bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGUKUHAN HAFAZAN PELAJAR MELALUI MODUL LIQA (LATIHAN INTENSIF HAFAZAN AL-QURAN) : SATU PENDEKATAN
Authors: Mohamed Mohd Hasdi , Rashidi Abbas
Published: July 2023

The memorization of Al Quran among Muslims is emphasized especially to the young generation today. Moreover, it is a priviledge that not everyone is able to do and is an exclusive virtue of that individual in the eyes of God in particular and in society in general. So, the variety of Al Quran memorization methods that have appeared in the recent era to some extent help the Al Quran memorization process to be more organized and organized. However, all of these methods are difficult to meet the criteria of memorization methods that help students to memorize Al Quran practically and have less of a positive impact on students' memorization results because they focus on organizing students' schedules. The main objective of this study is to introduce the Al Quran memorization module: The LIQA Module (Intensive Al-Quran Memorization Training and to know how to apply the module in the memorization process. The LIQA module comes with 3 main steps: the preparation step, the memorization step and the strengthening step. The results of the application In this module, the author found that LIQA's memorization module was successful in producing excellent memorization and covering the needs of memorization.
 
Hafazan Al Quran dalam kalangan umat islam amat dititikberatkan terutama kepada generasi muda kini. Lebih-lebih lagi ia merupakan kelebihan yang tidak semua orang mampu untuk melakukannya dan merupakan nilai tambah yang eksklusif kepada individu tersebut di sisi Allah khususnya dan dalam kalangan masyarakat umumnya. Jadi, kepelbagaian kaedah hafazan Al Quran yang muncul pada era terkini sedikit sebanyak membantu proses hafazan Al Quran supaya lebih teratur dan tersusun. Namun, kesemua kaedah tersebut sukar untuk memenuhi kriteria-kriteria kaedah hafazan yang membantu pelajar untuk menghafaz Al Quran secara praktikal dan kurang memberikan impak yang positif kepada hasil hafazan pelajar kerana ia memberi fokus kepada penyusunan jadual pelajar. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk memperkenalkan modul hafazan Al Quran : Modul LIQA (Latihan Intensif Hafazan al-Quran dan mengetahui kaedah pengaplikasian modul tersebut dalam proses hafazan. Modul LIQA didatangkan dengan 3 langkah utama langkah persediaan, langkah hafazan dan langkah pengukuhan. Hasil daripada pengaplikasian modul ini, penulis mendapati modul hafazan LIQA berjaya menghasilkan hafazan yang sangat baik serta merangkumi keperluan hafazan.
MAQASID SYARIAH SEBAGAI SATU PANDUAN DALAM PENGURUSAN WARGA EMAS MUSLIM DI MALAYSIA
Authors: T.M. Tuan Sidek , Ismail Hasanuddin
Published: July 2023

Warga emas ialah peringkat usia istimewa yang memerlukan pengurusan tersendiri. Peningkatan golongan ini dan perubahan gaya hidup masyarakat kontemporari menyebabkan pengurusan diri golongan ini perlu diberi perhatian. Di Malaysia, terdapat dasar dan strategi yang telah digubal dan dirangka dalam pengurusan warga emas berlandaskan pelbagai rujukan. Walau bagaimanapun, tidak disebut secara langsung ajaran Islam turut dijadikan sandaran dalam penggubalan tersebut  tanpa dinafikan secara asasnya dasar dan strategi yang dibuat bermatlamat untuk mendatangkan kebaikan dan tidak bercanggah dengan ajaran Islam. Walaupun begitu, sebagai satu agama yang syumul, Islam telah menyediakan panduan asas dalam pelbagai bentuk pengurusan termasuk pengurusan golongan warga emas. Sehubungan dengan itu, tulisan berbentuk konsep berkaitan maqasid syariah sebagai satu panduan dalam  pengurusan warga emas Muslim di Malaysia dibuat bagi menjelaskan penggunaan pendekatan dan prinsip maqasid syariah dalam pengurusan warga emas khususnya yang beragama Islam. Tulisan ini berasaskan kepada data yang diperolehi melalui kajian yang bersifat kualitatif dari jenis kajian perpustakaan. Rujukan kepada sumber utama ajaran Islam serta prinsip-prinsip maqasid syariah dilakukan sebagai sandaran terhadap cadangan yang dikemukakan. Semoga tulisan ini dapat membantu kefahaman masyarakat dalam usaha menambah baik dan memperkasa pengurusan golongan ini.
The elderly are a special age group that requires special management. The increase of this group and the change in the lifestyle of contemporary society cause the self-management of this group to be given attention. In Malaysia, there are policies and strategies that have been formulated in the management of the elderly based on various references. However, it is not directly mentioned that Islamic teachings are also used as a basis in the drafting without denying that the policies and strategies that are made are aimed at bringing good and may not contradict Islamic teachings. Even so, as a comprehensive religion, Islam has provided basic guidance in various forms of management, including the management of the elderly. In connection with that, a conceptual article related to maqasid shariah as a guide in the management of elderly Muslims in Malaysia was made to explain the use of the approach and principles of maqasid shariah in the management of the elderly.This article is based on data obtained through a qualitative study of the type of library research.  Reference to the main sources of Islamic teachings as well as the principles of maqasid shariah is done in support to the proposals presented. Hopefully this article can help the community’s understanding in an effort to improve and empower the management of this group.
ISTIHALAH CONTENTION IN HALAL FOOD INGREDIENTS
Authors: H. Ab. Rahim  , Ahmad Hasan , M.H. Ab. Rahim
Published: July 2023

Modern food ingredients nowadays vary and more complex compared with previous decade so they come in different forms and content. They were produced with advanced technology that involved modification and changing in chemical, biological, and physical properties of food which aligned with the Istihalah concept. However, the issue becomes debatable among Muslim consumers when these beneficial food ingredients; protease enzymes and gelatin are made from non-halal sources which are blood and pork (khinzir). However, when referring to Istihalah, two different thoughts from Islamic jurists (ulama), Islamic scholars, and sects (Mazhab) were discovered. This contention might be escalated and become a misunderstanding among Muslims if there is no clarification made with the incorporation of Islamic guidance together with the science and technology explanation. Therefore, this paper will highlight the Istihalah principles in fiqh and Islamic Jurisprudence (Usul al-fiqh), a different point of view regarding Istihalah from Islamic jurists (ulama), sects (Mazhab), and Islamic Scholars, and the applications of Istihalah towards controversial food ingredients with support from latest science and technology studies. The expectation for this paper is to give a better understanding of Istihalah in Islamic perspectives proved by scientific foundation.
PERMASALAHAN YANG DIHADAPI OLEH BRITISH SEMASA MENDUDUKI TANAH MELAYU DARI KACAMATA BRITISH 1786-1957
Authors: Hasnah Hussiin
Published: July 2023

Pendudukan British di Tanah Melayu adalah antara topik paling penting dalam sejarah negara ini. Pendudukan British telah meninggalkan banyak kesan sama ada dari aspek politik, ekonomi, sosial, budaya dan pemikiran masyarakat di negara ini yang mana kesannya boleh dilihat sehingga ke hari ini. Persoalannya, apakah pendudukan British di negara ini berjalan dengan lancar dan tiada masalah?. Kajian ini dilakukan bagi melihat apakah masalah-masalah yang mana ia diakui sendiri oleh pegawai British yang mewakili orang British dan ternyata British juga mempunyai beberapa kelemahan dalam mentadbir dan menaungi Tanah Melayu. Tanpa kerjasama pemerintah dan rakyat, British tidak mampu menduduki dan memerintah negara ini selama beratus tahun. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kajian kepustakaan berdasarkan laporan yang direkodkan oleh pegawai British di Tanah Melayu bertarikh 1954.

The British occupation of Malaya is one of the most important topics in the history of this country. The British occupation has left many effects either from the political, economic, social, cultural and community. Is the British occupation in this country going smoothly and without problems?. This study was carried out to see what the problems were which were admitted by the British officials who represented the British people and it turned out that the British also had some weaknesses in governing and protecting Malaya. Without the cooperation of the government and the people, the British would not be able to occupy and rule this country for hundreds of years. This study uses a literature review methodology based on reports recorded by British officers in Malaya dated 1954.
KEMASUKAN PENGARUH ISLAM DALAM PEMBENTUKAN SEJARAH NEGARA BANGSA MALAYSIA
Authors: Ahmad Farid Abdul Jalal  , Rahimin Affandi Abdul Rahim  , Mohamad Hilmi Mat Said  , Awang Azman Awang Pawi
Published: July 2023

Sesuai dengan penegasan al-Quran, ilmu sejarah dapat dijadikan alat utama untuk mengetahui asas kenapa sesuatu fenomena berkembang dalam masyarakat. Berasaskan kepada teori ini, kajian ini akan menggunakan analisis kritikal yang dibuat terhadap sumber sejarah Malaysia. Hasilnya, kajian mendapati tiga faktor utama yang mencorakkan sejarah Malaysia. Ketiga faktor ini merangkumi kepercayaan Melayu pra Islam; impak Islam dalam masyarakat dan pengaruh penjajahan colonial British. Ternyata sekali ketiga-tiga pengaruh ini saling mempengaruhi antara satu sama dan ianya tetap dominan hingga pada zaman sekarang.

By referring to Qur'an, the science of history can be used as the main tool to explorer the phenomenon of society development. Based on this theory, this study will use a critical analysis made on Malaysian historical sources. As a result, the study found three main factors that shaped the history of Malaysia. These three factors include pre-Islamic Malay beliefs; the impact of Islam in society and the influence of British colonialism. It turns out that these three influences influence each other and it remains dominant until today.
Expansión de sistemas de transmisión eléctrica usando tablas de probabilidad de pérdida de capacidad en el modelo generación-transmisión
Authors: Maita-Sánchez Santiago Javier , Barrera-Singaña Carlos Andrés
Published: July 2023

Los sistemas eléctricos de potencia, en la etapa de generación - transmisión, tienen gran preponderancia a nivel mundial. Estos sistemas constituyen la vía para distribuir vastas cantidades de energía eléctrica desde los centros de generación eléctrica hacia los distintos sectores de consumo. La planeación de la expansión de los sistemas de generación y transmisión tiene una gran representatividad, por lo que atender la respuesta de la demanda y su crecimiento es el desafío de las empresas dedicadas a este giro de negocio. En este trabajo, se realiza la planeación de la expansión del sistema de generación y transmisión en un sistema eléctrico de prueba mediante dos fases. En primera instancia, se desarrolla un algoritmo que permita construir tablas de probabilidad de pérdida de capacidad y utilizar criterios de confiabilidad para determinar los nuevos proyectos de generación necesarios para cubrir la demanda y tener la reserva necesaria al año horizonte de planificación. Con los resultados de la primera fase se da apertura a la segunda fase, en la cual se utiliza un algoritmo de optimización para un problema de carácter entero lineal mixto y aplicación del flujo óptimo de potencia DC para determinar los proyectos de transmisión necesarios para conectar, al sistema base, los nuevos proyectos de generación determinados en la primera fase y su despacho de potencia óptimo para minimizar costos tanto de inversión como de operación.
Properties of engineered wood flooring with cold-pressing and emulsion polymer isocyanate adhesive
Authors: Yang Guoping , Wang Xunuo , Zhong Dinglan
Published: July 2023

For the sake of improving the product quality and economy, a series of cold-pressing experiments were carried out to investigate the material properties of engineered wood flooring with emulsion polymer isocyanate adhesive. Effect of pressing time, pressure, and adhesive spreading rate on modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) was analyzed based on orthogonal experimental design. According to the results, both the MOE and MOR were positively correlated with pressing pressure and adhesive spreading rate. The MOE first increased and then decreased with the increase of pressing time, and MOR showed an increasing trend with the pressing time. Meanwhile, pressing time had the greatest effect on the MOE, followed by adhesive spreading rate, and pressing pressure. However, adhesive spreading rate had the greatest influence on the MOE, followed by pressing time and pressure. Furthermore, pressing time had a significant contribution to both MOE and MOR, and adhesive spread rate had a significant effect on only the MOR. Finally, the optimal cold-pressing condition was determined as 18 s pressing time, 1.25 MPa pressure, and 200 g/m3 adhesive spreading rate, and it is proposed for application in the industrial cold pressing of engineered wood flooring for the highest MOE, MOR, and production benefit.
Mechanical performance and anti-fungal and anti-algal properties for teakwood/parawood/PVC composites in UV-weathering and seawater immersion conditions,
Authors: Kanking Sirichai , Pulngern Tawich , Rosarpitak Vichai , Sombatsompop Narongrit
Published: July 2023

This work examined teakwood and parawood in wood/poly(vinyl chloride) composite (WPVC) materials under UV-weathering and seawater immersion. The mechanical properties as well as anti-fungal and anti-algal performance were considered. Teakwood and parawood (a rubberwood product) in WPVC materials at ratios of 0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 80:20, and 100:0 were investigated. UV-weathering ageing periods of 0 to 32 days and seawater immersion periods of 0 to 90 were studied. Aspergillus niger TISTR 3012 and Chlorella vulgaris TISTR 8580 were used as marine fungi and marine algae, respectively. Higher parawood content (in formulations of 0:100, 20:80 and 40:60) in WPVC composite materials enabled better mechanical properties than those of higher teakwood content (in formulations of 60:40, 80:20 and 100:0). Seawater immersion caused more deterioration of WPVC composite materials than UV-weathering ageing. Both anti-microbial agents and wood particles are potentially used in WPVC composite materials for anti-microbial properties, including the percentage reduction of fungal and algal growth. Increasing UV-weathering ageing and seawater immersion periods decreased the percentage reduction of fungal growth, but increased the percentage reduction of algal growth in WPVC composite materials. The results suggested higher parawood content (in a formulation of 20:80) for WPVC composite materials for coastal environment applications.
Surface modification of sugarcane bagasse cellulose and its effect on mechanical and water absorption properties of sugarcane bagasse cellulose/HDPE composites
Authors: Mulinari Daniella Regina , Voorwald Herman J. C. , Cioffi Maria Odila H. , Rocha George J. , Pinto Da Silva Maria Lúcia C.
Published: July 2023

Cellulose fibres from sugarcane bagasse were bleached and modified by zirconium oxychloride in order to improve the mechanical properties of composites with high density polyethylene (HDPE). The mechanical properties of the composites prepared from chemically modified cellulose fibres were found to increase compared to those of bleached fibres. Tensile strengths of the composites showed a decreasing trend with increasing filler content. However, the values for the chemically modified cellulose fibres/HDPE composites at all mixing ratios were found to be higher than that of neat HDPE. Results of water immersion tests showed that the water absorption affected the mechanical properties. The fracture surfaces of the composites were recorded using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM micrographs revealed that interfacial bonding between the modified filler and the matrix was significantly improved by the fibre modification.
Using a membrane filtration process to concentrate the effluent from alkaline peroxide mechanical pulping plants
Authors: Zhang Yong , Cao Chun-Yu , Hou Qing-Xi , Feng Wen-Ying , Xu Ming , Su Zhen-Hua , Lin Qiao-Yuan , Zhuang Jin-Feng , Lv Wei-Jun
Published: July 2023

Using a multi-effect evaporation system to concentrate the effluent from alkaline peroxide mechanical pulping (APMP) plants is known to require a high energy consumption. In order to improve the situation, a polyethersulfone membrane was used to concentrate the effluent of APMP plants beforehand. An orthogonal experimental design was applied and a mathematical model was established to optimize the filtration parameters. An estimation of potential energy and water savings from this new concentration process was developed. The optimal filtration conditions obtained were: molecular weight cut-off at 10,000 Dalton, trans-membrane pressure at 3 bar, feed temperature at 50oC, cross-flow velocity at 420 rpm, and volume reduction factor at 0.93. The average permeate flux under these conditions was 45.31 l/m2.h. The total solids content was increased from 14.74 g/l in the feed to 95.04 g/l in the concentrate. The permeate had low total solid contents of 8.75 g/l, Chemical Oxygen Demand of 6696 mg/l, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand of 4383 mg/l. Such qualities would allow the permeate to be reused in the alkaline peroxide mechanical pulping process. With this new concentration process, about 4840.6 kwh energy can be saved and 23.3 m3 effluent discharge can be reduced for each ton of pulp produced.
Effect of last stage bleaching with peracetic acid on brightness development and properties of eucalyptus pulp
Authors: Barros Denise P. , Silva Vanessa L. , Hämäläinen Hannu , Colodette Jorge L.
Published: July 2023

Investigation of last stage bleaching with peracetic acid is the main subject of this paper. Proper conditions were established to apply peracetic acid as the last bleaching stage of the D(Ep)D/Paa, DHT(Ep)D/Paa, A/D(Ep)D/Paa, DHT/Q(PO)Paa and Z/ED/Paa sequences. In addition, the impact of last stage bleaching with Paa on pulp refinability and strength properties was determined. Peracetic acid was consumed relatively fast when applied as the last stage of ECF bleaching sequences. A reaction time of 120 min at 75 oC and pH 5.0 is seemingly adequate regardless of the Paa dose, in the range of 1-5 kg/odt pulp and bleaching sequence. The optimum dose of Paa depends upon the sequence under investigation. In general the Paa application as last bleaching stage caused slight decrease in pulp viscosity, kappa number and HexA content but had no significant effect on pulp reversion and L*a*b* coordinates. The refinability and bonding strength properties of the pulps bleached with the sequences DHT(Ep)DD and DHT(Ep)D/Paa were quite similar when the pH of the last bleaching stage of both sequences were near 5. These properties improved slightly when Paa bleaching pH was raised to 8.5.
Soil fungi: Potential mycoremediators of lignocellulosic waste
Authors: Sarithaa Vara , Maruthi Y. Avasn
Published: July 2023

The continual expansion of urbanization and industrial activity has led to the accumulation of a large quantity of lignocellulosic residues throughout the world. In particular, large quantities of paper and bagasse are largely produced in Visakhapatnam. In this work we present the study of the degradability of these substrates with fungi. Three cultures of soil fungi were screened for their ability to degrade cellulose. Aspergillus flavus degraded the most, as shown by the highest CO2 release. Further, Aspergillus flavus was tested with the standard fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium for cellulose degradation, which showed nearly equivalent potential.
Properties of fibres/culm strands from mat sedge - Cyperus pangorei Rottb.
Authors: Benazir Jahangir Ali Fathima , Manimekalai Venugopal , Ravichandran Perumal , Dinesh Dhurvas Chandrasekaran , Suganthid Ramasamy
Published: July 2023

The anatomical, chemical, and physico-mechanical properties of the fibres of C. pangorei were investigated in this study. The results indicate that the rind region that is split and used in mat making contains compactly arranged fibrovascular bundles and a discontinuous patch of fibrous sheath. The frequency and the R/T ratio of the bundles were high in the rind region and were indicative of fibre strength. Lignin and cellulose, the major cell wall substances, were localized with heterochromatic, fluorescent, and natural dyes. The holocellulose content was high (82.2 %), and the lignin content was comparatively low (13.28 %) as analyzed by the method of Doree. Very thick walled, thick walled, very thin walled, and thin walled fibres were characterized when fibres were macerated, and their derived values indicated a high Slenderness and Runkell ratio that is indicative of tear resistance. The tenacity and percentage elongation of the split culm strands was also high, and this implies high strength of the fibre strands. The fibre of this mat sedge thus has favorable characteristics to be potentially utilized in the mat and silkmat industry. Furthermore the plant’s annual harvesting period, biomass, and appropriate fibre characteristics makes this sedge very attractive as an alternative fibre source in the miscellaneous plant fibre industry.
Variabilidad morfoagronómica de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) nativa tipo Chimborazo en Ecuador
Authors: Castro-Albán Hugo Alejandro , Castro-Gómez Rosa del Pilar , Alvarado-Capó Yelenys
Published: July 2023

Introducción. La quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) es un cultivo estratégico e importante en la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria. Es el único alimento vegetal que proporciona todos los aminoácidos esenciales. Su amplia diversidad varietal constituye un acervo genético valioso, se adapta a diferentes condiciones agroecológicas y es tolerante a heladas, sequías y salinidad. Objetivo. Caracterización morfoagronómica de la quinua nativa tipo Chimborazo en Ecuador. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó en la provincia de Chimborazo, cantón Colta, parroquia Sicalpa, comunidad de Ocpote Tablarumi en Ecuador entre enero y julio de 2021. Se emplearon semillas pertenecientes a una familia andina que las ha seleccionado y conservado ciclo tras ciclo de cultivo durante generaciones familiares. El cultivo se estableció con siembra a chorro continuo a razón de 12 kg/ha en un área total de la parcela de 640 m2 (estimado de 10 240 plantas). Después de la emergencia se seleccionaron al azar y se marcaron 100 plantas que se tomaron como unidades básicas para la caracterización de la población. Se utilizaron descriptores fenotípicos del cultivo establecidos a nivel internacional y se evaluaron caracteres cualitativos (16) y cuantitativos (12). Resultados. Los resultados evidenciaron variabilidad fenotípica. El color del tallo, el color de las estrías, el diámetro de la panoja, longitud de la panoja y días a la cosecha fueron las características que más contribuyeron a la variabilidad observada. Conclusiones. La población de plantas de quinua nativa tipo Chimborazo evaluada a través de 100 individuos, mostró variabilidad fenotípica tanto en características cuantitativas como cualitativas, y con mayor frecuencia en el diámetro de la panoja, la longitud de la panoja, la longitud del peciolo, la altura de la planta, el ancho de la hoja, el rendimiento, el color del tallo y el color de las estrías.
Distribution of diversity of fishes in an Andean fluvial network
Authors: Valencia-Rodríguez Daniel , Herrera-Pérez Juliana , Botero-Escalante David , García-Melo Luis , Arenas-Serna Diana , Álvarez-Bustamante Frank , Parra-R Emerson , Jiménez-Segura Luz Fernanda
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The distribution of freshwater fishes in the Colombian Andes results from the interaction between historical and recent factors. Currently, the Andean landscape is facing rapid transformation processes. However, the knowledge regarding species distribution and environmental requirements is advancing slower than the transformations underway in the fluvial networks. Objective: To understand the conformation of the fish assemblage in the middle and lower Cauca River basin, considering the local environmental context before the construction of the Ituango Dam, and quantifying β diversity and its two components (turnover and nestedness) amongst local fish communities. Methods: 58 localities were monitored during nine years (between February 2010 and November 2018), the period before the dam's operation. The species richness (α-diversity), species turnover (β-diversity), and assemblage composition were estimated for the given localities. Results: 114 species were recorded, representing ~ 49 % of the total richness of known species for the Magdalena basin. The richness distribution showed that the number of species varies among the aquatic environments. Swamps presented the most significant number of species, followed by the Cauca River, while streams had the lowest values of richness. The spatial analyses of β-diversity revealed a high variation component in the study area due to species replacement between the aquatic environments. Conclusions: The implementation of long-term monitoring allowed us to recognize that the Cauca River basin conserves a great variety of species-rich environments. The species turnover indicates a high proportion of endemism or multiple sites with unique species. Finally, our study will serve as a baseline to verify, over time, whether the dam's construction is associated with essential changes in the structure of fish communities.
Segunda Versión:22/3/23 Bosques de coral negro y organismos asociados en la zona mesofótica de Los Cóbanos, El Salvador
Authors: Segovia Johanna
Published: July 2023

Introducción: Los estudios de coral negro en Centroamérica son escasos. No se ha publicado nada sobre las especies, hábitats, distribución e importancia del coral negro de El Salvador. A pesar de que Antipathes ha sido reportado como uno de los géneros de coral que ha sucumbido a la presión antrópica. Objetivos: Identificar las especies de corales negros en Los Cóbanos, El Salvador, y caracterizar cualitativamente la abundancia y el tamaño de las colonias; e identificar las especies epibiontes más conspicuas en las colonias. Métodos: Se realizó censo visual con buceo para la caracterización cualitativa y fotografías submarinas para el registro de especies epibiontes en seis puntos de Los Cóbanos, entre diciembre de 2021 y febrero de 2022, asimismo para caracterizar tamaño de las colonias y abundancia. Resultados: Se realizo el primer informe de bosques de coral negro en El Salvador, construidos por dos especies: Myriopathes panamensis y Antipathes galapagensis. También, reportamos por primera vez la presencia de M. panamensis, Pacifigorgia senta, Heterogorgia verrucosa, Eugorgia mutabilis, Nemathus californicus y Amphiodia sp. Encontramos afectaciones de origen antrópico, como desechos marinos y daños a las colonias por anclas. Conclusiones: Es necesario establecer esfuerzos para conocer la fauna de la zona mesofótica, principalmente en ecosistemas marinos vulnerables de bosques de coral negro y jardines de gorgonias. Existe un potencial importante, y los datos ayudarán a superar las brechas de información en la región, permitiendo mejores medidas de conservación.
Objectives: Report the species of black corals that are recorded in Los Cóbanos, El Salvador, and to qualitatively characterize the abundance and size of the colonies; also, to identify the most conspicuous epibiont species of the colonies.
Methods: Visual census with SCUBA diving for qualitative characterization and underwater photographs were taken for the registration of epibiont species in six points of Los Cóbanos, between December 2021 to February 2022.
Results: Is the first report of black coral forests in El Salvador, this is structured by two species. Additionally, the new species records for the country are: Myriopathes panamensis, Heterogorgia verrucosa, Eugorgia sp., Nemathus californicus, y Amphiodia sp. Affectations of anthropic origin were observed, such as marine debris and damage to the colonies by anchors.
Conclusions: It is necessary to establish efforts to know the fauna of mesophotic zone, mainly in vulnerable marine ecosystems of black coral forests and gorgonian gardens. There is important potential, and the data will help overcome information gaps in the region and allowing for better conservation measures.
Polish Hip Hop at Home and Abroad
Authors: Rymajdo Kamila
Published: July 2023

Taco Hemingway is one of Poland’s most popular rappers, becoming the first Polish artist to be streamed a billion times on Spotify. Often described as a fresh voice in the Polish hip hop scene, Hemingway also offers a new perspective due to his status as a return migrant, having lived in the United Kingdom. As such, this article positions Hemingway’s output in the context of migration studies and, specifically, the impact migration has on sending countries. Through Hemingway’s music, the article examines the various stages of migration, from experiences abroad to return and circular migration, while also appraising Hemingway’s work within the context of social remittances—the impact that return migrants have on stayers. It also posits that Hemingway’s oeuvre represents the failure of the “Grand Narrative” of Polish migration, as well as the dissatisfaction that return migrants can feel upon return, choosing ultimately to go back to the country to which they emigrated.
Introduction
Authors: Palma Daniele
Published: July 2023

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Comparison of Posterior and Antero-Lateral Renal Tumors in Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Anıl Hakan , Yıldız Ali , Guzel Ahmet , Akdemir Serkan , Karamık Kaan , Arslan Murat
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to compare the anterolateral and posterior localized renal masses in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy with the retroperitoneal approach in terms of operative, functional, and oncological outcomes. Patients who underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy by a single surgeon between January 2013 and January 2021 were included in the study. A one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to obtain two balanced groups. The patients were divided into two groups as posterior and anterolateral according to the localization of the mass. A total of 239 patients were included in the PSM analysis, with 65 patients allocated to each group. The mean operative time was 79.2 ± 11.2 min in the posterior group, while it was 90.0 ± 11.6 min in the anterolateral group (P < 0.001). Warm ischemia time was 15.9 ± 2.4 min in the posterior group and 18.6 ± 2.7 min in the anterolateral group (P < 0.001). The median decrease in eGFR at 1 year was 4.8 (IQR, 2.9–6.9) mL/min in the posterior group and 5.0 (IQR, 2.8–11) mL/min in the anterolateral group (P = 0.219). The warm ischemia time and clamping technique were found to be significant factors for predicting eGFR change after surgery (β:0.693, 95% CI: 0.39–0.99, P < 0.001; β:6.43, 95% CI: 1.1–11.7, P = 0.017, respectively). We report that retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy provided longer warm ischemia and operative time for anterolateral renal masses than posterior masses. However, long-term oncological and functional results were similar for both localizations.
Another Warning About Median Reaction Time
Authors: Miller Jeff
Published: July 2023

Contrary to the warning of Miller (1988), Rousselet and Wilcox (2020) argued that it is better to summarize each participant's single-trial reaction times (RTs) in a given condition with the median than with the mean when comparing the central tendencies of RT distributions across experimental conditions. They acknowledged that median RTs can produce inflated Type~I error rates when conditions differ in the number of trials tested, consistent with Miller's warning, but they showed that the bias responsible for this error rate inflation could be eliminated with a bootstrap bias correction technique. The present simulations extend their analysis by examining the power of bias-corrected medians to detect true experimental effects and by comparing this power with the power of analyses using means and regular medians. Unfortunately, although bias corrected medians solve the problem of inflated Type~I error rates, their power is lower than that of means or regular medians in many realistic situations. In addition, even when conditions do not differ in the number of trials tested, the power of tests (e.g., t-tests) is generally lower using medians rather than means as the summary measures. Thus, the present simulations demonstrate that summary means will often provide the most powerful test for differences between conditions, and they show what aspects of the RT distributions determine the size of the power advantage for means.
Effectiveness of the “But-you-are-free” technique
Authors: Fillon Adrien , Souchet Lionel , Pascual Alexandre , Girandola Fabien
Published: July 2023

The “But you are free…” (BYAF) technique is a technique to increase compliance (for example, to give spare change for the bus), by adding the words “But you are free to accept or refuse” to the request. In this pre-registered meta-analysis, we examine the effect of the BYAF technique in 52 experiments (N = 19528). An analysis of 74 effect sizes showed a medium effect (g = 0.44, 95% confidence intervals (CI) [0.36, 0.51]) for the BYAF technique. A moderator analysis found a stronger effect for face-to-face interactivity over other types of interactivities. All the other moderators we used were not statistically significant. We did not find any differences between articles published before and after Carpenter’s (2013) meta-analysis. An examination of risk of bias showed that only seven studies were of “low risk”, and a meta-analysis of these studies showed no effect of the BYAF (g = 0.11, 95% CI [-0.18, 0.40]) We also found that most recent studies on the subject are too low-powered to detect the effect found by Carpenter (2013), and the reproducibility rates were critically low (R-index = 9.77%, Z-curve expected discovery rate = 6%). We propose some improvements to the design and experiments to ensure the effects found in the literature exist and are replicable. All materials are available on https://osf.io/8eqa5/
Defaults versus framing: Revisiting Default Effect and Framing Effect with replications and extensions of Johnson and Goldstein (2003) and Johnson, Bellman, and Lohse (2002)
Authors: Chandrashekar Subramanya Prasad , Adelina Nadia , Zeng Shiyuan , Chiu Yan Ying Esther , Leung Grace Yat Sum , Henne Paul , Cheng Bo Ley , Feldman Gilad
Published: July 2023

People tend to stick with a default option instead of switching to another option. For instance, Johnson and Goldstein (2003) found a default effect in an organ donation scenario: if organ donation is the default option, people are more inclined to consent to it. Johnson et al. (2002) found a similar default effect in health-survey scenarios: if receiving more information about your health is the default, people are more inclined to consent to it. Much of the highly cited, impactful work on these default effects, however, has not been replicated in well-powered samples. In two well-powered samples (N = 1920), we conducted a close replication of the default effect in Johnson and Goldstein (2003) and in Johnson, Bellman, and Lohse (2002). We successfully replicated Johnson and Goldstein (2003). In an extension of the original findings, we also show that default effects are unaffected by the permanence of these selections. We, however, failed to replicate the findings of Johnson, Bellman, and Lohse’s (2002) study; we did not find evidence for a default effect. We did, however, find a framing effect: participants who read a positively-framed scenario consented to receive health-related information at a higher rate than participants who read a negatively framed scenario. We also conducted a conceptual replication of Johnson et al. (2002) that was based on an organ-donation scenario, but this attempt failed to find a default effect. Our results suggest that default effects depend on framing and context. Materials, data, and code are available on: https://osf.io/8wd2b/.
Anti-Soviet Ethics and Aesthetics of M. Zakharov’s Film “To Kill the Dragon” in Discussions on Digital Platforms
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Suslov Ivan
Published: July 2023

The study of the temporal transformation of attitudes to the ethical and aesthetic values of the Perestroika era in post-Soviet Russia is proposed through the analysis of the modern audience reception of its film products. Feature films are defined as a source of information about the dominant meanings of the era when they were created. The main attention in this article will be paid to the ethical and aesthetic components of the film "To Kill the Dragon" (directed by M. Zakharov), which was released on Soviet screens in 1988, as well as its reading by Russians in the 21st century. The present research contributes to understanding the nature of the modern perception of ethical and aesthetic ideas, important during the period of Perestroika and encoded in M. Zakharov's film script. The study of the factors of critical (and insufficient) attention to the film now contributes to understanding the relevance of the period of Perestroika for understanding the processes of the 21st century. As a result of the analysis of the modern reception of Mark Zakharov's film in the media space (in particular, in the form of reviews on the Kinopoisk, reviews of Yandex and others), three strategies of audience comment were identified: philosophical, film critical and political science. The analysis of the modern reception of Mark Zakharov's film allows us to conclude not only about its relevance in the 21st century, but also to identify factors that make it difficult to perceive it positively. The film disgusts young viewers with its aesthetics, and experienced ones with its opportunism. The free interpretation of the play by Evgeny Schwartz, the director's departure from the spirit and letter of the original source in our time has become much more sharply criticized. Viewers are upset by Mark Zakharov's lack of a direct forecast of the development of history after the victory over the Dictatorship of the Dragon.
Survey on Online Learning: Feedback Analysis in The Light of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Parbin Najmin , Roy Ipsita , Dey Joydeep
Published: July 2023

During COVID-19 pandemic crisis, ICT guided E-learning had played an important part in educational forum. It had helped the students and teachers to carry out their studies through online modes. There were plenty of advantages and disadvantages of E-learning. Observing this, we had
conducted an online survey to know the impact of ICT based E-learning. Web app was designed by us and shared amongst targeted students of COVID-19 period. Some of the questions designed inside our Google form are as follows. How attentive students were in online classes? How were online classes
helped to solve their own problems? i.e.Analysing on the data collection (69 responses received through survey), we have found the following observations. Regarding the first question, we found that 37.7% of the students took it as a medium to have half-half attention. 31.9% of the students
agreed a little more, 12.4% of the student paid attention at all and 4.3% were of the opinion that they could not pay attention at all. E-learning had served the teaching-learning community a lot during COVID-19.
Non-Linear Regression Algorithms for Selected Growth Models
Authors: Lekia Nkpordee , Magnus Ogolo Ibinabo , Aselenyeofori Dappa Jane
Published: July 2023

For the optimization process to start, traditional statistical methods for nonlinear regression models need a starting point (initial parameters or guess values). The parameters must first be predicted using an iterative process after the nonlinear regression model expression has been
written, the parameter names have been expressed, and the initial parameter values have been defined. The Gauss-Newton and Levenberg-Marquardt methods (algorithms) for solving non-linear regression models were used in a computer program for predicting three growth models (Logistic, Gompertz,
and Weibull models). The multiplicative error terms used to decompose the growth models help specify the best algorithm and model for growth studies. Before using an iterative approach, second-order regression techniques were used to solve the problem of the initial parameters. The final estimate
of the parameters, standard errors, p-values, and model adequacy metrics like (R2, Adj. R2, MSE, SSE, AIC, and BIC) that were used to select the best algorithm and growth model are displayed in the result. The Weibull Growth Model with Multiplicative Error Terms was determined
to be the ideal growth model by this study. The Gauss-Newton Algorithm was once again found to be the best algorithm for solving nonlinear regression models in this study. Finally, this study suggest/recommend using the Gauss-Newton algorithm to solve non-linear regression models and the Weibull
Growth Model for additional growth studies.
A Computational Analysis Unsteady Incompressible Newtonian Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Cylindrical Pipe Filled with Porous Media Via the Collocation Approach
Authors: B.I. Obi
Published: July 2023

In this study, the problem of unsteady incompressible flow was analyzed using collocation technique to find the most accurate solution for the velocity and energy distribution of the Newtonian fluid flow. The flow experienced a gradual decrease with a retarded flow and afterwards increases
but not a steady increase. It is revealed that a little increase in the Darcy number leads to an increase in the velocity of the fluid flow, indicating that porosity increase enhances the fluid flow. Results further show that increase in the Hartman parameter decreases the fluid velocity which
is due to the strength the Lorentz force. Temperature decreases with increase in the Prandtl number and the Brinkman parameter.
Erratum to: Rules and Rule-Making in the Five Largest Wikipedias
Authors: Hwang Sohyeon , Shaw Aaron
Published: July 2023

The Original Article was published on 31 May 2023.
EFFECT OF NATURAL FIBERS ON FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE OF HONEYCOMB SANDWICH
Authors: Zulkarnain Muhammad , Mohamad Ahmad Taufiq , Azmi Muhammad Salman Nor , Hamzah Luqman Haqim Amir
Published: July 2023

Honeycomb is successful in demonstrating excellent characteristics such as good modulus with lightweight, acoustic insulation and energy absorption. Furthermore, a honeycomb sandwich with a composite skin produces a higher strength improvement in flexural performance. However, exploring an effective, cost-reducing and environment-friendly was lacking information found that focuses on honeycomb sandwiches. This paper presents the characteristics of natural fiber to predict the flexural rupture during the reinforcement of the aluminum honeycomb. The natural fiber of coconut, oil palm, and sugarcane composite skin coupled with a honeycomb sandwich was investigated. The fiber content varied in the range of 0, 2, 4, and 8 wt% compared to the resin matrix. The composite skin dimension was shaped quadrilaterally with 76 × 221 × 1.5 mm based on the three-point bending standard of ASTM C-393 (ASTM Standard C393). The fiber reinforcement success to increase flexural performance and sudden rupture resistance by making elongation the strain. The fiber content helps in stiffness performance and at the same time avoids material from preliminary failure. The coconut fiber dominated in higher stress reading for every level of filler content, which proposes a 100% increase from the plain skin of the honeycomb sandwich.
Tubular and Glomerular Size by Cortex Depth as Predictor of Progressive CKD after Radical Nephrectomy for Tumor
Authors: Denic Aleksandar , Gaddam Mrunanjali , Moustafa Amr , Mullan Aidan F. , Luehrs Anthony C. , Sharma Vidit , Thompson R. Houston , Smith Maxwell L. , Alexander Mariam P. , Lerman Lilach O. , Barisoni Laura , Rule Andrew D.
Published: July 2023

Significance Statement

Glomerular size differs by cortex depth. Larger nephrons are prognostic of progressive kidney disease, but it is unknown whether this risk differs by cortex depth or by glomeruli versus proximal or distal tubule size. We studied the average minor axis diameter in oval proximal and distal tubules separately and by cortex depth in patients who had radical nephrectomy to remove a tumor from 2019 to 2020. In adjusted analyses, larger glomerular volume in the middle and deep cortex predicted progressive kidney disease. Wider proximal tubular diameter did not predict progressive kidney disease independent of glomerular volume. Wider distal tubular diameter showed a gradient of strength of prediction of progressive kidney disease in the more superficial cortex than in the deep cortex.

Background

Larger nephrons are prognostic of progressive kidney disease, but whether this risk differs by nephron segments or by depth in the cortex is unclear.

Methods

We studied patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for a tumor between 2000 and 2019. Large wedge kidney sections were scanned into digital images. We estimated the diameters of proximal and distal tubules by the minor axis of oval tubular profiles and estimated glomerular volume with the Weibel–Gomez stereological model. Analyses were performed separately in the superficial, middle, and deep cortex. Cox proportional hazard models assessed the risk of progressive CKD (dialysis, kidney transplantation, sustained eGFR <10 ml/min per 1.73 m2, or a sustained 40% decline from the postnephrectomy baseline eGFR) with glomerular volume or tubule diameters. At each cortical depth, models were unadjusted, adjusted for glomerular volume or tubular diameter, and further adjusted for clinical characteristics (age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, postnephrectomy baseline eGFR, and proteinuria).

Results

Among 1367 patients were 62 progressive CKD events during a median follow-up of 4.5 years. Glomerular volume predicted CKD outcomes at all depths, but only in the middle and deep cortex after adjusted analyses. Proximal tubular diameter also predicted progressive CKD at any depth but not after adjusted analyses. Distal tubular diameter showed a gradient of more strongly predicting progressive CKD in the superficial than deep cortex, even in adjusted analysis.

Conclusions

Larger glomeruli are independent predictors of progressive CKD in the deeper cortex, whereas in the superficial cortex, wider distal tubular diameters are an independent predictor of progressive CKD.
Fake news que matam: realidade reproduzida em rede de ódio
Authors: Weber Sebastiany Vanessa , Domingos Ana Cláudia Munari
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo inicialmente focalizamos as características dos conceitos fake news, polarização política, bolhas de filtro e pós-verdade, no âmbito das redes sociais. Esses fenômenos são contextualizados a partir de suas interações e levando em conta as diferentes possibilidades de repercussão no mundo off-line, que são, geralmente, ofensivas e danosas para as vítimas. Para verificar por que as fake news são perigosas foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, ilustrada, em seguida, pela leitura do filme Rede de ódio (Jan Komasa, 2022). A análise aborda esses conceitos para a compreensão desse processo nocivo que está fundamentado na propagação da desinformação nas redes sociais e na relação entre vida on-line e off-line.