bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the Work of Letters and Visits in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Zhang Xiao
Published: July 2021

Based on the domestic representative research of the complaint reporting handling office in common colleges and universities, this study analyzes the present situation of the petition work. At the same time, combined with our own work practice and thinking, the article believes that to do a good job of a complaint reporting in colleges and universities, we need to work from four aspects, including letters team construction, the mechanism improvement, the standard work procedures, and the network consciousness enhancement, constantly enhance the level of letters and visits office informatization, people-oriented, and pay attention to work methods.
Hearing Impairment with Hypertention and Diabetes Melitus Type2 on Cronic Kidney Disease with Hemodialysis
Authors: Purnami Nyilo
Published: July 2021

Background: Sensorineural-type hearing loss can occur in people who have chronic kidney disease (CKD) and with hemodialysis treatment. Sensorineural-type hearing loss is a hearing loss that occurs due to damage to the cochlear and the 8th cranial nerve. Hearing loss in CKD undergoing HD can occur at both high and low frequencies. Purposed: The aimed of this study was find out incidence of hearing loss and correlation of Hearing Impairment between Risk Factors Hypertention and Diabetes Melitus Type 2 in CKD patients with hemodialysis treatment. Methods: This study was observational analytics. The sample examined in this study were all CKD patient with hemodialysis treatment based criteria study. The hearing impairment were examined using audiometry. For statistic test using Spearman correlation test with significance level p = 0.05. Results: Fifteen patients (28.8%) with normal hearing. Patients who experience hearing loss as many as 37 patients (71.1%). Most of them were mild degree hearing loss, 29 patients (55.8%). Six patients (11.5%) were moderate hearing loss, and two patients (3.8%) were moderate hearing loss. Based on the results of the Spearman rho test showed that p=0.602 for hypertention and   DM type 2 was p= 0.102 Conclusion: There was no correlation of hearing impairment between risk factors Hypertention and DM type 2 in CKD patients with hemodialysis treatment.
Noma: Penyakit Tropis yang Terabaikan
Authors: Reksodiputro Mirta Hediyati , Yosia Mikhael
Published: July 2021

Abstract Noma is an orofacial gangrene often manifesting in malnourished children in developing and tropical countries. Epidemiological data on Noma are hard to find, but it is estimated that the global incidence of noma is 30-40,000 cases per year, with estimated mortality rate of about 85%. The cause of noma is multifactorial, but is often found in conjunction with malnutrition and with other diseases such as measles, malaria, and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) followed by poor oral hygiene. The pathogenesis of noma includes a rapidly spreading noninfectious gangrene infection of the face, often preceded by acute necrotizing gingivitis, and stomatitis. Microbiological studies show opportunistic infections caused by imbalance of normal intraoral microorganisms. The key to prevention is to increase food security, improve vaccination program against measles, prevention of malaria and HIV, and early detection and treatment of necrotic gingivitis and stomatitis. Early treatment with antibiotics can prevent gangrene or reduce the extent of the lesions. Late treatment consists of surgical rehabilitation, which is often hard to conduct. Access to medical care are usually very limited for noma patients due to their dire socioeconomic conditions who are often located in remote rural areas. Abstrak Noma adalah gangren orofasial yang menyerang anak-anak kekurangan gizi terutama di negara-negara berkembang dan negara-negara tropis. Data epidemiologi tentang noma sangat langka, tetapi perkiraan kejadian global saat ini adalah 30-40.000 kasus per tahun, dengan tingkat kematian sekitar 85%. Penyebab noma multifaktorial, namun sering ditemukan bersamaan dengan malnutrisi dan dengan penyakit lain seperti campak, malaria, dan human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). Seringpula keadaan berada bersamaan dengan kebersihan mulut yang buruk. Patogenesis noma meliputi infeksi gangren tidak menular yang menyebar cepat yang terjadi di wajah, sering didahului oleh gingivitis nekrosis akut, dan stomatitis. Studi mikrobiologi menunjukkan infeksi oportunistik yang disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan mikroorganisme intraoral normal. Pencegahan terletak pada ketahanan pangan, vaksinasi campak, pencegahan malaria dan HIV, termasuk deteksi dini dan pengobatan gingivitis nekrotis dan stomatitis. Pengobatan dini dengan antibiotik dapat mencegah gangren atau mengurangi luasnya lesi. Perawatan yang terlambat terdiri dari rehabilitasi bedah, yang seringkali rumit. Akan tetapi, akses ke perawatan medis sangat terbatas bagi pasien noma karena kondisi sosioekonomi mereka yang sangat memprihatinkan yang seringkali terletak di daerah pedesaan yang terpencil.
A survey of Indonesian otolaryngologist behavior in medical service during the CoVid-19 pandemic
Authors: Zachreini Indra , Bashiruddin Jenny , Tamin Susyana , Priyono Harim , Mayangsari Ika Dewi , Ranakusuma Respati , Supartono Natasha , Putranto Fikri Mirza , Aksoro Dewo , Bimantara Selfiyanti , Dewi Yussy Afriana , Noordhianta Kote , Napitupulu Bintang , Indrasari Sagung Rai , Purnami Nyilo , Haryuna Tengku Siti Hajar , Harahap Juliandi , Savitri Eka , Manukbua Tjandra
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: World Health Organization (WHO) announced a newly discovered virus that first identified in Wuhan, China on December 2019, namely SARS-CoV-2 as the cause of corona virus disease (COVID-19) which had become global pandemic. Doctors as medical practitioners are categorized as vulnerable group to be infected by corona virus, and many otorhinolaryngologists had been infected and even died in performing medical services. Among the causative factors why otorhinolaryngologists could get infected by corona virus is their behavior. Purpose: To assess the behavioral level of otorhinolaryngologists in medical services during Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Research samples were otorhinolaryngologists in Indonesia who met the inclusions criteria. The samples were selected by consecutive sampling method, and got obtained 1299 subjects. Behavioral level was assessed from 3 aspects: knowledge, attitude, and practice, which were comprised of 12 questions. Result: It was found that 461 respondents had a good behavioral level (35.5%), 677 respondents had moderate levels (52.1%) and 161 respondents had low level (12.4%). There was a statistically significant correlation between knowledge with behavioral level, attitude with behavioral level, and practice with behavioral level (p=0.001). Conclusion: The study of behavioral level of otorhinolaryngologists in medical service during Covid-19 pandemic obtained the highest number was moderate level 677 respondents (57.2%), and there was a statistically significant correlations between the variable of knowledge with behavioral level, the variable of attitude with behavioral level, and the variable of practice with behavioral level (p=0.001).
Authors: Sari Kiky Nurfitri , Prawanto Andika , Purba Ria Oktanina
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman okra pada daerah dataran tinggi di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Simpang Nangka Kecamatan Selupu Rejang Kabupaten Rejang Lebong. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan genotipe tanaman yaitu G1 (okra hijau) dan G2 (okra merah). Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari sepuluh sampel tanaman yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali sehingga terdapat 60 sampel tanaman. Pada penelitian ini, pengamatan dilakukan pada terhadap variabel pengamatan secara kuantitatif. Variabel pengamatan yang dilakukan secara kuantitatif yaitu terdiri dari tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang petiol, diameter petiol, jumlah buku, diameter batang, umur berbunga, jumlah buah pertanaman, bobot buah, panjang buah, diameter buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat kecenderungan bahwa varietas merah mampu menghasilkan komponen vegetatif dan generatif yang lebih unggul.

Kata kunci : Okra Hijau, Okra Merah, Kabupaten Rejang Lebong
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Kecemasan Perawat Covid-19 Selama Pandemi di Indonesia
Authors: Haryanto Rudi , Septimar Zahrah Maulidia
Published: July 2021

Latar Belakang: Perawat yang terlibat langsung dalam penanganan dan perawatan pasien COVID-19 beresiko mengalami gangguan psikologis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kecemasan pada perawat yang merawat pasien COVID-19 selama pandemi di Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional pada 336 perawat yang merawat pasien COVID-19 di rumah sakit di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia. Pengambilan data penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) versi Indonesia, kuesioner data demografi dan kuesioner dukungan rumah sakit yang disebar secara daring melalui google form. Hasil: Hasil analisis dari 336 orang perawat COVID-19 terdapat 27% yang mengalami cemas ringan, 20,8% cemas sedang, dan 2,7% cemas berat, serta 48,8% tidak mengalami kecemasan. Tingkat depresi mempengaruhi tingkat kecemasan (p<.000, r=0.451). Dukungan rumah sakit yang baik menurunkan tingkat kecemasan (p<.000, r=-0.278). Perawat COVID-19 yang telah menikah/ berkeluarga cenderung memiliki tingkat kecemasan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang masih sendiri. Kesimpulan: Status pernikahan, dukungan rumah sakit dan tingkat depresi merupakan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kecemasan pada perawat COVID-19 di rumah sakit. Dukungan rumah sakit merupakan faktor yang signifikan mempengaruhi tingkat kecemasan.
Does studying abroad influence graduates’ wages?
Authors: Netz Nicolai , Cordua Fine
Published: July 2021

We review quantitative studies that empirically examine whether studying abroad influences graduates’ wages. After describing features of the existing studies, we assess existing evidence on the size of the wage effect of studying abroad. We then examine corresponding effect heterogeneities, before discussing mechanisms mediating the effect of studying abroad on wages. We conclude by highlighting directions for future research. In a nutshell, our review suggests that studying abroad has a moderate positive effect on graduates’ early career wages in various national and institutional settings. However, this effect tends to vary across groups of graduates, employment contexts, and types of stays abroad. An increased likelihood of employer change and of gaining access to large and multinational companies as well as improved access to high-wage labor markets abroad appear to be the empirically most relevant mechanisms mediating the effect of studying abroad on wages. Other assumed explanatory mechansims, such as improved language skills and a greater tendency to pursue further education, turn out to be less relevant. On balance, our review illustrates that the examined research field has made great progress in recent years. It also shows how research can be further advanced by a stronger degree of standardization of study designs, internationally comparative and longitudinal datasets, the analysis of further plausible mediating mechansism, and a focus on new research questions.
Libertŕ e diritti tra India ed Europa. Un approccio genealogico ai valori culturali
Authors: Bartoli Clelia
Published: July 2021

- This paper will deal with the issue of human rights and multiculturalism away from cultural relativism and universalism while taking inspiration from Nietzsche's Moral Genealogy. In particular, the concepts of karma, dharma and trivarga (an indian traditional form of particularism in the law) will be explained as they are expressed in the Bhagavad Gita, one of the most important texts of Indian philosophical literature. From this analysis it will emerge the impossibility of deducing the idea of human rights from the Sanskrit text. Not because the Bhagavad Gita adopts a communitarian conception of the self but because it entails a very complex and interesting idea of freedom which is little compatible with contemporary human rights discourse. Then, it will be quoted a criticism against the Bhagavad Gita based on the historical genealogy of cultural values, as it was formulated by B.R. Ambedkar - Chairman of the Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution. Finally, this writing will highlight some of the misunderstandings revolving around human rights and multiculturalism. This will be done while suggesting a genealogical approach where different intellectual and law traditions challenge and implement each other, rather than being locked in a sterile mutual respect.
Immigrazione clandestina via mare e cooperazione fra Italia e Libia dal punto di vista del diritto del mare
Authors: Trevisanut Seline
Published: July 2021

- Since May 2009, Italian naval units have been carrying out redirection programmes of unlawful migrant vessels on the high seas and in the Libyan territorial waters. These patrols are performed jointly with Libyan authorities and in accordance with the Treaty of Friendship, Partnership and Cooperation concluded between the two countries in August 2008. These programmes shall be subjected to a legal analysis focussing on in ternational obligations, in particular on the programmes' legal basis and their respect of international standards for rescue operations at sea. The law of the sea provides the fundamental principle of the safety of human life at sea and the duty of States to render assistance. This duty to render assistance is not confined to the actual rescue operation at sea but extends to determining the place of safety where the rescued people can disembark. In light of this analysis and recent international practice, the redirection of intercepted migrants vessels to the Libyan coasts as place of safety may well be criticised.
Diritto e impegno civile. Una laurea honoris causa
Authors: Veneziani Bruno
Published: July 2021

- In the laudatio given on the occasion of the conferral of the honoris causa degree granted by the University of Bari, the author outlines the scientific, academic and personal profile of Sir Bob Hepple, a major legal scholar who has made a huge contribution to the development of legal studies in the UK and internationally. His knowledge and experience in several fields of law as well as in the judiciary sphere, his engagement in public issues both at national and international levels, the many institutional functions he played in his adoptive country (Great Britain) as well as in his native one (South Africa) and his collaboration within European and extra-European institutions, are all combined in his scholarship and in his activity of research in the field of employment law and of industrial relations. The author touches upon Hepple's many scientific works and outlines his outstanding contribution in offering perspectives of investigation and techniques of protection, at times original and innovative, in keeping with the objectives of social justice which are clearly identified and pursued throughout his work.
THE ROLE OF INCOME TAX SYSTEM STRUCTURE IN TAX NON-COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOUR AMONG SMEs IN YEMEN
Authors: Al-Ttaffi Lutfi Hassen , Abdul-Jabbar Hijattulah , Bin-Nashwan Saeed Awadh
Published: July 2021

Tax is the main source of government revenue. However, a number of countries worldwide are increasingly besieged by challenges regarding compliance levels with the rules of tax systems. Thus, this paper aims to enhance an understanding of tax non-compliance behaviour by investigating the effect of the income tax system structure on Yemeni taxpayers’ behaviour. The study focuses on income tax compliance behaviour of owner-managers of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), as the Yemeni economy relies heavily on this sector. The SME sector represents 99.6 percent of business in Yemen. Based on a quantitative approach using a self-administered survey instrument, a total of 330 valid questionnaires were collected and the feedback provided analyzed. The results demonstrate that SME taxpayers exhibited a high level of tax non-compliance. Furthermore, the multiple regression analysis shows that the tax rate had a positive and significant influence on tax non-compliance behaviour, but the tax penalties rate did not. These results can be especially relevant to policymakers and practitioners of tax systems structures, particularly in a developing country such as Yemen.
Rinite ocupacional – Desafios na abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica
Authors:   Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia e Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Ferreira Cristiana , Coutinho Iolanda ,   Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Marques Maria ,   Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Alves Marta ,   Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Brás Rita ,   Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Pereira Ana ,   Unidade de Imunoalergologia, Hospital CUF Porto e Instituto CUF Porto,   Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto
Published: July 2021

A rinite ocupacional é uma patologia inflamatória da mucosa nasal caracterizada por sintomas nasais intermitentes ou persistentes e/ou limitação variável do fluxo aéreo nasal e/ou hipersecreção nasal devido a causas atribuíveis a um ambiente de trabalho específico. Pode ser classificada em alérgica (IgE-mediada ou não IgE-mediada) ou não alérgica. A rinite ocupacional alérgica é habitualmente a expressão clínica inaugural da sensibilização das vias aéreas a um alergénio presente no ambiente laboral e pode preceder o aparecimento da asma ocupacional. Embora o diagnóstico seja essencialmente clínico, pelos aspetos médico-legais envolvidos, torna-se importante identificar os agentes etiológicos, sendo a prova de provocação nasal o gold-standard diagnóstico; no entanto, quando não está disponível, poderá ser feita uma avaliação no local de trabalho. A opção terapêutica mais eficaz consiste na evicção da exposição. Neste artigo reunimos a evidência científica atual relativa à rinite ocupacional, partindo de um caso clínico para contextualização do problema.
Czasopismo „Litera” (1966-1978) jako świadectwo dwudziestowiecznego dorobku polskiej myśli o typografii i liternictwie
Authors: Łubocki Jakub
Published: July 2021

Na osnowie recenzji książki „Lit[t]era Romana. Antologia tekstów z czasopisma Litera 1966–1978” (oprac. M. Marek-Łucka, A. Tomaszewski, Warszawa 2020) i jej losów wydawniczych dokonano charakterystyki formalnej (sylwetka adresata, profil tematyczny, częstotliwość, objętość, cena, nakład, szata graficzna) i rzeczowej (liczba i treść artykułów) czasopisma „Litera. Dodatek «Poligrafiki» poświęcony sprawom liternictwa, czcionek i matryc drukarskich” (1966–1978), ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem środowiska autorów, w tym redaktora czasopisma (Roman Tomaszewski) i redaktorów antologii. Całość posłużyła do wskazania wyjątkowości czasopisma „Litera” (nie tylko na polskim, ale także międzynarodowym rynku prasy poligraficznej) oraz wpływu jaki wywarło na polską typografię i liternictwo.
TEACHERS' SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL HEALTH INDICATORS IN THE DISTANCE LEARNING SITUATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Svence Guna , Gajdasova Eva , Petrulyte Ala , Kalnina Lūcija , Lagzdina Lāsma , Pakse Ieva
Published: July 2021

There were 3 countries which participated in Erasmus+ project „Supporting teachers to face the challenge of distance teaching” (2020-1-LV01-KA226-SCH-094599) during last year. The aim of the project was to develop a well-functioning digital support system for teachers, promoting socio-emotional health and resilience.
The main aim of this research was to outline a research problem on teacher well-being factors in three countries during the Covid-19 pandemic, when teachers worked remotely, and to further explore the problem in a focus group in Latvia. The following is a description of the study that was carried out in Latvia on the problems of teachers' social and emotional health factors during distance learning in 2020-2021. The study in Latvia took place in parallel with the study in Slovakia and Lithuania. This article describes the first part of the study in Latvia.
One of the tasks of the study was to identify the factors that predicted teachers’ social and emotional health (SEH-T), to determine the relationships between teacher SEH, emotional burnout and teacher engagement in work indicators, and to perform a linguistic and psychometric adaptation of the teacher SEH-T (Social-emotional Health Survey – Teachers, Furlong and Gajdosova, 2019). Latvian teachers from different schools in Latvia participated in this study. Respondents completed three surveys: Teachers SEH-T (Social- emotional Health Survey – Teachers, Furlong and Gajdosova, 2018), Engaged Teachers Scale (ETS; Klassen, Yerdelen & Durksen, 2013) and the K. Maslach Burnout Survey – General Survey (MBI– GS, Maslach, Jackson & Leiter, 1996; Caune, 2004). The results showed that the translation of teachers' SEH-T survey into Latvian language had good internal coherence of articles, the article discrimination index indicator was statically significant, and the reaction index was within the normal range. Teachers SEH is positively predicted by teacher engagement indicators. Demographic and emotional burnout rates do not predict teachers' SEH-T scores. The results showed that there were statistically significant positive correlations between teacher SEH-T, teacher engagement, and emotional burnout rates. There were statistically significant negative correlations between teachers' SEH-T indicators, teacher involvement and emotional burnout indicators.
Keywords: Teachers SEH, work engagement, emotional burnout
Reshaping of Shipping and Logistics in Smart, Green and Digital
Authors: Barata Fausta Ari
Published: July 2021

The modern market has specific achievements as well as modern infrastructure. One of them is to build a smart port, environmentally friendly, and digitalization. Digitalization is part of industry 4.0, and both of them become a threat, but give opportunities to change the business and make a business model make a change. The international market has grown speedily sea transportation to become an important part on delivery goods from other countries. Sustainability sea transportation is done by providing easy access, affordability, safety, economist, reliability, infrastructure with the concept of environmentally friendly and friendly transportation service.  Nowadays the maritime logistics is to become attention for stakeholders in the logistic sector. The evolution of maritime logistics is as a new discipline has produced greater change, from increasing ping ship, increasing customer request, the changing of a support role on supply chain, and logistic. The delivery with environmentally-friendly lead to use resources and energy to transport the people and good with a ship and special attention on decreasing resources and energy to preserving global environment and environmental pollutants resulted by ship.
Application of Interactive Multimedia-Based Mathematics Learning Media to Increase Students' Interest in Learning
Authors: Amelia Dwianti Putri , Harahap Amin
Published: July 2021

This study aims to overcome students' low interest in learning mathematics by using interactive multimedia learning models to increase students' interest in learning mathematics in class VII MTS PP ATH-TOHIRIYAH Gunung Selamat in the midst of the Corona Virus outbreak. With the application of this interactive multimedia learning model, it is hoped that it will increase students' interest in learning mathematics. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with a class action method. In this study, the authors analyzed the data from the pre-test and post-test scores from both classes. The population in this study were all students of MTS PP ATH-TOHIRIYAH Gunung Selamat grade VII, totaling 40 students. The sampling technique used is probability sampling using cluster sampling. From the results of data analysis, it is known that there is a difference between the average value of student learning outcomes before and after the implementation where the average value of the experimental pre-test is 56.60% and the control pre-test is 66.70% and becomes 86.55% for the experimental post-test and 75.30% for the control post-test. The experimental class increased by 29.95%, while the control class only increased by 8.60%. Based on the results of research and data processing that have been discussed, it can be concluded that the application of the interactive multimedia-based mathematics learning process has an impact on student learning interest in terms of student learning outcomes.
Development of Modification of Big Ball Game with Play Approach in Order to Develop Basic Movement Skills in Elementary School Students
Authors: Verawati Indah , Dewi Rahma , Ritonga Doris Apriani
Published: July 2021

This study aims to modify the basic motion-based big ball game with a play approach in order to develop basic movement skills and be developed as a guide for sports teachers and learning with game concepts. The resulting product is a CD and a good ball game manual with a playing approach. The research was developed by adapting the Gall, Gall, & Borg educational research and development model. The development procedure used includes several stages: 1) analyzing the content of the developed product, 2) developing the initial game product, 3) expert validation, 4) field testing, 5) product revision of the data analysis techniques used in this study in two ways, namely quantitative and qualitative.
Factors Affecting Financial Distress in Manufacturing Companies in the Food and Beverage Sub-Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016–2020
Authors: Sitanggang Tina Novianti , Cindy Cindy , Hansen Hansen , Jesslyn Jesslyn , Cynthia Cynthia
Published: July 2021

This study was conducted to determine the factors affecting financial distress in Manufacturing Companies in the Food and Beverage Sub-Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016–2020. The data used is sourced from the company's financial statements on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, and the sample has been selected based on predetermined criteria. The population in this study are all Manufacturing Companies in the Food and Beverage Sub-Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016–2020 totaling 30 companies, with purposive sampling method, the sample received is 12 companies. From this research, it can be seen that sales growth and working capital turnover partially effect financial distress significantly. Institutional ownership and debt to equity ratio have an insignificant effect on financial distress. All variables have a significant effect on financial distress simultaneously.
The Characteristics of Teacher Leadership Behaviour in the Class of Physical Health Education (PJOK) at SMA Negeri 1 Simpang Tiga from the Academic Year 2020/2021
Authors: Amirzan Amirzan , Ilyas Ilyas , Muhammad Muhammad , Herizal Herizal , Abdullah Husaini
Published: July 2021

This research aims to investigate the extent to which the system or leadership style is owned and implemented by Physical Health Education (PJOK) teachers when they teach the students, both theoretical and practice, this is important because success in teaching is strongly influenced by various factors, one of which is the teacher attitude as behavior in the implementation of educational learning which is often referred to as a model or lead character. The data for this qualitative study derives from a questionnaire to 26 respondents namely, school leaders, school administration, students and PJOK teachers in SMA Negeri I Simpang Tiga. While the research question posed is "What type of leadership characteristics are generally the most dominant adopted or implemented by PJOK teachers at SMA Negeri I Simpang Tiga". Based on the results of data processing in the questionnaire, it can be concluded that in general the PJOK teachers at SMA Negeri I Simpang Tiga have implemented a "democratic" leadership type in nature.
The Meanings of Sentence Insistence in Karo Language
Authors: Barus Efendi
Published: July 2021

The aims of writing this research are to analyze about the use of particles in language and also the shift of words from one position to another one and they become what are called sentence insistence or sentence emphasis in Karo Language. The method of this research is by using descriptive research or library research. The analysis elaborates all types of insistence that can give effect to the meanings of the sentences which can be divided into 5 (five) types, such as: word stress, clauses in contradiction, the use of passive voice and the shift of words from one place to another one. The conclusion of this research shows the aspects of discussion such the types of insistence and how the meanings are found or described.
Ritual Hinting Pali as Resistance of the Dayak Ngaju Community (Case Study of Expansion of Large-Scaled Palm Oil Company to Ecology, Dayak Ngaju Community)
Authors: Linggua Sanjaya Usop  , Indra Perdana
Published: July 2021

The importance of the ecological and forest conservation of Dayak communities in Central Kalimantan as the support of indigenous communities is not only based on capital and natural resources to meet their needs in the simplest sense, but also in the local philosophy of crisp tree sustainability and balance of God, nature, and human relationships. The global need to meet the market demand for vegetable oil leads to massive expansion of land, environment, and society, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. This is a debate why these plants can only grow in the tropics, especially in areas passed by the equator. This raises many questions if such expansion attacks in place or region of developed countries like what? how do they handle emerging problems? Regardless of the question, this study only illustrates the contradiction, the idea of the idea of how to protect the environment between local and global values. Hinting pali is a media of Dayak community resistance to ecology and defense disputes related to the existence of the Palm Oil Company [PBS] in Central Kalimantan to the Dayak community. This ritual represents abstinence and prohibition [pali]. This ritual as a message of Dayak community wants to find a win-win solution to conflict and defense dispute between the local community and PBS. The hinting rituals of the Dayak Ngaju community, especially Hindu Kaharingan still grow and develop. Hinting pali as an oral tradition can be used as an effective medium of resistance, especially in conveying their message and protest against ecology and land annihilation by PBS. Hinting pali performance as a Dayak Kaharingan community resistance ritual in Central Kalimantan can express their thoughts and feelings about culture, history, customs, human relationships with the environment and God. They can also use hinting pali to express warnings "to determine the future of the community and express their feelings to ecological conditions, or other social problems". By using hinting pali, PBS entrepreneurs cannot marginalize ideas about how to protect their environment because they exist.
Thermal Performance Prediction of Indoor Swimming Pool Solar Heating System Using Different Types of Flat-Plate Solar Collectors
Authors: Haddy Laith Mohammad , Hassen Abdul-Salam D. M.
Published: July 2021

The current study includes a theoretical study of the enfluence of different types of flat-plate solar collector on the solar fraction factor (ƒ) of a proposed solar heating system used for heating "alShaab Olympic Indoor Swimming Pool" located in Baghdad (Iraq) at a latitude of 33.32˚N. The swimming pool building has external dimensions of 95 m length, 51 m width, and 16.5 m height, it contains two pools, the first is for swimming with dimensions of (50 m * 21 m) with fixed depth of 1.8 m, the second is for diving with an irregular surface area of (351) m2 and with depth of 5 m. The Total thermal losses from the two pools to the pool hall and from the pool hall to the outdoor environment were calculated for four months of winter season (November, December, January and February) and a computer program was built using the MATLAB (R2008a) environment to solve the mathematical model equations in order to calculate the solar fraction facor (ƒ) of the proposed solar heating system at different solar collecting areas which are (2000,2500,3000,3500,4000,4500,5000,6000,7000,8000,9000,10000) m2 and at five different types of flat-plate solar collector which are (A: one cover black solar collector, B: one cover selective absorber solar collector, C: two cover black solar collector, D: two cover selective absorber solar collector, and E: pool absorber (PVC) solar collector). The results obtained showed that the highest values of solar fraction factor were obtained when using the solar collector type D, and the lowest values obtained when using the solar collector type E. The values of solar fraction factor (ƒ) of the proposed solar heating system, at solar collecting area of 10000m2 and at mass storage of water in the storage tank of 25 kg/m2 collecting area, for type D are 84.27 % for November, 72.74% for December, 69.4% for January, and 82.91% for February, and for type E are 56.14% for November, 41.15% for December, 37.17% for January, and 50.6% for February.
Musculoskeletal pain and physical health status among confirmed COVID-19 patients of Bangladesh
Authors: Khasru Moshiur Rahman , Haseen Fariha , Khan Md Moniruzzaman , Naz Radia , Marzen Tangila , Siddiq Abu Bakar , Hasan Md , Khan Sanzida , Islam Md Joynul , Ullah Md Ahsan , Mohammad Salek Abul Khair
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 pandemic is now a great headache for the world population. Respiratory symptoms are the main presentation of COVID-19. However, musculoskeletal pain, headache, loss of taste and smell sense, and neurological manifestations may occur. Identification of patterns of musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and physical health status in COVID-19 is crucial. In this cross sectional study, a total 380 individuals with COVID-19 were recruited from the population following selection criteria. Pain varied widely in hip, neck, leg and calf muscles, back and spine, shoulder, arms and hand, and other parts of the body among the respondents. Inconstant, among respondents of younger age group (aged ≤50 year), 37.59% had moderate pain, 6.77% had severe pain, 13.91% had mild pain, and 41.17% had no pain. On the other hand, among older respondents (aged >50 year) 47.37% had moderate pain, 25.44% had severe pain, 13.15% had mild pain, and 14.03% had no pain. The differences between two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). However, there was no difference in frequency of pain between males and females. Those respondents who had pain was reported having physical health worse than the average compared to that of those who had no pain.
BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 1-7
Length of hospital stay of COVID-19 patients and its relationship with liver function abnormalities
Authors: Sarker Shishir Sikto , Hasan SM Ali , Islam Md Sarower , Das Nimai , Rahman Kazi Monisur , Alam Md Razibul , Kabir Md Anwarul
Published: July 2021

Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), a threat to global public health, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now spread to more than two hundred countries in the world. This ongoing pandemic has already been exhausted our health care systems. So determining or predicting the need of healthcare resources has now become a number one priority and the length of hospitalization is a scale which represents the function of the health system of countries. Our objectives were to see the length of hospital stay of COVID-19 patients and its relationship with liver function abnormalities. This obser- vational cross-sectional study was carried out in the COVID-19 inpatient department of BSMMU on 96 patients who are RT-PCR positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Liver function abnormalities (ALT, AST, ALP, PT, serum biliru- bin and serum albumin) were recorded precisely. Length of hospital stay was documented. Occurrence of liver function abnormalities and their relation with length of hospital stay were assessed statistically. Total 96 patients were included. Mean hospital stay was found to be 14.0±6.2 with range from 5.0 to 33 days. Total 49(51.0%) patients required hospital staying ≤14 days and 47(49%) patients were found hospital stay > 14 days. Mean length of hospital stay in case of mild COVID-19 patients was 6.76±1.12 days, in case of moderate Covid-19 patients was 12.22±1.91 days and in severe group it was 19.18±4.81 days. The mean length of hospital stay was statistically significant with raised ALT (18.9±6.2), raised AST(18.9±5.9) and low serum albumin (19.4±7.1) group (p<0.05). No significant association was found between mean length of hospital stay and raised ALP, PT and S. bilirubin group. This study showed that length of hospital stay were significantly higher among severe COVID-19 patients and among liver function abnormalities raised ALT, raised AST and low serum albumin were associated with significant longer hospital stay. Assessing the length of hospital stay is helpful in under- standing and predicting hospital bed demand and optimizing the use of healthcare resources.
BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 8-12
Persistence of respiratory symptoms among COVID-19 survivors
Authors: Rahman Mohammed Mirazur , Hossain AKM Mosharraf , Rahman Mohammed Atiqur , Ahmed Shamim , Chakrabortty Rajashish , Islam Samprity
Published: July 2021

This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among COVID-19 patients at Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from July 2020 to December 2020. During follow-up around three months (90.62±2.21days) after the onset of the first COVID-19 symptoms, 500 patients were taken as the study sample. Our study aimed to assess the persistent symptoms in patients who were discharged from the hospital after recovery from COVID-19. This study has shown that persistent respiratory symptoms were common after COVID-19 and the majority of patients were symptom-free three months after COVID-19 onset.
BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 19-21
Psychological impact of COVID -19 pandemic on frontline health care workers in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ahsan Mohammad Shamsul , Ahmed Suman , Khan Rubaiya , Hasan Md Mahbubul , Kar Ananya , Shahjahan Humayra , Ferdous Fahmida , Hossain Murin , Hossain Md Kamrul
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and insomnia symptoms among frontline health workers during the corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic in Bangladesh and to compare these between medical and allied health workers. We conducted a cross-sectional survey between June and August 2020. A total of 479 health care professionals participated in the study. Anxiety and depression were measured using Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was measured by primary care post-traumatic stress disorder score (PC-PTSD score), and insomnia was measured by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). We performed logistic regression to assess risk factors associated with psychological symptoms. Overall, prevalence of anxiety, depression, PTSD and insomnia symptoms were 17.6%, 15.5%, 7.6% and 5.9%, respectively. Compared to allied health workers, doctors had significantly higher prevalence of symptoms of anxiety: doctor versus allied health care worker; 21.1% vs 06%, (OR= 4.19; 95% CI= 1.88-9.35; p <0.001); depression: 18% vs 6.8%, (OR= 2.99; 95% CI= 1.40-6.42; p 0.005); PTSD: 9.4% vs 1.7%, (OR= 5.96; 95% CI= 1.41-25.11; p 0.015) and insomnia: 7.4% vs 0.9%, (OR= 9.22; 95% CI= 1.24-68.4; p 0.03),respectively. The logistic regression analysis showed pre-existing medical illness as a predictor of anxiety (OR= 2.85; 95% CI= 1.71-4.76; p <0.001) and depressive symptoms (OR= 2.29; 95% CI= 1.39-3.77; p 0.001). Working more than 6(six) weeks in COVID-19 dedicated hospitals was significantly associated with PSTD symptoms (OR= 2.83; 95% CI= 1.35-5.93; p 0.006) and insomnia (OR= 2.63; 95% CI= 1.15-6.02; p 0.022). Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, PTSD, and insomnia among Bangladeshi frontline health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 22-29
Mucormycosis or black fungus: An emerging threat in COVID-19
Authors: Bhadra Abhishek , Ahmed Md Sharfuddin , Rahman Mohammed Atiqur , Islam Samprity
Published: July 2021

Abstract not available
BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 51-56
An elderly man presented with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia- a consequence of severe corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19)
Authors: Hasan Md Nazmul , Sami Chowdhury Adnan , Amin Md Rasul , Khan Abed Hussain , Biswas Sunil Kumar
Published: July 2021

Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia (AIHA) can be caused by many diseases like connective tissue disease, lymphoproliferative disorder, certain infections and various medications. The coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19) can cause an increased risk of thrombosis. But, the association of AIHA with COVID-19 is not well understood. Here, in this case report a 45-year-old man who presented with fever, cough, anaemia and splenomegaly. On further investigation, he was confirmed as severe COVID-19 case with AIHA. Subsequently he was managed with prednisolone with good results.
BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 57-59
Penerapan Data Mining untuk Klasifikasi Produk Merk Bata Menggunakan Algoritma K-Means
Authors: Samosir Hernita , Amin Muhammad , Harahap Indra Ramadona
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Tanjungbalai Bata Store is a store that is engaged in the business of selling products and every day processes purchase data, sales data and transaction data. Transaction data is the result of sales that can be obtained so that store management knows the strategies that will be carried out to increase sales results. As for consumers who make transactions at stores for a separate reason, especially because of the completeness and many models that can be obtained from the Tanjungbalai brick shop, another reason is that the Tanjungbalai Brick Shop can provide a sense of comfort and peace in addition and the cleanliness seen from the store . There are many types of products sold at the Tanjungbalai Brick Shop. However, Tanjungbalai Brick Shop cannot classify products that are selling well and those that are not selling well. So that the difficulties experienced are the frequent shortage of stock of products that sell well because sales are high and the accumulation of products that are not selling well in the warehouse because the sellers are low. Based on the problems above, data mining is needed to classify which products are in demand and which are not. Data mining and k-means methods can help in this research combined with the PHP programming language and MySQL database. Keywords:Data Mining; Product Classification; K-Means Algorithm.  Abstrak:Toko Bata Tanjungbalai adalah toko yang bergerak di bidang bisnis penjulalan produk dan setiap harinya melalukan proses data pembelian, data penjualan maupun data transaksi. Data transaksi merupakan hasil penjualan yang di dapat agar manajemen toko mengetahui strategi yang akan di lakukan untuk meningkatkan hasil penjualan. Adapun konsumen yang melakukan transaksi di toko memiliki alas an tersendiri ataupun di karenakan kelengkapan dan banyak model yang bisa di dapatkan dari toko bata tanjungbalai, alasan yang lain adalah Toko Bata Tanjungbalai dapat memberikan rasa nyamandan tentram di tambah lagi keramahan dan kebersihan yang di lihat dari toko tersebut. Ada banyak jenis produk yang terjual di Toko Bata Tanjungbalai, namun toko bata Tanjungbalai tidaklah mampu dalam membagikan kelompok produk tersebut masuk kategori laris dan tidak laris. Sehingga kesulitan yang dialami yaitu seringnya kekurangan stok produk yang laku karena penjualannya tinggi dan menumpuknya produk yang tidak laris di gudang karena penjualnnya rendah. Berdasarkan permasalahan di atas maka dibutuhkan data mining untuk mengelompokkan produk mana saja yang laris dan tidak. Data mining dan metode k-meansdapat membantu dalam penelitian ini dipadukan dengan pemrograman PHP dan MySQL. Kata Kunci :Data Mining; Klasifikasi Produk; Algoritma K-Means.
Perancangan Sistem Pelaporan Tindak Kekerasan Pada Perempuan dan Anak Di DP3A Kota Tanjungbalai
Authors: Lestari Oni Dewi , Saputra Herman , Rahayu Elly
Published: July 2021

Abstract : At this time there are still many victims of violence who do not want to report the violence they have experienced because they do not want their identities to be known by others, because it will tarnish their self-respect and because of the complicated reporting mechanism, where the reporter who is going to make a report must come directly. So it is made how to design a violence reporting system and implement PHP and MySQL in it. The methodology used in this research is to first identify problems, study literature, collect data, analyze data, design systems, test systems and implement systems. This violence reporting system can make it easier for reporters to report violence without having to come to the office and it can be concluded that the research has been able to create a reporting system for violence against women and children in DP3A and PMK Tanjungbalai City by implementing the PHP programming language and database MySQL.Keyword : Reporting System, PHP dan MySQL, Violence, DP3A and PMK  Abstrak : Pada saat ini masih banyak korban kekerasan yang tidak ingin untuk melapor kekerasan yang dialaminya karena tidak ingin identitasnya diketahui orang lain, karena akan mencoreng harga dirinya dank arena mekanisme pelaporan yang rumit, dimana pelapor yang akan membuat laporan harus datang langsung. Sehingga dibuat bagaimana merancang sistem pelaporan tindak kekerasan dan menerapkan PHP dan MySQL didalamnya. Metodologi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah terlebih dahulu melakukan identifikasi masalah, studi literature, pengumpulan data, analisis data, perancangan sistem, pengujian sistem dan implementasi sistem. Sistem pelaporan tindak kekerasan ini dapat mempermudah para pelapor dalam melakukan pelaporan tindak kekerasan tanpa harus datang ke kantor dan telah dapat disimpulkan bahwa penelitian telah mampu membuat sebuah sistem pelaporan tindak kekerasan pada perempuan dan anak di DP3A dan PMK Kota Tanjungbalai dengan menerapkan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan database MySQL. Kata Kunci : Sistem Pelaporan, PHP dan MySQL, Tindak Kekerasan, DP3A dan PMK
Analisis Masalah dan Solusi Prioritas Pengembangan UMKM
Authors: Septiana Nurul Izzati , Muar Romli , Rozi A. Fakhrur
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan analisis kualitatif-kuantitatif di mana bertujuan untuk menangkap suatu nilai atau pandangan yang diwakili para pakar dan praktisi tentang masalah, solusi dan strategi pengembangan UKM di Desa Palaan. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah metode ANP dan diolah dengan menggunakan software “Super Decision”. Pemilihan responden pada penelitian ini dilakukan secara purposive sample dengan mempertimbangkan pemahaman responden tersebut terhadap masalah, solusi dan strategi perkembangan UKM di Desa Palaan Kabupaten Malang. Masalah-masalah dan solusi yang terjadi dari pengembangan UMKM di Desa Palaan dari urutan prioritas adalah masalah pemasaran, masalah product development quality dan masalah permodalan. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini diperlukan penelitian lanjutan tentang pengkajian detail-detail konsep dari solusi-solusi yang ditawarkan untuk pengembangan UMKM.