bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PUPUK PROCAL DAN PUPUK KANDANG KAMBING TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicon esculentum MILL.) VARIETAS TIMOTY F1
Authors: Salianan Djohanis
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk : (1) mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik Procal dan pupuk kandang kambing serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi tanaman tomat Varietas Timoty F1; dan (2) mengetahui dosis pupuk organik Procal dan pupuk kandang kambing yang tepat untuk memperoleh produksi tanaman tomat Varietas Timoty F1 yang maksimal.Penelitian menggunakan Percobaan Faktorial 4 x 4 dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali.   Faktor pertama adalah dosis pupuk Procal (P) yang terdiri atas 4 taraf : tanpa pupuk Procal (p0),  5 g polibag-1 (p1). 10 g polibag-1 (p2); dan 15 g polibag-1 (p3).   Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk kandang kambing (K) terdiri atas 4 taraf : tanpa pupuk kandang kambing (k0), 300 g polibag-1 (k1),  600 g polibag-1 (k2), dan 900 g polibag-1 (k3).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) pemberian pupuk Procal berpengaruh nyata sampai berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada umur 14 dan 40 hari setelah tanam dan pada saat panen, lingkar batang pada umur 14 hari setelah tanam dan pada saat panen, jumlah buah per tanaman, dan berat buah per tanaman.  Berat buah paling tinggi dihasilkan pada perlakuan 15 g polibag-1 (p3) yaitu 3,07 kg tanaman-1, sedangkan yang paling rendah dihasilkan pada perlakuan tanpa pupuk organik Procal (p0) yaitu 2,04 kg tanaman-1; (2) pemberian pupuk kandang kambing berpengaruh nyata sampai berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada umur 40 hari setelah tanam dan pada saat panen, lingkar batang pada umur 14 hari setelah tanam dan pada saat panen, jumlah buah per tanaman, dan berat buah per tanaman.  Berat buah paling tinggi dihasilkan pada perlakuan 900 g polibag-1 (k3) yaitu 2,97 kg tanaman-1, sedangkan yang paling rendah dihasilkan pada perlakuan tanpa pupuk kandang kambing (k0) yaitu 1,98 kg tanaman-1; dan (3) interaksi antara pupuk Procal dan pupuk kandang kambing berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada umur 14 dan 40 hari setelah tanam dan pada saat panen, lingkar batang pada umur 14 dan 40 hari setelah tanam dan pada saat panen, dan berat buah per tanaman, tetapi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah buah per tanaman.
PENGARUH PUPUK KOMPOS LIMBAH SOLID SAWIT DAN GANDASIL D TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KACANG PANJANG (Vigna sinensis L.) VARIETAS PARADE TAVI
Authors: Jamaluddin Jamaluddin
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk Kompos Solid Limbah Sawit dan pupuk Daun Gandasil D serta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman Kacang Panjang, serta untuk mengetahui konsentrasi pupuk Kompos Solid Limbah Sawit dan pupuk Daun Gandasil D yang tepat terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman Kacang Panjang.Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dalam percobaan faktorial 3 x 3, dengan 4 ulangan. Terdiri atas 2 faktor perlakuan. Faktor I adalah pupuk Kompos Solid Limbah Sawit (S), terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu : s0 =tanpa pupuk kompos solid limbah sawit (kontrol), s1 = dosis pupuk kompos solid limbah sawit  40 g /polibag, s2 =dosis pupuk kompos solid limbah sawit 60 g/polibag. Faktor II adalah pupuk Daun Gandasil D (D), terdiri atas 3 taraf, yaitu : d0 =tanpa pupuk daun gandasil d (kontrol), d1 = dosis pupuk daun gandasil d 10 g/10 liter air, d2 =dosis pupuk daun gandasil d 30 g/10  liter air.Pengaruh pemberian Pupuk Kompos Solid Limbah Sawit berbeda sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 15, 30 dan 45 HST, umur sangat berbunga, umur panen dan panjang buah per tanaman. Panjang buah per tanaman terpanjang terdapat pada perlakuan s1 (40 g/tanaman) yaitu 81,15 cm.Pengaruh pemberian Pupuk Gandasil D berbeda sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 15, 30 dan 45 HST, umur saat berbunga, umur panen dan panjang buah per tanaman. panjang buah per tanaman terpanjang terdapat pada perlakuan d1 (10 g/10 liter air) yaitu 81,15 cm.Pengaruh interaksi Pupuk Kompos Solid Limbah Sawit dan Pupuk Gandasil D berbeda sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 15, 30, 45 HST, umur panen, jumlah buah per tanaman dan panjang buah per tanaman. Berpengaruh nyata pada umur saat berbunga. Jumlah buah per tanaman terbanyak pada interaksi s1d1 yaitu 8,69 (9 buah) dan panjang buah per tanaman terpanjang pada interaksi s1d1 yaitu 83,50 cm.
RESPON MORFOGENESIS EKSPLAN PUCUK ANGGREK TEBU (Grammatophylum speciosum Blume) SECARA IN VITRO TERHADAP BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI KINETIN
Authors: Sulichantini Ellok Dwi , Susylowati Susylowati , Ramadhan Ariya
Published: October 2020

Sugarcane orchid (Grammatophyllum speciosum Blume) are known as a type of giant orchid, adult orchids can weigh 1 ton, panicle can grow up to 2.5 – 3 meters with a diameter of about 1.5-2 cm. Each panicle has dozens, even reaching one hundred flower buds, each with a diameter of about one 10 cm. Sugarcane orchids are a type of plant that is protected because its existence is increasingly scarce so that it needs in vitro propagation techniques to support its survival. To improve the growth of Grammatophyllum speciosum Blume in vitro shoot tip was growing on MS medium with varying concentration of kinetin (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg L-1) with 5 replications. Shoot tip from in vitro culture around 1 cm lengt was used as explants. Observations carried out for 8 weeks after inoculation.The results showed that shoot explants tip  growth well in MS basic medium. The addition of kinetin to the medium, increases growth rate of culture. Increasing the concentration of kinetin tends to increase the growth. The best concentration for growth induction on plant height, stem diameter,  leaves length and  length of roots was 2 mg.L-1 kinetin, On the other hand 3 mg.L-1 kinetin gave best response on number of leaves and 4  mg.L-1 kinetin was the best concentration on leaves width and number of roots.
ESTIMASI STOK KARBON TANAH ORGANIK PADA MANGROVE DI TELUK KABA DAN MUARA TELUK PANDAN TAMAN NASIONAL KUTAI
Authors: Sulistyorini Iin Sumbada , Edwin Muli , Imanuddin Imanuddin
Published: October 2020

Hutan mangrove Taman Nasional Kutai merupakan ekosistem penting yang harus dijaga dan ditingkatkan kelestariannya. Degradasi ekosistem mangrove melalui berbagai aktivitas manusia telah menjadi penyebab utama berkurangnya kemampuan hutan mangrove dalam menyerap dan menyimpan karbon. Hutan mangrove dianggap sebagai ekosistem yang paling banyak menyimpan karbon di dunia yang sebagian besar karbon tersimpan di tanah. Pada lokasi penelitian ditemukan rata-rata C-organik di Muara Teluk Pandan sebesar 2,20% dan di Teluk Kaba memiliki rata-rata C-organik sebesar 2,27%. Rendahnya kandungan C-organik telah mempengaruhi stok karbon tanah. Di kedua lokasi memiliki kisaran stok karbon tanah, yaitu sebesar 66,2-116,1 ton/ha. Rata-rata stok karbon tanah di Teluk Kaba sebesar 74,85 ton/ha, kemudian rata-rata stok karbon tanah di Muara Teluk Pandan sebesar 94,43 ton/ha. Berdasarkan literatur dan hasil penelitian yang terkait, menunjukkan stok karbon tanah mangrove di lokasi penelitian tergolong rendah. Adanya berbagai aktivitas manusia dan perubahan tata guna lahan terutama untuk tambak telah berpotensi menyebabkan terganggunya ekosistem mangrove termasuk fungsi mangrove sebagai penyimpan karbon.
Theoretical aspects in multi-level security management of the European Union in the framework of Security Sector Reform (SSR)
Authors: Wojnicz Luiza
Published: October 2020

Governance is a way for society to get organised, take and implement decisions by means of mutual understanding, reaching agreements and taking actions. It works at every level and is visible in social, political and economic dimensions. It includes a range of instruments, principles, institutions and practical action. States, governmental and non-governmental entities with some competences in governance aim to boost development level and provide security to their citizens. The concept of multi-level governance (MLG) is a characteristic of the European Union (EU) and its areas, where it is capable of exercising its governance at many levels using sectorial internal and external policies. This article focuses on multi-level security management by the European Union within the concept of Security Sector Reform (SSR), dedicated to two sectorial external policies, i.e. the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), and the Common Security and Defence Policy (CFDP). In this article, the author will attempt to explain what Security Sector Reform actually means for the European Union. For better understanding this analysis author adopted the multi-level governance theory to demonstrate how the SSR concept can be combined with MLG. The author put forward a thesis that, due to many similarities, i.e. in the EU approach to security management in external relations
Acute Care Surgery Preparedness for COVID-19 Pandemic: An Experience from Qatar
Authors: Abutaka Ahmad , Aboumarzouk Omar , Bouchiba Nizar , Abdelaziem Sherif , Gohary Hesham El , Mahdi Hijran , Musthafa Shameel , Zarour Ahmad
Published: October 2020

Most cases of COVID-19 pandemic are now being reported outside Wuhan, China where the first case was detected. It is highly contagious and has engulfed the world in a short span of time. The burden on healthcare resources to care for the public has mounted multifold due to its fast transmission. Non-operative management of COVID-19 positive or the clinical suspicious cases is preferred. Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be utilized to protect the healthcare professionals’ safety. The Ministry of Public Health, Qatar has launched a series of virtual health care facilities to manage patient appointments, medical consultation, sick leave and drug distribution to avoid hospitalization and to minimize the spread of COVID-19 infection to non-emergency patients by dialing hotline number to provide appropriate services. We would like to share and disseminate the experiences at the Acute Care Surgery (ACS) section, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC). Ethical considerations, social distancing and optimum utilization of the available resources are essential to overcome the pandemic situation.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 02 April’21 Page: 154-158
Diagnosis and Management of Allergic Rhinitis in Children
Authors: Dayasiri Kavinda , Thadchanamoorthy V , Thisanayagam Umasunthar
Published: October 2020

Allergic rhinitis which is the most common pediatric allergic disease has a significant negative impact on quality of life in affected children. Further, overall poor control can lead to ‘allergic march’ and later development of bronchial asthma. The main symptoms of allergic rhinitis include nasal discharge, blockage and itchiness of nose, and sneezing. Clinical history focused on identification of nature and severity of symptoms, trigger factors and clinical features of non-allergic rhinitis is crucial for early and accurate diagnosis.The mainstay of non-pharmacological management of allergic rhinitis is allergen avoidance.Second-line antihistamines used either locally or orally are first-line treatment of mild to moderate allergic rhinitis whereas topical nasal corticosteroids are the first line treatment for moderate to severe disease, in whom the control of symptoms is not achieved with antihistamine and those with severe nasal obstruction.Combination therapy with antihistamines and intranasal steroids is more effective than either alone and is second line treatment for children who have poorly controlled rhinitis while on monotherapy. Oral steroids may be indicated in children with significant nasal obstruction and routine use of oral steroids should be avoided.Referral to specialist allergy clinic should be considered for those who are symptomatic despite optimal local and oral therapy. Consideration should be given for specialist otorhinolaryngologist evaluation of children who have features of non-allergic rhinitis and pharmacotherapy resistant nasal obstruction.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 02 April’21 Page: 159-162
Palliative Care Services in Childhood Cancer in Bangladesh: Current Situation and Challenges
Authors: Mohammad Nurunnabi Abu Sadat
Published: October 2020

Background: Palliative care is a major priority in childhood cancer care strategy as it provides compassionate support both for the children and their families.Objective: The aim of the present study was to observe the current situation of palliative care services in childhood cancer in Bangladesh and its challenges.Methods: An anonymous survey was done between July and December of 2013 in some specialized pediatric oncology units of different public and private hospitals in Dhaka city of Bangladesh, based on a semi‐structured questionnaire. A total of 300 respondents including physicians, nurses, caregivers, hospital managers who deal with childhood cancer, and parents of children suffering from cancer took part in this survey. Queries addressed are access to treatment, availability of drugs, palliative care, pain management, cost of treatment, quality of care and perceived challenges.Results: Difficulty in access to treatment (86%), out‐of‐pocket payment for oncology therapies (88%), palliative care (91%) were evident. 93% reported that availability of specialized palliative care services, pain management and psychological plus decision‐making support were directly related to income level. Overall, 96% of respondents indicated that palliative care is important for their patients and 79% indicated that they were competent to provide this care; however, only 64% indicated that they had enough time to deliver quality palliative care. Challenges include lack of awareness, less availability of facility, high cost, limited and inefficient manpower, low quality of care, less communication between health professionals and parents/family members of the patient.Conclusion: In Bangladesh, pediatric oncology is usually practiced in resourcestrained oncology units of pediatric divisions in different public hospitals along with few private hospitals. However, this survey confirmed that many of the children lack access to quality palliative care. Effective palliative care requires establishment of more facilities with cancer registry, availability of drugs for therapies and pain management, manpower development, communication with patients and families in decision‐making.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 02 April’21 Page: 226-229
Preoperative Intravenous Paracetamol Reduces Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Laparoscopic CholecystectomyPatients - An Experience of A Tertiary Specialized Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Reza Sultan , Habib Tamanna , Hasan Mohammad Ifta Khiarul , Chowdhury Anik Roy , Mohammad Mamun Saifuddin , Sazib SM Farhad , Habib SM Ahsanul
Published: October 2020

Background: Afferent blockade of nociceptive (pain) impulses by paracetamol can bein effect throughout intraoperative and postoperative period.Objective: To see the effect of preoperative intravenous paracetamol administration in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.Methods: This single blind, randomized, prospective, case-control studywas conducted in Department of Anesthesiology, Square Hospitals, Dhaka, Bangladesh, between July and December of 2014. A total of 60 adult patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesiawere enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly allocated equally into two groups – A (cases) and B (controls), through a computerized random table, with 30 patients in each group. Patients of group A (cases) received intravenous paracetamol 10mg/kg (in 100ml of normal saline) 10 minutes before skin incision, while group B (controls) received only 100 ml of normal saline 10 minutes before skin incision. Postoperative pain score, duration of demand of first analgesic after operation and amount of opioid requirement were noted down.Results: The mean age of group A was 39.3±4.3 years and in group B 37.4±4.4 years (P>0.05).The mean pain score after 1 hour of operation was 4.4±0.3 in group A and 4.7±0.3 in group B, which reduced to 2.7±0.3 and 2.9±0.2 after 6 hours, then 1.7±0.2 and 1.8±0.2 after 12 hours and 1.0±0.1 and 1.1±0.2 after 24 hours respectively (P<0.05). Early demand of postoperative analgesic within 10 minutes was observed much less in the group A, compared to group B (P<0.001). The mean amount of pethidine required at 1st hour was 34.8±5.4 mg and 36.6±5.0 mg in group A and group B respectively, which increased up to 77.3±10.7 mg and 92.1±8.5 mg respectively at 6th hour. However, the amount steeply decreased at 12th hour to 29.4±5.4 mg and 28.1±4.7 mg respectively (P<0.001). The total amount of pethidine needed was significantly lower in the group A than that of group B (126.8±14.4 vs. 139.6±9.5 mg; P<0.05).Conclusion: Preoperative load of intravenous paracetamol increases the duration of further analgesic requirement as well as reduces postoperative opioid consumption in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 02 April’21 Page: 246-250
Covid-19 pandemic and weather conditions: Can temperature curb the spread?
Authors: Colapkulu Nuray , Simsek Feride İrem , Leblebici İhsan Metin , Alimoglu Orhan
Published: October 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic began in December with the first case detected in Wuhan, China. As Covid-19 rapidly spread through human-to-human contact, it was declared a pandemic. How severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) acts in different weather conditions, whether it shows seasonal changes, and if these two factors affect the course of the pandemic are among the frequently asked questions. It is known that many virus pandemics are affected by seasonal conditions and often occur in winter when immunity is weakened. Studies reporting that the spread of Covid-19 will decelerate in summer are in the majority. The results of studies in which multiple countries have been evaluated, in particular, are that the increased temperature and humidity will reduce the spread of the virus. Studies have also claimed that Covid-19 is not affected by weather conditions. There is yet no definite evidence in how the seasonal change will be manifested in SARS-CoV-2. Measures for protection from the infection are essential to control the pandemic.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 02 April’21 Page: 264-266
Effects of Cryogenic Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-alloyed Tool Steels
Authors: Schulz Alwin , Cui Chengsong , Steinbacher Matthias , Ümit Tuncer , Wunde Martin , Jung Ingrid , Acar Serdal , Nürnberger Florian , Gerstein Gregory , Herbst Sebastian , Maier Hans Jürgen
Published: October 2020

In this work, the influence of a cryogenic treatment on the microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of the high-alloyed tool steels X38CrMoV5-3, X153CrMoV12 and ~X190CrVMo20-4 were investigated. Based on tempering curves of the steels, the heat treatment parameters were determined for the mechanical and wear specimens so that the conventionally heat-treated steels and the cryogenically treated steels featured similar hardness. The investigations showed that an almost complete transformation of retained austenite and a more homogeneous distribution of secondary carbides in the microstructure could be achieved by incorporating a cryogenic treatment. However, the cryogenic treatment does not show significantly positive effects on the investigated mechanical properties and wear resistance of the tool steels. The wear resistance of the samples was dominated by primary carbides. The cryogenic treatment would have a positive effect on large tool components with large wall thicknesses in terms of uniform and complete transformation of retained austenite throughout the entire components.
SOFTWARE SELECTION ON BASE OF SUGENO INTEGRAL
Authors: Salimov Vagif
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of  software selection. As a rule, this tasks are formalized as models of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). The peculiarity of this problem is in the fact that the evaluation criteria , is generally defined by linguistic expert. This requires the use of special methods, in particularly, the theory of fuzzy sets. To solve the problem, an approach based on the  a fuzzy measure  was used . In general, a fuzzy measure allows one to take into account the effect of the mutual influence of criteria. The main difficulty lies in identifying this measure. The fuzzy Sugeno measure and  Sugeno integral were used. An example of solving the indicated problem is given.
Between social footprint and compliance, or “what IBAMA wants”
Authors: Strønen Iselin Åsedotter
Published: October 2020

This article analyzes an “Environmental Education Project” run by the Norwegian state oil company Equinor targeting poor women in the seafood processing industry along the coastline adjacent to Equinor’s off shore Peregrino field in Brazil. The project is a prerequisite for Equinor’s operating license, as required by Brazilian federal environmental authorities. I analyze the broader sociopolitical territory within which the project is implemented, how it is discursively framed and institutionally implemented within Equinor Brazil, and how this conjoins with the Brazilian state’s regulatory framework. I argue that Brazilian legislation and the hands-on approach of authorities uphold Equinor’s commitment to the project and bolster Equinor’s CSR practitioners’ capacity to defend it within the corporate organization. The analysis demonstrates how national legislation and political context shape international oil and gas companies’ approaches to CSR.
Standardizing responsibility through the stakeholder figure
Authors: Knudsen Ståle , Müftüoğlu Ingrid Birce , Hugøy Isabelle
Published: October 2020

Through a multi-sited study of the Norwegian state-owned renewable energy corporation Statkraft, this article explores how the increasing embedding of corporate social responsibility in international guidelines impacts the way responsibility is handled when large energy corporations operate overseas. Focusing on one of Statkraft’s projects in Turkey, we detail how standards are used to guide both operations in the field and external reporting, in the process distancing the corporation from its Norwegian origin. We argue that the application of standards results in much less standardization than is often assumed. “Stories” become as important for reporting as standards, and the elusive figure of the “stakeholder” plays an important role in holding together the heterogeneous field of corporate responsibility.
Exploitation and Low Wages of Labor Migrants in Gulf Countries
Authors: Rasool Faiz , Haider Syed Imran
Published: October 2020

Migration towards the countries for economic reasons has different diverse outcomes for individuals. The present articles discuss the situation of those who migrated for economic stability of their left behind families. The issues faced by the laborers in middle east were explored through case study method from those who visited back home after expiry of visapermits. The migrants were selected from District Dera Ghazi Khan which has thousands of left behind families. Findings show that the Kafala system provides the migrants an opportunity to work and earn but lots of issues have been faced by such migrants in the countries of destination. They are bound to do as per the requirement of the sponsors because disobedience cause their departure from earning opportunity and the country as well. They have been exposed to harsh treatment and payed irregularly and withholding of payments is used as a tool to control.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Ibu Hamil Tentang Ketidaknyamanan Pada Kehamilan Trimester I dan Penatalaksanaannya
Authors: Meti Patimah
Published: October 2020

Pregnancy is a new experience for a woman, physical and psychological changes and social change raises anxiety. Anxiety in expectant mothers is influenced by several factors including knowledge. The condition of the mother's knowledge is lacking due to lack of experience and insufficient information will be complaints that may occur in the I trimester and how to handle it. The purpose of this activity is to increase the knowledge of the I trimester of pregnant women about the discomfort in the I trimester of pregnancy and its handling, data collection is conducted with posttest assessment in pregnant women after administration of education. Results showed that the knowledge of pregnant women about the discomfort in the I trimester and the handling of 55% of the category is adequate and 45% in good category. The health education activities continue to be carried out comprehensively.
Disturbo da binge-eating - Un update
Authors: Dalle Grave Riccardo , Calugi Simona , Sartirana Massimiliano
Published: October 2020

Binge-eating disorder (BED) is characterized by the presence of recurrent binge-eating episodes not followed by the recurrent use of compensatory behaviors, occurring at least once a week for three months, and associated with marked distress. According to the most recent data, BED has a lifetime prevalence of 0.85% (men 0.42% and women 1.25%). The disorder, although it is also present in normal-weight individuals, is more frequent in those with obesity. BED often coexists with specific mental disorders (e.g., depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, or impulse control disorders) and with general medical conditions (e.g., cardiometabolic diseases). Psychological treatments, such as cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), produce remission of binge-eating episodes in about 50-55% of patients, but have a limited effect on weight loss when BED is associated with obesity. Pharmacological treatments for anxiety and depression have limited effects on the symptoms of BED, while some drugs that have shown promising results, such as lisdexamfetamine and dasotraline, are often burdened with important side effects and are not available in Italy. The need to develop a treatment able to determine both a modest, but clinically significant, weight loss and a simultaneous remission of binge-eating episodes and associated psychopathology, has led to design a new treatment, under evaluation, called “CBT-BO”, which integrates strategies and procedures of the CBT-E for eating disorders and CBT for obesity.
Setback Violation and Residents’ Perception about Living Conditions in Vertical Buildings of Qasimabad, Hyderabad
Authors: Shaikh Sajan , Talpur Mir Aftab Hussain , Baig Farrukh , Ogahi Manzoor Ahmed
Published: October 2020

Setback is a building regulation enforced to regulate spacing between two buildings in order to have adequate solar exposer and ventilation. It is mandatory on the part of every individual who wants to construct a structure to obtain permission from the local authority before its construction. Despite rules and regulations framed for good reasons, instances of violation of development control rules (especially setback rules) are observed in the residential buildings of Qasimabad, Hyderabad. This results in the obstruction of sunlight, poor ventilation and high consumption of energy. It also results in deteriorating living conditions and narrowing of the adjacent local roads and alleys, creating congestion. So, this paper has tried to highlight the violations of setback rules in residential buildings and their impact on living conditions. For the perception of living conditions, a questionnaire survey with the Likert 5-point scale was used. Field survey technique was also carried out to measure the existing setbacks of residential buildings in Qasimabad. Standardized setbacks were determined by applying the formulas and by comparing them with existing setbacks. The comparison shows that existing setbacks are against building bye-laws. Despite discussing all building laws with various development agencies, this research is limited to discussing the setback rules mentioned in National Reference Manual (NRM). The study reveals that those residents who do not have a side setback area are more concerned with their privacy, smoke, sound and darkness; whereas, ineffective lighting, air circulation and the rise of temperature affect the living conditions and result in high energy consumption by residents. The study is imperative because it brings the focus of the development agencies towards the neglect of setback rules in high rise buildings and provides the evidence of their impact on living conditions by measuring residents’ perceptions.
Leaf Morphology: An Interpretation of Fractals in Architectural Design
Authors: Ali Anam , Ejaz Umar , Khalid Shazaib
Published: October 2020

Nature is the primary source of inspiration for human mind. Our world is full of interesting natural phenomena, organisms and systems that are essential for the existence of life on earth. Learning from nature is not a new concept. However, with the passage of time and the advancement of technology, the world has shifted to high tech strategies that are not sustainable in our natural context any more. Hence, scientists and designers are rethinking about sustainable solutions by taking inspiration from nature and with the help of advance technologies. Mathematics of self-similar shapes has existed for centuries. We have now realized that it is a natural phenomenon and is known as fractals. It is found everywhere, from trees to river networks, clouds to coral reefs, lighting to bird’s wings and vascular system of lungs to leaves. Fractals are never ending and infinitely complex patterns that are self-similar across different scales. Fractals create infinite complexity but in mathematics, it can be formulated thorough relatively simple equations. The idea is to study leaf morphology to understand the fractal pattern in leaf. Further, we want to explore the properties of leaf fractals so that we can use these arrangements in our architectural design.
A study of visual culture on gravestone in the graveyards of Lahore
Authors: Ali Alia Hadi
Published: October 2020

Passing by the roads of Lahore, one may witness reckless urban development near graveyards. These graveyards are self-introductory structures and are segregated from the rest by the abodes of the living. The study is about the inscriptions on gravestones in the graveyards of Lahore. The city of Lahore is a historical city with its history narrated through its architecture. One of the key constructions are the cenotaphs of royals; some of them are surrounded by gardens and others with beautifully manifested buildings addressing the time and glory of the past. This study investigates the visual hierarchy of the inscriptions on graves in these graveyards through market trends and techniques followed by their makers and visitors. Graveyards of Lahore, in particular, have a unique consumer culture based on the expressive nature of the people of this city. The techniques, materials and styles of construction of these graves make them more or less similar in their size, appearance and visual effect. Due to these similarities, they don’t captivate the human mind as all graveyards of Lahore are similar in their aesthetics, structure and design. This study explores the peculiar nature of these graveyards revealed by analyzing the gravestones placed almost on all the graves from various aspects. There are few researches available in which the inscriptions on gravestones have been addressed as social proclamations. These proclamations, data collection and visual surveys suggested a shift from just documentation to analytical study. Visual documentation of gravestones allows them to be considered as archives which hold a permanent record of the deceased, including their name, alias, age, gender, profession, religion, sect, final words, etc. It also covers the cultural standing of the deceased person through pated images which act as a visual directory of our social norms and beliefs. Grounded theory is applied and convenience and purposive sampling techniques are used to collect data for proper analysis.
A Comparative Study of Minarets of Contemporary Jamia Mosques and Mughal Historical Mosques of Lahore
Authors: Buksh Usman Muhammad , Malik Umer Mahboob
Published: October 2020

Jamia mosque retains the status of a major landmark in any Muslim neighborhood since ages and remains one of the most important institutions of the Muslim world. A minaret, with its typical shape, has always been a significant architectural element of a mosque. However scientific, technological and industrial developments gave birth to new structural forms and shapes of the minaret, as well as changes in its positioning with respect to its design. It was observed that contemporary features and styles of minarets in Lahore were found to be different from the historic mosques of the Mughal era in terms of their form, construction methodology, structure support system, material finishes and positioning. Therefore, it was considered necessary to study the current developments. Thus, the objective of the current paper was set to compare the architectural features and styles of minarets of the Mughal era historical mosques with those of contemporary mosques built in the newly established housing colonies of Lahore. The research was also focused on the evaluation of changes in the stylistic features of the new minarets. Another objective was the identification of factors responsible for new developments and contemporary trends in the construction of these minarets. The results proved that some elements had been used continuously in the construction of minarets throughout the course of history; however, certain changes in trends were also observed. The study concluded that architectural features and styles of minarets constructed in contemporary mosques were different due to changes in materials, technological development and also due to the lack of skilled labor and time. Recommendations were given to ensure that architectural features and styles of contemporary minarets should continue to incorporate traditional Mughal architectural features and styles. There should be a properly developed statutory body of experts responsible for the preparation of sound legislation and appropriate guidelines for the systematic development of contemporary mosques.
How to appraise an environmental health risk assessment paper
Authors: Basu Arindam
Published: October 2020

In this document, we describe the process of environmental health risk assessment, and illustrate a case of an environmental health risk assessment of nickel in drinking water in an Australian setting. We also provide some guidance on how to assess an environmental health risk assessment.
RENCANA STRATEGIS APPLICATION PORTFOLIO PADA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PALEMBANG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE WARD AND PEPPARD
Authors: Putra Bayu Wijaya , Syamsuar Dedy , Akbar Muhamad
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat rencana strategis Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang sehingga dapat menghasilkan application portfolio sistem informasi masa depan yang optimal bagi civitas akademika. Objek penelitian adalah Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang yang telah menerapkan sistem informasi akademik (SIMAK) terpusat sejak 2014. Untuk membuat rencana strategis sistem informasi menggunakan data analisis SWOT dari buku rencana strategis universitas. Pembuatan renstra menggunakan metode Ward and Peppard sebagai framework pembuatan rencana strategis, metode ini memiliki input berupa data SWOT lingkungan bisnis internal dan external, dan lingkungan SI/TI internal dan external. Hasil dari input analisis SWOT tersebut menghasilkan aktifitas yang menjadi basis dalam pembuatan rencana strategis pengembangan aplikasi masa mendatang. Rencana strategis ini menghasilkan application portfolio dalam Kuadran McFarland dan road map rencana pengembangan aplikasi 5 tahun mendatang.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN GOOGLE DRIVE SEBAGAI MEDIA PENYIMPANAN DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Trilaksono Agustinus Rio
Published: October 2020

Internet merupakan new media yang digunakan sebagai sarana untuk berkomunikasi dan bertukar informasi bagi individu atau organisasi di era ICT (information and communication technology). Google Drive merupakan salah satu aplikasi layanan berbasis internet yang memungkinkan pengguna (user) dapat menjadikan media penyimpanan (storage) sebagai sumberdaya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengukur efektivitas penggunaan Google Drive sebagai media penyimpanan di kalangan mahasiswa dengan pendekatan model keberhasilan sistem informasi yang terdiri dari Information Quality, System Quality dan Service Quality. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 77 responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linear berganda dengan perangkat lunas SPSS Version 23.00 melalui analisis statistif deskriptif, uji kualitas instrumen penelitia, uji koefisien determinasi, uji ANNOVA dan uji signifikansi paramater individual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model keberhasilan sistem informasi membuktikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap Satisfaction melalui faktor Information Quality, System Quality dan Service Quality. Service Quality dan System Quality adalah variabel yang paling efektif berpengaruh terhadap Satisfaction dengan nilai koefisien korelasi masing-masing 67,8 persen dan 66,5 persen.
SISTEM PENGOLAHAN DATA PEMINJAMAN DANA BERGULIR PADA DINAS KOPERASI USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS
Authors: Perdana, M.Kom Meilyana Winda
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini Untuk membangun sistem pengolahan data peminjaman dana bergulir pada Dinas Koperasi Usaha Kecil Dan Menengah Kabupaten Musi Rawas berbasis database dengan menggunakan Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengujian Black-Box Testing yaitu pendekatan pegujian dengan menggunakan struktur control dari modul untuk memastikan cakupan lengkap dan deteksi kesalahan maksimum. Hasil penelitian adalah sistem pengolahan data peminjaman dana bergulir pada Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Menengah Kabupaten Musi Rawas dirancang sistem baru yang lebih efektif dan efisien dengan menggunakan pemrograman Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 agar dapat memanfaatkan sistem terkomputerisasi dan hasil dari perancangan sistem program yang dibangun ini adalah mengurangi pemborosan waktu, biaya dan tenaga karena data yang akan dijadikan arsip cukup disimpan dikomputer tanpa harus dicetak pada kertas, kecuali data tertentu yang diperlukan, Efektifitas dan efisiensi kerja menjadi meningkat dan proses kerja yang dilakukan menjadi cepat dan tepat dengan tingkat kesalahan yang minim
PROFILE OF OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES
Authors: Yadav Gopal , Rathod Chetan Laljibhai
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a widespread global disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and altered bone architecture, resulting in increased fragility of the bone and an increased risk of fracture. The prevalence of osteoporosis is projected to rise dramatically in the future due to ageing of population. Leading to increased risk of fracture, osteoporosis is defined as a disorder of skeleton which is characterized by weak strength of bones according to National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Panel. According to the criteria laid by World Health Organization (WHO). There are various causes of osteoporosis which includes growing older with age, rheumatoid arthritis, lower body mass index, gender, premature ovarian failure, deficiency of vitamin D, alchohol abuse, poor consumption of calcium, medications. Osteoporosis sometimes may not be diagnosed until occurrence of fracture since it is a silent disease.

Material and Methods: The study group which comprised of cases was subjects with osteoporotic fractures above 45 years of age having any one or combination of fractions mentioned below: Thoraco-lumbar spine, distal radius, proximal femur, proximal humerus, mechanism of low-energy trauma. Patients with high-energy trauma or fractures, road side accidents and/or below 45 years of age were not included in this study. The control group comprised of subjects above 45 years of age suffering from osteoarthritis.

Results: Majority of females were observed in cases as well as controls in present studies with number of females in cases being  21 in cases while 18 in controls among 30 subjects belonging to each group. It is observed that among all fractures in cases which were included in present study, majority of fractures were proximal femur which accounted for 43% of total fractures followed by distal radius 30%, proximal humerus 20% and thoraco-lumbar spine 7%.

Conclusion: Compromised by strength of bone leading to an increased fracture risk, osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder. Older patients, females, patients with higher BMI and weighed more had a greater proportion of osteoporotic fractures.

Keywords: osteoporotic fractures, BMI, Vitamin D, alchohol abuse, calcium.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES - A PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Jayakumar K  , Aneen Suresh  , Sony Peter
Published: October 2020

Infectious diseases continue to impose unpredictable burdens on global health and economies. Therefore, this has become a concern, even in terms of national security.  In this sense, the objective of the present article was to review the role of wild animals as reservoirs and/or dispersers of etiological agents of human infectious diseases in order to compile data on the main wild animals and etiological agents involved in zoonotic outbreaks. The zoonotic threat of these etiological agents and the impact on public health can be enormous as shown by the ongoing epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV) infections.

Keywords:  Infection, Emerging, Virus, Epedimiology, Pandemic, COVID
Avaliação do conhecimento e uso de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos por dentistas do Seridó Potiguar/RN
Authors: Dantas Izabel Cristina de Medeiros , Lucena Eudes Euller Souza , Lima Álvaro Marcos Pereira
Published: October 2020

O estudo teve como objetivo investigar o conhecimento, atitude e prática dos cirurgiões - dentistas, que atendem na região do Seridó no Rio Grande do Norte, sobre a fitoterapia na prática clínica. A pesquisa foi realizada por um estudo do tipo exploratório e descritivo a partir de um instrumento de coleta de dados do tipo questionário estruturado, com perguntas abertas e fechadas, disponibilizado na plataforma Google Forms e enviado por meio do endereço de e-mail profissional dos dentistas inscritos no CRO-RN que atuam na região. Os dados foram analisados a partir da análise bivariada e do teste Qui-quadrado. Apenas 17,7% dos dentistas entrevistados usam ou indicam plantas medicinais ou fitoterápicos, as espécie mais indicada pelos dentistas é a camomila (Matricaria chamomilla), para aliviar os sintomas da erupção dentária em bebês, tratamento de inflamação e ajuda no processo de cicatrização e o fitoterápico é a Valeriane  (Valeriana officinalis L). 91,1% dos entrevistados nunca cursaram nenhuma disciplina sobre a temática em questão, 68,8% não tem conhecimento da Resolução Nº 082/2008-CFO. Conclui-se, assim, que os dentistas em questão fazem pouca indicação ou prescrição de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos, e sendo possível que isso se dê pelo pouco conhecimento acerca da temática.
Hipnose e analgesia na exodontia: relato de caso
Authors: Montenegro Gil
Published: October 2020

Os procedimentos cirúrgicos odontológicos normalmente são cercados por temor e ansiedade por parte dos pacientes. O objetivo desse estudo foi apresentar um relato de caso com tratamento por hipnose, demonstrando assim o efeito da hipnose no controle da dor durante exodontia de terceiro molar, com mínimo de anestesia. Realizou-se a técnica de hipnose rápida com analgesia da região e dissociação da dor. O relato de caso sugere que a técnica é viável em pacientes sugestionáveis, possibilitando, nestes casos, a ausência de dor e o incomodo durante a cirurgia, e melhora o controle do pós-operatório. A técnica é viável para pacientes sugestionáveis minimizando os efeitos adversos da anestesia.
Homeopatia na revascularização e consolidação de fratura radicular: relato de caso
Authors: Nardy Rosy de Oliveira , Amaral Luciano Abba , Barroso Leonardo dos Santos , Nunes Adriana Marques , Resende Bruna Aparecida
Published: October 2020

Fraturas radiculares horizontais representam 7% dos traumas dentários. Fatores como a localização da fratura, o grau de deslocamento do fragmento e condição pulpar determinam a escolha de tratamentos e prognóstico do dente. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar dois relatos de casos, bem-sucedidos com o auxílio dos medicamentos homeopáticos: Ferrum phosphoricum 6CH para a manutenção da vascularização e vitalidade pulpar no tratamento imediato e composto de Calcarea carbonica 6CH; Calcarea phosphorica 6CH e Calcarea fluorica 6CH na promoção de reparação tecidual destas fraturas. Ambos os pacientes com idade de 14 e 17 anos, respectivamente, apresentaram fraturas horizontais em terço cervical das raízes de incisivos superiores. Foram tratados com contenção radicular rígida por 20 dias, acompanhados com testes térmicos de vitalidade pulpar semanais durante 3 meses e exames de imagem por 06 anos. Os dentes mantiveram condições pulpares de normalidade, reparação tecidual das fraturas radiculares e funções mastigatórias ideais.
The Effect of Feeding with Resveratrol on Myogenin and mTOR Levels in Mice
Authors: Andaç Öztürk Serap , Kızıltan Gül , Yurtçu Erkan , Bacanlı Didem , Korkmaz Kasap Yeşim , Köse Beril
Published: October 2020

Aim: It is reported that resveratrol may induce muscle hypertrophy and myogenesis. Accordingly, resveratrol is promising for the treatment of muscle diseases and ergogenic aid for athletes. In this study it is aimed to observe the effects of resveratrol on myogenin and mTOR levels and muscle mass.

Material and Methods: The study is performed on 14 Swiss albino young adult mice at Başkent University Experimental Animal Research Center. The mice are divided randomly into study (n:7) and control (n:7) groups. During consecutive 7 days, 20 mg/kg trans-resveratrol was given to the study group intraperitoneally. After the seventh day administration, the right gastrocnemius muscles are disected, weighted and stored at -80 °C for mTOR and myogenin analysis. Then, myogenin and mTOR levels are determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in homogenised muscle mass.

Results: According to mean myogenin and mTOR levels, there was no significantly difference between groups (p>0.05). Total body weight and the right gastrocnemius muscle weight of the study group (22.11±3.22 g, 0.09±0.03 g, respectively) at the 7th day was found significantly lower than control group (28.63±3.80 g, 0.12±0.02 g, respectively) (p<0.05).

Conclusion: It was observed that resveratrol administration had no effect on myogenin and mTOR levels which is a fore-step for muscle hypertrophy. On the other hand, interestingly total body weight and muscle mass decrease was observed in the study group. The effects of resveratrol on muscle tissue is a relatively less studied topic. However, the authors are suggesting more studies on the resveratrol usage or administration for the effective dose and time interval investigation.
Potable Water Hygiene from the Stagnation of Water Point of View
Authors: Peráčková Jana , Juhošová Dominika
Published: October 2020

Potable and hygienically suitable water supply is important for both residential and commercial buildings. The contribution focuses on potable water hygiene and quality from the water stagnation point of view. Stagnation of water is very dangerous phenomena because it causes the change in water quality. Proper routing and arrangement of cold and hot water pipes can significantly reduce the risk of water stagnation. In the paper, the classical trunk-and-branch installation system with the hygienically more suitable alternatives are compared. The paper also provides the definition of potable water, basic factors affecting its quality and basic rules for its control.