifier with the dataset. (MGWO), which imitates the grey wolves leadership and hunting manner nature and which consider metaheuristics swarm intelligence algorithms, is an integration with two modification to achieve the balance between exploration and exploitation the first modification applies exponential change for the number of iterations to increase search space accordingly exploitation, the second modification is the crossover operation that is used to increase the diversity of the population and enhance exploitation capability. Experimental results use four different EEG datasets BCI Competition IV- dataset 2a, BCI Competition IV- data set III, BCI Competition II data set III, and EEG Eye State from UCI Machine Learning Repository to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of the (MGWO). A cross-validation method is used to measure the stability of the (MGWO).
Efficient Pneumonia Detection for Chest Radiography Using ResNet-Based SVM
Authors: Eid Marwa M. , Elawady Yasser H.
Published: January 2021

Chest radiography has a significant clinical utility in the medical imaging diagnosis, as it is one of the most basic examination tools. Pneumonia is a common infection that rapidly affects human lung areas. So, finding an advanced automated method to detect Pneumonia is assigned to be one of the most recent issues, which is still prohibitively expensive to mass adoption, especially in the developing countries. This article presents an innovative approach for distinguishing the residence of pneumonia by embedding computational techniques to chest x-rays images which eliminating the demands for single-image investigation and significantly decrease the total costs. Recent advances in deep learning achieved remarkable results in image classification on different domains; however, its application for Pneumonia diagnosis is still restricted. Hence, the main focus is to provide an investigation that will improve the research in this area, presenting a new proposal to the applications of pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) as a stage of features extraction to detect this disease. Specifically, we propose to combine deep residual neural networks (ResNets), which extract the hierarchical features from the individual x-ray images with the boosting algorithm to select the salient features, and support vector machine for classification (AdaBoost-SVM). After conducting the performance analysis on the available dataset, we have concluded that the precision of the introduced scheme in Pneumonia classification is superior to the most concurrent approaches, resulting in a great improvement in clinical outcomes.
Prediction of Interpolants in Zero Diluted Images
Authors: Kishan Rao T. , Shankar Lingam M. , Prateek Manish , Rajan E. G.
Published: January 2021

This paper provides an algorithmic procedure to predict interpolants of zero diluted images. Given a digital image, one can zero dilute it by right adjoining a column consisting of ‘0s’ to every column except the last column and inserting a row consisting of ‘0s’ below every row except the last row. This yields a new image with a size (2W-1)×(2H-1), where W is the width and H is the height of the original image. Another way of zero diluting an image is by right adjoining a column consisting of ‘0s’ to every column and inserting a row consisting of ‘0s’ below every row. This yields a new image with a size (2W)×(2H), where W is the width and H is the height of the original image. Alternatively, subsampling of an image is carried out by forcing pixel values in the alternate columns and rows to zero. Thus, the size of the subsampled image is reduced to half of the size of the original image. This means 75% of the information in the original image is lost in the subsampled image. On the other hand, zero dilution of an image does not cause loss of information but increases the possibility of predicting more information. The question that arises here is whether it is possible to predict more pixel values, which are called interpolants so that the reconstructed image is an enhanced version of the original image in resolution. In this paper, two novel interpolant prediction techniques, which are reliable and computationally efficient, are discussed. They are (i) interpolant prediction using neighborhood pixel value averaging and (ii) interpolant prediction using extended morphological filtering. These techniques can be applied to predict interpolants in a subsampled image also.
Study on Trichoderma Citrinoviride 31/4 – Antagonistic Activity and Jasmonic Acid
Authors: Jargalsaikhan Ariunjargal , Janchiv Temuujin , Myagmarsaikhan Gantuya , Gantsolmon Esentaish , Khureldagva Otgonjargal
Published: January 2021

The genus Trichoderma was first identified by the German scientist Persoon in 1974, and there are currently 89 species in the genus. Trichoderma fungi often break down organic compounds in the soil into minerals and plays an important role in soil fertility formation.

Trichoderma citrinoviride 31/4 isolated from the soil forms a colony with light yellow-green mycelium on the surface of the PDA medium, with spherical spore, septate hyphae, branched conidophores.

Trichoderma citrinoviride 31/4 had antagonistic activity of 66.7% against Cladosporium fulvum, 77.5% against Alternaria alternata, and 59.1% against Fusarium oxysporium after 7 days.

Experimental results showed that the progress of tomato alternariosis treated with Trichoderma citrinoviride 31/4 was neutralized from the 7th day, and the biological activity was averagely 74% on the 21st day.

Trichoderma citrinoviride 31/4 contains 0.0135 mg / kg of jasmonic acid in plants treated with 109 cell / ml and 0.0076 mg/kg in plants treated with 108 cell / ml.
Effect of Canola and Compound Fertilizer on Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Bacterial Wilt Management
Authors: Iraboneye Norbert , Charimbu Miriam K. , Mungai Nancy W.
Published: January 2021

Bacterial wilt is a problematic disease affecting potato production in Kenya and the available management methods are not efficient. Field, semi-field and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of canola green manure and compound fertilizer on bacterial wilt management. Laboratory experiment was conducted at Egerton university biological laboratory to evaluate the effect of canola extract on R. solanacearum population density in-vitro. Four levels of canola extract quantities were used; 0, 100, 200, 300microlitres, and enrich immunomodulator (Di-bromo Di-nitro propane 1-3-diol) (DDD) was used as a positive control. Inoculum was prepared from infested soil and Selective Medium South Africa (SMSA) (Casamino acids, Bacto-Peptone, Glycerol, and Bacto-Agar) was used as growth medium in a completely randomized design. Field experiment was carried out in two sites (Elburgon site is in Upper high land zone two (UH2) and Mau-Narok is in Upper high land zone one UH1). Two levels of canola green manure (with and without green manure application), four levels of fertilizer (NPK+Ca+Mg+ micronutrients) applied at 0(F1), 250(F2), 575(F3), 900 (F4) kg ha-1 and diammonium phosphate (DAP500 kg ha-1) +Calcium ammonium nitrate             (CAN300 kg ha-1) (F5) as a positive control. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) spilt plot replicated three times, canola green manure as main plot and fertilizer and varieties combination as sub plots. Semi-field experiment (in pots) was conducted at Egerton university farm, five levels of canola green manure (100, 75, 50 and 0 g kg-1 soil) and four levels of the compound fertilizer as used in the field experiment were used in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The data shows that canola extract did not have a significant (Pr <0.05) effect on bacterial population density (CFU), where chemical treatment (DDD) restricted the growth of R. solanacearum under laboratory experiment. Under field and semi-filed experiments, canola green manure and fertilizer treatments had no significant (Pr <0.05) effect on bacterial population density in the soil nor bacterial wilt incidence. Kenya karibu variety it did not show any wilting symptoms of bacterial wilt across the sites and semi-field experiment. Canola did not suppress the growth of R. solanacearum; further investigation should be done on other brassica family plants.
Sustainable Agroforestry Practice in Jessore District of Bangladesh
Authors: Sheikh Ripon , Islam Md. Akramul , Sharmin Arifa , Biswas Rahul , Kumar Joydeb
Published: January 2021

The systematic Agroforestry practice is being popular day by day in Monirampur Upazilla of Jessore district of Bangladesh. Considering this situation, the present research work was conducted with a view to know agroforestry practice and to find out the potentialities of agroforestry based on sustainability. Multistage sampling technique method by using semi-structured questionnaires was followed in the field survey to collect data and information in the year of 2014-2016 from 140 respondents in Monirampur Upazilla of Jessore district in Bangladesh to fulfill the purpose of the research. The results showed that most of the respondents are middle aged (45%), education level is primary (32%) with medium size family (54%) and 74% of the respondents are involved in agriculture. Communication exposure is very low (70%) with low organizational participation (55%). The results illustrated that the respondents preferred homestead agroforestry (55%) as their major land use practice followed by livestock under tree cover (16%), tree crop association (13%), boundary plantation (9%) and woodlot agroforestry (7%) in the research area. Besides, 80% respondents get all benefits (environmental, social, economic, and biological) followed by economic benefit directly (10%), social benefit directly (5%), environmental benefit directly (3%), and biological benefit directly (2%). Most of them (90%) get security, employment generation and household income which accelerate their livelihood pattern. Majority respondents (64%) showed more favorable attitudes, 29% respondents showed favorable attitudes, only 7% showed neutral attitudes and no one shows negative attitudes towards agroforestry. Housing condition, proper sanitation, and asset possessions before practicing agroforestry were 40%, 77% and 35% respectively and after practicing agroforestry that changed condition are 75%,100% and 60% which revealed that peoples are benefitted due to practice of agroforestry. The result also revealed that majority primary educated respondents are involved in agriculture with medium size family mostly practiced mixed agroforestry around homestead along with livestock under tree cover, tree crop association, boundary plantation, woodlot agroforestry through possessing more favorable attitudes which ensures environmental, social, economical, biological benefits, enhance livelihood pattern, security, employment, household income etc. But communication exposure and organizational participation should be increased to adopt more technique and technology. Thus, agroforestry improve the proper utilization of resources; enhance environmentally friendly, socio-economic sustainable production system and livelihood which is socially reasonable and economically feasible through diversification of input and output which reflects that agroforestry is a sustainable system in Bangladesh.
Perception Based Assessment of Ecosystem Services of Madhupur Sal Forest in Bangladesh
Authors: Saha Soumitra , Hasan Shaikh Shamim , Haque Md. Enamul , Ahamed Tofayel
Published: January 2021

Madhupur Sal (Shorea robusta) forest, the largest belt of natural Sal forest in Bangladesh, is rich in ecological resources and biodiversity. In recent years, human disturbance leads to biodiversity loss from the forest, and it has a successive effect on the services that the forest provides. Thus, it is crucial to explore the present condition of the forest’s available ecosystem services with local people’s consciousness about the ecosystem. The present study investigated the available ecosystem services of Madhupur Sal forest, respondents’ perception towards those services and the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents that influenced their perception. Data were collected by interviewing 90 respondents with a focus group discussion. Most of the respondents in the study area were ethnic people (Garo). A total of 20 ecosystem services were identified where soil erosion control, mental peace and maintenance of soil fertility were the top-ranked services. About 83% of the respondents had moderately favorable perception towards ecosystem services. The study results showed that the respondents with a higher level of education, higher family annual income, and more training received on agriculture perceived ecosystem services to a greater extent than others. So, improvement of their perception towards ecosystem services can make them aware of forest biodiversity conservation.
Research and Comparison of Different Levels of Fertilizer Nano Zinc Chelates and Zinc Sulfate and Its Effect on the Growth Parameters of Parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.)
Authors: Vattani Hesam , Vafaee Naser , Ladan Moghadam Alireza , Keshavarz Narges
Published: January 2021

Parsley is a biennial plant from the Apiaceae family that is used in the food, pharmaceutical, perfume and cosmetic industries. This plant has various mineral such as Fe and vitamins including A, B and C and grown in most parts of the world. Nano-fertilizers are a good alternative to sulfated fertilizers due to their higher solubility and gradual release of particles than conventional fertilizers. In order to investigate the effect of foliar application zinc on growth and yield of parsley, an experiment based on randomized complete blocks with 6 treatments and three replications was performed in the experimental field of Imam Khomeini Higher Agricultural Education Center. Treatments included foliar application of Nano zinc chelate fertilizer (0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/L) and zinc sulfate (1 and 1.5 g/L). The foliar application was performed in 4 to 6 leaf stage and repeated every 14 days till before harvesting. Number of leaves, plant height, leaf area, leaf length and width, fresh and dry weight of leaves and stems were measured. The results showed that the highest amount of the mentioned traits was obtained in the foliar application of 1.5 g/L Nano zinc chelate fertilizer and the lowest values were obtained at the control treatment. It is noteworthy that there is no significant difference between 1 and 1.5 g/L Nano zinc chelate fertilizer in terms fresh and dry weight of leaves and stems and both treatments are statistically in the same group. Therefore, foliar application of 1 g/L Nano zinc chelate fertilizer is economically recommended.
Water Quality Index for the Assessment of Selected Borehole Water Quality in Rivers State
Authors: Emeka Chinwendu , Nweke Bright , Osere Jecinta , Ihunwo Chimaobi K.
Published: January 2021

Water quality of different locations in River state, Nigeria was evaluated using Water Quality Index (WQI) approach to assess the suitability of water from three local government areas in Rivers State. The study revealed that WQI was determined by the following parameters: pH, Temp, EC, BOD, Chloride, Sulphate, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphate, Total Hardness, Nitrate, Pb Calcium, Cd, Cu, and Fe. The result obtained indicated that the water quality index of borehole water exceeded the status of water quality in all sampling locations due to groundwater contamination, making the water unsafe for human and animal consumption. Residents within the State should be enlightened on the adverse effect of drinking polluted water and the need for water treatment before consumption.
Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Close Proximity to Septic Tanks and Potential Impact on Health
Authors: Emeka Chinwendu , Nweke Bright , Ihunwo Chimaobi K. , Nta Samuel
Published: January 2021

A field study was conducted to assess groundwater samples collected in close proximity to septic tanks and its potential impact on health. pH, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness. TDS, BOD, Turbidity, EC, Magnesium, Phosphate, Sulphate, Chloride, Nitrate, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd were determined using standard methods. The human health risk assessment was performed by determining the hazard quotient of physicochemical and heavy metals through human oral consumption. The results indicate that the hazard quotient for pH, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, TDS, BOD, Turbidity, EC, Magnesium, Phosphate, Sulphate, Chloride, Nitrate, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd were less than 1 while Temperature (1.1, 1.1 and 1,1), Dissolved Oxygen [CE1(3.3), CE2(3.8) and CE3(3.7)] and Calcium [CE1 (0.0), CE2 (2.6), and CE3 (1.2)] except for CE1 were greater than 1. This indicates that the borehole water poses risk for human consumption. Regulatory agencies should be proactive in monitoring borehole water quality, agencies in charge of approving building plan should ensure a safe distance between borehole water and septic tank is maintained and enforced.
Assessing State Influence on Land Accessibility and Successful Implementation of Federal Government Building Construction Projects in South-South Nigeria (2006-2016)
Authors: Okoro Rose Chinyere , Ogbuefi Joseph Ugochukwu
Published: January 2021

Despite the provisions of the Land Use Act (LUA), cap L5 of 2004, to make land available for all stake holders, Federal Government has continuously found it difficult to access land in the states for her developmental projects. Does this influence successful implementation of her building construction projects in south-south Nigeria significantly? To what extent does the State where the project is domiciled influence successful project implementation? In order to provide answers to these questions a survey approach was used in three States (Akwa Ibom, Bayelsa and Cross River), randomly selected with two projects in each State. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit data from screened 179 respondents for the study. Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the research work. The dependent variables studied were land accessibility and successful project implementation while the State where the projects were domiciled was the independent variable. The analytical tools used included simple percentages, one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The hypotheses were tested at .05 level of significance. Findings revealed that State where the projects were domiciled had significant influence on the two dependent variables of land accessibility and successful project implementation and that Cross River State was significantly different from the other States on land accessibility but only on Akwa Ibom State on successful project implementation. The research proffers that for land to be easily accessible for Federal Government projects, Federal Government should enshrine in the Nigerian operating Land Policy the customs, traditions, and beliefs of the locals, take centre stage in all levels of land administration and educate her land administrative personnel in respect of government rights in land matters.
Theoretical Investigation of the Electronic, Elastic, Vibration, Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of PtAsP Mixed Pyrite Phase
Authors: Popoola Adewumi I. , Agboola B. Samuel
Published: January 2021

Theoretical investigation on the elastic constants, phonon frequencies, thermodynamic and the transport properties of PtAsP mixed cubic pyrite phase was performed using the ﬁrst-principles calculations based on the density functional theory. The calculated equilibrium crystal parameter is in excellent agreement with experimental data. The derived bulk and shear moduli are much higher than other theoretical data, suggesting that PtAsP may be a highly incompressible material. The detailed analyses of the electronic structures showed that PtAsP is an indirect energy gap compound and is elastically and dynamically stable. By using the harmonic Debye model, some thermodynamic properties including vibration free energy and constant volume heat capacity were calculated. The evaluation of the transport properties showed that PtAsP is a p-type material with capacity for improved performance when its charge carrier concentration is between 1016 cm3 and 1018 cm3.
Numerical Analysis of Dielectric Optical Waveguides
Authors: Torres João Paulo N. , Fernandes Carlos A. F. , Lameirinhas Ricardo A. Marques
Published: January 2021

The stochastic resonance (SR) in direct-modulated laser diodes is investigated using an analytical approach based on the laser rate equations for the carrier and photon densities, that include the cross correlation between the photon and carrier noises. This subject may be particularly important in the domain of Optical Communication Systems, where increasing demands on laser performance have led to the fabrication of more and more complex structures. In viewing the development of the associated technology, the importance of the simulation tools revealed of crucial importance.
Bent-Bent Waveguide Coupling System
Authors: Torres João Paulo N. , Baptista António , Maló Machado Vitor , Lameirinhas Ricardo A. Marques
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the mechanism of energy transfer between two bent-bent waveguides is analyzed. Focus is done to the effect that some parameters like the refractive index of the substrate and the wavelength cause in the energy rate transfer between the waveguides. Results were validated by using the Finite Element Method (FEM).
Hemodynamics of systemic and local venous return
Authors: Lee Byung Boong , Passariello Fausto , Labropoulos Nicos , Ricci Stefano
Published: January 2021

Hemodynamics of systemic and local venous return Old and new concepts in venous hemodynamics and new interesting hypotheses
SIKAP BAHASA MANUSIA INDONESIA SEBAGAI PRAKTIK KEBERBAHASAAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF KE-AUSTRONESIAAN
Authors:   Univeritas Sebelas Maret, Setyawan Arif
Published: January 2021

Realitas kebahasaan manusia Indonesia menunjukkan adanya ragam bahasa, meliputi bahasa daerah, bahasa asing, dan bahasa Indonesia. Sayangnya, sikap Bahasa manusia Indonesia sebagai sebuah praktik keberbahasaan menunjukkan gejala yang negatif. Praktik keberbahasaan tersebut terbentuk melalui pondasi ragam habitus dengan dukungan ragam sekaligus pertaruhan modal dan pertimbangan ragam ranah yang dipengaruhi oleh dominasi praktik agen-agen pendominasi. Gejala negatif sikap bahasa sepatutnya tak terjadi, mengingat ke-Austronesiaan di Indonesia menjadi hal yang tak dapat dipungkiri, baik dalam konteks kesejarahan, sosio-kultural, hingga keberbahasaan itu sendiri. Oleh sebab itu, kesadaran ke-Austronesiaan menjadi hal penting bagi manusia Indonesia guna menumbuh-kembangkan sikap bahasa sebagai praktik keberbahasaan yang mampu menempatkan realitas kebahasaan dengan bijak.
GAMBAR CADAS KAIMANA (PAPUA BARAT) DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN AUSTRONESIAN PAINTED TRADITION (APT)
Authors:   Departemen Arkeologi FIB Universitas Indonesia, Eka Permana R. Cecep
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang gambar cadas yang terdapat di Kampung Maimai dan sekitarnya di Kabupaten Kaimana, Papua Barat. Motif-motif gambar cadas di wilayah ini mengikuti konsep dari Ballard dan O’Connor berkaitan dengan Penutur Austronesia yang dikenal dengan Austronesian Painted Tradition (APT). Pengumpulan data gambar cadas dilakukan melalui survei di lapangan, sedangkan analisis data dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa indikasi kebudayaan dari Penutur Austronesia pada gambar cadas yang terdapat di Kaimana. Indikasi tersebut antara lain ditunjukkan oleh lokasi yang berada di wilayah persebaran Penutur Austronesia, keletakkan gambar cadas pada lokasi yang sulit dijangkau, serta penggambaran motif khas seperti cap telapak tangan, antropomorfik, wajah atau topeng, matahari, dan perahu.