bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Da Profundidade ao Contra-Senso: O Conceito de Contra-Senso na Estratégia de Dissolução de Problemas Filosóficos
Authors: Silva Giovane Rodrigues
Published: August 2018

A exposição do presente artigo deve passar pela apresentação da justificativa que Wittgenstein oferece para a atribuição de contra-senso a determinadas expressões de nossa linguagem. Para tanto, o caminho escolhido foi o da apresentação do seu conceito de filosofia, tentando ponderar sobre as exigências metodológicas que uma investigação filosófica livre dos preconceitos e confusões da filosofia tradicional deve contemplar. Ao fim da apresentação dessa concepção de filosofia, espero mostrar como a denúncia de que proposições filosóficas que pretendem “explicar” qual é a essência das coisas e do funcionamento da linguagem que não fazem sentido é o limite de um método que pretende fazer com que os problemas filosóficos desapareçam completamente. Em seguida, formularei algumas considerações sobre a noção de contra-senso, indicando a centralidade desse conceito para a compreensão de que tipo de lógica está em operação nas “Investigações Filosóficas”.
Jaime I, a Conspiração da Pólvora e o Pensamento Político Moderno
Authors: Issa Pedro Henrique R. de O.
Published: August 2018

A célebre cantilena inglesa que versa sobre o 5 de novembro acusa um episódio novelesco da história da Inglaterra. A vilania nacional de Guy Fawkes foi consagrada pela malograda empresa de explodir o Parlamento inglês em 1605, conluio este que serviu de pretexto para a demonização radical dos católicos no país. A empreitada foi chamada de Conspiração da Pólvora, e sua implicação direta foi o Juramento de Fidelidade de Jaime I, que exigia que se prestasse obediência ao rei. Advém um debate questionando até que ponto o texto não induzia a uma ab-rogação da fé católica e adesão ao anglicanismo, controvérsia que deixaria seu legado para o pensamento político moderno.
Sexo em Colônia: Um ensaio sobre a atração Inter-Racial Brasileira durante o período colonial.
Authors: Cardoso Ricardo
Published: August 2018

O ensaio trata de estudar um tipo de atração sexual constitutiva da miscigenação brasileira na época colonial: a inter-racial. O material usado é baseado nos registros feitos pela Igreja em visitações eclesiásticas, como as do Tribunal do Santo Ofício, e nas pesquisas de alguns historiadores. A ideia é mostrar a variabilidade da vida na Colônia e a fugacidade das relações que refletiam a não adequação de um modelo cultural europeu nos trópicos.
As Relações entre Teoria Crítica e Psicanálise
Authors: Assis Frederico Souza de Queiroz
Published: August 2018

O artigo tem o objetivo de identificar como se inter-relacionam duas correntes teóricas de grande influência acadêmica, designadamente as formuladas por Karl Marx e Sigmund Freud, apresentando seus eixos temáticos e autores principais. Cabe observar como a teoria crítica – em particular a desenvolvida pela Escola de Frankfurt – apropria-se de um aparato de categorias psicanalíticas para explicar fenômenos socioeconômicos relevantes para a doutrina marxista, atentando para as suas variações conceituais, não raro, como decorrência de transformações histórico-estruturais.
A Memória Como Forma de Justiça no Pensamento de Paul Ricoeur e Tzvetan Todorov
Authors: Mattar Rita
Published: August 2018

O artigo procura mostrar que a memória não se confunde com a história, ainda que ambas resguardem em comum a problemática da representação de um objeto ausente. Diante desta distinção, procura evidenciar a força e a fragilidade específicas da memória, ambas se realizando num plano eminentemente político, no qual se entrevê uma clara dimensão moral, preocupada não apenas com a busca da verdade, mas com o uso a ser feito de uma dada narrativa memorial. É esta segunda dimensão prática que, abrindo espaço para a analogia e generalização, procura resgatar o discurso memorial de seu ponto de partida multiculturalista. Apresenta-se assim uma via de universalização do particular que supera a mera afirmação identitária por meio da forma específica de memória que Todorov chama justiça.
Norbert Elias. O Processo Civilizador: Uma História dos Costumes
Authors: Silva Jefferson Alexandre da
Published: August 2018

A resenha apresenta de forma sintética as questões tratadas no primeiro volume de O Processo civilizador de Norbert Elias, porém, chama a atenção para o que há de essencial na argumentação de Norbert Elias, a saber: que o processo civilizador pode ser entendido como um processo de transformação de longo prazo nas estruturas de personalidade e comportamentos individuais.
Karl Marx e a Liberdade: de Jacobino a Comunista
Authors: Vasconcelos Joana Salém
Published: August 2018

A liberdade se tornou um valor prioritário dos movimentos sociais na modernidade. Karl Marx foi um dos porta-vozes filosóficos e políticos mais importantes das forças sociais que lutaram pela liberdade, levando o conceito às últimas conseqüências. Esse artigo expõe o desenvolvimento do conceito de liberdade no jovem Marx, entre 1840 a 1845. Articula temas como liberdade de imprensa, liberdade e luta de classes, liberdade e alienação, e liberdade e revolução. Cada um destes temas contribui para explicar a inflexão do Marx jacobino ao Marx comunista, eixo hipotético que sustenta o artigo, e que possui como fio condutor o conceito de liberdade.
O papel da história na construção da teoria política de Maquiavel
Authors: Coimbra Fábio
Published: August 2018

O propósito desta pesquisa consiste em fazer uma análise de como a história é tematizada, bem como examinar a sua relevância na construção da teoria política de Maquiavel, uma vez que ele sempre retorna a ela para falar da ação política. Perceber-se-á que essa tematização constitui-se precisamente como uma estratégia fundamental para a ação política dos príncipes, haja vista serem esses os destinatários das lições políticas do florentino. Daí ser necessário e, portanto, relevante que os príncipes sejam bons conhecedores da história, sobretudo das histórias dos grandes homens, aqueles que alcançaram êxito em suas empreitadas, tanto para a aquisição do poder, como para nele permanecer.
O debate público como fonte constitutiva da individualidade milliana
Authors: Dalaqua Gustavo Hessmann
Published: August 2018

Neste artigo, apresentaremos a defesa da liberdade de expressão empreendida por John Stuart Mill no ensaio Sobre a liberdade. Seguindo sua estrutura original, separaremos nossa apresentação em três partes. Na primeira, veremos que Mill fundamenta sua doutrina política da liberdade de expressão no falibilismo epistemológico. Na segunda, explicaremos por que toda opinião, independente de sua verdade, deve ser ouvida. Na terceira, ressaltaremos que a defesa milliana da liberdade de expressão não se confunde com permissividade irrestrita. Ao longo do trabalho, defenderemos que o debate público é fonte constitutiva da individualidade.
O pós-moderno cor-de-rosa
Authors: Amary Michel
Published: August 2018

Este ensaio busca retomar as discussões iniciadas por Fredric Jameson sobre o pós-modernismo e sua aplicação na contemporaneidade. Nosso objetivo é procurar no pós-modernismo alguma objetividade capaz de responder aos anseios concretos de liberdade e de promover um estado verdadeiramente novo e humano que a arte promete. Para isso passamos primeiro por uma contextualização histórica sobre origem do pós-moderno; após, sua caracterização em expressões artísticas; e por fim, a relação da arte com a política em uma análise crítica sobre o seu potencial de emancipação.
Crença e ilusão: a crítica freudiana da religião
Authors: Vargas Fábio Moreira
Published: August 2018

O artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar alguns aspectos da crítica freudiana à religião. Acompanhando, neste tema, as principais ideias do fundador da psicanálise, procura-se mostrar a articulação entre algumas estruturas do funcionamento do inconsciente e o fazer religioso, trabalhando a analogia feita por Freud entre a crença religiosa e a ilusão. O tema é longo e de difícil abordagem. Não há condição aqui de aprofundar as principais questões. Resume- -se a um pequeno percurso pela interpretação do fato religioso elaborada pela obra de Freud.
Aparência e propaganda n’O príncipe
Authors: Gaspari Filipe Natal de
Published: August 2018

Neste ensaio, estudo as ideias de “aparência” e “propaganda” presentes n’O príncipe de Maquiavel. Nas partes I e II, busco elucidar como tais noções aparecem no horizonte de análise d’O príncipe. Depois, sob o argumento da necessidade de se superar uma leitura meramente dogmática da obra, na seção III, procuro demonstrar a força reveladora das noções de imagem e representação para a compreensão da filosofia política de Maquiavel. Por fim, argumento que leituras objetivistas do método de nosso autor, como a de Ernst Cassirer, devem ser desencorajadas, pois, quando muito, tendem a dar um espaço inferior ao devido à dimensão mítica da representação constante dos escritos políticos de Maquiavel.
O direito à memória: a luta pela legitimação e visibilidade das intelectuais negras na sociedade de Pernambuco
Authors: Martins Jacqueline
Published: August 2018

Os valores e a ideologia racista e sexista predominantes na sociedade pernambucana buscam ofuscar, invisibilizar e negar a identidade da mulher negra e sua participação intelectual, política, social e histórica na formação dessa sociedade. Nesse sentido, o trabalho apresentado tem como objetivo apontar reflexões em relação à história da trajetória e das produções intelectuais das mulheres negras no estado de Pernambuco, buscando, assim, contribuir para uma legitimação de tal intelectualidade; propõe, ainda, contribuir na reflexão sobre uma noção de justiça reposicionada pelo reconhecimento do aporte intelectual e do protagonismo das mulheres negras no processo de construção da sociedade pernambucana, por meio da cultura como elemento proporcionador do direito à memória. Com a licença que foi dada, eis a palavra pensada!
Building a Modern Political Ecology and the Need to Demystify Political Meritocracy
Authors: Liu Jingxi , Bihler Anja
Published: August 2018

To construct socialism with Chinese characteristics, advance socialist democracy, and establish a political ecology for socialism with Chinese characteristics, we should devote our efforts toward building a stronger political system and strengthening the rule of law and democracy. Important projects, such as the anti-corruption campaign, mass-line education, or team building for government officials should be guided by the spirit of democracy and the rule of law and proceed in an orderly and regulated manner. Still, voices in support of political meritocracy have become increasingly audible in Chinese political and academic circles, supporting a political phenomenon completely incompatible with the goal of building a socialist democracy. Meritocracy as a political system entails a high degree of uncertainty, unsustainability, and risk and is essentially just a modified version of the rule of man or, to put it differently, the rule of man “2.0.” Its fatal weakness is its inability to resolve two fundamental problems related to the legitimacy of political power: Where does power originate, and how can we control it? An important theoretical prerequisite for building a clean political ecology is thus to demystify meritocracy and dispel any popular myths surrounding it.
Eris and Epos
Authors: Christensen Joel P.
Published: August 2018

This article examines the development of the theme of eris in Hesiod and Homer. Starting from the relationship between the destructive strife in the Theogony (225) and the two versions invoked in the Works and Days (11–12), I argue that considering the two forms of strife as echoing zero and positive sum games helps us to identify the cultural and compositional force of eris as cooperative competition. After establishing eris as a compositional theme from the perspective of oral poetics, I then argue that it develops from the perspective of cosmic history, that is, from the creation of the universe in Hesiod’s Theogony through the Homeric epics and into its double definition in the Works and Days. To explore and emphasize how this complementarity is itself a manifestation of eris, I survey its deployment in our major extant epic poems.
Polyphasic characterization of newly isolated Anabaenopsis (Cyanobacteria) strains from tropical Brazil and Mexico
Authors: SANTOS KLEBER RENAN DE SOUZA , HENTSCHKE GUILHERME SCOTTA , ANDREOTE ANA PAULA DINI , LAUGHINGHOUSE IV HAYWOOD DAIL , BALLOT ANDREAS , NOVELO EBERTO , FIORE MARLI FÁTIMA , SANT’ANNA CÉLIA LEITE
Published: August 2018

The taxonomy of four isolated strains of Anabaenopis elenkinii and A. arnoldii from North and South America were investigated using a polyphasic approach. The studied populations were collected from seven alkaline lakes of the Brazilian Pantanal and Nabor Carrillo Lake, Texcoco region (Mexico), between 2004 and 2012, where they frequently formed blooms during the dry season. The morphological plasticity of the populations, from natural and culture conditions, was described based on 200 individuals of each species. The 16S rRNA and the cpc-BA-IGS phylogenetic analyses show Anabaenopsis as a sister-taxon of Cyanospira. The Anabaenopsis clade has three strongly supported subclusters related to the origin of strains: Pantanal+Mexico, Kenya+Australia and one European clade. Although these data indicate that the currently known Anabaenopsis strains belong to more than one species, we are being conservative and not describing them as new species due to the lack of more molecular data. We highlight the need of a revision of the genus, considering also that Anabaenopsis sp. PCC 9215, the current reference strain used for the genus, is not identified as A. elenkinii and it is phylogenetically grouped with Anabaenopsis strains identified as A. circularis, A. arnoldii, A. nadsonii and A. elenkinii.
Morphometric analysis reveals a new species of Aponogeton (Aponogetonaceae) in Sri Lanka (Erratum)
Authors: MANAWADUGE C. G. , YAKANDAWALA D. , LES D. H.
Published: August 2018

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Examination of the Physical Atmosphere in the Great Lakes Region and Its Potential Impact on Air Quality—Overwater Stability and Satellite Assimilation
Authors: McNider Richard T. , Pour-Biazar Arastoo , Doty Kevin , White Andrew , Wu Yuling , Qin Momei , Hu Yongtao , Odman Talat , Cleary Patricia , Knipping Eladio , Dornblaser Bright , Lee Pius , Hain Christopher , McKeen Stuart
Published: August 2018

High mixing ratios of ozone along the shores of Lake Michigan have been a recurring theme over the last 40 years. Models continue to have difficulty in replicating ozone behavior in the region. Although emissions and chemistry may play a role in model performance, the complex meteorological setting of the relatively cold lake in the summer ozone season and the ability of the physical model to replicate this environment may contribute to air quality modeling errors. In this paper, several aspects of the physical atmosphere that may affect air quality, along with potential paths to improve the physical simulations, are broadly examined. The first topic is the consistent overwater overprediction of ozone. Although overwater measurements are scarce, special boat and ferry ozone measurements over the last 15 years have indicated consistent overprediction by models. The roles of model mixing and lake surface temperatures are examined in terms of changing stability over the lake. From an analysis of a 2009 case, it is tentatively concluded that excessive mixing in the meteorological model may lead to an underestimate of mixing in offline chemical models when different boundary layer mixing schemes are used. This is because the stable boundary layer shear, which is removed by mixing in the meteorological model, can no longer produce mixing when mixing is rediagnosed in the offline chemistry model. Second, air temperature has an important role in directly affecting chemistry and emissions. Land–water temperature contrasts are critical to lake and land breezes, which have an impact on mixing and transport. Here, satellite-derived skin temperatures are employed as a path to improve model temperature performance. It is concluded that land surface schemes that adjust moisture based on surface energetics are important in reducing temperature errors.
India–Xinjiang Historico-cultural Linkages
Authors: Debata Mahesh Ranjan
Published: August 2018

India’s Xinjiang connection is age old. Since the first century bc, linkage between the two regions has been established through historical, sociocultural and economic relations and mutual exchanges. However, with the establishment of People’s Republic of China in 1949 and incorporation of Xinjiang as one of the Chinese provinces, this linkage met an obvious end. Now with the end of Cold War in 1991 following the disintegration of former Soviet Union and emergence of five independent republics of Central Asia and the endeavours to revive the Silk Route, there has emerged a glimmer of hope for the renewal of relationship between strategically located Central Asia, Xinjiang and India. In this context, this article discusses the 2500-year-old India–Xinjiang historico-cultural cooperation and believes that perhaps it could act as a catalyst in promoting and strengthening overall relationship between India and China.
Effects of curvature and alignment of carbon nanotubes on the electrical conductivity of carbon nanotube-reinforced polymers investigated by mesoscopic simulations
Authors: Bartels Julian , Jürgens Jan-Patrick , Kuhn Eduard , Ploshikhin Vasily
Published: August 2018

Carbon nanotube-reinforced polymers belong to a class of composite materials, which have been largely investigated due to their special electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. In the case of electrical conductivity of carbon nanotube-reinforced polymer, a critical amount of carbon nanotubes as a filler material enables a sharp increase of electrical conductivity. At this certain volume fraction of carbon nanotubes, the material turns into a conductor because of the percolation effect. This effect occurs due to the formation of a closed pathway of filler material through the system. Mesoscopic simulation models of these materials were carried out to predict their electrical conductivity. In this paper, the effects of carbon nanotube curvature and their alignment parallel or perpendicular to the electrical flow direction inside a representative volume element were analysed and an optimized carbon nanotube distribution is presented. A network with a longest average path length per (rigid) carbon nanotube but also cross-linking (only nearly isotropic alignment) shows the best conductivity in the preferred direction.
In-situ characterization of handle characteristics of suiting woven fabrics by a simultaneous measurement method
Authors: Sun Fengxin , Du Zhaoqun , Zheng Dongming , Hu Xiaorui , Sun Yi , Gao Weidong
Published: August 2018

The comprehensive handle evaluation system for fabrics and yarns (CHES-FY) was developed to measure multiple mechanical properties, which are related to fabric handle. In this paper, the potential of using the CHES-FY to evaluate the handle characteristics of woven fabrics was studied. Three prediction models corresponding to the stiffness, smoothness and tightness attributes of fabrics were determined to relate the subjective handle to suitable curve parameters extracted from the pulling-out force–displacement curve of the CHES-FY based on the stepwise regression method. Moreover, the independent validation of the prediction models and sensitivity analysis of the CHES-FY were also conducted. Results show that the CHES-FY together with the developed models provides good prediction for the handle characteristics of wool-rich woven suiting fabrics. It was also shown that the CHES-FY was capable of detecting changes of fabric handle of the woven fabrics with plasma treatments.
Midcareer Faculty Needs Identified by the Midwest Nursing Research Society Midcareer Scholars Task Force
Authors: Hershberger Patricia E. , Minton Mary , Voss Joachim G. , McCarthy Ann Marie , Murrock Carolyn J. , Topp Robert , Talsma AkkeNeel
Published: August 2018

The midcareer academic period is largely unexplored despite its lengthy duration and challenging career expectations at academic institutions. The Midwest Nursing Research Society (MNRS) formed a Midcareer Scholars Task Force to address this gap. All active members of MNRS were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey, of which 286 members completed. The most frequently perceived institutional support for midcareer scholars was for conference attendance followed by librarian assistance. Most assistant and associate professors perceived mentoring as a critical MNRS organizational activity to advance their research and careers; however, full professors saw MNRS’s responsibility in mentoring midcareer scholars differently. Existing academic institutions were perceived as limited in their support and success in midcareer scholar mentorship efforts. There are considerable needs for midcareer scholar support and mentoring, and professional organizations can play an important role to fill this gap. Targeted mentoring and professional development initiatives are needed to better support midcareer faculty.
Cognitive function in patients with coronary artery disease: A literature review
Authors: Burkauskas J. , Lang P. , Bunevičius A. , Neverauskas J. , Bučiūtė-Jankauskienė M. , Mickuvienė N.
Published: August 2018

Objective

Cognitive function impairment is a well-documented complication of cerebrovascular disease (CBVD). Less is known about what factors affect the deterioration of cognitive function in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this review is to explore recent studies investigating factors associated with cognitive function in patients with CAD.

Methods

Studies published from 2010 to 2016 were identified through a systematic search of MEDLINE/PubMed and were included if they addressed factors affecting cognitive function in the CAD population.

Results

Of the 227 publications identified, 32 were selected for the review. Five factors tentatively affecting cognitive function in patients with CAD were identified: coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) genotype, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), medication use, and various hormones and biomarkers.

Conclusion

New techniques in CABG surgery have proven to alleviate postoperative cognitive decline. Researchers are still debating the effects of APOE4 genotype, LVEF, and the use of cardiovascular medications on cognitive function. Thyroid hormones and biomarkers are associated with cognitive function, but the exact nature of the association is debatable. Longitudinal studies should clarify those associations. In addition, cross-sectional studies addressing other causes of cognitive decline in patients with CAD are warranted.
Consensus document of the Italian Association of Medical Oncology and the Italian Society of Palliative Care on early palliative care
Authors: Corsi Domenico C. , Turriziani Adriana , Cavanna Luigi , Morino Piero , Ribecco Angela S. , Ciaparrone Marco , Lanzetta Gaetano , Pinto Carmine , Zagonel Vittorina
Published: August 2018

A consensus document on early palliative care was produced by a committed Working Group of the Italian Society of Medical Oncology and the Italian Society of Palliative Care to improve the early integration of palliative care in medical oncology and to stimulate and guide the choices of those who daily face the problems of advanced stage cancer patients. The simultaneous administration of antineoplastic treatments and early palliative care was shown to be beneficial in metastatic cancer pathway outcomes. Patients who could benefit from early palliative care are those with an advanced cancer at presentation, a compromised PS for cancer, and/or morbidities, and who are too frail to receive treatment. According to the Bruera practice models, in which the combination of cancer management with early palliative care can be offered, three groups of patients needing simultaneous care were identified and three different models of the delivery of palliative care were proposed. In patients with good prognosis and low need of simultaneous care, the solo practice model and the request for consultations were suggested, while in patients with poor prognosis disease with high need of simultaneous care and in conditions with high need of simultaneous care, regardless of cancer prognosis, the integrated care approach should be offered. Palliative care consultation services are seldom accessible in the majority of Italian hospitals; thus the application of various practice models depends on available resources, and a shared care model with the structures of palliative care operating in the area is often required.
Prevalence and Determinants of Stunting Among Preschool Children and Its Urban–Rural Disparities in Bangladesh
Authors: Akram Raisul , Sultana Marufa , Ali Nausad , Sheikh Nurnabi , Sarker Abdur Razzaque
Published: August 2018

Background:

Despite improvements in the reduction of child stunting rates over the last decade, poor nutritional status still remains a public health concern in Bangladesh, where young children are the most vulnerable.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to capture the prevalence and determinants of childhood stunting and document its urban–rural disparities in the context of Bangladesh.

Methods:

The study used data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey of 2014. A bivariate analysis was performed to find out the differentials in prevalence of stunting, and multivariate logistic regression was performed to also assess the association of stunting with potential risk factors.

Results:

The overall prevalence of stunting was 36.3% and was significantly higher in rural (38.1%) areas than urban (31.2%) areas. In all 3 regression models, significantly higher odds were found among children aged 36 to 47 months compared to 6 to 12 months and among the children from the poorest households. In rural areas, male children were significantly more likely to be stunted (odds ratio = 1.31; 95% confidence interval: 1.12-1.53). Other significant risk factors for childhood stunting were maternal education and body mass index, children suffering from diarrhea, initial breast-feeding, and administrative divisions.

Conclusions:

Disparities exist among urban and rural areas regarding stunting among the children younger than 5 in Bangladesh, which need to be reduced. Public health policies and interventions need to consider the risk factors in urban and rural areas separately.
The Evolution and Future of Rhytidectomy Literature: A Bibliographic Study
Authors: Honeybrook Adam , Crowson Matthew , Woodard Charles , Asaria Jamil , Barrett Dane
Published: August 2018

Since Eugene Holländer performed the first rhytidectomy in 1901, face-lift surgery has dramatically transformed over 100+ years. Our objective was to assess conceptual themes and content evolution in the published rhytidectomy literature. A bibliometric rhytidectomy analysis was performed on English-language literature between the period of 1951 and 2017. Analyses included most productive authors, countries, journals, most-cited articles, and keywords. K-means clustering was used to discern trends in topics. A total of 1927 rhytidectomy abstracts were mined from the Scopus® bibliographic database over the period of 1951-2017. These abstracts originated from 500 different source publications and 3744 different authors. The annual growth rate of rhytidectomy literature is 6.87 articles/year. The most productive countries were the United States (856 publications), France (107 publications), and Brazil (67 publications). Between-country collaborations were rare. From 1995-2015, the recent literature centered on younger adults, surgical approaches, and complications. Older literature investigated surgical techniques, facial skin, aging, and lipectomy. Two distinct concept clusters were discovered: (1) surgical outcomes and techniques/approaches, and (2) study design. Bibliometric analyses are useful in understanding intellectual structure, gaps, and opportunities for knowledge advancement. The recent rhytidectomy literature is focused on new techniques/approaches, complications, and younger adults and is dominated by US-based clinicians.
The Wealth of Nations: International Judgments Regarding Actual and Ideal Resource Distributions
Authors: Arsenio William F.
Published: August 2018

How much wealth inequality do people think is ideal, and how does that compare with the inequality they perceive in their society? Recent research on individuals’ judgments about the distribution of national wealth suggests that there are both international commonalties and nation-specific patterns in these cognitions. This review describes several of these major findings and how some of them vary as a function of study methods. The evidence summarized suggests that U.S. participants may underestimate wealth inequality but that this underestimation is not found in many other countries. Additionally, individuals who perceive greater wealth inequality have more negative views of their societies and are more supportive of policies aimed at redistributing resources; these connections, however, have been specific to one method of assessing wealth cognitions. Finally, across nations, assessment methods, and age groups, studies show that individuals prefer a more egalitarian distribution of national wealth than they believe exists.
Identification of elastic edge condition for modeling vibration response of glass touch panel
Authors: Kaito Yoshihiko , Honda Shinya , Narita Yoshihiro
Published: August 2018

This paper deals with the vibration modeling of a glass panel, with emphasis on smartphone applications, and attempts to identify the elastic boundary condition to support the glass panel. This study is motivated to develop a more-efficient vibration function of the glass panel in smartphones. First, based on the classical plate theory, the vibration behavior is analyzed with consideration of the elastic translational and rotational springs distributed along the panel edge. The accuracy of applying the energy method (Ritz method) is verified by comparing the analytical results with the experimental results by a modal analysis technique, and it is shown that the plate theory used for crystalline materials (i.e. metals and plastics) is applicable also to the glass (non-crystalline) plates. Second, the elastic constants of such distributed springs are identified by a combination of the genetic algorithm and the present Ritz method, and the design approach is summarized for developing more effective use of the vibrating function on glass panels in the smartphones and other tablet terminals.
Development of a framework for parallel reservoir simulation
Authors: Barrios Molano Hector Emilio , Sepehrnoori Kamy
Published: August 2018

The development of a parallel reservoir simulator is a more complex task than nonparallel simulators. Problems related to parallel implementation such as parallel communication, model division among processors, and the management of data distributed among processors, and other issues should be addressed and solved in addition to the already complex task of reservoir simulator development. Hence, the development of parallel reservoir simulators is more time intensive than the traditional development on single processor computers. In this work, a framework was developed to aid the development of parallel reservoir simulators. The framework developed in this work implements and handles the parallel processing complexity and provides easy-to-use programming interfaces to accelerate the development of new parallel reservoir simulators or the parallelization of existing ones. Additionally, The University of Texas Compositional Simulator was used in conjunction with the framework developed in this work to create a parallel reservoir simulator. Case studies are used to verify accuracy and to test parallel performance of our new parallel reservoir simulator.
Coworking spaces as places where economic diversity can be articulated: Towards a theory of syntopia
Authors: Vidaillet Bénédicte , Bousalham Youcef
Published: August 2018

This article reports a qualitative study of several coworking spaces conducted over 3 years. We build on Foucault’s reflection concerning heterotopias to develop a new concept – that of ‘syntopia’ – for theorizing this type of space, whose main characteristic is that its alternative potential lies in enabling its users to articulate economic diversity. Our contribution is twofold: on one hand, our theorization of coworking spaces helps better account for their complexity, for the tensions that can arise within them and for their impacts; on the other hand, with the concept of syntopia, we provide a concept that could help identify other places of a post capitalocentric economy, likely to be a source of profound change in our society. We propose to develop a ‘syntopology’ whose object would be to study systematically the different forms of syntopias, their characteristics, potentials and limitations.
A multi-way data analysis approach for structural health monitoring of a cable-stayed bridge
Authors: Alamdari Mehrisadat Makki , Dang Khoa Nguyen Lu , Wang Yang , Samali Bijan , Zhu Xinqun
Published: August 2018

A large-scale cable-stayed bridge in the state of New South Wales, Australia, has been extensively instrumented with an array of accelerometer, strain gauge, and environmental sensors. The real-time continuous response of the bridge has been collected since July 2016. This study aims at condition assessment of this bridge by investigating three aspects of structural health monitoring including damage detection, damage localization, and damage severity assessment. A novel data analysis algorithm based on incremental multi-way data analysis is proposed to analyze the dynamic response of the bridge. This method applies incremental tensor analysis for data fusion and feature extraction, and further uses one-class support vector machine on this feature to detect anomalies. A total of 15 different damage scenarios were investigated; damage was physically simulated by locating stationary vehicles with different masses at various locations along the span of the bridge to change the condition of the bridge. The effect of damage on the fundamental frequency of the bridge was investigated and a maximum change of 4.4% between the intact and damage states was observed which corresponds to a small severity damage. Our extensive investigations illustrate that the proposed technique can provide reliable characterization of damage in this cable-stayed bridge in terms of detection, localization and assessment. The contribution of the work is threefold; first, an extensive structural health monitoring system was deployed on a cable-stayed bridge in operation; second, an incremental tensor analysis was proposed to analyze time series responses from multiple sensors for online damage identification; and finally, the robustness of the proposed method was validated using extensive field test data by considering various damage scenarios in the presence of environmental variabilities.
The roles of mechanotransduction, vascular wall cells, and blood cells in atheroma induction
Authors: Novikova Olga A , Laktionov Pavel P , Karpenko Andrey A
Published: August 2018

Background

This paper describes and analyzes the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis development. In particular, the roles of monocytes/macrophages, smooth muscle cells, and vascular endothelium in the formation of stable/unstable atheromatous plaques, and the contributions of some processes to atheroma formation.

Methods and results

In this study we analyzed endothelium: function, dysfunction, and involvement into atherogenesis; cell proteins mediating mechanotransduction; proatherogenic role of monocytes; the role of macrophages in the development of unstable atheromatous plaques and smooth muscle cell origin in atherosclerosis. Smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching; their functioning; the ability to retain cholesterol and lipoproteins as well as secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules and extracellular matrix proteins, their response to extracellular stimuli secreted by other cells, and the effect of smooth muscle cells on the cells surrounding atheromatous plaques are fundamentally important for the insight into atherosclerosis molecular basis.

Conclusion

Atheromatous plaque transcriptome studies will be helpful in the identification of the key genes involved in atheroma transformation and development as well as discovery of the new targets for diagnosis and therapy.
Challenging the divide? Confronting a dialogue across political margins in a feminist classroom
Authors: Hager Tamar
Published: August 2018

My article narrates and theorizes one educational moment of speaking ‘across’ the social and political margins in a peripheral college on the northern border of Israel. I recognize the academic space as what historian Louise Pratt titled a ‘contact zone’ where peoples geographically and historically separated meet within radically asymmetrical relations of power. In the Israeli academia, secular Westernized Jewish students and teachers from hegemonic groups interact with students from political and social minorities. Despite continued estrangement and mutual hostility, these encounters at times lead to unexpected moments of multicultural alliances. Feminist critical pedagogies serve to identify and create occasions for such interactions that are missing from most academic locations. However, as I demonstrate in this article, these moments which create potential unforeseen resistance to the existing power structure can easily be overlooked. The article focuses on a moment of pedagogical failure to identify an attempt by two female students to cross national affiliations and overcome mutual hostilities, expressing unforeseen solidarity with each other. Reflecting on the political and social reasons for my failure, I end the article by imagining an attempt at amending the pedagogical damage, giving the two students another chance to express their solidarity.
GLP-2 analog teduglutide significantly reduces need for parenteral nutrition and stool frequency in a real-life setting
Authors: Schoeler Marc , Klag Thomas , Wendler Judith , Bernhard Simon , Adolph Michael , Kirschniak Andreas , Goetz Martin , Malek Nisar , Wehkamp Jan
Published: August 2018

Background:

To evaluate the benefits of teduglutide in a real-life setting, we analyzed the data of 14 patients with short bowel syndrome treated with teduglutide. Additionally, we studied glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) receptor expression in samples of small intestinal and colonic tissue to provide explanations for clinical observations.

Methods:

Stool frequency and consistency, sensation of thirst, parental calorie or fluid uptake and the number of days on parenteral support per week were collected for up to 2 years. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction of the GLP-2 receptor in healthy controls was performed to better understand clinical response in different patient subgroups.

Results:

There was a significant reduction in parenteral support after 24 and 48 weeks (by 11.0 and 36.6%, respectively; p < 0.05). Further major improvements were made in several patients after over 1 year (reduction by 79.3%, p < 0.05). The proportion of patients who reduced parenteral support by at least 20% was 33.3%, 54.5% and 71.3% after 24 weeks, 48 weeks and beyond 1 year, respectively. Patients on daily parenteral support showed late but strong amelioration. The reduction of thirst was the earliest marker for response. While stool consistency increased ( p < 0.01), stool frequency decreased ( p < 0.05) significantly after 12 weeks. This reduction was even more pronounced in patients with colon in continuity. Supporting these clinical observations, we found a stronger physiological expression of the GLP-2 receptor in the colon than in the small intestine.

Conclusions:

Patients benefit from teduglutide in a real-life setting, but in contrast to randomized, controlled studies reduction of parenteral support took longer. We identified early clinical markers of response, such as stool consistency and frequency as well as sensation of thirst. Clinical and molecular observations support the role of the colon as an important target organ of teduglutide.
Pain in AQP4-IgG-positive and MOG-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Authors: Asseyer Susanna , Schmidt Felix , Chien Claudia , Scheel Michael , Ruprecht Klemens , Bellmann-Strobl Judith , Brandt Alexander U , Paul Friedemann
Published: August 2018

Background

Pain is a frequent symptom in aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin-G-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4-IgG-pos. NMOSD). Data on pain in myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein-immunoglobulin-G autoimmunity with a clinical NMOSD phenotype (MOG-IgG-pos. NMOSD) are scarce.

Objective

The objective of this paper is to investigate pain in MOG-IgG-pos. NMOSD, AQP4-IgG-pos. NMOSD and NMOSD without AQP4/MOG-IgG detection (AQP4/MOG-IgG-neg. NMOSD).

Methods

Forty-nine MOG-IgG-pos. ( n = 14), AQP4-IgG-pos. ( n = 29) and AQP4/MOG-IgG-neg. ( n = 6) NMOSD patients were included in this cross-sectional baseline analysis from an ongoing observational study. We identified spinal cord lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, assessed pain by the painDETECT and McGill Pain questionnaires, quality of life by Short Form Health Survey, and depression by Beck Depression Inventory.

Results

Twelve MOG-IgG-pos. NMOSD patients (86%), 24 AQP4-IgG-pos. NMOSD patients (83%), and all AQP4/MOG-IgG-neg. NMOSD patients (100%) suffered from pain. MOG-IgG-pos. NMOSD patients had mostly neuropathic pain and headache; AQP4-IgG-pos. and AQP4/MOG-IgG-neg. NMOSD patients had mostly neuropathic pain. A history of myelitis was less frequent in MOG-IgG-pos. NMOSD than in AQP4-IgG-pos. NMOSD patients. Pain influenced quality of life in all patients. Thirty-six percent of patients with pain received pain medication; none of them were free of pain.

Conclusions

Pain is a frequent symptom of patients with MOG-IgG-pos. NMOSD and is as important as in AQP4-IgG-pos. and AQP4/MOG-IgG-neg. NMOSD. Despite its impact on quality of life, pain is insufficiently alleviated by medication.
Incidence of Immediate Extubation After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery and Predictors for Reintubation
Authors: Shinkawa Takeshi , Tang Xinyu , Gossett Jeffrey M. , Dasgupta Rahul , Schmitz Michael L. , Gupta Punkaj , Imamura Michiaki
Published: August 2018

Objectives:

The objectives were to assess the incidence of immediate tracheal extubation in the operating room after pediatric cardiac surgery and to investigate predictors for subsequent reintubation.

Methods:

This is a single institutional retrospective study including all patients who had a cardiac operation with cardiopulmonary bypass from 2011 to 2016. Patients who required preoperative ventilator support, postoperative open chest, or mechanical support were excluded. Predictors for reintubation after immediate extubation were analyzed only for patients with stage II palliation for single ventricle physiology.

Results:

Nine hundred nine qualifying operations were identified. Immediate extubation was performed in 590 (64.9%) operations. A multivariable logistic regression model showed that the identities of anesthesiologist ( P = .0003), year of the operation performed ( P < .001), cardiopulmonary bypass time ( P < .001), and type of operations ( P < .001) were significantly associated with immediate extubation. Reintubation was significantly less frequent in patients with immediate extubation compared to those without (6.1% vs 15.0%; P < .001). A subgroup analysis for stage II palliation showed that reintubation after immediate extubation was significant for younger age (0.42 vs 0.54 years, P = .044), lower Po2/Fio2 and Po2 at the last blood gas analysis (66 vs 98 mm Hg, P = .032 and 39 vs 47 mm Hg, P = .008), and higher inotropic score (2 vs 0, P = .034). A multivariable logistic regression model showed that only inotropic score was significantly associated with reintubation ( P = .018).

Conclusions:

Immediate extubation in the operating room after pediatric cardiac surgery can be performed in most patients. Inotropic score is a predictor for reintubation in stage II palliation.
Distal Aortic Arch Hypoplasia and Coarctation Repair: A Tailored Enlargement Technique
Authors: Poncelet Alain J. , Henkens Arnaud , Sluysmans Thierry , Moniotte Stephane , de Beco Geoffroy , Momeni Mona , Detaille Thierry , Rubay Jean E.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Several techniques have been described to correct coarctation associated with distal arch hypoplasia. However, in neonates, residual gradients are frequently encountered and influence long-term outcome. We reviewed our experience with an alternative technique of repair combining carotid–subclavian angioplasty and extended end-to-end anastomosis.

Methods:

From 1998 through 2014, 109 neonates (median age, 9 days) with coarctation and distal arch hypoplasia (n = 106) or type A interrupted aortic arch (n = 3) underwent repair using this technique. Thirty patients had isolated lesions (group 1), 44 associated ventricular septal defect (group 2), and 35 associated complex cardiac lesions (group 3). Median follow-up was 98 months.

Results:

Repair was performed via left thoracotomy in 97%. There was one procedural-related death (0.9%) and overall five patients died during index admission (4.6%). Ten deaths were recorded at follow-up. Actuarial five-year survival was 86% (100% in group 1, 91% group 2, and 66% in group 3). Recurrent coarctation (clinical or invasive gradient >20 mm Hg) developed in 15 patients, all but 2 successfully treated by balloon dilatation. Freedom from any reintervention (dilatation or surgery) at five years was 86%. Only two patients were on antihypertensive drugs at last follow-up.

Conclusions:

This combined technique to correct distal arch hypoplasia and isthmic coarctation results in low mortality and acceptable recurrence rate. It preserves the left subclavian artery and allows enlargement of the distal arch diameter. Late outcome is excellent with very low prevalence of late arterial hypertension.
Symptomatic Tetralogy of Fallot in Young Infants: Primary Repair or Shunt—Pediatric Health Information System Database Analysis
Authors: Ramakrishnan Karthik V. , Zurakowski David , Pastor William , Jonas Richard A. , Sinha Pranava
Published: August 2018

Background:

Compare the early outcomes and hospital charges of early primary repair and systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt for neonates and young infants (≤90 days of age) with tetralogy of Fallot using data from the Pediatric Health Information System database.

Methods:

The Pediatric Health Information System database was queried for patients <90 days of age with primary diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot who underwent nonelective surgical repair or palliation between January 2008 and December 2014. The initial cohort of 821 patients (group 1 early primary repair, N = 554; group 2 systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt, N = 267) was propensity score matched (248 patients in each group) to account for baseline imbalances in age and prostaglandin use.

Results:

Comparison of unmatched groups revealed younger age and higher incidence of extracardiac anomalies ( P = .02) and prematurity ( P = .04) in group 2. Mortality was comparable between the groups (group 1: 20 [4%] of 554 vs group 2: 11 [4%] of 267, P = .74). Irrespective of the type of procedure, prematurity (odds ratio [OR] = 3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5-7.4) and extracardiac anomalies (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2-5.3) were independent risk factors for mortality. Propensity score–matched analysis revealed no significant differences in patient mortality ( P = 1), duration of ventilation ( P = .64), hospital length of stay ( P = .69), or hospital charges ( P = .08) between the two groups.

Conclusion:

Outcomes and hospital charges associated with nonelective early primary repair are comparable to systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt in symptomatic patients <90 days old with tetralogy of Fallot.