bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Testosterone increases neurotoxicity of glutamate in vitro and ischemia-reperfusion injury in an animal model
Authors: Yang Shao-Hua , Perez Evelyn , Cutright Jason , Liu Ran , He Zhen , Day Arthur L. , Simpkins James W.
Published: December 2017

Increasing evidence has demonstrated striking sex differences in the outcome of neurological injury. Whereas estrogens contribute to these differences by attenuating neurotoxicity and ischemia-reperfusion injury, the effects of testosterone are unclear. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of testosterone on neuronal injury in both a cell-culture model and a rodent ischemia-reperfusion model. Glutamate-induced HT-22 cell-death model was used to evaluate the effects of testosterone on cell survival. Testosterone was shown to significantly increase the toxicity of glutamate at a 10 μM concentration, whereas 17β-estradiol significantly attenuated the toxicity at the same concentration. In a rodent stroke model, ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by temporal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1 h and reperfusion for 24 h. To avoid the stress-related testosterone reduction, male rats were castrated and testosterone was replaced by testosterone pellet implantation. Testosterone pellets were removed at 1, 2, 4, or 6 h before MCAO to determine the duration of acute testosterone depletion effects on infarct volume. Ischemic lesion volume was significantly decreased from 239.6 ± 25.9 mm3 in control to 122.5 ± 28.6 mm3 when testosterone pellets were removed at 6 h before MCAO. Reduction of lesion volume was associated with amelioration of the hyperemia during reperfusion. Our in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that sex differences in response to brain injury are partly due to the consequence of damaging effects of testosterone.
Cyclooxygenase contracting factors and altered pulmonary vascular responses in chronically hypoxic newborn pigs
Authors: Fike Candice D. , Pfister Sandra L. , Kaplowitz Mark R. , Madden Jane A.
Published: December 2017

Pulmonary hypertension and blunted pulmonary vascular responses to ACh develop when newborn pigs are exposed to chronic hypoxia for 3 days. To determine whether a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent contracting factor, such as thromboxane, is involved with altered pulmonary vascular responses to ACh, newborn piglets were raised in 11% O2(hypoxic) or room air (control) for 3 days. Small pulmonary arteries (100–400 μm diameter) were cannulated and pressurized, and their responses to ACh were measured before and after either the COX inhibitor indomethacin; a thromboxane synthesis inhibitor, dazoxiben or feregrelate; or the thromboxane-PGH2-receptor antagonist SQ-29548. In control arteries, indomethacin reversed ACh responses from dilation to constriction. In contrast, hypoxic arteries constricted to ACh before indomethacin and dilated to ACh after indomethacin. Furthermore, ACh constriction in hypoxic arteries was nearly abolished by either dazoxiben, feregrelate, or SQ-29548. These findings suggest that thromboxane is the COX-dependent contracting factor that underlies the constrictor response to ACh that develops in small pulmonary arteries of piglets exposed to 3 days of hypoxia. The early development of thromboxane-mediated constriction may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in newborns.
Enhancing Plasticity of the Central Nervous System: Drugs, Stem Cell Therapy, and Neuro-Implants
Authors: Le Friec Alice , Salabert Anne-Sophie , Davoust Carole , Demain Boris , Vieu Christophe , Vaysse Laurence , Payoux Pierre , Loubinoux Isabelle
Published: December 2017

Stroke represents the first cause of adult acquired disability. Spontaneous recovery, dependent on endogenous neurogenesis, allows for limited recovery in 50% of patients who remain functionally dependent despite physiotherapy. Here, we propose a review of novel drug therapies with strong potential in the clinic. We will also discuss new avenues of stem cell therapy in patients with a cerebral lesion. A promising future for the development of efficient drugs to enhance functional recovery after stroke seems evident. These drugs will have to prove their efficacy also in severely affected patients. The efficacy of stem cell engraftment has been demonstrated but will have to prove its potential in restoring tissue function for the massive brain lesions that are most debilitating. New answers may lay in biomaterials, a steadily growing field. Biomaterials should ideally resemble lesioned brain structures in architecture and must be proven to increase functional reconnections within host tissue before clinical testing.
Foveal Avascular Zone in Normal Tension Glaucoma Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Zivkovic Maja , Dayanir Volkan , Kocaturk Tolga , Zlatanovic Marko , Zlatanovic Gordana , Jaksic Vesna , Radenkovic Marija , Jovanovic Predrag , Sefic Kasumovic Sanja , Golubovic Mladjan , Jovanovic Svetlana
Published: December 2017

Aim. To measure diameter of foveal avascular zone (FAZ), FAZ area, and vessel density using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and to establish the possible role of OCT-A in diagnosis and follow-up of patients with NTG. Methods. Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients with NTG and 30 eyes of 30 healthy subjects underwent complete ophthalmic examination as well as OCT-A on ZEISS AngioPlex. 3×3 macula scans were used to measure vertical, horizontal, and maximum diameter of FAZ by two graders. Mean values and interobserver variability were analyzed. Image J was used for analysis of FAZ area and vessel density. Results. Mean vertical diameter (t=5.58, p<0.001), horizontal diameter (t=3.59, p<0.001), maximum diameter (t=5.94, p<0.001), and FAZ area (t=5.76, p<0.001) were statistically significantly enlarged in the NTG group compared to those in the control group. Vessel density (t=-5.80, p<0.001) was statistically significantly decreased in the NTG group compared to that in the control group. Conclusion. OCT-A could have an important role in the future in diagnosis of patients with NTG. In patients with NTG, there is larger FAZ area, while the vessel density is reduced in comparison to the control group.
Shape Optimization of Bone-Bonding Subperiosteal Devices with Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Ogasawara Takeshi , Uezono Masayoshi , Takakuda Kazuo , Kikuchi Masanori , Suzuki Shoichi , Moriyama Keiji
Published: December 2017

Subperiosteal bone-bonding devices have been proposed for less invasive treatments in orthodontics. The device is osseointegrated onto a bone surface without fixation screws and is expected to rapidly attain a bone-bonding strength that successfully meets clinical performance. Hence, the device’s optimum shape for rapid and strong bone bonding was examined in this study by finite element analyses. First, a stress analysis was performed for a circular rod device with an orthodontic force parallel to the bone surface, and the estimate of the bone-bonding strength based on the bone fracture criterion was verified with the results of an animal experiment. In total, four cross-sectional rod geometries were investigated: circular (Cr), elliptical (El), semicircular (Sc), and rectangular (Rc). By changing the height of the newly formed bone to mimic the progression of new bone formation, the estimation of the bone-bonding strength was repeated for each geometry. The rod with the Rc cross section exhibited the best performance, followed by those with the Sc, El, and Cr cross sections, from the aspects of the rapid acquisition of strength and the strength itself. Thus, the rectangular cross section is the best for rod-like subperiosteal devices for rapid bone bonding.
Hydrological Cycle Algorithm for Continuous Optimization Problems
Authors: Wedyan Ahmad , Whalley Jacqueline , Narayanan Ajit
Published: December 2017

A new nature-inspired optimization algorithm called the Hydrological Cycle Algorithm (HCA) is proposed based on the continuous movement of water in nature. In the HCA, a collection of water drops passes through various hydrological water cycle stages, such as flow, evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. Each stage plays an important role in generating solutions and avoiding premature convergence. The HCA shares information by direct and indirect communication among the water drops, which improves solution quality. Similarities and differences between HCA and other water-based algorithms are identified, and the implications of these differences on overall performance are discussed. A new topological representation for problems with a continuous domain is proposed. In proof-of-concept experiments, the HCA is applied on a variety of benchmarked continuous numerical functions. The results were found to be competitive in comparison to a number of other algorithms and validate the effectiveness of HCA. Also demonstrated is the ability of HCA to escape from local optima solutions and converge to global solutions. Thus, HCA provides an alternative approach to tackling various types of multimodal continuous optimization problems as well as an overall framework for water-based particle algorithms in general.
Multiple‐Features‐Based Semisupervised Clustering DDoS Detection Method
Authors: Gu Yonghao , Wang Yongfei , Yang Zhen , Xiong Fei , Gao Yimu
Published: December 2017

DDoS attack stream from different agent host converged at victim host will become very large, which will lead to system halt or network congestion. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an effective method to detect the DDoS attack behavior from the massive data stream. In order to solve the problem that large numbers of labeled data are not provided in supervised learning method, and the relatively low detection accuracy and convergence speed of unsupervised k‐means algorithm, this paper presents a semisupervised clustering detection method using multiple features. In this detection method, we firstly select three features according to the characteristics of DDoS attacks to form detection feature vector. Then, Multiple‐Features‐Based Constrained‐K‐Means (MF‐CKM) algorithm is proposed based on semisupervised clustering. Finally, using MIT Laboratory Scenario (DDoS) 1.0 data set, we verify that the proposed method can improve the convergence speed and accuracy of the algorithm under the condition of using a small amount of labeled data sets.
Lithium-Ion Battery Capacity Estimation: A Method Based on Visual Cognition
Authors: Cheng Yujie , Tao Laifa , Yang Chao
Published: December 2017

This study introduces visual cognition into Lithium-ion battery capacity estimation. The proposed method consists of four steps. First, the acquired charging current or discharge voltage data in each cycle are arranged to form a two-dimensional image. Second, the generated image is decomposed into multiple spatial-frequency channels with a set of orientation subbands by using non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT). NSCT imitates the multichannel characteristic of the human visual system (HVS) that provides multiresolution, localization, directionality, and shift invariance. Third, several time-domain indicators of the NSCT coefficients are extracted to form an initial high-dimensional feature vector. Similarly, inspired by the HVS manifold sensing characteristic, the Laplacian eigenmap manifold learning method, which is considered to reveal the evolutionary law of battery performance degradation within a low-dimensional intrinsic manifold, is used to further obtain a low-dimensional feature vector. Finally, battery capacity degradation is estimated using the geodesic distance on the manifold between the initial and the most recent features. Verification experiments were conducted using data obtained under different operating and aging conditions. Results suggest that the proposed visual cognition approach provides a highly accurate means of estimating battery capacity and thus offers a promising method derived from the emerging field of cognitive computing.
Existence Results for Fractional Hahn Difference and Fractional Hahn Integral Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Patanarapeelert Nichaphat , Sitthiwirattham Thanin
Published: December 2017

The existence and uniqueness results of two fractional Hahn difference boundary value problems are studied. The first problem is a Riemann-Liouville fractional Hahn difference boundary value problem for fractional Hahn integrodifference equations. The second is a fractional Hahn integral boundary value problem for Caputo fractional Hahn difference equations. The Banach fixed-point theorem and the Schauder fixed-point theorem are used as tools to prove the existence and uniqueness of solution of the problems.
Synthesis and Bactericidal Properties of Hyaluronic Acid Doped with Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Cárdenas-Triviño Galo , Ruiz-Parra Macarena , Vergara-González Luis , Ojeda-Oyarzún Javier , Solorzano Guillermo
Published: December 2017

A study on the nanoparticles size and the antibacterial properties of hyaluronic acid (HA) doped with nanoparticles is reported. Nanoparticles from gold, silver, copper, and silver palladium with HA support were performed. The solvated metal atom dispersion (SMAD) method with 2-propanol and HA was used. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were conducted. The average sizes of nanoclusters were as follows: HA-Au = 17.88 nm; HA-Ag = 50.41 nm; HA-Cu = 13.33 nm; and HA-AgPd = 33.22 nm. The antibacterial activity of solutions and films containing nanoparticles against American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) bacterial strainsEscherichia coli(EC),Staphylococcus aureus(SA),Staphylococcus epidermidis(SE), andPseudomonas aeruginosa(PA) was determined. Inhibition was observed for HA-Ag, HA-Cu, and HA-AgPd. Toxicological tests were performed in rats that were injected intraperitoneally with two concentrations of gold, copper, silver, and silver-palladium nanoparticles. No alterations in hepatic parameters, including ALT (alanine aminotransferase), GGT (gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase) bilirubin, and albumin, were observed after 14 days. These films could be used as promoters of skin recovery and Grades I and II cutaneous burns and as scaffolds.
Activation State-Dependent Substrate Gating in Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II
Authors: Johnson D. E. , Hudmon A.
Published: December 2017

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is highly concentrated in the brain where its activation by the Ca2+sensor CaM, multivalent structure, and complex autoregulatory features make it an ideal translator of Ca2+signals created by different patterns of neuronal activity. We provide direct evidence that graded levels of kinase activity and extent of T287(T286αisoform) autophosphorylation drive changes in catalytic output and substrate selectivity. The catalytic domains of CaMKII phosphorylate purified PSDs much more effectively when tethered together in the holoenzyme versus individual subunits. Using multisubstrate SPOT arrays, high-affinity substrates are preferentially phosphorylated with limited subunit activity per holoenzyme, whereas multiple subunits or maximal subunit activation is required for intermediate- and low-affinity, weak substrates, respectively. Using a monomeric form of CaMKII to control T287autophosphorylation, we demonstrate that increased Ca2+/CaM-dependent activity for all substrates tested, with the extent of weak, low-affinity substrate phosphorylation governed by the extent of T287autophosphorylation. Our data suggest T287autophosphorylation regulates substrate gating, an intrinsic property of the catalytic domain, which is amplified within the multivalent architecture of the CaMKII holoenzyme.
Impact of Hot Environment on Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance, Renal Damage, Hemolysis, and Immune Activation Postmarathon
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo Assunção , Sierra Ana Paula Rennó , Benetti Marino , Ghorayeb Nabil , Sierra Carlos A. , Kiss Maria Augusta Peduti Dal Molin , Cury-Boaventura Maria Fernanda
Published: December 2017

Previous studies have demonstrated the physiological changes induced by exercise exposure in hot environments. We investigated the hematological and oxidative changes and tissue damage induced by marathon race in different thermal conditions. Twenty‐six male runners completed the São Paulo International Marathon both in hot environment (HE) and in temperate environment (TE). Blood and urine samples were collected 1 day before, immediately after, 1 day after, and 3 days after the marathon to analyze the hematological parameters, electrolytes, markers of tissue damage, and oxidative status. In both environments, the marathon race promotes fluid and electrolyte imbalance, hemolysis, oxidative stress, immune activation, and tissue damage. The marathon runner’s performance was approximately 13.5% lower in HE compared to TE; however, in HE, our results demonstrated more pronounced fluid and electrolyte imbalance, renal damage, hemolysis, and immune activation. Moreover, oxidative stress induced by marathon in HE is presumed to be related to protein/purine oxidation instead of other oxidative sources. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance and protein/purine oxidation may be important factors responsible for hemolysis, renal damage, immune activation, and impaired performance after long‐term exercise in HE. Nonetheless, we suggested that the impairment on performance in HE was not associated to the muscle damage and lipoperoxidation.
Leukocyte Cell-Derived Chemotaxin 2-Associated Renal Amyloidosis: A Case Report
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Bijin Babitha , Saleem Kamron , Sarsah Benjamin , Thajudeen Bijin
Published: December 2017

Amyloidosis is a disorder characterized by the deposition of abnormal protein fibrils in tissues. Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2-associated amyloidosis is a recently recognized entity and is characterized by a distinctive clinicopathologic type of amyloid deposition manifested in adults by varying degrees of impaired kidney function and proteinuria. There are only a limited number of cases reported in the literature. We present a 64-year-old Hispanic female with a history of hypertension who was referred for chronic kidney disease management. The review of her laboratory tests revealed a serum creatinine of 1.5–1.8 mg/dL and microalbuminuria (in the presence of a bland urine sediment) in the past year. She denied any history of diabetes, rheumatologic disorders or exposure to intravenous contrast, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, herbals, and heavy metals. Serological workup was negative. A renal biopsy showed diffuse infiltration of glomerulus with pale eosinophilic material strongly positive for Congo red stain and a similar eosinophilic material in the interstitium, muscular arteries, and arterioles. Electron microscopy showed marked infiltration of the mesangium, capillary loops, and interstitium with haphazardly arranged fibrillary deposits (9.8 nm thick). Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry confirmed leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2) amyloid deposition. LECT2 amyloidosis (ALECT2) should be suspected in renal biopsy specimens exhibiting extensive and strong mesangial as well as interstitial congophilia. Individuals with LECT2 renal amyloidosis have a varying prognosis. Therapeutic options include supportive measures and consideration of a kidney transplant for those with end-stage renal disease.
Pathologic Outcomes of Candidates for Active Surveillance Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy: Results from a Contemporary Turkish Patient Cohort
Authors: Tinay Ilker , Aslan Güven , Kural Ali Riza , Özen Haluk , Akdoğan Bülent , Yıldırım Asıf , Ongün Şakir , Özkan Alp , Esen Tarik , Zorlu Ferruh , Dillioğlugil Özdal , Bekiroglu Nural , Türkeri Levent ,   Members of Urooncology Association
Published: December 2017

Introduction: To evaluate the pathological outcomes of Turkish men meeting the criteria for Active Surveillance (AS), who elected to undergo immediate radical prostatectomy (RP). Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis including 1,212 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa) who met the eligibility criteria for AS. The primary outcomes were pathological upstaging and pathological upgrading. Results: Nine hundred ninety-one patients were eligible for analysis after the central review of the submitted data. The mean prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 6.89 (0.51–15) ng/mL and the mean biopsy core number was 12 (8–47). The mean tumor positive core on final biopsy pathology was 1.95 (1–6) (16.6% [2.1–33.3%]). Overall, 30.6% of the men experienced a Gleason sum (GS) upgrade and 13.2% had pathological upstaging. For GS upgrade, the percentage of tumor-positive cores and free-to-total-PSA ratio were significant both in univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Variables predicting pathological upstaging were percentage of tumor-positive cores and PSA density, which were significant in univariate analysis. However, only PSA density was significant in multivariate logistic regression. Although biochemical recurrence-free survival was longer in patients without GS upgrade, it was not statistically significant between patients with and without any GS upgrade (mean 133.7 vs. 148.2 months, p = 0.243). A similar observation was made for patients with or without pathological upstaging (mean 117.1 vs. 148.3 months, p = 0.190). Conclusions: Upgrading and upstaging at RP are quite common among Turkish men with clinically low-risk PCa, who are candidates for AS, and a great majority of them experienced long-term PSA control.
Prediction of Spontaneous Puberty in Turner Syndrome Based on Mid-Childhood Gonadotropin Concentrations, Karyotype, and Ovary Visualization: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hankus Magdalena , Soltysik Kamil , Szeliga Kamila , Antosz Aleksandra , Drosdzol-Cop Agnieszka , Wilk Krzysztof , Zachurzok Agnieszka , Malecka-Tendera Ewa , Gawlik Aneta Monika
Published: December 2017

Aims: To investigate whether karyotype, mid-childhood (6–10 years) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, and ultrasound ovary visualization results can be used as indicators of spontaneous puberty in Turner syndrome (TS). Methods: The analysis was based on clinical and biochemical data from 110 TS girls aged >13 years at the end of the study (1,140 visits between 1996 and 2015). The study population was divided according to karyotype: 45,X and non-45,X. Results: The mean age ± standard deviation at diagnosis was 10.7 ± 4.0 years, and the follow-up duration was 5.9 ± 3.3 years. Spontaneous puberty was confirmed in 48% and menarche in 20% of the subjects, less frequently in 45,X girls. The mean age at Tanner stage B2 was 13.7 ± 2.4 years and that at menarche 14.2 ± 1.7 years, regardless of the karyotype. The median FSH level at 6–10 years was 8.16 IU/L, which was significantly lower than <6 years and >10 years. The median LH level at 6–10 years was 0.35 IU/L, which was lower than >10 years. The chance of spontaneous menarche was decreased in girls with FSH ≥6.7 IU/L between 6 and 10 years. Conclusions: Although spontaneous puberty and menarche occur more frequently in non-45,X girls, the karyotype cannot be used to predict them. However, the chance of spontaneous menarche can be predicted based on gonadotropin cut-off values. There was no correlation between ultrasound ovary visualization results and spontaneous puberty.
Por que os sociólogos erram sempre?
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Gutierrez Gustavo Luís , Almeida Marco Bettine de ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades
Published: December 2017

Os autores, nessa obra, analisam questões relacionadas à sociologia tomada como ciência que, embora possa produzir textos esparsos com conteúdo de verdade, como área de conhecimento, no sentido substancial do termo, hoje "ela não existe", já não dá conta de toda a análise possível sobre seu objeto de pesquisa: a sociedade. A reflexão teórica ​concederá espaços para descrições de cenas de acontecimentos sociais imaginários, sem seguir as regras mais evidentes da ortodoxia acadêmica, tornando a leitura menos árida e cansativa e também para que algumas das razões que levaram o campo da sociologia a viver es​ta situação estejam mais claras.
Hibridismo como forma televisiva impura: vozes dissonantes em The Voice Brasil
Authors: Soares Rosana de Lima , Limberto Andrea
Published: December 2017

Este artigo pretende recuperar a experiência recente, cada vez mais valorizada e profusa, dos formatos audiovisuais híbridos no sentido de investigar possibilidades para o protagonismo discursivo de distintos atores sociais. Em termos gerais, trataremos de alguns aspectos constituintes do reality show The Voice Brasil, apontando espaços de presença/ausência de sujeitos não hegemônicos em programas televisivos; as práticas discursivas como espaços de intertextualidade e heterogeneidade, comumente referidas nos debates sobre convergências midiáticas; as múltiplas identidades do sujeito em meio à proliferação de imagens; as políticas da representação e os regimes de visibilidade presentes nas mídias, especialmente aqueles relacionados a figuras de alteridade, estabelecendo tensões entre as narrativas do mesmo e do outro nelas apresentadas.
The Conjunction of Extension, Teaching and Research: the Experience of the Scientific Journey of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Students
Authors: Serpentino Alice Hermínia , Cabral-Costa João Victor , Souza Rodolfo Ribeiro de , Jorge Tamara Ramos , Epiphanio Sabrina , Giarolla Jeanine , Borelli Primavera
Published: December 2017

A Jornada Científica dos Acadêmicos de Farmácia-Bioquímica ( JCAFB), da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo (FCF/USP), é um projeto voluntário, autogerido e de extensão universitária. Criado em 1965, conta com a participação de professores, residentes farmacêuticos e estudantes. Inicialmente, teve a finalidade de investigar a presença de caramujos da espécie Biomphalaria, hospedeiro intermediá- rio do Schistosoma mansoni, transmissor da esquistossomose, em Peruíbe-SP. Atualmente, caracteriza-se pela prestação de serviços voluntários de assistência farmacêutica em cidades com deficiências nas áreas de saúde e saneamento básico, visando melhorar as condições de vida da população, procurando soluções locais. Em um ciclo de 4 anos, durante os meses de janeiro, uma equipe de cerca de 50 estudantes realiza atividades educativas sobre saúde e meio ambiente, exames laboratoriais, análises físico-química e microbiológica da água, levantamento do perfil socioeconômico, orientações domiciliares sobre uso de medicamentos, capacitação dos agentes comunitários de saúde e promoção de saúde de animais domésticos. O projeto já envolveu mais de 1500 alunos da FCF/USP, além de residentes (farmacêuticos e veterinários), pós-graduandos e graduandos de outras unidades da Universidade. Preservando a indissociabilidade entre a pesquisa, ensino e extensão universitária, a Jornada visa proporcionar aprendizado científico, humanitário e social aos participantes.
Cyber-Archaeology and Learning: LARP's Digital Apps in the Dialogue Between University and Basic Education
Authors: Fleming Maria Isabel D’Agostino , Gregori Alessandro Mortaio
Published: December 2017

O artigo discute as ações do LARP (Laboratório de Arqueologia Romana Provincial do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia / USP) relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de aplicativos digitais educativos. A Ciberarqueologia, como metodologia do trabalho arqueológico, constrói ambientes interativos digitais com o uso de Realidade Virtual, abrindo espaço para a reflexão sobre questões de ensino-aprendizagem. A aplicação dos recursos digitais do LARP em escolas de ensino básico e a realização de workshops com profissionais de educação aproximam o ambiente de pesquisa universitário das salas de aulas, o que revela uma profícua divulgação dos saberes acadêmicos, ao mesmo tempo em que convida a comunidade escolar a colaborar na construção do conhecimento sobre a antiguidade romana.
Conservação da arquitetura e do ambiente urbano modernos em contexto pós-colonial: A Baixa de Maputo
Authors: Franco de Mendonça Lisandra
Published: December 2017

Passados quarenta anos desde a Independência de Moçambique (25 de junho de 1975), as dificuldades na tutela e reabilitação do patrimônio edificado são evidentes. Os ajustamentos estruturais resultantes de mudanças doutrinárias contrastantes, expressas na adoção de reformas econômicas específicas, acrescidas de uma longa guerra civil (1976-1992), contribuíram para que se agravasse a degradação progressiva dos núcleos urbanos e dos serviços. Este texto foca-se no patrimônio edificado da cidade de Maputo, com o objetivo de aprofundar o conhecimento da arquitetura e dos ambientes urbanos do século XX e das particularidades inerentes à conservação do patrimônio moderno associado ao contexto colonial. A dificuldade deste exercício prende-se sobremaneira com questões relacionadas com especificidades da própria “modernidade”: o reconhecimento e a tutela, a perda de funcionalidade e a adaptação a novas funções, a deterioração dos materiais de construção e das infraestruturas, as alterações na envolvente, a manutenção corrente e, principalmente, pelo fato de essas estruturas espaciais e conceptuais terem sido desenvolvidas para um referencial cultural, social e econômico distinto, alheio à sua condição contemporânea.
Aplicaciones a la enseñanza de la traducción del Mínimo paremiológico del portugués
Authors: Díaz Ferrero Ana María , Sabio Pinilla José Antonio
Published: December 2017

El Mínimo paremiológico del portugués forma parte de un proyecto global de investigación sobre paremiología multilingüe cuyo objetivo es elaborar un corpus con las paremias más usadas y reconocidas actualmente por los hablantes nativos de los países que tienen el portugués como lengua oficial. Entre las aplicaciones didácticas del mínimo paremiológico, destaca su utilidad para la enseñanza de la lengua y de la traducción. En este artículo proponemos algunos ejercicios relacionados con las estrategias y técnicas de traducción de paremias en la combinación lingüística portugués-español, para ser desarrollados a partir del mínimo paremiológico de la lengua portuguesa. Para ello seguimos como base metodológica las fases del proceso de traducción de unidades fraseológicas propuestas por Corpas Pastor (2003) y el modelo de competencia traductora del European Master’s in Translation (EMT) de la Dirección General de Traducción de la Comisión Europea (2009).
Las decisiones del traductor y la expresión de foco en dos traducciones al español de un cuento brasileño
Authors: Pinheiro-Correa Paulo Antonio
Published: December 2017

El estudio compara dos traducciones al español del cuento “El globo fantasma”, del escritor brasileño Rubem Fonseca. En concreto, se analizan las discrepancias en el orden de palabras en la expresión de la función pragmática foco entre las dos traducciones con el objetivo de explorar la traducción de elementos del dominio de la pragmática en el par traductivo portugués-español. El trabajo se basa en la Gramática Funcional de Dik (1989, 1997). Los resultados ponen en evidencia diferencias en el funcionamiento de la interfaz sintaxis-pragmática entre las dos lenguas y muestran que el foco informativo puede ocupar distintas posiciones en la oración en español según las decisiones traductivas del traductor que atienden a regularidades discursivas de cada variedad.
Construção ativa do conhecimento: experiência em um Centro Universitário de São Paulo, SP.
Authors: Manso Maria Eliza Gonzalez
Published: December 2017

Formar profissionais médicos com perfil mais humanístico, crítico, que se responsabilize pelo sujeito que o procura em um momento de sofrimento, que se volte para as necessidades de saúde deste sujeito e que esteja comprometido com a população para a qual trabalha é o desafio atual dos cursos de medicina. Novas diretrizes curriculares vêm sendo colocadas às graduações nesta área, as quais destacam a importância da construção ativa do conhecimento e a incorporação de tecnologias ativas de aprendizagem. Este relato refere-se a uma experiência que se considera exitosa na construção ativa do conhecimento discente dentro de conteúdos curriculares nem sempre valorizados pelos ingressantes como necessários para sua formação técnico-instrumental.
De que forma a disciplina introdução às ciências biológicas pode ilustrar os campos de atuação do biólogo
Authors: Monteiro Regina Teresa Rosim
Published: December 2017

A disciplina Introdução às Ciências Biológicas tem como objetivo mostrar o objeto estudado, os seus valores e suas características. Na Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, USP, Piracicaba, essa disciplina, na forma obrigatória, é ofertada na maior parte dos cursos. Sou responsável por ela desde a criação do curso em Ciências Biológicas, no ano de 2002. Nesses quinze anos, pude acompanhar a evolução das disciplinas ofertadas durante o curso e também dos alunos ingressantes. No final do semestre, na avaliação do aluno constam também do questionário questões sobre avaliação da disciplina, levando sempre ao seu melhoramento.
O Papel do Docente na Articulação entre as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação e a Aprendizagem do Aluno
Authors: Evangelista Priscila Araújo , Menezes Luiz Leite de
Published: December 2017

Considerando a crescente utilização e os avanços no campo da Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) no nosso cotidiano, este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar como o docente pode valer-se das teorias de aprendizagem e das TIC para o melhor rendimento de seus alunos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e com caráter de revisão bibliográfica de literatura, exclusivamente de artigos publicados de 2000 até 2014, nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. Foram encontrados sete artigos na base de dados Scientific Electronic Library On-line (SciELO) e, dentre esses, selecionados cinco para compor a análise. A conclusão dessa revisão é que a inserção de novas metodologias, que utilizem as TICs, é possível e extremamente positiva para o aluno em seu processo de aprendizagem; no entanto, esse será um grande desafio ao docente, uma vez que o modelo vivenciado ainda tem muito da escola tradicional.
Influência do Sistema de Corte e Queima na Infiltração e Condutividade Hidráulica do Solo
Authors: Pereira Adalberto Alves , Thomaz Edivaldo Lopes
Published: December 2017

Coivara é um dos sistemas agrícolas mais antigos utilizados pelo homem. Os efeitos deste sistema sobre as propriedades físico-hídricas do solo ainda são controversos. Desta forma, este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a infiltração e a condutividade hidráulica em coivara sob um ciclo de 2 anos de pousio e comparar os parâmetros hidráulicos da agricultura de coivara com outros sistemas de manejo. Este trabalho foi realizado entre os meses de dezembro de 2012 e janeiro de 2013, em três áreas cultivadas com feijão e uma área de floresta. Realizaram-se 18 ensaios de infiltração utilizando-se um infiltrômetro de tensão a disco em cada área, sendo nove sem aplicação de tensão e nove com tensão de cinco centímetros de água. A coivara apresentou taxas de infiltração e condutividade hidráulica elevadas, semelhantes ao plantio mínimo. Conclui-se, que a manutenção da estrutura do solo é essencial para o movimento da água no solo, e foi fundamental para que a coivara e o plantio mínimo apresentassem taxas de infiltração e condutividade hidráulica superiores ao plantio convencional.
Reflexões Acerca do Comércio e Consumo na Perspectiva da Geografia Humana
Authors: Gonçalves Tiago Estevam , Silva José Borzacchiello da
Published: December 2017

Os estudos sobre a geografia do comércio e consumo iniciam-se aos poucos na ciência geográfica a partir das décadas de 1950 e 1960. Observa-se tal fato, principalmente, nas pesquisas realizadas pela geografia francófona a partir das investigações de Sporck, na Bélgica, Delobez e Beaujeau-Garnier, na França. Como também, pela geografia anglo-saxônica com estudos de Brian J. Berry. Nesse sentido, este artigo evidência a geografia do comércio e consumo sob uma perspectiva da geografia humana através dos diversos pressupostos, como por exemplo: a nova geografia, geografia crítica, virada cultural e o pós-estruturalismo geográfico. O artigo tem um caráter teórico englobando grandes baluartes da geografia do comércio e consumo. Em alguns momentos, mesmo com as divisões epistemológicas realizadas, parte-se da ideia que existe um emaranhando de concepções que, de certo modo, organizou-se na tentativa de ter uma visão mais abrangente e globalizante da geografia do comércio e consumo na sociedade da cultura do consumo. Não constitui-se necessariamente um estudo do percurso histórico, entretanto, observar-se alguns recortes temporais considerados relevantes para o entendimento dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos que envolvem esse campo geográfico. Por fim, o artigo em seu bojo exprime o desencontro das temporalidades, os contrapontos entre o tradicional e o (pós) moderno, as continuidades e as descontinuidades do espaço urbano e metropolitano.
Estimates of Mortality Benefit From Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics: A Dose Response Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Aneni Ehimen C. , Crippa Alessio , Osondu Chukwuemeka U. , Valero‐Elizondo Javier , Younus Adnan , Nasir Khurram , Veledar Emir
Published: December 2017

Background

Several studies have shown an inverse relationship between ideal cardiovascular health (
CVH
) and mortality. However, there are no studies that pool these data to show the shape of the relationship and quantify the mortality benefit from ideal
CVH
.

Methods and Results

We conducted a systematic internet literature search of multiple databases including
MEDLINE
, Web of Science, Embase,
CINAHL
, and Scopus for longitudinal studies assessing the relationship between ideal
CVH
and mortality in adults, published between January 1, 2010, and May 31, 2017. We included studies that assessed the relationship between ideal
CVH
and mortality in populations that were initially free of cardiovascular disease. We conducted a dose‐response meta‐analysis generating both study‐specific and pooled trends from the correlated log hazard ratio estimates of mortality across categories of ideal
CVH
metrics. A total of 6 studies were included in the meta‐analysis. All of the studies indicated a linear decrease in (cardiovascular disease and all‐cause) mortality with increasing ideal
CVH
metrics. Overall, each unit increase in
CVH
metrics was associated with a pooled hazard ratio for cardiovascular disease mortality of 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.87), while each unit increase in ideal
CVH
metrics was associated with a pooled hazard ratio of 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.86–0.93) for all‐cause mortality.

Conclusions

Our meta‐analysis showed a strong inverse linear dose‐response relationship between ideal
CVH
metrics and both all‐cause and cardiovascular disease–related mortality. This study suggests that even modest improvements in
CVH
is associated with substantial mortality benefit, thus providing a strong public health message advocating for even the smallest improvements in lifestyle.
Social Security or Cultural Benefits
Authors: Agha Nadia
Published: December 2017

Son preference persists in South Asian patrilineal and patriarchal societies where practices of sex-selective abortions are used to ensure the maximum number of male children. Such practices cannot be understood without analysing socio-economic conditions that foster son preference. This article highlights the strategic importance of sons in rural Pakistan by analysing 30 semi-structured interviews and three focus group discussions with women. I take into account the prevalent perception of men as breadwinners and argue that even if men do not fulfil this role, they are considered precious due to other factors, e.g., family’s future security, social protection and maintenance of kinship ties. The family faces the threat of discontinuity of lineage in the absence of a male child even if it has daughters. While the girl child is also useful for the family, particularly when she supports her mother, cultural and social expectations attached to the male child make him invaluable.
The Gurob Harem Palace Project, Spring 2012*
Authors: Shaw Ian
Published: December 2017

Preliminary report on the 2012 season of the Gurob Harem Palace Project, describing a programme of survey and excavation undertaken by the Universities of Liverpool and Copenhagen, and their British and international collaborators, at the site of Medinet el-Gurob in the Faiyum region. The principal tasks accomplished were surface collection and analysis of pottery, topographical survey field-walking for small finds, and excavation of the following: a second mud brick kiln dating to the New Kingdom, in the so-called ‘industrial area' of the site; a 5 × 7 m square in the area presumed to be the southern half of the palace; and a 5 × 5 m square in the northern residential area of the site. The project also mapped and studied areas of the Gurob cemetery subject to illicit excavation and looting during 2011–12.
The Treatment of Foreigners in Seti's Battle Reliefs*
Authors: Davies Vanessa
Published: December 2017

In Seti I's Karnak battle reliefs, each of the four complete campaigns describes the defeated foreigners as bringing ‘tribute on their backs’. The depictions of these foreigners, however, portray them as captives of the king, bound and unable to carry anything at all. This article compares these textual and pictorial portrayals with examples from the Eighteenth Dynasty, and argues that the texts convey the foreigners' submission to the king, while the images of contorted and struggling bodies evoke their ‘not knowing Egypt’, a reference to their lack of accord with maat which is contrained only by the bindings that the king controls.
The Canopic Box of NS-‘3-RWD (BM EA 8539)*
Authors: Ouda Ahmed M. Mekawy
Published: December 2017

Primary publication of the canopic box of Ns-‘3-rwd, perhaps from Thebes, dating to the late Twenty-fifth/early Twenty-sixth Dynasties. No exact parallels exist for the texts on this box, which bears some unique epithets and unusual extensive formulations for the four protective goddesses, invoking a close relationship with Osiris and Horus, especially for Isis and Neith. The box's owner, title, family, and status, as well as textual parallels for deities' titles and epithets, are discussed.
A block of Ramesses II reused as a threshold in the Wakala of Qawsun (Cairo)
Authors: Lorand David
Published: December 2017

Publication of a lintel/architrave of Ramesses II probably from Heliopolis re-used as a threshold in medieval Cairo.
A Coptic epistolary exercise from Wadi Sarga
Authors: Cromwell Jennifer
Published: December 2017

Publication of a school exercise texts on an ostracon from the Coptic monastery of Apa Thomas at Wadi Sarga.
A Middle Kingdom funerary stela of a woman at Al-Salam School Museum, Assiut
Authors: Abdel-Raziq Abdalla
Published: December 2017

Publication of a small stela belonging to a woman named Iu(he)t-ibu, now in the archaeological museum in al-Salam School at Assiut. The overall shape, decoration, and offering formula date it to the late Middle Kingdom (Senwosret III or later).
New Titles of the Great Chancellor Bay
Authors: Safronov Alexander
Published: December 2017

Analysis of the relief on pillar 16 of the Southern temple in Buhen reveals two previously unrecorded elements for the titulatury of Great Chancellor Bay: ‘fan-bearer on the right of the king' and ‘king's messenger to Syria and Nubia’. The latter title accords perfectly with the letter RS 86.2230, which was sent by Bay to the last king of Ugarit Ammurapi. The fact that Bay bore the title ‘king's messenger to Syria and Nubia’, and had a direct relationship with the Ugaritic king, suggests that under Siptah he had taken control of Egyptian foreign affairs.
A neglected funerary text
Authors: Allen James P.
Published: December 2017

Discussion of an otherwise unparalleled funerary text from the tomb of Neha at el-Qatta in the south-west Delta, which shares some of the concerns of the shuabti spells in the Coffin Texts and Book of the Dead.
On the validity of sexing data from early excavations: examples from Qau
Authors: Beuthe Tatjana
Published: December 2017

A brief technical re-examination of a paper by George Mann on the Qau skeletons in the Duckworth collection is undertaken. Taking into account the original data and technical aspects of skeletal sexing, it is shown that old data on skeletal sexing may not always be as unreliable as previously thought. Factors that may introduce errors into this type of data are considered.
Dietary antioxidants and 10-year lung function decline in adults from the ECRHS survey
Authors: Garcia-Larsen Vanessa , Potts James F. , Omenaas Ernst , Heinrich Joachim , Svanes Cecilie , Garcia-Aymerich Judith , Burney Peter G. , Jarvis Deborah L.
Published: December 2017

The relationship between lung function decline and dietary antioxidants over 10 years in adults from three European countries was investigated.

In 2002, adults from three participating countries of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) answered a questionnaire and underwent spirometry (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC)), which were repeated 10 years later. Dietary intake was estimated at baseline with food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Associations between annual lung function decline (mL) and diet (tertiles) were examined with multivariable analyses. Simes’ procedure was applied to control for multiple testing.

A total of 680 individuals (baseline mean age 43.8±6.6 years) were included. A per-tertile increase in apple and banana intake was associated with a 3.59 mL·year−1(95% CI 0.40, 7.68) and 3.69 mL·year−1(95% CI 0.25, 7.14) slower decline in FEV1and FVC, respectively. Tomato intake was also associated with a slower decline in FVC (4.5 mL·year−1; 95% CI 1.28, 8.02). Only the association with tomato intake remained statistically significant after the Simes’ procedure was performed. Subgroup analyses showed that apple, banana and tomato intake were all associated with a slower decline in FVC in ex-smokers.

Intake of fruits and tomatoes might delay lung function decline in adults, particularly in ex-smokers.