bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implicaciones valorativas sobre el rol de la investigación científica en el redimensionamiento de la Educación Superior.
Authors: Muela Proaño Sandro Oscar , Villacis Monar Luis Ricardo , Duran Veloz María Fernanda , Tanqueño Colcha Oscar Paúl
Published: September 2021

Introducción: la sociedad del conocimiento impone a las universidades la necesidad de un cambio de paradigmas en la formación de los profesionales, en función de acercar los perfiles de las carreras, a las necesidades ocupacionales en los diferentes sectores de la administración de operaciones productivas y de servicios, donde el empleo de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones, transforman la dinámica de las leyes y relaciones esenciales entre los objetos y fenómenos de la realidad. Objetivo: ofrecer reflexiones oportunas que permitan revalorizar el papel de la investigación científica en el contexto de la educación superior, así como el abordaje de un conjunto de pautas valorativas y cualidades intrínsecas, que le permitan al lector desde su área de desempeño redefinir el rol de la investigación que realiza en su universidad. Metodología: se fundamenta, en métodos de nivel teórico, empírico. Resultados: la Investigación Científica es un proceso consciente, determinándose leyes y relaciones esenciales del objeto de investigación que son independiente de la conciencia del hombre (aunque se concretan a través del mismo), en aras de resolver un problema científico. Conclusión la noción tradicional de investigación científica y su proceder en la universidad contemporánea entendiéndose evoluciona en función de la necesidad el ser humano de nuevo conocimiento.
Physiological and Yield Responses of Some Selected Rapeseed/Mustard Genotypes to Salinity Stress
Authors: Ahamed F , Ahamed IM , Shamim Ahsan AFM , Ahmed B , Begum F
Published: September 2021

An experiment on rapeseed/mustard genotypes was conducted during 2019-2020 rabi season in vinyl house of Plant Physiology Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur to find out the salt-tolerant genotypes based on the responses of their physiological parameters and yield. Five selected rapeseed/ mustard genotypes (V1= Jun-536, V2 = BJDH-12, V3 = BD-10115, V4 = BARI Sarisha-14, V5 = BD-6950) were tested at three salinity levels (S0= 0, S1= 5 and S2=10 dS m-1). Irrespective of the genotypes, salinity stress showed a negative effect on the measured physiological parameters as well as seed yield. Leaf chlorophyll contents, leaf area, leaf photosynthetic rate and total dry matter (TDM) were reduced due to salinity stress which ultimately affected seed yield irrespective of the genotypes. However, these parameters were less affected by the salinity in V1 and V2 genotypes compared to others. Sodium and potassium ion contents and their ratios (K+/Na+) in leaf tissues were significantly affected by salinity stress. Among the genotypes, V1 and V2 showed higher K+/Na+ ratios in leaf under both the salinity treatments, and that phenomenon indicated their higher tolerance to salinity than the other genotypes. Catalase (CAT), Peroxidase (POD) activity and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the genotypes increased due to salinity stress with variability among the genotypes. The higher CAT and POD activity with lower MDA content was found in V1 and V2 genotypes which indicated their better salt tolerance ability compared to others. These genotypes also showed higher seed yield under both the salinity levels (5 and 10 dS m-1) compared to other genotypes. Based on the responses of physiological parameters and seed yield to salinity, the genotypes Jun-536(V1) and BJDH-12(V2) could be considered relatively tolerant to salinity stress.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 43-55
COVID-19 Forecasting: A Statistical Approach
Authors: Saxena Arti , Bhardwaj Falak , Kumar Vijay
Published: September 2021

Background: SARS-coronavirus-2 is a new virus infecting people and causing COVID-19 disease. The disease is causing a worldwide pandemic. Although some people never develop any signs or symptoms of disease when they are infected, other people are at very high risk for severe disease and death.
Objective: If we’re able to intervene to prevent even some transmission, we can dramatically reduce the number of cases. And this is the public health goal for controlling COVID-19.
Methods: This article initializes an approach for comparatively accurate values prediction of new cases and deaths for a particular day in order to be considered for preventive measures. The three statistical analysis methods considered for forecasting are Fbprophet, Moving average and the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average algorithm.
Results: The results obtained are in-line with the past and present trend of COVID-19 data collected from WHO website.
Conclusion: The output is satisfactory for further consideration.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.85-96
Assessment of COVID severity by measuring D-dimer and Serum Ferritin level in selected Tertiary Care Hospitals of Dhaka city
Authors: Afrin Syeda Fahmida , Rahman Md Hasanur , Al Mahmood Abu Kholdun , Nasir Salma , Khatun SiddiKa
Published: September 2021

Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate the association between serumD-dimer, serum Ferritin with disease severity in patents havingCOVID-19.
Methods:Total 80 confirmed COVID-19 patients were enrolled in this cross sectional study. Samples were assessed by positive SARSCoV- 2 by RT-PCR testing and were collected from two tertiary Hospitals(IbnSina Medical College Hospital and Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute).We also performed CT findings of COVID patients with or without pulmonary involvement. COVIDpositive patients were divided into two groups (Group 1 and Group2) according to lungs involvement confirmed by CT-scan. In this analysis, several variables such as gender, age, D-dimer and serum ferritin were taken.
Results: The Mean of D-dimer in Group-1 subjects was 4.26±3.60mg/L and in Group-2, this was 0.59±1.08mg/L. So D-dimer level was significantly raised in COVIDpneumonic patient (P value = <0.001). The mean of ferritin(554.65±515.841)ng/ml for pneumonic patient was also highly significant than the mean(133.70±109.22)ng/ml of COVID without pneumonia.
Conclusion:D-dimer and S. ferritin were elevated in patients with COVID-19. These two reliable biomarkers are correlate with the disease severity and useful for better management of COVIDpositive patients.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.166-170
Neurological Manifestations of Covid-19 Hospitalized Patients In the state of Punjab, India
Authors: Parry Zahoor Ahmad , Bumb Swapnil Sunil , Kumar Santosh , Bhatt Rohan , Irfan Mohammed , Bhatt Pragya
Published: September 2021

Introduction: COVID 19 often presents with flu-like symptoms. Elderly patients with systemic comorbidities are more likely to have severe COVID 19 infections and deaths. Severe neurological complications are frequently reported in severely and critically ill patients. In COVID-19, both central and peripheral nervous systems can be affected. The study aims to overview the spectrum, characteristics, and outcomes of neurologic manifestations associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Methods: A total of 1000 confirmed CoVID-19 patients were enrolled for the study. Demographic features and initial clinical manifestations were noted, and patients were followed during the hospital stay to develop any new neurological signs and symptoms. For analytical purposes, neurological presentations were grouped into the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and musculoskeletal system manifestations. Appropriate laboratory testing was employed as required on a case-to-case basis.
Results: The mean age was 44.6 ± 14.3 years. 625 (62.5%) patients were male, while 375 (37.5%) were female. The neurological illness was a primary manifestation in 119 (11.9%) cases. These included encephalopathy (n=78), ischemic stroke (n=28), Guillain- Barre syndrome, (n=3), facial nerve palsy (n=4), and encephalitis (n=6). The most common neurological symptoms were headache 313 (31.3%) and hyposmia 52 (5.2%), followed by encephalopathy 78 (7.8%). More serious complications like seizures 18 (1.8%) and stroke 28 (2.8%) were also seen.
Conclusion: CoVID-19 can present with a neurological illness, and we should remain vigilant to the possibility of neurological presentation of COVID-19 that can be thrombo-embolic, inflammatory, or immune-mediated.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.155-161
Development of 1.2 GPa Ferrite-based Lightweight Steels via Low-temperature Tempering
Authors: Bae Hyo Ju , Ko Kwang Kyu , Park Hyoung Seok , Jeong Jae Seok , Kim Jung Gi , Sung Hyokyung , Seol Jae Bok
Published: September 2021

Previously reported low-Mn ferritic-based lightweight steels are potential candidates for industrial applications, however, they typically exhibit lower strength, with < 1 GPa and lower strength-ductility balance, than medium- and high-Mn austenitic lightweight steels. Herein, we introduce a low-temperature tempering-induced partitioning (LTP) treatment that avoids the strength-ductility dilemma of low-Mn ferriticbased steels. When the LTP process was performed at 330 oC for 665 s, the strength of typical ferritic base Fe-2.8Mn5.7Al0.3C (wt%) steel with heterogeneously sized metastable austenite grains embedded in a ferrite matrix, exceeded 1.1 GPa. Notably, the increased strength-ductility balance of the LTP-processed ferritic steel was comparable to that of the high-Mn based austenitic lightweight steel series. Using microscale to nearatomic scale characterization we found that the simultaneous improvement in strength and total elongation could be attributed to size-dependent dislocation movement, and controlled deformation-induced martensitic transformation.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN TATA CARA PEMBUKAAN LAHAN BAGI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENANGANAN KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN (KARHUTLA) DI KABUPATEN SINTANG PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Praja Selvia Junita , Rumbekwan Margaretha , Noperando Rio
Published: September 2021

Forest and Land Fires in Sintang Regency Always occur every year with unstable conditions, where Forestand Land Fires have a very detrimental impact on the Community and the Government of Sintang, so that the Government of Sintang District issued Sintang District Regulations Number 57 of 2018 concerning LandClearing Procedures for the Community. In this regard, researchers are interested in conducting researchunder the title "Implementation of Land-Opening Policy Procedures for Communities in Handling Forest and Land Fires (karhutla) in Sintang District, West Kalimantan Province". This study aims to find out how theimplementation of the policy for Land Clearing Procedures of karhutla in Sintang District. The research usesqualitative method with descriptive approach. Researchers used data collection techniques such asinterviews, observation, and documentation. Based on the results of research conducted using the Van Meter and Van Horn Policy Implementation model, it can be found that the implementation of the policy on land clearing procedures of karhutla in Sintang district is still not optimal. This can be seen from the cases offorest and land fires in Sintang District that continue to occur, even with the same conditions as in previousyears, many people as policy targets do not understand and do not know the policy, and still lack adequateunderstanding of policy implementers of the policies.

Keywords: Implementation of Policies, Forest and Land Fires, Procedures for Land Clearing, Sintang
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU SEMPADAN PANTAI DI KOTA CIREBON PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Syahfitri Cut Novisar
Published: September 2021

This study aims to determine and describing the implementation of the development of Coastal Green Open Space and the factors that cause the ineffective implementation of the policy. This research focused on policy implementation of spatial plans in development of urban areas which based by theory of Charles O. Jones: organizations, interpretation, and application. The author using descriptive qualitative research method with an inductive approach. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. While the data were analyzed with data analysis, data presentation, and conclusion. The research data were analyzed using data analysis techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. The results showed that the implementation process of the regional spatial planning policy in the development of green open space on the coastline of Cirebon City was not implemented properly. The main factor that causes the ineffective implementation of the policy is that the interpretation of the policy it self is vary, so that it affects the implementation of the policy. Suggested to the Cirebon City Government needs to support and be committed to implementing a coastal border green open space development policy and the Cirebon City Government needs to be prepared to face every possibility and challenge of problems that arise and become obstacles in the implementation of the development policy of coastal green open space.Keywords: Implementation, Open Green Space Boundary Beach
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM INVENTARISASI PENGUASAAN PEMILIKAN PENGGUNAAN DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAH (IP4T) PARTISIPATIF DI DESA KEDUNGREJO KECAMATAN PILANGKENCENG KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Putri Lusy Riadina
Published: September 2021

In order to realize the landreform in Indonesia at this time, National Land Agency/BPN Implement the IP4T Program (lnventarity Mastery, ownership, use and utilization land) which was then developed by BPN District Madiun and Regional Leadership Communication Forum/FORKOPIMDA Madiun Regency into a IP4T Participative Program. This activity is intended as a database of land areas and the synchronization of agricultural activities by involving other supporting elements such as Local Government of Madiun Regency, The Army Force, and The Police.The research methods are used through qualitative approaches with descriptive types. Data sources come from documents and informant. Data collection techniques are conducted through observation, interviews and documentation. The Data is analyzed by using SWOT analysis to provide priority implementation of alternative strategies produced.The result of this research are good to implementation of participatory IP4T Program in Kedungrejo village in Pilangkenceng subdistrict Madiun Regency, but there are constraints such as the movement of community participation is less evenly, limitation of technical equipment and operational problems of the absence of village boundary patok with Forest, lack of public knowledge about the regulations of the main procedures and ordinances of land registration.Strategies that can be done to effectively implement IP4T participatory Program with monitoring of the program in each stage process, holding a joint coordination with the Perhutani to determine the boundary between the Village with Forest, persuasive socialization by means of house to house so that the community as a target program can easily understand the purpose and objectives of the participatory IP4T Program.Keywords: Implementation, IP4T Participatory Program, and Land.
PERAN BADAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN BENCANA KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN (KARHUTLA) DI KABUPATEN MUSI BANYUASIN
Authors: Anggraini Tri , Agustian Dimas
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Musi Banyuasin is a district with a high level of vulnerability to forest and land fire disasters. Therefore, prevention efforts are needed to minimize forest fires again. Forest fire prevention efforts are activities that are the responsibility of all relevant stakeholders in Musi Banyuasin, one of which is the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Musi Banyuasin Regency. This research will focus on the role of BPBD in efforts to prevent forest and land fires in Musi Banyuasin Regency. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method of observation and in-depth interviews. The results of the study show that the BPBD of Musi Banyuasin Regency plays a role in accordance with its functions and obligations as a regional BPBD, namely as an organization that conducts risk studies of Kahutlha fire-prone areas in Musi Banyuasin Regency. The area risk assessment is carried out in three main stages, namely determining the condition of the area, determining the condition of the land through the level of vulnerability and hotspots, and finally informing the condition to the local government and the community through outreach activities.

 

Keywords:BPBD, Fire Disaster, Kahutlha,  Prevention

 

Abstrak

Musi Banyuasin merupakan kabupaten dengan tingkat kerawanan level tinggi terhadap bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan, Oleh karenanya, perlu adanya upaya pencegahan untuk meminim lisirter jadi kebarakan hutan kembali. Upaya pencegahan kebakaran hutan merupakan kegiatan yang menjadi tanggung jawab seluruh stakeholder terkait di Musi Banyuasin salah satunya adalah Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada peran BPBD dalam upaya pencegahan kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode observasi dan wawancana mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BPBD Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin berperan sesuai dengan fungsi dan kewajibannya sebagai BPBD daerah yaitu sebagai organisasi yang melakukan kajian resiko Kawasan rawan kebakaran Karhutla di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Kajian resiko Kawasan dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan utama yaitu menetapkan kondisi daerah, menetapkan kondisi lahan melalui tingkat kerawanan dan titik panas, dan terakhir adalah menginformasi kondisi kepada pemerintah daerah dan masyakarat melalui kegiatan sosialisasi.

 

Kata Kunci:BencanaKebakaran, BPBD, Karhutla, Pencegahan
FENOMENA WAKIL PEREMPUAN (Di Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten Garut Periode 2019-2024)
Authors: Sholihah Lilis , Al Farisi Naufal Ashiil
Published: September 2021

Deputy garut district council members of the period but only the 2019-2024 is 50 and 9 members legislative women or only 18 % woman to members of the legislature has yet to reach hope 30 % representation of women in garut district council 2019-2024 period. This show representation of women in parliament is still low. While, the act of political parties and election gave opportunities for women to participate in politics and into. legislative institutions. Research conducted has the find out how women are represented in the Regional House of Representatives of Garut in the period 2019-2024 and the inhibiting factors that influence and the efforts made to increase women's representation in the Regional Representative Council of Garut. The theory used is electoral representation theory according to Piktin with four dimensions, namely representative, represented, the substance of representation and context. The method used in the research is a qualitative research method by describing descriptive data and inductive approaches. Supporting data collection methods in research through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis technique used is by reduction of data, display data, and reflecting g conclusion. The research results showed that the representation of women in the the Regional House of Representatives of Garut in the period 2019-2024 was still low. This is caused by internal factors, namely the confidence of women, social relations, double burden and political costs and external factors, namely patriarchal culture and political constraints. In this research we initialize to the government and political parties to do sosialisai the importance of of the representation of women in legislative and suggesting prospective members legoslatif women for developed a good relationship with the community, accommodated and expectations of women in parliament this with to be demonstrated by birth to legal products, programs and policies that are pro against women and as well as improvement system regeneration women.

Keywords: Representation of women, regional house of representatives.
RATIONAL CHOICE INSTITUTIONALISM, CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM, AND CONSTITUTION MAKER IN INDONESIA
Authors: Baidhowah Adfin Rochmad
Published: September 2021

Most political literature argues that outcomes in Indonesian constitutional reform 1999-2002 were determined mainly by the political actors. Notwithstanding the existing research providing insightful evidence, there is still a gap in which those literature discount the role of the party system in shaping and constraining the way the political actors within a party behave. Drawing on one of the new institutionalism concepts – ‘rational choice institutionalism' – the argument puts forth here is that Indonesian multi-party system (independent variable) forced the political parties (intermediary variable) to form a winning-coalition which finally produced a compromised outcome (dependent variable) of constitutional reform on the articles about relations between president and legislature.
MOTIF PEMBAGIAN MERCHANDISE PADA KAMPANYE PILIHAN WALIKOTA SURABAYA 2020
Authors: Irianti Yunia Mulia
Published: September 2021

Pemilihan walikota merupakan bagian dari pesta demokrasi Indonesia. Momentum tersebut menjadi sangat dinantikan oleh berbagai kalangan masyarakat. Terutama pada masa kampanye pasangan calon. Hal itu menjadi kesempatan emas bagi pasangan calon untuk menarik dukungan. Salah satunya dengan membagikan merchandise ke masyarakat. Surabaya menjadi kota yang dinantikan pemimpinnya sebagai pengganti Tri Risma Harini. Kesuksesannya dalam mengelola Surabaya menjadi rekam jejak yang gemilang selama masa jabatannya. Oleh karena itu, para calon walikota dan wakil walikota terpilih pada periode selanjutnya memiliki tugas membawa Surabaya lebih baik. Masa kampanye pemilihan kota Surabaya 2020 menjadi persaingan antar kedua calon walikota dan calon wakil walikota. Pada masa kampanye masing-masing pasangan calon berlomba-lomba untuk menarik perhatian masyarakat.  Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut, analisis teori dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teori motif Alfred Schutz. Analisis pembagian dua jenis motif yakni because to motive dan in order to motive maka dapat mengetahui motif dari pembagian merchandise pada kampanye pilihan walikota Surabaya 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data kualitatif dianalisis dengan tahapan reduction, display, conclusion. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motif dari pembagian merchandise pada kampanye pilihan walikota Surabaya 2020 adalah in order to motive.
Transformative Leadership of Wali Nagari Pakan Sinayan Banuhampu Agam Regency in Achieving The Achievement of Nagari Rancak in 2018
Authors: Putri Annisa Aulia , Rizaldi Syamsu , Ariany Ria
Published: September 2021

Nagari Pakan Sinayan has been led by H.S. Dt. Kayo Nan Kuniang for the past two periods. In the first period, Wali Nagari Pakan Sinayan won the Provincial Wali Nagari competency competition. Whereas for the second period, Wali Nagari Pakan Sinayan succeeded in bringing Nagari Pakan Sinayan to an achievement as Nagari Rancak in West Sumatera. This article aims to describe and analyze the leadership of Wali Nagari Pakan Sinayan in achieving achievements as Nagari Rancak. Problems are analyzed using the four components of transformative leadership by Robbins and Judge. The method used is qualitative with a descriptive analysis approach. The results showed that Wali Nagari Pakan Sinayan Banuhampu District Agam Regency has implemented a transformative leadership model. Wali Nagari Pakan Sinayan pays attention to the community and draws himself closer to sitting together with the community not only in official forums. Furthermore Wali Nagari Pakan Sinayan also implemented participatory planning to stimulate the community to issue ideas in development. Furthermore, Wali Nagari is a figure that motivates and gives influence to all nagari communities. Wali Nagari pays attention without distinguishing the jorong who supports him or not in the Nagari Election.

Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Wali Nagari, Nagari Rancak
The Government's Response to the Online Transportation Sub-Sector Economic Resilience in Anticipating the Covid-19 Impact: A Literature Review
Authors: Wuryanto Nicholas Aryo Bimo , Erfianti Erfianti , Mutiarin Dyah -
Published: September 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly affected human life, especially in the Indonesian economy and the transportation sub-sector. This research explains the Government's response in economic resilience and online transportation in anticipating the pandemic’s impact. Secondary data were analyzed using the descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that various initial responses were used to overcome the pandemic in online transportation, such as tight health protocols in customer facilities. These include purchasing PPE, medical devices, hospital upgrades, intensive doctors, and support for medical personnel by the government. Furthermore, there is an effort to strengthen economic resilience, especially for workers in the online transportation sub-sector.
Keywords: The Impact of Covid-19; Economic Resilience; Government Response, Online Transportation; Resilience Response
The Analysis of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) Management Using Interpretive Structural Modeling
Authors: Sari Agni Grandita Permata
Published: September 2021

The Central Government and West Java Province are intensively issuing policies to increase village empowerment, especially since village funds were distributed in 2015. Although these funds have positive implications for increasing the number of BUMDes, in general, the impact of BUMDes has not been too significant for the increase of the village's original income (PADes). West Java Province as a province that is very aggressively launching programs for villages development does not have BUMDes with ‘Big’ and ‘Advanced’ status, and only one with ‘Mature’ status, namely BUMDes Niagara in Bandung Regency. This paper aims to know the management, to identify and to analyze the most influential actors, supporting and inhibiting factors, and the changes expected to improve the management of BUMDes Niagara in Bandung Regency. The method used is qualitative with an inductive approach. Data analysis used the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The results showed that the management of BUMDes Niagara was elitist in that the village head and BUMDes manager played a major role in the development of BUMDes. Furthermore, the constraint analysis shows that the low quality of human resources is the most dominant problem. On the other hand, the factor of village potential and the commitment of the village head are the supporting factors that are most decisive. The above conditions converge on the need for the involvement of other parties, especially the government in providing guidance and assistance to Niagara BUMDes.
Antimicrobial potential of eucalyptus oil and lemongrass oil alone and in combination against clinical bacteria in planktonic and biofilm mode
Authors: Liaqat Iram , Asgar Amna
Published: September 2021

The use of natural substances has been trending from past few years. In recent years, the synthetic products obtained from plants have gained immense importance. Essential oils and volatile products obtained from plants are the source of food flavoring, aroma products and fragrance industries. Their use is also common to cure different ailments such as cancer, skin problems and nosocomial infections. Vast research has shown the antimicrobial properties of essential oils obtained from plants. Essential oils of lemongrass and eucalyptus have antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant and insecticidal characteristics. Lemongrass and eucalyptus oils shows their antibacterial activity towards Gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia. Combination of these oils also depicts high antimicrobial activity against different strains of bacteria. This review highlights the use of essential oils of lemongrass and eucalyptus for their in vitro antimicrobial properties against different bacteria in planktonic and biofilm mode. Mode of action by which the oil shows its inhibitory activity will be discussed. Susceptibility shown by different bacteria towards these essential oils and their components will be described
From In-Person to the Online World: Insights Into Organizing Events in Bioinformatics
Authors: da Silva Alessandra Lima , Abreu Ana Paula de , Mariano Diego , Caixeta Felipe , Santos Fenícia Brito , Lage Fernanda Stussi D. , Quintanilha-Peixoto Gabriel , Hilário Heron. O. , Xavier Joicymara. S. , Queiroz Lucio. R. , de Toledo Nayara Evelin , Tavares Raphael , Kato Rodrigo Bentes , dos Santos Roselane Gonçalves , Soares Stellamaris , Goes Wanessa. M. , Nogueira Wylerson. G. , Batista Thiago. M. , Ortega José Miguel , De Carvalho Vasco Ariston Azevedo , Franco Glória. Regina , Melo-Minardi Raquel. C. de , Góes-Neto Aristóteles
Published: September 2021

Bioinformatics is a fast-evolving research field, requiring effective educational initiatives to bring computational knowledge to Life Sciences. Since 2017, an organizing committee composed of graduate students and postdoctoral researchers from the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Brazil) promotes a week-long event named Summer Course in Bioinformatics (CVBioinfo). This event aims to diffuse bioinformatic principles, news, and methods mainly focused on audiences of undergraduate students. Furthermore, as the advent of the COVID-19 global pandemic has precluded in-person events, we offered the event in online mode, using free video transmission platforms. Herein, we present and discuss the insights obtained from promoting the Online Workshop in Bioinformatics (WOB) organized in November 2020, comparing it to our experience in previous in-person editions of the same event.
A Pathway From Porous Particle Technology Toward Tailoring Aerogels for Pulmonary Drug Administration
Authors: Duong Thoa , López-Iglesias Clara , Szewczyk Piotr K. , Stachewicz Urszula , Barros Joana , Alvarez-Lorenzo Carmen , Alnaief Mohammad , García-González Carlos A.
Published: September 2021

Graphical Abstract

Aerogel powders are advantageous porous particles in dry powder inhalers for the pulmonary drug delivery in local and systemic treatments.
Genetics Evaluation of Targeted Exome Sequencing in 223 Chinese Probands With Genetic Skeletal Dysplasias
Authors: Lv Shanshan , Zhao Jiao , Xi Lei , Lin Xiaoyun , Wang Chun , Yue Hua , Gu Jiemei , Hu Weiwei , Fu Wenzhen , Wei Zhanying , Zhang Hao , Hu Yunqiu , Li Shanshan , Zhang Zhenlin
Published: September 2021

Genetic skeletal dysplasias (GSDs) are a type of disease with complex phenotype and high heterogeneity, characterized by cartilage and bone growth abnormalities. The variable phenotypes of GSD make clinical diagnosis difficult. To explore the clinical utility of targeted exome sequencing (TES) in the diagnosis of GSD, 223 probands with suspected GSD were enrolled for TES with a panel of 322 known disease-causing genes. After bioinformatics analysis, all candidate variants were prioritized by pathogenicity. Sanger sequencing was used to verify candidate variants in the probands and parents and to trace the source of variants in family members. We identified the molecular diagnoses for 110/223 probands from 24 skeletal disorder groups and confirmed 129 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 48 genes. The overall diagnostic rate was 49%. The molecular diagnostic results modified the diagnosis in 25% of the probands, among which mucopolysaccharidosis and spondylo-epi-metaphyseal dysplasias were more likely to be misdiagnosed. The clinical management of 33% of the probands also improved; 21 families received genetic counseling; 4 families accepted prenatal genetic diagnosis, 1 of which was detected to carry pathogenic variants. The results showed that TES achieved a high diagnostic rate for GSD, helping clinicians confirm patients’ molecular diagnoses, formulate treatment directions, and carry out genetic counseling. TES could be an economical diagnostic method for patients with GSD.
Redox-Mediated Regulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Dynamics, and Respiratory Chain Assembly in Yeast and Human Cells
Authors: Geldon Stefan , Fernández-Vizarra Erika , Tokatlidis Kostas
Published: September 2021

Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles that contain their own genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and reminiscent of its endosymbiotic origin. Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration via the function of the electron oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS), located in the mitochondrial inner membrane and composed of the four electron transport chain (ETC) enzymes (complexes I-IV), and the ATP synthase (complex V). Even though the mtDNA encodes essential OXPHOS components, the large majority of the structural subunits and additional biogenetical factors (more than seventy proteins) are encoded in the nucleus and translated in the cytoplasm. To incorporate these proteins and the rest of the mitochondrial proteome, mitochondria have evolved varied, and sophisticated import machineries that specifically target proteins to the different compartments defined by the two membranes. The intermembrane space (IMS) contains a high number of cysteine-rich proteins, which are mostly imported via the MIA40 oxidative folding system, dependent on the reduction, and oxidation of key Cys residues. Several of these proteins are structural components or assembly factors necessary for the correct maturation and function of the ETC complexes. Interestingly, many of these proteins are involved in the metalation of the active redox centers of complex IV, the terminal oxidase of the mitochondrial ETC. Due to their function in oxygen reduction, mitochondria are the main generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS), on both sides of the inner membrane, i.e., in the matrix and the IMS. ROS generation is important due to their role as signaling molecules, but an excessive production is detrimental due to unwanted oxidation reactions that impact on the function of different types of biomolecules contained in mitochondria. Therefore, the maintenance of the redox balance in the IMS is essential for mitochondrial function. In this review, we will discuss the role that redox regulation plays in the maintenance of IMS homeostasis as well as how mitochondrial ROS generation may be a key regulatory factor for ETC biogenesis, especially for complex IV.
Expression and Functional Analysis of lncRNAs Involved in Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB-Induced Proliferation of Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Lin Jia-Jie , Chen Wei , Gong Miao , Xu Xin , Du Mei-Yang , Wang Si-Fan , Yang Li-Yun , Wang Yu , Liu Ke-Xin , Kong Peng , Li Bin , Liu Kun , Li Yi-Ming , Dong Li-Hua , Sun Shao-Guang
Published: September 2021

Abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a common feature of many vascular remodeling diseases. Because long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in cardiovascular diseases, we analyzed the key lncRNAs that regulate VSMC proliferation. Microarray analysis identified 2,643 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and 3,720 differentially expressed coding genes (DEGs) between fetal bovine serum (FBS) starvation-induced quiescent human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-stimulated proliferative HASMCs. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses of the identified DEGs and DELs demonstrated that many lncRNAs were enriched in pathways related to cell proliferation. One of the upregulated lncRNAs in proliferative HASMC was HIF1A anti-sense RNA 2 (HIF1A-AS2). HIF1A-AS2 suppression decreased HASMC proliferation via the miR-30e-5p/CCND2 mRNA axis. We have thus identified key DELs and DEGs involved in the regulation of PDGF-BB induced HASMC proliferation. Moreover, HIF1A-AS2 promotes HASMC proliferation, suggesting its potential involvement in VSMC proliferative vascular diseases.
Translational Physiology of Anti-Müllerian Hormone: Clinical Applications in Female Fertility Preservation and Cancer Treatment
Authors: Rodgers Rachael Jean , Abbott Jason Anthony , Walters Kirsty A. , Ledger William Leigh
Published: September 2021

Background

Whilst the ability of AMH to induce the regression of the Müllerian ducts in the male fetus is well appreciated, AMH has additional biological actions in relation to steroid biosynthesis and ovarian follicle dynamics. An understanding of the physiology of AMH illuminates the potential therapeutic utility of AMH to protect the ovarian reserve during chemotherapy and in the treatment of female malignancies. The translation of the biological actions of AMH into clinical applications is an emerging focus of research, with promising preliminary results.

Objective and Rationale

Studies indicate AMH restrains primordial follicle development, thus administration of AMH during chemotherapy may protect the ovarian reserve by preventing the mass activation of primordial follicles. As AMH induces regression of tissues expressing the AMH receptor (AMHRII), administration of AMH may inhibit growth of malignancies expressing AMHR II. This review evaluates the biological actions of AMH in females and appraises human clinical applications.

Search Methods

A comprehensive search of the Medline and EMBASE databases seeking articles related to the physiological functions and therapeutic applications of AMH was conducted in July 2021. The search was limited to studies published in English.

Outcomes

AMH regulates primordial follicle recruitment and moderates sex steroid production through the inhibition of transcription of enzymes in the steroid biosynthetic pathway, primarily aromatase and 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase. Preliminary data indicates that administration of AMH to mice during chemotherapy conveys a degree of protection to the ovarian reserve. Administration of AMH at the time of ovarian tissue grafting has the potential to restrain uncontrolled primordial follicle growth during revascularization. Numerous studies demonstrate AMH induced regression of AMHR II expressing malignancies. As this action occursviaa different mechanism to traditional chemotherapeutic agents, AMH has the capacity to inhibit proliferation of chemo-resistant ovarian cancer cells and cancer stem cells.

Wider Implications

To date, AMH has not been administered to humans. Data identified in this review suggests administration of AMH would be safe and well tolerated. Administration of AMH during chemotherapy may provide a synchronistic benefit to women with an AMHR II expressing malignancy, protecting the ovarian reserve whilst the cancer is treated by dual mechanisms.
Power Dispatching of Transportable Energy Storage System for Post-disaster Restoration Scheme of Port: The AES-Based Joint Restoration Scheme
Authors: Xia Wenjia , Shan Qihe , Teng Fei , Li Tieshan
Published: September 2021

In recent years, the rapid development of artificial intelligence, Big Data, Cloud Computing, etc., rapidly develops, synergy development of the transportation-energy-information based triple play has been accelerated. The all-electric ship (AES) is satisfied with the demand for both the unreasonable resource configuration of port energy system and low energy efficiency caused by sudden disasters. As a power carrier unit, AES has great potential in improving the resistance of port power distribution network for large-area blackout. Therefore, in this paper, a joint post-disaster restoration scheme for AESs and distribution generation scheduling in ports’ microgrid (MG) is proposed to minimize the cost of post-disaster restoration including customer interruption cost and AES operation cost. The time-space network (TSN) model which describes the scheduling of AESs is applied to compare the grid resilience and flexibility of AES-based joint dispatching and only relying on distributed generation equipment in post-disaster restoration. The joint scheduling problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming. The proposed model and scheme are tested in a system with 3 ports and 4 AESs verified the resilience of the port power distribution network with AESs.
Specialized Metabolites in Floral Resources: Effects and Detection in Buff-Tailed Bumblebees
Authors: Sculfort Ombeline , Gérard Maxence , Gekière Antoine , Nonclercq Denis , Gerbaux Pascal , Duez Pierre , Vanderplanck Maryse
Published: September 2021

The selection of appropriate food resources by bees is a critical aspect for the maintenance of their populations, especially in the current context of global change and pollinator decline. Wild bees have a sophisticated ability to forage selectively on specific resources, and can assess the quality of pollen using contact chemosensory perception (taste). While numerous studies have investigated the detection of pollen macronutrients in bees and their impact on bee health and reproductive success, only a few studies have described the gustatory responses of bees toward specialized metabolites. In addition, these studies mostly focused on the response to nectar and neglected pollen, which is the main food resource for both bee imagines and larvae. Whether bees have the ability to detect specialized toxic metabolites in pollen and then rapidly adapt their foraging behavior to avoid them is very little studied. In this study, we tested whether pollen specialized metabolites affect bumblebees at both the micro-colony and individual levels (i.e., bioassays using supplemented pollen), and whether foragers detect these specialized metabolites and potentially display an avoidance behavior (i.e., preference tests using supplemented syrup). Bumblebees were fed with either amygdalin-, scopolamine- or sinigrin-supplemented pollen diets in ratios that mimic 50%, 100%, and 200% of naturally occurring concentrations. We found no effect of these specialized metabolites on resource collection, reproductive success and stress response at the micro-colony level. At the individual level, bumblebees fed on 50%-amygdalin or 50%-scopolamine diets displayed the highest scores for damage to their digestive systems. Interestingly, during the preference tests, the solution with 50%-scopolamine displayed a phagostimulatory activity, whereas solution with 50%-amygdalin had a deterrent effect and could trigger an active avoidance behavior in bumblebees, with a faster proboscis retraction. Our results suggest that regulation of toxin intake is not as well-established and effective as the regulation of nutrient intake in bees. Bees are therefore not equally adapted to all specialized pollen metabolites that they can come into contact with.
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Metal Tolerance Protein Gene Family in Medicago truncatula Under a Broad Range of Heavy Metal Stress
Authors: El-Sappah Ahmed H. , Elbaiomy Rania G. , Elrys Ahmed S. , Wang Yu , Zhu Yumin , Huang Qiulan , Yan Kuan , Xianming Zhao , Abbas Manzar , El-Tarabily Khaled A. , Li Jia
Published: September 2021

Metal tolerance proteins (MTPs) encompass plant membrane divalent cation transporters to specifically participate in heavy metal stress resistance and mineral acquisition. However, the molecular behaviors and biological functions of this family inMedicago truncatulaare scarcely known. A total of 12 potentialMTPcandidate genes in theM. truncatulagenome were successfully identified and analyzed for a phylogenetic relationship, chromosomal distributions, gene structures, docking analysis, gene ontology, and previous gene expression.M. truncatula MTPs(MtMTPs) were further classified into three major cation diffusion facilitator (CDFs) groups: Mn-CDFs, Zn-CDFs, and Fe/Zn-CDFs. The structural analysis ofMtMTPsdisplayed high gene similarity within the same group where all of them have cation_efflux domain or ZT_dimer.Cis-acting element analysis suggested that various abiotic stresses and phytohormones could induce the mostMtMTPgene transcripts. Among allMTPs, PF16916 is the specific domain, whereas GLY, ILE, LEU, MET, ALA, SER, THR, VAL, ASN, and PHE amino acids were predicted to be the binding residues in the ligand-binding site of all these proteins. RNA-seq and gene ontology analysis revealed the significant role ofMTPgenes in the growth and development ofM. truncatula.MtMTPgenes displayed differential responses in plant leaves, stems, and roots under five divalent heavy metals (Cd2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Fe2+). Ten, seven, and nineMtMTPsresponded to at least one metal ion treatment in the leaves, stems, and roots, respectively. Additionally,MtMTP1.1,MtMTP1.2, andMtMTP4exhibited the highest expression responses in most heavy metal treatments. Our results presented a standpoint on the evolution ofMTPsinM. truncatula. Overall, our study provides a novel insight into the evolution of theMTPgene family inM. truncatulaand paves the way for additional functional characterization of this gene family.
HLA-G 3’UTR Polymorphisms Are Linked to Susceptibility and Survival in Spanish Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients
Authors: Vaquero-Yuste Christian , Juarez Ignacio , Molina-Alejandre Marta , Molanes-López Elisa María , López-Nares Adrián , Suárez-Trujillo Fabio , Gutiérrez-Calvo Alberto , López-García Adela , Lasa Inmaculada , Gómez Remedios , Fernández-Cruz Eduardo , Rodrígez-Sainz Carmen , Arnaiz-Villena Antonio , Martín-Villa José Manuel
Published: September 2021

HLA-G is a non-classical class I HLA molecule that induces tolerance by acting on receptors of both innate and adaptive immune cells. When overexpressed in tumors, limits surveillance by the immune system. The HLA-G gene shows several polymorphisms involved in mRNA and protein levels. We decided to study the implication of two polymorphisms (rs371194629; 14bp INS/DEL and rs1063320; +3142 C/G) in paired tissue samples (tumoral and non-tumoral) from 107 Spanish patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 58 healthy control individuals, to assess the possible association of the HLA-G gene with gastric adenocarcinoma susceptibility, disease progression and survival. The presence of somatic mutations involving these polymorphisms was also analyzed. The frequency of the 14bp DEL allele was increased in patients (70.0%) compared to controls (57.0%, p=0.025). In addition, the haplotype formed by the combination of the 14bp DEL/+3142 C variants is also increased in patients (54.1% vs 44.4%, p=0.034, OR=1.74 CI95% 1.05-2.89). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that 14bp DEL/DEL patients showed lower 5-year life-expectancy than INS/DEL or INS/INS (p=0.041). Adjusting for TNM staging (Cox regression analysis) disclosed a significant difference in death risk (p=0.03) with an expected hazard 2.6 times higher. Finally, no somatic mutations were found when comparing these polymorphisms in tumoral vs non-tumoral tissues, which indicates that this is a preexisting condition in patients and not a de novo, tumor-restricted, event. In conclusion, the variants predominant in patients were those increasing HLA-G mRNA stability and HLA-G expression, clearly involving this molecule in gastric adenocarcinoma susceptibility, disease progression and survival and making it a potential target for immunotherapeutic approaches.