bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from M3258 Is a Selective Inhibitor of the Immunoproteasome Subunit LMP7 (β5i) Delivering Efficacy in Multiple Myeloma Models
Authors: Sanderson Michael P. , Friese-Hamim Manja , Walter-Bausch Gina , Busch Michael , Gaus Stefanie , Musil Djordje , Rohdich Felix , Zanelli Ugo , Downey-Kopyscinski Sondra L. , Mitsiades Constantine S. , Schadt Oliver , Klein Markus , Esdar Christina
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Large multifunctional peptidase 7 (LMP7/β5i/PSMB8) is a proteolytic subunit of the immunoproteasome, which is predominantly expressed in normal and malignant hematolymphoid cells, including multiple myeloma, and contributes to the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. Described herein for the first time is the preclinical profile of M3258; an orally bioavailable, potent, reversible and highly selective LMP7 inhibitor. M3258 demonstrated strong antitumor efficacy in multiple myeloma xenograft models, including a novel model of the human bone niche of multiple myeloma. M3258 treatment led to a significant and prolonged suppression of tumor LMP7 activity and ubiquitinated protein turnover and the induction of apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, M3258 showed superior antitumor efficacy in selected multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma xenograft models compared with the approved nonselective proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and ixazomib. The differentiated preclinical profile of M3258 supported the initiation of a phase I study in patients with multiple myeloma (NCT04075721).
Supplementary table 2 from Kinesin Facilitates Phenotypic Targeting of Therapeutic Resistance in Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Archer Maddison , Begemann Diane , Gonzalez-Kozlova Edgar , Nepali Prerna R. , Labanca Estefania , Shepherd Peter , Dogra Navneet , Navone Nora , Kyprianou Natasha
Published: August 2024

Summary of patient information for PDX models
Supplementary Table 22 from Activating Point Mutations in the MET Kinase Domain Represent a Unique Molecular Subset of Lung Cancer and Other Malignancies Targetable with MET Inhibitors
Authors: Pecci Federica , Nakazawa Seshiru , Ricciuti Biagio , Harada Guilherme , Lee Jessica K. , Alessi Joao V. , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Gandhi Malini M. , Gazgalis Dimitris , Feng William W. , Jiang Jie , Baldacci Simon , Locquet Marie-Anaïs , Gottlieb Felix H. , Chen Monica F. , Lee Elinton , Haradon Danielle , Smokovich Anna , Voligny Emma , Nguyen Tom , Goel Vikas K. , Zimmerman Zachary , Atwal Sumandeep , Wang Xinan , Bahcall Magda , Heist Rebecca S. , Iqbal Sumaiya , Gandhi Nishant , Elliott Andrew , Vanderwalde Ari M. , Ma Patrick C. , Halmos Balazs , Liu Stephen V. , Che Jianwei , Schrock Alexa B. , Drilon Alexander , Jänne Pasi A. , Awad Mark M.
Published: August 2024

Oncogenic / likely oncogenic MET TKD mutations in RCC compared to those detected in NSCLC in cohort #1.
Supplementary Table 21 from Activating Point Mutations in the MET Kinase Domain Represent a Unique Molecular Subset of Lung Cancer and Other Malignancies Targetable with MET Inhibitors
Authors: Pecci Federica , Nakazawa Seshiru , Ricciuti Biagio , Harada Guilherme , Lee Jessica K. , Alessi Joao V. , Barrichello Adriana , Vaz Victor R. , Lamberti Giuseppe , Di Federico Alessandro , Gandhi Malini M. , Gazgalis Dimitris , Feng William W. , Jiang Jie , Baldacci Simon , Locquet Marie-Anaïs , Gottlieb Felix H. , Chen Monica F. , Lee Elinton , Haradon Danielle , Smokovich Anna , Voligny Emma , Nguyen Tom , Goel Vikas K. , Zimmerman Zachary , Atwal Sumandeep , Wang Xinan , Bahcall Magda , Heist Rebecca S. , Iqbal Sumaiya , Gandhi Nishant , Elliott Andrew , Vanderwalde Ari M. , Ma Patrick C. , Halmos Balazs , Liu Stephen V. , Che Jianwei , Schrock Alexa B. , Drilon Alexander , Jänne Pasi A. , Awad Mark M.
Published: August 2024

Detailed clinicopathologic and genomic characteristics related to renal cell cancer cases in cohort #2.
Supplementary Figure S1-S7 from BRCA1-Mediated Dual Regulation of Ferroptosis Exposes a Vulnerability to GPX4 and PARP Co-Inhibition in BRCA1-Deficient Cancers
Authors: Lei Guang , Mao Chao , Horbath Amber D. , Yan Yuelong , Cai Shirong , Yao Jun , Jiang Yan , Sun Mingchuang , Liu Xiaoguang , Cheng Jun , Xu Zhihao , Lee Hyemin , Li Qidong , Lu Zhengze , Zhuang Li , Chen Mei-Kuang , Alapati Anagha , Yap Timothy A. , Hung Mien-Chie , You Mingjian James , Piwnica-Worms Helen , Gan Boyi
Published: August 2024

Supplementary Figure S1 shows that BRCA1 deficiency promotes GPX4i–induced ferroptosis. Supplementary Figure S2 shows that BRCA1 regulates GPX4 through the BRCT domain. Supplementary Figure S3 shows that BRCA1 deficiency suppresses erastin-induced ferroptosis via interference with VDAC3 transcription and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation.Supplementary Figure S4 shows that PARPi synergize with GPX4i in BRCA1-deficient cancers via ferroptosis. Supplementary Figure S5 shows that PARPi combined with GPX4i in BRCA1-mutant/deficient or homologous-recombination-restored cells or tumors. Supplementary Figure S6 shows that NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy coupled with defective GPX4 induction contributes to the synergy of PARPi and GPX4i in BRCA1-deficient cancer cells. Supplementary Figure S7 shows that GPX4i overcome resistance to PARPi in BRCA1-mutant tumors.
Table S1 from ZNF397 Deficiency Triggers TET2-Driven Lineage Plasticity and AR-Targeted Therapy Resistance in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Xu Yaru , Yang Yuqiu , Wang Zhaoning , Sjöström Martin , Jiang Yuyin , Tang Yitao , Cheng Siyuan , Deng Su , Wang Choushi , Gonzalez Julisa , Johnson Nickolas A. , Li Xiang , Li Xiaoling , Metang Lauren A. , Mukherji Atreyi , Xu Quanhui , Tirado Carla R. , Wainwright Garrett , Yu Xinzhe , Barnes Spencer , Hofstad Mia , Chen Yu , Zhu Hong , Hanker Ariella B. , Raj Ganesh V. , Zhu Guanghui , He Housheng H. , Wang Zhao , Arteaga Carlos L. , Liang Han , Feng Felix Y. , Wang Yunguan , Wang Tao , Mu Ping
Published: August 2024

Table S1. Significantly Altered AR ChIP-seq Peaks in ZNF397-KO Cells
Table S1 from Lifileucel, an Autologous Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Monotherapy, in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Schoenfeld Adam J. , Lee Sylvia M. , Doger de Spéville Bernard , Gettinger Scott N. , Häfliger Simon , Sukari Ammar , Papa Sophie , Rodríguez-Moreno Juan F. , Graf Finckenstein Friedrich , Fiaz Rana , Catlett Melissa , Chen Guang , Qi Rongsu , Masteller Emma L. , Gontcharova Viktoria , He Kai
Published: August 2024

Tumor resection adverse events reported as related to surgery in the tumor tissue procurement set
Supplementary Table S5 from St. Jude Survivorship Portal: Sharing and Analyzing Large Clinical and Genomic Datasets from Pediatric Cancer Survivors
Authors: Matt Gavriel Y. , Sioson Edgar , Shelton Kyla , Wang Jian , Lu Congyu , Zaldivar Peraza Airen , Gangwani Karishma , Paul Robin , Reilly Colleen , Acić Aleksandar , Liu Qi , Sandor Stephanie R. , McLeod Clay , Patel Jaimin , Wang Fan , Im Cindy , Wang Zhaoming , Sapkota Yadav , Wilson Carmen L. , Bhakta Nickhill , Ness Kirsten K. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Hudson Melissa M. , Robison Leslie L. , Zhang Jinghui , Yasui Yutaka , Zhou Xin
Published: August 2024

Hyperlinks to portal sessions and video tutorials for each figure
Data from Novel WRN Helicase Inhibitors Selectively Target Microsatellite-Unstable Cancer Cells
Authors: Picco Gabriele , Rao Yanhua , Al Saedi Angham , Lee Yang , Vieira Sara F. , Bhosle Shriram , May Kieron , Herranz-Ors Carmen , Walker Samantha J. , Shenje Raynold , Dincer Cansu , Gibson Freddy , Banerjee Ruby , Hewitson Zoe , Werner Thilo , Cottom Joshua E. , Peng Yang , Deng Nanhua , Zhang Youyou , Nartey Eldridge N. , Nickels Leng , Landis Philip , Conticelli Daniela , McCarten Katrina , Bush Jacob , Sharma Mamta , Lightfoot Howard , House David , Milford Emma , Grant Emma K. , Glogowski Michal P. , Wagner Craig D. , Bantscheff Marcus , Rutkowska-Klute Anna , Zappacosta Francesca , Pettinger Jonathan , Barthorpe Syd , Eberl H. Christian , Jones Brian T. , Schneck Jessica L. , Murphy Dennis J. , Voest Emile E. , Taygerly Joshua P. , DeMartino Michael P. , Coelho Matthew A. , Houseley Jonathan , Sharma Geeta , Schwartz Benjamin , Garnett Mathew J.
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Microsatellite-unstable (MSI) cancers require WRN helicase to resolve replication stress due to expanded DNA (TA)n dinucleotide repeats. WRN is a promising synthetic lethal target for MSI tumors, and WRN inhibitors are in development. In this study, we used CRISPR–Cas9 base editing to map WRN residues critical for MSI cells, validating the helicase domain as the primary drug target. Fragment-based screening led to the development of potent and highly selective WRN helicase covalent inhibitors. These compounds selectively suppressed MSI model growth in vitro and in vivo by mimicking WRN loss, inducing DNA double-strand breaks at expanded TA repeats and DNA damage. Assessment of biomarkers in preclinical models linked TA-repeat expansions and mismatch repair alterations to compound activity. Efficacy was confirmed in immunotherapy-resistant organoids and patient-derived xenograft models. The discovery of potent, selective covalent WRN inhibitors provides proof of concept for synthetic lethal targeting of WRN in MSI cancer and tools to dissect WRN biology.

Significance: We report the discovery and characterization of potent, selective WRN helicase inhibitors for MSI cancer treatment, with biomarker analysis and evaluation of efficacy in vivo and in immunotherapy-refractory preclinical models. These findings pave the way to translate WRN inhibition into MSI cancer therapies and provide tools to investigate WRN biology.

See related commentary by Wainberg, p. 1369
Data from Lifileucel, an Autologous Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Monotherapy, in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Schoenfeld Adam J. , Lee Sylvia M. , Doger de Spéville Bernard , Gettinger Scott N. , Häfliger Simon , Sukari Ammar , Papa Sophie , Rodríguez-Moreno Juan F. , Graf Finckenstein Friedrich , Fiaz Rana , Catlett Melissa , Chen Guang , Qi Rongsu , Masteller Emma L. , Gontcharova Viktoria , He Kai
Published: August 2024

Abstract
In this phase 2 multicenter study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of lifileucel (LN-145), an autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cell therapy, in patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) who had received prior immunotherapy and progressed on their most recent therapy. The median number of prior systemic therapies was 2 (range, 1–6). Lifileucel was successfully manufactured using tumor tissue from different anatomic sites, predominantly lung. The objective response rate was 21.4% (6/28). Responses occurred in tumors with profiles typically resistant to immunotherapy, such as PD-L1–negative, low tumor mutational burden, and STK11 mutation. Two responses were ongoing at the time of data cutoff, including one complete metabolic response in a PD-L1−negative tumor. Adverse events were generally as expected and manageable. Two patients died of treatment-emergent adverse events: cardiac failure and multiple organ failure. Lifileucel is a potential treatment option for patients with mNSCLC refractory to prior therapy.

Significance: Autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy lifileucel was administered to 28 patients with heavily pretreated metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC). Responses were observed in patients with driver mutations, and various tumor mutational burdens and PD-L1 expression, potentially addressing an unmet medical need in patients with mNSCLC refractory to prior therapy.

See related commentary by Lotze et al., p. 1366
WRN Helicase: Is There More to MSI-H than Immunotherapy?
Authors: Wainberg Zev A.
Published: August 2024

In this issue, Picco and colleagues provide further evidence that WRN inhibitors are synthetically lethal in microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cancers and function by blocking the helicase domain of select WRN residues. They demonstrate that WRN inhibitors may be even more effective in a subset of MSI-high tumors with (TA)n repeat expansions, which represents a possible strategy in clinical development.

See related article by Picco et al., p. 1457 (1).
microRNA-216a-5p alleviates acute kidney injury of mice via suppressing FASL expression
Authors: Zhou Biying , Luo Ruirui , Sun Yanlin , Yang Aixiang
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The aim of this present work was to investigate the mechanism of the microRNA (miR)-216a-5p/FASL axis in mice with acute kidney injury (AKI).
Methods: Mice kidney ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury was used as AKI models in this study. I/R mice were injected with miR-216a-5p- and FASL-related constructs to investigate potential mechanisms of kidney protection. kidney function, inflammation, oxidative stress, and kidney cell apoptosis were assessed after 24 h of reperfusion. In vitro, the hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model was used with kidney tubular epithelial cells (TECs) to mimic kidney I/R injury. H/R-treated TECs were transfected with miR-216a-5p- and FASL-related constructs to detect cell viability, inflammation, and oxidative stress. miR-216a-5p and FASL expression levels in mouse kidney tissues and in H/R-treated TECs were detected.
Results: miR-216a-5p was downregulated and FASL was upregulated in kidney tissues of I/R mice and H/R-treated TECs. Upregulating miR-216a-5p attenuated kidney cell apoptosis and the damage of kidney function, and reduced inflammatory factor levels and oxidative stress response in kidney tissues of I/R mice. Upregulating miR-216a-5p advanced cell viability and reduced inflammatory factor levels and oxidative stress response in H/R-treated TECs. Downregulation of FASL effectively reversed the influences of downregulation of miR-216a-5p on kidney injury in mice and kidney TEC survival.
Conclusion: Our study reveals that miR-216a-5p reduces I/R-induced pathological kidney damage in AKI via suppressing FASL.
Expressions of type I-III interferons in Sjögren's syndrome and non-Sjögren's dry eye
Authors: Su Nan , Jiang Lei , Wang Yanpeng , Dong Yanping , Yong Yanjuan , Yang Kan , Gao Shixiong
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Systemic implications create a critical need for identification of dry eye patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS). Herein, we aim to determine expressions of type I-III interferons (IFNs) in dry eye patients with or without underlying SS and their differential diagnosis.
Methods: A prospective, observational, case-control study was performed on 140 dry eye patients among which 78 patients were diagnosed with SS. Clinical evaluations included ELISA detections of serum type I IFN (IFN-α and IFN-β, type II IFN (IFN-γ), and type III IFN (IFN-λ1/IL-29, IFN-λ2/IL-28, and IFN-λ3/IL-28B), as well as reporter cell assay for serum type I IFN activity.
Results: The serum levels of IFN-α and IFN-β were notably higher in dry eye patients with SS than those without underlying SS (p < 0.0001). The functional assay for serum type I IFN activity showed the mean summed scores in dry eye patients with SS were remarkably increased compared to those without underlying SS (p < 0.0001). The serum levels of IFN-γ and IFN-λ1/IL-29 seemed higher in dry eye patients with SS than those without underlying SS (p < 0.0001). The serum levels of type I IFN (IFN-α combined with IFN-β), type II IFN (IFN-γ level), and type III IFN (IFN-λ1/IL-29) used as a test to predict underlying SS among dry eye patients produced an AUC of 0.86, 0.73, and 0.94, respectively.
Conclusion: Serum levels of type I-III IFNs, especially IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-λ1/IL-29, may serve as a useful biomarker for identification of SS dry eye from non-SS dry eye.
O regime de preclusões no reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro de obras e serviços de engenharia de acordo com a Lei 14.133/2021
Authors: Santos Rafael Costa , Matos Leonardo Melo
Published: August 2024

Este estudo aborda o regime de preclusões da revisão contratual, também conhecida como reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro em sentido estrito, em contratos públicos de obras e serviços de engenharia. A falta de clareza sobre as circunstâncias que podem levar à perda desse direito gera insegurança jurídica para a Administração Pública e os contratados. Com a implementação da Nova Lei de Licitações, Lei 14.133/21, o artigo 131 tornou-se objeto de debates, pois aparentemente restringe a revisão ao período de vigência do contrato, levantando questões sobre sua constitucionalidade e se é a única forma de preclusão. O estudo tem como objetivo analisar o regime de preclusões que envolve a revisão contratual em obras públicas, sob a ótica da boa-fé objetiva. Além disso, questiona-se se a revisão pode abranger parcelas já faturadas e se há outras hipóteses de preclusão além das previstas na Lei 14.133/21.
Biophysical approach to swimming performance and training
Authors: Vilas-Boas João Paulo
Published: August 2024

A atividade desportiva em geral reveste formas de extrema complexidade, quer no que concerne à estrutura da realização desportiva, quer - e, porventura, sobretudo no que respeita à estrutura da preparação desportiva. A complexidade das realidades que são objeto de abordagem científica constitui um dos principais eixos em torno dos quais se define a necessária profundidade e complexidade do discurso da ciência. Vale isto por dizer que não existem abordagens completas, nem porventura úteis, sempre que a complexidade da abordagem não corresponder à complexidade do fenômemo em causa; ou, pelo menos, e melhor dizendo, sempre que a complexidade da abordagem não RESPEITAR a complexidade do objeto, constrangendo a percepção da sua dimensão e das suas relações. Neste trabalho, o autor procura sistematizar um discurso complexo que seja adequado para a promoção do reconhecimento e para a fundamentação mais conseqüente da complexidade da natação, desde o treino à excelência competitiva. O discurso é contextualizado no domínio da Biofísica e parte do reconhecimento desta como o ecossistema epistemológico privilegiado para o entendimento da estrutura do rendimento e dos domínios preferenciais do treino de nadadores. Iniciando a objectivação do problema pela modelação biofísica (e, como tal, matemática) do rendimento, o autor afirma a necessidade de se reconhecer paritariamente a importância do treino da técnica e dos recursos condicionais e sublinha a mais valia associada aos progressos biomecânicos. Termina sistematizando uma estrutura de treino e de controle da carga dos recursos bioenergéticos, como resposta às três grandes questões suscitadas pelo treino de nadadores: a) como dispor de mais energia?; b) como mobilizar mais rapidamente essa energia?; e c) como utilizar melhor essa energia?
Akie as a Language Island
Authors: König Christa , Heine Bernd , Legère Karsten
Published: August 2024

The traditional hunter-gatherer group of Akie in Tanzania provides a paradigm example of a language island. Separated from its linguistic relatives by hundreds of kilometres, with no contact whatsoever between the two, the Akie are struggling for survival, both economically and linguistically.
Bajuni – A Language Peninsula
Authors: Nurse Derek , Mahazi Jasmin
Published: August 2024

The article deals with the northern Swahili dialect Bajuni. It is viewed as a language peninsula rather than island, attached to neighbouring and related dialects to the south but jutting north into Somali-speaking areas. It is currently severely endangered, having been largely replaced by Somali in Somalia, and Swahili in Kenya during the late twentieth century, so it is regarded essentially as a historical language peninsula. It is treated under these headings: geography and population; history; political, sociocultural, and economic context; linguistics; regularity/complexity/stability; contact phenomena; sociolinguistics; language use and attitudes; networks.
Bioinformatics Analysis of LINC00917 Targets miR-3690/DDX39A Axis to Exacerbate Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth Using Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR
Authors: An Baiping , Cai Yi , Zhu Jie , Liu Yuan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to reveal the effect of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 917 (LINC00917) on pancreatic cancer (PC). Specifically, high expression of LINC00917 was validated in five PC cell lines. Colony formation, TUNEL, transwell, immunofluorescence staining and sphere formation
assays were conducted in this research, and the results illustrated that LINC00917 accelerated PC cell proliferation, migration, EMT, but impaired the cell apoptosis. Moreover, a panel of mechanism assays were carried out to probe the involvement of LINC00917ceRNA mechanism. LINC00917 was
corroborated to sequester miR-3690 to elevate DExD-box helicase 39A (DDX39A) expression. Additionally, the inhibition of miR-3690 on PC cell malignant phenotype was also demonstrated. We illustrated that LINC00917 promoted PC cell proliferation and inhibited the cell apoptosis. Furthermore,
LINC00917 contributed to PC cell migration, EMT and stemness. The high enrichment of LINC00917 was detected in biotin-labeled wild-type miR-3690, indicating that LINC00917 bound miR-3690 at the predicted sites. We found that miR-3690 was sponged by LINC00917 and involved in LINC00917-mediated
cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. miR-3690 targeted DDX39A in PC cells, and DDX39A could completely rescue the functional effects of miR-3690. On the whole, DDX39A was required in LINC00917-mediated cell malignant behavior in PC cells. LINC00917 led to DDX39A increment and mediated
PC cell biological functions through serving the miR-3690 sponge, indicating LINC00917 can be as a promising biomarker for PC.
Multifunctional Polysaccharide-Based Bionanomaterial for Medical Applications
Authors: Smoliniec Barbara , Milan Justyna , Zebrowski Jacek , Płoch Dariusz , Dziedzic Andrzej , Kus-Liśkiewicz Małgorzata
Published: August 2024

The design of biomaterials has been mostly limited to their diverse individual features and is used in specific sectors, including biomedical or food. In terms of fabrication and characterisation of multifunctional engineered materials, increasing interest has arisen on the combination
of several features in recent years. Composites, a combination of a fibrous compound embedded in a polymer or a nonorganic matrix, are among the most interesting examples. Various polysaccharides have been widely investigated for the development of biomaterials for different applications.
The functional group in a molecular chain of chitosan may facilitate the formation of interactions that permit interconnected structures within chitosan-based composites. Here, we report on the development of a new multifunctional chitosan-based composite. The resulting films were fabricated
by the casting/solvent evaporation method. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed the occurrence of molecular interconnection between the polysaccharide and pyomelanin via the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the compounds. Transmission electron microscopy
(TEM), and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis revealed a porous and texture structure of the films. The antimicrobial effect of the material was observed against both strains of bacteria and fungi. Moreover, no toxicity of the composite toward mouse and human cells was proved, thus demonstrating
the potential of the materials for medical applications.
Clinical Outcomes and Treatment Strategy of Mirizzi’s Syndrome Treated With Surgery
Authors: Sui Xiaojun , Li Ming , Zhang Dapeng
Published: August 2024

Background

There is currently no standardized treatment for Mirizzi’s syndrome (MS). We aim to explore the surgical treatment strategy for MS by analyzing its clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 130 patients with MS who underwent surgery at our hospital from April 2013 to April 2020.

Results

The study population comprised 130 patients with MS, with an approximately balanced sex ratio and a median age of 58.5 years. The preoperative diagnostic rate was 82.3%. The diagnostic accuracy of ERCP was 92.5%, higher than that of MRCP and ultrasound. All patients underwent surgical treatment, with 74 cases of laparoscopic surgery, 43 cases of laparotomy, and 13 cases of laparoscopic surgery converted to laparotomy. A total of 23 patients experienced short-term and long-term complications after surgery, with a complication rate of 17.7%. There was no statistical difference between laparoscopic surgery and open surgery in terms of intraoperative hemorrhage, operative time, and postoperative complication rate. However, the length of hospital stay was shorter in the laparoscopic surgery compared to the open surgery, which was statistically different from each other.

Conclusion

ERCP is the gold standard for the diagnosis of MS, especially for identifying the type of MS. ERCP plays an important role in both the preoperative and postoperative phases of MS. Our study demonstrated that laparoscopic surgery was a safe and feasible option for MS treatment, even requires less hospitalization than open surgery.
School Shootings and Suicide: A Comparison of School Shooters Who Die by Suicide and Non-Suicide School Shooters
Authors: Sanders Kaelyn , Chermak Steven M. , Freilich Joshua D. , Klein Brent R.
Published: August 2024

This study comparatively examines whether suicide school shooters differ from non-suicide school shooters. Although the research on school shootings is increasing, there is limited research on school shooters who attempt, threaten, or plan suicide or die by suicide in comparison to those who do not. The American School Shooting Study (TASSS) includes data on all school shooting events occurring in the United States between 1990 and 2016 that resulted in at least one injury. This study extracts event and individual characteristics from TASSS to quantitatively explore which attributes explain differences across these groups. We conclude by discussing recommendations on responding to school shootings and highlighting directions for future research.
From Cooptation to Violence: Managing Competitive Authoritarian Elections
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Ezzeldin
Published: August 2024

Autocratic elections are often marred with systematic intimidation and violence towards voters and candidates. When do authoritarian regimes resort to violent electoral strategies? I argue that electoral violence acts as a risk-management strategy in competitive authoritarian elections where: (a) the regime’s prospects for coopting local elites, competitors, and voters are weak, and (b) the expected political cost of electoral violence is low. I test these propositions by explaining the subnational distribution of electoral violence during the most violent election in Mubarak’s Egypt (1981–2011): the 2005 Parliamentary Election. The results indicate that electoral violence is higher in districts where: the regime has a lower capacity for coopting local elites, it faces competition from ideological (rather than rent-seeking) challengers with no cooptation potential, clientelistic strategies are costlier and less effective, and citizens' capacity for non-electoral mobilization is low. The conclusions provide lessons for containing electoral manipulation and violence in less democratic contexts.
New Challenges and Opportunities for Opioid Agonist Treatment Access and Retention: A Scoping Review
Authors: Power Niamh , Archambault Léonie , Perreault Michel
Published: August 2024

Changes to the landscape of opioid use have occurred throughout the past two decades. Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) plays an important role in reducing opioid-related harms. Yet, people with opioid use disorder (PWOUD) face issues with access and retention. This scoping review sought to provide an up-to-date synthesis on barriers and facilitators to OAT. Ninety-three studies were included. Major barriers included cost, waiting lists, and negative public attitudes toward treatment. Prominent facilitators included OAT education and flexible treatment conditions such as telehealth-delivered OAT. In prison settings, limited support with treatment referral was a barrier. Fear of judgement was a challenge for pregnant people. There was a lack of information on barriers and facilitators specific to PWOUD dealing with chronic pain or mental health comorbidities. Results highlight new challenges in reaching an increasingly heterogeneous PWOUD population. Findings underline the potential for recent advancements in treatment modalities to promote access and retention.
Perception of Climate Change among Vulnerable Groups and Religious Faiths in Nigeria
Authors: Ruiu Gabriele , Ruiu Maria Laura , Ragnedda Massimo , Akinyoade Akinyinka
Published: August 2024

This study uses nationally representative survey data collected in Nigeria by the Pew Research Center in 2015, 2018, and 2019 to conduct a secondary analysis of three factors that can interact with concerns about climate change. The factors are: vulnerabilities to climate change, religious affiliation, and concerns regarding the U.S. withdrawal from the Paris Agreement. Socio-economic vulnerability is also studied, and vulnerable groups are defined as those at risk of being affected by the impacts of climate change due to traditional socio-economic traits commonly identified as increasing risk factors. The findings are that individuals in poverty express the least concern about climate change and its effects. Religious affiliation has a limited role in increasing climate change awareness. However, this does not exclude the potential influence of other forms of religiosity in alleviating climate change vulnerabilities. Disapproval of Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris Agreement was higher among people living in the most vulnerable areas and among older individuals, while females tended not to disapprove of withdrawing from the agreement. Three recommendations for practice and policy are: focus on the most vulnerable, incorporate local knowledge—especially recognizing the important role of religiosity—and build capacity for greater awareness.
From godkin to oddkin: Love, friendship and kin making beyond the human family
Authors: Cudworth Erika
Published: August 2024

Work within the sociology of the family and personal life has tended to proceed with little or no recognition of non-human members of the household. In the sociology of human–animal relations, however, ideas of multispecies families, multispecies households and animal companions (pets) as kin have been proposed in attempting to capture the close bonds between people and the animals they share their homes and lives with. Drawing on a UK ethnographic study, this article considers the emotional ties and affective relations people have with dog companions. The article argues that the sociological concept of the family is stretched in attempting to capture intra-species domestic relations. Haraway uses kin making to indicate that intimate relationality might be more widely drawn, beyond immediate human relatives to a range of people and beyond the human. Through a critical engagement with Haraway’s conception of ‘oddkin’, the article asks whether kin might be a more productive category in conceptualising intimate relations with animal companions.
Apprehension of reproducing racialized stigmas in storytelling on street harassment in France: ‘I feel I’d just be adding to the stereotype’
Authors: Dekker Mischa J. T.
Published: August 2024

Online and offline spaces where victims shared their experiences with street harassment were instrumental in putting this issue on the political agenda around the world. However, one question in particular sparked uneasiness among French activists: how to deal with stories that, in their view, reproduced stigmas about racialized men or disadvantaged areas? Existing scholarship addresses how people avoid mentioning race so that they do not risk being labeled racist while engaging in covert racism. However, concepts such as covert racism, colorblindness, and white fragility fail to fully capture how activists managed these spaces or how victims shared their experiences. While activists discussed victims’ race and class, they avoided doing so for perpetrators as they were concerned about stigmatization. To address this theoretical gap, this article elaborates a theory on the apprehension of reproducing stigmas. I conceptualize this moral emotion as an anxiety about reinforcing the stigmatization of categories of people whom an individual considers to be already stigmatized. This concept highlights how avoiding race does not always signal a ‘colorblind’ refusal of racial categories but may reflect morally informed anxieties. Beyond race, this apprehension can concern other subjects analyzed in stigma scholarship, such as poverty and mental illness. Based on content analysis of 532 stories, ethnography, and interviews, I analyze how victims structured their stories not solely based on what they sought to share, but also on the stigmas they wanted to avoid. A better understanding of apprehensions and their effects is important for research on individuals’ reflective work to avoid stigmatization.
The Consequentiality of Absences in Social Settings: A Sensemaking Perspective
Authors: Poulis Konstantinos
Published: August 2024

Empirical sociology’s focus on ‘things’ follows an Aristotelian legacy that prioritises discreteness and concrete singularities – that which are perceived to exist. In turn, such convention is predicated on an ontology of being and a natural focus on presence – the ubiquitous assumption that reality is ultimately atomistic and substantial. This metaphysical outlook has produced outstanding scholarly results. However, it also overlooks the significance of an alternative absence, a persistent but undetected ‘otherness’ that can affect social outcomes. The study shows how absences shape actionable imperatives in social settings and identifies requisite mechanisms through which social arrangements are enacted. Thus, it joins the burgeoning sociology of nothing, absence and loss and stresses the enactive consequentiality of what is missing through a sensemaking lens.
Age, Period, and Cohort Analysis With Bounding and Interactions
Authors: Lee Jiwon
Published: August 2024

This article uses the example of voter turnout in US presidential elections to compare two new methods for age, period, and cohort (APC) analysis: the APC interaction model and the APC bounding analysis. While discussing the formal, conceptual, and interpretive differences between the two methods, the analysis demonstrates how both methods can be used to generate distinct but complementary findings. Because the two methods take alternative positions on the appropriate cohort-effect estimands, the comparison underscores the importance of well-grounded conceptual foundations in APC analysis.
Health literacy among an undergraduate student population: a comparative study
Authors: Venter Cornelia , Mostert Sonja N , Botha Tanita
Published: August 2024

The transition from adolescence to young adulthood is a critical period in the development of an individual’s long-term health behaviour. Health literacy is a critical factor in promoting and maintaining health-enhancing behaviours and preventing non-communicable diseases. Undergraduate students often have limited health literacy, regardless of their educational experience. This quantitative study compared the health literacy of a sample of undergraduate students enrolled in degree programmes in the Faculty of Health Sciences with a similar sample from the Faculty of Humanities at a South African university. The Health Literacy Questionnaire was used to measure health literacy across nine subscales. The sample included 77 participants ( n = 77). An independent samples t-test and Mann–Whitney U test were employed to compare the health literacy of students from the two faculties. The study found that students enrolled in the Faculty of Health Sciences generally demonstrated higher health literacy levels across several subscales compared to those from the Faculty of Humanities. This research contributes to understanding the disparities in health literacy among undergraduate students across distinct academic disciplines, underscoring the importance of implementing interventions to enhance health-related knowledge within specific academic domains.
In Their Own Words: Teaching Empathy through the Centering of Individuals Who Have Experienced Abuse
Authors: Clevenger Shelly , Navarro Jordana N.
Published: August 2024

This article provides an overview of the Survivors: Local Stories of Domestic Violence (hereafter, Survivors) civic engagement project. Survivors’ learning objectives were to increase the understanding of the complexity of intimate partner abuse and foster empathy in outsiders’ responses, something at the cornerstone of the #MeToo social movement and connected to trauma-informed teaching. To accomplish these goals, students were given quotes from individuals who suffered abuse and were asked to create a “body” that reflected the abuse and the “after” (coping/healing). This project was then presented at a local theater and included community members who read the quotes while the students presented their work. After the event, event participants were invited to submit their feedback via a brief survey or interviews, which resulted in involvement from 45 individuals. Analysis of both items reveals that Survivors was a meaningful experience for the students and community members involved.
Determinants of carbon dioxide emissions in Technology Revolution 5.0: New insights from Singapore
Authors: Ngoc Xuan Vu
Published: August 2024

Technology Revolution 5.0, characterized by the integration of cutting-edge technologies (CET) like artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT), and blockchain into various facets of life, has brought remarkable advancements and conveniences. However, this era has also raised significant concerns regarding its environmental impact. The paper applies the ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag approach). The manuscript applied the World Bank data from 2000 to 2022. This paper aims to delve into the determinants contributing to carbon dioxide emissions in the context of industrial revolution 5.0, focusing on Singapore as a case study. The article combines a review of the existing literature, an analysis of the Singaporean environmental landscape, and empirical findings to shed light on this critical issue. The empirical study shows that electricity consumption and foreign direct investment significantly negatively affect environmental pollution in Singapore; fossil fuel and import positively influence ecological pollution. This article helps policymakers have policy implications for Singaporeans in the future.
Impacts of a residential STEM program on increasing interest in computer science careers for gifted female students
Authors: Clark Tyler , Akdeniz Hasan , Link Roberts Julia , Breedlove Lynette
Published: August 2024

This study explored factors impacting the decision for gifted females to pursue a career in computer science. The study used a phenomenological approach to delve into the experiences of ten gifted alumnae of The Gatton Academy of Mathematics and Science (Gatton), a residential STEM program, aiming to reveal nuanced insights into factors shaping their career development. Participants were selected based on their initial intentions to pursue careers other than CS before attending Gatton but changing to a CS focus afterward. Semi-structured interviews conducted via Zoom and coded using thematic analysis provided rich data on lived experiences and perspectives of participants. Findings shed light on the multifaceted factors influencing gifted women’s career intentions before attending Gatton, the transformative effects of the residential STEM program on their decisions to pursue CS careers, and the evolution of their perceptions of CS over time.
Comparison of phonological awareness and listening comprehension skills of visually impaired and sighted children in preschool period
Authors: Isitan Damla , Okyar Sumeyye
Published: August 2024

Considering the effect of early literacy skills on later literacy processes, supporting the phonological awareness and listening comprehension skills of children with visual impairments is essential. This study aimed to compare phonological awareness and listening comprehension skills of children with visual impairments and sighted children. In this context, the study was designed with the comparative relational survey model, one of the quantitative research methods. The participants of this study consisted of 15 children with visual impairments and 14 sighted children between 57 and 68 months ( n = 29). The data were collected in special education and rehabilitation centers and kindergartens where children with visual impairments and sighted children attend. In the study, subtests of the Early Literacy Test were used to evaluate the phonological awareness and listening comprehension skills of children with visual impairments and sighted children. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 22.00 package program. According to the findings, there was a significant difference between the two groups only in the rhyme awareness sub-skill among phonological awareness skills. In contrast, no significant difference was found in other sub-skills and listening comprehension skills.
The added value of wearing glasses: Persons with profound to moderate intellectual disabilities
Authors: Hilberink Bartelien , Frederiks Kyra , Verwey-Lakerveld Judith , Van Duijvenboden Truus , Sterkenburg Paula S.
Published: August 2024

Refractive ametropia has a high prevalence in people with intellectual disabilities. It has a significant impact on their quality of life. Although glasses counteract the visual impairment caused by refractive ametropia, wearing glasses is still uncommon for people with intellectual disabilities, and getting used to wearing glasses can be challenging. In addition, the client’s support system often believes that the effort of learning to wear glasses does not outweigh the benefits. The literature lacks evidence-based interventions and information on the effects of wearing glasses. This comment article aims to discuss the difficulties and opportunities for researching the impact of wearing glasses to correct refractive ametropia in people with a profound to moderate intellectual disability.
Assessment of Driven Pile Ultimate Capacity through Artificial Neural Network Analysis of Cone Penetration Test Data
Authors: Mojumder Md Ariful , Abu-Farsakh Murad Y. , Rosti Firouz , Chen Shengli
Published: August 2024

In this research, the application of an artificial neural network (ANN) was employed utilizing cone penetration test (CPT) information to produce an enhanced comprehension of the ultimate load-bearing capacity of piles. The ANN algorithm is independent of correlation assumptions as it uses prior cases/instances to grasp the relationship. A database of eighty pile load tests on squared precast/prestressed concrete (PPC) driven piles and corresponding CPT data was prepared in this regard, in which the ANN models were trained using these data. Feed-forward network techniques such as backpropagation algorithm, Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm were used with trial and error. The cone sleeve friction and corrected cone tip resistance were used to train numerous ANN models. A comparison was made between the prediction of ANN models and three pile-CPT methods, that is, Laboratoire central des pontes et chaussées (LCPC), probabilistic, and University of Florida (UF) methods. The findings of this research exhibited that ANN excels in the evaluation of ultimate capacity of squared PPC piles. A comparison was also made with LCPC, probabilistic, and UF method on the basis of reliability-based load and resistance factor design analysis, which also demonstrates higher resistance factors, ϕ, and superior efficiencies of ANN models over the traditional pile-CPT methods. Consequently, these discoveries reinforce the efficacy of utilizing ANN for assessing the ultimate load-bearing capacity of piles through the interpretation of CPT data.
Systematic Literature Review and Scientometric Analysis on the Advancements in Electrically Conductive Asphalt Technology for Smart and Sustainable Pavements
Authors: Yousafzai Arsalaan Khan , Sutanto Muslich Hartadi , Khan Muhammad Imran , Yaro Nura Shehu Aliyu , Baarimah Abdullah O. , Khan Nasir , Memon Abdul Muhaimin , Sani Abubakar Adamu
Published: August 2024

Plain asphalt typically is an insulator to the flow of electric current. It can be modified to conductive asphalt by adding various recyclable and environment-friendly conductive additives in it. Such asphalt can provide smart and multifunctional environmentally sustainable applications in the pavement industry. Its production and performance behavior parameters are, however, yet to be entirely understood. This study presents a review of literature on conductive asphalt using systematic literature review and scientometric analysis techniques to holistically understand conductive asphalt and current research developments in this field. The objective was to perform a critical review and scientometrically characterize the published research studies. Literature was acquired from credible research databases for the study duration from 2009 to 2022, and these were subsequently using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocol to identify the most relevant documents. Sixty-two bibliographic articles were consequently selected for the study. Systematic review identified the research themes and techniques adopted in the field of conductive asphalt technology, and the scientometric analysis quantified the characteristics of the articles. VOSViewer was utilized for visualizing the key findings of the quantitative analysis. Development of conductive asphalt has great research potential and improving its piezoresistivity and conductive network is the future research focus of smart asphalt technology. An experimental study was also conducted, and the results were presented. A dataset of 75 Marshall asphalt specimens of various mix proportions was compiled to assess the Marshall parameters, volumetrics, and their electrical resistivity. 60/70 penetration grade bitumen was used along with five waste tire metal fiber based modified asphalt mixes with contents 0%, 0.375%, 0.75%, 1.125%, and 1.5%. This review, along with experimental investigations, provided an in-depth understanding of conductive asphalt concrete’s behavior, the emerging trends to support future studies, and helped to identify the current major research themes and the corresponding challenges.
Evaluating the Impact of Maintenance Actions on Diverse Users in Shared Automobile, Bicycle, and Pedestrian Facilities
Authors: Chen Qiang , Miller-Hooks Elise , McNeil Sue , Stoffels Shelley , Hu Pengsen , Liu Yuanchi
Published: August 2024

The maintenance of roadways, bikeways, and sidewalks affects the users of not only the mode in which the maintenance action is taken, but also the users of other co-located modes. When such actions are taken simultaneously, either because of stovepiping in maintenance planning across modes or from larger projects that bundle these activities to improve efficiencies and reduce monetary costs, the activities can have very significant impacts on system users. Their impacts can be greater for the users of one mode over another and for some user groups over others. To capture the perspectives of diverse users and multi-modal traffic on shared facilities, a multi-modal network modeling methodology considering several additional important attributes (e.g., safety, slope, and costs at intersections) is proposed. An embedded traffic assignment model in mixed traffic of different modes is solved through a fast bush-based traffic assignment algorithm. Measurements of mobility, accessibility, safety, and proportional fairness are considered in impact evaluation. The developed method and metrics are applied to a case study replicating a portion of the business district adjacent to the University of Delaware campus. Outcomes from application of these tools show the existence of inequities across users.