bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fredrik Svanberg. Människosamlarna. Anatomiska museer och rasvetenskap i Sverige ca 1850–1950
Authors: Åhrén Eva
Published: August 2018

The publication of Fredrik Svanberg’s Människosamlarna. Anatomiska museer och rasvetenskap i Sverige ca 1850–1950 [The Collectors of Human Beings. Anatomical Museums and Racial Science in Sweden c. 1850–1950] is very timely. The topic of human remains in museum collections has recently been under debate in Swedish media Early in 2015, the debate was triggered by the efforts of Karolinska Institutet’s Unit for Medical History and Heritage to research its neglected historic collections of human remains, and start repatriating racialized skulls to indigenous source communities. (Disclosure: I am the director of that unit, and my own research on the history of medical museums is referenced in this book.) Svanberg, who is head of research at the Swedish History Museum in Stockholm, wrote an important contribution to the media debate. The old skull collections that still exist in Lund, Uppsala and Stockholm, he pointed out, have been “rediscovered” by the media at intervals of 5–7 years since the 1980s (cf. pp. 20–26). Media attention tends to cause a brief uproar, until the crania are quickly forgotten again – until the next time. Swedes don’t seem to retain past understandings and constructions of race, or how these conceptions contributed to the creation of our modern, neutral and ostensibly non-racist welfare state.
Wolfram Kaiser, Stefan Krangelhagen & Kerstin Poehls. Exhibiting Europe in Museums. Transnational Networks, Collections, Narratives and Representations
Authors: Melchior Marie Riegels
Published: August 2018

Hvad er Europa, og hvad betyder europæisk identitet? Spørgsmålene stilles i en ny museologisk bog, der netop, med museet som omdrejningspunkt, forsøger at indkredse og problematisere svaret. Bogen er udkommet belejligt i og med, at vi står overfor åbningen af Europaparlamentets prestigeprojekt Huset for Europæisk Historie (2016). For netop med åbningen af Huset for Europæisk Historie står det klart, at museumsinstitutionen spiller en central rolle i den kritiske refleksion over det europæiske projekt i form af den Europæiske Union og den øgede integration kulturelt, socialt, politisk og økonomisk, som siden unionens etablering i 1993 er en central europæisk vision.
The Dangerous Museum. Participatory practices and controversy in museums today
Authors: Tøndborg Britta
Published: August 2018

Whereas museums shunned controversy in the past, this article argues that as museums embrace the new trend of audience participation some have also opted to introduce “hot topics” into museum exhibitions. Museum professionals who have adopted this particular form of museum practice predict that it has the potential to reform museums as we know them, and to turn museums into active agents for democratic change in society. In a bid to understand and scrutinize the implications of this development in museums, the article consults critiques raised by art critics writing about a related development in contemporary art, i.e. relational and participatory art forms.
Peter Aronsson & Lizette Gradén (red.). Performing Nordic Heritage. Everyday Practices and Institutional Culture
Authors: Daugbjerg Mads
Published: August 2018

Det er åbenlyst en god idé at kortlægge og analysere, hvordan det særligt nordiske iscenesættes, repræsenteres og anvendes identitetsmæssigt i forskellige sammenhænge. Som en grænseoverskridende, men dog overskuelig, regional tilknytning placerer nordiskheden sig et sted mellem den nationale identifikation og de større europæiske eller globale fællesskaber. Denne antologi samler en række bud på, hvordan dyrkelsen af Norden, både den direkte og den indirekte, henter næring fra forskellige kulturelle processer (eller ”performances”, som de her kaldes). Foruden redaktørernes introduktion og konklusion rummer bogen ti bidrag af forfattere med både nordisk og ikke-nordisk baggrund (seks svenskere, to islændinge, en nordmand, en dansker, en litauer og en brite) med faglige tilhørsforhold til historiefagene, folkloristikken og forskellige grene af kulturstudierne. Overvægten af kapitlerne fokuserer på museer og museale sammenhænge, både i og udenfor Norden, men man finder også undersøgelser af mere populærkulturelle fænomener og hverdagspraksis.
Å samle er å velge. Avhending i teori og praksis – en statusrapport
Authors: Hylland Ole Marius
Published: August 2018

This article aims to give a status report on museum disposal in the Norwegian museum sector. Disposal (or deaccessioning, depending on choice of terms) is treated as a topic relevant to both the overall legitimation of museums as institutions, as well as an important topic for sustainable collection management. The article argues that a sound and intellectually solid approach to disposal is a potential key to the sustainability of the museums’ epistemology on the one hand and to sustainable collection development on the other. After an initial discussion on the theoretical, ethical and judicial basis of disposal and a presentation of international examples on disposal practice, the article presents the results from a survey on disposal among Norwegian museums.
Extending Museum Walls. Reaching out with site-specific, digital, and participatory interventions
Authors: Rudloff Maja
Published: August 2018

As museums are shifting their traditional focus away from collections and toward their audiences, they are experimenting with new strategies for communication and participation. Consequently, in recent years, a large number of outreach and visitor engagement projects, implemented by museums, have seen the light of day. Although these projects vary significantly in design and setting, they are typically informed by ideas of inclusion, dialogue, and sharing of knowledge – principles that have been inspired by social media and significantly improved by developments in digital technologies. Despite the increasing numbers of museum-facilitated outreach projects, we still know relatively little about the qualitative outcomes for either users or museums. This article investigates the potential impact of including an outreach component in a new museum project that combines an urban setting and the use of digital media.
Forord
Authors: Larsen Ane Hejlskov
Published: August 2018

I hovedartiklerne i dette nummer af Nordisk Museologi er der fokus på institutionelle, forvaltningsmæssige og repræsentative sider af forholdet mellem private og offentlige samlinger og kulturarv: Hans Dam Christensen argumenterer for, at forskellen mellem en privat og offentlig kunstsamling er en mere kompliceret affære end både national kunstmuseumspolitik og den museologiske distinktion lader ane. Der er ganske vist allerede forsket en del i de historiske betingelser for større og mindre europæiske og nordiske kunstsamlinger, fx deres herkomst og deres fundament for i dag anerkendte og offentligt støttede museer. Men den museologiske forskning har kun i begrænset omfang haft opmærksom på de økonomiske, politiske og kunstneriske interesser og mekanismer i dette komplicerede forhold mellem private og offentlige samlinger.
Museer, kön och genus - några reflektioner kring en närvarande frånvaro
Authors: Bäckman Marianne , Ekström Simon
Published: August 2018

Museums, sex and gender – some reflections on a current absence. Abstract: What is it that makes women and objects coded by women so often over- shadowed in museums? And why is it so easy not to notice this fact? The article aims to discuss the amount of selection and de-selection that results in women only having a limited presence in the museum arena, so that they easily disappear from view – despite the fact that this is an absence that plays out before our very eyes. The starting point is a gender audit carried out in 2007 at the Museum of Ethno- graphy in Stockholm, and the article provides a re-examination of some of the comments that came to light.
An ungovernable diversity?
Authors: Talleraas Lise Emilie Fosmo
Published: August 2018

This article is based on my Ph.D. thesis, entitled An ungovernable diversity? Norwegian museum politics on the subject of local and regional museums in the period 1900 – ca. 1970 (Umeå 2009). It gives an historical account of the development of local and regional cultural history museums in Norway as a topic in Norwegian cultural policy 1900–1970. It describes how local and regional museums became a subject in Norwegian cultural policy during the twentieth century. In 1900, such institutions amounted to about fifteen. Seventy years later, the number was more than two hundred. The museums appear in this perspective as a cultural phenomenon in their own age, a phenomenon to which the Norwegian Parliament, the Ministry of Education and the museum profession attached both interpretations and conceptions. At the centre of their interest was the need to implement measures to ensure that these museums submitted to the main museums concerning key tasks, such as the preservation of objects of cultural value. It was important for the Parliament to create a policy based on accountability and equal treatment.
Opponentindlæg
Authors: Valkeapää Leena
Published: August 2018

In her dissertation, Susanna Pettersson discusses the Finnish Art Society and the development of its collection during the 19th century. This collection served as a starting point for the present Finnish National Gallery. Pettersson’s dissertation provides careful basic research on the first decades of the Finnish Art Society and the initial stages of the principal Finnish art collection. Pettersson connects her subject with distinction to its wider European connections.
Opponentindlæg: Verifying personal relationship to the past
Authors: Pihlman Sirkku
Published: August 2018

When I read Elina Salminen’s doctoral thesis I found myself many times thinking, why she finds the relationship of the museums and the private collections called museums so very problematic. In cases examined by her, several museum professionals considered these private collections to be of a minor significance from the standpoint of the institutional museums. On the other hand, interviewed private collectors whose collections have been accepted in a professional museum collection did not deal the professional principles of e.g. the permanence of collections. This seems not to be a severe confrontation anyway.
Forord
Authors: Hafsteinsson Sigurjón Baldur , Larsen Ane Hejlskov
Published: August 2018

Den femte NODEM1-konference om digitale medier og kulturarv blev afholdt i København den 24.-26. november 2010 med titlen ”From Place to Presence”, hvor de digitale teknologiers betydning for centrale museologiske emner blev præsenteret og diskuteret af oplægsholdere og deltagere fra museer, styrelser og universiteter. Konferencen var flersporet og bestod af præsentationer og demonstrationer af igangsatte digitale museumsprojekter fra Norden, USA og Australien, workshops med diskussioner og mere teoretiske forelæsninger om digitale teknologiers indflydelse og betydning for museums- og kulturarvsbegrebet.
Social Media and Community Involvement in Museums. A case study of a local history wiki community
Authors: Stuedahl Dagny
Published: August 2018

The article focuses on a study of knowledge creation and organizing in a local history wiki. The background for this study was to understand how web 2.0 and social media might open new possibilities for museums to collaborate with communities and lay professionals in cultural heritage knowledge creation. Digital technologies provide tools that in many ways overcome challenges of physical collaboration between museums and amateurs. But technologies also bring in new aspects of ordering, categorizing and systematizing knowledge that illuminates the different institutional as well as professional frameworks that writing local historical knowledge into digital forms in fact represents.
Tradition (re)visited: from place to presence
Authors: Van den Akker Chiel
Published: August 2018

Three ways of encountering objects belonging to our cultural heritage can be distinguished. We may encounter an object in its traditional environment, we may encounter an object in an environment of preservation, and we may encounter an object in an environment of representation. These three ways of encountering objects provide a framework for addressing the question of how we relate to cultural heritage by means of digital media. Digital reproductions of our cultural heritage belong to the third way of encountering objects. In our present day, we first and foremost relate to tradition by representing it, whereas before we first and foremost related to tradition by remembering it. Places of memory are exchanged for the presence of representation in a culture driven by information technology.
Materialitet og mening. En studie av de besøkende på bygdetun
Authors: Kleppe Bård
Published: August 2018

Both in Norway and Sweden, there are a large number of small rural museums that aim to tell the story of the local community and that intend to serve as meeting places for the inhabitants. Most of these museums were established in a period when they were heavily influenced by the values shaping society at the time, such as a very prevalent rurally based nationalism. Based on a master thesis, this article asks what these museums mean to the visitors today, and especially, how the materiality affects the visitors when entering such museums. The article also discusses what challenges this poses to the contemporary, everyday museum practice in museums like these.
Bevaring af den levende kulturarv - Indsamling af prydplanter på danske museer
Authors: Hellvik Irene , Ravn Helle
Published: August 2018

This article is a proposal for a plan of action for preserving seed material as well as ornamental plants themselves, focused on Denmark. This is a new field of intervention. The preservation of botanical material by Danish museums has been taking place for many years, but has largely only involved plants associated with agriculture. Ornamental plants, however, have remained largely unnoticed. This is a situation that certain forces within the world of Danish museums now wish to change, in an initiative that stems mainly from a small group of museum curators and gardeners employed at Danish museums, and with Helle Ravn from Langelands Museum as primus motor.
Følelser på museum
Authors: Djupdræt Martin Brandt , Hatt Henrik
Published: August 2018

This article describes a series of experimental trials regarding the role of feelings in a museum context. These trials were carried out at Moesgård Museum in Denmark, and consisted of a series of additions to the museum’s permanent exhibitions. The trial set-ups were designed to provide visitors with the best possible opportunities for emotionally relating to the exhibits in question. Observations as well as qualitative interviews were used to study which effects the trial set-ups had, seen in relation to the permanent exhibition, and whether it was possible to trace any effect regarding how the visitors experienced the rest of the exhibition. The trials demonstrated that even very small efforts focused on creating an emotional response among visitors had the potential to create a greatly increased sense of relevance, empathy and interest in relation to the exhibits. It was also shown that space, and the sequential layout of space, also had significant potential for creating a sense of emotional empathy among visitors.
ICOM 21st General Conference, Wien 19.-24. august 2007
Authors: Gabriel Mille
Published: August 2018

ICME – international Committee for Museums and Collections of Ethnography: The World under One Roof: Past, Present and Future Ethnographic Approaches to Universality.’Museums and Universal Heritage’ var temaet for dette års ICOM generalkonference – mere specifikt spørgsmålet om, hvordan ”museums should communicate and promote the universal ownership of cultural heritage through an understanding of cultural diversity”, som det blev formuleret af ICOMs præsident Allisandra Cummins i det officielle konferenceprogram.
Rätten och rummet. Tingshuset som idé, realiserad byggnad och rum i användning
Authors: Löfgren Eva
Published: August 2018

Tingshus i Sverige har sällan varit föremål för forskning som utgår från ett rumsligt perspektiv. Tidigare utförda studier har istället fokuserat på domstolen som arbetsplats, som symbol för rättsväsendet, eller på byggnaden som konstföremål. Forskningsprojektet Rätten och rummet bedrivs vid Institutionen för kulturvård, Göteborgs universitet och behandlar svenska tingshus byggda under tidsperioden 1734-1971. Syftet är att studera byggnaderna som rum betraktade utifrån tre perspektiv: tingshus som idé, som realiserad byggnad och som rum i användning. Den tredelade dispositionen utgör i sig ett resultat av forskningsprocessen och är inspirerad av urbansociologen Henri Lefèbvres texter. Avhandlingen grundar sig på en rikstäckande kartläggning av samtliga tingshus i landet och på ett antal djupstudier. Källmaterialet utgörs främst av befintliga hus, men också av skriftliga källor i form av protokoll, korrespondenser och biografier samt slutligen av ritningar och andra former av bilder. Målet med studien är att bättre förstå sambanden mellan rumsliga och sociala relationer och att återge tingshusen, som kulturarv betraktade, på ett sätt som omfattar de komplexa lager av verksamheter som rymdes i byggnaderna.
Ferdinand Boberg och statistikmaskineriet. Om statistik som medium, attraktion och utställning, ca 1800-1930
Authors: Ekström Anders
Published: August 2018

Different types of statistical representations were among the most prolific visual media in late nineteenth century museums and temporary exhibitions. From the 1890s to the 1930s, several ”social” or ”statistical museums” were founded in Europe and North America, the most famously of which were established by the sociologist Patric Geddes in Glasgow, and by the philosopher Otto Neurath in Vienna. The first part of this paper gives a survey of the development of graphic representations in the nineteenth century, with particular emphasis on the visual pedagogics involved in statistical display. The second part of the paper is dedicated to two statistical displays developed by the Swedish architect Ferdinand Boberg at exhibitions in Helsingborg in 1903 and Stockholm in 1909. In particular, the analysis is focused on the ways in which Boberg’s ”machinery of statistics” – a series of moving, figurative and three-dimensional representations of statistics – related to other media presented at the exhibitions, and to the ways in which the audience was invited to interact with the displays. In the conclusion, the development and use of statistical media in early twentieth century museums are discussed in relation to an intermedial discourse on visual realism and the utopian idea of a universal visual language.
Museumsudstillingen – nogle forsøg på klassifikation af udstillinger
Authors: Strandgaard Ole
Published: August 2018

Udstillingen er museernes fornemste udtryksform. Med den betydning udstillinger har, er det derfor mærkeligt, at museerne hverken har udviklet nogen særlig præcis udstillings-terminologi eller har udviklet en egen udstillingsfaglighed. Der findes knapt et udstillingsfag, sådan som Per-Uno Ågren påpeger det allerede i 1982: Det finns en stor brist på elementära yrkeskunskaper i museernas utställningsverksamhet och den har bl. a. medfört att man både överskattat och underskattat mediets möjligheter. Der findes heller ikke en klar klassifikation af museumsudstillinger, sådan som man finder det indenfor andre kunstarter f.eks. musikken eller litteraturen. Det følgende er et forsøg på at bidrage til en mulig klassifikation af museumsudstillinger
Om ett museifartyg i Åbo som politiskt argument
Authors: Kallberg Ulla
Published: August 2018

A museum ship as a political argument In Turku, South-West Finland, the Forum Marinum, a local maritime museum and maritime centre, wished to move a museum ship, the Suomen Joutsen, from a quay where she has been stationary since 1960 to a quay in front of the museum. The museum argued, that the ship would be better preserved in a new place with less air pollution and deeper water, would be easier to take care of and demand lower investment. However, the ship is owned by the municipality and decisions concerning it are made by politicians, who were neither willing to discuss nor make a decision about changing her moring. This behaviour was influenced by the imminent elections. The Suomen Joutsen is of great national interest and is expected to arouse passionate reactions.The article discusses how a museum piece, a museum ship, can become a political apparatus, a means for achieving personal or political goals. We can analyse the discussion about the ship’s moring on the River Aura by asking, who is constructing and defining cultural meanings and for what end. At the same time we can see how the presence of the ship can strengthen local identity, and how cultural values and objects can be used to achieve personal goals and simultaneously question the views of the researchers. But it has to be remembered that the museum is a part of the community and also uses its power. Finally, the ship celebrated her centenary in the summer of 2002, and the local museum received permission to move her temporarily to the quay in front of the museum to join the other stationary museum ships already there.The inhabitants reacted. Some people thought that the ship looked nice and it was all right to move her, others claimed that the ship was no longer visible in the city centre where she belonged. They also claimed that she was a part of the urban landscape which her removal had ruined. They used the argument that a line had been drawn between other Finns and the people in the city. Only the people in the city had the right to say anything about the Suomen Joutsen. When it was time to return the ship back to her old moring, the water level was too low. While waiting for it to rise, the politicians decided to leave the ship in front of the museum for another year. Some people were disappointed and called the politicians traitors.
Artiklar om museipublik och (konst)utställningar i tidigare nummer av Nordisk Museologi
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Further reading on similar subjects (museum politics and art exhibitions) already published in Nordisk Museologi
Kulturarvens speglingar
Authors: Bäckström Mattias
Published: August 2018

Museums as mirrors of differing concepts of heritage The museum – is it more a reflection of the present than an entrance to the past? In this essay we visit four museums from four different eras to investigate how the ideals of the contemporary society were mirrored in the museum’s preservation and exhibition practices. The museums, all located in Stockholm, are: The Royal Museum founded in 1792 which focused on the classical heritage; the Nordiska Museet 1873 and Skansen 1891 with their interest in Nordic folk culture; the Museum of National Antiquities and the Office of Cultural Heritage Management in the days of their important reorganisation around 1940; and finally the Swedish Travelling Exhibitions established in 1965 with its distributive and democratic ideas. I have used the typology of Friedrich Nietzsche from Vom Nutzen und Nachteil der Historie für das Leben revised by the historian Svante Beckman in order to understand the differences. The museums are positioned in an analytic diagram (p. 72) according to the ideals which were fundamental in the construction of the respective institutions. In the centre Heritage, at the top Society perspective, at the bottom Individual perspective, to the left Cognitive emphasis, to the right Emotive emphasis. The conclusions are condensed in the diagram on p. 88.
Utlån og avhending av materiale fra norske museumssamlinger
Authors: Østby Jon Birger
Published: August 2018

Norge har en kort historie som selvstendig nasjon. Landet har ikke hatt kolonier, og museene har relativt små samlinger av utenlandsk materiale. Museene har noe materiale som er brakt hjem av norske oppdagelsesreisende. Noen samlinger er kommet til landet med hjemvendte misjonærer, og noe utenlandsk materiale har kommet til museene gjennom norske borgere som har drevet forretningsvirksomhet eller hatt annet arbeid i utlandet. Det har vært svært få forespørsler om tilbakeføring av materiale til andre stater, men det fremmes stadig ønsker fra regioner eller lokalsamfunn om tilbakeføring av materiale fra de sentrale museenes samlinger og stadig flere av disse sakene blir fulgt opp i politiske fora.
Maria Björkroth, Hembygd i samtid och framtid 1890–1930. En museologisk studie av att bevara och förnya
Authors: Alzén Annika
Published: August 2018

"Hembygdsrörelsens framväxt är snarare att finna i ett intensivt folkbildningsarbete än i en diffus nationalromantik, snarare i samhällsengagemang än i inåtvänt navelskåderi, snarare i folkets makt än i dess vanmakt, snarare i framtidsoptimism än i tillbakasträvande." (Maria Björkroth)Maria Björkroth lade i november år 2000 fram sin doktorsavhandling om den svenska hembygdsrörelsen. Citatet ovan skulle kunna utgöra en kortkort resumé av avhandlingen. Det uttrycker också det starka engagemang som författaren visar inför sitt ämne och avhandlingsprojekt. Det finns en personlig erfarenhet som fö- refaller ha haft stor betydelse för att avhandlingen blev skriven och kanske också för utformningen. Under en period i början av 1990-talet arbetade Maria Björkroth med att ordna Samfundets för Hembygdsvård arkiv. Hon förväntade ett möte med folkdräkter, folkmusik och gammelgårdar, sådant som lite vanvördigt brukar kallas ”knätofs”, men i stället fann hon byggnadsvård, vägplanering och vattenkraftutredningar. Hembygd tycktes handla om något mera än bara bevarande och tillbakablickande.
Hugues de Varine, Les Racines du Futur. Le patrimoine au service du développement local
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Ännu inte 30-årig knöts Hugues de Varine 1962 till ICOMs sekretariat i Paris som med- arbetare till den samtida franska museologins huvudperson Georges Henri Rivière (1897– 1985). Han efterträdde Rivière som organisa- tionens direktör 1964 och arbetade målmed- vetet för ICOMs – och museernas – förnyelse under den följande tioårsperioden. Museerna måste demokratiseras och öppnas mot samhället, tredje världens museer ta en aktiv del i social och kulturell utveckling.
Tingenes tale. Innspill til museologi. Red. Anders Johansen, Kari Gaarder Losnedahl, Hans-Jakob Ågotnes
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Anders Johansen skrev i Nordisk Museologi (NM) 2000/2 om en forskarkurs detta år vid Bergens Museum avsedd att ”opparbeide fag- feltet museologi i norsk sammenheng” Det blev flera kurser. I boken Tingenes tale publiceras tolv föreläsningar från fem forskarkurser. Under huvudrubriken ’Tingene’ återges Peter Larsens skarpsinniga, fint formulerade meditationer över en brödmaskin. Bl.a. diskuteras tingen som semioforer i Pomians mening. Marianne Komissars Kuriositet, kunst eller artefakt bidrar med en analys av hur afrikansk etnografika kategoriseras i olika museer vilket blir en sorts tillämpning av Peter Larsens text. Med en ytterligare fördjupning bidrar Knut Rio i Eksotiske gjenstander og deres museumshistorie.
Samtidsdokumentasjon: En spøkelseshistorie
Authors: Berkaak Odd Arne
Published: August 2018

The author first makes an attempt to deconstruct the notion of ’samtidsdokumentasjon’ (documentation of contemporary culture). He shows how the different ideological layers in the theory and practice of museal and archival ’documentation’ tend to disregard those elements of contemporary culture that are new and emerging. Ernst Bloch’s concept of ’Das noch-nicht Seins’ (’the not-yet in being’) is used to argue for a new focus in contemporary documentation. Those elements of our current environment which are coming into being and taking shape right before our eyes deserve our attention because the ephemeral discourse that surrounds them will not be retrievable in the future. Thus, essential material for the understanding of our own time will be lost. The conclusion is that it is urgent to docu- ment novelties, not monuments, because if they are not documented in the making, they will be lost to history for ever.
Til minde om byen. Den refleksive udstillingstypologi i Memento Metropolis – en udstilling om længslen efter det Ny
Authors: Hjorth Line
Published: August 2018

Som princip er det museumsgenstande forundt at have en meget lang levetid. Det gælder hvad enten de eksisterer som eksponerede, skattede objekter i museets offentligt tilgængelige udstillingsrum eller om de lever en mere tilbagetrukket tilværelse på hylderne i magasinet. I kraft af deres ofte høje alder formår de at fortælle om andre tider og livsmåder og gøre sammenhænge anskuelige, som ellers ville være skjulte for et nutidigt blik. Anderledes forholder det sig med de udstillinger, som på en gang udgør rammerne for museumsgenstandene og gestaltes af disse. Udstillinger eksisterer over kortere eller længere tidsperioder, ændres måske i form eller viger helt til fordel for andre udstillinger, tilrettelagt efter andre videnskabelige eller nyere æstetiske principper. De lader sig dokumentere og arkivere som billede, tekst eller model og transformeres på denne måde over i andre medier, men som fysisk sanselig konstruktion og som et medium med særegne karakteristika, går de tabt. Set ud fra et museologisk æstetisk synspunkt er der imidlertid gode grunde til at prøve at forstå udstillingerne som en slags ’objekter’, der i lighed med andre museumsgenstande, kan trækkes ud af udstillingshistoriens magasin med det mål for øje at frembringe ny erkendelse om museets idé og væsen.
Klassikern: Om pedagogik och propaganda i arkeologiska museer
Authors: Moberg Carl-Axel
Published: August 2018

Pedagogik och propaganda är två populära ord. De ingår båda i allra högsta grad i museimäns ordförråd. Ofta verkar det som om de ansågs beteckna en och samma sak i musealt arbete – eller åtminstone varandra ytterst närliggande ting. Men noga besett bör de snarare kunna användas för att ge namn åt två djupt olika tendenser Skillnaden gäller syftet och inriktningen – inte de tekniska medlen och förfaringssätten.
Kurator for en dag – en leg i kunstmuseets rituelle rum
Authors: Grøn Karen
Published: August 2018

The “Curator for a day” project was carried out with guided tours in conjunction with the “Museum Mausoleum” exhibition held at Trapholt – museum of modern art, applied art, design and furniture design – during the winter of 2001–2002. As part of ordinary tours in small galleries, visitors were “tricked” into curating exhibitions of the museum’s artworks and design. Turning visitors into curators showed that many of them had a great sense of experiencing art, especially when responsibility for their own experience was handed over by the guide, and when their role was transformed into that of a coach. The project was inspired by constructive learning theory – using visitors’ personal potential to make them create and develop new theories and gaze strategies for their next museum visits.
Tony Bennett: Pasts Beyond Memory. Evolution, Museums, Colonialism
Authors: Hedqvist Eric
Published: August 2018

1800-talets slut och 1900-talets början anses som tiden för de typologiska museiutställningarnas storhetstid. En linjär ordning av utvecklingsstadier, från det enkla till det sammansatta, skapade i dessa utställningar sammanhang åt naturhistoria och förhistoria lik- som åt naturfolkens kultur. Tony Bennett, brittisk sociolog, författare till den inom museologin välkända The Birth of the Museum (1995) har i Pasts Beyond Memory (2004) behandlat frågan om förhållandet mellan vetenskap, politik och museer i det sena 1800-talets och tidiga 1900-talets Storbritannien, U.S.A. och Australien. Inspirerad av Michel Foucault har han frågat vilka förbindelser som rått mellan maktutövningens angelägenheter och den kunskap museernas utställningar förmedlade.
Daniel Libeskinds jødiske museum som musealt prosjekt og urbant erindringsrum
Authors: Nielsen Simon Glinvad
Published: August 2018

Daniel Libeskind's Jewish Museum as museum project and urban remembrance room.This paper examines the museum qualities of Daniel Libeskind's Jewish Museum in Berlin. It focuses on the significance of the museum space and suggests that this is a museum which substantially requires the visitors to regard it as a cultural, spatial text. Furthermore, it states that the city of Berlin is a crucial part of the museum. The history of the city is woven into the building and is an important part of the understanding of the museum.
District Six - Kanaldorp
Authors: Prosalendis Sandra
Published: August 2018

DECEMBER 1996: Two years after its opening, the District Six Museum stands in Buitenkant Street in all its shabby splendour. People jostle in and out of the entrance, alongside the makeshift graffiti-style sign; foreign and local tourists to Cape Town brush shoulders with ex-residents, a mixture as heterogeneous as the spirit that the museum celebrates. Inside, to a background of impromptu piano recitals, three exhibitions compete for space. An air offestivity reigns as oldfriends meet and rediscover their past, and yet there is still a sense of repose and remembrance that lingers in the museum, a legacy of the building's past roles as church, school, community centre andpolitical sanctuary.
Clanwilliam Living Landscape Project
Authors: Parkington John
Published: August 2018

'Living Landscape' is a community-based museum and schools curriculum project located in the small rural Western Cape town of Clanwilliam. Founded in 1812, and originally known as Jan Dissels Vallei, Clanwilliam was for much of the 19th century a frontier settlement, in which the politics of colonialism were played out against the magnificent backdrop of the Cederberg mountains. Now, in another era of political reorganisation, the current citizens are attempting to construct a democratic future and put aside a divided past. As in most rural Cape towns the divisions take the form of white town, coloured township and black informal settlement. Our project seeks to support these attempts at reconciliation by revealing and celebrating the history of those who were previously denied a contribution.
Heritage: The political and the personal
Authors: Davies Maurice
Published: August 2018

Many wise academics have written many great books about heritage. They discuss what heritage is, how it is defined and what it means. In this article I do not intend to offer an erudite, scholarly analysis of heritage. Instead, I am going to make some comments, based on over ten years that I have spent observing the museum and gallery scene in the UK, first as editor of Museums journal and more recently as deputy director of the Museums Association.My main theme is the question of who defines heritage. It will give some examples of what politicians and governments say about heritage and it will compare this with how individuals view heritage. Who defines heritage: the museums or the people? This, then, is the question I am seeking to answer. After that I will consider what museums can do and the part they should play in shaping and creating heritage.
Museologisk poesi
Authors: Von Schoultz Solveig
Published: August 2018

I raden av lysande finlandssvenska 1900-talspoeter finns Solveig von Schoultz (1907- 1996), vars lågmälda intensitet gläder och berör läsaren i femton diktsamlingar mellan åren 1940 och 1996. I volymen Samtal med en fjäril (1994) överraskas hon av en museimonters tidsfortätning.
Museology as a discipline of information sciences
Authors: Maroeviç Ivo
Published: August 2018

Museology, like any other generalist academic discipline, has originated, developed and assumed forms which are in fact the most appropriate for its development. It is certainly not a basic academic discipline, but it has developed at an information level which is partly based on the results of research in other basic disciplines and partly follows the epistemology of the information sciences. It does not function on the level of applied sciences. It functions at a conceptual level which is different from that of the basic disciplines. Museology, like any discipline belonging to such a category, develops from practice and is confirmed in practice. It also anticipates practice, but it deals too with the theoretical study of those phenomena which will manifest themselves in practice. So museology is unseparable from practice.
Museology – why, where, when?
Authors: Waidacher Friedrich
Published: August 2018

To many people outside the museum world the term «museology» is a foreign word - and even to some people inside as well. Thus I could also have chosen other interrogatives: «What?», or even «Who needs it?» The last one is a question I have been asked many times, certainly more often by museum professionals than lay people. My answer was and is «You need it».
Formens semantik – en teori om den kulturhistoriske udstilling
Authors: Mordhorst Camilla , Nielsen Kitte Wagner
Published: August 2018

The Semantics of Forms - an Exhibition Theory The article argues that a predominantly silent area of museology, that is to say the exhibition, can be described through an aesthetic theory about the semantics of form.
Eskimokultur, arkæologi og museumssamlinger
Authors: Gulløv Hans Christian
Published: August 2018

Eskimo culture, archaeology and collections At the turn of this century, uncontrolled collecting of Eskimo objects by Europeans became a threat to the Greenlandic culture. «Damaging the Eskimo culture by spoiling heathen graves». That was the opinion expressed by members of the political board of South Greenland. A proposal was then made for building a museum which was realized more than half a century later.
70-talets museum – 25 år efteråt
Authors: Rentzhog Sten
Published: August 2018

'A Museum for the Seventies' - 25 years afterwards 'A Museum for the Seventies' was the title of a book published in 1970 by four young directors of regional museums opposing the ideas promoted by a state committee formed in 1965 (MUS 65) to propose changes in the structure and official tasks of Swedish public museums. In this paper one of the authors looks back on the fervent museum debate of the late 60s and early 70s.
Hembygdens museer – bland andra museer
Authors: Björkroth Maria
Published: August 2018

The problem of 'non-museums' In national reports on museums from 1922 and onwards various estimates have been made concerning the exact number of museums in the country. Local collections have either been considered museums or non-museums.
Missing paradoxes and the evidential nature of things; Material objects in a cross-cultural perspective
Authors: Wolff Bente
Published: August 2018

«[The] Father brought salt with him, he poured it on the hands and [the village people] tasted it. He gave them rice, and they thought it was ants' eggs. He gave them soap, and they cooked it. When they took it out [of the pot) it was melting. And he gave them boots, and they thought it was mermaid's' legs, so they cooked it. After cooking, they took it out to eat it, but it was really hard [so) they said: «the mermaid's leg is too hard to eat!» This story is about the first white missionaries in the Mekeo village Eboa in lowland Papua New Guinea. I heard it told by the clan chief Opu Ame in 1991. As always when this story was told, it caused great amusement among those listening. It describes how the grandparents of today's villagers had their first inexperienced encounter with the white peoples things at the turn ofthe century.
Museums betydning – den fraktale udfordring
Authors: Paludan-Müller Carsten
Published: August 2018

Museum and meaning- the fractal challengeMuseums are born out of the modern belief in progress, a future, and the undisputed supremacy of contemporary European culture. The museums with their chronologically and geographically sequenced exhibitions delivered so to speak the documentation of this system of beliefs.
Det musiska museet
Authors: Sydhoff Beate
Published: August 2018

A Museum of the Muses Among cultural institutions the museums, especially the art museums, occupy a specific position as an arena for the presentation of a considerable portion of new knowledge as well as being the store-house for our cultural heritage. Around them new ideas and visions of change keep circulating all the time. The role played by the museum thus has an importance that those serving the institution do not always realize.
Karl-Erik Forsslund – pionjär inom hembygdsvården
Authors: Rosander Göran
Published: August 2018

Karl-Erik Forsslund, a pioneer in the preservation of local monumentsKarl-Erik Forsslund (1872-1941) was in his day a prominent figure in Swedish public life. Nowadays he is almost forgotten. He was a poet, a journalist and a novelist, dedicated all his life to the study of cultural history. He participated eagerly in public education and the maintenance of monuments. From 1898, when he married, until he died he lived in a traditional farmhouse, Storgården, close to Ludvika in Dalecarlia. Storgården was also the title of his most successful book, which appeared in 1900, a remarkable pamphlet idealizing life in the countryside.
Boknotiser
Authors: Meldgaard Inge , Vilkuna Janne , Ågren Per-Uno , Gjestrum John Aage
Published: August 2018

Book reviews
Efter två år
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Nordisk Museologi avslutar med detta nummer sin andra årgång. Det finns därmed anledning att fråga sig om de i första numret angivna avsikterna kunnat fullföljas. Den grundläggande - att tidskriften skulle bli ett gemensamt nordiskt forum - tycker vi oss inom ramen för de fyra nummer som utkommit ha förverkligat på ett godtagbart sätt.
Den rätta platsen. Några anteckningar om museer, medier och minnandet
Authors: Björnsson Anders
Published: August 2018

The proper place. Some notes on museums, media and rememberingThe author who is a journalist in one of the larger Swedish newspapers, has turned a critical eye on history and museums in Sweden and written many articles . This paper was presented during the «museum days» held in Umeå last April. It starts with a discussion of the journalist's role as a critical observer representing the public, when he writes or talks about museums.
The Tübingen Conspiracy
Authors: Wyss Beat
Published: August 2018

In March of 1913, a fragmentary manuscript, a folio written on both sides in the handwriting of Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Hegel, was auctioned off in Berlin. Four years later, after a publication by Franz Rosenzweig, it became known as the "Oldest System-Program of German Idealism". One hears the murmuring of a genius in this little text, which has been attributed to Schelling, Hölderlin, or Hegel three friends who studied together in Tübingen. This "fetish" of research on idealism continues to feed the scholarly debate over the fragments authorship and the obscurities of its origin and content.Some new ideas about the purpose of the early public art museums may emerge from the study of the document. It is possible to discern a connecting line ofthought, a common concept of purpose, between Holderlin's idea of 'eternal return' and Mies van der Rohe's Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin, as well as between Hegel's historicism, Schinkel's Altes Museum and James Sterling's Staatsgalerie in Stuttgart.
Skoklosters slott – en minnesteater
Authors: Losman Arne
Published: August 2018

Skokloster - a Memory Theatre. The exterior of Skokloster was erected between 1654 and 1668. Parts of its magnificent interior decorations date from the same period. The owner was count Carl Gustaf Wrangel (1613-1676), Admiral of the Realm, later Marchal of the Realm, proprietor of large landed estates round the Baltic, Governor-General of Swedish Pomerania, Chancellor of the University of Greifswald etc.
Om hemförande
Authors: Sörlin Sverker
Published: August 2018

On Hometaking This article analyzes a topic within the field of historical study of scientific travel: hometaking, i.e. the taking home (by collecting, purchase, qonquest, theft or otherwise) of objects (artifacts, specimens, goods or other items) to, typically, the centers of learning and power located in the home countries of scientists, explorers and their patrons.
Det gröna porslinpalatset
Authors: Hofrén Erik
Published: August 2018

The Green Porcelain Palace "The green porcelain palace" is described in H G Wells' well-known novel The Time Machine (1895). The author has chosen as his starting-point H G Wells' ideas about the global communication of knowledge and ideas as the remedy for all disputes, antagonisms and enmities afflicting our planet and menacing the continued existence of mankind.
You van be a museum or you can be modern, but you can't be both
Authors: Dercon Chris
Published: August 2018

In 1974 David Rubin, the then director ofthe Museum of Modern Art in New York, admitted in an interview that «The Museum concept is not infinitely expandable». He ascribed this to the rupture between the traditional aesthetic categories of painting and sculpture and the earthworks and conceptual art that were all the rage in those days. According to Rubin, this latter group called for an entirely different museum environment and, he added, perhaps a different public too. In saying: «The Museum concept is not infinitely expandable», Rubin was, in my opinion, implicitly referring to the problem of the museum as a public institution.
Meddelanden från forntiden
Authors: Bergvall Margareta
Published: August 2018

Messages from prehistory The paper briefly describes the history of signposting prehistoric sites and monuments in the Väster-norrland region of Northern Sweden. The author is critical of the routine way the information is offered and what it tells the reader. It is argued that the information contains only standardized phrases about the period the site belongs to and data about measurements that are largely obvious and unnecessary when you stand on the spot.
Notiser
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno
Published: August 2018

Thomas Hedman: Informationssökning för samhällsvetare och humanister Peter Englund: Brev från nollpunkten. Historiska essäer
Historien utställd
Authors: Lundberg Bengt
Published: August 2018

History exhibited The paper describes a research project carried out at the Department of Museology, Umeå University, the aim of which was to compare Swedish history as taught in the schools and as told in the exhibitions of four regional and municipal museums.
Walking and sensing at Faaborg Museum. Atmosphere and walk-along interviews at the museum
Authors: Madsen Tina Anette
Published: August 2018

Since 2009 the Danish Agency for Culture has conducted the national museum survey for all national and government approved museums to participate in. The survey has integrated “atmosphere” as an evaluation criterion and has documented that visitors seek and worship such experiences. Atmosphere, however, is intangible and some spaces can evoke atmosphere more than others, due to the way they initiate interplay of the senses beyond language. Museum curators need not know the visitors’ experience of atmosphere in detail to be able to pay attention to atmosphere, but there is a growing need to qualify the understanding of the visitors’ experience of atmosphere to influence the way museums engage in atmosphere as a curatorial means. This article proposes a way to explore the visitors’ experience of atmosphere by combining theories of atmosphere by Gernot Böhme and Juhani Pallasmaa with sensorial anthropology as defined by Tim Ingold and Jo Lee and applying sensory ethnography and the method of the walkalong interview, suggested by Sarah Pink as a method to bring forward the visitors’experience of atmospheric qualities. Faaborg Museum is used as a case and the analysis is based on four walk-along interviews partaken in 2016.
Our Museum. Studying museum communication for citizen engegement
Authors: Drotner Kirsten
Published: August 2018

Our Museum was initiated in 2016. It is a five-year Danish national research and development programme comprising seven university departments at five universities and eight museum partners. The project aims to facilitate new forms of citizen engagement and inclusion by developing and studying how museums communicate with audiences in innovative ways. In this text the background, aims, hypothesis and organization are presented.