bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Authentication of Identity Documents Using DNSSEC, Digital Signatures and QR Codes
Authors: Amaral Luiz Fernando Ribeiro , Santos Jorge Guilherme Silva dos , Rocha Mateus Almeida , Gersch Joseph , Amvame-Nze Georges Daniel , Albuquerque Robson de Oliveira , Sousa Júnior Rafael Timóteo de
Published: June 2022

This paper describes a system for authenticating identity documents by digitally signing the data and embedding it in a 2D code to be printed with the document. In the proposed scheme, a message is digitally signed using a digital signature block which is stored in a QR Code. The code is later scanned by the user and, after validation, the corresponding digital information can be compared with the printed information. The authenticity of the message is guaranteed using RSA digital signatures and a secure DNS implementation based on DANE and DNSSEC for the certificate distribution. A proof of concept was implemented using the ISC BIND DNS Server and OpenSSL to create and distribute the certificates and a Telegram Bot for signature verification.
Uso de Controle Chaveado para Mitigação de Ataque Ativo de Identificação de Sistemas com Malha Fechada
Authors: Sá Alan Oliveira de , Carmo Luiz F. Rust da Costa , Machado Raphael C. S.
Published: June 2022

A literatura referente aos ataques físico-cibernéticos em Sistemas de Controle em Rede indica que ataques furtivos e acurados devem ser planejados com base em um conhecimento igualmente acurado sobre o modelo do sistema atacado. Neste contexto, a literatura sobre Sistemas de Controle em Rede reconhece o ataque Ativo de Identificação de Sistemas como uma ferramenta capaz de prover tais modelos ao atacante. No entanto, há uma carência de discussão sobre contramedidas para este ataque específico. Nesse sentido, este trabalho propõe o uso de controladores aleatoriamente chaveados como uma contramedida para o ataque Ativo de Identificação de Sistemas. Os resultados de simulação indicam que esta contramedida é capaz de mitigar o referido ataque e executar, simultaneamente, um controle satisfatório da planta.
Eigenface vs Random Forest: Um Estudo Comparativo em Reconhecimento Facial
Authors: Lima Jardel Ribeiro de , Oliveira Neto Rosalvo Fereira
Published: June 2022

Reconhecimento facial é uma técnica de biometria que apresenta algumas vantagens quando comparada com outras técnicas de biometria existentes. Esta técnica possui vários métodos específicos usados para reconhecimento que foram desenvolvidos em anos de pesquisa, tal como o Eigenface. Por outro lado, técnicas de Inteligência Artificial vêm sendo utilizadas para reconhecimento facial e apresentam bons resultados. Este artigo apresenta uma comparação de performance entre essas duas abordagens, aplicadas em duas base de dados de dois conhecidos benchmarks. As técnicas selecionadas foram Eigenface e Random Forest, sendo comparado os valores de taxa de erro, tempo de treinamento, tempo de classificação e memória consumida no treinamento.
Robustness Testing of CoAP Server-side Implementations through Black-box Fuzzing Techniques
Authors: Melo Bruno da S. , Geus Paulo Lício de
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the current status of our research on the robustness of CoAP server-side implementations. We discuss the importance of the CoAP protocol as an enabler of the Internet of Things (IoT) vision, and also the current state of CoAP implementations available out there. Then, we proceed to test those implementations using fuzzing techniques previously used in the literature in areas such as Web Service and Network Protocol security testing, namely Random, Mutational and Generational Fuzzing, both "dumb" and "smart". Finally, we provide preliminary results and analysis regarding i) how robust the CoAP implementations studied are and ii) how the different fuzzing techniques used compare to each other.
Parlamentarische Diskussion über die Erreichung von Wirkungszielen in Österreich
Authors: Seiwald Johann , Gschiel Petra , Polzer Tobias
Published: June 2022

Der Beitrag fokussiert auf die Rolle von Wirkungsinformationen in der parlamentarischen Rechenschaftslegung in Österreich und bezieht sich damit auf ein Kernthema der Haushaltsrechtsreform des Bundes aus dem Jahr 2013. Im Parlament wurde 2015 ein Unterausschuss des Budgetausschusses eingerichtet, um die jährlichen Rechenschaftsberichte zur Wirkungsorientierung einer systematischen politischen und methodischen Debatte zu unterziehen. Der Artikel analysiert die Debatten im Unterausschuss und hier insbesondere die Gestaltung des Rechenschaftsdiskurses sowie die Grenzen, die einem solchen Diskurs gesetzt sind. Die Analyse der Ausschussprotokolle zeigt zunächst eine starke methodische Auseinandersetzung der Abgeordneten mit den Angaben zur Wirkungsorientierung, die jedoch in jüngeren Debatten immer stärker in eine inhaltliche, strategische Diskussion mündet. Abschließend stellt der Aufsatz mögliche Weiterentwicklungspotenziale der Wirkungsorientierung dar.
Methodenlehre des gerichtlichen Erkenntnisverfahrens
Authors: Strauch Hans-Joachim
Published: June 2022

Judicial proceedings that start with filing an action and end with a verdict are called »contentious proceedings« in procedural law, in contrast to enforcement proceedings. At the same time this term also illustrates the decisive theoretical perspective of this book: The questions: »How do the judges recognize the facts of the case?«, »How do they recognize the law?«, »How do they reach their verdict?« always and unavoidably deal with epistemological conditions and requirements for judicial verdicts. »The« truth and »the« law are not »found« by the judge. They are »constructed« in complex cognitive processes. For these processes it is necessary to determine the patterns of description and explanation, with which we can analyze them and within this context it is necessary to mention epistemology, cognitive sciences, linguistics, semiotics (pattern recognition), form of thought and sociological patterns of explanation, for example by Luhmann and Bourdieu. All cognitive processes that are relevant for a judicial decision are in principle objects of a methodology of judicial practice. The central theoretical perspective of this book is determined by the thought that method is to be understood as establishing coherence. By taking up the philosophical discussion about »coherence« and expanding on it, Hans-Joachim Strauch gains a sustainable theoretical approach, from which answers to questions about the »right decision« can be concluded.
The European Council as a Crisis Manager
Authors: Wessels Wolfgang , Schramm Lucas , Kunstein Tobias
Published: June 2022

Faced with the deepest economic crisis in its history, the European Union established a seminal COVID-19 recovery package relying on common debt. This book analyses the European Council’s key role as a crisis manager and transformative force of the EU system. Combining thick descriptions of the history-making events of 2020-21 with EU theorising, we explain and critically assess the innovative set-up of the recovery package. Inside the European Council, we find a remarkable impetus for political consensus among national leaders. However, their detailed and ambiguous decisions at times came at the cost of political delay, legal uncertainty, and thin public scrutiny.
Development and Validation of Redeemer’s University Depression Scale (RUDS)
Authors: Akpunne Bede Chinonye , Akinnawo Ebenezer Olutope , Ofovwe Caroline Edekie , Bello Ibukunoluwa Busayo
Published: June 2022

Background: Despite the high prevalence reported in the literature, there is a paucity of indigenous diagnostic tools to assess depression severities among the Nigerian population. Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate a depression scale entitled Redeemer’s University Depression Scale (RUDS). Methods: This research had four stages. The first stage involved the initial generation of 32 items based on a literature search. In the second stage, the items were reduced to 21 using content validity/expert assessments. In the third stage, the 21-item RUDS was administered to 86 University undergraduates and refined through an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Also, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity (BTS) measured the factorability. At the fourth stage, 456 undergraduates responded to the 19-item RUDS, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Results: The observed KMO measure was .88, and a significant sphericity test was observed (χ2 = 1133.647, df = 210, P = 0.000). The principal component analysis (PCA) extracted four components from items whose eigenvalues exceeded 1. Nineteen of the 21 items loaded best in the first component, two in the second component, and one on the third and fourth components. The scree plot analysis retained one component (depressive symptoms). Item-total correlation further showed that the values of two items in the first component fell below the very good discrimination and were deleted from the scale. The RUDS had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.91, concurrent validity of r = 0.787, P = 0.000. Also, r = 0.521 and P = 0.000 were observed between RUDS and CES-D, and between RUDS and GHQ-12, respectively. Conclusions: The RUDS is gender-sensitive, has acceptable psychometric properties, and is recommended as a diagnostic tool for assessing depression in adolescents and adults.
Impacts of Nano-Gelatin Coating Containing Thymol and Nisin on Chemical Quality Indices of Rainbow Trout Fillets Stored at 4°C
Authors: Hashemi Mohammad , Pourmousavi Faezeh Sadat , Mohajer Fatemeh , Noori Seyyed Mohammad Ali
Published: June 2022

Background: Seafood such as fish is an integral part of human nutrition and an excellent source of protein. However, their short shelf life is quite challenging for the food industry. Objectives: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of nano-gelatin coating embedded with thymol and nisin on the chemical quality indices of rainbow trout fillets during 16 days of storage at 4°C. Methods: The fillets were randomly divided into six groups, including control (C), gelatin (G), nano-gelatin (NG), nano-gelatin + thymol (NG-T), nano-gelatin + nisin (NG-N), and nano-gelatin + nisin and thymol (NG-T-N). The chemical quality of fish samples was assessed by performing pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), peroxide value (PV), free fatty acid (FFA), and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) analyses every four days. Results: The results revealed the stunning effect of nisin and thymol addition to the nano-gelatin coating on all chemical quality indices. Besides, PV, TBARS, and FFA analyses showed that nano-gelatin containing thymol significantly decreased lipid oxidation in fish fillet samples (P < 0.05). The lowest amounts of PV (8.33 meq oxygen/kg oil), TBARS, and FFA were recorded for NG-T-N. The best results in the TBARS test (P < 0.05) were observed in NG-T-N, followed by NG-T (1.45 and 1.69 mg of malonaldehyde/kg of tissue, respectively), and similar results were recorded for FFA analysis. On day 16, the lowest amounts of TVB-N were measured for NG-T-N, followed by NG-N and NG-T (26.13, 29.86, and 38.26 mg N/100 g, respectively). Both nisin and thymol reduced the TVB-N and increased the shelf life, and the best results were observed in groups treated with nisin and thymol simultaneously. However, the application of gelatin and nano-gelatin coating without nisin and thymol was ineffective in improving the chemical quality of samples, and they must be used with nisin and/or thymol. Conclusions: Gelatin nanogel embedded with thymol and nisin can be utilized to enhance the chemical quality and shelf life of fish fillets.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Neonates Born to SARS-CoV2 Positive Mothers: An Observation Study from a Single Center in South India
Authors: MV Krithika , GCM Pradeep , Mangalgi Sharanabasavesh , BK Sujani
Published: June 2022

Background: The World Health Organization has declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic worldwide. Older people, individuals with comorbidities, and pregnant women are more susceptible to this virus, leading to adverse outcomes and mortality. Methods: Mothers with COVID-19 were divided into two groups of symptomatic and asymptomatic positive cases. Neonates were clinically evaluated and screened at 24 - 48 hours of age for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Maternal and neonatal demographics, clinical characteristics, and follow-up at 14 days post-discharge were recorded. The adverse birth outcomes, preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM), cesarean section delivery (C-section), and duration of hospital stay were evaluated. Results: Out of 453 pregnant women, 59 (13.1%) and 394 (86.9%) were positive and negative for SARS-CoV-2, respectively. We subclassified 59 infected pregnant women into two groups symptomatic (10.1%) and asymptomatic (89.8%). The PPROM (P = 0.001), gestational diabetes mellitus (P = 0.006), C-section (P = 0.002), and APGAR score (P = 0.029) had a significant association with SARS-CoV-2 presence in mothers and neonates. Conclusions: None of the neonates from infected pregnant women were infected with SARS-CoV-2, suggesting negligible risk for mother-to-child transmission of the virus. However, the mother-newborn dyad needs to be followed up further to confirm our results.
Alchemy and the Transformation of Matter in Richard Crashaw’s Poetry (1612-1649)
Authors: Schultz Fabrice ,   Zeta Books
Published: June 2022

This paper studies the English poems of Richard Crashaw (1612-1649) from a historicist and formalist perspective. It specifically considers Crashaw’s poetry in its religious but also intellectual and early scien­tific context to investigate the frequently overlooked influence of science on his poetry. Metaphors drawn from alchemy and particularly from the trans­formation of matter to achieve its purification and spiritualisation enrich the poet’s expression of mystical devotion to underline that access to the spiritual as well as mystical union with Christ are deeply rooted in the devotee’s body. Representations of the earth as a chemical laboratory focus on materiality and corporality to emphasise the constant movement animating matter. A form of spiritual alchemy underscores Crashaw’s Christocentrism and references to the metamorphoses of matter consistently aim to express mystical union. A meta-poetic analysis eventually highlights a significant analogy between reading and alchemical processes in order to demonstrate the anagogical aim of Crashaw’s verse and the way his poems work on his reader’s heart to lift his soul. References to liquefaction, distillation or sublimation echo the published works of mystics but alchemical conceits based on symbolically evocative topoï and polysemic vocabulary reinforce the importance of the corporal in the expe­rience of mystical union.
início da carreira docente e a influência dos estabelecimentos de ensino
Authors: Campos Ana Elisa Araújo Maia , Ferenc Alvanize Valente Fernandes , Dotta Leanete Teresinha Thomas
Published: June 2022

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a influência dos estabelecimentos de ensino no processo de socialização profissional de egressas do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID). Por meio de entrevistas de cunho narrativo são tecidos os diálogos com a literatura, em que se encontram autores como Dubar (1997), Gecas (1981), Lortie (1975), Van Zanten (2013), Fortes e Flores (2013), Berger e Luckmann (2014), dentre outros. Participaram desse estudo cinco professoras em início da carreira docente, atuantes no Ensino Fundamental e que estiveram inseridas no Pibid, quando cursaram a Pedagogia em uma instituição pública do Estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil). Os resultados indicam que o processo de socialização no estabelecimento de ensino apresenta muitos desafios, como: lidar com o inesperado, com o inusitado, sendo responsável por uma sala e por alunos; construir estratégias de trabalho coletivo, imposto pela organização da instituição ou por uma necessidade do próprio exercício profissional; superar o sentimento de exclusão e caminhar em direção aos estudantes como forma de obter “recompensas psíquicas” na docência. A conclusão que se chega é que os diferentes tipos de estabelecimentos de ensino influenciam no processo de socialização profissional de formas distintas. A intensidade que cada ator (alunos, pares, direção, supervisão e os pais) exerce influência no estabelecimento de ensino depende do contexto sócio espacial que a escola se insere, do tipo de estabelecimento de ensino (público/privado), do nível socioeconômico das famílias atendidas e das características do corpo docente da escola.
Provoque: Cultura Visual, Masculinidades e Ensino de Artes Visuais
Authors: Carvalho Francione Oliveira
Published: June 2022

Resenha da obra Provoque: cultura visual, masculinidades e ensino de artes visuais, escrita por João Paulo Baliscei e publicada pela Editora Metanoia em 2020.
DO LADO DE CÁ DO ATLÂNTICO: um discípulo polonês de Édouard Claparède
Authors: Perdomo Selma Barboza , Mignot Ana Chrystina , Santos Daise Silva dos
Published: June 2022

Tomando como ponto de partida a chegada de Édouard Claparède ao Brasil, em 1930, detivemo-nos nas manifestações elogiosas na imprensa que cercavam o visitante e nos discípulos que o aguardavam no porto do Rio de Janeiro. O foco foi dirigido a Waclaw Radecki, psicólogo polonês, que decidiu morar no Brasil em 1923. Fundou no Rio de Janeiroo Laboratório de Psicologia na Colônia dos Psicopatas do Engenho de Dentro e, sob a orientação de Claparède, concluiu doutorado em Genebra em 1911. A análise da trajetória de Radecki tem como objetivo ampliar a compreensão sobre o intercâmbio de ideias entre a Suíça e o Brasil que inspirou importantes iniciativas na psicologia e na educação brasileira. Os resultados dessa análise mostraram que ele estabeleceu contato com o Institut Jean Jacques Rousseau, em 1928, aonde observou práticas e experimentos laboratoriais como descritos por Nilton Campos no “Relatório de viagem realizada à Europa para estudos psicológicos”, fonte aqui privilegiada. Após recepcionar o mestre, ampliou seus objetivos transformando o Laboratório em Instituto de Psicologia, ambicionando instituir ali o primeiro Curso de Psicologia em território brasileiro. Os ensinamentos de Claparède repercutiram na formulação de perspectivas teóricas com claras implicações na Pedagogia e na Psicologia contemporânea, contudo, parece não ter alcançado seu discípulo. A forma de atuação de Radecki sinaliza premissas do ensino prático do método experimental, da forma de atuação do Institut Jean Jacques Rousseau, norteando suas implementações inovadoras no Laboratório e Instituto de Psicologia, sendo esse um importante legado deixado aos psicólogos e educadores brasileiros.
contexto da pós-graduação stricto sensu no âmbito da formação pedagógica e a formação docente em Ciências Biológicas: o que revela a produção acadêmica
Authors: Garcia Juliana Bittencourt , Cunha Maria Isabel da
Published: June 2022

Este estudo buscou mapear como a formação pedagógica em Programas de Pós-Graduação stricto sensu e a formação de docentes universitários da área das Ciências Biológicas se apresentam no contexto da produção acadêmica de Programas de Pós-Graduação brasileiros. Para isso, realizamos uma busca na literatura, valendo-nos dos princípios da construção de Estado de Conhecimento na perspectiva de Morosini. A mesma foi realizada a partir de trabalhos publicados na plataforma Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Orientamos nossa pesquisa a partir de dois descritores de busca: “formação pedagógica em cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu” e “formação para docência em ciências biológicas”, procuramos ainda subsidiar duas questões norteadoras. Nossos achados apontam para o reconhecimento, por parte dos docentes e/ou pesquisadores, da fragilidade da formação pedagógica para atuação no ensino superior. Na maioria dos trabalhos, é ressaltada a necessidade de articulação do conhecimento da área específica com o conhecimento pedagógico. No entanto, percebe-se também a dificuldade em superar o paradigma de que quem sabe fazer, sabe ensinar, contribuindo para a reprodução de práticas de ensino tradicionais, baseadas na lógica positivista, e para a pouca importância dada à formação pedagógica.
dicotomia entre as exigências do mercado e a política reparadora do Proeja
Authors: Soares Paulo Sérgio Gomes , Morais Sônia Eduardo de , Sousa Janderson Henrique Mota de
Published: June 2022

O artigo propõe um debate crítico sobre a formação discursiva do Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na Modalidade de Jovens e Adultos (Proeja), apontando a dicotomia existente entre o discurso da política reparadora e a pressão por formação para atender aos interesses do mercado. O objetivo do artigo é mostrar que, em tempos de contrarreforma, a síntese entre a política reparadora e a supervalorização da formação para o mercado revela aspectos do processo de mercantilização da educação e a relação com a precarização do trabalho, conforme a reestruturação produtiva capitalista, em face dos avanços tecnológicos. A análise do problema se fundamenta nas concepções teórico-metodológicas do sociólogo Robert Castel, sobre as zonas de integração, vulnerabilidade, desfiliação e assistência, que permitem extrair evidências de integração precária (vulnerabilidade) ou mesmo completa exclusão do trabalhador do mercado de trabalho, devido ao fim do pleno emprego.
interdisciplinaridade em cursos de Ensino Médio Integrado: previsão documental e práticas no IFMG
Authors: Souza Carolina Helena Miranda e , Moreira Samantha Cidaley de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

A pesquisa que resultou neste artigo teve como objetivo analisar previsões documentais e aspectos práticos da interdisciplinaridade adotados nos cursos de Ensino Médio Integrado em Edificações ofertados em diferentes campi do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais. Para isso foram adotados os métodos revisão documental e bibliográfica; análise de Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso (PPC); elaboração e aplicação de questionário aos coordenadores dos cursos investigados. A revisão bibliográfica foi realizada entorno das definições e formas de implementação da interdisciplinaridade, enquanto a revisão documental teve como foco compreender os aspectos legais que delimitam as possibilidades de sua implementação. Com a análise dos PPC, concluiu-se que a interdisciplinaridade é mencionada com alguma frequência, porém sem os instrumentos para sua efetiva realização, que fica condicionada à iniciativa dos professores. Nas consultas aos coordenadores, foi possível identificar iniciativas nos campi que buscam a interdisciplinaridade, no entanto essas atividades ainda não são consolidadas. Na conclusão, foram elaboradas indicações que objetivam uma maior adoção desse método de ensino, considerando-se a realidade dos campi estudados.
Docência como profissão: reflexões acerca de aspectos subjetivos que a constituem
Authors: Locatelli Arinalda Silva , Vieira Lívia Maria Fraga
Published: June 2022

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a categoria docência como profissão, considerando aspectos predominantemente subjetivos, a partir da dimensão status e identidade docente. Utilizou-se como base os resultados obtidos a partir dos questionários aplicado a 137 sujeitos docentes (professoras e monitoras) atuantes nas instituições públicas de Educação Infantil, das áreas rural e urbana de dois municípios da região Amazônica, conhecida como Bico do Papagaio, localizada ao norte do estado do Tocantins. As análises mostram que as docentes pesquisadas, constroem uma identidade com a profissão exercida, ainda que algumas, tenham ingressado na profissão por acaso.  É perceptível um forte traço maternal presente nesse construto identitário, fruto da visão estereotipada acerca da majoritária presença feminina no magistério e da não compreensão do cuidar como uma categoria social. Por fim, no quesito status, as docentes ainda sentem que suas ações são reconhecidas e se agarram a um ethos profissional para continuar na profissão.
processos de aprendizagem e avaliação tecnológica pensam nas pessoas? Uma abordagem de Design Centrado no Ser Humano sobre a EdTech
Authors: Boechat Cid , Mont'Alvão Claudia
Published: June 2022

A tecnologia não é apenas uma ferramenta neutra, cujo efeito dependerá do uso que dela se faz. Inovações trazem em si discursos e intenções, modificando a sociedade ao mesmo tempo em que são modificadas por ela. No momento, são discutidas, desenvolvidas e aplicadas ferramentas que permitem - ou se propõem a - medir e registrar dados do perfil cognitivo dos alunos, predizer performances de aprendizagem futura e até corrigir trabalhos e gerar exemplos de forma autônoma, sem participação humana. Ao problematizar esta questão sob a ótica do Design Centrado no Ser Humano (DCSH), este trabalho busca discutir quais podem ser os efeitos positivos e negativos sobre alunos e professores que usam algumas aplicações tecnológicas na aprendizagem e avaliação. O artigo começa contextualizando diferentes discursos e visões, positivos e negativos, sobre a inter-relação entre tecnologia, Educação e sociedade. Em seguida, apresenta e caracteriza algumas tendências tecnológicas da Educação atual, inclusive aplicações em fase de desenvolvimento. Nesse contexto, será discutido como essas tecnologias podem incidir sobre alunos e professores, os principais stakeholders envolvidos. Por fim, o artigo faz relação entre todas essas questões e o Design centrado na aprendizagem e o DCSH, trazendo, assim, um questionamento central: o processo tecnológico de aprendizagem e avaliação é conduzido com a devida atenção aos fatores humanos e contextuais?
Corporeidade e jogo como linguagem
Authors: Marin Elizara Carolina
Published: June 2022

Trata-se de uma resenha crítica sobre o livro Corporeidade, jogo, linguagem: A Educação Física nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de autoria de Mauro Betti e Pierre Normando Gomes-da-Silva, professores universitários proeminentes da Educação Física brasileira. Faz parte da Coleção Docência em Formação, publicado em 2018 pela Editora Cortez.
A contribuição dos recursos educacionais abertos melhorar o ensino superior nos países do Sul: o caso da Tunísia
Authors: Taziri Adel Ben , Akkari Abdeljalil
Published: June 2022

Os recursos educativos abertos - REA - e as práticas educativas abertas - PEO - apresentam várias características relevantes, incluindo a possibilidade de reprodução, reutilização, revisão, adaptação e redistribuição que têm levado os investigadores a ponderarem a utilização de REA e PEOs para responder aos desafios educativos decorrentes da a situação crítica inesperada do surto de Covid-19. A pesquisa realizada como parte deste trabalho de pesquisa visa identificar e analisar as práticas relacionadas ao uso de REA e PEO no ensino superior tunisiano. Ela está particularmente interessada em como os professores mobilizam, processam, produzem, integram, distribuem e promovem recursos educacionais abertos. Este artigo apresenta uma forma sintética dos resultados obtidos, acompanhado de uma primeira análise dos dados. Outras publicações e ações de valorização resultantes deste estudo serão posteriormente produzidas e distribuídas.
Comercialização e processamento dos produtos da pesca artesanal na fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Veiverberg Cátia Aline , Pires Cinthia Bonilha , Bergamin Giovani Taffarel
Published: June 2022

A pesca artesanal é uma atividade econômica geradora de renda a várias famílias que vivem às margens do rio Uruguai. A grande maioria dos pescadores da região tem na pesca a sua principal fonte de renda, sendo considerados pelo Estado como um grupo que possui fragilidades, principalmente no acesso às políticas públicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o perfil e as demandas dos pescadores artesanais de Uruguaiana e Barra do Quaraí, na fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul, quanto à comercialização e o processamento do pescado. O levantamento foi obtido através do diagnóstico rápido participativo (DRP) em dois momentos, um em cada município. Neste artigo são apresentadas as principais problemáticas observadas e levantadas pelos pescadores, discutindo estratégias para melhorias na apresentação e comercialização do pescado, geração de renda familiar e ampliação do hábito de consumo de pescado na região. Os pescadores artesanais da fronteira oeste dependem da pesca como única fonte de renda e enfrentam dificuldades de inserção do pescado nos mercados locais formais, além de sofrerem com a sazonalidade da comercialização. Assim, é preciso considerar que estas comunidades são dependentes de políticas públicas e ações que suportem a pesca responsável e estimulem a comercialização do produto nos mercados locais, como a melhoria da forma de apresentação do produto e a agregação de valor de espécies com baixa procura.
Introducing Grade 3 Students to Digital Data Exploration
Authors: Frischemeier Daniel
Published: June 2022

Bar graphs are fundamental to display distributions of categorical variables in primary school. Here is an approach using TinkerPlots™ to create bar graphs on different representation levels in small and large data sets.
Our Children Are Not Numbers
Authors: Guarino Jody , Cole Shelbi , Sperling Michelle
Published: June 2022

In a humanized approach to assessment, the design of the instrument itself is only a small part of the overall process.
The role of women in the formation of gallant aesthetics.
Authors: Zaуtseva Nataliya Vladimirovna
Published: June 2022

The object of the study is radical changes in gender relations in France in the first half of the XVII century, increasing the social role of women.The process of turning the knightly estate into a courtier against the background of the strengthening of the royal court leads to the fact that men leave the historically habitual and habitual ideal of knightly valor, entering the space of salons and the court. In this space, they are forced to comprehend the art of secular communication that is new to them and the art of liking the participants of this communication. That art, which, according to contemporaries, was perfectly mastered by women. Through language, education, literature, women take part in the birth and establishment of a public space built around new gender norms, a new practice of fiction. The recognition of a woman in the moralistic literature of the first half of the XVII century as equal to a man in dignity and nobility makes her an equal participant in secular communication. Women's authority eventually begins to determine the direction of criticism, women act as arbiters of good taste in literature and art. At this time, a modern view of the relationship between the sexes is being formed. All these phenomena are characteristic of European culture as a whole and largely determine the modern European mentality. The analysis of the historical prerequisites for the increase in social activity and the role of women is extremely important and relevant both for understanding many historical realities, including the formation of the European gender tradition, and for studying the influence of these processes on the formation of new aesthetic ideals. Gallant aesthetics develops with the participation and under the influence of women, since gallant culture is a culture permeated with the idea of love.
Minian, an open-source miniscope analysis pipeline
Authors: Dong Zhe , Mau William , Feng Yu , Pennington Zachary T , Chen Lingxuan , Zaki Yosif , Rajan Kanaka , Shuman Tristan , Aharoni Daniel , Cai Denise J
Published: June 2022

Miniature microscopes have gained considerable traction for in vivo calcium imaging in freely behaving animals. However, extracting calcium signals from raw videos is a computationally complex problem and remains a bottleneck for many researchers utilizing single-photon in vivo calcium imaging. Despite the existence of many powerful analysis packages designed to detect and extract calcium dynamics, most have either key parameters that are hard-coded or insufficient step-by-step guidance and validations to help the users choose the best parameters. This makes it difficult to know whether the output is reliable and meets the assumptions necessary for proper analysis. Moreover, large memory demand is often a constraint for setting up these pipelines since it limits the choice of hardware to specialized computers. Given these difficulties, there is a need for a low memory demand, user-friendly tool offering interactive visualizations of how altering parameters at each step of the analysis affects data output. Our open-source analysis pipeline, Minian (miniscope analysis), facilitates the transparency and accessibility of single-photon calcium imaging analysis, permitting users with little computational experience to extract the location of cells and their corresponding calcium traces and deconvolved neural activities. Minian contains interactive visualization tools for every step of the analysis, as well as detailed documentation and tips on parameter exploration. Furthermore, Minian has relatively small memory demands and can be run on a laptop, making it available to labs that do not have access to specialized computational hardware. Minian has been validated to reliably and robustly extract calcium events across different brain regions and from different cell types. In practice, Minian provides an open-source calcium imaging analysis pipeline with user-friendly interactive visualizations to explore parameters and validate results.
Differentiated glioma cell-derived fibromodulin activates integrin-dependent Notch signaling in endothelial cells to promote tumor angiogenesis and growth
Authors: Sengupta Shreoshi , Mondal Mainak , Prasasvi Kaval Reddy , Mukherjee Arani , Magod Prerna , Urbach Serge , Friedmann-Morvinski Dinorah , Marin Philippe , Somasundaram Kumaravel
Published: June 2022

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) alone can initiate and maintain tumors, but the function of non-cancer stem cells (non-CSCs) that form the tumor bulk remains poorly understood. Proteomic analysis showed a higher abundance of the extracellular matrix small leucine-rich proteoglycan fibromodulin (FMOD) in the conditioned medium of differentiated glioma cells (DGCs), the equivalent of glioma non-CSCs, compared to that of glioma stem-like cells (GSCs). DGCs silenced for FMOD fail to cooperate with co-implanted GSCs to promote tumor growth. FMOD downregulation neither affects GSC growth and differentiation nor DGC growth and reprogramming in vitro. DGC-secreted FMOD promotes angiogenesis by activating integrin-dependent Notch signaling in endothelial cells. Furthermore, conditional silencing of FMOD in newly generated DGCs in vivo inhibits the growth of GSC-initiated tumors due to poorly developed vasculature and increases mouse survival. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that DGC-secreted FMOD promotes glioma tumor angiogenesis and growth through paracrine signaling in endothelial cells and identifies a DGC-produced protein as a potential therapeutic target in glioma.
The effect of frame factors on (vocational) teacher educators’ teaching work
Authors: Asghari Hamid , Andersén Annelie
Published: June 2022

This study is about six teacher educators’ descriptions of their teaching of (vocational) subject-specific didactics to teacher students at a university in Sweden. The analysis has been carried out categorically on the basis of material from two focus group interviews and with a narrative approach. Central to the narrative approach is the basic assumption that narratives are constructed together with and in relation to other people. The theoretical approach in the study is based on the concept of frame factors. We have assumed Hiim’s (2010) didactic relationship model, but use only the frame factors in her model. The study tries to answer the research question: What categories of teaching-related frame factors appear in the teacher educators’ descriptions of their teaching? The results comprise four categories and show that time, authorities, evaluation, and student base, aspects that are related to other factors in Hiim’s relationship model, govern their teaching. The conclusion is that the teacher educators try to create opportunities for their students, who are prospective teachers, to acquire teaching skills alongside an ongoing societal development, but this attempt is governed by frame factors that they themselves are unable to change.
A False-positive Diatom Test in a Non-drowned Victim of Multiple Stab Wounds
Authors: Ha Hongil , Sim Yun Taek
Published: June 2022

For the diagnosis of drowning in immersed bodies, the diatom test has been controversial due to false-negative and false-positive results. Causes of false positive results include antemortem penetration of diatoms, and postmortem contamination during the submersion or the diatom preparation process. Herein, we report a false-positive case in a 30-year-old woman who died from homicidal multiple stab wounds and was thrown into a shallow farm waterway approximately 10 days after her death. In addition, a discussion on the false-positive diatom test results in immersed bodies with penetrating wounds is provided.
Conceptualización del evento comunicativo "conversación"
Authors: Unda D. Viviana
Published: June 2022

No presenta resumen
Host–virus relationships: a sum of many battles
Authors: López‐Lastra Marcelo
Published: June 2022

The spread of pathogenic viruses implies host infection, replication, and virus dissemination. In each step, viruses have to overcome the host defenses designed to neutralize the threat they pose. The host–virus relationship represents a constant multistage battle for power as the host/cell does not voluntarily give in to the viral enemy. Upon infection, cells recognize viral pathogen‐associated molecular patterns, activating the innate antiviral defenses. As such, during most of the replication cycle, the virus has to deal with the cellular antiviral response. At this point, it should not be forgotten that viruses are obligate intracellular parasites and thus are entirely dependent on the host cell for their replication. This dependency has pushed viruses to evolve unorthodox strategies to subvert and repurpose cellular factors and processes required for efficient replication. Even if a virus has the potential to be successful at each step necessary for its spread, this does not mean it has won the war against the host. Another threat to viruses is represented by antiviral drugs designed to diminish their survival and promote the host's wellbeing. This editorial outlines the contents of this special ‘In the Limelight’ issue of FEBS Open Bio focused on Virology. The section contains four review articles, each focused on a particular aspect of virus–host interaction, including the antiviral response, subversion of the host translational machinery, repurposing of cellular factors, and the development of antiviral drugs.
Generating Multistructured Ultrasound via Bioinspired Metaskin Patterning for Low‐Threshold and Contactless Control of Living Organisms
Authors: Li Peng‐Qi , Li Zong‐Lin , Zhou Wei , Wang Shengwu , Meng Long , Peng Yu‐Gui , Chen Zhi , Zheng Hairong , Zhu Xue‐Feng
Published: June 2022

Metasurfaces of the subwavelength thicknesses provide a distinctive route for acoustic wave manipulation. Based on the advanced 3D printing, those judiciously designed 2D metamaterials enable intriguing effects such as abnormal reflection, transmission, and absorption. However, acoustic metasurfaces, with strong wave–structure interactions in subwavelength scales, have encountered a big challenge of being acoustically transparent due to the insufficient impedance mismatch underwater. Here, reconfigurable bioinspired metaskin patterning for generating multistructured waterborne ultrasound is proposed. The nanostructured metaskin exhibits the “lotus effect,” with the thickness of only 70 μm (≈1/20 wavelength at 1 MHz) and a tremendous impedance mismatch (≈0.0001 transmission) for ultrasound. By depositing the strippable metaskins via self‐assembly into different patterns, the focusing, the vortex, and the Talbot structured ultrasound beams are implemented, respectively. The multistructured ultrasound has the patterned intensity fields of energy redistribution, where even weak field enhancement at low frequencies can activate the living organisms directly without using microbubbles, which enables low‐threshold and contactless behavior control via the mechanical stimulus.
Living Biointerfaces for the Maintenance of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Phenotypes
Authors: Petaroudi Michaela , Rodrigo‐Navarro Aleixandre , Dobre Oana , Dalby Matthew J. , Salmeron‐Sanchez Manuel
Published: June 2022

Living interfaces are established as a novel class of active materials that aim to provide an alternative to traditional static cell culture methods by enabling users to accurately control cell behaviour in a precise, dynamic, and reliable system‐internal manner. To this day, the only reported biointerface has been a coculture between a biofilm of nonpathogenic genetically engineered bacteria and mammalian cells, where the recombinant proteins produced by the bacteria directly influence cell behaviour. In this work, a biointerface is presented betweenLactococcus lactis(L. lactis) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).L. lactishave been engineered to produce human C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 12, thrombopoietin, vascular cell adhesion protein 1, and the 7th–10th type III domains of human fibronectin, with the aim of recreating the native bone marrow conditions ex vivo. This active microenvironment has been shown to maintain key hMSC stemness markers, preventing their osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, and maintaining high stem cell viability and physiological cell‐to‐substrate adhesion dynamics. This work presents proof of concept data that hMSC stemness can be regulated by living materials, using a system based on the symbiotic interaction between different engineered bacteria and mammalian cells.
Spatiotemporal Lineshape Tailoring in BIC‐Mediated Reconfigurable Metamaterials
Authors: Hu Yuze , Tong Mingyu , Hu Siyang , He Weibao , Cheng Xiang'ai , Jiang Tian
Published: June 2022

The bound state in the continuum (BIC) is a unique nonradiating eigenstate that possesses rich physics and has attracted intensive attention in the field of optics and photonics. Actively tailoring BICs in a designable fashion is highly desired for diversified photonic devices. However, to date, most BIC‐assisted works have been limited to showing passive control in a fixed structure configuration without tuning the spectral responses. Here, a new scheme to construct a coupled photon cavity for spatiotemporal lineshape tailoring, in which a nonradiating BIC is embedded in the electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT) window, is proposed. This approach uses the phase transition of VO2 inclusions to induce spatial symmetry breaking, leading to the formation of a quasi‐BIC coupled EIT state. As an extra dimension for dynamic tuning, a layer with a transient photoconductivity much shorter than the photon lifetime is introduced to ultrafast switch the leaky modes for both EIT‐ and quasi‐BIC‐coupled EIT cavities. As the symmetry‐protected BIC and coupling effect are quite common in optical metasurfaces, this proposal provides a general paradigm to active steer spatiotemporal spectrum across multiple dimensions, which is thus believed to promote active metadevices for potential applications in modulators, sensors, filters, and dynamic imaging.
Nitrogen‐Rich Carbonaceous Materials for Advanced Oxygen Electrocatalysis: Synthesis, Characterization, and Activity of Nitrogen Sites
Authors: Wu Bin , Meng Haibing , Morales Dulce M. , Zeng Feng , Zhu Junjiang , Wang Bao , Risch Marcel , Xu Zhichuan J. , Petit Tristan
Published: June 2022

Nitrogen‐doped carbons are among the fastest‐growing class of materials used for oxygen electrocatalysis, namely, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), thanks to their low cost, environmental friendliness, excellent electrical conductivity, and scalable synthesis. The perspective of replacing precious metal‐based electrocatalysts with nitrogen‐doped carbon is highly desirable for reducing costs in energy conversion and storage systems. In this review, the role of nitrogen and N‐induced structural defects on the enhanced performance of N‐doped carbon electrocatalysts toward the OER and the ORR as well as their applications for energy conversion and storage technologies is summarized. The synthesis of N‐doped carbon electrocatalysts and the characterization of their nitrogen functional groups and active sites for the conversion of oxygen are also reviewed. The electrocatalytic performance of the main types of N‐doped carbon materials for OER/ORR electrocatalysis are then discussed. Finally, major challenges and future opportunities of N‐doped carbons as advanced oxygen electrocatalysts are highlighted.
Cell‐in‐Catalytic‐Shell Nanoarchitectonics: Catalytic Empowerment of Individual Living Cells by Single‐Cell Nanoencapsulation
Authors: Lee Hojae , Park Joohyouck , Kim Nayoung , Youn Wongu , Yun Gyeongwon , Han Sang Yeong , Nguyen Duc Tai , Choi Insung S.
Published: June 2022

Cell‐in‐shell biohybrid structures, synthesized by encapsulating individual living cells with exogenous materials, have emerged as exciting functional entities for engineered living materials, with emergent properties outside the scope of biochemical modifications. Artificial exoskeletons have, to date, provided physicochemical shelters to the cells inside in the first stage of technological development, and further advances in the field demand catalytically empowered, cellular hybrid systems that augment the biological functions of cells and even introduce completely new functions to the cells. This work describes a facile and generalizable strategy for empowering living cells with extrinsic catalytic capability through nanoencapsulation of living cells with a supramolecular metal–organic complex of Fe3+ and benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylic acid (BTC). A series of enzymes are embedded in situ, without loss of catalytic activity, in the Fe3+‐BTC shells, not to mention the superior characteristics of cytocompatible and rapid shell‐forming processes. The nanoshell enhances the catalytic efficiency of multienzymatic cascade reactions by confining reaction intermediates to its internal voids and the nanoencapsulated cells acquire exogenous biochemical functions, including enzymatic cleavage of lethal octyl‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside into d‐glucose, with autonomous cytoprotection. The system will provide a versatile, nanoarchitectonic tool for interfacing biological cells with functional materials, especially for catalytic bioempowerment of living cells.
Copper Oxidation Improves Dodecanethiol Blocking Ability in Area‐Selective Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Liu Tzu‐Ling , Bent Stacey F.
Published: June 2022

In recent years, area‐selective atomic layer deposition (AS‐ALD) has attracted increasing interest for its applications in back‐end interconnect processes, and selective deposition of Al2O3 is of particular interest because Al2O3 can serve as an etch hard mask. However, Al2O3 is one of the most difficult ALD systems to block. In this work, a strategy is presented to enhance the blocking ability of dodecanethiol (DDT) self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) against Al2O3 ALD. It is shown that by conducting DDT deposition on a slightly oxidized Cu surface, which is mainly composed of Cu2O, rather than on a freshly acid‐etched Cu surface, which mainly consists of metallic Cu, the quality of the DDT SAM can be improved. It is further shown that the DDT SAMs formed on Cu2O‐covered Cu substrates are about 3–4 times more effective in blocking Al2O3 than that on acid‐etched Cu surfaces when ALD is performed under subsaturation condition. However, as the Cu oxidation process continues, CuO is formed and the blocking ability of DDT degrades. Finally, selective Al2O3 deposition on DDT‐treated Cu/low‐k patterns using the combined strategy of Cu oxidation and subsaturation conditions achieves selectivity of 0.99 after 4 nm of Al2O3 ALD.