bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biodiversity of Sciaridae (Diptera) in Ukraine
Authors: Babytskiy A. I. , Bezsmertna O. O. , Protsenko Y. V. , Pavliuk S. D. , Rubanovska N. V.
Published: April 2022

Sciarids (Diptera, Sciaridae) or black fungus gnats are small, mainly dark coloured insects whose larvae usually develop in rotting plant remains permeated by fungal hyphae. Typical habitats for sciarids are shaded forests and wet meadows, but some species can migrate from natural biotopes to anthropogenic ecosystems and live as synanthropes. We have investigated ecological and chorological features of sciarids in Ukraine since 2012. Within this work, we collected imagoes during expeditions and excursions in different biotopes using the Malaise trap, by the method of sweeping and with exhauster directly from substrate. Collected imagoes were placed into 5 mL vials with 70% ethanol. In the lab fixed material was dehydrated in absolute ethanol and mounted on the slides in Euparal. Previous registrations are based on 6 field collections, two of them were carried out in the XIX century, 4 observations of “army worms” and two pest records. From published material of these collections 78 sciarid species were known from 17 genera in 8 more or less specified localities of Ukraine. Our sciarid study in the country expanded the data on registered sciarids by adding 18 new species and enriched information about the distribution of sciarids by 86 new findings of previously known species in 12 regions (Volyn, Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kharkiv, Khmelnytsk, Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne and Ternopil) of Ukraine. The current checklist of Sciaridae of Ukraine contains 96 species from 17 genera in 168 localities. Through comparison with Germany, whose sciarid fauna is studied much better, for Ukraine we can predict the presence approximately 400 sciarid species, so the species diversity of Sciaridae in Ukraine still poorly known for the known species does not exceed 25 percent of presumed existing species here. The majority of sciarid findings are registered in different types of broadleaf forest biotopes, only a few species have been found also in grassland habitats. Some sciarid species show synanthropic attraction and have been registered in anthropogenic habitats, for example Bradysia fenestralis (pest of cultivated plants in greenhouses), Corynoptera dentiforceps, Scatopsciara atomaria and Corynoptera tridentata. Larvae of Bradysia placida develop in rotten wood, also development of Corynoptera membranigera preimaginal phases possibly takes place in the fruit bodies of fungi (Neoboletus luridiformis, Russula sp.) and Mycetozoa (Fuligo septica).
Ontogenetic structure of cenopopulations of Allium pskemense (Amaryllidaceae) in Uzbekistan
Authors: Abduraimov О. S. , Kovalenko I. N. , Makhmudov A. V. , Allamurotov A. L. , Mavlanov B. J.
Published: April 2022

Many plants of the Allium genus are economically valuable as vegetables. For example, Asian countries are the largest producers of Allium pskemense B. Fedtsch. Ontogenetic spectrum – a sensitive population indicator of changes in the environment – has been noted as useful in recording the age condition of plants. The study focused on the ontogenetic structure of five cenopopulations of A. pskemense, revealing that the examined cenopopulations growing in different ecological-coenotic environmental conditions are normal, and mainly incomplete, i.e. do not include all age groups. Their ontogenetic spectrum was left-sided, and only the coenotic populations 2, 4, 5 coincided with the characteristic spectrum. Depending on ecological-phytocoenotic living conditions, density of individuals in the studied communities ranged 1.75 to 4.50 ind./m2, whereas the ecological density was within 2.00 to 5.29 ind./m2. The research determined that the ontogenetic spectrum shifted to the centered type temporarily due to the uneven processes of the development. Similarities of biological features (long mature generative condition, prevalence of mode of reproduction by seeds, low viability of young individuals) of individuals of this species in various locations, type of cenopopulation, characteristic actual ontogenetic spectra indicate stable conditions for the studied CPs in forbs-Ziziphora-shrub (cenopopulation 5) communities in Uzbekistan.
Managerial Competencies and Firm Performance in the Furniture Manufacturing Sector in Kenya
Authors: Were Jane
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The study aims to examine the contribution of managerial competencies with indicators, namely leadership, employee development, decision making, succession planning and governance to the performance of the furniture manufacturing sector with firm size and firm age as a moderating variable.

Design / Method / Approach: The study adopted a descriptive and explanatory research design of which a sample of 280 licensed firms was randomly selected. Structured questionnaires were distributed to the managers and a factor analysis was used to reduce the number of variables and find out the underlying constructs while the analysis of moments of structures was applied to develop a theory.

Findings: The study found that managerial competencies and firm performance had a positive and statistically significant contribution. The moderating effect of firm size and age on firm performance was found negative predicting that the variable had no moderating influence on firm performance.

Theoretical Implications: This study concludes that to enhance firm performance measured in terms of profitability and growth there is need to manage and sustain firm performance based on leadership, employee development, decision-making, succession planning and governance to create competitive advantages through an effective strategy implementation process.

Practical Implications: This study will not only add value to the existing body of knowledge in strategic management practice but also point out that while implementing the strategy, CEOs and senior managers should consider these factors in order to improve firm performance.

Originality / Value: This study is unique since it provides an expansion of the conceptualization of a managerial competency framework.

Research Limitations / Future Research: The study findings are solely based on the views of managers/owners and therefore, the results are prone to managers’ bias. Thus, more studies should incorporate other stakeholders, namely consumers, suppliers and dealers. The study is only based on furniture manufacturing firms in eight counties and therefore, generalizability of the findings could be limited to only the eight counties. Thus, more studies should be carried out to include other counties making the study more national.

Paper type: Empirical
Micromechanics of soft materials using microfluidics
Authors: Xu Yufan , Zhu Hongjia , Shen Yi , Guttenplan Alexander P. M. , Saar Kadi L. , Lu Yuqian , Vigolo Daniele , Itzhaki Laura S. , Knowles Tuomas P. J.
Published: April 2022

Micron-scale soft materials are finding a wide range of applications in bioengineering and molecular medicine, while also increasingly emerging as useful components for consumer products. The mechanical characterization of such microscale soft objects is conventionally performed with techniques such as atomic force microscopy or micropipette aspiration that measure the local properties of micron scale objects in a serial manner. To permit scalable characterization of the global mechanical properties of soft microscale objects, we developed and describe here a microfluidic platform that can be used for performing parallelized integrated measurements of the shear modulus of individual microscale particles. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by characterizing the mechanical properties of multiple protein microgels in parallel, and show that the obtained values are in good agreement with conventional serial measurements. This platform allows parallelized in situ measurements of the mechanical properties of soft deformable micron-scale particles, and builds on scalable single-layer soft-photolithography fabrication, making the measurement system readily adaptable for a range of potential applications.

Graphical Abstract
Diferencia sexual vs (in-)diferencias queer. Las razones ontológicas de un choque socio-político
Authors: Binetti María-José
Published: April 2022

Tanto la ontología de la diferencia sexual, tal como la elabora el feminismo de la diferencia, como la des-ontologización de la (in-)diferencia sexual, tal como la deconstruye el transfeminismo queer, coinciden en apelar al concepto de diferencia en sí, no dualista, jerárquica ni excluyente, como núcleo de su argumentación teóricopolítica. Sin embargo, ambas teorías resultan en su desarrollo inconciliables y conducen a proyectos políticos opuestos. El presente artículo se propone elaborar las razones de tal divergencia en el marco de una ontología realista y material.
Los libros I y III de «Meteorológicos». ¿Una anomalía para la teoría de la visión aristotélica?
Authors: Parrilla Desiderio
Published: April 2022

La crítica contemporánea ha mostrado el contraste entre la teoría de la visión expuesta en los libros I y III de Meteorológicos y el resto de obras mayores del corpus aristotelicum. En este artículo presentamos una clasifi cación de las principales interpretaciones arrojadas sobre esta irregularidad. Finalmente, propondremos una exégesis de estos pasajes acorde con la teoría estándar establecida por Aristóteles en las obras psicológicas.
Spatial visualisation ability as correlate of senior school students’ achievement in physics in Sokoto state, Nigeria
Authors: Amuda Afees Akanni , Omosewo Esther O.
Published: April 2022

This paper examined spatial visualisation ability as correlate of senior school students’ achievement in Physics in Sokoto State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to: (i) examine the relationship between senior school students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in Physics; (ii) determine the relationship between senior school students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in physics based on gender; (iii) assess the relationship between students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in physics based on school type.
This research adopted ex post facto research of the co-relational type. The population for the study were Senior Secondary School II (SSS II) students in Sokoto State. Proportional sampling technique was used in sample selection. Seven hundred and thirty-one (731) SSS II students, offered Physics in senior secondary schools across the three senatorial districts in Sokoto State, Nigeria, formed the sample for the study. Research instruments, employed to elicit data for the study, were: Students’ Spatial Ability Test (SSAT), and Physics Achievement Test (PAT). The instruments were validated by experts in science education, and Practicing Physics teachers in Sokoto, giving reliability coefficients 0.79 and 0.89 respectively. The data gathered were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Statistic and Z-test statistic, at .05 level of significance.
The findings of the study were that:

there was statistically significant relationship between students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in Physics (r=0.32, p < .05);
there was statistically significant difference in the strength of the relationship between students’ spatial visualisation ability and their achievement in Physics based on gender as the Zobs – value (-2.01) was outside ±1.96 boundary in favour of female students; and

iii there was statistically significant difference in the strength of the relationship between spatial visualisation ability and achievement in Physics based on school type as the Zobs – value (-5.08) was outside ±1.96 boundary in favour of private schools.
It was concluded, that students’ spatial visualisation ability positively predict their achievement in Physics. It was recommended, that students should be trained on spatial ability so as to be able to predict correctly their achievement in Physics
Trends in international relations in the Indo-Pacific region
Authors: Asaturov Sergey , Martynov Andrei
Published: April 2022

The global Indian and Pacific region is playing an increasing role in modern international relations. At the beginning of the XXI century, this region is a crossroads of different interests of great powers. The United States continues to play a leading role. The Pentagon introduced the concept of the Indo-Pacific region. From a military-strategic point of view, this concept is a symbol of American-Chinese competition. This process intensified under the Trump administration in 2017-2020. The Biden administration is consolidating regional democracies. Australia, India and Japan play a key role in this process. The European Union promotes the values and ideas of democracy in the Indo-Pacific region. China is an important trading partner of the EU. The intensification of the Sino-US confrontation in early 2022 has blocked the entry into force of the China-EU Free Trade and Investment Agreement. In early 2022, the United States, Great Britain and Australia announced the creation of a military alliance. India and Japan are concerned about China's growing military power. The Republic of Korea has a similar position. Hotspots of confrontation in the region are Taiwan, the Korean Peninsula, the disputed Spratly Islands. The Indo-Pakistani conflict around Kashmir destabilizes regional security. The Indo-Pacific region is an example of a complex multipolar system of international relations. This system is more risky in terms of security. The functioning of internal regional and interregional communication networks is complicated by military-technical, environmental, demographic, socio-cultural, interstate contradictions. The formation of a regional security system is limited by political problems. Post-modern democracies, such as Australia, India, Japan and the modernized Chinese autocracy and the North Korean Stalinist dictatorship, coexist in the Indo-Pacific region. The balance of interests is maintained by the United States and the European Union. This balance is volatile and unpredictable
Efficacy and Safety of Peptide Vaccine in Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Prospective Study among Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. , Fedoseenko Marina V. , Shakhtakhtinskaya Firuza Ch. , Kaliuzhnaia Tatiana A. , Soloshenko Margarita A. , Tolstova Svetlana V. , Selvyan Arevaluis M. , Privalova Tatiana E. , Timoshkova Snezhana D. , Melnikova Albina A. , Gorelov Aleksandr V. , Ploskireva Antonina A. , Mustafina Ilina Z. , Melekhina Elena V. , Usenko Denis V. , Ponezheva Zhanna B. , Omarova Khadizhat G.
Published: April 2022

The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus infection remains the topical health issue and constitutes serious threat to the entire world. Nowadays, active immunization against new type of coronavirus infection continues in Russian Federation and in all other countries. Vaccination is the crucial component in comprehensive program for COVID-19 prevention and control. Mass immunization of population can prevent both admissions and hospitalization in conditions of high incidence of COVID-19 and thereby reduce the burden on the health system. Despite the remaining complications in combating the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, preventive vaccination is by far the most effective method for protection against this infection Clinical studies on the efficacy of various preventive vaccinations in different regions of the world are extremely relevant especially under conditions of the emergency use authorization for vaccines against new coronavirus infection, the changing epidemiological situation, and the wide variability of different types of vaccines. All countries will need continuously updated data on vaccine efficacy to address new challenges such as weakening post-vaccine protection, new SARS-CoV-2 strains, and need for other preventive measures to mitigate the pandemic.
A Public Health Recommendation Countering the Online Anti-Vaccination Movement
Authors:   ,   Portland State University, Neumann Grace
Published: April 2022

The anti-vaccination movement had posed a threat to the health of communities, since the inception of the smallpox inoculation practice. As the anti-vaxx movement continues to grow in strength and reach, public health officials must be prepared to combat the flow of misinformation, with sound scientific data in a way that connects with individuals from all communities. Online platforms such as blogs and social media, allow newfound access to vaccine opinions and information, posing an even greater risk of vaccine misinformation being spread to the public. Different communities hold different reasons for vaccine hesitancy and avoidance. An effective public health policy will acknowledge the aversions of all communities and tailor a personalized response to maximize implementation and the health of all people.
How Does the Effect of Hurricane Katrina Influence Healthcare Infrastructure and Resilience?
Authors:   ,   Portland State University, Wei Sean
Published: April 2022

In August 2005, Hurricane Katrina brought upon the city of New Orleans, LA one of the costliest natural disasters in U.S. history. This paper looks at how hospitals were prepared before Katrina, responded to, and grappled with the aftermath of this natural disaster. In the aftermath of Katrina, careful investigation of the healthcare system along with its hospitals, physicians, patients, and residents allow us to take innovative measures and provide guidance to create recommendations to better monitor and care for individuals in the future. Frameworks of resilience theories, studies, and recommendations display how and why disaster planning is essential. The lessons learned from Hurricane Katrina reveal how healthcare infrastructure has changed through numerous interventions in an aim to create a better healthcare system that improves healthcare coverage and emergency preparedness to withstand future disasters, thus creating a better and more resilient healthcare system.
Feeding practices: the concept, types, and functions
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Antonova Natalya L. , Latyshev Dmitrii M. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: April 2022

The paper offers the sociological conceptualization of feeding practices and its interpretation as a system of actions and interactions between persons and groups aimed at satisfying their natural need for food determined by social norms. These practices act as a culture product and are embedded in social collectives’ lifestyle constructing social reality. Dietary culture represents a sustainable standardized model. However, in the context of food abundance, it modifies due to new tastes, changing food attitudes and nutrition technologies. Acculturation processes actualizing national cuisines and feeding practices determine feeding behaviour. On the one hand, the existing stereotypes relating to feeding practices simplify ‘rules of conduct’. On the other, they can serve as barriers that hinder their development. The authors argue that social groups and institutes govern and control feeding practices. The paper singles out the following functions of feeding practices: status, identification, psycho-emotional, regulative, communication and socialization functions. Moreover, the authors stated that in modern social systems there also exist latent functions, one of them being social inequality reproduction. This paper offers a typology of feeding practices: individual and collective, home and out-of-home, everyday and ceremonial, hazard and safe, ethnic/religious and universal, and other feeding practices. The increasingly sophisticated social structure, new global challenges are converting old and shaping new types of dietary behavior, thus transforming social life.
Ageing and Longevity: Achievements and Problems
Authors:   Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Rabinovich Alexander
Published: April 2022

The paper presents a review of advancements and problems of geroscience, a fledgling interdisciplinary area in biomedical research on ageing and the life expectancy of a man. The author provides historical, religious, literary, mythological, scientific, and socio-psychological foundations and the premise of conventional and present-day assumptions about the human long and healthy life. A dramatic increase in longevity and socio-economic activity of a man leads to the growth of the total number and the proportion of the elderly in the demographic structure in developed countries. All this encourages the need for essential changes in the health and social welfare system, in employment and leisure, in increased funding for research aimed at solving various medical, improving the human lifespan, the standard of living, and the quality of life of the elderly people. In the XXIst century, besides combating numerous disorders of old age, the fight against ageing itself comes to the fore.
Farewell Meeting (Sociology of Funerals)
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Levchenko Ilya E.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to identifying the features of a farewell meeting — funeral. They represent the ritual design of the wires of the deceased into the space of death, guaranteeing a safe crossing of the border between them for the living. Despite the historical, cultural and ethno-confessional differences, a common algorithm and similar features can be found in the farewells to the deceased. A retrospective analysis of the rites showed that at all times there was a “stratification” of funeral ceremonies. In the 20th century, the secularization process abroad led to a significant reduction in funerals performed in accordance with religious rituals. Since ancient times, mourning music has set the tempo of funerals. Although the transition from a traditional to a modernized society had modified the farewell to a certain extent, their fundamental features remained unchanged — the demonstration of love and respect for the deceased, the rites of carrying out the body and the funeral procession to the place of his last resting place. Classification of funerals is carried out on a variety of grounds (the number of deceased, the social status of the deceased, technology, duration, etc.). According to customs, at certain stages or in certain funeral rituals, the participation of children, women (especially pregnant women), seriously ill, elderly people, etc. is restricted or prohibited. Along with strictly regulated ceremonies, emergency funerals occur in people’s lives when the duration of rituals is shortened, or they are not observed at all — in conditions of hostilities, natural or man-made disasters, pandemics. By their “nature” funerals are multifunctional — they perform sanitaryhygienic, ritual, psychotherapeutic, consolidating, identification, memorial and other functions. In general, funerals can be considered as a “chain” of oppositions: completion — beginning, break — connection, farewell — meeting, etc.
The Political Crisis of the Early 1990s in the Urals: Theoretical Discourse of Ural Political Scientist
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kamynin Vladimir D.
Published: April 2022

The article compares conceptualizations of events that took place in the early 1990s in the Ural region and were called the political crisis. It covered the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions. The author notes that the study of the political crisis is of an interdisciplinary nature; representatives of different scientific fields consider the events of 1991–1993 in the Urals from different angles. For legal scholars, the political crisis in the Ural region is a special case of a political crisis in the country, culminating in an acute confrontation between the executive and legislative branches of government in October 1993. Representatives of historical science pay special attention to the study of the political process that took place in various regions of the Urals in 1991–1993. Political scientists focus on clarifying the prerequisites and causes of the political crisis in the Urals in the early 1990s and on the behavior of regional political elites. In the political science literature, the study of this problem is carried out through the prism of various theories. The study of the political crisis of the early 1990s in the Urals from the standpoint of political regionalism, ethnopolitics and elitology provides the greatest heuristic possibilities.
Assessment of the Impact of Smart City Initiatives on the Development of Urbanized Territories
Authors:   Institute of Economics, The Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Semyachkov K. A.
Published: April 2022

Digitalization processes are penetrating deeper into various areas of urbanized territories, being a factor affecting the quality of life of the local population. One of the promising approaches for the development of urban areas in the context of digitalization is the concept of the smart city. Despite the significant popularity of the smart city concept among the scientific community, as well as municipal authorities, the impact of digitalization processes on the development of the urban environment, as well as the possibility of using digital technologies to solve emerging problems in the economic, social, and environmental spheres, has been studied very little. The aim of the study is to determine the dependencies between the implementation of smart city model initiatives and the development of individual subsystems of the urban environment. The paper shows that a significant part of modern research is of theoretical, descriptive nature, while there is a shortage of empirical research, the main purpose of which would be to identify quantitative patterns in the development of smart cities, which would contribute to the development of economic and mathematical approaches to the study of urbanized territories in the conditions of formation digital society. The research method used by the authors is correlation analysis. Using the cases of 118 cities from the Smart City Index 2021, prepared by the Singapore Institute of Technology and Design, the relationship between the implementation of ideas for the digitalization of the urban environment and improving the quality of individual components of the urban environment is shown. As a result of the study, strong correlations were identified between the introduction of digital technologies in the main areas of the urban economy and the development of the urban environment, the hypothesis about the impact of digitalization processes on the development of certain areas of management within urban areas was confirmed, relationships between the development of smart solutions within the urban environment and changes in quality were shown. life of the local population. The results obtained can become the basis for further research in the development of smart cities, as well as applied tools for the implementation of plans and strategies for the development of urban areas.
Manifestations of Competition and Quasi-Competition of Russian Universities in the Struggle to Attract Applicants
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Sandler D. G.
Published: April 2022

Globalization and the development of the knowledge economy increase competition in the higher education market. Improving the competitiveness of higher education in the world market in the second decade of the 21st century has officially become a project to be implemented by the state. In this regard, it is extremely important to study the competition among and competitiveness of universities. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the existence of quasi-competition among Russian universities and assess its impact on improving the efficiency of Russian higher education. The research hypothesis is that despite the inequality in the system of higher education, there is quasi-competition, not only within the groups of leading universities at the federal level and among regional universities, but also against everyone, and this competition increases the efficiency of the system as a whole. Particular attention is paid to such specific feature of university competition as competition for public funding, competition in a regulated market with high concentration and even monopoly. As a practical case for studying the competition of universities, the fight for applicants is considered as a vivid manifestation of competition. The information base of the study is the results of annual surveys of applicants of Ural Federal University. The main method of research is the economic and mathematical analysis of the results of surveys of graduates. It is concluded that the quasi-competition model best describes the established higher education markets. The Russian system of higher education operates under the dominance of state funding and quasi-market competition. An important aspect of the study is to identify the relationship between competition in the field of higher education and university funding. Competition between universities increases financial inequality in the higher education system. At the same time, in a number of areas, especially in terms of preparing bachelors, regional universities can compete with leading universities. The influence of competition on the higher education system contributes to the increase in the efficiency of universities through their struggle for a limited set of resources. An interesting practical finding of the study, which can be useful when planning admission campaigns, is that price competition for undergraduate applicants is inferior to competition for the quality of education in the campaign to attract students to master's programs.
Glasgow Outcome Scale Assessment in Patients with Cerebral Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Berlianty Brigitta , Dian Sofiati , Ganiem Ahmad Rizal
Published: April 2022

Background: Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a Toxoplasma gondii infection affecting the brain. Assessment of the functional outcome after treatment is needed as an evaluation for therapeutic management. One of the instruments used is the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). This study aimed to assess the functional outcome of cerebral toxoplasmosis patients using GOS. Methods: A Cross-sectional descriptive study with total sampling method was conducted. Medical records were retrieved from patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis registered at the Department of Neurology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung during year 2017–2019. Inclusion criteria were patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis aged >18 years and had a positive HIV serological test. The GOS was assessed and presented in frequency, using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software ver. 25.0. Results: Of 87 patients, 68% had somnolent on admission to the hospital, 51% had hemiparesis/hemiplegia, and 76% had GOS 3, indicating severe disability. Almost one third (28%) of patients died during hospitalization with non-neurological complications as the most common cause of death (63%). On discharge from the hospital, 82% of the survivors were fully alert, 40% had hemiparesis/hemiplegia, and 33% had GOS 4 (mild disability). Conclusions: Most of the cerebral toxoplasmosis patients come to the hospital with severe disability. During the treatment, one third of patients died, and those who survived had mild disability. GOS has improved after hospitalization, suggesting that GOS is useful for assessment of therapeutic management.
Cardiovascular-Related Death Risk Factors in Hypertensive Patients: Indonesia Family Life Survey 2000-2014
Authors: Supriyadi Rudi , Paranoan David , Sofiatin Yulia
Published: April 2022

Objective: To determine the characteristics of the risk factors of cardiovascular death in hypertensive patients in Indonesia based on the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) longitudinal data. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study on secondary data from the IFLS population starting from2000 and was followed up in 2007 and 2014. The inclusion criteria for participation were15 years old or older, had hypertension, had cardiovascular events as thecause of death, and had complete data in both IFLS 3 (2000) and IFLS 4 (2007). Results: The IFLS 5 (2014) reported 918 deaths among eligible subjects with complete data, both in IFLS 3 (2000) and IFLS 4 (2007). Of those, a total of 608 subjects experienced hypertension started from 2000 and/or 2007. Of these deaths, 112 were due to cardiovascular events. Cardiovascular death was more common in males (58.9%), age of >65 years old when died (47.3%), had poor socioeconomic status (24.1%), and with normal body mass index (54.9%). Conclusion: Male, late adulthood, low level of education, normal BMI, and poor socioeconomic status represented the greater risks of cardiovascular death among hypertensive patients in Indonesia.
Teaching English sans Cultural Baggage: Review Of Indigenous Practices In Kerala
Authors: Praveen Chandrasekharan
Published: April 2022

The south Indian state of Kerala at the turn of the century, implemented an 'activity -based, learner centred, process oriented curriculum' in the constructivist paradigm with a pronounced focus on 'Discourse -based Pedagogy'. There were however variations in transactional patterns
particularly in tribal and rural areas where teachers showed a pronounced affinity for the bilingual method. An NGO, the English Language Teachers' Interaction Forum (ELTIF) attempted to train teachers and also teach school children in villages using novel tasks and activities which were conversation
driven and 'interactive'. A variant of all these was the attempt by a school in a remote town to introduce an ' immersion programme ' where native speakers from the UK, lived and interacted with the local community and also engaged sessions for school children.
 Which of these practices
actually improved the competence of learners? Were there any tangible benefits? How was the issue of 'cultural baggage' addressed? To find answers to such questions, the investigator collected data from documents and studies published in journals and corroborated it with data collected from
the field through observation, and interviews with teachers, students and the community.
 The study found that each strategy has its own benefit and flaws and a lot depends on learner interaction and willingness to use the target language, English. It is hoped that the findings of
this study would help curriculum developers to design more need-based, learner friendly materials and employ strategies that enable learners to use the language effectively in an increasingly globalized and technology driven world.
Task-based Approach in English Language Teaching and Learning
Authors: Pol Anupama Prakash
Published: April 2022

Today classroom language learning and teaching is a more complex tack and a challenging job for language teachers. The may find ourselves in a position where all ICT technologies is create our disposal for example - computer, internet, video, etc. Though at some point, we may find ourselves
in a place where even a blackboard is sufficient and effective tool for teaching, learning process of language. The present paper will focus on task-based approach in English language learning. At first, the papers will discuss the language teaching methods especially, the student / learner-centric
methods in English language teaching. It attempts to state how task-based teaching lead to language learning It also tries to state how linguistic competence is developed and how it involves the process of understanding, thinking and stating com outcomes. The learners engaged in an effort
to understand and express meaning in their target language. The learner. in a task-based classroom can get their meaning across by means of ungrammatical expressions with the use of task-based approach learners can achieve grammatical conformity in their use of Target language. In the present
paper we will discuss the difference between various student/learner-centric methods. It will highlight the task-based approach in English Language Teaching + The paper will try to illustrate the Task-based Approach with the help of various tools used in the actual English language classroom.
This particular method will be helpful for creating rule focused activities, form focused activities, meaningful activities and meaning focused activities. It helps to create more interactive groups of learners in the English language classroom. This approach tries to create interest and enthusiasm
among the learners regarding the Target language. This paper intends to create resourceful language teachers in any kind of circumstances. It tries to bridge the gap between language study and language use. In short, the paper presents an effective learner-centric method for English language
Teaching in real classroom situations.
Language in Marketing and Management
Authors: Ghosh Shreya
Published: April 2022

Marketing is immensely important for any business association. Even though a business has the ability to produce high-quality goods and services, no one will ever purchase them if it is not able to convey the message effectively. Marketing communication also brings customers in the
door and keeps them coming back for more. There is a variety of components that marketers look forward to. Language is one of them. It is of paramount importance in order to effectively convey what the business is trying to deliver. Language is essentially the medium through which people communicate.
Marketing is all about effective communication. Even though most of the components of marketing work in conjunction with each other, it is important to address the aspect of language separately for effective and efficient communication with the customers. A specific target market consists
of different cultural groups with multiple ethnicities residing within it. Most businesses aim for spreading their operations globally. There are thousands of languages all over the world, and it has become difficult to manage the content. Each country has its own culture and different marketing
concepts apply in a different manner. It is important for businesses to educate themselves accordingly. A variety of language speakers must be targeted to gain exposure in different fields. Translation allows more receptiveness, enabling the potential buyers to see that a specific business
is ready to go beyond their limits and cater to the needs of consumers. Furthermore, the language used in marketing campaigns matters a lot. It can either make or break a business. Marketing mediums are ways of expressing what the business has to deliver. Expressions must be made by language
that suit the objective of the entire market campaign.
Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) and Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL); Hefty Tools for Workplace English Training: An Empirical Study
Authors: Chatterjee Santadip
Published: April 2022

To be above board, English Language is playing a gigantic role in terms of workplace communication. Workplace English training has a humongous demand to make employees proficient in terms of the four basic skills 'Listening', 'Speaking', 'Reading', 'Writing' (LSRW) of English language
to a tee. To make the grade in terms of workplace communication, effective and professional training is highly needed. To call a spade a spade, workplace English training has got a strategic ponderosity as it helps different organizations, companies to come out with triumphant in the international
market before one can say Jack Robinson. This paper also zeroes in on how to hone communication skills in English in terms of workplace training through Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) and Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL). Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) and Mobile
Assisted Language Learning (MALL) are helpful for the employees to continue their workplace English Training through online learning or E-learning along with their Professional work in a balanced manner. To talk Turkey, Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) and Mobile Assisted Language
Learning (MALL) are the two ballistic missiles of developing the communicative competence, pronunciation, fluency, grammatical competence, learning proper applications of vocabularies, developing Cognitive skills, Written Communication in terms of workplace English Training.
PEDAGOGIA DA TRANSMISSÃO DO FUTEBOL DE MULHERES
Authors: Rosa Marcelo Victor da , Peixoto Alini Silva , Ribeiro Leonardo Silva , Souza Giovana Mestriner de
Published: April 2022

Partindo-se da perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais e tendo como eixos as análises de poder e de gênero existentes no contexto do Futebol de Mulheres, o presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar os currículos atuantes em exibições de jogos do futebol profissional praticado por mulheres. Foram observadas exibições de jogos da primeira fase do Campeonato Brasileiro Feminino A1 em um recorte do artefato cultural compreendido por um canal, na plataforma YouTube, criado em 2013 e tendo por tema central de seu conteúdo o futebol. Caracterizada como uma pesquisa de campo exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, realizaram-se análises do recorte do artefato em que se observaram com maior destaque três aspectos do currículo ali presente: uma comparação entre o futebol delas com o dos homens, a valorização do Futebol de Mulheres e um desmerecimento dessa prática e das mulheres ali presentes. Esses aspectos integram a Pedagogia da Transmissão do Futebol de Mulheres, na maneira como ela se apresenta no contexto de ensino-aprendizagem que compôs o recorte do artefato nesse estudo.
Avaliação do Sistema de Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador para acidentes relacionados ao trabalho antes e após a implantação do software de linkage Sentinela, Porto Alegre/RS, 2018-2021
Authors: Suprinyak Fabiana Hermes , Menegolla Ivone Andreatta
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: avaliar atributos do sistema de vigilância dos acidentes de trabalho, antes e após o Sentinela, 2018-2021, e propor recomendações. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva de dados secundários, analisando os atributos qualidade dos dados (completitude e consistência), oportunidade e representatividade. Resultados: Após a implantação do Sentinela houve aumento da notificação de acidentes (66.16%), maior completitude das variáveis ‘atividade econômica’ (de 58,5% para 98.9%) e ‘evolução’ (de 64,3 para 96,3%), diminuição dos campos ignorados/branco, com destaque para a ‘evolução’ (de 35.7% para 3.7%), e melhora na oportunidade da notificação dos acidentes fatais (de 119 para 79 dias). O sistema é representativo. Conclusão: A vigilância dos acidentes de trabalho tem excelente qualidade dos dados, é inoportuna e representativa. O Sentinela aumentou a sensibilidade do sistema e a qualidade dos dados. É necessária avaliação rotineira dos atributos e realização de ações para melhorar a oportunidade, visando diminuir os riscos à saúde dos trabalhadores.
Passive earth pressure under various modes of wall movement: a numerical approach
Authors: Lanabi Houssem Eddine , Benmebarek Sadok , Benmebarek Naima
Published: April 2022

Numerical computations using an explicit-finite difference code were carried out to evaluate the passive earth pressure magnitude and distribution against a retaining wall subjected to different wall movement modes: translation (T), rotation about the bottom (RB) and rotation about the top (RT). In agreement with classical solutions, the results showed that, in T mode, passive earth pressure distribution was substantially hydrostatic with depth for all the wall displacement stages. However, when either RT or RB was considered, a clear non-linear distribution that was strongly affected by the wall displacement magnitude was noted. For the RT mode, due to the arching effect, the increase in earth pressure behind the lower half of the wall was more pronounced, with the wall displacement hardly affecting the centroid of the passive load distribution located below the commonly used one-third of the wall height. In RB mode, as wall rotation progressed, the passive earth pressure mobilised in upper part of the wall increased and its distribution gradually changed from a non-linear to linear distribution. Compared with previous experimental results available in the literature, it was found that mobilised passive earth pressure in RB and RT modes needs more displacement than in the T mode.
Kinematic limit analysis of unsaturated stepped excavation slopes under surcharge loads
Authors: Wang Long , Xu Meijuan , Li Jie , Zhou Enquan , Gao You
Published: April 2022

Stability assessments and design of stepped excavation slopes are of great practical significance and require explicit consideration of the three-dimensional (3D) effect and suction-related effects. In the realm of 3D kinematic limit analysis, this paper presents a semi-analytical method to quantify the impact of suction in stability assessments of stepped excavation slopes. The influences of surcharge load and seismic excitation are both considered from a kinematic perspective. Numerical experiments were conducted regarding the roles of soil suction, 3D effects, surcharge loads and seismic actions in safety assessments. An example is presented to show the practical use of the proposed method in engineering practice with respect to determination of the optimum shape of a stepped excavation slope characterised with a fixed slope toe and slope crest positions. The results demonstrate that the stability of stepped excavation slopes can be improved by 10–25% compared with the stability of a single-stage slope and the optimum depth coefficient (αopt) falls in the range 0.55–0.70 in most cases. For steeper excavation slopes, αopt might exceed this range while, for gentler slopes, αopt tends to be smaller than this range. The critical slip surface and 3D effects tend to be more pronounced with an increase in surcharge load.
Effect of foam volume on penetration parameters of foamed concrete
Authors: Rastegar Mohammad Mahdi , Bagheri Alireza
Published: April 2022

In this research, the effect of porosity owing to foam on the penetration parameters of foamed concrete, including absorption and chloride ingress, is evaluated. The penetration parameters of foamed concrete are determined using a water/cement (w/c) ratio of 0.5 and foam contents of 20, 35 and 50%, and then compared with the base mix without foam and with an equal w/c ratio. In addition, the penetration parameters of the structural-grade foam concrete with a w/c ratio of 0.4 and foam volume of 20% are determined and compared with a conventional concrete of equal strength. The results show that, with an increase in foam porosity, the volumetric absorption and the capillary absorption coefficient are decreased, and that therefore chloride diffusion is increased. The discrepancy is owing to the presentation of absorption results based on a total concrete volume. By considering these results based on paste volume, which is the penetrable phase, absorption results show the same trend as the chloride diffusion results. Increased foam volume results in larger and more connected air voids. Meanwhile, the structural-grade foam concrete has a similar performance to the base mix, and also shows less penetrability relative to conventional concrete of equal strength.