bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of blast resistance of cladding with square dome-shaped Kirigami folded structures as core
Authors: Birari V.M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This study examines the response of Square Dome-shaped Kirigami (SDK) structures when used as a core in cladding systems under blast loading conditions. A numerical model of the SDK foldcore is developed on the commercially available software ABAQUS. The SDK foldcore made of an aluminium sheet is placed between two rigid plates. The model is put under a quasi-static compression test to simulate the crushing effect and the results are used to calibrate the simulation with the experimental data from the literature. To evaluate the blast resistance of the system, four different levels of blast loading conditions are applied to the top of the top plate using Trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosive, with a distance of 1500 mm from the centre of the top plate. The structural response of the SDK foldcore is then compared with that of a traditional Square Honey Comb (SHC) core under the same blast loading conditions. This study aims to evaluate the relative performance of the two different cores in terms of their ability to mitigate the effects of blast loading. The SDK foldcore demonstrated the capability to disperse blast energy over a wider area, thus decreasing the stress the cladding system experienced. The results of the study show that SDK foldcore provides a significant improvement in energy absorption, with a maximum reduction of 70% in the peak load transmitted compared to the case with no cladding. The peak load transmitted by the SDK foldcore is much more consistent than the SHC core, even under different blast loading conditions. This is due to its favourable plastic deformation, which prevents complete densification. These results suggest that the SDK folded structure has better performance in mitigating the effects of blast loading.
Progressive failure analysis of postbuckled plates via mixed formulation
Authors: Vescovini R.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This paper presents a strategy for Progressive Failure Analysis (PFA) of laminated plates, including Variable Stiffness ones, based on the Ritz method. The formulation is developed using a mixed variational principle, where the unknowns are the stress function and the out-of-plane deflections. A linear degradation model is implemented to account for damage evolution. To ensure accurate predictions, emphasis is placed on the method's ability to correctly handle the laminate's elastic couplings. The iterative nature of this type of analysis is effectively managed due to the reduced number of degrees of freedom required. Exemplary results are reported, and comparisons with Abaqus results are provided to demonstrate the quality of the predictions.
Von mises stress distribution along the cruciform specimen under biaxial loading: geometric variation effect
Authors: Mateen Mohammed Abdul
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The aim of this work is to optimize the geometry of the cruciform specimen required for in-plane biaxial testing where the failure has to occur in the central gauge region. The specimen has three different zones with three different thickness, i.e., (i) along the arm, (ii) Milled region and (iii) along the central gauge region. The geometric variables in the specimen are the radii at four different locations in the geometry (i) central gauge (ii) radius of the slots milled along the arm, corner radius at (iii) Milled region and (iv) at the intersection of arms. The Taguchi method was realized for the design of experiments considering these four factors varied at three level. However, the effect of the variation in the thickness was studied independently. During which the thickness at the central region was maintained constant to 0.7mm, whereas the thickness at the other two positions were varied from 3 mm to 3.5mm and 1 to 1.5 mm respectively. In the first set of experiments the Von Mises stress was maximum at the gauge section along with a portion of it also being appearing along the milled region on the arm of the specimen. However, for the second set of experiments the maximum stress occurred along the gauge region for the three geometries. Later, Taguchi analysis indicated the radius of the slots milled along the arm is the prime statistically influencing factor and the radius at the interface of the arm section is the second statistically influencing factor. Whereas the other two radii are found to be statistically non-influencing factor when considered individually. However, a strong interaction has been observed between all the four parameters.
Effect of steel fibres on the mechanical strengths of fly ash/GGBS based geopolymer concrete under ambient curing condition
Authors: Adamu M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The production of concrete involves the use of huge quantity of cement which is the main binder material. However, cement production involves the use of high amount of embodied energy and reduce of embodied CO2 emission. Hence one of the alternatives is the use of concrete with zero cement called geopolymer. However, the main shortcoming of geopolymer is its higher brittleness and low modulus of elasticity compared to conventional cement concrete. This led to the addition of fibres to geopolymer. In this study, the effect of steel fibres addition on the mechanical strengths of ambient cured geopolymer concrete was investigated. 60% Fly ash class F and 40% GGBFS are used as binder materials to produce ambient geopolymer concrete of grade 30 MPa, which was activated by alkaline solution (mixture of sodium Hydroxide and sodium silicate) with a constant Molarity of Sodium Hydroxide as 10M without any cement. End hooked steel fibres of aspect ratio 35, were added to the geopolymer at 0%, 0.25% and 0.5% by volume fraction. The results findings showed that the workability of the geopolymer decreased with increase in addition of steel fibres. Ambient cured specimens yield good results and higher strength is observed due to high polymerization process. Furthermore, the compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths all improved significantly with increase in percentage of volume of steel fibres at any ambient curing period.
Design of an automated cleaning ‎system for solar panels
Authors: Bouzguenda M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This project involves the design of an automated system for solar panel cleaning. ‎The purpose of the design is to reduce the effect of dust on solar PV efficiency. ‎The result is an increase in the efficiency of panel power output by 6.89%. The ‎system is useful in the solar panel field where the system can be ‎operated for a ‎long time without human intervention. It measures and records current, voltage, ‎temperature, radiation, and humidity. The measured data are sent to the ‎designated supervisor.
Bayesian regularization optimization algorithm for the experimental thermophysical property for 80:20% water and ethylene glycol based ZrO2 nanofluids
Authors: Hussain M.M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. In the current study, water and ethylene glycol (W/EG 80:20%) are used as the base fluid, and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is used as a surfactant to create nanofluids using ZrO2 nanoparticles prepared using the sol-gel technique. For temperatures ranging from 20 oC to 60 oC and various volume loadings of nanoparticles, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0%, respectively, the thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity, density, and viscosity of these ZrO2 nanofluids are experimentally evaluated. Artificial neural network based Bayesian regularization algorithm was used to find the correlation coefficient R2 and root-mean square error. New correlations were also suggested for each of the thermophysical properties. Experiments show that temperatures and concentrations of nanoparticles have a significant impact on the thermophysical properties of nanofluids. In fact, it is shown that, at 20 oC and 60 oC, respectively, increasing the thermal conductivity of nanofluids by 1.0 vol% leads to increases of almost 10.16% and 24.53%. Additionally, at 1.0 vol and 20 oC to 60 oC, the dynamic viscosity is reduced from 61.94% to 50.79%. The correlations and outcomes of the developed artificial neural network are in perfect agreement with the experimental data.
Modelling the effect of tool material on material removal rate in electric discharge machining
Authors: Arif U.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Present study aims at modelling the impact of tool materials such as copper, tungsten carbide and brass tool on the electric discharge machining of AISI 202 stainless steel. It is well known that the electrical conductivity of tool material has an influence on the current density passed through interelectrode gap and hence sparking process and MRR are affected accordingly. A finite element model was made using gaussian heat flux equation, spark radius and fraction of heat transferred to workpiece as a function of pulse on time and pulse current, latent heat in specific heat values and thermal conductivity properties. However, for the above reasons, current density used in gaussian heat flux equation was modified and electrical resistivity (which is inverse of electrical conductivity) of tool and workpiece were incorporated in it. This theorized heat flux formulae were then tested with the literature and found to give MRR similar to the literature.
Technical and economic feasibility of solar PV systems supported by energy storage in hospitals in KSA
Authors: Bouzguenda M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The ambitious KSA 2030 Vision has among others targeted the deployment of renewable ‎energies to meet KSA’s primary electric load in the residential, commercial, and industrial ‎sectors. Within this framework, the authors have evaluated the economic ‎and technical feasibility of using a combination of solar PV systems and central energy ‎storage systems in the health sectors. The combination of the two sources means ‎reducing gas emissions, and increasing the instantaneous power from renewable energy ‎sources while using energy storage to counterattack the intermittency of solar PV energy ‎that is known to cause stability issues for the grid. In addition, it reduces the dependency ‎on standby diesel generators that emit high pollution levels. ‎The paper addresses the available energy storage devices and the design of a hybrid solar ‎PV system combined with battery-stored energy. Through the study, it was found that ‎up to 15 percent of the electric consumption can be provided by the solar PV system. It ‎was found that the cost of energy competes with conventional electricity. In addition, the ‎cost of storage devices has a significant impact on the cost of energy. Moreover, low payback ‎periods were obtained for some systems.
Design of brake pads from economical materials
Authors: NOUARI A.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The aim of this work is to manufacture brake pads from a local ecological eco-material. The most commonly used materials in brake linings are asbestos, metals, and ceramics. However, asbestos releases hazardous gases upon application, making it carcinogenic. For the production of this eco-material, the powder molding technique is used. The brake pads were produced using dune sand as the base material, following the standard procedure used by manufacturers, with the aim of exploiting the chemical and physical characteristics of dune sand, which is abundant in the Algerian desert. This represents 70% of the brake pad production, in addition to 30% of polyester resins in compression molding. The properties examined were microstructure analysis, compression strength, roughness, temperature testing, and water absorption. The preliminary results show that sand can be used as a material in brake manufacturing. The results obtained in this work were compared to those of other studies and commercial brake pads and showed a close correlation, indicating that sand can be used in brake pad production.
Interaction of a rectangular jet with a slotted plate in presence of a control mechanism: Experimental study of the aeroacoustic field
Authors: Alkheir M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The acoustic comfort inside residential buildings is of high interest. HVAC systems employ different shapes of diffusers to ensure air mixing. The interaction between the airflows and the blades of these terminals may result in intense noise radiation. In this work, an experimental study was carried out to investigate the aero-acoustic production of a rectangular jet impinging on a rectangular plate with a slot. For certain flow regimes, such configuration results in whistles with high acoustic levels, called "self-sustaining tones". These tones result from the interaction between the Aerodynamic modes of the jet and acoustic modes. The impact of the vortical structures on the rectangular plate results in pressure waves that re-excite the jet near its exit. This feedback mechanism and the aero-acoustic coupling are responsible for the high-energy tones and can lead to structural fatigue through vibrations. A control mechanism consisting of a thin rod was introduced between the jet nozzle and the impinging wall to disturb the vortex dynamics responsible for the loop of the self-sustaining tones. A total of 1085 positions of the rod were tested between the nozzle and the impinged plate to identify positions of optimal noise reduction. Simultaneous Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) and unsteady pressure measurements were conducted to characterize both the kinematic and the acoustic fields. Two zones were distinguished in terms of control efficacy. In the first one, the sound pressure level dropped by 19 dB, while in the second zone, the sound pressure level increased by 14 dB. The velocity fields show that the presence of the rod divides the main jet into two lateral jets from both sides of the axis of the convergent. The presence of the cylinder creates an artificial expansion of the jet and divides it into two shear flows or jet-like flows. The outer part of these flows expands radially with less interaction with the plate as compared to the case without control. This behavior affects the deformation of vortices against the slot and results in a disappearance of the loop of self-sustaining tones. The main novelty of this work relates to the implementation and analysis of a control mechanism using 2D3C (SPIV) velocity measurements simultaneously with the acoustic radiation produced by the interaction of this flow with a slotted impinging wall.
Passive vibration damping of a plate interacting with a flowing fluid using shunted piezoelectric element
Authors: Lekomtsev S.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This paper considers a thin plate with a single piezoceramic element located on the outer surface of the structure and connected to a series electric circuit. The dependence of complex eigenvalues of the electromechanical system on the resistance and inductance of the electric circuit is analyzed to select their optimal values for suppressing the resonant vibrations of the plate interacting with a flowing fluid. The numerical studies show that in contrast to the known analytical expression, these values lead to a smaller change in the frequency spectrum of the original system and provide more effective damping of vibrations in terms of maximum rate of vibration decay. The actual decrease in the amplitude of vibrations is demonstrated by the frequency response curves.
Predicting the strength of recycled glass powder-based geopolymers for improving mechanical behavior of clay soils using artificial intelligence
Authors: Baghbani A.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The paper investigates the use of artificial intelligence (AI) methods to predict the strength of recycled glass powder (RGP) and soil mixtures based on different input parameters. The study utilized a database of 57 sets with 5 inputs, including RGP percentage, ordinary Portland cement (OPC) percentage, molar concentration, curing temperature and time, and one output, mixed UCS. There were two artificial intelligence models used in this study, a support vector machines (SVM) and classification and regression random forest (CRRF). The results demonstrate the potential of RGP-based geopolymers to improve the mechanical behavior of clay soils, and the use of AI methods to predict the strength of RGP and soil mixtures with high accuracy. Using SVM model, the testing dataset had a mean absolute error (MAE) and R2 of 0.072 and 0.978, respectively. Also, CRRF had an accurate performance with a MAE of 0.075 and the R2 of 0.979. These results suggest that the AI models fits well with the data. Also, by analyzing the results of the SVM and CRRF models, it is found that curing time is the most important input parameter, while RGP and OPC are the least significant.
Modeling and simulation of modular agricultural robot flexible production systems
Authors: Aldossary M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This paper outlines the stages in the development of an integrated modular system for agricultural robots through distinct concepts, designs, and analyses of the outcomes. The integrated modular system must be developed and produced to the highest standards for all probable situations and obstacles in diverse agricultural activities in order to improve an efficient autonomous agricultural robotic modular system. The agricultural robot is designed in accordance with design principles to produce a final product. Design concepts were made, and then a virtual prototype was created in SolidWorks with the necessary dimensions to simulate the dynamic simulation and working space, and the prototype. The finite element analysis of the integrated modular system for agricultural robots test based on the stress, strain, deformation, and mechanical analysis simulations carried out in SolidWorks, uses the virtual model as an input to verify the impact and mechanical properties. The primary objective of this study is to create a high-quality integrated modular system useful for developing supplementary agriculture tools and operations. In this study, modeling and analysis of an integrated modular system for agricultural robots are reported. The modular system is modeled in 3D using the software SolidWorks, and its static structural analysis is performed using SolidWorks. To determine the deformation, stresses, strains, and forces that the loads have on the structures, a static-structural analysis is carried out. Under static structural analysis, the following results for a modular system made were obtained: equivalent von-mises stress, total deformation, and equivalent von-mises strain.
Investigating the influence of alternative fuels on the properties of sand-bentonite liners
Authors: Bani Baker M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Landfills are one of the most effective ways utilized to dispose the wastes and usable up today, most of their failures were suspected due to the failure of their protecting natural liners. Landfill liners failure is one of the most problematic issues that face engineers and expose governments, societies, and the environment to high costs. Protection of groundwater requires that natural landfill liner structure be able to reserve its properties in harsh conditions and over a long period. However, the composition of disposed of residuals might change in the following contemporary trends and it could contain alternative fuels and their impact on natural liners requires further investigations. This paper focuses on the changes in sand-bentonite liner due to the interaction and infiltration of hydrocarbon liquids (alternative fuels); biofuel and ethanol-fuel. In this investigation, an experimental program was carried out to examine the influence of chemical properties of alternative fuels on the hydraulic conductivity, erodibility, swelling potential and shrinkage behaviour of natural liners. Series of laboratory tests were conducted in 20 cm-high PVC columns to investigate the hydraulic conductivity of the liners, swelling behaviour of bentonite when subjected to water, biofuel or ethanol-fuel was assessed by oedometer tests, and shrinking behaviour and cracking patterns of samples taken from the PVC columns were examined employing digital photo analysis. The results can be useful in designing liners, barriers as well in assessing the behaviour of clayey soil in case of accidental spills or intentional discharges.
On the deformation of layered composite arches using exponential shear and normal deformation theory
Authors: Mahajan V.M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. In the present study, the stresses and displacements are analyzed for layered composite arches of various lamination schemes subjected to uniformly loading. The present work is majorly highlighted the effects of transverse normal stress and transverse normal strain using exponential shear and normal deformation theory (ESNDT). Governing equations are derived using Hamilton’s principle with application of Navier’s method subjected to simply supported end conditions. Present theory is free from use of any shear correction factor and it satisfies the zero traction free end boundary condition at the top and bottom surfaces of the layered composite arches. In the present work symmetric and antisymmetric lamination scheme have been studied to obtain the numerical results for four layered composite arches and is validated through results available in prior literature.
Tensile behavior of functionally graded sandwich PLA-ABS produced via fused filament fabrication process
Authors: Caliskan U.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The study investigated the tensile behavior of Sandwich Functionally Graded Material (SFGM) fabricated using Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology. SFGMs are characterized by a gradual variation in composition and structure with respect to the forming volume from the lower and upper surfaces of the structure towards the center, resulting in a corresponding change in material properties. Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), a widely used AM process, was used in the present work to fabricate the thermoplastic polymer-based SFGM specimens. SFGM were produced by the FFF method using ABS and PLA materials and subjected to tensile tests according to ASTM D638.
Static analysis of cross-ply laminated spherical shells using a new hyperbolic shear deformation theory
Authors: Jape A.S.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Using a new hyperbolic shear deformation theory, higher-order closed-form solutions to the static bending analysis of laminated composite spherical shells are derived in this study. The current theory accurately predicts the distributions of transverse shear stresses across the thickness of the shell. The governing equations and related boundary conditions are obtained using the principle of virtual work. The Navier type semi-analytical closed-form solutions are obtained for the simply supported boundary conditions. The results obtained using the present theory are compared with previously published results to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the present hyperbolic shear deformation theory.
Physical-chemical characterization and exploitation of an ultra fine local in mortars
Authors: ZAOUI M.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The research aims to find a suitable replacement for the current ultrafine material used in concrete and mortar formulation. The study will focus on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the new ultrafine material in the cement matrix. The goal is to improve the performance of mortars through the use of local ultrafine. The study will include physico-chemical characterization of the ultrafine material, which may include clay or dune sand. The research will provide insights into the impact of using local ultrafine on cement-based mortars. The findings will inform the development of better formulations for concrete and mortar. The research will contribute to the use of locally sourced materials in the construction industry.
Effect of shearing conditions and initial aggregates’ state on the mechanical behavior of cellular glass foam
Authors: Jradi L.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Cellular glass aggregates made from recycled glass are increasingly being used in civil engineering and infrastructure applications. This contemporary material is relatively new in civil engineering applications. This paper investigates the effect of shearing conditions and initial aggregates’ state on the mechanical properties of cellular glass foam. A series of monotonic large-scale triaxial tests (300 mm diameter and 600 mm height) was performed in order to investigate the influence of initial dry density, initial aggregates’ state (i.e. flawless, weathered, and compacted), and consolidation stresses on the mechanical behavior of cellular glass foam. The material’s behaviour observed under monotonic shear is of contracting type, with significant evolution of the material during shear (grain crushing) and a strongly strain-hardening character. The failure criterion of the studied material is similar to the failure criterion used for granular soils for which a shearing resistance angle and apparent cohesion is perceived.
The state of 3D printing technologies: A review
Authors: Yahya O.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This review paper is written to present the 3D printing technologies from all aspects which are commercially available. Since 3D printing is evolved rapidly over the past decade, there are a number of considerable applications that are well-known in almost all areas and disciplines. This paper will focus on the existing 3D printers, its advantages, and disadvantages and applications. Furthermore, this will provide a sufficient general review in the development of 3D printing technologies.
Biomaterials with Bioactive features Developed using Ulvan as Key Component within a Bioeconomy Approach
Authors: Torres M.D.
Published: August 2023

Ulvan is a bioactive marine sulphated polysacharide that can be extracted from green algae. This biopolymer can form thermoreversible gels depending on the chemical composition and structure, showing a great potential. The cold-set gelling properties and unique shear-thickening fluid properties of this biopolymer could be valuable for the exploration of ulvans as a new source of water-soluble biodegradable gelling polysaccharides. The lack of cytotoxicity and specific properties make these gels also useful for novel biomedical applications. This chapter presents an overview on the extraction conditions of ulvans, which are key since they can affect the macromolecular distribution, rheological or textural, and bioactive properties of the isolated biopolymer, and offer a wide application field. Their chemical properties, atypical gelling performance and the corresponding mechanical characteristics are addressed. Their potential to formulate biodegradable hydrogels, to be used in 3D printing, and some representative applications will be covered.
The Effect of Credit Access on Food Security of Small Fishermen in East Java
Authors: Manzilati Asfi , Sari Yenny , Suprayogi Suprayogi , Efani Anthon
Published: August 2023

The development of access to credit in various developing countries has increased. Some of these studies show a positive and significant impact on the productivity of rural communities. Although several previous studies have proven the importance of credit in increasing the productivity of rural communities. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of access to credit on the food security of small fishermen in East Java. Yet, the data was analysis using an ordinary least square (OLS) and an ordered probit model. The results of this study show that fishermen's food security is included in the borderline category. In this sense, the majority of small-scale fishing communities are classified as having moderate food security but cannot be said to be safe. Therefore efforts are still needed to improve the food security of small-scale fishing communities in East Java. Other findings show that credit, education, ship size, Fisherman groups and the number of fishing gears have a significant influence on the food expenditure of small-scale fishing communities in East Java. Meanwhile credit, education, multigear adoption and trip length have a significant effect on fishermen's food security. Therefore, to support food security, it is necessary to increase access to credit, increase education levels, ship size, join fishermen groups, so that the number of catches and the length of fishing trips will increase which will have an impact on increasing income, in the end food security will be achieved.
Teaching as Academically Based Professional Practice
Authors: Hollins Etta
Published: August 2023

This discussion presents an argument for developing teaching as a profession wherein practitioners have a shared academic knowledge base, practices, procedures, and protocols with an understanding of how and the conditions under which to apply specific approaches. In this conceptualization, teaching is viewed as an interpretive practice that relies on academic knowledge for practice generated through research on practice translated into procedures and protocols that have been tested and validated. Knowledge from practice is generated through systematic observation and documentation of students’ responses to learning experiences and the social context for learning. Teacher preparation includes the knowledge base for teaching and a separate knowledge base for learning to teach.
Entrevista Com Maévi Anabel Nono
Authors: De Farias Isabel Maria Sabino , Mizukami Maria da Graça Nicoletti , Nono Maévi Anabel
Published: August 2023

Maévi Anabel Nono, paulista de nascimento, pedagoga de formação, é uma notável pesquisadora brasileira da área de Educação, com estudos voltados para a formação de professores e a Educação Infantil. Apresentamos, aqui, a entrevista com ela realizada, consolidada e validada entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2023, interlocução que objetivou explicitar, mediante questões ligadas às suas experiências de professora e de pesquisadora dos processos de aprendizagem da profissão docente, a reflexão sobre os aprendizados advindos com as várias situações vividas no seu percurso de desenvolvimento profissional. Na entrevista, além de evidenciar uma inserção e atuação na docência e na pesquisa fortemente marcada pela formação no CEFAM, posteriormente fortalecida com o ingresso na graduação e pós-graduação stricto sensu – tempo de formação vivido na Universidade Federal de São Carlos, ela destaca os aprendizados e desafios que vislumbra na formação de professor.
Screening and Management of Thyroid Dysfunction During Pregnancy
Authors: Lee Sul , Kim Seung-Chul
Published: August 2023

Thyroid hormone is known to play a crucial role in implantation and embryonic development, as well as in the development of the nervous and musculoskeletal systems of fetus. In particular, thyroid dysfunction is associated with various pregnancy-related complications such as miscarriage, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, and preeclampsia. Previous studies have primarily focus on the adverse effects of hypothyroidism on fetal neurodevelopment. However, the physiological and metabolic alterations occurring during pregnancy in thyroid physiology make it difficult to diagnose thyroid dysfunction. Therefore, obstetricians should have a comprehensive understanding of physiological changes of the thyroid and be familiar with the latest guidelines regarding the complications and management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy.
Parenting Experience of Shift Nurses With Elementary School-Aged Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Kim Jeung-Im , Jang Mi-Youn , Song A-Ri , Yu Jung-Eun , Baik Myung-Sook
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This phenomenological study aimed to comprehend the altered parenting experience of nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Method: Using a qualitative approach, the research design employed a phenomenological methodology. The participants were 6 nurses with elementary school-aged children. The nurses were employed in tertiary general hospitals, working on rotating shifts during the COVID-19 pandemic. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect individual data, which were then analyzed using Colaizzi phenomenological method.Results: Analyzing the collected data led to 178 significant results, from which 13 themes were derived. These 13 themes were further integrated into 5 distinct theme clusters: (1) struggling as a nurse-mom, (2) providing a supportive presence, (3) facing challenges in facilitating children's learning activities, (4) navigating parental roles in a chaotic situation, and (5) pursuing physical safety. These clusters were subsequently categorized into four overarching categories: “suffering,” which encompassed the themes of pressure of infection and providing a supportive presence, as well as “controlling,” “parenting,” and “seeking,” representing the remaining clusters, respectively.Conclusion: The parenting experiences of shift nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic encompassed various aspects, including the challenges posed by the pressure of infection, the importance of providing a supportive presence, difficulties in managing children’s learning activities, navigating parental roles amid chaotic circumstances, and the pursuit of physical safety. These experiences significantly impact the stability of shift nurses’ caregiving abilities for both their patients and their children. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a comprehensive nationallevel care support system in times of disaster situations like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Factors Influencing Perineal Injury in Women Giving Birth in Natural Childbirth Hospitals
Authors: Lee Sun Hee
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the degree of perineal injury in women who gave birth at a natural childbirth hospital.Methods: This descriptive correlational study aimed to confirm the effect of delivery at a natural childbirth hospital on perineal injury in women. We analyzed the medical records of 358 women who gave birth naturally to infants in the cephalic position at >37 weeks gestation in 2018 at an obstetric clinic in Seoul. Data were analyzed using Spearman rank correlation coefficient to identify variables affecting perineal injury, and multiple regression was used to identify the factors affecting perineal injury. IBM SPSS version 28.0 for windows was used for data analysis.Results: There were significant negative correlations between the degree of perineal injury and birth order (r=0.73, p<0.001), number of previous vaginal deliveries (r=-0.70, p<0.001), and age (r=-0.30, p<0.001). However, there were significant positive correlations between the degree of perineal injury and parity (r=0.83, p<0.001), labor duration in stage I (r=0.35, p<0.001), labor duration in stage II (r=0.37, p<0.001), fluid hydration (r=0.28, p<0.001), epidural anesthesia (r=0.27, p<0.001), and oxygen supply (r=0.26, p<0.001). Factors affecting the degree of perineal injury were parity (b=0.10, p=0.007) and birth order (b=-0.09, p=0.014), and the explanatory power of this model was 52.0% (F=130.054, p<0.001).Conclusion: The degree of perineal injury was highest in the primiparous group and decreased as the birth order increased. Therefore, to prevent perineal injury during childbirth, nursing care with minimal intervention such as epidural anesthesia is required for primiparous women.
Navigating the AI Revolution: The Case for Precise Regulation in Health Care
Authors: Reddy Sandeep
Published: August 2023

Health care is undergoing a profound transformation through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI). However, the rapid integration and expansive growth of AI within health care systems present ethical and legal challenges that warrant careful consideration. In this viewpoint, the author argues that the health care domain, due to its complexity, requires specialized approaches to regulating AI. Precise regulation can provide clear guidelines for addressing these challenges, thereby ensuring ethical and legal AI implementations.
Evaluating the Usefulness and Ease of Use of a Next-Generation–Connected Drug Delivery Device for Growth Hormone Therapy: Qualitative Study of Health Care Professionals’ Perceptions (Preprint)
Authors: Labarta José I , Dimitri Paul , Keiser Matthew , Koledova Ekaterina , Rivera-Romero Octavio
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Digital solutions targeting children’s health have become an increasingly important element in the provision of integrated health care. For the treatment of growth hormone deficiency (GHD), a unique connected device is available to facilitate the delivery of recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) by automating the daily injection process and collecting injection data such that accurate adherence information is available to health care professionals (HCPs), caregivers, and patients. The adoption of such digital solutions requires a good understanding of the perspectives of HCPs as key stakeholders because they leverage data collection and prescribe these solutions to their patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the third generation of the easypod device (EP3) for the delivery of r-hGH treatment from the HCP perspective, with a focus on perceived usefulness and ease of use.

METHODS

A qualitative study was conducted, based on a participatory workshop conducted in Zaragoza, Spain, with 10 HCPs experienced in the management of pediatric GHD from 7 reference hospitals in Spain. Several activities were designed to promote discussion among participants about predefined topics based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology to provide their perceptions about the new device.

RESULTS

Participants reported 2 key advantages of EP3 over previous easypod generations: the touch screen interface and the real-time data transmission functionality. All participants (10/10, 100%) agreed that the new device should be part of a digital health ecosystem that provides complementary functionalities including data analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

This study explored the perceived value of the EP3 autoinjector device for the treatment of GHD by HCPs. HCPs rated the new capabilities of the device as having substantial improvements and concluded that it was highly recommendable for clinical practice. EP3 will enhance decision-making and allow for more personalized care of patients receiving r-hGH.
FHIR-based Interoperability Design in Indonesia: Content Analysis of Developer Hub’s Social Networking Service (Preprint)
Authors: Heryawan Lukman , Mori Yukiko , Yamamoto Goshiro , Kume Naoto , Lazuardi Lutfan , Fuad Anis , Kuroda Tomohiro
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Interoperability in healthcare is a critical aspect for the exchange of health information. The Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) framework has become widely adopted to provide interoperable data exchange in the healthcare industry. The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the significance of interoperable data in tracking patients who have contracted the virus and keeping track of the vaccinated population. Indonesia is one of the many countries that have implemented interoperable data systems to track COVID-19 patients, and it has aspirations to expand the system to other use cases, particularly in the primary healthcare setting. The primary healthcare providers in Indonesia include Puskesmas (community health centers) and private clinics.

OBJECTIVE

To promote interoperable health data exchange in the primary healthcare sector, the Indonesian government has launched the Satusehat project. The goal of the Satusehat platform is to make health data in Indonesia interoperable and exchangeable between healthcare organizations, particularly Puskesmas and private clinics.

METHODS

For a successful implementation of the Satusehat platform in Puskesmas and private clinics, it is crucial to understand the challenges that may arise. This study analyzed the pain points of the Satusehat platform based on a content analysis of the Satusehat Social Networking Service (SNS) Telegram group messages. The study revealed the pain points and suggested existing approaches to address them, which can be used as a proposed design of interoperability for Puskesmas and private clinics, making it easier for these organizations to adopt the Satusehat platform.

RESULTS

The pain points identified in this study include issues with the FHIR server, problems with FHIR profile selection, and the mapping of EMR data into standardized data, such as mapping into the SNOMED-CT terminology. To address these issues, the study proposed practical approaches, including a federated architecture for the FHIR server instead of a centralized architecture, a FHIR writer and FHIR viewer system inspired by the Standardized Structured Medical Record Information eXchange (SS-MIX) system in Japan, and a FHIR conversion framework that integrates with our FHIR writer and FHIR viewer system.

CONCLUSIONS

These proposed solutions can help resolve the pain points identified in the study and ensure the successful implementation of the Satusehat platform in Puskesmas and private clinics in Indonesia.
Spatial Variability of the Frontal Zones and its Eddies Generated in the Norwegian Sea
Authors: Travkin Vladimir , Akhtyamova Avelina
Published: August 2023

The Norwegian Sea is the meeting place of warm and salty Atlantic waters with cold and fresh Arctic waters. The thermal and haline frontal zones (FZs) formed as a result of this interaction are areas of increased horizontal gradients of physical, chemical, and biological parameters, and have a significant impact on regional circulation. Many mesoscale eddies are generated in the FZs which are actively involved in the eddy dynamics of the Norwegian Sea. The aim of this work is to analyze the spatio-temporal variability of the vertical structure of FZs in the Norwegian Sea, as well as the eddies that form within their boundaries. The work uses data from the oceanic reanalysis GLORYS12V1, as well as the Atlas of Mesoscale Eddies "Mesoscale Eddy Trajectory Atlas product META 3.2 DT" for the period 1993--2021. We analyze the average depth and thickness of FZs, the vertical distribution of their thermohaline gradients and areas. The work examines the seasonal and interannual variability of the volumes of thermal and haline FZs, the seasonal and interannual variability of mesoscale eddies, their spatial distribution, trajectories, and main parameters. In some areas, deepening of FZs has been established, and their thickness can reach 900 m. The presence of significant haline gradients in the layer of 250--750 m has been found, while thermal FZs can be traced vertically up to 1000 m compared with haline FZs. In some FZs, the interannual variability may exceed the seasonal one. The greatest variability of haline FZs can be traced in the autumn period, and the smallest -- in the winter--spring. It is noticeable in the summer period that thermal FZs weaken. Eddies can leave the boundaries of the FZs and move away from the place of origin for hundreds of kilometers. The number and lifetime of cyclones exceed similar estimates for anticyclones, while anticyclones travel long distances compared to cyclones.
Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process in the Selection of Botryococcus braunii Cultivation Technology for Bio-crude Oil Production
Authors: Ferliandi Ferliandi , Budiman Arief , Suyono Eko Agus , Dewayanto Nugroho
Published: August 2023

Bio-crude oil is a way to utilize bioenergy that can reduce the Indonesian government's dependence on fossil energy. Bio-crude oil can be obtained by carrying out a thermochemical process of biomass. Microalgae is a potential source of biomass and Botryococcus braunii is one of the promising types of microalgae for this matter. One of the units required in the conversion process of microalgae into bio-crude oil is the cultivation unit. The objective of this study is to determine the most effective and optimal cultivation technology to be applied to the bio-crude oil refinery plant. Location of the cultivation system is in Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia. A study was conducted for this purpose using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The cultivation systems proposed to be the alternatives were open raceway pond, flat panel photo-bioreactor, hybrid, and membrane photo-bioreactor. The AHP results showed that the open raceway pond was selected to be applied to the bio-crude oil refinery process. The biomass production potential of Botryococcus braunii from the cultivation unit in this study was 19.8795 ton/year/ha which could be processed into 11.5301 ton of bio-crude oil with a high heating value (HHV) of 553,448.8 MJ.
In Silico and Validation Approaches for Optimum Conditions of Rattus norvegicus Target Gene qPCR Primers
Authors: Pollo Gracia Alice Victoria , Antara Nyoman Yudi , Alamsyah Firman , Pratiwi Rarastoeti
Published: August 2023

The qPCR method requires an oligonucleotide pair to prime the amplification process. With the variety of qPCR reagent and primer options available, in silico and laboratory experimental validation approach was needed to validate the most suitable primer for prior use. This article aims to provide in silico analysis of actin alpha-2 smooth muscle (Acta2), fibroblast activation protein (Fap), hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase-1 (Hprt1), platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (Pdgfb), phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit-1 (Pik3r1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (Vcam1) qPCR primer with qPCR and electrophoresis validation. The procedure used in this approach was in silico analysis of primer from published articles and newly designed primer. The analysis was done with Primer-BLAST for gene specificity, Primer-Dimer, OligoCalc for hairpin formation, BLAST Nucleotide for identical sequence screening, and Clustal Omega for product length validation. Experimental validation was done using qPCR for optimal annealing temperature, priming ability, and amplificon specificity, and electrophoresis for product length validation. This assessment resulted in in silico and laboratory experimental validation of Acta2, Fap, Hprt1, Pdgfb, Pik3r1, and Vcam1 primer pairs producing suitable amplicon for qPCR using Rattus norvegicus cDNA with SYBR annealing temperature range of 60-65°C with three mM MgCl2. The primer pair can be used for further qPCR analysis under similar conditions and the procedure stated can be used as starting point for qPCR Primer preparation.
Differences in Swim Bladder Histology of Anguilla bicolor bicolor at Various Stages of Sexual Maturity
Authors: Septriani Nur Indah , Rusydan Muhammad Ardillah , Agustin Gizela Aulia , Defiani Nareta , Sofyantoro Fajar , Hananya Ariel , Setyono Dwi Eny Djoko
Published: August 2023

The current study observed the histological differences of the swim bladder of the tropical eel, Anguilla bicolor bicolor, as an adaptation resulting from hydrostatic change. A total of 15 eels were collected from Pasir Puncu, Keburuhan, Purworejo and Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Indonesia in June 2017, September 2020, and April 2021. The eels were grouped into 4 stages based on the silvering stage and sex, namely: yellow undifferentiated, yellow female, silver male, and silver female. The average length and body weight of yellow undifferentiated eels were 255.07 ± 45.91 mm and 13.66 ± 8.5 g, respectively; for yellow female, the values were 374.35 ± 41.51 mm and 56.5 ± 12.02 g; for silver male, the values were 432.43 ± 15.15 mm and 140.29 ± 13.85 g; and for silver female were 702 ± 0.00 mm and 545 ± 11.31 g. The present study successfully recorded the histological structure of the swim bladder of A. bicolor bicolor in silver male and silver female stages. Silver males and females displayed a greater significant development of the swim bladder than yellow stages in the gas gland, mucosa, and submucosa layers. These results suggest that an increase in the gas gland thickness allows a greater contribution from gas to gas secretion, the mucosa exerts a mechanical effect on the newly formed gas bubbles, and the submucosa thickness reduces gas conductivity from the swim bladder wall.