bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ahmed Fuad Baturay ve Urfa Valiliği (1924-1928)
Authors: BİLGİ Nejdet
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmada, Ahmed Fuad Baturay’ın hayatı ve beş yıla yakın süren Urfa valiliği dönemi ele alınacaktır. Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında Urfa vilayetinin yönetimi ve durumu belirlenirken, valinin rolüne de vurgu yapılacaktır. Yeni rejimin oturtulmaya çalışıldığı yıllarda, yaklaşık 5 yıl görevde kalabilen bir valinin, başarılı görülmüş olması muhtemeldir. Çalışmada, Osmanlı Arşivi ve İçişleri Bakanlığı Arşivi belgeleri esas alınacaktır. Urfa, Yirminci Yüzyıl’ın başlarında Halep Vilayeti'nin üç sancağından (Halep, Maraş ve Urfa) birisiydi. Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın başladığı 1914 yılında ise, bağımsız sancak haline getirilmişti. 1914 yılında sancağa bağlı Urfa, Birecik, Rakka, Suruç ve Harran adlarıyla beş kaza bulunuyordu. Millî Mücadele’nin sona ermesinin ardından, bağlı veya bağımsız bütün sancaklar vilayete dönüştürüldü. Böylece Urfa da vilayet statüsü kazandı. Bu tarihlerde merkez ilçesi dışında Birecik, Suruç ve Harran kazalarından oluşuyordu. Millî Mücadele ve Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında valilerin önemi büyüktür. İşgalcilerle mücadeleden sonra, yeni rejimin karşılaştığı zorluklarla uğraşmışlardır. Cumhuriyet’in ilan edildiği 1923 yılında Urfa valiliğinde İsmail İzzet Bey bulunuyordu. İsmail İzzet Bey’in 9 Mart 1924 tarihinde görevden alınmasından sonra, yerine Ahmed Fuad Bey atandı. 30 Mart 1924 tarihinde başladığı bu görevde, 21 Ekim 1928 tarihine kadar, yaklaşık 4 yıl 7 ay kaldı. Daha önce çeşitli kaymakamlıklarında bulunmuş bir süre mülkiye müfettişliği yaptıktan sonra Urfa valiliğine atanmıştır. Ardından Tekirdağ, Manisa, Kastamonu ve Antalya valiliklerinde görev yapmıştır.
Fransa Elçisi Kont Césy’nin Notlarında 1630 Tarihli Osmanlı-Lehistan Barışı ve İstanbul Diplomasisi
Authors: CEVRİOGLU Mahmut Halef
Published: July 2022

Son yıllarda gelişen Osmanlı siyasi tarihi literatürü, XVI. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Osmanlıların barışçıl bir dış politika izlediğine işaret etmiştir. Mevcut çalışma, XVII. yüzyılın ilk yarısında bu anlayışın bir uzantısı olarak Osmanlıların serhat bölgesinde barış anlaşmaları imzalamaya başladığına dikkat çekmektedir. Vaka analizi olarak seçilen 1630 yılı Osmanlı-Leh muahedesi örneği, hem Osmanlıların Rumeli serhaddinde yürüttüğü müzakerelere hem de Leh elçisi Aleksander Piaseczyński’nin şahsen bulunduğu İstanbul’da yapılan barış görüşmelerine odaklanmaktadır. Kaynak olarak İstanbul’da bulunan Avrupalı elçilerin raporları seçilmiş ve bilhassa Fransa elçisi Kont Césy’nin Leh otoriterlerle irtibatı muahedenin arka planına dair aydınlatıcı olmuştur. Nihayetinde iki tarafın da Kazak ve Tatar akınlarının durmasına ilişkin taleplerinin uzun vadede karşılıksız kalması, Osmanlı idaresinin barışın formel/resmi tarafıyla değil de birden fazla cephede savaştan kaçınmak ve siyasi çıkarlarını korumak için sulh yenilemekle ilgilendiğine işaret etmektedir.
In the Light of Procopios’s De Aedificııs and Archeological Findings, New Observations and Evaluations on Iustinianus Period Activities on the Theodosiopolis-Trapezus Route
Authors: EMİR Osman
Published: July 2022

In De Aedificiis, Procopius talks about the defensive construction activities carried out in Northeast Anatolia during the reign of Emperor Iustinianus (527-565). However, the locations of these defensive structures mentioned in Procopios are still debated today. The lack of sufficient information on this subject in ancient literary sources, the lack of Archeological findings were the main reasons for the uncertainty about the location of these defensive structures. This study has evaluated the recent survey data of some built-up areas reported on the line of Theodosiopolis (Erzurum)-Trapezus (Trabzon) in the light of archaeological findings and toponymical determinations, and made new suggestions.
THE PHENOMENON OF POST-MEMORY IN W.G. SEBALD’S LITERARY REFLECTION
Authors: Kalashnikova Julia А.
Published: July 2022

The article is dedicated to the problem of artistic understanding of trauma experience in W.G. Sebald’s prose, exemplified by his essay “The Natural History of Destruction”, novels “The Rings of Saturn” and “Austerlitz”. A brief analysis of Sebald’s reflection on the German trauma literature, which Sebald, as a literary critic, problematized in his lectures and essay, is presented. The focus is on the role of the phenomenon of post-memory, as well as how exactly this concept can be applied to the analysis of Sebald’s novels. Particular attention is paid to the therapeutic aspect of writing. The aspect is connected with the need to highlight the dialogic relations within the text. As a result of the study, it was found that the narration in Sebald’s prose is based on a dialogue (between the characters, between the author and the reader, on the dialogue of images and verbal text). This type of construction is one of the possible options for composition of narration, giving access to the artistic expression of traumatic experience, which in other cases is inaccessible to those who write about trauma (P. de Mendelssohn, A. Schmidt).
“I am against the illusion that a book can cure”
Authors: Vasyakina Oksana , Maksimova Ekaterina
Published: July 2022

Oksana Vasyakina is a poet, writer, author of the books “Women’s prose”, “Wind of Fury”, “Wound”. Laureate of the “Lyceum Award” (2019) and the “NOS (New literature) Award” (2022). In this issue of P&I Oksana Vasyakina talks about wounds and traumas, contemplates about the people of the hills and the people of the steppe, recalls the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute and karaoke in Tsaritsyno. Interview by Ekaterina Maksimova.
Responsiveness to Religious Inequalities in Contexts of Displacement: Evidence from Providers of Humanitarian Assistance to Shi'a Hazara Refugees from Afghanistan in Pakistan
Authors: Eggert Jennifer Philippa , Kanwer Maryam , Mirza Jaffer Abbas
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses inequalities caused or exacerbated by religious diversity in displacement and how humanitarian action can be aware of and responsive to this. It is based on interviews with Shi’a Hazara refugees from Afghanistan and local, national and international providers of humanitarian support in Pakistan.
The philosophy of Russian Westernism: how to teach it today
Authors: Zhukov Vadim N.
Published: July 2022

The problem of the rejection of Western influence in favour of the preservation of Russian traditions is examined using the example of the philosophy of Russian Westernism, which is taught in the general philosophy course at universities. The article shows the fundamental difference between the two types of Westernism — Russian Westernism and modern pseudo-Westernism.
Lineage and phylogenetic analysis of HPV-16, -18 in saliva of HNSCC patients
Authors: Koopaie Maryam , Nematollahi Mohamad Amin , Dadar Maryam , Manifar Soheila
Published: July 2022

Aim: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is a global health problem whose incidence varies by geographic region and race according to risk factors. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a significant risk factor for HNSCC. HPV-16 and HPV-18 are two forms of HPV that are carcinogenic. HNSCCs that are HPV positive have a better prognosis rather than HPV negative. The purpose of this research was to characterize HPV-16, -18 variations in the saliva of HNSCC patients by examining the genetic diversity of HPV-16, -18 utilizing the full E6, E7, and L1 genes. Methods: The case-control research included 15 patients with HNSCC and 15 healthy volunteers. Unstimulated entire saliva samples were obtained from the case and control groups by spitting method. Genomic DNA was isolated from all saliva samples. A PCR reaction was used to determine the presence of HPV in saliva. HPV-positive samples were genotyped and data were analyzed. We conducted a variant study on the HPV-16, -18 E6, and E7 genes. Results: Three patients with HNSCC were HPVpositive for two HPV genotypes out of 30 people diagnosed with HPV-DNA. HPV-16 and -18 were the most common genotypes. The HPV-16, -18 E6, and E7 genes were sequenced and compared to the HPV-16, -18 (E6, E7) prototype sequence. In all, HPV-16 lineages A1 and HPV-18 lineages A3 were discovered. Conclusion: Regarding the variation of HPV found in Iranian HNSCC patients, the need for further studies in HPV genotyping was seen. Sequencing HPV genes in HNSCC may help answer questions about HPV genotyping in the Iranian population. HPV genotype analysis aids in the development of vaccinations against HNSCC, halting disease progression and preventing HPV-associated HNSCC.
Analysis of dentistry content on instagram® and the use of social networks by brazilian dental students
Authors: Cumerlato Catarina Borges da Fonseca , Rotta Rodrigo Nunes , Chisini Luiz Alexandre , Oliveira Luísa Jardim Corrêa de , Correa Marcos Britto
Published: July 2022

Aim: The aim of our study was to analyze the content related to dentistry published on Instagram® and to investigate the students’ profiles related to the use of social networks in a sample from a Dentistry School. Methods: This study was carried out in two stages. First, research was conducted to analyze content published on Instagram® related to dentistry. The second part investigated the profiles of students’ from a dental school in relation to the use of social networks through a questionnaire. A descriptive analysis was performed and associations between the variables were tested using Fisher’s exact test. Results: We found a diversified and large amount of content related to dentistry published on Instagram®, and publications that involved advertising were more prevalent in our study. There are also many publications that are violating the Code of Dental Ethics. In addition, in the second part of our study, we observed an enormous use of social networks by dental students (98.4%). Conclusions: As a result, we believe that it is important to update professionals about the ethical infractions related to social networks which could be approached during graduate courses in universities. Finally, the analyzed social network seems to be an interesting alternative for disseminating health information in order to dialogue with greater proximity to the large number of users who participate in it.
Antioxidant Properties of Sesamum indicum Seeds using Different Solvents
Authors: Agbemade Blessed , Frempong Theophilus Fadjare , Badu And Mercy
Published: July 2022

Sesamum indicum is considered an underutilized oil-bearing seed in the semi-arid regions of Ghana. Nonetheless, it is a promising source of food with both nutritional and therapeutic benefits. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties S. indicum seeds using different extraction solvents. The seeds were obtained from the local farmers and prepared for analysis. The bioactive compounds present in the seeds were extracted using hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water and their yields quantified. Total phenolic content (TPC), Condensed tannin content (TTC) and Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) , and DPPH radical scaveging assay were analyzed using standard methods. Antinutrients such as saponins, alkaloids, phytates and oxalates were also analyzed from the powdered seeds. Two chemometric methods; hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and Pearson correlation were employed to evaluate the interdependence of the various parameters to result in their antioxidant properties. The re-sults revealed that the solvents utilized had a significant impact on the extraction yield, phyto-chemical component concentration, and antioxidant activities. Hexane extracts of S. indicum seeds significantly exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (p < 0.05). It was marked with the highest TAC value of 232.6 ± 6.267 mg/g AAE and a strong DPPH scavenging activity with an IC50 of 52.81 ± 2.30 µg/mL. Correlations (p < 0.05) was established between TPC,CTC, TAC and DPPH radical scavenging activity) of the extracts. Antinutrients such as; phytate, oxalate, saponins and alkaloids were found to be 7.691 ± 0.8576, 1.501 ± 0.1375, 21.33 ± 4.619 and 317.33 ± 30.29 mg/g respectively. Data obtained suggest that S. indicum possess rich bioactive compounds that can be used in neutraceuticals and food products.
Regulation and Impact of Hepatitis B x Protein in Persistence and Oncogenesis of Hepatitis B Virus
Authors: Garg Garima , Purwar Shashank , Singh Anirudh K. , Vyas Ashish Kumar
Published: July 2022

Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) Virus infection is major etiological factor for liver cirrhosis and/ or liver cancer. The viral protein, major contributor in predisposition of chronicity and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is Hepatitis B x (HBx) protein. Its dynamic subcellular distribution to an extent determines its multifactorial role. It is a regulatory protein which modulates viral as well as host machinery in favours to HBV persistence. An insight on HBx stabilising factors is critical for therapeutic purpose. The precise role of HBx in the pathogenesis of Chronicity of HBV is not known. Summary: This review comprehensively summarizing different mechanisms and their regulation by HBx protein with respect to chronicity and HCC emphasising viral persistence. Key Messages 1. HBx is a key protein for viral persistence. 2. Dynamic subcellular distribution of HBx determines its function. 3. HBx modulates cellular machinery to favours HBV survival. 4. HBx affects various intermediary mechanisms contributing to disease progression. 5. HBx may be a potent target to prevent the disease progression towards HCC.
AMM-FuseNet: Attention based Multi Modal Image Fusion Network for Land Cover Mapping
Authors: Ma Wanli , Karakus Oktay , Rosin Paul L.
Published: July 2022

Land cover mapping provides spatial information on the physical properties of the Earth’s surface, for various classes of wetlands, artificial surface and constructions, vineyards, water bodies, etc. Having reliable information on land cover is crucial to developing solutions to a variety of environmental problems such as destruction of important wetlands/forests, and loss of fish and wildlife habitats. This has made land cover mapping one of the most widespread application areas in remote sensing computational imaging. However, due to the differences between modalities in terms of resolutions, content, and sensors, integrating complementary information that multi-modal remote sensing imagery exhibits into a robust and accurate system still remains challenging, and classical segmentation approaches generally do not give satisfactory results for land cover mapping. In this paper, we propose a novel dynamic deep network architecture, AMM-FuseNet, that promotes the use of multi-modal remote sensing images for the purpose of land cover mapping. The proposed network exploits the hybrid approach of the Channel Attention mechanism and Densely Connected Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (DenseASPP). In the experimental analysis, in order to to verify the validity of the proposed method, we test AMM-FuseNet applied to four datasets whilst comparing it to the 6 state-of-the-art models of DeepLabV3+, PSPNet, UNet, SegNet, DenseASPP, and DANet. In addition, we also demonstrate the capability of AMM-FuseNet under minimal training supervision (reduced number of training samples) compared to the state-of-the-art, achieving less accuracy loss even for the case with 1/20 of the training samples.
Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) in Screening of Botanicals – its Versatile Potential and Selected Applications
Authors: Kowalska Teresa , Sajewicz Mieczysław
Published: July 2022

The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive overview of the main aims and scopes in screening of botanicals, a task which thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is on an everyday basis confronted with and engaged in. Stunning omnipresence of this modest analytical technique (both in its standard format (TLC) and the high-performance one (HPTLC), either hyphenated or not) for many analysts might at a first glance appear chaotic and random, with an auxiliary rather than leading role in research, and not capable of issuing meaningful final statements. Based on these reflections, our purpose is not to present a general review paper on TLC in screening of botanicals, but a blueprint rather (illustrated with a selection of practical examples), which highlights a sovereign and important role of TLC in accomplishing the following analytical tasks: (i) solving puzzles related to chemotaxonomy of plants, (ii) screening a wide spectrum of biological properties of plants, (iii) providing quality control of herbal medicines and alimentary and cosmetic products of biological origin, and (iv) tracing psychoactive plants under forensic surveillance.
MANAJEMEN MARKETING JASA PENDIDIKAN DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Sugeng Sugeng Lubar Prastowo
Published: July 2022

Teknologi informasi digital menjadi media digital marketing bagi lembaga jasa pendidikan, dalam memperkenalkan sekaligus memperbaiki citra pendidikan. Melalui pemasaran digital, calon konsumen akan mengenal, dan tertarik untuk lebih mengetahui lembaga pendidikan tersebut. Penelitian ini berfokus pada strategi marketing yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan citra pendidikan pada lembaga pendidikan, serta menjelaskan platform digital marketing apa yang strategis untuk meningkatkan minat masyarakat memilih tempat pendidikan yang ditawarkan. Metode penelitian menggunakan literature review, dengan sumber analisis dari artikel-artikel jurnal ilmiah yang bereputasi. Hasil analisis ditarik kesimpulan, bahwa pemasar jasa pendidikan sebaiknya melakukan  identifikasi terlebih dahulu atas permasalahan, kebutuhan, keinginan dan potensi masyarakat, kemudian melakukan segmentasi pasar, targeting, dan positioning pada produk jasa pendidikan. Pemasaran jasa pendidikan dilakukan dengan teknik pemasaran yang dikenal dengan bauran pemasaran 7P, yaitu penentuan produk (product), harga (price), lokasi (place), promosi (promotion), orang (people), proses (process), dan bukti fisik (physical evidence).
Study of Speech Acts of Directive Verses of Command in Qur’an Surah al-Mulk
Authors: Mustaka J.P. Angga
Published: July 2022

The background of this article departs from the high popularity of Surat al-Mulk. The study of most vital directive speech acts in this study, namely commanding verses and what are the directive speech acts of commands to the verses contained in Surah al-Mulk. Mulk. The research method used is the method of critical discourse analysis of the verses of Q.S. al-Mulk. Data collection techniques used are documents or documentation. The data analysis technique in this article uses Creswell's qualitative data analysis model. The approach used in this study is pragmatic. The results of this study indicate that there are eight directive speech acts in Surah al-Mulk with different functions. Among them is the form of orders to do or not do something, the form of direct orders, and the forms of indirect orders, namely the command of Allah to His servants through the intermediary of the Prophet Muhammad S.A.W.
Meta Synthesis of GCG, SSB, and CSR on Islamic Banking Performance
Authors: Usdeldi Usdeldi , Nasir M. Ridlwan , Ahsan Muhamad
Published: July 2022

This research applies a meta-synthesis of research articles on financial and maqasid sharia performance from three dimensions: Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB), and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The meta-synthesis was carried out on 50 articles from Scopus-indexed international (Q4-Q1) and Sinta-accredited national (S5-S1) journals published between 2000 and 2020. The meta-synthesis is used as a qualitative systematic review method, which has not been used in similar studies. The results show an inconsistent influence of exogenous variables (GCG, SSB, and CSR) on endogenous variables (financial performance and maqasid sharia performance). The inconsistency is likely due to differences in various and incomprehensive uses of variables and measurement indicators. The optimal implementation of GCG, SSB, and CSR  can affect financial performance.
The Role of Social Media in Promoting Indonesian Women’s Online Entrepreneurship: Prospects, Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri , Mustaqim Muhamad
Published: July 2022

 

 

Social media nowadays has been inevitably used by people in the world. It plays significant roles for human’s society including as the way of marketing and trading of products. The aim of this study was mainly to explore the prospects of using social media in driving and developing women’s entrepreneurship, its challenges and strategies. This present study anchored in a qualitative research. Data were garnered through semi-structured interviews to Indonesian women living in Kudus, Central Java, Indonesia running their online entrepreneurship as the additional job not the main ones. The results of the study revealed that the prospects of using social media cover it is beneficial for women’s entrepreneurship in improving sales and pursuing the innovation in their online business, it offers others to be reseller in a number of products and it allows the women to develop their online entrepreneurship. However, there are a number of challenges of using social media in online entrepreneurship including the emergence of negative comments and complaints about the products from costumers that will lead to decrease the reputation of business, poor connection of internet which may hinder a better business management, and the lack of knowledge about social media and team that can hinder these women entrepreneurs to handle their customers’ inquiries. Some strategies that need to be taken into account in online women’s entrepreneurship cover women entrepreneurs are supposed to upload new and up-to-date products, give best services to customers, collaborate with Shopee application (online shopping platform) in which they will get less risk in online business through its system and increase their innovation through online business class and trainings. The findings of the study offer an implication to the need of being innovative through the use of technology and social media in running online entrepreneurship particularly for women entrepreneurs since its flexibility and benefits as one of the ways to get additional income.
Борьба штаммов COVID-19 в г. Москва: альфа, дельта, омикрон, стелс (июль 2022)
Authors: Соколов Александр , Соколова Любовь
Published: July 2022

Технология сбалансированной идентификации применяется для моделирования динамики заболеваемости Covid-19. Метод сбалансированной идентификации основан на принципах регуляризации и оценки погрешности моделирования перекрестной проверкой. Рассматривается ряд моделей, в том числе модели конкуренции штаммов. Приводятся прогнозы заболеваемости в Москве.
Research on Theory and Technology of Floor Heave Control in Semicoal Rock Roadway: Taking Longhu Coal Mine in Qitaihe Mining Area as an Example
Authors: Zhou Xuming , Wang Sheng , Li Xuelong , Meng Jingjing , Li Zhen , Zhang Linhan , Pu Dongdong , Wang Longkang
Published: July 2022

As one of the most common disasters in deep mine roadway, floor heave has caused serious obstacles to mine transportation and normal production activities. The third section winch roadway in the third mining area of Qitaihe Longhu coal mine has a serious floor heave due to the large buried depths of the roadway and the semicoal rock roadway, and the maximum floor heave is 750 mm. For the problem of floor stability, this paper establishes a mechanical model to analyze the stability of roadway floor heave by analogy with the basement heave of deep foundation pit. It provides a model reference for analyzing the problem of roadway floor heave. Aiming at the problem of roadway floor heave in Longhu coal mine, the roadway model is established by using FLAC3D, and the roadway model after support is established according to the on-site support measures. Through the analysis of the distribution of roadway plastic area, stress nephogram, and displacement field simulation results, the results show that the maximum displacement of roadway roof and floor after support is reduced by 15% and 23%, but the maximum floor heave is still 770 mm, which is close to the measured floor heave of roadway. In order to solve the problem of roadway floor heave and integrate economic factors, this paper puts forward three support optimization schemes, simulates the support effect of each scheme, and finally determines that scheme 3 is the best support optimization scheme. Compared with that under the original support, the amount of floor heave is reduced by 81%, and the final amount of floor heave is 150 mm, which can meet the requirements of roadway floor deformation. The results provide a scheme and guidance for roadway support optimization.
Controlling Factors and Quantitative Characterization of Pore Development in Marine-Continental Transitional Shale
Authors: Xu Kun , Chen Shijia , Tao Ziqiang , Lu Jungang , He Qingbo , Li Chen
Published: July 2022

The pore characteristics are studied in the overmatured marine-continental transitional (MCT) shale and simulated shale under different thermal maturity conditions, based on transitional and simulated shale samples in the eastern margin of Ordos Basin. The work uses high-pressure mercury intrusion (MICP), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), helium-mercury method, X-ray diffraction of whole-rock minerals, and hydrocarbon-generating thermal simulation to quantitatively analyze pore characteristics and main controlling factors of pore development. The results show that the shallow bay and lake facies (SBLF) shale has great exploration potential, while the delta facies (DF) shale has poor exploration potential. The SBLF shale is mainly characterized by pie shale, high quartz and carbonate, low clay, high porosity, and pore volume. The DF shale mainly develops dot shale with low quartz and carbonate content, high clay content, low porosity, and pore volume. Kaolinite has the strongest inhibition on MTC shale pore development. The pore volume of MTC shale decreases first and then increases with maturity. The pie shale is more conducive to the increase of pore volume than the dot shale. The effect of doubled TOC on porosity is greater than that of maturity in the dot shale. The effect of doubled TOC on porosity is less than that of maturity in the pie shale. Organic matter (OM) has the greatest impact on pore development, controlled by the OM content, sedimentary facies, and maturity. OM content, sedimentary facies, and maturity can be used to jointly characterize the MTC shale pore development, providing guidance for multiparameter quantitative characterization of pore development and determining the enrichment area of shale gas.
Association between levels of radon and bioaerosols (bacteria and fungi) by living conditions
Authors: Hwang Sung Ho , Lee Sangwon , Won Jong-Uk , Cha Hyo Soung , Park Wha Me
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to measure the levels of airborne radon (Rn) and bioaerosols—culturable airborne bacteria (CAB) and culturable airborne fungi (CAF)—in South Korea’s residential environments, considering living conditions such as the number of ventilations, number of windows, floors, temperature, and relative humidity. These levels were evaluated for 32 houses of residents from the socially vulnerable class. Rn gas and bioaerosols were sampled twice: in fall and summer. A self-report survey gathered residents’ information on their general characteristics (daily residence time, heating and cooking type, cleaning and washing cycle, etc.) and health condition scores (0–100 points) on the day of sampling. The range of Rn levels was 0.43–7.439 pCi/L with a median of 0.70 pCi/L. The CAB levels were 239–488 colony-forming unit (CFU)/m3 with a median of 309 CFU/m3, and CAF levels were 174–366 CFU/m3 with a median of 233 CFU/m3. Thus, this study found that semi-basement residential indoor environments negatively affected Rn and bioaerosol levels, and living in such residences resulted in high health condition scores.
A Study on Preparation and Characterization of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Lucerne (alfalfa) Waste Fibers
Authors: Bahreini Zaker , Abedi Mohammad , Fateh Davood Sadeghi
Published: July 2022

The preparation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from processed Lucerne (alfalfa) wastes has been investigated. MCC was prepared by chemical processes including de-waxing, de-lignification, bleaching and acid hydrolysis of Lucerne waste fibers, of which the natural colorants had previously been extracted. Characterization of the prepared MCC was performed and compared with a commercial one (Avicel® PH- 101) in terms of TGA, FTIR, XRD, SEM and Particle Size Analysis. The FTIR spectra of the prepared sample were very similar to those of the commercial sample. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed cellulose crystal lattice with crystallinity index of 78%. The SEM images of prepared MCC had irregular and agglomerated shapes which resemble those of the commercial MCC. The powder was moderately fine, odorless, tasteless and white with particle size distribution of 26 µm, and pH 6.88. The current study showed the feasibility of using Lucerne waste as a low-price and promising source for obtaining MCC.
Theoretical Design of Efficient Small Molecules with sp2 Hybridized Nitrogen at Varying Positions for Organic Pull Push (ON/OFF) Solar Switches
Authors: Hassan Abrar Ul , Sumrra Sajjad Hussain , Mohyuddin Ayesha , Guleryuz Cihat , Nkungli Nyiang Kennet
Published: July 2022

The efficacy of specific molecular acceptors in photovoltaic devices is determined by their chemical composition. Multiscale computations are required to protect investigation design and, as a result, efforts and money are saved. Using multiscale computer simulations, the influence of sp2-hybridized nitrogen substitutions at the interior or outer location of the internal center, carbonyl group, and terminating group of specific molecular acceptors is explored. The electronic behavior is studied using quantum molecular modeling. End-capping with nitrogen has greatly reduced the energy of electron rearrangement. The transfer integral plus excited state behavior shows a significant difference. Nitrogen alteration at the terminating group location, on the other hand, is an effective approach to boost electronic conductivity. The characteristics of the acceptor with their composites with 2,2'-((4-heptyl-4,9,9-trihexyl-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(methanylylidene)bis(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-1-yl-2-ylidene)dimalononitrile (IDIC) donor are also investigated using molecular dynamics. To investigate the mixing of specified specific molecular acceptors is determined. According to the radial distribution function, idic4 has a tighter packing alongside IDIC3 and IDIC4. Nitrogen modification at end capping has been discovered by all analyses.
Non symmetry of the function ζ(s)/s
Authors: OUKIL Walid
Published: July 2022

We prove that $\Im\Big(\frac{\zeta(s)}{s}\Big)+\Im\Big(\frac{\zeta(1-s)}{1-s}\Big)\neq 0$ for every $\Re(s)\in(0,\frac{1}{2})$ and $\Im(s)\in\mathbb{R}^*$, where $\zeta$ is the Riemann Zeta function. In the end of the paper, we give a discussion about the Riemann hypothesis.
Cellulose in secondary xylem of Cactaceae: crystalline composition and anatomical distribution
Authors: Maceda Agustín , Soto-Hernández Marcos , Terrazas Teresa
Published: July 2022

Cellulose is the main polymer that gives strength to the cell wall and consists of crystalline-microfibrils and amorphous-matrix cellulose located in the primary and secondary cell walls of the plants. In the Cactaceae family, there are studies on the composition of lignin but not on the crystallinity of cellulose. Therefore, the objective of his work is to analyze the crystallinity composition and distribution of cellulose in the cells of the xylem tissue. Twenty-five species of Cactaceae were collected, dried, and milled. The extractives were removed until obtaining extractive-free wood. Subsequently, cellulose was purified, readings with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were made, the crystallinity indexes were calculated and statistical analyzes were performed to identify differences between species. In addition, for the anatomical analysis of wood, stem sections for each plant were fixed, cut, and stained with safranin O / fast green to observe under epifluorescence microscopy. The results showed that crystalline cellulose ratios had statistically significant differences between Echinocereus pectinatus and C. pallida. All cacti species had a higher proportion of crystalline cellulose in the Total crystalline index and Hydrogen bond intensity except for E. pectinatus in the latter. The fluorescence emission of cellulose in all species was red, the distribution of cellulose in non-fibrous species was in the primary wall; while in the fibrous species, the distribution was in the internal walls and the pits. The high percentages of crystalline cellulose may be related to its distribution in the non-lignified parenchyma and primary walls of tracheary elements with helical or annular thickenings of non-fibrous species, possibly offering structural rigidity and as part of the defense system against pathogens.
First serologic evidence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) infection in camels (Camelus dromedarius), Turkey
Authors: Pestil Züleyha , Ataseven Veysel Soydal , Ambarcıoğlu Pınar , Gürel Kemal
Published: July 2022

In Turkey, camels are bred and used for various purposes such as touristic, traditional camel wrestling and transportation in the Aegean, Central Anatolia, Marmara, Mediterranean and Southeastern Anatolia regions. We examined serum samples belonging to 188 dromedary camels from 72 herds in 9 cities in Turkey for antibodies to MERS-CoV using indirect ELISA. 52.7% of the camel sera were seropositive for MERS-CoV and moderate levels of antibodies against MERS-CoV were detected (mean OD: 1.90 ± 0.97). This indicates that Turkish dromedary camels demonstrate a significantly high prevalence of MERS-CoV infection and follow-up studies should continue to monitor the epidemiological status of this infection in camels in Turkey.
LncRNA AK154753 promotes acute kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury via modulating the miR-345-3p/Bak and miR-708-5p/Bim axes
Authors: Deng Yunzhen , He Yi , Zhuang Kaiting , Xi Jing , Li Siyao , Wen Yanlin , Tang Chengyuan , Chen Junxiang
Published: July 2022

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of a complex clinical syndrome with various causes and poor efficacy. The pathophysiology of AKI includes inflammation, cell apoptosis and cell death. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a class of functional RNA molecules with a length of more than 200 nucleotide units (NT) and no ability to encode proteins. To identify novel molecular mechanism and potential targets for AKI, the differential expressed lncRNAs between normal and AKI tissues were analyzed with bioinformatics tool. In the present study, the mouse kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) model and cell oxygen and glucose deprivation/ reperfusion (OGD/R) model were established. The expression levels of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs were detected by high-throughput sequencing technology. Meanwhile, lncRNA, miRNA expression levels were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Luciferase analysis was used to further investigate the interaction between lncRNA AK154753 and miRNA, miRNA and mRNA. Western-blot were performed to test the expression of apoptosis related proteins. Furthermore, TUNEL assay was united with flow cytometry to detect cell apoptosis rate. We found lncRNA AK154753 was significantly up-regulated, while miR-345-3p and miR-708-5p were significantly down-regulated during IRI. At the same time, IRI triggered cell apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro as the evidence by upregulation of Bim/Bak/cleaved-caspase3. Luciferase analysis showed that lncRNA AK154753 could both interacted with miR-345-3p and miR-708-5p, miR-345-3p could interacted with Bak, miR-708-5p could interacted with Bim respectively. Inhibition of lncRNA AK154753 alleviated cell apoptosis along with miR-345-3p/miR-708-5p up-regulated during IRI. In conclusion, the results suggest that lncRNA AK154753 participates in the occurrence and development of acute kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating miR-345-3p/Bak, miR-708-5p/Bim axes. Inhibiting lncRNA AK154753 may represent new therapeutic modalities for renal IR injury.
Spatial multiomics profiling reveals immune features in tumor-adjacent tissues associated with survival of stage I lung squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Ying Lisha , Zhang Chunliu , Reuben Alexandre , Tian Yiping , Jin Jiaoyue , Wang Canming , Bai Jing , Fang Jianfei , Feng Tingting , Xu Chenyang , Zhu Rui , Huang Minran , LYU Yingqi , Liu Xinyuan , Lu Tingting , Pan Xiaodan , Zhang Jianjun , Su Dan
Published: July 2022

The immunogenomic features of tumor-adjacent lungs (TALs) in stage I lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) aren’t clear. Multiomics analyses of tumor tissues and paired TALs from 59 stage I LUSC patients were performed. Compared to tumors, TALs exhibited a better preserved immune contexture indicated by upregulation of immune pathways, increased immune infiltration and higher expression of immune effector molecules. Notably, TALs had no mutations in PTEN and KEAP1, a lower incidence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loss and higher expression of HLA class I genes, MHC I chaperones and IFN-γ-associated genes. Digital spatial profiling validated the generally higher immune infiltration in TALs and revealed a higher level of immune heterogeneity in LUSC tumors. Importantly, patients with higher immune infiltration in TALs had significantly longer survival, while high immune heterogeneity was associated with inferior patient survival. Our work can be considered in the selection of patients for adjuvant therapy, especially immunotherapy.
The effect of contactless support parameters on mechanical properties of laser powder bed fusion produced overhang parts
Authors: GÜLCAN Orhan , Günaydın Kadir , Çelik Alican , Yasa Evren
Published: July 2022

Support structures are used in especially overhang areas in laser metal additive manufacturing to prevent parts from distortion due to high thermal gradients. Since the support structures are not a part of the final component, extra time and material are needed for manufacturing. Moreover, they need to be removed after the build is completed. In addition to waste of time and material, distortion and/or surface roughness issues at supported surfaces may be observed during support removal. As a solution, contactless supports with no direct contact between the support and the part are studied in the present work. Contactless support gap, thickness of each contactless support pieces and the spacing between two contactless support pieces were used as design variables and dimensional variations, distortions, microhardness through thickness, microstructural changes of bottom surfaces, and surface roughness of overhang features were selected as performance outputs. A full set of design of experiments were manufactured by laser powder bed fusion process using Inconel 718 material. It was observed that all three geometrical parameters had direct influence on the performance outputs.
Interleukin-62/lymphocyte as a proposed predictive index for COVID-19 patients treated with monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Rotundo Salvatore , Borelli Massimo , Scaglione Vincenzo , Lionello Rosaria , Biamonte Flavia , Olivadese Vincenzo , Quirino Angela , Morrone Helen , Matera Giovanni , Costanzo Francesco , Russo Alessandro , Trecarichi Enrico , Torti Carlo
Published: July 2022

In a convenience sample of 93 patients treated with monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) against SARS-CoV-2, the interleukin-62/lymphocyte count ratio (IL-62/LC) was able to predict clinical worsening both in early stages of COVID-19 and in oxygen-requiring patients. Moreover, we analysed the 18 most at-risk patients treated with both moAbs and antiviral treatment and found that only 2 had clinical progression, while in another case, progression was not observed despite IL-62/LC being above the risk cut-off. By contrast, patients with a similar risk were reported to have an unfavorable outcome in most cases from recent data. In conclusion, IL-62/LC may be a valuable method to identify patients requiring more aggressive treatments both in earlier and later stages of the disease; however, most at-risk patients could be protected from clinical worsening by combining moAbs and antivirals, even if levels of the IL-62/LC biomarker are lower than the risk cut-off.
Effects of genotype and ecological environment on the community structure and function of symbiotic bacteria in rhizosphere of ginseng
Authors: Zhang Jiyue , Liu Pin , Nie Botao , Liu Xinxin , Zhang Zhen , He Runlong , Dong Weiwei , Ji Wenxiu
Published: July 2022

Background: Ginseng, an important traditional Chinese medicine and a new resource food, has two production modes: farmland ginseng and forestland ginseng. Ginseng faces many problems such as high soil bulk density, easy hardening, low nutrient content, reduced porosity and increased soil acidification because of continuous cropping. Increasing studies indicate that plant rhizosphere symbiotic bacteria have an important effect on plant growth and development. We speculate that differences in microbial community may play an important role in promoting ginseng growth、development and health. To reveal the differences between farmland and forestland ginseng cultivation, and to address problems associated with continuous ginseng cropping, we investigated the effects of differences in plant rhizosphere symbiotic bacterial communities in promoting ginseng growth, development, and health.Result: In the present study, the microbial communities in the rhizosphere of different genotypes and ecological environments were analyzed using the high-throughput sequencing platform Illumina, phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt), and other technologies. The organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, and available phosphorus contents in forestland soil were significantly different from those in farmland. The bacterial communities of ginseng in forestland, farmland, and greenhouse environments have specific dominant groups at the phylum and genus levels. There were differences in the gene functions of ginseng root-related bacterial communities between forestland and farmland. There were significant differences in the abundance distribution of rhizosphere bacteria among the different genotypes at the phylum and genus levels.Conclusions: There is a close relationship between the ecological environment and bacterial population structure, and the ecological environment of forestland is more conducive to the formation of rich rhizosphere bacterial populations; additionallythe genetic diversity is richer than that of farmland. The rhizosphere bacterial community structure of ginseng was influenced by genotype, and there was a correlation between the distance between ginseng genotypes and the stratified clustering of its rhizosphere bacterial community structure.
The prevalence of HIV/STIs, sexual exploitations, and its determinants among venue-based FSWs in western Oromia, Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional and phenomenological study designs
Authors: Markos Jote , Chimdessa Ayana , Kifele Edossa , Upashe Shivaleela P.
Published: July 2022

Background: Globally, estimating the number of sex workers is difficult. However, it is well documented that human right violation and the prevalence of HIV/STIs are high among sex workers in many countries, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Methods: The study was conducted in 4 zonal cities of Western Oromia, Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional survey and phenomenological study designs were employed from October 2020 to November 2020. Simple population proportion sampling was used to calculate the sample size. Also, we used Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) to recruit participants into the in-depth interview. A conventional cluster sampling was employed based on the mapping of solicitation spaces, to recruit hard-to-reach populations by sampling primary units (PSUs). A semi-structured interviewer-administered and pre-tested interview guide tools were used to collect data. Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS 20.0 Statistical package and Respondent Driven Sampling Analysis Tool (RDSAT). Result: A total of 242 FSWs have taken part in the study, and 239 (98.8%) respondents were included in the analysis. The participants’ mean age was 22.6 years. The sexual behavior of FSWs is very rampant. The multivariate analysis revealed that being illiterate, growing up in rural areas, and using substances in a daily manner, those who started sex work at the age of fewer than 15 years, being raped, and had more than 15 clients per week FSWs were more likely vulnerable to HIV and STIs than their comparison groups. Moreover, FSWs who have inconsistently used condoms, been forced to group sex, and human trafficking were more likely at risk than their comparison groups. However, the FSWs who had ever tested RDT for HIV status and those who scored full marks on the STIs knowledge questionnaire were less likely to be vulnerable than their counterparts. Conclusion: In Ethiopia HIV and STIs vulnerability among FSWs is linked primarily to drug use, being illiterate, starting sex work at a fewer age (less than 15 years), being raped, and having more clients per week, inconsistently using condoms, human trafficking, and group sex behaviors. Renewed efforts are necessary to intervene effectively to address this high-risk hard-to-reach population by shifting from binary epidemiological simple models “cause and effect” to multilevel models that emphasize multiple contributing factors.
Screening and functional study of the dominant strains producing total flavonoids from the endophytic fungi of Epimedium korea
Authors: Zhuang Xin , Yan Li , Chen Jiawen , Xiao Jinglei
Published: July 2022

As a traditional Chinese Dao-di herb, the size of Epimedium korea's stock in wild populations are shrinking yearly due to environmental, climatic, and anthropogenic impacts. In this study, a new fungal strain, Ilyonectria cyclaminicola (I.c.), capable of a high production of total flavonoids was screened from six endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves of E. korea. In the zebrafish model, the metabolites of I.c. strains had similar efficacy to medicinal material. Culturing the I.c. strain with α-actose as the carbon source, glycine as the nitrogen source, at pH = 6 and a culture temperature of 25°C, under 12-h natural light, as the solid fermentation conditions, yielded the highest content of total flavonoids. This study fills the gap in the research on the endophytes of E. korea and lays the foundation for developing the I.c. strain into a new medicinal resource and a substitute for the threatened medicinal material of E. korea.
Effects of oxidative treatments on biomethane potential of solid olive residues
Authors: Girardi Fabio , Mascitti Andrea , d'Alessandro Nicola , Tonucci Lucia , Marzo Giuseppe Augusto , Remetti Romolo
Published: July 2022

As energy systems transition toward renewable resources, anaerobic digestion (AD) is actually receiving growing attention. AD relies on biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests to determine the methane potential of by-products of carbonious nature. The aim of this investigation was to understand how an oxidative treatment, like the Fenton reaction, influences the BMP, starting from solid residues of olive oil production, coming from the two-phase extraction systems (TPES). We compared two different olive pomaces (with and without stones), both from TPES. The Fenton treatment here proposed is capable to produce three effects in the employed matrices: improving the speed of BMP decreasing the bacteriostatic effect of phenols, reducing the H2S content in the produced biogas (precipitating it as FeS) and enhancing the production of methane in the first four weeks of test.