bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN BARAT (Analisis Komparatif Pemikiran Imam az-Zarnuji dan John Dewey)
Authors: Yuliani Yuliani
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Pemikiran Imam az-Zarnuji dalam Pendidikan adalah sangat kental dengan muatan moral-transendensi. Tujuan pendidikan diarahkan pada kedekatan diri pada Allah SWT dan mencari ridha Allah SWT. Pemikiran John Dewey dalam Pendidikan adalah bersifat partisipatif dan kebebasan, pendidikan yang fleksibel, dinamis, dan bergerak ke depan. Pendidikan Islam (Imam az-Zarnuji) dan pendidikan Barat (John Dewey), Pendidikan Islambasic moral, Barat metodologi keilmuan. Sehingga akan terlahir konsep pendidikan yang bernilai liberasi dengan muatan moral transendensi.Kata Kunci: Pendidikan, Imam az-Zarnuji, John Dewey.
AKTIVITAS MUSYAWARAH GURU MATA PELAJARAN (MGMP) ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL (IPS) DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PROFESI GURU BERKELANJUTAN (MTSN JAKTIM)
Authors: Nurfitri Isma , Zaharah Zaharah
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Aktivitas Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) khususnya IPS dalampengembangan profesi guru berkelanjutan adalah suatu forum atau wadah kegiatan professional guru mata pelajaran sejenis di masing-masing sekolah yang terdiri dari dua unsur yaitu musyawarah dan guru mata pelajaran tujuanya memberikan sosialisasi kurikulum yang sedang berlaku dan gambaran serta pemahaman tentang silabus yang berlaku, pembelakalan dan solusi tentang permasalahan pembelajaran, pembekalan bagiguru mata pelajaran dalam menentukan Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal dan pembekalan bagi penyusunan Rencana Pelaksanaan PembelajaranKata kunci: Aktivitas, Berkelanjutan, Guru, MGMP.
LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH DI MATA TOKOH AGAMA NON MUSLIM
Authors: Hermawan Dhany
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Penduduk dan keadaan ekonomi di Kabupaten Bogor, maka merupakan prospek bagi lembaga keuangan untuk mengembangkan produknya, termasuk lembaga keuangan syariah. Para tokoh agama non muslim di Kabupaten Bogor mengetahui bahwa saat ini di Indonesia khususnya di Kabupaten Bogor telah hadir lembaga-lembaga keuangan syariah, tetapi lembaga yang dikenal adalah bank syariah. Tokoh agama non muslim lebih banyak melihat keberadaan lembaga keuangan syariah tidak membawa dampak negatif terhadap kehidupan masyarakat khususnya dalam bidang ekonomi.
PENDEKATAN TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN DALAM PERSPEKTIF IBN TAYMIYYAH
Authors: Soleh Saiman
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Titik temu antara Ibn Taymiyyah dan para filsuf Muslim dalam menafsirkan ayat-ayat Al-Qur‟an dengan menggunakan pendapat pribadi. Ibn Taymiyyah merumuskan hierarki kualitas penafsiran Al-Quran yang meliputi penafsiran Al-Quran dengan Al-Qur‟an, penafsiran Al-Qur‟an dengan Sunnah Rasulullah SAW, penafsiran Al-Qur;an dengan pendapat para sahabat dan tabi‟in, penafsiran Al-Quran dengan menggunakan pendapat para ahli bahasa dan penafsiran Al-Quran dengan menggunakan pendapat pribadi. Meski berada pada alternatif terakhir, Ibn Taymiyyah tidak menafikan penafsiran Al-Quran dengan menggunakan pendapat pribadi sebagai sesuatu yang mungkin dilakukan. Al-Ghazali dan Ibn Rusyd berpendapat bahwa menafsirkan Al-Quran dengan pendapat pribadi harus tetap berada di dalam koridor teks agama yang sahih dan tidak boleh melanggar kaidah-kaidah bahasa Arab. Selain itu, baik Ibn Taymiyyah, al-Ghazali dan Ibn Rusyd sama-sama berpendapat bahwa penafsiran Al-Quran dengan menggunakan pendapat pribadi dan penafsiran metaforik (ta‟wîl) merupakan sesuatu yang jarang dilakukan dan bersifat sangat elitis.Kata Kunci: Pendekatan, Tafsir, Ibn Taymiyah
KARAKTERISTIK KELUARGA SAKINAH DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Chadijah Siti
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Karakteristik Keluarga sakînah adalah keluarga yang berawal dari rasa cinta (mawaddah) yang dimiliki oleh kedua suami-istri, kemudian berkembang menjadi kasih sayang (rahmah)di antara setiap keluarga ketika anggota keluarga tersebut semakin bertambah anggotanya, hingga terciptanya ketenangan dan kedamaian hidup. Terdapat faktor-faktor yang menjadi karakteristik dari keluarga sakinah, yaitu 1) lurusnya niyat (islâh al-niyyah) dan kuatnya hubungan dengan Allah (quwwa(tu) shilah bi(l)lâh), 2) kasih sayang (mawadah wa rahmah); 3) saling terbuka (mushârahah), santun, dan bijak (mu’âsyarah bi al-ma’rûf); 4) komunikasi dan musyawarah, 5) toleran (tasâmuh) dan pemaaf; 6) adil dan persamaan; 7) sabar dan syukur.Kata Kunci: Karakteristik, Keluarga, Islam
DINAMIKA PERUBAHAN SOSIAL DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Husein Muh Turizal
Published: September 2020

Abtrak:Dinamika perubahan sosial dan hukum Islam saling memiliki keterkaitan dalam melakukan perubahan. Satu sisi perubahan sosial karena hukum Islam. Di sisi lain, perubahan hukum Islam karena perubahan sosial. Keberadaan hukum Islam yang dibawa oleh Rasulullah SAW. dengan jelas merubah sosial masyarakat pada waktu itu dari masyarakat jahiliyyah yang berpegang kepada adat kebiasaan mereka menjadi masyarakat Islam yang berpegang kepada hukum Islam. Tetapi hukum Islam juga melakukan perubahan karena terjadinya perubahan sosial. Sesuai dengan kaidah fikih yang dibuat oleh fuqaha: “berubahnya fatwa dengan sebab berubahnya masa, tempat, keadaan (niat) dan adat kebiasaan”. Dengan melakukan perubahan hukum, maka hukum Islam itu dinamis, dan mampu beradaptasi, sehingga hukum Islam itu op tu date sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman dan perubahan sosial.Kata Kunci: Perubahan, Sosial, Hukum Islam
MEMBANGUN KEWIRAUSAHAAN (ENTREPRENEURSHIP) QUR’ANI DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Zulfitria Zulfitria , Arif Zainal
Published: September 2020

Abstrak;Membangun entrepreneur Qur’ani di perguruan tinggi, dimana penduduk Indonesia yang mayoritasnya muslim dalam kaitannya dengan kompetensi lulusan yang diharapkan oleh dunia kerja dan kompetensi pendukung lainnya. Ruang Lingkup yang akan dijabarkan, yaitu: a) Pengertian entrepreneurship dalam al-Qur'an, b) Karakteristik entrepreneur dalam al-Qur'an, c) Klasifikasi, tahapan dan proses entrepreneurshipd) Pendidikan entrepreneur di perguruan tinggi dan e) Nilai-nilai pokok dalam pendidikan entrepreneur. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa: 1) entrepreneurship terdapat dalam Al-Qur’an sebagai landasan bagi etos kerja keras yang perlu dipegang oleh umat Islam. 2) Pendidikan wirausaha (entrepreneurship) berintikan pada kemampuan dan ketrampilan mengidentifikasi kesempatan bisnis, mengorganisasi sumber-sumber daya, dan menumbuh kembangkan usaha.Kata kunci: Al-Qurani, Entrepreneurship, Perguruan Tinggi.
DASAR KARAKTERISTIK KEPEMIMPINAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Kamal Hikmat
Published: September 2020

Kepemimpinan diperlukan memiliki teladan yang menjadi model ideal pemimpin, Rasulullah SAW dikaruniai empat sifat utama, yaitu: Sidiq berarti jujur dalam perkataan dan perbuatan, Amanah berarti dapat dipercaya dalam menjaga tanggung jawab, Tablig berarti menyampaikan segala macam kebaikan kepada rakyatnya dan Fathonah berarti cerdas dalam mengelola. Agar tujuan pendidikan Islam bisa dicapai sesuai dengan yang diharapkan maka diperlukan adanya kepemimpinan yang mampu membuat perencanaan yang baik, mengorganisir, menggerakkan, dan melakukan kontrol serta mengetahui kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman. Islam memberikan dasar-dasar normatif dan filosofis tentang kepemimpinan yang bersifat komprehensip dan universal. Tidak hanya untuk umat Islam tapi juga untuk seluruh umat manusia.
MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI MINAT BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Heri Totong
Published: September 2020

Motivasi merupakan dasar penggerak yang mendorong aktivitas belajar seseorang sehingga ia berminat terhadap sesuatu yang dipelajarinya, karena minat adalah alat motivasi dalam belajar. Minat belajar seseorang tergantung kepada seberapa besar keingin untuk mendapatkan hasil belajaar. Motivasi sangat memiliki peran penting untuk menggerakkan minat belajar. Sering terjadi pada siswa yang tidak memiliki motivasi akan berdampak buruk pada hasil belajar siswa. Begitu pula sebaliknya seorang siswa yang memiliki motivasi akan berdampak positip terhadap hasil belajarnya. Betapa penting peran motivasi dalam belajar, karena itu motivai memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM WARUNG DHUAFA
Authors: Subarkah Milana Abdillah
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Islam sebagai agama rahmatan lil’alamin telah hadir berabad-abad lamanya dengan tujuan memberikan keselamatan kepada umat manusia. Melalui ajarannya yang komprehensif talah memberikan dampak positif kepada kehidupan masyarakat. Diantaranya dalam manifestasi dari Al-Qur’an Surat Al-Maun Pemuda Muhammadiyah berupaya ikut berkontribusi dalam mengentaskan masalah ditengah-tengah masyarakat melaui program warung dhuafa. Pesan yang fundamental dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter sekaligus pesan dakwah guna terwujudnya masyarakat Islam yang sebenar-benarnya.                Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Karakter, Warung Dhuafa
PENGARUH PEMIKIRAN IBN TAYMIYYAH DI DUNIA ISLAM
Authors: Basyit Abdul
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Kekuatan pemikiran Ibn Taymiyyah.1) kritik keras terhadap metode ta’wîl.2) menyarankan untuk memahami ajaran agama dengan cara menerima pesannya dan meyakini apapun makna lahir yang tersirat di dalam teks agama. 3) ajaran agama memiliki keunggulan dalam menyongsong modernitas. Pengaruh pemikiran Ibn Taymiyyah dapat dicerminkan oleh seberapa besar ketokohan intelektual para pengikutnya. Madjid Fakhry menyebutkan dua pemikir besar di dunia Islam yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh Ibn Taymiyyah, yakni Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah dan Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. Seluruh gerakan Islam yang menamakan diri sebagai gerakan Salafiyyah adalah merupakan buah dari perkembangan luas pengaruh pemikiran Ibn Taymiyyah. Bagi Nurcholis Madjid, pemikiran Ibn Taymiyyah menjadi sesuatu yang doktrinal bagi banyak sekali gerakan pembaruan Islam zaman modern, baik yang fundamentalistik maupun yang liberal.  Kata Kunci: Pemikiran, Ibn Taymiyyah, Islam.
LINK AND MATCH PENDIDIKAN SEKOLAH KEJURUAN
Authors: Husein Muh Turizal
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model kerja sama link and match yang efektif untuk diterapkan guna meningkatkan kesiapan kerja bagi lulusan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK). Dibutuhkan suatu kebijakan yang dapat meningkatkan relevansi antara Sekolah Kejuruan dengan Dunia Usaha dan Dunia Industri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi kasus (case study) dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini melakukan studi kasus di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Cipondoh Kota Tangerang Jurusan Bisnis Manajemen Kompetensi Keahlian Akuntansi bertujuan untuk mempelajari secara intensif mengenai latar belakang masalah pengangguran dan bagaimana kebijakan link and match dapat menjadi solusi mengatasi pengangguran. Penetapan informan sebagai sumber data menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) dengan adanya link and match antara pemasok tenaga kerja dengan penggunanya Pendidikan Kejuruan dapat mengetahui kompetensi (keahlian) apa yang paling dibutuhkan dunia kerja (2) model kerja sama link and match dikatakan efektif bilamana model kerja sama link and match mengantarkan standar kompetensi lulusan SMK sama dengan kompetensi harapan DUDI.
KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Aman Moh
Published: September 2020

AbstrakKeberhasilan pendidikan tidak tergantung pada salah satu komponen saja, tetapi menyangkut semua komponen yang tidak dapat dipisahkan antara yang satu dengan yang lainnya, sehingga tujuan utama pendidikan tersebut dapat tercapai. Perencanaan merupakan ruh dari setiap kegiatan ilmiah yang tentunya dilaksanakan secara sistematis dan terstruktur. Demikian pula dengan pendidikan, diperlukan adanya program yang terencana dan dapat menghantar proses pendidikan sampai pada tujuan yang diinginkan. Proses pelaksanaan hingga penilaian dalam pendidikan lebih dikenal dengan istilah kurikulum. Komponen kurikulum dalam pendidikan memiliki peran dan posisi yang penting, karena merupakan operasionalisasi tujuan yang dicita-citakan, bahkan tujuan tidak akan tercapai tanpa keterlibatan kurikulum pendidikan. Kurikulum merupakan salah satu komponen pokok pendidikan, dan kurikulum sendiri juga merupakan sistem yang mempunyai komponen-komponen tertentu yang satu sama lain saling melengkapi. Kurikulum paling tidak mencakup tujuan, struktur, program, strategi pelaksanaan yang menyangkut sistem penyajian pelajaran, penilaian hasil belajar, bimbingan-penyuluhan, administrasi dan supervisi pendidikan.
MANAJEMEN MUTU PENDIDIKAN PERPSEKTIF PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Irsyadiyah Al
Published: September 2020

AbstrakManajemen dapat diartikan sebagai pengelolaan, ketatalaksanaan dan penggunaan sumber daya secara efektif untuk mencapai sasaran yang diinginkan. Beberapa hal yang harus dicermati dalam manajemen mutu pendidikan Islam: Perbaikan Terus Menerus, Menetapkan Standar Mutu, Organisasi yang berubah. Peningkatan mutu dilakukan secara menyeluruh. berdasarkan ukuran, kadar, ketentuan dan penilaian tentang kualitas sesuatu barang maupun jasa (produk) sesuai dengan kepuasan pelanggan. Pemanfaatan dilakukan melalui kerjasama secara efektif, efisien, dan produktif untuk mencapai kebahagiaan dan kesejahteraan baik di dunia maupun di akhirat.
KERAGAMAN MANUSIA DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Halimi Fatih
Published: September 2020

AbstrakIslam secara normatif telah menguraikan tentang kesetaraan dalam bermasyarakat yang tidak mendiskriminasikan kelompok lain. Islam memandang segala perbedaan sebuah anugrah Tuhan yang begitu besar yang harus di syukuri. Dalam tatanan kehidupan masyarakat multikulturalis dalam pandangan Islam memiliki kedudukan yang sama, memiliki hak dan kewajiban yang sama baik dalam bidang sosial, politik maupun hukum. Pendidikan memegang peranan penting. Pendidikan dalam hidup dan kehidupan manusia diakui sebagai satu kesatuan, proses pendidikan di masyarakat juga turut mempengaruhi perkembangan kepribadian manusia itu sendiri.
PERSPEKTIF PENDEKATAN TAFSÎR BI AL-MA’TSÛR PASCA IBN TAYMIYYAH
Authors: Lani Sah
Published: September 2020

AbstrakIbn Taymiyyah merumuskan hierarki kualitas penafsiran Al-Qur’an yang meliputi penafsiran Al-Qur’an dengan Al-Qur’an, penafsiran Al-Qur’an dengan Sunnah Rasulullah SAW, penafsiran Al-Qur’an dengan pendapat para sahabat dan tabi’in, penafsiran Al-Qur’an dengan menggunakan pendapat para ahli bahasa dan penafsiran Al-Qur’an dengan menggunakan pendapat pribadi. Meski berada pada alternatif terakhir, Ibn Taymiyyah tidak menafikan penafsiran Al-Qur’an dengan menggunakan pendapat pribadi sebagai sesuatu yang mungkin dilakukan.
ANALISIS KESESUIAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN TERHADAP MAQASHID SYARIAH (STUDI KASUS DI BMT BINA INSAN SEJAHTERA MANDIRI)
Authors: Arif Zainal , Nisah Farhatun Dina , Hermawan Dhany , Husein Muh Turizal
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Mempertahankan kelangsungan dan berkembangnya perusahaan membutuhkan strategi pemasaran yang baik dan professional. Tujuan dari ketentuan syariah yaitu terwujudnya keberkahan dan kasih sayang bagi semesta alam. Praktek dari kerahmatan syariah adalah apabila maqashid syariah telah dijalankan yang meliputi perlindungan terhadap agama (hifzh din), perlindungan terhadap akal (hifzh aql), perlindungan terhadap harta benda (hifzh maal), perlindungan terhadap jiwa (hifzh nafs), dan perlindungan terhadap keturunan atau kehormatan (hifzh nasl). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesesuaian strategi pemasaran terhadap maqashid syariah yang dilakukan di Koperasi Syariah BMT BISMA sesuai dengan maqashid syariah dan sudah dapat dirasakan masyarakat secara langsung, namun pihak internal BMT BISMA perlu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ilmu ekonomi Islam, salah satunya dengan mengadakan kajian ilmu ekonomi Islam yang belum diketahui agar dapat menjadi pegangan dalam memberikan edukasi dan mensosialisasikan ekonomi Islam kepada masyarakat mengingat maqashid syariah merupakan kunci dari kemaslahatan umat.
PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN JASMANI PERSPEKTIF HADITS
Authors: Kamal Hikmat
Published: September 2020

AbsstrakKesehatan dan pemeliharaan jasmani merupakan hal yang amat penting menurut ajaran Islam; yaitu menjaga kesehatan lahiriyah dan bathiniyah manusia sejak dini. Hak-hak fisik yang harus dipenuhi itu di antaranya adalah diberi makanan yang baik dan bergizi, menghindari pembebanan yang berat, diistirahatkan jika lelah, dibersihkan tatkala kotor, diobati jika sakit, dan sebagainya. Hak fisik tersebut menurut Islam tidak boleh dikesampingkan atau diabaikan karena mementingkan hak-hak yang lain, bahkan hak Allah. Melalui sendi-sendi ajaran al-Hadits mengenai cara hidup sehat, syari’at Islam telah mengaitkan kebersihan dengan ibadah, kemudian memberikan pengarahan tentang hidup sehat, kebersihan pribadi dan lingkungan. Rasulullah SAW memposisikan fisik sebagai sesuatu yang sangat berharga. Upaya untuk memberikan apresiasi terhadap nilai fisik itu adalah dengan memenuhi hak-haknya. Hak-hak fisik yang harus dipenuhi itu di antaranya adalah diberi makanan yang baik dan bergizi, menghindari pembebanan yang berat, diistirahatkan jika lelah, dibersihkan tatkala kotor, diobati jika sakit, dan sebagainya. Hak fisik tersebut menurut Islam tidak boleh dikesampingkan atau diabaikan karena mementingkan hak-hak yang lain, bahkan hak Allah
KURIKULUM KEPRIBADIAN SANTRI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Kurikulum merupakan suatu rencana yang tersusun untuk kelancarkan proses belajar mengajar di bawah bimbingan dan tanggung jawab sekolah atau lembaga pendidikan beserta staf pengajaran. Kurikulum memiliki posisi strategis karena secara umum kurikulum merupakan deskripsi dari visi, misi, dan tujuan pendidikan sebuah bangsa. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1)Untuk menganalis tujuan perencanaan kurikulum kepribadian santri; 2)Untuk menganalisis program kurikulum kepribadian santri; 3)Untuk menganalisis implementasi perencanaan kurikulum kepribadian santri; 4)Untuk menganalisis sistem evaluasi kurikulum kepribadian santri; 5) Untuk menganalisis faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat dari kurikulum kepribadian santri; 6) Untuk menganalisis tingkat keberhasilan kurikulum kepribadian santri. Kurikulum yang baik ditandai dengan jelasnya tujuan, program, terlaksananya proses dengan baik, evaluasi yang dapat diukur, serta mampu memetakan faktor penghambat dan pendukung.
SUPERVISOR PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTF AL-QUR`AN
Authors: Sahlani Sahlani
Published: September 2020

Abstrak:Pendidik berkaitan langsung terhadap kualitas pendidik dan peserta didik dalam menjalankan kewenangan seorang supervaisor dalam tata kelola pendidikan yang menyentuh langsung terhadap peserta didik, Dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil dan mutu pendidikan, kompetesi pimpinan dan kompetensi pengawasan terhadap hasil yang diharapkan, merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat penting. Kompetensi kepemimpinan harus memiliki kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi manajerial, kompetensi kewirausahaan, kompetensi supervisi dan kompetensi sosial yang kesemuanya tidak terlepas dari wawasan dan nilai-nilai al-Qur`an. Sedangkan kompetensi pengawas sekolah meliputi kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi supervisi manajerial, kompetensi supervisi akademik, kompetensi evaluasi pendidikan, kompetensi penelitian dan pengembangan dan kompetensi sosial.
QALBUN SALIM PERSPEKTIF TAFSIR IBNU KATSIR
Authors: Haromaini Ahmad , Rachman Abdul
Published: September 2020

AbstrakHati merupakan inti dari tubuh manusia, baik dan buruknya sangat berpengaruh dari kondisi hati seseorang. Literatur penafsiran mengenai hati banyak ditemukan di beberapa kitab tafsir, salah satunya adalah Ibnu Katsir dalam kitab Tafsir al-Qur’an al-‘Azhim. Bagaimanakah sikap Ibnu Katsir dalam menafsirkan kata tersebut? Adakah kecenderungan konsistensi pengambilan sumber rujukan yang dilakukan ketika menafsirkan? Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil pembahasan secara tematik dan mengambil satu sumber data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa adanya konsistensi dari tokoh yang menjadi sumber rujukan dalam penafsiran qalbun salim serta pemaknaan qalbun salim diartikan dengan selamat dari kotoran dan kemusyrikan dan yang bersih, hati yang hanya dimiliki oleh orang-orang yang beriman.
Studies on character association among quality traits and yield components in Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Kumar Amod , Kumar Shiv , Singh Sarvendra , Prasad Janeshwar , Jeena A. S. , Upreti M C
Published: September 2020

Rice is most important food crop of India and grown in different regions with differential consumer preferences for grain size, shape, aroma and cooking qualities. Therefore, crop improvement in rice not only focused on yield but also to enhance quality. Hence the present investigation was carried out with an objective of assessing the character association among twenty-two morphological and quality characters of thirty basmati rice (Oryza sativa L) genotypes. Correlation analysis revealed that Seed yield was significantly and positively associated with days to maturity (0.330**), number of tillers per plant (0.434**), number of grains per panicle (0.358**), grain weight per panicle (0.410**), and flag leaf length (0.258*).  The days to maturity exhibited a significant positive correlation with plant height, panicle length, grain weight per plant, kernel length before cooking, kernel length after cooking and L: B ratio. Tiller per plant reflected the positive and significant association with a number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle and grain weight per plant. Flag leaf length showed a significant positive correlation with a number of grains per panicle and grain weight per plant, while Grains per panicle was positively and significantly associated with grain weight per panicle, grain weight per plant and kernel breadth before cooking.  Grain weight per panicle exhibited a significant positive association with grain yield per plant (0.410**), kernel breadth before cooking (0.381**), 100 grain weight (0.240*) and 100 kernel weight (0.210*).  These characters could be utilized to form a selection index for improvement of the basmati rice.
Socio-economic impacts of the adoption of MIS (Micro-irrigation system) among small and marginal farmers of Coimbatore district, India
Authors: Kiruthika S. , Suresh Kumar D.
Published: September 2020

Considerable attention has been given to micro-irrigation technologies by policymakers to help farmers in overcoming water scarcity problems. In this paper, the potential impacts of MIS on farmers’ livelihood and economic viability of using drip in banana cultivation were analyzed using discounted cash flow techniques. The study focused on small and marginal farmers of Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu as they were provided with 100% subsidy. Adoption of MIS increased the total cropped area (6.54%), extended area under irrigation (6.55%), increased cropping intensity (69.19%) and irrigation intensity (70.95%). Investment on drip irrigation system by farmers were found financially feasible (NPV Rs.43,851.16, BCR 1.42 and IRR 30.88%). The study also brought out the constraints faced by farmers in the adoption of MIS such as lack of technical support, the inefficiency of the system with poor quality water and damage caused by animals. The research work would be helpful in understanding the advantages of using MIS by small and marginal farmers and problems encountered by them in adoption even though the investment was economically viable.
Taxonomic revision of the Genus Pieris Schrank (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from India
Authors: Singh Kirti Jagbir , Kaur Manpreet , Sidhu Avtar Kaur , Singh Navneet
Published: September 2020

The genus Pieris Schrank popularly called as garden whites are economically important species of family Pireridae, comprise 35 species world over and in India is represented by nine species. In the present manuscript, six species of genus Pieris Schrank i.e., i.e. P. brassicae (Linnaeus), P. canidia (Linnaeus),  P. deota (de Niceville),  P. extensa  Poujade, P. melete Menetries and P. rapae (Linnaeus) have been treated taxonomically from India. Besides studying morphological characters, their male and female genitalia have been described in details and illustrated for the first time. The diagnosis of the genus and key to species has been updated using genitalic attributes. In the study of genitalia, it has been observed that in the male genitalia of the genus Pieris the uncus is undivided and aedeagus is short and thick, whereas in the female genitalia the signum is bifid and appendix bursae are well developed. In the present work, the male genitalia of scheduled species P. deota has been studied and illustrated for the first time. The male and female genitalia of dry season forms and wet season forms of species P. melete, and the subspecies and polymorphic forms of species P. canidia have been studied and compared. It has been observed that in all forms there were no genitalic variations within the species.
Potential of few fungicides and plant extracts for managing charcoal rot of soybean caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Gold. in Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Sanjay  , Kumar Sanjeev , Chaudhary Bal Kishan
Published: September 2020

Charcoal rot disease of soybean caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a serious problem in most of the soybean growing area of Madhya Pradesh. In this study, seven plant extracts viz., leaves of Azadirachta indica, Citrus limon, Polyalthia longifolia, Parthenium hysterophorus and Ricinus communis, bulb of Allium sativum and Allium cepa and eight fungicides  viz., Captan (0.25%), Mancozeb (0.25%), Carbendazim + Mancozeb (25%), Thiophanate Methyl (0.1%), Pyraclostrobin (0.2%), Carbendazim (0.1%) and Blue copper (0.3% )  were evaluated for an effective management of charcoal rot of soybean caused by M. phaseolina (Tassi) Goid under in vitro and in vivo condition. Among plant extracts, garlic clove extract was found most effective showing 77.3 %  growth inhibition and poor microslerotia formation of M. phaseolina by 77.3 % followed by parthenium leaf extract (75.2% inhibition) at 15 % concentration. Two soil drenching of garlic clove extracts @ 15.0 % concentration also found most effective for the management of disease under field condition recorded minimum disease incidence (13.5%) and highest yield (14.6q/ha). Among fungicides, Carbendazim (0.1%) and Thiophanate Methyl (0.1%) showed 100 % inhibition of radial growth and microsclerotia production of M phaseolina under in vitro condition. Two soil drenching of Carbendazim @ 0.1%  found to be most effective for the management of charcoal rot of soybean under field condition showing minimum disease incidence (5.36%) and producing highest yield (16.0 q/ha) followed by Thiophanate Methyl. These results suggested that the toxic effect of Carbendazim  and Thiophanate Methyl  and  A. sativum inhibited maximum mycelium growth in vitro and provide management of charcoal rot disease under field conditions.
On new parametric representations of certain classes of subharmonic functions in the unit disk
Authors: Shamoyan Romi
Published: September 2020

We define new spaces of subharmonic functions in the unit disk and provide characterizations of these new classes of functions via parametric representation.
THE GERMAN ANTI-KEYNES? ON WALTER EUCKEN’S MACROECONOMICS
Authors: Feld Lars P. , Koehler Ekkehard , Nientiedt Daniel
Published: September 2020

The work of Walter Eucken (1891–1950), founder of German ordoliberalism, is often described as being in direct opposition to that of John Maynard Keynes. Our paper challenges this claim by making two main arguments. First, we show that Eucken supported a proto-Keynesian stimulus program at the height of the Great Depression, the so-called Lautenbach plan of 1931. Second, we analyze his critique of full employment policy, which reveals that Eucken’s approach to solving macroeconomic problems is fundamentally different, if not necessarily contrary to that of Keynes.
The Far-reaching Impacts of Coastal Flooding on Non-Highway Car Accidents in the San Francisco Bay Area
Authors: Kasmalkar Indraneel
Published: September 2020

A rising global sea level and intensifying coastal flood events increase the risks of disruption of traffic networks in low-lying, coastal communities. The inundation of major traffic corridors forces commuters onto alternate routes, thus creating travel time delays, and increasing the likelihood of traffic accidents. In this study, we build on our previous work of understanding flood impacts on the transportation system by quantifying the increase in non-highway car accident rates in the San Francisco Bay Area as a result of flood-related traffic disruption in the 2020-2040 period. We simulate traffic patterns by integrating an incremental traffic assignment model with coastal flood maps that represent extreme water levels resulting from multiple potential combinations of storm surges, tides, seasonal cycles, interannual anomalies driven by large-scale climate variability such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation, and sea level rise. We partition the region into subregions and develop quadratic regression models for each subregion that relate simulated traffic volumes to historical accident rates. Our results show that the increase in accident rates is spatially extensive, reaching far beyond the areas of flooding. As the water level rises, accident rates increase in the northern and eastern regions, but decrease in the peninsula region. In contrast with travel time delays, accident rates increase substantially at low water levels, but less so at higher water levels. Our work thus suggests that, for low intensity flood events, accidents are potentially a greater concern than delays for communities.
OVERCOMING ABSOLUTE AND COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE: A REAPPRAISAL OF THE RELATIVE CHEAPNESS OF FOREIGN COMMODITIES AS THE BASIS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Authors: Morales Meoqui Jorge
Published: September 2020

David Ricardo indicated in his famous numerical example in the Principles that it would be advantageous to Portugal to import English cloth made by 100 men, although it could have been produced locally with the labor of only 90 Portuguese men. As the production of the cloth required less quantity of labor in Portugal, it has been commonly inferred that this country had a production cost advantage over England in cloth making. This inference will be proven wrong here by showing that the English cloth had a lower cost of production than the Portuguese cloth. This finding refutes the widespread belief that Ricardo had formulated a new law, principle or rule for international specialization, known as comparative advantage. He used the same rule for specialization as Adam Smith in the Wealth of Nations. Thus, the popular contraposition of Smith’s absolute versus Ricardo’s comparative cost advantage has to be dismissed.
OF ALCOHOL, APES, AND TAXES: GÜNTER SCHMÖLDERS AND THE REINVENTION OF ECONOMICS IN BEHAVIORAL TERMS
Authors: Graf Rüdiger
Published: September 2020

The article examines an early and idiosyncratic version of behavioral economics or “empir-ical socio-economics,” which the German economist and taxation expert Günter Schmölders developed in the postwar decades. Relying on both his published papers and his lecture notes and correspondence, it scrutinizes Schmölders’ intellectual upbringing in the tradition of the Historical School of Economics (Historische Schule der Nationalökonomie) and his relation to the emerging ordoliberalism, demonstrating that the roads that led to dissatisfaction with the emerging neoclassical mainstream and the unrealistic behavioral assumptions of macro-economic models were manifold. Accordingly, it shows that behavioral economics is compati-ble with various intellectual and political backgrounds and convictions. Yet, it still forms a dis-tinct entity: Comparing Schmölders with contemporary and later behavioral economists, I will show that they shared essential methodological assumptions as well as an understanding of human beings as decision-making organisms.
Bimbingan Konseling di Sekolah Dasar dan Madrasah Ibtidaiah
Authors: Mz Ihsan
Published: September 2020

Buku ini berisi tentang Bimbingan Konseling di Sekolah Dasar dan Madrasah Ibtidaiah. Ditulis oleh Ngalimun, M.Pd., M.I.Kom. dan Ihsan Mz, M.Psi. Dalam buku yang berjudul Bimbingan Konseling di SD/MI ini akan menjawab setidaknya dalam proses Bimbingan Konseling merupakan tanggungjawab bersama antara konselor, guru, dan pimpinan sekolah, yang masing-masing memiliki peran dalam keterlibatan pada proses bimbingan konseling di sekolah dan madrasah. Pada masa sekarang ini layanan bimbingan konseling merupakan tanggungjawab guru dan wali kelas, karena pada saat ini belum ada tenaga profesional (guru BK) yang diangkat dan ditugaskan di SD/MI. Buku ini ditulis dengan tujuan untuk membantu para dosen, guru, calon guru (mahasiswa) dan pemerhati pendidikan dalam bidang bimbingan konseling, sebagai referensi teori dan prakk dalam proses layanan bimbingan konseling.
Numerical evaluation of a two-body point absorber wave energy converter with a tuned inerter
Authors: Asai Takehiko , Sugiura Keita
Published: September 2020

To increase the amount of energy captured from a vibrating buoy in the ocean with a simple mechanism, this paper proposes a two-body point absorber wave energy converter (WEC) with a tuned inerter. The tuned inerter mechanism consists of a spring, a linear damping element, and a component called inerter. This mechanism was originally proposed in the field of civil engineering as a structural control device which can absorb energy from vibrating structures effectively by taking advantage of the resonance effect of the inerter part. In addition to this mechanism where a generator is used as the linear damping element, the current of the generator for the power take-off system is controlled based on the algorithms proposed in literature to achieve further improvement of the power generation capability. In this research, a detailed analytical model of the proposed WEC is introduced and developed. Then the power generation performances of full-scale WEC models are assessed through numerical simulation studies using WAMIT software and it is shown that the current-controlled WEC with the proposed mechanism achieves an 88% increase compared to the conventional one for the JONSWAP spectrum with 6 s peak period and 1 m significant wave height
Brahmavihara and its potential benefits for a harmonious workplace
Authors: Agrawal Jyotsna , Sahota Poonam Bir Kaur
Published: September 2020

For an organization to succeed it is important to give attention to employees’ well-being. With the advent of Positive Psychology, there is empirical evidence to suggest positive experiences, and individuals leads to a profitable organization, through building personal and social resources. When it comes to application of meditation as an intervention for this purpose, research has predominantly focused upon the beneficial aspects of concentrative and mindfulness meditation. The meditative traditions have a long and rich tradition, which also includes interpersonal aspects, however research in this area trails behind. Since the vedic times, there has been an emphasis on the development of qualities called brahmavihara and in yoga tradition, Patanjali has emphasized it for overcoming a variety of difficulties. The work place interpersonal context can become a fertile ground for development of jealousy, hatred, unhealthy competitiveness etc ( Sarawasti, 2013). To counter these Brahmavihara meditation may be practiced, which includes cultivation of feelings of friendliness (Maitri), joy and goodwill (Mudita), compassion (Karuna) and acceptance and equanimity (Upeksha). These specific meditations and interventions have been found to result in multi-faceted improvements with respect to lowering of anxiety, depression, psychological distress, envy and improvement in interpersonal harmony and well-being. The current paper will discuss the implications of Brahmavihara meditation for workplace harmony and wellbeing.
Anticipated Action and Attention
Authors: Genschow Oliver , Groß-Bölting Johanna
Published: September 2020

Past research has shown that merely anticipating a certain action in someone else leads observers to engage in the anticipated action—a phenomenon called anticipated action. In a standard experiment on anticipated action, participants watch video clips of a model engaging in triggering events such as nose wrinkling or hair falling. A typical finding is that when observing nose wrinkling, participants engage in more nose scratching actions than hair stroking actions and vice versa for observing hair falling. While past research suggested that this effect is due to inferring a desire in others to act, an alternative explanation is that observing a triggering event in someone else guides attention towards respective body parts facilitating any action towards this body part. In two experiments we set this explanation to a critical test. The results speak against attention as driving process and in favor of inferring a desire in others to act, because guiding attention to the location of the triggering event did not result in anticipated action effects. This result has important implications for research on anticipative processes and imitative behavior.
Pavlovian conditioning under partial reinforcement: The effects of non-reinforced trials versus cumulative CS duration
Authors: Harris Justin , Bouton Mark
Published: September 2020

A core feature of associative models, such as those proposed by Allan Wagner (Rescorla & Wagner, 1972; Wagner, 1981), is that conditioning proceeds in a trial-by-trial fashion, with increments and decrements in associative strength occurring on each occasion that the conditioned stimulus (CS) is present either with or without the unconditioned stimulus (US). A very different approach has been taken by theories that assume animals continuously accumulate information about the total length of time spent waiting for the US both during the CS and in the absence of the CS (e.g., Gallistel & Gibbon, 2000). Here we describe three experiments using within-subject designs that tested between trial-based and time-accumulation accounts of the acquisition of conditioned responding using magazine approach conditioning in rats. We found that responding was affected by the total (cumulative) duration of exposure to the CS without the US rather than the number of trials on which the CS occurred without the US. We also found that exposure to the CS without the US had the same effect on conditioning whether that exposure occurred shortly (60 s) before each CS-US pairing or whether it occurred long (240 s) before each pairing. These findings are more consistent with time-accumulation models of conditioning than trial-based models like the Rescorla-Wagner model and Wagner’s (1981) Sometimes Opponent Process model. We discuss these findings in relation to other evidence that favours trial-based models rather than time-accumulation models.
None the wiser: Year-long longitudinal study on effects of adversity on wisdom
Authors: Dorfman Anna , Moscovitch David A , Chopik William J. , Grossmann Igor
Published: September 2020

Research on consequences of adversity appears inconclusive. Adversity can be detrimental to mental health, promoting maladaptive patterns of thoughts. At the same time, posttraumatic growth studies suggest that overcoming major adversity facilitates growth in wisdom-related patterns of thoughts. We address this puzzle by examining how distinct types of adversity impact wisdom over time and how individual differences in self-distanced (rather than self-immersed) reflection on adversity relate to different wisdom trajectories. In a four-wave prospective year-long study, participants (N = 499) recalled and reflected every three months on the most significant recent adverse event in their life. They reported how much they engaged in wise reasoning—intellectual humility, open-mindedness to diverse perspectives and change, search for compromises and resolution—as well as self-distancing during reflections. Independent raters identified seven distinct adversity types (e.g., social conflict, economic hardship, major trauma) in open-ended descriptions. Growth curve analyses revealed little evidence of positive change in wise-reasoning over the course of a year, and some evidence of negative change for health-related adversity. Whereas self-distancing was associated with stability in wisdom, self-immersing was associated with negative change in wisdom in reflections on social conflicts over time. We discuss implications these results have for adversity, change versus resilience in character strengths, and self-distancing.
How Do Cannabis Users Mentally Travel in Time: Evidence from an fMRI Study of Episodic Future Thinking
Authors: Rafei Parnian , Rezapour Tara , Batouli Seyed Amir Hossein , Verdejo-Garcia Antonio , Lorenzetti Valentina , Hatami Javad
Published: September 2020

Background: Episodic Future Thinking (EFT) is a cognitive function that allows individuals to imagine novel experiences that may happen in the future. Prior studies show that EFT is impaired in different groups of substance users, such as alcohol and heroin users. However, there is no evidence regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of EFT in cannabis users.Aim: We aimed to compare brain activations of regular cannabis users and non-using controls during an EFT fMRI task. Exploratory analyses were also conducted to investigate the association between EFT and cannabis use variables (e.g., duration of use, age-onset, etc.).Method: Twenty current cannabis-users and 22 non-users underwent a single session fMRI while completing a task involving envisioning future-related events and retrieval of past memories as a control condition. The EFT fMRI task was adapted from the autobiographical interview and composed of 20 auditory cue sentences (10 cues for past and 10 cues for future events). Participants were asked to recall a past or generate a future event, in response to the cues, and then rated their vividness after each response. Results: We found that cannabis-users compared to non-user controls had lower activation within the cerebellum, medial, and superior temporal gyrus, lateral occipital cortex, and occipital fusiform gyrus while envisioning future events. Cannabis-users rated the vividness of past events significantly lower than non-users (P<0.005). There were no significant group differences for rating the vividness of future events (P=0.052). Conclusion: Cannabis users, compared to drug-naïve controls, have lower brain activation in EFT relevant regions. Thus, any attempts to improve aberrant EFT performance in cannabis-users may benefit from EFT training.
When do comprehenders mentalize for pragmatic inference?
Authors: Trott Sean , Bergen Ben
Published: September 2020

People often speak indirectly. For example, “It’s cold in here” might be intended not only as a comment on the temperature, but also as a request to turn on the heater. How are comprehenders’ inferences about a speaker’s intentions informed by their ability to reason about the speaker’s mental states, i.e., mentalizing? We introduce a mechanistic framework by which mentalizing might be recruited for pragmatic inference, then ask: is mentalizing recruited primarily for sampling mental state information, or also for the deployment of that information for pragmatic inference? We find that the role of mentalizing is modulated by how explicitly a task involves knowledge. Mentalizing correlates with task performance when comprehenders are asked to sample and report mental state information (Experiment 1b), or when given mental state information explicitly and asked to make an inference (Experiment 2-Explicit); in contrast, mentalizing does not correlate with task performance, or correlates only weakly, when participants are given mental state information implicitly and asked to make a pragmatic inference (Experiment 1a, Experiment 2-Implicit). These results suggest that mentalizing is recruited flexibly, allowing comprehenders to construct meaning from under-specified input.
The Partial Reinforcement Extinction Effect: The Proportion of Trials Reinforced During Conditioning Predicts the Number of Trials to Extinction
Authors: Chan C. K. Jonas , Harris Justin
Published: September 2020

Four experiments compared the extinction of responding to a continuously reinforced (CRf) conditioned stimulus (CS) consistently reinforced on every trial, with extinction of responding to a partially reinforced (PRf) CS that had been inconsistently reinforced. To equate the acquisition of responding between the two CSs, the average duration of the CRf CS was extended so that it scheduled the same overall rate of reinforcement per unit time as the PRf CS. Experiment 1 used a within-subjects design to compare the rates of extinction for a 10-s PRf CS reinforced on 33% of trials versus a 30-s CRf CS. Experiment 2 made the same comparison but using a between-subjects design. Experiment 3 compared extinction in a group trained with a 10-s PRf CS reinforced on 20% of trials and a group trained with a 50-s CRf CS. Experiment 4 compared the rates of extinction following two partial reinforcement schedules, a 10-s PRf CS reinforced on 33% of trial versus a 20-s CRf CS reinforced on 66% of trials. In each experiment, responding took longer to extinguish for the CS that scheduled a lower per-trial probability of reinforcement. Modelling of individual extinction curves using Weibull functions indicated that the latency to initiate extinction was directly related to the per-trial probability of reinforcement learned during acquisition. For example, compared to training with a CRf CS, rats reinforced on 33% of trials took approximately three times as many trials to initiate extinction, and rats reinforced on 20% of trials took five times as many trials to initiate extinction. These results provide support for trial-based accounts of extinction (e.g. Capaldi, 1967), whereby rats learn about the expected number of trials per reinforcer, and extinction depends on the number of expected reinforcers that have been omitted rather than on the number of extinction trials per se.
Knowledge, attitude and perception of COVID-19 among orthopaedic surgeons
Authors: Pradhan Nabees Man Singh
Published: September 2020

Introduction: COVID-19 has a long incubation period, is highly contagious but lacks definite cure. It has evolved into a pandemic resulting in global outcry. Preventive measures include hand washing or sanitization, maintaining social distance, face mask, quarantine etc. Orthopaedic surgeons are considered a high-risk group, due to the aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) they need to perform. A good knowledge and attitude are essential to prevent the contraction and spread of the virus.

Method: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study done in the form of online survey via e-mail among the registered Orthopaedic surgeons of Nepal. A four-point Likert scale was used for single option answer. Ethical approval was obtained. Descriptive analysis of data was performed by Microsoft Excel.

Result: Out of 123 responses, on the main issues regarding hand washing, social distancing and face masks, majority (>85%) of the Orthopaedicians had a good knowledge and attitude. Around 14% disagreed on Orthopaedic surgeries being AGPs. Majority (>90%) had a positive perception about implementation of preventive measures. More than 90% of the respondents believed that hospital meetings/teaching learning activities/presentations can be effectively conducted through virtual platforms.

Conclusion: Study found that most Orthopaedic surgeons have good knowledge and attitude regarding COVID-19. Importance of hand hygiene, social distancing, surgical mask, and well-ventilated rooms were well understood. Most perceived AGPs is a high risk procedure. Study found need of awareness on doffing of PPE. Online platforms were felt effective for most meetings and clinical consultations.