bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling the trajectory tracking accuracy of an autonomous catamaran patrol vessel under different positional data disturbance conditions
Authors: Udal Andres , Kaugerand Jaanus , Mõlder Heigo , Astrov Igor , Bauk Sanja
Published: June 2024

A sharp increase in the importance of autonomous vehicles can be foreseen in future maritime transport. One important area of application of autonomous waterborne vehicles is the monitoring of the safety of sea routes and sea areas. In this case, an important subtask is following the desired coordinates and movement trajectories as accurately as possible, despite natural disturbances and malicious cyberattacks.
In this work, we discuss the model-based ship navigation with increased disturbance resistance to assure the desired control of a catamaran robot ship in different conditions of natural disturbances and missing global positioning data due to possible cyber-attacks. The considered example autonomous surface vessel (ASV) is a catamaran ship of 2.5 m length, developed at Tallinn University of Technology. Different from the previous studies, in this work we have completed the hydromechanical ship model with wind force model in order to simulate the influence of nonlinear environment conditions to the accuracy of ship navigation. The main result, illustrated by detailed numerical calculations, is that the availability of an accurate mathematical model of ASV together with accurate data from local sensors (in particular ship direction and wind speed sensors) can compensate for the lack of a GPS signal under cyber-attack conditions. In addition, we demonstrate with a numerical simulation how data fusion methodology, supplementing the wind effect measurements with local ship sensor data, can achieve even better navigation accuracy.
Advancing competency assessment
Authors: Bulan Marlon , Bacasdoon Jeric
Published: June 2024

The intricate landscape of assessing seafarers' competencies demands a comprehensive approach that ensures they possess the necessary skills to handle safety-critical duties, given the immense responsibility—people's lives, marine ecosystems, and properties valued in millions—entrusted to them. While Competency-Based Assessment offers consistent and objective evaluations through computer-based assessment, it faces limitations in assessing higher cognitive skills and meeting the Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping (STCW) criteria. This research explores the potential of integrating authentic assessment with computer-based assessment to address these limitations. Through a systematic literature review, the study highlights the strengths of authentic assessment, such as its grounding in real-life scenarios and learner-centered methodologies. These characteristics can be leveraged to align computer-based assessment questions and tasks with STCW requirements. Moreover, authentic assessments empower learners through contextualized evaluations, bridging the gap between skill sets and workplace applications. Integrating authentic assessment enhances the quality of computer-based assessment questions and tasks, providing a more rigorous evaluation of seafarers' competencies. While challenges in implementation need to be addressed, the potential synergy between authentic assessment and computer-based assessment presents a promising approach. This study proposes an enhanced assessment methodology that combines the strengths of computer-based assessment and authentic assessment, navigating the complexities of assessing seafarers' competencies while addressing the inherent challenges in competence-based assessment. This integrated approach holds promise for ensuring that seafarers possess the necessary skills to fulfil their safety-critical responsibilities.
Shifting from global maritime professional to global maritime citizen
Authors: Bayotas Mao Tze
Published: June 2024

The evolution of maritime education and framework started with the foundation framework established by the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), which focuses primarily on the technical competence of seafarers. Then, the International Association of Maritime Universities (IAMU) built on the STCW Code framework, producing the Global Maritime Professional Body of Knowledge (GMP BoK) in 2019 with the mission of producing a holistic and resilient education for seafarers in the new age of the maritime industry. This study was developed to advance the two frameworks further, thus completing the evolution from being a competent professional to a global maritime professional and eventually to becoming a Global Maritime Citizen. The development of an elective course for the Global Maritime Citizen Program utilized a conceptual design by the triangulation of the three frameworks, namely the STCW Code, GMP BoK, and the Global Citizenship Education (GCED) framework. The structure of the elective course was patterned after the International Maritime Organization (IMO) model course, which was founded on an outcome-based education. The developed elective course could pave the way for the incorporation of the GCED framework in the development of maritime higher education curricula. This would not only produce graduates who are technically competent and holistically proficient but also prime movers in the accomplishment of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (USDG), affecting the maritime industry in a positive and innovative way.
Integrating continuous pollutant measurements with time-lapse photography to evaluate inland vessel surroundings' influence on wheelhouse indoor air quality
Authors: Schalm Olivier , Jacobs Werner
Published: June 2024

The indoor air quality in the wheelhouse of an inland tanker was assessed through monitoring campaigns. The continuous-time measurements gathered data on NO2, O3, NO, CO, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), and particulate matter (PM2.5). The time series exhibited irregular concentration profiles characterized by narrow and broader peaks atop a gradually fluctuating baseline. These peaks denote sudden environmental changes, occurring within specific time frames and locations, indicating moments of poorer indoor air quality. The synchrony between peaks of different pollutants suggests that many of the narrow pollution peaks originate from exhaust emissions. Previous research has indicated that exhaust gas in outdoor air could infiltrate the wheelhouse via the ventilation system. However, multiple factors within the ship's vicinity (e.g., nearby industries, specific manoeuvres, or passing vessels) could also contribute to the occurrence of pollution peaks in the wheelhouse. To explore the synchrony between pollution peaks in the wheelhouse and events in the surroundings of the ship, a time-lapse camera capturing time-stamped images of the ship's front view has been installed. Analysis of these images in conjunction with the simultaneous occurrence of pollution peaks as observed in time series indicates the existence of multiple pollution sources influencing the indoor air quality in the wheelhouse. The various sources of pollution form an interlinked network of hazards that collectively influence indoor air quality. Each source has the potential to induce changes within this network and can, to a certain extent, affect other hazards. Furthermore, non-polluting elements within this network also contribute significantly to the variable behaviour of the network. For example, crew decisions regarding navigation and manoeuvers play affect the dynamics of this network.
Characterization of tugboats activity within spanish ports
Authors: Ribet Gómez Josep Albert , Castells Sanabra Marcel·la , Borén Altés Clara , Martínez de Osés Francesc Xavier , Mujal Colilles Anna
Published: June 2024

The maritime industry's vital role in global trade contrasts with its significant greenhouse gas emissions. Pollution emitted from ports comes from different sources, one of which is merchant ships constantly docking and undocking and other auxiliary port vessels working continuously throughout the year (e.g., pilotage vessels, bunkering barges, vessel-generated waste collection services, mooring and unmooring services and port tugs). Port tugboats sail between terminals and provide docking, undocking and removing merchant ship services. This leads to a high variability on tugs’ manoeuvres. The first and most representative characteristic of a tug’s manoeuvre is the vessel in need of the service (e.g., ship particulars, cargo carried or mooring zone, among others), which usually defines the type of manoeuvre and the number of tugs needed. This study presents the initial phase of the research project TUG-EMI (Optimizing in-port tugboats emissions) aiming at reducing in-port emissions by optimizing tug’s manoeuvres. At this stage, the project focuses on characterizing tug manoeuvres within Spanish ports by combining a general overview of tug characteristics and prescriptions of port tugboat services in Spain, incorporating insights from stakeholder interviews. Tug shipmasters and chief engineers with a large experience are interviewed, aiming to obtain detailed information of how manoeuvres are performed and how to characterize them.
Climate governance: Relationship between the port states, the coastal states, and the flag states through the Venn diagram.
Authors: Rodriguez Luna Óscar Danilo , Martínez Marín Jesús Ezequiel
Published: June 2024

Climate change poses a unique challenge for global governance, particularly within maritime affairs. This study delves into MARPOL's role in enforcing environmental regulations under international law for effective climate governance. Shipping's substantial greenhouse gas emissions highlight the need for policies that transcend national boundaries, supervised by organizations like the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Port, Coastal, and Flag States each hold distinct responsibilities under international law, creating both challenges and opportunities for climate governance. Visualization through a Venn diagram can reveal overlapping authorities and potential gaps in regulatory coverage. Principles like no more favourable treatment and non-discrimination ensure fair enforcement across States. The complex governance landscape necessitates a deep understanding of international agreements and legal frameworks. Integrating theoretical foundations into a Venn diagram offers insights into relationships among maritime States, aiding in the coordination of climate efforts. Strengthened collaboration among these States is crucial for sustainable maritime climate governance and the protection of marine ecosystems from pollution.
A ternary diagram approach to investigate the competition within the bohai sea rim multi-port group
Authors: Lin Qin , Grifoll Colls Manel , Feng Hongxiang
Published: June 2024

Bohai Rim is the third "growth pole" in China's economic development. Tianjin Port, Dalian Port, and Qingdao Port in the Bohai Rim multi-port system compete fiercely for the position of the shipping center in northern China. Compared with the ternary diagram method, the comprehensive concentration index (CCI), Lerner index (LI), and spatial shift-share analysis (SSSA) are applied to investigate the concentration, inequality, and competitive dynamics of the Bohai Rim multi-port system during 1981–2021. This contribution aims to analyze the evolution path and dynamic mechanism of the Bohai Rim multi-port system. The method allows the development to be divided into three stages: the dominant stage of Tianjin Port from 1981–1990, the stage of efficiency competition from 1991–1996, and the ascending stage of Qingdao Port from 1997–2021. The results indicate that: i) the concentration of the Bohai Rim multi-port system is low, and balanced growth is ensured in the non-monopolistic competitive environment; ii) the internal competitiveness of the Bohai Rim multi-port system has gradually shifted from Tianjin Port to Qingdao Port, while the container transport in Dalian Port has slowly developed. iii) the container throughput of Dalian Port has declined since 2015, with weak competitiveness. The results suggest that Qingdao Port should be developed into the northern China shipping center. The method applied here may also be useful for similar multi-port systems elsewhere.
Ultrasonic Testing Techniques for Integrity Assessment of Hydraulic Turbine Runner
Authors:   École de Technologie Supérieure [ETS], Bajgholi Mohammad E ,   École de Technologie Supérieure [ETS], Viens Martin ,   Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec (IREQ), Rousseau Gilles ,   University of Waterloo, Ginzel Edward ,   Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec (IREQ), Thibault Denis ,   Institut de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec (IREQ), Gagnon Martin
Published: June 2024

Given the significance of minimizing energy production costs, ensuring continuous operation of power generation

machinery is imperative. Hydro-Québec, a leading entity in power generation, employs predictive models to forecast

the service life of its turbine runners to circumvent unplanned shutdowns. The reliability of these models heavily

depends on accurately characterizing runner flaws, which constitutes a critical input. This necessitates the application

of non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for flaw characterization hence the need to evaluate the effectiveness of

such methods and explore alternatives that could yield superior diagnostic results. This study aims to evaluate the

efficacy of NDT methods especially ultrasonic techniques providing dependable flaw data (both experimental and

simulation) to feed life and structural reliability estimation models. By refining the accuracy of these estimates, Hydro-Québec intends to reduce downtime, thereby lowering the costs associated with power generation. Despite

considerable research in this domain, a gap remains in our understanding of flaw detectability, particularly in the

welded joints of hydroelectric turbine runner blades. This extended investigation not only contributes to the

advancement of predictive maintenance strategies but also supports operational efficiency and cost reduction in energy

production.
Karakteristik Sari Buah Mangga Dengan Penambahan Konsentrasi Lemon Cina (Citrus microcarpa)
Authors: Breemer Rachel
Published: June 2024

Mangga adalah salah satu produk pertanian yang mudah rusak, sehingga diperlukan penanganan yang baik. Salah satu perlakuan yang dapat dilakukan adalah mengolahnya menjadi produk minuman jus buah, dimana asam sitrat diperlukan dalam pembuatan jus buah. Salah satu buah yang memiliki kandungan asam tinggi adalah lemon cina. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini digunakan lemon cina sebagai pengganti asam sitrat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan konsentrasi yang tepat dalam pembuatan jus mangga. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor, yaitu konsentrasi lemon cina yang terdiri dari 3 tingkat perlakuan, yaitu konsentrasi 0,5%; 1% dan 1,5% dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah parameter kimia yaitu vitamin C, total padatan terlarut dan pH. Selain itu, dilakukan juga uji tingkat kesukaan terhadap warna, aroma, rasa, dan keseluruhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan penambahan konsentrasi lemon cina sebesar 1,5% merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan vitamin C sebesar 64,33; padatan terlarut sebesar 16,3 dan pH sebesar 3,1. Pada uji hedonik dan kualitas hedonik, warna disukai (3,4) dan kuning (3,1), aroma disukai (3) dan rasa lemon cina (3), rasa disukai (3,4) dan rasa lemon cina (3), serta keseluruhan disukai (3,2).
4D PRINTING IN FOOD TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Kinjal P. Rana Ms. , Ashwini Mugale Dr. , Vijay Kele Dr.
Published: June 2024

A form of additive manufacturing, four-dimensional printing is an advancement above 3D printing. A recently discovered field in 4D printing, food printing is still in its infancy. The academic and business communities are paying close attention to 4D food printing. There aren't many articles reviews accessible for 4D food printing compared to other 4D printing fields. The current article provides a general overview of 4D printing with a focus on printing food. The impact of numerous stimuli on the characteristics of 4D printed food samples, such as colour, flavour, texture, and shape, is discussed in this paper. Additionally, it discusses the creation of 4D designs, food printing ink, and numerous techniques for printing 4D foods. Microwave heating or the impact of pH on printed food items are focused more by majority of 4D food printing research. The characteristics of the meal, such as colour, taste, aroma, texture, and form, varied in response to stimuli. Food resources for 4D printing include potato purees, soy protein isolate, buckwheat dough, starch etc. A stimulus-responsive substance makes up the printing liquid ink utilised in 4D food printing, causing spontaneous modifications in 3D produced structures. Vanillin powder, anthocyanin, and curcumin are examples of stimulus-responsive compounds used in 4D food printing. Curcumin's colour will alter in reaction to pH.. It is feasible to conduct experiments using a variety of stimuli-responsive materials and stimulating stimuli, including light.
CONTRIBUTION OF FUNGI IN THE PRODUCTION OF WEST AFRICA INDIGENOUS FERMENTED FOODS AND BEVERAGES
Authors: Taale Essodolom , Kadanga Ali Kpatcha , Adjanke Amakoe , Souho Tiatou , Amouzou Sabiba Kousanta
Published: June 2024

In West Africa countries, several traditional fermented foods, non-fermented and beverages like Agbélima, Attiéké, Dégué, Doklu, Gari, Gowé, fura, Kenkey, Koko, Kunun drink, lafun, Mawè, Nunu, Obiolor, Ogi, Pito, Tchapalo, Tchoukoutou, Wagashie, Wara, bissap, gnamakoudji, zoom koom, etc…. are homemade with artisanal technology. Those traditional foods provide a means of food preservation, improve their shelf life, and add nutrients in the food products. From those foods, LAB is reported to be the most predominant microorganism involved in the fermentation process. Still, also fungi species play a key role in the development of different characteristics of those foods, especially their organoleptic attributes, and contribute to increasing their lifetime by producing different compounds. So, this study attempts to show the role played by yeasts in these various foods. Most of the West African home-made foods harbor a diversity of microorganisms (microbes, yeasts, molds, and mushrooms) that work in a synergic manner in order to make a desired product. More studies are needed to characterize fungi and assess their biotechnology application fully.
THE ROLE OF MICROFUNGI IN THE HUMAN GUT MICROBIOTA
Authors: Pandey Snata
Published: June 2024

The gut mycobiome has recently gained significant attention due to its vast myriad of implied roles. The fungal commensalism residing in human guts, in low amounts, is involved in host homeostasis, digestion, mental balance and immunity. Several antifungal have been seen useful in relieving symptoms of neurological diseases. Dysbiosis of different fungal species is proved to be associated with gastric, autoimmune, and psychiatric diseases. A deeper understanding of the nature of dysbiosis involved in diseases and immunity can prove gut fungi to be instrumental in clinical treatments.
BIOENGINEERING ENERGY CROPS: MULTI-OMICS AND GENOME EDITING STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE POLYSACCHARIDES COMPOSITION IN BIOMASS
Authors: Saxena Shreshtha , Moharil Mangesh P. , Ingle Avinash P. , Mote Gopika K. , Dhiman Vedikaa
Published: June 2024

The utilization of cellulosic biomass as a raw material for the production in biorefineries is widespread due to its cost-effectiveness, recyclability, and availability. However, existing biorefineries are still expensive and inefficient. This is largely due to the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulosic biomass, which necessitates expensive pretreatment processes to degrade the plant cell wall and lignocellulolytic enzymes to convert cellulose to glucose. Multi-omics and genome editing are possible approaches to lower the cost of operating biorefineries while also increasing the amount of energy extracted from biomass. It has been reported that genetic engineering is a successful method for enhancing agricultural plants' productivity, biomass yields, and specific traits. This chapter examines the development of various genetic modification approaches to modify plant cell walls. It proposes the application of genetic modification ofvarious plants, as a potential solution to the high costs and limited yields associated with biorefineries also utilizing agricultural waste as a feedstock for generation energy. Overall, the development of reliable and effective lignocellulosic biomass conversion procedures into bioproducts should be facilitated by the combination of various molecular biology and multi-omics approach that concurrently gather structural and chemical information regarding the biomass.
EVALUATION OF GERMINATED RICE SEED USING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Rajini N Hema
Published: June 2024

Rice is the most important cultivated crops in all over the world particular in Asian countries. The germination of good seed has a great impact in the production of rice and crop yield. Presently the evaluation of seed to be germinated is processed manually by experienced farmer which is a time consuming and tedious task and most importantly it is a destructive method where the rice seeds are destroyed by fungus contamination. In this proposed work a non destructive evaluation of germinated rice seed system based on deep learning. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used for classification and segmentation of germinated rice seed. The performance of CNN classification model is shown to be better than the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification technique.
MODELING AND SIMULATION OF H6 TOPOLOGY USING SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMERLESS GRID CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
Authors: Kiruthiga Dr. B. , Banu Dr. R. Narmatha , Om Prakash Mr. A.
Published: June 2024

This paper proposes a new technology of solar energy system, which is gaining immense fashion ability due to the increase of significance to exploration on indispensable energy sources over reduction of the ordinary reactionary energies each across the world. The systems which are being generated excerpt solar in the most effective manner and utilizethem for the available loads without affecting their performance. In this paper, the development and control issues associated with the development of a1.8 kW prototype single- phase grid- connected photovoltaic system of multilevel protruded inverter are bandied. For the system current regulator, a ramp time zero average current error control system algorithm combined with an optimized cyclic switching conception sequence is suggested. Simulation results of Grid tie inverter have been considered to demonstrate the felicity of the total control system. The Simulation results parade bettered workinganalysis due to errors and the studied system is structured and dissembled in the MATLAB/ Simulink.
MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS: SOURCES AND IMPACT ON HEALTH
Authors: Singh Geeta , Mishra Seema
Published: June 2024

Nowadays, people have been exposed to several types of contaminants which have broad spectrum. These different kind of contaminates are result of fast evolving technology. The problem of human health and environmental risks has become a key problem for all the world. The present chapter deals with major environmental contaminants, their sources and their impact on health and environment. These contaminants cause major effect on the human health and also toxic for environment due to their chronic toxicity and persistance. So, it’s important to study about these contaminates and needed the efficient and ecological methods for their remedial from the environment. This chapter also provides a critical look at the major challenges posed by these emerging pollutants
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON MOLECULAR STRUCTURE RECOGNITION USING DEEP LEARNING METHODS
Authors: Ushaamurlidhar K. , Pilar Bharathi
Published: June 2024

Information about chemical substances molecular structural formula is typically displayed as 2D visuals in scientific literature and journals. Unfortunately, these molecular images cannot be interpreted by machines. Ample need of molecular structure automation highly demands the conversion of graphic structure molecular representations into legible formats. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various methods and tools that have been published in the field of Chemical Structure Recognition using Deep Learning methods. Most of the published methods achieved good results for specific type of structures.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF WATERMARK DETECTION AND RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES: CHALLENGES, APPLICATIONS, AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Safnaz Mr. , Pilar Bharathi
Published: June 2024

In terms of digital media security and copyright protection, watermark detection and recognition have become significant study fields. Identification and preservation of multimedia asset ownership are essential tasks in a period of broad digital content sharing. This review paper explores the developments achieved in this area by providing a thorough evaluation of watermark detection and recognition methods. The paper explores the fundamentals of watermarking and gives an overview of the several watermarking techniques used in image, video, and audio content. It talks about the difficulties that watermark detection systems encounter, such as robustness against attacks, effective processing, and resistance to unintended changes. The article also evaluates watermarking systems rigorously, highlighting any potential flaws that adversaries might try to exploit. It investigates the preventative measures put forth to boost the reliability of watermarking systems, hence enhancing the security of multimedia assets.
DESIGNING SMART CAR USING IOT TO PREVENT THE AUTOMATIC LOCKING OF DOOR FOR THE SAFETY OF CHILDREN
Authors: Madhura K Dr. , Manjula H M Dr.
Published: June 2024

The expanding way of life of substantial responsibility and quick existence of people has made them to fail to remember some fundamental things in their day to day existence or here and there flighty, either purposely or accidentally. The occupied and quick life has made them to forget even their own children and older guardians who will need support on some crisis circumstances. One such circumstance of ongoing years is getting caught inside the programmed locking framework vehicles lastly it prompts demise because of suffocation from absence of oxygen and abundance heat called as death because of hotness stroke. They would attempt to call for help however at times it will be undetected and even they would go after opening the vehicle entryway, yet because of absence of information how to open it they will be caught inside. This undertaking is with respect to the security of youngsters' or older individual who gets secured a programmed vehicles and the wards are unconscious of it. The proposed structure utilizes IOT smart devices with the relationship of gadgets like gesture measuring device, oxygen device and Raspberry Pi. The gadget improvement instrument which is utilized to see headway inside the vehicle and an oxygen device to gauge the oxygen level. These two device contraptions related with one another so oxygen device will be connected with advancement device and thus it is connected with Raspberry Pi. The oxygen devices will have a relationship with vehicle's modified focal locking framework also so when vehicle gets locked it begins evaluating the oxygen level. In the Raspberry Pi memory some crisis number will be selected. After the vehicle gets locked the oxygen device checks the degree of oxygen for at standard stretches. Right when the oxygen level decreases under the 80%, the oxygen device gives message to improvement device. Right when any improvement is recognized by the advancement device, it organizations Raspberry Pi and the security ready device. The Raspberry Pi gives a caution call to one of the crisis number and meanwhile vehicle utters an alarm sound.
CANCER CHRONICLES: UNDERSTANDING, TREATING, AND OVERCOMING: NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Farnaz Dr. Huma , Aggarwal Dr. Dipanshu
Published: June 2024

This abstract delves into the nuanced concept of health, focusing on the pivotal stages of treatment planning and the profound implications of cancer within this context. Health, encompassing both mental and physical well-being, stands as a cornerstone of human existence. The article underscores the initial significance of delineating treatment objectives to devise effective strategies that target the fundamental causes of health issues and foster sustainable wellness. The judicious selection of treatment regimens necessitates a holistic understanding of the underlying ailment and the distinct attributes of the individual undergoing treatment. The timely execution of treatment protocols remains instrumental in realizing desired therapeutic outcomes. The central aim frequently revolves around disease eradication or substantially extending life expectancy. Achieving these objectives mandates comprehensive approaches that encompass physical, psychosocial, and spiritual dimensions, often complemented by palliative care. Cancer, a formidable health challenge, emerges as an illustrative case study. Referred to metaphorically as "the Crab," cancer's impact is deeply intertwined with familial dynamics, with family support playing a pivotal role in the journey to recovery. The crux of cancer progression lies in the rapid proliferation of anomalous neoplastic cells, culminating in malignant tumors. Widespread metastasis and nodular dissemination contribute to the significant mortality rates, with a global toll of approximately 10 million deaths, including a noteworthy impact on pediatric populations. The World Health Organization (WHO), through the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), plays a pivotal role in cancer management by classifying cancer-causing agents, thereby aiding in identification, management, and prognostication. Age surfaces as a critical factor in cancer incidence, primarily attributed to the accumulation of age-related risks. Patients are encouraged to seek guidance to break free from detrimental habits such as alcohol consumption, smoking, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, and exposure to air pollution. Moreover, chronic diseases such as Helicobacter pylori infection, human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B and C viruses, and Epstein-Barr virus heighten the susceptibility to specific cancers. HPV, for instance, is intrinsically linked to cervical cancer, whereas hepatitis B and C viruses elevate the risk of liver cancer. In the realm of cancer research, insights into biological processes have propelled the development of targeted treatments and preventive strategies. Research progression operates in a cyclical fashion, continually building upon prior discoveries and observations. Collaboration among diverse stakeholders – encompassing basic and population scientists, physician-scientists, clinical cancer researchers, patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers – drives innovation and begets fresh avenues for comprehending and mitigating this intricate ailment.
FUTURISTIC TRENDS IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY
Authors: Pratim Medhi Dr. Partha , Kashyap Hrishikesh , Momin Faridha Jane , Sarma Gautam
Published: June 2024

Radiation oncology- the branch of medicine that treats cancer by use of ionizing radiations, is an ever-evolving subject. Rapid technological advancements and expansion of scientific knowledge on biology of cancer has brought forth many exciting new techniques in radiotherapy. Here we discuss about three such promising latest advances in the field of radiation oncology. Firstly, we elaborate on MR-LINAC, that integrates Magnetic Resonance Imaging with a medical Linear Accelerator for therapeutic purpose- that enables better adaptation of radiation delivery with change in patient’s anatomy as well as tumor response during treatment. Next, we briefly highlight on FLASH radiotherapy- another novel radiation technique that is still investigational clinically. This technique that uses ultra-high dose rates for radiation delivery, may be a potential game changer to overcome tumor radioresistance. Lastly, we discuss the upcoming technique of Lattice radiation therapy that aims to redefine the conventional norms of dose prescription and distribution for photon beam treatments. These techniques warrant further clinical research and constitute the latest advancements in the field of radiotherapy.
KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF STAFF NURSES ON PRECAUTIONS AND HEALTH IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES AMONG ANTENATAL MOTHERS DURING COVID-19 AT VARDAAN HOSPITAL, REWA, MADHYA PRADESH
Authors: Chouksey Rai Swati , Singh Parihar Dr. Suman
Published: June 2024

The systemic supervision of a woman during pregnancy is called antenatal care. Regular antenatal visits are mandatory to ensure the well being of mother and fetus. As per WHO, there must be minimum of 4 and maximum of 12 antenatal visits are necessary for all pregnant mothers. Early and proper AN visits will identify the risk factors and helps in initiating the management in time. Thereby safe pregnancy and delivery can be achieved. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge level of staff nurses on precautions and health improvement strategies among antenatal mothers during Covid-19. To assess the knowledge of staff nurses on precautions and health improvement strategies among antenatal mothers during Covid-19. 2. To associate the knowledge scores of staff nurses with their selected demographic variables. 50 staff nurses working in Vardaan Hospital, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh were selected by using probability purposive sampling technique. The study showed that almost all the nurses (98.3%) had average knowledge and only 1.6% had poor knowledge and no one had good knowledge regarding precautions and health improvement strategies during Covid-19 in ante-natal mothers.
PREVALENCE OF THYROID DISORDERS AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS VISITING GYNAEC OPD AT NMCH, NELLORE, ANDHRA PRADESH
Authors: G.A Keerthana , P Latha
Published: June 2024

Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood in which there will be multiple changes in the body, mind and social relationship. The proper thyroid function is vital to have a healthy reproduction system. The well functioning thyroid system is necessary to lead a healthy reproduction system among adolescents, especially girls. Disturbances in the thyroid hormones and its components which will affect the female sex hormones and causing issues in fertility. Due to imbalances in the thyroid hormones, there are reproductive system disorders such as menstrual irregularities, weight gain, and infertility etc. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of thyroid disorders among adolescent girls. 1.To assess the prevalence of thyroid disorders among adolescent girls. 2. To associate the prevalence of thyroid disorders among adolescent girls with selected socio demographic variables. 60 adolescent girls attending Gynaec OPD and IPD at Narayana Medical college Hospital, Nellore were selected by using convenience sampling technique. The study concluded that the symptoms of thyroid disorder among 60 adolescent girls, 40 (66%) had no symptoms, 15(25%) had mild symptoms, 5(9%) had moderate symptoms and none of them had severe symptoms.
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
Authors: Rani Dr. K. Suvarchala , Sravya Kandlakunta , Jaggaraju Mansi
Published: June 2024

A connection from computers to networks is created by the World Wide Web. IoT, with Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, is at the heart of the global economy's digitalization. The appeal of IoT stems from its capacity to connect previously isolated things ranging from refrigerators to Ferraris. Data acquired by IoT sensors can be monitored and fed back into the system to initiate an action, inform the design of an algorithm, or trigger a response in another connected object hundreds of miles distant. The main aim of this article is to explore the concept, trends and technologies in IoT. The present study also discusses the advantages and challenges in IoT technology. The study also analyses the market of IoT and its implicit applications in various industries. The potential ramifications of these increased capabilities are difficult to overstate, and the business prospects are numerous. The present study would help to unlock the evolving technologies and trends in IoT. Though We observe few concerns in the implementation of IoT, it is temporary in nature and the focus should be more on the potential economic impact to the business. The study also would guide the business leaders to focus on application of IoT in various industries and thereby the return of investment would include increased productivity, lower operational costs, better quality control and enhanced Personalized service.
IOT-BASED WATER VALVE ACTUATOR FOR AGRICULTURE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Kannar Gowrav M.P , Mallappa Mr. , I. P Jaiprakash , B.W Shivaraj , Moudgalya K. A Sucheth
Published: June 2024

Traditional irrigation methods, such as ditch irrigation, sprinkler systems, and drip irrigation, have been used for decades but have several drawbacks, including unregulated irrigation practices, waterlogging, soil degradation, inefficient water utilization, and the need for constant human intervention. These issues can lead to increased electricity consumption, uneven plant growth, and even pipe damage due to high water pressure passing through the closed valve. IoT solutions offer a viable remedy to address these challenges, enabling precise crop watering. This approach yields enhanced productivity, reduced maintenance, optimal resource utilization, and the ability to anticipate potential damage. A new and sophisticated irrigation strategy mitigates these problems by interconnecting a single feeder pipe with multiple pipes and digitally controlled valves. This configuration effectively covers the entire targeted irrigation area. Moreover, strategically positioned IoT-enabled control valve boxes across the field further enhance precision and control in irrigation management.
THE TECHNIQUE USED FOR PRE-PROCESSOR FOR NOISE REMOVAL FROM THE INCOMING SOUND FOR THE COCHLEAR IMPLANT USER
Authors: Gupta Dr. Deepti
Published: June 2024

The proposal aims to enhance speech quality for Cochlear Implant (CI) users by developing an intelligent pre-processor that integrates existing models with new techniques to mitigate background noise interference. The CI process aims to restore hearing for individuals facing various hearing impairments, but existing techniques have limitations, particularly regarding speech intelligibility and noise interference.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: THE FUTURE OF DENTISTRY
Authors: Swathiraman Dr. J. , Sudha Dr. J. Porkodi
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as an innovative technology with the prospective to reform various sectors, including healthcare. In dentistry, AI has gained considerable importance due to its ability to increase and develop dental practice. AI algorithms, powered by machine learning and deep learning techniques, can evaluate vast number of dental data, like radiographs, clinical photographs, and patient documents. By obtaining this data, AI can play a vital role in the detection and diagnosis of dental problems like Dental caries, periodontal diseases, and oral cancers with high accuracy and efficiency. In addition, AI can help in treatment planning by means of virtual simulations, predicting treatment outcomes, and optimizing the selection of appropriate dental materials and prosthetics. Furthermore, AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants play a vital role to improve patient communication, appointment, and education. These intellectual systems can offer modified oral health recommendations, respond patients' queries, and suggest guidance on post-treatment care. Even though AI has many advantages in dentistry, challenges such as data privacy, regulatory compliance, and ethical considerations need to be addressed.
LOW-PROFILE DUAL-BAND FILTERING PATCH ANTENNA FOR LTE AND ISM BAND APPLICATIONS
Authors: V.M.S.N Ch. Pavan Kumar , Praveena H. D. , Prasad GRK. , Prasad S. Harichandra
Published: June 2024

This paper introduces a compact dual-band filtering patch antenna element and demonstrates its suitability for two specific frequency bands: LTE (Long Term Evolution) in the L-band and ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) band in the S-band. The proposed design comprises two distinct U-shaped patches, with a smaller patch nested within a larger one. To achieve dual-band resonance, a multi-stub microstrip feed line is employed, allowing independent control of the resonant modes of both patches and the feed line. This flexibility enables precise tuning of the antenna's operating frequencies. In this study, we implement a low-profile dual-band antenna element operating at 1.9GHz (LTE band) and 2.4GHz (WLAN), which is subsequently simulated and validated using the FEKO Tool. It's worth noting that this design can be adapted for different frequency ranges and applied to various wireless communication applications.
IMPLEMENTING MULTI-FACTOR AUTHENTICATION FOR ENHANCED CYBER SECURITY IN CLOUD STORAGE
Authors: G Dr. Prathibha
Published: June 2024

Cloud storage service has shown its extraordinary power and wide prominence which offers key help for fast improvement of distributed computing. However, there are still significant security incidents that result in the leakage of large amounts of sensitive data at the cloud storage layer as a result of management carelessness and malicious attack. According to the viewpoint of safeguarding cloud information privacy, we proposed a Cloud Secure Capacity System named CSSM. CSSM implemented encrypted, chucked, and distributed storage by integrating data dispersion and distributed storage in order to prevent data breaches at the storage layer. In addition, CSSM employed a hierarchical management strategy and combined secret sharing with user passwords to stop the leakage of cryptographic materials. The exploratory outcomes suggest that the task is not only suitable for ensuring data security at the storage layer to prevent leakage but also efficient in storing a large amount of cloud data without causing significant delays. For instance, when users upload or download a 5GB file using CSSM, it only takes approximately 646 seconds for uploading and 269 seconds for downloading. These processing times are considered acceptable and should not cause any inconvenience for the users. Overall, the findings indicate that the proposed approach using CSSM is effective in achieving both data security and efficient cloud data storage.
CLOUD COMPUTING, INTERNET OF THINGS, AND ITS FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Tiwari Dr. Ashish , Chaudhary Vidhu , Gupta Ashutosh , Shukla Sarthak
Published: June 2024

Cloud computing refers to the delivery of computing services, including storage, databases, software applications for IoT, and processing power, over the internet. Instead of relying on local servers or personal computers to handle data and perform tasks, cloud computing allows users to access and utilize shared resources hosted on remote servers. These servers, located in data centers, are managed by cloud service providers. The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of interconnected physical devices, objects, and systems that have embedded sensors, software, and connectivity capabilities, enabling them to collect and exchange data over the internet in the form of cloud system. These devices can range from everyday objects like household appliances and wearables to industrial machinery and smart city infrastructure. Both cloud computing and IoT are rapidly evolving technologies that continue to reshape industries and drive innovation. Their convergence enables scalable, connected solutions that leverage the power of cloud resources and real-time data from IoT devices to transform businesses and improve our daily lives.
NAVIGATING TOMORROW: EXPLORING FUTURISTIC TRENDS IN MANAGEMENT
Authors: Nagle Dr. Sachin Kumar
Published: June 2024

The chapter highlights the pivotal role of management in guiding organizations towards success through efficient planning, organizing, directing, and controlling activities. It delves into futuristic trends, emphasizing the impact of technology, workforce changes, and global complexities on management practices. The evolving landscape includes artificial intelligence, virtual reality, mind-machine interfaces, and decentralized management, reshaping how organizations operate. Sustainable and ethical practices, coupled with data-driven decision-making, are emphasized. Despite technological strides, the human element remains essential, with empathy, emotional intelligence, and creativity complementing advancements. The future promises dynamic opportunities for innovation and growth, encouraging leaders to embrace these trends for socially responsible and environmentally conscious organizations.
DIGITALIZATION 4.0 IN HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY IN INDIA
Authors: Dixit Dr. Anuranjita
Published: June 2024

In the field of design, the contemporary computer's computing tools are being driven by skilled craftwork and customisation, which provides new paradigms for the modelling and production of conventional objects. Craft-specific CAD tools provide beginning users new chances to engage in the design process. Because they work with traditional crafts, computational technologies used in conjunction with digital manufacturing are increasingly being included into professional art and design. Both traditional handicrafts and modern challenges are reflected in the hybrid combination of design tools, digital manufacturing, and traditional craft skills. The possibilities for craft work and the ability of craftsmen to be more creative in the future are increased by the integration of design tools with traditional crafts.
E-BUSINESS IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors: Mandal Dr. (Prof.) Pinaki
Published: June 2024

This chapter explores the transformative force of e-commerce in the digital age, dissecting its core, the application of electronic technology and the internet in diverse commercial functions. Encompassing online sales, marketing, customer relationship management, and supply chain operations, e-business revolutionizes traditional business practices. Investigating its historical roots and contemporary implications, this chapter sheds light on the profound impact of e-business on modern society, offering a foundational understanding for deeper exploration.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: THE BASIC CONCEPT AND ELEMENTS
Authors: K Priya
Published: June 2024

This article addresses the fundamental tenets, objectives, and key components of KM for an organisation managing its knowledge assets. They are beneficial and necessary for companies to develop an advanced knowledge framework for management and assist the staff in put into practise. The ideas assist companies in starting a knowledge management programme provided they have a basic understanding on the subject. They disseminate information about the framework necessary to implement knowledge oversight, they raise awareness of its significance and the way it can be applied throughout and between operational areas, and they develop a team of employees with knowledge management abilities who can help with the creation, upkeep, employ, and transmission of the company's knowledge belongings. Making ensuring knowledge management practices are used throughout the company is the main objective. These concepts are significant because they provide the firm with the knowledge it needs to recognize, assess, and manage its knowledge assets.