bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lengua, exilio e identidad en dos escritoras francófonas: Kim Thúy y Laura Alcoba
Authors: Sánchez Hernández Ángeles
Published: February 2022

El artículo presenta la obra de dos escritoras de lengua francesa, Kim Thúy y Laura Alcoba, que han sufrido el exilio y que habitan en dos países de asilo distintos: Québec y Francia. Las dos despliegan una narración que articula la ficción y la realidad de forma innovadora para dejar constancia de una experiencia del exilio compartida con otras personas; en buena parte, la toma de la palabra pública con sus novelas trata de dar voz a estas vivencias silenciadas. La problemática de la identidad adquiere una dimensión esencial en cuya construcción el elemento familiar se instaura como fundamento esencial. El ensamblaje de la identidad de ambas escritoras se construye entre el presente y el pasado revisitado desde la edad adulta. En sus novelas, las narradoras de sus historias reivindican la construcción identitaria híbrida o transcultural, este rasgo caracteriza su personalidad literaria. La singularidad que une a Alcoba y Thúy yace en la elección de una lengua otra que la materna que las dos conocen sobradamente; sin embargo, el francés es elegido para dar testimonio de su recorrido vital. Este estudio trata de constatar el porqué de esa elección que les ha dado la libertad íntima de expresión para contar su exilio y su integración.
El sexilio de una loca que calla sus amores proscritos: figuraciones extranjeras y fantasmagóricas en la poesía de Gabriela Mistral
Authors: Sánchez Osores Ignacio
Published: February 2022

En este artículo se realiza una lectura queer de un corpus poético de la escritora chilena Gabriela Mistral. Frente al pánico lésbico de la crítica mistraliana tradicional, sostengo que las figuraciones extranjeras y fantasmagóricas presentes en la obra de la poeta constituyen tropos con los que se representa el cuerpo y subjetividad lesbiana. En particular, propongo que, por medio de la extranjera y la fantasma, Mistral poetiza su propia experiencia de sexilio a causa de su disidencia sexual. En el sexilio el yo extranjero no solo polemiza con la nación que lo excluyó, cobra un cuerpo otro y forja comunidades queer, sino que también imagina una contra-nación en el que el cuerpo lesbiano no es expulsado de sus límites.
La familia Coconeta y El armario de Elena: dos micropiezas desconocidas de Max Aub
Authors: Lázaro Sanz Esther
Published: February 2022

A pesar de cultivar todos los géneros, y aunque se le conozca más como narrador, el teatro tuvo siempre un lugar preferente para Max Aub, emblemático autor del exilio republicano de 1939. Así lo atestiguan no solo su medio centenar de obras dramáticas publicadas en vida, sino también sus cerca de treinta piezas inéditas. Entre unas y otras, se encuentran también piezas teatrales breves insertas en obras de otros géneros que han pasado desapercibidas por la crítica, u obras que se publicaron de manera póstuma en ediciones de coleccionista. Es el caso de las dos micropiezas a las que está dedicado este trabajo, La familia Coconeta y El armario de Elena, donde Aub propone un juego autoficcional en el que convierte tanto a su familia como a él mismo en personajes de obras breves en la estética del absurdo y cuya finalidad es puramente lúdica. En estas páginas analizamos el contenido de ambas piezas, tratamos de descifrar sus claves y subrayar su intertextualidad y su transculturalidad, así como indagamos en el proceso de su escritura a partir de los materiales textuales localizados en varios archivos internacionales.
Learning and experience: Aesthetics of multimodal texts in Higher Education
Authors: Ramirez Garrido Juan-Daniel , Hernández-León Elodia , Figueroa-Sandoval Beatriz , Aillon-Newman Mariana
Published: February 2022

This paper invites readers to reconsider the role of Art in the learning of social sciences in higher education based on the ability of the arts to promote understanding among students about their world of life.The new pathways opened up by multimodality offer access to vast repositories of images such as Flickr (Davies, 2007; Castañeda, 2009), and museums that exhibit high quality reproductions of their art collections (Google Art Project). Furthermore, students can express themselves by combining their own images with text (multiliteracies –The New London Group, 1996; Leander, K & Boldt, G., 2012). Multimodal literacy represents a powerful tool to observe and record of all kinds of interesting events for social science students that can be shared and debated on social media. Moreover, following John Dewey (1980) about aesthetic experience, the new form of literacy, as result of combining imagens and texts, represents an excellent way to trigger sensible and aesthetic feelings.
Understanding educational change: Agency-structure dynamics in a novel design and making environment
Authors: Kumpulainen Kristiina , Kajamaa Anu , Rajala Antti
Published: February 2022

This study investigates agency-structure dynamics in students and teachers’ social activity in a novel design and making environment in the context of the Finnish school system, which has recently undergone major curricular reform. Understanding that agency is an important mediator of educational change, we ask the following questions: How are agency-structure dynamics manifested in the social activity of students and their teachers in a novel design and making environment? How do agency-structure dynamics create possibilities and obstacles for educational change? The data comprise 65 hours of video recordings and field notes of the social activity of students aged 9–12 years old (N = 94) and their teachers collected over a period of one semester. Our study shows how the introduction of the novel learning environment created a boundary space in which traditional teacher-centered activity patterns interacted and came into tension with student-centered modes of teaching and learning. Our study reveals three distinctive agency-structure dynamics that illuminate how the agentive actions of both teachers and students stabilized existing teacher-centered practices and, at other, times ruptured and broke away from existing patterns, thus giving rise to possibilities for educational change.
Uso de Facebook en Educación Superior: análisis de la relación entre participación y calificaciones
Authors: Solano-Fernández Isabel-María , García-Tudela Pedro-Antonio , Sánchez-Vera María-del-Mar
Published: February 2022

Las redes sociales en educación superior presentan un enorme potencial didáctico, en el marco de un proceso didáctico que ponga en valor la comunicación entre los agentes educativos, la colaboración como metodología de enseñanza y la participación activa como medio para lograr un aprendizaje más significativo y contextualizado. En el marco de una experiencia de innovación educativa basada en el uso de Facebook en el Grado en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Murcia (España se analiza la relación entre la participación del alumnado en esta red social y sus calificaciones en la asignatura “Medios, Materiales y TIC”. Se ha empleado una metodología cuantitativa con un diseño de investigación ex post facto a partir de las calificaciones obtenidas por los estudiantes (n=172), con las que se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de correlaciones múltiple. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto las diferencias significativas existentes en las calificaciones obtenidas por los tres grupos de la asignatura, así como en la relación existente entre la participación en la red social social Facebook y la calificación final de la asignatura, evidenciándose que los alumnos que obtienen mejores calificaciones, son los que más han participado en la red social. La experiencia llevada a cabo evidencia las potencialidades de Facebook como recurso complementario como parte de un proceso reflexivo y planificado. Asimismo, plantea la necesidad de completar investigaciones como la presente con planteamientos de investigación de corte que permita dar cuenta de las diferencias en función de la metodología empleada por el profesorado.
Quality Requirements for Continuous Use of E-learning Systems at Public vs. Private Universities in Spain
Authors: Prodanova Jana , San-Martín Sonia , Jerónimo Sánchez-Beato Estefanía
Published: February 2022

During the later years of technological innovation, e-learning systems have demonstrated to be an effective way to improve educational quality and overcome time and place constraints. Virtual communication, instruction and evaluation have become an important part of the higher education. However, although e-learning has been implemented extensively, its operation and success might differ between organisations, due to institutional capacity and resources. With this in mind, the objective of this research is to distinguish between public and private universities, in the sense of the e-learning system quality and the perceived institutional support, as means to achieve users’ intention to continue using e-learning. Analysing the information from 270 Spanish teachers and students in e-learning systems at public and private universities, we concluded that information, service and educational quality determine e-learning continuous use at public universities, while perceived institutional support acts as a mediator between the information and educational quality and the continued use, in the case of the private universities. Valuable recommendations for higher-education institutions’ management suggest that innovative tools for interaction and organisation, cooperation of public and private universities, and investment in technology and human resources, are vital for continuity of e-learning systems.
The paleoecology and depositional model of the Oligo-Miocene coral reefs in the Mohammad Abad Area, the west of Baft, SW Kerman, Iran
Authors: Hosseinipour Fatemeh
Published: February 2022

This paper deals with the Oligo-Miocene coral reefs in the Mohammadabad Area, W Baft, SW Kerman. The studied coral reefs include 11 families, 25 genera and 33 species of the scleractinian corals. The coral reef successions have deposited in three cycles on a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate platform. To understanding the paleoecology, reef architecture and depositional model of studied reefal successions, statistical analyses based on the coral niches, sedimentology analyses based on the grain size of the marly strata and microfacies analyses on limestone strata have used. Based on the statistical analyses, the coral community includes eight ecotypes. The distribution of these ecotypes indicates that, despite of various thicknesses, in all three coral reef successions, the branching and fast growth ecotypes are present at the basal parts and the massive, placoid and meandroid colonies are recorded in the slope, crest and distal parts of the reefs. The main disruptive phenomenon that stopped the reef development and affected the reef architecture has been the addition of clastic deposits to the carbonate system. This sediment load increase is recorded as marly strata. By The addition of clastic sediment load to the system, the carbonate content of the system has diluted, the salinity, water transparency and photic level is decreased, the favorable attachment hard substrate for coral polyps is limited, the nutrient and oxygen flux is disrupted and the coral reefs are suffocated.
El cribado sistemático sobre violencia de género durante el embarazo. Una cuestión especialmente importante en tiempos de COVID
Authors: Gómez-Fernández María Analía , Homs-Mir Carme , Gómez-Martín Dolores , Merayo-Fernández Sara
Published: February 2022

Objetivo. Conocer la experiencia de las matronas de atención primaria en el cribado sistemático de la violencia de género (VG) durante el embarazo con un cuestionario validado y su utilidad. Metodología. Estudio cualitativo con un enfoque fenomenológico interpretativo. Tras la experiencia de cribar de forma sistemática durante cuatro meses, se hicieron dos grupos focales con las doce matronas que prestan asistencia en dos centros de atención primaria de L’Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona). Resultados. Aplicar de forma sistemática el cuestionario Index of Spousal Abuse, previa formación para su aplicación y para el abordaje de los casos de VG, aumenta las habilidades, los conocimientos y la seguridad de las matronas para detectar y abordar la VG durante el embarazo. A su vez, incrementa la detección de casos de VG. Conclusiones. Es necesario incorporar el cribado sistemático de la VG durante el seguimiento del embarazo.
El sesgo de género en la asistencia sanitaria: definición, causas y consecuencias en los pacientes
Authors: Cabanillas-Montferrer Teresa , Giménez-Bonafé Pepita
Published: February 2022

Objetivo. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es aportar información sobre el origen y las consecuencias del sesgo de género en la actualidad, analizando las limitaciones que produce en la práctica clínica y proponiendo múltiples puntos que se deben abordar en un futuro para modificar el panorama actual. Material y método. Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica en bases de datos como Pubmed, Google Scholar y Dialnet, donde se han obtenido 241 registros no duplicados. Después de aplicar los criterios de exclusión, se reducen a 37, a partir de los cuales se identifican otros 21 artículos relevantes en bola de nieve. Resultados. Se comenta brevemente el contenido de los 33 artículos que han sido relevantes para la investigación. Discusión. El sesgo de género en la asistencia sanitaria es causado por su presencia en la producción y la difusión del conocimiento, dando lugar a un sesgo en el esfuerzo diagnóstico y terapéutico. Este hecho tiene consecuencias relacionadas con el conocimiento médico, el manejo clínico y la prestación de la asistencia sanitaria que repercuten en la salud de las mujeres, pero también de los hombres. Como limitaciones del estudio, cabe destacar que no se abordan la repercusión del sesgo de género en el colectivo sanitario, tanto en su formación como en su práctica laboral, ni en patologías concretas. Conclusiones. Actualmente, se encuentran limitaciones relacionadas con el sesgo de género en el ámbito de la investigación, la difusión de conocimientos y la práctica clínica. Por ello, este continuará siendo un campo de investigación importante durante los próximos años, ya que la integración de la medicina de género es un elemento clave a tener en cuenta dentro de la medicina personalizada y la atención centrada en el paciente para alcanzar un enfoque holístico de los pacientes y las enfermedades.
Valoración de la calidad de atención a pacientes que solicitan interrupción tardía de la gestación
Authors: Moreno Estela , Suñol Sandra , Giménez Yolanda , Palacio Montse , Arranz Ángela , Gómez Olga
Published: February 2022

Objetivo. Evaluar la experiencia de las pacientes en proceso de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo por malformaciones fetales graves o incurables por encima de las 22 semanas de gestación. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio piloto descriptivo de corte transversal empleando un cuestionario ad hoc con 15 preguntas relacionadas con la calidad de atención y el proceso de pérdida gestacional desarrolladas por un equipo multidisciplinar del Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. La calidad de la atención se evaluó mediante una puntuación de 0 a 10 puntos. Resultados. La puntuación global de la atención prestada fue de 9,45. El ruido ambiental en las diferentes instalaciones hospitalarias fue puntuado con un 5,98/10 y el tiempo desde el parto hasta el alta obtuvieron una puntuación de 6,22. A todas las pacientes se les ofreció contacto con su bebé, pero al 58 % de las familias les hubiera gustado recibir además de las huellas otros recuerdos y al 47 % hubiera deseado hacer fotografías a su bebé. Además, el 37 % de las familias dijeron que hubiesen pasado más tiempo con su bebé. Finalmente, el 53 % de las familias refirió la necesidad de requerir apoyo psicológico o suporte emocional, tanto durante el ingreso hospitalario como en el puerperio. Conclusión. La valoración general de la atención prestada fue adecuada, aunque algunos aspectos podrían mejorarse. La realización de una encuesta a las familias sometidas a un IVE tardío es un método útil para evaluar la calidad de la atención brindada y diseñar acciones de mejora.
Sociedad de plataformas: economía y regulación
Authors: García Hernández Rayner
Published: February 2022

Tomando en consideración que los medios digitales se constituyen como aspectos culturales esenciales de la realidad social actual, el artículo propone un acercamiento al término sociedad de plataformas para analizar la relación compleja entre las acciones de los consorcios de Internet, las rutinas de uso para un manejo productivo de la tecnología digital y el creciente papel de la tecnología en la vida cotidiana. Desde un enfoque sociológico y praxeológico, se describen algunos fenómenos que caracterizan y describen la economía de las plataformas digitales y el proceso de regulación de su infraestructura. En las plataformas digitales se utiliza un amplio espectro de prácticas mediáticas que penetran profundamente en los entornos sociales a partir de las normas y políticas que establecen. Éstas se utilizan como mecanismos reguladores de la actividad y el comportamiento de los usuarios en la infoesfera, en tanto los consorcios de Internet desvían, analizan y procesan grandes cantidades de datos y los clasifican como materias primas. Así, se plantea la tesis que las plataformas digitales con sus infraestructuras técnicas orientadas a la prestación de servicios, generan una cultura organizacional que transforma los entornos sociales y modifica las prácticas mediáticas.
Performance of dual-hop FSO/RF systems with fixed-gain relaying over Fisher–Snedecor F and κ-μ shadowed fading channels
Authors: Ding Junrong , Xie Xiaolong , Wang Ling , Tan Liying , Ma Jing , Kang Dongpeng
Published: February 2022

We investigate the performance of a dual-hop mixed free space optical (FSO) /radio frequency (RF) system with fixed-gain relaying under direct detection and heterodyne detection techniques. The FSO link is modeled by the Fisher–Snedecor

F

distribution, which matches well with the experimental data under weak-to-strong turbulence regimes. The RF link experiences

κ
−
μ

shadowed fading, which unifies popular RF fading models. The

κ
−
μ

shadowed distribution is approximated by an

α
−
μ

distribution. Capitalizing on this approximation, closed-form approximate expressions for the cumulative distribution function, the average bit error rate of different modulation schemes, and the ergodic capacity are derived in terms of the bivariate Fox’s H function. Moreover, asymptotic analysis is carried out at a high signal-to-noise ratio to further illustrate the obtained diversity order and the influence of system and channel parameters. Numerical results and Monte Carlo simulations are presented to validate the derived approximate expressions.
Effect of static alignment deviation on coupling efficiency and beam quality of water beam fiber
Authors: Liu Qian , Zhao Yugang , Meng Jianbing , Zhao Guoyong , Zhou Haian , Li Li , Wang Ke , Liu Guangxin , Cao Chen , Zheng Zhilong
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the problems of decreasing coupling efficiency and energy distribution divergence of water beam fiber caused by static alignment deviation are studied. Based on the basic conditions of coupling between laser and water beam fiber, the mathematical model of coupling efficiency of water beam fiber is established, and the calculation equation of coupling efficiency is modified. The variation of coupling efficiency and energy distribution of water beam fiber under the influence of static alignment deviation is analyzed by numerical simulation, and the correctness of theoretical derivation and simulation model is verified by experiments. The results show that the lateral deviation changes the transmission path of laser in the water beam fiber to a large extent, and its influence on the energy distribution in the water beam fiber is greater than that of longitudinal deviation and angular deviation.
Blind quality assessment of authentically distorted images
Authors: Celona Luigi , Schettini Raimondo
Published: February 2022

Blind image quality assessment (BIQA) of authentically distorted images is a challenging problem due to the lack of a reference image and the coexistence of blends of distortions with unknown characteristics. In this article, we present a convolutional neural network based BIQA model. It encodes the input image into multi-level features to estimate the perceptual quality score. The proposed model is designed to predict the image quality score but is trained for jointly treating the image quality assessment as a classification, regression, and pairwise ranking problem. Experimental results on three different datasets of authentically distorted images show that the proposed method achieves comparable results with state-of-the-art methods in intra-dataset experiments and is more effective in cross-dataset experiments.
Electrostatics of optical rectification in metallic particles
Authors: Ochiai Tetsuyuki
Published: February 2022

An electrostatic theory of optical rectification is presented here, namely, the static photovoltage or photocurrent generation under light illumination, in metallic particles. The hydrodynamical model for the charge carriers in the metals is employed. By solving the hydrodynamic equation and the Maxwell equation perturbatively, the second-order susceptibility is analytically obtained, from which the optical rectification is explained. Electrostatic potential problems involved in the optical rectification under the local response approximation are formulated in arbitrary geometries and then are solved for simple geometries of metallic planar interfaces, slabs, cylinders, and spheres. The photovoltage and photocurrent spectra, their incident-angle dependence, and the electrostatic potential distribution for an incident plane wave light are demonstrated and discussed in the context of plasmonic resonances.
Performance analysis of FSO links employing a transmit and receive diversity-based operating system under Málaga turbulence channels with pointing errors
Authors: Das Akinchan , Bag Banibrata , Bose Chayanika , Chandra Aniruddha
Published: February 2022

This paper represents the performance analysis of a transmit and receive diversity-based free-space-optical (FSO) communication system employing Alamouti space-time-block-code (STBC) and the switch-and-examine combining (SEC) technique at the transmitter end receiver section. The generalized Málaga statistical distribution has been considered to realize the effect of atmospheric turbulence with pointing error. A new unified analytical framework has been employed to obtain the closed-form expressions for various performance measures like outage probability, average bit error rate (BER), and average capacity of the said system. The results indicate that the performance gets better as the number of receiving antennas increases but only within the low signal to noise radio (SNR) region. Further, the optimum switching threshold scheme has been implemented for this proposed multi input multi output (MIMO) FSO system to achieve improved and optimum performances. However, applying the optimum switching threshold for SEC, the performance improvement is observed in the system’s outage and BER performance but not significantly in average capacity. Finally, the derived analytical expressions for each performance metric are validated through the corresponding Monte-Carlo simulations presented in various graphical plots.
Thin-disk multipass amplifier delivering sub-400 fs pulses with excellent beam quality at an average power of 1 kW
Authors: Loescher André , Bienert Florian , Röcker Christoph , Graf Thomas , Gorjan Martin , der Au Jürg Aus , Ahmed Marwan Abdou
Published: February 2022

We present an improved multipass amplifier design, enabling the amplification of ultrashort pulses with excellent beam quality to more than 1 kW of average output power. 260 fs short pulses at an average power of 105 W and a repetition rate of 1 MHz were directly amplified up to an average power of 1033 W. The pulse duration at this power level was measured to be 388 fs assuming a Gaussian temporal shape. This corresponds to a peak power of 2.5 GW. The power stability was measured to be 0.16% RMS over a duration of more than two hours at a sampling rate of 2 Hz. High beam quality is proven with measured values of

M

x

2

 = 1

.16

in the horizontal and

M

y

2

 = 1

.19

in the vertical plane according to ISO Standard 11146.
Machine learning modeling of family wide enzyme-substrate specificity screens
Authors: Goldman Samuel , Das Ria , Yang Kevin K. , Coley Connor W.
Published: February 2022

Biocatalysis is a promising approach to sustainably synthesize pharmaceuticals, complex natural products, and commodity chemicals at scale. However, the adoption of biocatalysis is limited by our ability to select enzymes that will catalyze their natural chemical transformation on non-natural substrates. While machine learning and in silico directed evolution are well-posed for this predictive modeling challenge, efforts to date have primarily aimed to increase activity against a single known substrate, rather than to identify enzymes capable of acting on new substrates of interest. To address this need, we curate 6 different high-quality enzyme family screens from the literature that each measure multiple enzymes against multiple substrates. We compare machine learning-based compound-protein interaction (CPI) modeling approaches from the literature used for predicting drug-target interactions. Surprisingly, comparing these interaction-based models against collections of independent (single task) enzyme-only or substrate-only models reveals that current CPI approaches are incapable of learning interactions between compounds and proteins in the current family level data regime. We further validate this observation by demonstrating that our no-interaction baseline can outperform CPI-based models from the literature used to guide the discovery of kinase inhibitors. Given the high performance of non-interaction based models, we introduce a new structure-based strategy for pooling residue representations across a protein sequence. Altogether, this work motivates a principled path forward in order to build and evaluate meaningful predictive models for biocatalysis and other drug discovery applications.
The development of surgical risk score and evaluation of necrotizing soft tissue infection in 161 Naja atra envenomed patients
Authors: Lai Chih-Sheng , Liu Po-Yu , Lee Chi-Hsin , Ho Cheng-Hsuan , Chen Wei-Ling , Lai Kuo-Lung , Su Hung-Yuan , Lin Wen-Loung , Chung Kuo-Chen , Yang Yi-Yuan , You Chung-Wei , Chen Kuang-Ting , Mao Yan-Chiao
Published: February 2022

Background

Naja atra bites cause wound necrosis, secondary infection, and necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) requiring repetitive surgeries. Little information is known about the predictors for surgery after these bites.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively evaluated 161 patients envenomed by N. atra, 80 of whom underwent surgery because of wound necrosis and infection. We compared the patients’ variables between surgical and non-surgical groups. To construct a surgical risk score, we converted the regression coefficients of the significant factors in the multivariate logistic regression into integers. We also examined the deep tissue cultures and pathological findings of the debrided tissue.

Results

A lower limb as the bite site, a ≥3 swelling grade, bullae or blister formation, gastrointestinal (GI) effects, and fever were significantly associated with surgery in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The surgical risk scores for these variables were 1, 1, 2, 1, and 2, respectively. At a ≥3-point cutoff value, the model has 71.8% sensitivity and 88.5% specificity for predicting surgery, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.88. The histopathological examinations of the debrided tissues supported the diagnosis of snakebite-induced NSTI. Twelve bacterial species were isolated during the initial surgery and eleven during subsequent surgeries.

Discussion and conclusions

From the clinical perspective, swelling, bullae or blister formation, GI effects, and fever appeared quickly after the bite and before surgery. The predictive value of these factors for surgery was acceptable, with a ≥3-point risk score. The common laboratory parameters did not always predict the outcomes of N. atra bites without proper wound examination. Our study supported the diagnosis of NSTI and demonstrated the changes in bacteriology during the surgeries, which can have therapeutic implications for N. atra bites.
Creating a social movement to engage communities in physical activity: A mixed methods study of motivations to engagement
Authors: Harris Marc , Crone Diane , Hughes Samantha , Bird William
Published: February 2022

Throughout the world social isolation and loneliness are common and both have several adverse impacts on health and wellbeing. We are designed to live in close-knit communities and we thrive in close co-operation, however, modern life isolates us from others. To reduce the burden of loneliness and social isolation we need to find strategies to reconnect people to each other, their place and provide a common purpose. Social movements aim to create healthier communities by connecting people to each other and giving people a common purpose. Interventions which create a social movement appear to be effective at engaging substantial portions of a community, however, it remains unclear why individuals are attracted to these initiatives, and if such reasons differ by sociodemographic characteristics. This study combined qualitative and quantitative methods to understand what motivated (different) people to take part in a social movement based intervention. This study suggests that it is not one but a combination of reasons people engage in interventions of this nature. This diversity needs to be acknowledged when promoting and communicating these interventions to potential participants to maximise engagement. Promoting an end reward or health/fitness may not be the most effective way to promote interventions to a large proportion of people. Instead, communications should be centred around what people value (i.e., being with their friends, doing what they enjoy and are good at).
Environment width robustly influences egocentric distance judgments
Authors: Houck Lindsay A. , Kravitz Dwight J. , Philbeck John W.
Published: February 2022

Past work has suggested that perception of object distances in natural scenes depends on the environmental surroundings, even when the physical object distance remains constant. The cue bases for such effects remain unclear and are difficult to study systematically in real-world settings, given the challenges in manipulating large environmental features reliably and efficiently. Here, we used rendered scenes and crowdsourced data collection to address these challenges. In 4 experiments involving 452 participants, we investigated the effect of room width and depth on egocentric distance judgments. Targets were placed at distances of 2–37 meters in rendered rooms that varied in width (1.5–40 meters) and depth (6–40 meters). We found large and reliable effects of room width: Average judgments for the farthest targets in a 40-meter-wide room were between 16–33% larger than for the same target distances seen in a 1.5-meter-wide hallway. Egocentric distance cues and focal length were constant across room widths, highlighting the role of environmental context in judging distances in natural scenes. Obscuring the fine-grained ground texture, per se, is not primarily responsible for the width effect, nor does linear perspective play a strong role. However, distance judgments tended to decrease when doors and/or walls obscured more distant regions of the scene. We discuss how environmental features may be used to calibrate relative distance cues for egocentric distance judgments.
Crosslinking assay to study a specific cargo-coat interaction through a transmembrane receptor in the secretory pathway
Authors: Manzano-Lopez Javier , Rodriguez-Gallardo Sofia , Sabido-Bozo Susana , Cortes-Gomez Alejandro , Perez-Linero Ana Maria , Lucena Rafael , Cordones-Romero Antonio , Lopez Sergio , Aguilera-Romero Auxiliadora , Muñiz Manuel
Published: February 2022

Intracellular trafficking through the secretory organelles depends on transient interactions between cargo proteins and transport machinery. Cytosolic coat protein complexes capture specific luminal cargo proteins for incorporation into transport vesicles by interacting with them indirectly through a transmembrane adaptor or cargo receptor. Due to their transient nature, it is difficult to study these specific ternary protein interactions just using conventional native co-immunoprecipitation. To overcome this technical challenge, we have applied a crosslinking assay to stabilize the transient and/or weak protein interactions. Here, we describe a protocol of protein crosslinking and co-immunoprecipitation, which was employed to prove the indirect interaction in the endoplasmic reticulum of a luminal secretory protein with a selective subunit of the cytosolic COPII coat through a specific transmembrane cargo receptor. This method can be extended to address other transient ternary interactions between cytosolic proteins and luminal or extracellular proteins through a transmembrane receptor within the endomembrane system.
Did the severity of appendicitis increase during the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Chang Yao-Jen , Chen Li-Ju , Chang Yun-Jau
Published: February 2022

Background

This study aimed to assess the severity of appendicitis during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as patients with appendicitis may procrastinate seeking medical attention during the pandemic.

Methods

Information on patients with appendicitis who were treated at the Taipei City Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic (January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020) was retrieved. Patients who were diagnosed with appendicitis and treated at the same hospital from January 1, 2019 to July 1, 2019 were designated as the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess changes in the severity of appendicitis (at a 2-week interval) between the two groups.

Results

We identified 307 (study group: 149; control group: 158) consecutive patients with appendicitis. The mean age was 46.2 +– 19.8 years. Between the two groups, there were no significant differences in age, sex, comorbidity, surgery type (laparoscopic or open appendectomy) or surgery time. The number of patients in the study group decreased between January 29, 2020 and April 21, 2020, which paralleled the period of spikes in the confirmed COVID-19 cases and restricted daily activities. The percentage of uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis (excluding mild appendicitis or normal appendix) in the study group increased between February 26 and March 10, as well as between April 8 and April 21. In the multivariate regression analysis, the odds of uncomplicated and complicated appendicitis increased in three bi-weeks for the study group but not in the control group.

Conclusion

The severity of acute appendicitis might increase during the COVID-19 pandemic, because patients with mild appendicitis (or abdominal pain) may hesitate to seek help.
Risk of infection in neonates born in accidental out-of-hospital deliveries
Authors: Chang Chia-Jung , Chi Hsin , Jim Wai-Tim , Chiu Nan-Chang , Chang Lung
Published: February 2022

Accidental out-of-hospital deliveries (OHDs) are known to have a higher incidence of maternal and neonatal complications. However, neonatal infection related to OHDs has not been studied. The aim of this study was to determine the infection risk of OHDs. This retrospective cohort study enrolled neonates admitted at a children’s hospital in an urban setting from January 2004 to December 2017. Accidental OHDs were compared with in-hospital births, and neonatal infection was assessed. This study also investigated both maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with OHDs. A cohort of 158 OHD neonates was enrolled, of whom 29 (23.2%) were preterm. Prematurity and low birth weight were significantly associated with OHD. Eight neonates in the OHD cohort had a documented infection within the first 72 hours of life, which was 11-fold higher than infections documented for the in-hospital births. Multivariate analysis identified low birth weight as the only factor independently associated with increased risk of infection in OHD neonates. Several specific characteristics of mothers with OHDs were identified. Forty-nine (31%) OHD mothers lacked antenatal care, and 10 (6.3%) were unaware of their pregnancies. The OHD group comprised of more teenage mothers compared to the in-hospital deliveries category. Neonatal infection was more prevalent among OHDs than for in-hospital deliveries, and the infection rate was associated with low birth weight. Hospitalization for further care and observation is suggested for the OHD neonates. Social support should be provided for populations with an increased risk of OHD, such as teenage mothers.
Determining jumping performance from a single body-worn accelerometer using machine learning
Authors: White Mark G. E. , Bezodis Neil E. , Neville Jonathon , Summers Huw , Rees Paul
Published: February 2022

External peak power in the countermovement jump is frequently used to monitor athlete training. The gold standard method uses force platforms, but they are unsuitable for field-based testing. However, alternatives based on jump flight time or Newtonian methods applied to inertial sensor data have not been sufficiently accurate for athlete monitoring. Instead, we developed a machine learning model based on characteristic features (functional principal components) extracted from a single body-worn accelerometer. Data were collected from 69 male and female athletes at recreational, club or national levels, who performed 696 jumps in total. We considered vertical countermovement jumps (with and without arm swing), sensor anatomical locations, machine learning models and whether to use resultant or triaxial signals. Using a novel surrogate model optimisation procedure, we obtained the lowest errors with a support vector machine when using the resultant signal from a lower back sensor in jumps without arm swing. This model had a peak power RMSE of 2.3 W·kg-1(5.1% of the mean), estimated using nested cross validation and supported by an independent holdout test (2.0 W·kg-1). This error is lower than in previous studies, although it is not yet sufficiently accurate for a field-based method. Our results demonstrate that functional data representations work well in machine learning by reducing model complexity in applications where signals are aligned in time. Our optimisation procedure also was shown to be robust can be used in wider applications with low-cost, noisy objective functions.
Use of the “Future Life Map” exercise to improve awareness of career options and opportunities in underrepresented minority undergraduate students pursuing STEM careers
Authors: Whitehead Anne , Alves Nathan J.
Published: February 2022

Objectives

There has long existed significant underrepresentation of minority students in STEM training and careers. Ongoing efforts to improve opportunities and participation for underrepresented minority students have focused on multiple areas, from increased funding to early exposure to research in STEM. We developed the novel Future Life Map career planning exercise with the goal of contributing to this multi-faceted approach. The exercise emphasizes on the consideration of multiple potential career destinations and routes to those destination. The exercise was designed with the goal of improving participant awareness of options and career planning self-efficacy to improve success and retention of underrepresented minority student participation and retention in STEM.

Methods

We implemented the Future Life Map exercise with 2 separate groups of under-represented minority undergraduate students pursuing careers in STEM. Participants then completed an anonymous survey to evaluate the exercise and describe the value they derived from completing the Future Life Map.

Results

The exercise presentation and its supporting documents were highly rated by participants with >81% of respondents rating it as “very informative” (4 or 5 on a 5-point Likert Scale). Participants reported that they were very likely to recommend the exercise to others (25 of 27 participants) and were likely to repeat the activity for their own future decision making (22 participants). Themes that emerged from participant reporting of the value of the exercise were: increased awareness of career and training options, improved understanding of the research required to make informed career/life decisions, and new awareness of specific information about career options under consideration.

Conclusion

The Future Life Map exercise was successful in improving participant awareness of career options, career planning ability, and helped participants to feel more empowered. This is likely of particular benefit for improving participation and retention of under-represented minority students pursuing careers in STEM.
How useful is a complete urinary tract ultrasound in orchiepididymitis?
Authors: Aeschimann Eva , Sanchez Oliver , Birraux Jacques , Wildhaber Barbara E. , Manzano Sergio
Published: February 2022

Orchiepididymitis (OE) is a frequent cause of pediatric emergency department attendance in boys presenting with acute scrotum. The etiology of most episodes of OE remains unclear and there is no consensus regarding the correlation between OE and underlying genitourinary malformations. Whether imaging evaluation should comprise complete urinary tract ultrasonography (US) or voiding cystography is a subject of debate. The aim of this retrospective, single-center study was to analyze i) the number/type of urinary tract malformations detected by US following a first episode of OE in boys with no previously known malformation and ii) the frequency of associated urinary tract infection (UTI). We reviewed the records of 495 boys <16 years presenting to our pediatric emergency department with acute scrotum between January 2012 and December 2017. Patients with incomplete radiological data were excluded. Of 119 boys with a radiologically-confirmed first episode of OE, 99 had a complete urinary tract US and were included in the study. No genitourinary malformation was detected (0%). Urinary cultures showed UTI in 3/98 (3.1%) patients. Mean age at presentation was 9.7 years (standard deviation, 3.9) with a three-peak incidence of OE at 10–13 years, 4–5 years, and during infancy. Conclusion: Complete urinary tract US does not appear to be useful during a first episode of OE in countries with an antenatal US screening rate similar to Switzerland. The very low UTI rate suggests that a urinalysis is sufficient to investigate a first episode of OE and antibiotics should be reserved for positive urinalysis only.
Puesta en valor del paisaje cultural de Jumilla
Authors: Lozano Jiménez Miguel Ángel , Lapeña Gallego Gloria
Published: February 2022

Nuestro objeto de investigación e intervención artística es el paisaje cultural Denominación de Origen Protegida de Jumilla (Murcia), ligado a la agricultura de la vid. Basándonos en la concepción de Alan Roger sobre la configuración del paisaje mediante la artealización, conformado por intervención matérica in situ y participación in visu del observador activo, nos planteamos como objetivo diseñar una construcción artística contemporánea en consonancia con huellas patrimoniales del paisaje jumillano, concretamente los denominados cucos, construcciones vernáculas a modo de refugios. Como conclusiones resaltamos la conjunción de diferentes elementos perceptivos en la obra que, una vez ubicada en uno de los parajes del paisaje que nos ocupa, servirá para promocionar el enoturismo de un modo más activo que la mera visualización de narrativas audiovisuales por parte del visitante propias de parques temáticos; y la adecuación formal, material y conceptual de la nueva construcción con el patrimonio existente de este paisaje cultural.
'Sin piel' de Marina Núñez
Authors: Vich Álvarez Juan Alberto
Published: February 2022

Con motivo de la exposición 'Sin piel' (2021) de Marina Núñez en la Sala Kubo-Kutxa de Donostia-San Sebastián, se presenta una recensión sobre los aspectos más relevantes de la misma, además de una entrevista a la artista, donde se desvelan las razones más genuinas de su trabajo y trayectoria. El presente escrito permitirá una aproximación al universo de Núñez, lleno de monstruos y de territorios inhóspitos, una narrativa comprometida e íntima que sitúa a la artista palentina como una de las referencias del arte contemporáneo a nivel nacional.
Modelado 3D de precisión en procesos de digitalización de escultura construida
Authors: Díaz Alemán Manuel Drago
Published: February 2022

En la escultura contemporánea existen muchas obras que son difícilmente digitalizables en tres dimensiones utilizando procedimientos tanto activos como pasivos. Estos procedimientos plantean dificultades cuando se aplican sobre escultura construida, realizada a partir de fragmentos, con materiales laminares de poco espesor u objetos con muchas oquedades y solapamientos. Ante la imposibilidad de obtener resultados óptimos con este tipo de obras, se hace necesario utilizar nuevas estrategias que permitan la obtención de un modelo digital. Para ello se propone, ejemplificado en un objeto de estudio, la implementación de técnicas de modelado 3D de precisión. Apoyándonos en la nube de puntos obtenidas mediante sistemas activos o pasivos de digitalización 3D, se genera un modelo virtual utilizando técnicas de modelado con superficies nurbs. El resultado es un modelo 3D útil para procesos digitales de despiece, reconstrucción, así como para la catalogación o la divulgación de la obra. Abriendo la posibilidad del análisis virtual en procesos de Conservación y Restauración.
Olga Pericet y su 'Cuerpo infinito'
Authors: Cabrera Fructuoso María
Published: February 2022

En el siguiente artículo nos proponemos profundizar y reflexionar sobre la artista Olga Pericet a través de su obra Cuerpo Infinito, donde se tiende puentes entre el pasado, el presente y el futuro del baile flamenco teatralizado por medio de la figura de Carmen Amaya, de su memoria y su legado, lo que lleva a una profunda investigación, transformación, aprendizaje, hibridación y búsqueda.
Led argiztapenari buruzko hausnarketa artean
Authors: Cancio Ferruz Arturo , Martínez López Jabier
Published: February 2022

Testu honetan, lehenik, aztertzen ditugu arte-erakusketetan artelanak led teknologiarekin argiztatzeari buruzko hainbat ikerlan. Agerian uzten dugu, artearen esparruan, argiztapen mota hau gero eta gehiago erabiltzen dela, dituen iraunkortasunagatik, eraginkortasun teknikoagatik eta jasangarritasunagatik, argiztapen goria ordezkatuz. Jarraian, Bilboko Arte Eder Museoaren kontserbazio eta zaharberritze sailak garatu duen Dario Urzayren Behatzailearen sabela (Arreta-atalasea) (Afterimages) (2011) zaharberritze-prozesua nabarmentzen da eta kritikoki aztertzen dugu. Azkenik, konklusio gisa, azterketa honen ondorioz hasitako ikerketa/sorkuntza prozesua aurkezten eta azaltzen dugu.