bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of typical variability and relationship between the dimensional characteristics of the sella turcica and the pituitary gland according to magnetic resonance imaging data
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, Yu. Aleshkina Ol'ga , A. Devyatkin Anton ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky, S. Bikbaeva Tat'yana ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, A. Polkovova Irina ,   Saratov Medical University “Reaviz”, Khanlar Ogly Kuliyev Nijat ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky
Published: February 2025

Background. The study of morphometric variability of the sella turcica and pituitary gland in individuals with different types of skull base is of theoretical importance and remains relevant in practical medicine for the diagnosis of pathological processes and the development of new methods of surgical intervention. The purpose of the research is to study the typical variability of the linear characteristics of the sella turcica, pituitary gland and their relationship according to MRI data. Materials and methods. The object of the study was 100 magnetic resonance imaging of the brain of men and women of the 1st and 2nd periods of adulthood, divided according to the size of the basilar angle into three craniotypes: flexi-, medio- and platybasilar. The dimensional characteristics of the sella turcica and pituitary gland were studied using the digital craniometry method, and a statistical analysis of the data obtained was carried out. Results. With an increase in the values of the basilar angle of the skull base from the flexibasilar type to the platybasilar type, a change in the linear parameters of both the sella turcica and the pituitary gland occurs. In the sella turcica, the length and width increase by 6.9% and 13.6%, respectively, while the height decreases by 13.0% (p < 0.05). The pituitary gland is characterized by a statistically significant increase in its length by 19.5% and width by 11.2% (p < 0.05), while the height of the gland does not change. Correlation analysis revealed relationships of different strength and direction between the longitudinal and latitudinal parameters of the sella turcica and the pituitary gland. Conclusions. The angle of the skull base (craniotype) affects the anatomical characteristics of the sella turcica and pituitary gland, as well as their relationship.
Assessment of the influence of electronic devices on the lifestyle and organism of adolescent children in modern conditions (literature review)
Authors:   Penza State University, V. Vasilyev Evgeniy , V. Romaschova Tatyana ,   Penza State University, V. Vasilyev Valeriy ,   Penza State University, A. Gusev Evgeniy ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Data from an analytical review on the impact of the use of electronic devices on the health and lifestyle of children and adolescents are presented. A key risk factor for the use of electronic devices and the Internet is the violation of the duration of screen time, which provokes functional and pathological disorders in the mental and physical health of minors, and the development of Internet addiction. Children and adolescents with developed Internet addiction and those who have been on the Internet for a long time change their lifestyle. In particular, the duration of stay in the fresh air is reduced, physical activity decreases and adynamia increases, unhealthy eating habits predominate in eating behavior, and the duration of sleep is reduced. These factors themselves can have a negative impact on health, and when combined with electromagnetic radiation from electronic devices, the negative effect is only aggravated. Therefore, studying the problem of ensuring a safe digital environment for minors is a popular task today.
Clinical mask of acute paracancrosis paraproctitis against the background of progressive prostate cancer
Authors:   Penza State University, Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.N. Burdenko, I. Sergatskiy Konstantin , V. Malyakin Ivan ,   Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko, A. Malyakina Vasilisa ,   Penza State University, V. Burmistrova Olga ,   Penza State University, A. Bulaeva Elizaveta ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. Prostate cancer refers to malignant neoplasms arising from the tissues of the prostate gland. Like any other malignant tumor, this malignant neoplasm is characterized by the appearance of uncontrollably dividing cells capable of growing into adjacent tissues and metastasizing to distant organs. The purpose of the work was to illustrate the variety of clinical symptoms in a patient with progression of prostate cancer, verification of which occurred only with the manifestation of acute paracancrosis paraproctitis. Materials and methods. A clinical observation of acute paracancrosis paraproctitis in a patient against the background of progressive prostate cancer is presented. Results. Regardless of the etiology of inflammation, treatment of patients with acute paraproctitis is a complex and labor-intensive process. The varied localization of purulent-necrotic leaks led to surgical sanitation using the principles of purulent surgery. Conclusions. A thorough examination and a multicomponent approach to treatment in the management of a specific patient with a rather rare complication of prostate cancer made it possible not only to achieve success in its elimination, but also to verify the primary tumor.
Difficulties in diagnosing acute myocarditis by the example of a patient with decompensated chronic heart failure
Authors:   Penza State University, M. Shibaeva Tatyana , E. Sheina Alina ,   Penza State University, N. Belugina Tatyana ,   Penza State University, S. Fokina Elena ,   Penza State University, A. Sahakyan Marieta ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. Myocarditis is defined as myocardial inflammation that can progress to inflammatory cardiomyopathy with concomitant cardiac remodeling and dysfunction due to chronic inflammation. Myocarditis can present with many different symptoms and often mimics other common heart diseases. Thus, it is often difficult to diagnose myocarditis based on clinical symptoms. However, it is important to get diagnosed as early as possible as treatment varies greatly and can significantly improve outcomes and prevent the disease from progressing to dilated cardiomyopathy or heart failure. The purpose of the study is to consider, using a clinical case as an example, the features of management and clinical hypotheses of the causes of decompensation of heart failure. Materials and methods. A clinical example of a favorable outcome of acute myocarditis with the development of severe heart failure in a patient with erroneously diagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy is given. Based on the information available at the present stage of development of medical science, the reasons for incorrect diagnosis are considered, the possibilities of verifying the correct diagnosis, treatment tactics and prospects for improving the diagnosis and treatment of such patients are discussed. Results. This clinical case demonstrates the high effectiveness of conservative therapy for CHF, its almost complete regression in a relatively short period. Diagnostic hypotheses about the presence of dilated cardiomyopathy (presumably of toxic-alimentary origin) and PICS n/a in the patient do not seem to be valid, since even the use of the most comprehensive therapy for CHF in a short period (3 months of therapy) cannot lead to restoration of LV systolic function, probable disappearance zones of hypokinesia and akinesia, as well as to significant clinical regression of symptoms and the patient’s return to their usual lifestyle. Conclusions. Taking into account the above analysis, it seems to us that the development and decompensation of CHF in this patient was based on acute infectious myocarditis, as a complication of severe bilateral polysegmental pneumonia suffered by the patient.
Difficulties in Using Natural Herbal Substances and their Current use in Some Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
Authors: Özcan Bülbül Ece , Üstündağ Okur Neslihan
Published: February 2025

Aim:

Random use of natural herbal products affects the treatment of diseases. In this review, the
limitations that may be encountered in using natural substances of plant origin and the studies on using these
substances in treating cancer, cognitive disorders, heart diseases, diabetes, and microbial diseases are examined
and summarized.

Background:

People worldwide use herbal products derived from natural plants to solve health problems. It is
known that random use of herbal products can negatively affect the treatment. However, people need help
with the formulation or use of natural substances. There is no new disease-modifying herbal therapy available
to treat diseases such as cancer, microbial disorders, diabetes, cognitive disorders, and cardiac disorders.

Objective:

This review aims to report the difficulties encountered in formulating and using natural herbal substances
and highlight their possible use in some diseases.

Materials and Methods:

Available information about the study was collected through many search engines
such as Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar.

Results:

Working with natural herbal substances worldwide presents many difficulties, especially a lack of
knowledge, modern technological devices, or clinical studies. According to currently available studies, some
natural herbal substances are effective against cancer, microbial disorders, diabetes, cognitive disorders, and
heart disorders.

Conclusion:

Deepening the studies would be beneficial to eliminate the difficulties related to natural herbal
medicines and making them more reliable. More research is needed to include these substances in the protocol
and use them in treating diseases.
Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Targets, Biological Mechanisms and Patented Formulations of Salacia reticulata Wight (Celastaceae): An Appraisal of its Potential
Authors: Wal Pranay , Dwivedi Jyotsana , Kaushal Shubhi , Aparna Tatapudi Naga , Bhaskararao Pulagurtha , Sahu Devendra Kumar , Bedi Onkar , Sharma Mukesh Chandra
Published: February 2025

Herbal medications provide universal benefits such as effectiveness, safety, cost, and acceptance.
With increased interest in plant extract research, there is also increased concern about the activity of bioactive
lumberjack climber plants indigenous to Sri Lanka and Indian submontane forests. It was recently determined
that plants containing kotalanol, salacinol (derived from roots, especially stems), and mangiferin (xanthone
from roots) are anti-diabetic agents. Salacia reticulata (S. reticulata) contains 1,3-diketone, dulcitol, leucopelargonidin,
epicatechin, furovatannin, glycoside tannin, triterpene, 30-hydroxy-20(30)-dihydroisoigesterol, hydroxyferruginol,
acidic Lambert, and 16-acetate. Chemical components such as collagen in 26-hydroxy-1,3-
friederandione and maitenfolate have also been discovered in S. reticulata roots. Root decoction treats skin
conditions, rheumatic conditions, gonorrhoea, hemorrhoids, asthma, edema, irritation, dry mouth, menstrual
cramps, and dysmenorrhea. The gastrointestinal suppression of enzymes that take over glucose through the
blood reduces postprandial hyperglycemia and improves blood sugar control. Additionally, mangiferin can impede
the action of aldose reductase, which delays the development or worsening of diabetes. Consequently,
efforts are underway to discover new therapeutic targets, signifying a novel approach to medication development.
In this regard, S. reticulata has been widely consumed owing to its discoveries and is currently the focus
of substantial studies on diabetes treatment.
Circulating SFRP2 in Iranian Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients with Infertility and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and its Correlation with Insulin Resistance and Inflammation
Authors: Jawad Ali Abdul Kareem , Nabatchian Fariba , Moradi Nariman , Choobineh Hamid , Fadaei Reza , Afrisham Reza
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 2 (SFRP2) is considered to be the
most potent modulator of the Wnt signaling. This pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of Polycystic
Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). This research aimed to compare the levels of SFRP2 in PCOS
[infertile and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) patients] with the control group and determine the
correlation of SFRP2 with inflammation and insulin resistance.

Methods:

This case-control study was conducted on 108 POCS patients (53 infertile patients and
55 women with RPL) and 54 healthy controls. The levels of biochemical factors along with SFRP2,
adiponectin, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), free testosterone,
and insulin, high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) were measured following the
manufacturer's instructions.

Results:

Both infertile and RPL groups presented notably higher levels of SFRP2 (49.32 ± 17.72
ng/ml and 55.89 ± 17.36 ng/ml, respectively) compared to the control group (30.21 ± 10.12 ng/ml,
P<0.001 for both groups). In PCOS patients, a positive correlation was observed between SFRP2
and body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.42, P < 0.001), insulin (r = 0.19, P = 0.04), fasting blood glucose
(FBG) (r = 0.24, P = 0.01), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-
IR) (r = 0.21, P = 0.03), triglyceride (r = 0.25, P = 0.009), and hs-CRP (r = 0.21, P = 0.02).
Furthermore, SFRP2 increased the risk of RPL (OR [95% CI] = 1.15 [1.10 -1.20], P < 0.001) and
infertility (OR [95% CI] = 1.12 [1.07 -1.17], P < 0.001) in comparison with the controls.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggested that SFRP2 may have a potential involvement in the development
of PCOS and might be a promising target for diagnosis, but additional research is required to
confirm this.
Recent Advances in Cutaneous Carcinoma Therapy Through Integrated Use of Immunotherapy and Nanotechnology
Authors: Dongsar Tenzin Tsering , Bajaj Kartik , Dongsar Tenzin Sonam , Ali Ahbab , Hasan Nazeer , Ahmad Farhan Jalees
Published: February 2025

Skin cancer is one of the most lethal cancers today, posing significant challenges to public health and potentially impacting global health and economic stability. Due to its high rate of incidence, innovative and effective treatments are crucial. Among these, immunothera-peutic approaches have emerged as transformative, offering new hope by harnessing the body’s immune system to target and eliminate cancerous cells. Immunotherapy has changed the treatment landscape for skin cancer, providing options such as checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell transfer therapies that specifically enhance immune activity against tumors. De-spite these advancements, the broader adoption of immunotherapeutic modalities is challeng-ing due to concerns about their toxicity and variable efficacy. The side effects, such as im-mune-related adverse events, can be severe and sometimes limit their use. In response to these challenges, nanotechnology in cancer treatment has gained significant attention. Nanotechnol-ogy-based approaches show promise in improving the delivery and effectiveness of cancer therapies, particularly for skin cancer immunotherapy. Nanoparticles can deliver therapeutic agents directly to tumors, minimizing systemic toxicity and enhancing treatment precision. These strategies also boost the immune system's ability to target cancer cells while overcom-ing the limitations of current immunotherapies. This review explores various anticancer thera-peutic approaches for managing skin cancer, focusing on immunotherapy and its challenges. It highlights how integrating nanotechnology with cancer immunotherapy offers a promising av-enue for enhancing treatment efficacy and safety. The review also provides an overview of re-cent advancements in skin cancer treatment, showcasing how these innovative strategies are paving the way for more effective and less toxic therapeutic options in combating one of the deadliest cancers.
A Comprehensive Review on Anticancer Potential of Pulicaria Plants and their Derivatives
Authors: Barabadi Tahere , Rahimi Hossein , Mohamadi-Zarch Seyed Mahdi , Bagheri Seyyed Majid
Published: February 2025

The genus Pulicaria, belonging to the Asteraceae family, includes 100 species distributed from Europe to North Africa and Asia, especially around the Mediterranean. A number of extracts and compounds of this genus have been found to have anticancer effects on various cancer cell lines. Google, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched for articles related to Pulicaria or its isolated compounds. The search was conduct-ed using various keywords, including “Pulicaria and anticancer activity”. After the review, the relevant articles were summarized and included in the review article. Fortunately, the re-sults of this review showed that relatively comprehensive studies have been conducted in this field, and the presence of various compounds in these plants can be used in cancer re-search. The results of our review showed that Pulicaria vulgaris has the strongest effect and Pulicaria dysenterica has the weakest effect on cancer cells. Future studies should focus on finding purer compounds and investigating the anticancer effects of these compounds. These herbal compounds can also be used alongside standard drugs to treat cancer, especially to reduce the effect of drug resistance.
Combating Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer: Exploring the Synergistic
Potential of Metformin and Cisplatin in a Novel Combination Therapy; A
Systematic Review
Authors: Jafarzadeh Emad , Sarajar Behnam Omidi , Lalani Armineh Rezaghol , Rastegar-Pouyani Nima , Aliebrahimi Shima , Montazeri Vahideh , Ghahremani Mohammad H , Ostad Seyed Nasser
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

The persistent drug resistance observed in lung cancer necessitates innovative
strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes. This review investigates the potential of combining
metformin (Met) and cisplatin (Cis) to overcome drug resistance and enhance treatment
efficacy. Cis's limitations, including drug resistance and adverse effects, coupled with Met’s established
safety profile, form the backdrop for this exploration.

Methods:

Systematic literature searches across major databases identified relevant studies exploring
the synergistic effects of Met and Cis in the context of drug-resistant lung cancer. Data extraction
encompassed diverse facets, including treatment protocols, cellular responses, and mechanistic
insights. The synthesis of these findings sheds light on the potential of this combination therapy to
combat drug resistance.

Results:

Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the ability of the Met + Cis
combination to sensitize drug-resistant lung cancer cells. The co-treatment consistently showed
enhanced inhibition of cell proliferation, elevated apoptosis rates, and attenuated migration and
invasion capabilities compared to monotherapies. Mechanistically, Met’s modulatory effect on key
pathways, such as AMPK-mTOR and ROS-mediated signaling, appears to underlie its ability to
counter drug resistance.

Conclusion:

The Met + Cis combination holds promise as an innovative strategy to counter drug
resistance in lung cancer. By harnessing the synergistic effects of these agents, combination therapy
offers a novel approach to enhance treatment efficacy and mitigate the challenges posed by
drug-resistant lung cancer. Although further clinical validation is required, the Met + Cis synergy
represents a promising avenue in the pursuit of improved lung cancer therapy outcomes.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV
Authors: Khazdooz Hamid , Abbasian Ladan , Shirzad Nooshin , Khashayar Pouria , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Malekahmadi Mahsa , Hemmatabadi Mahboobeh
Published: February 2025

Background:

The increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its subcomponents among people living with HIV/AIDS, especially in developing countries, is well documented with the global pooled prevalence of the related risk factors in this population.

Objective:

This study aimed to explore the prevalence of MetS among Iranian People living with HIV according to the ATP III and Iranian criteria.

Methods:

The cross-sectional study was conducted on consecutive patients who visited THE re-ferral centre for AIDS/HIV between May to December 2023. A total of 130 participants (n=83; 63.8% male) were investigated based on the inclusion criteria, which included having a minimum age of 25 and a maximum of 65 years and following a stable ART treatment regimen for at least six months. A Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between the categorical variables. Uni/Multi-variable linear regression analysis was used to quantify the associations be-tween MetS and HIV by the independent variables.

Results:

The incidence of MetS according to ATP III and Iranian criteria were 42 (32.3%) and 45 (34.6%), which was higher in older patients (p=0.001) and those with more duration since HIV diagnosis (p=0.02). Around 33.1% and 16.1% were overweight and obese, respectively. Among the components of MetS, the highest prevalence (50.8%) was related to low HDL, and the lowest was related to fasting blood sugar (21.5%). The average body fat mass, protein mass, Soft lean mass, and percentage body fat were 18.54±9.46 kg, 10.91±2.17 kg, 51.31±9.61 kg, and 24.86±10.25% that were higher in MetS group (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Our study points out the high prevalence of MetS in an Iranian population living with HIV, especially those suffering from the underlying disease for a longer time. Conducting multi-centric studies with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm our results and determine the most effective measures.

conclusion:

Our study offers valuable insights into the study of the prevalence of MetS in a population living with HIV/AIDS. Conducting multi-centric studies with higher sample sizes according to Iranian and ATP III Criteria would effectively parallel this study.
In silico based Diabetic Wound Healer from Nature: An Update
Authors: Lather Amit , Rathee Pratibha , Gautam Manish Kumar , Sharma Kalicharan , Hooda Tanuj
Published: February 2025

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease of high levels of glucose in the blood and affecting
536.6 million people in the world between the age group of 20-79 with management spent of
11% of the total worldwide. Wound healing in diabetics is impaired due to many factors like high
blood sugar, poor blood circulation, damaged blood vessels, diabetic neuropathy, decreased immune
responses etc. The presently used synthetic drugs have high costs, a toxic nature, and are full of
adverse effects drawing attention to the need to identify new and successful treatment approaches
for diabetic wounds. In silico drug screening methods of drug development made it easy to screen
thousands of active constituents against a target specifically responsible for diabetes and wound
healing. Thus the current review compiled the naturally available active compounds screened by in
silico docking from natural resources and has the potential to treat diabetic wound healing with their
specificity and target-based mechanism. This information will be helpful for further screening of
non-reported natural compounds having antidiabetic as well as wound healing potential
CDH1-involved Ubiquitination of SIRT5 Promotes the Entry of Colorectal Cancer Cells into Quiescence and Enhances Cell Stemness
Authors: Li Wei , Chen Jian , Yang Jinbao , Zhang Bo , Wen Dihao , Jiang Zhibin
Published: February 2025

Background:

This study explored whether the cell cycle regulator cadherin 1 (CDH1) impacts colorectal
cancer cell cycle and stemness via mediating ubiquitination of sirtuin 5 (SIRT5).

Methods:

We first constructed CDH1 overexpression plasmid and small interfering RNA against SIRT5
(siSIRT5) and transfected them into HCT116/HT29 cells, followed by transfection efficiency verification. The
effect of CDH1 on Cyclin F/SIRT5/CDH1 protein levels in HCT116/HT29 cells was verified by Western blot.
After up-regulation of CDH1, changes in SIRT5 ubiquitination (immunoprecipitation), cell cycle (cell cycle kit),
proliferation (5-Bromodeoxyuridine assay), and stemness marker expressions (qRT-PCR) in HCT116/HT29 cells
were detected. Rescue assays were performed to examine cell proliferation and stemness marker expressions.

Results:

Overexpression of CDH1 decreased Cyclin F expression and increased SIRT5 and CDH1 expressions in
HCT116/HT29 cells. Up-regulation of CDH1 suppressed SIRT5 ubiquitination, promoted G0/G1 phase blockage
in HCT116/HT29 cells, boosted cell proliferation into quiescence and enhanced cell stemness. siSIRT5 counteracted
the regulatory effect of CDH1 overexpression on colorectal cancer cells.

Conclusion:

CDH1 promotes the entry of colorectal cancer cells into quiescence and enhances stemness by
dampening SIRT5 ubiquitination.
Investigation of the Status of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Virology, Clinical Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention, Treatment and Classification of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD): A Systematic Review
Authors: Raesi Rasoul , Tabatabae Seyed Saeed , Saadat Seyed Hassan , Bokaie Saied , Daneshi Salman , Hushmandi Kiavash
Published: February 2025

Background and Objectives:

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is one of the deadliest viral diseases in history, rapidly spreading to other parts of the world. Due to frequent travel, the popularity of tourism, public international contacts, and imported goods, Ebola is consid-ered a threat to people around the world. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the status of epidemiology, pathophysiology, virology, clinical symptoms, diag-nosis, prevention, treatment, and classification of EVD.

Methods:

This systematic review was conducted in the spring of 2024 by searching English articles using desired keywords in PubMed, Google Scholar, ISC, Scopus, and Web of Sci-ence databases without time limits. The search strategy was based on the PRISMA 2020 statement.

Results:

Frequent outbreaks of EVD have caused numerous deaths and complications. Since the virus may lead to a pandemic, its prevention is of great importance due to its high potential to cause a significant physical and economic burden.

Conclusion:

Hence, there is an urgent need to conduct clinical trials on EVD to develop possible treatments and strategies to prevent any further outbreaks of the disease.
Pelvic Hematoma Revealing Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Case Report of Two Patients
Authors: Kachhwaha Arjun , Baveja Avriti , Dev Rahul , Huda Farhanul , Nath Uttam Kumar
Published: February 2025

Background:

Chronic myeloid leukemia [CML] is a common hematological malignancy
where patients present with varied clinical symptoms and are usually diagnosed with incidentally
detected elevated total leucocyte counts in hemogram. The presence of pelvic hematoma at the
presentation of CML is an uncommon finding.

Case Presentation:

Two male young adults presented with massive splenomegaly and pelvic hematoma.
On evaluation for anemia and leukocytosis with massive splenomegaly, diagnosis of
CML chronic phase [CML-CP] was made on peripheral smear, bone marrow examination including
cytogenetic study and molecular methods [peripheral blood quantitative BCR: ABL1 by real--
time PCR]. The first patient underwent aspiration of hematoma, and the second patient presented
late where the hematoma organized into a solid mass and no intervention could be possible. A basic
available coagulation study revealed no abnormalities and was managed with tyrosine kinase
inhibitors.

Conclusion:

Initial manifestation of CML with pelvic hematoma is uncommon and should undergo
aspiration or drainage to avoid organization of hematoma and compressive symptoms locally.
Abnormal Elevation of the Expression of Costimulatory Molecule CD226 in Graves' Disease: Two Cross-Sectional Studies
Authors: Huang Zhaowei , Liu Xuerong , Cai Tiantian , Jiang Yanfei , Wu Yuqing , Zhang Xinwei , Song Rong-hua , Zhang Jin an
Published: February 2025

Objective:

This study aimed to explore the differential expression of the co-stimulatory
molecule CD226 in lymphocytes from patients with New-Onset Graves' Disease (NOGD) and its
correlation with clinical indicators.

Methods:

Sixty-eight participants were recruited for the discovery experiment (NOGD: healthy
control (HC) = 39:29). Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were isolated. Flow cytometry
was performed to detect CD226 expression on multiple lymphocyte subtypes. CD226 mRNA
expression in PBMCs was detected by qPCR. Fifty-eight participants were recruited for the validation
experiment (NOGD: HC=35:23). CD4+ T cells were isolated, and the level of CD226 mRNA
in CD4+ T cells was detected. Five cases of each of Graves' disease (GD) thyroid and control thyroid
were collected for CD226 immunohistochemical staining.

Results:

CD226 expression was the highest in monocytes (NOGD: 94.1% vs. HC: 94.8%) and the
lowest in CD8+ T cells (NOGD: 65.3% vs. HC: 64.9%). Compared with HC, CD226 expression
on the CD4+ T cells increased in the peripheral blood of NOGD patients and correlated with
TPO-Ab. Meanwhile, CD226 mRNA levels were elevated in CD4+ T cells and positively correlated
with TR-Ab. CD226 expression was significantly increased in the thyroid tissues of GD patients.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates for the first time the elevated expression of CD226 in CD4+
T cells and thyroid tissue of NOGD. The abnormal elevation of CD226 is correlated with clinical
indicators. It suggests that the co-stimulatory molecule CD226 is involved in the pathogenesis of
GD.
Screening Co-Diagnostic Genes for Lung Adenocarcinoma and Myocardial Infarction and Analysis of the Molecular Functions and Drug Value of the Genes
Authors: Du Nannan , Liang Mengting , Liu Zongjun
Published: February 2025

Background:

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of non-small
cell lung cancer, and myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute cardiovascular disease resulting
from the disruption of coronary blood supply. Recent studies have suggested that these two diseases
may share common molecular mechanisms.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to discover common diagnostic genes for LUAD and MI and analyze
their molecular functions and potential drug values by applying bioinformatics analysis.

Objective:

The objective was to provide a theoretical basis for further research on the pathological
mechanisms of LUAD and MI, contributing to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic
strategies for the two diseases.

Methods:

In this study, the datasets of LUAD and MI were obtained from TCGA and GEO
databases, and differential expression analysis was performed to screen significantly differentially
expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, disease-related genes were identified using WGCNA analysis,
and the biological functions of these genes were explored by functional enrichment analysis.
After screening key genes using the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the cytoHubba
algorithm, biomarkers were determined by LASSO and SVM-RFE machine-learning methods. Finally,
immune infiltration analysis and drug prediction were performed, and biomarker expression
was verified by single-cell sequencing analysis.

Results:

A total of 158 differentially upregulated genes were identified between LUAD and MI.
WGCNA analysis screened 86 genes that were significantly associated with both diseases and
were enriched in an inflammatory response and immune regulation-related pathways, such as the
IL-17 signaling pathway. Ten significant genes were identified by the PPI network and cytoHubba
and then reduced to 4 using LASSO and SVM-RFE. Noticeably, MMP9 was significantly overexpressed
in both diseases. Immune infiltration analysis showed that MMP9 was significantly related
to multiple immune cell infiltration. Drug prediction and molecular docking analysis predicted
Ilomastat and Osthole as the potential target drugs. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed that
MMP9 was high-expressed in the macrophages in LUAD tissues.

Conclusion:

This study identified MMP9 as a common diagnostic gene and potential therapeutic
target for both LUAD and MI and revealed its role in inflammation and immune regulation
through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. These findings provided a theoretical basis for further
research on the pathological mechanisms of LUAD and MI, contributing to the development
of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing MicroRNA-126 to Treat Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Nammian Pegah , Asadi-Yousefabad Seyedeh-Leili , Daneshi Seyyed Sajad , Fallahi Jafar , Khajeh Sahar , Tabei Seyed Mohammad Bagher , Razban Vahid
Published: February 2025

Background:

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is considered the most severe form of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Nowadays, using stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to induce angiogenesis seems like a promising method for CLI therapy. Among the many factors that affect the angiogenesis process, microRNA-126 has an important role. Objective: The goal of this study was to increase the angiogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) via using microRNA-126.

Methods:

BMSCs were isolated from male C57BL/6 inbred mice. CLI model was created by femoral artery ligation on C57BL/6 mice. Animals were allocated to control, BMSCs, miR-126, and BMSCsmiR-126 groups, and a defined number of the cells and virus were injected 24 h after surgery. Then, wound-healing assay, functional tests, real-time PCR, histopathological evaluation, and donor cell survival were performed.

Results:

Results showed that BMSCs and miR-126 groups had a positive effect on angiogenesis. BMSCs miR-126 group had a significant effect on functional improvements, endothelial cell migration, neovascularization, and muscle restructures. In vivo evaluation showed that miR-126 could increase BMSCs survival and paracrine secretion of angiogenic factors such as VEGF and led to remarkable functional improvements and neovascularization in ischemic tissues.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that the combination uses of BMSCs and miR-126 lead to more effective recovery from ischemic damage compared with using them alone. MiR-126 can be used as a strong modifier to reinforce the angiogenic potential, paracrine secretion, and survival of the BMSCs.
Development and In-Vitro Evaluation of Azithromycin-Enriched Niosomal Gel for the Management of Eczema
Authors: Kapoor Anupriya , Trivedi Manisha , Shukla Neha , Patel Aman Singh
Published: February 2025

Background:

The goal of the current study was to create Azithromycin-loaded niosomes
and conduct in vitro evaluation for topical eczema management. Eczema is a common dry
skin disorder that causes inflammation and may affect people of any age, mainly in early infancy
ages. Another term for dermatitis is “Derma” which refers to skin, and “dermatitis” “Tis” refers to
inflammation. Both phrases are interchangeably employed. The most prevalent kind of eczema is
atopic eczema, which is also often the most chronic type. Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic
that is employed to treat infection of both the lower and upper respiratory tracts. It also has antimicrobial
properties that help in the treatment of skin infections. The topical appeal of AZM-loaded
niosomal gel can probably reduce side effects associated with drug molecules.

Objectives:

The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate topical gel with loaded
niosomes for sustained effect that could be beneficial for the treatment of eczema. Creating topical
formulations increases drug absorption, diminishes side effects, and improves patient compliance.

Methods:

AZM-loaded niosomes were prepared by Ether injection method by using Span60 and
Brij30 as a surfactant in a ratio of 2:1:1 along with the combination of Cholesterol.

Results:

After several optimization tests, formulation F3 was found to be the best fit for gel formulation.
According to SEM analysis, the shape of the particles was almost spherical. A Zetasizer
measured the mean diameter of the improved formulation and found it to be 576 nm. The entrapment
efficiency of the formulations was found to be 60-89%. Next, employing Carbopol 940,
which acts as the gelling agent, the improved formulation was added to a gel. An evaluation of the
antibacterial activity of Azithromycin's well-known antimicrobial properties, which are crucial for
managing skin infections associated with eczema, was carried out. The optimized formulation exhibited
a zone of inhibition that was 3 mm smaller than that of the pure drug. In-vitro release experiments
revealed 59% release for eight hours.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this research successfully developed a topical Azithromycin-loaded
niosomal gel, demonstrating promising results in terms of particle morphology, size, drug release
profile, and antibacterial activity. The optimized formulation, characterized by its controlled release
and potential for reduced side effects, represents a significant advancement in the topical
treatment of eczema. Future studies should focus on further clinical evaluations and potential modifications
to enhance the efficacy and patient acceptability of the formulation.
Evaluating the Quality, Content Accuracy, and User Suitability of mHealth Prenatal Care Apps for Expectant Mothers: Critical Assessment Study
Authors: Asadollahi Fateme , Ebrahimzadeh Zagami Samira , Eslami Saeid , Latifnejad Roudsari Robab
Published: February 2025

Background

The proliferation of health apps in the digital health landscape has created significant opportunities for health promotion, particularly during pregnancy. However, despite the widespread distribution and popularity of pregnancy mobile apps, there are limited data on their quality and content.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the quality, content accuracy, and suitability of the most popular and freely available Persian mobile health (mHealth) apps for prenatal care in expectant mothers.

Methods

Through a systematic search, a total of 199 apps were screened from available app stores using the search term “pregnancy app” until July 2023. Inclusion criteria were apps in the Farsi language, freely available, downloaded more than 10,000 times, and designed for pregnant women. Ultimately, 9 apps met these criteria. These apps were downloaded onto mobile phones and assessed by 2 independent reviewers using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS), the Coverage and Depth of Information Checklist, and the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM). Statistical analyses explored relationships between app quality metrics and user ratings.

Results

The 9 apps evaluated had an average MARS score of 3.55 (SD 0.61) out of 5. Aesthetics (mean 4.02, SD 0.45) and Functionality (mean 4.11, SD 0.36) scored the highest, followed by Engagement (mean 3.29, SD 0.53) and Information (mean 3.09, SD 0.48). User star ratings did not strongly correlate with MARS scores (r=0.38, P>.05). Regarding health information coverage, 6 out of 9 (66.7%) apps were rated as poor, and 3 (33.3%) as adequate. For SAM, 4 (44.4%) apps were rated as superior and 5 (55.6%) as adequate. No app received a poor score.

Conclusions

The study underscores the need for improved standards in pregnancy app development to enhance educational efficacy and user satisfaction. Health care providers should recommend high-quality pregnancy apps with appropriate content to ensure effective health promotion. These findings contribute to understanding the current landscape of pregnancy apps and highlight areas for future research and regulatory attention.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42023461605; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=461605
Women of the Noyon Estate in the Kalmyk Khanate in the 18th Century: towards the Everyday Life History
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Batmaev Maksim M.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. There are good sketches about the status of the Kalmyk women in everyday life and social relations in the 19th and early 20th centuries in the pre-re­volutionary historical literature on the Kalmyks. The 18th century was an important stage in the formation of new realities in the Kalmyk everyday life and in this regard in the development of socio-psychological mentality. Living in the south of the European Russia, where the spirit of the Cossacks and the fugitive peasantry had a great place in the mentality of the local population, could not fail to affect the Kalmyks, including their women. The aim of the article is to highlight the real situation of the Noyon women in the 18th century and to reveal the new social and living conditions of their life. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, the relevant literature and, for the most part, archival materials introduced into scientific circulation for the first time were used. Historical, historical-comparative and historical-genetic methods were used in the study of the docu­mentary material. Results. In the 18th century the Kalmyk noyons gradually got rid of some of the customs and household regulations that were embarrassing for them. At the same time, the changing social and living conditions introduced new circumstances into the situation of the noyon women. Such a process led to discord in the Noyon fami­lies and made it possible for the Russian administration to intervene in these feuds. Its actions were not always correct.
Russian governmental regulation of the Fishery by Kalmyks in the 1740s
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Kurapov Andrey A.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The article examines the formation and evolution of state re­gulation of fishery by the population of the Kalmyk Khanate in the 1740s, based on the materials of the interdepartmental discussion, correspondence between the Kalmyk khans and viceroys with the government and the regional authorities. The purpose of the article is to study and introduce into scientific circulation a set of unpublished documents related to the state regulation of the Kalmyk fishery, deposited in the I-36 collection “Consisting of the Kalmyk affairs under the Astrakhan governor” of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia, collection 614 “Astrakhan fish office” of the State Archive of the Astrakhan Region. Materials and methods. The object of the analysis were the archival documents from the 1740s: the letter from Khan Donduk-Ombo to the head of the Kalmyk affairs L. V. Boborykin (1741), the response of the government to the appeal of the viceroy Donduk-Dashi (1741), the protocol of negotiations between the Astrakhan governor V. N. Tatishchev and Donduk-Dashi (1742), the letter by Donduk-Dashi to V. N. Tatishchev (1742), the decree of the Gover­ning Senate to the state councilor P. A. Sokovnin (1743). The following methods were used in the study: comparative historical analysis, historical-typological, chronological, historical-genetic methods. Results. The set of documents studied and introduced into scientific circulation in the article is an important source on the history of the Kalmyk fishery, its state regulation. In the letters of Donduk-Ombo and Donduk-Dashi the main reasons for the activation of the Kalmyk fishery in the 40s of the 18th century are determined; the interdepartmental correspondence and instructions to the regional officials are aimed at protecting the interests of Astrakhan fishermen first of all. The examined documents will allow expanding the source base of the research on the specifics and regional dynamics of participation of the national groups in the development of fishery in the Astrakhan province.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ МОРФОЛОГИИ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ТОНКИХ ПЛЕНОК СПИНОВОГО БЕСЩЕЛЕВОГО ПОЛУПРОВОДНИКА CoFeMnSi, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ МЕТОДОМ ИМПУЛЬСНОГО ЛАЗЕРНОГО ОСАЖДЕНИЯ
Authors: Усков Ф.А. , Верюжский И.В.
Published: February 2025

Представлены результаты исследования морфологии поверхности тонких пленок CoFeMnSi, выращенных на подложке MgO (100) методом импульсного лазерного осаждения в зависимости от выбранных технологических параметров изготовления. Показано, что при частоте импульсов лазерного излучения 1–2 Гц и энергии импульсов 150 мДж на подложке MgO (100) Растет тонкая островковая пленка CoFeMnSi со средним диаметром зерен D50% = 16,48 нм и значениями параметров шероховатости Ra = 1,29 нм, Rz = 13,06 нм. Уменьшение частоты импульсного лазерного излучения до 0,5 Гц и использование низкой энергии лазера, равной 150 мДж, приводит к изменению механизма роста пленки на послойно-островковый. Значения параметров шероховатости пленок, осажденных в этом режиме, снижаются до Ra = 0,61 нм и Rz = 11,51 нм. Послойный режим нанесения пленок удалось реализовать путем введения временных пауз, равных 1–2 мин, между нанесением каждого нового атомного слоя CoFeMnSi. Установлено, что выращенные пленки являются сплошными, дефекты и неровности микрорельефа их поверхности сглаживаются. Значения параметров шероховатости образцов, выращенных в послойном режиме, снизились до Ra = 0,31 нм и Rz = 4,60 нм. Изготовление тонких полупроводниковых пленок CoFeMnSi с высоким качеством поверхности открывает возможности для создания гетероструктур на их основе. При выбранных технологических параметрах роста изготовлены структуры MgO/CoFeMnSi/Co, средняя шероховатость поверхности которых составила Ra = 0,17 нм. Результаты работы могут быть использованы для изготовления многослойных структур на основе CoFeMnSi и их применения в устройствах спинтроники.
Análisis estático de código fuente de aplicativos en materia de seguridad informática
Authors: Aguilar Domínguez Angie
Published: February 2025

El análisis estático de código fuente se realizó para detectar vulnerabilidades conocidas que pudieran llegar a ser explotadas, afectando tanto a aplicativos en entornos web como en dispositivos móviles. La revisión de seguridad permitió llevar a cabo el descubrimiento de fallas de seguridad, accionando la implementación de las correcciones necesarias previo a la publicación en entornos productivos. La Dirección General de Cómputo y de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación implementó una metodología que combinó el uso de herramientas automatizadas específicas para este fin; éstas trabajaron en conjunto con la verificación manual de los hallazgos para detectar y descartar posibles falsos positivos, además de considerar elementos correspondientes a la calidad del código que pudieran llegar a interferir en la seguridad de la información. Los hallazgos detectados y verificados fueron clasificados de acuerdo con el nivel de criticidad, siguiendo la metodología de calificación de riesgos propuesta por el Open Web Application Security Project. Se emitió un reporte técnico con los hallazgos, dirigido al equipo de desarrollo, para su adecuada atención y así solventar mejoras a los aplicativos. Posteriormente, se verificó la adecuada implementación de correcciones. El análisis estático de código fuente permitió detectar y remediar vulnerabilidades conocidas a nivel de código en los aplicativos que fueron analizados, colaborando a mejorar la seguridad de la información que con ellos se maneja.