bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 Accelerates Healing of Gastric Injury Induced by Ketorolac in Wistar Rats
Authors: Pratiwi Fauziah , Fardah Athiyyah Alpha , Darma Andy , Gunadi Ranuh Reza , Widjiati Widjiati , Riawan Wibi , Rizky Sumitro Khadijah , Marto Sudarmo Subijanto
Published: March 2023

Gastric injury is an event that often occurs due to many factors, such as the use of drugs, stress factors, infections, chemicals, etc. The use of histamin 2(H2) receptor antagonist drugs and pump inhibitors have become the choice for gastric injury treatment so far and requires a relatively long time. The widespread use of probiotics has been shown to affect the healing process of digestive tract disorders, for example in the small intestine. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarumIS-10506 in acceleratingthe healing of gastric injury induced by ketorolac in the rat. The experimental study used 64 Wistar rats divided into 4 groups, group 1 (control), group 2(ketorolac administration), group 3 (ketorolac and probiotic administration), and group 4(preventive treatment with probiotic before, ketorolac administration, and treatment with probiotic). Each group was divided into 4 subgroups based on the day of sacrifice, days 1, 5, 7, 10. The healing of gastric injury evaluating by epithelial defects improvement and fibroblast cells by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.The group induced by ketorolac (group 2) showed the highest epithelial defect score (p=0.048) on day 1. The repair of the epithelial defect in group 3 and group 4 were significantly increased on day 5, while group 2remains defectiveon day 5(p=0.019). Fibroblast cells of groups 3 and 4 decreased significantly more than others on day 10(p=0.024). Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 influences the healing acceleration of gastric injury by ketorolac by enhancing epithelial regenerationand fibroblast cells.
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC CRISIS
Authors: Sabytkhanova M. Zh.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the paper examines the problem of work-life balance, well-being, and intrinsic motivation of employees during economic turbulence.Methodology. Adopting a quantitative approach, this investigation analyses the data obtained from employees of governmental and private local companies. This study reviewed Hasan et al. research on managing human resources, well-being, job satisfaction, and work-life balance.Originality / value of the research. The vast majority of studies in HRM are around employee eff ectiveness. However, especially in economic instability alternative strategies such as well-being, work-life balance, and intrinsic motivation have to be investigated. Also, the Self-determination theory was chosen because it helps to understand the phenomenon by clarifying the research problem related to intrinsic motivation, social satisfaction, and psychological well-being in depth.Findings. One of the fi ndings indicates that there was no association between demographic variables and work-life balance satisfaction. The outcome of the analysis implies that obtained data is normally distributed.Nevertheless, there is lower response rate (33) could be deemed insuffi cient to ensure the data’s neutral skewness. Since the overwhelming number of respondents are female, the fi ndings of the study may be unrepresentative of the entire population. As a result, research will be carried out by gathering data.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNAL GOVERNANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: THE EVALUATION OF ADMINISTRATION AND ACADEMIC STAFF ATTITUDE
Authors: Manarbek G.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the present study is to outline and justify the role of internal governance in higher education institutions to provide an eff ective quality management.The methodology: The study is carried out using the questionnaire designed solely to higher education sector based on key peculiarities and features of an academic fi eld.The originality of the paper is that it discusses the fi ndings of the research about the role of eff ective internal governance for the eff ective quality management in higher education. Secondly, the current study is the fi rst attempt to study the role of internal governance as one of the most important pillars of quality management in higher education at the regional level.The fi ndings of the study reveal that both administrative and academic staff of higher education institution (Kazakh national university) consider the importance of developing key procedures and processes in aligning to internal stakeholders’ needs. The obtained results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed dimensions of internal governance and open new insights into the concept of quality management from the perspectives of an institution’s internal environment.
DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE IN CENTRAL ASIAN CITIES
Authors: Junussova M. , Maulsharif M. , Soltybayeva S.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the main problems of sustainable infrastructure development in Central Asian (CA) cities to achieve sustainable development.Methodology: the study of the infrastructure development in the cities of Central Asia (Almaty, Bishkek, Dushanbe and Tashkent) focusing on sustainability applied systematic content analysis, working with literature and application of knowledge gained from the practical experience. The sampling units for analysis are the SDGs, applied reforms and their impact on infrastructure development, urban governance and planning, and dialogue between city authorities and the population.Originality / value of the research. The CA countries are actively joining the global agenda to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs), adjust urban development policies and set the goal of transitioning to a green economy. However, CA cities are not yet ready to benefi t from the transition to a green economy, as they are still dependent on rapidly ageing and expensive to maintain Soviet infrastructure. This study contributes to the theory of eff ective planning and management of urban development and informs about the existing gaps in the urban policy of CA.Research results: planning and investment in the development of sustainable urban infrastructure, eff ective decentralization reforms, an integrated urban planning system to achieve economic, social and environmental sustainability, transparency in decision-making and the development of public accountability.
IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC ON CHANGING GLOBAL POVERTY RATES
Authors: Ibragimova A. A. , Makenova G. U. , Tuleubayeva M. K.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article is to study the impact of the global pandemic on the deterioration of social conditions, property inequality and changes in the poverty line. The solution of socio-economic problems around the world is connected with inclusive economic development.Methodology. Collection, processing and generalization of information when analyzing the reduction and elimination of global social inequality, changes in poverty as a result of pandemics, the amount of funding to ensure a minimum level of social protection in countries, common logical methods were used to analyze and compare materials from international organizations and foundations, domestic and foreign researchers.Originality/ value of the research. To prevent the growth of poverty at the global level, increasing the value of the article is aimed at the cluster development of the Republic of Kazakhstan based on the model of inclusive economic development by analyzing scientifi c works and world scientists and materials of international organizations, identifying shortcomings and weaknesses of social problems.Findings. The article examines the changes in global poverty caused by the coronavirus crisis, the gender gap among those who lost their jobs due to the pandemic, the impact of the pandemic on households and medium and small businesses, concessional lending by the IMF to 29 poor countries to overcome the pandemic crisis and Kazakhstan's anti-pandemic programs.In the analysis, the author examines the goals of the UN Sustainable Development Agenda for the period up to 2030, the World Development Report 2022 of the World Bank. The report analyzes the stages of concessional lending by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to poor countries and the IMF fi scal monitor, as well as fi scal measures of the Republic of Kazakhstan in response to the global pandemic.
INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Authors: Mambetkaziev A. , Konopyanova G. , Baikenov Zh.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze current trends in the dynamics and structure of the investment activity of the population of Kazakhstan and develop recommendations for increasing the level of individual investment in order to improve the welfare of the population while increasing investment in the national economic system.The research methodology includes the use of such methods as statistical and quantitative analysis of the indicators; qualitative analysis of previous research; surveys to reveal investment opportunities and preferences of the population and graphical methods for visualizing the results of the study.Originality / value of the research. The relevance of the study lies in the systematization of data on motivation, investment tools, level and structure of the investment behavior of the population in the context of post-pandemic and global economic crisis factors. The conclusions obtained determine promising areas for increasing involvement of the population in the investment process and will contribute to further research in the fi eld of fi nancial literacy of the population, stimulating retail investment in the fi nancial and stock markets.Findings. The study revealed a tendency to shift investment preferences of the population from deposits in second-tier banks to stock market instruments and low level of investment involvement of the population compared with the indicators of developed countries. The research studies investment products that appear promising for a massive attraction of household savings to the stock and fi nancial markets and suggests directions of state stimulation of the growth of investment activity of the population.
Efeitos dos determinantes sociais da saúde na hipertensão: uma revisão sob a luz do modelo de Dahlgren e Whitehead
Authors: Silva Matheus Vinicius Barbosa da , Ferreira Elaisa Trajano , Filho Carlos Antonio de Lima , Basílio Victória Karollynne Vasconcelos , Lobo Maria Julya Santos , Gava Pedro Henrique Rezende , Nunes Carolina Costa Florêncio , Correia Alicely Araújo , Silva Heverton Valentim Colaço da , Bernardino Amanda de Oliveira
Published: March 2023

Introdução: a hipertensão arterial sistêmica é caracterizada como um problema global de saúde pública, com crescente prevalência. Os Determinantes Sociais da Saúde apresentam relação com questões sociais, econômicas e culturais, e desempenham importante papel nos processos de adoecimento. Objetivo: investigar e descrever a relação entre o desenvolvimento e controle da hipertensão arterial sistêmica e os efeitos dos determinantes sociais da saúde, baseando a discussão por meio da abordagem proposta por Dahlgren e Whitehead. Metodologia: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada por meio de seis etapas. Foi realizado levantamento dos estudos nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed, IBECS e SciELO, por meio da combinação dos descritores: “Hipertensão”, “Determinantes Sociais da Saúde” e “fatores de risco”. Resultados: Foram identificados 537 estudos após o levantamento inicial, foram selecionados 12 estudos para compor a amostra. A discussão foi realizada nos seguintes eixos temáticos: fatores individuais e o estilo de vida; redes sociais e comunitárias; condições de vida e de trabalho e fatores socioeconômicos, culturais e ambientais. Conclusão: fatores como nível econômico e educacional baixo, condições de habitação e ausência de uma rede de apoio podem atuar como fatores que aumentam a probabilidade do desenvolvimento e descontrole da hipertensão, além de outros determinantes, relacionados ao estilo de vida e fatores individuais, como idade superior a 45 anos, sobrepeso/obesidade, tabagismo, etilismo, estado civil solteiro, inatividade física e hábitos alimentares não saudáveis.
Journal of Medical Research Volume 124 E5(8) 2020
Authors: Nghiên cứu Y học Tạp chí
Published: March 2023

Full text Volume 124 E5 issue 8, 2020
Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Y học tập 135 (11) 2020
Authors: Nghiên cứu Y học Tạp chí
Published: March 2023

Toàn văn Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Y học tập 135 (11) 2020
MENOPOZAL DÖNEM SEMPTOMLARI VE HEMŞİRELİK BAKIMI
Authors: PELİT AKSU Sıdıka , ŞENTÜRK ERENEL Ayten
Published: March 2023

Küresel yaşam, beklenen yaşam süresinin artmasına neden olmuş ve kadınlar artık yaşamlarının yaklaşık üçte birini klimakterik dönemde geçirmektedirler. Bu nedenle de kadınlar menopoz semptomlarının etkisini daha uzun süre yaşamaktadırlar. Menopozal geçiş sürecinde ortaya çıkabilecek semptomlar kadınların yaklaşık %85'inde görülmektedir. Kadınların yaşadığı menopozal semptomlar; vazomotor semptomlar, uyku ile ilgili değişiklikler, emosyonel değişiklikler, saç ve deri değişiklikleri, ürogenital değişiklikler ve cinsel değişiklikler, metabolik sendrom ve kardiyovasküler değişiklikler, gastrointestinal değişiklikler ve kas-iskelet sistemi değişikliklerini kapsamaktadır. Bu semptomların görülme sıklığı ve özellikleri kadından kadına değişiklik göstermektedir. Hemşirelerin, kadınlara kanıt temelli güncel bilgiler vermesi, kadınların bu bilgiler doğrultusunda bilinçli seçimler yapmalarını sağlaması ve seçimlerini günlük yaşamlarına uygulamalarına destek olmaları önemlidir. Böylece hemşirelerin eğitici, danışman, araştırmacı, uygulayıcı ve destekleyici rolleri menopozal dönemdeki kadınların yaşadıkları sorunlarının çözümünde önemli rol oynayacaktır ve kadınların menopozal semptomlarla baş edebilmeleri mümkün olabilecektir. Sonuç olarak hemşireler tarafından bu doğal süreçte rahatsız edici semptomların olabileceği ve bunların büyük çoğunluğunun uygun danışmanlıkla hafifletilebileceği mesajının verilmesi, kadın, aile ve toplum sağlığına katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu derleme menopozal dönem semptomlarını ve hemşirelik bakımını incelemek amacıyla yazılmıştır.
Badminton Genel Alan Bilgisi Testinin Geçerliği ve Güvenirliği: Bir Rasch Analizi Çalışması
Authors: DEVRİLMEZ Erhan , DERVENT Fatih , UYHAN Osman , ÇABITÇI Mustafa , DEVRİLMEZ Meltem , BİLGİÇ Mert , TABAK Ekrem Yasin
Published: March 2023

Alan bilgisi, bir öğretmenin bir konu alanını öğretebilmek için ihtiyaç duyduğu bilgi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Alan bilgisi genel ve özelleşmiş alan bilgisi olarak iki alt boyutta incelenmektedir. Genel alan bilgisi ne öğreteceğini bilmek olarak ifade edilirken, özelleşmiş alan bilgisi nasıl öğretileceğini bilmek olarak açıklanmaktadır. Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin ya da öğretmen adaylarının alan bilgisinin iki alt boyutunda yeterli bilgi düzeyine sahip olmaları beklenmektedir. Badminton, belirli bir alan içerisinde belirli kurallar çerçevesinde raket ve tüytop ile oynanan bir raket sporudur ve Türkiye’de yaygın olarak beden eğitimi ve spor derslerinde öğretilmektedir. Genel alan bilgisinin öğretme etkililiğindeki önemi ve badmintonun beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenliği lisans programları ile okul beden eğitimi derslerinde sıklıkla öğretiliyor olması göz önünde bulundurulduğunda geçerliği ve güvenilirliği sağlanmış bir badminton testi hazırlamanın gerekli olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri ve öğretmen adayları için badminton genel alan bilgisi (GAB) testi geliştirmektir. Çalışmaya dört farklı üniversiteden 121 beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş aralığının 19 ile 27 (X̄= 21.88, Ss= 4.03) arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Badminton GAB testi dört aşamalı bir süreç sonucunda oluşturulmuştur. Test geliştirme sürecine bir program geliştirme uzmanı, iki üst düzey badminton antrenörü (milli takım antrenörleri), iki üst düzey badminton sporcusu (milli sporcular), üniversitede badminton derslerini yürüten bir öğretim elemanı ve beden eğitimi dersinde badminton öğretimi gerçekleştiren bir beden eğitimi öğretmeni katılmıştır. Test soruları Yükseköğretim Kurumunun beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenliği lisans programında yer alan alt boyutları esas alınarak belirtke tablosu ile oluşturulmuştur. Testin geliştirme süreci sonunda badminton GAB testi 5 oyun kuralları, 3 görgü kuralları, 3 güvenlik kuralları, 5 teknik ve 4 taktik sorusu olmak üzere toplam 20 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Geliştirilen GAB testinin geçerlik ve güvenirliği Rasch analizi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Test sorularının 19’u gerekli içsel ve dışsal uyum indekslerini sağlamıştır. Soruların ve kişilerin ayırt edicilik ve güven indeksleri yeterli değerler aralığındadır. Sonuç olarak, geliştirilen 20 soruluk testin 19’u badminton GAB testi geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu belirlenmiştir. Beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri ve öğretmen adaylarının badminton GAB düzeyini ölçmek için geliştirilen bu testin kullanılması önerilmektedir.
Web of Science Veri Tabanında Yayımlanan Rekreasyon ve Doğal Çevre Etkileşimi Konulu Makalelerin Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: BAYRAK Ali , DEMİREL Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Doğal alanlar rekreatif faaliyetlerin gerçekleştirilmesi bakımından son derece önemli bir kaynak çeşitliliği yaratmasına rağmen bu kaynakların bilinçli bir şekilde kullanılarak sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması insanlığın elindeki tek sermaye olan çevrenin bozulmadan devam ettirilmesinin ne denli önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bilgiler ışığında bu çalışma Web of Science veri tabanında 2003- 2022 yılları arasında rekreasyon ve doğal çevre etkileşiminin tarihsel sürecine ilişkin gelişmeleri ortaya koyması ve alanda en fazla çalışılan konuların belirlenmesi için yayınlanan makalelerin taranarak bibliyometrik analizinin gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacına ulaşabilmesi için “rekreasyon ve sürdürülebilirlik” “yeşil rekreasyon” “ekosistem ve rekreasyon” “ekoloji ve rekreasyon” “rekreasyon ve ekoloji” “rekreasyon ve ekosistem” (“recreation and sustainability” “green recreation” “ecosystem and recreation” “ecology and recreation” “leisure and ecology” “leisure and ecosystem”) anahtar kelimeleri taratılmıştır. Tarama sonucunda 291 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan bu makaleler yayın yılına, araştırma alanlarına, ülke bazlı dağılımına, konu dağılımına, en çok kullanılan anahtar kelimelere ve makale türlerine göre incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, makalelerin araştırma alanlarına bakıldığı zaman en çok çalışma yapılan alanın “Çevre Bilimleri ve Ekoloji” olduğu görülmektedir. Rekreasyon alanının ise çalışmalarda çok az yer aldığını görmekteyiz. Bu durum, doğal çevre ve rekreasyon konusunun öneminin vurgulanması için alanda daha çok çalışma yapılması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Yıllara göre dağılımına baktığımız zaman en büyük ivmenin son beş yılda yaşandığı açıkça anlaşılmaktadır. Buda bize rekreasyon ve çevre konusunun son zamanlarda daha çok üstünde durulan bir konu olduğunu göstermektedir.
Why Mexicans (Dis) Obey the Law
Authors: Pérez León Rebeca
Published: March 2023

This paper presents the results of an experimental research project on the causes of Mexicans’ law-abiding and non-abiding behaviour. Firstly, it explains the theories tested, namely, deterrence and normative theory of law-abidance, and defines the concepts measured. Regarding deterrence theory, the causal efficacy of knowledge of legal punishment was measured and of normative theory that of social and personal norms. Second, it describes how these concepts were operationalised and how the two-stage experimental survey was conducted. Finally, the paper outlines the main results. The statistical analyses show that neither social norms explainunlawful behaviour nor knowledge of legal punishment influence law-abiding behaviour among Mexicans in specific situations. However, the analysis did show a statistically significant disagreement between Mexicans’ behaviour and normative beliefs, which reveals a case of pluralistic ignorance whereby Mexicans behave illegally and believe others approve of illegal behaviour, but they personally disapprove of it. These results, however, would have to be confirmed in a study with a representative sample to be conclusive.
Polish Experience in the Search for the Optimal Model of Performing and Financing Metropolitan Tasks
Authors: Ofiarska Małgorzata
Published: March 2023

For nearly 25 years, the problem of managing public affairs in metropolitan areas in Poland has been present in the public debate and the legislative process. The aim of the study is to analyse and evaluate the projects and adopted acts dedicated to such areas. Using legal dogmatics and historical and legal methods, successive attempts have been made to adopt a legal basis for managing metropolitan areas and performing and financing metropolitan tasks, both in the form of a single act, regulating the organisation and functioning of metropolitan selfgovernment throughout the country using a comprehensive and framework approach and legal solutions dedicated to only one metropolitan area. In 2017, the first and so far the only metropolitan union in Poland was established in the Silesian Voivodeship. It was determined that the search for appropriate organisational forms for the performance and sources of financing metropolitan tasks had not yet been completed. So far, an agreement has been reached on the choice of a statutory functional solution based on the structure of a metropolitan union and a catalogue of metropolitan tasks, separate from the public tasks of municipalities and districts. The metropolitan union was provided with financing from the state budget.
Clinical manifestations of syphilis in the oral cavity — a review
Authors: Medeiros Ana Beatriz Villar , Silva Renivânia Pereira da , Oliveira Francimária Aparecida da Silva , Morais Letícia Amanda Fontes de , Guerra Custódio Leopoldino de Brito , Guerra Ângelo Roncalli Oliveira , Medeiros Andryele Eduarda de Araújo , Araújo Maria Heloyze Medeiros de , Pereira Larissa de Alcântara
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum bacterium, which impact on a significant increase in contagions reported worldwide, bringing up the need of urgent actions to ensure the control, treatment, and diagnosis of the disease. Objective: Given this context, this work presents a bibliographical review on syphilis, aiming to describe the most common oral manifestations that occur on the four stages of this infection. Methods: For the literature review, the searches were carried out in the PubMed, Science Direct, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature and databases of Virtual Health Library. Results: Regarding the primary syphilis, the main clinical manifestations in the oral cavity include chancres in the palate, buccal mucosa, tongue, and lips. In the secondary stage, the presence of diffuse and nonspecific oral lesions was identified. In tertiary syphilis, stomatitis and glossitis are present, being the hard palate and the tongue the main affected regions. In congenital syphilis, the patients are affected with dental and jaw malformations. Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of syphilis in the oral cavity can appear at any stage of the infection, being the oral cavity the second most affected region by this sexually transmitted infection. Therefore, the knowledge regarding this subject is extremely important for health professionals, as well as for the population, being essential to carry out the correct diagnosis and adequate treatment for the rapid cure of this infection.
Efficacy of two contact lens disinfecting solutions in reducing growth rate of bacteria and eradication of biofilms
Authors: Hadeel T AL-Hadithi  , Zahira M AL-Khani
Published: March 2023

Efficacy of two types of contact lens disinfecting (CLD) solutions, most frequently purchased from Jordanian pharmacies by contact lens wearers, was investigated for reducing growth rate of methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcesence, S. liquefacience and Acinetobacter spp., previously isolated from In-use disinfecting solutions in CL cases. Each species was cultured in a clean and dirty conditions (to mimic real situation) of two fresh CLD solutions separately: A and B whose active agents are: Polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride and Polyaminopropyl biguanide respectively. Log reduction of these bacteria have exceeded ISO 14729 acceptable criteria (3 log) and reached up to 5 log reduction. Dirty conditions have marked effect in reducing efficacy of CLD solution (A) to kill bacterial species under test. Biofilms produced by S. marcescens and S. liquefaciens were reduced by more than 50% after 24 hrs. using either CLD solutions, though it was less than that reduced after 4 hrs. Biofilm of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was the most affected by either CLD solutions after 4 hours. This study concluded that CL wearers should pay great consideration to cleaning and disinfection practices to decrease bacterial growth, reduce chances of biofilm formation.
A imagem no desenvolvimento de habilidades psíquicas na teoria de Lev Vygotsky, influenciadas por Wundt, Köhler, Koffka e Wertheimer
Authors: De Jesus Cruz Maria do Socorro Batista , Dos Santos Filho Eudaldo Francisco , Nery Barreto Maria Raidalva
Published: March 2023

Este artigo reforça a importância dos processos de desenvolvimento mental e a aquisição de habilidades psíquicas de cada indivíduo, ressaltando-se a presença dos signos na apreensão do conhecimento humano em todas as fases de seu desenvolvimento. Demonstra-se a partir das concepções de Vygotsky que o conhecimento ocorre através de interações e inter-relações pessoais dos indivíduos com seus pares e com o ambiente do qual eles compartilham suas experiências individuais e em grupo que geram mudanças psíquicas e comportamentais. Vygotsky defende que o uso de instrumentos amplia o leque de atividades sobre os quais as funções psicológicas superiores produzem transformações nos sujeitos. Destacam-se as influências de Wundt (1902) e dos psicólogos gestaltistas, Köhler (1938a, 1938b), Koffka (1922, 1935) e Wertheimer (1938a, 1938b) na teoria proposta por Vygotsky. O objetivo deste trabalho é evidenciar as contribuições recebidas de outras correntes teóricas para construção da teoria de Vygotsky, destacando-se a imagem como um elemento essencial na construção do conhecimento. A metodologia utiliza uma abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e bibliográfica. Concluiu-se que o trabalho desse teórico está alicerçado na imagem como um elemento essencial na apreensão do conhecimento, pois, há evidências da presença e utilização dos signos no cotidiano das pessoas.
O cuidado com a escrita e a leitura para uma educação filosófica na escola
Authors: Schuler Betina
Published: March 2023

Este ensaio teórico problematiza as relações entre a verdade e a subjetivação a partir de Sêneca e Foucault, com foco nas práticas de leitura e escrita na escola. Com inspiração na genealogia da subjetivação, entende-se que não se trata apenas de relações de conhece-te a ti mesmo, cuida-te de ti mesmo ou domina-te a ti mesmo. Vivemos um importante deslocamento nas práticas de si, podendo-se nomeá-las como desempenha-te a ti mesmo na stultitia contemporânea que vivenciamos, em que o conhecimento se reduz a objeto de troca e a uma pobreza narrativa. Para tal problematização, toma-se a potência de uma educação filosófica na escola por meio de práticas de leitura e escrita como resistência a um presente neoliberal e neoconservador que limita tais práticas a um pragmatismo instrumental e a índices de avaliação.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Auscultation During General Anesthesia by Taking Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy as Gold Standard
Authors: Hussain Shahid , Asad Hira , Fayyaz Muhammad Aatir , Adnan Muhammad , Sattar Muhammad Kaleem , Mohsin Muhammad Usman
Published: March 2023

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of auscultation in the detection of inappropriate positioning of endotracheal tube, in patients undergoing elective surgeries, by taking fiberoptic bronchoscopy as gold standard. Study design: cross sectional study Place and duration: Department of anesthesia, Nishtar Hospital, Multan Methodology: A total of 205 patients admitted in general surgery ward were included in the study. The pre-operative assessment was done one day before surgery. The level of difficulty of intubation was assessed during pre-operative assessment. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Tests of significance chi square and t-test were applied. P-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Therefore, the estimated sensitivity was 72.03%. The estimated specificity was 65.6%. Positive predictive value was 73.9% and negative predictive value was 63.3%. Two hundred and five patients were included in this study of both genders. Gender distribution revealed as n=144 (70.2%) males and n=61 (29.8%) females. The mean age of the patients was 38.92±10.61years. ASA status I and II observed as n=121 (59.0%) and n=84 (41.0%), respectively. Mallampati grading I and II observed as n=127 (62.0%) and n=78 (38.0%), respectively. Laryngoscopy grading I and II observed as n=135 (65.9%) and n=70 (34.1%), respectively. Practical Implication: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the relative diagnostic accuracy of auscultation during GA. Therefore, we evaluated each technique's sensitivity, specificity, (PPV), (NPV) and overall accuracy in detecting incorrect endotracheal tube positioning. Conclusion: The five point auscultation technique is a reliable method of confirmation of endotracheal intubation, as verified by flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope. Keywords: Auscultation, Fiberoptic bronchoscopy, General analgesia, Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity.
Histological Pattern of Ovarian Tumor in Reproductive age group in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Qureshi Naila , Memon Fahmida Parveen , Mughal Ambreen
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To find out the frequency of histological pattern of ovarian tumor in reproductive age group in a tertiary care Hospital. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place & duration of study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Liaquat University of medical and health sciences hospital, Hyderabad from October 2021 to September 2022. Methodology: All patients with ovarian tumor in reproductive age admitted during study periods were included in study. The diagnosis of ovarian tumors was suspected form clinical features and ultrasound findings and confirmed on histopathology. Data analysis was performed on SPSS version 24. Chi-Square test of significance (chi square test) was applied to see association among categorical variables. P value ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Similarly pattern of ovarian tumors was as followed; such as cord stromal, germ cell and epithelial ovarian 50%, 33.96% and 16.04% respectively among 106 women. High incidence of sex cord and epithelial tumors was observed in older age (above 40 years) group 25% and 68.8% respectively but germ cell tumor was observed mostly in younger age group 92.6% in 21-30 years as compared to older age women and 6.3% in above 40 years. Practical Implication: Our research establishes the basis for future studies on ovarian tumor in Pakistan, allowing for better health policy decisions to be made based on this information. Conclusion: Histopathological examination shows that epithelial and germ cell tumors collectively constitute large number of cases specifically in older age. Histological examination in early stage of life is important therapeutically and prognostically. Keywords: Ovarian tumors, Malignancies, Histological pattern, Reproductive age, Parity
Clinical Patterns and Frequency of Dermatological Manifestations Associated with Pregnancy
Authors: Imtiaz Hina , Ilyas Saima , Sabir Sadaf , Khan Mehwish , Khalid Filza , Khan Eraj Mehreen
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Pregnancy is a physiological state of women which is associated with intricate endocrinological, immunological, metabolic & vascular changes. So pregnancy makes a woman susceptible to various changes in skin & appendages. Alteration to the immune state of the pregnant women is necessary to allow mother to tolerate genetically different tissue during pregnancy. Decrease in cell mediated immunity in normal pregnancy is mainly responsible for the higher frequency and severity of certain infectious diseases. Some of which can also be transmitted to the baby during child birth. Moreover there are marked changes in the levels of sex hormones particularly oestrogen & progesterone and this can lead to profound changes in skin. Objective: To find the prevalence of dermatological manifestations in pregnant patients presenting in a tertiary care hospital Study Design: Descriptive/Cross-sectional Study Setting: The study was done in the Dermatology unit DHQ Hospital Faisalabad. Duration of Study: The study was carried out from 1st October 2016 to 10th March 2017 Subjects and methods: 185 pregnant women presenting at any gestational age in dermatology department and patients referred from Gynae department with dermatological complaints were included in the study. Patients with pre-existing medical conditions such as hypertension and diabetes were excluded. Complete history and clinical features of the patients were accessed and relevant investigations were done to support the diagnosis. Final diagnosis was made on basis of history, clinical examination and laboratory confirmation of disease as per operational definition. LFT’s for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was done from DHQ laboratory and sample for skin biopsy for pemphigoid gestationis were sent to pathology laboratory FMU. All the data was recorded in a well-structured questionnaire. Results: Age range in this study was from 18 to 40 years with mean age of 30.129±3.26 years and mean duration of disease was 5.864±1.79 week. Majority of the women were with 2nd trimester of pregnancy (67%). 60% of women had no occupation. Striae Gravidarum was seen in 48.1%, Linea Nigra 45.9%, Melasma 25.4%, Hirsutism 16.2%, Palmer Erythema 8.1%, Atopic eruption of Pregnancy 11.9%, Polymorphic eruption of Pregnancy 3.2%, Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy 1.6%, Pemphigoid gestationis 1.1%, Acne Vulgaris 9.7%, Vulvovaginal candidosis 8.1%, Urticaria 6.5% and Scabies was 5.4%. Practical Implication: We set out to investigate the prevalence of dermatological manifestations during pregnancy, as well as other clinical characteristics affecting pregnant women in Pakistan. Conclusion: If infections during pregnancy are diagnosed at the earliest stage it may prevent morbidity during and after antenatal period. Keywords: Pregnancy; Dermatological manifestations; Frequency, Clinical Patterns, Pemphigoid Gestationis, Acne Vulgaris, Vulvovaginal Candidosis,
Frequency of Thyroid Carcinoma in Multi Nodular Goiter
Authors: Khan Laraib , Khan Imran , Jogezai Ajmal Khan , Magsi Sajjad Sarwar
Published: March 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of thyroid carcinoma in patients presenting with multinodular goiter in BMCH. Study Settings: Research was conducted at Department of General Surgery, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta. Material and Methods: Eighty four patients from both the genders with age between 20-75 years presenting with multinodular goiter since 3 months and meeting inclusion criteria were included in this study after taking informed written consent. All the thyroidectomies were done by consultant general surgeon of the hospital. Post-operatively all the patients were managed as per hospital protocol. Post thyroidectomy specimen was sent for histopathology for diagnosis of thyroid malignancy as per operational definition. All the other findings of study variables such as age, gender, place of residence, BMI (weight in Kg/Height in m2), family history of malignancy, diabetes, hypertension, smoking (>5 cigarettes/day for 2 years) and duration of goiter were noted in a predesigned proforma. Results: The mean age of the patients was 37.4±14.0 years. Majority (n=48, 57.1%) of the patients were aged between 25-50 years, followed by 23 (27.4%) patients aged <25 years and 13 (15.5%) patients aged >50 years. There were 17 (20.2%) male and 67 (79.8%) female patients with a male to female ratio of 1:4. Family history of thyroid malignancy was positive in 11 (13.1%) patients. Thyroid carcinoma was detected in 12 (14.3%) patients with multinodular goiter. When stratified, the frequency of thyroid carcinoma was significantly higher among smokers (29.2% vs. 8.3%; p-value=0.014) and those with positive family history of thyroid cancer (36.4% vs. 11.0%; p-value=0.047). However, no statistically significant difference was observed across various subgroups of patients based on age (p-value=0.978), gender (p-value=1.000), BMI (p-value=1.000), duration of goiter (p-value=0.928), place of residence (p-value=1.000), diabetes (p-value=0.928) and hypertension (p-value=0.858). Conclusion: In the present study, we observed that a substantial proportion of patients with multinodular goiter had concealed thyroid carcinoma particularly smokers and those with positive family history which warrants careful pre-operative evaluation of such patients for thyroid malignancy so that it may be identified well in time and appropriate management may be initiated to improve outcomes in future practice. Keywords: Multinodular Goiter, Thyroid Carcinoma, Positive Family History, Smoking
On adequate zones of true intraocular pressure in healthy and glaucoma eyes
Authors: Svetlova O. V. , Koshits I. N. , Pankratov R. M. , Makarovskaya O. V. , Zaseeva M. V.
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE. The study was conducted to reveal using the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) the possible ranges of mean values of the “rigidity” and “fluctuation” criteria for fibrous membrane of healthy and glaucoma eyes with consideration of the age periods according to the classification by WHO, and to identify adequate true intraocular pressure (IOP) zones corresponding to these ranges.

METHODS. The study consisted of a theoretical analysis of clinical measurements of rigidity and fluctuation of the fibrous membrane, the current level of true IOP and the individual level of IOP calculated in youth using ORA by the method of dynamic diagnosis of Koshitsa-Svetlova, and involved in total 674 healthy and 518 glaucoma eyes from individuals aged 18 to 90 years, who were distributed by age periods according to WHO.

RESULTS. A "step pattern" of the distribution of Average values of rigidity and fluctuation in healthy and glaucoma eyes were distributed in a “step pattern”, which made it possible to rank the IOP zones adequately to these steps, taking into account the age periods according to WHO. The following adequate ranges of IOP levels for healthy and glaucoma eyes were identified: low IOP zone (up to 13 mm Hg); medium IOP zone (14–20 mm Hg); elevated IOP zone (21–26 mm Hg); high IOP zone (27–32 mm Hg); IOP subcompensation zone (33–39 mm Hg) and uncompensated IOP zone (≥40 mm Hg). The "steps" of the average values of rigidity, fluctuations, and the IOP ranges adequate to them do not intersect. The current value of the rigidity of the fibrous membrane and the IOP value calculated in youth make it possible to reliably attribute each healthy or glaucoma eye to its individual IOP zone.

CONCLUSION. Rigidity of the fibrous membrane consistently determines the level of IOP (p>0.001), while the rigidity and fluctuation of the sclera directly influence its current level. The fundamental criteria — rigidity and fluctuation of the fibrous membrane of the eye — do not depend on the central corneal thickness and objectively determine the current functional state of the fibrous membrane. The ability to objectively and reliably determine whether a healthy or glaucoma eye belongs to its individual IOP zone is particularly important for the polyclinic network. The time such express diagnostics takes is 0.02 seconds.
Changes in target IOP values in glaucoma patients depending on the number of surgical interventions they underwent
Authors: Kats M. D. , Kuroyedov A. V. , Arkharov M. A.
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE. To determine the optimal intraocular pressure (IOP) values that contribute to stabilization of the course of the disease in patients with different stages of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) before and after surgery, depending on the current state of ocular biomechanical parameters.

METHODS. This analytical descriptive scientific-clinical study analyzes the results of diagnostic studies conducted in the period from 2019 to 2022. The final protocol included 137 patients (209 eyes) with different stages of POAG. Two groups of patients were identified: the main group (105 patients, 156 eyes) with POAG, and the control group (32 patients, 53 eyes) — healthy individuals and patients with an established diagnosis of cataract. All patients underwent a thorough ophthalmological examination, including routine as well as special methods such as ophthalmotonometry in six different ways, bi-directional pneumatic applanation of the cornea, measurement of central corneal thickness (CCT). Additional decrease of the IOP level depending on the characteristics of the fibrous membrane of the eye was calculated using a simple regression followed by an assessment of the quality of the constructed model according to the calculated coefficients of determination (r2).

RESULTS. The IOP values and biomechanical parameters of the fibrous membrane of the eye were analyzed depending on the stage of glaucoma process and the absence or presence of a history of surgical interventions for glaucoma in patient’s anamnesis. Significant differences in the viscoelastic parameters of the fibrous membrane of the eye were revealed between patients who had not undergone surgical treatment and those who had undergone one or two surgeries. Algorithms were developed to determine specific correction coefficients in order to correctly interpret the results of tonometry, taking into account the biomechanical characteristics of the membranes of the eye, and differences in target IOP were determined for groups of patients with different stages of POAG before and after surgical treatment.

CONCLUSION. The results of this study demonstrate that the changing characteristics of the fibrous membrane of the eye in patients with glaucoma associated with previous surgical treatment can significantly distort the interpretation of data obtained using the basic ophthalmic tonometry. The study also shows that when choosing a «safe» range of IOP levels in patients with POAG, it is necessary to take into account patient’s history of penetrating surgical interventions. Thus, in single-operated patients, an additional decrease in IOP is required, on average by 1.7 mm Hg, while in repeatedly operated patients — by almost 3 mm Hg.
UZAKTAN ÇALIŞMA YAŞAM ÖLÇEĞİ: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: AKMAN Abdullah Zübeyr , EVLİYAOGLU Fetullah , ERDOST ÇOLAK Hayat Ebru , ERDİRENCELEBİ Meral
Published: March 2023

Uzaktan çalışma gerek teknolojik gelişmeler gerekse COVID-19 pandemisinin yaratmış olduğu sokağa çıkma yasakları nedeniyle üzerinde tartışılan önemli konulardan biri olmuştur. Bugün pandeminin devamında yaşanan yeni normal sürecinde de işletmeler tarafından sunulan uzaktan çalışma imkanları hızla artmaktadır. Bu gelişmelere paralel olarak, uzaktan çalışma konusunda özellikle işletme alanındaki araştırmalar da giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı da uzaktan çalışma literatüründe referans olan Grant vd. (2019) tarafından geliştirilen uzaktan çalışma yaşam ölçeğinin (EWL) Türkçeye doğru bir şekilde uyarlamasının sağlanmasıdır. Ölçek uyarlaması için 17 sorudan oluşan orijinal ölçek, öncelikle dil geçerliliğini sağlamak üzere dil uzmanlarınca kontrol edilerek Türkçeye çevrilmiştir. Türkçeye çevirisi yapılan soru formu, alan uzmanlarının değerlendirmesi sonucu çeşitli sektörlerden katılımcılara elektronik ortamda sunulmuştur. Toplam 210 katılımcıdan toplanan veriler ile yapılan açıklayıcı faktör analizinde; faktör analizlerinin yapılabileceği ve yeterli güvenirlik düzeyinin sağlandığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda dört alt boyutlu yapı doğrulanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, uyarlaması yapılan Türkçe formun geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
TRC3 BÖLGESİNDE (MARDİN, BATMAN, SİİRT, ŞIRNAK) VERGİ AHLAKININ BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: NİTEL BİR ANALİZ
Authors: HACIKÖYLÜ Canatay , AY Şahin
Published: March 2023

Çalışmada; TRC3 bölgesinde yer alan Mardin, Batman, Siirt ve Şırnak’tan illerinde vergi ahlakının belirleyicilerinin neler olduğunu analiz edilmiştir. Vergi ahlakı ile ilgili TRC3 bölgesinde nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yöntemi ile hem memleketi TRC3 bölgesi olan hem de bu bölgede yaşayan 32 gelir vergisi mükellefi ile görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin analizi için Nvivo 8 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Analizin ardından veriler yorumlanmıştır. Kamu hizmetleri ve kamu idareleri, vergi cezaları ve denetim, vergi afları, vergi adaleti, mevcut ekonomik konjonktür, yolsuzluk algısı, kayıt dışına erişilebilirlik, ideoloji ve siyasi iktidarın kabulü ile aile ve sosyal çevrenin TRC3 bölgesinde vergi ahlakı üzerinde belirleyici olduğu belirlenmiştir.
OTEL İŞLETMELERİNDE ALGILANAN ÖRGÜTSEL ENGEL VE GÖREV SABOTAJI İLİŞKİSİNDE ÖRGÜTSEL SİNİZMİN ARACILIK ROLÜ
Authors: ÖZGEN ÇİĞDEMLİ Aslı Özge , KOBANOĞLU Mehmet Selman , UYGUNGİL ERDOĞAN Selen
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı örgütsel engel, görev sabotajı ve örgütsel sinizm arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek ve örgütsel sinizmin bu ilişkide aracılık rolünün olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışma nicel araştırma yöntemi ve ilişkisel tarama deseni ile tasarlanmış, veriler Antalya ilindeki dört ve beş yıldızlı otellerde görev yapan 424 işgörenden yüz yüze ve online anket tekniği ile toplanmış, verilerin analizinde yapısal eşitlik modellemesinden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, turizm çalışanlarının örgütsel engel algıları ile görev sabotajı arasında pozitif ve anlamlı yönde ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Buna ek olarak, örgütsel sinizm ile algılanan örgütsel engel arasında ve görev sabotajı arasında pozitif ve anlamlı yönlü bir ilişkinin olduğu, örgütsel sinizmin ise herhangi bir aracılık rolünün bulunmadığı elde edilen sonuçlar arasındadır. Bu bağlamda, otellerde görev yapan işgörenlerin örgüt tarafından algıladıkları engeller ortadan kaldırılmadıkça, sinik davranışlar geliştirebileceği ve görevi sabote eğilimlerinin olabileceği, bu nedenle yöneticilerin örgütsel engel algısına yol açan faktörleri ortadan kaldırması gerektiği yönetsel olarak verilebilecek öneriler arasındadır. Çalışmanın örgütsel engel ve görev sabotajı ilişkisini ortaya koyması açısından da literatüre katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir.
Building Competence of Managers for Companies in Digital Transformation
Authors: Čirčová Vanda , Blštáková Jana
Published: March 2023

Trends in business management caused by Industry 4.0 implementation and related to COVID-19 restrictions brought up new challenges. Consequently, increasing digitalization triggered a modern concept of people management accelerating new managerial skills. Digital transformation requires new strategies in training, reskilling, and upskilling. The aim of this paper is to review managerial skills in companies in digital transformation, to identify the gap between current and future competence recognized by HR leaders. By analysis of the gap, we aim to be able to recognize the need for upskilling or reskilling of managers in companies in Slovakia. The study indicates that when companies innovate to move forward in their digital transformation process, it is data protection, networking and data processing that they focus on. Within the study HR leaders have identified it is both, way of thinking as well as attitude that needs to be shaped for building future managerial competence. The study also implies that future upskilling needs to focus on competence to interact and future reskilling on competence to data processing, as these competencies are contextual to digitalization.