bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN PERSEDIAAN OBAT DI RUMAH SAKIT SWASTA X DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Desputri Syavira , Tanjung Sophie Zafira , Laili Hasanatun , Aulia Amanda , Ananda Zahra , Hasibuan Indah Doanita
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengelolaan persediaan obat di Rumah Sakit Swasta X di Medan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengadaan obat dilakukan sesuai dengan regulasi yang berlaku, menggunakan Formulary Nasional (Fornas) untuk pasien BPJS dan formularium internal (Forkit) untuk kebutuhan medis lainnya. Tim Komite Farmasi dan Terapi (KFT) berperan penting dalam perencanaan kebutuhan obat, dengan mempertimbangkan pola penyakit dan data konsumsi obat sebelumnya. Proses pengadaan obat dilakukan melalui satu pintu dengan sistem pengelolaan anggaran yang fleksibel. Selain itu, penataan obat di gudang farmasi menerapkan sistem FIFO (First In First Out) dan FEFO (First Expiry First Out) untuk memastikan akurasi persediaan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam meningkatkan efisiensi pengelolaan obat di rumah sakit swasta.
Optimization of Malware Code Insertion Using MD5 Collision
Authors: Abdurrachman Fauzi , Suharjo Bambang , Biantoro Yudhi
Published: January 2025

The contemporary digital landscape relies heavily on the MD5 hash algorithm for ensuring data integrity, yet its susceptibility to collision attacks raises concerns about its security in modern cybersecurity practices. This study delves into the weaknesses of MD5 collisions, particularly focusing on the Unicoll technique. By embedding malicious code into files while preserving their original MD5 hash values, the research aims to demonstrate the potential security risks associated with MD5 collisions. The experiment successfully generates collisions between modified files containing malware and their unaltered counterparts, showcasing MD5's vulnerability to collision attacks. Moving forward, future research could explore methods for embedding malware that evades detection by anti-malware solutions, expand embedding techniques to encompass various file formats, and investigate alternative collision generation methods for improved efficiency and effectiveness. These endeavors offer promising directions for advancing cybersecurity measures and mitigating malware threats in the digital landscape.
Analisis Kebutuhan LKPD Fisika Berbasis Discovery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Minat dan Hasil Belajar Siswa SMP
Authors: Janah Isnain , Utami Gumay Ovilia Putri
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to conduct a needs analysis to help teachers and students more easily visualize the learning process and help students understand the subject of vibrations, waves and sound. This research is a quantitative approach research. The research carried out was descriptive. The subject of this research is the physics teacher at Karya Sakti State Middle School. After conducting a needs analysis, it was concluded that there was a need for teaching materials that made it easier for students to understand the learning content. The teaching materials are student worksheet teaching materials based on Discovery Learning on vibrations, waves and sound.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Spiritual terhadap Self-esteem Pembelajar bahasa Jepang Asal NTT
Authors: Nugraha I Nyoman Edwin Tri , Budiman Nandang , Sardin Sardin
Published: January 2025

Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan hubungan positif antara kecerdasan spiritual dan self-esteem (Pourfarokh, 2014; Boudlaie et al., 2022), namun studi dalam konteks pembelajaran bahasa Jepang di daerah tertinggal seperti NTT masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kecerdasan spiritual terhadap self-esteem pada pembelajar bahasa Jepang asal NTT menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional dan regresi. Sebanyak 55 responden dipilih melalui purposive sampling, menggunakan Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24) untuk mengukur kecerdasan spiritual dan Self-Esteem Scale untuk self-esteem. Hasilnya menunjukkan hubungan sangat lemah antara kecerdasan spiritual dan self-esteem (r = -0,172; p = 0,209), mengindikasikan tidak adanya hubungan signifikan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor eksternal, seperti lingkungan sosial dan kondisi psikologis, mungkin lebih berpengaruh dibanding kecerdasan spiritual dalam membentuk self-esteem pembelajar di konteks ini.
Pengaruh Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) terhadap Kedisiplinan dan Moralitas Siswa di SMPN 6 Pekanbaru
Authors: Ritonga Khotib Raja , Risnawati Risnawati , Hamdani Fikri
Published: January 2025

The rapid development of globalization has a major influence on social, cultural, and educational life throughout the world, including Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to, 1. Analyze the influence of strengthening character education (PPK) on the discipline of students of SMPN 6 Pekanbaru, 2. Analyze the influence of character education (PPK) on the morality of students of SMPN 6 Pekanbaru, 3. Analyze the influence of strengthening character education (PPK) on the discipline and morality of students of SMPN 6 Pekanbaru. The results of this study are, (1) there is an influence of Strengthening Character Education on Student Discipline as proven by the results of the first hypothesis test in this study showing a significance of the ANOVA table of 0.000 less than 0.05 which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted; (2) there is an influence between the variable Strengthening Character Education on Student Morality, as proven by the results of the second hypothesis test which shows a significance value of the ANOVA table of 0.000 less than 0.05 which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted; and (3) there is an influence between the variable Strengthening Character Education on Student Discipline and Morality. Proven by the results of multiple regression analysis showing a significant value of 0.000. Sig. in the ANOVA table 0.000 is less than 0.05, which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted.
Analisis Gaya Belajar Melalui Asesmen Diagnostik dalam Penerapan Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi di SD Supriyadi 02
Authors: Putri Tsulits Aura Auliya , Saputra Henry Januar , Suyatmi Suyatmi
Published: January 2025

Identifikasi gaya belajar diperlukan untuk memaksimalkan ketercapaian tujuan pembelajaran. Dalam pengamatan awal di kelas IIC SD Supriyadi 02 ditemukan bahwa guru belum sepenuhnya mengidentifikasi gaya belajar peserta didik. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan gaya belajar peserta didik di kelas IIC SD Supriyadi 02 dalam penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Riset ini tergolong dalam penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang mempunyai subjek peserta didik kelas IIC SD Supriyadi 02. Pengumpulan data yang diterapkan pada riset ini mencakup angket asesmen diagnostik, wawancara, dan observasi. Riset ini melakukan analisis data melalui reduksi data, sajian data, dan kesimpulan. Penyelidikan ini mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat beragam gaya belajar pada peserta didik kelas IIC SD Supriyadi 02 yaitu 11 visual, 8 auditori, dan 7 kinestetik. Gaya belajar tersebut dapat dipersentasekan dengan 42% visual, 31% auditori, dan 27% kinestetik. Gaya belajar berguna dalam merancang pembelajaran berdiferensiasi sehingga guru harus bisa menciptakan pembelajaran yang mengakomodasi kebutuhan peserta didik.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Game Based Learning Berbantuan Quizizz terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa SMK
Authors: Ramadina Ina , Nindiasari Hepsi
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the effect of the Game Based Learning learning model assisted by Quizizz on vocational school students' mathematical problem solving abilities. The population in this study was all students of Bismillah Vocational School and the sample was students of class X TJKT 1 as the control class and class X DKV as the experimental class. The sampling technique is to use the cluster random sampling technique. This research uses quantitative research methods, the research instruments used are pretest and posttest.  This type of research is quasi-experimental research. Based on the results of this research, Game Based Learning influences students' mathematical problem solving abilities. The results of hypothesis testing obtained a value of ????ℎ????????????????????>????????????????????????, namely 12.85 > 2.045, indicating that there is a significant influence on Game Based Learning assisted by Quizizz on the mathematical problem solving abilities of vocational school students.
Implementasi Kepribadian Guru dalam Pembentukan Karakter Religiusitas Santri Pondok Pesantren Saifullah, Batu Gemuk, Namorambe, Deli Serdang Sumatera Utara
Authors: Panatagama Amir , Mochtar Asmaji , Makhshun Toha
Published: January 2025

Teachers are at the forefront of implementing education. It is imperative for teachers to realize their position as the nation's light, to be role models and to provide enlightenment. This study aims to determine the Implementation of Teacher Personality in the Formation of Religious Character of Students at Saifullah Islamic Boarding School, to find out the obstacles and challenges in fostering the Personality of Teachers at Saifullah Islamic Boarding School, and to find out the efforts of teachers in overcoming obstacles and challenges in fostering the Personality Competence of Teachers at Saifullah Islamic Boarding School. The research method is qualitative which is descriptive in nature, which is the instrument or tool of the researcher himself, the data obtained from two sources, namely primary sources and secondary sources with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique is carried out inductively. The results of the study indicate that the Implementation of Teacher Personality in the Formation of Religious Character of Students at Saifullah Islamic Boarding School Batu Gemuk, Namorambe, Deli Serdang, North Sumatra Alhamdulillah is good. This can be seen from a) The stability and steadfastness of the teacher's soul in carrying out tasks in class and optimism towards the success of students and teacher activities outside the classroom, b) The maturity of the teacher in guidance activities for students and the teacher's attitude in guiding students and the teacher's attitude in dealing with problematic students, c) The teacher's wisdom and prudence in attending evaluation meetings and the teacher's consideration in giving punishment to students d) The teacher's authority is seen from the ability to guide students and their skills in motivating students, e) The teacher's discipline in entering the class and the teacher's discipline in dressing and the teacher's attitude in responding to students' clothing, f) The teacher's ability to provide values ​​and the teacher's efforts in developing themselves.
Alih Kode dan Variasi Bahasa dalam Penulisan Takarir di Instagram: Penelitian Sosiolinguistik
Authors: Nursabit Achmad Japar , Wirza Yanty
Published: January 2025

On Instagram, code-switching has become an intriguing subject of study because users often employ more than one language or even a mix of languages and visual elements (such as emojis) in their posts. The purpose of this research is to identify the types of code-switching commonly occurring in Instagram content and to explore the reasons influencers engage in code-switching. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive design to describe and analyze language use practices in Instagram posts. The findings reveal three types of code-switching: inter-sentential switching, intra-sentential switching, and emblematic switching. Furthermore, six reasons for code-switching were identified: discussing a specific topic, emphasizing a point, using interjections, repeating for clarification, clarifying speech content for the audience, and expressing group identity.
Analisis Faktor Dengan Kejadian Tinea Corporis (KURAP) Terhadap Kebersihan Diri Di Desa Nelayan Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Padongko Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Rosdiana Rosdiana , Zulkarnaen Iskandar , Fatany Alief Ihram , Tri Lestari Ima Mustika , Haedir Haedir , Pannyiwi Rahmat
Published: January 2025

Personal hygiene is personal hygiene that is carried out to maintain health, both physically and psychologically. According to Entjang, the definition of personal hygiene or individual hygiene (personal health efforts) is an effort by a person to maintain and improve their own health. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of personal hygiene on the incidence of tinea corporis (ringworm) in fishing communities. This research method is an analytical survey study using a cross-sectional research design. The population was 150 people and 50 people were taken randomly, data analysis using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The results of this study are There is a significant relationship between Personal Hygiene (skin hygiene), with the incidence of tinea corporis (ringworm). The conclusion is that the community should maintain personal hygiene by maintaining skin hygiene, to reduce the risk of tinea corvoris (ringworm) disease.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Pai Berbasis Mentimeter di MAN 01 Rejang Lebong
Authors: Sari Nofita , Mustajada Nafaisul , Nasution Aida Rahmi , Kristina Epa
Published: January 2025

This journal aims to enable Islamic Religious Education learning to be more advanced and developed so that learning becomes more effective and efficient. All educational institutions must be proactive, creative and productive in reading the phenomena that occur today. Therefore, the role of Mentimeter learning media is very important here, creating a good design as a foundation for the advancement of information and communication technology, as well as adding Islamic religious education learning activities with materials and skills and practicing religion including learning activities and mastery. However, we must also be able to use a technical approach with learning methods using this Mentimeter-based media. Furthermore, the researcher will provide information regarding the type of research to be conducted, the planned time for implementing the research, and the class that will be the subject of the research. The results achieved are the process of developing Mentimeter-based Islamic Religious Education learning media, starting from the initial identification stage or implementation of preliminary research to the final revision stage.
Dampak Media Sosial terhadap Perilaku Sosial Santri di Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren DDI Pattojo Soppeng
Authors: Purnamasari Ninda
Published: January 2025

The advancement of technology and the accessibility of social media have introduced new challenges for santri—who generally live in an environment focused on deepening religious teachings—in maintaining social and cultural values within the DDI Pattojo Islamic Boarding School. This study aims to analyze the social behavior of santri after using social media and to identify the positive and negative impacts of social media usage on their social behavior at Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren DDI Pattojo Soppeng.  This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. The data consists of subjective data gathered from teachers, boarding school caretakers, and santri. The research findings indicate that social media has a significant impact on the social behavior of santri, particularly in communication, interpersonal relationships, and adaptation to social values. Positive impacts of social media include broadening access to information, increasing self-confidence, fostering creativity, and shaping better behavior and mindsets among santri. With proper supervision and guidance, social media can serve as an effective tool to support the development of the santri's academic social behavior. However, negative impacts include reduced productivity, increased individualism, and the erosion of pesantren cultural values. This highlights the need for strict supervision and active mentoring by boarding school management to minimize the adverse effects of social media.
Darurat Kualitas Pendidikan: Peran Krusial Kepala Sekolah Dalam Mencari Solusi Melalui Manajemen Mutu
Authors: Syifa Al Fawaz Ahmad Hadiq , Aimah Siti
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to analyze the strategic role of school principals in implementing quality management to overcome the emergency challenges of education quality in the modern era. This research departs from the argument that school principals are key actors who have direct authority and responsibility in ensuring the quality of education services in schools. In the context of an education quality emergency, where challenges such as low learning outcomes, limited resources and rapid technological developments affect the education ecosystem, school principals are expected to develop a comprehensive and sustainable quality management strategy. This research method uses a qualitative approach with a case study design to understand the role of school principals in implementing quality management strategies amid the education quality crisis. The research involves in-depth interviews, direct observation and documentation to collect data from principals, teachers and administrative staff. Thematic analysis will be used to identify key themes related to quality management implementation. The results of this study show that principals play a crucial role in improving education quality through transformational leadership, implementing a data-based supervision system and strengthening teachers' competencies. Inspirational and collaborative leadership creates a sustainable culture of quality while data-based supervision enables more informed and measurable decisions. Teacher professional development through regular training is also important to improve teaching skills and create more meaningful learning experiences for students.
Pengembangan Kurikulum Berbasis Nilai Moral Dalam Meningkatkan Pendidikan Karakter Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nur Kartika Sofia , Ramadona Ramadona , Khofifah Linafatul , Fauziati Endang , Sumardjoko Bambang
Published: January 2025

Character education is the main foundation in building a young generation with integrity and responsibility. This research uses case study research with a descriptive qualitative approach. This research aims to develop a moral values-based curriculum to improve student character education in elementary schools. Even though character education is considered important, challenges in its implementation often arise, such as a lack of integration of moral values ​​in the existing curriculum and low student awareness of the importance of morals and ethics. By developing a curriculum that includes learning objectives, materials, methods and evaluation that are integrated with character values, it is hoped that it can instill a positive personality and encourage students to socialize and be responsible. The research results show that the implementation of a moral values-based curriculum not only increases students' honest and disciplined attitudes, but also increases their participation in learning. Thus, character education must be an integral part of the curriculum to create a young generation who is not only academically intelligent but also has good morals.
Peran Blater dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Madura
Authors: Ratnadilla Intan
Published: January 2025

In Madura there is a public mention of a figure known as a blater. In the life of Madurese, blater is synonymous with negative things. This is because blater has a culture of violence in solving problems. In solving the problem, the blater performs an action called carok. Carok is used as an arena of legitimacy to strengthen one's social status as a blater. Blater identity refers to the brave, arrogant and courageous nature of a person by resorting to violence when solving a problem. Nevertheless, in his life blater has a positive side to society. Many people need blater assistance for various purposes. therefore, this study seeks to explore how the positive side of blater in the life of Madurese. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods with a sociological approach The sociological approach is used to trace a social phenomenon that occurs in people's lives. By using a sociological approach, researchers can trace the figure of Blater whose daily life is identical to violence in Madura. As for collecting data, researchers use literature study techniques and interviews.
Mazhab Idealisme Konsep Dan Penerapan Pedagogik Dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Rezkyana Agus Aulia , Sudarni Sudarni , Idawati Idawati
Published: January 2025

This study aims to look at the application of the school of idealism in education in Junior High School. This research uses the observation method with a focus on teachers' daily behavior, relationships with peers, and professional behavior. This research was conducted in one of the schools in Makassar. The results show that teachers in the school apply the school of idealism in their education. This can be seen from their daily behavior, where teachers in the school show behaviors that indicate that they have high spiritual and moral values. They also exhibit behaviors that show they care about others and the environment. In relationships with peers, teachers in these schools show harmonious relationships and support each other. They also share knowledge and experiences to improve the quality of learning. On teachers' professional behaviors, teachers in these schools exhibit behaviors that show they have a high commitment to education.
Kepemimpinan Pendidikan Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Idawati Idawati , Rosliah Rosliah , Maghfirah St. Nurwafiqah , Mulya Utari Tria , Idris Hikmah , Gusnita Gusnita
Published: January 2025

A leader by definition is someone who has the ability to influence the behavior of others in their work by using authority. Leadership plays a crucial role in achieving the goals of an institution or organization. Responsible and trustworthy leadership can drive an institution or organization forward and foster its development. Many factors can influence an individual's performance. As an educational leader, one must be able to exert influences that motivate teachers or subordinates to carry out their duties effectively, thereby improving their performance. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach. The method used involves reviewing journals related to educational leadership in elementary schools. Data collection comes from various sources, such as journals, books, and interviews, serving as references to gain an in-depth understanding of educational leadership in elementary schools. The leadership of the school principal is a key determinant of the successful realization of the functions and goals of national education. It is not solely the greatness of teachers that ensures success, but rather the principal who facilitates, enables, and drives teachers' performance, allowing them to fulfill their roles and unlock their potential for goodness and responsibility. There are four common leadership behavior patterns often referred to as leadership styles: instructive, consultative, participative, and delegative. The competencies that a school principal must demonstrate as a leader can be analyzed based on their personality, knowledge of educational staff, vision and mission of the school, decision-making ability, and communication skills.
Sebaran Geografis Periwayat Shi>‘ah dan Nas}b
Authors: Abdul Kodir Aceng
Published: January 2025

This article tries to trace and explain the relation between the political movement and the hadith movement in the first three centuries of Islam, particularly in Shi’a and Nas}b sects. This research uses historical and geo-political approaches in analyzing the transmission of hadith conducted by these two sects. This articleshows that the transmitters of hadith who supported ‘Ali were mostly in Kufah, while those who hated Ali (Nas{b) were in Damascus.
Analisa kualitas pelayanan guru terhadap kepuasan siswa dengan metode Servqual
Authors: Rapa Imelda Cenda , Cahyono Wahyu Eko , Fais Moh Ainul
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze teacher service quality towards student satisfaction at SMP Al Huda Surabaya using the SERVQUAL method. Five dimensions of SERVQUAL (Tangibility, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy) are used to measure the gap between student expectations and perceptions. A quantitative descriptive approach was applied with a sample of 70 students selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.941). The results showed similarities in all dimensions, with the largest gap in Tangibility (-0.69) and Reliability (-0.87). The largest gap was in the ability to explain the material (-1.02) and teacher attendance on time (-1.05). Recommended strategies include teacher training to improve competence, provision of learning facilities, and strengthening teacher-student interaction. This study contributes to improving the quality of education at SMP Al Huda Surabaya and becomes a reference for other institutions to improve student satisfaction.
Performance measurement design using objective matrix (Case study: an egg-laying chicken farming)
Authors: Afifah Belia , Habibie Indra , Zulfikar Zulfikar , Nurkholis Nurkholis , Am Andri Nofiar , Putri Dini Amalia
Published: January 2025

Increased demand and quality pressures are affecting businesses, as experienced by an Egg Laying Chicken Farming, a small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) Poultry Farm located in Salo Subdistrict, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. Previously, performance evaluations were solely based on monthly egg product sales. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the potential and constraints, and to prioritize strategies for business owners by comprehensively measuring business performance, thus allowing for the provision of suitable strategic recommendations. The measurement model is based on several indicators such as Productivity of Laying Hens, Effective Working Hours, Ratio of defect product, Equipment Productivity, and Productivity of Labor Involved, using the Objective Matrix (OMAX) method. The measurement results are analyzed using the Traffic Light System (TLS) to identify the ratio of indicators that fall below the standards set by the business owner, allowing for further analysis to obtain useful strategic recommendations for future productivity improvement.
Analisis penerapan process costing dalam industri manufaktur untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan profitabilitas melalui hilirisasi
Authors: Rinayanti Rinayanti , Irawan Regita Aulia Indy , Wardana Muhammad Daffa , Mariana Mariana  , Diana Diana
Published: January 2025

The application of process costing in manufacturing industries has proven to provide significant benefits in cost management, especially in mass production with uniform products. This study aims to analyze the application of process costing in various industries, with a focus on sectors that utilize natural resources, and to explore the optimization of this method to improve efficiency and profitability through downstream processing. The research method used is a literature review, gathering relevant publications from the last 10 years, including articles and research reports, through searches in academic databases such as Google Scholar and JSTOR. The findings indicate that while process costing is effective in controlling costs and improving efficiency, this method has limitations in handling varied products and custom orders. However, in the downstream processing of natural resources, the application of process costing can be key in managing costs during the transformation of natural resource products into higher-value downstream products. The final report includes a critical analysis of the application of process costing in natural resource-based industries, along with a discussion of the practical implications and the importance of this method for management in making strategic decisions to achieve sustainability and profitability. This study provides comparative insights that are useful for industries in optimizing the application of process costing to enhance performance, competitiveness, and profitability through downstream processing of natural resources.
Innovative technologies for determining the quality and safety indicators of oil-fat raw materials and finished products: monograph
Authors: Levchuk I.
Published: January 2025

The monograph summarizes the scientific results regarding the application of a systemic complex approach to the creation of modern schemes for technochemical control of raw materials and finished products of oil and fat industries using exclusively instrumental methods of analysis: gas-liquid chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, zonal capillary electrophoresis, etc. Practical information is provided and systematization of the characteristics of quality and safety indicators of raw materials, finished products, oil and fat composition: fatty acid and isomeric composition, sterol and acylglycerine composition. The basis of the monograph includes basic statistical data obtained by monitoring oils and fats using validated methods, modified standardized methods and verified standardized methods.
The presented material can be useful for researchers and specialists in oil and fat, chemical and other industries.
Interview with Prof. Kgothatso B. Shai, University of Limpopo, South Africa Afrocentric Epistemology for Social Sciences
Authors: Shai Kgothatso B.
Published: January 2025

Kgothatso Shai is a Full Professor of Political Science and the immediate past Head of the Department of Cultural & Political Studies at the University of Limpopo in South Africa. He previously served as President of the South African Association of Political Studies (SAAPS). He is also the incumbent President of the South African Association of Public Administration and Management (SAAPAM), where he is also serving as the founding Editor in Chief of the association’s flagship Book Series. He is a National Research Foundation (NRF)-rated researcher and the author of three academic books. He has published over 100 peer-reviewed and Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET)-accredited journal articles and book chapters. His research interests interweave between African politics, international relations, and the politics of knowledge.

In his interview, Professor Kgothatso Shai talks about Afrocentricity as a central theoretical framework and analytical lens that should be applied in African social sciences. He describes his personal way of implementing Afrocentric approaches and discusses the main scholars of Afrocentricity, representing both the continent and those living outside it. He also talks about his experience of presiding over the South African Association of Political Studies (SAAPS) and the South African Association of Public Administration and Management (SAAPAM), the challenges and prospects of these organizations. The interview also touches on the problem of the knowledge hierarchies in Africa, structured by scientific journals, many of which are published in South Africa.
Creating Nationally Oriented Textbooks of Russian as a Foreign Language for African Audiences: The Malian Experience
Authors: Davydov Artem
Published: January 2025

With Russian-African relations steadily getting stronger, creating nationally-oriented textbooks of Russian as a foreign language aimed specifically at African countries is becoming increasingly important. The linguistic situation established in Mali after the adoption of the new constitution, which demoted French from “the official” to “the working language” and simultaneously elevated the status of former national (indigenous) languages, is characterized by the increasing use of local languages in various spheres. One of the textbooks in the “We are learning Russian” series, published by St Petersburg State University, has been adapted especially for the Republic of Mali. The textbook uses a conscious-practical teaching method, so, in the process of adapting the textbook for the Malian audience, the grammar explanations, as well as the wording of the assignments, were translated into the lingua franca of Mali—Bambara (Bamana). A translator interpreting a technical text into one of the functionally limited languages, which operates primarily in the oral sphere, is bound to face a multitude of terminological difficulties. The terminological problems encountered by the translator can be divided into two types: 1) the lack of specialized linguistic terminology; 2) the lack of general scientific terminology and words denoting modern urban realities; for the latter, several synonyms often coexist, most often a word borrowed from French and one or more competing neologisms. Difficulties associated with the lack of terminology are to be overcome by referring to the internal resources of the language: the oral tradition of commenting on written texts, native language schooling traditions, as well as the terminological usage that spontaneously develops in the media language. The contents of the textbook were adapted to Malian realities: personalities known to and positively assessed by Malians were introduced, the names appearing in the text were partially replaced with Malian ones in order to create the necessary balance of “familiar” and “foreign.” The experience of creating a nationally oriented Russian language manual for Mali may help in implementation of similar projects aimed at African countries.
Toyin Falola: Autoethnography as a Method to Decolonize African Epistemology
Authors: Gavristova Tatiana , Khokholkova Nadezhda
Published: January 2025

Review of the book: Falola T. (2022). Decolonizing African Knowledge. Autoethnography and African Epistemologies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 524 p.
The “Decolonizing” of Knowledge: A New Perspective on the Cape’s Storytelling
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Turianitsa Daria
Published: January 2025

Review of the book: Bam J. (2021). Ausi Told Me: Why Cape Herstoriographies Matter. Auckland Park: Jacana Media. 312 p.
特殊关键他者对中国东北亚战略抉择的影响：以新中国以来中朝关系为例
Authors: Wang Zehao , Song Jiwu
Published: January 2025

朝鲜半岛地区作为在整个冷战体系下，唯一爆发过双方直接冲突的热战的地区，被广泛认为是社会主义阵营和资本主义阵营竞争的核心区域之一。在传统的地缘政治理论框架下，朝鲜半岛作为边缘地带，处于海权国家和陆权国家的夹缝之中。国际关系作为一种社会架构，观念处于首要地位。对于中国来说，对朝关系在情感地缘想象与共产主义规范下，其利益并不是基于理性计算的。而共产主义规范为社会主义中国提供了一个关于国家现代性与身份认同的主要规范象征。本文通过国际规范理论与“自我-他者框架”，对新中国以来的中朝关系进行分析，得出朝鲜“特殊关键他者”之定位。自中朝建交以来，在国际社会中，尤其是冷战后的西方社会，对于中朝关系的想象，往往将双方互相对对方都定位于一种特殊关键他者地位。朝鲜由于冷战后世界及半岛政治格局而不得不依赖中苏，但自八月宗派事件后，金日成为了巩固自身及“游击队派”统治，开始加强“主体思想”在朝鲜意识形态中的统治性地位，在政治上反对“事大主义”，在国内政治领域开始于中苏脱钩。冷战体系解体后，中朝之间的特殊关系虽然产生了一些变化，但是朝鲜仍然在经济和安全问题上高度依赖中国。此种依赖性让西方社会将朝鲜与中国继续绑定在一起，再加之中朝“鲜血凝结的友谊”，使得中国在处理朝鲜半岛问题时处于一个十分尴尬的位置。改革开放以来，特别是党的十八大以来，中国在国际社会层面从“韬光养晦、有所作为”的外交战略转至“大国外交 大有作为”，为世界提供“中国方案”。在东北亚问题上，中国“负责任的大国”形象的构建被中朝关系所掣肘，因而中朝关系必须要进行调整以摆脱朝鲜在东北亚战略上的不良影响。但是朝鲜无论是作为唯一的军事盟友、重要地缘政治缓冲带，还是中国民间舆论中的“血盟盟友”，都决定了在调整对朝政策之时必须要慎重，要在维持朝鲜半岛局势稳定的前提下让朝鲜经济快速发展，以便我国进一步贯彻东北亚战略，促进中国进一步构建负责任的大国形象。
Intra-Party Variation on Climate Change Positions in U.S. House Elections
Authors: Francis Benjamin , Porter Rachel , Kakenmaster William
Published: January 2025

Previous research documents partisan polarization on climate change in the United States extensively. However, little is known about intra-party variation in politicians’ positions on climate change. Using a word embeddings approach, we assess the relationship between position-taking on climate change and climate-relevant factors in congressional districts. We train our embeddings on a corpus of campaign platforms from candidates who ran for the U.S. House of Representatives between 2018 and 2022. We demonstrate that Republicans attribute extreme weather events to climate change more closely in districts with heightened climate-related disaster risk. We also demonstrate that Republicans express support for renewable energy investment conditional on district-level reliance on fossil fuels for employment. Democrats display remarkable consistency in their rhetoric across all district-level factors. Our findings shed light on potential pro-climate congressional coalitions that might be formed in the future.
Testing the three-stage model of second language skill acquisition
Authors: Maie Ryo , Godfroid Aline
Published: January 2025

Skill acquisition theory conceptualizes second language (L2) learning in three stages (declarative, procedural, and automatic), yet competing theoretical models with fewer stages also exist, and the number of stages has never actually been tested. We tested the validity of the three-stage model by investigating the number and nature of learning stages in L2 skill acquisition. Seventy-three participants deliberately learned grammar and vocabulary of a miniature language through explicit- deductive instruction. They systematically practiced comprehending the language until their accuracy and speed of performance did not improve anymore. Participants received a battery of tests assessing individual differences in their declarative and procedural learning ability. We first applied hidden Markov modeling to participants’ reaction time data (obtained from the language practice) to compare rival hypotheses on the number of stages in L2 skill acquisition. We then examined which cognitive variables predicted participants’ performances (accuracy and speed) in each stage. Our results indicated that participants indeed acquired L2 skills in three stages and that their performance correlated initially with declarative learning ability, but there was a tendency for procedural learning ability to take over in the later stages. Our findings provide the first formal evidence for the influential three-stage model of L2 skill acquisition.
Modeling and Simulation of Bending Moment in Functional Material Coated Silicon Pedestal N/MEMS Resonators
Authors: BHATTACHARYYA ARNAB
Published: January 2025

This article presents the modeling and simulation of bending moments in silicon pedestal cantilevers coated with functional materials for N/MEMS resonator applications. Nano- and microelectromechanical systems (N/MEMS) play a pivotal role in modern sensing technologies. Pedestal cantilever sensors leverage functional materials to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity. Coatings such as Ni, Cu-doped ZnO and Zn, Ni-doped CuO enhance performance by tailoring piezoelectric and semiconducting properties. Functional materials such as (Ni, Cu)-doped ZnO, Zn, Ni-doped CuO, Porous Silicon (P-Si), Conducting polymers (CP), bioceramic (HAp), Ti-B-Si-C-N hard nanocomposite and bismaleimide (BMI) polymer coatings were simulated to be applied to the silicon-based pedestal cantilevers using MATLAB. The study examined how these materials influence the bending moment, natural frequency, and displacement under varying loading conditions considering diversified sensing functionalities. A comparative analysis of these materials for sensing different analates under different conditions has been provided.
Get Over It! A Hurdle Approach to Modeling Audit Samples with Partial Misstatements
Authors: Derks Koen , de swart jacques , wetzels ruud
Published: January 2025

A well-known problem in statistical audit sampling is inferring an upper limit for the population misstatement based on a sample with partial misstatements. Typically, auditors use the Stringer bound for this purpose. However, this method is often too conservative and lacks a solid statistical foundation. Despite the development of better alternatives, none of these methods have been widely adopted, partly because they are impractical. To address these issues, we propose an intuitive approach that combines Bayesian statistics with hurdle modeling. We show that this approach is reliable, has a stronger statistical foundation than the Stringer bound while also being more efficient, and is more practical than alternative methods. Additionally, it enables auditors to incorporate multiple sources of pre-existing audit information into the statistical analysis in a straightforward manner, thereby increasing transparency and efficiency. In sum, the Bayesian hurdle approach is an attractive solution for modeling audit samples with partial misstatements.
Sending Signals: Trigger Warnings and Safe Space Notifications
Authors: Pratt Samuel , Jones Payton J. , Bridgland Victoria , Bellet Benjamin W. , McNally Richard J.
Published: January 2025

Trigger warnings and safe space notifications are common in higher education. Although researchers have evaluated these practices primarily as mental health tools, little attention has been paid to the interpersonal signals these practices send. In this experiment, we examined how trigger warnings and safe space notifications shape students’ perceptions of instructors and the classroom environment. A sample of 738 American undergraduate students was randomly assigned to view videos of instructors delivering a brief lecture on trauma, preceded by the instructor providing a trigger warning, a safe space notification, both, or neither. Participants then rated the instructor’s epistemic trustworthiness, concern for student well-being, political orientation, and left-wing authoritarianism, as well as their own feelings of psychological safety and willingness to discuss controversial topics in the instructor’s classroom. Analyses using Bayes Factors provided substantial evidence that trigger warnings had no overall impact on students’ perceptions. In contrast, safe space notifications increased students’ feelings of psychological safety and willingness to discuss controversial topics. Safe spaces also increased perceptions of instructors as caring and trustworthy, but also signaled that instructors were liberal and left-wing authoritarian, including the subscale measuring support for top-down censorship. Implications for the use of trigger warnings and safe spaces in educational contexts are discussed.
Exploring Theory-Laden Observations in the Brain Basis of Emotional Experience
Authors: Westlin Christiana , Singh Ashutosh , Erdogmus Deniz , Stratis Georgios , Barrett Lisa Feldman
Published: January 2025

In the science of emotion, it is widely assumed that folk emotion categories form a biological and psychological typology, and studies are routinely designed and analyzed to identify emotion-specific patterns. This approach shapes the observations that studies report, ultimately reinforcing the assumption that guided the investigation. Here, we reanalyzed data from one such typologically-guided study that reported mappings between individual brain patterns and group-averaged ratings of 34 emotion categories. Our reanalysis was guided by an alternative view of emotion categories as populations of variable, situated instances, and which predicts a priori that there will be significant variation in brain patterns within a category across instances. Correspondingly, our analysis made minimal assumptions about the structure of the variance present in the data. As predicted, we did not observe the original mappings and instead observed significant variation across individuals. These findings demonstrate how starting assumptions can ultimately impact scientific conclusions and suggest that a hypothesis must be supported using multiple analytic methods before it is taken seriously.
A hitchhiker’s guide to information theoretical measures in psychology
Authors: Van Santen Niels , Rosseel Yves , Marinazzo Daniele
Published: January 2025

In psychology, as in other sciences, information theory can be used as a tool tocomplement more standard regression-based methods of data analysis. It is important tosee the potential of information theoretical measures as statistical tools without implying aconnection to their origins in communication theory and engineering. The use of thesemeasures may provide us with additional insights due to their sensitivity to non-linearrelationships, their flexibility to the mixing of data types, and their more straightforwardgeneralization towards investigating higher-order interactions. We briefly reintroduceinformation theory and compare several measures such as mutual information andco-information with correlation and regression-based methods for the investigation ofvariable dependence.
Introducción a la Anatomía y Fisiología Femenina Género Diverse
Authors: Pastor Daniela Alejandra
Published: January 2025

Este es un manual introductorio a la anatomía y fisiología femenina, que entiende que este sexo es compartido por diversidades de géneros autopercibidos. Refleja la experiencia generada a partir del Proyecto Ovotabú (Tabúes de la óvula), que es un proyecto educativo independiente dirigido a adultas, ya que considera que la ESI es una deuda para esta población, por lo que son necesarios espacios de formación continua con una pedagogía específica. Recorre estos contenidos cuestionando visiones sesgadas sobre nuestras cuerpas, construidas y reproducidas históricamente, que conllevan a problemas reales de acceso a la salud.
Indications, Diagnostic yield and Appropriateness of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures in Children: Experience of a Tertiary Level Teaching Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Dhungel Amrit , Shrestha Sabina , Shrestha Mandira , Tamang Poonam Bodh , Chimoriya Romila
Published: January 2025

Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy has been a key diagnostic tool from the past in adult patients, but its usefulness has been increasing in pediatric cases also. With development of technologies, these procedures have been relatively safer than in the past and have increased the yield in the diagnosis of GI diseases. Nepal being a developing country, it still has lesser pediatric GI cases and the outcomes of such cases are also limited. This retrospective study aimed to assess the types of GI procedures done along with their indications and diagnostic yields of these procedures which were conducted by reviewing data of all the patients between the ages of 0-18 years who underwent endoscopy in our center from January 2018 to December 2022. Overall, 82% of the 323 procedures performed in 268 patients during this study period (mean age 10 years) had a positive endoscopic finding, among which gastritis/duodenitis was the commonest (32.1%). Most common indication for the endoscopic procedures was pain abdomen (28%) followed by vomiting (25.7%). Rectal bleeding (24.3%) was the most common indication for doing lower GI procedures. Based on ESGE and ESPGHAN guidelines, 98.15% of the procedures done were considered appropriate. Histopathologically 27 out of 65 (41.5%) cases had Helicobacter pylori positive gastritis while 28 (43.0%) had no abnormalities detected. No major procedural and post procedure complications were noted in any of the study children indicating safety of such GI procedures under proper sedation. General practitioners and pediatricians should be encouraged to refer such children for the diagnosis and proper management as there procedures have been accessible and considered safe nowadays.