bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direct visualization of edge state in even-layer MnBi2Te4 at zero magnetic field
Authors: Lin Weiyan , Feng Yang , Wang Yongchao , Zhu Jinjiang , Lian Zichen , Zhang Huanyu , Li Hao , Wu Yang , Liu Chang , Wang Yihua , Zhang Jinsong , Wang Yayu , Chen Chui-Zhen , Zhou Xiaodong , Shen Jian
Published: December 2022

Being the first intrinsic antiferromagnetic (AFM) topological insulator (TI), MnBi2Te4 is argued to be a topological axion state in its even-layer form due to the antiparallel magnetization between the top and bottom layers. Here we combine both transport and scanning microwave impedance microscopy (sMIM) to investigate such axion state in atomically thin MnBi2Te4 with even-layer thickness at zero magnetic field. While transport measurements show a zero Hall plateau signaturing the axion state, sMIM uncovers an unexpected edge state raising questions regarding the nature of the “axion state”. Based on our model calculation, we propose that the edge state of even-layer MnBi2Te4 at zero field is derived from gapped helical edge states of the quantum spin Hall effect with time-reversal-symmetry breaking, when a crossover from a three-dimensional TI MnBi2Te4 to a two-dimensional TI occurs. Our finding thus signifies the richness of topological phases in MnB2Te4 that has yet to be fully explored.
Locally organised and activated Fth1hi neutrophils aggravate inflammation of acute lung injury in an IL-10-dependent manner
Authors: Wang Kun , Wang Muyun , Liao Ximing , Gao Shaoyong , Hua Jing , Wu Xiaodong , Guo Qian , Xu Wujian , Sun Jiaxing , He Yanan , Li Qiang , Gao Wei
Published: December 2022

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common respiratory critical syndrome with no effective therapeutic intervention. Neutrophils function in the overwhelming inflammatory process of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by ARDS; however, the phenotypic heterogeneity of pulmonary neutrophils in ALI/ARDS remains largely unknown. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we identify two transcriptionally and functionally heterogeneous neutrophil populations (Fth1hi Neu and Prok2hi Neu) with distinct locations in LPS-induced ALI mouse lungs. Exposure to LPS promotes the Fth1hi Neu subtype, with more inflammatory factors, stronger antioxidant, and decreased apoptosis under the regulation of interleukin-10. Furthermore, prolonged retention of Fth1hi Neu within lung tissue aggravates inflammatory injury throughout the development of ALI/ARDS. Notably, ARDS patients have high ratios of Fth1 to Prok2 expression in pulmonary neutrophils, suggesting that the Fth1hi Neu population may promote the pathological development and provide a marker of poor outcome.
Inferring time-varying generation time, serial interval, and incubation period distributions for COVID-19
Authors: Chen Dongxuan , Lau Yiu-Chung , Xu Xiao-Ke , Wang Lin , Du Zhanwei , Tsang Tim K. , Wu Peng , Lau Eric H. Y. , Wallinga Jacco , Cowling Benjamin J. , Ali Sheikh Taslim
Published: December 2022

The generation time distribution, reflecting the time between successive infections in transmission chains, is a key epidemiological parameter for describing COVID-19 transmission dynamics. However, because exact infection times are rarely known, it is often approximated by the serial interval distribution. This approximation holds under the assumption that infectors and infectees share the same incubation period distribution, which may not always be true. We estimated incubation period and serial interval distributions using 629 transmission pairs reconstructed by investigating 2989 confirmed cases in China in January-February 2020, and developed an inferential framework to estimate the generation time distribution that accounts for variation over time due to changes in epidemiology, sampling biases and public health and social measures. We identified substantial reductions over time in the serial interval and generation time distributions. Our proposed method provides more reliable estimation of the temporal variation in the generation time distribution, improving assessment of transmission dynamics.
Revenue loss due to whale entanglement mitigation and fishery closures
Authors: Seary Rachel , Santora Jarrod A. , Tommasi Desiree , Thompson Andrew , Bograd Steven J. , Richerson Kate , Brodie Stephanie , Holland Dan
Published: December 2022

Whale entanglements with fishing gear, exacerbated by changing environmental conditions, pose significant risk to whale populations. Management tools used to reduce entanglement risk, for example temporary area restrictions on fishing, can have negative economic consequences for fishing communities. Balancing whale protection with sustaining productive fisheries is therefore a challenge experienced worldwide. In the California Current Ecosystem, ecosystem indicators have been used to understand the environmental dynamics that lead to increased whale entanglement risk in a lucrative crab fishery. However, an assessment of socio-economic risk for this fishery, as in many other regions, is missing. We estimate retrospectively the losses from ex-vessel revenue experienced by commercial Dungeness crab fishers in California during two seasons subject to whale entanglement mitigation measures using a Linear-Cragg hurdle modeling approach which incorporated estimates of pre-season crab abundance. In the 2020 fishing season, our results suggest total revenues would have been $14.4 million higher in the Central Management Area of California in the absence of closures and other disturbances. In the 2019 fishing season, our results suggest ex-vessel revenues would have been $9.4 million higher in the Central Management Area and $0.3 million higher in the Northern Management Area. Our evaluation should motivate the development of strategies which maximize whale protection whilst promoting productive, sustainable and economically-viable fisheries.
Intraoperative abobotulinumtoxinA alleviates pain after surgery and improves general wellness in a translational animal model
Authors: Cornet Sylvie , Carré Denis , Limana Lorenzo , Castel David , Meilin Sigal , Horne Ron , Pons Laurent , Evans Steven , Lezmi Stephane , Kalinichev Mikhail
Published: December 2022

Pain after surgery remains a significant healthcare challenge. Here, abobotulinumtoxinA (aboBoNT-A, DYSPORT) was assessed in a post-surgical pain model in pigs. Full-skin-muscle incision and retraction surgery on the lower back was followed by intradermal injections of either aboBoNT-A (100, 200, or 400 U/pig), vehicle (saline), or wound infiltration of extended-release bupivacaine. We assessed mechanical sensitivity, distress behaviors, latency to approach the investigator, and wound inflammation/healing for 5–6 days post-surgery. We followed with immunohistochemical analyses of total and cleaved synaptosomal-associated protein 25 kD (SNAP25), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium-binding adaptor protein-1(Iba1), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) in the skin, dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the spinal cord of 400 U aboBoNT-A- and saline-treated animals. At Day 1, partial reversal of mechanical allodynia in aboBoNT-A groups was followed by a full reversal from Day 3. Reduced distress and normalized approaching responses were observed with aboBoNT-A from 6 h post-surgery. Bupivacaine reversed mechanical allodynia for 24 h after surgery but did not affect distress or approaching responses. In aboBoNT-A-treated animals cleaved SNAP25 was absent in the skin and DRG, but present in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord. In aboBoNT-A- versus saline-treated animals there were significant reductions in GFAP and Iba1 in the spinal cord, but no changes in CGRP and SP. Analgesic efficacy of aboBoNT-A appears to be mediated by its activity on spinal neurons, microglia and astrocytes. Clinical investigation to support the use of aboBoNT-A as an analgesic drug for post-surgical pain, is warranted.
Overexpression of hepatocyte EphA2 enhances liver-stage infection by Plasmodium vivax
Authors: Chainarin Sittinont , Jaihan Ubonwan , Tapaopong Parsakorn , Kongngen Pinyapat , Kunkeaw Nawapol , Cui Liwang , Sattabongkot Jetsumon , Nguitragool Wang , Roobsoong Wanlapa
Published: December 2022

The liver is the first destination of malaria parasites in humans. After reaching the liver by the blood stream, Plasmodium sporozoites cross the liver sinusoid epithelium, enter and exit several hepatocytes, and eventually invade a final hepatocyte host cell. At present, the mechanism of hepatocyte invasion is only partially understood, presenting a key research gap with opportunities for the development of new therapeutics. Recently, human EphA2, a membrane-bound receptor tyrosine kinase, was implicated in hepatocyte infection by the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and the rodent parasite Plasmodium yoelii, but its role is not known for Plasmodium vivax, a major human parasite whose liver infection poses a specific challenge for malaria treatment and elimination. In this study, the role of EphA2 in P. vivax infection was investigated. It was found that surface expression of several recombinant fragments of EphA2 enhanced the parasite infection rate, thus establishing its role in P. vivax infection. Furthermore, a new permanent cell line (EphA2Extra-HC04) expressing the whole extracellular domain of EphA2 was generated. This cell line supports a higher rate of P. vivax infection and is a valuable tool for P. vivax liver-stage research.
Association of cerebral white matter hyperintensities with coronary artery calcium in a healthy population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Choi Jinyoung , Kim Jung Youn , Kwon Heon-Ju , Choi Hye Jeong , Kim Sang Heum , Kim Sinae , Lee Jungbin , Park Ji Eun
Published: December 2022

In brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), white matter hyperintensity (WMH) is a commonly encountered finding and is known to reflect cerebral small vessel disease. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of coronary artery calcium (CAC) with WMH and elucidate the relationship between WMH and atherosclerotic risk factors in a large-scale healthy population. This retrospective study included 1337 individuals who underwent brain MRI and CAC scoring computed tomography at healthcare centers affiliated with a tertiary hospital. Cerebral WMH was defined as Fazekas score greater than 2 on brain MRI. Intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) was also assessed and determined to be present when stenosis was more than 50% on angiography. The associations of risk factors, CAC score, and ICAS with cerebral WMH were assessed by multivariable regression analysis. In multivariable analysis, categories of higher CAC scores showed increased associations with both periventricular and deep WMHs in a dose-dependent relationship. The presence of ICAS was also significantly related to cerebral WMH, and among the clinical variables, age and hypertension were independent risk factors. In conclusion, CAC showed a significant association with cerebral WMH in a healthy population, which might provide evidence for referring to the CAC score to identify individuals with risk of cerebral WMH.
Validation of the Japanese version of the Body Image Scale for bladder cancer patients
Authors: Sato Miho , Osawa Takahiro , Abe Takashige , Honda Michitaka , Higuchi Madoka , Yamada Shuhei , Furumido Jun , Kikuchi Hiroshi , Matsumoto Ryuji , Sato Yasuyuki , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Harabayashi Toru , Maruyama Satoru , Takada Norikata , Minami Keita , Tanaka Hiroshi , Morita Ken , Kashiwagi Akira , Murai Sachiyo , Ito Yoichi M. , Ogasawara Katsuhiko , Shinohara Nobuo
Published: December 2022

The Body Image Scale (BIS) is a 10-item tool that measures the body images of cancer patients. This study aims to validate the Japanese version of the BIS for bladder cancer patients. A multicenter cross-sectional survey was used to identify the participants, which included Japanese bladder cancer patients. The percentage of missing responses, internal consistency, and known-group validity were evaluated. The correlations between the BIS and two HRQOL instruments (the Bladder Cancer Index and the SF-12) were assessed to determine convergent validity. Among 397 patients, 221 patients were treated by transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) endoscopically, 49 patients underwent cystectomy with neobladder, and 127 patients underwent cystectomy involving stoma. The percentage of missing responses in the BIS ranged from 8.1 to 15.6%. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.924. Higher BIS scores indicate negative body image, and the median BIS score for patients with native bladders after TURBT (0.5) was significantly lower than those of the patients with neobladder (4.0) and stoma formation (7.0), which indicated the discriminatory ability of the BIS. Each domain of the Bladder Cancer Index and the role summary score of the SF-12 correlated to the BIS scores, which confirmed the convergent validity. A range of BIS scores were identified among patients who reported similar physical summary scores and mental summary scores of the SF-12. This study confirmed the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the BIS for bladder cancer patients.
Glial Bmal1 role in mammalian retina daily changes
Authors: Riccitelli Serena , Boi Fabio , Lonardoni Davide , Giantomasi Lidia , Barca-Mayo Olga , De Pietri Tonelli Davide , Bisti Silvia , Di Marco Stefano , Berdondini Luca
Published: December 2022

Visual information processing in the retina requires the rhythmic expression of clock genes. The intrinsic retinal circadian clock is independent of the master clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus and emerges from retinal cells, including glia. Less clear is how glial oscillators influence the daily regulation of visual information processing in the mouse retina. Here, we demonstrate that the adult conditional deletion of the gene Bmal1 in GLAST-positive glial cells alters retinal physiology. Specifically, such deletion was sufficient to lower the amplitude of the electroretinogram b-wave recorded under light-adapted conditions. Furthermore, recordings from > 20,000 retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the retina output, showed a non-uniform effect on RGCs activity in response to light across different cell types and over a 24-h period. Overall, our results suggest a new role of a glial circadian gene in adjusting mammalian retinal output throughout the night-day cycle.
Intelligent prediction models based on machine learning for CO2 capture performance by graphene oxide-based adsorbents
Authors: Fathalian Farnoush , Aarabi Sepehr , Ghaemi Ahad , Hemmati Alireza
Published: December 2022

Designing a model to connect CO2adsorption data with various adsorbents based on graphene oxide (GO) which is produced from various forms of solid biomass, can be a promising method to develop novel and efficient adsorbents for CO2adsorption application. In this work, the information of several GO-based solid sorbents were extracted from 17 articles aimed to develop a machine learning based model for CO2adsorption capacity prediction. The extracted data including specific surface area, pore volume, temperature, and pressure were considered as input parameter, and CO2uptake capacity was defined as model response, alsoseven different models, including support vector machine, gradient boosting, random forest, artificial neural network (ANN) based on multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF), Extra trees regressor and extreme gradient boosting, were employed to estimate the CO2adsorption capacity. The best performance was obtained for ANN based on MLP method (R2 > 0.99) with hyperparameters of the following: hidden layer size = [45 35 45 45], optimizer = Adam, the learning rate = 0.003,β1 = 0.9,β2 = 0.999, epochs = 1971, and batch size = 32. To investigate CO2uptake dependency on mentioned effective parameters, three dimensional diagrams were reported based on MLP network, also the MLP network characteristics including weight and bias matrices were reported for further application of CO2adsorption process design. The accurately predicted capability of the generated models may considerably minimize experimental efforts, such as estimating CO2removal efficiency as the target based on adsorbent properties to pick more efficient adsorbents without increasing processing time. Current work employed statistical analysis and machine learning to support the logical design of porous GO for CO2separation, aiding in screening adsorbents for cleaner manufacturing.
Short- and long-term effects of an electronic medication management system on paediatric prescribing errors
Authors: Westbrook Johanna I. , Li Ling , Raban Magdalena Z. , Mumford Virginia , Badgery-Parker Tim , Gates Peter , Fitzpatrick Erin , Merchant Alison , Woods Amanda , Baysari Melissa , McCullagh Cheryl , Day Ric , Gazarian Madlen , Dickinson Michael , Seaman Karla , Dalla-Pozza Lucciano , Ambler Geoffrey , Barclay Peter , Gardo Alan , O’Brien Tracey , Barbaric Draga , White Les
Published: December 2022

Electronic medication management (eMM) systems are designed to improve safety, but there is little evidence of their effectiveness in paediatrics. This study assesses the short-term (first 70 days of eMM use) and long-term (one-year) effectiveness of an eMM system to reduce prescribing errors, and their potential and actual harm. We use a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial (SWCRCT) at a paediatric referral hospital, with eight clusters randomised for eMM implementation. We assess long-term effects from an additional random sample of medication orders one-year post-eMM. In the SWCRCT, errors that are potential adverse drug events (ADEs) are assessed for actual harm. The study comprises 35,260 medication orders for 4821 patients. Results show no significant change in overall prescribing error rates in the first 70 days of eMM use (incident rate ratio [IRR] 1.05 [95%CI 0.92–1.21], but a 62% increase (IRR 1.62 [95%CI 1.28–2.04]) in potential ADEs suggesting immediate risks to safety. One-year post-eMM, errors decline by 36% (IRR 0.64 [95%CI 0.56–0.72]) and high-risk medication errors decrease by 33% (IRR 0.67 [95%CI 0.51–0.88]) compared to pre-eMM. In all periods, dose error rates are more than double that of other error types. Few errors are associated with actual harm, but 71% [95%CI 50–86%] of patients with harm experienced a dose error. In the short-term, eMM implementation shows no improvement in error rates, and an increase in some errors. A year after eMM error rates significantly decline suggesting long-term benefits. eMM optimisation should focus on reducing dose errors due to their high frequency and capacity to cause harm.
Correction: CeO2 nanoarray decorated Ce-doped ZnO nanowire photoanode for efficient hydrogen production with glycerol as a sacrificial agent
Authors: Kim Seungkyu , An Eunui , Oh Inhyeok , Hwang Jun Beom , Seo Sehun , Jung Yoonsung , Park Jun-Cheol , Choi Hansol , Choi Chang Hyuck , Lee Sanghan
Published: December 2022

Correction for ‘CeO2 nanoarray decorated Ce-doped ZnO nanowire photoanode for efficient hydrogen production with glycerol as a sacrificial agent’ by Seungkyu Kim et al., Catal. Sci. Technol., 2022, 12, 5517–5523, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CY00558A.
Altering the solubility of metal–organic polyhedra via pendant functionalization of Cp3Zr3O(OH)3 nodes
Authors: Sullivan Meghan G. , Sokolow Gregory E. , Jensen Eric T. , Crawley Matthew R. , MacMillan Samantha N. , Cook Timothy R.
Published: December 2022

A new method to tune solubility of ZrMOPs via node-modification.
Enhanced circularly polarized luminescence of chiral Eu(iii) coordination polymers with structural strain
Authors: Tsurui Makoto , Kitagawa Yuichi , Shoji Sunao , Fushimi Koji , Hasegawa Yasuchika
Published: December 2022

Three types of Eu(iii) coordination polymers with distorted chiral ligands were prepared for elucidating the relationship between their structural distortions, ligand-to-metal charge transfer, and circularly polarized luminescence properties.
Facile synthesis of thermally stable tetrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4]triazine substituted energetic materials: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Kumar Parasar , Ghule Vikas D. , Dharavath Srinivas
Published: December 2022

Various thermally stable energetic materials with high nitrogen content, low sensitivity and better detonation performance were synthesized.
A sustainable viscosity-sensitive isoliquiritigenin-based molecular sensor for liquid food safety inspection
Authors: Xu Lingfeng , Kang Minqing , Xiong Fangzhi , Huang Yanrong , Yi Xiuguang
Published: December 2022

Flavonoid derivate: isoliquiritigenin as a natural molecular sensor extracted from licorice for viscosity detection in liquids via the fluorescent technique.
Bioactive compounds and functional foods as coadjuvant therapy for thrombosis
Authors: Quintal Martínez Juan Pablo , Segura Campos Maira Rubi
Published: December 2022

Plant foods and bioactive compounds represent a coadjuvant therapy for thromboembolic diseases. Secondary metabolites and plant foods represent a starting point for further developing nutraceuticals, functional ingredients, and functional foods.
Comparative synthesis and characterization of nanocomposites using chemical and green approaches including a comparison study onin vivoandin vitrobiological properties
Authors: G Sabeena , S Vainath Praveen , E Pushpalakshmi , G Annadurai
Published: December 2022

In this study, the anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cytotoxic, and antibacterial effects of various substances were studiedin vitro.
Highly stable lanthanide-doped CsPbI3 perovskite nanocrystals with near-unity quantum yield for efficient red light-emitting diodes
Authors: Xia Wenlin , Ren Zhenwei , Zheng Zhishuai , Luo Chengzhao , Li Jie , Ma Wenchen , Zhou Xin , Chen Yu
Published: December 2022

The rare earth La cation is strategically introduced to fundamentally improve CsPbI3 phase stability and emission efficiency (near-unity PLQY of 99.3%), prompting great enhancements in the perovskite light-emitting diodes.
Postpolymerization modification of sterically demanding poly(methacrylic acid) with allene sulfonamides
Authors: Shin Hyun Gyu , Pradhan Tapas R. , Park Jin Kyoon , Kim Jeung Gon
Published: December 2022

Highly efficient postpolymerization modification of sterically demanding PMAA and copolymers is now available with allene sulfonamides.
Construction of an aflatoxin aptamer sensor based on a DNA nanoprism structure
Authors: Liao WenChun , Chen ZhiXiong , Chen BenQi , Yang Meng , Li ZiYing , Yang Tong , Yang YunHui , Meng Shuang , Hu Rong
Published: December 2022

Aflatoxin aptasensor with a black phosphorus nanosheet loaded with gold nanoparticles was constructed. A Ce-metal organic framework material as the signal label and a prism DNA nano structure modified electrode as the recognition interface is proposed.
Exploiting directed self-assembly and disassembly for off-to-on fluorescence responsive live cell imaging
Authors: Curtin Niamh , Garre Massimiliano , Bodin Jean-Baptiste , Solem Nicolas , Méallet-Renault Rachel , O'Shea Donal F.
Published: December 2022

A bio-responsive nanoparticle was formed by the directed self-assembly (DSA) of a hydrophobic NIR-fluorophore with poloxamer P188.
Unlocking the potential of polymeric desalination membranes by understanding molecular-level interactions and transport mechanisms
Authors: Nickerson Trisha R. , Antonio Emma N. , McNally Dylan P. , Toney Michael F. , Ban Chunmei , Straub Anthony P.
Published: December 2022

We highlight molecular-level interactions that govern the performance of polymeric desalination membranes. We emphasize how these interactions affect transport and highlight emerging methods that allow for direct measurement of polymer properties.
Research progress of electrode materials for non-enzymatic glucose electrochemical sensors
Authors: Liu Jianjun , Shen Jijun , Ji Shengchao , Zhang Qingyang , Zhao Wei
Published: December 2022

Glucose biosensors are mainly divided into two types.
The permeability of pillar arrays in microfluidic devices: an application of Brinkman's theory towards wall friction
Authors: Hulikal Chakrapani Thejas , Bazyar Hanieh , Lammertink Rob G. H. , Luding Stefan , den Otter Wouter K.
Published: December 2022

The Darcy permeability of floor-to-ceiling pillar arrays in microfluidic channels is studied by experiments and simulations. A simple and accurate estimation of the effective permeability is proposed.
Poroviscoelasto-plasticity of agarose-based hydrogels
Authors: Crespo-Cuevas Victor , Ferguson Virginia L. , Vernerey Franck
Published: December 2022

This manuscript explores the nonlinear viscoelasticity of agarose hydrogels by conceptualizing them as biopolymer networks with transient bond dynamics.
Soft anharmonic coupled vibrations of Li and SiO4 enable Li-ion diffusion in amorphous Li2Si2O5
Authors: Kumar Sajan , Gupta Mayanak K. , Goel Prabhatasree , Mittal Ranjan , Mukhopadhyay Sanghamitra , Le Manh Duc , Shukla Rakesh , Achary Srungarpu N. , Tyagi Avesh K. , Chaplot Samrath L.
Published: December 2022

Coupled vibrations of Li and SiO4 enable Li-ion diffusion in amorphous Li2Si2O5.
Practical production of heteroatom-bridged and mixed amorphous–crystalline silicon for stable and fast-charging batteries
Authors: Je Minjun , Song Gyujin , Lee Sangyeop , Park Hyun Jung , Kim Joohyuk , Park Soojin
Published: December 2022

Mixed amorphous–crystalline silicon microparticles were designed to increase Li-ion diffusivity and electrode integrity using a low-cost synthetic approach. It allows longer cycle life in fast-charging and large-scale battery systems.
Electromechanical response of group-IV monochalcogenide monolayers
Authors: Tran Kevin , Tawfik Sherif Abdulkader , Spencer Michelle J. S.
Published: December 2022

The electromechanical response of the group-IV monochalcogenide monolayers upon charge injection was investigated for applications in actuator devices and artificial muscles.
Interaction of a high-mass X-ray binary with the interstellar medium through stellar wind
Authors: Marchioro J. , Chaty S. , Coleiro A. , Fortin F. , Simaz Bunzel A.
Published: December 2022

Context. GX 301-2 is a high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) with strong stellar outflows. The evolution of these binaries can be closely related with the interstellar environment due to strong wind interactions.

Aims. We try to constrain the energy injected in the interstellar medium by GX 301-2 through stellar wind using HAWK-I and Herschel data.

Methods. We analysed HAWK-I images in four different filters (Brγ, H2, J, and Ks) and tried to retrieve signatures of the impact of GX 301-2 on its environment. We used Herschel data to outline the interstellar medium and the Gala DR3 catalogue to infer the proper motion of GX 301-2. Finally, we estimated the energy injected in the interstellar medium since the first supernova event of the HMXB.

Results. Using both HAWK-I and Herschel images, we deduce an approximation of the total mass injected from GX 301-2 in the interstellar medium of Minj = 3.05-0.03+0.05 × 10-2 M⊙.
Capturing the state-of-knowledge in EURAD knowledge management
Authors: Knuuti Tobias , Tatomir Alexandru , Göbel Astrid , Franzen Carola , Abbasova Dinara , Arnold Thuro , Brendler Vinzenz , Fuzik Kateryna
Published: December 2022

Knowledge about a wide variety of aspects is fundamental for the safe management and disposal of radioactive waste. This importance of Knowledge Management (KM) is also recognised by EURAD, the European Joint Programme on Radioactive Waste Management (RWM), which brings together over 100 organisations from different countries and backgrounds (Waste Management Organisations, Technical Support Organisations, and Research Entities). This vast resource of expertise and experience feeds into several dedicated EURAD KM programme activities. One of these activities, led by Work Package 11 State-of-Knowledge (WP11 SoK), is capturing experts’ views on the current State-of-Knowledge on topics relevant to RWM and making this knowledge accessible through dedicated documents. For this, EURAD has developed the “Goals Breakdown Structure” (GBS), which provides a framework in which topics are structured thematically, as well as a hierarchy of documents that allows accessing knowledge on different levels of detail (seeEURAD Roadmap). To make this knowledge available, EURAD is currently developing a Wiki (i.e., a web-based resource that allows access to knowledge and collaborative interactions) and is drafting a sustainable Knowledge Management System and other supportive KM-IT tools while already feeding the tools with content. This article gives an insight into the general EURAD KM concept, the approaches used, and the results obtained until EURAD’s mid-term, after 2.5 years.
Singular versus boundary arcs for aircraft trajectory optimization in climbing phase
Authors: Cots Olivier , Gergaud Joseph , Goubinat Damien , Wembe Boris
Published: December 2022

In this article, we are interested in optimal aircraft trajectories in climbing phase. We consider the cost index criterion which is a convex combination of the time-to-climb and the fuel consumption. We assume that the thrust is constant and we control the flight path angle of the aircraft. This optimization problem is modeled as a Mayer optimal control problem with a single-input affine dynamics in the control and with two pure state constraints, limiting the Calibrated AirSpeed (CAS) and the Mach speed. The candidates as minimizers are selected among a set of extremals given by the maximum principle. We first analyze the minimum time-to-climb problem with respect to the bounds of the state constraints, combining small time analysis, indirect multiple shooting and homotopy methods with monitoring. This investigation emphasizes two strategies: the common CAS/Mach procedure in aeronautics and the classical Bang-Singular-Bang policy in control theory. We then compare these two procedures for the cost index criterion.
Characterization of Laboratory Flow and Performance for Process Improvements via Application of Process Mining
Authors: Tsai Eline R. , Tintu Andrei N. , Boucherie Richard J. , de Rijke Yolanda B. , Schotman Hans H.M. , Demirtas Derya
Published: December 2022

Background The rising level of laboratory automation provides an increasing number of logged events that can be used for the characterization of laboratory performance and process improvements. This abundance of data is often underutilized for improving laboratory efficiency.

Objectives The first aim of this descriptive study is to provide a structured approach for transforming raw laboratory data to data that is suitable for process mining. The second aim is to describe a process mining approach for mapping and characterizing the sample flow in a clinical chemistry laboratory to identify areas for improvement in the testing process.

Methods Data were extracted from instrument log files and the middleware between laboratory instruments and information technology infrastructure. Process mining was used for automated process discovery and analysis. Laboratory performance was quantified in terms of relevant key performance indicators (KPIs): turnaround time, timeliness, workload, work-in-process, and machine downtime.

Results The method was applied to two Dutch university hospital clinical chemistry laboratories. We identified areas where alternative routes might increase laboratory efficiency and observed the negative effects of machine downtime on laboratory performance. This encourages the laboratory to review sample routes in its analyzer lines, the routes of high priority samples during instrument downtime, as well as the preventive maintenance policy.

Conclusion This article provides the first application of process mining to event data from a medical diagnostic laboratory for automated process model discovery. Our study shows that process mining, with the use of relevant KPIs, provides valuable insights for laboratories that motivates the disclosure and increased utilization of laboratory event data, which in turn drive the analytical staff to intervene in the process to achieve the set performance goals. Our approach is vendor independent and widely applicable for all medical diagnostic laboratories.
Scientific selection: A century of increasing crop varietal diversity in US wheat
Authors: Chai Yuan , Pardey Philip G. , Silverstein Kevin A. T.
Published: December 2022

A prevalent and persistent biodiversity concern is that modern cropping systems lead to an erosion in crop genetic diversity. Although certain trait uniformity provides advantages in crop management and marketing, farmers facing risks from change in climate, pests, and markets are also incentivized to adopt new varieties to address complex and spatially variable genetics, environment, and crop management interactions to optimize crop performance. In this study, we applied phylogenetically blind and phylogenetically informed diversity metrics to reveal significant increases in both the spatial and temporal diversity of the US wheat crop over the past century. Contrary to commonly held perceptions on the negative impact of modern cropping systems on crop genetic diversity, our results demonstrated a win-win outcome where the widespread uptake of scientifically selected varieties increased both crop production and crop diversity.
La traducción y lo lúdico en el cambio social
Authors: Monzó-Nebot Esther , Llanos-Guerrero Miguel
Published: December 2022

Gender-inclusive language, both binary and non-binary, advocates for wider visibility of non-dominant genders. However, in the Spanish context, this language, especially the binary variant, has been received with much opposition led by the institution establishing linguistic norms. This paper addresses the possibility of using gender-inclusive language as a political practice in translation and explores how entertainment genres, particularly comics, and information on the social goals of heterodox linguistic practices may be conducive to relaxing the adherence to dominant doxas. By priming responses based on two gender-inclusive (one binary and one non-binary) translations of the comicMorganeby Kansara and Fert, differences between four focus groups were analyzed. Two of them received a briefing session detailing the social agenda of gender-inclusive language, and two were offered no such sessions before reading and discussing the translations. Results showed how the briefing sessions relaxed adherence to the dominant doxa even though the social purpose of gender-inclusive language was widely questioned. Further, results evinced that binary translation was more strongly opposed than the non-binary variant. It is argued that translation can be used as a tool for political and social change and become instrumental in advocating for equal opportunities for all genders.
Gatekeeping of translations in Shinchunji in South Korea during the Cold War (1946–1954) from the text
mining approach
Authors: Kim Ye Jin , Tak Jin-young , Kwak Eun-Joo , Kim Hyosook
Published: December 2022

This study examines the change of criteria for selecting texts for translation in Shinchunji, the
most influential magazine in liberated Korea. Using data mining methods, the study analyzes the topics and narratives of the
source texts on the two occupiers of Korea: the US and the USSR. The results reveal that institutional, domestic, and
international changes affected the magazine’s selection process, as its editors’ perceptions of the two powers changed over time.
The selected texts’ topics and narratives show the ideological transformation of the publishing company from a left-leaning or
moderate to an anti-communist governmental mouthpiece, expressing the editors’ desire to win over the minds of the Koreans for
nation-building.
Embodying dual actions as interpreting practice
Authors: Warnicke Camilla , Broth Mathias
Published: December 2022

This study demonstrates how interpreters in a Swedish video relay service (VRS) between deaf and hearing users can simultaneously accomplish two different actions, each directed to a particular user of the service. The study takes a multimodal, ethnomethodological conversation analysis (EMCA) perspective and is empirically based on a corpus of 25 recordings from authentic video calls. Our analysis shows how interpreters, through what we call dual action design, are able to: (1) offer the floor to one party while informing the other party, (2) refer to one of the participants using different forms of deictic reference for the two users of the service, and (3) request confirmation of a source statement from one party while rendering a statement to benefit the other party. The study contributes to current discussions relating to sequentiality, simultaneity, and positioning in interpreting studies and multimodal interaction research.
Exploring the Case: Social Justice in the Hospitality Industry – Better Pay Equals Better Employees and a Better Hotel
Authors: Dodds Rachel
Published: December 2022

Introduction

The Parkside Hotel in Victoria, Canada faced an issue of how to deal with high staff turnover, employee dissatisfaction and increasing minimum wage. This case outlines the issues surrounding labour shortages and how to address sustainability challenges that required investment in order to address increasing business risk.

This case is appropriate for marketing, strategy and sustainability-related courses. The case will be particularly useful for students who wish to gain experience in strategy or complex issues relating to business and sustainability. The case will allow students to understand the role a company or organization can play in a larger stakeholder and legal context. It will also aid understanding of the role of shareholders, not just stakeholders, and demonstrate the importance of core business values as a means of doing good, not just doing well.
A lumped mathematical model for ablation in polymeric composites
Authors: Pesci Pedro Guilherme Silva , Alegretti Zucarelli Tiago , Machado Humberto Araujo
Published: December 2022

Thermal Protection Systems (TPS) are used to protect a rocket payload until it arrives intact at its destination. Reliable tools for their design must be defined. The degradation process generated by aerodynamic heating in polymeric ablators can be calculated using lumped models at low computational cost. This work presents a simplified but valid model for the ablation of polymeric composites using lumped source terms to simulate physical phenomena that occur during ablation. Reference works were considered for comparison. The model was compared to experimental results of ablative materials used by the Brazilian Space Program. Mass loss rate curves were generated and presented good agreement to the results. Evolution of ablation and pyrolysis was also evaluated through the model's results.
Measurement of individual external doses of Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings employees working in Fukushima Prefecture and the relationship between individual external doses and air dose rates in areas including difficult-to-return zones
Authors: Saisu Motofumi , Iijima Mutsumi , Uchiyama Keizo , Ishii Toshiaki , Ueno Toshihiro , Nakayama Kazumi
Published: December 2022

Since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident, evacuation orders have been lifted except for the difficult-to-return zones (DRZs). Within the DRZs, there has been designated a special zone for reconstruction and revitalisation (SZRR). Decontamination of the SZRR has been promoted so that evacuation orders may be lifted. Previous studies measured individual external doses in the evacuation order-lifted zones (ELZs) and other living areas where the annual additional individual external dose was overall less than approximately 5 mSv y−1. However, there have been few reports about the measurement of individual external doses in a SZRR or outside of an SZRR (O-SZRR). In SZRRs and O-SZRRs, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings employees work mainly outdoors. Therefore, the employees’ individual external doses and air dose rates were measured in these zones from March 2020 through January 2021. Our key results were:

The median (minimum to maximum) individual external doses at outdoor locations were 0.16 μSv h −1 (0.05–0.63 μSv h−1 ), 0.57 μSv h −1 (0.15–3.92 μSv h−1 ), and 1.36 μSv h −1 (0.14–11.91 μSv h−1 ) for the ELZ, SZRR, and O-SZRR, respectively.

The conversion coefficients for the air dose rate measured by airborne monitoring to individual external dose were 0.23, 0.38, and 0.50 for the ELZ, SZRR, and O-SZRR, respectively. The conversion coefficients were below 0.6, which was used in the national government model for estimating external exposure dose from air dose rate. In addition, the conversion coefficients for the SZRR and O-SZRR in air dose rates of less than 1.5 μSv h−1 differed from those obtained for the entire measurement range of this study.

The conversion coefficient from air dose rate at a height of 1 m above ground level to individual external dose was researched across a broader and higher range of air dose rates than in the previous study (0.24–20.89 μSv h−1 ). The conversion coefficient is confirmed to be 0.7, similar to previous studies.
Federated learning for intelligent fault diagnosis based on similarity collaboration
Authors: Zhang Yonghong , Xue Xingan , Zhao Xiaoping , Wang Lihua
Published: December 2022

In recent years, federated learning has received much attention because it involves the collaboration of each client to train a strong model without infringing data privacy. Machinery fault diagnosis also benefits from this technology. However, the different operating conditions and diagnostic tasks for each client lead to data heterogeneity among the devices, which brings a tough challenge to federated learning for machinery fault diagnosis. To solve this problem, we explore a federated learning method for machinery fault diagnosis based on similarity collaboration (FedSC). Considering the data heterogeneity of each client, the FedSC customizes a personalized model for each client, and then a similarity mechanism is used to weigh the aggregation of each personalization model. In addition, when a client’s model is updated, the distance constraint loss is employed to ensure that local model updates do not deviate from their personalized cloud model. Comprehensive experiments on two rotating machinery datasets demonstrate that our method achieves higher accuracy and faster convergence, providing promising application prospects in realistic industrial scenarios.
Chattering phenomenon in quantum optimal control
Authors: Robin R , Boscain U , Sigalotti M , Sugny D
Published: December 2022

We present a quantum optimal control problem which exhibits a chattering phenomenon. This is the first instance of such a process in quantum control. Using the Pontryagin Maximum Principle and a general procedure due to V F Borisov and M I Zelikin, we characterize the local optimal synthesis, which is then globalized by a suitable numerical algorithm. We illustrate the importance of detecting chattering phenomena because of their impact on the efficiency of numerical optimization procedures.
Ultra-wide bandstop infrared MIM filter using aperture coupled square cavities
Authors: Kamari Mehdi , Khosravi Saba , Hayati Mohsen
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a bandstop plasmonic filter with two wide bandgaps in Near-Infrared (NIR) and Mid-Infrared (MIR) wavelength bands is investigated numerically. The filter consists of double-sided square resonators end-coupled with a Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) waveguide via apertures. The wide bandgaps are achieved using a combination of square resonators which possess different relative permittivity and the same dimensional parameter. It is found that the stop wavelength ranges can be tuned by the number of square resonators with desired relative permittivity. Achieving the proper relative permittivity values may be difficult using general dielectrics; therefore, the resonators are filled by nanocomposite materials. The nanocomposite media are realized by poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) and Ag nano-spheres. Also, there is a possibility of filter design at other ranges of NIR and MIR wavelength bands by changing the relative permittivity of the bus waveguide.
A Henon-like chaotic map and its application in image encryption combined with compressed sensing
Authors: Li Yaning , Bi Lvqing , Li Chunbiao , Xu Kesheng , Li Yongxin
Published: December 2022

A new method of color image encryption is proposed in this paper, with the combination of a two-dimensional (2D) Henon-like chaotic map and compressed sensing for better performance. A sinusoidal function is introduced into the 2D Henon map for increasing randomness. Image encryption algorithm includes three procedures: compression of a color image through the Bernoulli observation matrix, encryption of the compressed image by 2D-Henon map with sinusoidal factor, and reconstruction of color image based on compressed sensing algorithm of orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP). Numerical simulation shows that the proposed encryption algorithm has some advantages including being hardware-friendly, sufficient keyspace, and higher security.
Probing parity-odd bispectra with anisotropies of GW V modes
Authors: Orlando Giorgio
Published: December 2022

It is well known that non-trivial squeezed tensor bispectra can lead to anisotropies in the inflationary stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background, providing us with an alternative and complementary window to primordial non-Gaussianities (NGs) with respect to the CMB. Previous works have highlighted the detection prospects of parity-even tensor NGs via the GW I-mode anisotropies. In this work we extend this by analysing for the first time the additional information carried by GW V-mode anisotropies due to squeezed NGs. We show that GW V modes allow us to probe parity-odd squeezed 〈 tts 〉 and 〈 ttt 〉 bispectra. These bispectra break parity at the non-linear level and can be introduced by allowing alternative symmetry breaking patterns during inflation, like those comprised in solid inflation. Considering a BBO-like experiment, we find that a non-zero detection of squeezed 〈 tts 〉 parity-odd bispectra in the V modes dipole is possible without requiring any short-scale enhancement of the GW power spectrum amplitude over the constraints set by the CMB. We also briefly discuss the role of V-CMB cross-correlations. Our work can be extended in several directions and motivates a systematic search for polarized GW anisotropies in the next generations of GW experiments.
An improved α-decay energy formula for heavy and superheavy nuclei
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Authors: Luo Song , Pan Xiao , Dong Jian-Jun , Wu Xi-Jun , He Biao , Li Xiao-Hua
Published: December 2022

Based on the liquid-drop model and using the first derivative of the normalized Gaussian function to consider the shell correction, a simple α-decay energy formula is proposed for heavy and superheavy nuclei. The values of corresponding adjustable parameters are obtained by fitting α-decay energies of 209 nuclei ranging from Z = 90 to Z = 118 with N ≥ 140. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The average and standard deviations between the experimental data and theoretical results are 0.141 and 0.190 MeV, respectively. For comparison, the reliable formulae proposed by Dong T K et al (2010, Phys. Rev. C
82, 034 320), Dong J M et al (2010, Phys. Rev. C
81, 064 309) and the WS3+ nuclear mass model proposed by Wang N et al (2011, Phys. Rev. C
84, 051 303) are also used. The results indicate that our improved 7-parameter formula is superior to these empirical formulae and is largely consistent with the WS3+ nuclear mass model. In addition, we extend this formula to predict the α-decay energies for nuclei with Z = 117, 118, 119 and 120. The predicted results of these formulae are basically consistent.