bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative clinical efficacy of Murraya koenigii gel and chlorhexidine gluconate gel for improvement of oral health
Authors: AVISHEK BHATTACHARJEE
Published: September 2024

Comparative clinical efficacy of Murraya koenigii gel and Chlorhexidine gluconate gel for improvement of oral health
Introduction: Gingivitis is a non-destructive, plaque induced disease that causes inflammation of the gums. Chlorhexidine is regarded as the gold standard agent due to its chemical substantivity and clinical efficacy in chemical plaque control.  Nowadays, herbal products are widely substituting synthetic antimicrobials due to their minimal side effects and cost effectiveness. Murraya koenigii (curry leaf) is an easily available green leaf in the Indian subcontinent, known for its antimicrobial, antioxidative, and cytotoxic activity.
Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of M. koenigii gel in reduction of plaque and gingivitis when compared with commercially available Chlorhexidine (Hexigel) gel.
Materials and Method: This single center, randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out among 40 participants with moderate gingivitis. After scaling, they were divided into two groups: Group I (control) and Group II (Test) [n=20] and were instructed to use Chlorhexidine gel and M. koenigii gel respectively. Clinical parameters (PI & GI) were recorded on baseline and 15 days later. Student’s paired t‑test and independent t-test were used for intra and inter group comparison of clinical parameters.
Results: On intra-group comparison, both the groups showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001).  Inter-group comparison, showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. (P > 0.05)
Conclusion: M. koenigii gel is equally effective as Chlorhexidine gel, in treating plaque induced gingivitis.
Editorial: a Rede de Educação Matemática (REM-Ne) e as articulações entre teorias, formação docente e práticas pedagógicas
Authors: Santana Eurivalda Ribeiro dos Santos , Castro Juscileide Braga de , Pinheiro Joserlene Lima
Published: September 2024

Este editorial destaca a contribuição da Rede de Educação Matemática do Nordeste (REM-Ne) para a formação docente e para práticas pedagógicas no Ensino de Matemática. Composta por pesquisadores de 11 universidades brasileiras, a REM-Ne promove a integração entre teoria e prática, com foco em ações na Educação Básica. Os artigos abordam temas como gamificação, ensino de estatística, Educação alimentar, interdisciplinaridade e equidade, mostrando como essas abordagens e temas podem contribuir para o ensino de Matemática e para a formação de professores. A edição reflete a importância de conectar a pesquisa acadêmica com as realidades escolares, promovendo uma Educação contextualizada e significativa.
Palavras-chave: REM-Ne; Educação Matemática; Ensino de Matemática; Formação de Professores.
Composite subsystem symmetries and decoration of sub-dimensional excitations
Authors: Vadali Avi , Wang Zongyuan , Dua Arpit , Shirley Wilbur , Chen Xie
Published: September 2024

Flux binding is a mechanism that is well-understood for global symmetries. Given two systems, each with a global symmetry, gauging the composite symmetry instead of individual symmetries corresponds to the condensation of the composite of gauge charges belonging to individually gauged theories and the binding of the gauge fluxes. The composite charge that is condensed is created by a ``short’’ string given by the new minimal coupling corresponding to the composite symmetry. This paper studies what happens when combined subsystem symmetries are gauged, especially when the component charges and fluxes have different sub-dimensional mobilities. We investigate 3+1D systems with planar symmetries where, for example, the planar symmetry of a planon charge is combined with one of the planar symmetries of a fracton charge. We propose the principle of Remote Detectability to determine how the fluxes bind and potentially change their mobility. This understanding can then be used to design fracton models with sub-dimensional excitations that are decorated with excitations having nontrivial statistics or non-Abelian fusion rules.
Virtual diagnosis of a combined pathology of the thyroid gland in a child with prolonged febrility
Authors: Putintsev A. N. , Safonova M. P. , Nikolsky D. A. , Korolenok E. M. , Kursova T. S. , Gusev K. Ja.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study is to show the application of the case method for studying diagnosis of rare diseases on a specific example.

   The article presents the possibilities of virtual diagnosis of a clinical case — a child with congenital hypothyroidism complicated by fever of unclear genesis. The authors presented a web application that allows reproducing the process of differential diagnosis in order to clarify the genesis of prolonged subfebrile fever. At each stage of virtual diagnosis, a user is supposed to analyze all the information about the patient and make a decision: plan further examination, «refer» the patient to specialists for consultations, while forming diagnostic hypotheses. As a result of passing the case, the integral score — the sum of points for correct answers — is calculated and displayed on the screen. Repeated performing of virtual diagnosis usually increases the score, and, most importantly, helps to consolidate the knowledge necessary for correct diagnosis. Interactive clinical case can be used in the training process of clinical residents, medical students as an additional tool. It can also be applied for pediatricians’ professional upgrade for they can be exposed to this pathology. Application of case method in education allows to guide the learning physician through the stages of virtual diagnosis, to evaluate the accuracy of his decisions and to explain the mistakes made while solving the case.
Professional responsibility of a medical professional and patient safety from the perspective of a clinician
Authors: Lazarev V. V. , Krapivkin A. I.
Published: September 2024

Responsibility of medical professionals has been discussed with varying degrees of intensity for many years among healthcare professionals and in the media. The established practice of holding a medical professional accountable when claims are received from patients and their legal representatives in the event of unfavorable treatment outcomes indicates that the guilt of a specialist in most cases is determined by his or her actions or inactions. The authors give arguments and discuss that, along with errors that occur directly to the medical professional, there are factors that influence the outcome of the treatment, including those caused by the characteristics of the patient himself, which cannot be foreseen and which generally remain unknown to the society.
Disorders of word formation in adolescents under operation for congenital heart defects
Authors: Rumiantseva А. А. , Kameneva V. А. , Potapova N. V.
Published: September 2024

Literary data on the speech status of children with congenital heart defects are presented. The results of a study of word-formation function in adolescents after radial correction of septal congenital heart defects are described.

   Purpose. To assess the speech status of adolescents operated on for congenital heart defects using the example of word formation.

   Material and methods. A prospective study of the word-formation function of 37 adolescents in the early postoperative period after radical correction of septal heart defects under artificial circulation was conducted at the Research Institute of Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases.

   Results. The most difficult task was the formation of diminutive nouns. The respondents completed this task with a score of 55.31 %. Teenagers coped better with tasks on the formation of different categories of adjectives. Score of the task of forming relative adjectives — 60.54 %. The children coped with the task of forming possessive adjectives even more successfully — by 63.24 %. The respondents were most successful in completing the task of forming qualitative adjectives — by 81.44 %.

   Conclusion. Despite successful cardiac surgery, patients require interdisciplinary monitoring in the postoperative period.
Analysis of The Effect of Gender on High School Students' Misconceptions
Authors: Kristyasari Marantika Lia , Pongkendek Jesi Jescen
Published: September 2024

Misconceptions are a problem always faced in education, one of which is in the field of science, especially in chemistry. One of the chemical materials that students consider pretty challenging to understand because it is abstract, making it possible for misconceptions to occur, is chemical bonding. Misconceptions among students need to be identified quickly so they can be addressed immediately so they do not interfere with further learning. This research aims to determine the relationship between gender and the misconceptions of SMA YPK in Merauke Regency regarding chemical bonding material. Research data was analyzed quantitatively descriptively using the Polytomus Rasch Model. The respondents in this study were 76 Class X high school students who were selected using simple random sampling with 46 female and 30 male students. The research results showed that male students' average percentage of misconceptions was 31.9% (medium category), and female students were 18.6% (low type). The question indicators show that the highest percentage of misconceptions is in the question indicator for determining valence electrons; male students are 60% (medium category), and female students are 49% (medium type). Based on the overall misconception results regarding chemical bond indicators, gender influences the level of misconceptions of high school students in the city of Merauke.
The Implementation of Culturally Responsive Teaching to Improve Students' Learning Outcomes and Activity
Authors: Rahayu Binti Nuriyati , Muchlis Muchlis , Mumpuni Ariwati Wahyu
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the increase in students’ learning outcomes and activity through the implementation of Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) to solubility and solubility product material in Class XI-MIPA G SMAN 1 Kediri. This research was conducted using the classroom action research model developed by Kemmis and Taggart which consisted of plan, action, observe, and reflect in two cycles. The data obtained was in the form of quantitative data, namely learning outcomes and qualitative data, namely observation sheets. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistical techniques with percentage formulas and descriptions for qualitative data. In the pre-action, students’ learning outcomes and activity were obtained with a mean of 57.2 and 63.8. In Cycle I, students’ learning outcomes increased by an average of 80.0 and students’ activity increased by an average of 71.4, while students’ learning outcomes increased by 89.1 and students’ activity increased by 91.4 in Cycle II. The results showed that the implementation of CRT can improve students’ learning outcomes and activity in Class XI-MIPA G SMAN 1 Kediri.
The Effect of Learning Models Problem Based Learning mediate Digital Flipbook Against Learning Outcomes Student Class XI on Acid-Base Material
Authors: Natalia Br Tarigan Bika Friska
Published: September 2024

Study This aim For know influence use of learning models Problem Based Learning assisted by Digital Flipbook media to results Study students and find out difference motivation Study students being studied with Digital Flipbook media using learning models Problem Based Learning on the material sour base class XI at SMA Negeri 1 Pancur Batu. Retrieval technique the sample used in the study This is random sampling that is method taking sample in a manner random . Design used is Quasi experimental non-equivalent type Control Group Design . Research sample is student class XI-MIA 3 and XI-MIA 4 totaling 60 people . Study This using test instruments as many as 20 items question choice double and 20 non- test instruments that is questionnaire motivation Study student . Hypothesis test using the side t test right with results study obtained mark tcount t table ie 26.51 1.70, meaning there is enhancement results Study chemistry students being studied with the PBL model assisted by Digital Flipbook media on the material sour base class XI received at level significance of 5%. Two- sided t test For see difference motivation Study chemistry students being studied with Digital Flipbook media using a learning model Problem Based Learning on the material sour base class XI which if sig α 0.05 states that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected so that there is difference motivation Study student .Keywords : Digital Flipbook, PBL , Acid - Base, Learning Outcomes , Motivation Study .
The Influence of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Learning Models to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Gusman Tania Avianda , Listanty Ruri Vhirgiani , Azizah Dewiantika
Published: September 2024

Low learning activity in science students causes a decrease in critical thinking skills. This can be seen from the results of learning redox material under the Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) of 75 in one of the high schools in Cirebon. Therefore, this study aims to improve students' critical thinking skills by using the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) model for redox material in class X IPA MAN 1 Cirebon City. The research method used a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sampling was carried out by Purposive sampling consisting of class X IPA 5 as an experimental class and class X IPA 4 as a control class. The instruments used are critical thinking ability tests, observation sheets, and questionnaires. The selection of a sample based on the KKM of a class was revealed from discussions with a chemistry teacher. The development of the T-test obtained a sig value. 0.000 0.05 and an n-gain score of 0.71 with the highest category. The results showed improved critical thinking skills after being given STEM learning. Students respond very well to the teaching that has been done using the STEM model. Based on the results of the t-test and N-gain test, it can be concluded that the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) learning model can improve students' critical thinking skills on redox material.
The Effect of Android Game-Based Learning Media on Student Learning Outcomes in Terms of Self-Directed Learning
Authors: Solihah Mar'attus
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of android-based game learning media on student learning outcome in terms of self-directed learning. This study conducted in experimental research using two-way Anova design with student learning outcome as the dependent variable. The independent variable in this study is the use of Android game-based learning media in acid and base. A total 45 students at SMA N 2 Wonosari participated in this study, consisting of 21 students in the experimental group and 24 students in control group. This sample drawn by cluster random technique. The treatment group received learning with the assist of android game-based media while the control group only used textbooks conventionally. Student learning outcomes are measured using multiple choice questions. This instrument was tested before being used to examine the validity and reliability. To test the hypothesis analisys of variance test was being carried out. Result for the main hypothesis shows that there are differences between experimental group and control group on student learning outcome. Class that used android game-based learning media gain higher cognitive learning outcome than the conventional class. There are no differences in student learning outcome at any level of student self-directed learning. Also there are no interaction between student self-directed learning and student learning outcome.
Evaluating the dynamics of climate and anticipated snow cover changes on the hydrological response of rivers in the Hindu Kush Himalaya region
Authors: Shahi Rachita , Lamichhane Suraj , Devkota Nirajan
Published: September 2024

The research aims to assess the interplay between climate dynamics and snow cover changes, informing water resource management. Utilizing the SWAT model with historical and future data, hydrological responses in the Marshyangdi River Basin are examined. The model's performance confirms its ability to simulate runoff components effectively. Projections indicate a concerning decrease in snow cover area for 2030, 2050, and 2090, with declines of 2.03, 4.03, and 14.20%, respectively, attributed to global warming and human activities. Isolating climate change reveals substantial increases in stream flow, notably pre-monsoon surges under different scenarios, with projected increments of 84 and 130% under SSP245 and SSP585, respectively. Analysis of snow cover impact shows a slight increase in annual stream flow, with a 3.54% anticipated decrease during the post-monsoon period, raising concerns for water availability in the dry season. Comparing both impacts reveals no significant differences in stream flow or precipitation. Annual stream flow increases under different scenarios, driven by precipitation, with varying impacts. Climate change emerges as the dominant driver, affecting surface runoff, groundwater, and evapotranspiration. This research unravels complex relationships between climate change, snow cover, and hydrological responses, providing valuable insights for water resource management in mountainous regions like the Hindu Kush Himalaya.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre leishmaniasis cutánea en el municipio de Otanche, Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Suescún-Carrero Sandra Helena , Ucros-Alvarez Andrey , Anzola-Damián Karen Dayana
Published: September 2024

Introducción: la leishmaniasis abarca un grupo de enfermedades causadas por el parásito Leishmania. En Colombia, para 2022 en el departamento de Boyacá se identificaron los municipios Muzo, San Pablo de Borbur, Otanche y Puerto Boyacá como los sitios con un mayor número de casos reportados Objetivo: determinar los conocimientos, aptitudes y prácticas sobre leishmaniasis cutánea en los habitantes de Otanche, Boyacá, Colombia. Método: se diseñó un estudio transversal en el que se aplicó un instrumento con datos epidemiológicos, conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre leishmaniasis. Resultados: se incluyeron 319 participantes con edad promedio de 41 años, 57,4% de sexo femenino. El 76,4% presentó un nivel de conocimientos bueno; 91,8% actitudes óptimas; 45,7% y 32,2% tuvo malas y regulares prácticas. El tipo de protección que utilizaban para evitar la picadura del vector presentó asociación estadísticamente significativa con el sexo (p<0,05). Conclusiones: la comunidad tiene una óptima actitud; sin embargo, existe desconocimiento y malas prácticas en relación con la leishmaniasis. Se hace necesario realizar programas de educación que garanticen el aprendizaje e implementación de prácticas como herramienta preventiva contra la leishmaniasis.
Reprezentacje kobiet w czasach Zagłady w reportażach i słuchowiskach Polskiego Radia w latach 1950-2022
Authors: Bachura-Wojtasik Joanna
Published: September 2024

The goal of this article is to present the image of women in the Holocaust from a feminist perspective based on audio literature produced by Polish Radio between 1950 and 2022. My research included the Reportage and Documentary Studio and the Polish Radio Theater, as well as the regional radio station in Lublin. In the article, a qualitative method was employed involving content analysis, followed by comparative analysis. I sought answers to the following research questions: In what categories and to what extent was the tragic fate of Jews determined by gender? How do women remember the Holocaust? What thematic circles emerge from the narratives of and about women? What topics and issues are missing from the audio literature and what might be the reason for this? With full awareness, as well as poignancy, I hypothesize that the Holocaust lasted much longer than it is suggested by the dates recorded in the history books. The audio memoirs of the women – the protagonists of the analyzed broadcasts – preserve the testimony of the “era of the ovens,” and constitute a unique and emotionally moving commemoration of the genocide.
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie obrazu kobiet w Holokauście z perspektywy feministycznej na podstawie literatury dźwiękowej wyprodukowanej przez Polskie Radio w latach 1950-2022. Badaniami objęłam Studio Reportażu i Dokumentu oraz Teatr Polskiego Radia, a także rozgłośnię regionalną w Lublinie. W artykule zastosowałam metodę jakościową obejmującą analizę treści, a następnie analizę porównawczą. Poszukiwałam odpowiedzi na następujące pytania badawcze: W jakich kategoriach i w jakim stopniu tragiczny los Żydów był determinowany przez płeć? Jak kobiety pamiętają Holokaust? Jakie kręgi tematyczne wyłaniają się z narracji kobiet i o kobietach? Jakich tematów i zagadnień brakuje w literaturze audio i co może być tego przyczyną? Z pełną świadomością, a także z zaangażowaniem emocjonalnym, stawiam hipotezę, że Holokaust trwał znacznie dłużej, niż sugerują to daty zapisane w podręcznikach historii. Wspomnienia audio kobiet - bohaterek analizowanych audycji - zachowują świadectwo "epoki pieców" i stanowią wyjątkowe, poruszające emocjonalnie upamiętnienie ludobójstwa.
Reklama porównawcza a postrzeganie marek przez konsumentów w aspekcie badań własnych
Authors: Kristanova Evelina
Published: September 2024

Główny cele przeprowadzonej analizy stanowiło poznanie postaw, preferencji i reakcji konsumentów względem reklamy porównawczej wraz z oceną jej wpływu na proces podejmowania decyzji zakupowych. Badania sondażowe miały charakter ilościowy i jakościowy. Na użytek artykułu o charakterze empirycznym sformułowano następujące pytania badawcze: Jakie są główne czynniki wpływające na decyzje zakupowe konsumentów w świetle reklamy porównawczej? Czy konsumenci mają obawy w związku z reklamą porównawczą? W jaki sposób oceniają oni obiektywność tego typu ogłoszeń? Jakie rodzaje informacji i prezentacji w niej są bardziej atrakcyjne dla nich? Badanie przeprowadzono na próbie stu konsumentów za pomocą kwestionariusza ankiety umieszczonej w mediach społecznościowych w pierwszym półroczu 2023 roku. W opracowaniu posłużono się metodami: analizy i krytyki piśmiennictwa, analizy treści, analizy zawartości mediów i statystyczną.
Krytyczna analiza dokumentacji archiwalnej na temat ks. Aleksandra Woźnego – proboszcza parafii pw. św. Jana Kantego w Poznaniu, w kontekście likwidacji „Caritas” w 1950 r.
Authors: Mueller Wojciech
Published: September 2024

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest ukazanie krytycznej analizy dokumentacji archiwalnej na temat ks. Aleksandra Woźnego – proboszcza parafii pw. św. Jana Kantego w Poznaniu, w kontekście listu pasterskiego biskupów polskich o likwidacji „Caritas” w 1950 r., na którego odczytanie nie zgodziły się ówczesne władze państwa polskiego. Ksiądz, który opowiedział treść odezwy Episkopatu z ambony, mimo że listu nie czytał, został aresztowany na podstawie dekretu z dnia 13 czerwca 1946 r. o przestępstwach szczególnie niebezpiecznych w okresie odbudowy państwa i na ponad dziewięć miesięcy trafił do więzienia przy ul. Młyńskiej w Poznaniu.
Studium zebranego materiału pochodzącego z Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej z oddziału w Poznaniu, a także z Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Poznaniu oraz Archiwum parafii pw. św. Jana Kantego w Poznaniu, uzupełnionego literaturą przedmiotową dotyczącą historycznego okresu, o którym mowa, odzwierciedla represje władz komunistycznych względem duchowieństwa katolickiego. Przedstawiony w niniejszym opracowaniu kazus dotyczący ks. Woźnego, ukazuje tylko fragment wszelkich prześladowań, które komunistyczne aparaty PRL-u stosowały wobec Kościoła katolickiego. Tym działaniom służył sukcesywnie rozbudowywany aparat represji, dzięki któremu partia rządząca próbowała ubezwłasnowolnić obywateli powojennej Polski, zwiększając terror policyjny oraz prześladowania opozycji i przedwojennych działaczy publicznych, które trwały aż do śmierci Stalina w 1953 r.
Fenomen hikikomori i jego ukazanie w wybranych wytworach polskiej kultury
Authors: Barwińska Dominika
Published: September 2024

W artykule postawiono pytanie, jak rozpoznane w Japonii zjawisko shakaiteki hikikomori jest postrzegane i ukazywane w odległym kulturowo społeczeństwie polskim. W poszukiwaniu odpowiedzi autorka wykorzystuje teorię anomii Émile’a Durkheima i Roberta K. Mertona, a także koncepcję społecznego tworzenia rzeczywistości Petera L. Bergera i Thomasa Luckmanna, poruszając się w obszarze socjologii wiedzy. Zakładając, że społeczeństwo samo wytwarza wiedzę, począwszy od doświadczeń i spostrzeżeń dnia codziennego, poprzez obiektywizację i ponowną internalizację, przybliża rozumienie hikikomori ujawniane na forach internetowych (ukształtowane przez codzienne, rodzinne doświadczenia), następnie w wytworach kultury, takich jak sztuka teatralna, film czy reportaż radiowy oraz w opracowaniach naukowych opartych na badaniach.
Przemiany postaw względem feminatywów w polskim dyskursie publicznym
Authors: Obidzińska Konstancja
Published: September 2024

Niniejsza praca porusza tematykę feminatywów w polskim dyskursie publicznym. Opisuje zmieniające się na przestrzeni lat postawy wobec stosowania żeńskich nazw zawodowych oraz tytularnych. Autorka dokonuje przeglądu prac naukowych, artykułów popularnonaukowych oraz wystąpień medialnych (TEDx) dotyczących stosowania feminatywów i ukazujących społeczne postawy względem nich. Dopełnieniem analizy jest studium przypadku konkretnego obszaru dyskursu na temat feminatywów – toczonego w polskiej sferze politycznej w 2023 r.
An Insight into Immunological Therapeutic Approach against Cancer: Potential Anti-Cancer Vaccines
Authors: Kohli Arjun Singh , Sanyal Somali , Shyam Kaushal Radhey , Dwivedi Manish
Published: September 2024

The development of a cancer vaccine comes with its complications and designing and
developing a vaccine against foreign invaders such as bacterial and viral particles is not as complex
and multi-faceted as the preparation of immunotherapy for host-infected cells which resemble
our own body cells. The entire research and development framework of designing a vaccine
for cancerous cells lies entirely on the remarkable aspect of notifying specific interactions and acclimatising
the immune system. This review aims to compile the several fronts research-based
methodology applies to in terms of developing a therapeutic, preventive or personalised vaccine
for cancer . The approach lays focus on the identification and selection of targets for vaccine development
which have come to light as immune biomarkers. Furthemore, significant aspects of personalised
and precision vaccines and the fine line that runs between these approaches have also been
discussed.
Comparative Analysis of Circular RNAs Expression and Function between Aortic and Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Gareev Ilgiz , Beylerli Ozal , Ahmad Aamir , Ilyasova Tatiana , Shi Huaizhang , Chekhonin Vladimir
Published: September 2024

:

An aneurysm is an abnormal enlargement or bulging of the wall of a blood vessel. Most
often, aneurysms occur in large blood vessels - the aorta (Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) and
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) and brain vessels (Intracranial Aneurysm (IA)). Despite the
presence of significant differences in the pathogenesis of the development and progression of IA
and TAA/AAA, there are also similarities. For instance, both have been shown to be strongly influenced
by shear stress, inflammatory processes, and enzymatic destruction of the elastic lamellae
and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins of the vascular wall. Moreover, although IA and TAA are
predominantly considered arteriopathies with different pathological mechanisms, they share risk
factors with AAA, such as hypertension and smoking. However, there is a need for a more in-
-depth study of the key elements that may influence the formation and progression of a particular
aneurysm to find ways of therapeutic intervention or search for a diagnostic tool. Today, it is
known that the disruption of gene expression is one of the main mechanisms that contribute to the
development of aneurysms. At the same time, growing evidence suggests that aberrant epigenetic
regulation of gene function is strongly related to the genesis of aneurysms. Although much has
been studied of the known protein-coding genes, circular RNAs (circRNAs), a relatively new and
rapidly evolving large family of transcripts, have recently received much scientific attention. CircRNAs
regulate gene expression through the sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs) and can also be
used as therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Increasing evidence has implicated circRNAs in the
pathogenesis of multiple cardiovascular diseases, including the development of aneurysms. However,
the mechanism of dysregulation of certain circRNAs in a particular aneurysm remains to be
studied. The discovery of circRNAs has recently advanced our understanding of the latest mode of
miRNAs/target genes regulation in the development and progression of IA and TAA/AAA. The
aim of this study is to compare the expression profiles of circRNAs to search for similar or different
effects of certain circRNAs on the formation and progression of IA and TAA/AAA.
Prediction Models for HIV Infection in Infants: Analysis of Scoring Systems on Maternal, Infants, and Mode of Delivery Risk Factors
Authors: Latupeirissa Debbie , Akib Arwin A.P. , Hadinegoro Sri Rezeki S. , Ibrahim Fera , Aminullah Asril , Bardosono Saptawati , Ismoedijanto  , Utomo Budi
Published: September 2024

Background:

Diagnosis for HIV in infants is hard to determine, particularly in limited-
resource areas. A delay in the diagnosis of HIV-infected infants will lead to high morbidity
and mortality. The purpose of this project is to construct a model of an HIV-positive infant and develop
a useful and practical scoring system to estimate the likelihood of mother-to-child transmission
that can be applied in the field.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study on 100 subjects through medical records of infants born to
HIV-infected mothers was conducted at four hospitals and one community health center. Several
models of risk prediction scores of HIV-infected infants were then made. Furthermore, the performed
validation was performed on 20 subjects of infants born to mothers with HIV in three hospitals
by comparing the scoring system and the result of the PCR RNA examination performed at
the age of 6 weeks old.

Results:

The risk of HIV-infected infants was higher in mothers who did not receive ARV
through PMTCT programs (OR 33.6; 95% CI 4.0 to 282.2), pulmonary TB infection (OR 5.1;
IK95% 1.6 to 16.0) and vaginal delivery (OR 9.2; IK95 2.2 to 38.0%). Two models can predict
the occurrence of infected HIV infants effectively. Model 1 consists of maternal age, maternal
ARVs, lung TB infection, gestational age, mode of delivery, and sex of the infants with sensitivity
and specificity of 78.9% and 70.8% (AUC=0.817 [95% CI 0.709 to 0.926]) and likelihood ratio
score of 4. Model 2 consists of ARVs to the mother, pulmonary TB infection, and mode of delivery
with sensitivity and specificity of 73.7% and 86.1%; AUC value of 0.812 (95% CI 0.687 to
0.938) and likelihood ratio of 5. External Validation gave similar results to the Model 2 scoring
system with PCR RNA.

Conclusion:

The prediction score of HIV-infected infants in Model 2 can be used in newborns of
HIV-positive mothers as an effective and practical risk screening tool for HIV-infected infants before
the gold standard examination by PCR.
Co-existing Mediastinal Venous Malformation and Fusiform Superior Vena Cava Aneurysm in a Patient with Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Kim Gwanghyun , Kwon Lyo Min , Ye Dong A , Lee Minwoo , Do Young Soo , Song Kyung Sup
Published: September 2024

Background:

Mediastinal venous malformation (MVM) and fusiform superior vena cava aneurysm (F-SVCA) are both rare congenital vascular anomalies.

Case Presentations:

A 46-year-old male presented with acute ischemic stroke of unknown etiology. Computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed the coexistence
of MVM and F-SVCA. Diagnostic venography demonstrated a significant reduction in blood flow velocity within the F-SVCA, but failed to
identify a direct connection to the left heart system or pulmonary vein. The patient expired due to extensive brain damage caused by a stroke.

Conclusion:

This case may increase the necessity of meticulous radiological evaluation and preventive management for these anomalies, as mediastinal
vascular anomalies can result in thromboembolic complications.
Recent Advances in Prodrug Approach over Conventional Drug Therapy
Authors: Rana Nishit P. , Patel Shruti , Patel Asha , Ahlawat Priyanka , Panjwani Drishti
Published: September 2024

Background:

Prodrugs represent a strategically designed category of medicinal compounds
aimed at optimizing drug pharmacokinetics. By modifying the pharmacological action of the
drug within a prodrug, subsequent enzymatic bioconversion in the human body facilitates the release
of the active drug. This strategy has been highly effective, as demonstrated by the substantial number
of prodrugs found in commercial pharmaceutical products. Prodrugs have emerged as a recognized
strategy for augmenting the physical, chemical, biological, or pharmacokinetic attributes of pharmacologically
active molecules in the realm of drug research and development.

Objective:

This systematic review intended to offer insights into the recent developments in the prodrug
approach used in drug research and development, with a focus on highlighting its effectiveness.
The objective was to illustrate the diverse applications of prodrugs and their impact on enhancing
drug properties and therapeutic outcomes.

Area covered:

This review is centered on the most recent developments in the prodrug approach used
for drug development and research. The prodrug concept has a wide range of practical uses, some of
which are illustrated in this review article. These illustrations are categorized based on the intention
behind their creation.

Results:

Prodrugs have been designed to address challenges, such as poor water solubility and low
bioavailability. Strategies, like using neutral or charged promoieties, have been reported to be successful
in enhancing solubility. For permeability and bioavailability, prodrugs have been employed
to mask polar groups, enabling better absorption. Prolonged half-life prodrugs have been developed
to extend drug action, while tissue-targeted delivery prodrugs have shown promise in enhancing drug
delivery to specific sites.

Conclusion:

Prodrug design offers promising strategies to optimize drug delivery and efficacy. Despite
challenges, ongoing clinical trials and research efforts indicate the potential of prodrugs in improving
therapeutic outcomes. Addressing formulation challenges and understanding pharmacokinetic
variability are essential for successful prodrug development.
Synthesis, In-Vitro and In-Silico Investigation of Pyrazole Derivatives as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents
Authors: Bhandari Ankita , Kumar Nitin , Agrawal Anurag , Bhatnagar Payal , Sharma Shikha
Published: September 2024

Background:

Heterocyclic compounds with O, N, and/or S atoms are highly valuable in
drug discovery and development. Their pyrazole moieties find applications in various fields, such as
herbicides, corrosion inhibitors, electron transport materials, polymers, and luminescent materials.
Consequently, there is a pressing need in medicinal chemistry to develop new antibacterial agents to
enhance therapeutic efficacy and safety.

Methods:

A newer biologically active 1-(4-substitutedphenyl)-5-chloro-3-methyl-1Hpyrazole-4-carboxylic
acid analogue was synthesized by the para-substituted phenylhydrazine. All the synthesized
compounds were characterized by NMR, mass spectral, and IR spectrum examinations, as well as C,
H, and N analyses. The synthesized compounds were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities.
Furthermore, a molecular docking study was performed to elucidate the binding modes of synthesized
ligands in the active pockets of DNA gyrase and CYP51 (PDB IDs: 4uro and 5tz1, respectively)
for exhibiting the binding modes and predicting the mechanism of action of synthesized ligands.

Results:

Five compounds (2Rb, 2Re, 2Rg, 2Rh, and 2Ri) demonstrated significant antibacterial action
against gram-positive B. subtilis and gram-negative E. coli and antifungal activity against C. albicans
and A. niger compared to the standard drugs cefixime and ketoconazole. Furthermore, molecular docking
was employed to reveal how the newly synthesized ligands bind within the active pockets. It was
found that compound 2Rb demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, and compound 2Rg had good
antifungal activity.

Conclusion:

The current study highlights the unique structural characteristics and significant biological
activity of the synthesized compounds. In the pursuit of novel antibacterial and antifungal molecules,
these compounds could prove beneficial to society.
Advances in Nanoemulsion Formulations for Enhanced Drug Delivery: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Deshmukh Vinay , Jain Dharmendra
Published: September 2024

Nanoemulsions (NEs) have emerged as adaptable medication delivery methods with extensive
applications in both pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals. This comprehensive review
delves into the myriad advantages of NEs, ranging from enhanced drug absorption to providing
stability for chemically unstable compounds. NEs exhibit promising potential as substitutes for liposomes,
offering improved performance in various formulations. In the realm of cosmeceuticals,
NEs play a pivotal role in enabling rapid skin penetration while maintaining skin moisturization,
thanks to their visually appealing coating. Their ability to deliver active ingredients efficiently
makes them an attractive option for cosmetic formulations seeking enhanced efficacy. Moreover,
this review sheds light on the involvement of NEs in antimicrobial therapies and gene therapy, underscoring
their versatility and potential in addressing diverse medical challenges.
Additionally, NEs find applications in commercial disinfectants, further highlighting their broad
utility beyond traditional drug delivery systems. Furthermore, the review discusses innovative
strategies, such as solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SNEDDS), which offer advantages
in terms of stability, drug loading capacity, and patient compliance. By exploring these
strategies, researchers aim to overcome existing limitations and optimize the therapeutic potential
of NEs.
Probiotics in Eco-efficient Plant Growing Systems
Authors: Silva Pereira Victor Hugo , Berbert Lidiane Coelho , Cardoso Alexander Machado , Victorio Cristiane Pimentel
Published: September 2024

The understanding of plant-associated bacterial communities has attracted a lot of attention
because of their crucial function in improving plant physiology and productivity. These benefits
include bioremediation, nutrient solubilization, and stress tolerance. Notably, the use of bacteria
as probiotics in eco-efficient plant growing systems (EPGS), including hydroponics and aquaponics,
is emerging. These systems are ecologically friendly, productive, resource-efficient, and hold excellent
promises for a more sustainable agriculture. This review explores the use of probiotics in the
unique stages of plant growth in EPGS, highlighting the significance of managing nutrients and
conditions for the plant growth. Moreover, it clarifies how important bacteria are to the nitrogen
cycle in EPGS, particularly nitrifying and nitrogen-fixing species. Furthermore, it discusses the
methods for bioprospecting new probiotics, highlighting the importance of the combination of metagenomics
and conventional microbiology methods. It also highlights how crucial it is to understand
the dynamics of probiotics in EPGS for environmentally friendly plant production and preservation
in the face of climate change.
THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE EMPOWERMENT OF ZAKAT, INFAQ, AND SADAQAH IN THE GURU NGAJI BERDAYA PROGRAM: A CASE STUDY OF LAZIS NURUL FALAH OF SURABAYA
Authors: Yendi Rio Nurrachman  , Indri Supriani
Published: September 2024

Poverty is a problem that cannot yet be completely resolved, especially for Qur’an teachers in remote areas of Indonesian. Islam as rahmatan lil alamin can provide solutions to these problems by optimizing Islamic philanthropic instruments such as zakat, infaq, and sadaqah by ZIS institutions, one of which is LAZIS Nurul Falah of Surabaya in the Guru Ngaji Berdaya program. This research aims to determine the optimality of ZIS funds in the Guru Ngaji Berdaya program at LAZIS Nurul Falah of Surabaya with indicators of increasing income as a benchmark and optimization steps. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative using interview method with two managers of LAZIS Nurul Falah of Surabaya (A1 - A2) and five Qur’an teachers (B1 - B5). The results of this research indicate that informants B1 - B5 experienced an increase in income so the empowerment of ZIS in the Guru Ngaji Berdaya program was optimal. The optimization steps that can be taken by LAZIS Nurul Falah of Surabaya in the Guru Ngaji Berdaya program are being more responsive, collaboration between LAZIS Nurul Falah branches, socialization to become expert teachers, and increasing assistance in the form of business capital.
TELAAH KRITIS ETIKA BISNIS DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM (KONSEP DAN IMPLEMENTASI PADA PELAKU USAHA)
Authors: Mubarok Farhan Zaki , Fadjar Nurman Setiawan
Published: September 2024

This research aims to find out the concept of Islamic business process flow involving financing, production, and marketing within the scope of business ethics. The researcher uses the literature review method in examining Islamic business ethics by looking at the process of financing, production, and marketing as well as comparing with conventional business ethics to get a comparison of views between business ethics seen from various related literature sources. The results of this research show that the concept of Islamic business ethics can be a reference and choice for business people who want to run a business to achieve prosperity in order to be blessed in the world and the hereafter.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STABILITAS PERBANKAN SYARIAH DAN KONVENSIONAL DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2008-2022
Authors: Rizma Novita Sari  , Farah Wulandari Pangestuty
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the effects of Liquidity Risk, Credit Risk, Control of Corruption, Inflation, and Economic Growth on the stability of Islamic and Conventional banks in Indonesia. The population in this study consists of Islamic and Conventional banks registered with the OJK during the period 2008-2022. The sampling technique employed is purposive sampling, resulting in a total sample of 11 banking companies. The data used in this study are secondary data obtained from the financial statements of each bank. Bank stability is measured using the Z-score proxy. The study utilizes panel data regression with a Fixed Effect Model.The research findings indicate that Liquidity Risk, measured by the F/LDR ratio, has a negative impact on Shariah banks, while it does not affect conventional banks. Control of Corruption has a positive impact on the stability of both Shariah and conventional banks. Economic growth does not have a significant impact on either type of bank, whether Shariah or conventional. Inflation does not influence the stability of either Shariah or conventional banks.
PENGARUH AKSESIBILITAS INTERNET TERHADAP LUARAN PASAR KERJA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mahalli Fina Nidaul , Pratomo Devanto Shasta
Published: September 2024

After the Covid-19 pandemic, internet usage has increased dramatically. However, the impact of internet accessibility on the job market is still a circle in academic circles. There are those who argue that internet accessibility can improve labor market performance by reducing information distortions and increasing workers' skills. However, there are also those who argue that internet accessibility can hamper labor market performance due to a skills bias, where workers who are less skilled with routine tasks tend to be left out in the digitalization era. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the extent to which internet accessibility influences the labor market in Indonesia using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) method and Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) data for 2010-2020. The results show that in general, the internet tends to improve the performance of the labor market in Indonesia with a positive effect on wage rates and the proportion of workers in the formal sector, and a negative effect on the Open Unemployment Rate (TPT). This study suggests that the internet can increase productivity and income as well as facilitate access to information on the labor market in Indonesia.
DETERMINAN EKSPOR LADA INDONESIA PERIODE 2009-2019: STUDI KASUS 10 MITRA DAGANG
Authors: Reginald Indigo Caniggia , Iswan Noor
Published: September 2024

One of the flagship commodities with great potential for Indonesia's economic growth is black pepper (Piper nigrum L). The importance of maintaining Indonesia's competitiveness in black pepper exports, both in the domestic and international markets, has increased in tandem with the rising export volume, with the primary determinant of its competitiveness being the demand for black pepper. Data from the 2021 plantation balance sheet recorded black pepper exports at 39,961.36 tons and black pepper imports at 295.37 tons, while tea exports reached 46,003.88 tons with tea imports at 10,442.75 tons. This research aims to analyze the influence of factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), exchange rate, tariffs, and distance on Indonesian black pepper exports, adopting a research model similar to the one used by Shepotylo (2012), which utilizes econometric modeling, with a quantitative and descriptive analysis approach. The research results indicate that the Gross Domestic Product variable has a negative and significant impact on Export Value, with a probability value of t < 0.05, indicating a significant influence. On the other hand, the Exchange Rate and Tariff variables have a negative but non-significant impact on Export Value, with a probability value of t > 0.05, indicating their lack of significance. Furthermore, the research findings also reveal that the Distance variable has a significant negative impact on Export Value, with a probability value of t < 0.05, indicating a significant influence.
ANALISIS PENGARUH VARIABEL EKONOMI MAKRO TERHADAP NILAI TUKAR RUPIAH
Authors: Rayhan Danedo , Ananda Candra Fajri
Published: September 2024

Exchange rate is a key part of a country’s economic stability. The US Federal Reserve has been aggressively hiked the federal fund rates (Fed Rate), which potentially affect Indonesia’s rupiah exchange rate. Hence, it is interesting to understand the effect of Fed Rate hikes alongside other exchange rate determinants, i.e., BI Rate, inflation, trade balance, and foreign exchange reserves on the value of Rupiah exchange rate. This study uses Vector Autoregression (VAR) method to analyze data between 2018 to 2023. In line with what has often been assumed, this study found that Fed Rate hikes contribute to depreciation the value of Rupiah. On the other hand, policy reinforcement to maintain other macroeconomic indicators, such as inflation, trade balance position, and foreign exchange reserves will support the value of rupiah. Thus, it is essential for the government and the central bank of Indonesia to continuously monitor global economic policies and give adequate and immediate response to maintain Rupiah value.