bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First report of rhino-orbital Mucormycosis caused by Syncephalastrum racemosum in a diabetic patient with COVID-19 in Iran and review of recent literature
Authors: Taghizadeh Armaki Mojtaba , Jafarzadeh Jalal , Omran Saeid Mahdavi , Bayani Masoumeh , Tavassoli Ali , Faeli Leila , Nosratabadi Mohsen , Yaalimadad Sanaz , Nikoueian Bahador , Haghani Iman , Moazeni Maryam , Shokohi Tahereh , Taghi Hedayati Mohammad , Abastabar Mahdi
Published: November 2022

Background and Purpose: Invasive mucormycosis is a rare mycosis that affects most cases of uncontrolled diabetes and has a high mortality rate. Patients with COVID-19 are at high risk of developing invasive mucormycosis due to the consumption of antiinflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids and dexamethasone. Rhizopus species followed by Rhizomucor spp. and Mucor spp. are the main common etiological agents of rhino-orbital mucormycosis. Therefore, this study aimed to present a case of mucormycosis due to Syncephalastrum racemosum in a diabetic patient with COVID-19 for the first time in Iran.
Case report: A 73-year-old diabetic female was referred to Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital in Babol, Iran, with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, based on positive RT-PCR and computed tomography of the lungs. She has received methylprednisolone due to severe lung complications. Nasal involvement and left orbital swelling were observed 20 days after the hospitalization. By sinus endoscopic surgery, debridement was done and histopathology indicated wide hyphae (without septa). The sequenced PCR products displayed Syncephalastrum racemosum. In the antifungal susceptibility test, amphotericin B showed good activity against S. racemosum and the patient survived with timely treatment.
Conclusion: This is the first case report of rhino-orbital mucormycosis due to S. racemosum in COVID-19 patient; therefore, S. racemosum can be considered one of the etiological factors of rhino-orbital mucormycosis in COVID-19 cases.
Cutaneous cryptococcal infection: Initial manifestation of acquired T-cell immunodeficiency due to malignant thymoma
Authors: McCann Timothy , Patel Anar S. , D Neha Patel , Sharath Deepali B. , Mansouri Borna , Contreras Cynthia
Published: November 2022

Background and Purpose: Cryptococcosis is a known opportunistic infection. Thymomas are known to cause immune dysregulation. We describe an atypical case of cutaneous cryptococcosis in a patient with acquired T cell immunodeficiency that has been found to be secondary to a type B3 thymoma with progression to carcinoma.
Case report: A 63-year-old male presented with a chronic skin lesion confirmed as Cryptococcus neoformans on biopsy and an incidental mediastinal mass found during infectious work-up for the notable cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4)+ lymphopenia. This led to the diagnosis of a type B3 thymoma requiring resection. The cryptococcal lesion was treated successfully with azole therapy.
Conclusion: C. neoformans is an opportunistic infection rarely associated with isolated T cell immunodeficiency due to thymomas. A multidisciplinary approach and understanding of the pathogenicity of cryptococcus and the immunological effect of thymic dysfunction are paramount to diagnosis and treatment.
Prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions: A review
Authors: Jolehar Maryam , Titidej Azadeh Zeinab
Published: November 2022

Statement of the Problem: Mesenchymal tissue origin is one of the most common lesion in oral cavity. Most of these lesions are exuberant response to local irritation produces a soft tissue enlargement which are similar to neoplastic pathologic processes. Due to this diagnostic challenge the present study was conducted for reviewing the prevalence of soft tissue lesions.
Search strategy: The English articles in scientific databases including Google Scholar, Science Direct, Medline, and PubMed, published between 2007 and 2019, were searched by using relevant keywords including oral soft tissue lesion, oral mucosal lesion, neoplastic soft tissue lesion, reactive lesion, hyperplastic lesion and non-neoplastic soft tissue lesion. Finally, forty-nine articles were reviewed in this study.
Conclusion: Findings showed that the most diagnosed lesions were benign in nature, and inﬂammatory in origin. Among this reactive/non-neoplastic lesions, fibrotic lesions, such as irritation fibroma or fibrous hyperplasia, were the most abundant lesions reported. There is a pronounced female predilection, and reactive lesions are most common in the fourth to sixth decades of life.  Regarding the location of reactive lesions, the gingival mucosa was the most common site of involvement. Tumoral lesions with the origin of vascular, fibrotic and fat were the most commonly reported tumors.
Molar impaction patterns and skeletal malocclusions
Authors: Arefi Arian Hesam , Samimi Seyed Morteza , Ghorbani Reza
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Impacted teeth fail to erupt fully into the oral cavity within the expected time due to interferences with the jaw bone, adjacent tooth, or even the gingivae. The third molar impaction frequency is related to space deficiency in dental arches. This study investigated different patterns of third molar impaction in various skeletal malocclusions in anteroposterior and vertical dimensions.
Materials and methods: In this study, 362 panoramic and lateral cephalograms of the patients with orthodontic treatment indications were verified and investigated. The malocclusion type was determined and diagnosed using lateral cephalogram tracing.
Results: 39.2% of the patients were male, and 60.8% were female. The mean age of all the patients was 19.2 years; 35.6% of patients exhibited deep bite, and 32% had class II malocclusion. 44.5% of patients had two impacted third molars, and 23.5%, 20.7%, and 11.3% had four, one, and three impacted third molars, respectively. The frequencies of the mesio-angular pattern were 80.8% and 83.5% in the left and right quadrants of the mandible, respectively. The disto-angular pattern frequencies in the left and right quadrants of the maxilla were 91.1% and 93.3%, respectively.
Conclusion: The current study revealed that the highest incidence of third molar impaction was in the deep bite and class II malocclusions. The most common pattern of impaction was mesio-angular and disto-angular in the mandible and maxilla, respectively. Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between the numbers and patterns of third molar impaction and skeletal malocclusion types.
Comparison of the Effect of Interactive versus Non-interactive Virtual Education on General Physicians Knowledge and Attitude toward Oral Health in Diabetic Patients and Evaluation of their Satisfaction
Authors: Shevidi Zahra , Zolfaghari Mitra , Mohebbi Simin Z.
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Due to the high prevalence of diabetes in communities and the various oral health complications of this disease, a need for training the physicians treating diabetic patients is felt ؛This study aimed to compare the effect of interactive versus non-interactive virtual education on the knowledge and attitudes of physicians about oral health in diabetic patients and to assess their satisfaction from the programs.
Materials and Methods: The educational intervention was implemented through the online continuous medical education (CME) site of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Physicians applying to participate in the CME entered in one of the interactive or the non-interactive groups. After the training, the study questionnaires to assess knowledge (7 questions), attitude (8 questions), and backgrounds (6 questions), and physicians' satisfaction (12 questions) with the training in this project, was provided to them through the same site. The analyzes were performed by linear regression test in SPSS version 26.
Results: Totally 57 physicians, 27 in the interactive and 30 people in the non-interactive group participated. The score of knowledge and attitude were not different between the two groups after the intervention. Physicians' satisfaction with interactive education was significantly higher. Physicians' age showed a significant direct association (p < 0.100) and the percentage of diabetic patients examined by learners showed a significant negative association (p = 0.024) with their knowledge score.
Conclusion: Since physicians' satisfaction with interactive education has been significantly higher, it is suggested that this method be used in online CMEs.
Influence of interdental embrasures on interdental papilla
Authors: Kedia Sameer , Kumathalli Kanteshwari , Sridhar Raja , Parwani Simran , Tekade Satyajit , Warekar Ashish
Published: November 2022

Background: There is growing attention on anterior esthetics by both dentists and patients, which emphasizes the need for conduct of study encompassing the anatomical features of an embrasure and correlating with papilla fill. Hence the present study has been designed to meet these parameters, including food lodgement.
Aim:  To assess the influence of anatomical and morphological characteristics of interdental embrasures on interdental papilla and food lodgement.
Objectives: were set as the following:
1.Correlation of Modified Papilla Index Score (PIS) with interdental anatomical measurements as follows:
a. Distance between Contact Point and Bone Crest (CP-BC). b. Interdental Distance (IDD).c. Embrasure Space Area (EA).d. Crown Form (CF).e. Papilla Length (PL).
2.To determine the optimal dimensions of interdental embrasure between maxillary incisors so as to be completely filled by normal healthy interdental papilla.
3.To correlate occurrence of food lodgement with Modified Papilla Index Score (PIS) and Embrasure Space Area (EA).
Materials and methods : 532 patients aged 18-58 years who had fully erupted permanent dentition and healthy gingiva with probing depth ≤ 3mm were included into the study. Quantitative analysis of interdental papillae were done using clinical parameters along with radiographic examination.
Results : The clinical and radiographic assessment of 1312 interdental papillae revealed that the interdental anatomical factors viz (which are) CP-BC distance, IDD, EA, CF and PL significantly influenced the degree of papilla fill. The study also highlighted the possible occurrence of food lodgment in patients with open embrasures.
Conclusion : Embrasure anatomical parameters and papillary heightvary widely among individuals. Interdental papillary deficiency is a relative phenomenon since it is an outcome of net influence of all the other parameters.
The association between education received and working hours of nurses with knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the oral health of elderly in retirement homes
Authors: Yoosefi Saeedeh , Sargeran Katayoun , Rahimi Maryam
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Elderly people living in retirement homes are at higher risk of oral and maxillofacial diseases. Evidence has shown a clear relationship between poor oral health and possibility of aspiration pneumonia and gastrointestinal bleeding in old patients.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the association between education received and working hours of nurses with their knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the oral health of elderly in retirement homes.
Methods: In this analytical study conducted in 2021 in Tehran, nurses working in retirement homes were invited to complete a questionnaire including demographics, knowledge (8 questions), attitude (7 questions), practice (10 questions) and barriers (1 question). The results were analyzed with SPSS-25 using linear regression. 
Results: The mean age of the participants (n=78) was 40.28±8.9 years and 53.8% were female. Lack of cooperation among elders (56.4%) as well as lack of time (41.0%) were the most important barriers to oral health maintenance. Receiving education as a nurse/caregiver had positive relationship with the scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice. Age, frequency of regular dental visits and working time per week were significantly associated with practice.
Implications for Practice: Education received as a nurse/caregiver was an important predictor of oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses regarding elders. Due to the importance of oral health in general health of elderly, planning is needed to provide continuing education for nurses to oral health care and maintenance in older people.
Denosumab, an adjunctive method in central giant cell granuloma treatment: A case report
Authors: Rezaie Akbar , Dalili Kajan Zahra , Maleki Donya , Shokuhi Fard Reza , Golshekan Hadi
Published: November 2022

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign intraosseous pathology. A 17 years old male pa- tient was referred and diagnosed with CGCG from mandibular right first molar to mandibular left second premolar. Enucleation and curettage of the lesion were completed as the main treatment. Involved teeth on the right, 41, 42, 43, 44, and 45 (FDI) were extracted. As adjunctive therapy, 120 mg Denosumab was injected subcutaneously. The patient received sixteen sessions of therapy through 11 months. Two, sixteen, and eighteen months follow-up after the first session of injection showed an acceptable improvement in bone contour. The patient experienced no functional or aesthetic impairment. Alongside the promising results of Denosumab as adjunctive therapy in the management and treatment of diseases such as CGCG, some questions have remained unanswered and no protocol has been determined. The authors of the current study recommend further re- searches to confirm Denosumab as a potential adjunctive or alternative in the treatment of CGCG.
Evaluation of the temporomandibular disorders after orthognathic surgeries: a review
Authors: Khayamzadeh Mina , Razmara Farnoosh , Karizmeh Majid Salehi
Published: November 2022

Objective: Maxillofacial Orthognathic surgery is performed to repair or correct the skeletal anomalies of the jaw and its associated dental and facial structures. There is a conflict on whether orthognathic surgery has a negative or positive effect on temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The aim of this study is to review the disorders of the temporomandibular joint after orthognathic surgery.
Materials and Methods: Data for this review was obtained from the articles published be- tween 2010-2020 via PubMed, Google scholar, Web of Sciences, and Scopus engines. The content keywords matched those used in PubMed and Mesh engines. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria; 27 articles were included.
Results: Most of the selected articles were retrospective reviews and performed on class II and class III patients. Ages ranged from 19- 47 years. Pain reduction was reported in 11 studies, while 8 studies reported a click reduction post orthognathic operation. In 2 studies, decreased joint noises was reported after orthognathic operation, and 7 articles reported a decrease in maximum mouth opening. Three studies reported a Bilateral Sagittal split Osteotomy (BSSO) and in one study, re- duced and improved symptoms after Le Fort I + (BSSO) were reported. One study exhibited that BSSO orthognathic surgery is less predictable in reducing TMD symptoms in retrognathic patients. Three articles showed that orthognathic patients with TMJ click have a high predictive value.
Conclusion: To accomplish accurate results regarding temporomandibular joint disorders post orthognathic surgery; a larger number of subjects and clinical trial studies are required, as well as extended long term follow-up.
The proximal segment in sagittal split ramus osteotomy
Authors: Sharif Reza , Beshkar Majid , Shirani Gholamreza
Published: November 2022

Bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy is one of the most versatile techniques in orthognathic surgery that allows for the repositioning of the mandible in all directions. This osteotomy splits the mandible into two proximal condyle-bearing segments and one distal tooth-bearing segment. Intraoperatively, the surgeon is usually focused primarily on the proper positioning of the distal segment to achieve the planned amount of advancement or setback. However, particular attention should be paid to the position of the proximal segment, as improper positioning of the proximal segment during fixation gives rise to immediate or late relapse of the surgical outcomes. The goal of this paper is to provide some background knowledge about the proximal segment for the novice surgeons, based on a review of the relevant literature. What is the proper position of the proximal segment, and what is the best technique to guide the proximal segment into its proper position?. These questions do not have clear-cut answers that the majority of surgeons agree on.
The effect of die spacer on retention and fitting of complete cast crowns
Authors: Hajimahmoudi Mohammad Reza , Niakan Somayyeh , Mohebbi Hossein , Sarooghi Romina
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of multiple layers of die relief agent and different cement thickness on the retention of cast restorations using two different cements.
Materials and Methods: 144 standard stainless steel dies were divided into two groups. Each of them includes 72 dies. These groups were divided into 12 equal subgroups as well. In both groups, die spacer was applied to dies in 0, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 layers (each layer=5µ). In the first group, crowns were cemented with Zinc Phosphate and in the second group, Polycarboxylate was used for cementing. After that, the strength required for separating the castings from the dies was measured.
Results: The difference among 12 subgroups analyzed by one-way ANOVA regarding Polycar- boxylate cement did not reach statistical significance. (P=0.95). A similar result was obtained with zinc phosphate cement (P=0.616). Likewise, the two-way ANOVA was carried out between the zinc phosphate and polycarboxylate groups. There was a significant difference between the average of two groups (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Range of cement layer thickness that used in this study didn’t statistically signifi- cantly affect the force required to remove cemented cast copings. Although the castings cemented with Zinc Phosphate needed higher force to be dislodged from dies.
Assessment of knowledge and management of dentofacial traumatic injuries among Zanjan medical interns students (2021-2022)
Authors: Onagh Shima , Mirkeshavarz Masoumeh
Published: November 2022

Background and Aims: Maxillofacial traumas are common injuries caused by accidents and occurrences such as falls or injuries. In this study, we examined the knowledge and practice of medical interns in this field, due to the fact that after the accident general physicians and medical interns are the first line of treatment.
Materials and Methods: A two-part questionnaire was prepared including knowledge and practice that presents different scenarios of trauma emergencies. Questionnaires were distributed among medical interns. A total of 152 questionnaires were received and the data was analysed, statistically
Results: The results obtained from this study showed that the level of dependent parameters, i.e. knowledge and practice of participants did not have a significant relationship with independent variables, i.e. age, gender and the duration of internship expressed as months past. On the other hand, it was found that there is a low level of knowledge and poor practice (mean score of 22.2 and 55.5, respectively) among medical interns.
Conclusion: A focused training program is highly recommended and workshop sessions should be held to elevate the level of awareness and practice regarding dental trauma among medical interns.
Metastasis of mucinous adenocarcinoma of colon to the mandible: A case report
Authors: Derakhshan Samira , Moradzadeh Khiavi Monir , Borhani Hossein , Matloubi Narges
Published: November 2022

Metastatic disease to the oral cavity is rare, representing only 1-8% of oral malignancies, and involvement of the mandibular ramus is even less prevalent. This report is a unique case of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colorectal to the mandible. Clinical presentation can be quite variable, and most often a primary malignancy is already known. Jawbone metastasis are a sign of disseminated malignant neoplasms, with poor prognosis and usually an indication for palliative therapy. The requirement for arrival at an appropriate and prompt diagnosis is crucial for determining the most appropriate treatment regimens and improved outcomes. The oral metastatic lesion may be the first indication of an undiscovered distant primary tumor, making timely evaluation and treatment critical from an oncologic perspective. Here we report a known case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of colon who was referred due to a mandibular lesion.
Developing a model of satisfied remarriage; A qualitative research
Authors: Samari Safa Jafar , Zarei Eghbal , Najarpourian Samaneh , Mohamadi Kourush
Published: November 2022

Aim: Remarriage is a chance for people who have lost a spouse to re-experience cohabitation. The aim of this study was to provide a local model of satisfied remarriage.
Methods: This research was conducted qualitatively using the grounded theory approach in 2020. For this purpose, 21 couples living in Tehran who have had more than 3 years of remarriage were purposefully selected and surveyed using semi-structured interviews. Data were collected, recorded and then coded and classified into main categories.
Findings: The extracted concepts were classified into 124 open codes and 27 axial coding, which categories are more knowledge and insight in new life, sufficiency in choosing a spouse, logical understanding of remarriage, managing the challenge of accepting a new spouse by a child and vice versa, paying attention to commonalities and differences in marriage criteria, social support, support of family and friends, role of counseling and elders before marriage, quality of communication with spouse and ex-wife's family, effective communication skills, paying attention to spouse's concerns and wishes, appropriate self-disclosure at the time of choosing, trying to be aware, deep understanding of each other before marriage, awareness of the criteria for choosing a spouse, self-awareness, efficient coping strategies for individual, couple and family, among others, were necessary, and finally, the Selective Coding was chosen as "multilevel recognition and support".
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that the creation of a satisfactory remarriage depends on conscious choice and deep understanding of each other, honesty and clarification about the issues of the former life and the current marital relationship, and finally, a two-way effort to create a stable life. Specialists can help families and society by using the categories and concepts derived from this model in increasing the satisfaction and durability of remarriages and preventing divorce and its resulting damages.
Longing for my Desirable Self: A Thematic Analysis of Individuals' Narratives of their Breakups
Authors: Zamanshoar Elham , Rezaeian Hamid , Hosseinian Simin , Abdollahi Abbas
Published: November 2022

Aim: Romantic breakup has temporary and lasting effects on individual's psychological health. The aim of this study was to investigate the identity narrative of people with breakups.
Methods: Using purposive sampling method, 15 participants with breakup who met the inclusion criteria were selected. Their stories were collected using a modified form of "relationship narrative interview." Then, data were analyzed with thematic analysis method (Clark and Brown, 2015). After determining the sub-themes and main themes, a conceptual model of participant's narrative was presented.
Findings: Sixty-three sub-themes and 13 themes were formed during the analysis. The results show that participants tend to narrate the past as failure, the present as suspension, and the future as despair. The concept of the desirable self was hidden in their narratives, the desirable self that the individual had experienced or was in search of in that particular relationship.
Conclusion: Based on the results, it seems that people with romantic breakup who are experiencing a state of interruption in their transition, have a kind of rupture in their identity narrative that they feel they cannot repair. The results of this study can be effective in better understanding their identity narrative and possibly creating a psychological intervention for this situation.
The Mediating role of Loneliness in the Relationship between Parent-Adolescent Conflict and Emotional Dysregulation in Adolescents
Authors: Azizi Tayebeh , Amiri Hassan , Afshari Nia Karim
Published: November 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the fit of the model of structural relationship between parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation, with the mediating role of loneliness in adolescents in Tehran.
Methods: The statistical population of the study included adolescents aged 13 to 18 years in Tehran. Using available sampling method, 400 people (200 female adolescents and 200 male adolescents) were selected as the sample and used the Asadi and Younesi adolescent parent conflict questionnaire (1390), Russell (1996) revised feelings of loneliness, and Graz and Romer (2004) responded to emotional dysregulation. Structural equation model was used to analyze the data.
Findings:The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and emotion dysregulation (p<0.05). Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation with the mediating role of loneliness (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on research findings, it can be concluded that feeling lonely with the occurrence of emotions such as depression, anxiety, and fatigue can play a mediating role between parent-adolescent conflict and emotion disorder.
The Mediating Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in the Relationship between Domestic Violence, Attachment Styles and Women's Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Hashemi Fatemeh , Keshavarz Afshar Hossein , Gholamali Lavasani Masoud
Published: November 2022

Aim:  The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cognitive emotion regulation mediators in the relationship between domestic violence, attachment styles and women's psychological well-being.
Methods: All married women in Tehran in 2021 formed the statistical population of the present study, from which 360 people were selected through available sampling method. Data was collected using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnesgi and Craig, 2006), Psychological Well-Being (Reef 1995), Adult Attachment (Collins and Reed, 1990), and Domestic Violence (Sherin, Cena, Core, Lee, Zitter, & Shaquille, 1998). Data were analyzed through path analysis using the SPSS software version 25 and PLS version 3.3.
Findings: The results showed that the direct effect of secure attachement on women's psychological well-being was significant (p<0.05). Direct effect of avoidant attachement and domestic violence on non-adapted strategies is significant (p<0.05). The direct effect of adapted strategies on women's psychological well-being is significant (p<0.05). Uncompromised strategies play a mediating role in the relationship between caring attachment style and women's psychological well-being (p<0.05). The direct effect of adapted strategies on women's psychological well-being is not significant (p<0.05). The direct environment of attachment, secure attachment and domestic violence is significant on adapted strategies (p <0.05). Adapted strategies do not mediate the relationship between attachment style, domestic violence and women's psychological well-being (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, their psychological well-being can be increased by strengthening secure attachment and teaching women cognitive regulation strategies.
Analyzing Teachers' beliefs about the Desired Classroom: A Phenomenological Study of the Intellectual System of High School Teachers
Authors: Rostam Abadi Zahra , Seydi Mohammad Sajjad , Golmohammadian Mohsen
Published: November 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study is to analyze teachers' beliefs about the desirable classroom. Teachers' beliefs about a desirable and ideal classroom are important in the sense that these beliefs shape teachers' expectations, actions, and behaviors in the classroom and influence better education that meets students' needs.
  Methods: The method of study was qualitative and phenomenological and the data were analyzed using Culizzi method. The population of the study consisted of all teachers in the first and second grade of Kermanshah city during the academic year 2018-2019, of whom 15 individuals were selected through purposeful sampling for in-depth interviews. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded through Epochs method.
Findings: After analyzing the data, 3 main categories were obtained. The categories of behavior-oriented beliefs, which includes the subcategories of multidimensional upbringing, control, boundaries, non-discrimination-justice and personality. The category of relationship-oriented beliefs include empathy and acceptance, knowing the psychological world, teacher's self-disclosure, relationship with peers, motivation and interest, support, respect and trust, counseling and consultation, teacher's relationship with parents, modeling, changing and cultivating personality traits, and family. Also, beliefs aimed at teaching under the categories of knowledge, attention to individual differences, teaching method (transfer of concepts), educational technology, teacher's appearance, physical structure of the class, time, learning, educational level, limitations, teacher's age, teacher's experience, the role of education includes student's readiness, and intelligence.
Conclusions: According to the findings of this research, it can be said that teachers' beliefs about the desirable classroom have a wide range that is not limited to the behavior of the teacher or student and other factors such as family, teacher relationship with parents, physical structure of the class and teaching style also affect this.
The Effectiveness of a Social Rehabilitation Program based on Social-Cognitive Theory on the Self-Efficacy of People with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Badakhshian Samira al-Sadat , Samiee Fatemeh
Published: November 2022

Aim: Spinal cord injury is one of the problems of human societies that changes the path of individual’s life and creates a great number of problems in physical, psycological, job, ecoconomic, and family aspects. The purpose of this study is to focus on the self-efficacy of people with spinal cord injury.
Methods: For this research, single case study was used. For this, purposive sampling was used and 3 people with spinal cord injury were selected receiving 8 sessions of individual intervention, and occupational rehabilitation program training based on social cognitive theory. For data collection, Lutans psychological capital questionnaire was used. The results were analyzed using visual analysis, change reliability index (RCI), and recovery percentage (MPI).
Findings: The results showed that a rehabilitation program based on social cognitive theory can increase the self-efficacy of people with spinal cord injury (1/96).
Conclusion: By using a vocational rehabilitation program and social cognitive theory, in which guidance and skills training, such as substitution training or role modeling,  social encouragement, positive feedback, stimulation of psychological capital, as well as providing information were utilized. This showed self-efficacy can be increased in people with spinal cord injury.
The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion among Parents with Respect to the Relationship between Parenting Styles and Children's Happiness
Authors: Nasimi Monireh , Jafari Forough , Navabinejad Shokouh
Published: November 2022

Aim: The present research aimed at investigating the relationship between parenting styles and children's happiness with the mediating role of parents' self-compassion among junior high school students in city of Tehran in the school year of 2018-2019.
Methods: The study employed descriptive-correlational methodology. The population included junior high-school students with their mothers living in Tehran. Sample included 384 students along with their mothers who were selected through multistage clustering method. Three questionnaires were used in this study: Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Baumrind's Parenting Style Questionnaire, and Neff's Self-compassion Questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed through Path Analysis and Lisrel.
Findings: The results showed that the mediating role of parenting style was not significant with respect to the relationship between self-compassion and children's happiness (p>0/05). However, the direct effects of three variables of self-compassion, authoritarian parenting, and strict parenting were found to be meaningful (p<0/05). The direction effect of dictatorial style on happiness was negative. The direction effect of self-compassion and strict style on happiness was positive. The aforementioned variables predict 49% of the score variance in happiness.
Conclusion: The presence of self-love in parents and the use of authoritative parenting style can lead to the formation of positive behaviors in parents in a way that makes the conditions of family life favorable for children and increases happiness in children.
The Mediating Role of Coping Styles and Locus of Control in the Relationship between Personality Dimensions and Life Satisfaction among Iranian and Armenian students
Authors: Heidari Mohammad Hassan , Azadfallah Parvaz , Alipour Ahmad
Published: November 2022

Aim: This study aimed to explain the relationship between personality model and life satisfaction with the mediating role of coping styles and locus of control among Iranian and Armenian students.
Methods: The present study population included all Iranian and Armenian students who were studying in Iranian and Armenian universities in the 2009-2010 academic years. For sampling, 768 Iranian and 768 foreign students were selected using a random sampling method. Data were obtained using the NEO (1985) Five-Factor Personality Questionnaire, Carver's Stress Coping (1989), Rutter's Locus of Control (1996), and the Life Satisfaction of Diner et al. (1985). Correlation and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The results showed that all direct paths in the model except the effect of the agreement on the locus of control were significant. Also, all indirect paths except the path of the effect of the agreement on life satisfaction through the locus of control and the path of the effect of conscientiousness on life satisfaction were significant with the mediating role of the negative emotion-oriented style. Finally, there was a significant relationship between personality traits and locus of control, and coping styles and satisfaction in Iranian and Armenian students (P<0.05) and the assumed model had a good fit.
Conclusion: As a result, people with an internal locus of control, conscientiousness, flexibility, and a problem-oriented coping style have more life satisfaction.
The Influence of Alternative Field-Based Experiences on Preservice Physical Education Teachers’ Perceptions of Assessment
Authors: Stephenson Rachyl , Starck Jenna , Hamilton Xiaofen
Published: November 2022

This study employed occupational socialization theory to explore three physical education preservice teachers’ (PSTs) perceptions of assessment during an alternative field-based experience. A phenomenological approach guided this study, and data were collected through autobiographies, lesson plans, video recordings of teachings, and three rounds of interviews per participant. Data were examined through thematic collaborative qualitative analysis. Three major themes emerged: (a) out of sight, out of mind: assessment disappears in actual teaching practices; (b) PSTs valued assessment; and (c) PSTs’ socialization impacted assessment practices. There were subsequent subthemes within each theme. The results suggested PSTs valued assessment; however, their socialization influenced their lack of assessment implementation even with supports at the alternative field-based setting.
Male Coaches’ Sexual Harassment, Abuse, and Assault as Perceived by Female Athletes in India and Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Md. Dilsad , Cardinal Bradley J. , Khan Salahuddin , Ali Khan Babar , Begum Shaheen
Published: November 2022

The #MeToo Movement has brought sexual harassment, abuse, and assault experienced by females to the forefront of society. Within the athletic realm, this falls under the umbrella term “maltreatment of athletes.” While maltreatment has been reported for decades, victims’ voices have been amplified in recent years. For various political and social reasons, the maltreatment of female athletes from around the world is not as well understood. In this study, female athletes from India and Pakistan reported their perceptions of maltreatment by male coaches. Female athletes with male coaches in both countries participated in this study (N = 395). The athletes represented a large variety of sports (> 26). Participants (Mage = 20.57 ± 2.59; Myears of athletic experience = 2.73 ± 1.49) completed the Sport-Specific Touch and Behaviour Versus Unwanted Intimacy From Coaches questionnaire. Three composite dependent variables were assessed: Unwanted Sexual Behavior, Physical and Verbal Behavior With a Sexual Undertone, and Sexist and Discriminatory Behavior. Main effect differences for the three composite variables were observed for country (p < .001, η2 = .30), with no differences observed for type of sport or the interaction effect. The Pakistani athletes reported greater acceptance of male coaches’ maltreatment than did the Indian athletes. The observed differences were large (i.e., Hedges’ g values ranging from 1.91 to 3.00). Female athletes from Pakistan were more accepting than were Indian athletes of a wide range of sexual maltreatment experiences by their male coaches. There is an urgent need to eradicate such behaviors from the sports world.
The Cognitive Effect of a Unified Flag Football Program in Young Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: The Exploratory Study
Authors:   Mississippi State University, Chen Chih-Chia (JJ) , Ryuh Yonjoong , Mackey Kathryn
Published: November 2022

This study investigated the cognitive effect of a unified flag football program in young adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). Twelve participants practiced football drills with their typical peers for 50 min each session, twice a week for 15 weeks. Measures of three aspects of executive functions (e.g., verbal working memory, measured as digit span task; cognitive planning proficiency, measured as Tower of London task; and response inhibition, measured as Stroop color and word task) were tested before and after the program. Although the benefits in the digit span and Stroop tasks were not seen, participants with ID significantly improved performance in the Tower of London task. The cognitive benefits in executive function from this unified sport program were still evident. Our preliminary findings encourage individuals with ID to attend sport programs for mental health. In future studies, large sample size and additional supporting measures should be included to generalize the findings to the general population with ID.
The Relationship Between Physical Education and Daily Physical Activity Among Children and Youth: A Narrative Overview
Authors: Fröberg Andreas
Published: November 2022

the promotion of physical activity since virtually all children and youth can be reached. Physical education is mandatory in many countries and offers unique opportunities for the promotion of physical activity among children and youth. However, since physical education represents a rather small proportion of the total waking hours among children and youth, it is important to determine the influence of physical education on daily physical activity among children and youth. While studies indicate that children and youth are physically active during physical education and that interventions might increase physical activity even further, the individual contribution of physical education to daily physical activity appears promising but not conclusive.
Teacher Perceptions of the Tennessee Student Growth Measures in Physical Education
Authors: Estel Layne Todd , Irwin Carol , Simonton Kelly
Published: November 2022

Few states have implemented an evaluation system to measure teacher efficiency through the use of student growth measures within physical education. Evaluation procedures can be extensive and have the potential for reduced active student learning time in addition to reduced teacher discernment. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze teacher perceptions of a current state evaluation system that measures teacher efficiency within physical education. The overarching goal of this research was to help improve overall physical education instruction through high-quality evaluation systems. This study employed a mixed-methods design due to the collection of survey data, which included quantitative results and responses to open-ended questions during the focus group (qualitative). Forty-five (26 male, 19 female) teacher participants completed the online survey questionnaire (Phase 1), and 17 (6 male, 11 female) teachers volunteered to participate in follow-up focus group interviews (Phase 2). An electronic survey designed to obtain feedback regarding the student growth measures system was sent to all participants. Once surveys were collected, two focus group sessions occurred during an in-service for all physical education teachers. Survey data and interviews were analyzed. Results show that teachers believe the intent of the Tennessee Student Growth Measures portfolio is good and can provide potential benefits to teachers. However, adjustments that better support teachers, students, and the physical education program should occur. It is the duty of state leaders to improve the portfolio system to help maintain high-quality PE teachers.
Understanding the Factors That Influence Motivation and Experiences in High School Physical Education
Authors: Cosgrove Miller Brenna , Edwards Elizabeth S. , Nye Susan
Published: November 2022

In comparison to children, adolescents achieve significantly less physical activity (PA). Additionally, activity differences exist among genders and race/ethnicities. One means of influencing the PA habits of adolescents is high school physical education. Although PE class reaches students of all ages, genders, and races, motivation and experiences across these groups appear to differ. The purpose of this study was to determine if PE descriptors, motivators, and experiences in ninth- and 10th-grade students differed across gender, race/ethnicity, and grade. Ninth- and 10th-grade students (n = 698) completed a questionnaire about the factors that influence their motivation and experiences in PE class. Responses were compared across gender, race/ethnicity, and grade. Primary findings show that males and freshmen had more positive experiences in PE class than females and sophomores, respectively. Additionally, Caucasian students had more negative experiences in PE class in comparison to students of any other race/ethnicity. These findings illustrate the necessity for PE teacher sensitivity when they teach students of different genders, grades, and ethnic backgrounds. Special attention should be given to the social aspect of PE classes among females, student transition from middle school to high school, and the varying experiences in PE of students of different races/ethnicities. The results demonstrate the need for future research in this area.
Breast cancer-derived extracellular vesicles are the source of functional metabolic enzymes as potential targets for cancer therapy
Authors:   University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Berezovski M.V. , Veprintsev D.V. ,   Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the SB RAS
Published: November 2022

In this work, intracellular vesicles (MVs) of breast cancer were studied. These vesicles are a source of potential targets for breast cancer therapy. This study shows that MVs carry functional metabolic enzymes and provides a framework for future studies of their biological role in BC and potential in therapeutic applications
Aptamer-based radiopharmaceutical for PET/CT detection of lung cancer
Authors:   Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Belugin K.V. , Ozerskay A.V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Chanchikova N.G. ,   Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Tokarev N.A. ,   Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Volzhentsev A.A. ,   Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Badmaev O.N. ,   Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Veprintsev D.V. ,   Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the SB RAS
Published: November 2022

The paper describes a new radiopharmaceutical for diagnosis of lung cancer obtained on the basis of a radiolabeled 11C oligonucleotide and the study of its effectiveness in-vivo. As a result of the synthesis, an aptamer to lung cancer containing 11С in the 3'-position was obtained and remained stable for 60 minutes. Prior to xenotransplantation of human lung cancer cells, the mice were immunosuppressed. Tumour volumes and locations were monitored using PET/CT. The study of accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical in the organs of mice in vivo has shown that the 11C-labeled lung cancer aptamer specifically binds to lung cancer cells. A radiopharmaceutical based on 11C-labeled LC aptamer against lung cancer is a promising drug for lung cancer diagnosing
Targeted delivery of cisplatin conjugates with arabinogalactan to tumor using aptamers
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian, Starkov A.K. , Titova N.M. ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: November 2022

The effectiveness of targeted delivery of cisplatin conjugate with arabinogalactan to ascitic Ehrlich carcinoma in vivo using the target ligand, the AS42 aptamer, was studied in this work. Studies conducted on male ICR mice with ascitic Ehrlich carcinoma. Antitumor therapy was carried out with cisplatin and an arabinogalactan-platinum complex (AG-Pt) and an AG-Pt complex modified with aptamers to ascitic Ehrlich carcinoma cells. The toxicity of drugs was determined on the basis of biochemical parameters of blood in healthy mice after 5-fold administration. In our studies, cisplatin treatment of Ehrlich's ascitic carcinoma for 2 weeks led to the death of 6 out of 10 animals. The toxicity of the AG-Pt complex and the AG-Pt complex modified with the aptamer was not revealed. The number of tumor cells during therapy with cisplatin conjugates decreased by 10 times compared with the control. А new promising antitumor drug based on the standard drug cisplatin, which is more effective and less toxic, was presented in the work.