bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Law applicable to Distribution Contracts and Contracts of Sale – Relationship between Framework Agreement and Application Contracts
Authors: Wójtowicz Ewa
Published: July 2018

Distribution networks are widely used in the international trade as a tool for bringing another party’s products on to the market. However, in international business relations it may be difficult to establish the governing law for distribution agreements and contracts of sale. This article analyses the rules for determining the law applicable to distribution agreements and determines the impact of these rules and the law applicable to a distribution agreement on the applicable law for the sales contracts formed under the agreement. The thesis of the article is that the specific nature of distribution agreements manifesting itself in a bond between distributorship (as a framework agreement) and contracts of sale (as the application contracts) has implications for the determination of the applicable law for the sales contracts.
Wenarration in Chang-rae Lee’sOn such a full seaand Julie Otsuka’sThe Buddha in the attic: “Unnaturally” Asian American?
Authors: Munos Delphine
Published: July 2018

This essay looks at two recent Asian American texts written in the first-person plural – namely Julie Otsuka’sThe Buddha in the attic(2011) and Chang-rae Lee’sOn such a full sea(2014). Its main goal is to show that the ambiguities and tensions here generated bywenarration prove particularly apt when it comes to calling into question essentialist views concerning the anatomy of community-building. But my contention is that these twowetexts are particularly interesting at a theoretical level, too, in that they help us challenge the orthodoxies of traditional narrative theory – among which Gérard Genette’s all-too-rigid distinction between the homo- and heterodiegetic levels in a text, or the generalized assumption, which has been notably challenged by Mieke Bal, that every act of story-telling is necessarily indebted to ‘a’ narrator, and a narrator of anthropomorphic standards at that.
Re-imagining first-person narrative as a collective voice in John Edgar Wideman’sSent for you yesterday
Authors: Beaulieu Steve
Published: July 2018

This article considers the “narrating-I” in African American fiction, reexamining its significance for narratological and sociopolitical theorizations of literature. First-person narratives can normally be understood as autodiegetic, in which the narrators present their experiences from their own perspectives at the expense of access to the viewpoints of other characters. However, African American narratives sometimes present their readers with first-person narrators who are seemingly more omniscient. Able to slip across the boundaries that demarcate their experience from that of others, these narrators can adopt the subject positions of other characters, shifting narrative focalization in ways that would normatively be impossible. Unlike “we” narratives that rely on the first-person plural to evoke collective storytelling, these works pluralize an otherwise singular narrator into a different sort of collective multiplicity. This paper argues that this plurality and multiplicity problematize the limitations of first-person narration, and in so doing resonate with issues surrounding the sociopolitical imagining of community. Through an investigation into the innovative narrative structures of John Edgar Wideman’sSent for you yesterday, this paper thus hopes to contribute to ongoing conversations in narrative studies by reassessing its standard narrative frameworks, as well as argue for the applicability of narratology to contemporary sociopolitical thought.
The world that wasn’t there: Interstitial ontological spaces in contemporary video games
Authors: Edrei Shawn
Published: July 2018

This paper will examine three contemporary video games – Undertale, The magic circle and Pony Island – with an eye towards delineating the ways in which their unique storyworlds and ontological structures align with recent trends in unnatural narratology. Specifically, these games contain interstitial diegetic spaces, and empower the player to move through ‘cracks’ in the façade of the fictional world by acting as a metaphorical programmer, manipulating game files and other extradiegetic components. The metaleptic processes enabled by these actions expose aspects of the respective storyworlds which have been deliberately concealed. Consequently, the games in question literalize existing theories regarding our projection and cognitive exploration of fictional worlds, as they are singular in their capacity for experimentation and transgression of established ontological frameworks.
Reduced endogenous pain inhibition in adolescent girls with chronic pain
Authors: Chrétien Raphaëlle , Lavoie Sarah , Chalaye Philippe , de Vette Emmanuelle , Counil François-Pierre , Dallaire Frédéric , Lafrenaye Sylvie
Published: July 2018

Background and aims

Chronic pain is affecting a growing number of individuals including adolescents. Different endogenous pain inhibitory systems could confer protection against development of chronic pain. Decreased pain perception can be observed following intense pain (i.e. conditioned pain modulation – CPM) or after physical exercise (i.e. exercise-induced analgesia – EIA). Reduced effectiveness of pain inhibitory mechanisms have been reported in several chronic pain conditions. However, the extent of these dysfunctions has not been thoroughly investigated in adolescents suffering from chronic pain. Our hypothesis was that adolescents suffering from chronic pain have less effective CPM and EIA than pain-free teenagers.

Methods

Twenty-five healthy adolescent girls and 16 teenage girls with chronic pain participated in this study. Only girls were included in this investigation, since chronic pain is more prevalent in females. The effectiveness of CPM was assessed by comparing heat pain stimulations (individually adapted to induce mild pain intensity) performed with a thermode before and after a cold pressor test (CPT; 2 min, 10 °C). EIA was evaluated by comparing pain intensity produced by an ice cube placed on the forearm before and after a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer.

Results

Pain intensity produced by heat pain stimulations decreased following CPT in healthy (p<0.05), but not in chronic pain adolescent girls (p=0.4). Pain intensity induced by the ice cube was reduced after exercise in healthy (p<0.05), but not in chronic pain adolescents (p=0.9). The effectiveness of CPM and EIA was inferior in teenage girls suffering from chronic pain compared to healthy participants (p<0.05).

Conclusions

Endogenous pain inhibitory mechanisms triggered by intense pain or by physical exercise are effective in healthy adolescent girls. Teenage girls living with chronic pain do not show diminished pain perception after a CPT or a graded exercise test. These results suggest that pain inhibitory mechanisms such as CPM and EIA are ineffective in adolescent girls suffering from chronic pain.

Implications

In a wider context, the findings of the present research could help understand better the mechanisms involved in the development of chronic pain. Improved comprehension of this subject might help prevent chronic pain conditions and thus, reduce the negative impacts of this burden.
Sexual steroid hormone receptors profiles of ovarian carcinoma in Mexican women
Authors: Gómora María J , Morales-Vásquez Flavia , Pedernera Enrique , Perez-Montiel Delia , López-Basave Horacio , Villa Antonio R , Hernández-Martínez Azucena , Mena Esteban , Mendez Carmen
Published: July 2018

The significance of the presence of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor alpha (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in ovarian cancer patient survival has been a matter of numerous studies. This study was aimed to describe the expression profile of the three sexual steroid receptors in high-grade serous, endometrioid, mucinous and low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma and its association to the proliferation index in patients with primary ovarian carcinoma diagnosis, before any treatment. Eighty-one samples were obtained from the National Institute of Cancerology in Mexico City and were evaluated for the presence of AR, ER, PR and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry. The four subtypes of ovarian carcinoma displays a specific profile of the eight possible combinations of the steroid receptors with significant differences within the profile and the histological subtypes. High-grade serous carcinoma was characterized by a high frequency of both, triple-negative and AR+ ER− PR+ profiles. Endometrioid carcinoma presented a higher frequency of triple-positive profile. The presence of only AR+ profile was not observed in the endometrioid tumors. The relationship of the receptor profile with the proliferation index in the tumor epithelium shows that the expression of only ER is associated to a reduced proliferation index in endometrioid carcinoma. Steroid hormone receptor expression and co-expression could help characterize ovarian carcinoma.
Percepción de una Formación Académica enfocada a la Investigación Científica constante en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Authors: Pino Romero Neisser , Flores Barrenechea Brisaida Isabel
Published: July 2018

En presente artículo de investigación intenta recolectar la percepción que se tiene de la investigación científica en la formación académica de los estudiantes universitarios, la cual es la puerta hacia la investigación científica continua que se debe realizar para buscar una innovación de conocimientos y métodos científicos, técnicas y perspectivas que relacionen la ciencia y la sociedad. La investigación científica reflejada en artículos científicos desde la formación de pregrado, y con más énfasis en la formación de posgrado deben ser el sustento académico para el desarrollo del país. Por lo cual, cuán importante es la investigación científica que se debe realizar para lograr una mejor educación en la sociedad. Códigos JEL: I21.
El Efecto “Pricebo”: Cómo los precios pueden influenciar la percepción sobre la calidad del cannabis y sus implicaciones en las políticas de precios
Authors: Carrasco Villanueva Marco Alberto
Published: July 2018

El término “efecto pricebo” es utilizado en el presente estudio para referirse a la forma en que los precios de un bien pueden moldear la percepción de un consumidor respecto a su calidad. Viene de un juego de palabras entre las palabras “price”, precio, y “placebo”, en inglés. El efecto puede comenzar desde el momento en que un precio modifica las expectativas respecto a un producto, forma la calidad percibida de este, y finalmente afecta su demanda. Este estudio ha analizado la existencia del efecto “pricebo” en el caso del cannabis—un producto que tiene una interesante ventaja frente otros a productos analizados en estudios previos. Aunque no fue identificado un efecto significativo para el cannabis herbal (comúnmente conocido como hierba o marihuana) los análisis identificaron un efecto “pricebo” significativo y estable en la resina de cannabis—comúnmente conocida como hachís. Los resultados son discutidos tomando en consideración las diferencias en el tamaño de las muestras de cada tipo, así como la literatura existente respecto al efecto placebo y el rol de los precios en respecto a la percepción. Como los resultados demuestran la posibilidad de un efecto “pricebo” en ciertos contextos, sus implicaciones en la política de precios sondiscutidas también—ya que los consumidores, a cierto nivel, podrían ser susceptibles a ser engañados por compañías. JEL: D03, E21, E64, L65, L15.
Emoción y razón: El efecto moderador del género en el comportamiento de compra online
Authors: Peña-García Nathalie , Gil-Saura Irene , Rodríguez-Orejuela Augusto
Published: July 2018

A pesar de la evidencia existente en torno a las diferencias entre mujeres y hombres en los procesos de toma de decisiones, así como en la adopción de la tecnología, la investigación llevada a cabo hasta la fecha no ha sido concluyente. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las intenciones comportamentales de los consumidores según su género en los intercambios comerciales B2C. En este sentido, se propone identificar cómo el valor funcional —representando el raciocinio del consumidor—, el valor simbólico —representando la motivación emocional— y la confianza actúan como antecedentes de la intención de compra en el canal online. A partir de los resultados derivados de una investigación empírica sobre 262 consumidores online colombianos, y mediante un cuestionario estructurado para la evaluación de las variables objeto de estudio, se obtiene apoyo a la existencia de diferencias en la formación de las intenciones de los consumidores según su género. Los resultados indican que el valor simbólico tiene un efecto significativo en la intención de compra en las mujeres, mientras que en el colectivo de hombres el valor funcional y la confianza tienen mayor efecto en la intención de compra. Estos resultados contribuyen a aumentar el conocimiento acerca del papel moderador del género en las intenciones comportamentales de los consumidores en los intercambios comerciales b2c en el contexto online en una economía emergente, permitiendo a las empresas comprender mejor cómo dirigir sus esfuerzos en términos de marketing. El trabajo supone una contribución en la literatura del valor percibido, la confianza y la intención comportamental para la adopción del comercio electrónico. Las implicaciones para la gestión son discutidas en el documento.
Using the visual arts to teach clinical excellence
Authors: Gelgoot Eden , Caufield-Noll Christine , Chisolm Margaret
Published: July 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: The authors conducted a review of the literature to identify curricula that incorporate the visual arts into undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education to facilitate the teaching of clinical excellence. Methods: The authors searched the PubMed and ERIC electronic databases in May 2017, using search terms such as "paintings," "visual arts," and "medical education," along with terms corresponding to previously defined domains of clinical excellence. Search results were reviewed to select articles published in the highest impact general medicine and medical education journals describing the use of visual arts to teach clinical excellence to all levels of medical trainees and practicing physicians. Results: Fifteen articles met inclusion criteria. Each article addressed at least one of the following clinical excellence domains: communication and interpersonal skills, humanism and professionalism, diagnostic acumen, and knowledge. No articles described the use of the visual arts to teach the skillful negotiation of the health care system, a scholarly approach to clinical practice, or a passion for patient care. Conclusions: This review supports the use of visual arts in medical education to facilitate the teaching of clinical excellence. However, research designed specifically to evaluate the impact of the visual arts on clinical excellence outcomes is needed.
On-Premise Signs and the North American Suburban Enclosed Shopping Mall
Authors: Jourdan Dawn , Berger Craig
Published: July 2018

The first fully enclosed modern suburban shopping mall, Southdale Center, opened in 1956 and immediately established a standard for how retailers and signs were to operate within their confines. Enclosed Malls were one of the first unique building types designed for suburban automotive environments and have been the retail economic drive in the United States for seventy years. They established a variety of sign innovations over the years, from developing strict sign guidelines, to creating formal zones with shared modular systems. This report summary will explore the sign advances that marked each of the five stages of mall evolution as well as how the current changes with a new retail revolution is impacting design and development. The report will also show how precedents established early in the history of mall development has been continually reinvented with economic change and design trends.
Macro and micropolitics recontextualization of an integrated curriculum: experienced itinerary in nursing undergraduate
Authors: Franco Elaine Cristina Dias , Soares Amanda Nathale , Gazzinelli Maria Flávia
Published: July 2018

Abstract Aim: To analyze the process of recontextualization of an integrated curriculum of Nursing Undergraduate Program. Method: Qualitative research, of a single case study, developed through documentary analysis, systematic observation and a semi-structured interview with nine teachers. Analysis of data by Critical Discourse Analysis. Results: The process of recontextualizing an integrated curriculum in the contexts of the Policy Cycle reveals that, in the Context of Influence and Textual Production, the curriculum is the result of a bricolage of educational policies, health policies and experiences of other institutions. Conclusion: Fragilities related to the organization of the modular structure and the teacher's close approximation to the Textual Production Context of the curriculum, associated to the training experience, favor the recontextualization of the curricular proposal when it is translated into the Context of Practice. It is necessary to institute strategies that integrate teacher education into their daily lives in curricular policies.
Counseling and Spiritual Assistance to Chemotherapy Patients: A Reflection in the Light of Jean Watson's Theory
Authors: Mendonça Angelo Braga , Pereira Eliane Ramos , Barreto Bruna Maiara Ferreira , Silva Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade
Published: July 2018

Abstract Aim: To reflect on the use of spiritual interventions and methods of psychological, theological and psychotherapeutic counseling applicable to nursing. Method: Theoretical reflection article, used to identify approximations and distances of counseling methods and spiritual interventions with Jean Watson's Theory of Human Care. Results: The critical analysis of methods of psychological, theological and psychotherapeutic counseling indicates approximations with the Theory of Human Care, promoting the improvement of spiritual interventions directed to patients in chemotherapy. Conclusion: From Jean Watson's Theory emerged a creative, original and unique advice in nursing. Implications for practice: Understanding counseling methods and spiritual interventions are important tools for the practice of oncological nursing, as well as enhancing the resources available to integrate spirituality and health.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE LIVER AND SPLEEN IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF STORAGE DISEASES (literature review)
Authors: Solov’eva A. A. , Yatsyk G. A. , Dzhulakyan U. L. , Lukina E. A.
Published: July 2018

Storage diseases (thesaurismosis, storage reticuloses) are the complex and extensive group of diseases in which differential diagnosis of pathological changes from the internal organs is difficult. For diagnosis and dynamic observation of liver and spleen lesions, ultrasound and X-ray computed tomography are used among imaging techniques. Among the imaging techniques for diffuse liver diseases, ultrasonography and X-ray computed tomography are most commonly used for their diagnosis and follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the highest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing liver diseases.

The article considers the current MRI procedures that are used to diagnose storage diseases and to quantify found changes. For Gaucher disease, the potentials of such novel technique as magnetic resonance spectroscopy are described. Incorporation of MRI into the examination algorithm for patients with storage diseases will be able to improve the detection of these rare diseases and to monitor the efficiency of performed therapy.
DONOR CHIMERISM IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY AFTER ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Lavrinenko V. A. , Marejco Y. E. , Berezovskaya E. Y. , Stegantseva M. V. , Minakowskaja N. V. , Belevtsev M. V.
Published: July 2018

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is effective curative option for a broad range of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs). Hematopoietic chimerism monitoring in patients with various PIDs and its connection with the outcome of alloHSCT is of great interest. In this study 16 alloHSCT in patients with PIDs were included. Three-year overall survival was 72.2 ± 12.0 %. Full donor chimerism (FDC) was achieved in 13 (81.25 %) patients. Prolonged persistence of mixed chimerism (MC) was observed in 3 (18.75 %) patients. In patients with MC in the peripheral blood, circulating T-cells are completely or predominantly of donor origin, whereas granulocytes are predominantly or completely recipient cells, and chimerism in B-cells differs significantly from 0 % chimerism to FDC. In patients with PIDs, engraftment of individual cell lines (split chimerism) could be observed. In some patients chimerism decreased during the first year after alloHSCT with its subsequent stabilization. Increasing MC is not associated with transplant rejection in PIDs. FDC in patients with PIDs provides restoration of all cell lines participating in the immune response regardless of the diagnosis, but it is associated with more frequent development of «graft-versus-host» disease (GVHD), which is a serious complication of alloHSCT and can lead to treatment-related mortality (TRM). MC/split chimerism, in which the frequency of development of GVHD is less, can also provide the formation of a full immune response and correction of other disease manifestations, but only when replacing defective cell lines according to the diagnosis.
PUBLIC-POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE FAR EAST: CHINESE IN THE SOVIET CONSTRUCTION. 1920-1940th YEARS
Authors: BUGAI N. F.
Published: July 2018

In the 1990's – 2018 years. In the relations between the two states,  radical changes took place in various spheres of management,  culture and relations at the individual level of the population of  Russia and China. To a greater extent, these were positive links,  having common goals, complementing and enriching each other.  These contacts were formed historically between the Chinese and  the peoples in Russia - the USSR, since 1917, they have moved to a  new level. The Chinese acted in the ranks of those who supported  the councils, and those of the Chinese who lived on the territory of  the Soviet country became also true participants in the ongoing  socio-political processes, changes, as well as changes in the culture  of peoples, the Soviet, party and national-state construction. Of course, as in this case, there were both difficult periods in relations,  sometimes turning into an acute confrontational confrontation,  rather, at the interstate level, and light, which was more closely  connected with the relations of the Chinese, Russian and other peoples of China and Russia. The Chinese, especially the border  provinces, settled for permanent settlement in Russia, and  participated in the events that took place during the transformation.  Therefore, in order to study these processes, a deeper  understanding of their significance for the modern Russian- Chinese  world, it is important to know the history of different aspects of life,  the processes of formation of friendly relations between neighboring  states. Very valuable will be the appeal to the experience of the past, which could be both a positive and negative practice that took place  during the development of relations between the Chinese and the  local population of the Far East. What can be useful to get and use  from this experience, which could help bring peoples closer together, improve their situation, create acceptable living conditions, and  provide a basis for the security of states.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR UNEMPLOYED CITIZENS THROUGH THE PROMOTION OF THEIR SELF-EMPLOYMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF IRKUTSK)
Authors: ZIMINA E. V.
Published: July 2018

The article describes the types and basic concepts of self- employment as a factor in reducing unemployment. Self- employment is studied as a Central element of the strategy of  development of active employment policy in Irkutsk. The factors of  formation and development of the process of self-employment in  Irkutsk are analyzed. The main characteristic of the program and  mechanisms of financing of actions for assistance of self- employment to unemployed citizens in Irkutsk is given. The analysis  of the efficiency of selfemployment programs based on the social  and statistical analysis. The statistical data reflecting the General level of unemployment, the coefficient of tension in the labor  market in Irkutsk and the main indicators characterizing the  state of the labor market in the Irkutsk region. The results of the  expert survey are presented. The problems and prospects of  development of this form of support for unemployed citizens are  described. Positive and negative factors of development of this  program are revealed. The infrastructure of small business support  in Irkutsk is described. The types of activities that are a priority for  the city of Irkutsk in the direction of small business development are characterized. Suggestions for improving the activity of employment  centers to attract (encourage) the unemployed citizens to start their own small business.
TOLERANCE AS A CONDITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Authors: NEFEDYEVA I. E. , ZIMINA E. V.
Published: July 2018

In the article results of sociological research of quality of tolerance  and features of tolerant attitudes in the student's environment are  resulted. The survey was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey of students at the Baikal State University.  General views of the student youth about tolerance and intolerance,  their essential expression were considered. The main types of  tolerance are revealed depending on ethnic, psychophysical, demographic and other social characteristics. The  estimation of tolerance among students in small social groups is  given. The reasons and methods for resolving disagreements and  conflicts manifested on the basis of intolerant behavior and  relationships were studied. The students' opinion on the level of  tolerance in modern society among representatives of different  national groups, social strata, different faiths, political opinions, etc.  is considered. Particular attention is paid to the manifestation of  tolerance towards people with disabilities and limited health  opportunities. The reasons for intolerance in relations between  different social groups are indicated. The degree of influence on the  tolerance of various factors (health, religion, nationality, status, etc.)  has been revealed. The students' opinion on the necessity of  manifestation (observance) of tolerant attitude to the  representatives of certain social groups, in particular, to the disabled, ethnic and religious communities, the low-income and others is  considered.
SOCIAL IDENTITY: CAUSES OF INITIATION AND HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE
Authors: SEDYKH O. G.
Published: July 2018

Analyzing the background and conceptual basis of social  dependency, the article notes that the phenomenon of «social  dependency» has a long history and has received the greatest  development in the period of prosperity of economic opportunities of the state. For the national history it was typical for the period of  development of the «paternalistic» model of social security. The  article presents theoretical and applied approaches to the  formulation of the concepts of «social dependency» and «social parasitism», the differences between them. The categories of the population most exposed to social dependency and parasitism  are identified. Social dependency is analyzed in the article as a  structural phenomenon, a specific way of life, or such social behavior of an individual in which he consciously (deliberately) seek to secure  an acceptable standard of living in society at the expense of the  same society. The objective causes of this negative phenomenon of  social society are systematized. The methods of studying this  phenomenon are shown and the techniques that contribute to the  reduction of dependency are characterized. Among the quantitative methods, such as changes in the value of the subsistence minimum, control over the target expenditure of  funds. Qualitative methods are stimulating, actively introduced in the field of labor. The article systematizes management mechanisms  that can reduce this undesirable anti-social process.
PACIFIC RUSSIA IN THE “GREATER EURASIA” AT THE BEGINNING OF XXI CENTURY: CHALLENGES AND RESPONDS
Authors: LARIN V. L.
Published: July 2018

The article examines main factors that determine the pace, nature  and direction of everyday life and economic development of Pacific  Russia in the early 21st century. The author identifies and analyzes  fundamental nature and impact of three, in his opinion, basic  challenges, the answers to which determine Russian government  policy towards this region: the threat of its loss under the influence  of internal and external factors; peripheral status and lagging  development based on its specialization in the raw materials extraction; modern Eurasian integration projects of  Moscow, Beijing and Seoul. The first challenge was purely  speculative but it allowed Kremlin to mobilize the country's political  and business elites to strengthen Pacific vector of Russian policy and  support Russia Far East development. In this case, the goal of this  development was not to overcome the peripheral status and raw  specialization of the region, but to utilize its potential more  effectively in the interests of central government. The results were  contradictory from the point of view of both domestic and foreign  policies. Such outcome has prompted central government to create  new instruments and institutions for implementation of his  geopolitical and economic projects on the Pacific. The closure of an  active phase of "Russia's integration into the APR", Kremlin  promotion of the "Big Eurasia" concept as well as the Chinese "Belt and Road" initiative being launched alongside the Russian  project, in the aggregate reserve for Pacific Russia a place "in the  back" of the Eurasian integration, tightly fixing for her the status of a double - European and Asian - periphery.
THE SARATOV VOLGA REGION AND THE FAR EAST: THREE CENTURIES OF RELATIONS
Authors: PETROVICH V. G. , SAMSONOV S. I.
Published: July 2018

The article deals with the dynamics of the development of the Far  East with the help of labor migration in the period from the 1860s to  the present day. The authors analyze the intensity of migration  flows, the reasons for their decline or increase, talk about new settlements founded by immigrants from the Saratov Volga  region in the Amur and Primorye regions of the Russian Empire, and  trace the fate of these settlements to this day. The authors identify  the reasons for the lack of support for the resettlement movement in the Russian Empire by the state until the beginning of the  twentieth century, and the reasons that prompted  the government  to develop an effective resettlement program since 1906. Attention  is paid to the participation of Saratov in the Russian-Japanese war in  the Far East. The extensive statistical material contained in the  official publications following the results of the all-Russian population censuses of 1897, 2002 and 2010 is used. Internet sources,  websites of public organizations, official state bodies, mass media  are attracted. The migration policy of P.A. Stolypin, Prime Minister of  Imperial Russia and former Saratov Governor- General is analyzed.  In comparison with it, the project "far Eastern hectare" is  considered, which the modern Russian government considers as the  main tool for the inflow of population to the vast far Eastern territories. The authors prove the ineffectiveness of the  project due to the small amount of allocated land, their unsuitability  for agriculture or other socially significant activities, remoteness  from communications, the lack of benefits for immigrants on such a scale as it was a century ago. The conclusion to which the  researchers come: only taking into account the experience of  generations of Russians in the development of the Far East, the  traditional connection of the regions of Russia, proved by the  example of the Saratov  Volga region, providing immigrants with all  the necessary and benefits no worse than a century ago, it is  possible to ensure the priority development of the Far East.
Social history of Capoeira through images. The Raul Pederneiras’ "silhouettes"
Authors: Araújo Paulo Coelho , Jaqueira Ana Rosa
Published: July 2018

The study of Capoeira through the interpretation of images is characterized by being practically non-existent, and contains superficial and scarcely informed interpretations of its presence in Brazil. This study is based on the historical method and also is supported by the principles of the Historical Archaeology (Orser Jr., 1992) and those developed by Panofsky (1986) on the interpretation of images. For this study, we selected an iconography- "Silhouette" - by Pederneiras (1926). From this artist’s work and the accompanying text it is highlighted the apology of Brazilian's fight and its supremacy over other self-defense expressions known at the time in Brazil, the recognition of the potential of Capoeira as a physical exercise, and Pederneira’s comments on some contextual facts, highlighting the interference of its practitioners in Brazilian politics and their role as bodyguards recruited by politicians. He also referred its most famous practitioners, the gangs of Capoeira and their typical language and costumes in the Carioca society of the late 19th and early 20th century. This information, and specially the strokes depicted in the image, allows us to reconstruct the history of Capoeira movements, given the scarcity of historical sources in this field. Through this silhouette, Pederneiras sought to raise awareness among government authorities to adopt the Brazilian fight as a national identity element and recognize it as the National Gymnastics.
Bushido as allied: The Japanese warrior in the cultural production of Fascist Italy (1940-1943)
Authors: Raimondo Sergio , De Fortuna Valentina , Ceccarelli Giulia
Published: July 2018

Introduction: After the signing of the alliance among Japan, Germany and Italy’s governments in September 1940, several journals arose in order to spread the Japanese culture among people who knew very little about Italy’s new allied. Some documentaries also had the same function. Methods: The numerous textual and iconographical references concerning the Japanese warriors’ anthropology published in some Italian magazines during the 1940s have been compared, as well as to the few Italian monographs on the same theme and to some documentaries by Istituto Nazionale Luce, government propaganda organ. This subject has also been compared to the first Italian cultural production, concerning Japan, which dated back to the first decades of the 20th century. Moreover different intellectuals’ biographies of those times have been deeply analyzed. Results: Comparing to each other the anthropological references about Japan in the Italian cultural production during the Second World War, we can notice a significant ideological homogeneity. This can be explained through their writers’ common sharing of the militaristic, hierarchical and totalitarian doctrine of the Fascist Regime. The Fascist ideology can be summarized in the Bushido concept, as Inazo Nitobe defined it in 1916. This concept was already known in Italy on the early 20th century, far before Fascism. Discussions and conclusions: We can see how Italian perception of the Japanese anthropology on the early 20th century didn’t change over time and how its features will re-appear in the 40s under the influence of the Italian-Japanese coalition. So, Bushido became the essence of the Japanese military and national identity that Fascist Italy took as example for mass education. Some of these stereotypes will re-appear after the war and until recent times in popular culture and in mass perception of Japanese martial arts.
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica sobre judo como deporte de combate
Authors: Caravaca Víctor , Hernández-García Raquel , García-de-Alcaraz Antonio
Published: July 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las tendencias de la investigación en judo como deporte de combate por medio de un análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica en la base de datos Web of Science, a través de los 336 artículos publicados entre los años 2007 al 2017. Tras utilizar la metodología Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA-P), la muestra del estudio fueron 88 artículos. Se analizaron diferentes tipos de variables agrupadas en: a) características institucionales; b) características de la muestra; y c) métodos e instrumentos de investigación. Los resultados mostraron que los años más productivos fueron 2014 y 2016, donde el número medio de autores fue de 4,56±1,79, y el de citas en la Web of Science fue de 9,25±11,9. El mayor porcentaje de publicaciones presentó una muestra masculina, de alto rendimiento y bajo la disciplina de la teoría del entrenamiento. La metodología más utilizada fue el estudio observacional con estadística univariante a través de instrumental y hojas de observación. Los parámetros más estudiados fueron los fisiológicos y los técnico-tácticos. Parece ser que el judo como deporte de combate muestra mayor interés científico en su carácter deportivo y competitivo. Se proponen medidas para conseguir un análisis más específico de la modalidad del judo, sin contextualizarlo como deporte de combate.
TEKNOLOJİK İNOVASYONUN EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE- AB (15) ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: YILDIZ Gizem
Published: July 2018

Çalışmanın amacı 1998-2013 döneminde Türkiye ve
AB-15 ülkelerinin teknolojik inovasyon performansının ekonomik büyüme düzeyleri
üzerindeki etkisini ölçmeye yöneliktir. Ülkelerin teknolojik inovasyon
performanslarını değerlendirirken tek bir gösterge kullanmak yerine çalışmada
uluslararası literatürde yer alan Teknoloji Başarı Endeksi (TAI) ve
Archibugi-CoCo (Ar-Co) endeks değerlerinden yola çıkarak teknolojik inovasyon
endeks (TİE) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Zaman serisi olarak ve tüm ülkeler için
hesaplanan bu değerler ekonometrik modelde bağımsız değişken olarak
kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada referans çalışmalar ışığında gelişitirilen panel ARDL
modellerindeki katsayılar PMGE ile tahmin edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara
göre panel genelinde ülkelerin TİE performansı ekonomik büyüme düzeylerini istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı ve pozitif etkilemektedir. Ancak ülke bazında elde edilen
bulgular Türkiye açısından değerlendirildiğinde, değişkenler arasında bir
ilişki olduğuna dair istatistiksel olarak kuvvetli bir bulgu elde
edilememiştir. Neticede Türkiye’nin hem TİE değeri hem de büyüme performansı
açısından örneklem ülkelerin oldukça gerisinde kaldığını ifade etmek mümkündür.
Environmental and hereditary effects in plant nutrition: our collaboration with RISSAC Budapest
Authors: Kovačević Vlado , Lončarić Zdenko , Šimić Domagoj
Published: July 2018

Imre Kádár (29th July 1943 - 1st March 2018), a world renowned retired scientist in the field of agrochemistry and plant nutrition from the Research Institute of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry (RISSAC) of the Hungarian Academy of Science (HAS) in Budapest, passed away suddenly in March 2018. Our collaboration has about a 30 year-long tradition. Intensive collaboration started in connection with the beginning of the Homeland war in Croatia (1991-1995). Imre’s broad -minded soul was shown by his offer to make plant and soil analyses in RISSAC agrochemical laboratory for a price covering only the costs of chemicals and sample preparing. He made the offer after visiting Osijek and witnessing the total destruction of lecture rooms in the new building of Faculty and Institute, located on the southern outskirts of Osijek, and distanced only 0.5 km from the frontline. Until the end of 2012, we recorded about 6000 plant and soil samples for elemental analyses sent from the Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural Institute Osijek to RISSAC Budapest. The outcome of this collaboration is numerous scientific and review articles. Until the end of 2016, Imre was included in 51 scientific, review articles and abstracts in total. Topics of our common articles can be divided into three parts: fertilization and liming effects on soil and plants, heavy metals and harmful elements in soil and plants, and hereditary impacts in maize nutrition. There is still unpublished data from the analyses made in RISSAC. We hope that, in the near future, some of the articles will be published including Imre in our team. Imre may have passed away, but his soul remains with us until our last breath. His rich legacy of development of environmental and genetic aspects of plant nutrition at the Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek and Agricultural Institute Osijek will be inspirational for many generations to come.
An Entropy Approach to China Big Data Ecology
Authors: Li Tao ,   Associate Researcher, Innovation & Development Research Center, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, China,   MBA, Associate Researcher, Shanghai University of Finance & Economics, Shanghai, China
Published: July 2018

This paper analyzes the application layer of Internet Big Data in China from the perspective of Information Entropy, which studies the evolution and characteristics of the big data application layer in China. The application layer faces public users directly, from which the feedback effects reach commercial-end and government-end. By utilizing a combination of entropy approach and method of concatenated substitution, the structural evolution characteristics of public preferences are well-reflected. Discovering that the entropy increment mainly comes from newly-born groups, though such groups cause the disorder of entire application layer, the left-side of inverse U shape corresponds the national strategy of innovation ecology in Internet Big Data. With a dialectical and rational view of the system’s entropy increase, we must also be aware of the economic transformation incentive policy in accelerating the establishment of an open innovation system for the “Mass Entrepreneurship and Innovation”. The local government should be encouraged to promote the Internet Big Data industry innovation in policy coordination, enhance the construction of the fundamental level of the ecological system, and pay close attention to the level change of consumers’ demand, the innovation performance of commercial organizations, and the abuse of public information.
Early post hatch feeding in chicks and practical constrains-A review
Authors: Sirsat S. D. , Chaithrashree A. R. , Ramteke B. N. , Shirsat S. D.
Published: July 2018

At present, broilers reach slaughter weight at a physiologically younger age and the embryonic developmental period as well as the first week after hatching represents a larger proportion (45%) of the whole life span. Thus, pre-hatch as well as the transitional post-hatch period must be achieved efficiently. It is known that body weight is increased three to four fold during the first week and considerable changes in gut, and muscle weight and morphology are observed. The post-hatch period is critical for the digestive tract because the system is switching itself from off to on. The first day after hatch is critical for the development of body systems in the chicken and certain types of manipulation must occur during the first days after hatch in order to achieve long-term effects. Meat-type broilers are capable of achieving 70 g/day until 40 days. This achievement requires emphasis on early phase nutrition (i.e. pre-starter diets). The use of pre-starter diets assumes that starter diets are somewhat inefficient in providing balanced nutrients. Early nutritional strategies offer the promise of sustaining progress in production efficiency and welfare of commercial poultry. In order to achieve broiler potential several unconventional changes must be made: supplying nutrients to the developing embryo before hatch, supplying feed within hatchery, developing highly digestible pre-starter diets. Integrate all of the above to create a continuous feeding process from several days prior to hatch, during hatch and till farm placement where first feed is provided.
Effect of feeding high fat diet on reproductive parameters in male mice
Authors: Samuel Rosa J. , Joy Omana , Murthy P. Krishna , Iyer Shruthi , Ramachandra S. G. , Thamaraiselvi K.
Published: July 2018

The present study attempts to chronicle the series of changes starting from the consumption of high fat diet till reproductive activity in male mice. A marginal increase in body weight was observed in male mice fed with high fat diet with 3-fold increase in total body fat and 1.4-fold increase in adipose tissue. A significant reduction in number and diameter of seminiferous tubules were observed in high fat diet fed mice compared to control mice. FACS analysis of testicular germ cells revealed very high percentage of apoptotic cells (84%) compared to control animals (2-3 %) indicative of reduced spermatogenic activity. In addition, a significant decrease in litter size (11.6%-Control to 3.66%-HFD) indicates that reproductive efficiency in high fat diet fed mice reduced to a great extent. The present study revealed high fat diet alters the fertility in male mice significantly and the first in this process appears to be apoptosis of testicular cells due to increase in ROS.
Prevalence and molecular characterization of cryptosporidium species in buffalo calves of western Haryana
Authors: Swain Krutanjali , Vohra Sukhdeep , Sangwan A. K. , Routray Abhilash , Panigrahi Sumitra , Ganguly Subha
Published: July 2018

A sum total of 402 faecal samples from buffalo calves belonging to the age group of three months were collected randomly without any clinical symptom from various livestock farms and small holdings in four districts of Haryana. The presence or absence of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in faecal samples was confirmed by the standard microscopic examination of the modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) stained faecal smears. The overall prevalence in buffalo calves was found to be 8.7%. The seasonal prevalence study revealed a maximum occurrence of Cryptosporidium infection during rainy followed by autumn, winters and minimum in summer season. Age related prevalence showed highest infection in calves between 16-30 days age which gradually decreased with increase in age. The DNA of representative positive faecal samples was extracted using standard phenol-chloroform-isoamylalcohol (PCI) method and then was subjected to nested PCR. All the extracted DNA were amplified for a 1325 bp primary fragment followed by a 834 bp nested fragment in a nested PCR of 18S rRNA gene, thereby confirming the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. The restricted enzyme digestion pattern (restricted fragment length polymorphism) of the 834 bp nested fragment using the restriction enzymes SspI and VspI confirmed the presence of C. parvum. Sequencing of Cryptosporidium DNA samples were carried out which also proved all samples to be of C. parvum. This is the first report of molecular identification of C. parvum in buffalo calves of Haryana and these Haryana isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum isolated from diarrhoeic buffalo calves are divergently related to rest of the part of the country isolates and indicates the zoonotic potential.