bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE COLLABORATIVE ENVIRONMENT USING THE INTERNET OF THINGS IN THE THEMATIC BASED LEARNING AT THE PRIMARY SCHOOL IN INDONESIA
Authors: Sulisworo Dwi , Suwondo Nanang , Erviana Vera Yuli , Fitrianawati Meita
Published: October 2019

Information and communication technology is growing rapidly and has an enormous influence on various fields of life, including the area of education. The level of penetration of the use of technology is also high in Indonesia. The Internet of things (IoT) is increasingly being used to support various activities. It can be said that IoT provides new opportunities. However, although there are already many uses in multiple fields, the integration of this technology with education is still a problem for educators. Considering the spirit of the National Education Curriculum reform in Indonesia, there are critical changes in managing learning environment, among them the shift from teacher-centered learning to student-centered learning especially with thematic learning in elementary schools. Thematic knowledge has also been developed in several countries with good results to improve various competencies following 21st century learning such as 4C (critical thinking, creativity, communication, and collaboration). The purpose of this study was to create a learning design that integrates IoT in thematic learning in elementary schools on issues about climate change. For this purpose, it was necessary to prepare an Internet of Things based measurement apparatus using node MCU V3 Lolin which can measure temperature, air pressure, air humidity, altitude, light intensity in various places remotely. Furthermore, the design that was validated using expert judgment approach (by learning strategists, physicists, and teachers) was tested on a small group of students in the fifth grade. The USE questionnaire was used to measure student responses. This questionnaire contains four aspects, i.e., usefulness, ease of use, ease of learning, and satisfaction aspects. Based on the finding, this learning design has a potential opportunity for improving student engagement.
Buğdayın Verim ve Kalite Parametrelerinin Toprağın Elektriksel İletkenliği ile İlişkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: YEGÜL Uğur , EMİNOĞLU Maksut Barış , TÜRKER Ufuk
Published: October 2019

Toprağın elektriksel iletkenliği, tekstür, tuzluluk, nem, derinlik gibi
toprak parametrelerinin tespit edilmesinin yanında günümüzde hassas tarım uygulamalarında
da kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Toprağın elektriksel iletkenliği ile ürün verimi
ve protein içeriği ilişkilidir. Geleneksel yöntem ile toprağın elektriksel iletkenliğinin
tespiti çok fazla zaman almakta ve yüksek maliyetlidir. Bu nedenlerden dolayı
günümüzde toprağın elektriksel iletkenliğinin ölçümünde kullanılan çok çeşitli
sensörler geliştirilmiştir. Bu sensörlerin amacı topraktan olabildiğince hızlı,
kolay, güvenilir ve toprak yapısına zarar vermeden veri toplamaktır. Bu
çalışmanın amacı toprağın elektriksel iletkenliğinden faydalanarak buğday
bitkisinin verim ve protein içeriğinin değişimini saptamaktır. Bu çalışma ile
elde edilen veriler ile ürün verimi ve protein içeriği arasında önemli
ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucu arazinin elektriksel iletkenlik
değerleri ile verim değerleri arasındaki ilişkiler (R2) sırasıyla Bezostaja-1
çeşidi için 0,8152, Gün-91 çeşidi için 0,8115, Sagittario çeşidi için 0,7775, Altıntaş-95
çeşidi için 0,7380 ve Gönen-98 çeşidi için 0,8852 olarak bulunmuştur. Arazinin
elektriksel iletkenlik değerleri ile protein içerikleri arasındaki ilişkiler (R2)
 ise sırasıyla Bezostaja-1 çeşidi için
0,8375, Gün-91 çeşidi için 0,8637, Sagittario çeşidi için 0,8561, Altıntaş-95
çeşidi için 0,8598 ve Gönen-98 çeşidi için 0,8852 olarak bulunmuştur.
Başlangıç Yemine İlave Edilen Mısırın Siyah Alaca Buzağılarda Yem Tüketimi ve Büyüme Performansı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: SUCU Ekin , GÜLGÜN Emrah , OKUMUŞ Ahmet
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışma, buzağı başlangıç yemine ilave verilen
bütün mısırın buzağılarda yem tüketimi ve büyüme performansı üzerindeki
etkilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür (doğumdan 63. gün yaşa kadar).
Buzağılar bireysel bölmelere alınmadan önce tartılmıştır. Buzağılar, başlangıç
canlı ağırlıkları ve cinsiyetleri dikkate alınarak rasgele 2 gruba ayrılmıştır.
Buzağılar ilk 3 gün kolostrum ile beslenmişlerdir. Buzağılar 3. günden itibaren
süt ikame yemi ile beslenmişlerdir. Birinci grup hayvanlar süt ikame yemine ek
olarak buzağı başlangıç yemi (Kontrol grubu) ile beslenmişlerdir (10 dişi ve 10
erkek). İkinci grup hayvanlar ise süt ikame yemine ek olarak buzağı başlangıç
yemi ve mısır ile beslenmiştir (10 dişi ve 9 erkek). Katı yemler ve su
buzağılara sınırsız olarak sağlanmıştır. Deneme boyunca, buzağıların doğum
boyları ve doğum ağırlıkları ile canlı ağırlık artışları üzerinde; cinsiyet,
muamele ve muamele x cinsiyet interaksiyonunun etkileri önemsiz bulunmuştur
(P>0.05). Mısır ile beslenen buzağılar kontrol grubu buzağılara göre daha
fazla kuru madde tüketmişlerdir (P<0.01). Deneme boyunca, mısır ile beslenen
buzağıların (1.36) yem değerlendirme etkinlikleri kontrol grubu buzağı yemini
tüketenlere (1.17) göre %14 daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0.01). Bu çalışmanın
sonuçları, ilave mısırın fiziksel formunun buzağı performansını
etkileyebileceğini göstermektedir.
Technological Properties of Xanthan Gums Obtained from Waste Bread Using as a Carbon Source and Performance in Pudding as Model Food
Authors: APAYDIN Demet , DEMİRCİ Ahmet Şükrü , PALABIYIK İbrahim , MİRİK Mustafa , GÜMÜŞ Tuncay
Published: October 2019

Technological properties of aqueous solutions of
xanthan gums produced by various Xanthomonas
species using waste bread (WB) hydrolyzate as a carbon source to reduce the
overall product cost and to utilize waste bread were investigated
and compared with commercial xanthan gum. While the highest water
holding capacity was detected in the commercial xanthan gum, oil holding
capacity was higher in xanthan gums from X. campestris DSM 19000 and X. axonopodis pv. begoniae than commercial gum. Pudding samples were prepared by the
gums obtained and Ostwald de Waele model was successfully described the
behavior. The highest K value were obtained by the sample without gum addition as 161.2 Pa.sn,
this was followed by the sample with the gum from X. axonopodis pv.begoniae
with 139.3 Pa.sn and X.
hortorum pv.pelargonii with 133.2
Pa.sn . n values varied between 0.12 and 0.49 and increased with the
addition of the gum. Therefore,
this study showed that the
pudding samples prepared with the gums from X. axonopodis pv. begoniae and X. hortorum pv. pelargonii isolates using waste bread as substrate were
found to be more resistant to shear rate and angular frequency and had a more
robust gel structure.
KIRŞEHİR İLİNDE YETİŞTİRİLEN SİYAH ALACA SIĞIRLARININ SÜT VERİM ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: GENÇ Serdar
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, Kırşehir ili Damızlık
Sığır Yetiştiricileri Birliği’ne üye 389 işletmedeki Siyah Alaca sığırlara ait 2007-2017
yılları arasında tutulan 4589 adet süt verim kaydı kullanılmıştır. Süt verimi
özelliklerinden 305 gün süt verimi (305 GSV), laktasyon süresi (LS) ve kuruda
kalma süresine (KKS) ve bunlar üzerine buzağılama yılı, laktasyon sırası,
buzağılama mevsimi, işletme faktörünü ve buzağılama yaşının etkileri belirlenmiştir.
Çalışmada 305 GSV, LS ve KKS ortalamaları sırasıyla 7350,5±30,70 kg, 398,2±1,61 gün ve 62,5±17,02
gün olarak hesaplanmıştır. Buzağılama yılı, laktasyon sırası, buzağılama
mevsimi ve işletme büyüklüğünün 305 GSV ve LS üzerine etkileri istatistik
olarak önemlidir (p<0,01). KKS üzerine buzağılama yılının ve işletme
büyüklüğününün etkisi önemli (p<0,01) olup, laktasyon sırası ve buzağılama
mevsiminin etkisi önemsiz (p>0,05) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada doğum
yıllarına göre 305 GSV’nin fenotipik
yönelim 62,6 kg olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma ile Kırşehir
ilinde yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca sığırların süt verim özellikleri belirlenmiştir.
Yıllar itibari ile 305 GSV bakımından istatistik olarak önemli farklılıklar
olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Metode mikrokoloni (slide culture) sebagai metode diagnostic alternative yang lebih cepat untuk diagnosis tuberculosis paru
Authors: Budi Koendhori Eko , Harsono Setio
Published: October 2019

Despite wide distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia, its diagnosis is still an important issue to be dealt with. Fourty seven sputums from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Surabaya were examined to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis using three methods, i.e. the acidfast stain Ziehl Neelsen, microcolony (slide culture) and Lowenstein Jensen. Sputums were collected spontaneously from the patients. All of them were decontaminated and centrifuged. After the supernatant fluids were carefully decanted, the sediments were resuspended in 1 ml of 10 mMphosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and the suspensions were then inoculated on to two 76 x 13 mm glass microscope slides. One of them was stained by Ziehl Neelsen method and the other was inoculated into microcolony media for seven days and the waste suspension was inoculated into LowensteinJensen media. The results of the microcolony method analysis were compared with the Ziehl Neelsen staining. Employing McNemar test, a significant difference was observed between the microcolony method and the Ziehl Neelsen staining (?² = 5,88). The sensitivity and spesificity ofmicrocolony were 100% and 89% while the Ziehl Neelsen were 60% and 84% respectively. In conclusions microcolony method was better compared with the Ziehl Neelsen staining in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microcolony method was able to reduce time required todetect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patient suspected with pulmonary tuberculosis.
Prevalensi defisiensi Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) pada anak Sekolah Dasar yang tinggal di daerah endemis malaria di Sulawesi utara
Authors: S.B Tuda Josef , J. Kepel Billy , Nakatsu Masami , Matsuoka Hiroyuki
Published: October 2019

Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the most common enzyme disorder in the world with a very high incidence in the tropics and sub-tropics as a result of malaria selection. North Sulawesi is a part of Indonesian archipelago where malaria has been endemic. This study was aimed to examine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the region. An observational cross sectional study was conducted on primary school students belong to different ethnic groups. The purposive sampling method was used to select 442 study subjects, age 5-9 years. The G6PDdeficiency screening test was carried out using G6PD-assay kit. The prevalences of G6PDdeficiency male students were 0% in the Minahasans, 7,4%-12,0% in the Sangihenese, and 4,0%10,3% in the Bolaang Mongondownese. The results suggest that the highest prevalence of G6PD deficiency was in the Sangihe ethnic group. Further molecular analysis would be beneficial to study the genetic relationship of those populations with other neighboring population.
Perlukah menghitung ukuran sampel?
Authors: Murti Bhisma
Published: October 2019

Sample size is an issue worth-considering but not the most essential thing to fulfil for a good research. A much more crucial cause of concern to any research is the validity of inference a research is drawing, i.e. the extent to which the research is able to control systematic error that stems from bias and confounding. Sample size refers to random error; it does not address nor correct systematic error. The larger sample size, the less random error, the more precise estimates a research can yield about difference/ association/ effect of a variable(s). Most of the assignment of values in any sample size formula is arbitrary. As such, the product of estimating sample size, regardless of the formula being used,  cannot be viewed as an absolute end; the actual sample size can be larger or smaller than the estimated one. Beyond statistical aspect, several other important factors should be considered when estimating sample size, such as ethics, cost, and the amount oftime available for conducting the research.
Light-Stress Influences the Composition of the Murine Gut Microbiome, Memory Function, and Plasma Metabolome
Authors: Kim Young-Mo , Snijders Antoine M. , Brislawn Colin J. , Stratton Kelly G. , Zink Erika M. , Fansler Sarah J. , Metz Thomas O. , Mao Jian-Hua , Jansson Janet K.
Published: October 2019

The gut microbiome plays an important role in the mammalian host and when in proper balance helps protect health and prevent disease. Host environmental stress and its influence on the gut microbiome, health, and disease is an emerging area of research. Exposures to unnatural light cycles are becoming increasingly common due to travel and shift work. However, much remains unknown about how these changes influence the microbiome and host health. This information is needed to understand and predict the relationship between the microbiome and host response to altered sleep cycles. In the present study, we exposed three cohorts of mice to different light cycle regimens for 12 consecutive weeks; including continuous light, continuous dark, and a standard light dark regimen consisting of 12 h light followed by 12 h of dark. After exposure, motor and memory behavior, and the composition of the fecal microbiome and plasma metabolome were measured. Memory potential was significantly reduced in mice exposed to continuous light, whereas rotarod performance was minimally affected. The overall composition of the microbiome was relatively constant over time. However,Bacteroidales Rikenellaceaewas relatively more abundant in mice exposed to continuous dark, whileBacteroidales S24-7was relatively more abundant in mice exposed to continuous light. The plasma metabolome after the continuous dark exposure differed from the other exposure conditions. Several plasma metabolites, including glycolic acid, tryptophan, pyruvate, and several unidentified metabolites, were correlated to continuous dark and light exposure conditions. Networking analyses showed that serotonin was positively correlated with three microbial families (Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, andTuricibacteraceae), while tryptophan was negatively correlated with abundance ofBacteroidales S24-7based on light exposure. This study provides the foundation for future studies into the mechanisms underlying the role of the gut microbiome on the murine host during light-dark stress.
Transcription Factor Elf3 Modulates Vasopressin-Induced Aquaporin-2 Gene Expression in Kidney Collecting Duct Cells
Authors: Lin Shu-Ting , Ma Chia-Ching , Kuo Kuang-Ting , Su Yin-Fang , Wang Wei-Ling , Chan Tzu-Hsien , Su Shih-Han , Weng Shih-Che , Yang Chian-Huei , Lin Shuei-Liong , Yu Ming-Jiun
Published: October 2019

Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) is a molecular water channel protein responsible for water reabsorption by the kidney collecting ducts. Many water balance disorders are associated with defects in AQP2 gene expression regulated by the peptide hormone vasopressin. Here, we studied roles of Elf3 (E26 transformation-specific (Ets)-related transcription factor 3) in AQP2 gene expression in the collecting duct cells (mpkCCD). Vasopressin increased AQP2 mRNA and protein levels without affecting AQP2 mRNA degradation, indicative of transcriptional regulation. Elf3 knockdown and overexpression, respectively, reduced and increased AQP2 gene expression under basal and vasopressin-stimulated conditions. However, the vasopressin-to-basal ratios of AQP2 gene expression levels remained constant, indicating that Elf3 does not directly mediate vasopressin response but modulates the level of AQP2 gene expression inducible by vasopressin. The Elf3-modulated AQP2 gene expression was associated with AQP2 promoter activity, in line with Elf3’s ability to bind an Ets element in the AQP2 promoter. Mutation in the Ets element reduced both basal and vasopressin-stimulated AQP2 promoter activity, again without affecting vasopressin-to-basal ratios of the AQP2 promoter activity. Lithium chloride reduced both Elf3 and AQP2 mRNA in the mpkCCD cells as well as in mouse kidney inner medulla. We conclude that Elf3 modulates AQP2 promoter activity thereby gauging vasopressin-inducible AQP2 gene expression levels. Our data provide a potential explanation to lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus where lithium reduces Elf3 and hence AQP2 abundance.
A New Coding Paradigm for the Primitive Relay Channel
Authors: Mondelli Marco , Hassani S. Hamed , Urbanke Rüdiger
Published: October 2019

We consider the primitive relay channel, where the source sends a message to the relay and to the destination, and the relay helps the communication by transmitting an additional message to the destination via a separate channel. Two well-known coding techniques have been introduced for this setting: decode-and-forward and compress-and-forward. In decode-and-forward, the relay completely decodes the message and sends some information to the destination; in compress-and-forward, the relay does not decode, and it sends a compressed version of the received signal to the destination using Wyner–Ziv coding. In this paper, we present a novel coding paradigm that provides an improved achievable rate for the primitive relay channel. The idea is to combine compress-and-forward and decode-and-forward via a chaining construction. We transmit over pairs of blocks: in the first block, we use compress-and-forward; and, in the second block, we use decode-and-forward. More specifically, in the first block, the relay does not decode, it compresses the received signal via Wyner–Ziv, and it sends only part of the compression to the destination. In the second block, the relay completely decodes the message, it sends some information to the destination, and it also sends the remaining part of the compression coming from the first block. By doing so, we are able to strictly outperform both compress-and-forward and decode-and-forward. Note that the proposed coding scheme can be implemented with polar codes. As such, it has the typical attractive properties of polar coding schemes, namely, quasi-linear encoding and decoding complexity, and error probability that decays at super-polynomial speed. As a running example, we take into account the special case of the erasure relay channel, and we provide a comparison between the rates achievable by our proposed scheme and the existing upper and lower bounds.
Nondestructive and Continuous Fresh Weight Measurements of Bell Peppers Grown in Soilless Culture Systems
Authors: Lee Joon Woo , Son Jung Eek
Published: October 2019

Fresh weight is a direct index of crop growth. It is difficult to continuously measure the fresh weight of bell peppers grown in soilless cultures, however, due to the difficulty in identifying the moisture condition of crops and growing media. The objective of this study was to develop a continuous and nondestructive measuring system for the fresh weight of bell peppers grown in soilless cultures considering the moisture content of growing media. The system simultaneously measures the trellis string’s supported weight and gravitational weight using tensile load cells. The moisture weight of growing media was calibrated during the growth period using changes in moisture content before and after the first irrigation of the day. The most stable time period for the measurement, from 03:00 to 06:00, was determined by analyzing the diurnal change in relative water content. To verify the accuracy of the system, the fruits, stems, leaves, and roots’ fresh weights were measured manually. The fresh weights measured by the developed system were in good agreement with those manually measured. The results confirm that our system can reliably and accurately measure fresh weights of bell peppers grown in soilless cultures. This method can be applied to continuous growth data collection for other crops grown in soilless cultures.
Goat Dairy Product Assortment in Different Sales Channels in Northwestern Italy
Authors: Massaglia Stefano , Borra Danielle , Merlino Valentina Maria
Published: October 2019

An analysis of goat dairy-based product assortment was carried out in the metropolitan area of Turin (Northwestern Italy), considering three different sales channels: large-scale retail chains, retail stores, and direct sales in farmers’ markets (FMs). The survey results show a widespread presence of goat products in the Turin market. In each type of selected distribution channel, characterized by its own peculiarities, products differed both in terms of reference numbers and assortment; they were better in large-scale retail distribution, both in terms of quality and typicality, whereas specialized retail and direct sales were better equipped. Furthermore, given the importance of the sector at the regional level, we also focused, through the analysis of product origin, on the fact that local provenience increases from large-scale distribution to fully regional farmers’ markets. The mean price was different, being lower in direct sales at FMs, and medium to high and high at retail sales, as they are considered high quality niche products. The offer is correlated and in agreement with consumer targets (modern, ethical, and traditional), finding the "ideal" product in the different types offered, however, even if the results underline the potential of this sector, the fragmentation of the goat sector in Piedmont still represents a limit to expansion, and to the positioning of products in the market.
Improving Accuracy of Contactless Respiratory Rate Estimation by Enhancing Thermal Sequences with Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Kwasniewska Alicja , Ruminski Jacek , Szankin Maciej
Published: October 2019

Estimation of vital signs using image processing techniques have already been proved to have a potential for supporting remote medical diagnostics and replacing traditional measurements that usually require special hardware and electrodes placed on a body. In this paper, we further extend studies on contactless Respiratory Rate (RR) estimation from extremely low resolution thermal imagery by enhancing acquired sequences using Deep Neural Networks (DNN). To perform extensive benchmark evaluation, we acquired two thermal datasets using FLIR® cameras with a spatial resolution of 80 × 60 and 320 × 240 from 71 volunteers in total. In-depth analysis of the proposed Convolutional-based Super Resolution model showed that for images downscaled with a factor of 2 and then super-resolved using Deep Learning (DL) can lead to better RR estimation accuracy than from original high-resolution sequences. In addition, if an estimator based on a dominating peak in the frequency domain is used, SR can outperform original data for a down-scale factor of 4 and images as small as 20 × 15 pixels. Our study also showed that RR estimation accuracy is better for super-resolved data than for images with color changes magnified using algorithms previously applied in the literature for enhancing vital signs patterns.
Aerodynamic Damping Prediction for Turbomachinery Based on Fluid-Structure Interaction with Modal Excitation
Authors: Li Jianxiong , Yang Xiaodong , Hou Anping , Chen Yingxiu , Li Manlu
Published: October 2019

Aerodynamic damping predictions are critical when analyzing aeroelastic stability. A novel method has been developed to predict aerodynamic damping by employing two single time-domain simulations, specifically, one with the blade impulsed naturally in a vacuum and one with the blade impulsed in flow. The focus is on the aerodynamic damping prediction using modal excitation and the logarithmic decrement theory. The method is demonstrated by considering the first two bending modes with an inter-blade phase angle (IBPA) of 0° on a transonic compressor. The results show that the flutter boundary prediction is basically consistent with the experiment. The aerodynamic damping prediction with an IBPA of 180° is also performed, demonstrating that the method is suitable for different traveling wave mode representations. Furthermore, the influence of the amplitude of modal excitation and mechanical damping using the Rayleigh damping model for aerodynamic damping was also investigated by employing fluid-structure coupled simulations.
Particle Number Measurements Directly from the Tailpipe for Type Approval of Heavy-Duty Engines
Authors: Giechaskiel Barouch , Lähde Tero , Schwelberger Matthias , Kleinbach Timo , Roske Helge , Teti Enrico , van den Bos Tim , Neils Patrick , Delacroix Christophe , Jakobsson Tobias , Lu Karlsson Hua
Published: October 2019

The type approval of heavy-duty engines requires measurement of particulates downstream of a proportional to the exhaust flow partial flow dilution system. However, for particle number systems, which measure in real time, this is not necessary and a fixed dilution could be used. In order to assess this dilution possibility, an inter-laboratory exercise was conducted, where a “Golden” system measuring directly from the tailpipe with “hot” (150 °C) fixed dilution was compared with the laboratory regulated systems. Additional “Golden” counters were measuring from 10 nm, below the current cut-off size of 23 nm defined in the regulation, in order to collect data below 23 nm and to confirm that the direct sampling is also possible for smaller sizes. Seven diesel engines and two CNG (compressed naturals gas) engines were used in six laboratories. The results of the “Golden” instruments were within 25% in most cases, reaching 40% in two laboratories for both >23 nm and >10 nm. The repeatability of the measurements (10% to 40%) remained the same for both systems with both cut-off sizes. One test with regeneration showed clear difference between the 10 nm systems, indicating that the thermal pre-treatment only with evaporation tube might not be adequate. Another system measuring from the tailpipe with a fixed “cold” (at ambient temperature) dilution gave differences of up to 50% in most cases (on average +26%). Dedicated tests with this system showed that the differences were the same with fixed or proportional dilution, indicating that it is not the concept that resulted in the overestimation, but the calibration of the system. The main conclusion of this study is that direct sampling with fixed dilution from the tailpipe can be introduced in the future regulation.
Sample Reduction Strategies for Protein Secondary Structure Prediction
Authors: Atasever Sema , Aydın Zafer , Erbay Hasan , Sabzekar Mostafa
Published: October 2019

Predicting the secondary structure from protein sequence plays a crucial role in estimating the 3D structure, which has applications in drug design and in understanding the function of proteins. As new genes and proteins are discovered, the large size of the protein databases and datasets that can be used for training prediction models grows considerably. A two-stage hybrid classifier, which employs dynamic Bayesian networks and a support vector machine (SVM) has been shown to provide state-of-the-art prediction accuracy for protein secondary structure prediction. However, SVM is not efficient for large datasets due to the quadratic optimization involved in model training. In this paper, two techniques are implemented on CB513 benchmark for reducing the number of samples in the train set of the SVM. The first method randomly selects a fraction of data samples from the train set using a stratified selection strategy. This approach can remove approximately 50% of the data samples from the train set and reduce the model training time by 73.38% on average without decreasing the prediction accuracy significantly. The second method clusters the data samples by a hierarchical clustering algorithm and replaces the train set samples with nearest neighbors of the cluster centers in order to improve the training time. To cluster the feature vectors, the hierarchical clustering method is implemented, for which the number of clusters and the number of nearest neighbors are optimized as hyper-parameters by computing the prediction accuracy on validation sets. It is found that clustering can reduce the size of the train set by 26% without reducing the prediction accuracy. Among the clustering techniques Ward’s method provided the best accuracy on test data.
Brazilian Art and the Dilemma of Globalization: Strategies of Internationalization and Cultural Affirmation in Two 1990s Biennials
Authors: Morethy Couto Maria de Fátima
Published: October 2019

This paper will address specifically the 24th edition of the São Paulo Biennial (1998), which took up Oswald de Andrade’s concept of anthropophagy as a guiding axis, but it will also bring to light the first edition of the Mercosul Biennial, which was held in 1997 in the city of Porto Alegre, situated in the south of Brazil, with the intention of establishing itself as a space for promotion of Latin American art. Both biennials are private entities, supported by autonomous foundations, but which require public funds to carry out their shows. It is noteworthy that those two shows were held a few years after the third edition of the Havana Biennial, which is widely recognized as a landmark in the history of the biennials based on South–South dialogue. I will point out the connections between the proposals of these exhibitions as well as relate them to the Brazilian economic situation at the time and the dilemma of globalization.
On One Problems of Spectral Theory for Ordinary Differential Equations of Fractional Order
Authors: Aleroev Temirkhan
Published: October 2019

The present paper is devoted to the spectral analysis of operators induced by fractional differential equations and boundary conditions of Sturm-Liouville type. It should be noted that these operators are non-self-adjoint. The spectral structure of such operators has been insufficiently explored. In particular, a study of the completeness of systems of eigenfunctions and associated functions has begun relatively recently. In this paper, the completeness of the system of eigenfunctions and associated functions of one class of non-self-adjoint integral operators corresponding boundary value problems for fractional differential equations is established. The proof is based on the well-known Theorem of M.S. Livshits on the spectral decomposition of linear non-self-adjoint operators, as well as on the sectoriality of the fractional differentiation operator. The results of Dzhrbashian-Nersesian on the asymptotics of the zeros of the Mittag-Leffler function are used.
Development of a Polymeric Arrayed Waveguide Grating Interrogator for Fast and Precise Lithium-Ion Battery Status Monitoring
Authors: Meyer Jan , Nedjalkov Antonio , Pichler Elke , Kelb Christian , Schade Wolfgang
Published: October 2019

We present the manufacturing and utilization of an all-polymer arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) interacting with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) for battery status monitoring on the example of a 40 Ah lithium-ion battery. The AWG is the main component of a novel low-cost approach for an optical interrogation unit to track the FBG peak wavelength by means of intensity changes monitored by a CMOS linear image sensor, read out by a Teensy 3.2 microcontroller. The AWG was manufactured using laser direct lithography as an all-polymer-system, whereas the FBG was produced by point-by-point femtosecond laser writing. Using this system, we continuously monitored the strain variation of a battery cell during low rate charge and discharge cycles over one month under constant climate conditions and compared the results to parallel readings of an optical spectrum analyzer with special attention to the influence of the relative air humidity. We found our low-cost interrogation unit is capable of precisely and reliably capturing the typical strain variation of a high energy pouch cell during cycling with a resolution of 1 pm and shows a humidity sensitivity of −12.8 pm per %RH.
Post-Craniopharyngioma and Cranial Nerve-VI Palsy Update on a MS Patient with Major Depression and Concurrent Neuroimmune Conditions
Authors: Sachinvala Navzer D. , Stergiou Angeline , Haines Duane E. , Kocharian Armen , Lawton Andrew
Published: October 2019

We report the case of a male multiple sclerosis (MS) patient with type 2 diabetes (T2D), asthma, major depression (MD or major depressive disorder, MDD), and other chronic conditions, after his recent difficulties with craniopharyngioma and cranial nerve-VI (CN6) palsy. In addition, we show magnetic resonance image and spectroscopy (MRI, MRS), Humphrey’s Visual Field (HVF), and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) findings to explain the changes in the patient’s health, and discuss the methods that helped/help him sustain productivity and euthymia despite long-standing problems and new CNS changes.
EP4 and Class III β-Tubulin Expression in Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors: Implications for Prognosis and Treatment
Authors: Reader Jocelyn , Harper Amy K. , Legesse Teklu , Staats Paul N. , Goloubeva Olga , Rao Gautam G. , Fulton Amy , Roque Dana M.
Published: October 2019

The microtubule-stabilizing agent docetaxel in combination with gemcitabine represents one of the most effective regimens against the aggressive gynecologic tumor leiomyosarcoma (LMS). Upregulation of class III β-tubulin has previously been shown to confer taxane resistance in a variety of human cancers. Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 is linked to progression of a variety of human cancers and may represent a novel target for tumor inhibition in LMS. We evaluated the hypotheses that EP4 and class III β-tubulin have increased expression in LMS in comparison to normal myometrium or benign tumors and that expression of class III β-tubulin correlates with resistance to taxanes and poor clinical outcome. Gene expression was examined using TCGA data and correlated with clinicopathologic outcome which demonstrated that class III β-tubulin is more highly expressed in more aggressive sarcomas with EP4 being widely expressed in all subtypes of sarcoma. Immunohistochemistry for EP4 and class III β-tubulin was performed on patients with LMS, leiomyomatosis/STUMP, leiomyoma, and normal myometrium. Expression of EP4 and class III β-tubulin were characterized for cell lines SK-UT-1, SK-UT-1B, and PHM-41 and these cell lines were treated with docetaxel alone and in combination with EP4 inhibitors. In taxane-resistant cell lines that overexpress class III β-tubulin and EP4, treatment with EP4 inhibitor resulted in at least 2-fold sensitization to docetaxel. Expression of class III β-tubulin and EP4 in LMS may identify patients at risk of resistance to standard chemotherapies and candidates for augmentation of therapy through EP4 inhibition.
Targeting Programmed Fusobacterium nucleatum Fap2 for Colorectal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ganesan Kumar , Guo Songhe , Fayyaz Sundaz , Zhang Ge , Xu Baojun
Published: October 2019

Colorectal patients generally have the maximum counts of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in tumors and elevate colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, which show the lowest rate of human survival. Hence, F. nucleatum is a diagnostic marker of colorectal cancer (CRC). Studies demonstrated that targeting fusobacterial Fap2 or polysaccharide of the host epithelium may decrease fusobacteria count in the CRC. Attenuated F. nucleatum-Fap2 prevents transmembrane signals and inhibits tumorigenesis inducing mechanisms. Hence, in this review, we hypothesized that application of genetically programmed fusobacterium can be skillful and thus reduce fusobacterium in the CRC. Genetically programmed F. nucleatum is a promising antitumor strategy.
Optimized Pore Structures of Hierarchical HY Zeolites for Highly Selective Production of Methyl Methoxyacetate
Authors: Chen Fei , Zhang Dongxi , Shi Lei , Wang Yan , Xu Guangwen
Published: October 2019

Several organic templates were introduced during acid or alkaline treatment to optimize pore structures of hierarchical HY zeolites. The influences of category and concentration of templates on the pore structures and acidity of hierarchical HY zeolites were systemically studied. The N2 adsorption-desorption showed that the micropore amount of the optimized HY zeolites obviously increased, while both the large mesopore size and amount remained almost unchanged. The XRD and NH3-TPD revealed that the optimized HY zeolites exhibited higher relative crystallinity and medium-strong acid sites amount than those of hierarchical HY zeolites produced without the addition of templates. The optimized HY zeolites were used for the synthesis of methyl methoxyacetate (MMAc) from dimethoxymethane (DMM) carbonylation. In comparison with parent HY, the conversion and the selectivity clearly increased from 36.43% to 96.32% and from 11.06% to 92.35%, respectively. The stability of the optimized zeolite was also conducted under the same conditions. The conversion and the selectivity remained nearly unchanged even through 24 h reaction, showing that the performance was extremely stable. The TG-DTA and GC-MS also indicated that the generation of coke was effectively inhibited. This catalyst treatment method, which is facile and highly efficient, provided a route for producing mesoporous zeolites.
Inhibition of JAK-STAT Signaling with Baricitinib Reduces Inflammation and Improves Cellular Homeostasis in Progeria Cells
Authors: Liu Chang , Arnold Rouven , Henriques Gonçalo , Djabali Karima
Published: October 2019

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a rare premature aging disorder that leads to death at an average age of 14.7 years due to myocardial infarction or stroke, is caused by mutations in the LMNA gene. Nearly 90% of HGPS cases carry the G608G mutation within exon 11 that generates a truncated prelamin A protein “progerin”. Progerin accumulates in HGPS cells and induces premature senescence at the cellular and organismal levels. Children suffering from HGPS develop numerous clinical features that overlap with normal aging, including atherosclerosis, arthritis, hair loss and lipodystrophy. To determine whether an aberrant signaling pathway might underlie the development of these four diseases (atherosclerosis, arthritis, hair loss and lipodystrophy), we performed a text mining analysis of scientific literature and databases. We found a total of 17 genes associated with all four pathologies, 14 of which were linked to the JAK1/2-STAT1/3 signaling pathway. We report that the inhibition of the JAK-STAT pathway with baricitinib, a Food and Drug Administration-approved JAK1/2 inhibitor, restored cellular homeostasis, delayed senescence and decreased proinflammatory markers in HGPS cells. Our ex vivo data using human cell models indicate that the overactivation of JAK-STAT signaling mediates premature senescence and that the inhibition of this pathway could show promise for the treatment of HGPS and age-related pathologies.
Stakeholder Perceptions of Point-of-Care Ultrasound Implementation in Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Maw Anna , Galvin Brittany , Henri Ricardo , Yao Micheal , Exame Bruno , Fleshner Michelle , Fort Meredith , Morris Megan
Published: October 2019

Background: Nearly half of the world lacks access to diagnostic imaging. Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is a versatile and relatively affordable imaging modality that offers promise as a means of bridging the radiology gap and improving care in low resource settings. Methods: We performed semi-structured interviews of key stakeholders at two diverse hospitals where POCUS implementation programs had recently been conducted: one in a rural private hospital in Haiti and the other in a public referral hospital in Malawi. Questions regarding the clinical utility of POCUS, as well as barriers and facilitators of its implementation, were asked of study participants. Using the Framework Method, analysis of interview transcripts was guided by the WHO ASSURED criteria for point of care diagnostics. Results: Fifteen stakeholders with diverse roles in POCUS implementation were interviewed. Interviewees from both sites considered POCUS a valuable diagnostic tool that improved clinical decisions. They perceived barriers to adequate training as one of the most important remaining barriers to POCUS implementation. Conclusions: In spite of the increasing affordability and portability of ultrasounds devices, there are still important barriers to the implementation of POCUS in resource-limited settings.
Study of Full-Duplex Communication with Excellent Security by 3-Level Communication Method
Authors: Park Seong-Mi , Park Sung-Jun , Lim Sang-Kil
Published: October 2019

Currently, the industry is using the MODBUS communication method, utilizing RS485 for the distributed equipment and network construction. This method has a rather good transmission and reception distance but has a disadvantage in that it is a half-duplex communication method that cannot simultaneously transmit and receive. Therefore, there is a great need for a full-duplex communication system that can simultaneously transmit and receive two-wire communications. Therefore, in this paper, we propose new communication hardware equipment that can implement a full-duplex communication method by communication signal level in order to overcome the disadvantage of communication speed when using a full-duplex communication method by time division method. The proposed communication hardware is a structure that can transmit and receive at the same time in such a way that two pieces of equipment communicating by two-wire communication can apply the outgoing signal to the same communication line and detect the received signal at the same time. Therefore, the receiving side can analyze the received signal based on the information on the current transmission signal. This signal can only be analyzed by the two communicating devices, indicating that communication security is very good.
An Improved UAV-PHD Filter-Based Trajectory Tracking Algorithm for Multi-UAVs in Future 5G IoT Scenarios
Authors: Tang Tao , Hong Tao , Hong Haohui , Ji Senyuan , Mumtaz Shahid , Cheriet Mohamed
Published: October 2019

The 5G cellular network is expected to provide core service platform for the expanded Internet of Things (IoT) by supporting enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC). Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, provide civil, commercial, and government services in various fields. Particularly in a 5G IoT scenario, UAV-aided network communications will fulfill an increasingly important role and will require the tracking of multiple UAV targets. As UAVs move quickly, maintaining the stability of the communication connection in 5G will be a challenge. Therefore, it is necessary to track the trajectory of UAVs. At present, the GM-PHD filter has a problem that the new target intensity must be known, and it cannot obtain the moving target trajectory and the influence of the clutter is likely to cause false alarm. A UAV-PHD filter is proposed in this work to improve the traditional GM-PHD filter by applying machine learning to the emergency detection and trajectory tracking of UAV targets. An out-of-sight detection algorithm for multiple UAVs is then presented to improve tracking performance. The method is assessed by simulation using MATLAB, and OSPA distance is utilized as an evaluation indicator. The simulation results illustrate that the proposed method can be applied to the tracking of multiple UAV targets in future 5G-IoT scenarios, and the performance is superior to the traditional GM-PHD filter.
An Aging-Degree Evaluation Method for IGBT Bond Wire with Online Multivariate Monitoring
Authors: Hu Zilang , Ge Xinglai , Xie Dong , Zhang Yichi , Yao Bo , Dai Jian , Yang Fengbo
Published: October 2019

The aging fracture of bonding wire is one of the main reasons for failure of insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). This paper proposes an online monitoring method for IGBT bonding wire aging that does not interfere with the normal operation of the IGBT module. A quantitative analysis of aging degree was first performed, and the results of multivariate and univariate monitoring were compared. Based on the relationship between the monitoring parameters and the aging of the IGBT bonding wire, gradual damage of the IGBT bond wire was implemented to simulate aging failure and obtain the aging data. Moreover, the change of junction temperature was considered to regulate monitoring parameters. Then, the aging degree was evaluated by an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm. The experimental results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Research on Double-Layer Optimized Configuration of Multi-Energy Storage in Regional Integrated Energy System with Connected Distributed Wind Power
Authors: Zhang Quanming , Ren Zhichao , Ma Ruiguang , Tang Ming , He Zhongxiao
Published: October 2019

With the wide application of multi-energy storage technology in the regional integrated energy system, the configuration of multi-energy storage devices is expected to enhance the economic benefits of regional integrated energy systems. To start with, in this paper, the basic framework of the regional integrated energy system is constructed, and a mathematical model of micro-gas turbine, gas boiler, distributed wind power and multi-energy storage device is established. Then, the multi-energy storage and double-layer planning configuration model with multi-energy complementation is established. The upper level of the model aims to minimize the comprehensive investment cost of multi-energy storage, while the lower level of the model aims to minimize the comprehensive systematic operating cost, in which the net losses cost is also included and the required multi-energy storage capacity from the upper level is set as its constraint. During the programming and problem solving, the second-order conic relaxation technology is introduced to realize the convex relaxation for power flow constraint. At the same time, the piecewise linearization method is adopted to deal with the natural gas pipeline flow constraint, which can convert the original model into a mixed integer programming problem. In the end, the example analysis is carried out in the IEEE 33-bus system and the improved 6-node natural gas system. The results show that the multi-energy storage technology can improve the economics of the regionally integrated energy system to a certain extent, and have verified the validity of the model.
An Integration Optimization Method for Power Collection Systems of Offshore Wind Farms
Authors: Wang Long , Wu Jianghai , Tang Zeling , Wang Tongguang
Published: October 2019

The traditional power collection system design separately optimizes the connection topology and the cable cross sections, which may result in the inherent shortcoming of lacking the most economical solutions. In this pursuit, the present work envisages the development of an integrated design method for general wind farm power collection systems, which integrated the coupling random fork tree coding, union-find set loop identification, current and voltage drop calculation models, and a high performance optimization algorithm. The proposed coupling random fork tree coding, for the first time, realized the coupling code of the substation location, connection topology, and cable cross sections, providing the basis for the integration design of the power collection system. The optimization results for discrete and regular wind farms indicated that the proposed integration method achieved the best match of topology, substation location, and the cable cross sections, thus presenting the most economical scheme of the power collection system. Compared to the traditional two-step methods, the integration method used more branches while acquiring them, to maintain the lower number of wind turbines in each branch. Furthermore, it also employed large cross-section cables to reduce the energy loss caused by the impedance in the topology, thereby resulting in a slight increased cable cost; however, the total cost was minimized. The proposed method is very versatile and suitable for the optimization of power collection systems containing any number of wind turbines and substations, and can be combined with any evolutionary algorithm.