bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sürgündeki Anglo-Sakson Kadını ve Kimliği: Kadının Ağıtı ve Wulf ve Eadwacer
Authors: Yıldız Nazan
Published: January 2022

Ağıt formatında olan Anglo-Sakson şiiri genellikle erkeklerin dünyasını resmeder. Bu dünya; savaşlarla yoğrulmuş, sürgün ve ayrılıklarla dolu bir dünyadır. Bu şiirler arasında, Anglo-Sakson kadınının bakış açısını yansıtan şiirlerin sayısı çok azdır; fakat bu kaotik dünyadan onlar da nasiplerini alırlar. Bu sürgün dünyasında, kadınların rol ve kimlikleri erkekler tarafından şekillendirilir. Anglo-Sakson kadınının çilesini yansıtan eserler içerisinde göze çarpan iki eser Kadının Ağıtı (The Wife's Lament) ve Wulf ve Eadwacer (Wulf and Eadwacer)’dır. Kadının Ağıtı’nda, kadın anlatıcının sözleri sürgünde olması sebebiyle derin bir keder barındırır. Büyük ihtimalle bir kan davası yüzünden yurdunu ve kendisini terk eden kocasını arayan kadın, içine düştüğü tecrit hayatını anlatır. Benzer şekilde, Wulf ve Eadwacer’da kadın anlatıcı kan davası sebebiyle maruz kaldığı tecrit hayatından bahseder. Bu kadın anlatıcı da kocasından ayrı düşmüş ve kabilesinin ona karşı duyduğu nefretten ötürü acı çekmektedir. Kadının Ağıtı (The Wife's Lament) ve Wulf ve Eadwacer (Wulf and Eadwacer) Eski İngilizce ağıtları içerisinde yer alır ve nadir bir durum olan kadın anlatıcılara sahip olmalarıyla eşsizdirler. Bu iki eserin başka bir eşsiz tarafı da Eski İngiliz şiirinde nadir örneği görülen erkek egemen Germen dünyasında Anglo-Sakson kadınlarının çıkmazlarını yansıtmalarıdır. Bu bağlamda, bu makale Kadının Ağıtı (The Wife's Lament) ve Wulf ve Eadwacer (Wulf and Eadwacer)’da Anglo-Sakson kadınlarının rol ve kimliklerinin sürgün, ayrılık ve kan davasıyla dolu erkek egemen dünyası tarafından nasıl oluşturulduğunu tartışmayı ve bu emsalsiz metinleri Türk okuyucuyla buluşturmayı hedeflemektedir.
Türk Edebiyatında Bohem İmgesi ve Fikret Adil
Authors: Budan Cem
Published: January 2022

Bohem kavramı, ilk örneklerine 19. yüzyıl Paris’inde rastlanan “dandy” ve “flanör” tipleriyle aynı tarihsel kesitte ortaya çıkmış modern kent profillerinden birini tanımlamaktadır. Zamanla müstakil bir kültürel yönelimin sözcülüğünü üstlenmeye başlayan bohem, burjuva değerleriyle çatışma hâlindeki sanat topluluklarının yaşam pratiklerine atıfta bulunacak şekilde anlam genişlemesine uğramıştır. Çoğunlukla avare, başıboş, haz odaklı ve sorumsuz bir yaşam biçiminin öznesi olarak konumlandırılan bohem sanatkâr, kamusal değerlere muhalif, izole bir çevrenin mensubudur. Türkiye’de ilk bohem sanat topluluğu, Fikret Adil’in etrafında bir araya gelen Necip Fazıl Kısakürek, Peyami Safa, Mahmut Yesari ve Aka Gündüz gibi ediplerin 1930’lu yıllarda çekirdeğini oluşturduğu zümre tarafından temsil edilir. Beyoğlu merkezli bu topluluğun yaşam tarzı, kişisel ilişkileri, değer dünyaları ve sanatsal eğilimleri hakkında en detaylı verilere, Fikret Adil’in kaleme aldığı otobiyografik unsurlar içeren eserler aracılığıyla ulaşılabilmektedir. Söz konusu yapıtlar, yerli sanatkârların bohem kültüre ilişkin kavrayışlarını bir bütün hâlinde ortaya koyduğu gibi bu yaşam biçiminin Türk edebiyatındaki temsilinin batıdaki örneğinden hangi bağlamlarda ayrıldığını da dikkatlere sunmaktadır.
Growth and Fatty Acid Profile of the Aspergillus terreus in Different Culture Media and Temperatures
Authors: Ferreira Glalber Luiz da Rocha , Vieira José Daniel Gonçalves , D’Alessandro Emmanuel Bezerra
Published: January 2022

Fungi are a promising alternative source of oil to produce biodiesel, still very little known. The identification of a species with desirable characteristics is a fundamental component to achieve the economic viability of the process. The study aimed to carry out the evaluation of the fungus Aspergillus terreus in different culture media and different temperatures, the production of fungal biomass and in line with obtaining the profile of methyl esters of fatty acids. The fungal biomass revealed that in the NBRIP medium at both a temperature of 29 ºC and 36 ºC, it resulted in a great potential in the production of saturated fatty acids (SFA), which have excellent combustion properties, reaching values of 35.89 and 34,89%, respectively. For most species, the fuel would need to be mixed to make up culture conditions to be optimized and achieve the correct lipid profile, so that the fungal fuel meets European biodiesel production standards (EN 14214). Aspergillus terreus from iron ore tailings proved to be a promising microbial biomass as an energy source in the production of biodiesel.
THE The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Online Learning In Sports Coaching Education
Authors: Fajar Muhammad Kharis , Pramono Bayu Agung , Supriyanto Nugroho Agung , Rasyid Ainur
Published: January 2022

The spread of Covid-19 has an impact on the education sector in Indonesia. This causes learning to change from conventional to online learning. This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on online learning for UNESA PKO students. The research subjects were 176 students who were divided into several generations. This type of research is descriptive quantitative using survey method. The results showed that online learning was not effective enough (58%). The most perceived obstacle was internet quota packages that ran out quickly (40.61%). The most common suggestions put forward by subjects were online lectures, not only assignments and facilities provided, expected by students. It can be concluded that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic that has occurred as a whole in the world, especially in Indonesia, dramatically affects the education process, especially in the sports sector, because we cannot directly practice and observe all student activities.
Effects of Aromatherapy on Sleep Improvement in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Studies in Korean Journals
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Hwang Yoon Young , An Minjeong , Cho Hang Nan
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of aromatherapy for sleep improvement in older adults and summarize the available evidence.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Peer-reviewed journal articles were searched using the following databases: RISS, KISS, NDSL, and KMbase. The studies selected were assessed for methodological quality using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies.
Results: Of 16 studies, 14 found aromatherapy to be a therapeutic intervention for sleep improvement in older adults. This review provides valid evidence that aromatherapy with lavender oil is effective in managing old adults’ sleep problems. Conclusion: The review findings can assist health care providers and researchers who assist older adults with sleep issues living either in community settings or institutions.
Factors Affecting Hospice Nursing Performance in Scattered Hospice Patient Unit
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kim Young A , Chung Hyang-In , Hwang Myeong Eun
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This is an explanatory study conducted to provide baseline data for the development of hospice nursing through the understanding of factors that affect hospice nursing performance working in scattered hospice patient units among nurses. Methods: Research subjects were 236 nurses working in two hospitals located in two Metropolitan City. Data were collected from August 15 to 31, 2014 and analyzed by frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and regression analysis using SPSS WIN 23.0. Results: As a result of examining the difference in hospice nursing performance of nurses depending on their general characteristics, significant differences were found for age, education level, position, total career duration, life satisfaction, hospice counseling experience, hospice training experience, and perception of hospice service provider. Spirituality and hospice perception showed significant positive correlations with hospice nursing performance. A multi variate regression analysis performed to identify independent factors influencing hospice nursing performance was significant (F=61.75, p ＜.001), and the explanatory power of the model was 34.1%. Higher spirituality (=.121, p =.027) and hospice perception (=.549, p ＜.001) were affecting higher hospice nursing performance. Conclusion: Based on these results, policies and educational measures must be established to promote the development and implementation of a program to enhance nurses’ existential well-being and hospice perception and to create a clinical environment led by spiritually healthy older nurses with more experience to ensure high-quality hospice nursing performance.
Nursing Students Communication Competency, Critical Thinking Competency, and Self-leadership
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Lee Hyun-Ju , Ha Jae-Hyun
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify nursing students communication competency, critical thinking competency, and self-leadership. Methods: The study was a descriptive-correlational study which used a convenience sample of 132 nursing students drawn from 2 universities. Descriptive statistics t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, and Pearson s correlation were utilized for data analysis. Results: The results of this study were as follows: Nursing students who were the second eldest child showed higher communication ability than those who were an only child or the oldest child (X²=6.45, p =.040). Male students had higher critical thinking competency than female students (z=−2.60, p =.009). Students with a high degree of college life satisfaction had high levels of communication competency (X²=25.87, p =＜.001), critical thinking competency (X²=8.60, p =.014), and self-leadership(X²=9.09 p =.011). Nursing students with a high degree of major satisfaction had higher communication competency (t=4.56, p =＜.001), critical thinking competency (t=4.38, p =＜.001), and self-leadership (t=3.27, p =.001). Nursing students with a high degree of club activity involvement had higher communication competency (t=2.39, p =.018), critical thinking competency (t=2.71, p =.008), and self-leadership (t=2.99, p =.003). A significant positive correlation between communication competency, critical thinking competency, and self-leadership was demonstrated amongst nursing student participants (r=.71, p ＜.001). Conclusion: Communication competency, critical thinking competency, and self-leadership were all found to be positively correlated. Therefore, in order to improve the communication competency, critical thinking competency, and self-leadership among nursing college students, it is necessary to prepare a plan to increase the degree of satisfaction with their nursing department and major, and investigate ways to support greater involvement in various club activities.
A Literature Review on Exercise Self-Efficacy Instruments for Japanese Immigrants
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Chae Duckhee , Asami Keiko
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify current Japanese version of exercise self-efficacy instruments for measuring the exercise self-efficacy of Japanese immigrants in South Korea and evaluate their measurement properties. Methods: This study used a literature review on the measurement properties of exercise self-efficacy instruments. The PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched from their inception to 19th July 2021 for related articles. Results: Two instruments were identified via the database search. Both were developed based using Bandura’s self-efficacy as the theoretical background. Overall, both instruments appeared to present adequate evidence for internal consistency and structural validity. Hypotheses testing for construct validity was verified for only one instrument. However, the test-retest lacked evidence for adequacy concerning the time interval. More importantly, content validity was not evaluated during the development of either instruments. Conclusion: We could not identify an instrument with sufficient validity and reliability to measure the exercise self-efficacy of Japanese immigrants in South Korea. In the future, the content validity of the two identified instruments must be evaluated by an expert panel and for and by the target population.
Development and Application of the Online Community Nursing Practice Program in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kim Kyung Sook
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present a plan to provide an effective practice education by integrating field and online practice for nursing students in the post-corona era. Methods: We conducted a satisfaction survey after developing and operating an online community nursing practice education program for 34 fourth grade students in the Department of Nursing at K University. The online practice covered topics contents such as health center project survey, skill evaluation, nursing process, and health project plan. Results: More than 92% of the students answered that online practice activities were beneficial, and all of them reported that they were generally satisfied with the practice. All students answered that it was helpful in gaining problem-solving ability, reinforcing competency as a nurse, and establishing a vision through online practice. However, 14.3% of the students said they were disappointed because they could not do field practice. Conclusion: It is necessary to provide practical training so that students can have more practical experience. This can be done by taking advantage of the online practice and including it in field practice.
Factors Affecting the Clinical Competence of Senior Nursing Students Experiencing Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kim Chaeha , Kim Beomjun , Jo Suin , Cho In Young , Kim Narin
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study identifies factors affecting the clinical competence of senior nursing students who experience online learning during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: In this study, 180 nursing students from third and fourth grades in South Korea participated from June 25 to July 3, 2021. Study data were collected through an online survey using self-report questionnaires that contained items on online learning satisfaction, online learning participation, learning immersion, learning transfer, and the clinical competence scale. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 26.0 program; descriptive statistics, Pearson s correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression were applied, as well. Results: Participants’ clinical competence averaged 3.80±0.55 on the 5-point scale, The factors with the most influence on the clinical practicum were learning transfer (=.398, p ＜.001) and online learning participation (=.316, p ＜.001), and the model’s explanatory power was 25.5% (F=16.30, p ＜.001). Conclusion: The study results provided a foundation to develop an efficient online intervention program to improve senior nursing students’ clinical competence during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Concept Analysis of Medication Adherence in the Elderly with Chronic Disease: Hybrid Model
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Kim Jeong Sun , Kang Sook
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to define and clarify the concept of medication adherence in the elderly with chronic diseases. Methods: This study employed the hybrid model of Schwartz-Barcott and Kim (2000), which consists of three phases: an initial theoretical phase, a fieldwork phase and a final analytical phase. In the fieldwork stage, data were collected from interviews of 11 elderly people taking prescription medications for one or more chronic diseases in G city. Results: Concept of medication adherence in the elderly with chronic diseases was identified as four dimensions and seven attributes in the final analytical phase: 1) cognitive dimension: mindfulness of taking medication, 2) psychological dimension: expectation of medication, acceptance of taking medication effect, 3) behavioral dimension: spontaneity of taking medication, practice according to prescription or instructions, persistence of taking medication, 4) interpersonal: interaction with healthcare professional. Conclusion: This
conceptual analysis improves the understanding of the concept of medication adherence in the elderly with chronic diseases, and could be used as a basis for the development of a measurement tool and nursing intervention of medication adherence in the elderly.
Aviptadil: Class Effect of a Synthetic Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide as a Treatment Option in Patients with COVID-19 with Severe Respiratory Failure
Authors: Chakraborty Dwaipayan Sarathi , Choudhury Shouvik , Lahiry Sandeep
Published: January 2022

Despite dynamic drug and vaccine development processes to reduce the disease burden of COVID-19, the treatment options are still very limited. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has a diversified physiological action with specific features of lung protection-related activities. VIP inhibits severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) gene replication in human monocytes and the viral replication in Calu-3 cells, thus further reducing the generation of proinflammatory mediators. Aviptadil, a synthetic form of VIP, is the only pulmonary therapeutic agent to have been granted ‘fast track’ status by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and to be allowed into both Phase II and III clinical trials. Initial binding of Aviptadil with non-structural protein (nsp) 10 and nsp16, which may inhibit the 2’-O-methyltransferase activity of the SARS-CoV-2 nsp10 and nsp16 complex. Aviptadil has already proved to be an effective option in the treatment of severe respiratory failures due to sepsis and other related lung injuries. Interim analysis results of this drug used in respiratory failure caused by SARS-CoV-2 has evolved a new hope in regard to safety and efficacy. The final results from a recently completed trial, as well as all currently ongoing trials, will clarify the class effect of this drug in the treatment of COVID-19 in future days.
Netakimab in treatment of moderate to severe forms of psoriasis
Authors: Kulikova L. R. , Kovalenko D. Y.
Published: January 2022

The article presents an overview of published sources on etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis, and described the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis with new biologics netakimab.
‘Long Covid’ (post-covid syndrome): Mechanism of occurrence, diagnosis and rehabilitation
Authors: Choi E. G.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the study of an urgent problem of modern humanity – the fight against a pandemic caused by a new coronavirus infection, namely: the study of the mechanism of development of ‘long Covid’ (post-covid syndrome), a new clinical and laboratory method of its diagnosis, issues of drug and non-drug rehabilitation of patients who have suffered COVID‑19. The paper describes the etiopathogenesis of post-covid syndrome (PS), the distinctive features of which are the defeat of the cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, digestive, immune systems of the body, ENT organs and musculoskeletal system. For the diagnosis of post-covid syndrome, a monochrome nanoparticle analyzer (MAN) has been tested for the first time in the Russian Federation, which allows determining pathophysiological shifts in the homeostasis system. It was found that the MAN method has a sufficiently high diagnostic sensitivity (78%), and shifts in the homeostasis system in post-covid syndrome are statistically significant (p < 0.001). A fundamentally important point of this study is that an algorithm has been developed for noninvasive diagnosis of PS by saliva (oropharyngeal flushes), based on the detection of a high contribution to the scattering of laser radiation in the mid-frequency range of the spectrum on nanoparticles ranging in size from 119 to 121 nm. The article also pays special attention to medicinal and non-medicinal methods of treatment of patients with ‘long Covid’ experiencing the consequences of a new coronavirus infection. It has been established that the best effect is provided by complex treatment combining methods of the traditional European school (drug therapy with the use of cardiovascular drugs, nootropic agents, chondroprotectors, vitamins and mineral complexes, hormones, hepatoprotectors, biostimulants, sedatives and anti-inflammatory drugs and other drugs) and non-drug methods of restorative treatment practiced by Oriental medicine (acupuncture, hirudotherapy, massage, osteopathy, etc.).
Comparative analysis of resistance of main etiological agents of chronic osteomyelitis isolated from association and in monoculture
Authors: Shipitsyna I. V. , Osipova E. V.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. To date, a significant number of works have been published devoted to the analysis of the sensitivity of the leading causative agents of osteomyelitis to modern drugs, however, in the available literature there are no data on a comparative analysis of the antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from the osteomyelitis focus from the association and in monoculture. Purpose of the work: to compare the resistance profiles of the leading causative agents of osteomyelitis, depending on the bacterial composition of the focus of infection.Materials and methods. The study included 216 clinical isolates, of which 114 were isolated as part of two-component associations, 102 – in a monoculture from pathological material in patients with chronic osteomyelitis who were treated in the purulent department of National Medical Scientific Centre of Traumatology and Orthopedics n.a. academician G.E. Ilizarov (Kurgan, Russia) from 2018 to 2020. To analyze the resistance profiles, depending on the type of microorganism, modern drugs used in the clinic for the treatment of osteomyelitis were taken into account.Results and its discussion. Effective drugs against P. aeruginosa strains isolated from the association were polymyxin and meropenem, and in monoculture–polymyxin, piperacillin/tazobactam, tobramycin; in relation to strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from the association, it was imipenem, in monoculture – amikacin. S. aureus strains isolated both from the association and in monoculture were highly susceptible to antibacterial drugs.Conclusion. The analysis of the sensitivity of the leading causative agents of osteomyelitis, isolated in monoculture and from the association, to the antibacterial drugs used in the clinic, showed significant differences in the resistance profiles between the groups: for S. aureus strains, 4 antibiotics tested out of 13, for P. aeruginosa strains – 7 out of 13, for K. pneumoniae strains – 12 out of 16. The tested antibacterial drugs were less active against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus strains isolated from associations. In contrast, the percentage of resistant strains of K. pneumoniae was higher among monocultures.
Frazemska sinonimija u Pobunama Derviša Sušića
Authors: Kečo Edina
Published: January 2022

The presence of phraseological synonymy is analyzed in the corpus of the literary work Pobune by Derviš Sušić. The aim is to explain the use of phraseological synonymy and close meanings of phrasems in the mentioned work, as well as the use of phrasems variants. Methods of analysis and description were used. The obtained results indicate that the synonymous phrasems wasn't found in the work, but that the frequent use close meanings of phrasems, as well as variant forms of phrasems. Based on the found, analyzed and described phrasems, it was determined that phrasems from the analyzed corpus and phrasems from consulted sources don't have the same meaning, but close, nuanced, while the meaning of variant forms of phrasems remains unchanged. The phrasems found in the analyzed corpus are mostly generally known, although certain examples of phrasems haven't been recorded in the consulted sources.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM MEMELIHARA KETENTERAMAN DAN KETERTIBAN UMUM (STUDI PADA PENANGANAN PENYEBARAN VIRUS COVID 19 DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA)
Authors: Nurrahman Agung
Published: January 2022

The focus of this study is to determine the role of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government in maintaining peace and public order in dealing with the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. The method of writing articles is to use library research. The conclusions obtained are: the role of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government in maintaining the peace of the people of DKI Jakarta in facing the spread of Covid-19 has been carried out quite well. This can be seen from the concrete efforts that have been made since January 2020. The concrete efforts are in the form of preventive measures, short-term direction to be followed up and anticipatory efforts in dealing with Covid-19 in the DKI Jakarta area. The suggestions that can be made include the following: 1) The Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta needs to improve coordination with the central government with regard to data transparency; 2) The Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta needs to increase the dissemination of actual and trusted information to the public widely with any media both print media, electronic media and social media; 3) The Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta needs to increase close supervision to the public so that they can comply with appeals related to the procedures for preventing the spread of Covid-19; 4) Further research / studies are needed in relation to the Jakarta people's happiness index when the spread of Covid-19 occurs in relation to the role of the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government in maintaining peace and public order.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN TENTANG KETERTIBAN UMUM DAN KETENTERAMAN MASYARAKAT Studi: Penertiban Pedagang Kaki Lima Oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Di Kabupaten Nunukan Provinsi Kalimantan Utara
Authors: Damara Wandi
Published: January 2022

Congestion, inconvenience of road users, garbage dumped arbitrarily causes unpleasant odors to disturb public peace. Control of people who trade as street vendors by Satpol-PP is a procedure for law enforcement. This study aims to explore and obtain a description of policy implementation, inhibiting factors for policy implementation, and efforts to control street vendors. Researchers used exploratory and qualitative design research methods with an inductive approach where the research informants consisted of elements from government and society. Collecting data using interview and documentation techniques. To analyze the research data using Edward III theory in Sobarsono (2020: 92) and a normative approach. The results of this study are that so far the implementation of policies regarding public policing and public order in controlling street vendors by Satpol-PP has not been optimal, and is still constrained in several ways such as: Apparatus Resources, Lack of public awareness. Suggestions to the Regional Government to be able to handle it by guiding and arranging rigid traders five.
Estudio observacional, multicéntrico de la incidencia y patrones de tratamiento de anemia aplástica adquirida en cuatro hospitales de referencia nacional en Perú.
Authors: La Torre-Matuk Alejandra , Vidal Semanche Gabriela-Urpi , Tokumura-Tokumura Carmen Carolina , Pastor García-Castro Edgard , Méndez-Silva Francisco José , Medina-Sánchez Cecilia Alexandra
Published: January 2022

Objetivos: Describir la frecuencia de Anemia Aplásica (AA) adquirida en cuatro hospitales principales de referencia, así como los patrones de tratamiento de esta enfermedad en el Perú. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, multicéntrico, retrospective para 2016 y prospectivo durante 2017 en los hospitales Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Nacional Cayetano Heredia, Edgardo Rebagliati Martins y Carlos Alberto Seguín Escobedo. Resultados: Se reclutaron 48 pacientes, 21(43,8%) presentaron anemia severa, 26(54,2%) no estuvieron expuestos a ningún tóxico, pero 6 (12,5%) estuvieron expuestos a organofosforados. Veinticinco de cuarenta y ocho (52,1%) iniciaron el tratamiento con el esquema metilprednisolona + ciclosporina + globulina anti-timocítica (de conejo o de caballo). La mediana del tiempo de diagnóstico hasta el inicio de tratamiento fue 28,5 días. Solo a 3 (6,25%) pacientes se realizó trasplante de médula como tratamiento inicial. Once (22,91%) fallecieron durante el estudio. La prevalencia e incidencia estimadas son de 9 y 5 por millón, respectivamente. Conclusiones: El tiempo desde el diagnóstico hasta el inicio del tratamiento fue largo. Los eventos adversos serios más comunes fueron los infecciosos, tal como ha sido reportado en estudios similares. La mortalidad a los 12 meses de seguimiento fue alta en comparación a la de otros estudios. Casi la mitad de los pacientes no recibió terapia de primera línea.
A Sustainable Approach for Synthesizing (R)-4-Aminopentanoic Acid From Levulinic Acid Catalyzed by Structure-Guided Tailored Glutamate Dehydrogenase
Authors: Zhou Feng , Xu Yan , Mu Xiaoqing , Nie Yao
Published: January 2022

In this study, a novel enzymatic approach to transform levulinic acid (LA), which can be obtained from biomass, into value-added (R)-4-aminopentanoic acid using an engineered glutamate dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli (EcGDH) was developed. Through crystal structure comparison, two residues (K116 and N348), especially residue 116, were identified to affect the substrate specificity of EcGDH. After targeted saturation mutagenesis, the mutant EcGDHK116C, which was active toward LA, was identified. Screening of the two-site combinatorial saturation mutagenesis library with EcGDHK116C as positive control, the kcat/Km of the obtained EcGDHK116Q/N348M for LA and NADPH were 42.0- and 7.9-fold higher, respectively, than that of EcGDHK116C. A molecular docking investigation was conducted to explain the catalytic activity of the mutants and stereoconfiguration of the product. Coupled with formate dehydrogenase, EcGDHK116Q/N348M was found to be able to convert 0.4 M LA by more than 97% in 11 h, generating (R)-4-aminopentanoic acid with >99% enantiomeric excess (ee). This dual-enzyme system used sustainable raw materials to synthesize (R)-4-aminopentanoic acid with high atom utilization as it utilizes cheap ammonia as the amino donor, and the inorganic carbonate is the sole by-product.
Electroclinical and Multimodality Neuroimaging Characteristics and Predictors of Post-Surgical Outcome in Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type IIIa
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Zhou Hailing , Zhang Wei , Ling Xueying , Zeng Chunyuan , Tang Yongjin , Gan Jiefeng , Tan Qinghua , Hu Xiangshu , Li Hainan , Cheng Baijie , Xu Hao , Guo Qiang
Published: January 2022

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type IIIa is an easily ignored cause of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. This study aimed to analyze the clinical, electrophysiological, and imaging characteristics in FCD type IIIa and to search for predictors associated with postoperative outcome in order to identify potential candidates for epilepsy surgery. We performed a retrospective review including sixty-six patients with FCD type IIIa who underwent resection for drug-resistant epilepsy. We evaluated the clinical, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging features for potential association with seizure outcome. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore their predictive role on the seizure outcome. We demonstrated that thirty-nine (59.1%) patients had seizure freedom outcomes (Engel class Ia) with a median postsurgical follow-up lasting 29.5 months. By univariate analysis, duration of epilepsy (less than 12 years) (p = 0.044), absence of contralateral insular lobe hypometabolism on PET/MRI (pLog-rank = 0.025), and complete resection of epileptogenic area (pLog-rank = 0.004) were associated with seizure outcome. The incomplete resection of the epileptogenic area (hazard ratio = 2.977, 95% CI 1.218–7.277, p = 0.017) was the only independent predictor for seizure recurrence after surgery by multivariate analysis. The results of past history, semiology, electrophysiological, and MRI were not associated with seizure outcomes. Carefully included patients with FCD type IIIa through a comprehensive evaluation of their clinical, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging characteristics can be good candidates for resection. Several preoperative factors appear to be predictive of the postoperative outcome and may help in optimizing the selection of ideal candidates to benefit from epilepsy surgery.
MicroRNA-409-3p Targeting at ATXN3 Reduces the Apoptosis of Dopamine Neurons Based on the Profile of miRNAs in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Early Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Tan Xuling , Hu Junjian , Ming Fengyu , Lv Lingling , Yan Weiqian , Peng Xinke , Bai Rongrong , Xiao Qile , Zhang Hainan , Tang Beisha , Wang Chunyu , Tan Jieqiong
Published: January 2022

Precise recognition of early Parkinson’s disease (PD) has always been a challenging task requiring more feasible biomarkers to be integrated to improve diagnostic accuracy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are believed to be potential and promising candidate biomarkers for PD. However, the role of altered miRNAs of CSF play in PD is unclear. Here, we recruited patients with early stages of PD and controls to analyze the expression of miRNA in CSF by the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Furthermore, we tested the levels of these miRNA in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+ using real-time quantitative PCR. We found 21 miRNAs were upregulated in CSF of early PD patients and miR-409-3p, one of the identified 21 miRNAs, was further confirmed in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+. Also, more cells survived in the overexpression of the miR-409-3p group when SH-SY5Y cells and mice were treated with MPP+ and MPTP, respectively. Mechanistically, we demonstrated the binding of miR-409-3p and 3’UTR of ATXN3 through a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Moreover, miR-409-3p mimic reduced the aggregation of polyglutamine-expanded mutant of ATXN3 and apoptosis. Our results provide experimental evidence for miR-409-3p in CSF as a diagnostic marker of PD.
PfAP2-EXP2, an Essential Transcription Factor for the Intraerythrocytic Development of Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Shang Xiaomin , Wang Changhong , Shen Li , Sheng Fei , He Xiaohui , Wang Fei , Fan Yanting , He Xiaoqin , Jiang Mei
Published: January 2022

Plasmodium falciparum undergoes a series of asexual replications in human erythrocytes after infection, which are effective targets for combatting malaria. Here, we report roles of an ApiAP2 transcription factor PfAP2-EXP2 (PF3D7_0611200) in the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle of P. falciparum. PfAP2-EXP2 conditional knockdown resulted in an asexual growth defect but without an appreciable effect on parasite morphology. Further ChIP-seq analysis revealed that PfAP2-EXP2 targeted genes related to virulence and interaction between erythrocytes and parasites. Especially, PfAP2-EXP2 regulation of euchromatic genes does not depend on recognizing specific DNA sequences, while a CCCTAAACCC motif is found in its heterochromatic binding sites. Combined with transcriptome profiling, we suggest that PfAP2-EXP2 is participated in the intraerythrocytic development by affecting the expression of genes related to cell remodeling at the schizont stage. In summary, this study explores an ApiAP2 member plays an important role for the P. falciparum blood-stage replication, which suggests a new perspective for malaria elimination.
Immune Landscape Refines the Classification of Colorectal Cancer With Heterogeneous Prognosis, Tumor Microenvironment and Distinct Sensitivity to Frontline Therapies
Authors: Liu Zaoqu , Guo Yaxin , Yang Xiuxiu , Chen Chen , Fan Dandan , Wu Xiaoke , Si Chaohua , Xu Yanxin , shao Bo , Chen Zhuang , Dang Qin , Cui Wenming , Han Xinwei , Ji Zhenyu , Sun Zhenqiang
Published: January 2022

The immune microenvironment has profound impacts on the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, the goal of this article is to identify two robust immune subtypes in CRC, further provide novel insights for the underlying mechanisms and clinical management. In this study, two CRC immune subtypes were identified using the consensus clustering of immune-related gene expression profiles in the meta-GEO dataset (n = 1,198), and their reproducibility was further verified in the TCGA-CRC dataset (n = 638). Subsequently, we characterized the immune escape mechanisms, gene alterations, and clinical features of two immune subtypes. Cluster 1 (C1) was defined as the “immune cold subtype” with immune cell depletion and deficiency, while cluster 2 (C2) was designed as the “immune hot subtype”, with abundant immune cell infiltration and matrix activation. We also underlined the potential immune escape mechanisms: lack of MHC molecules and defective tumor antigen presentation capacity in C1, increased immunosuppressive molecules in C2. The prognosis and sensitivity to 5-FU, Cisplatin and immunotherapy differed between two subtypes. According to the two immune subtypes, we developed a prognosis associated risk score (PARS) with the accurate performance for predicting the prognosis. Additionally, two nomograms for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were further constructed to facilitate clinical management. Overall, our research provides new references and insights for understanding and refining the CRC.
Recent Advances in Modeling Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Pavez-Giani Mario G. , Cyganek Lukas
Published: January 2022

Around one third of patients with mitochondrial disorders develop a kind of cardiomyopathy. In these cases, severity is quite variable ranging from asymptomatic status to severe manifestations including heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. ATP is primarily generated in the mitochondrial respiratory chain via oxidative phosphorylation by utilizing fatty acids and carbohydrates. Genes in both the nuclear and the mitochondrial DNA encode components of this metabolic route and, although mutations in these genes are extremely rare, the risk to develop cardiac symptoms is significantly higher in this patient cohort. Additionally, infants with cardiovascular compromise in mitochondrial deficiency display a worse late survival compared to patients without cardiac symptoms. At this point, the mechanisms behind cardiac disease progression related to mitochondrial gene mutations are poorly understood and current therapies are unable to substantially restore the cardiac performance and to reduce the disease burden. Therefore, new strategies are needed to uncover the pathophysiological mechanisms and to identify new therapeutic options for mitochondrial cardiomyopathies. Here, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has emerged to provide a suitable patient-specific model system by recapitulating major characteristics of the disease in vitro, as well as to offer a powerful platform for pre-clinical drug development and for the testing of novel therapeutic options. In the present review, we summarize recent advances in iPSC-based disease modeling of mitochondrial cardiomyopathies and explore the patho-mechanistic insights as well as new therapeutic approaches that were uncovered with this experimental platform. Further, we discuss the challenges and limitations of this technology and provide an overview of the latest techniques to promote metabolic and functional maturation of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes that might be necessary for modeling of mitochondrial disorders.
Fusexins, HAP2/GCS1 and Evolution of Gamete Fusion
Authors: Brukman Nicolas G. , Li Xiaohui , Podbilewicz Benjamin
Published: January 2022

Gamete fusion is the climax of fertilization in all sexually reproductive organisms, from unicellular fungi to humans. Similarly to other cell-cell fusion events, gamete fusion is mediated by specialized proteins, named fusogens, that overcome the energetic barriers during this process. In recent years, HAPLESS 2/GENERATIVE CELL-SPECIFIC 1 (HAP2/GCS1) was identified as the fusogen mediating sperm-egg fusion in flowering plants and protists, being both essential and sufficient for the membrane merger in some species. The identification of HAP2/GCS1 in invertebrates, opens the possibility that a similar fusogen may be used in vertebrate fertilization. HAP2/GCS1 proteins share a similar structure with two distinct families of exoplasmic fusogens: the somatic Fusion Family (FF) proteins discovered in nematodes, and class II viral glycoproteins (e.g., rubella and dengue viruses). Altogether, these fusogens form the Fusexin superfamily. While some attributes are shared among fusexins, for example the overall structure and the possibility of assembly into trimers, some other characteristics seem to be specific, such as the presence or not of hydrophobic loops or helices at the distal tip of the protein. Intriguingly, HAP2/GCS1 or other fusexins have neither been identified in vertebrates nor in fungi, raising the question of whether these genes were lost during evolution and were replaced by other fusion machinery or a significant divergence makes their identification difficult. Here, we discuss the biology of HAP2/GCS1, its involvement in gamete fusion and the structural, mechanistic and evolutionary relationships with other fusexins.
Humid and Thermal Oxidative Ageing of Radiation Cured Polymers—A Brief Overview
Authors: Colin Xavier
Published: January 2022

This article deals with the long-term behaviour of radiation cured polymers. Among the wide variety of possible ageing modes, the attention is focused on two key processes for users of radio-cured polymers: humid ageing of polymer glasses and thermal oxidative ageing of rubbers. These two processes are illustrated by numerous results coming from literature or our own research works. In both cases, the consequences of the structural modifications on the use properties (in particular, on mechanical properties) are described. It is found that the ageings of radiochemically and thermally cured polymers are not so different. It is thus concluded that a great part of the very abundant literature published on the ageing of thermally cured polymers remains exploitable for radio-cured polymers.
Perovskite With Tunable Active-Sites Oxidation State by High-Valence W for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Yan Jiabiao , Xia Mingkun , Zhu Chenguang , Chen Dawei , Du Fanglin
Published: January 2022

Perovskite oxides have been established as a promising kind of catalyst for alkaline oxygen evolution reactions (OER), because of their regulated non-precious metal components. However, the surface lattice is amorphous during the reaction, which gradually decreases the intrinsic activity and stability of catalysts. Herein, the precisely control tungsten atoms substituted perovskite oxides (Pr0.5Ba0.5Co1-xWxO3-δ) nanowires were developed by electrostatic spinning. The activity and Tafel slope were both dependent on the W content in a volcano-like fashion, and the optimized Pr0.5Ba0.5Co0.8W0.2O3-δ exhibits both excellent activity and superior stability compared with other reported perovskite oxides. Due to the outermost vacant orbitals of W6+, the electronic structure of cobalt sites could be efficiently optimized. Meanwhile, the stronger W-O bond could also significantly improve the stability of latticed oxide atoms to impede the generation of surface amorphous layers, which shows good application value in alkaline water splitting.
Perfluorocarbon Emulsion Contrast Agents: A Mini Review
Authors: Holman Ryan , Lorton Orane , Guillemin Pauline C. , Desgranges Stéphane , Contino-Pépin Christiane , Salomir Rares
Published: January 2022

Perfluorocarbon emulsions offer a variety of applications in medical imaging. The substances can be useful for most radiological imaging modalities; including, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and positron emission tomography. Recently, the substance has gained much interest for theranostics, with both imaging and therapeutic potential. As MRI sequences improve and more widespread access to 19F-MRI coils become available, perfluorocarbon emulsions have great potential for new commercial imaging agents, due to high fluorine content and previous regulatory approval as antihypoxants and blood substitutes. This mini review aims to discuss the chemistry and physics of these contrast agents, in addition to highlighting some of the past, recent, and potential applications.
Ticagrelor vs. Clopidogrel in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease After New-Generation Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Roh Ji Woong , Lee Seung-Jun , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Hong Sung-Jin , Kim Hee-Yeol , Ahn Chul-Min , Cho Deok-Kyu , Kim Jung-Sun , Ko Young-Guk , Choi Donghoon , Hong Myeong-Ki , Jang Yangsoo
Published: January 2022

Background: The impact of ticagrelor-based dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unclear.

Methods: Data on a total of 1,067 ACS patients with CKD including end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who underwent new-generation drug-eluting stent implantation were extracted from a multicenter registry. This study aimed to compare outcomes of patients treated with ticagrelor- (n = 449) and those treated with clopidogrel-based (n = 618) DAPT. Outcomes of interest included major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) and bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium grade 3 or 5) at 12 months. Propensity-score matching (346 pairs) analysis was performed.

Results: The patients with ESRD showed the highest MACCE and bleeding rates (P < 0.001). There was no difference in the rate of MACCEs between the treatment groups (7.8% vs. 8.4%; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.56–1.61, P = 0.855); however, a trend toward an increased bleeding rate was observed in the ticagrelor-based DAPT group (6.8% vs. 3.8%, HR = 1.84, 95% CI = 0.93–3.63, P = 0.079). Among patients with CKD stage III/IV but without ESRD (277 pairs), the ticagrelor-based DAPT group showed a reduced MACCE rate (3.6% vs. 8.7%, HR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.19–0.86, P = 0.018) and a similar bleeding rate (5.1% vs. 3.2%, HR = 1.61, 95% CI = 0.70–3.71, P = 0.267), compared with those of the clopidogrel-based DAPT group.

Conclusion: The effects of ticagrelor-based DAPT on ischemic and bleeding outcomes of ACS patients with CKD varied according to CKD stage; in ACS patients with CKD without ESRD, ticagrelor-based DAPT reduced MACCE risk without increasing bleeding risks, relative to those observed with clopidogrel-based DAPT.