bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vallecular cyst causing sleep-disordered breathing in an older child
Authors: Cooper Dylan J , Mitzner Ron , Gantwerker Eric A
Published: April 2024

Consensus-based recommendations are needed to better guide paediatric otolaryngologists in providing standardised care to children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Here we present a unique case of vallecular cyst found during SDB workup in a patient in their middle childhood (6–12 years old). While the patient underwent successful cyst resection, he was noted to have a suspected recurrence 6 months later. Immediately prior to revision excision, repeat awake flexible fibre-optic laryngoscopy revealed complete resolution of the suspected recurrence. This case underscores the significance of performing a complete upper airway examination, including endoscopic examination, to identify structural and anatomical lesions in older children with SDB.
A core-lab adjudicated analysis of single-stent assisted coiling of wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms
Authors: Siddiqui Aliya , Fargen Kyle M , Vranic Justin E , Patel Aman B , Ogilvy Christopher S , Thomas Ajith J , Mascitelli Justin R , Fifi Johanna T , Mocco J , De Leacy Reade Andrew
Published: April 2024

Background and purpose

Core-lab adjudicated data regarding the efficacy of the single-stent assisted aneurysm coiling technique ‘L-stenting’ are lacking. We present a multicenter, core-lab adjudicated study evaluating the safety and effectiveness of single-stent assisted coiling in the treatment of wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms (WNBAs).

Methods

Consecutive patients who underwent L-stenting for WNBAs at three academic institutions between 2015 and 2019 were included in this retrospective study. Clinical safety and efficacy outcomes were gathered from the patient chart, and angiographic imaging was evaluated by core lab analysis. Safety and efficacy outcomes were summarized and predictors of safety and efficacy were calculated.

Results

Of 128 patients treated, 124 had angiographic outcome data at last follow-up. Of those, 110 had adequate (core-lab adjudicated modified Raymond Roy (mRR) score of 1 or 2) occlusion (88.7%). During follow-up, 19 patients (14.8%) required retreatment. There were 17 complications experienced in 12 patients: intraoperative (n=8, 6.25%), perioperative (n=5, 3.9%), or delayed (n=6; n=4 attributed to device/procedure, 3.1%). Significant predictors of complete occlusion were smaller aneurysm size and use of the jailing technique (P=0.0276). Significant predictors of retreatment were larger size, neck size, and larger dome to neck ratio (P=0.0008).

Conclusion

This study provides multicenter, core-lab adjudicated angiographic data regarding the efficacy of single-stent assisted coiling for WNBAs. This study acts as a validated comparator for future studies investigating novel devices or techniques for treating this challenging subgroup of aneurysms.
Precarious employment in young adulthood and later alcohol-related morbidity: a register-based cohort study
Authors: Thern Emelie , Elling Devy L , Badarin Kathryn , Hernando Rodríguez Julio César , Bodin Theo
Published: April 2024

Objectives

The prevalence of precarious employment is increasing, particularly among young adults where less is known about the long-term health consequences. The present study aims to test if being precariously employed in young adulthood is associated with an increased risk of alcohol-related morbidity later in life.

Methods

A register-based cohort study was conducted in Sweden. The Swedish Work, Illness, and Labor-market Participation (SWIP) cohort was used to identify individuals who were aged 27 years between 2000 and 2003 (n=339 403). Information on labour market position (precarious employment, long-term unemployment, substandard employment and standard employment relations) was collected for young people 3 years after graduation from school using nationwide registers. Details about alcohol-related morbidity during a 28-year follow-up period were collected from the National Hospital Discharge Register. Data on sex, age, country of birth, education and previous poor health were also obtained from the registers.

Results

Young adults in precarious employment had an increased risk of alcohol-related morbidity compared with individuals of the same age in standard employment (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.32 to 1.55), after adjusting for several important covariates. A stronger association was found among young men who were precariously employed compared with young women.

Conclusion

This nationwide register-based study conducted in Sweden with a long-term follow-up suggests that being precariously employed in young adulthood is associated with an increased risk of alcohol-related morbidity later in life.
OXIDATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMAL-SPRAYED COBALT-BASED SUPERALLOY COATINGS: A REVIEW
Authors: SURESH KUMAR S. , RAVIPRAKASH M. , PRASAD C. DURGA , CHIKKANGOUDAR R. N. , SOLLAPUR SHRISHAIL B. , KHARCHE YUGESH A. , NARWADE GAUTAM JALBA
Published: April 2024

Superalloys go through cyclic oxidation which refers to the progression of reputed exposure of materials to alternating oxidizing and non-oxidizing environments at high temperatures. The oxidation behavior of cobalt-based superalloy coatings depends on several variables, including the environment, surface roughness, manufacturing conditions, & coating composition. Because of their higher temperatures and protective oxide layer, coatings with a greater cobalt concentration are more oxidation-resistant. The behavior of oxidation is influenced by surface roughness, where rough surfaces offer greater surface area to oxidation while smooth surfaces decrease interaction with the environment. The microstructure and porosity of the coating are further impacted by processing variables used in thermal spraying, including temperature, particles velocity, and spray distance. Adding reactive components to the coating composition, such as silicon and aluminum, and applying post-treatments like nitriding or sealing are two ways to increase oxidation resistance. A greater temperature and particle speed can lead to a denser with less porous covering, improving the oxidation process resistance. The two typically used heat spraying techniques are high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) and plasma spraying. To increase the resistance to oxidation of thermal spray cobalt-based superalloy coating, some strategies have been devised, such as inclusion of reactive materials, such as aluminum and silicon, which is the coating composition. These elements may establish an oxide layer protecting the coating’s appearance, preventing further oxidation.
Integration of Sensing, Communication, and Computing for Metaverse: A Survey
Authors: Wang Xiaojie , Guo Qi , Ning Zhaolong , Guo Lei , Wang Guoyin , Gao Xinbo , Zhang Yan
Published: April 2024

The metaverse is an
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
-generated virtual world, in which people can game, work, learn, and socialize. The realization of metaverse not only requires a large amount of computing resources to realize the rendering of the virtual world, but also requires communication resources to realize real-time transmission of massive data to ensure a good user experience. The metaverse is currently moving from fiction to reality with the development of advanced technologies represented by AI, blockchain, extended reality, and
Digital Twins (DT)
. However, due to the shortage of communication as well as computing resources, how to realize secure and efficient data interaction between the virtual and the real is an important issue for the metaverse. In this article, we first discuss the characteristics and architecture of the metaverse and introduce its enabling technologies. To cope with the conflict between limited resources and user demands, the article next introduces an  
Integrated Sensing, Communication, and Computing (SCC)
technology and describes its basic principles and related characteristics of SCC. After that, solutions based on SCC in the metaverse scenarios are summarized and relevant lessons are summarized. Finally, we discuss some research challenges and open issues.
Wages: The Worst Transistor Aging Analysis for Large-scale Analog Integrated Circuits via Domain Generalization
Authors: Chen Tinghuan , Geng Hao , Sun Qi , Wan Sanping , Sun Yongsheng , Yu Huatao , Yu Bei
Published: April 2024

Transistor aging leads to the deterioration of analog circuit performance over time. The worst aging degradation is used to evaluate the circuit reliability. It is extremely expensive to obtain it since several circuit stimuli need to be simulated. The worst degradation collection cost reduction brings an inaccurate training dataset when a machine learning (ML) model is used to fast perform the estimation. Motivated by the fact that there are many similar subcircuits in large-scale analog circuits, in this article we propose
Wages
to train an ML model on an inaccurate dataset for the worst aging degradation estimation via a domain generalization technique. A sampling-based method on the feature space of the transistor and its neighborhood subcircuit is developed to replace inaccurate labels. A consistent estimation for the worst degradation is enforced to update model parameters. Label updating and model updating are performed alternately to train an ML model on the inaccurate dataset. Experimental results on the very advanced 5
nm
technology node show that our Wages can significantly reduce the label collection cost with a negligible estimation error for the worst aging degradations compared to the traditional methods.
Electrochemical Investigations and Molecular Docking Analysis to Evaluate the Molnupiravir-Calf Thymus dsDNA Interaction
Authors: Kucuk Ipek , Unal Didem Nur , Karayel Arzu , Kurbanoglu Sevinc , Uslu Bengi
Published: April 2024

Molnupiravir (MLP) is an important antiviral drug recommended for the treatment of COVID-19. In order to design new pharmaceuticals, exploring drug and DNA interaction is crucial. This study aimed to determine the interaction of MLP with calf thymus double-stranded DNA (ct-dsDNA) by electrochemical methods. Investigation of these interactions was carried out using the differential pulse voltammetry technique (DPV) on the biosensor surface and in-solution studies. Changes in ct-dsDNA between deoxyguanosine (dGuo) and deoxyadenosine (dAdo) oxidation signals were examined before and after the interaction. It was found that MLP interacts significantly with bases of ct-dsDNA dAdo. Limits of detection and quantification for MLP-ct-dsDNA interaction were calculated as 2.93 and 9.67 μM in the linear range of 10–200 μM, respectively, based on dAdo’s decreasing peak current. To calculate the binding constant of MLP and ct-dsDNA, cyclic voltammetry was used, and it was found to be 8.6 × 104 M. As for molecular docking techniques, the binding energy of MLP with DNA is −8.1 kcal mol−1, and this binding occurred by a combination of strong conventional hydrogen bonding to both adenine and guanine base pair edges, which indicates the interaction of MLP with DNA.
Symmetry and synchrony of bimanual movements are not predicated on interlimb control coupling
Authors: Yuk Jisung , Kitchen Nick M. , Przybyla Andrzej , Scheidt Robert A. , Sainburg Robert L.
Published: April 2024

Previously, the control coupling hypothesis and task-dependent control hypothesis have been shown to be robust in the bimanually symmetrical movement, but whether the same policy remains robust in the bimanually asymmetrical movement remains unclear. Here, with evidence from empirical and simulation data, we show that a spatiotemporal symmetry between the arms is not predicated on control coupling, but instead it is predicated on the symmetry of mechanical conditions (e.g. limb inertia) between the arms.
Evaluation of Leaves, Flowers, and Seeds of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) through Microwave Drying and Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction, for Biologically Active Components
Authors: Hussain Ashiq , Arif Muhammad Rehan , Ahmed Adnan , Fiaz Iqra , Zulfiqar Nabeela , Ali Muhammad Qasim , Firdous Nida , Fatima Haya , Shehzad Anjum , Elkhedir Abdeen Elsiddig
Published: April 2024

The coriander plant (Coriandrum sativum L.) is well known for its antibacterial and antioxidant properties since it contains a considerable number of bioactive compounds. This property encourages the use of coriander in food because it has many health benefits and preserves food longer. The current study’s objective was to demonstrate the extraction of coriander’s three fractions (leaves, flowers, and seeds) using microwave drying and ultrasonic assistance, in order to identify its distinct functional components. After microwave drying, the highest amounts of ash, fat, fiber, and protein with values 6.39±0.04, 10.10±0.05, 10.14±0.06, and 13.10±0.03%, respectively, were observed in coriander seeds. Among macro- and microminerals analyzed, contents of Ca and Mg were found highest in coriander leaves, with values 689±0.14 and 412±0.04 mg/100 g, respectively, whereas Fe, Zn, and Mn were found highest in seeds with values 15.46±0.02, 3.92±0.02, and 1.29±0.02 mg/100 g. Ultrasonic-assisted ethanolic extracts of microwave-dried coriander leaves presented significantly high (p<0.05) total phenolic contents (253.45±0.12 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g), total flavonoid contents (98.15±0.09 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g), and total antioxidant activity (47.32±0.04 mg trolox/100 g), followed by seeds, while flowers presented lowest values. Significantly high (p<0.05) antimicrobial activities were exhibited from extracts of coriander seeds, followed by leaves. It was concluded that leaves, flowers, and seeds of coriander all were rich source of nutritional components and bioactives, and microwave drying and ultrasonic-assisted extraction were proved useful techniques for maximum retention of these contents in powders and ethanolic extracts, respectively.
Musculoskeletal Health Worsened from Carnitine Supplementation and Not Impacted by a Novel Individualized Treadmill Training Protocol
Authors: Troutman Ashley D. , Srinivasan Shruthi , Metzger Corinne E. , Fallen Paul B. , Chen Neal , O'Neill Kalisha D. , Allen Matthew R. , Biruete Annabel , Moe Sharon M. , Avin Keith G.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) negatively affects musculoskeletal health, leading to reduced mobility, and quality of life. In healthy populations, carnitine supplementation and aerobic exercise have been reported to improve musculoskeletal health. However, there are inconclusive results regarding their effectiveness and safety in CKD. We hypothesized that carnitine supplementation and individualized treadmill exercise would improve musculoskeletal health in CKD. Methods: We used a spontaneously progressive CKD rat model (Cy/+ rat) (n = 11–12/gr): (1) Cy/+ (CKD-Ctrl), (2) CKD-carnitine (CKD-Carn), and (3) CKD-treadmill (CKD-TM). Carnitine (250 mg/kg) was injected daily for 10 weeks. Rats in the treadmill group ran 4 days/week on a 5° incline for 10 weeks progressing from 30 min/day for week one to 40 min/day for week two to 50 min/day for the remaining 8 weeks. At 32 weeks of age, we assessed overall cardiopulmonary fitness, muscle function, bone histology and architecture, and kidney function. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests. Results: Moderate to severe CKD was confirmed by biochemistries for blood urea nitrogen (mean 43 ± 5 mg/dL CKD-Ctrl), phosphorus (mean 8 ± 1 mg/dL CKD-Ctrl), parathyroid hormone (PTH; mean 625 ± 185 pg/mL CKD-Ctrl), and serum creatinine (mean 1.1 ± 0.2 mg/mL CKD-Ctrl). Carnitine worsened phosphorous (mean 11 ± 3 mg/dL CKD-Carn; p < 0.0001), PTH (mean 1,738 ± 1,233 pg/mL CKD-Carn; p < 0.0001), creatinine (mean 1 ± 0.3 mg/dL CKD-Carn; p < 0.0001), cortical bone thickness (mean 0.5 ± 0.1 mm CKD-Ctrl, 0.4 ± 0.1 mm CKD-Carn; p < 0.05). Treadmill running significantly improves maximal aerobic capacity when compared to CKD-Ctrl (mean 14 ± 2 min CKD-TM, 10 ± 2 min CKD-Ctrl; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Carnitine supplementation worsened CKD progression, mineral metabolism biochemistries, and cortical porosity and did not have an impact on physical function. Individualized treadmill running improved maximal aerobic capacity but did not have an impact on CKD progression or bone properties. Future studies should seek to better understand carnitine doses in conditions of compromised renal function to prevent toxicity which may result from elevated carnitine levels and to optimize exercise prescriptions for musculoskeletal health.
Relationship between Neonatal Cerebral Fuels and Neurosensory Outcomes at 3 Years in Well Babies: Follow-Up of the Glucose in Well Babies (GLOW) Study
Authors: Harris Deborah L. , Weston Philip J. , Gamble Greg D. , Harding Jane E.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: We sought to investigate if the availability of cerebral fuels soon after birth in healthy term babies was associated with developmental progress at 3 years of age. Methods: Healthy term babies had plasma glucose, lactate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations measured over the first 5 days. At 3 years, parents completed Ages and Stages (ASQ-3) questionnaires between December 2018 and August 2022. Developmental progress, analysed using structural equation modelling, was compared between children whose median fuel concentrations were above and below the mean neonatal concentrations of glucose (3.3 mmol/L) and total ATP-equivalents (140 mmol/L) in the first 48 h and over the first 5 days. Results: Sixty-four (96%) families returned completed questionnaires. We found no differences between developmental progress in children who had median neonatal plasma glucose concentrations <3.3 or ≥3.3 mmol/L in the first 48 h (estimated mean difference in ASQ scores −1.0, 95% confidence interval: −5.8, 3.7, p = 0.66) or 120 h (−3.7, −12.0, 4.6, p = 0.39]). There were also no differences for any other measures of cerebral fuels including total ATP above and below the median over 48 and 120 h, any plasma or interstitial glucose concentration <2.6 mmol/L, or cumulative duration of interstitial glucose concentration <2.6 mmol/L. Conclusions: There was no detectable relationship between plasma concentrations of glucose, lactate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate soon after birth in healthy term babies and developmental progress at 3 years of age.
Jejunal Leiomyosarcoma in a Young Adult: Distinguishing from Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor through Radiographic, Histologic, and Epidemiologic Analysis – A Case Report
Authors: Bentley Blake H. , Ellington Abigail L. , Guo Alyssa A. , Lu Haiyan , Lippert William C.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Primary small intestinal malignancies are rare with an incidence of less than 5% of all gastrointestinal malignancies and are more common in the middle-aged and elderly population. They are comprised either an adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor, gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), lymphoma, and/or sarcoma. Case Presentation: Here we exhibit the case of a 23-year-old who presented with progressive nausea, weight loss, abdominal pain, and iron deficiency anemia and was diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma of the jejunum. Conclusion: We distinguish a GIST from leiomyosarcoma based on radiographic, histologic, and epidemiologic evidence and review the significance of prompt, accurate diagnosis as related to treatment.
A Learning Curve for First-Trimester Anatomy Ultrasound in Obese Patients
Authors: Buskmiller Cara , Toates Sarah E. , Rodriguez Vanessa , Hernandez-Andrade Edgar
Published: April 2024

Objectives: A recent randomized controlled trial of first-trimester anatomy ultrasound in obese women found some advantages to using this technique in this population, but some aspects of feasibility were not clear, such as whether first-trimester ultrasound can be brought outside of a research setting. The learning curve for first-trimester anatomy has been described in the general population, but a learning curve has not been described for this technique in obese patients. This study sought to describe a learning curve for first-trimester anatomy ultrasounds in obese patients with an operator familiar with the basics of first-trimester imaging. Design: This was a secondary analysis of the EASE-O pilot randomized controlled trial (NCT04639973), which recruited 128 women with a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 and randomized them into two groups based on the timing of the first evaluation of fetal anatomy, to compare the completion rate of first- and second-trimester anatomy ultrasound. Participants: Pregnant women with a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 participated in the study. Setting: Between January 2021 and February 2022, the study was conducted at maternal-fetal medicine clinics in Houston, TX, USA. Methods: This secondary analysis evaluated data on the completion rate of first-trimester scans from the parent trial. Scans were grouped into bin sizes of 3, and prop_model for R version 4.2.0 for Windows was used to generate a learning curve across the first 60 scans. Results: The parent study included 60 scans performed by one imager who had previously only done first-trimester scans in lean patients for limited anatomy. The probability of a complete scan increased over 60 scans from 0.38 to 0.69; 29 scans were required to reach the final probability, after which only marginal improvement followed. Limitations: The major limitation is the inclusion of only one operator for this curve. Conclusions: For an ultrasound operator with basic familiarity in first-trimester imaging, approximately 30 scans are needed to acquire a completion rate of 70% for detailed first-trimester anatomy in women with BMI ≥35 kg/m2. This can be used in education and training programs focused on imaging in the first trimester.
Validierung eines Fragebogeninstrumentes zur Erfassung des Erlebens von Natur: Die Experience of Nature Scale
Authors: Büssing Arndt , Recchia Daniela Rodrigues , Ortiz Miriam
Published: April 2024

Hintergrund: In den letzten Jahren ist insbesondere die Natur als Ressource in das Interesse der gesundheitspsychologischen Forschung gerückt. In Ergänzung zum etablierten Konzept der Naturzuwendung als Haltung wurde ein For­schungsinstrument zum Naturerleben entwickelt, welches das subjektive, teilweise intentionale Erleben von Natur unter unterschiedlichen Aspekten beleuchtet. Dazu gehören insbesondere Natur als Erlebensraum, um sich von der Alltagsbelastung distanzieren zu können, um Auszeiten durch Ruhe und Stille finden zu können, um emotionale Ausgeglichenheit zu erlangen, Natur als Ort der Faszination und des Staunens, Naturerleben als Basis für einen verantwortlichen Umgang mit der Natur. Das Manuskript zeigt die Ergebnisse der Validierung des neu entwickelten Fragebogeninstrumentes zum Naturerleben. Methoden: Eine anonyme Online-Querschnittsstudie unter 441 Teilnehmenden wurde mit standardisierten Fragebogeninstrumenten zur Validie­rung der Experience of Nature Scale (ENS) mittels explorativer Faktoren- (Hauptkomponentenanalyse mit Varimax-Rotation) und Reliabilitätsanalysen (Cronbachs α) durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Die explorative Faktorenanalyse der Naturerlebens-Skala mit 11 Items ergab drei Hauptfaktoren mit guter interner Kongruenz, die 71% der Varianz erklären: (1) Alltagsdistanzierung/Entspannung (Cronbachs α = 0,87), (2) Faszination Natur/Staunen (Cronbachs α = 0,82) und (3) Verantwortungsempfinden für Natur (Cronbachs α = 0,85). Diese Faktoren korrelierten stark mit der Naturverbundenheit (NR-6) und moderat bis stark mit Ehrfurcht/Dankbarkeit (GrAw-7) im Sinne der Konvergenzvalidität, aber nur marginal bis schwach mit psychologischem Wohlbefinden (WHO-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die ENS zur Erfassung des affektiven Erlebens von Natur hat gute psychometrische Qua­litätsindizes und kann in künftigen Studien zur Bedeutung dieses Erlebens von Natur zum Beispiel als Prädiktor- oder Prozessvariable eingesetzt werden.
Should We Wait to Brush Our Teeth? A Scoping Review Regarding Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear
Authors: Fernández Constanza E. , Silva-Acevedo Consuelo A. , Padilla-Orellana Fernanda , Zero Domenick , Carvalho Thiago Saads , Lussi Adrian
Published: April 2024

Background: Tooth brushing is a universal recommendation. However, the recommendations related to the time of its execution are conflicting, especially when dealing with patients at risk of erosive tooth wear (ETW) or dental caries. Summary: Our objective was to summarize the evidence on the timing of brushing with fluoridated toothpaste in relation to ETW and cariogenic dietary challenges. We conducted a scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR checklist, using three databases searching for in vivo, in situ, or in vitro studies involving human teeth exposed to either a cariogenic or an erosive challenge. Only models including human saliva and fluoride were assessed. Data selection, extraction, and risk of bias analysis were done in duplicate and independently. From 1,545 identified studies, 17 (16 related to ETW and 1 to dental caries) were included. Most evidence (n = 10) supported that brushing with a fluoride-containing product does not increase ETW, independent of the moment of brushing. Delaying tooth brushing up to 1 h (n = 4) or individualized recommendations based on the patient’s problem (n = 2) were less frequent. Only one study reported that brushing pre- or post-meal does not affect Streptococcus mutans counts. Most data were in situ (n = 13), and the overall study quality was judged as sufficient/low risk of bias. Key Messages: Although the available evidence lacked robust clinical studies, tooth brushing using fluoridated products immediately after an erosive challenge does not increase the risk of ETW and can be recommended, which is in line with recommendations for dental caries prevention. Furthermore, we suggest updating the international guidelines to promote individualized recommendations based on risk factors to prevent either ETW or dental caries.
Fetal Phenotype of CHARGE Syndrome with a Molecular Confirmation: A Series of 13 Cases
Authors: Yu Qiu-Xia , Zhen Li , Li Dong-Zhi
Published: April 2024

Introduction: CHARGE syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with known pattern of features. The aim of the study was to present the fetal features of CHARGE syndrome to gain awareness that the antenatal characteristics can be very nonspecific. Case Presentation: This was a retrospective study of 13 cases with CHARGE syndrome diagnosed by prenatal or postnatal genetic testing and physical examination. Two (15.4%; 2/13) had normal ultrasound scans during pregnancy. One (7.7%; 1/13) with first-trimester cystic hygroma presented intrauterine fetal demise at 16 weeks gestation. The remaining 10 (76.9%; 10/13) cases had abnormal ultrasound features in utero; among these, 1 had an increased nuchal translucency in the first trimester, 5 had second-trimester abnormal ultrasounds including micrognathia, cardiac defects, and facial defects, and 4 third-trimester abnormal ultrasounds including micrognathia, isolated fetal growth restriction, and polyhydramnios. Among the 11 cases with abnormal prenatal ultrasound scans, no fetus could reach the diagnostic criteria of CHARGE syndrome if only based on the results of ultrasound. However, the diagnosis was made in all cases when CHD7 defects were detected. Discussion/Conclusion: The CHARGE syndrome presents non-specific abnormal ultrasound markers in utero. Exome sequencing in the genetic workup will aid in prenatal diagnosis of this syndrome.
Representações simbólicas do corpo feminino no forró contemporâneo
Authors: Da Costa Fábio Soares , Silva Francisca Islândia Cardoso da , Rodrigues Janete de Páscola
Published: April 2024

O forró eletrônico midiatizado é uma representação híbrida da cultura nordestina que traz elementos musicais e de dança que produzem sentidos relacionados ao corpo feminino. Assim, este estudo considerou a seguinte inquietação: Que imagem do corpo feminino é pretendida na produção midiática do forró eletrônico como elemento de consumo cultural? A análise do corpus (DVDs das bandas de Forró Aviões do Forró e Calcinha Preta, lançados entre os anos de 2011 e 2012) foi realizada a partir de observações das coreografias, figurinos, perfil corporal, movimentos dançantes e os discursos das letras, que identificou sentidos de romance, eróticos e sensuais, bem como a reafirmação histórica do papel da mulher como objeto de desejo sexual definida para e pelo homem, de forma similar à condição da mulher no século XVII.
Comunicação alternativa e cultura: análise da prática jornalística da Revista Ocas
Authors: Sardinha Antonio Carlos , Lima Verônica
Published: April 2024

O artigo lança o olhar para uma questão central da sociedade atual: o papel constitutivo da Comunicação, em especial o jornalismo, na produção, organização, circulação e reconhecimento de sentidos que permeiam a construção das relações socioculturais. A proposta é compreender em que medida o jornalismo praticado pela Revista Ocas se posiciona em uma complexa realidade urbana que tem nas forças culturais e nos dispositivos midiáticos espaços privilegiados para as disputas que se dão nos territórios urbanos.
La condición de salud y el tratamiento médico como límites a las expulsiones de migrantes internacionales
Authors: Zúñiga Ernesto Camilo San Martín
Published: April 2024

En Chile, la expulsión de migrantes internacionales fuera del territorio nacional es decidida por la autoridad administrativa, con un alto nivel de discrecionalidad. Para evitar arbitrariedades, la nueva ley de extranjería ha definido un listado de circunstancias que deben ser consideradas para fundamentar una orden de expulsión; sin embargo, la condición de salud de las personas extranjeras afectadas no forma parte de dicho listado, en oposición a normas y principios de Derechos Humanos. Esta investigación analiza las normas del derecho nacional e internacional y la jurisprudencia relacionada al derecho a la salud de los migrantes internacionales y su vinculación con las regulaciones sobre expulsiones del territorio nacional, exponiendo las razones que justifican la consideración de la condición de salud del extranjero en forma previa a resolver su expulsión, concluyendo que la condición de salud es un argumento útil para limitar a las potestades de la autoridad administrativa en esta materia.
Renaissance Europe and the population of America
Authors: Borah Woodrow
Published: April 2024

(1st paragraph of the article)
The Renaissance has aptly been characterized as the “Age of Reconnaissance”, for behind the revival of interest in classical learning which has given its name to the age was the outpouring of energy in Western Europe that came from the creation of a new technology and new forms of organization. Improvements in ship design and navigation together with application of men and capital enabled Europe to explore deep into the oceans and to reach the shores of the greater part of the inhabited lands on the globe. For most of Asia and Africa it was a charting of coasts and exploration inland, the establishment of factories or posts on shores as foci of trade, with little conquest of the interior. Only in the Western Hemisphere did the Europeans of the Renaissance establish relatively permanent dominion far inland, subject to their rule great native states, and embark upon settlement with relatively substantial numbers. To the middle of the seventeenth century that was the effort of the Portuguese and most of all of the Spanish
Errata
Authors: Paula Eurípedes Simões de
Published: April 2024

O titulo exato do livro de Thomas Skidmore indicado na pägina 847 do volume LI, fasciculo 102, é Black into White e  não como saiu publicado.
Em memória de Lívio Teixeira: do púlpito à Cátedra
Authors: Matos Odilon Nogueira de
Published: April 2024

(1º parágrafo do artigo)

Em julho do corrente ano (dia 25 de julho de 1975) tive oportunidade de publicar neste mesmo local extenso artigo sobre um venerando pastor protestante, Alfredo Borges Teixeira, que poucos dias antes falecera quase às vésperas de seu próprio centenário. Nele fiz referência a algumas pessoas de sua família, notadamente seu filho mais velho, Lívio Teixeira, que foi, durante muitos anos, meu companheiro de trabalho na Universidade de São Paulo. Tal artigo já estava entregue à composição, portanto sem possibilidade de alterações, quando deparei num dos jornais de São Paulo com a notícia do falecimento de Lívio, que, assim, acompanhou, a distância de poucos dias, seu nobre genitor.
Cystolepiota flavolamellata (Verrucosporaceae, Agaricales), a new species from Southeast Asia
Authors: SALICHANH THAVIPHONE , SYSOUPHANTHONG PHONGEUN , THONGKLANG NARITSADA , LUANGHARN THATSANEE
Published: April 2024

We present Cystolepiota flavolamellata a new species discovered in the tropical regions of Thailand and Laos. Morphological characters and multigene phylogenetic analyses, which encompass ITS, LSU, rpb2, and tef1 sequences, distinguish this species. Cystolepiota flavolamellata exhibits the following unique set of characteristics: basidiomata covered with light brown to brown granules or large pyramidal squamules; free yellowish white to light yellow lamellae; broadly ellipsoid to oblong-amygdaliform to ovoid basidiospores; absence of pleurocystidia; variably shaped cheilocystidia, i.e., oblong, clavate with or without appendicular apex, conical to utriform, fusiform; an epithelium for the pileus and stipe covering; and presence of clamp connections. Molecular analyses based on multiple genes confirm its separation from other known and sequenced Cystolepiota species.
Revision of the genus Trichophallus Ingrisch, 1998 with notes on the genera Secsiva Walker, 1869 and Subrioides C.Willemse, 1966 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini)
Authors: INGRISCH SIGFRID
Published: April 2024

The Papuan genus Trichophallus Ingrisch, 1998, mainly found in New Guinea and some neighbouring Islands is revised. The study is based on historical but formerly unworked specimens found in museum collections of North America, Europe, and Indonesia. The differentiation between the genus Trichophallus and the superficially similar genera Subria Stål, 1874, Secsiva Walker, 1869, and Subrioides C. Willemse, 1966 are outlined and discussed. Important characters to differentiate Trichophallus from other similar genera are found in a combination of the shape of the fore wings, the absence of prosternal spines, and the male titillators being provided with tufts of hairs apart from sclerites. The female ovipositor carries a pair of sub-basal, lateral lobes, so far unknown from other genera of Tettigoniidae, and the female subgenital plate is provided with a pair of basal, dorsal-lateral extensions often larger than the ventral area of the subgenital plate. 19 species and one subspecies are described as new, all from New Guinea or nearby islands. T. tricuspis Naskrecki & Rentz, 2010 is removed from Trichophallus and newly combined with the genus Subrioides. Keys to the species of Trichophallus are provided.
Harnessing the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized from Anacardium occidentale L. Leaf Extract
Authors: Aldabaan Nayef Abdulaziz , Kuppasagoudar Poorvi , Muddapur Uday M. , Shaikh Ibrahim Ahmed , Naik Keerti , Dawoud Areej , Khan Aejaz Abdullatif , Dafalla Salah Eldeen , Mannasaheb Basheerahmed Abdulaziz , Shakeel Iqubal S.M. , Mohammed Tasneem , Hussain Syed Arif
Published: April 2024

The mostly unexplored leaves of Anacardium occidentale L. have significant promise as a reservoir of bioactive chemicals and as a means for synthesizing nanoparticles by environmentally friendly methods. These nanoparticles could find valuable applications in the field of medicine.
Pursuing their possible biological applications, this work intends to first isolate, characterize, and conduct phytochemical analysis of these bioactive compounds found in cashew leaves, and its synthesized Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). The study involves extracting bioactive chemicals,
performing green synthesis of nanoparticles from cashew leaves extract, phytochemical analysis, characterization of synthesized ZnONPs using advanced analytical techniques like ultraviolet spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS, and
XRD. Using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, the existence of a distinctive peak at around 370 nm verified the synthesis of ZnO NPs. Nanoparticle crystallinity and phase were ascertained by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average crystallinity according to Debye-Scherrer equation was found to
be 23 nm. By using SEM, one can learn more about the NPs’ size distribution and shape. Antibacterial resistance and antioxidant activity were determined using DPPH assays. This environmentally benign and economically viable synthesis was found to be eco-friendly & cost-effective.
Evaluating the Effect of Maternal Opioid Maintenance Dose on the NOWS-COS Outcome Criteria: A Pilot Study
Authors: Smith Danielle , Sullivan Rhea , Allen Emma C. , Pradhan Sandeep , Zhu Junjia , Oji-Mmuo Christiana N.
Published: April 2024

This retrospective cohort study included 77 mother-infant dyads that delivered term pregnancies at a single tertiary care institution. The primary objective was to investigate whether maternal dose of opioid maintenance therapy during pregnancy affects infant outcomes. All infants had prenatal exposure to opioid maintenance therapies. Maternal dose was converted into morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) and stratified into high- (MME >1000 mg) and low-dose groups (MME ≤1000 mg). Associations between infant outcomes and MME dosage were examined using Wilcoxon rank-sum and Fisher’s Exact tests. Days to symptom control were significantly higher in the high MME group (5 days vs 2.8 days, P = .016). Rates of developmental delay at 24 months were higher in the high MME group (21.2% vs 4.5%, P = .0335). Maternal MME did not predict need for NOWS treatment. Higher MME-exposed infants should have optimized nonpharmacologic interventions for consolation and be increasingly observed for signs of developmental delay.
Bystander Motivations and Barriers to Helping Intoxicated Peers
Authors: Gajos Jamie M. , Witte Tricia H. , Weymouth Bridget B. , Burroughs Meghan E. , Evans Jennifer L.
Published: April 2024

We examined the prevalence of self-reported motivations and barriers to helping intoxicated peers among emerging adults ( N = 377; Mage = 18.64; 75% women, 88% White) attending a Southeastern university and whether motivations and barriers differed by age, gender, race, and class standing. Respondents aged 19–24 were more likely to endorse the motivation item “Because it was your “turn” to be the helper/designated driver (DD) that night” than eighteen-year-olds. Race differences were also reported for the motivation item, “Because the person was your friend”, where White participants were more likely to endorse this item than non-White participants. Men also reported more Burden/Hassles-related barriers than did women.
Extranodal Rosai–Dorfman disease manifesting as Sjögren’s syndrome combined with panuveitis and hypertrophic pachymeningitis: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Xu Jing , Huang Meihua , Dong Binsong , Jian Min , Chen Jinyu , Zhang Naiyuan , Ou Chunlian , Wu Yongming , Wang Dongmei
Published: April 2024

Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis characterized by massive lymphadenopathy and systemic extranodal lesions. We present the case of a 28-year-old woman who presented with recurrent blurred vision in her right eye for 3 months. She developed blindness and atrophy in her left eye a decade prior to presentation. She subsequently developed headache, fever, and impaired mental status. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging indicated hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP), and 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-2-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed significant FDG uptake in the left dura mater. Autoimmune testing revealed elevated anti-nuclear, anti-SS-A, and anti-SS-B antibody levels. Incisional biopsy of the atrophic eyeball revealed RDD with marked polyclonal plasmacytosis. The patient was diagnosed with RDD accompanied by multisystem involvement, including Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), panuveitis, and HP. Treatment with methylprednisolone for several weeks resulted in significant improvement. This is the first reported case of RDD presenting with SS in combination with panuveitis and HP. Although RDD is rarely diagnosed in young patients, interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to prevent a delayed diagnosis.
Global capital accumulation and national varieties of capitalism: The political economy of Argentina and Australia in comparative perspective
Authors: Grinberg Nicolás
Published: April 2024

This article offers a comparative analysis of the institutional settings and political dynamics in Australia and Argentina. This analysis is based on an understanding of nation-state political processes as forms of realisation of global-scale capital accumulation. After identifying a common specificity in their capitalist development based on the production of primary commodities under favourable natural conditions and the appropriation of ground-rent by competing social subjects, as well as the natural and historical conditions leading to differentiation, the article traces the common and distinctive political and institutional forms of realisation of the process of capital accumulation in both societies. The comparative analysis of the experiences of Argentina and Australia offered in this article provides a solid critique of mainstream types of institutional political economy.
“Co-Opetition” Effects of Ride-Hailing on Metro Services and its Spatially Varying Determinants: Evidence from Shanghai, China
Authors: Ye Jianhong , Hao Wenyang , Bai Jiahao
Published: April 2024

The rapid expansion of ride-hailing services has sparked intensive debate on their competition and cooperation with public transit such as metro systems. However, empirical evidence on such “co-opetition” effects remains limited, as well as on their spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors. To address this gap, we developed a three-level framework for detecting the co-opetition effects of ride-hailing on metro services based on ride-hailing trip data from Shanghai in China. We then performed exploratory analysis to reveal the spatiotemporal patterns of these effects. Lastly, we employed Poisson regression models to assess the impact of trip characteristics, the built environment, and socioeconomic indicators on various co-opetition effects. The results show that: 1) the co-opetition effects of ride-hailing on metro services exhibit distinct temporal patterns, with the complementary effect predominantly occurring during the initial morning peak hours, while the substitution effect is more prominent toward the end; 2) ride-hailing tends to substitute primarily for metro services in the city center, while complementing and supplementing them in the suburban areas; 3) the density of metro facilities is negatively associated with the supplementary effect and potential complementary effect; 4) the potential complementary effect can be categorized as front-end and back-end connections, with front-end connections being more susceptible to the density of facilities at the trip origin, while the back-end connections are influenced by the density at the destination; and 5) travel distance and road congestion demonstrate a negative correlation with the substitution effect, whereas road network density exhibits a positive correlation.
Evaluation of Link Slab Performance on Texas Highway Bridges
Authors: Pearson Andrew N. , Birely Anna C. , Yarnold Matthew , Hurlebaus Stefan
Published: April 2024

Multispan bridges with simply-supported girders are straightforward to construct and economical but have historically utilized expansion joints between the spans. The negative long-term impacts of expansion joints are well-documented in the literature: eventual leaking causes damage to the girder ends and substructures. To avoid this deterioration associated with the use of expansion joints, link slabs may be used instead. This paper presents the results of a study examining the performance of existing link slabs on Texas bridges. Although these link slab details have been used for over four decades in Texas, their performance had not been widely studied. To understand the performance of these details, the design characteristics and damage conditions of 468 Texas bridges were recorded using as-built drawings and inspection reports. A damage rating was developed to evaluate the performance of the link slabs on each bridge. Using this information, an analysis was conducted to determine how different bridge design characteristics correlate with the performance of link slabs. The results showed that attributes such as continuous deck length and mean span length correlated with link slab performance. Certain loading characteristics such as average daily traffic, average daily truck traffic, link slab rotational demand, and the ratio of link slab moment capacity to -demand were found to have an age-dependent correlation with link slab performance. The performance of different deck detail types and skewed decks was also investigated.
Recognition and Management of Delirium in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Case Series From a Single-Center Level IV Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Dornette Stacey , Deptola Stephen , Hemmann Brianna , Venkatesan Charu , Cortezzo DonnaMaria E.
Published: April 2024

Delirium often goes unrecognized in neonates and children because of lack of experience in evaluating behavior and cognition, insufficient awareness of the prevalence, and nondistinctive symptoms in this population. Although there are increasing reports of the presence of delirium in neonates, there are little data to guide the pharmacologic treatment in this population. In this retrospective single-center case series, we present our experience using quetiapine to treat delirium in 9 medically complex neonates. Based on an extensive literature review, expert opinion, and institutional experience, we propose an approach for monitoring and treating delirium in neonates and infants.
Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and Bronchoalveolar Cytokine Concentrations Redefine the COVID-19 Phenotypes in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Vazquez Guillamet M. Cristina , Vazquez Guillamet Rodrigo , Rjob Ashraf , Reynolds Daniel , Parikh Bijal , Despotovic Vladimir , Byers Derek E. , Ellebedy Ali H. , Kollef Marin H. , Mudd Philip A.
Published: April 2024

Rationale

Recent studies suggest that both hypo- and hyperinflammatory acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) phenotypes characterize severe COVID-19-related pneumonia. The role of lung Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome – Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load in contributing to these phenotypes remains unknown.

Objectives

To redefine COVID-19 ARDS phenotypes when considering quantitative SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in the bronchoalveolar lavage of intubated patients. To compare the relevance of deep respiratory samples versus plasma in linking the immune response and the quantitative viral loads.

Methods

Eligible subjects were adults diagnosed with COVID-19 ARDS who required mechanical ventilation and underwent bronchoscopy. We recorded the immune response in the bronchoalveolar lavage and plasma and the quantitative SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR in the bronchoalveolar lavage. Hierarchical clustering on principal components was applied separately on the 2 compartments’ datasets. Baseline characteristics were compared between clusters.

Measurements and Results

Twenty subjects were enrolled between August 2020 and March 2021. Subjects underwent bronchoscopy on average 3.6 days after intubation. All subjects were treated with dexamethasone prior to bronchoscopy, 11 of 20 (55.6%) received remdesivir and 1 of 20 (5%) received tocilizumab. Adding viral load information to the classic 2-cluster model of ARDS revealed a new cluster characterized by hypoinflammatory responses and high viral load in 23.1% of the cohort. Hyperinflammatory ARDS was noted in 15.4% of subjects. Bronchoalveolar lavage clusters were more stable compared to plasma.

Conclusions

We identified a unique group of critically ill subjects with COVID-19 ARDS who exhibit hypoinflammatory responses but high viral loads in the lower airways. These clusters may warrant different treatment approaches to improve clinical outcomes.