bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comportamiento psicométrico del Inventario Multidimensional de Infidelidad, En Estudiantes de educación superior en Cartagena Colombia.
Authors: Geney Castro Elías Rafael , Tezon Mariana Ines , Fortich Perez David Javier , Baeza Silvia Ofelia
Published: July 2018

La infidelidad es un incumplimiento de un convenio donde se infringen los acuerdos de exclusividad relacional, es uno de los motivos más frecuentes del deterioro en las relaciones y en muchos casos quebranta la calidad de vida, la integridad y la salud. Frente a sus implicaciones es necesario contar con instrumentos capaces de evaluar las diferentes manifestaciones y consecuencias. El objetivo de la investigación fue realizar una exploración de las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario Multidimensional de Infidelidad de Romero, Rivera y Díaz. Con un diseño descriptivo Instrumental. La muestra de 500 individuos, con media 20.3 años y 73.2% de sexo femenino, se realizó análisis factorial exploratorio con rotación varimax. Se determinaron factores con autovalores mayores a 1 y que la varianza total explicara más del 50%. Los índices de consistencia interna con la fórmula Alfa de Cronbach se ubicaron entre 0.818 y 0.978.  Los resultados indican que el instrumento posee la capacidad de medir diferentes categorías de la infidelidad, a través de 4 subescalas; Conducta Infiel, Motivos de Infidelidad, Conceptos de Infidelidad y Consecuencias de infidelidad. El inventario presentado tiene propiedades satisfactorias de validez y confiabilidad que lo hacen útil en la evaluación de la infidelidad en el contexto.
Escolas noturnas para adultos trabalhadores - Bahia 1871-1889
Authors: Sousa Ione Celeste
Published: July 2018

Este artigo problematiza as escolas noturnas para adultos trabalhadores na província da Bahia, no período de 1870 a 1888, enquanto parte da escolarização empreendida entre o ano da criação do Conselho de Instrução Pública pela lei 172 de 25 de maio de 1842 e o ano de 1888, da Abolição da escravidão, que juridicamente estabeleceu novas formas de trabalho na sociedade. A vertente teórico-metodológica utilizada é uma História Social da Educação com abordagem micro-histórica dos sujeitos. Enfoca evidências sobre diversas aulas e casas de educação da província baiana cujos registros ainda são acessíveis. O critério metodológico foi articular um variado corpus de fontes como ofícios de diversos sujeitos da instrução pública baiana- pais, mestres, inspetores- e fontes oficiais da Diretoria Geral de Instrução Pública como regulamentos de ensino, relatórios de presidentes da província, relatórios de diretores de ensino, relatórios de diretores da Instrução Pública, mapas e quadros estatísticos de professores a um contexto/ processo específico vivido pela sociedade brasileira/baiana – o débâcle do escravismo em consonância com a crescente preocupação com a formação de um novo trabalhador a partir do categorizado como elemento nacional.
Os impressos estudantis e a história da educação
Authors: Torres Carla Michele Ramos , Nascimento Maria Isabel Moura
Published: July 2018

O artigo apresenta os resultados do estado da arte da pesquisa de doutorado História, Educação e Imprensa Estudantil: o pensamento progressista na revista Movimento da UNE, 1962-1963. O objetivo é demonstrar como a história da educação brasileira pela imprensa estudantil foi abordada nas produções acadêmicas stricto sensu dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação do Brasil, tendo como ponto de partida os estudos que possuem como fonte primária ou objeto de investigação a imprensa estudantil. O levantamento permitiu mapear treze dissertações, a maioria sob o viés da história cultural, revelando uma carência de trabalhos fundamentados no materialismo histórico dialético, bem como o ineditismo da pesquisa doutoral em construção.
Políticas públicas de educação no ensino básico do Estado do Paraná: da dívida social à formação para o mercado (1980-2000)
Authors: Noda Marisa , Galuch Maria Terezinha Bellanda
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo objetiva analisar de que forma diversos governos do Estado do Paraná, com plataformas políticas divergentes, elaboraram e implantaram políticas públicas para a educação do ensino básico fundamentados nas orientações de organismos internacionais como a Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (Unesco), o Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID) e o Banco Internacional para Reconstrução e Desenvolvimento (BIRD). Mesmo que em seus discursos rechaçavam o modelo neoliberal sugerido por tais órgãos, tal fenômeno pode ser percebido entre as duas últimas décadas do século XX e o primeiro decênio do presente milênio. Além do estudo bibliográfico investigamos os planos de governos e os principais documentos norteadores da educação paranaense outorgados pela Secretaria de Estado da Educação (SEED) e Superintendência da Educação (SUED) paranaense. Tendo como sustentação teórica o materialismo histórico dialético concluímos que desde fins da década de 1980 a políticas educacionais levadas por distintos governantes se apropriaram do suporte econômico e ideológico sugeridos pelo neoliberalismo.
On the extensions of a double fuzzy topological space
Authors: MATHEW SUNIL C , S Vivek
Published: July 2018

This paper introduces extensions of a double fuzzy topological space and investigates the link between the associated fuzzy topologies of a given space and its extensions. It is also explored whether the \((r, s)\)-connectedness and \((p, q)\)-compactness of a double fuzzy topological space are carried over to its extensions.
Biotinylated xanthohumol: synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation for anticancer therapy
Authors: Stompor Monika , Podgórski Rafał , Świtalska Marta , Wietrzyk Joanna
Published: July 2018

Two biotinylated derivatives of the main hop chalcone xanthohumol (1) were prepared by a one-step synthesis via esterification using biotin and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC HCl) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as coupling reagents. The products were characterized spectroscopically and their antiproliferative activity toward MCF-7, MCF-10A, HepG2, MDA-MB-231, 4T1 and Balb/3T3 cell lines was investigated using the SRB assay. For all three tested compounds the best activity was noted in the case of human (MCF-7) and mice (4T1) breast cancer cell lines (IC50 values < 9 μM). Both biotinylated derivatives showed higher anticancer activity than xanthohumol (1) towards all types of tested breast cancer cells. Double biotinylated xanthohumol (3) proved to be the most active in inhibiting cell growth, with IC50 values equal to 5.35 ± 1.5 μM for 4T1 and 8.03 ± 0.53 µM for MCF-7 cell lines. Compound 3 was also more active than 1 and 2 against liver cancer cells HepG2 (IC50 = 17.37 ± 5.1 μM), while the IC50 values for 1 and 2 were equal to 21.5 ± 2.7 and 22.1 ± 3.9 µM, respectively. 4‑O‑biotinylxanthohumol (2) was the second most active growth inhibitor, particularly with respect to MCF-7 (IC50 = 6.19 ± 1.7 μM) and 4T1 (IC50 = 6.64 ± 0.4 μM) cell lines. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) method. All tested compounds (1-3) have antioxidant activity between 2.73 and 3.38 mM. It was reported for the first time that new prenylated chalcones containing the biotin moiety effectively inhibited proliferation of cancer cells in vitro.
Comparison of the Automatically Calibrated Google Evapotranspiration Application—EEFlux and the Manually Calibrated METRIC Application
Authors: Foolad Foad , Blankenau Philip , Kilic Ayse , Allen Richard G. , Huntington Justin L. , Erickson Tyler A. , Ozturk Doruk , Morton Charles G. , Ortega Samuel , Ratcliffe Ian , Franz Trenton E. , Thau David , Moore Rebecca , Gorelick Noel , Kamble Baburao , Revelle Peter , Trezza Ricardo , Zhao Wenguang , Robison Clarence W.
Published: July 2018

Reliable evapotranspiration (ET) estimation is a key factor for water resources planning, attaining sustainable water resources use, irrigation water management, and water regulation. During the past few decades, researchers have developed a variety of remote sensing techniques to estimate ET. The Earth Engine Evapotranspiration Flux (EEFlux) application uses Landsat imagery archives on the Google Earth Engine platform to calculate the daily evapotranspiration at the local field scale (30 m). Automatically calibrated for each Landsat image, the EEFlux application design is based on the widely vetted Mapping Evapotranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) model and produces ET estimation maps for any Landsat 5, 7 or 8 scene in a matter of seconds. In this research we evaluate the consistency and accuracy of EEFlux products that are produced when standard US and global assets are used. Processed METRIC products for 58 scenes distributed around the western and central United States were used as the baseline for comparison. The goal of this paper is to compare the results from EEFlux with the standard METRIC applications to illustrate the utility of the EEFlux products as they currently stand. Given that EEFlux is derived from METRIC, differences are expected to occur due to differing calibration methods (automatic versus manual) and differing input datasets. The products compared include the fraction of reference ET (ETrF), actual ET (ETa), and surface energy balance components net radiation (Rn), ground heat flux (G), and sensible heat flux (H), as well as Ts, albedo and NDVI. The product comparisons show that the intermediate products of Ts, Albedo, and NDVI, and also Rn have similar values and behavior for both EEFlux and METRIC. Larger differences were found for H and G. Despite the more significant differences in H and G, results show that EEFlux is able to calculate ETrF and ETa values comparable to the values from trained expert METRIC users for agricultural areas. For non-agricultural areas such as semi-arid rangeland and forests, the automated EEFlux calibration algorithm needs to be improved in order to be able to reproduce ETrF and ETa that is similar to the manually calibrated METRIC products.
Towards the Verbal Decision Analysis Paradigm for Prioritization of Software Requirements Implementable
Authors: Barbosa Paulo Alberto Melo , Pinheiro Plácido Rogério , Silveira Francisca Raquel de Vasconcelos
Published: July 2018

The activity of prioritizing software requirements should be done as efficiently as possible. Selecting the most stable requirements for the most important customers for the development company can be a positive factor when we consider that the available resource does not always encompass the implementation of all requirements. Quantitative methods for reaching software prioritization in releases are many in the field of Search-Based Software Engineering (SBSE). However, we show that it is possible to use qualitative Verbal Decision Analysis (VDA) methods to solve this same type of problem. Moreover, we will use the ZAPROS III-i methods to prioritize requirements considering the opinion of the decision-maker, who will participate in this process. Finally, the results obtained in the VDA structured methods were quite satisfactory when compared to the methods using SBSE. A comparison of results between quantitative and qualitative methods will be made and discussed later.
Residual Multiparticle Entropy for a Fractal Fluid of Hard Spheres
Authors: Santos Andrés , Saija Franz , Giaquinta Paolo V.
Published: July 2018

The residual multiparticle entropy (RMPE) of a fluid is defined as the difference, Δs, between the excess entropy per particle (relative to an ideal gas with the same temperature and density), sex, and the pair-correlation contribution, s2. Thus, the RMPE represents the net contribution to sex due to spatial correlations involving three, four, or more particles. A heuristic “ordering” criterion identifies the vanishing of the RMPE as an underlying signature of an impending structural or thermodynamic transition of the system from a less ordered to a more spatially organized condition (freezing is a typical example). Regardless of this, the knowledge of the RMPE is important to assess the impact of non-pair multiparticle correlations on the entropy of the fluid. Recently, an accurate and simple proposal for the thermodynamic and structural properties of a hard-sphere fluid in fractional dimension 1 < d < 3 has been proposed [Santos, A.; López de Haro, M. Phys. Rev. E 2016, 93, 062126]. The aim of this work is to use this approach to evaluate the RMPE as a function of both d and the packing fraction ϕ. It is observed that, for any given dimensionality d, the RMPE takes negative values for small densities, reaches a negative minimum Δsmin at a packing fraction ϕmin, and then rapidly increases, becoming positive beyond a certain packing fraction ϕ0. Interestingly, while both ϕmin and ϕ0 monotonically decrease as dimensionality increases, the value of Δsmin exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior, reaching an absolute minimum at a fractional dimensionality d ≃ 2.38. A plot of the scaled RMPE Δs/|Δsmin| shows a quasiuniversal behavior in the region −0.14 ≲ ϕ − ϕ0 ≲ 0.02.
Characterization of the Fat Channel for Intra-Body Communication at R-Band Frequencies
Authors: Asan Noor Badariah , Hassan Emadeldeen , Velander Jacob , Mohd Shah Syaiful Redzwan , Noreland Daniel , Blokhuis Taco J. , Wadbro Eddie , Berggren Martin , Voigt Thiemo , Augustine Robin
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we investigate the use of fat tissue as a communication channel between in-body, implanted devices at R-band frequencies (1.7–2.6 GHz). The proposed fat channel is based on an anatomical model of the human body. We propose a novel probe that is optimized to efficiently radiate the R-band frequencies into the fat tissue. We use our probe to evaluate the path loss of the fat channel by studying the channel transmission coefficient over the R-band frequencies. We conduct extensive simulation studies and validate our results by experimentation on phantom and ex-vivo porcine tissue, with good agreement between simulations and experiments. We demonstrate a performance comparison between the fat channel and similar waveguide structures. Our characterization of the fat channel reveals propagation path loss of 1.4 dB and 3.8 dB per 20 mm for phantom and ex-vivo porcine tissue, respectively. These results demonstrate that fat tissue can be used as a communication channel for high data rate intra-body networks.
Low-Cost Passive System for Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Muro Jr. Aldo , Antoniosi Filho Nelson Roberto , Stacul Stefano , Lo Presti Diego
Published: July 2018

The present work aimed to validate a low-cost passive monitoring procedure. For its validation, the monitoring of atmospheric organic pollutants - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was carried out in a capital of the central-western region of Brazil. The sensors were fixed on poles intended for electrification during the dry season. After 15 days, samples were extracted by solvent extraction and analysed by High-Resolution Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (HRGC-FID). For the validation of the procedure, PAHs monitored and standardised by the American Environmental Agency (EPA), a benchmark for environmental monitoring of air quality by several countries, were analysed. The results demonstrated that the low-cost passive monitoring method was effective in the quantification of PAH in the environment-air, capable of being used by countries that do not have many resources for monitoring air quality.
Nonlocal Inverse Square Law in Quantum Dynamics
Authors: Granot Er'el
Published: July 2018

Schrödinger dynamics is a nonlocal process. Not only does local perturbation affect instantaneously the entire space, but the effect decays slowly. When the wavefunction is spectrally bounded, the Schrödinger equation can be written as a universal set of ordinary differential equations, with universal coupling between them, which is related to Euler’s formula. Since every variable represents a different local value of the wave equation, the coupling represents the dynamics’ nonlocality. It is shown that the nonlocal coefficient is inversely proportional to the distance between the centers of these local areas. As far as we know, this is the first time that this inverse square law was formulated.
Oridonin Enhances Radiation-Induced Cell Death by Promoting DNA Damage in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Park Hyejin , Jeong Ye Ji , Han Na-Kyung , Kim Joong Sun , Lee Hae-June
Published: July 2018

Although many attempts have been made to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy to treat cancer, radiation resistance is still an obstacle in lung cancer treatment. Oridonin is a natural compound with promising antitumor efficacy that can trigger cancer cell death; however, its direct cellular targets, efficacy as a radiosensitizer, and underlying mechanisms of activity remain unclear. Herein, we report that oridonin exhibits additive cytotoxic and antitumor activity with radiation using H460 non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. We assessed the radiosensitizing effect of oridonin by MTT, clonogenic, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, and apoptosis assays. In vitro, oridonin enhanced the radiation-induced inhibition of cell growth and clonogenic survival. Oridonin also facilitated radiation-induced ROS production and DNA damage and enhanced apoptotic cell death. In vivo, the combination of oridonin and radiation effectively inhibited H460 xenograft tumor growth, with higher caspase-3 activation and H2A histone family member X (H2AX) phosphorylation compared with that of radiation alone. Our findings suggest that oridonin possesses a novel mechanism to enhance radiation therapeutic responses by increasing DNA damage and apoptosis. In conclusion, oridonin may be a novel small molecule to improve radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.
HEART RATE LEVELS IN THE POPULATIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA DURING THE THIRTY-YEAR PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Vilkov V. G. , Kapustina A. V. , Deev A. D.
Published: July 2018

Heart rate (HR) acceleration is one of the risk factors of the number of prevalent chronic non-communicable diseases.

Aim. To evaluate changes in mean levels of HR in the Russian Federation (RF) and the United States of America (USA) in different age and sex groups from 1975 to 2014.

Material and methods. HR levels in men and women of different age groups were evaluated in the populations of the RF and the USA in 1975-1982 and in 2007-2014 by the secondary analysis of cross-sectional trials data. A total number of cases was 48974.

Results. In 80th years of XX century Russian men and women of all age groups had lower HR as compared to the USA, the distinctions were statistically significant in all age groups except for men aged 25-34 years (p<0.0001). During the next 3 decades HR significantly decreased in all groups of the USA population, while the RF population demonstrated variety of HR levels trends in different groups, absolute distinctions in mean values were relatively small and did not exceed 2 beats per minute. At the present time HR levels are less in the RF as compared to the USA in women aged 25-55 years and in men aged 25-34 years; in 55-64-year old men HR is somewhat higher in the RF than in the USA, other groups revealed statistically insignificant distinctions.

Conclusion. The USA evidently loosed out to the RF in mean levels of HR in all age groups 35 years earlier. During the next 3 decades situation has been worsened as applied to the RF and distinctions with the USA have been largely smoothed over.
STUDY OF ADHERENCE TO DRUG THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN DISTRICT HOSPITAL OF SMALL TOWN IN SARATOV REGION AND IN CARDIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF UNIVERSITY CLINIC IN SARATOV
Authors: Bulaeva Yu. V. , Naumova E. A. , Semenova O. N.
Published: July 2018

Aim. To study the relation of various factors with adherence to long-term drug therapy in patients with cardiovascular diseases in district hospital of small town in Saratov Region and patients from clinical hospital of Saratov medical university.

Material and methods. The hospitalized patients with cardiovascular diseases were included into the prospective study of long-term adherence to treatment. Questioning of patients with the determination of the attitude of respondents to their health, the desire to receive information about the disease, the level of awareness of the therapy, the degree of participation in the treatment process, the nature of the relationship with the attending physician was performed. A year after discharge, control calls were made to patients to learn whether the patient was continuing treatment prescribed a year ago in the hospital. The data on patient adherence in both hospitals were analyzed.

Results. 108 patients in the district hospital (58% of selected patients) and 70 in the Saratov hospital (33% of selected patients) responded to all questions in the questionnaire during hospitalization. Successful reaching by phone 12 months after discharge from the hospital took place in 74 patients of the small town and 40 patients of the regional center. The continuation of treatment was found in 28 (38%) and 24 (50%) patients, respectively. Patients who continued treatment significantly differed from those, who stopped therapy, by presence of myocardial infarction in anamnesis [14 (78%) patients in the university hospital and 6 (60%) patients in the district hospital; p<0.01] as well as acute cerebrovascular accident [6 (78%) patients in the university hospital and 4 (75%) patients in the district hospital; p<0.05] and stable angina class I-III [22 (61%) patients in Saratov and 28 (44%) patients in the small town; p<0.01]. Adherence to recommendations after 12 months was found in patients who considered that doctor or relatives were responsible for their health (6 patients in Saratov and 12 – in the small town; p<0.05) and believed that attending physician determines the portion of information provided to the patient [20 (60%) patients of the district hospital and 11 (63%) patients in the university clinic; p<0.05 for university clinic].

Conclusion. The adherence to long-term treatment after discharge remained low and did not exceed 50% among patients in both groups. The paternalistic model continued to dominate in the doctor-patient interconnection system.
RECENT ASPECTS OF CARDIAC REMODELING IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Lee V. V. , Timofeeva N. Yu. , Zadionchenko V. S. , Adasheva T. V. , Vysotskaya N. V.
Published: July 2018

The paper aimed to present evidence of the effect of some pathophysiological features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on cardiac remodeling in patients free of overt cardiovascular diseases, traditional cardiovascular risk factors and pulmonary hypertension. Contrary to traditional beliefs that cardiac abnormalities in COPD have been mainly associated with the right ventricle, several recent studies have shown an independent effect of pulmonary hyperinflation and emphysema on left ventricular (LV) diastolic filling and LV hypertrophy. Pulmonary hyperinflation and emphysema cause intrathoracic hypovolemia, low preload, small end-diastolic dimension and mechanical compression of LV chamber which could worsen end-diastolic stiffness. Interestingly, that the presence of LV hypertrophy in COPD patients is important but currently poorly understood area of investigation. Pulmonary hyperinflation, increased arterial stiffness and sympathetic activation may be associated with LV hypertrophy. Two-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking studies have shown the presence of sub-clinical LV systolic dysfunction in patients even with moderate COPD and free of overt cardiovascular diseases. Sarcopenia related to the inflammatory-catabolic state in COPD and hypoxia could play an important role regarding LV systolic dysfunction. Recent data reported the effects of long-acting bronchodilators on reducing lung hyperinflation (inducing lung deflation). Further studies are required to evaluate the effects of pharmacological lung deflation therapy on cardiac volume and function.
APPROACHES TO THE CHOICE OF ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH COMBINATION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE OR PERIPHERAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS: POTENTIAL OF APIXABAN
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Kochetkov A. I. , Orlova I. Yu. , Smolyarchuk E. A. , Pavlova J. S.
Published: July 2018

The choice of anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and concomitant diseases – coronary heart disease (CHD), including acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in history, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), is discussed in the article. The overall mortality and incidence of myocardial infarction in patients with CHD and AF is higher than in patients with AF without CHD. Patients with AF and PAD compared to patients with AF without PAD have higher risks both stroke and systemic embolism. The prescription of triple antithrombotic therapy is necessary for patients with a combination of AF and CHD who underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (in ACS or elective surgery). The possibility of prescription and duration, the choice of specific drugs and their doses should be determined individually, based on the risks of ischemic events associated with stenting, the risk of ischemic stroke and bleeding. Use of new oral anticoagulants (NOAC) instead of vitamin K antagonists (eg, warfarin), low doses of NOAC, studied in trials and proven efficacy in the prevention of stroke/systemic embolism, the use of clopidogrel as a drug of choice from the P2Y12 inhibitor group, the use of low doses of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), the routine administration of drugs from the proton pump inhibitor group is recommended to minimize the risk of bleeding. The data of subanalysis of the ARISTOTEL randomized clinical trial, indicating a high profile of efficacy and safety of apixaban in patients with AF, depending on the presence of CHD, PAD, concomitant use of ASA, are also presented in the article. The benefits of apixaban over warfarin for reducing the risk of stroke/systemic embolism, total mortality and the risk of bleeding in a subgroup of CHD patients are just as obvious as in the general population of the ARISTOTLE study, and in the subgroup of patients without CHD. Treatment with apixaban, both in the subgroup of patients taking ASA, and a subgroup of patients without ASA, is accompanied by a lower risk of strokes and systemic embolism and a lower incidence of major bleeding. The risk of stroke or systemic embolism was similar in patients with AF and PAD randomized to the apixaban group or to the warfarin group, as well as in patients with AF without PAD. Patients with AF and PAD who received apixaban or warfarin had a similar incidence of major bleeding or clinically significant minor bleeding.
MEMBANGUN BUDAYA KERJA DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PTK-PNF
Authors: Syamsuddin Erman
Published: July 2018

Directorate of Teachers and Education Personnel as one of Directorates, Directorate General of Quality Improvement for Teachers and Education Personnel for Nonformal Education raises an issue on “working spirit” onf the personnel competencies. It discusses some requirements to enable the Directorate to do its tasks and programs. Commitment to organization, leadership, and empowerment of the personnel are necessary to strengthen the Directorate in performing its missions and programs. In addition, continous improvement in all management aspects are needed to enable the Directorate sustain and develop for the sake of stakeholder satisfaction.
PEMETAAN PERKEMBANGAN PENDIDIK DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN PENDIDIKAN NON FORMAL
Authors: Waspodo Muktiono
Published: July 2018

This article is a review on the existence and the role of teachers and education personnel for nonformal education. The role of teachers and education personnel is under supervision of The Directorate General of Quality Improvement for Teachers and Education Personnel, through regulation No.8 2005, issued by Minister National Education. This article adopts the strategic planning of Directorate of Teachers and Education Personnel as the main reference. Critical reviews on the existence of teachers and education personnel for nonformal is very scarce. This is the mjhor cause of why many people tend to think “learning is schooling”. As a results, the term “school teachers is more familiar to us than is nonformal education teachers. Though they function the same role as school teachers do. Even, they have to work harder . The article below discusses the development of functional education teachers, the organization and the strategic policies.
Applying Principles of Multi-Factor Genetic Analysis of Infectious Disease Agents in the Work of the Rospotrebnadzor SAET during Mass Events
Authors: Kuznetsova I. V. , Efremenko D. V. , Kulichenko A. N.
Published: July 2018

Objective of the study – to develop and test in operation of the Rospotrebnadzor Spesialized Anti-Epidemic Teams (SAET), deployed during the major mass events, the procedure for application of molecular-genetic methods for detection and identification of pathogenic biological agents. Materials and methods. Utilized are the reporting documentation drawn up by the results of work of the specialized anti-epidemic teams of the Rospotrebnadzor on the provision of sanitary epidemiological welfare during Olympic Games 2014 and other important mass events in Sochi in 2015–2017. Results and conclusions. Developed and tested in practice of the Rospotrebnadzor SAET during the major mass events has been procedure for application of molecular-genetic methods, based on structured approach (algorithm) of indication and genetic characterization of PBA. Equipping of the SAET with diagnostic preparations is carried out in accordance with the provision of preparedness for performing investigations by three-level algorithm of molecular-genetic characteristics of pathogens: level I – detection (indication) of a pathogen using PCR, level II – identification of the pathogen genome fragments using PCR, level III – genotyping. Developed procedure was used successfully by the SAET during the Olympic Games 2014 and other important mass events in Sochi in 2015–2017, which allows for recommending it for future use.
ICT-mediated organizational change in microfinance organizations: a case study
Authors: Badruddozza Mia Mohammad , Ramage Magnus
Published: July 2018

A strong research tradition on the economic and social impacts of microfinance intervention has been going on. But a dearth of studies on microfinance organizational and management perspectives is there, although the social and economic impacts of this development program largely depend on its organizational setup and intervention management. ICT (decipher!!!) has been used in microfinance organizations for quite a long period of time. This study looks into the ICT-mediated material and social changes that happen in this unique type of organization and its management. The study was conducted using exploratory case study in two organizations. A number of semi-structured interviews and focus groups have been conducted at different layers of the organizations. The study found that ICT has profound implications for change in different material and social aspects of microfinance organizations. As a catalyst, ICT causes organizational structure shrank both horizontally and vertically. Because of the use of ICT a loss-of-middle phenomenon emerges in organizational structure and a tendency of centralized decision authority prevails. It helps boosting up the operational performance and transparency and lowering the long-debated interest rate of microfinance. It engenders profound changes in human resources and socio-cultural aspects of microfinance organizations. However, if protective mechanism is not adopted then the use of ICT may have detrimental effects to the social performance of microfinance. This study contributes to the knowledge domain of ICT-mediated organizational change and the microfinance policy makers by exploring the implications of ICT to different organizational aspects. It contributes by unearthing the detrimental effect of ICT to the development outcome of microfinance intervention.
KIRGIZ TÜRKÇESİNDEN TÜRKİYE TÜRKÇESİNE DEYİM AKTARMADAKİ BAZI SORUNLAR ÜZERİNE “MANAS DESTANI” ROMANI ÖRNEĞİYLE
Authors: SÜYÜNBEK KIZI Elnura , ÜSTÜNOVA Kerime
Published: July 2018

SSCB’nin dağılmasıyla Türk Dilleri arasında
hızlanan dil ve edebiyat çalışmaları Türklük bilimi için önemli konuların ortaya
atılıp tartışılmasına yol açmıştır. Bugüne kadar gerek eş zamanlı gerek art zamanlı
pek çok araştırma yapılmıştır. Bunların bir kısmı da edebi eserlerin bir yazı
dilinden ikinci bir yazı diline aktarımına yöneliktir. Türk Dilleri arasında
gerçekleştirilen metin aktarımıyla bir yandan çeviri sorunlarına dikkat
çekilirken bir yandan da genel dil özellikleriyle söz varlığını içeren konular,
karşılaştırmalı yöntemlerle incelenmektedir. Söz varlığına yönelik çalışmalar
içinde deyim aktarımı, özel bir konuma sahiptir. Özellikle lisansüstü çalışmalarda
güncelliğini yitirmediği gözlenmektedir. Konuyla ilgili çalışmalar olmakla
birlikte her yazı dili için yeterince çalışıldığı söylenemez. Bu çalışmada,
Kırgız Türkçesinden Türkiye Türkçesine çevrilen bir romandan hareketle deyim
aktarmadaki sorunlar üzerinde durulmuştur. Romandaki deyimler eşleştirilerek
deyim aktarmadaki ortak kullanımlar, farklı kullanımlar saptanmış; ortaya çıkan
sorunların gerekçeleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Preparation of alumina-zirconia (Al-Zr) ceramic nanofiltration (NF) membrane for the removal of uranium in aquatic system
Authors: Chung Youngkun , Yun Yeo-Myeong , Kim Yeo-Jin , Hwang Yu Sik , Kang Seoktae
Published: July 2018

In this research, ceramic nanofiltration (NF) membranes were prepared by depositing alumina-zirconia (Al-Zr) nanoparticles into the pores of ceramic ultrafiltration (UF) membranes for the removal of radioactive uranium in an aquatic system. The modified ceramic membranes showed NF membrane performance with around 1,000 Da molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) and 58% CaCl2 rejection. The removal efficiencies of uranium species by these successfully modified ceramic NF membranes exhibited differences depending on the pH conditions (pH 5.0, 7.4, and 10.0), and achieved the highest rejection of 91% at pH 7.4. This behavior is due to the dominant aqueous species of uranium in pH 7.4, (UO2)2CO3(OH3)−, which has the largest molecular weight among the conditions and the negatively charged species having electrostatic attraction to the positively charged ceramic NF membranes. The ceramic NF membrane prepared here is expected to be feasible in the advanced water treatment process to remove radioactive compounds.
TRANSFORMATION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS OF THE CENTER AND THE PERIPHERY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Malakhova T. S.
Published: July 2018

In modern conditions, the external economic relations between countries of the vanguard and periphery are becoming increasingly controversial and ambiguous. Undoubtedly, the problem of inequality between the mentioned groups of countries has been always acute, and many schools of economics have been working on a solution of this question. This problem has escalated after the first wave of the global economic crisis (2008–2009). Despite everything, countries of the vanguard continue to promote principles of the neoliberal model through international organizations and financial institutions, which turned out to be unviable due to numerous reasons. The article deals with economic and trade relations between countries of the vanguard and periphery within the European Union, problems and controversies of their interaction and provides with a prediction of further development of the integration group. It may definitely be said that the liberalization of the external economic relations between partners has led to the increase of inequality among them, deepening of structural problems in countries of the periphery and to the stifling of their social and economic development. On that basis, the reasons of transformation of the European Union in context of the modern global instability have been outlined, as well as two groups of country outsiders in this association. The article shows that countries of the South and Central and Eastern Europe have found themselves in a financial bondage to the core countries and that their further membership in the EU will lead to even more harmful consequences and to a deep transformation of the whole EU.
Statins: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Ricci Gabriella , Ciccone Marco Matteo , Giordano Paola , Cortese Francesca
Published: July 2018

Cardiovascular diseases secondary to atherosclerosis are the primary causes of early death
and disability worldwide and dyslipidaemia represents one of the most important modifiable risk factors.
Among lipid abnormalities that define it, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the primary
target of therapy, since multiple randomized controlled trials have shown the positive impact of its
reduction on atherosclerosis development. For their ability to lower LDL-C levels, statins are the most
studied drugs in cardiovascular disease prevention, of proven utility in slowing the progression or even
determining regression of atherosclerosis. In addition, they have ancillary proprieties, with positive
effects on the mechanisms involved in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular morbidity
and mortality, the so-called “pleiotropic mechanisms”. Although sharing the same mechanism of action,
the different chemical and pharmacological characteristics of each kind of statins affect their absorption,
bioavailability, plasma protein binding properties, excretion and solubility. In this overview, we
analysed pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of this class of drugs, specifying the differences
among the molecules, along with the economic aspects. Detailed knowledge of characteristics
and differences of each kind of available statin could help the physician in the correct choice, based also
on patient's clinical profile, of this essential tool with a demonstrated high cost-effectiveness both in
primary than in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
Authors: Ormstad Heidi , Bryn Vesna , Saugstad Ola Didrik , Skjeldal Ola , Maes Michael
Published: July 2018

Background:

The evidence based supports that multifactorial and complex immune interactions
play a role in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but contradictory findings are also reported.

Objective:

The aim of this selective review was to identify trends in the research literature on this
topic, focusing on immunology and other aberrations with respect to the different ASD subtypes.

Methods:

This selective review is based on original and review articles written in English and identified
in literature searches of PubMed.

Results:

Several studies have found that the risk of ASD is greater among children whose mothers suffered
from autoimmune diseases while pregnant. Moreover, individuals with ASD show increased levels
of antibodies that are specific for several specific proteins. Studies also show that mothers of children
with ASD have antibodies against fetal brain proteins. There are also reports on the associations
between increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and ASD. Finally, infections in mothers during
pregnancy are linked to an increased risk of ASD.

Conclusion:

We propose that the large inconsistencies in findings among studies in the field are due to
differences in subdiagnoses among the included children with ASD. Well-phenotyped ASD samples are
needed to understand the biological and immunological mechanisms underpinning ASD and its subdiagnoses.
Future research should apply new strategies to scrutinize the link between ASD and changes in
immune responsivity. Important new research avenues are to investigate the associations (a) between different
ASD phenotypes and aberrations in (auto)immune pathways and (b) between reduced natural regulatory
autoimmune responses during pregnancy, which are in turn associated with increased oxidative and
nitrosative stress in maternal blood and putative detrimental effects in the offspring.
Advice for Health Care Professionals and Users: An Evaluation of Websites for Perinatal Anxiety (Preprint)
Authors: Moore Donna , Harrison Virginia
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND

Many websites are available with information and resources for perinatal anxiety; however, there is limited research on the quality and content of these sites.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify what sites are available on perinatal anxiety, identify any information and therapeutic advice given, and review its accuracy and website design.

METHODS

We conducted an evaluation of websites for perinatal anxiety. Eligible websites (N=50) were evaluated for accuracy of information, resources for mothers, website quality, and readability.

RESULTS

Information was often incomplete and focused on symptoms rather than risk factors or impact of untreated perinatal anxiety. Websites often had information on treatment (46/50, 92%), but much less on screening (19/50, 38%). Most sites provided at least some resources to support mothers (49/50, 98%), but active, guided support was infrequent (25/50, 50%). Website quality was extremely variable and mostly difficult to read (42/50, 84%).

CONCLUSIONS

This study recommends the top 4 websites on perinatal anxiety for health care professionals and users. There is a need for websites to be developed that provide accurate, evidence-based information that women can relate to with quality support resources. Furthermore, these sites should be easy to use and readable.
A Web-Based Intervention for Relatives of People Experiencing Psychosis or Bipolar Disorder: Design Study Using a User-Centered Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Honary Mahsa , Fisher Naomi Ruth , McNaney Roisin , Lobban Fiona
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND

Relatives of people experiencing bipolar mood episodes or psychosis face a multitude of challenges (eg, social isolation, limited coping strategies, and issues with maintaining relationships). Despite this, there is limited informational and emotional support for people who find themselves in supporting or caring roles. Digital technologies provide us with an opportunity to offer accessible tools, which can be used flexibly to provide evidence-based information and support, allowing relatives to build their understanding of mental health problems and learn from others who have similar experiences. However, to design tools that are useful to relatives, we first need to understand their needs.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to use a user-centered design approach to develop an accessible Web-based intervention, based on the Relatives Education And Coping Toolkit (REACT) booklet, to support the informational and emotional needs of relatives of people experiencing psychosis or bipolar disorder.

METHODS

We engaged relatives of people with experiences of bipolar disorder or psychosis in workshops to identify their needs and design requirements for developing a Web-based version of a paper-based toolkit. We used a 2-phase qualitative approach to explore relatives’ views on content, design, and functionalities, which are considered to be engaging and useful in a Web-based intervention. In phase 1, we consulted 24 relatives in 2 workshops to better understand their existing support infrastructure, their barriers for accessing support, unmet needs, and relatives’ views on online support. On the basis of the results of these workshops, we developed a set of design considerations to be explored in a smaller workshop. Workshop 3 then involved working with 2 digitally literate relatives to design a usable and acceptable interface for our Web-based toolkit. Finally, in phase 2, we conducted a heuristic evaluation to assess the usability of the toolkit.

RESULTS

Our findings indicated that relatives require technologies that (1) they can place their trust in, particularly when discussing a highly sensitive topic, (2) enable learning from the lived experiences of others while retaining confidentiality, and (3) they can work through at their own pace in a personalized manner.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study highlights the need for providing a trustworthy, supportive tool where relatives can engage with people who have similar experiences to their own. Our heuristic evaluation showed promise in terms of perceived usability of the REACT Web-based intervention. Through this work, we emphasize the need to involve stakeholders with various characteristics, including users with limited computer literacy or experience in online support.
Combining Real-Time Ratings With Qualitative Interviews to Develop a Smoking Cessation Text Messaging Program for Primary Care Patients (Preprint)
Authors: Kruse Gina , Park Elyse R , Shahid Naysha N , Abroms Lorien , Haberer Jessica E , Rigotti Nancy A
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND

Text messaging (short message service, SMS) interventions show promise as a way to help cigarette smokers quit. Few studies have examined the effectiveness of text messaging (SMS) programs targeting smokers associated with primary care or hospital settings.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop a text messaging (SMS) program targeting primary care smokers.

METHODS

Adult smokers in primary care were recruited from February 2017 to April 2017. We sent patients 10 to 11 draft text messages (SMS) over 2 days and asked them to rate each message in real time. Patients were interviewed daily by telephone to discuss ratings, message preferences, and previous experiences with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Content analysis of interviews was directed by a step-wise text messaging (SMS) intervention development process and the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model of medication adherence.

RESULTS

We sent 149 text messages (SMS) to 15 patients. They replied with ratings for 93% (139/149) of the messages: 134 (96%, 134/139) were rated as clear or useful and 5 (4%, 5/139) as unclear or not useful. Patients’ preferences included the addition of graphics, electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) content, and use of first names. Regarding NRT, patients identified informational gaps around safety and effectiveness, preferred positively framed motivational messages, and needed behavioral skills to dose and dispose of NRT.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients recommended text message (SMS) personalization, inclusion of e-cigarette information and graphics, and identified barriers to NRT use. Combining real-time ratings with telephone interviews is a feasible method for incorporating primary care patients’ preferences into a behavioral text messaging (SMS) program.
Presentación
Authors: Aruguete Natalia
Published: July 2018

Este documento presenta brevemente los objetivos de cada uno de los trabajos que se publica en la RMOP 25.
Making and authenticating the citizen: Naturalisation and passport application in Canada
Authors: Frost Catherine , Winter Elke
Published: July 2018

How do ‘we’ know our fellow citizens? This paper considers two processes where recognition occurs in the Canadian context: passports and naturalisation. Using document and policy analysis we argue there are two major forms of knowledge called upon to sort insiders from outsiders. Mechanical knowledge involves tests and evaluations driven by document-matching, biometrics and fact-checking exercises. Moral knowledge concerns the kind of lives we live among our peers and our intentions towards the political community. We note that in the Canadian case tensions exist between expectation and reality around citizen recognition. The state increasingly aspires to know the citizen through procedural checks or material observation yet encounters limitations that require some form of interpersonal knowledge rooted in human-to-human relationships. Drawing on these processes, in conclusion we suggest that how knowledge about citizenship is framed serves to sort outsiders from insiders, endorses specific behaviours over others, and empowers the state to redefine the meaning of citizenship.