bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capacity and decision making
Authors: Gray Ben
Published: April 2022

Pickeringet al’s paper argues that the capacity of the decision-maker is the sole consideration in whether a decision should stand, and that the risk of the decision should not be considered. This argument ignores the existence of the player who is of the view that a decision is not wise. This paper argues that patient autonomy is not the sole determinant of whether a person is able to make an unwise decision, particularly in healthcare where there are always others affected by the patient decision. Rather than asserting that patients have an unfettered autonomous choice on clinical decisions this paper argues that these decisions should be looked at through the lens of quality in health care that has proposed four parameters to be balanced; the patient experience, wise use of resources, the effect on public health and the clinician experience.
Two years follow-up of continuous erector spinae plane block in a patient with upper extremity complex regional pain syndrome type I
Authors: Forero Mauricio , Kamel Rami A , Chan Philip Lung , Maida Eugene
Published: April 2022

Background

Recalcitrant complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) type 1 is a devastating condition.

Case presentation

We report a case of a patient in their twenties with left hand and forearm CRPS type I, transiently responsive to spinal cord stimulation, thoracic sympathectomy, and multimodal analgesia. The investigators initiated a trial of a single-shot erector spinae plane block at the T2 level, resulting in a clinically significant improvement in pain, function, vasomotor and sudomotor symptoms transiently for a 36-hour interval. As a result, a permanent e-port catheter implantation under combined ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance was trialed. Two-year follow-up of the continuous erector spinae plane block (CESPB) indicated an 80% reduction in pain scores from baseline, and a 50% reduction in opiate consumption, with a clinically significant reduction in swelling, color changes, allodynia, and temperature asymmetry.

Conclusion

Recalcitrant CRPS type 1 is a challenging life-altering condition that results in a cyclical triad of chronic pain, disability, and impaired psychosocial health. The profound and prolonged analgesic response to CESPB, highlights the clinical utility of this technique, and warrants more clinical investigation.
Structure–activity relationship of three new piperazine derivates with anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effects
Authors: Santana Ianca Gontijo Cavalcante , Almeida Lorena de Souza , Moreira Lorrane Kelle da Silva , de Carvalho Flávio Silva , Menegatti Ricardo , da Rocha André Luis Batista , Mazurok Thais Aline , Vaz Boniek Gontijo , Lião Luciano Morais , Brito Adriane Ferreira de , Fajemiroye James Oluwagbamigbe , Costa Elson Alves , de Carvalho Pablinny Moreira Galdino
Published: April 2022

Anxiety and depression are common mental disorders affecting millions of people worldwide. Unsatisfactory clinical outcomes with the use of the available pharmacological interventions among some patients demand newer drugs with proven efficacy, safety, and tolerability profile. In this study, the LQFM211, LQFM213, and LQFM214 were designed from the piperazine scaffold and administered orally in mice. These mice were later evaluated in the open field, elevated plus maze, and forced swimming tests to assess the exploratory, anxiolytic, and antidepressant-like activities, respectively. The mechanism of action of these new derivatives was evaluated using flumazenil (benzodiazepine antagonist) and WAY100635 (5-HT1A receptor antagonist). Unlike LQFM214, the LQFM211 and LQFM213 elicited anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects. The blockade of the effect of LQFM213 by WAY100635 suggests the involvement of the serotonergic pathway.
Anticonvulsant activity of oxaprozin in a rat model of pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure by targeting oxidative stress and SIRT1/PGC1α signaling
Authors: Khatami Parisa , Mirazi Naser , Khosravi Maryam , Bananej Maryam
Published: April 2022

The effect of oxaprozin (OXP) on an experimental model of seizures in rats was investigated in this study. Seizures in Wistar rats (200–250 g) were induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ, 60 mg/kg). The anticonvulsant effect of OXP (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was evaluated in a seizure model. After behavioral tests, the animals underwent deep anesthesia and were put down painlessly. Animal serum was isolated for antioxidant assays (nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH)). The animals' brains were also isolated to gauge the relative expression of genes in the oxidative stress pathway (sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (Pgc1α)). Intraperitoneal injection of OXP increased the mean latency of myoclonic jerks and generalized tonic–clonic seizure (GTCS) and decreased the number of myoclonic jerks and GTCS duration compared with the PTZ group. Biochemical tests showed that pretreatment with OXP was able to restore GSH serum levels and reverse the augmented NO serum levels caused by PTZ induction to the normal level. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction results also revealed that OXP counteracts the negative effects of PTZ by affecting the expression of the Sirt1 and Pgc1α genes. Overall, this study suggests the potential neuroprotective effects of the nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory OXP drug in a model of neural impairment caused by seizures via the mechanism of inhibition of the oxidative stress pathway.
The investigation of low-frequency dilaton generation
Authors: Denisov V. I. , Denisova I. P. , Einiev E. T.
Published: April 2022

The electromagnetic source of dilaton radiation is a first invariant of the electromagnetic field tensor. For electromagnetic waves, this invariant can be nonzero only in the near zone. Pulsars and magnetars are natural sources of this type. We calculated the generation of dilatons by a coherent electromagnetic field of rotating magnetic dipole moments of pulsars and magnetars. It was shown that the radiation of dilaton waves occurs at two frequencies: the rotation frequency $$\omega $$
ω
of the magnetic dipole moment of the neutron star, and twice that frequency. The generation of dilatons at frequency $$\omega $$
ω
is maximal when the angle between the magnetic dipole moment and the axis of its rotation is $$\pi /4.$$

π
/
4
.

If this angle is $$ \pi /2,$$

π
/
2
,

then dilaton radiation at frequency $$\omega $$
ω
does not occur. The generation of dilatons at frequency $$2\omega $$

2
ω

is maximal when the angle between the magnetic dipole and the axis of its rotation is $$\pi /2.$$

π
/
2
.

The angular distribution of radiation of dilatons having a frequency of $$\omega $$
ω
is maximal along the conic surfaces $$\theta =\pi /4$$

θ
=
π
/
4

and $$\theta =3\pi /4.$$

θ
=
3
π
/
4
.

The angular distribution of radiation of dilatons having a frequency of $$2\omega $$

2
ω

is maximal in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation $$(\theta =\pi /2).$$

(
θ
=
π
/
2
)
.
Feasibility study of $$D_s^+ \rightarrow \tau ^+ \nu _{\tau }$$ decay and test of lepton flavor universality with leptonic $$D_s^+$$ decays at STCF
Authors: Li Huijing , Luo Tao , Shi Xiaodong , Zhou Xiaorong
Published: April 2022

We report a sensitive study of $$D_s^+ \rightarrow \tau ^+ \nu _{\tau }$$

D
s
+

→

τ
+

ν
τ

decay via $$\tau ^+ \rightarrow e^+ \nu _e \bar{\nu }_{\tau }$$

τ
+

→

e
+

ν
e

ν

¯

τ

with an integrated luminosity of 1 ab$$^{-1}$$

-
1

at the center-of-mass energy of 4.009 GeV at a future Super Tau Charm Facility (STCF). Under the help of the fast simulation software package, the statistical sensitivity for the absolute branching fraction of $$D_s^+ \rightarrow \tau ^+ \nu _{\tau }$$

D
s
+

→

τ
+

ν
τ

is determined to be $$2\times 10^{-4}$$

2
×

10

-
4

. Combining with our previous prospect of $$D_s^+ \rightarrow \mu ^+ \nu _{\mu }$$

D
s
+

→

μ
+

ν
μ

, the ratio of the branching fractions for $$D_s^+ \rightarrow \tau ^+ \nu _{\tau }$$

D
s
+

→

τ
+

ν
τ

over $$D_s^+ \rightarrow \mu ^+ \nu _{\mu }$$

D
s
+

→

μ
+

ν
μ

can achieve a relative statistical precision of 0.5%, which will provide the most stringent test of the $$\tau $$
τ
-$$\mu $$
μ
lepton flavor universality in heavy quark decays. Taking the decay constant $$f_{D_s^+}$$

f

D
s
+

from lattice QCD calculations or the CKM matrix element $$|V_{cs}|$$

|

V

cs

|

from the CKMfitter group as an input, the relative statistical uncertainties for $$|V_{cs}|$$

|

V

cs

|

and $$f_{D_s^+}$$

f

D
s
+

are estimated to be 0.3% and 0.2%, respectively.
The effective Dirac algebra by gauge field interaction in relativistic electrodynamics
Authors: Wong B. T. T.
Published: April 2022

Conventional relativistic electrodynamics is set on flat Minkowski spacetime, where all computable quantities are calculated from the flat metric [Formula: see text]. We can redefine the metric of spacetime from the Dirac algebra. In this paper, we study how an electrodynamic interaction can alter the normal gamma matrix to an effective one and result in a shift in the metric perturbatively. The curvature properties inferred from the curved metric are also investigated. We also study how the spin operator is changed under the interaction that contributes to an effective spin operator and how the spin of an electron will be slightly deviated from [Formula: see text]. Then we perform canonical quantization of the effective Dirac algebra. Finally, we apply our results to the relativistic hydrogen case and demonstrate how such system curves the spacetime metric.
FRW cosmological models with Barrow holographic dark energy in Brans–Dicke theory
Authors: Pradhan Anirudh , Bhardwaj Vinod Kumar , Garg Priyanka , Krishnannair Syamala
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we have generalized the behaviors of transit cosmological model under the observational data with Barrow holographic dark energy. We consider the scale factor field as [Formula: see text] to get exact solutions for the field equations in a non-flat FRW universe in Brans–Dicke theory. The values of the model parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are obtained by best fitting of 46 observational Hubble data (OHD) points in the range [Formula: see text]. The derived model exhibits a transition scenario for open, flat and closed universe. The EoS parameter shows a quintom-like behavior, lies both quintessence ([Formula: see text]) and phantom ([Formula: see text]) regions and crosses the phantom divide. The matter and dark energy density parameters [Formula: see text], scalar field [Formula: see text] and other cosmological parameters provide the results consistent with the recent observational datasets. Some other physical and geometrical behaviors of BHDE are also described and the satisfactory behaviors are found with current observations (OHD+JLA).
Wormhole solutions for different shape functions in 4D Einstein Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Authors: Ahmed Riaz , Abbas G. , Arshad Saira
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we obtain an exact spherically symmetric wormhole solution with anisotropic matter distribution in the regularized four-dimensional (4D) Einstein Gauss–Bonnet gravity (4D EGB). Recently, a new attempt has been made to include nontrivial contributions of Gauss–Bonnet term to the gravitational dynamics by regularizing EGB gravity in [Formula: see text]-dimensions. To find the exact solution of the wormhole geometry, we studied two specific radial-dependent shape functions [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] in the context of 4D EGB gravity. For each shape function, we find the exact wormhole solution and analyze the properties of wormhole existence graphically. The anisotropic parameter, equation of state (EoS) and energy conditions are tested graphically for each shape function. The behavior of both shape functions is thoroughly evaluated with the throat radius [Formula: see text]. Specifically, we recovered the original results exactly to 4D Morris–Throne wormholes of General Relativity by simply imposing the limit as [Formula: see text] and comparison has been done between the branch results in 4D EGB gravity and General Relativity by graphical point of view.
On Assisting and Automatizing the Semantic Segmentation of Masonry Walls
Authors: Pavoni Gaia , Giuliani Francesca , De Falco Anna , Corsini Massimiliano , Ponchio Federico , Callieri Marco , Cignoni Paolo
Published: April 2022

In Architectural Heritage, the masonry’s interpretation is an essential instrument for analysing the construction phases, the assessment of structural properties, and the monitoring of its state of conservation. This work is generally carried out by specialists that, based on visual observation and their knowledge, manually annotate ortho-images of the masonry generated by photogrammetric surveys. This results in vector thematic maps segmented according to their construction technique (isolating areas of homogeneous materials/structure/texture or each individual constituting block of the masonry) or state of conservation, including degradation areas and damaged parts.

This time-consuming manual work, often done with tools that have not been designed for this purpose, represents a bottleneck in the documentation and management workflow and is a severely limiting factor in monitoring large-scale monuments (e.g., city walls). This article explores the potential of AI-based solutions to improve the efficiency of masonry annotation in Architectural Heritage. This experimentation aims at providing interactive tools that support and empower the current workflow, benefiting from specialists’ expertise.
Direct Cardiac Compression Devices to Augment Heart Biomechanics and Function
Authors: Bonnemain Jean , del Nido Pedro J. , Roche Ellen T.
Published: April 2022

The treatment of end-stage heart failure has evolved substantially with advances in medical treatment, cardiac transplantation, and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices such as left ventricular assist devices and total artificial hearts. However, current MCS devices are inherently blood contacting and can lead to potential complications including pump thrombosis, hemorrhage, stroke, and hemolysis. Attempts to address these issues and avoid blood contact led to the concept of compressing the failing heart from the epicardial surface and the design of direct cardiac compression (DCC) devices. We review the fundamental concepts related to DCC, present the foundational devices and recent devices in the research and commercialization stages, and discuss the milestones required for clinical translation and adoption of this technology.
Genome-Wide Analysis of Human Long Noncoding RNAs: A Provocative Review
Authors: Ponting Chris P. , Haerty Wilfried
Published: April 2022

Do long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute little or substantively to human biology? To address how lncRNA loci and their transcripts, structures, interactions, and functions contribute to human traits and disease, we adopt a genome-wide perspective. We intend to provoke alternative interpretation of questionable evidence and thorough inquiry into unsubstantiated claims. We discuss pitfalls of lncRNA experimental and computational methods as well as opposing interpretations of their results. The majority of evidence, we argue, indicates that most lncRNA transcript models reflect transcriptional noise or provide minor regulatory roles, leaving relatively few human lncRNAs that contribute centrally to human development, physiology, or behavior. These important few tend to be spliced and better conserved but lack a simple syntax relating sequence to structure and mechanism, and so resist simple categorization. This genome-wide view should help investigators prioritize individual lncRNAs based on their likely contribution to human biology.
Strain Glass State, Strain Glass Transition, and Controlled Strain Release
Authors: Wang Dong , Ji Yuanchao , Ren Xiaobing , Wang Yunzhi
Published: April 2022

Strain glass is a new strain state discovered recently in ferroelastic systems that is characterized by nanoscale martensitic domains formed through a freezing transition. These nanodomains typically have mottled or tweed morphology depending on the elastic anisotropy of the system. Strain glass transition is a broadly smeared and high order–like transition, taking place within a wide temperature or stress range. It is accompanied by many unique properties, including linear superelasticity with high strength, low modulus, Invar and Elinvar anomalies, and large magnetostriction. In this review, we first discuss experimental characterization and testing that have led to the discovery of the strain glass transition and its unique properties. We then introduce theoretical models and computer simulations that have shed light on the origin and mechanisms underlying the unique characteristics and properties of strain glass transitions. Unresolved issues and challenges in strain glass study are also addressed. Strain glass transition can offer giant elastic strain and ultralow elastic modulus by well-controlled reversible structural phase transformations through defect engineering.
The Versatile Roles of Type III Secretion Systems in Rhizobium-Legume Symbioses
Authors: Teulet Albin , Camuel Alicia , Perret Xavier , Giraud Eric
Published: April 2022

To suppress plant immunity and promote the intracellular infection required for fixing nitrogen for the benefit of their legume hosts, many rhizobia use type III secretion systems (T3SSs) that deliver effector proteins (T3Es) inside host cells. As reported for interactions between pathogens and host plants, the immune system of legume hosts and the cocktail of T3Es secreted by rhizobia determine the symbiotic outcome. If they remain undetected, T3Es may reduce plant immunity and thus promote infection of legumes by rhizobia. If one or more of the secreted T3Es are recognized by the cognate plant receptors, defense responses are triggered and rhizobial infection may abort. However, some rhizobial T3Es can also circumvent the need for nodulation (Nod) factors to trigger nodule formation. Here we review the multifaceted roles played by rhizobial T3Es during symbiotic interactions with legumes.
Platinum Nanoparticle Size and Density Impacts Purine Electrochemistry with Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry
Authors: Keller Alexandra L. , Quarin Steven M. , Strobbia Pietro , Ross Ashley E.
Published: April 2022

We demonstrate the density and shape of platinum nanoparticles (PtNP) on carbon-fiber microelectrodes with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) directly impacts detection of adenosine. Previously, we showed that metal nanoparticle-modified carbon significantly improves adenine-based purine detection; however, how the size and shape of the particles impact electrochemical detection was not investigated. Electrochemical investigations of how the surface topology and morphology impacts detection is necessary for designing ultrasensitive electrodes and for expanding fundamental knowledge of electrode-analyte interactions. To change the density and shape of the PtNP’s on the surface, we varied the concentration of K2PtCl6 and electrodeposition time. We show that increasing the concentration of K2PtCl6 increases the density of PtNP’s while increasing the electrodeposition time impacts both the density and size. These changes manipulate the adsorption behavior which impacts sensitivity. Based on these results, an optimal electrodeposition procedure was determined to be 1.0 mg ml−1 of K2PtCl6 deposited for 45 s and this results in an average increase in adenosine detection by 3.5 ± 0.3-fold. Interestingly, increasing the size and density of PtNPs negatively impacts dopamine detection. Overall, this work provides fundamental insights into the differences between adenosine and dopamine interaction at electrode surfaces.
Scn1b expression in the adult mouse heart modulates Na+ influx in myocytes and reveals a mechanistic link between Na+ entry and diastolic function
Authors: Cervantes Daniel O. , Pizzo Emanuele , Ketkar Harshada , Parambath Sreema P. , Tang Samantha , Cianflone Eleonora , Cannata Antonio , Vinukonda Govindaiah , Jain Sudhir , Jacobson Jason T. , Rota Marcello
Published: April 2022

We have investigated the consequences of deletion of Scn1b, the gene encoding voltage-gated sodium channel β1-subunits, on myocyte and cardiac function. Our findings support the notion that Scn1b expression controls properties of Na+ influx and Ca2+ cycling in cardiomyocytes affecting the modality of cell contraction and relaxation. These effects at the cellular level condition electrical recovery and diastolic function in vivo, substantiating the multifunctional role of β1-subunits in the physiology of the heart.
Evaluation of the Quality and Effect of 360° Safe Indwelling Infusion of Peripheral Venous Indwelling Needle in Pediatric Clinic
Authors: Niu Qian , Sun Hongge , Wu Hongjuan , Ma Nannan , Jin Qiu , Qin Jianhua , Zhang Xipin , He Ting
Published: April 2022

To evaluate the application effect of the 360° safe indwelling infusion program of peripheral venous indwelling needle in the infusion room of pediatric outpatient clinic. A total of 1,000 children who received indwelling needle infusion were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 500; 360° safe indwelling needle) and control group (n = 500; a routine indwelling needle). The incidence of indwelling needle-related complications and adverse events in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the number of indwelling days, indwelling needle usage rate, and parent satisfaction were significantly higher than those in the control group. The 360° safe indwelling infusion program can significantly reduce the incidence of complications and adverse events, and improve the quality of the indwelling needle infusion. The 360° safe indwelling infusion can effectively improve the comprehensive quality and safety of nursing care in the outpatient infusion room.
Identification of Signature Genes and Construction of an Artificial Neural Network Model of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Dong Hongye , Wang Xu
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to establish an artificial neural network (ANN) model based on prostate cancer signature genes (PCaSGs) to predict the patients with prostate cancer (PCa). In the present study, 270 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between PCa and normal prostate (NP) groups by differential gene expression analysis. Next, we performed Metascape gene annotation, pathway and process enrichment analysis, and PPI enrichment analysis on all 270 DEGs. Then, we identified and screened out 30 PCaSGs based on the random forest analysis and constructed an ANN model based on the gene score matrix consisting of 30 PCaSGs. Lastly, analysis of microarray dataset GSE46602 showed that the accuracy of this model for predicating PCa and NP samples was 88.9 and 78.6%, respectively. Our results suggested that the ANN model based on PCaSGs can be used for effectively predicting the patients with PCa and will be helpful for early PCa diagnosis and treatment.
Deep Learning Model for Automatic Classification and Prediction of Brain Tumor
Authors: Sharma Sarang , Gupta Sheifali , Gupta Deepali , Juneja Abhinav , Khatter Harsh , Malik Sapna , Bitsue Zelalem Kiros
Published: April 2022

A brain tumor (BT) is an unexpected growth or fleshy mass of abnormal cells. Depending upon their cell structure they could either be benign (noncancerous) or malign (cancerous). This causes the pressure inside the cranium to increase that may lead to brain injury or death. This causes excessive exhaustion, hinders cognitive abilities, headaches become more frequent and severe, and develops seizures, nausea, and vomiting. Therefore, in order to diagnose BT computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and blood and urine tests are implemented. However, these techniques are time consuming and sometimes yield inaccurate results. Therefore, to avoid such lengthy and time-consuming techniques, deep learning models are implemented that are less time consuming, require less sophisticated equipment, yield results with greater accuracy, and are easy to implement. This paper proposes a transfer learning-based model with the help of pretrained VGG19 model. This model has been modified by utilizing a modified convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture with preprocessing techniques of normalization and data augmentation. The proposed model achieved the accuracy of 98% and sensitivity of 94.73%. It is concluded from the results that proposed model performs better as compared to other state-of-art models. For training purpose, the dataset has been taken from the Kaggle having 257 images with 157 with brain tumor (BT) images and 100 no tumor (NT) images. With such results, these models could be utilized for developing clinically useful solutions that are able to detect BT in CT images.
An Abnormal Signal Processing Method for Sensors Using Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Jing , Ma Jin , Shen Dawei
Published: April 2022

The combination of sensor and neural network (NN) is an important development direction for intelligent sensors. This paper discusses the application of NN in sensor signal processing, introduces the basic principles, and illustrates the application method with examples. Based on the analysis of sensor’s abnormal signal processing, a diagnostic scheme based on CNN is proposed. At each current moment, NN is trained by the latest historical dataset of fixed length to complete the forecast of the next moment. The confidence interval is determined by the model’s residual of NN. Moreover, this paper proposes a signal noise reduction and compression method of multisensor system using the CNN. A multisensor sequence of noisy output signal and target’s true value are used as samples for network training, and the trained network is tested with test samples. The effectiveness of this method is verified by simulation of several typical function approximations. The results strongly suggest the advantages of CNN method for sensor abnormal signal processing and provide a solid foundation for the reliable use of sensors in such type of problems.
Effects of Low Protein-High Carbohydrate Diet during Early and Late Pregnancy on Respiratory Quotient and Visceral Adiposity
Authors: Navarro-Meza Mónica , Díaz-Muñoz Mauricio , García-Solano Perla Belén , Cobián-Cervantes Raquel , de los Ríos-Arellano Éricka A. , Telles Felipe Santoyo , Camacho-Barrón Mariela
Published: April 2022

Background. Low Protein-High Carbohydrate (LPHC) diet during pregnancy is considered a nutritional and health problem related to the development of maternal metabolic alterations, such as fatty liver and obesity in the perinatal and postnatal period. It is known that increase in visceral adiposity tissue (VAT) modulates maternal metabolic rate, with the respiratory quotient (RQ) being a parameter related to that variable; however, it is unknown whether LPHC intake during pregnancy affects the VAT and the RQ. In this study, we examine if consumption of LPHC during pregnancy modifies the VAT and RQ in early and late periods of pregnancy. Methods. This is a longitudinal and cross-sectional study with Wistar rats during gestation (G) (3, 8, 15, and 20) and nonpregnant rats. Rats were fed with a control diet with 63/18% carbohydrate/protein and an experimental diet with 79/6% carbohydrate/protein. We studied water and food consumption and metabolic parameters such as RQ and energy expenditure (EE), calculated by indirect calorimetry. In the cross-sectional study, we determined visceral fat, as well as the concentration of free fatty acids, insulin, glucose, and lipid profile in serum. Results. Nonpregnant rats with LPHC intake decreased significantly in VAT (86%) and the RQ (18%); in pregnant rats in early (8G) and late pregnancy (15G) in LPHC diet, both parameters (VAT and RQ) (25%-92%) increased during light time. When comparing time points during pregnancy in the control and LPHC groups, the RQ increased in 15G during daytime compared to 8G during the night period (17 and 5%, respectively). In late pregnancy, LPHC intake and triacylglyceride levels increased and cholesterol and glucose decreased (45 and 26%, respectively), in comparison to nonpregnant rats. Conclusions. LPHC intake in nonpregnant rats decreases the RQ and VAT. Interestingly, the opposite occurs in early pregnancy: the RQ and VAT increased, and this correlates with free fatty acid (FFA) levels. The increase in RQ and VAT during light time in early pregnancy increased mobilization of carbohydrate and protein metabolism. These results suggest that LPHC intake during pregnancy increases the glucose metabolism as a compensatory mechanism for energy needs in the fetus and the mother in early pregnancy.
Keywords-Driven Paper Recommendation Based on Mobile Edge Computing Environment Framework
Authors: Liu Hanwen , Wang Shuo , Ren Huali , Meng Shunmei , Hou Jun , Li Qianmu
Published: April 2022

In the cloud computing era, a paper recommender system is usually deployed on the cloud server and return recommendation results to readers directly. However, considering the paper recommender system, processing tremendous paper citation data on the cloud cannot provide fine-grained personalized and real-time recommendations for each reader because these recommended papers from the cloud are far from readers and probably not correlated strongly with each other for helping each reader research further and deeper in the interested field. Recently, the edge-cloud collaboration-based recommender system has been used for releasing parts of the cloud computing task to the edge and provides the recommendation near the client. Based on the edge computing recommender system, a keywords-driven and weight-aware paper recommendation approach is presented, namely, LP-PRk+

w

(link prediction-paper recommendation), to enable intelligent, personalized, and efficient paper recommendation services in the mobile edge computing environment. Specifically, the whole paper recommendation process mainly covers two parts: optimizing the existing paper citation graph via introducing a weighted similarity (i.e., building a weighted paper correlation graph) and then recommending a set of correlated papers according to the weighted paper correlation graph and the users’ query keywords. Experiments on a real-world paper correlation dataset, Hep-Th, show the capability of our proposal for improving the paper recommendation performance and its superiority against other related solutions.
Development of a Handheld System for Liquor Authenticity Detection Based on Laser Spectroscopy Technique
Authors: Tian Yuchen , Sun Yundong , Wang Yansong , Li Xiaofang , Zhu Dongjie
Published: April 2022

In this paper, a handheld liquor authenticity detection system is demonstrated based on the laser spectroscopy technique, which consists of a handheld laser spectrometer and a mobile phone display terminal. In this system, the semiconductor laser is integrated into the spectrometer and the laser beam is further angled to the optical axis of the spectrometer to avoid interference of the fluorescence generated by the bottle wall. During the system operation, the laser excites the tested liquor to generate fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy signals, which are digitized and wirelessly transmitted by Wi-Fi to the Android mobile terminal. After the image processing by the mobile phone APP, the tested liquor spectrum curve is obtained. At the same time, based on the standard liquor spectrum curve stored in the database, the Pearson correlation coefficient is calculated and the matching similarity is given. In addition, this paper proposes a calibration method based on pure water Raman intensity to achieve accurate measurement of fluorescence intensity and minimize the influence of fluorescence intensity saturation on the measurement results. In the experiment, we measured the similarity of 12 brands of Chinese liquor by using our self-developed handheld laser spectrometer. Their authenticity of liquor could be given accurately and effectively.
Optimized Protocol for the Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from the Parasitic Worm Schistosoma mansoni with Improved Purity, Concentration, and Yield
Authors: Kuipers Marije E. , Koning Roman I. , Bos Erik , Hokke Cornelis H. , Smits Hermelijn H. , Nolte-‘t Hoen Esther N. M.
Published: April 2022

In the past decade, the interest in helminth-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) increased owing to their role in pathogen-host communication. However, the availability of EVs from these parasitic worms is often limited due to the restricted occurrence and culturing possibilities of these organisms. Schistosoma mansoni is one of several helminths that have been shown to release EVs affecting the immune response of their host. Further investigation of mechanisms underlying these EV-induced effects warrants separation of EVs from other components of the helminth excretory/secretory products. However, isolation of high-purity EVs often come to the expense of reduced EV yield. We therefore aimed to develop an optimized protocol for isolation of EVs from S. mansoni schistosomula and adult worms with respect to purity, concentration, and yield. We tested the use of small (1.7 ml) iodixanol density gradients and demonstrated that this enabled western blot-based analysis of the EV marker protein tetraspanin-2 (TSP-2) in gradient fractions without additional concentration steps. Moreover, the concentration and yield of EVs obtained with small iodixanol gradients were higher compared to medium-sized (4.3 ml) or conventional large-sized (12 ml) gradients. Additionally, we provide evidence that iodixanol is preferred over sucrose as medium for the small density gradients, because EVs in iodixanol gradients reached equilibrium much faster (2 hours) and iodixanol but not sucrose was suitable for purification of schistosomula EVs. Finally, we demonstrate that the small iodixanol gradients were able to separate adult worm EVs from non-EV contaminants such as the blood digestion product hemozoin. Our optimized small iodixanol density gradient allows to simultaneously separate and concentrate EVs while reducing handling time and EV loss and can be applied for EVs from helminths and other limited EV sources.
Effects of Serum C‐Peptide Level on Blood Lipid and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Injury in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Qin Juan , Sun Rongli , Ding Ding
Published: April 2022

Objective. This study aims to investigate the effects of serum C‐peptide levels on blood lipid and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular injury in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods. China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched for relevant studies published from January 2010 to June 2021. All retrieved randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effect of serum C‐peptide levels on blood lipids or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular injuries in T2DM patients were included in our study. Patients in the included studies were divided into normal C‐peptide group (control group) and low C‐peptide group (treatment group) according to fasting C‐peptide levels. Meta‐analysis was performed using Stata16.0. Results. A total of 7 studies were included for the meta‐analysis. Compared with the control group, the treatment group was associated with a higher incidence of coronary heart disease (OR = 4.89; 95% CI: 1.13, 21.24; P < 0.05) and cerebral infarction (OR = 3.24; 95% CI: 0.59, 17.66; P < 0.05). In addition, patients in the treatment group had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (SMD = 0.01; 95% CI: −0.38, 0.39; P < 0.05), triglyceride (SMD = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.24, 1.00; P < 0.05), glycated hemoglobin (SMD = 0.25; 95% CI: −0.50, 1.00; P < 0.05), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (SMD = 0.23; 95% CI: −0.00, 0.46; P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels between the two groups (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: ‐0.26, 0.86; P > 0.05). Conclusions. Low serum C‐peptide level significantly increases the incidence of coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction. Additionally, low serum C‐peptide increases blood lipid level and promotes lipid deposition. Collectively, low serum C‐peptide has a negative impact on the occurrence and development of T2DM and therefore serum C‐peptide level needs to be adjusted timely.
Mobius Group Generated by Two Elements of Order 2, 4, and Reduced Quadratic Irrational Numbers
Authors: Alghazzawi Dilshad , Mateen M. Haris , Malik M. Aslam , Hammachukiattikul P. , Abdo Mohammed S.
Published: April 2022

The construction of circuits for the evolution of orbits and reduced quadratic irrational numbers under the action of Mobius groups have many applications like in construction of substitution box (s-box), strong-substitution box (s.s-box), image processing, data encryption, in interest for security experts, and other fields of sciences. In this paper, we investigate the behavior of reduced quadratic irrational numbers (RQINs) in the coset diagrams of the set

Q

′
′

m

=

η
/
s
:
η
∈

Q

∗

m

,
s
=
1
,
2

under the action of group

H
=
<

x

′

,

y

′

:

x

′

2

=

y

′

4

=
1
>

, where

m

is square free integer and

Q

∗

m

=

a

′

+

m

/

c

′

,

a

′

,

a

′

2

−
m

/

c

′

c

′

=
1
,

c

′

≠
0

. We discuss the type and reduced cardinality of the orbit

Q

′
′

p

. By using the notion of congruence, we give the general form of reduced numbers (RNs) in particular orbits under certain conditions on prime

p

. Further, we classify that for a reduced number

r

whether

−
r
,

r
¯

,
−

r
¯

lying in orbit or not. AMS Mathematics subject classification (2010): 05C25, 20G401.
Research on Intelligent Recommendation Model of E-Commerce Commodity Based on Feature Selection and Deep Belief Network
Authors: Li Yunquan , Wu Gaofeng , Liu Chaohui
Published: April 2022

Due to the complexity and uncertainty of customer demand behavior, it was often difficult to obtain satisfactory recommendation results by using the existing online commodity recommendation systems. Therefore, a network commodity intelligent recommendation model based on feature selection and deep belief network was proposed. Based on the basic structure and function of the existing recommendation systems, this paper expounded the interaction process between customers, e-commerce platforms, enterprises, and the recommendation system. By analyzing the internal relationship between customer demand and commodity recommendation, the relationship model between customer demand and commodity recommendation was established. After analyzing the characteristics of customers’ demand for goods, a data mining method was used to classify the characteristics of customers’ demand behavior, and a feature selection method based on deep belief network (DBN) was proposed to obtain the main information conducive to commodity recommendation. Finally, an e-commerce commodity recommendation algorithm based on feature selection and deep belief network was proposed. The experimental results showed that the network commodity recommendation model proposed in this paper can not only provide customers with satisfactory recommendation results but also has better performance than other traditional recommendation models. The recommendation model proposed in this paper can support different e-commerce website recommendation systems.
An Empirical Evaluation of Supervised Learning Methods for Network Malware Identification Based on Feature Selection
Authors: Manzano C. , Meneses C. , Leger P. , Fukuda H.
Published: April 2022

Malware is a sophisticated, malicious, and sometimes unidentifiable application on the network. The classifying network traffic method using machine learning shows to perform well in detecting malware. In the literature, it is reported that this good performance can depend on a reduced set of network features. This study presents an empirical evaluation of two statistical methods of reduction and selection of features in an Android network traffic dataset using six supervised algorithms: Naïve Bayes, support vector machine, multilayer perceptron neural network, decision tree, random forest, and K‐nearest neighbors. The principal component analysis (PCA) and logistic regression (LR) methods with p value were applied to select the most representative features related to the time properties of flows and features of bidirectional packets. The selected features were used to train the algorithms using binary and multiclass classification. For performance evaluation and comparison metrics, precision, recall, F‐measure, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC‐ROC) were used. The empirical results show that random forest obtains an average accuracy of 96% and an AUC‐ROC of 0.98 in binary classification. For the case of multiclass classification, again random forest achieves an average accuracy of 87% and an AUC‐ROC over 95%, exhibiting better performance than the other machine learning algorithms. In both experiments, the 13 most representative features of a mixed set of flow time properties and bidirectional network packets selected by LR were used. In the case of the other five classifiers, their results in terms of precision, recall, and accuracy, are competitive with those obtained in related works, which used a greater number of input features. Therefore, it is empirically evidenced that the proposed method for the selection of features, based on statistical techniques of reduction and extraction of attributes, allows improving the identification performance of malware traffic, discriminating it from the benign traffic of Android applications.
The Study of Influence of Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Silty Sand in Seasonally Frozen Soil Regions
Authors: Yu Zhijie , Fang Jianhong , Xu Anhua , Zhou Wenjun
Published: April 2022

Freeze-thaw cycles can cause varying degrees of damage to expressway, in order to study the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on silty sand of expressway in Qinghai seasonal frozen soil regions, triaxial compression tests were carried out on silty sand under different initial freeze-thaw temperatures and freeze-thaw cycles. The stress-strain curve, secant modulus, cohesion, internal friction angle, dynamic shear modulus, and dynamic damping ratio of soil after freeze-thaw cycles were analyzed and studied. The experimental results show that the number of freeze-thaw cycles has different effects on the stress-strain curves at different initial freezing temperatures. With the increase of freeze-thaw cycles, the secant modulus of soil increases and changes in wave shape. The cohesion decreases and the internal friction angle decreases nonlinearly. The dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio do not change significantly. The change of freeze-thaw cycles will also affect the physical structure of the soil itself. The change of freeze-thaw cycles will also affect the physical structure of the soil itself. It will change the mosaic form of soil particles, the shape of soil particles, the size of soil particles and pores, and also make the redistribution of water in the soil.
Sirt3 Regulates Response to Oxidative Stress by Interacting with BER Proteins in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kabzinski J. , Walczak A. , Majsterek I.
Published: April 2022

The oxidative damages are well-recognized factors in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to oxidative DNA damage, which, if unrepaired, can be an underlying cause of cancerogenic transformation. To defend against these threats, cells have developed a range of defense mechanisms. One of the most important protection mechanisms is DNA repair systems, both nuclear and mitochondrial. Sirt3 is a mitochondrial protein involved in regulating NEIL1, NEIL2, MUTYH, APE1, and LIG3 proteins, which are involved in DNA repair, including mitochondrial repair through mtBER (mitochondrial Base Excision Repair). In this work, we show that NEIL1, NEIL2, MUTYH, APE1, and LIG3 are regulated by Sirt3 through deacetylation, and moreover, Sirt3 is directly involved in physical interaction with MUTYH, NEIL1, and APE1, which indicates the controlling role of Sirt3 over the mtBER mechanism. Also, if the cells deprived of Sirt3 are exposed to oxidative stress, altered levels of those proteins can be observed, which supports the theory of the regulatory role of Sirt3. Finally, to fully confirm the role of Sirt3 in DNA repair, we examined its role in apoptosis and found the impact of this protein on cell survival rate. Using the knowledge obtained in the course of conducted experiments, we postulate consideration of Sirt3 as a target in the rising vulnerability of cancer cells during therapy and therefore increasing the effectiveness of cancer treatment.
Glycyrrhizin Attenuates Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage by Inhibiting Ferroptosis and Neuroinflammation in Neonatal Rats via the HMGB1/GPX4 Pathway
Authors: Zhu Kaiyi , Zhu Xing , Liu Shiqi , Yu Jie , Wu Songwei , Hei Mingyan
Published: April 2022

With unknown etiology and limited treatment options, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) remains a major cause of mortality in newborns. Ferroptosis, a recently discovered type of cell death triggered by lipid peroxidation, is closely associated with HIBD. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a molecule associated with inflammation damage, can induce neuronal death in HIBD. However, it remains unknown whether HMGB1 contributes to neuronal ferroptosis in patients with HIBD. Herein, glycyrrhizin (GL), an HMGB1 inhibitor, was used to investigate the relationship between ferroptosis and HMGB1. RAS-selective lethal 3(RSL3), a ferroptosis agonist, was administered to further confirm the changes in the signaling pathway between HMGB1 and ferroptosis. Western blot analysis revealed that GL markedly suppressed the expression of HMGB1 and increased the level of GPX4 in the context of HIBD. We observed changes in neuronal ultrastructure via transmission electron microscopy to further confirm the occurrence of ferroptosis. Real-time PCR indicated that GL inhibited the expression of ferroptosis-related genes and inflammatory factors. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry staining confirmed GL inhibition of neuronal damage and ferroptosis in HIBD associated with GPX4 and ROS. GL not only inhibited ferroptosis induced by RSL3 and oxygen-glucose deprivation in vitro but also inhibited ferroptosis induced by HIBD in vivo. More importantly, GL may improve oxidative stress imbalance and mitochondrial damage, alleviate the downstream production of inflammatory factors, and ultimately reduce ferroptosis and damage to cortical neurons following HIBD via the HMGB1/GPX4 pathway. In conclusion, we showed for the first time that GL could suppress the occurrence of neuronal ferroptosis and reduce neuronal loss in HIBD via the HMGB1/GPX4 pathway. These findings highlight the potential of HMGB1 signaling antagonists to treat neuronal damage by suppressing ferroptosis, provide new and unique insights into GL as a neuroprotective agent, and suggest new prevention and treatment strategies for HIBD.