bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transparência da prestação de contas dos gastos públicos nos governos municipais: um estudo de caso no Estado de Goiás
Authors: Ferreira Celma Duque , Crispim da Silva Gilberto , Rosa Fabricia Silva da , Luiz Alberton
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Identificar os municípios goianos que cumprem os dispositivos legais da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal (LRF), quanto a transparência das prestações de contas da gestão pública no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2018.

Metodologia: Com características descritivas, o estudo realizou consultas em sites das prefeituras, Tribunais de Contas da União (TCU), Estados e Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional (STN). A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de check-list construído com base nos dispositivos legais atuais, e correios eletrônicos aos responsáveis pela publicidade de cada município quando não encontrado os dados. O instrumento de análise utilizado foi a estatística descritiva, coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e Spearman e Qui-Quadrado (associação de Pearson).

Resultados: Concluiu-se que não há uniformidade da informações entre os municípios, apesar de transcorrido dezoito anos de promulgação da LRF; os municípios goianos cumprem parcialmente as exigências legais; há municípios que não possuem  site próprio e não disponibilizam link de acesso ao portal da transparência em suas homepages; há municípios que não publicam os instrumentos de planejamento orçamentários (PPA, LDO e LOA), bem como a prestação de contas da realização da receita e execução das despesas orçamentárias. Em alguns casos, foi encontrado dificuldades na identificação do link no portal da transparência em suas homepages, e assim optou-se ao envio de e-mail aos responsáveis indagando sobre os resultados.

Contribuições: O estudo contribui para a gestão do governo do Estado de Goiás, motivo pelo qual financiou a pesquisa por meio da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás (FAPEG); para a literatura específica, porque apresenta estudo empírico sobre regulações com mais de dezoito anos de vigência e fomenta discussão para futuras pesquisas.
Estratégias para a economia de impostos: o Caso da Udi Bolos
Authors: Borges Sabrina Rafaela Pereira , Soares Larissa Ribeiro
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: O caso da Udi Bolos discute sobre o planejamento tributário e o melhor regime de tributação a ser adotado por uma empresa de pequeno porte.

Metodologia: Este caso utiliza conteúdos tributários e apresenta discussões sobre a evasão e elisão fiscal, evidenciando elementos de um dilema ético-contábil vivenciado por muitos negócios familiares.

Resultados: O empresário da Udi Bolo Sr. Marcelo em busca de diminuir os seus custos recebe duas opiniões divergentes de dois contadores: agir dentro da legalidade fiscal ou sonegar. Após uma análise cuidadosa, o proprietário percebeu que é possível com um bom planejamento tributário obter economias para o negócio dentro da legalidade.

Contribuições do Estudo: O presente caso estimula a reflexão crítica dos discentes sobre os regimes tributários com o intuito de reduzir a carga tributária paga por empresas, sendo útil para a aprendizagem de conceitos em disciplinas associadas à tributária e análise de custos. Além disso, são realizadas reflexões éticas sobre o papel do contador diante do fornecimento de informações e manipulação de dados econômico-financeiros.
Transparent public management under the law of fiscal responsibility: an analysis in the municipalities of the CRAJUBAR region in the period from 2012 to 2015
Authors: Antonio Rafael Valério de Oliveira  , Bruno Rodrigues Cabral  , Milton Jarbas Rodrigues Chagas
Published: July 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to verify on the websites of the municipalities of Crato, Juazeiro do Norte and Barbalha (CRAJUBAR), whether information about public management was in compliance with the Fiscal Responsibility Law, Supplementary Law 131/2009 and Decree No. 7185/2010.

Methodology: Descriptive study with qualitative approach. The municipalities of the CRAJUBAR Region, located in southern Ceará, were analyzed. The data used for the analysis of this survey refer to the period from 2012 to 2015 concerning the fiscal management transparency instruments of LRF (Fiscal Responsibility Law) No. 101/2000 as well as January 2017 concerning Supplementary Law 131/2009 and Decree No. 7.185/ 2010. Data was collected through the electronic portals of each city office. Excel 2013 spreadsheet was used as a support tool to analyze the collected data.

Results:  It was found that local managers of the surveyed municipalities do not fully comply with the publication in electronic media of the instruments relating to the fiscal management transparency, as regards the disclosure of detailed information in real time.

Contributions of the Study: The non-compliance with the analyzed legislation was found, entailing a verification of efficiency in the application of the legislation under analysis. Transparency disclosure is key in the management process. The study addresses the debate on public resource transparency in the Fiscal Responsibility Law and Supplementary Law 131/2009, in addition to presenting the discussion on resource management in municipalities in the State of Ceará.
Efficacy of Thiol Disulfide Homeostasis and Ischemia Modified Albumin Values in Estimating the Degree of Difficulty for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Akkurt Gökhan , Akkurt Burcu , Alptekın Emel , Birben Birkan , Keşkek Mehmet , Erel Özcan
Published: July 2020

Aim:

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of thiol disulfide homeostasis
and Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) values in predicting the technical difficulties that might be
encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 65 patients who underwent laparoscopic
cholecystectomy due to cholelithiasis at the General Surgery Clinic of Ankara Numune Training
and Research Hospital. All patients’ demographic data, previous history of cholecystitis, a history
of chronic illness, preoperative white blood count (WBC), liver function tests (AST, ALT),
amylase and lipase levels, intra-operative adhesion score, the ultrasonographic appearance of gall
bladder, duration of hospital stay, duration of operation, thiol disulfide and IMA values were
evaluated.

Results:

Native thiol and total thiol averages were higher in patients without a history of
cholecystitis, and on the other hand, disulfide, disulfide/native thiol rate, disulfide/total thiol rate,
native thiol/total thiol rate and IMA averages were higher in patients with a history of cholecystitis.
While there was a statistically significant negative correlation between native and total thiol values
and age, duration of surgery and duration of hospital stay; IMA, disulfide, disulfide/Total thiol,
Native/Total thiol and disulfide/Native thiol rates were higher in older patients with a longer
duration of surgery and hospital stay. In addition, preoperative IMA, disulfide, disulfide/Total
thiol, Native/Total thiol and disulfide/Native thiol were observed to increase as the degree of
intraoperative pericholecystic adhesion increased.

Conclusion:

We believe that the evaluation of thiol disulfide homeostasis and IMA parameters
prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be used as an effective method for predicting
intraoperative difficulties.
Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestation, Diagnosis, Pathological Findings, Treatment Options, Preventive Measures, and Risk Factors of COVID-19
Authors: Asif Mohammad , Patel Anshuman , Bin-Jumah May , Gilani Sadaf Jamal , Rahat Iqra , Taleuzzaman Mohamad , Gandhi Neha , Imam Syed Sarim , Kala Chandra
Published: July 2020

Background:

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The disease has
hit hard around the globe and is now a pandemic. As of April 01, 2020, a total of 875,560 cases have
been reported and the figures are increasing day by day. Currently, there is no treatment or vaccine
available for curing COVID-19 and pharmaceutical companies are racing toward the common goal of
achieving the cure.

Methods:

Scientific databases, including Science direct, Pub med, Elsevier, Scopus, and Nature, were
explored. Data has also been accessed from case reports, newspaper reports, internet data, World Health
Organisation (WHO) reports, and Centre of Disease Control (CDCs) reports. The US National Library
of Medicine, Clinicaltrials.gov, were accessed to get information about the ongoing clinical trials. The
literature survey started in the first week of February 2020 and was completed in the first week of April
2020. Additional literature survey was done in the second week of June 2020.

Results:

The epicentre of COVID-19 is Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Coronavirus belongs to
Order Nidovirale and is subdivided into four groups alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. Coronavirus 229E,
NL63, HKU1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV are known to infect humans. It is an enveloped, nonsegmented
positive-sense RNA virus of size 30-32 kb with several structural and accessory proteins.
The pathogenesis of COVID-19 involves attachment of Spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 to the angiotensin-
converting enzyme 2(ACE2) receptor present on the host cell membrane. Clinical manifestation
of COVID-19 include fever, cough, complicated dyspnoea, pneumonia, etc. Real-time -PCR is a sensitive
test for the detection of SARS-CoV. Remdesivir, Bevacizumab, Darunavir and cobicistat, lopinavirritonavir,
Oseltamavir, hydroxychloroquine, Sarilumab, mRNA -1273, Ad5-nCoV are some of the drugs
under the clinical phase of the trial. People with A-positive blood group, with comorbidities like diabetes,
hypertension, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, substance abuse disorders, immunocompromised
individuals, health care workers, and older adults are at high risk of getting infected with
SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusion:

This article gives insight into the occurrence of COVID-19, classification and structure of
SARS-CoV-2, pathogenesis, pathological findings, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, potential treatment
options and prevention, and people at risk of COVID-19.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI OPEN ENDED DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK DI KELAS V MI AL-KHOIRIYAH SAWANGAN
Authors: Ayu Ayu
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the application of open ended strategies can improve students' creative thinking abilities. The research method used in this study is the classroom action research (CAR) method using the Kurt Lewin model consisting of four components namely, planning, action, observation and reflection. The research subjects were 45 students of MI Al-Khoiriyah Sawangan class of students. Data collection techniques used were observation sheets, interviews and documentation. Data analysis was performed in a qualitative description. Based on the results of the first cycle study 63% of students stated to have the ability to think creatively, in the second cycle 88% of students have the ability to think creatively. This achievement shows that the use of open ended strategies can improve students' creative thinking skills in thematic learning.Keywords: Creative Thinking Ability, Open Ended, Thematic
Blockchain in Health Care: Hope or Hype? (Preprint)
Authors: El-Gazzar Rania , Stendal Karen
Published: July 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

There has been an increasing interest in blockchain technology from the health care sector in the last couple of years. The value proposition for using blockchain technology in the health care sector is to share sensitive patient data among health care entities securely and to empower patients. Blockchain technology allows patients to have an active role in developing and updating their own patient data. However, is blockchain technology really the silver bullet it seems to be? With this paper, we aim to understand the benefits and challenges of blockchain technology in the health care sector. We discuss innovation and security implications concerning blockchain technology in health care. Furthermore, we show that there is a need for more use cases to ensure the secure sharing of data within the health care sector. In our opinion, blockchain technology will not solve the issues encountered by the health care sector; in fact, it may raise more issues than it will solve.
COVID-19 and the “Film Your Hospital” Conspiracy Theory: Social Network Analysis of Twitter Data (Preprint)
Authors: Ahmed Wasim , López Seguí Francesc , Vidal-Alaball Josep , Katz Matthew S
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of conspiracy theories have emerged. A popular theory posits that the pandemic is a hoax and suggests that certain hospitals are “empty.” Research has shown that accepting conspiracy theories increases the likelihood that an individual may ignore government advice about social distancing and other public health interventions. Due to the possibility of a second wave and future pandemics, it is important to gain an understanding of the drivers of misinformation and strategies to mitigate it.

OBJECTIVE

This study set out to evaluate the #FilmYourHospital conspiracy theory on Twitter, attempting to understand the drivers behind it. More specifically, the objectives were to determine which online sources of information were used as evidence to support the theory, the ratio of automated to organic accounts in the network, and what lessons can be learned to mitigate the spread of such a conspiracy theory in the future.

METHODS

Twitter data related to the #FilmYourHospital hashtag were retrieved and analyzed using social network analysis across a 7-day period from April 13-20, 2020. The data set consisted of 22,785 tweets and 11,333 Twitter users. The Botometer tool was used to identify accounts with a higher probability of being bots.

RESULTS

The most important drivers of the conspiracy theory are ordinary citizens; one of the most influential accounts is a Brexit supporter. We found that YouTube was the information source most linked to by users. The most retweeted post belonged to a verified Twitter user, indicating that the user may have had more influence on the platform. There was a small number of automated accounts (bots) and deleted accounts within the network.

CONCLUSIONS

Hashtags using and sharing conspiracy theories can be targeted in an effort to delegitimize content containing misinformation. Social media organizations need to bolster their efforts to label or remove content that contains misinformation. Public health authorities could enlist the assistance of influencers in spreading antinarrative content.
Del design capitalism al capitalismo cognitivo: arte e industria, nuevos lazos, ¿nuevas tensiones?
Authors: Paláu Castaño Luis Alfonso
Published: July 2020

Yann Moulier Boutang

«El paradigma artístico (y académico) toma una importancia creciente en la producción de bienes, servicios y conocimientos. ¿Cuál es el origen de este fenómeno? ¿Se trata de una simple moda? ¿Se trata de un recurso al arte decorativo romántico, o bien, como en los bellos días del Segundo Imperio, de otro rostro de la industrialización, que conjugó (en reacción contra el decorado “antiguo”) funcionalidad, estética y gusto de un público que se captaba a sí mismo de acá en adelante como tal? ¿Se trata de una variedad de industrialización, la de un dominio de la cultura que había escapado hasta el presente de la mercantilización, gracias a las tecnologías de lo digital? ¿De una industrialización que dejaría intactos sus principales parámetros?»
Mirar en la contemplación de una provocación estética. A propósito de la obra de Tulio Restrepo
Authors: Cardona-Rodas Hilderman
Published: July 2020

«Tulio Restrepo ofrenda el espacio crítico de la violencia visual de los ídolos contemporáneos. En su obra, el espacio en blanco es la archihuella de una sospecha: aquello que vemos se hace materia cuando comprendemos que, al mirar una imagen hoy, se hace en términos de mercancía. Marca e inscritura conversan en la materialidad afectante de una topología analítica que muestra nuestro presente contradictorio. Sellos, mercancías, huellas, empaquetados o espacios en blancos muestran una memoria de la escritura de la diferencia (Derrida, 1971). Esa diferencia es el vínculo recíproco del acto performático de la lectura, pues la obra deviene lector cuando este encuentra el sentido de la trama imbricada en la imagen. Una crítica gramatológica gravita en la obra de Tulio Restrepo, pues la imagen es el dispositivo analítico para hacer de lo visible el espacio estético de la crítica.»
Teori Kebutuhan Maslow Sebagai Rasionalisasi Pencegahan Kasus Aborsi Di Indonesia
Authors: Wardhani Yurika Fauzia , Oktarina Oktarina
Published: July 2020

The high rate of abortion in Indonesia makes abortion “buah simalakama”. On the one hand, abortion for non-medical reasons is strictly forbidden, but on the other hand illegal abortion increases mortality due to lack of medical facilities and infrastructure because most illegal abortions are done in traditional ways. The World Health Organization (WHO) determines that abortion is a reproductive health problem that needs attention and is a cause of suffering for women throughout the world. This study will analyze Maslow’s Theory of Needs as a rationalization of the reasons for informants to have an abortion. The method used is case analysis based on Maslow’s Theory of Needs. The results showed that, of the 131 informants who had an abortion to meet their security needs (both literally, ﬁ nancially and otherwise) 48%, love / social needs were 37%, to meet physiological needs of 14.5%. Actions taken by informants for abortion were taking drugs 23%, drinking herbal medicine 9.2%, eating pineapple 3.8%, 2.3% vaginal medicine, 1.5% massage, 1.5% midwife consul, eating “tape” 0.76%, looking for health services 0.76%, while those who have not tried 21.4% and those who did not answer 35.9%. It was concluded that Maslow’s Needs Theory could be used to rationalize the reasons for informants having an abortion.

Abstrak

Tingginya angka aborsi di Indonesia menjadikan aborsi sebagai buah simalakama. Di satu sisi aborsi dengan alasan non medik dilarang keras, namun di sisi lain aborsi ilegal menjadi marak dan meningkatkan angka kematian. Kurangnya sarana dan prasarana medis menjadi penyebabnya karena sebagian besar aborsi ilegal dilakukan dengan cara tradisional. Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) menentukan bahwa aborsi termasuk dalam masalah kesehatan reproduksi yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian dan merupakan penyebab penderitaan wanita di seluruh dunia. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis Teori Kebutuhan Maslow sebagai rasionalisasi alasan informan untuk melakukan aborsi. Metode yang dilakukan adalah analisis kasus berdasar Teori Kebutuhan Maslow. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa, dari 131 informan melakukan aborsi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rasa aman (baik secara haraﬁ ah, ﬁ nancial, maupun lainnya) 48%, kebutuhan cinta/sosial 37%, untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ﬁ siologis 14,5%. Tindakan yang dilakukan informan untuk aborsi adalah dengan minum obat-obatan 23%, minum jamu 9,2%, makan nanas 3,8%, obat pervaginam 2,3%, pijat 1,5%, konsul bidan 1,5%, makan tape 0,76%, mencari pelayanan kesehatan 0,76%, sedangkan yang belum berupaya 21,4% dan yang tidak menjawab 35,9%. Disimpulkan bahwa Teori Kebutuhan Maslow dapat digunakan untuk merasionalisasi alasan informan melakukan aborsi.
Hubungan Antara Rasio Bidan Dengan Kinerja Program Kesehatan Ibu Dan Anak Di Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Ratna Dwi , Laksono Agung Dwi
Published: July 2020

The focus of Maternal and Child Health (MCH) performance review was based on the input ratio of midwives important for evaluation. This study was to identify the relationship between the ratio of midwives and the coverage of MCH program. The analysis involved Midwives per 100,000 population ratios as independent variables, and 5 dependent variables, namely ﬁ rst visit (K1), fourth visit (K4), neonates visit (KN), puerperal visit (KF) and childbirth assisted by health workers. The analysis was by scatter plot diagrams. The ratio of midwives to standards was dominantlytohe West of Indonesia. Variability in the ratio of midwives between 41.53 to 225.90 midwives per 100,000 population. Jakarta, West Java, and NTB that have K1 coverage above 100%. However, the midwife ratio was below the standard. Jakarta and Jambi have K4 coverage above 100%. KN coverage above 100% was reached by Jakarta, West Java, Jambi, and Bali. Kaltara and Jakarta had KF coverage above 100%. None of province, except Jakarta, had childbirth coverage by health workers above 100%. Even though the ratio of midwives was still below the standard, some provinces were able to show better performance of MCH programs than those that met the ratio. It was necessary to expand benchmarking in provinces with good MCH program performance, though the ratio of midwives was below the standard.

Abstrak

Fokus kajian kinerja Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) berdasarkan input rasio bidan penting untuk evaluasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menjawab hubungan rasio bidan dengan cakupan program KIA. Analisis melibatkan rasio bidan per 100 ribu penduduk sebagai variabel independent, dan 5 variabel dependen, yaitu kunjungan 1 (K1), kunjungan 4 (K4), kunjungan neonatus (KN), kunjungan nifas (KF) dan persalinan yang ditolong tenaga kesehatan. Analisis hubungan dilakukan melalui diagram scatter plot. Rasio bidan sesuai standar cenderung ada di wilayah Barat. Variabilitas rasio bidan antara 41,53 sampai 225,90 bidan per 100.000 penduduk. Provinsi DKI Jakarta, Jabar, dan NTB yang memiliki cakupan K1 di atas 100%, meski rasio bidan di bawah standar. DKI Jakarta dan Jambi memiliki cakupan K4 di atas 100%. Cakupan KN di atas 100% dicapai oleh DKI Jakarta, Jabar, Jambi dan Bali. Kaltara dan DKI Jakarta memiliki cakupan KF di atas 100%. Tidak ada satu pun provinsi, kecuali DKI Jakarta, yang memiliki cakupan persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan di atas 100%. Meski memiliki rasio bidan yang masih di bawah standar, beberapa provinsi mampu menunjukkan kinerja program KIA yang lebih baik dibanding yang sudah memenuhi rasio. Perlu lebih lanjut dengan melakukan benchmark pada provinsi yang memiliki kinerja program KIA baik, meski dengan rasio bidan di bawah standar.
The effect of human capital on organizational performance: The case of sustainability issues in an e-commerce firm
Authors: Balian Patrick , Farah Assaad , Braendle Udo
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to discuss how developing human capital can have a direct positive effect on operational performance. The case study method is used to address the sustainability issues a Lebanon-based retail e-commerce company is facing. We utilize the socio-economic qualimetrics methodology to discuss the corporate change from within the enterprise at all levels and with the contribution of all the participants in the firm. The focus of the case study is on qualitative, quantitative, and financial aspects through competitiveness enhancement and operational effectiveness metrics. The findings of this intervention research contribute to the literature insofar as enhancing the social capital of a retail e-commerce organization positively impacts its performance.
ECONOMIC AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURE IN POLAND COMPARED TO OTHER EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES
Authors: Wysokiński Marcin , Golonko Magdalena , Trębska Paulina , Gromada Arkadiusz , Jun Jiang Qi
Published: July 2020

Modern agriculture is dependent on external energy sources. Non-renewable energy sources play a dominant role, which contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and, as a consequence, to environmental degradation. Therefore, it becomes obvious to strive to improve energy efficiency and change the structure of its sources. One of the main research goals was to determine the economic and energy efficiency of agriculture in EU countries and assess its energy consumption by analysing energy consumption per employee or 1 ha of utilized agricultural area. The work analyses changes in energy consumption in agriculture of the European Union and its members. Eurostat data was used for the analysis.
Association of the 1q25 diabetes-specific coronary heart disease locus with alterations of the γ-glutamyl cycle and increased methylglyoxal levels in endothelial cells
Authors: Admin Ada , Pipino Caterina , Shah Hetal , Prudente Sabrina , Pietro Natalia Di , Zeng Lixia , Park Kyoungmin , Trischitta Vincenzo , Pennathur Subramanian , Pandolfi Assunta , Doria Alessandro
Published: July 2020

A chromosome 1q25 variant
(rs10911021) has been associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) in type 2
diabetes (T2D). In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), the risk
allele ‘C’ is associated with lower expression of the adjacent gene GLUL encoding glutamine synthase,
converting glutamic acid to glutamine. To further investigate the mechanisms
through which this locus affects CHD risk, we measured 35 intracellular
metabolites involved in glutamic acid metabolism and g-glutamyl cycle in 62 HUVEC strains carrying different
rs10911021 genotypes. Eight metabolites
were positively associated with the
risk allele (17%-58% increase/allele copy, p=0.046-0.002), including five g-glutamyl amino acids, b-citryl-glutamate, N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate, and ophthalmate - a marker of g-glutamyl cycle malfunction. Consistent with these
findings, the risk allele was also associated with decreased
glutathione/glutamate ratio (-9%, p=0.012), decreased S-lactoylglutathione
(-41%, p=0.019), and reduced
detoxification of the atherogenic compound methylglyoxal (+54%, p=0.008). GLUL down-regulation by shRNA caused a
40% increase in methylglyoxal level, which was completely prevented by
glutamine supplementation. In summary, we have identified intracellular
metabolic traits associated with the 1q25 risk allele in HUVECs, including
impairments of the g-glutamyl
cycle and methylglyoxal
detoxification. Glutamine
supplementation abolishes the latter abnormality, suggesting that such
treatment may prevent CHD in 1q25 risk allele carriers.
THE USE OF INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AS THE FIRST LANGUAGE BY CHILDREN OF THE BALINESE FAMILY (SENTENCE ANALYSIS IN TERMS OF CONTENTS AND STRUCTURE)
Authors: Liniati Ni Wayan , Rasna I Wayan , Sudiana I Nyoman
Published: July 2020

This research aimed to describe (1) the use of Indonesian language as the first language in terms of sentence based on the content and structure of children in the Balinese ethnic families and (2) the constraints faced by the Balinese ethnic families in Banjar Bernasi in using the Indonesian language as the first language of their children. The subject of this research was the Balinese family in Banjar Bernasi who used the Indonesian language as the first language of their children. The object of this research was the use of Indonesian language as the first language of children in the Balinese family ethnic in Banjar Bernasi and the constraints faced by the family in Banjar Bernasi in using the Indonesian language as the first language of their children. The data collection methods used were observation method, interview, and recording. There were several steps in analyzing the data, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that (1) the use of Indonesian language as the first language of children in the Balinese ethnic families in Banjar Bernasi in terms of sentence based on the content and structure could be declared that children on the primary school were able to use the sentence well. (2) There was no constraint felt by parents in teaching the Indonesian language to their children. That was because the children had already been using the Indonesian language as a mother language start from the baby. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that children were able to use the Indonesian language well in terms of sentences based on the content and structure. Therefore, it is suggested to parents to always teach their children to speak well so that children are able to communicate by using the Indonesian language effectively.
ANALYSIS OF CHARACTER EDUCATIONAL VALUES IN FOLKLORE AND THE RELEVANCE IN THE FORMATION OF STUDENT’S CHARACTER IN VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Agustina I Wayan , Sutama I Made , Rasna I Wayan
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to (1) describe the values of character education contained in the folklore that used as subject material in Ganesha Vocational High School and (2) the relevance of the values of character education in the folklore in the development of student character. The design of this research is descriptive-qualitative. The subjects of this study are 10 folklores used in Ganesha Vocational High School and teachers of Indonesian subjects in Ganesha Vocational High School. The object of this study is the values of character education contained in the folklore and its relevance to the formation of student characters. Data collection methods used are documentation and interview method. Data analysis is done descriptively-qualitative. At the data reduction stage, identification stage is performed, data matching the problem is observed and classified and at the conclusion draw stage. The results showed that from ten folklore stories analyzed there are values of character education as follows; (1) religious (faith, piety, and thanksgiving); (2) responsibility; (3) social concern (public interest, helpers, willing to sacrifice, cooperation, sharing, and loving); (4) honest; (5) curiosity; (6) the spirit of nationality; (7) love the homeland; (8) independent; (9) discipline; (10); love peace; (11) hard work; (12) creative; (13) friendly / communicative; (14) tolerance; (15) appreciate achievement; (16) care about the environment; (17) like to read; (18) democratic. The results of interviews with teachers of Indonesian subjects in Ganesha Vocational High School, folklore contain the values of advice that can be used as teaching materials, so it has relevance for the development of student character. The conclusion of this study shows the value of characters contained in the story of the people of the Indonesian archipelago is very relevant to be a mirror in everyday life.
PENERAPAN STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION DALAM KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS DRAMA
Authors: Simatupang Linsa , Syahfitri Dian
Published: July 2020

His study was conducted to find out whether the Student Team Achievement Division model had a significant influence on the ability to write drama text of students in eighth grade Medan Agung Budi Middle School. The design of this study was carried out by classroom action research. The research subjects were 32 students. Instruments in collecting data are interviews, observation, tests, and documentation. The data collected was analyzed by qualitative descriptive analysis. The procedure of this study uses a class action research design, namely the stages of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The results of this study indicate that students' ability to write drama texts has increased. After the implementation of two cycles, the first cycle is 56.25% and in the second cycle, 78.12%.
The Effect Of Puppets as Teaching Media on the Speaking Competency
Authors: Wedana I Made Lanang , Suarnajaya Wayan , Adnyani Luh Diah Surya
Published: July 2020

This study focused on investigating the effect of puppets as a teaching media on students’ speaking competency. It was an experimental research administering post-test only control group design. The population was the eighth-grade students of SMP N 6 Singaraja. The samples were VIII B1 class as experimental group and VIII B3 as a control group. The experimental group was treated by using puppets as teaching media, whereas the control group was treated by using the conventional technique. The instruments used in this study to collect the data were the teaching scenario and post-test in the form of a speaking test. The data were then analyzed descriptively, inferentially and effect size. The result was significant. It can be seen from both group's mean score where the experimental group’s score was 93.84 while control group’s score was 90.22 the value of tob (t observed) was 2.111 and it was higher than tcv (t critical value) that was 1.669 (a=0.5). It indicates that there is a significant effect on students’ speaking competency who were taught by puppet and those who were taught by conventional technique.
Analysis of Learning Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) Toward English Subject
Authors: Warmadewi Putu Sri , Agustini Dewa Ayu Eka , Wedhanti Nyoman Karina
Published: July 2020

In line with the 21st century learning of education, 2013 Curriculum (k-13) highlights the development of critical thinking, problem analyzing, problem solving, decision making, and creating something new. It requires teachers to use the new paradigm in designing the lesson plan as well as the assessment, which indicate Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS). However, the implementation does not work properly as planned. Therefore this research aimed to analyze the implementation of Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) in terms of designing the content of lesson plans and assessments at SMA Negeri 2 Banjar. This was a qualitative research employing a document study design. The subject of this study was the English teacher in SMA Negeri 2 Banjar. The data were collected qualitatively through observation, documentation and interview. The results showed that Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) was not expressed in the whole of the lesson plan and the assessment, it was covered in several parts of the lesson plan as well as the assessment. The results has the implication for the English teacher to develop the implementation of Higher Order Thinking (HOT) in the content of the lesson plan and assessment holistically.
PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGUATAN NILAI KARAKTER TOLERANSI PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI PERUMAHAN PNS KOTA METRO
Authors: Tisnawati Nina
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbela kangi oleh lingkunagn perumahan PNS kota meto lampung yang memiliki masyarakat beragam dari suku dan agama, dalam lingkungan masyarakt yang multikutural tentu membuat anak usia dini terkadang bertanya mengenai anak-anak dilingkungannya yang berbeda dengan dirinya, sehingga para orang tua memberikan penjelasan kepada anak-anak yang bertujuan untuk mengauatkan nilai karakter toleransi pada anak-anak sejak usia dini yang dibutuhkan penjelasan yang kuat agar anak usia dini dapat memahami tentang toleransi, tujuan penelitian ini tentang bagaimana pendidikan multicultural anak usia dini di perumahan PNS kota Metro, bagaimana penanaman nilai karakter toleransi pada anak usia dini di perumahan PNS kota Metro, lokasi penelitian ini adalah di perumahan PNS kota Metro Lampung, metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan jenid spendekatan deskriptif analisis, pendidikan multicultural di perumahan PNS kota metro di lakukan secara individu dan kelompok pendidikan secara individu yaitu dengan cara orang tua memberikan pengarahan kepada anak disetiap pertanyaan anak yang mengatakan bahwa kebiasaan kawannya berbeda dengan dirinya disitulah peran orangtua memberikan pendidikan multicultural kepada anak dan dari kelompok perpustakaan keliling yang tujuan diadakan perpustakaan keliling supaya anak-anak bisa beramain bersama belajar bersama tanpa membedakan perbedaan diantara mereka baik suku maupun agama yang bertujuan agar anak usia dini di lingkungan perumahan PNS kota Metro tertanam nilai toleransi dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat yang penuh rasa kasih sayang, cinta damai dan penuh kasih sayang antar semama dan memiliki jiwa BINEKATUNGGALIKA dalam kehidupan sehari-hari
Evaluación de tratamientos superficiales en madera expuesta a condiciones de intemperismo natural
Authors: Taraborelli Carla , Refort Maria Mercedes , Spavento Eleana , Maly Laura , Acuña Luis , Camera Ricardo , Keil Gabriel
Published: July 2020

La madera al exterior sufre intemperismo, proceso superficial causado principalmente por radiación solar (UV), humedad relativa, temperatura y precipitaciones, resultando la aparición de micro-macrogrietas, aspecto rugoso y agrisado superficial. El objetivo fue analizar cualitativamente el comportamiento de 11 recubrientes, aplicados sobre madera de Pinus ponderosa expuesta al exterior en la ciudad de La Plata, Argentina. Se ensayaron 9 productos disponibles en el mercado: 2 esmaltes sintéticos, 3 barnices,3 lasures yun esmalte acrílico,dos productos en desarrollo y un testigo sin recubrir. Se realizaron evaluaciones visuales y registros fotográficos cada 30 días durante 21 meses, en base a una grilla de 6 variables: cambio de brillo y de color, agrietamientos, manchado de clavos, presencia de mohos y desgaste del recubriente, valoradas en escala de 0 a 4.Transcurridos los 21 meses de exposición, se observaron diferencias significativas entre los recubrientes, siendo los esmaltes sintéticos los de mejor comportamiento, arrojando valores entre 1,5 y 4, mientras que los barnices y el testigo arrojaron resultados entre 0,2 y 1,1 dependiendo de la variable, evidenciando una pérdida total de su vida útil. En un plano intermedio, los lasures comerciales y en desarrollo arrojaron valores entre 1,1 y 3,3. Se concluye que no existe un tipo de recubriente que atienda a todos los factores abióticos y que no sufra la acción del intemperismo.
Antifungal management in adults and children with hematological malignancies or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation: recommendations of Polish Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Polish Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, and Polish Adult Leukemia Study Group, 2020
Authors: Gil Lidia , Kałwak Krzysztof , Piekarska Agnieszka , Góra-Tybor Joanna , Wierzbowska Agnieszka , Bieniaszewska Maria , Hus Iwona , Szczepański Tomasz , Giebel Sebastian , Lech-Marańda Ewa , Styczyński Jan
Published: July 2020

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is one of the most serious complications of therapy in patients with immune suppression. It particularly concerns patients treated for malignant hematological diseases, immune deficiencies, or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Development of IFD can abrogate the effect of previous therapy and contributes to dismal outcome of the underlying disease. The Working Group consisting of members of the Polish Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, the Polish Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, and the Polish Adult Leukemia Study Group has prepared recommendations for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of IFD in adults and children. This paper presents the current recommendations for patients in immune suppression treated in Polish pediatric and adult hematology and HCT centers, based on the guidelines of the European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia (ECIL) 2015–2019. Levels of diagnosis of IFD (possible, probable, and proven) and antifungal management (prophylaxis, as well as empirical and targeted therapies) are declared according to updated international criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) 2019. Patients with primary diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, severe aplastic anemia, chronic granulomatous disease, and severe combined immunodeficiency, as well as patients after allogeneic HCT, are included in the high-risk groups for development of IFD. For these patients, antifungal prophylaxis based on azoles or micafungin is recommended. In empirical therapy, caspofungin or liposomal/lipid formulas of amphotericin B are recommended. The Working Group has discouraged the use of itraconazole in capsules and amphotericin deoxycholate. Detailed guidelines for first- and second-line targeted therapies for invasive candidiasis, aspergillosis, mucormycosis, fusariosis, and scedosporiosis, as well as the principles of the recommended dosing of antifungals, are presented in this paper.
Behavior of Broadcast Ionospheric-Delay Models from GPS, Beidou, and Galileo Systems
Authors: Farah Ashraf
Published: July 2020

The GNSS observations suffer from different types of errors that could affect the achieved positioning accuracy based on the receiver type used. Single-frequency receivers are widely used worldwide because of its low cost. The ionospheric delay considers the most challenging error for single-frequency GNSS observations. All satellite navigation systems, except GLONASS, are advising their users to correct for the ionospheric delay using a certain model. Those models’ coefficients are sent to users in the system’s navigation message. These models are different in their accuracy and behavior based on its foundation theory as well as the updating rate of their coefficients. The GPS uses Klobuchar model for mitigating the ionospheric delay. BeiDou system (BDS-2) adopts a slightly modified Klobuchar model that resembles GPS ICA (Ionospheric Correction Algorithm) with eight correction parameters but is formulated in a geographic coordinate system with different coefficients in origin and updating rate. Galileo system uses a different model (NeQuick model). This article investigates the behavior of the three models in correcting the ionospheric delay for three stations at different latitudes during 3 months of different states of ionospheric activity, comparing with International GNSS Service-Global Ionospheric Maps (IGS-GIMs). It is advised from this research’s outputs to use the GPS model for mitigating the ionospheric delay in low-latitude regions during the state of low-and medium-activity ionosphere. It is advised to use the BeiDou model for mitigating the ionospheric delay in mid-latitude regions during different states of ionospheric activity. It is advised to use the Galileo model for mitigating the ionospheric delay in high-latitude regions during different states of ionospheric activity. Also, the Galileo model is recommended for mitigating the ionospheric delay for low-latitude regions during the state of high-activity ionosphere.
Selected meteorological phenomena posing a hazard to aviation: a case study on Bydgoszcz airport, central Poland
Authors: Araźny Andrzej , Łaszyca Edward
Published: July 2020

The article describes the occurrence of selected weather phenomena that are hazardous to aviation (thunderstorms, hail, fog and glaze) in Bydgoszcz. The work employs 1971–2010 data from the Bydgoszcz-Airport meteorological station. The hazardous atmospheric phenomena selected for analysis hinder or sometimes even prevent aviation. Of the analysed weather phenomena in Bydgoszcz, those most hazardous to aviation are fog and thunderstorms. The average annual numbers of days featuring them exceed 71 and 14, respectively. The analysis shows that statistically significant threats to aviation have decreased, e.g. number of days with fog (by 4.76 days/10 yrs) and days with thunderstorms (by 1.68 days/10 yrs). However, no clear trends can be seen for the number of days with hail (decrease of 0.14 days/10 yrs) and days with glaze (an increase of 0.16 days/10 yrs).
Genera Euastrum and Micrasterias (Charophyta, Desmidiales) from Fens in the Southern Part of Middle Urals, Russia
Authors: Shakhmatov Andrei S.
Published: July 2020

The floristic survey of the desmids in lakes of the southern part of Middle Urals revealed nine species representing the genus Euastrum and eight taxa belonging to the genus Micrasterias. Among them, four taxa (Euastrum germanicum, E. verrucosum var. alatum, Micrasterias fimbriata, M. mahabuleshwarensis var. wallichii) were new records to the Ural Region, whereas the other four taxa (Euastrum verrucosum, Micrasterias americana, M. furcata and M. truncata) were found for the first time in Middle Urals. Canonical correspondence analysis, which was performed to assess habitat preferences of the studied algae, showed that most species were more abundant in slightly acidic water and occurred predominantly in benthic habitats.
Some Noteworthy Findings of Aphyllophoroid Fungi in the North of Eastern Fenoscandia (Murmansk Region, Russia)
Authors: Khimich Yuliia R. , Shiryaev Anton G. , Volobuev Sergey V.
Published: July 2020

Twenty-eight noteworthy species of aphyllophoroid fungi were recorded in the Murmansk Region (north-eastern Fennoscandia, Russia). Twenty-one species were reported for the first time in the region: Ceratellopsis corneri, Clavaria amoenoides, C. flavipes, Clavulinopsis umbrinella, Fibulomyces mutabilis, Hydnomerulius pinastri, Hyphoderma sibiricum, Hypochnicium albostramineum, Lentaria afflata, L. micheneri, Peniophorella pallida, Piloderma lanatum, Postia rennyi, Pseudotomentella umbrina, Ramariopsis crocea, R. tenuicula, Sarcodon scabrosus, Sistotrema diademiferum, Typhula curvispora, T. pachypus and T. struthiopteridis. Seven species are second and third records in the forest tundra and northern boreal zone: Ceratellopsis sagittiformis, Odontia fibrosa, Phaeoclavulina flaccida, Pterula sclerotiicola, Ramariopsis tenuiramosa, Tomentellopsis echinospora and Tulasnella allantospora.
Molecular Autograph of Maturase-K Gene in Isodon rugosus (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Srivastava Devendra Kumar , Bansal Pekhna , Singh Pradeep Kumar , Saggoo Manjit Inder Singh
Published: July 2020

Molecular autograph of trn/mat-K gene was used as one of the important candidate marker in addressing the questions of systematics and barcoding of medicinal plants. Features of trn/mat-K gene in Isodon rugosus (Lamiaceae) were assessed for the first time (NCBI GenBank Accession Number: MH939199.1). Sequence of 756 bp length was amplified by the universal matK primers (matK472F and matK1248R) in the cpDNA of the plant. It was reported to contain trnK gene (>1…..50; >746…..756), partial sequence; and matK gene (>51…..745), partial coding DNA sequence. Alignment search and analysis showed that only nine different Isodon species are currently available for matK sequences with repeated copy of submissions in GenBank. The matK sequences of I. rugosus was reported with 34.2 (G + C)% and 17 variable sites (VS), out of which seven were singleton (ST) and 10 sites were species-specific parsimoniously-informative (PI) that could be used to differentiate I. rugosus from other species as well as to authenticate the taxon. Phylogenetic analysis resulted into monophyletic clustering of I. rugosus near to the clade having I. coetsa by both maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum parsimony (MP) methods. Clades obtained in ML tree were more informative as compared to MP tree.
Implementation of Classic Image Transformation Algorithm to Quantum State, Boundary Extraction and Transformation of Half-Tone Image to Binary
Authors: Gushanskiy Sergey , Potapov Viktor , Madrigal Omar Correa
Published: July 2020

The aim of the research is computer simulation of a quantum algorithm to solve the problem of transforming a classical image using quantum computing tools and methods, studying recognition algorithms and creating a recognition model using quantum methods. The method of quantum modeling makes it possible to convert a classical image into a quantum state, select boundaries and convert a grayscale image to a binary one, and shows the possibilities of the quantum information theory in interpreting classical problems. The main results of the article are the developed quantum algorithm that allows recognizing objects, as well as the quantum method aimed at representing/processing a color pixel image. The scientific novelty of the article is expressed in the construction of a quantum system, an exponential increase in the speed of solving computational NP-complete problems, which on classical machines can be solved in unacceptable time. The motivation for writing the work was a high growth interest in quantum computing and the benefits that they guarantee. The development of the theoretical foundations of creating software systems and the design of algorithms for new information technologies and specialized computing systems is a dynamic field, as evidenced by the number of existing works in this direction. The developed algorithms for various problems of complexity classes can give a significant gain in efficiency in comparison with existing classical ones and provide a solution to a number of complex mathematical (including cryptographic) problems.