bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sugars measured enzymatically in a fasting overnight urine sample are not sensitive biomarkers of dietary added sugar intake in postmenopausal women
Authors: Weinhold Kellie R. , Andridge Rebecca R. , Bomser Joshua A. , Sasaki Geoffrey Y. , Bruno Richard S. , Orchard Tonya S.
Published: June 2022

Background

Restricting dietary sugar is a leading recommendation, but limited biomarkers assessing intake exist. Although 24-h urinary sucrose (U-Suc) and urinary fructose (U-Fruc) excretion has been used with mixed success, collection is burdensome.

Aim

This study aimed to test the sensitivity of an enzymatic assay of U-Suc and U-Fruc to detect changing added sugar intake using low-burden overnight urine samples in 30 postmenopausal women.

Methods

Women consumed usual dietary intake during day 1 and usual intake plus a sugar sweetened beverage during day 2. Weighed, photographed food records assessed intake. Enzymatic assay measured U-Suc and U-Fruc from fasting overnight samples; liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) validated U-Suc findings.

Results

Dietary added sugars increased significantly during day 2 (p < 0.001), but urinary sugars were not significantly increased. Enzymatic assay detected urinary sugars in 75% (U-Suc) and 35% (U-Fruc) of samples. Dietary sucrose was not associated with U-Suc, however dietary fructose was significantly associated with U-Fruc [β = 0.031; p < 0.05] among women with detectable urinary sugars. Participants with detectable U-Fruc consumed more energy from added sugars [12.6% kcal day 1; 21.5% kcal day 2] than participants with undetectable U-Fruc [9.3% kcal day 1; 17.4% kcal day 2], p < 0.05. Using LC-MS, U-Suc predicted sucrose and added sugar intake [β = 0.017, β = 0.013 respectively; both p < 0.05].

Conclusions

Urinary sugars measured enzymatically from overnight urine samples were not sensitive biomarkers of changing added sugar intake in postmenopausal women. However, urinary fructose measured by enzymatic assay or LC-MS may differentiate low versus high added sugar consumers.
Physical activity enjoyment, exercise motivation, and physical activity in patients with heart failure: A mediation analysis
Authors: Klompstra Leonie , Deka Pallav , Almenar Luis , Pathak Dola , Muñoz-Gómez Elena , López-Vilella Raquel , Marques-Sule Elena
Published: June 2022

Objective

To determine whether physical activity enjoyment mediated the association between motivation and physical activity in patients with heart failure.

Design and setting

A cross-sectional study at the cardiology clinic in the university hospital in Valencia, Spain

Subjects

A total of 134 patients with heart failure.

Main measurements

Physical activity was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, motivation was assessed with the Exercise Motivation Index and Physical Activity Enjoyment was assessed with the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale.

Analysis

Mediation analysis using Hayes’ PROCESS macro (Model 4) for SPSS.

Results

The mean age of the sample was 70 ± 14 years, 47 patients were female (35%), and 87 patients were in New York Heart Association I/II (67%). A positive relationship was found between exercise motivation and physical activity ( t = 4.57, p < .01) and physical activity enjoyment ( t = 11.52, p < .01). Physical activity enjoyment was found to positively affect physical activity (t = 3.50, p < .01). After controlling for physical activity enjoyment, the effect of exercise motivation on physical activity changed from a significant to non-significant ( t = 1.33, p = .89), indicating that enjoyment completely mediated the relationship between motivation and physical activity. Overall, 25% of the variation in physical activity was explained by the mediation model.

Conclusions

Physical activity enjoyment mediates the relationship between exercise motivation and physical activity in patients with heart failure. This means that even highly motivated heart failure patients may not be physically active if they do not enjoy the physical activity.
The correlation between shoulder pathologies and sleep disorders
Authors: Hammad Ali , Grinbaum Erez , Chezar Avi , Israeli Asaf , Rozen Nimrod , Rubin Guy
Published: June 2022

Objective

To assess and characterize the correlation between shoulder pathologies and sleep disturbances.

Methods

Participants enrolled into this case–control study were divided into two groups: patients with an established clinical diagnosis of active shoulder pathology (study group), and patients without any shoulder pathology (control group). All patients completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) questionnaire, in addition to questions related to participant demographics, health status, medication, and other known insomnia risk factors.

Results

A total of 98 patients were included (46 in the study group and 52 controls). Mean ISI score was significantly higher (indicating more severe insomnia) in the study group versus control group (t[96] = –9.67), even after correcting for confounders (t[53.1] = –8.61). Additionally, in patients with shoulder pathology, those with comorbidities experienced more sleep disturbances than those without comorbidities (β = 0.36). Lastly, the shoulder pathology group was at a higher risk of having sleep disturbances compared with controls (relative risk 4.86, 95% confidence interval 2.24, 10.55).

Conclusions

Sleep disturbances are more common among patients with shoulder pathologies. Comorbidities and a shorter duration of pathology may predict more severe sleep disturbances.
Identification of hub genes and biological pathways in glioma via integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Chen Lulu , Sun Tao , Li Jian , Zhao Yongxuan
Published: June 2022

Objective

Glioma is the most common intracranial primary malignancy, but its pathogenesis remains unclear.

Methods

We integrated four eligible glioma microarray datasets from the gene expression omnibus database using the robust rank aggregation method to identify a group of significantly differently expressed genes (DEGs) between glioma and normal samples. We used these DEGs to explore key genes closely associated with glioma survival through weighted gene co-expression network analysis. We then constructed validations of prognosis and survival analyses for the key genes via multiple databases. We also explored their potential biological functions using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA).

Results

We selected DLGAP5, CDCA8, NCAPH, and CCNB2, as four genes that were abnormally up-regulated in glioma samples, for verification. They showed high levels of isocitrate dehydrogenase gene mutation and tumor grades, as well as good prognostic and diagnostic value for glioma. Their methylation levels were generally lower in glioma samples. GSEA and GSVA analyses suggested the genes were closely involved with glioma proliferation.

Conclusion

These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of glioma. The hub genes have the potential to be used as diagnostic and therapeutic markers.
Psychosocial change across a drum corps season
Authors: Young DaSean Lucas , Rosenthal Lisa , Goldstein Thalia R
Published: June 2022

Drum corps is a marching arts (MA) activity that combines movement, music, and visual performance. Education in the MA emphasizes performance, endurance, and group cohesion. However, research on the psychosocial effects of participation in MA education is rare. In the current study, we measured resilience, self-efficacy, goal orientation, and flow, over the course of a season of drum corps, hypothesizing significant change in these constructs. A total of 74 young men ( Mage = 19.16) from a world-class drum corps participated in an online longitudinal study involving five surveys with repeated measures across their 2017 competitive marching season. We found a statistically significant curvilinear change over time in general self-efficacy, marching self-efficacy, mastery goal orientation, and flow, but no pattern of change in ego goal orientation. The pattern of change was similar for all outcomes: participants first declined, and then rebounded up, but only some outcomes returned to baseline or higher levels. Findings may inform MA participants and educators about dynamic psychosocial change throughout a season for which they should be prepared, as well as future research on MA.
Building a critical incident peer response team: A full theatre team welfare intervention
Authors: Civil Nina M , Hoskins Jeffrey D
Published: June 2022

The psychological impact (second victim effect) of in-theatre critical incidents is increasingly recognised. Different styles of psychological support programme have recently been published, including some utilising ‘near in time’ peer support. Most of these programmes either target their support to individuals, or focus on one vocational group rather than the multidisciplinary team. However, the in-theatre team consists of different craft groups who nonetheless function as a single team and are therefore ‘peers’. This paper sets out the design and implementation of a critical incident peer response programme at Waikato Hospital, New Zealand, which provides peer-led group psychological first aid to full theatre teams. The programme is administered by trained representatives from multiple in-theatre craft groups including nurses, midwives, anaesthetic technicians, recovery room nurses, surgeons and anaesthetists. It emphasises team education and peer support, and has a wholly welfare focus. The programme has voluntary participation but mandatory activation triggers so that individuals do not need to seek support actively at a time when they may not recognise the need to do so. The programme is becoming embedded in the Waikato Hospital theatre culture so that participating in psychological support is normalised following a critical event. This framework is shared in the hope that it will assist other hospitals to develop welfare interventions to support full theatre teams.
Enhancement of resilience and quality of cold supply chain under the disruptions caused by COVID-19: A case of a developing country
Authors: Khan Amin Ullah , Ali Yousaf
Published: June 2022

Cold supply chain (CSC) comprises temperature-sensitive processes, starting from the supply of raw materials, manufacturing, and finally the delivery of finished goods to the end consumers via transport services. Pandemics such as COVID-19 pose threats to its overall functioning and to cater to this issue, the study will ensure the sustainable functioning of CSC by recommending resilience strategies. To do so, the COVID-19 disruptions in the CSC and the resilient sustainability strategies were collected via a vigorous literature review and were analyzed via a Fuzzy QFD technique. The results concluded “crisis simulation,” “identification and securing of logistics,” and “digitalization of cold supply chain” as the top three strategies to ensure the resilience of CSC under disruptions caused by COVID-19. The study recommends necessary steps to the policymakers to ensure a resilient and quality effective CSC. The application of the study proves to be the first of its kind in a developing country such as Pakistan.

JEL Classification: C54, D81, H12
Impacts of Lightweight Aggregate Interlayers for Air Convection Embankment on Pavement Thermal Profile and Pavement Performance in Alaskan Permafrost Regions
Authors: Wu Hanli , David Wang Yizhuang , Zhang Xiong , Liu Jenny
Published: June 2022

Crushed-rock air convection embankment (ACE) has been used to mitigate pavement distresses caused by climatic extremes in permafrost regions for more than three decades. This study proposes using lightweight aggregates as cost-effective alternative materials to overcome the shortage of desired crushed rocks needed for ACE in interior Alaska. This paper presents an investigation of the performance of six selected pavement structures: an asphalt pavement typical of the northern region of Alaska and five pavements reinforced with different paving interlayers (i.e., silty sand/gravel, crushed rocks, cellular concrete aggregate, foam glass aggregate, and lightweight expanded clay aggregate). Pavement thermal analyses using Temperature Estimate Model for Pavement Structures (TEMPS) program and ANSYS Fluent software were performed to predict heat transfer patterns and thermal performance for each case. Pavement performance analyses using viscoelastic-based FlexPAVE™ and the elastic-based Alaska Flexible Pavement Design (AKFPD) program were conducted to evaluate the long-term performance and structural stability of subgrade soil with different types of interlayers. The results showed that the lightweight aggregate ACEs improved cooling performance more effectively than the crushed-rock ACE. The lightweight aggregate interlayers could maintain desired thermal insulation in summer and enhance the cooling effect in winter. The modeling results identified the high potential of using lightweight aggregates as alternative ACE materials to improve pavement service life and subgrade stability.
An optimization Model Combining Operator-Based Relocation With User-Based Relocation for Electric Carsharing Systems
Authors: Wang Ning , Duan Yan , Jia Shengling
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes an optimization model combining operator-based relocation with user-based relocation for electric carsharing systems, aiming to improve the low usage of vehicles and the imbalance between supply and demand. First, the back-propagation neural network prediction model of vehicle quantity demand and the distribution fitting model of energy demand are constructed. In the operator-based scheme, optimization models of inter-regional and intra-regional relocation are constructed. In the user-based scheme, a multi-objective optimization model considering the operator profit and user experience is proposed. Taking the actual operation data of an electric carsharing company in Shanghai as an example, the mixed scheduling strategy of operator-based relocation and user-based relocation is validated. Results show that: (i) users are very sensitive to price changes, and station distance and price incentive will change users’ pickup and return behavior; (ii) compared with systems without vehicle relocation, the mixed scheduling strategy can reduce the using failure rate by 6.68% and increase net profit by 42.6% in the best situation; and (iii) the using-failure rate alert line, as a switching mechanism between user-based and operator-based relocation, can play a regulatory role, and with the loosening of the alert line, the frequency of operator-based relocation intervention increases, and the using-failure rate decreases further.
Transit and Active Transportation Use for Non-Commute Travel Among Portland Transit-Oriented Development Residents
Authors: Dill Jennifer , McNeil Nathan
Published: June 2022

Transit-oriented development (TOD) seeks to promote non-single occupancy vehicle travel by placing dense residential and mixed-use buildings near high-capacity, high-frequency transit. Most research to date on the impact of TODs on travel behavior has focused on commute trips; however, many trips are for non-work purposes, and a sizable portion of the population does not commute to work. This study utilizes a set of surveys, conducted between 2005 and 2019 in the Portland OR region to assess factors associated with whether or not, and how often, TOD residents walk, bike, or take transit for home-based non-work trips. Findings show that about 20% of TOD residents take transit for non-work trips at least once per week, while 65% walk or bike for such trips. Attitudes and housing preferences are important factors in predicting whether and how frequently TOD residents walk, bicycle, or take transit for non-work trips. TOD residents make more non-work trips on transit when there is better transit access, and they walk and bicycle for more of these trips when street connectivity is higher. Lower access to a personal vehicle is also an important factor in non-work travel.
Leveraging Fully Actuated Signal Coordination and Phase Reservice to Facilitate Signal Timing Practices
Authors: Wang Aobo , Tian Zong
Published: June 2022

Signal coordination has been deemed an effective means of improving arterial traffic operations; however, it may cause signal controllers to dwell in coordinated phases regardless of actual traffic demand, resulting in increased delay and unfavorable waiting for the minor-movement traffic. This paper proposes a strategy to facilitate such signal timing practices by actuating the coordinated phase, known as fully actuated coordination, and enabling phase reservice. The actuated coordinated phase can terminate early in response to traffic actuations with minimal influence on arterial progression, and phase reservice allows for a flexible order of phase service, which can lead to an effective re-allocation of the remaining green time after the coordinated phase gaps out. The proposed improvements focus on the situation where traffic volume is low to moderate whereas the coordination cycle length has to be relatively long, such as applying signal coordination at a minor intersection or during the late-night period (e.g., between 9 p.m. and 5 a.m.). The performance of the proposed strategy is explored through hardware-in-the-loop simulation. The simulation results indicate that, as compared with conventional signal coordination, the proposed strategy can achieve a reduction in the overall delay on the non-coordinated movements while the number of stops along the arterial would not significantly increase. Other benefits can also be observed in simulation, for example, speeding control during the late-night period. In addition, the determination of the non-actuated portion of the coordinated phase is studied.
Governance Arrangements of Cross-Sector Collaboration and Its Effectiveness
Authors: Bauer Zachary , AbouAssi Khaldoun , Johnston Jocelyn M.
Published: June 2022

Leaders’ perceptions of the effectiveness of their organization’s collaborations are critical as they determine current and future collaboration. This article examines perceived collaboration effectiveness—the extent to which targeted goals are achieved—based on an organization’s role in that collaboration’s governance arrangements (initiation, funding, coordination, and decision-making). Findings suggest that governance arrangements have modest association with perceived effectiveness of collaborations between nonprofits and local governments in Lebanon. Perceived effectiveness increases when an organization is directly engaged in coordinating the collaboration’s work, activities, resources, and partners, but decreases when an organization has the responsibility for decision-making. Perceived effectiveness also appears to be related to trust, relationship effectiveness, service category, and the organization’s sector.
Kierkegaard on Divine Grace, Human Agency, and Love
Authors: Barrett Lee C.
Published: June 2022

Kierkegaard's writings contain seemingly divergent pictures of the relation of God's grace and human works. The differences are evident in the ways that he portrays the connection of human beings’ natural loving capacities to God's gracious enabling of love. What is the relation of human affiliative dispositions, such as attachment to family and friends, to the more extraordinary forms of Christian love, such as loving strangers, enemies, and God? Kierkegaard sometimes stressed the continuity of natural loves and God's grace and sometimes their discontinuity because in different contexts he was pursuing different edifying purposes. On the one hand, he emphasized the continuity of the two when he was attempting to stimulate the appropriate yearning that is a precondition for welcoming God's grace. On the other hand, elsewhere he stressed the difference of the natural loves and Christian love in order to foster an appreciation for the uniqueness and gratuity of God's self-giving.
Enhancement of filament wound glass fiber/epoxy-based cylindrical composites by toughening with single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Ay Solak Zeynep , Kartav Osman , Tanoglu Metin
Published: June 2022

In this study, the effect of incorporating nano-sized fillers (noncovalently functionalized with ethoxylated alcohol chemical-vapor-deposition-grown SWCNTs) within an epoxy resin on the performance of filament wound glass fiber (GF)-based cylindrical composites (GFCCs) was investigated. For this purpose, SWCNTs were dispersed with the concentration of 0.05 and 0.1 weight percent (wt.%) within an epoxy resin using mechanical stirring and calendaring (3-roll-milling) techniques. The rheological behavior of the SWCNT incorporated epoxy mixture was characterized to determine the suitability of blends for the filament winding process. It was revealed that the viscosity value of the resin was not significantly affected by the addition of SWCNTs in given concentrations. Moreover, contact angle measurements were also performed on the SWCNT/epoxy blends dropped on the GF for the evaluation of the wettability behavior of the GF in the presence of the SWCNTs in relevant concentrations. Eventually, it was observed that the wettability behavior of GF was not reasonably affected by the presence of the SWCNTs. The double cantilever beam (DCB), flexural, and short beam shear (SBS) tests were performed on the reference and SWCNT-modified GFCC specimens to evaluate the effects of the SWCNT presence on the interlaminar fracture toughness and out-of-plane properties of GFCCs. The fractured surfaces after the DCB and SBS tests were analyzed under the scanning electron microscopy to reveal the toughening mechanisms and the filler morphologies. Consequently, although SWCNT incorporation was on the outermost layer of GFCCs, it was found that the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) values and Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness values of the curved composite samples were improved up to 22 and 216%, respectively, due to the presence of the SWCNTs.
Book review: Séverine Autesserre, Frontlines of Peace: An Insider’s Guide to Changing the World
Authors: Anand Rupal
Published: June 2022

Séverine Autesserre, Frontlines of Peace: An Insider’s Guide to Changing the World (Oxford University Press). 2021, Pp. 241, ₹1558. ISBN-13: 9780197530351.
Impact of a Culturally Responsive Professional Development Program in Assistive Technology for Latinx Teachers
Authors: Ocasio-Stoutenburg Lydia , Sudduth Christina , Nunez Christina , Bailey Jhonelle , Dowling Monica , Shearer Rebecca , Natale Ruby , Schladant Michelle
Published: June 2022

Very few studies have examined how to culturally and linguistically (CL) adapt professional development (PD) programs in assistive technology (AT) for Latinx teachers serving young children with disabilities. The purposes of this article are (a) to present an iterative design of a CL-adapted PD program, (b) to examine the impact of this program on teachers’ use of AT practices to support young children with disabilities in early childhood classrooms, and (c) to evaluate the usefulness of program adaptations through the lens of bilingual Latinx practitioners. The Ecological Validity Model (EVM) was used as a framework for both the development and assessment of the program’s CL adaptations. Quantitative results indicated significant changes in teachers’ AT use pre- to post-intervention, while qualitative findings revealed the program’s alignment with the language, persons, metaphors, and context dimensions of the EVM. In addition, three themes provided rich descriptions of the program’s responsiveness to practitioners and classrooms. This study supports the CL adaptation of AT interventions as an equitable practice, supporting young children across a range of disabilities, cultures, and contexts while empowering the diverse practitioners who serve them.
Parenting Behaviors and Parental Stress Among Foster Parents
Authors: Lopez Rocio , Cooley Morgan E. , Thompson Heather M. , Newquist Jennifer
Published: June 2022

While associations between child behavior, parenting behaviors, and foster parent stress have been established, a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between parenting behaviors and parental stress in foster parents is needed. This study included a convenience sample of 65 licensed foster caregivers from across the United States to address the following research question: is there an association between foster parenting behaviors and parental stress? Separate models were run for (a) adaptive parenting behaviors (involvement, positive parenting) as it relates to parenting stress and (b) maladaptive parenting behaviors (poor monitoring/supervision, inconsistent discipline, and corporal punishment) and parental stress. Results indicated that higher levels of parental involvement with children were associated with lower levels of parental stress. For maladaptive parenting behaviors, it was identified that more inconsistent discipline and higher endorsement of corporal punishment as a discipline strategy were associated with higher levels of stress, however, poor monitoring was not found to be associated with levels of stress in this model. Results support the importance of training foster parents in positive parenting strategies or intervening with foster parents who may endorse more negative forms of behavior modification.
How Social Responses to Child Sexual Abuse and Intimate Partner Violence Affect Homelessness Among Women in Two Rural Regions With Resource-Based Economies in Eastern Quebec
Authors: Flynn Catherine , Couturier Pénélope , Turcotte Simon , Dubé Kim , Levesque Christophe , Côté Philippe-Benoit , Lapierre Simon
Published: June 2022

This study presents findings from a qualitative study conducted in two relatively remote, primarily rural regions of the Canadian province of Quebec whose resource-based economic structures exacerbate inequalities between men and women. The purpose of this study was to understand how violence and homelessness intertwine in women's life courses in such regions. On the basis of past research showing that gender socialization around traditional roles and conservative values is particularly tenacious in non-urban areas, we conducted life-course interviews with 22 women in 13 different towns and villages of these two regions. Our content analysis of these interviews showed that specific social responses have forced women to maintain relationships with their aggressors or with people who have protected them, thus relegating these women's lives to the private sphere while reducing their opportunities for social participation in the public sphere. These social responses, together with women's economic and social disadvantages in these regions, were also the main factors that explain homelessness experienced by the participants in this study. Our analysis of these responses illustrates the patriarchal social structure of power in these regions, which is perpetuated in the interpersonal, institutional, and representational dimensions and keeps women in precarious, subordinate social positions, while ostracizing or punishing women who try to resist.
Explaining the Prospective Association of Positive and Negative Parenting Behaviors and Child ADHD Symptoms: Pathways Through Child Executive Function and Reward Responsivity
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li James J.
Published: June 2022

Objective: Parenting behavior is a well-established correlate of offspring ADHD. However, little is known about how parenting exerts its effects on offspring ADHD symptomatology. We examined whether prospective associations between positive and negative parenting behaviors and child ADHD symptoms are mediated by deficits in child executive function (EF) and reward responsivity (RR). Method: One hundred and thirty-five children with and without ADHD were assessed across two Waves, when children were mean ages 6 and 8 respectively. Children completed tasks on EF, and parents completed questionnaires about their parenting behaviors and their children’s RR and ADHD symptoms. Results: Negative parenting behavior at Wave 1 was indirectly associated with offspring ADHD symptoms at Wave 2 via offspring EF. Conclusion: Individual differences in EF, but not RR, during early childhood may constitute a potential pathway by which negative parenting behaviors exerts its effects on subsequent offspring ADHD symptomatology. Treatment implications are discussed.
Employee recognition programmes: An immanent critique
Authors: Hancock Philip
Published: June 2022

In this article I present a critical reading of employee recognition programmes. I utilize an immanent approach, drawing on the same principles that it is claimed underpin such programmes, namely the desire of needful subjects for recognition in the form of self-respect and esteem, and an anticipation of the organizational relations that are themselves a prerequisite for such recognition. These principles are articulated through a reading of Axel Honneth’s critical theory of intersubjective recognition as a necessary condition for what he refers to as fulfilled self-realization and social freedom. In doing so, I suggest that, rather than facilitating the conditions and benefits of intersubjective recognition, internal pathological tendencies towards reification, disrespect and compelled identification result in such programmes undermining the ontological conditions necessary for recognition to flourish, threatening both individual and organizational harm.
Mapping ethics self-regulation within political parties: Norms, oversight and enforcement
Authors: de Sousa Luís , Sanches Edalina R , Coroado Susana
Published: June 2022

This article introduces the new Party Ethics Self-Regulation database, covering 21 indicators on ethics self-regulation organised into three categories (norms, oversight and enforcement) across 200 political parties of 25 countries available in 2020. Internal self-regulatory efforts developed by political parties have been insufficiently addressed in the literature and remain a blind spot in existing databases on political parties. Our analyses indicate that Radical Right Parties have a lower probability of adopting codes of conduct/ethics when compared to any other party family. It also reveals the strongest effect of country-level factors, with party system institutionalization, political corruption or level of democracy shaping the adoption of at least one form of ethics regulation/body. These findings are relevant because they open the debate about the possibility of incrementing ethics self-regulation within political parties through ethics-targeted public funding and raise the need for further research on the effects of such measures on the parties’ ethical climate and public legitimation.
Parsonage–Turner Syndrome mimicking musculoskeletal shoulder pain: A case report during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic era
Authors: Salomon Mattia , Marruganti Sharon , Cucinotta Andrea , Lorusso Mariangela , Bortolotti Paolo , Brindisino Fabrizio
Published: June 2022

Parsonage–Turner Syndrome or neuralgic amyotrophy is a peripheral neuropathy typically characterized by an abrupt onset of pain, followed by progressive neurological deficits (e.g. weakness, atrophy, occasionally sensory abnormalities) that involve the upper limb, mainly the shoulder, encompassing an extensive spectrum of clinical manifestations, somehow difficult to recognize. This case report describes the proper management of a 35-year-old, bank employee and sports amateur who reported subtle and progressive upper limb disorder with previous history of neck pain. SARS-CoV-2 pandemic era made patient's access to the healthcare system more complicated. Nevertheless, proper management of knowledge, relevant aspects of telerehabilitation-based consultation for musculoskeletal pain, advanced skills, tools and technologies led the physiotherapist to suspect an atypical presentation of Parsonage–Turner Syndrome. Further, neurologist consultation and electromyography suggested signs of denervation in the serratus anterior and supraspinatus muscle. Therefore, an appropriate physiotherapist's screening for referral is conducted to correct diagnosis and thorough treatment.
Swedish poly utopia: Dreams, revolutions, and crushed hopes
Authors: Andersson Catrine , Carlström Charlotta
Published: June 2022

Polyamory means having a sexual and/or intimate relationship with more than one person at a time. In this study, we use in-depth interviews with 22 persons in Sweden who have experience of polyamorous or non-monogamous relationships to explore how polyamory can include imagining utopian relationships and spaces. Thematic analysis was done which indicated narratives of politically invested attempts to create communal living or societal change that resists capitalist and heteronormative nuclear-family arrangements as well as stories of everyday events that do not explicitly involve political ambitions. The range of utopian dreams and practices of the non-monogamous participants in our study, we argue, are examples of what Muñoz calls concrete utopias, filled with joy and laden with disappointment in the face of potentiality and reality.
Self-representations of the experience of anorexia on YouTube: The joint influence of the explanatory model and the web platform
Authors: Mikhaylova Oxana
Published: June 2022

This study analyzes the self-representations of Russian-speaking women with anorexia on YouTube. Using multimodal interaction analysis, the research focuses on how the explanatory model of anorexia and the representation platform influence the narratives produced by vloggers who have experienced or are experiencing anorexia. It is concluded that anorexia is mainly represented in these videos as a weight-related mental health disorder. Although the explanatory model of anorexia shapes self-representations on YouTube, the platform plays an even greater role in the construction of such narratives. This study’s findings fill gaps in the existing literature by revealing the joint structural influences that shape storytelling regarding the anorexia experience. The theoretical perspective utilized in this article could be further applied in research examining media representations of other mental health conditions.
Performing, learning and entrepreneuring; playing it by ear
Authors: Anderson Alistair R. , Air Carol
Published: June 2022

We examine how musicians become entrepreneurs, illustrating how this dramatic shift from the aesthetic to the commercial offered a useful platform for understanding entrepreneurship. Analysing our data of 20 life story narratives, we found chronological patterns of socialised learning through and by experience and began to recognise how experience was acquired and deployed. Employing an entrepreneurship as practice theoretical framework, we saw an unexpected dimension, that our respondents not only used experience for “knowing” but that they performed that knowledge. Remarkably, performing was not simply enacting, but was a learning experience. This led us to propose a constructive circuit of learning by doing. The concept of performing provides an explanation that bridges conceptual gaps between experience and learning, strengthening our knowledge of entrepreneurship as socially situated by demonstrating that it is also socially learned. Although novel, it builds on and connects to much of what we already know.
Newsgames: The Use of Digital Games by Mass-Media Outlets to Convey Journalistic Messages
Authors: Gómez-García Salvador , de la Hera Conde-Pumpido Teresa
Published: June 2022

This study explores the way mass-media outlets make use of digital games to convey journalistic messages. Newsgames have been defined by several scholars in the intersection between digital journalism and game studies. However, because of the heterogeneity of this phenomenon, there is still a lack of clarity of what could be considered, or not, a newsgame. This study aims to shed light into this question by exploring how newsgames are used in practice by journalists. We therefore approach the understanding of this phenomenon from a bottom-up perspective to give an answer to the following research question: How are journalistic messages structured within newsgames published by online mass-media outlets? A grounded theory approach is used to analyze 75 games published in a total of 47 mass-media digital outlets from 17 countries. The results of this study have led to the proposal of a more systematic identification and analytical approach for newsgames.
A simplified cranial cavity model to understand the relationship between intracranial pressure and dural sinus pressure
Authors: Lee KB , Kim MH , Yoon J-T , Song Y , Kwon B , Hwang SM , Choi JH , Lee DH
Published: June 2022

Although accurate intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of severe brain diseases, current methods are performed invasively. Therefore, a safe and less invasive ICP measurement is required. The purpose of our study was to develop a simplified cranial cavity model for a better understanding of the relationship between the ICP and the pressure measurement within the dural venous sinus (DVS) to support the validity of using sinus pressure as the surrogate of the ICP. The in-house cranial cavity model had three components: the brain part, the DVS part, and the subarachnoid space (SAS) part. Pressure in other parts was measured when the pressure in the SAS part and, separately, brain part was increased from 0 (baseline) to 50 mmHg at intervals of 10 mmHg. When the pressure in the SAS part was increased from 10 to 50 mmHg at 10 mmHg interval, pressures of both the brain and DVS parts increased without significant difference (all P > 0.05). However, pressures in both the SAS and DVS parts differed while the pressure in the brain part was increased. The pressures in both parts showed about 70% of the increase in the brain part. Nevertheless, the pressures in the SAS and DVS parts were not significantly different ( P > 0.05). A simplified in-house cranial cavity model was developed consisting of three compartments to represent the actual intracranial spaces. The pressure measurement within the DVS was feasible to use as a surrogate for the ICP measurement.
A work done approach on analyzing the effects of densification parameters on tapered screw extruders
Authors: Tadese Addisu Kidanemariam
Published: June 2022

Densification is the process of compacting bulk material to increase its physical and energy density. One way of densification is by using screw extruders. Yet, sufficient theoretical studies have not been carried out on the densification parameters for a tapered screw. In this study, a mathematical model for investigating the effect of the operational parameters on a tapered screw has been studied by analyzing the work balance on the plug along the tapered screw channel. By using the taper angle, screw pitch, and barrel friction coefficients as control variables, a mathematical model for the pressure gradient, volumetric throughput, and output density was established. The velocity profile of the plug along the screw channel was measured to determine the volumetric throughput. The final model for the pressure gradient along the axial length of the screw has been approximated by Runge-Kutta fourth order approximation model in the python programing environment. From the results, an increase in screw length, screw taper angle, and barrel friction coefficient has been attributed to an increase in compaction pressure. This parameter has also changed for a [Formula: see text] tapper angle, which is primarily due to centrifugal, gravity, and frictional forces acting on the plug. Further investigation into the volumetric throughput and output density has the same effect. According to the analysis, the optimum taper angle has been identified to be between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], which yields the optimum output density without compromising the combustion property of the compacted biomass.
‘If You Move in the Same Circles as the Royals, then You’ll Get Stories About Them’: Royal Correspondents, Cultural Intermediaries and Class
Authors: Clancy Laura
Published: June 2022

This article analyses the cultural politics of the Royal Correspondent: journalists who specialise in reporting news on the British royal family. It draws on in-depth interviews with Royal Correspondents and a broader understanding of royal news production, to position Royal Correspondents as cultural intermediaries. Pierre Bourdieu described cultural intermediaries as ‘taste-makers’ with influence over the construction of, and responses to, forms of culture (1984). This cultural intermediary role is significantly classed, where it is Royal Correspondents who demonstrate the appropriate ‘capital’ (Bourdieu, 1984) who get access to the most exclusive stories. The research finds that, because of the general secrecy around royal news, Royal Correspondents rely heavily upon elite networks and contacts, a practice that produces ‘homophilic’ (Fincham, 2019) tendencies in reporting as well as a hierarchical and nepotistic structure based around those with the most exclusive access. This creates intersectional classed inequalities between those Royal Correspondents who have elite contacts and work for elite institutions, and those who do not. Such exceptionality in access to royal news means that Royal Correspondents are not necessarily disturbing the ideological bases of monarchical power. Rather, they function in service of reproducing the classed power of the monarchical institution.
Adjusting the Coordination of Parental Foodwork Practices
Authors: Torkkeli Kaisa , Mäkelä Johanna , Seitamaa-Hakkarainen Pirita
Published: June 2022

Carrying out proper food practices in family life is seen as the inherent and taken-for-granted responsibility of parents. However, the theoretically solid and comprehensive picture of coordination relating to parental food practices is missing. This study aims to map the coordination of cooking-related practices in today’s hurried family life. By applying practice theory, we employ the concept of foodwork as referring to a bundle of cooking-related practices. The coordination of foodwork is explored through material arrangements, temporal activities and interpersonal relationships in the theoretical part of the study. The empirical analysis utilises multiform qualitative data consisting of cooking videos shot by five Finnish families for one week and interviews with the families. The concept of adjustments is developed through the data analysis to provide a nuanced understanding of how parents reflectively and unreflectively integrate their foodwork into inevitable ongoing changes of everyday life. The study elaborates on the coordination of parental foodwork defining six adjustment themes: appropriateness, sequences, synchronisation, duties, significance and acceptance. Themes illustrate continuous, temporal, material and interpersonal adjustments of foodwork. As a result, the study constructs the comprehensive understanding of parental foodwork by providing novel, theoretically and empirically elaborated and interrelated concepts for future studies. The concept of foodwork and themes of adjustment enable a topical and multidimensional approach to identify and interpret the complex coordination of practices, what, for example, the change towards healthier and more sustainable cooking and eating can provoke in households and a family life.
Self-interest, transitional cosmopolitanism and the motivational problem
Authors: Brown Garrett Wallace , Hobbs Joshua
Published: June 2022

It is often argued that cosmopolitanism faces unique motivational constraints, asking more of individuals than they are able to give. This ‘motivational problem’ is held to pose a significant challenge to cosmopolitanism, as it appears unable to transform its moral demands into motivated political action. This article develops a novel response to the motivational problem facing cosmopolitanism, arguing that self-interest, alongside appeals to sentiment, can play a vital and neglected, transitional role in moving towards an expanded cosmopolitical condition. The article explicates the ‘motivational problem’, analyses the relationship between self-interest and sentimental cosmopolitanism in addressing it, and develops a series of claims that self-interest can be one important component in what we label as ‘transitional cosmopolitanism’. In doing so, we argue that self-interested motivations can be compatible with sentiment-based approaches, rendering them more plausible. In addition, two expected critiques of self-interested ‘transitional cosmopolitanism’ are tackled: (A) That it cannot address feasibility constraints, and (B) That self-interested motivations cannot meet what an ‘authentic’ cosmopolitanism entails. We refute and challenge these critiques and outline three conditions in which self-interest can advance a transitional form of cosmopolitanism, while also being compatible with cosmopolitanism writ large.
Performance of hospital administrative data for detection of sepsis in Australia: The sepsis coding and documentation (SECOND) study
Authors: Duke Graeme J , Bishara Maria , Hirth Steve , Lim Lyn-Li , Worth Leon J
Published: June 2022

Background

Sepsis is the world’s leading cause of death and its detection from a range of data and coding sources, consistent with consensus clinical definition, is desirable.

Objective

To evaluate the performance of three coding definitions (explicit, implicit, and newly proposed synchronous method) for sepsis derived from administrative data compared to a clinical reference standard.

Method

Extraction of administrative coded data from Australian metropolitan teaching hospital with 25,000 annual overnight admissions compared to clinical review of medical records; 313 (27.9%) randomly selected adult multi-day stay hospital separations from 1,123 separations with acute infection during July 2019. Estimated prevalence and performance metrics, including positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), and area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC).

Results

Clinical prevalence of sepsis was estimated at 10.7 (95% CI = 10.3–11.3) per 100 separations, and mortality rate of 11.6 (95% CI = 10.3–13.0) per 100 sepsis separations. Explicit method for case detection had high PPV (93.2%) but low NPV (55.8%) compared to the standard implicit method (74.1 and 66.3%, respectively) and proposed synchronous method (80.4% and 80.0%) compared to a standard clinical case definition. ROC for each method: 0.618 (95% CI = 0.538–0.654), 0.698 (95% CI = 0.648–0.748), and 0.802 (95% CI = 0.757–0.846), respectively.

Conclusion

In hospitalised Australian patients with community-onset sepsis, the explicit method for sepsis case detection underestimated prevalence. Implicit methods were consistent with consensus definition for sepsis, and proposed synchronous method had better performance.