bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution of the main taxa and dominant species of macrobentos in the seas of the East Arctic
Authors: Kolpakov E. V. , Nuzhdenko S. A. , Sokolenko D. A.
Published: April 2022

Macrobenthos of soft bottoms on the shelf of two Arctic seas was investigated in the survey conducted aboard RV TINRO in August-September 2015. The area of 32,800 km2 in the depth range of 15–34 m was researched in the East Siberian Sea where 13 taxonomic groups of bottom fauna were found, mainly Bivalvia (75.9 % by biomass). The area of 22,500 km2 in the depth range of 45–96 m was surveyed in the Laptev Sea, where 20 groups of macrobenthos were identified, with predominance of Polychaeta (34.1 %), Bivalvia (27.7 %), and Sipuncula (21.2 %), by biomass. Significant changes in structure of benthic communities are revealed on the external shelf of the Laptev Sea (below of 70 m), in comparison with the data of previous years, possibly caused by warming of the environments: the previously dominated group of Ophiuroidea was replaced by Sipuncula. Although the dominant groups were widely occurred, their quantitative distribution was neither uniform nor similar. The dominant species had different trophic habits and occupied disjointed zones with domination of sestonophages or detritophages, in dependence on the habitat conditions. The average abundance and biomass of macrobenthos were assessed as 881 ± 174 ind./m2 and 149.2 ± 25.5 g/m2 in the East Siberian Sea, and 251 ± 32 ind./m2 and 71.0 ± 13.0 g/m2 in the Laptev Sea, respectively.
Macrozoobenthos of the Olyutorsky Bay (Bering Sea) a quarter of century later: composition, distribution, communities
Authors: Nadtochy V. A. , Kolpakov N. V.
Published: April 2022

Results of two bottom grab surveys in the Olyutorsky Bay of the Bering Sea conducted in 1985 (37 stations with 60 samples in the depth range of 20–200 m) and 2012 (26 stations with 48 samples at the depths of 51–270 m) are compared. Average biomass of macrozoobenthos was rather stable: 561.1 ± 95.2 g/m2 in 1985 and 581.3 ± 94.5 g/m2 in 2012. Sea urchins, bivalves and polychaetes dominated by biomass in 1985 (84.7 % of the total biomass for these 3 groups), but sipunculids appeared in the list of the dominant taxonomic groups in 2012 when 91.3 % of the total biomass consisted of the top 4 groups. The main communities of macrozoobenthos practically retained their location and quantitative parameters. There is concluded that composition, distribution and abundance of macrozoobenthos in the Olyutorsky Bay were stable over a quarter of century.
Long-term changes in thermal conditions on the surface of the Far-Eastern Seas and North-West Pacific and their relationship with large-scale climate processes
Authors: Khen G. V. , Ustinova E. I. , Sorokin Yu. D.
Published: April 2022

Previously published results of the study [Khen et al., 2019b] are continued. Long-term changes of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the Far-Eastern Seas and North-West Pacific (NWP) are described for 1950–2019 and their relationship with large-scale climate processes described by climatic indices (AO, Nino 3.4, PDO, ALPI, NPI, PNA, SHI, and WP) is analyzed. SST has increased in all seasons, with higher rate in winter and autumn and less significant trend in summer. A prominent shift to warmer regime occurred in the Bering Sea in 1977 that coincided with a sharp change in dynamics of PDO, ALPI, NPI, and PNA indices. Such shifts were observed in the Okhotsk Sea in 1981 and in the Japan Sea in 1990, one year after the shifts in the time-series of AO, PDO, and PNA indices. Smaller shifts to warming happened in NWP in 2008 and 2018. Pacific Decadal Oscillation is the main contributor to temperature variability in the Bering Sea in all seasons, though the contribution of ALPI and PNA variation is considerable in winter and spring. Arctic Oscillation is the most important for the Okhotsk Sea. Variations of AO, SHI and WP are significant for the SST variability in the Japan Sea. Any single climatic index does not determine the SST variability in NWP, in all seasons. The set of climatic indices can be divided into two categories: western and eastern ones, according to their contribution to SST variability in certain regions. The western group includes AO, SHI, and WP, which contribute mostly to the variations in the western regions, westward from the longitude of Kamchatka. The most important indices in the eastern group are PDO, PNA and ALPI.
To the question of the efficiency young pacific salmon at fish farms of the Sakhalin region
Authors: Zelennikov O. V. , Myakishev M. S.
Published: April 2022

Effectiveness of the salmon juveniles feeding was examined during six cycles of fish breeding for pink salmon Oncorhynhus gorbuscha, chum salmon O. keta, cherry salmon O. masou, and coho salmon O. kisutsh at 12 fish hatcheries belonged to the Sakhalin branch of FBSI Glavrybvod with using of different starter feeds produced by Aller Aqua (Denmark) and Aquatech (Russia). All hatcheries worked in the coldwater regime of rearing. Both feeds were rather effective for all species that was evidenced by low feeding coefficients, usually 0.6–0.8. Anyway, average value of the feeding coefficient was lower for the starter feed Aquatech at all factories. Beyond a high quality of this feed, its availability in two variants of flotation was important, as the slowly sinking and floating forms. The floating food was found to be more suitable for the growing juvenile pink salmon at all farms. On the other hand, both starter feeds were suitable for chum salmon, their priority for this species depended on fish farm and obviously was determined by combination of many factors, such as temperature conditions, configuration of canals and ponds, their hydrodynamics, feed dispensers, etc.
Prospects for using fucoxanthin as a functional component of food products and beverages
Authors: Fedotova E. E. , Korchagin V. P. , Vingorodova D. D.
Published: April 2022

Brown algae can be used as raw materials for pharmacological and functional extracts, in particular carotenoids of brown alga Sargassum pallidum are a source for biologically active substances, as a carotenoid fucoxanthin with a wide spectrum of properties useful both for daily preventive consumption and therapeutic diets. Prospects for using S. pallidum as a raw material for extracting the carotenoid fucoxanthin and its further using as a biologically active component in the food industry are considered. The algae were collected in the coastal zone of Peter the Great Bay (Novik Bay of Russky Island) in October 2020, then frozen. Before freezing, the algae were washed and excess moisture was removed. Small pieces of the alga tissue were cut, put into closed packages, and processed for 24 hours by ethyl alcohol with 80 % concentration in a dark place in refrigerator under temperature +7 oC. The obtained alcohol extract was used as a functional addictive for beverages, as iced black tea and juice concentrates. These beverages were examined for organoleptic properties (by the group of 10 experts) and economic value. The apple and red grape juice concentrates with the fucoxanthin extract have the best organoleptic properties. As the final result, technology of functional drinks with alcohol extract of fucoxanthin from brown alga S. pallidum is developed.
On the problem of identification for eggs of alaska place Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus (Pleuronectidae) from ichthyoplankton collections in the northern Okhotsk Sea
Authors: Yusupov R. R. , Yusupov Rus. R.
Published: April 2022

Species composition in catches of the ichthyoplankton survey conducted on June 4, 2021 in the periphery of the Tauiskaya Guba Bay (northern Okhotsk Sea) is considered. Eggs of 3 fish species were collected, the portion of alaska place was 1.3 %. Specific pigmentation of the alaska place embryos was defined that allowed to identify reliably the eggs of this species, in combination with other signs.
Features of fishery and indices of reproduction for pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha of Iturup Island (Kuril Islands)
Authors: Kaev A. M.
Published: April 2022

Annual data on the 1976–2019 year-classes of pink salmon from Iturup Island are presented, as their number on spawning grounds, abundance of wild and hatchery juveniles migrating downstream, and returns of adult fish after the marine period of life. On average, 1.48 . 106 spawners entered annually the rivers of Iturup Island in these years and 237 . 106 fry juveniles rolled down (the downstream migration index was 165 juveniles per conventional producer), plus 133 . 106 juveniles from salmon hatcheries. After fattening in the sea, the annual returns were 16.56 . 106 ind., on average, so the marine survival index was 4.70 %. This is the highest value of the return for the Sakhalin-Kuril region, relative to the area of spawning grounds and to the number of spawners. The year-classes of odd years dominated until the middle 1990s, then the year-classes of even years became more numerous. Biological parameters of fish (body length and weight, fecundity) fluctuated from year to year both for odd and even year-classes, though these parameters averaged for a long period of observation had no difference between the odd and even year-classes, as well as the indices of reproduction efficiency.
Evaluation of a poaching catch for kaluga Huso dauricus and amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii (Acipenseridae)
Authors: Koshelev V. N. , Didenko D. S. , Zykov L. A. , Shmigirilov A. P.
Published: April 2022

Estimations of a poaching catch in the Amur estuary for kaluga and amur sturgeon are presented. Total illegal catch of these species in 2011 and 2016 is amounted as 8,300 and 15,060 ind. or 409.1 and 745.0 t, respectively. The volume of poaching on kaluga and amur sturgeon exceeded in 1–2 orders (in 26–268 times) the legal catch for research purposes and artificial reproduction. The poaching in the Amur is relatively stable through decades.
Sensorial and physicochemical characterisation of snack bar with gum arabic
(Acacia seyal) addition
Authors: Ishak S.F. , Mohd Abd Majid H.A. , Mohd Zin Z. , Zainol M.K. , Jipiu L.B.
Published: April 2022

Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and
hypertension have rapidly increased. The scenario is due to unhealthy eating habits and
unhealthy foods with high fat and oil, and high sugar on the market. A snack bar is one of
the most suitable products as ready-to-eat food. It would be an ideal healthy food due to
consumer demand for fast-growing natural foods. The application of Gum Arabic to
confectionaries (snack bars) in the food industry is still low. Gum Arabic produced by the
stem and branches of Acacia seyal has an excellent functional value of dietary fibre and
the potential as an effective source in the formulation of a high fibre GA snack bar. This
study was conducted to evaluate the sensorial and physicochemical characteristics of GA
snack bar formulation with different concentrations of Gum Arabic of 10%, 20%, and
30%. Sensory analysis was conducted by using an acceptance test which is a 5-point
hedonic scale. The attribute consists of colour, appearance, hardness, crispness, taste, and
overall acceptance. For physicochemical properties, the colour, texture (i.e., hardness and
crispness), pH, total soluble solid, water activity, moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude
ash, crude fibre, carbohydrate, and calorie determination are included. However, the value
of a*, b* and protein were significantly (p<0.05) decreased with increasing the Gum
Arabic concentrations. Besides, there was a significant difference in all attributes for
sensory evaluation except for appearance. In conclusion, the addition of Gum Arabic up to
30% into the GA snack bar caused significantly (p<0.05) increased the lightness (L*),
texture, total soluble solid, water activity, moisture, crude fat, crude ash, crude fibre,
carbohydrate as well as calories.
Volatile compounds and physicochemical characteristics of Thai roasted chilli
seasoning
Authors: Sukchum N. , Chaethong K.
Published: April 2022

Thai roasted chilli seasoning is a condiment used to enhance the taste and aroma of foods,
especially noodles. The characteristics of aroma-active compounds were analysed by
using SPME, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) combined
with descriptive sensory analysis to describe the aroma attributes. The roasted chilli
seasoning was produced by using the optimum mixing ratio and roasting conditions (91°C
for 23 mins). Firstly, the result revealed very low aflatoxin content (0.36 µg/kg) along
with undetected aerobic plate count and yeasts and moulds. The predominant odorants in
Thai roasted chilli seasoning obtained from GC-MS were mainly acid, Strecker aldehydes,
Maillard reaction products, and sulfur-containing compounds. Acetic acid with a pungent
aroma note showed the highest intensity, followed by prop-2-en-1-ol and diallyl disulfide
contributing to garlic and spicy note respectively. Based on sensory evaluation, roasted,
burnt, fatty, garlic-like, onion-like, pungent, spicy and sweet were found as distinctive
notes for Thai roasted chilli seasoning. Maillard reaction products such as 2-methylbutanal, 3-methyl-butanal and furfural contribute to roasted notes, whereas garlic and
onion odour notes are from prop-2-en-1-ol and allyl methyl trisulfide. Acetic acid together
with (E)-2-heptenal and 1-(2-furanyl)-Ethanone contributed to pungent note in the sample,
whereas diallyl disulfide (sulfur-containing volatiles) mainly responsible for spicy odour
Assessment of cyanide content and nutritional composition of odourless fufu
flour produced using different processing techniques
Authors: Ogungbemi K. , Balogun B. , Ajisafe S.S. , Ayangbemi B.T. , Ilori A.O. , Oyewole O.S.
Published: April 2022

The quality of fufu flours has been identified to vary from one location to another and this
may be as a result of the technique adopted for processing. This study was carried out to
determine the effect of different processing methods on the cyanide content, nutritional
composition, pasting and functional properties of odourless fufu flour samples -PMIMD
(Processing method involves multi-crop drying procedure) and PMISF (Processing
method involves stirred frying procedure) which were fermented before drying or frying
and compared with the baseline sample, that was sundried. The results showed that the
cyanide content ranged from 0.25 to 0.41 mg/100 g, with PMIMD having the lowest
cyanide content of 0.254±0.02 mg/100 g, followed by PMISF 0.41±0.03 mg/100 g, which
significantly reduced (P<0.05) when compared to the baseline flour. The moisture content
ranged from 4.34 to 8.21%, with PMIMD having the lowest moisture content (4.34%),
followed by PMISF (7.21%). PMIMD had the highest carbohydrate content. Crude fibre
content was 3.12% (PMIMD), 3.34% (PMISF) and 3.38% (Baseline). PMISF had a better
pasting temperature (78.15oC), while the final viscosity was highest in PMIMD (3797 cP).
From the study, it can be concluded that the processed flours had a reduced cyanide
content which therefore makes it safe for consumption, and its level of moisture content
would greatly be beneficial for an increased shelf-life. Generally, the processed odourless
fufu flours possessed good pasting and functional properties
Evaluation of a colourimetric method for the measurement of oxidation in
butter
Authors: Seki H. , Sugimoto R.
Published: April 2022

Butter is an emulsion of water in oil containing approximately 25% unsaturated fat. It is
used in various types of cooking because of its delectable flavour. However, oxygen
absorption by the unsaturated fatty acids alters its quality. Therefore, oxidation
measurement is essential for the quality evaluation of butter. Although titrimetric analysis
is mainly used for oxidation measurement in butter, it needs a large quantity of samples
and reagents, and the results lack reproducibility. In this study, the colourimetric method
was evaluated to measure oxidation levels in butter. A comparative analysis of the
standard titrimetric methods and the colourimetric method revealed an increase in the
oxidation levels with an increase in time. The findings demonstrated a positive correlation
between the titrimetric and colourimetric methods. Furthermore, the measurement
accuracy of the colourimetric method was less than 10% (1.7–9.5%) on all examination
days. Overall, these findings suggest the efficiency of the colourimetric method to
measure oxidation in butter with increased accuracy.
The Venezuela Dilemma: Why do Sanctions Continue to Fail to Dislodge the Venezuelan Regime?
Authors:   , Jarvie Hamish
Published: April 2022

This paper intends to analyse the reasons behind the continuity of the Venezuelan regimeunder Nicolas Maduro, despite the ongoing sanctions imposed by successive Washingtonadministrations. Sanctions are a staple of the modern diplomat’s toolbox, however if sanctions areunable to produce the desired results this study aims to identify the reasons for this failure. Through case studies of relevant and similar instances of sanctions; both their imposition and their results, the paper questions the established linkage vs. leverage model for understanding sanctions. I argue that while linkage vs. leverage is a useful theoretical framework, it must be built upon in a constructivist manner; taking into account the internal dynamics of the sanction receiver and sender alike in order to understand whether sanctions will achieve their goals.
Impact of Multimedia on Teaching – Learning Process at Public Sector Primary Schools (grade 5th) in Quetta, Balochistan
Authors: Ayub Alia , Kiazai Abdul-Nasir
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This era is the era of technology, rapid increase in the knowledge needs technology for its effective communication. This research focused on the use of multimedia and its impact on teaching-learning process.

Methodology: The pre-test and post-test experimental design was used in this study.  The results of the screening tests and the test scores of the assessed and investigated class were verified to determine the learning outcomes reached between the two groups. Sample of the study was 200. 100 male and 100 female students from 5th grade were selected as sample of this study. Multimedia was used in Pakistan Studies’ teaching. Different difficult topics e.g. map, rivers and their locations, land and its types, etc. were taught by the use of multimedia, which supports the videos and graphical colorful images. The data was analyzed by using statistical package, paired sample t-test.

Findings: The results highlights the use of multimedia as powerful agent in enhancing the teaching-learning process and motivating the students towards learning.

Implication: Policy makers should emphsized on usage of  multimedia in Govt. primary schools. Its a technology should be used as essential part of the teaching as It make the learning not only joyful but also provide in-depth understandings of the difficult concepts.
The Impact Of Nasheman on Capacıty Buıldıng of Hearıng Impaıred (HI) Students
Authors: Saifi Imran Latif , Sumera Syeda , Nayab Dur e
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The main objective of the study was to explore the impact of Nasheman on the capacity building of hearing- impaired (HI) students. The present study was descriptive and qualitative in nature.

Methodology: The population of the study consisted of all the forty eight graduates of Nasheman who have completed their course of skills development from Nasheman. The sample of the study consisted of 14 students, which were selected through a convenient sampling technique. An in-depth interview schedule was used to collect data from selected respondents. Researcher personally visited the selected respondents and interviewed them. Thematic analysis technique was used for data analysis.

Findings: The findings of the study revealed that most of the graduates were successful and living honorable lives. The administrative staff was very welcoming and caring. On the other hand, the teaching staff was professionally qualified and hard working. 

Implications: More institutes like Nasheman should be established all around the country to facilitate special persons to increase and improve their capacities and there should be more diploma courses offered to facilitate a large number of special persons.
Effect of Harassment on the Educational Success of Elementary School Students in District Sialkot, Punjab
Authors: Nayab Dur e , Fatima Ghulam , Jahanzaib Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The major objective of the study was to find the effect of harassment on the educational success of elementary school students in both public and private schools in Punjab.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was quantitative in nature. The study's population included all the students enrolled in Punjab's public and private elementary schools. The sample of the study was 195 students from four primary schools (two public and two private) in the district of Sialkot, Punjab, who were selected randomly. The data was gathered using a self-developed questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.89 (Cronbach's Alpha) that contained 27 items on a three-point Likert type scale (No, To some extent, Yes) based on statements evoking students’ thoughts on harassment. A panel of three professionals in the fields of Gender Studies and Special Education verified the questionnaire.

Findings: Major findings revealed that harassment has a negative impact on students' educational success in the private sector in general and in the public sector in particular.

Implications/Originality/Value: Government and school administration can take bulling prevention initiatives with a focus on raising awareness of the problem and enforcing sanctions.
Examining the Impact of Leadership Competencies on the Performance of Projects: The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction
Authors: Gul Warda , Masood Khansa , Sadiq Imran , Saeed Bushra
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This research aimed to determine leadership competencies (emotional, managerial, and intellectual) on Punjab police project performance (Pakistan). In addition, the study attempted to see if job satisfaction had a mediation effect on the association between Leadership Competencies and project performance.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used quantitative approach Data was collected from 151 members of the Punjab Police Lahore Safe City in Pakistan using a questionnaire and structural equation modeling technique was used to validate the study model.

Findings: This research has a wide range of implications on a scholastic and managerial level. According to the findings, job satisfaction among team members is associated with leadership competency (managerial, emotional, and intellectual competency), as well as "personal growth and development, supervision-human ties, and advancement chances and compensation." The results also demonstrate that intellectual leadership competency can improve team member interactions and strengthen team leader-team member ties by improving interconnectivity.

Implications/Originality/Value: This study is the first to existing empirical evidence supporting the anticipation of considerable advantages from strengthening the competency of police project leaders. This paper adds significant value to the relevant body of knowledge by establishing a correlation between leadership skill, job satisfaction, and project performance.
Creative Writing and Publishing Problems of Educational Research in Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Shabnam , Nawaz Muhammad Hameed
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The reason of this research article is presents some principles establish in creative writing and publishing the article in any journal.  Paper publishing is a very tough job and time-consuming process mostly in Pakistan. Even within Pakistan, there are a lot of journals we have, who making difficult to decide what appropriate venue is for one’s research and creative writing.  Luckily, many of the obstacles along the writing and publishing path can be avoided by following some simple guidelines and practices. Methodology: The methodology of the research paper is supported on literature review and articles. Essential issues and barriers of publishing a research paper in any journal and conference is the aim of this study. By using examples of technology based learning and by explaining from literature review the manuscript acquired an interdisciplinary stance. Findings: findings of the study were made the understanding how to solve problems in creative writing and publishing problems of educational research in Pakistan. (a) Lake knowledge of important parts of a research paper. (b) Lake knowledge of how to describe data in data analyses. (c) Some may have weak critical thinking or brainstorming skills. (d) Some are not able to craft an impeccable research paper which lands in either of the HEC approved journals or in any international journal. (e) Few Researcher try to seek help from some external sources which may appear to offer them cheap research papers but in the end, may eventually rob them of a lot of money and will deliver them deplorable research papers.
Nurses' Experiences Confirmed Positive Covid-19: Qualitative Study
Authors: Ruhyanudin Faqih , Sunardi Sunardi , Efendi Hafidz Shofi Fuad , Azalia Nadila Rosi
Published: April 2022

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) has become a global pandemic worldwide, and the number of incidents increases every day. Nurses who provide care services in contact with patients are a vulnerable group with a high risk of transmission, so it is not uncommon for nurses to feel anxious and afraid to provide patients. This study describes the experiences of nurses who were confirmed COVID-19, including the origin of the exposure, clinical manifestations, the healing efforts made, and their psychological and spiritual experiences. The research design used was qualitative with a phenomenological approach to clinical nurses who had been confirmed positive for COVID-19 and at the time of the study had been declared cured—collecting data using semi-structured in-depth interviews with participants selected by purposive and snowball sampling techniques. This study reached saturation in the sixth participant—data analysis with Colaizzi Measures. The study identified six themes: 1) Lack of courage to report symptoms and carry out examinations, 2) Exposure to COVID-19 at their work, 3) Mild symptoms of Covid-19, 4) The most severe problem it felt was the psychological, 5) Efforts to heal with medication, 6) Support from workplace institutions and colleagues, 7) Religious, spiritual efforts, and 8) The sequelae after being healed. The negative stigma in the community towards covid survivors causes them to hide their illness so that the hospital and the surrounding community don't know about it. When confirmed COVID-19, the participants were in the mild category due to their young age and received the second vaccine. Although the symptoms are mild, they feel a psychological burden in fear and anxiety if their condition worsens. Efforts for healing use a medical approach with medication, recreational, psychological support, herbal treatment, and spiritual support in worship and prayer.
The Effect of Family Social Support and Self Esteem in Improving the Resilience of Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Pandini Intan , Lahdji Aisyah , Noviasari Nina Anggraeni , Anggraini Merry Tiyas
Published: April 2022

An individual's ability to survive determines the success of treatment is called resilience. Family social support and self-esteem are factors that affect resilience and play an important role in the lives of sufferers who are determined to recover. This study aims to find out the relationship of family social support and self-esteem with the resilience of TB sufferers in the working area of Bangetayu Health Center. This research used analytical observational methods with a cross-sectional design, the total sample was 30 respondents with a total sampling technique. The instruments used are medical records, demographic data questionnaires, MSPSS questionnaires, RSES questionnaires, and resilience questionnaires and then data processed with spearman rho tests. Statistical test results found a relationship between family social support and resilience showed a value of ρ = 0,000 (ρ ≤ 0,05) and rho (r) = 0,809 which means there is a very strong correlation, as well as a relationship between self-esteem and resilience that shows the value of ρ = 0,000 (ρ ≤ 0,05) and rho value (r) = 0,787, then there is a strong correlation between variables and accompanied by a positive pattern. Thus, there is a significant relationship and a positive direction of the relationship. This study shows that the higher the family social support and self-esteem, the higher the resilience of TB sufferers.
Descriptive study family informational support for quality of life of visual impairement children in covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Susanti Sentya Rizky , Samiasih Amin , Alfiyanti Dera , Mariyam Mariyam
Published: April 2022

Family informational support for visually impaired children in quality of life must be a concern during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research aim is to describe the quality of life in physical, psychological, social, and environmental of visual impairment children, also to provide family informational support in Covid-19 pandemic at SLB Negeri Semarang. The method of research is a descriptive study with univariate analytics. The total sample is 25 respondent visual impairment children at SLB Negeri Semarang with their parents. This research is using total sampling. Results from it are most of the respondents with visual impairments have a good physical quality of life is about 21 respondents (84%), psychological quality of life in a good category is about 13 respondents (52%), quality of social life in a good category is about 16 respondent (64%), and environmental quality of life in a bad category is about 13 people (52%). Most respondents as a parent of blind children have a good category in family informational support is about 15 respondents (60%). The conclusion is most of the respondents with visual impairment respondent have a good category for quality of life of physical, psychological, social, and bad category for quality of life environmental. Family informational support with parents respondents mostly has a good category. The recommendation is this research can give concern to parents for always giving a family informational support to increase the quality of life of visually impaired children.
Self Care, Personality Traits, and Burnout in Emergency Nurses
Authors: Imardiani Imardiani , Efroliza Efroliza , Rusnida Ella
Published: April 2022

Emergency nurses are health professionals who are very susceptible to burnout. There are many factors that influence nurses' burnout levels, including self-care and personality traits, but the relationship between burnout is still unclear. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between self-care and personality traits on nurse burnout in the emergency room at Palembang Hospital. This study used a design cross-sectional, a sample of 34 nurses was selected by probability sampling technique with the total sampling method. The instruments used in this research are Burnout Maslach Inventory (MBI), Mini-International Personality Item Pool (M-IPIP), and DSCPI-90. Data analysis used Pearson's test for self-care and burnout variables (r=-0.343; p<0.05), while variables personality traits and burnout used analysis with Spearman rho test for value Extraversion (r = -0.286 ; p> 0, 05), Agreeableness (r = -0.357 ; p < 0.05), Conscientiousness (r = 0.201; p> 0.05), Neuroticism (r = 0.436; p < 0.05), and Imagination (r = 0.328; p> 0.05). The conclusion is the importance of maintaining self-care as a factor that can reduce burnout, and the personality traits of nurses need to be known early so that appropriate action can be taken so that nurses can be protected from burnout.
Deep Back Massage as Therapy For Labor Pain In The 1st Stage
Authors: Rejeki Sri , Novianti Tri Wahyu , Machmudah Machmudah , Khayati Nikmatul
Published: April 2022

Pain is always felt by the mother in the labor process. Pain is a physiological process of the body caused by uterine contractions. The pain felt by the mother ranged from mild to severe pain. Severe pain can result in neurogenic shock, so the labor process takes a long time. Therefore, this pain needs to be treated. Non-pharmacological pain therapy is an alternative to reduce labor pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of back massage (deep back massage) on the intensity of labor pain in the first stage. This study uses the Quasy Experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique used purposive sampling and obtained 35 intrapartum mothers with the inclusion criteria: Mothers with term pregnancy (37-41 weeks), vaginal delivery in the first stage of the active phase, up to 10 cm, single fetus and mother can communicate verbally. Before doing back massage therapy, the mother was given a sheet. The study was carried out according to the procedure, namely giving a massage on the back for 20 minutes then the intensity of pain was measured by NRS (Numeric rating scale) post-test with a distance of 5-10 minutes after being given a back massage. The data after the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and Wilcoxon test data analysis showed that before the back massage the mean was 6.23, while after the back massage the mean was 5.14. The results of the analysis show p-value = 0.000 (0.000). Conclusion: There is an effect of back massage on the intensity of maternal pain in the first stage of labor
Aerobic Exercise Reduce Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sianturi Roni , Mustofa Akhmad
Published: April 2022

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a metabolic disease caused by disruption of insulin action and characterized by hyperglycemia. Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus needs to be done to achieve optimal glycemic control to prevent various complications. Aerobic exercise walking is a way to lower blood glucose that is easy for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Determine the effect of aerobic exercise in lowering blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study is a literature review with the PICOC method for searching articles on databases such as Pubmed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Proquest. The articles that were reviewed were limited to 2015-2020 and the types of research were quasi-experiments and randomized control trials. Seven articles match in criteria, four international articles and three national articles. Analysis of the articles showed that the characteristics of respondents were 49-65 years old, 209 men, 191 women, the average duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 5.3-9 years and the average HbA1C value was 6.4% - 8.4%. Glucose value in the research article showed a decrease in various glucose indicators such as HbA1C, capillary glucose, fasting glucose, and continuous glucose monitoring. Aerobic exercise in the frequency of seven days to 25 weeks with moderate to vigorous intensity, 15-60 minutes of exercise time/session, and the type of exercise is walking on a treadmill, walking 10,000 steps/day, and brisk walking. Aerobic walking exercise can lower blood glucose and is easily done by people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
ALUR DRAMATIK KESENIAN TRADISIONAL SIDALUPA DI ACEH BARAT
Authors: Susandro Susandro
Published: April 2022

Sidalupa art, on the one hand, is a form of dance without a particular pattern or technique accompanied by serunee and rapa'i music. On the other hand, sometimes it is also made into a form of theatrical performance, marked by the presence of actors, musicians, costume makers, and directors in the process. Today, Sidalupa's art is also packaged with cinematic techniques. This article aims to describe the dramatic flow of Sidalupa art produced by the Datok Rimba and Buraq Lam Tapa art studios in West Aceh which has been produced cinematically based on the ideas of Gustav Freytag; exposition, complication, climax, resolution, and conclusion. This research approach is qualitative with descriptive-analytical method. The techniques applied are video-analysis, observation, content-analysis, literature study, and interviews. The result was that Sidalupa's artistic creation, produced by the Datok Rimba Art Studio, contained quite complex dramatic elements, as did Freytag's idea. Likewise, the chain of events presented shows a coherent series of causes and effects. Meanwhile, the work of the Buraq Lam Tapa group seems to tend to disguise stories and characters as elements that drive events. In other words, it does not contain the complex dramatic elements as stated by Freytag.Keywords: Dramatic Plot; Sidalupa Art; West Aceh.ABSTRAKKesenian Sidalupa, di satu sisi, ialah sebentuk tarian tanpa pola atau teknik tertentu yang diiringi musik serunee dan rapa’i. Di lain sisi, terkadang juga digarap menjadi sebentuk pertunjukan teater, ditandai dengan adanya aktor, pemusik, pembuat kostum, dan sutradara dalam proses garapannya. Dewasa ini, kesenian Sidalupa dikemas pula dengan teknik sinematik. Artikel ini bertujuan memaparkan alur dramatik kesenian Sidalupa produksi Sanggar Seni Datok Rimba dan Buraq Lam Tapa di Aceh Barat yang digarap secara sinematik berlandaskan pada gagasan Gustav Freytag; eksposisi, komplikasi, klimaks, resolusi, dan konklusi. Pendekatan penelitian ini ialah kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis. Teknik yang diterapkan adalah video-analisis, observasi, konten-analisis, studi pustaka, dan wawancara. Hasil yang didapati ialah garapan kesenian Sidalupa produksi Sanggar Seni Datok Rimba memuat unsur dramatik yang cukup kompleks, sebagaimana gagasan Freytag. Begitu pula dengan jalinan peristiwa yang dihadirkan, menunjukkan rangkaian sebab-akibat yang runtut. Sedangkan garapan kelompok Buraq Lam Tapa, terkesan cenderung menyamarkan cerita dan tokoh sebagai unsur penggerak peristiwa. Dengan kata lain, tidak memuat unsur dramatik yang kompleks sebagaimana dikemukakan Freytag.Kata Kunci: Alur Dramatik; Kesenian Sidalupa; Aceh Barat
COMPARISON OF MRF AND CBF STRUCTURAL RESPONSE TO EARTQUAKE IN OFFICE BUILDING SURABAYA
Authors: Santoso Adi Nugroho , Sumaidi
Published: April 2022

Indonesia is a country that prone earthquakes. Therefore, knowledge of earthquake-resistant building construction is needed in reducing the risk of damage caused by earthquakes. There are several methods of earthquake-resistant construction planning, one of which is the pushover analysis method. Pushover is a nonlinear static analysis method in which the structure is subjected to gravity loading and displacement-controlled lateral loads which continue to increase through elastic and inelastic behavior until the final condition. One of the popular construction materials in structural planning is steel construction, which has a uniform structure, lightweight, strong, and easy to work with. In modeling earthquake-resistant structures, several popular models are the MRF and CBF models. MRF is a structural configuration model configured on beams that are firmly connected to columns. Based on a rigid beam-column connection, the moment frame cannot be moved laterally without bending the beam or column depending on the connection geometry. Results The case study on the comparison of the two structural models concluded that in the design of earthquake-resistant steel structures using the pushover method, it was found that the MRF structure had higher ductility than the CBF, namely 2.1:1.6.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF TRADITIONAL MARKET’S FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURES
Authors: Irawati  , Setyowati Tri , Midiyanti Rima
Published: April 2022

Pasar Anyar is an A class people’s market managed by PD. Pasar Bermartabat Bandung. The land of this market has an area of 10,190 m2 and the building has an area of 9,350 m2. In 2017, the trading area for meat and vegetables was constructed, in 2019 the roof was repaired, and in 2021 the management office was repaired. The building of Pasar Anyar has exceeded its economic age and has unorganized trading zones. The facilities and infrastructures are dirty and damaged, also some infrastructure has not available yet. The purpose of this research is to find out the performance of Pasar Anyar’s facilities and infrastructure. This evaluation of Pasar Anyar uses performance indicators of facilities and infrastructure, namely accessibility, facilities, convenient, and spacial and building layout. The research methods used are descriptive with qualitative and quantitative approaches, data analysis techniques with building and technical statistical requirements, and data collection techniques using observations, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation studies. The results showed that the facilities and infrastructure of Pasar Anyar are not in accordance with people’s market standards. Therefore, redeveloping the damaged facilities and infrastructures is needed to be done. Additionally, build infrastructures that has yet to be available is required.
SHALLOW FOUNDATION BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS BASED ON CONE PENETRATION TEST
Authors: Sari Undayani Cita , Cholida Nur Fithriani Fatma , Sholeh Moh Nur , Pratama M Mirza
Published: April 2022

In the simple buildings, shallow foundations can be used to support the construction above them. This shallow foundation has various types, including the type of footplate which can be calculated using the Terzaghi equation. In the Terzaghi equation, it requires dimension parameters of the footing and soil material parameters such as cohesion and soil volume weight which requires laboratory testing to obtain it. Meanwhile, Schmertmann provides an equation to obtain the Terzaghi bearing capacity factor in the form of Nq and Nγ by using the Cone Penetration Test (CPT). This bearing capacity factor value can be used to calculate the bearing capacity using the Terzaghi Equation. In addition, Schmertmann also provides an equation to directly calculate the bearing capacity value based on CPT data. Based on this problem, this study analyzes the bearing capacity of various footplate dimensions using the Schmertmann approach. The study took place in the Argoboga, Salatiga which the type of soil based on the CPT test value generally is sandy soil. The results show that the bearing capacity calculated by the Nq correlation method is greater than the Nγ correlation method and the direct correlation method. In addition, the greater the difference between the dimensions and the depth of the foundation, the greater the deviation of the bearing capacity results between each method.
EFFECT OF CHANGING IN FREE WATER LEVEL ON THE STABILITY OF RIVER EMBANKMENT
Authors: Feryadi Agus , Gofar Nurly
Published: April 2022

The construction of Levee or river embankment is one method adopted for flood control in Palembang. The stability of the embankment is affected by water seepage inside the embankment due to several factors including rainfall as well as the repeated rise and fall of water surface in the sea due to gravity of moon and sun. Palembang is located 106 km from the east coast of Sumatra, thus the free water surface in Musi river and its tributaries is affected by the sea level. The stability of the levee is affected by the repeated change in the water level which induces changing seepage direction. This paper discusses the stability of levees constructed along Sungai Lacak, one of Musi river tributaries. In this case the stability of the existing levees was evaluated for different conditions of free water level i.e. normal, low tide and high tide. Analysis was also conducted for the case when the levee was constructed following the guidance in Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI 1724-2015) and Guidelines of Public Work Department (2017). Improvement on the stability was obtained if the embankment was to be rebuilt according to the specification given in the standard. The presence of riprap protects the embankment from the effect of changing seepage direction due to the rise and fall of water level, thus increased the safety factor of the ideal levee during high tide from 1.270 to 2.325.
EVALUATION STUDY OF FLOOD DISASTERS IN KELAPA GADING
Authors: Wardaningrum Anastasia Septya , Sudinda Teddy
Published: April 2022

Kelapa Gading is one of the sub-districts in North Jakarta that is often hit by floods, so it is necessary to analyze the causes of flooding and how to overcome them. According to the calculations performed using the Manning Formula, whose results then compared with the planned discharge calculated using the Rational Method, it is established that there are 18 channels from 33 drainage channels which are unable to accommodate runoff discharge that may occur within a 5-year period. Thus, for a period of 10 years, there are 20 channels that are unable to accommodate the existing runoff discharge. Furthermore, from 10 Pumping Stations in a ten years rainy period, there are four pumps that are unable to accommodate runoff discharge with the assumption of 0.2 m inundation. Meanwhile, assuming a 0.5 m inundation, there are seven pumps that cannot accommodate the existing runoff discharge. Therefore, suggestions that can be given to reduce flooding in Kelapa Gading are to enlarge the existing drainage channel and add pumps according to the recommendations. Lack of land infiltration also causes flooding therefore, it is necessary to build 617infiltration wells which are constructed at various points in Kelapa Gading thus making flooding does not occur again.
UTILIZATION OF BLONDOS STONE ON POROUS CONCRETE
Authors: Ginting Arusmalem , Suyono
Published: April 2022

Porous concrete can be used as a drainage system that allows rainfall to percolate into the ground, reduce stormwater runoff, and recharge groundwater. Porous concrete consists of coarse aggregate and cement paste. Stone mining waste in the river, namely medium-sized gravel which is often called blondos stone, has not been used optimally as a building material. Based on these reasons, it is tried to use blondos stone as coarse aggregate in porous concrete. Three variations of the gravel-cement ratio were used, that is: 4, 5, and 6, and 3 variations of the water-cement ratio, that is: 0.30, 0.35, and 0.40.  There are 27 specimens of porous concrete cylinders, and each variation consists of 3 specimens.  Permeability and compressive strength testing after 28 days of curing.  The conclusions of this study are: increasing the water-cement ratio and gravel-cement weight ratio decreases the compressive strength and increases the permeability of the porous concrete. The water-cement ratio and gravel-cement weight ratio have no significant effect on the density of porous concrete. Blondos stone is adequate to be used for the manufacture of porous concrete.
TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AND ENGINEERING WORKS FOR HALIM LRT-HSR INTEGRATION STATION IN JAKARTA-CIKAMPEK TOLL ROAD SEGMENT Km.1+280 TO 1+420
Authors: Pamuji Rachmat , Widyatami Filki Suri
Published: April 2022

The study of traffic engineering management is very different, causing the condition to exist. Traffic Engineering Management (MRLL) can make macroscopic in the pre-feasibility study stage, with concern to guide its macro transportation system, may also include its own details (microscopic). Traffic impact control policies are also included, be it road management efforts, priority management and demand management. As the main project, the project is related to the public road which will giving influence is the interference of over-the-counter so the contractor or the owner of the work must make a real contribution in the distribution of transactions through all that happens. This study was designed using literature and field research conducted and analyzed measurably. In this research, the introduction of the study area is a very important part of preparation in order to better understand the characteristics of the location. The expected results in this study are to analyze the impact that occurs in each condition of the work carried out and provide recommendations for handling the impacts obtained in each of these conditions.