bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Location Allocation of Sugar Beet Piling Centers Using GIS and Optimization
Authors: Dharmadhikari Nimish , Farahmand Kambiz
Published: April 2019

The sugar beet is one of the most important crops for both social and economic reasons, even though the area under sugar beet cultivation in the Red River valley of North Dakota and Minnesota is comparatively smaller that of corn and other crop lands. It generates a large economic activity in local and regional level with a greater impact on jobs and stimulation of agriculture, transportation, and farm economy. Sugar beet transportation takes place in two stages in Red River Valley: the first step is from farms to piling centers (pilers) and the second step from pilers to processing facilities. This study focuses on the problem of optimizing piler locations based on supply variation. Sugar beet supply and harvest varies significantly due to numerous reasons such as weather, water availability, and different maturity dates for the crop. This provides for a variable optimal harvesting time based on the plant maturity and sugar content. Sub-optimized pilers location result in the high transportation and utilization costs. The objective of this study is to minimize the sum of transportation costs to and from pilers and the pilers utilization cost. A two-step algorithm based on the geographical information system (GIS) with global optimization method is used to solve this problem. This method will also be useful for infrastructure decision makers such as planners and engineers to predict the truck volume on rural roads.
Study of Deformation Stability during Semi-Dieless Drawing of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Wire
Authors: Li Kaisong , Wang Zhangke , Liu Xuefeng
Published: April 2019

A semi-dieless drawing technology has the advantages of producing a large deformation in a single pass and achieving high-precision dimensions of the finished products. However, instabilities can easily occur in a technique with a large amount of deformation, resulting in its failure. Herein, the deformation behavior of a wire during semi-dieless drawing is studied by finite element simulations. The instability mechanism of the semi-dieless drawing is proposed and validated by experiments. The experiments are conducted under the following conditions: a heating temperature of 950 °C; a distance between the die and heating coil of 20 mm; a feeding speed of 0.25 mm/s; a drawing speed range of 0.38–0.53 mm/s, and a die diameter range of 1.8–2.4 mm. The results show that by increasing the drawing speed or decreasing die diameter, the diameter fluctuation of the dieless drawn wire increases, and the semi-dieless drawing process easily becomes unstable. The diameter of the entering wire shows a fluctuating increasing trend owing to the variation in the drawing speed, which results in the instability during the semi-dieless drawing. The validity of the finite element model is verified by comparing the numerically predicted value and experimentally measured value of the drawn wire diameter.
The Effect of Specific Energy Density on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of CoCrMo Alloy Fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition
Authors: Li Jinbao , Ren Huijiao , Liu Changsheng , Shang Shuo
Published: April 2019

With the development of modern medical implants, there are significantly increasing demands for personalized prosthesis. Corrosion-resistance and dense cobalt alloy specimens have been successfully fabricated by laser metal deposition. The relationship between specific energy density, microstructure and corrosion resistance of the specimens is investigated. The results show that higher specific energy density promotes the formation of columnar grain and leads to coarse grain size. The evolution and distribution of deposited microstructure from bottom to top are summarized in a metallographic sketch. The corrosion current of deposited specimens increases from 2.071 × 10−6 A/cm2 to 6.86 × 10−5 A/cm2 and rapidly drops to 9.88 × 10−7 A/cm2 with increase of specific energy density from 318.8 J/g to 2752.3 J/g. The columnar and equiaxed structure of deposited specimens have lower corrosion current than mixed structure due to finer grain and less Mo segregation. The deposited have low level metal released because of passive film. The passive film have different formation routes in Hank’s solution and acidic saliva. The specific energy density has an important effect on the microstructure of deposited, which improves corrosion resistance and life span in implant.
Highly Efficient Nanocarbon Coating Layer on the Nanostructured Copper Sulfide-Metal Organic Framework Derived Carbon for Advanced Sodium-Ion Battery Anode
Authors: Kang Chiwon , Lee Yongwoo , Kim Ilhwan , Hyun Seungmin , Lee Tae Hoon , Yun Soyeong , Yoon Won-Sub , Moon Youngkwang , Lee Jinkee , Kim Sunkook , Lee Hoo-Jeong
Published: April 2019

High theoretical capacity and low-cost copper sulfide (CuxS)-based anodes have gained great attention for advanced sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, their practical application may be hindered due to their unstable cycling performance and problems with the dissolution of sodium sulfides (NaxS) into electrolyte. Here, we employed metal organic framework (MOF-199) as a sacrificial template to fabricate nanoporous CuxS with a large surface area embedded in the MOF-derived carbon network (CuxS-C) through a two-step process of sulfurization and carbonization via H2S gas-assisted plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) processing. Subsequently, we uniformly coated a nanocarbon layer on the Cu1.8S-C through hydrothermal and subsequent annealing processes. The physico-chemical properties of the nanocarbon layer were revealed by the analytical techniques of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We acquired a higher SIB performance (capacity retention (~93%) with a specific capacity of 372 mAh/g over 110 cycles) of the nanoporous Cu1.8S-C/C core/shell anode materials than that of pure Cu1.8S-C. This encouraging SIB performance is attributed to the key roles of a nanocarbon layer coated on the Cu1.8S-C to accommodate the volume variation of the Cu1.8S-C anode structure during cycling, enhance electrical conductivity and prevent the dissolution of NaxS into the electrolyte. With these physico-chemical and electrochemical properties, we ensure that the Cu1.8S-C/C structure will be a promising anode material for large-scale and advanced SIBs.
Influence of Arc Power on Keyhole-Induced Porosity in Laser + GMAW Hybrid Welding of Aluminum Alloy: Numerical and Experimental Studies
Authors: Xu Guoxiang , Li Pengfei , Li Lin , Hu Qingxian , Zhu Jie , Gu Xiaoyan , Du Baoshuai
Published: April 2019

A three-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate heat transfer and fluid flow phenomena in fiber laser + gas metal arc welding (GMAW) hybrid welding of an aluminum alloy, which incorporates three-phase coupling and is able to depict the keyhole dynamic behavior and formation process of the keyhole-induced porosity. The temperature profiles and fluid flow fields for different arc powers are calculated and the percent porosities of weld beads were also examined under different conditions by X-ray non-destructive testing (NDT). The results showed that the computed results were in agreement with the experimental data. For hybrid welding, with raising arc power, the keyhole-induced porosity was reduced. Besides the solidification rate of the molten pool, the melt flow was also closely related to weld porosity. A relatively steady anti-clockwise vortex caused by arc forces tended to force the bubble to float upwards at the high temperature region close to the welding heat source, which benefits the escape of the gas bubble from the melt pool. When increasing the arc power, the anti-clockwise region was strengthened and the risk of the gas bubble for capture by the liquid/solid interface underneath the keyhole tip was diminished, which resulted in the lower weld percent porosity.
Finite Symmetries in Agent-Based Epidemic Models
Authors: Nakamura Gilberto M. , Monteiro Ana Carolina P. , Cardoso George C. , Martinez Alexandre S.
Published: April 2019

Predictive analysis of epidemics often depends on the initial conditions of the outbreak, the structure of the afflicted population, and population size. However, disease outbreaks are subjected to fluctuations that may shape the spreading process. Agent-based epidemic models mitigate the issue by using a transition matrix which replicates stochastic effects observed in real epidemics. They have met considerable numerical success to simulate small scale epidemics. The problem grows exponentially with population size, reducing the usability of agent-based models for large scale epidemics. Here, we present an algorithm that explores permutation symmetries to enhance the computational performance of agent-based epidemic models. Our findings bound the stochastic process to a single eigenvalue sector, scaling down the dimension of the transition matrix to o ( N 2 ) .
Detecting Zn(II) Ions in Live Cells with Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes
Authors: Fang Mingxi , Xia Shuai , Bi Jianheng , Wigstrom Travis P. , Valenzano Loredana , Wang Jianbo , Tanasova Marina , Luck Rudy L. , Liu Haiying
Published: April 2019

Two near-infrared fluorescent probes (A and B) containing hemicyanine structures appended to dipicolylamine (DPA), and a dipicolylamine derivative where one pyridine was substituted with pyrazine, respectively, were synthesized and tested for the identification of Zn(II) ions in live cells. In both probes, an acetyl group is attached to the phenolic oxygen atom of the hemicyanine platform to decrease the probe fluorescence background. Probe A displays sensitive fluorescence responses and binds preferentially to Zn(II) ions over other metal ions such as Cd2+ ions with a low detection limit of 0.45 nM. In contrast, the emission spectra of probe B is not significantly affected if Zn(II) ions are added. Probe A possesses excellent membrane permeability and low cytotoxicity, allowing for sensitive imaging of both exogenously supplemented Zn(II) ions in live cells, and endogenously releases Zn(II) ions in cells after treatment of 2,2-dithiodipyridine.
High-Throughput Biochemical Fingerprinting of Oleaginous Aurantiochytrium sp. Strains by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) for Lipid and Carbohydrate Productions
Authors: Yu Xin-Jun , Huang Chang-Yi , Chen Hong , Wang Dong-Sheng , Chen Jing-Liang , Li Hui-Juan , Liu Xiao-Yan , Wang Zhao , Sun Jie , Wang Zhi-Peng
Published: April 2019

The traditional biochemical methods for analyzing cellular composition of oleaginous microorganisms are time-consuming, polluting, and expensive. In the present study, an FT-IR method was used to analyze the cellular composition of the marine oleaginous protist Aurantiochytrium sp. during various research processes, such as strains screening, medium optimization, and fermentation, and was evaluated as a green, low-cost, high throughput, and accurate method compared with the traditional methods. A total of 109 Aurantiochytrium sp. strains were screened for lipid and carbohydrate production and the best results were found for the strains No. 6 and No. 32. The yields and productivities could reach up to 47.2 g/L and 0.72 g/L/h for lipid, 21.6 g/L and 0.33 g/L/h for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the strain No. 6, and 15.4 g/L and 0.18 g/L/h for carbohydrate in the strain No. 32, under the optimal conditions, respectively. These results confirmed potentials of the two Aurantiochytrium sp. strains for lipid, DHA, and carbohydrate productions at industrial scales. The FT-IR method in this study will facilitate research on the oleaginous Aurantiochytrium sp., and the obtained two strains for lipid and carbohydrate productions will provide the foundations for their applications in medical, food, and feed industries.
Profiling of Seed Proteome in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Lines Characterized with High and Low Responsivity to Combined Inoculation with Nodule Bacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Authors: Mamontova Tatiana , Afonin Alexey M. , Ihling Christian , Soboleva Alena , Lukasheva Elena , Sulima Anton S. , Shtark Oksana Y. , Akhtemova Gulnara A. , Povydysh Maria N. , Sinz Andrea , Frolov Andrej , Zhukov Vladimir A. , Tikhonovich Igor A.
Published: April 2019

Legume crops represent the major source of food protein and contribute to human nutrition and animal feeding. An essential improvement of their productivity can be achieved by symbiosis with beneficial soil microorganisms—rhizobia (Rh) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The efficiency of these interactions depends on plant genotype. Recently, we have shown that, after simultaneous inoculation with Rh and AM, the productivity gain of pea (Pisum sativum L) line K-8274, characterized by high efficiency of interaction with soil microorganisms (EIBSM), was higher in comparison to a low-EIBSM line K-3358. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this effect are still uncharacterized. Therefore, here, we address the alterations in pea seed proteome, underlying the symbiosis-related productivity gain, and identify 111 differentially expressed proteins in the two lines. The high-EIBSM line K-8274 responded to inoculation by prolongation of seed maturation, manifested by up-regulation of proteins involved in cellular respiration, protein biosynthesis, and down-regulation of late-embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins. In contrast, the low-EIBSM line K-3358 demonstrated lower levels of the proteins, related to cell metabolism. Thus, we propose that the EIBSM trait is linked to prolongation of seed filling that needs to be taken into account in pulse crop breeding programs. The raw data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013479.
Bounding Surfaces in a Barchan Dune: Annual Cycles of Deposition? Seasonality or Erosion by Superimposed Bedforms?
Authors: Bristow Charles
Published: April 2019

A barchan dune near Tarfaya in Morocco has been surveyed using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) revealing packages of dipping strata within the dune that are truncated by bounding surfaces. The bounding surfaces dip in the downwind direction, truncate sets of cross-stratification, and are themselves downlapped by dipping strata. Models of aeolian strata suggest that the bounding surfaces could be reactivation surfaces, an erosion surface formed when a dune is reshaped by a change in wind. Alternatively, they could be superposition surfaces formed by smaller bedforms migration over the dune surface. These two hypotheses are tested using a combination of field and satellite observations. The average annual migration rate for the barchan dune derived from satellite images, gives an annual migration rate of 21.4 m·yr−1. The number of reactivation surfaces imaged within the dune by GPR appears to scale with the annual migrating rate and dune turnover time suggesting that at this location, annual cycles in the wind regime are a potential control on dune stratigraphy with reactivation surfaces generated by changes in the wind direction, including wind reversals in the winter months. Alternatively, it is hypothesized that erosion in the lee of small superimposed bedforms as they pass the dune crest and approach the brink at the top of the slipface will create superposition surfaces. The migration rate of superimposed bedforms with a wavelength of 20 m has been measured at 2 m·day−1. This suggests that small superimposed bedforms will arrive at the dune crest approximately every 10 days. Thus, bounding surface created by erosion in the lee of superimposed dunes will be very common. Given that the turnover time of the barchan dune is estimated at 4.3 years, the number of superposition surfaces produced by the faster bedforms could be more than 100. The number of bounding surface imaged by a GPR profile along the length of the dune appears to support the wind-driven reactivation hypothesis. However, a GPR profile across the dune images many small trough sets, instead of a single slipface, suggesting that superimposed dunes play an important role in the stratigraphy of a relatively simple barchan dune.
ANLoC: An Anomaly-Aware Node Localization Algorithm for WSNs in Complex Environments
Authors: Xu Pengfei , Cui Tianhao , Chen Lei
Published: April 2019

Accurate and sufficient node location information is crucial for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) applications. However, the existing range-based localization methods often suffer from incomplete and detorted range measurements. To address this issue, some methods based on low-rank matrix recovery have been proposed, which usually assume noises follow single Gaussian distribution or/and single Laplacian distribution, and thus cannot handle the case with wider noise distributions beyond Gaussian and Laplacian ones. In this paper, a novel Anomaly-aware Node Localization (ANLoC) method is proposed to simultaneously impute missing range measurements and detect node anomaly in complex environments. Specifically, by utilizing inherent low-rank property of Euclidean Distance Matrix (EDM), we formulate range measurements imputation problem as a Robust ℓ 2 , 1 -norm Regularized Matrix Decomposition (RRMD) model, where complex noise is fitted by Mixture of Gaussian (MoG) distribution, and node anomaly is sifted by ℓ 2 , 1 -norm regularization. Meanwhile, an efficient optimization algorithm is designed to solve proposed RRMD model based on Expectation Maximization (EM) method. Furthermore, with the imputed EDM, all unknown nodes can be easily positioned by using Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method. Finally, some experiments are designed to evaluate performance of the proposed method, and experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms three state-of-the-art node localization methods.
Using a Balloon-Launched Unmanned Glider to Validate Real-Time WRF Modeling
Authors: Schuyler Travis J. , Gohari S. M. Iman , Pundsack Gary , Berchoff Donald , Guzman Marcelo I.
Published: April 2019

The use of small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) for meteorological measurements has expanded significantly in recent years. SUAS are efficient platforms for collecting data with high resolution in both space and time, providing opportunities for enhanced atmospheric sampling. Furthermore, advances in mesoscale weather research and forecasting (WRF) modeling and graphical processing unit (GPU) computing have enabled high resolution weather modeling. In this manuscript, a balloon-launched unmanned glider, complete with a suite of sensors to measure atmospheric temperature, pressure, and relative humidity, is deployed for validation of real-time weather models. This work demonstrates the usefulness of sUAS for validating and improving mesoscale, real-time weather models for advancements toward reliable weather forecasts to enable safe and predictable sUAS missions beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS).
Radio Resource Allocation with The Fairness Metric for Low Density Signature OFDM in Underlay Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Meylani Linda , Kurniawan Adit , Arifianto M. Sigit
Published: April 2019

Low density signature orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (LDS-OFDM), one type of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), is a special case of multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA). In LDS-OFDM, each user is allowed to spread its symbols in a small set of subcarriers, and there is only a small group of users that are permitted to share the same subcarrier. In this paper, we study the resource allocation for LDS-OFDM as the multiple access model in cognitive radio networks. In our scheme, SUs are allocated to certain d v subcarriers based on minimum interference or higher SINR in each subcarrier. To overcome the problem where SUs were allocated less than the d v subcarriers, we propose interference limit-based resource allocation with the fairness metric (ILRA-FM). Simulation results show that, compared to the ILRA algorithm, the ILRA-FM algorithm has a lower outage probability and higher fairness metric value and also a higher throughput fairness index.
Sustainable Service Quality and Customer Loyalty: The Role of Customer Satisfaction and Switching Costs in the Pakistan Cellphone Industry
Authors: Hadi Noor Ul , Aslam Nadia , Gulzar Amir
Published: April 2019

Generally, the current scenario in the hyperactive corporate world, and specifically in the telecom sector, renders companies to compete concurrently on two fronts: Expansion of their customer base and the retention of their current customers. In order to explore and examine the latter concept, the current study hypothesizes the effects of sustainable service quality on customer loyalty with a mediating role of customer satisfaction conceptualized through the reciprocity theory. The study also considers the suggested moderating role of switching cost by theorizing the Apostle model. Pertinently, the satisfied customer may not be loyal if the switching cost is low, since the dynamics of the switching cost provide a useful insight into the phenomenon of retaining the customers through customer satisfaction. The research opts for explanatory study where data were conveniently collected. The study has used the PROCESS macro model 4 and 14 to analyze the data. Findings reveal that the role of customer satisfaction is significant but the effect of the switching cost was considered to be insignificant, elucidating that a satisfied customer will remain loyal even if the switching cost is low. It means that sustaining service quality longitudinally did not affect customer loyalty in the presence of a low switching cost. With a view to complement the study, managerial implications of a switching cost have also been discussed.
GPs’ and practice staff’s views of a telephone first approach to demand management: a qualitative study in primary care
Authors: Newbould Jennifer , Exley Josephine , Ball Sarah , Corbett Jennie , Pitchforth Emma , Roland Martin
Published: April 2019

Background

To better manage patient demand, some general practices have implemented a ‘telephone first’ approach in which all patients seeking a face-to-face appointment first have to speak to a GP on the telephone. Previous studies have suggested that there is considerable scope for this new approach, but there remain significant concerns.

Aim

To understand the views of GPs and practice staff of the telephone first approach, and to identify enablers and barriers to successful adoption of the approach.

Design and setting

A qualitative study of the telephone first approach in 12 general practices that have adopted it, and two general practices that have tried the approach but reverted to their previous system.

Method

A total of 53 qualitative interviews with GPs and practice staff were conducted. Transcriptions of the interviews were systematically analysed.

Results

Staff in the majority of practices reported that the approach was an improvement on their previous system, but all practices experienced challenges; for example, where practices did not have the capacity to meet the increase in demand for telephone consultations. Staff were also aware that the new system suited some patients better than others. Adoption of the telephone first approach could be very stressful, with a negative impact on morale, especially reported in interviews with the two practices that had tried but stopped the approach. Interviewees identified enablers and barriers to the successful adoption of a telephone first approach in primary care. Enablers to successful adoption were: understanding demand, practice staff as pivotal, making modifications to the approach, and educating patients.

Conclusion

Practices considering adopting or clinical commissioning groups considering funding a telephone first approach should consider carefully a practice’s capacity and capability before launching.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ КОНЦЕПТИ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ – ПОШУК ПРИРОДИ
Authors: Кириченко В.
Published: April 2019

Досліджуються спроби з’ясувати природу місцевого самоврядування та ідентифікувати існуючу в Україні модель самоврядності.
ПРОФІЛАКТИКА УСУНЕННЯ, ЗАХИСТУ ТА ВІДВЕРНЕННЯ У МЕХАНІЗМІ ЗАПОБІГАННЯ ЗЛОЧИНАМ, ЩО ВЧИНЯЮТЬСЯ У ЗВ'ЯЗКУ ІЗ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯМ СИЛИ ДО ЗАСУДЖЕНИХ
Authors: Колб І.
Published: April 2019

З'ясовано сутність і зміст діяльності, що стосується профілактики усунення та відвернення злочинів, які вчиняються персоналом установ виконання покарань при застосуванні фізичної сили, спеціальних засобів і зброї до засуджених, позбавлених волі, а також розроблено науково обґрунтовані заходи щодо усунення існуючих на практиці проблем.
Shape Effects of Cylindrical versus Spherical Unimolecular Polymer Nanomaterials on in Vitro and in Vivo Behaviors
Authors: Zhang Zhengkui , Liu Changren , Li Cheng , Wu Wei , Jiang Xiqun
Published: April 2019

To date, how the shape of nanomaterials influences their biological properties is poorly understood, due to the insufficient controllability of current preparative methods, especially in the shape and size of nanomaterials. In this paper, we achieved the precise syntheses of nanoscale unimolecular cylindrical polymer brushes (CPBs) and spherical polymer nanoparticles (SPNPs) with the same volume and surface chemistry, which ensured that shape was essentially the only variable when their biological performance was compared. Accurate shape effects were obtained. Impressively, the CPBs had remarkable advantage in tissue penetration over the SPNPs. The CPBs also exhibited higher cellular uptake and rapider body clearance than the SPNPs, whereas the SPNPs had longer blood circulation time, rapider tumor vascular extravasation, and higher tumor accumulation than the CPBs. Additionally, this work also provided a controllable synthesis strategy for nanoscale unimolecular SPNPs by integrating 21 CPBs to a
β
-cyclodextrin core, whose diameter in dry state could be up to 45 nm.
Albanian Literary Circle In Italy
Authors: Ndoja Leka
Published: April 2019

Italy's Literary Circle with his creation after the political emigration wave (1945-1990), in the context of Italian - Arbëresh Colony, as a paradigm of the Albanian Literary System during national Revival, was involved in an aggregate of literary and cultural activities. The Literary Circle of Albanian Diaspora in Italy, marked in production, volume, and norm and determined by university institutions of Palermo - Rome - Naples - Bari. Those universities rendered possible the appropriate climate to set up a national literary sub-system model with all systemic components: production, publications and system-creative magazines as Shêjzat [The Pleiades] (august 1957 - 1978), Koha e Jonë [Our Time] (1962-1992); systemic-center authors as: Father Georg Fishta O.F.M.-Ernest Koliqi and Martin Camaj. But, Ernest Koliqi was as the director of the Albanian Studies Institute at Rome University, the master-key of an increasing in the volume of the intercultural activities, as regards the institutional critique, various national celebrations of emigrants, and international symposiums such as the 20-s anniversary of the death of Father George Fishta O.F.M.; or the celebrations on the 500th anniversary of the death of Scanderbeg, in Palermo and Rome (1968). But the main merit of Koliqi was to restore a new Albanian Literary Center in the West and the foundation in Rome of Shêjzat leterary magazine. The Albanian Rome Literary Circle was the counterpart of the National Center of Tirana and sometimes even an antagonist. Various outstanding achievements in the visual arts were celebrated by the painter Ibrahim Kodra with about 20 international awards, as well as the iconographic painter Lin Delia who took part in some audiences with the Pope Pole VI etc... First Koliqi and then Camaj after his death took literary - cultural studies within the Albanian districts of Italy, tracing the genealogy of the Arbëresh migration in the United States in the years 1974 - 1986. After Koliqi’s death in January 1975 and the final departure of Camaj from the Italy Circle as e professor of the Albanian Language at the University of Munich (1978), closed the frame of four decades of the Italy Literary Circle as the core of the Literary Diaspora Sub-system.
In situ AFM visualization of Li–O2 battery discharge products during redox cycling in an atmospherically controlled sample cell
Authors: Virwani Kumar , Ansari Younes , Nguyen Khanh , Moreno-Ortiz Francisco José Alía , Kim Jangwoo , Giammona Maxwell J , Kim Ho-Cheol , La Young-Hye
Published: April 2019

The in situ observation of electrochemical reactions is challenging due to a constantly changing electrode surface under highly sensitive conditions. This study reports the development of an in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique for electrochemical systems, including the design, fabrication, and successful performance of a sealed AFM cell operating in a controlled atmosphere. Documentation of reversible physical processes on the cathode surface was performed on the example of a highly reactive lithium–oxygen battery system at different water concentrations in the solvent. The AFM data collected during the discharge–recharge cycles correlated well with the simultaneously recorded electrochemical data. We were able to capture the formation of discharge products from correlated electrical and topographical channels and measure the impact of the presence of water. The cell design permitted acquisition of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, contributing information about electrical double layers under the system’s controlled environment. This characterization method can be applied to a wide range of reactive surfaces undergoing transformations under carefully controlled conditions.
A Faint Halo Star Cluster Discovered in the Blanco Imaging of the Southern Sky Survey
Authors: Mau S. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Bechtol K. , Pace A. B. , Li T. , Soares-Santos M. , Kuropatkin N. , Allam S. , Tucker D. , Santana-Silva L. , Yanny B. , Jethwa P. , Palmese A. , Vivas K. , Burgad C. , Chen H.-Y. ,   (BLISS Collaboration)
Published: April 2019

We present the discovery of a faint, resolved stellar system, BLISS J0321+0438 (BLISS 1), found in Dark Energy Camera data from the first observing run of the Blanco Imaging of the Southern Sky (BLISS) survey. BLISS J0321+0438 (BLISS 1) is located at

with a heliocentric distance of

. It is a faint,

, and compact,

, system consistent with previously discovered faint halo star clusters. Using data from the second data release of the Gaia satellite, we measure a proper motion of

mas yr−1. Combining the available positional and velocity information with simulations of the accreted satellite population of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), we find that it is unlikely that BLISS J0321+0438 (BLISS 1) originated with the LMC.
SOFIA FORCAST Photometry of 12 Extended Green Objects in the Milky Way
Authors: Towner A. P. M. , Brogan C. L. , Hunter T. R. , Cyganowski C. J. , Friesen R. K.
Published: April 2019

Massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) are known to undergo an evolutionary phase in which high mass accretion rates drive strong outflows. A class of objects believed to trace this phase accurately is the Galactic Legacy Infrared Midplane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE) Extended Green Object (EGO) sample, so named for the presence of extended 4.5 μm emission on size scales of ∼0.1 pc in Spitzer images. We have been conducting a multiwavelength examination of a sample of 12 EGOs with distances of 1–5 kpc. In this paper, we present mid-infrared images and photometry of these EGOs obtained with the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy and subsequently construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for these sources from the near-infrared to submillimeter regimes using additional archival data. We compare the results from graybody models and several publicly available software packages that produce model SEDs in the context of a single massive protostar. The models yield typical R
⋆ ∼ 10 R
⊙, T
⋆ ∼ 103–104 K, and L
⋆ ∼ 1–40 × 103 L
⊙; the median L/M for our sample is 24.7 L
⊙/M
⊙. Model results rarely converge for R
⋆ and T
⋆, but they do for L
⋆, which we take to be an indication of the multiplicity and inherently clustered nature of these sources even though, typically, only a single source dominates in the mid-infrared. The median L/M value for the sample suggests that these objects may be in a transitional stage between the commonly described “IR-quiet” and “IR-bright” stages of MYSO evolution. The median T
dust for the sample is less conclusive but suggests that these objects are either in this transitional stage or occupy the cooler (and presumably younger) part of the IR-bright stage.
CLOUDY View of the Warm Corona
Authors: Panda Swayamtrupta , Czerny Bożena , Done Chris , Kubota Aya
Published: April 2019

Bright active galaxies show a range of properties, but many of these properties are correlated, which has led to the concept of the quasar main sequence. We test whether our current understanding of the quasar structure allows the pattern observed in the optical plane formed by the kinematic line width of Hβ and the relative importance of the Fe ii optical emission to be reproduced. We performed simulations of the Hβ and Fe ii production using the code CLOUDY and well-justified assumptions about the broadband spectra, distance to the emission line region, and the cloud properties. We show that the presence of the warm corona is an important element of the broadband spectrum, which decreases the dependence of the relative Fe ii emissivity on the Eddington ratio and allows the rare cases of particularly strong Fe ii emitters to be reproduced. Results are sensitive to the adopted cloud distance, and strong Fe ii emission can be obtained either by adopting strongly supersolar metallicity or a much shorter distance than traditionally obtained from reverberation mapping. We modeled in a similar way the UV plane defined by the Mg ii line and Fe ii UV pseudo-continuum, but here our approach is less successful, in general overproducing the Fe ii strength. We found that the Fe ii optical and UV emissivity depend in a different way on the turbulent velocity and metallicity, and the best extension of the model in order to cover both planes is to allow very large turbulent velocities in the broad-line region clouds.
Initial Mass Function Variation in Two Elliptical Galaxies Using Near-infrared Tracers
Authors: Meyer R. Elliot , Sivanandam Suresh , Moon Dae-Sik
Published: April 2019

Using integral field spectroscopy, we demonstrate that gravity-sensitive absorption features in the zJ band (0.9–1.35 μm) can constrain the low-mass stellar initial mass function (IMF) in the cores of two elliptical galaxies, M85 and M87. Compared to the visible bands, the near-infrared (NIR) is more sensitive to light from low-mass dwarf stars, whose relative importance is the primary subject of the debate over IMF variations in nearby galaxies. Our analysis compares the observed spectra to the latest stellar population synthesis models by employing two different methods: equivalent widths and spectral fitting. We find that the IMF slopes in M85 are similar to the canonical Milky Way IMF with a median IMF-mismatch parameter α

K
 = 1.26. In contrast, we find that the IMF in M87 is steeper than a Salpeter IMF with α

K
 = 2.77. The derived stellar population parameters, including the IMF slopes, are consistent with those from recent results in the visible bands based on spectroscopic and kinematic techniques. Certain elemental abundances, e.g., Na and Fe, have dramatic effects on the IMF-sensitive features and therefore the derived IMF slopes. We show evidence for a high [Na/H] ∼ 0.65 dex in the core of M85 from two independent Na i absorption features. The high Na abundance may be the result of a recent galactic merger involving M85. This suggests that including [Na/H] in the stellar population model parameters is critical for constraining the IMF slopes in M85. These results confirm the viability of using NIR absorption features to investigate IMF variation in nearby galaxies.
Detecting Supermassive Black Hole–induced Binary Eccentricity Oscillations with LISA
Authors: Hoang Bao-Minh , Naoz Smadar , Kocsis Bence , Farr Will M. , McIver Jessica
Published: April 2019

Stellar-mass black hole binaries (BHBs) near supermassive black holes (SMBH) in galactic nuclei undergo eccentricity oscillations due to gravitational perturbations from the SMBH. Previous works have shown that this channel can contribute to the overall BHB merger rate detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo Interferometer. Significantly, the SMBH gravitational perturbations on the binary’s orbit may produce eccentric BHBs which are expected to be visible using the upcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) for a large fraction of their lifetime before they merge in the LIGO/Virgo band. For a proof of concept, we show that the eccentricity oscillations of these binaries can be detected with LISA for BHBs in the local universe up to a few megaparsecs, with observation periods shorter than the mission lifetime, thereby disentangling this merger channel from others. The approach presented here is straightforward to apply to a wide variety of compact object binaries with a tertiary companion.
Flame-like Ellerman Bombs and Their Connection to Solar Ultraviolet Bursts
Authors: Chen Yajie , Tian Hui , Peter Hardi , Samanta Tanmoy , Yurchyshyn Vasyl , Wang Haimin , Cao Wenda , Wang Linghua , He Jiansen
Published: April 2019

Ellerman bombs (EBs) are small-scale intense brightenings in Hα wing images, which are generally believed to be signatures of magnetic reconnection around the temperature minimum region of the solar atmosphere. They have a flame-like morphology when observed near the solar limb. Recent observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) reveal another type of small-scale reconnection event called an ultraviolet (UV) burst, in the lower solar atmosphere. Though previous observations have shown a clear coincidence between the occurrence of some UV bursts and EBs, the exact relationship between these two phenomena is still debated. We investigate the spatial and temporal relationship between flame-like EBs and UV bursts using joint near-limb observations between the 1.6 m Goode Solar Telescope (GST) and IRIS. In total, 161 EBs have been identified from the GST observations, and ∼20 of them reveal signatures of UV bursts in the IRIS images. Interestingly, we find that these UV bursts have a tendency to appear at the upper parts of their associated flame-like EBs. The intensity variations of most EB-related UV bursts and their corresponding EBs match well. Our results suggest that some of these UV bursts and EBs likely form at different heights during a common reconnection process.
Ouvrir la parole à son vide comme fin de cure : dénouements et dénuements…
Authors: Dubois Marc
Published: April 2019

La psychanalyse est née de l’étude des ambiguïtés du discours de l’analysant qui révèlent la structure langagière du symptôme. L’interprétation, acte privilégié de l’analyste pour dénouer la jouissance incluse dans le symptôme sera analysée ici comme traduction de l’entre-deux langues que constitue radicalement le transfert. La sublimation doit ici être entendue comme création d’un espace faisant résonner le vide du signifiant vers son ouverture poétique.
Marque, passe et tresse
Authors: Bruno Pierre
Published: April 2019

Ce texte est un témoignage de ma psychanalyse avec Maud Mannoni et de ses effets. En second lieu, un témoignage de l’expérience de la passe que j’ai effectué après la fin de cette analyse. Enfin, ce texte comporte des considérations touchant à la direction de cure pratiquée par Maud Mannoni, en relation avec ses options théoriques.
Les lieux de l’Autre
Authors: Chaboudez Gisèle
Published: April 2019

L’Autre de Lacan s’érige d’abord comme lieu de la parole en vérité, qui s’ajoute à l’autre scène de Freud, que nulle parole n’habite, mais des lettres et des images nouées selon la jouissance. L’Autre comme corps se noue à l’Autre de la langue pour suppléer à ce que l’Autre du sexe ne comporte pas d’articulation de deux sexes comme tels.
Puentes que me ayudaron a entender y diseñar
Authors: Manterola Armisén J.
Published: April 2019

El presente artículo es un relato de cómo diferentes puentes construidos a lo largo de la historia han influido en el autor y le han marcado a la hora de entender y diseñar los suyos como autor.

El recorrido comienza con los puentes de piedra como el de Alcántara o el Pont du gard, pasa después por acueductos como el de Segovia, sigue con los puentes de los siglos XVIII y XIX de los constructores franceses para llegar a los puentes metálicos, en celosía, etc.

Finalmente se analizan puentes de hormigón de autores tan importantes como Torroja, Fernández Casado, Maillart o Freyssinet a quién dedica un apartado especial, así como a los “alemanes” de la segunda mitad del siglo XX.

Termina el autor diciendo “Yo creo que es muy bueno copiar bien y yo recomiendo esta práctica a todos los que empiezan en este precioso oficio, diseñar y construir puentes”.
Efficient Cyber Security Framework for Smart Cities
Authors: Waheed Amtul , Shafi Jana
Published: April 2019

Smart cities are established on some smart components such as smart governances, smart economy, science and technology, smart politics, smart transportation, and smart life. Each and every smart object is interconnected through the internet, challenging the security and privacy of citizen's sensitive information. A secure framework for smart cities is the only solution for better and smart living. This can be achieved through IoT infrastructure and cloud computing. The combination of IoT and Cloud also increases the storage capacity and computational power and make services pervasive, cost-effective, and accessed from anywhere and any device. This chapter will discuss security issues and challenges of smart city along with cyber security framework and architecture of smart cities for smart infrastructures and smart applications. It also presents a general study about security mechanism for smart city applications and security protection methodology using IOT service to stand against cyber-attacks.
Sustainable Project Management
Authors: Albert Martin , Mickel Friedrich
Published: April 2019

Sustainability is a concept that has increased in popularity constantly over recent years. During this time, the discipline of project management begun to focus on sustainability, but literature shows that the topic of sustainable project management is still incipiently explored. Therefore, the goal of the chapter is to identify connections between sustainability and project management, which is achieved through the literary review of 46 different texts. These sources were analyzed using a bibliometric analysis and a qualitative content analysis. As deductive and inductive derived categories “definition project management,” “definition sustainability,” “definition sustainable project management,” “affected areas,” “principles of sustainable project management,” and “project manager” were defined. In order to develop the profession of sustainable project management, focusing upon the verification of theoretical findings with empirical research is suggested.
Innovative Learning Approach in the 21st Century
Authors: Altinpulluk Hakan
Published: April 2019

The ease of access to information, which has become evident with the development of communication technologies such as the internet, has brought about revolutionary changes in education. With the development of Web 2.0 technologies, the strengthening of social networks and the process of the learners taking responsibility for their own learning, personal learning environments (PLEs) have emerged. PLE is a connectivism and network-based learning environment where the learning process is more flexible and the management of learning is in charge of the learner instead of the teacher or other person. It is regarded to be the learning environment for the future generations consisting of components that keep the learner active at all times as open, flexible, social network-based and cooperative Web 2.0. environments. In this section, definition of PLE, its ways of use, its advantages over the other learning systems, limitations and recommendations for use, are listed.
Gender-Responsive TVET Framework
Authors: Bala Shashi , Singhal Puja
Published: April 2019

Vocational education plays a pivotal role in achieving gender equality in skill development, and it has impacted the participation of women in labor market. Although there are various schemes and programs run by different ministries of India, they lack gender focus. As a result, it has widened the gender gap in various socio-economic indicators. This chapter proposes a TVET framework from gender perspective along with the review of current technical and vocational education system in India. It also identifies the challenges faced by women in enhancing their skills and its impact on their employability.
Using Social-Situational Learning to Create Career Pathways Into Community College Leadership
Authors: Sandoval-Lucero Elena , Klingsmith Libby A. , Gildersleeve Ryan Evely
Published: April 2019

This chapter describes a partnership created between a community college and a university designed to create pathways into community college leadership. The program used social-situational approaches to learning, placing students enrolled in the university's higher education graduate programs into graduate assistant positions that had defined responsibilities for the college's key strategic priorities. The program introduced students to multiple leadership pathways through participation in a community college environment. Students engaged in work that significantly advanced the college's strategic initiatives. The program centered social-situational leadership development on multiple levels and circulated through the shared priorities of social justice and inclusive excellence across the community college and the university. The partnership viewed graduate student development through the lens of transformative leadership, focusing on equity, access, diversity, ethics, critical inquiry, transformational change, and social justice. These principles underlie in the mission of both institutions.
An Authentic and Sustainable STEM Pre-Service Teacher Professional Development Model
Authors: Sun Yan , Rogers Reenay R. H. , Winship Jodie M.
Published: April 2019

Developing a strong STEM teacher workforce is essential to improve K-12 (kindergarten to 12th grade) STEM education and strengthening the STEM talent pipeline in the United States. Based on the successful experience in Project Engage, a grant funded by the U.S. Department of Education, this chapter proposes an authentic and sustainable four-dimensional STEM professional development model. Grounded on social constructivist and interactive approaches, this professional development model is intended to cultivate STEM pre-service teachers' ability to 1) provide K-12 students with authentic STEM learning experiences as defined in the four types of authenticity (i.e., context authenticity, task authenticity, impact authenticity, and personal/value authenticity) identified by Strobel and his colleagues; and 2) help K-12 students develop knowledge of STEM careers and professional, abilities to work in the STEM fields, and ways of working as STEM professionals as summarized by Rogers and Sun.