bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collaborative Social Media Campaigns and Special Collections: A Case Study on #ColorOurCollections
Authors: Garner Anne , Goldberg Johanna , Pou Rebecca
Published: June 2017

From February 1 to February 5, 2016, The New York Academy of Medicine Library launched #ColorOurCollections, a social media campaign that invited libraries, museums, and other cultural institutions to share images from their collections for users to color and repost on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest. The current popularity of adult coloring books inspired the idea. Large print runs and parallel sales of adult coloring books by Joanna Basford, Dover’s Creative Haven line, and others demonstrate a surge of interest in adult coloring, a format that encourages participatory art-making. In 2015, coloring books dominated the trade paperback bestseller list, accounting for “13.5% of the total [list] positions.” Recently, librarians have responded to the trend, forming library coloring clubs and adult coloring therapy programs.3 In this article, we discuss the goals of #ColorOurCollections, its successes and challenges, and offer recommendations for special collections in libraries interested in embarking on social media campaigns.
EDITORS' NOTE
Authors: Browar Lisa , Taylor Marvin J.
Published: June 2017

Stephen Sondheim, Follies Stephen Sondheim's bitter and extended meditation on the end of a modern marriage has nothing to do with our decision to step down as co-editors of RBM after four years. Yet his lyric about departure has put us in the mood to reflect on the journal, our profession, its past, and the future we all will share. Some of these thoughts are evidenced in the selections appearing in our final issue. Recently retired, Peter Dzwonkoski gives a backward glance at his career as head of special collections at the University of Rochester and relates the stories behind some of his . . .
EXPOSING HIDDEN COLLECTIONS: INTRODUCTION
Authors: Jones Barbara M. , Panitch Judith M.
Published: June 2017

We are honored by the invitation to edit this issue of RBM, and pleased to accept the opportunity to spread the word regarding the “hidden collections” project history and agenda. When Judy began background research several years ago for what eventually became the Association of Research Library’s 1998 survey on special collections in ARL libraries, the special collections professionals she consulted were nearly unanimous in naming unprocessed and uncataloged collections as one of the most critical issues they faced.1 They were equally clear in lamenting the lack of urgency this problem seemed to inspire beyond those having to grapple with . . .
INTRODUCTION
Authors: Kelly Mike
Published: June 2017

The 45th Annual Preconference of the Rare Books and Manuscripts Section of the Association of College and Research Libraries was titled “Ebb & Flow: The Migration of Collections to American Libraries.” From June 21–June 24, 2004, on the campus of Yale University, speakers addressed a variety of topics around this theme. Plenary speakers addressed the migration of books to North America during the colonial period, the development of university library collections in the nineteenth century, the epic collecting of J. Pierpont Morgan, and the post-World War II antiquarian book trade. Alice Prochaska, Yale University librarian, opened the conference with . . .
MUSICAL MIGRATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF THE TERESA CARREÑO PAPERS
Authors: Patkus Ronald D.
Published: June 2017

When we focus on the migration of collections, we generally think of the movement of these collections into our own repositories, typically in North America. But as we widen our focus, we see other types of collection migrations, including those from America to other countries. What is more, we can even see cases where both of these movements—to and from America—apply to a single collection. Though less frequent than single migrations, multiple migrations raise a variety of key issues for scholars, librarians, and others. The papers of Teresa Carreño, the Venezuelan pianist, composer, and teacher, provide a case in point.
VIRTUAL REPATRIATION: THE PITTSBURGH–KONSTANZ ARCHIVAL PARTNERSHIP
Authors: Heverly W. Gerald
Published: June 2017

During the 1920s and 1930s, a group of German and Austrian thinkers pioneered an approach to philosophy that shaped much of the discipline's subsequent development. These thinkers were “inspired by late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century revolutions in logic, mathematics and mathematical physics” and “aimed to create a similarly revolutionary scientific philosophy purged of the endless controversies”1 that had traditionally occupied philosophers. The result was a style of doing philosophy known as logical positivism. Berlin and Vienna were its main centers. The proponents of logical positivism included, among others, Rudolf Carnap, Herbert Feigl, Carl Carl Hempel, and Hans Reichenbach. The logical . . .
REPATRIATION OF THE BAKHMETEFF ARCHIVE: RUSSIAN DREAMS AND AMERICAN REALITY
Authors: Chebotarev Tanya
Published: June 2017

Since the early 1990s, the Bakhmeteff Archive of Russian and East European History and Culture at Columbia University, like many other Russian émigré archives all over the world, has become a critical resource in the process of rewriting twentieth-century Russian history. Now and then, references to the Bakhmeteff's holdings have appeared in Russian archival publications. Regrettably, some of these publications contain alarming instances of Russian demands for the “repatriation” of the Bakhmeteff Archive's holdings. A major factor behind this trend is an official government program to retrieve archival Rossica at any price; but it also is due in part to . . .
New Technologies and the Convergence of Libraries, Archives, and Museums
Authors: Wythe Deborah
Published: June 2017

Librarians and archivists who work in museums live a kind of double life. On the one hand, we consider ourselves information professionals: we belong to organizations such as SAA, ALA, SLA, or ARLIS, and we adhere to archival and library standards and ethics. On the other hand, museum departments operate within an organizational structure that is very different from a library, with dissimilar priorities and a unique institutional culture. Our day-to-day job requires a level of internal collaboration if we are to interpret and bridge these differences successfully.
When I became involved in planning, and later editing and coauthoring, a . . .
The Birmingham Civil Rights Institute: A Case Study in Library, Archives, and Museum Collaboration
Authors: Pijeaux Lawrence J.
Published: June 2017

To set the stage for my comments about the mission and development of the Birmingham Civil Rights Institute (BCRI) and its successful collaborative projects with libraries, archives, and other cultural and educational institutions, I would like to begin with a bit of personal background.
As a child growing up in New Orleans, I had to sit behind a screen that separated blacks from whites when I rode on a bus, and drink from water fountains designated “colored.” Libraries in New Orleans, however, were desegregated in 1955. My earliest experiences with them occurred when I was in public school, and I . . .
A Public Good: Documenting the American South and Slave Narratives
Authors: Dominguez Patricia Buck , Hewitt Joe A.
Published: June 2017

Documenting the American South (DAS) is an electronic publishing program of the University of North Carolina Library that provides public access to primary source materials related to Southern history, literature, and culture from the colonial period through the first decades of the twentieth century.1 It includes mainly nineteenth- and early twentieth-century published texts, with large numbers of autobiographies, biographies, essays, travel accounts, poetry, diaries, letters, and memoirs. It also offers a few titles published in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and some manuscripts, images, and audio files. DAS currently includes ten thematic collections.2
The American South has a unique cultural . . .
Web Site Usability for Rare Book and Manuscript Libraries
Authors: Dowell Erika
Published: June 2017

The information presented on the Web sites of special collections libraries is often very different from the information included on the Web sites of general collections libraries. Descriptions of manuscripts, finding aids in HTML or PDF formats, Encoded Archival Description findings aids, short-title lists, and home-grown databases are among the diverse resources that may be found on Web sites of special collections libraries. Additionally, the Web site may be required to describe certain important sources of information that are not available online, such as finding aids in hard copy or a card catalog.
The library literature includes many studies of . . .
Codifying Cultural Heritage: Why United States Criminal Law Suddenly Treats Our Rare Materials with Respect
Authors: McDade Travis
Published: June 2017

“The Cultural Heritage Guideline will, in my opinion, prove to be one of the most important of all the sentencing guidelines for the long-term benefit of our nation,” said United States Attorney (now federal magistrate judge) Paul Warner. He was testifying before the United States Sentencing Commission, which was about to get serious with cultural crimes. He was also echoing what he had written in a letter to the Commission a mere three months earlier. In that letter, which fully addressed the harm caused to the American people by crimes against cultural resources, he explained that “[f]ew undertakings by the . . .
El análisis existencial de Binswanger y la antropología orteguiana. Puntos de encuentro
Authors: Montesó Ventura Jorge
Published: June 2017

En la aplicación de la Analítica Existencial heideggeriana al campo de la psiquiatría, Binswanger se vio con la necesidad de trascender ciertos aspectos de su pensamiento encaminando su planteamiento ontológico a una tematización de calado antropológico. Ésta interpretaría la “existencia” como la existencia de cada sujeto particular en su mundo vivido. Puesto que, para Binswanger, el mundo contemplaba al “otro”, el modelo de ser-en-el-mundo se ampliaría a ser-en-el-mundo-con-otros, por lo que el Sorge, orientado hacia uno mismo, se vería ampliada al Liebe, implicando ese amor a la alteridad. Estas progresiones despiertan no pocos arrimos al pensamiento orteguiano. Advertimos la cercanía a la idea de “mi vida”; a sus nociones antropológicas e intentos de catalogación sociológica; y la idea de “preocupación” como cuidado, entre el Sorge y el Liebe
El lugar de la Música en la Filosofía del siglo XX
Authors: Beitia Bastida Maria Angeles
Published: June 2017

Este artículo pretende hacer un breve repaso a los planteamientos  filosóficos más relevantes acerca de la música en el siglo XX, a través de diversas perspectivas de la estética musical, que han adoptado destacados filósofos de la música y la cultura, musicólogos y teóricos de la música.
Historia y violencia. Presencia de Spinoza y Descartes en la obra de Carl Schmitt
Authors: Lomba Falcón Pedro
Published: June 2017

En el presente artículo se ensaya una reconstrucción del análisis que Carl Schmitt hace de la estructura de la primera Modernidad, poniendo de relieve la continuidad de su reflexión política e historiográfica. Así, la idea de conflicto (también teórico) se revela esencial para comprender su filosofía de la historia, y se manifiesta con claridad al hilo de la presencia de la obra de Descartes y de Spinoza en los análisis del jurista alemán.
El Sócrates de Rossellini: una lectura de la andréia como virtud cívica
Authors: Pajón Leyra Ignacio
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo estudia la figura de Sócrates en el largometraje homónimo de Rosselini de 1971, a través del análisis ofrecido por el director de la evolución de la noción clásica de andreia como virtud bélica hacia una nueva configuración enmarcada en el ámbito cívico de la polis, entendida como fusión cohesionada de las características tradicionales y las nuevas exigencias de la vida en la ciudad. La figura de Sócrates es propuesta como punto de giro de algunas de las prenociones conformadoras de nuestra sociedad tales como la tensión ético-política, el deber cívico o las resistencias a la realización individual en el marco social contemporáneo.
Hacia una fenomenología del tiempo. Una interpretación de las críticas de Husserl a Brentano en las Lecciones de fenomenología de la conciencia interna del tiempo
Authors: Kretschel Verónica
Published: June 2017

La primera parte de las Lecciones de fenomenología de la conciencia interna del tiempo consiste en una exposición crítica de la teoría del tiempo del maestro de Edmund Husserl, Franz Brentano. Se ha señalado el carácter infundado de las críticas allí planteadas. Nuestra propuesta buscará, según esto, explicitar la doctrina brentaniana del tiempo según la presentación de las Lecciones, analizar las críticas de Husserl y determinar las pautas allí subyacentes para una fenomenología del tiempo.
Ontología y física en la filosofía de Spinoza: un nuevo marco cosmológico para la Natura naturata
Authors: Álvarez Montero Daniel
Published: June 2017

En este artículo mostraré la adecuación de los postulados fundamentales del marco ontológico spinozista para su integración en los avances de la física contemporánea en el ámbito de la cosmología –relatividad general y mecánica cuántica–. La fusión entre la ontología spinozista y la física actual enriquecería bilateralmente ambos discursos, de tal suerte que, cada uno, puede ampliar sus horizontes en la medida en que sus enunciados traspasarían su formulación original y alcanzarían, del lado del spinozismo, una exégesis física de su ontología y, para la física, un revestimiento teórico que acerque sus postulados al desarrollo de un proyecto ético-político.
Die Geburt der Lebensphilosophie aus dem Geist der Konfliktsoziologie
Authors: Fitzi Gregor
Published: June 2017

The development of Simmel’s “life philosophy” characterizing the late phase of his work is ordinarily presented as the product of the reception of his contemporaries, above all Henri Bergson, whom he contributed to translate and introduce in Germany. The present essay shows, however, that Simmel’s life-forms paradigm has a completely different origin. It emerges from the essential core of Simmel’s theory of modern society, i.e. from his theory of social conflict. By showing that conflict is not simply a dividing factor but a process of sociation that integrates societies, Simmel realized that the epistemological dichotomy between process and substance had to be overcome in and open-ended conception of their dialectics going beyond Hegel’s teleological conception of historical development. Simmel found the semantics to express his conception in the examination of the life philosophy of his time, but he radically transformed it to point out the problem he wanted to address. To understand the particular nature of his question, it is important to trace its origins within his sociology.
Das schwierige Verhältnis von Kulturkritik und Theorie der Kultur. Plädoyer für eine theoretische Auseinandersetzung mit dem Erbe G. Simmels in der Konzeption von ‘Kultur’
Authors: Adolphi Rainer
Published: June 2017

The essay argues for taking G. Simmel’s theory of culture (especially Der Begriff und die Tragödie der Kultur, 1911) as a crucial point for guidance regarding conceptional questions and fundamental problems in view of current scientific debates on “culture” – with a theoretical discussion on Simmel’s legacy which hasn’t been sufficiently carried out. Simmel’s work will be shown as a generic explanation of a way of “culture thinking” which also in the current conjuncture of the subject “culture” did not turn obsolete in the course of modern scientific alternatives. Three different scopes are in focus: the term “culture” as a subsequent term of “Geist” (considering the consequences for the relation of empiricism and theory); overcoming harmonistic views of culture (“conflict”); and the capability of the critical thought of “sense” (the objectivity of the cultural “sense”). – At the same time, the “Simmel model” reveals the herein not yet thoroughly resolved (“personalistical”) implications of unity and identity, which are rather concealed and anonymously carried further. In Simmel, they result – again as exemplary – from his tendency of being anthropologically universal in his reasoning and from his strong “philosophy of life” forms of thought.
Politik, Ökonomie und Lebensstil in dem globalen Kapitalismus. Eine Überlegung auf der Grundlage von Georg Simmel
Authors: Mele Vincenzo
Published: June 2017

Georg Simmel’s paradoxical concept ofLifestyleopens up an extensive field of issues and a wide perspective on individual existence in contemporary society. On one side it makes possible to understand several aspects of the “aesthetisation of everydaylife” that characterize the current global consumer culture. On the other side help us to focus on different aspects of individual participation in the political and social life of the community and entails many nuances that are not immediately accessible from the point of view of the classical concept of citizenship. Such a richer interpretive perspective becomes viable if the concept of lifestyle is understood in the Simmelian meaning of theIndividual Law: an ethical principle that makes sense of a plurality of sphere of activities otherwise severed – as the rationalized modern life imposes upon individuals.
Die Herausforderung der Moderne. Überleben angesichts der monetären Formalisierung der Beziehungen
Authors: Gallo Lassere Davide
Published: June 2017

This paper expands on Simmel’s answer to the increasing depletion of social relationships due to the by then more than an increasingly pervasive monetary economy. Definitively abandoned all hope for a change in the arrangements that structure the social order and dismissed any prospect for a strong opposition, the simmelian’s individual can only aspire to a decent adaptation to the world as it is, trying to protect her intimate personality and to cultivate spaces and moments in which more specifically human features and qualities can flourish.
Aplicações da criatividade na educação brasileira
Authors: Reuter Braun Jan Raphael , Pereira Fialho Francisco Antonio , Salomão Ribas Gomez Luiz
Published: June 2017

O artigo discute relações entre o ensino brasileiro e a criatividade; e exemplifica este conteúdo apresentado quatro práticas que estimulam a criatividade e contribuem para o aprendizado escolar. Para isso o estudo se classifica como qualitativo, utilizando de procedimentos técnicos: pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de casos.  Observou-se que parte do problema relacionado ao interesse e permanência do aluno no sistema de ensino brasileiro pode ser solucionado utilizando práticas criativas que estimulem o interesse e contribuam para a compreensão dos conteúdos apresentados.
A docência em cursos EaD e suas implicações à educação básica.
Authors: Gardacho Pietrobon Sandra Regina , Frasson Antonio Carlos , Martins de Resende Luis Mauricio
Published: June 2017

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo central discutir sobre a docência em cursos de formação de professores EaD e suas implicações à educação básica, partindo do princípio que os professores formadores trazem saberes e experiências que se refletem na prática pedagógica nas instituições de ensino. Para tanto, buscou-se investigar se há pesquisas que abordem a temática em questão, por meio de um levantamento do tipo estado da arte no Portal da Capes de teses e dissertações com análise da temática, dos resumos e palavras-chave. Este levantamento realizado nos meses de maio e junho de 2015 revelou que os trabalhos focam a docência em cursos EaD em termos de seu perfil, característica, bem como a figura do tutor é explorada. Realizou-se, também, um levantamento de artigos que abordam a docência no contexto da EaD e as possíveis relações/implicações com a educação básica, no Portal de Periódicos da Capes, de modo que os artigos selecionados foram analisados em sua íntegra. Pode-se inferir que a docência em cursos de formação de professores EaD requer uma formação específica e contínua, assim como nos demais níveis e modalidades de ensino; tendo como premissa que a qualidade da educação, seja na formação acadêmica em cursos de licenciatura ou na educação básica, pode ser garantida à medida que os docentes sejam inseridos em processos formativos.
Práticas de iniciação à docência: o diário de campo como instrumento para pensar a formação de professores
Authors: Oliveira Sandra , Henn Fabris Elí
Published: June 2017

O artigo é resultado de um recorte da pesquisa de doutorado (OLIVEIRA, 2015) defendida no início de 2015 em articulação com pesquisa desenvolvida (FABRIS, 2013-2016) em um programa de pós-graduação em Educação no Brasil. O estudo busca dar visibilidade a alguns elementos que compõe as práticas de iniciação à docência a partir do uso do diário de campo por um grupo de licenciandas em Pedagogia vinculadas ao primeiro programa brasileiro de bolsa de iniciação à docência (Pibid). Apoiado nos campos teóricos dos Estudos em Docência e dos Estudos Foucaultianos e fazendo uso da ferramenta teórico-metodológica da subjetivação como operador analítico, o exercício recorreu a um conjunto de materiais produzidos por meio de um questionário semiestruturado e de diários de campo produzidos pelos sujeitos pesquisados. Resultados indicam o diário de campo como um potente instrumento para a formação de professores. Por meio de uma formação alicerçada nos fios constitutivos do saber, do poder e da ética, tal instrumento torna-se uma tecnologia humana produtiva de formas específicas e contingentes de subjetividades docentes.
Parceria universidade e escola no estágio curricular: um processo em constituição
Authors: Cyrino Marina , Souza Neto Samuel
Published: June 2017

O presente trabalho concentra-se em discutir o estágio curricular na formação inicial de professores dos anos inicias do ensino fundamental, focalizando a constituição de uma relação de parceria entre universidade e escola. Buscamos como objetivos identificar o compromisso da escola na formação inicial de professores e demonstrar as possibilidades de um processo de construção da parceria entre universidade e escola. A investigação longitudinal (2010-2015) que envolve dados de duas pesquisas (mestrado e doutorado), de natureza qualitativa, ocorreu no curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia da Unesp-Rio Claro. Contou com a colaboração de seis escolas e o envolvimento de professores, diretor e coordenadores, bem como a participação da professora supervisora da universidade responsável pelos estágios. A coleta de dados foi realizada em duas etapas: na primeira foram realizadas observações e entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas e; no segundo momento realizamos grupos focais com os participantes. Os dados foram organizados e apresentados em dois eixos temáticos: o compromisso das escolas na formação dos futuros professores e; o processo de constituição de uma parceria. Pudemos perceber o movimento de construção da parceria entre universidade e escola e as necessidades pontuadas por cada uma das instituições. Verificamos que a escola, à sua maneira, recepciona e é aberta aos estagiários, solicitam um trabalho em parceria, mas nem sempre são incluídas intencionalmente no processo. Foi possível perceber que há uma transição entre a parceria de serviço e a parceria de reciprocidade. Sendo assim, com a colaboração dos participantes, criamos dois dispositivos de formação que pudessem incluir a escola e a universidade de maneira formal no acompanhamento dos estagiários. Tais dispositivos contribuem para a o processo de profissionalização docente na medida em que possibilita aos atores papéis formais, intencionais, sistematizados e horizontais na formação de seus pares.
Engajando estudantes por meio da redação bons casos: formação docente
Authors: Cadena von Bahten Aline , Engelhorn Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2017

O uso de problemas de contexto real em sala de aula objetiva a aprendizagem efetiva, a motivação e o engajamento de estudantes. Observa-se que as discussões promovidas nesse ambiente não alcançam esses propósitos se o caso não é bem escrito. Apresenta-se um estudo de caso sobre as dificuldades de professores na criação de estudos de caso e de aprendizagem baseada em problemas (PBL) que promovam o engajamento de estudantes. Foram analisados 30 casos redigidos por professores após a primeira parte das oficinas de formação docente da PUCPR e suas reflexões e discussões nesse processo. Avaliou-se a influência de um instrumento de apoio na redação de bons casos. O principal problema encontrado foi a presença de informações além do necessário, o que pode levar os estudantes a solucionar problemas em sala de aula, mas sendo incapazes de aplicar isso na vida real.
Las pedagogías activas y el uso de los TICs en contexto universitario: ¿una combinacion posible?
Authors: Kozanitis Anastassis
Published: June 2017

Las pedagogías activas y las tecnologías de información y comunicación para la enseñanza están cada día más presentes en el ámbito universitario. Una amplia literatura científica sustenta los impactos positivos sobre el aprendizaje de ambos elementos. Sin embargo, el número de docentes que hacen un uso combinado y simultáneo de ellos resulta ser bajo. La principal razón evocada por no hacerlo es el desconocimiento de los TICs que podrían ser utilizadas con las pedagogías activas.
Management Considerations for a Retained Plantar Knife Injury
Authors: Rayasa Devon , Sessions Garrett , Witkos Maciej
Published: June 2017

A 13-year-old girl presented to the emergency department in stable condition with a retained penetrating knife wound injury in her right foot. Routine radiographs taken of the foot revealed deep tissue penetration by the knife without frank bony involvement. It was decided to remove the object in the operating room. Simple removal was performed, followed by wound exploration. The patient was admitted to the hospital for one night of observation and then was discharged without further complications.
Veterinarians and Public Health: Food Control in the Professionalization of Veterinarians
Authors: Elvbakken Kari Tove
Published: June 2017

This article explores the role of food control in the professionalization of veterinarians in Norway. Veterinarians became engaged in public health through food control and market inspection, which were the responsibility of Norway’s city boards of health from the 1860s. Food inspection served a double purpose: to ensure honest trade and to maintain the safety of food. I argue that food control, which was associated with cities’ efforts to secure public health and order, was important to the legitimacy of the veterinarian profession. This activity is not what one today sees as a core practice of veterinarians, which is the prevention and curing of animal sickness. Exploring boundary activities at the fringes of a profession, and especially activity connected to the city and the state, may shed light on the more general sources of professional influence and legitimacy in the Norwegian profession state.
LuxS-dependent AI-2 production is not involved in global regulation of natural product biosynthesis inPhotorhabdusandXenorhabdus
Authors: Heinrich Antje K. , Hirschmann Merle , Neubacher Nick , Bode Helge B.
Published: June 2017

The Gram-negative bacteriaPhotorhabdusandXenorhabdusare known to produce a variety of different natural products (NP). These compounds play different roles since the bacteria live in symbiosis with nematodes and are pathogenic to insect larvae in the soil. Thus, a fine tuned regulatory system controlling NP biosynthesis is indispensable. Global regulators such as Hfq, Lrp, LeuO and HexA have been shown to influence NP production ofPhotorhabdusandXenorhabdus. Additionally, photopyrones as quorum sensing (QS) signals were demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of NP production inPhotorhabdus.In this study, we investigated the role of another possible QS signal, autoinducer-2 (AI-2), in regulation of NP production. The AI-2 synthase (LuxS) is widely distributed within the bacterial kingdom and has a dual role as a part of the activated methyl cycle pathway, as well as being responsible for AI-2 precursor production. We deletedluxSin three different entomopathogenic bacteria and compared NP levels in the mutant strains to the wild type (WT) but observed no difference to the WT strains. Furthermore, the absence of the small regulatory RNAmicA, which is encoded directly upstream ofluxS, did not influence NP levels. Phenotypic differences between theP. luminescens luxSdeletion mutant and an earlier describedluxSdeficient strain ofP. luminescenssuggested that two phenotypically different strains have evolved in different laboratories.
Polymorphic Supramolecular Therapeutic Platforms with Precise Dye/Drug Ratio to Perform Synergistic Chemo‐Photo Anti‐Tumor Therapy and Long‐Term Immune Protection
Authors: Yan Jinhao , Wang Haoqi , Zhao Xueqin , Tao Longxiang , Wang Xuefu , Yin Jun
Published: October 2024

Malignant tumor has become one of the hellish killers threatening the health of people around the world, its diagnosis and treatment has become the concerns of public. However, the optimal therapeutic dose, undesired side‐effect, and long‐term immune activation were key and bottleneck problems in tumor treatment. Herein, different batches of supramolecular therapeutic platforms, including vesicles, spherical nanoparticles, and cylindrical nanorods, with precise ratios of dye to drug (1:2) and multiple stimulus responsiveness were constructed by host‐guest complexation between cyanine‐camptothecin conjugates (IR780‐CPT2) and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) pendent hydrophilic copolymers. The reduction responsiveness, near‐infrared photothermal conversion and singlet oxygen (1O2) generation performances endowed these platforms excellent cancer cells killing effect in both of in vitro cellular experiments and in vivo mice models. More importantly, without affecting the weight of mice, the maturation of dendritic cells, proliferation of T cells, up‐regulation of high mobility group protein B1, and reduction of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells were detected after employing a synergistic chemo‐photo therapy, demonstrating the body's immune effect was successfully activated. Thus, during the treatment of primary tumor, the distal tumor was also inhibited. We believe this work could provide a distinctive way to fabricate supramolecular theranostic platforms with different morphologies and improve antitumor and antimetastasis capabilities.
Optical Fiber‐Based Wearable Sensors for Remote Health Monitoring [Invited]
Authors: Zhang Guiwei , Singh Ragini , Zhang Bingyuan , Li Guoru , Kumar Santosh
Published: October 2024

The wearable optical fiber sensors have demonstrated significant promise in the realm of health monitoring in recent times. These sensors utilize the flexibility and exceptional sensitivity of optical fibers to precisely measure many physiological aspects of the human body, including heart rate, breathing rate, mobility status, and body temperature. Optical fiber sensors usually have good biocompatibility and anti‐interference capabilities, can be integrated into flexible materials, and are suitable for long‐term wear. It can be integrated into clothing, patches, or accessories to provide continuous, real‐time health data monitoring, providing important support for personalized medicine and remote health management. This paper primarily presents the fundamental operating concept of wearable optical fiber sensors and their use in monitoring physiological signals across multiple domains. In conclusion, this paper provides a summary of the limitations and future prospects of wearable fiber sensors using optical fiber technology.
Tailoring Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Activity in Topological Triangular Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Gao Yixuan , Tao Lei , Yin Yiyang , Wang Han , Ge Yiyao
Published: October 2024

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted considerable attention in catalysis due to their exceptional structural and chemical tunability. However, high electrical conductivity is rare in MOFs, hindering their practical applications toward catalytic reactions. Recently, 2D topological MOFs stand out for the unique topologically nontrivial electronic structures. Particularly, their high electrical conductivity and chemical tunability make them promising candidates as high‐performance catalysts. In this study, theoretical investigations are conducted into the intrinsic electronic properties and chemical activity of a 2D topological Cu‐1,3,5‐tris(pyridyl)benzene (Cu‐TPyB) framework. It is found that the coordination environment of Cu with pyridyl groups plays a crucial role in modulating the electron density around the Fermi level, thereby enhancing the catalytic activity of Cu‐TPyB toward electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Furthermore, substituting the single embedded Cu atom with Cu3 and Cu4Bi3 clusters further increases the electron density around the Fermi level. Specifically, the Cu4Bi3‐TPyB framework exhibits superior HER activity, which is attributed to its high electron density contributed by the p orbitals of Bi and the d orbitals of Cu. This work introduces a novel approach for optimizing the catalytic activity of 2D MOFs and developing high‐performance catalysts.
Low Band Gap Furan‐Flanked Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Naphthobisthiadiazole Based Conjugated Polymer/Stretchable Blend for Organic Field Effect Transistors
Authors: Kranthiraja Kakaraparthi , Sethumadhavan Vithyasaahar , Kumagai Shohei , Xu Yanan , Erhardt Andreas , McNeill Christopher R. , Manzhos Sergei , Takeya Jun , Sonar Prashant
Published: October 2024

N‐type organic semiconducting materials that are compatible in stretchable organic field effect transistors (OFETs) still lag in performance behind that of p‐type materials. Herein, a n‐type conjugated polymer (DPPF‐NTz) is reported that comprises a furan flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPPF) as a monomer and napthobisthiadiazole (NTz) as a comonomer units, respectively, in a conjugated polymer backbone. The low band gap of 1.34 eV and suitable frontier energy levels allow its utilization in OFETs as an n‐type semiconducting material. Optimized bottom‐gate top contact OFETs based on chloroform and chloroform: o‐dichlorobenzene processed DPPF‐NTz showed a maximum electron mobility (µe) of 0.00042 cm2 V⁻¹ s⁻¹ and 0.00078 cm2 V⁻¹ s⁻¹, respectively, in devices annealed at 150 °C. Interestingly, upon mixing the DPPF‐NTz with a stretchable polymer, polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene‐ran‐butylene)‐block‐polystyrene (SEBS), yielded a stretchable semiconducting polymer composite, which displayed an enhanced µe of 0.0024 cm2 V⁻¹ s⁻¹ in devices annealed at 250 °C over pristine DPPF‐NTz. The improved µe and mechanical stretchability of the DPPF‐NTz: SEBS polymer blend over pristine DPPF‐NTz polymer is examined by nano‐mechanical atomic force microscopy. The research investigation finding provides a critical insight into the structural and nano‐mechanical properties of n‐type stretchable polymer semiconductors, which are essential for the development of next‐generation wearable OFETs.
Light‐Promoted Extraction of Precious Metals Using a Porphyrin‐Integrated One‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework
Authors: Cheng Yuan‐Zhe , Bao Xiaotian , Jiang Di , Ji Wenyan , Yang Dong‐Hui , Ding Xuesong , Liu Xinfeng , He Yujian , Han Bao‐Hang
Published: October 2024

Precious metals are valuable materials for the chemical industry, but they are scarce and pose a risk of supply disruption. Recycling precious metals from waste is a promising strategy, here we tactfully utilize light irradiation as an environmental‐friendly and energy‐saving adjunctive strategy to promote the reduction of precious metal ions, thereby improving the adsorption capacity and kinetics. A newly light‐sensitive covalent organic framework (PP‐COF) was synthesized to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of this light auxiliary strategy. The equilibrium adsorption capacities of PP‐COF with light irradiation towards gold, platinum, and silver ions are 4729, 573, and 519 mg g−1, which are 3.3, 1.9, and 1.2 times the adsorption capacities under dark condition. Significantly, a filtration column with PP‐COF can recover more than 99.8 % of the gold ions in the simulated e‐waste leachates with light irradiation, and 1 gram of PP‐COF can recover gold from up to 0.15 tonne of e‐waste leachates. Interestingly, the captured precious metals by PP‐COF with light irradiation mainly exist in the micron‐sized particles, which can be easily separated by extraction. We believe this work can contribute to precious metal recovery and circular economy for recycling resources.
Coplanar Atropochiral 5H‐Cyclopenta[2,1‐b:3,4‐b′]dipyridine Ligands: Synthesis and Applications in Asymmetric Ring‐Opening Reaction
Authors: Yang Han , Sun Xiaojie , Chen Zhen , Jiang Chenming , Duan Longhui , Zhao Jinbo , Gu Zhenhua
Published: October 2024

Bipyridines represent a class of ligands renowned for their versatility and efficacy in numerous transition metal‐catalyzed reactions. Chiral bipyridine ligands are noted for their distinctive reactivity and stereoselectivity. In this work, we have designed and synthesized a class of bipyridine ligands endowed with an axially chiral scaffold. These ligands feature: (a) a precisely aligned coplanar bipyridine framework that is beneficial for metal chelation; (b) a spacious environment around the metal‐bipyridine complexes, capable of hosting substrates with substantial steric bulk; (c) a chiral pocket induced by the axially chiral architecture. These atropochiral planar bipyridine ligands were successfully applied in copper‐catalyzed ring‐opening reactions of cyclic diaryliodoniums with bulky secondary amines, achieving high efficiency and stereoselectivity that were unsuccessful in our previous efforts.
Molecular Weaving Towards Flexible Covalent Organic Framework Membranes for Efficient Gas Separations
Authors: Tian Xiaohe , Cao Li , Zhang Keming , Zhang Rui , Li Xueqin , Yin Chongshan , Wang Shaofei
Published: October 2024

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) exhibit considerable potential in gas separations owing to their remarkable stability and tunable pore structures. Nevertheless, their application as gas separation membranes is hindered by limited size‐sieving capabilities and poor processability. In this study, we propose a novel molecular weaving strategy that combines hydroxyl polymers and 2D TpPa−SO3H COF nanosheets, achieving high gas separation efficiency. Driven by the strong electrostatic interactions, the hydroxyl chains thread through the COF pores, effectively weaving and assembling the composites to achieve exceptional flexibility and high mechanical strength. The penetrated chains also reduce the effective pore size of COFs, and combined with the “secondary confinement effect” stemming from abundant CO2 sorption sites in the channels, the PVA@TpPa−SO3H membrane demonstrates a remarkable H2 permeance of 1267.3 GPU and an H2/CO2 selectivity of 43, surpassing the 2008 Robson upper bound limit. This facile strategy holds promise for the manufacture of large‐area COF‐based membranes for small‐sized gas separations.
Highly Dispersed ZnO Sites in a ZnO/ZrO2 Catalyst Promote Carbon Dioxide‐to‐Methanol Conversion
Authors: Zhang Xibo , Yu Xiang , Mendes Rafael G. , Matvija Peter , Melcherts Angela E. M. , Sun Chunning , Ye Xinwei , Weckhuysen Bert M. , Monai Matteo
Published: October 2024

ZnO/ZrO2 catalysts have shown better activity in the CO2 hydrogenation to methanol compared with single component counterparts, but the interaction between ZnO and ZrO2 is still poorly understood. In particular, the effect of the ZrO2 support phase (tetragonal vs. monoclinic) was not systematically explored. Here, we have synthesized ZnO/ZrO2 catalysts supported on tetragonal ZrO2 (ZnO/ZrO2‐t) and monoclinic ZrO2 (ZnO/ZrO2‐m), which resulted in the formation of different ZnOx species, consisting of sub‐nanometer ZnO moieties and large‐sized ZnO particles, respectively. ZnO/ZrO2‐t exhibited a higher methanol selectivity (81 vs. 39 %) and methanol yield (1.25 vs. 0.67 mmol g−1 h−1) compared with ZnO/ZrO2‐m. The difference in performance was attributed to the redox state and degree of dispersion of Zn, based on spectroscopy and microscopy results. ZnO/ZrO2‐t had a high density of ZnOx‐ZrOy sites, which favored the formation of active HCOO* species and enhanced the yield and selectivity of methanol along the formate pathway. Such ZnO clusters were further dispersed on ZrO2‐t during catalysis, while larger ZnO particles on ZnO/ZrO2‐m remained stable throughout the reaction. This study shows that the phase of ZrO2 supports can be used to control the dispersion of ZnO and the catalyst surface chemistry, and lead to enhanced catalytic performance.
Silylene [PSiP] Pincer Cobalt(II) Chloride–Catalyzed Alkene Hydrosilylation
Authors: Dong Yanhong , Zhang Min , Li Xiaoyan , Sun Hongjian
Published: October 2024

Silylene metal complexes exhibit excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in homogeneous catalysis. However, there are relatively few examples of silylene metal complexes as catalysts for the hydrosilylation of alkenes. In order to study the effect of a silylene ligand on the catalytic performance of [PSiP] pincer Co(II) chloride for alkene hydrosilylation, the PMe3 ligand in (MeSi(C6H4‐PPh2)2)Co (PMe3)Cl (1) was replaced by a silylene ligand, and a silylene [PSiP] pincer Co(II) chloride, (MeSi(C6H4‐PPh2)2)Co (PhC (NtBu)2Si)Cl (2), was used as catalyst to study its catalytic activity in alkene hydrosilylation. It was confirmed that silylene Complex 2 has excellent catalytic activity for alkene hydrosilylation with Ph2SiH2 as a hydrogen source. For alkene hydrosilylation, compared to phosphine Complex 1, silylene Complex 2 does not need NaBHEt3 as an additive. In addition, for aromatic alkenes, silylene Complex 2 has anti‐Markovnikov selectivity, while phosphine Complex 1 provides Markovnikov products in the presence of NaBHEt3.
Evaluation of the safety of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors for immunotherapy in patients with malignant tumors after COVID‐19 infection: A single‐center cohort study
Authors: Liao Kaili , Cheng Jinting , Hu Yujie , Zhang Beining , Huang Peng , Liu Jie , Zhang Wenyige , Hu Huan , Bai Xinyi , Qian Yihui , Guo Daixin , Ai Kun , Zhu Yuchen , Huang Long
Published: October 2024

Introduction

An increasing body of evidence suggests a close association between COVID‐19 infection and the safety of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy in cancer patients. However, the available data concerning these impacts remain limited and occasionally contradictory.

Material and Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of cancer patients who received PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy at the same institution from November 2022 to May 2023. After excluding patients with missing information, a total of 224 cases were included. In our study, immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) that occurred during the hospitalization of patients were included in the analysis. Further analysis of inter‐subgroup differences was conducted following a 1:2 propensity score matching. Statistical analyses were performed using the Fisher's exact, chi‐squared, and Mann–Whitney U‐tests.

Result

The results showed that no statistically significant differences between the two subgroups in the incidence of irAEs, changes in immune function before and after using PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors, and alterations in hepatic and renal function (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that infection with COVID‐19 does not significantly impact the safety of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors in cancer patients. Most cancer patients used PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors during COVID‐19 infection (asymptomatic or mild infection) did not experience exacerbation of their underlying condition, nor did they exhibit a substantial increase in toxic side effects.
EphA‐Mediated Regulation of Stomatin Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Nishida Masanari , Sato Akira , Shimizu Akio , Rahman Nor Idayu A. , Wada Akinori , Kageyama Susumu , Ogita Hisakazu
Published: October 2024

Background and Aims

Tumor growth and progression are affected by interactions between tumor cells and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment. We previously showed that the expression of an integral membrane protein, called stomatin, was increased in cancer cells following their association with stromal cells. Additionally, stomatin impaired the Akt signaling pathway to suppress tumor growth. However, it remains unclear how stomatin expression is regulated. To explore this, we examined the cell surface molecules that can transduce the intercellular communication signals between cancer cells and stromal cells.

Results

Among these molecules, EphA3 and EphA7 receptors and their ligand ephrin‐A5 were found to be expressed in prostate cancer cells, but not in prostate stromal cells. Cell‐to‐cell contact of prostate cancer cells through the EphA–ephrin‐A interaction suppressed stomatin expression, while knockdown of EphA3/7 or ephrin‐A5 increased stomatin expression. This increase contributed to an inhibition of prostate cancer cell proliferation. Intracellularly, the binding of ephrin‐A to EphA attenuated extracellular signaling‐regulated kinase (ERK) activation that promoted stomatin expression. Furthermore, ELK1 and ELK4, which are Ets family transcription factors phosphorylated by ERK, were involved in the induction of stomatin expression. We also found that higher Gleason score prostate cancer tissue samples had increased activation of EphA, while the stomatin expression and activated ERK and ELK levels were all low. In the mouse xenograft tumor samples generated by implantation of prostate cancer cells, EphA3 phosphorylation was attenuated and the ERK–ELK signaling and stomatin expression were enhanced in the area where stromal cells infiltrated the tumor.

Conclusion

The EphA‐mediated signaling suppresses the ERK–ELK pathway, leading to the reduction of stomatin expression that affects prostate cancer malignancy.
The Performance of Ethylene Partial Oxidation on Group IB Metal Stepped Surfaces
Authors: Huang Hong , Guo Zhongyuan , Wei Li , Xiong Wei , Li Hao
Published: October 2024

Group IB metal catalysts, particularly Ag, Au, and Cu, exhibit particular selectivity for ethylene oxide (EO) formation, while Ag demonstrating the highest performance so far. Previous studies have explored the EO formation mechanism on (100) and (111) surfaces of group IB metals, but the reaction mechanism on the (211) facet (analogous to the edge sites of a catalyst particle) remains poorly understood. Herein, we fill in the knowledge gap by analyzing ethylene partial oxidation to EO on the (211) surfaces of Ag, Au, and Cu through density functional theory (DFT) calculations, scaling relationship analysis, and microkinetic modeling. Our study demonstrates that the (211) surface decreases the energy barrier for the dissociation of oxygen molecules into oxygen atoms, while unfavorable for the production of EO. Therefore, we should preserve an appropriate concentration of (211) surface on the nanoparticles when designing catalysts for the ethylene epoxidation reaction.