bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematics of the American Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Communication 11
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: June 2023

A new material on the Neotropical genera Lichenomorphus Cadena-Castaсeda, 2011, Dissonulichen Cadena-Castaсeda, 2011, Theia Brunner-Wattenwyl, 1891, Hetaira Brunner-Wattenwyl, 1891 and Anaulacomera Stål, 1873 (Phaneropterinae) are considered with description of one new subgenus, 16 new species and six new subspecies: Euceraicerca subgen. nov. from Anaulacomera s. l.; L. dietrichi sp. nov. from Panama (Chiriqui Prov.); L. piraniucayali subsp. nov. from Peru (Ucayali Department); D. roseola sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); Th. (Theia) albamacula sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); Th. (Th.) sergeii sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); H. (Hetaira) miaria sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (Cervicercora) tshugaevae sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) lehnfeldae sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) cristalica sp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department); A. (C.) rectiapex cusco subsp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) abrupta sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) a. neglecta subsp. nov. from Peru (Junin Department); A. (C.) superapex hamata subsp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) lativenosa sp. nov. from Peru (Loreto Department); A. (C.) l. serrata subsp. nov. from Peru (Junin and Cusco Departments); A. (C.) angustissima sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) rotundiloba sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (C.) abbreviata urubamba subsp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (Oecella) panama sp. nov. from Panama (Panama Prov.); A. (Oe.?) leonidi sp. nov. from Peru (Junin and Cusco Departments); A. (?) minicercata sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco Department); A. (?) viadanocerca sp. nov. from Peru (Cusco and Junin Departments). Previously unknown female and male of H. (Atopana) morona Gorochov, 2014 and H. (H.) angusta Gorochov, 2014, respectively, are described. Some new data on geographical distribution of a few species are also given.
Rigidity of partially concreted steel beams and steelreinforced floors
Authors: Konin D. V.
Published: June 2023

The use of steel-reinforced (composite) floor structures with partially concreted steel beams and prefabricated flooring elements is an effective solution in terms of reducing the material consumption and increasing the structural rigidity. The experimental results of partially concreted composite beams and beams as part of full-size ceilings are studied and analyzed herein. It is shown that the stiffness graph of simple steel-reinforced concrete beams of any shape can be divided into 3 stages: an initial stiffness drop, normal operation, and transition to the limit state with subsequent destruction. The boundaries of these stages are identified for each beam type. The stiffness of the combined cross-section of the partially concreted beam with the rod reinforcement is calculated using well-known formulas from regulatory documents. The element rigidity without rod reinforcement is determined with the decreasing coefficient. Tests of full-size ceilings with partially concreted beams and prefabricated floors confirm the possibility of using standard formulas for the stiffness calculation. However, the width of the compressed concrete flange should be taken into account by less than 3 times than for monolithic slab. The destruction of bending composite structure is accompanied by plastic deformation in flanges of I-beam, destruction of compressed concrete and steel–concrete interaction. However, it does not lead to zeroing of its rigidity. When residual stiffness reaches the ultimate strength state, it is at least 60–70 % of its normative value. This rigidity can be used for the progressive collapse analysis of buildings.
MgAl2O4-based glass ceramics synthesized by thermal plasma melting
Authors: Shekhovtsov V. V.
Published: June 2023

The relevance of research and application of glass-ceramic materials based on spinel (MgAl2O4) is due to its unique properties such as strength, heat resistance, and high thermal conductivity. These properties make spinel a popular material for creating hi-tech products and coatings.

The paper presents the experimental results of the production spinel-based glass ceramics with the silicon dioxide content 10 to 50 wt.%. Thermal plasma melting is used obtain glassceramic samples, at 10 kW power and 90 s melting time. The obtained samples are studied by XRF, EDX, IRFS, SEM methods.

It is shown that the introduction of SiO2 in the amount of not over 20 wt.% into the mixture with stoichiometric spinel, phase transformations with the formation of binary 2MgO·SiO2, MgO·SiO2, 3Al2O3·2SiO2 compounds do not occur. With increasing SiO2 content from 30 to 50 wt.%, the effect from SiO2 is significant, a quasi-amorphous phase appears in the material matrix. At the same time, the SiO2 content of 30 wt.% provides weak intensity of the stoichiometric crystalline phase MgAl2O4 at 2θ = 36.6, 44.7, 59.3, 65.4 degrees. Samples with the SiO2 content 40 to 50 wt.% are X-ray amorphous. In this case, the diffusion halo narrows due to the dominance of Si4+ during the lattice formation. This phenomenon is also confirmed by IRFS results.

Based on SEM observations, a complete dissolution of the MgAl2O4 crystalline phase occurs. When the content of SiO2 is 30 to 40 wt.%, dissolution of the spinel crystalline phase is accompanied by the formation of local regions rich in Mg and Al, i.e., differentiation proceeds in the condensed phase.

The research results will be of interest for the development of heat-shielding materials, and can be used for the catalyst development, in electronics and other industries producing hi-tech ceramics.
Efficiency coefficient of water supply and removal as an assessment factor of further operation
Authors: Prodous O. A. , Shlyichkov D. I.
Published: June 2023

During operation, pipeline hydraulic characteristics change due to the presence of sedimentary layers in pipes. The efficiency coefficient in an important parameter for the evaluation of the pipeline operation.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to prove the necessity of using the efficiency coefficient in the hydraulic analysis of water supply and removal with internal sedimentary layers in pipes in order to predict their hydraulic characteristics with any (measured) thickness of the sedimentary layer.

Methodology: Dependences used herein are repeatedly published by the authors.

Research findings: Calculation tables are developed to design the reference manual "Calculation tables for hydraulic analysis of water removal in pipes with sedimentary layers".

Practical implication: The proposed values of the efficiency coefficient of water supply and removal can be used in hydraulic calculations to predict the hydraulic potential of pipes with sedimentary layers.
Modification of conditions and properties of dispersed reinforcing fiber during construction and operation of asphalt concrete pavements
Authors: Lukashevich V. N , Lukashevich O. D.
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Identification of deformation presence or absence, fiber destruction in manufacturing asphalt concrete mixes contain ning polymer fiber.

Methodology: Initial dispersed reinforcing fiber made of thermoplastic fiber-forming polymer and mineral thread, fiber extracted from asphalt concrete, and fiber exposed to weather conditions are investigated using a weatherometer IP-1-3. Аn MIM-10 metallographic microscope is used for the metallographic analysis. The infrared spectrophotometer SPECORD M-80 is used for the material identification. Physicochemical tests of fiber are carried out in a certified laboratory "Khimvolokno".

Research findings: Dispersed reinforcing fiber made of thermoplastic fiber-forming polymers show deformation in compacting the asphalt-concrete mix at impact points of mineral material grains. At the same time, mineral fiber used as a dispersed reinforcement is not subjected to such deformation. The fiber properties are not affected by natural and climatic factors. It is found that natural and climatic factors do not cause the fiber destruction in dispersed reinforcement. The properties of reinforcing fiber slightly change, which allows them to perform a reinforcing function throughout the established service life of asphalt concrete pavements. Indentation of mineral material grains into fiber made of thermoplastic polymers leads to fiber jamming by grains, that prevents them from being pulled out, that, in turn, increases strength and rheological properties of asphalt concrete.

Value: The analysis of chemical fiber characteristics is requireв to satisfy the growing interest in dispersed reinforcement of asphalt concrete. The quality of polymer fiber used for reinforcement can be changed under the influence of external factors and affect the quality of road pavements.
Arrangement of capillary barrier made of injected solution to prevent subgrade frost heaving
Authors: Razuvaev D. A. , Chakhlov M. G.
Published: June 2023

The problem of road pavement deterioration due to the forces of frost heave on operating roads remains highly relevant for many regions of Russia.

One of the effective methods for regulating the magnitude of frost heave in the roadbed of highways under unfavorable soil-climatic conditions is the installation of a capillary barrier. This method, using injection methods for soil transformation, has been previously justified by the authors based on field and laboratory research.

However, for practical implementation of the proposed method, the key unresolved research tasks are the determination of the calculated depth of the capillary barrier within the roadbed and its optimal thickness.

In this regard, the aim of the research is to provide a calculated justification for the boundaries of the capillary barrier made from injected solution to prevent frost heave in the roadbed.

The methodological basis of the study includes theoretical research methods such as abstraction, analysis, and synthesis.

The article formulates the condition for transitioning from an "open" freezing system to a "closed" system and proposes criteria for creating a capillary barrier. A solution is obtained to determine the maximum thickness of the capillary barrier, which depends on the properties of its material and the coefficient of moisture conductivity. The solution to the problem of locating the capillary barrier within the structure of the operating roadbed is presented, based on correlating the zone of intensive moisture transfer with the isotherms of temperatures in the freezing massif.
Preservation of cultural landscape in the historical Siberian city
Authors: Skudneva M. V.
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The aim of this work is to discusses the main periods of the cultural landscape formation in the historical Siberian city.

Design/methodology/approach: This research is required to preserve the cultural landscape in the historical city during its construction and reconstruction. The paper presents the data analysis and refinement obtained during the literature review in the field of architecture and urban planning in Siberia. Applied are the full-scale survey methods, functional and graph-analytic analyses.

Research findings: The data obtained allow identifying the main periods of the cultural landscape formation and development in the historical Siberian city interacting with natural landscape elements. The main theses are formulated for the preservation of the cultural landscape in the historical Siberian city.
Coordinated transport system in territory and transportation development in urban areas
Authors: Shesterov E. A.
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The development of the main aspects of coordinating various types of urban transport taking into account current trends in the formation the transport infrastructure.

Methodology/approach: Stop-watch reading, visual examination of the road and pedestrian traffic.

Research findings: Identified were placed that require reducing the time of transfer in transport, improving its convenience and increasing the traffic potential.

Practical implications: The proposed methodology to assess the interaction between different types of urban transport implies a rational traffic distribution.

Value: The paper determines the need to improve regulatory, methodological and organizational framework in the transport system coordination at various stages of territory and transport planning in urban areas.
Engineering issues in restoration. Cultural deposit growth effect on preservation of stone churches in Tomsk
Authors: Kutukov A. A. , Kolokoltseva E. N. , Romanova L. S.
Published: June 2023

The article explores the negative impact of the grown cultural deposit on stone monuments of Tomsk and ways of its elimination. The urgency is caused by the continuous and complex influence of the grow cultural deposit on historical buildings.

Purpose: The article considers changes in urban development and conditions and new threats of monument preservation and their impact; gives recommendations for the conservation of Tomsk churches and the improvement of their territories.

Methodology/approach: The literature review, the analysis of general technical state of stone monuments in view of the ground water influence on them and proposals on this influence elimination. Articles, books and conferences of various authors – archaeologists and architects – given in the references.

Research findings: Recommendations are given to eliminate the negative impact of the increased cultural deposit, including the territory planning, replacement of coatings, installation of dewatering electro-osmotic devices, impervious curtains, hydrophobization of foundations, restoration of waterproofing and backsplash in compliance with specifications. The importance of informing the population about consequences of uncontrolled cultural deposit growth is noted herein.

Originality: The analysis of the technical state of stone churches of Tomsk such as Aleksander Nevsky and Peter and Paul; recommendations for eliminating the negative impact of the increased cultural deposit growth.
Correlation between residential area, service facilities, research and production zone of Russian science cities
Authors: Malova E. D.
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Identification of the correlation between service facilities, research and production zone of Russian science cities.

Research findings: Based on the difference in the urban development, calculations include individual objects, taking into account the number of floors, rather than functional zones. The cities of Protvino, Pushchino, Chernogolovka, Fryazino, Troitsk and Koltsovo are analyzed; the population can be compared with the estimated number of new scientific towns. Despite a significant difference in the size of urban areas and the development of the research and production base, these science cities have a close ratio of housing, service facilities and research and production areas, i.e., 60, 10 and 30 %, respectively. The basic layout of science campuses does not change, while economic, demographic and scientific development is observed.

Practical implication: The detected correlation can be called rational and used at the initial stage of planning a new science city.
Settlement formation along the Angara river (mid 17th and early 21st centuries)
Authors: Ignatenkova V. A. , Vaytens A. G.
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Identification of possible settlement formation along the Angara River in the Irkutsk agglomeration at different formation stages and its urban development.

Design/methodology/approach: A number of outlined important tasks include the description of each formation stage of settlement with respect to natural resources, urban planning, transport and socio-economic potential; identification of problems and key points of the spatial development of the existing settlement system; solutions of the identified problems. Urban-ecological principles developed by A.G. Bolshakov are used together with the literature in the field.

Research findings: The considered existing planning system includes transport, economic and landscape-ecological facilities.

Practical implications: The paper suggests possible ways to solve the identified problems.

Originality/value: The mentioned facilities can serve as a basis for the settlement formation and spatial development.
Free vibrations of rectangular plates
Authors: Morozov N. A. , Grebenyuk G. I. , Maksak V. I. , Gavrilov A. F.
Published: June 2023

The paper investigates free vibrations of rectangular metal plates. The finite element method and analytical calculation are particularly used to determine the vibration frequency. The analytical calculation is based on the equation of motion of a thin rectangular plate. The asymptotic method is applied to determine the dynamic edge effect. As a result, the free vibration frequency is determined for the rectangular metal plate. The finite element analysis is performed in Lira and SolidWorks software packages. For this, a solid plate model with sensors is created to measure the free vibration frequency; the effective mass participation factor was determined.

The plate vibration tests were conducted to confirm the results of analytical calculations. The method of smooth sinusoidal vibrations is used. Spectrum graphs of the plate vibrations are suggested based on the vibration acceleration of sensors. Errors are identified in the free vibration frequencies depending on the applied method. The paper does not consider frequencies with the low effective mass participation factor.
SARASİNLER VE ERKEN DÖNEM TÜRK ASKERÎ MÜZİĞİ ETKİLEŞİMLERİ
Authors: ODABAŞI İbrahim
Published: June 2023

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu öncesinde kurulan Türk İslâm Devletlerinin Abbasîlerle temasları neticesinde özellikle Araplar, Acemler ve Türkler arasında yoğun sanatsal ve kültürel temaslar sağlanmıştır. Abbasî Devleti’nin geniş bir coğrafyaya yayılan hakimiyeti, farklı milletlerle temasları, İslâmiyet çatısı altında sentezlenen yeni kültürlerin oluşmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Bu çatı altında şekillenen geleneklerden biri de askerî müziktir. Türkler, askerî müzik gelenekleriyle hem Abbâsîleri hem de Haçlı ordusu vasıtasıyla Avrupa’yı etkilemiştir. Kudüs’ü Müslümanlardan kurtarmak amacıyla kurulan Haçlı orduları, karşılaştıkları tüm Müslümanları temsil eden İslâm ordusu için Sarasinler terimini kullanmışlardır. Sarasinlerin Avrupa üzerindeki etkilerini araştıran yazarlar, onların askerî müziğinin kökenlerini yeterince sorgulamamıştır. Abbâsîlerde, Türklerden önce düzenli askerî bando geleneğinin olmadığı göz önüne alınırsa, Avrupa’yı etkilediği düşünülen askerî bando geleneğinin, Sarasinlerden ziyade Türk gelenekleriyle şekillendiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu makalede, Osmanlı öncesinde Abbasîler ile Türk İslâm Devletlerinin askerî müzik gelenekleri ele alınarak, askerî bando ve nevbet ilişkisi, nevbetin; tablhâne, nakkarhâne ve mehterhâne gibi kurumlarla bağlantıları incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Sarasinlerin bando takımının birçok durumda aslında Türk askerî bando takımı olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Comparison of PCB Based Actuator Coils for Untethered Actuation
Authors: Akkus Erdem Dogus , Çetin Levent
Published: June 2023

Recently magnetic actuation has become a versatile tool for manipulation on both the micro and macro scale. Due to the problems arising from scale, conventional electromagnet production methods are insufficient to produce the desired electromagnets to be used for this purpose. To solve the problems arising from this situation, researchers have been forced to work in alternative electromagnet production and application areas and paved the way for PCB-based electromagnetic actuators. For this reason, this article will explain the design principles of PCB planar coils for electromagnetic actuator applications and will provide the basis for later studies to create a coil matrix using this coil design and an actuator that can move ferromagnetic particles or magnets in the plane with this 2D coil matrix. The presented project design steps can be listed as follows; First of all, to be able to design a coil that consists of copper paths on the PCB and can meet expectations (homogeneous magnetic field, high magnetic force/current ratio). PCB coils consisting of square, circular and hexagonal coils are manufactured and various measurements are made. The measured results are consistent with the simulated results proving the accuracy and applicability of PCB coil actuators, and they are highly suitable for a new actuator version. In the tests carried out, coils energized with 1A can provide a maximum field strength of 1400 (A/m) and an average of 900 (A/m) and due to the lack of magnetic core, the created magnetic field has the shape of a bell. In order to overcome this situation, it is foreseen that making studies to increase the working current and, as a more important development, switching from the planar single-layer structure to the structure of two or more layers can increase the magnetic field produced by this type of coils, but this layer increase should take into account the cost and PCB production and application capabilities. should be made available.
Indonesian Waste Database: Smart Mechatronics System
Authors: Fathurrahman Haris Imam Karim , Azhari Ahmad , Sutikno Tole , Chin Li-yi , Putra Prasetya Murdaka , Yunandha Isro Dwian , Pratama Gralo Yopa Rahmat , Purnomo Beni
Published: June 2023

Waste management is an essential component of urban management. As a waste solution, waste management is critical. The goal of this research is to develop a waste management database that is coupled with a mechatronic robot system. Compiling and gathering data on the sorts of garbage found in Indonesia is the starting point for this research. Indonesian waste is classified into six groups: cardboard, paper, metal, plastic, medical, and organic. The total images of the six groups are estimated at 1880 pictures. According to this picture database, Artificial Intelligence (AI) training was used to create the classification system. In the final AI process, the test method was performed using DenseNet121, DenseNet169, and DenseNet201. Testing using artificial intelligence DenseNet201 across 40 epochs yields the best 92,7% accuracy rate. Simultaneously with Artificial Intelligence testing, a mechatronic system is created as a direct implementation of the Artificial Intelligence output model. A four-servo arm robot with dc motor wheel mobility is included in the mechatronic system. According to these findings, the Indonesian waste database can be categorized correctly using Artificial Intelligence and the mechatronics system. This higher accuracy of the artificial intelligence model may be used to create a waste-sorting robot prototype.
Peningkatan Respon Imun Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) Melalui Kombinasi Vitamin D3, Mineral Ca Dan Mg Pada Pakan
Authors: Linuwih Aluh Prastiti  , Aldi Huda Verdian  , Adni Oktavian  , Nurul Fatimah  , Kurnia Fathurohman  , Qorie Astria  , Arif Faisal Siburian
Published: June 2023

Udang vaname merupakan biota perikanan yang tidak memiliki kekebalan tubuh spesifik. Sehingga dalam teknis pembudidayaan udang lebih menerapkan prinsip pencegahan terhadap serangan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peningkatan respon imun udang vaname melalui penghitungan jumlah total hemosit dan pengamatan perbedaan jenis hemosit yang dipelihara selama 60 hari. Pengujian dilakukan dengan perlakuan kombinasi vitamin D3, mineral Ca dan Mg (Hyperol) pada pakan antara lain kontrol (pemeliharaan udang tanpa suplementasi Hyperol) dan pemeliharaan udang dengan penambahan suplementasi Hyperol pada pakan sebanyak 0,25 mL/kg pakan (A); 0,5 mL/kg pakan (B); 0,75 mL/kg pakan (C); dan 1 mL/kg pakan (D). Hasil terbaik yang didapatkan adalah perlakuan dengan penambahan suplementasi Hyperol 1 mL/kg pakan dengan jumlah total hemosit 65,41±1,90 x 106 sel/mL. Hal ini menunjukkan penggunaan Hyperol 1 mL/kg pakan dapat meningkatkan respon imun pada udang vaname.
Vannamei shrimp is fisheries commodity who doesn’t have specific immunity in their body, so principle of prevent against disease was the most important thing to be applied in shrimp farming techniques. The aims of this study is to see an increase in the immune response of vannamei shrimp through counting the total number of hemocytes and observing the different types of hemocytes maintained for 60 days. Tests were carried out with a combination treatment of vitamin D3, minerals Ca and Mg (Hyperol) on the feed, including controls (raising shrimp without Hyperol supplementation) and rearing shrimp with the addition of Hyperol supplementation to feed as much as 0.25 mL/kg feed (A); 0.5 mL/kg feed (B); 0.75 mL/kg feed (C); and 1 mL/kg feed (D). The best results obtained were treatment with the addition of 1 mL/kg Hyperol supplementation with a total hemocyte count of 65.41 ± 1.90 x 106 cells/mL. This shows that the use of Hyperol 1 mL/kg of feed can increase the immune response in vannamei shrimp.
Peaceful journalism in reporting conflict in Papua on the news portals
Authors: Sonni Alem Febri , Irwanto Irwanto , Malau Maldhi Hamonangan
Published: June 2023

The aims of this study are to describe the framing and journalism of peace conducted by the media portals Suarapapua.com and Kompas.com and the framing and journalism of peace reporting on the conflict in Papua. This research was conducted for approximately 3 months, from May to July 2022. The method used in this study is a qualitative method using framing analysis by Robert E. Entman, namely, the selection of issues and highlighting certain aspects of reality or issues. The results of the analysis are presented in the form of the Entman model, then reviewed from the perspective of Johan Galtung's Peaceful Journalism. The results of this study indicate that the framing carried out by Suarapapua.com and Kompas.com has an impact on maintaining security stability in Papua. And the application of peace journalism carried out by both of them provides prevention of the ongoing adverse effects on conflicting groups in Papua.
MRI Case Report of Perianal Fistula with T2 TSE SPIR Sequence
Authors: Apriantoro Nursama Heru , Saleh Arif Rohman , Sari Gando , Supriyono Puji , Widiatmoko Mahfud Edy
Published: June 2023

MRI is a diagnostic imaging tool crucial for pelvic examination in perianal fistula cases. MRI imaging offers some advantages, especially in showing the area of spesi and secondary dilatation. Both have a high recurrence rate after surgery and an important role in determining surgical outcomes and minimizing complications. This study aims to evaluate pelvic MRI examination of perianal fistulas using the T2 TSE SPIR (Turbo Spin Echo Spectral Presaturation with Inversion Recovery) sequence. Research design used a qualitative descriptive method with participatory observation through a case study approach to Perianal Fistula using T2 TSE_SPIR. It was carried out at the Radiology Department of Mayapada Hospital in South Jakarta from August to December 2022. The MRI equipment Philips Achieva 1.5 Tesla with Sense Body Coil. MRI contrast agent of gadoteric acid, Vitamin E capsule, was attached to the perianal fistula location to make it easier for the radiologist to see the path of the perianal fistula. The results of Pelvis MRI images in perianal fistulas using the T2 TSE SPIR sequence shown with clear boundaries of perianal fistulas with anal organs, sigmoid colon, bladder, and prostate between one organ and another. Implementing the selection of the T2 TSE SPIR sequence to visualize fluid images becomes hyper-intensive by suppressing fat signals so that only fluid is visible in the perianal abscess and fistula images.
Development of Applications to Prevent Children’s Anemia to Increase Mother’s Knowledge about Anemia in Children
Authors: Retnaningsih Yuliantisari , Djanah Nur , Pratama Novan Edo
Published: June 2023

Anemia is a health problem that is often found throughout the world and has an impact on the quality of human resources. Nutritional anemia will slowly inhibit the growth and development of intelligence, children will be more susceptible to disease due to decreased immune systems, this will certainly improve the condition of children as successors. Utilizing current technological developments, it is very possible to develop systems that can optimize children's health, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of the application of prevention of anemia in children on mother's knowledge about anemia in children. Quasi-experimental research using pre-post test control group design. Samples were mothers who had children under five in the Puskesmas Banguntapan II, which were divided into two groups (35 intervention groups and 35 control groups). Data analysis with univariate and bivariate. The group was given an application intervention to prevent anemia in children. The control group conducted presented information in accordance with the procedures carried out from the puskesmas with leaflets. Both groups were measured before the intervention and 1 month before the intervention using a questionnaire. The results showed there was a significant increase between the intervention group compared to the control group in the level of mother's knowledge about child anemia (p=0.001). The result is applications increase the effectiveness of mothers’ knowledge about anemia in children, the use of applications is more effective than the use of leaflets in increasing knowledge about anemia.
Physiotherapy Modalities and Physiotherapy Modalities and its Effect on The Development of Functional Ability in Children with Cerebral Palsyits Effect on The Development of Functional Ability in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Trisnowiyanto Bambang , Utomo Budi
Published: June 2023

In Indonesia, currently there are various physiotherapy intervention modalities for children with special needs, especially in cerebral palsy. The Bobath concept is a holistic approach to solving the problems of individuals with movement disorders and postural control as a result of lesions in the central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physiotherapy modalities on functional abilities in children with cerebral palsy. This research was an experimental type that had a control variable with a nonequivalent control group design, but in this design the experimental group and the control group were not randomly selected, functional ability measuring tool used gross motor functional movement (GMFM). All respondents received treatment 16 times (2 times per week), measured as fisrt post-test, followed by treatment 16 times (2 times per week) measured as second post-test. The first post-test (16 times) and the second post-test (32 times), these data were compared. The results of the repeated measured ANOVA test in the control group revealed that there was a significant difference in functional ability after the bobath concept treatment (p=0.060; x1=-0.714; x2=-2.714) and after the bobath concept and taping treatment (p=0.027; x1=-2.400; x2=-6.000). But, there was found not significant after the bobath concept and stretching treatment (p =0.071; x1=-0.333; x2=-3.667), and after the bobath concept and infrared treatment (p=0.126; x1=-1.000; x2=-2.500). The results of the Freadman test there was a significant difference in functional ability after the bobath concept and massage treatment (p=0.023). The conclusion, there was a significant difference in functional ability improvement after being given treatment by the bobath concept, bobath concept plus taping, and/or bobath concept plus massage.
Self-medication and its Impact on Human Health
Authors: Abubakar Muhammad , Arif Muhammad-Maaz , Khan Muhammad Rafique , Urooj Muniba
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper was to examine the trend of self-medication, evaluating its use, drawbacks and motivations behind its use. People were questioned about their background and conditions for which they used drugs/medicines in several studies. Complicated lifestyles, hectic routines, cultural norms, expensive medication, over-confidence, lack of education, selling non-prescriptive pharmaceuticals, and the absence of government checks contribute to the trend of self-medication. People largely relied on self-diagnosis and only went to professional doctors when they had serious problems. Over-the-counter medications were preferred for basic ailments such as fever, headache, flu, etc. People with greater education were more likely to self-medicate because they relied on their own expertise and had easy access to the drug markets. The countermeasures for self-medication involve the services of Professionals and Pharmacists, promoting the responsible use of self-medication and spreading awareness about its risks are the key steps to reduce adverse impacts of self-medication.
Association of Level of Amputation and Use of Prosthesis with Depression: A Multi-Centered Study
Authors: Khan Abdul Baqi , Shoaib Rao Muhammad , Khattak Umme Kulsoom , Ali Asad , Abdul Qadeer Asma , Kant Sara Bashir , Jawad Abbasi Mudassar Mushtaq
Published: June 2023

Background: Amputation is the surgery of “Removal of limb or its part from the body” due to medical reasons. The loss of a limb is indubitably a distressing lifetime experience. Several studies have shown that depression is higher in patients with amputations. The objective of this study is to determine the association of depression with level of amputation, use of prosthesis and sociodemographic characteristics.
Methods: A cross-sectional research study was conducted in three physical rehabilitation centers of Quetta in a time span of three months. Non probability convenient sampling was used to collect data from 54 participants having traumatic or non-traumatic unilateral amputation. Depression was measured using the validated tool, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
Results: Total 54 participants, Males =47(87%) and Females = 7(13%) and were surveyed. Among them 44(81.5%) were married. Majority of the patients 30(55.5%) were between the age of 15-45 while 28 (51.9%) were educated. Majority of the participants (91%) were with lower-limb amputation. Trans-tibial Amputation (TTA) and Trans-Femoral Amputation (TFA) were 27(50%) and 20(37%) respectively. Use of prosthesis was found among 38(70.4%) patients, while 16(29.6%) did not use prosthesis. Statistically significant relationship was found between married participants and depression (p-value 0.047). Our results showed that depression was less in patients using prosthesis compared to the ones not using prosthesis.
Conclusion: Structured psychological and psychosocial support to the patients with amputations is needed before and after surgery, involving multidisciplinary teams. More emphasis should be given to the mental health of the married participants, as they showed higher levels of depression.
Epidemiological trends of COVID-19 in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Meraj Lubna , Naseem Sajida , Saqib Imad-ud-din , Mangrio Sana , Rafi Saima , Ashfaq Tabinda
Published: June 2023

Background: The goal of the study was to describe patient characteristics of a group of Pakistani population affected by COVID-19. Efforts have been made to identify the patient characteristics which increase the risk of infection. Many of these are useful in predicting the severity and prognosis of the disease.
Methods: A descriptive study was carried out at COVID-19 medical facility at the onset of lockdown in   Rawalpindi in Pakistan from March to June 2020. Individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test were primarily enrolled in the study. A link was shared of an online google form for collecting data. Data was compiled on Google forms which was transferred into SPSS version 24 for descriptive data analysis.
Results: The study included 566 subjects; 469 (82.9%) recovered while 97 (17.1%) died. Majority of them were male, belonged to the age group of 31 – 45 years. The most common comorbid condition in the study population was hypertension 222 (39.2%). The most common symptoms patients presented with were dry cough (64%) followed by difficulty in breathing (48.2%).
Conclusion: The study has highlighted age, gender and comorbidities as the characteristics which affected the outcome. This would be helpful in planning treatment for future.
Validity and Version of the Vision-related Quality of Life Questionnaire
Authors:   Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Hakimzadeh Yazdi Zohreh , Azimi Khorasani Abbas ,   Refractive Errors Research Center, Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Riazi Abbas ,   Department of Optometry, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives: The vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) questionnaire has already been developed. However, some items of these instruments are not suitable for Iranian samples. This study aims to develop the Persian version of this questionaire to evaluate the functional vision of visually impaired Iranian people. Methods: The VRQoL questionnaire was evaluated and 43 items were chosen as an initial questionnaire. Ten visually impaired people were interviewed to express their idea about the position and manner of expressing questions in the questionnaire. Some items were excluded and the remained items were given to 30 patients as well as some visual impairment specialists. Their opinions about the face validity of the questionnaire were used. The content validity of this instrument called the Iranian low vision questionnaire (ILVQ) was evaluated using Lawshe’s content validity ratio. To construct validity, factor analysis was used. Internal reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Results: The reduction of psychometric items showed that three items should be eliminated and a 32-item questionnaire was produced as an Iranian low vision questionnaire (ILVQ). This local instrument has performance-based (13 items) and self-reported (19 items) sections with a five-point response scale. The psychometric evaluation showed an internal reliability of 96% by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and an overall reliability and repeatability of 0.96 (P<0.001) by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The test-retest reliability was obtained at 0.94 (P<0.001) to indicate the external reliability and stability of the instrument. Conclusion: This instrument has high validity and reliability, which is a standard tool to assess the quality of life (QoL) among Iranian visually impaired people. Existing questionnaires around the world should be modified to add or remove some items due to advanced technologies.
Refractive Error and Ocular Biometric Changes in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Department of Optometry, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Asharlous Amir , Riazi Abbas ,   Department of Optometry, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Janani Samira ,   Department of Optometry, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rajabi Sattar ,   Department of Optometry, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rakhshan Amir ,   Department of Optometry, Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Khabazkhoob Mehdi ,   Department of Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Dibaji Forooshani Zahra Sadat ,   Bank Melli Hospital, Tehran, Iran., Tabesh Hamed ,   Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives: Evaluation of changes in refractive errors and biometric parameters in the process of glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes during three-month treatment. Methods: Patients with the first diagnosis of type 2 diabetes or a history of poor glycemic control (hemoglobin glycate more than 7.5%) and without any systemic disease other than diabetes were included. Hemoglobin glycate, refractive error, and biometric parameters were evaluated before treatment and one and a half and three months after treatment, and their changes were examined by generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis. Results: A total of 60 eyes of 30 patients with a mean age of 51.63±6.79 years were evaluated. Hemoglobin glycate decreased by an average of 1.028% compared to the baseline measurement in the third month (P<0.001). Mean spherical (P=0.554), spherical equivalent (P=0.340), axial length (P=0.147), and anterior chamber depth (P=0.336) did not show a significant difference between the three examinations. In contrast, the lens thickness showed a significant decrease during treatment (P=0.001). Finally, generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis showed that a 1% decrease in hemoglobin glycate increased by 0.226 mm. (P=0.002) in the axial length. It should be mentioned in tables FU1means Follow-up 1.5 months and FU2 means Follow-up 3 months. Conclusion: The present study shows that refractive errors and most ocular biometric parameters do not change significantly compared to the baseline levels in the period of one and a half and three months after the start of glycemic control.
The Attitude of Neurosurgeons Toward Telemedicine During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Ebrahimi Hannan , Azimi Hesam ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Kolahchi Zahra ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran, Gholami Zeinab ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Nasseri Shahin ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Adib Maryam ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Amirjamshidi Abbas ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Shirani Bidabadi Mohammad ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran, Pour-Rashidi Ahmad ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim: Telemedicine can be considered a primary modality of patient care for non-emergent conditions in the COVID-19 era. The usage and expansion of telemedicine are important and inevitable issues. We decided to investigate the neurosurgeons’ perspective on telemedicine in the treatment and follow-up of neurosurgical patients during the COVID-19 period. Methods and Materials/Patients: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery, Tehran, from June 2021 to July 2021. An internet-based questionnaire was distributed among all postgraduate and assistant neurosurgeons at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Statistical analysis was performed using SPPS (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 24.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp; 2016). Results: This study was performed among 74 neurosurgeons who were mainly male (89.2%). Their mean age was 33.16±5.69 years (ranging from 27 to 62 years), and telemedicine has not been used previously in 37 precipitants (50%). Most precipitants preferred telemedicine for follow-up (93.24%). The common reasons for unimplemented telemedicine were determined by insurance and repayment obstacles (58.11%). Most of the participants believed that telemedicine should first be adapted to working condition and local setting, then it can be applied more in the future. Eventually, the effectiveness of telemedicine was controversial, according to most neurosurgeons’ replies. Conclusion: This study indicated neurosurgeons’ preference for telemedicine. They considered it a comfortable alternative. However, the effectiveness of telemedicine is controversial as it should be adapted first and then used extensively for future purposes. It is also suggested that future studies compare the results of this research with those of studies performed after the COVID-19 outbreak.
INTERNALISASI NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MEMBENTUK AKHLAKUL KARIMAH SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN AL HIKMAH TUBAN
Authors: Husni Moch. Shohibul , Walid Muhammad , Zuhriah Indah Aminatuz
Published: June 2023

Pendidikan agama Islam memiliki peran penting untuk membentuk sikap dan perilaku bagi setiap anak terlebih diusia remaja. Pada zaman sekarang sikap dan perilaku kurang terpuji dikhawatirkan merusak akhlak apabila tidak mendapatkan pendidikan agama Islam dengan baik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu adanya Internalisasi nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Islam untuk membantu anak-anak dalam menambah wawasan dalam membentuk akhlakul karimah khusunya di Pondok Pesantren Al Hikmah Tuban. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan proses serta keberhasilan dari internalisasi nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Islam dalam membentuk Akhlakul karimah santri di PP. Al Hikmah yang terletak di desa Binangan Kecamatan Singgahan Kabupaten Tuban Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian data dijaikan dalam bentuk narasi sesuai kejadian dalam penelitian sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan di akhir penulisan. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh proses nternalisasi nilai nilai pendidikan Agama Islam untuk membentuk Akhlakul Karimah di pondok pesantren Al Hikmah ada  3 tahapan, yaitu tahap pengenalan, tahap Penerimaan dan tahap integrasi. Adapun kurikulum yang di programkan oleh PP. Al Hikmah dalam pembelajaran untuk mendukung internalisasi adalah dengan Pengajian Kitab, Madrasah diniyah dengan 3 tingkatan, Pengajian Al Qur’an, dan. Bahtsul Masa’il. Metode yang diterapkan oleh PP. Alhikmah dalam dalam kegiatan internalisasi nilai-nilai pendidikan agam Islam yatu Bandongan, Tanya Jawab, Keteladanan, Pembiasaan, Stategi kedisiplinan.Hasil dari kegiatan internalisasi nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Islam dalam membentuk ahklakul karimah adalah adanya tanggung jawab, Mandiri, Berjiwa sosial yang dibuktikan dengan kuisioner  sebelum dan sesudah mondok pada tabel 1 dan 2.