bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of Allopurinol on levels of cardiac troponin Following Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Khiali Sajad , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Mashayekhi Sina , Mohamadrezapour Elham , Dousti Samaneh , Entezari-Maleki Taher
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Given the potential anti-ischemic effects of allopurinol, we aimed to assess whether allopurinol administration may reduce myocardial injury following non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Methods: A randomized clinical trial (RCT) was conducted on 100 individuals with NSTEMI. The intervention group (n=50) received 600 mg oral allopurinol at the time of diagnosis of NSTEMI, followed by 300 mg every day for two next days and the standard treatment of NSTEMI, while the control group (n=50) received only the standard treatment. Serum concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were measured at baseline, and 8, 16, 24, and 32 hours after the treatment. Results: The baseline demographic and clinical data of the patients were not statistically different between the intervention and control groups (all P > 0.05). The comparing estimated marginal mean ± standard error for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels revealed no significant difference between the study groups (2.93 ± .27, 2.25 ± .27; P=0.082). The linear mixed model results showed that the interaction of time and group was not statistically different (P=0.751). Moreover, there was a decreasing trend over time for cTnI in both groups (P=0.039). Conclusion: The present pilot RCT did not support the potential cardio-protective benefits of allopurinol administration on decreasing myocardial injury following NSTEMI.
The Antioxidant Effects of Calligonum Extract on Oxidative Stress in Spermatogonial Stem Cells Culture
Authors: Barati Shirin , Movahedin Mansoureh
Published: September 2021

Background: Spermatogenesis is a programmed route of germ cell proliferation and differentiation that could produce abundant numbers of spermatozoa. The antioxidants play a vital role in decreasing ROS production in cells, therefore plants extract administration with antioxidant property can prevent of cell damage. In the present study, antioxidant effects of Calligonum extract on proliferation and colonization rate of spermatogonial cells was assessed. Materials and Methods: After isolation and culture of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) from neonatal mice (4-5 day old) and identification by PLZF and Oct4 markers, the therapeutic effect of Calligonum comosum extract was measured on the cells treated with H2O2. Induced oxidative stress cells were treated with 10 μg/ml extract for 3 weeks. ROS levels were assessed by flow cytometry, proliferation by cell count and TAC by FRAP assay. Also, the apoptosis rate was measured with P53 and Bax genes by real time PCR method. Results: After three weeks of treatment, the Calligonum group showed significantly lower ROS level relative to the H2O2 group. Antioxidants levels were in Calligonum group significantly higher than the H2O2 group (P≤0.05). There was a strong inverse relationship between the two groups. Proliferation and colonization rate were in Calligonum + H2O2 group significantly higher than H2O2 group alone (P≤0.05). Finally, the results of the study indicated that P53 and Bax expression decreased in Calligonum + H2O2 group compared to H2O2 group. Conclusion: The results of present study expressed that Calligonum as a plant with antioxidant effect could reduce the level ofROS, and increase proliferation and colonization rate and TAC. In other hand, 30 μM doses of H2O2increased oxidative stress and apoptosiswhile decreased proliferation of SSCs.
Concanavalin-A shows synergistic cytotoxicity with tamoxifen via inducing apoptosis in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: In vitro and molecular docking studies
Authors: Elshal Mohamed , Eid Norhan , El-Sayed Ibrahim , El-Sayed Wael , Al-Karmalawy Ahmed Ali
Published: September 2021

Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) is the main treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, however; its adverse effects and development of resistance hinder its use. Concanavalin A (Con A) is a mannose/glucose-binding lectin that has been reported to induce apoptosis in a variety of cell lines. Methods: Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the effects of Con A on TAM-induced cell death in ERα positive cell line (MCF-7) and to identify the potential underlying molecular mechanisms using in silico and in vitro techniques. Results: Our results demonstrated that combined treatment with Con A and TAM reduced the expression of ERα, which showed clear synergistic effects on inhibiting the cell viability of MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, the combined treatment induces G1 phase arrest and reduces cyclin D1 activity while increasing apoptosis and autophagy as indicated by decreasing the expression level of anti-apoptosis gene BCl-2 and increased apoptosis/autophagic gene BNIP3. Molecular docking was conducted to evaluate the binding affinity of Con A towards ERα, and it revealed its potential activity as an ERα antagonist. Our data further indicated that Con A administration increased the drug reduction index of TAM. Conclusion: Overall, our findings suggested that Con A could be used as an adjuvant agent with TAM to improve its effectiveness as an anticancer agent while minimizing its side effects.
A new possible indication of direct-acting anti-hepatitis C drugs in the therapeutic management of COVID-19: A narrative literature review
Authors: Mashhadi Hemmatabadi Alireza , Jafari Fatemeh , Hosseinjani Hesamoddin
Published: September 2021

COVID-19 is the latest human crisis to hit most parts of the world since its emergence in China. High prevalence, rapid transmission, and high mortality rates make it necessary to find an effective therapy immediately. Repurposing the available drugs with well-known side effects is proven to be a viable and efficient way to treat this disease. The study purposed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of direct-acting anti-hepatitis C drugs in COVID-19 by reviewing the articles in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Embase databases. Some studies mentioned a high similarity between the hepatitis C virus and coronavirus in genome structure and molecular properties. Accordingly, anti-HCV drugs can have a good preventive effect on the actions of SARS-CoV-2 structural and nonstructural proteins. Molecular docking results have shown that anti-hepatitis C drugs such as sofosbuvir, daclatasvir, simeprevir, and elbasvir tend to form various stable bonds with the active sites of essential SARS-CoV-2 proteins. So these drugs can disrupt viral replication and its pathogenesis. Among anti-HCV drugs, sofosbuvir and daclatasvir work efficiently in molecular and human studies. In some human studies, the addition of sofosbuvir/daclatasvir to the therapy of COVID-19 resulted in a shorter duration of hospitalization and higher recovery rates. However, the confirmation of these medications needs more detailed clinical studies in large patient populations.
Mechanistic Insight on Ras Inhibition Strategies in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Pashapour-Anousheh Jeiran , Barzegar Abolfazl , Hejazi Mohammad Saeid , Hasheminejad Nikoo , Heidari Hamid Reza , Mehdizadeh Aghdam Elnaz
Published: September 2021

Ras proteins are considered as one of the most critical cancer initiators. Mutations of this protein family lead to the continuous activation of the proliferation pathways. Therefore, many efforts have been taken to design the anti-mutant Ras drug candidates. Regardless of the development of promising inhibitors of Ras G12C mutant in a specific cancer type, there is no approved inhibitor of Ras mutants in the clinic. One of the significant limitations is to inhibit particular mutants and not to affect the wild-type Ras variants. Here we present a review on the mechanism of action of the Ras proteins to get a better insight into the strategies utilized to inhibit Ras-mutated cancers. The direct Ras inhibition strategies are then highlighted to obtain a better perspective of possible promising approaches to target Ras proteins in cancer therapy.
Trado-Medical uses, Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Newbouldia laevis (Bignoniaceae): A Review
Authors: Okagu Innocent U , Ndefo Joseph C , Agbo Matthias Onyebuchi
Published: September 2021

Newbouldia laevis (P. Beauv.) Seem. (Family, Bignoniaceae), commonly known as tree of life, is a purple-flowering plant that is widely distributed in many parts of Africa. Different parts of the plant, including the leaves, flower, stems and roots are prevalently used in African traditional medicine for the management of many diseases and conditions like diabetes, hypertension, skin diseases, ulcer, tumors, pains, infectious diseases, inflammation, dysentery, sickle cell disease and impotency. This review discusses the trado-medical uses, chemical constituents, and biological activities of N. laevis. Based on information generated from scientific investigations deposited in PubMed and SCOPUS, the chemical constituents of the plant include glycosides, anthraquinolones, volatile oils, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and sterols. Extracts different parts of the plant and compounds isolated from them have been reported to have several health-promoting potentials such as antioxidant, antimalarial, trypanocidal, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-arthritic, anti-thrombotic, cytoprotective, anti-hypertensive, central nervous system modulatory, male reproduction enhancing and oxytocic properties. These scientific investigations have led credence to the ethnobotanical uses of the plant in folkloric practice. In addition, the presence of phytochemical constituents in the plant might be responsible for the wide biological potentials.
Development of Imaging and Liquid Biomarker Analysis for Breast Cancer Screening: A Review
Authors: Surendra Atmedi , Rostinawati Tina , Amalia Riezki
Published: September 2021

Breast cancer screening tests could reduce the mortality rates for breast cancer patients. Screening and detection are the keystone of cancer prevention and may significantly minimize the death rates in breast cancer patients for long-term. In this review, we would like to present a comprehensive summary from recent publications of the current development for breast cancer screening, classification of breast cancer based on pathological diagnosis, as well as development of breast cancer detection. The sources of the articles were collected from research published in the PubMed, NCBI databases and manual searches without time restriction based on review of the title, abstract and full review of the articles, using the keywords "breast cancer", "diagnostic", "screening", "imaging", "biomarker" and the combination of these terms. The criteria excluded in selecting references were articles that are not written in English, newspapers, and posters. Of the 146 articles that were selected, there were 103 articles included. Breast cancer screening consists of imaging and pathological assessment such as invasive biopsies of tumor tissue and measurement of biomarkers. The recent development of breast cancer screening utilizing different models and methods like biomarkers were being reviewed. For imaging methods, there are mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis (3D mammography), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography. For pathological assessment, there are primary biomarker analysis for breast cancer (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2, KI67 index) and liquid biomarker analysis from blood or saliva samples. Additionally, there are some diagnostic kit models for breast cancer screening that were in use such as NanoString nCounter®, MammaTyper®, CellSearch System™, and AdnaTest BreastCancer™. Each of these methods has its own limitations. Therefore, the development of breast cancer models should be more sensitive, reliable, approachable and less harmful.
Solubility, correlation, dissolution thermodynamics and preferential solvation of meloxicam in aqueous mixtures of 2-propanol
Authors: Tinjacá Darío A , Martinez Fleming , Almanza Ovidio A , Jouyban Abolghasem , Acree William E
Published: September 2021

Background: Meloxicam is a powerful analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug widely prescribed by physicians in current therapeutics. Because of the very low aqueous equilibrium solubility of meloxicam, this property has been studied in {2-propanol + water} mixtures from (293.15 to 313.15) K to expand the solubility database about pharmaceutical compounds in mixed solvents useful for homogeneous liquid dosage forms design. Methods: Flask shaken method and UV-vis spectrophotometry were used for meloxicam solubility determinations. Jouyban-Acree model was challenged for solubility correlation. The van’t Hoff and Gibbs equations were employed here to calculate the respective apparent standard thermodynamic quantities for the dissolution and mixing processes, namely Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy. In addition, the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integrals were employed to compute the preferential solvation parameters of meloxicam by 2-propanol in the mixtures. Results: Meloxicam solubility increases with temperature arising and maximum solubilities are observed in the mixture of x1 = 0.70 at all temperatures. Jouyban-Acree model correlates the meloxicam solubility very well. Dissolution processes were endothermic in all cases and entropy-driven in the interval 0.20 ≤ x1 ≤ 1.00. Non-linear enthalpy–entropy relationship was observed in the plot of enthalpy vs. Gibbs energy exhibiting negative but variant slopes in the composition region 0.00 < x1 < 0.40 and variant negative and positive slopes in the other mixtures. Meloxicam is preferentially solvated by water in water-rich mixtures, it is apparently solvated by water in 2-propanol-rich mixtures, but it is preferentially solvated by 2-propanol in the composition interval of 0.19 < x1 < 0.78. Conclusion: Solid-liquid equilibrium of meloxicam in {2-propanol + water} mixtures has been studied at several temperatures as a contribution to preformulation studies of homogeneous liquid pharmaceutical dosage forms based on this drug.
Encapsulating, a feasible and promising approach to combat vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Esmaeili Mina , Yekta Reza , Abedi Abdol-Samad , Ghanati Kiandokht , Zamani Derav Robabe , Houshyarrad Anahita , Saberi Dehkordi Zeinab , Ajami Marjan , Mahmoudzadeh Maryam
Published: September 2021

Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is a significant issue affecting a large population around the world. As its natural sources are limited, people must constantly fortify their VD. Encapsulating VD increases its bioavailability and stability during processing and storage; hence it has promising potential to avoid VD deficiency. This study reviews current methods of VD fortification and encapsulation. Two predominant methods of VD fortification, i.e., biofortification and direct fortification, are advantageous over VD supplementation. However, significant VD losses occur during processing, storage, and passing across the stomach which can be minimized through encapsulation methods, i.e., micro and nanoencapsulation. Moreover, the capsule features like size, wall-to-core ratio, wall material, carrier oil composition, and encapsulation technique significantly affect VD bioavailability. To assess the optimum encapsulation procedures and possible risks in food fortification, comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies must be conducted. Depending on the staple food products of a specific region, both VD fortification strategies have great potential in different countries. Besides, the risk of VD overdose due to fortifying a single staple food product is higher than fortifying various staple food products.
Metronidazole induced anaphylactic shock: a case report
Authors: Panahishokouh Mahsa , Alizadeh Nafiseh Sadat , Dianatkhah Mehrnoush , Borran Mina , Behnoush Behnam
Published: September 2021

Metronidazole induced anaphylactic shock is an extremely rare drug reaction. We reported a 39-year-old man with severe anaphylactic shock caused by Metronidazole. He denied history of food or drugs allergy. Severe cardiovascular collapse suddenly occurred after receiving intravenous Metronidazole. The patient was successfully managed as a case of anaphylactic shock and finally discharge.
Factors affecting academic failure in medical students in Iran
Authors: Tajabadi Zohreh , Miri Matineh Sadat , Ahmadi Soliman , Pourrahimi Matineh , Abdi Mojtaba , Jalilvand Hadi , Helichi Mohammad , Pirzade Moghaddam Nadia , Alinejade Nafise , Hazbenejad Alireza
Published: September 2021

Background: Students are considered part of the capital of each country. Several factors can affect their educational status and, as a result, contribute to their academic failure. The current study seeks to investigate the relationship between students’ academic failure and the affecting factors with the Iranian Educational Ranking of Universities. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The required sample size was calculated using Cochran’s formula. A researcher-made questionnaire with 5 parts was used to collect data. Kruskal Wallis and Spearman’s analysis of variance was used for analysis. The significance level was considered as 0.05. Results: A total of 1215 people participated; 13.7% of students had had an academic failure and 2.0% of them were on academic probation. There was a correlation between university RAD rank and academic failure (r = -0.098 and P = 0.0001) as well as student satisfaction (r = 0.264 – P = 0.0001). There was a significant difference between an academic drop and academic grade in three ranks of university (Pv= 0.0001), and, interestingly, having moved from Rank 1 to 3, having academic grade increases, and having academic failure decreases. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the higher ranked the college campus is on the RAD scale, the higher the academic failure rate. For annual assessment of universities, it is proposed that assessment of academic failure and grades be used as a benchmark.
Easter Trope Quem queritis in the Lead-up to the Liturgical Drama
Authors: Савенкова Анна Андреевна
Published: September 2021

При изучении средневековой культуры бывает довольно сложно провести четкие границы между понятиями, категориями, поскольку многие из них либо сформировались позже, либо со временем наполнились другими смыслами. К таковым относятся драма и богослужение, на стыке которых возникло то, что в XIX веке получило название «литургическая драма». Вместо того чтобы прочертить между ними границу и исследовать изолированно, мы попробовали устремить взгляд на пограничные зоны: пространственные (взаимодействие песнопений внутри богослужения, их перемещение, поведение монахов в храме) и временные (этапы возникновения, становления и трансформации). В статье рассматриваются вопросы возникновения внутри пасхального богослужения драматического элемента - тропа-диалога Quem queritis («Что ищете»), его предполагаемых текстовых и интонационных литургических истоков, а также обратного воздействия тропа на канонические песнопения, благодаря которому стало возможным формирование литургической драмы как цельного, сюжетно и музыкально выстроенного эпизода внутри службы.

It is quite difficult sometimes to draw a strict line between some concepts and categories while analyzing the medieval culture. The reasons are either these categories, which researchers are trying to define, appeared much later, or the meaning behind them was being changed through the centuries. One of the problematic areas is the concepts of drama and liturgy. Right on the border between them, there have appeared something that have received a name “liturgical drama” in the 19 century. Instead of trying to split these phenomena apart and study them separately, we have decided to switch our attention to the borders itself, both spatial (the chant interaction inside the liturgy, their replacement, the monks' behavior in the cathedral's space) and temporal (stages of origin, becoming and transformation). In this article, the attention is focused on the two main subjects. The first one is the genesis of the dialogue trope Quem queritis (“Whom do you seek”), which was the first dramatic element within the Easter liturgy. The second one is the reverse impact of the trope to the traditional liturgical chants, which made possible the appearance of the liturgical drama as a solid, all-in-one episode with the fine and logical textual and musical subject.
By Pen and Baton: Nikolai van Gilse van der Pals Presents Rimsky-Korsakov in Europe
Authors: Дискин Кирилл Владимирович , ван дер Пальс Тобиас
Published: September 2021

Николай ван Гильзе ван дер Пальс (1891-1969) был одним из немногих популяризаторов творчества Н. А. Римского-Корсакова в Западной Европе в период между двумя мировыми войнами, когда его музыка была там еще мало известна, особенно в немецкоязычных странах. Николай ван Гильзе ван дер Пальс написал первую монографию об операх Римского-Корсакова (опубликована в 1929 году в Лейпциге), регулярно включал его музыку в свои программы, исполняя ее как дирижер в разных странах. В статье на основе архивных документов, крайне скупых сведений в научной литературе и мемуаристике реконструируется биография ван Гильзе ван дер Пальса, освещаются его разнообразные связи с музыкальным миром Санкт-Петербурга на рубеже XIX-XX веков. Показан его путь к музыке Римского-Корсакова, а также осмыслена его культурная миссия по популяризации творчества русского композитора.

Nikolai van GiLse van der Pals (1891-1969) was one of a few persistent popuLarizers of Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov's works in the Western Europe in the period between the two Wars, when the composer's music had been little known, especially in German-speaking countries. NikoLai van GiLse van der PaLs had not onLy written the first ever monography on Rimsky-Korsakov's operas (pubLished in 1929, Leipzig), but aLso reguLarLy incLuded Korsakov's music in his programs, performing as a conductor in different countries. In this paper, basing on the archival documents and on utmostly scanty mentions in scientific and memoire Literature, the biography of Gilse van der Pals is being reconstructed, as well as his varied connections to the musical worLd of St. Petersburg at the turn of the 19 and 20 centuries. Through the prism of the biography, his way to Rimsky-Korsakov's music is shown, and aLso his cuLturaL mission for popuLarization of the Russian composer's work is comprehended.
Opera, Anti-opera, Anti-Anti-opera. On the Issue of the Musical Theatre's Evolution in the 1960s-1970s
Authors: Карпун Надежда Аркадьевна
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена проблеме эволюции музыкального театра в 1960-1970-е годы. Появление в данный период целого ряда произведений, декларирующих деконструкцию, разрушение существующих канонов и традиций музыкально-театрального искусства дало начало диалектическому противостоянию традиционного оперного и нового антиоперного направлений. В статье предпринимается попытка осмыслить природу антиоперы и пришедшей ей на смену антиантиоперы, оценить их значение для развития нового музыкального театра, сформулировать ключевые особенности данных феноменов.

The article is devoted to the problem of the musical theatre's evolution in the 1960s-1970s. The appearance of a number of works declaring a deconstruction of existing canons and traditions of the musical theatre gave rise to dialectical opposition between opera and anti-opera. An attempt is made to reflect on the nature of antiopera and anti-antiopera that replaced it, define their significance for the development of New Music Theater, and formulate the essential features of these phenomena.
Music and Literature Synthesis in Paul Dukas's Aesthetics
Authors: Шуткова Мария Сергеевна
Published: September 2021

Рассмотрев и систематизировав представления о синтезе искусства Поля Дюка, автор статьи приходит к выводу об их оригинальности: в постоянном диалоге с вагнеровской идеей совокупного произведения искусств французскому композитору удалось изложить новый подход к интеграции музыки и слова. Обладая изысканным и утонченным литературным стилем, Дюка выражает свои мысли довольно туманно и неопределенно. Чтобы описать взаимодействие различных видов искусства, он использует понятия, относящиеся к концептам идеи («поэтическая идея» и «музыкальная идея») и эмоции («поэтическая эмоция» и «музыкальная эмоция»). Конечным результатом синтеза становится «поэма», в которой музыка и слово комплементарны друг другу и функционируют по единым законам.

Having studied and systematized Paul Dukas's concept of synthesis of arts, the author of the article comes to conclusion that it possesses authentic originality: in a constant dialogue with Wagner's idea of Gesamtkunstwerk, the French composer had the capacity of introducing a new approach towards music and literature fusion. Having established a rather sophisticated poetic style, Dukas expresses his thoughts in a vague and ambiguous way. To illustrate the interaction of various art forms, he resorts to using certain definitions that refer to the concepts of idea (“poetic idea” and “musical idea”) and emotion (“poetic emotion” and “musical emotion”). The endpoint of this interaction is poeme, which suggests that both elements are now subjected to universal laws and are complementary.
CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE SHORT FICTION “MAGIC” BASED ON NORMAN FAIRCLOUGH’S APPROACH
Authors: Sudarna Patricia Natasya Rhea , Yulina Christina Atika
Published: September 2021

In the discussion about social injustice, inequality becomes a core issue. It is proven by inequality themed short stories which are still relevant nowadays although they were written decades ago. In this paper we analyse the 1928’s short story Magic written by Katherine Anne Porter under Fairclough's (1922) critical discourse analysis. It aims at finding social wrong—especially inequality issues in the short story and finding possible ways to solve the social wrong.The analysis will be done in the framework of Fairclough’s critical discourse methods which divides the discourse into three dimensions, i.e. linguistic description of the language text, interpretation of the relationship between the discursive processes and the text, and explanation of the relationship between the discursive processes and social processes (Fairclough, 1995). To describe the linguistic aspect of the text, appraisal theory is used as the approach to support the process of analyzing the linguistic elements that create the discourse. Thus, the analysis will link the linguistic and social contexts of the discourse. The results show that there are some social wrongs happen in the story. It is also shown through judgement, affect, and appreciation.
Kelelahan Mata dan Keluhan MSDs Perkuliahan Daring Selama Pandemi COVID-19 pada Mahasiswa di Tiga Fakultas Universitas Sari Mulia (Program Studi Teknik Industri, D-IV Promosi Kesehatan dan Program Studi Manajemen)
Authors: Tambun Madschen Sia Mei Ol Siska Selvija , Oktaviannoor Husda
Published: September 2021

The spread of COVID-19 cases is very fast, affecting all sectors. One of these sectors is educational institutions. In order for the learning process to continue, an online  learning system was implemented. Online  learning causes an increase in sitting rather than standing, activity in front of a smartphone or laptop. The purpose of this study is to identify eye fatigue and MSDs complaints in students at three study programs, Industrial Engineering, DIV-Health Promotion and Management. The data was collected through an online  survey of students. This study used a descriptive analysis research design with a cross sectional approach with the number of respondents 55 students. The results showed that eye fatigue was mostly experienced with sore eyes as many as 35 students (63.63%). Then followed by headaches as many as 34 people (61.81%) and watery eyes as many as 23 people (41.81%). Meanwhile, the majority of MSDs complaints among students were at the waist as many as 34 people (61.8%), on the upper neck as many as 33 people (60%) and on the lower neck as many as 25 people (45.5%). Penyebaran yang kasus COVID-19 yang sangat cepat, berdampak terhadap semua sektor. Salah satu sektor tersebut adalah institusi pendidikan. Agar proses pembelajaran tetap berjalan, maka dilaksanakan sistem pembelajaran daring. Pembelajaran daring menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan aktivitas duduk daripada berdiri, aktivitas di depan smartphone atau laptop. Selain itu, pembelajaran daring dapat meningkatkan kelelahan mata karena aktivitas di depan smartphone atau laptop. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi kelelahan mata dan keluhan MSDs pada mahasiswa di tiga program studi yaitu Program Studi Teknik Industri, Program Studi DIV-Promosi Kesehatan dan Program Studi Manajemen. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei secara daring terhadap mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan jumlah responden 55 orang mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian didapatkan keluhan kelelahan mata yang paling banyak dialami oleh responden adalah mata perih sebanyak 35 orang mahasiswa (63,63%). Kemudian diikuti keluhan sakit kepala sebanyak 34 orang (61,81%) dan mata berair sebanyak 23 orang (41,81%). Sedangkan untuk keluhan MSDs pada mahasiswa adalah  mayoritas pada bagian pinggang sebanyak 34 orang (61,8%), pada bagian leher atas sebanyak 33 orang ( 60%) dan pada bagian leher bawah sebanyak 25 orang (45,5%).
Peningkatan Efektivitas Mesin Susu Kental Manis dengan Metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness dan Diagram Ishikawa
Authors: Sugiono Mohammad Cipto
Published: September 2021

PT. X is an industrial company that runs in milk processing which manufactured variety products of its derivative. The problem that PT. X has are the high rate of breakdown and planned downtime that happened in sweetened condensed milk sachet filling machine, resulting a low value of availability rate in 2020. These problems can be solved by using Overall Equipment Effectiveess (OEE) method as an identification of those problems and Ishikawa’s Diagram as a proposed further improvement. The average measurement result of OEE in sweetened condensed milk sachet filling machine in the year of 2020 is 71.90%. This result shows us that the percentage of OEE still hasn’t reached the company’s target which is 75%. That low achievement of OEE is caused by one dominated factor which is the value of availability rate. According to Ishikawa’s Diagram, the main cause of the low value of availability rate are preventive maintenance, autonomous maintenance and predictive maintenance which become the cause of the recent breakdown. In conclusion, if the maintenance is done properly and thoroughly, the breakdown will certainly happen rarely, so that the value of the availability rate will also rise. PT. X adalah perusahaan industri yang bergerak di bidang pengolahan susu yang memproduksi berbagai produk turunannya. Masalah yang terjadi di PT. X adalah tingginya tingkat kerusakan dan downtime terencana yang terjadi pada mesin pengisi sachet susu kental manis, sehingga mengakibatkan rendahnya nilai availability rate pada tahun 2020. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan metode Overall Equipment Effectiveess (OEE) sebagai identifikasi permasalahan tersebut. Hasil pengukuran rata-rata OEE pada mesin pengisi susu kental manis sachet tahun 2020 adalah 71,90%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa persentase OEE masih belum mencapai target perusahaan yaitu 75%. Rendahnya pencapaian OEE tersebut disebabkan oleh salah satu faktor yang mendominasi yaitu nilai availability rate. Menurut diagram Ishikawa, penyebab utama rendahnya nilai tingkat ketersediaan adalah maintenance preventive, maintenance otonom, dan maintenance prediktif yang menjadi penyebab kerusakan mesin.
Minimasi Kecacatan pada Produk Kemasan Kedelai Menggunakan Six Sigma, FMEA dan Seven Tools di PT. SATP
Authors: Wijaya Bagas Satria , Andesta Deny , Priyana Efta Dhartikasari
Published: September 2021

PT. Sari Agro Tama Persada is a company engaged in the agribusiness industry. In the business world, quality is a determining factor in customer buying interest. Many new business actors, PT Sari Agro Tama Persada (SATP) must be careful in maintaining and even improving the quality of their products. To control the quality, the methods used are six sigma, FMEA and seven tools. The Six Sigma method is a procedure to identify the triggers of defects in products or processes by correcting cases and improving quality with Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, Control (DMAIC), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is used to determine the RPN value on the PT SATP problem of 245 in poor quality sacks. Based on the calculation of the Defecr Per Million Opportunity (DPMO) value that has been carried out, the highest value is 2284,595, while the highest defect in torn sacks is 75 sacks with a percentage of 39.89. For the sigma (α) value of 4.97. In the cause-and-effect diagram, there are suggestions for improvements that will minimize defects, namely: carrying out extra supervision of workers, conducting safety briefings/talks before work, checking machines, and prioritizing the availability of spare parts (sewing needles), performing routine calibrations on machines balance. PT. Sari Agro Tama Persada merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di industri agribisnis. Dalam dunia bisnis, kualitas merupakan faktor penentu pada minat beli customer. Banyaknya pelaku usaha baru , PT Sari Agro Tama Persada (SATP)harus berhati-hati dalam menjaga bahkan meningkatkan kualitas produknya. Untuk mengendalikan kualitas mutu di gunakan metode yaitu six sigma, FMEA dan seven tools. Metode Six Sigma ialah prosedur untuk mengenali pemicu kecacatan pada produk ataupun proses dengan membetulkan kasus serta tingkatkan mutu dengan Define,  Measure, Analysis, Improve, Control (DMAIC), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) digunakan untuk mengetahui nilai RPN pada permasalahan PT SATP sebesar 245 pada kualitas karung yang buruk. Berdasarkan penghitungan nilai Defecr Per Million Opportunity (DPMO) yang telah dilakukan didapat nilai tertinggi 2284.595, sedangkan cacat tertinggi pada kemasan karung sobek sebesar 75 karung dengan persentase 39.89. Untuk nilai sigma(α) sebesar 4.97. Pada diagram sebab-akibat, terdapat usulan perbaikan akan meminimalisir defect  yaitu : melakukan pengawasan ekstra pada pekerja, di lakukan briefieng/safety talk pada saat sebelum bekerja, melakukan pengecekan mesin, serta mementingkan ketersediaan spare part (jarum jahit), melakukan kalibrasi rutin pada mesin timbangan
Nuevos registros de distribución para Uranotaenia sapphirina (Osten Sacken, 1868) (Diptera: Culicidae) en Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Canto-Mis Karla Leticia , Chan-Chable Rahuel J. , Gómez-Rivera Ángel S. , López-Sosa Xinia Yazmín , González-Acosta Cassandra , Correa-Morales Fabián , Mis Ávila Pedro C.
Published: September 2021

Se realizaron colectas de larvas de culícidos en tres localidades del estado de Quintana Roo, México (Leona Vicario, Cacao y Ramonal) durante los meses de abril y mayo de 2021. Se identificó la especie Uranotaenia sapphirina, con lo cual se aportan nuevas localidades y se actualiza la lista de culícidos presentes en Quintana Roo a 87 especies.
Cultura (dita) popular: Desafios e possibilidades para a História
Authors: Leal Tito Barros , Menescal Ana Alice
Published: September 2021

A presente obra é resultado do esforço coletivo dos alunos, bolsistas e voluntários, que compõem o grupo PET – História da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú (Sobral-CE). É, também, derivação direta dos trabalhos realizados no VII Seminário PET – Cultura (dita) Popular: desafios e possibilidades para a História, realizado entre 16 e 19 de setembro de 2019 e que contou com a participação de professores, alunos e grupos artísticos de diversas Universidades do Ceará e além. Aqui está, portanto, este volume, marco na nossa formação acadêmica e, certamente, uma das maiores alegrias entre as experiências como petianos e petianas.
Front Cover and Preface Vol. 1 No. 1
Authors: Team Editorial
Published: September 2021

Front Cover and Preface Vol. 1 No. 1
Animaciones musicales: piratas del Caribe, de Hans Zimmer
Authors: de Frutos Domínguez Rocío , Galera Núñez María del Mar
Published: September 2021

Se trata de una animación realizada sobre un fragmento de la banda sonora de “Piratas del Caribe” del compositor de música de cine Hans Zimmer. Se ha optado por una estética visual con elementos figurativos icónicos en coherencia con la función de esta pieza musical como parte de la banda sonora de la célebre saga de películas, evocando ciertos elementos narrativos, manteniendo también la lógica formal y resaltando además otros parámetros sonoros y psicológicos de la obra.

En el proyecto Animaciones Musicales, a las alumnas y alumnos del grado de Educación Infantil dentro de la asignatura de Didáctica de la Música se pedía elegir libremente una pieza musical instrumental de entre 1 y 4 minutos de duración y, tras su análisis (forma, carácter, parámetros sonoros y elementos más relevantes...), realizar sobre esa base musical una creación visual de animación (empleando el programa PowToon o similar) en la que hubiera coherencia formal entre música e imagen. Se dio plena libertad en la elección de tema, estética visual, parámetros musicales representados, tipo de música... y se fomentó la originalidad en los planteamientos. Los vídeos resultantes se vieron y analizaron colectivamente en clase y también se expusieron públicamente en una pantalla de televisión ubicada en uno de los accesos a la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación coincidiendo con la Exposición de cotidiáfonos “Se ruega tocar” en la que se mostraban trabajos también realizados por los alumnos de la misma asignatura.
Lakossági zöldpénzügyek: fókuszban a kereslet
Authors: Bethlendi András , Póra András
Published: September 2021

A Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem (BME) és a Magyar Nemzeti Bank (MNB) együttműködése keretében készült lakossági kérdőíves felmérésben a következő fő kutatási kérdésekre kerestünk választ: 1) a lakosság környezetvédelmi és pénzügyi ismeretei és attitűdje milyen kapcsolatban áll a zöldpénzügyi termékek iránti kereslettel, 2) mennyire jelentős (ár)támogatással lehet a hazai fogyasztókat a fenntarthatóbb pénzügyi termékek felé terelni. Ezek mellett a lakosság zöld- és pénzügyi ismerete, valamint attitűdje egyéb összefüggéseit is fel kívántuk tárni. A vizsgálat során összegző indexeket és indikátorokat kreáltunk a főbb kérdések vizsgálatára, ezek képezték az elemzés alapját. A magyar lakosság a környezetvédelemhez általában pozitívan viszonyul. A válaszadók zöldismereteiket inkább túl-, pénzügyi ismereteiket és óvatosságukat pedig inkább alulértékelik. A pénzügyi és zöldismeret és -attitűd szempontjából is az iskolázottság és a pénzügyi műveltség a legmeghatározóbb. A személyes zöldattitűd kapcsán elmondható, hogy a hétköznapokban az anyagi lehetőségek adta pragmatizmus a döntő. A pénzügyi termékek iránti keresletre az árazás, ezen kívül az indexek közül a zöld- és pénzügyi ismeretek, a demográfiai változók közül pedig az életkor hat leginkább. A kapott eredmények alapján csak egy jelentősebb ártámogatással lehetne a hazai fogyasztókat a fenntarthatóbb pénzügyi termékek felé terelni.
A Covid–19 első hullámának hatása a gazdasági felsőoktatásban tanuló hallgatók pénzügyi biztonságára
Authors: Kálmán Botond , Bárczi Judit , Zéman Zoltán
Published: September 2021

Tanulmányunk a felsőoktatásban tanuló, gazdasági képzésre járó hallgatók pénzügyi kultúráját vizsgálja. A szakirodalmi adatok szerint felértékelődnek a pénzügyi ismeretek, viszont ehhez az egyre fontosabb tudáshoz nem társulnak gyakorlati eredmények. Ezért a pénzügyi biztonságérzet is csökken, különösen akkor, ha egy váratlan jelentős gazdasági krízis is kialakul. Ennek a csökkenésnek az okait vizsgáltuk. Magyar és külföldi hallgatókat kérdeztünk kétfázisú, offline kérdőíves felmérésben. A két lekérdezés között zajlott le a Covid–19-járvány első hulláma, ezzel modelleztük a gazdasági krízishelyzetet. A kérdésekkel felmértük a diákok elméleti tudását, pénzügyi viselkedését és a pénzügyekhez fűződő viszonyát. Rákérdeztünk továbbá arra is, hogyan értékelik saját pénzügyi helyzetüket és biztonságérzetüket. A válaszok statisztikai feldolgozása után lineáris modellek felállításával határoztuk meg azokat a tényezőket, amelyek szerepet játszanak a pénzügyi biztonság alakulásában. Legfontosabb eredményünk, hogy a felmérés éve a pénzügyi kultúra minden dimenzióját befolyásolja, ami igazolja a járvány okozta krízis szerepét és hatását.
THE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL IMPACT OF COVID-19 INFECTION ON MEDICAL STAFF IN THE FIRST-LINE MEDICAL INSTITUTION IN MOLDOVA
Authors: Chihai Jana
Published: September 2021

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected the lives of people around the world, especially after the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic in the second week of March 2020. The research and the clinical observations in this field show that, during the pandemic, many people display stress, anxiety or depression, which are fuelled by fear and the pathological worry of infection, of coming into contact with possibly contaminated objects or surfaces. It exacerbates the fear of strangers who might have an infection, the fear of socioeconomic consequences and the symptoms of the traumatic stress associated to the pandemic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the medical population proved to be susceptible to burnout syndrome - physical and emotional exhaustion, poor performance, indecision, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, depression, all due to the increased work requirements, prolonged work, frustration in case of failure to save the patients' lives, pandemic-related uncertainty, fear of getting sick and infecting the family members. The frontline workers may face additional stressors during the COVID-19 outbreak: stigmatization of those working with COVID-19 patients; strict bio-security measures; physical pressure by the protective equipment; physical isolation which makes it difficult to ensure the comfort of a sick or suffering person; constant awareness and vigilance; strict procedures to be followed in order to prevent spontaneity and autonomy.
MEDIEVAL UDMURTS AND VOLGA BULGARIA IN X - EARLY XIII CENTURIES
Authors: Konstantin Aleksandrovich Rudenko Konstantin Aleksandrovich ч
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the problem of relations between two neighboring peoples - medieval Udmurts and Volga Bulgars in the 10 - early 13 centuries. The main material for the study was the archaeological materials presented at the present time by a significant number of studied archaeological objects - settlements and burial grounds. The author examines three stages of ethnocultural contacts: 1) X - the second half of the XI century; 2) the end of the XI - the middle of the XII century; 3) the second half of the XII - the beginning of the XIII century. At the beginning of the first stage, the degree of development of the material culture of both Bulgars and the Cheptsa population was at the same level, and the possibilities of development on the basis of raw materials in the Udmurt Cis-Urals were much higher. This situation persisted until the second half of the 10 century, when the Bulgar state began to actively develop the trade space to the north of its borders. Nevertheless, the Chepets population during this period was less exposed to the Bulgar trade expansion than the Mari, Mordovians and Murom, developing crafts and expanding ties with the Perm Urals. At the second stage, groups of settlers from the Volga Bulgaria appeared on Chepts, who influenced the development of high-tech industries and the emergence of new types of artifacts, for example, items of the Askiz type. By the end of the XII century. they have completely assimilated. In the same period, the connections of the Chepets population with the Perm Cis-Urals and Russian lands expanded. This situation continued at the third stage. At that time, mainly rare goods, for example, silk fabrics, were brought from the Volga Bulgaria. Thus, for three centuries, close ties of the medieval Udmurts with the Volga Bulgars remained, demonstrating special mechanisms of interaction in the changing conditions of the functioning of medieval ethnic groups in different models of cultural development.
MORPHOLOGY OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS IN THE LOWER CHEPTSA DIALECT OF THE UDMURT LANGUAGE
Authors: Karpova Ludmila Leonidovna
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the description of the peculiarities of the pronominal deixis in the Lower Cheptsa dialect which is a part of the Northern Udmurt dialect. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a comprehensive research of system of pronouns in the context of territorial varieties of Udmurt language. The Lower Cheptsa dialect developed isolatedly from the basic area of distribution of the Udmurt dialects, as a result of which a number of features were formed in its language system. The paper considers the morphological structure and usage of personal pronouns. The author focuses on specific characteristics distinguishing the studied dialect from other Northern Udmurt subdialects. The study demonstrates that in the Lower Cheptsa dialect the nominative forms of personal pronouns largely coincide with the corresponding such pronouns of other Udmurt dialects. The researcher also highlights characteristic phenomena in the inflectional system of personal pronouns, reveals some features in the number of cases, analyzes the functioning of a series of secondary spatial cases with marker -n′- , and focuses on specific phenomena in the form of some cases. In particular, distinctive features of a morphonological nature are observed in the design of accusative forms of the 1 and 2 person plural pronouns, in special ways of forming instrumental forms of the 1 and 2 person pronouns in the singular and plural. Linguistic data are analyzed and interpreted in the context of the Udmurt language dialectic landscape. The data presented show that according to the main features of inflection of personal pronouns the Lower Cheptsa dialect bears closest similarities to the Middle Cheptsa subdialects of the Northern Udmurt dialect. The research is based on the materials collected by the author during several expeditions to the Lower Cheptsa Udmurts from 2014 to 2017.
NEW PAGE OF FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT OF UDMURT AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES
Authors: Sergeev Oleg Arsentyevich
Published: September 2021

Review of the book: Russian-Udmurt dictionary. In 2 volumes. More than 55,000 words. / L. M. Ivshin, S. A. Maksimov, O. V. Titova, L. E. Kirillova, L. L. Karpova, T. R. Dushenkova, A. V. Egorov, A. A. Shibanov; Edited by L. M. Ivshin; UdmFRC UB RAS. Izhevsk, 2019. Vol. 1 (A - O). 936 p.; Vol. 2 (P - Ya). 1016 p. In Russian.