bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-domain Constrained Network for Zero-shot Object Detection
Authors: Lv Wen , Shi Hongbo , Tan Shuai , Song Bing , Tao Yang
Published: October 2022

Zero-shot object detection (ZSD) aims to recognize and locate unseen objects without training samples. Despite the rapid progress in the ZSD technique, most existing algorithms learn a mapping relationship between visual features and semantic space based on seen classes to apply the unseen classes without considering unseen class possible connections in the inference. Besides, due to the heterogeneous characteristics (category attributes and distribution variations) in different domains, the network’s mapping relationship alone between visual and semantic data will lead to inference bias. To address the above issues, we propose a novel cross-domain constrained network for ZSD, named constraint-ZSD. Specifically, we built a target association strategy to associate seen instances to learn unseen classes, which guarantees that at least one unseen object is associated with a similar seen object during the training period. Then, we model a cross-domain constrained mechanism to set a relational knowledge graph and explicitly constrain the consistency of category correlation under visual and semantic domains. As a result, the detector is guided to learn object-related and domain-independent feature representations. Finally, extensive experiments are presented for two standard benchmarks of ZSD, PASCAL VOC and MSCOCO. Our method outperforms previous state-of-the-art techniques on ZSD and generalized ZSD (GZSD) tasks.
Markov Chain for Keywords Extraction from News Articles
Authors: Patel Parth Mihir
Published: October 2022

Keywords extraction, that is the process of extracting the most important and relevant words from a text or a set of texts, is one of the core components of every News Aggregator Service. This paper elaborates how Markov Chain can be used for extracting nouns from a set of news articles, and then ranking them in order to extract the top five. The process involves noun extraction using POS tagger, construction of a graph of extracted nouns, and PageRank algorithm for ranking nouns.
Impact of stylolite cementation on weathering rates of carbonate rocks
Authors: Israeli Yoni , Emmanuel Simon
Published: October 2022

The weathering of carbonate rocks plays a significant role in the evolution of Earth’s surface. Such weathering is often accelerated by the presence of stylolites, which are rough, serated surfaces that form by dissolution under burial or tectonic stresses. Stylolites are thought to represent zones of mechanical weakness in rocks, as well as regions in which chemical weathering is enhanced. However, a quantitative framework capable of predicting how stylolites accelerate weathering in carbonates has yet to be achieved. In this study, we first used scanning electron microscopy and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy to characterize the way in which the two sides of individual stylolites are connected at the microscopic scale. In the samples we examined, we found that micrometer-scale calcite bridges span the opposing sides of the stylolites, effectively cementing the rock together. This cement filled 1%-30% of the stylolite volume. We then used a numerical cellular automaton model to simulate the effect that the degree of carbonate cementation has on stylolitic carbonate rock weathering. Our results show that weathering rates decrease non-linearly as the degree of stylolite cementation increases. The effect on overall rock weathering rates is significant: stylolite-bearing rocks with 1% cementation weathered as much as 37 times faster than limestone without stylolites, primarily because of accelerated mechanical erosion. Our results indicate that stylolites could be as important as joints and fractures in accelerating carbonate rock weathering and in the development of karst landscapes, potentially making a major contribution to global carbonate weathering.
A nomogram to predict the risk of bleeding after discharge from stent-assisted aneurysm embolization in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Yichuan , Bai Jinbo , Kang Fu , Li Wei , Xiao Zaixing , Ma Yong , Chai Erqing
Published: October 2022

Background
The occurrence of bleeding events may seriously affect the prognosis of patients with Stent-Assisted Coil (SAC) aneurysms. A nomogram can provide a personalized, more accurate risk estimate based on predictors. We, therefore, developed a nomogram to predict the probability of bleeding events in patients with stent-assisted aneurysm embolization.
Methods
We performed a single-center retrospective analysis of data collected from patients undergoing stent-assisted aneurysm embolization between January 2018 and December 2021. Forward stepwise logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of adverse events of bleeding after stent-assisted embolization and to establish nomograms. Discrimination and calibration of this model using the area under the ROC curve (AUC-ROC) and the calibration plot. The model is internally validated by using resampling (1000 replicates).
Results
A total of 131 patients were collected, and a total of 118 patients met the study criteria. The predictors included in the nomogram were Body Mass Index(BMI), AAi, and MA-ADP. The model showed good resolving power with a ROC area of ​​0.893 (95% CI: 0.834 ~ 0.952) for this model with good calibration.
Conclusion
The nomogram can be used to individualize, visualize and accurately predict the risk probability of bleeding events after stent-assisted embolization of aneurysms.
Use of Fuzzy Logic in the Classification of Thyroid Nodules Detected by Ultrasonography
Authors: ANDRADE LUIS JESUINO DE OLIVEIRA , DE OLIVEIRA LUÍSA CORREIA MATOS , DE OLIVEIRA LUIS MATOS , BITTENCOURT ALCINA MARIA VINHAES , LOURENÇO LETÍCIA GÓES DE CARVALHO , DE OLIVEIRA GABRIELA CORREIA MATOS
Published: October 2022

Objective
Employ fuzzy logic to auxiliary in diagnosis and malignancy grade of thyroid nodules by ultrasound.
Methods
A cross-sectional study evaluating 75 exams results from patients with a thyroid nodule. The following ultrasound findings were evaluated employing a quantitative score: not suspicious, not very suspicious, moderately suspicious, and highly suspicious. The echographic features evaluated for suspicion of malignancy were based on the following nodule components: composition, echogenicity, shape, margin, and echogenic foci, graded using the Thyroid Imaging Data and Reporting System by the American College of Radiology. By combining ultrasound scoring and the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology using fuzzy logic, a classification for thyroid nodules was constructed.
Results
Hypoechogenicity and microcalcifications were the findings that showed the best interaction with malignancy on ultrasound, while shape and margin showed the smallest estimation errors when compared with composition. A classification for thyroid nodules was suggested based on the 95% confidence interval of hypoechogenicity and microcalcifications: not suspicious (< 24.6); not very suspicious (24.6–48.0); moderate (48.1–64.5); moderately suspicious (64.6–77.0); highly suspicious (77.1–92.7); and malignant (> 92.7).
Conclusion
By fuzzy logic, a classification for thyroid nodules diagnosed by ultrasound supported by echogenicity and nodular microcalcifications was constructed with a simple practical application.
Compost-derived thermophilic microorganisms producing glycoside hydrolase activities as new potential biocatalysts for sustainable processes
Authors: Finore Ilaria , Leone Luigi , Gioiello Alessia , Romano Ida , Cangemi Silvana , Mazzei Pierluigi , Piccolo Alessandro , Cattaneo Andrea , Nicolaus Barbara , Kambourova Margarita , Poli Annarita , Lama Licia
Published: October 2022

Background: The management of the organic waste recycling process determines the interest in the thermophiles microorganisms involved in composting. Although many microbial enzymes have been isolated and studied for their industrial and commercial uses, there is still a continuous search for the potential microorganisms which could synthesize industrially feasible enzymes, especially when microbial diversity of cow dung makes itself a potential source of biotechnological enzymes.
Results: The composting process studied at the Experimental Station of the University of Naples Federico II (Castel Volturno, Caserta, Italy) was characterized by saw dust 40%, bovine manure 58%, and 2% mature compost as raw organic substrates, and its thermophilic phase exceeded a temperature of 55 °C for at least 5 days, thus achieving sanitation. Five new microbial strains were isolated and named CV1-1, CV1-2, CV2-1, CV2-2, CV2-3 and CV2-4. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, HRMAS-NMR spectroscopy, and biochemical investigations, they were ascribed to the genera Geobacillus and Bacillus. The microbial isolates have been checked for the presence of glycoside hydrolase enzymes in extracellular, cell-bound, and cytosolic fractions. Moreover, pectinase activities have been researched.
Conclusions: The isolation of new thermophilic microorganisms has allowed to study the compost biodiversity, and subsequently permitted the identification of enzymatic activities able to degrade cellulose and other polymeric substrates, which could be interesting from an industrial and a biotechnological point of view, furthermore, increasing knowledge and potential applicability in different industrial fields
Higher risk of car accidents in older patients with Toxoplasma Gondii in Yazd province, center of Iran: A Cohort Study
Authors: Ghasemirad Hamidreza , Aalazade Maryam Sadat , Shariatpanahi Marjan , Owliaey Hamid , Kargar Meraj , Ghasemirad Mohammadreza , Chehrazad Mozhgan , Zare Mahdie
Published: October 2022

Background
Toxoplasmosis seems to be not only an infectious disease with known signs and symptoms, but it can also disturb the social behavioral aspects of animals and human. These social problems, especially memory disfunction, may lead to dangerous events like traffic accidents. The purpose of the study is to investigate and compare the rate of traffic accidents in people with positive serology for Toxoplasma gondiiand people with negative serology.
Materials and Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study conducted according to the statistics available in the laboratories of Yazd province, in the center of Iran, from 2018 to 2021.
We used information of 360 people with driving licenses divided into two groups related to the data of the results of IgG test against Toxoplasma gondii, collected in the laboratories of Yazd, Iran. One group was seropositive and the other one was seronegative for Toxoplasma gondii. The statistical analysis of the traffic accidents during 2018-2021 were recorded by the traffic police system.
Results
The age of toxoplasmosis group was slightly more than control group. (36.2 and 34.08, respectively; p-value= 0.03). There was no significant difference between time of driving in toxoplasmosis and control group. (P-value= 0.06). The rate of accidents was higher in toxoplasmosis group. (36.7% and 20.6%; p-value<0.001). This rate was significantly higher in people of 35-69 years old compared with younger ones. (40% and 32.9% respectively; p-value=0.01)
Conclusion
People with latent toxoplasmosis had a significantly higher risk of car accidents than seronegative ones and this risk was higher in older people. Due to contradictory results about the effect of toxoplasmosis on traffic accidents and higher rate of toxoplasmosis in Persian cats, these findings should be taken into consideration in designing strategies for public health.
Development of Conductometric Method for Quantification of Metformin HCl in Bulk and Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Palled Mahesh S.
Published: October 2022

Purpose
The main objectives of proposed research work is to develop and validate novel cost effective conductometric method for quantification of Metformin HCl in bulk and its marketed pharmaceuticals.
Methods
The proposed conductometric method makes the use Millipore water as solvent system for the analysis. The method was developed by preparing various concentration of analyte in water and measuring the electrical conductance. In order to measure the electrical conductivity of analyte solution ELICO CM 183EC-TDS analyser version 2.3 was utilized. The developed method was validated in order to standardize its performance as per current regulatory recommendations.
Results
Metformin HCl displayed the linearity between the concentration ranges of 50 to 250 µg/mL with r2 value of 0.9999. The % relative standard deviation observed at each validation parameters was well within the acceptance with less than 2% RSD. The recovery values were observed between 99 to 100%.
Conclusion
The newly established and authenticated conductometric tool was found to be realistic for quantification of Metformin HCl in its marketed tablet pharmaceuticals.
Reproductive Health Risks Of Divorced Poor Women And Its Consequences: A Study In Dhaka City
Authors: Parvez Mohammad Anwar , Islam Md. Shahidul , BakiBillah Abul Hasan , Islam Muhammad Tanbirul
Published: October 2022

Health and well-being of women is critical to the country’s future development, although the surrounding reproductive health (RH) still remain a cultural taboo, especially for divorced poor women who have vulnerable stabilities in managing their reproductive health. Women in Bangladesh too often enter their reproductive years poorly informed about RH issues. A significant number of divorced poor women are deprived the reproductive health services in rural and urban areas. The divorced poor women have been studied in this research as they belong to one of the neglected communities of Bangladesh. The study was conducted during July to December 2017. The data were collected by using semi-structured questionnaire. A majority (88.0%) of the respondents suffered from complications during their pregnancy. In their last pregnancy, 60.0% of them confessed lack of frequent medical checkups and balanced diet. 78.0% of the respondents lived in an unhygienic condition with 60.0% of them had insufficient light and air flow access in home. Overwhelming majority of the respondents suffered from complications during their delivery. About half of the respondents suffered from uterus complications with more than three-quarter of respondents identified residential environment as affecting factor on their reproductive health.
A Molecular Docking Analysis of Phytochemical as the Potential Inhibitors of Crystal Hemagglutinin structure from Influenza Virus A/ Denver/57 bound to CO5 Antibody
Authors: Rameshnathan Devarani , Suryadevara Nagaraja , Vairavan Charles Arvind Sethuraman , Shanmugam Gnanendra , Vetriselvan Subramaniyan , Sivapragasam Gothai , Sekar Mahendran , Fuloria Neeraj Kumar , Fuloria Shivkanya
Published: October 2022

Recurrence of the Influenza A infection has been affecting a huge number of individuals worldwide due to resistance of antiviral drugs against the newly produced strains. This occurs mainly due to the mutagenicity caused by the virus in amino acid sequences of the glycoprotein, Hemagglutinin and side effects demonstrated by infected individuals in a long term usage of the drug, showed lower efficacy in inhibiting the entry of the virus. Hence, this study is conducted to evaluate a potential drug from phytochemical compound derivatives, Oleanolic acid (OA) through molecular docking replacing the current drugs available in pharmaceutical fields, and combating influenza A virus infection. The standard drug, OA and target protein structure Hemagglutinin was retrieved from the database and was further used in molecular computational docking using PyRx software tools. OA along with the similarities derivatives are then screened based on the highest binding energy -kcal/mol and each of the selected potential compounds was filtered for its biological activity via Molinspiration tools. Among the 1,365 screened compounds a number of 15 potential compounds were identified and demonstrated possible druggability characteristics and firm receptor-ligand interactions through docking analysis. With these 15 compounds, two compounds with the highest binding affinity of -8.5 kcal/mol known to be 11alpha,12alpha-Epoxy Oleanolic lactone and Papyriogenin A are found to be the potential drug compared to compounds.These two compounds as phytochemical derivatives with the highest binding energy and druggability characteristics demonstrated a significant value compared to standard drugs which can be further implemented for drug molecular studies in inventing new antiviral drug treatment against newly produced mutated strains of influenza virus A.
Few-Shot Learning using Siamese Twin Network for the Classification of Blood Cells
Authors: Tummala Sudhakar , Suresh Anil K
Published: October 2022

Automated classification of blood cells from microscopic images is an interesting research area owing to advancements of efficient neural network architectures. Here, we developed a few-shot contrastive learning model for the classification of peripheral blood cells including lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, immature granulocytes, erythroblasts, and platelets using EfficientNet as a base model and contrastive loss as a loss function. A total of 17092 publicly accessible images acquired using the CellaVision DM96 were analyzed. From 125 images of each cell type, 20000 image pairs are generated for Siamese twin network (STN) training and another 125 images from each cell type are used for few-shot validation. Therefore, out of 17092 images, 6% were used for training, 6% for few-shot validation and rest 88% for few-shot testing. This architecture demonstrates an overall accuracy of 97.21% during 8-way 3-shot testing for the classification of all cell types with an accuracy of 97.72% for the classification of white blood cells alone. Further, we propose a novel class activation mapping scheme for the interpretability of the model decisions suitable for STN. To conclude, the proposed framework based on contrastive learning could be used for the fully automated self-exploratory classification and identification of peripheral blood cells.
Dopaminergic innervation at the central nucleus of the amygdala reveals distinct topographically and functionally segregated regions
Authors: Casey Eric , Avale María Elena , Kravitz Alexxai , Rubinstein Marcelo
Published: October 2022

The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is involved in the expression of fear and anxiety disorders. Anatomically, it is divided in a medial, lateral (CeL), and capsular (CeC) divisions. The CeA is densely innervated by dopaminergic projections that originate in the ventral periaqueductal gray/dorsal raphe (vPAG/DR) and the ventral tegmental area/substantia nigra compacta (VTA/SNc). However, whether dopamine (DA) exerts a homogenous control over the CeA or differentially regulates the various CeA subdivisions is still unknown. Here, we performed a neuroanatomical and functional analysis of the mouse CeA and found that DAergic innervations from the PAG/DR and VTA/SNc constitute distinct, non-overlapping, pathways differing also in the relative expression of the dopamine transporter. By quantifying the distribution of DAergic fibers and the origin of DA inputs we identified two distinct regions in the CeL: a frontal region innervated by the VTA/SNc and vPAG/DR, a caudal region innervated only by the vPAG/DR and, three distinct regions in the CeC: fronto-dorsal innervated only by the VTA/SNc, fronto-ventral with sparse DAergic innervation, and a caudal region with low innervation from the vPAG/DR. In addition, we found that each region displays a unique pattern of c-Fos activation following the administration of cocaine, SKF 38393, quinpirole or haloperidol; demonstrating that all these regions are functionally distinct. In summary, we revealed unique properties of the DAergic pathways innervating the CeA, distinguishing six topographically segregated and functionally distinct regions. This unanticipated level of functional heterogeneity calls for more precise anatomical specificity in future functional studies of the CeA.
Cultural Background Differences of International Students Relating to Time Management
Authors: Kasirye Faiswal
Published: October 2022

Poor time management is increasing among students by the day, yet it is an essential factor that helps people from all walks of life become professionals, trustworthy, and reliable in what they do. This study aims to examine the cultural background differences of international students related to time management. In addition, this study aims to determine the differences between gender, age, and nationality in time management among international students at IIUM. This study utilizes the ABC time management model to explain the differences between the study's variables. A quantitative research design using a survey method with a questionnaire as the tool for data collection was used in this research. A sample of 282 international students at a public university participated in the study chosen through simple random sampling. The study findings reveal that students have high levels of time management. The study further reveals no statistically significant differences between male and female international students, their age groups, and their nationalities in time management. Additionally, international students noted that they regard time management highly because they are always in charge of how their time is used, prioritize essential tasks, meet required deadlines, complete tasks before they are due, do their tasks according to planned schedules, prepare daily or weekly to-do lists and concentrate on doing essential tasks. Therefore, the ABC model of time management is supported in this study.
Grassroots autonomous organizations embedding, non-agricultural employment and farmer homestead withdrawal behavior：Based on the research data of Qionglai City, Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Liu Xinyi , Xu YingXin , Y.Gao  , Zhao Kai
Published: October 2022

In the context of the rapid rise of the village revitalization in China,the paper examines the impact of the embedding level of grassroots autonomous organizations and farmer non-agriculture employment on the farmer homestead exit behavior. Based on the Embeddedness theory and 421 household survey in Qionglai, this study suggests that, (1) the embedding of grassroots autonomous organizations is beneficial for the farmer homestead exit behavior, but different embedding methods have different effects on farmers' homestead exit behavior. (2) The farmer non-agriculture employment can promote their homestead exit behavior, and the "U" -shaped influence relationship between the non-agricultural employment distance and the farmer homestead exit behavior appears. (3) this study confirms that the level of non-agricultural employment plays an inhibitory role in the positive influence of grassroots organizations to mobilize farmers to exit homestead. (4) Further mechanism analysis show that the moderating effect of farmer non-agriculture employment and the farmer homestead exit behavior. Therefore, it is suggested that when mobilizing farmers to voluntarily withdraw from the homestead, grass-roots organizations should actively improve their own embedding level, improve the construction of farmers 'social network and accelerate the accumulation of farmers' material capital.
A Retrospective Cohort Study of Risk of Seizures in Pre and Postoperative treatment of Supratentorial Meningioma
Authors: Rajab Yasmeen Saeed , Aji Aman Omar , Abdin Ahmad Jehad , Alkharrat Leen
Published: October 2022

Aim and background:
Since meningioma is the most common intracranial tumor, seizures in these patients account for a huge portion of the tumor-related epilepsy. Tumor-related seizures adversely affect the quality of life, hence a better understanding of meningioma seizure rates, associated risk factors, and potential mechanisms is critical to the development of improved treatment strategies.
Methods:
This study was conducted on 100 patients in Damascus Hospital who were diagnosed with supratentorial meningioma and were treated surgically between 2017-2021.
Results:
The incidence of preoperative seizure was found to be 0.92 higher for individuals with cerebral edema (OR =3.329) than for individuals without cerebral edema. Also, it was found that patients with cerebral edema had a higher incidence of postoperative seizures (OR =2.124) compared to patients without cerebral edema by 0.75. In addition, the incidence of seizures for people who have a tumor size of less than 4 cm is 0.23 higher than the incidence of seizures for people who have a tumor size of more than 4 cm. Lastly, the incidence of preoperative seizures for people with neurological deficits (OR =1.049) is 0.02 higher than in people without neurological deficiency.
Conclusion:
It was found that 43% cases of pre-operative seizures have occurred, and this percentage decreased to 25% in post-operative cases. A correlation between tumor classification and the incidence of preoperative seizures was observed where 66.7% of individuals with grade II meningioma had preoperative seizures, and 75% of people with grade III meningioma had preoperative seizures.
Tensor product of finite dimensional nilpotent evolution algebras
Authors: izzat
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the tensor product of a finite-dimensional nilpotent evolution algebra. Some properties that translate from tensor products to factors and vice versa have been investigated, including the index of nilpotency and annihilator. The index of nilpotency of the tensor product of two nilpotent evolution algebras with different indexes of nilpotency is determined. Moreover, we investigate the tensorially decomposable of the 4-dimensional nilpotent evolution algebra. In addition, the decomposable nilpotent evolution algebra with the maximal nilindex of nilpotency has been carried out.
Quantitatively mapping local quality at super-resolution scale by rolling Fourier ring correlation
Authors: Chen Liangyi , Zhao Weisong , Huang Xiaoshuai , Qiu Guohua , Yang Jianyu , Qu Liying , Han Zhenqian , Li Xiangyu , Zhao Yue , Zhao Shiqun , Li Liuju , Luo Ziying , Wang Xinwei , Shang Guanyu , Hao Huijie , Jiu Yaming , Mao Heng , Ding XUMIN , Tan Jiubin , Liu Jian , Hu Ying , Pan Leiting , Li Haoyu
Published: October 2022

In fluorescence microscopy, computational algorithms have been developed to suppress noise, enhance contrast, and even enable super-resolution (SR). The local quality of the images may vary on multiple scales and these differences can lead to misconceptions. However, current mapping methods fail to finely estimate the local quality, challenging to associate the SR scale content. Here, we develop a rolling Fourier ring correlation (rFRC) to quantify reconstruction quality down to the SR scale. To visually pinpoint regions with low reliability, we combine a filtered rFRC with a modified resolution scaled error map (RSM), providing a comprehensive and concise map for further examination. We demonstrate their performances on different SR imaging modalities, and the resulting quantitative maps enable better SR images integrated from different reconstructions. Beyond that, as a model-independent assessment, we show its applications in evaluating the local restoration qualities for the deep-learning methods.
Outer automorphisms of the absolute Galois group of local fields of mixed characteristic
Authors:   , Kumpitsch Theresa
Published: October 2022

In this thesis we discuss the group Out(Gal_K) of outer automorphism of the absolute Galois group Gal_K of a p-adic number field K. Using results about the mapping class group of a surface S, as well as a result by Jannsen--Wingberg on the structure of the absolute Galois group Gal_K, we construct a large subgroup of Out(Gal_K) arising as images of certain Dehn twists on S.
National multicenter prospective observational study “The role of concomitant diseases in poSTOPerative complications RISK stratification — STOPRISK”: study protocol
Authors: Zabolotskikh Igor B. , Trembach N. V. , Musaeva T. S. , Dunts P. V. , Golubtsov V. V. , Grigoryev E. V. , Gritsan A. I. , Zamyatin M. N. , Kokhno V. N. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Lebedinskii K. M. , Magomedov M. A. , Malyshev Yu. P. , Ovezov A. M. , Popov A. S. , Protsenko D. N. , Fisher V. V. , Khoronenko V. E.
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Advances in modern anesthesiology have significantly reduced the risk of anesthesia compared to the last century, however, the level of perioperative in-hospital mortality after elective major abdominal surgery is still high at the moment. Poor outcome prediction is the cornerstone of individualized perioperative management of high-risk patients aimed at preventing complications. Despite the fact that a large number of risk assessment tools have been developed over the past decades, the accuracy of the forecast is still far from required. According to the literature data, models based on the study of risk factors in the national population of patients, of which comorbidities make the greatest contribution, have the greatest accuracy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design: prospective observational study. Setting: National multicenter study of patients in surgical hospitals. Patients: Patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Interventions: Not provided. RESULTS: The developed design was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database, a study organized by the Federation of Anesthesiologists and Resuscitators of Russia in cooperation with the Kuban State Medical University has now begun, 38 centers are participating in it, two papers have been published based on the results of an interim analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The study is of great scientific and medical and social importance, as a result of the analysis of the data obtained, the role of concomitant diseases in the development of an adverse outcome will be studied and a national risk assessment model will be developed.
A family-centered care for the professional activities of medical staff in pediatric ICU: a multicenter questionnaire study
Authors: Lazarev Vladimir V. , Vartanova K. A. , Tarakanova E. G. , Klyuev A. L. , Kopytov M. V. , Zaguzova T. A. , Ryzhenenkova I. N. , Nasyrova G. F. , Samolina I. V. , Panov I. D.
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Medical staff limits often the presence of parents in ICU with their children, citing the fact that parents can bring serious difficulties to the work of the department. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate social and psycho-emotional aspects of joint stay of a family member (parents) with a patient (child) in ICU from the viewpoint of the medical stuff. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included hospitals, which followed the principles of a family centered care (FCC) approach in the treatment of patients (median and quartiles years — 4.00 (2.00; 10.00)). The 417 questionnaires were analyzed. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Respondents assessed the working conditions and the level of their wages not higher than satisfactory in more than 30 % of the answers. In the spectrum of assistance provided by family members to a patient in the ICU, the medical staff indicated 89 % and 91.5 % respectively sanitary and hygienic care, 82 % and 81.9 % — feeding him, 32 % and 47.1 % — assistance in transportation patient. The first level of preparation of parents for caring for a patient in the ICU was 3 (2; 3) — doctors and 3 (2; 3) — nurses, and when the patient was transferred from the ICU — 4 (3; 4) and 3 (3; 4) respectively. Claims in the opinion of the medical staff from patients and parents were due to their underestimation of the complexity of the situation with the patient (58 % and 48.6 %), the characteristics of patients (33 % and 36.3 %) and their parents (48 % and 39.8 %), insufficient awareness of the patientʼs health status (nurses — 23.2 %). CONCLUSIONS: The FCC in the ICU does not introduce significant psycho-emotional and labor loads in the professional activities of medical staff and creates positive conditions for increasing the level of knowledge and skills of parents in caring for their children.
Estilo de apego y empatía en infantes tardíos, adolescentes y adultos: Revisión meta-analítica
Authors: De Sanctis Florencia , Mesurado Belén
Published: October 2022

El apego tiene un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de la empatía, la cual ayuda a las personas a interactuar y previene conductas agresivas. Aunque se cree que tener un apego seguro puede promover la empatía, no existe evidencia clara sobre la relación entre los apegos inseguros y la empatía. Consecuentemente, se realizó un metaanálisis para aclarar la relación entre los diferentes tipos de apego y la empatía desde infantes tardíos hasta adultos (9-47 años). Se incluyeron 14 estudios (11542 participantes) para el apego seguro, 7 estudios (3115 participantes) para el evitativo y 8 estudios (3479 participantes) para el ansioso-ambivalente.
Los resultados indicaron que el apego seguro se correlacionó positivamente con la empatía, el apego evitativo se correlacionó negativamente y el apego ansioso-ambivalente tuvo una relación no concluyente. Mientras que los resultados obtenidos para el apego seguro y evitativo con empatía concuerdan con la literatura, las inconsistencias en el ansioso-ambivalente pueden deberse a una dualidad de sentimientos experimentados por estos individuos, experimentando desde altos niveles de empatía (buscando aceptación) a bajos niveles de empatía (evitando emociones estresantes).
Sugerimos ampliar el límite de edad, incluir la multidireccionalidad de la empatía, el efecto del género y diferentes afiliaciones (padres, parejas) para futuros estudios.
Examining governance and performance of utility companies after mergers: a case from a municipal water company in Greece
Authors: Pazarskis Michail , Galanis Stergios , Gkatziou Maria , Kourtesi Sofia
Published: October 2022

This study deals with the governance and performance of utility companies following mergers in local government organizations (LGOs). It is demonstrated by using the municipal water supply and sewerage company in city of Serres as a case study of how the reform initiative known as “Kallikratis” has impacted Greek municipal water and sewerage companies. As a result of the Kallikratis Program, the municipalities were merged, and new data were added to the map of local government in Greece. The methodological approach entails surveying the economic analysis of raw data using a number of financial ratios (financial statements of the municipal company). The study’s findings demonstrate that the municipal company of Serres was able to plan the actions that resulted in an improvement of the majority of the examined ratios after merger events, despite the extra responsibilities and geographic areas that the Kallikratis Program added to the municipal companies and the reduction of the extraordinary subsidies as a result of the Greek debt crisis. Eleven of the fourteen ratios perform better than they did before the merger, while three of them actually perform worse (2011–2018). However, various and contradictory results about the evolution of these ratios are seen over the crisis era, as some of them initially show a partial improvement (in the midst of the economic crisis period), but then they gradually deteriorate by the end of the crisis.
Patient Satisfaction and Oral Health-related Quality of Life (ohrqol) of Edentulous People after Mandibular Denture Relining With a Soft-liner Material: A Pilot Study
Authors: Khazaleh Mosab , Dever Garth , Taylor Jane , Ramamurthy Poornima , Sharma Dileep
Published: October 2022

Background:

Oral health-related quality of life indicators have been effectively used to assess the influence of a range of dental treatments and interventions on patient satisfaction and acceptance.

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the relining of mandibular dentures with a soft-liner material, using the Oral Health Assessment Index (OHIP-14).

Methods:

Forty-two full denture wearers were selected from patients who attended 9 private prosthetic clinics in New South Wales, Australia. All participants had their lower dentures relined with a soft-liner material, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Oral health-related quality of life was evaluated before and 1 month after relining using the Oral Health Assessment Index questionnaire. A simple descriptive quantitative analysis of the survey results was undertaken, including a comparison of median scores using the Wilcoxon paired test and binomial probability test.

Results:

In all the outcome variables measured, there was a noticeable positive effect from the denture relining. Specifically, mandibular denture relining with a silicon-based soft-liner material has a positive impact on patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of edentulous patients.

Conclusion:

Patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of edentulous patients can be significantly improved by the use of soft-liner materials.
Pain Management During Labor and Delivery in a Patient with Possible Local Anesthetic Resistance: A Case Report
Authors: Aliakseyeva Aksana , Villarreal Dante , Pawlowicz Natalia
Published: October 2022

Background:

Local anesthetic resistance is a clinical entity characterized by inadequate analgesia despite technically well-performed procedures. The exact etiology and pathogenesis of this condition are not yet fully understood.

Case Presentation:

A 36-year-old Caucasian female presented to labor and delivery for induction of labor. On admission, the patient reported failure of epidural anesthesia during the previous delivery. An epidural catheter was placed, and analgesia was reported only at high doses of local anesthetic. The patient’s maximum pain level during delivery never reached a score of 2 out of 10.

Conclusion:

The most common causes of regional anesthetic failure are technical or placement failure, failure related to the local anesthetic itself, or localized infection. This patient appeared to have a true local anesthetic resistance, which was overcome by doubling the customary concentration of local anesthetic. Atypical responses to local anesthetics observed in the patient may be due to incomplete penetrance mutations in sodium channels since local anesthetics work through blocking nerve conduction by acting on these channels.
Emerging Nanomaterials in Healthcare
Authors: Marondedze E.F.
Published: October 2022

Applications of nanomaterials in the field of medicine and healthcare have been on a rapid rise in recent years. Modifiable physical, optical and electronic structures of nanomaterials enable them to be fabricated for various uses. Examples of nanoparticles widely used in the healthcare sector include, but are not limited to silica (Si), aluminium oxide (Al2O3), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), gold (Au) and zinc (Zn). Application of nanomaterials in healthcare range from, bioimaging, sensing, diagnosis, targeted drug delivery, prosthetics, cancer therapy and antibiotics. Although mechanisms behind sensing and other functions are well known, mechanisms behind the antibiotic properties need more scientific validation. In this book chapter, we focus on current uses of nanomaterials in healthcare and give a brief insight on future perspectives on nanomaterials in medicine and healthcare.
Nanomaterials and Safety Concerns to End Users
Authors: Ale A.
Published: October 2022

Nanomaterials (NM) are part of the daily life since decades, and the advantages that nanotechnology has brought to humanity in relation to the novel nanoproducts with unique properties are undeniable. However, concern about engineered NM has raised because of the lack of both regulation to the increasing production and safety assessments in users (with emphasis on workers). As robust evidence suggests toxic effects of NM on human health in case of exposure, this chapter aimed to describe not only the main applications and benefits of NM but also their fate, exposure pathway, and ultimate toxicological effects.
Nanomaterials in the Lubricant Industry
Authors: Srivastava A.
Published: October 2022

Nanomaterials in lubricants are solid particles having nanometer size (particle size ranging between 1-100 nm) and possessing intriguing tribological properties. When these nanoparticles are incorporated in the lubricating base oil, they have an add-on effect on diminishing friction, wear and tear of the two interacting surfaces in relative motion. Ideally the shape of nano-lubricants is spherical which is encountered in C60 fullerenes, carbon onions, inorganic fullerenes of metal oxides, sulphides, etc. On the other hand, they can have a cylindrical (carbon nanotubes), disc or wire shape also. Nanomaterials have arisen as environmentally-benign lubricant additives to elevate the tribological properties of the traditional lubricants utilized in the fields of automobiles and various industries. The presence of nanoparticles in lubricants enhances the mechanistic aspects of thin film (boundary film), thick film and extreme pressure lubrication. When the layer of lubricating oil is disrupted, for example, the solid nanoparticles in it can take up the load without decomposing and provide essential backup. Other advantages include excellent mechanical strength due to their compact size and stability at high temperatures and pressures. They also have the ability to adsorb on the surfaces of metal machines, preventing direct metal-to-metal contact and thereby wear and tear. These benefits include increased equipment usage, improved fuel efficiency, and increased maintenance intervals. As a result, the current chapter examines several types of nanomaterials as lubricant additives, as well as their applications and benefits in various automotive/engine/industrial lubricants.
Carbon Nanomaterials and Their Applications
Authors: Musa N.
Published: October 2022

Modern science and technology centred on carbon-based nanomaterials are changing at a fast pace, with the potential to replace or complement current systems. Carbon-based materials that can be produced and characterised at the nanoscale have become a cornerstone in nanotechnology. The morphologies and topographies of these carbon compounds can be quite diverse. As the well-known families of fullerenes and carbon nanotubes demonstrate, they can have hollow or filled frameworks and can assume a variety of forms. In this chapter, the synthesis, types, applications (water purification, bio-medical, gas sensors, and transport materials in plant breeding) and some impacts of nano-carbon materials such as nano-spheres, nano-tubes, nano-fibres, and helices are discussed.
Carbon Nanomaterials for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Swetha T.
Published: October 2022

Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become the future candidates for the replacement of silicon solar cells with an efficiency exceeding 25%. PSCs have significant features like high absorption coefficient, better carrier mobility, and tunable bandgap. Despite these advantages, there are various challenges to reaching better efficiency, durability, and cost-effectiveness. To address these challenges, there is a necessity to develop new materials and modification of the conventional device architecture. In this scenario, Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as the promising component for fabricating the PSCs. CNTs have attractive features that can offer unique advantages to enhance stability and device performance. In this chapter, we have discussed the utilization of CNTs in PSCs.
Nanoemulsions: Preparation, Properties and Applications
Authors: Gupta P.
Published: October 2022

In the last few decades, Nanoemulsions (NE) have gained significant interest among researchers because of their improved functional properties in comparison to emulsions. These include significant properties such as optical and rheological properties, coalescence, flocculation etc. It also shows excellent kinetic and thermodynamic stability. These NEs have been used in a variety of applications such as food, cosmetic and oil industries, preservatives, antimicrobial agent, in different drug delivery systems, cell culture technology etc. The chapter focuses on the various synthesis methods of Nanoemulsions. This will also provide insight about the important and useful properties. Applications in a variety of disciplines have also been discussed in detail.
Characterization of Ceramic-Ferrite Magneto-Electric Composites
Authors: Saravanan R.
Published: October 2022

Magneto-electric ceramic composites are important materials for designing new microwave sensors (e.g. field probes) and devices such as filters, attenuators, capacitive resonators, gyrators and devices for medical applications. The book presents new research results for the following composite systems: (1-x) BaTiO3 + x NiFe2O4 II (1-x); BaTiO3 + x ZnFe2O4; (1-x) BaTiO3 + x CoFe2O4 and (1-x) BaTiO3 + x MgFe2O4.
Code-mixing by Muna language speakers residing in Yogyakarta
Authors: Ana Haerun , Konisi La Yani , Taembo Maulid , Sahlan Sahlan , Yunus Yunus
Published: October 2022

This study is concerned with code-mixing phenomenon on Muna language speakers at Wisma Pahlevi, Pogung Dalangan, Yogyakarta. The objective of the study is to find out and describe the types of code mixing in Muna language speakers’ utterances. The data of this study were collected through participation, recording, and noting, and then analyzed by using morphological, semantic, and syntactic analysis. The writer used these three kinds of analysis because Muna language is a unique one. It means that one word in Muna language sometimes can be one word or one morpheme only, a phrase, a clause or a simple sentence. Based on the writer interpretation, the result of the study shows that the types of code-mixing found on Muna language speakers’ utterances residing in Yogyakarta are only code mixing on word insertion, phrase insertion, clause insertion, and reduplication insertion.
Factors caused for delays and alternatives in the Denpasar living world mall building project
Authors: Santiana I Made Anom , Wibawa I Gede Sastra , Yasa I Made Tapa , Suasira I Wayan , Sutapa I Ketut
Published: October 2022

Every construction project is always faced with the possibility of problems in the project. In reality, the implementation of construction projects always experiences obstacles that result in delays in the completion of work, so that the completion time of the work is not in accordance with the work plan that has been set. Delays that occur will cause losses for related parties, especially owners and contractors, because they are generally accompanied by conflicts, demands for time and costs, and deviations in the quality of project completion. Based on the thoughts and problems mentioned above, a research was conducted to determine the dominant factor causing delays in the execution time of work on the Denpasar Living World Mall Building Project which may be different from other projects and provide alternatives for handling the delay factor. This research was conducted at the Living World Mall Denpasar. Taking the research location based on consideration of the factor that has the most dominant influence on the delay in the implementation of the Living World Mall Development project based on the results of descriptive analysis is the Labor Factor (X2) with an RI value of 0.89.