bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS CAUSING MERGER AND ACQUISITION: CASE STUDY OF BANKING SECTOR IN PAKISTAN
Authors:   University of Management and Technology, Lahore., Hassan Atif
Published: March 2021

Purpose:- The trend of merger and acquisition is increasing in the Pakistani banking sector. The purpose of this study is to find out the basic factors which beguile banks for the merger and acquisition. Methodology/Sample:- In this study researcher took the sample size 2 as two merger cases one is happened in year 2010 (Faysal Bank & RBS) and one in 2007 (SAMBA & CCB). Researcher critically analyzed the pre and post-merger performance of FAYSAL BANK & RBS and SAMBA &CCB with the help of five financial ratios, net interest margin ratio, Gross margin ratio, ROE, Debt ratio, Debt to equity ratio. The Researcher utilized the t-test for testing the hypothesis. This study has adopted exploratory research as its first research technique which helped us in clarifying the research problem. Many constraints have been faced during this study for example bankers were hesitating to fulfill the questionnaires. Findings:- The result of this study suggests that after merger and acquisition firms can increase synergy and can decrease the risk of solvency but merger and acquisition is not significant for the shareholders’ wealth (result will change with the different case). Practical Implications:- This study acquires the knowledge about the emerging trend of merger and acquisition and in future implement this knowledge in an effective way. In addition to that, this study will provide information that why companies take the decision of merger and acquisition.
CONSUMER PERCEIVED BRAND CONCEPT & CLOSE BRAND EXTENSION: A MULTI-MEDIATION MODEL ANALYSIS.
Authors:   Iqra University, Karachi., Soomro Yasir Ali
Published: March 2021

Purpose: This paper investigates how brand extension strategy can be used successfully by the companies while launching close brand extensions in the market. What are the antecedents (Mediating variables) of successful brand extension? Methodology: One independent variable consumer perceived brand concept was used with the dependent variable “Successful brand extension evaluation” with two mediating variables. Real life close brand extension as stimuli was used in this study. Self developed questionnaire was filled by 462 respondents by simple random sampling technique. Findings: Three hypotheses were tested with multi-mediation test by Preacher and Hayes. All three were accepted with most significant being Parent Brand Conviction and Brand loyalty jointly mediate the relationship between Consumer Perceived Brand Concept and Successful Brand Extension Evaluation for close extension.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Karyawan Dan Implementasinya Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. PLN ( Persero ) UPDK Mahakam Samarinda
Authors: Ningsih Armini , Syachrul Syachrul , Ratnasari Tia
Published: March 2021

The Effect of Work Environment on Job Satisfaction and Its Implications on Employee Performance at PT PLN (Persero) UPDK Mahakam This research aims were to determine the effect of work environment on job satisfaction and its impact on employee performance at PT PLN (Persero) UPDK Mahakam. With the subject of this study were all employees of PT PLN (Persero) UPDK Mahakam with a total of 40 people. Data collection used in this research was a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability while data analysis was done using multiple linear regression analysis. with Path Analysis tools using Smart PLS, and SPSS. The results showed that: 1) Work Environment Variable (X1) had a significant effect on Job Satisfaction (Y1) at PT PLN (Persero) UPDK Mahakam, 2) Work Environment Variables (X1) insignificant effect on Employee Performance (Y2) at PT PLN (Persero) UPDK Mahakam, 3) Job Satisfaction Variable (Y1) significantly influenced the Employee Performance (Y2) at PT PLN (Persero) UPDK Mahakam.
Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa Politeknik Negeri Samarinda Dan Implikasi Terhadap Waktu Tunggu Kerja Di Industri
Authors: Kadang Tandi , Sehe Muhtar , Harnitalia Nita
Published: March 2021

This Research aim was to analyze how much the influence of the Lecturer Quality, Teaching Facilities, Service Quality and Learning Achievement on Waiting Time. The independent variables in the study were Lecturer Quality, Teaching Facilities, and Service Quality, while Learning Achievement as Intervening variable and Waiting Time as the dependent variable. This research used 85 respondents and it was conducted at Samarinda State Polytechnic. This study used SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis tools with the help of PLS (Partial Least Square) software version 3.20 and SPSS version 24.The results of this study stated that the quality of lecturers had a significant positive effect on Learning Achievement, then teaching facilities had a significant positive effect on learning achievement,then the quality of service had a significant positive effect on learning achievement, then the quality of lecturers had a significant positive effect on Working Waiting Time, then Teaching Facilities had no significant positive effect on Working Waiting Time, then Service Quality was not a significant positive effect on Working Waiting Time, then Learning Achievement had a significant positive effect on Work Waiting Time.
Pengaruh Pelatihan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Penerbit Erlangga Cabang Samarinda
Authors: Sehe Muhtar , Syachrul Syachrul , Zalfiani Zalfiani
Published: March 2021

Employee performance is the results achieved and the achievements shown by employees that help the company achieve the goals it sets. One way that can be done to print these professional resources is to conduct or include employees in a training. This study aims to analyze the effect of job training on employee performance at PT. Publisher Erlangga Branch Samarinda. Data processing in this study used SPSS 17 for windows software, while for testing using a questionnaire in the validity test and reliability test before the study. The classic assumption test used is the normality test. The hypothesis test used is simple linear regression. After analyzing the data obtained from the respondents, the researcher concludes that job training has an effect on employee performance at PT. Erlangga Publisher, Samarinda Branch.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Coolant 30/70 Pre-Mixed Dan Coolant Predilute 33% Pada Sistem Pendingin Terhadap Temperatur Engine Toyota Avanza Tipe-E 1300 CC M/T
Authors: Suparno Suparno , Halim Abd. , Hariadi Hariadi , Sutrisno Didik
Published: March 2021

Cooling system has an important role in motor vehicles, because its function is to maintain the working temperature of the engine, so that the temperature does not exceed the threshold (over heating), due to the frequent causes of excessive heat due to the use of cooling water in the radiator. The research method used is an experimental method, where the aim is to determine the effect of coolant on engine temperature from the use of several types of coolant additives. The cooling water used is coolant 30/70 pre-mixed and coolant predilute 33%. This test is carried out at rounds of [600, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000] RPM. The object of this research is the Toyota Avanza Type E 1300 CC M/T. From the results of research on engine temperature data with the use of coolant 30/70 Pre-mixed at various variations of engine speed obtained an average temperature of 94.13 OC. While the use of coolant predilute 33%, the average temperature in testing reaches 94.4 OC. Based on the description of the results of the test data that has been done, it was concluded that the use of coolant 30/70 pre-mixed and coolant predilute 33% has the same effect on the temperature of the Toyota Avanza Type-E 1300 CC M/T engine.
Rancang Bangun Alat Simulasi Wiper Otomatis Berbasis Microcontroller Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Wiper Electrical System Alat Berat
Authors: Halim Abd. , Muis Abdul , Halik Abdul , Saiful Muhammad
Published: March 2021

A wiper is a device used to clean rainwater and particles from glass that can block the vision of heavy equipment operators during rainy weather. To clean rainwater from the glass, the operator must activate the wiper switch. When the operator is focused on work often the operator forgets to turn on the windshield wipers or turns off the windshield wipers, it can disturb the operator's concentration especially on the machine when working. Automatic wipers are devices that detect rainwater with the help of a raindrop sensor FC 37 to activate the wiper motor without the need to activate the switch. With this automatic wiper the operator can comfortably work when the weather is rainy. The purpose of making a microcontroller arduino ino R3 based automatic wiper simulation tool is as a learning media for wiper electrical system applications on heavy equipment. The results obtained from simulation testing based on the standard operating procedures that have been made and successfully work well without problems.
Effects of Dietary Lipid Levels on Growth Performance, Whole Body Composition and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Juvenile Bighead Carp (Aristichthys nobilis)
Authors: Cai Fangfang , Wang Yan , Hu Xiangin , Huang Feng , Wang Fucheng , Liu Hongming
Published: March 2021

A 60-day study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth, whole body composition and digestive enzyme activity of bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) with initial average weight (3.28 ± 0.11) g. Six isonitrogenous (40.25% crude protein) diets were formulated to contain graded contents of lipid (4.72%, 7.31%, 11.02%, 14.90%, 17.14%, and 19.37%) using corn oil and soybean oil as main lipid source. The results showed that the maximum weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded at 11.02% dietary lipid level. Significant alterations were demonstrated on whole-body composition by different dietary lipid levels. Crude lipid content of whole body increased in parallel with the increase of dietary lipid levels. Fish fed diet with 11.02% lipid level showed lowest moisture and ash content. The activities of amylase and protease initially increased before decreasing, and the highest activities of amylase and protease were obtained in individuals fed the 11.02% lipid content diet. There were no significant differences in condition factor (CF) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) (P >0.05). Based on the polynomial regression analysis of WG and SGR, this study suggested that the optimum dietary lipid requirement of juvenile bighead carp was estimated to be 7.77%~8.31%.
THE HISTORY OF FRANCE OF THE XIX CENTURY IN THE SCIENTIFIC AND PUBLICISTIC HERITAGE OF S.F. FORTUNATOV
Authors: Ageeva Natalia N.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the scientific and publicistic heritage of the little-studied Russian historian-novist Stepan Fedorovich Fortunatov (1850–1918). According of his political views, the historian was a consistent supporter of liberalism, which largely determined the scope of his scientific interests. History of France in the 19th century. S.F. Fortunatov considered in a special lecture course, which he read at Moscow University, at the Higher Courses for Women and at the University. A.L. Shanyavsky, and also addressed it’s in his articles and numerous reviews. The lithographed edition of his lecture course allows us to identify both the structure of the course itself and to determine the range of issues that the historian considered the most significant for the study of this period. An analysis of the lecture materials shows that, he strove to convey to his students the peculiarities of the political and legal development of France in different periods. At the same time, S.F. Fortunatov skillfully combined the eventful presentation of French history of the 19th century, so rich in political upheavals, a fairly detailed study of the development of political thought and an analysis of constitutional and legal legislation. In the lecture course, the author repeatedly turned to the analysis of the latest domestic and foreign researches on the history of France. In articles and reviews concerning the history of France in the 19th century, the historian also mainly dealt with issues related to the change of political regimes, the peculiarities of the country’s constitutional structure and the struggle for the establishment of fundamental human rights and freedoms. He repeatedly emphasized the importance of highlighting the main forms and methods of resistance to the despotism of power, undoubtedly keeping in mind the relevance of this issue for Russia. Thus, lectures and articles by S.F. Fortunatov on the history of France in the 19th century were aimed primarily at studying the struggle for the triumph of republican ideas and substantiating the inevitability of the country’s development along this path.
THE GENRE OF LETTERS IN THE JADID PRESS IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY
Authors: Erkaboyeva Yoqutxon
Published: March 2021

Мазкур мақола бадиий-публицистик жанрлар сирасига кирувчи хат жанрининг тутган ўрни ва аҳамиятини жадид матбуоти орқали кўрсатиб беришга бағишланган. Унда асосий эътибор жадидларнинг етук намоёндалари Маҳмудхўжа Беҳбудий, Абдурауф Фитрат, Мунавварқори Абдурашидхонов, Абдулҳамид Чўлпон, Исҳоқхон Ибратлар томонидан матбуотда чоп этилган хатларни таҳлил қилишга қаратилган.
THE MUSLIM PRESS ON THE TERRITORY OF MODERN RUSSIA AT THE LATE OF THE XIX - BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURIES AS A TOOL FOR THE COSOLIDATION OF THE RUSSIAN MIND
Authors: Xabutdinov Aydar
Published: March 2021

Данная статья посвящена эволюции мусульманской прессы на территории современной России в XIX-начале XX вв. От создания“Тарджемана” И. Гаспринским в 1883 г. до закрытия Советским режимомнациональных изданий весной-летом 1918 г. мы видим феномен многожанровой прессы, представляющей различные политические ориентации и группы интересов, включая интеллигенцию, буржуазию, духовенство, женщин, военных ит.п.
The use of mHealth solutions in active and healthy ageing promotion: an explorative scoping review
Authors: Marcussen Lina , Marinus Jesse David
Published: March 2021

The global population aged 60 years and over is expected to almost double between 2015 and 2050 from 12.0% to 22.0%, which will directly impact countries' labor market composition and increase the economic pressure on their healthcare systems. One way to address these challenges is to promote Active and Healthy Ageing (AHA) using mobile Health (mHealth). This research aims to provide an initial overview of the width and the depth of contemporary preventive mHealth solutions that promote AHA among healthy, independent older adults (individuals aged 60 years and over). To do so, an explorative scoping review was applied to search online databases for recent studies (March 2015 - March 2020) addressing the promotion of mHealth solutions targeting healthy and independent older adults. We identified 31 publications that met the inclusion criteria. Most of them utilized either mobile (n=25) and/or wearable (n=11) devices. mHealth solutions mostly promoted AHA by targeting older adults’ active lifestyles or independence. Most of the studies (n=27) did not apply a theoretical framework on which the mHealth promotion was based. User-experience was positive (n=12) when the solution was easy to use but negative (n=11) when the participants were resistant or faced challenges using the device and/or technology. The review concludes that mHealth offers the opportunity to combat the issues faced by an unhealthy and dependent aging population by promoting AHA through focusing on older adults’ Lifestyle, Daily functioning, and Participation. Future research should use multidisciplinary integrated approaches and strong theoretical and methodological foundations to investigate mHealth solutions' impact on AHA behavioral change.
The Level of Consumer Confidence in the Purchase Decision of Hotel and Restaurant Tourism Products
Authors:   Trisakti School Of Tourism, Jakarta, Indonesia, Susilawati Dewi Ika
Published: March 2021

The existence of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the tourism industry, including the purchase of hotel and restaurant services. This study aims to determine the level of consumer confidence in purchasing decisions for hotel and restaurant tourism products. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with a questionnaire instrument and data collection techniques using questionnaires, interviews. The population used in this study is respondents who use hotel and restaurant services in Jabodetabek with various demographics of the work of trainers, consultants and practitioners, but preferably 90 people who are accustomed to using these services. The sample used is saturated sample, so that the entire population becomes a sample of 90 respondents. The results showed that the coefficient of determination or R Square was 0.766. that is, the variable under study explains 76.6% and the remaining 23.4% is explained by other variables not examined in this study. The results of the research on the level of consumer confidence in the decision to purchase hotel and restaurant products during the Covid 19 pandemic, obtained a determination coefficient value of 76.6%. It can be concluded that the level of consumer confidence in purchasing decisions during the Covid 19 period. Consumers who decide to purchase hotel and restaurant tourism products for the purpose of work, travel, and refreshing or traveling. The purpose of purchasing hotel tourism products is dominant with the aim of West Java as much as 27%. Meanwhile, the destination for purchasing restaurant tourism products is dominant in the Jakarta area as much as 33%. Hotel and restaurant service providers continue to use the application of health protocols.
Does Meaningful Relationship Exist Between Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth? A Case Study of a Small Open Economy
Authors: Odebode Adedapo , Oladipo Olajide Sunday
Published: March 2021

Using quarterly data between 1981q1 and 2018q4, the paper investigates the relationship between trade liberalization and economic growth in Nigeria. Exploring Johnasen cointegration technique and the Vector Error Correction (VEC) method, the paper considers three alternative measures of trade liberalization to determine whether the response of economic growth to trade liberalization is sensitive to the choice of the indicators of trade liberalization under consideration. The paper finds significant effects of trade liberalization on the economy. The paper recommends that government should implement policies that will promote trade openness in Nigeria. This may be achieved by establishing bilateral and multi-lateral agreements that are favourable and that will support appropriate technology transfer to domestic producers.

JEL classification numbers: F31, F13, F41.
Keywords: Trade liberalization, Tariffs, Economic growth, Nigeria.
Rural-Migrants Risk Tolerance in Urban City Centres of Plateau State
Authors: Gwanshak Joshua Yohanna , Gyang Luka Dung
Published: March 2021

Risk tolerance is a subject that has been explored extensively globally, where predictors such as age, education level, earnings, status, occupation and weather or climate change has been proved to influence rural-urban migration. This research is necessitated to identify areas of rural migrant’s risk tolerance in urban centres of Plateau State, with the stated objective of, examining the rural migrant’s areas of risk tolerance, ascertain rural migrant’s self-assessment capacity and competence base  towards risk tolerance. In the study respondents were selected only if they were rural migrants using purposive sampling techniques of a sample size of 1325 respondents. Primary data were collected using Structured Questionnaire (SRQ), Interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) processes. Out of 1325, 128 of the respondents were selected based on recommendation as knowledgeable informant using snowball sampling. A linear regression analysis was used to test the significance of rural migrant’s risk tolerance. The result revealed that areas of risk tolerance identified marital status, occupation, age, pursuit of education, and Job opportunities as significant to rural migrants risk tolerance in the study. And migrants were flexible towards adapting to any situation, handle problems better and were willing to take higher risks to adapt to urban centre. It is on this note that rural migrants have high self- assessment capacity and competence base potential to risk tolerance in urban centres of Plateau State.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Vaginal Hygiene dengan Keputihan pada Remaja Putri di Asrama Putri Unitri Malang
Authors: Perwiraningtyas Pertiwi
Published: March 2021

Keputihan fisiologis merupakan hal yang wajar, namun keputihan yang patologis dapat menjadi petunjuk adanya penyakit yang harus diobati. Kejadian keputihan banyak disebabkan karena bakteri kandidosis vulvovagenitis, vaginitis bacterial dan trichomonas vaginalis. Salah satu pencetus penyebab ternjadinya keputihan adalah ketidaktahuan cara membersikan daerah genetalia. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan vaginal hygiene dengan kejadian keputihan pada remaja putri di Asrama Putri UNITRI Malang. Desain penelitian mengunakan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 46 orang remaja putri yang mengalami keputihan di Asrama Putri UNITRI Malang. Sampel berjumlah 40 responden menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Instrument yang digunakan berupa kuisioner pengetahuan vaginal hygiene dan keputihan. Analisis data menggunakan uji Fisher exact. Hasil penelitian membuktikan sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang Vaginal Hygiene dan sebagian besar responden mengalami keputihan fisiologis. Hasil uji analisis didapatkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,001 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan vaginal hygiene dengan kejadian keputihan pada remaja putri di Asrama Putri UNITRI Malang. Dengan demikian diharapkan remaja putri dapat mencegah terjadinya keputihan patologis dengan cara mengaplikasikan vaginal hygiene yang telah diketahui dan dipahami.
Sessional Contract Faculty, Unionization, and Academic Freedom
Authors: Ross Stephanie , Savage Larry , Watson James
Published: March 2021

This article explores the relationship between unionization and academic freedom protections for sessional faculty in Ontario universities. Specifically, we compare university policies and contract provisions with a view to determining whether unionized sessionals hired on a per-course basis have stronger academic freedom protections than their non-union counterparts. We then explore whether particular kinds of bargaining unit structures are more conducive to achieving stronger academic freedom provisions. Finally, we consider whether academic freedom can be exercised effectively by sessionals, whether unionized or not. We conclude that unionization does help to produce stronger academic freedom protections for sessionalfaculty and that faculty association bargaining unit structures are most likely to help deliver this outcome. We further conclude that academic freedom is difficult to exercise for sessional faculty, regardless of union status, but that unionization offers greater protections for sessionals facing repercussions as a result of asserting their academic freedom.
SANITATION PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
Authors: Barreto Tobias Ribeiro , Rabelo Betânia Muniz Pedrosa , Hora Henrique Rego Monteiro da , Erthal Milton Junior
Published: March 2021

Decision-making in sanitation projects is complex, which is why it is necessary to analyze multiple factors for the efficient planning, control and management of water resources. The aim of this study is to apply a multicriteria method known as AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to aid decision making in sanitation projects management. applying the AHP to define the best basin for the implementation of the sewage system in a neighborhood in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, considering multiple factors.in a private company in the sanitation sector. The goal of this study was accomplished once the use of the method was successful and indicated the most preferable basin for the implantation.
Financial Conditions and Downside Risk to Economic Activity in Australia
Authors:   Reserve Bank of Australia, Hartigan Luke , Wright Michelle ,   Reserve Bank of Australia
Published: March 2021

We apply the growth-at-risk framework to the Australian economy. This allows us to estimate how important current financial conditions are in explaining future downside risk to key macroeconomic variables. As such, it provides a way to quantify the economic costs of financial instability. In order to implement this framework, we develop a new financial conditions index for Australia and show that it correlates closely with previous episodes of financial instability. We find that more restrictive financial conditions play an important role in explaining downside risk to growth in both GDP and employment and upside risk to changes in the unemployment rate. Our measure of financial conditions is, however, less useful for explaining risks to growth in household consumption and business investment. Overall, the framework provides a useful characterisation of the relationship between financial stability and economic activity in Australia.
Зависимость продолжительности жизни населения от благосостояния страны (межстрановое статистическое исследование)
Authors: Фальцман В.К.
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматриваются результаты обработки статистических данных по 180-ти стран мира, на основе которой построена шкала благосостояния, характеризующая увеличение ожидаемой продолжительности жизни населения по мере роста ВВП (ППС) и затрат на здравоохранение. Шкала использована в прогнозе продолжительности жизни населения России.
Институциональные трансформации сферы жилищного строительства в 2020 году
Authors: Блохин А.А. , Стерник С.Г. , Телешев Г.В.
Published: March 2021

В статье показано продолжение развития двух ключевых тенденций в сфере жилищного строительства – усиление в ней роли государства и выделение компаний-лидеров рынка, контролирующих его привилегированную часть. Последние отделяются от остальной части рынка все более глубокими институциональными барьерами. Такие барьеры возникают из-за «особых» отношений компаний с крупнейшими банками, их преимуществ в получении финансирования на рынках ценных бумаг, лучших условий взаимодействия с институтами развития, прежде всего АО «ДОМ.РФ», ППК «Фонд защиты прав граждан–участников долевого строительства», Фонда ЖКХ, с соответствующим доступом к инструментам государственных гарантий и иным условиям, предоставляемым этими институтами. Показано, что такой институциональный механизм обеспечивает лучшие условия для достижения национальных целей в жилищной сфере. Делаются выводы относительно рисков и ограничений с точки зрения исполнения целей Национального проекта «Жилье и городская среда», а также о целесообразности выработки стратегии трансформации временных антикризисных мер господдержки в долгосрочную политику государственно-частного партнерства и сохранения многоукладности экономики отрасли и рынка.
“Teleobstetricia UNMSM”: Experiencias de una intervención remota sobre salud sexual y reproductiva durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Arnao-Degollar Veronica , Ibarra-Puch Luz , García-Cajaleón Judith , Alvarado-Ocrospoma Lyzzeth
Published: March 2021

Se espera contar con resultados positivos en los distintos indicadores de SSR que se han visto afectados por la pandemia del COVID-19. Asimismo, se espera lograr la preparación integral y el empoderamiento de las gestantes que le permitan afrontar, de manera saludable y feliz, el embarazo, parto, puerperio y el cuidado del recién nacido, contribuyendo a la disminución de la morbimortalidad materna perinatal, y mejorar la calidad de vida de nuestra población.
A Reflection Study on the Teaching of College English Online Course Based on Teaching Existence
Authors: Yan Gong
Published: March 2021

At present, online teaching is booming, and “teaching existence” is an important problem in distance education teaching. Good online teaching effect depends on enough “teaching existence “. The author first defines the concept of teaching existence, takes the course of College English Reading and Writing as an example, investigates the present situation of teaching existence in this course, and finds that there are some problems in teaching organization and design, discussion promotion, direct teaching and so on.
Conocimientos de erosión en adolescentes españoles
Authors: Marques Martínez Laura , Ribelles Llop Marta , Segarra Ortells Cristina , Leyda Menéndez Ana María , Borrell García Carla
Published: March 2021

Objetivos: Determinar en una muestra de adolescentes españoles sus conocimientos sobre la erosión dental y los alimentos, bebidas y hábitos alimenticios que la producen. Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 348 adolescentes entre 12 y 17 años. Se valoró su conocimiento sobre la erosión dental y sus factores etiológicos mediante un cuestionario. Resultados: El 17,82% refirió conocer la erosión dental, el 26,44% solo había oído hablar de ella y el 62,35% pensaba erróneamente que los términos erosión y caries eran equivalentes. Al relacionar el conocimiento sobre los alimentos que producen erosión dental y la edad de los participantes se observó que el grupo de 16-17 años conocía en un porcentaje significativamente mayor la capacidad erosiva de la naranja (p<0,05), el limón (p<0,05), la fresa (p<0,01) y el kiwi (p<0,01). Esto se observó también con las bebidas gaseosas (p<0,01) y las isotónicas (p<0,01). Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimientos sobre la erosión dental es en general bajo, aumentando con la edad. La capacidad erosiva de los cítricos y de las bebidas gaseosas es más conocida entre los adolescentes que la de otros alimentos o bebidas.
Effect of Harvest Time, Delay in Destemming and Desapping Treatment on the Sap Volume and Visual Quality of ‘Carabao’ Mango Fruit
Authors: SECRETARIA Leizel , BAYOGAN Emma Ruth , LUBATON Christine Diana , MAJOMOT Ana Maria Carmela , EKMAN Jennifer , GOLDWATER Adam
Published: March 2021

The sap or latex injury in mango reduces fruit quality as it causes skin blemish during harvesting and postharvest handling. Sap volume and visual quality of ‘Carabao’ mango as affected by different harvest times during the day (every hour from 7:00 AM to 5:00 PM), delay in cutting (hourly up to 6 h) of the pedicel at either the pedicel base or at the abscission zone and different desapping agents applied 1 or 7 h from harvest were assessed. Sap injury was assessed by allowing the sap to flow on the fruit after re-cutting the pedicel at the abscission zone. Sap volume was measured during harvesting while sap injury, days to table ripe stage, visual quality, weight loss, degree of anthracnose and stem end rot were assessed during fruit storage. The experiments were laid out using the completely randomized design. Sap volume ranged from 0.06 to 0.25 mL fruit-1. The lowest sap volume was recorded in fruit harvested in the afternoon between 1:00 and 5:00 PM, while the highest volume was noted at 7:00 and 10:00 AM. The relative humidity of the air was highest at 7:00 AM. Better quality at table ripe stage was noted in mango fruit harvested at 1:00 - 2:00 and 4:00 - 5:00 PM. Sap injury at different harvest times did not vary. The delay in the destemming up to 6 h and the location of cut or pedicel length did not affect sap volume and fruit quality. However, the cutting of the pedicel at the abscission zone rather than at the pedicel base tended to result in better quality, which helped delay fruit ripening. All desapping treatments, such as 1.0 % alum, 1.0 % detergent, 0.5 % lime [Ca(OH)2], and water, could control sap injury. Untreated fruit showed longer shelf life due to a lower degree of anthracnose. Stem-end rot did vary among desapping agents. Among the desapping treatments, water is found to reduce sap damage better. Harvesting later in the day, cutting at the abscission zone, and washing mangoes with water can reduce sap or latex damage in ‘Carabao’ mango.
Space Tourism: An Initiative Pushing Limits
Authors: YAZICI Ayşe Meriç , TİWARİ Satyam
Published: March 2021

Since the launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, in 1957, the number of participants in space activities has been growing rapidly. Although space tourism is in its infancy, it is estimated that the number of space tourists will increase significantly in the coming years. Space travel has inspired humanity in so many ways that humans are entering a new era where space will be accessible to the general public. Space giants such as SpaceX, Virgin Galactic, Blue Origin, Orion Span and others are making new attempts to open a new page in the field of space activities by introducing the concept of space tourism to the public. In this article, a review is made on the determination of the goals of space tourism, the history of human space travel and thus the initiatives developed by different companies to make commercial space travel possible. In this article, the definition of Space tourism has been expanded into three subcategories: Sub-orbital space tourism, Orbital space tourism and Beyond Earth orbit Tourism, where companies such as SpaceX and Space Adventures Ltd push their limits.
Strain-Aging-Assisted Localized Corrosion of a Mill-Scaled X-65 Pipeline Steel
Authors: Wang Shidong , Lamborn Lyndon , Chevil Karina , Gamboa Erwin , Chen Weixing
Published: March 2021

This investigation was designed to study whether strain aging could assist localized corrosion of pipeline steels under realistic conditions, which is an unsolved problem in the evaluation of strain-aging-induced stress corrosion cracking of pipeline steels in the field. It was found that the corrosion severity was significantly aggravated after strain aging because of the increase in yield strength and the transformation of oxide scales on the steel surface. These variations caused by strain aging lead to lesser exfoliation and longer life of the oxide scales under cyclic loading in air and during subsequent corrosion exposure, which enhances the galvanic corrosion between oxide scales and the steel substrate. The composition of oxide scales, mechanical properties of steels, and magnitude of the stress cycles, which could all impact localized corrosion, were studied. The findings of this investigation suggest that the severe localized corrosion leading to crack initiation is a vital factor for the higher SCC susceptibility of pipeline steels associated with strain aging, in addition to the enhanced hydrogen embrittlement as usually believed.
Identification of Urothelial Cancer-Associated 1 (UCA1) as a diagnostic biomarker of pre-eclampsia via regulating microRNA-16 and its downstream signaling pathway
Authors: Xv Ye-hong , Gao Wei , Wang Liao-jv
Published: March 2021

Introduction

In this study, we studied the clinical value of using urothelial cancer-associated 1 (UCA1) and microRNA-16 (miR-16) as biomarkers for the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia (PE). Also, we compared the diagnostic values of miR-16, UCA1 and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in PE. Furthermore, we investigated the interaction between miR-16 and UCA1/PAPP-A.

Material and methods

128 PE patients and 172 healthy pregnant women were enrolled in this study. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was carried out to predict the diagnostic values of UCA1, miR-16 and PAPP-A in PE. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, computational analysis, and luciferase assay were conducted to measure the differential expression of UCA1, miR-16, and PAPP-A while establishing a signaling pathway of UCA1/miR-16/PAPP-A.

Results

Compared with miR-16 and PAPP-A, UCA1 exhibited a better value in the diagnosis of PE. The expression of PAPP-A and UCA1 was down-regulated while the expression of miR-16 was up-regulated in patients with PE, especially in patients with HELLP pregnancies. Moreover, UCA1 was identified as a sponge of miR-16, while PAPP-A mRNA was identified as a virtual target gene of miR-16. Finally, a negative regulatory relationship was observed between the expression of miR-16 and UCA1 or PAPP-A, while the expression of UCA1 and PAPP-A were positively related.

Conclusions

Taken together, UCA1 could be used as a more valuable biomarker in the diagnosis of PE. Meanwhile, the reduced expression of UCA1 could exert a positive effect by reducing the expression of PAPP-A in the pathogenesis of PE.
Prophylactic Antiviral Therapy in Low-Risk Patients infected with the Hepatitis B Virus with Solid Tumors
Authors: Qin Qiong , Wang Xin , Zhou Ai-Ping , Yang Lin , Wang Jin-Wan , Zhong Dian-Sheng
Published: March 2021

Introduction

This study aimed to evaluate the prophylactic antiviral therapy in low-risk patients with the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infections during chemotherapy.

Material and methods

From January 2011 to March 2018, HBsAg-positive patients were analyzed in this retrospective study. The HBV reactivation, related hepatitis, chemotherapy delay, and fulminant hepatic failure in low-risk patients between the prophylactic anti-HBV therapy (prophylaxis group) and the non-prophylactic anti-HBV therapy group (control group) were compared.

Results

There were 68 patients in the prophylaxis group and 102 patients in the control group. The rusult showed that the HBV reactivation was not significantly different between the prophylaxis group and the control group (P=0.741). Three and 5 patients with HBV-related hepatitis were detected in the prophylaxis and control groups, respectively. Moreover, 2 and 4 patients with HBV activation-related chemotherapy delay were detected in the two groups, respectively, without any significant difference (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that HBV DNA titer was associated with HBV reactivation in low-risk patients (P=0.001).

Conclusions

Prophylactic antiviral therapy might not reduce the HBV reactivation of low-risk solid malignancies (non-HCC, non-hematological lymphatic cancer, and HBV DNA titer <100 IU/ml). For low-risk patients, monitoring the HBV DNA titers and liver function tests in the follow-up observations might be an optimal and cost-effective strategy.
Correlation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3
, hs-CRP,
and homocysteine in women with gestational diabetes
mellitus
Authors: Zhang Li , Yi Huani , Li Jie , Dong Juan
Published: March 2021

Introduction

To explore the changes and correlation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homocysteine
(Hcy) in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Material and methods

A total of 110 GDM patients from September 2019
to September 2020 constituted the GDM group, and 100 pregnant women
with a normal 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) throughout the same
duration constituted the control group. General information of the patients
was collected: maternal age, BMI, gravidity, parity, and the gestational week
at the time of glucose tolerance screening. Serum levels of 25-(OH)2
-VitD3
,
hs-CRP, and Hcy were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between 25-(OH)2
-VitD3
,
hs-CRP, Hcy, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index
(HOMA-IRI) in GDM patients.

Results

Serum 25-(OH)2
-VitD3
levels in the GDM group and control group
were 15.67 ±3.62 and 18.66 ±3.41 ng/ml, hs-CRP levels were 6.07 ±1.45 and
3.12 ±1.07 mg/l, and serum Hcy levels were 17.03 ±4.10 and 8.63 ±2.27 µmol/l.
Serum 25-(OH)2
-VitD3
levels in the GDM group were substantially lower than
those in the control group, while hs-CRP, Hcy, and HOMA-IRI in the GDM
group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05).
Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that serum 25-(OH)2
-VitD3
levels
in the GDM group were negatively correlated with HOMA-IRI. In contrast,
hs-CRP and Hcy levels were substantially positively correlated with HOMA-IRI
(p < 0.01).

Conclusions

Blood levels of 25-(OH)2
-VitD3
, hs-CRP, and Hcy levels can be
a potential indicator of GDM.
Buddhist Values for Creating Mindful Markets
Authors: Zsolnai Laszlo , Kovacs Gabor
Published: March 2021

The ultimate goal of Buddhist life is to reach enlightenment and put an end to suffering. From this perspective, the goal of human life can be defined as inner development – that is, ethical and spiritual growth that requires only a minimum level of material comfort (food,
clothes, shelter, education, and medicine). This paper introduces principles and guidelines for individual behavior and business organizations derived from the Buddhist worldview. The paper argues that the realization of Buddhist values is needed for creating mindful markets in which
mindful consumption and mindful entrepreneurship are mutually reinforcing. Mindful consumption can be defined as conscious consumption that is (i) wise (it supports the genuine well-being of individuals), (ii) non- violent (does not involve hurting other sentient beings), and (iii) compassionate
(it helps others to satisfy their needs). Mindful entrepreneurship involves the application of Buddhist values and virtues in business activities, including production and trade.
Legal Aspects of Financial Investment Companies in Iraq Between Ambition and Reality
Authors: Ibrahim Maan Abdulqader
Published: March 2021

Investment companies are an appropriate way to revitalize the national economy where investors can rely on them to make sure their money is managed strategically, especially for people who do not have enough time to track and manage their investments throughout the day. While many individuals find that investment companies provide the services they most need Others feel that they can manage their investments with confidence on their own accord, and this remains a decision for every investor in himself in investment companies or what is known as investment funds in an institution, partnership or commercial entity that invests the capital raised from investors, so that investors share profits And the company's losses alike, according to the share of each investor. The main goal of these companies is to maintain, manage, sell, and market securities for the purpose of investment, but they provide several other services to investors such as various trust funds, portfolio management, record keeping, and administrative and tax services where investment companies are subject to different regulatory laws, according to the policy and laws of each country, for example in United States of America These companies are organized in accordance with the Investment Companies Regulation Act of 1940, which requires companies to disclose to investors their financial condition and investment policies since the shares were initially sold, and therefore this law focuses on disclosing to investors information related to the fund and its investment goals 1, but it does not allow The SEC is directly supervising the investment decisions or activities of these companies or judging the benefits of their investment. Companies are also subject to the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Market Act of 1934. As for Iraqi legislation, investment companies were not mentioned except in the Iraqi Companies Law No. (21) of the revised 1997 CE.
Parental Leadership and Its Role in Job Immersion
Authors: Khalaf Yasir Lateef , Abed Athraa Mohsen , Mahmoud Zaid Khawam
Published: March 2021

The aim of the research is to clarify the role that the patriarchal leadership plays، represented by (authoritarian leadership، benevolent leadership، and moral leadership) in functional immersion represented by (activity، dedication، and preoccupation) in the presidency of Anbar University ، The research included two main hypotheses and six sub hypotheses، on the light of which the hypothesis study outline was developed، and in order to achieve the goal of the current research، both theoretical and applied، the theoretical framework was formulated to reflect a well-informed explanation of the variables and dimensions of the current research، while the applied aspect was accomplished by relying on the population package (SPSS). Through the data obtained from the distribution of the questionnaire form among the sample respondents، as a random sample consisting of (192) individuals was selected from multiple administrative levels، the research reached a set of conclusions، the most important of which is that the parental leadership at Anbar University has an effective role in engaging the employee in his career.
Aesthetics of Tashteer in the Arabian Poem between the Past and the Present
Authors: Al-Tuhami Najiya Hussein
Published: March 2021

Survival and advancement of nations is attributed to their literatures. This is because literatures enable individuals to transcend the material life and be able to visualize the noble meanings and the world of aesthetics. Indeed, a language is the best level of describing self and others as it does not originate from the ego, but rather from the laws of the universe and existence. Moreover, it is not only a lexicon, but also a combination of words, indications, gestures, spaces, and imagery. It is, hence, possible to realize the significance of poetry as a definition of all the previous elements. Tashteer is a type of poetic art where a poet does not invent a new idea but rather adopts the idea of poetry by another poet. The poet follows the meter and rhyme set by the original poet, and thus is not allowed much space for creating a purpose apart from the original one. Therefore, a poet is confined to the predefined purpose and notion in terms of grammatical, syntactic and semantic aspects. The paper focuses on the study of the art of Tashteer of poet Ali al-Deeb who performed Tashteer on the poet of Abi Firaas (Araaka `Asaiyya al-Dam`). The study aims to introduce the art of Tashteer by addressing its practical aspect. The study also uses the descriptive analytical approach to illustrate the strength points of Mushatir (a poet performing Tashteer) and compare his poet with the original one in terms of serving the concept. The study comprises two parts; Part one is for defining the art of Tashteer in the Arabian poetry. Part two includes the analytical study of the poetry under Tashteer. The study concluded several findings including: al-Deeb clearly comprehended the purposes that Abi Firaas had in his poetry. Thus, he was able to have hold of the main notion of the text both linguistically and semantically. He was even able to penetrate into some of the lines and reveal the thoughts.