bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Semi-Supervised Feature Extraction Method and Its Application in Automotive Assembly Fault Diagnosis Based on Vision Sensor Data
Authors: Zeng Xuan , Yin Shi-Bin , Guo Yin , Lin Jia-Rui , Zhu Ji-Gui
Published: August 2018

The fault diagnosis of dimensional variation plays an essential role in the production of an automotive body. However, it is difficult to identify faults based on small labeled sample data using traditional supervised learning methods. The present study proposed a novel feature extraction method named, semi-supervised complete kernel Fisher discriminant (SS-CKFDA), and a new fault diagnosis flow for automotive assembly was introduced based on this method. SS-CKFDA is a combination of traditional complete kernel Fisher discriminant (CKFDA) and semi-supervised learning. It adjusts the Fisher criterion with the data global structure extracted from large unlabeled samples. When the number of labeled samples is small, the global structure that exists in the measured data can effectively improve the extraction effects of the projected vector. The experimental results on Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP) data demonstrated that the proposed method can improve diagnostic performance, when compared to other Fisher discriminant algorithms. Finally, the experimental results on the optical coordinate data proves that the method can be applied in the automotive assembly process, and achieve a better performance.
Evaluating the Link between Low Carbon Reductions Strategies and Its Performance in the Context of Climate Change: A Carbon Footprint of a Wood-Frame Residential Building in Quebec, Canada
Authors: Padilla-Rivera Alejandro , Amor Ben , Blanchet Pierre
Published: August 2018

The design and study of low carbon buildings is a major concern in a modern economy due to high carbon emissions produced by buildings and its effects on climate change. Studies have investigated (CFP) Carbon Footprint of buildings, but there remains a need for a strong analysis that measure and quantify the overall degree of GHG emissions reductions and its relationship with the effect on climate change mitigation. This study evaluates the potential of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the building sector by evaluating the (CFP) of four hotpots approaches defined in line with commonly carbon reduction strategies, also known as mitigation strategies. CFP framework is applied to compare the (CC) climate change impact of mitigation strategies. A multi-story timber residential construction in Quebec City (Canada) was chosen as a baseline scenario. This building has been designed with the idea of being a reference of sustainable development application in the building sector. In this scenario, the production of materials and construction (assembly, waste management and transportation) were evaluated. A CFP that covers eight actions divided in four low carbon strategies, including: low carbon materials, material minimization, reuse and recycle materials and adoption of local sources and use of biofuels were evaluated. The results of this study shows that the used of prefabricated technique in buildings is an alternative to reduce the CFP of buildings in the context of Quebec. The CC decreases per m2 floor area in baseline scenario is up to 25% than current buildings. If the benefits of low carbon strategies are included, the timber structures can generate 38% lower CC than the original baseline scenario. The investigation recommends that CO2eq emissions reduction in the design and implementation of residential constructions as climate change mitigation is perfectly feasible by following different working strategies. It is concluded that if the four strategies were implemented in current buildings they would have environmental benefits by reducing its CFP. The reuse wood wastes into production of particleboard has the greatest environmental benefit due to temporary carbon storage.
Business Ethics as a Sustainability Challenge: Higher Education Implications
Authors: Tormo-Carbó Guillermina , Seguí-Mas Elies , Oltra Víctor
Published: August 2018

Recent financial scandals worldwide have intensified concern for business (and especially accounting) ethics. Hence, under an overall economic and social sustainability approach, it is crucial to improve the effectiveness of business ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) education, in terms of its impact on business students’ awareness of ethical issues. However, stand-alone business ethics/CSR courses are uncommon in Spanish universities. Accordingly, this paper aims at examining the influence of ethics courses on students’ awareness of business ethics in unfriendly environments. We test our hypotheses, through hierarchical regression, in a sample of 551 management students of a Spanish university. Our results suggest that business ethics/CSR courses increase awareness of the importance of ethics in: (i) business courses, (ii) recognizing accounting ethical implications, and (iii) workplace decisions. Our findings also show that a joint interactive effect of gender (female students) and age (older students) increases the impact of business ethics/CSR courses on students’ awareness of the importance of: (i) ethics in workplace decisions, and (ii) the recognition of accounting ethical implications. Our results also support the relevance of different learning styles and the convenience of adapting ethics/CSR teaching methods depending on students’ characteristics. Research and practical implications are derived from our findings.
Grass-Legume Mixtures for Improved Soil Health in Cultivated Agroecosystem
Authors: Dhakal Dhruba , Islam M.
Published: August 2018

Planting grass-legume mixtures may be a good option to improve soil health in addition to increased forage productivity, improved forage nutritive value, and net farm profit in a hay production system. A field experiment was conducted from 2011 to 2014 at Lingle, Wyoming to evaluate soil microbial biomass under different seeding proportions of two forage grasses (meadow bromegrass, Bromus biebersteinii Roem. & Schult.; and orchardgrass, Dactylis glomerata L.) and one legume (alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.). Nine treatments included monoculture grass, monoculture legume, one grass and one legume mixture, two grasses and one legume mixture, and a control (not seeded with grass or legume). Monoculture grass received either no nitrogen (N) or N fertilizer (150 kg N ha−1 year−1 as urea) whereas monoculture legume, grass-legume mixtures, and control plots received no N fertilizer. The study was laid out as a randomized complete block design with three replications. The plots were harvested 3–4 times each year after the establishment year. Soil samples were collected and analyzed for microbial biomass using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis at the end of May in 2013 and 2014. Soil samples were also analyzed for mineralizable carbon (C) and N in 2013 and 2014. The total above-ground plant biomass was higher in 50–50% mixture of grass and alfalfa than monoculture alfalfa and monoculture grass (with and without N fertilizer) during the entire study period. The application of N fertilizer to the grass hay production system had little effect on improving mineralizable soil C, N, and soil microbial biomass. However, grass-legume mixture without N fertilizer had great effect on improvement of mineralizable soil C and N, and total, bacterial, and actinomycetes microbial biomass in soil. The 50–50% mixture of grass and alfalfa performed consistently well and can be considered to use in Wyoming conditions for improving soil health and forage productivity.
Information Technology in Healthcare: HHC-MOTES, a Novel Set of Metrics to Analyse IT Sustainability in Different Areas
Authors: Remondino Marco
Published: August 2018

Sustainability, as a science, is the guideline of the present work. It aims to analyse, by means of a literature review, various areas of healthcare in which information technology (IT) has been- or could be-used, leading to several sources of sustainability, for example, cost savings, better teamwork, higher quality and efficiency of medical care. After a brief introduction analysing the strategic contexts in which innovation in general, and IT in particular, can be a source of general improvements in efficiency, cost savings and service quality, the research focuses on the healthcare system by discussing the different nature of private and public organizations in terms of adopting innovations and changes and discussing the issue of consumer health costs and consumer choices. The following part focuses on the qualitative benefits of IT in healthcare and discusses the importance of metrics for measuring performance, costs and efficiency in this area. The work then qualitatively introduces a new set of Key Performance Indicators (KPI), partly based on literature from different topics and existing and validated sets of metrics, analysing, under the point of view of sustainability, the implementation of IT in healthcare, namely in management, organization, technology, environment and social fields (HHC-MOTES framework). The model, inspired by and to sustainability, can be used as a decision support at the strategic management level as well as for the analysis and investigation of the effects of IT systems in the healthcare sector from various perspectives.
A Bus Service Evaluation Method from Passenger’s Perspective Based on Satisfaction Surveys: A Case Study of Beijing, China
Authors: Weng Jiancheng , Di Xiaojian , Wang Chang , Wang Jingjing , Mao Lizeng
Published: August 2018

As an important part of urban public transport, bus service quality is an important factor affecting the choice of passenger travel mode. This paper constructs a set of satisfaction evaluation indicator systems from the perspective of passenger perception, covering the whole travel process. It is composed of 6 first-level indexes (timeliness, safety, convenience, comfort, reliability and economy) and 21 second-level indexes. Considering the scale of bus service in Beijing, this research carried out a stratified sampling on 100 bus lines and collected 3012 field questionnaire surveys. The basic information of the bus routes investigated, demographic questions and their opinions of the satisfaction of the bus service were all recorded in the questionnaire. After testing the reliability and validity of the indicator system, the paper proposes a satisfaction evaluation model weighted by the related coefficient. The results show that overall satisfaction score is 78.2 and the proportion of bus passengers who are satisfied with the bus service nearly 70%. Multivariate analysis of variance methods were employed to evaluate the satisfaction influencing factors. Conclusions can be drawn that the satisfaction score of timeliness is lowest, which is mainly influenced by three factors: the passenger’s age, travel purpose and time. The research provides positive contributions toward normalizing performance evaluation for public transportation and enhancing the sustainable development of bus.
How Do Community Planning Features Affect the Place Relationship of Residents? An Investigation of Place Attachment, Social Interaction, and Community Participation
Authors: Zhang Heng , Matsuoka Rodney H. , Huang Yu-Jan
Published: August 2018

Outdoor environment can have significant connections with place relationships. This study tried to explore the connection in detail. First, the relationship was examined through an integrated view of environmental planning, followed by reviewing impacts of essential elements from the outdoor environment on place relationships. Residents of three public housing communities in Taiwan were surveyed. Each community had a different layout: alley, cluster, and large courtyard. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that outdoor community planning features can be grouped into four factors: outdoor space quality, circulation planning, outdoor recreational facilities, and community layout. Canonical correlation analyses indicate different combinations of these factors were connected to diverse combinations of place relationship dimensions. More importantly, higher levels of satisfaction toward outdoor space quality as well as community layout were associated with greater place attachment and less community participation. Higher levels of satisfaction with circulation planning were connected to greater place attachment and community participation, and less social interaction. Multiple regression analyses found the associations between the community planning features and place relationship dimensions differed among the alley, cluster, and large courtyard. These findings can help planners and architects design public housing and similar communities that better enhance the emotional and social experiences of the inhabitants.
Sustainable Mineral Resource Management—Insights into the Case of Phosphorus
Authors: Steiner Gerald , Geissler Bernhard
Published: August 2018

Although it is among the most abundant elements in Earth’s crust (11th [1]) and water (13th [2]), phosphorus (P) is commonly referred to as “life’s bottleneck”, as “life can multiply until all thephosphorus is gone, and then there is an inexorable halt which nothing can prevent . . . ” [3]. [...]
The Evolution of the Urban Spatial Pattern in the Yangtze River Economic Belt: Based on Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Li Yang , Shao Hua , Jiang Nan , Shi Ge , Cheng Xin
Published: August 2018

The development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is an important national regional development strategy and a strategic engineering development system. In this study, the evolution of urban spatial patterns in the YREB from 1990 to 2010 was mapped using the nighttime stable light (NSL) data, multi-temporal urban land products, and multiple sources of geographic data by using the rank-size distribution and the Gini coefficient method. Through statistical results, we found that urban land takes on the feature of “high in the east and low in the west”. The study area included cities of different development stages and sizes. The nighttime light increased in most cities from 1992 to 2010, and the rate assumed an obvious growth tendency in the three urban agglomerations in the YREB. The results revealed that the urban size distribution of the YREB is relatively dispersed, the speed of urban development is unequal, and the trend of urban size structure shows a decentralized distribution pattern that has continuously strengthened from 1990 to 2010. Affected by factors such as geographical conditions, spatial distance, and development stage, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River have developed rapidly, the upper and middle reaches have developed large cities, and a contiguous development trend is not obvious. The evolution of urban agglomerations in the region presents a variety of spatial development characteristics. Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shanghai have entered a phase of urban continuation, forming a more mature interregional urban agglomeration, while the YREB inland urban agglomerations are in suburbanization and multi-centered urban areas. At this stage, the conditions for the formation of transregional urban agglomerations do not yet exist, and there are many uncertainties in the boundary and spatial structure of each urban agglomeration.
Environmental Assessment of Amylase Used as Digestibility Improvement Factor for Intensive Chicken Production in Brazil
Authors: Gernaey Britta , Sorbara José Otávio B. , Nielsen Per H.
Published: August 2018

Industrial enzymes can be used to improve the digestibility of livestock feed components, thereby increasing the nutritional value of the feed, and allowing farmers to change and cost-optimize the feed composition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the environmental impacts of adding a starch-degrading enzyme (amylase) to feed for Brazilian chicken production. A lifecycle assessment covering all significant processes in the value chain as well as all significant impact categories was used as analytical tool. The application of amylase increases the energy value of corn in chicken feed and allows saving of costly fat in the feed. In Brazil, the saved fat is used either for biodiesel production or as a replacement for other fats in cleaning and hygiene products. The study showed that approximately 6% of greenhouse-gas emission from Brazilian chicken production could be avoided using the amylase. Using the amylase increases the contribution to nutrient enrichment by 0.6% when the excess fat is used for biodiesel. The use of amylase has little impact on agricultural land use, water consumption and acidification.
Exploring the Role of the Economy in Young Adults’ Understanding of Sustainable Development
Authors: Berglund Teresa , Gericke Niklas
Published: August 2018

The economic dimension is one of the central perspectives in both sustainable development and education for sustainable development. The role of the economy in sustainable development has been discussed extensively over the years and different views exist about how economic activities affect other sustainability dimensions. How young people view the relationships among economic perspectives and sustainable development seems to be an underemphasized perspective in sustainability education and underexplored in the field of sustainability education research. This study uses cluster analysis, which is an explorative approach, to identify and analyze young peoples’ views of the relationships between economic growth, economic development and sustainable development. Six hundred and thirty eight students (age 18–19) from 15 schools across Sweden responded to a questionnaire probing (1) views on these relationships, and (2) their environmental consciousness. Four clusters of students differing in their views on the economy in sustainable development were identified in the analysis: un-differentiating positive, nuanced ambivalent, two-way convinced, and critical. Further analysis indicated that some groups differed in their perception of the environmental dimension of sustainable development. Implications of these findings are discussed from the perspective of education for sustainable development.
From Global Goals and Planetary Boundaries to Public Governance—A Framework for Prioritizing Organizational Sustainability Activities
Authors: Ranängen Helena , Cöster Mathias , Isaksson Raine , Garvare Rickard
Published: August 2018

Background: A particular challenge in the work to realize the global goals for sustainable development is to find ways for organizations to identify and prioritize organizational activities that address these goals. There are also several sustainability initiatives, guidelines and tools to consider when planning, working with and reporting on sustainable development. Although progress has been made, little has been written about how organizations rise to and manage the challenge. The paper explores how organizations address sustainable development, which sustainability aspects they prioritize and whether previous research can improve the priority process by using materiality analysis approach. Methods: A case study approach was chosen. Data was collected by interactive workshops and documentation. The participating organizations were two Swedish municipalities; Results: The municipalities have introduced a number of sustainability aspects into their organizational governance, especially in terms of society, human rights and the environment. A materiality analysis was conducted to determine the relevance and significance of sustainability aspects. The result shows that climate action, biodiversity and freshwater use are aspects that should be prioritized; Conclusion: The materiality analysis methodology chosen for prioritizing of sustainability aspects was useful and easy to work with. However, the sustainability aspect matrix and the risk assessment have to be updated regularly in order to form an effective base for the materiality analysis.
Green Supplier Selection Based on Consensus Process and Integrating Prioritized Operator and Choquet Integral
Authors: Zhu Jianghong , Li Yanlai
Published: August 2018

Green supplier selection, as a core part of green supply chain management, has attracted the attention of various researchers in the past decade. Plenty of green supplier selection methods based on multi-criteria group decision-making have been presented in previous literature. However, these approaches ignore the consensus level between the experts, and they rarely consider the priority level among the experts and the interdependent relationship between criteria. To handle these issues, an integrated framework of green supplier selection under the hesitant fuzzy linguistic (HFL) environment was established. In this framework, the preference information expressed by HFL was transformed into the hesitant 2-tuple linguistic (H2TL). Then, the consensus process was introduced into the green supplier selection process to increase the consensus level between experts. The H2TL prioritized operator and Choquet integral operator were respectively applied to construct the group decision matrix and derive the ranking order of green suppliers. Finally, we used a numerical example to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the presented framework and implemented a comparative analysis to highlight the features of the presented method.
From Wood to Resin—Identifying Sustainability Levers through Hotspotting Lignin Valorisation Pathways
Authors: Lettner Miriam , Solt Pia , Rößiger Björn , Pufky-Heinrich Daniela , Jääskeläinen Anna-Stiina , Schwarzbauer Peter , Hesser Franziska
Published: August 2018

The concept of bioeconomy supports the diversification strategies of forest-based industries to create new value chains and contribute to economic growth and sustainability. The use of side streams or by-products of the pulp and paper industry (PPI) is seen as a promising approach. In line with this, the idea of substituting fossil-based materials and products is frequently discussed. One such example is the use of lignin as a bio-based alternative for fossil-based phenols. Lignin-based products not only have to fulfil identical technical requirements as their fossil-based counterparts, they are also expected to be more sustainable. This study conducts an integrated hotspot analysis of two lignin valorisation pathways during R&D. The analysis considers the provision of technical kraft lignin as a by-product of a state-of-the-art kraft pulp mill, followed by valorisation, either via solvent fractionation or via base-catalysed depolymerisation (BCD), and the final application of the valorised lignins in phenol formaldehyde resins. As a two-step approach, first of all, the environmental hotspots (e.g., energy-intensive process steps) along the valorisation pathways are identified. Secondly, a variation analysis is carried out, which involves the identification of sustainability levers (e.g., selection of solvents). Identifying those levers at an early research stage helps to support the R&D process towards sustainable product development.
The Santa Barbara Oil Spill and Its Effect on United States Environmental Policy
Authors: Spezio Teresa Sabol
Published: August 2018

The National Environmental Policy Act of 1970 (NEPA) paved the way for comprehensive federal environmental policy in the United States. NEPA has successfully allowed citizens and others to become active participants in the environmental decision-making process for federal infrastructure projects throughout the evolution of environmental policy in the United States. Its efficacy was enhanced because of an oil spill off the Santa Barbara coast in January 1969. This disaster gave the framers of NEPA an example of the consequences of the lack of environmental policy in federal decision making. Using their original proactive approach along with the reactive response to the spill, they created a policy that has can be seen as a foundation for 21st century sustainability and resilience programs.
Combination of Measurement Methods for a Wide-Range Description of Hydraulic Soil Properties
Authors: Weninger Thomas , Bodner Gernot , Kreiselmeier Janis , Chandrasekhar Parvathy , Julich Stefan , Feger Karl-Heinz , Schwärzel Kai , Schwen Andreas
Published: August 2018

Established measurement methods for hydraulic soil properties cover a limited soil moisture range. Simulations of soil water dynamics based on such observations are therefore rarely representative for all conditions from saturation to drought. Recent technical developments facilitate efficient and cheap collecting of soil water characteristics data, but the quantitative benefit of extended measurement campaigns has not been adequately tested yet. In this study, a combination of four methods to measure water retention and hydraulic conductivity at different moisture ranges was applied. Evaporation method, dewpoint psychrometry, hood infiltrometer experiments, and falling head method for saturated conductivity were conducted at two experimental sites in eastern Austria. Effects of including the particular methods in the measurement strategy were examined by visual evaluation and a 1D-modelling sensitivity study including drainage, infiltration and drought conditions. The evaporation method was considered essential due to its broad measurement range both for water retention and hydraulic conductivity. In addition to that, the highest effect on simulated water balance components was induced by the inclusion of separate conductivity measurements near saturation. Water content after three days of drainage was 15 percent higher and the transpiration rate in a drought period was 22 percent higher without near-saturated conductivity measurements. Based on relative comparisons between different combinations, we suggested combining evaporation method and hood infiltrometer experiments as the basis for representative predictions of soil water dynamics.
Threshold Based Footprints (for Water)
Authors: Ruddell Benjamin L.
Published: August 2018

Thresholds are an emergent property of complex systems and Coupled Natural Human Systems (CNH) because they indicate “tipping points” where a complicated array of social, environmental, and/or economic processes combine to substantially change a system’s state. Because of the elegance of the concept, thresholds have emerged as one of the primary tools by which socio-political systems simplify, define, and especially regulate complex environmental impacts and resource scarcity considerations. This paper derives a general framework for the use of thresholds to calculate scarcity footprints, and presents a volumetric Threshold-based Water Footprint (TWF), comparing it with the Blue Water Footprint (BWF) and the Relevant for Environmental Deficiency (RED) midpoint impact indicator. Specific findings include (a) one requires all users’ BWF to calculate an individual user’s TWF, whereas one can calculate an individual user’s BWF without other users’ data; (b) local maxima appear in the Free from Environmental Deficiency (FED) efficiency of the RED metric due to its nonlinear form; and (c) it is possible to estimate the “effective” threshold that is approximately implied by the RED water use impact metric.
A Stochastic Optimization Model for Agricultural Irrigation Water Allocation Based on the Field Water Cycle
Authors: Yan Zehao , Li Mo
Published: August 2018

Agricultural water scarcity is a global problem and this reinforces the need for optimal allocation of irrigation water resources. However, decision makers are challenged by the complexity of fluctuating stream condition and irrigation quota as well as the dynamic changes of the field water cycle process, which make optimal allocation more complex. A two-stage chance-constrained programming model with random parameters in the left- and right-hand sides of constraints considering field water cycle process has been developed for agricultural irrigation water allocation. The model is capable of generating reasonable irrigation allocation strategies considering water transformation among crop evapotranspiration, precipitation, irrigation, soil water content, and deep percolation. Moreover, it can deal with randomness in both the right-hand side and the left-hand side of constraints to generate schemes under different flow levels and constraint-violation risk levels, which are informative for decision makers. The Yingke irrigation district in the middle reaches of the Heihe River basin, northwest China, was used to test the developed model. Tradeoffs among different crops in different time periods under different flow levels, and dynamic changes of soil moisture and deep percolation were analyzed. Scenarios with different violating probabilities were conducted to gain insight into the sensitivity of irrigation water allocation strategies on water supply and irrigation quota. The performed analysis indicated that the proposed model can efficiently optimize agricultural irrigation water for an irrigation district with water scarcity in a stochastic environment.
Vehicle Level Control Analysis for Voltec Powertrain
Authors: Kim Namdoo , Choi Sungwook , Jeong Jongryeol , Vijayagopal Ram , Stutenberg Kevin , Rousseau Aymeric
Published: August 2018

The next generation of the Volt vehicle with the new “Voltec” extended-range propulsion system was introduced into the market in 2016. The second-generation Volt’s powertrain architecture provides five modes of operation, including two electric vehicle operations and three extended-range operations. Vehicle testing was performed on a chassis dynamometer set within a thermal chamber at the Advanced Powertrain Research Facility at Argonne National Laboratory. The study first focused on assessing the improvement of the new Voltec system by comparing the system efficiency with the previous system. Second, control behavior and performance were analyzed under normal ambient temperature to understand the supervisory control strategy on the Voltec system based on the test data. The analysis focused on the engine on/off strategy, powertrain operation mode, energy management, and engine operating conditions. Third, test data from the control analysis were used to summarize the vehicle control logic.
HeCS-red: Dense Hectospec Surveys of redMaPPer-selected Clusters
Authors: Rines Kenneth J. , Geller Margaret J. , Diaferio Antonaldo , Hwang Ho Seong , Sohn Jubee
Published: August 2018

We use dense redshift surveys to explore the properties of galaxy clusters selected from the redMaPPer catalog. Our new survey, Hectospec Cluster Survey of red-sequence-selected clusters (HeCS-red), includes 10,589 new or remeasured redshifts from MMT/Hectospec observations of 27 redMaPPer clusters at redshifts z = 0.08–0.25 with large estimated richnesses (richness estimate λ > 64). Our spectra confirm that each candidate cluster corresponds to a large overdensity in redshift space. The redMaPPer photometric redshifts have a slight bias toward higher redshifts. We measure the relation between velocity dispersion σ

p
and λ. The relation shows intrinsic scatter of 24% (and a range of 2x) in velocity dispersion at fixed richness. We extend our analysis to HeCS-red-ext, a sample that includes several clusters selected by X-ray flux or Sunyaev–Zeldovich signal. The heterogeneous sample of 121 clusters in HeCS-red-ext shows similar intrinsic scatter in the σ

p
–λ relation as the HeCS-red sample, but the range of σ

p
at fixed richness increases to 3x. We evaluate the membership probability estimates P
mem for individual galaxies provided by redMaPPer. The spectroscopic membership fraction is larger than P
mem for 0.05 ≤ P
mem ≤ 0.7; conversely, the spectroscopic membership fraction is smaller than P
mem at P
mem ≥ 0.8. We compare spectroscopic richness estimates with redMaPPer richness estimates and find good agreement on average, but a range of a factor of two in spectroscopic richness at fixed redMaPPer richness. Overall, within the high-richness and low-redshift cut of our sample, spectroscopically estimated parameters such as velocity dispersion correlate well with photometric richness estimates, although the relations contain substantial scatter.
Kinematic Signatures of Reverberation Mapping of Close Binaries of Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Wang Jian-Min , Songsheng Yu-Yang , Li Yan-Rong , Yu Zhe
Published: August 2018

Close binaries of supermassive black holes (CB-SMBHs) with separations of ≲0.1 pc as the final stage of galaxy mergers are sources of low-frequency gravitational waves; however, they are still elusive observationally because they are not spatially resolved. Fortunately, reverberation as echoes of broad emission lines to ionizing continuum conveys invaluable information on the dynamics of broad-line regions (BLRs) governed by SMBHs in the central regions of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In this paper, we demonstrate how to compose the hybrid two-dimensional transfer functions (TFs) of binary BLRs around the CB-SMBHs in AGNs, providing an opportunity for identifying them from reverberation mapping (RM) data. It is found that there are variation-coupling effects in the TFs arising from the coupling of CB-SMBH light curves in the Fourier space. We provide semi-analytical formulations of the TFs for kinematic maps of the gas. For cases with the simplest variation-coupling effects, we make calculations for several BLR models and reveal significant distinctions from those of single active black holes. In principle, the difference is caused by the orbital motion of the CB-SMBH systems. In order to search for CB-SMBHs in time-domain space, selection of target candidates should focus on local AGNs with Hβ double-peaked profiles and weaker near-infrared emission. High-fidelity RM campaigns of monitoring the targets in future will provide opportunities to reveal these kinematic signatures of the CB-SMBHs and hence measurements of their orbital parameters.
What We Learn from the X-Ray Grating Spectra of Nova SMC 2016
Authors: Orio M. , Ness J.-U. , Dobrotka A. , Gatuzz E. , Ospina N. , Aydi E. , Behar E. , Buckley D. A. H. , Ciroi S. , Della Valle M. , Hernanz M. , Henze M. , Osborne J. P. , Page K. L. , Rauch T. , Sala G. , Starrfield S. , Williams R. E. , Woodward C. E. , Zemko P.
Published: August 2018

Nova SMC 2016 has been the most luminous nova known in the direction of the Magellanic Clouds. It turned into a very luminous supersoft X-ray source between days 16 and 28 after the optical maximum. We observed it with Chandra, the HRC-S camera, and the Low Energy Transmission Grating on 2016 November and 2017 January (days 39 and 88 after optical maximum), and with XMM-Newton on 2016 December (day 75). We detected the compact white dwarf (WD) spectrum as a luminous supersoft X-ray continuum with deep absorption features of carbon, nitrogen, magnesium, calcium, probably argon, and sulfur on day 39, and oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon on days 75 and 88. The spectral features attributed to the WD atmosphere are all blueshifted, by about 1800 km s−1 on day 39 and up to 2100 km s−1 in the following observations. Spectral lines attributed to low-ionization potential transitions in the interstellar medium are also observed. Assuming the distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud, the bolometric luminosity exceeded the Eddington level for at least three months. A preliminary analysis with atmospheric models indicates an effective temperature of around 700,000 K on day 39, peaking at the later dates in the 850,000–900,000 K range, as expected for a ≃1.25 M
⊙ WD. We suggest a possible classification as an oxygen–neon WD, but more precise modeling is needed to accurately determine the abundances. The X-ray light curves show a large, aperiodic flux variability, which is not associated with spectral variability. We detected red noise, but did not find periodic or quasiperiodic modulations.
Species conservation profiles of a random sample of world spiders III: Oecobiidae to Salticidae
Authors: Seppälä Sini , Henriques Sérgio , Draney Michael , Foord Stefan , Gibbons Alastair , Gomez Luz , Kariko Sarah , Malumbres-Olarte Jagoba , Milne Marc , Vink Cor , Cardoso Pedro
Published: August 2018

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the most widely used information source on the extinction risk of species. One of the uses of the Red List is to evaluate and monitor the state of biodiversity and a possible approach for this purpose is the Red List Index (RLI). For many taxa, mainly hyperdiverse groups, it is not possible within available resources to assess all known species. In such cases, a random sample of species might be selected for assessment and the results derived from it extrapolated for the entire group - the Sampled Red List Index (SRLI). The current contribution is the third in four papers that will constitute the baseline of a future spider SRLI encompassing 200 species distributed across the world.

A sample of 200 species of spiders were randomly selected from the World Spider Catalogue, an updated global database containing all recognized species names for the group. The 200 selected species where divided taxonomically at the family level, and the familes were ordered alphabetically. In this publication, we present the conservation profiles of 58 species belonging to the famillies alphabetically arranged between Oecobiidae and Salticidae, which encompassed Oecobiidae, Oonopidae, Orsolobidae, Oxyopidae, Palpimanidae, Philodromidae, Pholcidae, Pisauridae, Prodidomidae and Salticidae.
ANÁLISE DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE RECÉM-NASCIDOS ATENDIDOS NO HOSPITAL DE BASE DO DISTRITO FEDERAL COM DISRAFIAS MEDULARES ENTRE 2011 E 2016
Authors: Camila Rufino Gualberto de Brito Bruna , Alves Paulino Kaio , Lopes Ramires Kairala Andréa
Published: August 2018

Disrafias medulares são malformações congênitas que ocorrem devido à falhas no fechamento do tubo neural. Não possuem etiologia ainda totalmente esclarecida, no entanto diversos estudos apontam que ocorre uma interação entre componentes genéticos e fatores de risco ambientais, provocando falha no processo de neurulação, que culminam em manifestações importantes como a anencefalia, a espinha bífida e a encefalocele. Mielomeningocele (MMC) é a forma mais comum, resultante do defeito de fechamento da porção posterior do tubo neural, entre a 3ª/4ª semana de vida intrauterina, presente em 1 de cada 800 crianças nascidas vivas. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos RN com disrafias medulares (DM) internados em uma UTI Pediátrica para correção cirúrgica e as principais comorbidades e complicações relacionadas a esses RN. Estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, análise de 76 prontuários de RN com DM submetidos a correção cirúrgica em um hospital público de referência do DF, no período entre 2011 e 2016. Nasceram de parto cesariana N=58,76,4%, com diagnóstico pré-natal (56,5%), sem diferença estatística entre o sexo masculino (N=39) e feminino (N=37). Das 59 mães que foram acompanhadas no pré-natal, 72,9%,N=43 fizeram mais do que 6 consultas; em apenas 15 havia informação positiva e em 9 negativa de uso de ácido fólico. (77,8% eram nascidos de termo; 73% AIG; 79% com APGAR no 5°min uto entre 7 e 10). Nasceram em hospital de referência para gestação de alto risco 32% desses pacientes, sendo posteriormente transferidos para serviço com neurocirurgia. Localização lombossacra apresentava-se em 77% dos casos. Dos pacientes com MMC rota ao nascer 52,1% apresentaram complicações pós cirúrgicas e aqueles com MMC rota no ato cirúrgico apresentaram 81,3% de complicações. Por ocasião do nascimento 53,4% apresentavam lesão rota, na ocasião da cirurgia essa porcentagem aumentou para 79,2%. Dos pacientes que desenvolveram complicações, 77,1% foram operados com mais de 72 horas de vida (p-valor=0,035). Dos pacientes que apresentaram complicações 61,5% tinham outras más formações:48% do SNC e 39% ortopédicas. As principais complicações pós cirurgia: 40,6% hidrocefalia, 3,8% ventriculite, 2,5% fístula liquórica e 2,5% sepse. A incidência da mielomeningocele no mundo tem diminuído significativamente nas últimas décadas, esse declínio tem sido atribuído em parte à melhora na nutrição materna e suplementação com ácido fólico periconcepcional, como também às avaliações diagnósticas pré-natais. O diagnóstico precoce e o número de consultas do pré-natal possuem grande importância no manejo das DM. O planejamento da conduta pode alterar de forma significativa o desenlace do quadro, diminuindo a incidência de complicações por meio de uma correção antecipada, escolha do tipo de parto e gerência das malformações associadas
VERIFICAÇÃO DA EFETIVIDADE DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA EM PLANALTINA A PARTIR DA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DE DADOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS
Authors: Barros Bomfim Marcela , Da Silva Ribeiro Thiago , Maia Peixoto Henry
Published: August 2018

As condições sensíveis à atenção primária (CSAP) são aqueles agravos cuja incidência é reduzida com a efetiva ação da atenção primária. Assim, essa concepção foi desenvolvida em 1998 como forma de avaliar a efetividade da atenção básica. No Brasil, esse conjunto de agravos foi definido e sistematizado pelo Ministério da Saúde por meio da lista brasileira de CSAP, lançada em 2008. Dentro desse grupo, uma grande parcela é representada pelas doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT), como Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e Diabetes Mellitus (DM), patologias de elevado impacto global, que têm alta morbidade e alta mortalidade, quando estão presentes suas complicações. Ressalta-se que essas doenças, por serem preveníveis ao nível da atenção básica, devem ter seu perfil epidemiológico traçado a fim de orientar política publicas apropriadas. No Brasil, as DCNT foram responsáveis por 72,6% das mortes em 2013, com as doenças do aparelho circulatório responsáveis por 31,3% e diabetes por 5,2%. Nessa perspectiva, o presente estudo Investigou as Internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária (ICSAP) - associadas à HAS e à DM - na Região Administrativa de Planaltina/DF entre anos de 2004 e 2013. Metodologia: A partir dos bancos de dados do Sistema de Internação Hospitalar (SIH-SUS), foram selecionados, entres os registros provenientes do Hospital Regional de Planaltina, as seguintes ICSAP: hipertensão, angina, insuficiência cardíaca, doenças cerebrovasculares e diabetes mellitus. Os casos selecionados foram tabulados e analisados no software SPSS® versão 20.0, utilizando como variáveis de análise sexo, faixa etária, dias de internação, CID diagnóstico e óbito. Resultados e discussão: Entre 2004 e 2013, foram identificadas 7.525 internações, destas, 13,9% representam o primeiro ano analisado e menos de 5% o último ano. Das internações, a maioria dos pacientes é representada por homens (50,03%), acima de 60 anos (53,97%), que permaneceram, em média, 7,81 dias internados, com um dos quatro diagnósticos: Insuficiência cardíaca (I50), Diabetes Mellitus (E14), Hipertensão essencial (primária) (I10) ou Acidente Vascular Cerebral (I64) – somando 94%. O custo médio de internação foi de R$470,95, totalizando R$3.543.927,22, e a porcentagem de óbito foi de 9,5%. Além disso, foi observada a redução das internações ao longo dos anos (2004 - 13,9%; 2007 – 10,3%; 2010 – 8,8%; 2011 – 7% e 3,8% - 2013), o que pode ser associado a maior efetividade da atenção básica. Portanto, como as DCNT possuem grande representatividade, tanto em termos quantitativos quanto em econômicos, e por se tratarem de internações preveníveis, o investimento e a intervenção se tornam essenciais para que a atenção básica seja mais efetiva e, consequentemente, as internações por CSAP sejam mínimas
Co-exposure effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Metals on antioxidant systems and DNA in the fish Hoplias intermedius
Authors: Disner Geonildo Rodrigo , Guiloski Izonete Cristina , Klingelfus Tatiane , Silva Laís Fernanda Oya , Lirola Juliana Roratto , Assis Helena Cristina Silva de , Cestari Marta Margarete
Published: August 2018

Metallic nanoparticles are one of the most produced and used engineered nanomaterial and their wide applications lead to environmental contamination. The aquatic environment is the major recipient of wastes containing nanoparticles and other co-occuring contaminants. We aimed to evaluate genotoxic and biochemical effects of acute exposure to nano-TiO2 in the fish Hoplias intermedius and the interaction to metals. Besides assessing the nanoparticles’ physical-chemical properties we performed an acute exposure with 0.1; 1; 10 μg g-1 nano-TiO2, alone and with lead (21 μgg-1) and aluminium (50 μgg-1). A set of biomarkers were evaluated in the liver such as genotoxicity by comet assay and biochemical biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, EROD, GST). Most of the biomarkers were altered by the metals, and the nanoparticles caused decrease in SOD (0.1 and 1μg g-1), GSH (1μg g-1), and GST (0.1 μg g-1). In co-exposure, some metal effects were attenuated. There was an increase in EROD activity for most co-exposure groups. Nano-TiO2 was not genotoxic in the experimental conditions. We did not observe any increase in DNA breaks in co-exposure, although, nanoparticles changed the response of some biochemical biomarkers.
Impact of mineral dust on shortwave and longwave radiation:
evaluation of different vertically-resolved parameterizations in 1-D
radiative transfer computations
Authors: Granados-Muñoz Maria José , Sicard Michael , Román Roberto , Benavent-Oltra Jose Antonio , Barragán Rubén , Brogniez Gerard , Denjean Cyrielle , Mallet Marc , Formenti Paola , Torres Benjamín , Alados-Arboledas Lucas
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Aerosol radiative properties are investigated in South-eastern Spain during a dust event on June 16–17, 2013 in the framework of the ChArMEx/ADRIMED (Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment/Aerosol Direct Radiative Impact on the regional climate in the MEDiterranean region) campaign. Particle optical and microphysical properties from ground-based sun/sky photometer and lidar measurements, as well as in situ measurements onboard the SAFIRE ATR 42 French research aircraft are used to create a set of different levels of input parameterizations which feed the 1-D radiative transfer model (RTM) GAME (Global Atmospheric ModEl). We consider three datasets: 1) a first parametrization based on the retrievals by an advanced aerosol inversion code (GRASP; Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) applied to combined photometer and lidar data; 2) a parameterization based on the photometer columnar optical properties and vertically-resolved lidar retrievals with the two-component Klett-Fernald algorithm; and 3) a parametrization based on vertically-resolved optical and microphysical aerosol properties measured in situ by the aircraft instrumentation. Once retrieved, the outputs of the RTM in terms of both shortwave and longwave radiative fluxes are contrasted against ground-, satellite- and in situ airborne measurements. In addition, the outputs of the model in terms of the aerosol direct radiative effect are discussed with respect to the different input parameterizations. Results show that calculated atmospheric radiative fluxes differ no more than 7 % to the measured ones. The three parametrization datasets produce aerosol radiative effects with differences up to 10 W m−2 in the shortwave spectral range (mostly due to differences in the aerosol optical depth), and 2 W m−2 for the longwave (mainly due to differences in the aerosol optical depth but also to the coarse mode radius used to calculate the radiative properties). The study reveals the complexity of parameterizing 1-D RTMs as sizing and characterising the optical properties of mineral dust is challenging. The use of advanced remote sensing data and processing, in combination with closure studies on the optical/microphysical properties from in situ aircraft measurements when available, is recommended.