bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Physical Activity and Lifestyle in Pre-infection on the Susceptibility and Prognosis of Infects With COVID-19
Authors: Huang Baozhen , Zhang Shixi , Gong Jiuyu , Niu Yanlin , Zhang Fengjuan , Jiang Lin , Wang Mingming , Cui Jing , Li Weixin , Jin Cheng , Bao Pengtao , Li Diangeng
Published: July 2020

Background

There are very few studies focusing on the relationship between COVID-19 and pre-infection lifestyle. In the absence of effective vaccines and special-effect medicines, it is very meaningful to actively respond to the disease pandemic by improving lifestyle habits.
Methods

This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study enrolled 431 adult people including 228 normal people and 203 confirmed infects in Wubei, Henan and Shandong Provinces. Questionnaires were used to collect information on physical activity and lifestyle by competent doctors. The univariate logistic regression models and multiple regression models were used in risk factor analysis. Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to test the correlation.
Results

Lifestyle habits including exercise, smoking, sleep and physical activity can significantly affect the probability of getting COVID-19(P < 0.05). The MET (Metabolic Equivalent) intensity classification and sleep status are found to be the potential influencing factors of prognosis in both all infects and symptomatic patients. In all infects, taking the high MET intensity level as a reference, inpatient days would increase by 1.812 times (95% CI: 0.887–3.701) with no significance when the level is moderate (P > 0.05) and significantly increase by 6.674 times (95% CI: 1.613–27.613) when the level is low (P < 0.05). Kruskal-Wallis H test results showed moderate activity MET*min promoted shorter hospital stay (P < 0.05) mainly.
Conclusions

Sleep status and physical activity influenced the susceptibility and prognosis of COVID-19. Lack of sleep and low MET intensity level may prolong the hospital stay, which means a relatively slow recovery. This encourages the public to have moderate physical activity and adequate sleep to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic actively.
A Protocol for a Systematic Review of Economic Evaluation Studies Conducted on Influenza and Recent Pandemic Prevention and Control
Authors: Yigezu Amanuel , Mengistu Mezgebu , Mikuzie Alemnesh
Published: July 2020

Background: The COVID-19, illness caused by a novel coronavirus, is the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness in Wuhan, Hubei Province China beginning in 31 December 2019. The direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic and the public health measures taken to prevent the distribution of the pandemic on mortality and morbidity, and social and economic status of the community are enormous. The public health measures against the pandemic such as school closure, unemployment and business shutdown incur cost on the society; reduce the provision and quality of health services due to the diversion of resource allocation to COVID-19 response (prevention and control) activities; result in negative influence on the healthcare seeking behavior of the society; and increase cost of seeking healthcare due to reduced global pharmaceutical supply chain. Evidence-based decision is crucial to prevent and manage the catastrophic impact of a pandemic and its public health measures. The aim of this review is to systematically review economic evaluation of interventions to respond to coronavirus pandemics in the global perspective. We included researches on influenza pandemic and COVID-19 as there are only few studies conducted in COVID-19.Method: A full and partial economic analysis conducted on influenza and COVID-19 pandemic published in English language between 2012 and 2020 will be eligible. Studies with and without comparators will be included. We will build an exhaustive database search strategy in the global health cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) registry, PubMed, African Journals online and Elsevier for relevant studies. We will do a hand-searching of cited research and bibliographies of all identified relevant studies. Two authors will independently select potentially eligible titles and abstracts, extract data from selected studies using structured collection form after a pre-test and do a risk of bias assessment. Third author will be involved if there is disagreement between the two. If variation of extracted data between the reviewers is observed, the phase will be repeated, and if discrepancies between data extractors continued, third reviewer will be involved. We will use a narrative summary and tables to summarize the result and characteristics of eligible studies. In addition, attempts will be made to change reports in case and death averted to disability life year averted (DALY) averted.Discussion: Unless a careful decision is made to control a pandemic; the health, economy, social, and political aspect of countries will be in impacted. Public health measures that are implemented to respond to a pandemic should be cost-effective. This review will systematically analyze economic evaluation studies conducted on influenza and COVID-19 pandemics and synthesize evidence for public health measures. This review will further identify existing gaps in research for more studies. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO: CRD42020192384
B-Cell Gene Expression and Microbiota Prior Immunization Profile Vaccine Humoral Responsiveness
Authors: Gonçalves Elena , Guillén Yolanda , Lama Javier R , Sanchez Jorge , Brander Christian , Paredes Roger , Combadière Behazine
Published: July 2020

Background: The identification of new biomarkers is essential to making it possible to predict the degree of protection following vaccination. Very few human studies have focused on baseline characteristics including microbiota and gene expression to underlie vaccine immune responsiveness. We investigated the host whole-blood transcriptome and microbiome before vaccination, to assess the likelihood of their involvement in an effective MVA-neutralizing antibody response (MVA-Nab) two months later. Results: We based our analyses on data obtained ­from a randomized clinical study in which participants (n=10) were vaccinated with the MVA-HIV clade B vaccine (MVA-B). Samples were collected at 2-time points prior vaccination (week-2, w0) to study blood transcriptome. Skin wrap (site of vaccination) and stool microbiota were analysed for diversity and abundance (16S rRNAseq). MVA-neutralizing antibody responses were measured at week 8. The levels of MVA-Nab responses were positively correlated with an abundance of Eubacterium in stool and Prevotella in skin. The simultaneous investigation of blood transcriptome and host microbiota before vaccination showed that genus diversity and bacterial abundance at that time correlated significantly with the expression of genes involved in B cell development stages. The combination of gene expression and microbiota makes it possible to forecast strong responders to MVA-B vaccination.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study integrating host blood gene expression and microbiota before vaccination to predict the intensity of humoral response months later. The genes identified are involved in B cell differentiation might open an avenue of research in this field to optimize vaccination strategies.
Dynamic imaging in pollen morphology
Authors: Nagy Janos , Tálas László , Hajós Márta Novák , Bojté Csilla , Kiss Alexandra , Szűcs Máté , Illés Árpád , Bojtor Csaba , Mousavi Seyed Mohammad Nasir , Domonkos Dávid , Baksa Viktória , Szemán-Nagy Gábor
Published: July 2020

The performance of domestic agriculture and the food industry is constantly increasing. Demand for food is growing on the global market, with domestic food export growing by 10% in 2019. However, there are still reserves in exploiting the growth path and transforming it into income. Efficiency, revenue and profit growth of each product line depends on numerous factors; one of the key tools being the monitoring of the production process, getting to know the production environment accurately, data collecting, database building, development of applications that support automated interventions and decisions, and integration the above tools. The fundamental objective goal of the presented research is to approach the research of maize pollen cells as an agriculturally relevant model organism from a new direction, the long-term (Time-Lapse System) microscopic study of the growth dynamics of the pollen germ tube. In the scope of the research, two industrially and agriculturally important aspects taken into account, which also detected digitally: the growth of the maize pollen germ tube and the viability of the pollen. The research can provide a basis for the more accurate understanding and subsequent study of the effects of different biotic and abiotic stress factors on pollen growth, and may open up new possibilities in the field of digital agricultural biotechnology.
Determinants of hand hygiene practice at critical times among food handlers in educational institutions in Sagnarigu Municipality of Ghana: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Amegah Kingsley E. , Addo Henry O. , Ashinyo Mary E. , Fiagbe Loveland , Akpanya Serene , Akoriyea Samuel K. , Dubik S. Dajaan
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION: Food handlers' hands serve as a vehicle for potential foodborne pathogenic contamination which constitutes a public health risk. In Ghana, there are always constant reports of outbreak of foodborne diseases in schools. However, determinants of hand hygiene practice among educational institutions food handlers are little known in Ghana. The study, therefore, aimed to assess the determinants of hand hygiene practice at critical times among educational institutions food handlers in the Sagnarigu Municipality of Ghana.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey among educational institutions food handlers in the Sagnarigu Municipality. Two hundred and six food handlers were selected through convenience sampling in the educational institutions. At the same time, structured questions that were developed from previous studies were used to assess food handlers' hand hygiene practice at critical times. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models. All variables with their respective confidence interval (95%) and adjusted odds ratios were declared significant at p-value less than 0.05.RESULTS: The hand hygiene practice at critical times among the food handlers was relatively good 66.0% (95% CI: 59.1, 72.5%) and is independently predicted by training on food safety [AOR = 24.39, (95% CI: 2.24 – 245.45) p=0.007], sufficient knowledge of hand hygiene [AOR = 16.34, (95% CI: 3.92 – 68.05) p<0.001] and positive attitude towards hand hygiene [AOR = 82.08, (95% CI: 14.21-474.26) p<0.001]. Only 17.0% of the food handlers demonstrated proper handwashing techniques whereas a good number (85.4%) of the food handlers did not wash their hands after touching money.CONCLUSION: Good hand hygiene practice at critical times was influenced by training on food safety, sufficient knowledge of hand hygiene, and positive attitudes towards hand hygiene. These findings demonstrate the significant role of food handlers' hand hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and training on food safety in improving hand hygiene practices. Concerned stakeholders and organizations should focus on WASH interventions that seek to improve educational institutions food handlers’ knowledge and attitudes towards hand hygiene, coupled with training on food safety.
PREDICTION OF TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA-COPD OVERLAP COMBINED WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: Tymchenko Hanna
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Recently, there has been an increase in the prevalence of comorbid conditions, including a combination of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, called asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap, and their combination with hypertension. The presence of combined pathology causes an increase in the severity of symptoms and functional disorders, in numbers of exacerbations, deterioration of quality of life and tolerance to exercise, and also causes difficulties in selecting a comprehensive treatment for this group of patients. That is why the aim of our study was to optimize and predict the effectiveness of treatment of patients with bronchial asthma in combination with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the background of hypertension based on assessing the dynamics of clinical and laboratory and functional status in different treatment regimens.
Materials and methods. 100 patients with bronchial asthma in combination with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the background of hypertension were selected. Patients underwent: general clinical examination, determination of respiratory function, clinical blood tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, questionnaires to determine symptoms and quality of life, as well as a functional study with a six-minute walk test in the dynamics of complex basic treatment with the physical rehabilitation program.
Research results. Adding an active rehabilitation program to standard medical treatment significantly improves the bronchial response to the action of bronchodilators according to the spirometry, reduces clinical manifestations, shortness of breath, and improves the quality of life and exercise tolerance. The presence of such criteria as the forced expiratory volume in 1 second < 69%, the forced expiratory flow 50% < 21.6% and the forced expiratory flow 75% < 31.65%, C-reactive protein > 7.6 g / l, interleukin 8 > 18.13 pg/ml may provide tolerance to the program of physical rehabilitation and the inexpediency of its use.
Conclusions. Under the influence of rehabilitation measures applied by us, patients experienced some positive changes in cardiovascular and respiratory function, exercise tolerance, and quality of life, although some patients do not respond to the addition of a comprehensive rehabilitation program associated with such baseline parameters as forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced expiratory flow 50% and the forced expiratory flow 75%, C-reactive protein, interleukin 8
ASSOCIATION OF BLOOD GROUPS OF THE AB0 SYSTEM WITH HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Krotyuk D. А. , Luhovykh N. P. , Bilokon S. V. , Miros S. L. , Sechnyak A. L.
Published: July 2020

Hepatitis C is a viral liver disease caused by HCV. Worldwide, 71 million people suffer from chronic hepatitis C infection. There is a discussion in the literature sources about the association of blood groups of the AB0 system with viral hepatitis; however, the data obtained in different populations of high rank is controversial. The aim of the study was to investigate possible associations of blood groups of the AB0 system with hepatitis C in the Odessa region.
The case-control study was conducted in 2017–2019 at the blood transfusion station of SE «Odessa Railway». The control group consisted of 18 963 healthy individuals, the experimental group consisted of 520 people from the donors examined, in which blood antibodies to HCV were detected. Determination of blood groups was performed according to the standard method, serological studies – ELISA on ELISA analyzer III.
The analysis using the χ2 criterion showed that the frequencies of blood groups in the control and experimental groups differed significantly (p ≤ 0.005). To determine the effects of each blood group, relative risk frequencies for each blood group were calculated. People with the AB blood group had the lowest risk of infection (OR = 0.60), with a slightly weaker negative association observed among people with blood group 0 (OR = 0.86). Individuals with blood groups A and B had a positive association; the rate of infection of persons with blood group B was the highest (OR = 1.23). The findings complement a diverse picture of such associations in different populations. The variation in associations in different populations may be due to both statistical causes and genetic diversity of human and HCV populations, as well as the interaction between human immunity-related genetic systems. The existence of associations between the AB0 system and susceptibility/immunity to hepatitis C may be an additional indicator of the assessment of risk groups, which is functional for certain populations in certain sanitary and epidemiological conditions.
Molecular transformation of dissolved organic matter in refinery wastewater
Authors: Li Yuguo , He Chen , Li Ze , Zhang Yuxi , Wu Baichun , Shi Quan
Published: July 2020

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) has an important impact on the water treatment and reuse of petroleum refinery wastewater. In order to improve the treatment efficiency, it is necessary to understand the chemical composition of the DOM in the treatment processes. In this paper, the molecular composition of DOM in wastewater samples from a representative refinery were characterized. The transformation of various compounds along the wastewater treatment processes was investigated. A total of 61 heteroatomic class species were detected from the DOM extracts, in which CHO (molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms) and CHOS (CHO molecules that also contained sulfur) class species were the most abundant and account for 78.43% in relative mass peak abundance. The solid phase extraction DOM from the dichloromethane unextractable fraction exhibited a more complex molecular composition and contained more oxygen atoms than in the dichloromethane extract. During wastewater treatment processes, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia-nitrogen were reduced by more than 90%. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) accounted for about 30% of the total COD, in which benzene and toluene were dominant. After biochemical treatment, the VOCs were effectively removed but the molecular diversity of the DOM was increased and new compounds were generated. Sulfur-containing class species were more recalcitrant to biodegradation, so the origin and transformation of these compounds should be the subject of further research.
A study of work and improve of water content in PEMFC with liquid cooling
Authors: Agapov Konstantin V. , Dunikov Dmitriy O. , Kuzmin Kirill D. , Stoyanov Evgeniy V.
Published: July 2020

In this publication, in addition to focusing on the engineering component in creating our own test bench for trying various modes and the overall performance of solid polymer fuel cells with electric power of more than 2 kW, the features of the result of the operation of a liquid-cooled fuel cell in the field of heat transfer are displayed. It is known that its performance and service life depend on a properly tuned water and thermal balance of the fuel cell. The problem area is described in the insufficient moisture content of the supplied air to the fuel cell and the excess heat in the fuel cell. In this case, the negative consequence is that additional resistance to the rate of the electrochemical reaction is created, as a result of which the generated power decreases. A possible way to solve this problem is proposed: so, according to the heat balance equation, by increasing the temperature difference between the incoming and outgoing heat carrier, more heat energy can be removed. The temperature difference was achieved using a water-air radiator. The increased removal of thermal energy allowed the condensation of part of the moisture inside the fuel cell, maintaining the humidity and conductivity of the membrane, but not allowing flooding of the channels with liquid water, which otherwise could lead to a decrease in performance. During the tests, it was possible to increase the removed power by 321 w, which is 8.4% in excess of the maximum power. Based on the obtained experimental results, dependencies were constructed that are expressed by the current-voltage characteristic, power curve, the amount of heat removed by the water from the fuel cell, and a graph of the change in water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell at various stages of operation.
Research of rheological properties and displacement of high-paraffin oil
Authors: Puldas Lyudmila A. , Potochnyak Igor R. , Kuzina Olga A. , Vazhenin Denis A. , Grigoriev Boris V.
Published: July 2020

One of the urgent problems in the extraction of hard-to-recover reserves (TRIZ) of oil is the formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits (AFS) at oil fields, which entails a number of complications when extracting reserves from the subsoil. In solving the problems associated with the study of the mechanism of deposition of asphalt-resin-paraffin complexes on the downhole equipment or inside the reservoir, the leading role is played by laboratory studies with modeling of objects and conditions inherent in a particular field. In particular, it is necessary to prepare model solutions of hydrocarbons simulating downhole oil containing asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits.
The purpose of this work was to establish by an experimental method the dependence of the rheological properties of model oil solutions on the amount of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits dissolved in it, and to study the efficiency of displacing the prepared model oil solution from the bulk model of core with sodium laurine sulfate.
The novelty of the work lies in comparing the effect of the mass content of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits on the viscosity and density for light and heavy oils and in studying the effectiveness of sodium laurine sulfate when displacing paraffin oil.
Several oil solutions were prepared with various mass proportions of ARPD in them, after which the temperature dependence of the viscosity and density of each solution was determined.
It has been established that the presence of asphalt-resin-paraffin complexes more strongly affects the density when they are dissolved in light oil. As the mass concentration of paraffin deposits increases, their effect on density decreases for both the light oil sample and the heavy oil sample.
The viscosity of the presence of paraffin is much more pronounced if they are dissolved in heavy oil than in light oil. There is a phase transformation point for asphalt-resin-paraffin complexes, which will need to be taken into account when setting up laboratory studies to study the mechanism of deposits of asphaltenes, resins, paraffins in the reservoir or downhole equipment.
An experimental method was also used to study the displacement ability of sodium laurinsulfate on a bulk core model saturated with prepared model oil solutions, which are paraffinic oil. It was established that this surfactant has a greater oil displacement efficiency compared to water, in addition, based on the result, it follows that the oil displacement coefficient non-linearly depends on temperature. So, when oil is being displaced with paraffin deposits dissolved in it, there is an optimum temperature at which the maximum oil displacement coefficient is ensured.
Apoptosis-Inducing Activity and Antiproliferative Effect of Gossypin on PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Cinar Irfan
Published: July 2020

Aim:

The rapid growth, morbidity and mortality of prostate cancer, and the lack of effective treatment
have attracted great interest of researchers to find novel cancer therapies aiming at the effect of gossypin on cell
proliferation and apoptosis of PC-3 cells.

Methods:

The effect of gossypin on cell viability was determined using MTT assay at 5-100μg/ml and cisplatin
(50μM) in a time-dependent manner in PC-3 cell lines. The expression levels of caspase-3 (CASP3) and
caspase-9 (CASP9) for apoptosis and Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFKB1) for survival, inflammation, and growth
were evaluated by real-time PCR. Hoechst staining was used to analyze apoptosis.

Results:

Gossypin showed an anti-proliferative effect on PC3 cell line in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In
addition, gossypin led to a significant increase in apoptosis genes (CASP3, CASP9) when compared to control
while it caused a decrease in the level of NFKB1, which is accepted as apoptosis inhibitor (p<0.05) (cisplatin-like).
Gossypin 50 and 100μM significantly induced apoptotic mechanism in PC-3 cells. However, no apoptotic or
commonly stained nuclei have been observed in control group cells.

Conclusion:

The results indicated that gossypin can be defined as a promising anticancer agent for PC-3 human
prostate cancer cell line.
Feasibility of the Web-Based Intervention Designed to Educate and Improve Adherence Through Learning to Use Continuous Glucose Monitor (IDEAL CGM) Training and Follow-Up Support Intervention: Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Smith Madison B , Albanese-O'Neill Anastasia , Yao Yingwei , Wilkie Diana J , Haller Michael J , Keenan Gail M
Published: July 2020

Background

Proper training and follow-up for patients new to continuous glucose monitor (CGM) use are required to maintain adherence and achieve diabetes-related outcomes. However, CGM training is hampered by the lack of evidence-based standards and poor reimbursement. We hypothesized that web-based CGM training and education would be effective and could be provided with minimal burden to the health care team.

Objective

The aim of this study was to perform a pilot feasibility study testing a theory-driven, web-based intervention designed to provide extended training and follow-up support to adolescents and young adults newly implementing CGM and to describe CGM adherence, glycemic control, and CGM-specific psychosocial measures before and after the intervention.

Methods

The “Intervention Designed to Educate and improve Adherence through Learning to use CGM (IDEAL CGM)” web-based training intervention was based on supporting literature and theoretical concepts adapted from the health belief model and social cognitive theory. Patients new to CGM, who were aged 15-24 years with type 1 diabetes for more than 6 months were recruited from within a public university’s endocrinology clinic. Participants were randomized to enhanced standard care or enhanced standard care plus the IDEAL CGM intervention using a 1:3 randomization scheme. Hemoglobin A1c levels and psychosocial measures were assessed at baseline and 3 months after start of the intervention.

Results

Ten eligible subjects were approached for recruitment and 8 were randomized. Within the IDEAL CGM group, 4 of the 6 participants received exposure to the web-based training. Half of the participants completed at least 5 of the 7 modules; however, dosage of the intervention and level of engagement varied widely among the participants. This study provided proof of concept for use of a web-based intervention to deliver follow-up CGM training and support. However, revisions to the intervention are needed in order to improve engagement and determine feasibility.

Conclusions

This pilot study underscores the importance of continued research efforts to optimize the use of web-based intervention tools for their potential to improve adherence and glycemic control and the psychosocial impact of the use of diabetes technologies without adding significant burden to the health care team. Enhancements should be made to the intervention to increase engagement, maximize responsiveness, and ensure attainment of the skills necessary to achieve consistent use and improvements in glycemic control prior to the design of a larger well-powered clinical trial to establish feasibility.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03367351, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03367351.
Contact Tracing in Healthcare Settings during the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Tang Guanglin , Westover Kenneth D , Jiang Steve B
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused great damages and it will likely linger for long time. Contact tracing in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic is of special importance because the population there are the most vulnerable to the pandemic. A good contact tracing technology in healthcare settings should be equipped with six features: promptness, simplicity, high precision, integration, minimized privacy concerns, and social fairness. Existing digital technologies can potentially provide elegant solutions for contact tracing in healthcare settings, of which the indoor real-time location system based on Bluetooth Low Energy and artificial intelligence may be a good candidate.
Containing the High Incidence of COVID-19 in the Urban Slums of Nairobi: The Case of Kibera
Authors: Kakonge Amb. Dr. John O.
Published: July 2020

Globally, urban slums (in most cases, informal settlements) have been hit badly by novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The reasons for this include the cramped living conditions that make social distancing impossible, and high levels of poverty and unemployment that make masks and clean water for hand washing unaffordable to many slum residents. This paper makes the case for upgrading Kibera, which is long overdue. The United Nations General Assembly endorsed the upgrading of urban slums as a priority Sustainable Development Goal in 2015. To win the war against coronavirus in Kibera, the Government should adopt a bottom-up approach, using the existing community leadership and youth groups, as opposed to a top-down approach. Given the increasing number of positive cases of coronavirus in Kibera, the Government must apply a selective lockdown, as it did in Eastleigh, Mandera and old town Mombasa. Winning the war in Kibera ultimately depends not only on Government efforts, but also on the commitments of local communities and individual residents.
Data Practices in Digital History
Authors: Ma Rongqian , Xiao Fanghui
Published: July 2020

This paper presents an exploratory research project that investigates data practices in digital history research. Emerging from the 1950s and â€˜60s in the United States, digital history remains a charged topic among historians, requiring a new research paradigm that includes new concepts and methodologies, an intensive degree of interdisciplinary, inter-institutional, and international collaboration, and experimental forms of research sharing, publishing, and evaluation. Using mixed methods of interviews and questionnaire, we identified data challenges in digital history research practices from three perspectives: ontology (e.g., the notion of data in historical research); workflow (e.g., data collection, processing, preservation, presentation and sharing); and challenges. Extending from the results, we also provide a critical discussion of the state-of-art in digital history research, particularly in respect of metadata, data sharing, digital history training, collaboration, as well as the transformation of librariansâ€™ roles in digital history projects. We conclude with provisional recommendations of better data practices for participants in digital history, from the perspective of library and information science.
Understanding the Data Management Plan as a Boundary Object through a Multi-stakeholder perspective
Authors: Kvale Live , Pharo Nils
Published: July 2020

A three-phase Delphi study was used to investigate an emerging community for research data management in Norway and their understanding and application of data management plans (DMPs). The findings reveal visions of what the DMP should be as well as different practice approaches, yet the stakeholders present common goals. This paper discusses the different perspectives on the DMP by applying Star and Griesemer’s theory of boundary objects (Star & Griesemer, 1989). The debate on what the DMP is and the findings presented are relevant to all research communities currently implementing DMP procedures and requirements. The current discussions about DMPs tend to be distant from the active researchers and limited to the needs of funders and institutions rather than to the usefulness for researchers. By analysing the DMP as a boundary object, plastic and adaptable yet with a robust identity (Star & Griesemer, 1989), and by translating between worlds where collaboration on data sharing can take place we expand the perspectives and include all stakeholders. An understanding of the DMP as a boundary object can shift the focus from shaping a DMP which fulfils funders’ requirements to enabling collaboration on data management and sharing across domains using standardised forms.
Preliminary Outcome Comparison of Flexible Uretero-Renoscopic Lasertripsy Versus PCNL in the Treatment of Staghorn Calculi
Authors: Koo Vincent , Ahmed Mussammet , Deshpande Aniket , Kodera Ahmed
Published: July 2020

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a well-established treatment for staghorn stones. Given the im-provement in technology and techniques of flexible ureterorenoscopic lasertripsy (FURS), we retrospectively compared its treatment outcome against PCNL for staghorn stones at our institution.

Materials and Methods

All patients with partial and complete staghorn stones treated by FURS or PCNL between December 2014 and December 2017 were included. Outcome measures included the duration of the procedure, length of stay, retreatment rate, auxiliary rate, complications, and clinical success rates (stone or dust-free status).

Results

Out of 22 staghorns, 10 (1 complete, 9 partial) had FURS and 12 (2 complete and 10 partial) had PCNL. Comparatively, the FURS group were older (mean 70.1 vs. 57.1 years, U-test p<0.001) with higher mean ASA scores (mean 2.3 vs. 1.5, U-test, p=0.04), with a similar body-mass index (mean 29.1 vs. 27.3), maximum stone size (29.7 vs. 34.6mm) and Hounsfield unit (836 vs. 891HU).

FURS was quicker to clinical success (102.4min vs. 159.5min, U-test p<0.001) and had shorter hospital stay (1.1d vs. 3.5d, U-test p<0.001). Higher primary procedure success [80% vs. 36%, 95% CI = (-3.0%, 74.5%)], higher overall success [90% vs. 73%, 95% CI = (-22%, 51%)], similar retreatment rate (10%), and higher auxiliary treatment rate (100% vs. 18%) were observed. 1 patient from FURS had a small intrapa-renchymal aspect of staghorn inaccessible to a laser. There were no complications in the FURS group. In the PCNL group, one developed a pseudoaneurysm requiring embolization, and 1 had failed PCNL access (excluded from the statistical calculation).

Conclusion

Our preliminary data suggest that FURS is efficacious and safe for staghorn stones treatment, and comparable to PCNL. In this context, we highlight FURS potential role as first-line management of staghorn stones.
ANALYSIS THE USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA ON TEACHING ENGLISH TO YOUNG LEARNER AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN BANDUNG
Authors: Resti Resti , Rachmijati Cynantia
Published: July 2020

Instructional media is a tool used by teachers to explain material in the classroom, which is anything that can be used to stimulate children's thoughts, attention, and feelings, to encourage the learning process. Therefore the teacher of English for young learner must create a fun classroom setting by using media, beside of technique and method to attract students attention. The aimed of this study is to describe the teacher's preparation and explain the use of media in the classroom. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods, by collecting data using interviews, observation, and document analysis. The results of this study indicate that in preparing the media, the teacher must understand the material to be taught and adjust the media to be used with the material. The use of media depend on the material, and on this research the media used by teachers are coursebooks, video, realia and picture.  Such as video to train on students' speaking and listening skills. Picture is to increase children's knowledge about vocabulary. Coursebooks are used to practice student's reading and writing skill, while realia is used to introduce children to real subject. Keywords:  English, Young learner, Instructional Media
AN ENGLISH TEACHER’S PERCEPTION ON THE REMOVAL OF THE ENGLISH SUBJECT AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Nurlatifah Elda Elda , Mauriyat Arham
Published: July 2020

The removal of English in elementary schools in the 2013 Curriculum has surprised education practitioners in Indonesia, whereas English is an international language that needs to be taught to all students throughout Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to analyze an English teacher’s perception on the removal of the English subject at elementary school in Cipatat. This research used a qualitative case study approach that focuses on individual experience through an interview. The results of this research explained that the removal of English made students not enthusiastic in learning English, which especially impacted on their lack of knowledge of vocabulary at the next level. Therefore, teachers must give more motivation to students despite their teaching load, and they must be more optimal and creative in teaching with limited time every week. On the other hand, as students in Indonesia tend to lack interest in reading, the removal of English at this level gives them an advantage, which is to make students increase their literacy and love their national language more.
THE USE DISCOVERY LEARNING METHOD IN TEACHING WRITING RECOUNT TEXT TO THE TENTH GRADE OF SMAN NGAMPRAH
Authors: Purnamasari Amel , Argawati Ningtyas Orilina
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the activities that occur during the teaching process of writing Recount Texts using the Discovery Learning method and to identify the benefits obtained by students from writing the Recount Text using the Discovery Learning method in the 2013 curriculum there is one learning model called Discovery Learning. Discovery Learning can help students to learn better because students can think critically and creative. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The research respondents were English teachers and the tenth grade students of Ngamprah High School. Data obtained from observations and interviews. The results of the study revealed that the results of this study were positive. Students who are taught by using the method of Discovery Learning play an active role in the teaching and learning process. The composition of their writing also shows good results in terms of content, organization, Grammar,vocabulary, and mechanics. Therefore, it is recommended to apply this learning model to teach writing Recount Texts.Keywords:  Discovery Learning, Writing Skills, Recount Text
THE WORD FORMATION PROCESS OF SLANG WORDS IN RICH BRIAN’S SONG TITLED DAT STICK
Authors: Hidayat Teo Mujibul , Mu'man Mu'man
Published: July 2020

The purposes of this research were to analyze the word formation process of slang words in Dat Stick song. Word formation is a change of words from old form to the new form. This research used descriptive method because the researcher described the word formation process of slang word in the song into the word or sentence in detail. This research used a documentation method to collect the data. The researcher used Yule (2010) theory to analyze the slang word. There are 10 types of word formation process which consist of coinage, borrowing, compounding, blending, clipping, and back-formation, conversion, acronym, derivation, and multiple process. Based on these 10 types, the researcher found 5 type of words formation process of 16 slang words. There were 9 from the clipping process, 1 from multiple process, 3 from acronym process, 1 from coinage process and 2 from blending process. Based on the results above, the most formed words were the clipping process. Keywords:  Word formation, Slang words, Song
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING MEMRISE APPLICATION IN TEACHING VOCABULARY
Authors: Nuralisah Ai Siti , Kareviati Evie
Published: July 2020

This research is based on the use of the Memrise application in a vocabulary study of seventh-grade students. This research was carried out based on a preliminary study which showed that students had difficulty learning English because of the lack of understanding of the vocabulary they had, and the method used by the teacher to teach vocabulary is still in a conventional way. The subjects of this study were 35 students consisting of 28 male and 10 female seventh-grade students of SMPN 1 Cililin. The purpose of this study is to improve students' understanding and achievement of vocabulary through the use of the Memrise application. Vocabulary tests and questionnaires were used as the instruments of eliciting the data. The results of the test and questionnaire study showed an increase in grades, and students' interest and motivation after using the memrise application in vocabulary learning. From the results obtained, it was concluded that memrise application is recommended to be used as an alternative method in teaching vocabulary. Besides students, with this Memrise application, it can add to the teacher's insight about the use of methods in teaching in the classroom.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JIGSAW TECHNIQUE IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Mutaqin Jaenal , Haryudin Acep
Published: July 2020

Reading is considered an important aspect for students because of its valuable benefits in developing knowledge. In English, one of the skills that must be mastered is reading skill. However, to comprehend the contents of the text well there were still many students who find it difficult, it is caused by inappropriate technique used by teachers in teaching English. Therefore, to improve their reading comprehension proper technique must be applied. The aim of this reseach is to investigate whether there was an improvement by using jigsaw technique in students' reading comprehension in eighth grade students at SMPN 2 Pasirkuda. The researcher used 33 students as a sample of this research using a pre-experimental design. The research instrument used a test in the pre-test and post-test. The result of this research presents that using jigsaw technique had the positive effect in improving reading comprehension. We can see the results from paired samples t-test that there is a significant difference for the pre- test score (M = 47.45, SD = 7,55) and post-test (M = 68.85, SD = 6,38), t (32) = -19,40, p <0.05. It concluded that the jigsaw technique improve the students’ reading comprehension. Keywords: Jigsaw Technique, Reading Comprehension
CORRELATION BETWEEN PREPARATION DOING TASKS OF LECTURING AND PREPARATION FACING FINAL EXAM (A Study of Students’ Habit in Learning)
Authors: Sudiyono Sudiyono
Published: July 2020

This research was about correlation between doing tasks of lecturing (X variable) and doing preparation facing final exam (Y variable). Data used in this research was the students of English Program of STKIP Siliwang Bandung, Semester VII academic year 2015-2016. The research concerns to find out the correlation between two variables observed, preparation doing tasks of lecturing and preparation facing the final exam. To achieve the most accurate results of this research, here researcher choose correlational method. The results of this research shown mean of X variable was 4.30 and mean of Y variable was 4.36. They mean that both activities (doing tasks of lecturing (X variable) and doing preparation facing final exam (Y variable) are high/good. But, the correlation between them was low/not significant, it was indicated by 0,23 scale of Likert. Keywords:  Lecturing, Tasks, Final Exam
Acerca del devenir de los paradigmas epistemológicos en Pedagogía Social y su impacto en el surgimiento de un pensamiento pedagógico latinoamericano
Authors: Juárez María Paula
Published: July 2020

El artículo tiene el propósito de realizar un recorrido en clave de lectura sociohistórica educativa en relación a la evolución de la Pedagogía Social situada en un contexto global y local. Se parte de considerar el impacto que los paradigmas epistemológicos subyacentes a su desarrollo han generado en ella en un devenir dinámico entendido como proceso de cambio continuo. El análisis se orienta a comprender las características que presentó dicho desarrollo considerando los paradigmas positivista y sociocrítico como grandes corrientes de pensamiento que movilizaron las Ciencias Sociales a lo largo de la historia y -en particular- la influencia que han tenido en el campo pedagógico, donde se destaca la configuración y el escenario de surgimiento de una pedagogía propiamente latinoamericana, entendida como un paradigma emergente de nuestra región.Palabras clave: educación, epistemología, pensamiento, América Latina, sentido crítico
Hacia un modelo de empleabilidad en educación superior
Authors: González-Lorente Cristina , Martínez-Clares Pilar
Published: July 2020

A través de una revisión bibliográfica, se pretende reflexionar sobre la importancia de incorporar la orientación a lo largo de la educación superior e incitar a la construcción activa del proyecto profesional y de vida como herramienta que favorece la transición a la vida activa. Se trata de una propuesta teórica que integra un modelo de empleabilidad que centra la atención en la necesidad de fomentar la identidad personal y profesional de cada alumno mediante un proceso continuo de formación y orientación a lo largo de la carrera. Comprender e integrar la importancia de trabajar la empleabilidad de los universitarios desde que inician sus estudios bajo la propuesta de este modelo puede representar nuevas oportunidades para realizar propuestas de intervención psicopedagógica, desde la orientación profesional en equilibrio con el triángulo formación-orientación-empleo y desde los servicios y organismos destinados a ello.Palabras clave: transición a la vida profesional, primer empleo, enseñanza superior, orientación profesional.
The Contemporary Political Processes Transformation in the Context of Society Digitalization: Key Scenarios
Authors: Volodenkov S. V.
Published: July 2020

Intensive introduction into actual political practice of digital communication technologies causes the need for scientists and experts to study several important issues related to the phenomenon of digitalization at the current stage of human civilization evolution. First of all, we are interested in the question of whether the introduction of digital communications into contemporary political processes causes corresponding transformations in the spheres of the functioning of the state and society. How correct is it to talk about the digitalization of the state and society by political scientists? Another essential issue for us is the definition of influence vectors: do the emergence and widespread dissemination of new types of communication technologies affect the emergence and development  of new types of social and political systems, or the state only uses new technological capabilities to ensure the effectiveness of political governance processes in today’s environment, maintaining and supporting the potential of traditional political regimes? What is the mutual influence of new communication technologies and political power institutions at present? Finally, the extremely important for us issue is what effects in the political sphere are generated by the implementation of digital communication technologies into actual practice and what are the main scenarios for the transformation of the contemporary political space in such conditions. Consideration of these issues is the subject of this work. The author makes an attempt to show that we can talk today about real transformations in the parameters of the state and society functioning, as well as in the sphere of their interaction. At the same time, traditional political regimes, having ceased to act as a monopoly source of political information due to the emergence of alternative actors of information and communication activities and the formation of competitive political space, are actively trying to maintain political control and stability in the current environment. Most scenarios of the evolution and transformation of the political space in the context of digitalization are associated precisely with the attempts of traditional institutions of power to maintain control over the sources, channels, and content of digital communication processes. At the same time, the socio-political interaction of the state and society becomes more intense in quantitative terms. However, the content side of this interaction is not undergoing significant changes.