bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenolic Antioxidant Protection in the Initial Growth of Cryptocarya alba: Two Different Responses against Two Invasive Fabaceae
Authors: Rodríguez-Cerda Lorena , Guedes Lubia M. , Torres Solange , Gavilán Elvis , Aguilera Narciso
Published: October 2023

The allelophatic effect of the invasive Fabaceae, Ulex europaeus and Teline monspessulana, on the production of phenolic compounds in C. alba seedlings was investigated. It was expected that the oxidative stress caused by the allelochemicals released by both invaders would induce a differential response in the production of phenolic compounds in C. alba seedlings. These antioxidant mechanisms guaranteed C. alba plants’ survival, even to the detriment of their initial growth. Cryptocarya alba seedlings were irrigated with T. monspessulana (TE) and U. europaeus (UE) extracts and water as a control. After eight months, morphometric variables were evaluated, and leaves were collected for histochemical analysis. The methanol extracts from treatments and control leaves were used for anthocyanin, phenol, and antioxidant activity quantifications. Both invasive species induced an inhibitory effect on the morphometric variables. Teline monspessulana induced leaf damage and increased the anthocyanin content by 4.9-fold, but did not affect the phenol content. Ulex europaeus induces root damage and a decrease in phenol content, but does not affect the anthocyanin content. Both Fabaceae extracts affected the profile and polyphenol concentration and consequently decreased the antioxidant capacity of C. alba leaves at low extract concentrations. Phenols, lignin, and ROS accumulate on C. alba leaves, but the histochemical reactions were less intense under UE. Although C. alba develops different antioxidant protection mechanisms against stress induced by UE and TE, its survival is guaranteed, even to the detriment of its initial growth.
Modified Polyethylene Foams for Insulation Systems
Authors: Thomas Sabu , Ter-Zakaryan Karapet Armenovich , Zhukov Aleksey Dmitrievich , Bessonov Igor’ Vyacheslavovich
Published: October 2023

Effective insulation of buildings and other industrial objects requires the use of materials and system solutions that ensure maximum uniformity and density of insulation shells. The study focuses on the development of insulation systems based on expanded polyethylene and, in particular, on the development of modified polyethylene with reduced flammability containing a flame-retardant modified montmorillonite clay, which does not hinder gas formation, and silicate nanofillers in layered construction. Active experiments based on mathematical design methods allowed us to establish an analytical relationship between flame-retardant and modifier consumption and extruder pressure and response functions: average density of polyethylene foam and flammability criterion. The flammability criterion was taken as the oxygen index of the modified polyethylene foam. A foaming agent masterbatch was used as the flame retardant. Analytical optimization of mathematical models obtained as a result of active experiments allowed us to determine the optimal flame-retardant consumption, which was 3.7–3.8% of the polymer mass. Optimised systems for average density and oxygen index of flammability of modified polyethylene were obtained. A nomogram for predicting the material properties and selecting the composition, and an algorithm for a computer program for evaluating the properties of modified polyethylene foam as a function of the values of various factors, were developed. Taking into account the possible expansion of the scope of application of rolled polyethylene foam and seamless insulation shells based on it, possible solutions for insulation systems were studied using the program THERM, and a combined insulation system was adopted.
Molecular Simulation of Adsorption Separation of CO2 from Combustion Exhaust Mixture of Commercial Zeolites
Authors: Wang Yutong , Jiang Xu , Yang Xiong , Wang Shiqing , Qiu Xiaolong , Liu Lianbo , Gao Shiwang , Li Ziyi , Zhang Chuanzhao
Published: October 2023

The adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics of CO2 and six combustion products (H2O, SO2, N2, O2, NO and NO2) of two most commonly used commercial zeolites (13X and 5A) were studied based on validated molecular simulations. Adsorption isotherms at wide range of temperatures (253–333 K) were fitted by a Langmuir model, obtaining equilibrium parameters including the adsorption capacity, strength, heterogeneity and CO2 selectivity from the mixture. The diffusion coefficients, isosteric adsorption heats and distributions of potential energy were simulated for further explanation. The comprehensive evaluation results suggest that, in actual combustion product mixtures, the presence of H2O in combustion products has a significant impact on CO2 capture efficiency. Under the influence of water, the adsorption capacity of CO2 was reduced by over 80%.
The Influence of Wartime Turmoil on Buddhist Monasteries and Monks in the Jiangnan Region during the Yuan-Ming Transition
Authors: Liu Xunqian
Published: October 2023

This study explores the transformation of Buddhist culture in the Jiangnan region (present-day southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang), driven by wartime disruptions during the transition from the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming. The Yuan Dynasty witnessed the flourishing of Buddhism, and in Jiangnan, the thriving Zen tradition carried on the legacy of the Southern Song Dynasty. Buddhism found many adherents among the affluent gentry class in Jiangnan, fostering a culture of generous charity that sustained and expanded Buddhism in the region. However, the conflicts toward the end of the Yuan Dynasty inflicted considerable damage on the temples, causing monks to flee. Temples, recognizable landmarks during conflicts, were susceptible to military occupation. Visiting Goryeo monks Muhak Jacho and Naong Hyegeun, and Japanese monks Mumon Gensen and Ginan, were forced to abandon their travels and return to their respective homelands, disrupting the once-thriving Buddhist exchange between Jiangnan and broader East Asia. The chaotic environment also fostered alliances between influential monks and regional powers, providing refuge for monks and an opportunity for both sides to forge beneficial connections. Anti-Yuan factions strategically protected revered monks, leveraging their influence to attract literati and intellectuals, who shared common ethical and spiritual values. This dynamic showcased the mutual benefits derived from such collaboration. Through an exploration of the interplay between politics, social forces, and Buddhism, this paper examines the impact of wartime turmoil on the development of Buddhism in the Jiangnan region.
Cloud-to-Ground and Intra-Cloud Nowcasting Lightning Using a Semantic Segmentation Deep Learning Network
Authors: Fan Ling , Zhou Changhai
Published: October 2023

Weather forecasting requires a comprehensive analysis of various types of meteorology data, and with the wide application of deep learning in various fields, deep learning has proved to have powerful feature extraction capabilities. In this paper, from the viewpoint of an image semantic segmentation problem, a deep learning framework based on semantic segmentation is proposed to nowcast Cloud-to-Ground and Intra-Cloud lightning simultaneously within an hour. First, a dataset with spatiotemporal features is constructed using radar echo reflectivity data and lightning observation data. More specifically, each sample in the dataset consists of the past half hour of observations. Then, a Light3DUnet is presented based on 3D U-Net. The three-dimensional structured network can extract spatiotemporal features, and the encoder–decoder structure and the skip connection can handle small targets and recover more details. Due to the sparsity of lightning observations, a weighted cross-loss function was used to evaluate network performance. Finally, Light3DUnet was trained using the dataset to predict Cloud-to-Ground and Intra-Cloud lightning in the next hour. We evaluated the prediction performance of the network using a real-world dataset from middle China. The results show that Light3DUnet has a good ability to nowcast IC and CG lightning. Meanwhile, due to the spatial position coupling of IC and CG on a two-dimensional plane, predictions from summing the probabilistic prediction matrices will be augmented to obtain accurate prediction results for total flashes.
Characterization of an Acidogenic Bacterial Consortium as Probiotic and Its Effect on Rumen Fermentation In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Robles-Rodríguez Carolina , Cardoso-Carmona Diego , González-Dávalos Laura , Lozano-Flores Carlos , Páez-Trejo Allan , Shimada Armando , Mora Ofelia
Published: October 2023

Probiotics are live microorganisms that promote host health through microbiota balance and immune modulation. We assessed an acidogenic bacterial consortium (ABC) with promising probiotic properties, focusing on its resilience during transit through the digestive tract in ruminants and determining its optimal in vitro dosage. The ABC exhibited antibiotic resistance, thrived at pH levels between 5 and 7 for 24 and 48 h, and showed a 77% survival rate in artificial gastric juice. Moreover, it not only endured bile salt exposure but also multiplied. The ABC exhibited 10.74% of coaggregation capabilities against E. coli. Optimal dosage determination revealed that 4 × 108 was the ideal concentration, as higher doses did not yield significant differences in dry matter digestion. In the in vivo trial with Limousin Heifers, the ABC led to enhanced total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, increased daily weight gains, and improved feed conversion rates compared to the control group. These findings underscore the potential of the ABC as a probiotic to boost animal productivity and overall health.
Conversion of Hard to Soft Magnetic Ferrite Nanowires by Paramagnetic Shielding
Authors: Zeng Xian-Lin , Sivanesarajah Indujan , Hartmann Uwe
Published: October 2023

In this study, we investigate the magnetization behavior of coaxial nanowires fabricated through the sol-gel electrospinning method. Our analysis uncovers a significant reduction in coercivity for CoFe2O4 nanowires when BaTiO3 is used as the shell material, effectively transforming them from hard to soft magnetic. This intriguing behavior is attributed to the magnetization reversal effect at the interface between ferromagnetic and paramagnetic regions, and it is also observed in NiFe2O4 and Fe2O3 nanowires. Surprisingly, introducing a GdBa2Cu3O7 shell induces a similar effect. Additionally, we employ magnetic impedance measurements on the coaxial nanowires, unveiling their potential for magnetic field sensing applications.
Study on the Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Traditional Villages in the Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou Rocky Desertification Area
Authors: Yang Guanglei , Wu Lixin , Xie Liang , Liu Zhezheng , Li Zhe
Published: October 2023

This paper aims to analyze the distribution patterns of the Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou rocky desertification area, and provide efficient protection and development strategies. This region has a complex geographical environment, and it is distinguished by hosting China’s largest ethnic minority population and the highest concentration of autonomous ethnic counties among contiguous impoverished areas, with numerous traditional villages. Thus, it is significant to conduct a comprehensive study of traditional villages within this domain, with a particular focus on their centralized preservation and strategic utilization. This research employed ArcGIS and Geodetector software for a rigorous analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics and influential factors of traditional villages in the Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou rocky desertification area. The key findings can be summarized as follows. (1) The traditional villages in this region predominantly exhibit an agglomerative distribution pattern, with pronounced concentrations in southeast Guizhou and secondary concentrations in Anshun and Guilin. (2) Natural environmental factors, social economic factors, and national cultural factors impact the distribution of traditional villages synthetically by positive, median, or negative correlation. (3) The results of the Geodetector show that, significantly, social economic and national cultural factors exert a more pronounced influence than natural environmental factors, especially population density and intangible heritage quantity. The interaction of multiple factors shows an enhanced trend. (4) From the perspective of formation mechanism, natural environmental factors serve as foundational elements shaping the original distribution pattern; national cultural factors act as dominant determinants, accentuating spatial distribution distinctions across various regions and social economic factors emerge as critical catalysts for the sustainable development of traditional villages. The interaction factors can have a more profound impact. Furthermore, it is expected that this study will contribute to the effectiveness of ecology and economy in this area and more analogous regions.
Spatial Accessibility Analysis and Optimization Simulation of Urban Riverfront Space Based on Space Syntax and POIs: A Case Study of Songxi County, China
Authors: Luo Yirong , Lin Zhisen
Published: October 2023

Optimizing accessibility to urban riverfront spaces plays a pivotal role in enhancing the spatial vitality of urban regions and promoting the high-quality development of such areas. The degree of riverfront space accessibility can be assessed through the connectivity of urban roads, which directly impacts the spatial vitality of these areas. This study constructs an axial and segmental model of the urban road network based on the space syntax theory. Through the Geographic Information System (GIS), kernel density analysis is performed on the Points of Interest (POI) and Depthmap data of Songxi County to comprehensively examine the reasonableness of the segmental network model and its visual representation. Quantitative evaluation of the accessibility of riverfront space in Songxi County from three dimensions, namely topological accessibility, geometrical accessibility, and perceptual accessibility, is conducted. The results show that (1) the accessibility of high-value area of riverfront space in Songxi County’s central city exhibits an unbalanced distribution, with a concentration in the central area. (2) A certain degree of mismatch exists between the distribution area of high accessibility in urban space and that of the waterfront space, highlighting the need for improved traffic planning in the riverfront area. (3) Weak spatial connections are shown between the north and south riverfronts, with areas of high accessibility values showing a clear break at the riverbank. Based on the results of the quantitative analysis, the proposed approach involves optimizing the spatial layout of urban roads and riverfront spaces through several key strategies. These strategies encompass enhancing the layout of the transport network, strengthening the coupling links between the two sides of the river, enriching the functions of the riverfront space, and conducting simulations to test the feasibility of these measures. The simulation results revealed a noteworthy enhancement in the integration and choice value of urban roads and riverfront spaces. Therefore, the optimization strategy employed in this study significantly improved the connectivity and accessibility of the overall transport network, leading to a more balanced distribution of high accessibility value areas within the city and riverfront space. This paper centers on the interaction between individuals and the river, to enhance the restoration of riverfront vitality. As a result, it is anticipated to provide valuable insights into the sustainable development of riverfront spaces.
Aquatic Macrophytes Metal and Nutrient Concentration Variations, with Implication for Phytoremediation Potential in a Subtropical River System
Authors: Munyai Linton F. , Dalu Tatenda
Published: October 2023

Human activities have resulted in an increase in metal pollution within aquatic ecosystems, with most of these metals ending up being taken by macrophytes. Thus, these macrophytes provide an opportunity to study metal pollution dynamics and the role that macrophytes play in potentially translocating and accumulating these metals. Here, we studied three macrophyte species, namely Phragmites australis, Schoenoplectus corymbosus, and Typha capensis, and assessed their potential to be utilized in the phytoremediation of metals in an Austral subtropical river across three seasons. We measured P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn concentrations in macrophyte roots, stems, and leaves, and we further quantified the metal bioconcentration factor (BCF). The N, Ca, and Mg concentrations were generally high in P. australis leaves across all seasons. In general, high Na, Mg, and Ca concentrations were observed in T. capensis across seasons. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) values were generally low (<1) in most macrophyte parts for most metals during the cool-dry season, with the exception of Na, which had high BCF values > 1 (i.e., accumulators) across the different macrophyte parts. We found that P. australis and S. corymbosus have the potential to accumulate metals such as B, Na, Mg, Ca, and N and also have high phytoremediation potential for the studied metals. We found that the studied macrophytes were good at phytoremediation within the river system; however, for any treatment of polluted systems, it is better to use a combination of different macrophytes, as some were better at translocating certain metals than others.
Single and Joint Associations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure with Liver Function during Early Pregnancy
Authors: Dai Mi , Luo Lei , Xie Caiyan , Chen Zhongbao , Zhang Mingzhe , Xie Yan , Shang Xuejun , Shen Xubo , Tian Kunming , Zhou Yuanzhong
Published: October 2023

The individual and combined associations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) metabolites on liver function during pregnancy are still lacking. We aimed to explore the connection between urinary PAH metabolites and liver function in early pregnant women in southwest China based on the Zunyi birth cohort. Ten urinary PAH metabolites and five liver function parameters during early pregnancy were measured. The associations of single PAHs with parameters of liver function were assessed using multiple linear regression. A Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model was used to evaluate the joint associations of the PAH mixture with outcomes. We found that each 1% increment of urinary 2-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-OH-PHE) was associated with 3.36% (95% CI: 0.40%, 6.40%) higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and 2.22% (95% CI: 0.80%, 3.67%) higher aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Each 1% increment in 1-hydroxy-phenanthrene (1-OH-PHE) was significantly associated with 7.04% (95% CI: 1.61%, 12.75%) increased total bile acid (TBA). Additionally, there was a significant positive linear trend between 2-OH-PHE and AST and 1-OH-PHE and TBA. BKMR also showed a significant positive association of PAH mixture with AST. Our results indicate that PAH metabolites were associated with increased parameters of liver function among early pregnant women. Early pregnant women should pay more attention to the adverse relationships between PAHs and liver function parameters to prevent environment-related adverse perinatal outcomes.
The Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriophages Infecting Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli O1, O2 and O78 Strains
Authors: Smith Kat R. , Bumunang Emmanuel W. , Schlechte Jared , Waldner Matthew , Anany Hany , Walker Matthew , MacLean Kellie , Stanford Kim , Fairbrother John M. , Alexander Trevor W. , McAllister Tim A. , Abdul-Careem Mohamed Faizal , Niu Yan D.
Published: October 2023

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), such as O1, O2 and O78, are important serogroups relating to chicken health, being responsible for colibacillosis. In this study, we isolated and characterized bacteriophages (phages) from hen feces and human sewage in Alberta with the potential for controlling colibacillosis in laying hens. The lytic profile, host range, pH tolerance and morphology of seven APEC-infecting phages (ASO1A, ASO1B, ASO2A, ASO78A, ASO2B, AVIO78A and ASO78B) were assessed using a microplate phage virulence assay and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The potential safety of phages at the genome level was predicted using AMRFinderPlus and the Virulence Factor Database. Finally, phage genera and genetic relatedness with other known phages from the NCBI GenBank database were inferred using the virus intergenomic distance calculator and single gene-based phylogenetic trees. The seven APEC-infecting phages preferentially lysed APEC strains in this study, with ECL21443 (O2) being the most susceptible to phages (n = 5). ASO78A had the broadest host range, lysing all tested strains (n = 5) except ECL20885 (O1). Phages were viable at a pH of 2.5 or 3.5–9.0 after 4 h of incubation. Based on TEM, phages were classed as myovirus, siphovirus and podovirus. No genes associated with virulence, antimicrobial resistance or lysogeny were detected in phage genomes. Comparative genomic analysis placed six of the seven phages in five genera: Felixounavirus (ASO1A and ASO1B), Phapecoctavirus (ASO2A), Tequatrovirus (ASO78A), Kayfunavirus (ASO2B) and Sashavirus (AVIO78A). Based on the nucleotide intergenomic similarity (<70%), phage ASO78B was not assigned a genus in the siphovirus and could represent a new genus in class Caudoviricetes. The tail fiber protein phylogeny revealed variations within APEC-infecting phages and closely related phages. Diverse APEC-infecting phages harbored in the environment demonstrate the potential to control colibacillosis in poultry.
The Dynamics of Synthesis and Localization of Jumbo Phage RNA Polymerases inside Infected Cells
Authors: Antonova Daria , Belousova Viktoriia V. , Zhivkoplias Erik , Sobinina Mariia , Artamonova Tatyana , Vishnyakov Innokentii E. , Kurdyumova Inna , Arseniev Anatoly , Morozova Natalia , Severinov Konstantin , Khodorkovskii Mikhail , Yakunina Maria V.
Published: October 2023

A nucleus-like structure composed of phage-encoded proteins and containing replicating viral DNA is formed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells infected by jumbo bacteriophage phiKZ. The PhiKZ genes are transcribed independently from host RNA polymerase (RNAP) by two RNAPs encoded by the phage. The virion RNAP (vRNAP) transcribes early viral genes and must be injected into the cell with phage DNA. The non-virion RNAP (nvRNAP) is composed of early gene products and transcribes late viral genes. In this work, the dynamics of phage RNAPs localization during phage phiKZ infection were studied. We provide direct evidence of PhiKZ vRNAP injection in infected cells and show that it is excluded from the phage nucleus. The nvRNAP is synthesized shortly after the onset of infection and localizes in the nucleus. We propose that spatial separation of two phage RNAPs allows coordinated expression of phage genes belonging to different temporal classes.
Increasing Influenza Vaccination Uptake by Sending Reminders: A Representative Cross-Sectional Study on the Preferences of Italian Adults
Authors: Domnich Alexander , Grassi Riccardo , Fallani Elettra , Costantini Giulia , Panatto Donatella , Ogliastro Matilde , Salvatore Marco , Cambiaggi Maura , Vasco Alessandro , Orsi Andrea , Icardi Giancarlo
Published: October 2023

Evidence from countries that achieved a high seasonal influenza vaccination (SIV) coverage suggests that reminders to get vaccinated may increase SIV uptake. The goal of this study was to explore the experience and attitudes of Italian adults toward an active invitation to receive SIV, triggered by different sources and delivered via different communication channels, and to assess the projected benefits of this strategy. A cross-sectional survey on a representative sample of Italian adults was conducted by using computer-assisted web interviewing. Responses from 2513 subjects were analyzed. A total of 52.2% of individuals previously received invitations to undergo SIV and compared with people who did not receive any reminder were three times more likely (68.2% vs. 22.2%) to be vaccinated in the last season. Compared with other sources, reminders sent by general practitioners (GPs) were perceived as the most attractive. As for communication channels, most participants preferred text/instant messaging (24.6%) or email (27.2%), suggesting an acceleration in the Italian digital transformation triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. Conversely, traditional postal letters or phone calls were preferred by only 17.0% and 8.6% of respondents, respectively. Reminders sent by GPs via text/instant messages or email are a valuable option for increasing SIV uptake among Italian adults.
Autonomously Steering Vehicles along Unmarked Roads Using Low-Cost Sensing and Computational Systems
Authors: DeRose Giuseppe , Ramsey Austin , Dombecki Justin , Paul Nicholas , Chung Chan-Jin
Published: October 2023

The vast majority of autonomous driving systems are limited to applications on roads with clear lane markings and are implemented using commercial-grade sensing systems coupled with specialized graphic accelerator hardware. This research reviews an alternative approach for autonomously steering vehicles that eliminates the dependency on road markings and specialized hardware. A combination of machine vision, machine learning, and artificial intelligence based on popular pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) was used to drive a vehicle along roads lacking lane markings (unmarked roads). The team developed and tested this approach on the Autonomous Campus Transport (ACTor) vehicle—an autonomous vehicle development and research platform coupled with a low-cost webcam-based sensing system and minimal computational resources. The proposed solution was evaluated on real-world roads and varying environmental conditions. It was found that this solution may be used to successfully navigate unmarked roads autonomously with acceptable road-following behavior.
Study on the Calculation Method of Carbon Emissions in the Construction Industry: Targeting Small River Maintenance Projects in Korea
Authors: Song Youngseok , Park Moojong , Joo Jingul
Published: October 2023

The construction industry, responsible for approximately 30% of global carbon emissions, is closely linked to national development, making carbon reduction challenging. While national development is of paramount importance, it is essential to prioritize individual projects and establish a direction for reducing carbon emissions. The starting point should involve calculating the carbon emissions for each project and comprehending their quantitative impact. In this study, we calculated the carbon emissions for a small river maintenance project aimed at disaster prevention in the construction industry in Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. The total carbon emissions generated by the small river maintenance project in the target area amounted to 2016.6 tonCO2. By process, the embankment construction was responsible for 789.7 tonCO2, while the revetment construction contributed 1226.9 tonCO2. The analysis revealed that the carbon emissions generated by the small river maintenance project equated to 10.2 tonCO2/km of river length. Additionally, we developed an equation by applying the double-log function model (log–log) to small river length and carbon emissions. The coefficient of determination for the calculation equation is 0.42, which may not yield highly precise results. However, it is believed that this equation will provide a rough estimate of the carbon emissions associated with the small river maintenance project.
Study on Characteristics of Water Level Variations and Water Balance of the Largest Lake in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zheng Jingyuan , Wen Lijuan , Wang Mengxiao , Long Xiao , Shu Lele , Yang Liuyiyi
Published: October 2023

Qinghai Lake is the largest lake in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and China, it is also an important part of the national ecological security strategy. Since 1950s, the water level of Qinghai Lake has been changing rapidly, which induces great effects on the surrounding traffic facilities, residents’ safety and the development of animal husbandry, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to study the water level evolution and water balance of Qinghai Lake under the main impact of climate change. Based on meteorological and hydrological data from Buha River Hydrological Station, Xiashe Hydrological Station, and Gangcha Meteorological Station, CMFD, and water balance equation, this article first analyzes the interannual and intra-year water level evolution characteristics of Qinghai Lake from 1956 to 2020, including lake surface precipitation (P), runoff into the lake (Rs) and evaporation (E). Secondly, we conducted a study on the water level change characteristics calculated for fixed months. Finally, the contribution rate of each factor to the fluctuation of Qinghai Lake water level was quantitatively calculated using the ridge regression method. Results show that the annual average water level declined at a rate of 0.8 m decade−1 from 1956 to 2004, primarily due to E exceeding the sum of P and Rs. However, from 2004 to 2020, the water level increased at a rate of 1.7 m decade−1, mainly attributed to the increase in P and Rs. Qinghai Lake exhibits evident intra-year variations, with the water level starting to rise in May and reaching its peak in September, which aligns with the monthly variations of Rs, P, and E. Furthermore, the impacts of the current year’s P, Rs, and E on the annual water level fluctuations for fixed months of September to December is greater than that of the previous year. Specifically, the contributions of the current year’s P, Rs and E to the water level fluctuations calculated based on December data are 10%, 70%, and 20%, respectively. The contribution rate of meteorological factors to the rise and fall of water level was wind speed (33%), downward short-wave radiation (27%), precipitation (27%), downward long-wave radiation (11%) and specific humidity (2%).
Investigating Formation Factor–Hydraulic Conductivity Relations in Complex Geologic Environments: A Case Study in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Shih-Meng , Liu Guan-Yu , Dong Ming-Chia , Liao Yi-Fan , Li Jia-Sheng
Published: October 2023

The development of cost-effective methods for estimating hydraulic conductivity profiles has been an ongoing effort in the field of engineering practice, which can be used to increase availability to clarify the hydrogeological complexity of fractured rock aquifers for the aid of solving groundwater-related problems. A new methodology is presented, which combines electrical well logs, fluid conductivity logs, double-packer hydraulic tests, Archie’s law, and the Kozeny–Carman-Bear equation to investigate relations between formation factor (F) and hydraulic conductivity (K). Available geophysical and hydraulic test data measured from 88 boreholes in fractured rock formations in Taiwan were collected to perform the correlation studies. The correlation investigation outcomes indicate that the established F-K relations have the potential to serve as the transformation function for estimating hydraulic conductivity through the geological directly. To improve F-K relations in response to the effect of clay mineralogy, two proposed clustering techniques (the natural gamma ray threshold method and the modified Archie’s law method) successfully play an important role in filtering clayed data. The prevalence of clay content in most of Taiwan’s fractured rock formations has been found, which implies that careful consideration of clay-related issues in complex geologic formations is essential while applying Archie’s law theory. Finally, the predictive models for estimating hydraulic conductivity have been developed for three types of lithology (sandstone, schist, and slate).
Pressure Characteristics of Landslide-Generated Waves on Bridge Piers
Authors: Tian Ye , Wang Pingyi , Wang Meili
Published: October 2023

In a reservoir area, landslides can generate waves that pose a significant threat to bridge piers, endangering both property and human safety. This study utilized three-dimensional water tank experiments to simulate the generation of landslide-induced waves and their impact on bridge piers located on both riverbanks. The analysis focused on the types and distribution patterns of wave pressures on bridge piers. The results reveal the following key findings: (1) The results show that the wave pressures on the piers can be classified into two types: Pulsating pressure (Ppu) and Resonance pressure (Pre). Ppu represents the pressure generated during the wave action process. Ppu closely corresponds to the wave height-time process, with frequencies ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 Hz. Pre occurs prior to Ppu. Pre represents high-frequency vibrational waves generated when bridge piers resonate during wave action. Pre is observed primarily in deep water conditions and on the opposite riverbank, with frequencies ranging from 300 to 900 Hz. (2) On the bridge piers of the opposite riverbank, Ppu exhibits a nearly vertical distribution along the water depth, while on the same side, Ppu exhibits a sawtooth-like decrease along the water depth. Ppu increases with greater landslide volume and steeper landslide angles, and the maximum wave pressure distribution occurs near the water surface. (3) The distribution of Pre/Ppu along the water depth exhibits three forms: multiple-peak, single-peak, and no-peak, with the maximum positions for all conditions of Pre/Ppu occurring at approximately one-third of the water depth from the surface (Y/h=0.3). Finally, predictive formulas for the maximum wave pressures are provided.
INVESTIGATION OF THE COOLING EFFICIENCY OF THE PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER OF THE CONDENSER OF AN INDUSTRIAL REFRIGERATION MACHINE AT DIFFERENT FAN SPEEDS
Authors: Savvin N. , Garbuzov D.
Published: October 2023

A modern method of studying fluid flows through computer modeling in the SolidWorks Flow Simulation environment is considered. The model of the plate heat exchanger of the condenser of an industrial refrigeration machine acts as the object under study. The article compares the efficiency of heat transfer during the operation of fans at different speeds of the impeller. An overview of using SolidWorks Flow Simulation for process modeling cooling of the plate heat exchanger is provided. The use of infinitely variable speed control of each of the condenser fans provides the same cooling efficiency as when starting a smaller number of fans at the rated speed, but in the first case, greater energy efficiency can be achieved. Studies have been carried out, the results of which have obtained the values of the fan speeds of the plate heat exchanger of the condenser of the refrigeration machine under various fan configurations. These values are necessary for further computer simulation of the fan control system based on the frequency converter and to identify patterns between a decrease in the speed of fan motors and a decrease in their power consumption. SolidWorks Flow Simulation has been found to be a powerful tool for simulating low-velocity flows, enabling parallel design and radically changing fluid flow and heat transfer analysis
DESIGN DRAWING – A REVOLUTION IN RUSSIAN ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Slavina T.
Published: October 2023

The art of design drawing dates back to canticism. Russian architecture did not know design drawings: the clergy of pre-Petrine Russia resisted design drawings; A different situation arose when the autocrat took the construction business into his own hands. Peter I became acquainted with design drawing in England during the Great Embassy. By royal power, he introduced design drawing into practice in Russia, along with the concepts of “architectural tour, plan, facade, proportion, scale, perspective,” as well as with the attributes of the profession - drawing paper, drawing board, compass, etc. Architect of a new formation began to draw and draw. The article examines the importance of a design drawing in the creative process: the separation of design and construction, the ability to clarify plans with a sketch, replication of a project (“model design”), etc. The design drawing had such a radical impact on the development of Russian architecture, that we have the right to regard its appearance as a historical turning point in the profession of “architect” and as the beginning of the profession of “urban planner”. Methods of architectural education have changed. The design drawing is especially important in urban planning: the general plan of the city made it possible to model its structure and composition and implement Peter’s idea of regularity.
Syllabus Design for PKN-STAN Entrance Test: A Need Analysis
Authors: Basri Muhammad Hasan
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study is to scrutinize the needs of the prospective students of Politeknik Keuangan Negara – Sekolah Tinggi Akuntansi Negara (PKN-STAN) as well as to design syllabus for preparation program of PKN-STAN entrance test. This research was a descriptive research in which questionnaires were distributed to prospective students and on-going students of PKN- STAN while interviews were administered to graduates of PKN-STAN, English teachers of senior high school and English lecture. To obtain more accurate information on prospective students’ needs. The data were analysed in quantitative and qualitative method. The findings of this study revealed the needs for setting up the syllabus for preparation program of PKN-STAN entrance test. The proposed syllabus provided a set of topics/ materials on structure and written expressions and reading comprehension. The syllabus was implemented to prototype course materials completed with exercises. The syllabus was an integration of aims, objectives, and activities to bridge the gap on the prospective students’ present knowledge and the required knowledge for PKN-STAN entrance test..
Violence Against Children in the Novel 'Misteri Bilik Korek Api' by Ruwi Meita
Authors: Najlah Meylani Puteri
Published: October 2023

This study is driven by the dual objectives of comprehensively identifying and elucidating the diverse manifestations of violence against children within Ruwi Meita's novel "Misteri Bilik Korek Api" (The Mystery of the Matchbox Room).The selection of the theme of violence stems from the novel's portrayal of acts of violence directed towards children. To undertake a comprehensive analysis of these instances, this research employs a literary psychology approach, augmented by the conceptual framework provided by Azevedo and Viviane's typology of five distinct forms of violence. Employing a qualitative methodology, the study delves into the intricate fabric of the prose, facilitating an in-depth exploration and interpretation of the textual data. The outcomes of this inquiry illuminate five primary forms of violence that children undergo within the novel's narrative canvas: Indifference: Evidencing scenarios in which characters display an unsettling apathy towards the well-being of children. Contempt: Unveiling instances of disdain or disrespect aimed at children from other characters. Isolation: Illuminating instances where children are deliberately secluded or isolated from their social milieu. Rejection: Disclosing portrayals of children confronting exclusion or repudiation across various spheres of their existence. Terror: Exposing moments of intense fear and apprehension experienced by children as a result of threatening circumstances or actions.
Strategies Used by Professional Interpreter in Indonesian-English Simultaneous Interpreting
Authors: Agung I Gusti Ayu Mahatma , Utami Ni Putu Cahyani Putri , Sugianitri Ni Luh Ayu
Published: October 2023

The practice of simultaneous interpreting presents complex challenges due to its immediate nature and the need for prompt responses. Simultaneous interpreters are required to perform their tasks immediately in order to match the speaker’s pace. This may lead to information overload and difficulties in dealing with complex sentence structures or specialized terminology. In order to overcome the challenges encountered in simultaneous interpreting, interpreters employ a range of interpreting strategies. This study aims to investigate the strategies applied by a professional interpreter in the YouTube video entitled “Simultaneous Interpreting Example”. Qualitative method was applied in this study and the data was collected through observation and note-taking. The data was analyzed by applying the theory of interpreting strategies proposed by Li (2015). The result of the study revealed that there were six interpreting strategies employed by the interpreter in the video, namely addition, paraphrasing, compression, omission, segmentation, and restructuring. Addition is the most dominant strategy applied, followed by paraphrasing, and compression. These strategies enabled the interpreter to adapt to distinct language structures, improve audience comprehension, and efficiently convey complex ideas in cross-linguistic communication.
Using Mapping Pivotal as Teaching Moral Education Material and Historical Meaning in Banten Literature
Authors: Gailea Nurhaedah
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study is to obtain appropriate learning materials of character education using Mapping Pivotal Table in Banten Literature. This research is a qualitative research through content analysis method. The data is taken from Banten Legend; “Legend of Kiai Gede”, “Nyai Bansari”, “The Seven Wells”, and key informant with expert. In analyzing the data, the researcher used character table by Bohlin’s theory (2013) that consist of moral starting point, 1st morally pivotal point, 2nd morally pivotal point, challenge point, and new change. The result of this research showed that Banten Legends contain moral educational values. The moral educational values are religious, hard worker, patriotism, never give up, responsibility, sincerity, caring other people and mutual respect (Solehat & Ramadan, 2021). The result found a close relationship between the stories with historical of Banten. “The seven Wells” are location in Serang-Banten and people believed that they brought God’s mercy for women life. And women who want to get married are advised to bathe in the water of the seven wells so that it brings blessings for a new life. The early time to be Pandeglang or the regency is known well as the place of religious men which found in the explanation of the legend of Kiai Gede. And Nyai Bansari showed Banten women are smart and brave who fight for the independence of their nation (Murhandono and Juwono 2014).
Linguistic Code Mixing: A Study of an Australian YouTuber
Authors: Nur Serliah , Taufik Muh. , Al Munawara Sakina
Published: October 2023

Mixing one language to another languages in sociolinguistics is called code mixing. It happens in one of the Australian Youtuber, Damian Hoo, who currently living in Indonesia. Therefore, this research discussed about the types and functions of code mixing produced by Australian Youtuber, Damian Hoo, based on Hoffman’s (1991) theory. This research applied descriptive qualitative method. In collecting the data, the researchers applied documentation method. The  result of the research revealed that there are two types produced by Damian Hoo in his YouTube channel, namely intra-sentential code mixing with 55 data and involving a change of pronunciation with only 2 data. For the functions of code mixing, there are six functions of code mixing which are used by Damian Hoo, such as talking about a particular topic as the highest number for function with 25 data, being emphatic about something with 10 data, interjection with 3 data, repetition used for clarification with 6 data, intention of clarifying the speech content for the interlocutor with 12 data, and the last expressing group identity with only 1 data which makes this function is the less used function of code mixing. And the researchers did not find any data of the  intra-lexical code mixing and function for quoting somebody else.
The Impact of Slang Language Used By “Gen Z” On The Existence of Indonesian Language
Authors: Zulkhaeriyah Zulkhaeriyah , Rosyadi ZA Dede , Pujiati Tri
Published: October 2023

Social media is enlivened by young people and does not rule out the possibility of the elderly enlivening it. Not only that, the creativity shown by young people in this era of modernization also gives rise to language variations that are varied from the standard or correct language in terms of grammar, but are made simpler, shorter, so that what is called among young people is slang.This research aims to find out the impact of Language Slang used by “Gen Z” towards the existence of Indonesian language; The research method used by researchers is descriptive qualitative research method. This research uses data collection techniques with documentation, listening and recording which is sourced from social media such as, Twitter, WA, and TikTok. The result shows that slang have an impact on enriching and expanding the vocabulary of the Indonesian language. On the other hand, the bad impact of the use of Slang are Indonesian is in danger of being replaced by slang, decreasing the degree of Indonesian, causing the extinction of the Indonesian language. Some terms or slang can become popular and widely used by the community so that they become part of the broader Indonesian language. So it is very importance to balance the use of slang with the ability to use good and correct Indonesian in a formal or professional context. This can also be done by improving understanding of grammar rules as well as learning to use more appropriate and standardized vocabulary in formal situations.
Proficient Language Learners’ Perception on the Use of Affective Strategies in Presentation
Authors: Tahmina Tania
Published: October 2023

EFL learners employ various strategies in presentation. Affective strategies help them to give effective presentation in English on any topic. The objective of this study was to find out the most frequently used affective strategies adopted by the proficient learners of the Department of English, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, in their presentation sessions. A mixed-methods approach was used to collect the data in this research. The participants of this research were fourteen (five males and nine females) proficient learners. Oxford’s (1990) SILL (“Strategy Inventory for Language Learning”) questionnaire and interview were used to collect the data. The result showed that the good language learners employed the following affective strategy most frequently to develop their presentation skills: “I encourage myself to speak a foreign language even when I am afraid of making a mistake” (50% ). The next most frequently used strategy was “I talk to someone else about how I feel when I am learning a foreign language” (42.85% ). The third most used strategy was “I notice if I am tensed or nervous when I am studying or using a foreign language” (28.59%). The findings of the research will help learners to develop their presentation skills in English in Bangladesh.
PTSP kao uzrok proglašenja ništavosti ženidbe. Istraživanje na Crkvenom interdijecezanskom sudu prvoga stupnja u Splitu
Authors: Mihalj Dijana , Šparada Gina , Vidović Boris
Published: October 2023

Rad je podijeljen na teoretski dio, u kojem se govori o PTSP-u i o procesu proglašenja ništavosti ženidbe, te na metodološki dio, u kojem je opisan motiv istraživanja, uzorak i kriterij njegova uključenja, materijali, metode i postupak istraživanja, rezultati i rasprava o rezultatima. Metode kojima je provedeno istraživanje su metode deskriptivne (opisne) statistike.Parnice koje smo uzeli u obzir odnose se na razdoblje od 2000. do 2020. g., u kojem je pokrenuto više od 1000 parnica , od kojih je njih 102 vođeno prema kanonu 1095, br. 3. U ovom istraživanju usredotočili smo se samo na 18 slučajeva u kojima su parnice vođene po kanonu 1095, br. 3., a kojima je polazište bio upravo posttraumatski stresni poremećaj. U svih 18 slučajeva ženidbe su proglašene ništavima.