Methodology for assigning security objects to a certain risk category
Authors:   Department of Supervision and Preventive Work of EMERCOM of Russia, Zobkov D. V. , Ryzhikov A. I. ,   Department of Supervision and Preventive Work of EMERCOM of Russia, Poroshin A. A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Protection of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2020

Introduction. In accordance with the provisions of Federal law No. 248-FZ of July 31, 2020 "On state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation", a methodology has been developed for determining criteria for assigning protection objects to certain categories of risk of causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to legally protected assets as a result of fire. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to develop a procedure for assigning protection objects to a certain category of causing harm (damage) risk based on estimates of the probability of fires with the corresponding severity of consequences. Methods. To form criteria for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk, such concepts are formalized as: the probability of an event (fire) with the corresponding consequences; the acceptable level of risk of causing harm (damage) in a fire. Based on these concepts, the indicator "severity of potential negative consequences of fire" was determined, which allows performing quantitative calculations for assigning protection objects to a certain risk category. Results and discussion. The international experience of reforming fire safety compliance checks and implementing a risk-based approach is considered. Using the indicator of "the level of severity of potential negative consequences of fire", risk categories were determined for groups of protection objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and classes of functional fire hazard. To assess dynamic changes that take into account the individual characteristics of objects of protection, when determining the risk category, an approach to the formation of such a concept as the "index of individualization of a controlled person" is proposed. This index takes into account the individual characteristics of the object of protection that affect the level of its fire safety, as well as information about the integrity of the controlled person, which characterize the carrying out of fire protection measures on the object of protection, the implementation of an independent risk assessment, the conclusion of a voluntary insurance contract, etc. Conclusions. A methodology has been developed for determining criteria for assigning protection objects to certain categories of risk of causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to legally protected estimates as a result of fire. The provisions of the proposed methodology formed the basis of the decree of the Russian Federation Government No. 1662 of October 12, 2020 "On amendments to the Regulations on Federal state fire supervision", which regulates the procedure and criteria for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk in the field of fire safety. Key words: risk-based approach, object of protection, probability of negative events, acceptable level of risk, index of individualization, integrity of the controlled person, fire prevention measures.