bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the plant food spectrum at the Jiangzhuang site of the Liangzhu culture (5300–4300 BP) through a starch grain analysis of human dental calculus
Authors: Yin Yitong , Zou Huilin , Gan Huiyuan , Zhu Xiaoting , Tao Dawei
Published: December 2024

The Liangzhu culture (5,300-4,300 BP) is an important archaeological culture in late Neolithic period in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which has entered the stage of an early state. To better understand ancient societies of the Liangzhu culture, the comprehensive studies on the subsistence of the Liangzhu culture is necessary. Until date, many multidisciplinary studies have been conducted on the Liangzhu culture, including archaeobotanical research, which mainly focused on the core area of the Liangzhu culture, and relatively limited archaeobotanical studies were conducted in the non-core area of the Liangzhu culture including the eastern Jianghuai region, where the Jiangzhuang site is located. In this study, a starch grain analysis was conducted on human dental calculus samples belonging to the Liangzhu period from the Jiangzhuang site. A variety of starch grains were extracted from these dental calculus samples, including crops of rice (Oryza sativa) and millets, and wild plants such as Triticeae, Coix sp., Fabaceae, acorns, and roots/tubers, which revealed diverse plant-based consumption by Jiangzhuang inhabitants. Significantly, some newly recognized edible plant species revealed by the starch residue entrapped in the human dental calculus broaden the understanding of plant food spectrum during the Liangzhu period at the Jiangzhuang site. This research reveals broad-spectrum plant consumption in a large settlement located in the non-core area of the Liangzhu culture, and provides new evidence for comprehensive understanding of subsistence patterns in different regions of the Liangzhu culturedistribution area.
Comparing the Performance of IRI-2020 and AfriTEC Ionospheric Models Over East Africa In Case Of Ethiopia During Disturbed Time
Authors: Bagaje Melaku Belayneh
Published: December 2024

This study evaluates the performance of IRI-2020 and AfriTEC ionospheric models in predicting Total Electron Content (TEC) variations during geomagnetically disturbed time over East Africa in the case of Ethiopia. In equatorial places like Ethiopia, the geomagnetic disturbance of the ionosphere can cause significant changes during disturbed time, which could lead to inaccurate position and timing data in satellite navigation and communication systems. For Ethiopian sectoral radio long-distance transmission, it is significant that the electron density can fluctuate diurnally, monthly and seasonally due to variations in the height and peak density of the F-region. To minimize this problem, we use the IRI-2020 model, the AfriTEC model, and GPS-TEC data. The IRI-2020 model data predicted from the instant run version, the AfriTEC model data predicated MatLab toolbox, and GPS-derived TEC data were obtained from the IGS network of ground-based dual-frequency GPS receivers from five Ethiopian sectors. By using geomagnetic parameters from Omniweb data sources, particularly the DST index ranging from -70 to 20 nT for 2016. The results show a consistent daily and monthly correlation between the estimated TEC from both models and the GPS-TEC, with notable seasonal variations. While the models demonstrated good agreement across all seasons, discrepancies were observed in December and June. Seasonal equinox and solstice periods were particularly analyzed, with AfriTEC showing an overestimation of TEC by 3 to 50 TECU in April, yet having a lower root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.36 compared to IRI-2020. Finally, the diurnal, monthly, seasonal statistical RMSE values indicate that the IRI-2020 RMSE is a maximum error and the AfriTEC RMSE is the minimum error value. Therefore, the evidence shows that the AfriTEC ionospheric model gives a better prediction of the TEC at Ethiopian sectors and shows its superior performance in capturing ionospheric behavior during disturbed periods.
Light Use Efficiency (LUE) based bimonthly Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) for global grasslands at 30 m spatial resolution (2000-2022)
Authors: Isik Mustafa Serkan , Parente Leandro , Consoli Davide , Sloat Lindsey , Mesquita Vinicius , Ferreira Laerte Guimaraes , Sabbatini Simone , Stanimirova Radost , Teles Nathália , Robinson Nathaniel , Junior Ciniro Costa , Hengl Tomislav
Published: December 2024

The paper describes production of a high spatial resolution (30 m) bimonthly Light Use Efficiency (LUE) based Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) data set representing grasslands for the period 2000 to 2022. The data set is based on using reconstructed global complete consistent bimonthly Landsat archive (400TB of data), combined with 1 km MOD11A1 temperature data and 1o CERES Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR). First, the LUE model was implemented by taking the biome-specific productivity factor (maximum LUE parameter) as a global constant, producing a global bimonthly (uncalibrated) productivity data for the complete land mask. Second, the GPP 30 m bimonthly maps were derived for the global grassland annual predictions and calibrating the values based on the maximum LUE factor of 0.86 gCm-2d-1MJ-1. The results of validation of the produced GPP estimates based on more than 500 eddy covariance flux towers show an R2 between 0.48-0.71 and RMSE bellow ~2.3 gCm-2d-1 for all land cover classes; for grasslands the RMSE was 1.53 gCm-2d-1. The final time-series of maps (uncalibrated and grassland GPP) are available as bimonthly (daily estimates in units of gCm-2d-1) and annual (daily average accumulated by 365 days in units of gCm-2yr-1 ) in Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFF (~23TB in size) as open data (CC-BY license). The recommended uses of data include: trend analysis e.g. to determine where are the largest losses in GPP and which could be an indicator of potential land degradation, crop yield mapping and for modeling GHG fluxes at finer spatial resolution. Produced maps will be made available via the SpatioTemporal Asset Catalog (http://stac.openlandmap.org) and Google Earth Engine upon publication. In the meantime, beta versions of the product can be accessed through the Global Pasture Watch Early Access data program (https://survey.alchemer.com/s3/7859804/Pasture-Early-Adopters), which provides data in exchange for feedback.
From eco-industrial parks to circular-industrial parks: developing new industrial parks for new business models
Authors: coussa Alexandre
Published: December 2024

This study introduces the understudied concept of circular industrial parks (CIPs), which extend the commonly acknowledged initial role of eco-industrial parks (EIPs) in waste management and energy efficiency. CIPs give a new perspective on EIPs literature by integrating circular business models (CBMs) related to broader aspects of the circular economy (CE), while promoting collaboration with local communities to enhance social, environmental, and economic outcomes. By applying the Sustainable Value Framework (SVF) and the UNIDO EIPs framework, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of how CIPs create value, the strategic stakes for practitioners and policy makers, and a roadmap for their development. The study concludes that CIPs have the potential to drive CE at the local level differently from traditional EIPs and provides actionable strategies for practitioners and policymakers to facilitate their success. They enable the clustering of businesses committed to CE and facilitate the development of new CBMs by providing space for collaboration, innovation, resilience and improved infrastructure for energy and resource use at costs that would be difficult to achieve independently. CIPs also increase the visibility of CBMs within their region and strengthen the role of CE by serving as local hubs for the distribution of resources and goods. This research contributes to the academic and practical understanding of CIPs and opens avenues for further exploration and field studies. While further field studies are needed, CIPs are seen as powerful catalysts for CE and industrial symbiosis.
Erich Kästner, 1899–1974
Authors: Czier Uwe , Primus Dora
Published: December 2024

Erich Kästners übersetzerisches Werk ist vergleichsweise überschaubar. Es umfasst ein Theaterstück für Kinder, zwei Gedichte, ein Drehbuch und zwei Nacherzählungen von Klassikern der Weltliteratur. Hauptzielgruppe seines übersetzerischen Arbeitens waren die Kinder.
The Quality of The Education System for Orphanage Children Between Motivation and Future Building in Irbil City
Authors: Abdullah Korazon Talib
Published: December 2024

A healthy family can progress the successful individuals for society also for themselves. However, sometimes the family will be broken, in this case, the most harmful member is a child who becomes an orphan. This study aims to find out several motivational factors which help orphans to build their future life. Also, it tries to evaluate the quality of education for orphans which follows some structure that influences their welling to access the teaching process. This study is the descriptive quantitative method which takes 112 orphans randomly as samples that include grate 10th,11th, and 12th in Erbil city. The findings reveal that the family is a powerful factor in motivating children to be successful in the current and the future. Therefore, it shows that rather than they have faced many difficulties in their life still they think about the best future and they believe that life is an intelligent challenge so we never give up on our dreams. In addition, the result reveals some negative points such as most of them feel of inequality between orphans and non-orphans in the society. The result illustrates that most of them become dissatisfied when they have many requirements but nobody supports them. On the other hand, also they give up on school motivation because they think it does not meet all requirements. However, this study finds that the majority of samples trust the teachers as they are understandable educators.
You Scratch my Back, and I'll Scratch Yours: Feedback and Recommendation on Freelance Translators Recruitment
Authors: Mahmood Hemn Mohammed Ali
Published: December 2024

Professional translation is now mostly conducted in virtual teams, or production networks, where freelance translators and language service providers (LSPs) communicate via increasingly computerized means. This study examined how feedback are left on profiles and specifically to find extent to which these feedbacks have been manipulated by having a prior agreement with each other (the translation agency and freelancer translator). This study was a multiple-case study since it covered Upwork and Proz.com, and an ethnographic was employed since a cultural context was used for the identification of the websites. Proz.com and Upwork were chosen to investigate and collect the data as both are the most effective websites for freelancers among all other workplace websites. Unstructured observation and semi-structured interviews were carried out for the data collection. The results showed that the vast majority of the feedback on profiles have been biased. In most cases, a settlement between the translation agency and freelancers was made before leaving the feedback. In other words, the feedback should not be depended on when a freelance translator needs to work for a company and vice versa.
Intuition & the Expert Neuroscience Nurse
Authors: Evans Vicki
Published: December 2024

Personal knowledge is a process whereby practice and research evolve simultaneously. Therefore, knowledge evolves with practice. It is a personal process, thus it creates a difficulty when identifying appropriate research methods of objectivity and analysis. Many researchers discount intuition as it is not an analytical process and cannot be studied. Rather, it is associated and absorbed through experience. Expert nurses integrate both intuitive knowledge and scientific development of intuitive skills, thereby enhancing the quality of practice. Today, scholars are beginning to understand the importance and value of expert intuition, especially in the neuroscience arena. It is this personal knowledge and intuition of expert neuroscience nurses that is the focus of this paper.
Perencanaan Manajemen Kewirausahaan Pesantren: Studi Kasus pada SMA Madina Citra Insani Boarding School Kota Samarinda
Authors: Intitsal Amiratul Fadilah , Khojir Khojir
Published: December 2024

Manajemen kewirausahaan pesantren didefinisikan sebagai kegiatan yang mengatur dan mengelola wirausaha di antara anggota masyarakat pesantren dengan tujuan meningkatkan produktivitas dan kreativitas para santri. SMA Madina Citra Insani Boarding School Kota Samarinda memiliki ciri khas dalam pengelolaan kewirausahaan yang melibatkan partisipasi aktif komunitas sekolah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini ialah kepala sekolah, Waka Kesiswaan, pengelola unit usaha, dan pengurus osis. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara semi terstruktur, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana yang meliputi tahap pengumpulan data/penyediaan data, kondensasi data, penyajian data dan pengambilan kesimpulan. Sedangkan uji keabsahan data menggukan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan Planning  program kewirausahaan setiap usaha dirancang dengan cermat untuk memastikan keselarasan dengan kebutuhan santri seperti menyediakan produk yang halal dan sehat, serta kelengkapan santri dan kebutuhan guru seperti usaha tanam saham. Perencanaan ini di lakukannya rapat bersama kepala sekolah dan karyawan sekolah untuk pembentukan unit usaha dengan adanya peluang yang akan di buka di sekolah, selanjutnya di pilih penanggung jawab setiap unit usaha yang di bentuk di sekolah.
Modelling the underlying event in photon-initiated processes
Authors: Butterworth Jonathan Mark , Helenius Ilkka , Juan Castella Juan Jose , Pattengale Bradley , Sanjrani Shahzad , Wing Matthew
Published: December 2024

Modelling the underlying event in high-energy hadronic collisions is important for physics at colliders. This includes lepton colliders, where low-virtuality photons accompanying the lepton beam(s) may develop hadronic structure. Similarly, photon-induced collisions also occur in proton or heavy-ion beam experiments. While the underlying event in proton-proton collisions has been the subject of much study at the LHC, studies of hadronic-photon-induced underlying event are now of increasing interest in light of planned future lepton and lepton-hadron colliders, as well as the photon-induced processes in ultra-peripheral collisions at the LHC. Here we present an investigation of the underlying event in photon-initiated processes, starting from the Pythia models used to describe LHC and Tevatron data, and revisiting HERA and LEP2 data. While no single tune describes all the data with different beam configurations, we find that a good agreement can still be found within the same model by adjusting the relevant parameters separately for \gamma\gammaγγ, \gamma pγp and pppp. This suggests that the basic model of multiparton interaction implemented in Pythia can be applied for different beam configurations. Furthermore, we find that a reasonable agreement for \gamma\gammaγγ and \gamma pγp data, and for pppp data at an LHC reference energy, can be found within a single parametrization, but pppp collisions would prefer a stronger energy dependence, leading to too many multiparton interactions in lower energy photon-induced collisions. On this basis, we make some recommendations for simulations of photon-induced processes, such as \gamma \gammaγγ events at the LHC or FCC and epep or eAeA collisions at the EIC, and suggest possibilities for improvements in the modelling.
Time-dependent Schwinger boson mean-field theory of supermagnonic propagation in 2D antiferromagnets
Authors: Bouman M. D. , Mentink Johan H.
Published: December 2024

Understanding the speed limits for the propagation of magnons is of key importance for the development of ultrafast spintronics and magnonics. Recently, it was predicted that in 2D antiferromagnets, spin correlations can propagate faster than the highest magnon velocity. Here we gain deeper understanding of this supermagnonic effect based on time-dependent Schwinger boson mean-field theory. We find that the supermagnonic effect is determined by the competition between propagating magnons and a localized quasi-bound state, which is tunable by lattice coordination and quantum spin value SS, suggesting a new scenario to enhance magnon propagation.
Replica symmetry breaking in spin glasses in the replica-free Keldysh formalism
Authors: Lang Johannes , Sachdev Subir , Diehl Sebastian
Published: December 2024

We show that the algebra of Parisi ultrametric matrices is recovered by the real-time, replica-free, Dyson-Keldysh equations of infinite-range quantum spin glasses in the late time glassy limit. This connects to earlier results on classical and quantum systems showing how ultrametricity emerges from the persistent slow aging dynamics of the glass phase. The stationary spin glass state thereby spontaneously breaks thermal symmetry, or the Kubo-Martin-Schwinger relation of a state in global thermal equilibrium. We describe the Keldysh path integral of the infinite-range Ising model in transverse and longitudinal fields, and in the context of the Landau expansion of the action functional, show how the long-time limit connects to the full replica symmetry breaking obtained in the equilibrium formalism. We also illustrate our formalism by applying it to the spherical quantum pp-spin model, which only exhibits one-step replica symmetry breaking.
CONTRACTORS PERSPECTIVES ON THE BENEFITS OF DIGITAL DATA MANAGEMENT TOOLS: A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors:   Research Scholar, GIET University, Gunupur, India., K.P. Reghunath , Madhava Rao V. ,   Professor, GIET University, Gunupur, India., Mishra Sarbesh ,   Professor and Dean, NICMAR University of Construction Studies, Hyderabad, India.
Published: December 2024

Professor and Dean, NICMAR University of Construction Studies, Hyderabad, India.
MEDIAL PLANTAR ARTERY FLAP FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF HEEL PAD DEFECTS
Authors:   Post Graduate, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College Hospital, Salem, Tamilnadu, India- 636001., Prithivi Raja K. , Gopalan G. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College Hospital, Salem, Tamilnadu, India- 636001., Sivakumar S. ,   Head of the Department, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College Hospital, Salem, Tamilnadu, India- 636001.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Soft-tissue injury of heel pad is challenging to deal with due to limited reconstructive options. Masquelet and Romana described medial plantar artery flap to reconstruct heel pad with like with like tissue and with lesser donor-site morbidity.

Materials and Methods: The study includes 10 patients with soft tissue defects of the heel pad who presented between 2022- 2024. The patients were followed up for a maximum period of 2 years.

Results: Ten patients with soft tissue defects of the heel underwent medial plantar artery flap were included in the study.

Conclusion: The medial plantar artery flap is a suitable option for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the weight-bearing portion of the heel, resulting in excellent functional outcomes.

Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None.
LOSS OF Y CHROMOSOME, AN ALARM TOWARDS AGGRESSIVE BLADDERCANCER IN MEN: ITS DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS
Authors:   M.Sc. in Zoology, Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Maulana Azad College 8, Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Road, Taltala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700013., Parna Karmakar Madhu , Ghosh Rhitoban ,   M.Sc. in Zoology, Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Maulana Azad College 8, Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Road, Taltala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700013., Mitra Mohima ,   M.Sc. in Zoology, Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Maulana Azad College 8, Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Road, Taltala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700013., Kumar Bhowal Sujit ,   Associate Professor, Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Maulana Azad College 8, Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Road, Taltala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700013., Roy Karmakar Susanta ,   Associate Professor, Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Maulana Azad College 8, Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Road, Taltala, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700013.
Published: December 2024

In comparison to the other chromosomes, it is said that the Y chromosome is a bit poor in genes- being more than 50% of its sequence composed of repeated elements. Moreover, research says that the Y genes are in continuous decay probably due to the lack of recombination of this chromosome. Earlier assumptions carried a notion that the Y chromosome only played a role in guiding the development of the male sex organs in a foetus. However, detailed research studies over the past few years have revealed the fact that apart from only sex determination, the Y chromosome may actually protect men from aggressive bladder cancer. To examine the significance of Y chromosome losses in bladder cancer, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to determine its prevalence and associations with known parameters of malignancy. Detection of mosaic loss of Y chromosome (mLOY) is yet another important issue which is required for the proper diagnosis of the diseases in men. They usually include Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Multiplex PCR-based assays.
IMPACT DE LA PRATIQUE DES TECHNIQUES DE GESTION DURABLE DES TERRES SUR LE RENDEMENT AGRICOLE ET LA REGENERESCENCE VEGETALE DANS LA PROVINCE DU GUERRA
Authors:   Department de Geographie, Ecole Normale Superieure de NDjamena, Tchad BP: 460 NDjamena, Tchad., Adjeffa Epolyste , Bagnon Solgue ,   Department de Geographie, Ecole Normale Superieure de NDjamena, Tchad BP : 460 NDjamena, Tchad., Gilbert Ngodji ,   Faculte des Sciences Exactes et Appliquees de Farcha, Universite de NDjamena, BP : 1027 NDjamena, Tchad.
Published: December 2024

Le contexte du changement climatique caracterise tantot par une installation tardive de la saison dhivernage tantot par un arret precoce de la meme saison rendant ainsi difficile le calage des cycles culturaux. Aussi les grosses averses, de plus en plus reguliÃ¨res sont une veritable source de lerosion entrainent soit par lixiviation soit par transport des elements fertilisants des sols. Lerosion des sols est devenue un veritable facteur limitant du rendement agricole. Les ouvrages qui gouvernent la gestion durable des terres (GDT) sont des mesures correctives a ce phenomÃ¨ne qui menace profondement la production agricole. Lobjectif de cette etude est devaluer les impacts des techniques de gestion durable des terres sur le rendement agricole et la regenerescence du couvert vegetale dans la province du GUERA au Tchad. Pour cela, deux methodes ont ete croisees. (i) une enquete raisonnee et (ii) le calcul des indices NDVI ET SAVI a partir de la teledetection utilisant les images satellitaires. Les resultats obtenus montrent que le rendement agricole de lannee de reference oscillait entre 0.001-2.2t/ha alors que celui aprÃ¨s les amenagements se situe entre 0.007-2.7t/ha. La regenerescence du couvert vegetal, quant a elle a connu une croissance couvrant une superficie allant de 4 176 105m2 a lannee de reference (2017) a 6 460 250m2 en 2023.
CRITIQUES BY MUSAID AL-TAYYAR REGARDING THE ISSUE OF USUL AL-TAFSIR
Authors:   Research Centre for al-Quran and al-Sunnah, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Fakhrurrazi Mohammed Zabidi Ahmad , Firdaus Abdul Mujid Muhammad ,   Research Centre for al-Quran and al-Sunnah, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Muhaimin Ahmad Abd ,   Faculty of al-Quran and Sunnah Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 71800 Bandar Baru Nilai, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia., Azraai Jamsari Ezad ,   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: December 2024

The al-Quran is a scripture that acts as a guide for life. Solutions for all the problems faced by humans are provided for in the al-Quran. Engaging with the al-Quran requires a disciplined approach to knowledge in order to ensure that it is accurately understood. Usul al-Tafsir (Principles of Quranic Exegesis) is one of the essential disciplines required to comprehend the al-Quran. Researchers are expected to adopt a more critical way of thinking in this contemporary era of globalization to ensure that the development of knowledge continues to expand and remain relevant. A stagnated mindset hinders the expression of ideas and the growth of knowledge, which prevents both from flourishing effectively. Musaid al-Tayyar is recognized as a critical and influential thinker in the field of Quranic studies. His ideas and critiques are accompanied by in-depth justifications based on his comprehensive analyses. This qualitative study adopted a content analysis approach, focusing on the works of Musaid al-Tayyar and supported by other relevant literature. Data obtained in this study were descriptively and thematically analysed. Findings demonstrate that his thoughts are grounded in arguments and justification that emerge from his mastery of classical works related to Quranic exegesis, tabaqat al-mufassirin (the ranks of interpreters) scriptures, historical records etc. His thoughts should be further emphasised in subsequent research to benefit scholars and foster a genuine understanding of the discipline of Usul al-Tafsir.
Smart contracts on blockchain for insurance and Takaful industry
Authors: Zulaikha Siti , Mohamed Hazik , Nur Rosyidi Luthfi
Published: December 2024

Blockchain technology can drastically reduce the costs associated with claim verification in the insurance and Takaful industry while increasing trust among involved parties through smart contracts and a shared source of truth. This study examines whether Takaful operators and insurance companies apply blockchain differently and explores the benefits of blockchain technology and smart contracts for both. It conducts a systematic review of relevant literature and a meta-analysis to assess how current studies describe and combine cases as evidence. The results indicate that Takaful and insurance companies that use smart contracts experience a reduction in fraudulent claims, increased transparency, enhanced connections between involved parties, and automation of claim payments with minimal human intervention. The analysis reveals no difference in the application of blockchain technology between the two types of operators, despite the distinct operating contracts of Takaful and conventional insurance.
Arkeolojik Kaynaklar Işığında Orta Asya Bozkırlarında At’ın Evcilleştirilmesi
Authors: Özbilen Serdar
Published: December 2024

İnsanlık tarihinde büyük değişim ve dönüşümleri sağlayan atın kullanım alanı günümüzde hâlen devam etmektedir. Binlerce yıldır geçmiş tarihimize ortak olan bu hayvanın önemi, araştırmaya değer konulardan birisidir. Başlangıçta besin üretimi için kullanılan at zamanla binicilik amacıyla da kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Ve toplumlar arasındaki mesafeleri kısaltarak kültürlerarası etkileşimlerin hızlanmasını sağlamıştır. İlerleyen süreçte ise çekiş ve savaş amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Ancak tüm bu gelişmelerin ışığında atın tam olarak nerede ve ne zaman evcilleştirildiği konusu hâlen açıklığa kavuşturulamamıştır. Burada atın evcilleştirilmesiyle ilgili arkeolojik kaynaklar ışığında söz konusu teorilere göz atarak atın insanlık tarihinin failliğindeki yerine değineceğiz. Ayrıca atın imparatorluk kültürlerindeki son aşamasını temsil eden Yakın Doğu örneklerine de göz atacağız. Çalışmamızın amacı atın geçmişimizle olan bağını anlayıp bu doğrultuda yapılacak olan çalışmalara bir nebze de olsa zemin hazırlayabilmektir. Çalışmamızın ana yöntemi ise arkeolojik kaynaklar ve yazılı/görsel belgelerin yorumlanması şeklinde olacaktır.
Budizm’deki Altı Bilinç Kavramı Üzerine Eski Uygurca Bir Fragman
Authors: Özcan Betül
Published: December 2024

Mahāyāna ekolünde önemli bir kavramı temsil eden Buddha doğası, insan vücudunda tesadüfen bir araya gelmiş fenomenlerden oluşmaktadır. Budist inanışa göre canlılar bu fenomenlerle yani arzularla doğar ve arzulardan kurtulamadıkları sürece doğum-ölüm çemberinde -saṃsāra’da- kalmaya devam eder. Budizm’de insan doğuştan altı duyu organına ya da altı bilince –göz, kulak, burun, dil, beden ve zihin- sahiptir. Terim Sanskritçede ṣaḍāyatana “altı obje; altı duyu; altı aslî nitelik” ifadesine karşılık gelmektedir. Doğuştan duyu organlarına sahip olan kişi için bu tür nesneler bir tehdit değildir. Aksine insanı geçici yaşamdan hakikate eriştirecek ara objelerdir. İnsan ancak düşünceleriyle ve yaptığı eylemlerle kendini ya doğru yola götürür ya da felakete sürükler. Yani kurtuluşa erişmek tamamen şahsi bir meseledir. Bu yüzden kişi boş, süreksiz ve yanıltıcı olan altı arzu nesnesine kendini kaptırmamalıdır. Yazının da konusunu oluşturan Budizm’deki altı bilinç ilkesine göre kişi, duyu organlarına kendini kaptırmadan saṃsāra’dan kurtulup Buddhalığa erişmeyi hedeflemektedir. Budizm’deki altı bilinç kavramı üzerine Eski Uygurca bir fragmana ait olduğu tespit edilen bu metin parçası, bugün Berlin Turfan Koleksiyonu’nda Mainz 299 (o.F.) arşiv numarasıyla korunmaktadır. Şimdiye kadar neşri gerçekleştirilmemiş bu fragmanın yazı çevirimi, harf çevirisi, Türkiye Türkçesine aktarımı, açıklamaları, dizin ile sözlüğünün sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Tarihî Satır Altı Kur’an Tercümelerinde Yaklaşma Kılınışı-Yakınlaşıcı Bakış Açısını İşaretleyen Analitik Formlar Üzerine Sentaktik-Semantik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Ersoy Gülser
Published: December 2024

Tarihî Türk dilinin grameri ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalarda yaklaşma kılınışı ve yakınlaşıcı bakış açısı ile ilgili yapılan açıklamalar bu kategorileri oluşturan formların çeşitliliğini ortaya koyması bakımından tatmin edici değildir. Nitekim tarihî satır altı Kur’an tercümeleri tarandığında ilgili kategorilere örnek teşkil edecek çok sayıda analitik formlara tanıklık edilmektedir. Eldeki çalışma ile yaklaşma kılınışı ve yakınlaşıcı bakış açısını işaretleyen bu formların sentaktik ve semantik özellikleri ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır. Formların yapısı içerisinde yer alan yawu-, yawukla- gibi fiillerin yanı sıra –A yaz-, yawuk bol-, az kal-, yakın bol- yardımcı fiillerin sadece –DI kesin geçmiş zaman morfemi ile değil aynı zamanda aorist ve istek morfemleri ile çekimlenmesinden yola çıkarak ilgili formların dâhil olduğu kategoriyi belirlemede morfemlerin, morfo-sentaktik yapıların ve leksik birimlerin ne denli bir öneme sahip olduğu üzerinde durulacaktır.
Rübâb-ı Şikeste’de Kuş İmgesi
Authors: Erdoğan Çeltik Seher
Published: December 2024

Edebiyât-ı Cedîde'nin teşekkülünde ve Servet-i Fünûn dergisi etrafında şekillenmesinde büyük rol oynayan Tevfik Fikret, Türk şiirinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Kendisi Edebiyât-ı Cedîde şiirinin, Cenap Şahabettin'le, kurucularındandır. Onun şiirlerinde karamsarlık, melankoli duygusu varlığını hissettirir. Resim, müzik gibi güzel sanatların farklı dallarına da ilgi duyan Tevfik Fikret'in bu eğilimi tablolar ve müzikalite ile kendisini aşikâr eder. Şiirlerinde dikkati çeken bir diğer husus da tabiata bakıştır. Tabiat onun için his ve hayallerin gezindiği mekândır. Bu hususiyetler çerçevesinde şairin "kuş imgesi" etrafında şekillenen imaj dünyası dikkate değer görülüp incelenmiştir. Tevfik Fikret'in şiirlerinde kuş ve kuş çeşitlerine bakarak onun bu kavram etrafında nasıl bir imge dünyası yarattığını ortaya çıkarmak isteyen bu çalışma, Rübâb-ı Şikeste'deki kuş ve kuş çeşitlerini ifade eden kelime dünyasını tespit etmeyi ve şairin kuş imgesi etrafında yarattığı imaj dünyasını belirlemeyi hedeflemiştir. Bu bağlamda Rübâb-ı Şikeste'de kuş, tuyûr/ tayr ve mürg kelimeleri yanında bûm (baykuş), serçe, Anka, bülbül/ hezâr, kanarya, kebûter (güvercin), ukâb (kartal) gibi kuş türleriyle oluşturulan imaj dünyası ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Sovyetler Birliği’nde Din Karşıtı Uygulamalar: Kazakistan Örneği (1920-1930)
Authors: Abısheva Zhanat , Utkelbayev Kydyrbay , Azırbekova Amankul
Published: December 2024

Öz
Devlet ile din arasındaki ilişki sorunu, her bir toplumda aktüeldir. Din politikasının toplumun geçiş dönemlerinde köklü bir değişime uğrayacağını tarihsel olaylar kanıtlamıştır. Yetmiş yıllık Sovyet komünist rejim tarihi boyunca dinle ilgili kanun ve kararnameler çıkarılarak kitleleri dinden uzaklaştırmak için bir takım tedbirler alınmıştır. Böylelikle halkı manevi değerlerinden mahrum bırakarak ateistlerden oluşan bir toplum yaratmak istenmiş ve bu yolda Bolşevik Partisi’nin kusursuz kadroları yetiştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Din adamlarına yönelik terör başlatılarak Müslümanlar için kutsal sayılan cami ve medreseler kapatılmış ve dini Ramazan ve Kurban Bayramları eskiliğin kalıntısı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Çalışmada, Sovyet yönetiminin ilk yıllarında hükümetin dine ve din adamlarına karşı yaptıkları çalışmalarının ilerleyişini Kazakistan örneğinde inceleme amaçlanmıştır. Yazarlar, İslam’a karşı mücadelenin devlet düzeyinde yürütüldüğünü vurgulamışlardır. Belgelerden hareketle, Sovyet hükümetinin gündemindeki konuların başında “işçi sınıfının düşmanı” olarak görülen dini anlayış ve dindarlara yönelik katı cezai tedbirlerin olduğu analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, insanları dinden ve dini adamlarından tecrit etmeye yardımcı olan devlet kuruluşlarının çalışmaları da incelenmiştir.
Optimization of water distribution networks using simulated annealing (SA) with variable neighbourhood search (VNS): a case study in the city of Malard
Authors: Jandaghi Hossein , Haghgoo Ahmad , Tavakoli Moghadam Mahtab
Published: December 2024

Water distribution networks (WDNs) are essential for modern cities, as effective design can reduce construction costs and ensure reliable service. As cities expand, optimizing these large networks becomes increasingly complex. In this work, we introduce a novel approach by combining simulated annealing (SA) with variable neighbourhood search (VNS) into a single heuristic algorithm for WDN optimization, marking the first use of the SA-VNS method in this context. Additionally, we apply Taguchi's design of experiments (DOE) to tune the parameters of the SA-VNS algorithm specifically for water networks. We tested our new algorithm on four standard benchmark networks and a real-world WDN, including a case study of a large city. Our results demonstrate that the SA-VNS algorithm outperforms existing methods in terms of cost, speed, and overall effectiveness, making this research a significant advancement in both heuristic methods and parameter-tuning techniques for WDN optimization.
Assessing the suitability of water for irrigation purposes using irrigation water quality indices in the Irob catchment, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Abadi Haile Tadelle , Alemayehu Tewodros , Berhe Berihu Abadi
Published: December 2024

Irrigation alleviates poverty in arid and semi-arid regions, such as Ethiopia, necessitating a water suitability assessment. This study evaluates irrigation water quality in the Irob catchment, Northern Ethiopia. It differs by using combined parameters of the irrigation water quality index (IWQI) for comprehensive assessment beyond standard comparisons. Eighteen water samples were collected and analyzed using ultraviolet spectrometry, titration, and atomic absorption spectrometry. The evaluation considered electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), sodium adsorption ratio, sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate, permeability index, magnesium ratio, Kelley's index, potential salinity, and the IWQI. The findings revealed that 22.2, 38.9, 88.8, 66.7, 83.3, 66.7, 100, 72.2, and 55.6% of samples exceeded recommended standards for EC, TDS, TH, permeability index, manganese, cobalt, copper, cadmium, and nickel, respectively. Most water quality parameters meet standards, but improved irrigation management is crucial to reduce risks. The IWQI indicates that 22.2% of water samples have minor restrictions, while 77.8% have no restrictions. This method provides key insights for evaluating irrigation water quality in similar hydrogeological and environmental conditions, particularly in semi-arid and arid regions. The findings enhance the understanding of sustainable water quality, supporting local authorities in developing resilient irrigation strategies for regional agricultural sustainability.
TRAJETÓRIAS TRANSMASCULINAS, A DESCOBERTA DE UMA IDENTIDADE E AS RELAÇÕES FAMILIARES
Authors: Ribeiro Andressa
Published: December 2024

Este artigo trata da relação entre homens trans, e outras transmaculinidades, e suas famílias no momento de revelação à família dessas identidades. O artigo tem fundamento em narrativas de vida de cinco interlocutores que viviam na cidade de Salvador, na Bahia, entre os anos de 2013 e 2018, entre 18 e 28 anos de idade, e é construído com base nos relatos de experiência de vida assim como em entrevistas em profundidade. Em determinado momento de suas vidas, eles assumem uma identidade transmasculina e, diante disso, negociam com suas famílias essa nova identidade de gênero. Menos do que reagir a uma revelação problemática, as narrativas mostram que o grupo familiar se engaja em um novo tipo de agenciamento das relações; ora no sentido de atuar para a reinscrição sexuada do sujeito no grupo familiar a partir do reconhecimento de seu novo gênero de identificação, ora reafirmando o gênero assignado no nascimento. Este artigo procura refletir sobre trajetórias de vida de homens trans, e outras transmasculinidades, e suas relações com o grupo familiar.
INTERSECÇÕES DA TRANSGRESSÃO
Authors: Costa de Freitas Jan Clefferson , Medeiros Maia Nathália Cristina
Published: December 2024

Neste artigo investigaremos o pensamento feminista de bell hooks com o propósito de evidenciar algumas das suas principais contribuições à filosofia decolonial. Através de uma metodologia analítico-descritiva que coaduna revisão bibliográfica, leitura aproximada e escrita criativa, nós examinaremos e delinearemos a perspectiva de hooks em relação ao conceito de interseccionalidade: uma noção fundamental tanto para compreender a complexidade das opressões enfrentadas pelas mulheres negras quanto para reconhecer uma correlação de forças entre raça, classe e gênero. Entrementes, detalharemos como hooks enfatiza a necessidade de uma articulação internacional entre as feministas para que possam desafiar as hierarquias dominantes e impulsionar as revoluções na sociedade. Uma característica distintiva de sua concepção societal, que nós pretendemos apreciar, está relacionada à valorização da comunicação como ferramenta indispensável à construção da solidariedade entre as ativistas não-brancas, a fim de combater as violências das que sobreviveram e transgredir as normas estabelecidas pelo sistema capitalista, racista e patriarcal. Em poucas palavras, idealizamos obter como resultado desta aventura conceitual um entendimento mais amplo da negritude feminista para o fortalecimento de um ativismo decolonial, antirracista e antissexista, que contribua efetivamente com a luta por justiça social e igualdade de direitos.
Índice de transformação antrópica (ITA) aplicado à bacia hidrográfica do rio Araranguá, Santa Catarina, entre os anos de 1985, 2005 e 2019
Authors: Silva José Gustavo Santos da , Ladwig Nilzo  Ivo , Back Álvaro José
Published: December 2024

Os estudos de cobertura e uso da terra são fundamentais para o planejamento e gestão territorial, especialmente quando se busca representar a dinâmica da paisagem. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender e quantificar as transformações ocorridas na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Araranguá, no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, ao longo de três períodos distintos (1985, 2005 e 2019). A metodologia utilizada consistiu em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa, foi realizada uma análise multitemporal da cobertura e uso da terra, utilizando o método de regiões para classificação temática das imagens de satélite LANDSAT 5 e 8. Para processamento das imagens, foram empregados os softwares QGIS, ArcGIS 10.3 e IDRISI Selva. Na segunda etapa, foi aplicado o Índice de Transformação Antrópica (ITA) após a classificação temática, com o objetivo de entender a influência antrópica sobre o território em análise. Os resultados indicaram que, ao longo dos 35 anos abordados pelo estudo, a classe de pastagem e vegetação rasteira foi a mais reduzida em termos de área total (-532,29 km²), enquanto as áreas agrícolas (tipo solo exposto) cresceram significativamente (521,97 km²). Outras classes que apresentaram redução foram as áreas de extração mineira (-29,15 km²) e áreas de dunas e areais (-7,00 km²). O ITA foi classificado como "degradação regular" para a bacia como um todo em todos os anos de análise, com valores variando entre 3,15 em 1985, 3,52 em 2005 e 3,49 em 2019.
Índices de conforto térmico aplicado à cidade de São João de Pirabas, Nordeste Paraense
Authors: Pereira Augusto Gabriel da Costa , Pereira Raimundo Vitor Santos , Ribeiro Reinaldo Matheus Reis , Almeida Sindy Samantha de Sousa , Nascimento Willie Nelson Farias do , Filho José Danilo da Costa Souza , Rodrigues Hernani José Brazão , Ribeiro João Batista Miranda , Gomes Dênis José Cardoso , Moraes Bergson Cavalcanti de , Júnior João de Athaydes Silva
Published: December 2024

A grande concentração de pessoas em zonas urbanas em uma região tropical (quente e úmida) é uma das problemáticas recorrentes quando se trata de conforto térmico. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o conforto térmico do município de São João de Pirabas-PA. Os dados meteorológicos (temperatura do ar e umidade relativa do ar) foram coletados usando 3 microloggers modelo HOBO U10, programados para realizar os registros a cada 30 minutos, no período das 08 às 18 horas. Foram instalados no interior de abrigos adequados, a fim de protegê-los de interferências externas. A coleta dos dados ocorreu nos dias 20 a 22 de junho de 2023, de forma simultânea em locais pré-definidos, levando em consideração a cobertura da superfície. Nesta pesquisa foram utilizados os: Índice de Calor (IC), Índice de Temperatura Efetiva (ITE) e o Índice de Desconforto Térmico (IDT). Nas médias diárias da temperatura do ar, dos três locais expostos anteriormente, ficaram em torno 30,4 °C; 28,1 °C; 30,2 °C, enquanto a umidade relativa variou entre 69%; 83%; 70%. O IC apontou pouca variação temporal, o ITE e IDT mostraram diferenças entre o ponto 1 (desconforto) comparado aos demais. A cidade precisa de medidas para melhorar o conforto térmico.
Utilização de resíduos da construção civil e fibras como tecnologias alternativas de tratamento de solos, visando materiais mais sustentáveis para áreas de risco uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Silva Rayane Gabriella Pereira da , Lafayette Kalinny Patrícia Vaz
Published: December 2024

Nos últimos anos houve um crescimento desordenado nas principais cidades do País, e dentre as regiões analisadas, o Nordeste é a segunda com o maior número de habitantes em áreas de risco. Desastres como alagamentos e deslizamentos de encostas tem sido recorrente nos últimos anos, apesar destes problemas terem origem natural sofrem influências das ações antrópicas. Isto acelera também, o processo de geração de resíduos sólidos, afetando o desenvolvimento sustentável e a segurança dos moradores nestes ambientes. O objetivo desta pesquisa é realizar uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) para analisar os fatores mais relevantes que contribuem para deslizamentos, como também melhoramento do solo como incorporação de resíduos da construção civil (RCC) e fibras. Foi realizada uma pesquisa em algumas bases de dados, limitando em artigos científicos, de revisão e dissertações na área de engenharia civil nos últimos 6 anos (2018-2023), resultando em 42 artigos. A partir dos resultados foi possível analisar que os principais fatores que influenciam no deslizamento de encostas são as ações antrópicas. Por fim, a incorporação de RCC e fibras ao solo, apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, pois, o aumento da resistência com a incorporação desses materiais, agiram de forma efetiva e benéfica nas propriedades do solo.
Estimativa da qualidade das águas das vertentes do Rio Grande – Brasil em diferentes cenários: modelagem das variáveis DBO e OD utilizando o Qual-UFMG
Authors: Gomides Clécio Eustáquio , Matos Mateus Pimentel de , Fia Ronaldo , Fonseca Alysson Rodrigo
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar e aplicar uma metodologia de modelagem de qualidade das águas, na gestão de recursos hídricos, avaliando dentre outras coisas, a eficácia das obrigações previstas na legislação, frente aos usos previstos na bacia. Utilizou-se como estudo de caso a bacia hidrográfica brasileira GD2, considerando os lançamentos de esgoto de 30 municípios. Foram modelados Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio (DBO) e Oxigênio Dissolvido (OD), em quatro cenários, utilizando o modelo Qual-UFMG. Nos dois primeiros cenários, que retratam a situação atual e tendencial (2033), verificou-se uma boa condição para a maior parte da bacia, com exceção dos trechos de cabeceira, onde valores preocupantes para DBO e OD foram encontrados. Em C-03 investigou-se os resultados do atendimento da legislação (90% de esgoto coletado e tratado e 70% de remoção de DBO) para 2033. Constatou-se que, para a maior parte das regiões de cabeceira, não será suficiente para garantir os usos previstos, exigindo maiores percentuais de atendimento e eficiência. Em C-04, foram encontradas as eficiências mínimas de remoção de DBO necessárias para atender aos usos previstos. Foram encontrados, em cursos d’água com pequena razão de diluição, eficiências muito elevadas e muitas vezes inalcançáveis, sugerindo a necessidade de outras medidas de controle.
Impactos socioecônomicos e ambientais: uma avaliação do entorno do açude Realejo, Crateús-CE
Authors: Batista Gabriele de Souza , Filho Mauro Normando Macêdo Barros , Sousa Ayrton Flavio Nascimento de , Silva Jhessika Angell Alves e , França Lorena Rayssa Cunha , Cunha Patricia Herminio
Published: December 2024

Em 1980, o açude Realejo foi construído no estado do Ceará a fim de atender demandas relacionadas ao abastecimento humano rural, a agricultura e a pesca de espécies nativas. Mediante sua construção, é fundamental compreender as dinâmicas entre a água e a população rural, no que diz respeito a disponibilidade hídrica, as práticas agrícolas e o bem-estar socioeconômico da comunidade. O estudo objetiva avaliar os impactos nos âmbitos social, econômico e ambiental gerados pela construção do açude Realejo, localizado no município de Crateús-CE, ao longo de quatro períodos distintos: 1980-1990, 1991-2011, 2012-2017 e 2018-2022. Utilizou-se dados históricos, história oral, cartografia social e sensoriamento remoto para avaliar o uso e ocupação do entorno do reservatório. Nota-se que a construção do reservatório favoreceu o crescimento da agricultura irrigada e o aumento dos aglomerados humanos na região, mas impulsionou a degradação da cobertura florestal, a contaminação dos recursos hídricos e uma possível descaracterização da agricultura familiar na área. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de realização de estudos prévios à implantação de obras hidráulicas para avaliar a viabilidade de execução, entender as implicações sociais e ambientais da construção e embasar o desenvolvimento de estratégias para a gestão integrada e sustentável dos recursos hídricos.