bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers in China: The Government's Role and Legal Aspects
Authors: Sulistiyono Tri , Herlambang Pratama Herry , Chandra Safari Dwi , Abdulaziz Moch Fahmi , Roki Nur Arissa Izzati binti Mohamad
Published: July 2022

This study seeks to examine the model of government accountability for protecting Indonesian migrant workers in China. The expected goal of this research is to make a positive contribution to the legal protection system for Indonesian migrant workers in China that is in harmony with justice and can create a sense of peace and security for Indonesian migrant workers in China. This research was carried out with an empirical juridical approach by analyzing primary data by searching for data by going directly to the field and then analyzing it with legal materials, especially primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Data observation will be carried out using field studies connected with the subject matter studied. The findings and novelties in this study indicate that migrant workers are often objects of human rights violations, such as not getting guaranteed rights and placements when the migrant workers go abroad through illegal labor suppliers. Especially in this case, the crew from Indonesia works on the Chinese ship, the Longxing Ship. This study concludes that problems related to migrant workers must get full attention and protection from the Government because it concerns the safety of Indonesian citizens. Therefore, in this case, the Tegal Regency Manpower and Transmigration Office, the Government must provide full protection to Indonesian migrant workers. In particular are crew members from Indonesia who work on Chinese ships.
Pengembangan Literasi dalam Buku Teks Panggelar Basa Sunda Untuk SMA/SMK/MAK Kelas XI
Authors: Ulum Iip Ropiatul , Haerudin Dingding
Published: July 2022

This research was motivated by the discovery of literacy development contained in Sundanese language textbooks at the SMA/SMK/MA/MAK equivalent level. This literacy development is important to be studied further, so that it can be used as a model in the application of literacy development to students. Based on this background, this study aims to describe the development of literacy contained in the Panggelar Basa Sunda text book for students of SMA/SMK/MA/MAK class XI. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative by using literature study technique. The research data source is a Sundanese language textbook entitled Panggelar Basa Sunda pikeun SMA/SMK/MA/MAK students class XI 2013 revised 2017 curriculum, while the research data are 8 KD or 8 chapters contained in the contents of the textbook. After being analyzed, the textbook has criteria that are very feasible and easy to understand. The development of highly qualified literacy is able to support more competent, creative, productive resources and have high fighting values ​​in facing the era of globalization.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Masa Studi Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Jawa FBS UNY
Authors: Ekowati Venny Indria , Wuryanto Sugeng Tri
Published: July 2022

This study aims at testing hypotheses formulated from theoretical studies. The hypotheses stated that the thesis supervisor, gender, and motivation affected the length of the thesis writing process and the Grade Point Average (henceforth: GPA), as well as impacting the study period. It is a quantitative research using mediation effect analysis (path analysis methods). In this study, there was no sampling as all populations were taken as respondents. Respondents in this study were 98 students of the Javanese education study program, Faculty of Language and Arts, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia (PPBJ FBS UNY). The results showed that there was no significant influence of thesis consultation processes and motivation on the length of the thesis writing, there was no significant influence of thesis supervisor and motivation using the length of the thesis writing period on the study period, and there was no significant influence between gender and motivation of gaining higher GPA, however, yet, there was a significant direct influence of gender on GPA and motivation of gaining higher GPA, there was no significant influence of gender and motivation using GPA on the study period, however, there was a significant direct influence of gender on the study period, and there was a significant direct influence of the length of the thesis writing and GPA on the study period. Related to the findings of the research above, it is necessary to make various efforts so that students' intrinsic motivation is more awakened so that learning achievement will be better, and thesis duration and the study period is shorter.
Javanese Language of Learning Strategy Management to Skills Improve During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Widanarti Widanarti , Mahmudah Fitri Nur
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the management of Javanese learning strategies in improving student skills during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used in this research is qualitative. The data source is high school students. Data collection techniques using participatory observation. This research procedure uses the Stake model. The results of this study provide information related to strategies that need to be carried out by teachers in Javanese language learning, starting from plan, strategy, practice, and evaluation. Each component has novelties and different findings in the context of Javanese language learning during the Covi-19 pandemic. This research is recommended for all teachers to be able to understand the strategies needed in the learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic and remotely so that student skills can improve and good learning outcomes.
Podcast Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) sebagai Media Pembelajaran Kompetensi Berbicara bagi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa & Sastra Jawa FBS UNNES
Authors: Widagdo Sungging
Published: July 2022

This research was conducted to solve problems related to the Javanese speaking skills of PBSJ FBS UNNES students. For this reason, the development of IoT-based teaching media through podcasts is believed to be able to overcome these learning problems. Moreover, the development of the era provides space for the growth of information technology as a teaching medium that is easily accessible. Therefore, the formulation of this problem is proposed to answer the validity of research and development of IoT-based teaching media in the Javanese language achieved through R & D adaptation of the Dick, Carey, & Carey model. The results of this study are as follows. (1) IoT media speaking Javanese is able to answer the needs of research targets related to writing skills, creative power, and imagination. (2) Based on the validity test, satisfactory content validity was obtained for the Java language-speaking IoT media. For this reason, the product of this research can be used as teaching material, teaching media, theoretical foundation, as well as a reference for lecturers, students, or other researchers.
Media Pembelajaran Mengenai Kosakata Bahasa Jawa Krama Untuk Anak SD Berbasis Animasi Motion Graphic
Authors: Amien Ali Rachmad Pratama
Published: July 2022

Indonesia has various languages, one of which is Javanese. Javanese is the language used to communicate by people from the Javanese tribe. In the world of education, Javanese is included in elementary school learning in areas such as East Java. But not a few children who have difficulty in learning about learning the Java language so that it can trigger a lack of understanding of the Java language properly and correctly, especially the Java language Krama. Therefore, the need for a media that is useful for helping children in learning about Java language Krama. This paper focuses on designing a motion graphic animation instructional media that is effective and attractive to help children in learning about Krama Java language vocabulary using qualitative methods such as interviews and observation.
Analisis Sistem Pembelajaran Daring (SPADA) dalam Mata Kuliah Menulis Teks Berbahasa Jawa
Authors: Veronika Prima
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze the Online Learning System (SPADA) in the Javanese Text Writing course. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study using interpretive methods presented in the form of a description. The research subjects were students of the Java Language Education Study Program (PBJ) FKIP UNS semester II or the 2020 batch of 74 people. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique which only focused on students who were taking the MTBJ course in the even semester of 2021. The data collection technique used a questionnaire or questionnaire technique. The analysis technique used is data collection, data processing and giving conclusions. Data processing is presented in the form of a brief description or detailed narrative text. The data that has been obtained are categorized and then conclusions are drawn. The results showed that students got various conveniences and benefits, such as ease of remembering lecture history, improvement of IT skills, ease of sending assignments, ease of understanding theory and improving skills as well as increasing the effectiveness of the lecture process. The SPADA features or menus that are much favored by students while attending MTBJ lectures, which can increase the effectiveness of lectures are discussion forums, assignments, course materials, and my dashboard. Some improvements that must be made by SPADA are related to upgrading the system, added features, and lecturer skills improvement.
Pengaruh E-Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar Jawa Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 1 Sugihan Jatirogo Tuban
Authors: Alawiyah Sukma Wibawati , Anggraeni Sri Prastiti Kusuma
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to analyze the effect of e-learning on the learning outcomes of fourth grade Javanese script students at SD Negeri Sugihan Jatirogo Tuban. This study used an experimental method with the research design was the control group pretest-posttest design, namely experimental research conducted on two groups of classes. In implementing this study, students were given a pretest. Then, after being given a different treatment between the controller class and the experimental class, a posttest was carried out. The test given was in the form of multiple choice test. In addition to the test, there were also supporting data in the form of interview questionnaires for the parents of fourth grade students. The results obtained that the posttest average score of the experimental class students was (80,96), that showed it was increased significantly compared to before receiving treatment (51,68). This study concluded the effect of learning on the learning outcomes of fourth grade Javanese script students at SD Negeri 1 Sugihan Jatirogo Tuban. The learning obstacle of e-learning based at SD N 1 Sugihan, Jatirogo, Tuban was inadequate internet network facilities.
Keterampilan Berbicara Bahasa Jawa Ragam Krama Menggunakan Media Fun Learning Mat
Authors: ATIN SRI - , Ikhwan Afiful - , Arif Zainal
Published: July 2022

This study was conducted to describe the use of media fun learning mat in an effort to improve Javanese speaking skills, the variety of manners of fifth grade students is still low. Sources of data in this study were students of class V MI Muhammadiyah 10 Yanggong a total of 16 students. The data collection technique is done by interview, observation, test and documentation. The use of this media has a positive impact including; students are more active in learning activities, self-confidence increases, learning activities are more memorable and fun and students' oral test scores have increased with the percentage of classical completeness 87.50%. So it can be said that the use of fun learning mat media is able to improve the Javanese language speaking skills in a variety of manners, and is expected to be able to motivate students to practice it in everyday life.
Mixed Speech Styles in Two Single-Gendered Occupational Groups: Identities in Interaction
Authors: Pinkevičienė Dalia
Published: July 2022

This paper qualitatively examines mixed speech styles within the context of two single-gendered white-collar Lithuania-based workplaces situated in Vilnius: an IT company and a company producing cosmetics (COSM). In Lithuanian contexts, mixed speech styles could be broadly defined as a flow of speech consisting of linguistic resources from languages other than Lithuanian (mainly English and Russian) incorporated into otherwise Lithuanian talk. The paper focuses on situated usage of mixed speech styles employed in talk at work. It aims to see how the linguistic enactment of mixed speech styles varies according to the working team and how such variation may influence the construction of participants’ complex identities. The research is based on naturally occurring recorded speech, and the method applied could be determined as ethnographically informed Interactional Sociolinguistics. The analysis shows that the two single-gendered communities of practice examined do not draw on the same non-native linguistic resources and that such dissimilar speaker choices and identity work can be predetermined by an intricate interplay of social and situational factors.
The influence of technologies on the workplace, employees and organizational culture in the postCovid-19 era
Authors: Ahmad Riaz
Published: July 2022

Work and employment are being impacted significantly by the COVID19 pandemic. This paper tried to discuss important research that affect the new technologies used in the surveillance and monitoring of workforce in the post-Covid 19 era. Looking back at the published research, news and business magazine articles from a theoretical perspective, the new monitoring and surveillance technologies are affecting employees work and personal life which is vital to study and bring new insights for further research and practice. Thus, it is of utmost importance to study new technologies and their effect on employees’ work attitude. We conclude that it is critical that employees and their organizations be included in the evaluation and subsequent adaptation to working remotely of the insights acquired from the pandemic situation.
Researching the 1980s competitions in Kyiv – preconditions of the After Socialist Modernism
Authors: Anisimov Oleksandr
Published: July 2022

The 1980s recently became a contested period in the architectural and urban planning history of Eastern Europe and the FSU countries. Situated within the Socialist Modernism timeframe, it at the same time forms a link to the manifold political and economic change happening in 1989\1991. While professionals posed radical questions about the core issues of the Socialist socio-spatial development and acquired new sensibilities towards history and locality, their influence on decision-making often remained seriously restrained by the construction industry.In Kyiv as well as in most of the big cities of the USSR, however, a change in the approach towards areas in the city center was visible – competitions, discussions, and iterative design were becoming a new norm for the architects and planners. In this paper, three projects on the block scale are reviewed in detail. These chosen competition projects became the watershed between modernist and after-modernist approaches to planning, showcasing new contextualized spatial solutions. What standards had been formed and what were the long-term impacts on the planning processes are the issues given the first attempt to answer. The intention of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the recent past towards intensifying the discourse about the sources of the present of urban development in Kyiv and beyond.
Старе місто в Ельблонгу: постмодерна історична пам’ятка
Authors: Флоріан Урбан
Published: July 2022

Знамените історичне Старе місто в Ельблонгу, місті на півночі Польщі, під час Другої світової війни було повністю зруйновано. Декілька повоєнних десятиліть воно стояло занедбане, а з 1979 року почалася його відбудова з нуля у постмодерному стилі. Заохочувала зведення нових яскравих будівель за історичними мотивами місцева головна уповноважена зі збереження пам’яток Марія Любоцька-Гоффманн, фінансування ж надходило з ринкової економіки, яка тоді відроджувалася в Польщі. Оскільки відбудова відбувалася на тлі пристосування міжнародного тренду до відновлення старого міста, то джерела архітектури цих нових будівель були дещо іншими, ніж на Заході. Вони брали початок із розширеної концепції збереження історичних пам’яток, а на меті мали узгодити суперечливі прагнення. А саме: контроверсійне минуле міста, яке до 1945 року було німецьким, — із прагненням до місцевої ідентичності та відчутної історичності попри історичний розбрат; а також встановлення традиційних принципів містобудування, таких як невеликий масштаб та змішане використання, — у сучасному середовищі
American Relief Administration (ARA) in Katerinoslav Region in 1922–1923: The Problem of Relations with the Government and the Population
Authors: Ivanenko Valentyn , Hovorukha Vladyslav
Published: July 2022

The aim of the article is an analytical reconstruction of the specific and contradictory dynamics of the ARA’s relations with local authorities and the population of Yekaterinoslav during the famine of 1921–1923. Research methods: dialectical, analytical, historical-systemic, comparative. Main results. It is established that during the years of independence domestic historiography has made a real breakthrough in the study of previously taboo topics of the so-called “naked nerves” of our Soviet history, in particular, the famine of 1921–1923 in the Southern Ukraine and the unique phenomenon of international support including Yekaterinoslav. It is proved that the undisputed leader among foreign charitable missions was the American Relief Administration (ARA), which effectively realized its powerful potential to create appropriate resources (financial, logistical, personnel), organized large-scale relief actions, saved lives of millions of Ukrainians. It is shown that the process of emergence, adaptation and deployment of ARA in the Yekaterinoslav region was not cloudless, sometimes contradictory, accompanied by certain misunderstandings and problematic situations in its relations with local authorities and the population, and even blocking certain actions of Americans. This course of events was largely explained by the novelty of the format of foreign humanitarian aid to starving citizens in the mysterious Bolshevik state, the manifestations of elements of ideological and mental “dissent”, suspicion and distrust on both sides. However, in general, this did not prevent the ARA branches from ensuring their uninterrupted and dynamic functioning throughout the campaign in order to organize broad support for the starving population of the Yekaterinoslav region and the Southern Ukraine. Originality: a significant array of mostly unpublished archival sources is discovered, systematized and impartially used. Scientific novelty: almost for the first time at the regional level the character, features and problematic situations in the relations of ARA with local authorities and the population of Yekaterinoslav region in the hungry 1922–1923 are revealed. Practical significance: the materials of the article can be used for further research of foreign charity organizations in Yekaterinoslav during the famine of the early 1920s, as well as during the writing of generalizing works on the history of the Soviet famines in Ukraine, in the educational process at the historical faculties of universities. Type of article: analytical.
TUMOR PHYLLODES MALIGNO
Authors: Rockbrand Campos Leyla Priscilla , Valverde Alexander Blanco
Published: July 2022

Los tumores phyllodes (TP) son neoplasias extremadamente infrecuentes que generalmente son benignas. Los pacientes con tumores phyllodes generalmente presentan una masa caracterizado por un rápido crecimiento en un corto período de tiempo. Nuestra paciente se auto palpo con una masa mama derecha con rápido crecimiento. Al biopsiar la masa es diagnosticado con tumor maligno phyllodes, se extirpa con márgenes adecuados, y luego se presentó con recidiva, operándola y volviendo hacer recidiva consecutivamente. Las biopsias comprobaron un tumor phyllodes maligno de alto grado, el cual se comportó muy agresivo. El objetivo de este informe de caso es aumentar la conciencia de estos tumores y sus presentaciones potencialmente inusuales para permitir a los médicos la capacidad de reconocer estas neoplasias antes y reconocer la necesidad de un abordaje.
Constitutional identity in the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Orbán Endre
Published: July 2022

Court rulings and publications on constitutional identity have spread in a sort of viral way since the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty in 2009. Accordingly, many scholars analyse the possible sources of the term and the risks associated with its use, including the fact that opponents of constitutional democracy can use it as a great weapon, as there is no objective standard in terms of its content. In this regard two different positions can be distinguished concerning the function of the constitutional identity clause and the determination of the content elements of the constitutional identity. The first perspective looks at the notion of identity as a manifestation of Euroscepticism, according to which the identity clause is in fact a possible form of derogation under obligations deriving from European integration. In contrast, the second perspective leads to a cooperative interpretation of the concept of identity, if you like, an integration-friendly dissolution of the concept of sovereignty in a sort of post-Westphalian meaning of identity, which can be linked to the concept of ‘unity in diversity’. Accordingly, Article 4 (2) TEU allows for the articulation of individual Member State specificities and establishes a mechanism in which different Member State and supranational perspectives can be harmoniously aligned with each other. This paper looks at Article 4 (2) TEU as an embodiment of the idea of ‘cooperative constitutionalism’ having the function of a ‘valve’ and presents all the relevant cases where constitutional identity as a legal standard has been raised in front of the Court of Justice of the European Union up to 2020.
Effect of rapid EEG on anti‐seizure medication usage
Authors: Kurup Deepika , Davey Zachary , Hoang Phuong , Wu Connie , Werbaneth Katherine , Shah Varun , Hirsch Karen G. , Govindarajan Prasanthi , Meador Kimford J.
Published: July 2022

Objective. To study how early diagnoses from rapid EEG (rEEG) during the initial evaluation of patients with suspected non‐convulsive seizures correlates with changes in anti‐seizure medication (ASM) use.

Methods. We performed a retrospective chart review of 100 consecutive adult patients at an academic medical center who underwent rEEG monitoring for suspected non‐convulsive seizures. We collected information on the timing of ASM administration and categorized EEG diagnoses as seizures (SZ), highly epileptiform patterns (HEP), or normal or slow activity (NL/SL). We used a χ2 test to determine whether the use of ASMs was significantly different between SZ/HEP and NL/SL cases.

Results. Of 100 patients, SZ were found in 5%, HEP in 14%, and no epileptiform/ictal activity in 81%. Forty‐six percent of patients had received ASM(s) before rEEG. While 84% of HEP/SZ cases were started or continued on ASMs, only 51% of NL/SL cases were started or continued on ASMs after rEEG (χ2 [1, n=100] = 7.09, p=0.008). Thirty‐seven patients had received sedation (i.e., propofol or dexmedetomidine) prior to rEEG. In 15 patients (13/30 NL/SL, 2/7 HEP/SZ), sedation was discontinued following rEEG.

Significance. Our study demonstrates that seizures were rapidly ruled out with rEEG in 81% of patients while 19% of patients were rapidly identified as having seizures or being at higher risk for seizures. The rapid evaluation of patients correlated with a significant reduction in ASM treatment in NL/SL cases compared to HEP/SZ cases. Thus, early access to EEG information may lead to more informed and targeted management of patients suspected to have nonconvulsive seizures.
QuEChERS yöntemi ile Troia tarım alanları topraklarında insektisit kalıntılarının belirlenmesi
Authors: POLAT Burak , TİRYAKİ Osman
Published: July 2022

Extensive and misuse of pesticides can cause to toxicity to humans and pollution in the environment. The primary objective of this study was to determine insecticide load of agricultural soils of Troia, located in Troia National Park of Çanakkale Province (Türkiye) by the QuEChERS method. For method verification, blank soil samples were spiked at two levels of pesticides. The overall recovery was 84.8% with a relative standard deviation of 13.0% (n = 230), with the values within acceptable recovery (60-140%) and repeatability (≤20%) ranges set by SANTE. Forty-nine soil samples were collected in the study area in 2020. Thirty-six samples had insecticide residues at varying concentrations. Overall, 23 insecticide residues were detected at different frequencies. The most frequent pesticides were: chlorantraniliprole> imidacloprid> pyridaben> clothianidin> indoxacarb (in decreasing order). Mean concentration of insecticide residues in soils varied between 0.99-77.7 µg/kg. Imidacloprid residues were detected in all fields, except cabbage fields. The highest imidacloprid concentration (23.3 µg/kg) was detected in pepper fields. Imidacloprid was detected in 21 samples with a mean concentration of 6.20 µg/kg. Persistent insecticides with the long half-lives, such as chlorantraniliprole, imidacloprid, and clothianidin, were detected in almost all samples.
La propaganda como termómetro de la lucha armada: el caso del Emirato del Cáucaso (2010-2019)
Authors: Tarín-Sanz Adrián
Published: July 2022

Este artículo tiene como objetivo aportar datos complementarios, fiables y replicables sobre el conteo de víctimas provocadas por las guerrillas del Cáucaso norte, para explicar su actual debilidad. La metodología empleada es el análisis de contenido de todas las publicaciones realizadas entre 2010 y 2019 en su órgano oficial de propaganda, Kavkaz Center. Esto se complementa con un análisis del contexto histórico. Se concluye que existe una coincidencia general en el aumento y la disminución de las variables producción propagandística y víctimas causadas a lo largo del tiempo. Por tanto, el escrutinio de la propaganda de las guerrillas ayuda a conocer su vigor con mayor certidumbre que si solo se tiene en cuenta el número de ataques perpetrados. Replicar el análisis en otros contextos permitiría conocer si puede establecerse una norma en ese sentido.
Trata de menores con fines de explotación sexual: estrategias de prevención en la región de Bogotá
Authors: Díaz-Cruz Paula-Cristina , Rodríguez-Lizarralde Carolina
Published: July 2022

La trata de personas es un crimen transnacional que se concentra sobre todo en la modalidad de explotación sexual. Sus principales víctimas son mujeres y niñas. El objetivo del artículo es presentar las estrategias de prevención frente a la trata de niñas, niños y adolescentes que se identifican en el accionar de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil en la región de Bogotá, Colombia. A partir de las técnicas de entrevista y encuesta, se consolida información en una matriz de Índice de Capacidades Organizacionales (ICO) y se hace una medición frente a las estrategias identificadas desde organizacionales nacionales e internacionales, y los desafíos que se desprenden para abordar el fenómeno. Se concluye que el desconocimiento de las formas en que opera el mercado de la trata de personas y la falta de estrategias que asuman los impactos de estas prácticas mercantiles y lucrativas dejan rezagadas a las organizaciones ante un delito que surge de las desigualdades socioeconómicas estructurales y que se transforma constantemente.

 

Abstract

Human trafficking is a transnational crime that is mainly concentrated in the form of sexual exploitation. Most of the victims are women and girls. The objective of the article is to identify the prevention strategies against trafficking of children and adolescents identified in the actions of civil society organizations in the Bogotá region, Colombia. Based on the methods of the interview and the survey, with the consolidation of the information in an Organizational Capabilities Index matrix, a measurement is made, according to the strategies of national and international organizations, and the challenges for understanding the phenomenon. It is concluded that ignorance of the ways in which the human trafficking market operates and the lack of strategies that assume the impacts of these commercial and lucrative practices leaves organizations behind in the face of a crime that arises from structural socioeconomic inequalities and is constantly changing.
From Offsetting to Emulation: A Neoclassical Realist Analysis of Russia’s Internal Balancing Strategies
Authors: Dall'Agnol Augusto
Published: July 2022

In 2008, Russia began to implement its largest military reform since the creation of the Red Army in 1918. Previous attempts at reforms in 1992, 1997, and 2003 did not result in fundamental transformations to the country’s military. Why was the 2008 military reform successful while others were not? This article uses the comparative-historical method to identify the causal mechanisms between Russia’s level of external threat, state capacity, and internal balancing strategies adopted since 1991. It advances Neoclassical Realism’s systemic and unit-level variables by building on the long-established contributions from Strategic Studies and Historical Sociology instead of relying on other International Relations theories. It concludes that the success of Russia’s military reforms in the post-Cold War period depended on the simultaneous existence of three conditions: the possibility of disrupting strategic stability, its ability to extract and mobilize societal resources, and the presence of some event of proven ineffectiveness. Under scenarios in which only one or two of these conditions were present, Russia carried out only partial military reforms. The article sheds light on three often-neglected drivers of Russia’s military reform by Western analysts: its enduring emphasis on interstate competition, strategic stability, and mid-to-high intensity conventional warfare.
Flujos financieros ilícitos, lavado de dinero y política
Authors: King Katiuska , Belikow Juan
Published: July 2022

El lavado de dinero es uno de los componentes de los flujos financieros ilícitos (FFI) que han sido definidos en las agendas multilaterales de desarrollo. Si bien el lavado es conocido y se considera recurrente en los temas de seguridad, el financiamiento de actividades ilícitas es menos analizado, en parte, por la menor disponibilidad de información. Este artículo analiza el lavado desde la perspectiva de la economía política internacional. Para ello, se consideran tres casos específicos que permiten distinguir las diferencias en las distribuciones de los recursos, no solo financieros. Se encuentra que la política juega un rol fundamental en su control y que existen tratamientos visiblemente diferenciados entre el Sur y el Norte globales.
Abstract
Money laundering is one of the components of illicit financial flows (IFFs) that have been defined in multilateral development agendas. While laundering is both well-known and recurrent in security issues, the financing issues of illicit activities are less analyzed, in part, because of the limited availability of information. This article analyzes laundering from an international political economy perspective. It considers three specific cases to distinguish the differences in the distribution of resources, not only financial. It is found that politics plays a fundamental role in its control and that there are visibly differentiated treatments between the global South and North.
MIMICKING SISYPHUS? AN EVALUATION OF THE KNOW YOUR CUSTOMER POLICY
Authors: IL van Jaarsveld
Published: July 2022

Until recently South Africa had reason to consider its anti-money laundering efforts to be comparable with those of the international community. Not only does the country have a comprehensive anti-money laundering regime in place, but its Know Your Customer (KYC) policy compares favourably with policies in place elsewhere. That was the position until recently when a report by the International Monetary Fund criticised South Africa for the apparent failure to successfully prosecute money laundering offenders. This contribution investigates the reasons for the failure. Since banks are compelled to report transactions that involve dirty money to the authorities in terms of the KYC policy, the nature of dirty money is evaluated against the relevant provisions of the Financial Intelligence Centre Act of 2001. It is suggested that much of the blame for the failure to identify and prosecute money launderers can be attributed to the nature of dirty money and the lack of guidance in how to identify it.
AN OVERVIEW OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT: LIABILITY OF THE EMPLOYER
Authors: André Mukheibir  , Liezel Ristow
Published: July 2022

In the last number of years several labour laws dealing with the issue of sexual harassment have been passed, however, the common law of delict still provides valuable remedies for the victim of sexual harassment. This article attempts to juxtapose the common law and statutory law pertaining to sexual harassment in the light of important decisions by both the Supreme Court of Appeal and Constitutional Court reported during 2005. In this article the liability of the employer at both common law and in terms of statutory law will be reviewed.
THE REGULATION OF CORPORATE CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN SOUTH AFRICA: A CLOSE LOOK* (PART 1)
Authors: Dorothy Farisani
Published: July 2022

Like many other countries South Africa is faced with the challenge of dealing with corporations that commit crimes. In this article the concept of corporate criminal liability in the South African context will be closely examined with the aim of highlighting its importance. The discussion will include, inter alia, the basis for corporate criminal liability in South Africa, the common law regulation of corporatecriminal liability, the development of the statutory regulation thereof, as well as constitutional aspects of corporate criminal liability.
PRINCIPLES GOVERNING SENTENCE ON A CHARGE OF DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF INTOXICATING LIQUOR OR DRUGS
Authors: Shannon Hoctor
Published: July 2022

Section 65 of the National Road Traffic Act 93 of 1996 creates a number of offences relating to drink-driving (all references to statutory provisions which follow refer to this Act). The primary rationale for these provisions is the protection of the public (R v Bezuidenhout 1953 2 SA 18 (SR) 19E; R v Kerr 1961 4 SA 476 (SR) 478A; and S v Williamson 1972 2 SA 140 (N) 144E-F). This note seeks to outline the principles which a court will consider in imposing sentence in respect of the most serious of these offences: driving under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs, contained in section 65(1)(a) of the Act. (The note will follow a similar structure to the discussionin Cooper Motor Law Volume I (1982) 575-579, and readers seeking references to earlier case law in point are referred to this discussion.)
COHABITATION AND THE SAME-SEX MARRIAGE. A COMPLEX JIGSAW PUZZLE Minister of Home Affairs v Fourie; Lesbian and Gay Equality Project v Minister of Home Affairs 2006 3 BCLR 355 (CC)
Authors: Mothokoa Mamashela  , Marita Carnelley
Published: July 2022

The aim of this note is, firstly, to give an overview of the Constitutional Court (CC) judgment in Fourie v Minister of Home Affairs; secondly, to discuss the consequences of same-sex marriages; thirdly, to highlight certain areas of the law that require legislative intervention to clarify the application of common law rules to same-sex spouses; and, lastly, to examine the discrepancy that will exist after December 2006 between same-sex and heterosexual cohabitees.
DIE TOEPASSING VAN DIE CONTRA PROFERENTEM-REËL IN DIE VERTOLKING VAN FORMELE ERKENNINGS IN STRAFREGTELIKE VERRIGTINGE S v Groenewald 2005 2 SASV 597 (HHA)
Authors: Pieter du Toit
Published: July 2022

Artikel 220 van die Strafproseswet 51 van 1977 bepaal dat ’n beskuldigde of sy of haar regsadviseur of die aanklaer in strafregtelike verrigtinge ’n feit kan erken wat by daardie verrigtinge in geskil geplaas is en dat sodanige erkenning voldoende bewys is van daardie feit. Artikel 220 het nie altyd ’n verwysing na die aanklaer bevat nie omdat die Staat in elk geval in terme van die gemenereg formele erkennings mag maak. Die gemenereg erken egter nie die maak van formele erkennings deur die verdediging nie (sien Schwikkard en Van der Merwe Principles of Evidence 2ed (2002) 442-443). Dit verklaar dan ook waarom die wetgewer eers in 1996 ’n wysiging aan dieStrafproseswet aangebring het ten einde die aanklaer ook toe te laat om erkennings in terme van artikel 220 te maak (sien artikel 12 van die Strafproseswysigingswet 86 van 1996). In die saak van S v Groenewald (2005 2 SASV 597 (HHA), hierna “Groenewald”) wat hier onder die loep geneem word, was die Hoogste Hof van Appèl geroepe om ’n bevinding te maak rakende die betekenis en die effek van ’n formele erkenning gemaak deur die verdediging waar die erkenning onversoenbaar was met die saak vir die Staat. Die Staat het geen beswaar gehad teen die formulering van die erkenning op die stadium toe dit gemaak is nie. Hierdie uitspraak bied ’n nuwe perspektief op die tradisionele benadering tot die vertolking van formele erkennings wat gemaak word in strafregtelike verrigtinge.
Comprehension Profile of Patient Education Materials in Endocrine Care
Authors: Singh Som , Qureshi Fahad , Borthwick Kiera , Singh Sagar , Menon Shreya , Barthel Brandon
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The internet is an ever-evolving resource to improve healthcare literacy among patients. The nature of the internet can make it difficult to condense educational materials in a manner applicable to a worldwide patient audience. Within the realm of endocrinology, there is a lack of a comprehensive analysis regarding these pathologies in addition to educational materials related to their medical workup and management. The aim of this study is to assess contemporary online patient education material in endocrinology and management of care.
Methods. Analysis of the readability of 1500 unique online education materials was performed utilizing 7 readability measures: Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Gunning Fog Index Readability Formula (FOG), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook Index (SMOG), Coleman-Liau Index (CLI), automated readability index (ARI), and Linsear Write Formula (LWF).
Results. The average grade level readability scores from 6 measures (FKGL, FOG, SMOG, CLI, ARI, LWF) was ≥11 which corresponds to a reading level at or above the 11th grade. The average FRE between adrenal, diabetes and thyroid-related education material ranged between “fairly difficult” to “very difficult”.
Conclusions. The current readability of contemporary online endocrine education material does not meet current readability recommendations for appropriate comprehension of the general audience.
Aprender ciencias para aprender a leer y escribir
Authors: Galfrascoli Adrián
Published: July 2022

Este artículo expone las reflexiones derivadas de una experiencia desarrollada con niños del Nivel Inicial en Argentina, durante el periodo de aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio, en la que se articula la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales y la enseñanza de la lectoescritura. La enseñanza de la ciencia suele estar ausente en la etapa de educación infantil. Existen algunos supuestos del profesorado que llevan a postergar la enseñanza de los contenidos de la ciencia escolar para cuando los niños saben leer y escribir convencionalmente. Sin embargo, negar la enseñanza de la ciencia a edades tempranas bajo cualquier argumento debe considerarse una discriminación hacia el niño. El trabajo muestra que es posible implementar estrategias de alfabetización científica, combinadas con una propuesta de alfabetización inicial. Así pues, se diseñó, implementó y evaluó una secuencia didáctica sobre el modelo de ser vivo adaptada para el contexto de educación a distancia mediada por tic. Los resultados señalan que el uso de WhatsApp es efectivo para sostener el vínculo pedagógico, pues se vuelve evidente que entre la docente y los estudiantes emerge un nuevo actor que no se encontraba presente en el sistema didáctico característico de la presencialidad. En este contexto, otro adulto (familiar), generalmente sin formación docente, actúa como mediador en la enseñanza, donde la buena comunicación con ellos impide que la propuesta fracase. El trabajo coordinado posibilitó que los niños pong situaciones comunicativas genuinas con algunas herramientas del lenguaje escrito convencional.
Fortalecimiento de la identidad ambiental. Una propuesta educativa experiencial y holística
Authors: Giraldo-Bernal María Alejandra
Published: July 2022

Este artículo surge de la experiencia de práctica pedagógica integral que fue realizada durante el primer semestre del año 2017, con estudiantes del grado noveno en el inem Lorenzo María Lleras de Montería. Esta actividad abordó el reconocimiento del ambiente desde los saberes sobre la diversidad biocultural y vegetal, que condujeran a una transformación en la manera de visibilizar el ambiente y un sentido de apropiación por la institución. A partir del trabajo realizado y de las reflexiones emergentes, se vio la importancia de profundizar en una propuesta de educación ambiental que involucrara los aspectos sociales, la familia, los valores culturales, entre otros elementos, para fortalecer la identidad ambiental y que, adicionalmente, aportara al prae de la institución. El objetivo de la propuesta educativa elaborada, era contribuir al fortalecimiento de la identidad ambiental de estudiantes del grado noveno, con el fin de que comprendieran que el entramado de relaciones que han venido tejiendo su identidad, siendo el producto de las interacciones entre el yo, el otro y la otredad, en los diferentes periodos de tiempo. Esto, a su vez les aportara una nueva forma de construir una identidad ambiental más resiliente y armónica, partiendo de una postura holística, contextual y cargada de historicidad. En ese sentido la propuesta se abordó desde un enfoque holístico y experiencial, pues ello invitaba a vincular a los estudiantes y maestros en procesos contextuales de su ambiente, pero de manera relacional y a su vez propiciando sentimientos, vivencias y conocimientos que pudieran ser apropiados y utilizados en la construcción de su ambiente presente y futuro. Igualmente, se buscó generar alternativas de educación ambiental en la escuela bajo una mirada contextualizada, histórica, dinámica y sistémica, que permitiera hacer frente a los impactos negativos que han generado los modelos de desarrollo mercantilistas, los cuales permean la identidad cultural, las relaciones ser humano-naturaleza y, por ende, las prácticas educativas.
¡Pongámosle lógica! Aportes al pensamiento crítico, la argumentación y la comprensión lectora a partir del aprendizaje de la lógica formal
Authors: Hernández Rodríguez Juan Camilo , Rodríguez Ortiz Angélica María
Published: July 2022

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación en torno a los aportes de la lógica proposicional (bases formales con tendencia a la argumentación analítica) en el desarrollo de dos competencias fundamentales del pensamiento crítico: argumentación y comprensión de textos. Como recursos se utilizaron textos filosóficos continuos. El estudio fue cualitativo con alcance descriptivo. La metodología utilizada fue la investigación-acción. Luego de realizar la intervención en el aula se hallaron como resultados que movilizar a los estudiantes del paso del lenguaje formal al lenguaje natural fortalece el desarrollo de habilidades para la lectura inferencial, creativa y crítica. Asimismo, al realizar la formalización, los estudiantes adquirieron elementos para evaluar discursos propios y ajenos, en aras de encontrar debilidades de estos e iniciar un proceso de reestructuración de sus argumentos basados en el modelo toulminiano. Con ello se evidenció que, contrario a lo que en ocasiones parece sugerir el mismo Toulmin, el aprendizaje de la lógica proposicional no es un obstáculo para el desarrollo de competencias como la argumentación, sino que, bien aprovechada, puede ser un gran medio útil para que los estudiantes puedan, a partir de criterios más sólidos y explícitos, estructurar mejor sus razonamientos y valorar de una manera más certera los de sus congéneres.
Enseñanza de la historia de África en Costa Rica: hacia un cambio de paradigma
Authors: Arroyo-Oconitrillo Wilson
Published: July 2022

Este artículo analiza la transformación curricular de la asignatura Ense.anza de los Estudios Sociales en la educación secundaria en Costa Rica, con respecto a los contenidos referentes a la historia de África. A partir del análisis comparativo del texto de las versiones del programa de los años 2003 y 2016, se busca evidenciar los avances, deficiencias y retos en la transformación curricular, frente a la reproducción de una perspectiva eurocentrista al abordar estos contenidos, considerando el impacto de las recientes reformas políticas que reconocen el carácter multiétnico y pluricultural de esta nación. Este artículo se aproxima comparativamente a la transformación curricular de esa asignatura, a partir del análisis de texto de las versiones de programa de los años 2003 y 2016. Así pues, se evidencian los avances, deficiencias y retos en la transformación curricular frente a la reproducción de una perspectiva eurocentrista al abordar estos contenidos.
Hegemonía epistémica racializada en el currículo de Ciencias Naturales: otra forma de naturalizar y reproducir el racismo en la escuela
Authors: Beltrán Castillo María Juliana
Published: July 2022

Este artículo de investigación discute sobre la permanencia de la hegemonía epistémica racializadaen el currículo de Ciencias Naturales, al analizar el grado de racialización de los textos escolares publicados en Colombia antes y después de la Constitución Política de 1991, pues tal hegemonía configura otra forma de naturalizar y reproducir el racismo en la escuela. La metodología utilizada en el texto fue de corte cualitativa e interpretativa, con un diseño metodológico basado en el análisis de contenido. Al respecto, se encontró un grado de racialización terciario (nivel ii) para los textos escolares publicados durante los años 1980 a 1990 y un grado de racialización secundario (nivel i) para los textos entre el 2000 y el 2010, a partir de la mediación de los contenidos de los textos, con relación a las manifestaciones de racismo científico y al uso de la expresión raza.