bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unusual Course of the p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate Esters Cleavage by 3-Hydroxyiminoalkylpyridinium Salts in Micellar Solutions
Authors: Kotoucová Hana , Mazac Jirí , Cibulka Radek , Hampl František , Liška František
Published: September 2003

Two types of amphiphilic quanternary 3-pyridinium ketoximes with different position of the hydrophobic alkyl chain were synthesized and tested as hydrolytic micellar catalysts. A considerable positive deviation from the expected first-order curve was observed in the absorbance vs time plot when p-nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphate and p-nitrophenyl diethyl phosphate were hydrolyzed in micellar solutions of the prepared ketoximes under pseudo-first-order reaction conditions.
The Phenylthio Group as a New Substituent on the 2-Position of Sterically Protected 1-Phosphaethenes
Authors: Ito Shigekazu , Yoshifuji Masaaki
Published: September 2003

The phenylthio group was introduced to the sterically protected phosphaethene-system and 1-(phenylthio)-2-(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-2-phosphaethenyllithium was generated. It has been shown that the lithium reagent behaves like a halo-derivative, in terms of elimination, metalation, and coupling reaction, while the E/Z isomerization was observed for the phenylthio-derivative, and a 1,4-diphospha-1,3-butadiene as an oxidative coupling product was analyzed by X-ray.
Structures of New Pectenotoxin Analogs, Pectenotoxin-2 Seco Acid and 7-epi-Pectenotoxin-2 Seco Acid, Isolated from a Dinoflagellate and Greenshell Mussels
Authors: Daiguji Masayuki , Satake Masayuki , James Kevin J , Bishop Alan , MacKenzie Lincoln , Naoki Hideo , Yasumoto Takeshi
Published: September 2003

Two new pectenotoxin analogs, pectenotoxin-2 seco acid (PTX2SA) and 7-epi-pectenotoxin-2 seco acid (7-epi-PTX2SA), were isolated from the dinoflagellate Dinophysis acuta and greenshell mussels, Perna canaliculus. Their structures were elucidated by NMR and negative ion FAB CID MS/MS experiments.
Photoelectrochemical Fabrication of Submicrometer Platinum Pattern on Titanium Dioxide Single Crystal Surface
Authors: Ishii Hidekazu , Juodkazis Saulius , Matsuo Shigeki , Misawa Hiroaki
Published: September 2003

Submicrometer patterning of TiO2-rutile single crystal surface by Pt was accomplished by means of photocatalytic reduction of PtCl2−4 to Pt in an aqueous solution of H2PtCl6. The patterns of Pt were fabricated along focal point traces of 380 nm wavelength excitation laser beam on the surface of rutile substrates.
Fabrication of Nickel Dots Using Selective Electroless Deposition on Silicon Wafer
Authors: Osaka Tetsuya , Takano Nao , Komaba Shinichi
Published: September 2003

The selective deposition of nickel on n-Si(100) wafer in aqueous solution was investigated. It was confirmed by cross-sectional FE-TEM examination that the deposition of nickel occurred from a solution of nickel ions prepared by excluding the hypophosphite reducing agent from the conventional electroless nickel plating bath, and that this deposition reaction accompanied the formation of SiO2. This finding shows that the electrons needed to reduce the nickel ions to the metal are supplied directly from the Si wafer. By utilizing this galvanic displacement reaction, nickel metal in the form of minute dots measuring 1 μm in diameter was selectively deposited using a silicon oxide layer as the resist in combination with a two-step process, which consisted of the first step of immersing a Si wafer into a solution containing nickel ions but no reducing agent to form nuclei of nickel metal, and the second step of immersing the wafer with the nuclei into a conventional electroless nickel plating bath to cause the growth of the nuclei to the desired size.
Synthesis of Microporous Ti-Si-O Materials from a Titanium-containing Oligosilsesquioxane
Authors: Wada Kenji , Nakashita Masashi , Bundo Masaki , Ito Kenji , Kondo Teruyuki , Mitsudo Take-aki
Published: September 2003

Microporous Ti-Si mixed oxides with high surface areas were prepared by the calcination of a titanium-containing oligosilsesquioxane with a cubic core structure, [CpTi(R7Si7O12)] (R = c-C5H9) 1b, or silica-supported 1b.
The First Discotic Metallomesogen Derived from Phthalocyaninatooxotitanium for a Novel Photoconductive Liquid Crystal
Authors: Santiago Julio , Sugino Takushi , Shimizu Yo
Published: September 2003

The first phthalocyaninatooxotitanium discotic liquid crystal has been synthesized for a novel photoconductive liquid crystal. The thermal behaviour of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octakis(octadecylthio)phthalocyaninatooxotitanium(IV) was investigated by polarised light microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction, to reveal that it exhibits two hexagonal columnar mesophases.
Formation of a Novel Diaqua Disodium Tetrakis(1-methyluracilato)palladium Complex with a Unique Supramolecular Channel Structure
Authors: Mizutani Mamoru , Jitsukawa Koichiro , Masuda Hideki , Aoyama Yasuhiro , Einaga Hisahiko
Published: September 2003

A novel [Na2Pd(1-MeU−)4(H2O)2]n (1) columnar complex is prepared from the reaction of an aqueous solution containing Na2PdCl4 with four equivalent amount of 1-methyluracil (1-MeUH) in the presence of Na2CO3. X-ray structure of 1 reveals that the complex forms an infinite supramolecular channel structure in the crystal.
Asymmetric Synthesis of 1-Alkoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol Derivatives
Authors: Poras Hervé , Matsutani Hiroshi , Yaruva Jayamma , Kusumoto Tetsuo , Hiyama Tamejiro
Published: September 2003

Reaction of trifluoroacetaldehyde with an alcohol in the persence of a catalytic amount of (R)-BINOL-Ti(O-i-Pr)2 gives optically active 1-alkoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol with high ee.
Photoinduced Dimer Formation of the Inclusion Complexes of an Indoline Spiropyran with Cyclodextrins
Authors: Zhou Jinwei , Sui Qiang , Wang Yanqiao , Tang Yingwu
Published: September 2003

The photoinduced coloured form(B) of inclusion complex formed between a long-chain photochromic spiropyran and α-, β- or γ-cyclodextrins can assemble into dimer (B2), which can in turn stabilize the coloured form.
Surface Mass Titrations of Self-Assembled Monolayers of ω-Mercaptoalkanoic Acids on Gold
Authors: Shimazu Katsuaki , Teranishi Tadashi , Sugihara Kouki , Uosaki Kohei
Published: September 2003

The acid/base properties of self-assembled monolayers of ω-mercaptoalkanoic acids on Au are evaluated by measuring the mass change during the titration of the monolayers using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). This novel surface mass titration method by QCM determined the acid dissociation constants of the monolayers to be 6.4-5.8 in pKa, slightly dependent on the chain length of the molecule. The capability for the present method to measure acid density is also demonstrated.
Bis(tetramethylene)fluoroformamidinium Hexafluorophosphate(BTFFH): A Convenient Coupling Reagent for Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis
Authors: El-Faham Ayman
Published: September 2003

The onium reagent BTFFH has been shown to be a convenient reagent for the solid phase synthesis of a range of peptides incorporating sensitive amino acids.
Temperature-Composition Phase Diagram of the Organic Alloys, λ-BETS2(FeXGa1−X)Cl4, with Mixed Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Anions
Authors: Sato Akane , Ojima Emiko , Akutsu Hiroki , Kobayashi Hayao , Kobayashi Akiko , Cassoux Patrick
Published: September 2003

The electrical properties of a series of λ-type BETS conductors, λ-BETS2(FexGa1−x)Cl4 can be controlled continuously by varying the x-value. The system shows a metal-insulator transition for x > x1 (x1 ≈ 0.5) and a superconducting transition for x < x1. The T-x phase diagram indicates that the system shows the superconductor-insulator transition for x2 < x < x1 (x2 ≈ 0.35).
Synthesis of 3-Substituted 2,3-Dehydroprolines: Oxidative Decarboxylation of Ethyl Hydrogen Acetoamidomalonate Derivatives
Authors: Osada Satoshi , Fumoto Takeshi , Kodama Hiroaki , Kondo Michio
Published: September 2003

A new synthetic method for α,β-dehydroamino acid derivatives have been accomplished via lead(IV) tetraacetate oxidation of ethyl hydrogen acetoamidomalonate derivatives in the presence of copper(II) acetate. Four 3-substituted 2,3-dehydroprolines have been synthesized by this oxidative decarboxylation.
Synthesis of Boryldiazenido Complexes from Tungsten Dinitrogen Complexes
Authors: Ishino Hiroshige , Ishii Youichi , Hidai Masanobu
Published: September 2003

The anionic tungsten dinitrogen complex trans-[NBu4][W(NCS)(N2)(dppe)2] reacted with primary and secondary boranes to give the corresponding boryldiazenido complexes, among which trans-[W(NCS)(N=NBHCMe2CHMe2)(dppe)2] was structurally determined. A related boryldiazenido complex was also obtained by the reaction of trans-[W(N2)2(dppe)2] with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. These reactions provide the first examples of boration of coordinated dinitrogen.
O,O′-Di(2-pyridyl) Thiocarbonate as an Efficient Reagent for the Preparation of Carboxylic Esters from Highly Hindered Alcohols
Authors: Saitoh Katsuyuki , Shiina Isamu , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: September 2003

Various carboxylic esters were obtained in high yields from free carboxylic acids and several alcohols including bulky ones by using O,O′-di(2-pyridyl) thiocarbonate and a catalytic amount of DMAP.
Preparation of Amphiphilic Polysilanes Bearing Chiral Pendant Ammonium Moieties
Authors: Terunuma Daiyo , Nagumo Koji , Kamata Norihiko , Matsuoka Koji , Kuzuhara Hiroyoshi
Published: September 2003

The synthesis and characterization of new amphiphilic polysilanes containing chiral pendant ammonium groups are described. Chloromethylation of polyhexylphenylsilane (PHPS) was carried out to give p-chloromethylated PHPS (1). 1 was treated with optically active N,N-dimethyl-α-methylbenzylamine to give an amphiphilic polysilane. The polymer prepared was soluble in water, ethanol and acetonitrile. The circular dichromic spectrum of the polymer in ethanol showed that the the polymer had a screw-sense main chain.
Imidazole Improves Specificity of PCR by Suppressing the Product-Priming Outgrowth
Authors: Eli Pharhad , Husimi Yuzuru
Published: September 2003

Imidazole eliminates the multiple sub-bands when random pool DNA is used as template for PCR. It is suggested that imidazole as a denaturant improves the specificity by suppressing the sub-bands outgrowth using the formerly amplified template as primer.
Facile Synthesis of Aziridines from Imines and Diazoesters or Aldehydes, Amines, and Diazoesters Using a Catalytic Amount of Lanthanide Triflate
Authors: Nagayama Satoshi , Kobayashi Shu
Published: September 2003

In the presence of a catalytic amount of lanthanide triflate (Ln(OTf)3), imines reacted with ethyl diazoester in hexane at room temperature to afford the corresponding aziridines in high yields with high diastereoselectivities. Based on these reactions, three-component reactions of various types of aldehydes, an amine, and ethyl diazoester have been developed to provide a general efficient route to aziridine derivatives.
An Unexpected Elimination of Cyclopentadienide Anion in the Reaction of Silacyclohexadienes with a Bulky Aryllithium
Authors: Wakita Keiji , Tokitoh Norihiro , Okazaki Renji
Published: September 2003

The reaction of silacyclohexadienes with an extremely hindered aryllithium, TbtLi (Tbt = 2,4,6-tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]phenyl), gave no expected Tbt-subsituted silacyclohexadienes but trihydrosilane, TbtSiH3, via the elimination of cyclopentadienide anion. By contrast, 1,1-difluoro-1-silacyclohexa-2,4-diene underwent a normal substitution though the yield was very low.
Formation of Ordered Monolayer of Anionic Silica Particles on a Cationic Molecular Layer
Authors: Yonezawa Tetsu , Onoue Shin-ya , Kunitake Toyoki
Published: September 2003

Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements and scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of defect-free monolayer of anionic silica nanoparticles on a solid substrate coated with a cationic organized molecular layer.
Deprotonated Copper(II) Complex with a Tripod Ligand Involving Three Imidazole Groups: A Two-Dimensional Chiral Honey-Comb Structure Made by Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Mimura Masaaki , Matsuo Toshihiro , Motoda Yuri , Matsumoto Naohide , Nakashima Toshio , Kojima Masaaki
Published: September 2003

Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of the deprotonated complex with a tripod hexadentate ligand involving three imidazole groups were reported. The deprotonated complex assumed a chiral two-dimensional quasi-honey-comb structure made by the network of hydrogen bonds.
A pH-Sensitive Contrast Agent for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Authors: Mikawa Masahito , Miwa Naoto , Bräutigam Matthias , Akaike Toshihiro , Maruyama Atsushi
Published: September 2003

A pH-sensitive MRI contrast agent whose signal intensity is activated only at the lower pH was newly designed to establish a novel imaging concept which depict microenvironment differences in pathophysiological features of damaged tissues.
Supramolecular Assemblies Comprised of One-Dimensional Mixed Valence Platinum Complex and Anionic Amphiphiles in Organic Media
Authors: Kimizuka Nobuo , Oda Noriko , Kunitake Toyoki
Published: September 2003

A novel class of one-dimensional supramolecular assembly dispersed in organic media was prepared from halogen-bridged mixed valence platinum complex and anionic amphiphiles. Their intervalence absorption characteristics and nanostructures varied depending on the chemical structure of amphiphiles.
Preparation and Utility of Novel Water-Tolerant Higher-Order Lanthanoid Alkoxide Complexes as a Base Catalyst
Authors: Kamaura Masahiro , Daikai Kazuhiro , Hanamoto Takeshi , Inanaga Junji
Published: September 2003

A series of higher-order lanthanoid-lithium mixed-alkoxide complexes have been prepared as a novel water-tolerant base catalyst which effectively promotes the Robinson-type reaction in the presence of water.
Frequency Effect of Ultrasound on Debromination of Stilbenedibromides with Zinc Powder
Authors: Atobe Mahito , Kado Yoshifumi , Nonaka Tsutomu
Published: September 2003

Stereoselectivity in the debromination of dl-stilbenedibromide with zinc powder remakably depended on the frequency of ultrasounds, while that of the meso-form did not.
An Error in Determination of Photoinduced Electron Transfer Rates in Langmuir-Blodgett Films
Authors: Sakomura Masaru , Fujihira Masamichi
Published: September 2003

In Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films consisting of viologen (V2+)-pyrene (Py) dyads, the accumulation of viologen cation radical (V+·) was observed during UV irradiation under N2. The additional quenching due to energy transfer by the colored V+· resulted in an error in determination of photoinduced electron transfer rates between the V2+ and Py moieties in the LB films. This type of error can be generally expected in LB films and self-assembled monolayers.
A Promoting Effect of NH4F Addition on the Photocatalytic Activity of Sol-Gel TiO2 Films
Authors: Hattori Akihiko , Yamamoto Miwako , Tada Hiroaki , Ito Seishiro
Published: September 2003

The photoreactivity of sol-gel (SG)-TiO2 films was enhanced significantly with addition of a small amount of ammonium fluoride (AF) into the SG-starting solution. The rate of the TiO2 photoinduced oxidation of an overlying methylsiloxane monolayer reached a maximum near [AF]/[Ti] molar ratio of 1.35 × 10−2. The apparent rate constant was as much as 8.2 times greater than of AF non-added system. X-Ray diffraction analyses clearly indicated that the principal factor is the improvement in the anatase crystallinity caused by F− ions.
Preparation of Photocatalytically Active Polyamine and Polyamide Containing Acridine Group in the Main Chain by Palladium-catalyzed Polycondensation
Authors: Kanbara Takaki , Imayasu Toshitaka , Hasegawa Kiyoshi
Published: September 2003

Palladium-catalyzed polycondensation and carbonylation polycondensation of 1,3-dibromobenzene and 3,6-diaminoacridine (proflavine) afforded new polyamine and polyamide with acridine units in the main chain. The polymers showed strong fluorescence and photosensitized reduction of methyl viologen.
Hydroxyapatite Formation on/in Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel Matrices Using a Novel Alternate Soaking Process
Authors: Taguchi Tetsushi , Kishida Akio , Akashi Mitsuru
Published: September 2003

A novel method of hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation on/in a three-dimensional hydrogel matrix was developed. This method is based on the widely-known wet synthesis of HAp and is alternate soaking process in CaCl2/Tris-HCl (pH 7.4) and Na2HPO4 aqueous solutions. Using a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) gel as model matrix, PVA-HAp composites could be prepared and characterized.
A Solid-State 31P NMR Study of the Interaction between Trehalose and DPPC Bilayer
Authors: Hanamura Takayuki , Asakawa Naoki , Inoue Yoshio , Sakurai Minoru
Published: September 2003

While 31P solid-state NMR experiments are being carried out for DPPC vesicles mixed with trehalose, the spectra exhibit sudden changes, implying that during dehydration the trehalose molecules bind to the head groups of lipids.
Influence of Plasma Modification of Glassy Carbon Powder on Its Electrochemical properties
Authors: Kurihara Masato , Maruyama Satoshi , Oh’e Kazuhide , Ishigaki Takamasa
Published: September 2003

Spherical glassy carbon powders were treated in Ar-H2, Ar-N2 and Ar-H2-CO2 induction thermal plasmas under a pressure of 53 kPa. Electrochemical measurements were performed to elucidate the function as an anode of lithium secondary battery. Pseudo equilibrium potential profiles in the intermittent charge/discharge data indicated that the plasma-treated powders had higher capacity than the untreated sample, which would be due to the induced modification by the plasma treatment on chemical composition and morphology on the surface, as well as the graphitization in the bulk of powders.
Regioselective Addition of Alcohols to Internal 1-Aryl-1-alkynes Catalyzed by a Triangular Heterobimetallic Ir2Pd Sulfido Cluster
Authors: Masui Dai , Ishii Youichi , Hidai Masanobu
Published: September 2003

The triangular heterobimetallic sulfido cluster[(Cp*Ir)2(μ3-S)2PdCl2] prepared from [PdCl2(cod)] and [Cp*IrCl(μ-SH)2IrCp*Cl] was found to catalyze the addition of alcohols to alkynes to give the corresponding ketals. In particular, internal 1-aryl-1-alkynes were transformed into the corresponding 2,2-dialkoxy-1-arylalkanes with high regioselectivity. The analogous Ir2PtS2 cluster proved to be much less selective.
Novel Intramolecular Rearrangement of Hepta-Coordinate Rhenium(V) Complex with Catecholato and Terpyridine Ligands
Authors: Sugimoto Hideki , Tsuge Kiyoshi , Tanaka Koji
Published: September 2003

Novel hepta-coordinate rhenium(V) complex with two 3,6-di-tert-butyl-catecholate and one terpyridine ligands was synthesized and structurally characterized. Temperature dependent 1H NMR spectra reveal dynamic behavior of the complex resulting from the site exchange of an equatrial position between two catecholate ligands.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Porphyrin-Tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane-Porphyrin Triad: Photon-Dependent Molecular Switching
Authors: Imahori Hiroshi , Hasegawa Masato , Taniguchi Seiji , Aoki Masanori , Okada Tadashi , Sakata Yoshiteru
Published: September 2003

One-photon excitation of one of the two porphyrins within porphyrin-tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane-porphyrin triad with picosecond laser pulse leads to single reduction of the acceptor by intramolecular electron transfer, while an additional delayed excitation of the non-excited porphyrin results in double reduction of the acceptor.
Synthesis of New Ni-Complexes with a Chalcogen Donor Ligand and Cyano Groups
Authors: Naito Toshio , Kobayashi Norihito , Inabe Tamotsu
Published: September 2003

New Ni-complexes [C4H9)4N]n[Ni(C8H4S8)(CN)2](n = 1, 2) have been synthesized and characterized in order to understand a change in the chemical property and electronic structure of bis(ethylenedihthio)tetrathiafulvalene molecule by introducing a transition metal with small bridging ligands in place of an ethylene group. The effect of such a metalation has turned out to be larger than that of any alkylation.
Synthesis of the First Stable Selenadistibirane and Its Molecular Structure
Authors: Tokitoh Norihiro , Sasamori Takahiro , Okazaki Renji
Published: September 2003

Treatment of an extremely hindered 1,3,5-triselena-2,4,6-tristibane derivative with excess amount of hexamethylphosphorous triamide in toluene at 130 °C resulted in the formation of the first stable selenadistibirane derivative as orange crystals. The molecular geometry of this novel heavy atom-containing three-membered ring system was definitively determined by X-ray structural analysis.
Characterization of Active Site on Cobalt-Magnesium Oxide by X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy
Authors: Izumi Yasuo , Oshihara Kenzo , Aika Ken-ichi
Published: September 2003

The geometrical order around divalent Co ion of Co-MgO solid solution was found to control the catalytic reactivity of simple decomposition of nitrous oxide as demonstrated by extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS).
Paramagnetic Organocobalt(III) Dithiolate Complex: Crystal Structure and Magnetic Property of [Co(η5-C5Me5)(C3S5)Br]
Authors: Mori Hiroyuki , Nakano Motohiro , Tamura Hatsue , Matsubayashi Gen-etsu , Mori Wasuke
Published: September 2003

The crystal structure of the paramagnetic, title complex revealed one-dimensional molecular interaction through S–S non-bonded contacts. The complex with the one-electron C3S5 ligand-centered oxidation exhibited a strong antiferromagnetic interaction in the solid state.
Synthesis of Polymer-Coated Silica Particles with Specific Recognition Sites for Glucose Oxidase by the Molecular Imprinting Technique
Authors: Hirayama Kazuko , Burow Martin , Morikawa Yoshitomi , Minoura Norihiko
Published: September 2003

A polymer layer around silica beads, composed of acrylamide, acrylic acid, and crosslinkers, was able to preferentially recognize glucose oxidase (GOD) from a mixture of proteins. Matching between the ζ-potential of GOD and that of its imprinted polymer is suggested to be important in enhancing the recognition effect.
Adhesive Substance of Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus
Authors: Maeda Mizue , Sugimori Daisuke
Published: September 2003

An adhesive substance secreted by Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus was characterized with some carbohydrate tests and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results indicated that the adhesive substance would be a glycoprotein or a proteoglycan containing disulfide bonds.
Synthesis of Silicon-containing Fullerenes
Authors: Cao Baopeng , Zhou Xihuang , Shi Zujin , Gu Zhennan , Xiao Hongzhan , Wang Jingzun
Published: September 2003

Macroscopic quantities of silicon-containing fullerenes have been synthesized by vaporizing a SiC-doped anode with DC arc discharge technique, extracted by CS2, and characterized by field desorption mass spectra (FDMS). Besides silicon-cage-doped fullerenes, in the extract some others which are supposed to be silicon endohedral fullerenes are also found.
Magnetic Properties of Bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)copper(II) Complex with 5-Bromo-1,3-phenylenebis(N-tert-butyl-aminoxyl) Having Polymeric Chain Structure
Authors: Inoue Katsuya , Iwahori Fumiyasu , Iwamura Hiizu
Published: September 2003

Bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)copper(II) Cu(hfac)2(=M) reacts with 5-bromo-1,3-phenylenebis(N-tert-butylaminoxyl) 1 to yield a complex formula [M3·12]. The X-ray crystal structure shows that it crystallizes in the space group P1, with a = 12.469(2) Å, b = 15.278(2) Å, c = 11.602(2) Å, α = 104.59(1)°, β = 111.86(1)°, γ = 88.32(1)°, and Z = 1, and contains molecules -M-1-M-1-M-aligned in a polymeric chain (Scheme 1). The magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed a structural transition at ca. 48 K accompanied by a temperature hysteresis.
Synthesis of (−)-Gleenol via C-H Insertion Reaction of Alkylidenecarbene
Authors: Ohira Susumu , Yoshihara Naoya , Hasegawa Taisuke
Published: September 2003

A spiro sesquiterpene alcohol, (−)-gleenol (1) was synthesized from (−)-l-menthol in 16 steps, using the C-H insertion reaction of the alkylidenecarbene as the key step. The absolute configuration of (−)-1 was determined to be 1S, 6R, 7S, 10R.
Preparation of Alkylidenecyclobutanes and Their Transformation to 2,2-Disubstituted Cyclopentanones
Authors: Fujiwara Tooru , Iwasaki Norie , Takeda Takeshi
Published: September 2003

The reaction of ketones with the titanocene reagent prepared by the treatment of 1,1-bis(phenylthio)cyclobutane with the low valent titanium species Cp2Ti[P(OEt)3]2 produced the corresponding alkylidenecyclobutanes. These compounds were successfully transformed into 2,2-disubstituted cyclopentanones by the epoxidation and subsequent ring enlargement. The similar reactions of the carbene complexes with carboxylic esters and thiolesters also proceeded to afford (1-alkoxy- and alkylthio-alkylidene)cyclobutanes, respectively, in good yields.
Allylation of Unactivated Ketones by Tetraallyltin Accelerated by Phenol. Application to Asymmetric Allylation Using a Tetraallyltin-BINOL System
Authors: Yasuda Makoto , Kitahara Noriko , Fujibayashi Tatsuya , Baba Akio
Published: September 2003

The tetraallyltin-phenol system was mild and effective for allylation of unactivated ketones, giving tertiary alcohols in high yields. The asymmetric allylation was achieved by a tetraallyltin-homochiral BINOL (1,1′-bi-2-naphthol) system. The addition of methanol raised the enantioselectivity to afford the tertiary homoallylic alcohol up to 60% ee.
α-Amino Amides as a Chemical Absorbent for Carbon Dioxide. Comparison of the Reversible Absorption Capacity with Commonly Used β-Amino Ethanols
Authors: Nagao Yoshihisa , Hayakawa Atsushi , Suzuki Hitomi , Mitsuoka Shigeaki , Iwaki Tohru , Mimura Tomio , Suda Tai-ichiro
Published: September 2003

Aqueous solutions of some α-amino amides have been found to exhibit comparable or better reversible absorption capacity of carbon dioxide as compared with commonly used β-amino ethanols.
Application of the Attenuated-Total-Reflection Technique to the Measurement of Silica-Gel Particle Size
Authors: Yoshidome Toshifumi , Kusumoto Hiroki , Kuroki Osamu , Kamata Satsuo
Published: September 2003

Attenuated-total-reflection (ATR) spectra of thinly deposited silica-gel particles measuring several microns in diameter were measured. The band intensity increased monotonously with decreasing the particle diameter as expected from the characteristic of the evanescent wave. The silica-gel particle size was proved to be determined by use of the ATR technique.
A Cyclic Carbazole Oligomer for Electroluminescence Applications
Authors: Maruyama Sumio , Tao Xu-tang , Hokari Hirofumi , Noh Taeyong , Zhang Yadong , Wada Tatsuo , Sasabe Hiroyuki , Suzuki Hironori , Watanabe Tohsiyuki , Miyata Seizo
Published: September 2003

A novel cyclic carbazole oligomer, which contains the EL chromophore in the main-chain, for organic light-emitting diodes is described. The device structure of glass substrate/indium tin oxide/hole transport layer/cyclic oligomer (electron transport layer)/Al was employed. The EL device exhibited green light with a luminance of 60 cd/m2 at 15 V.
Room-Temperature Molten Salt Polymers as a Matrix for Fast Ion Conduction
Authors: Ohno Hiroyuki , Ito Kaori
Published: September 2003

Vinyl polymers having either imidazolium group or sulfonamide group in the side chain were prepared as components to form a molten salt. After mixing, these polymers formed a molten-salt-like flexible domain in the polymer, and excellent ionic conductivity (7.52 × 10−6 Scm−1 and 1.88 × 10−4 Scm−1 at 30 °C, respectively) was observed in spite of their rubber- or powder-like properties.
Photosensitization of Porous TiO2 Semiconductor Electrode with Xanthene Dyes
Authors: Sayama Kazuhiro , Sugino Maki , Sugihara Hideki , Abe Yoshimoto , Arakawa Hironori
Published: September 2003

Solar cell composed of Eosin Y-sensitized porous TiO2 electrode treated with TiCl4 showed remarkably high photon-to-current efficiency (51% at 533 nm) and solar-to-energy efficiency (1.3%, AM-1.5, 100 mW/cm2 with UV cutoff filter). Eosin Y dimer supposed to be more efficient than monomer. Turnover number of Eosin Y for excitation was more than 2.7 × 106 cycles, suggesting that Eosin Y was fairly stable unless UV light was irradiated.
Synthesis of Transition-metal Containing MSU Mesoporous Silica Molecular Sieves
Authors: Zhang Xiaoming , Zhang Zhaorong , Suo Jishuan , Li Shuben
Published: September 2003

Novel Zr-, V-, and Ti-containing mesoporous MSU silica molecular sieves are prepared by the hydrolysis of tetraethylorthosilicate and transition-metal ion precursors in an acidic media (pH=2), with polyoxyethylene stearyl ether as template.
Synthesis of Lithiophorite with Sandwich Layered Structure by Hydrothermal Soft Chemical Process
Authors: Feng Qi , Honbu Chiaki , Yanagisawa Kazumichi , Yamasaki Nakamichi
Published: September 2003

Lithiophorite with a sandwich layered structure which is constituted by stacking MnO6 octahedral and LiAl2(OH)6 octahedral sheets was prepared from a layer manganese oxide by using hydrothermal soft chemical process. In the first step lithium-aluminum hydroxide complex ions were inserted into the interlayer space of the layer manganese oxide by an ion-exchange reaction, and in the second step the ion-exchanged manganese oxide was hydrothermally treated to polymerize the complex ions in the interlayer space to form the sandwich layered structure.
Infrared Spectroscopic Study on the Structural Property of a Trehalose-Water Complex
Authors: Akao Ken-ichi , Okubo Yusei , Ikeda Teruki , Inoue Yoshio , Sakurai Minoru
Published: September 2003

By observing the temperature dependence of the HOH bending band of trehalose dihydrate, it is found that the property of the bound water molecules changes from the ice-like water to liquid-like one at 70 °C. This finding indicates that the trehalose/water complex behave like a small size of water cluster.
In-Advance Simulation and Chemical State Analysis by Spectro-Diffractometry
Authors: Xiao Yanan , Hayakawa Shinjiro , Gohshi Yohichi , Oshima Masaharu , Okudera Hiroki , Toraya Hideo , Ohsumi Kazumasa
Published: September 2003

In-advance simulation and experiment were performed for resonant powder diffraction with the incident X-ray energy near the absorption edge of a particular element to distinguish two chemical states of that element. The simulation and experimental results demonstrated that it is possible to obtain the f′ curves for the two chemical states by measuring only a few peaks that are sensitive to f′ without increasing refinement errors greatly.
Synthesis of Highly Heat-Resistant Soluble Polymers through Hydrosilylation Polymerization between Octakis(hydridosilsesquioxane) and Diynes
Authors: Kobayashi Toshiaki , Hayashi Teruyuki , Tanaka Masato
Published: September 2003

Hydrosilylation polymerization between octakis(hydridosilsesquioxane) and diynes gives thermally stable polymers which are soluble in usual organic solvents.
Photosensitive Oligomer Formation and Laser-induced Polymerization of Aniline on a Gold Electrode Surface: A Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Study
Authors: Ishioka Toshio , Uchida Tatsuya , Teramae Norio
Published: September 2003

The process of laser-induced electropolymerization of aniline was studied by in situ surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Formation of p-coupled aniline oligomers was confirmed at an electrode potential below the oxidation potential of aniline, and the oligomers were found to be the source compound for photo-induced electropolymerization.
Imaging of Cellular Activity of Single Cultured Cells by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Authors: Yasukawa Tomoyuki , Kondo Yasuyoshi , Uchida Isamu , Matsue Tomokazu
Published: September 2003

Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) based on oxygen reduction current was used for imaging of respiration activity of living animal cells (SW-480). The addition of KCN into the culture medium paled the image of the cells. The semiquantitative analysis of the SECM responses suggested that the membrane permeability of SW-480 cells to CN− is on the order of 10−7 cm/s.
Visible-light Induced Allylation of Benzyl Halide Using CdS Nanocrystallites
Authors: Fujiwara Hiroaki , Yamashita Mayumi , Murakoshi Kei , Wada Yuji , Yanagida Shozo
Published: September 2003

CdS nanocrystallites catalyzed photoallylation of benzyl halide (BZX, X=Br or Cl) with allyltributyltin in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) under visible–light irradiation, giving 4-phenyl-1-butene. The reaction proceeds via bimolecular coupling between benzyl radical and allyl radical, which are formed by photo-excited electrons and holes pairs on the surface of quantized CdS nanocrystallites.
Time-resolved Near Infrared Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy of a Surface-confined Electrochemical Reaction
Authors: Ishioka Toshio , Uchida Tatsuya , Teramae Norio
Published: September 2003

A time-resolved surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) system was developed using a step-scan near-infrared Fourier transform(FT) spectrometer. The developed system with a submillisecond time resolution was applied to a surface-confined reaction of totally two-electron redox of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone(PQ). From the electrochemical and spectroscopic results, the standard electrochemical rate constant was calculated to be 0.08 s−1 for PQ adsorbed on a Au electrode.
LiCl Catalyzed Knoevenagel Condensation: Comparative Study of Conventional method vs Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Sabitha Gowravaram , Reddy B V Subba , Babu R Satheesh , Yadav J S
Published: September 2003

LiCl catalyzes the condensation of aromatic aldehydes with active methylene compounds either in NMP or DMF at room temperature or under microwave irradiation in dry media to produce olefinic products in high yields.
Circular Dichroism Spectrophotometric Determination of Metal Ions by Using Optically Resolved Sparingly Soluble fac(S)-[Rh(aet)3](aet = 2-Aminoethanethiolate)
Authors: Aizawa Sen-ichi , Sone Yasushi , Yamada Shin-kichi , Nakamura Motoshi
Published: September 2003

Sparingly soluble neutral fac(S)-[Rh(aet)3] (aet = 2-aminoethanethiolate) was optically resolved completely. The S-bridged complex formation of the optically active isomer of fac(S)-[Rh(aet)3] was utilized for the selective determination of metal ions by using circular dichroism spectra.
Ferromagnetic Chain Complex of Ruthenium(II, III) Pivalate with Pyridyl Nitronyl Nitroxide
Authors: Sayama Yasuyoshi , Handa Makoto , Mikuriya Masahiro , Hiromitsu Ichiro , Kasuga Kuninobu
Published: September 2003

A chain complex of ruthenium(II, III) dimer with pyridyl nitronyl nitroxide, [Ru2(O2CCMe3)4(p-pynit)]n(BF4)n(p-pynit = 2-(4-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazolyl-1-oxyl 3-oxide) has been prepared and charactarized by the X-ray crystal structure analysis. The magnetic susceptibility data show that a ferromagnetic interaction is operative between the ruthenium(II, III) dimers and pyridyl nitronyl nitroxides.
Reversible Oxygenation of a μ-Acetato-di(μ-phenoxo)dicobalt(II) Core Complex and Crystal Structure of Its Oxygenated Complex
Authors: Furutachi Hideki , Fujinami Shuhei , Suzuki Masatatsu , Okawa Hisashi
Published: September 2003

A μ-acetato-di(μ-phenoxo)dicobalt(II) core complex of the dinucleating macrocycle, derived from the [2:1:1] condensation of 2,6-diformyl-4-methylphenol, ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine, forms a μ-peroxo complex whose structure is determined by X-ray crystallography.
Selective Detection of D-Lactulose by a Porphyrin-based Diboronic Acid
Authors: Kijima Hideomi , Takeuchi Masayuki , Shinkai Seiji
Published: September 2003

Cis-5,15-bis[2-(dihydroxyboronyl)phenyl]-10,20-diphenylporphine (cis-DBPP) bearing two boronic acid groups in a 9 Å distance has been synthesized. The absorption, fluorescence, and CD spectral changes were induced only by D-lactulose among 10 disaccharides tested herein. One can readily sense D-lactulose by the spectroscopic methods.
An Electroreflectance Study at the Bottom-Surface of a Mercury Drop Electrode Placed on an Underlying Nafion Film
Authors: Sagara Takamasa , Hiasa Hideo , Nakashima Naotoshi
Published: September 2003

Electroreflectance measurement at the bottom-surface of a mercury drop electrode on an underlying Nafion film on a cell bottom has been demonstrated for the redox reaction of heptylviologen in an aqueous solution.
Manganese(II) Chloride-Catalyzed Alkylmagnesation of 2-Alkynylphenol
Authors: Nishimae Shinji , Inoue Rie , Shinokubo Hiroshi , Oshima Koichiro
Published: September 2003

Treatment of 2-alkynylphenol with an alkyl Grignard reagent in the presence of a catalytic amount of manganese(II) chloride provided 2-(2-alkyl-1-alkenyl)phenol in good yield. Alkylmagnesation proceeded with high regio- and stereoselectivities.
Addition of Acrylamide to Amino Aldehydes to Generate Non-Baylis-Hillman Adducts. Formation of Novel N-Acylhemiaminals
Authors: Bussolari Jacqueline C , Beers Kimberly , Lalan Praful , Murray William V , Gauthier Diane , McDonnell Patricia
Published: September 2003

Aldol reactions of chiral aminoaldehydes and methylacrylate in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) produces β-hydroxy methylbutenoates which can be utilized as psuedodipeptides. However, reaction of aminoaldehydes with acrylamide in the presence of DABCO afforded the adducts derived from the addition of the acrylamide nitrogen to the aldehyde to generate N-acylhemiaminals. These reactions were found to proceed at a faster rate than the typical Baylis-Hillman reaction and also require the presence of DABCO.
Z-Isomers of Azobenzenes Highly Compatible with Liquid Crystals
Authors: Ruslim Christian , Ichimura Kunihiro
Published: September 2003

Novel guest-host liquid crystal systems containing 3,3-disubstituted azobenzenes as guests were prepared on the basis of molecular design by molecular calculations to achieve the improvement of compatibility of the chromophore with nematic phases. No phase change of nematic liquid crystals was induced by the E-to-Z photoisomerization of the guests even at doped concentrations as high as 20 wt%.
Asymmetric Anionic Polymerization of N-Substituted Maleimides with Et2Zn and Chiral Bisoxazolines
Authors: Onimura Kenjiro , Tsutsumi Hiromori , Oishi Tsutomu
Published: September 2003

Anionic polymerizations of N-substituted maleimides (RMI:R=cyclohexyl (CHMI), R=phenyl (PhMI)) were achieved by chiral anionic initiator such as diethylzinc (Et2Zn)–chiral bisoxazoline (R′box) to afford optically active poly(RMI). The polymerizability was enhanced by the accelerated nucleophilicity of the ethyl groups in Et2Zn due to R′box ligands. The specific rotations of poly(PhMI) ([α]25435 −28.4 to + 94.6°) were much improved than those initiated by n- BuLi - R′box.
Thermally Stable Aluminas for High Temperature Applications
Authors: Giannos Mary , Hoang Manh , Turney Terry W
Published: September 2003

Thermal decomposition of the ammonium analogue of the mineral dawsonite, NH4Al(OH)2CO3·H2O, yields high surface area γ-alumina. The surface area can remain as high as 145 m2/g after calcination at 1000 °C. NH4Al(OH)2CO3·H2O can also be used as precursor for alumina-based binary or mixed oxides. Treatment of NH4Al(OH)2CO3·H2O with appropriate amounts of Ba(OH)2 and La(NO3)3 led to the formation of layered aluminate structure on subsequent heating. Highly thermally stable materials with surface areas of up to 25 m2/g after sintering at 1400 °C were obtained.
A Novel Class of Organogelator Based on N-Isopropylcholamide and the First Observation of Fibrous Colloidal Aggregates
Authors: Hishikawa Yukio , Sada Kazuki , Watanabe Ryousuke , Miyata Mikiji , Hanabusa Kenji
Published: September 2003

N-Isopropylcholamide afforded three kinds of matters in organic solvents; organogels, inclusion crystals, and guest-free crystals. The gelation occurred in aromatic liquids in the presence of methanol as a good solvent, while the inclusion crystals were formed when adding ethanol, 1-propanol, or acetone as a good solvent. The guest-free crystals were obtained in benzene when using 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, or 3-pentanone. Electron microscopic image of the organogel exhibited that the network was formed by gathering of many colloidal particles of several hundreds nanometers in diameter.
Catalytic Reaction of Model Zinc(II) Complex for Active Sites of Mono-nuclaer Zinc-peptidases
Authors: Ogawa Kazuya , Nakata Kou , Ichikawa Kazuhiko
Published: September 2003

Catalytic hydrolysis reaction of amide by designed zinc-complex model for active sites of mono-nuclear zinc-peptidases has been investigated. The effect of carboxylate ligand of the model complex on hydrolysis activity was revealed by kinetic analyses.
Investigation of the Diastereoselectivity During the Addition of an Enantiomerically Pure (2-Lithiophenyl)acetaldehyde Acetal to Various Imines
Authors: Wünsch Bernhard , Nerdinger Sven
Published: September 2003

The diastereoselectivity during the addition of the homochiral (2-lithiophenyl)acetaldehyde acetal 1b to various imine components was investigated. The diastereoselectivity could be raised to 84.2% de by addition of 1b to benzylidenanisidine 2h. Removal of the tosyl and the p-methoxyphenyl protective groups of 3c, 4c and 3h/4h succeeded with sodium in liquid ammonia and ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate, respectively, to yield the enantiopure benzhydrylamines 5 and 6.
Red Organic Electroluminescent Devices Based on Novel Furan-Contained Eu Complex as an Emitting Layer
Authors: Okada Keizou , Uekawa Masahiro , Wang Yan-Feng , Chen Tian-Ming , Nakaya Tadao
Published: September 2003

A novel europium complex, Eu(DFP)3(phen)(DFP=1,3-Di-(2-furyl)-1,3-propanedione, phen=1,10-phenanthroline), was synthesized and used as an emitting material in organic eletroluminescent (EL) devices. The structure of fabricated EL devices is composed of ITO/TPD/Eu(DFP)3(phen)/AlLi(99:1). The double layered EL device emitted red light originating from Eu(DFP)3(phen) with a maximum luminance of 34.3 cd/m2 at 12 V and 25.7 mA/cm2.
Enantiospecific Formation of a Three-component Helical Structure by Spontaneous Self-assembly
Authors: Yue Weimin , Bishop Roger , Scudder Marcia L , Craig Donald C
Published: September 2003

A toluene solution of the two racemic helical tubulands 1 and 2 yields crystals of the stoichiometric product 1·22·toluene through molecular self-assembly involving simultaneous self-resolution of both diols. This composite helical tubulate structure contains parallel tubes with cross-sectional areas of 22.5 Å2.
Synthesis of Fullerene-Porphyrin Complex
Authors: Maruyama Hiroyuki , Fujiwara Masahiro , Tanaka Kazuyoshi
Published: September 2003

C60-porphyrin complex (1) has been synthesized for the first time. In this complex, two functional molecules are linked by a direct metal-C60 bond. Characterization of 1 is performed with a 1H and 13C NMR and an electrospray ionization mass-spectroscopy (ESI-MS). The UV/Vis spectrum of 1 in benzene showed the strong absorption positioned at 280 and 326 nm assigned to the electronic transitions in C60 moiety, which were red-shifted by 3 nm and blue-shifted by 7 nm with respect to those of pristine C60, respectively. A new absorption band at λmax=780 nm appeared in a longer-wavelength region. This band was assigned to metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transition from ruthenium to fullerene.
Synergy of CoAl2O4 and Al2O3 in CoAl2O4-Al2O3 Catalysts for Selective Reduction of Nitrogen Monoxide with Ethene in Excess Oxygen
Authors: Okazaki Noriyasu , Yamamoto Yoshitaka , Itoh Hidenobu , Tada Akio
Published: September 2003

A well-mixed CoAl2O4-Al2O3 catalyst calcined at 800 °C showed higher activity for the title reaction than that calcined at 500 °C as well as a roughly-mixed CoAl2O4-Al2O3 catalyst. The results of characterization suggested that in a CoAl2O4-Al2O3 catalyst the synergy of CoAl2O4 and Al2O3 particles at their interfaces is a critical factor causing its high activity.
Micro-rings of Manganese Dioxide Nanocrystals on Mica
Authors: Yamamoto Sadaaki , Matsuoka Osamu , Sugiyama Shoko
Published: September 2003

Circularly ordered self-assembly (micro-ring) of manganese dioxide nanocrystals were formed simply by dewetting a manganese dioxide colloidal aqueous solution on mica. The balance between the repulsive force of the nanocrystals and the compressive force of shrinking droplets plays an important role in forming this peculiar nanosize assembly.
Synthesis and Reactions of the First Stable 1-Germaallene
Authors: Tokitoh Norihiro , Kishikawa Kuniyuki , Okazaki Renji
Published: September 2003

The first stable 1-germaallene was synthesized by treatment of an extremely hindered alkylidenetelluragermirane with a large excess amount of hexamethylphosphorous triamide or by reductive dechlorination of the corresponding overcrowded (1-chlorovinyl)chlorogermane with t-butyllithium in THF. The germaallene was isolated as a colorless solid by the latter synthetic method and found to be fairly stable even in solution at room temperature, although it underwent an intramolecular cyclization at 80 °C in benzene.
Synthesis of Borosilicate Zeolites by Dry Gel Conversion (DGC) Method
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Rajib , Kubota Yoshihiro , Sugi Yoshihiro
Published: September 2003

Synthesis of borosilicate zeolites, namely [B]-BEA, [B]-MFI and [B]-MTW by dry gel conversion (DGC) method was described for the first time. Phase selection and thereby the outcome of the product was dependent upon the gel composition, mainly on the SiO2/B2O3 ratio and the TEAOH content.
A New 2,2′-Bipyridinium Salt with Pink Electrochromism for the Modification of Nanocrystalline TiO2-Electrodes
Authors: Boehlen Raetus , Felderhoff Michael , Michalek Ralf , Walder Lorenz
Published: September 2003

A nanocrystalline TiO2 thin film electrode on conductive glass was modified with a new 2,2′-bipyridinium salt. Deep pink electrochromism of moderate stability was observed.
Facile and Selective Alkylation of 3,3,3-Trifluoropropene Oxide (TFPO) with Organoaluminum Reagents via Pentacoordinate Trialkylaluminum Complexes
Authors: Ooi Takashi , Furuya Mayumi , Maruoka Keiji
Published: September 2003

A new organoaluminum-promoted selective alkylation of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene oxide (TFPO) with several nucleophiles has been developed which involves the chelation-activated addition to fluoro epoxides via pentacoordinate trialkylaluminum complexes.
New Family Member of Hydrogen Molybdenum Bronze, HxMoO3
Authors: Eda Kazuo , Sukejima Ai , Matsuura Naomi , Sotani Noriyuki
Published: September 2003

We found out a new family member of hydrogen molybdenum bronze, HxMoO3. The phase exhibited the monoclinic system and appeared as a single phase in the region of 0.45 > x > 0.25. Its interlayer spacing varied largely depending on the hydrogen content.
Protein Assembly on Solid Surfaces by Gel-Assisted Transfer (GAT) Technique
Authors: Kimizuka Nobuo , Fujikawa Shigenori , Kunitake Toyoki
Published: September 2003

Water soluble proteins –ferritin and hemoglobin– were spread on the surface of agarose gel, and transferred to solid substrates via contact with solid substrates. Formation of monolayer and multimeric layers of proteins was confirmed by electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy.
Trioxane Derivative as an Acid Amplifier Exhibiting a Non-linear Organic Reaction
Authors: Arimitsu Koji , Ichimura Kunihiro
Published: September 2003

2,4,6-Tris[2-(p-toluenesulfonyloxy)ethyl]-1,3,5-trioxane was prepared to be subjected to the acid-catalyzed decomposition to release three p-toluenesulfonic acid molecules which were able to act as an acid amplifier to enhance the photosensitivity of a chemically amplified photoresist.
Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 in Micropores
Authors: Yamamoto Toshio , Hirota Kouske , Tryk Donald A , Hashimoto Kazuhito , Fujishima Akira , Okawa Masafumi
Published: September 2003

CO2 electroreduction was examined on high area nickel electrocatalysts supported on activated carbon fibers, which contain slit-shaped pores with widths on the order of nanometers. The current efficiency for CO2 reduction to CO reached values of 70%. In contrast, much smaller amounts of CO were generated for the same type of high area nickel catalyst supported on non-activated carbon fibers. The enhancement of the CO2 reduction selectivity with the microporous support is thought to include a nanospace effect, which gives rise to high pressure-like effects at ambient pressure.