bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nitrate-N trends in Mississippi and Atchafalaya River Basin Watersheds: Exploring correlations of watershed features with nutrient transport components 2000-2020.
Authors: Botero-Acosta Alejandra , McIsaac Gregory , Warner Richard , Gilinsky Ellen , Lee Jong
Published: November 2024

Nutrient reduction strategies in the Mississippi and Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB) have been implemented since mid-2010’s to attenuate the impacts of non-point source pollution to the Gulf of Mexico. Of all nutrients, nitrate represents the largest threat due to its extended presence throughout the basin and its high solubility in water. To evaluate the performance of state reduction strategies, long-term changes of riverine nitrate should be identified. The objective of this study was to estimate the flow-normalized (FN) nitrate-N concentration and yield trends for the 2000-2020 period across the MARB. A harmonization and in-depth screening of paired nitrate-N and streamflow datasets resulted in a robust water quality monitoring network of 217 sites. Trends magnitude and likelihood were computed using the Weighted Regression on Time, Discharge, and Season (WRTDS) coupled to a bootstrap test, and trends results were correlated with basin features and initial values. Nutrient supply and flow components of trends were computed through the stationary and non-stationary flow normalization. Results indicated that 59.4% of the 217 sites had likely decreasing trends, while 27.6% likely increased, and the remaining 12.9% had no likely change detected. Reductions in riverine FN nitrate-N were clustered in the north central region of the MARB, with watersheds dominated by cultivated cropland having relatively high FN concentrations and yields in 2000 followed by likely downward trends. For the vast majority of sites, the streamflow component contributed to increased FN nutrients, but the nutrient supply component was more dominant than the streamflow component.
Evaluation and Planning Application of Oasis Habitat Stability in Arid Regions Based on the PPSD Model: A Case Study of Wensu County, Xinjiang.
Authors: Liu Keyi , Ge Sheng , Wu Xingcheng , Li Dihua
Published: November 2024

Oasis regions, with high population and wealth density, are vital for human habitation and ecological balance in arid areas, where their stability and sustainability are crucial for human habitation and ecological balance. Current research on oasis stability often focuses on the impact of natural and human factors on oasis systems, overlooking the interactive and dynamic role of human and natural facts as both enhancing and demanding entities from these ecosystems. This study introduces the PPSD (Promotion-Pressure-Support-Destruction) model to comprehensively assess human and natural influences on oasis stability. It quantifies human actions' promotion(such as water infrastructure and traffic development) and pressures (resource consumption and development intensity) on oases, as well as natural support (water, land, biodiversity) and destructive forces (disasters, climate). The study takes Wensu County in Xinjiang as the research subject, and reveals that the stability scores of the existing oasis regions in Wensu County are relatively high, with notable performance in the northwest of the western oasis and the south, east, and north of the eastern oasis. By analyzing the spatial distribution of 16 different combinations of the four forces, the county is divided into eight ecological zones: nature reserves, ecological improvement areas, maintenance zones, restoration areas, natural retention belts, natural development potential areas, and potential developing areas. Planning and conservation suggestions are proposed for each zone. Finally, integrating stability analysis with planning, a strategy for Wensu's oasis development is suggested, advocating for "optimize the western area along the Kumal River, control northern development towards the Hamantala Mountains, extend the eastern area of Qingnian Town, and connect the southern with the Aksu region." along with a phased land use planning and development sequence based on the suitable scale of the oasis.
Production and characterization of environmentally friendly oil base mud from raphia palm seeds (raphia hookeri)
Authors: Olasoji Oluwabori
Published: November 2024

This research project aims to investigate the feasibility and sustainability of producing an environmentally friendly oil base mud from Raphia palm seeds. The study will involve the entire process from seed selection to mud characterization, emphasizing the potential benefits and applications in the oil and gas drilling industry. Due to the increase in environmental issues, there is a need for drilling companies to come up with a safer, environmentally friendly oil-based drilling fluid. For this study, oil extracted from Raphia Palm seed was used as the base fluid for drilling mud samples in the laboratory. The Raphia Palm seed oil (RPSO) extracted was tested and compared with the standard requirements for oil needed for oil-based drilling fluid. Results showed that the RPSO met the requirements and can be used in formulation of oil-based drilling muds. Oil-in-water emulsion was made using an oil/water ratio of 70 to 30. 254ml of oil and 105 ml of water. 35g of bentonite and barite were finally added to build up the density to 8.58ppg. The mud sample was formulated with Raphia Palm seed oil (RPSO) as the base fluid and compared to a diesel-based mud sample of the same quantity. Different mud tests such as toxicity, filtration, pH, viscosity and density were carried out on each of the samples to ascertain the suitability of their properties for drilling operation and their degree of safety to the environment. The results obtained showed that Raphia Palm seed oil (RPSO) mud has the lowest viscosity (their values) which implies less resistance to flow and lower pressure losses. The outcome of the toxicity test confirmed Raphia Palm seed to be safer and less harmful while diesel is highly toxic as expected. The overall result obtained from the test indicates that Raphia Palm seed oil (RPSO) based muds stand a chance of being among the technically and environmentally viable replacement for the conventional diesel oil-based muds. The study serves as one of the solutions to the environmental problem associated with oil-based drilling operations. It can be adduced from these results that, with appropriate and adequate additives, the formulated synthetic-based drilling mud could compete favorably with bentonite as a possible drilling fluid for the oil and gas industry.
Loss Aversion in Auctions: Evidence from TV
Authors: Kasper Matthias , Esslinger Anna
Published: November 2024

This study uses unique auction data to study loss aversion in sellers. Our analysis of TV shows including 512 auctions and 3,940 offers reveals that sellers perceive the appraised market value as the reference price. Consistent with the predictions of prospect theory, the likelihood to bargain for higher offers as well as the willingness to sell then reflects loss aversion. Specifically, we find that most bargaining happens in the loss domain and that sellers are 6% more likely to bargain for higher offers when the current offer is below the appraised market value. Conversely, the median value of accepted offers falls precisely on the reference price and willingness to sell is 11% higher for offers in the gain domain. We also investigate reference point formation and find that sellers’ initial expectations affect the outcomes of auctions. Consistent with the application of a MinMax heuristic, sellers who initially underestimate the value of their item sell below the reference price while sellers who initially overestimate the value of their item sell above the reference price. Finally, we find that duration of ownership can positively influence sellers’ price expectations, but neither duration of ownership nor emotional attachment affect seller behavior.
Examining Personality Psychology to Unpack the Peer Review System: Towards a More Diverse, Inclusive, and Equitable Psychological Science
Authors: Atherton Olivia E. , Westberg Dulce Wilkinson , Perkins Vernita , Lawson Katherine M. , Jeftic Alma , Jayawickreme Eranda , Zhang Stella , Hu Zaiyuan , McLean Kate C. , Bottesini Julia G. , Syed Moin , Chung Joanne M.
Published: November 2024

Peer review serves to evaluate the scientific validity and quality of research by other researchers within the same field. Psychology, like many other disciplines, uses peer review to determine whether researchers’ work is published, where it is published, and in what form. However, the peer review system is imperfect, often perpetuating harm, exclusion, and inequities. We believe these problems hinder psychology from becoming a truly representative and valid science. In this paper, we uncover the historical roots of the peer review system in psychology and describe how these roots persist today. Then, using personality psychology as an exemplar, we leverage a social justice lens to: (1) document key contemporary problems in the peer review system; (2) identify global challenges in peer review; and (3) provide recommendations and guiding questions that might help the field become more equitable, diverse, just, and inclusive. To do so, we draw upon three sources of information: our personal experiences, qualitative and quantitative data from 104 self-identifying personality psychologists, and the prior literature. Ultimately, the goal of this work is to give voice to those who have been harmed in peer review, and to inform how we might reimagine peer review in personality psychology and beyond.
MEMPERTAHANKAN EKSISTENSI SEJARAH MELALUI PEMBUATAN FILM RATU ZALEHA
Authors: Zalukhu Hadirat Berkat
Published: November 2024

Sejarah adalah cermin identitas bangsa, dan pemahaman akan tokoh-tokoh seperti Ratu Zaleha sangat penting, terutama bagi generasi muda. Artikel ini menyoroti peran Ratu Zaleha sebagai pahlawan lokal dalam perjuangan kemerdekaan Banjar dan mengusulkan pembuatan film untuk menyajikan kisahnya secara menarik. Melalui riset dan penulisan naskah yang kuat, film ini bertujuan menghidupkan kembali memori sejarah, menumbuhkan kecintaan terhadap warisan budaya, dan menginspirasi generasi mendatang untuk menjaga nilai-nilai perjuangan pahlawan. Upaya ini mendorong masyarakat untuk aktif dalam melestarikan sejarah yang berharga.Kata Kunci: Ratu Zaleha, Film Sejarah, Pahlawan Lokal.
Ratu Zaleha Sebagai Pahlawan Wanita Yang Tangguh
Authors: Indarwati Artika
Published: November 2024

Ratu Zaleha Sebagai Pahlawan Wanita Yang Tangguh
Metrological characteristic of the pipette method (GOST 12536-2014) for determining soil granulometric composition
Authors:   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lebedeva М.А. , Khudyaev S.A. ,   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2024

The aim of the study. To calculate precision indicators (repeatability and reproducibility) and uncertainty in determining the granulometric (grain) composition of soils using the pipette method. Methods. Using the pipette method the content of the following granulometric fractions was determined in soil samples: 0,1–0,05 mm, 0,05–0,01 mm, 0,01–0,005 mm, 0,005–0,002 mm, 0,002–0,001 mm, less than 0,01 mm, less than 0,001 mm. The determination of pH of the salt extract was carried out by potentiometric technique, and organic matter was measured photometrically. For each aliquot of the sample 16 single measurements were obtained for each soil fraction. Based on these data, precision indicators were assessed under conditions of intra-laboratory repeatability and reproducibility, uncertainty indicators were assessed as well. Main results. The following intralaboratory quality indicators were obtained for the method of determining the granulometric (grain) composition of soils using the pipette method: 1) The value of the intralaboratory repeatability indicator of analysis results (σr) ranged 0,4–1,8%. 2) The relative indicator of intralaboratory precision (σR) was within the 0,7–2,9% range. 3) Expanded uncertainty (U) for different soil fractions ranged from 0,9 to 3,9%. Conclusions. The calculated metrological characteristics of determining the granulometric (grain) composition of soils using the pipette method facilitates the internal control of the measurements quality, promoting the quality and confidence in the laboratory work.
Modelling wellbeing during public health interventions for respiratory epidemics
Authors: Brooks Joe
Published: November 2024

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including lockdown measures, by governments around the world has been informed by mathematical modelling. Broadly, these models look to gauge how well NPIs control disease transmission. Here we present a model that not only forecasts the effectiveness of NPIs in restricting contacts but also assesses their influence on the mental wellbeing of affected populations. Our model is informed by data from the United Kingdom Time Use Survey, 2014-2015. This survey recorded the time participants spent in different social settings as well as self-reported enjoyment in these settings, allowing us to augment a quantitative model of social contact behaviour with associated wellbeing estimates. We use this model to assess the effectiveness of NPIs aimed at reducing social contacts in different settings and estimate their impact on population-level wellbeing. Our findings indicate that workplace closures represent the most effective intervention for slowing disease spread, while NPIs targeting other contact locations have comparatively limited impacts on transmission. Our model suggests that workplace closures not only effectively reduce infections but also have a relatively modest effect on population wellbeing levels.
If You Could Just Go Ahead and Make Sure You Do That From Now On That Would Be Great
Authors: Johnson Gareth
Published: November 2024

In this introductory editorial, the Chief Editor looks briefly at changes in the field of academic publishing, alongside speculating on future developments for the journal. Notably the editorial contains an overview of all articles appearing in this issue, along with news about forthcoming issues and author contribution opportunities too. Following a series of acknowledgements, the editorial closes with a guide to the various ways in which readers can engage with the journal outside of the published volumes on social media.
Conceptions of Freedom in the Regulation of Junk Food and Tobacco
Authors: Knoth Daniel
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the regulatory disparities between the junk food and tobacco industries in the UK, focusing on the underlying conceptions of freedom that shape public policy. While both industries contribute significantly to public health challenges, tobacco is subject to far stricter regulations. Through an analysis of parliamentary debates within the House of Commons, the paper explores the application of positive and negative freedom in discussions of junk food and tobacco. I find that the presence of addiction in tobacco discourse is used to apply a positive conception of freedom, leading to more stringent regulations. Conversely, junk food discussions emphasise individual choice, aligning with a negative conception of freedom and resulting in softer regulatory approaches. This paper argues that these differing narratives on freedom contribute to the observed regulatory differences and suggests that emphasising the addictive nature of junk food could shift regulatory perspectives.
Por una cultura de la ética en la gestión de la información: un paso más en la ética profesional
Authors: Fernández-Fernández-Cuesta Paz
Published: November 2024

El texto plantea la necesidad de contar con la deontología profesional para fortalecer la identidad del colectivo de los gestores de información, repasa el estado de la cuestión en el ámbito español y propone profundizar en los principios y valores compartidos para la generación de una cultura de la ética en la gestión de la información con la que evaluar actividades y tomar decisiones virtuosas derivadas de la transformación digital y social.
ВИДІЛЕННЯ ПОРІД-КОЛЕКТОРІВ У ГЕОЛОГІЧНОМУ РОЗРІЗІ СТРИЙСЬКИХ ВІДКЛАДІВ ВЕРХНЬОМАСЛОВЕЦЬКОГО РОДОВИЩА
Authors: Коваль Я. М. , Федак І. О. , Федорів В. В. , Яремак Р. Т.
Published: November 2024

Для достовірного вирішення задачі з виділення порід-колекторів в геологічному розрізі свердловини потрібна велика кількість різноманітної інформації про них. Однак дослідження (наприклад, гідродинамічні, кернового матеріалу) та випробування свердловин  із тих чи інших причин проводять доволі рідко. В таких умовах доводиться покладатись тільки на геофізичну інформацію з дослідження розрізу свердловини. Ге-фізичні методи дослідження свердловин вирішують поставлену задачу доволі однозначно: в геологічних розрізах, що виповнені так званими «чистими кварцовими пісковиками». У випадку складної будови породи задачу з виділення колекторів у розрізі свердловини вирішити однозначно важко, що дуже часто призводить до пропуску продуктивних пластів. В роботі з метою виділення в геологічному розрізі свердловин стрийської світи Верхньомасловецького нафтового родовища піщаних різновидів (пісковик, пісковик глинистий, пісковик карбонатний, пісковик ущільнений, пісковик алевролітовий) автори запропонували використовувати параметр D, який характеризує частку дисперсної фракції, що припадає на загальний водневміст породи та чисельно дорівнює відношенню подвійного різницевого параметра за нейтронним гамма-каротажем, до подвійного різницевого параметра за гамма-каротажем. Породу відносять до піщаних різновидів за умови, що значення параметра D є рівним або більшим за 0,5. Для розділення піщаних різновидів на колектори (пісковики з Кп≥7 %) та неколектори (інші піщані різновиди з Кп<7 %) автори запропонували порівнювати значення параметра Dфакт, розрахованого за фактичними даними геофізичних досліджень свердловин, з еталонним значенням Dет, розрахованим за рівнянням залежності типу D=f(ΔIγ).
РОЗРАХУНКОВІ ВИТРАТИ ГАЗУ В ГАЗОРОЗПОДІЛЬНИХ МЕРЕЖАХ
Authors: Середюк М. Д. , Мотрук Н. В.
Published: November 2024

Метою роботи є удосконалення методу газодинамічного розрахунку газорозподільних мереж, що здій-снюють газопостачання побутових споживачів, при застосуванні математичної моделі рівномірного і без-перервного відбору газу. За результатами теоретичних досліджень з використанням узагальненої мате-матичної моделі Лейбензона одержано уточнену формулу для сталої по довжині розрахункової витрати газу, яка забезпечує втрати тиску, що мають місце за фактичної змінної по довжині витрати у газорозпо-дільних мережах низького, середнього та високого тисків. Знайдено аналітичні вирази для коефіцієнтів моделі Лейбензона у разі застосування формули Хофера для коефіцієнта гідравлічного опору при турбулен-тному режимі. Встановлено закономірності впливу режиму руху газу, що характеризується критерієм Рейнольдса, та співвідношення транзитної та шляхової витрат газу на ділянці газопроводу всіх категорій робочого тиску на ступінь уточнення розрахункової витрати газу при застосуванні уточненої формули замість спрощеної. Встановлено, що основним чинником, що впливає на розрахункову витрату, є величина співвідношення транзитної та шляхової витрати газу в газопроводі. Оцінено ступінь уточнення величини розрахункових витрат газу у разі застосування запропонованого методу при газодинамічних розрахунках газорозподільних мереж низького та середнього тиску. Встановлено, що максимальне уточнення розрахункової витрати газу до15 % відповідає тупиковим ділянкам газопроводу, для яких транзитна витрата газу дорівнює нулю. Для співвідношення транзитної та шляхової витрати,  більшого за одиницю,  різниця обчислень за спрощеною та уточненою формулами зменшується до (1-2) %.
Comparative Analysis of Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block with or without Buprenorphine Following Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Sundaram Subbulakshmi , Vidya  , Umarani  , Swaminathan Ashok
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims
Inguinal hernia is a commonly performed surgical procedure globally, which is often accompanied by significant post-operative pain that peaks on the day of the surgery. The transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) offers better postoperative pain relief for lower abdominal procedures. However, the duration of TAP block is restricted by the effects of given local anaesthetic drugs, necessitating the use of an adjuvant, such as buprenorphine, to improve the quality and duration of analgesia. Hence, we designed the present study to analyse the effect of a TAP block with buprenorphine on the relief of pain after inguinal hernia repair surgery.
Methods
A prospective, randomized, double-blinded study was conducted on fifty American Society of Anaesthesiologists  Physical Status I and II patients posted for elective unilateral inguinal hernia repair under spinal anaesthesia. At the end of the surgery, group B patients received 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine and group BB patients received 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine along with 300 mg of buprenorphine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block.  The duration of analgesia, postoperative analgesic consumption and pain scores at rest and during  sitting up to 24 h were recorded.
Results
Patients who received perineural buprenorphine experienced prolonged duration of analgesia (870.32 ± 27.86 vs. 385.64 ± 27.86 minutes), lower tramadol consumption (135.08 ± 23.05 vs. 246.72 ± 38.8 mg), and decreased pain scores both at rest and during sitting for up to 24 hours post-surgery.
Conclusion
The present study shows that the addition of buprenorphine to bupivacaine in TAP block after inguinal hernia repair produces superior postoperative analgesia compared with the control group without any significant side effects.
Практика архиерейских перемещений (метафетон) в Элладской Церкви. Часть I: 1833–1923 гг.
Authors: Софроний Вишняк
Published: November 2024

В исследовании рассмотрен вопрос о принципе перемещаемости (метафетоне) архиереев в Элладской Православной Церкви (ЭПЦ) в его историческом развитии. В 1-й части делаются общие замечания касательно терминологии епископских перемещений. Для обретения чётких экклезиологических оснований кратко рассмотрена каноническая и нравственная сторона вопроса. Предыстория вопроса включает в себя проблему метафетона в древней и византийской Церкви, а также в Константинопольском Патриархате, к которому относились епархии будущей ЭПЦ, в годы туркократии. Показано, что ЭПЦ подошла к своей независимости с тяжёлым наследством, которое, однако, ей во многом удавалось преодолевать. В начальный период существования ЭПЦ в связи с неустройством церковных дел совершались множественные перемещения, которые носили подчёркнуто временный характер. Наблюдается скрытая борьба между протестантски мыслящим правительством и епископатом, стремившимся к более канонической организации Церкви. С устроением церковных дел и принятием устава 1852 г., формально разрешавшего перемещения, в ЭПЦ в течение 80 лет перемещений практически не было.

In this article, the A. studies the issue of the principle of translation (metatheton) of bishops in the Church of Greece (CG) in its historical development. In the first part, the A. makes general remarks regarding the terminology of translation of bishop. For acquiring clear ecclesiological grounds, the A. examines the canonical and moral side of metatheton. The prehistory of the issue includes the question of the metatheton in the Ancient and Byzantine Church, as well as in the Patriarchate of Constantinople, to which the dioceses of the future CG belonged, during the years of Turkocracy. CG approached its independence with a difficult inheritance, which, however, it managed to overcome to a large extent. In the early period of the CG, due to the unsettled state of church affairs, there were multiple translations, which were emphatically temporary in nature. There was an underlying struggle between the Protestant-minded Government and the Episcopate, which sought a more canonical organization of the Church. With the settlement of church affairs and the adoption of the 1852 statute, which formally authorized translations, there were virtually no transfers in the CG for 80 years.
Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Dicyanoargentate Complexes with Ethylenediamine and 4,4´-Bipyridyl Ligands
Authors: Pashnin D. R. , Shevchenko D. P. , Sharutin V. V. , Sharutina O. K.
Published: November 2024

The reactions of an aqueous solution of potassium dicyanoargentate with a mixture of nickel(II) or copper(II) chloride and ethylenediamine or 4,4´-bipyridyl in ethanol afford coordination polymers [Ni(En)2(Ag(CN)2)][Ag(CN)2] (I), [Cu(En)2(Ag(CN)2)][Ag(CN)2] (II), and [Cu(4,4´-Bipy)2(Ag(CN)2)2] (III) characterized by XRD (CIF files CCDC nos. 2225984 (I), 2214320 (II), and 2229270 (III)) and IR spectroscopy. According to the XRD data, the crystals of complexes I and II are formed by 1D chains {··NC– Ag–CN–M(En)2··}n (M = Ni (I), Cu (II)) linked with each other by the dicyanoargentate anions via argentophilic contacts (Ag···Ag 3.288(8) Å (I), 3.1616(14) Å (II)). The crystal of compound III consists of independent interpenetrating 3D networks built of polymer layers {Cu[Ag(CN)2]2}n bound to each other by the 4,4´-bipyridyl molecules. The bipyridyl linkers connect the Cu centers with the Ag centers of the [Ag(CN)2]– anions thus providing the tridentate coordination of the silver atoms. No Ag···Ag interactions are observed in the crystal of complex III.
Lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis: key features of molecular mechanisms of concomitant disease
Authors: Agafonov G. M. , Kudriashov G. G. , Krylova U. S. , Zubareva T. S. , Kvetnoy I. M. , Yablonskiy P. K.
Published: November 2024

Lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis have long been significant problems for global health, occupying leading positions in terms of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. Numerous clinical and experimental studies have allowed to get knowledge of the mechanisms of development of these pathological processes individually, the impact of diseases on the macroorganism, and various options of treatment. According to population studies, the interaction between these two processes is undeniable – both active tuberculosis and post-tuberculosis changes are equally risk factors for the development of neoplastic processes, and malignant tumors create favorable conditions and predispositions for the development of mycobacterial infection. However, the mechanisms of interaction between these two diseases in concomitant cases remain opened and insufficiently studied. This literature review provides a detailed description of the variants of lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis combinations, the pathophysiological basis of the interaction between infectious and neoplastic processes: modulation of the immune response by M. tuberculosis and lung tumor; oncogenic signaling pathways activated by tuberculosis infection; mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in post-tuberculosis scar changes and its role in the formation of so-called "scarcinoma"; the relationship between tumor-mediated and tuberculosis-associated immunosuppression; the role of the PD-1: PD-L signaling pathway, and the influence of modern types of anti-tumor immunotherapy on the course of these pathological processes. The final part of the review presents our own data from experimental studies on the combination of cancer and tuberculosis in a laboratory model, identifying promising directions for further research on this issue.
Ice drilling on Princess Elizabeth Land (East Antarctica) aimed to study bedrock and Late Quaternary paleoclimate
Authors: Leitchenkov G. L. , Talalay P. G. , Zhang N. , Abdrachmanov I. A. , Vorobyov M. A. , Gong D. , Liu Y. , Li Y. , Sun Y. , Lavrentiev I. I. , Ekaykin A. A. , Khalimov D. R. , Li B. , Lipenkov V. Y.
Published: November 2024

Targeted bedrock sampling was carried out on Princess Elizabeth Land (30 km south of the coast, at 69.585591° S; 76.385165° E) by drilling through 545 m thick ice. The borehole was drilled using a new, modified version of the cable-suspended Ice and Bedrock Electromechanical Drill (IBED) designed by the Jilin University (China) and under a joint scientific project between VNIIOkeangeologia, Jilin University and China University of Geosciences (Beijing). The drill site is located on the axis of a high-amplitude linear magnetic anomaly that runs parallel to the coast for more than 500 km from Princess Elizabeth Land to Mac. Robertson Land. In the next Antarctic season, borehole geophysical logging will be conducted including temperature measurements for geothermal heat flux calculations.
Soybean cultivation in Russia under modern conditions
Authors: Sinegovsky M. O.
Published: November 2024

The article presents an analysis of the current state of soybean production in the Russian Federation. It is shown that the production of this valuable high-protein oilseed crop over the previous years has made a huge breakthrough in conquering the market and increasing its share in the country’s total agricultural production. In Russia, in 2023, a record was set for the gross soybean production in history, with a total grain of 6.8 million tons. At the same time, the production leader also changed: from the traditional Far East, where soybeans have been cultivated for more than 100 years, to the Central Federal District, which has achieved the largest gross soybean yields in the country – about 3.0 million tons. Production growth is realized not only through extensive development paths, but also through increasing crop productivity. In 2023, the average yield in the country was 1.92 t/ha, which is also a historical maximum. It should be noted that in increasing productivity, the direction has been taken, according to the Food Security Doctrine, to increase to 75% the share of seeds of domestic varieties in the total volume by 2030, and for this there are all the necessary resources.
Use of zoohumus extracts in soybean cultivation under regulated agroecosystem conditions
Authors: Loskutov S. I. , Pukhalsky Ya. V. , Osipov A. I. , Khomyakov Yu. V. , Kosulnikov Yu. V. , Laktionov Yu. V.
Published: November 2024

A model experiment was conducted in the laboratory conditions of the climate chamber to study the effect of liquid extract of black soldier fly zoohumus prepared in different ways on the growth rates and germination of seeds of the early ripening soybean variety EN Argenta. The zoohumus suspension was used in all variants at a dose of 0.2% (2000 ppm). As an additional background, a complex fertilizer containing the necessary plant nutrients in the form of various mineral salts was added. Analysis of the experimental data showed that the highest percentage of plant germination was recorded in the variant with the introduced aqueous suspension of zoohumus without centrifugation and without sterilization, and amounted to 94%. Against the background of pure organic matter, an increase in shoot biomass by an average of 22% was recorded. However, here the variant with sterilization, but without centrifugation of the zoohumus suspension, stood out. Against the background of the organomineral environment, the weight and height of the plants were higher, but stagnation in growth was noted, probably due to oversaturation in the feeding regime and the formation of chelate complexes of prolonged absorption. Thus, an aqueous suspension of zoohumus obtained by sterilization without additional centrifugation is the best way to prepare samples of raw materials for further use in sterile experiments. Centrifugation reduces the amount of enzymes and nutritional compounds, which negatively affects the quality of the suspension, and additional sterilization releases an additional amount of low-molecular compounds into the environment, which can feed microorganisms.
Influence of a new saponite-containing feed additive on the productive qualities of broiler chickens
Authors: Slozhenkina M. I. , Kalinina N. V. , Abramov S. V. , Balyshev A. V. , Struk E. A. , Gorlov I. F.
Published: November 2024

The article presents the results of the study on the introduction of a saponite-containing mineral feed additive of natural origin into the diet of ROSS-308 broiler chickens in the amount of 1, 3 and 5 kg per ton of feed. An increase in the average daily gain by 3.7; 4.3 and 4.4 g, respectively, and in the absolute gain by 154.7; 174.9 and 181.3 g in the period from 1 to 42 days of age was found. At the time of slaughter, the live weight of chickens in the 1st and 2nd experimental groups significantly exceeded the control: by 174.6 (6.3%; P ≤ 0.001) and 154.6 g (5.6%; P ≤ 0.001). The survival rate of the experimental group chickens was 6.7% higher. In the blood of chickens from experimental groups 1–3, compared with the control analogs, an increase in total protein by 1.5; 2.2 and 2.1 g/l, calcium by 0.28; 0.21 and 0.29 mmol/l, phosphorus by 0.3; 0.43 and 0.42 mmol/l was recorded. A conclusion was made about an increase in the economic and biological indicators of broiler chickens when adding a saponite-containing mineral supplement to the diet, due to the enrichment of the compound feed with minerals and the high sorption capacity of the above-mentioned supplement, while the best effect was achieved when including it in the feed in the amount of 3 kg per ton.
Selection of farm guinea fowls for compatibility
Authors: Zabiyakin V. A. , Zamyatin S. A.
Published: November 2024

As a result of many years of work by us, in the peasant farm K.A. Zhdanov (Voronezh region, Ramonsky district, Novopodkletnoye village) on the basis of guinea fowl of the Volga white breed, the paternal (VBA-1) and maternal (VB-4) lines of guinea fowl were preserved and evaluated. The yield of guinea fowl from one hen over 64 weeks of life is 74–77 heads. Anatomical cutting of poultry and calculation of body indexes of females and males of the VBA-1 and VB-4 lines and interline hybrids showed the superiority of the latter over the parent forms, in terms of the massiveness index by 2.89–6.9%, keel development and high-legged index by 0. 58-0.35%. According to the broad-body index, birds of the VBA-1 and VBA-2 lines were superior to hybrid guinea fowl by 0.2–2.22%. In terms of keel development, hybrids of the VBA-12 line exceeded the parent lines by 0.98–5.0%, which indicates their greater compactness, massiveness and muscularity (formation of the pectoral muscles in width). The results of anatomical cutting of carcasses indicate higher meat qualities of hybrid poultry, since the yield of edible parts of hybrids was 0.04% higher.
The state of the Russian agricultural machinery market under sanction pressure conditions
Authors: Iovlev G. A. , Popova T. B. , Goldina I. I. , Nesgovorov A. G.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to assessing the development of the Russian market of agricultural machinery (AHT) over the past 10 years. An analysis of the production of the main types of agricultural products, market dynamics, changes in market structure, volumes of purchases by agricultural producers, and the presence of agricultural products in Russian agriculture are presented. For a comparative analysis of the agricultural tractors being sold, their main technical and economic indicators are presented. Calculations were made of the main operational properties (performance, fuel consumption) of tractors of similar traction classes of the Belarus family and Chinese-made tractors presented on the Russian market. Based on correlation analysis, the relationship and direction of indicators were verified: renewal rates, retirement rates and the availability of a fleet of agricultural machinery; acquisition of agricultural equipment and renewal and disposal rates; acquisition of agricultural equipment and availability of agricultural machinery in agricultural organizations. Quite a strong relationship between the indicators: “purchase of agricultural products” and “availability in agricultural organizations” (correlation coefficient r = 0.676 — 0.99), a significant relationship between the indicators: “retirement rate” and “availability of combine harvesters” (correlation coefficient r = from — 0.588 to -0.664), “purchase of tractors” and “disposal coefficient” — r = –0.445, there is practically no relationship between the indicators: “purchase of tractors” and “availability of tractors” — r = –0.06, “renewal coefficient” and “availability grain harvesters” — r = -0.183, “purchase of forage harvesters” and “disposal rate” — r = –0.187. When analyzing the performance properties determined in this study, it was revealed that Chinese tractors presented on the agricultural machinery market will provide significant competition to tractors of the Belarus family.
СТРУКТУРНІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ ТА КОНЦЕПЦІЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ: ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗОК ТА ВЗАЄМОДІЯ
Authors: СТАРОДУБЦЕВА Любов
Published: November 2024

Основним критерієм визначення етапу економічного розвитку суспільства є структура економіки. В процесі дослідження було визначено, що із загальнонаукової точки зору структура має риси стійкого, внутрішньо збалансованого об’єкту, якому притаманні причинно-наслідкові зв’язки, що поєднують частини об’єкту у структурну і функціональну цілісність; внутрішні механізми; інтегральна спрямованість системи. З позиції економічної науки під структурою економіки розуміють співвідношення елементів економічної системи, що відображають пропорції національної економіки і стан суспільного поділу праці. Структурні зміни, обумовлені промисловою і науково-технічними революціями, знаменували перехід від доіндустріального до індустріального і згодом до постіндустріального етапу розвитку суспільства. Але науково-технічний прогрес, здійснюючи позитивний вплив на розвиток виробництва, підвищення доходів і рівня життя суспільства, одночасно мав негативний вплив на екологію. Усвідомлення екологічних загроз та четверта науково-технологічна революція сприяли формуванню нової культурної матриці – матриці постіндустріальної цивілізації. Відбувається поступова зміна ціннісної орієнтації суспільства, формуванням концепції сталого розвитку. Нами було досліджено наявність взаємозв’язку між структурними змінами економіки, які передували формуванню і поширенню концепції сталого розвитку у постіндустріальному суспільстві. Для визначення такого взаємозв’язку було досліджено теоретичні та практичні доробки як закордонних, так і вітчизняних вчених. Досліджено причини формування концепції сталого розвитку, та визначено роль для теорії та практики суспільного розвитку, основу якого становлять структурні зрушення економіки. Здійснено аналіз та систематизація етапів формування та імплементації стратегії сталого розвитку, її принципів та інструментів для досягнення поставлених цілей.
Measurement and Prediction of Transit System Performance Using Probe Data Generated through DSRC and non-DSRC Technologies
Authors: Newmark Gregory L.
Published: November 2024

This research explores the application of two different probe data standards to transit performance measurement. The first section chronicles the proposed and implemented transit uses of dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) technologies during the two decades between the standard’s emergence and its announced sunset. The research finds that, despite proposed applications across safety, operation, and information domains, DSRC never became embedded in transit operations. By contrast, the general transit feed specification (GTFS) standard with its real-time (RT) extension has been widely embraced and offers the potential to use the associated VehiclePosition messages as probe data to generate detailed transit performance metrics. The second section presents a method to decompose transit routes into segments (defined as the path between subsequent stops) and to impute three key time points for each segment: arrival time at the segment start, departure time from the segment start, and arrival time at the segment end. This method is applied to several days of GTFS-RT data from the Modesto Area Express to assess the accuracy of the imputation (in comparison to reported times from the TripUpdate messages) and, in the third and final section, to generate and visualize a series of performance metrics. These metrics assess the deviation between the designed travel times from the GTFS Schedule data and the actual travel times imputed from the GTFS-RT feeds. The research demonstrates an innovative approach to transform probe data generated by GTFS-RT feeds into valuable measures of transit performance at segment-level granularity. The research emphasizes the importance of segment-level transit performance measurement while recognizing that the methods used to impute segment time points are likely to change over time as the GTFS-RT standard evolves.
Effectiveness of E-Court-Based Services in Resolving Civil Cases at the Sukadana District Court
Authors: Iqbal Juliansyah  , Imam Mustofa  , Moelki Fahmi Ardliansyah
Published: November 2024

This study examines the implementation of the effectiveness of E-Court-based services at the Sukadana District Court in an effort to resolve various civil issues. E-Court as an innovation of information technology in the judicial system aims to accelerate, simplify, and increase the transparency of the judicial process. This service includes electronic registration of lawsuits, payment of court fees, submission of documents, implementation of trials to delivery of decisions digitally. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of E-Court-based services in resolving civil issues at the Sukadana District Court. The research method used is qualitative using an empirical legal approach involving data collection through in-depth interviews and document analysis, using triangulation techniques to determine interview sources including the chief justice, deputy chief justice, clerk, judges, staff, advocates and the public in litigation. Evaluation of the success of E-Court at the Sukadana District Court shows several determining factors for success, such as reliable technological infrastructure, commitment to implementing regulations and positive acceptance from service users. This study found that the implementation of E-Court was able to reduce bureaucracy, accelerate the judicial process and provide wider and more transparent access for the parties to the case. However, challenges such as technological infrastructure and human resource readiness still need to be overcome to achieve optimal implementation. Overall, E-Court has the potential to be an effective solution in resolving civil issues at the Sukadana District Court, as well as a step forward in modernizing the justice system in Indonesia. This study also revealed that E-Court has positive implications, such as increasing the effectiveness of case resolution, saving time and costs, and increasing transparency and integrity of the justice system.
Features of the change in the thermal coefficient of electrical resistance upon heating electrically conductive composites of crystallizable polyolefins with carbon black
Authors: Markov A. V. , Zverev A. E. , Markov V. A.
Published: November 2024

Objectives. To investigate electrically conductive polymer composite materials (EPCMs) based on crystallizable polyolefins and electrically conductive carbon black for the production of self-regulating heaters; to study the mechanism of the occurrence of positive and negative temperature coefficients (PTC and NTC) upon heating such composites.Methods. A comprehensive study of the structure and properties of crystallizable EPCMs with electrically conductive technical carbon was carried out. In order to measure the electrical characteristics of the composites, they were compacted into plates to model polymer heaters. Contact electrodes made of an ungreased brass mesh were embedded in their ends. The temperature dependencies of the electrical characteristics of the samples were investigated in a modified thermal chamber of an FWV 633.10 Vicat softening temperature meter. The change in the degree of crystallinity was analyzed by means of differential scanning calorimetry with a NETZSCH DSC 204 F1 Phoenix calorimeter. The dilatometric and rheological characteristics of the samples were studied using an IIRT-AM melt flow index tester.Results. It was determined that the self-regulation ability (an abnormally high positive thermal coefficient of electrical resistance) of selfregulating heaters made of composites of crystallizable polyolefins with electrically conductive technical carbon cannot be explained by the thermal expansion of EPCMs alone. It was shown that in crystallizable polyolefin-based EPCMs, the inversion of the thermal coefficients of electrical resistance (transition from PTC to NTC) is associated with a change in the aggregate state of EPCMs and the beginning of its transition to a viscous-flow state. A mechanism involving a sharp increase in the electrical resistance of self-regulating crystallizable polyolefin-based composite with electrically conductive technical carbon was proposed and substantiated. This mechanism takes into account the additional shear deformation effect produced on the crystalline phase of the EPCM by numerous expanding melt microvolumes formed at the early stages of the melting process with a minimum change in the degree of crystallinity.
Optical and surface properties of Schiff base ligands and Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes
Authors: Rashad Alaa Adnan , Najeeb Dina A. , Mahmoud Shaymaa M. , Akram Evon , Zainulabdeen Khalid , Dulaim Salam , Yusop Rahimi M.
Published: November 2024

Objectives. To study the transition of electrons in 1,2-phenyl(4’-carboxy)benzylidene Schiff base ligand and transition metal ions, optical properties, as well as the surface chemistry of supported transition metals using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS); to study the roughness and morphology of the Schiff base ligand and its complexes using atomic force microscopy (AFM).Methods. DRS, AFM, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy instruments were used to identify electron transitions, optical properties, and surface morphology in Schiff base ligands and their complexes.Results. The DRS revealed the d–d transitions and charge transfer shifts of all compounds, and helped identify the structure of the ligand. One of the optical properties studied was the energy gap calculation of the ligand and its complexes. The copper complex exhibited more semiconducting behavior with surface morphology properties such as surface roughness parameters lower than those of the ligand and the cobalt complex. This can be attributed to the smaller size of the copper atom, as well as lower electron transitions compared to the cobalt complex and the square planar bonding shape.Conclusions. In Schiff base ligands, the reflectance spectrum bands reveal three electron transitions: n→π*, π→π*, and σ→σ* transitions. In cobalt complexes, four transitions are indicated: 4A2(F)→4T1(F), 4A2(F)→4T1(P), charge transfer bands, and tetrahedral geometry. Copper complexes exhibit three transitions: 2B1g→2A1g, 2B1g→2Eg, and charge transfer bands, with a square planar geometry for their structure. The energy gap calculations were 2.42, 2.29, and 2.30 eV, respectively. In the case of the SH ligands, copper complexes, and cobalt complexes, all compounds exhibited semiconductor properties. However, the complexes displayed increased conductivity due to the influence of the metal and coordination structure.
Decay Characteristics of Neutron Excess Chromium Nuclei
Authors: Bevelacqua Joseph
Published: November 2024

A single-particle model is employed to calculate the properties of neutron excess chromium nuclei. The model predicts that A = 57 – 78 neutron excess chromium systems are bound and have half-lives in the range of 0.287 – 7.27 ms. The Japanese Nuclear Data Compilation predicts half-life values that are about a factor of four larger than the model proposed in this paper. Alpha, beta, positron, electron capture, and spontaneous fission decay modes are included in the model. However, neutron emission decay modes that have short half-lives are not evaluated. These short-lived neutron emission modes suggest that the model results could overestimate the half-lives of neutron excess chromium nuclei.
Jak to všechno začalo
Authors: Rurikov Dmitrij
Published: November 2024

Dmitrij Rurikov, zahraničně-politický poradce prezidenta B. Jelcina, Moskva.