bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dimensionality of food safety and hygiene training programs for food handlers in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Mulungu Choongo , Kapungwe Macmillan , Shimunzhila Lweendo , Simushi Lubinda
Published: January 2025

Globally, foodborne illnesses pose a substantial threat to public health, contributing significantly toillness and death. The behaviors, awareness, and attitudes of food handlers are critical determinantsof food safety. This research aimed to investigate the comprehensiveness and scope of food safetyand hygiene training initiatives targeting food handlers in Lusaka, Zambia. To this end, weconducted a two-phase qualitative analysis and evaluation of available training materials. Thisincluded interviews with 18 food establishment managers/ Human resource officers" should not becapitalized unless it is part of a proper noun. The analysis was conducted manually to identifyemerging themes and understanding the materials to assess the entry requirements for participants,duration of training, qualifications of trainers, topics covered and the delivery methods used. Thestudy found no uniform format for the training materials which also lacked important topics on foodsafety systems and Good Agricultural Practices and Good Agricultural Practices topics.Additionally, the study found poor uptake of the training due to a lack of awareness of legalrequirements, high attrition, training costs, and a lack of established institutions offering the trainingon a regular basis. This study recommends the standardization of food safety and hygiene trainingprograms in Zambia, tailored to the local context. Specifically, the development of a Participant'sHandbook and a Facilitator's Manual is recommended. These resources should outline qualificationsand competencies required for trainers, duration and format of training and entry requirements andprerequisites for trainees
Investigating the Relationship between Occupational Stressors and Behavioral Deviation with the Mediating Role of Organizational Support in Health Care Workers of Najaf Abad City in 2024
Authors: Rahmanipour Mohammadamin , Mottaghi Monika
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between occupational stressors and behavioral deviation with the mediating role of organizational support in health care workers in Najaf Abad city.
Methods: The present cross-sectional correlational study was conducted on health care workers in Najaf Abad city. In this study, all 152 health care workers were selected by total population sampling method and participated in the study after obtaining informed consent, and questionnaires were distributed among them in person. The questionnaire used in this study had four parts, the first part of which was the demographic characteristics questionnaire. In order to evaluate the behavioral deviation, the Binet and Robinson questionnaire was used. In order to evaluate the organizational support, Eisenberger et al.'s organizational support questionnaire was used, and Mohammadreza Saffarzadeh's questionnaire was used to investigate job stressors. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Results: It was observed that 83/33% of health care workers were at an average level of occupational stressors. Moreover, 63/33% of health care workers were at a weak level of behavioral deviation. The mean (standard deviation) of the organizational support variable in the studied sample was 28/08 (1/23). A positive and statistically significant relationship was observed between the variable of occupational stressors and the variable of behavioral deviation (p<0/05).
Conclusion: By increasing the variable of occupational stressors, the behavioral deviation of health care workers also increases to a small amount, and also by increasing the variable of organizational support, the occupational stressors of health care workers decreases to a small amount. Organizations should consider the periodic measurement of the index of occupational stressors of employees to know the level of this index and take timely action.
Postoperative Cauda Equina Syndrome: A Report On 10 Patients with Literature Review
Authors: Hamdan T.A. , Lui Darren , Al-baghdady Alaa Mohammed , Jasim Chasib Raed , Al-Mahfoodh Ali Basim , Habeeb Alshawee Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Background: Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a serious condition used to describe the signs and symptoms of patients with compressive neuropathy of multiple lumbar and sacral roots, though in rare cases no compression was discovered, and probably the pathology is related to ischemic changes, this syndrome is well known as an indication for urgent lumbar surgery. It is very rarely seen after surgery, in this study the authors described 10 cases of CES that occurred following uneventful lumbar spine procedures, all had open lumbar decompression.
Patients and methods: Preoperative, operative and post-operative management will be discussed. Special emphasis on the high index of suspicion and the value of MRI as a diagnostic procedure. The age range between 35 to 70 years, six were female and four were males, six had decompression for lumbar canal stenosis, four had CES following lumbar discectomy.
Eight had urgent decompression after CES while two were treated conservatively. All presented with cardinal clinical features of CES, in seven patients it was complete while in three patients it was incomplete. The relevant literatures were reviewed.
Conclusion: High index of suspicion is required for early detection of postoperative CES Special surgical technique may reduce the incidence of this syndrome. Wide lumbar decompression or other procedures is urgently required when there is positive MRI findings of compression. Full recovery is not always possible.
Comparative Analysis of Traditional and AI-based Demand Forecasting Models.
Authors: Tulli Sai krishna Chaitanya
Published: January 2025

Demand forecasting is a critical function in supply chain management, enabling businesses to predict customer needs and optimize inventory, production, and logistics processes. Traditional forecasting methods, such as ARIMA and exponential smoothing, have been widely used due to their simplicity and interpretability. However, the growing complexity of market dynamics and data patterns has revealed limitations in their accuracy and adaptability. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have introduced machine learning and deep learning-based models, such as Random Forest and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, which offer enhanced performance in handling non-linear and high-dimensional data. This study presents a comparative analysis of traditional and AI-based forecasting models, focusing on their accuracy, computational efficiency, scalability, and interpretability. Using diverse datasets from industries such as retail, manufacturing, and e-commerce, the research evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of each approach. The findings highlight the conditions under which AI-based models significantly outperform traditional methods and discuss the trade-offs involved in resource consumption and ease of deployment. Practical recommendations and future trends, including hybrid models and explainable AI, are proposed to guide businesses in selecting the most appropriate forecasting techniques.
Water vulnerability and environmental impacts in the State of Mato Grosso
Authors: Paula Josiane Batista Santos Carioca de , Lázaro Wilkinson Lopes , Buhler Beatriz Ferraz , Brum Everton Valdomiro Pedroso , Amaral Anderson Marques do , Santos Francisco Lledo dos , Oliveira Junior Ernandes Sobreira
Published: January 2025

In recent decades, Brazilian tropical regions have experienced a significant reduction in water surface, driven by environmental and anthropogenic factors, and the state of Mato Grosso is no exception, as it hosts three biomes (Cerrado, Pantanal, and Amazon). Concerned about climate change and its effects on geo-hydrology, this study aimed to conduct a diagnosis of the water surface in the municipalities of the state of Mato Grosso. We used the AdaptaBrasil and MapBiomas platforms to identify the areas most vulnerable to geo-hydrological disasters and drought. The analysis showed that the geo-hydrological vulnerability index for the state is high (0.69), with 56% of the municipalities at high risk. On the other hand, the drought vulnerability index was low, with an average of 0.26, and 61% of the municipalities at low risk of drought. Although drought vulnerability is relatively low compared to geo-hydrological vulnerability, significant challenges persist, especially in municipalities with unregulated population growth and inadequate water resource management. Municipalities such as Colniza, Cotriguaçu, and Serra Nova Dourada are highly vulnerable to geo-hydrological conditions, while Várzea Grande, Nova Guarita, and Cuiabá are vulnerable to drought. This study emphasizes the urgent need to implement conservation measures and sustainable water resource management, including the restoration of degraded areas and the protection of remaining forests. Additionally, it is suggested that integrating state policies with federal initiatives could strengthen the state's resilience to climate change.
Research, Management and Conservation of Water Resources
Authors: Figueiredo Daniela M. , Fantin-Cruz Ibraim , Senhuk Ana Paula M. S. , Gaydeczka Beatriz
Published: January 2025

This special issue of the Revista Brasileira de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (RBCTI) brings nine unpublished articles, which deal with different approaches related to water resources and water, in a broader way, eight of them carried out in Mato Grosso and one in the state of Tocantins. These are studies developed by professors, undergraduates, graduate students and graduates of graduate programs at public universities, in co-authorship with managers and professors from public institutions. The papers were presented at the 5th Seminar on Research, Management and Conservation of Water Resources (5th SEMIHidro) and were previously reviewed and approved by the Scientific Committee of the event, among the various articles submitted for publication.
Analysis of Urban Stream Water with Effluent Discharge in the West Region of Mato Grosso
Authors: Hurtado Thais Cristina Couto , Silva Eduardo M. Silva e , Oliveira Júnior Ernandes Sobreira , Lázaro Wilkinson Lopes , Bühler Bárbara Ferraz , Santos Francisco Lledo dos
Published: January 2025

Between January 9 and 11, 2024, an expedition was conducted across 12 municipalities in the western region of Mato Grosso to assess the water quality of urban streams receiving domestic effluents. For this purpose, the Water Quality Index (WQI) and a Rapid Assessment Protocol (RAP) were used to analyze water pollution and anthropogenic impacts surrounding these watercourses. One water body was selected per municipality. Water samples were collected downstream of the effluent discharge point for both physicochemical and microbiological analyses. Results indicated that some surface water sources were classified as altered or impacted due to the presence of sewage and vegetation cover removal. Variables such as fecal coliforms and phosphorus exceeded legal limits. Additionally, nine municipalities were classified with a poor WQI level. Municipalities with less efficient effluent management exhibited worse water quality. The study concluded that the region faces serious challenges in effluent management and water conservation. The need for investment in sanitation infrastructure and environmental management is highlighted to mitigate negative impacts, protect public health, and preserve local biodiversity.
Assessment of water volumes granted and water availability in the Azul River basin, Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Suwa Raquel Emi , Kreutz Cristiane , Mezzomo Maristela Denise Moresco , Poleto Cristiano , Damaceno Felippe Martins , Goncalves José Augusto Costa
Published: January 2025

Water plays a crucial role in various activities concerning a watershed. However, the unregulated utilization of water resources and the absence of effective management can jeopardize the diverse uses of water, turning a particular region into a critical area. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of water demands in relation to water availability in the Azul River Watershed, Paraná state, Brazil. To achieve this objective, data on licenses for water resources use issued by the state regulatory agency have been utilized, and the study area was defined using geographic coordinates. By segmenting the hydrographic unit, it is possible to identify different types of water uses (consumptive and non-consumptive), permitted water outflows, specific purposes, and water users. Furthermore, an examination of the conflicts between demand and water availability was also conducted. The findings revealed that the agricultural sector accounted for the highest water withdrawals, with the greatest number of active permits. Additionally, regarding consumptive uses, aquaculture emerged as the largest consumer of water, accounting for 62% of the total water consumption. The water demand of users in the Rio Azul basin cannot be achieved considering the current licensing criteria. This indicates that water resource management requires special attention to the relationship between demand and water availability.
Współczesne problemy zarządzania
Authors: Glinkowska-Krauze Beata , Kaczmarek Bogusław , Chebotarov Viaczeslav
Published: January 2025

Książka jest oparta na analizie teoretycznej i badaniach praktycznych. Stanowi wynik wspólnych międzynarodowych prac badawczych, których większość została przeprowadzona w naturalnym środowisku respondentów. Wykazują one, z jakimi sytuacjami i problemami w zarządzaniu organizacjami spotykają się współcześni menedżerowie. Ułatwiają też menedżerom i przedsiębiorcom zrozumienie konieczności dostosowania się do globalnej konkurencji, która skutkuje przesunięciem akcentów w zarządzaniu. Autorzy dołożyli starań, aby opracowanie miało charakter kompleksowy i żywią nadzieję, że wniesie ono istotny wkład w teorię i praktykę procesu zarządzania organizacjami, a zwłaszcza szczególnym ich rodzajem – przedsiębiorstwami. Publikacja może stanowić przesłankę do zacieśniania współpracy biznesów różnych krajów i do wspólnych badań.
Uwag kilka na temat Brytyjskiego Imperium wczoraj i dziś
Authors: Kujawińska Courtney Krystyna
Published: January 2025

This collection of papers is devoted to the various aspects of British Empire, its origins, existence and legacy. An interdisciplinary character of the studies is reflected in a variety of contexts and perspectives informed by discourses on culture, international relations, and politics. Issues such as the emergence and carrying out of the imperial policy, importance of propaganda, a unique shape and character of the British Empire, as well as an in-depth discussion regarding its legal and political justification play a prominent role. At the same time, much to our regret, a plethora of other, equally important fields, linguistics and cultural studies in particular, are either underrepresented or excluded for reasons beyond our control.
Of special interest are gender issues studied from different angles, including the beginnings of women’s travel narratives that originated in Great Britain. Related to this are the accounts written by British travelers in Poland under the Russian partition, a subject of paramount importance in light of the centennial anniversary of the restoration of Poland’s sovereignty. In a similar vein, British presence in the territories of Poland under partitions is the focus of one of the essays.
Another field of study are legal and political facets of the British Empire and its aftermath. Here, too, one can observe a great diversity in the treatment of topics and choice of approaches: from the rather obscure legal body known as the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, the perception of which as anachronistic is however strongly contested, to the wider issues connected with the imperial policy, or the relation between British socialism and the Empire present in the aesthetic rather than political postulates of the Victorian sages.
Criticism of British colonial legacy is well-known in the academia and regular publications. It could not be overlooked in this collection, either. Post-colonialism is explored in two papers approaching it from a literary perspective. Nevertheless, the actuality and continuity of imperial heritage that surfaces in almost every dimension of the contemporary world – from ethics and morality, through logic and the methods of reasoning, to the current formulations of the universal human rights as expressed and warranted by the UNO and state constitutions, proves that the sun has never set on the British Empire. The most tangible evidence to support that claim is the Commonwealth of Nations, an association of otherwise sovereign states that in virtually every corner of the world keep British lineage alive.
Myśl imperialna i bohaterka Jean Rhys: pomiędzy Wielką Brytanią a Karaibami
Authors: Miksza Agnieszka
Published: January 2025

Jean Rhys’s life, as well as the lives of her heroines can be summarized as “trying to belong and failing”. The concerns addressed by Jean Rhys oscillate between power and powerless, discourse and silence, prisoners, patients, and the “machinery that keeps society functioning”. All these are a crucial contextual frame for Rhys’s most important themes, which are psychological implications of the cultural dualism, which can be both ascribed to Jean Rhys and her fictional heroines.
Komitet Sądowy Tajnej Rady (Judicial Committee of the Privy Council) – sądowy relikt Imperium Brytyjskiego?
Authors: Korporowicz Łukasz Jan
Published: January 2025

This work attempts to find an answer to a question regarding the anachronistic character of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. It consists of three separate parts: historical, structural and procedural. An analysis of these three aspects allows to reject the opinion that the Committee was of an anachronistic character. In other words, its structure and procedure are entrenched in the historical experience which, at first glance, may give a false impression of anachronism. Yet in fact, its present shape and form do not differ from other similar judicial bodies. The data collected over a period of the last few years show that the Committee passes around 40 decisions per year. By no means a small number for such a unique court.
Brytyjski socjalizm końca XIX wieku a kwestia Imperium: John Ruskin i William Morris
Authors: Zinkiewicz Grzegorz
Published: January 2025

The paper explores contradictory approaches of late 19th century British socialists towards the legitimacy of the British Empire. As an illustration, two prominent socialist agitators of the Victorian era, John Ruskin and William Morris, have been selected. The central problem concerns the possible reasons for the radically different perceptions of the same formation by the Victorian sages who otherwise shared similar views on art and society; namely Ruskin’s apotheosis and Morris’ negation. At the same time, the text casts doubt on the popular belief that Ruskin took a shortcut in the face of growing uncertainty about the plausibility of his aesthetic theory, while Morris’ rejection of the Empire resulted from his programmatic anti-imperialism in accordance with the Marxist doctrine. The answer may actually lie in their former art-informed views and enterprises.
Traktat brytyjsko-japoński (Nichi-Ei Dōmei) jako potwierdzenie stref wpływów Imperium Brytyjskiego i Japonii w Azji Południowo-Wschodniej na początku XX wieku
Authors: Plesiewicz-Świerczyńska Izabela
Published: January 2025

The first Anglo-Japanese Alliance was signed in London, on 30 January 1902, by Lord Lansdowne (British foreign secretary) and Hayashi Tadasu (Japanese minister in London). The alliance bound Britain and Japan to assist one another in safeguarding their respective interests in China and Korea. It was a diplomatic milestone that saw an end to Britain’s splendid isolation. Directed against Russian expansionism in the Far East, it was a cornerstone of British and Japanese policy in Asia until after World War I. The alliance was renewed and expanded in scope twice, in 1905 and 1911. It was specifically terminated by the Four-Power Pacific Treaty (1921).
Na obrzeżach Imperium barbarzyńców? Brytyjczycy podróżujący po ziemiach Księstwa Warszawskiego i Królestwa Polskiego w latach 1813–1915
Authors: Deles Przemysław
Published: January 2025

From the time the Russian army entered the Polish territory in pursuit of Napoleon’s retreating forces, up to the period when the Russians withdrew from Warsaw in the wake of advancing German troops during the First World War, more than one hundred travellers from the British Isles documented their experiences in Poland under the Russian Partition in books and articles. These visitors included Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, and Charles Dodgson—better known as Lewis Carroll. At the beginning of the period in question, most travellers were poorly prepared for visiting Poland. Because of the limited number of publications available on the market, the travellers were forced to read each other’s accounts, and they commented on their fellow travellers’ observations. With time, the situation improved greatly, but still the image of the Poles and their country was saddled with stereotypes. Poland was seen as being a partly barbaric country belonging to the semi-oriental peripheries of Europe that lay on the border with Asia. The material presented in this text by no means includes all the accounts written by the British and Irish travellers to Poland at a time when it was under the Russian partition; however, it is believed to be a valid introduction to a more in-depth study of travellers’ descriptions of their experiences in Poland.
Filologia jako porządkowanie chaosu
Authors: Janowska Aleksandra , Rejter Artur , Kotlarska Irmina , Kleszczowa Krystyna , Rudziński Grzegorz , Rytter Grażyna , Jankowiak Lucyna Agnieszka , Marciniak-Firadza Renata , Sobczykowa Joanna , Koziara Stanisław , Kowalska Danuta , Kępińska Alina , Lisowski Tomasz , Zrębski Rafał , Nowak Małgorzata , Szagun Dorota , Hawrysz Magdalena , Olma Marceli , Pietrzak Magdalena , Zatorska Agnieszka , Wichowa Maria , Kucharska-Dreiss Elżbieta , Migdał Jolanta , Walczak Bogdan , Lewaszkiewicz Tadeusz , Pałucka-Czerniak Iwona , Dawidziak-Kładoczna Małgorzata , Jurewicz-Nowak Magdalena , Klimek-Grądzka Jolanta , Wismont Magdalena , Żuraszek-Ryś Iwona , Wiśniewska-Grabarczyk Anna
Published: January 2025

Tom gromadzi trzydzieści jeden tekstów w różny sposób nawiązujących do tytułowego zagadnienia. Refleksję nad rolą filologii podejmują przede wszystkim historycy języka, jednak wielość ujęć, wynikająca z różnego rozumienia idei porządkowania chaosu, różnorodność analizowanych źródeł oraz przyjmowanie różnych perspektyw badawczych nadają publikacji charakter wieloaspektowy i wielowymiarowy, inspirujący również dla przedstawicieli innych dyscyplin. Autorzy ukazują podejmowane w ciągu wieków inicjatywy i sposoby kategoryzowania treści, formułują postulaty i propozycje uporządkowania chaosu pojęciowego i terminologicznego, a także – poddając oglądowi różne typy, odmiany i gatunki tekstów oraz stosując różne narzędzia badawcze – systematyzują wiedzę o dawnej i współczesnej rzeczywistości językowej.
Czy pojęcie kryptotypu służy uporządkowaniu polszczyzny?
Authors: Rudziński Grzegorz
Published: January 2025

B.L. Whorf stworzył pojęcie kryptotypu, ucząc się języków Indian i zastosował je do opisu języka angielskiego. Doświadczenia w nauczaniu cudzoziemców języka polskiego jako obcego wskazują na możliwość użycia tego terminu także w opisie naszego języka. W okoliczniku miejsca możliwa jest dystrybucja form miejscownika z przyimkiem w lub z przyimkiem na. Sugeruje to możliwość podziału rzeczowników tworzących tę część zdania na rzeczowniki otwarte, łączące się z na i rzeczowniki zamknięte, łączące się z w. Przekonanie cudzoziemców o istnieniu w języku polskim kryptotypu rzeczowników otwartych i kryptotypu rzeczowników zamkniętych pomaga im prawidłowo używać tych przyimków. Klasyfikowanie leksemów do kryptotypów ułatwia rozumienie polisemii wyrazów. Istnienie kryptotypu zamkniętych jest łatwiejsze do wykazania ze względu na wyższą frekwencję przyimka w.
Trwałość idealnego terminu na przykładzie polskiej terminologii medycznej przełomu XIX i XX wieku
Authors: Jankowiak Lucyna Agnieszka
Published: January 2025

Podstawą analizy było 940 najlepszych terminów (idealnych terminów) z szeregów synonimicznych ze Słownika terminologii lekarskiej polskiej z 1881 roku. Celem tej analizy była odpowiedź na pytanie o trwałość idealnych terminów w okresie od 1881 roku do wydania kolejnego słownika medycznego w 1905 roku. Okazuje się, że idealne terminy zachowują swoją pozycję w 67%, co świadczy o trafności nazw wybranych przez lekarzy w 2. poł. XIX wieku. Jednocześnie trwałości idealnych terminów towarzyszą niekorzystne zjawiska: nieznacznego eliminowania synonimii z jednej strony, a z drugiej — nawet jej pomnażania.
Katalogowanie jako metoda pracy polskich twórców literatury epok dawnych
Authors: Wichowa Maria
Published: January 2025

Twórcy literatury już w czasach starożytnych docenili użyteczność katalogowania jako metody gromadzenia i opracowania materiału. W dobie staropolskiej tę technikę stosowano w dużej skali. Autorzy spisywali takie rejestry z kilku powodów. Czynności te miały na celu porządkowanie materiału. Była to metoda przedstawiania świata, pokazywania bogactwa jego elementów poprzez ich gromadzenie, wyliczanie, hierarchizację. Czasem katalog był też zasadą twórczą konceptu literackiego, sposobem zaskoczenia i zdumienia czytelnika. Katalogowanie było użyteczną metodą gromadzenia i opracowania materiału zarówno w obszarze literatury o wysokich walorach artystycznych, w poezji, jak i na gruncie piśmiennictwa o przeznaczeniu użytkowym, w dziełach historycznych i encyklopedycznych.
Łódzko-zielonogórski Wybór tekstów z dziejów języka polskiego (2015) pod redakcją Marka Cybulskiego na tle chrestomatii polskich, słowiańskich i niesłowiańskich
Authors: Lewaszkiewicz Tadeusz
Published: January 2025

Przedmiotem artykułu jest ocena Wyboru (2015) pod redakcją M. Cybulskiego na tle chrestomatii polskich oraz wybranych słowiańskich i niesłowiańskich. O dużym znaczeniu tego dzieła w językoznawstwie polonistycznym decyduje kilka czynników: ramy chronologiczne (od tekstów najstarszych do najnowszych), niezwykłe (wręcz zdumiewające) zróżnicowanie stylistyczno-gatunkowe tekstów, dobrze zredagowane noty informacyjne przed tekstami, słowniczki po tekstach. Ale najoryginalniejszą i najważniejszą cechą Wyboru są zamieszczone po tekstach komentarze, które odzwierciedlają głęboką teoretyczną wiedzę językoznawczą autorów. Jest to obecnie największa i najlepsza chrestomatia w historycznym językoznawstwie słowiańskim i prawdopodobnie w historycznym językoznawstwie niesłowiańskim.
Patent w dawnej Polsce — wokół gatunku
Authors: Klimek-Grądzka Jolanta
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie cech gatunkowych osiemnasto- i dziewiętnastowiecznych patentów rozumianych jako ‘ustawy, akty stanowiące prawo’. Za kanoniczne dla wzorca strukturalnego uznane zostały następujące składniki nominujące/werbalizujące: 1) nadawcę, 2) odbiorcę, 3) uzasadnienie wydania aktu, 4) treść normy, 5) sposób upublicznienia aktu, 6) lokalizację czasowo-przestrzenną, 7) locum sigilium i podpis nadawcy. Do fakultatywnych elementów zaliczono zaś: 1) wypowiedzi metaprawne, 2) wyłączenia spod normy prawa, 3) wypowiedzi wolitywne, 4) uwierzytelnienie patentu, 5) wskazanie vacatio legis.
Menganalisis Efektivitas Pembelajaran Berdiferensial pada Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Ahdar Ahdar , Adriani Adriani
Published: January 2025

Differentiated learning is a flexible method that provides opportunities for students to learn according to their interests and needs. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing this method and its impact on social studies learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 1 Parepare. The study used a quasi-experimental method with a quantitative approach. The population consisted of all 374 seventh grade students, while the sample was 68 students, 34 students each from the experimental class (VII.1) and control class (VII.2). Data were collected through observation, documentation, and tests, then analyzed using normality, homogeneity, and t-tests. The results showed that (1) differentiated learning was effective with an average N-Gain Score of 75.5% and (2) there was a significant increase in learning outcomes. The t value of 6.256 with df 66 and significance 0.001 (0.05) indicated that H0 was rejected. Thus, the application of this method has been proven to be able to improve the learning outcomes of seventh grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Parepare.
Les mythes se dissipent. Réflexions sur une étude conjointe : World Resources Institute, Banque mondiale et P.N.U.D.
Authors: Le Reboussier
Published: January 2025

Pas de résumé
Fiches de reconnaissance pratique des arbres sur pied de la forêt guyanaise : Bois Canon, Canari Macaque, Diaguidia, Mahot noir, Mincouart
Authors: Thiel Jean
Published: January 2025

Pas de résumé
Exploring the Role of FDG PET CT Scan in Detecting High Grade Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Azmoun Marzieh , Nodeh Mohammad Moeini , Emadzadeh Maryam , Ariana Kamran , Dadgar Habibollah , Khorosanchi Amirreza , Askari Emran , Nazar Eisa
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Diffuse B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Currently, the standard method for evaluating patients at the initial stages of cancer diagnosis in Mashhad oncology centers involves computed tomography scans (CT scans), histopathological evaluation of tissue, bone marrow sampling, and cytogenetic studies, all of which are time-consuming and costly. It is worth mentioning that at present, the most recommended approach for determining lymphoma staging is the FDG-PET/CT scan, which combines labeled glucose with CT scan and offers a more accurate alternative. The objective of this study is to explore the potential of FDG-PET/CT scan as a tool for detecting high-grade lymphoma.

Methods. In this study, patients with different types of DLBCL who underwent FDG-PET Scan for staging at Razavi Hospital, Mashhad, Iran between 2017 and 2021 were examined. The necessary clinical and paraclinical information, including the stage of the disease, the involved site at the time of diagnosis, the result of immunohistochemical examination, and the response to treatment were collected. FDG-PET Scan information including the extent of involvement and metabolic activity of the tumor before the start of treatment, pathological characteristics of the tumor, clinical behavior, and response to treatment in the form of response rate (RR), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of the patients. Was also investigated. Aggressive histology in the present study was classified based on morphological characteristics and immunohistochemical staining, prognostic indicators, clinical behavior and response to treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS software at a significance level of p<0.05.

Results. Comparing the two groups of patients with high grade histology (n=12) and NOS (n=14), the results showed that SUV max values in patients with aggressive lymphoma were 27.5 ± 15.6 (median 25.6) and in patients with NOS lymphoma was 15.4 ± 9.8 (median 14.4) (p=0.01). The overall survival of patients in the aggressive group was 10 months and in the non-aggressive group was 24 months (p=0.002). Also, the cut — off -point of 21.1 for SUV max has a sensitivity of 66 % and a specificity of 72 % in differentiating aggressive from non-aggressive types.

Conclusion. The results revealed that FDG PET CT Scan can provide valuable insights into differentiating lymphomas with a more aggressive type from their usual types, as those with heightened metabolic activity (SUVmax) are often indicative of aggressive behaviors.
How Information Evolves
Authors: Adler Dan
Published: January 2025

The emergence of complexity and information is a fundamental question spanning disciplines from physics to biology and computation. While traditional approaches describe information as an emergent property, they leave unresolved how it arises dynamically from purely abiotic processes. This paper presents Bayesian Assembly (BA) systems, an abstract framework that models the evolution of patterns through probabilistic interactions and stability-driven selection. By abstracting away specific physical laws, these systems demonstrate a universal mechanism for generating order and information. BA systems evolve patterns over successive generations, with selection pressures favoring stable configurations that persist and interact more frequently. These dynamics have the potential to encode logic, computational rules, and, under certain conditions, self-replicating behaviors, thereby offering a conceptual pathway to better understand the transition from abiotic to biotic evolution. However, substantial work remains to demonstrate these principles in realistic prebiotic scenarios or computational analogs. The framework also highlights the interplay between top-down and bottom-up causality, illustrating how emergent patterns recursively influence their formation while being shaped by local interactions. This study offers a computationally realizable pathway that may help bridge randomness and complexity. Further empirical validation and more detailed modeling are needed to confirm and refine these suggestions.
A Non-Turing Computer Architecture for Artificial Intelligence with Rule Learning and Generalization Abilities Using Images or Texts
Authors: Ren Jineng
Published: January 2025

Since the beginning of modern computer history, the Turing machine has been a dominant architecture for most computational devices, which consists of three essential components: an infinite tape for input, a read/write head, and finite control. In this structure, what the head can read (i.e., bits) is the same as what it has written/outputted. This is actually different from the ways in which humans think or do thought/tool experiments. More precisely, what humans imagine/write on paper are images or texts, and they are not the abstract concepts that they represent in the human brain. This difference is neglected by the Turing machine, but it actually plays an important role in abstraction, analogy, and generalization, which are crucial in artificial intelligence. Compared with this architecture, the proposed architecture uses two different types of heads and tapes, one for traditional abstract bit inputs/outputs and the other for specific visual ones (more like a screen or a workspace with a camera observing it). The mapping rules between the abstract bits and the specific images/texts can be realized by neural networks like Convolutional Neural Networks, YOLO, Large Language Models, etc., with a high accuracy rate. As an example, this paper presents how the new computer architecture (what we call "Ren's machine" for simplicity here) autonomously learns a distributive property/rule of multiplication in the specific domain and further uses the rule to generate a general method (mixed in both the abstract domain and the specific domain) to compute the multiplication of any positive integers based on images/texts. The machine's strong reasoning ability is also corroborated in proving a theorem in Plane Geometry. Moreover, a robotic architecture based on Ren's machine is proposed to address the challenges faced by the Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models in unsound reasoning ability and high computational cost.
Copper Mountain Mine Tailings Dam Safety Review Supplement
Authors: Brox Daniel
Published: January 2025

Copper Mountain Mine tailings dam slope stability research based on recommendations of the 2021 Tetra Tech Dam Safety Review, including computation of tailings dam factors of safety, satellite imagery, steady state and transient seepage analyses, assessment of internal erosion risk, and flow liquefaction hazard analysis. Dam topographic information provided by foundation investigation and annual dam safety inspection reports is used to specify 3D dam models and compute dam factors of safety that satisfy normal operating requirement but are in possible violation of post-seismic requirement.
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Blaan Tribe: A Cultural Analysis
Authors: Fajinmi John , Oloyede Joseph
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching effects on various communities worldwide, and indigenous groups, such as the Blaan Tribe in the Philippines, are no exception. This paper explores the impact of COVID-19 on the Blaan Tribe from a cultural perspective, focusing on how the pandemic has disrupted their traditional practices, social structures, and livelihoods. The research examines the challenges faced by the Blaan people in adapting to public health measures, including lockdowns, social distancing, and restrictions on communal activities. It also highlights the resilience of the tribe in maintaining their cultural identity amidst adversity, the role of indigenous knowledge systems in coping with the crisis, and the shift toward digital platforms for communication and commerce. Furthermore, the paper discusses the intersectionality of indigenous rights, health, and socio-economic factors exacerbated by the pandemic, offering insights into how external pressures such as COVID-19 are reshaping indigenous communities. The findings underscore the importance of culturally sensitive interventions in addressing the needs of the Blaan Tribe and other indigenous groups during and after the pandemic.
Recent Advancements in the Development of HDAC/Tubulin Dual-Targeting Inhibitors
Authors: Abdallah Hamze , Christine Tran
Published: January 2025

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) become one of the main targets in cancer therapy due to their involvement in various biological processes, including gene regulation, cell proliferation and differentiation. On the other hand, microtubules as key elements of the cell cytoskeleton also represent an important therapeutic target in anticancer drugs research. These proteins are implied in diverse cellular functions, especially mitosis, cell signaling and intracellular trafficking. With the emergence of multi-target therapy during the last decades, the association of HDAC and tubulin inhibitors has been envisioned as a practical approach for optimizing the therapeutic efficacy of antitumor molecules. The HDAC/tubulin dual-targeting inhibitors offer the advantages of a synergistic action of both compounds, along with a significant decrease of their respective toxicities and drug resistance. This review will detail the major recent advancements in the development of HDAC/tubulin dual inhibitors over the last decade, with their impact in anticancer drugs discovery.
Pictorial Review of MRI Findings of Glycogen Storage Disease from Children to Young Adults
Authors: Amano Yasuo , Ishige Mika , Amano Maki , Shinoda Naoki , Ando Chisato , Takagi Ryo
Published: January 2025

Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are rare, inherited disorders of glycogen metabolism caused by a deficiency of enzymes or transporters. GSDs involve the liver, kidneys, skeletal muscles, and heart of children and young adults. The complications involving these organs affect the prognosis of patients with GSDs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for identifying the complications of GSDs and monitoring the response to treatments owing to its ability of tissue characterization and lack of need for ionizing radiation. This pictorial review describes the MRI sequences used for GSDs, presents clinical examples, and emphasizes the pivotal role of MRI as an imaging tool in diagnosing complications associated with GSDs. Further MRI sequences that can be used to quantify the severity of GSDs are discussed.
Effects of the Geomagnetic Superstorms of 10–11 May 2024 and 7–11 October 2024 on the Ionosphere and Plasmasphere
Authors: Pierrard Viviane , Verhulst Tobias G.W. , Chevalier Jean-Marie , Bergeot Nicolas , Winant Alexandre
Published: January 2025

On 10 May 2024 at 17h:07 UTC, the arrival of solar a coronal mass ejection (CME) generated the strongest geomagnetic storm of the last twenty years with a minimum Dst = -412 nT, usually referred to as the Mother’s Day event. On 10 October 2024, the second strongest event of the solar cycle 25 appeared with Dst=-335 nT, preceded on 8 October by an event with Dst=-153nT. In the present work, we show with measurements of vertical total electron contents and with ionosonde observations from Europe, USA and South Korea that the ionization of the upper atmosphere shortly increased at the arrival of the CME for these different events, followed by a fast decrease at all latitudes. The ionization remained very low for more than a full day. While the recovery appears at the beginning of the second day after the onset for both events in October, the sudden recovery in the middle of the second day on 12 May is much more unusual. The analysis of the observations at different latitudes and longitudes shows that the causes of the ionization variations during the superstorms were mainly due strong perturbations in the ionospheric F layer, and amplified by the plasmasphere’s influence on the vertical total electron content (VTEC). The erosion of the plasmasphere during these two strong events led to a plasmapause located to exceptionally low radial distances smaller than 2 Re (Earth’s radii) in the post-midnight sector, and a rotating plume in the afternoon-dusk sector clearly visible in the BSPM plasmasphere model. Several days after the storms were necessary to recover normal ionization rates.
Efficient Removal of Tetracycline Hydrochloride via Adsorption onto Modified Bentonite: Study Kinetics and Equilibrium Dynamics
Authors: Pereira Aisha , Freitas Adriano , Silva Mariana R.L. , Figueira Camara Anne B. , Moura Heloise , Ballesteros Plata Daniel , Rodríguez-Castellón Enrique , Santos de Carvalho Luciene
Published: January 2025

Pharmaceutical contamination of water sources has become a critical environmental challenge. This study explores the potential of bentonite (BN), a natural clay mineral, and its acid-treated form (BA1) as effective adsorbents for the removal of tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) from aqueous solutions. Comprehensive characterization of BN and BA1 was performed using analytical techniques, including XRF, XRD, SEM/TEM, XPS, TG/DTG, CO2 and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. Results indicated that BA1 is a mesoporous material with a surface area exceeding 165 m².g⁻¹, exhibiting exceptional adsorption performance. The optimal adsorption pH of the drug was 5.0. The adsorption process adhered to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting a chemisorption mechanism. BA1 achieved a maximum adsorption capacity of 40.98 mg.g⁻¹ and removal efficiencies of up to 99% within just 30 minutes. Equilibrium isotherm calculations for BA1 showed the best fit for the Freundlich model R² > 0.9923, indicating a favorable adsorption process. These findings underscore the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability of bentonite as a promising material for addressing pharmaceutical pollutants in water treatment applications. The tetracycline-loaded adsorbents were applied for desorption and reuse studies in consecutive seven cycles for evaluating the regeneration ability of the clay mineral materials.
A Descriptive Review on the Association of Insulin Resistance/Hyperinsulinemia with Increased Mortality Risk
Authors: Fazio Serafino , Fazio Valeria , Affuso Flora
Published: January 2025

The analysis of the literature clearly shows that chronic increase of circulating insulin levels associated with insulin resistance (IR) cause, over time, great damage to our body. In fact, they are related to the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cellular senescence, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. This descriptive review of literature aims to verify whether insulin resistance (IR) with associated hyperinsulinemia (Hyperins) may be directly associated with an increase of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. There are all the criteria to consider IR/Hyperins a serious risk factor, which could be strongly related to an increase in mortality. The analysis of the manuscripts dealing this topic shows a strong relation between IR/Hyperins and increased cardiovascular, cancer specific and all-cause mortality. Therefore, it is mandatory that scientific societies and health authorities of different nations let's face this serious problem.
The Accuracy of Prostate-Specific Antigen and Digital Rectal Examination in The Detection of Prostate Carcinoma
Authors: Desai Dev , Isufi Anisa , Bahattab Abeer Ahmed , Shah Abhijay B. , Malafi Maria Eleni , Mugibel Tayba Abdulrahman
Published: January 2025

Background: Prostate cancer consists the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men and a global threatening health condition with severe following outcomes. Screening via the digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, or both is widely used in clinical practice and supported as early detection tools. Although neither of the two tests, PSA and DRE, are appropriate to be used alone for screening of prostate cancer. This meta-analysis aims to find out the role of these techniques used in conjunction in a primary healthcare setting to diagnose prostate cancer(PC).Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted according to (PRISMA) guideline. A comprehensive literature search was performed to PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar from November 2022 to April 2023. Diagnostic studies were retrieved with no restrictions on publication date, country, patient's age or clinical setting. The selection of studies proceeded based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria without restrictions to particular study designs, language or publication dates and followed by data extraction and statistical analysis. The gold standard reference in the included studies was biopsy for prostate carcinoma.Results: Twelve studies with 175379 patients who underwent DRE Vs Biopsy and fifteen studies with 22006 patients who measured PSA cutoff 4 ng/ml VS biopsy were included in our meta-analysis. Overall, the overall sensitivity, specificity, and PPV of DRE was 57.8% (95% CI 52 -63.6 %), 44.7% (95% CI 37.6 - 51.7%), and 29.8% (95% CI 24.1 - 35.5%) respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of DRE was 48.5% with a Younden index of 2.5%. Also, the sensitivity, specificity, and PPV for PSA cutoff level of more than 4 ng/mL were found to be 57.7 % (95% CI 51.2 - 64.2%) ,82.3% (95% CI 79.7 - 85%), and 67.6% (95% CI 62.7 - 72.6%) respectively. In addition, the diagnostic accuracy of the PSA cutoff level of more than 4 ng/mL was 72.7% with a Younden index of 0.4. Conclusion: The use of DRE and PSA has high diagnostic accuracy in PC, although the lone application of each one is not statistically strong and diagnostically accurate. Their contribution could form an optimistic clue in future updates considering this condition.
Limb Salvage In for Patients with Concomitant Advanced Malignancy
Authors: Pang Jolyn Hui Qing , Ng Zhi Peng Nick
Published: January 2025

We are seeing an increasing number of patients with malignancy presenting with chronic limb threatening ischemia. With advancement in medicine, we need to have a shift in mindset towards this group of patients and provide a holistic approach when deciding treatment. In this original article, we highlight our approach in managing such patients and provide a suggested framework. We hope that with our article we bring about awareness and help vascular surgeons in managing such cases with improvement in quality of life for the patients.