bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of iridocorneal angle changes after uncomplicated phacoemulsification using automated gonioscopy imaging
Authors: Santos Miguel , Lima-Cabrita Afonso , Barão Rafael , Abegão-Pinto Luís
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE:

Phacoemulsification cataract surgery (PCS) is known to change anterior chamber morphology, widening the iridocorneal angle (ICA) of most patients. This study aims to determine whether automated gonioscopy imaging (AGI) with GS-1® (NIDEK CO., Japan) can detect changes in ICA morphology and pigmentation after PCS.

METHODS:

A prospective, observational study including patients who underwent PCS at Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, from March to October 2022. AGI was done at the preoperative visit and 6-weeks postoperative. The images were analyzed using NAVIS-EX Software (NIDEK CO., Japan) by a masked observer. Each eye was divided into four quadrants and their morphology and pigmentation was graded according to the Shaffer and modified Scheie classifications, respectively.

RESULTS:

Twenty-two eyes from 21 patients (62% female) were included, with a mean age of 74.5 ± 7.9 years. Baseline AGI identified 7 (33%) patients with angle closure. PCS led to all patients achieving open angle status and lower preoperative Shaffer grades achieved greater postoperative improvement. Statistically significant ICA widening was found in the superior (P = 0.004), inferior (P = 0.008), and temporal (P = 0.023) quadrants, but not the nasal quadrant (P = 0.21). Similarly, a statistically significant pigmentation increase was found in the superior (P = 0.008), inferior (P = 0.002), and temporal (P = 0.016) quadrants and less pigmented baseline quadrants showed a greater gain. The most significant pigmentation gain was in the inferior quadrant.

CONCLUSION:

Unlike other imaging modalities, AGI with GS-1 can detect changes in ICA morphology and pigmentation after routine cataract surgery, mainly in the superior, inferior, and temporal quadrants.
Acute corneal edema and residual subepithelial haze after bilateral selective laser trabeculoplasty: A case series
Authors: Nijs Jeffrey , Vandewalle Evelien , Stalmans Ingeborg , Lemmens Sophie
Published: December 2024

The primary objective of this case series is to report three cases of acute corneal edema and subepithelial haze occurring shortly after bilateral selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT). SLT was performed to treat open-angle glaucoma in three female, middle-aged patients who subsequently manifested stromal haze within 24–48 h following the procedure. The patients were, therefore, treated with topical steroids for several weeks. Due to uncontrolled intraocular pressure, one patient underwent a trabeculectomy. The corneal edema resolved in all three patients. However, they exhibited a hyperopic shift, along with alterations in corneal astigmatism. The incidence of corneal edema and subepithelial haze following SLT is an exceedingly rare phenomenon. While certain factors are hypothesized to contribute to this complication, the predisposing factors leading to corneal changes following this laser procedure remain unclear.
Short-term safety and efficacy of ripasudil as “add-on therapy” in glaucoma patients on maximum tolerable glaucoma medication
Authors: Kumari Rashmi , Saha Bhawesh C. , Ambasta Anita , Kumar Vidya B.
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the additional intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect and tolerability of ripasudil in patients with glaucoma inadequately controlled with maximum tolerable medical therapy.

METHODS:

A prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) but IOP inadequately controlled with maximum medical therapy were enrolled for this. Ripasudil (0.4%) was added as adjunctive therapy to the ongoing glaucoma treatment. The primary outcome was the mean IOP reduction after 3 months of treatment, whereas the secondary outcome was the percentage attainment of predefined target IOP and the incidence of any adverse events.

RESULTS:

A total of 42 eyes of 42 patients with POAG were evaluated. Mean number of medications at the time of enrolment was 3.54 ± 0.45. The percentage IOP reduction from baseline was 16.8% with a 95% confidence interval, mean IOP reduction was − 2.9 mm Hg (range: −1.9–−4.6) with P < 0.001 after 3 months of treatment. Eighteen eyes (42.8%) were able to achieve the target IOP. Notable adverse event was conjunctival hyperemia in 57.14% and blepharitis in 2.38% of the eyes but they were mild and transient.

CONCLUSION:

Ripasudil is effective and tolerable in POAG patients already on maximal medical therapy. It can be utilized as an extra tool that can postpone invasive procedures, especially in the short term.
OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN CNC MARBLE PROCESSING: STATISTICAL AND MACHINE LEARNING APPROACHES
Authors: Sarıışık Gencay , Öğütlü Ahmet Sabri
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the specific energy consumption during marble processing on CNC machines both by traditional statistical methods and machine learning models. It presents an analytical framework that examines the effects of process parameters to improve energy efficiency in CNC machining processes. In the experimental part, a data set of 5400 obrervations was obtained considering different machining types, depths of cut and feed rates. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and regression models confirmed the decisive role of material removal rate (MRR) on specific energy consumption. The study comprehensively analyzed the performance of four different machine learning models (Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM) to predict the specific energy consumption during marble processing on CNC machines. The findings show that specific energy consumption is an important parameter for energy efficiency and cost reduction. The accuracy of the models was evaluated with metrics such as R2, RMSE and MAE, and as a result, it was found that Gradient Boosting and XGBoost models outperformed the others in the Spiral machining type. These findings provide a solid basis for developing strategies to improve energy efficiency in marble processing on CNC machines. The study provides important information that can help make strategic decisions to save energy and improve environmental sustainability. Providing valuable guidance for future research, this study demonstrates the potential use of machine learning models to improve energy efficiency in the natural stone industry.
Серия кубинских работ Ольги Яушевой
Authors: Шишин М.Ю. , Царева Н.С.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются произведения заслуженного художника России, члена-корреспондента Российской академии художеств Ольги Яушевой, созданные на основе впечатлений от творческих поездок на Кубу. Многие написаны непосредственно с натуры во время пребывания в творческих командировках на Острове свободы, другие — в результате обработки в московской мастерской экспедиционных материалов (этюдов, эскизов, набросков). Цель данной статьи — проанализировать кубинскую серию работ мастера, созданных в 2019–2020-х годах, и с помощью структурно-семантического искусствоведческого анализа охарактеризовать систему средств художественной выразительности и семантики произведений живописца. Отсутствие значимых публикаций об О.Р. Яушевой актуализирует значение научных искусствоведческих исследований о художнице, которая занимает одно из лидирующих мест в современном российском искусстве.

The article examines the oeuvre by Olga Yausheva, the Honoured Artist of Russia and a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Arts, which is based on impressions gained from creative trips to Cuba. A significant proportion of the works were painted directly from life during the artist's creative trips to the Island of Freedom. The remaining works were created as a result of the artist's processing of expeditionary materials (sketches, sketches, sketches) in the Moscow studio. The objective of this article is to analyse the Cuban series of the master's works created in 2019-2020 and to characterise the system of artistic expression and semantics of the painter's works with the help of structural and semantic art history analysis. The lack of substantial publications on O.R. Yausheva underscores the value of rigorous art historical inquiry into this prominent figure in contemporary Russian art.
Comparative Study of C++ and C# Programming Languages
Authors: Ponggawa Veny Vita , Santoso Utari B. , Talib Gita A. , Lamia March A. , Manuputty Ariel R.A , Yusuf Muhammad F.
Published: December 2024

This comparative study explores the similarities and differences between two widely-used programming languages: C++ and C#. While both languages are integral to modern software development, they cater to different development environments and paradigms. C++, a general-purpose programming language, is known for its performance efficiency and low-level memory management, making it ideal for system software, embedded systems, and performance-critical applications. In contrast, C#, a high-level language developed by Microsoft, is primarily used in the .NET ecosystem for building Windows applications, web services, and enterprise solutions. This study examines various aspects of both languages, including syntax, memory management, performance, ease of use, and application domains. By analyzing these parameters, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive comparison that highlights the strengths and weaknesses of C++ and C# in different programming contexts. Additionally, the study discusses the role of both languages in modern development environments and their suitability for various types of projects. The findings suggest that while C++ remains the preferred choice for performance-sensitive applications, C# offers a more user-friendly environment for rapid application development, particularly in enterprise and web-based applications.
E-Policing dan Implikasi Kebijakan Pengelolaan Keamanan Publik
Authors: Negara Lalu Guruh Prawira
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the implementation of E-Policing in the management of street crime reports in Depok City in the period May to August 2024. By utilizing information and communication technology, E-Policing functions to increase efficiency, speed, and accuracy in crime reporting and handling. The method used in this study is a combination of quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews from the people of Depok City. The results of the study show that the implementation of the "Halo Police" Application has improved the ease of crime reporting, accelerated police response, and strengthened community involvement in security surveillance. The public feels more satisfied with police services after the implementation of E-Policing through the "Halo Police" Application. However, for now the use of the "Halo Police" Application is still uneven and only exists in urban communities, it is a challenge for the government to be able to increase the equitable distribution of the system to make it easier for the community, which contributes to increasing public involvement in maintaining security.
Kerjasama Guru dan Orang Tua dalam Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik di Smp Negeri 15 Kota Bekasi
Authors: Iskandar Jonni , Ulfitriyah Hunafa , Zaimudin Zaimudin , Hidayati Heny Narendrany
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze and describe the cooperation between teachers and parents in the formation of student character at SMP Negeri 15 Bekasi City. The focus of the research includes the form of cooperation, the character formation methods applied, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors in the process. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the cooperation between teachers and parents is formed through active communication, regular meetings, and parental involvement in various school activities. The character formation methods applied include religious habituation, discipline, and positive attitudes through school programs such as congregational dhuha prayers, tadarus Al-Qur'an, and social activities. The main supporting factors are high commitment from teachers and active support from parents, while the obstacles faced include time limitations and lack of awareness of some parents. In conclusion, harmonious cooperation between teachers and parents plays an important role in shaping the character of students who are religious, disciplined, and have noble character. It is recommended that schools strengthen communication and parent engagement programs to achieve optimal educational outcomes.
Phenolic compounds of Rumex acetosella L. collected from two different regions of Iğdır province (Türkiye)
Authors: Karadağ Musa
Published: December 2024

This investigation examines the phenolic profile of Rumex acetosella L. harvested from two disparate locales within Iğdır Province, Türkiye, aimed at evaluating the impact of different locations on phenolic compounds. Employing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), a total of 19 phenolic constituents, including chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, and naringin, were both identified and quantified. Crucial regional variations were identified, with Hoşhaber presenting higher levels of chlorogenic acid, rutin, and naringin in comparison to Karakuyu. However, caffeic acid was found to be more prevalent in the Karakuyu region. Certain compounds, notably vanillin and p-coumaric acid, were exclusively identified in Hoşhaber. These results substantiate the premise that environmental determinants, encompassing soil composition and climatic conditions, significantly influence phenolic biosynthesis.
HİTİTÇE ÇİVİ YAZILI METİNLERDE BİR TANRI SUNUSU OLARAK “LÁL” BAL
Authors: Ünlü Fadime
Published: December 2024

M.Ö. 2. binyıl Anadolu’sunda siyasi bir birlik kuran ve çok tanrılı bir inanca sahip olan Hititler, tanrılarını da insanlar gibi yiyip içebilen varlıklar olarak düşünmüşlerdir. Bu doğrultuda hastalıkları tedavi etmek, uzun ömrü garantilemek, yapının dayanıklı olmasını sağlamak, başa gelen belalardan kurtulmak, tanrıların gazabından kaçınmak ve memnun ettikçe memnun edileceği inancıyla tanrılara ve kültlerine düzenli olarak yiyecek ve içecek sunusunda bulunmuşlardır. Hititçe çivi yazılı metinlerde genellikle “LÁL” olarak okunan bal, tanrıların yatıştırılması, doyurulması, memnun edilmesi gibi farklı amaçlarla ritüellerde önemli bir sunu maddesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Hitit toplumu için de değerli bir besin maddesi olan bal, kimi zaman tanrıların sunu masasında, kimi zaman yapı temelinin harcında, kimi zamanda sembolik uygulamalarda, tanrılara ulaşmanın bir aracı olarak rol oynamıştır.
ASSYRIA-EGYPT RELATIONS FROM THE ASSYRIAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Toptaş Koray
Published: December 2024

Assyrian-Egyptian relations constitute one of the most important military and political rivalries in history. The decisive point in this relationship was the dominance of the Levant, which had political and economic importance for both states. While Assyria started to shape its policies on the Levant, especially in the Neo-Assyrian Period, Egypt's policies on the region had a longer history. When the Assyrian kings, who gained power in the Neo-Assyrian Age, started to expand in the western direction and established direct contact with the eastern Mediterranean cities, which were important commercial kingdoms, this situation disturbed Egypt and Egypt took some measures against Assyria. At this point, the main method used by Egypt was to provoke the local kings against Assyria. Thus, rebellions against Assyrian rule occurred frequently in the region and Assyrian kings had to organise military expeditions to the region. In the face of this situation, the Assyrian kings, who had to constantly fight against the rebellions, tried to eliminate Egypt, one of the most important sources of rebellions, and military expeditions were organised to the Egyptian country during the Asarhaddon Period. In this study, the progress and consequences of Assyrian-Egyptian relations in the light of Assyrian royal annals and reliefs will be discussed.
Gebelikte Bacak Krampları ve Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu
Authors: Günaydın Sevil , Dinç Kaya Hüsniye , Bozoglou Ntilmper
Published: December 2024

Gebelik dönemi boyunca kadın bedeninde pek çok fizyolojik değişiklik meydana gelmektedir. Bu değişikliklerle beraber yakınmalar da ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bacak krampları ve huzursuz bacak sendromu gebelikte sık görülen rahatsızlıklardandır. Bacak krampları, istemsiz ve ani bir şekilde ortaya çıkan, ağrılı kas kasılması ile karakterizedir. Genellikle gece görülen ve gebeliğin üçüncü trimesterinde daha fazla ortaya çıkan bu kramplar, gebelerin yaklaşık %30-50’sini etkilemektedir. Tıbbi öykü, fizik muayene ve laboratuvar taraması, kas kramplarının çeşitli nedenlerini saptamaya yardımcı olabilir. Bacak kramplarında non farmakolojik önerilerin yanı sıra farmakolojik tedavi de önerilebilir. Oral magnezyum, kalsiyum ve oral D vitamini kullanılarak bacak kramplarını önlemek mümkün olabilir. Huzursuz bacak sendromu ise, çoğunlukla gece uykusu veya dinlenme sırasında bacakları hareket ettirmek için güçlü, istemsiz bir dürtü ile karakterize edilen bir rahatsızlıktır. Huzursuz bacak sendromu, sensorimotor bir bozukluktur Üçüncü trimesterde görülme sıklığı artmakta olup, ülkemizde gebelikte prevalansı %15.4-61.2 arasında değişiklik göstermektedir. Huzursuz bacak sendromunun hafif formlarında non farmakolojik tedaviler yararlı olabilirken, orta ve şiddetli formlarında farmakolojik ajan olarak demir ilaçları, dopaminerjik ilaçlar, opioidler, antikonvülzanlar, benzodiazepinler ve östrojen kullanılabilmektedir. Ebeler ve sağlık profesyonelleri gebelikte meydana gelebilecek bacak krampları ve huzursuz bacak sendromu hakkında fikir sahibi olmalıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı, gebelik sırasında görülen bacak krampları ve huzursuz bacak sendromu hakkında bilgi vermek ve tedavi yöntemleri hakkında güncel bilgi sağlamaktır.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTEGRATED SOCIAL SERVICES SYSTEM IN ARMENIA
Authors: Vardanyan Yevgine
Published: December 2024

There are many approaches in the literature that describe the integrated social services concept and analyze the processes, mechanisms and the purposes of integrating social and/or other multispectral services. The models of integration are also the object of some analysis, but still there is a lack of description of the services’ integration models, and a necessity in clearly defining and describing them. The article comes to fulfill this gap, and also to analyze the experience of the Republic of Armenia in integrating social services. The reform lasted almost 10 years, and still the country struggles the difficulties in ensuring the effectiveness and accessibility of those services. Hence, the article is aimed at revealing the main problems and omissions that have occurred and still exist within the frame of the reform. For achieving the main goals proposed for the article, the following research methods have been used: documentary analysis, focus group discussions, and participant observation. The main results of the research make obvious that Armenia passed two main phases for integrating social services. During the first phase the country was able to ensure only co-location of the state agencies that were responsible for provision of social services, locating them in one building with one reception, but no more. For fulfilling the reform, the second phase of integration was launched in 2021, and during that phase the integration was performed with the usage of the principles of structural and functional changes as a model of integrating social service. Meanwhile, for making the whole system work, Armenia needs to go forward and achieve also integration of the procedures, protocols and databases of the services, as well as ensuring the change in the cultural and organizational norms of the newly established system, enhancing cooperation and partnership between the staff of integrated services. This will certify the implementation of another model of integrating social services that is full integration model.
Pazos Alonso, C. (2022). Francisca Wood and Nineteenth-Century Periodical Culture: Pressing for Change. Cambridge: Legenda (Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Cultures, 35), 250 pp. ISBN 978–1–78188–799–8.
Authors: Ducatteau Héloïse Elisabeth Marie-Vincent Ghislaine
Published: December 2024

book review
THE ORIGINS OF FORMATION OF THE UNION OF TATARIA’S SOVIET WRITERS IN THE 30s OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors: Mukhametzianova Ilyuza G. , Yuzeev Aidar N.
Published: December 2024

On July 29, 2024 the Union of Writers of the Republic of Tatarstan celebrated the 90th anniversary of its formation. In this connection, the background of the Writers’ Union formation and its activities are of particular importance. Under these conditions, the need for a comprehensive study of this topic has become urgent. The Union of Tataria’s Soviet Writers has a long history, throughout its existence it has played and continues to play an important role in public life of the Republic of Tatarstan, in development of the Tatar literature and consolidation of the literary community.

The purpose of the study is to examine the history of evolvement and activities of the organizing committee to create the Union of Tataria’s Soviet Writers in the period from 1932 to 1934.

Materials and methods. The methodological foundation for the study of the research subject is made by the principles of historicism and objectivity and consistency, as well as the descriptive and narrative method. Based on the results of analyzing archival documents and periodicals of the 30s of the XX century, the article examines the history of the emergence and activities of the Organizing Committee for the creation of Tataria’s Union of Soviet Writers.

Research results. The article considers and analyzes the main activities of the Organizing Committee for the creation of the Union of Soviet Writers of the Tatar ASSR in the period from 1932 to 1934. The activities of the Organizing Committee, created in May 1932 in pursuance of the resolution of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of April 23, 1932 “On the restructuring of literary and artistic organizations”, were multifaceted: literary circles were created at plants, factories, collective farms; trips of writers’ teams to the countryside were organized, which aroused great interest among young writers. The Organizing Committee of the Union of Soviet Writers of Tatarstan worked with young writers within the framework of literary circles, and was also engaged in the methodological support of literary circles, carried out work with young writers, conducted literary consultations by convening creative meetings, as well as literary evenings, discussions on literary criticism, satire, artistic language and the value of literary works, organized writers’ performances on the radio and their publication Thus, he created all the conditions for the realization of the creative potential of the writers of the Tatar ASSR..

Conclusions. Over the years of the Organizing Committee’s activity, the ranks of young writers from among the workers significantly expanded and the structure of Tataria’s Union of Soviet Writers was formed. In terms of structure and main activities, the Organizing Committee was the prototype of the future Union of Tataria’s Soviet Writers.
Contributions of Acharya Dalhana in Susrutha Samhita
Authors: Mahalakshmi Selvakumar  , Haritha Chandran  , Meera Esanamangalam  , Leena Parameswaran Nair
Published: December 2024

Susrutha Samhita is the representative treatise of the Indian school of surgery (Shalyatantra) popularly known as “Dhanwantara sampradaya”. Susruta Samhita mainly has significantly developed different Surgical techniques, Even, in which Acharya Susruta beautifully elaborated and has all shades of his opinion as throwing light upon general principles, diagnosis, Anatomy, pathology, prognosis, pharmacology, toxicology, surgical procedures like Sandhana Karma, cosmetic surgery and etc. the commentaries are always useful in easier understanding of the Samhita with its deep and hidden contents properly. There are many commentaries available for Susrutha Samhita but the commentary Nibandha Sangaraha written by Acharya Dalhana is the only available commentary in its entirely. Dalhana’s commentary is important in the sense that it explains the ideas clearly with requisite elaboration which are not mentioned explicitly in the text. This article is aimed to highlight the contributions of Dalhana in his commentary of Susrutha Samhita.
Effect of Vardhamana Pippali Rasayana on Lung Cancer
Authors: Riya Goyal  , K Nishanth Pai
Published: December 2024

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, predominantly linked to smoking and often diagnosed at advanced stages with limiting treatment options. This review explores the critical role of early detection and primary prevention strategies, including tobacco control and environmental risk reduction, in enhancing survival rates. The study presents a case of a 49-year-old female diagnosed with bronchogenic carcinoma, highlighting her clinical journey from presentation to treatment. The patient underwent Vardhamana Pippali Rasayana, alongside supportive medications, leading to significant symptomatic relief and improved quality of life. Diagnostic imaging before and after treatment indicated positive changes, including reduced symptoms and enhanced respiratory function. This case underscores the potential of Ayurvedic interventions in managing advanced lung cancer symptoms, advocating for further clinical research to validate these findings and promote awareness of integrative cancer therapies.
Ayurveda Approach in Management of Avascular Necrosis
Authors: Gopesh Mangal  , Annu Kaushik
Published: December 2024

Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a commonly encountered type of bone tissue death, presenting clinicians with multifaceted challenges in treatment. Effective management necessitates a delicate balance between preserving bone structure, restoring functionality, and relieving pain. Surgical interventions like drilling, bone graft insertion, and prosthetic placement are commonly pursued, yet their high cost and limited success rates underscore the need for alternative approaches. Exhibiting symptoms akin to disorders of musculoskeletal origin, AVN often manifests in a chronic stage, demanding comprehensive care. In Ayurveda, its clinical presentation and underlying pathology can be correlated with Asthi Majjakshaya (depletion of bone marrow), and Asthimajjagata Vata (Vata vitiation affecting bone and bone marrow). Ayurvedic management of AVN often involves Panchkarma therapies, (Shodhana i.e., eliminating toxins, restoring Doshik equilibrium, and rejuvenating the body) and medicinal intervention (Shamana i.e., pacifying Doshas within the body). Promising results viz., symptomatic improvements, revealed significant enhancements in pain relief, tenderness reduction, stiffness mitigation, and gait improvement underscoring the potential of Ayurvedic principles in providing substantial relief and enhancing the quality of life for individuals grappling with AVN. By incorporating Panchkarma therapies into the treatment of AVN, Ayurveda provides a holistic approach that not only alleviates symptoms but also targets the root causes contributing to the progression of the condition.
A Critical Analysis on Charkokta Sutikagara in Comparison to Modern Labor Room
Authors: Patel Sonu Jivan  , Gaikwad Manoj Vitthal
Published: December 2024

Sutikagara refers to a specially designed room for a pregnant woman who is about to deliver a baby in few months. This room is a place for residence of a woman a few days before labour, during labor (Prasava kala) and few days after labor (Sutika kala). In Ayurveda, Acharya Charaka in Shareerasthana 8 has paid detailed attention to its structure (Nirmaan vidhi), facilities (Upkarana) and other relevant details as Pravesha vidhi. Modern labor rooms are designed based on certain guidelines on upgradation of labor rooms which includes constructing new or reorganising the existing labor rooms. They are standardized for delivering high quality services during childbirth. Both Sutikagara and labor room aim to create a safe environment for childbirth but they embody fundamentally different philosophies.
Critical Analysis of Kaumaragara, Kaumaradhara, Kridabhoomi and Kridanaka w.s.r. to NICU, Care Taker, Playground and Toys in Children
Authors: Roshani Bhatia  , Ram Kumar  , Anukriti Guar
Published: December 2024

Ayurveda, often referred to as the "Science of Life," is a traditional system of medicine that originated in ancient India over 5,000 years ago. It's founded on the principle that health and wellness depend on a delicate balance between the mind, body and spirit. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining this balance for overall well-being. There are different branches of the Ayurvedic science and Kaumarbhritya is one of the eight branches of the system. The word Kaumarbhritya itself denote the importance of nourishment, support and maintenance of child. As a child is the future of great nation. In Ayurveda, Bala Roga encompasses a wide range of considerations and practices. Ensuring the well-being of newborn involves crucial protective rituals. Just as the establishment of a Special Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (SNICU) is pivotal in reducing neonatal mortality rates and enhancing the quality of life for surviving infants. Ayurveda emphasizes the meticulous arrangement of the Sutikagriha (puerperal room) and Kaumaragara (infant care room). This comprehensive approach aims to uphold stringent aseptic conditions and foster a healthy environment for both the mother and the newborn. The significance of toys and play in paediatric care has been overlooked, despite the ancient descriptions by Acharyas outlining the attributes of Kaumaragara (neonatal care unit/paediatric ward), Kaumaradhara (care-givers), Kridabhoomi (playground) and Kridanaka (toys). These elements are regarded as foundational to nurturing a thriving and flourishing individual.
Effect of Dhatri Louha with Draksha Ghrita in Garbhini Pandu w.s.r.to Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA)
Authors: Sandhya Rav  , K. Bharathi
Published: December 2024

Background: For a women pregnancy is a pleasant life event marked by progressive anatomical, physiological, and biochemical changes that affect not only the reproductive organs but the entire body. Unfortunately In developing countries, nutrient deficiencies have made anemia a significant contributor to both mortality and morbidity. Objective: This study was carried out to know the effect of Dhatri louha with Draksha ghrita in Garbhini Pandu. Material and Methods: A patient aged 24 years suffering from anemia in pregnancy was selected. she was administered with Dhatri louha 500 mg twice daily and Draksha ghrita 10 ml twice daily before meal for the period of 60 days. Result: The study demonstrated a positive effect on the cardinal symptoms of Garbhini Pandu, along with improvements in Hb%, RBC count, PCV, MCH, MCHC, MCV, serum iron, and serum ferritin levels. Conclusion: This study has shown that the combined effect of both drugs results in leads to improved Agni, enhanced iron absorption, improved Haemoglobin, and alleviation of the signs and symptoms of Garbhini Pandu.
Jalaukavacharana (Medicinal Leech Therapy) and Jatyadi Ghrita in Dushta Vrana w.s.r to Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Anjali  , Gaurav Parmar
Published: December 2024

Ayurveda describes a variety of therapeutic skills, including medicinal, surgical and parasurgical procedures. Jalaukaavacharna is a parasurgical procedure, focuses on removing contaminated blood to treat various conditions. Sushruta Samhita has devoted an entire chapter for the description of Jalauka and Jalaukavacharna in Sutra Sthana 13th Adhyaya and also described Dushta Vrana in Vranasravavigyaniya Adhyaya. The leeches draw out blood while simultaneously secreting substances that are considered beneficial for healing according to Ayurvedic principles. A 60 years old female patient freshly diagnosed with Type 2DM came to RGGPG Ayurvedic college and hospital, Paprola, Himachal Pradesh, with complaints of swelling over right greater toe with purulent discharge and foul smell since two month. After debridement, leech therapy followed by dressing with Jatyadi Ghrita done for three month, twice a week for first month, once a week for second month then after 15 days for next month. Limb elevation and strict diabetic management was advised.
A Review of Vasa (Adhatoda Vasica): Therapeutic Benefits and Formulations in Ayurveda
Authors: Sabahat Anjum  , Shalini Varshney
Published: December 2024

In today’s world, numerous old and emerging diseases lack adequate management approaches. Ayurveda, an ancient system of medicine, provides fundamental principles for diagnosing, preventing, and treating diseases. The objective of this study was to gather, analyze, and present information on the therapeutic properties and formulations of Vasa. A comprehensive review of classical Ayurvedic texts including Samhitas, Nighantus, and other relevant literature was conducted. Information on the synonyms, properties, actions, and formulations of Vasa was systematically organized. The review highlights therapeutic applications, dosage forms, and modes of administration as per different classical texts. Vasa (Adhatoda vasica) is a highly valued Ayurvedic herb, known for its therapeutic benefits, particularly in the treatment of respiratory disorders. It has been extensively referenced in classical texts for its therapeutic actions such as Kasahara, Shwashara, Shothahara, Hridya, Raktastambhan and Jwaraghna karma. Over 203 internal formulations and 38 external formulations featuring Vasa are documented across classical texts. These formulations help to manage various diseases like Kasa, Shwasa, Kushtha, Vatrakta and Raktapitta. In conclusion, Vasa is a critical Ayurvedic herb with broad applications, especially for respiratory ailments. Classical Ayurvedic texts provide extensive formulations for both internal and external uses, validated by modern pharmacological research particularly for coughs, asthma, fevers, and infections. While modern research has confirmed many of Vasa's pharmacological activities outlined in Ayurveda, further scientific investigation is needed to fully validate its other therapeutic effects.
Health Determinants in Ayurveda: A Comprehensive Review of Concepts and Practices
Authors: Pradeepkumar Tiwari  , Santosh T. Kadam
Published: December 2024

Ayurvedic philosophies are the concepts of "Swasthavritta," which encompass key determinants of health- diet, lifestyle, sleep, and mental well-being that maintain balance and prevent disease. In Ayurveda, health is defined as the harmonious integration of these factors, rather than simply the absence of illness. This review explores the foundational principles of Ayurvedic health determinants, examining their theoretical basis, clinical applications, and their potential contribution to modern healthcare systems. By addressing factors such as individual constitution (Prakriti), digestion (Agni), and emotional well-being, Ayurveda provides a personalized framework for preventing and managing chronic diseases. Incorporating Ayurvedic practices, including diet regulation, lifestyle modifications, and stress management, into contemporary medical paradigms could offer a more integrative and preventative approach to health. This paper highlights the potential of Ayurveda to complement modern healthcare practices by promoting patient-centered, holistic care that focuses on long-term wellness and disease prevention.
Management of Kaphaja Shirshoola with special reference to Reflex Headache
Authors: Manikanth M H  , Santosh. N. Belavadi
Published: December 2024

Kaphaja Shirashoola, is a condition characterized by Headache in evening time accompanied by nasal blockages are symptoms commonly associated with vitiation of Kapha dosha is known as Kaphaja Shirashoola in Ayurveda. Acharya Madhavakara given the brief knowledge about the Nidana of Kaphaja Shirashoola in modern perspective it is compared to reflex headache. According to Ayurveda symptoms of Kaphaja Shirashoola are heaviness of head and dull pain and nasal congestion with headache, which tends to worsen during the Kapha kala particularly in the late afternoon and in evening. Reflex headache often arises from disturbance in other bodily systems leading to referred pain in the cranial region. In this case According to the classics Nasya with Anutaila and Shamanayoga along with proper Pathya Ahara and Vihara. All the symptoms were relieved and subject feel lightness of the body.
Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study of Ropana Taila and its Modification into the Ointment
Authors: Kruti Malani  , Kunal M. Gohil
Published: December 2024

One of the most widely used Ayurvedic dosage forms is Sneha Kalpana. An Oleaginous Medication is prepared through a pharmaceutical process, includes heating of materials (Drava Dravyas, Kwatha, Kalka) in a prescribed pattern for a preordain duration. This process ensures the extraction of chemical constituents into an oil or fat base. Acharya Sushruta mentioned Ropana Taila in Sutrasthana Ch36/25, which has wound healing activity. It contains Haridra, Agaru, Daruharidra, Devdaru, Priyangu, Agaru, Lodhra, Tagara, and Tila Taila. Aim: The aim of the study was to standardize the pharmaceutical process, perform possible analytical parameters and its modification into ointment with suitable excipients. Methods: The general method of preparation of Taila Paka according to the classical text has followed for the preparation of Ropana Taila. An attempt has made to develop suitable dosage foam, an ointment from Ropana Taila. The preliminary analysis of raw materials and Ropana Taila has carried out with reference to the API standards. Possible evaluation parameters of the ointment have studied. Result: Physico-chemical parameters for Ropana Taila included specific gravity, which founded 0.9128, refractive index 1.471, viscosity 37.85, iodine value 110; acid value 4.1, and saponification value 182.33 has noted. HPTLC showed variable numbers of spots when visualized at 254nm, 366nm, and 510nm wavelengths. pH, spreadability, extrudability of ointment founded 6.5, 78mm, good respectively. Conclusion: The ratio adopted for the preparation of Ropana Taila ointment has found suitable as the ointment fulfilled the evaluation parameters for the quality of the ideal ointment.
Association between Dehaprakriti and Blood Group: An Observational Study
Authors: Utkalini Nayak  , Subash Sahu  , P.K.Panda
Published: December 2024

In Ayurveda, Prakriti represents an individual's inherent constitution, which remains stable throughout life. Similarly, blood groups are genetically inherited and do not change. Both Prakriti and blood group are innate and unchanging attributes, suggesting a potential relationship between the two. Objective: To investigate the correlation between Dehaprakriti and blood group among individuals, hypothesizing that a noteworthy association may exist between these two fixed traits. Methods: An observational study was conducted with a sample of 500 individuals. The assessment included both subjective and objective measures. Subjective Assessment: Each participant's Prakriti was determined using a self-assessment questionnaire developed by Kishore Pattawardhan and Sharma. Objective Assessment: Each participant’s blood group was recorded following Prakriti determination. The data were then subjected to statistical analysis using chi- square tests to examine correlations between Prakriti types and blood groups. Results: The chi-square analysis revealed a significant association between Dehaprakriti and blood group, with a p-value of less than 0.05. However, no single Prakriti type was found to correspond exclusively with a specific blood group, as most blood groups appeared across multiple Prakriti types. Conclusion: Although a significant correlation exists between Dehaprakriti and blood group, the study concludes that blood groups cannot be used as definitive markers for categorizing dominant Prakriti. Further studies with larger samples and diverse populations are recommended to explore this relationship in greater detail.
Intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy: How low can we get?
Authors: Noor Imran Bin Mohamed , Tan Sze Khen
Published: December 2024

Pleural infection is a common medical problem with significant mortality and morbidity.1 Despite advances in antibiotic therapy, the incidence of pleural infection is increasing in the Western world. The management of complicated pleural infections usually involves drainage of pleural effusion from the infected pleural cavity, typically with a pleural drain. When drainage fails, surgery is often required, but is contraindicated in patients who have significant medical comorbidities.
COVID-19 residual symptoms and adverse drug reactions after oral antiviral therapy in the Singapore primary care setting
Authors: Yeo Jia Qi , Tan Poh Ching , Tan Cheryl Wei Yan , Lee Poay Sian Sabrina
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic remains a significant public health threat with over 7 million deaths worldwide (as of 14 January 2024).1 In Singapore, oral antivirals (OAVs) nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir were approved in 2022 for treating mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in adults at risk of progression to severe disease.2,3 Clinical trials in Western populations showed nirmatrelvir/ritonavir having higher efficacy in reducing hospitalisations and mortality by 88% compared to 30% for molnupiravir.2-4 A Singapore study showed nirmatrelvir/ritonavir’s effectiveness in reducing hospitalisation and severe COVID-19.5 However, further research is needed on potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and control of COVID-19 symptoms in Asian populations. This study focused on the short-term safety and efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir, examining associations between OAV type and dose on the incidence of ADRs and COVID-19 residual symptoms 7 days post-treatment.
OSMANLI HUKUK EĞİTİMİNDE HUKUKA GİRİŞ DERSİ VE DERS KİTAPLARI
Authors: Aykanat Mehmet , Ülker İbrahim
Published: December 2024

Hukuk bilimi normatif yapısı, değişken ve esnek oluşu, doğrudan topluma yönelik olması ve toplumu değiştirme gücü ile diğer bilim dallarından ayrılır. Her bilim dalında olduğu gibi hukuk alanında da kendine özgü bir terminoloji vardır. Hukuk bilimi kendine özgü terimler, kavramlar daha da önemlisi bir metodoloji barındırır. Hukuk eğitimi, öğrenciye hukuk bilgisinin yanı sıra hukuk nosyonu kazandırmayı amaçlar. Bu nedenlerle hukuk eğitimine başlayan öğrencilere genel ve temel hukuk bilgisi, hukukun sistemi ve metodolojisini anlatmak üzere hukuka giriş dersleri verilmektedir.
Hukuka giriş dersi hukuk fakültelerinin ve hukuk dersine yer veren diğer fakültelerin müfredatlarında en çok yer alan derstir. En çok ders kitabına sahip hukuk dersinin de hukuka giriş dersi olduğu söylenebilir. Çalışmamız Osmanlı hukuk eğitiminde hukuka giriş dersinin müfredatlardaki yerinin ve ilk ders kitaplarının değerlendirilmesine ilişkindir. Hukuka giriş dersinin yer aldığı okullar, bu okullarda okutulmak üzere hazırlanmış başlıca eserler, eserlerin yazarları ve içerikleri çalışmamızda anlatılmıştır. Farklı anabilim dallarına mensup araştırmacıların, farklı yöntemlerle yazdığı hukuka giriş eserlerinin Osmanlı hukukundaki görünümü genel hatlarıyla ortaya konulmuştur. Hukuk eğitimi veren okulların müfredatları taranmış, yayınlanmış ders kitapları tespit edilmiş, yazarların çalışma alanları ve kitapların içeriğinin hukuka giriş dersine uygunluğu değerlendirilmiştir. Çoğunlukla ders notlarına dayanan eserlerin çok kapsamlı olmadığı, yazarların alanlarına saplanmadan konuları oluşturdukları, kitaplarda farklı yaklaşımların söz konusu olduğu ve birtakım eksikliklerin bulunduğu görülmüştür. Her bir hukuka giriş kitabı sayfa sayısı, kapsamı, konu dağılımı, konuların ele alınışı gibi yönlerden farklıdır. Çalışmamızın kapsamı dışında kalan hukuka giriş konularına ilişkin makale türü araştırmalar üzerine ayrıca çalışılması gereklidir.
Adult Bladder Trauma Management
Authors:   Hospital Alta Especialidad Juan Graham Casasus, Álvarez Carlos Rafael Hernández , Castillo Roberto López ,   Hospital de Alta Especialidad, Lagunes Diana Krystel Acuña ,   Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de Tabasco, Rivera Joseph Alejandro Pérez ,   IMSS Hospital General de Zona 32 Minatitlán Veracruz, Alejandro Jesús David Castillo ,   Hospital Alta Especialidad Juan Graham Casasus, Magaña Julio César Gutiérrez ,   Hospital Alta Especialidad Juan Graham Casasus, Álvarez Karla Sarahí Hernández ,   Hospital Alta Especialidad Juan Graham Casasus, Pérez José Manuel Gómez ,   Hospital de Alta Especialidad "Dr. Gustavo A. Rovirosa Perez"
Published: December 2024

Bladder injuries occur in up to 10% of abdominal trauma cases, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality (10–22%). These injuries may result from blunt or penetrating trauma, as well as iatrogenic damage during surgical procedures. Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial to minimizing complications.

Bladder injuries are classified into extraperitoneal (EP), intraperitoneal (IP), or combined types. Mechanisms of injury vary, with blunt trauma, predominantly from motor vehicle accidents, accounting for 60–85% of cases, and penetrating injuries, such as gunshot wounds, comprising 15–51%. Evaluation includes clinical assessment, cystography, and CT imaging, supplemented by cystoscopy for iatrogenic cases. Management strategies range from conservative catheterization to surgical repair, depending on injury type and severity. EP injuries, the most common type (63%), are frequently associated with pelvic fractures, whereas IP injuries (32%) typically result from blunt trauma to a distended bladder. Conservative management with catheter drainage suffices for most EP injuries; however, IP injuries necessitate surgical intervention to mitigate risks such as sepsis and peritonitis. Outcomes are influenced by concomitant injuries, which are often more critical than the bladder injury itself.

Advanced imaging modalities, particularly CT cystography, offer high sensitivity and specificity for bladder injury diagnosis. While conservative management is preferred for minor injuries, indications for surgical repair include significant extravasation, ongoing urinary leakage, or associated injuries. Multidisciplinary approaches are essential for comprehensive trauma care.
Bladder injuries are rare but carry substantial risks if unrecognized or inadequately treated. Timely diagnosis, guided by clinical suspicion and imaging, coupled with appropriate management strategies, is essential to optimize outcomes and reduce complications.