bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extra-anatomic “Rendezvous” Technique in Management of Biliary Complications Following Liver Surgery: A Technical Note
Authors: Boughanmi Wafa , Derbel Haytham , Lebaleur Yann , Chiaradia Melanie , Tacher Vania , Kobeiter Hicham
Published: February 2018

We describe extra-anatomic “rendezvous” technique for the management of bile leak associated with biliary stricture following hepatic surgery in two patients. In the procedure, the endoscopic guidewire was snared from the biloma cavity and pulled through the percutaneous access allowing for a drain to be placed. Both procedures were technically successful.
Safety and Efficacy of Cryoablation of Renal Tumors in a High-Risk Patient Population at a Community Hospital
Authors: Oselkin Martin , Cornish Nathan , Homel Peter , Honig Shaun , Silver David , Sobolevsky Sergei
Published: February 2018

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous cryoablation for the treatment of renal masses in a high surgical risk population stratified by Charlson Comorbidity Index treated at a community hospital and to determine parameters associated with higher complication rates. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with renal masses treated with image-guided percutaneous cryoablation between 2007 and 2013 was performed. Results: A total of 121 tumors were ablated in 105 patients. The mean patient age was 70 years old. Comorbidities included morbid obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, pulmonary disease, cigarette use, and renal insufficiency. Mean tumor size treated was 3.15 cm in largest diameter, ranging from 1.4 to 6.5 cm. Complications were observed in 16 cases. The most common complication was perinephric and/or pararenal hemorrhage. Procedures with >3.5 probes, hemoglobin >12.5 g/dl, tumor size >3.55 cm, and age >75 years were all associated with greater likelihood of complications. Conclusions: Our experience with percutaneous cryoablation of small renal masses offers similar results in efficacy to published data in patients with significant comorbidities. In addition, the results of our study show that percutaneous cryoablation is relatively safe in patients with renal cancer who are poor surgical candidates but warrants special consideration. Parameters associated with higher rates of complications have been established, which may be used by physicians as a guide.
Is mechanical ventilation mandatory for the management of severe head injury? outcome in 53 medically managed severe head injury patients, without ventilatory support: A prospective study
Authors: Sundaram Ponraj , Arora Pankaj , Ramalingam Jinendrakumar , D'Costa Jorson
Published: February 2018

Background: Severe head injury (SHI) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity across the world. The current paradigm of management of SHI involves admission in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), mechanical ventilation (MV), and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. Such resources are expensive and often unavailable in the developing world. Objective: MV or ICP monitoring was unavailable for our patients due to the scarcity of resources. Hence, other alternatives were considered to prevent secondary brain injury due to hypoxia. This study assessed the outcome after SHI when managed with an early tracheostomy (ET). Methods: This prospective observational study over 13 months included all medically managed SHI patients without MV or ICP monitoring. The Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) was assessed at discharge and compared with published historical data reported after treatment in an ICU environment. Results: Our study included 53 unoperated patients with SHI among 1862 patients with traumatic brain injury. Overall mortality was 24.5% (13/53) and compared favorably with reported mortality of 25%–40% reported from centers using intensive management. At discharge, the favorable outcome with a GOS of 4 or 5 was seen in 39.6% (21/53). Conclusion: With ET, the results of management of SHI in our patients were comparable to results reported after MV in an ICU environment. Hence, ET is a cost-effective alternative when resources are scarce. MV should be used if hypoxia persists after tracheostomy. Although MV effectively prevents hypoxia, it has complications. We conclude that although MV was unavailable for our patients, they did not have the complications associated with it.
Elderly Usersâ€™ Perspective on the Use of Technology in Daily Life: A Comparative Study of a sample in the UK and Brazil
Authors: Da Silva Santana Carla , Leeson George
Published: February 2018

This paper investigated the perceptions of sample composed by British and Brazilian adults and older people on the use of electronic devices in their daily lives. This is an exploratory, cross-sectional, descriptive study involving 100 adults and elderly subjects, 50 Brazilian and 50 British adults. The data collection included a social-economic questionnaire; an IDLA index â€“ the Lawton & Brody scale (1969), and a self-reported and a structured questionnaire. The results show that exposure time to technology had a positive impact during the most advanced phases of usage, which was supported by reports of fewer difficulties in the use of such devices, a feeling of greater confidence, and a sense of belonging to the modern world. The frequency in the use electronic devices in daily life, the ability to use them, use perception in public as a stressful experience were shown to be the main differences between the British and Brazilian groups. Both are not comfortable in modern society, complain of unsuitable appliances and refer to their lack of contact with these devices in the past.
A Neural Network Approach to Weibull Distributed Sea Clutter Parameter's Estimation
Authors: Machado Fernández José Raúl , Bacallao Vidal Jesus de la Concepción , Chávez Ferry Nelso
Published: February 2018

The main problem faced by sea radars is the elimination of an undesirable signal that appears mixed with target information: sea clutter. The clutter results from the echo caused by the rebound of the primary emission at sea surface. One of the most popular probability distributions in clutter modelling is the Weibull distribution. Helpful in efficient detectorsâ€™ design, a system able to recognize the Weibull shape parameter knowing a priori that the mean of the distribution is equal to zero is proposed. The result is appropriate for real time operating conditions as it is based on a neural networks approximation in the estimator role.
An Intelligent System Prototype to support and sharing diagnoses of maligned tumours, based on personalized medicine philosophy
Authors: Flores Fonseca Víctor Manuel , Quelopana Aldo
Published: February 2018

Circulatory systems diseases are one of the most important causes of death in Chilean population according to a report presented by the Chilean National Bureau of Statistics (INE). Undoubtedly, these sad numbers arise an opportunity to analyse ways to improve this situation. Personalized Medicine is a new approach used to adapt standard medical treatments to individual characteristics of patients. Currently, several kinds of personalized-medicine software applications are building using Artificial Intelligent techniques and supported by techniques as Cloud Computing and Big Data. This architecture provides complex and varied information access, such as clinical data, genome data, patientsâ€™ treatment or drugs information, among others. This document describes a proposal to produce a method for generating and sharing medical information, particularly of maligned tumors in Chile. The prototype will be developed within the framework of the personalized medicine.
A Fefferman–Stein inequality for the Carleson operator
Authors: Beltran David
Published: February 2018

We provide a Fefferman–Stein type weighted inequality for maximally modulated Calderón–Zygmund operators that satisfy
a priori
weak type unweighted estimates. This inequality corresponds to a maximally modulated version of a result of Pérez. Applying it to the Hilbert transform we obtain the corresponding inequality for the Carleson operator

\mathcal{C}

, that is

\mathcal{C}\colon L^p(M^{\lfloor p \rfloor +1}w) \to L^p(w)

for any

1 <p <\infty

and any weight function

w

, with bound independent of

w

. We also provide a maximal-multiplier weighted theorem, a vector-valued extension, and more general two-weighted inequalities. Our proof builds on a recent work of Di Plinio and Lerner combined with some results on Orlicz spaces developed by Pérez.
Tangent measures and absolute continuity of harmonic measure
Authors: Azzam Jonas , Mourgoglou Mihalis
Published: February 2018

We show that for uniform domains

\Omega\subseteq \mathbb R^{d+1}

whose boundaries satisfy a certain nondegeneracy condition that harmonic measure cannot be mutually absolutely continuous with respect to

\alpha

-dimensional Hausdorff measure unless

\alpha\leq d

. We employ a lemma that shows that, at almost every non-degenerate point, we may find a tangent measure of harmonic measure whose support is the boundary of yet another uniform domain whose harmonic measure resembles the tangent measure.
On congruences between normalized eigenforms with different sign at a Steinberg prime
Authors: Dieulefait Luis Victor , Soto Eduardo
Published: February 2018

Let

f

be a newform of weight

2

on

\Gamma_0(N)

with Fourier

q

-expansion

f(q)=q+\sum_{n\geq 2} a_n q^n

, where

\Gamma_0(N)

denotes the group of invertible matrices with integer coefficients, upper triangular mod

N

. Let

p

be a prime dividing

N

once,

p\parallel N

, a Steinberg prime. Then, it is well known that

a_p\in\{1,-1\}

. We denote by

K_f

the field of coefficients of

f

. Let

\lambda

be a finite place in

K_f

not dividing

2p

and assume that the mod

\lambda

Galois representation attached to

f

is irreducible. In this paper we will give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of another Hecke eigenform

f'(q)=q+\sum_{n\geq 2} a'_n q^n

p

-new of weight

2

on

\Gamma_0(N)

and a finite place

\lambda'

of

K_{f'}

such that

a_p=-a'_p

and the Galois representations

\bar\rho_{f,\lambda}

and

\bar\rho_{f',\lambda'}

are isomorphic.
$L^p$ regularity of homogeneous elliptic differential operators with constant coefficients on $\mathbb R^N$
Authors: Rabier Patrick J.
Published: February 2018

Let

A

be a homogeneous elliptic differential operator of order

m

on

\mathbb {R}^{N}

with constant complex coefficients. A special case of the main result is as follows: suppose that

u\in L_{\rm {loc}}^{1}

and that

Au\in L^{p}

for some

1 < p < \infty

. Then, all the partial derivatives of order

m

of

u

are in

L^{p}

if and only if

|u|

grows slower than

|x|^{m}

at infinity, provided that growth is measured in an

L^{1}

-averaged sense over balls with increasing radii. The necessity provides an alternative answer to the pointwise growth question investigated with mixed success in the literature. Only very few special cases of the sufficiency are already known, even when

A=\Delta

.

The full result gives a similar necessary and sufficient growth condition for the derivatives of

u

of any order

k\geq 0

to be in

L^{p}

when

Au

satisfies a suitable (necessary) condition. This is generalized to exterior domains, which sometimes introduces mandatory restrictions on

N

and

p,

and to Douglis–Nirenberg elliptic systems whose entries are homogeneous operators with constant coefficients but possibly different orders, as the Stokes system.
The Impact of a Fogarty International Center-Supported Tuberculosis Research Training Program in the Country of Georgia
Authors: Kempker Russell R. , Tukvadze Nestani , Sthreshley Lisa , Sharling Lisa , Comeau Dawn L. , Magee Matthew J. , del Rio Carlos , Avaliani Zaza , Blumberg Henry M.
Published: February 2018

In 2004, there existed limited tuberculosis (TB) research capacity in the country of Georgia. In response, a collaborative research training program (RTP) supported by a National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center Global Infectious Diseases grant was formed between a U.S. academic institution and the National Center for Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NCTLD) and other institutions in Georgia. We sought to assess outcomes of this RTP. The TB RTP combined didactic and mentored research training for Georgian trainees. Long-term trainees were supported for a 2-year period and with posttrainee career development mentoring. Metrics used to measure program performance included publications, grants received, and career advancement. From 2004 to 2015, 20 trainees participated in the program with 15 (75%) authoring a total of 65 publications in PubMed-listed journals. The median number of publications per trainee was six (interquartile range 2–14). A total of 16 (80%) trainees remain working in the area of TB; nine were promoted to leadership positions and three to lead research units at Georgian institutions. Ten (50%) trainees were the principal investigator (PI) of a peer-reviewed external grant after Fogarty-supported training, and 40% served as research mentors. Annual TB-related research funding at the NCTLD increased from $5,000 in 2005 to ∼$1.5 million in 2017. A Georgian Fogarty trainee was either PI, site PI, or coinvestigator on > 90% of all research funding. We believe that the NIH Fogarty-funded TB research training grant has made critical contributions to increasing the TB-related research infrastructure and capacity in Georgia, particularly at the NCTLD.
The Time Factor – Toshihiko Izutsu and Islamic Economic Tradition
Authors: AL-DAGHISTANI Sami
Published: February 2018

This paper interrogates the notions of time and money in Islamic (economic) tradition by applying Toshihiko Izutsu’s theory of the key terms of a worldview. A Japanese scholar of Islam, Toshihiko Izutsu (1914–1993), wrote extensively on Islamic studies, eastern mystical traditions, and Sufism. His theory of key ethical concepts in the Qur’an is a semantic analysis of an Islamic worldview, which can be applied also more specifically to economic thought in Islamic tradition. Applying Izutsu’s theory would shed light on the main ethico-economic concepts and postulates in Islamic intellectual history, such as the notions of time, money, and commodity purchases, as well as their relation to man as a time-contingent being. As well as the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into three main parts. In the first part, I introduce Izutsu’s life and his semantic theory. The second focuses on Islamic economics and its relation to Sharī‘a as a moral concept, whereas the third part inquires more specifically upon the notion of time and money in classical and contemporary Islamic economic thought.
OBJETO E CONCEITO DO DIREITO ADMINISTRATIVO: REVISÃO CRÍTICA
Authors: Horbach Carlos Bastide
Published: February 2018

O presente trabalho busca identificar o objeto do direito administrativo, levando em consideração a evolução história da disciplina e as peculiaridades dos sistemas jurídicos – romano-germânico e anglo-saxão –, para construir um conceito que indique claramente a essência desse ramo da ciência jurídica. Essa tarefa torna-se necessária ante a natureza cambiante dessa matéria jurídica, cujas normas necessitam de constante atualização para atender as necessidades da administração pública.
AVALIAÇÃO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS VERSUS AVALIAÇÃO DE IMPACTO LEGISLATIVO: UMA VISÃO DICOTÔMICA DE UM FENÔMENO SINGULAR
Authors: Andrade Aparecida De Moura , Santana Héctor Valverde
Published: February 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é buscar uma aproximação das definições e objetivos das técnicas de avaliação de políticas públicas e da avaliação de impacto legislativo, a fim de apresentar uma demonstração do estado da arte dos dois campos de estudos e a justificação para indicar que se trata da mesma abordagem. A locução políticas públicas é plurívoca do ponto de vista doutrinário. A partir dessa multiplicidade de conceitos, verifica-se também uma confusão sobre a relação entre avaliação de políticas públicas, avaliação de programas sociais e avaliação de impacto legislativo. Nesse contexto, com base na pesquisa doutrinária e no método de abordagem dedutivo, a primeira parte do estudo apresenta conceitos, campos de atuação, ciclos e processo de avaliação das políticas públicas; na sequência, é feito um resumo da Legística, do campo de origem da avaliação de impacto legislativo e suas concepções. Ao final, o estudo mostra que os objetivos são comuns aos dois processos – avaliação de políticas públicas e avaliação de impacto legislativo –, uma vez que o objeto de análise de ambos passa, obrigatoriamente, pela norma jurídica.
A TERCEIRA MARGEM DO CONSTITUCIONALISMO REPUBLICANO: UMA CRÍTICA A FRANK MICHELMAN
Authors: Vargas Daniel Barcelos
Published: February 2018

As décadas de 1980 e 1990 marcaram a hegemonia de uma nova tradição constitucional: o constitucionalismo republicano. Esta tradição, originalmente desenvolvida nos Estados Unidos, pregava o resgate de ideais como bem comum, deliberação cívica e vontade popular por meio de revisão da história e da teoria político-constitucional. Entre os seus maiores expoentes, estava o professor Frank Michelman. Michelman sugere um caminho para se reconciliar, no pensamento e na prática constitucional, o ideal republicano do autogoverno e os limites territoriais e populacionais das democracias. Para superar esse distanciamento entre o ideal de cidadania participativa e os limites da vida moderna, Michelman apresenta a Suprema Corte como a instituição capacitada a assumir e representar, ainda que “simbolicamente”, o princípio do autogoverno. O artigo reposiciona o pensamento de Michelman no contexto intelectual do seu tempo, para, em seguida, endereçar seus limites mais profundos. O principal argumento é de que a primazia conferida pelo autor à Suprema Corte, em vez de realizar o ideário republicano, acaba por neutralizar a capacidade coletiva de perseguir, no pensamento e na prática, aprimoramentos na democracia contemporânea.
DIREITOS AUTORAIS E MÚSICA: TECNOLOGIA, DIREITO E REGULAÇÃO
Authors: Pereira Ribeiro Marcia Carla , Obladen de Almendra Freitas Cinthia , Carneiro Neves Rubia
Published: February 2018

A partir de abordagem multidisciplinar, o artigo analisou o presente impacto da tecnologia sobre o Direito de Propriedade Intelectual, com ênfase nos fonogramas. Considerou a essencialidade dos recursos tecnológicos para permitir a universalização do acesso à música bem como para viabilizar a preservação dos direitos autorais. Cotejou o papel regulador do Direito no tema pesquisado e as ferramentas tecnológicas que podem facilitar a identificação da autoria e a justa partilha dos resultados econômicos da obra. Resultante de projeto de pesquisa envolvendo distintos programas de pós-graduação em Direito do país, foi elaborado a partir de análise teórica e dogmática com base no método lógico-dedutivo, transportando conhecimentos da área tecnológica, de forma a facilitar a compreensão dos aspectos jurídicos e econômicos relacionados ao direito autoral de fonogramas, utilizando-se de referenciais teóricos da Ciência da Computação, do Direito de Propriedade e do Direito Econômico. A técnica de pesquisa aplicada foi documentação indireta por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e legislativa. O artigo concluiu que a tecnologia pode ser empregada como uma importante aliada na busca por soluções que compatibilizem o Direito de Propriedade Intelectual relacionado à música em seus aspectos individual e social.
REDES SOCIAIS E CROWDSOURCING CONSTITUCIONAL: A INFLUÊNCIA DA CIBERDEMOCRACIA SOBRE A GÊNESE E A INTERPRETAÇÃO DE NORMAS CONSTITUCIONAIS
Authors: Ajouz Igor
Published: February 2018

O trabalho explora perspectivas acerca da influência da interação humana nas redes sociais sobre a construção da ordem constitucional, seja em relação à produção de textos normativos, seja em relação à interpretação das disposições constitucionais vigentes. O objetivo da pesquisa é aferir a influência do uso das redes sociais sobre o poder constituinte e a hermenêutica constitucional, com o emprego de pesquisa bibliográfica, nacional e estrangeira, com o aporte de produções teóricas extrajurídicas. As conclusões do estudo sinalizam expressivo potencial participativo popular, em ordem a incrementar o suporte democrático da ordem constitucional.
The white-seared landscape: Walkabout as iconic Australian counterculture
Authors: McDonald Jack
Published: February 2018

Nicolas Roeg’s Walkabout, a 1971 Australian New Wave film, has ignited and continues to ignite a deep desire in its audience to ruminate and engage with Aboriginal political discourse. This seminal work emerged out of social unrest for the injustices performed on Aborigines at the time, and made a definitive mark on how Australian’s think about race relations, intercultural understanding, and the place of empathy and thoughtfulness in a shifting and vibrant political landscape. Through the film, Roeg highlights the importance of sacred land and cultural heritage to the Aboriginal people, and the obligation white Australia has to respect and appreciate such a deep and fundamental component of the continent’s history.
'I have a dream' mural site visit
Authors: Crellin Zac
Published: February 2018

Growing up in the Inner West, I always found it strange that the 'I have a dream’ mural on King St featured Martin Luther King Jr’s face above an Aboriginal flag. After considering the site’s deep history more thoughtfully, I now realise the significance of black internationalism, particularly developments in the United States, in Aboriginal peoples’ fight for rights.
Fluctuations of radio occultation signals in sounding the Earth's atmosphere
Authors: Kan Valery , Gorbunov Michael E. , Sofieva Viktoria F.
Published: February 2018

Abstract. We discuss the relationships that link the observed fluctuation
spectra of the amplitude and phase of signals used for the radio occultation
sounding of the Earth's atmosphere, with the spectra of atmospheric
inhomogeneities. Our analysis employs the approximation of the phase screen
and of weak fluctuations. We make our estimates for the following
characteristic inhomogeneity types: (1) the isotropic Kolmogorov turbulence
and (2) the anisotropic saturated internal gravity waves. We obtain the
expressions for the variances of the amplitude and phase fluctuations of
radio occultation signals as well as their estimates for the typical
parameters of inhomogeneity models. From the GPS/MET observations, we
evaluate the spectra of the amplitude and phase fluctuations in the altitude
interval from 4 to 25 km in the middle and polar latitudes. As
indicated by theoretical and experimental estimates, the main contribution
into the radio signal fluctuations comes from the internal gravity waves. The
influence of the Kolmogorov turbulence is negligible. We derive simple
relationships that link the parameters of internal gravity waves and the
statistical characteristics of the radio signal fluctuations. These results
may serve as the basis for the global monitoring of the wave activity in the
stratosphere and upper troposphere.
Black carbon and mineral dust in snow cover on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Yulan , Kang Shichang , Sprenger Michael , Cong Zhiyuan , Gao Tanguang , Li Chaoliu , Tao Shu , Li Xiaofei , Zhong Xinyue , Xu Min , Meng Wenjun , Neupane Bigyan , Qin Xiang , Sillanpää Mika
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Snow cover plays a key role for sustaining ecology and society in mountainous regions. Light-absorbing particulates (including black carbon, organic carbon, and mineral dust) deposited on snow can reduce surface albedo and contribute to the near-worldwide melting of snow and ice. This study focused on understanding the role of black carbon and other water-insoluble light-absorbing particulates in the snow cover of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The results found that the black carbon, organic carbon, and dust concentrations in snow cover generally ranged from 202 to 17 468 ng g−1, 491 to 13 880 ng g−1, and 22 to 846 µg g−1, respectively, with higher concentrations in the central to northern areas of the TP. Back trajectory analysis suggested that the northern TP was influenced mainly by air masses from Central Asia with some Eurasian influence, and air masses in the central and Himalayan region originated mainly from Central and South Asia. The relative biomass-burning-sourced black carbon contributions decreased from ∼ 50 % in the southern TP to ∼ 30 % in the northern TP. The relative contribution of black carbon and dust to snow albedo reduction reached approximately 37 and 15 %, respectively. The effect of black carbon and dust reduced the snow cover duration by 3.1 ± 0.1 to 4.4 ± 0.2 days. Meanwhile, the black carbon and dust had important implications for snowmelt water loss over the TP. The findings indicate that the impacts of black carbon and mineral dust need to be properly accounted for in future regional climate projections, particularly in the high-altitude cryosphere.
Satellite-derived sea-ice export and its impact on Arctic ice mass
balance
Authors: Ricker Robert , Girard-Ardhuin Fanny , Krumpen Thomas , Lique Camille
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Ice volume export drives variations of Arctic ice mass balance. It also represents a significant fresh water input to the North Atlantic, which could in turn modulate the intensity of the thermohaline circulation. We present the first estimates of winter sea ice volume export through the Fram Strait using CryoSat-2 sea ice thickness retrievals and three different drift products for the years 2010 to 2017. The export rates vary between −21 and −540 km3/month. We find that ice drift variability is the main driver of annual and interannual ice volume export variability, and that the interannual variations of the ice drift are driven by large scale variability of the atmospheric circulation captured by the Arctic Oscillation and North Atlantic Oscillation indices. On shorter timescale, however, the seasonal cycle is also driven by the mean thickness of exported sea ice, typically peaking in March. Considering Arctic winter multiyear ice volume changes, 54 % of the variability can be explained by the variations of ice volume export through the Fram Strait.
Western Faculty Profile: Dr. Shannon L. Sibbald
Authors: Jiang Yuxuan (Max)
Published: February 2018

Dr. Shannon L. Sibbald is a jointly-appointed assistant professor in School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences and the Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry. As the co-director of the Laboratory of Knowledge Translation in Health, her research revolves around effective system integration. Currently, Dr. Sibbald is working alongside healthcare providers to improve the COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) care pathway. Dr. Sibbald was interviewed by Yuxuan Jiang, a first-year representative of the WURJ and recounted her academic career, gave advice for young investigators on grant applications and introduced the field of knowledge translation.
Western Faculty Profile: Dr. Elizabeth MacDougall-Shackleton
Authors: Parkinson Dora
Published: February 2018

Dr. Elizabeth MacDougall-Shackleton is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biology at Western University. Her research focuses on how evolutionary processes interact with ecological processes to shape patterns of genetic variation within and among songbird populations. Dora Parkinson, a member of the Western Undergraduate Research Journal, had the opportunity to interview Dr. MacDougall-Shackleton.
A escola na perspectiva de adolescentes da Geração Z
Authors: Campeiz Ana Flávia , Oliveira Wanderlei Abadio de , Fonseca Luciana Mara Monti , Andrade Luciane Sá de , Silva Marta Angélica Iossi
Published: February 2018

Objetivou-se analisar o sentido da escola para estudantes da Geração Z de uma escola de Ensino Médio de uma capital do norte brasileiro. Estudo qualitativo do qual participaram 57 adolescentes. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de grupos focais e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Os resultados evidenciaram dois núcleos temáticos: Escola, espaço para aprender e preparar para o futuro e, Impasses e em passos, construindo novas perspectivas sobre a escola. Os adolescentes compreendem a escola como espaço de construção da aprendizagem, porém consideram o ambiente virtual também como espaço de construir conhecimento. Esse estudo oferece contribuições para repensar a educação direcionada à geração digital, no sentido de incorporar ao ensino novas linguagens e inovações, além de orientar a definição de planos e linhas de cuidado e atenção à saúde que considerem as novas relações entre os adolescentes e a tecnologia.
Risco, mercado criminal e interações violentas: etnografia de um conjunto habitacional periférico numa cidade média do estado de São Paulo
Authors: Francisco de Souza Luís Antonio , Ribeiro de Magalhães Bóris , De Sousa Romero Gabriel , Franzolin Valera Mariana
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo procura explorar os dilemas vivenciados por moradores de um conjuntohabitacional periférico numa cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. A discussãoparte da perspectiva da expansão do mercado criminal em conexão com a ampliaçãodos riscos decorrentes disso, sobretudo, para os jovens moradores do conjuntohabitacional. Por meio de uma etnografia, o estudo aborda as interações violentasentre jovens vinculados ao mercado ilegal das drogas e a polícia. A preocupação doartigo é identificar os conflitos, a violência letal e as estratégias de sobrevivência dosmoradores do conjunto a partir de sua inserção no mercado informal e ilegal, e averiguaros padrões de resolução de conflitos no interior do chamado tribunal do crime.
Sustentabilidades das ONG
Authors: Félix de Melo Marina
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo discute as sustentabilidades das Organizações Não Governamentais(ONG) como eixo analítico no conhecimento dos processos de profissionalização doTerceiro Setor. Percebemos a sustentabilidade financeira como um instrumento quepossibilita e, ao mesmo tempo, limita a existência das organizações. A investigaçãoapoia-se no paradigma qualitativo de análise e encontra, como resultado, um TerceiroSetor frágil consoante à sustentabilidade, em que a profissionalização institucional dasONG tem papel importante nesse cenário. Ainda que profissionalização e sustentabilidadesejam dimensões analíticas positivamente correlacionadas, a profissionalizaçãode uma organização não assegura a instituição quanto a sua sustentabilidade financeirae suas necessidades materiais que possibilitam o funcionamento da ONG.
Sobre mulheres fortes e homens ausentes: pensando conjugalidades como processos em Cabo Verde
Authors: Lobo Andréa
Published: February 2018

O artigo aborda as afetividades, as formas possíveis de conjugalidades e os dilemas enfrentados por homens e mulheres, mas, sobretudo, por mulheres, no processo de construção de relações conjugais. Os dados de pesquisa têm como lócus o arquipélago de Cabo Verde, especialmente a Ilha da Boa Vista. Em Cabo Verde, as relações familiares seriam marcadas por uma centralidade feminina combinada com um sistema patriarcal. O laço afetivo fundamental nesse contexto seria aquele estabelecido entre mãe e filho(a), e as relações de filiação teriam preponderância sobre aquelas baseadas na afinidade. Argumento nesta pesquisa que as relações afetivo-conjugais são vividas de formas distintas nos percursos de vida de homens e mulheres e têm reflexos sobre os ciclos de vida dos grupos domésticos. Destaco ainda as formas que a conjugalidade pode assumir ao longo da vida e as estratégias de construção de proximidades adotadas pelas mulheres no cotidiano de suas relações com os homens.
O feminino em mídias digitais: usos de imagens e redes sociais na construção de referências emocionais de gênero
Authors: Cunha Rossi Túlio
Published: February 2018

Este artigo discute como imagens da feminilidade hoje são socialmente constituídas, compartilhadas e reproduzidas em redes sociais e mídias digitais, tanto pelas próprias usuárias quanto em campanhas publicitárias direcionadas ao público jovem feminino. O artigo consiste na análise de dez vídeos publicitários compartilhados em redes sociais e disponíveis no canal de vídeos Youtube, combinada à análise do conteúdo de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com dez mulheres com idade entre 18 e 25 anos e usuárias da rede social Facebook. Observou-se a manutenção de crenças e valores referentes à vida íntima e afetiva, no que persistem, ainda que ressignificados, ideais heteronormativos e monogâmicos de união afetiva, nos quais o casamento e a maternidade seguem como elementos significativos na constituição de projetos de vida femininos. Nisso, persistiria, sob novos mecanismos de reprodução e interpretação, uma idealização romântica de relacionamentos amorosos e de uma “natureza feminina” marcada pela inclinação à afetividade.
Nas tramas da amizade: tensões e limites da sociabilidade em um grupo de “homens homossexuais” mais velhos, a Turma OK
Authors: Barcelos Soliva Thiago
Published: February 2018

Este artigo se ocupa das tensões e dos “limites da sociabilidade” de um grupo de “homens homossexuais” mais velhos, a Turma OK, localizado na Lapa, bairro do Rio de Janeiro. Com mais de cinquenta anos de existência, este grupo segue promovendo eventos que reúnem um número considerável de sócios. Meu interesse aqui é compreender um aspecto significativo da sociabilidade do grupo, o conflito. O foco analítico recai nas tensões e disputas de sentidos sobre o grupo, que são negociadas no fluxo das interações entre os sócios e outros frequentadores. Também enfatizo as distintas opiniões sobre as direções que garantiriam ou não a manutenção da associação. A captura desses sentidos só é possível quando considerada a articulação entre gênero, sexualidade e geração. Os dados para a construção deste texto foram obtidos através de etnografia. As festas, os concursos e a assembleia geral de sócios foram eventos importantes para o registro desses dados.
A “PEC das domésticas” e os enquadramentos midiáticos sobre o trabalho de mulheres
Authors: Goulart Paradis Clarisse , Sarmento Rayza
Published: February 2018

Este trabalho analisou os enquadramentos disponíveis na mídia brasileira sobre a PEC das Domésticas durante a semana de sua promulgação. O referencial teórico utilizado para a análise de quinze textos publicados nos periódicos Folha de S. Paulo e Veja foi oriundo da Sociologia do Gênero, em especial, dos estudos voltados para o trabalho doméstico majoritariamente realizado por mulheres. O artigo aborda as múltiplas desigualdades enfrentadas por essas mulheres em seu ambiente de trabalho, bem como as discussões sobre os laços afetivos que atravessam essas relações e o uso diferenciado do tempo para mulheres e homens. A partir de uma análise qualitativa, identificamos os três enquadramentos principais a guiar a construção das notícias utilizadas no estudo: o dos direitos, o das relações pessoais e o do mercado. Observamos ainda nas notícias a ausência do debate sobre o papel do Estado no oferecimento de condições para que haja melhor conciliação entre esfera pública e privada
As mulheres nas igrejas neopentecostais: a busca pelo protagonismo em meio a tradições hegemônicas
Authors: Gabatz Celso
Published: February 2018

A busca pelo protagonismo das mulheres nas denominações neopentecostais é um fenômeno social que tem sublinhado seu envolvimento e sua participação cada vez maiores nas esferas públicas, contribuindo, desta maneira, para a consolidação de uma nova identidade para elas. Os processos de transformação do papel da mulher no âmbito neopentecostal encontram uma resistência vinculada às ideias patriarcais, enraizadas na cultura, e também de gênero, dificultando uma inserção social efetiva para a construção de um imaginário religioso feminino. As novas formas de subjetividade feminina e a construção de identidades de gênero estão ligadas à participação das mulheres e ao seu carisma pessoal, agregando valor ao combate a relações assimétricas entre os gêneros.
De práticas a capacidades: a atuação de procuradores do Ministério Público Federal no caso de Belo Monte
Authors: Vilaça Luiz
Published: February 2018

Esta pesquisa analisa etnograficamente os processos de construção e transformação de capacidades estatais no Ministério Público Federal (MPF) no contexto de implementação da usina de Belo Monte. Desde 2001, procuradores vêm mobilizando uma série de ações – judiciais e extrajudiciais – que contestam o modo como a barragem está sendo implementada e buscam mitigar seus impactos socioambientais. Neste artigo, exploro como três tipos de práticas de procuradores – os recrutamentos de aliados, as articulações internas e as bricolagens – mudaram as maneiras pelas quais o órgão vem atuando em processos de implementação de grandes projetos. Argumento que essas práticas geraram aprendizagens organizacionais que se traduziram na construção e transformação de diferentes tipos de capacidades no MPF, ressaltando assim o caráter dinâmico das capacidades estatais e a importância de olhar para o que estão efetivamente fazendo os agentes estatais que dão vida a essas capacidades.
A representação da África na música italiana contemporânea: do após-guerra até hoje
Authors: Bussotti Luca Bussotti
Published: February 2018

Este artigo visa analisar como a música italiana contemporânea tem representado a África e os Africanos no períodoPós-Segunda Guerra Mundial. Numa primeira fase, a músicaitaliana negligenciou por completo a África nas suas canções,provavelmente por causa do seu passado inglório coloniale fascista. Depois de algumas canções “leves” que, ao longodos anos Sessenta, representaram os Africanos numa maneirafolclórica, alguns compositores comprometidos propuseramuma imagem diferente da África: primeiro, como um mundo longínquo, desejável e “nostálgico”, e depois denunciandoas condições dos imigrados na Itália, sobretudo de origemafricana. Finalmente, um ponto de vista mais interno emergegraças a jovens rappers Ítalo-Africanos (assim como Ítalo-Asiáticos), capazes de “inverter” a perspetiva com que a músicaitaliana tinha olhado até então para África. O artigo serviu-sede uma metodologia qualitativa, baseada na análise de conteúdo das canções e usando algumas entrevistas dos cantorespresentes na esfera pública.
A Study of Aging Population and Central Provident Fund System in Macao
Authors: Tang, Kai Hong Tang,
Published: February 2018

The world's overall fertility rate is declining while the life expectancy is increasing, the population structure is aging, the dependency ratio in Macao will steadily increase to 38.6% at the end of 2031. The median age of Macao is rising from Aged 38.1 to 45.5 during the period of 2011 to 2031. In this view, Macao becomes the aging society.In order to establish a basis for the establishment of a central provident fund system, the Macao SAR Government implemented the central savings system in 2009 through the General Rules for the Establishment and Management of Individual Accounts of the Central Savings System through Administrative Regulation No. 31/2009 to allocate funds for eligible account holders, Subsequently, the Government of the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) promulgated the Act "Non-mandatory Central Provident Fund System".
At the End of the Day: In Memory of Miriam Polster
Authors: Gold Eva , Zahm Steve
Published: February 2018

Miriam Polster, one of the most well-known Gestalt therapists in the world, died on December 19, 2001. Her writing and teaching have influenced generations of Gestalt therapists over the past 30 years. She was not only well known, but well loved. We were asked to write about Miriam's life, the highlights of her professional career, and her contributions to Gestalt therapy. We have included the words of others who also knew and loved Miriam, including excerpts from answers to questions about Miriam and their life together provided by her husband, colleague, and life partner, Erving Polster. We have attempted to capture some of what made Miriam so special to so many.
Effect of Facility Ownership on Utilization of Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery
Authors: Black Eric M. , Reynolds John , Maltenfort Mitchell G. , Williams Gerald R. , Abboud Joseph A. , Lazarus Mark D.
Published: February 2018

Introduction:

We examined practice patterns and surgical indications in the management of common shoulder procedures by surgeons practicing at physician-owned facilities.

Methods:

This study was a retrospective analysis of 501 patients who underwent arthroscopic shoulder procedures performed by five surgeons in our practice at one of five facilities during an 18-month period. Two of the facilities were physician-owned, and three of the five surgeons were shareholders. Demographics, insurance status, symptom duration, time from injury/symptom onset to the decision to perform surgery (at which time surgical consent is obtained), and time to schedule surgery were studied to determine the influence of facility type and physician shareholder status.

Results:

Median duration of symptoms before surgery was significantly shorter in workers’ compensation patients than in non–workers’ compensation patients (47% less; P < 0.0001) and in men than in women (31% less; P < 0.001), but was not influenced by shareholder status or facility ownership (P > 0.05). Time between presentation and surgical consent was not influenced by facility ownership (P = 0.39) or shareholder status (P = 0.50). Time from consent to procedure was 13% faster in physician-owned facilities than in non–physician-owned facilities (P = 0.03) and 35% slower with shareholder physicians than with nonshareholder physicians (P < 0.0001).

Discussion:

The role of physician investment in private healthcare facilities has caused considerable debate in the orthopaedic surgery field. To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine the effects of shareholder status and facility ownership on surgeons’ practice patterns, surgical timing, and measures of nonsurgical treatment before shoulder surgery.

Conclusions:

Neither shareholder status nor facility ownership characteristics influenced the speed with which surgeons determined that shoulder surgery was indicated or surgeons’ use of preoperative nonsurgical treatment. After the need for surgery was determined, patients underwent surgery sooner at physician-owned facilities than at non–physician-owned facilities and with nonshareholder physicians than with shareholder physicians.

Level of evidence:

Level III
The Effect of Door Opening on Positive Pressure and Airflow in Operating Rooms
Authors: Weiser Mitchell C. , Shemesh Shai , Chen Darwin D. , Bronson Michael J. , Moucha Calin S.
Published: February 2018

Introduction:

Door openings and increased foot traffic in operating rooms (ORs) during total joint arthroplasty are thought to increase the risk of surgical site infection.

Methods:

Digital manometers were used to collect pressure data during off-hours at the thresholds of both the outer door (ie, the door to the common OR hallway) and the inner substerile door, which opens to the substerile hallway, of six empty ORs used for total joint arthroplasty. Airflow patterns were visualized with smoke studies to determine whether outside air entered the ORs during single or multiple door openings. Data were analyzed using the Student t-test and one-way analysis of variance.

Results:

Positive pressure was not defeated during any door-opening event. The average time for recovery of the initial pressurization in the OR regardless of the door used was between 14 and 15 seconds (P = 0.462). No differences in the degree of room depressurization were noted between entry of personnel through the outer door, passing of a surgical tray through the outer door, and entry of personnel through the inner door (P = 0.312). Smoke studies confirmed that no contaminated outside air entered the OR with single door opening. Outside air entered the OR if two doors were open simultaneously.

Conclusion:

Single door opening does not defeat OR positive pressure, but simultaneous opening of two doors allows contaminated air to flow into the OR. OR traffic should continue to be limited during surgical procedures. OR personnel should be educated about the danger to the sterile field that can result from simultaneous door openings and should be discouraged from such activity.
THE STUDY ON FIBROUS PROTEIN OF PIG SCALP ENRICHMENT PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: A Bayanzul , L Damdinsuren , A Gombojav , N Chimegee
Published: February 2018

Studying the chemical composition of pig scalp and extracting the fibrous protein supplements, and completed a study on the use of it in the enrichment technology for sausage production. In addition, there is being used an advanced method to accelerate biochemical reactions to be transmitted into gluten form which is contained in a pig scalp for collagen protein through collagenase enzyme serving. It’s confirmed as the optimal sublimation procedure to use collagenase ferment as a catalyst and cook the pork scalp at 95-97°C for 2-2.5 hours to extract protein concentrator, which will be then frozen at -86°C for 13 hours before being dried in an environment with temperature at -54°C and pressure P=28.9Pa for 8 hours. It’s the most optimal solution if the fibrous protein concentrator is used at 5% of meat mass to be used in the boiled sausage. Research results have shown that dried fibrous protein and its collagen preparation is having with a protein-rich /32.6%/ and low moisture /23.59%/, are proves that is a worthy product to offset the deficiencies of protein collagen forthe human body and to be having with a length of storage time.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF PLANTAGO SP ETHANOLIC EXTRACT IN MURINE RAW264.7 MACROPHAGE CELLS
Authors: Ay N V , Kh Altantsetseg , V Enkhchimeg , O Baatartsogt
Published: February 2018

Besides being recorded as a traditional medicine, nowadays, plantain plants (Plantago sp.) are appreciated in many more aspects. Plantain is a name applied both to a drug and to a vegetable in a number of countries as Vietnam, China, Cambodia, Laos and North American Indians [9, 13]. Plantago sp. traditionally used for treating wound, fever and inflammation in Asia. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extracts of Plantago sp. including P. major L. and P. depressa Willd. on RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. Cells were treated with different concentration of the PAE extract (50, 100, 200, 400 μg/mL) with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation to evaluate its effect on cell viability, using CCK-8 assay. Nitric oxide (NO) production was assessed by Griess reagent on LPS-stimulated cells using preceding PEE treatment. Furthermore, mRNA expression of inflammmatory-related genes were evaluated by RT-PCR analysis. The results revealed that PEE treatment increased cell viability in naive cells whereas inhibited cell profileration in LPS-stimulated cell dose-dependently. In addition, NO emission and mRNA level of IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2 and NF-κB decreased by dose dependant manner. As summary, PEE exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators mRNA expression in macrophages.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ЗАХОРОНЕНИЯ РАДИОАКТИВНЫХ ОТХОДОВ
Authors: Аятхан M , Макеева Л А , Тлеуова Ж О , Баязитова З Е , Шаймерденова З М
Published: February 2018

На Степногорском горно-химический комбинате перерабатываются урановые и молибденсодержащие руды. Рассматриваемая центральная промышленная площадка включает в себя гидрометаллургический завод (ГМЗ) с хвостохранилищем [20, 123], отработанный карьер, законсервированный рудник и вспомогательные производства и находится в 20 км от г. Степногорска в северной части Акмолинской области. У предприятий имеется одно хвостохранилище.