bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EDWARDIAN ERA: WHOSE HISTORIES?
Authors: Adler Kathleen
Published: December 2013

The Edwardian Era edited by Jane Beckett and Deborah Cherry, Oxford, Phaidon Press Limited and Barbican Art Gallery, 1987, 176 pp., 41 colour plates, 189 b. and w. illus., £12.95
BLIZZARDS OF ASSOCIATION
Authors: Fer Briony
Published: December 2013

Tatlin edited by Larissa Zhadova, London: Thames and Hudson, 1988, 533 pp., 76 colour plates, 350 b. and w. illus., £40

Varvara Stepanova: A Constructivist Life by Alexander Lavrentiev, edited and introduced by John E. Bowlt, London: Thames and Hudson, 1988, 190 pp., 72 colour plates, 270 b. and w. illus., £28
SITE UNSEEN: PHOTOGRAPHY IN THE COLONIAL EMPIRE: IMAGES OF SUBCONSCIOUS EROTICISM
Authors: Coombes Annie E. , Edwards Steve
Published: December 2013

The Colonial Harem by Malek Alloula, trans. Myrna and Wlad Goldzich, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1987, 135 pp., 90 b. & w. illus., £9.95

From Site to Sight. Anthropology, and the Power of Imagery by Melissa Banta and Curtis M. Hinsley, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Peabody Museum Press, 1986, 136 pp., $26.00

Images of Women. The Portrayal of Women in Photography of the Middle East 1860–1950 by Sarah Graham‐Brown, London: Quartet Books, 1988, 274 pp., £22.00

Africa Then. Photographs 1840–1918 by Nicolas Monti, London: Thames and Hudson, 1987, 175 pp., £20.00
ENGRAVED NEW WORLD
Authors: Wrigley Richard
Published: December 2013

French Caricature and the French Revolution, 1789–1799, catalogue, by Cynthia Burlingham and James Cuno, with essays by James Cuno, Michel Melot, Lynn Hunt, Claude Langlois, Ronald Paulson, Albert Boime and Klaus Herding, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988, 280 pp., 16 colour plates, over 200 b. & w. illus., $60.00 hardback, $29.95 paper. The exhibition took place at the Grunwald Center for the Graphic Arts, Wight Art Gallery, University of California, Los Angeles. Published in conjunction with an exhibition co‐organized by the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris, as part of ‘1789–1989, The French Revolution: A UCLA Bicentennial Program’
PYMMING AND DEWING
Authors: Saint Andrew
Published: December 2013

The Garden City Utopia: A Critical Biography of Ebenezer Howard by Robert Beevers, London: Macmillan, 1988, 206 pp., 10 b. & w. illus., £29.50

The Architectural and Social History of Cooperative Living by Lynn F. Pearson, London: Macmillan, 1988, 274 pp., 24 b. & w. illus., 14 figs., £35.00

Welwyn Garden City: A Town Designed for Healthy Living by Maurice de Soissons, Cambridge: Publications for Companies, 1988, 258 pp., 43 colour plates, 151 b. & w. illus., 7 figs., £19.95
CLUTCHING FALSE GODS
Authors: Holberton Paul
Published: December 2013

Giorgione's Tempest: Interpreting the Hidden Subject by Salvatore Settis, translated by Ellen Bianchini, Cambridge, Polity Press, 189 pp., 69 b. & w. illus., £25.00
‘SITUATIONS’: TALES OF TINY EPIPHANIES AND RADIANT TRANSGRESSIONS
Authors: Rogoff Irit
Published: December 2013

Lipstick Traces — A Secret History of the 20th Century by Greil Marcus, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, and London: Secker and Warburg, 496 pp., 80 illus., £31.95
COUNTRY HOUSE OR CASTLE IN THE AIR?
Authors: Friedman Alice T.
Published: December 2013

The Building of Castle Howard by Charles Saumarez Smith, London: Faber and Faber, 1990, 239 pp., 55 b. & w. illus., 5 figs., £17.99
CRYSTAL PALACE REVISITED, ONCE AGAIN
Authors: Purbrick Louise
Published: December 2013

The Commodity Culture of Victorian England. Advertising and Spectacle, 1851—1914 by Thomas Richards, London: Verso, 1991, 306 pp., 50 b. & w. illus., £11.95
MATTER, MODEL AND MODERNISM
Authors: Melville Stephen
Published: December 2013

Painting as Model by Yves‐Alain Bois, Cambridge, Mass and London: MIT Press 1990, 327 pp., 88 b. & w. illus., £35.95
DÉCORATION: MODERNISM'S ‘OTHER’
Authors: Gronberg Tag
Published: December 2013

L'Art de Vivre: Decorative Arts and Design in France 1789–1989 by Catherine Arminjon et al., London: Thames and Hudson, 1989, 256 pp., 360 col. plates, 87 b. & w. illus., £38.00

French Decorative Art 1900–1942: The Société des Artistes Décorateurs by Yvonne Brunhammer and Suzanne Tise, Paris: Flammarion, 1990, 288 pp., 80 col. plates, 252 b. & w. illus., £50.00

Modernism and the Decorative Arts in France: Art Nouveau to Le Corbusier by Nancy J. Troy, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1991, 300 pp., 22 col. plates, 163 b. & w. illus., £25.00
WIDENING CONTEXTS FOR MODERN GERMAN SCULPTURE BEFORE 1945
Authors: Ranfft Erich
Published: December 2013

‘Degenerate Art’: The Fate of the Avant‐Garde in Nazi Germany by Stephanie Barron, with contributions by Peter Guenther, Andreas Hüneke, Annegret Janda, et al., exh. cat., Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, and New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1991, 423 pp., 586 b. & w. illus., 164 col. plates, £55.00

Georg Kolbe — Leben und Werk. Mit dem Katalog der Kolbe‐Plastiken im Georg‐Kolbe‐Museum by Ursel Berger, Berlin: Georg‐Kolbe‐Stiftung and Gebr. Mann Verlag, 1990, 430 pp., 300 monochrome illus., £28.00

Will Lammert (1892–1957): Plastik und Zeichnungen by Ludwig Horst‐Jörg (ed.), with contributions by Angela Grütz and Marlies Lammert, exh. cat., Berlin (East): Akademie der Künste zu Berlin, 1992, 132 pp., 126 b. & w. illus., pbk. DM 25,‐

Käthe Kollwitz: Druckgraphik, Handzeichnungen, Plastik by Herwig Guratzsch (ed.), with contributions by Karl Arndt, Werner Timm and Alexandra von dem Knesebeck, exh. cat., Stuttgart: Verlag Gerd Hatje, 1990, 256 pp., 186 b. & w. illus., 14 col. plates, pbk. £25.00

Die Kunst Lehmbrucks by Dietrich Schubert, Worms: Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, and Dresden: Verlag der Kunst, 1990 (rev. and enl. 2nd ed., 1st ed. 1981), 530 pp., 267 b. & w. illus., 16 col. plates, DM 96,‐

Expressionismus und Exil. Die Sammlung Ludwig und Rosy Fischer, Frankfurt am Main by Georg Heuberger (ed.), with contributions by Ljuba Berankova, Wolf‐Dieter Dube, Cordula Frowein, et al., exh. cat., Munich: Prestel‐Verlag, distributed by Thames and Hudson, London, 1990, 188 pp., 87 b. & w. illus., 60 col. plates, DM 98,‐

Ernst Barlach/Käthe Kollwitz: Berührungen, Grenzen, Gegenbilder by Elmar Jansen, Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag, 1989, 288 pp., 64 b. & w. illus., DM 38,‐

Gerhard Marcks 1889–1981 Retrospektive by Martina Rudloff (ed.), with contributions by Ursel Berger, Klaus Weber, Christian Tümpel, et al., exh. cat., Munich: Hirmer‐Verlag, and Bremen: Gerhard Marcks‐Stiftung, 1989, 387 pp., 350 monochrome illus., 47 col. plates, £35.00

Ludwig Gies 1889–1966 by Bernd Ernsting (ed.), exh. cat., Leverkusen: Städtisches Museum Leverkusen, Schloß Morsbroich, 1990, 245 pp., 262 b. & w. illus., 33 col. plates, pbk. DM 35,‐

Deutsche Bildhauer 1900–1945 Entartet by Christian Tümpel (ed.), in collaboration with Arie Hartog, Liesbeth Jans, Peter van der Coelen, et ad., exh. cat., Zwolle: Waanders Verlag, 1992 (German ed.), 264 pp., 292 b. & w. illus., 16 col. plates, hdbk. DM 68,‐, pbk. DM 38,‐

Domesticity and Dissent: The Role of Women Artists in Germany 1918 to 1938 by Amanda Wadsley (ed.), with contributions by Martin Davies, Marsha Meskimmon, exh. cat., Leicester: Leicestershire Museums, Arts and Records Service, 1992, 128 pp., 46 b. & w. illus., 7 col. plates, pbk. £6.00
Reviews
Authors: Schmetterling Astrid , Smith Charles Saumarez , Wrigley Richard , Barnett Maura , Wainwright Clive
Published: December 2013

Otto Dix 1891–1969, exhibition catalogue, London: Tate Gallery, 1992, 230 pp., 132 col. plates, 50 b. & w. illus., hdbk £35, pbk £25

Sir John Vanbrugh: The Playwright as Architect by Frank McCormick, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1991, 19 b. & w. illus., £19.95

Space and Revolution: Projects for Monuments, Squares, and Public Buildings in France 1789–1799 by James A. Leith, Montreal and Kingston, London, Buffalo: McGill‐Queen's University Press, 1991, 363 pp., 347 b. & w. illus., 14 col. plates, £50.00

Constable and the Critics 1802–1837 by Judy Crosby Ivy, Woodbridge: The Boydell Press in association with the Suffolk Records Society, 1991, 255 pp., 9 b. & w. illus., £29.50

English Vernacular Furniture 1750–1900 by Christopher Gilbert, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1991, 294 pp., 372 b. & w. and 45 colour illus., £40.00
MUSEUMS, HERITAGE AND THE CULTURE INDUSTRY
Authors: Selwood Sara
Published: December 2013

Museums 2000: Politics, People, Professionals and Profit, edited by Patrick Boylan, London and New York: Routledge, 1992, 203 pp., £14.99

Shows of Force: Power, Politics and Ideology in Art Exhibitions by Timothy W. Luke, Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1992, 250 pp., £13.50

Making and Effacing Art: Modern American Art in a Culture of Museums by Philip Fisher, New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991, 276 pp., 37 b. & w. illus., £30.00

The Representation of the Past: Museums and heritage in the post‐modern world by Kevin Walsh, London and New York: Routledge, 1992, 204 pp., £15.99

The Past in Contemporary Society: Then, Now by Peter J. Fowler, London and New York: Routledge, 1992, 192 pp., 50 b. & w. illus., £15.99

Museums and the Shaping of Knowledge by Eilean Hooper‐Greenhill, London and New York: Routledge, 1992, 32 b. & w. illus., 232 pp., £19.99
BEFORE THEORY
Authors: Elkins James
Published: December 2013

Masking the Blow, The Scene of Representation in Late Prehistoric Egyptian Art by Whitney Davis, Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 1992, 299 pp., 53 illus., £38.00
Reviews
Authors: Cox Angela , Deacon Philip , Thompson David M. , Rhodes Colin , Kerr Joe
Published: December 2013

Allan Ramsay: Painter, Essayist and Man of the Enlightenment by Alastair Smart, London and New Haven: The Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, Yale University Press, 1992, 316 pp., 72 col. plates, 142 b. & w. illus., £55.00

Allan Ramsay 1713–1784 by Alastair Smart, Edinburgh: exhibition catalogue, Trustees of the National Galleries of Scotland, 1992, 154 pp., 48 col. plates, 126 b. & w. illus., £29.95 hdbk, £19.95 pbk

Goya in the Twilight of Enlightenment by Janis A. Tomlinson, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1992, 240 pp., 32 col. plates, 70 b. & w. illus., £29.95

Inventing Bergson: Cultural Politics and the Parisian Avant Garde by Mark Antliff, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1993, 237 pp., 8 col. plates, 30 b. & w. illus., £27.50

Twentieth‐Century German Painting: The Thyssen‐Bornemisza Collection by Peter Vergo, London: Philip Wilson Publishers Ltd., Sotheby's Publications, 1992, 386 pp., 118 col. plates, 125 b. & w. illus. £110.00

The Kaufmann Office: Frank Lloyd Wright by Christopher Wilk, London: The Victoria & Albert Museum, 1993, 88 pp., 1 col. plate, 32 b. & w. illus., 35 drawings, £14.95
Documentary values
Authors: Koortbojian Michael
Published: December 2013

Documentary Culture. Florence and Rome from Grand‐Duke Ferdinand I to Pope Alexander VII. Papers from a colloquium held at the Villa Spelman, Florence, 1990 [= Villa Spelman Colloquia, Volume 3] edited by E. Cropper, G. Perini, F. Solinas, with an introduction by E. Cropper, Bologna: Nuova Alfa Editoriale, distributed by the John Hopkins University Press, 1992, 406 pp., 195 b. & w. illus., £34.00
Enemy Views: Recent Work on Wyndham Lewis
Authors: Corbett David Peters
Published: December 2013

Wyndham Lewis the Artist: Holding the Mirror up to Politics by Tom Normand, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992, 230 pp., 58 b. & w. illus., £35.00

‘The Talented Intruder‘: Wyndham Lewis in Canada, 1939–1945 by Robert Stacey, with contributions by Catherine M. Mastin, Robert Stacey and Thomas Dilworth, exh. cat., Windsor, Ontario: The Art Gallery of Windsor, 1992, 199 pp., 19 col. plates, 223 b. & w. illus., Can. $25.00

Wyndham Lewis and Western Man by Paul Edwards, with chronology and catalogue of plates by Catherine Wallace and a foreword by Angela Weight, exh. cat., London: Wyndham Lewis Memorial Trust and Lund Humphries, 1992, 144 pp., 77 col. plates, 49 b. & w. illus., £18.50

Wyndham Lewis and Western Man by David Ayers, Houndmills, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992, 251 pp., £42.50.

Wyndham Lewis and the Avant Garde: the Politics of the Intellect by Toby Avard Foshay, Montreal & Kingston, London, Buffalo: McGill‐Queen's University Press, 1992, 173 pp., £29.95
Reviews
Authors: Ames‐Lewis Francis , McNeill John , Small Andrew T. , Shaw‐Miller Simon , Jachec Nancy
Published: December 2013

Piero di Cosimo: Fiction, Invention and Fantasìa by Sharon Fermor, London: Reaktion Books, 1993, 226 pp., 55 col. plates, 55 b. & w. illus., £29.00

Stained Glass in England During the Middle Ages by Richard Marks, London: Routledge, 1993, 301 pp., 30 col. plates, 200 b. & w. illus., £80.00.

Fra Angelico: Dissemblance et Figuration by Georges Didi‐Huberman, Paris: Garnier/Flammarion, 1990, 241 pp., 44 col. plates, 54 b. & w. illus., FF475.

Critical Aesthetics and Postmodernism by Paul Crowther, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993, 214 pp., 7 col. plates, £27.50

Art and Embodiment: From Aesthetics to Self‐Consciousness by Paul Crowther, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993, 210 pp., £25.00

Reframing Abstract Expressionism: Subjectivity and Painting in the 1940s by Michael Leja, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1993, 392 pp., 92 b. & w. illus., £35.00
Dürer versus Baldung
Authors: Foister Susan
Published: December 2013

The Moment of Self‐Portraiture in German Renaissance Art by Joseph Leo Koerner, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1993, 543 pp., 1 col. plate, 223 b. & w. illus., £47.95
Towards an Archaeology of Photography
Authors: Jagger Nicholas
Published: December 2013

Photography and the body by John Pultz, London: George Weidenfeld and Nicolson Ltd, 1995, 176 pp., 34 col. plates, 95 b. & w. illus., £6.99

Victorian Photography, Painting and Poetry by Lindsay Smith, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995, xiv + 245 pp., 12 b. & w. illus., £30.00
Working in Tandem
Authors: Gronberg Tag
Published: December 2013

Sonia Delaunay: The Life of an Artist by Stanley Baron in collaboration with Jacques Damase, London: Thames and Hudson, 1995, 208 pp., 115 col. plates, 88 b. & w. illus., £24.95.
Reviews
Authors: Donovan Claire , Barker Emma , Wrigley Richard , Kwilecka Anna , Stieglitz Anne , Schwartz Frederic J.
Published: December 2013

Westminster Abbey and the Plantagenets: kingship and the representation of power 1200–1400 by Paul Binski, published for the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1995, 241 pp., 35 col. plates, 235 b. & w. illus., £45.00

Emulation. Making Artists for Revolutionary France by Thomas Crow, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1995, 364 pp., 53 col. plates, 154 b. & w. illus., £29.95.

L'Art singulier de Jean Huber: Voir Voltaire by Gary Apgar, Paris: Editions Adam Biro, 1995, 240 pp., 32 col. plates, 212 b. & w. illus., 390FF

Art, Architecture and Design in Poland. An Introduction by Stefan Muthesius, Königstein im Taunus: Karl Robert Langewiesche Nachfolger Hans Köster Verlagsbuchhandlung KG, 1994, 108 pp., 120 col. plates, 203 b. & w. illus., £15.00

Invisible Cathedrals: The Expressionist Art History of Wilhelm Worringer edited by Neil H. Donahue, University Park, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995, 217 pp.

The Bauhaus Idea and Bauhaus Politics by Éva Forgács, translated by John Bátki, Budapest, London and New York: Central European University Press, 1995, distributed by Oxford University Press, 237 pp., 10 b. & w. illus., £30.00 hdbk, £14.95 pbk
Biomechanical Evaluation of the Influence of an Intramedullary Pin on the Stability of a Feline Ilial Fracture Model Stabilized With a Bone Plate
Authors: Krebs Renee C. , Roe Simon C. , Lascelles B. Duncan X. , Marcellin‐Little Denis J. , Trumpatori Brian J. , Spodnick Gary
Published: December 2013

Objective

To compare the mechanical properties of feline ilial fractures stabilized with either a plate (P), or a plate and IM pin (P + P).

Study Design

Mechanical study.

Sample Population

Cadaveric cat pelvii (n = 10).

Methods

Feline ilial fractures (n = 20) stabilized with either P or P + P were subjected to 100 nondestructive load cycles, then loaded to failure. Deformation after cycling, yield load and displacement, stiffness and load at 2 mm of displacement were compared between groups.

Results

There were no significant differences between groups for any of the parameters. Variability of data was much larger for the P + P group.

Conclusions

No biomechanical advantage was demonstrated. The P + P constructs were not significantly stronger than plates alone in this acutely loaded cadaveric model.
Pathways to self‐harmful behaviors in young women with and without ADHD: A longitudinal examination of mediating factors
Authors: Swanson Erika N. , Owens Elizabeth B. , Hinshaw Stephen P.
Published: December 2013

Background

Rates of suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self‐injury [(NSSI); e.g., cutting, burning] peak in adolescence and early adulthood; females and individuals with psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses appear to be at particular risk. Hinshaw et al. [Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, (), 80, 1041] reported that young women with histories of childhood ADHD diagnoses reported higher rates of suicide attempts and NSSI than nondiagnosed, comparison women.

Methods

Via analyses of an ongoing longitudinal investigation, our aims are to examine, with respect to both aspects of self‐harmful behavior, (a) ADHD subtype differences and effects of diagnostic persistence (vs. transient and nondiagnosed classifications) and (b) potential mediating effects of impulsivity and comorbid psychopathology, ascertained during adolescence.

Results

Young adult women with a childhood diagnosis of ADHD‐Combined type were at highest risk for suicide attempts as well as the most varied and severe forms of NSSI compared with those with ADHD‐Inattentive type and those in the comparison group; participants with a persistent ADHD diagnosis were at higher risk than those with a transient diagnosis or those never meeting criteria for ADHD. Mediator analyses revealed that, during adolescence, an objective measure of impulsivity plus comorbid externalizing symptoms were simultaneous, partial mediators of the childhood ADHD‐young adult NSSI linkage. Adolescent internalizing symptoms emerged as a partial mediator of the childhood ADHD‐young adult suicide attempt linkage.

Conclusions

ADHD in females, especially when featuring childhood impulsivity and especially with persistent symptomatology, carries high risk for self‐harm. Psychiatric comorbidity and response inhibition are important mediators of this clinically important longitudinal association. We discuss limitations and implications for prevention and intervention.
Behavioural isolation may facilitate homoploid hybrid speciation in cichlid fish
Authors: Selz O. M. , Thommen R. , Maan M. E. , Seehausen O.
Published: December 2013

Hybrid speciation is constrained by the homogenizing effects of gene flow from the parental species. In the absence of post‐mating isolation due to structural changes in the genome, or temporal or spatial premating isolation, another form of reproductive isolation would be needed for homoploid hybrid speciation to occur. Here, we investigate the potential of behavioural mate choice to generate assortative mating among hybrids and parental species. We made three‐first‐generation hybrid crosses between different species ofAfrican cichlid fish. In three‐way mate‐choice experiments, we allowed hybrid and nonhybrid females to mate with either hybrid or nonhybrid males. We found that hybrids generally mated nonrandomly and that hybridization can lead to the expression of new combinations of traits and preferences that behaviourally isolate hybrids from both parental species. Specifically, we find that the phenotypic distinctiveness of hybrids predicts the symmetry and extent of their reproductive isolation. Our data suggest that behavioural mate choice among hybrids may facilitate the establishment of isolated hybrid populations, even in proximity to one or both parental species.
Rapid prey evolution can alter the structure of predator–prey communities
Authors: Friman V.‐P. , Jousset A. , Buckling A.
Published: December 2013

Although microevolution has been shown to play an important role in pairwise antagonistic species interactions, its importance in more complex communities has received little attention. Here, we used two Pseudomonas fluorescens prey bacterial strains (SBW25 and F113) and Tetrahymena thermophila protist predator to study how rapid evolution affects the structuring of predator–prey communities. Both bacterial strains coexisted in the absence of predation, and F113 was competitively excluded in the presence of both SBW25 and predator during the 24‐day experiment, an initially surprising result given that F113 was originally poorer at growing, but more resistant to predation. However, this can be explained by SBW25 evolving greater antipredatory defence with a lower growth cost than F113. These results show that rapid prey evolution can alter the structure of predator–prey communities, having different effects depending on the initial composition of the evolving community. From a more applied perspective, our results suggest that the effectiveness of biocontrol bacteria, such as F113, could be weaker in communities characterized by intense bacterial competition and protist predation.
CpG methylation of dmrt1 and cyp19a promoters in relation to their sexual dimorphic expression in the Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Wen A. Y. , You F. , Sun P. , Li J. , Xu D. D. , Wu Z. H. , Ma D. Y. , Zhang P. J.
Published: December 2013

To better understand the effects of DNA methylation on the expression patterns of dmrt1 (Doublesex and Mab‐3‐related transcription factor 1) and cyp19a (Cytochrome P450 19a) in the Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, quantitative expressions, cellular distributions and cytosine‐p‐guanine (CpG) methylation patterns of these two genes in the gonads were analysed. The results showed that P. olivaceus dmrt1 expression was 70 times higher in the testis than in the ovary (P < 0·05). Its mRNA was detected clearly in spermatocytes and Sertoli cells of the testis, but weakly in the ovary. Paralichthys olivaceus cyp19a expression was 40 times higher in the ovary than in the testis (P < 0·01). Its mRNA was detected clearly in follicular cells of the ovary, but weakly in spermatocytes of the testis. The dmrt1 promoter CpGs were not methylated in the testis, whereas 57·69% were methylated in the ovary. For the cyp19a promoter CpGs, 97·5% were methylated in the testis and 73·33% were methylated in the ovary. These findings demonstrate that P. olivaceus dmrt1 and cyp19a are sex‐related genes with sexual dimorphic expression, CpG methylation levels of the two genes are consistent with their expression quantities, and this epigenetic modification can influence the differential expression of genes in the gonads of P. olivaceus.
Normative values for the oro‐facial Esthetic Scale in Sweden
Authors: Larsson P. , John M. T. , Nilner K. , List T.
Published: December 2013

This study reports the findings and challenges of the assessment of oro‐facial aesthetics in the Swedish general population and the development of normative values for the self‐reporting Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES). In a Swedish national sample of 1406 adult subjects (response rate: 47%), OES decile norms were established. The influence of sociodemographics (gender, age, and education), oral health status and general health status on OES scores was analysed. Mean ± standard deviation of OES scores was 50·3 ± 15·6 units (0, worst score; 70, best score); <1% of the subjects had the minimum score of 0, and 11% had the maximum score of 70 OES units. Orofacial Esthetic Scale score differences were (i) substantial (>5 OES units) for subjects with excellent/very good versus good to poor oral or general health status; ii) small (2 units), but statistically significant for gender (P = 0·01) and two age groups (P = 0·02), and (iii) absent for subjects with college versus no college education (P = 0·31) or with and without dentures (P = 0·90). To estimate normative values for a self‐reporting health status, instrument is considered an important step in standardisation, and the developed norms provide a frame of reference in the general population to interpret the Orofacial Esthetic Scale scores.
Treatment of periorbital infantile haemangiomas: A systematic literature review on propranolol or steroids
Authors: Xu Shiqiong , Jia Renbing , Ge Shengfang , Lin Ming , Fan Xianqun
Published: December 2013

Aim

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of propranolol versus corticosteroids for the treatment of periorbital infantile haemangiomas (IHs).

Methods

A literature review using PubMed, Ovid Medline, EBSCO, Springer, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library, CNKI and associated references before 2 March 2013 was conducted. The main outcomes were distribution of locations, response rate, rebound growth rate, spherical and cylinder power before and after treatment, amblyopia rate and adverse events.

Results

Thirty‐one studies including 425 patients met the inclusion criteria. A total of 70.6% of patients were female, 89.6% of the periorbital IHs were located in the upper or lower eyelid area. The most common administration routes involved oral propranolol and intralesional injection of corticosteroids. The mean response rate was 94.0% for propranolol and 82.3% for corticosteroid (P = 0.001). The rebound growth rate was 13.9% for propranolol and 12.0% for steroids (P = 0.71). Astigmatism was reduced in both propranolol and steroid studies (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001), but a significant reduction in spherical power was only demonstrated in propranolol studies (P = 0.005). A total of 31.1% of patients treated with corticosteroids developed post‐operative amblyopia compared with 16.7% of patients treated with propranolol (P = 0.04). Oral propranolol seemed to induce more temporary adverse events than intralesional corticosteroids administration (24.0% vs. 9.6%, P = 0.006).

Conclusion

Propranolol may represent an effective therapy for periorbital IHs compared with the use of corticosteroids; however, further randomised control studies are needed to compare adverse events.
Congenital chylothorax: Associations and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Downie Lilian , Sasi Arun , Malhotra Atul
Published: December 2013

Aim

Congenital chylothorax is a rare but significant neonatal entity with major morbidity and mortality. The study aims to describe the related associations, management and outcomes of this condition in neonates.

Methods

This is a retrospective case series of all cases of congenital chylothorax admitted to a tertiary neonatal centre in the last 15 years.

Results

Ten cases of congenital chylothorax were identified. Eight infants were diagnosed antenatally and three infants had antenatal pleural drainage. Most infants were ventilated at birth and required immediate pleurocentesis. Post‐natal management included drainage of fluid, ventilation, albumin replacement, octreotide and dietary modification with medium‐chain triglyceride‐enriched formula. Five infants had chromosomal aberrations identified, while a further two had dysmorphic features not substantiated with routine genetic testing. Noonan's syndrome was the single most common underlying genetic diagnosis. Associated anomalies and malformations were present in 80% of the cohort. There were two deaths in the series, both in infants with multiple co‐morbidities.

Conclusions

Congenital chylothorax is a rare condition with overall prevalence of less than a case per year in our experience. Majority of infants had associated chromosomal anomalies and significant co‐morbidities needing prolonged intensive care.
Management of HCV patients with cirrhosis with direct acting antivirals
Authors: Boccaccio Vincenzo , Bruno Savino
Published: December 2013

In recent years, several studies have clearly shown that sustained virological response (SVR) achieved by interferon‐based therapies may delay or reduce the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, liver decompensation and all‐causes of mortality in all categories of patients with HCV‐related cirrhosis, a condition characterized by a wide heterogeneity of clinical features, especially in patients with compensated disease. Unfortunately, the advanced fibrosis stage has been shown to be associated with poor SVR rates and poor tolerance with Peg‐interferon and ribavirin. Therefore, on the basis of its risk/efficacy evaluation, most patients are considered to be ineligible for antiviral therapy with these molecules.

Recently, improvement in the knowledge of the HCV life‐cycle, has resulted in the rapid development of many direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs). Two first generation DAAs, boceprevir (BOC) and telaprevir (TVR), have been approved, and more than 40 new small molecules are still in development. However, only a few individuals with compensated cirrhosis were included in the phase III studies assessing the safety and efficacy of BOC or TVR in naïve and chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients in whom treatment had failed, and patients with either decompensation or end‐stage liver disease were excluded. Therefore, the information available in these patients, which have shown significantly lower SVR compared with patients with mild to moderate fibrosis, are not fully reliable. In addition, in real practice, some studies that have not yet been fully published have shown that triple therapy with these two molecules was associated with low SVR and high serious adverse events (SAEs).
New therapeutic perspectives in HBV: when to stop NAs
Authors: Pérez‐Cameo Cristina , Pons Mònica , Esteban Rafael
Published: December 2013

The goal of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) treatment is to achieve seroclearance of HBsAg. Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) are one of the first‐line treatments for CHB. NAs produce a potent suppression of viral replication but are associated with a low rate of HBsAg seroclearance and a high risk of virological relapse after discontinuation. Because of these reasons, long‐term treatment is needed. They are well‐tolerated oral drugs, and it seems they do not produce important side‐effects in long‐term administration. The duration of NA treatment remains unclear, nevertheless, in some patients NAs can be stopped with a low rate of relapse. HBeAg‐positive patients could discontinue NA therapy if they achieved HBeAg seroclearance and maintain undetectable HBV DNA. For HBeAg‐negative patients, to stop NA treatment is not recommended. In addition to other factors, serum HBsAg titres during treatment have recently been proposed to guide NA‐based therapy duration in selected patients. All patients could be stopped from taking treatment if they achieve HBsAg loss.
Screening for asymptomatic scalp carriage in household contacts of patients with tinea capitis during 1997–2011: a retrospective hospital‐based study
Authors: Dessinioti Clio , Papadogeorgaki Eleni , Athanasopoulou Vasiliki , Antoniou Christina , Stratigos Alexander J.
Published: December 2013

For anthropophilic tinea capitis (TC), household spread and asymptomatic scalp carriage (ASC) is considered an important route of transmission and incomplete clearance. To investigate ASC in household contacts of patients diagnosed with TC in a tertiary hospital in Athens, Greece, we retrospectively reviewed the medical files of household contacts that were screened for ASC from 1997 to 2011. Only 34 household contacts of 15 index cases agreed to come for screening. Thirty‐three (97%) household contacts were asymptomatic scalp carriers. The most commonly isolated species was Trichophyton violaceum (59%). There was a statistically significant association of ASC with the isolated dermatophyte species (T. violaceum, P‐value: 0.029), and with the age of younger than 16 years old (P‐value: 0.005), while there was no association with gender (P‐value: 0.672). A small number of household contacts accepted to proceed for screening. ASC was found in nearly all screened household contacts and was associated with T. violaceum and younger age. The low number of household contacts that accepted screening may reflect the ignorance of the general population about the possibility of ASC among household contacts in case of a patient with TC.
A narrative review of the potential for self‐tanning products to substitute for solaria use among people seeking a tanned appearance
Authors: Paul Christine L. , Bryant Jamie , Turon Heidi , Brozek Irena , Noble Natasha , Zucca Alison
Published: December 2013

Skin cancers including melanoma and non‐melanoma skin cancers are a high‐cost and largely preventable form of cancer. While limiting exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) light via outdoor activities is a focus of public health efforts, indoor UV exposure via solaria or ‘tanning booths’ has also become a cause for concern. In recent decades the availability of less harmful non‐UV self‐tanning products such as sprays and lotions has increased. This review explores (i) the available data regarding the prevalence and behavioural factors associated with use of solaria and self‐tanning products and (ii) data that may shed light on the likelihood of solaria users substituting self‐tanning products as a less harmful alternative to solaria exposure. While there are insufficient data on which to draw a firm conclusion about the potential for substitution, it appears unlikely that most solaria users would readily substitute self‐tanning products in place of solaria exposure. Public health advocates may need to consider whether a robust research study of the cost‐effectiveness of encouraging substitutional use of self‐tanners is desirable, or whether efforts to severely restrict access to solaria may be a better approach.
Giardia duodenalis stimulates partial maturation of bovine dendritic cells associated with altered cytokine secretion and induction of T‐cell proliferation
Authors: Grit G. H. , Devriendt B. , Van Coppernolle S. , Geurden T. , Hope J. , Vercruysse J. , Cox E. , Geldhof P. , Claerebout E.
Published: December 2013

Giardia duodenalis is an important intestinal parasite in animals and humans. The role of dendritic cells (DC) in the initiation of the immune response against G. duodenalis is poorly documented. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that G. duodenalis interferes with bovine DC function. Therefore, the effect of trophozoites and excretion/secretion products on bovine monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (MoDC) was investigated. We assessed MoDC maturation and cytokine production of G. duodenalis‐stimulated MoDC and the ability of these MoDC to take up antigen and induce lymphocyte proliferation. Little or no upregulation of maturation markers CD40 and CD80 was measured, but MHCII expression was increased after stimulation with low parasite concentrations. A dose‐dependent decrease in ovalbumin uptake was observed in G. duodenalis‐stimulated MoDC. In addition, stimulated MoDC induced proliferation of CD3−, γδ‐T‐cells and TCRαβ+ CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cells. Increased transcription of TGF‐β was shown in CD4+ T cells, and increased TNF‐α, TGF‐β, IL‐10 and IL‐4 were seen in γδ‐T‐cells. We found no evidence that G. duodenalis has a regulatory or inhibitory effect on bovine MoDC. MoDC stimulated with G. duodenalis are functionally active and able to induce proliferation of T cells that produce both pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines.
The Impacts of Employee Benefits, Procedural Justice, and Managerial Trustworthiness on Work Attitudes: Integrated Understanding Based on Social Exchange Theory
Authors: Ko Jaekwon , Hur SeungUk
Published: December 2013

Recent public management literature has emphasized the influence of human resource management (HRM) policies, including traditional benefits, family‐friendly benefits, procedural justice, and managerial trustworthiness, on work attitudes. However, little research in public administration has explored more detailed impacts of each HRM policy. This article provides an integrated understanding of the impacts of HRM policies using social exchange theory. In addition, the moderating impacts of procedural justice and managerial trustworthiness on the relationship between employee benefits and work attitudes are examined. Using the Federal Human Capital Survey 2008 data set, the authors find that two types of employee benefits, procedural justice, and managerial trustworthiness are positively related to job satisfaction, whereas family‐friendly benefits, managerial trustworthiness, and procedural justice are negatively associated with turnover intention. The implications of these findings are thoroughly discussed.
Der p2 recombinant bacille Calmette‐Guerin priming of bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells suppresses Der p2‐induced T helper17 function in a mouse model of asthma
Authors: Qu Shuo‐Yao , Ou‐yang Hai‐Feng , He Ya‐Long , Li Zhi‐Kui , Shi Jie‐Ran , Song Li‐Qiang , Wu Chang‐Gui
Published: December 2013

Background and objective

Previous studies have demonstrated that our recombinant bacille Calmette‐Guerin (rBCG), which expresses Der p2 in house dust mite (Der p2 rBCG) suppresses asthmatic airway inflammation by regulating the phenotype and function of dendritic cells (DC) and reprogramming T helper (Th) 0 cell differentiation into different T cell (Th1/Th2/Treg) subtypes. However, the exact role of Der p2 rBCG in reprogramming Th17 differentiation and the relevant mechanisms are not known. The aim of this study was to examine whether Der p2 rBCG‐mediated inhibition of allergic airway inflammation is mediated by regulating Th17 differentiation in a murine asthma model.

Methods

Primary mouse bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells (BMDC) were infected with Der p2 rBCG and adoptively transferred to Der p2‐intranasally sensitized mice. The role of Der p2 rBCG‐BMDC on the regulation of airway inflammation and Th17 cell differentiation was assessed.

Results

Adoptive transfer of Der p2 rBCG‐BMDC suppressed airway inflammation and mucin secretion. Der p2 rBCG‐BMDC inhibited excessive Th17 immune responses but not BCG‐BMDC. Furthermore, Der p2 rBCG decreased jagged‐2 and increased delta‐like‐4 expressions on BMDC to a greater extent than BCG.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that DC plays a key role in Der p2 rBCG‐induced immunoregulation. Der p2 rBCG also displayed a potent inhibitory effect on Th17 differentiation, and these findings increase our understanding of the cellular basis of Der p2 BCG‐mediated inhibition of asthma.
Personal, Behavioral, and Socioenvironmental Correlates of Physical Activity Among Adolescent Girls: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations
Authors: Graham Dan J. , Bauer Katherine W. , Friend Sarah , Barr-Anderson Daheia J. , Nuemark-Sztainer Dianne
Published: December 2013

Background:

Physical activity (PA) declines sharply and rapidly during adolescence, especially among girls, posing a risk for inactivity and obesity in adulthood. This study identified personal, behavioral, and socioenvironmental correlates of concurrent and 6-month longitudinal PA among adolescent girls.

Methods:

Data were gathered from 356 adolescent girls (mean age 15.8 ± 1.2 years; > 75% racial/ethnic minorities) in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area in 2007–2009. Linear regression analyses controlling for age, race/ethnicity, and school were conducted predicting baseline and follow-up levels of total PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) assessed via 3-Day Physical Activity Recall. Models were fit for each correlate individually and for all correlates together, mutually adjusted.

Results:

For concurrent PA, significant positive predictors when adjusting for the influence of all other variables included self-efficacy, support from friends and teachers, and friends’ PA. Total screen time and distance from school to PA resources related inversely to concurrent PA. In mutually-adjusted models, 6-month PA was positively related to self-worth, family support, and parent PA and inversely related to total screen time.

Conclusions:

PA interventions with adolescent girls might be enhanced by involving adolescents’ social networks and also by helping adolescents feel better about their self-worth and athletic abilities.
Opportunities, Barriers, and Constraints to Physical Activity in Rural Queensland, Australia
Authors: Eley Robert , Bush Robert , Brown Wendy
Published: December 2013

Background:

Interventions addressing chronic disease through physical activity are hampered by the low evidence base from rural areas. The purpose of the study was to provide information which may contribute to the development of future policy and strategy applicable to rural Queensland.

Methods:

Six diverse rural shires were chosen. A mixed-method design included more than 100 interviews with community representatives; surveys to 3000 community members; audits of facilities, amenities, and other relevant resources in each shire; and detailed observation during repeated site visits.

Results:

Half the respondents failed to meet Australian physical activity guidelines and 1 in 5 reported no activity. Queensland’s rural communities offer good access to a wide variety of structured and nonstructured activities. Some barriers to physical activity (eg, family commitments) are similar to those reported from urban areas; however, others including climate, culture of exercise, and community leadership are unique to the rural environment.

Conclusions:

Unique characteristics of rural environments and populations affect engagement in physical activity. Promotion of healthy lifestyle in rural environments need to be informed by local context and not merely extrapolated from urban situations. Attention must be paid to specific local circumstances which may affect implementation, adoption and participation.
Detection of Physical Activity Types Using Triaxial Accelerometers
Authors: Skotte Jørgen , Korshøj Mette , Kristiansen Jesper , Hanisch Christiana , Holtermann Andreas
Published: December 2013

Background:

The aim of this study was to validate a triaxial accelerometer setup for identifying everyday physical activity types (ie, sitting, standing, walking, walking stairs, running, and cycling).

Methods:

Seventeen subjects equipped with triaxial accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X+) at the thigh and hip carried out a standardized test procedure including walking, running, cycling, walking stairs, sitting, and standing still. A method was developed (Acti4) to discriminate between these physical activity types based on threshold values of standard deviation of acceleration and the derived inclination. Moreover, the ability of the accelerometer placed at the thigh to detect sitting posture was separately validated during free living by comparison with recordings of pressure sensors in the hip pockets.

Results:

Sensitivity for discriminating between the physical activity types sitting, standing, walking, running, and cycling in the standardized trials were 99%–100% and 95% for walking stairs. Specificity was higher than 99% for all activities. During free living (140 hours of measurements), sensitivity and specificity for detection of sitting posture were 98% and 93%, respectively.

Conclusion:

The developed method for detecting physical activity types showed a high sensitivity and specificity for sitting, standing, walking, running, walking stairs, and cycling in a standardized setting and for sitting posture during free living.
Cycling in the City: An In-Depth Examination of Bicycle Lane Use in a Low-Income Urban Neighborhood
Authors: Noyes Philip , Fung Lawrence , Lee Karen K. , Grimshaw Victoria E. , Karpati Adam , DiGrande Laura
Published: December 2013

Background:

Regular physical activity such as biking can help prevent obesity and chronic disease. Improvements in cycling infrastructure are associated with higher overall cycling rates, but less is known about bike lane utilization in low-income urban neighborhoods.

Methods:

During the summer of 2009, 4 Central Brooklyn streets with bicycle lanes were studied using camcorders to record for a total of 40 hours. Video recordings were coded for behaviors and characteristics of cyclists and motorists. An intercept survey (N = 324, 42% participation rate) captured information on cyclist demographics, behaviors, and attitudes.

Results:

1282 cyclists were observed on study streets. Cyclists were primarily male (80.0%) and non-White (54.5%). 9.9% of motorists drove in the bike lane and parked vehicles blocked the bike lane for 9.6% of the observational period. Of cyclists surveyed, 69.4% lived locally, 61.3% were normal weight or underweight, and 64.8% met recommended levels of physical activity by cycling 30+ minutes/day on 5+ days of the past week.

Conclusions:

Bicycle lanes were used by local residents of a low-income urban neighborhood. Compared with neighborhood residents overall, cyclists reported better health and health behaviors. Enhancing infrastructure that supports active transportation may be effective in reducing health inequities in low-income urban communities.
Flaxseed and its lignan and oil components: can they play a role in reducing the risk of and improving the treatment of breast cancer?
Authors: Mason Julie K. , Thompson Lilian U.
Published: December 2013

Flaxseed (FS), rich in the phytoestrogen lignans and α-linolenic acid-rich oil, has been suggested to have an anticancer effect. Questions remain whether FS and its lignan and oil components are effective in reducing breast cancer risk and tumour growth, and can interact beneficially with breast cancer drugs. To find answers, in vitro, animal, observational, and clinical studies on FS and its lignan and oil components were reviewed. The majority of studies in various rodent models show that 2.5%–10% FS diet or the equivalent amount of lignan or oil reduces tumour growth. Ten percent FS and equivalent lignans do not interfere with but rather increase the effectiveness of tamoxifen (80 mg/day) while the 4% FS oil increases trastuzumab/Herceptin (2.5 mg/kg) effectiveness. Observational studies show that FS and lignan intake, urinary excretion, or serum levels are associated with reduced risk, particularly in postmenopausal women. Lignans reduce breast cancer and all-cause mortality by 33%–70% and 40%–53%, respectively, without reducing tamoxifen effectiveness. Clinical trials show that FS (25 g/day with 50 mg lignans; 32 days) reduces tumour growth in breast cancer patients and lignans (50 mg/day; 1 year) reduces risk in premenopausal women. Mechanisms include decreased cell proliferation and angiogenesis and increased apoptosis through modulation of estrogen metabolism and estrogen receptor and growth factor receptor signalling pathways. More clinical trials are needed but current overall evidence indicates that FS and its components are effective in the risk reduction and treatment of breast cancer and safe for consumption by breast cancer patients.