bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity and Metabolic Abnormalities Among 12-15 Year Age Group in an Urban City in Sri-Lanka
Authors: Kiridana Vasana , Karunaratne Ruchira , Ranasinghe Jagath Chaminda , Munasinghe Thilini Surenika , Karunadasa Umeshi Ishanthika , Vidanapathirana Gihani Udeshika , Abeygoonaratne Sameera Prabhath , Perera Madhawa , Bogahapitiya Anuradha , Jayathilaka Geethanjalee , Udupihilla Jeewani , Tennakoon Sampath , Abeysekera Chandra
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of childhood overweight, obesity and metabolic abnormalities among children aged 12-15 years within the schools in Kandy Municipality area, Sri Lanka. DesignCross- sectional observational study.SettingRandomly selected schools in Kandy municipality areaMethodsThe anthropometric measurements of 1766 school children were taken and those who were overweight or obese were recruited for further evaluation of metabolic abnormalities.ResultsThere were 1053 (59.62%) boys and 713 (40.37%) girls of whom 258 (14.60%) were overweight or obese (7.81% overweight and 6.79% obese). This included 106 girls of whom, 64 were overweight and 42 were obese and 152 boys of whom, 74 and 78 were overweight and obese respectively. Central obesity was seen in 16.93% and 5.01% of them had normal body mass index. Eighty-five children out of the 258 with body mass index > 85th percentile reported for further evaluation and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among them was 11.67% (5 girls and 5 boys). When borderline and abnormal levels of lipids were taken together, more than 50% of overweight and obese children were found to have dyslipidaemia. Elevated Alanine Amino Transaminase and Aspartate Amino Transaminase levels were reported in 33 (38.82%) and 7 (8.24%) respectively. Evidence of fatty liver was present in 34.69% based on abdominal ultra sound scan findings.ConclusionWhile prevalence rates of overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome are comparable with other urban settings in the country as well as neighbouring countries in Asia, the study highlights the detection of lipid abnormalities suggestive of familial hyperlipidaemia which warrants further evaluation. NAFLD is also identified as a significant comorbidity. Central obesity is underestimated by British standards.
Effects of Short-Term Methionine and Cysteine Restriction and Enrichment With Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Oral Glucose Tolerance, Plasma Amino Acids, Fatty Acids, Lactate and Pyruvate: Results From a Pilot Study
Authors: Olsen Thomas , Øvrebø Bente , Turner Cheryl , Bastani Nasser , Refsum Helga , Vinknes Kathrine
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveIn this 7-day pilot study we randomized healthy, normal-weight men and women to either a dietary intervention with methionine and cysteine restriction enriched in PUFA (Met/Cyslow+PUFA, n = 7) or with high contents of methionine, cysteine and SFA (Met/Cyshigh+SFA, n = 7). The objective was to describe the short-term responses in the oral glucose tolerance, amino acid profile, total fatty acid profile, pyruvate and lactate following a Met/Cyslow+PUFA diet vs. Met/Cyshigh+SFA.ResultsThe diet groups consisted of five women and two men, aged 20-38 years. After the 7-d intervention median pre- and post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose concentrations were 5 mmol/L and 4 mmol/L respectively, in the Met/Cyslow+PUFA group. In the Met/Cyshigh+SFA group median pre- and post-OGTT glucose concentrations were 4.8 mmol/L and 4.65 mmol/L after the 7-d intervention. The response in the amino acid profile were similar in both groups during the intervention with the exception of serine. Fatty acids decreased from baseline to day 7 in both groups. Plasma lactate and pyruvate were similar for both groups with an increase to day 3 before approaching baseline values at day 7.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02647970, registration date: 6 January 2016
Botulinum Toxin Injections for Chronic Migraine in Pregnancy: Experience from Hull Headache Clinic Over 9 Years.
Authors: Wong Ho Tin , Khalil Modar , Ahmed Fayyaz
Published: October 2020

Objective:To report the pregnancy outcomes on patients with Chronic Migraine exposed to OnabotulinumtoxinA from Hull Headache Clinic. Background:Migraines are common in women of reproductive age and those with Chronic Migraine have a major impact on their activities of daily living and health-related quality of life. Apart from low dose amitriptyline and beta-blockers all other prophylactic agents have proven teratogenic effects. OnabotulinumtoxinA is approved as preventive treatment for adult patients with Chronic Migraine, although its impact on pregnancy is unknown. Methods:We prospectively collected data for efficacy and safety on all patients treated with OnabotulinumtoxinA at the Hull Headache Clinic. The toxin is administered as per PREEMPT paradigm. Female patients of reproductive age group receiving OnabotulinumtoxinA are given advice on contraception and the unknown impact of the toxin on pregnancy. They are asked to report pregnancy when they are appraised on the risk/benefit of treatment continuation. All patients are consented for access to their medical records and pregnancy outcome and those who wished to continue are asked to sign a disclaimer. Pregnancy outcome data was collected on all patients for the mode of delivery, birth weight and congenital malformation and any other unexpected outcomes. Results:Over 9 years period 45 patients reported pregnancy while receiving OnabotulinumtoxinA. All patients had received OnabotulinumtoxinA within three months prior to the date of conception. 32 patients wished to continue treatment during pregnancy while the remaining 13 stopped treatment. Apart from 1 miscarriage in the treatment group, all patients had full term healthy babies of normal birth weight and no congenital malformations. Conclusion:We report our experience of 45 patients exposed to OnabotulinumtoxinA during pregnancy. Although the numbers are small, there was no impact of the toxin was found on the pregnancy outcomes.
Pseudomonas Species Isolated via High-throughput Screening Significantly Protect Cotton Plants Against Verticillium Wilt
Authors: Tao Xiaoyuan , Zhang Hailin , Gao Mengtao , Li Menglin , Zhao Ting , Guan Xueying
Published: October 2020

Verticillium wilt (VW) caused by Verticillium dahliae is a devastating soil-borne disease that causes severe yield losses in cotton and other major crops worldwide. Here we conducted a high-throughput screening of isolates recovered from 886 plant rhizosphere samples taken from the three main cotton-producing areas of China. Fifteen isolates distributed in different genera of bacteria that showed inhibitory activity against V. dahliae were screened out. Of these, two Pseudomonas strains, P. protegens XY2F4 and P. donghuensis 22G5, showed significant inhibitory action against V. dahliae. Additional comparative genomic analyses and phenotypical assays confirmed that P. protegens XY2F4 and P. donghuensis 22G5 were the strains most efficient at protecting cotton plants against VW due to specific biological control products they produced. Importantly, we identified a significant efficacy of the natural tropolone compound 7-hydroxytropolone (7-HT) against VW. By phenotypical assay using the wild-type 22G5 and its mutant strain in 7-HT production, we revealed that the 7-HT produced by P. donghuensis is the major substance protecting cotton against VW. This study reveals that Pseudomonas specifically has gene clusters that allow the production of effective antipathogenic metabolites that can now be used as new agents in the biocontrol of VW.
Mathematical and Statistical Study on COVID19- SIR Model
Authors: Datta Jaydip
Published: October 2020

In this combinatorial study let us try to simulate the four cases starting from viral spreading kinetics , Gaussian distribution of the infectious disease , mortality statistics like infection fatality ratio ( IFR ) with the distribution of age of the patient through sigmoid regression method approach and finally the most important modeling of remdesivir on the basis of Molecular bonding method ( LCAO). It is an alternative approach to susceptibility – infectivity – recovery ( SIR ) model .
HSF2 is a Promising Prognostic Biomarker and is Correlated With Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Han Bihui , Meng Yanxiu , Fan Yumei , Liu Bing , Hou Jiajie , Chen Fei , Chang Jing , Cao Pengxiu , Tan Ke
Published: October 2020

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Heat shock factor 2 (HSF2) is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in development, particularly corticogenesis and spermatogenesis. However, studies on the expression and prognostic value of HSF2 and its association with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in HCC are still rare. MethodsThe TCGA, Oncomine, UALCAN, HCCDB and HPA databases were used to investigate HSF2 expression in HCC. Kaplan-Meier plotter, GEPIA and HCCDB databases were used to evaluate the association of HSF2 with the prognosis of HCC patients. Genetic alteration of HSF2 was examined by the cBioPortal database. The mechanism was investigated with Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GESA), and the relationship between HSF2 expression and immune infiltration was explored through the TIMER database and CIBERSORT algorithm.Results In the present study, we found that HSF2 expression was significantly upregulated in HCC compared with normal liver tissues. High HSF2 expression was associated with poor survival in HCC patients. GO, KEGG and GESA analyses demonstrated that HSF2 was associated with various signaling pathways, including the immune response. Notably, HSF2 expression was significantly correlated with the infiltration levels of different immune cells. HSF2 expression also displayed a significant correlation with multiple immune marker sets in HCC. ConclusionsIn summary, we explored the clinical significance of HSF2 and provided a therapeutic basis for the early diagnosis, prognostic judgment, and immunotherapy of HCC.
Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 in the Setting of Chronic Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Thiesset PhD Heather F. , Newman MS Michael , Tonna MD Joseph E. , Merrill PhD Ray M.
Published: October 2020

Background: There are no known studies regarding the effects of COVID-19 in patients with a concurrent diagnosis of opioid use disorder (OUD). Due to the rapidly developing nature and consequences of this disease, it is important to identify patients at an increased risk for serious illness. The aim of this study was to understand the disease burden of COVID-19 on patients with OUD by looking at their rates of hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and receipt of mechanical ventilator support.Methods: This retrospective chart review compared clinical parameters from patients with positive COVID-19 status as identified by a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test and diagnosed OUD at the University of Utah Health. Descriptive statistics and prevalence ratios (PRs) were generated. Log binomial models generated PRs adjusted by age, sex, race, and comorbidities of asthma, pneumonia, and diabetes.Results: COVID-19 patients with OUD were significantly more likely than patients without OUD to have asthma (p<0.01), diabetes (p<0.01), and chronic pneumonia (p<0.01), to be hospitalized (23% vs 4%; p<0.01), to be admitted to the ICU (11% vs 2%; p<0.01), and to receive mechanical ventilation (7% vs 1%; p<0.01). After adjusting for age, sex, race, asthma, pneumonia, and diabetes, patients with OUD continued to be at increased risk for inpatient hospitalization (aPR=5.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.29-13.92), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aPR=0.69, 95% CI = 0.19-2.45), and mechanical ventilation (aPR=1.25, 95% CI =0.27-5.75). Patients with OUD averaged longer stays in the hospital than those without OUD (9.53 days vs 0.70 days, p<.001).Conclusion: Patients that have a diagnosis of OUD in the presence of COVID-19 are more likely to be hospitalized, admitted to the ICU, receive mechanical ventilation and have longer hospital inpatient stays compared to patients without OUD.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in CSF by ultrahigh depth sequencing in a patient with COVID-19 and neurological dysfunction: a case report
Authors: Xiang Pan , Xu Xinmin , Lu Xin , Gao Lili , Wang Huizhu , Li Zhenpeng , Xiong Haofeng , Li Ruihong , Xiong Yanwen , Pu Lin , Qin Tian , Jin Fangfang , Ren Hongyu , Li Chuansheng , Yang Jing , Zhang Ming , Gong Jie , Chen Xiaoping , Zheng Han , Tan Jianbo , Sun Yao , Zhao Fei , Hou Xuexin , Liu Yufeng , Guo Hebing , Hao Jingjing , Kan Biao , Zhou Haijian , Wang Yajie , Liu Jingyuan
Published: October 2020

Background: SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), not only infects the respiratory tract, but also other organs. About a third of the inpatients of COVID-19 have neurological symptoms and in vitro experiments revealed that SARS-CoV-2 could infect human neural progenitor cells and brain organoids. However, the traditional test often reports negative owing to the low number of virus in the cerebrospinal fluid. To date, timely diagnosis of central nervous system infection of SARS-CoV-2 remains a challenge.Case presentation: On day 14 of COVID-19, seizures, maxillofacial convulsions, intractable hiccups and significant increase in intracranial pressure developed in a 56-year-old man. The RT-PCR of SARS-CoV-2 was negative. SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid were detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by ultrahigh depth sequencing. The patient was successfully treated after 14 days of mechanical ventilation and treatment of pneumonia and neurological dysfunction.Conclusions: This case suggests SARS-CoV-2 can invade the central nervous system and relevant examinations with CSF including ultrahigh depth sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 are needed among COVID-19 patients with neurological dysfunction.
Operatividad de las Plantas de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales Domésticas circunlacustres al lago Titicaca-Sector Perú y el marco legal en defensa de los ecosistemas
Authors: Medrano María , Mamani Alfredo , Muñoz Elvira , Díaz Ricardo , Medrano Emilio
Published: October 2020

Las aguas servidas de uso doméstico representan el principal factor que contaminan los ecosistemas del Lago Titicaca ubicado en Perú y Bolivia. Por ello, la Universidad Alas Peruanas-Perú, ha generado investigación aprobada por Resolución No 102-2018-VIeIT-UAP, cuyo objetivo general es contribuir con propuestas de mejoras en la operatividad de las Plantas de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales Domésticas (PTARD) que permitan reducir la contaminación de las aguas del lago Titicaca-Sector Perú; investigación que fue presentada en la Conferencia de Innovación IWA-BID sobre Uso Sostenible del Agua; Ciudades, industria y agricultura, realizada en la Ciudad de Guayaquil-Ecuador en el mes de octubre 2019.En la investigación se elaboró diagnóstico del estado situacional de 16 sistemas de tratamientos de aguas residuales domésticas ubicadas alrededor del Lago y alternativas de mejoras para su operatividad a corto plazo para cubrir el tiempo de 4 años aproximadamente que falta para construir y poner en operación las nuevas seis PTARD, iniciativa del estado peruano.Como resultado principal se determinó que en los últimos 5 años el 56.25% no ha realizado mantenimiento a las Plantas de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales Domésticas (PTARD) y el 43.75% efectuó escasos mantenimientos siendo la causa la falta de recursos financieros, por lo cual no operan al 100%. Se recomienda asignación de fondos del estado para cumplir programa de mantenimiento y operación en las 16 plantas, reparar o reconstruir los procesos operativos, asignar personal técnico competente y su capacitación, elaboración de protocolo de procedimientos, entre otros.
The impact of social distancing policy on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia
Authors: Lutfi Muhtar , Chintya Dewi Buntuang Pricylia , Kornelius Yoberth , Erdiyansyah  , Hasanuddin Bakri
Published: October 2020

This study aims to investigate the impact of social distancing policies on SMEs in Indonesia. It used a quantitative method with a survey design. Respondents were all SMEs in Indonesia that are affected by social distancing policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. It involved a total of 587 SME samples selected randomly. The data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and literature studies. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS software to determine the mean value. The result showed that social distancing policies affect SMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is indicated by the decreasing income and demand for SMEs products, and even some have no income (mean values of 2.40) due to the social distancing policies. Besides, the policy’s impact is also shown in the increasing cost of raw materials and production costs due to supply chain problems (mean values of 4.79). The policy’s impact raises anxiety for SMEs to survive so that business actors change their plans by utilizing information technology (mean values of 4.81). This change is a strategy to survive due to the impact of the applied policies. Although social distancing policies affect SMEs’ survival during the pandemic, research findings show that SMEs in Indonesia did not terminate employment (mean values of 4.37) due to the presence of economic stimulus policies that helped SMEs survive and grow during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing Model for a Small Startup in Indonesia
Authors: Fitriasari Dewi , Kawahara Naoko
Published: October 2020

The research proposed a Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (TDABC) model for cost and human capital analysis in a small startup in Indonesia. TDABC discussed and illustrated the integration of capabilities into cost and performance in startups. The researchers applied a qualitative simulation method. The data were taken from actual regulatory data of wage and salary from the local government of Jakarta. The other data were simulated data based on a software development process for a small startup. The result indicates that the TDABC can assist the company to trace its performance and costs. Additional factors in implementing the costing system are provided for further research and practical considerations in adopting the costing system.
Improving Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Job Satisfaction, Leader-Member Exchange, and Work-Life Balance
Authors: Heriyadi Heriyadi , Tjahjono Heru Kurnianto , Rahayu Meika Kurnia Puji
Published: October 2020

The research aimed to analyze the effect of leader-member exchange, work-life balance, and job satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The respondents were nursing staff at a hospital in Indonesia. The sample was 169 respondents, taken using a purposive sampling technique. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method was applied as the data analysis techniques with the application AMOS 22.0. Based on the results, the research finds that first, leader-member exchange and work-life balance have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and OCB. Second, job satisfaction affects OCB positively and significantly. Third, job satisfaction mediates the influence of leader-member exchange on OCB significantly. Fourth, job satisfaction also mediates the effect of work-life balance on OCB significantly. In conclusion, fostering OCB in hospitals is very important to produce better health service performance. The research shows that by increasing leader-member exchange, worklife balance, and job satisfaction, it can improve OCB. Overall, the research presents a significant contribution to the development of research in the field of human resource management and organizational behavior in the health sector in Indonesia.
Mathematical Model of Whey-Based Granulation Dispersed Mixtures Process in Disk-Type Devices
Authors: Maytakov Anatolij
Published: October 2020

Introduction. In Russia, production of juice, whey, milk, and flavor powders is complicated by the lack of effective manufacturing technologies. Thus, a new technological flow for simultaneous use of moisturizing additives and structured capillary-porous granules remains an urgent task as it would allow combining a polydisperse system with instantiation reliability. The research objective was to create a mathematical model of the process of granulation of dispersed mixtures, as well as scientific substantiation for the new technology of instant polydisperse granular beverage mixes.

Study objects and methods. The research featured a disk-type granulator with an activator and a polydisperse whey-based mix. The fractional composition of the mix included cranberry pulp (20%), whey (40%), potato starch (5%), powdered sugar (20%), premixes (5%), etc.

Results and discussion. The research revealed the effect of granulation modes, granulator operation modes, and the phase composition of the initial mix on the profile of the resulting granulated product. The mathematically obtained results were proved experimentally: the model accurately reflected the physical essence of the granulation process of the polydisperse mixes based on local raw materials and whey.

Conclusion. The study provided methods for regulating the process of granulation of polydisperse whey-based mixes n in disktype granulators. The article introduces a mathematical model of the process based on the hypothesis of the stochastic nature of the processes. The granulation process was described as a combination of seven states depending on the granular composition and granulation time.
The Effect of Trehalose on Dispersion of Ice Crystals and Consistency of Low-Fat Ice Cream
Authors: Landikhovskaya Anna , Tvorogova Antonina , Kazakova Natalia , Gursky Igor
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The research objective was to establish the effect of the complete and partial replacement of sucrose by trehalose on the dispersion of ice crystals in ice cream with a low mass fraction of fat and solids.

Study objects and methods. The present research featured three test samples of ice cream with a 3% mass fraction of fat: one with a complete replacement of sucrose (15.5%) and two with a partial replacement of 7.5% and 3%. In the control sample, the mass fraction of sucrose was 15.5%. To control the dynamic viscosity indicator of consistency, the research employed such an advanced method as rotational viscometry. Microstructure methods were used to determine the dispersion of ice crystals and the air phase.

Results and discussion. The usage of trehalose in the production of low-fat ice cream in the amounts of 3.0%, 7.5%, and 15% increased the dispersion of ice crystals and preserved it during storage. After three months of storage, most ice crystals in the test ice cream samples had a size of ≤ 45 μm with an organoleptic sensibility of ≤ 50 μm, while in the control sample (15.5% of sucrose) it did not exceed 60 μm. The experiment determined the effect of trehalose on the consistency of ice cream according to the following indicators: dynamic viscosity, overrun, and dispersion of the air phase. 15.5% of trehalose increased the dynamic viscosity of ice cream mix by 1.2 times as compared to the sample with the same concentration of sucrose. According to the average diameter of air bubbles, trehalose helped to preserve the dispersion of the air phase during storage. After three months, Sample 1 with 15.5% of trehalose demonstrated the maximum dispersion, which was 17% higher than in the control sample with a sucrose mass fraction of 15.5%.

Conclusion. The complete (15.5%) and partial (3% and 7.5%) sucrose replacement by trehalose in low-fat ice cream increased the dispersion of ice crystals and improved its consistency. Unlike the sample with 15.5% of sucrose, samples with trehalose had smaller ice crystals, which remained the same after three months. The trehalose samples had a better dynamic viscosity and air saturation. The research requires a further study of dispersion of ice crystals after 12 months of storage.
New determination method for the ratio of the relative proportions of ϰ-casein alleles in milk powder
Authors: Gilmanov Khamid , Semipyatniy Vladislav , Bigaeva Alana , Vafin Ramil , Turovskaya Svetlana
Published: October 2020

Introduction. High-quality dairy products depend on the properties of raw materials. Milk is the basic raw material for all dairy products. Its quality is subject to requirements of biological safety, and its physicochemical and technological properties comply with strict indicators. ϰ-casein gene is a basic milk protein. Its allelic variants affect milk productivity, as well as its composition and technological properties, e.g. cheeseability and heat resistance. The research objective was to develop a new method for determining the ratio of the relative proportions of selection-significant kappa-casein gene alleles in bulk cow’s milk powder by means of molecular genetics and bioinformation system. The method can help to test raw materials for further processing rationality.

Study objects and methods. The research included a genetic analysis of samples of bulk whole milk powder, bulk powdered skimmed milk, and bulk raw milk. The developed method involved DNA extraction, combined PCR-RFLP technique, electrophoretic results, and analysis detection of information data using new mathematical algorithms and software.

Results and discussion. The ratio of the relative proportions of the kappa-casein gene alleles in milk powder was determined using primer sets JK5 and JK3, as well as restriction endonuclease HinfI for PCR-RFLP analysis. The experiment showed satisfactory reproducibility and interpretation of the obtained data. The program provided a ratio calculation of the kappa-casein gene alleles relative proportions in the studied milk powder samples, expressed as a percentage of the A allele proportion with additional indication of the absolute and relative errors. It also placed the information block of the generated numerical indicators into the percentage scale.

Conclusion. The developed methodology was implemented by a set of laboratory procedures. The new specialized program “Calculation of the relative proportions ratio of ϰ-casein alleles in bulk milk” is on open access. It provides a correct and prompt data interpretation, generated during the analysis of dry milk raw materials of bulk origin.
Социально-психологическая адаптация студентов к обучению в педагогическом вузе
Authors: Муллер Ольга Ю. , Ротова Наталья А.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. This paper presents the results of the ascertaining stage of the experimental study and aims to identify the level of first-year students’ adjustment to studying at the pedagogical university and the characteristics of successful social-psychological adjustment among first-year students studying at the pedagogical university. The authors identified the components of social-psychological adjustment (success in educational activities, success in communication) and the criteria for assessing the level of adjustment in first-year students, including their awareness of the new role of a student, a future teacher (manifests itself through educational performance) and interaction with fellow students and teachers (manifests itself through a student’s individual behavioral style, the ability to express his/her opinion and take into account the opinions of others; the ability to support views and interests of his/her fellow students). Theoretical Basis. The article presents a retrospective view of the phenomenon of adjustment, a comparative analysis of theoretical views on understanding the essence of the concept of ‘adjustment’. This study is the first to clarify the concept of social and psychological adjustment among students of the pedagogical university, taking into account the process of communication of first-year students with their teachers and fellow students and the presence of a future teacher’s individual behavioral style. Results. The findings indicate the presence of high and average levels of adjustment to studying at the pedagogical university among first-year students, which enabled authors to formulate recommendations for organizing educational activities with first-year students at the pedagogical university to more rapidly coordinate their behavior in accordance with the requirements of the university. Discussion. First-year students showed a high level of adjustment to the educational group and an average level of adjustment to educational activities. Consequently, in order to overcome difficulties in mastering certain academic disciplines, the educational environment should be favorable for self-evaluation of educational performance, asking questions for introspection, and developing the ability to self-organize individual activities. Conclusion. The findings of this study are of direct practical relevance in the work of teachers with first-year students and may help choose the most effective forms of work, including interactive ones, contributing to successful adjustment to educational activities.
Мощные диоды Шоттки с участком отрицательного дифференциального сопротивления на вольт-амперной характеристике
Authors: Тандоев А.Г. , Мнацаканов Т.Т. , Юрков С.Н.
Published: October 2020

It is shown that at high current densities the carrier transport in base layer of Schottky diodes in addition to commonly accepted diffusive and drift currents is defined by recently discovered diffusion stimulated by quasi-neutral drift (DSQD). The influence of this recently discovered component of current on current-voltage characteristics of Schottky diode has been investigated. It was shown that in case if the ratio of base width $W$ to ambipolar diffusive length $L$ is higher than 1 ($W/L>1$) a part with negative differential resistance appears on the current-voltage characteristics of Schottky diode. The results of analytical investigation are confirmed by numerical calculation using INVESTIGATION program.
Базовые элементы структуры границ зерен наклона. Часть 2. Оси разориентации [110] и [111]-=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-
Authors: Векман А.В. , Демьянов Б.Ф.
Published: October 2020

The computer simulation methods have been applied to calculate structure and energy of symmetric tilt grain boundaries (GB) with the misorientation axes [110] and [111]. The calculations have been carried out with the use of the structural-vacancy model. The study of the atomic structure has been carried out within the entire range of misorientation angles. The reverse density of coincidence sites in special grain boundaries has amounted Σ≤57. The calculations have been carried out with the use of the Morse pair potential and the Cleri-Rosato many-body potential. When calculated with different potentials, the dependence of GB energy on the misorientation angle has a similar form, and the atomic structure completely coincides. It has been shown that the structure of any GB with the misorientation axes [110] and [111] may be represented by a limited number of basic structural units. All found basic structural units defined as units of A, B, C and D types are based on the structures of special grain boundaries. Such special GBs shall be Σ3(111), Σ3(112), Σ11(113) and Σ9(114) for GBs with the misorientation axis [110], and as regarding GBs with the misorientation axis [111], such special GBs shall be Σ3(112), Σ7(123) and Σ13(134). Ranges of angles within which certain basic structural units are found have been defined.
Фотоэлектрические свойства композитных пленок на основе металлоорганического перовскита CH-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-NH-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-PbBr-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- модифицированного смешанным эфиром целлюлозы
Authors: Исаев Н.К. , Алешин А.Н.
Published: October 2020

It is shown that the introduction of a mixed cellulose esters with acetrimethyl acetate into films of organometallic perovskite CH3NH3PbBr3 significantly increases their stability while maintaining the optical and photoelectric properties of perovskite. It was found that with the introduction of 10-20 wt% mixed cellulose ester in CH3NH3PbBr3, the resistivity of the composite increases by 5-10 times within 60-70 days, while in pure perovskite films such changes are observed within 10-15 days. When the films are irradiated with a simulated sunlight, the resistance of the samples drops by 2-3 orders of magnitude, and the effect of photosensitivity persist for more than 2 months. The formation of hydrogen bonds between mixed cellulose ester and organometallic perovskite is, in our opinion, the main factor that increases the stability of the composite film in comparison with pure perovskite. The investigated composite films are promising for the design of degradation-resistant perovskite solar cells and light-emitting diodes.
Racial Variation in the Association between Suicidal History and Positive and Negative Urgency among American Children
Authors: Assari Shervin
Published: October 2020

Background: Positive and negative urgency reflect specific facets of impulsivity and correlate with several health-related risk behaviors such as aggression, substance use, and suicide. Less is known about how positive and negative urgency are associated with suicidal behaviors of diverse racial groups.Aim: To investigate racial differences in the positive associations between positive and negative urgency and suicide in children in US. Materials and methods: This longitudinal study used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Participants were 10535 American children between ages 9 and 10 years old who were followed for up to one year. The independent variable was suicide history. The primary outcomes were the positive and negative urgency measured by the Urgency, Premeditation (lack of), Perseverance (lack of), Sensation Seeking, Positive Urgency, Impulsive Behavior Scale (UPPS-SS). Mixed-effects regression models were used for data analysis.Results: In the overall sample, suicidality was associated with positive and negative urgency in children. Race showed a statistically significant interaction with suicidality on children’s positive and negative urgency, indicating stronger effects of suicidality on positive and negative urgency for White, compared to Black and Other/Mixed race children respectively. Conclusion: The effects of positive and negative urgency for suicidality of American children depend on race. White American children show the strongest links between positive and negative urgency and risk of suicide, while the effects of positive and negative urgency on children suicide are weaker for Black and Other/Mixed race children.
Sistemas electorales y su influencia en el diseño de la política ambiental
Authors: Ponce Rodríguez Raúl Alberto , Rodríguez Hernández Alan Adrián
Published: October 2020

Se presenta el desarrollo de un análisis comparativo del impacto de los sistemas electorales mayoritarios y de representación proporcional en una política de impuestos que busca reducir la contaminación. Los resultados obtenidos son los siguientes: que en un sistema electoral mayoritario, la regulación ambiental es extrema con impuestos muy bajos o altos en comparación a la política socialmente óptima; que en un sistema de representación proporcional, la política ambiental es moderada (el impuesto se encuentra en una posición intermedia con relación en los impuestos implementados en un sistema mayoritario); y que la política ambiental en sistemas de representación proporcional se aproxima más a la política socialmente óptima.
Origen, historia natural y usos de las plantas introducidas en Costa Rica
Authors: Morales Carlos O
Published: October 2020

Introducción: Algunas especies de plantas introducidas cambiaron la historia de Costa Rica desde el siglo XVI. Muchas se conviertieron en los cultivos socioeconómica y ambientalmente más impactantes de este país; otras se naturalizaron, algunas se volvieron invasoras y en años recientes nuevas especies todavía siguen llegando como inmigrantes, o son introducidas intencionalmente. Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue registrar el mayor número posible de plantas seminíferas alóctonas de Costa Rica, establecer su origen y aportar datos sobre historia natural y usos en este país. Resultados: Se trata de 144 familias, 623 géneros y ca. 982 especies. Las 29 familias con mayores números de especies alóctonas (cada una con 10 o más especies) abarcan el 60 % de los géneros y 62 % de tales especies en este país, pero estas familias representan solamente el 20 % del total de familias con géneros y especies introducidos en Costa Rica, mientras que 57 % de todas esas familias poseen cada una menos de 5 especies introducidas. Fabaceae en sentido amplio no solamente posee los mayores números de géneros (46) y especies (70), sino que, además, casi duplica las cifras de la segunda familia, Poaceae (con 27 y 39, respectivamente), mientras que esta familia registra el mismo número de especies de la tercera, Lamiaceae. Discusión: Seis de las familias más diversas de la flora nativa de Costa Rica (Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Orchidaceae, Poaceae y Rubiaceae) también son grupos con abundantes especies alóctonas cultivadas y naturalizadas en este país, pero Orchidaceae, la más diversa de las familias nativas, aquí es la 27, en parte debido a la dificultad de cuantificar híbridos.
Transformasi Nilai-Nilai Islam dalam Hukum Positif
Authors: Prasetyo Yogi
Published: October 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan permasalahan hukum positif nasional yang kering nilai-nilai agama dan upaya melakukan transformasi nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam hukum positif nasional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah sosciological jurisprudence yang mengkaji hukum sebagai perilaku yang terkait dengan sistem norma hukum positif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa hukum Indonesia menggunakan civil law system warisan penjajah Belanda yang memahami hukum sebagai bentuk peraturan perundang-undangan tertulis yang tidak terkait dengan nilai-nilai kehidupan, termasuk agama. Hukum terdikotomik terpisah dari agama. Dampaknya hukum menjadi sekuler, hanya terkait dengan urusan keduniawian, sehingga melanggar hukum bukan merupakan dosa. Oleh karena itu perlu mentransformasikan nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam hukum positif nasional agar hukum dipahami sebagai bagian dari ketaatan kepada Tuhan. Mentaati hukum berarti juga bentuk dari ibadah. Mentransformasikan nilai-nilai Islam adalah menggunakan nilai-nilai dalam Islam yang dianggap baik, penting dan bermanfaat. Transformasi menghasilkan integrasi hukum dan agama ke dalam satu kesatuan sistem hukum yang terbentuk dari otentitas hukum masyarakat Indonesia yang mayoritas beragama Islam. Hal ini berarti sama dengan membangun peradaban Islam tanpa mendirikan negara Islam.
COMPETITIVENESS OF POLISH ORGANIC FARMS OF DIFFERENT SIZES ACCORDING TO FADN DATA
Authors: Orłowska Maria Jolanta
Published: October 2020

The article analyses the productivity and competitiveness of Polish organic farms of different sizes, as well as their potential, production intensity and the costs. The analysis covers the period of 2013–2017. Information that was used in this study came from FADN farms and was included in the publications Technical- economic parameters according to agricultural farm groups participating in the Polish FADN from the years 2013–2017. Two methods were applied: a descriptive method with the use of tabulated summaries and a comparative method. In 2013–2017 the production potential, productivity and competitiveness of Polish ecological farms depended on their size. The largest farms with 50 ha of farmland turned out to be the most competitive, whereas those with 30–50 ha of farmland were found to be able to withstand competition. Farms that produce ecological products whose area is up to 30 ha were found uncompetitive despite subsidies.
THE STRUCTURE OF AN INTEGRATED INTERNET MARKETING COMPLEX, BASED ON THE MARKETING-MIX CONCEPT
Authors: Vynogradova Olena , Drokina Nina
Published: October 2020

This research describes the main approaches of digital marketing models based on the marketing mix concept. It outlines the main components of various models, such as: “5W” Internet marketing complex of Mosley-Matchett; “8Р” e-marketing mix of researchers at the National Taiwan University (Chen); “6С” set of elements for an effective website by Chaffey, Mayer, Johnston, Ellis-Chadwick; “4S” web marketing complex of Constantinides; “4Ps+P2C2S3” digital marketing complex (e-marketing mix) created by Kalyanam and McIntyre; “3С+І” digital marketing mix of Pastore and Vernuccio; “SIVA” client-oriented information model of Dev and Schultz; “2P+2C+3S” digital marketing complex presented by Otlakan. The study presents a comparative analysis of the characteristics of these models, and the pros and cons for using each them as part of an integrated Internet marketing strategy. The study also creates a structure of Integrated Internet marketing tools based on the marketing mix concept which includes two blocks of components: key elements found in the traditional “4P” model and adapted to the Internet environment, and the elements “2Р2С2S2”: Personalization & Privacy, Personnel & People, Customer Service, Community, Synergy & Scope. The authors formulate a definition of Internet marketing and Integrated Internet marketing, based on the built structure of integrated Internet marketing of Kalyanam and McIntyre.
The Positive Impact of Auditory Intellectually Repetition Learning Model Assisted by Domino Card on Mathematics Learning Outcomes
Authors: Adiani Ni Putu , Rini Kristiantari Maria Goreti
Published: October 2020

This research-based on problems in students learning outcomes is still low because students are still difficult in understanding mathematics formulas and consider mathematics as difficult learning. This research aimed to know the effect of the Auditory Intellectually Repetition learning model assisted by domino card results on student mathematics learning outcomes grade IV Research design used a nonequivalent control group. The population was 9 groups which amounts to 338 students. Sampling used cluster random sampling technique when chosen experimental group total of 35 students and control group total of 40 students. Objective test type multiple choice used as data collection instruments. Data obtained was data on learning outcomes in mathematics in the cognitive realm and analyzed used uji-t by formula polled variance, analysis result obtained was tcount=3,818 > ttable =1,666, this showed Auditory Intellectually Repetition learning model-assisted domino card give effect to student mathematics learning outcomes. So with the enactment of this model can simplify the way students learn in understanding mathematic formulas.
Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) Learning Model Assisted with Mind Mapping Improving Students’ Social Studies Learning Outcomes
Authors: Ekayani Ni Putu Sawitri , Suarjana I Made , Jayanta I Nyoman Laba
Published: October 2020

This research aimed to analyze the effect of the Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) learning model assisted with mind mapping media toward social studies learning outcomes in Grade V. The type of this research was a quasi-experimental research design with nonequivalent post-test only controls group design. The population of this research was all of the fifth-grade elementary schools in Cluster I Bangli District, which totaled 7 classes with 138 students. The samples were determined using a simple random sampling technique, totaling 20 students as the experimental group and 30 students as the control group. Data analysis techniques in this research used descriptive statistical analysis techniques and data analysis prerequisite tests. Hypothesis analysis used the t-test polled variance test. The results of the calculation of the average social studies learning outcomes of the experimental group students were 23.15 included in the very high category, while students in the control group had an average value of 17.23 including the moderate category. Based on calculations with the t-test obtained a t-count of 4.89 is greater than the t-table value of 2.010 with a dk of 48, at a significance level of 5%. From the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) learning model assisted with mind mapping media has a significant effect on social studies learning outcomes for fifth-grade elementary school students. Therefore, the TSTS learning model assisted with mind mapping media is suitable to be applied to improve students' social studies learning outcomes
Student Teams Achievement Division Technique and Group Investigation Technique Through Lesson Study Enhancing Students Learning Outcomes
Authors: Candradewi W M V Cahyanti , Dharsana I Ketut , Tegeh I Made
Published: October 2020

The finding of learning outcomes is low in this study; therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of constructivism theory with the Student Teams Achievement Division technique and Group Investigation techniques through Lesson Study related to thematic learning in fifth-grade elementary school. This research is a quasi-experimental research design with Randomized Control Trials (RCTs). The population of this research is 26 students in VB class. 13 VB class students as an experimental group and 13 VB class students as a control group. Obtaining data was collected with 30 multiple choice test instruments. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an Independent Sample t-test. Based on the results of the study after testing the hypothesis using SPSS 25.00 for Windows in the decision table the value of Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.005 which means the significance value (2-tailed) <0.05 (0.005 <0.05), then H0 is rejected and H1 = accepted. This means that the results of the study indicate that there is a significant influence on the experimental group taught by the Student Teams Achievement Division technique and the Group Investigation technique through lesson study with a control group that the teacher learns as usual on student learning outcomes. Thus, it can be concluded that the theory of constructivism with the Student Teams Achievement Division technique and Group Investigation lesson study techniques effectively improve the thematic learning outcomes of VB grade students.
Analysis of English Learning Difficulty of Students in Elementary School
Authors: Sintadewi Ni Made Dita , Artini Ni Putu Juni , Febryan Irwan
Published: October 2020

The low student learning outcomes are caused by students' thought that English is a difficult and boring subject so that students have difficulties understanding it. The purpose of this study is to analyze the types of learning difficulties experienced by students, the factors that affect learning difficulties, and to find out the efforts to overcome the difficulties of learning English in grade V of Elementary School. This research method uses descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were 22 grade V students and grade V teachers. The data collection procedures used were interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis used is a qualitative approach. The results of this study were 16 students experienced difficulty learning English, and also did not understand when the teacher delivered English materials. The factors that cause difficulty in learning English for grade V students are internal factors, including students are still less motivated and less interested in taking English lessons, while the external factor is that the teacher does not use teaching aids and the methods used are less varied and not innovative. Based on the above results, it is showed that grade V Elementary School students still have difficulty learning English lessons. Therefore, it can be concluded that students' learning concerns will have an impact on low learning outcomes