bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency and scalability of the parallel Barnes-Hut tree code PEPC
Authors: Speck Robert  , Gibbon Paul  , Hoffmann Martin
Published: February 2025

We present scaling results of the parallel tree code PEPC on an IBM BlueGene/P and identify performance bottlenecks and intrinsic algorithmic issues. Using more than 8192 processors the tree code is capable of simulating more than 100 million particles, but as our analysis shows, fundamental changes will be necessary for porting this code to petaflop systems. However, an efficiency examination reveals a very good ratio between communication and computation in the traversal process. Furthermore, we present a library version of the code, which may act as a ‘black box’ for front-end users.
Evaluation of Task Mapping Strategies for Regular Network Topologies
Authors: Rinke Sebastian  , Mehlan Torsten  , Rehm Wolfgang
Published: February 2025

The Message Passing Interface (MPI) standard defines virtual topologies for optimizing the placement of processes onto processors in order to reduce communication time. That means, processes with their main communication paths represent a graph that has to be cost efficiently mapped onto the actual communication network. In this context, focusing on regular topologies, state-of-the-art mapping strategies that can be applied to any combination of process/network topology are compared in a two stage approach. First, mapping quality is assessed by a theoretical communication cost measure. Second, based on these results, the most promising methods, which were implemented in Open MPI, are practically compared regarding gain in communication time using MPI's topology mechanism. Finally, a close correspondence between theoretical measure and actual communication time is shown. Additionally, benchmark results prove that optimized process-to-processor mappings can improve communication time by up to 40%, compared to the default linear mapping in many MPI implementations. The findings in this paper can serve as reference not only for MPI implementors, but also for researchers investigating static process-to-processor mappings, in general.
Automatic Performance Tuning Approach for Parallel Applications Based on Sparse Linear Solvers
Authors: Voronov Vasiliy Yu.  , Popova Nina N.
Published: February 2025

Approach of automatic selection of parallel sparse linear solver and tuning its parameters is discussed. Performance of linear solver is considered as function of sparse matrix features, selected sparse solver and its settings, hardware platform. Supervised learning is used to create this function and is based on gathering of empirical performance data and the following use of the support vector regression. After creating complexity function, a genetic algorithm is used to find its minimum across the solver types and settings to find locally optimal solver. Results of experiments with PETSc linear solvers are presented for several classes of sparse problems from different applications.
Application oriented DEISA Infrastructure Services
Authors: Emerson Andrew P.J.  , Erbacci Giovanni  , Fagerholm Juha  , Girou Denis  , Pringle Gavin J.  , Vázquez Mariano
Published: February 2025

DEISA is a consortium of leading national supercomputing centres, deploying and operating a persistent production-quality distributed supercomputing environment in Europe, aiming to foster pan-European world-leading computational science research. The DEISA national HPC systems are linked by dedicated networking and an advanced environment for services. The computational scientists access this continental infrastructure via the DEISA Extreme Computing Initiative (DECI) and DEISA'sVirtual Communities. The main objective of DECI is to identify, enable and run a number of ground breaking applications in various fields of science and technology. These applications consist of complex and innovative simulations, impossible to realise without the DEISAInfrastructure. To achieve this objective the DEISA Infrastructure provides a broad spectrum of advanced and integrated services. In this paper we explain in detail the features and implementation of these services.
Direct Numerical Simulation of the turbulent development of a round jet at Reynolds number 11,000
Authors: Bogey Christophe  , Marsden Olivier
Published: February 2025

A Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) of a round jet at a Reynolds number of 11,000 has been performed using a grid containing 755 million points, within the DEISA (Distributed European infrastructure for Supercomputing Applications) framework. The flow statistics, including mean and turbulent properties as well as the energy budget, have been calculated in the region of jet establishment, and databases of three-dimensional unsteady fields are now available for further analyses of the jet physics. First results support the convergence and the accuracy of the simulation.
Parallel Computing with GPUs
Authors: Elster Anne C.  , Requena Stéphane
Published: February 2025

The success of the gaming industry is now pushing processor technology like we have never seen before. Since recent graphics processors (GPU's) have been improving both their programmability as well as have been adding more and more floating point processing, it makes them very appealing as accelerators for general-purpose computing. This minisymposium gives an overview of some of these advancements by bringing together experts working on the development of techniques and tools that improve the programmability of GPU's as well as the experts interested in utilizing the computational power of GPU' scientific applications. This first EuroGPU Minisymposium brought together severl experts working on the development of techniques and tools that improve the programmability of GPU's as well as the experts interested in utilizing the computational power of GPU's for scientific applications. This short summary thus gives a very useful, but quick overview of some of the major recent advancement in modern GPU computing.
Modelling Multi-GPU Systems
Authors: Spampinato Daniele G.  , Elster Anne C.  , Natvig Thorvald
Published: February 2025

Due to the power and frequency walls, the trend is now to use multiple GPUs on a given system, much like you will find multiple cores on CPU-based systems. However, increasing the hierarchy of resource widens the spectrum of factors that may impact on the performance of the system. The goal of this paper is to analyze such factors by investigating and benchmarking the NVIDIA Tesla S1070. This system combines four T10 GPUs, making available up to 4 TFLOPS of computational power. As a case study, we develop a red-black, SOR PDE solver for Laplace equations with Dirichlet boundaries, well known for requiring constant communication in order to exchange neighboring data. To aid both design and analysis, we propose a model for multi-GPU systems targeting communication between the several GPUs.
Towards a more efficient run-time FPGA configuration generation
Authors: Abouelella Fatma  , Bruneel Karel  , Stroobandt Dirk
Published: February 2025

Parameterizable configurations are regular FPGA configurations in which some of the configuration bits are expressed as a Boolean function of a set of parameters. These configurations can rapidly be transformed to a specialized configuration by evaluating the Boolean functions for a specific set of parameter values and are therefore ideal for use in run-time reconfigurable systems. In this paper, the concept of Parameterizable Bitstream (PBS) is introduced to accommodate the use of parameterizable configurations in commercial FPGAs. A stack machine system is implemented that can efficiently transform a PBS to a specialized configuration.
How to Accelerate an Application: a Practical Case Study in Combustion Modelling
Authors: Risio Benedetto  , Berreth Alexander  , Zuckerman Stéphane  , Koliai Souad  , Ivascot Mickaël  , Jalby William  , Krammer Bettina  , Mohr Bernd  , William Thomas
Published: February 2025

Developing parallel high-performance applications is an error-prone and time-consuming challenge. Performance tuning can be alleviated considerably by using optimisation tools, either by simply applying a stand-alone tool or by applying a tool chain with a number of more or less integrated tools covering different aspects of the optimisation process. In the present paper, we demonstrate the benefits of the latter approach on the industrial combustion modelling software RECOM-AIOLOS. The applied tool chain comprises both low-level and high-level analysis of the application: using the MAQAO tool, the assembly code generated by the compiler can be analysed statically, aiming at possible optimisations on a loop level. Another important aspect is identifying and optimising bottlenecks in memory access and cache utilisation. On a higher level, efficient usage of parallel programming paradigms (MPI, OpenMP) is verified by the VAMPIR and SCALASCA frameworks. Combining the different optimisation strategies leads to a significant overall performance improvement.
An Interface for Integrated MPI Correctness Checking
Authors: Hilbrich Tobias  , Jurenz Matthias  , Mix Hartmut  , Brunst Holger  , Knüpfer Andreas  , Müller Matthias S.  , Nagel Wolfgang E.
Published: February 2025

Usage errors of the widely accepted Message-Passing Interface (MPI) are common and complicate the development process of parallel applications considerably. Some of these errors are hard to track, especially when they only occur in certain application runs or on certain platforms. Runtime correctness checking tools for MPI simplify the detection of these errors. However, they usually need the MPI profiling interface for their analysis. This paper addresses two issues related to correctness tools: First, due to the exclusive usage of the MPI profiling interface, it is not possible to use such tools in conjunction with other MPI tools, which are also based on the profiling interface. Second, correctness checking tools usually lack the ability to provide a detailed history of the events leading to an error, whereas such a history is provided naturally by tracing frameworks. We introduce the Universal MPI Correctness Interface (UniMCI) to overcome the first problem. This interface provides functions that invoke correctness checking and return detected errors in a manner that is independent of the correctness checker in use. Furthermore, we demonstrate the applicability of UniMCI with an implementation that uses the Marmot correctness checker and an exemplary integration of the interface into the VampirTrace performance analysis framework. As a result, we can provide a history for detected correctness events, which provides detailed information for debugging. Finally, we present a study using the SPEC MPI2007 benchmark to demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of our approach.
Parallelization exploration of wireless applications using MPA
Authors: Palkovic Martin  , Raghavan Praveen  , Ashby Thomas J.  , Folens Andy  , Cappelle Hans  , Glassee Miguel  , Van der Perre Liesbet  , Catthoor Francky
Published: February 2025

Digital wireless communication has played a key role in our lives for more than one decade. Over the last decade we have observed rapid increase of the variability within and in the number of standards in the wireless domain and rapidly increasing computational demand for those applications. Embedded solutions for those systems require highly flexible programmable multi-core low power Software Defined Radio (SDR) platforms. Such platforms exist, however an efficient mapping flow from the algorithmic specification towards the implementation of the algorithm is lacking.
Simplifying Heterogeneous Embedded Systems Programming Based on OpenMP
Authors: Huang Lei  , Chapman Barbara
Published: February 2025

Modern computer architectures have increased their paces to move into heterogeneity by integrating specialized processing elements such as GPUs, FPGAs, DSPs into a single system together with general processors. The integration allows developers to maximize their applications performance by mapping the different modules to different processing elements based on the characteristics. However, the current programming models are not comprehensive, portable or expressive enough to support developers' needs. In this paper, we are exploring the current programming approach on heterogeneous embedded systems, as well as studying the popular shared memory programming model OpenMP for how to adapt it to heterogeneous systems. We present our initial design of OpenMP extensions to support work distribution and data communication between different processing elements.
Female Seperatism: The Role of Women in the PKK/KONGRA-GEL Terrorist Organization
Authors: Celebi Erdogan
Published: February 2025

The pressures on terrorist organizations from security agencies force them to use new methods to circumvent measures taken against them in order to gain strategic advantages. The use of new technologies such as the Internet and the recruitment of women for use in unorthodox plots like suicide terrorism are typical innovations of terrorist organizations. In this paper, the author argues that gaining strategic advantage is not the only reason that terrorist organizations recruit women into their ranks. They use woman to amplify their violent messages to the public by placing woman in the front lines as a marketing strategy. The PKK/KONGRA-GEL, seeing the benefits of involving women in its terror campaign, has created its own female terrorist organization to place women in the center of their rhetoric and uses Internet to communicate this rhetoric with its target audience.
The Political Communication and the Political Mobilization in the Russian Internet Space
Authors: Fadeeva Lyubov
Published: February 2025

This paper is devoted to the ways and methods of political communication and political mobilization which are used in Runet. The author characterizes the Russian political Internet resources which are targeting the youth audience: their content and ideology, their influence on the political mind of youth.
Data Hiding on the Internet: Steganalysis against Steganography
Authors: Margarov Gevorg
Published: February 2025

This article is devoted to problems of data hiding on the Internet by means of steganography and detection of steganographic content by means of steganalysis. Rumors in mass media about terrorists using steganography are revealed. The basic idea of steganography, its history and application on the Internet is considered. Classification and examples of available software are outlined. Main principles of steganalysis and detection of steganographic content are discussed.
Jihadis Online: Concepts and Frameworks for Online Counter-Terrorism
Authors: Aaron Weisburd A.
Published: February 2025

This paper examines jihadist use of the Internet in terms of both the content of what jihadists say and view online, and the context within which jihadi online activity occurs. Limits on the value of analyzing the content of jihadi discussions are noted, and emphasis is placed on locating online supporters of the global jihad in the real world, where opportunities and associations will determine who succeeds in becoming involved in terrorism and who does not.
Islamism in the Globalization Era
Authors: Sibianu Daniela  , Agheană Elena
Published: February 2025

Globalization is the contemporary phenomenon with the highest impact on the Muslim world, in general, and on its radical element, in particular. While analyzing the premises of the negative perception of globalization by Islamist extremists, the purpose of the essay is to show how the benefits of this phenomenon are paradoxically exploited by them, especially since globalization contributes to promoting radical Islam, by facilitating rapid access to technology and information. The analysis of attitudes and actions of Islamist extremists towards globalization is a key element in the development of a strategy aimed at countering Islamic violence, which should become a top priority for the European countries in their joint efforts of cooperation on security issues.
Spin-Hamiltonian analysis of quantum registers on single NV center and proximal
Authors: Nizovtsev Alexander P.  , Kilin Sergei Ya.  , Pushkarchuk Alexander L.  , Pushkarchuk Vadim A.  , Kuten Semen A.
Published: February 2025

Spin systems consisting of a single electronic spin of the NV center in diamond and few proximal13C nuclei spins which are considered now as a candidate for a room-temperature implementation of a quantum computer register with optical access are studied by spin-Hamiltonian method using parameters of hyperfine NV-13C interactions taken from EPR measurements on NV ensemble and from ab initio (DFT) simulation of carbon clusters containing NV centers. Experimental data on ODMR spectra and spin echo modulation obtained on single NV+n13C centers are interpreted without fitting parameters.
Multimode detection of broadband squeezed vacuum
Authors: Agafonov Ivan  , Chekhova Maria  , Iskhakov Timur  , Leuchs Gerd
Published: February 2025

Squeezed vacuum with large photon numbers is an example of a macroscopic system with nonclassical properties. These properties are manifested in pairwise intensity correlations, also called twin-beam squeezing. We produce squeezed vacuum in a traveling-wave pulse-pumped frequency non-degenerate optical parametric amplifier (NOPA). Twin-beam squeezing is measured via direct detection and measurement of the difference-signal variance for two balanced detectors. It is shown that the study of the intensity correlations using this method requires a collection of a large number of modes, both longitudinal and transverse.
Tools for optical implementations of quantum communication protocols with application to quantum key distribution
Authors: Lütkenhaus Norbert
Published: February 2025

Quantum Communication Protocols, such as Quantum Key Distribution, are typically described in the language of abstract qubits. For implementations, on the other hand, we use light pulses where the signals are described as elements of the infinite dimensional Hilbert space of optical modes. In this contribution I discuss how those two pictures fit together, especially in a cryptographic scenario.
Phase-time coding quantum cryptography
Authors: Molotkov Sergei N.
Published: February 2025

A cryptographic analysis is presented of a new quantum key distribution protocol using phase-time coding. An upper bound is obtained for the error rate that guarantees secure key distribution. When no counts are detected in the control time slot, the protocol guarantees secure key distribution if the bit error rate in the sifted key does not exceed 50%. This protocol partially discriminates between errors due to system defects (e.g., imbalance of a fiber-optic interferometer) and eavesdropping. In the absence of eavesdropping, the counts detected in the control time slot are not caused by interferometer imbalance, which reduces the requirements for interferometer stability.
Simplifying information-theoretic arguments by post-selection
Authors: Renner Renato
Published: February 2025

Devices and protocols for information processing are often required to work for arbitrary inputs. For example, in channel coding theory, one demands that a coding scheme transmits any possible input state reliably over a given noisy channel. Similarly, in quantum cryptography, security of a protocol should hold independently of the inputs, even if they are chosen maliciously. In this short paper, we review the Post-Selection Technique introduced in (Phys. Rev. Lett. 102:020504, 2009). Its main purpose is to simplify the analysis of information processing schemes so that only one single input needs to be considered. If a scheme satisfies a desired criterion when acting on this particular input, then—under certain symmetry conditions—the same criterion is automatically met for arbitrary inputs. We illustrate the Post-Selection Technique at the example of quantum cryptography. Here, it can be used to show that security of a Quantum Key Distribution scheme against general attacks—somewhat surprisingly—follows from its security against one specific attack. This not only simplifies security proofs, but also has other remarkable implications, e.g., that no randomness is needed for privacy amplification.
Sizing Methodologies of Pipe Wall Thinning and Visualization of Wave Propagation by EMAT Simulator in Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Kosaka Daigo  , Kojima Fumio  , Yamaguchi Hiroshi
Published: February 2025

The objective of this paper is to find sizing methodologies of pipe wall thinning using Electro Magnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT). First, SUS304 test specimens fabricated by an artificial corrosion on the back surface are provided and measurements are made by scanning the transducer on the front surface. Secondly, in order to clarify the propagation of an ultra-sound wave inside sample materials, simulation experiments are implemented using our developed numerical code. A sizing methodology for detecting and characterizing corrosion geometries is proposed based on time of flight diffraction method (TOFD). We report the method proposed is effectively examined through various kinds of test specimens.
Fuselage Lap Joint Inspection using a Giant Magneto-Resistance (GMR) Eddy Current Approach
Authors: Hoffmann Jochen  , Braun Tim
Published: February 2025

A significant portion of aging aircraft nondestructive inspection (NDI) applications exist due to the frequent occurrence of maintenance induced damage. The maintenance of Boeing 737 fuselage lap joint structures, for instance, includes the removal of sealant which can result in scribing of the fuselage skin panels. Scribing is a precursor to crack generation and, therefore, it is imperative that this damage is detected and repaired. Cracks emanating from scribes may grow under the lap joint requiring the inspection of crack defects in a second or third layer of a multi-layered structure.
Comparative Study of Multidirectional Transducers for Evaluation of Magnetic Materials
Authors: Chady Tomasz  , Psuj Grzegorz
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this paper is to compare properties of two different concepts of measuring method for multidirectional evaluation of plastic deformations and residual stress in magnetic materials. The first method utilizes two transducers with different configurations of magnetizing sections. The transducers allow magnetizing tested material with DC field in two perpendicular directions. The second method uses transducer with rotational AC magnetic field to magnetize the object and two sensitivity axes. Giant magneto-resistive (GMR) and anisotropic magneto-resistive (AMR) sensors were used as pick-up elements. The performance of both systems was verified using stress and fatigue loaded steel samples.
Magnetic Properties of Tempered Martensitic Stainless Steel Subjected to Creep
Authors: Kobayashi Satoru  , Kimura Takashi  , Kamada Yasuhiro  , Kikuchi Hiroaki  , Ohtani Toshihiro
Published: February 2025

Changes of magnetic minor hysteresis loops of tempered martensitic stainless steel (a 12 pct chromium steel) during creep at 873 K under tensile stress of 120 MPa have been investigated. The minor-loop coefficients, which are indicators of internal stress, sharply increase at the primary creep and become nearly constant or slowly decrease at the steady creep, followed by the increase at the ternary creep. A good correlation of the coefficients with creep strain clearly shows that magnetic method using minor hysteresis loops can be a possible technique for nondestructive evaluation of creep damage in steels.
Psychological Issues of War: Information Gained from US Army Surveillance and Research and Strategies for Mitigation
Authors: Ritchie Elspeth Cameron
Published: February 2025

Eight years of war and repeated deployments have led to both physical and psychological wounds in the United States Army. This paper will discuss both old and new challenges, including suicide, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI) and pain management. While an array of behavioral health services has long been available to address the troubling effects on our Soldiers and Families, these services are clearly strained. These services include Combat and Operational Stress Control, routine behavioral health care, and suicide prevention. Pre-clinical services, such as Chaplains, Military One Source and Army Community Service also offer support. We have multiple other initiatives to provide outreach, education and training, including “Battlemind,” Combat and Operational Stress Control, Warrior Adventure Quest and RESPECT-MIL. There continue to be major challenges that will face our service members, their Families and the United States.
Psychotherapeutic Treatment for Combat Related Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Britvić Dolores  , Antiˇević Vesna  , Dodig Goran  , Beg Anđelko  , Lapenda Branka  , Kekez Vesna
Published: February 2025

Traumatic experience has a strong impact on the psychological, biological and social equilibrium, despite the human being’s capacity to survive and adapt. posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex and dynamic syndrome of an organism’s stress reaction to a severe psychotrauma which alters the emotional response, leads to psychobiologic and neurohumoral changes, affects the cognitive and information-processing system, and modifies the mechanisms of adaptation and fight. Treatment of PTSD is a complex and multidimensional process, which integrates a biological, social and psychological approach, with the aim to normalize the response to stress and reduce maladaptive psychobiologic processes. Every model of treatment should include elements of psychoeducation, support, anxiety relief and lifestyle modifications. In this study, a psychotherapeutic program consisting of socio-therapeutic, psycho-educative and dynamic-oriented group approach was implemented. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic programs by evaluating the symptoms of PTSD, neurotic symptoms, depressiveness, ways of coping with stress and indicators of quality of life at the end of the program and a year afterwards. The results showed that treatment programs scheduled for PTSD groups led to changes in coping strategies, a reduction in symptoms of depression slight and increases in PTSD symptoms whereas most other neurotic symptoms and the quality of life remained unchanged during treatment.
The Israeli Ministry of Defense (MoD) PTSD Survey
Authors: Doron Miki
Published: February 2025

The Israeli Ministry of Defense (MoD) has been conducting a large-scale posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Survey in order to improve the condition of the MoD PTSD patients through the improvement of treatment and rehabilitation. Yearly milestones of the survey are annual collection of objective data regarding patients’ condition, collection of data regarding the treatments given and conducting statistical analysis. Between the years 2004-2009 the survey has been devoted to developing treatment guidelines for PTSD, pre- and post- MoD recognition, and to the assessment of the application of treatment guidelines and their affect on patient condition. Survey findings form the statistical background for composing the Israeli Clinical Guidelines for PTSD, which are written by the advisory committee and other experts. Our clinical guidelines are Patient-Oriented and relate to timescale, scale of illness severity and deficits in functioning and to close environment axis. The influence of the Clinical Guidelines’ integration among Israeli MoD therapists treating PTSD will be examined in the near future.
Cybertherapy for Combat Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Pain Management and Physical Rehabilitation Following Stroke
Authors: Patrick Wood Dennis  , Wiederhold Mark D.  , Spira James  , Scholl Dennis  , Pyne Jeff  , Wiederhold Brenda K.
Published: February 2025

The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has not only been at the leading edge in the study of the effects of war on warriors deployed to combat, but it has also been recognized as the leader for treatments in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Chronic Pain and Stroke. Virtual Reality Therapy (VR) is a new and growing technology that utilizes computers to create computer-generated virtual, three-dimensional worlds that then can be utilized by patients to successfully treat Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and chronic pain. VR Therapy has also been successfully utilized to assist with stroke rehabilitation. VR Therapy can assist VA with meeting the U.S. Government’s mandate to increase the quality of care to a growing number of combat OIF/OEF veterans diagnosed with PTSD, chronic pain and/or stroke.
Interreality for the Treatment of Psychological Stress in Soldiers: Rationale and Protocol of the INTERSTRESS Project
Authors: Gaggioli Andrea  , Gorini Alessandra  , Wiederhold Brenda  , Pallavicini Federica  , Raspelli Simona  , Algeri Davide  , Riva Giuseppe
Published: February 2025

The use of virtual reality is not new in the treatment of psychological stress and anxiety disorders: virtual worlds are used to facilitate the activation of the stressful events during the exposure therapy. However, during the therapy, the virtual worlds are new and distinct realms, separate from the real-life emotions and behaviors. In fact, the patient’s behavior in the virtual world has no direct effects on his/her real-life experience, and emotions and problems experienced by the patient in the real world are not directly addressed in the virtual exposure. In this paper we present the INTERSTRESS project, a new technological paradigm for the treatment of psychological stress in soldiers, based on interreality. The main feature of interreality is a twofold link between the virtual and the real worlds: (a) behavior in the physical world influences the experience in the virtual one; (b) behavior in the virtual world influences the experience in the real one. This is achieved through 3D shared virtual worlds; biosensors and activity sensors (from the real to the virtual world); and personal digital assistants and/or mobile phones (from the virtual world to the real one). We will describe the different technologies involved in the interreality approach and the clinical rationale of the protocol. To illustrate the concept of interreality in practice, a clinical scenario regarding a soldier affected by acute psychological stress will be also presented and discussed.
The Emergence of Total Fitness in the United States Department of Defense: A Necessary Focus for Sustaining the Human System in the New Era of Full Spectrum Operations
Authors: Yosick Todd M.  , Rhodes Jeffrey E.  , Schobitz Richard  , Horn Sarah  , Phan Rosie
Published: February 2025

A new era of full spectrum operations places service members under increasing pressures that lead to breakdowns in the human system, undermining mission success and force readiness. The U.S. Department of Defense is shifting to promoting a comprehensive model that optimizes physical and cognitive capacities to meet operational demands. The concept of “total fitness” provides the necessary framework to achieve a resilient military force ready and able to meet the demands of the 21stcentury. “Total fitness” is a concept that integrates and optimizes the physical, psychological, social and spiritual components of the human operating system to prepare warriors to thrive in any operational situation. The successful emergence of this concept is generally defined by the following four goals: facilitate a cultural shift towards a proactive model of well-being; increase ongoing multi-agency and multi-disciplinary collaboration; identify and disseminate best practices, innovative programs and practical tools; and, increase the provision of needs assessments and consultation services for strengthening resilience-based programs throughout the globe.
Psychological Screening Procedure for Relocated Soldiers of the Austrian Armed Forces
Authors: Slop Helmut  , Kabas C.
Published: February 2025

Background: The Austrian Centre for Operations Preparation (COP) is the organizational body of the Austrian Armed Forces to provide for international and multinational tasks, especially for the preparation and redeployment activities of Peace Support Operations (PSO). The two military psychologists of the COP are responsible for the adequate psychological training and preparation for deployment, the accompanying psychological care-giving for soldiers and their relatives during the mission, but also for the homecoming phase after the end of mission. If necessary, e.g. in case of severe stress symptoms, psychopathological reactions or posttraumatic stress disorder, clinical psychological treatment is provided.
Delivering Ecosystem Service Benefits: Science and Innovation for Sustainable Development
Authors: Spirić Zdravko
Published: February 2025

Continuous environmental pollution, as well as uncontrolled or excessive exhaustion of natural resources and their corresponding risks to human health, safety, security and environment, present great challenges to modern societies. Consequently, innovative and responsible community actions are crucial for achieving environmental security. Effective policy, strategy and measures to control and reduce environmental pollution and preservation of natural resources and ecosystems are of paramount concern in the development process and are synonymous with the achievement of sustainable development goals. However, the achievement of these goals will to a large extent depend on changing the behaviors of individuals, as well as whole societies. With increasing levels of personal and social responsibility, it is the research, development and application of innovative technology and new knowledge that present critical circumstances and tools and that are at the same time the key driving forces significantly contributing to achieving environmental security. Science and innovation will primarily enable a reliable and timely recognition, better understanding and effective reduction of environmental and health risks associated with pollution. On the one hand, this awareness will help in assisting all individuals to reach well-informed decisions about their behavioral choices; the other hand, it may be helpful in recognizing and understanding the importance of challenges and opportunities for ecologically conscious business decisions. Environmental issues are not recognized as a foremost priority in developing countries. Therefore, the scientific community has to accept a full responsibility to act as a leader in building and strengthening the institutional framework by defining the environmental security research priorities as well as initiating, mobilizing, and actively participating in creation and adoption of innovative solutions. It must also aim at raising the general level of knowledge and ethical responsibility within our societies, which will in return enable and encourage policy, science and social dialogue to meet the goals of sustainable development. The challenge may be great, but it is also essential and all the more exciting for it.
Geospatial Technologies and Their Benefit for Ecosystem Services and Human Welfare
Authors: Conti Giuseppe  , De Amicis Raffaele
Published: February 2025

In recent years the rapid development of a number of technologies used for data acquisition, processing, management, and transmission of Geospatial Information (GI), has substantially transformed how experts and common people deal with geospatial data. The capability to access geospatial information of various natures, including earth observation data, sensor data, and data stored in geospatial repositories, at increasing frequency and at relatively low cost, as well as the mass diffusion of localization technologies is in fact causing a profound technological and cultural revolution. This chapter illustrates how the new generation of geospatial technologies and Location Based Services (LBSs) can be extremely beneficial to ecosystem services and human welfare. The analysis is carried out in the context of two scenarios, selected for their significant relevance with the overall rationale of the volume, presenting the advantages brought in two different and complementary contexts such as environmental management and reduction of CO2emissions.
Ecosystem Services and Human Welfare
Authors: Kepner W.G.  , Mouat D.A.  , Lancaster J.M.  , Liotta P.H.
Published: February 2025

Ecosystem services engages support among people, especially policy- and decision-makers, for the recognition that human welfare, prosperity, security, and well-being are intrinsically linked to the health of the environment. As our Earth’s population increases and a changing environment creates change in our natural and social habitats, we see changes in attributes of our most critical resource, such as availability and quality of water supplies. We propose exploring institutional policy, infrastructure, human behavior, and social processes relative to water supply, allocation, and delivery for human use. This theme and our interdisciplinary approach offer unprecedented opportunity to elicit new information that could have important bearing on environmental security.
Coupling Capacitances in Film Structures of Hybrid Microcircuits
Authors: Wisz Bogusław
Published: February 2025

The Fourier integral transformation method for determination of coupling capacitances in the selected conductive paths' system is presented in this paper. It is a continuation of investigations [1], which concerned the identification problems of capacitive couplings in hybrid microcircuits. The capacitance calculation is based on its definition. Electrical potential presented in form of Fourier integrals fulfills the Laplace's equation. Resulting from here the equation system of electric charge distribution is solved numerically using the collocation method. On this basis the capacitance between conducting paths are calculated and partially experimentally verified
Integrating FEM in an Everyday Design Environment to Accurately Calculate the Performance of IPM Motors
Authors: Germishuizen Johannes  , Stanton Scott  , Delafosse Vincent
Published: February 2025

Recent progress in material science has made it possible to economically implement motors with permanent magnet technology in a direct drive system. Particularly synchronous motors with interior permanent magnets benefit from this development. This paper offers a fast and accurate analysis methodology that is suitable for use in an everyday design environment. It uses both the analytical and finite element method (FEM) and is verified by means of a prototype traction motor. From the results, it is concluded that three two-dimensional functions can be used to accurately calculate the performance of permanent magnet motors in an everyday design environment.
Finite Element Analysis of Permanent-Magnet-Assisted Salient-Pole Synchronous Machines Under Load Conditions
Authors: Shima Kazuo  , Matsui Yasuhiro  , Fukami Tadashi  , Hanaoka Ryoichi  , Takata Shinzo
Published: February 2025

To reduce magnetic saturation in the field poles, the authors previously proposed a new type of salient-pole synchronous machine with additional permanent magnets (PMs) between the adjacent field pole tips (PMa-SM). This paper analyzes distributions of magnetic saturation in Nd-Fe-B and ferrite PMa-SMs under no-load and load conditions using finite elements. Irreversible demagnetization of the PMs is also analyzed. The results show that the effect of reducing the magnetic saturation is larger in the Nd-Fe-B PMa-SM than in the ferrite PMa-SM. Irreversible demagnetization hardly arises in the Nd-Fe-B PMs, while it arises in the ferrite PMs.
New Design of a Shaded Pole Motor for Improved Performance
Authors: Petkovska Lidija  , Cvetkovski Goga
Published: February 2025

In the paper a novel design of a single phase AC motor is proposed. The presented design is developed from an existing shaded pole induction motor produced in an assembly-line. Instead of a standard squirrel cage rotor, by simple operation, a barium-ferrite permanent magnet is inserted. No other actions are undertaken. The gained contribution is an improvement of the overall motor performance, including the manufacturing and operating characteristics. Both the reference induction motor and the new designed permanent magnet motor are studied. The most relevant steady-state characteristics are calculated and presented comparatively in figures and tables. The preliminary results are promising.
Measure of the Shielding Effectiveness in Coaxial Cables
Authors: Dos Santos Kenedy Marconi Geraldo  , Colin Arnaud  , Ramdani Mohamed  , Paulino José Osvaldo Saldanha  , Santos Leonardo Alvarenga Lopes  , Santos Claudio H. Gomes
Published: February 2025

The coaxial cables' shielding effectiveness is an important parameter to guarantee the electromagnetic compatibility of the electro-electronic systems. This concern involves the signal quality in the cable and the correct functioning of the nearby equipments. It would be interesting to detect such a failure as soon as possible in order to conceive better systems and avoid unnecessary costs. Within this context, this work presents a simplified methodology to validate a virtual shielding effectiveness measurement in any coaxial cables, through a comparison with a physical experiment.
Magnetic Diagnosis of Gliding Arc
Authors: Menecier S.  , Perisse F.  , Latchimy T.  , Achard C.  , Velleaud G.
Published: February 2025

Gliding arc discharges are the topics of renewed interest in applications to a variety of chemical reactions. A gliding arc creates a weakly ionized gas ‘string’ between two horn-shaped electrodes. The reacting gas introduced at the electrode base blows the arc string upwards. These devices can be applied in industry mainly for decontamination, general gas treatment and for surface treatment [1–5]. The diagnosis methods of gliding arc are based on the analysis of electrical and optical parameters (laser and fast camera) [6–8]. An original method based on the measurement of magnetic field at different points is presented.
Measurements Automation, Processing, Monitoring and Control of the Electromagnetic Spectrum via the Advantest Spectrum Analyzer R3131A
Authors: Christofi Georgios A.  , Nicolaou Charalambos P.  , Razis Panos A.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this project was to create a complete system for monitoring and controlling the electromagnetic spectrum in the area of mobile telephony according to case 3 of ECC/REC/(02)04 “Measuring non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation (9kHz–300GHZ)” recommendation. Processing, analyzing and extracting the conclusions on the measurements made at mobile telephony based stations are compared to the ICNIRP guideline reference levels. The total results from the measurements are registered in a database out of which a laboratory report can be made.
Surrogate Data Testing to Detect Nonlinear Dynamics in Partial Discharge
Authors: Barbieri Luca  , Martini Luciano  , Morando Adriano P.
Published: February 2025

In connection with the monitoring of insulation degradation of large power apparatus in order to predict their unexpected service failures, a statistical approach, such as “phase resolved partial discharge analysis” (PRPDA), has been established for the on-line monitoring system during the past decades. Recently some author has shown that partial discharge can exhibit chaotic behavior. For this reason it is essential to test for determinism in the experimental data before attempting to estimate any invariants describing the dynamics of the Partial Discharges (PD) sources. In this paper we present a method for detecting determinism in the PD data for corona effect in air.
Generalized Pattern Search for Solving Materials Properties Determination Inverse Problem
Authors: Mohdeb Naamane  , Mekideche Mohamed Rachid  , Hacib Tarik  , Belli Zoubida  , Bouchekhou Hocine  , Chebout Mohamed
Published: February 2025

A generalized pattern search method is applied to forecast the ferromagnetic properties of a material under test. A GPS is used as the new method in electrical engineering for complete the parameters identification problem or solving materials properties determination inverse problem. Both the coupled electromagnetic circuits method (CECM) and the new approach (GPS) are used to estimate the electric conductivity and magnetic permeability of a circular material under test.
Nondestructive Evaluation of the Conductivity Tensor of a CFRP Plate Using a Rotating Eddy Current Sensor
Authors: Menana Hocine  , Feliachi Mouloud
Published: February 2025

We propose a contactless method for the determination of the conductivity tensor of a carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plate, using a rotating eddy current sensor of a rectangular shape. The conductivity tensor of the CFRP plate is determined, starting from the fibers orientation in each ply constituting it, and the conductivities in the directions parallel and transverse to the fibers in one ply. We developed analytical relations giving the longitudinal and transversal conductivities as function of the impedances variations of the coil corresponding to its orientations parallel and transverse to the fibers. These analytical relations are developed by inverting interpolation functions of curves giving the variations of the coil impedances in the positions parallel and transverse to fibers. These curves are obtained by a numerical model based on the T-φ formulation and solved using the finite difference method in the CFRP plate, coupled to a volume integral formulation in the source region, so as only the active parts of the system are discretized.
Evaluation of Inductance of Reactor Excited by DC-Biased Current with Very Small AC Component Taking Account of Incremental Permeability on Minor Hysteresis Loop
Authors: Okamoto Yoshifumi  , Maeda Kenji  , Fujiwara Koji  , Ishihara Yoshiyuki
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the evaluation of inductance of reactor excited by dc-biased current with very small ac component. Authors point out that the normal magnetization curve is insufficient to the computation with such an excitation condition because the operating point moves on the minor hysteresis loop. We develop the practical method which uses the incremental permeability obtained from the magnetic measurement. The computed results were compared with the measured one to validate the proposed method.
A Comparative Perspective of International Cooperation against Terrorism
Authors: Sezgin Erkan
Published: February 2025

This chapter reports on a study carried out to compare the effect of cultural differences—both ethnic-based and professional ‘cultures’—on perspectives of international cooperation against terrorism. In doing so, it explores potential opportunities for international cooperation by measuring subjective interpretations of professionals from different organizations in charge of counter-terrorism practices.
Conclusions: Towards a Culture of Sharing in Intelligence Cooperation Practices?
Authors: Tuzuner Musa
Published: February 2025

This chapter provides the wrap-up discussion from the workshop that inspired the chapters in this volume. The discussion addressed the primary issues of whether or not there is an emerging transnational cooperation regime, and whether—and if so, how—states are adapting to meet transnational security challenges. Highlighted are issues such as informal alliances and the idea of informality in general as a characteristic of new intelligence cooperation practices.
Understanding the UK-US Intelligence Partnership
Authors: Hermann Michael
Published: February 2025

From both academic and practitioner-based perspectives, this piece outlines the history and characteristics of the intelligence relationship between the United States and England. It then draws on this past to outline lessons for effective future counter-terrorism practices.
A New Paradigm in Intelligence Sharing: International Cooperation (IC)
Authors: Tayfun Recep
Published: February 2025

To achieve effective international and intranational cooperation on sensitive matters of intelligence requires, among other things, common understandings of basic principles. To this end, this chapter provides a broad background on intelligence definitions and approaches, characteristics of intelligence, and existing organizations for building up intelligence cooperation.