bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An insight on the development of functional carbon electrodes from plastic waste for capacitive deionization towards sustainable water reclamation
Authors: Ganesan Vigneshhwaran , Mohammed Samsudeen Naina , Kadhar Mohamed Meera Sheriffa Begum
Published: June 2023

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging electrochemical‐based adsorption system that has a high capability for the water reclamation with future potential towards an energy‐efficient and cost‐effective technique for industrial implementations. However, the higher cost of electrodes and poor performance limit its scale‐up, and there is a need to focus on a cost‐effective electrode towards economic impacts. Among the various waste resources, plastic sources would be the better precursor for carbonization as the plastic‐derived carbon possess enhanced surface properties and high electrochemical stability. Further, the carbonization of plastic products towards electrode minimizes greenhouse gas emissions, maintains environmental sustainability and achieves a dual benefit of circular economy with water reclamation. This paper highlights the overview of CDI, the significance of electrodes in CDI for electrosorption studies, various synthetic routes of plastic‐derived carbon, and its properties that help the researchers to focus on zero waste discharge‐based CDI process.
Group and Lie algebra filtrations and homotopy groups of spheres
Authors: Bartholdi Laurent , Mikhailov Roman
Published: June 2023

We establish a bridge between homotopy groups of spheres and commutator calculus in groups, and solve in this manner the “dimension problem” by providing a converse to Sjogren's theorem: every abelian group of bounded exponent can be embedded in the dimension quotient of a group. This is proven by embedding for arbitrary the torsion of the homotopy group into a dimension quotient, via a result of Wu. In particular, this invalidates some long‐standing results in the literature, as for every prime , there is some ‐torsion in by a result of Serre. We explain in this manner Rips's famous counterexample to the dimension conjecture in terms of the homotopy group . We finally obtain analogous results in the context of Lie rings: for every prime there exists a Lie ring with ‐torsion in some dimension quotient.
Mixed Heat Transfer in a Double Barrel With Differential Velocity Based on CFD–DEM and Experiment
Authors: Zhao Lingying , Ye Min , Ma Yuchuan , Sun Yiding
Published: June 2023

A double barrel with differential velocity (DBDV) was proposed to improve the mixture quality. Temperature is one of the indexes to evaluate the mixture quality. At present, there are few studies on the heat transfer of DBDV. The heat transfer of particles in DBDV was studied by CFD–DEM to deeply understand the proposed DBDV. The heat transfer process in DBDV was analyzed. The distribution law of the temperature field under the coupling effect of particles and fluid was obtained. The influence of fluid speed on particle temperature and the regeneration proportion in DBDV were analyzed and compared with the existing double barrel. And the main heat transfer mode of particles in DBDV was to be obtained. The results show that the mixture temperature in the proposed DBDV is generally higher than that in the existing DB. And the mixture produced by DBDV is not only friendly to the environment but also the mixture temperature can meet the construction requirements even if more than half of the RAP materials are added to the mixture. Compared with DB, the additional proportion of DBDV is increased by 9.38–20.70%. And the reliability of the simulation work was verified by the indoor experiment platform, which lays a foundation for the application of DBDV.
Exergy Analysis of a Passive Thermal System Using Hammerstein–Wiener Estimation
Authors: Dhaundiyal Alok
Published: June 2023

A nonlinear system identification approach was used to exploit the nonlinearly in the exergy of the system and reduce it into two or more interconnected elements. The Hammerstein–Wiener (H-W) methodology was adopted to describe the dynamics of a passive thermal system using a combination of nonlinear and linear blocks. Here, the linear block is a discrete transfer function, which symbolizes the dynamic component of the model. The proposed model was validated using the state functions measured for the solar air collector. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for enthalpy changes falls in the domain of −0.01% to 0.01%, whereas it varied from −0.06% to 0.02% as the entropy of the system changed with time. Similarly, the MAPE encountered while evaluating the exergy of the system was in the closed interval of −0.066% to −0.0017%. The average exergy gain by the H-W model across the Ist and IInd passages was, respectively, 0.90 kJ · kg−1 (8.10 g · s−1), 0.61 kJ · kg−1 (10.10 g · s−1) and 0.46 kJ · kg−1 (12.10 g · s−1); and 0.57 kJ · kg−1 (8.10 g · s−1), 0.48 kJ · kg−1 (10.10 g · s−1), and 0.79 kJ · kg−1 (12.10 g · s−1). The proposed model exhibited good fitting with the validation data.
A checklist of the tick of vultures, with the first record of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus linnaei (Acari: Ixodidae) from the Indian vulture, Gyps indicus (Falconiformes: Accipitridae)
Authors: Kazim Abdul-Rahman , Low Van Lun , Subramaniam Vellayan , Houssaini Jamal , Tappe Dennis , Heo Chong-Chin
Published: June 2023

We report the presence of multiple brown dog ticks (Rhicephalus linnaei) from the Indian vulture Gyps indicus. This paper constitutes the first report of this tick species from the vulture, and also the first documentation of ectoparasites from vultures in Malaysia. Additionally, we have conducted a literature review on ticks from vultures worldwide, resulting in 21 tick species consisted of six genera (Argas, Ornithodoros, Amblyomma, Hyalomma, Ixodes and Rhipicephalus) recorded from eight Old World vultures and two New World vultures. The lists of ticks infesting both vulture groups, along with pathogens detected from some of these ticks, are provided in this paper.
I “Like” It: The Effects of Social Media Platform and Message on Consumer Engagement Actions
Authors: Achen Rebecca M. , Stadler-Blank Ashley , Sailors John J.
Published: June 2023

The academic literature reports mixed evidence on how social media platform and message impact consumer engagement. We investigated the effects of three platforms (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter) and three message themes (sales, informational, and relationship building) on six consumer engagement actions (comment, like, search, share, talk about, and purchase) in a lab experiment. College students responded to social media posts featuring their National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I women’s basketball team. Results for platform show that participants were more likely to comment on Facebook and Twitter (vs. Instagram) and more likely to purchase on Twitter (vs. Instagram). Results for message theme show that participants were more likely to comment, like, and share informational and relationship building posts and more likely to purchase after sales posts. Results for message theme vary by gender for search and talk about (with others). These results can help sport marketers develop social media content that drives specific engagement actions.
The Potential Impact of Physical Activity on the Burden of Osteoarthritis and Low Back Pain in Australia: A Systematic Review of Reviews and Life Table Analysis
Authors: Wanjau Mary Njeri , Möller Holger , Haigh Fiona , Milat Andrew , Hayek Rema , Lucas Peta , Veerman J. Lennert
Published: June 2023

Objective: The objectives were (1) to establish the strength of the association between incident cases of osteoarthritis (OA) and low back pain (LBP), and physical activity (PA) and to assess the likelihood of the associations being causal; and (2) to quantify the impact of PA on the burden of OA and LBP in Australia. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review in EMBASE and PubMed databases from January 01, 2000, to April 28, 2020. We used the Bradford Hill viewpoints to assess causality. We used a proportional multistate life table model to estimate the impact of changes in the PA levels on OA and LBP burdens for the 2019 Australian population (aged ≥ 20 y) over their remaining lifetime. Results: We found that both OA and LBP are possibly causally related to physical inactivity. Assuming causality, our model projected that if the 2025 World Health Organization global target for PA was met, the burden in 25 years’ time could be reduced by 70,000 prevalent cases of OA and over 11,000 cases of LBP. Over the lifetime of the current adult population of Australia, the gains could add up to approximately 672,814 health-adjusted life years (HALYs) for OA (ie, 27 HALYs per 1000 persons) and 114,042 HALYs for LBP (ie, 5 HALYs per 1000 persons). The HALY gains would be 1.4 times bigger if the 2030 World Health Organization global target for PA was achieved and 11 times bigger if all Australians adhered to the Australian PA guidelines. Conclusion: This study provides empirical support for the adoption of PA in strategies for the prevention of OA and back pain.
Concerted conformational changes control metabotropic glutamate receptor activity
Authors: Lecat-Guillet Nathalie , Quast Robert B. , Liu Hongkang , Bourrier Emmanuel , Møller Thor C. , Rovira Xavier , Soldevila Stéphanie , Lamarque Laurent , Trinquet Eric , Liu Jianfeng , Pin Jean-Philippe , Rondard Philippe , Margeat Emmanuel
Published: June 2023

Allosteric modulators bear great potential to fine-tune neurotransmitter action. Promising targets are metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, which are associated with numerous brain diseases. Orthosteric and allosteric ligands act in synergy to control the activity of these multidomain dimeric GPCRs. Here, we analyzed the effect of such molecules on the concerted conformational changes of full-length mGlu2 at the single-molecule level. We first established FRET sensors through genetic code expansion combined with click chemistry to monitor conformational changes on live cells. We then used single-molecule FRET and show that orthosteric agonist binding leads to the stabilization of most of the glutamate binding domains in their closed state, while the reorientation of the dimer into the active state remains partial. Allosteric modulators, interacting with the transmembrane domain, are required to stabilize the fully reoriented active dimer. These results illustrate how concerted conformational changes within multidomain proteins control their activity, and how these are modulated by allosteric ligands.
Information encoding in the spatial correlations of entangled twin beams
Authors: Nirala Gaurav , Pradyumna Siva T. , Kumar Ashok , Marino Alberto M.
Published: June 2023

The ability to use the temporal and spatial degrees of freedom of quantum states of light to encode and transmit information is crucial for a robust and efficient quantum network. In particular, the potential offered by the large dimensionality of the spatial degree of freedom remains unfulfilled, as the necessary level of control required to encode information remains elusive. We encode information in the distribution of the spatial correlations of entangled twin beams by taking advantage of their dependence on the angular spectrum of the pump needed for four-wave mixing. We show that the encoded information can only be extracted through joint spatial measurements of the twin beams and not through individual beam measurements and that the temporal quantum correlations are not modified. The ability to engineer the spatial properties of twin beams will enable high-capacity quantum networks and quantum-enhanced spatially resolved sensing and imaging.
ULK1-mediated metabolic reprogramming regulates Vps34 lipid kinase activity by its lactylation
Authors: Jia Mengshu , Yue Xiao , Sun Weixia , Zhou Qianjun , Chang Cheng , Gong Weihua , Feng Jian , Li Xie , Zhan Ruonan , Mo Kemin , Zhang Lijuan , Qian Yajie , Sun Yuying , Wang Aoxue , Zou Yejun , Chen Weicai , Li Yan , Huang Li , Yang Yi , Zhao Yuzheng , Cheng Xiawei
Published: June 2023

Autophagy and glycolysis are highly conserved biological processes involved in both physiological and pathological cellular programs, but the interplay between these processes is poorly understood. Here, we show that the glycolytic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is activated upon UNC-51–like kinase 1 (ULK1) activation under nutrient deprivation. Specifically, ULK1 directly interacts with LDHA, phosphorylates serine-196 when nutrients are scarce and promotes lactate production. Lactate connects autophagy and glycolysis through Vps34 lactylation (at lysine-356 and lysine-781), which is mediated by the acyltransferase KAT5/TIP60. Vps34 lactylation enhances the association of Vps34 with Beclin1, Atg14L, and UVRAG, and then increases Vps34 lipid kinase activity. Vps34 lactylation promotes autophagic flux and endolysosomal trafficking. Vps34 lactylation in skeletal muscle during intense exercise maintains muscle cell homeostasis and correlates with cancer progress by inducing cell autophagy. Together, our findings describe autophagy regulation mechanism and then integrate cell autophagy and glycolysis.
Spatial transcriptomics stratifies psoriatic disease severity by emergent cellular ecosystems
Authors: Castillo Rochelle L. , Sidhu Ikjot , Dolgalev Igor , Chu Tinyi , Prystupa Aleksandr , Subudhi Ipsita , Yan Di , Konieczny Piotr , Hsieh Brandon , Haberman Rebecca H. , Selvaraj Shanmugapriya , Shiomi Tomoe , Medina Rhina , Girija Parvathy Vasudevanpillai , Heguy Adriana , Loomis Cynthia A. , Chiriboga Luis , Ritchlin Christopher , Garcia-Hernandez Maria De La Luz , Carucci John , Meehan Shane A. , Neimann Andrea L. , Gudjonsson Johann E. , Scher Jose U. , Naik Shruti
Published: June 2023

Whereas the cellular and molecular features of human inflammatory skin diseases are well characterized, their tissue context and systemic impact remain poorly understood. We thus profiled human psoriasis (PsO) as a prototypic immune-mediated condition with a high predilection for extracutaneous involvement. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) analyses of 25 healthy, active lesion, and clinically uninvolved skin biopsies and integration with public single-cell transcriptomics data revealed marked differences in immune microniches between healthy and inflamed skin. Tissue-scale cartography further identified core disease features across all active lesions, including the emergence of an inflamed suprabasal epidermal state and the presence of B lymphocytes in lesional skin. Both lesional and distal nonlesional samples were stratified by skin disease severity and not by the presence of systemic disease. This segregation was driven by macrophage-, fibroblast-, and lymphatic-enriched spatial regions with gene signatures associated with metabolic dysfunction. Together, these findings suggest that mild and severe forms of PsO have distinct molecular features and that severe PsO may profoundly alter the cellular and metabolic composition of distal unaffected skin sites. In addition, our study provides a valuable resource for the research community to study spatial gene organization of healthy and inflamed human skin.
The scientific revolution that unraveled the astonishing DNA repair capacity of the Deinococcaceae: 40 years on
Authors: Daly Michael J.
Published: June 2023

The family Deinococcaceae exhibits exceptional radiation resistance and possesses all the necessary traits for surviving in radiation-exposed environments. Their survival strategy involves the coupling of metabolic and DNA repair functions, resulting in an extraordinarily efficient homologous repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) caused by radiation or desiccation. The keys to their survival lie in the hyperaccumulation of manganous (Mn2+)-metabolite antioxidants that protect their DNA repair proteins under extreme oxidative stress and the persistent structural linkage by Holliday junctions of their multiple genome copies per cell that facilitates DSB repair. This coupling of metabolic and DNA repair functions has made polyploid Deinococcus bacteria a useful tool in environmental biotechnology, radiobiology, aging, and planetary protection. The review highlights the groundbreaking contributions of the late Robert G.E. Murray to the field of Deinococcus research and the emergent paradigm-shifting discoveries that revolutionized our understanding of radiation survivability and oxidative stress defense, demonstrating that the proteome, rather than the genome, is the primary target responsible for survivability. These discoveries have led to the commercial development of irradiated vaccines using Deinococcus Mn-peptide antioxidants and have significant implications for various fields.
An in vitro experiment for remote health monitoring of implanted cardiac pacemakers using Petri nets
Authors: Yang Shang-Kuo , Yang Chih-Min , Chen Kai-Jung
Published: June 2023

For heart disease patients with an implanted artificial pacemaker, monitoring the operational status of the pacemaker is a crucial and challenging issue. This study aims to design a transcutaneous optic telemetry (TOT) system that transmits light signals from a human body through the skin to a receiving circuit and carries pacemaker status information via the light signals to achieve transcutaneous telemetry. Petri net method is used to analyze the simulated pacemaker. Petri nets are constructed to illustrate the process of the pacemaker. Furthermore, the Petri nets for the process with four checkpoints (CPs) deployed on the pacemaker are also constructed. The TOT system uses near-infrared signals generated by a light-emitting diode as a transmission medium, and the pork skin animal model is used to validate the TOT system’s feasibility and efficiency. The correct sequence of CPs determines the normal state of the pacemaker, and the information from these CPs is transmitted in vitro for interpretation through the TOT system. This study designed and implemented the TOT system. Experiments showed that the TOT system’s design is effective in transmitting the CPs information through the pigskin layer without any significant interference. The results proved that the TOT system can transmit CPs information outside the body to achieve the transcutaneous telemetry diagnosis of the pacemaker. This study provides an alternative means to surgical operation for implanted pacemakers examination.
Towards precise constraints in modified gravity: bounds on alternative coupling gravity using white dwarf mass-radius measurements
Authors: Danarianto M. D. , Sulaksono A.
Published: June 2023

Tests have to be performed to rule out proposals for gravity modification. We propose a new idea for constraining alternative theories of gravity using temperature-dependent white dwarf (WD) mass-radius (MR) observational data. We have shown that several alternatives to general relativity (GR), which modified GR only within matter, might be reduced to the well-known Poisson equation similar to that of Eddington-inspired Born Infeld (EiBI) and Minimal Exponential Measure (MEMe) gravity. Retaining EiBI notation, we constrain the value of the coupling constant, $$\kappa $$
κ
, using a high-precision model-independent measurement of WD MR observations. We have demonstrated that the WD model should include detailed physics to achieve good precision. The model should include their temperature and evolutionary aspects, which may be computationally expensive. To overcome this issue, we construct a semi-analytical surrogate model based on Mestel’s model, calibrated with tabulated, detailed realistic models, to correct the zero-temperature radius. We have shown that the best-fit value of $$\kappa $$
κ
depends on the WD model, with the ’thick’ envelope models more consistent in describing data. The tightest bound obtained from the most precise MR measurement, QS Vir, with $$-0.19$$

-
0.19

$$\lesssim \kappa \lesssim $$

≲
κ
≲

0.22 in $$10^3$$

10
3

m$$^5$$

5

kg$$^{-1}$$

-
1

s$$^{-2}$$

-
2

for $$2\sigma $$

2
σ

$$(\sim 95\%)$$

(
∼
95
%
)

credibility. Overall, we assert that the recent precise WD MR measurements, combined with our current understanding of WD structure, are insufficient to see the deviation from the one predicted by GR. Both more precise observation data and detailed WD modelling are required to rule out gravity modification.
The end of the particle era?
Authors: Harlander Robert , Martinez Jean-Philippe , Schiemann Gregor
Published: June 2023

The discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 at CERN completed the experimental confirmation of the Standard Model particle spectrum. Current theoretical insights and experimental data are inconclusive concerning the expectation of future discoveries. While new physics may still be within reach of the LHC or one of its successor experiments, it is also possible that the mass of particles beyond those of the Standard Model is far beyond the energy reach of any conceivable particle collider. We thus have to face the possibility that the age of “on-shell discoveries” of new particles may belong to the past and that we may soon witness a change in the scientists' perception of discoveries in fundamental physics. This article discusses the relevance of this questioning and addresses some of its potential far-reaching implications through the development, first, of a historical perspective on the concept of particle. This view is prompt to reveal important specificities of the development of particle physics. In particular, it underlines the close relationship between the evolution of observational methods and the understanding of the very idea of particle. Combining this with an analysis of the current situation of high-energy physics, this leads us to the suggestion that the particle era in science must undergo an important conceptual reconfiguration.
A Transformer-Embedded Multi-Task Model for Dose Distribution Prediction
Authors: Wen Lu , Xiao Jianghong , Tan Shuai , Wu Xi , Zhou Jiliu , Peng Xingchen , Wang Yan
Published: June 2023

Radiation therapy is a fundamental cancer treatment in the clinic. However, to satisfy the clinical requirements, radiologists have to iteratively adjust the radiotherapy plan based on experience, causing it extremely subjective and time-consuming to obtain a clinically acceptable plan. To this end, we introduce a transformer-embedded multi-task dose prediction (TransMTDP) network to automatically predict the dose distribution in radiotherapy. Specifically, to achieve more stable and accurate dose predictions, three highly correlated tasks are included in our TransMTDP network, i.e. a main dose prediction task to provide each pixel with a fine-grained dose value, an auxiliary isodose lines prediction task to produce coarse-grained dose ranges, and an auxiliary gradient prediction task to learn subtle gradient information such as radiation patterns and edges in the dose maps. The three correlated tasks are integrated through a shared encoder, following the multi-task learning strategy. To strengthen the connection of the output layers for different tasks, we further use two additional constraints, i.e. isodose consistency loss and gradient consistency loss, to reinforce the match between the dose distribution features generated by the auxiliary tasks and the main task. Additionally, considering many organs in the human body are symmetrical and the dose maps present abundant global features, we embed the transformer into our framework to capture the long-range dependencies of the dose maps. Evaluated on an in-house rectum cancer dataset and a public head and neck cancer dataset, our method gains superior performance compared with the state-of-the-art ones. Code is available at https://github.com/luuuwen/TransMTDP.
Properties of symbolic powers of edge ideals of weighted oriented graphs
Authors: Mandal Mousumi , Pradhan Dipak Kumar
Published: June 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a weighted oriented graph and [Formula: see text] be its edge ideal. We provide one method to find all the minimal generators of [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a maximal strong vertex cover of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is the intersections of irreducible ideals associated to the strong vertex covers contained in [Formula: see text]. If [Formula: see text] is an induced digraph of [Formula: see text], under a certain condition on the strong vertex covers of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], we show that [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text] implies [Formula: see text]. We provide the necessary and sufficient condition for the equality of ordinary and symbolic powers of edge ideal of the union of two naturally oriented paths with a common sink vertex. We characterize all the maximal strong vertex covers of [Formula: see text] such that at most one edge is oriented into each of its vertices and [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text]. Finally, if [Formula: see text] is a weighted rooted tree with the degree of root is [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] when [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text], we show that [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text].
RATING TRANSITIONS FORECASTING: A FILTERING APPROACH
Authors: COUSIN ARESKI , LELONG JÉRǑME , PICARD TOM
Published: June 2023

Analyzing the effect of business cycle on rating transitions has been a subject of great interest these last 15 years, particularly due to the increasing pressure coming from regulators for stress testing. In this paper, we consider that the dynamics of rating migrations, in a pool of credit references, is governed by a common unobserved latent Markov chain. We explain how the current state of the hidden factor, can be efficiently inferred from observations of rating histories. We then adapt the classical Baum–Welch algorithm to our setting and show how to estimate the latent factor parameters. Once calibrated, we may reveal and detect economic changes affecting the dynamics of rating migration, in real time. The filtering formula is then used to predict future transition probabilities according to the economic cycle without using any external covariates. We propose two filtering frameworks: a discrete and a continuous version. We demonstrate and compare the efficiency of both approaches on fictive data and on a corporate credit rating database. The methods could also be applied to retail credit loans. Finally, under a point process filtering framework, we extend the standard discrete-time filtering formula to a more general setting, where the hidden process does not need to be a Markov chain.
Measuring Economic Uncertainty Synchrony with Cross-Sample Entropy Under Common External Factors: The Case of Chile
Authors: Troncoso Nicolás , Contreras-Reyes Javier E. , Idrovo-Aguirre Byron J.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we measured the uncertainty synchrony level of Chilean business economic perception and consumer economic perception, both affected by common external factors reflected in the Global Economy Perception Index (GEPI), unemployment, inflation, interest rate, Monthly Economic Activity (MEAI) and the Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPUI) indexes. We propose using the Composite Multiscale Partial Cross-Sample Entropy (CMPCSE), which quantifies the intrinsic similarity of both time series affected by a common external factor. Uncertainty is measured through the Business Confidence Index (BCI) and Consumer Perception Index (CPI). BCI time series provide useful information about industry, commerce, and the finance, mining, construction and agricultural sectors, the global economic and general business situation. CPI time series measure consumer perception regarding the state of the economy, with consumers evaluating their economic situation and expectations. Results showed a high level of synchronization between business and consumer perceptions in the indexes due to different factors. The most influential in the long term corresponded to unemployment, interest rates, and inflation, EPUI and MEAI, generating uncertainty over a longer period. In addition, the GEPI was found to have an immediate effect on synchronization and high dependence on global uncertainty. Therefore, results could be useful for decision-making related to public policies based on microeconomic indicators of the construction and natural resource sectors, for example.
Dynamic Posture Stabilization Of Humanoid Robot NAO Using 3D-Multilinked Dual Spring-Loaded Inverted Pendulum Model for Uneven and Inclined Floor
Authors: Kashyap Abhishek Kumar , Parhi Dayal R.
Published: June 2023

Gait pattern performance, for its crucial significance in humanoid robot stabilization, has attracted the attention of researchers worldwide. Although simplified models highlight major features, bipedal walking has bewildered the researchers. Therefore, for a precise understanding of the bipedal model, a state-of-the-art, simplified model has been proposed in this paper which comprises a 3D-multilinked dual spring-loaded inverted pendulum (3D-MDSLIP) while acknowledging the vertical fluctuations of the center of mass (CoM). In addition, the model considers upper body movement and its effects on the stabilization of the humanoid robot. The mathematical modeling of a humanoid walking over the obstacle and slope is demonstrated to precisely understand the problem. The tuning process of the parameters and postures in a humanoid robot is complex and time-consuming. For proper walking of a robot over uneven terrains and slopes, tuning of the PID controller is achieved using converged teaching-learning based optimization (CTLBO) technique for a central pattern generator (CPG) gait, as introduced in the paper. The optimal gait angles are applied to the experimental and simulated NAO to successfully navigate the provided terrain. Thus, the experimental and simulation results jointly show that the proposed CPG-CTLBO gait learning technique is feasible for finding an optimal gait pattern for the humanoid robot within a deviation of 5%. The energy efficiency of the proposed controller is compared with the default controller of NAO based on the average electronic current in sagittal and lateral movement. Further, it is examined for the energy consumption for several slopes, and the results obtained are acceptable, showing the controller is efficient. Additionally, it has been compared with an existing technique for walking a humanoid robot on uneven terrains. The graph obtained using the proposed technique demonstrates the superiority of the proposed technique.
Well posedness analysis of a parabolic-hyperbolic free boundary problem for necrotic tumors growth
Authors: Chen Wei , Wei Xuemei
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we study a free boundary problem of tumor growth with necrotic core. The model is a parabolic-hyperbolic partial differential equations, which is composed of three first-order nonlinear hyperbolic equations, a parabolic equation and an ordinary differential equation. First, we obtained the approximation model by polishing the Heaviside function, and then proved the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the approximation model. In addition, we improved the regularity of solution of the approximate problem by using the characteristic curves method, and finally proved the global existence of the weak solution of the original problem by the convergence.
Resource Sharing in Dataflow Circuits
Authors: Josipović Lana , Marmet Axel , Guerrieri Andrea , Ienne Paolo
Published: June 2023

To achieve resource-efficient hardware designs,
high-level synthesis (HLS)
tools share (i.e., time-multiplex) functional units among operations of the same type. This optimization is typically performed in conjunction with operation scheduling to ensure the best possible unit usage at each point in time. Dataflow circuits have emerged as an alternative HLS approach to efficiently handle irregular and control-dominated code. However, these circuits do not have a predetermined schedule—in its absence, it is challenging to determine which operations can share a functional unit without a performance penalty. More critically, although sharing seems to imply only some trivial circuitry, time-multiplexing units in dataflow circuits may cause deadlock by blocking certain data transfers and preventing operations from executing. In this paper, we present a technique to automatically identify performance-acceptable resource sharing opportunities in dataflow circuits. More importantly, we describe a sharing mechanism which achieves functionally correct and deadlock-free dataflow designs. On a set of benchmarks obtained from C code, we show that our approach effectively implements resource sharing. It results in significant area savings at a minor performance penalty compared to dataflow circuits which do not support this feature
(i.e., it achieves a 64%, 2%, and 18% average reduction in DSPs, LUTs, and FFs, respectively, with an average increase in total execution time of only 2%)
and matches the sharing capabilities of a state-of-the-art HLS tool.
Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Oxide Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Sreenivas Dantala , Suvarna Thirukachhi , Lavanya Gunja , Vardhani C. P.
Published: June 2023

The study examines how different nitrogen doping concentrations affect hydrothermally synthesized graphene oxide’s properties using various analytical techniques. Two analytical spectroscopic techniques were used to investigate UV–visible spectroscopy in dispersed samples, namely Bromo Phenol Blue (BPB) and 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ). The results showed that the doped graphene samples absorb most light in the visible range between 476 nm and 568 nm in the presence of BPB, and the band gap values obtained using Tauc’s formalism ranged from 2.65 to 4.03 eV. In the presence of DDQ reagent, the formation of charge transfer complexes led to sharp absorption peaks in the ultraviolet region around 310 nm wavelength and a range of energy band gap values between 3.77 and 3.98 electron volts. Empirical Relations-Based Calculation of Refractive Index (n) for Nitrogen-Doped Graphene displayed Optical Absorption Potential in the Visible and UV ranges. Pyrrolic-N Bonding Dominance in Samples as Evident by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The VSM results demonstrated that the sample with the highest percentage of Pyrrolic-N exhibited the highest saturation magnetization (0.23 emu gm−1) and coercive field (66.6 H Oe). The improved magnetic properties and optical band gap values observed in nitrogen-doped graphene oxide make them promising materials for use in magneto-optical devices.
Changes in transmural mass transport correlate with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm diameter in a fibulin-4 E57K knockin mouse model
Authors: Crandall Christie L. , Wu Yufan , Kailash Keshav A. , Bersi Mathew R. , Halabi Carmen M. , Wagenseil Jessica E.
Published: June 2023

Transmural mass transport is quantified in the ascending thoracic aorta of mice with a mutation in fibulin-4 that is associated with thoracic aortic aneurysms. Fluid and solute transport depend on aneurysm severity, correlate with elastic fiber fragmentation, and may be affected by proteoglycan deposition. Transport properties of the ascending thoracic aorta are provided and can be used in computational models. The changes in mass transport may contribute to aneurysm progression or be leveraged for aneurysm treatment.
Early and High‐Accuracy Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease: Outcomes of a New Model
Authors: Doumari Sajjad Amiri , Berahmand Kamal , Ebadi M. J.
Published: June 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the significant common neurological disorders of the current age that causes uncontrollable movements like shaking, stiffness, and difficulty. The early clinical diagnosis of this disease is essential for preventing the progression of PD. Hence, an innovative method is proposed here based on combining the crow search algorithm and decision tree (CSADT) for the early PD diagnosis. This approach is used on four crucial Parkinson’s datasets, including meander, spiral, voice, and speech‐Sakar. Using the presented method, PD is effectively diagnosed by evaluating each dataset’s critical features and extracting the primary practical outcomes. The used algorithm was compared with other machine learning algorithms of k‐nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), naive Baye (NB), multilayer perceptron (MLP), decision tree (DT), random tree, logistic regression, support vector machine of radial base functions (SVM of RBFs), and combined classifier in terms of accuracy, recall, and combination measure F1. The analytical results emphasize the used algorithm’s superiority over the other selected ones. The proposed model yields nearly 100% accuracy through various trials on the datasets. Notably, a high detection speed achieved the lowest detection time of 2.6 seconds. The main novelty of this paper is attributed to the accuracy of the presented PD diagnosis method, which is much higher than its counterparts.
Perspectives of Collaborative Governance: Integration of Social and Cognitive Computing with Complex Networks
Authors: Zhou Chuan , Gui Suying , Liu Yan , Ma Junpeng , Wang Hao
Published: June 2023

In the current era, big data play a very important role in various government organizations. Therefore, it is necessary to connect government big data with the national modern governance system since it is a crucial resource, asset, technology, and service support facility for government departments. The government information system requires complex system engineering. The collaborative governance of government data by integrating cognitive computing and complex networks is conducive to eliminating the contradiction and tension between policies and policy subjects. It can reduce the cross and overlap of functions between different departments and form a collaborative mechanism of other governance subjects. The suggested mechanism enhanced the government governance content integrity and system synergy. The modernization of the system is also boosted by governance capacity.
Sums of One Prime Power and Four Prime Cubes in Short Intervals
Authors: Li Gen , Huang Xianjiu , Pan Xiaoming , Yang Li
Published: June 2023

Let

k
⩾
1

be an integer. In this study, we derive an asymptotic formula for the average number of representations of integers

n
=

p

1

k

+

p

2

3

+

p

3

3

+

p

4

3

+

p

5

3

in short intervals, where

p

1

,

p

2

,

p

3

,

p

4

,

p

5

are prime numbers.
Influence of Drilling Parameters on the Delamination and Surface Roughness of Insulative-Coated Glass/Carbon-Hybrid Composite
Authors: Kabir Sarower , Ahmad Faiz , Shahed Chowdhury Ahmed , Gunister Ebru
Published: June 2023

Drilling in synthetic fiber-reinforced polymer composites is facing challenges due to their anisotropic, inhomogeneity, and abrasive machining behavior. The joining of composite parts using fasteners is commonly done by the drilling, and the generated heat is one of the main causes to damage the drilled hole in the composite. Moreover, the quality of drilled hole is crucial for joining parts effectively. The paper presents the design, fabrication, and drilling of a hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer (HFRP) based on insulative coating. These composites were fabricated using vacuum infusion molding (VIM) and coated with different thicknesses to investigate the influence of drilling parameters and associated damages. Cutting speed, feed rate, and coating thicknesses were varied, and a full factorial design of the experiment was formulated. High-speed steel (HSS) twist drill bit was used to drill the coated composite and test samples, and delamination factor and surface roughness were measured. ANOVA and full factorial response optimizer were used to evaluate the influence and optimum drilling parameters. The delamination factor (DF) at the entry and surface roughness were found to decrease with the increasing cutting speed. However, the DF at the exit showed the opposite. Coating thickness influenced the delamination at the entry whereas delamination at the exit has been found insignificant. For drilling HFRP composite with 1 mm coating thickness, 3000 RPM spindle speed and 0.08 mm/rev feed rate were found optimum parameters in minimizing surface roughness and delamination damage. However, 6000 RPM and 0.02 mm/rev were found optimum parameters for drilling HFRP composite with 1.5 mm coating thickness.
Data from The m6A Reader YTHDF2 Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression by Suppressing RIG-I–Mediated Immune Response
Authors: Zhang Lei , Li Yuqing , Zhou Lingli , Zhou Houhong , Ye Liefu , Ou Tong , Hong Huaishan , Zheng Shiwen , Zhou Ziyu , Wu Kang , Yan Zeqin , Thiery Jean Paul , Cui Jun , Wu Song
Published: June 2023

Abstract
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal modification of mammalian mRNAs. Recent studies have shown that m6A methyltransferases METTL3 and METTL14 play important roles in urothelial bladder carcinoma (BLCA). To provide a more comprehensive understanding of the m6A regulatory landscape in bladder cancer, we investigated the role of YTHDF2, a crucial m6A reader, in BLCA. YTHDF2 was frequently upregulated at both the RNA and protein level in BLCA. Functionally, YTHDF2 promoted the proliferation and tumor growth of BLCA cells in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Integrative RNA sequencing and m6A sequencing analyses identified RIG-I as a downstream target of YTHDF2. Mechanistically, YTHDF2 bound to the coding sequence of DDX58 mRNA, which encodes RIG-I, and mediated its degradation in an m6A-dependent manner. Knockdown of RIG-I inhibited apoptosis and promoted the proliferation of BLCA cells. Depleting RIG-I was also able to reverse the effects of YTHDF2 deficiency. YTHDF2-deficient BLCA cells implanted orthotopically in recipient mice activated an innate immune response and promoted recruitment of CD8+ T lymphocytes into the tumor bed and the urothelium. Moreover, YTHDF2 deficiency enhanced the efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy treatment. This study reveals that YTHDF2 acts as an oncogene in BLCA. YTHDF2 inhibits RIG-I to facilitate immune evasion, supporting testing YTHDF2 inhibition in combination with immunotherapy.
Significance:
YTHDF2 regulates RIG-I–mediated innate immune signaling to support bladder cancer progression, highlighting the functional importance of m6A modifications in bladder cancer and uncovering therapeutic opportunities to improve patient outcomes.
Data from A Self-Propagating c-Met–SOX2 Axis Drives Cancer-Derived IgG Signaling That Promotes Lung Cancer Cell Stemness
Authors: Huang Xinmei , Zhang Shenghua , Tang Jingshu , Tian Tian , Pan Yilin , Wu Lina , Zhang Jingxuan , Liu Yang , Huang Jing , Dai Hui , Xu Weiyan , Zhang Youhui , Chen Jinfeng , Cao Mengshu , Zhang Liang , Qiu Xiaoyan
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Elevated IgG expression in cancer cells has been implicated in exacerbated malignancy and poor clinical prognosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that a nonconventional sialylation modification is critical for the function of cancer-derived IgG, indicating the need for a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that control the expression and function of sialylated cancer IgG (SIA-cIgG). Here, we conducted genome-wide CRISPR activation screening and identified OCT4 and SOX2 as the key factors that promote SIA-cIgG expression. Functional investigation revealed that SIA-cIgG reciprocally stimulated SOX2 by activating the c-Met/Akt/Erk signaling axis, constituting a self-propagating loop of SIA-cIgG/c-Met/SOX2/SIA-cIgG signaling. This signaling loop was highly active in stem-like cells from many epithelial cancers and was crucial for cancer stemness in vitro and in vivo. Notably, the mAb RP215, which specifically recognizes the Asn162 sialylation–related epitope on SIA-cIgG, effectively blocked the SIA-cIgG–driven signaling loop. Furthermore, RP215 significantly inhibited lung cancer cell stemness and tumor growth in a patient-derived xenograft model. In conclusion, these findings revealed a self-propagating c-Met/SOX2/SIA-cIgG signaling loop that promotes cancer stemness, identifying novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
Significance:
Sialylated cancer IgG activates c-Met-SOX2 signaling to promote stemness properties in cancer cells and can be targeted to suppress tumor growth.
Data from An in vivo CRISPR screen identifies that SNRPC promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression
Authors: Lu Xun-Xi , Yang Wen-Xiao , Pei Yu-Chen , Luo Hong , Li Xiaoguang , Wang Yun-Jin , Zhang Guo-Liang , Ling Hong , Shao Zhiming , Hu Xin
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Dysregulation of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is one of the characteristics of cancer. Investigating the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of abnormal RBPs can help uncover new cancer biomarkers and treatment strategies. To identify oncogenic RBPs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we employed an in vivo CRISPR screen and a TNBC progression model, which revealed small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide C (SNRPC), a subunit of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle (U1 snRNP), as a key modulator of TNBC progression. SNRPC was frequently upregulated, which corresponded to poor prognosis in TNBC patients. SNRPC ablation significantly impaired the proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. In addition, SNRPC was essential for the stability of U1 snRNP and contributed to the RNA Pol II-controlled transcriptional program. Knockdown of SNRPC decreased RNA Pol II enrichment on a subset of oncogenes (TNFAIP2, E2F2 and CDK4) and reduced their expression levels. Furthermore, SNRPC deletion was confirmed to inhibit TNBC progression partially through regulation of the TNFAIP2-Rac1-β-catenin signaling pathway. Taken together, this data suggests that SNRPC plays an oncogenic role in TNBC, is a marker of poor prognosis, and may be a valuable therapeutic target for patients with intractable TNBC.
Data from Short-wave infrared imaging enables high-contrast fluorescence-guided surgery in neuroblastoma
Authors: Privitera Laura , Waterhouse Dale J. , Preziosi Alessandra , Paraboschi Irene , Ogunlade Olumide , Da Pieve Chiara , Barisa Marta , Ogunbiyi Olumide , Weitsman Gregory , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Cross Kate , Biassoni Lorenzo , Stoyanov Danail , Sebire Neil , Beard Paul , De Coppi Paolo , Kramer-Marek Gabriela , Anderson John , Giuliani Stefano
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Fluorescence-guided surgery is set to play a pivotal role in the intraoperative management of pediatric tumors. Short-wave infrared imaging (SWIR) has advantages over conventional near-infrared I (NIR-I) imaging with reduced tissue scattering and autofluorescence. Here, two NIR-I dyes (IRDye800CW and IR12), with long tails emitting in the SWIR range, were conjugated with a clinical-grade anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody (Dinutuximab-beta) to compare NIR-I and SWIR imaging for neuroblastoma surgery. A first-of-its-kind multispectral NIR-I/SWIR fluorescence imaging device was constructed to allow an objective comparison between the two imaging windows. Conjugates were first characterized in vitro. Tissue-mimicking phantoms, imaging specimens of known geometric and material composition, were used to assess the sensitivity and depth penetration of the NIR-I/SWIR device, showing a minimum detectable volume of ~0.9 mm3 and depth penetration up to 3 mm. In vivo, fluorescence imaging using the NIR-I/SWIR device showed a high tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) for both dyes, with anti-GD2-IR800 being significantly brighter than anti-GD2-IR12. Crucially, the system enabled higher TBR at SWIR wavelengths than at NIR-I wavelengths, verifying SWIR imaging enables high-contrast delineation of tumor margins. This work demonstrates that by combining the high-specificity of anti-GD2 antibodies with the availability and translatability of existing NIR-I dyes, along with the advantages of SWIR in terms of depth and tumor signal-to-background ratio, GD2-targeted NIR-I/SWIR-guided surgery could improve the treatment of neuroblastoma patients, warranting investigation in future clinical trials.