bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A rare case presentation of psychogenic dysphagia in 7 year old boy: A case report
Authors: Kayika I Gede Kade Dwi Dharma , Putra I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya , Karyana I Putu Gede , Wardani Ida Ayu Kusuma , Nesa Ni Nyoman Metriani
Published: May 2024

Background: The incidence of dysphagia due to psychogenic dysphagia is quite common in adults, but the incidence at 5 – 14 year old age is rare. The incidence is 1.3 per 100.000 cases of dysphagia. The main problem of dysphagia is the inability to intake, which leads to dehydration and malnutrition. Various diagnostic tests should be performed to rule out the anatomical and neurogenic causes before a psychogenic dysphagia diagnosis is established. This case report describes a rare case of dysphagia due to psychogenic dysphagia in children.
Case Report: We report a case of a 7-year-old boy with difficulty swallowing since 12 days before admission, which worsened in the last 5 days. The patient was suspected of achalasia and was referred to an otolaryngologist at Prof. Ngoerah Hospital. Laboratory tests were within normal limits. Head CT scan showed no abnormality. The patient consulted a psychiatrician and was diagnosed with observation of dysphagia due to psychogenic dysphagia. After diagnosis, psychogenic dysphagia was confirmed and treated; the complaint was relieved.
Conclusion: Psychogenic dysphagia should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis, especially in children presented with difficulty swallowing and normal diagnostic imaging.
Vibrational spectroscopy as a promising modality for diagnosing early osteoarthritis: a literature review
Authors: Pradnyandari Ni Kadek Parswa Diah , I Komang Mahendra Laksana M.
Published: May 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease caused by biological, chemical, and viscoelastic changes in the cartilage, synovium, subchondral bone, and synovial fluid. The current imaging techniques used to diagnose OA are frequently time-consuming, expensive, and damaging. Joint tissues have been examined using vibrational spectroscopy, and spectra of arthritic cartilage or subchondral bone in animals and people have revealed early chemical changes. This literature review aims to evaluate the role of vibrational spectroscopy in detecting early OA.
Methods: Using the keywords "osteoarthritis," "imaging," "diagnostic," "spectroscopy," "vibrational spectroscopy," cartilage," and "synovial fluid," studies in online databases such as PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar were searched for this review of the literature. After that, appropriate studies were conducted using a narrative synthesis analysis.
Discussion: There are three types of vibrational spectroscopy, including near-infrared (NIR), infrared (IR), and Raman spectroscopy, which creates a vibrational spectrum from the vibrating of molecules or atomic groups brought on by electromagnetic radiation. Early OA can be identified by spectroscopic analysis of the synovial fluid, alterations in articular cartilage, and subchondral bone. The stretching and bending vibrations of C-H, N-H, and O-H bonds are visible in the NIR spectrum at wavelengths between 12,500 and 4000 cm-1. The transition between molecules' vibrational and rotational energy levels causes structural modifications in the 4000-400 cm-1 range, which are analyzed by IR spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy uses the Raman scattering method to reflect the vibrational information between molecules.
Conclusion: Vibrational spectroscopy is a promising modality for detecting early OA by analyzing synovial fluid spectrum, articular cartilage and subchondral bone changes.
Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas L.) Cream Extract Increase Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) - Malondialdehyde (MDA) Ratio and Higher Collagen Expression in Rats (Rattus novergicus) Exposed to Ultraviolet B
Authors: Giantoro Marvin , Winaya Ketut Kwartantaya , Puspawati Ni Made Dwi
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Aging can occur in all parts of the body. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme is an enzyme that interacts with collagen, especially in types I and IV. UVB rays can trigger the presence of free radicals and lipid peroxidation, which form malondialdehyde (MDA) compounds. This study aimed to determine the effect of cream application of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) extract on increasing the ratio of SOD to MDA levels and increasing collagen in rats exposed to UVB.
Methods: This was experimental, using a post-test only with a control group design. The irradiation was carried out for 4 weeks with a total radiation dose of 840 mJ/cm2. Purple sweet potato cream concentration was 4%, 8%, and 16%. Rat blood was taken to check the ratio of SOD/MDA and collagen levels using the ELISA kit and Sirius red staining. This study used descriptive analysis and ANOVA using SPSS.25.sav
Results: The highest ratio of SOD/MDA levels was found in the treatment group with an 8% purple sweet potato extract concentration of 3.346 ± 0.113. In the collagen expression, the highest percentage was found at 8% levels of 83,290 ± 1,885%. There was a significant mean difference between the treatment and control groups, with the treatment group having a higher result than the control group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The administration of purple sweet potato cream extract could inhibit aging by increasing the ratio of SOD/MDA levels and collagen expression.
Brain abscess as a complication of Salmonella meningitis in an infant: What can we learn from this case?
Authors: Novia  , Mahalini Dewi Sutriani , I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba
Published: May 2024

Background: Salmonella species (sp.) is a rare yet challenging causative organism of meningitis in the pediatric population. Salmonella meningitis has been reported to present with a more severe clinical course, poorer outcome, and higher degree of complications and relapses.
Case Illustration: An 8-month-old male infant was admitted to our hospital with a history of focal tonic-clonic seizure, fever, projectile vomiting, and a decrease in consciousness. A head CT scan revealed a brain abscess in the frontal-temporoparietal region. The patient was administered a triple combination of intravenous antibiotics as the empirical treatment, followed by craniotomy for abscess evacuation. The abscess specimen culture isolated the growth of Salmonella sp. Improvement was observed during the hospital stay; however, the patient developed focal epilepsy, communicating hydrocephalus, and subsequent cerebral palsy as sequelae. The infant had a prior admission to the hospital at 6 months old when he was diagnosed with bacterial meningitis caused by Salmonella sp., treated with intravenous antibiotics for 21 days. Although the last cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture evaluation was sterile, slight pleocytosis and low glucose on CSF analysis persisted.
Conclusion: Longer antibiotic administration, up to 4-6 weeks, might be considered for treating Salmonella meningitis. Evaluation of CSF culture, along with CSF analysis and neuroimaging studies, should be carefully considered to determine the appropriate duration of treatment.
MRI imaging pattern of metastasis and tuberculous spondylitis in the spine: serial case report
Authors: Asih Krista Putri , Asih Made Widhi , Martadiani Elysanti Dwi
Published: May 2024

Background: Tuberculous spondylitis and spinal metastasis manifestations have a similar clinical manifestation. Spinal metastasis prevalence is high in malignant process while tuberculosis is frequent in endemic areas. Back pain, paresthesia, and paralysis are commonly caused by vertebral fractures, soft tissue mass, and spinal canal involvement. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful modality in the pattern differentiation of these diseases. This case series aimed to provide a differentiation between those two diseases using MRI.
Case report: In the first case, we presented a 24-year-old female complained of hip pain without history of tuberculosis infection or malignancy. Whole spine MRI showed kyphotic deformity, compression of T9 vertebral body, erosion of anterior aspect T8 and T10 vertebral body, and subligamentous abscess at T7-T12 vertebrae level. Tuberculous infection was proven. The second case was a 39-year-old female complained of leg weakness without complaint of cough or breathing difficulty. Whole spine MRI showed kyphotic thoracic vertebrae, compression T10 vertebral body, destruction of inferior endplate T9 vertebrae, bone marrow changes on thoracic vertebral body, and paravertebral soft tissue mass on anterior T6 to T11 vertebral body. Tuberculosis etiology was proven. The third case was a 51-year-old female that came to the hospital due to waist pain with no history of tuberculosis infection or malignancy. Whole spine MRI revealed T8 and T9 vertebral body compression and bone marrow replacement on cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae, spinous process of thoracic and lumbar, bilateral posterior rib T4-T5, and soft tissue mass at the posterior T9 vertebrae. In the last case, we presented a 58-year-old male that complianed pain in the back and both legs. Lumbosacral MRI showed compression fracture with signal intensity change on L3 vertebral body, bone marrow replacement on thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae, expanding to epidural and cause spinal canal stenosis. CT-scan thorax showed lung malignancy proven to be non-small cell lung carcinoma. A spinal biopsy revealed malignant infiltration.
Conclusion: Tuberculous spondylitis and metastasis differentiation can be a challenge. Early complaints mostly are back pain, paresthesia, and paralysis. Spine MRI can differentiate the pattern of both diseases and identify the possible etiology.
A giant infiltrating angiolipoma of the thigh: a case report
Authors: Diputra Sang Nyoman Oka , Martadiani Elysanti Dwi , Asih Made Widhi
Published: May 2024

Background: Common vascular lipoma variants, such as angiolipoma, comprise 5–17% of all lipomas. They are categorized into two types: noninfiltrating and rare, deeper infiltrating forms that affect deep soft tissues and skeletal muscle. Young adults with the noninfiltrating type typically have it on their trunk and extremities, most frequently on the forearm. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified deep infiltrating angiolipomas as intramuscular hemangiomas. The purpose of this case report was to describe a unique instance of a giant thigh angiolipoma that had infiltrated.
Case report: A 9-year-old boy patient complained of a lump on the left thigh that was felt about 3 years ago. The lump has grown larger and painful in the last 6 months. He had no history of illness related to her current lump complaint of the thigh. In addition, he also denied any history of trauma. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (M.R.I.) displays hyperintense heterogeny mass with fat and flow void components on T1WI/T2WI/T2STIR. Histopathology signifies mature fat cells that penetrate the surrounding blood vessels, which are accompanied by fibrous connective tissue, indicating an intramuscular-infiltrating angiolipoma.
Conclusion: We present a unique instance of a giant infiltrating thigh angiolipoma. Since angiolipoma is an uncommon histological type of giant lipoma, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
Breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy towards quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Githa I Putu Agni Rangga , Bandem I Nyoman Gede Susila
Published: May 2024

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is still the most frequent cancer among women. Surgery for BC frequently starts with either a mastectomy or a breast-conserving surgery (BCS). There is still controversy regarding better QoL between them. This study purposed to evaluate the BCS and mastectomy towards QoL in systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods: This review was conducted following the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search was conducted on electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, and Google Scholar). Data extraction and study quality assessment were done using the PICOS strategy and NOS checklist. The mean difference parameter was used to determine differences in group quality scores. The accepted significant p-value is <0.05.
Results: 12 studies involving 5311 BC patients undergoing either BCS (n=3254) or mastectomy (n=2057) were obtained. Most of the study designs used a prospective cohort design. There was no significant difference of QoL between BCS and mastectomy group in the breast satisfaction domain (MD 5.96; 95%CI -1.70 – 13.62; p=0.13; heterogeneity, I2=99%; p<0.001), psychosocial well-being domain (MD -0.45; 95%CI -10.27 – 9.37; p=0.93; heterogeneity, I2=94%; p<0.001), and physical well-being domain (MD 3.07; 95%CI -2.05 – 0.20; p=0.24; heterogeneity, I2=98%; p<0.001). However, there was a significant difference in the sexual well-being domain (MD 5.06; 95%CI 0.89 – 9.24; p=0.02; heterogeneity, I2=100%; p<0.001).
Conclusion: Patients who had BCS have similar QoL but higher sexual well-being compared to patients who had mastectomy.
Obesitas pada kehamilan sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya serum IL– 6 dan TNF- α maternal yang tinggi
Authors: Putra I Wayan Artana , Widiyanti Endang Sri , Wanaditya Glenn Kristie , Sumada I Made Agus Cakhantara
Published: May 2024

Background: Obesity in pregnancy is currently a health problem that is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity. This is thought to be caused by high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) which are triggered by obesity itself and pregnancy. The aim of this study was to determine whether obesity in pregnancy is a risk factor for high serum IL-6 and TNF alpha.
Methods: This research is a cross-sectional analytical study on 58 pregnant women with obesity (as a risk factor) and without obesity who came to the Polyclinic and Obstetrics Emergency Room at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital were selected sequentially (consecutive sampling) and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum IL-6 and TNF alpha were taken from the mother's blood and then measured using the Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method.
Results: High levels of IL-6 were found to be significant in 20 obese pregnant women (68.9%) and 11 non-obese pregnant women (37.9%) (Prevalence Ratio (PR) 1.81; p 0.019). High levels of TNF alpha were also found to be significant in 23 obese pregnant women (79.3%) and 13 non-obese pregnant women (44.8%) (Prevalence Ratio (PR) 1.77; p 0.007).
Conclusion: Obesity in pregnancy is a risk factor for high serum IL-6 and TNF alpha.
 
Latar belakang: Obesitas pada kehamilan saat ini menjadi masalah kesehatan yang dihubungkan dengan peningkatan morbiditas pada maternal dan neonatal. Hal ini diduga diakibatkan oleh tingginya sitokin proinflamasi interleukin 6 (IL-6) dan tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) yang dipicu  oleh obesitas itu sendiri dan keadaan kehamilan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah obesitas pada kehamilan merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya serum IL-6 dan TNF alfa yang tinggi.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik potong lintang pada 58 wanita hamil dengan obesitas (sebagai faktor risiko) dan tanpa obesitas yang datang ke Poliklinik dan IGD Kebidanan RSUP Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar yang dipilih secara berurutan (consecutive sampling) dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Serum IL-6 dan TNF alfa diambil dari darah ibu dan kemudian diukur menggunakan metode enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).
Hasil: Kadar IL-6 yang tinggi didapatkan signifikan pada 20 wanita hamil dengan obesitas (68,9%) dan 11 wanita hamil tidak obesitas (37,9%) (Prevalence Ratio (PR) 1,81; p 0,019). Kadar TNF alfa yang tinggi juga ditemukan signifikan pada 23 wanita hamil dengan obesitas (79,3%) dan 13 wanita hamil tidak obesitas (44,8%) (Prevalence Ratio (PR) 1,77; p 0,007).
Simpulan: Obesitas pada kehamilan merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya serum IL-6 dan TNF alfa yang tinggi.
Peran suplementasi sinbiotik dalam terapi nutrisi terhadap kadar prokalsitonin dan skor prognosis pasien luka bakar berat dan sepsis: Sebuah laporan kasus
Authors: Yuriani Susanty , Sonia Steffi , Sinaga Wina , Wardhana Aditya , Octovia Lily Indriani
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Severe burns cause tissue damage and systemic hyperinflammation. Gastrointestinal barrier dysfunction, dysbiosis and immune dysregulation in burn patients contribute to sepsis. Procalcitonin is used as a biomarker of sepsis in burn patients. Synbiotic supplementation, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics, can reduce dysbiosis and inflammation and is thought to influence procalcitonin levels and the prognosis scores of patients with severe burns and sepsis.
Methods: A 54-year-old female patient with fire burns and grade II-III scald 34% body surface area and sepsis. The patient's nutritional status was normal weight (body mass index 20.1 kg/m2). The patient experienced septic shock and was on mechanical ventilation. The patient received high protein enteral nutrition therapy and synbiotic supplementation, each capsule containing Lactobacillus acidophillus and Bifidobacterium longum 5 billion colony forming units (CFU) and 60 mg fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), which was given 2 times 1 capsule per day for 21 days from the day treat 7th.
Results: Observation results showed a decrease in procalcitonin levels and SOFA scores during synbiotic supplementation for 21 days.
Conclusion: Synbiotic supplementation containing 10 billion CFU probiotics and 120 mg FOS per day for 21 days in nutritional therapy can support a reduction in procalcitonin levels and prognosis scores in patients with severe burns.
 
Pendahuluan: Luka bakar berat menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan dan hiperinflamasi sistemik. Disfungsi barrier gastrointestinal, disbiosis dan disregulasi imun pada pasien luka bakar berkontribusi menyebabkan sepsis. Prokalsitonin digunakan sebagai biomarker sepsis pada pasien luka bakar. Suplementasi sinbiotik, kombinasi probiotik dan prebiotik, dapat mengurangi disbiosis dan inflamasi sehingga diduga mempengaruhi kadar prokalsitonin dan skor prognosis pasien luka bakar berat dan sepsis.
Metode: Pasien perempuan berusia 54 tahun dengan luka bakar api dan scald derajat II-III 34% luas permukaan tubuh dan sepsis. Status gizi pasien adalah berat badan normal (indeks massa tubuh 20,1 kg/m2). Pasien mengalami syok septik dan menggunakan ventilasi mekanik. Pasien mendapat terapi nutrisi enteral tinggi protein dan suplementasi sinbiotik, tiap kapsul mengandung Lactobacillus acidophillus dan Bifidobacterium longum 5 milyar colony forming unit (CFU) serta 60 mg frukto-oligosakarida (FOS), yang diberikan 2 kali 1 kapsul per hari selama 21 hari sejak hari rawat ke-7.
Hasil: Hasil observasi menunjukkan adanya penurunan kadar prokalsitonin dan skor SOFA saat suplementasi sinbiotik selama 21 hari.
Simpulan: Suplementasi sinbiotik mengandung probiotik 10 milyar CFU dan FOS 120 mg per hari selama 21 hari dalam terapi nutrisi dapat mendukung penurunan kadar prokalsitonin dan skor prognosis pada pasien luka bakar berat.
Child Education in the Household Islamic Education Management Perspective
Authors: Halimatussakdiah Halimatussakdiah
Published: May 2024

The purpose of writing this article is to reveal the basic concepts of Islamic Education for children at the golden age (0-6 years) and reveal the concept of Management of Islamic Education for children aged 0-2 years in households. The method used is descriptive-qualitative through library research and documentary techniques which are then analyzed using the Content Analysis method. Based on the results of the study it was found that; the concept of Management of Islamic Education for early childhood in the household, includes: (1) Planning (planning) of Islamic education which refers to the theory of W5 1 H (What, who, when, where, why, and how), and is carried out in the household by the main teacher namely parents (father and mother) and family. (2) Implementation (actuating) on the basis of the Qur'an, al-Sunnah and Ijtihad), educational goals (physical, spiritual, and intellectual), educational methods (models, habituation and training, advice/reward, supervision, punishment/ penalty). (3) Evaluation (controlling) of various aspects in accordance with the goals and competency standards of Early Childhood Education that have been determined, namely: (a) moral aspects and religious values, (b) social, emotional and independence aspects, (c) language aspects, (d) cognitive aspects, (e) physical/motor aspects, and (f) artistic aspects. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengungkap konsep dasar Pendidikan Islam bagi anak pada usia keemasan (0-6 tahun) dan mengungkap konsep Manajemen Pendidikan Islam bagi anak usia 0-2 tahun di rumah tangga. Metode yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif- kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan (library research) dan teknik dokumenter yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan métode Content Analisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa; konsep Manajemen Pendidikan islam bagi anak usia dini di rumah tangga, meliputi: (1) Perencanaan (planning) pendidikan Islam yang mengacu pada teori W5 1 H (What,who, when, where, why, and how), dan dilakukan di rumah tangga oleh guru utamanya yaitu orang tua (ayah dan ibu) serta  keluarga. (2)  Pelaksanaan (actuating) dengan dasar Al-Qur’an, al-Sunnah dan Ijtihad), tujuan pendidikan (jasmani, rohani, dan akal), metode pendidikan (teladan, pembiasaan dan latihan, nasehat/ penghargaan, pengawasan, hukuman/ sanksi). (3) Evaluasi (controlling) dari berbagai aspek sesuai dengan tujuan dan standar kompetensi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini yang telah ditentukan, yaitu: (a) aspek moral dan nilai-nilai agama, (b) aspek sosial, emosional dan kemandirian, (c) aspek bahasa, (d) aspek kognitif, (e) aspek fisik/ motorik, dan (f) aspek seni.
The Conceptual Model of Improving The Perfomance of Madrasah Teachers
Authors: Khoerudin Liana Ariesha , Qomariyah Siti , Sanjaya Hani , Supendi Pepen
Published: May 2024

This article examines the role of leadership style in improving teacher performance at MTs Al Matuq Sukabumi. Leadership is defined as the overall action to influence and move people, in a joint effort to achieve goals, or a more complete definition can be said that leadership is an organized process of giving way in a formal organization, to achieve the goals that have been set. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This research site is located at MTs Al Matuq Sukabumi. Data collection techniques that researchers use are observation and interviews. The results of the study show that the head of MTs Al Matuq has the competency as the head of the madrasah and is able to implement the madrasah programs that have been planned. Therefore, forming an effective and efficient climate, madrasah culture and teacher job satisfaction. This has implications for the high involvement and participation of MTs Al Matuq teachers in making organizational decisions for their educational institution. Instilled in the teacher of MTs Al Matuq psychologically sided with his work and considers his performance as his self-esteem too at the same time. Artikel ini mengkaji tentang peran gaya kepemimpinan dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di MTs Al Matuq Sukabumi.  Kepemimpinan didefinisikan sebagai keseluruhan tindakan untuk mempengaruhi dan menggerakkan orang-orang, dalam usaha bersama untuk mencapai tujuan, atau definisi lebih lengkapnya dapat dikatakan bahwa kepemimpinan adalah proses pemberian jalan yang terorganisir dalam sebuah organisasi formal, untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif jenis deskriptif. Situs penelitian ini berada di MTs Al Matuq Sukabumi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang peneliti gunakan yaitu obserasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kepala MTs Al Matuq memiliki kompetensi sebagai kepala madrasah dan mampu mengimplementasikan program-program madrasah yang telah di rencanakan. Sehingga, membentuk iklim, budaya madrasah dan kepuasan kerja guru yang efektif dan efisien. Hal ini berimplikasi pada keterlibatan dan partisipasi yang tinggi dari para guru MTs Al Matuq dalam ikut mengambil keputusan organisasi lembaga pendidikannya itu. Tertanam pada diri guru MTs Al Matuq memihak secara psikologis terhadap pekerjaannya dan menganggap kinerjanya adalah sebagai harga dirinya juga sekaligus.
Implementation of Islamic character education in developing religious moderation at vocational high school
Authors: Hilmi Fuad , Annibras Nablur Rahman , Ghani Abdul
Published: May 2024

The aim of the research is the implementation of Islamic Character Education in fostering religious moderation at the Syahida Vocational High School (SMK). This study used descriptive qualitative method. Research subjects were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection techniques include: observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were school principals, student affairs, Islamic religious education teachers, and students. Data analysis techniques use data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The research results show that the implementation of Islamic Character Education at Syahida Vocational School can be seen from students praying before and after studying, celebrating religious holidays, facilitating the use of worship, and tolerance in the school environment. This is proven by data verification using a data assessment rubric, that the results of observations, interviews and documentation show that the application of Islamic Character Education can produce students who are moderate in religion. The conclusion of this research is that the application of Islamic Character Education is very appropriate for forming students who are moderate in religion. Tujuan dari penelitian Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter islami dalam pembinaan moderasi beragama di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Syahida. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian dipilih secara purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi: observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian adalah kepala Sekolah, bidang kesiswaan, Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam, dan Siswa. Tekhnik analisis data menggunakan data collection, data reduction, data display, dan verifying. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa implementasi pendidikan Karakter islami yang dilaksanakan di SMK Syahida dilihat siswa yang berdoa sebelum dan sesudah melakukan belajar, merayakan hari-hari besar keagamaan, memfasilitasi yang digunakan untuk beribadah, dan toleransi di lingkungan sekolah. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan verifikasi data dengan rubrik penilaian data, bahwa dari hasil observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendidikan karakter islami dapat menciptakan siswa yang moderat dalam beragama. Simpulan dari Penelitian ini bahwa mengimplementasikan pendidikan karakter islami sangat tepat untuk membentuk siswa yang moderat yang moderat adalam beragama.
Religious moderation without context: critical analysis of Islamic Education textbooks junior high school in Indonesia
Authors: Saparudin Saparudin , Emawati Emawati
Published: May 2024

This study aims to analyze the value of religious moderation articulated in the textbooks on Islamic Education (PAI) and Morals for Junior High School. A qualitative approach was used using content analysis techniques which carried out by unitizing, sampling, recording/coding, reducing, abductively inferring, and narrating the samples. Furthermore, data validity was conducted through a focus group discussion technique involving experts in the field of moderation and teachers using textbooks. The results found that the content of religious moderation values has not been given proper space in PAI textbooks, although it is considered to be one of the gateways for the spread of radicalism in schools. This tendency is evidently seen in the following, first, the value of anti-violence being surpassed by normatively based dominance of personal morals and fiqh of worship. Second, national values are still neglected, meaning that the concept of islah and deliberation in the arguments cited for this theme has not been further elaborated. Third, the narrative of tolerance presented is very limited. Fourth, the description of local culture is almost forgotten. For example, the Walisongo's contextualization of local culture with Islam, has not been used to elaborate the value of moderation. Therefore, these findings indicate that there is an urgent need to strengthen the values of religious moderation in PAI textbooks used at Junior High School level in Indonesia. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai moderasi beragama yang diartikulasikan dalam buku teks PAI dan Budi Pekerti SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik content analysis terhadap buku teks yang digunakan di SMP. Tahapan analisis dilakukan melalui unitizing, sampling, recording/coding, reducing, abductively inferring, dan narrating. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan teknik focus group discussion dengan melibatkan pakar bidang moderasi dan guru pengguna buku teks. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa meski mengutip ayat-ayat al-Qurán yang relevan, namun muatan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dalam buku teks PAI belum memperoleh ruang yang memadai, bahkan diasumsikan sebagai salah satu pintu masuk penyebaran paham radikal di sekolah. Kecenderungan ini nampak pada: pertama, nilai anti kekerasan terungguli oleh dominasi akhlak personal dan fikih ibadah yang dijelaskan secara normative; Kedua, nilai kebangsaan masih terabaikan. Konsep ishlah dan musyawarah dalam dalil yang dikutip untuk tema ini belum diperdalam penjelasannya; Ketiga, narasi toleransi disajikan sangat terbatas; dan keempat, deskripsi kebudayaan lokal nyaris terlupakan. Kontekstualisasi kebudayaan lokal dengan Islam yang dilakukan Walisongo misalnya tidak dimanfaatkan untuk mengelaborasi nilai moderasi. Implikasi penelitian menunjukkan adanya kebutuhan mendesak penguatan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dalam buku-buku teks PAI yang digunakan pada tingkat SMP di Indonesia.
COVID-19: intrapulmonary injection of hydrogen peroxide solution eliminates hypoxia and normalizes respiratory biomechanics
Authors:   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Urakov Aleksandr ,   Institute of Applied Mechanics of Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy  of Sciences, Urakova Natalya ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Published: May 2024

Severe SARS is complicated by respiratory obstruction, which is caused by swelling of the mucous membranes of the airways and obstruction of mucus, pus, and thick sputum streaked with blood. A particularly significant decrease in airiness occurs in the peripheral regions of the lungs. This is why the air introduced through the upper respiratory tract does not reach the alveoli, primarily in the peripheral regions of the lungs. Under these conditions, traditional ventilation of the lungs provides a back-and forth movement of air only in the trachea, large and small bronchi, since only these parts of the respiratory tract remain not clogged with mucus and pus. But these parts of the respiratory tract do not provide effective oxygenation of the patient's blood. Therefore, conventional mechanical ventilation (ALV) cannot normalize the biomechanics of breathing until the respiratory obstruction is eliminated. Therefore, with the inhibition of the biomechanics of respiration caused by respiratory obstruction, it is now customary to oxygenate the blood by the extrapulmonary route - using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). However, ECMO is a very dangerous and poorly accessible method of treatment. Therefore, to save the life of patients with severe hypoxia, it is proposed to urgently restore pulmonary oxygenation of the blood by oxygenating the lungs by injecting a solution of a pus solvent into the peripheral regions of the lungs. At the same time, intrapulmonary injection of an alkaline peroxide solvent of pus ensures the immediate appearance of oxygen gas in the peripheral parts of the respiratory tract, since pus and blood veins contain the enzyme catalase, which immediately decomposes hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water gas. In this case, mucus, pus and sputum streaked with blood immediately turn into oxygen foam, which is easily removed through the upper respiratory tract to the outside.
System of mutual loading of auxiliary electric machines with coverage of losses from mechanical power sources
Authors: Shapovalov O. S.
Published: May 2024

Purpose. Increasing the level of safety and reducing the cost of rolling stock maintenance is an urgent problem for Ukrainian railways today. Existing test benches for auxiliary machines are usually built according to the scheme with direct loading of the tested electric machine and do not meet modern requirements for the quality and energy efficiency of testing. In this regard, there is a need to design energy-efficient test benches for testing auxiliary machines of electric rolling stock. Methodology. To achieve this goal, we used an analytical method of research to determine the optimal structure of the test bench. The paper considers the voltage balance diagram in the mutual load system. Separately, the calculations are presented, on the basis of which the design diagrams of the electrical and mechanical parts of the test bench are constructed, and the conditions for covering all losses in the mutual load system are determined using the design diagrams. Findings. In the course of the research, the power balance equation in the mutual load system was obtained. On the basis of the equations, a model of a mutual load system with coverage of all losses from a single source of mechanical power was built. The main advantage of the developed model is that it can be implemented both by numerical calculations using composite systems of equations and by object-oriented programming in specialized software systems. Originality. A rational scheme for testing auxiliary machines with the coverage of losses from a single source of mechanical power is proposed. The use of a single power source can significantly reduce the additional consumption of electrical energy due to the more efficient use of auxiliary equipment, in particular, a mechanical power source. Practical value. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to determine the parameters of the scheme for testing auxiliary machines at the design stage of the test bench. Implementation of the research results at auxiliary machine repair enterprises will reduce electricity consumption for post-repair testing due to the higher energy efficiency of the test scheme.
Aproximación documental al valor del envejecimiento exitoso
Authors: García Gómez Sara María , Cuartas Osorio Laura , Montoya Agudelo César Alveiro
Published: May 2024

Este capítulo es el resultado de un estudio documental que tuvo como objetivo analizar el valor del envejecimiento exitoso basado en el modelo de selección, optimización, compensación (SOC) como necesidad para el desarrollo de prácticas de gestión humana. La metodología se centró en la búsqueda de información a través de criterios como: modelo SOC, envejecimiento laboral exitoso, estrategias de selección, estrategias de optimización y estrategias de compensación (todas relacionadas con el envejecimiento); la búsqueda se realizó en diferentes bases de datos tales como: Redalyc, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo y Google Académico. Pese a los escasos hallazgos en el territorio nacional sobre estrategias y metodologías, se perciben condiciones que ponen en línea fundamental la existencia de una mirada organizacional orientada a promover el bienestar de sus trabajadores más adultos, de tal forma que puedan tener un proceso de adaptación permanente a las demandas de la organización sin afectar su desarrollo personal.
Manual para la gestión estratégica del talento humano: estudio de caso
Authors: Rivera Acevedo Astrid Elena , Ortiz Salazar Marilyn
Published: May 2024

Gestionar el talento humano es una responsabilidad que se realiza para fortalecer las dinámicas de una organización y mejorar las condiciones de las personas en las empresas, por lo anterior, el presente estudio de caso tuvo como objetivo diseñar un manual para la gestión estratégica del talento humano en una empresa comercializadora de alimentos. La metodología desarrollada fue de corte cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo y usó como instrumentos de recolección de información la entrevista y la observación, con ellas se logró determinar que la gestión estratégica del talento humano ayuda a la administración eficiente de recursos financieros, humanos y del tiempo, dado que inicia con la construcción del perfil del colaborador que se requiere de acuerdo con las necesidades de la organización, pasando por la adecuada selección del candidato de acuerdo al perfil de cargos, hasta lograr la retención del talento humano, minimizando reprocesos en su consecución. Entre las conclusiones se encuentra que, usar herramientas como flujogramas para sintetizar la información, permite que la comunicación sea óptima.
Aging, Empathy, and Cinematic Metamorphosis: Through the Lens of Agnès Varda
Authors: Lee Nam
Published: May 2024

This video essay examines Agnès Varda’s intricate portrayal of aging, resonating with Simone de Beauvoir’s call to break the silence on this subject. Composed exclusively of Varda’s film clips, it highlights her enduring engagement with aging and invites viewers to see it as a space of freedom and creative expression.
On the Nature of Human Rights with Regard to Types of Law Understanding
Authors: Dinorshoev Aziz , Solehzoda Farogat
Published: May 2024

The article raises the problem of understanding human rights in their relationship with the type of law understanding. Legal positivism, sociological positivism, theory of natural law and philosophical understanding of law (libertarian theory of law) stand out as the main approaches of law. It is noted that the normative approach involves the direct dependence of human rights on the will of the state; it does not matter the content of the right, but its formal consolidation in the law. The sociological approach, also within the framework of the legalist direction of law understanding, in contrast to legal positivism, connects human rights not with the state, but with social life, as a product of the development of society, and considers their existence not in law, but in legal relations. The natural law approach to understanding law is considered primarily as a definite stage in the development of ideas about law. Human rights in this context are considered as an expression of human freedom of choice and action, having a natural nature. However, in the modern world, such rights should be formally enshrined, reflecting the value aspect of law. The libertarian theory of Professor V.S. Nersesyants also reflects the idea of the meaning of freedom for the existence of a right that is different from the law, but recognizes the existence of human rights both natural and dependent on the will of the state. The authors conclude that the essential characteristics of human rights derived from the content of these types of law understanding in modern constitutional law have formed a symbiotic approach, In other words, the modern conception of human rights is based on all these types of law understanding.
Countering Modern Female Crime Using Special Criminological Means
Authors: Kononykhina Tatyana , Repetskaya Anna
Published: May 2024

The presented article outlines proposals for the prevention of crimes committed by women using special criminological means. Early, direct, penitentiary and post-penitentiary prevention of criminal behavior of women is considered. At the same time, the existing system of preventive measures taken depending on the degree of formation of personal deformations of female criminals is analyzed and ways to improve it are also proposed. In particular, the main drawback of the current system of preventive measures is the lack of a gender approach to this work, which does not allow taking into account the physiological, psychological and social characteristics of women when preventing their criminal behavior. In addition, at the stage of early prevention, social patronage measures are proposed for disadvantaged families and women who find themselves in difficult life situations; identification and neutralization of intrafamily conflicts; medical and social measures aimed at preventing such background phenomena of crime as alcohol dependence syndrome and drug addiction, as well as schizoid psychopathologies, somatic and venereal diseases. The church, which provides support to homeless women and women in difficult life situations, is considered as a subject of prevention. For direct prevention, a number of technical and organizational measures are listed. Particular attention is paid to penitentiary and post-penitentiary prevention, which is considered taking into account the Concept for the development of the penal system of the Russian Federation until 2030 and the Federal Law “On Probation in the Russian Federation” (2023), measures are proposed aimed at resocialization, social adaptation of women, after serving their sentence in order to prevent relapse, among them emphasis is placed on education and vocational training, work activity, psychological assistance.
Actual Problems of the Theory of State and Law in the Works of German Lawyers of the Late XX – Early XXI Century
Authors: Minnikes Ilia
Published: May 2024

The importance of the theory of state and law as a basic fundamental legal science is generally recognized in European jurisprudence. This is especially true for the countries of the Romano-German legal family. The article shows the points of view of famous German jurists, philosophers, sociologists on topical issues of the theory of state and law. It is important to study the basic theoretical and legal views of representatives of the German law school, since they, along with scientists from other countries, have made a significant contribution to the development of theoretical and legal science. The purpose of the article is to draw the attention of the Russian legal community to the works of German lawyers that have not been fully translated into Russian. The article begins with a description of the problems of methodology and justification of the chosen comparative legal research method. In relation to the theory of the state, the issues of global constitutionalism, problems of state sovereignty, changes in the role of the state in modern society, the emergence of new functions for the state, the theory of the liberal state and its criticism are considered. The problems of the theory of law raised in the article relate to the issues of the system and self-production of law, legal interpretation and non-legal interpretations, the limits of legal regulation, legal positivism, concretization in law, judicial lawmaking, the views of the Frankfurt School. Attention is paid to the problem of the value justification of law and sociocultural factors in law, the relationship between law and culture. The article may be of interest to specialists in the field of theory of state and law and comparative law.
Verbal and Non-Verbal Means of Communication During Some Investigatory Actions, Including Those with the Participation of Minors
Authors: Lebedeva Yulia
Published: May 2024

The author stresses that there are numerous approaches to defining the concept and classifying investigatory actions, however, this question is still subject to discussions. It should be noted that the procedural specifics of conducting investigatory actions involving certain categories of criminal proceedings’ participants are still paid little attention at the legislative level. Investigative actions of verbal character are a specific problem area. The core of the contents and nature of verbal investigatory actions is the speech method of conveying information, in other words, the crime scene is recreated using speech forms. Besides, it should be accepted that it is also possible to obtain information through non-speech means of communication, known by the term non-verbal communication, when conducting investigatory actions of this type.
To the Question of the Possibility of Using Forensically Relevant Information from Automated Information Retrieval Systems for Solving and Investigating Crimes
Authors: Derkach Mikhail
Published: May 2024

The author describes how investigators could use various opportunities for obtaining forensically relevant information needed to solve and investigate crimes from automated information systems and specialized software for special complexes of the information retrieval service “Sledopyt-M”, such as: information about the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation; individual pension insurance account number, information about their personal account, payments to the insured person and their salary over a certain period of time; information about opened and closed bank accounts; information on administrative practice; on the use of railway and aviation transport on the territory of the Russian Federation through the technical complex “Rozysk-Magistral” and others. The degree of the implementation of these technologies was researched using the positive practical experience of the investigation divisions of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in Irkutsk Region at the district level.
On the Role of Tax Planning in Small Business Entities
Authors: Zhigas Margarita , Lavrova Larisa
Published: May 2024

The article considers: the role of small business in the economy of states, theoretical and practical aspects of tax planning, tax burden management based on a critical analytical analysis of publications and the role of methodologies based on the analysis of indicators with which the amount of tax payments is correlated. Globalization and the growing challenges of the information and digital economy actualize the issues of: modernization of the Russian tax system in order to reduce the tax burden on business; simplification of the current system, increasing the importance of tax planning for all commercial organizations and small businesses as the most significant. The analysis of practical situations and financial indicators of small business enterprises gives grounds to assert that the management of the tax burden at small businesses is not carried out effectively enough, and with the use of illegal and labor-intensive methods. In addition, it is often associated with high risks for the "viability" of businesses and owners, since the optimization (minimization) of taxation is carried out using illegal methods and turns into tax evasion. In the course of the study, the author's methodology for calculating the smoothed integral indicator based on the use of tax burden coefficients for revenue, gross profit and net profit was tested.
The results can be used by the management of commercial organizations to manage the tax burden, as well as by government agencies to optimize tax policy.
Hydrochemistry of Lake Onega According to the Results of Research in 2022
Authors: Sinyakova Maria , Krylova Yulia , Ekimova Svetlana , Ponomarenko Anna , Grebennikov Viktor
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the hydrochemical characteristics of the water of Lake Onega in 2022. Some of the hydrochemical parameters were determined by in situ probes, some later in the laboratory. Most samples are characterized by a high degree of oxygen saturation, a high pH level, low concentrations of biogenic elements and dissolved forms of heavy metal ions, but a sufficiently high content of petroleum hydrocarbons. At the same time, the areas of the lake where the hydrochemical characteristics differ in originality are marked. The high vulnerability of the lake ecosystem in combination with anthropogenic load, which may increase in the future, ensure the relevance of monitoring the state of the waters of Lake Onega.