bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation in ischemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Yao Weifeng , Han Xue , Ge Mian , Chen Chaojin , Xiao Xue , Li Haobo , Hei Ziqing
Published: June 2020

Ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is common during surgery and often results in organ dysfunction. The mechanisms of I/R injury are complex, diverse, and not well understood. RNA methylation is a novel epigenetic modification that is involved in the regulation of various biological processes, such as immunity, response to DNA damage, tumorigenesis, metastasis, stem cell renewal, fat differentiation, circadian rhythms, cell development and differentiation, and cell division. Research on RNA modifications, specifically N6-methyladenosine (m6A), have confirmed that they are involved in the regulation of organ I/R injury. In this review, we summarized current understanding of the regulatory roles and significance of m6A RNA methylation in I/R injury in different organs.
LncRNA ENST00000563492 promoting the osteogenesis–angiogenesis coupling process in bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by functions as a ceRNA for miR-205-5p
Authors: Ouyang Zhengxiao , Tan Tingting , Zhang Xianghong , Wan Jia , Zhou Yanling , Jiang Guangyao , Yang Daishui , Liu Tang
Published: June 2020

Pain, physical dysfunction, and mental disorders caused by bone nonunion bring great burden to patients. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) isolated from bone nonunion patients with poor proliferation and osteogenic ability are compared with that from normal bone-healing patients. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNAs that are more than 200 nucleotides in length, lack an open-reading frame encoding a protein, and have little or no protein-coding function, and could regulate gene expression, which is involved in the regulation of important life activities, such as growth, development, aging, and death at epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. In this study, we intended to investigate the difference of lncRNA expression between patients with nonunion and normal fracture healing. Our result found that lncRNA ENST00000563492 was downregulated in bone nonunion tissues. LncRNA ENST00000563492 promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs through upregulating the expression of CDH11. On the other hand, LncRNA ENST0000563492 could improve the osteogenesis–angiogenesis coupling process through enhancing the expression of VEGF during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. LncRNA ENST00000563492 functions as a ceRNA for miR-205-5p that was targeting CDH11 and VEGF. LncRNA ENST00000563492 could promote the osteogenesis of BMSCs in vivo. Our result indicated that lncRNA ENST00000563492 may be a new target for bone nonunion.
Author Correction: Search and rescue at sea aided by hidden flow structures
Authors: Serra Mattia , Sathe Pratik , Rypina Irina , Kirincich Anthony , Ross Shane D. , Lermusiaux Pierre , Allen Arthur , Peacock Thomas , Haller George
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Large Josephson current in Weyl nodal loop semimetals due to odd-frequency superconductivity
Authors: Parhizgar Fariborz , Black-Schaffer Annica M.
Published: June 2020

Weyl nodal loop semimetals (WNLs) host a closed nodal line loop Fermi surface in the bulk, protected zero-energy flat band, or drumhead, surface states, and strong spin-polarization. The large density of states of the drumhead states makes WNL semimetals exceedingly prone to electronic ordering. At the same time, the spin-polarization naively prevents conventional superconductivity due to its spin-singlet nature. Here we show the complete opposite: WNLs are extremely promising materials for superconducting Josephson junctions, entirely due to odd-frequency superconductivity. By sandwiching a WNL between two conventional superconductors we theoretically demonstrate the presence of very large Josephson currents, even up to orders of magnitude larger than for normal metals. The large currents are generated both by an efficient transformation of spin-singlet pairs into odd-frequency spin-triplet pairing by the Weyl dispersion and the drumhead states ensuring exceptionally proximity effect. As a result, WNL Josephson junctions offer unique possibilities for detecting and exploring odd-frequency superconductivity.
Author Correction: Comparative genomic analysis of eutherian connexin genes
Authors: Premzl Marko
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
NTAL is associated with treatment outcome, cell proliferation and differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Thomé Carolina Hassibe , Ferreira Germano Aguiar , Pereira-Martins Diego Antonio , dos Santos Guilherme Augusto , Ortiz César Alexander , de Souza Lucas Eduardo Botelho , Sobral Lays Martins , Silva Cleide Lúcia Araújo , Scheucher Priscila Santos , Gil Cristiane Damas , Leopoldino Andréia Machado , Silveira Douglas R. A. , Coelho-Silva Juan L. , Traina Fabíola , Koury Luisa C. , Melo Raul A. M. , Bittencourt Rosane , Pagnano Katia , Pasquini Ricardo , Nunes Elenaide C. , Fagundes Evandro M. , Gloria Ana Beatriz F. , Kerbauy Fábio Rodrigues , Chauffaille Maria de Lourdes , Keating Armand , Tallman Martin S. , Ribeiro Raul C. , Dillon Richard , Ganser Arnold , Löwenberg Bob , Valk Peter , Lo-Coco Francesco , Sanz Miguel A. , Berliner Nancy , Faça Vitor Marcel , Rego Eduardo M.
Published: June 2020

Non-T cell activation linker (NTAL) is a lipid raft-membrane protein expressed by normal and leukemic cells and involved in cell signaling. In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), NTAL depletion from lipid rafts decreases cell viability through regulation of the Akt/PI3K pathway. The role of NTAL in APL cell processes, and its association with clinical outcome, has not, however, been established. Here, we show that reduced levels of NTAL were associated with increased all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced differentiation, generation of reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, NTAL-knockdown (NTAL-KD) in APL cell lines led to activation of Ras, inhibition of Akt/mTOR pathways, and increased expression of autophagy markers, leading to an increased apoptosis rate following arsenic trioxide treatment. Furthermore, NTAL-KD in NB4 cells decreased the tumor burden in (NOD scid gamma) NSG mice, suggesting its implication in tumor growth. A retrospective analysis of NTAL expression in a cohort of patients treated with ATRA and anthracyclines, revealed that NTAL overexpression was associated with a high leukocyte count (P = 0.007) and was independently associated with shorter overall survival (Hazard Ratio: 3.6; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.17–11.28; P = 0.026). Taken together, our data highlights the importance of NTAL in APL cell survival and response to treatment.
Proton Transport in Aluminum-Substituted Mesoporous Silica Channel-Embedded High-Temperature Anhydrous Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Seo Kwangwon , Nam Ki-Ho , Han Haksoo
Published: June 2020

Polymer composite membrane technology is promising for enhancing the performance of membrane electrode assemblies for high-temperature fuel cells. In this study, we developed a novel anhydrous proton-exchange polybenzimidazole (m-PBI) composite membrane using Al-substituted mesoporous silica (Al-MCM-41) as a proton-carrier support. The surface-substituted Al-MCM-41 formed effective proton-transport pathways via its periodic hexagonal channel and improved the proton conductivity. The proton conductivity of an m-PBI filled with 9 wt.% filler was 0.356 S cm-1 at 160 °C and 0% humidity, representing an increase of 342% compared to that of a pristine m-PBI. Further, the current density at 0.6 V and maximum power density of m-PBI composite membranes were increased to 0.393 A cm-2 and 0.516 W cm-2, respectively. The enhanced fuel-cell performance was attributed to the proton-transfer channels and H3PO4 reservoirs formed by the mesopores of the Al-MCM-41 shell. The results indicated that Al-MCM-41 is suitable with respect to the hybrid homologues for enhancing the proton transport of the m-PBI membrane.
Leveraging risk maps of malaria vector abundance to guide control efforts reduces malaria incidence in Eastern Province, Zambia
Authors: Larsen David A. , Martin Anne , Pollard Derek , Nielsen Carrie F. , Hamainza Busiku , Burns Matthew , Stevenson Jennifer , Winters Anna
Published: June 2020

Although transmission of malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases is geographically heterogeneous, in sub-Saharan Africa risk maps are rarely used to determine which communities receive vector control interventions. We compared outcomes in areas receiving different indoor residual spray (IRS) strategies in Eastern Province, Zambia: (1) concentrating IRS interventions within a geographical area, (2) prioritizing communities to receive IRS based on predicted probabilities of Anopheles funestus, and (3) prioritizing communities to receive IRS based on observed malaria incidence at nearby health centers. Here we show that the use of predicted probabilities of An. funestus to guide IRS implementation saw the largest decrease in malaria incidence at health centers, a 13% reduction (95% confidence interval = 5–21%) compared to concentrating IRS geographically and a 37% reduction (95% confidence interval = 30–44%) compared to targeting IRS based on health facility incidence. These results suggest that vector control programs could produce better outcomes by prioritizing IRS according to malaria-vector risk maps.
Tracing human mobility in central Europe during the Upper Paleolithic using sub-seasonally resolved Sr isotope records in ornaments
Authors: Kowalik Nina , Anczkiewicz Robert , Wilczyński Jarosław , Wojtal Piotr , Müller Wolfgang , Bondioli Luca , Nava Alessia , Gasparik Mihály
Published: June 2020

Mobility of people and goods during the Upper Paleolithic has proven difficult to reconstruct given the relative rareness of remains. Nevertheless, archaeological contexts like the Late Pleistocene horizon of Borsuka Cave (Southern Poland) represent a unique opportunity to explore patterns of objects’ transportation across Central Europe. We investigated the origin of four ornaments made of European elk (Alces alces L.) incisors recovered at Borsuka Cave – the oldest known burial site in Poland, possibly a child grave. Laser-ablation plasma source mass spectrometric analyses of trace elements and Sr isotopic compositions revealed that one elk was roaming within a geologically uniform area while the others changed their pastures during their lifetimes. The non-local origin of the elk teeth is inferred from their exotic Sr isotopic compositions and the lack of evidence for the presence of elk in this territory during the Pleistocene. Instead, the elks’ Sr isotopic composition show good agreement with sites near the Austria-Slovakia border region and northern Hungary, ~250 km away from the study site. We argue that the artefacts were most likely brought to Borsuka Cave by humans or by a network of exchange, so far never reported in the time range 32.5–28.8 ka cal BP for Southern Poland.
Mapping and accuracy assessment of siltation of recharge dams using remote sensing technique
Authors: Rajendran Sankaran , Nasir Sobhi , Jabri Khalifa Al
Published: June 2020

This study demonstrates the use of ASTER data to map the siltation of the Al-Khod Dam constructed at the lower reaches of Samail Catchment area, north Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. In this study, the decorrelated image of spectral bands 6, 3, and 1 clearly discriminated the distribution of siltation. The occurrence of siltation is confirmed by the detection of minerals using the VNIR-SWIR bands by the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) method. In addition, the siltation of the dam is studied for the years 1987 to 2018 using Landsat satellite images. Interpretation of images showed a gradual increase of the siltation. Mapping accuracy for the occurrence of siltation is assessed by a confusion matrix which produced an overall accuracy of 97.88% and Kappa coefficient of 0.98 in the Maximum Likelihood method. Results of image analyses are verified in the field and confirmed through laboratory analyses. The study of spectral absorption characters of field samples using a Portable Infrared Mineral Analyzer (PIMA) showed the presence of OH molecule bearing minerals (clays, serpentines, etc.) and carbonate minerals (calcite and dolomite) in the silt deposits. The occurrence of these minerals is confirmed further by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analyses.
Females have higher myocardial perfusion, blood volume and extracellular volume compared to males – an adenosine stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance study
Authors: Nickander Jannike , Themudo Raquel , Sigfridsson Andreas , Xue Hui , Kellman Peter , Ugander Martin
Published: June 2020

Knowledge on sex differences in myocardial perfusion, blood volume (MBV), and extracellular volume (ECV) in healthy individuals is scarce and conflicting. Therefore, this was investigated quantitatively by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Healthy volunteers (n = 41, 51% female) underwent CMR at 1.5 T. Quantitative MBV [%] and perfusion [ml/min/g] maps were acquired during adenosine stress and at rest following an intravenous contrast bolus (0.05 mmol/kg, gadobutrol). Native T1 maps were acquired before and during adenosine stress, and after contrast (0.2 mmol/kg) at rest and during adenosine stress, rendering rest and stress ECV maps. Compared to males, females had higher perfusion, ECV, and MBV at stress, and perfusion and ECV at rest (p < 0.01 for all). Multivariate linear regression revealed that sex and MBV were associated with perfusion (sex beta −0.31, p = 0.03; MBV beta −0.37, p = 0.01, model R2 = 0.29, p < 0.01) while sex and hematocrit were associated with ECV (sex beta −0.33, p = 0.03; hematocrit beta −0.48, p < 0.01, model R2 = 0.54, p < 0.001). Myocardial perfusion, MBV, and ECV are higher in female healthy volunteers compared to males. Sex is an independent contributor to perfusion and ECV, beyond other physiological factors that differ between the sexes. These findings provide mechanistic insight into sex differences in myocardial physiology.
Far-UVC light (222 nm) efficiently and safely inactivates airborne human coronaviruses
Authors: Buonanno Manuela , Welch David , Shuryak Igor , Brenner David J.
Published: June 2020

A direct approach to limit airborne viral transmissions is to inactivate them within a short time of their production. Germicidal ultraviolet light, typically at 254 nm, is effective in this context but, used directly, can be a health hazard to skin and eyes. By contrast, far-UVC light (207–222 nm) efficiently kills pathogens potentially without harm to exposed human tissues. We previously demonstrated that 222-nm far-UVC light efficiently kills airborne influenza virus and we extend those studies to explore far-UVC efficacy against airborne human coronaviruses alpha HCoV-229E and beta HCoV-OC43. Low doses of 1.7 and 1.2 mJ/cm2 inactivated 99.9% of aerosolized coronavirus 229E and OC43, respectively. As all human coronaviruses have similar genomic sizes, far-UVC light would be expected to show similar inactivation efficiency against other human coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2. Based on the beta-HCoV-OC43 results, continuous far-UVC exposure in occupied public locations at the current regulatory exposure limit (~3 mJ/cm2/hour) would result in ~90% viral inactivation in ~8 minutes, 95% in ~11 minutes, 99% in ~16 minutes and 99.9% inactivation in ~25 minutes. Thus while staying within current regulatory dose limits, low-dose-rate far-UVC exposure can potentially safely provide a major reduction in the ambient level of airborne coronaviruses in occupied public locations.
Ursodeoxycholic acid improves feto-placental and offspring metabolic outcomes in hypercholanemic pregnancy
Authors: Borges Manna Luiza , Papacleovoulou Georgia , Flaviani Flavia , Pataia Vanessa , Qadri Asaad , Abu-Hayyeh Shadi , McIlvride Saraid , Jansen Eugene , Dixon Peter , Chambers Jennifer , Vazquez-Lopez Marta , Wahlström Annika , Kitaba Negusse , Marschall Hanns-Ulrich , Godfrey Keith M. , Lillycrop Karen , Williamson Catherine
Published: June 2020

Perturbations in the intrauterine environment can result in lifelong consequences for metabolic health during postnatal life. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) can predispose offspring to metabolic disease in adulthood, likely due to a combination of the effects of increased bile acids, maternal dyslipidemia and deranged maternal and fetal lipid homeostasis. Whereas ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a commonly used treatment for ICP, no studies have yet addressed whether it can also prevent the metabolic effects of ICP in the offspring and fetoplacental unit. We therefore analyzed the lipid profile of fetal serum from untreated ICP, UDCA-treated ICP and uncomplicated pregnancies and found that UDCA ameliorates ICP-associated fetal dyslipidemia. We then investigated the effects of UDCA in a mouse model of hypercholanemic pregnancy and showed that it induces hepatoprotective mechanisms in the fetal liver, reduces hepatic fatty acid synthase (Fas) expression and improves glucose tolerance in the adult offspring. Finally, we showed that ICP leads to epigenetic changes in pathways of relevance to the offspring phenotype. We therefore conclude that UDCA can be used as an intervention in pregnancy to reduce features of metabolic disease in the offspring of hypercholanemic mothers.
RNA-seq reveals altered gene expression levels in proximal tubular cell cultures compared to renal cortex but not during early glucotoxicity
Authors: Nilsson Linnéa M. , Castresana-Aguirre Miguel , Scott Lena , Brismar Hjalmar
Published: June 2020

Cell cultures are often used to study physiological processes in health and disease. It is well-known that cells change their gene expression in vitro compared to in vivo, but it is rarely experimentally addressed. High glucose is a known trigger of apoptosis in proximal tubular cells (PTC). Here we used RNA-seq to detect differentially expressed genes in cultures of primary rat PTC, 3 days old, compared to cells retrieved directly from rat outer renal cortex and between PTC exposed to 15 mM glucose and control for 8 h. The expression of 6,174 genes was significantly up- or downregulated in the cultures of PTC compared to the cells in the outer renal cortex. Most altered were mitochondrial and metabolism related genes. Gene expression of proapoptotic proteins were upregulated and gene expression of antiapoptotic proteins were downregulated in PTC. Expression of transporter related genes were generally downregulated. After 8 h, high glucose had not altered the gene expression in PTC. The current study provides evidence that cells alter their gene expression in vitro compared to in vivo and suggests that short-term high glucose exposure can trigger apoptosis in PTC without changing the gene expression levels of apoptotic proteins.
Author Correction: A Randomised Controlled Trial on the Effectiveness and Adherence of Modified Alternate-day Calorie Restriction in Improving Activity of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Johari Muhammad Izzad , Yusoff Khairiah , Haron Juhara , Nadarajan Chandran , Ibrahim Khairun Nisah , Wong Mung Seong , Hafidz Muhammad Ilham Abdul , Chua Bee Eng , Hamid Nurhazwani , Arifin Wan Nor , Ma Zheng Feei , Lee Yeong Yeh
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Low-molecular-weight-heparin increases Th1- and Th17-associated chemokine levels during pregnancy in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Roepke E. Rasmark , Bruno V. , Nedstrand E. , Boij R. , Strid C. Petersson , Piccione E. , Berg G. , Svensson-Arvelund J. , Jenmalm M. C. , Rubér M. , Ernerudh J.
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Genome-based Salmonella serotyping as the new gold standard
Authors: Banerji Sangeeta , Simon Sandra , Tille Andreas , Fruth Angelika , Flieger Antje
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Concurrent detection and treatment of cyanide-contaminated water using mechanosynthesized receptors
Authors: Nair Ratish R. , Raju M. , Debnath Snehasish , Ghosh Riya , Chatterjee Pabitra B.
Published: June 2020

A series of mechanosynthesized molecular probes that not only detect cyanide in water and human blood plasma but also function as remediation agents.
Synergistic repulsive interactions trigger pathway complexity
Authors: Helmers Ingo , Niehues Maximilian , Kartha Kalathil K. , Ravoo Bart Jan , Fernández Gustavo
Published: June 2020

We demonstrate the impact of synergistic repulsive interactions on pathway complexity in aqueous media.
Aqueous recognition of purine and pyrimidine bases by an anthracene-based macrocyclic receptor
Authors: Van Eker Danny , Samanta Soumen K. , Davis Anthony P.
Published: June 2020

Hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding are preorganised to achieve strong binding by this water-soluble receptor.
Porphyrin nanoribbon-based spin filtering devices
Authors: Bhattacharyya Gargee , Kumawat Rameshwar L. , Pathak Biswarup
Published: June 2020

Advancement in molecular electronics opens up another new domain with a new possibility of realizing its spin-polarized version, which is called molecular spintronics.
Na-Based monolayer photocatalysts with an extremely high intrinsic electric-field for water splitting
Authors: Chen Wei , Zhang Jian-min , Xia Qing-lin , Nie Yao-zhuang , Guo Guang-hua
Published: June 2020

Na-based NaAB2 monolayers exhibit excellent photocatalytic water splitting properties with strong built-in electric field, high carrier mobility and wide range of optical absorption.
Exploration of the theobromine–water dimer: comparison with DNA microhydration
Authors: Usabiaga Imanol , Camiruaga Ander , Calabrese Camilla , Veloso Antonio , D’mello Viola C. , Wategaonkar Sanjay , Fernández José A.
Published: June 2020

Exploration of the microhydration of theobromine using laser spectroscopy in jets and DFT calculations shows very similar structures and binding energies to those for microhydration of nucleobases.
A rational design of nanoporous Cu–Co–Ni–P nanotube arrays and CoFe2Se4 nanosheet arrays for flexible solid-state asymmetric devices
Authors: Mohammadi Zardkhoshoui Akbar , Hosseiny Davarani Saied Saeed
Published: June 2020

A facile method was developed to synthesize nanoporous Cu–Co–Ni–P nanotube arrays and hierarchical CoFe2Se4 nanosheet arrays for a flexible asymmetric device.
Controlling the gate-sorption properties of solid solutions of Werner complexes by varying component ratios
Authors: Noro Shin-ichiro , Song Yu , Tanimoto Yutaro , Hijikata Yuh , Kubo Kazuya , Nakamura Takayoshi
Published: June 2020

The solid solutions composed of different ratios of two Werner complexes showed controlled acetone gate-sorption properties.
Sacha inchi oil alleviates gut microbiota dysbiosis and improves hepatic lipid dysmetabolism in high-fat diet-fed rats
Authors: Li Pan , Huang Jianzhao , Xiao Nan , Cai Xin , Yang Yunyun , Deng Jiewei , Zhang Lian-Hui , Du Bing
Published: June 2020

We report that sacha inchi oil with plant-derived ω-3 PUFAs alleviates gut microbiota dysbiosis, prevents bile acid dysmetabolism, and ameliorates hepatic lipid dysmetabolism of glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids in HFD rats.
A sustainable synthetic route for biobased 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, adipic acid and ε-caprolactone by integrating bio- and chemical catalysis
Authors: Pyo Sang-Hyun , Park Ji Hoon , Srebny Vanessa , Hatti-Kaul Rajni
Published: June 2020

A green synthetic route and possible utilization of biobased 6-carbon polymer building blocks 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, adipic acid and ε-caprolactone from biomass via 1,6-hexanediol, a hydrogenation product of biobased 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.
Real time chemical and mechanical human motion monitoring with aerogel-based wearable sensors
Authors: Ergen Onur , Celik Ecem , Unal Ahmet Hamdi , Erdolu Mert Yusuf , Sarac Feriha Eylem , Unal Ugur
Published: June 2020

Wearable bioelectronic systems are one of the most important tools for human health and motion monitoring.
Template assisted synthesis of Ni,N co-doped porous carbon from Ni incorporated ZIF-8 frameworks for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Priya K. Vaishna , Thomas Minju , Illathvalappil Rajith , K. Shijina , Kurungot Sreekumar , Nair Balagopal N. , Mohamed A. Peer , Anilkumar Gopinathan M. , Yamaguchi Takeo , Hareesh U. S.
Published: June 2020

Ni,N co-doped porous carbon derived from nickel containing ZIF-8 frameworks for enhanced ORR performance in alkaline medium.
Tröger's base functionalized recyclable porous covalent organic polymer (COP) for dye adsorption from water
Authors: Jejurkar Valmik P. , Yashwantrao Gauravi , Saha Satyajit
Published: June 2020

Tröger's base incorporated recyclable COP for acid dye removal from effluent.
Recent applications of thiourea-based organocatalysts in asymmetric multicomponent reactions (AMCRs)
Authors: Parvin Tasneem , Yadav Rahul , Choudhury Lokman H.
Published: June 2020

This review describes the recent applications of thiourea-based organocatalysts in asymmetric multicomponent reactions.
In vitro studies of adhesion properties of six lactic acid bacteria isolated from the longevous population of China
Authors: Guan Chengran , Chen Xuan , Jiang Xinrong , Zhao Ruifeng , Yuan Yuan , Chen Dawei , Zhang ChenChen , Lu Maolin , Lu Zhen , Gu Ruixia
Published: June 2020

Adhesion related activities of six lactic acid bacteria were detected. This study will be beneficial to examine the characteristics of these strains used as probiotics in dairy products.
1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of isatin N,N′-cyclic azomethine imines with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes catalyzed by DBU in water
Authors: Wang Zhan-Yong , Yang Ting , Chen Rongxiang , Ma Xueji , Liu Huan , Wang Kai-Kai
Published: June 2020

A simple and green procedure was established by [3 + 3] cycloaddition reaction of isatin derived cyclic imine 1,3-dipoles with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, giving spirooxindoles with aza-quaternary center in good yields and diastereoselectivities.
Multicomponent gas separation and purification using advanced 2D carbonaceous nanomaterials
Authors: Mahdizadeh Sayyed Jalil , Goharshadi Elaheh K.
Published: June 2020

Multicomponent gas separation and purification is an important pre- or post-processing step in industry.
Build-up of double carbohelicenes using nitroarenes: dual role of the nitro functionality as an activating and leaving group
Authors: Zhou Fulin , Zhou Fujian , Su Rongchuan , Yang Yudong , You Jingsong
Published: June 2020

Disclosed herein is a concise route to double carbohelicenes starting from nitroarenes, in which the nitro group serves as an activating group for ortho-C–H arylation and a leaving group for the denitrative alkenylation.
Pnictogen-bonding catalysis: brevetoxin-type polyether cyclizations
Authors: Gini Andrea , Paraja Miguel , Galmés Bartomeu , Besnard Celine , Poblador-Bahamonde Amalia I. , Sakai Naomi , Frontera Antonio , Matile Stefan
Published: June 2020

This study marks chemical space available for pnictogen-bonding catalysis, and demonstrates that reactivity accessible in this space is unique.
Optimization-based technoeconomic analysis of molten-media methane pyrolysis for reducing industrial sector CO2 emissions
Authors: Von Wald Gregory A. , Masnadi Mohammad S. , Upham D. Chester , Brandt Adam R.
Published: June 2020

Integrated design optimization and technoeconomic analysis, with coupled hydrodynamic and kinetic modeling, was conducted for catalytic molten-media methane pyrolysis.
Addressing the OER/HER imbalance by a redox transition-induced two-way electron injection in a bifunctional n–p–n electrode for excellent water splitting
Authors: Anwer Hassan , Park Jae-Woo
Published: June 2020

n–p–n electrode follows a transistor's protocol to resolve imbalanced oxygen-/hydrogen-evolution in bifunctional catalyst systems.
Triad-type, multi-functional compatibilizers for enhancing efficiency, stability and mechanical robustness of polymer solar cells
Authors: Kim Geon-U. , Lee Young Woong , Ma Boo Soo , Kim Jinseck , Park Jin Su , Lee Seungjin , Nguyen Thanh Luan , Song Myoung , Kim Taek-Soo , Woo Han Young , Kim Bumjoon J.
Published: June 2020

Our work highlights the importance of A–D–A triad type, multi-functional compatibilizer for enhancing device efficiency, thermal stability and mechanical robustness of polymer solar cells, suggesting design guidelines for molecular compatibilizers.
Enhanced oxygen evolution reaction of defective CoP/MOF-integrated electrocatalyst by partial phosphating
Authors: Zou Zehua , Wang Junling , Pan Hairui , Li Jian , Guo Kailu , Zhao Yongqing , Xu Cailing
Published: June 2020

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been considered as versatile materials for applications in energy fields.
Genetic variation in NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 immune sensors and risk of osteoporosis
Authors: Soyocak Ahu , Özgen Merih , Turgut Coşan Didem , Kurt Hülyam , Doğaner Fulya , Armağan Onur , Değirmenci İrfan , Şahin Mutlu Fezan
Published: June 2020

The present study was aimed to investigate the relationship between NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in the Turkish population. The first time we thought that the functional polymorphisms in NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 genes might have triggered the development of osteoporosis. The objective of our study was to determine the relationship between NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 SNPs and osteoporosis. The NOD1/CARD4 (rs5743336) and NOD2/CARD15 (rs2066847) SNPs were analyzed by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 94 healthy controls and 164 subjects with osteoporosis. PCR products were digested with restriction enzymes AvaI for NOD1/CARD4 and ApaI for NOD2/CARD15. We found that NOD1/CARD4 genotype distribution of AA, GA and GG were 15, 44 and 41% for patients and 17, 46 and 37% for controls, respectively. NOD2/CARD15 mutation was found only in three patients (1.8%) as heterozygote. The results did not show any statistical difference between NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 genotype distribution of patients and healthy groups (χ2 = 1.740, P=0.187; χ2 = 1.311, P=0.519). However, the most frequent AG genotype (46%) of NOD1/CARD4 was observed in healthy controls, GG genotype (44%) of NOD1/CARD4 was observed as the most frequent in osteoporotic patients. NOD2/CARD15 WT/WT genotype, the most frequent genotype, was observed in both groups. Statistical analysis revealed that NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms are not associated with osteoporosis. However, a definite judgement is difficult to be made due to restricted number of patients and small size of control group. Further research is sorely warranted in this direction.
Speech-Language Pathologists' Ratings of Telegraphic Versus Grammatical Utterances: A Survey Study
Authors: Venker Courtney E. , McDaniel Jena , Yasick Megan
Published: June 2020

Purpose

It is common for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to simplify their utterances when talking to children with language delays, but there is disagreement about whether simplified utterances should be grammatical (e.g.,
Daddy is running, See the cookie?
) or telegraphic (e.g.,
Daddy running, See cookie?
). This study examined the extent to which SLPs reported grammatical versus telegraphic utterances to sound like something they would say and investigated whether results differed based on SLPs' perspectives about the usefulness of telegraphic input.

Method

Ninety-three practicing SLPs completed an online survey. SLPs rated the extent to which a list of telegraphic and grammatical utterances sounded like something they would say to a child with a language delay who is prelinguistic or at the one- or two-word stages of spoken language development.

Results

SLPs who did not view telegraphic input as useful or felt neutral about this issue rated grammatical utterances to sound significantly more like something they would say than telegraphic utterances. However, findings differed for SLPs who viewed telegraphic input as useful. There was no significant difference in the extent to which these SLPs reported grammatical versus telegraphic utterances to sound like something they would say.

Conclusions

As incorrect language models, telegraphic utterances are counterexamples to the grammatical structure of English that may make it more difficult for learners to detect regularities in the language input they hear. Unless empirical evidence emerges in support of telegraphic input, it may be beneficial to maximize grammatical input provided to children with language delays.
Ensemble CorrDet with adaptive statistics for bad data detection
Authors: Nagaraj Keerthiraj , Zou Sheng , Ruben Cody , Dhulipala Surya , Starke Allen , Bretas Arturo , Zare Alina , McNair Janise
Published: June 2020

Smart grid (SG) systems are designed to leverage digital automation technologies for monitoring, control and analysis. As SG technology is implemented in increasing number of power systems, SG data becomes increasingly vulnerable to cyber‐attacks. Classic analytic physics‐model based bad data detection methods may not detect these attacks. Recently, physics‐model and data‐driven methods have been proposed to use the temporal aspect of the data to learn multivariate statistics of the SG such as mean and covariance matrices of voltages, power flows etc., and then make decisions based on fixed values of these statistics. However, as loads and generation change within a system, these statistics may change rapidly. In this study, an adaptive data‐driven anomaly detection framework, Ensemble CorrDet with Adaptive Statistics (ECD‐AS), is proposed to detect false data injection cyber‐attacks under a constantly changing system state. ECD‐AS is tested on the IEEE 118‐bus system for 15 different sets of training and test datasets for a variety of current state‐of‐the‐art bad data detection strategies. Experimental results show that the proposed ECD‐AS solution outperforms the related strategies due to its unique ability to capture and account for rapidly changing statistics in SG.
Analysis of vector hysteresis models in comparison to anhysteretic magnetization model
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Müller Fabian , Bavendiek Gregor , Hameyer Kay
Published: June 2020

The design of electrical machines and magnetic actuators requires accurate models to represent hysteresis effects in ferromagnetic materials. The magnetic nonlinearity of the iron core is usually considered by an anhysteretic magnetization curve. With this assumption, hysteresis’ effects in the field computation are completely neglected. This paper presents a comparative study of different hysteresis models, particularly Pragmatic Algebraic Model (PAM) and vector stop model, with regard to a vector anhysteretic anisotropic model. The PAM turns out to be an efficient model implemented with one mathematical equation. The multi cells stop model relies on a consistent thermodynamic formulation, whose dissipation corresponds to a dry friction-like element. Both models implement a constitutive relationship, in which the magnetic flux density vector as independent input and magnetic field strength as output. With a rotational single sheet tester (RSST), various tests for a sample of material FeSi24-50A (FeSi) with a silicon proportion of 2.4 wt% can be proceeded under the application of relevant field distribution. The obtained measured data are applied to parameterize and validate the models. Following numerical experiments the results are compared with those obtained by means of an anhysteretic anisotropic model.
Using fine-structured gratings to implement mid-infrared dual-band absorbers
Authors: He Xin , Jie Jinliang , Yang Junbo , Han Yunxin , Zhang Sen
Published: June 2020

A dual narrowband absorber operating at mid-infrared (mid-IR) frequencies was numerically investigated. The structure consists of a fine-structured silicon grating on a gold film. Each unit cell of the fine-structured silicon grating is composed of two different silicon bars. When illuminated by a transverse-magnetic (TM) polarized plane wave, the absorber will create two absorption bands. At normal incidence, the two absorption bands have respective peak wavelengths of ∼3.864 µm and ∼3.994 µm, and respective bandwidths of ∼28 nm and ∼36 nm. The level of absorption can be higher than 0.998. It is shown that the two absorption bands are related to different silicon bars in each unit cell. Moreover, the physical origin of the two absorption bands is attributed to the different surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) modes excited in the absorber.
Observer la matière à l’échelle du nanomètre et de la femtoseconde : la microscopie électronique en transmission ultrarapide
Authors: Arbouet Arnaud , Houdellier Florent , Caruso Giuseppe Mario , Meuret Sophie , Kociak Mathieu , Weber Sébastien
Published: June 2020

Les microscopes électroniques en transmission ultrarapides combinent la résolution temporelle des sources laser femtosecondes avec la résolution spatiale des microscopes électroniques. Cette résolution spatio-temporelle inégalée, la richesse des techniques de microscopie électronique et les immenses possibilités de façonnage des impulsions optiques et électroniques ultrabrèves ouvrent des perspectives fascinantes pour l’exploration et le contrôle de la dynamique de la matière condensée.
Bewegungstherapie mit dem Unterwasserlaufband
Authors: Süße Stefanie , Scharwey Reinhold , Zohmann Andreas
Published: June 2020

Das Unterwasserlaufband – ob zum Training oder zum Einsatz in der Therapie – wird in der Tierphysiotherapie schon seit einiger Zeit mit Erfolg eingesetzt. Jedoch ist es hierbei nicht mit „Hund reinstellen und laufen lassen“ getan. Allgemeine Trainingsgrundsätze müssen ebenso beachtet werden wie das Vorgehen bei bestimmten Indikationen oder auch Kontraindikationen. Im Folgenden steht daher das „Gehen im Wasser“ als aktiv-assistive Krankengymnastik im Vordergrund. Starten wollen wir dabei mit einem kurzen Einblick in die spannende Geschichte der Hydrotherapie bei Mensch und Tier.
Hygiene bei der Behandlung von Pferden – Was ist zu beachten?
Authors: Gehlen Heidrun , Börner Doris
Published: June 2020

Wer kennt ihn nicht, den englischen Landtierarzt James Herriot, der in „Der Doktor und das liebe Vieh“ von Hof zu Hof gereist ist, um Tiere zu behandeln. Vielleicht erinnert sich der ein oder andere auch daran, was dabei sehr oft mit von der Partie war? Richtig: Der von den vorsorgenden Landwirten gereichte Eimer Wasser, ein Stück Seife und ein sauberes Handtuch. Und heute?
Sicherheit der pflanzenbasierten Ernährungsformen in der Schwangerschaft für Mutter und Kind
Authors: Obeid Rima , Pannenbäcker Arved
Published: June 2020

Die Sicherheit einer mütterlichen streng veganen Diät während der Schwangerschaft wird oft infrage gestellt, insbesondere in Anbetracht ihres Mangels an essenziellen Nährstoffen wie Eisen und Vitamin B12. Studienergebnisse hierzu sind widersprüchlich – nicht zuletzt aufgrund der Vielfalt an vegetarischen oder veganen Ernährungsformen und der geringen Zahl kontrollierter Studien.
Psychosoziale Arbeitsbelastung von Ärzten in der HNO-Facharztweiterbildung
Authors: Shabli Sami , Heuermann Katharina , Leffers David , Kriesche Franziska , Raspe Matthias , Möllenhoff Kathrin , Abrams Nils , Yilmaz Murat , Dahlem Kilian , Deitmer Thomas , Dietz Andreas , Rauch Ann-Kathrin
Published: June 2020

Einleitung Eine erhöhte psychosoziale Arbeitsbelastung kann negativen Einfluss auf die Gesundheit haben. Ein probates Mittel zur Erfassung ist das Gratifikationskrisenmodell. Eine Einordung dieser Betrachtung für HNO-Ärzte in Weiterbildung in Deutschland liegt bislang nicht vor, sodass eine erste Umfrage zur aktuellen Weiterbildungssituation durchgeführt wurde.

Material und Methoden Die Online-Umfrage beinhaltete die Kurzfassung des validierten Fragebogens zum Gratifikationskrisenmodell nach Siegrist. Die Umfrage wurde per E-Mail an alle HNO-Assistenzärzte in Deutschland, die der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie bekannt waren, von April bis Juli 2019 versandt.

Ergebnisse Bei den Teilnehmern lag in 92,3 % eine Gratifikationskrise vor, ER-Ratio über 1. Der Mittelwert betrug 1,57 ± 0,43, adjustiert 2,16 ± 1,36. Die Verausgabungsskala lag bei 10,71 ± 1,40 (3–12), adjustiert 85,72 ± 15,52, die Belohnungsskala bei 16,58 ± 2,86 (7–28), adjustiert 45,61 ± 13,63, die Verausgabungsneigung bei 17 ± 3,37 (6–24), adjustiert 61,14 ± 18,73. Eine hohe ER-Ratio war positiv signifikant korreliert hinsichtlich der Dauer der Weiterbildungszeit, der Anzahl an Arbeitsstunden/Woche und der Anzahl an geleisteten Diensten im Monat.

Schlussfolgerung Die erfasste hohe psychosoziale Arbeitsbelastung ist vergleichbar mit Assistenzärzten anderer Fachrichtungen. Sie steht in Zusammenhang mit hoher Arbeitszeit (Stunden, Dienste) und mit dem Fortschritt der Weiterbildung. Die Belastung kann mithilfe von Selbstinitiative verbessert werden und könnte mit der Unterstützung der klinikinternen Akteure ergänzt werden.
DGP-Empfehlungen zur pneumologischen Rehabilitation bei COVID-19
Authors: Glöckl R. , Buhr-Schinner H. , Koczulla A. R. , Schipmann R. , Schultz K. , Spielmanns M. , Stenzel N. , Dewey S.
Published: June 2020

Vor dem Hintergrund der Pandemie durch Infektionen mit dem SARS-CoV-2 hat die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin (DGP e. V.) die Sektion 12 „Rehabilitation, Prävention und Tabakkontrolle“ beauftragt, Empfehlungen zur Umsetzung pneumologischer Rehabilitation bei Patienten nach COVID-19 zu erstellen. Dieses Positionspapier basiert auf dem momentanen aktuellen Wissen, das sich täglich weiterentwickelt. Neben einer Beschreibung der gesundheitlichen Folgen von COVID-19 wird die Indikationsstellung aufgezeigt. Rehabilitative Therapien bei COVID-19 sind bereits auf der Normalstation bzw. Intensivstation indiziert, setzen sich fort als pneumologische Frührehabilitation im Akutkrankenhaus und als Anschlussheilbehandlung oder Reha-Heilverfahren in pneumologischen Rehabilitationskliniken. Im Fokus dieses Positionspapiers stehen Empfehlungen zur inhaltlichen Durchführung einer multimodalen, interdisziplinären pneumologischen Rehabilitation bei COVID-19.
Underlying physical processes for time dependent variations of He triplet and singlet intensities in laser-induced He plasma
Authors: Jobiliong Eric , Pardede Marincan , Hedwig Rinda , Karnadi Indra , Tanra Ivan , Lie Zener Sukra , Kurniawan Koo Hendrik , Lie Tjung Jie , Khumaeni Ali , Marpaung Alion Mangasi , Abdulmadjid Syahrun Nur , Idris Nasrullah , Lahna Kurnia , Ramli Muliadi , Kagawa Kiichiro , Tjia May On
Published: June 2020

A series of experiments are conducted for the study of time-dependent variations of major emission from the metastable excited He generated in various experimental conditions. Different Nd:YAG laser pulse widths and pulse energies, as well as purity of the He gas, are employed for studying quenching effects including the use of a Cu target in an experimental condition for spectrochemical analysis. It is found that in all cases investigated, the metastable excited He atom (He*) associated with the triplet He I 587.5 nm emission line has the unquestionable dominance over another triplet emission line of He I 388.8 nm and the singlet He I 667.8 nm emission. Further analysis of the present data combined with the results of previous studies suggested that the energy transfer between He atoms via the Penning-like collision-induced energy transfer process has so far remained less than appropriately addressed. It is strongly argued and demonstrated in this work that this underlying physical process is likely the moving force leading to the repeated He ionizations responsible for the self-propelled multiple amplification of the triplet He I 587.5 nm emission intensity particularly at the early stage of the shock wave formation. This study has convincingly demonstrated that the Penning-like collision-induced energy transfer process can also effectively take place between He* and the ablated atoms, implying its usefulness for spectrochemical laser-induced plasma spectroscopy analysis.
Faster nanolaser modulation using mode-field switching
Authors: Mandel Savannah
Published: June 2020

A nanolaser modulation technique uses mode-field switching to successfully control stimulated emission, potentially enabling high-speed modulation for future applications.
Effect of thermal annealing on thermoelectric properties of BixSb2−xTe3 thin films grown by sputtering
Authors: Bala Manju , Masarrat Anha , Kumar Vishnu , Ojha Sunil , Asokan K. , Annapoorni S.
Published: June 2020

The present study focuses on the enhancement of the Seebeck coefficient (S) of BiSbTe alloy thin films on post-deposition annealing. It is demonstrated that thermal treatment leads to about twofold enhancement in the S of BiSbTe alloy thin films deposited using DC magnetron sputtering. Investigation of the enhanced thermoelectric properties has been done by studying their phase, compositional, and structural properties. The x-ray diffraction patterns show the presence of a mixed BixSb2 − xTe3 phase, which crystallizes in the Sb-rich phase on annealing. The surface morphology of the as-deposited samples exhibit spherical features that grow in the form of hexagonal rods on increasing the annealing temperature to 300 °C. However, on further increasing the annealing time to 3 h at 300 °C, distorted cubical microstructures were observed. The microstructures had a higher Sb/Bi ratio, implying that these structures were Sb rich. The thermoelectric properties of the nanostructured BixSb2 − xTe3 films were studied as a function of annealing temperature and time. An enhancement of about two orders of magnitude is observed both in the S and power factor for the samples annealed at 300 °C for 3 h. This enhancement is attributed to the energy filtering of charge carriers at the junction of the BixSb2 − xTe3 matrix and Sb-rich inclusions. These results indicate that annealing is an efficient way of tuning the growth of microstructures and the S of BixSb2 − xTe3 thin films.
Sheath potential coefficient in plasma with nonextensive distribution
Authors: Qiu Huibin , Xiao Donghua , Gao Yue , Peng Xingkun , Zhu Yuqing , Zhang Xianyang , Zhou Zhenyu , Xiong Weihong , Ming Zhiyi , Xu Tianling , Xiang Pengfei , Yang Hai , Zhang Jia , Huang Tianhui , Zhou Jinmao
Published: June 2020

Theoretical analysis and a large number of experiments have proved that plasma components do not satisfy Boltzmann–Gibbs statistics and can be well described by nonextensive statistical mechanics, while sheath potential coefficients in plasma with nonextensive distribution are not investigated deeply and comprehensively. Here, we investigate the ion sheath formed around a nonextensive single electric probe in plasma described by nonextensive statistical mechanics, and find that the sheath potential coefficient is related to the electron nonextensive parameter, besides the extensive limit the results return to the case of the Boltzmann–Gibbs statistical framework. The sheath potential coefficient presents different dependences on the electron nonextensive parameters in different regions. We also have calculated the corresponding method error and evaluated with a set of real experiment data, and found that the error is as high as 83.91% indicating that the effect of nonextensive parameters should be considered in the actual measurement.