bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microenterprise Peso Acceptance in El Paso, Texas
Authors: J. Pisani Michael
Published: December 2023

Utilizing a unique sample of 253 microenterprise border retailers from El Paso, Texas, this paper explores the possibility of cash payment from cross-border shoppers using Mexican pesos. We find that one-fifth of microenterprise retailers in El Paso accept payment in Mexican pesos. Increased peso acceptance rates are associated with retailer proximity to Mexico and business segment in which the retailers compete. El Paso microenterprises are also more likely than their medium- to large-business counterparts to allow payments to be made using Mexican pesos. The opportunity cost of currency substitution is examined for accepting and yet-to-accept firms. JEL Classification: M21, F31, D22.
Waste management in smartphone applications as element of Smart City development
Authors: Wolniak Radosław ,   Silesian University of Technology, Organization and Management Department, Economics and Informatics Institute, Grebski Wies ,   Penn State Hazletonne, Pennsylvania State University
Published: December 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this publication is to present the usage of smartphone application in Smart Cities in waste management. Design/methodology/approach: Critical literature analysis. Analysis of international literature from main databases and polish literature and legal acts connecting with researched topic. Findings: The integration of smartphone apps in smart city waste management promises enhanced urban sustainability, efficiency, and citizen engagement. These apps, detailed in Tables 1 and 2, offer real-time monitoring, data-driven decision-making, and environmental benefits. Yet, challenges like the digital divide and data privacy, discussed in Table 3, must be overcome. A comprehensive approach, focusing on accessibility, data security, and sustainability, is essential. Smartphone apps are a critical step toward creating cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable smart cities. Keywords: Smart City, waste management, smartphone applications, smart mobility. Category of the paper: literature review.
O Patrimônio Ferroviário de Valença – RJ: o processo de proteção e salvaguarda promovido pela comunidade local
Authors: Neubaner João Batista de Freitas , Araujo Ana Paula Ribeiro de
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a atuação da Associação Valenciana para a Preservação Ferroviária – UVAFER – criada no município de Valença em 2016 visando contribuir com as ações de preservaçã
A utilização de sistemas solares fotovoltaicos em edificações históricas.
Authors: Soares Marco Túlio Bones
Published: December 2023

A geração de energia renovável é uma alternativa favorável para a redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa no cenário das mudanças climáticas. Essa redução só será expressiva se as edificações h
SISTEMA "IRIGHTS": A INCLUSÃO DO SUJEITO INTERSEX
Authors: Baroncini Natália Varotto , Miranda João Irineu de Resende
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho estuda sobre a identidade de gênero dos intersexuais, ou seja, seres humanos que contém características dos biotipos masculino e feminino concomitantemente. Seu objetivo é propor que ess
PL DAS FAKE NEWS – UMA AMEAÇA À LIBERDADE DE EXPRESSÃO ?
Authors: Nascimento Roberto Eduardo Reis do , Silva Júnior José Benevides da , Cola Felipe de Souza Costa
Published: December 2023

Dentre os inúmeros problemas que o mundo contemporâneo enfrenta, as fake News influenciam de forma direta e indireta o pensamento humano, e por isso não se deve deixar de combater estas. Embora a expr
“A leitura em voz alta pelo professor no contexto do ensino remoto, um rio de possibilidades”
Authors: Ortolan Cláudia Nobre Marques
Published: December 2023

Esta apresentação tem o objetivo de partilhar o trabalho com a “leitura em voz alta” no contexto remoto, realizada no ano de 2020 e tendo continuidade em 2021 com os estudantes do 5º ano. Parte-se da
“DE CÁ PARA LÁ” E “DE LÁ PARA CÁ”: EDUCAÇÃO E FORMAÇÃO ESTÉTICA QUE UNEM OS FIOS DA DOCÊNCIA
Authors: Guedes Adrianne Ogêda , silva Edilane Oliveira da , Ferreira Michelle Dantas , Bonifacio Vitória Bemvenuto
Published: December 2023

“DE CÁ PARA LÁ” E “DE LÁ PARA CÁ”: EDUCAÇÃO E FORMAÇÃO ESTÉTICA QUE UNEM OS FIOS DA DOCÊNCIA

Eixo Temático: 2. Educação das Sensibilidades e Narrativas: o mundo na escola e a escola no mundo

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Cooperativismo de trabalho e geração de renda: a percepção dos trabalhadores sobre o trabalho em cooperativas de catadores de materiais recicláveis em Brasília
Authors: Santos Carolina Cassia Batista
Published: December 2023

Esta comunicação apresenta resultados de tese de doutoramento que desenvolveu um estudo sobre trabalhadores/as excluídos do modelo de emprego formal/padrão que buscam trabalho e renda pela participaçã
Field Evaluation of Fyfanon Ew Against Aedes Aegypti: A Low Odor Ultra-Low Volume Formulation of Malathion
Authors: Cilek J. E. , Farooq M. , Qualls W. A. , Fajardo J. D. , Sallam M. F.
Published: December 2023

A low odor formulation of ultra-low volume (ULV) malathion (Fyfanon EW®) mosquito adulticide was evaluated in the field for its efficacy using caged female Aedes aegypti. Cages were placed in three rows, 30 m apart at 30, 60, and 90 m from the spray line. The product was applied at the manufacturer’s suggested operational rate of 0.28 liter/min (9.5 fl oz/min) and at the maximum label rate of 0.37 liter/min (12.6 fl oz/min) with a Guardian 190ES truck mounted ULV sprayer. At 1 h post-treatment for the manufacturer’s suggested operational rate, adult mortality ranged from 85% at 30 m to 46% at 90 m (overall average 65.5%). At 24 h post-treatment, mortality was significantly greater at each distance with complete control of caged mosquitoes at 30 m and >95% at 90 m. Overall, 24-h average mortality at this rate was 96.8%. At the maximum label rate, mosquito mortality at 1 h was considerably greater at all distances and ranged from about 89% to 75% with an overall average of 84.3%. At 24 h post-treatment, complete mortality was recorded at all transect distances at this higher rate. In conclusion, our results showed that at 24 h, Fyfanon EW® was considered very effective when applied by ULV truck mounted ground equipment for area-wide control of mosquitoes.
παιδίσκη (Phryn. Ecl. 210, Moer. π 56, Poll. 2.17, Poll. 3.76)
Authors: Merisio Elisa Nuria
Published: December 2023

This article collects the erudite texts on the noun παιδίσκη and the ancient loci classici concerning it.
ἤλειπται, κατώρυκται, ὤμοκε (Phryn. Ecl. 23, Phryn. Ecl. 25, Phryn. PS 32.12–4, Moer. κ 64)
Authors: Merisio Elisa Nuria
Published: December 2023

This article collects the erudite texts on the perfect forms ἤλειπται, κατώρυκται and ὤμοκε and the ancient loci classici concerning them.
χρύσεος, χάλκεος, φοινίκεος (Phryn. Ecl. 178, Moer. χ 3, Philemo [Vindob.] 396.28)
Authors: Batisti Roberto
Published: December 2023

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the adjectives χρύσεος, χάλκεος and φοινίκεος discussed in the Atticist lexica Phryn. Ecl. 178, Moer. χ 3, Philemo (Vindob.) 396.28.
κόλλοψ, κόλλαβος (Phryn. Ecl. 164, Antiatt. κ 36, Thom.Mag. 202.3–4)
Authors: Benuzzi Federica
Published: December 2023

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the nouns κόλλοψ and κόλλαβος discussed in the lexica Phryn. Ecl. 164, Antiatt. κ 36, Thom.Mag. 202.3–4.
ἐντέλλω, ἐπισκήπτω, ἐπιτέλλω (Moer. ε 4, Moer. ε 62, Antiatt. ε 49, [Hdn.] Philet. 247)
Authors: Andrea Pellettieri
Published: December 2023

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the verbs ἐντέλλω, ἐπισκήπτω and ἐπιτέλλω discussed in the Atticist lexica Moer. ε 4, Moer. ε 62, Antiatt. ε 49, [Hdn.] Philet. 247.
The Evaluation of New Settlements in Rural Areas: Kalecik Village in Tercan District of Erzincan Province
Authors: İNANÇ Tülay , AYDIN İPEKÇİ Cahide
Published: December 2023

In rural areas where modern residences are rapidly spreading, the local fabric and culture can be relegated to a secondary position, leading to the loss of traditional structures, lifestyles, and authenticity when establishing new settlements. This study aims to determine whether the expectations of the residents living in the new settlement areas built by public institutions in Kalecik village of Tercan district in Erzincan province are met and to assess their satisfaction. In this context, a literature review was conducted, and new settlement areas and residences were examined through on-site observation. Face-to-face surveys were also conducted. The findings indicate that most users have made changes to their homes by adding structures such as oven houses and barns, enclosing open spaces like balconies, and preferring reinforced concrete construction systems. The results emphasize that when planning new rural settlements, the region's climate, culture, and architecture should be taken into account, and the demands of the local population should not be overlooked.
How Free Market Logic Fails in Schooling—And What It Means for the Role of Government
Authors: Harris Douglas N.
Published: December 2023

Market-based policies, especially school vouchers, are expanding rapidly and shifting students out of traditional public schools. This article broadens, deepens, and updates prior critiques of the free market logic in five ways. First, although prior articles have pointed to some of the conditions necessary for efficient market functioning, I provide a more comprehensive list. Second, with an up-to-date literature review, I show that all of these conditions fail to hold to an unusual extent in schooling relative to other markets. Third, because of these failures, I argue that the most potent critique of the free market approach to schooling comes from the intellectual home of markets—economics. Fourth, I show that the issues leading to inefficiency are the same ones leading to inequity. Fifth, I argue that the analysis points to specific roles for government that go well beyond those included in new universal school voucher policies but are also narrower than the roles of government encompassed in traditional public education. For these reasons, the current policy direction is off track and apparently inconsistent with the main criteria on which we evaluate education policy and even with the values that voucher advocates profess.
Investing in open and FAIR practices for more usable and equitable climate-risk research
Authors: Pollack Adam , Auermuller Lisa , Burleyson Casey , Campbell Jentry E. , Condon Madison , Cooper Courtney , Coronese Matteo , Dangendorf Sonke , Doss-Gollin James , Hegde Prabhat , Helgeson Casey , Kopp Robert , Kwakkel Jan , Leaf Andrew , Lesk Corey , Mankin Justin , Nicholas Robert E , Rice Jennie S. , Roth Samantha , Scheeler Moira , Srikrishnan Vivek , Tuana Nancy , Vernon Chris , Zhao Mengqi , Keller Klaus
Published: December 2023

Research that is salient, credible, legitimate, and timely can support climate-risk management goals around the world. Materials that are open and Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (FAIR) help facilitate credibility and legitimacy, and allow for timely reuse of salient resources in new contexts. For example, the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) regulatory impact analyses rely on open and FAIR socioeconomic, climate, and damage models. This approach enhances usability because it enables a broad community of end-users to improve the methods’ fit-for-use in a variety of contexts. In contrast, the booming climate services industry often produces salient and timely materials that are widely used but typically rely on closed models that do not facilitate building credible and legitimate knowledge. This approach risks misguiding decisions with broad-reaching consequences, such as where households choose to live, which mortgages financers securitize, and potentially which policies are adopted by US financial regulators. Unfortunately, too many climate-risk studies are neither open nor FAIR. For example, we demonstrate that only four percent of the most-cited peer-reviewed climate-risk studies in recent years fully share their data and code, a widely stated minimum standard for openness in the scientific community. We highlight strategies that researchers can take to facilitate faster progress in climate science, advance equitable access to usable climate-risk information, and improve climate-risk management. For the benefits of these strategies to outweigh their costs, it is crucial that research institutions and funders lead the way with substantial investments in necessary resources and infrastructure.
Avaliação da areia descartada de fundição (ADF), tratada como componente na produção de concreto usado na construção civil
Authors: Castanho de Freitas João Vitor , Oliveira da Silva Matheus , Pellenz Colombo Vinícius , Thiele Fracassi Maria Angélica
Published: December 2023

A areia descartada de fundição é o principal resíduo proveniente da indústria de fundidos, sendo as possibilidades para seu descarte bastante irregulares, o que afeta o meio ambiente e traz baixas econômicas. Juntamente, destaca-se o seu reaproveitamento em argamassas, auxiliando na redução da extração de recursos naturais. Diante disso, o projeto teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho da substituição parcial da areia natural por ADF, na mistura do concreto. Este artigo relata uma pesquisa experimental, na qual foram produzidos corpos de prova com substituições de 5%, 12,5% e 20%, os quais foram submetidos a ensaios mecânicos e físicos. Os resultados apontaram para viabilidade do uso do resíduo, sendo que a substituição de 12,5% é a mais satisfatória, por apresentar melhor desempenho e diminuição de descarte. Portanto, vê-se necessária a implementação desses recursos por parte da indústria na busca de soluções mais sustentáveis.

Palavras-chave: areia de fundição; concreto; reaproveitamento.
Positivism and interpretivism in the light of the dual nature of social reality
Authors: Shcherbak Svitlana
Published: December 2023

Researchers distinguish two approaches that are paradigmatic for the cluster of social theories: positivist and interpretivist. We have outlined the problematic core that contains the main differences between positivist and interpretivist sociology. In our opinion, the opposition between positivist and interpretive sociology is indicative of social theory, and we have shown the dual nature of social reality. We refuted the classification of social theories into nominalist and realist, showing that such a division does not reveal the dual nature of social reality. The difference between interpretivism and positivism is that positivist sociology focuses on the study of social systems as an independent reality, while interpretive social theory thematises social reality as a socio-cultural universe, and from this perspective raises the question of social institutions.
The crisis of rationality as a symptom of the crisis of systematicity
Authors: Metelyova Tatyana
Published: December 2023

The author shows that the search for new, non-classical forms of rationality is a symptom of the crisis of systematicity in human existence. Rationalism is a worldview correspondence to systemic human existence, and the limits of rationalism coincide with the limits of systematicity. Referring to postmodern philosophy, the author proves that human existence is not limited to systematicity. The scientific scope of the general, the ratio, is inferior to other horizons – aesthetic, moral, mystical, etc. culture-building existence has now declared itself as the only truly human, supersystemic being-in-freedom, whose logic is not limited to rationality. The crisis of rationality has led to an understanding of man as not needing any guidance, and the highest manifestation of his unlimited freedom is his own uncaused self-restraint.
Leibniz’s logic and metaphysics. Problems of philosophical exegetics
Authors: Sekundant Sergii
Published: December 2023

The author of the article analyses the historical and philosophical principles used by B. Russell, L. Couturat, E. Cassirer, H. Heimsoeth, W. Kabitz, B. Jansen, D. Mahnke and others to interpret the relation between logic and metaphysics in the philosophy of G. W. Leibniz. The article proves that the approach of W. Kabitz is a significant regression compared to the approach of E. Cassirer due to the ignoring of Leibniz's contribution to the history of logic, methodology and theory of cognition, as well as due to the too narrow modernised understanding of logic. The author disagrees with the interpretation of B. Jansen, who based Leibniz's philosophy on non-cholastic pre-established harmony. The disadvantage of D. Mahnke's approach is, in the author's opinion, a failure to understand that synthesis for the sake of synthesis can never be creative, and the construction of a universal philosophical system can never be the goal of true philosophical creativity.
Shestov’s Pascal
Authors: Taranov Serhiy
Published: December 2023

The article examines the reasons why L. Shestov interpreted Pascal's philosophy as a philosophy of tragedy, as well as those topics of Pascal's philosophy that attracted Shestov's main attention. The author analyzes the themes of death, faith, reason and suffering in Pascal and Shestov works, and comes to the conclusion that these two thinkers oppose scientism and humanism, the importance of the individual and his destiny. The author also proves that Shestov positively evaluated the role of the heart in Pascal's philosophy and Pascal's attempts to destroy the peace of non-believers by expressing the contradiction between the gifts of faith and the impossibility of their rational justification. Shestov’s"Faith as the second dimension of thinking" is similar to Pascal's understanding of "heart" and "faith". Shestov, like Pascal, competes with "history", which is a manifestation of regularities.
The first ukrainian translation of Élisabeth Badinter's «Condorcet, Prudhomme, Guyomar...Paroles d’hommes (1790-1793)»
Authors: Badinter Élisabeth , Khoma Oleg
Published: December 2023

The first Ukrainian translation of Elizabeth Badenter's work "Condorcet, Prudhomme, Guyomar... Paroles d’hommes (1790-1793)".
The origins of the social contract’s idea and the Modern constructivism
Authors: Proleiev Sergii , Shamrai Victoria
Published: December 2023

The authors of the article aim to show the ideological and historical origins of the idea of a social contract, as well as the fundamental difference between the modern version of the social contract and its historical predecessors. By distinguishing between the synodal and contractual principles of integration, the authors conclude that the social contract is not a purely modern political idea. The contractual principle as the basis of the organization and legitimization of power was systematically developed already in the XIII-XIV centuries, taking the form of a socio-political program in the theory of the cathedral governance of the church. In contrast to medieval concepts, the modern social contract is not a consequence of God's established order, but the will of human individuals. Due to this determination of will, individuals limit their natural freedom for the sake of the possibility and good of common existence.
Unification of fundamental interactions: strong, weak, electromagnetic and gravitational (in the light of the new cosmological concept)
Authors: Bazaluk Oleg
Published: December 2023

The author offers his own vision of the unification of four fundamental interactions through a philosophical analysis of the categories of time and space. Time and space are coexisting self-sufficient phenomena. Time connects three global spaces (inert, living and intelligent substances) into a single hierarchy of the universe. The unification of space and time took place at the first stage of the modern world structure, during the formation of the first global space-time. The cosmological singularity was determined by two main parameters: substance (state of matter) and the energy embedded in it. The author comes to the conclusion that strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions are forces that determine different spaces (geometric constructions). All geometric constructions of fundamental particles are determined by 3 forces (energies). Gravitational force is time, "time-energy", relative to which and "in which" geometric constructions take place.
ФОРМУВАННЯ У СТУДЕНТІВ ІНТЕРЕСУ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТЕЙ НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЙ
Authors: ІВАНЧУК АНАТОЛІЙ , КРАСИЛЬНИКОВА ІРИНА , МАРУЩАК ОКСАНА
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of an experimental verification of the author's method of forming the cognitive interest of future teachers in the laws of emergency situations in the educational environment of a pedagogical university. The laws of transformation of the neuropsychological state of people in emergency situations and the typology of people who spread rumors were chosen as the basic concepts of a separate subject of the academic discipline "Safety of life and the basics of occupational health and safety". The assessment of the structure of students' cognitive interests was carried out according to the qualitative characteristics of cognitive activity, the nature of interest, the degree of independence, the use of free time, and the way to overcome cognitive difficulties. The obtained results were divided into three levels, each of which was assigned the corresponding signs (-), (+) or (0). In order to quantify the shift in students' interests, an interval scale consisting of four intervals was used. At the end of the pedagogical experiment, in the experimental group, unlike the control group, there was a statistically significant increase in the level of students' cognitive interest in the educational material about the patterns of human behavior in emergency situations. The generalization of the obtained results gave grounds for the general conclusion that the implementation in the educational environment of a pedagogical university of a well-founded system of concepts of social psychology, integrated into the content of the educational discipline "Safety of life and the basics of occupational health" activates the cognitive interests of future teachers, and the use of narratives ensures a significant increase in the levels of cognitive interests to the educational material about the inappropriate behavior of people in emergency situations. The applied pedagogical adaptation of the concepts of social psychology to the content of life safety and the use of narratives to explain to students the essence of inappropriate behavior in emergency situations confirmed the viability of the modern tendency to integrate the content of life safety with the content of the disciplines of the humanitarian cycle.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ХІМІЇ ШЛЯХОМ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ WEB-ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: КУЧАЙ ТЕТЯНА , ГОНЧАРУК ВІТАЛІЙ , БІДА ОЛЕНА
Published: December 2023

The article shows ways to improve the professional training of future chemistry teachers by using Web technologies. The use of modern Web technologies allows the teacher to solve a number of didactic and organizational tasks. The main tasks of the process of teaching chemistry through the use of Web technologies are highlighted.
To improve the professional training of future chemistry teachers through the use of web technologies, the importance of sample technology is revealed, which creates conditions for the development of options for virtual communication in combination with real practice. The purpose of the sample technology is the development of professional reflection, rethinking and a new vision of future professional activity and life position in students of higher education. The importance of foresight technology is shown, which is a mechanism for coordinating the interests of individual groups of participants, a complex technology for predicting the future, and is necessary for improving the professional training of future chemistry teachers. The next technology, which is necessary for improving the professional training of future teachers of chemistry, is the Idea Mixer - it is based on a certain way of thinking that allows you to look at the problem of interest to the student from different points of view. This stimulates creative problem solving, even fantasizing about them. Important for the improvement of the professional training of future chemistry teachers is an innovative pedagogical technology - educational geocaching, which teaches students to independently learn about the environment, orientation in space, promotes the ability to reflect and think, draw conclusions.
The design of the pedagogical system for training future chemistry teachers for the use of Web technologies in professional activities is based on the socio-didactic prerequisites and conceptual provisions disclosed in the article.
Technologies and Promising Developments of Graphite Production (Overview)
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Simeiko K. V. ,   Institute of Gas of the NAS of Ukraine, Kupriianchuk S. V. , Syniahovskyi A. O.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to a review of industrial technologies, promising developments, and research in obtaining graphite, particularly nuclear purity. Due to its unique properties, graphite has become an integral part of products used in nuclear energy, power equipment, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, and other industries. Graphite as a constructional and functional material is applied in high-temperature reactors: AVR (Germany), HTGR-1 (USA), improved gas-cooled reactor AGR (England), and in uranium-graphite high-power channeltype reactor (RBMK) (USSR, Russian Federation, Lithuania). At present time, graphite is a constructive and functional material in nuclear power systems of the IV generation, especially in high-temperature gascooled systems (HTGR, HTR, HTGR, VHTR) and liquid salt reactors (MSR). Due to the development of nuclear power systems of the IV generation and the increase in the popularity of electric transport, there is a dynamic increase in the consumption of graphite, therefore the issue of developing and improving technologies for the production of high-purity graphite (including nuclear) are of great practical importance. The aim of the article was to determine the most promising options for producing graphite, especially for using this material in generation IV nuclear power systems in future. Chemical industrial methods of cleaning natural graphite represent an environmental hazard due to the use of toxic precursors, which makes them prohibited in some countries. The main thermal industrial method of obtaining artificial graphite is the heating of coke or anthracite in special electric furnaces at a temperature of about 3000 °C and high pressure without air access. However, this method has several disadvantages, including high energy and resource costs. Among the considered developments and research in the direction of creating technologies for obtaining high-purity graphite, the biggest problem for thermal methods is the complexity of the hardware design and the low yield of the finished product, and for chemical methods (as well as industrial chemical methods) there is an environmental hazard due to the use of toxic substances. One of the promising possibilities is the high-temperature purification of graphite (including nuclear purity) in devices with an electrothermal fluidized bed. However, due to insufficient research in this direction, the technology has not yet gained industrial implementation. Considering the described factors, developing graphite purification technology in electrothermal fluidized bed reactors is an urgent scientific task.
Verification of Scaling Factors in Radiological Characterization of NPP Solid Radwaste Using IAEA Procedure. Overview of Modern Approaches
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Mykhailov O. V. , Bezmylov V. M.
Published: December 2023

To ensure the safety of repositories used for final disposal of solid radioactive waste (SRW) of nuclear power plants and other nuclear installations, the compliance of their radionuclide contamination levels with valid acceptance criteria has to be monitored. Scaling factors (SF) are used in many world countries to quickly solve the problems with radiological characterization of SRW subject to burial. To ensure the reliability of SF application in different countries, episodic or periodic verification and update of SF values is conducted. The purpose of work is to substantiate the global experience of SF verification, which, according to the IAEA methodology, is used for certification of specific and total activity of difficult-to-measure radionuclides (DTM) in SRW batches destined for disposal. The work addresses the current state of SF methodology application, and analyzes the main steps of its implementation. It was stated that current IAEA recommends declare the need for their verification and update of previously established SFs only, without offering any clear algorithms for implementation of this procedure and terms of its realization. However, in practice, such a procedure is used for radiological characterization of SRW in order to ensure quality guarantees in obtaining information regarding their radiation and other characteristics. This work also examines in detail the experience in applying the SF verification on the examples of several world countries. It was concluded that the verification should be a needed element in ensuring the reliability of SF use for radiological characterization of SRW. The experience of verification by means of SF validation using quantitative criteria is summarized. An algorithm is defined, according to which, and based on obtained results, it is possible to come to a statistically justified decision regarding the further use of existing SFs or recognition of a need in their updating for radiological characterization of new batch of waste
Influence of Ionic Strength in the Formation of Increased Migration of 90Sr in Groundwater at the Industrial Site of the Chornobyl NPP
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Kovalenko I. O. , Panasiuk M. I. , Sosonna N. V. , Levin G. V. , Lushnia P. А. , Roienko G. K. , Palamar L. A. , Buzynnyi M. G. ,   SI “O. M. Marzieiev Institute for Public Health”, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Оnyshchenko I. P. ,   SI “Radioenvironmental Centre of the NAS of Ukraine”
Published: December 2023

Thermodynamic modeling of 90Sr migration was performed based on data from monitoring studies on well 4-G, which, before its liquidation in 2008, was located on the industrial site of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant. The study of the 90Sr migration forms was carried out using a set of software tools “Geochemist’s Workbench Community Edition”. In order to confirm and understand the migration processes, modeling of the spread of various complex 90Sr compounds such as SrCO3, SrHCO3, SrSO4, SrOH+ and SrNO3 + with groundwater was carried out. With the help of SpecE8, the calculation of various forms of 90Sr was performed, and the ionic strength of the groundwater solution (ISS) was also calculated. In the range of pH 9.5–12.4, there is an increase in the Sr2+ concentration in groundwater by 200–500 times to 550 Bq/l. In the same pH interval, according to thermodynamic modeling, an increase in the concentration of strontium in the form of SrOH+ and a decrease in the form of Sr2+ is observed in groundwater. At the same time, the dominance of strontium concentrations in the form of SrOH+ over Sr2+ does not occur. The reason for the sharp increase in the volume activities of 90Sr in strongly alkaline groundwater was the increase in the ISS > 5 mmol/l. An increase in the ISS of strongly alkaline groundwater leads to a decrease in the sorption properties of soils, and to the remobilization of adsorbed 90Sr back to groundwater through cation exchange. Probably, in the pH range of 9.5–12.4 and the ISS > 5 mmol/l, there is a change in the surface charge of soil particles, usually from negative to positive, in which cations cannot be sorbed, but, on the contrary, must to remobilize from the soil surface to groundwater. At the same time, pH = 9.5 is probably the point of zero charge (pzc). To assess the possibility of a relationship between the concentrations of 90Sr and ISS, a correlation analysis using the geochemical statistics method was carried out. At the same time, the correlation coefficient K = 0.87, which proves the existence of a close relationship.
Temperature of Concrete Around Localization Area Boundaries of Nuclear Hazardous Clusters of Fuel-Containing Materials Inside the Shelter Object of the Chornobyl NPP
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Mykhailov O. V. , Doroshenko A. O. , Pavliuchenko M. I. , Attarian S. A.
Published: December 2023

Data regarding the concrete temperature distribution around localization area boundaries of nuclear hazardous clusters of fuel-containing materials (NHC FCM) inside the ChNPP Shelter object (SO) were obtained during many-year scientific research. After the commissioning of a New Safe Confinement — SO complex (hereinafter NSC-SO), an expert research system (ERS) was created. ERS was put into operation instead of the information-measuring system “Finish”, which was decommissioned. A new database has been accumulated during the ERS period, but a comprehensive analysis of the measurement results was not conducted. The data obtained by ERS during 2017–2023 was investigated in detail. The general trends of temperature changes around localization area boundaries of NHC FCM are analyzed for 16 monitoring points. The results of the analysis are compared with the data obtained before the commissioning of the NSC-SO. The identified temperature trends are described using regression equations. Analysis of data measurements obtained by the ERS made it possible to determine the peculiarities of the formation of temperature dynamics in different directions of heat scattering from the localization area boundaries of NHC FCM in the conditions of the NSC-SO operation. The results of the work confirmed that the intensity of heat from NHC FCM is gradually decreasing, but in the NSC-SO, temperature gradients that provide FCM cooling with high uranium content in room 305/2 are still stored. There is reason to believe that the tendency to gradually increase the temperature of the concrete of underreactor slab around localization area boundaries of NHC FCM, which was observed during 2017–2021, has changed. There is no further increase in temperature. For almost all monitoring points, it can be expected that in 2023 the average annual temperature will return to the values set in 2021.
Peculiarities of the Shelter Object Individual Unstable Structures Dismantling
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Balan O. V. , Brylka S. H. , Pidbereznyi S. S. , Rudko V. M.
Published: December 2023

The design and construction of the Shelter Object was carried out in a record short time in extreme radiation hazardous conditions, which did not allow the object to be constructed in accordance with the rules and regulations for the design of not only nuclear installations or facilities for radioactive waste management, but also as ordinary industrial buildings. According to the results of on-site inspections and calculated assessments of the technical state of the Shelter Object building structures, which were carried out throughout its existence, structures with an unacceptably high probability of collapse (socalled unstable structures) were identified. Urgent stabilization measures implemented in 2004–2008 provide an acceptable safety level of the Shelter Object in terms of the short-term operation period of its stabilized building structures. In the future, the problem of unstable structures should be resolved by dismantling them inside the New Safe Confinement (NSC). The list of unstable building structures of the Shelter Object, which are subject to dismantling, was determined during the research implementation within the framework of the Shelter Implementation Plan [2, 3]. A main cranes system (MCS) is provided in the NSC for dismantling the Shelter Object unstable structures. The main characteristics of the MCS are given. It is shown that the dismantling of most unstable structures can be carried out using MCS in the reverse sequence of their installation during the Shelter Object construction. However, the dismantling of some structures requires additional equipment and special preliminary work. These include the Mammoth Beam, the weight of which exceeds the carrying capacity of the MCS, and the units of shields-sealers, which are located outside the MCS operating area. Technological solutions are proposed for the Mammoth Beam dismantling by installing a temporary support in the middle part of the beam span in order to cut it into two parts that can be alternately dismantled by the MCS, as well as technological solution for dismantling the shields-sealers units using a special traverse.
A Systematic Approach to the Development of a Methodology for Comparative Analysis of Scenarios for the Shelter Object Transformation into an Ecologically Safe System
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Lev T. D. , Talerko M. M. , Prister B. S.
Published: December 2023

A comprehensive assessment of the impact of wildfires in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone on the adjacent territory within a radius of 100 km in the spring of 2020 and 2022 was carried out, considering the potential and realized radioecological criticality of the territory. The realized radioecological criticality was expressed in the estimated specific activity of 137Cs in plants, which was formed as a result of aerial and root pollution of agricultural vegetation in farm fields and gardens during the transfer and deposition of radionuclides during fires. The specific activity of 137Cs in plants was calculated based on the data on the integrated volumetric activity of 137Cs, obtained by the WRF-LEDI model of atmospheric transport, using the set of models “AeralPlant — SoilPlant” depending on the biological stage of plant development. According to the results of the calculations, thematic mapping was carried out with the selection of zones of maximum and minimum contamination of the territory, taking into account potential radioecological criticality. Regardless of the volume activity of 137Cs in the air and the direction of air transfer, the spatial nature of the distribution of the most critical areas is preserved. As a result, the most critical areas were identified, where dangerous levels of radiation exposure on the population are possible due to atmospheric transport of radionuclides caused by wildfires and extreme weather phenomena (dust storms) in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. Different scenarios of the regional land use structure were considered and thematic assessment maps were built, which are the basis of preventive planning of rehabilitation measures in case of critical situations in accordance with radiation safety norms.
СКЛАДОВІ СЕРЕДОВИЩА МІЖНАРОДНОГО МАРКЕТИНГУ ТА СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНІ ВИМІРИ РИНКІВ КРАЇН СВІТУ У КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ГЕРТА ХОФСТЕДЕ
Authors: Федів Р. , Федів І.
Published: December 2023

У дослідженні виділено та проаналізовано складові середовища впровадження міжнародного маркетингового забезпечення підприємницької діяльності на зовнішніх ринках. Класифіковано види середовища, в якому та з урахуванням особливостей якого вживають заходів, що становлять комплекс міжнародного маркетингу, а також розглянуто різноманітні чинники, які впливають на формування відповідного середовища. У статті розглянуто важливі складові середовища міжнародного маркетингу та їх взаємозв’язок із соціокультурними вимірами ринків країн світу, зокрема згідно з концепцією Герта Хофстеде. Проаналізовано різні аспекти середовища, що впливають на успішне впровадження міжнародного маркетингового забезпечення підприємницької діяльності на зовнішніх ринках.

Окрім того, досліджено національні зразки соціокультурного середовища, які притаманні соціумам узятих до прикладу країн, що впливає на характер здійснення крос-культурних комунікацій при виході національних виробників товарів та послуг на ринки відповідних країн або в разі необхідності налагодження з резидентами та іншими представниками бізнес-середовища та споживачами цих країн контактів, усталених зв’язків та взаємодій.

Запропоновано класифікацію видів середовища, в яких вживаються міжнародні маркетингові заходи, з урахуванням їх особливостей. Розглянуто різноманітні чинники, що впливають на формування відповідного середовища для ефективного міжнародного маркетингу.

Отримані результати дослідження дають змогу встановити взаємозв’язок між складовими середовищ міжнародного маркетингу та соціокультурними вимірами ринків країн світу. Це сприяє кращому розумінню впливу соціокультурних чинників на стратегії міжнародного маркетингу та допомагає підприємствам успішно взаємодіяти на глобальних ринках.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ КОМУНІКАЦІЯМИ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВІ
Authors: Михалюк Н. , Бінерт О. , Федик О. , Синюк О.
Published: December 2023

Сучасне підприємство є надзвичайно складним об’єктом управління. Його особливостями є комплексний характер, необхідність обліку економічних, технічних та політичних чинників, складність як технічної, так і організаційної сфер діяльності, тісний зв’язок із зовнішнім середовищем та його складовими тощо. Проблема підвищення рівня ефективності використання ресурсів підприємства в умовах подальшого розвитку ринку пов’язана насамперед із використанням актуальної та достовірної інформації про зовнішнє та внутрішнє середовище. Найважливіша мета внутрішньої комунікації на підприємстві – створення серед співробітників підтримки цілей і політики підприємства, що проводиться керівництвом. Лише якісно вибудована та ефективна комунікаційна система підприємства може забезпечити виконання завдань. За допомогою комунікації співробітники отримують необхідні знання і мотивацію, стають кращими захисниками і популяризаторами планів підприємства.

Спілкування є значним аспектом соціальної взаємодії, однією з найпоширеніших ознак будь-якої діяльності. Комунікацію можна визначити як форму спілкування, як один із проявів інформаційного обміну або обміну інформацією між живими істотами в процесі їхнього безпосереднього спілкування за допомогою технічних засобів.

Добре налагоджені комунікації сприяють забезпеченню організаційної ефективності. Вважають, якщо підприємство ефективне у сфері комунікації, воно ефективне й в усіх інших видах діяльності. Комунікація – це одна з необхідних умов життя людини в соціумі, а комунікабельність – одна з важливих системних характеристик, супутніх успіху.

Комунікаційний менеджмент – нова форма політичної, наукової, організаційної та технічної влади у суспільстві, за допомогою якої підприємство включається в зовнішнє середовище, відбувається обмін ідеями чи інформацією задля забезпечення взаєморозуміння. Це має досить широке пояснення. Кожен процес має керуватися, особливо такий великий і важливий для життя підприємства, як потік інформації в процесі його функціонування. Вкрай важливо керувати виробничим процесом, процесами постачання та відвантаження продукції, процесом найму персоналу, навчання співробітників тощо. Але це неможливо без організації потоку інформації.
ІННОВАЦІЙНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО УПРАВЛІННЯ ПЛАТОСПРОМОЖНІСТЮ СТРАХОВИХ КОМПАНІЙ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Дранус В. , Дранус Л. , Трушкіна Н.
Published: December 2023

Страхування здійснюється з метою залучення та акумулювання коштів страховиками для виконання зобов’язань перед своїми клієнтами, а також для подальшого інвестування в розширення страхової діяльності та розвиток економіки країни. Успішна діяльність страхових компаній значною мірою залежить від рівня їх фінансового стану, тобто фінансової стійкості та платоспроможності. Фінансовий стан страхової компанії характерний показниками, які описують її здатність до розвитку й успішної роботи в конкурентному ринковому середовищі. Стійкий фінансовий стан страховика є запорукою розвитку в умовах ринкової економіки і забезпеченням стійкості розвитку страхового ринку країни. Охарактеризовано ключові відмінності категорій «фінансова стійкість» та «платоспроможність» страховика. Зауважено, що в наукових публікаціях відсутня погодженість щодо визначення поняття «платоспроможність», здійснено аналіз теоретичних підходів до визначення цього терміна. Окрім того, не всі дослідники у своїх пропозиціях враховують наявність страхової складової. Аргументовано необхідність впровадження інноваційних підходів до показників оцінки фінансової стійкості та платоспроможності страхової організації. Ринок страхування в Україні перебуває в процесі вдосконалення та поліпшення. Інтеграція у Європейський Союз та імплементація директив сприяє покращанню страхування. У статті проаналізовано необхідність впровадження нових директив ЄС, що регламентують питання ринку страхування, методів оцінювання платоспроможності страховика. Визначено, що однією з особливостей нових положень Директив ЄС є ризикоорієнтований підхід до оцінювання платоспроможності страховика. Здійснено порівняння принципів здійснення оцінки платоспроможності страховика за двома підходами – Solvency I та Solvency IІ, визначено їх вимоги, механізми їх впровадження та вірогідні перспективи і можливі труднощі з впровадженням цієї методики оцінки платоспроможності в практичну діяльність страхових компаній.
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ ЛОГІСТИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ АГРАРНОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Кузяк В. , Балик У. , Грещак М.
Published: December 2023

Доведено, що логістика сільськогосподарської продукції в умовах воєнного часу зіштовхується з багатьма труднощами та серйозними обмеженнями через зростання ризиків і нестабільність у міжнародних відносинах. Основна мета дослідження полягає у проведенні аналізу українського експорту товарів, дослідженні та виявленні основних проблем, пошуку оптимальних шляхів для постачання аграрної продукції в умовах війни. Автори сформували основні проблеми постачання аграрної продукції та їх наслідки в період війни. Серед основних проблем – економічні санкції проти військових конфліктів, які обмежують доступ на ринок продукції країн, що перебувають у стані війни. Це істотно ускладнює експорт сільськогосподарської продукції. Війна призводить до руйнування сільськогосподарської інфраструктури, виробничих потужностей і техніки, що призведе до неврожаїв і зниження виробництва. Загалом воєнні дії становлять серйозні ризики для якості та безпеки сільськогосподарської продукції через забруднення ґрунту, води та повітря від вибухів та інших чинників. Доведено, що війна впливає на фінансову стабільність країни, обмінний курс і доступ до фінансових ресурсів для фермерів і агробізнесу, а працівники цієї сфери можуть опинитися під загрозою. Обґрунтовано, що перебої в електропостачанні мають найбільший вплив на складську логістику та можуть спричинювати різноманітні проблеми для домогосподарств, бізнесів та інфраструктури загалом. Унаслідок війни країни можуть втратити доступ до певних споживчих ринків, що може призвести до скорочення експорту та втрати конкурентоспроможності на міжнародних ринках. Для досягнення вказаної мети автори застосували наукові методи, які розкрили сутність та забезпечили концептуальну цілісність дослідження: системний аналіз використано в дослідженні динаміки експорту товарів; порівняльний аналіз – результатів у виявленні проблем постачання аграрної продукції; логічний метод застосовано для підбиття підсумків дослідження та формування висновків.