bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perlindungan Hukum Notaris atas Kewajiban Menerapkan Prinsip Mengenali Pengguna Jasa (PMPJ) dan Laporan Transaksi Keuangan Mencurigakan (LTKM)
Authors: Saputra Reynaldo
Published: December 2024

This research analyzes the legal protection of notaries regarding the obligation to apply the principle of recognizing service users and reporting suspicious financial transactions. This research study focuses on whether the obligation to maintain client confidentiality is absolute when faced with a notary's obligation to implement PMPJ and LTKM. Second, what is the legal protection for notaries who implement PMPJ and LTKM obligations? This research is normative, the approach used is statutory and conceptual, and the legal materials used are primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected using library research.
The research results show that first, the obligation to maintain client confidentiality is absolute as per the notary's oath of office and UUJN provisions. The obligations of PMPJ and LTKM are the obligations of notaries who act based on contractual relationships with service users, selling and purchasing property, managing financial services and managing company accounts, and establishing, purchasing, and selling legal entities which are not the duties of a notary's position. Second, legal protection for notaries who carry out PMPJ and LTKM obligations receive legal protection provided directly by the state. This form of protection is provided by the state to provide a sense of security for the reporter or witness from possible threats that endanger their person, life, and/or property, including their family. Notaries as reporters and/or witnesses also cannot be prosecuted either criminally or civilly
Patterns of pigment content in leaves of frost-resistant technical grape varieties depending on varietal characteristics and growing season phases
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilina, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Zakirova M.M. , Radchevsky P.P. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilina, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Tosunov Ya.K. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilina, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Samarin P.A. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilina, Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The study of the pigment complex of the main and lateral leaves of three dark-berry frost-resistant
grape varieties of domestic breeding Vecherniy, Dmitriy and Kurchanskiy was carried out., The content of
chlorophylls (a, b) and carotenoids in the phases of berry growth and ripening was determined using the
spectrometric method. Based on the obtained data, the sum of chlorophylls, as well as the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b and the sum of chlorophylls to carotenoids were calculated. It was revealed that the
pigment content in the leaves depended on varietal characteristics, vegetation phase and leaf type (main,
lateral leaves). A general trend towards a decrease in chlorophyll a was observed in the ripening phase of
grapes, the control variety Dmitriy had an increase in chlorophyll b, the sum of chlorophylls and a decrease
in carotenoids, while the varieties Vecherniy and Kurchanskiy had a decrease in chlorophyll b, the sum of
chlorophylls and an increase in carotenoids. During the berry growth phase, the most optimal ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b was observed in the leaves of the control variety Dmitriy, and during the berry
ripening phase – in the leaves of the varieties Vecherniy and Kurchanskiy, which indicates that the plants
of these varieties were in a normal physiological state during these periods. In the Vecherniy and Kurchanskiy varieties during the berry growth phase and in the Dmitry variety during the ripening phase, the ratio
between the pigment content significantly decreased, which is a sign of a stressful state of the plants. During
the berry growth phase, the chlorophylls of the leaves of the control variety Dmitriy were better protected
from photooxidation than those of the other two varieties, since the ratio of the sum of chlorophylls to
carotenoids was 2.05-3.22 times less than that of the Vecherniy and Kurchanskiy varieties. During the berry
ripening phase, for the same reason, the chlorophylls of the Vecherniy and Kurchanskiy varieties were better
protected from destruction. The obtained data confirm the fact established by other researchers that the
pigment complex of leaves can serve as an indicator of the degree of resistance of the grape plant to stress
factors during the growing season.

Keywords: grapes, variety, vegetation phases, leaf chlorophylls, leaf carotenoids, stress resistance
Modern production and storage features of tomatoes in Russia
Authors:   Krasnodar Scientific Research Institute for Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products is a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Yakovleva T.V. , Pershakova T.V. ,   Krasnodar Scientific Research Institute for Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products is a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Chernyavskaya Y.N. ,   Krasnodar Scientific Research Institute for Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products is a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Tomato is a widely grown crop in Russia both in open and protected ground, has high gross
harvest and yield capacity rates. During storage, being a climacteric culture, it matures quickly, which leads
to accelerated breathing and evaporation of moisture, loss of the presentation of the product. The process
of maturation and aging of tomatoes is associated with the peculiarity of biochemical processes inside the
fruit during storage, while the content of biologically valuable substances decreases, the quality of stored
products and organoleptic indicators deteriorate. The accelerated aging process is facilitated by the development of diseases caused by both the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms (fungal, bacterial, viral)
and those arising from non-infectious exposure (temperature, relative humidity, mechanical damage, etc.).
In this regard, in order to preserve the quality and increase the duration of storage, it is relevant to search
for domestic and foreign sources characterizing the features of tomato fruits as an object of storage, for
further research and development in the field of storage technologies that reduce the rate of biochemical
processes, prevent or reduce the intensity of fruit damage during storage. In the article the structural features
of tomato fruits were studied, tomato varieties were described, and also data on production volume were
provided. It is noted that over the past few years there has been an increase in gross harvest and yield
capacity with a simultaneous decrease in acreage, the biochemical composition of tomato fruits and its
changes occurring during maturation and storage are described, infectious (caused by pathogenic microorganisms) and non-communicable diseases that contribute to the rapid maturation and spoilage of tomato
fruits during storage are described.

Key words: tomato, classification, production, structure, storage biochemical processes, diseases
Tracing Themes of the Prophet’s Preaching in the Qur’an Tartibun Nuzul Perspective
Authors: Djidin M
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research was to trace and analyze the themes of the Prophet Muhammad's preaching based on the order of revelation. This study explored the thematic evolution of the Prophet's messages during the Mecca and Medina periods and assessed their relevance to the da'wah context of the time. Using a qualitative, literature-based method with a Tartibun Nuzul approach, the findings revealed that the early da'wah focused on aqidah and monotheism, gradually expanding to include social, ethical, and sharia law issues in response to the evolving dynamics of Arab society. This research provided a new perspective on the Prophet's da'wah strategy and its implications in a modern context.
Chat GPT Impact Analysis on API Testing: A Controlled Experiment
Authors: Setiawan Yehezkiel David , Yudha Laurentius Gusti Ontoseno Panata , Mulyono Yovie Adhisti , Simalango Veronica Marcella Angela , Karnalim Oscar
Published: December 2024

This research examines the impact of ChatGPT as a learning aid for students in API testing. A controlled experiment compared two groups: one utilizing ChatGPT and the other relying on traditional documentation. The findings indicate that participants using ChatGPT scored significantly higher in both exam tests compared to the documentation group, despite taking longer to complete tasks. Statistical analysis using t-tests confirmed these differences as significant. Post-test surveys revealed an increase in participants confidence and effectiveness in understanding and using APIs after interacting with ChatGPT. However, potential downsides, such as over-reliance on ChatGPT and insufficient deep conceptual understanding, were also observed. The results suggest that while ChatGPT can greatly enhance the quality of learning and productivity in API-related tasks, users must balance AI assistance with independent problem-solving skills. This study underscores the potential of ChatGPT as a valuable educational tool, provided it is integrated thoughtfully into the learning process.
Facial Expression Recognition using Convolutional Neural Networks with Transfer Learning Resnet-50
Authors: Istiqomah Annisa Ayu , Sari Christy Atika , Susanto Ajib , Rachmawanto Eko Hari
Published: December 2024

Facial expression recognition is important for many applications, including sentiment analysis, human-computer interaction, and interactive systems in areas such as security, healthcare, and entertainment. However, this task is fraught with challenges, mainly due to large differences in lighting conditions, viewing angles, and differences in individual eye structures. These factors can drastically affect the appearance of facial expressions, making it difficult for traditional recognition systems to consistently and accurately identify emotions. Variations in lighting can alter the visibility of facial features, while different angles can obscure critical details necessary for accurate expression detection. This study addresses these issues by employing transfer learning with ResNet-50 and effective pre-processing techniques. The dataset consists of grayscale images with a 48 x 48 pixels resolution. It includes a total of 680 samples categorized into seven classes: anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happy, sadness, and surprise. The dataset was divided so that 80% was allocated for training and 20% for testing to ensure robust model evaluation. The results demonstrate that the model utilizing transfer learning achieved an exceptional performance level, with accuracy at 99.49%, precision at 99.49%, recall at 99.71%, and an F1-score of 99.60%, significantly outperforming the model without transfer learning. Future research will focus on implementing real-time facial recognition systems and exploring other advanced transfer learning models to further enhance accuracy and operational efficiency.
Penerapan Algoritma Machine Learning Untuk Sistem Prediksi Penyakit Osteoporosis
Authors: Wiryawan Sujana Rajendra Artanto , Agastya I Made Artha
Published: December 2024

Osteoporosis adalah suatu kondisi yang ditandai dengan menurunnya kepadatan tulang, yang menyebabkan tulang menjadi rapuh dan mudah patah. Penyakit ini menjadi perhatian penting karena dapat menyebabkan kecacatan, patah tulang, dan kematian, terutama pada populasi lansia. Deteksi dini osteoporosis sangat penting untuk mencegah perkembangan penyakit melalui intervensi yang tepat waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem prediksi berbasis machine learning yang mampu mendeteksi osteoporosis dengan menggunakan tiga algoritma yang berbeda, yaitu Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), dan Gradient Boosting. Penelitian ini melibatkan analisis dan perbandingan performa dari algoritma tersebut berdasarkan metrik evaluasi seperti Akurasi, Presisi, Recall, dan F1 Score. Data yang digunakan diproses dalam dua format, yaitu ordinal dan one-hot encoding, untuk menilai dampak dari teknik pengkodean pada kinerja model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa algoritma Gradient Boosting memiliki performa terbaik pada kedua jenis data, dengan Akurasi tertinggi sebesar 91.07% pada data one-hot encoding. Sementara itu, SVM dan Random Forest juga menunjukkan kinerja yang kompetitif tetapi dengan hasil yang sedikit lebih rendah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Gradient Boosting adalah algoritma yang paling efektif untuk prediksi osteoporosis dalam penelitian ini. Temuan ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam deteksi dini osteoporosis dan mendukung upaya pencegahan dan pengobatan yang lebih efektif dan efisien.
Design of Reactor for The Production of Sodium Thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) Crystal
Authors: Chairul Islam Sultan Nazmi
Published: December 2024

In this research, the design and analysis of a batch reactor for the production of Sodium Thiosulfate crystal was carried out. This research was carried out with computational analysis and calculations of the reactor, stirrer and mass balance using the Microsoft Excel application.  It is hoped that the manufacture of Sodium Thiosulfate can be scaled up on a factory scale so that a place is needed to react the raw materials from which the Sodium Thiosulfate is made. The specifications for sodium thiosulfate production at an industrial scale (1000 times larger than the lab scale) require a volume of 186.1300 ft3, a height of 2.8147 ft, and one stirrer with a power of 1800 Hp, based on calculations from the batch reactor and stirrer. The calculations were performed using Microsoft Excel without considering effectiveness factors. The calculation results indicate that the reactor's design and performance analysis are applicable.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ca-Alginat dari Cangkang Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) dalam Pengolahan Sampel Air Sungai Mahakam untuk Kebutuhan Air Minum
Authors: Halimah Sekar Afifah Nur
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi Ca-Alginat dari cangkang kerang darah terhadap parameter kekeruhan, TSS, TDS, dan pH pada sampel air Sungai Mahakam untuk diolah menjadi air minum. Proses koagulasi dilakukan menggunakan metode jar test menggunakan sampel air Sungai Mahakam  sebanyak 500 mL, dengan variasi konsentrasi Na-Alginat  6, 8, 10, 14, dan 16 mg/L pada konsentrasi CaCO3 konstan, yaitu 200 mg/L serta variasi konsentrasi CaCO3 cangkang kerang darah 100, 200, 300, 400, dan 500 mg/L pada konsentrasi Na-Alginat konstan, yaitu 8 mg/L. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh konsentrasi Ca-Alginat terbaik pada konsentrasi Ca2+ 100 mg/L dan konsentrasi Na-Alginat 8 mg/L dengan nilai akhir kekeruhan 18,67  NTU, TSS 19, 35 mg/L, TDS 244 mg/L, dan pH 7,14. Nilai TSS, TDS, dan pH setelah proses koagulasi memenuhi baku mutu air minum, sedangkan nilai kekeruhan belum memenuhi baku mutu air minum berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 dan Peraturan Daerah Provinsi  Kalimantan Timur Nomor 2 Tahun 2011.Kata kunci : ca-Alginat, cangkang kerang darah, kekeruhan, pH, TDS & TSS
Aplikasi Proses Desinfeksi Air Minum Menggunakan Cuka Kayu Berbasis Limbah Serbuk Gergaji Sebagai Altenatif Bahan Desinfeksi
Authors: Ramadani Tarikh Azis , Kahardhini Marina Maharani , Dewi Tanti Utami
Published: December 2024

Pertumbuhan industri dan kebutuhan masyarakat akan memberikan dampak seperti munculnya patogen seperti bakteri Escherichia coli dalam air. Hal ini akan berkontribusi pada penurunan ketersediaan air bersih. Proses desinfeksi diterapkan untuk mengurangi dan membatasi jumlah bakteri Escherichia coli di dalam air. Cuka kayu yang mengandung fenol merupakan salah satu bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai disinfektan. Penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan cuka kayu dalam proses desinfeksi. Proses desinfeksi dievaluasi berdasarkan variasi konsentrasi cuka kayu dan waktu kontak selama proses desinfeksi terhadap analisis jumlah bakteri (MPN) dan analisis residu fenol. Cuka kayu dari limbah serbuk gergaji telah memenuhi kualitas dari segi parameter pH, warna dan transparansi yang mengacu pada The Japan Pyroligneous Liquor Association. Cuka kayu memiliki kandungan fenol sebesar 1.022,456 ppm. Peningkatan konsentrasi fenol dapat meningkatkan daya hambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli hingga 99,816% sedangkan peningkatan waktu kontak memberikan hasil yang fluktuatif. Proses desinfeksi menggunakan cuka kayu menghasilkan konsentrasi Escherichia coli dan fenol yang berada di atas regulasi jika dibandingkan dengan gas klorin.
PEMBUATAN CAIRAN PEMBERSIH LANTAI DARI LIMBAH MINYAK JELANTAH
Authors: Siswadi Emailda Candra Dewi
Published: December 2024

Minyak jelantah merupakan minyak yang telah digunakan lebih dari dua atau tiga kali penggorengan. Minyak jelantah mengandung senyawa-senyawa yang bersifat karsinogenik, yang terbentuk selama proses penggorengan. Oleh karena itu, pemakaian minyak jelantah yang berkelanjutan dapat merusak kesehatan manusia. Untuk itu perlu penanganan yang tepat agar limbah minyak jelantah ini dapat bermanfaat dan tidak menimbulkan kerugian baik dari segi kesehatan manusia maupun lingkungan. Cairan pembersih lantai merupakan bahan yang dimanfaatkan dalam rumah tangga, sebagai cairan untuk membersihkan kotoran pada lantai. Pembersih lantai juga mengandung agen antimikroba yang dapat membunuh kuman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan limbah minyak jelantah untuk dijadikan cairan pembersih lantai sebagai bentuk penanggulangan dan penanganan yang tepat guna terhadap limbah minyak jelantah. Kata kunci: minyak jelantah, cairan pembersih lantai
Pembuatan Edible Film dari Pati Eceng Gondok dan Kitosan Jamur Tiram (Pleuorotus Ostreatus)
Authors: Wulandari Retno , Kahar Abdul , Heryadi Eko , Huda Hairul , Prihatiningtyas Indah , Danijubal Muhammad Vikar , Sinaga Jovita , Stevani Joyce
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan edible film berbasis pati eceng gondok dan kitosan yang diekstrak dari jamur tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) dengan fokus pada karakterisasi sifat fisikokimia film yang dihasilkan. Kitosan diekstrak dari jamur tiram melalui proses deproteinasi, ekstraksi, dan pemutihan, kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektroskopi FTIR. Hasil analisis FTIR menunjukkan keberadaan gugus fungsi karakteristik kitosan pada pita serapan 3400-3200 cm⁻¹ (-OH dan -NH₂) dan 2920-2870 cm⁻¹ (C-H), mengkonfirmasi keberhasilan ekstraksi. Edible film dibuat dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi gliserol (1%, 2%, dan 3%) sebagai plasticizer. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan ketebalan film berkisar 0,15-0,19 mm, dengan peningkatan ketebalan seiring pertambahan konsentrasi gliserol. Kadar air film meningkat dari 9,0% pada konsentrasi gliserol 1% menjadi 24,0% pada konsentrasi 3%, sementara ketahanan air menurun dari 70% menjadi 58%. Formulasi optimal diperoleh pada konsentrasi gliserol 2% dengan karakteristik ketebalan 0,16 mm, kadar air 12%, dan ketahanan air 69%, memenuhi standar industri untuk aplikasi kemasan makanan. Penelitian ini mendemonstrasikan potensi pemanfaatan pati eceng gondok dan kitosan jamur tiram dalam pengembangan material kemasan biodegradable, memberikan alternatif berkelanjutan untuk kemasan konvensional sekaligus memanfaatkan sumber daya lokal yang melimpah.

Kata kunci: edible film, pati eceng gondok, kitosan jamur tiram, gliserol, kemasan biodegradable
Bow-tie printed dipole phased array element for 5G mm-wave communication systems
Authors:   Southern federal university 347922, Russia, Taganrog, Nekrasov line, 44, Gevorkyan A.V.
Published: December 2024

In this paper present the design of the bow-tie printed dipole array element. It was necessary to investigate the behavior of its frequency characteristics for scanning and evaluate the prospects of using for the 5G mm-wave communication systems. It is made on a dielectric substrate (ε=3) with a 1.0 mm thickness with one-sided metallization and has an air layer between the substrate and reflector. Overall dimensions of the element are 5.5 mm × 5.5 mm × 1.5 mm. In the broadside, the values of the VSWR ≤ 1.33 in the operating frequency range from 24.25 to 27.50 GHz. For scanning in the E- and H-planes in the ±45° angle sector, it increases to 2.80 and 1.77, respectively. The replacement of the air layer on a substrate with a relative permittivity of ε = 1.6 led to the following. In the broadside, the maximum value of the VSWR decreased from 1.33 to 1.31. For scanning in the E-plane in the ±45° angle sector, it increased from 2.80 to 2.32. For scanning in the H-plane, it increased from 1.77 to 1.87. I.e., in the operating frequency range, the values of the VSWR ≤ 2.32. The values of the realized gain are in the range from 3.92 to 5.09 dB (efficiency is more than 97%) in the broadside, and for scanning in the E- and H-planes, respectively, from 1.70 to 3.37 dB (efficiency is more than 82%) and from 2.04 to 3.20 dB (efficiency is more than 89%).
Model of spatial distribution of the signal/interference ratio in a network of Ultra-Wideband transceivers
Authors:   Kotelnikov IRE RAS 125009, Russia, Moscow, Mokhovaya str., 11, b.7, Kuzmin L.V. , Zubkov A.S. ,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS 125009, Russia, Moscow, Mokhovaya str., 11, b.7,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University) 141701, Russia, Moscow Region, Dolgoprudny, Institutskiy per., 9, Efremova E.V. ,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS 125009, Russia, Moscow, Mokhovaya str., 11, b.7
Published: December 2024

А model of the spatial distribution of the useful signal/interference ratio in a network of cooperatively interacting ultra-wideband transceivers located in a common radio visibility region is proposed. The model includes one group of devices exchanging a useful signal, and two groups of devices that are a source of signals playing a role of interference in relation to the first. The ratio of the power of the useful signal of the first group to the total power of the interference signals emitted by devices of the other two groups is estimated. Spatial boundaries are established within which the useful/interfering signal ratio is not less than a specified value.
Генотипирование цитохромов CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP1A2 и p-гликопротеина MDR1 (C3435T) у пациентов с резистентностью к антипсихотическим средствам и антидепрессантам — шаг к внедрению персонифицированного подхода в клинической практике
Authors: Жиганова Т. А. , Шкадова С. С. , Сергеева Т. А. , Радькова Е. А. , Петрова Е. В.
Published: December 2024

Целью исследования явилось изучение частоты полиморфизмов генов, участвующих в метаболизме и элиминации антипсихотических средств (АПС) и антидепрессантов (АД), в популяции пациентов с резистентностью к АПС/АД. Проанализированы данные фармакогенетического исследования цитохромов CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP1A2 и p-гликопротеина MDR (C3435T) у 133 пациентов с резистентностью к АПС/АД в возрасте от 18 до 70 лет, по сравнению со здоровой популяцией. У пациентов с резистентностью к АПС/АД выявлено повышение частоты встречаемости генотипа 1A/1А CYP1A2 (нормального метаболизма), по сравнению со контрольной группой (42,3 и 17,1 % соответственно, ОШ 3,6, p < 0,0001) и снижение частоты генотипа медленного метаболизма 1F/1F (5,4 и 34,2 % в контрольной группе, ОШ 9,1, p < 0,0001), снижение частоты генотипов нормального метаболизма цитохрома CYP2D6 (57,9 и 68,8 % в контрольной группе, ОШ 0,6, p = 0,03) и CYP2С19 (31,6 и 78,6 % в контрольной группе, ОШ 0,13, p < 0,0001). Выявлено повышение частоты встречаемости промежуточного метаболизма (*1/*3) CYP2D6 (6,8 и 1,4 % в контрольной группе, ОШ 5,0, p = 0,004) и сверхбыстрого метаболизма (*17/*17) CYP2С19 (8,3 и 1,2 % в контрольной группе, ОШ 7,2, p = 0,03). Частота генотипа T/T гена MDR1 (C3435T) была выше у мужчин, по сравнению с женщинами (45,7 и 24,6 %, ОШ 2,6, p = 0,02), а частота нормального генотипа С/С у пациентов старше 30 лет была выше, чем у пациентов 18 – 30 лет (26,2 и 10,2 %, ОШ 3,1, p = 0,03). Обнаруженные различия в частоте встречаемости генотипов цитохромов CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP1A2 и P-гликопротеина MDR1 у пациентов с резистентностью к АПС/АД, включая половые и возрастные отличия, позволяют оптимизировать выбор лекарственного средства.
Влияние мелатонина на содержание бокаловидных клеток и муцинов в слизистой оболочке толстого кишечника при экспериментальном язвенном колите мышей
Authors: Ляшев Андрей Юрьевич , Маль Галина Сергеевна , Солин Алексей Владимирович , Сериков Вадим Сергеевич , Ляшев Юрий Дмитриевич
Published: December 2024

Известно, что развитие язвенного колита связано c нарушением барьерной функции слизистой толстого кишечника, пенетрацией микрофлоры в стенку кишечника, активацией нейтрофилов, макрофагов, лимфоцитов и развитием иммунного воспаления. Развитие экспериментального язвенного колита сопровождается уменьшением содержания бокаловидных клеток, нейтральных и высокосульфатированных кислых муцинов, которые выполняют защитную функцию в толстом кишечнике. Учитывая многообразие патогенетических механизмов язвенного колита, применение лекарственных средств, обладающих широким спектром фармакологических эффектов, включающих иммуномодулирующий, антиоксидантный, представляет несомненный интерес. Одним из таких препаратов является мелаксен, который применяли внутрижелудочно в дозе 0,5 мг/кг в течение 7 дней. Мелаксен оказывал корригирующее влияние на развитие экспериментального язвенного колита у мышей, вызванного 5-дневным применением 5 % раствора декстрана сульфата натрия вместо питьевой воды. Указанное действие мелаксена оказалось более значительным, чем у препарата сравнения сульфасалазина, и проявлялось увеличением количества бокаловидных клеток на 19,1 %, кислых (на 40,0 и 42,4 %) и нейтральных (на 7,7 и 6,3 %) муцинов на 5 и 7 сутки соответственно (p < 0,05). Механизм действия мелаксена при язвенном колите связан, по-видимому, с подавлением продукции провоспалительных цитокинов, снижением активности миелопероксидазы, а также с антиоксидантным эффектом. Полученные результаты открывают перспективы применения мелаксена в комбинированной терапии язвенного колита.
Consumo de edulcorantes no calóricos: ¿solución o problema?
Authors: Sánchez Briones Melissa , Chedraui Peter
Published: December 2024

Los edulcorantes, utilizados como sustitutos del azúcar, son evaluados por organismos como el Comité Mixto FAO/OMS de Expertos en Aditivos Alimentarios para determinar niveles seguros. Aunque algunos estudios sugieren que los edulcorantes tienen poco impacto en el metabolismo de la glucosa, su eficacia a largo plazo para la pérdida de peso es debatida. La OMS desaconseja su consumo para controlar el peso, excepto para personas con diabetes. A pesar de que el reemplazo de azúcares por edulcorantes puede reducir el peso a corto plazo, no es sostenible a largo plazo. Se destaca la importancia de mantener un equilibrio alimenticio y fomentar el consumo de alimentos sin azúcar añadida, como frutas. El consumo de edulcorantes debe ajustarse a recomendaciones globales, considerando contextos locales. Algunas evidencias sugieren posibles efectos negativos de los edulcorantes en la salud cardiometabólica y la composición corporal, aunque existen inconsistencias en la literatura. Expertos señalan que no se puede afirmar que los edulcorantes no calóricos sean carcinogénicos, pero algunos pueden tener efectos adversos como proinflamatorios y alterar la microbiota intestinal. Se enfatiza la necesidad de concientizar sobre el consumo moderado de edulcorantes y promover hábitos alimenticios saludables, destacando la importancia de estudios adicionales sobre sus posibles perjuicios para la salud humana.
Intestinal Dysbiosis and its Relationship with Autistic Spectrum Disorder in Kids
Authors: Bejarano Loor Laura , Castro Ampuero Rafaela , Pazos Altamirano Andres , Valdés Rodríguez Yolanda
Published: December 2024

This systematic review analyses the possible association between the intestinal microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It delves into the involvement of the gut-brain-microbiota axis and other factors implicated in maintaining a healthy microbiota. The brain and the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) exchange information with a bidirectional pathway. Multiple neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's are linked to dysbiosis, an alteration in the gut microbiota. However, there is evidence supporting the association between dysbiosis and the neurodevelopment of ASD.  Therefore, current treatment options focus on patient nutrition and diet. In this review, the best evidence regarding the effect of nutrition on children with ASD.
The truth about thriving gig workers: Why job demands and coping mechanisms are not enough?
Authors: Wendra Wendra , Siregar Diyah Dumasari , Abd Samad Khairunnisa
Published: December 2024

Gig workers often face challenging work environments characterized by uncertain and unpredictable incomes, limited project opportunities, and unclear career paths. Despite these challenges, some gig workers succeed in moving from merely surviving to thriving in their work. While existing studies explore their struggles and resilience, the process that enables this transformation still needs to be explored, particularly in the context of Indonesia’s rapidly growing digital creative industry. Addressing this gap, this study aims to develop a model for thriving at work among gig workers in Indonesia’s digital creative industry. Using a quantitative approach, questionnaires were purposively distributed to 333 gig workers. Data analysis using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) revealed several key findings. Job demands directly influenced coping strategies, and psychological capital directly impacted goal setting. Both psychological capital and goal setting significantly influenced thriving at work, with goal setting mediating the relationship between psychological capital and thriving. However, job demands and coping strategies had no significant impact on thriving at work, nor did coping strategies mediate the relationship between job demands and thriving. These findings highlight that thriving in the gig economy relies more on internal resources like psychological capital and goal-setting skills, rather than external pressures such as job demands or coping mechanisms, emphasizing the need for personal development.
Seismic Data Interpretation of the Rashidpur Anticline: Implications for Structural Analysis and Trapping Mechanisms
Authors: Farzana Fatimatuzz , Abdullah Rashed
Published: December 2024

The Rashidpur anticline, trending N-S, is a surface anticline with reverse faulting located in an area characterised by low hillocks. It is part of the youngest structural province along the western flank of the Indo-Burman Ranges, formed by the oblique subduction of the Indian plate beneath the Burmese plate. Many folds in the area are influenced by faults along their axes. Seismic transect analysis and wireline log data reveal four main reflecting horizons: Lower Gas Sand, Top Bhuban, and Upper Marine Shale. Time contour maps for these horizons show that the Rashidpur structure is an N-S trending asymmetrical anticline with a steep eastern flank. The eastern flank is thrusted and associated with west-dipping faults, though some structures exhibit pop-up features. Well log interpretation identifies gasbearing sands within the Dupitila to Bhuban Formations. The onlapping geometry and thinning of reflectors toward the anticline crest correspond to the Pliocene Tipam and Pleistocene Dupitila Groups, while the base corresponds to the Surma Groups. This structure is interpreted as a syn-kinematic package, indicating that the structural development began in the Miocene. Seismic data interpretation and well information suggest that Rashidpur is a fault propagation fold. Both 2D seismic sections and time contour maps indicate fault-bounded closures to the east, previously unreported. These prospects should be further investigated using 3D data and fault seal analysis to assess the sealing ability of the fault and the potential of fault-bounded trapping mechanisms in the Rashidpur anticline.
Tracking Drought Impacts from Texts: Towards AI-Assisted Drought Impact Detection
Authors: Zhang Beichen , Smith Kelly , Schilder Frank , Abu Salem Fatima , Samal Ashok , Tadesse Tsegaye , Hayes Michael
Published: December 2024

Drought is recognized for its extensive and varied impacts. Based on the drought-related textual datasets from the National Drought Mitigation Center, our research applies advanced artificial intelligence techniques, including deep learning and natural language processing, to enhance the monitoring of multifaceted drought impacts in the United States. This study also delves into predicting drought-related impact labels from informal social media texts through transfer learning from the textual databases. Our findings reveal that deep learning models based on Transformers significantly outperform the baseline model based on the word frequency in labeling various drought impacts from media-sourced data and a collected tweet dataset spanning 2020 to 2022. Comparative analyses of predicted labels of drought-related tweets underscore the added value of social media data, which offers distinct insights into drought impacts beyond what is captured in news media or citizen science contributions. Case studies in California and Nebraska illustrate dynamic characteristics of drought impacts from the predicted labels of the tweet dataset at spatial and temporal scales. The analyses indicate that the monthly quantity of drought-related information in California is linked to drought severity, urban areas, and water supply and quality. In contrast, it is associated with the growing season, irrigated cropland, and agriculture in Nebraska. Consequently, this study suggests applying social media as a valuable supplementary data source, boosted by cutting-edge deep learning models, for monitoring drought impacts with the potential for quantitatively defining socioeconomic droughts from societal and public perspectives.
Tones, Dots and Attentional Biases: An autobiographical account of the development, first implementation, and reception of my attentional-probe paradigm (aka dot-probe paradigm)
Authors: Halkiopoulos Christos
Published: December 2024

The attentional probe paradigm involves presenting participants with different messages simultaneously through two distinct information channels within the same modality. By measuring reaction times to modality-specific probes that can appear in either channel, this paradigm enables the assessment of attention allocation between these channels. Since the 1980s this paradigm has become prominent for investigating attentional biases in the processing of emotional information. The best-known version of it, the dot-probe technique introduced by MacLeod, Mathews, and Tata (1986), uses the visual modality. What is less well-known is that I had previously introduced the attentional probe paradigm in 1981 in the auditory modality in a modified dichotic listening experiment with pure tones as auditory probes. Using this tone-probe technique this study investigated the contrasting ways in which repressors and sensitisers (Byrne,1961) handle threatening information. Criticisms from a contemporary perspective notwithstanding of the rather limited initial study, it was concluded that sensitisers displayed an attentional bias favouring the processing of threatening stimuli, whereas repressors appeared to avoid the optimal processing of such stimuli. This paper presents a historical reconstruction of how I developed the attentional probe paradigm, how I first applied it in the auditory modality, and how it was subsequently used in the visual modality. It also introduces a multimodal version to be used in further research and offers a critique of extant research relying exclusively on decontextualized stimuli.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Loneliness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Curtis Aisling , Luchetti Martina , Prendergast Cian , Ahern Elayne , Creaven Ann-Marie , Kirwan Emma , Graham Eileen Kranz , O'Súilleabháin Páraic S
Published: December 2024

Adverse childhood experiences are considered a powerful determinant of emotional health. One indicator of emotional health is loneliness, which refers to a distressing experience that one’s social relationships are less in quality and quantity than those desired. This preregistered review aimed to examine the association between adverse childhood experiences (e.g., physical abuse/neglect, emotional abuse/neglect, sexual abuse, parental separation/divorce, family conflict, domestic violence) and loneliness in adulthood. A database search (Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, APA PsychINFO, Medline, Pubmed, Scopus) was conducted. After removal of duplicates, 3,689 papers were reviewed and 20 met inclusion criteria. When feasible, results were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis and inverse variance modelling and reported narratively. Meta-analyses revealed a statistically significant association between cumulative adverse childhood experiences and loneliness (r = 0.30, 95% CI [0.22-0.37]; prediction interval = 0.04-0.52) and between specific adversity types and loneliness, namely sexual abuse, physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional abuse, and emotional neglect. Some heterogeneity was observed across studies. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses revealed no differences in age, gender, age group, continent, or measures of adversity/loneliness. This research indicates that adversities in childhood may have some long-term influences on loneliness, both cumulatively and within adversity subtypes.
Characterizing Emotion Dynamics in Remitted Depression: A Network Approach Using Ecological Momentary Assessment
Authors: Palermo Emma , Fisher Hadar , Blank Jacob , Anderson Claire , Bogdanov Mario , Steinberger David , Long Yinru , Nowicki Genevieve , Smith Grace , Webb Christian A. , Kuhn Manuel , Pizzagalli Diego A.
Published: December 2024

Background: Abnormalities in emotion dynamics and processes, such as emotional inflexibility and dominance of negative emotions, are characteristic of depression. The extent to which these abnormalities persist following depressive episodes, and represent a vulnerability factor for recurrent depressive episodes, remains unknown. The current study investigated emotion dynamics and their predictive validity in a sample of individuals with remitted depression (rMDD) and healthy controls (HC). Methods: Adults (HC: n=50; rMDD: n=48) completed a three-week ecological momentary assessment protocol, in which they responded to two items probing positive emotions and three items probing negative emotions six times daily. Contemporaneous and temporal networks were constructed using multilevel vector autoregressive models. Density was calculated as a measure of emotional inflexibility and In- and Out-Expected Influence were calculated as measures of centrality. Linear regression models were used to examine if density predicted clinical outcomes at the 6-month follow-up assessment. Results: Individuals with rMDD had significantly denser temporal emotional networks than HC participants. Groups also showed differential patterns of the most influential nodes in temporal and contemporaneous networks. Greater temporal density and contemporaneous density was significantly associated with increased depressive symptoms at the 6-month follow-up, assessed through both clinician-rated and self-report measures. Conclusions: Abnormalities in emotion dynamics persist following remission from depression and can be used to predict future depressive symptoms, suggesting these may represent a vulnerability factor for depression. Future research should study if interventions based on emotion networks targeting maladaptive emotional processes are able to prevent future depression.
Influence of vitamin D supplementation on mental health in collegiate footballers
Authors:   Faculty of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India, Saju Ansa , Roy Jolly ,   Faculty of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India, Kantipudi Suvarna Jyothi ,   Department of Psychiatry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India, Alwar Thiagarajan ,   Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India, Sivaraman Arumugam ,   Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Mental health in athletes has been gaining more attention in
recent years. A strong association has been noted between vitamin D and
psychiatric outcomes. This study examined the effects of six weeks of vitamin D
supplementation on mental health among collegiate footballers. Methods: Thirtyone footballers (N=31; 18 males and 13 females) were recruited for the study.
Serum 25(OH)D was measured to assess vitamin D and mental health was
assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9) and Generalised
Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Based on serum 25(OH)D levels, footballers were
further categorised as (a) ‘deficient’ (<20.0 ng/mL), (b) ‘insufficient’ (21.0-29.9 ng/
mL), and (c) ‘sufficient’ (>30.0 ng/mL). The deficient and insufficient groups were
given 60,000 IU cholecalciferol supplementation per week for six weeks and postintervention assessments were conducted. Paired t-test was used to ascertain the
differences within groups. Results: Prevalences of vitamin D deficiency (48.0%),
insufficiency (52.0%), depressive symptoms (13.0%), and anxiety symptoms (26.0%)
were observed at baseline among footballers. Supplementation improved vitamin D
levels from 20.7±5.4 ng/mL to 38.1±11.4 ng/mL (p<0.001). The rate of footballers
with higher than cut-off scores for PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores increased (32.3% and
29.0%, respectively) from baseline to post-intervention. Conclusion: Vitamin D
supplementation enhanced serum 25(OH)D levels. However, no positive effects were
noted regarding mental health symptoms. Additionally, changes in vitamin D levels
might require more time to manifest observable effects on mental health.
Examining the Impact of Merger and Acquisition Perception on Customer Loyalty in the Banking Sector: Evidence from Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Tuladhar Anika , Devkota Niranjan , Danuwar Ranjana Kumari , Kayestha Mijala , Dangol Anuj Singh , Dhakal Ajaya , Tiwari Devi Raman , Timalsina Dhurba Prasad , Koirala Amita
Published: December 2024

Background: A considerable number of studies in the Nepalese context have revealed that Nepal’s tourism sector has been adversely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic; however, none of these studies have quantified these consequences in monetary terms. This assessment is expected to offer valuable insight for enhancing the resilience of tourism sector to future global disruptions and developing tailored policies to bolster the Nepalese tourism sector against external shocks.
Objectives: This study addresses a critical gap in understanding the full economic ramifications of the Covid-19 pandemic in the  Nepalese tourism sector by quantifying the primary, secondary and tertiary revenue losses. By providing a comprehensive  assessment of the pandemic’s impact, this study aims to inform policymakers and industry stakeholders in developing tailored strategies for recovery and resilience.
Methods: Secondary data are used in this study. It employs Stynes et al.’s (2000) revised money generation framework and the Keynesian macroeconomic multiplier approach to assess the actual and expected economic impacts of tourism activities in Nepal during the pandemic periods of 2020 and 2021. The actual value is determined using the actual tourism statistics, while the expected value is based on the targeted tourism statistics reported by the Ministry of Culture, Tourism, and Civil Aviation, Nepal. The difference between the two estimates is attributed to the economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in those years.
Results: This study reveals an expected revenue decrease of 1.038 billion US dollars in 2020 and 1.309 billion US dollars in 2021. In addition, the tourism multiplier values are declining in Nepal over the observed years.
Conclusion: This study provides two key conclusions. First, the Nepalese tourism sector is susceptible to travel restrictions. Second, tourism revenue is being drained from the local economy due to the increasing importation of merchandise and services to satisfy the Nepalese tourism sector’s demand.
Business Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: An Examination of the Effects of Emotional Competence and Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy
Authors: Wagle Pragati , Adhikari Bibhav , Shah Nitesh Kumar
Published: December 2024

Background: In this business led world, entrepreneurship has become one of the critical pillars of the economy. Entrepreneurial intention among business students is influenced by various psychological factors. Understanding these relationships could help to know what drives future entrepreneurs and how to prepare and support them through education and training programs.
Objectives: This study aims to find out the effect of emotional competence on entrepreneurial intention and to find out the mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on emotional competence and entrepreneurial intention.
Methods: Using 174 valid responses from MBA students from Pokhara Valley, data was collected through non-probability convenience sampling. The research design is quantitative. Descriptive statistics (mean, median), multiple linear regression, correlation, frequency, percentages, Mann-Whitney U test, and histograms were used to analyze the data. Tables were used to interpret the results. However, the research is limited to the students of Pokhara, so it may not be able to represent all the students of Nepal.
Results: This study established that firstly, emotional competence positively affects entrepreneurial intention with a direct correlation of 0.391 and p-value of 0.001. Secondly, the indirect effect of emotional competence on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial self-efficacy was significant and positive. EI-ESE-EC had p-value=0.006 which is significant at 95% confidence level with a t-score of 2.5076. So, there is a mediating influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This research has only taken Emotional Competence and Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy variables to check its effect on Entrepreneurial Intention.
Conclusion: Emotional competence, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and family business exposure have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention whereas age only influences a person’s entrepreneurial intention