bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The structure of intestinal infections in the infectious department
Authors: Nikonorova Marina A. , Karbysheva Nina V. , Kotovshchikova Elena F. , Shevtsova Ekaterina , Beskhlebova Olga V.
Published: October 2022

Background. Every year in Russia, the number of patients with acute intestinal infections of unknown etiology remains at a significant level.
Aim. To determine the current etiological structure and features of the clinical course of acute intestinal infections in the infectious diseases department of a city hospital.
Material and methods. For the period from 2017 to 2019, 181 patients with manifestations of acute intestinal infections, who were in the infectious departments of the City Hospital No. 5, Barnaul, were examined. The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 76 years (mean age 35.414.8 years), including 55.6% females and 44.4% males. The study of biological material from patients (feces) was performed using polymerase chain reaction with hybridization-fluorescence detection, bacteriological examination and serological method (indirect hemagglutination reaction) for the presence of antibodies to pathogens of acute intestinal infections (in blood serum). The statistical significance of differences was assessed by the 2 test.
Results. Out of 181 patients with acute intestinal infections, 108 (59.7%) had the etiology of the disease, of which 54 (50%) patients had an infection of viral etiology, including in the form of monoinfection in 45 cases, and caused by a combination of two viruses in 9 cases. In 41 (38%) patients, acute intestinal infections of bacterial etiology were diagnosed, including a combination of two pathogens in 4 cases, and three pathogens in 1 case. 13 patients had viral-bacterial intestinal infections. As a result of the survey, on the existing list of laboratory tests, the etiology of intestinal infection was not established in 73 (40.3%) patients. In patients with acute intestinal infection of bacterial etiology, the disease proceeded more severely, with higher body temperature and colitis, in patients with intestinal infection of viral etiology with gastroenteritis.
Conclusion. A high proportion of intestinal infections of viral etiology (up to 50%) with etiological dominance of noroviruses has been established. Among the causative agents of bacterial acute intestinal infections, Campylobacter and Salmonella prevailed.
Variety of thoracodorsal nerve branching variants
Authors: Gorbunov Nikolay S. , Kober Kristina V. , Kasparov Eduard V. , Rostovtsev Sergey I.
Published: October 2022

Background. Accurate knowledge of the anatomy of all branches of peripheral nerves is necessary for successful neurotization and muscle plasty.
Aim. Anatomical substantiation of the use of branches of the thoracodorsal nerve in neurotization and muscle plasty.
Material and methods. The study was carried out on 121 preparations of the thoracodorsal nerve and the latissimus dorsi muscle from 105 cadavers of men and women aged 36100 years. Variants of extra- and intramuscular branching of the thoracodorsal nerve were studied, a classification was developed and the possibilities of using it in reconstructive surgery were shown. A database was formed from the obtained indicators in the MS Excel 2012 program, and their processing was carried out using Statistica for Windows 12. The article presents only those indicators that do not follow the normal distribution according to the single-sample ShapiroWilk test. When describing the studied indicators, the median (Me) and quartile values (Q1, Q3) were determined.
Results. Anatomical layering and macromicroscopic dissection revealed 13 variants of extramuscular branching of the thoracodorsal nerve, which were combined into three groups. In the first group, which is 6.6%, the thoracodorsal nerve penetrates the latissimus dorsi muscle in one trunk and is divided into intramuscular branches of the first and second orders. In the second group (40.5%), the thoracodorsal nerve is divided into extramuscular branches of the first order, which penetrate into the latissimus dorsi muscle and branch into intramuscular branches of the first and second orders. In the third group (52.9%), the thoracodorsal nerve branches into extramuscular branches of the first and second orders, which are divided in the latissimus dorsi muscle into intramuscular branches of the first and second orders.
Conclusion. The thoracodorsal nerve is characterized by 13 variants of extramuscular and a wide variety of intramuscular branching, which is a factor that determines the tactics of nerve transposition and muscle plasty.
Acute kidney injury in acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Menzorov Maksim V. , Shutov Alexander M. , Sakharov Vladimir S. , Kabanova Vera N.
Published: October 2022

Acute kidney injury is a common complication of acute coronary syndrome that aggravates its prognosis. The article presents the current criteria and stratification of the acute kidney injury severity, its place in the structure of cardiorenal syndromes, renal and cardiorenal continuums. The data on the frequency, severity and clinical variants of complications in acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris are presented. The risk factors for the development of acute kidney injury and its contrast-induced variant are described. The data on the significance of acute renal dysfunction in changing the trajectory of cardiovascular disease, worsening the immediate and long-term prognosis, the development and progression of chronic kidney disease, ischemic complications are presented. The effect of mechanical and pharmacological reperfusion on the incidence of acute kidney injury is described. Promising approaches to the diagnostics of acute kidney injury, including the significance of biomarkers and the problems associated with their use, are outlined. The article presents data on the role of radiopaque agents in the development of acute kidney injury, describes the difference between contrast-induced nephropathy, its contrast-associated, post-contrast and contrast-induced variants. The current approaches to the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury from the point of view of various professional communities are outlined. Approaches to risk stratification and the possibility of using risk scales are described. The main measures for the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury, depending on its severity, the place of renal replacement therapy are presented. The paper presents the current hydration regimens and describes the principles of their modification depending on the clinical characteristics of patients, proposed by experts from the Scientific Society of Nephrology of Russia and the consensus of the American College of Radiology, the US National Kidney Foundation.
Public awareness of evidence-based medicine, the Cochrane collaboration and drug selection ­approaches in pharmacies
Authors: Sharafutdinova Guzel N. , Mullanurova Aliya F. , Korableva Anna A. , Talipova Liliya I. , Ziganshina Liliya E. , Khairullin Rustem N.
Published: October 2022

Background. The importance of the appropriate use of medicines by the population (consumers of health services) based on the principles and achievements of evidence-based medicine is widely recognized. However, little attention is paid to this issue all over the world, and the knowledge of the population about evidence-based medicine and sources of reliable information in Russia is practically not studied.
Aim. To study public awareness of evidence-based medicine and the practice of choosing medicines.
Material and methods. A descriptive study among the inhabitants of Russia was carried out. Information was collected using a questionnaire that respondents filled out on their own. A total of 238 people (representing the general population) participated in the study, and the responses of 134 people (individuals working in health care, patients and caregivers) to questions about information were additionally used.
Results. The study showed that the majority of the population has no knowledge about evidence-based medicine (58%) and the Cochrane Collaboration (84%). Compared with the general population, a higher proportion of people working in health care were aware of both evidence-based medicine in general (41% vs. 26%; p=0.04) and the Cochrane Collaboration (37% vs. 5%; p=0.000002). 137/372 (37%) respondents experienced difficulties in choosing drugs in pharmacies, without significant differences between men and women. The most frequent difficulties in choosing medicines were ignorance of the comparative efficacy and safety of medicines, lack of understanding of the reasons for the variation in prices for the same medicine, the offer of predominantly expensive medicines by pharmacy workers, and the choice of the right medicine in a particular situation. When choosing medicines, the respondents most often relied on the recommendations of a doctor and a pharmacy worker. At the same time, half of the respondents also used other sources of information, the most popular of which was the Internet. The vast majority of respondents are interested in obtaining independent, evidence-based information about medicines.
Conclusion. A low level of public awareness of evidence-based medicine and difficulties in choosing medicines in a pharmacy were revealed.
Study of natural foci of infections transmitted by ticks in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Boyko Vladimir A. , Savitskaya Tat'yana A. , Trifonov Vladimir A. , Serova Irina V. , Petrova Dina N. , Isaeva Guzel Sh.
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the history of tick-borne infections study, which was carried out at the Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, and an analysis of the current epidemiological situation of tick-borne infections in the Republic of Tatarstan. Tick-borne encephalitis was previously quite fully studied in the natural foci of the taiga zone of the USSR, but there was practically no information regarding the features of its distribution in the forest-steppe zone. The occurrence of a number of outbreaks of this disease in the territory of the Tatar ASSR and neighboring republics made research in this direction particularly relevant. Since 1955, the Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology has begun work to identify and study natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis in the Middle Volga region. These studies have acquired the character of constant monitoring and are being systematically continued up to the present time. It was found that the main carriers of ixodid tick-borne borreliosis pathogens in Tatarstan are two types of ixodid ticks, the same as in viral tick-borne encephalitis. The similarity of the areas and basic patterns of the epidemiology of viral tick-borne encephalitis and borreliosis, as well as the possibility of the simultaneous circulation of the causative agents of these diseases (virus and borrelia) in the same ecosystem, has been revealed. Studies of the Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology on the etiology, epidemiology and prevention of infections transmitted by ticks were carried out as part of long-term observations of the state of populations of various types of ixodid ticks in the physical and geographical regions of the Republic of Tatarstan, starting from the 50s of the XX century. This made it possible to trace changes in their spatial structure and assess their current epizootological significance. Landscape and epidemiological zoning of the republic's territories according to tick-borne infections has been carried out. Starting from 2012, new infections have been studied: monocytic ehrlichiosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis.
Comprehensive treatment of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis using laser technologies
Authors: Sadikhov Fatta G.
Published: October 2022

Background. The frequency of autoimmune thyroiditis reaches up to 40% among all thyroid gland diseases and ranks second among endocrinological diseases.
Aim. Carrying out a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of laser photodynamic therapy and traditional conservative treatment in diffuse form of autoimmune thyroiditis.
Material and methods. The work is based on the examination and treatment data of 235 patients hospitalized in the Scientific Center of Surgery named after M.A. Topchubashov for the period from 2008 to 2021. Patients were divided into two groups based on the applied methods of treatment. Patients of the main group (106 people, 45.1%) received sessions of laser photodynamic therapy in combination with intravenous laser blood irradiation with low-intensity laser radiation. Patients in the control group (129 people, 54.9%) received a course of conservative therapy in combination with sessions of intravenous laser blood irradiation with low-intensity laser radiation. To test the statistical significance of differences in the concentrations of thyroid hormones, pituitary gland and antibodies to thyroid tissues in the blood serum of patients before and on the 15th day after treatment, Pearson's 2 test was used. In each group, the mean values of the analyzed clinical parameters, their mean error (m), 95% confidence interval, and the significance of intergroup differences were calculated according to Pearson's 2, MannWhitney U, and Student's t criteria. Differences were considered statistically significant at p 0.050.
Results. In the main group on the 5th day of treatment, normalization of the main indicators of the inflammatory response occurred in 26 (24.5%) patients, in the control group in 16 (12.4%) patients (2=5.9, p=0.010). In patients of the main group, the levels of antibodies to thyroperoxidase on the 15th day after treatment, compared with their values before treatment, decreased by 5.65 times (t=8.4, p 0.001), the content of thyroid-stimulating hormone decreased by 2.18 times (t=6.9, p 0.001), free thyroxine increased 2 times (t=3.4, p 0.01), free triiodothyronine increased 1.71 times (t=1.4, p 0.05). The average values of antibodies to thyroperoxidase in the main group after treatment were within the normal range (31.575.75 IU/ml).
Conclusion. The use of laser photodynamic therapy provides the best results in the treatment of patients with diffuse autoimmune thyroiditis.
Influence of hemoperitoneum in spleen injury on the formation of peritoneal adhesions in intact peritoneum
Authors: Pikalo Ilia A , Podkamenev Vladimir V. , Titov Evgeniy A.
Published: October 2022

Background. It is assumed that the outflow of blood during a spleen injury can cause an adhesive process, which justifies the need for sanitation of the abdominal cavity.
Aim. Determine the effect of hemoperitoneum on the formation of adhesions in an intact peritoneum.
Material and methods. The clinical part of the study included 82 patients with closed splenic injury observed from 2002 to 2019. The mean age was 11.13.5 years. There were 62 boys and 20 girls. The volume of hemoperitoneum was determined by ultrasound scanning. 74 (90%) children underwent non-surgical treatment. Surgical treatment was performed in 6 children with continued bleeding and in 2 patients with delayed bleeding. Experimentally, blood from a peripheral vein of animals was taken and injected into the peritoneal cavity. Posthumously, 12 sections of the parietal peritoneum from rabbits for histological examination were taken. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by the method of descriptive statistics. Statistical significance of mean differences was assessed using the MannWhitney test, and qualitative data using Fisher's exact F-test. Differences were considered significant at p 0.05.
Results. The volume of hemoperitoneum in children with non-surgical treatment of spleen injury did not exceed 15% of the circulating blood volume. In 97.3% of cases, blood resorption from the peritoneal cavity occurred within 14 days. With non-surgical treatment, chronic abdominal pain was registered in 1.35% of cases, with surgical treatment in 62.5% (p=0.000011). None of the patients after non-surgical treatment of splenic injury had adhesive intestinal obstruction, while after laparotomy it occurred in 25% of cases (p=0.0084). It has been experimentally established on animals that hemoperitoneum without damage to the peritoneal mesothelium was accompanied by the development of aseptic inflammation. On the 3rd day, neutrophilic leukocytes accumulated in the peritoneum. Under aseptic conditions, no damage to the mesothelium occurred. By the 10th day, the inflammation stopped. On the 20th and 30th days, there were no additional fibrin deposits.
Conclusion. The presence of blood in the peritoneal cavity without damage to the mesothelium is not a risk factor for the formation of adhesions.
Development of local infiltration anesthesia by Kazan obstetricians and gynecologists (dedicated to the 125th anniversary of the birth of professor P.V. Manenkov)
Authors: Kozlov Lev A.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to highlight the achievements of Kazan obstetricians and gynecologists in replacing general anesthesia with local infiltration anesthesia during obstetric and gynecological surgeries. In the period before the formation of anesthesiology and resuscitation into a separate branch of medicine with its equipment and medicines, local infiltration anesthesia with a tight creeping infiltrate, according to A.V. Vishnevsky, occupied a dominant position in surgery in the first half of the 20th century. In 1925 in Kazan, a student of Professor V.S. Gruzdev, Professor A.I. Timofeev, began to introduce it into the obstetric clinic and developed the technique of this type of anesthesia for gynecological abdominal surgeries. His work was continued by his colleagues, among whom was Professor P.V. Manenkov. He and the staff of the Department and Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Kazan State Medical Institute performed more than 5,000 operations in obstetrics and gynecology, refined the technique of local anesthesia, improved technical equipment, expanded the range of indications for surgery under this type of anesthesia. Many years of clinical and laboratory developments, widely covered in the press, made it possible to perform up to 97% of operations in obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Kazan under local infiltration anesthesia.
Assessment of general locomotor activity and anxiety in zebrafish (Danio rerio) in the light-dark box (tank), the shoaling test, in the novel tank and the open field tests
Authors: Galstyan David S. , Kolesnikova Tatyana O. , Kositsyn Yurii M. , Zabegalov Konstantin N. , Gubaidullina Mariya A. , Maslov Gleb O. , Demin Konstantin A. , Kalueff Allan V.
Published: October 2022

Anxiety is a complex and multifaceted neurobehavioral disorder that includes various forms of chronic pathological anxiety and fears, and is also the cause for various comorbid pathologies, such as depression or cardiovascular diseases. Behavioral testing of various model organisms, including the zebrafish (Danio rerio), is widely used to study neurobiological mechanisms of anxiety. Here, we discuss the novel tank test, the open field test, light-dark box and shoaling test that are widely used in translational biological psychiatry to characterize anxiety-related behavioral phenotypes in zebrafish.
Cognitive tests in zebrafish (Danio rerio): T- and Y-mazes
Authors: Galstyan David S. , Kolesnikova Tatyana O. , Kositsyn Yurii M. , Zabegalov Konstantin N. , Gubaidullina Mariya A. , Maslov Gleb O. , Demin Konstantin A. , Kalueff Allan V.
Published: October 2022

T- and Y-shaped mazes are traditionally used to assess spatial learning and memory of zebrafish. In the installation of the T-shaped maze, the fish are taught to swim into the desired sleeve and not swim into the wrong one using both positive (for example, food reinforcement) and negative (for example, electric current) stimuli to form more persistent reflexes. The Y-shaped maze is based on the principle of spontaneous choice. Spontaneous choice behavior describes the tendency of animals to change their direction of rotation in a series of successive turns. Each choice statistically depends on the previous one, which indicates its mnestic origin. Unlike other types of memory tasks, testing in the Y-shaped maze does not require prior training or reinforcement (as in the T-shaped maze). Both aquatic mazes are becoming useful tools for assessing zebrafish cognitive phenotypes.
Effects of kisspeptin analogues on the behavior of Danio rerio
Authors: Lebedev Andrei A. , Blazhenko Aleksandra A. , Goltz Vladanka Alexandrovna , Devyashin Aleksandr S. , Lebedev Viktor A. , Kazakov Sergei V. , Bayramov Alekber A. , Khokhlov Platon P. , Bychkov Eugenii R. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Previously has been shown that fish kisspeptin 1 (Kiss1) acts on the brains serotonin system to reduce anxiety-phobic reactions in Danio rerio. The kissspeptin gene (kiss1) of teleost fish is also a conservative orthologue of the kissspeptin gene (KISS1/Kiss1) of mammals.
AIM: In this work we investigated the possible anxiolytic effect of mammalian kisspeptin analogs Kiss1 in Danio rerio in comparison with antidepressants of the serotonin-type of action.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A novelty test was used: the fish was first placed in a beaker with a dissolved pharmacological substance (or H2O), and then in a viewing tank for 6 min, where the trajectory of movement, the length of the path, the number of movements to the upper part of the tank, the time spent in the lower part of the tank, number and time of the freezing were automatically recorded.
RESULTS: It is shown that, in response to the novelty of being placed in a viewing tank, fish react by moving to the bottom, increasing friezing, and reducing the number of movements to the upper half of the tank. Against the background of antidepressants clomipramine, paroxetine or trazodone (0.51 mg per 1 l of water), the fish were not only in the lower, but also in the upper part of the viewing tank. The average path length did not change significantly. The time in the lower part of the tank decreased by more than 2 times compared with the control group of animals and showed a dose-dependent effect. The number of movements to the upper part of the tank per experience increased significantly. Mammalian kisspeptin analogues Cloud Clone (USA) in a dose 0.011 mg per 1 l of water caused a similar patterns of behavior in fish in response to novelty. At the same time, the effects of kisspeptin analogs were lower than those of antidepressants. The most effective dose for the action of the studied kisspeptin analogs was 0.1 mg per 1 l of water.
CONCLUSIONS: Thus, mammalian kisspeptin analogs Kiss1 reduce anxiety-phobic responses to novelty in Danio rerio. Data on the unidirectional effects of mammalian kisspeptin analogs and serotonin-type antidepressants support the potential role of Kiss1 in modulating serotonin-dependent behaviours in Danio rerio. The data obtained support the hypothesis that kisspeptin may be involved in the regulation of anxiety-phobic states, apparently to maintain the emotional aspects of reproductive behavior, such as sexual motivation and arousal.
The changes of protein kinases activities in the brain structures after ghrelin antagonists administration in previously stressed Danio rerio
Authors: Blazhenko Alexandra A. , Reikhardt Boris A. , Khokhlov Platon P. , Bychkov Eugenii R. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND: Nowadays there are a lot of data to suggest about an important role of ghrelin signaling system in stress response and reinforcement mechanisms. There is a common opinion that a protein kinase system plays a role of a second intracellular messenger for ghrelin system.
AIM: So, the aim of our study was to measure the total protein kinase activity in brain structures of Danio rerio. The all procedures have been approved according to the Local Ethical Committee of Institute of Experimental Medicine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our study it has been used 50 specimen Danio rerio 68 months of age. There also has been used a predator (Hypsophrys nicaraguensis). During experiment a fish has been firstly placed into a tank of water with a dissolved pharmacological substance for 5 min, then has been transferred into a tank with predator also for 5 min. Two ghrelin antagonists have been used in our experiment in 0.333 mg/l dosage [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 and Agrelax, a recombinant peptide analogue of ghrelin with molecular weight 3.5 kD, which has been invented in our Institute. The brain has been divided into three anatomical parts: telencephalon, midbrain and cerebellum. After that the material for kinase activity assay was made (ADP sensor Universal Kinase Activity Assay kit, BioVision).We also have used GraphPad Prism 6 for statistical estimation. KolmogorovSmirnov test MannWhitney U-test have been used as statistical tests.
RESULTS: In control group, the kinase activity has been determined in all tested brain structures. After predator exposure, the kinase activity has significantly changed. After [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 administration there has not been determined any protein kinase activity in all brain structures. In the cerebellum the kinase activity has been the highest after Agrelax administration. Protein kinase system demonstrates significant stress response.
CONCLUSIONS. Pharmacological action on ghrelin receptors leads to changes in kinase system in Danio rerios brain structures.
Specific Skills and Its Assessment in A New Institutional Context: Discussions, Challenges and Prospects
Authors:   NRU HSE (National Research University Higher School of Economics), Sorokin Pavel S. , Maltseva Vera A. ,   NRU HSE (National Research University Higher School of Economics), Gass Paulina V. ,   NRU HSE (National Research University Higher School of Economics)
Published: October 2022

The search for new drivers of global socio-economic development in the face of a slowdown (partially due to the COVID-19) put the issues of skills development, including institutional solutions of the human capital formation, at the front line. Despite significant progress in understanding the importance of general skills and their contribution to economic growth, professional skills as the pivot of specific human capital are commonly analyzed through the vague categories like formal qualification and years of tenure. The lack of an institutionalized and commonly accepted practice for measuring professional skills restrains research in economics dealing with returns to skills, as well as institutional studies. The present study aims to partially fill this gap by analyzing the discussion about professional skills in broader discourse about skills and systematizing the existing approaches to professional skills’ assessments, as well as by mapping the prospects in the context of emerging digital technologies and institutional change attributed to them. The analysis was conducted on academic papers and reports published in 2013–2020. The research showed that although the number of academic papers focusing on professional skills is high, the discussion (especially, about assessment) is fragmented reflecting industries’ specifics. The mainstream expert discussion on skills and their assessment tends to focus on general skills, overlooking professional skills, with partial exception of certain digital skills. Discussion largely grounds on traditional approaches, which cannot produce scalable and comparable results for further economic analysis. At the same time, new digital assessment tools are not yet widely disseminated. There is a need for further improvement and expansion of traditional skills assessments via exams or tests, alongside with searching for novel approaches to measuring skills acquired and being used on the workplace. This could also contribute to the institutional studies dealing with the research of transformations happened in corporate, national, and international level.
Game-Theoretic Approach to Modeling Collective Labor Incentives for Regional Civil Servants in Russia
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Cherednichenko Larisa G. , Gubarev Roman V. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Dziuba Evgeny I. ,   All-Russian Popular Front, Fayzullin Fanil S. ,   Institute of Social and Economic Research of the UFRC of the RAS
Published: October 2022

Currently, a number of external factors (in particular, sanctions pressure from the US and EU countries, the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection) have a strong negative impact on the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Therefore, the head of almost any Russian region is forced to perform the functions of an anti-crisis manager. The modern system of stimulating the work of civil regional employees can help improve the efficiency of public administration, and as a result, ensure the socio-economic development of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The author's approach to this issue is based on the simultaneous application of a number of modern scientific methods, namely index, neural network technologies and mathematical game theory. The use of neural network technologies makes it possible to objectively assess the achieved level of socio-economic development of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Taking into account the positive foreign (Singapore and South Korean) experience in the field of civil service reform, it is proposed to make the amount of collective incentive payments (bonus fund) of regional civil servants directly dependent on the achieved level of socio-economic development of the subject of the Russian Federation. In turn, this implies the development of a hierarchical system of collective-individual stimulation of the work of regional civil servants. During the construction of the game-theoretic model, the correct establishment of the relationship between the level of collective incentive payments to regional civil servants and the socio-economic development of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation is ensured. After experimental refinement of the parameters of the game-theoretic model, there is a possibility of its practical application to stimulate the work of regional civil servants in Russia. The introduction of the author's approach into the practice of regional management, firstly, will allow coordinating the activities of ministries and departments, and secondly, will strengthen control over the targeted spending of budgetary funds on bonus payments to civil civil servants.
Efficient Public Procurement and The Role of Competition
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Melnikov Vladimir V.
Published: October 2022

The authors explain why accurate conclusions on public procurement efficiency are impossible in light of the current formal rules of the public contractual system. In regulatory acts, efficiency is replaced with saving and effectiveness - concepts that have different meaning and do not focus on the scale of transaction costs associated with contract conclusion and execution. Since assessing public procurement efficiency has no economic meaning outside the interests of particular actors, achieving the indicators specified in the Budget Code of the Russian Federation is not indicative of the desirable vector of development and result interpretation. In this case, control over efficient satisfaction of public needs is replaced with attaining the metrics (pseudo-objectives) and procedural compliance, which increases the regulator' influence. Multiple control parameters lead to adverse selection of the stuff of customer's contractual services and affect the quality of procured goods. Quasi- market competition based on directive buyer- seller interaction gives the appearance of fair transactions but does not stimulate efficiency or saving of public financial resources against transaction costs. Fair procedures designed to protect competitors from each other do not allow to build up trust-based interactions within the contractual system and engage supplier's reputation as well as establish long-term economic relations. To further develop the contractual system in Russia, would be useful to have a legal definition of public procurement efficiency and give the criteria for achieving it or rejecting procedural regulation.
el-Ḥumeydî’nin Bedî‘iyyesinde Kullandığı Bazı Edebi Sanatlar
Authors: EGE Ramazan , TİLKİTAŞ Sadullah
Published: October 2022

Allah Resûlü’nün vefatından sonra İslam dünyasında yaşanan siyasi çalkantılar, sıkıntılar, haçlı tehdidi vb. sebeplerle Müslümanlar manevi destek arayışına girmişlerdir. Ayrıca şairler, ruhi ve bedeni rahatsızlıklarına şifa ummak, gönüllerindeki peygamber sevgisini izhar etmek, edebi sanatların öğrenilmesine katkı sağlamak gibi düşüncelerle Hz. Peygamber’i konu alan kasideler yazmışlardır. H. 7. asırdan sonra belli başlı şartları taşıyan bu tür kasidelere bedî‘iyye denilmiştir. Abdurrahman b. Ahmed b. Ali el-Humeydî de Temliḥu’l bedî' bi medḥi’ş-şefî‘ adını verdiği kasidesi ile bu türün temsilcilerinden biri olmuştur. Bu makalede el-Humeydî’nin, kasidesinde geçen 49 sanat tanıtılacak ve beyitler tercüme edilerek istişhâd ettiği yerlere değinilecektir. Bu çalışma ile bedî‘iyye türünün örneklerinden olan el-Humeydî’nin beyitleri ve bu beyitlerde geçen edebî sanatların tanıtılması amaçlanmıştır.
Key Attributes for Evaluating the Visitor's Satisfaction at Shopnopuri Artificial Amusement Park of Dinajpur
Authors: Huq Sheikh Majedul , Aktar Mst. Shuly , Neogy Taposh Kumar
Published: October 2022

This research aims to identify influential factors of visitors' satisfaction in Shopnopuri as a tourism destination and explores the level of satisfaction. A thorough and well-structured questionnaire based on the seven Point Likert scale was developed for primary data collection. A straightforward random sample process was used to choose 295 participants in total for the study. A multivariate analytic method like "Factor Analysis" was utilized to pinpoint the variables. Scale reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha. The investigation shows that the constructs are very stable and internally consistent. Most observed variables had Cronbach's alpha values between 0.6 and 0.7. The study also demonstrates the substantial correlation between kids' entertainment and satisfaction. On the other hand, the quantity of rides strongly inversely correlates with enjoyment. According to the result of the study, aspects like more expansive Space and variety of foods, cleanliness and security, entertainment, and visitors are all crucial when deciding whether or not to visit Shopnopuri Park. Finally, 39 factors influence visitor satisfaction. First, the outcomes would improve Shopnopuri park's performance and tourist services, leading to increased satisfaction for both domestic and foreign visitors. The study is based on random sampling, so the result cannot be generalized.
Compressing English Speech Data with Hybrid Methods without Data Loss
Authors: Bakır Çiğdem
Published: October 2022

Understanding the mechanism of speech formation is of great importance in the successful coding of the speech signal. It is also used for various applications, from authenticating audio files to connecting speech recording to data acquisition device (e.g. microphone). Speech coding is of vital importance in the acquisition, analysis and evaluation of sound, and in the investigation of criminal events in forensics. For the collection, processing, analysis, extraction and evaluation of speech or sounds recorded as audio files, which play an important role in crime detection, it is necessary to compress the audio without data loss. Since there are many voice changing software available today, the number of recorded speech files and their correct interpretation play an important role in detecting originality. Using various techniques such as signal processing, noise extraction, filtering on an incomprehensible speech recording, improving the speech, making them comprehensible, determining whether there is any manipulation on the speech recording, understanding whether it is original, whether various methods of addition and subtraction are used, coding of sounds, the code must be decoded and the decoded sounds must be transcribed. In this study, first of all, what sound coding is, its purposes, areas of use, classification of sound coding according to some features and techniques are given. Moreover, in our study speech coding was done on the English audio data. This dataset is the real dataset and consists of approximately 100000 voice recordings. Speech coding was done using waveform, vocoders and hybrid methods and the success of all the methods used on the system we created was measured. Hybrid models gave more successful results than others. The results obtained will set an example for our future work.
The Strategies in Learning English Listening Skills Used by The Eighth-Graders
Authors: Wahyuni Mery Eka , Inayati Nina
Published: October 2022

Listening is a receptive skill that plays a crucial role in learning English because it is a language modality used in direct conversation. This study determined the strategies used by the eighth-graders in English listening lessons and their reasoning. This study implemented a mixed-method approach and was carried out in a private junior high school in Probolinggo, involving 62 students. To collect the data, the researchers employed surveys and interviews to determine the types of student learning strategies in listening lessons and the reasons for using these strategies. The survey data were analyzed quantitatively using weighted means, while the qualitative data from the interview were thematically analyzed. The findings indicated that the most used strategies were metacognitive (x=3.77), cognitive (x=3.69), and social-affective (x=3.40). Next, students’ reasons for using the metacognitive strategies would understand the topic, think about the learning process, and evaluate evaluations that help them do the listening test. Students could understand the meaning of the topics they hear, make students focus on learning objectives, and know the progress of learning applied. By knowing students' learning strategies and their reasons, teachers can be more creative in choosing the proper learning methods because they know students' character and what they need.
Technological design of parts using layered fabric composite
Authors:   Samara University (Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev), Samara, Russia, Pavlov A.A.
Published: October 2022

The article considers the features of solving the problem of designing complex shape constructions made from layered fabric composites considering the triad "material-technology-construction". Based on the developed models, the design problem is formulated in terms of non-linear mathematical programming. The novelty is the approach to choosing the main design variables by dividing the digital model of the product into structural and technological groups, which pro-vide a quick and visual search for a rational distribution of material in the structure using a genetic optimization algo-rithm. The proposed approach is a development of the “precision design” methodology. It ensures the technological feasibility of composite items with a layered structure and their high weight return with minimal modifications at the early stages of design. The application of the technique is shown on the example of solving the problem of designing a composite bracket for the spoiler hinge of a modern passenger aircraft. Comparison of the designed bracket made of a layered fabric composite with a metal counterpart showed a significant reduction in the weight of the bracket.
Mandatory vaccination of medical personnel against COVID-19: European standards of its introduction
Authors: Ventskivska I.B. , Deshko L.M. , Lotiuk O.S. , Vasylchenko O.P. , Narytnyk T.T.
Published: October 2022

Objective: to identify the standards of the European Court of Human Rights on the introduction of mandatory vaccination of medical personnel from COVID-19 in conditions of pandemic.The analysis has been carried out on the Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights as for vaccination matters, which formed the legal position of the Court on its implementation by the State. These decisions were divided into groups according to the conditions in which the European Council launched mandatory vaccination: the situation, which is being ordinary, one (standard vaccination against diseases well known to medical science, where vaccines have been tested and investigated thoroughly). Another one is extraordinary situation within society and state, as well as in the world, for example, COVID-19 pandemic.The standards of the European Court of Human Rights for the introduction of mandatory vaccination of medical personnel against COVID-19 in conditions of pandemic have been identified: these measures must be provided by the State legislation which is to meet quality rule of law criteria; to pursue legitimate goal (protection of the population from COVID-19); to be necessary in democratic society. Mandatory vaccination of healthcare professionals against COVID-19 should be used if the goal of protecting the population from COVID-19 cannot be achieved in other ways. Mandatory vaccination of medical personnel against COVID-19 is not the same as forced vaccination. The medical employee chooses whether to be vaccinated against COVID-19 or not according to his own views, values, no matter how irrational, unreasonable, shortsighted they may be in the opinion of the state and other people. The state does not have the right to use forced vaccination, but may apply the following: a range of measures to clarify, persuade, encourage mandatory vaccination of medical personnel against COVID-19, which may be direct or indirect, but not violent; sanctions for refusal from mandatory vaccination of medical personnel from COVID-19 who have no contraindications (suspension from medical activities, fines, etc.).Conclusions. The data obtained in this way allow us to develop further proposals for improving legal regulation of vaccination in Member States of the Council of Europe and increase the effectiveness of ensuring the rights of medical personnel, reduce tensions within society.
Potential danger of the negative impact of professional women’s sports on the reproductive function of sportswomen
Authors: Tsyhanenko O.I. , Pershehuba Y.V. , Bohdanovych L.V. , Skliarova N.A.
Published: October 2022

The article is a review of modern achievements in the field of studying reproductive health problems among professional sportswomen. Long-term and intensive physical loads are used for professional female athletes in the training process in speed-strength sports at levels that were historically characteristic only for male athletes. Insufficient awareness of this problem among doctors, trainers, and athletes can be considered as an actual problem of the potential danger for the reproductive function of female athletes during professional sports. Specialists in the field of the impact of high physical exertion on the reproductive health of female athletes have to face a complex of problems. The medical problems include female athlete triad, relative lack of energy, disruption of endocrine regulation due to the use of doping and contraceptives, and hyperandrogenism. Pedagogical problems include contradiction between the desire to achieve high sports results and the conscious, even indifferent attitude of the coaching staff to the physiological characteristics of women and the lack of relevant knowledge on the part of female athletes and their parents.The well-known female athlete triad – amenorrhea, anorexia and the lack of energy syndrome – has a neuroendocrinology basis caused by genetic, physiological factors and high physical loads. These data should be brought to the attention of coaches, female athletes and their parents. It was proposed algorithm for the prevention of reproductive health of professional athletes.Conclusions. High performance sports pose an additional risk for women’s reproductive health. Doping, contraception and neglecting the peculiarities of the menstrual cycle are a threat to the future life and health of female athletes. The risk group consists of young athletes. An important approach to solving the problem is to inform of various specialties doctors, first of all obstetricians-gynecologists, endocrinologists, sports doctors, nutritionists, as well as trainers and athletes themselves, about the potential danger of the possible negative impact of professional women’s sports on their reproductive function and about the measures that are necessary to be carried out to prevent the development of this danger.
Uterine artery embolization
Authors: Plaksiieva K.D. , Kosei N.V. , Tatarchuk T.F. , Vlasenko O.A. , Solskyy V.S.
Published: October 2022

Uterine fibroids (UF) is an extremely common benign tumor of the female reproductive system. This pathology is often associated with symptoms that significantly impair the quality of life of a woman and her working capacity, and can also affect the ability to conceive and gestation. Today, we have in the arsenal of operational, drug and minimally invasive methods of UF treatment. One of the most researched and at the same time rather controversial methods of UF treatment is uterine artery embolization (UAE).Literary sources were reviewed using the MEDLINE, PubMed and Web of Science databases for the period 2011–2021. The data related to the history of the technique development, its implementation, indications and contraindications for UAE, its effect on the UF symptoms and on fertility were systematized and presented in this review.UAE as an independent method for the treatment of benign uterine tumors has 20 years of experience in the world and in Ukraine. The indications for UAE are symptomatic UF: profuse and/or prolonged menstruation, dysmenorrhea, compression of the pelvic organs, dyspareunia, frequent urination or urinary retention. Absolute contraindications for UAE are genital tract infections, pregnancy, doubts about the diagnosis, as well as contraindications to the use of X-ray contrast agents.The effectiveness of UAE is assessed by the manifestations of UF symptoms and by the degree of fibroids size reduction. The average node reduction in the diameter is 2.2 cm. The clinical efficacy index is 81–96, 70–100 and 46–100% respectively in the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain and symptoms of compression of adjacent organs. There is a decrease in the node volume by 25–60% within 3–6 months.Conclusions. UAE today is an effective and safe minimally invasive operation, which is a worthy alternative to hysterectomy and expands the possibilities of organ-preserving technologies if there is UF.