bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A structural and thermodynamic study of the complexes of U(vi) with azinecarboxylates
Authors: Lv Lina , Chen Baihua , Liu Jun , Chen Jing , Xu Chao , Yang Yanqiu
Published: November 2018

Complexation of U(vi) with pyridazine-3-carboxylate (PDZ) and pyrazine-2-carboxylate (PAZ) was studied by spectrophotometry, potentiometry and microcalorimetry in 1.0 mol dm−3 NaClO4.
Deciphering crystal packing effects in the spin crossover of six [FeII(2-pic)3]Cl2solvatomorphs
Authors: Vela Sergi , Paulsen Hauke
Published: November 2018

Six isostructural solvatomorphs of the same Fe(ii) complex have been reported to display completely different SCO transitions due to tiny differences in their crystal environments. In this paper, we unravel the reasons.
Titanium dioxide nanofibers induce angiogenic markers and genomic instability in lung cells leading to a highly dedifferentiated and fibrotic tumor formation in a xenograft model
Authors: Medina-Reyes Estefany I. , Delgado-Buenrostro Norma L. , Déciga-Alcaraz Alejandro , Freyre-Fonseca Verónica , Flores-Flores José O. , Hernández-Pando Rogelio , Barrios-Payán Jorge , Carrero Julio C. , Sánchez-Pérez Yesennia , García-Cuéllar Claudia M. , Vaca-Paniagua Felipe , Chirino Yolanda I.
Published: November 2018

Lung adenocarcinoma cells exposed to TiO2nanofibers enhanced tumor characteristics including angiogenic markers and genomic instability, and these cells can even acquire a more aggressive phenotype when grown in a xenograft nude mouse model.
Carrier dynamics and spin–valley–layer effects in bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Ciccarino Christopher J. , Chakraborty Chitraleema , Englund Dirk R. , Narang Prineha
Published: November 2018

We describe the complex interplay of spin, layer and valley indexing involved in two different stacking orientations of bilayer TMDCs MoS2 and WSe2via an ab initio treatment of electron–electron and electron–phonon interactions.
New renewably-sourced polyesters from limonene-derived monomers
Authors: Thomsett Megan R. , Moore Jonathan C. , Buchard Antoine , Stockman Robert A. , Howdle Steven M.
Published: November 2018

The sustainable synthesis of limonene-derived monomers for step-growth polymerisation yields renewably sourced polyesters with attractive properties.
Colloidal hydroxyethyl starch for tumor-targeted platinum delivery
Authors: Xiao Chen , Hu Hang , Yang Hai , Li Si , Zhou Hui , Ruan Jian , Zhu Yuting , Yang Xiangliang , Li Zifu
Published: November 2018

Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) was directly conjugated with cis-platinum prodrugviaan ester bond and decorated with active targeting molecule, lactobionic acid (LA), to afford LA-HES-Pt, which contributes toward higherin vitroantitumor activity against hepatoma carcinoma cells, HepG-2, as compared to cis-platinum.
Synthesis of near-infrared absorbing and fluorescing thiophene-fused BODIPY dyes with strong electron-donating groups and their application in dye-sensitised solar cells
Authors: Kubota Yasuhiro , Kimura Kosei , Jin Jiye , Manseki Kazuhiro , Funabiki Kazumasa , Matsui Masaki
Published: November 2018

Thiophene-fused BODIPY dyes with two diethylaminophenyl groups as strong donors demonstrated near-infrared (NIR) absorption (λmax: 783–812 nm, ε: 119 500–145 900) and fluorescence (Fmax: 862–916 nm, Φf: 0.02–0.12) in dichloromethane.
Ultrafast interfacial transformation from 2D- to 3D-bonded structures in layered Ge–Sb–Te thin films and heterostructures
Authors: Behrens Mario , Lotnyk Andriy , Gerlach Jürgen W. , Hilmi Isom , Abel Tobias , Lorenz Pierre , Rauschenbach Bernd
Published: November 2018

Single ns-laser pulse induced phase transition between the vdW-bonded trigonal and the covalently bonded cubic structure of Ge–Sb–Te.
A platform for nanomagnetism – assembled ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic dipolar tubes
Authors: Stanković Igor , Dašić Miljan , Otálora Jorge A. , García Carlos
Published: November 2018

We analyze tubes created by assembly of dipolar spheres. Various ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states are found depending on the packing, curvature, and length of the tubes.
Phase control of quasi-2D perovskites and improved light-emitting performance by excess organic cations and nanoparticle intercalation
Authors: Han Yaeeun , Park Sungbin , Kim Chaewon , Lee Mijung , Hwang Inchan
Published: November 2018

Quasi-2D perovskite phases are controlled by excess cations and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, improving the light-emitting performance and device stability.
Synthesis, characterization and electrochromic properties of novel redox triarylamine-based aromatic polyethers with methoxy protecting groups
Authors: Wu Jung-Tsu , Fan Yang-Ze , Liou Guey-Sheng
Published: November 2018

Two series of novel redox aromatic polyethers were synthesized successfully from disilyl ether-containing triphenylamine-based monomers and they display one to three stage electrochromism with interesting and multi-coloured changes.
Influence of channel dimensions and operational parameters on methane dry-reforming reaction in a catalytic wall-plate reactor and its design methodology
Authors: Fukuda Takashi , Makoto Harada Ryo , Miyazawa Akira
Published: November 2018

For design of a catalytic wall-plate reactor (CWPR) under reaction-controlled performance, key constraints are expressed in universal form.
Enabling tools for continuous-flow biphasic liquid–liquid reaction
Authors: Weeranoppanant Nopphon
Published: November 2018

This minireview offers an up-to-date overview of enabling tools for biphasic liquid–liquid reactions in flow.
Density matrix renormalization group pair-density functional theory (DMRG-PDFT): singlet–triplet gaps in polyacenes and polyacetylenes
Authors: Sharma Prachi , Bernales Varinia , Knecht Stefan , Truhlar Donald G. , Gagliardi Laura
Published: November 2018

The density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) is a powerful method to treat static correlation.
Enhanced CO2 electroreduction via interaction of dangling S bonds and Co sites in cobalt phthalocyanine/ZnIn2S4 hybrids
Authors: Chen Chunjun , Sun Xiaofu , Yang Dexin , Lu Lu , Wu Haihong , Zheng Lirong , An Pengfei , Zhang Jing , Han Buxing
Published: November 2018

The strong Co–S interaction between CoPc and the dangling S bonds in CoPc/ZIS hybrids can enhance CO2 electroreduction to CO.
A Golgi-targeting fluorescent probe for labile Fe(ii) to reveal an abnormal cellular iron distribution induced by dysfunction of VPS35
Authors: Hirayama Tasuku , Inden Masatoshi , Tsuboi Hitomi , Niwa Masato , Uchida Yasuhiro , Naka Yuki , Hozumi Isao , Nagasawa Hideko
Published: November 2018

Fluctuation of labile Fe(ii) at Golgi apparatus was specifically detected by a new fluorescent probe.
Nickel-catalyzed cyanation of aryl halides and triflates using acetonitrile via C–CN bond cleavage assisted by 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-dihydropyrazine
Authors: Ueda Yohei , Tsujimoto Nagataka , Yurino Taiga , Tsurugi Hayato , Mashima Kazushi
Published: November 2018

A catalyst system of [Ni(MeCN)6](BF4)2, 1,10-phenanthroline, and 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-dihydropyrazine (Si–Me4-DHP) assisted cyanation of aryl halides in acetonitrile to give the corresponding aryl nitriles.
Immediate and persistent antidepressant-like effects of Chaihu-jia-Longgu-Muli-tang are associated with instantly up-regulated BDNF in the hippocampus of mice
Authors: Wang Xing , Chen Jie , Zhang Hailou , Huang Zhiheng , Zou Zhilu , Chen Yin , Sheng Lei , Xue Wenda , Tang Juanjuan , Wu Haoxin , Liu Hongquan , Chen Gang
Published: November 2018

Conventional antidepressants have a disadvantage in delayed onset of efficacy. Here, we aimed to evaluate the immediate and persistent antidepressant-like action of a classic herbal medicine Chaihu-jia-Longgu-Muli decoction (CLM) as well as the action of CLM on hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) over time. CLM consists of Xiaochaihu decoction (XchD), Longgu-Muli (LM) and several other herbs. The contribution of constituent herbal formula XchD and other parts of CLM was also assessed. Following a single dose of CLM, tail suspension test (TST), forced swim test (FST), and novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSF) were performed. The antidepressant activity of XchD, its interaction with LM or remaining parts of CLM was also examined after a single administration. BDNF expression in the hippocampus was examined at 30 min and 24 hr post a single CLM. A single administration of half of clinical dose of CLM elicited antidepressant effects at TST 30 min post administration, and lasted for 72 hr. Furthermore, CLM also reduced the latency to eat in NSF test. A single proportional dose of XchD induced antidepressant effects at 30 min and lasted for 48 hr, whereas the effect lasted for 72 hr when combined with either LM or the remaining parts of CLM. BDNF expression increased at 30 min and persisted at least for 24 hr after a single dose of CLM. The results support that Chaihu-jia-Longgu-Muli decoction was capable to immediately and enduringly elicit antidepressant activity via enhancement of hippocampal BDNF expression, in which the constituent Xiaochaihu decoction played the primary role.
Prioritised and selective power control in cellular wireless networks
Authors: Ho Danh H. , Gulliver Thomas Aaron
Published: November 2018

Power control is used in cellular communications systems to reduce power consumption and satisfy as many users as possible by managing the mutual interference between users. In signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) tracking power control (TPC) schemes, all users are required to adjust their power levels for each iteration, which is inefficient. In this study, a prioritised and selective uplink power control scheme is proposed. Priority user requirements are satisfied first, and then as many normal users (NUs) as possible are satisfied with their target SINRs. In addition, if an NU is currently satisfied with its target SINR, it is not required to update its transmit power level. Conversely, NUs who are not satisfied update their power levels. Simulation results are presented, which show that the proposed scheme outperforms dynamic target SINR TPC and variable target SINR TPC in terms of power consumption and efficiency. In addition, the proposed scheme is better than target SINR TPC and opportunistic power control as the number of users increases.
Implementation of FPGA‐based MPLS‐TP linear protection switching for 4000+ tunnels in packet transport network for optical carrier Ethernet
Authors: Ra Yongwook , Bang Junseong , Ryoo Jeong‐dong
Published: November 2018

A packet transport network (PTN) for optical carrier Ethernet needs to be reliable even in a case that a fault occurs on a data path. To survive from the network fault, protection switching which sends data traffic to a pre‐established backup path can be implemented on optical PTN systems. Linear protection switching in a multi‐protocol label switching – transport profile (MPLS‐TP) environment requires to be performed with sub‐50 ms for multiple faults on data paths (i.e. tunnels). The linear protection switching for the recovery from multiple faults at almost ten tunnels can be processed on CPU. In this study, a packet transport layer protection switching integrated circuit (PPSI) is developed to increase the number of multiple protection switchings (e.g. 4000+ tunnels) with satisfying the strict requirement on sub‐50 ms switching time, by processing on a field‐programmable gate array (FPGA). The performance of this FPGA implementation is compared with that of the processed on CPU. Furthermore, this study investigates four message forwarding methods of set‐bridge‐and‐selector and automatic protection coordination protocol messages to enhance the performance of the PPSI. The four methods are evaluated using an FPGA test‐bed, in terms of switching time and the number of tunnels.
Efficient power allocation in downlink multi‐cell multi‐user NOMA networks
Authors: Khan Wali Ullah , Yu Zhiyuan , Yu Shanshan , Sidhu Guftaar Ahmad Sardar , Liu Ju
Published: November 2018

Recently, non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been considered as a promising radio access technique for the upcoming fifth generation networks. In this study, the authors consider the downlink multi‐cell multi‐user cellular network, where the base station (BS) located in the centre of each cell intends to communicate with multiple random distributed user equipments (UEs) using NOMA protocol. They formulate an optimisation problem to increase the sum network capacity under various practical constraints. Especially, the transmission power budgets for BSs, power allocation for UEs, and minimum rate requirements per UE are optimised. Moreover, they obtain the optimal power allocation via local optimal solution iteratively, which satisfies Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can converge after few iterations and achieve higher sum capacity compared with the non‐optimal NOMA and orthogonal multiple access schemes.
Robust secure transmission for wireless information and power transfer in heterogeneous networks
Authors: Kai‐zhi Huang , Bo Zhang
Published: November 2018

Here, the authors investigate robust secure transmission for wireless information and power transfer in heterogeneous networks (HeNets) under the deterministic and stochastic CSI errors, respectively, where one macrocell base station (MBS) and one femtocell base station (FBS) respectively serve to macrocell users (MUs) and femtocell users (FUs). Meanwhile, FUs acquire energy from the FBS and multiple eavesdroppers attempt to wiretap its downlink information. To secure the wireless information and power transfer, the authors propose an artificial noise (AN)‐aided transmission design. Under the deterministic CSI error, the authors jointly design the beamforming and AN vectors of the MBS and FBS to minimise the total transmit power, while satisfying the constraints on the signal‐to‐interference plus noise (SINR) requirement at each MU, energy harvesting (EH) and secrecy outage probability requirement at each FU. This formulated problem is non‐convex. Utilising S‐procedure and successive convex approximation technique, the authors successfully transfer it into a series of convex problems. Under the stochastic CSI error, the joint design problem is formulated with a range of outage probabilistic constraints. Further, the authors, respectively, resort to large deviation and Bernstein‐type inequalities, S‐procedure to convert it into solvable forms. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the authors’ proposed design.
Conditional progressive network for clothing parsing
Authors: Su Zhuo , Guo Jiaming , Zhang Gengwei , Luo Xianghui , Wang Ruomei , Zhou Fan
Published: November 2018

Clothing parsing is significant to many clothing applications. Recently, a lot of clothing parsing methods have been presented, which explore the innovation of the parsing pipeline or try to find more specific prior information. Although these methods perform well in some benchmarks, a few challenging problems have not been solved yet, such as the complicated mutual interference among labels. In this study, the authors propose a Conditional Progressive Network to parse clothing in different scales and prevent the mutual interference among labels. The authors’ solution consists of three sub‐networks, including Conditional Parsing Network (CPN), Pose Estimation Network (PEN) and Label Transform Network (LTN). Specifically, the CPN module generates the intermediate parsing result in the form of the multiple progressive stages, which combines with the previous outputs in each stage and the specific prior conditions. The PEN module provides a series of heat maps about the human pose information. The LTN module suppresses the redundant labels to avoid the mutual interference among labels. They demonstrate their solution in parsing the fashion clothing cases on the ATR and the Fashion dataset. In their experiments, their method obtains a better performance than the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Design and analysis of a new structure of non‐isolated DC–DC cuk–boost converter with high voltage gain
Authors: Karimian Farzad , Nahavandi Ali
Published: November 2018

In this study, a new non‐isolated DC–DC cuk–boost converter structure with high voltage gain is proposed. The presented topology is composed of boost and cuk converters, which in comparison with the traditional boost and cuk converter have low output voltage ripple and high voltage gain. Operation of diodes and switches of the proposed converter under zero voltage switching and zero current switching can play an important role in reducing circuit losses. Due to the output structure of this converter, it can be used as a symmetrical power supply. The proposed converter has two input power supplies, which can deliver power to load simultaneously. Simulation of the proposed converter is done by SIMULINK/MATLAB software. Finally, a prototype is established in the lab, and the experimental results are given to verify the correctness of the analysis.
Analyzing temporal variations of AGN emission line profiles in the context of (dusty) cloud structure formation in the broad line region
Authors: Esser J. , Pott J.-U. , Landt H. , Vacca W. D.
Published: November 2018

The formation processes and the exact appearance of the dust torus and broad line region (BLR) of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are under debate. Theoretical studies show a possible connection between the dust torus and BLR through a common origin in the accretion disk. However observationally the dust torus and BLR are typically studied separately. NGC 4151 is possibly one of the best suited Seyfert 1 galaxies for simultaneous examinations because of its high number of both photometric and spectroscopic observations in the past. Here we compare changes of the dust radius to shape variations of broad emission lines (BEL). While the radius of the dust torus decreased by almost a factor of two from 2004 to 2006 shape variations can be seen in the red wing of BELs of NGC 4151. These simultaneous changes are discussed in a dust and BEL formation scheme. We also use the BEL shape variations to assess possible cloud distributions, especially in azimuthal direction, which could be responsible for the observed variations. Our findings can best be explained in the framework of a dust inflated accretion disk. The changes in the BELs suggest that this dusty cloud formation does not happen continuously, and over the whole accretion disk, but on the contrary in spatially confined areas over rather short amount of times. We derive limits to the azimuthal extension of the observed localized BEL flux enhancement event.
A Study of using AHP Method to Evaluate the Criteria and Attribute of Defects in Heritage Building
Authors: Zuraidi Siti Nor Fatimah , Rahman Mohammad Ashraf Abdul , Akasah Zainal Abidin
Published: November 2018

This paper examines the criteria and attributes for assessing defects in a heritage building. The goal of this paper is to solve element type for building defects by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A survey questionnaire was develop based on the identified criteria and attributes of defect for a heritage building in Malaysia. The survey questionnaire was administered to consultants, academics, and contractors. A total of 20 expert panels was selected to determine the element of the defect in building performance. The sensitivity analysis of alternative ratings in respect to difference pairwise comparisons of the criteria and attribute was carried out. By changing one element in the pairwise comparison matrix, the process of defect element is monitored thus enabling possible improvements. An overall ranking of the Hierarchy priorities of criteria and attribute was a result of the AHP analysis. The result of the research is weightage for each criterion and its respective attributes. The criteria and attributes will be used as elements to develop a strategic heritage building performance procedure in Malaysia.
Brutalism: The Socio-Political and Technological Effect on Postcolonial Modern Architecture in Indonesia
Authors: Han Nia Namirah , Kurniawan Kemas Ridwan
Published: November 2018

Brutalism, as a style in modern architecture, escaped from the architectural critic’s attention in Indonesia. This is due to the lack of building architecture influenced by this style, as well as the difficulty of distinguishing this style from monumentalism in architecture in Indonesia. Its existence cannot be separated from the development of the Architectural industry in Indonesia. The cement factory - which is the main raw material of concrete - has an impact on infrastructure growth in Indonesia. The establishment of the first cement factory in the Netherlands Indies (Indonesia) as well as in Southeast Asia named NV Nederlandsch Indisch Portland Cement Maatschaapij (NV NIPCM) in 1910 is one of the starting point of industrial development and architectural technology in the country. During the Old Order period, cement was the main raw material for infrastructure development. In line with the vision of the first President of the Republic of Indonesia, Ir. Soekarno, to build the character of a modern nation in the era of Guided Democracy (1957-1965), it must also be represented through the works of sturdy and durable monumental architecture. Meanwhile, during the New Order period, the development of Indonesian architecture was strongly influenced by the political condition and national stability, followed by the inclination to create Indonesian architectural identity with traditional concept. This paper attempts to discuss the link between modern architecture in Indonesia and Brutalism, in relation to the sociopolitical and technological aspects of the Old Order and the New Order. A Qualitative method that based on historical criticism was used to answer the question.
Modern Thought of Photovoltaic Technology in the Implementation of Transit Oriented Development’s Concept and Revitalization for Jakarta Old Town
Authors: Saeful Bahri , Ari Widyati Purwantiasning
Published: November 2018

The idea of this research is based on the development of the city which has a historical area, particularly Jakarta Old Town, which is become abandoned in some part area. The main problem of this research is how to implement of Transit Oriented Development’s concept for historical buildings within the historical area and modern thought using photovoltaic technology. By doing a precedent study of some case studies, this research will give an alternative solution for local government to maintain historical area by combining between old and modern concept. As an outcome, this research will give a solution how to use the technology of photovoltaic in the implementation of Transit Oriented Development for historical area particularly Jakarta Old Town Area in Indonesia.
Compressive Strength and Dimensional Stability of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch Fibre Reinforced Foamed Concrete
Authors: Lim Siong Kang , Tiong Hock Yong , Woon Kai Siong
Published: November 2018

Rapid drying shrinkage is an important factor in causing cracks of concrete. This research was aimed at studying the effects of Palm Oil Empty Fruited Bunch (POEFB) fibre on the drying shrinkage behaviour and compressive strength of foamed concrete (FC) under two different curing conditions. The adopted curing conditions were air curing and tropical natural weather curing. Two volume fractions of POEFB fibre were used, which were 0.25% and 0.50% based on dry mix weight with 1-2 cm in length. The dimensional stability of the control specimen and POEFB fibre reinforced FCs was obtained by cumulating the measured linear shrinkage or expansion due to different curing conditions. The results from the two different specimens were compared. The results showed that specimens reinforced with POEFB fibre and cured under tropical natural weather condition attained lesser variations of dimensional stability and higher 90-day strength performance index than the reference mix without POEFB fibre. This improvement was attributed to the ability of POEFB fibre to bridge the cement matrix, and irregular wetting process under tropical natural weather curing condition had enabled more production of Calcium Silicate Hydrate gels that gradually blocked the penetration of water into the specimens and increased the compressive strength. It is observed that 11.43% and 4.46% of improvement in 90-day strength performance index were obtained in natural weather cured 0.5% of POEFB fibre reinforced specimen, with corresponded to the reference mix and 0.25% of POEFB fibre reinforced specimens, respectively.
The Development of Geopolymer Concrete Mix and Portable Steam Curing Technique
Authors: Zulkiflee Normarliana , Ali Ahmad Zurisman Mohd
Published: November 2018

Geopolymers concrete is environmental-friendly constructions material utilizing waste as the main ingredient in a concrete binder. Various properties of heat-cured geopolymer concrete have shown its suitability for applications such as precast concrete structure. However, the heat-cured method for geopolymers such as steamer generator and a dry-air oven is limited due to the curing system is not mobilized and it is an industrial form. Thus, these types of curing system is not suitable for cast in situ applications. Based on the study carried out, new finding will be proposed to determine the effectiveness of portable steam curing as the new alternative curing technique for geopolymer concrete. Engineering properties of Class F fly ash based geopolymer concrete after curing with portable steam curing method are study and the corresponding results will be compared with the oven curing method. At the end of the research, the portable steam curing method can offer the effectiveness of geopolymer concrete for cast-in-situ alternatives. Besides, the maximum compressive strength of geopolymer concrete with a portable steam curing can be achieved within 24 hours at 80°C.
Engineering Properties of 1200 kg/m³ Lightweight Foamed Concrete with Egg Shell Powder as Partial Replacement Material of Cement
Authors: Tiong Hock Yong , Lim Siong Kang , Lee Yee Ling , Lim Jee Hock
Published: November 2018

This study presents the effects of egg shell powder on lightweight foamed concrete when partially replace the cement. At 2017, 12235 million eggs were consumed and around 85 thousand tonnes of egg shell waste was the yield in Malaysia. The waste might result in an environmental problem if it is not reused properly. Besides, large cement production also results in carbon dioxide emission and depletion of natural limestone. Therefore, studies on effects of egg shell powder on properties of lightweight foamed concrete as partial replacement of cement is attractive to be carried out by aiming to promote the application of lightweight foamed concrete as well as to mitigate the environmental issue by reducing the number of eggshell wastes and pure cement production. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects on engineering properties of lightweight foamed concrete with a fresh density of 1200 ± 50 kg/m3when the cement is partially replaced by egg shell powder at replacement levels of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% by mass. The properties of the lightweight foamed concrete studied included workability, stability, compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, and sorptivity. The results show that the replacement of egg shell powder reduces the spread diameter, stability, and sorptivity, and improve the compressive and flexural strengths at replacement level of up to 5%. The eggshell powder is feasible to be used as partial cement replacement material for the production of the masonry unit.
Understanding Decisions to Suspend Works: When Employers Do Not Pay
Authors: Lee Chia Kuang
Published: November 2018

The construction industry propels Malaysia’s economic growth. Payment is the livelihood of the construction industry. Many contractors have suffered badly from payment issues in Malaysia, especially non-payment. To remedy non-payment, unpaid contractors have the right to suspend works if the construction contracts express such rights. However, this self-help remedy is less to be instigated and the reasons remained under explored. The aims of this paper are threefold: (1) to understand contractors’ reluctance to suspend works, (2) to predict contractors’ decision to suspend works from the lens of Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model, and (3) to propose intervention strategies based on Institutional Theory. 44 Contractors specializing in building and civil engineering works participated in this study. The results show that Perceived obligations to others and tolerance factor underpinned their reluctance. Step-wise regression analysis also shows that subjective norm is the predictor of intention. To intervene in the decisions effectively, the TPB model was further extended with isomorphic pressures: Normative, Mimetic, and Coercive Pressures by drawing on Institutional Theory. These isomorphic pressures could be useful in influencing intention through subjective norm. The outcome of study is beneficial for both project practitioners and researchers, especially in improving payment issues in the Malaysian construction industry. Suspension of work can be seen as one of an effective self-help remedy that can be intervened in a macro framework.
BIM (Building Information Modeling) Education Program in KSA: A Case Study of BIM program at Prince Sultan University
Authors: Yi TaeYeua , Yun SukHee
Published: November 2018

A variety of BIM education programs have been developed and strengthened for future architects and engineers around the world. BIM education curricula as architecture and civil engineering education programs have held an important position in the education institutes. The purpose of the study is to provide future architects and civil engineers with solid hand-on knowledge about BIM through the understanding of its theoretical and historical backgrounds as well as the practical exercise examples of the related various BIM methods, which also shows the benefits of various BIM processes and methods as used by all relevant stakeholders in the AEC industry, such as clients, design teams, construction manager, contractors and maintenance operators etc. Additionally, the paper introduces other related topics as follows through the case studies at PSU for BIM education program, 1) Create 3D BIM models that extract quantities for estimation purposes on the basis of input resources. 2) Operate construction schedule (4D simulation) for project planning. 3) Explore a virtual construction management process that integrated 3D BIM model with scheduling and costing, what is called, 5D simulation. Through the case study, the paper proposes a BIM education guideline appropriate for KSA.
Evaluation of Waste Cooking Oil as Sustainable Binder for Building Blocks
Authors: Adebayo Johnson Olufemi , Napiah Madzlan , Ibrahim Kamaruddin , Raduan Kabit Mohamad
Published: November 2018

Increasing depletion of material resources and concern for the environment has led to the great quest for degradable and environmentally sustainable material in various industries in recent years. Application of Waste Vegetable oils as a renewable and biodegradable binder material was explored in this work. Block samples were prepared with 10% liquid binder of vegetable oil, compacted with 75 impact blows and thermally cured in a conventional oven at temperature ranges of 160-200°C. This study explores the effectiveness of waste cooking oil as a novel binder in the production of building block, called WasteVege block. Important parameters such as optimum binder content, optimum curing temperature, and optimum curing age were established. The mechanical and physical properties of the product were examined, the result shows that compressive strength in ranges of 5 - 34 MPa was achieved, initial rate of absorption (IRA), water absorption, efflorescence, and wet/dry durability of the product exhibit acceptable values within the threshold of required standards.
Urban River Reserve Potentials as Passive Cooling Strategies
Authors: Omar Siti Rahmah , Sohaili Johan , Abd Rahman Nur Hidayah , Mohd Norhazren Izatie
Published: November 2018

In Malaysia, urban riparian refers to river reserve that reflects green space. As surviving greenery space amidst concrete jungle, urban riparian is essential for safe-keeping the river health, the surrounding environment, and the well-being of urbanites. The existing developments found by the Malaysian riversides are already in place prior to river reserves establishment, thus constricting expansion and synchronisation due to its guidelines applied in isolation within several related agencies. Prior studies have highlighted the potential of riparian vegetation as a viable method that lowers the temperature within urban space. Hence, this paper probes into the potential of river reserve as a passive cooling strategy by determining the vegetation technical requirements from the light of urban river physical planning and design guidelines in Malaysia. Thus, this study outlines the possibility of integration by comparing vegetation requirements for river buffer with vegetation function and ability in altering radiation, as well as heat transfer, through physical attributes. By focusing on vegetation physical structure, the riparian area can attain multiple functions and benefits. Thus, this finding serves as a basis for integration of passive cooling strategies with vegetation requirements for urban river reserve, and for further studies that investigate other essential physical attributes.
Removal of Lead from Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction using trihexyltetradecylphosphonium Chloride in Different Diluents
Authors: Ooi Evon , Ng Yee Sern
Published: November 2018

The feasibility of ionic liquid trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride [THTDP][Cl] as extractant in different diluents for the removal of lead (Pb) from water was investigated using laboratory scale liquid-liquid extraction. The tests were conducted using an extraction mixture which consisted of 5% (v/v) [THTDP][Cl] in different diluents, namely toluene and corn oil. In general, the extraction followed anion exchange mechanism and equilibrium extraction can be achieved at extraction time of 5-10 minutes. In addition, the extraction efficiency was found to decrease when the HCl concentration in Pb solution was increased from 1 M to 3 M for both types of diluents, as a result of competition between excessive Cl- and PbCl42- to form complex with [THTDP] cation. The extraction ability of Pb for [THTDP][Cl] was highly dependent on the types of diluents used where corn oil based extraction mixture showed lower extraction efficiency in comparison to toluene based extraction mixture, as a result of its higher viscosity.
Bioinspired Synthesis of Carbon Dots/g-C3N4 Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Application
Authors: Tai Jun Yan , Leong Kah Hon , Saravanan Pichiah , Sim Lan Ching
Published: November 2018

This study reports a fast and green preparative strategy to synthesize water soluble and fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) through hydrothermal method by using low cost organic waste of human fingernails as the carbon precursor for the first time. The coupling of CQD with pure carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was further explored to enhance the latter’s performance in photocatalysis of 2,4-dicholorophenol (2,4-DCP), a toxic and recalcitrant compound mostly released from industrial effluent. Such coupling overcame the weakness of pure g-C3N4 in photocatalysis process by broadening its visible light absorption and promoting the charge separation. As a result, the removal rate of CQD/ g-C3N4(10) was up to 71.53%, which was approximately 1.5 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4 under sunlight irradiation. The morphological structure, optical properties and chemical compositions of CQDs/g-C3N4 composites were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-DRS).
The Comparative Study of Pure Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 and CPTMS-SBA-15 Adsorption of Pb Heavy Metal
Authors: Fatriansyah Jaka Fajar , Dhaneswara Donanta , Situmorang Frans Wensten , Brahmarsi Aloysius , Delayori Farhan , Siti Utami A.A. , Kusumawardhani Dessy Prawesti
Published: November 2018

Mesoporous silica SBA-15 has been successfully synthesized and its surface has been modified/functionalized with CPTMS. The making of pure SBA-15 was operated at an optimized concentration of Pluronic 123 surfactant at 60 mM which yields surface area of 831.996 m2/g determined by BET. The modified SBA-15, SBA-15+CPTMS have a lower surface area in comparison with neat SBA-15. In this study, SBA-15+CPTMS have a surface area of about 711.061 m2/g. This very high surface area was utilized to remove the Pb in industrial wastewater using laboratory made water samples. Despite lower surface area and pore diameter of SBA-15+CPTMS in comparison with pure SBA-15, the effectivity of SBA-15+CPTMS in lead adsorption much higher than mesoporous silica SBA-15 especially at a lower concentration of adsorbents. In this paper, we compared the percentage of Pb removal using mesoporous silica SBA-15 and CPTMS-SBA-15 systems. It was found at a low concentration of adsorbent, CPTMS-SBA-15 yields three times percentage of Pb removal than pure SBA-15. However, at high concentration of adsorbent, CPTMS-SBA-15 percentage of Pb removal is just slightly higher than the pure SBA-15 percentage of Pb removal.
Synthesizing Ag/PDA/PES Antibacterial Membrane for Natural Organic Molecules Removal
Authors: Wai Kok Poh , Koo Chai Hoon , Pang Yean Ling , Chong Woon Chan , Lau Woei Jye
Published: November 2018

Silver nanoparticles (NP) was successfully immobilized on polydopamine (PDA) supported polyethersulfone (PES) membrane via a redox reaction. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was added into membrane dope solution as a pore-forming agent. Four pieces of membranes (M1, M2, M3 and M4) were fabricated with different active layer coatings to compare their morphological and performance properties. The differences between each sample were highlighted as follow: M1 (pristine PES), M2 (PES+PVP), M3 (PDA/PES+PVP) and M4 (Ag/PDA/PES+PVP). All membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and contact angle analysis. The membrane performance was examined using pure water permeability (PWP) test, antibacterial test and humic acid (HA) rejection test. Pristine M1 membrane showed that PWP of 27.16 LMH/bar and HA rejection of 84 %. In this study, it was found that the addition of PVP as a pore agent into the membrane M2 increased water flux but slightly deteriorated HA rejection. Coating of PDA on M3 and immobilizing silver NP on M4 membrane surface have improved HA rejection but compromised PWP. The results showed that membrane M4 carried excellent antibacterial property and highest HA rejection among all fabricated membranes.
Reduction of Landslide Risk and Water-Logging Using Vegetation
Authors: Islam Mohammad Shariful , Azijul Islam Md.
Published: November 2018

Landslide is a major concern in Bangladesh. The Hill Tracts of Bangladesh are highly vulnerable to rain-cut erosion because of their geological formation, soil characteristics (sedimentary) and deforestation. The cracks in the sandstone allow water to permeate through the layers which causes decrease in shear strength of hill soils leading to landslides. Eroded soil causes clogging in drains and canals in nearby urban areas. Subsequently, in a view to investigate the erosion potential of hill slopes, soil samples were collected from Chittagong and Rangamati hills. The soil is mostly silty or clayey sand which is susceptible to erosion. In this context, bio-engineering technique using vetiver has been selected to reduce erosion potential and water-logging. Efficacy of vetiver in soil erosion has been studied using a model for vegetated slope constructed with hill soil. Performance of slope against rain-cut erosion has been premeditated under uniform artificial rainfall for both bare and vegetated slopes. The sediment yield for bare soil is found to be 47.8 kg/m2 which is almost four times higher compared to the sediment yield for rooted slope (11.6 kg/m2). Therefore, vetiver is effective in reducing erosion, which eventually decreases landslide vulnerability and water-logging in the nearby city areas.
Introducing a New Method for Ground Structure Estimation using Microtremor Array Observation Technique
Authors: Cheah Yi Ben , Lau Tze Liang
Published: November 2018

Ground structure characteristic is an important parameter in seismic site effect evaluation for earthquake structural design. Many geophysical methods can be used to estimate ground structure. The best field measurement option that requires least field effort and yet producing accurate estimation is the main concern of this study. This study applies microtremor array observation method to investigate the accuracy of dispersion curve estimated using Centerless Circular Array (CCA) methods of 5m radius. The dispersion curve observed was assessed by comparing to theoretical dispersion curve generated from proposed shear wave velocity (VS) profile of sites. The observed dispersion curve shows good agreement with theoretical dispersion curve over a wide frequency range, which is ranging from 3 - 10 Hz. This segment of dispersion curve can be utilized to estimate ground structure by means of inversion of dispersion curve. CCA method is capable to be used to estimate ground structure in term of VS profile.
Improvement of SVR-Based Drought Forecasting Models using Wavelet Pre-Processing Technique
Authors: Fung Kit Fai , Huang Yuk Feng , Koo Chai Hoon
Published: November 2018

Drought is a damaging natural hazard due to the lack of precipitation from the expected amount for a period of time. Mitigations are required to reduced its impact. Due to the difficulty in determining the onset and offset of droughts, accurate drought forecasting approaches are required for drought risk management. Given the growing use of machine learning in the field, Wavelet-Boosting Support Vector Regression (W-BS-SVR) was proposed for drought forecasting at Langat River Basin, Malaysia. Monthly rainfall, mean temperature and evapotranspiration for years 1976 - 2015 were used to compute Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) in this study, producing SPEI-1, SPEI-3 and SPEI-6. The 1-month lead time SPEIs forecasting capability of W-BS-SVR model was compared with the Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Boosting-Support Vector Regression (BS-SVR) models using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), coefficient of determination (R2) and Adjusted R2. The results demonstrated that W-BS-SVR provides higher accuracy for drought prediction in Langat River Basin.
The Influence of Bonding between Layers on Pavement Performance, a Case Study of Malaysian Road
Authors: Zulkifili Nur Hamizah , Sutanto Muslich Hartadi
Published: November 2018

This paper summarizes a theoretical study undertaken to provide a better understanding of the consequences of poor bond on flexible pavement performance. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of bond on the performance of Malaysian road. The pavement structure of Malaysian road was analyzed using a layered linear elastic program, BISAR 3.0 taking into account different state of the bond at the interfaces of the pavement layers and a static horizontal load in addition to the standard vertical dual load. The results indicate that the condition of the bond between the wearing and binder course can reduce the life of the pavement by up to 64%. On the other hand, the results also indicate that the condition of the bond between the binder and road base course, which was made up from asphaltic materials can reduce the life of the pavement by up to 68%.
Formation evaluation challenges in Pliocene gas-bearing reservoirs from the Romanian Western Black Sea shelf
Authors: Niculescu Bogdan Mihai , Andrei Gina
Published: November 2018

This paper addresses some formation evaluation challenges and petrophysical particularities regarding two gas fields of Early Pliocene age, belonging to the biogenic hydrocarbon system of Western Black Sea Basin - Romanian continental shelf. Although these structures are located at the same depth and only 15 km apart, the wells that intercepted the sands and silts gas-bearing reservoirs indicate an important lateral facies variation and different reservoir qualities. We analyzed and interpreted data from exploration and appraisal wells that targeted these reservoirs, showing that: (1) there is a limited radioactivity contrast between the reservoir and nonreservoir intervals, so a clay volume determination based solely on the gamma ray log is not practical; (2) the reservoirs are characterized by high capillary-bound water contents, leading sometimes to abnormally low resistivity readings; (3) an additional resistivity suppression might be caused by the limited vertical resolution of the electrical logging tools, in the presence of thinly laminated sand - shale intervals; (4) the identification of gas-water contacts based exclusively on pressure gradients may be inaccurate and should be checked against the results of conventional geophysical logs interpretation and of nuclear magnetic resonance logs, for delineating the intervals with bound water or with movable fluids.
Seismicity induced by hard coal mining in the vicinity of faults
Authors: Burtan Zbigniew , Cieślik Jerzy , Chlebowski Dariusz
Published: November 2018

An inherent feature of Polish collieries within the Upper Silesia Coal Basin is the high level of mining induced seismicity, resulting in elevated rockburst hazard levels. One of the major causes of high-energy seismic events is that mining operations are continued in the vicinity of major faulting zones. The study summarises the results of geo-mechanical and statistical analysis of mining-induced seismic activity in the region of major faults, in a selected section within a colliery. Seismic activity assessment involves the categorisation of seismic events due to tectonic movements in the context of various face development systems with respect to the faulting zone: perpendicular (advancing towards the faulting zone or retreating) or parallel (along the faulting zone). Registered seismic activity was analysed in the context of epicenter locations and variations of seismic activity in relation to the developing face operations in the function of time and energy ratings (Gutenberg-Richter formulas). Results have demonstrated that increased levels of seismic activity in the strata can be attributable to mining operations in the vicinity of major faulting zones.
Recognition of gasogeodynamic zones in the rock mass using seismic tomography in Rudna copper ore mine
Authors: Porębski Krzysztof , Koziarz Eugeniusz , Anderko Arkadiusz , Krawiec Krzysztof , Czarny Rafał , Kokowski Jakub , Harba Paulina
Published: November 2018

In this work, the results of four seismic tomography surveys are presented. The research was conducted to identify the zones exposed to the threat of gas and rock outburst. The changes to the dolomite layer stiffness in the mining excavation roofs were analyzed. The surveys were conducted in the Rudna copper ore mine in the field of XXVIII/1. The research area was about 0.21 km2. The seismic waves were generated by a small amount of explosive material (100 - 300 g) located and installed in short blast holes (1.5 - 2.0 m). The processing and the interpretation of the measurement data did not cause serious problems due to the more favourable elastic properties of the dolomite layer compared to the adjacent anhydrite and sandstone layers. As a result, the maps of parameters like the longitudinal wave velocity (P-wave), the shear wave velocity (S-wave), and the ratio of the Pwave velocity to S-wave velocity and the dynamic Young modulus were estimated. The results showed that the changes in the seismic parameters were relatively small over most of the research area. This may be evidence of the minor effects of gas and rock outbursts.