bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ԲԱՆԱՍՏԵՂԾՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՈՒ ԵՐԱԺՇՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԽԱՌՆԱՐԱՆՈՒՄ / AT THE CRATER OF POETRY AND MUSIC
Authors: Yeghiazaryan Vardan
Published: October 2024

Komitas is not only the pinnacle of Armenian musical art but also a tender poet. Dozens of Komitas’ poems have been preserved and reached us, which are unique expressions of his inner world as a poet. Komitas’ perceptions of poetic art are a new word in the history of Armenian literary thought. His love poetry stands out for its special lyricism, delicacy, and richness of emotion. His love songs reveal the secrets of the great songwriter’s soul—the anxieties and happy expectations, concerns, and dreams of the loving heart. In the genius’s inner world, love blends with nature, expressing the enchanting beauties of his emotional world. The song of maternal love stands out in the poet’s lyrics. Komitas’s orphan-hood and the lack of a mother’s love nostalgically hang in the firmament of his delicate soul. The soul of the patriarch of Armenian song is a unique crucible of music and poetry that will forever fascinate and surprise people. Komitas’ music and poems are among the treasures of Armenian and world culture. By studying and examining the poetic world of the great songwriter, we notice that of special interest are the pieces of love poetry. Moreover, the most important part of Komitas’s poetry are his many poems dedicated to nature.
Modelling the Relationship between Sectoral Indices of the Stock Market in Nigeria (All Share Index Vs. Other Index)
Authors: Olaniyan Sunday Michael  , Abiola Bankole
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the relationship between the returns of the sectoral indices using correlations analysis and beta analysis on weekly index values of sectoral indices with a base value of 157 points of specific sectors at the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) from 04 October 2013 until 30 September 2016. The result shows that returns across various sectors tend to be correlated which indicated that risk diversification would be difficult. All Share Index returns have a positive relationship with the vast majority of the sectoral indices indicating that many indexes performance is alongside the 'All-share index’. Finding from the beta analysis shows that some indices are more volatile than the market while some are less volatile than the market. This study will aid investors/portfolio managers in reducing their portfolio risk, getting safe returns, providing specific investment opportunities, and direction for suitable investment decisions for the Nigerian market using such sectoral indices
Audit Tenure and Financial Reporting Quality of Listed Non-Financial Services Firms in Nigeria: The Modeating Role of Audit Committee’s Independence.
Authors: Abubakar Sadiq Yayangida  , Mohammed Nma Ahmed, Ph.D  , Terzungwe Nyor, Ph.D  , Onipe Adabenege Yahaya, Ph.D
Published: October 2024

Audit tenure in particular, has become a lingering issue after the accounting scandals involving wide-ranging corporate entities from both local and global business environments. This lingering issue has prevented auditors from conducting some specific non-audit services. This study examines the moderating role of audit committee independence on the relationship between audit tenure and financial reporting quality of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria over a period of 2011-2021. The study employed ex-post facto as the research design for the study while data was obtained from the secondary sources. The method of data collection was by extraction from the annual audited financial reports and accounts of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria. The sample size comprises of 30 listed non-financial services firms selected using purposive sampling techniques. Multiple regression was employed as the techniques for data analysis in the study. The Results of the analysis showed that the direct relationship has no effect on financial reporting quality of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria. However, the effect of audit tenure on financial reporting quality is statistically significant when moderated by audit committee independence. The study recommends that more independent directors should be included on the audit committee of listed non-financial companies in Nigeria in order to improve the financial reporting quality of listed non-financial companies in Nigeria.
Impact of Tax Knowledge, Tax Fairness and Religious Ethics on Tax Evasion of Small and Medium Enterprises in Katsina South Senatorial Zone.
Authors: Muhammad Lawal , Usman Shehu Hassan , Kumai Benjamin Gugong
Published: October 2024

The study examines the impact of tax knowledge, tax fairness and religious ethics on tax evasion of SMEs in Katsina State. The data of the study was collected from 200 SMEs in Katsina South Senatorial Zone using a structured questionnaire. Three hypotheses were tested using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings of the study revealed that tax knowledge, tax fairness and religious ethics are significantly related to tax evasion. Based on the findings of the study, the study concludes that tax knowledge, tax fairness and religious ethics play vital role in the changes of tax evasion activities of SMEs in Katsina State. Based on the conclusion of the study, the study recommends among other that States Internal Revenues Services should provide adequate knowledge of tax related issues in the State through radio and television programmes as well as social media platforms so that taxpayers in the state will be well equipped on the importance of tax payment and this will minimise number of tax payers participating in tax evasion activities in the State. In addition, the States Internal Revenues Services should redesign its tax policies in such a way that the tax payers will feel that the tax system is fair to them and not the other way round. This will minimise tax evasion activities in the State. Additionally, States Board of Internal Revenues Services should create a religion unit within the Board and engage the services of religion leaders to educate SMEs owners that God knows all their hidden activities and they will be punished by HIM if they engaged in illegal activities such as tax evasion.
The Applicability of Forensics to Government Accounting System in Ministries and Departments of the Northwestern States of Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Sagir
Published: October 2024

This study examines the applicability of forensics to government accounting system in ministries and departments of North-Western states of Nigeria. The study used survey research design within the positive accounting theory. The study utilized primary data via the use of questionnaires administered to accountants, internal and external auditors from the seven (7) states of the North-Western geo-political zone of Nigeria. The population of the study consisted of all the Ministries in the Northwestern States of Nigeria with 1636 accountants, internal and external auditors on grade level 12 and above for the 2024 budget year estimate. Assessment of Measurement Model, namely individual item reliability, internal consistency reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity, was conducted to confirm the reliability and validity of the data collected for the study. Also, the Assessment of Structural Model namely Hypothesis testing for Direct Relationship, Coefficient of Determination, Effect Size Model, Predictive relevance, of the Model, Predictive Power of the Model (PLS Predict) and the Importance Performance Map (IPMA) was conducted to examine the relationship between endogenous latent construct (applicability of forensic accounting) and the exogenous latent constructs (educational, legal, behavioural, political and environmental factors). The findings of the study indicated that both the legal factors, behavioural factors, educational factors, environmental factors as well as political factors are significantly and positively related to the applicability of forensics to government accounting system in ministries and departments of the North-Western states of Nigeria. It is recommended that the state House of Assemblies in the North-western states should (enact) pass laws backing the conduct of forensic accounting at the state level this will facilitate it application to detect and prevent fraud, also the Regulatory agencies and professional bodies should ensure the provision of guidelines and standards to regulate forensic accounting activities at the state government level.
Impact of Information Technology Governance Mechanisms on Public Sector Financial Performance in Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed Nana , Auwal Muhammad Kabir , Abubakar Abdulkadir
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of IT governance mechanisms (ITG structures, ITG process, ITG relational mechanisms) on public sector financial performance in Bauchi state. The paper adopts cross-sectional survey research design and collected primary data using structured questionnaire. The population was 2316 staffs of the five selected MDAs within Bauchi state where the sample of 331 staff were selected using Krejcie and Morgan table. The data collected was analyzed using multiple regression technique with the help of SPSS version 23. The paper found that IT governance structures and processes have significant positive effect on public sector financial performance in Bauchi state. In line with the findings, the paper concludes that IT governance and its mechanisms serve as an effective tool for managing the state financial resources address the problem of inefficient service delivery inherent to public sector operations in Bauchi state. In view of the finding and conclusion outlined, it was recommended that Bauchi state public entities should implement a robust system of monitoring and evaluation of IT governance structures by regularly assessing the key performance indicators related to cost reduction, revenue enhancement and operational efficiency. They should also revisit their strategic objectives and financial goals to clarify how IT governance processes can fit in to contribute in achieving these objectives. Finally, government should contribute by enacting, implementing and enforcing enabling law that guides how IT resources of public entities should be governed in such a way that revenue accrued to the government is improved.
Corporate Income Tax Burden on Liquidity Of Listed DMBs in Nigeria
Authors: Suleiman Ahmed Hadiza , Abubakar Mohammed Garba
Published: October 2024

This study assesses the effect of corporate income tax burden on liquidity of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria from 2018 to 2022. The entire fourteen listed deposit money banks served as population of the study. Data ware obtained from annual reports and accounts of the banks. Correlation analysis and panel analysis were used within this framework. Panel multiple regression analysis is used to manipulate the dependent variable that is, liquidity measured by cash ratio, independent variable corporate income tax burden measured by marginal tax rate and tax expense and control variable used was bank’s age. The result reveals that, marginal tax rate has significant positive effect on liquidity and tax expense has negative significant effect on liquidity. On the control variable bank’s age indicates a positive significant effect on liquidity among listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that, Nigerian banks should focus on tax planning strategies, such as utilizing tax incentives and credits, structuring tax efficient transactions and managing tax risks effectively. By doing so, the firms can potentially enhance their financial performance and increase their liquidity position and could encourage banking sector’s growth and development.
Forensic Accounting and Financial Reporting Quality of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors: Oyedokun Okiki Isaac
Published: October 2024

Economic volatility and stakeholder dissatisfaction such as inadequate regulatory monitoring, public sector inefficiency, corporate governance issue, financial reporting irregularities, weakness in traditional auditing widespread corruption and financial mismanagement have led requests for improved financial system protection, necessitating the implementation of forensic accounting. This research was initiated to explore the impact of forensic accounting on financial reporting quality in Nigerian listed deposit money banks (DMBs). The longitudinal research included 10 DMBs listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group as of December 31, 2022. The rationale behind selecting 10 DMBs is based on DMBs with largest asset base. The data which includes investigative accounting and litigation support services was examined by descriptive statistics and ordinary least squares regression. This study discovered that investigative accounting has a positive and significant (coefficient = 0.0034, p-value = 0.0000) effect on the financial reporting quality of listed DMBS in Nigeria. The study also discovered that litigation support services have a positive and significant effect (coefficient = 0.0007, p-value = 0.0000) on the financial reporting quality of listed DMBS in Nigeria. On overall result shows that forensic accounting has a negative and significant effect on the financial reporting quality of listed DMBS in Nigeria. This research concludes that forensic accounting assist DMBs improve financial reporting quality. It was recommended that DMBs priorities the adoption and implementation of forensic accounting practices. This can be achieved by creating a dedicated forensic accounting unit within the bank to handle all fraud detection and prevention activities, implementing a robust internal control and investing in forensic accountants' training and continuous professional development, as well as providing financial professionals with the necessary skills and tools.
Impact of Currency Redesign and Cashless Policy on Household Standard of Living in Sokoto Metropolis
Authors: Hassan Adamu , Bala Mansur , Marafa Murtala
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the impact of currency redesign and cashless policy implementation on household standard of living in Sokoto Metropolis using a survey dataset for a sample of three hundred and sixty-five (365) respondents. In the analysis, this study used Ordinary Least Squares regression and the results reveal that currency redesign has significant negative effect on household standard of living while the cashless policy has had a positive and significant effect on household living standards. Additionally, broader economic and environmental conditions, such as political instability, transportation costs, climate change, and rising commodity prices, have also played a significant role in shaping household welfare. However, the adverse effects of currency redesign highlight the need for policymakers to carefully manage the implementation of such reforms to minimize disruptions to the economy. The findings suggest that the cashless policy has been effective in driving financial inclusion, reducing transaction costs, and creating economic opportunities for households. Moreover, the significant influence of macroeconomic and environmental factors underscores the importance of adopting a holistic approach to policymaking, addressing both financial sector developments and broader economic challenges. To build on the benefits of the cashless policy, the study recommends that policymakers focus on addressing implementation challenges, strengthening supporting infrastructure, and ensuring the transition is inclusive. Concurrently, efforts should be made to mitigate the negative impacts of currency redesign and other macroeconomic risks through appropriate policy interventions and coordination across relevant sectors. By adopting this comprehensive approach, Nigeria can maximize the potential of the cashless economy to drive sustainable economic development and improve the overall standard of living for its citizens.
RETENÇÃO DE PLACENTA EM BOVINOS DE LEITE: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Proto Deborah
Published: October 2024

A RP caracteriza-se como um dos principais problemas em bovinos leiteiros, apresentando-se como um problema de alta relevância visto sua influência sobre parâmetros produtivos do animal. O objetivo do presente estudo é averiguar através de uma revisão de literatura, como a retenção de placenta pode influenciar na produtividade de bovinos leiteiros. A placenta é um tecido materno fetal, que tem como função garantir a segurança e manutenção do feto durante a maior parte da gestação. A separação placentária caracteriza-se como perda de conexão entre a componente fetal e materno da placenta, que associada à contractilidade uterina desencadeada no parto resulta na expulsão das membranas fetais. A liberação da placenta ocorre através da perda das ligações das membranas fetais com o útero, esse processo só é possível após a maturação placentária que ocorrem em média entre o 3 a 5 dia antes do parto. A retenção placentária (RP), apresenta-se como o distúrbio puerperal com a 2ª maior incidência em bovinos, sendo definido pela persistência da placenta no trato reprodutivo feminino após 12 a 24 horas pós-parto. A RP quando não tratada pode resultar em metrite séptica, anorexia, depressão, hipertermia e diminuição na produção, sendo relatados casos de hipogalaxia e agalaxia. Alguns fatores podem contribuir diretamente para a RP como: estresse, erros de manejo, deficiências nutritivas, doenças metabólicas entre outros. A RP além de ocasionar diversos problemas de ordem reprodutiva, também influencia no declínio da produção de leite do animal. A RP pode ocasionar graves prejuízos para a pecuária leiteira.
CONSÓRCIO MILHO - BRACHIARA
Authors: França Filho Waldemar Carlos de , Alves Paulo Otávio Almeida , Otavio Cabral Neto
Published: October 2024

O consórcio entre milho (Zea mays L.) e Braquiária (Brachiaria spp.) é uma prática agrícola sustentável que melhora a qualidade do solo, promove a retenção de umidade, e reduz a erosão. Além de auxiliar no controle de plantas daninhas e na redução de insumos, oferece vantagens econômicas, como menor custo de produção e maior rentabilidade com pastagens após a colheita do milho. Essa prática também contribui para a captura de carbono e a conservação da biodiversidade, alinhando-se aos princípios da agricultura sustentável.
Exploration of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Resilience in Female Internally Trafficked Domestic Workers from Nepal
Authors:   Northwestern State University of Louisiana, Natchitoches, LA, USA, Moulton Patrice , Myers Billie Clare ,   Northwestern State University of Louisiana, Natchitoches, LA, USA, Gurung Babita ,   St. Xavier College, Kathmandu, Nagarkoti Rojina ,   Institute of Crisis Management Studies, Samarpan Academy, Kathmandu
Published: October 2024

In the midst of adversity, such as trauma, individuals may possess resilience to effectively cope. The current investigation explored resilience and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in female domestic service workers who experienced internal trafficking in Nepal. The purpose of the qualitative components of the research was to code for resilience and symptoms of PTSD; whereas, the purpose of the quantitative component was to compare a group of female participants who experienced former or current domestic service work to a group of female participants who did not experience former or current domestic service work. The current study was a mixed methods approach in which 25 participants completed a resilience and PTSD questionnaire, and 13 of those participants who were also former or current domestic service workers participated in semi-structured interviews about their experiences as domestic service workers. The results revealed high levels of PTSD among those who experienced domestic service work, but not higher or lower levels of resilience than those who did not experience domestic service work. Instead, qualitative research showed the presence of resilience in spite of having symptoms of PTSD among those who experienced domestic service work. These findings partially supported the hypothesis and suggest the need to further study those with high levels of resilience who also were internally trafficked, domestic service workers to understand how these individuals survive in spite of complex trauma. Keywords: domestic worker, human trafficking, PTSD, mental health, resilience, Nepal
Relationships between visceral fat and oxidative stress, inflammatory markers in healthy persons with and without a family history of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Jain Jaya
Published: October 2024

Introduction Managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) poses a complex challenge, with patient outcomes often influenced by various factors such as treatment adherence, socio-economic status, body mass index (BMI), and health literacy. The World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of diabetes self-management training, with health literacy playing a pivotal role in patients' knowledge and awareness of their disease. Materials and Methods This is a prospective, case control and Randomized study with and without family history of type 2 diabetes was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, Index Medical College. Documentation of basal and anthropometric parameters: The participants were told to empty their bladders before beginning the anthropomorphic assessment. A stadiometer in the upright position was used to measure height, and a weighing machine was used to assess weight. Results Mean TAOS: Controls have a mean TAOS level of 2.49 mM, while cases have a much lower mean of 0.75 mM. This suggests that cases with a family history of type 2 diabetes have lower antioxidant status compared to controls. Mean MDA: Controls have a mean MDA level of 8.18 mM, while cases with a family history have a mean of 13.09 mM. This substantial difference indicates that individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes have much higher levels of MDA, suggesting increased oxidative stress. This indicates a highly significant difference between the two groups, supporting that individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes have elevated MDA levels compared to controls. Conclusions As a result, it can help with decisions about drug selection, dosage titration, duration of treatment, and preventing adverse drug reactions.
A Study on Pulmonary Function among Wood Factory Workers
Authors: Suneetha Chalasani
Published: October 2024

Introduction Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) play a crucial role in assessing respiratory health by measuring various parameters that reflect the function and efficiency of the lungs. These tests provide valuable insights into the mechanics of breathing, the capacity of the respiratory system, and the presence of any abnormalities or diseases affecting lung function. Spirometry is commonly used in evaluation of certain restrictive and obstructive lung diseases. Methods This is a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Index Medical College diagnosed with COPD using Spirometry was recruited for the study. Details of the subjects collected at one point of time in the study period. Construction Male workers aged 40-80 years were included. Results The present study was done in 220 participants (study group-n=110, Control group n= 110). In our study, the most of workers age group is 18-30 years i.e., 57 out of 110, followed by 31-40 years, i.e., 41 out of 110 in study group and in control group 18-30 years i.e., 59 out of 110, followed by 31-40 years, i.e., 40 out of 110. In study group out of 110, 67 subjects were male and 43 were female subjects. In control group 68 were male and 42 were female subjects. The most common cardiovascular co-morbidity was hypertension (n= 75, 34.1%), followed by diabetes mellitus (n =32, 14.5%), and dyslipidaemia (n= 40, 18.2%). Conclusions In the present study, FEV1, FVC, PEFR, MVV values showed highly significant reduction as compare to control groups. The significant decrease in these values is indicative of obstructive type of changes in lung functions. Continuous exposure to dusty environment leads to inflammatory changes in small airways as well as in lung parenchyma leading to development of obstructive type of lung dysfunction.
A Study on Serum Zinc Levels with Stage of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Disease Patients
Authors: Yogappanavar Samrat H
Published: October 2024

Background Zinc deficiency is common in decompensated chronic liver disease (DCLD) and may contribute to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). This study investigated the relationship between serum zinc levels and severity of HE in DCLD patients. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 30 patients with DCLD. Serum zinc levels were measured at admission. The grade of HE was assessed clinically using the West Haven Criteria. The association between serum zinc and HER grade was analyzed using correlation analyses. Results The mean age of study subjects was 43.4 ± 9.8 years. The mean serum zinc level was 63.97 ± 11.1μg/dL. Lower serum zinc correlated with higher HE grades (r = -0.679, p < 0.001). Patients with overt HE (grade 3) had significantly lower zinc levels (43.5 ± 0.71μg/dL) compared to those with grade 2 (57.9±11.7μg/dL) and without HE or minimal HE (grade 1) (69 ± 6.7μg/dL) (p < 0.001) Conclusions Serum zinc levels inversely correlate with hepatic encephalopathy severity in DCLD patients. Zinc deficiency may represent a modifiable risk factor for overt HE, and zinc supplementation warrants further study as a potential therapeutic intervention to improve neurological outcomes in this population.
Evaluation of Serum Level and Gene Expression of Interleukin-15 and Interleukin-21 in Patients with Celiac Disease Prevalence
Authors: Mohammed Noor Qasim
Published: October 2024

Introduction Coeliac disease (CD) is a complex immune- mediated illness that is sparked by dietary gluten- sensitive enteropathy as well as progresses over time in genetically predisposed people susceptible persons during their lifetime. Material and Methods Eighty-four Iraqi patients (Male & Female) with celiac disease with an age range (3-65) were investigated. Samples were taken from the Al Karama Teaching Hospital. Data sheet was filled according to questionnaire format, which include name, age, smoking, family history & alcohol intake. The patient's diagnosis was based on some serological test (AGA, tTG) the patients were clinically subdivided into treated and untreated. Results In our study indicate that the majority of patients in celiac disease were diagnosed in females more than males; in the other hand, 66,67% of the confirmed treated Patients with celiac disease were females, while 33.33% were males, 40% confirmed untreated Patients from celiac disease were males when they were females 60 %, moreover furthermore 62.96% control female group more than 37.04% male control group with a significant difference (P-value 0.03661). Conclusion Treated group Gluten-free diet (GFD) for celiac patients may be reduce the risk of Celica diseases in concentration and activity.
The frequency of individuals with allergies to general anesthesia
Authors: Ghazalat Haider Ali Ibraheem
Published: October 2024

Introduction The incidences of allergy to general anesthetics ranges between 1/350 in IRAQ. The incidence of peranesthetic allergic reactions estimated in 2006 in IRAQ was 1/9000, all drugs confounded, and the incidence of allergic reactions to NMBA was evaluated to be 1/6500 anesthesia. Allergic reactions can be benign or fatal in some cases (6%). Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients in different hospitals in Iraq, and 20 patients were collected. The study was devoted to knowing the Prevalence of patients allergic to general anaesthesia. Distributed patients according to age between 25 years to 50 years, and through the statistical analysis SPSS IBM SOFT mean value and SD was for age 33±6.1. Results Positive results of the prick test It showed a high percentage of Meperidine for six patients, and positive results were distributed according to gender: 3 male patients and three female patients, and Morphine for four patients, according to sex (3 male patients and one female patient). Conclusion Allergic reaction may be more severe in patients with asthma, heart disease, etc. Allergic reaction appears in most cases within minutes from the moment of exposure to the allergen.
Determination of Entropy Level in Open Heart Surgery Comparing Remifentanil and Propofol
Authors: Kareem Marwa Adel
Published: October 2024

Background: There is a high rate of awareness during open heart surgery, which causes severe complications that endanger the patient's life and potentially lead posttraumatic stress disorder. Various techniques have been employed to measure the depth of anesthesia and awareness by Entropy (EEG, EMG monitoring) autonomic response (H.R, B.P), Bispectral index (EEG monitoring) skin conductance (change in sweat production), lower esophageal contractility. Aims: In our study we try to compare the incidence of awareness by measuring the difference in level of entropy) EEG) in these two groups of anesthetic drugs ,1st group Remifentanil, 2nd group propofol. Patients and methods: A randomized prospective comparative clinical trial, of 44 adult patients were undergone open heart surgery,22 of them received Remifentanil, the other 22 patients received propofol both as maintenance of anesthesia. Before induction of anesthesia, we apply three forehead entropy leads to measure the depth of anesthesia in the pre cardiopulmonary bypass period. Results: There was significant decrease in awareness (state entropy) in R group, P value 0. 016m.The H. R significantly decrease in P Group P value 0. 046.While there is no significant difference in blood pressure in both groups. Conclusion: The use of Remifentanil for maintenance of anesthesia in open heart surgery is more suitable than propofol maintenance because it has shown less awareness and more hemodynamic stability.
Assessment of Hemorrhage Outcomes in Expectant Mothers.
Authors: Omar Ahmed Fakhri
Published: October 2024

Background: Hemorrhoids are defined as an aberrant downward movement in the anal cushions that results in venous dilatation. Hemorrhoids are commonly associated with burning, itching, perianal discomfort, and bleeding. Aim: This paper aims to evaluate of hemorrhoid outcomes for pregnant women. Patients and methods: This paper was interested to evaluate of hemorrhoid outcomes for pregnant women where include patients who suffered of hemorrhoids in different hospitals in Iraq from 19th July 2021 to 25th June 2022. This paper was focused on patients who have ages in between 25-40 years. This paper was included to groups. Where the first represented the patients' group who still suffered of hemorrhoids after the process outcomes of the operative, while the second group presented patients who successes of prevent hemorrhoids where it, represented as intervention group with 164 cases where each group has 64 patients. The data were examined and recovered the outcomes of health outcomes by the SPSS program. Results and Discussion: According to our findings, either ITT or PP analyses revealed that this intervention reduced hemorrhoids by about 60% of the overall rate. The prevalence of hemorrhoids following giving birth for the patient’s category (ITT-41%; PP-42%) was consistent with Poskus et al.'s observed rate of 40.7% in a comparable population. Conclusion: Due to the comparatively low miscarriage as well as hemorrhoid rates, small variations between research groups might have been ignored. Yet, the miscarriage rate was the most recognized result for assessing the safety of different prenatal procedures. Finally, our proposed method, which aims to change dietary and behavioral patterns, dramatically lowers the risk of hemorrhoids throughout pregnancy and may be safely advised to pregnant women. Keywords
Comparative Study on Functional Outcome Between Peroneus Longus Vs Hamstring Graft in An ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Ligu Lenin
Published: October 2024

Background: Autologous Hamstring Graft is one of the most commonly used graft for ACL reconstruction. However, harvesting autologous hamstring graft has a potential complication of weakening stabilisation of hip and knee. Moreover, recent usage of autologous peroneus longus graft gives an alternative option. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary hospital centre in Naharlagun, India. A total of 53 eligible patients were selected and grouped into hamstring (n=24) group and peroneus longus (n=29) after randomisation using simple block chit technique. Out of which 26 patients in PL group completed the follow-up while 20 patients in hamstring group completed the study. Results: In this study, out of 53 selected eligible patients 7 were lost to follow up. A total of 20 hamstring group and 26 peroneus longus group completed the study. Randomisation was done using simple chit technique to assign patients to individual group. Among the study group 39 were males while 14 were females. As per the mode of injury, sports injury(10PL/9HS) was most common followed marginally by road traffic accidents (10/7) and self-fall (7/10). Regarding surgical site infection hamstring group was more common as compared to PL group. Conclusion: PLT has a greater ultimate tensile load, more thickness and length, less graft harvesting time, and almost no donor site morbidity and has a good functional outcome of the knee, making it an effective and safe autograft option. So, PL autograft can be a promising graft of choice in the reconstruction of the ACL and can be much more beneficial in simultaneous multi-ligament injury repair in the knee joint
Chapter Five: Analysing Health and Education
Authors:   Department of Statistics, Ko Tee Hock Joseph
Published: October 2024

Chapter Five presents two important aspects of any socioeconomic studies, i.e. health and education. The health study refers specifically to dental health of Sarawak school children in Simanggang and Miri between August 1960 andMay1971.Analysis were made of dental caries by sex, age groups, ethnicity and geographical areas. Included also is a methodological study on the collection and usage of fertility and mortality statistics; reviewed are the vital registration system, direct approaches, multi-round survey and indirect techniques. Chapter five ends with a study on concept, rate and trend of literacy in Sarawak, analyses between 1947 and 1980 by ethnic group, strata, age-group, sex and compared with Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah.
Chapter One: Sarawak Population and Migration
Authors:   Department of Statictics, Ko Tee Hock Joseph
Published: October 2024

This journal opens with Chapter One focusing on the methods, issues and problems of analysing the temporal, spatial and growth of Sarawak population between 1947 and 1980 at the divisional and district levels. The uneven distribution and growth of population is both a cause and consequence of shifting population settlements through migration between districts and urban or rural areas. Details on this internal migration, especially its patterns and migrant characteristics are subsequently elaborated in the chapter which ends with a case study of Iban on the move by using the 1980 population and housing census data.
Chapter Three: Ethnic Distribution of Population
Authors: Ko Tee Hock Joseph
Published: October 2024

This chapter starts by exploring the different sources of population data from 1939 to 1980, the limitations and problems of inter-temporal comparisons, and changing patterns of population distribution. These are then followed by a socio-economic study of three ethnic groups in Sarawak, i.e. Iban, Minor Indigenous groups, and Chinese dialectic groups.
PENGARUH STORE ATMOSPHERE DAN PRICE FAIRNESS TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN DI TOKO NYONYA FASHION KOTA MANNA KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN
Authors: Intansari Hutila , Bustami Taufik
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine "The influence of store atmosphere and price fairness on customer satisfaction at the Nyonya Fashion store, Manna City, South Bengkulu Regency". Both partially and simultaneously. The type of research used is quantitative research. The population of this study was 130 people who had shopped at least twice at the Nyonya Fashion store, Manna City, South Bengkulu Regency, using the Incidental Sampling technique.       The collection technique uses a questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been tested. The data analysis technique used to answer the hypothesis is multiple regression. The results of this research show that: (1) the research results show a positive influence of the Store Atmosphere variable on Customer Satisfaction. Based on the results of the partial test, the t count was 2.454 and the regression coefficient was 0.307 with a significance of 0.015. (2) research results: There is a positive influence of the Price Fairness variable on Customer Satisfaction. Based on the results of the partial test, the t count was 8.479 and the regression coefficient was 1.357 with a significance of 0.000. (3) Simultaneous or joint test results obtained by Store Atmosphere and Price Fairness have a positive effect on Customer Satisfaction. This is proven by the test results obtained by the calculated f value of 140.309, with significance (0.000<0.050).
Keywords : Store Atmosphere, Price Fairness, Customer Satisfaction.
PENGARUH ONLINE CONSUMER REVIEW DAN ONLINE CONSUMER RATING TERHADAP ONLINE PURCHASE DECISION PRODUK WARDAH OFFICIAL SHOP MARKETPLACE SHOPEE (STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWI MANAJEMEN UMB)
Authors: Wulandari Amelia , Bahrun Khairul
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the influence of online consumer reviews and online consumer ratings on online purchase decisions of Wardah Official Shop products on the Shopee marketplace (case study on management students of UMB). This research is quantitative. The population in this study consists of 400 management students at UMB who use Wardah products. The object of this research is 180 management students at UMB who are consumers of Wardah products on the Shopee marketplace. In this study, the author used data collection methods through observation, interviews, and the distribution of questionnaires. The data analysis techniques used in this research include instrument tests, classical assumption tests, respondent response analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing, and determination coefficient analysis (R2). The results of this study indicate that online consumer reviews and online consumer ratings have a positive and significant effect on online purchase decisions.
Keywords : Online Consumer Review, Online Consumer Rating, Online Purchase Decision.
A Search for a New Model in Graffiti Art through the Synthesis of Eastern and Western Cultures with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Kahraman Mehmet Emin
Published: October 2024

The art of graffiti, closely associated with Hip Hop culture, has become an integral part of daily life as it is practiced in public spaces, capturing the attention particularly of younger generations. This characteristic distinguishes graffiti from other art disciplines. Moreover, graffiti is a versatile art form that easily adapts to the linguistic, religious, and racial attributes of different societies, offering a wide variety of techniques and applications. In each country, graffiti tends to reflect the culture of that nation, producing works that incorporate local cultural codes. As graffiti entered the advertising sector, it moved away from being seen as vandalism and took on an aesthetic quality, earning a place in art galleries and gaining recognition as an art discipline today. In this research, graffiti’s ability to quickly adapt to cultural differences is explored through the synthesis of Eastern and Western cultures using Artificial Intelligence (ChatGBT). The resulting works are analyzed, and recommendations are made for researchers interested in studying this field.
An Efficient Centralized Cluster Based Dynamic Load Balancing Mechanismusing Task scheduling in Cloud Computing
Authors: Jangra Ajay , Mangra Neeraj
Published: October 2024

Cloud computing is an influencing technology that emphasis on internet-oriented development and computing capabilities of machines. Factors like scalability, adaptability, availability, pay for use scheme, virtualization and data handling within infinite space make it as a good option to be adopted by customers. With all these benefits, cloud computing has intended several trends in the area of computing and there are still some challenges that users face and one of the most important is load balancing. In this paper, centralized load balancing algorithm has been proposed that dynamically balance the load and ensures overall performance of the system. It aims to serve both end users and service providers profitably by managing data efficiently and focus on achieving high resource utilization, reduced job rejections, improved computational capabilities and building a fault tolerant system by creating backups. The results of cluster-oriented load balancing algorithm show reduction in response time, communication overhead and improved processing time. The experimental results thus obtained are presented with a detailed discussion and a comparative analysis may be carried out for checking the merit of newly proposed idea.
Thematic English-language bibliography on the pecularities of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca Linnaeus, 1758) reproduction and first stages of its ontogenesis
Authors:   Institute of Fisheries of the NAAS, Kyiv, Simon M. , Polishchuk O. ,   Separate structural subdivision Nemishaevo professional college of the NULES, Nemishaevo
Published: October 2024

Purpose. To create a general bibliographic list of English-language scientific publications devoted to the peculiarities of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca Linnaeus, 1758) reproduction in natural and artificial conditions using various technologies as well as to briefly highlight English-language professional sources, in which the main attention is paid to the specifics of pikeperch development in the first stages of ontogenesis — starting from embryonic development and ending with the age-0+. Methodology. An interdisciplinary approach was used to create this thematic English-language bibliography. Its was based on the practical application of the principles of analytics and systematics. In turn, the limits of applicability of the latter were outlined by holistic and selective methods. The actual bibliographic core consists of sources that are found in the vast majority on the Internet, mostly with free access to the full texts. Findings. A thematic bibliography of 149 English-language sources is included. All of them are placed in alphabetical order by author or title and are drawn in accordance with the requirements of the State Standard of Ukraine (DSTU 8302:2015 “Information and documentation. Bibliographic reference. General provisions and rules of compilation” with amendments — UKND code 01.140.40) and the most common international standard (APA style). The absolute majority of the mentioned sources were published in the last 25 years in well-known international journals(«Aquaculture International», “Aquaculture Report”, “Aquatic Research”, “Biologia”, “Czech Journal of Animal Science”, “Ecology of Freshwater Fish”, “Fish Physiology and Biochemistry”, “Journal of Applied Ichthyology”, “Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems”, “North American Journal of Aquaculture”, “Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences”, etc.). Practical Value. The presented thematic English-language bibliography can be used in educational, research, organizational and other types of activities related to the reproduction and preservation of aquatic living biological resources in Ukraine and in other countries of the world. The sources given in it will deepen and supplement the knowledge of scientists and producers regarding the peculiarities of reproduction and ontogenesis of pikeperch at the stages from gastrula to the age-0+. Keywords: pikeperch (Sander lucioperca Linnaeus, 1758), aquaculture, reproduction, embryogenesis, ontogenesis, larvae, juvenile, yearlings.
Review Article on the Role of Vitamin C in the Prevention of COVID-19 or Viral Infection
Authors: Alveena Sadiq  , Aisha Sana  , Fatima Qamar  , Halima Sadia  , Saman Shahab
Published: October 2024

The corona virus disease COVID-19 has affected almost 2.5 million people and around 192 countries worldwide affected from this virus and day by day the number of death figure increases. The pathogen, initially isolated from a Chinese patient, was identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It primarily impacts the lungs, leading to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The initial symptoms are like flu i.e. fever flu and cough but by the time it converted into degradation of epithelial cells of lungs and huge release of cytokines named as cytokine storms and hyper activation of  other immune system process.to avoid these conditions in any viral infection that induce lungs injury Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) is considered as proposed therapy because Vitamin C has previously used for the treatment of severe sepsis, septic shock and SARS-Cov-1.Vitamin C  act as strong anti-oxidant and help to scavenge all the damage species and enhance immune function against infection and also inhibit the replication of virus.
Numerous findings from various clinical studies indicate that the administration of vitamin C, whether taken orally or intravenously, can diminish the impact of SAR-CoV-2. Given that healthcare workers and professionals are at an elevated risk in the community for COVID-19, incorporating vitamin C into the prevention and treatment strategies for the disease is advisable. Hence, Vitamin C by natural sources or supplement use is not necessary for treatment of any infection but it also prevent from many infections too.