bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling the In Vivo and Ex Vivo DNA Damage Response after Internal Irradiation of Blood from Patients with Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Schumann Sarah , Scherthan Harry , Hartrampf Philipp E. , Göring Lukas , Buck Andreas K. , Port Matthias , Lassmann Michael , Eberlein Uta
Published: May 2024

This work reports on a model that describes patient-specific absorbed dose-dependent DNA damage response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of thyroid cancer patients during radioiodine therapy and compares the results with the ex vivo DNA damage response in these patients. Blood samples of 18 patients (nine time points up to 168 h post-administration) were analyzed for radiation-induced γ-H2AX + 53BP1 DNA double-strand break foci (RIF). A linear one-compartment model described the absorbed dose-dependent time course of RIF (Parameters: c characterizes DSB damage induction; k1 and k2 are rate constants describing fast and slow repair). The rate constants were compared to ex vivo repair rates. A total of 14 patient datasets could be analyzed; c ranged from 0.012 to 0.109 mGy−1, k2 from 0 to 0.04 h−1. On average, 96% of the damage is repaired quickly with k1 (range: 0.19–3.03 h−1). Two patient subgroups were distinguished by k1-values (n = 6, k1 > 1.1 h−1; n = 8, k1 < 0.6 h−1). A weak correlation with patient age was observed. While induction of RIF was similar among ex vivo and in vivo, the respective repair rates failed to correlate. The lack of correlation between in vivo and ex vivo repair rates and the applicability of the model to other therapies will be addressed in further studies.
Human In Vitro Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (oxLDL) Increases Urinary Albumin Excretion in Rats
Authors: Dąbkowski Kamil , Kreft Ewelina , Sałaga-Zaleska Kornelia , Chyła-Danił Gabriela , Mickiewicz Agnieszka , Gruchała Marcin , Kuchta Agnieszka , Jankowski Maciej
Published: May 2024

Hypercholesterolemia-associated oxidative stress increases the formation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), which can affect endothelial cell function and potentially contribute to renal dysfunction, as reflected by changes in urinary protein excretion. This study aimed to investigate the impact of exogenous oxLDL on urinary excretion of albumin and nephrin. LDL was isolated from a patient with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) undergoing lipoprotein apheresis (LA) and was oxidized in vitro with Cu (II) ions. Biochemical markers of LDL oxidation, such as TBARS, conjugated dienes, and free ε-amino groups, were measured. Wistar rats were treated with a single intraperitoneal injection of PBS, LDL, or oxLDL (4 mg of protein/kg b.w.). Urine was collected one day before and two days after the injection. We measured blood lipid profiles, urinary protein excretion (specifically albumin and nephrin), and markers of systemic oxidative stress (8-OHdG and 8-iso-PGF2α). The results showed that injection of oxLDL increased urinary albumin excretion by approximately 28% (310 ± 27 μg/24 h vs. 396 ± 26 μg/24 h, p = 0.0003) but had no effect on nephrin excretion. Neither PBS nor LDL had any effect on urinary albumin or nephrin excretion. Additionally, oxLDL did not affect systemic oxidative stress. In conclusion, hypercholesterolemia may adversely affect renal function through oxidatively modified LDL, which interferes with the renal handling of albumin and leads to the development of albuminuria.
Landiolol for Treatment of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Critical Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Levy Bruno , Slama Michel , Lakbar Ines , Maizel Julien , Kato Hiromi , Leone Marc , Okada Motoi
Published: May 2024

Background: new-onset atrial fibrillation remains a common complication in critical care settings, often necessitating treatment when the correction of triggers is insufficient to restore hemodynamics. The treatment strategy includes electric cardioversion in cases of hemodynamic instability and either rhythm control or rate control in the absence of instability. Landiolol, an ultrashort beta-blocker, effectively controls heart rate with the potential to regulate rhythm. Objectives This review aims to compare the efficacy of landiolol in controlling heart rate and converting to sinus rhythm in the critical care setting. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of the published literature from 2000 to 2022 describing the use of landiolol to treat atrial fibrillation in critical care settings, excluding both cardiac surgery and medical cardiac care settings. The primary outcome assessed was sinus conversion following landiolol treatment. Results: Our analysis identified 17 publications detailing the use of landiolol for the treatment of 324 critical care patients. While the quality of the data was generally low, primarily comprising non-comparative studies, landiolol consistently demonstrated similar efficacy in controlling heart rate and facilitating conversion to sinus rhythm in both non-surgical (75.7%) and surgical (70.1%) settings. The incidence of hypotension associated with landiolol use was 13%. Conclusions: The use of landiolol in critical care patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation exhibited comparable efficacy and tolerance in both non-surgical and surgical settings. Despite these promising results, further validation through randomized controlled trials is necessary.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Chicken-and-Egg Relationship
Authors: Balcan Baran , Akdeniz Bahri , Peker Yüksel , The TURCOSACT Collaborators The TURCOSACT Collaborators
Published: May 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, and it is closely linked to several cardiovascular issues due to intermittent hypoxia, nocturnal hypoxemia, and disrupted sleep patterns. Pulmonary hypertension (PH), identified by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, shares a complex interplay with OSA, contributing to cardiovascular complications and morbidity. The prevalence of OSA is alarmingly high, with studies indicating rates of 20–30% in males and 10–15% in females, escalating significantly with age and obesity. OSA’s impact on cardiovascular health is profound, particularly in exacerbating conditions like systemic hypertension and heart failure. The pivotal role of hypoxemia increases intrathoracic pressure, inflammation, and autonomic nervous system dysregulation in this interplay, which all contribute to PH’s pathogenesis. The prevalence of PH among OSA patients varies widely, with studies reporting rates from 15% to 80%, highlighting the variability in diagnostic criteria and methodologies. Conversely, OSA prevalence among PH patients also remains high, often exceeding 25%, stressing the need for careful screening and diagnosis. Treatment strategies like continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy show promise in mitigating PH progression in OSA patients. However, this review underscores the need for further research into long-term outcomes and the efficacy of these treatments. This review provides comprehensive insights into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of the intricate interplay between OSA and PH, calling for integrated, personalized approaches in diagnosis and management. The future landscape of OSA and PH management hinges on continued research, technological advancements, and a holistic approach to improving patient outcomes.
Perioperative Management in Neuromuscular Diseases: A Narrative Review
Authors: Bhat Aparna , Dean Jason , Aboussouan Loutfi S.
Published: May 2024

Patients with neuromuscular diseases are particularly vulnerable in the perioperative period to the development of pulmonary and cardiac complications, or medication side effects. These risks could include hypoventilation, aspiration pneumonia, exacerbation of underlying cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, adrenal insufficiency, prolonged neuromuscular blockade, issues related to thermoregulation, rhabdomyolysis, malignant hyperthermia, or prolonged mechanical ventilation. Interventions at each of the perioperative stages can be implemented to mitigate these risks. A careful pre-operative evaluation may help identify risk factors so that appropriate interventions are initiated, including cardiology consultation, pulmonary function tests, initiation of noninvasive ventilation, or implementation of preventive measures. Important intraoperative issues include positioning, airway and anesthetic management, and adequate ventilation. The postoperative period may require correction of electrolyte abnormalities, control of secretions with medications, manual or mechanical cough assistance, avoiding the risk of reintubation, judicious pain control, and appropriate medication management. The aim of this review is to increase awareness of the particular surgical challenges in this vulnerable population, and guide the clinician on the various evaluations and interventions that may result in a favorable surgical outcome.
Circulating Levels of Soluble α-Klotho and FGF23 in Childhood Cancer Survivors: Lack of Association with Nephro- and Cardiotoxicity—A Preliminary Study
Authors: Kozłowski Kacper , Konończuk Katarzyna , Muszyńska-Rosłan Katarzyna , Żelazowska-Rutkowska Beata , Taranta-Janusz Katarzyna , Werbel Katarzyna , Krawczuk-Rybak Maryna , Latoch Eryk
Published: May 2024

Background/Objectives: The survival rate among pediatric cancer patients has reached 80%; however, these childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) are at a heightened risk of developing chronic conditions in adulthood, particularly kidney and cardiovascular diseases. The aims of this study were to assess the serum α-Klotho and FGF23 levels in CCSs and to determine their association with nephro- and cardiotoxicity. Methods: This study evaluated a cohort of 66 CCSs who remained in continuous remission, with a mean follow-up of 8.41 ± 3.76 years. Results: The results of this study revealed that CCSs exhibited significantly higher levels of soluble α-Klotho compared to healthy peers (1331.4 ± 735.5 pg/mL vs. 566.43 ± 157.7 pg/mL, p < 0.0001), while no significant difference was observed in their FGF23 levels. Within the participant cohort, eight individuals (12%) demonstrated a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 90 mL/min/1.73 m2. The relationship between treatment with abdominal radiotherapy and reduced eGFR was confirmed (p < 0.05). No correlations were found between potential treatment-related risk factors, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy, serum levels of α-Klotho and FGF23, and nephro- and cardiotoxicity. Conclusions: In conclusion, this preliminary cross-sectional study revealed elevated levels of α-Klotho among childhood cancer survivors but did not establish a direct association with anticancer treatment. The significance of elevated α-Klotho protein levels among CCSs warrants further investigation.
Numerical Simulation of Extreme Ice Loads on Complex Pile Legs of Offshore Substation Structures
Authors: Zhang Baofeng , Dong Rui , Li Wei , Zhao Yue , Wang Guojun , Zhang Dayong
Published: May 2024

The sea ice failure mode and ice force amplitude depend on the structural form at the point of interaction, but the impacts of ice load when interacting with marine engineering structures with additional attachments are not yet clear. This study conducts numerical simulations using the discrete element method to investigate the interaction between sea ice and cable pipes attached to offshore substation structures. Various operating conditions such as ice velocity, ice thickness, and ice attack angle are selected to simulate the interaction between sea ice and such structures, clarifying the variations in the sea ice failure mode and ice force amplitude. The results indicate that crushing failure mainly occurs when sea ice interacts with such structures, and the presence of cable pipes does not alter the sea ice failure mode at the legs of offshore substation structures. The preliminary action of sea ice with cable pipes effectively reduces the ice load on the structure, and the minimum ice force amplitude occurs at an ice attack angle of 90°, with the ice force amplitude increasing with the ice thickness but showing no clear correlation with the ice velocity. The findings of this study provide a reference for the ice-resistant design of offshore substation structures in cold regions.
Analysis of Structural Heterogeneity in Low-Rank Coal and Its Pyrolyzed Char Using Multi-Point Scanning Micro-Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Gao Yaqi , Zou Chong , She Yuan , Huang Zhengyan , Li Siqi
Published: May 2024

Understanding the changes in carbon structure during the mid–low-temperature pyrolysis of low-rank coal is important for efficient utilization. Raman spectroscopy is commonly used to analyze the structural order of carbonaceous materials, but traditional methods may overlook the heterogeneity of coal/char. This research explores the heterogeneity of char structure derived from low-rank coal at 700 °C through multi-point micro-Raman analysis. The analysis of parameters such as area (A), intensity (I), full width at half maximum (FWHM/W), and peak position (P) reveals that the carbon structure becomes less ordered as coal transforms into char due to the deposition of small molecules on the surface. The study emphasizes the benefits of multi-point detection for gaining in-depth insights into the structural evolution of carbonaceous materials. The increased standard deviation of Raman parameters indicates diverse structural characteristics resulting from pyrolysis at this temperature, which traditional methods may not capture effectively. The mapping method used in this research visually illustrates the distribution of carbon structures in the region.
Raman Spectroscopy on Free-Base Meso-tetra(4-pyridyl) Porphyrin under Conditions of Low Temperature and High Hydrostatic Pressure
Authors: dos Reis Jhon Rewllyson Torres , Leite Fabio Furtado , Sharma Keshav , Ribeiro Guilherme Almeida Silva , Silva Welesson Henrique Natanael , Batista Alzir Azevedo , Paschoal Alexandre Rocha , Paraguassu Waldeci , Mazzoni Mario , Barbosa Neto Newton Martins , Araujo Paulo Trindade
Published: May 2024

We present a Raman spectroscopy study of the vibrational properties of free-base meso-tetra(4-pyridyl) porphyrin polycrystals under various temperature and hydrostatic pressure conditions. The combination of experimental results and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations allows us to assign most of the observed Raman bands. The modifications in the Raman spectra when excited with 488 nm and 532 nm laser lights indicate that a resonance effect in the Qy band is taking place. The pressure-dependent results show that the resonance conditions change with increasing pressure, probably due to the shift of the electronic transitions. The temperature-dependent results show that the relative intensities of the Raman modes change at low temperatures, while no frequency shifts are observed. The experimental and theoretical analysis presented here suggest that these molecules are well represented by the C2v point symmetry group.
Synthesis and Characterization of Graft Copolymers with Poly(ε-caprolactone) Side Chain Using Hydroxylated Poly(β-myrcene-co-α-methyl styrene)
Authors: Li Tao , Zhang Mingzu , He Jinlin , Ni Peihong
Published: May 2024

Graft copolymers have unique application scenarios in the field of high-performance thermoplastic elastomers, resins and rubbers. β-myrcene (My) is a biomass monomer derived from renewable plant resources, and its homopolymer has a low glass transition temperature and high elasticity. In this work, a series of tapered copolymers P(My-co-AMS)k (k = 1, 2, 3) were first synthesized in cyclohexane by one-pot anionic polymerization of My and α-methyl styrene (AMS) using sec-BuLi as the initiator. PAMS chain would fracture when heated at high temperature and could endow the copolymer with thermal degradation property. The effect of the incorporation of AMS unit on the thermal stability and glass transition temperature of polymyrcene main chain was studied. Subsequently, the double bonds in the linear copolymers were partially epoxidized and hydroxylated into hydroxyl groups to obtain hydroxylated copolymer, which was finally used to initiate the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) to synthesize the graft copolymer with PCL as the side chain. All these copolymers before and after modifications were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
Qualitative and Quantitative Detection of Typical Reproductive Hormones in Dairy Cows Based on Terahertz Spectroscopy and Metamaterial Technology
Authors: Liang Shuang , Zhao Jingbo , Zhao Wenwen , Jia Nan , Zhang Zhiyong , Li Bin
Published: May 2024

Progesterone (PROG) and estrone (E1) are typical reproductive hormones in dairy cows. Assessing the levels of these hormones in vivo can aid in estrus identification. In the present work, the feasibility of the qualitative and quantitative detection of PROG and E1 using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and metamaterial technology was preliminarily investigated. First, the time domain spectra, frequency domain spectra, and absorption coefficients of PROG and E1 samples were collected and analyzed. A vibration analysis was conducted using density functional theory (DFT). Subsequently, a double-ring (DR) metamaterial structure was designed and simulated using the frequency domain solution algorithm in CST Studio Suite (CST) software. This aimed to ensure that the double resonance peaks of DR were similar to the absorption peaks of PROG and E1. Finally, the response of DR to different concentrations of PROG/E1 was analyzed and quantitatively modeled. The results show that a qualitative analysis can be conducted by comparing the corresponding DR resonance peak changes in PROG and E1 samples at various concentrations. The best R2 for the PROG quantitative model was 0.9872, while for E1, it was 0.9828. This indicates that terahertz spectral–metamaterial technology for the qualitative and quantitative detection of the typical reproductive hormones PROG and E1 in dairy cows is feasible and worthy of in-depth exploration. This study provides a reference for the identification of dairy cow estrus.
Luminescent Alendronic Acid-Conjugated Micellar Nanostructures for Potential Application in the Bone-Targeted Delivery of Cholecalciferol
Authors: Rizzi Federica , Panniello Annamaria , Comparelli Roberto , Arduino Ilaria , Fanizza Elisabetta , Iacobazzi Rosa Maria , Perrone Maria Grazia , Striccoli Marinella , Curri Maria Lucia , Scilimati Antonio , Denora Nunzio , Depalo Nicoletta
Published: May 2024

Vitamin D, an essential micronutrient crucial for skeletal integrity and various non-skeletal physiological functions, exhibits limited bioavailability and stability in vivo. This study is focused on the development of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-grafted phospholipid micellar nanostructures co-encapsulating vitamin D3 and conjugated with alendronic acid, aimed at active bone targeting. Furthermore, these nanostructures are rendered optically traceable in the UV–visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum via the simultaneous encapsulation of vitamin D3 with carbon dots, a newly emerging class of fluorescents, biocompatible nanoparticles characterized by their resistance to photobleaching and environmental friendliness, which hold promise for future in vitro bioimaging studies. A systematic investigation is conducted to optimize experimental parameters for the preparation of micellar nanostructures with an average hydrodynamic diameter below 200 nm, ensuring colloidal stability in physiological media while preserving the optical luminescent properties of the encapsulated carbon dots. Comprehensive chemical-physical characterization of these micellar nanostructures is performed employing optical and morphological techniques. Furthermore, their binding affinity for the principal inorganic constituent of bone tissue is assessed through a binding assay with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, indicating significant potential for active bone-targeting. These formulated nanostructures hold promise for novel therapeutic interventions to address skeletal-related complications in cancer affected patients in the future.
Antifungal Potential of Secondary Metabolites Derived from Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr.: An Analysis of In Silico Enzymatic Inhibition and In Vitro Efficacy against Candida Species
Authors: Hendra Rudi , Agustha Aulia , Frimayanti Neni , Abdulah Rizky , Teruna Hilwan Yuda
Published: May 2024

Considering the escalating resistance to conventional antifungal medications, it is critical to identify novel compounds that can efficiently counteract this challenge. The purpose of this research was to elucidate the fungicidal properties of secondary metabolites derived from Arcangelisia flava, with a specific focus on their efficacy against Candida species. This study utilized a combination approach comprising laboratory simulations and experiments to discern and evaluate the biologically active constituents present in the dichloromethane extract of A. flava. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that compounds 1 (palmatine) and 2 (fibraurin) exhibited antifungal properties. The compounds exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 15.62 to 62.5 µg/mL against Candida sp. Moreover, compound 1 demonstrated a minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 62.5 µg/mL against Candida glabrata and C. krusei. In contrast, compound 2 exhibited an MFC of 125 µg/mL against both Candida species. Based on a molecular docking study, it was shown that compounds 1 and 2 have a binding free energy of −6.6377 and −6.7075 kcal/mol, respectively, which indicates a strong affinity and specificity for fungal enzymatic targets. This study utilized pharmacophore modeling and Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations to better understand the interaction dynamics and structural properties crucial for antifungal activity. The findings underscore the potential of secondary metabolites derived from A. flava to act as a foundation for creating novel and highly efficient antifungal treatments, specifically targeting fungal diseases resistant to existing treatment methods. Thus, the results regarding these compounds can provide references for the next stage in antifungal drug design. Further investigation is necessary to thoroughly evaluate these natural substances’ clinical feasibility and safety characteristics, which show great potential as antifungal agents.
The Synergistic Production Effect of Water and Nitrogen on Winter Wheat in Southern Xinjiang
Authors: Lei Qingyuan , Tao Wanghai , Lin Shudong , Su Lijun , Deng Mingjiang , Wang Quanjiu , Yang Fan , Zhu Tao , Ma Liang
Published: May 2024

Water and nitrogen management are crucial for food security and the efficient use of water and fertilizer, especially in arid regions. Three irrigation levels, namely, 80% crop water requirement (ETC) (W1), 100% ETC (W2), and 120% ETC (W3), and three nitrogen application levels, namely, 0 kg/ha (N1), 207 kg/ha (N2), and 276 kg/ha (N3), were used as the experimental treatments, and a control group, denoted as CK, was created. The results show that the maximum height achieved was 82.16 cm under W3N3. There was a single-peak variation trend throughout the growth stages of SPAD. It peaked at 58.44 under W3N3 and then at 27.9 under W2N2. The net photosynthetic and transpiration rates displayed bimodal peaks and the phenomenon of a “photosynthetic midday depression”. And the prominent peaks in leaf water use efficiency occurred at 14:00 and 18:00, alongside noteworthy enhancements observed under the W3 treatment. Water and nitrogen and their interactions significantly affected the dry matter (DM) of winter wheat, with the spike accounting for the highest percentage. The W2N2 treatment demonstrated superior effectiveness in enhancing winter wheat water use efficiency, offering the potential to decrease irrigation requirements by 20% and nitrogen application by 25%. Moreover, the maximum PFPN attained under W2N2 reached 60.13, representing a noteworthy 35.25% increase compared to the control group (CK), but the HI of the W2N2 treatment only reached 0.56. The highest HI was achieved with W3N2 (0.73), and the nitrogen application of 207 kg/ha was more conducive to obtaining a higher HI. The highest yield was achieved under W3N3 (13.599 t/ha), followed by W2N2 (12.447 t/ha), and the spike proportion exceeded 60% with W2N2, and its production cost and economic benefit ratio of under 0.31 were superior to those for other treatments. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the maximum yield reached 12.944 t/ha with an irrigation amount of 3420.1 m3/ha and a nitrogen application of 251.92 kg/ha. Overall, our study suggests using an optimal water–nitrogen combination, specifically an irrigation level of 2829 m3/ha and a nitrogen application rate of 207 kg/ha, leading to increased winter wheat yields and economic benefits. These research results provide a pragmatic technique for improving winter wheat production in southern Xinjiang.
Contributions of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Receptors for the Activities of Pectis brevipedunculata Essential Oil against Drosophila suzukii and Pollinator Bees
Authors: da Cruz Araujo Sabrina Helena , Mantilla-Afanador Javier Guillermo , Svacina Thiago , Nascimento Tarciza Fernandes , da Silva Lima Aldilene , Camara Marcos Bispo Pinheiro , Viteri Jumbo Luis Oswaldo , dos Santos Gil Rodrigues , da Rocha Cláudia Quintino , de Oliveira Eugênio Eduardo
Published: May 2024

The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors play pivotal roles in the transmission of neuronal information in the nervous system of insects, which has led these proteins to be targeted by synthetic and natural products. Here, we assessed the insecticidal potential of the essential oil of Pectis brevipedunculata (Gardner) Sch. Bip., a neotropical Asteraceae plant used in traditional medicine, for controlling Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) adults by feeding exposure. By using in silico approaches, we disentangle the contribution of GABA receptors and other potential neuronal targets (e.g., acetylcholinesterase, glutathione-S-transferases) in insects that may explain the essential oil differential activities against D. suzukii and two essential pollinator bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus and Partamona helleri Friese). Neral (26.7%) and geranial (33.9%) were the main essential oil components which killed D. suzukii with an estimated median lethal concentration (LC50) of 2.25 µL/mL. Both pollinator forager bee species, which would likely contact this compound in the field, were more tolerant to the essential oil and did not have their diet consumptions affected by the essential oil. Based on the molecular predictions for the three potential targets and the essential oil main components, a higher affinity of interaction with the GABA receptors of D. suzukii (geranial −6.2 kcal/mol; neral −5.8 kcal/mol) in relation to A. mellifera (geranial −5.2 kcal/mol; neral −4.9 kcal/mol) would contribute to explaining the difference in toxicities observed in the bioassays. Collectively, our findings indicated the involvement of GABA receptors in the potential of P. brevipedunculata essential oil as an alternative tool for controlling D. suzukii.
Deficit Irrigation Effects on Cotton Growth Cycle and Preliminary Optimization of Irrigation Strategies in Arid Environment
Authors: Lin Meiwei , Wang Lei , Lv Gaoqiang , Gao Chen , Zhao Yuhao , Li Xin , He Liang , Sun Weihong
Published: May 2024

With the changing global climate, drought stress will pose a considerable challenge to the sustainable development of agriculture in arid regions. The objective of this study was to explore the resistance and water demand of cotton plants to water stress during the flowering and boll setting stage. The experimental plot was in Huaxing Farm of Changji city. The plots were irrigated, respectively, at 100% (as the control), 90%, 85% and 80% of the general irrigation amount in the local area. The relationship between the various measured indexes and final yield under different deficit irrigation (DI) treatments was studied. The results showed that deficit irrigation impacted the growth and development processes of cotton during the flowering and boll setting stage. There was a high negative correlation (R2 > 0.95) between the maximum leaf area index and yield. Similarly, there was a high correlation between malondialdehyde content and yield. Meanwhile, 90% of the local cotton irrigation contributed to water saving and even increasing cotton yield. Furthermore, based on the results, the study made an initial optimization to the local irrigation scheme by utilizing the DSSAT model. It was found that changing the irrigation interval to 12 days during the stage could further enhance cotton yield and conserve resources.
Spectral Characteristics and Displacement Sensing of U-Shaped Single-Mode–Multimode–Single-Mode Fiber Structure
Authors: Tian Chuan , Chen Xuening , Ren Yaqi , Yang Yuxing , Wang Meng , Bai Xiaolei
Published: May 2024

The U-shaped fiber configuration represents the elementary form of micro-displacement sensing, characterized by its exceptional freedom and flexibility. The study proposes the U-shaped bent single-mode–multimode–single-mode (SMS) fiber structure that integrates the multimode interference (MMI) effect for enhanced mode dispersion and the Mach–Zönder interference (MZI) effect for spectral sensitivity improvement. The transmission spectral properties of the U-shaped SMS fiber structure with a bent radius over 1 cm are experimentally measured as the change in displacement varied within the range of 5 mm in this work. As the radius decreases, the spectrum shows redshift, which is related to the central wavelength of the peak or dips—a smaller wavelength results in a stronger redshift for the same displacement change. The average sensitivity of micro-displacement measurement within a range of 5 mm is 5.41 pm/μm, and the linearity is 99.62%. The maximum sensitivity of U-shaped SMS fiber structure is 34.46 pm/μm, with the minimum displacement change of approximately 5.804 nm. The transmission spectral properties of the U-shaped SMS fiber structure within the ranges of 50 μm, 500 μm, and 5 mm are experimentally measured in this work. This experiment observed a relatively uniform spectral drift pattern in a large range of micro-displacement sensing. The measurement range is limited by the limited spectral range of the light source and the discontinuous variation in the effective refractive index. This provides an experimental reference for further understanding the characteristics of U-shaped fiber structures and applying its application in micro-displacement sensing.
Design of Digital Twin Cutting Experiment System for Shearer
Authors: Miao Bing , Li Yunwang , Guo Yinan
Published: May 2024

This study presents an advanced simulated shearer machine cutting experiment system enhanced with digital twin technology. Central to this system is a simulated shearer drum, designed based on similarity theory to accurately mirror the operational dynamics of actual mining cutters. The setup incorporates a modified machining center equipped with sophisticated sensors that monitor various parameters such as cutting states, forces, torque, vibration, temperature, and sound. These sensors are crucial for precisely simulating the shearer cutting actions. The integration of digital twin technology is pivotal, featuring a real-time data management layer, a dynamic simulation mechanism model layer, and an application service layer that facilitates virtual experiments and algorithm refinement. This multifaceted approach allows for in-depth analysis of simulated coal cutting, utilizing sensor data to comprehensively evaluate the shearer’s performance. The study also includes tests on simulated coal samples. The system effectively conducts experiments and captures cutting condition signals via the sensors. Through time domain analysis of these signals, gathered while cutting materials of varying strengths, it is determined that the cutting force signal characteristics are particularly distinct. By isolating the cutting force signal as a key feature, the system can effectively distinguish between different cutting modes. This capability provides a robust experimental basis for coal rock identification research, offering significant insights into the nuances of shearer operation.
A High-Resolution Time Reversal Method for Target Localization in Reverberant Environments
Authors: Ma Huiying , Shang Tao , Li Gufeng , Li Zhaokun
Published: May 2024

Reverberation in real environments is an important factor affecting the high resolution of target sound source localization (SSL) methods. Broadband low-frequency signals are common in real environments. This study focuses on the localization of this type of signal in reverberant environments. Because the time reversal (TR) method can overcome multipath effects and realize adaptive focusing, it is particularly suitable for SSL in a reverberant environment. On the basis of the significant advantages of the sparse Bayesian learning algorithm in the estimation of wave direction, a novel SSL is proposed in reverberant environments. First, the sound propagation model in a reverberant environment is studied and the TR focusing signal is obtained. We then use the sparse Bayesian framework to locate the broadband low-frequency sound source. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method for broadband low-frequency targeting in a reverberant environment, simulations and real data experiments were performed. The localization performance under different bandwidths, different numbers of microphones, signal-to-noise ratios, reverberation times, and off-grid conditions was studied in the simulation experiments. The practical experiment was conducted in a reverberation chamber. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed method can achieve satisfactory spatial resolution in reverberant environments and is robust.
Penerapan Metode Fuzzy Simple Additive Weighting Pada Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Karyawan Terbaik
Authors: Wijaya Christian Ervina , Farisi Ahmad
Published: May 2024

PT XYZ adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang pembibitan ayam yang berlokasi di Sumatera Selatan. PT XYZ setiap bulannya memiliki penilaian karyawan yang dilakukan secara rutin untuk mengetahui karyawan terbaik tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat beberapa masalah yaitu memakan waktu yang lama dan pembobotan yang sama untuk setiap kriteria penilaian. Maka dari itu, penulis mengusulkan untuk membangun sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan karyawan terbaik yang dapat membantu perusahaan dalam penilaian karyawan menjadi lebih cepat dan tepat. Sistem pendukung keputusan ini menggunakan metode Fuzzy SAW, penulis menggunakan metode tersebut karena metode tersebut cocok untuk penilaian dengan beberapa kriteria. Adapun fitur yang terdapat pada sistem yaitu penambahan kriteria, crisp, alternatif, nilai alternatif dan hasil perhitungan penilaian. Metodologi penulisan yang digunakan adalah metode iterasi dengan hasil berupa sistem pendukung keputusan yang bermanfaat dalam membantu penilaian karyawan menjadi lebih cepat.
РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ РОЗВИТКУ ІДЕЇ ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕМПАТІЙНО-РЕФЛЕКСИВНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ У СВІТОВОМУ НАУКОВОМУ ДИСКУРСІ
Authors: Ревенко І.
Published: May 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню витоків ідеї формування емпатійно-рефлексивної культури майбутніх учителів у філософських ученнях, наукових дослідженнях у галузі психології та педагогіки. Доведено, що розвинені емпатійні та рефлексивні якості допомагають педагогам краще розуміти індивідуальні потреби та особливості учнів, і на цій основі адаптувати підходи до їх навчання, запобігати конфліктам, налагоджувати конструктивну взаємодію, розуміти причини конфліктних ситуацій і знаходити конструктивні рішення. Зазначається, що здатність відчути й зрозуміти іншу людину та аналізувати свої дії як педагога тісно взаємопов’язані. Взаємодія цих психологічних процесів визначає культуру особистості педагога, що об’єднує емпатію та рефлексію, а саме емпатійно-рефлексивну культуру, яка виявляється в здатності розуміти, співпереживати та бути уважним до учня, підтримувати його в успіхах і невдачах, проявляти доброзичливість і почуття близькості, осмислювати його емоційно-психологічний стан і своє власне відчуття співпереживання. Виявлено, що у філософії явище емпатії вивчалося в контексті споріднених понять «симпатія», «вчування», «співчуття», «співпереживання», «розуміння» тощо. У філософських дослідженнях, можна визначити два напрями розуміння феномену емпатії: як метод емоційного пізнання в міжособистісній взаємодії; як стан, властивість або здатність особистості. На підставі аналізу результатів досліджень у галузі філософії та психології про сутнісні характеристики емпатії та її психологічні механізми, з’ясовано, що специфіка емпатії визначається її зв’язком з процесами самоаналізу та самоусвідомлення особистістю емоційних переживань, що свідчить про наявність об’єктивного взаємозв’язку емпатії та рефлексії. Визначено, що вивчення феноменів емпатії та рефлексії мають багатовікову історію, починаючи з появи перших уявлень у філософії та фундаментальних наукових досліджень у цій царині до їх широкого визнання в сучасній освіті.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ПІДХОДИ В СЕГМЕНТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ХОРЕОГРАФІ
Authors: Черкасов В.
Published: May 2024

У статті досліджено та доведено, що здійснений аналіз основних методологічних підходів у сегменті формування професійної компетентності майбутніх учителів хореографії є необхідним, оскільки дає змогу отримати цілісну картину їх реалізації під час практичної діяльності в дитячих та аматорських молодіжних хореографічних колективах. Враховуючи сучасні процеси модернізації вищої мистецької освіти та нові тенденції у професійній підготовці майбутніх учителів хореографії, нами визначено та схарактеризовано такі основні методологічні підходи: системний, компетентнісний, діяльнісний, особистісно-орієнтований, синергетичний, культурологічний. Професійну компетентність майбутніх учителів хореографії, фахівців у сфері виконавського мистецтва, балетмейстерської, викладацької, методичної діяльності визначено як інтегративну властивість фахівця, що виявляється в художньо-творчій діяльності, поведінці та вчинках і зумовлює готовність і здатність кваліфіковано виконувати функції хореографа, керівника дитячого хореографічного колективу за рахунок збалансованого поєднання комплексу необхідних знань, умінь і навичок, а також потреб та мотивів самовдосконалення, морально-естетичних та етичних цінностей. Професійну компетентність майбутніх учителів хореографії ми розглядаємо як компонент професійної зрілості особистості, яка володіє певними фаховими компетентностями та розвинутими художньо-творчими здібностями. Професійна компетентність майбутніх учителів хореографії передбачає: вміння реалізовувати та примножувати в процесі практичної діяльності досвід, традиції та досягнення культурної спадщини у сфері хореографічного мистецтва; креативний підхід до виявлення ініціативи у вирішенні художньо-творчих завдань, пов’язаних з інтерпретацією хореографічної композиції; творчий характер мислення при створенні хореографічних композицій і творчих проєктів; володіти методикою роботи і створення хореографічного твору та інтерпретацією його змісту відповідно до творчого задуму автора з використанням методів і прийомів, а також засобів хореографічної виразності; розуміти хореографію як засіб ствердження національної самосвідомості та ідентичності; проявляти відповідні ділові та моральні якості для досягнення поставленої мети, реалізації поставлених завдань, виконання обов’язків, професійного та особистісного розвитку
ФОРМУВАННЯ ЦІННОСТЕЙ У ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОСТОРІ СУЧАСНОЇ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Кунденко Яна , Гаплевська Ольга
Published: May 2024

Стаття присвячена актуальній проблемі формування цінностей у освітньому просторі сучасної України, що є причиною для застосування нових методів освіти та виховання у вищих закладах освіти, пов’язаних з підготовкою фахівців в галузі науки та техніки, а також сучасних інформаційних технологій. Здійснено теоретико-методологічний аналіз означеної проблеми в контексті зарубіжних та вітчизняних підходів. Визначено основні напрями трансформації духовних цінностей та медіа-засобів, які їх формують та передають в сучасному суспільстві; показано особливості розвитку змістовного контенту в системі освіти, що пов’язаний з новою візуалізованою формою його подання.
Rubric Development and Validation for Assessing Tasks' Solving via AI Chatbots
Authors: Hmoud Mohammad , Swaity Hadeel , Anjass Eman , Aguaded-Ramírez Eva María
Published: May 2024

This research aimed to develop and validate a rubric to assess Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots' effectiveness in accomplishing tasks, particularly within educational contexts. Given the rapidly growing integration of AI in various sectors, including education, a systematic and robust tool for evaluating AI chatbot performance is essential. This investigation involved a rigorous process including expert involvement to ensure content validity, as well as the application of statistical tests for assessing internal consistency and reliability. Factor analysis also revealed two significant domains, "Quality of Content" and "Quality of Expression", which further enhanced the construct validity of the evaluation scale. The results from this investigation robustly affirm the reliability and validity of the developed rubric, thus marking a significant advancement in the sphere of AI chatbot performance evaluation within educational contexts. Nonetheless, the study simultaneously emphasizes the requirement for additional validation research, specifically those entailing a variety of tasks and diverse AI chatbots, to further corroborate these findings. The ramifications of this research are profound, offering both researchers and practitioners engaged in chatbot development and evaluation a comprehensive and validated framework for the assessment of chatbot performance.
Pengaruh Disiplin Pegawai dan Sarana Prasarana Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Melalui Penerapan Absensi Online Di Kantor Kecamatan Banjarbaru Selatan
Authors: Tukiyat Irawanto , Saputra Welli , Ayuningtyas Ayuningtyas , Priono Singgih
Published: May 2024

This study aims to explore the effect of employee discipline and infrastructure facilities on employee performance at the Banjarbaru Selatan Subdistrict Office through the application of online attendance as a mediating variable. This study used quantitative research, the sample was set as many as 71 respondents. Data collection using questionnaires and documentation. While analyzing data using path analysis assisted by SmartPLS 3 software. The results showed that (1) There is a significant influence between Online Attendance (Z) on Employee Performance (Y); (2) There is a significant influence between Work Discipline (X1) on Online Attendance (Z); (3) There is a significant influence between Work Discipline (X1) on Employee Performance (Y); (4) There is a significant influence between Infrastructure Facilities (X2) on Online Attendance (Z); (5) There is a significant influence between Infrastructure Facilities (X2) on Employee Performance (Y); (6) There is a significant influence between Work Discipline (X1) on Employee Performance (Y) through Online Attendance (Z); (7) There is no significant influence between Infrastructure Facilities (X2) on Employee Performance (Y) through Online Attendance (Z).
Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Karir terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Cakra Kencana Lestari
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Purboyo Purboyo , Lestari Niti
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze and determine the influence of career training and development on employee performance at PT. Cakra Kencana Lestari. This research is of a quantitative type. The population in this study consists of all employees empowered at PT. Cakra Kencana Lestari. The sampling for this research is done using total sampling, which includes all the population, with a sample size of 40 employees of PT. Cakra Kencana Lestari. Based on the research results and analysis obtained in this study, it can be concluded that career training and development have a significant partial impact on employee performance at PT. Cakra Kencana Lestari. Simultaneously, career training and development have a significant impact on employee performance at PT. Cakra Kencana Lestari. The company's efforts in providing career training and development have a positive impact on employee performance.
Pathomorphosis of eyelid tumor pathology in demodectic infection
Authors: Artemov О.V. , Lytvynenko M.V. , Neskoromna N.V. , Chebotarova S.О. , Prus R.V. , Oluwafemi A.T. , Nassar M. , Narbutova Т.Ye. , Larson L.M.
Published: May 2024

Background. Pathological changes in the tissues of the oculo-conjunctival region caused by the activity of the Demodex mite is represented by the development of inflammatory process. On detection of the parasite on eyelashes, the presence of the Demodex mite is diagnosed in half of adult patients seeking ophthalmic care. Pathomorphological descriptions of specific patterns associated with the presence of Demodex infection are practically absent. During pathological examination, in the vast majority of cases it is almost impossible to see the parasite in the test material. There are pathomorphological patterns associated with the presence of the mite as a commensal, not only on the eyelid surface or in the conjunctiva, but also in morphological structures formed against the background of pathological processes in this area.

Aim. To find out the morphological patterns reflecting the pathomorphosis of some tumor processes in the eyelid thickness caused by demodectic invasion, which have not been identified so far in ophthalmopathological studies.

Materials and Methods. We analyzed the archival material from the oculo-conjunctival region submitted to the ocular pathology laboratory within the period of 2020–2023. Surgical and biopsy specimens were processed by standard histologic methods.

Results. One of the pathognomonic patterns of demodecosis are calcifications with fragments of the dead mite and cysts. When a mite rapidly destroys tissue, it leaves the site until it dies without retaining its fragments. Post-demodecosis pathomorphosis in basal cell carcinoma of the eyelids complicates the pathomorphologic diagnosis of the biopsy.

Conclusions. Our results prove the presence of mites in tumor tissues and illustrate their influence on the development of the pathomorphological picture, which should be taken into account in the practical activity of a pathologist.

Keywords: demodex mite, pathomorphology, ophthalmopathological examination, oculo-conjunctival region.