bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Corn Dextrin on the Rheological, Tribological, and Aroma Release Properties of a Reduced-Fat Model of Processed Cheese Spread
Authors: Schädle Christopher N. , Bader-Mittermaier Stephanie , Sanahuja Solange
Published: March 2022

Low-calorie and low-fat foods have been introduced to the market to fight the increasing incidence of overweightness and obesity. New approaches and high-quality fat replacers may overcome the poor organoleptic properties of such products. A model of processed cheese spread (PCS) was produced as a full-fat version and with three levels of fat reduction (30%, 50%, and 70%). Fat was replaced by water or by corn dextrin (CD), a dietary fiber. Additionally, in the 50% reduced-fat spreads, fat was replaced by various ratios of CD and lactose (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100). The effect of each formulation was determined by measuring the textural (firmness, stickiness, and spreadability), rheological (flow behavior and oscillating rheology), tribological, and microstructural (cryo-SEM) properties of the samples, as well as the dynamic aroma release of six aroma compounds typically found in cheese. Winter’s critical gel theory was a good approach to characterizing PCS with less instrumental effort and costs: the gel strength and interaction factors correlated very well with the spreadability and lubrication properties of the spreads. CD and fat exhibited similar interaction capacities with the aroma compounds, resulting in a similar release pattern. Overall, the properties of the sample with 50% fat replaced by CD were most similar to those of the full-fat sample. Thus, CD is a promising fat replacer in PCS and, most likely, in other dairy-based emulsions.
Identification of Antibacterial Sterols from Korean Wild Mushroom Daedaleopsis confragosa via Bioactivity- and LC-MS/MS Profile-Guided Fractionation
Authors: Na Myung Woo , Lee Eunjin , Kang Dong-Min , Jeong Se Yun , Ryoo Rhim , Kim Chul-Young , Ahn Mi-Jeong , Kang Kyo Bin , Kim Ki Hyun
Published: March 2022

As part of an ongoing natural product chemical research for the discovery of bioactive secondary metabolites with novel structures, wild fruiting bodies of Daedaleopsis confragosa were collected and subjected to chemical and biological analyses. We subjected the fractions derived from the methanol extract of the fruiting bodies of D. confragosa to bioactivity-guided fractionation because the methanol extract of D. confragosa showed antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori strain 51, according to our bioactivity screening. The n-hexane and dichloromethane fractions showed moderate to weak antibacterial activity against H. pylori strain 51, and the active fractions were analyzed for the isolation of antibacterial compounds. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis revealed that the n-hexane fraction contains several compounds which are absent in the other fractions, so the fraction was prioritized for further fractionation. Through chemical analysis of the active n-hexane and dichloromethane fractions, we isolated five ergosterol derivatives (1–5), and their chemical structures were determined to be demethylincisterol A3 (1), (20S,22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6β-triol (2), (24S)-ergosta-7-ene-3β,5α,6β-triol (3), 5α,6α-epoxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol (4), and 5α,6α-epoxy-(24R)-ergosta-7-en-3β-ol (5) by NMR spectroscopic analysis. This is the first report on the presence of ergosterol derivatives (1–5) in D. confragosa. Compound 1 showed the most potent anti-H. pylori activity with 33.9% inhibition, rendering it more potent than quercetin, a positive control. Compound 3 showed inhibitory activity comparable to that of quercetin. Distribution analysis of compound 1 revealed a wide presence of compound 1 in the kingdom Fungi. These findings indicate that demethylincisterol A3 (1) is a natural antibiotic that may be used in the development of novel antibiotics against H. pylori.
Cellular Uptake of Gold Nanorods in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: White Bryan E. , White Molly K. , Nima Alsudani Zeid A. , Watanabe Fumiya , Biris Alexandru S. , Ali Nawab
Published: March 2022

Nanosized materials have been proposed for a wide range of biomedical applications, given their unique characteristics. However, how these nanomaterials interact with cells and tissues, as well as how they bio-distribute in organisms, is still under investigation. Differences such as the nanoparticle size, shape, and surface chemistry affect the basic mechanisms of cellular uptake and responses, which, in turn, affects the nanoparticles’ applicability for biomedical applications. Thus, it is vital to determine how a specific nanoparticle interacts with cells of interest before extensive in vivo applications are performed. Here, we delineate the uptake mechanism and localization of gold nanorods in SKBR-3 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Our results show both differences and similarities in the nanorod–cell interactions of the two cell lines. We accurately quantified the cellular uptake of gold nanorods in SKBR-3 and MCF-7 using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We found that both cell types use macropinocytosis to internalize bare nanorods that aggregate and associate with the cell membrane. In addition, we were able to qualitatively track and show intracellular nanoparticle localization using transmission electron microscopy. The results of this study will be invaluable for the successful development of novel and “smart” nanodrugs based on gold nano-structural delivery vehicles, which heavily depend on their complex interactions with single cells.
Effects of Raised Ambient Temperature on the Local and Systemic Adaptions of Maize
Authors: Li Zhaoxia , Zhang Juren
Published: March 2022

Maize is a staple food, feed, and industrial crop. One of the major stresses on maize production is heat stress, which is usually accompanied by other stresses, such as drought or salinity. In this review, we compared the effects of high temperatures on maize production in China. Heat stress disturbs cellular homeostasis and impedes growth and development in plants. Plants have evolved a variety of responses to minimize the damage related to high temperatures. This review summarized the responses in different cell organelles at elevated temperatures, including transcriptional regulation control in the nuclei, unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), photosynthesis in the chloroplast, and other cell activities. Cells coordinate their activities to mediate the collective stresses of unfavorable environments. Accordingly, we evaluated heat stress at the local and systemic levels in in maize. We discussed the physiological and morphological changes in sensing tissues in response to heat stress in maize and the existing knowledge on systemically acquired acclimation in plants. Finally, we discussed the challenges and prospects of promoting corn thermotolerance by breeding and genetic manipulation.
Improvement of Germination and Early Growth of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) through Modulation of Seed Metabolic Processes
Authors: Kanjevac Milica , Jakovljević Dragana , Todorović Marija , Stanković Milan , Ćurčić Svetlana , Bojović Biljana
Published: March 2022

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a vegetable cultivated worldwide because of its large succulent hypocotyls. The priming method initiates metabolic processes at early stages and regulates the metabolic events in seed necessary for germination. This research was conducted to examine the influence of various priming treatments on physiological performance (germination, growth, lipid peroxidation, primary and secondary metabolism) and antioxidant activity of radish seedlings. On the basis of germination and growth characteristics, vigor index, and relative water content in leaves, it was confirmed that priming treatments with 0.01% ascorbic acid (AA) and 1% KNO3 improves the initial stages of radish development. Furthermore, the efficiency of AA as a priming agent was confirmed through the reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) level compared to unprimed seedlings. On the other hand, hormopriming with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) significantly increased the concentration of photosynthetic pigments and total soluble leaf proteins compared to non-primed seedlings. The highest content of total phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, were obtained after hormopriming with 1 mM IAA and halopriming with 1% MgSO4. On the basis of the percentage of inhibition of DPPH radicals, it was confirmed that treatments with IAA and AA can improve the antioxidant activity of radish seedlings. This study provides useful information regarding the possibilities of pregerminative metabolic modulation through the seed priming for the biochemical and physiological improvement of radish, and this topic should be further investigated in order to determine the potential use of AA and IAA as suitable priming agents in radish commercial production.
The African American Church House: A Phenomenological Inquiry of an Afrocentric Sacred Space
Authors: Hunter Christopher
Published: March 2022

The institution of the black church in America is centered around two things: the people and their events. Very little scholarship has been documented about the physical buildings that became homes for the people and host to their events. These early church houses became the first evidence of a constructed material culture for formerly enslaved persons in America. The design and construction of black church houses provided enslaved as well as free persons of color the opportunity to physically create buildings that would become the center of African American life, beginning as early as the late 18th century and reaching to the present. Coupled with this exercise of the creation of architectural placemaking is the defining and application of the term “sacred space”.
Vibration Suppression with Use of Input Shaping Control in Machining
Authors: Kasprowiak Mateusz , Parus Arkadiusz , Hoffmann Marcin
Published: March 2022

This article discusses the problem of vibrations during machining. The manufacturing process of generator turbine blades is highly complex. Machining using Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) requires low cutting parameters in order to avoid vibration problems. However, even under these conditions, the surface quality and accuracy of the manufactured objects suffer from high levels of vibrations. Hence, the aim of this research is to counteract this phenomenon. Basic issues related to vibration problems will also be also discussed and a short review of currently available solutions for both active and passive vibration monitoring during machining will be presented. The authors developed a method which does not require any additional equipment other than modified CNC code. The proposed method can be applied to any CNC machine, and is especially suitable for lathes. The method seeks to eradicate the phenomenon of vibrations by providing enhanced control through Input Shaping Control (ISC). For this purpose, the authors present a method for modeling the machining process and design an ISC filter; the model is then implemented in the Matlab and Simulink environment. The last part of the article presents the results, together with a discussion, and includes a brief summary.
Special Issue “Advanced Signal Processing in Wearable Sensors for Health Monitoring”
Authors: Abbod Maysam , Shieh Jiann-Shing
Published: March 2022

Wearable sensors are becoming very popular recently due to their ease of use and flexibility in recording data from home [...]
Preliminary Classification of Selected Farmland Habitats in Ireland Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Abraham Lizy , Davy Steven , Zawish Muhammad , Mhapsekar Rahul , Finn John A. , Moran Patrick
Published: March 2022

Ireland has a wide variety of farmlands that includes arable fields, grassland, hedgerows, streams, lakes, rivers, and native woodlands. Traditional methods of habitat identification rely on field surveys, which are resource intensive, therefore there is a strong need for digital methods to improve the speed and efficiency of identification and differentiation of farmland habitats. This is challenging because of the large number of subcategories having nearly indistinguishable features within the habitat classes. Heterogeneity among sites within the same habitat class is another problem. Therefore, this research work presents a preliminary technique for accurate farmland classification using stacked ensemble deep convolutional neural networks (DNNs). The proposed approach has been validated on a high-resolution dataset collected using drones. The image samples were manually labelled by the experts in the area before providing them to the DNNs for training purposes. Three pre-trained DNNs customized using the transfer learning approach are used as the base learners. The predicted features derived from the base learners were then used to train a DNN based meta-learner to achieve high classification rates. We analyse the obtained results in terms of convergence rate, confusion matrices, and ROC curves. This is a preliminary work and further research is needed to establish a standard technique.
Dietary Patterns Associated with Diabetes in an Older Population from Southern Italy Using an Unsupervised Learning Approach
Authors: Tatoli Rossella , Lampignano Luisa , Bortone Ilaria , Donghia Rossella , Castellana Fabio , Zupo Roberta , Tirelli Sarah , De Nucci Sara , Sila Annamaria , Natuzzi Annalidia , Lozupone Madia , Griseta Chiara , Sciarra Sabrina , Aresta Simona , De Pergola Giovanni , Sorino Paolo , Lofù Domenico , Panza Francesco , Di Noia Tommaso , Sardone Rodolfo
Published: March 2022

Dietary behaviour is a core element in diabetes self-management. There are no remarkable differences between nutritional guidelines for people with type 2 diabetes and healthy eating recommendations for the general public. This study aimed to evaluate dietary differences between subjects with and without diabetes and to describe any emerging dietary patterns characterizing diabetic subjects. In this cross-sectional study conducted on older adults from Southern Italy, eating habits in the “Diabetic” and “Not Diabetic” groups were assessed with FFQ, and dietary patterns were derived using an unsupervised learning algorithm: principal component analysis. Diabetic subjects (n = 187) were more likely to be male, slightly older, and with a slightly lower level of education than subjects without diabetes. The diet of diabetic subjects reflected a high-frequency intake of dairy products, eggs, vegetables and greens, fresh fruit and nuts, and olive oil. On the other hand, the consumption of sweets and sugary foods was reduced compared to non-diabetics (23.74 ± 35.81 vs. 16.52 ± 22.87; 11.08 ± 21.85 vs. 7.22 ± 15.96). The subjects without diabetes had a higher consumption of red meat, processed meat, ready-to-eat dishes, alcoholic drinks, and lower vegetable consumption. The present study demonstrated that, in areas around the Mediterranean Sea, older subjects with diabetes had a healthier diet than their non-diabetic counterparts.
Tool Condition Monitoring for High-Performance Machining Systems—A Review
Authors: Mohamed Ayman , Hassan Mahmoud , M’Saoubi Rachid , Attia Helmi
Published: March 2022

In the era of the “Industry 4.0” revolution, self-adjusting and unmanned machining systems have gained considerable interest in high-value manufacturing industries to cope with the growing demand for high productivity, standardized part quality, and reduced cost. Tool condition monitoring (TCM) systems pave the way for automated machining through monitoring the state of the cutting tool, including the occurrences of wear, cracks, chipping, and breakage, with the aim of improving the efficiency and economics of the machining process. This article reviews the state-of-the-art TCM system components, namely, means of sensing, data acquisition, signal conditioning and processing, and monitoring models, found in the recent open literature. Special attention is given to analyzing the advantages and limitations of current practices in developing wireless tool-embedded sensor nodes, which enable seamless implementation and Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT) readiness of TCM systems. Additionally, a comprehensive review of the selection of dimensionality reduction techniques is provided due to the lack of clear recommendations and shortcomings of various techniques developed in the literature. Recent attempts for TCM systems’ generalization and enhancement are discussed, along with recommendations for possible future research avenues to improve TCM systems accuracy, reliability, functionality, and integration.
AIM5LA: A Latency-Aware Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Autonomous Intersection Management System for 5G Communication Networks
Authors: Antonio Guillen-Perez , Maria-Dolores Cano
Published: March 2022

The future of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) will experience a breakthrough when collective intelligence is employed through decentralized cooperative systems. A system capable of controlling all AVs crossing urban intersections, considering the state of all vehicles and users, will be able to improve vehicular flow and end accidents. This type of system is known as Autonomous Intersection Management (AIM). AIM has been discussed in different articles, but most of them have not considered the communication latency between the AV and the Intersection Manager (IM). Due to the lack of works studying the impact that the communication network can have on the decentralized control of AVs by AIMs, this paper presents a novel latency-aware deep reinforcement learning-based AIM for the 5G communication network, called AIM5LA. AIM5LA is the first AIM that considers the inherent latency of the 5G communication network to adapt the control of AVs using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (MADRL), thus obtaining a robust and resilient multi-agent control policy. Beyond considering the latency history experienced, AIM5LA predicts future latency behavior to provide enhanced security and improve traffic flow. The results demonstrate huge safety improvements compared to other AIMs, eliminating collisions (on average from 27 to 0). Further, AIM5LA provides comparable results in other metrics, such as travel time and intersection waiting time, while guaranteeing to be collision-free, unlike the other AIMs. Finally, compared to other traffic light-based control systems, AIM5LA can reduce waiting time by more than 99% and time loss by more than 95%.
How Realistic Is Threat Image Projection for X-ray Baggage Screening?
Authors: Riz à Porta Robin , Sterchi Yanik , Schwaninger Adrian
Published: March 2022

At airports, security officers (screeners) inspect X-ray images of passenger baggage in order to prevent threat items (bombs, guns, knives, etc.) from being brought onto an aircraft. Because threat items rarely occur, many airports use a threat-image-projection (TIP) system, which projects pre-recorded X-ray images of threat items onto some of the X-ray baggage images in order to improve the threat detection of screeners. TIP is regulatorily mandated in many countries and is also used to identify officers with insufficient threat-detection performance. However, TIP images sometimes look unrealistic because of artifacts and unrealistic scenarios, which could reduce the efficacy of TIP. Screeners rated a representative sample of TIP images regarding artifacts identified in a pre-study. We also evaluated whether specific image characteristics affect the occurrence rate of artifacts. 24% of the TIP images were rated to display artifacts and 26% to depict unrealistic scenarios, with 34% showing at least one of the two. With two-thirds of the TIP images having been perceived as realistic, we argue that TIP still serves its purpose, but artifacts and unrealistic scenarios should be reduced. Recommendations on how to improve the efficacy of TIP by considering image characteristics are provided.
An Ensemble Learning Model for COVID-19 Detection from Blood Test Samples
Authors: Abayomi-Alli Olusola O. , Damaševičius Robertas , Maskeliūnas Rytis , Misra Sanjay
Published: March 2022

Current research endeavors in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) methods in the diagnosis of the COVID-19 disease has proven indispensable with very promising results. Despite these promising results, there are still limitations in real-time detection of COVID-19 using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test data, such as limited datasets, imbalance classes, a high misclassification rate of models, and the need for specialized research in identifying the best features and thus improving prediction rates. This study aims to investigate and apply the ensemble learning approach to develop prediction models for effective detection of COVID-19 using routine laboratory blood test results. Hence, an ensemble machine learning-based COVID-19 detection system is presented, aiming to aid clinicians to diagnose this virus effectively. The experiment was conducted using custom convolutional neural network (CNN) models as a first-stage classifier and 15 supervised machine learning algorithms as a second-stage classifier: K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine (Linear and RBF), Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, Random Forest, MultiLayer Perceptron, AdaBoost, ExtraTrees, Logistic Regression, Linear and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (LDA/QDA), Passive, Ridge, and Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier. Our findings show that an ensemble learning model based on DNN and ExtraTrees achieved a mean accuracy of 99.28% and area under curve (AUC) of 99.4%, while AdaBoost gave a mean accuracy of 99.28% and AUC of 98.8% on the San Raffaele Hospital dataset, respectively. The comparison of the proposed COVID-19 detection approach with other state-of-the-art approaches using the same dataset shows that the proposed method outperforms several other COVID-19 diagnostics methods.
Investigating Lead Bioavailability in a Former Shooting Range by Soil Microanalyses and Earthworms Tests
Authors: Porfido Carlo , Gattullo Concetta Eliana , Allegretta Ignazio , Fiorentino Nunzio , Terzano Roberto , Fagnano Massimo , Spagnuolo Matteo
Published: March 2022

Shooting ranges are among the major anthropogenic sources of Pb contamination in soils worldwide. Once they have reached the soil, bullet residues can have different fates according to the characteristics of the soil environment, leading to the formation of different Pb weathering products whose stability is crucial for Pb accessibility to soil biota. In this study, Pb availability in a former polluted shooting range was investigated with a combination of conventional soil analyses, X-ray microanalyses and assays with the bio-indicator earthworm Eisenia andrei. Chemical extractions evidenced a rather low mobility of soil Pb, while micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (µXRF) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with microanalysis (SEM-EDX) showed the formation of a weathering crust around Pb-containing bullet slivers dispersed within the soil. Such crusts consisted of a mixture of orthophosphates, including the highly insoluble Cl-pyromorphite. Furthermore, no acute toxicity effects and low Pb concentration values were measured in earthworm tissues (94.9 mg kg−1) and coelom fluids (794 µg L−1) after 28 days of exposure to the polluted soil. These results allow us to assume that most of the Pb in the shooting range soil underwent stabilization processes promoted by phosphatic fertilization. The soil was in fact used for agriculture after being dismissed for firing activities. Such a combined approach can be applied to study Pb bioavailability in other shooting ranges or, more generally, in soils heavily polluted with Pb.
Purification of Micro-Polluted Lake Water by Biofortification of Vertical Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands in Low-Temperature Season
Authors: Gao Jingqing , Li Qiang , Zhang Jingshen , Wang Shilong , Song Bozhen , Huang Zhenzhen
Published: March 2022

In this study, a novel lab-scale biofortification-combination system (BCS) of Oenanthe javanica and Bacillus series was developed to improve the treatment ability of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (VSFCW) at low temperatures (0–10 °C). The results showed that BCS-VSFCW overcame the adverse effects of low temperature and achieved the deep removal of nutrients. In addition, the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) by BCS-VSFCW were 38.65%, 28.20%, 18.82%, and 14.57% higher than those of blank control, respectively. During the experiment, Oenanthe javanica and low temperature tolerant Bacillus complemented each other in terms of microbial activity and plant uptake. Therefore, VSFCW combined with Oenanthe javanica and low temperature tolerant Bacillus has a promising future in low temperature (<10 °C) areas of northern China.
Features of oral microbiota composition in patients with oral mucosal disease associated with classical and mediated acid-related gastrointestinal disorders
Authors: Usmanova I. N. , Galimova I. A. , Khusnarizanova R. F. , Ishmukhametova A. N. , Lakman I. A. , Al Mohamed M. A.
Published: March 2022

Relevance. The authors established that classical and mediated acid-related gastrointestinal disorders affect the change in microbiota and the development of mucosal disease.Purpose. The study aimed to investigate the characteristics of oral microbiota in patients with mucosal disease associated with classical and mediated acid-related gastrointestinal disorders.Materials and methods. The study included 58 patients with the oral mucosal disease associated with chronic gastritis and duodenitis, pancreatitis secondary to gallstones associated with stomach hypersecretion. The comparison group consisted of 25 subjects without oral mucosal disease, with previously diagnosed acid-related gastrointestinal disorders and eradicated Helicobacter pylori as of the clinical examination time.Results. The study detected a pH shift towards the acidic end of the scale in the oral fluid samples of subjects with oral aphthous ulcers compared to the group without oral mucosal disease (comparison group) (p < 0.001). The composition ratio of the studied microbiota from the surface of the oral aphthous ulcers in the main groups showed an increase in the number of Candida spp. by 1.7 and 3.2 times (p > 0.2), Enterobacteriaceae spp. – 1.7 and 2.6 times, (p > 0.2), Actinobacillus spp. – 1.4 and 2.0 times (p > 0.2), Staphylococcus spp. – 1.3 and 1.5 times (p > 0.2), Enterococcus spp. – 2.6 and 3.5 times (p > 0.2), and a decrease in Neisseria spp. by 1.9 and 3.1 times (p > 0.2). The studied microbiota of main group II (PSG associated with SH) demonstrated a significant increase in the above species, p < 0.05, and a significant decrease in Neisseria spp., at p<0.05.Conclusion. The studied aphthous ulcer surface microbiota, obtained from subjects with pancreatitis secondary to gallstones associated with stomach hypersecretion, revealed a significant overrepresentation of Gram +, Gram– facultatively anaerobic and opportunistic microorganisms contributing to the aggravation of the oral mucosal disease clinical features.
Peculiarities of the mental state of student youth of Ukraine during quarantine restrictions
Authors: Asieieva Yuliia , Sytnik Svitlana , Babchuk Olena , Heina Oksana , Dementieva Kapitalina
Published: March 2022

The work was intended to generalize both world statistics and our own experimental study aimed at detecting changes in mental states during the introduction of quarantine restrictions caused by the prevalence of COVID-19. During quarantine restrictions we observed a high level of anxiety in almost 45% of young respondents, severe and extreme depression from 2% to 7% of respondents, and moderate from 40% to 50% of respondents. Impressive are also rates of explicit suicidal ideation – 10-13%. Thus, the situation with the mental state of the younger generation requires the intervention of specialists, the development of programs that allow them to provide timely assistance under quarantine restrictions and maintain a normal psychological state of young people. Identifying the peculiarities of mental states of young people provides an opportunity to develop programs of both prevention of suicidal ideation and support for people who are experiencing uncontrolled anxiety or are depressed. It should be noted that quarantine restrictions require special approaches to the provision and implementation of such programs, meaning their transference from real life to cyberspace. Given that programs quality should not suffer, assistance should be provided by expert professionals at a high level.
The phenomenon of connotation in the comparative aspect (on the material of English and Ukrainian languages): problems of modern research
Authors: Talko Svitlana , Minchak Halyna , Hmyria Liudmyla
Published: March 2022

Given that connotative components cause the appearance of new lexical-semantic variants in the token's semantic field and create opportunities for metaphorical, metonymic, ironic nomination, it is essential to analyze the phenomenon of conotema, which is present in phraseological and paremiological units of language, slang, and occasionalisms. The work aims to study the phenomenon of connotation in a comparative aspect, through the prism of English and Ukrainian languages, as well as to identify key issues of modern research of this phenomenon. The object of research is the connotation in the comparative aspect. The following methods were used during the research: analysis and synthesis, observation, method of definitive analysis, method of linguistic description of linguistic facts, comparative method. As a result of the research, the phenomenon of connotation in the comparative aspect is analyzed, based on the materials of the Ukrainian and English languages, and also the problematic aspects of the interlanguage comparison are singled out. It was also noted that it is crucial to promote a more in-depth study of connotations in psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, ethnopsychology, linguoculturology, as this approach provides an opportunity to improve the methodology of research of connotations in the lexicological field.
Imposition of disciplinary actions against the employees of Pre-trial detention centres (Germany, Poland, Ukraine)
Authors: Denysenko Kateryna V. , Lytvynenko Valentyna M. , Korostashivets Iryna M. , Dudchenko Oksana S. , Maslova Lyudmyla A.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is the comprehensive analysis of imposition of disciplinary actions against employees of pre-trial detention centres using the example of Germany, Poland and Ukraine. The study used the method of sociological analysis, systemic-structural approach and comparative, logical-semantic, Aristotelian and dialectical methods of research. The research has proven the necessity to complement the laws and regulations in Poland and to differentiate the practice of imposition of disciplinary actions against employees of pre-trial detention centres from the generic practice in Germany and Ukraine. In addition, in Ukraine there is a need to designate a body that could be responsible for analysing the practice of imposition of disciplinary actions against employees of pre-trial detention centres. Further compliance with these recommendations will reveal how effective the legislative control is and how effective the work of employees of pre-trial detention centres is in relation to the application of disciplinary actions against employees of pre-trial detention centres and will allow to improve their work through the analysis of statistics on the application of disciplinary actions against employees of pre-trial detention centres.
Relationship between Dyslexia and the Academic Performance: Mediating Role of Teacher’s Awareness
Authors: Kundi Ghulam Muhammad , Alharbi Mohammad Faleh
Published: March 2022

The academic performance of dyslexic students’ needs a lot of attention both from teachers as well as parents. Teachers must be well trained and have the expertise to carefully manage the class of dyslexic students. For this purpose, identifying dyslexic students, classroom management teacher-parent participation and awareness could play an important role in enhancing the academic performance of dyslexic students. The current study aims to investigate the indirect effects of awareness on the relationship between identifying dyslexic students, classroom management teacher-parent participation, and academic performance of students. Nonprobability convenience sampling was used. 372 participants participated in the survey. AMOS-SEM was used for data analysis. Measurement and structural models were developed. It was found that all the scales were found reliable and valid. Moreover, all the direct and indirect relationships were also found positive and significant. Awareness and teacher-parent participation were found most dominant factors on basis of beta values.
Determining impact of digitalization on the potential-forming space of regions in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Khadzhynov Illya , Kovalska Lesia , Taranych Andrii , Boyko Antonina , Samiilenko Halyna
Published: March 2022

The economic essence of digitalization of economic systems is investigated in the article. The challenges of digitalization of the economy of the regions include: the need for consistency of the dynamics of digitalization with economic and legal principles and institutional transformations; digital infrastructure development; intellectualization and digital literacy of the population; access to information and communication innovations. Guidelines for digitalization of the economy of the regions allow to ensure the following results: acceleration of economic business processes and innovative development; increasing the openness and accessibility of knowledge, information, communications; reduction of time and cost in production processes, sales and product promotion; formation of information databases for managing large data sets and accelerating the exchange of information; transformation of economic relations and adaptability to the demands of society. The implementation of the described goals and projects of digitalization of the regions requires the activation of economic potential, as well as the transformation of the institutional environment of the region. Economic factors and tendencies of digital activity of the population of the region are described. Promising areas have been identified to further stimulate the implementation of programs and projects to digitize regions and increase their investment attractiveness to attract financial support.
Light Verb Constructions as Means of Expressing Semelfactive/Multiplicative Meanings in J.K. Rowling’s Discourse (on the basis of novels ‘Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone’ and ‘Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets’)
Authors: Tron Andrii , Derevianko Oksana , Zhumbei Marianna , Shpilchak Liubov
Published: March 2022

The article discusses the problem of light verb constructions in contemporary English on the basis of novels ‘Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone’ and ‘Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets’ by J.K. Rowling. We (the authors) state that most of light verb constructions denote either semelfactive or multiplicative meanings within the framework of Smith’s (1997) theory of aspect in which five situation types, namely states, activities, achievements, accomplishments, and semelfactives are distinguished. The aspectual meaning of a light verb construction is concentrated in its nominal component which can be proved by the existence of for, with-phrases like for a better look, where the verbal component is omitted. The singular of the deverbal noun indicates a semelfactive meaning, whereas the plural form expresses a multiplicative one. The verbal component in such constructions may be represented by ‘light’ verbs such as take, have, make, do, give or ‘heavy’ verbs like cast, draw, shoot etc. The qualitative characteristics of light verb constructions can be intensified by prepositive and postpositive modifiers such as quick, short, sharp etc. On the basis of novels ‘Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone’ and ‘Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets’ by J.K. Rowling 97 and 115 light verb constructions have been singled out and analyzed respectively. The results of the research contribute to the study of verbal plurality in English.
Future teachers’ training to application of cognitive barriers in professional activities during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Glazkova Iryna , Khatuntseva Svitlana , Vaseiko Yuliia , Shymanovych Iryna , Yaroshchuk Liliia
Published: March 2022

New challenges for the education system have appeared due to the COVID-19 pandemic that’s why it is crucial to improve teachers’ training. There are instances that prevent the entire manifestation of the character, his/her self-achievement, self-expression and self-agency. Such instances are barriers that accompany the educational procedure. The aim of the research is to give theoretical substantiation and offer the pedagogical technology, which provides future teachers’ training to application of cognitive barriers in their professional activities in terms of the pandemic caused by Covid-19. The main hypothesis of the research is the idea that specially organized future teachers’ training focusing on the formation of their competence in application of cognitive barriers is the basis of their successful professional activities. The research methodology is built on the dialectical unity of such methods: comparative historical method, genetic method, competence-based method, systemic method, synergetic method. The proposed technology is built on the general didactic and specific principles and is accomplished via motivational, procedural, stage of obtaining of experience, analytical and reflexive stages involving appropriate strategies and tactics. It provides the result in formation of future teachers’ competence in application of cognitive barriers in professional activities.
Criminal liability for obstructing the legal activity of a defense counsel in court proceedings
Authors: Akimov Mykhailo O. , Ostafiichuk Liudmyla A. , Goncharuk Olga V. , Shulha Andriy O. , Tretiakov Dmytro A.
Published: March 2022

A fair trial is guaranteed by the efficient work of a lawyer aimed at protecting the client accused of committing an offense and the state protection of advocacy. The purpose of the study was to determine the criminal law protection aimed at ensuring the safeguarding the defense counsel’s activity in court proceedings considered in the context of international standards. Empirical and theoretical methods of research, as well as the method of comparative analysis were used for a comprehensive consideration of the subject. The grounds for criminal liability for obstructing the legal activity of the defense counsel in court proceedings are elaborated. Criminal liability for a crime against justice may take the form of a fine, corrective labor, imprisonment or suspension from office. The protection of the lawyers’ rights and international guarantees of safe advocacy involves the adoption of measures at the state level that will enable lawyers to perform their professional duties without intimidation, pressure, obstruction and interference, as well as measures to eliminate the administrative, economic or other sanctions. Further research will address the advocacy security to determine and substantiate the effective means of its criminal protection.
Common Features of Selection Processes of Health System Performance Indicators in Primary Healthcare: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rendell Nicole , Rosewell Alexander , Lokuge Kamalini , Field Emma
Published: March 2022

Background: Health system performance indicators are widely used to assess primary healthcare (PHC) performance. Despite the numerous tools and some convergence on indicator criteria, there is not a clear understanding of the common features of indicator selection processes. We aimed to review the literature to identify papers that document indicator selection processes for health system performance indicators in PHC. Methods: We searched the online databases Scopus, Medline, and CINAHL, as well as the grey literature, without time restrictions, initially on July 31, 2019 followed by an update November 13, 2020. Empirical studies or reports were included if they described the selection of health system performance indicators or frameworks, that included PHC indicators. A combination of the process focussed research question and qualitative analysis meant a quality appraisal tool or assessment of bias could not meaningfully be applied to assess individual studies. We undertook an inductive analysis based on potential indicator selection processes criteria, drawn from health system performance indicator appraisal tools reported in the literature. Results: We identified 16 503 records of which 28 were included in the review. Most studies used a descriptive case study design. We found no consistent variations between indicator selection processes of health systems of high income and low- or lower-middle income countries. Identified common features of selection processes for indicators in PHC include literature review or adaption of an existing framework as an initial step; a consensus building process with stakeholders; structuring indicators into categories; and indicator criteria focusing on validity and feasibility. The evidence around field testing with utility and consideration of reporting burden was less clear. Conclusion: Our findings highlight several characteristics of health system indicator selection processes. These features provide the groundwork to better understand how to value indicator selection processes in PHC.
Treat and Restore Compromised Sockets Immediately with the Novel Vestibular Socket Therapy : A Revolution in Immediate Implant Placement
Authors: Dhande Dr. Sharayu , Elaskary Dr.  Abdelsalem , Muglikar Dr.  Sangeeta , Sheikh Dr.  Salika , Hegde Dr.  Rashmi , Kale Dr.  Rahul , Jabade Dr.  Bhagyashree , Sayyed Dr.  Salman
Published: March 2022

Immediate implant placement is now-a-days one of the promising modalities for replacing missing teeth as it helps restore form and function for a patient within a short period of time. However, presence of active infection within such freshly extracted sockets could jeopardize the success of aforesaid therapy. Although, a variety of techniques have been studied till date, there still remains a need for a treatment modality that could restore freshly extracted infected sockets with inadequate hardtissues. Since presence of adequate hard and soft tissues surrounding an implant is essential for prognosis of dental implant. A novel treatment modality named as Vestibular Socket Therapy (VST) has gained popularity to conventional two-staged approach forrestoring infected sockets. VST could be considered as an effective alternative to placement of dental implants within inadequate hard and soft tissues along with infected freshly extracted sockets.
El control abstracto de constitucionalidad en los referéndums y consultas populares
Authors: Espinoza-Mendoza Alianny Madelyne , Ronquillo-Riera Orlando Iván , Andrade-Olvera Gitta Antonella
Published: March 2022

El control abstracto de constitucionalidad en los referéndums y consultas populares
Desigualdad laboral como forma de violencia contra las mujeres en el Ecuador
Authors: Moreira-Intriago María Dolores , Cajas-Párraga Cinthia Mariela , Moreno-Arvelo Pamilys Milagros
Published: March 2022

Desigualdad laboral como forma de violencia contra las mujeres en el Ecuador
El ejercicio de la participación ciudadana por los ciudadanos electos para un cargo público
Authors: Hurtado-Lores Camilo
Published: March 2022

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente el ejercicio de la participación ciudadana por los ciudadanos electos para un cargo público. La misma se apoyó en una metodología cuantitativa, la cual originó datos descriptivos de la recolección de datos. Apoyada en la investigación documental-bibliográfica, lo que permitió la producción de información detallada sobre el tema investigado. La utilización de este método hizo viable que se analizaran doctrinas, cuerpos normativos, documentos jurídicos, bibliografías, tesis, lo cual luego del análisis respectivo, permitió que se generaran criterios y aportes para un mejor desarrollo del estudio jurídico. Se concluye que la participación ciudadana es el poder o medio democrático que tienen los ciudadanos de un país de tomar parte, opinar e incidir en la formulación y en la gestión de los asuntos públicos, así como el poder de controlar a los gobernantes en su ejercicio. Es indispensable impulsar el proceso de descentralización.
PENINGKATAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PADA PENDERITA PENYAKIT DEGENERATIF MELALUI KARMINO
Authors: Oktianti Dian , Sunnah Istianatus , Dianingati Ragil Setia
Published: March 2022

Dewasa ini prosentase usia produktif yang menderita penyakit kronis cukup tinggi. Beberapa penyakit sering dijumpai antara lain Diabetes Mellitus, hipertensi dan hiperkolesterolemia. Hal ini terjadinya perubahan gaya hidup yang tidak baik. Akibat kurangnya pemahaman terhadap penatalaksanaan ketiga penyakit tersebut, sering menimbulkan keparahan seperti stroke yang dialami oleh usia produktif. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat di Desa Lerep bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sejauhmana pemahaman masyarakat terhadap penyakit degeneratif terutama Diabetes mellitus, hipertensi dan hiperkolesterolemia dan aplikasi KARMINO (Kartu Minum Obat). Metode yang digunakan adalah menggunakan pretes dan postes sesuai dengan materi yang diberikan kemudian dievaluasi prosentase peserta yang memahami materi tersebut dengan membandingkan antara sebelum dan sesudah penyampaian materi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman terhadap materi diabetes mellitus sebesar 33,6 %, materi hipertensi sebesar 60,4 % dan hiperkolesterolemia 42,8% sedangkan lebih dari 80 % peserta memahami tentang ketiga materi tersebut dan aplikasi KARMINO. Kata Kunci : penyakit degenaratif, hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, hiperkolesterolemia, Karmino
PEMBINAAN KESEHATAN MENTAL DI ERA DIGITAL UNTUK REMAJA “STOP BULLYING, BIJAKLAH DALAM BERSOSIAL MEDIA”
Authors: Sunnah Istianatus , Ariesti Niken Dyah , Yuswantina Richa
Published: March 2022

Dewasa ini banyak kenakalan remaja yang terjadi, berupa geng motor, penggunaan narkoba, maupun pembullian yang dipicu akibat unggahan di media sosial. Akibatnya, antar grup maupun anggota grup saling ejek, saling mem-bully, yang menyebabkan emosi dari para remaja tersebut memuncak. Akibat luapan emosi tersebut, maka saling membuat rencana dan berupaya untuk mengunggulkan jati diri mereka. Remaja merupakan usia transisi dari anak-anak menuju ke dewasa,dengan batasan usia dari 10-20 tahun. Pada masa peralihan ini, umumnya memiliki ciri mengalami kegelisahan dalam hidupnya,munculnya pertentangan dengan orang tua, keinginan untuk mencoba hal baru, berkhayal dan berfantasi tentang prestasi dan kariernya. Kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui pembinaan kesehatan mental sebagai sasaran adalah siswa SMA di Kabupaten Semarang. Pembinaan dilakukan dengan memberikan materi dan evaluasi berupa pretes dan postes kepada sejumlah 33 siswa. Hasil evaluasi berupa nilai pemahaman yang akan mejadi dasar untuk menentukan kategori pemahaman siswa yang terdiri dari cukup, baik dan sangat baik. Prosentase siswa yang memiliki kategori pemahaman tersebut dihitung untuk menentukan tingkat keberhasilan penyampaian materi. Hasil evaluasi yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa, terdapat peningkatan pemahaman kepada siswa setelah diberikan edukasi tentang kesehatan mental, Undang-Undang ITE dan konten positif media sosial. Pemahaman siswa tentang semua materi kategori sangat baik karena nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh di atas 90. Prosentase siswa yang memiliki pemahaman sangat baik meningkat menjadi 64% dan baik menjadi 36%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya edukasi kepada siswa, membantu meningkatkan pemahaman terhadap cyber bullying, UU ITE dan unggahan konten positif di sosial media.                                                                                                                                                    Kata Kunci : Kesehatan mental, cyber bullying, bijak bermedia sosial