bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing sequence quality in GalaxyTrakr v1
Authors: Timme Ruth , Laxmi Gubbala Venkata Sai , Balkey Maria , Randolf Robyn , Wolfgang William , Strain Errol
Published: March 2020

PURPOSE: Step-by-step instructions for checking WGS sequence quality. The MicroRunQC workflow, implimented in a custom Galaxy instance, will produce quality assessments for raw reads (illumina paired-end fastq files) and draft de novo assemblies, along with reporting the sequence type for each isoalte. This workflow will work on most microbial pathogens, so we advise laboratories to upload their entire MiSeq/NextSeq run through this workflow. SCOPE: This protocol covers the following tasks: 1. set up an account in GalaxyTrakr 2. Create a new history/workspace 3. Upload data 4. Execute the MicroRunQC workflow 5. Interpret the results
Suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in a clinical sample of Mexican naval military
Authors: Ocampo-Ortega René , Portillo-Wong Annel Noely
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Suicide represents the sixteenth cause of death worldwide. Until a few years ago the suicide rate in the US military has been below that of the civilian population, but in 2008 the suicide rate among US soldiers began to outpace the civilian population. To our knowledge, there are no studies that describe suicidal behavior among Mexican military personnel. Objective. To know the frequency of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in the last 12 months in Mexican naval military and determine the variables associated with both ideation and suicide attempt. Method. This cross-sectional study included 246 outpatients who were sent for psychiatric assessment from their operating units. A psychiatric interview was conducted using the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases in its tenth edition, which included the presentation of suicidal ideation and attempted suicide in the last 12 months. Results. Suicidal ideation in the last 12 months occurred in 60 cases (24.39%). Twenty-four cases (9.76%) presented a suicide attempt in the last 12 months. Variables associated with suicidal ideation were military grade (seaman and classes, p = .03), suicide family history (p < .01), depressive disorders (p < .01), and personality disorders (p < .01). Regarding the presentation of attempted suicide, the mean age in the cases was lower (p < .01). There was also a higher frequency of attempted suicide in singles or without a couple (p < .01), in personnel with four years or less in service (p < .01), and in patients with a personality disorder (p < .01). Discussion and conclusion. Greater emphasis in the detection of mental health problems, including suicidality among the military population and more representative studies at the national level are needed.
Development of the Mexican Version of the Empathy Quotient
Authors: Saracco-Álvarez Ricardo Arturo , Fresán Ana , Rodríguez Pérez Víctor , Robles-García Rebeca , Escamilla Orozco Raúl Iván , Díaz Martínez Leonila Rosa , Tovilla-Zárate Carlos-Alfonso , Olivares Neumann José Luis
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Empathy is defined as the ability or process to identify and understand other person’s situation, feelings, and motives. These responses are essential for relationships and social behavior. Baron-Cohen et al. created the Empathy Quotient (EQ), a scale explicitly designed to have a clinical application. The instrument evaluates three constructs of empathy and several studies around worldwide, but not in Mexico. Objective. To examine the psychometric properties and the factor congruence of the EQ in a community sample from Mexico City. Method. Cronbach´s alpha coefficient and a correspondence factorial analysis was performed to test the relation between response options and factors from the Exploratory Factor Analysis 200 adults without Axis I disorders through the MINI, filled out the Spanish version of the short version (28-items) of the EQ. An exploratory factor analysis was performed while reliability was tested with Cronbach’s alpha. In addition, correspondence factorial analysis and the factor congruence coefficient were determined. Results. Five items were eliminated from the original 28-item EQ. From the 23 remaining items, only 16 were grouped in the three original proposed dimensions (cognitive empathy: 8 items, emotional reactivity: 4 items and social skills: 3 items), while one item showed communality with a different domain from the one originally proposed. Reliability was adequate (.82) as well as the congruence coefficients (.76 to .99). Discussion and conclusion. The EQ Mexican 16-item version is a good tool to assess empathy in a Mexican population.
Efficiency Mark of Structuring the Share Capital of Native Automakers
Authors: Baiura D. , Sakharuk B.
Published: March 2020

The proposed system efficiency mark of structuring the share capital of domestic enterprises, consists of three levels. According to this evaluation system, the analysis of the efficiency of structur ing the share capital of domestic automakers over the past eight years has been carried out and the main reasons for the economic downturn in the automotive industry of Ukraine have been identified. According to the analysis, at all investigated enterprises, the profitability of assets is lower than the interest on borrowing. The return on equity of enterprises decreases and acquires negative values, while the profitability of the assets of the investigated enterprises is also negative, as a result of which the profitability of equity with an increase in the level of debt quickly becomes negative. Such a structure of equity is inefficient and unsatisfactory, as the insolvency of enterprises comes along with the onset of obligations. Therefore, an important condition for further economic development of domestic automobile construction companies is the implementation of measures to improve the structure of share capital and optimize it.
Understanding Large Systems
Authors: General Al-Hajrey , Moscardini A.O. , Lawler K.
Published: March 2020

Large systems are notoriously difficult to analyse. This paper explores how a combination of three proven systemic tools can be combined to provide a suitable framework for such analysis. It uses the Gulf Cooperation Council as a case study.
“EUROWORDS” IN UKRAINIAN WORLD IMAGE DIMENSIONS OF XXI CENTURY (DRAWING ON THE ASSOCIATIVE EXPERIMENT RESULTS)
Authors: Bohomolets-Barash O. M.
Published: March 2020

The ongoing process of European integration in Ukraine determines the significance of the topic of research. The article deals with a phenomenon of a contemporary Ukrainian language known as “Eu- ropean speak” (“Eurospeak”, originally “Euromova”), which involves the use of compound words with a prefix “euro”. Such words, mentioned in the article, are the result of the verbalization of the concept EUROPE. The process of creating these neologisms began in the 90s of the last century since Ukraine gained independence, and continues to this day. For instance, we are talking about such a popular phenomenon as “Eurorepair”, which means ‘high quality, new, better; repair like in Europe’. Researchers indicate that the component “euro” has become a significant “sticker” meaning all (West- ern) European. It can be any household goods, stores, catering, etc. However, in spite of the strong de- sire to “be like in Western Europe”, the quality is not always adequate, and therefore, the researchers draw attention to double standards, partiality and selectivity in the use of similar nominations, which is inherent in the countries of Eastern Europe in general. That is why such words can sound with a certain irony and sarcasm, suggesting the exact opposite.

Consequently, Euro-2012 and Euromaidan (2013–2014) became a powerful impulse for the cre- ation and use of Eurospeak, when the media recorded a whole series of innovations with the use of the component “Euro”. Thus, there was a transition in the functioning of these “eurowords” from a purely household spoken sphere to a higher level – to civil and socio-political realities. These particular

words mentioned in the article reflect some of the key phenomena of that time. For example, “Euro- piano” is a piano, which was found at Euromaidan and which people played throughout the events of Euromaidan and Revolution of Dignity. In the media, such compound words perform a diﬀerent stylistic function, depending on the author’s plan and have diﬀerent emotional connotations: from negative-oﬀensive to sublime-patriotic.

The study is designed to provide an interpretation how young Ukrainians perceive particular ele- ments of the “Eurospeak” nowadays. For this purpose, amongst the students of philology, a Free Associative Experiment was conducted, during which respondents were asked to bring associations on selected “Eurowords”. The results of the survey have confirmed the “European choice” oﬃcially declared by Ukraine. There is reason to believe that modern Ukrainians definitely see their future in Europe, but in Europe, which begins in renewed, up-to-date, European capital of Ukraine – in “Eu- roKyiv”.

Perspectives for further research we see in two aspects. Firstly, in the investigation of upcoming neologisms with the component “euro” which will demonstrate common tendencies in the perception of Europe from the Ukrainian side. Secondly, in the diachronic research of the history of Europe con- ceptualization in Ukraine.
PHONETIC INFORMATION IN MATERIALS FOR LEARNING UKRAINIAN BY FOREIGNERS
Authors: Haidysh N. O.
Published: March 2020

In the article, phonetic material is analyzed in terms of its interpretation in textbooks and in- teractive means for learning Ukrainian as a foreign language. Language learning begins with the acquaintance with its phonetic system. So properly presented phonetics makes the process of language understanding not only possible but more available during studies. While considered from this point, phonetics is described a constituent part of a language system. For this system to take in use easier, language materials aimed at foreigners have to describe phonetics with the help of audio records and visual schemes. Visualization of a language apparatus work along with voice records helps to de- velop typical Ukrainian pronunciation. The point is that quite a few of sources give the opportunity to

understand the phonetics through these methods. The language learning sources mostly do not provide a foreigner with audio-visual explanations. If the materials contain physiological pictures of language organs’ positions and voice records, a learner becomes able to understand the diﬀerence between their native phonetic system and the foreign (Ukrainian) one. The author of the article proves that for completing representative schemes, findings from the experimental phonetics have to be included. So using audio-visual additions is made possible due to researches in this branch. Moreover, it is proven that incompletely presented sound system causes accent development. Argumentatively the necessity of forming new materials is described as well as a renovation of those that already exist. Conclusions are made on the basis of comparative analysis of available sources for language learning.
INSTITUTE OF PRE-EMPTION AND MEDIATION IN ENSURING THE RIGHTS OF INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUBJECTS: PRACTICE AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Rozhkova Anna
Published: March 2020

This paper is devoted to the issues of using prevention institutes and the mediation in rights ensuring institute of individual enterprise in the sphere of the control by public authorities. The aim of the research is to analyze the peculiarities of practice to use the methods of inspection by the state supervision agency in order to ensure the rights of    individual enterprise’s subject. The aim of the research is linked to the contradictory problems during the implementation of inspection’s legal nihilism of government officials’ right treatment during of inspections and possible essential risks for IE and effect lowering of rights securing. The novelty of the work is expressed in topicality and justification of the prevention institute in order to minimize the risks to ensure the legal consciousness and the rights of individual enterprise. According to this aim several tasks have been solved and as result some basic principles have been formulated and the conclusions were drawn. More precise definitions were provided to the understanding of distinction “government control” and “checking” via the assistance of intercommunication establishment through the general and special principles of material and procedural mutual concern, which are topical for an individual enterprise owing to minimization of administrative risks. Having been based the efficacy of Institute of prevention as the method of preventive measure and influence on the behavior of the characters of individual enterprise. So in sphere of rights ensuring of characters of Individual enterprise the principles of conclusive reasons for conducting preliminary verifications was suggested. The efficiency of the mediation institute in the sphere of public rights was justified.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADMINISTRATIVE OFFENCES IN THE FIELD OF DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES’ TRAFFICKING
Authors: Zykin Boris
Published: March 2020

Drug addiction is an extremely acute social problem and it attracts the attention of both legal scholars and practitioners. This is due to the fact that the improvement of the measures’ system aimed at preventing and stopping the spread of the drugs and psychotropic substances requires the joint efforts of specialists in various fields.Despite a slight decrease in crime rates, a study of the current state of the administrative and legal measures’ application aimed at preventing and stopping the unauthorized distribution of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances shows that these measures do not yet sufficiently provide solutions for increasing the activity and effectiveness of the struggle against drug addiction, prevention and elimination of this phenomenon’s socially dangerous consequences.The struggle against drug abuse by administrative and legal measures needs to be improved and must correspond to the prevailing socio-economic conditions. In this regard, the application of administrative and legal measures aimed at preventing and stopping the spread of drugs and psychotropic substances in our country requires further theoretical study of issues related to their concept, purpose and implementation.
Proceedings of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2018
Authors: Dederichs Anne , Köster Gerta , Schadschneider Andreas
Published: March 2020

The International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics is carried out biennially by scientists interested in pedestrian and evacuation movement.The field of pedestrian movement and evacuation dynamics is an interdisciplinary discipline. The modelling of evacuation and pedestrian dynamics has evolved from calculations based entirely on physical processes e.g. granular flow, to simulation that now begins to include psycho-social processes accouting for limited decision-making and group behaviour. Given projected demographic changes, the diversity of the evacuees and pedestrians populations and their capacity to achieve objectives has become increasingly important. Accessibility and egressibility, and the relationship between them, has therefore moved to the fore. This is further complicated as a building is used according to a number of management concerns as safety, security and operations, that are employed under different scenarios -emergency and non-emergency. The need for analysis to assess the effectiveness of management procedures is therefore significant and expanding. Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics welcomes contributions of physicists, mathematicians, engineers as well as psychologists and sociologists with an interest in the description of small and large groups as well as individual pedestrians and evacuees.   The PED conference focuses on the modelling of people movement during emergency and non-emergency scenarios. This modelling may range from enhancing our understanding such movement, the development of conceptual models, to the quantitative assessment of such movement, the development of engineering or computational tools. The applications of interest range from small domestic settings to the movement of thousands of people. The research objectives and applications may vary; however, the common intention is to aid in our understanding and/or assessment of pedestrian movement under emergency or non-emergency scenarios.PED is a therefore a conference, with a focus on the development of models that describe pedestrian and evacuee dynamics and the various  activities that support this development: data collection, model development, model application in novel areas, using new techniques and the employment of the results gained in innovative ways.Citation:Please cite the full conference proceedings as follows:Dederichs, A., Köster, G., Schadschneider, A.; Proceedings of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2018, Collective Dynamics, A26, 1-442 (2020). DOI 10.17815/CD.2020.26Single articles inside the proceedings should be cited as:Authors; Title.In: Proceedings of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2018, Collective Dynamics, pages (2020)
Efficacy and safety of low-dose valganciclovir prophylaxis among renal transplant recipients
Authors: ISİKTAS SAYİLAR Emel , ERGUN İhsan
Published: March 2020

Purpose: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most common infections observed following kidney transplantations. Transplantations between cytomegalovirus (Immunoglobulin G)-seropositive donor and CMV-seropositive recipient (D+/R+) are considered to be of moderate risk. In our study, we investigated the efficacy of low-dose (450 mg/g) valganciclovir in CMV chemoprophylaxis in renal transplant patients over their first post-transplant year.Materials and Methods: A total of 68 consecutive patients aged over 18 years who underwent renal transplantation between January 2016 and June 2019 were included in this retrospective study. All patients were administered valganciclovir 450 mg/g, for 100 days. The efficacy of low-dose valganciclovir was determined by whether the patients developed a CMV disease during their first post-transplant year.Results: Only one patient (n=1/68) (1.5%) developed CMV disease. CMV DNA titer was positive on post-transplant day 134 of the patient who had unexplained loss of GFR. CMV disease-related acute rejection, graft loss, leukopenia, post-transplant diabetes mellitus, opportunistic infection, or patient loss was not observed.Conclusion: There are many studies comparing CMV prophylaxis with low and standard dose (450 vs. 900 mg/g) valganciclovir treatment in transplant patients. The results of this study show that low-dose valganciclovir is sufficient for the prophylaxis of CMV disease in D+/R+ medium-risk patients without leading to any side effects. Further clinical studies with larger patient participation are needed.
The relationship between the older adults’ adaptation to old age and perceived social support level
Authors: KÜTMEÇ YILMAZ Cemile , KIL Arife
Published: March 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the older people’ adaptation to old age and perceived social support level. Materials and Methods: We conducted this descriptive study with 530 older people aged 65 and above in a training and research hospital. For data analysis, we used Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis-H test, Spearman's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model. Results: We found that the total mean score for Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly was 1.07±0.73 and the total score for Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support was 37.30±13.36. There was a statistically significant relationship between the older people’ total mean Assessment Scale of Adaptation Difficulty for the Elderly scores and total Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support scores. In addition, age, gender, marital status, education and income level, chronic disease presence variables were found to affect adaptation to old age.Conclusion: The level of social support for the older people can be important in ensuring the adaptation to old age. We recommend that the health personnel regularly assess the older people’ adaptation to old age and social support sources.
Arterial occlusion after cessation of warfarin treatment
Authors: AKÇA Hatice Şeyma , Algın Abdullah , Yönak Hayrullah , Eroğlu Serkan Emre
Published: March 2020

-
Resveratrolün streptozotosin ile diyabet oluşturulan sıçanlarda vas deferens kontraktilitesi üzerindeki antioksidan etkileri
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ ŞAHİN Tuğçe
Published: March 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, streptozotosin (STZ) ile diyabet oluşturulmuş sıçanlarda vas deferens kontraktilitesi üzerinde resveratrolün antioksidan etkilerini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Erişkin erkek Wistar Albino sıçanlar kontrol, diyabetik ve resveratrol tedavisi uygulanan diyabetik olarak üç gruba ayrılmıştır. Diyabet, tek doz i.p. STZ enjeksiyonuyla (50mg/kg) oluşturulmuş ve STZ enjeksiyonundan 2 gün sonra hiperglisemi (>300 mg/dl) olan hayvanlar diyabetik olarak kabul edilmiştir. Tedavi grubundaki sıçanlara 4 hafta boyunca (20 mg/kg/gün, i.p.) resveratrol uygulanmıştır. 4 hafta sonunda sıçanların vas deferens dokuları izole edilmiş ve bu dokularda noradrenalin, ATP, elektriksel alan uyarısı (EAU) aracılı yanıtlar elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Diyabetik sıçanlarda kontrol grubuna göre noradrenalin ve ATP aracılı yanıtlar anlamlı olarak artarken, EAU aracılı yanıtlar azalmıştır. EAU aracılı yanıtlar pirogallol varlığında diyabetik sıçanlarda kontrol sıçanlarına göre daha fazla inhibe olmuştur. Tempol varlığında ise EAU aracılı yanıtlardaki artış, diyabetik grupta kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak fazla bulunmuştur. Resveratrol tedavisi, diyabetik sıçanlarda artan noradrenalin ve ATP aracılı yanıtları anlamlı olarak azaltmış, azalan EAU aracılı yanıtları ise artırmıştır. Sonuç: Bu çalışma resveratrol tedavisinin diyabetik sıçanlarda vas deferens kontraktilitesindeki bozukluğu antioksidan etkileri aracılığıyla düzelttiğini ortaya koymuştur. Sonuçlar, diyabet ile ilişkili ejakülasyon bozukluklarında oksidatif stresin rol oynayabileceğini ve antioksidan tedavinin bu bozukluklarda etkili olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Seismic Hazard Assessment of the Mid-Northern Segment of Xiaojiang Fault Zone in Southwestern China Using Scenario Earthquakes
Authors: Liu Jingwei , Zhang Lifang , Du Yi
Published: March 2020

Seismic hazards in the vicinity of the mid-northern segment of the Xiaojiang fault zone were estimated from scenario earthquakes. Based on its history of earthquakes and activity data, the whole segment is considered capable of generating large earthquakes. The characteristics of previous ruptures and the geometric structures of the fault were used to establish seven scenario earthquakes with various strike and length properties. On the basis of focal mechanism parameters and the distribution of previous earthquakes, we determined the values of the source parameters for each scenario using empirical equations. We then used a stochastic finite-fault model to generate the ground motion from the targeted fault. The results show that the vicinity of the mid-northern segment of the Xiaojiang fault zone faces significant seismic hazards. The peak ground acceleration (PGA) values along the fault line are obviously larger than in other areas. Based on the recurrence interval theory, the Qiaojia–Menggu and Xiaoxinjie–Xujiadu areas have a high probability of being struck by large earthquakes in the near future. The results also show that the current design PGA for the near-fault area of the mid-northern segment of Xiaojiang fault zone might not be adequate.
People in E-Cigarette Ads Attract More Attention: An Eye-tracking Study
Authors: Stevens Elise M. , Johnson Amanda L. , Leshner Glenn , Sun Fuwei , Kim Seunghyun , Leavens Eleanor L.S. , Tackett Alayna P. , Hébert Emily T. , Wagener Theodore L.
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Minimally regulated electronic cigarettes (e-cigarette) advertising may be one potential factor driving the increasing prevalence of young adult e-cigarette use. Using eye-tracking, the current study examined which e-cigarette advertising features were the most appealing
to young adults as a first step in examining how to regulate e-cigarette advertising. Methods: Using a within-subjects design, 30 young adults (Mage = 20.0 years) viewed e-cigarette ads in a laboratory. Ad features or areas of interest (AOIs) included: (1) brand logo, (2)
product descriptor, and (3) people. During ad viewing, eye-tracking measured participants' dwell time and time to first fixation for each AOI as well as each ad brand. Harm perceptions pre- and post-viewing were measured. Results: Participants spent the longest dwell time on people
(M = 2701 ms), then product descriptors (M = 924 ms), then brand logos (M = 672 ms; ps < .001). They also fixated fastest on AOIs in that order. Participant sex significantly impacted dwell time of ad brand, and harm perceptions decreased after viewing the ads (ps < .05). Conclusions:
This study provides initial evidence about which e-cigarette ad features may appeal most to young adults and may be useful when designing evidence-based policy.
Age Verification and Online Sales of Little Cigars and Cigarillos to Minors
Authors: Williams Rebecca S. , Phillips-Weiner K. Jean , Vincus Amy A.
Published: March 2020

Objectives: In our cross-sectional study, we aimed to determine age verification and sales of little cigars and cigarillos (LCCs) online to underage teens. Methods: We selected 100 popular Internet Little Cigar and Cigarillo Vendors (ILVs) for order attempts. From August
to December 2015, we supervised 14 teens 14-17 years old making order attempts for LCCs. Results: Of the 91 valid orders attempted, we received 89. For the valid orders attempted, 9.9% of ILVs used no age verification strategies at all, 84.6% used less effective forms of age verification,
and 50.5% used more effective ones. Only one order was blocked during the order attempt and only one attempt was made to verify age at delivery. Most (79.8%) deliveries were left at the door and only 2 order attempts were rejected because of age verification strategies, resulting in a successful
or valid buy rate of 97.8%. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that ILVs selling LCCs were not making adequate efforts to verify the age of their customers, at the point-of-sale or point-of-delivery, facilitating easy access by minors. Few ILVs utilized age verification strategies
that prevented online sales of LCCs to underage teens.
The Effects on the Growth Performance, Some Serum Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Parameters of the Stocking Density in the Sprague-Dawley Rats
Authors: GENÇ Murat
Published: March 2020

Objective of his studywas to compare the growth performances of Sprague-Dawley female rats fed at normal and narrowed stocking density with certain stress parameters. 72 Sprague-Dawley female rats aged 4 weeks were used in the experiment. The average live weight per trial for normal and narrow stock density groups was calculated as 54.22 ± 2.65 and 55.53 ± 2.66 g. Animals’ weekly weighs during a month indicated that as their weight increased, the floor area per animal gradually expanded. Female rats reach sexual maturity at 8-9 weeks. For this reason, the experiment was continued until the animals were 2 months old. Based on the weekly weighing results of the rats, it was found that live weights increased regularly for both groups and growth performances did not change according to stocking density (P>0.05). It was concluded that serum Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and Glutathione (GSH) values were affected by the stocking density and that significantly reduced in the rats fed at narrowed stocking density. On the other hand, Total Oxidant Capacity (TOC), Nitric Oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) values increased approximately 1.5 times in the rats at the group of narrowed stocking density. As a result, it was found that even if the increasing stocking density has no negative effect on the growth performance of the animals, it causes some physiological changes in blood values by stressing the animals. Therefore, in order to get the most accurate results in scientific studies, it must be paid attention to breed the animals at the ideal housing conditions.
A bricolage-style exploratory scenario analysis to manage uncertainty in socio-environmental systems modeling: investigating integrated water management options
Authors: Fu Baihua , Guillaume Joseph H.A. , Jakeman Anthony J. , Asher Michael J.
Published: March 2020

Exploratory analysis, while useful in assessing the implications of model assumptions under large uncertainty, is considered at best a semi-structured activity. There is no algorithmic way for performing exploratory analysis and the existing canonical techniques have their own limitations. To overcome this, we advocate a bricolage-style exploratory scenario analysis, which can be crafted by pragmatically and strategically combining different methods and practices. Our argument is illustrated using a case study in integrated water management in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia. Scenario ensembles are generated to investigate potential policy innovations, climate and crop market conditions, as well as the effects of uncertainties in model components and parameters. Visualizations, regression trees and marginal effect analyses are exploited to make sense of the ensemble of scenarios. The analysis includes identifying patterns within a scenario ensemble, by visualizing initial hypotheses that are informed by prior knowledge, as well as by visualizing new hypotheses based on identified influential variables. Context-specific relationships are explored by analyzing which values of drivers and management options influence outcomes. Synthesis is achieved by identifying context-specific solutions to consider as part of policy design. The process of analysis is cast as a process of finding patterns and formulating questions within the ensemble of scenarios that merit further examination, allowing end-users to make the decision as to what underlying assumptions should be accepted, and whether uncertainties have been sufficiently explored. This approach is especially advantageous when the precise intentions of management are still subject to deliberations. By describing the reasoning and steps behind a bricolage-style exploratory analysis, we hope to raise awareness of the value of sharing this kind of (common but not often documented) analysis process, and motivate further work to improve sharing of know-how about bricolage in practice.
Study of drug sensitivity profile of patients with throat infections in lower Himalayan region
Authors: Singh Manjeet
Published: March 2020

Background: Infections of throat is a major health problem in developing countries. It can cause significant complications and morbidity if not addressed on time. The aim of the study was to study the drug sensitivity profile of patients with throat infections in lower Himalayan region.

Methods: 100 patients with throat infections or sore throat were included in the study. Throat samples collected through a sterile culture sensitivity tube and sent to microbiological lab in the Regional Hospital Bilaspur (SRL diagnostics).  

Results: Gram positive organisms were resistant to benzyl penicillin or ampicillin, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin, trimethoprim or sulphamethoxazole and sensitive to tetracycline, gentamicin and linezolid. Gram negative organisms were resistant to ampicillin, amoxyclav and sensitive to pipracillin or tazobactum, cefoperazone, amikacin, gentamicin, imipenem, cefepime, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim or sulphamethoxazole.

Conclusions: Throat infections along with emerging drug resistance are still a major health in developing countries.
Incidence and outcome of thyroglossal duct cyst
Authors: Delwar A. H. M. , Mazumder Jahangir A. , Rashid M. S. , Mustafa M. G. , Hossain A. B. M. T.
Published: March 2020

Background: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the cyst in the cervical midline that arises from the embryonic remnant of the thryroglossal duct. It is most common congenital abnormality in the head and neck region which may present at any age particularly occur in children. The definitive treatment is surgical excision of the cyst and tract.

Methods: It is a cohort retrospective study of 26 cases in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck surgery, Comilla Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh from 01 July 2016 to 31 June 2019.  

Results: Incidence of TGDC was 0.02% out of total outdoor patient and 0.94% in total indoor routine operation. All patient was operated by Sistrunk’s procedure and recurrent 2 (7.69%) cases were operated by modified or extended Sistrunk’s procedure without complications afterwards. Of them female was 14 (53.85%), male was 12 (46.15%), children were 22 (84.61%), adult were 4 (15.35%). Infrahyoid was 21 (80.76%), surahyoid was 5 (19.24%). The patient presented as painful abscess were 10 (38.46%) and fistula were 3(11.51%), painless cyst was 8 (30.77%) and fistula were 5 (19.24%).

Conclusions: TGDC is common congenital anomaly. It has a various type of presenting feature. Sistrunk’s procedure is gold standard surgical treatment procedure. But recurrence cases need modified or extended Sistrunk’s procedure to minimize the postoperative complication and manage the patient’s hope and requirements.
Clinical treatment of femoral head using Thompson hip prosthesis
Authors: Rawat Pooja , Kumar Mohit , Luthra Gaurav , Katiyar Ankit
Published: March 2020

Background: Hip prosthesis is a successful surgical technique the treatment of hip joint fracture. Thompson hip prosthesis is commonly used treatment of femoral head fracture. It is designed for non-union of fracture neck of femur when there is no neck available.

Methods: In this retrospective study, examined the results of patients with Thompson hip prosthesis (cemented and uncemented). This examination has been done from August 2014 to February 2016. 50 Patients were enrolled in this study with mean age of 70 years in which the ratio of number of females more than the number of males. AO classification was used to categorize the hip fracture type. Patient physical fitness was obtained through visual analog scale. Thompson hip prosthesis has been used to treatment of femoral head fracture, manufactured at Auxein Medical Pvt. Ltd., Sonipat, Haryana, India.

Results: Patients were follow-up on six week and three-month after discharge from hospital. 90% patients have excellent or pain-free results. There is no implant related complication has been found such as Loosening, prosthesis related size. The overall performance of hip prosthesis was very good.

Conclusions: Present guideline strongly favor of hip prosthesis. After clinical study, we can conclude that the Thompson hip prosthesis is the best technique to treatment of femoral head fracture. Thompson is also a quick, simple, palliative solution to early mobility.
Evaluation of glaucoma cases with gonioscopy and optical coherence tomography
Authors: Gandhi Yash , M Solu Trupti
Published: March 2020

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness in the adult population of India. Diagnosis and management depends on categorization of Glaucoma into open or closed angle.

: To compare the accuracy of Gonioscopy and Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (ASOCT) in studying the structures of anterior chamber angle of the eye and find out the agreement between them in detecting angle closure.

Cross -sectional observational study.

The present study is a hospital based cross-sectional study of patients between 20 to 80 years of age with Glaucoma attending the outdoor patient department in a tertiary care government hospital (New civil hospital), Surat. Patients having Corneal Opacity, and anti-Glaucoma surgeries done were excluded. All diagnosed cases of Glaucoma were evaluated by Gonioscopy in the dark with a Goldman 3 mirror lens Gonioscope at high (16x) magnification for static assessment (without indentation). A narrow slit beam, 2mm* 1mm, was cast during Gonioscopy, avoiding direct illumination over the pupil. The angle in each quadrant was graded with the Shaffer grading system. Anterior Segment OCT was done by TOPCON 3D OCT-1 MAESTRO machine. Imaging was performed in dark room conditions. Patients were imaged gazing straight ahead. Imaging of a single meridional section of the Anterior Chamber Angle at superior, inferior, temporal and nasal quadrants were performed. Grading of Anterior Chamber Angles on AS-OCT is termed as Closed if there is no visualization of Scleral Spur and/or any degree of irido-trabecular contact.

kappa value, sensitivity & specificity, positive & negative likelihood ratio.

Total 50 Glaucoma patients were examined by Gonioscopy and AS OCT. Total number of Angles examined were 400. Total number of Angles closed on Gonioscopy were 136 (34%). Total number of Angles closed on AS OCT were 190 (47.5%).

Agreement between Gonioscopy and AS OCT in detecting angle closure in all 4 quadrants was ‘Moderate to Good’ by Kappa Value.
Comparasion of intraoperative triamcinolone and Bevacizumab with conjuctival autograft alone in pterygium surgery
Authors: Kumar Sunil
Published: March 2020

Pterygium is a degenerative condition of subconjuctival tissue that undergoes elstotic degeneration and proliferates as vascular granulation tissue under the epithelium. This ultimately encroaches the cornea destroying its epithelium, superficial stroma and the Bowman’s membrane. It is occurs more commonly on the nasal side than the temporal side, but it can occur on both sides (double pterigium). Pathogenesis is mainly implicated to ultraviolet radiation exposure. It has highest prevalence and in the tropical areas near the equatorand to lesser abd milder degree in cooler climates. The increased levels of proangiogenic factors like basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF), transforming growth factor Beta (TGF-b), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and platelet derived growth factor(PDGF) are responsible for formation and recurrence of Pterygium; however the most important of this growth factor is VEGF.

To compare the efficacy of intraoperative subconjuctival injection of Triamcinolone and Bevacizumab with conjunctiva autograft alone in primary Pterygium surgery.

Total 150 patients divided in three groups (50 patients of each group), underwent primary Pterygium surgery between MAY 2016 to APRIL 2017. In group A, Conjuctivialauto graft alone was done while in groups B & C, it was combined with Intraoperative Subconjuctival Injection of Triamcinolone (0.2mg/ml) and Bevacizumab, (2.5mg/0.1ml).

Recurrence rate at 12 month was more in auto graft alone (group A) than in the auto graft in combination with Triamcinolone (group B) and Bevacizumab (group C) respectively.

: Subconjuctival injection of Triamcinolone & Bevacizumab can be combined with Conjuctivialauto graft intraoperatively to prevent but Triamcinolone may prefer due to more cost effectiveness.
Post traumatic amnesia as a predictor for development and recovery of visual field defects following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)
Authors: Das Matuli , Kumar Das Narendra
Published: March 2020

Mild traumatic brain injury can trigger long term visual dysfunction in the form of visual field defects which can disrupt the normal lifestyle of any individual and other rehabilitation efforts resulting in social and professional distress. Post traumatic amnesia is one of the predictors of severity in mTBI.

The purpose of this study was two fold (i)To find out the association between post traumatic amnesia and visual field defects following mild traumatic brain injury. (ii) The implication of post traumatic amnesia on the development and recovery of visual field defects post mTBI.

Hospital based prospective, analytical, observational study. A total of 260 patients with the diagnosis of mTBI were studied. Diagnosis of mTBI was based on the WHO Operational criteria for clinical identification of mTBI.

Visual field index (VFI) was taken to estimate the extent of visual field damage because it is a global index which expresses the amount of visual field loss as a percentage relative to the sensitivity of a reference group of healthy observers.

The Galveston orientation and amnesia test (GOAT) was applied to assess post traumatic amnesia. The study period was from July 2017 to March 2019. Each patient with mTBI was examined for Visual field defects at 1 month, 6 months and 1 year post injury.

The main observation of this study were (i) It is important to look for visual field defects even in mild traumatic brain injury for atleast 6 months post injury because during this period the appearance of visual field defect peaked. (ii) There is a strong possibility of developing visual field defects among the group of patients who presented with the history of post traumatic amnesia following mild traumatic brain injury (P=0.0001) (iii) If a patient with mild traumatic brain injury suffers from visual field defects, possibility of his/her symptoms persisting beyond 12 months increases significantly if there is history of post traumatic amnesia (P=0.0001).

Mild traumatic brain injury can trigger long term visual dysfunction in the form of Visual field defects. Our results will help in providing information regarding development, progress and outcome of visual field defects following mild traumatic brain injury.
Analysis of conjunctival flora in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern
Authors: Vadodaria Bansari , Ashtamkar Saurabh , Maheshgauri Rupali , Motwani Divya , Sharma Aakriti
Published: March 2020

To compare the conjunctival flora of diabetic individuals and non-diabetic individuals and assess their antibiotic sensitivity pattern.

A hospital based cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out from September 2016 to August 2018 with 92 patients of age group from 40-70 years, to assess the conjunctival flora and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals without any pre-existing ocular diseases and adnexal disease.

The rate of positive culture in Group A (Diabetics) was significantly higher as compared to Group B (Non-Diabetics) (21.7% vs. 4.3% respectively) (p<0.05). It was noted that there was a significantly higher incidence of the bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis in Group A (Diabetics) as compared to Group B (Non-Diabetics) (p<0.05). The antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated in patients in Group A (Diabetics) showed the following observations - in Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphlococcusaureus maximum sensitivity was seen with Gentamicin.

A higher positive culture rate was seen in diabetic individuals as compared to non-diabetic individuals. It was then concluded that, as gentamicin shows maximum sensitivity to gram-posit ive and gram-negative organisms, Gentamicin is the drug of choice which takes cares of gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria and can be considered as routine pre-operative topical medication.

Pre-operative cataract work up.
Perilaku Agresif Remaja dalam Tinjauan Pola Asuh Keagamaan Orang Tua di Desa Baleadi Pati
Authors: Subqi Imam
Published: March 2020

Abstract The purpose of this study is to reveal two things, (1). Want to know how theaggressive behavior of adolescents in the Baleadi Village, Pati. (2). What is thereligious parenting of parents towards adolescents in Baleadi Pati Village. Thisstudy used a qualitative approach with parents and adolescents in Baleadi PatiVillage as the object of research. the results of the study showed that theaggressive behavior carried out by Baleadi Village adolescents most often carriedout was fighting as a fight on the momentum of adolescent or village activitiessuch as the takbir around, a celebration of seventeen. There were four forms ofaggression, namely physical aggression, verbal, anger and hostility influenced byteenagers and the environment, each of which is highly curious to take part in afight. There were three types of parenting, authoritarian, democratic andpermissive.AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini ingin mengungkapkan dua hal, (1). Ingin mengetahuibagaimana perilaku agresif remaja di Desa Baleadi Pati. (2). Bagaimana polaasuh keagamaan orang tua terhadap remaja di Desa Baleadi Pati. Penelitian inimenggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan orang tua dan remaja di DesaBaleadi Pati sebagai obyek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwaperilaku agresif yang dilakukan oleh remaja Desa Baleadi yang paling seringdilakukan adalah berkelahi sebagaimana perkelahian pada momentumkegiatan remaja atau desa seperti takbir keliling, perayaan tujuh belasan.Bentuk agresif yang dilakukan ada empat yaitu agesi fisik, verbal, rasa marahserta sikap permusuhan yang dipengaruhi dari dalam diri remaja danlingkungan yang masing-masing rasa ingin tahu yang tinggi untuk ikutmelakukan perkelahian. Ada tiga tipe pola asuh orangtua yaitu otoriter,demokratis dan permisif.
Licenciamento ambiental para o desenvolvimento rural sustentável
Authors: Grisa Jaqueline Gomes Demarchi , Grisa Kleitson Telmo , Borstel Roesler Marli Renate von , Feiden Armin , Hahn Keitilanger Grisa , Grandi Adriana Maria de
Published: March 2020

Estudos evidenciam que o licenciamento ambiental pode ser considerado um instrumento de gestão para as organizações, o qual deve ser realizado segundo normas e princípios para torná-lo uma ferramenta capaz de fiscalizar se a propriedade está em conformidade com a legislação ambiental vigente. Ele deve ser realizado com intervalos de tempo adequados e analisados cuidadosamente para intensificar os objetivos, buscando sempre melhorias dos processos produtivos para minimizar os danos ambientais. Sendo assim, o objetivo com esse artigo foi analisar qual a importância do licenciamento ambiental para o desenvolvimento rural sustentável. A metodologia utilizada foi bibliográfica, livros, artigos e revistas da área do estudo. Com isso, demonstra-se que às fases do licenciamento ambiental bem como os temas relacionados ao desenvolvimento rural sustentável, para identificar como o licenciamento ambiental tem grande relação com a sustentabilidade, uma vez que o mesmo condiciona limites e restrições para o desenvolvimento de atividades potencialmente poluidoras que, na prática, levam em consideração e tem como base principal, a importância de não agredir o ambiente.