bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vehicle Modelling and Simulation in Simulink
Authors: Szántó András , Hajdu Sándor
Published: March 2019

In this paper a vehicle dynamics model is presented, which is an example that contains all the necessary aspects of making a decent vehicle model. Several examples show the use of such a model: basic vehicle dynamics phenomena can be recognized with the simulation of a detailed vehicle model. We are dealing with the connection between downforce and under/oversteer in this paper. In addition, the use of numerical simulations in the field of control systems is pointed out by an example of simulating an ABS control for the vehicle.
The Effects of Quenching and Tempering Treatment on the Hardness and Microstructures of a Cold Work Steel
Authors: Tóth László , Fábián Réka
Published: March 2019

The X153CrMoV12 ledeburitic chromium steel characteristically has high abrasive wear resistance, due to their high carbon and high chromium contents with a large volume of carbides in the microstructure. This steel quality has high compression strength, excellent deep hardenability and toughness properties, dimensional stability during heat treatment, high resistance to softening at elevated temperatures. The higher hardness of cryogenic treated samples in comparison with conventional quenched samples mean lower quantity of retained austenite as at samples quenched to room temperature and tempered in similar condition. In the microstructure of samples were observed that the primary carbide did not dissolve at 1070°C and their net structure have not been changed during to heat treatment. During to tempering at high temperature the primary carbides have become more and more rounded. After low tempering temperature in martensite were observed some small rounded carbides also, increasing the tempering temperature the quantity of finely dispersed carbides increased, which result higher hardness. The important issues in heat treatment of this steels are the reduction or elimination of retained austenite due to cryogenic treatment.
Examination of Infrared Tomato Drying
Authors: Várkonyi Zsombor , Sebesi Viktória , Örvös Mária
Published: March 2019

Tomato is a highly perishable food, thus preservation is required to meet the continuous market demand compared to the unbalanced yearly production peak. The aim of this paper is to show a detailed insight into infraradiation based drying process. Furthermore, to widen the possible usage range of a well-known approximation method for describing the temporal moisture variation in function of process parameters. The mass decrease of tomato slices was examined, in function of specific radiation power, heat source and sample distance, in forced and natural airflow. Based on the results dimensionless moisture ratio change over time was fitted as an exponential function, which may be used in industrial drying process optimization.
Designing Aspects and Classification of Bearing Industry Box Handling Apparatus
Authors: Tiba Zsolt , Fekete-Szűcs Dániel
Published: March 2019

It has been an accepted tendency in the industrial practice since the last third of the 20th Century to decrease the living labour demand of the manufacturing processes. One of the main tools of it is the automation of production. In the design, the construction and the programming of the developed automata, the results of electronics, informatics and mechatronics can be used. All of the scientific fields mentioned above undergo intensive development. By the application of the results achieved in the design of the applications, the monotonous, dangerous and tiresome work not requiring expertise can be assigned to machines. In the longer run, the application of the automata is beneficial also in financial aspect, since the costs of living labour are continuously growing, while that of the mechatronic and technological devices show a rather decreasing tendency. Reliability is also an important aspect. It is well known for everyone that a well-designed and programmed automatic device performs its task without mistakes. If there is any objection or breakdown, on the basis of the currently valid safety technology rules, the machine stops, does not trigger any damage and after its repair, work can be continued.
Composition basics and analysis of visual language of the product
Authors: Markova Kremena
Published: March 2019

The analysis of the visual language of the product demands deeper analysis of the user’s profile and built behavioral patterns. There is an existing group of factors that have relatively constant nature - gender differentiation, age differentiation, belongingness to specific group – social status, place in hierarchy, race, religion, people with special needs, etc. The analysis of the visual language of the product can be done by analyzing the basic arsenal of the composition - the means of composing form shaping: scale –related to the correct size of the products and their components; proportions –associated with organizing the form plastical and visual order of the whole and its parts; contrast - related to the shape of the product, semantical or bounded to past experience; color –bounded to both formal characteristics and plasticity, as well as to contrast and its meaningful designation; plastic of the form - linked to the proportions and scale, which determines not only the structural and formal characteristics of the products, but also the meaningful reading of the forms. The analysis of the individual composite devices is demonstrated by Ingo Maurer’s lighting fixtures.
The Impact of Electrical Vehicles on Sustainability: Jordan as a Case Study
Authors: Malak M. Shatnawi
Published: March 2019

The Global concern is moving toward making a revolution in favor of exploitation of renewable energy in order to improve environment conditions, limit emissions and minimizes consumption of non-renewable resources within the planet. In this context, it is necessary to focus on the transport sector as it contributes of at least 30% of the total primary energy consumption. Therefore, a set of rules must be developed to maintain economic, environmental and social sustainability to address the problems so as not to increase their severity and these cannot be done unless there are joint measures and regulations from governments, companies, manufacturers and users. Unfortunately, the Jordanian transport system mostly depend on the individual transport which supported by cars, and that because of the weak role played by the public transport sector, especially at the capital, Amman. Buying hybrid cars (internal combustion engine + electric motor) and Electrical Vehicles (EV), in the past few years in Jordan is increasing, which is compatible with the global trend to use Electrical Vehicles (EV) instead of Internal Combustion Engine vehicles (ICE) powered by fossil fuels, this issue will have a direct and indirect impact on gas stations companies, also it will have direct impact on labor sector and the current car industry since electric charging stations as well as EV manufacturing is not labor intensive. The main purpose of the study is to show how much it is necessary now to start theoretical assumptions through studying the expected annual increase in passenger cars and its impact on sustainability and predicting the future fuel consumption and emissions and compare them with the base situation.
Battery Measurement Methods and Artificial Intelligence Applied in Energy Management Systems
Authors: Menyhárt József , Szabolcsi Róbert
Published: March 2019

Diagnostics of batteries using advanced methods have gained remarkable roles in the past few years. This study focuses on the type of measurements, tests and methods to reveal and classify them. During manufacturing and operation several faults could emerge in batteries including non-optimal operation conditions, operators without experience, and finally, random changes in batteries under physical and nonphysical conditions. Improper handling of batteries and battery cells man cause operation failures or, in the worst case, accidents. To reveal these problems several methods are applied in industry and in scientific laboratories. For a comprehensive analysis of battery management, artificial intelligence and Industry 4.0 methods can be used very effectively. Big Data analysis in its standard form is not a new achievement, but other mathematical tools could be applied to control monitoring such as Fuzzy Logic or Support Vector Machine (SVM). They are efficient tools to analyse the deviation of batteries condition because it can detect sudden changes, parameter deviations and anomalies, and the user’s behaviour and habits. This article gives a description about the most important battery testing methods and the connection between Big Data and Operation Management with Artificial Intelligent (AI) methods.
Digitalization of Ancient Sculpting Models and 3D Design Using Photogrammetry Methodology
Authors: Dovramadjiev Tihomir
Published: March 2019

The digitization of ancient sculptures is particularly relevant and necessary in relation to the preservation of the cultural heritage. And the studied ancient models have their unique identity in terms of their visual and functional qualities. In parallel, the study aims to optimize the technological process related to photogrammetric measurements and calculations, technological tools and specialized software applications such as Autodesk ReCap, Blender and MeshMixer. The used models in the article are for re-presentation of popular ancient models & artifacts from city of Varna (by the ancient name Odessos). By using a 3D print device, one of the resulting digitized models of an ancient angel will materialize by applying specific techniques to redesign its geometry. The completed 3D printed item of re-designed model of ancient stone angel is only for personal and non-comercial use. One of the main point in the article is to show advanced computer techniques for teaching and studying. The information in this article has been built for helping other specialist working in digital field regarding photogrammetry. Also the material can be useful for designers, engineers, archaeologists and others in their work for the publicity of ancient treasures.
HAZ Characterization of Automotive DP Steels by Physical Simulation
Authors: Sisodia Raghawendra , Gáspár Marcell , Guellouh Noureddine
Published: March 2019

DP steels were extensively used in the vehicles industry due to its extraordinary combined properties of strength, ductility, formability and weldability which contributed great significance in reducing strength to weight ratio and CO2 emission. High strength steel i.e. DP steels (3 different grades) were experimentally investigated and thermophysically simulated using Gleeble 3500 simulator to determine softening and hardening in heat affected zone. Samples were heated to different peak temperatures (1350 °C, 950 °C, 775 °C and 650 °C), two cooling time (t8.5/5 = 5 s and 30 s) and Rykalin 2D model were selected. The hardness and microstructure of the specimens were tested and analysed. For longer cooling time (t8.5/5= 30 s), we observed that softening occurs in all grade of investigated DP steels to all sub-regions. But for shorter cooling time i.e. t8.5/5= 5 s the softening is higher in intercritical HAZ compared to other sub-regions for all the types of DP steel with short cooling time (t8.5/5 = 5 s). However, the hardening zone in the CGHAZ occurs when Tmax is 1350 ºC for DP600, DP800 & DP1000 steels but it is more prominent in DP800 as compared to others two steel grade.
Interchange of Heat in Saw Disc Body During Cutting
Authors: Svoren Jan , Javorek Lubomir , Nascák Lubomir
Published: March 2019

The paper presents the experimental results of a research aimed at the distribution of the temperature on the circular saw blade body. The temperature was measured at two distances from the centre of the circular saw blade body (70 mm, 140 mm) by means of an infrared thermometer. Two circular saw blades with the diameter of 350 mm and a variable adjustment of the body (with slots and without the coating, with both slots and coating) were used for the longitudinal sawing of the spruce wood (Picea excelsa) with the thickness of h = 37 mm. Feed speeds ware vf1 = 14 mpm, vf2 = 17 mpm and vf3 = 20 mpm. Cutting revolutions n = 4100 /min. were constant. The measured temperature was in the range from 21 °C till 27 °C. The highest measured temperatures were recorded on the circular saw blade with the slots and coating.
Boundary Value Problem for a Heated Nanofluid Flow in the Presence of Magnetic Field
Authors: Hriczó Krisztián
Published: March 2019

The aim of this paper is to introduce some new numerical results on the magneto-thermomechanical interaction between heated viscous incompressible magnetic nanofluid and a cold wall in the presence of a spatially varying magnetic field. The governing nonlinear boundary layer equations are converted into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations by similarity transformation. The ODE system is solvable numerically for example using higher derivative method. The investigation is focused on the influence of governing parameters corresponding to various physical conditions. Numerical results are exhibited for the dimensionless wall skin friction and for heat transfer coefficients at the wall, along to distributions of the velocity and the temperature.
Влияние материала подложки на свойства пленок оксида галлия и структур на его основе
Authors: Калыгина В.М. , Лыгденова Т.З. , Петрова Ю.С. , Черников Е.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe influence of the substrate material on the properties of gallium-oxide films formed on sapphire and n ( p )-GaAs semiconductor wafers by high-frequency magnetron-assisted deposition is studied. The films grown on insulating substrates, as a rule, are of the n type and possess a high resistance. The increase in their conductivity with temperature is defined by the ionization of deep donor centers, whose energy is (0.98 ± 0.02) eV below the bottom of the conduction band. Gallium-oxide films grown on single-crystal GaAs layers are of the n type as well, irrespective of the conductivity type of the semiconductor substrates. However, the conductance of such films is noticeably higher, which is attributed to the possible diffusion of uncontrollable impurities from the semiconductor into the growing gallium-oxide layer. The electrical characteristics of Ga_2O_3– semiconductor structures are defined to a larger extent by the properties of the oxide–semiconductor interface than by the properties of the contacting materials. In the reverse branch of the current–voltage characteristics of Ga_2O_3/ p -GaAs samples before annealing, a region of N -type negative resistance is observed. After annealing of the gallium-oxide films at 900°C (30 min), the conductance of the structures corresponds to the current–voltage characteristic of a backward diode.
Оптические свойства наночастиц CdSe/ZnS в пленках термообработанного поливинилхлорида
Authors: Расмагин С.И. , Новиков И.К.
Published: March 2019

AbstractComposites based on polyvinylchloride with incorporated CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles are produced. The optical and electrical properties of the polymer composites containing CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles are studied. The absorption and photoluminescence spectra of the composites are recorded, and their bulk resistivities are measured. The CdSe nanoparticle dimensions are determined. It is established that, upon short-term heat treatment, the photoluminescence intensity increases, whereas upon heating for a long time, the photoluminescence intensity substantially decreases.
Неоднородные процессы инжекции и теплопереноса в реверсивно-включаемых динисторах при работе в частотно-импульсных режимах с ограниченным теплоотводом
Authors: Горбатюк А.В. , Иванов Б.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractFor the first time, a self-consistent computational–theoretical description of the physical processes in reversely switched dynistors (RSDs) is obtained when operating in pulse-frequency modes with a limited heat sink. A simplified representation of the nonlinear multiscale mechanism of interaction between the injection and heat-transfer subsystems is substantiated, and a method for calculating the maximum frequency of the RSD switching unit is developed on this basis. The dependence of the permissible frequency on the cooler power is calculated for the set parameters of the chip and the shape of the switched pulses. It is shown that, with a proper heat sink, each from all RSD modules with a chip area of 1 cm^2 and an operating voltage of U ≈ 2.5 kV are able to switch an energy of 0.25 J per pulse with a repetition frequency of up to 30 kHz. For high-voltage generators on their basis with U ≈ 100 kV, the power transmitted to a load at this frequency amounts to several fractions of a MW.
Видеорегистрация долгоживущих плазмоидов вблизи объектов, подвергшихся дистанционному и непосредственному воздействию пинчевых сильноточных разрядов
Authors: Богданович Б.Ю. , Волков Н.В. , Лень Н.А. , Нестерович А.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe results of observation of plasmoids that were formed during periodic discharge in a flow of liquid, in particular, water, in its surrounding space during discharge and in post-discharge, have been presented. The presence of long-lived luminous formations not only in the air, but also on the surface and above the surface of nearby objects has been noted. The reasons for the appearance of such objects and their properties, which have features not only of macro-, but also micro-objects, such as Dirac’s monopole, have been analyzed.
Магнитометрическая диагностика дефектов высокотемпературных сверхпроводящих лент в градиентном магнитном поле
Authors: Подливаев А.И. , Покровский С.В. , Анищенко И.В. , Руднев И.А.
Published: March 2019

AbstractA new technique for contactless magnetometric determination of the local critical current in high-temperature superconducting tapes is proposed. In contrast to conventional approaches, where currents in a superconductor are induced by a uniform magnetic field of an external source, in our variant the tape is magnetized by a series of bipolar permanent magnets. It is shown that, for solving a number of technical problems of defect diagnostics, the proposed approach is more effective than those used earlier. Two variants of diagnostics are discussed. The first variant is intended for express diagnostics of local defects (first of all, transverse cracks) in a separate tape and in a tape stack and the second variant is developed for the case of a smooth critical current variation in a separate tape. The proposed method can significantly improve the accuracy of determining the local critical current density.
Моделирование работы привода на основе изгибного силового элемента, выполненного из материала с эффектом памяти
Authors: Прядко А.И. , Чикиряка А.В. , Пульнев С.А.
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe consider a linear actuator based on a flexural force element made of a material with shape memory (SM) effect generating a useful force in one direction. A mathematical model developed for such an actuator makes it possible to connect its characteristics with functional properties of the material with the SM effect. The relations derived for the developed force and shaft displacement in dimensionless form describe the behavior of the force element in the form of a rod made of any material exhibiting a SM effect.
Внутреннее трение стеклоуглепластиков с матрицей T-107
Authors: Калинин Ю.Е. , Косилов А.Т. , Овдак О.В. , Кудрин А.М. , Караева О.А. , Каширин М.А. , Дегтярёв Д.Я.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe temperature and amplitude dependences of internal friction in hybrid composites consisting of unidirectional carbon fibers and glass tissues in a T-107 molten epoxy matrix have been studied. From the high-frequency portion of the internal friction background with regard to its low-frequency one, the energy of formation and migration of vacancy-like defects in an amorphous matrix of glass fiber- and carbon fiber-reinforced composites has been estimated.
Исследование диэлектрических свойств полости кукурбитурила на основе эффекта сольватохромизма стирилового красителя при образовании комплекса включения
Authors: Степко А.С. , Лобова Н.А. , Лебедев-Степанов П.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractA new approach to the theoretical evaluation of the local dielectric properties of media that contain an organic dye acting as a nanoprobe is proposed. The method is checked so as to evaluate the dielectric properties of the host molecule in a supramolecular inclusion complex from the experimentally measured shift of the optical absorption spectrum of the guest molecules (dye) after the complex formation. Using the Onsager–Liptay model, the dielectric properties of the cucurbit[7]uril cavity was theoretically estimated by analyzing the experimentally measured shift of the absorption spectrum of 1-(3-ammoniopropyl)-4-[(E)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-ethenyl]-pyridinium dication of the dye after it forms a complex with cucurbit[7]uril in an aqueous solution. To parameterize the Onsager–Liptay equation, the positions of the absorption spectral maxima of the dye under study were experimentally measured in the following solvents with known dielectric and optical properties: methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, and water. When calculating molecular structures, dipole moments of the ground and excited states, and polarizability, the TD-DFT quantum chemical method with the CAM-B3LYP functional in the 6-311G(d,p) basis set was used within the Gamess (United States) software package. The obtained theoretical value of the effective dielectric permittivity of the cavity (about 13) is in good agreement with the published value.
Локальная структура и процессы гидратации галогензамещенных перовскитов на основе Ba-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-In-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Zr-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-11-=/SUB=-
Authors: Тарасова Н.А. , Галишева А.О. , Анимица И.Е.
Published: March 2019

AbstractHalogen-substituted perovskites Ba_4In_2Zr_2O_10.95F_0.1 and Ba_4In_2Zr_2O_10.95Cl_0.1 are synthesized, and their single-phase composition is verified by X-ray diffraction analysis. Their ability of the studied phases to hydrate and form energetically unequal OH^– groups is proved. It is found that introduction of halide ions leads to a decrease in the hydration degree with respect to the matrix composition, which is explained by a decrease in the crystal unit cell free volume Processes.
Прозрачные фотокаталитические ZnO-SnO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- нанопокрытия, полученные полимерно-солевым методом
Authors: Евстропьев С.К. , Лесных Л.Л. , Никоноров Н.В. , Караваева А.В. , Колобкова Е.В. , Орешкина К.В. , Миронов Л.Ю. ,  Багров И.В.
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe structure and properties of transparent ZnO–SnO_2 photocatalytic coatings formed on glass surfaces by the polymer–salt method are studied. The physical and chemical processes occurring during formation of the coatings are studied by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure and optical properties of the obtained thin oxide films are studied by optical spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and scanning electron microscopy. It is shown that the polymer–salt method allows formation of homogeneous and transparent ZnO–SnO_2 coatings consisting of oxide nanoparticles completely covering the glass substrate surface. It is found that the formed transparent ZnO–SnO_2 coatings have high photocatalytic properties and can generate singlet oxygen under action of UV radiation.
The Role of Perceived Loneliness in Youth Addictive Behaviors: Cross-National Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Savolainen Iina , Oksanen Atte , Kaakinen Markus , Sirola Anu , Paek Hye-Jin
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND

In the ever-growing and technologically advancing world, an increasing amount of social interaction takes place through the Web. With this change, loneliness is becoming an unprecedented societal issue, making youth more susceptible to various physical and mental health problems. This societal change also influences the dynamics of addiction.

OBJECTIVE

Employing the cognitive discrepancy loneliness model, this study aimed to provide a social psychological perspective on youth addictions.

METHODS

A comprehensive survey was used to collect data from American (N=1212; mean 20.05, SD 3.19; 608/1212, 50.17% women), South Korean (N=1192; mean 20.61, SD 3.24; 601/1192, 50.42% women), and Finnish (N=1200; mean 21.29, SD 2.85; 600/1200, 50.00% women) youths aged 15 to 25 years. Perceived loneliness was assessed with the 3-item Loneliness Scale. A total of 3 addictive behaviors were measured, including excessive alcohol use, compulsive internet use, and problem gambling. A total of 2 separate models using linear regression analyses were estimated for each country to examine the association between perceived loneliness and addiction.

RESULTS

Loneliness was significantly related to only compulsive internet use among the youth in all 3 countries (P<.001 in the United States, South Korea, and Finland). In the South Korean sample, the association remained significant with excessive alcohol use (P<.001) and problem gambling (P<.001), even after controlling for potentially confounding psychological variables.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings reveal existing differences between youths who spend excessive amounts of time online and those who engage in other types of addictive behaviors. Experiencing loneliness is consistently linked to compulsive internet use across countries, although different underlying factors may explain other forms of addiction. These findings provide a deeper understanding in the mechanisms of youth addiction and can help improve prevention and intervention work, especially in terms of compulsive internet use.
Spinal Cord Injury Veterans’ Disability Benefits, Outcomes, and Health Care Utilization Patterns: Protocol for a Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fyffe Denise C , Williams Joyce , Tobin Paul , Gibson-Gill Carol
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND

An estimated 42,000 people currently living with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) are veterans. SCI was a common combat-related injury in the World Wars and Vietnam era and now affects more than 11% of military personnel injured in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom. The Veterans Benefits Administration primarily offers financial compensation for disabilities sustained or re-aggravated during military service, called service-connected disability compensation. With the overwhelming cost of living with an SCI, this monthly financial compensation can provide service-connected veterans and their families with access to additional supportive resources (eg, assistive devices and personal aide) and maintain their quality of life (QOL). Little is known about personal, health, functional, and QOL outcomes associated with service-connected and nonservice-connected status for veterans living with an SCI.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to compare the ways in which Veterans Affairs’ (VA) service-connected and nonservice-connected status may be associated with health and functional outcomes, choice of health care provider, and overall QOL for veterans living with an SCI and their caregivers.

METHODS

This cross-sectional qualitative study will gather data using retrospective chart reviews, semistructured interviews, and focus groups. After obtaining institutional review board (IRB) approval, purposeful sampling techniques will be used to recruit and enroll the following key stakeholders: veterans living with an SCI, family caregivers, and SCI health care providers. Concurrent data collection will take place at 2 sites: Veterans Administration New Jersey Healthcare System and Northern New Jersey Spinal Cord Injury System.

RESULTS

This study was funded in July 2015. IRB approval was obtained by November 2016 at both sites. Enrollment and data collection for phase 1 to phase 4 are complete. A total of 69 veterans, 18 caregivers, and 19 SCI clinicians enrolled in the study. Data analyses for these phases are underway. In phase 5, the follow-up focus group activities are scheduled. The final results are expected by the end of 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

The factors that contribute to veterans living with SCI seeking and not seeking VA disability compensation benefits are not well understood in rehabilitation research. Triangulation of these data sources will allow us to compare, contrast, and integrate the results, which can be used to develop clinical guidelines, caregiver training, and patient education programs.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/14039
Smart Urban Street Advertising Pattern Using Internet of Things Based on Environmental and Traffic Conditions
Authors: Pourhossein Fatemeh , Mahmoudabadi Abbas
Published: March 2019

The rapid development of communications together with the growing usage of Internet of Things have recently provided an opportunity for transformation of information and created a new generation of advertising, called smart advertising. The main aim of this research work is to develop a pattern on smart urban street advertising to offer a meaningful connection between the “parameters received from the environment” and the “planned messages” displayed by smart billboards. The main idea behind the proposed pattern is to use a billboard which is capable of sensing parameters through environmental, thermal, visual and magnetic sensors. In order to investigate the existing relations between the advertisement patterns, a questionnaire has been developed and used to collect audiences’ viewpoints for selecting ads according to the criteria sensed by smart billboard. Using a sample size of 107, collected data have been analyzed to evaluate the overall vision on how to select ads through measurable criteria. Research results revealed that there is a significant relation between environmental and traffic parameters and the advertising contexts suggested by smart billboard. Therefore proposing smart billboards by detecting the environmental and traffic parameters can improve ads performance to attract the audiences.
Predicting Generation Y’s Purchase Intention towards Brands Advertised on Social Media: A PLS-SEM Analysis
Authors: Ohajionu Uchechi Cynthia , Mathews Soney
Published: March 2019

Social media advertising has become an integral part of product promotion by many companies. This strategy has impacted the sales and revenue departments of many advertisers. Hence, a strategically targeted advertising is needed to maximise return on investment on advertising in the form of sales, revenue, and profit. Although most businesses recognise the value of social media advertising opportunities, not many have figured out how to execute this strategy accordingly. With many western corporations embracing social media advertising, it is high time for Malaysian businesses to delve into this advertising territory. In order to familiarise them to the attitude of customers’ towards social media advertising, this study is timely to provide useful insights to guide Malaysian businesses.

Findings from this study will help advertising managers to ensure efficient utilisation of their budget and development of more effective advertising strategy, especially when formulating strategies to cater to Gen Y in Malaysia. Based on the data collected from 1,087 Gen Y consumers in Malaysia, the effect of belief factors (lifestyle, privacy and security concern, entertainment and credibility) on attitude towards social media advertising was examined. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed to assess the hypothetical relationships between the belief factors and attitude towards social media advertising, purchase intention and actual purchase. The results revealed that the belief factors (lifestyle, privacy and security concern, entertainment and credibility) manifested a positive influence on attitude towards social media advertising.
‘WHO AM I?’ INTERROGATING MY IDENTITY AS ESP TEACHER: PERSONAL NARRATION
Authors: Farah Rafika Rabba
Published: March 2019

The notion of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program which integrates language and content at one go could be challenging for language teachers as their expertise is only on the language, not the content. Consequently, it affects ESP teachers’ identity. This study takes a deeper look on a teacher’s personal experience teaching ESP that contributes to ESP teacher’s identity construction. It is a qualitative research using narratives as the approach, written records are taken as the main data. In the study, there are three participants in the research; two are ESP teachers and another is the researcher herself as she also involved in the teaching ESP. The study has revealed that the identity construction of ESP teachers is mainly built through two dimensions: students-related challenge and institutional challenge. To deal with students, teachers are no more as the primary source to knowledge; meanwhile, it is highly possible that students have more understanding than the teachers. To deal with institutional challenge, developing general English curriculum into more specific purposes is demanding for teachers. In addition, teaching ESP for more than one major in a semester adds to its complexity.
ENHANCING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY AT 10TH GRADE OF COMPUTER AND NETWORK ENGINEERING CLASS AT SMKN 4 MALANG THROUGH L1/L2 BASED STRATEGIES
Authors: Junaida Rizki , Prastiyowati Santi
Published: March 2019

The lack of speaking practice will cause some communication problems. When language learners do not know how to say a word in English, they can communicate effectively by using their hands, imitating sounds, using new words, or describing what they mean. Those ways can be done by the studentsas communication strategies. This research is aimed to describe the enhancement of students’ speaking ability at Computer and Network Engineering Class C of SMKN 4 Malang by using L1/ L2 based strategies. This Class Action Research (CAR) was conducted at SMKN 4 Malang. The subjects of this research were the students of thenth-grade of Computer and Network Engineering  Class C, which consisted of 33 students. This classroom action research was conducted through the following procedures: preliminary observation, planning, implementing, observation, and reflection. There were two major indicators used as the criteria of success in this research. First, mean score of the post test was ≥ 75. Second, there should be 50% of students get score ≥ 75. Before conducting this research, a preliminary study was conducted to know the students’ problem in speaking skill. The result of the speaking test in preliminary study showed that the mean score of 33 students was 64.8. There were only 7 students who got score ≥ 75. In Cycle I, L1/L2 based strategy showed the improvement of students’ speaking. The mean score of Cycle I was 67.5. The Cycle 1 failed because the students who got ≥ 75 were only 6 students which were consisting of 21%. However, the mean score of Cycle II was 78.6. It means that the first criterion of success was achieved. Moreover, the students who got score ≥75 were 75.9%. Therefore, the all criteria of success were achieved. To sum up, the result of classroom action research proved that L1/L2 based strategies could enhance speaking ability at 10th Grade of Computer and Network Engineering Class C at SMKN 4 Malang.
TEACHING VOCABULARY THROUGH SNAKE AND LADDER BOARD GAME IN THE TENTH GRADE OF SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 1 MALANG
Authors: Fitriana Dita , Maro Rahmawati Khadijah
Published: March 2019

Vocabulary is the language resource, students have to know vocabularies to produce sentences. Thus, the aim of this study was to find out whether snake and ladder board game could improve students’ vocabulary mastery or not. The subject analyzed in this research were the tenth grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah I. The experimental group was X-IPS-I while the control group was X-IPS-II.This study employed quantitative research design. This design was selected due to this present study was required a concrete evidence whether Snake and Ladder Board Game could enhance students’ vocabulary mastery in senior high school or not. In this study the instruments used were pre-test, treatment, and post-test. The pre-test was given to both experimental and control group. After the pre-test was given to both groups, then the experimental group was treated or taught by using snake and ladder board game, while the control group was not treated by using snake and ladder board game. After that, the post-test was also given to both experimental and control group. The researcher used t-test to know the significant difference between the mean score of the experimental and control group. The process of t-test was counted using computer SPSS 17 version.The result of this study was shown that snake and ladder board game could improve students’ vocabulary mastery due to the score of pre-test in control group was higher than the pre-test score of experimental group. Otherwise, the post-test score of experimental group was higher than the control group. Accordingly, related to the result of this experimental research, the researcher concludes that snake and ladder board game can improve students’ vocabulary mastery in the first year students of senior high school.
TEACHING ENGLISH WITH STORY TELLING METHOD IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TEACHERS
Authors: Amalia Arsyi Rizqia
Published: March 2019

The importance of English has an impact on the needs of future generations to learn English from an early age especially in Early Childhood Education and vocabulary is an important component that can support the mastery of all four language skills. Facing the difficulty of learning vocabulary, a method that is appropriate for the age of child development is needed. One of methods that could be used is story telling. The research method used in this research is qualitative descriptive. The sample in this study was six early childhood education teachers in Sukabumi. Data collecting techniques were presentations and questionnaires. The presentations were held twice, in front of peers of early childhood education teachers and in front of students of early childhood education. After presentation, the questionnaires were conducted related to the implementation of the story telling method to the teacher. Based on the data collected, Teaching English with  Story Telling Method give a good response with indicators shows that  the content of the story, the properties used, the variety of vocabulary taught, moral values based on the stories and the ability of delivering the English vocabulary were good and suitable with the age of early childhood education.
CRITICAL READING SKILL AND ITS IMPLICATION TO SPEAKING ABILITY IN MULTICULTURAL CLASSROOM
Authors: Widowati Diah Retno , Kurniasih Kurniasih
Published: March 2019

People need good background knowledge before they speak. The purpose of the present study was to discuss the implication of students’ critical reading skill to their English speaking performance in classroom activity. Researchers also would like to discuss the effect of multicultural atmosphere to students’ speaking skill. This study employed descriptive qualitative design to explain students’ speaking ability after they read. Therefore, students’ speaking ability could be mapped out after being stimulated by critical reading. The major finding of this study were the fact that reading and analyzing the texts was important for students before they speak. Gaining previous information before students speak made them feel more comfortable and be able to deliver or speak up their ideas better. Besides, the multicultural background of the students were not significantly affect their speaking ability. Yet, some students felt difficult in pronouncing ‘f’ in ‘of’, ‘v’ in very’, and ‘o’ in open’ correctly. This was because of their pronunciation habit in their homeland.
THE ANALYSIS OF SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC CONTEXT IN TOEFL TEST SIMULATION ON LISTENING SECTION
Authors: Setyawan Rakha , Wiraatmaja Triastama
Published: March 2019

Sociolinguistics aspects such as Semantic and Pragmatic affect language user in every situation. Those two contexts even exist in a proficiency test to become the test foundation. This research was conducted to identify the semantic and pragmatic contexts in TOEFL test simulation on the Listening section. The researcher applied a qualitative descriptive approach to this research, and Document Analysis and the researcher as the instrument. The object of this research was TOP NO 1 TOEFL SIMULATION published by FORUM TENTOR INDONESIA. The result reveals that there are several types of semantic and pragmatic context found in the test simulation. The semantic contexts found in 8 questions from the 30 questions analyzed. The types of semantic contexts which were found namely; Meaning, Semantic Feature, and Semantic Roles. Moreover, the semantic type that mostly occurred is Semantic Roles (4 Questions), then followed by Semantic Feature (2 Questions) and Meaning (2 Questions). However, the Pragmatic context quantities are found more than the semantic context. From the 30 analyzed questions, the Pragmatic contexts found are 40 questions, it happens because one test item can have more than one type of pragmatic. Also, the Reference type in Pragmatic occurred in most questions because the narrator on the listening passage uses referencing (nature of Reference) to make the question. The type of pragmatic context found namely; Context, Politeness, Reference, and Speech Act. The type of pragmatic context which is mostly occurred is Reference (25 questions).
Pre-Service Teachers' Belief on Professional Development: A study on ESP Teacher
Authors: Aisyah Aisyah , Wicaksono Bayu Hendro
Published: March 2019

Guskey (2002) asserted that professional development is seen as a beneficial practice to disclosed the change required in teachers profession. Indeed, teacher's belief is becoming one of the driving forces which led to the practice in regards. In fact, Some of the ESP instructors seem to find it difficult to deal with the practice of professional development. This is the situation happened in Language Center, the center of ESP program, at my institution. Although some research have been investigating the case of teacher belief within professional development, but little research conducted in ESP course at Indonesian Universities context. Thus, this present study is designed at finding 1) the pre-service teachers' beliefs in being professional language teachers in teaching ESP, and 2) the professional activities undertaken by the pre-service teachers to develop their professionalism in teaching ESP. Through the explanatory research, a chosen ESP pre-service teachers participated in this study. The data from it were generated from survey, observation and interview to have a saturated information. These methods were on purpose to validate the data. The finding showed that being professional language teachers has fallen on eight indicators which are different from some other related research. The finding also gave information on four types of famous activities undertaken by the pre-service teacher.
The influence of knowledge distance and academic experience on tourism scholars’ creativity
Authors: Wang Lu , Li Yong-Quan , Liu Chih-Hsing
Published: March 2019

We examined the influence of a tourism scholar’s cooperation network and knowledge distance on his or her creativity. We integrated the 2 critical attributes of tourism scholars’ cooperation networks, namely, accessing diverse knowledge and cooperative opportunities, by
analyzing hand-collected samples of 988 publications from tourism scholars in a highly competitive academic environment at Hong Kong Polytechnic University. The results showed that, with scholars in tourism and hospitality departments working in cooperative activities to generate ideas, moderate
knowledge distance across universities and countries provided the best conditions for, and demonstrated the highest level of, creativity. Further, academic experience strengthened the relationship between knowledge distance and overall creative performance. Theoretical and practical implications
are discussed.
Benefactor intention, perceived helpfulness, and personal responsibility influence gratitude and indebtedness
Authors: Li Yulan , Luo Li , Fu Jin
Published: March 2019

We examined the effects of benefactor intention and beneficiaries’ perceived helpfulness and personal responsibility in the context of charitable giving on the gratitude and indebtedness of Chinese college students facing financial hardship. Results of the 2 studies we conducted
using a scenario methodology indicated that personal responsibility moderated the effect of benefactor intention on gratitude via the mediator of perceived helpfulness. Specifically, when beneficiaries felt less responsible for receiving help, perceiving the benefactor’s intention as
benevolent rather than utilitarian led them to perceive the donation as being more helpful, thereby evoking greater gratitude. In contrast, when beneficiaries felt more responsible for receiving the donation, their perceived helpfulness and gratitude did not vary, regardless of the nature
of the benefactor’s intention. However, there was no significant moderating effect on indebtedness. Implications for higher education and charitable-giving practices are discussed.
Determinants of young vacationers’ recycling and conservation behavior when traveling
Authors: Han Heesup , Kiatkawsin Kiattipoom , Ryu Hyungseo Bobby , Jung Heekyoung , Kim Wansoo
Published: March 2019

We investigated key cognitive determinants that predict young vacationers’ recycling and water/energy/local resources conservation intention when traveling. We also examined the role of gender in this intention formation, used structural equation modeling, and tested for metric
invariance. Results showed that environmental values, concern, and awareness significantly contribute to the generation of young vacationers’ intention to engage in recycling and to conserve water, energy, and local resources at a destination. In addition, environmental values had the
strongest relationship with recycling and conservation intention, and gender significantly moderated the impact of environmental awareness on their intention. Overall, the findings inform researchers and practitioners about young vacationers’ environmentally sustainable tourism behavior.