bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The power and promise of genetic mapping from Plasmodium falciparum crosses utilizing human liver-chimeric mice
Authors: Button-Simons Katrina A. , Kumar Sudhir , Carmago Nelly , Haile Meseret T. , Jett Catherine , Checkley Lisa A. , Kennedy Spencer Y. , Pinapati Richard S. , Shoue Douglas A. , McDew-White Marina , Li Xue , Nosten François H. , Kappe Stefan H. , Anderson Timothy J. C. , Romero-Severson Jeanne , Ferdig Michael T. , Emrich Scott J. , Vaughan Ashley M. , Cheeseman Ian H.
Published: June 2021

Genetic crosses are most powerful for linkage analysis when progeny numbers are high, parental alleles segregate evenly and numbers of inbred progeny are minimized. We previously developed a novel genetic crossing platform for the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, an obligately sexual, hermaphroditic protozoan, using mice carrying human hepatocytes (the human liver-chimeric FRG NOD huHep mouse) as the vertebrate host. We report on two genetic crosses—(1) an allopatric cross between a laboratory-adapted parasite (NF54) of African origin and a recently patient-derived Asian parasite, and (2) a sympatric cross between two recently patient-derived Asian parasites. We generated 144 unique recombinant clones from the two crosses, doubling the number of unique recombinant progeny generated in the previous 30 years. The allopatric African/Asian cross has minimal levels of inbreeding and extreme segregation distortion, while in the sympatric Asian cross, inbred progeny predominate and parental alleles segregate evenly. Using simulations, we demonstrate that these progeny provide the power to map small-effect mutations and epistatic interactions. The segregation distortion in the allopatric cross slightly erodes power to detect linkage in several genome regions. We greatly increase the power and the precision to map biomedically important traits with these new large progeny panels.
Hydroclimate changes in eastern Africa over the past 200,000 years may have influenced early human dispersal
Authors: Schaebitz Frank , Asrat Asfawossen , Lamb Henry F. , Cohen Andrew S. , Foerster Verena , Duesing Walter , Kaboth-Bahr Stefanie , Opitz Stephan , Viehberg Finn A. , Vogelsang Ralf , Dean Jonathan , Leng Melanie J. , Junginger Annett , Ramsey Christopher Bronk , Chapot Melissa S. , Deino Alan , Lane Christine S. , Roberts Helen M. , Vidal Céline , Tiedemann Ralph , Trauth Martin H.
Published: June 2021

Reconstructions of climatic and environmental conditions can contribute to current debates about the factors that influenced early human dispersal within and beyond Africa. Here we analyse a 200,000-year multi-proxy paleoclimate record from Chew Bahir, a tectonic lake basin in the southern Ethiopian rift. Our record reveals two modes of climate change, both associated temporally and regionally with a specific type of human behavior. The first is a long-term trend towards greater aridity between 200,000 and 60,000 years ago, modulated by precession-driven wet-dry cycles. Here, more favorable wetter environmental conditions may have facilitated long-range human expansion into new territory, while less favorable dry periods may have led to spatial constriction and isolation of local human populations. The second mode of climate change observed since 60,000 years ago mimics millennial to centennial-scale Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles and Heinrich events. We hypothesize that human populations may have responded to these shorter climate fluctuations with local dispersal between montane and lowland habitats.
Natural zeolite supported Ni catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of anisole
Authors: Yan Penghui , Kennedy Eric , Stockenhuber Michael
Published: June 2021

High-temperature desorbed H2 plays the crucial role in the hydrogenation reactions. Natural zeolite Escott supported Ni displays the highest activity among the catalysts due to the highest concentration of high-temperature desorbed H2.
A highly chlorinated xylene promoter for ethylene–propylene copolymerisation over a vanadium catalyst
Authors: Salakhov Ildar , Tkacheva Elena , Kozlov Valeriy , Galanin Dmitriy , Sakhabutdinov Anas
Published: June 2021

Hexachloro-p-xylene was found to be an effective promoter of olefin copolymerisation in the presence of vanadium catalyst, which increases the activity severalfold, enhances propylene incorporation in the copolymer, and results in a more homogeneous polymer.
Fluorescence assay for the sensitive detection of fipronil based on an “on–off” oxidized SWCNH/aptamer sensor
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Feng Tingting , Zhang Jiayu , Liang Ning , Zhao Longshan
Published: June 2021

Schematic illustration of the oxidized SWCNH/FAM-aptamer fluorescence sensor for the detection of fipronil.
Magnetic-field-assisted deposition of self-assembling crystallite layers of Co2+-containing layered double hydroxides
Authors: Vieira Daniel E. L. , Cardoso João P. V. , Fedorchenko Alexey V. , Fertman Elena L. , Čižmár Erik , Feher Alexander , Babkin Roman Yu. , Pashkevich Yurii G. , Brett Christopher M. A. , Vieira Joaquim M. , Salak Andrei N.
Published: June 2021

Magnetic anisotropy of cobalt in the LDH crystallites is caused by clusters with honeycomb-type cation coordination of Co2+.
Uncommon carbene-to-azole ligand rearrangement of N-heterocyclic carbenes in a ruthenium system
Authors: Zhang Bo , Duan Yu’ai , Zhang Xin , Guo Shuai
Published: June 2021

A new type of NHC-to-azole rearrangement in a well-defined Ru system, during which process the carbene backbone and the aryl substituent are both non-innocent, has been reported.
Dynamic effects in crystalline coordination polymers
Authors: Rath Bibhuti Bhusan , Vittal Jagadese J.
Published: June 2021

Dynamic macroscopic behaviour of single crystals of coordination polymers when subjected to light, heat, and mechanical force.
Spin–spin interactions and spin delocalisation in a doped organic semiconductor probed by EPR spectroscopy
Authors: Tait Claudia E. , Reckwitz Anna , Arvind Malavika , Neher Dieter , Bittl Robert , Behrends Jan
Published: June 2021

EPR reveals a range of different environments for spins introduced into P3HT films by molecular doping with F4TCNQ and BCF, characterised by different interaction strengths with dopant radical anions and different extents of charge delocalisation.
C–H and C–F coordination of arenes in neutral alkaline earth metal complexes
Authors: McMullen Jacob S. , Edwards Alison J. , Hicks Jamie
Published: June 2021

A series of neutral magnesium and calcium complexes that display various novel group 2⋯arene interaction have been synthesised and structurally characterised.
Spiers Memorial Lecture: Coordination networks that switch between nonporous and porous structures: an emerging class of soft porous crystals
Authors: Wang Shi-Qiang , Mukherjee Soumya , Zaworotko Michael J.
Published: June 2021

This review of soft coordination networks that undergo guest-induced switching between nonporous and porous structures addresses switching mechanisms and their potential utility.
Fabrication of inverse opal photonic gel sensors on flexible substrates by transfer process
Authors: Yoon Sohee , Park Habeen , Lee Wonmok
Published: June 2021

Sequential transfers of two photonic gels on a flexible substrate enabled the fabrication of dual sensors on a chip.
Unveiling the physiochemical aspects of the matrix in improving sulfur-loading for room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Sungjemmenla  , Soni Chhail Bihari , Vineeth S. K. , Kumar Vipin
Published: June 2021

The physiochemical aspects of the matrix play an important role in deciding the loading of sulfur cathodes.
Glycine betaine grafted nanocellulose as an effective and bio-based cationic nanocellulose flocculant for wastewater treatment and microalgal harvesting
Authors: Blockx Jonas , Verfaillie An , Deschaume Olivier , Bartic Carmen , Muylaert Koenraad , Thielemans Wim
Published: June 2021

Flocculation is a widely used technology in industry including for wastewater treatment and microalgae harvesting.
Molecular design of amino-type hydrogen-bonding molecules for excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)-based fluorescent probe using the TD-DFT approach
Authors: Kanlayakan Narissa , Kungwan Nawee
Published: June 2021

A molecular screening of a new series of NH-type molecules for ESIPT-based fluorescent probes has been carried out using time-dependent density. functional theory.
Manganese(ii) bromo- and iodo-complexes with phosphoramidate and phosphonate ligands: synthesis, characterization and photoluminescence
Authors: Bortoluzzi Marco , Castro Jesús , Di Vera Andrea , Palù Alberto , Ferraro Valentina
Published: June 2021

Phosphoramidates and phosphonates are suitable ligands for the preparation of tetrahedral mono- and polynuclear Mn(ii) complexes characterized by green luminescence, influenced by the symmetry of the compounds and by the P-bonded substituents.
Correction: The effect of graphene oxide cross-linking and ionization on the crystallization behavior, and the electrical and thermal conductivity of a nylon-66 nanocomposite
Authors: Guo Junyi , Ye Yuxing , Du Zhongjie , Zhang Chen , Zou Wei
Published: June 2021

Correction for ‘The effect of graphene oxide cross-linking and ionization on the crystallization behavior, and the electrical and thermal conductivity of a nylon-66 nanocomposite’ by Junyi Guo et al., New J. Chem., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/D1NJ01474A.
Chiral magnetic hybrid materials constructed from macromolecules and their chiral applications
Authors: Zhong Hai , Zhao Biao , Deng Jianping
Published: June 2021

This review summarizes the recent advances in the construction and chiral applications of chiral magnetic hybrid materials primarily from iron oxide nanoparticles and biological polymers or synthetic chiral polymers.
Application of bioorthogonal hetero-Diels–Alder cycloaddition of 5-arylidene derivatives of 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid and vinyl thioether for imaging inside living cells
Authors: Bazan Bartłomiej , Pałasz Aleksandra , Skalniak Łukasz , Cież Dariusz , Buda Szymon , Jędrzejowska Katarzyna , Głomb Sonia , Kamzol Daniel , Czarnota Kinga , Latos Krystian , Kozieł Krzysztof , Musielak Bogdan
Published: June 2021

The fluorescent 5-arylidene derivative of 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid as a heterodiene reacted with vinyl thioether equipped with a taxol. The cycloadditions rate constants k2 were estimated to be in the range from 0.9 × 10−2 M−1 s−1 to 1.4 M−1 s−1.
Selective hydrolysis of phosphorus(v) compounds to form organophosphorus monoacids
Authors: Ash Jeffrey , Huang Hai , Cordero Paula , Kang Jun Yong
Published: June 2021

Selective hydrolysis of pentavalent phosphorus(v) compounds to form organophosphorus monoacids has been developed under azide-, metal-free reaction conditions.
Synthesis of polysubstituted azetidines via cascade trifluoromethylation/cyclization of N-allyl ynamides
Authors: Zhou Genlai , Su Jingwen , Shang Tianbo , Wang Xiaojuan , Bai Yihui , Yuan Zheliang , Zhu Gangguo
Published: June 2021

A cascade trifluoromethylation/cyclization of N-allyl sulfonylynamides is developed, providing a direct access to azetidine-fused tricyclic compounds at room temperature.
Aqueous assembly of a (pseudo)rotaxane with a donor–π–acceptor axis formed by a Knoevenagel condensation
Authors: Jucker Laurent , Aeschi Yves , Mayor Marcel
Published: June 2021

The incorporation of a linear D–π–A “push–pull” chromophore synthesized by a Knoevenagel condensation as axle of a rotaxane is reported.
Application of decarboxylation reactions for improvement of dielectric properties of a methacrylic polymer
Authors: Li Bao , Matsutani Hiroshi , Kimura Mika , Miyatake Masato , Murakami Yasuharu , Katoh Sadaaki , Tanimoto Akitoshi , Ma Xiaodong , Jiang Xuesong
Published: June 2021

Thermally induced decarboxylation solves the incompatibility between development in aqueous developer and dielectric performance.
In situ formation of 2-thiobarbituric acid incorporated g-C3N4 for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance
Authors: Chen Tingting , Hu Shan , Xing Quanfeng , Yu Xiaofeng , Chen Jinming , Li Xiaolong , Xu Xiuquan , Zhang Bo
Published: June 2021

Embedding heterocycles into the skeleton of g-C3N4 has been proved to be a simple and efficient strategy for improving light response and the separation of photo-excited charges.
Droplet flow cytometry for single-cell analysis
Authors: Li Ming , Liu Hangrui , Zhuang Siyuan , Goda Keisuke
Published: June 2021

This work reviews recent advances in the integration of emulsion microdroplets and flow cytometry technologies, so-called droplet flow cytometry (DFC), for high-throughput single-cell analysis.
Analysis of sodium generation by sodium oxide decomposition on corrosion resistance materials: a new approach towards sodium redox water-splitting cycle
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Miyaoka Hiroki , Shinzato Keita , Ichikawa Takayuki
Published: June 2021

In this study, investigation of materials with corrosion resistance was carried out to prevent side reactions by sodium oxide (Na2O) in the Na-redox cycle, and essential operational conditions for Na generation from Na2O were investigated.
Faculty perspectives regarding the integration of systems thinking into chemistry education
Authors: Jackson Alice , Hurst Glenn A.
Published: June 2021

Research suggests that systems thinking is beneficial to education and it has been proposed that training students using systems thinking techniques may enhance their abilities to understand and solve some of the global grand challenges that society currently faces as outlined by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. However, before systems thinking can be incorporated into chemistry education, the perceptions of the instructors who would adopt this framework must be investigated. Therefore, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 instructors from the Department of Chemistry at the University of York. Responses were analysed using both qualitative (framework method) and quantitative (Likert-style) techniques. The instructors expressed positive opinions of systems thinking as all participants stated that systems thinking techniques should be implemented into the undergraduate chemistry curriculum to some extent. Examples of anticipated advantages to integrating systems thinking into curricula include benefits to student learning, the facilitation of interdisciplinary teaching/learning, enhanced student employability prospects, and societal benefits. Research has suggested that curriculum reform is only successful with support from instructors and so these positive opinions of systems thinking from participants with expertise from a variety of areas within chemistry show great promise for future implementation.
Poly(ethylene oxide) grafted silica nanoparticles: efficient routes of synthesis with associated colloidal stability
Authors: Issa Sébastien , Cousin Fabrice , Bonnevide Marine , Gigmes Didier , Jestin Jacques , Phan Trang N. T.
Published: June 2021

Comparison of two “grafting to” efficient routes for the synthesis of poly(ethylene oxide) grafted silica nanoparticles with associated colloidal stability.
Effects of temperature on chaotropic anion-induced shape transitions of star molecular bottlebrushes with heterografted poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(N,N-dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate) side chains in acidic water
Authors: Lewoczko Evan M. , Kelly Michael T. , Kent Ethan W. , Zhao Bin
Published: June 2021

While super chaotropic anion (CA)-collapsed protonated tertiary amine-containing three-arm star bottlebrushes remain globular upon heating from room temperature to 70 °C, moderate CA-collapsed bottlebrushes exhibit star-globule shape transitions.
Dual functions of CO2molecular activation and 4f levels as electron transport bridges in erbium single atom composite photocatalysts therefore enhancing visible-light photoactivities
Authors: Chen Qiuyu , Gao Guoyang , Zhang Yanzhou , li Yini , Zhu Hongyang , Zhu Peifen , Qu Yang , Wang Guofeng , Qin Weiping
Published: June 2021

In the heterogeneous SAC system (SrTiO3:Er3+/g-C3N4), the single Er atoms perfectly play multiple roles as interfacial electronic transfer bridges and active sites for CO2activation.
ZnAl–LDH-induced electroactive β-phase and controlled dielectrics of PVDF for a high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator for humidity and pressure sensing applications
Authors: Ippili Swathi , Jella Venkatraju , Thomas Alphi Maria , Yoon Chongsei , Jung Jang-Su , Yoon Soon-Gil
Published: June 2021

An eco-friendly ZnAl–LDH–PVDF composite material is demonstrated for realizing high-performance TENG via control of dielectric properties and β-phase of PVDF for simultaneous sensing of pressure and humidity in self-powered way.
Importance of interface engineering between the hole transport layer and the indium-tin-oxide electrode for highly efficient polymer solar cells
Authors: Park Sujung , Adhi Wibowo Febrian Tri , Krishna Narra Vamsi , Ryu Jiho , Lee Heunjeong , Lee Jin Hee , Yoon Yung Jin , Kim Jin Young , Seo Jung Hwa , Oh Seung-Hwan , Jang Sung-Yeon , Cho Shinuk
Published: June 2021

Over 17% efficiency non-fullerene polymer solar cells were achieved by modifying the interface between ITO and a PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer using a conjugated polyelectrolyte (WPFSCz-).
Bioprocess-inspired synthesis of multilayered chitosan/CaCO3composites with nacre-like structures and high mechanical properties
Authors: Li Yidi , Ping Hang , Zou Zhaoyong , Xie Jingjing , Wang Weimin , Wang Kun , Fu Zhengyi
Published: June 2021

Nacre-like chitosan/CaCO3composites were fabricated by a microscale additive manufacturing mineralization method at room temperature. The synthetic composites show excellent underwater superoleophobicity and exhibit mechanical properties.
Melanin thin-films: a perspective on optical and electrical properties
Authors: Paulin J. V. , Coleone A. P. , Batagin-Neto A. , Burwell G. , Meredith P. , Graeff C. F. O. , Mostert A. B.
Published: June 2021

Optical and electrical properties of soluble melanin were discussed based on different chemical structures.
Hexagonal cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles produced by solvent-free spray pyrolysis and their near infrared absorption properties
Authors: Nakakura Shuhei , Ogi Takashi
Published: June 2021

Cesium tungsten bronze nanoparticles known as infrared absorption materials were synthesized by a solvent-free aerosol solid-fed spray pyrolysis method. The solvent-free process leads a crystalline and controlled stoichiometric phase of Cs0.32WO3.
Text Structure Strategy for Expository Reading Comprehension: Case Study With an Adolescent With Noonan Syndrome
Authors: Hall-Mills Shannon , Marante Leesa
Published: June 2021

Purpose

This article describes the implementation of a text structure strategy approach to reading comprehension intervention to improve comprehension of expository texts for an adolescent with Noonan Syndrome and a history of developmental language disorder and reading disability.

Method

The text structure intervention program was created for a feasibility study with adolescents who have language and literacy disorders. In the present case study, we investigated whether it was possible to improve expository text comprehension in a client with Noonan Syndrome and a history of significant needs in literacy. The text structure program leveraged the participant's progressive knowledge and awareness of specific text structures and structure signal words for improved comprehension of compare-contrast texts. The participant attended 60-min sessions twice weekly for three weeks at a university clinic.

Results

The participant demonstrated an increase in signal word identification as well as compare-contrast text comprehension.

Conclusions

This preliminary case study demonstrates that a short-term, explicit text structure strategy intervention is feasible for treatment of reading comprehension difficulties. This study also provides support for future text structure research with adolescent language and literacy deficits secondary to medical complexities.
Building capacity for the engineering of biology in Australia
Authors: Curach Natalie
Published: June 2021

In Australia, synthetic biology has taken a gradual and rational passage of growth from a collective of discrete practitioners and projects to capacity building initiatives. These initiatives fall under the National Innovation and Science Agenda [2] and have culminated into the formation of hubs of scientific expertise and education supported by the leveraging and enhancement of existing infrastructure networks across the country. The spotlight on science has also motivated more of a whole‐of‐government response to strengthening the nation's entire innovation ecosystem. Policy changes to tax incentives and gene technology regulation have created a momentum which is seeing increasingly more financial backing from Australian and international investors in synthetic biology. With these structures in place, the opportunities afforded by engineering biology have opened for uplifting innovation and the formation of new industries.
Second order necessary conditions for optimal control problems of evolution equations involving final point equality constraints
Authors: Frankowska Hélène , Lü Qi
Published: June 2021

We establish some second order necessary conditions for optimal control problems of evolution equations involving final point equality and inequality constraints. Compared with the existing works, the main difference is due to the presence of end-point equality constraints. With such constraints, we cannot simply use the variational techniques since perturbations of a given control may be no longer admissible. We also cannot use the Ekeland’s variational principle, which is a first order variational principle, to obtain second order necessary conditions. Instead, we combine some inverse mapping theorems on metric spaces and second order linearization of data to obtain our results.
Ecological Construction Mode of Soil and Water Conservation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: He Xi
Published: June 2021

The Three Gorges Reservoir Area is an important ecological barrier and an important area of water conservation in China. Due to natural and man-made factors, the regional urbanization process is accompanied by soil erosion. In recent years, by actively implementing measures such as tree planting and afforestation, water and soil conservation projects, the forest coverage rate in the Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir area has increased significantly, and soil erosion has been initially controlled. But the task of environmental protection in the Three Gorges Reservoir area is still arduous. This research analyzed the causes of soil erosion caused by the urban process, by collected and combed the data of soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of Chongqing over the years. The causes of soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir area caused by the urbanization process were deeply analyzed, we proposed to improve legislation and supervision; strengthen publicity and education of soil and water conservation; adopt new technology and technology and other governance countermeasures. The Three Gorges Reservoir is an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The control of soil erosion in the area has important ecological and social benefits for protecting the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin in China.
Environment Governance, Sustainable Livelihood and Indigenous Knowledge in Ethnic Tourism Villages of China
Authors: Shang Qianlang , Li Mengxue , Wang Huanhuan
Published: June 2021

The rapid expansion of tourism in Chinese ethnic areas has promoted changes in livelihood activities and ecosystems. Ethnic indigenous knowledge has played an essential role in environmental governance and sustainable livelihood. The paper integrates local knowledge theory with the Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) framework, proposes cultural capital as a critical component of livelihood capital, and illustrates the influence of indigenous knowledge on sustainable livelihood by analyzing how indigenous knowledge transforms into cultural livelihood capital typical cases. The research results show that excavation and utilization of indigenous knowledge can increase the family cultural livelihood capital, optimize the choice of family livelihood strategy, and improving the level of environmental governance, which ultimately affects the sustainability of family livelihood. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions on using indigenous knowledge to govern the tourism community.
Comparison and Selection of Construction Schemes for Cast-in-Situ girders of a Continuous Rigid-Frame Bridge
Authors: Zhu Bo
Published: June 2021

The continuous rigid frame bridge is one of the main bridge types used to span rivers in mountainous areas due to its high rigidity. However, due to the poor geological conditions in mountainous areas, the probability of instability and other safety accidents increases. Therefore, strict construction scheme design must be carried out. According to the cast-in-place section of the side span of a continuous rigid frame bridge in a mountainous area, this paper puts forward three construction schemes that may be applicable. The finite element software is used to establish the model, and the girder stress and bridge alignment with different construction schemes are analyzed. Combined with the grading index evaluation method, the optimal construction scheme is finally obtained.
Experimental study on mechanical properties of laminated steel fiber rubber concrete
Authors: Sun Jie , Chen Guozhen , Wang Anning , Lv Kangqi , Luo Yi
Published: June 2021

In order to research the effect of the steel fiber volume and the rubber powder diameter on the mechanics performance of the layer steel fiber reinforced rubber concrete, the cube compression tests, splitting tensile tests and four-point bending tests are performed on steel fiber reinforced rubber concrete with steel fiber content of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and rubber powder mesh 20, 40, 60. When 40 mesh rubber powder is added and the volume ratio of steel fiber is 1.5%, the compressive strength of laminated steel fiber rubber concrete reaches the peak value. The splitting tensile strength of laminated steel fiber rubber concrete mixed with2.0% steel fiber and mesh 40 rubber powder is the best. The flexural strength of laminated steel fiber rubber concrete mixed with 2.5% steel fiber and mesh 40 rubber powder is highest in this paper.
The effect of the additional load on the ground support on the settlement of the surrounding ground
Authors: Wang Dong , Zhang Xu , Zhang Wenkai , Liu Junpeng , Shi Zhengyue , Hu Zhongjing , Song Hongxu
Published: June 2021

Based on the existing engineering examples, this paper uses numerical simulation combined with the actual monitoring values on site to study the effect of the additional load on the support and the settlement of the surrounding ground, and the following conclusions are drawn: (1) When the enclosure structure is good, the settlement curve generally assumes a “spoon shape”. As the distance from the foundation pit increases, the surface settlement curve first increases and then decreases. The distance between the location of the maximum surface settlement and the foundation pit is generally half of the maximum excavation depth of the foundation pit. (2) The existence of additional load accelerates the rate of change of surface settlement, making the soil settlement from the excavation of the first layer of soil as a whole smaller than the unacted additional load to the excavation to the bottom layer as a whole larger than the unapplied load. (3) There will be a certain gap between the numerical simulation and the actual monitoring value. This gap will become larger and larger as the excavation of the foundation pit continues, but the law of change between the two is the same.
Control effect analysis for arch auxiliary system on long term deflection of long span prestressed concrete continuous beam bridge
Authors: Zhang J D , Wang X X , Lu Z. Y.
Published: June 2021

In order to explore the control effect of arch assisted system on long-term deflection of long-span PC continuous girder bridge, an evaluation framework of long-term deflection control effect is proposed. Firstly, the functional relationship between long-term deflection and structural parameters is fitted based on the measured data, and the deflection prediction model is established; Secondly, based on the calculation method of bending stiffness of inversion theory, the evaluation framework of long-term deflection control effect based on the analogy stiffness method is proposed; Finally, based on the engineering example, under the premise of equal load sharing ratio, the above frame is applied to carry out parameter analysis. The results show that the deflection prediction model based on the measured data has good correlation, and the established evaluation framework can quantitatively evaluate the control effect of arch auxiliary system on long-term deflection.
Modeling the process of future social workers training considering the goals of sustainable development
Authors: Pavlyk Nadiia , Seiko Nataliia , Sytniakivska Svitlana
Published: June 2021

The aim of the article is the theoretical development of non-formal, fundraising and bilingual models of future social sphere specialists training on the basis of the goals of sustainable development in education. The study is based on preliminary processing of European and Ukrainian documents on sustainable development, numerous scientific papers on the problem of sustainable development, theoretical developments and experimental research in the field of social sphere specialists training. Each of the developed models has passed the corresponding approbation and is supported by the author’s experience of practical professional training of future social sphere specialists at the Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University. The model of future social workers non-formal education ensures the integration of professional competencies of future social workers. Fundraising training of future social workers on the basis of sustainable development involves the use of the necessary fundraising tools to ensure the development of social capital, the formation of a society of social justice, the deployment of numerous non-governmental organizations at the global and local levels. The bilingual model provides empowerment of social workers to study, do internships, work, borrow positive experiences, participate in international projects, and collaborate with professionals in their field from around the world.
Prospects for the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Smutchak Zinaida , Buhaieva Mariia , Filipishyna Liliya , Hrusheva Alla , Ursol Oksana
Published: June 2021

The article reveals the essence of social entrepreneurship, describes the main stages of its development in Ukraine. The activity of social enterprises is beneficial for the macroeconomic development of each country, as this activity makes it possible to reduce part of government spending on solving the problems of socially disadvantaged people, their employment and social adaptation. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, social entrepreneurship has found itself in conditions of complete legal uncertainty. The crisis economic situation has created many challenges in the context of the sustainability of social enterprises, forced to reconsider existing business models, and in some cases to cease operations. The process of popularization of social entrepreneurship can be accelerated by conducting an active social and economic policy, considering its formation as an important independent direction of the policy of social and economic reforms. It is the increase in the activity of citizens through the creation of social enterprises, their cooperation with the authorities that will allow Ukraine to begin solving such an extremely important problem as building a welfare state and civil society.
Economic potential of Ukraine: assessment and forecasting
Authors: Dymchenko Olena , Rudachenko Olha , Yesina Valeriya , Tararuiev Iurii
Published: June 2021

Based on the results of the open statistical data analysis, the paper justifies indicators for an integral assessment of the economic potential of Ukraine by types of economic activity of business entities. Since the potential is implemented in the future, the paper uses trend analysis to determine the prospective values of previously selected indicators. At the same time, some relative indicators were decomposed into absolute elements (as each of the absolute indicators has its own dynamics of changes). Stepwise, logarithmic, exponential, and other dependencies are used to predict indicators. In addition, the prospective values of indicators were normalized in order to get the correct calculation of the integral indicator in the paper. The integral indicator of the economic potential of Ukraine for each type of economic activity of business entities for the year 2022 is calculated as a result of generalizing the normalized values of prospective indicators. The calculation results can be used to distribute budget funds that are planned to be used for ensuring the long-term development of the Ukrainian economy sectors.
International trade risk management under the impact of globalization
Authors: Nezhyva Mariia , Zaremba Olha , Mysiuk Viktoriia
Published: June 2021

Doing business in condition of international trade, a stable and competitive business environment is vital to operate efficiently and attract inward investment. Businesses can assess these factors alongside challenges such as corruption, political instability and terrorism to understand the strengths and weaknesses of an operating environment and for strategic investment decisions. In terms of open economy and globalization trends, business faced a lot of different challenges with their specific risks, hence an effective risk assessment approach and management is extremely vital for economic security of business and especially for all country doing business with other countries trying to succeed. The article presents risk management plan content that helps to structure business risk management process and provide with the measures how to deal with risks.
Competence and innovative, humanistic education as the basis of sustainable development of the modern world
Authors: Khiminets Vasil , Ostrovska Marianna , Ostrovsky Alexander
Published: June 2021

The article deals with topical issues of interaction between human and natural systems and the role of education in these processes Attention is focused on the fact that the further development of society oriented only increase production capacity and meet its consumers’ interests, does not meet the laws of nature and leads to the destruction of humanity. This is due to the fact that the pressure of human society on the environment is growing, and the capacity of natural ecosystems is limited. It is shown that the basis of the nature-consuming philosophy of mankind must be changed to a new ecological and economic worldview, in which social development must acquire a humanistic and ecological orientation. Natural resources in such a scheme should be viewed not only as a means of development of productive forces, but also as a factor in the environment in which mankind lives. The main role in the implementation of goals of sustainable development in a given area of the modern urban world is given to changing the paradigm of the educational process, its reorientation from the mechanical transfer of knowledge to the formation of professional competencies, innovation and humanistic worldview.
Weiterbildung Praxisanleiter/Praxisanleiterin
Authors: Blex Saskia
Published: June 2021

In diesem Artikel soll Ihnen erläutert werden, welche Kompetenzen sowie Aufgaben Praxisanleiterinnen und Praxisanleiter benötigen und wie die Weiterbildung dafür gestaltet ist.
Das Disease-Management-Programm Osteoporose
Authors: Kurth Andreas A.
Published: June 2021

Eine zentrale Herausforderung im Gesundheitswesen stellt der Ausbau von Versorgungsstrukturen für die bessere Diagnostik, Therapie und Prävention von chronischen Erkrankungen dar. Aufgrund festgestellter Defizite in der Versorgung chronisch Kranker in Deutschland wurden im Jahr 2002 flächendeckend Disease-Management-Programme (DMPs) als Behandlungsprogramme im ambulanten Bereich implementiert. Dies sind strukturierte Behandlungsprogramme mit dem Ziel der Verbesserung des Behandlungsablaufs und der Qualität in der medizinischen Versorgung chronisch kranker Patienten. Osteoporose ist in Deutschland als Volkskrankheit anzusehen, und die Herausforderungen bei der Osteoporose-Behandlung bestehen einerseits in der aktuellen diagnostischen und therapeutischen Unterversorgung sowie einer strukturierten Vorgehensweise.

Mit Inkrafttreten des G-BA-Beschlusses zum DMP Osteoporose im Juli 2020 wurde der Notwendigkeit für eine strukturierte Behandlung von Osteoporose-Patienten Rechnung getragen. Die bessere Kooperation der verschiedenen behandelnden Ärzte sowie eine engere Arzt-Patienten-Bindung sollen dazu beitragen, die Versorgungslücken zu schließen.

Kernelemente bestehen in einer Strukturierung der Behandlungsabläufe und einer klaren Orientierung von Diagnostik und Therapie, basierend auf aktuellen evidenzbasierten Leitlinien. Die konkreten Therapieziele des DMP Osteoporose liegen in der Vermeidung von Frakturen, der Schmerzreduktion, der Sturzprophylaxe und einer Verbesserung der Lebenserwartung und in der Lebensqualität der Patienten. Dafür können sich die teilnehmenden Ärzte an der Leitlinie Osteoporose des Dachverbands Osteologie e. V. (DVO) orientieren.

In dem vorliegenden Artikel werden die Entwicklung der DMPs in Deutschland und im Speziellen die Erarbeitung des DMP Osteoporose und die GBA-Richtlinien dargestellt.
Oral Progestins in Hormonal Contraception: Importance and Future Perspectives of a New Progestin Only-Pill Containing 4 mg Drospirenone
Authors: Römer Thomas , Bitzer Johannes , Egarter Christian , Hadji Peyman , Kiechle Marion , Kramer Heike , Oppelt Patricia G. , Peters Klaus , Stute Petra , Schaudig Katrin , Wiegratz Inka , Regidor Pedro-Antonio
Published: June 2021

Hormonal contraceptives are an effective and safe method for preventing pregnancy. Progestins used in contraception are either components of combined hormonal contraceptives (tablets, patches or vaginal rings) or are used as a single active ingredient in progestin mono-preparations (the progestin-only pill (POP), implants, intrauterine systems or depot preparations). Progestins are highly effective in long-term contraception when used properly, and have a very good safety profile with very few contraindications. A new oestrogen-free ovulation inhibitor (POP) has recently been authorised in the USA and the EU. This progestin mono-preparation contains 4 mg of drospirenone (DRSP), which has anti-gonadotropic, anti-mineralocorticoidic and anti-androgenic properties. The hormone administration regimen of 24 days followed by a 4-day hormone-free period was chosen to improve bleeding control and to maintain oestradiol concentrations at early follicular-phase levels, preventing
oestrogen deficiency. Clinical trials have demonstrated a high contraceptive effectiveness, a very low risk of cardiovascular side effects and a favourable menstrual bleeding pattern. Due to the long half-life of DRSP (30 – 34 hours), the effectiveness of the preparation is maintained even if a woman forgets to take a pill on a single occasion. Studies involving deliberate 24-hour delays in taking a pill have demonstrated that ovulation inhibition is maintained if a single pill is missed. Following a summary of the current status of oestrogen-free contraception, this review article will describe the clinical development programme of the 4 mg DRSP mono-preparation and the resulting data on the effectiveness and safety of this new oestrogen-free oral hormonal contraceptive.
Primary Extranodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas: A First Tertiary Care Experience from Punjab, North India
Authors: Narang Vikram , Singh Aminder , Sood Neena , Garg Bhavna , Kaur Harpreet , Jain Kunal , Grover Sumit ,   Steffi
Published: June 2021

Background Primary extranodal lymphomas are less frequently encountered and difficult to diagnose in routine practice. The histopathological and immunohistochemical studies are essential in addition to clinical details to diagnose. The incidence is varied in different parts of India along with variation in histopathological spectrum.

Methodology The clinical features and histopathological findings of patients diagnosed with primary extranodal lymphoma over 3-year period were retrieved from archives of pathology department and analyzed.

Results During the 3-year study period, a total of 135 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphomas were evaluated, and of these, 41.4% (56/135) of cases presented with primary extranodal involvement. The mean age of primary extranodal lymphoma presentation was 61.3 ± 17.5 with M:F ratio of 1:1.1 Most common extranodal site involved was gastrointestinal tract 32.1%, 18/56 (small intestine [17.8%, 10 cases] and large intestine [8.9%, 5 cases]). Non-Hodgkin lymphomas of B cell type were the predominant subtype (48/56, 85.7%), while 8/56 (14.2%) cases were of T cell lineage. Of the B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma diffuse, large B cell lymphoma was the predominant subtype constituting ~83.3% (40/48).

Conclusion Primary extranodal lymphomas exhibit varied histomorphological and clinical presentation. The present study is first such analysis from Punjab that intends to compare with studies from other parts of India.
Tonsillar Carcinoma Spreading Metastases to Central Nervous System: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Khan Shujhat , Anichini Giulio , Mian Areeb , Kareem Haider , Syed Nelofer , O'Neill Kevin
Published: June 2021

We present a case report of a 51-year-old left-handed male with a background of human papillomovairus 16-positive tonsil squamous cell carcinoma presenting with tonic-clonic seizure and a radiological diagnosis of secondary metastatic deposits. These were initially treated with stereotactic radiosurgery and subsequently with surgery. Surgical resection was performed under general anesthesia with right-sided temporal and parietal approaches. Both the parietal and temporal deposits were removed, while the intraventricular mass was intentionally left to avoid postoperative deficits. Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy were administered postoperatively. The patient experienced a satisfactory recovery postoperatively and was reoperated for recurrence 4 months later. He maintained a good quality of life and an excellent performance status throughout, but unfortunately he passed away in November 2018 due to septic complications. This case history stresses the difficulty in managing squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) with brain metastatic deposits. There are no current guidelines about the management of patients presenting with such a rare condition. More data are thus desirable to better define treatment guidelines and protocols when SCC brain metastases are present.
Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hematoma in COVID-19 Severe Pneumonia–Dual-phase Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiogram and Role of Radiologist
Authors: Gupta Vikash Kumar , Alkandari Buthaina Mohammad , Mohammed Wasif , Abdelmohsen Mohsen Ahmed , Mohammad Mohammad Gaber Abdullah
Published: June 2021

Studies available in the literature have shown alterations in blood coagulation tests in severe cases of COVID-19 pneumonia, with a significant risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Since microvascular thrombosis is a well-known fact in COVID-19 disease, requiring therapeutic anticoagulation, low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in prophylactic dose is a part of the clinical management of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In this scenario, we describe three cases of abdominal spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma (SRH) in hospitalized reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 patients.
Bilateral Cemented Custom-Made Total Hip Arthroplasty in Paget's Disease with Femoral Cortical Thickening and Canal Narrowing
Authors: D'Ambrosi Riccardo , Ballini Luca , Valli Federico , Guarino Stefano , Rubino Maurizio , Ursino Nicola
Published: June 2021

In this report, we present a case of a 57-year-old man complaining of pain in both his hips. Clinically, the patient reported lameness and reduction in the range of motion of the hips. Radiographic imaging showed a very narrow medullary femoral canal, confirmed by a computed tomography scan. In consideration of the narrowness of the femoral canal and cortex thickening, and due to the rarity of the clinical case, we opted to use a custom-made prosthesis. We performed total hip arthroplasty, initially on the right side. One year later, we repeated the procedure on the left side. One year after the last surgery, the patient reported well-being and continuous improvement in walking, with no complications. This case report highlights the features and the critical issues related to this kind of surgery in patients affected by Paget's disease of the bone and the importance of custom-made implants in challenging cases.
Correction to: Bringing economies of integration into the costing of groupage freight
Authors: Brabänder Christian , Braun Maximilian
Published: June 2021

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41272-021-00324-z
Comment on “Bound states and the potential parameter spectrum” [J. Math. Phys. 61, 062103 (2020)]
Authors: Fernández Francisco M.
Published: June 2021

We analyze the application of the “tridiagonal representation approach” (TRA) to the Schrödinger equation for some simple, exactly solvable, quantum-mechanical models. In the case of the Kratzer–Fues potential, the expression for the energy does not appear to be correct. In addition, the well known Frobenius method, which resembles the TRA, is far simpler, clearer, and more elegant, in addition to giving the correct result.
An all-digital associated particle imaging system for the 3D determination of isotopic distributions
Authors: Ayllon Unzueta Mauricio , Ludewigt Bernhard , Mak Brian , Tak Tanay , Persaud Arun
Published: June 2021

Associated particle imaging (API) is a non-destructive nuclear technique for the 3D determination of isotopic distributions. By detecting the alpha particle associated with the emitted neutron in the deuterium–tritium fusion reaction with a position- and time-resolving detector, the direction of the 14.1 MeV neutron and its time of emission can be determined. Employing this method, isotope characteristic gamma rays emitted in inelastic neutron scattering events can be correlated with the neutron interaction location. An API system consisting of a sealed-type neutron generator, gamma detectors, and a position-sensitive alpha detector was designed, constructed, and characterized. The system was tested with common soil elements and shown to be sensitive to 12C, 16O, 28Si, 27Al, and 56Fe. New aspects of our approach are the use of a yttrium–aluminum–perovskite scintillator, using a sapphire window instead of a fiber-optic faceplate for light transport to the photomultiplier, and the all-digital data acquisition system. We present a description of the system with simulations and experimental results that show a position resolution on the alpha detector of 1 mm, a depth resolution using a LaBr3 detector of 6.2 cm, and an angular resolution of 4.5°. Additionally, we present single-element gamma response measurements for the elements mentioned above together with a comparison to Monte Carlo simulations (MCNP6).
Backward semi-martingales into Burgers turbulence
Authors: Nzissila Florent , Moutsinga Octave , Eyi Obiang Fulgence
Published: June 2021

In fluid dynamics governed by the one-dimensional inviscid Burgers equation ∂tu + u∂xu = 0, stirring is explained by using the sticky particle model. A Markov process ([Zt1,Zt2],t≥0) describes the motion of random turbulent intervals, which evolve inside another Markov process ([Zt3,Zt4],t≥0), describing the motion of random clusters concerned with the turbulence. Then, the four velocity processes (u(Zti,t),t≥0) are backward semi-martingales. If one of them is a martingale, then any turbulent interval is reduced to a single point.