bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular regulation of PPARγ/RXRα signaling by the novel cofactor ZFP407
Authors: Charrier Alyssa , Ockunzzi Jeremiah , Main Leighanne , Ghanta Siddharth V. , Buchner David A.
Published: May 2024

Cofactors interacting with PPARγ can regulate adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism by modulating the transcriptional activity and selectivity of PPARγ signaling. ZFP407 was previously demonstrated to regulate PPARγ target genes such as GLUT4, and its overexpression improved glucose homeostasis in mice. Here, using a series of molecular assays, including protein-interaction studies, mutagenesis, and ChIP-seq, ZFP407 was found to interact with the PPARγ/RXRα protein complex in the nucleus of adipocytes. Consistent with this observation, ZFP407 ChIP-seq peaks significantly overlapped with PPARγ ChIP-seq peaks, with more than half of ZFP407 peaks overlapping with PPARγ peaks. Transcription factor binding motifs enriched in these overlapping sites included CTCF, RARα/RXRγ, TP73, and ELK1, which regulate cellular development and function within adipocytes. Site-directed mutagenesis of frequent PPARγ phosphorylation or SUMOylation sites did not prevent its regulation by ZFP407, while mutagenesis of ZFP407 domains potentially necessary for RXR and PPARγ binding abrogated any impact of ZFP407 on PPARγ activity. These data suggest that ZFP407 controls the activity of PPARγ, but does so independently of post-translational modifications, likely by direct binding, establishing ZFP407 as a newly identified PPARγ cofactor. In addition, ZFP407 ChIP-seq analyses identified regions that did not overlap with PPARγ peaks. These non-overlapping peaks were significantly enriched for the transcription factor binding motifs of TBX19, PAX8, HSF4, and ZKSCAN3, which may contribute to the PPARγ-independent functions of ZFP407 in adipocytes and other cell types.
Restoration of normal central pain processing following manual therapy in nonspecific chronic neck pain
Authors: Mata Josu Zabala , Azkue Jon Jatsu , Bialosky Joel E. , Saez Marc , López Estíbaliz Dominguez , Arrieta Maialen Araolaza , Lascurain-Aguirrebeña Ion
Published: May 2024

Objective

To determine if a 4-week manual therapy treatment restores normal functioning of central pain processing mechanisms in non-specific chronic neck pain (NSCNP), as well as the existence of a possible relationship between changes in pain processing mechanisms and clinical outcome.

Design

Cohort study.

Methods

Sixty-three patients with NSCNP, comprising 79% female, with a mean age of 45.8 years (standard deviation: 14.3), received four treatment sessions (once a week) of manual therapy including articular passive mobilizations, soft tissue mobilization and trigger point treatment. Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and temporal summation of pain (TSP) were evaluated at baseline and after treatment completion. Therapy outcome was measured using the Global Rating of Change Scale (GROC), the Neck disability Index (NDI), intensity of pain during the last 24 hours, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Two sets of generalized linear mixed models with Gaussian response and the identity link were employed to evaluate the effect of the intervention on clinical, psychological and psychophysical measures and the association between psychophysical and clinical outcomes.

Results

Following treatment, an increased CPM response (Coefficient: 0.89; 95% credibility interval = 0.14 to 1.65; P = .99) and attenuated TSP (Coefficient: -0.63; 95% credibility interval = -0.82 to -0.43; P = 1.00) were found, along with amelioration of pain and improved clinical status. PPTs at trapezius muscle on the side of neck pain were increased after therapy (Coefficient: 0.22; 95% credibility interval = 0.03 to 0.42; P = .98), but not those on the contralateral trapezius and tibialis anterior muscles. Only minor associations were found between normalization of TSP/CPM and measures of clinical outcome.

Conclusion

Clinical improvement after manual therapy is accompanied by restoration of CPM and TSP responses to normal levels in NSCNP patients. The existence of only minor associations between changes in central pain processing and clinical outcome suggests multiple mechanisms of action of manual therapy in NSCNP.
Sampling clustering based on multi-view attribute structural relations
Authors: Tang Guoyang , Zhao Xueyi , Fu Yanyun , Ning Xiaolin
Published: May 2024

In light of the exponential growth in information volume, the significance of graph data has intensified. Graph clustering plays a pivotal role in graph data processing by jointly modeling the graph structure and node attributes. Notably, the practical significance of multi-view graph clustering is heightened due to the presence of diverse relationships within real-world graph data. Nonetheless, prevailing graph clustering techniques, predominantly grounded in deep learning neural networks, face challenges in effectively handling multi-view graph data. These challenges include the incapability to concurrently explore the relationships between multiple view structures and node attributes, as well as difficulties in processing multi-view graph data with varying features. To tackle these issues, this research proposes a straightforward yet effective multi-view graph clustering approach known as SLMGC. This approach uses graph filtering to filter noise, reduces computational complexity by extracting samples based on node importance, enhances clustering representations through graph contrastive regularization, and achieves the final clustering outcomes using a self-training clustering algorithm. Notably, unlike neural network algorithms, this approach avoids the need for intricate parameter settings. Comprehensive experiments validate the supremacy of the SLMGC approach in multi-view graph clustering endeavors when contrasted with prevailing deep neural network techniques.
The monsoon-associated equine South African pointy mosquito ‘Aedes caballus’; the first comprehensive record from southeastern Iran with a description of ecological, morphological, and molecular aspects
Authors: Nejati Jalil , Azari-Hamidian Shahyad , Oshaghi Mohammad Ali , Vatandoost Hassan , White Vanessa L. , Moosa-Kazemi Seyed H. , Bueno-Marí Rubén , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad A. , Endersby-Harshman Nancy M. , Axford Jason K. , Karimian Fateh , Koosha Mona , Choubdar Nayyereh , Hoffmann Ary A.
Published: May 2024

The equine South African pointy vector mosquito, Aedes caballus, poses a significant threat to human health due to its capacity for transmitting arboviruses. Despite favorable climate for its existence in southeast Iran, previous records of this species in the area have indicated very low abundance. This comprehensive field and laboratory study aimed to assess its current adult population status in this region, utilizing a combination of ecological, morphological and molecular techniques. Four distinct types of traps were strategically placed in three fixed and two variable mosquito sampling sites in the southern strip of Sistan and Baluchistan Province. Subsequently, DNA was extracted from trapped mosquitoes and subjected to PCR amplification using the molecular markers COI, ITS2, and ANT. In total, 1734 adult Ae. caballus specimens were collected from rural areas, with the majority being captured by CO2-baited bednet traps. A notable increase in the abundance of this species was observed following rainfall in February. The genetic analysis revealed multiple haplotypes based on COI and ITS2 sequences, with COI gene divergence at 0.89%, and ITS2 sequence divergence at 1.6%. This suggests that previous challenges in morphological identification may have led to misidentifications, with many adults previously classified as Ae. vexans potentially being Ae. caballus. The findings of this study hold significant implications for public health authorities, providing valuable insights for integrated and targeted vector control and disease management efforts.
Programmed cell death-1 is involved with peripheral blood immune cell profiles in patients with hepatitis C virus antiviral therapy
Authors: Miura Miyabi , Nishino Michiko , Kawaguchi Kazunori , Li Shihui , Shimakami Tetsuro , Tamai Toshikatsu , Nakagawa Hidetoshi , Terashima Takeshi , Iida Noriho , Takatori Hajime , Arai Kuniaki , Sakai Yoshio , Yamashita Tatsuya , Honda Masao , Kaneko Shuichi , Mizukoshi Eishiro , Yamashita Taro
Published: May 2024

Mutations in the non-structural protein regions of hepatitis C virus (HCV) are a cause of a non-sustained virological response (SVR) to treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for chronic hepatitis; however, there are non-SVR cases without these mutations. In this study, we examined immune cell profiles in peripheral blood before and after ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir treatment and screened for genes that could be used to predict the therapeutic effects of DAAs. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis indicated that the median frequencies of programmed cell death-1-positive (PD-1+) effector regulatory T cells (eTregs), PD-1+CD8+ T cells, and PD-1+Helper T cells were decreased significantly in SVR cases, but without significant changes in non-SVR cases. The frequency of PD-1+ naïve Tregs was significantly higher in the SVR group than in the non-SVR group before and after treatment. Similar results were found in patients treated with other DAAs (e.g., daclatasvir plus asunaprevir) and supported an immune response after HCV therapy. RNA-sequencing analysis indicated a significant increase in the expression of genes associated with the immune response in the SVR group, while genes related to intracellular and extracellular signal transduction were highly expressed in the non-SVR group. Therefore, we searched for genes associated with PD-1+ eTregs and CD8+ T cells that were significantly different between the SVR and non-SVR groups and found that T-box transcription factor 21 was associated with the non-SVR state. These results indicate that PD-1-related signaling pathways are associated with a non-SVR mechanism after DAAs treatment separate from mutation-related drug resistance.
The association between urinary incontinence and suicidal ideation: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Pan Ting , Zhang Zhiguo , He Tiantian , Zhang Chongyang , Liang Junjie , Wang Xinru , Di Xueshi , Hong Yuying , Bai Peng
Published: May 2024

Background

Urinary incontinence (UI) might be linked to suicidal ideation, but we do not yet have all the relevant details. This study aimed to dig deeper into the connection between UI and suicidal ideation using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods

We examined 31,891 participants aged ≥ 20 years from NHANES 2005–2018 who provided complete information. We used standardized surveys to check for UI and signs of suicidal ideation. To better understand this relationship, we used statistical tools such as multivariable logistic regression, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analyses.

Results

Among the 31,891 participants, 28.9% reported UI and 10.7% reported suicidal ideation. Those with UI exhibited a significantly greater incidence of suicidal ideation (15.5%) than did those without UI (8.8%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for various factors, including age, sex, marital status, socioeconomic status, educational level, lifestyle factors, and chronic comorbidities, UI remained significantly associated with suicidal ideation (OR:1.54, 95% CI = 1.39–1.7, P < 0.001). Among all types of UI, MUI participants were more likely to experience suicidal ideation. Compared with no UI, higher odds of suicidal ideation suffered from MUI (OR:2.11, 95%CI:1.83–2.44, P < 0.001), SUI (OR:1.4, 95%CI:1.19–1.65, P < 0.001), UUI(OR:1.37,95%CI:1.16–1.62, P < 0.001) after full adjustment. With the exception of individuals living with a partner, the remaining subgroups exhibited a positive correlation between urinary incontinence and suicidal ideation, considering that factors such as age, sex, and prevalent comorbidities such as hypertension, depression, and diabetes did not reveal any statistically significant interactions (all P > 0.05). Sensitivity analyses, incorporating imputed missing covariates, did not substantially alter the results (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.4–1.68, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Urinary incontinence may correlate with increased suicidal ideation risk, priority screening for suicidal ideation and timely intervention are essential for individuals with urinary incontinence, but prospective studies are needed to verify the results.
Development of pH-responsive Eudragit S100-functionalized silk fibroin nanoparticles as a prospective drug delivery system
Authors: Pham Duy Toan , Nguyen Doan Xuan Tien , Nguyen Ngoc Yen , Nguyen Thi Truc Linh , Nguyen Thanh Q. C. , Tu Anh Vo Thi , Nguyen Ngoc Huyen , Thuy Bui Thi Phuong
Published: May 2024

Silk fibroin nanoparticles (FNP) have been increasingly investigated in biomedical fields due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. To widen the FNP versatility and applications, and to control the drug release from the FNP, this study developed the Eudragit S100-functionalized FNP (ES100-FNP) as a pH-responsive drug delivery system, by two distinct methods of co-condensation and adsorption, employing the zwitterionic furosemide as a model drug. The particles were characterized by sizes and zeta potentials (DLS method), morphology (electron microscopy), drug entrapment efficiency and release profiles (UV-Vis spectroscopy), and chemical structures (FT-IR, XRD, and DSC). The ES100-FNP possessed nano-sizes of ∼200–350 nm, zeta potentials of ∼ -20 mV, silk-II structures, enhanced thermo-stability, non-cytotoxic to the erythrocytes, and drug entrapment efficiencies of 30%-60%, dependent on the formulation processes. Interestingly, the co-condensation method yielded the smooth spherical particles, whereas the adsorption method resulted in durian-shaped ones due to furosemide re-crystallization. The ES100-FNP adsorbed furosemide via physical adsorption, followed Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. In the simulated oral condition, the particles could protect the drug in the stomach (pH 1.2), and gradually released the drug in the intestine (pH 6.8). Remarkably, in different pH conditions of 6.8, 9.5, and 12, the ES100-FNP could control the furosemide release rates depending on the formulation methods. The ES100-FNP made by the co-condensation method was mainly controlled by the swelling and corrosion process of ES100, and followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas non-Fickian transport mechanism. Whereas, the ES100-FNP made by the adsorption method showed constant release rates, followed the zero-order kinetics, due to the gradual furosemide dissolution in the media. Conclusively, the ES100-FNP demonstrated high versatility as a pH-responsive drug delivery system for biomedical applications.
Application of the DEMATEL method for quantitative analysis of risk factors for railway investments in Poland
Authors: Kowalski Jan , Lendo-Siwicka Marzena , Skutnik Zdzisław , Mirosław-Świątek Dorota
Published: May 2024

The paper presents the results of research on the influence of risk factors on the implementation of railway investments in Poland (build stage) and deals with a detailed diagnosis of relation between factors. The application of DEcision MAking Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method for the analyses allowed to develop a cause-and-effect model of key factors and analyse the importance of the factors. Eleven factors identified in eariel studies as the most important risk factors were examined. It was found that the factors: errors in the preparation of tender documents (10.38%), errors in project documentation (10.02%), improperly estimated time of completion of the investment by the Employer (9.82%), internal regulations of PKP Polskie Koleje Państwowe S.A. (Polish State Railways) not coordinated with the provisions of contracts (9.51%) have the highest degree of importance. Factors: too many external institutions involved in the investment process and internal regulations of PKP Polskie Koleje Państwowe S.A. (Polish State Railways) not coordinated with the provisions of contracts, have the greatest net impact on the other factors. The relations between the factors and factors importance are valuable knowledge for engineers, enabling the project to be implemented according to the planned schedule and investment cost.
Food price trends during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Authors: Andrade Giovanna Calixto , Caldeira Thaís Cristina Marquezine , Mais Laís Amaral , Bortoletto Martins Ana Paula , Claro Rafael Moreira
Published: May 2024

The present study aims to analyze the trends in food price in Brazil with emphasis on the period of the Covid-19 pandemic (from March 2020 to March 2022). Data from the Brazilian Household Budget Survey and the National System of Consumer Price Indexes were used as input to create a novel data set containing monthly prices (R$/Kg) for the foods and beverages most consumed in the country between January 2018 and March 2022. All food items were divided according to the Nova food classification system. We estimated the mean price of each food group for each year of study and the entire period. The monthly price of each group was plotted to analyze changes from January 2018 to March 2022. Fractional polynomial models were used to synthesize price changes up to 2025. Results of the present study showed that in Brazil unprocessed or minimally processed foods and processed culinary ingredients were more affordable than processed and ultra-processed foods. However, trend analyses suggested the reversal of the pricing pattern. The anticipated changes in the prices of minimally processed food relative to ultra-processed food, initially forecasted for Brazil, seem to reflect the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the global economy. These results are concerning as the increase in the price of healthy foods aggravates food and nutrition insecurity in Brazil. Additionally, this trend encourages the replacement of traditional meals for the consumption of unhealthy foods, increasing a health risk to the population.
Exploring the determinants of risk behavior for transfusion transmissible infections among first-time blood donors in Mandalay General Hospital, Myanmar
Authors: Oo Myo Zin , Tint Soe Sandi , Wiwatkunupakarn Nutchar , Panza Alessio , Angkurawaranon Chaisiri , Oo Kyaw Min
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Blood donation is vital to healthcare, but it must be kept safe by mitigating the risk of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs). The objective of this study was to investigate the factors that influence risk behavior for transfusion transmissible infections among first-time blood donors at Mandalay General Hospital, Myanmar.

Methods

This study utilized a cross-sectional study design using secondary data. Mandalay city and Mandalay Blood Bank in Mandalay General Hospital were purposely selected and a total of 406 first-time blood donors participated. A structured questionnaire administered by an interviewer was used. The questionnaire contained background characteristics, knowledge on TTIs, attitude toward TTIs, and TTIs risk behaviors. To examine the determinants (background characteristics, knowledge, and attitude) that affect risk behavior, inferential statistics techniques that included the chi-squared test, bivariable logistic regression, and multivariable logistic regression were applied. A p-value of less than 0.05 signified statistical significance.

Results

Among 406 first-time blood donors, 52.9% were under 20 years old, and 53.7% were male. Most had undergraduate education (77.6%), were married (84.2%), and were students (55.7%). Additionally, 76.8% hadn’t received the hepatitis B vaccine. Blood groups were distributed as follows: B (40.0%), O (33.8%), A (23.4%), AB (8.9%). About 15.8% showed high knowledge level, and 63.6% had high attitude. Notably, 29.3% exhibited high-risk behavior for TTIs. Age was associated with lower risk behavior (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 0.99, 2.38, p = 0.049), but lost significance in multivariable regression (p = 0.214). Knowledge on TTIs didn’t show significance. However, high attitudes were significantly associated with lower risk behavior (OR = 11.4, 95% CI: 1.25, 103.83, p = 0.017, retained in multivariable regression, p = 0.012).

Conclusion

Findings of this study contribute in the development of programs that ensure a safe and reliable blood supply chain. To improve blood safety standards among first-time blood donors, this study highlights the value of targeted education and screening processes, placing particular emphasis on acquiring knowledge and positive attitude toward blood donation and risk behavior.
Factors influencing female students’ entrepreneurial intention in vocational colleges: A multi-group analysis based on household income
Authors: Wang Rong , Liu Rubing
Published: May 2024

Female entrepreneurs have irreplaceable status and essential significance in entrepreneurship research. Improving females’ entrepreneurial intentions is an important topic in this area. Accordingly, this study, based on the theory of planned behavior, investigates the factors that affect female students’ entrepreneurial intention at China’s vocational colleges and whether household income moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial education, attitude, competence, self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention. 2149 females from vocational colleges in Guangdong Province, Zhejiang Province, and Jiangxi Province were randomly chosen to participate in the study. They had taken part in entrepreneurial courses throughout 2021–2022. In addition, data were analyzed by structural equation modeling partial least squares. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial education did not directly affect female students’ intentions. Entrepreneurial competence, self-efficacy, and attitude positively affect entrepreneurial intention. It is further concluded that household income significantly moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial education, attitude, competence, and intention. However, there is no significant difference in the relationship between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention between high and low-household-income students. While females continue to confront sexism in the workplace, it is crucial that we conduct empirical research into the factors influencing female entrepreneurial intention to boost economic growth and gender parity. This research helps bridge a gap in the prior literature and adds substantial value to encouraging female entrepreneurs.
Brain health index as a predictor of possible vascular dementia in the Mexican health and aging study 2012–2015
Authors: Aguilar-Navarro Sara G. , Yeverino-Castro Sara G. , Mejía-Arango Silvia , Moctezuma Rogelio , Juárez-Cedillo Teresa , Mimenza-Alvarado Alberto José
Published: May 2024

To determine the burden of disease among subjects at risk of developing stroke or dementia, brain health indexes (BHI) tend to rely on anatomical features. Recent definitions emphasize the need of a broader perspective that encompasses cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFS) and lifestyle components which can be considered partial contributors to optimal brain health. In this study, we aimed to establish the association and risk detected by a Brain Health Index and the risk of possible vascular dementia (PVD) using data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) 2012–2015. The MHAS is a longitudinal study of adults aged ≥ 50 years. We analyzed the data obtained between 2012 and 2015. CVRFS included in the index were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, myocardial infarction, depression, obesity, physical inactivity, and smoking history. A PVD diagnosis was established when scores in the Cross-Cultural Cognitive Examination were below reference norms and limitations in ≥1 instrumental activities of daily living and a history of stroke were present. A multinomial regression model was developed to determine the association between BHI scores and PVD. In 2015, 75 PVD cases were identified. Mean age was 67.1 ±13.2 years, 35.8% were female, and the mean educational level was 5.8 ±5.5 years. In cases with a higher score in the BHI, the model revealed a hazards ratio of 1.63 (95% CI: 1.63–1.64, p< 0.001) for PVD. In this longitudinal study, with the use of a feasible multifactorial BHI in the Mexican population, a greater score was associated with a 1.63-fold risk of developing PVD during the 3-year follow-up, while the risk for stroke was 1.75. This index could potentially be used to predict the risk of PVD in adults with modifiable CVRFS.
SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 modulates lung inflammation and clinical disease progression
Authors: McGrath Marisa E. , Xue Yong , Taylor Louis , Dillen Carly , Ardanuy Jeremy , Gonzalez-Juarbe Norberto , Baracco Lauren , Kim Raymond , Hart Rebecca , Assad-Garcia Nacyra , Vashee Sanjay , Frieman Matthew B.
Published: May 2024

The virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, is the causative agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic. It possesses a large 30 kilobase (kb) genome that encodes structural, non-structural, and accessory proteins. Although not necessary to cause disease, these accessory proteins are known to influence viral replication and pathogenesis. Through the synthesis of novel infectious clones of SARS-CoV-2 that lack one or more of the accessory proteins of the virus, we have found that one of these accessory proteins, ORF8, is critical for the modulation of the host inflammatory response. Mice infected with a SARS-CoV-2 virus lacking ORF8 exhibit increased weight loss and exacerbated macrophage infiltration into the lungs. Additionally, infection of mice with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 viruses encoding ORF8 mutations found in variants of concern reveal that naturally occurring mutations in this protein influence disease severity. Our studies with a virus lacking this ORF8 protein and viruses possessing naturally occurring point mutations in this protein demonstrate that this protein impacts pathogenesis.
Mitotic deacetylase complex (MiDAC) recognizes the HIV-1 core promoter to control activated viral gene expression
Authors: Wilhelm Emmanuelle , Poirier Mikaël , Da Rocha Morgane , Bédard Mikaël , McDonald Patrick P. , Lavigne Pierre , Hunter Christie L. , Bell Brendan
Published: May 2024

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integrates into the host genome forming latent cellular reservoirs that are an obstacle for cure or remission strategies. Viral transcription is the first step in the control of latency and depends upon the hijacking of the host cell RNA polymerase II (Pol II) machinery by the 5’ HIV LTR. Consequently, “block and lock” or “shock and kill” strategies for an HIV cure depend upon a full understanding of HIV transcriptional control. The HIV trans-activating protein, Tat, controls HIV latency as part of a positive feed-forward loop that strongly activates HIV transcription. The recognition of the TATA box and adjacent sequences of HIV essential for Tat trans-activation (TASHET) of the core promoter by host cell pre-initiation complexes of HIV (PICH) has been shown to be necessary for Tat trans-activation, yet the protein composition of PICH has remained obscure. Here, DNA-affinity chromatography was employed to identify the mitotic deacetylase complex (MiDAC) as selectively recognizing TASHET. Using biophysical techniques, we show that the MiDAC subunit DNTTIP1 binds directly to TASHET, in part via its CTGC DNA motifs. Using co-immunoprecipitation assays, we show that DNTTIP1 interacts with MiDAC subunits MIDEAS and HDAC1/2. The Tat-interacting protein, NAT10, is also present in HIV-bound MiDAC. Gene silencing revealed a functional role for DNTTIP1, MIDEAS, and NAT10 in HIV expression in cellulo. Furthermore, point mutations in TASHET that prevent DNTTIP1 binding block the reactivation of HIV by latency reversing agents (LRA) that act via the P-TEFb/7SK axis. Our data reveal a key role for MiDAC subunits DNTTIP1, MIDEAS, as well as NAT10, in Tat-activated HIV transcription and latency. DNTTIP1, MIDEAS and NAT10 emerge as cell cycle-regulated host cell transcription factors that can control activated HIV gene expression, and as new drug targets for HIV cure strategies.
CONTENT OF CATECHINS IN LEAVES AND ROOTS OF COMARUM SALESOVIANUM AND COMARUM PALUSTRE (ROSACEAE)
Authors: Kukushkina Татьяна Абдулхаиловна , Kostikova Vera Andreevna , Khramova Elena Petrovna
Published: May 2024

The search for additional sources of catechins among the local flora is relevant today. The method for determining the content of catechins by the spectrophotometric method in the leaves of the subshrub Zalesov's cinquefoil (Comarum salesovianum (Steph.) Asch. et Graebn.) from the Rosaceae Juss. family was validated. The content of catechins in terms of (±)-catechin in the leaves and rhizomes of two species of the genus Comarum ‒ C. salesovianum and C. palustre L. (marsh cinquefoil) was studied. The highest content of catechins was found in the roots of C. palustre (4%) and leaves of C. salesovianum (2.58%). A method for determining the composition and content of individual catechins in the leaves and roots of two representatives of the genus Comarum by high-performance liquid chromatography has been proposed. Three catechins [(±)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin] were found in leaves and roots. (±)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin are predominant in the leaves and roots of C. palustre and C. salesovianum. The content of epigallocatechin gallate does not exceed 0.1 mg/g. The concentration of (±)-catechin is highest in the roots (1.21 mg/g) of C. palustre, and (-)-epicatechin is highest in the leaves (1.35 mg/g) of C. salesovianum.
Novel Natures ‐ New technologies and conflicts in nature conservation.: An introduction to the Special Focus
Authors: Kelz Rosine , Heger Tina
Published: May 2024

Natural environments are undergoing significant changes due to human influences. At the same time, new technologies are emerging with the promise to provide solutions to environmental crises. This Special Focus on Novel Natures ‐ New technologies and conflicts in nature
conservation emphasizes the need for in-depth debates about human relationships with natural environments and technologies. Under the heading of novel natures, we want to open the floor for cross-disciplinary debate, preparing the ground for conscientious, well-informed, and equitable
decision-making in nature conservation and restoration.
From novel ecosystems to novel natures
Authors: Montana Jasper , Heger Tina , Kelz Rosine , Bischoff Armin , Buitenwerf Rob , Eser Uta , Kung Katie , Sattler Julia , Schweiger Andreas H. , Searle Adam , Teixeira Leonardo H. , Travassos-Britto Bruno , Higgs Eric
Published: May 2024

Ecologists, particularly restoration ecologists, were early to recognise the challenges of historically unprecedented combinations of species and abiotic conditions brought about by human intervention. However, to date, this ecological understanding has paid limited attention to
sociocultural considerations. We propose the concept of novel natures to combine ecological and social dimensions in the perception and evaluation of novelty in nature, and to assist conservation and restoration decision-making in a time of rapid environmental change.
Embracing change: Invasive species and novel ecosystems
Authors: Kung Katie , Teixeira Leonardo H. , Travassos-Britto Bruno , Eser Uta , Santana Carlos Gray
Published: May 2024

Combining ecological and socio-cultural analysis, we propose embracing the future-oriented concept of novel ecosystems. This perspective offers an alternative to the backwards-looking conservation attitude that uses metaphors of biological invasion, for example. With the case study
of species whose range is shifting to include cities, we show that in a world of environmental novelty, effective conservation thinking must supplement narratives of invasive species with those about climate refugee species and novel ecosystems.
Setting up the Legislative Framework for the Introduction of a Regulatory Sandbox: the Czech Perspective
Authors: Sharp Vladimír , Blahoudková Gabriela
Published: May 2024

This paper delves into the intricate intersection of the phenomenon of regulatory sandboxes and public law and focuses on the issue of legislative empowerment for the establishment of a regulatory sandbox. Based on the example of the Czech Republic, which lacks a fully operational regulatory sandbox, the study investigates the legislative prerequisites for initiating such a framework. Using the qualitative doctrinal research, the authors examine diverse conceptual frameworks, aiming to identify the optimal legislative approach for implementing and sustaining a regulatory sandbox. Notably, the study scrutinizes the viability of constructing a regulatory sandbox under general administrative empowerment clauses within the Czech legal context, considering the principles of legality and intra vires doctrine inherent in continental administrative law. The research contributes insights to the ongoing discourse on regulatory sandboxes, providing a nuanced understanding of the legislative prerequisites for their operation, with a focus on the specific challenges and opportunities within the Czech regulatory landscape.
Going Local: An Agency-Based Approach to Collapse, Resistance, and Resilience in Hittite Anatolia
Authors: Gerçek N. İlgi
Published: May 2024

Crisis and collapse have long been prominent themes in Hittite studies (much more so than the related topics of resistance and resilience) and most of the extant body of scholarship on these themes have concentrated on the disintegration of the Hittite Empire around 1200 BCE. Though the events, conditions and processes that culminated in the disintegration of the Hittite Empire elude historical reconstruction, recent studies have unanimously rejected monocausal explanations of collapse in favor of the view that it was brought about by a combination of factors – internal, external, acute or chronic. In Hittite scholarship, the study of collapse and its aftermath have typically operated within a markedly state-centered and progressivist framework, focusing primarily on figuring out “what went wrong.” Meanwhile, especially in text-based studies, the agency and resilience of local, small(er)-scale, peripheral, and non-state individuals and communities, as well as their role in the construction, maintenance, and collapse of the Hittite empire, remain largely overlooked. The aim of the present paper is to shift the focus and scale of analysis away from the state, and to draw out from the textual record, the long-term agency, resistance, and resilience of local, small-scale, and often non-state individuals, communities, or socio-political institutions, which have typically been left out of text-based modern narratives. This paper will reassess the prominent view of the Hittite king (and state) as the absolute political, military, judicial, and religious authority, and argue that certain local and non-state communities and socio-political institutions exercised diverse kinds of agency, were remarkably resilient in the long term, and survived the final collapse of the Hittite state. In order to situate the inquiry in its broader scholarly and intellectual context, it will begin with an overview of where things stand in the study of the Hittite collapse. The next step will be to identify individual or collective local actors in the textual record. It will lastly focus on the interactions of diverse local agents with the Hittite state.
HLA-DRB5 promotes immune thrombocytopenia via activating CD8+ T cells
Authors: Ye Qidong , Ying Qianqian , Chen Ying , Liao Cong , Li Anrong
Published: May 2024

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a low platelet (PLT) count and a high risk of bleeding, the clinical treatment for which still needs to be upgraded. Based on the critical role of human leukocyte antigen class II heterodimer β5 (HLA-DRB5) in immune system, we herein investigated its effect on ITP. ITP murine models were established by the injection of guinea pig anti-mouse platelet serum (GP-APS), and the PLT of mouse peripheral blood was counted during the modeling. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot and immunofluorescence assay was performed to quantify expressions of HLA-DRB5, major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II) and co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86). Flow cytometry was conducted to analyze the percentage of CD8+ T cells. As a result, the PLT count was decreased in mouse peripheral blood. Expressions of HLA-DRB5, MHC-II and co-stimulatory molecules, as well as the percentage of CD8+ T cells were elevated in peripheral blood of ITP mice. HLA-DRB5 knockdown mitigated ITP by increasing peripheral PLT level, downregulating expressions of MHC-II and co-stimulatory molecules and inactivating CD8+ T cells. Collectively, the downregulation of HLA-DRB5 restores the peripheral PLT count in ITP mice by reducing MHC-II-mediated antigen presentation of macrophages to inhibit the activation of CD8+ T cells.
Nanoformulations for lysozyme-based additives in animal feed: An alternative to fight antibiotic resistance spread
Authors: Aratboni Hossein Alishah , Olvera Clarita , Ayala Marcela
Published: May 2024

The problem of antibiotic resistance (AR) in pathogenic bacteria due to the massive use of antibiotics in animals is an underestimated issue. Finding alternatives to reduce or eliminate the appearance and spread of AR is a pressing issue for humanity. Enzymes with antibiotic properties may serve as antimicrobial agents, less prone to generating AR due to their proteic nature and mode of action. Lysozyme is a natural antimicrobial agent, amenable to replacing small-molecule antibiotics in animal farming (poultry and livestock) due to its similar effects on animal health and growth. Moreover, it is safe for human and animal consumption and environmentally friendly due to its biodegradability. The development and testing against pathogens of lysozyme-containing nanomaterials fabricated with biocompatible polymers, particularly polysaccharides is reviewed, focusing on their antimicrobial properties, often superior to lysozyme alone due to a synergistic effect of the nanoscaled materials.
A homotopic analysis of the blood-based bioconvection Carreau–Yasuda hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet with convective conditions
Authors: Yasmin Humaira , AL-Essa Laila A. , Bossly Rawan , Alrabaiah Hussam , Lone Showkat Ahmad , Saeed Anwar
Published: May 2024

The time-independent and incompressible blood-based hybrid nanofluid flow, including Au and Cu nanoparticles across an expanding sheet, has been studied. To illustrate the non-Newtonian performance of the blood-based hybrid nanofluid flow, a non-Newtonian model known as the Carreau–Yasuda model is used. The hybrid nanofluid flow is studied under the influence of magnetic effects, thermal radiation, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and chemical reactivity. Homotopy analysis method (HAM) is employed to evaluate the modeled equations. A study is conducted on the convergence analysis of HAM, and the HAM and numerical analyses are compared. From the present analysis, the velocity profile increases with an increase in Weissenberg number and decreases with increasing magnetic factor. The temperature, concentration, and microorganisms profiles increase in tandem with the higher thermal Biot, concentration Biot, and microorganism Biot numbers. The thermal and concentration profiles, respectively, have decreased due to the larger thermal and concentration relaxation time factors. The microorganism profiles have decreased due to the increased bioconvection of Lewis and Peclet populations. The modeled equations can be solved by both the HAM and the numerical approaches, validating both approaches to solution.
Cymbopogon proximus phytochemicals induce S-phase arrest in A549 lung cancer cell lines via CDK2/cyclin A2 inhibition: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and molecular docking analyses
Authors: Seif-Eldein Noha A. , Abu El Wafa Salwa A. , Mohammed Esraa Z. , Temraz Abeer
Published: May 2024

Cymbopogon proximus comprises several phytoconstituent classes that are reported to possess anticancer activity; however, studies on the anticancer potentials of the plant are lacking. C. proximus was extracted using solvents with increasing polarity. In-vitro cytotoxic activity of C. proximus extracts was examined against liver (HepG2), lung (A549), prostate (PC3), and bone (MG63) cell lines using MTT assay in comparison to doxorubicin. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle for identification of the phase of inhibition. Chemical composition of the most active fraction was examined using the GC/MS technique. Molecular docking was used to explore the mechanism of cytotoxicity against A549, and the results were confirmed by Western blot analysis. Petroleum ether fraction was the highly effective fraction against A549 with IC50 = 14.02 ± 2.79. GC/MS analysis of Pet.Eth led to the identification of nine compounds in unsaponifiable matter and 27 components in the saponifiable fraction. Di-N-octyl phthalate, 3-β-hydroxylean-11.13(18)-dien-30-oic acid methyl ester, elemol hydrocarbons, linoelaidic acid and linoleic acid demonstrated the lowest docking binding scores and similar binding modes against CDK2 as compared to that attained by the native ligand R-Roscovitine “CDK2 ATP inhibitor”. Western blot analysis demonstrated that CDK2/cyclinA2 protein expression has been suppressed in A549 cell lines by Pet.Eth fraction.
Self, Narrative, Communication
Authors: Szécsi Gábor
Published: May 2024

This article examines how the concept of narrative crystallized within the framework of the philosophy of mind, cognitive linguistics and narrative psychology can shed light on the role of intentional state attribution in the process of communication. The primary aim of this investigation is to shed new light on the presupposition that narrative can be regarded as a tool of communicating representations of intentional relations and events between individuals by verbal and nonverbal means. The paper argues that by illuminating the meaning-creating role of conceptual relationships emerging within narrative frameworks, we can also grasp how to attribute intentionalstates (eg. intention, belief, desire, hope, or fear) to our communication partners using narrative-oriented interpretation schemes, and thus to infer their intentions in communication. Based on this tenet the present article suggests possible answer to questions like what basic types of narratives determine the effectiveness of everyday communication processes; and how this concept-meaning connection embedded in narrative structures can become a factor of self-creation in everyday discourse.
Suggestive Magic of Van Gogh in Heidegger's Interpretation
Authors: Busku Szilvia
Published: May 2024

The present paper brings to the fore the unforeseen fit and harmony of Heidegger's artwork with the world, and supports the above statement with relevant details. On the one hand, it touches on the Heideggerian conception that takes the interpretation of art in a different direction, making it clear by eliminating established notions of appearance, and on the other hand, it outlines how Heidegger interprets Van Gogh's painting A Pair of Shoes, which has become particularly famous because of the controversy surrounding it. I will present Heidegger's highly perceptive interpretation of the original peasant world through the lens of reviews by Frederic Jameson, Meyer Schapiro and Jacques Derrida.
Concept of Enculturation in a Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Vehrer Adél
Published: May 2024

The forms of early education for children have remained essentially unchanged for centuries. In examining this, the observations of ancient philosophers coincide with the findings of 20th century social science research. The present paper reviews the terminology, definitions and interpretations of this early phase of education. The main key concepts discussed are inculcation (cultural integration), enculturation and socialization.
Preparation and oxygen-evolution-reaction performance of sulphur-doped flower-like NiFe-based composites supported on biomass porous carbon
Authors:   School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China, Lou Q. , Zhong S. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China, Li T. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China, Ling S. ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
Published: May 2024

Hydrogen gas generated through water electrolysis can replace fossil fuels. Thus, developing cost-effective and efficient water-splitting electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction is highly important. Herein, biomass-porous-carbon-supported sulphur-doped flower-like NiFe-based alloy composites are prepared using an in situ impregnation–heat treatment technology. The spherical flower (diameter ≈ 1 μm, petal thickness ≈ 20 nm) main components are Ni0.5Fe0.5 and Fe9Ni9S16. The 800 °C heat-treated catalyst demonstrates outstanding catalytic performance in oxygen evolution reactions. At a current density of 10 mA cm−2 , it exhibits a minimal overpotential of 298.62 mV
Preparation and tribologic properties of Ti and Zr nitride multilayer coatings
Authors:   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploieşti, Giagkas N. , Nasr J. ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploieşti, Matei D. ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploieşti, Vizireanu S. ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploieşti, Cursaru D. L. ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploieşti, Mihai S. ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploieşti
Published: May 2024

This paper focuses on synthesis and characterization of Zr/Ti and Ti/Zr nitride multilayer coatings by magnetron plasma sputtering to enhance the tribologic properties. The synthesis of nitrides was achieved by non-reactive deposition using Ti or Zr nitride targets or by reactive deposition using Ti or Zr targets in the presence of nitrogen. The formation of nitride layers was highlighted by XRD, EDX and XPS investigations, while the tribologic properties were made with HFRR equipment. The tribological study showed that the coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter decrease in multilayer films with zirconium nitride as the upper layer.
INCLUDING A SIX-PHASE WINDING IN A THREE-PHASE NETWORK
Authors:   Odesa Polytechnic National University, Bіelikova L. Ya. , Сhaikovsky V. P. ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Recently, many publications have appeared on the Internet about a “combined” winding for a three-phase motor with 24 stator slots. The winding design is two-layer or single-layer. It is proposed to connect two star and delta circuits in one winding. Connected windings with parallel and series connection of phases were considered. Keywords: number of stator slots, winding diagram, parallel branches, number of phases.