bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In silico Docking Studies between Atorvastatin and Human Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Facilitating the Conversion of Triglycerides Found in VLDL into Cholesterol Esters Found in HDL of Pan troglodytes
Authors: R.Sathya  , .J Thirumagal
Published: October 2024

The focus of the current human genomics research is Pan triglodytes, the animal with the highest sequence homology to Homo sapiens. Our research investigation focuses on the Pan triglodytes gene because of this. A plasma protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) helps to change the triglycerides present in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) into the cholesterol esters present in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Several investigations have shown that CETP is the direct cause of atherosclerosis. Using 3D In silico drug docking techniques, we alter the putatively altered target protein CETP and examine its interactions with atorvastatin. To carry out drug docking techniques, the translated amino acid sequence and three-dimensional chemical compound were obtained from the NCBI database. Advanced 3D molecular imaging capabilities were used in post-docking experiments. The results of the docking study made it abundantly evident that atorvastatin directly decreases amino acid mutational sites. Using ideas from molecular dynamics techniques, the electrostatic interaction between atorvastatin and CETP is depicted in three dimensions. Lastly, we can state that atorvastatin, an anti-cholesterol medication, helps to prevent heart attacks and other cardiovascular illnesses. Our goal is to provide an illustration of the molecular mechanism that atorvastatin uses to interact with CETP. Pharmacological research investigations in humans can be conducted by analysing the interaction of Pan triglodytes with CETP and correlating it with human atherosclerosis.
BİR LOBİCİLİK ORTAMI OLARAK X (TWİTTER): AKADEMİK DAYANIŞMA PLATFORMU ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Kaya Kahraman Kağan , Canöz Kadir
Published: October 2024

X, hem lobicilere hem de vatandaşlara doğrudan lobicilik ve dolaylı lobicilik faaliyetlerini yürütebilmeleri için büyük bir avantaj sağlamaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, ADAP’ın X hesabının lobicilik açısından nasıl bir görünüm sergilediğinin ortaya koyulabilmesidir. Çalışmada, içerik analizi tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda araştırmada, literatürde buna yönelik olarak hazırlanmış herhangi bir ölçme aracına rastlanmadığı için, yazarlar tarafından lobicilik ve lobicilik türleri ile ilgili bilgiler ve X’in kullanım fonksiyonları göz önünde bulundurularak bir kodlama cetveli oluşturulmuş ve inceleme, bu cetvel çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, her şeyden önce, Akademik Dayanışma Platformu’nun (ADAP) X’i (Twitter) bir lobicilik ortamı olarak kullandığı tespit edilmiştir. Öyle ki araştırmanın gerçekleştirildiği tarih aralığında ADAP tarafından paylaşılan 318 gönderinin 308 tanesi (%96,85), çeşitli lobicilik yöntemlerini bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Araştırmada, ADAP tarafından X üzerinden yürütülen lobicilik türleri söz konusu olduğunda ön plana, dolaylı lobiciliğin çıktığı saptanmıştır. Buna göre bu doğrultuda paylaşılan 308 gönderinin, toplam 501 lobicilik tekniğini içerdiği, bunların da 408 tanesinin (%81,43) dolaylı lobicilik kapsamında değerlendirilebileceği belirlenmiştir.
Pelatihan Penerapan CHSE bagi Pengelola Bisnis Kuliner di Kabupaten Lebak
Authors: Fitriana Rina , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Priana Ronny Yudhi Septa
Published: October 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa pelatihan penerapan CHSE bagi pengelola bisnis kuliner di Kabupaten Lebak. Pelatihan kali ini difasilitasi oleh Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Lebak dan diikuti oleh 40 orang pengelola bermacam bisnis kuliner di Kabupaten Lebak. Kegiatan ini diselenggarakan berdasarkan kebutuhan pengetahuan bagi para pengelola bisnis kuliner tentang bagaimana standarisasi CHSE dan penerapannya dalam pengelolaan bisnis kuliner. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab. Pada quesioner yang diberikan pra pelatihan, terbukti bahwa pelatihan kuliner ini dibutuhkan oleh peserta, walaupun pesera mengakui bahwa mereka enggan untuk mengikuti sertifikasi dengan berbagai alas an. Pada pasca pelatihan, diketahui pula bahwa para peserta menganggap perlatihan ini penting bagi mereka dalam keberlangsungan bisnis kuliner mereka. Mereka juga berpendapat bahwa pelatihan semacam ini menyenangkan, berguna dan dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk kuliner mereka. Diharapkan dengan adanya pelatihan ini, kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia para peserta sebagai bagian dari pemilik bisnis pariwisata dan ekonomi kreatif juga dapat ditingkatkan.
ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ МЕХАНО-ОЖОГОВОГО ШОКА, ВЫЗВАННОГО ОБШИРНОЙ ОЖОГОВОЙ ТРАВМОЙ И СИНДРОМОМ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОГО СДАВЛЕНИЯ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
Authors: Николай Константинович Соколов , Владимирович Зиновьев Евгений , Эдуард Константинович Дерий , Валерьевич Костяков Денис , Николаевич Пятаков Станислав , Сидельников фон Эссен Владимир Олегович Сидельников фон Эссен Владимир Олегович , Анна Витальевна Костякова
Published: October 2024

Механо-ожоговый шок, обусловленный обширной ожоговой травмой и синдромом длительного сдавления, является сложной и многогранной проблемой. Ряд патологических процессов, таких как выраженный болевой синдром, плазмопотеря, гиповолемия, синдром диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания, системная гипоксия, расстройство электролитного баланса, реперфузионное повреждение тканей, эндотоксикоз, обменные нарушения, обусловливают тяжесть течения патологии у пациентов с комбинированной травмой. Несмотря на разнообразие способов патогенетического лечения механо-ожогового шока, летальность среди этой группы больных по-прежнему остается на высоком уровне. В соответствии с этим актуальным остается вопрос о более детальном изучении патогенеза и усовершенствовании методов патогенетического лечения механо-ожогового шока.

Mechanical burn shock caused by extensive burn injury and prolonged compartment syndrome is a complex and multifaceted problem. A number of pathological processes, such as severe pain, plasma loss, hypovolemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, systemic hypoxia, electrolyte imbalance, reperfusion tissue damage, endotoxicosis, and metabolic disorders determine the severity of the pathology in patients with combined trauma. Despite the variety of methods of pathogenetic treatment of mechanical burn shock, mortality among this group of patients still remains at a high level. In accordance with this, the question of a more detailed study of the pathogenesis and improvement of methods of pathogenetic treatment of mechanical burn shock remains relevant.
КЛИНИКО-БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ МАРКЕРЫ ДЛЯ РАННЕЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ СИСТЕМНОГО АМИЛОИДОЗА
Authors: Альбертович Латыпов Искандер , Сарнг Саналович Пюрвеев , Владимирович Челнынцев Кирилл , Лев Дмитриевич Балашов
Published: October 2024

Амилоидоз — группа системных заболеваний, вызванных внеклеточным депонированием патологических нерастворимых фибриллярных белков в тканях и органах, которые могут привести к полиорганной недостаточности. Несмотря на гетерогенность этиологии системного амилоидоза, клинические проявления различных форм этой нозологической группы во многом пересекаются и зависят от пораженных органов. Знаки и симптомы, позволяющие заподозрить амилоидоз, чаще всего неспецифичны, поэтому у специалистов возникают трудности в ранней диагностике, что требует усиленного клинического наблюдения. В данной статье мы хотим определить наиболее значимые клинико-гематологические маркеры распространенных форм системного амилоидоза и оценить возможности использования стандартных диагностических манипуляций для подтверждения или исключения амилоидоза у пациентов из групп риска. В связи с активным старением населения и ростом заболеваемости нейродегенеративными заболеваниями внедрение унифицированных и относительно дешевых методов ранней диагностики позволит клиницистам на начальных этапах оценить течение заболевания, подход к лечению и прогноз для пациента, а также позволит минимизировать ущерб для системы здравоохранения.

Amyloidosis is a group of systemic diseases characterized by the extracellular deposition of pathologic, insoluble fibrillar proteins in tissues and organs, potentially leading to multiple organ failure. In spite of the heterogeneity of systemic amyloidosis etiology, clinical signs and symptoms of various forms of amyloidosis considerably overlap and depend on the affected organs. Signs and symptoms suggestive of amyloidosis are often nonspecific, which makes it difficult for clinicians to diagnose amyloidosis early and prompts them to exercise increased clinical vigilance. In the article, we aimed to determine the most significant clinical and hematologic markers of the most common forms of systemic amyloidosis and to assess the potential of using standard diagnostic manipulations to confirm or rule out amyloidosis in high-risk patients. Amid the backdrop of population aging and an increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, the adoption of standardized and relatively low-cost methods of early diagnostics will enable clinicians to evaluate disease progression, select treatment strategies, and determine patient prognosis earlier on, thereby minimizing damage to the healthcare system.
The Pattern of Disaster Communication and Media to Improve Community Alertness in North Aceh Regency
Authors: Fauzi Nfn , Rusdy Marhamah
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the forms of communication carried out and the media used by the North Aceh District Disaster Management Agency in improving community alertness. This research uses descriptive research type, and qualitative research approaches.  Research data obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Research informants, namely the Local Government, the Head of the North Aceh District Disaster Management Agency, the District Head of Langkahan, the Head of North Aceh SAR, the Head of RRI Lhokseumawe. The results showed that the communication carried out by the North Aceh District Disaster Management Agency was interpersonal communication and mass communication through socialization and simulation about disasters. While the communication media used, namely the mass media both print media and radio media to inform disaster management policies. It also used traditional media as local wisdom namely kentongan. Kentongan media are considered effective when communication tools that use technology do not function.
Missio Inter Gentes: A Pastoral Response for The CICM Religious Missionaries in Doing Mission in Today's Pluralistic World
Authors: Ondoa Hyacinthe Mathurin
Published: October 2024

In a world where rivalry, jealousy, hatred, and competition among religions are taking root in the heart of our society, the Church needs to look for a new trajectory to bring together the people of God. Therefore, The suggestion of the new paradigm inter gentes, defined as mission among the nations, would contribute to a peaceful interreligious dialogue. This paradigm involves understanding and respect, building bridges between different faiths, and fostering a warm and inclusive atmosphere among religions. This article presents missio inter gentes as a CICM's pastoral response to doing mission in today's pluralistic world. The CICM (Congragatio Immaculati Cordis Mariae) is an international religious missionary dedicated to the Incarnate Word under the name and patronage of the Immaculate Heart of Mary. It is a missionary Congregation founded to participate in the mission Jesus entrusted to the Church. As the world evolves, the Church also evolves and, therefore, seeks new ways to relate with others. CICM missionaries play a vital role as agents of reconciliation for interreligious dialogue as the Church faces pluralism of religions. They facilitate dialogue among the leaders of other religious denominations by promoting respect and harmony for peaceful coexistence.
Translating Filipino Slangs: Localization of Neologisms
Authors: Reyes Marvin
Published: October 2024

Slang or neologism can be considered as playful words that are being construed as something that defines the current generation’s set-up, culture, or background. It may also be considered the language of the current times but may differ depending on the projected culture to where it will be used. The study is about how, from a regular expression, a possible slang/neologism may be formed/constructed. The way that slang/neologism is being idealized as something new reflects how words are so dynamic and how, through their coinage, a word can signify a new meaning, a new perspective, and a new appreciation of culture and standards.
Optimizing tropical dairy goat diets: balancing rumen degradable protein, non-fiber carbohydrates, and sulfur requirements
Authors: Permana Idat Galih , Rosmalia Annisa , Anggarini Febby Yustika , Despal Despal , Toharmat Toto , Evvyernie Dwierra
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of rations incorporating rumen degradable protein (RDP), non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC), and sulfur on nutrient utilization, milk production, milk quality, and the economic aspects of dairy goats.Methods: In the first study, five treatments were tested in a block-randomized design to examine in vitro fermentability and digestibility. Treatments included P0 (control diet), P1 (P0+7.5% cassava-NFC), P2 (P0+7.5% cassava-NFC and 5% soybean), P3 (P0+7.5% cassava-NFC and 5% autoclaved soybean), and P4 (P0+7.5% cassava-NFC, 5% autoclaved soybean, and 0.1% sulfur). In the second study, sixteen lactating Saanen-Ettawa crossbreed dairy goats (initial milk production = 0.97±0.25 L/head/d, 30 DIM; body weight = 44.44±7.20 kg) were assigned into four groups and fed treatment diets: R0 (basal diet), R1 (R0+12% autoclaved soybean), R2 (R0+12% autoclaved soybean and 9% cassava-NFC), and R3 (R0+12% autoclaved soybean, 9% cassava-NFC, and 0.11% sulfur). The diets were offered for 7 weeks with a two-week adaptation period. Parameters observed include milk production and quality, milk fatty acids, blood hematology and metabolites, and economic aspects. The study used a block randomized design with initial weight as a block.Results: The treatment diets in the first study had no effect on in vitro fermentability and digestibility. Treatments R2 and R3 resulted in higher milk production than R0 and R1. Milk quality remained consistent across treatments, while solid non-fat, lactose, and protein was higher in R2 and R3. Blood hematology was unaffected by the treatments. Nutrient efficiency and income over feed cost were enhanced by R2 and R3 treatments.Conclusion: Protected RDP using autoclaved soybean and cassava-NFC maintained in vitro digestibility, even though it did not improve in vitro fermentability. Precision dairy ration based on RDP, NFC, and sulfur positively impacts milk production, nutrient efficiency, and animal health in dairy goats.
The decrease in Rad51 and DNA ligase IV nuclear protein expression in Msh2 knockdown HC11 cells induced the low CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in efficiency at the β-casein gene locus
Authors: Kim Ga-Yeon , Kang Man-Jong
Published: October 2024

Objective: Successful gene editing technology is crucial in molecular biology and related fields. An essential part of an efficient knock-in system is increasing homologous recombination (HR) efficiency in the double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways. Interestingly, HR is closely related to the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway, whereby MMR-related gene Msh2 recognizes a mismatch of nucleotides in recombinant intermediates or gene conversion formed during HR. This study aimed to investigate how the knockdown of Msh2 affects HR-mediated knock-in efficiency at the mouse β-casein locus. Therefore, we investigated the effect of inhibiting Msh2 expression on the expression of the HR-related gene Rad51 and the key enzyme DNA ligase IV involved in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ).Methods: The knock-in vector targeting the mouse β-casein gene locus, programmed guide RNA, and Msh2 siRNA expression vector were co-transfected in HC11 cells, or only the Msh2 siRNA expression vector was transfected. Knock-in efficiency was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The mRNA and protein expression of Msh2, HR-related gene Rad51, and NHEJ-related gene DNA ligase IV were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis.Results: The knock-in vector efficiency at the mouse β-casein gene locus significantly decreased upon Msh2 knockdown in HC11 mouse mammary epithelial cells (HC11 cell). Additionally, the knockdown of the DNA MMR-related gene Msh2 protein significantly downregulated the nuclear protein expression of the HR-related Rad51 and NHEJ-related DNA ligase IV genes.Conclusion: The decreased Msh2 protein expression in the nucleus downregulated the Rad51 and ligase IV protein expressions. Consequently, reduced Rad51 expression results in decreased knock-in efficiency.
Dietary effects of protected fat, soybean meal, and heat-treated soybean meal on performance, physiological parameters, and behavioral measurements of early-fattening Hanwoo steers under heat stress conditions
Authors: Woo Jun Sik , Jang Sun Sik , Kim Jeong Hoon , Lee Hong Gu , Park Keun Kyu
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of increased levels of dietary total digestible nutrient (TDN) and crude protein (CP) using protected fat (PF), soybean meal (SB), and heat-treated soybean meal (HSB) on performance, physiological parameters, and behavioral measurements of early-fattening Hanwoo steers under heat stress conditions.Methods: Thirty-six steers (480.9±58.6 kg, 15.9±1.4 months) were assigned to 4 treatments: control (TDN 75%, CP 15%, rumen degradable protein [RDP]:rumen undegradable protein [RUP] = 62:48); PF (TDN 82.5%, CP 15%, RDP:RUP = 62:48); PF+SB (TDN 82.5%, CP 16.5%, RDP:RUP = 62:48); and PF+SB+HSB (TDN 82.5%, CP 16.5%, RDP:RUP = 48:52) for a total of 16 weeks with division of 4 weeks. The average temperature-humidity index (THI) was 82.9 (1st; moderate), 76.9 (2nd; mild), 70.9 (3rd; comfort), and 65.8 (4th period; comfort).Results: Dry matter intake during whole period did not differ among treatments but decreased by 34% and 19%, respectively during 1st and 2nd compared to 4th. Average daily gain (ADG) of PF+SB+HSB was higher (p<0.05) than that of control during the 1st period, and those of both PF+SB and PF+SB+HSB were higher (p<0.05) than Control during the 2nd. The ADG during whole period was in the order of PF+SB+HSB (1.23), PF+SB (1.18), PF (1.11), control (0.98 kg/d) (p<0.05). As THI increased, rectal temperature and all blood parameters increased, while blood glucose levels decreased (p<0.05). Behavioral changes during 1st period compared to 3rd included decreases in lying (24%), walking (48%), and eating (40%), and increases in total standing (50%) and drinking (43%) (p<0.05). Rumination during standing was 38% higher, and rumination during lying was 32% lower (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study demonstrates 10% of increased levels of dietary TDN using PF and CP considering RUP can prevent performance reduction in early-fattening of heatstressed Hanwoo steers and have positive effects on performance recovery from post-heat stress.
Effect of dietary supplementation of xylanase alone or combination of xylanase and β-glucanase on growth performance, meat quality, intestinal measurements, and nutrient utilization in broiler chickens
Authors: Kim Deok Yun , Kim Kang Hyeon , Lee Eun Cheol , Oh Ju Kyoung , Park Min Ah , Kil Dong Yong
Published: October 2024

Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of xylanase alone or combination of xylanase and β-glucanase in high non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) diets with low energy on growth performance, meat quality, intestinal measurements, stress responses, and energy and nutrient utilization in broiler chickens.Methods: A total of four hundred 8-d-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatment groups with 10 replicates. A positive control (PC) diet was formulated with adequate energy and nutrients, whereas a negative control (NC) diet had 100 kcal/kg less nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy than the PC diet with increasing inclusion of high NSP ingredients. Two additional diets were produced by supplementing 0.1% xylanase alone or 0.1% xylanase and β-glucanase mixture in the NC diet. Experiments lasted for 27 d.Results: Birds fed PC diets had less (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those fed NC diets. Birds fed NC diets supplemented with xylanase alone or combination of xylanase and β-glucanase had less (p<0.05) FCR than those fed NC diets. Dietary supplementation of xylanase alone in NC diets exhibited the highest (p<0.05) breast meat pH among dietary treatments. Birds fed PC diets or NC diets supplemented with xylanase and β-glucanase combination exhibited greater (p<0.05) villus height:crypt depth ratio than those fed NC diets. Dietary supplementation of xylanase alone and combination of xylanase and β-glucanase in NC diets decreased (p<0.05) ileal digesta viscosity and increased (p<0.05) xylo-oligosaccharide concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) compared with NC diets without affecting energy and nutrient utilization in NC diets.Conclusion: Dietary supplementation of xylanase in high NSP diets with low energy concentrations improves growth performance by decreasing digesta viscosity and increasing concentrations of xylo-oligosaccharides in the GIT of broiler chickens. However, little additional benefits of β-glucanase supplementation in combination with xylanase are identified for broiler chickens.
Comparing genomic studies in animal breeding and human genetics: focus on disease-related traits in livestock — A review
Authors: Gervais Olivier , Nagamine Yoshitaka
Published: October 2024

Genomic studies of diseases can be divided into two types: i) analyses that reveal causal genes by focusing on linkage disequilibrium between observed and causal variants and ii) those that simultaneously assess numerous genetic markers to estimate the polygenic effects of a particular genomic region or entire genome. The field of human genetics has emphasized the discovery of causal genes, but these represent only a fraction of the total genetic variance. Therefore, alternative approaches, such as the polygenic risk score, which estimates the genetic risk for a given trait or disease based on all genetic markers (rather than on known causal variants only), have begun to garner attention. In many respects, these human genetic methods are similar to those originally developed for the estimation of breeding values (i.e., total additive genetic effects) in livestock. However, despite these similarities in methods, the fields of human and animal genetics still differ markedly in terms of research objectives, target populations, and other characteristics. For example, livestock populations have continually been selected and inbred throughout their history; consequently, their effective population size has shrunk and preferred genes (such as those influencing disease resistance and production traits) have accumulated in the modern breeding populations. By examining the characteristics of these two fields, particularly from the perspectives of disease and disease resistance, this review aims to improve understanding of the intrinsic differences between genomic studies using human compared with livestock populations.
“The Face of the Buffalo”: Interspecies Relationality in Nawal El Saadawi’s God Dies by the Nile
Authors: Umezurike Uchechukwu , Adesola Ademola
Published: October 2024

In several interviews, the Egyptian American writer and feminist Nawal El Saadawi has emphasized her commitment to women’s rights and gender justice in Africa and the Arab world. However, there is hardly any reference regarding her engagement with animals. Yet her writing is replete with animal subjectivity. Therefore, this paper examines animal representations in El Saadawi’s God Dies by the Nile by unearthing what we conceptualize as her “complex animal imaginary,” a concept encompassing the anthropomorphic and zoomorphic currents in her novel. Although her narrative language constitutes and conveys such vocabularies, this hardly undermines El Saadawi’s recognition of interspecies relationality and how central the nonhuman is to the flourishing of humans. As such, we highlight her register of animality that presents humans in zoomorphic imagery, stressing that this strategy not only makes legible human suffering but also flattens animal subjectivity, thereby reducing the buffalo, named Aziza, in this case, to a figure of abjection. However, we argue that this representational strategy neither erases animal vitality nor reinscribes speciesism. But instead, it uncovers animal suffering in society. By focusing on interspecies relationality in God Dies, we amplify El Saadawi’s contribution to ongoing conversations on animal studies, postcolonial ecocriticism, and posthumanism.
Boas Lembranças na Presidência da SBC
Authors: Menascé Daniel A.
Published: October 2024

Eu tive a honra de ter sido o Presidente da Sociedade Brasileira de Computação no período de 1987 a 1989. No ano em que a sociedade comemora os seus 30 anos de existência, cada ex-Presidente foi requisitado a refletir sobre a sua administração à frente de tão importante organização. Este artigo dá uma idéia do panorama nacional na área de computação no período que precedeu minha administração e discute como os acontecimentos da época influenciaram os objetivos e ações da minha gestão.
As Dimensões, a Evolução e os Desafios da SBC
Authors: Wagner Flávio Rech
Published: October 2024

Este artigo inicia-se com uma apresentação daquelas que são, a meu ver, as três principais dimensões de atuação da SBC – a da divulgação científica, a educacional e a política. Na seqüência, é analisada a evolução da sociedade nos períodos de 1993 a 1999 e de 1999 a 2003, este último correspondendo a minhas gestões na Presidência. Finalmente, são discutidos os principais desafios que se colocam a frente da SBC nos próximos anos.
Erkrankungsrisiko als Krankheit?
Authors: Wiese Lara
Published: October 2024

The thesis deals with the current and prospective status of persons who are not (yet) ill but have a special risk of disease or a (genetic) disposition in the German statutory health insurance under special consideration of the implications of biomarker-based prediction and early diagnosis. Among other things, it is clarified whether and under what conditions a risk of disease entitles medical treatment, and the consequences of equating risk and illness are examined. Also, a proposal is made, how the law can overcome the outdated dichotomy between health and illness and how the medical needs of the "healthy ill" can be taken into account.
Perspective Chapter: Court Interpreters in the Pursuit of Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: O’Nyangeri Akungah , Omboga Zaja , Habwe John
Published: October 2024

The work of court interpreters and translators interconnects with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those related to access to justice, equality, human rights, and peace. As linguistic intermediaries within the legal system, they make a substantial contribution to fostering profound understanding of the laws and policies that underpin the global commitment to sustainable development. This chapter explores some contributions made by court interpreters and the impediments constraining the realization and achievement of SDGs. In addition, the chapter examines the nuanced challenges faced by interpreters in navigating diverse legal landscapes and cultures and the strategies to empower them to better support the achievement of SDGs.
Innovative Use of Machine Learning-Aided Virtual Reality and Natural Language Processing Technologies in Dyslexia Diagnosis and Treatment Phases
Authors: Daş Fevzi , Taner Elmas Emin , Ömür Bucak İhsan
Published: October 2024

Dyslexia is a common neurological disorder that affects approximately 5–10% of the population, impacting reading, writing, and spelling despite a normal level of intelligence and education. Integrating virtual reality (VR) and natural language processing (NLP) provides an innovative method for diagnosing and treating dyslexia. This method uses the interactivity of VR and the analytical potential of NLP to make accurate predictions, real-time feedback, and individualized learning experiences. Based on this research, we developed a system architecture called disVRtech that diagnoses and treats dyslexia. The VR technology offers interactive diagnosis and specific tasks, while NLP programs track user progress patterns, which are used in giving detailed and person-oriented responses. A dedicated reading passage helps diagnose dyslexia and targets specific challenges such as follow-up tasks, phonemic awareness exercises, word-definition games, and fluent reading practices. The major goal of disVRtech is to develop an efficient method for diagnosing and treating dyslexia in its early stages. This approach allows dyslexia sufferers, educators, health professionals, and supporters to benefit from fast, accurate, and effective diagnostics and treatment. The disVRtech provides a new and superior approach to the diagnosis and treatment of dyslexia, improving the quality of people’s lives and solving learning problems.
Heat Pipe Heat Exchangers for Air-Conditioning Applications
Authors: Venkataraman Vikrant
Published: October 2024

Next-generation air conditioning and cooling technologies must be environmentally friendly and sustainable. Using residual and renewable heat, wherever possible, to generate cooling will go a long way in reducing energy demands from cooling needs. This is particularly important in hot and tropical climates where for most part of the year, temperatures are almost always above 30°C, resulting in enormous amounts of energy for cooling. In this chapter, we investigate how residual/waste heat from Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and other heat sources can be integrated into an absorption refrigeration system to generate cooling. An outline of the broad system, followed by detailed methodology for component and system development and fundamental thermodynamics, will help the reader grasp the concepts better.
Preferential Solubilization of Fragrances in Micelles with Different Geometric Shapes
Authors: Tchakalova Vera
Published: October 2024

Surfactant self-assembled aggregates, the main components of consumer products, offer a solution for the solubilization of fragrances, which is crucial to the consumer’s product choice. The interactions between surfactant aggregates and fragrances are complex: surfactants influence fragrance release and performance, whereas fragrances affect the macroscopic properties of the formulation by changing the aggregate’s shape and size. The present chapter describes studies on the solubilization of some fragrance ingredients in spherical and cylindrical micelles for a better understanding of their influence on micellar structure, viscosity, conductivity, and solubilization capacity. Turbidity, conductivity, and viscosity measurements were performed simultaneously in order to monitor the solubilization of fragrance molecules and the geometric transition of the surfactant aggregate.
People’s Republic of China and the adequacy – Why Chinese data protection law is not adequate within the meaning of the GDPR
Authors: Panek Wojciech
Published: October 2024

Chinese data protection seems to be problematic. On the one hand, it does exist, at least formally, especially after the reform initiated by the adoption of the Cybersecurity Law and finished by the Personal Information Protection Law entering into force. However, the mere adoption of personal data protection regulations does not guarantee that they provide personal data protection at an appropriate level. For EU law, the adequacy standard is the reference point for verifying personal data protection in a third country. Therefore, it is necessary to meet specific criteria summarising the term of essential equivalence, as introduced by the Court of Justice of the European Union. This article discusses the three most critical problems that result from comparing the provisions of the Chinese Cybersecurity Law, the Civil Code, the Data Security Law and the Personal Information Protection Law with the EU’s adequacy standard. The article consists of the introduction, four parts and closing remarks. The first part explains the methodology of research on Chinese data protection law and criteria applied to its examination. The second, third and fourth parts discuss the complicated relationships between the laws related to the protection of personal data, the status of state authorities as data controllers and multi-stakeholder supervision over personal data protection.
Conceptualizing the green transition in energy and oil and gas: Innovation and profitability in harmony
Authors: Hilda Afeku-Amenyo  , Enobong Hanson  , Chukwuebuka Nwakile  , Yetunde Adenike Adebayo  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri
Published: October 2024

The urgency for the energy and oil & gas sectors to adopt sustainable practices has never been greater, driven by climate change concerns and evolving regulatory landscapes. This paper presents a comprehensive roadmap for energy and oil & gas companies to transition toward green energy practices while maintaining profitability. By harmonizing innovation with economic objectives, this framework outlines practical strategies that leverage renewable technologies, emission control measures, and innovative financial models to support both environmental sustainability and financial performance. The roadmap emphasizes the integration of renewable technologies such as solar, wind, and bioenergy into existing operational frameworks. This integration allows companies to diversify their energy portfolios, thereby mitigating risks associated with fossil fuel dependency. Additionally, the implementation of emission control strategies, including carbon capture and storage (CCS) and advanced monitoring systems, is critical for reducing greenhouse gas emissions while enhancing regulatory compliance. Innovative financial models, including green bonds and sustainability-linked loans, are explored as mechanisms to fund the transition toward green energy practices. These models incentivize investment in renewable projects and sustainable technologies, ensuring that financial returns align with environmental goals. By adopting a circular economy approach, companies can further optimize resource utilization, reduce waste, and generate new revenue streams from sustainable practices. This paper also addresses the importance of stakeholder engagement and collaboration in driving the green energy shift. By fostering partnerships with governments, communities, and other industry players, energy companies can enhance their sustainability efforts and improve public perception. In conclusion, this roadmap illustrates that the transition to green energy practices in the energy and oil & gas sectors is not only feasible but also profitable. By embracing innovation and aligning financial strategies with environmental goals, companies can contribute to a sustainable future while ensuring their economic viability.
Integrating digital marketing strategies for enhanced FMCG SME supply chain resilience
Authors: Oluwaseun Peter Oyeyemi  , Kikelomo Fadilat Anjorin  , Somto Emmanuel Ewim  , Abbey Ngochindo Igwe  , Ngodoo Joy Sam-Bulya
Published: October 2024

In the highly competitive Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face unique challenges in maintaining supply chain resilience. These businesses are often more vulnerable to disruptions, such as global crises, supply shortages, and shifts in consumer behavior. Integrating digital marketing strategies into supply chain management presents a solution that not only enhances resilience but also fosters growth and adaptability. Digital marketing provides SMEs with critical tools for improving visibility, engaging customers, and strengthening supply chains. E-commerce platforms, for instance, allow SMEs to diversify their sales channels, reducing reliance on traditional distribution networks. By embracing online marketplaces and direct-to-consumer models, these businesses can mitigate the risks associated with physical supply chain disruptions. This diversification also enhances their ability to reach new customer segments and expand into emerging markets. Social media marketing plays a crucial role in maintaining customer engagement during disruptions. Platforms such as Instagram and Facebook enable real-time communication with customers, providing updates on product availability, delivery timelines, and promotional offers. This strengthens customer loyalty and trust, which are essential for maintaining sales during times of uncertainty. Additionally, personalized content and targeted advertisements can help manage demand fluctuations, ensuring a balance between inventory and sales. Email marketing and customer relationship management (CRM) systems further enhance supply chain resilience by facilitating effective communication with both customers and suppliers. CRM tools allow SMEs to track customer preferences, forecast demand, and adjust marketing efforts based on real-time data. This level of agility enables SMEs to respond quickly to supply chain challenges, aligning their operations with market needs. By integrating digital marketing strategies into their operations, FMCG SMEs can achieve a more resilient, responsive, and customer-centric supply chain. The use of digital tools not only mitigates risks but also unlocks opportunities for growth in an increasingly digital world.
Integrating sustainability and safety in high-risk industries: A framework for balancing operational efficiency and environmental responsibility
Authors: Oluwaseyi Ayotunde Akano  , Enobong Hanson  , Chukwuebuka Nwakile  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri
Published: October 2024

The integration of sustainability and safety in high-risk industries, such as oil and gas, chemical manufacturing, and nuclear power, presents a complex but necessary challenge. These industries must balance operational efficiency with environmental responsibility while ensuring the highest safety standards for their workforce. This paper explores the interrelationship between sustainability goals and safety practices, examining best practices for achieving this balance and the role of technological innovations, such as predictive maintenance, the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI), in facilitating these efforts. Key obstacles, including financial constraints, regulatory complexity, and cultural resistance within organizations, are discussed, alongside policy and regulatory support opportunities. The paper also highlights future trends, such as the adoption of circular economy principles and renewable energy, which are likely to shape the integration of sustainability and safety moving forward. Recommendations for industry stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers emphasize the importance of adopting a holistic approach, investing in technology, and fostering collaboration across disciplines to create a more sustainable and safer operational environment.
Designing real-time safety monitoring dashboards for industrial operations: A data-driven approach
Authors: Oluwaseyi Ayotunde Akano  , Enobong Hanson  , Chukwuebuka Nwakile  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri
Published: October 2024

This paper explores developing and implementing real-time safety monitoring dashboards in industrial operations, focusing on their role in enhancing safety performance and ensuring regulatory compliance. The research highlights the critical elements required for successful deployment through a detailed examination of current safety monitoring systems, the application of real-time data analytics, and the principles of effective dashboard design. The study concludes with actionable recommendations for industry practitioners and policymakers to maximize the effectiveness of safety monitoring dashboards, emphasizing the importance of advanced data collection, relevant KPIs, user-centric design, and robust system architecture. By leveraging real-time safety monitoring dashboards, organizations can proactively manage safety risks, improve decision-making, and foster a safety culture.
Digital transformation in energy asset management: Lessons for building the future of energy infrastructure
Authors: Ovie Vincent Erhueh  , Chukwuebuka Nwakile  , Oluwaseyi Ayotunde Akano  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri  , Enobong Hanson
Published: October 2024

Digital transformation is revolutionizing energy asset management by integrating advanced technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, and cloud computing into traditional practices. This paper explores the lessons learned from implementing digital transformation strategies in energy infrastructure, focusing on enhancing operational efficiency, safety, and sustainability. By adopting digital tools, energy companies can achieve real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance, which significantly reduce downtime and maintenance costs. The paper discusses the importance of data-driven decision-making in optimizing asset performance and extending asset lifecycles. It highlights case studies demonstrating how leading energy firms have successfully utilized digital transformation to streamline operations, improve workforce management, and enhance stakeholder engagement. Key challenges in the digital transformation journey are also examined, including cybersecurity risks, the need for skilled labor, and the integration of legacy systems with new technologies. Addressing these challenges requires a strategic approach, emphasizing the importance of change management and continuous improvement. The paper also delves into the role of digital twins in creating virtual representations of physical assets, enabling scenario planning and performance optimization. This capability allows organizations to simulate various operational conditions and predict potential failures before they occur. Furthermore, the adoption of blockchain technology for secure and transparent transactions is explored as a means to enhance trust among stakeholders and streamline supply chains. As the energy sector continues to face pressures from climate change and the transition to renewable sources, the lessons derived from digital transformation efforts will be crucial for building resilient and sustainable energy infrastructures. The findings underscore the necessity for energy companies to embrace digital transformation as a fundamental aspect of their asset management strategies, ensuring they remain competitive and aligned with future energy demands.
Carbon capture and sustainability in LNG projects: Engineering lessons for a greener future
Authors: Ovie Vincent Erhueh  , Chukwuebuka Nwakile  , Oluwaseyi Ayotunde Akano  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri  , Enobong Hanson
Published: October 2024

As the global energy transition accelerates, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) projects are under increasing pressure to reduce their carbon footprint. Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies have emerged as a critical tool in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainability within the LNG industry. This paper explores the integration of carbon capture technologies in LNG projects, focusing on engineering solutions that enhance environmental performance while ensuring operational efficiency. By examining the role of CCUS in LNG projects, the paper highlights how innovative design and process optimization can contribute to a greener future. The discussion delves into key engineering lessons learned from successful LNG projects that have implemented carbon capture systems. These include advancements in process design, material selection, and the integration of renewable energy sources to power carbon capture facilities. Additionally, the paper evaluates the economic and environmental benefits of CCUS deployment, such as cost reductions from enhanced resource recovery and significant emissions reductions. It also considers the challenges posed by large-scale implementation, including infrastructure requirements, regulatory frameworks, and public perception. Furthermore, the paper outlines how LNG projects, through the adoption of carbon capture technologies, align with global climate goals and contribute to sustainable development. The potential for scaling up these technologies and replicating them across various energy-intensive industries is also discussed. The paper emphasizes that achieving sustainability in LNG projects is not only possible but essential for the industry's future viability. Ultimately, this paper underscores the need for continuous innovation in carbon capture technologies and the importance of collaborative efforts among stakeholders, including governments, industry leaders, and engineers, to drive progress toward a sustainable energy future.
Axatilimab (Niktimvo) for Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: October 2024

Axatilimab-csfr (Niktimvo – Incyte), a colony stimulating factor-1 receptor-blocking antibody, has been approved by the FDA for intravenous treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after failure of at least 2 lines of systemic therapy in patients weighing ≥40 kg. Corticosteroids are generally the first-line treatment for cGVHD. The oral kinase inhibitors ibrutinib (Imbruvica), ruxolitinib (Jakafi), and belumosudil (Rezurock) are also approved for treatment of cGVHD. Extracorporeal photopheresis has been used off-label.
Inavolisib (Itovebi) for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: October 2024

Inavolisib (Itovebi – Genentech), an oral kinase inhibitor, has been approved by the FDA for use in combination with palbociclib and fulvestrant for treatment of endocrine-resistant, PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. This is the first approval for Itovebi; palbociclib and fulvestrant have been available for years for treatment of HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.
In Brief: A New Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Indication for Osimertinib (Tagrisso)
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: October 2024

The oral kinase inhibitor osimertinib (Tagrisso – AstraZeneca), which has been available for years for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in adults with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutations, has now been approved for treatment of unresectable stage III EGFR-mutated NSCLC.1 About 20-30% of patients with NSCLC have locally advanced stage III NSCLC, and 60-90% of these patients have unresectable disease. Osimertinib is the first targeted therapy to be approved for the new indication.
Résilience et transformation des conflits dans les états des Grands Lacs africains : théorie, démarches et applications
Authors: Muchukiwa Rukakiza Bosco
Published: October 2024

L’éthique de la paix et la résolution des conflits est un enjeu majeur du développement dans la région des Grands Lacs. En République démocratique du Congo en particulier, une pluralité d’ONG nationales et internationales appliquent cette démarche et font une recherche active pour comprendre la dynamique des conflits. L’auteur montre la qualité de leurs démarches afin de mieux faire connaître et adresser avec succès les conflits identitaires, politiques, fonciers, territoriaux, et gagner en efficacité dans la gestion des ressources naturelles.