bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Mobilization of Publics: The Articulation Between Women and Agribusiness Proposed by the Brazilian Confederation of Agriculture and Livestock
Authors: Luvizotto Caroline , Almeida Milena , Trindade Ana , Paiva Carla , Prestes Isadora
Published: December 2024

In recent decades, the Brazilian agribusiness sector’s communication has been regarded as an interactional action responsible for encouraging farmers to actively participate in a mutual exchange and learning process within the dynamics involving state agencies, production chains, consumption chains, and other elements related to the abribusiness sector. Considering this context, the Brazilian Confederation of Agriculture and Livestock (CNA) established the National Committee for Women in Agriculture (NCWA), an initiative aimed at increasing female participation in the Union System, in addition to developing female leaders in the agricultural sector. In view of data obtained by the Brazilian Agribusiness Association (ABAG) indicating that more than 30% of Brazilian rural properties are administered by women and that they have played a prominent role in addressing the issue of sustainability for the sector, the establishment of the Committee demonstrates a pursuit of mobilization of the female public toward agribusiness development. Thus, this study is aimed at tracing and understanding the dynamics of the digital communication used by CNA to mobilize the female public to participate in the National Committee for Women in Agriculture. The study's methodological approach includes reviewing the specialized literature and analyzing CNA’s social network communication geared toward mobilizing the female public, based on the Content Analysis methodology. Specifically, we collected Instagram, Facebook and Twitter posts released between August 10 and September 10, 2022, the Committee’s first month of operation. At the end of the study, we found that CNA has no mobilization actions in its networks and that its online communication channels adopt the rural extension known as productivist diffusionism, which prioritizes the transmission of information instead of the mobilization of publics for more active participation.
Effects of Time and Rate of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Phenology, Growth and Yield of Maize at Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Yadete Eshetu , Gurmu Sisay , Biya Muhidin
Published: December 2024

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important crops in Ethiopia in general and in the Jimma area in particular. However, its productivity is low due to the inadequate management of nitrogen fertilizer rates and inappropriate timing of fertilizer applications. Hence, a field experiment was conducted during the 2020-2022 main cropping seasons to determine the effect of different rates and times of nitrogen applications on phenology, growth, yield, and yield components of maize and to estimate the most economical rate and time of nitrogen fertilizer application. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of five rates of nitrogen (0, 46, 92,138 and 184kg N ha-1) and three times of application (Full at planting, 1/2 at planting +1/2 at the 5-leave stage, and 1/3 at planting+1/3 at 5-leave stage + 1/3 at booting). The result revealed that days to 50% tasseling, days to 90% physiological maturity, plant height, ear height, stem diameter, numbers of ears per plant, grain yield, above-ground dry biomass, and harvest index were significantly affected by either the main effects of N fertilizer rate or time of N application. The interaction of rates and time of nitrogen application affected considerably days to 50% silking. The highest mean grain yield (8355.60 kg ha-1) was recorded with applied N in three splits (1/3 at planting, 1/3 at the 5-leave stage, and 1/3 at booting) and the highest grain yield (9213.5 kg ha-1) was obtained from 184kg N ha-1. Grain yield was positively and /highly/ significantly association with days to maturity (r=35), height (r=0.30), ear height (r=0.24), girth (r=0.55), number of ears per plant (r=0.62), biomass yield (r=0.91), harvest index (r=0.35) while grain yield was negatively and/highly/ significantly association with days to tasseling (r=0.20) and days to silking (r=0.23). Partial budget analysis revealed that N in three split applications and 184kg N ha-1 rate realized the maximum net benefit of 208,311.10 Birr ha-1 and 226,380.2 Birr respectively. Therefore, based on the highest net benefit applying N in three splits (1/3 at planting, 1/3 at 5-leave stage, and 1/3 at booting) and 184kg N ha-1 application an economic yield response and also acceptable for farmers of study areas and similar agroecology.
Pre-Extension Demonstration of Crude Beeswax Extraction Technology in Ilu Gelan District, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Biyena Lalisa
Published: December 2024

The current bee wax production system remains underdeveloped among smallholder beekeepers due to lack the necessary expertise and methods for processing crude bee wax in Ethiopia. The study was conducted in the Ilu Gelan district with the goal of raising knowledge about the importance of bee wax for income generation. The farmers’ research extension group (FREG) was employed to demonstrate the method, with one FREG of 20 beekeepers at each appropriate site (kebele), for a total of 40 beekeepers. Crude beeswax materials, such as broken or dried combs and sefef, were used to produce pure bees wax blocks. Data were gathered from primary and secondary sources in both qualitative and quantitative forms. In-depth key informant interviews, focus groups discussion, and observations were used for qualitative data collection. Likewise checklists used for quantitative data. The qualitative data was examined using narrative response and content analysis approaches. Nonetheless, the quantitative data was analyzed using statistical tools for descriptive and inferential purposes. Overall, 58 participants obtained the knowledge required to act as future resources in the study area. The submerged crude beeswax rendering method yielded an average of 3.67 kg and 3.28 kg of pure beeswax from 10 kg of comb wax and sefef, respectively. A statistically significant (P< 0.05) yield difference was seen between submerged and sack jute methods of crude wax extraction using comb wax. Thus, through education and information sharing, it is essential to ensure technology's long-term survival in potential areas and with more beneficiaries through development efforts.
The Benefits of Agroforestry Coffee Production Systems: A Review
Authors: Nasiro Kalifa
Published: December 2024

Coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide and is consumed by approximately one-third of the world’s population. More than 80 developing countries have earned foreign currency from coffee. Coffee production systems vary from multi-strata agroforestry systems to full-sun monocultures. This literature review aimed to explore the benefits of agroforestry coffee production systems, in which coffee trees are planted together with forest trees, fruits, and timber trees. The question of whether coffee trees benefited from shade trees has not been clear for more than a century. Yield potential, competition for water and nutrients, and perceived lower economic performance compared to high-input monoculture coffee systems are central issues in this controversy. However, various case studies provide evidence that the economic performance of coffee agroforestry systems is equal to or better than that of unshaded plantations and/or plantations with higher input levels. Additionally, agroforestry systems provide several ecosystem services that might help sustain the production of multiple crops, improve farmers' livelihoods, and conserve biodiversity. In the face of climate change and the resulting rainfall decline and increased fluctuations in temperature extremes, tree shade appears to be an important climate adaptation coping strategy for smallholder farmers. Thus, shade can reduce the ecological and economic vulnerability of resource-poor smallholder farmers. Because of the long periods involved in tree growth, our understanding of agroforestry systems will be restricted if it depends only on experimental data. One way to improve our understanding and integrate scattered knowledge on coffee agroforestry is by using process-based models. Therefore, for the effective prediction of coffee growth dynamics, future research should integrate modeling that bridges gaps and can set the development of quantitative models predicting the growth and production of coffee.
Hybridizing Sustainability Metric Applications with Local Stakeholder Inputs: A life cycle assessment with a co-design demonstration
Authors: Cascadden Maggie , Heales Kylie , Kingston Matt , Heidak Pia , Jennings P. Devereaux
Published: December 2024

Sustainability standards have been criticized as being complex and overlapping, with unclear metrics and messy timelines—all of which have led to sustainability shortfalls. As part of the special issue on addressing sustainability metric shortcomings, we develop a hybridizing protocol for sustainability standards that elicits community stakeholder ideological predispositions, preferences, ratings, and heuristics and injects them into a prioritized, vetted metric in order to reduce immediate and longer-range life cycle impacts of corporate operations in the local ecosystem. We demonstrate our method using a quasi-field experiment, conducted by expert intermediary facilitators, in which community members co-design oil sands wetland reclamation and their choices are integrated into life cycle assessments (LCAs) of wetland designs and remediation products. Hybridizing LCA with local co-design not only generates an effective wetland-material choice, but reduces life cycle impacts and increases the likelihood of community acceptance.
Progress in Human Development in the World, 1990–2022: Evidence from Surface Measure of Human Development
Authors: Chaurasia Aalok Ranjan
Published: December 2024

This paper analyses the progress in human development across countries during the period 1990–2022 based on a surface measure of human development that has been developed for the purpose. The surface measure of human development addresses (HDS) the problems associated with aggregating the indexes of health, education and income by either arithmetic mean or geometric mean. The level of human development across countries based on the (HDS) is found to be similar to that obtained by the conventional HDI. The decomposition of the increase in the surface measure of human development during 1990–2021, although there are some difference in ranking, suggests that progress in the education index has been the main driver of human progress in the world during the last 30 years.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Persistent Thrombocytopenia among Pediatric Patients after Bone Marrow Transplant in Saudi Arabia: A 3-Year Retrospective Observational Analysis from Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Kanan Mohammed , Almotairi Abdullah , Alrumaih Faisal , Hammad Reem , Almotairi Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Background

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a crucial treatment for pediatric patients with various hematological, oncological, and genetic diseases. However, persistent thrombocytopenia (PT) post-transplantation poses a significant challenge, affecting recovery and prognosis.

Purpose

This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with PT in pediatric patients post-BMT, specifically in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study design was employed, involving pediatric patients who underwent BMT between January 2020 and January 2023. Clinical characteristics, laboratory results, treatment data, and outcomes were collected from electronic medical records. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with PT.

Results

Among the 77 pediatric patients in the study, no significant differences were observed in demographic characteristics, transplant types, or treatment modalities between early-onset and late-onset thrombocytopenia groups. However, the duration of thrombocytopenia post-transplant differed significantly between the groups, with early-onset cases experiencing shorter durations. Infections and graft-versus-host disease were common post-transplant complications. Chemotherapy and antiviral therapy were frequently administered treatments. Pediatric patients undergoing BMT are susceptible to PT, with varying durations based on the onset timing.

Conclusion

The study emphasizes the importance of risk assessment and tailored management to mitigate thrombocytopenia in pediatric BMT patients. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize therapeutic interventions for thrombocytopenia in this population.
Allergen immunotherapy
Authors: Boursiquot Jean-Nicolas , Gagnon Rémi , Quirt Jaclyn , Ellis Anne K.
Published: December 2024

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a potentially disease-modifying therapy that is effective for the treatment of allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis, allergic asthma and stinging insect hypersensitivity. The decision to proceed with AIT should be made on a case-by-case basis, based on a comprehensive evaluation of the patient, allergy testing and a thorough discussion with the patient about treatment goals, risks vs. benefits, and long-term commitment to the treatment plan. For those with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma, it is also important to consider individual patient factors, such as the degree to which symptoms can be reduced by avoidance measures and pharmacological therapy, the amount and type of medication required to control symptoms, the adverse effects of pharmacological treatment, and patient preferences.

Since AIT is associated with a risk of anaphylaxis, it should only be prescribed by physicians who are adequately trained in the treatment of allergic conditions. Furthermore, for subcutaneous therapy, injections must be given under medical supervision in clinics that are equipped to manage anaphylaxis. In this article, we review the indications and contraindications, patient selection criteria, and details regarding the administration, safety and efficacy of AIT for allergens other than foods. Immunotherapy for food allergy will be discussed in the Oral Immunotherapy article in this supplement.
Antibiotic prophylaxis in oral implant surgery in Germany: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Peter Jens-Uwe , Ladewig Johannes , Stoll Christian , Zolk Oliver
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Prophylactic antibiotics are used in dental implants to reduce infection risk and implant failure, especially benefiting patients with risk factors. However, evidence suggests that using clindamycin or extending antibiotics postoperatively has an unfavorable risk–benefit ratio.

Methods

This national cross-sectional study analyzed antibiotic prophylaxis during implant insertion across Germany. Dentists from the German Society for Oral Implantology (DGOI) provided demographic information and data on the next 10 consecutive implant patients, including age, sex, risk factors, type of implantation, and antibiotic details.

Results

103 dentists participated, providing data on 1040 patients. Most dentists were male and aged 30–64. Patients were evenly split between genders, with an average age of 51 years. Antibiotics were administered in 87.6% of all cases, more frequently for patients undergoing bone augmentation (OR 7.01, p < 0.0001), immediate (OR 3.11, p = 0.002) or delayed (OR 5.30, p < 0.0001) implant insertion, and those with cardiovascular disease (OR 3.24, p = 0.009). 74.8% of implantologists tended to use antibiotic prophylaxis routinely, while the remaining implantologists decided on a case-by-case basis. Implantologists primarily used aminopenicillins for 63.8% of prescriptions and clindamycin for the remaining 35.6%. Additionally, 78.8% of patients with prophylaxis received postoperative, multi-day treatments.

Conclusions

The study reveals extensive antibiotic use for perioperative prophylaxis in implant surgery, often not justified by current recommendations, particularly concerning the choice of antibiotic (e.g., clindamycin) and duration (e.g., postoperative use). Specialized clinical guidelines and targeted training for dentists on antibiotic prophylaxis are needed.

Graphical Abstract
Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Expanding Cornerstone of Care in the Era of Immunotherapy
Authors: Magyar Christian Tibor Josef , O'Kane Grainne Mary , Aceituno Laia , Li Zhihao , Vogel Arndt , Bruix Jordi , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Sapisochin Gonzalo
Published: December 2024

Liver transplantation (LT) has been accepted as a cornerstone of care in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for almost three decades. In recent years, its role has been evolving to include patients with disease burden beyond the widely used Milan criteria. The integration of dynamic biomarkers such as alpha-fetoprotein together with downstaging approaches and tumor evolution after enlistment has allowed the selection of patients most likely to benefit, resulting in 5-year survival rates greater that 70%. With the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) across all stages of disease, alone or in combination with locoregional therapies, there is now the potential to further expand the patient population with HCC who may benefit from LT. This brings challenges, given the global shortage of organs and the need to better understand the optimal use of ICIs before transplantation. Furthermore, the field of transplant oncology awaits additional biomarkers that can predict those likely to benefit from ICIs. More than ever, a multidisciplinary approach for liver cancer management is critical to ensure all patients are considered for LT where appropriate, and do not miss the opportunity for long-term survival.
The Black Atlantic Monthly: Nicholas Said and the Limits of Literary Citizenship
Authors: Dworkin Ira
Published: December 2024

This article argues that Nicholas Said’s “A Native of Bornoo” exposes the limits of literary and political inclusion in the Atlantic Monthly, where it was published in 1867, and in the larger cultural milieu the magazine represents. Said arrived in the United States in 1860 as a freed person after a period of enslavement in Africa, Asia, and Europe, and with “A Native of Bornoo” he reached the seeming pinnacle of white literary culture. Although Said served in the US Civil War, he wrote nothing about his experience in the war. Instead of using his US bona fides as a war veteran to appeal for citizenship, he wrote about his homeland in today’s northeast Nigeria, a part of the world the he recognized as “so imperfectly known to the civilized nations of Europe and America.” Said uses the pages of the Atlantic to inscribe African intellectual, political, and military history onto a site of European/American ignorance, ultimately refusing incorporation into a US national project in a manner that is instructive for reading a wider tradition of Black writing in North America.
Rest Cure versus Rest Tour: The Queer Routes of White Women’s Health
Authors: Lockwood Samaine
Published: December 2024

This article explores how queer feminisms of the first wave relied on white supremacism and US exceptionalism to contest medical discourses about neurasthenia and sexual inversion. In particular, the author analyzes theories of women’s health, physical mobility, and sensitivity to civilization advanced by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, particularly in her short story “The Yellow Wall-Paper,” as well as by members of the Women’s Rest Tour Association (WRTA), a late nineteenth-century collectivity of women committed to traveling abroad without men. Constellating Gilman’s contestation of S. Weir Mitchell’s rest cure with Mitchell’s writings, as well as the archival records of the WRTA’s innovative rest tour, reveals the roots of white women’s self-care practices and their biopolitical investments. We also gain insight into how queer communities have long leveraged discourses of family, whiteness, and “civilized” cultural inheritance to forge a space for themselves and their loved ones within mainstream US culture. These insights are particularly valuable in our current historical moment as we continue to suffer the consequences of and learn from the immobilities suffered during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as ongoing threats to women’s health and reproductive freedom.
Xenophobia and Labor Migration in a Global Perspective: The Case of Colonial Burma, 1820–1940
Authors: Lucassen Leo
Published: December 2024

This Burmese–Indian case study breaks new ground in global labor history on the question of why and how people turn against immigrant workers. The widespread riots against Indians in the 1930s were far from unique and, beyond their idiosyncratic South Asian and colonial context, bear a number of interesting similarities with clashes between workers worldwide in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Instead of dismissing mob violence in Asia and Africa as communal or tribal, the Burma case study shows that such Orientalist interpretations hide fundamental mechanisms that explain why and how violent collective conflicts between workers are rooted in attributed group characteristics. As in Europe and the Americas, in other parts of the world the rise of the nation state mobilized nativist sentiments.
An Unfair Fight: Why Labor Unions and Dust Bowl Migrants Were Defeated in California's Fields during the Great Depression
Authors: Shaw Christopher W.
Published: December 2024

Among the many different groups that have labored in California's fields over the years, scholars have singled out white migrants during the Great Depression from Oklahoma and adjacent states—often referred to as “Okies”—as particularly anti-union. This ostensible aversion to labor unions—attributed to the group's cultural characteristics—allegedly precluded agricultural unionization during the period, derailing organized labor in the fields of Depression-era California. In fact, cultural traits had an equivocal influence and do not explain this outcome. Instead, structural factors determined the prospects for farm unions during the Depression.
Kinematics and energetics of the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria) when jumping from compliant surfaces
Authors: Taylor Jessica , Deeming D. Charles , Sutton Gregory P.
Published: December 2024

Animals often leap from substrates that give way under them, such as leaves, soft ground or flexible branches. This provides an added complexity for latch-mediated spring-actuated (LaMSA) jumping animals because the spring-loaded system often works so quickly that neural feedback cannot adjust for errors caused by a yielding substrate. We studied a LaMSA jumper, the grasshopper, to determine how the mechanical properties of a substrate giving way under them would affect the kinematics of the jump. We measured this by allowing grasshoppers to leap from two diving boards, a long one that could generate a whole range of relative stiffnesses, and a shorter, much lighter, but stiffer board. Substrate stiffness was manipulated by then placing the grasshopper on different locations on that diving board, presenting from 30% of the grasshopper's leg stiffness to 200 times the grasshoppers leg stiffness. For platform stiffnesses that were less than that of the grasshopper, take-off velocity and kinetic energy were reduced, but jump elevation (the jump trajectory) was unaffected. For stiffnesses that were greater than that of the grasshopper, there was no effect on take-off velocity and kinetic energy. When jumping from an extremely light and stiff substrate, recoil of the surface allowed the grasshopper to recover some of the lost energy. Consequently, when jumping from substrates that are less stiff than they are (such as floppy leaves), grasshoppers must contend with lower take-off velocities, but jump direction is unaffected.
The metabolic cost of producing joint moments is greater at the hip than at the ankle
Authors: Fallah Negin , Beck Owen N.
Published: December 2024

Older adults walk using their hips relatively more and their ankles relatively less than young adults. This ‘distal-to-proximal redistribution’ in leg joint mechanics is thought to drive the age-related increase in metabolic rate during walking. However, many morphological differences between hip and ankle joints make it difficult to predict how, or whether, the distal-to-proximal redistribution affects metabolic rate during walking. To address this uncertainty, we compared the metabolic rate of participants while they repeatedly produced isolated hip and ankle moment cycles on a dynamometer following biofeedback. Overall, participants produced greater joint moments at their ankle versus hip and correspondingly activated their largest ankle extensor muscle more than their largest hip extensor muscle. Cycle average muscle activation across other hip and ankle extensors was nondifferent. Despite producing greater joint moments using slightly more relative muscle activation at the ankle, participants expended more net metabolic power while producing moments at the hip. Therefore, producing joint extension moments at the hip requires more metabolic energy than that at the ankle. Our results support the notion that the distal-to-proximal redistribution of joint mechanics contribute to greater metabolic rate during walking in older versus young adults.
O Carl Schmitt και τα δύο πρόσωπα της κριτικής
Authors: Τσαλακός Κωνσταντίνος
Published: December 2024

Είναι δυνατόν να επικαιροποιήσουμε συγκεκριμένα σχήματα ή έννοιες της σμιτιανής σκέψης, όπως η κυριαρχία, η συντακτική εξουσία ή το πολιτικό, που αναπτύχθηκαν κατά τη διάρκεια της Δημοκρατίας της Βαϊμάρης; Ή μήπως η εμπλοκή του συγγραφέα τους με τον εθνικοσοσιαλισμό αποκαλύπτει αναδρομικά μια σταθερή και ενδογενή ροπή τους προς το ναζισμό, τέτοια ώστε κάθε μετέπειτα χρήση τους να καθίσταται αδύνατη; Η βασική θέση που υποστηρίζεται στη διατριβή είναι ότι οποιαδήποτε απόπειρα επιστροφής στον Schmitt κινδυνεύει να εκτραπεί προς εντελώς άγονες οδούς, εάν δεν λάβει υπόψη μια θεμελιώδη αντίφαση, που σχετίζεται με τη μέθοδο εσωτερικής δόμησης των εννοιών του από το 1922 μέχρι το 1931. Στον πυρήνα της βρίσκονται δύο, ασύμβατες μεταξύ τους, ερμηνείες της λειτουργίας της οριακής περίστασης, μια εξαιρετικά γόνιμη και μια βαθιά προβληματική. Η δε στοίχιση του γερμανού νομικού με τον ναζισμό μπορεί να εξηγηθεί, τουλάχιστον εν μέρει, υπό το πρίσμα της βαθμιαίας επικράτησης της δεύτερης αυτής ερμηνευτικής τάσης στη σκέψη του έναντι της πρώτης. Συνεπώς, κάθε απόπειρα επικαιροποίησης ή μεταφοράς των εννοιών του νομικού από το Plettenberg στο σήμερα προϋποθέτει μια εργασία όχι πια μόνο με αλλά και ενάντια στον Schmitt.
STAFF ATTRACTION AND RETENTION: INCENTIVE EMPLOYEES AND AUTOMATION OF KEY PROCESSES
Authors: Zaharov D. , Kashtanova YEkatyerina , Lobacheva A.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the Russian labor market and considers organizations that are forced to adapt to existing realities, attract and retain qualified personnel, including in conditions of limited resources. In addition, there is a persistent trend towards automation of many HR management processes, which has practically stopped in the past few years. In particular, the functions of recruitment, selection, hiring, adaptation and training of personnel are automated. Automation of the performance of functions, including HR management functions, becomes an additional incentive for personnel in the event that a significant increase in the amount of material incentives is impossible. General trends allow us to conclude that investments in the automation of HR management functions are generally growing. At the same time, automation has become multifaceted. The automation process is associated with the need to combine information systems, the involvement of the organization’s management and personnel, the development of a methodological base, and the solution of integration issues. The size of organizations affects which risks and problems are most relevant for organizations. Large organizations experience difficulties due to the inclusion of new automated systems in the general integrated information system of the corporation due to the territorial dispersion and remoteness of the company’s offices.
A otra escala. Antonio Fernández Alba, la ciudad y el territorio.
Authors: Pérez Escolano Víctor
Published: December 2024

Antonio Fernández Alba, arquitecto y académico de renombre, dejó un legado significativo en el
campo de la arquitectura y la enseñanza antes de su fallecimiento en 2024. Nacido en 1927 y
titulado en 1957, comenzó su carrera periodística en 1953, contribuyendo a diversas publicaciones
que reflejaron su compromiso con la innovación arquitectónica y cultural. Su obra se destacó por
una profunda atención a la realidad urbana y por su labor docente en la Escuela de Arquitectura
de Madrid, donde promovió un enfoque pedagógico exigente y la formación de equipos.
Reconocido con el Premio Nacional de Arquitectura por su Convento del Rollo, su trayectoria
abarcó también proyectos de pueblos de colonización para el Instituto Nacional de Colonización,
como Cerralba y El Priorato, donde su diseño integró la arquitectura con el entorno. En la década
de 1960, se unió al grupo El Paso, contribuyendo a un nuevo regionalismo arquitectónico. A lo
largo de su vida, Fernández Alba publicó numerosos textos críticos que exploraban la relación
entre arquitectura y ciudad, así como reflexiones sobre la crisis urbana bajo el franquismo. Su
obra se caracterizó por un enfoque humanista y por la búsqueda de un diálogo entre el espacio
arquitectónico y su contexto cultural e histórico. A través de su escritura y proyectos, Alba se
consolidó como una figura clave en la arquitectura contemporánea española, comprometido con
la renovación cultural y la salvaguarda del patrimonio
Una arquitectura de transición. Los primeros colegios de Antonio Fernández Alba.
Authors: Martínez Gutiérrez Raquel
Published: December 2024

El arquitecto Antonio Fernández Alba tuvo un papel crucial en la renovación del lenguaje
arquitectónico en España en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Su interés por la educación, tanto
como docente como en su labor de proyectista, se manifestó en todas las etapas escolares, desde
la educación infantil hasta la instrucción universitaria.
Este texto analiza tres colegios proyectados por Fernández Alba durante una década, de 1959 a
1968: el Colegio Nuestra Señora Santa María, el Colegio Montfort y el Colegio Aula Nueva. Estos
proyectos incorporan espacios de transición que conectan no solo el exterior y el interior, sino la
arquitectura con la naturaleza y la escuela con la sociedad. A través del uso del patio interior y los
espacios de tránsito, se resuelven las demandas de la nueva pedagogía de la época.
Los espacios de transición cumplen no solo funciones prácticas, sino que enriquecen la experiencia
educativa. Fernández Alba sigue así los postulados de Pestalozzi y Roth, al considerar la escuela
una extensión del hogar y un lugar de integración social.
Sensibilidad y sentido: reflejos en el espejo de las artes. (Antonio Fernández Alba, 1927-2024).
Authors: Marchán Fiz Simón
Published: December 2024

Antonio Fernández Alba (1927-2024) fue una figura crucial en la arquitectura española desde la
segunda mitad del siglo XX, conocida por su enfoque interdisciplinario y su interés en la
integración de las artes. Durante los años 50 y 60, Alba desarrolló un estilo sensible a las corrientes
de vanguardia, inspirándose en la abstracción geométrica, el suprematismo y el arte no figurativo,
explorando pintura y escultura en paralelo a su labor arquitectónica. Colaboró con figuras de
renombre como José L. Fernández del Amo y formó parte del Grupo El Paso (Martín Chirino,
Antonio Saura, M. Millares, Pablo Serrano,), que impulsaba una modernidad en ruptura con el
pasado. Su obra y pensamiento reflejan una defensa de la “integración de las artes”, un ideal que
buscaba enriquecer la arquitectura a través de la colaboración con otras disciplinas artísticas.
Fernández Alba también se desempeñó como crítico y ensayista, denunciando el agotamiento de
la arquitectura moderna en su deriva hacia el formalismo y la postmodernidad. Su idealismo ético
y social se manifestó en su compromiso con la comunidad, así como en su labor como presidente
del Museo Español de Arte Contemporáneo, Centro de Investigaciones de Nuevas Formas
Expresivas, y en la restauración del Edificio Sabatini como sede del Museo Reina Sofía. Su legado
destaca por una búsqueda constante de autenticidad y responsabilidad cultural, abordando la
arquitectura no solo como una disciplina técnica, sino como un proyecto utópico y humanista, en
sintonía con la tradición utópica expresionista alemana que tanto le unía al filósofo y amigo
Emilio Lledó, centrado en los valores de la modernidad y el progreso, los cuales reivindicó hasta
sus últimos años.
Code and Data Repository for Two-Stage Estimation and Variance Modeling for Latency-Constrained Variational Quantum Algorithms
Authors: Ha Yunsoo , Shashaani Sara , Menickelly Matt
Published: December 2024

The key idea behind the proposed algorithm involves constructing two separate local models in each iteration: a model of the objective function, and a model of the variance of the objective function. Exploiting the variance model allows us to both restrict the number of communications with the quantum computer, and also helps navigate the nonconvex objective landscapes typical in the QAOA optimization problems.
A dietary analysis of Phyllostomus discolor with potential evidence of mammal predation
Authors: Rodríguez-Segovia Marco A. , Brito Jorge , Ordóñez-Garza Nicté
Published: December 2024

Phyllostomus discolor es considerado omnívoro, con un alto consumo de néctar.  Nunca se ha documentado el consumo de vertebrados en P. discolor.  Sin embargo, hay un ataque documentado a Eptesicus furinalis y se encontraron restos de rana debajo de una colonia de esta especie.  Obtuvimos una muestra fecal de P. discolor, que contenía un registro potencial de depredación en mamíferos.  El principal objetivo de este estudio fue comparar esta muestra con la anatomía de algunos pequeños mamíferos presentes en el Chocó, así como reportar otros hallazgos de esta muestra.  Se contrastó una parte de la muestra con fotografías de garras de murciélagos y roedores.  Aplicamos un análisis PCA para comparar esta parte de la muestra con el tamaño de las garras de murciélagos y roedores.  Usamos guías de campo y literatura para identificar insectos, semillas y minerales.  La muestra contenía insectos, grava, una semilla, espinas y una garra.  Las espinas encontradas estaban morfológicamente más relacionadas con las espinas identificadas en Neacomys marci en comparación con Heteromys australis.  Aunque la forma y el tamaño de la garra eran similares a los de N. marci, algunos murciélagos tenían una apariencia similar y las diferencias eran pequeñas.  Esta nota representaría el primer registro potencial de P. discolor cazando un mamífero en condiciones naturales, pero recomendamos análisis y comparaciones adicionales sobre su composición dietética.
First record of a Physalopteridae parasitizing a specimen of Bassariscus astutus from Hidalgo, México
Authors: Aquino-Camacho Mitzi F. , Lira-Guerrero Georgina , Falcón-Ordaz Jorge
Published: December 2024

El estudio de helmintos en los Procyonidae de México es escaso, registrándose 4 especies de acantocéfalos, 8 especies de nematodos y 6 especies de platelmintos.  Para Bassariscus astutus se conocen los céstodos Mesocestoides bassarisci y Taenia pencei, así como larvas de nematodos sin identificar.  El objetivo del presente trabajo es agregar un nuevo registro de un nematodo a la helmintofauna que parasita B. astutus.  Se obtuvieron 4 B. astutus muertos en 3 localidades del estado de Hidalgo.  Las vísceras de los hospederos fueron revisadas, encontrándose un nematodo en el estómago de un hospedero.  El helminto fue fijado y mantenido en alcohol al 70 % para su identificación.  Una larva, en tercer estadio de desarrollo, de la familia Physalopteridae fue identificada por contar con 2 pseudolabios laterales en la región cefálica, formados por 3 labios.  El labio medio tiene 4 dientes, 3 internolabiales y 1 externolabial.  Cada labio lateral presenta un área rugosa.  Por último, la región cefálica se encuentra rodeada por un pliegue cuticular llamado capuchón.  Este es el primer registro de un Physalopteridae parasitando B. astutus en México.  En la familia Physalopteridae se encuentran los géneros Physaloptera y Turgida, ambos exhiben 4 dientes en el labio medio, nuestro ejemplar al exhibir los rasgos anteriores además de la presencia de un capuchón, se podría considerar miembro del género Turgida.  Sin embargo, debido a la ausencia del número de ramas uterinas que diferencian  a los adultos de ambos géneros, no podemos confirmar que se trate de Turgida.
New field records document the survival of the Altamira jackrabbit (Lepus altamirae)
Authors: Cervantes Fernando A. , Cruz-Reséndiz Gabriel A. , Hernández Mauricio
Published: December 2024

Lepus altamirae es una liebre poco conocida del noreste de México.  Recientemente se restableció su validez taxonómica y se alertó sobre la ausencia de sus registros de campo.  Se redescubrió recientemente, pero desconocemos su distribución geográfica completa y si sobrevive en su localidad tipo.  Este estudio pretende confirmar su presencia en su localidad tipo y contribuir con recomendaciones para su supervivencia.  Buscamos liebres en caminos y brechas utilizando un carro y caminando en áreas naturales y perturbadas en Altamira y sus alrededores de junio a agosto de 2020.  Anotamos los registros visuales de las liebres encontradas y pedimos permiso a cetreros encontrados casualmente para usar sus datos de captura de liebres.  Confirmamos la identificación taxonómica de las liebres con referencias especializadas.  No encontramos liebres en la localidad tipo, cuyo habitat ya se encuentra degradado, pero registramos visualmente ejemplares en las inmediaciones de Altamira.  Asimismo, encontramos registros adicionales de L. altamirae en la literatura científica y en un portal de ciencia ciudadana que muestran localidades donde previamente se desconocía su presencia en distintas direcciones geográficas de la localidad tipo, incluyendo el estado de Veracruz.  Lepus altamirae ya no existe en su localidad tipo, en donde se ha incrementado su nivel de urbanización.  Sin embargo, se sabe de su presencia en áreas que incrementan su distribución geográfica previamente conocida.  Se requiere continuar explorando su distribución potencial para proponer medidas apropiadas para su conservación, además de promover la inclusión de su nombre en las listas de mamíferos mexicanos.
Mississippi Log Trucking Liability Insurance Premiums: A Hedonic Analysis
Authors: Shannon James T. , McConnell T. Eric
Published: December 2024

Rising liability insurance premiums have negatively impacted log trucking businesses in Mississippi and across the southeastern United States. A statewide mixed-mode log trucking business owner survey was used to study factors impacting liability insurance for Mississippi timber transportation. A hedonic regression model was developed to identify operational characteristics that significantly influenced insurance premiums. Marginal implicit prices were calculated to reveal an average per unit monetary contribution of each significant attribute while holding the others constant. The 3-year inflation-adjusted average for Mississippi companies was $12,466 per truck per year, with a minimum value of $4,000 per truck per year and a maximum of $24,404 per truck per year (all values in US$). On average, each year of owner experience provided a mean insurance premium discount of $72.42. Each additional 1,000 miles (1600 km) traveled by log trucks at the mean insurance premium was valued at $50.00; each safety violation was valued at $3,322; and an overweight violation was valued at $1,311. Implementation of safety practices and safety equipment did not significantly impact insurance premiums. Companies were not directly rewarded for using safety equipment and safety practices but were penalized through increased policy rates when cited for safety and overweight violations. Investing in safety practices (e.g., regular truck inspections, truck driver training, repair and maintenance programs, etc.) and safety equipment (truck scales, cameras, truck tracking, telematics, etc.) would reduce roadside inspection citations and crashes, which contribute to rising liability insurance premiums.
British unpaid carers’ perspectives on what impacts their resilience when providing end-of-life care at home: a scoping review
Authors: Gould Samantha Joan , Borgstrom Erica , Garcia Rebecca , Wee Bee , McCallum Kay
Published: December 2024

Support from family or friends is fundamental to people dying at home. Understanding what impacts unpaid carer resilience is essential if services are to support them effectively. Seven databases were searched using a scoping review methodology. Delimiters included date, geographical area and language. A total of 647 articles were identified, with 11 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Most studies focused on coping strategies (n = 9), not resilience. Nearly all identified studies involved bereaved carers (n = 9), with no studies focusing purely on current unpaid carer experience. Further research is needed to explore what current unpaid carers identify as impacting their resilience.
High-Speed Chemical Imaging via Compressive Raman Microspectroscopy
Authors: de Aguiar Hilton
Published: December 2024

I will introduce the concept of compressive Raman imaging: by exploiting the sparsity and redundancy in Raman data sets, one can considerably simplify and speed up the spectral image acquisition, reaching speeds compatible with video-rate imaging by detecting just a handful of photons. I will discuss the different ways of performing compressive Raman, in particular focusing on challenges for bio-imaging, and also show more recent results applied to long-time imaging of electrochemical systems.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
In-line spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) for monitoring pharmaceutical isolation processes
Authors: Al-Attili Mais , Ferreira Carla , Price Chris , Faulds Karen , Chen Yi-Chieh
Published: December 2024

This study reports the use of SORS for in-line monitoring of a challenging model system on drying and finds improved performance from the offset configurations with the potential of capturing sample non-uniformity during the drying process.
Photonic Biosensors for Point-of-Care Diagnostics
Authors: Soler Maria
Published: December 2024

Photonic biosensors hold a unique potential to become the next-generation diagnostic tools, offering a versatile technology for rapid and sensitive clinical analysis in a label-free format and integrated in point-of-care devices.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
The Broadband Aluminum Oxide Integrated Photonics Platform: Applications in Spectroscopy
Authors: Bonneville Dawson , Hendriks Ward , Chahir Nadia , Dijkstra Meindert , García-Blanco Sonia
Published: December 2024

The Al2O3 waveguide platform demonstrates broadband operation with low loss, enabling UV enhanced Raman spectroscopy that is spectrally separated from autofluorescence. Material fabrication, recent results, and future work towards sensing and integration will be discussed.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Multiple greenhouse gas sensor based on integrated photonic spectral correlation
Authors: Dallaire Simon , Hamel Antoine , Cheriton Ross , Weber John , Vachon Martin , Wang Shurui , Xu Dan-Xia , Cheben Pavel , Janz Siegfried , Schmid Jens H. , Vanier Francis , Gagnon Daniel
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a novel multi-gas sensor based on a spectral correlation integrated photonic chip. It expected to monitor a wide dynamic range of four gases in industrial conditions.
Surface Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy to Detect Harmful Compounds as SARIN Gas or Vanillin
Authors: Taliercio Thierry , Fehlen Pierre , Thomas Guillaume , Gonzalez Posada Fernando , Guise Julien , Najem Melissa , Cerutti Laurent , Spitzer Denis
Published: December 2024

Heavily doped semiconductor or aluminium-based plasmonic resonators have been developed to detect organophosphorus gas or vanillin molecules by surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Miniaturized, powerful and broadband radiation sources for near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Schossig Marco
Published: December 2024

New developments towards miniaturized, powerful and broadband near-infrared (NIR) radiation sources are presented and compared to the most commonly used light source in near-infrared spectroscopy, the tungsten incandescent light bulb.
Quantitative Photoacoustic Spectroscopy of Gases and Aerosols
Authors: Bozoki Zoltan
Published: December 2024

IExamples of successful implementation of the photoacoustic gas concentration measurement method in various applications including oil and natural gas industry, soil science, airborne and exhaust measurements, etc. are given. Furthermore, the unique application possibilities opened up by the use of the combination of an external cavity mid-infrared interband cascade laser combined with a dual cell photoacoustic system are discussed.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Spectroscopy for Everyday Life: Precision Agriculture, Food and Healthcare
Authors: Saadany Bassam
Published: December 2024

In this talk, we discuss the use of micro spectrometers – as tiny optical sensors- with lab-grade performance for precision agriculture, food testing as well as healthcare applications. Showing how the small size, light weight and scalability of a MEMS based sensor enables in-field testing through hand-held and connected scanners. We will be showing the widespread use of applications and the positive impact in real life examples.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Spectroscopy and Disinfection Byproducts in Water Treatment
Authors: Wagner Christoph
Published: December 2024

This study presents UV/VIS and fluorescence measurements to predict disinfection byproducts in drinking water. Data indicates good correlations, highlighting these techniques' potential for real-time monitoring and improving water safety and quality control.

Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Portable Shifted Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy: Towards Qualitative and Quantitative On-site Soil Analysis
Authors: Sowoidnich Kay , Pätzold Stefan , Ostermann Markus , Maiwald Martin , Sumpf Bernd
Published: December 2024

Portable shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy effectively overcomes fluorescence and ambient light interference during on-site soil investigations. This enables to identify selected soil components and to predict the contents of carbonate and soil organic carbon.
Metalens-based snapshot ptychography
Authors: Wang Xiao , Chen Ni , Wang Chengyu , Froech Johannes , Majumdar Arka , Brady David J.
Published: December 2024

We demonstrate a wavefront camera using a metalens. The metalens consists of a 5 by 5 array of overlapping focal apertures. We use a hybrid neural phase retrieval algorithm to image remote complex valued fields.