bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodological training as the key link in competence approach implementation and education quality improving
Authors: Артемьева  , Artemyeva Svetlana
Published: April 2013

Actual aspects of modern higher professional training, such as the ways of competent approach realization while preparing of experts, requirements to organization and maintenance of students' independent work, problems of high school graduates’ methodological preparation are considered in the article.
Theoretic aspect of innovative educational process
Authors: Ковалев  , Kovalev Dmitriy
Published: April 2013

This article is devoted to the problem of searching of knowledge management modern forms and teaching situation building ways in conditions when the remote tools of information exchange are used.
Innovative approaches of high school students’ project activities
Authors: Кальней  , Kalney Vladimir
Published: April 2013

Perspectives of pupils’ project activity development as a part of temporary multiple aged creative collective together with the students of higher educational institutions are investigated in this article. Offered methodology shows the increasing of high school pupils’ motivation to study the basics of collective scientific activity process.
Analysis of Heavy Metals Accumulation in Vegetation (as exemplified in Vladimir region)
Authors: Самылина  , Samylina E. , Бирюков  , Biryukov I.
Published: April 2013

This paper is devoted to research of heavy metals accumulation by vegetation in Vladimir region (central Russia). The biological absorption coefficient was used for assessment of cumulative ability related to various heavy metals with regard to Picea abies, Vaccinium myrtillus, Hypogymnia physodes. Possible ways of heavy metals migration in the ecosystem, as well as their possible anthropogenic and natural sources have been considered. The special attention is directed on successful application of plants in environment monitoring.
Solubility phenomena related to CO2 capture and storage
Authors: De Visscher Alex , Conejo Maria S.
Published: April 2013

Capturing CO2 emissions from energy production and storing it under the ground is a potential CO2 mitigation strategy that currently receives much attention. Both CO2 capture and CO2 storage are solubility problems. This paper reviews some important solubility aspects of CO2 capture and storage that are often overlooked. Until very recently, there was not a single CO2 solubility relationship that was both applicable in a wide temperature range and thermodynamically consistent with the enthalpy of solution of CO2. Furthermore, very often the relationship used for the first acidity constant of carbonic acid as a function of temperature is inconsistent with the relationship used for the solubility constant (or Henry constant) of CO2. The removal of CO2 from a gas stream with amine solutions is usually viewed as a chemical reaction, which leads to the practice of heating to remove the CO2 from the solvent. However, viewing this process as a solubility phenomenon suggests the practice of using vacuum to remove the CO2 from the solvent, a potentially more efficient approach.
On the seam: Fiction as truth – what can art do?
Authors: Kalmanowitz Debra
Published: April 2013

This article questions the notions of fiction as truth in research and the role that visual art can play in this enquiry. Grounded in the author’s work, in the context of political violence, the article suggests that there are multiple ways of knowing, and the use of art allows
for the possibility of exploring that which may be implicit, largely unspoken, and at times not easily accessible. This potential for images to make explicit that which is not yet understood, and the potential for imagination to bridge between the enquiry and the art form, is explored. In
addition, the role that art can play at different stages of research is considered – that is, how the arts can inform the research process, how they can enhance information gathering, data collection and the possibilities of data representation
Knowing what is known: Accessing craft-based meanings in research by artists
Authors: Prior Ross W.
Published: April 2013

Much of the work of artists relies on tacit or inert understanding of their craft and consequently communicating this knowledge is not necessarily easy or straightforward. This presents many challenges for art-based researchers. It also presents teaching and learning challenges involved
in developing appropriate education and training to prepare artists. Arts practitioners have ways of knowing about themselves as ‘artists’ and it is argued in this commentary that these have grown out of their own deep and personally significant experiences. The ways in which this
knowledge is rendered also appears to be based in practical experience – that is, in particular communities of practice. Artists may typically express values and concepts that are practice based, are difficult to express in theoretical terms and reflect what is deemed by them as desirable
or preferable conditions for the execution of their art form. Socially and artistically constructed ways of knowing are formed in practice and through practice as craft-based meanings. Craft-based ways of knowing are founded on particular meanings inherent in practice that are often difficult
to communicate. By drawing upon the author’s own research into practical actor training, this exposition attempts to capture the particular types of knowledge artists possess and why these may present challenges for researchers in using more open-ended methodologies whilst ensuring they
provide validity. In doing so, this exposition also examines the fundamental question of what represents ‘evidence’ in art-based research – knowing what is known
Cognitive Problem Solving and Aggressive Behavior among Children
Authors: Fraser Mark W.
Published: April 2013

The author reviewed recent research on the way aggressive children think about social opportunities and solve social problems. On the basis of this literature, the author distills implications for refining family preservation services with antisocial, aggressive children and their families. Special emphasis is focused on the role that cognitive problem solving plays in the social development of delinquent youth.
Early Intervention Strategies with Borderline Clients
Authors: Corwin Maria DeOca
Published: April 2013

The author discusses the treatment needs of the young, self-destructive, unstable borderline client. A practice approach reformulated on the basis of recent research findings on borderline developmental history and course of illness is presented. This approach employs strategies derived from trauma recovery and brief treatment to address self-destructveness and high rates of attrition in this clinic population as well as the demands of managed mental health care for briefer, more effective treatment. Pragmatic goals and structured, focused interventions for initial contacts or the early stage of treatment are outlined and illustrated.
What Social Workers Need to Know about Client Violence
Authors: Rey Lucy D.
Published: April 2013

Client violence perpetrated against social workers has increased during the past decade as violence in society and the media has increased, social service resources decreased, and clients have become increasingly powerless. A survey of 175 licensed social workers and 98 agency directors in a western state showed that 25% of social workers had been assaulted fry a client, nearly 50% had witnessed violence in an agency, and more than 75% were fearful of workplace violence. The author summarizes the skills that social workers and agency directors need to prevent and cope with client violence. These skills range from self-awareness and client assessment to debriefing and support of the traumatized worker.
BRCA1/2 Sequence Variants of Uncertain Significance: A Primer for Providers to Assist in Discussions and in Medical Management
Authors: Lindor Noralane M. , Goldgar David E. , Tavtigian Sean V. , Plon Sharon E. , Couch Fergus J.
Published: April 2013

Introduction.

DNA variants of uncertain significance (VUS) are common outcomes of clinical genetic testing for susceptibility to cancer. A statistically rigorous model that provides a pathogenicity score for each variant has been developed to aid in the clinical management of patients undergoing genetic testing.

Methods.

The information in this article is derived from multiple publications on VUS in BRCA genes, distilled for communicating with clinicians who may encounter VUS in their practice.

Results.

The posterior probability scores for BRCA1 or BRCA2 VUS, calculated from a multifactorial likelihood model, are explained, and links for looking up specific VUS are provided. The International Agency on Cancer Research (IARC) of the World Health Organization has proposed a simple five-tier system for clinical management that is not widely known to clinicians. Classes 1 and 2 in this system are managed as neutral variants, classes 4 and 5 are managed as pathogenic variants, and class 3 variants still have insufficient evidence to move to either end of this scale and, thus, cannot be used in medical management.

Conclusions.

Development of models that integrate multiple independent lines of evidence has allowed classification of a growing number of VUS in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The pathogenicity score that is generated by this model maps to the IARC system for clinical management, which will assist clinicians in the medical management of those patients who obtain a VUS result upon testing.
Alite sulfoaluminate clinker: Rietveld mineralogical and SEM-EDX analysis
Authors: Pérez-Bravo Raquel , Álvarez-Pinazo Gema , Compana Jose M , Santacruz Isabel , Losilla Enrique R. , Bruque Sebastián , De la Torre Ángeles G.
Published: April 2013

The effect of zinc oxide and calcium fluoride on the clinkering of alite-sulfoaluminate (ACSA) materials has been studied by laboratory X-ray powder diffraction (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ACSA clinkers without the addition of calcium fluoride did not contained C3S, and showed CaOfree (5·0(1) wt%). However, by adding 0·25 wt% of calcium fluoride, the obtained clinker did not contain free lime and showed C3S (20·0(2) wt%). The suitable clinkering temperature has been proved to be 1300°C, in order to avoid C4A3S decomposition. The optimum amount of zinc oxide was found to be 1·0 wt% as the maximum percentage of C3S was formed. An ACSA clinker prepared at 1300°C with 1·0 wt% of zinc oxide and 1·0 wt% of calcium fluoride contained 34·2(2) wt% of C3S coexisting with 15·2(2) wt% of C4A3S, determined by Rietveld methodology, including amorphous content. SEM-EDX results have been statistically analysed and particles have been univocally identified. It has been proved that zinc oxide is preferentially placed in C3S.
The Scottish contribution to New Zealand's lighthouses
Authors: Nalder Guinevere Vivianne
Published: April 2013

In the period 1859–1941 the New Zealand governments built 38 major lighthouses; 30 of these were constructed during the period 1865–1897. Despite New Zealand's limited industrial base at the time, these usually represented the latest technology because New Zealand's lighthouse authorities drew directly on the existing Scottish technology. D. & T. Stevenson and its successor firms were retained as consulting engineers, firms including Milne & Son, James Dove, Chance Bros, and French glass makers manufactured lanterns and apparatus to Scottish designs, and Scottish firms supplied stores. The New Zealand lighthouse service was based on the Northern Lighthouse Board model.
Greenfield ground response to EPBM tunnelling in London Clay
Authors: STANDING J.R. , SELEMETAS D.
Published: April 2013

Earth-pressure-balance machines (EPBMs) are frequently used in preference to more conventional non-pressurised tunnel-boring machines (TBMs) to minimise ground movements in the urban environment. The greenfield ground response to EPBM tunnelling in London Clay from a field monitoring research study is presented and discussed. Vertical and horizontal displacements and pore pressure changes were measured with an extensive array of surface and subsurface instruments. Surface settlement troughs observed above the tunnels were small (wmax< 10 mm) and can be modelled using the commonly adopted inverse Gaussian curve, but a complex kinematic mechanism took place within the subsurface ground. In the near vicinity of the pressurised closed-face tunnel-boring machine an ‘expanding' displacement field was observed, in contrast to the ‘contracting' field often observed and associated with open-face tunnelling. This expanding response is dependent on TBM variables, such as face pressure, and should be contemplated when predicting ground movements and assessing subsurface structures such as piles and existing tunnels.
Integrated sustainable waste management in developing countries
Authors: Wilson David C. , Velis Costas A. , Rodic Ljiljana
Published: April 2013

This paper uses the lens of ‘integrated sustainable waste management’ to examine how cities in developing countries have been tackling their solid waste problems. The history of related concepts and terms is reviewed, and ISWM is clearly differentiated from integrated waste management, used mostly in the context of technological integration in developed countries. Instead, integrated sustainable waste management examines both the physical components (collection, disposal and recycling) and the governance aspects (inclusivity of users and service providers; financial sustainability; coherent, sound institutions underpinned by proactive policies). The data show that performance has improved significantly over the last 10 years. Levels of collection coverage and controlled disposal of 95% in middle-income and 50% in low-income cities are already commonplace. Recycling rates of 20–30% are achieved by the informal sector in many lower income countries, at no direct cost to the city – presenting a major opportunity for all key stakeholders if the persistent challenges can be resolved. The evidence suggests that efficient, effective and affordable systems are tailored to local needs and conditions, developed with direct involvement of service beneficiaries. Despite the remaining challenges, evidence of recent improvements suggests that sustainable solid waste and resources management is feasible for developing countries.
Social assessment of recycling systems – Peruvian case studies
Authors: Aparcana Sandra , Linzner Roland , Salhofer Stefan
Published: April 2013

Several formalisation approaches of informal recycling have been implemented in developing countries, aiming at its integration into formal recycling systems. These strategies are often implemented through the initiative of local recyclers and non-government organisations. The aim is to tackle not only the poor economic situation but also common social problems of the informal recycling sector, such as social rejection, lack of education and inappropriate health and working conditions. Nevertheless, the expected positive social impacts are not precisely assessed or measured. This paper aims to develop a methodological approach based on the social life cycle assessment methodology for the assessment of recycling systems in developing countries with implemented formalisation measures. A field study in three Peruvian cities shows the feasibility of applying this methodology for assessing recycling systems. The case studies displayed negative performances regarding the indicators of discrimination, recognised employment relationships, and fulfilment of social benefits, physical working conditions and access to education. Regarding freedom of association, psychological working conditions and social acceptance, the city with formalisation of (formerly informal) recyclers obtained better evaluations whereas the city without formalisation was better evaluated in terms of working time and minimum and fair wages.
Empirical Prediction of Carbon-Steel Degradation Rates on an Offshore Oil and Gas Facility: Predicting CO2 Erosion-Corrosion Pipeline Failures Before They Occur
Authors: Barker R.. , Hu X.. , Neville A.. , Cushnaghan S..
Published: April 2013

Various sections of carbon-steel pipework removed from an offshore facility were found to have experienced severe degradation, partly attributed to an insufficient inhibitor dose rate, as discussed in a previous case study (Hu et al. 2011b). An investigation was conducted to compare the predictive capability of an empirical model generated with data from a submerged-impinging-jet laboratory apparatus. The model was assessed in its ability to determine the rate of thickness loss for carbon-steel pipework subjected to a CO2-containing erosion-corrosion environment, reviewing to what extent the prediction agrees with inspection data. The investigation considers whether the developed tool could have predicted pipework failures on the facility, comparing it with the degradation rate calculated from a leak that occurred within the past 2 years. The program of experiments set out to create a means of prediction with the material-loss data from submerged-impinging-jet tests over a range of conditions replicating those within the line. Information pertaining to the temperature, production rate, and sand loading was collated for the offshore facility. These data were used along with mass-loss results to predict the degradation rate on the asset as a function of time over a 5-year period. This in turn was used to predict the total thickness loss of the pipework wall as a function of time. Consideration was also given to the current use of inhibition (10 ppm Inhibitor A) as well as the predicted thickness losses as a function of time had a candidate inhibitor been used instead (50 ppm Inhibitor B). Limitations of the model are presented, along with suggestions for ways to develop the model further.
Improved Predictability of In-Situ-Combustion Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Kovscek A.R.. R. , Castanier L.M.. M. , Gerritsen M.G.. G.
Published: April 2013

In-situ combustion (ISC) possesses advantages over surface-generated steam injection for deep reservoirs in terms of wellbore heat losses and generation of heat above the critical point of water. ISC also has dramatically lower requirements for water and natural gas, and potentially a smaller surface footprint, in comparison with steam. In spite of its apparent advantages, prediction of the likelihood of successful ISC is unclear. Conventionally, combustion tube tests of a crude oil and rock are used to infer that ISC works at reservoir scale and estimate the oxygen requirements. Combustion tube results may lead to field-scale simulation on a coarse grid with upscaled Arrhenius reaction kinetics. As an alternative, we suggest a comprehensive workflow to predict successful combustion at the reservoir scale. The method is derived from experimental laboratory data and simulation models at all scales. In our workflow, a sample of crushed reservoir rock or an equivalent synthetic sample is mixed with water/brine and the crude-oil sample. The mixture is placed in a kinetics cell reactor and oxidized at different heating rates. An isoconversional method is used to estimate kinetic parameters vs. temperature and combustion characteristics of the sample. Results from the isoconversional interpretation provide a first screen of the likelihood that a combustion front is propagated successfully. Then, a full-physics simulation of the kinetics cell experiment is used to predict the flue gas composition. The model combines a detailed pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) analysis of the multiphase system and a multistep reaction model. A mixture identical to that tested in the kinetics cell is also burned in a combustion tube experiment. Temperature profiles along the tube, as well as the flue gas compositions, are measured during the experiment. A high-resolution simulation model of the combustion tube test is developed and validated. Finally, the high-resolution model is used as a basis for scaling up the reaction model to field dimensions. Field-scale simulations do not use Arrhenius kinetics. As a result, significant stiffness is removed from the finite-difference simulation of the governing equations. Preliminary field-scale simulation shows little sensitivity to gridblock size, and the computational work per timestep is much reduced.
Water and Salt Status of Bare Soil and Turfgrass Systems Irrigated with Recycled Water
Authors: Devitt Dale A. , Wright Lena , Young Michael H.
Published: April 2013

Recycled water is used extensively in the southwestern United States as an alternative source of water for irrigation. However, using such waters require proper management to avoid excessive salt loading and N leaching. A study was conducted to assess the impact of recycled water on the water and salt status of Boulder City loamy sand (BC) and North Las Vegas sandy loam (NLV) soils left bare or planted to turfgrass with leaching fractions (LF = drainage volume/irrigation volume) of 0.05 or 0.25. It took as long as 375 d for drainage to occur in one of the NLV 0.05 LF lysimeters, with a prediction of 820 d for the first pore volume of drainage (PV = drainage volume/unsaturated soil water volume in storage). Crop coefficients (Kc) and evaporation coefficients (Ke) revealed a significant soil × LF interaction (P < 0.05) with a statistical separation between turfgrass grown in the NLV soil under a 0.25 LF (Kc = 1.17) vs. all other turfgrass treatments (Kc = 0.99) and also with regards to Ke (0.91 vs. 0.52). Displacement of salts and specific ions were linked to PVs of drainage and soil type. In the case of the NLV lysimeters, the Na leached was related to the Mg leached in a sigmoidal fashion (r2 = 0.96, P < 0.001) whereas the Ca leached decreased as the Mg leached increased in a curvilinear fashion (P < 0.05). Nitrogen leaching in Year 2 under turfgrass irrigated with recycled water averaged 2 ± 3% of N applied; suggesting that properly managed turfgrass could function as an excellent bio‐filter.
Type 2 Translational Research for CKD
Authors: Tuttle Katherine R. , Tuot Delphine S. , Corbett Cynthia L. , Setter Stephen M. , Powe Neil R.
Published: April 2013

Strategies to effectively treat people with CKD have been identified by conventional clinical research. Despite this evidence, awareness, screening, detection, diagnosis, risk factor control, treatment, and outcomes remain substandard. Translating clinical evidence into actionable measures that reduce the burden of CKD is a pressing need. Expansion from a “bench-to-bedside” paradigm (conventional type 1 translation) to research that encompasses “clinic and community” is the core concept of type 2 translation. Specifically, this is the discipline of identifying factors and using strategies that lead to adoption, maintenance, and sustainability of science-based interventions in practice. This review identifies key elements of type 2 translational research and highlights the current scope of this type of research for CKD. For type 2 translation to achieve the goals of providing high-quality care and better health outcomes, key facilitators (e.g., theory-based frameworks, adaptable interventions, and inclusion of sustainability and evaluation metrics) and essential elements (e.g., multidisciplinary team care, health information technology, and stakeholder engagement) must be integrated. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases recently funded five proposals that aim to improve outcomes for people with CKD, focusing on diverse components of the healthcare continuum: patient safety and transitions; delivery of high-quality, evidence-based CKD care; and elimination of disparities. The need for type 2 translational research in CKD is urgent because of preventable human suffering and unsustainable costs of providing care. Focus on the theory, framework, and approaches we have suggested may help us meet that challenge.
Phlebotonic and Compression Stocking Therapy in Venous Edema Management: An Overview of Recent Advances with a Focus on Cyclo 3 Fort® and Progressive Compression Stockings
Authors: Carpentier Patrick , Allaert François-André , Chudek Jerzy , Mosti Giovanni
Published: April 2013

Venous edema of the limb presents several challenges to clinicians, particularly with regard to its definition, pathophysiology and measurement, as well as those relating to its management. Compression therapy forms the cornerstone of standard care for thromboprophylaxis and management of lower limb venous and lymphatic disorders. Venoactive drugs, of plant or synthetic origin, have also been shown to be effective and safe in the management of venous edema and/or chronic venous disease-related symptoms. This article, based on a symposium held at the XXV World Congress of the International Union of Angiology on 2–5 July 2012 (Prague, Czech Republic), provides an overview of some of the recent developments in the use of phlebotonic and compression therapy in the management of patients with lower limb venous edema, with a focus on Cyclo 3 Fort® and progressive compression stockings.
Potentials of Serbian livestock production: Outlook and future
Authors: Petrovic M.M. , Aleksic S. , Petrovic M.P. , Petrovic M. , Pantelic V. , Novakovic Z. , Ruzic-Muslic D.
Published: April 2013

The paper describes the state of the livestock production in the Republic of
Serbia including preliminary results from the 2012 census: according to
preliminary data, 908.990 heads of cattle, 3.403.288 pigs, 1.729.278 sheep
and 235.576 goats are reared in Serbia. Structural and institutional
measures, and measures of credit support should be the main instruments for
achieving the goals of progress in animal husbandry. Activities in the
breeding-selection work should be carried out in accordance with the
recommendations of international organizations (ICAR, INTERBULL, EAAP). One
of the most important outcome of these activities should result in a level of
over 80% of the total population of cattle, pigs, sheep and other species of
domestic farm animals in Serbia included in the control of production
performance (presently between 25 and 30%). Genetic improvement of cattle,
sheep and pigs (milk, meat) is very complex. More efficient use of
reproductive technologies (AI - artificial insemination and embryo transfer
ET, etc.), also of methods for evaluation of breeding value of farm animals
through new methods of evaluation of breeding value of cows and breeding
bulls will contribute to faster genetic improvement of production traits of
these species of domestic animals. New knowledge in mapping and gene
transfer, marker assisted selection, in vitro embryo development, embryo
cloning, sexing, etc., are improving rapidly, with new technologies being
developed permanently. Breeding/improvement of cattle, sheep and pigs in
through breeding - selection work should facilitate further improvement of
fertility traits, growth rate, feed efficiency, carcass quality (higher
percentage of muscle tissue in the body), the quality of milk and meat,
resistance to disease and stress, etc..
Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC): Viral and bacterial pathogens in Serbia
Authors: Kurcubic V. , Djokovic R. , Vidanovic D. , Sekler M. , Matovic K. , Ilic Z. , Stojkovic J.
Published: April 2013

Pathogens causing BRDC in Serbia were investigated. Two herds of beef cattle
with bovine respiratory disease were included, with twenty diseased calves
(10 from each farm) were chosen for isolation of bacteria on artificial
culture media and determination by aerobic cultivation. The most common
bacterial pathogen was isolated was Pasteurella multocida. Diffusion method
of sensitivity to antibiotics (antibiogram), revealed that Enrofloxacin and
Floron were most efficient antibiotics against Pasteurella multocida isolates
(100 % isolates sensitive on both antibiotics). From the all examined samples
(n=20) using the method of Real Time PCR (RT-PCR and PCR) we determined the
genome sequences of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), but in none of
the samples genome of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine
herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1).
Evaluation of reverse transcription-PCR protocols based on the fusion gene for diagnosis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections
Authors: Selim A. , Gaede W.
Published: April 2013

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a pneumovirus in the family
paramyxoviridae, is an important cause of acute respiratory disease in
postweaning calves and feedlot cattle. The real-time reverse transcriptase
PCR protocols were developed to detect BRSV infection in infected animals.
The sensitivity of RT-PCR protocols based on fusion gene were evaluated using
different Mastermixes such as Qiagen One Step RT-PCR (Qiagen) for
conventional RT-PCR, Superscrip probe (Invitrogen) and QuentiTec probe
(Qiagen) for realtime RT-PCR with and without internal control. The detection
limit of different RT-PCR protocols using serial dilutions from BRSV plasmid
and based on different probes was 10 RNA copies/ml. Furthermore, the
specificity of real-time RT-PCR was evaluated using different bacterial and
viral strains which can be isolated from respiratory infected animals. In
another side, the real-time RT-PCR in combination with ?-actin and
conventional RT-PCR showed detectable Ctvalues only with BRSV strain.
Rooster body weight influence on the reproductive performance of the broiler parents
Authors: Djermanovic V. , Mitrovic S. , Djekic V.
Published: April 2013

In this research influence of the rooster body weight on reproductive
performance of broiler parents was examined for Ross 308 and Cobb 500
hybrids. At the beginning of the productive cycle (24 weeks of age) for
roosters Ross 308 hybrids average body weight of 3,030.00 g has been
determined, while for Cobb 500 rooster average body weight was 3,045.00 g. In
the 42nd week of age (middle of productive cycle), body weight of Ross 308
roosters was 4,306.00 g and 4,323.00 g for Cobb 500 roosters, while at the
end of productive cycle in the 61st week of age Ross 308 hybrids had average
4.908,00 g and Cobb 500 had 4,918.50 g. Determined differences in body weight
of roosters (15.00 g, 17.00 g and 10.50 g) in specific periods of productive
cycle, as well as difference in body weight for the entire productive cycle
(19.97 g) were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Between rooster body
weight and fertilized eggs laying intensity positive statistically
significant (P<0.001; P<0.01; P<0.05) correlation coefficients were
determined. Between rooster body weight and hatchability percentage of the
chicks positive statistically significant (P<0.001; P<0.01; P<0.05)
correlation coefficients were determined for both hybrids. However, based on
correlation coefficient it has been determined that rooster body weight had
positive influence on laying intensity of fertilized eggs till 58th week of
age (Ross 308) and 60th week of age (Cobb 500), while on hatchability of
chicks it had positive influence till 58th week of age for both hybrids.
Performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chicks as influenced by multienzyme addition to starter diets containing palm kernel meal
Authors: Aya V.E. , Ayanwale B.A. , Ijaiya A.T. , Aremu A.
Published: April 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the performance and nutrient
digestibility in broiler chicks as influenced by multi-enzyme (Hemicell
+Roxazyme G) addition to starter diets containing palm kernel meal. Nine
experimental diets were formulated such that diet 1 which served as control
contained 0 % PKM without enzyme supplementation. Diet 2, 3, 4 and 5
contained 10, 20, 30 and 40 % PKM levels respectively with multi-enzyme
supplementation while diets 6, 7, 8 and 9 contained 10, 20, 30 and 40 % PKM
inclusion levels respectively without multi-enzyme supplementation. Five
hundred and forty (540) day old hybro broilers of mixed sex in ratio (1: 1)
were randomly assigned to nine diets in a completely randomized design. Each
treatment was replicated thrice with 20 birds per replicate. The experiment
lasted 35 days. The results showed that nutrient digestibility in the control
and 10 % PKM with enzyme supplementation were similar but were significantly
(P<0.05) higher than other PKM diets with or without supplementation. There
was significant (P<0.05) improvement in body weight and body weight gain and
reduce feed intake with supplementation. Birds fed with 20 % PKM with enzyme
showed similarity with control birds in all the performance parameters
measured. Enzyme addition significantly (P<0.05) reduced cost of feed
consumed at 30 % level of inclusion with PKM while cost per kilogram weight
gain and cost of production were lower at 20 % PKM level.
The effect of carbohydrate additive and inoculation on quality of red clover silage
Authors: Dinic B. , Djordjevic N. , Terzic D. , Blagojevic M. , Markovic J. , Jevtic G. , Vukic-Vranjes M.
Published: April 2013

In this experiment, wilted masses of red clover of cultivar K-17 from the
first cut was ensiled in three treatments: a) no additives, b) with the
addition of corn (6% of biomass) and c) with the addition of inoculant
BioStabil Plus. The experiment design was according to the method of a
completely random plan (single factorial trial) in triplicates. Based on the
results it can be concluded that the wilted biomass of red clover can be
successfully ensiled without additives. However, the inoculation of red
clover biomass achieves the most favourable pH value (4.20), the lowest level
of degradation of the protein expressed in the amount of NH3-N (107.7 gkg-1
N), the largest production of lactic acid (91.3 gkg-1 DM) and acetic acid
(42.6 gkg-1 DM), in the absence of butyric acid. Adding maize meal in the
amount of 6% contributed to somewhat more favourable fermentation and
increase of the energy value of silage. When using the DLG and Weissbach
methods for assessing the quality of silage, all silages were classified into
the first class. Contrary to this, according to the Zelter method, control
and inoculated silages were evaluated as class III, because of the large
amounts of acetic acid. In practices inoculants based on homo-and
hetero-fermentative bacteria of lactic acid fermentation are recommended for
use, because the increased production of acetic acid contributes positively
to te aerobic stability of silage.
The influence of nutrition on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) meat quality
Authors: Vranic D. , Trbovic D. , Djinovic-Stojanovic J. , Baltic R. , Milijasevic M. , Lilic S. , Spiric A.
Published: April 2013

Feed of high quality is one of the most important parameter which influences
fish growth, feed conversion and chemical composition of fish meat in
conditions of intensive fish farming. Studies on the influence of two
commercial diets on nutritional quality and production results in rainbow
trout intensive farming conditions in Pond I and Pond II were undertaken.
Obtained values for proteins and fats in feed were significantly higher
(p<0.001) in Diet II comparing to Diet I. The average water and ash content
was significantly higher (p<0.001) in Diet I in relation to Diet II. The
average length and mass of fish were higher in Pond I in relation to Pond II.
Calculated values for condition factors, Kf, indicate to a higher production
results in Pond II (1.81) in relation to Pond I (1.22). There were not
significant differences (p>0.05) in the average content of proteins and ash
in fillets of fish from Pond I (17.43% and 1.19%, respectively) and Pond II
(18.69% and 1.29%, respectively). The average content of water was
significantly higher (p<0.001) in fillets of fish from Pond I (79.87%)
comparing to fillets of fish from Pond II (75.40%). Average content of fat in
fillets of trout from Pond II (4.17%) was around three times higher than the
average content of fat in fillets of trout from Pond I (1.41%), (p<0.001).
Results for energy values (348.44 kJ/100g- Pond I and 471.38 kJ/100g- Pond
II) are in a direct correlation with the content of fat in fish. The average
content of cholesterol in fillets of trout from Pond II (70.12 mg/100g) was
significantly higher (p<0.001) than in fillets of trout from Pond I (44.11
mg/100g). The obtained data indicate to a positive influence of fat content
in the diet on fat content, energy value and production results in rainbow
trout production in Pond II. Lower water temperature established in Pond II
(8?C) comparing to Pond I (13?C) might have had additional influence on the
nutritional quality and production results in Pond II, as well.
A DSL for the development of software agents working within a semantic web environment
Authors: Demirkol Sebla , Challenger Moharram , Getir Sinem , Kosar Tomaz , Kardas Geylani , Mernik Marjan
Published: April 2013

Software agents became popular in the development of complex software
systems, especially those requiring autonomous and proactive behavior. Agents
interact with each other within a Multi-agent System (MAS), in order to
perform certain defined tasks in a collaborative and/or selfish manner.
However, the autonomous, proactive and interactive structure of MAS causes
difficulties when developing such software systems. It is within this
context, that the use of a Domain-specific Language (DSL) may support easier
and quicker MAS development methodology. The impact of such DSL usage could
be clearer when considering the development of MASs, especially those working
on new challenging environments like the Semantic Web. Hence, this paper
introduces a new DSL for Semantic Web enabled MASs. This new DSL is called
Semantic web Enabled Agent Language (SEA_L). Both the SEA_L user-aspects and
the way of implementing SEA_L are discussed in the paper. The practical use
of SEA_L is also demonstrated using a case study which considers the modeling
of a multi-agent based e-barter system. When considering the language
implementation, we first discuss the syntax of SEA_L and we show how the
specifications of SEA_L can be utilized during the code generation of real
MAS implementations. The syntax of SEA_L is supported by textual modeling
toolkits developed with Xtext. Code generation for the instance models are
supplied with the Xpand tool.
Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium fumiculosum
Authors: Jakovljevic Violeta , Milicevic Jasmina , Stojanovic Jelica , Solujic Slavica , Vrvic Miroslav
Published: April 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the biological and chemical activity
on two species of fungi of the genus Penicillium isolated from wastewater. On
the selected species of fungi the different antioxidant activity assays were
carried out: DPPH free-radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant
activity, Fe2+- chelating ability and Fe3+- reducing power. Total phenol
content was also determinate for ethanolic extract of mycelia. Penicillium
chrysogenum ethanolic extract contained higher total phenolic content and
better total antioxidant capacity as well as ferrous ion chelating ability.
Penicillium fumiculosum ethanolic extract showed higher DPPH free-radical
scavenging activity, as well as reducing power. Based on the obtained results
it can be concluded that two types of fungi are potential new sources of
natural antioxidants.
Industrial emerging chemicals in the environment
Authors: Vojinovic-Miloradov Mirjana , Turk-Sekulic Maja , Radonic Jelena , Milic Natasa , Grujic-Letic Nevena , Mihajlovic Ivana , Milanovic Maja
Published: April 2013

In the recent time, considerable interest has grown concerning the presence
of the emerging industrial chemicals, EmIC. They are contaminants that have
possible pathway to enter to the environment and they are dominantly released
by industrial and anthropogenic activities. EmIC are applied in different
fields using as industrial chemicals (new and recently recognized), global
organic contaminants (flame retardant chemicals), pharmaceuticals (for both
human and animal uses), endocrine-modulating compounds, biological
metabolites, personal care products, household chemicals, nanomaterial
(energy storage products, lubricants), anticorrosive and agriculture
chemicals and others that are applied to a wide variety of everyday items
such as clothing, upholstery, electronics and automobile interiors. NORMAN
(Network of reference laboratories for monitoring of emerging environmental
pollutants) has established an open, dynamic, list of emerging substances and
pollutants. EmIC have been recently detected in the environment due to their
long-term presence, pseudo-persistence and increased use. Improvements in
sophisticated analytical methods and time integrative passive sampling have
enabled the identification and quantification of EmIC, in very low
concentrations (ppb, ppt and lower), which likely have been present in all
environmental mediums for decades. Passive technology is an innovative
technique for the time-integrated measurement of emerging contaminants in
water, sediment, soil and air. Passive samplers are simple handling
cost-effective tool that could be used in environmental monitoring
programmes. These devices are now being considered as a part of an emerging
strategy for monitoring a range of emerging industrial chemicals and priority
pollutants in the aquatic environment. EmIC are substances that are not
included in the routine monitoring programmes and whose fate, behaviour and
(eco)toxicological effects are still not well understood. Emerging pollutants
have no regulatory standards based on peer-reviewed science. EmIC might
jeopardize aquatic environment. The first screening analyses of emerging
industrial and priority organic contaminants in the Danube surface water, in
the vicinity of Novi Sad, have been done and approximately more than 140
compounds have been registered. The new sampling campaign, screening and
target analyses are in progress.
Effect of modified atmosphere and vacuum packaging on selected chemical parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and carp (Cyprinus carpio) cuts freshness
Authors: Babic Jelena , Dimitrijevic Mirjana , Milijasevic Milan , Djordjevic Vesna , Petronijevic Radivoj , Grbic Slaven , Spiric Aurelija
Published: April 2013

The purpose of food packing in modified atmosphere is to extend its
sustainability by preventing both biochemical processes and growth of
spoilage bacteria. Gases or their mixtures which are mostly used in the
modified atmosphere food packing technology are carbon-dioxide (CO2), oxygen
(O2) and nitrogen (N2). The aim of our research was to examine the influence
of packaging in modified atmosphere and vacuum on the total volatile basic
nitrogen (TVB-N) content and pH in muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus
mykiss) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio), as well as to determine the most
suitable gas mixtures for packing of these freshwater species. Three sample
groups of trout and carp cuts were investigated. The first two groups were
packaged in modified atmosphere with different gas ratios: 60%CO2+40%N2 (I
group) and 40%CO2+60%N2 (II group), whereas the samples from third, control
group, (III group) were vacuum packaged. During trials samples were stored in
refrigerator at +3?C. Determination of TVB-N and pH was performed on 1st, 7th
and 14th day of storage. The obtained results indicate that the investigated
mixtures of gases and vacuum as well had a significant influence on the
values of TVB-N in trout and carp cuts samples. The lowest increase in TVB-N
was established in trout and carp cuts samples from the group I, whereas the
highest increase was established in samples from group III. Statistical
significant difference (p < 0,001) between the average values of TVB-N for
trout (I group: 18,17 ? 0,93; II group: 20,90 ? 0,81 and III group: 36,18 ?
2,65 mg N/100 g ) and carp cuts (I group: 26,74 ? 1,48; II group: 30,02 ?
0,31 and III group: 35,10 ? 1,75 mg N/100 g) was established on 14th day. The
lowest pH value was established in samples packaged in modified atmosphere
with 60% CO2 +40% N2 (I group). On 14th day of testing the obtained value was
6,15 ? 0,09 for trout and 5,94 ? 1,11 for carp samples. Increase in pH value
in trout samples packed in vacuum was established during the whole period of
investigation (p < 0,001), while in carp cuts samples packaged in vacuum the
increase in pH value (p < 0,05) was established up to 7th day of testing.
Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that gas mixture consisting
of 60% CO2 and 40% N2 was the most suitable for packaging of fresh trout and
carp cuts in terms of selected chemical parameters, such as TVB-N and pH.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids in health and disease
Authors: Ristic-Medic Danijela , Vucic Vesna , Takic Marija , Karadzic Ivana , Glibetic Marija
Published: April 2013

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are necessary for overall health. The two
PUFAs families, n-6 and n-3 fatty acid are physiologically and metabolically
distinct. Proportion of PUFAs in serum and erythrocyte phospholipids is an
important determinant of both health and disease, and depends on endogenous
metabolism controlled by genetic polymorphisms and dietary intake. Both n-3
and n-6 PUFAs are processed to powerful promoters of eicosanoids synthesis at
the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase level. Evidence from observational and
intervention studies suggest that n-3 PUFAs are cardioprotective, perhaps
through their anti-inflammatory, anti-arrhythmic, lipid-lowering, and
antihypertensive effects. In contrast, dietary n-6 PUFAs have
pro-inflammatory effect. Low n-3 and elevated n-6 PUFAs levels were found in
patients with cancer on different sites. The present review will focus on the
current knowledge related to PUFAs intake and status in health and disease,
with reference to the Serbian population.
Design and installation of a hot water layer system at the Tehran research reactor
Authors: Mirmohammadi Sayedeh , Gharib Morteza , Ebrahimzadeh Parnian , Amrollahi Reza
Published: April 2013

A hot water layer system (HWLS) is a novel system for reducing radioactivity
under research reactor containment. This system is particularly useful in
pool-type research reactors or other light water reactors with an open pool
surface. The main purpose of a HWLS is to provide more protection for
operators and reactor personnel against undesired doses due to the radio-
activity of the primary loop. This radioactivity originates mainly from the
induced radioactivity contained within the cooling water or probable minute
leaks of fuel elements. More importantly, the bothersome radioactivity is
progressively proportional to reactor power and, thus, the HWLS is a partial
solution for mitigating such problems when power upgrading is planned.
Following a series of tests and checks for different parameters, a HWLS has
been built and put into operation at the Tehran research reactor in 2009. It
underwent a series of comprehensive tests for a period of 6 months. Within
this time-frame, it was realized that the HWLS could provide a better
protection for reactor personnel against prevailing radiation under
containment. The system is especially suitable in cases of abnormality, e. g.
the spread of fission products due to fuel failure, because it prevents the
mixing of pollutants developed deep in the pool with the upper layer and thus
mitigates widespread leakage of radioactivity.
Energy loss distributions of 7 TeV protons channeled in a bent silicon crystals
Authors: Stojanov Nace , Petrovic Srdjan , Neskovic Nebojsa
Published: April 2013

The energy loss distributions of relativistic protons axially channeled
through the bent <100> Si crystals, with the constant curvature radius, R =
50 m, are studied here. The proton energy is 7 TeV and the thickness of the
crystal is varied from 1 mm to 5 mm, which corresponds to the reduced crystal
thickness, L, from 2.1 to 10.6, respectively. The proton energy was chosen in
accordance with the large hadron collider project, at the European
Organization for Nuclear Research, in Geneva, Switzerland. The energy loss
distributions of the channeled protons were generated by the computer
simulation method using the numerical solution of the proton equations of
motion in the transverse plane. Dispersion of the proton scattering angle
caused by its collisions with the crystal?s electrons was taken into account.