bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A COMPETITIVE ASSESSMENT OF SOUTH AFRICA'S LEADING CITIES — NATIONAL, CONTINENTAL AND GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Angelopulo George
Published: June 2021

South Africa's cities are focal points in any contemporary snapshot of the country. Their swift transformation within the national landscape means that they now affect or even dominate every other element within it. Its cities and their burgeoning populations have become defining characteristics of the country with their increasing political sway and growing contribution to the national economy. For many people living in cities, their urban affiliation is stronger and more meaningful than an increasingly abstract and distant national affiliation. Cities are important to national branding because they are localised and tangible points where national perception and reputation often originate or are reinforced. For many stakeholders it is city brands that contribute most directly to their perceptions of the national brand in areas such as ease and security of investment, economic status, liveability, tourism, personal interaction or safety and security. This article considers South Africa's largest cities, their competitive positions within the country, in Africa and across the globe, and it does so with a measure of inclusive urbanisation that is relevant to a wide spectrum of South Africa's stakeholders — national and international business and investors, institutions, government and citizens.
AFRICAN STRUCTURES FOR GOVERNING FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: A CRITIQUE
Authors: Manyuchi Albert Edgar
Published: June 2021

African countries have warmed up to foreign direct investment (FDI) in the past two decades. In an attempt to attract more FDI, most countries have reformed their FDI policies and institutions. However, the national structures governing FDI have not been studied in-depth. This policyscience research uses a unique conceptual framework and an institutionalist approach to expose and critique national policies and institutions for FDI in Africa. The current African structures governing FDI reflect a messy web, difficult to decipher and inadequate to form a foundation for a continental regime. Policy learning and structural convergence may be essential for better FDI governance.
US Foreign Policy towards Ghana and Tanzania: An Afrocentric Review
Authors: Shai Kgothatso
Published: June 2021

In this article, the author uses Afrocentricity in order to provide an African point of view in respect of the analysis of the United States (US) foreign policy towards Africa. Given the dominance of mainstream thinking about the US foreign policy that takes for granted US as a prominent and primary in defining the relations, this article employs historical sensibility in order to trace the US relationship with Ghana and Tanzania using Afrocentric lens. This discourse is often partially understood due to the lack of an Afrocentric perspective on the existing literature in this aspect of Strategic Studies. History is crucial in this regard because the past provides a sound basis for understanding the present and future. This helps challenge the thinking overly informed by mainstream theories in Strategic Studies. As it shall be seen below, such a paradigm remains critical in highlighting the peculiarity of the US relationship with Ghana and Tanzania and in providing a deeper understanding of underlying dynamics in US foreign policy towards Africa. To realise the purpose of this article, the author relies methodologically on interdisciplinary critical discourse and conversations in their widest forms.
Towards Macro-Economic Convergence in SACU: The Position of Botswana
Authors: Shangase Mabutho
Published: June 2021

In light of recent developments such as the African Continental African Free Trade Area agreement (AfCFTA), incrementalist approaches to regional inte gration that focus on sub-regions seems to have been pushed to the backburner as more focus puts the entire African continent at the centre of integration processes. With all its potential, gradual macro-economic convergence has accordingly been neglected. Discussions on macro-economic convergence have on the other hand been cast over the broader sub-region such as the Southern African Development Community (SADC) where a number of indicators and targets have been identified and pursued closely. Whilst looking at Botswana as a point of departure, this paper argues that incremental macro-economic convergence is pivotal to broader regional integration and the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) provides an ideal stepping-stone. An incrementalist approach to macro-economic convergence as well as broader regional integration should begin with identifying key formal institutions that serve as custodians of macro-economic policy such as the central banks and departments of finance or treasuries. Using secondary data sources, with Botswana as a case study, this paper foregrounds macro-economic convergence, macro-economic policy making institutions, and SACU as critical building blocks for broader regional integration.
Infrastructure Provision as a Catalyst for Local Economic Development in South Africa
Authors: Makhathini Mandisa SM , Mlambo Victor H , Mpanza Siphesihle
Published: June 2021

Throughout the era of the apartheid, the provision and accessibility of infrastructure in South Africa was skewed, and while the minority had access, the majority was overlooked. Local economic development (LED) has rested on the premise that the availability of infrastructure is likely to spur socio-economic development and to lift millions of South Africans out of poverty. However, with South Africa’s economy struggling to register consistent growth, there are difficulties accessing the much-needed finances needed to invest in infrastructure to spur LED. The study that this paper reflects upon used a qualitative research method and a systematic review of the literature relating to infrastructure provision and local economic development. It utilised thematic content analysis to deduce its findings with the hope of bringing in meaning to the overall content of the paper. The study revealed that indeed infrastructure provision is key to local economic development, that South Africa’s infrastructure provision is still skewed as urban areas continue receiving priority over rural areas; that local economic development is key in reducing inequality and spurring economic growth and sustaining the livelihoods of rural dwellers. However, limited investments in infrastructure in rural areas hinder the realization of such benefits. It recommends that the government prioritise LED in rural areas among other suggestions.
La apuesta brasileña en la Antártida: trayectoria reciente y perspectivas futuras a la luz de la inauguración de la nueva Estación Antártica Comandante Ferraz
Authors: Cardone Ignacio Javier
Published: June 2021

La inauguración de la nueva estación Antártica Comandante Ferraz y la intención de adquirir un nuevo navío de apoyo logístico parecen indicar un interés renovado de Brasil en su política antártica. Sin embargo, resulta necesario evaluar la trayectoria reciente y la evolución de otros factores para obtener una lectura más contextualizada. Para ello, el presente artículo analiza la evolución reciente del programa antártico brasileño en base a tres factores: infraestructura, estructura institucional y de investigación científica. Así, podemos observar que la fuerte inversión en infraestructura física ha fortaleciendo el perfil preexistente, pero sin incorporar nuevas capacidades. Asimismo, la estructura institucional del programa antártico brasileño continúa siendo relativamente reducida y poco especializada. En términos de las investigaciones científicas, Brasil ha experimentado un proceso de institucionalización relevante, pero aún no ha conseguido alcanzar un nivel de estabilidad, y la exclusión de las humanidades y ciencias sociales lo limita en un aspecto que va adquiriendo creciente importancia a nivel mundial. Lo anterior sugiere que Brasil ha sido exitoso en mantener sus operaciones antárticas en un nivel de importancia internacional, pero no se espera que experimente una expansión o incremento de peso significativo.
Tumor sincrónico de colon y apéndice. Reporte de caso
Authors: Chancafe-Rodríguez José Gerardo , Gil-Arroyo-Álvarez Angela Gabriela , Chávarry-Ysla Patricia Del Rocío
Published: June 2021

Introducción: Los tumores sincrónicos son sumamente raros, la coexistencia de cáncer de colon y apéndice es un fenómeno relativamente inusual, que plantea problemas diagnósticos a la hora de discriminar la naturaleza primaria o metastásica de cada uno de ellos. Este hecho se suscita en la mayor parte de los casos ante adenocarcinomas mucosecretores sincrónicos. Reporte de caso: Presentamos el caso de una paciente femenina de 72 años de edad que ingresó al servicio de emergencia del Hospital Regional Docente Las Mercedes de Chiclayo por sintomatología de dolor abdominal agudo, donde se le realizan estudios imagenológicos con diagnóstico presuntivo de neoplasia maligna de recto, ingresando a sala de operaciones. El resultado anatomopatológico evidenció un diagnóstico de Adenocarcinoma tubular con componente mucinoso en recto-sigmoides de bajo grado de malignidad (moderadamente diferenciado), con invasión hasta tejido adiposo peri rectal adyacente, bordes de invasión infiltrativo e invasión perineural, con margen de resección libre y ganglios linfáticos libres de neoplasia maligna; además de, Adenocarcinoma mucinoso de apéndice moderadamente diferenciado (G2), de localización difusa, la neoplasia invade hasta la muscular propia, margen de resección libres de neoplasia maligna. Conclusión: La importancia de esta categoría es que la frecuencia de neoplasias malignas a nivel apendicular no es alta, y su asociación simultánea con Adenocarcinoma colorrectal las hace aún más insólitas.
La variable
Authors: Oyola-García Alfredo Enrique
Published: June 2021

Introducción: Uno de los elementos clave de una investigación es la variable, sin embargo, no existe acuerdo entre los metodólogos sobre los principales tópicos relacionados con ella, hecho que ha motivado la elaboración del presente artículo.
CUMPLIMIENTO DE ESTÁNDARES DE ACREDITACIÓN Y CALIDAD DE ATENCIÓN EN SERVICIOS DE EMERGENCIA.
Authors: OLIVA-YARLAQUÉ YOHANA MILAGROS , CHÁVARRY-YSLA PATRICIA DEL ROCIO
Published: June 2021

Introducción: El Ministerio de Salud del Perú, ha elaborado estándares de acreditación, que incluyen 14 macroprocesos, de los cuales, destaca el macroproceso 10 del servicio de emergencia, estos fueron creados para ser cumplidos y garantizar la calidad en los servicios de salud. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica disponible, sobre cumplimientos de estándares de acreditación y calidad de atención en servicios de emergencia. Materiales y métodos: se realizó revisión bibliográfica sistemática acerca de estándares de acreditación hospitalaria, la calidad de atención en salud y el servicio de emergencia hospitalaria, con artículos científicos publicados en fuentes regionales, nacionales e internacionales, en español e inglés, en el período 2017 - 2020, indexadas en las bases de datos: Scielo, Scopus, Elsevier y Web of Science. Conclusiones: Las estrategias para el cumplimiento de los estándares de acreditación que se buscan desarrollar, van a depender del involucramiento de los directivos, jefes de oficinas y/o departamentos, así como todo el personal de salud en su conjunto. Logrando con el cumplimiento de estos brindar una atención de calidad en beneficio del paciente con su satisfacción y aceptación de los mismos.
Leukoedema pada Perokok
Authors: Mambu Priska T. , Suling Pieter L. , Supit Aurelia S. R.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Smokers can be found in almost all groups of people worldwide since cigarettes can be obtained easily anywhere and have been addicted by adult smokers. Leukoedema is one of the lesions in oral cavity that most often appears in smokers. This study was aimed to obtain the description of leukoedema cases among smokers. This was a literature review study. This study used previous studies or reports related to leukoedema in smokers. There were 13 literatures in this study consisting of 9 cross-sectional studies, 3 cohort studies, and 1 case control study. The results showed that leukoedema lesions were more common in smokers than in those who consumed tobacco. Leukoedema was closely related to the duration of smoking and the frequency of smoking in a day. Leukoedema was also more common in men than in women, and was often found bilaterally on the buccal mucosa. In conclusion, leucoedema was most common in cigarette smokers and was related to duration of smoking, frequency of smoking per day, and sex. It was often found bilaterally on the buccal mucosa.Keywords: smokers, leukoedema Abstrak: Perokok ditemukan pada hampir semua kelompok masyarakat di dunia. Leukoedema merupakan salah satu lesi dalam rongga mulut yang paling sering muncul pada perokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran leukoedema pada perokok. Jenis penelitian ialah studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan topik terkait leukoedema pada perokok dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Pustaka yang diulas dan dipelajari dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 13 pustaka, terdiri dari 9 cross-sectional study, 3 cohort study, dan 1 case control study. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa lesi leukoedema lebih sering ditemukan pada perokok dibandingkan yang tidak merokok meskipun mengonsumsi tembakau. Leukoedema erat hubungannya dengan lama kebiasaan merokok dan frekuensi merokok yang dilakukan dalam sehari. Leukoedema juga lebih sering ditemukan pada laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan, dan sering ditemukan pada mukosa bukal secara bilateral. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah leukoedema sering didapatkan pada perokok dan berhubungan erat dengan kebiasaan merokok, frekuensi merokok, jenis kelamin, dengan lokasi mukosa bukal bilateral.Kata kunci: perokok, leukoedema
Gambaran Perilaku Masyarakat dan Keputusan Tidak Menggunakan Gigi Tiruan Lepasan
Authors: Kaida Dita C. , Mintjelungan Christy N. , Wicaksono Dinar A.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Teeth play an important role in chewing process, speech function, and as an aesthetics for the formation of facial profiles. Problems that often occur in dental and oral health, such as caries which causes tooth decay, therefore, extraction is needed. The solution to tooth loss is to use dentures, however, not everyone wants to do that.  There are factors that influence a person's condition in taking action, namely behavior. Health behavior is everything related to one's actions in maintaining and improving one's health. A person's decision to use or not use dentures is influenced by economic factors, knowledge, time, and experience.Thi study was aimed to obtain the community behavior related to the decision not to use removable dentures. This was a literature study using two databases, namely Google Scholar and Digital Reference Garba. Data were analyzed by using a cross sectional study design. The results showed that the community behavior was categorized as good. The community's decision not to use removable dentures was influenced by several factors, namely economy status, knowledge, time, and experience. In conclusion, although the community behavior was categorized as good, there were still many of them who lost their teeth but did not replace their missing teeth with artificial teeth due to a variety of factors.Keywords: behaviour, removable denture Abstrak: Gigi berperan penting dalam membantu proses pengunyahan, fungsi bicara, dan sebagai estetika pembentukan profil wajah. Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut seperti karies menyebabkan rusaknya gigi sehingga perlu pencabutan. Prevalensi penggunaan gigi tiruan tidak sebanding dengan prevalensi kehilangan gigi di masyarakat. Terdapat faktor yang memengaruhi keadaan seseorang dalam melakukan tindakan yaitu perilaku. Pengambilan keputusan seseorang untuk menggunakan atau tidak menggunakan gigi tiruan juga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu faktor ekonomi, pengetahuan, waktu, dan pengalaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku masyarakat dan keputusan tidak menggunakan gigi tiruan lepasan. Jenis penelitian ialah literatur reviewe, dengan sumber data diperoleh dari dua database yaitu Google Scholar dan Garba Rujukan Digital kemudian dianalisis dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa masih banyak masyarakat yang kehilangan gigi tetapi tidak menggantikan gigi yang hilang dengan gigi tiruan. Gambaran perilaku masayarakat dikategorikan baik dan untuk keputusan masyarakat tidak menggunakan gigi tiruan lepasan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu faktor ekonomi, pengetahuan, waktu dan pengalaman. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah walaupun gambaran perilaku masayarakat dikategorikan baik namun masih banyak masyarakat kehilangan gigi tetapi tidak menggantikan gigi yang hilang dengan gigi tiruan, yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor.Kata kunci: perilaku, gigi tiruan lepasan
Gambaran Estimasi Usia Biologis dengan Menggunakan Metode Blenkin-Taylor (Modifikasi Sistem Demirjian) di Kota Semarang
Authors: Woroprobosari Niluh R. , Wisaputri Devina V. , Ni'am Muhammad H.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Unexpected incident such as natural disaster and accident often occur in many countries including Indonesia which causes many victims with unknown identity. Tooth is one of the indicators to assess and determine a person's identity. Blenkin-Taylor method is used for age estimation of an individual by using teeth. This study was aimed to obtain the estimation of biological age by using Blenkin-Taylor method in Semarang. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Samples were panoramic digital radiograph data of patients aged 5-15 years, copied in the form of a soft file. The observation and measurement were performed on seven teeth of right lower jaw by using the DICOM RadiAnt application. Data of observations and measurements of maturation scores were calculated and converted into the Blenkin-Taylor formula to determine the biological age. The results showed that the difference between biological and chronological age was ±0.32 years. This value was lower than the Blenkin-Taylor previous study result which was ±0,6 years. In conclusion, by using the Blenkin-Taylor method, there was a difference between biological age and chronological age as many as ±0,32 years in individuals aged 5-15 years old in Semarang.Keywords: biological age, the Blenkin-Taylor method, panoramic radiography Abstrak: Kejadian tidak terduga seperti bencana alam dan kecelakaan sering terjadi di berbagai negara, salah satunya di Indonesia yang menimbulkan banyak korban jiwa yang tidak diketahui identitasnya. Gigi merupakan salah satu indikator untuk menilai dan menentukan identitas seseorang. Salah satu metode dalam menentukan estimasi usia dengan menggunakan gigi ialah metode Blenkin-Taylor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran estimasi usia biologis dengan menggunakan metode Blenkin-Taylor di Kota Semarang. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah data file digital radiograf panoramik pasien berusia 5-15 tahun yang disalin ke dalam bentuk soft file, kemudian dilakukan pengamatan dan pengukuran pada 7 gigi  regio  kanan  rahang  bawah  dengan  menggunakan  aplikasi  RadiAnt DICOM. Hasil pengamatan dan pengukuran skor maturasi dihitung dan dikonversikan ke dalam rumus metode Blenkin-Taylor untuk menentukan usia biologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selisih usia biologis dan usia kronologis sebesar 0,32 tahun. Hal ini lebih kecil dibandingkan penelitian Blenkin-Taylor terdahulu sebesar 0,6 tahun. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah dengan mengggunakan metode Blenkin-Taylor terdapat selisih rerata usia kronologis dan usia biologis sebesar ± 0,32 tahun pada individu usia 5-15 tahun di Kota Semarang.Kata kunci: usia biologis, metode Blenkin-Taylor, radiograf panoramik
Pengaruh Penggunaan Metode Irene’s Donut terhadap Penurunan Skor Risiko Karies pada Anak
Authors: Muntu Ladiza F. J. , Wowor Vonny N. S. , Khoman Johanna A.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Caries is an oral disease that is often found in the community. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Basic Health Research) showed that 54.0% of the caries problems were found in the ge of 5-9 years. One of the government's efforts to reduce the risk score of caries causes is to promote a dental and oral health education program; one of them is the Irene's Donut method. This study was aimed to obtain an overview of the use of Irene's Donut method in reducing the caries risk score. This was a literature review study using databases of Google Scholar and Digital Reference Garba. The results showed that there were five journals fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria.  There was a change in the level of cleanliness and significant increases of knowledge, attitude, and practice of the respondents. In conclusion, the Irene Donut method is effective in reducing the caries risk score in children by installing knowledge to the parents to guide their children related to good oral health maintenance behavior.Keywords: Irene's donut, dental caries in children, caries risk score Abstrak: Karies merupakan masalah penyakit mulut yang sering ditemukan pada masyarakat. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar menunjukkan sebanyak 54,0% masalah karies ditemukan pada kelompok usia 5-9 tahun. Salah satu upaya pemerintah dalam menurunkan skor risiko penyebab karies yakni menggalakan program pendidikan kesehatan gigi dan mulut; salah satunya ialah metode Irene’s Donut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan metode Irene’s Donut terhadap penurunan skor risiko karies. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review menggunakan database Google Scholar dan Garba Rujukan Digital. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan lima jurnal yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Didapatkan perubahan tingkat kebersihan gigi serta peningkatan yang bermakna secara statistik pada pengetahun, sikap, dan praktik responden. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah metode Irene’s Donut dinilai efektif dalam menurunkan skor risiko karies pada anak dengan cara menanamkan pengetahuan pada orang tua untuk membimbing anak dalam hal menanamkan perilaku pemelihara kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang baik.Kata kunci: Irene’s donut, karies gigi pada anak, skor risiko karies
Pengaruh Paparan Gas Ozon terhadap Jumlah Koloni Jamur Candida albicans
Authors: Chusaeni Amana F. , Wibisono Gunawan , Skripsa Tira H.
Published: June 2021

Abstract:  Candida albicans is one of the pathogenic fungal species which causes oral infections. One of the methods to minimize the risk of fungal infection is by application of asepsis procedure through gargling with antiseptics. Ozone has high oxidative properties, therefore, it is considered as an antiseptic agent. Plasma Study Center of Diponegoro University has developed an ozone generator machine which opens up an opportunity to identify ozone properties as an antiseptic in controlling the number of fungal colonies, especially Candida albicans. This study was aimed to identify the effects of ozone exposure on the number of fungal colonies of Candida albicans. This was a laboratory experimental study with one-group pretest-posttest design. A total of 32 samples of Candida albicans suspensions were divided into two groups (16 each). Group 1 was not treated with ozonation, while group 2 were ozonated. Then, the two groups were cultured in SDA media using the spread plate method and were incubated for 48 hours. The data were obtained by calculating the number of fungal colonies growing in SDA media. The Wilcoxon test obtained a p-value <0.05, meaning that there were differences in the colony number of Candida albicans before and after ozonation. In conclusion, ozone exposure has a significant effect on the number of fungal colonies of Candida albicans. Further studies are needed adding variables or parameters. Keywords: ozone; fungal colony; Candida albicans  Abstrak: Candida albicans merupakan salah satu spesies jamur patogen yang menyebabkan infeksi oral. Salah satu metode untuk meminimalkan risiko infeksi jamur ialah melalui penerapan prosedur asepsis dengan berkumur menggunakan antiseptik. Ozon memiliki kemampuan oksidasi tinggi sehingga dipertimbangkan untuk menjadi bahan antiseptik. Pusat Penelitian Plasma Universitas Diponegoro telah mengembangkan mesin generator ozon yang membuka peluang untuk mengetahui kemampuan ozon sebagai antiseptik dalam mengendalikan jumlah koloni jamur terutama Candida albicans. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh paparan gas ozon terhadap jumlah koloni jamur (Candida albicans). Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratorik dengan one group pretest-posttest design. Sebanyak 32 sampel suspensi jamur Candida albicans dibagi menjadi dua kelompok (masing-masing 16 sampel). Kelompok 1 tidak dilakukan ozonasi dan kelompok 2 dilakukan ozonasi kemudian kedua kelompok dikultur dalam media SDA dengan metode spread plate dan diinkubasi 48 jam. Data diperoleh dengan menghitung jumlah koloni jamur yang tumbuh pada media SDA. Hasil uji statistik Wilcoxon mendapatkan nilai p<0,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan jumlah koloni jamur (Candida albicans) sebelum dan setelah pemberian gas ozon. Simpuolan penelitian ini ialah paparan gas ozon berpengaruh secara bermakna terhadap jumlah koloni jamur (Candida albicans). Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan dengan penambahan variabel atau parameter.Kata kunci: gas ozon; koloni jamur; Candida albicans
PENGARUH PERAN PERAWAT SEBAGAI KONSELOR TERHADAP RESPON BERDUKA PASIEN HIV/AIDS DI BLU RSU PROF. DR. R. D.KANDOU MANADO
Authors: Sepang Chinta A. D , Kanine Esrom , Wowiling Ferdinand
Published: June 2021

Abstrak: Perubahan fisik serta stigma negatif di masyarakat menyebabkan tekanan psikologis pada pasien dengan HIV/AIDS berupa respon berduka terhadap penyakit, sehingga perawat diharapkan dapat membina hubungan interpersonal yang terapeutik mencakup perannya sebagai konselor. Penelitian ini mencoba mencari ada tidaknya pengaruh peran perawat sebagai konselor terhadap respon berduka  pasien  HIV-AIDS di BLU RSUP Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Metode penelitian menggunakan pre eksperimental dengan one group pre-post test design. Responden berjumlah 15 orang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Mula-mula diukur dengan menggunakan kusioner respon berduka, selanjutnya diberikan konseling oleh perawat dalam tiga sesi pertemuan kemudian respon berduka pasien diukur lagi dengan kuisioner yang sama. Hasil Analisa data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test(α=0,05) didapatkan Nilai probabilitas=0,001. Hal ini menunjukkan nilai p <nilai α sehingga dapat disimpulkan adanya pengaruh signifikan konseling perawat terhadap respon berduka pasien HIV/AIDS. Kata kunci: Pasien HIV-AIDS, peran perawat sebagai konselor, respon berduka pasien.   Abstract: Physicial changes as well as the negative stigma in society causes psychological distress in patients with HIV/AIDS responses in the form of mourning of the disease, so the nurses are expected to develop a therapeutic interpersonal relationship includes her role as a counselor. This study tried to find whether or not the influence of the nurse’s role as grief counselor’s response to HIV/AIDS patients in the departement of BLU RSUP prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. The method uses pre experimental research with one group pre-post test design. Respondents totaled 15 people selected using purposive sampling technique. At first the response was measured using grieving questionnaire, than given counceling by nurse in three session later grieving response was measured again with the same questionnaire. The results of the data analysis using the wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test (a=0.05) obtained  probability value=0.0001. This  shows the value of  p <values so that we can conclude the existence of a significant effect of the rsponse of gief counseling caregiver of patients with HIV/AIDS Keywords: HIV/AIDS patients, the role of nurses as counselors, grief responses of patients.
Penyakit Crohn: Laporan Kasus
Authors: Siwy Paul V. , Gosal Fandy
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory transmural bowel disease with unspecific clinical characteritics. It could involve all parts of the digestive system. The exact cause of this disease remains unknown. Its manifestation depends on the location of involved intestinal mucosa, however, it could also occur extra intestinal. We reported a case of Crohn’s disease in a 54-year-old male. In this patient there was defecation with blood in stool, abdominal pain, nausea, and weight loss. Diagnosis was based on history, physical examination, endoscopic examination and colonoscopy, as well as histopathological examination. Colonoscopy EGD examination and tissue biopsy were performed on this patient and revealed esophagitis EGD classification of Los Angeles grade A and erosive gastritis. The results of colonoscopy suggested Crohn’s disease, and internal and external hemorrhoids. Pathology examination showed non-specific chronic gastritis, nonspecific chronic ileitis with datia cells, nonspecific pancolitis, and specific chronic proctitis. Disease activity measured by using CDAI (Crohn Disease Activity Index) score was 170 (mild disease). Moreover, based on the Montreal classification it was classified as A3 L3 B1 and SES-CD (Simple Endoscopic Scoring System in Crohn’s Disease) with value of 0 (not active). This patient was planned to be treated with 500 mg of mesalazine three times daily.Keywords: Crohn’s disease Abstrak: Penyakit Crohn adalah bagian dari penyakit inflamasi saluran cerna dengan karakteristik klinis yang tidak jelas, transmural, dan dapat mengenai semua bagian saluran cerna. Sampai saat ini etiologinya belum diketahui pasti. Manifestasi penyakit ini bervariasi tergantung kerusakan dari lokasi mukosa intestinal yang terkena. Manifestasi ini dapat juga terjadi di luar sistem saluran cerna. Kami melaporkan suatu kasus penyakit Crohn pada seorang laki-laki berusia 54 tahun. Pada pasien ini didapatkan buang air besar disertai darah, nyeri perut, mual dan penurunan berat badan. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan endoskopi dan kolonoskopi serta pemeriksaan histopatologik. Pemeriksaan EGD-kolonoskopi dan biopsi jarring-an dengan hasil EGD esofagitis klasifikasi Los Angeles grade A dan gastritis erosiva. Hasil kolonoskopi ialah kesan suspek penyakit Crohn dengan hemoroid interna dan eksterna. Hasil histopatologi mendapatkan gastritis kronik non spesifik, ileitis kronik non spesifik dengan sel datia, pankolitis non spesifik dan proktitis kronik non spesifik. Aktivitas penyakit diukur dengan skor CDAI sebesar 170 (aktivitas ringan) dan berdasarkan klasifikasi Montreal diklasifikasikan sebagai A3 L3 B1 dan SES-CD sebesar 0 (tidak aktif). Pasien ini direncanakan untuk diterapi dengan pemberian mesalasin 500mg tiga kali sehari.Kata kunci: penyakit Crohn
Gambaran Fungsi Kognitif Pasien Pasca Stroke
Authors: Boletimi Reinaldi O. , Kembuan Mieke A. H. N. , Pertiwi Junita M.
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Stroke or brain attack occurs directly and its incidence is still very high until now. It is reported that two-thirds of stroke patients suffered from cognitive impairment leading to dementia within three months after stroke that can interfere with one’s daily activities if left untreated. This study was aimed to obtain the description of cognitive function in post-stroke patients. This was a literature review study using three databases, as follows: Goggle Scholar, Pubmed, and Clinical Key, and the keywords were cognitive impairment, cognitive decline, post-stroke, and MoCA. There were 10 literatures that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that many post-stroke patients showed cognitive function decline in the visuospatial/executive, memory, language, attention, and abstract domains. Cognitive impairment occured mostly in male patients, age 60 years and over, low education, ischemic stroke, left hemisphere lesion, with a history of hypertension. In conclusion, there is a relationship between post-stroke cognitive impairment and the location of lesion, age, and education level, albeit, there was no relationship between the cognitive impairment and gender as well as diabetes mellitus.Keywords: cognitive impairment, post-stroke, MoCA Abstrak: Stroke menyerang otak secara langsung dengan angka kejadian yang masih sangat tinggi sampai saat ini. Dua pertiga pasien stroke dilaporkan mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif yang berujung pada demensia dalam tiga bulan pasca stroke serta dapat mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari bila dibiarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran fungsi kognitif pasien pasca stroke. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review, dengan pencarian literatur pada tiga database yaitu Goggle Scholar, Pubmed, dan Clinical Key. Kata kunci yang digunakan ialah penurunan fungsi kognitif, pasca stroke, dan MoCA. Hasil seleksi mendapatkan 10 literatur yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pasien pasca stroke sering terjadi penurunan fungsi kognitif dengan domain visuospasial/eksekutif, memori, bahasa, atensi, dan abstrak yang paling sering terganggu. Penurunan fungsi kognitif banyak ditemukan pada pasien laki-laki, usia 60 tahun ke atas, jenjang pendidikan rendah, stroke iskemik, lesi hemisfer kiri, dengan riwayat hipertensi. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah adanya hubungan antara penurunan fungsi kognitif dengan lokasi lesi, usia, dan jenjang pendidikan namun tidak terdapat hubungan dengan jenis kelamin dan diabetes melitus.Kata kunci: gangguan kognitif, pasca stroke, MoCA
Apakah Tingkat Pendidikan dan Frekuensi Senam Aerobik berhubungan dengan Status Gizi?
Authors: Chairudin Bella Cloudia , Manampiring Aaltje Ellen , Nelwan Jeini Ester
Published: June 2021

Background: Nutritional status is also a person's physical condition which is determined by one or a combination of nutritional measures such as body mass index. Nutritional status is indirectly influenced by the frequency of aerobic/ anaerobic exercise and the level of education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between education level and frequency of aerobic exercise with nutritional status of members of the Sports Health Center of Health Office North Sulawesi Province. Methode: This is a correlational research with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted in June-July 2020 at the Community Sports Health Center of Health Office North Sulawesi Province. This study used 30 respondents. The variables of this study were nutritional status, level of education and frequency of aerobic exercise. This study uses secondary data from existing member at the Community Sports Health Center. Data were tested using Fisher's Exact test. Result: The results showed that 27 respondents had a BMI <18.5-22.9, 24 respondents had S1/ D3 degree and 15 respondents were aerobic exercise frequency as much as 37-50 times. The results of this study indicated that there was no correlation between education level with nutritional status (p = 0.501) and there was no correlation between the frequency of aerobic exercise with nutritional status (p = 1,000). Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the level of education and the frequency of aerobic exercise are not correlation with the nutritional status of the members of the Sports Health Center.
ANALISIS DAMPAK MEKANISME PENERIMAAN SISWA BARU BERDASARKAN UMUR DI INDONESIA KHUSUSNYA DI JAKARTA
Authors: Al Farisyi Muhammad Salman , Ferdiansyah Achmad Fawaz , Rahadian Andhika , Al Fadh Dhanurangga , Putrisusari Yasyfiana Fariha , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: June 2021

New Student Admission is a series of annual compulsory activities held by all schools in Indonesia in order to accept new students in the new academic year. The process of New Student Admission is based on school and government policies. In 2019, the Ministry of Education and Culture issued a regulation regarding the admission of new students as stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 44 of 2019. In this regulation, the age of students is used as one of the parameters that are put into consideration after the distance between residence. In its implementation, many schools in Jakarta use age as the main parameter instead of the distance of student residence so that it violates the provisions of Permendikbud 44 of 2019. The use of age as a main parameter can affect student achievement in school. To see this further, a literature study was conducted which discussed the effect of entry age and achievement in several countries and various levels of education. Based on the literature that has been done, it is unfortunate that the effect of student entry age on achievement at school has different results between each level of education. At the early education level (Kindergarten - Elementary School), the age at which students enter has an influence on their achievement at school, but this does not apply at the secondary level (Junior High School - Senior High School) where the age of students has no effect on achievement at school.
PENGARUH PERNIKAHAN DINI TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN DI DESA ANGKATAN KEPULAUAN KANGEAN MADURA
Authors: Syafaa Misana Yatus
Published: June 2021

Kangean merupakan nama kepulauan di ujung timur Kabupaten. Tingkat pernikahan dini yang sangat tinggi menjadi salah satu pokok permasalahan reproduksi yang dihadapi daerah ini. Di kepulauan Kangean Kecamatan Arjasa Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura, terjadinya pernikahan dini itu karena  masalah ekonomi keluarga terutama di keluarga calon mempelai wanita yang orang tuanya meminta laki-laki untuk segera menikahi anak perempuannya. Sehingga, dalam keluarga si perempuan akan berkurang satu anggota keluarga yang jadi tanggung jawab orang tua. Banyak masyarakat yang kurang paham akan akibat terjadinya pernikahan dini. Pernikahan dini memang efektif mencegah perbuatan zina, namun pernikahan dini justru rentan dengan perceraian, pernikahan dini membuat terhentinya pendidikan. Metode yang kami gunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data yang kami gunakan adalah wawancara dan kajian pustaka dengan menggunakan objek kajian pola kehidupan masyarakat di Desa Angkatan kecamatan Arjasa Kabupaten Sumenep. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Menambah wawasan tentang pengaruh pernikahan dini terhadap pendidikan. Hasil penelitian kami dari 25 responden, kebanyakan dari mereka telah melakukan pernikahan dini karena keinginan orang tua sangat besar untuk menikahkan anaknya agar semakin berkurang tanggung jawabnya sebagai orang tua yang akan membiayai hidupnya, daerah ini sangat jauh dari perkotaan sehingga minim informasi mengenai akibat buruk dari pernikahan dini. akibat terhentinya pendidikan akan menyebabkan generasi muda kehilangan masa depan.
Aplikasi Sistem Pelayanan Administrasi Persuratan Masyarakat di Kantor Desa Cihampelas Kab. Bandung Barat
Authors: Yuliana Ade , Anggraeni Meilani , Syani Mamay
Published: June 2021

Correspondence administration service activities in the Cihampelas Village Office, West Bandung Regency are still manual with submission forms, approval processes and data recapitulation that have not been stored properly. Time and location constraints and services that often cannot be resolved in one day are problems for people who need fast services. These problems need to be handled quickly to improve excellent service for the local community, so based on the results of interviews with the manager, an application is needed to simplify the letter-making process. The system development method used to make this software uses the Prototype method with stages arranged starting from the requirements collection which contains the stages in the needs analysis, followed by design to testing with the black box testing method. The application is made based on a website using the Laravel framework, MySQL as the database. Based on the results of testing the satisfaction level of application usability through the User Acceptance Test (UAT), the percentage results were 87% of the total 25 user respondents and 3 admin respondents, which concluded that the application built had fulfilled system functionality and was running according to the requirements of the user
Implementasi Model Waterfall pada Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Monitoring Prestasi Mahasiswa
Authors: Rahmawati Devi , Prabowo Annas Setiawan , Purwanto Riyadi
Published: June 2021

Cilacap State Polytechnic (PNC) is a Polytechnic that has several scholarships in it. Bidikmisi is one of the scholarships available at PNC. Bidikmisi scholarship recipients are required to report their achievements every semester to the Biro Administrasi Akademik dan Kemahasiswaan (BAAK) which still often experiences problems, including student delays in collecting achievement reports, BAAK finds it difficult to monitor the progress of student achievement, especially in the non-academic field because all the data is in each student. This research focuses on monitoring related to student achievement. Making this system using the waterfall method because it is systematic. The results of the questionnaire show that this system can assist in the process of managing and monitoring student achievement with a percentage of around 60% stating it is good and can help students to notify the results of their achievements and can be accessed at any time without having to wait for information or visit the BAAK room with a high percentage. obtained from the results of the questionnaire about 70% stated good
Estructura de mercado, comportamiento y políticas de la banca privada y mixta mexicana, 1970-1980
Authors: Yesin Toledo Rubén
Published: June 2021

Conducta de instituciones bancarias para definir aspectos: Productividad, eficiencia de los servicios, estrategias de proceso de penetración, políticas para mantener una posición y participación en el mercado bancario, nivel regional como nacional.
El concepto de educación: La confluencia de criterios de definición, orientación formativa temporal y actividad común como núcleo de contenido de su significado
Authors: Touriñán López José Manuel
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es fundamentar la necesidad de ir más allá de la definición nominal del concepto de educación y justificar la existencia de rasgos distintivos de la definición real del término ‘educación’ en el carácter y el sentido inherentes al significado, que deben ser tenidos en cuenta en cada momento y lugar, siempre que realicemos intervención pedagógica.

Se trata de formar criterio sobre el significado de ‘educación’ y la importancia de la Pedagogía en la construcción de ámbitos de educación. El conocimiento de la educación hace posible la construcción de ámbitos de educación con las áreas culturales, transformando la información en conocimiento y el conocimiento en educación. Y esto exige ejercer la función pedagógica con competencia, estableciendo una relación educativa en la que la actividad común es la herramienta de trabajo.
Obstáculos epistemológicos y cognitivos en el aprendizaje del cálculo diferencial: Una mirada sobre los casos de límites especiales
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Yesika , Padilla Escorcia Iván , Consuegra Pacheco Salomón David , Trujillo Quiroz Angélica , Ortega Tovar Teremy , Rivera Marenco Luz Yineth , Rocha-Fontalvo Yolima
Published: June 2021

En el proceso de aprendizaje de cualquier tema que sea nuevo para un estudiante se pueden encontrar varios óbices, que emergen por diversos motivos, sea la forma errónea de explicar el tema por parte del profesorado o la permanencia prolongada en ejemplos y/o teorías de baja dificultad, entre otras. Estos obstáculos impiden la construcción de cualquier conocimiento matemático. En particular, es muy importante identificar los obstáculos epistemológicos y cognitivos en el aprendizaje, dado que facilitaría el crecimiento sistemático en la estructuración del conocimiento, y permitiría construir una base fuerte para la construcción del conocimiento. Por lo que se tomará como contenido matemático el tema de límites especiales, que presenta gran dificultad para su aprendizaje en los estudiantes. El trabajo estará enfocado en los obstáculos epistemológicos y cognitivos que presentan los estudiantes en el aprendizaje de los límites especiales, teniendo como interés dar pautas para la aplicación de herramientas que brinden soluciones e identificar dichos obstáculos. Para ello, se estará utilizando como herramienta, la rúbrica, que es una guía para la evaluación del desempeño del estudiante. También se analizará la noción de obstáculos y su origen, buscando llegar a los motivos para la aparición de los mismos.
Sobre un modelo epidemiológico SEI con inmigración
Authors: Cerón Gómez Miller , Ibarguen Eduardo , Espitia Cristian Camilo
Published: June 2021

Presentamos un modelo matemático tipo SEI que considera la transmisión de una enferme- dad por los infectados y los expuestos o latentes. Adicional a esto consideramos que existe un proceso de inmigración en la población. Mostra- mos que existe un equilibrio endémico y que no existe equilibrio libre de la infección por efecto de la inmigración. Para el equilibrio endémico mostramos la estabilidad global sin restricción en ninguno de los parámetros de existencia.
Explorando los conceptos de polígonos y poliedros desde el modelo de Van Hiele
Authors: Hernández Rosa Virginia , Useche Arciniegas Víctor Julio , Mariño Luis Fernando
Published: June 2021

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los niveles de razonamiento manifestado por un grupo de estudiantes de secundaria cuando resuelven problemas que involucraran los conceptos de polígonos y poliedros siguiendo el modelo Van Hiele. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se optó por un enfoque cuantitativo, con un alcance descriptivo. Como técnicas para recolectar la información se diseñó e implementó un banco de preguntas, utilizando el software educativo Viaje por la Geometría. Los resultados permitieron evidenciar un buen nivel de razonamiento alcanzado por los estudiantes al reconocer, analizar, clasificar, calcular el número de diagonales de un polígono y de utilizar el teorema de Euler para establecer la relación ente el número de caras, vértices y aristas del poliedro. En el proceso de razonamiento de deducción formal correspondiente al nivel cuatro no fue alcanzado por la gran mayoría de los estudiantes debido a la dificultad al realizar los cálculos algebraicos para calcular la apotema de un polígono en función de su lado; igualmente presentaron dificultad al calcular la diagonal del paralelepípedo.
Abordagem da temática aproveitamento total dos alimentos no Ensino de Ciências da Natureza com enfoque interdisciplinar: relato de experiência no contexto da Educação Básica
Authors: Braz de Oliveira Coelho Franciele , Lemos Escobar Francielle
Published: June 2021

O foco principal deste trabalho é o Ensino de Ciências através da temática aproveitamento total dos alimentos, explorando conceitos de Ciências da Natureza, por meio de atividades com viés interdisciplinar. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa do tipo exploratória com estudo de caso, em que participaram do estudo alunos de primeira série do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública estadual da região da Campanha do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. No desenvolvimento da pesquisa foram aplicadas oficinas temáticas com foco na interdisciplinaridade, por meio da metodologia de Delizoicov e Angotti (1991), denominada de Três Momentos Pedagógicos. Os dados foram coletados através de questionários, observação, e anotações feitas em um diário de campo. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados tendo como embasamento a teoria de análise de conteúdo apresentada por Bardin (2015).  O estudo trouxe como principais resultados a colaboração de oficinas temáticas para a compreensão de conceitos de Ciências relacionados ao tema. Dessa forma, a pesquisa obteve resultados positivos, principalmente em relação à importância da inovação nas metodologias de ensino na Educação Básica.