bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF ADDITION OF INJECTION PLASTIC SEEDS (HDPE), QUARTZ SAND AND ADDITIVE TO CONCRETE MIXTURE
Authors: Maulana Tjatur Rahmadi , Kurniawan Fredy
Published: October 2020

Plastic material is one of many materials that are difficult to decompose naturally and require hundreds of years to decompose completely. One way to reduce the volume of plastic waste is to process or recycle it. Plastic injection seeds (HDPE) is one type of processed plastic waste (HDPE). In this study using the concrete laboratory experimental method according to SNI 03-2834-2000. There are 2 stages in this concrete research, stage 1 is concrete with variations of quartz sand (20%, 30%, and 40%) to the weight of sand and the most optimum results are obtained in concrete mix with 40% quartz sand and 3% additive (TH1 / 40-28) which is equal to 613.1 kg / cm2 in the 28 day test, an increase of 42.34% from the compressive strength of normal concrete K300 of 430.73 kg / cm2. For phase 2, concrete with a variation of quartz sand is 40% and the addition of coarse aggregates from plastic seeds (HDPE) (20%, 30% and 40%) from the weight of gravel and find the most optimal results of concrete mix with 40% quartz, plastic 20% , additive 3% (TH2 / 20-28) which is equivalent to 359.5 kg / cm2 in a 28 day test, a decrease of 41.4% from the compressive strength of concrete stage 1 quartz sand 40% (TH1 / 40-28) from 613, 1 kg / cm2.
TIME OPTIMIZATION USING CPM, PERT AND PDM METHODS IN THE SOCIAL AND DEPARTMENT OF KELAUTAN BUILDING DEVELOPMENT PROJECT GRESIK DISTRICT
Authors: Maulana Ardabil , Kurniawan Fredy
Published: October 2020

Planning a project there are many important things that affect the success and smoothness, one of which planning time implementation of the right and efficient work. The way to overcome the problem is by using several methods such as CPM (Critical Path Method), PERT (Project Evaluation and Review Teqnique), PDM (Precedence Diagram Method). From the calculation result show that the duration of project completion using CPM method is 57 weeks, project completion duration using PERT method is 78 + 7.5 weeks with the probability of achieving project completion time target is 99.87% and project completion duration using PDM method is 30 weeks. So the method that best suits the Social Service Development Project and the Office of Marine Gresik Regency is the PDM method because the PDM method is capable of producing shorter project completion periods than the CPM and PERT methods of 30 weeks.
LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE MAKING ANALYSIS USING MIXED CELLULOSE
Authors: Setyawan Nanang Budi , Kurniawan Fredy
Published: October 2020

Development era of globalization has resulted in increasing number of second-hand goods / waste that its existence can be a problem for life in the future. Many things are done in order to recycle paper cement in order to overcome this problem the existence of waste. One way is to use waste paper to be a part of the building. The purpose of this study, to determine the compressive strength and optimum density. Laboratory experimental method uses a variation of 10%, 20%, 30% and testing conducted in the form of compressive strength and density. From the test results obtained by the result of decrease in the compressive strength and density. In addition cellulose concrete mix design with variations determined that 10%, 20%, 30% resulted in a decrease in the compressive strength of concrete,
CASE STUDIES OF PRIVATE GOVERNMENT COOPERATION: PROCUREMENT OF LAND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS TOLL ROAD KRIAN – LEGUNDI – BUNDER – MANYAR
Authors: Sungkono Prasetyo Adi , Kurniawan H Fredy
Published: October 2020

One of the efforts to maintain and enhance the economic growth of a region is supported by the existence of infrastructure development. Infrastructure development in the form of a toll road could increase the potential for the development of the economy of the region through improved the smooth flow of goods and services. Toll road construction project Krian– Legundi – Bunder – Manyar areas is one of national strategic Project (PSN) that are in the shadow of the State Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) with PT. Waskita Bumi Wira as the initiator. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, i.e. by doing observation and interviews with related parties on the project construction of KLBM toll road. The results of this study are: (i) the forms of cooperation carried out in the construction of KLBM toll roads, is Build Operate Transfer (BOT); (ii) the process of acquiring the land in KLBM toll road development projects are the responsibility of PT WBW assisted by PPK Land Procurement and BPN Sidoarjo and Gresik Regency; (iii) Proceedings reversion bailouts land is done through examination by the BPKP and then verified by the LMAN and the value of payments carried out as stated in the agreement.
EFFECT OF ADDING POLYVINYL ACETATE AND COCONUT SHELL ON CONCRETE
Authors: R Vivaldi Octavianto , Kurniawan Fredy , R Diah Ayu W
Published: October 2020

Manufacture of concrete with a mixture of coconut shell and polyvinyl acetate. The material used in this study are from the coconut shell coconut waste treatment process which is crushed to a maximum size of 20 mm, whereas polyvinyl acetate condition is milky white emulsion. This study uses laboratory experiments concrete according to standards ISO 7656: 2012 for normal concrete and developed into concrete innovation. Coconut shell as a substitute for gravel with a rate of 8% and 10%, while the addition of polyvinyl acetate in the amount of 8% and 10%. At the time of fresh concrete workmanship, testing the slump test to control the workability and homogeneity. Treatment (Curing) specimen is done by covering the paper specimens with wet cement. Compressive strength testing carried out during the 28 days of the test specimen. The results obtained on the compressive strength with the highest average percentage of materials such as concrete polyvinyl acetate 8% and 8% of coconut shell Amounting to 351 kg/cm2 with an average density of 2199 kg/cm3. In each of the test object with a weight value is the quality efficiency in concrete polyvinyl acetate 8% and 8% of coconut shell.
Tinjauan Terhadap Upaya STAIN Curup Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Baca Al-Qur’an Mahasiswa
Authors: Hardivizon H , Anrial A
Published: October 2020

This study was designed to evaluate the efforts that was made by STAIN Curup in improving the ability of students to recite the Qur’an through Tahsin al-qirâ'ah courses. The goal was to determine how effective these efforts can improve the students to recite the Qur’an. This study was an evaluation which is a systematic scientific procedures that performed to measure the results of a program, whether or not the objectives planned is suitable. By collecting, analyzing and reviewing the implemention of the programs that was conducted objectively. Then formulating and defining the policy in advance to consider the positive values and benefits of the program. The informants of this study were the Head of STAIN Curup, Tahsin al-qira'ah Lecturers, and the second or third-year students. From the result of research, it was found that the efforts made by STAIN Curup to improve students’s ability to recite al-Quran by requiring first-year students took tahsin al-qiraah courses was not very effective. It was shown from the low ability of the second and third students to recite al-Quran who have passed the course. 46.6% of students had low achievement. This happened because: (1) lack of time lecturing; (2) the lack of oversight and evaluation of the program by the Head of STAIN Curup, and (3) classification of students which were not based on the ability.
Hubungan Interpersonal Skill Karyawan terhadap Minat Masyarakat Muslim Menjadi Anggota Koperasi Syari’ah
Authors: Fernandes Sisco , Hardiizon H
Published: October 2020

The interpersonal skill is an ability to identify and respond a reasonable emotion, act, behaviour, motivation and desire of human being. It is sophisticated and need-skill in routine life. In fact, no one of individu can be isolated from the others. Each others need to others. To operate it, individu must have an specific ability to understand the others. In this context, the study is elaborated through mixed-methodology, the research sucessfully find some points. One of these is that, there is, clear and significant correlation between interpersonal skill and the interest of consumers of Islamic Koperasi, Barakoh of Curup. Keywords: Interpersonal Skill, reasonable Emotion, Motivation, and Interest of Consumers.
Hakikat Bermain Peran Di Sentra Main Peran Pada Anak Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Anisyah Nur
Published: October 2020

Role-playing is a way of mastering learning materials through the development of imagination and student passion. The development and passion of the imagination is performed by students acting as a life or dead figure. This method involves a lot of students and makes them happy to learn. This learning method also has added value, which is to ensure the participation of all students and give the opportunity to cooperate successfully, so that it will cause an impression. Role-playing is a learning method as a simulated part that is geared towards creating historical events, creating actual events, or events that may arise in the future. Role-playing is one form of learning, where learners are actively involved in playing certain roles. Role-playing is something of a stage in which the player plays a specific role according to the already written play and played for entertainment purposes. Something related to education where the individual plays an imaginative situation in order to help achieve self-understanding, improve skills, demonstrate behavior to others how a person's behaviour or how one should behave. Role-playing is one of the learning tools that develops skills and understanding of the relationship between people by playing the path of parallel situations that occur in the actual life. The Learning Center's role-playing Model focuses on the child in the learning process centered around the play center and when the child is in a circle.
Meningkatkan Pengenalan Warna Melalui Finger Painting Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun di PAUD Permata Bunda Muaro Jambi
Authors: Nadila Yesika
Published: October 2020

This research is due to the undevelopment of color recognition in children seen from the time of the learning process. The purpose of this research is to improve color recognition through finger painting at the age of children 4-5 years. This type of research used class action research, with the research stage covering the preparation of the plan, implementation of action, observing and reflecting on the final outcome of the activities that have been implemented. This research focuses on children aged 4-5 years PAUD Permata Bunda Muaro Jambi which the subject of this study is a group of 15 children, consisting of 10 men and 5 women. Research is conducted in 2 cycles. Each cycle is 4 times the meeting. Data on research results are analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. Data analysis techniques are obtained through the filling of the orservation sheet of observations that form field records and documentation. The results showed that there was an increase in color recognition through finger painting activities in PAUD Permata Bunda Muaro Jambi, namely: from the preview only 20.67% of children know the color, The first Cycle 1st meeting  25.33%, first Cycle second meeting 35.33%, first Cycle in third meeting 46% and first Cycle 4th meeting 47.33%. In the second cycle the increase in color recognition of children already showed the first meeting 58%, the second cycle of the second meeting 68%, the second cycle of the 3rd meeting 80.67%, the end of second cycle of the 4th meeting  90% achieved the criteria of the value of the compensation is 90%. The 4th meeting reached 90%.
Peran Orang Tua di Era Digital
Authors: Amrillah H. M. Taufik , Rahmaningtyas Amanah , Hartati Meri , Agustin Gladis
Published: October 2020

This article discusses the role of parents in the digital age. The digital Era is characterized by the presence of technology, where there is an increase in the speed and flow of knowledge turnover in the economy and community life. Parents who are part of the information society cannot avoid that children in the digital age never escape from objects related to technology. The increase of digital technology in children's developmental life invaded many development phases that the child should achieve. Technology makes their lives faster (instant) and more efficient. Entertainment technologies such as television, internet, video games, iPod, iPad, and others have grown so rapidly that it makes a family hardly aware of the significant impact and lifestyle changes in their families. The education undertaken anciently differed from today's education. As new knowledge and technologies and cultural shifts are caused by thought patterns that are influenced by information obtained in a very easy way. It is demanding that parents always update/upgrade their knowledge in order to give direction to their children in a wise way. Parents need to accompany to avoid unwanted things so that the concern of parents and educators of early childhood in the digital age is the importance of the introduction of religious values, local wisdom, so as to fortify the child from global influences.
Menumbuhkan Fitrah Keimanan (Kajian Konsep Fitrah Based Education)
Authors: Putra Muksal Mina , Andani Fidhia , Fransiska Jeni , Hairani Putri
Published: October 2020

This article aims to present the concept of fitrah faith and its development methods according to the study of fitrah based education integrated by Harry Santosa. This type of research is library research research that examines the text and analyzes it to be presented descriptively to gain meaning. The results showed that methods to cultivate faith fitrah according to the study of fitrah based education concept can be done by (1) building an atmosphere of keshalihan, and (2) exemplary. Building an atmosphere of piecy is meant to foster a positive image of the child about God, the Apostle, and Religion, so that the fitrah of his faith grows. While the motto of exemplary can be done by the technique of telling the exemplary stories of prophets, companions, the beauty of heaven and goodness.
Validez de contenido de lineamientos de ejercicio físico para mujeres embarazadas
Authors: Castellanos Garrido Adriana Lucía
Published: October 2020

Introducción: La prescripción del ejercicio físico en mujeres embarazadas es una de las recomendaciones que mayores beneficios fisiológicos y psicosociales trae a la mujer y al niño. Objetivo: Determinar la validez de contenido del documento lineamientos de ejercicio físico para mujeres embarazadas 2018. Método: Estudio descriptivo. Valoración de contenido del documento “Lineamientos de ejercicio físico en mujeres embarazadas” con la técnica de juicio de expertos”. Resultados: se encontró un índice Kappa para la suficiencia y claridad con un grado de concordancia de 0,59 (moderado); para coherencia y relevancia un grado de concordancia 0,67 y 0,77 (sustancial), para pertinencia un grado de concordancia de 0,83 (casi perfecto). Conclusiones: El documento “Lineamientos de ejercicio físico en mujeres embarazadas” es válido para ser aplicado por profesionales de fisioterapia dedicados a la atención de población gestante. Los profesionales contarán con una herramienta basada en evidencia científica que incluye una fase de examen y una fase de intervención.
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan untuk Budidaya Pisang di Jawa Barat Selatan
Authors: Sara Dirga Sapta , Herdiansyah Ganjar , Nuraini Anne , Ismail Ade , Suminar Erni
Published: October 2020

Peningkatan kualitas pisang di Provinsi Jawa Barat bagian selatan terkendala kurangnya data kesesuaian lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian lahan untuk pengembangan pisang dan mengevaluasi cara budidaya di lima Kabupaten Jawa Barat Selatan. Peta ketinggian tempat, peta kontur dan peta jenis tanah digunakan u tuk menentukan titik pengambilan sampel tanah. Survei lapangan untuk mengamati karakteristik sifat fisik tanah meliputi struktur, drainase, erosi, tekstur, dan kedalaman efektif perakaran, serta kondisi fisiografis yaitu ketinggian dan kelerengan. Sifat kimia tanah meliputi KTK-liat, C-Organik, tekstur, dan pH tanah. Data sifat fisik dan kimia tanah dikelompokkan untuk mendapatkan kelas keseuaian lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian lahan aktual untuk pengembangan pisang di Jawa Barat Selatan memiliki kriteria S1 (sesuai), S2 (cukup sesuai), S3 (sesuai marginal) dan N1 (tidak sesuai pada saat ini) dengan factor pembatas yang dominan adalah temperatur, ketersediaan air dan lereng. Kesesuaian lahan yang memiliki kriteria N (tidak sesuai untuk saat ini) dengan faktor pembatas kemiringan lereng lebih dari 40%. Perbaikan lahan melalui pemberian pupuk, perbaikan irigasi dan drainase serta pembuatan teras disarankan untuk meningkatkan nilai  kesesuaian lahan.Kata kunci: budidaya pisang, evaluasi lahan, kesesuaian lahan, jawa barat
Serangan Hama Pada Tegakan Ekaliptus (Eucalyptus alba) di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Gunung Nona Kota Ambon
Authors: Latumahina Fransina S. , Lihawa Mohamad
Published: October 2020

ABSTRAKEkaliptus (Eucaliptus alba) dalam Hutan Lindung Gunung Nona berperan sebagai tanaman pelindung dari erosi dan banjir yang sering terjadi dalam kawasan, namun dalam dasawarsa terakhir keberaadaan tegakan Ekaliptus mengalami tekanan akibat serangan hama dengan tingkat kerusakan yang tinggi akibatnya tutupan kawasan dengan tanaman ini menjadi berkurang. Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui jenis hama, intensitas kerusakan dan luas serangan hama pada tegakan Eucalyptus alba di kawasan Hutan Lindung Gunung Nona Kota Ambon dengan menggunakan metode survey dengan intensitas sampling sebebesar 10% pada 20 pohon sampel. Pengamatan dilakukan pada tegakan Ekaliptus tingkat pohon dari akar hingga daun dengan melihat gejala dan tanda – tanda serangan hama. Hasil Penelitian menemukan tiga jenis hama yakni Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera sp). Intensitas kerusakan tertinggi akibat serangan hama pada tanaman Ekaliptus dalam  Hutan Lindung Gunung Nona Kota Ambon akibat serangan Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera sp) sebesar 72,37% tergolong kriteria berat, Ulat Jengkal (Hyposidra talaca) sebesar 19,22% dan tergolong kriteria sedang dan Rayap Tanah (Macrotermes Gilvus Hagen) sebesar 7,09% tergolong kriteria ringan.  Luas serangan yang ditimbulkan akibat serangan ketiga jenis hama ini yakni Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera Sp) sebesar 67,7% tergolong kriteria berat, Ulat Jengkal (Hyposidra talaca) sebesar 40,9% tergolong kreiteria sedang dan Rayap Tanah (Macrotermes Gilvus Hagen) sebesar 15,9% tergolong kriteria ringan.Kata Kunci : Eucapliptus alba, , Intensitas serangan, luas serangan
Kinerja Alat Penyulingan Minyak Atsiri Limbah Industri Sirup Kalamansi Skala Kecil Dengan Metode Steam Distillation
Authors: Tutuarima Tuti , Antara Yazid I
Published: October 2020

Byproducts in the form of orange peel produced from the kalamansi orange syrup industry are among the problems to the surrounding environment due to its unpleasant aroma. The utilization of waste processed into essential oil can increase the product's added value and increase income for the kalamansi orange syrup industry. Efforts to produce kalamansi oil with a high yield level will be made through the design and testing method of direct steam (steam distillation). This study was aimed to test the performance of simple distillation tools for byproducts from the kalamansi syrup industry using the steam distillation method. Small scale equipment with a capacity of 8 kg kalamansi peel was applied in this research. Parameters such as yield, conversion rate, and cooling water temperature were observed to determine the tool's performance. The results showed that a yield obtained was 0.33% with the distillate flow rate of 127.2 mL/min. This flow rate was considered very high and caused the obtained yield less than optimal. Therefore, further research is needed to test the use of a distillate flow rate to optimize yield.

Keywords: essential oil, kalamansi, small-scale, steam distillation

 

ABSTRAK

Keberadaan limbah kulit yang dihasilkan dari pengrajin sirup jeruk kalamansi merupakan salah satu masalah karena aroma yang tidak sedap dan mengganggu lingkungan di sekitarnya. Pemanfaatan limbah menjadi minyak atsiri dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah produk serta meningkatkan pendapatan bagi pengrajin sirup jeruk kalamansi. Upaya untuk menghasilkan minyak kalamansi dengan tingkat rendemen yang tinggi akan dilakukan melalui perancangan dan pengujian alat penyulingan metode uap langsung (steam distillation). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji kinerja alat penyulingan minyak limbah industri sirup jeruk kalamansi yang sederhana untuk skala kecil menggunakan metode penyulingan uap. Alat penyuling ini merupakan peralatan yang digunakan untuk skala kecil dengan kapasitas 8 kg limbah jeruk kalamansi. Pengujian kinerja alat meliputi: rendemen, laju penyulingan, dan suhu air pendingin. Hasil uji kinerja alat menunjukkan jumlah rendemen yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 0,33 % dengan laju alir destilat berkisar 127,2 mL/menit. Laju alir destilat yang dihasilkan ini masih sangat tinggi. Hal ini pula yang menyebabkan perolehan rendemen belum optimal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian selanjutnya adalah melakukan pengujian terhadap penggunaan laju alir destilat untuk mengoptimalkan perolehan rendemen.

Kata kunci: kalamansi, penyulingan uap, minyak atsiri, skala kecil
Analisis Nilai Proksimat Kulit Buah Pisang Tongka Langit (Musa troglodytarum L.) Pada Beberapa Tingkat Kematangan Buah
Authors: Sahertian Dece E , Wakano Deli , Telussa Tati
Published: October 2020

The nutritional content of banana fruit peel is complete, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin B, vitamin C, and water. These nutrients can be used as a source of energy and antibodies to the human body. A significant amount of banana peel will result from the home industry and factory when the banana is processed. The peel's ratio to the flesh of the banana is 1.2:1.6. Hence it should be considered for its further utilization. If the peel is not utilized correctly, it will be a source of pollutants. This study aimed to determine the proximate value of the tongka langit banana peel fruit at several maturity stages. The results showed that the tongka langit banana's unripe peel had a protein, fat, and carbohydrate content of 0.49%, 1.33%, and 3.23%.  At the physiologically ripen stage, the peel had a protein value of 0.62%, fat of 1.68%, and carbohydrate of 3.23%, while for the peel of ripening fruit had a protein value of 0.86%, fat of 1.80%, and carbohydrate of 4.88%. The more ripen is the tongka langit banana fruit, the higher was the protein, fat, and carbohydrate content of the peel.

Keywords: maturity fruit level, peel fruit, tongka langit banana

 

ABSTRAK

Kandungan gizi kulit buah pisang cukup lengkap, seperti karbohidrat, lemak, protein, kalsium, fosfor, zat besi, vitamin B, vitamin C dan air. Unsur-unsur gizi inilah yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber energi dan antibodi bagi tubuh manusia. Pengolahan daging buah pisang sebagai produk olahan makanan pada industri rumahan maupun pabrik, dan tentu saja dari hasil produksi ini akan meninggalkan kulit buah pisang yang sangat banyak. Dengan jumlah produksi dan konsumsi buah pisang yang banyak akan menghasilkan kulit buah pisang yang banyak pula. Perbandingan antara kulit dan daging adalah 1,2 : 1,6 sehingga perlu dipikirkan pemanfaatannya. Kulit buah pisang yang tidak dimanfaatkan dan diberdayakan dengan benar akan menjadi sumber pencemar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai proksimat kulit buah pisang tongka langit (Musa troglodytarum L.) pada beberapa tingkat kematangan buah. Hasil yang dicapai adalah pada kulit buah pisang tongka langit mentah memiliki nilai protein sebesar 0,49%, lemak sebesar 1,33% dan karbohidrat sebesar 3,23%. Pada kulit buah pisang tongka langit mengkal memiliki kandungan protein sebesar 0,62%, lemak sebesar 1,68% dan karbohidrat sebesar 3,23%, sedangkan untuk kulit buah pisang tongka langit matang memiliki kandungan protein sebesar 0,86%, lemak 1,80% dan karbohidrat sebesar 4,88%. Semakin matang buah pisang tongka langit, maka kandungan proksimat (protein, lemak dan karbohidrat) juga semakin tinggi.

Kata Kunci: kulit buah, pisang tongka langit, tingkat kematangan buah
Pengaruh Populasi Mikroba pada Re-fermentasi terhadap Kualitas Biji Kakao Tanpa Fermentasi
Authors: Apriyanto Mulono , Riono Yoyon , Rujiah Rujiah
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of microbial populations on the quality of the cocoa beans produced. This research used unfermented cocoa beans and was then referenced by adding inoculum. Three fermentation techniques were applied in this research. First, control (A0), without the addition of inoculum. Second, S. cerevisiae inoculum (FNCC 3056), L. lactis (FNC 0086), and A. aceti (FNCC 0016), each around 108 cfu / g is given simultaneously at the beginning of fermentation (A1). Third, the gradual administration of S. cerevisiae inoculum (FNCC 3056) at the beginning of fermentation, L. lactis (FNC 0086) at 24 hours, and A. aceti (FNCC 0016) at 48 hours with the same microbial population as the second treatment (A3). Fermentation was carried out for five days. The results showed that after being rehydrated as much as 50% weight of the produced dried material, the cocoa beans' composition could be used as a fermentation substrate. The highest population of S. cerevisiae, L. lactis, and A. aceti from three treatments was observed at 24, 48, and 72 hours of fermentation.

Keywords: cocoa beans quality, inoculum, re-fermentation, unfermented

 

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh populasi mikroba terhadap kualitas biji kakao yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan biji kakao yang tidak difermentasi dan kemudian direferensikan dengan penambahan inokulum. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan adalah sebagai berikut fermentasi biji kakao dengan 3 variasi teknik fermentasi yaitu perlakuan pertama (A0) tanpa penambahan inokulum (kontrol), kedua (A1) menggunakan inokulum S. cerevisiae (FNCC 3056), L. lactis (FNC 0086) dan A. aceti (FNCC 0016), masing-masing sekitar 108 cfu/g diberikan secara bersamaan pada awal fermentasi, ketiga (A2) pemberian bertahap inokulum S. cerevisiae (FNCC 3056) pada awal fermentasi, L. lactis (FNC 0086) pada 24 jam dan A. aceti (FNCC 0016) pada 48 jam dengan populasi mikroba sama dengan perlakuan kedua. Fermentasi dilakukan selama 5 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah direhidrasi sebanyak 50% dari berat bahan yang dihasilkan komposisi biji kakao dapat digunakan sebagai substrat fermentasi. Populasi S. cerevisiae, L. lactis dan A. aceti tertinggi dari tiga perlakuan pada 24, 48 dan 72 jam fermentasi.

Kata kunci: inokulum, kualitas, re-fermentasi, tanpa fermentasi
Identifikasi komponen dan Uji Potensi Anti Jamur Minyak Atsiri Serai Dapur (Cympobogon citratus) Terhadap Jamur Penghasil Aflatoksin
Authors: Yanti Rini , Nurdiawati Hermina , Cahyanto Muhammad N , Pranoto Yudi
Published: October 2020

Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus are food spoilage fungi and produce aflatoxin that causes serious food safety problems. The antifungal agent is needed to control these fungi. This study aimed to determine the component of lemongrass essential oil and to test the oil’s ability to inhibit the growth of A. flavus and A. parasiticus. Five variations in the concentration of lemongrass oil were tested separately on A. flavus and A. parasiticus and, fungal growth was observed for 7 days. The results of the identification of the essential oil components using GC-MS showed that lemongrass essential oil has the main components of citral (53.77%) and z-citral (34.05%). Lemongrass essential oil with various concentrations (0.01%; 0.02%; 0.04% and 0.08%) showed the ability to inhibit the growth of A. flavus and A. parasiticus and the concentration of 0.08% indicated that lemongrass oil could inhibit the growth of both fungi for 100% during 7 days of observation.

Keywords: antifungal, aflatoxin, citral, essential oil, lemongrass oil

 

ABSTRAK

Aspergillus flavus dan A. parasiticus merupakan jamur yang banyak ditemukan mengkontaminasi pangan. Kedua jamur tersebut menghasilkan aflatoksin, yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia, sehingga diperlukan anti-jamur untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen minyak atsri serai (Cymbopogon citratus) dan menguji kemampuan minyak tersebut sebagai penghambat pertumbuhan A. flavus dan A. parasiticus. Lima variasi konsentrasi minyak serai diujikan secara terpisah pada A. flavus dan A. parasiticus dan dilakukan pengamatan pertumbuhan jamur selama 7 hari. Hasil identifikasi komponen minyak atsiri menggunakan GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsri serai memiliki komponen utama citral (53,77%) dan z-citral (34,05%). Minyak atsiri serai dengan berbagai konsentrasi (0,01%; 0,02%; 0,04% dan 0,08%) menunjukkan kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan A. flavus dan A. parasiticus dan konsentrasi 0,08 % menunjukkan bahwa minyak serai mampu menghambat pertumbuhan kedua jamur sebesar 100 % selama 7 hari pengamatan

Kata kunci: antijamur, aflatoksin, minyak atsiri, minyak serai, sitral
Pengaruh Penambahan Sodium Tripoly-Phospahate Terhadap Karakteristik Tepung Buru Hotong (Setaria italica L Beauv.) Fosfat
Authors: Breemer Rachel , Sigmarlatu Trisonda , Polnaya Febby J
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to characterize phosphate-modified buru hotong flour modified used sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Buru hotong flour was phosphorylated at 45°C with STPP concentration of 10, 15.20, and 25% for 30 minutes. Observations were conducted on the physicochemical properties of native buru hotong flour and its derivatives, including phosphorus levels, degree of substitution (DS), moisture content, ash content, swelling power, solubility, and amylose content. The results showed that the phosphorus content of buru hotong phosphate flour increased (0.023-0.077%) with the DS ranged between 0.001-0.004. Phosphorus and DS levels indicated the substitution of phosphate groups. Substituted phosphate groups increased the moisture content (6.92-10.23%), ash content (0.37-0.84%), swelling power (10.16-15.63%), solubility (29.22-46.2%), and amylose content (26.29-29.37%) of buru hotong phosphate flour compared with native flour. The characteristics of phosphate hotong flour were different from their native. The higher the concentration of STPP, all of the variables were increases.
Keywords: sodium tripolyphosphate, buru hotong phosphate flour, physicochemical properties
 
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi tepung buru hotong fosfat yang dimodifikasi dengan menggunakan sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Tepung buru hotong difosforilasi pada suhu 45oC dengan konsentrasi STPP 10, 15, 20 dan 25% selama 30 menit. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap sifat fisiko-kimia tepung buru hotong alami dan derivatnya, meliputi kadar fosfor, derajat substitusi (DS), kadar air, kadar abu, daya gelembung, daya larut, dan kadar amilosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar fosfor tepung buru hotong fosfat meningkat (0,023-0,077%) dengan kisaran DS antara 0,001-0,004. Kadar fosfor dan DS menunjukkan terjadinya substitusi gugus fosfat. Tersubstitusinya gugus fosfat menyebabkan meningkatnya kadar air (6,92-10,23%), kadar abu (0,37-0,84%), daya gelembung (10,16-15,63%), daya larut (29,22-46,2%) dan kadar amilosa (26,29-29,37%) tepung buru hotong fosfat dibandingkan dengan tepung buru hotong alami. Karakteristik tepung buru hotong fosfat berbeda dengan tepung alaminya. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi STPP maka setiap peubah yang dialami mengalami peningkatan.
Kata kunci: Sodium tripolyphosphate, tepung buru hotong fosfat, sifat-sifat fisiko-kimia
ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN PT ARWANA CITRA MULIA TBK
Authors: Seleky Roy
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine and examine the financial performance achievements of PT. Arwana Citra Mulia Tbk. The analysis used is a quantitative descriptive analysis method where the analysis of financial ratios is used to detect financial performance achievements which are then interpreted in order to obtain the achievement of the company's financial performance achievements. PT Arwana Citra Mulia Tbk's financial performance has tended to be educational, where in 2014 year 2015 the analysis of the company's financial performance has decreased. 2016 began to move up to the end of the analysis, which is 2017. Which experienced a slight condition is the achievement of working capital turnover in 2014 to 2015, but after that decreased very dramatically. Based on the results of this financial ratio analysis, it was concluded that the financial performance of PT. Arwana Citra Mulia Tbk. Fluctuating with the best performance in 2015 and 2016 alone. Keyword: Financial Statement => Analysis => Financial Performances Keuangan
ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, PROMOSI DAN DESAIN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN SMARTPHONE SAMSUNG DI KOTA AMBON
Authors: Tabelessy Walter
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of product quality, promotion and design on the purchasing decisions of Samsung Smartphones in Ambon City. The population in this study is Samsung Smartphone consumers in Ambon. The sample used was 100 respondents with accidental sampling technique. Data collection techniques with questionnaires, while data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analysis. From the F test results it is known that the regression model is feasible to measure the purchasing decisions of Samsung smartphones to consumers in Ambon City. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis of the t test, the results show that product quality, promotion and design have a significant effect on the purchasing decision of Samsung Ambon City Smartphones. Keywords: Product Quality, Promotion, Design, Purchasing Decisions
THE ABILITY OF THE SECOND YEAR STUDENTS OF SMK NEGERI NIBAAF IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT
Authors: Kabosu Florida Tay , Kamlasi Imanuel
Published: October 2020

Abstract:In this research discussed about how the students the ability writing narrative text of the personal narrative tex in the story. This study aims to answer the problems: have the students mastered to write narrative text. What aspect writing of narrative text is still difficult for them to master to write. To what level is their ability on writing narrative text categorized. In this study, the writer use descriptive qualitative method and the way to get the data, the writer use the writing test. The populations of this study is the second grand students of SMK Negeri Nibaaf in the school year 2019/2020 consisting of class XII TRRH 21 students, but only 10 students were choosen as sample of this study. The result of finding show that the second ability in composing narrative writing with the instrument given is categorized good. It is SMK Negeri Nibaaf have abilities in composing a good narrative writing. It can be seen from the averange score of content is 4,1 vocabulary is 3,6 and language use is 3,8. After analized the data and got the result, the are some conclusion are all the students have mastered narrative writing. on the basic of the averange score good, vocabulary is difficult part of aspect of narrative writing. the students level of mastery is categorized good. It is based on the data that there are 4 of 10 on this level of mastery. Therefore, the second students of SMK Negeri Nibaaf have mastered in writing.Keywords: Ability, writing, narrative.
DAMPAK RELOKASI PASAR TERHADAP EKONOMI PEDAGANG IKAN (STUDI KASUS: PASAR IKAN MODERN MUARA BARU, DKI JAKARTA)
Authors: Yasmin Muthia Virna , Sapanli Kastana
Published: October 2020

Rencana  pemerintah dalam mempercepat pembangunan industri perikanan nasional membuat pemerintah membangun pasar ikan modern di Muara Baru yang menyebabkan pedagang ikan PPI Muara Baru direlokasi ke pasar tersebut. Tujuan  penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi fisik ekonomi pedagang ikan sebelum dan setelah direlokasi, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesediaan pedagang ikan untuk direlokasi, menganalisis  perbandingan kondisi ekonomi pedagang ikan sebelum dan sesudah relokasi serta menganalisis sistem kelembagaan di PIM Muara Baru. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deksriptif, analisis regresi logistik, analisis pendapatan, dan analisis kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa relokasi menyebabkan perubahan kondisi fisik ekonomi pada pedagang ikan seperti keanggotaan KUSUKA, kondisi lingkungan, keadaan pasar, jumlah tenaga kerja (anak buah), total berat ikan dan jumlah penyewaan bak. Faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi kesediaan pedagang ikan untuk direlokasi yaitu bantuan pemerintah, kondisi lingkungan, serta koordinasi antara pemerintah dan pedagang ikan dalam rencana relokasi Perubahan kondisi ekonomi yang terjadi kepada pedagang ikan yaitu berupa penurunan pendapatan sebesar Rp 86.707.566.000 per bulan dengan persentase sebesar 61%. Terdapat tiga aturan main dalam pengelolaan PIM Muara Baru antara lain, pengelolaan pasar ikan modern; penyewaan dan tarif lapak; dan pembangunan pasar ikan modern.
PENGARUH PADAT TEBAR BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN IKAN BOTIA INDIA (Botia lohachata) PADA WADAH YANG BERSHELTER
Authors: Fauzan Dzukran , Mumpuni Fia Sri , Mulyana Mulyana
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui padat penebaran berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan ikan Botia lohachata menggunakan shelter. Kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan panjang, pertumbuhan bobot, dan penggunaan pakan diamati selama 21 hari pemeliharaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi 1 (padat tebar 2 ekor menggunakan shelter 2 tingkat), 2 (padat tebar 3 ekor menggunakan shelter 2 tingkat), dan 3 (padat tebar 4 ekor menggunakan shelter 2 tingkat). Hasil analisis ragam memperlihatkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang nyata (P<0,05) pada pengamatan tingkat kelangsungan hidup serta pada pengamatan efisiensi pakan, dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tertinggi ikan dengan nilai 84,33% dan terendah 77,77%. Nilai efisiensi pakan pada ikan botia mengalami hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata. Hasil analisis ragam memperlihatkan perlakuan perbedaan padat tebar pada ikan Botia lohachata menggunakan shelter mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ikan.
New aspects of power grid facilities personnel workplaces electromagnetic environment
Authors: Rubtsova Nina B. , Perov Sergey Yu. , Belaya Olga V. , Konshina Tatiana A.
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Electromagnetic safety of power grid facilities staff requires the exclusion of electromagnetic fields (EMF) harmful effects. EMF is evaluated by 50 Hz electric and magnetic fields (EF and MF) values in the framework of working conditions special assessment, and very rarely the analysis of the electromagnetic environment (EME) is carried out in depth. The aim of the study - EME hygienic assessment of power grid EHV facilities personnel workplace with adequate 50 Hz EF and MF levels evaluation as well as the analysis of EF and MF in the frequency range from 5 Hz to 500 Hz amplitude-frequency characteristics. Materials and methods. 50 Hz EF and MF values assessment was carried out on open switchgears (S) of substations and within sanitary breaks of 500 and 750 kV overhead power transmission lines (OTL). Measurements along to OTL trasses was performed using matrix-based method. Measurements and analysis of EF and MF values in 5-500 Hz frequency range amplitude-frequency characteristics were performed in the territory of 500 and 750 kV S. Results. Power frequency 50 Hz measurements results at 500 and 750 kV S ground-level personnel workplaces showed the presence of an excess of permissible limit values by EF intensity and the absence of an excess by MF. The measured EF values within 500 and 750 kV OTL sanitary gaps require limiting the working time of linemen due to the excess of the hygienic norms for full work shift, while the MP levels were almost completely within the standard values for persons not occupationally connected with electrical installations maintenance. MF and EE frequency range from 50 Hz to 500 Hz spectral characteristics analysis showed that 3rd harmonic percentage does not exceed 2.5% for EF and 6% for MF of the main level, the level of the 5th harmonic does not exceed 1% for EF and 3.5% for MF, the level of the 7th harmonic does not exceed 0.2% for EF and 0.8% for MF. These data show despite its low levels the contribution of MF different harmonics in a possible adverse impact on humane than EF corresponding harmonics. Conclusions. There was the confirmation of the previously justified use of the "matrix" scheme for of EF and MF values measurement along OTL routes. The relevance of to EF and MF all frequency components expos ure assessing possible health risk in extremely high voltage S territories and under OTL, based on international recommendations due to the lack of sanitary regulations in the Russian Federation for >50 Hz-30 kHz EF and MF, is shown.
Comparative physiological and hygienic assessment of personal protective equipment properties in various configurations from power frequency electric field
Authors: Burmistrova Olga V. , Perov Sergey Yu. , Konshina Tatyana A.
Published: October 2020

Modern working conditions of employees can be characterized by the presence of harmful factors of the working environment, including physical factors that often have a complex effect on the human body during the working shift. One of the main harmful factors of the working environment for electrical personnel is the electric field of industrial frequency, which is protected by personal protective equipment (shielding kits), which exerts an additional thermal load on the body of personnel when working outdoors in the summer. The aim of the study was a comprehensive assessment of personal protective equipment of various configurations and their impact on the thermal state of a person in a heating environment to select the optimal configuration. The objects of study were screening suits consisted of overalls, jacket and trousers, jacket and semi-overall. For screening suits protective properties test the possible working conditions were simulated power frequency electric field levels from 5 to 80 kV/m (grounding) and 10-100 kV/m (on wire potential). The physiological and hygienic assessment of personal protective equipment involved 3 male volunteers. Their body constitution was selected according to typical differences of workers. Volunteers dressed in screening suit had physical activity at air temperature 34.8±0.3°C, relative humidity 48.0±3.0% and air mobility 0.15 m/s. Before and during the study parameters were recorded: skin temperature on 11 parts of body surface, clothes temperature, heart rate, body temperature in the ear canal, points of heat and moisture sensation and moisture loss was determined after the study. Before physical activity and after recovery period volunteers were measured blood pressure. Studies of the protective properties of three sets of personal protective equipment have shown that the best protective characteristics in comparison with the other sets have a jacket and half - overalls, the worst - a jacket and trousers. The results of the physiological and hygienic evaluation of screening kits showed individual differences in the thermoregulatory reactions of all volunteers when using different sets of personal protective equipment. At the same time, large amounts of heat accumulation in the body, a high heart rate and its change, as well as a higher moisture perception score were observed during the operation of the jumpsuit. As a result of research, the optimal configuration was chosen jacket and half-overalls, which has a moderate thermal load on the human body and has the best protective characteristics. From the point of view of the lowest voltage of thermoregulation reactions, it can be recommended to use a shielding kit as part of jacket and trousers.
Gender differences in subjective representations about artificial bilingualism
Authors: Rafikova Antonina , Voronin Anatoly
Published: October 2020

Many
studies have been devoted to bilingualism but issue of subjective representations about
bilingualism has been little explored. The present study examined the results
of the psychosemantic research of men’s and
women’s subjective representations
about people associated with the foreign language (FL) learning process, in
other words, artificial bilingual (AB) development. The original method of Specific
semantic differential was used to study and reconstruct the system of meanings
that underlie the interpersonal perception of people included in the FL
learning process. Results showed that the semantic spaces of subjective representations about people
associated with the FL learning process, have the same dimension, but differ
in content: semantic space for males is based on factors “authority –
ordinariness”, “unpleasant – agreeable” and “courage – caution”; for females –
“enthusiasm – apathy”, “unpleasant – agreeable” and “modesty – arrogance”. The
novelty of the study lies in the use of the pool data method as a method for
comparing factors of the structures of two samples, which allows us to identify
gender differences in interpersonal perception: males perceive people included
in the FL learning process as more active, responsible, mobile and hardworking,
females - as more level-headed, indifferent and distant.
Pembinaan TKA/TPA AL-AMIN
Authors: putri Eka
Published: October 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus adalah salah satu kegiatan perkuliahan yang wajib dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa
PEMBAGIAN MASKER DI PASAR GANTINGA, DESA BONTOMATE, KEC. TURATEA
Authors: Rahayu
Published: October 2020

Kuliah Kerja Lapang Plus (KKLP) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat dalam waktu tertentu. oleh karena, sifatnya intrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi di perguruan tinggi pada suatu program strata satu (SI) harus mengikuti KKLP.
The NCK associated protein 5, NCKAP5, is differentially expressed in non-small cell lung cancer and associates with patient survival.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2020

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States (1). We mined published microarray data (2, 3, 4) to identify differentially expressed genes in NSCLC. We found that the gene encoding the NCK associated protein 5, NCKAP5, was among those whose expression was most different in human NSCLC tumors as compared to the lung. NCKAP5 expression levels were significantly decreased in NSCLC tumors as compared to the lung, and lower expression of NCKAP5 in patient tumors was significantly associated with worse overall survival. NCKAP5 may be important for initiation or progression of non-small cell lung cancer in humans.
CONTAINMENT AMERIKA SERIKAT TERHADAP FENOMENA RISE OF CHINA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HEGEMONI REALISME BY ARI ARSENO
Authors: Ahmad Abdul
Published: October 2020

This paper explains about the United States’ containment strategy towardChina, the argue that the United States’ strategy of containment aimsto contain the China’s rise phenomenon. After the Cold War, China hasdeveloped as a powerful country which has capability to threaten theUnited States’ ‘sole hegemon’ status. Containment is the chosen strategy tokeep Washington at the top of the hierarchy of international system. Theauthor divide this paper into three sections, the first show the relationsthe United States builds to make containment works. Then in the sectiontwo, the author explain the United States’ containment strategy withJohn Mearsheimer’s offensive realism theory. The last section, I end thispaper with conclusion that consists of important points of the paper.