bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ride-Sharing and Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Trauma in Southwestern Ontario
Authors: Hilsden Richard , Lund Matthew , Leeper Rob
Published: May 2020

Background Ride sharing represents a new technology that increases the number of transportation options available to city residents. The arrival of ride sharing has been associated with a reduction in alcohol related car crashes in several US jurisdictions, but this association has not been studied in Canada.Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed using the South Western Ontario Regional Trauma Registry (SWORTR) between April 1 2013 and Mar 31, 2019. The proportion of injuries from alcohol related motor vehicle crashes occurring prior to the availability of ride-sharing services was compared to those which occurred while these services were available.Results During the study period 1002 patients injured in motor vehicle crashes were entered in the SWORTR, and 858 patients had an alcohol level recorded. 194 patients were injured when ride sharing was available, and 808 patients were injured when it was not available. For the primary outcome, 23.6% of patients were injured with positive alcohol levels with ride sharing available compared to 19.2% of patients without ride sharing services (p = 0.23). Evaluating the city of London alone, no significant difference was observed between alcohol related crashes and the availability of ride sharing (27.0% vs 17.0%, P = 0.173).Conclusions Alcohol related motor vehicle collisions remain an important public health concern, and ride-sharing services have been proposed to reduce the rates of such events. Our research failed to demonstrate e any reduction in the proportion of injuries resulting from alcohol related motor vehicle crashes in South Western Ontario with the arrival of ride sharing services.
The urgency of utilizing COVID-19 biospecimens for research in the heart of the global pandemic
Authors: Osman Iman , Cotzia Paolo , Moran Una , Donnelly Douglas , Arguelles-Grande Carolina , Mendoza Sandra , Moreira Andre
Published: May 2020

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and consequent social distancing practices have disrupted essential clinical research functions worldwide. Ironically, this coincides with an immediate need for research to comprehend the biology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the pathology of COVID-19. As the global crisis has already led to over 15,000 deaths out of 175,000 confirmed cases in New York City and Nassau County, NY alone, it is increasingly urgent to collect patient biospecimens linked to active clinical follow up. However, building a COVID-19 biorepository amidst the active pandemic is a complex and delicate task. To help facilitate rapid, robust, and regulated research on this novel virus, we report on the successful model implemented by New York University Langone Health (NYULH) within days of outbreak in the most challenging hot spot of infection globally. Using an amended institutional biobanking protocol, these efforts led to accrual of 11,120 patients presenting for SARS-CoV-2 testing, 4,267 (38.4%) of whom tested positive for COVID-19. The recently reported genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 in the New York City Region, which is a crucial development in tracing sources of infection and asymptomatic spread of the novel virus, is the first outcome of this effort. While this growing resource actively supports studies of the New York outbreak in real time, a worldwide effort is necessary to build a collective arsenal of research tools to deal with the global crisis now, and to exploit the virus’s biology for translational innovation that outlasts humanity’s current dilemma.
COVID-19 in the peritoneal fluid: does this evidence oblige to introduce new rules? Presentation of a Case Report
Authors: Rimini Edoardo , Atzori Giulia , Viotti Alessandro
Published: May 2020

Background : The Covid 19 pandemic introduced the need to outline new guidelines for the treatment of the Covid positive patient in surgery. With this report we present what we believe to be important additional information about an area that has not yet been studied, the potential infectivity of peritoneal secretions.Case presentation : A 73-year-old woman accesses our PS where she is found to be positive on the nosepharyngeal swab for Covid 19. The patient presents a picture of intestinal occlusion from imprisoned hernia, which is why she undergoes exploratory laparotomy surgery. During surgery a peritoneal swab is performed which is positive for Covid 19.Conclusion : This case suggests that, in the presence of patients susceptible to surgical therapy with negative Covid swab, performing a peritoneal swab may reveal a false negative. An extensive database that collects the results of pharyngeal and peritoneal swabs of patients undergoing surgery is necessary to delineate the appropriate approach to the patient in the Covid era.
The effects of the clinical symptoms pneumonia-confirmation strategy of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China
Authors: Wang Yanjin , Wang Pei , Zhang Shudao , Pan Hao
Published: May 2020

Motivated by the quick control in Wuhan, China, and the rapid spread in other countries of COVID-19, we investigate the questions that what is the turning point in Wuhan by quantifying the variety of basic reproductive number after the lockdown city. The answer may help the world to control the COVID-19 epidemic. A modified SEIR model is used to study the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan city. Our model is calibrated by the hospitalized cases. The modeling result gives out that the means of basic reproductive numbers are 1.5517 (95% CI 1.1716-4.4283) for the period from Jan 25 to Feb 11, 2020, and 0.4738(95% CI 0.0997-0.8370) for the period from Feb 12 to Mar 10. The transmission rate fell after Feb 12, 2020 as a result of China’s COVID-19 strategy of keeping society distance and the medical support from all China, but principally because of the clinical symptoms to be used for the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) confirmation in Wuhan since Feb 12, 2020. Clinical diagnosis can quicken up NCP-confirmation such that the COVID-19 patients can be isolated without delay. So the clinical symptoms pneumonia-confirmation is the turning point of the COVID-19 battle of Wuhan. The measure of clinical symptoms pneumonia-confirmation in Wuhan has delayed the growth and reduced size of the COVID-19 epidemic, decreased the peak number of the hospitalized cases by 96% in Wuhan. Our modeling also indicates that the earliest start date of COVID-19 in Wuhan may be Nov 2, 2019.﻿
The Role of Maternal Social Networks on the Outcomes of a Home-Based Childhood Obesity Prevention Pilot Intervention
Authors: de la Haye Kayla , Bell Brooke M. , Salvy Sarah-Jeanne
Published: May 2020

Background. Despite evidence that obesity and related behaviors are influenced by social networks and social systems, few childhood obesity initiatives have focused on social network factors as moderators of intervention outcomes, or targets for intervention strategies. Objectives. This pilot study examines associations between maternal social network characteristics hypothesized to influence health behaviors and the target outcomes of a family-centered childhood obesity prevention initiative. The pilot intervention entailed the provision of healthy eating and activity components as part of an existing home visiting program (HVP) delivered to mothers and infants, to test the feasibility of this approach for improving mother diet, physical activity, and weight status, as well as infant diet and weight trajectory. Methods. Mothers and their infants (N=50 dyads) receiving services from our HVP partner were recruited and randomized to receive the HVP core curriculum with or without a nutrition and physical activity enhancement module for six months. Assessments of mothers’ social network characteristics, mother/infant food intake and mother physical activity, and mothers’ postpartum weight retention and children’s growth velocity were conducted at baseline and post-intervention. Results. Several features of mothers’ social networks, including the receipt of health-related social support, were significantly associated with the focal intervention outcomes (p < .05) at follow-up, controlling for study condition. Conclusions. Integrating childhood obesity prevention into HVPs appears promising. Future family-based interventions to prevent childhood obesity may be enhanced by including social network intervention strategies. For example, by addressing family network characteristics that impede healthy behavior change, or enhancing networks by fostering social support for healthy behavior and weight change.
A Multigraph Approach to Social Network Analysis
Authors: Shafie Termeh
Published: May 2020

Multigraphs are graphs where multiple edges and edge loops are permitted. The main purpose of this article is to show the versatility of a multigraph approach when analysing social networks. Multigraph data structures are described and it is exemplified how they naturally occur in many contexts but also how they can be constructed by different kinds of aggregation in graphs. Special attention is given to a random multigraph model based on independent edge assignments to sites of vertex pairs and some useful measures of the local and global structure under this model are presented. Further, it is shown how some general measures of simplicity and complexity of multigraphs are easily handled under the presented model.
Odnos glazbenih preferencija srednjoškolaca, glazbenog obrazovanja i sociodemografskih varijabli
Authors: Škojo Tihana
Published: May 2020

Brojni čimbenici koji utječu na oblikovanje glazbenih preferencija srednjoškolaca upućuju na zahtjevnu ulogu glazbenih pedagoga. Njihov je zadatak da kompetentnim i kreativnim glazbenim poučavanjem navedu učenike da s emocionalno konotacijskog pristupa započnu primjenjivati sintaktičku strategiju slušanja, s razvijenim analitičkim muzikološkim procesima, te postupno razviju glazbeni ukus s kvalitetnim estetskim sustavom vrijednosti. Istražujući odnos sociodemografskih varijabli i glazbenih preferencija učenika prvih i četvrtih razreda gimnazije i strukovne srednje škole potvrđene su razlike u poznavanju i preferencijama utvrđenih glazbenih stilova s obzirom na spol, vrstu škole, dob i školski uspjeh. Kroz dobivene rezultate istraživanja aktualizirana je potreba za uvrštavanjem glazbene poduke u strukovnim školama, obrazovnim institucijama u kojima takvi sadržaji nisu zastupljeni, ali i potreba za programskim proširenjima kako bi mladi u svojoj formativnoj fazi uz izgradnju pozitivnog odnosa prema umjetničkoj glazbi razvijali i otvorenost te toleranciju prema različitim kulturama i supkulturnim fenomenima.
Stavovi odgojitelja predškolske djece prema glazbenim aktivnostima u vrtiću i samoprocjena kompetentnosti za njihovu realizaciju
Authors: Dobrota Snježana
Published: May 2020

Glazbenim aktivnostima u vrtiću pripada značajna uloga, s obzirom da bavljenje takvim aktivnostima pridonosi razvoju glazbenih sposobnosti, ali i intelektualnom, socijalnom, emocionalnom i tjelesnom razvoju djeteta. U radu su istraženi stavovi odgojitelja predškolske djece prema glazbenim aktivnostima u vrtiću te samoprocjena kompetentnosti za njihovu realizaciju. Rezultati potvrđuju da slušanje glazbe predstavlja značajnu aktivnost slobodnog vremena odgojitelja predškolske djece. Potvrđeno je da odgojitelji kojima se sviđa klasična glazba imaju pozitivnije stavove prema glazbenim aktivnostima u vrtiću. Nije uočena povezanost odlazaka na koncerte klasične glazbe, pohađanja dodatne glazbene poduke, pjevanja u zboru ili klapi te godina radnoga staža sa stavovima prema glazbenim aktivnostima. Rezultati istraživanja ne potvrđuju ni povezanost godina radnoga staža sa samoprocjenom kompetencije za realizaciju glazbenih aktivnosti. I, konačno, većina odgojitelja zadovoljna je opremljenošću vrtića instrumentima za djecu te računalima i projektorima, ali ne i instrumentima za odgojitelje.
Badem Kabuğu İle Sulu Çözeltilerden Bentazon ve Metalaxyl Giderimi
Authors: DİLER Barış , KILIÇ APAR Dilek
Published: May 2020

Bentazon ve Metalaxyl pestisitlerinin sulu çözeltilerden giderimi için tarımsal atık olan badem kabuğunun adsorbent olarak kullanılabilirliği incelenmiştir. Box-Behnken deneysel tasarım yöntemi uygulanarak, her bir pestisit için, pH, adsorbent konsantrasyonu, pestisit konsantrasyonu ve adsorpsiyon süresi parametrelerinin adsorpsiyon üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiş ve adsorpsiyon proseslerinin optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Belirlenen optimum proses koşullarında % 70.3 Bentazon ve % 33.3 Metalaxyl giderimi sağlanmıştır. Ayrıca her bir adsorpsiyon prosesi için proses parametrelerinin ve bu parametrelerin birbirleriyle etkileşimlerinin adsorpsiyon üzerindeki etkilerini gösteren model denklemler elde edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen kinetik ve denge çalışmaları sonucunda, badem kabukları ile Bentazon ve Metalaxyl adsorpsiyonunun yalancı 2. mertebe kinetik ve Freundlich izoterm modelleri ile ifade edilebileceği belirlenmiştir.
Iğdır İli Partiküler Kirlilik Düzeyi ve Partiküler Kirliliğin Diğer Kirleticiler ile İlişkileri
Authors: ALTIKAT Aysun
Published: May 2020

Bu araştırmada Iğdır ilinde hava kirleticiler ile atmosferdeki PM10 konsantrasyonu arasındaki korelasyonlar mevsimsel bazda incelenerek etki düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Veri seti olarak Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı Ulusal Hava Kalitesi İzleme Ağı’ndan 2016-2017, 2017-2018 ve 2018-2019 yıllarına ait; SO2, NOx, NO, O3, NO2 ve PM10 konsantrasyonlarından yararlanılmıştır. Belirtilen tarihler arasında günlük ölçümler dikkate alınarak yapılan araştırmada toplamda 6630 adet veri seti kullanılmıştır. Kirleticilerin PM10 üzerindeki etki düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla veriler Spearman’s korelasyon testlerine tabi tutulmuş ve mevsimsel bazda kirleticiler ile PM10 arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre tüm yıllarda en yüksek PM10 konsantrasyonu sonbahar ve kış periyotlarında elde edilmiştir. Buna ilaveten, ildeki diğer kirleticilerle kıyaslandığında partiküler kirlilik ile NOx, NO ve NO2 kirleticileri arasında daha yüksek oranda doğrusal bir bağıntı olduğu gözlenmiştir. Tüm mevsimlerde atmosferdeki O3 ile PM10 konsantrasyonu arasında ters orantılı bir değişim belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, kirleticiler arasında PM10 ve NOx konsantrasyonlarının tüm yıllar ve mevsimlerde üst limit değerinin üzerinde olduğu belirlenirken O3 konsantrasyonu ise sadece 2017-2018 ve 2018-2019 yıllarının kış periyodunda üst sınır değerinin üzerinde seyretmiştir.
Karadeniz Bölgesinde Yıllık Yağış ve Sıcaklık Verilerinin Yenilikçi Şen ve Mann-Kendall Yöntemleri ile Trend Analizi
Authors: TOKGÖZ Samet , PARTAL Turgay
Published: May 2020

Yağış ve sıcaklık verileri üzerine yapılan analizler iklim değişikliği çalışmaları için önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Karadeniz Bölgesinin yağış ve sıcaklık verileri üzerine trend analizi uygulanmıştır. Bu amaçla Mann-Kendall testi ve Yenilikçi Şen yöntemi 1960-2015 veri aralığına sahip olan 16 istasyonun verileri üzerine uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, Yenilikçi Şen yöntemine göre sıcaklık verileri için 16 istasyonun tamamında artan trend göstermiştir. Halbuki Mann-Kendall testine göre 7 istasyonda artan trend belirlenmiştir. Benzer sonuçlar yağış verileri üzerine trend analizinde de elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar bize göstermektedir ki Yenilikçi Şen yöntemi yağış ve sıcaklık verileri üzerinde daha çok istatistiksel önemli trend gösterir. Ayrıca, Karadeniz Bölgesinde yıllık yağış ve sıcaklıklar genel olarak artış trendi gösterirler.
Evaluation of the Quality Characteristics of Siirt Herby Cheese: A Traditional Turkish Variety
Authors: KOYUNCU Mubin , TUNÇTÜRK Yusuf
Published: May 2020

Herby cheese produced in the Province of Siirt is one of the Turkish cheese varieties. The special parameters applied during the production stages give Siirt Herby cheese unique taste properties. The proteolytic, lipolytic, and electrophoretic parameters of Siirt Herby cheese samples were evaluated. The mean values of water-soluble nitrogen, trichloroacetic acid-soluble nitrogen, and phosphotungstic acid-soluble nitrogen of Siirt Herby cheese samples were 9.49±2.66%, 6.33±2.39%, and 1.48±0.71%, respectively. The mean values of free amino group and lipolysis levels were established as 61.97±30.84 mM glycine, and 6.00±2.32 ADV, respectively. The electrophoretic analysis showed that sheep milk was more preferable for Siirt Herby cheese production.
Dolichomitus kriechbaumeri (Schulz) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)’nin Sphenoptera (Tropeopeltis) tappesi Marseul, (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Üzerindeki Popülasyon Gelişimi
Authors: BOLU Halil , MARAL Hasan
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışma, Diyarbakır ilinde 2007–2008 yıllarında; kayısı, şeftali, erik ve kiraz türlerinden kurulmuş deneme bahçesinde, Sphenoptera (Tropeopeltis) tappesi Marseul (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)’un larva parazitoidi Dolichomitus kriechbaumeri (Schulz) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)’nin populasyon yoğunluğunun belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Meyve ağaçlarının S. tappesi’nin larvaları ile bulaşık bitki kısımları Ekim-Kasım aylarında kök kısımları dâhil olmak üzere sökülerek laboratuvara getirilerek ayrı ayrı kültüre alınmış ve hem zararlı hem de parazitoidin ergin çıkışı beklenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda parazitoid yoğunluğu şeftali, erik, kiraz ve kayısı çeşitlerinde sırasıyla 274, 102, 26 ve 25 adet olarak tespit edilmiştir. En fazla parazitoid sayısı 86 bireyle Cherokee (Şeftali) çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. Bitki aksamlarındaki yoğunluk incelendiğinde en yüksek yoğunluk 134 bireyle şeftalinin gövdesinde görülmüştür. Parazitoid:zararlı oranı kiraz, şeftali, erik ve kayısıda sırasıyla 3.71, 1.67, 0.40 ve 0.29 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak D. kriechbaumeri’nin GAP illeri meyve alanlarında mücadelesi oldukça zor olan S. tappesi’nin kontrolünde önemli bir doğal düşman olduğu, bu nedenle yayılışının dikkatle izlenmesi ve korunması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
An Application of Cloud Computing Based Industrial Internet of Things for Generator System
Authors: DEMİRCAN Batın , AKYÜZ Ersin
Published: May 2020

With the transformation of Industry 4.0, the current understanding of production in the industry is being reshaped together with information technologies. Internet of things and cloud computing are the most important components of this transformation. In this study, the generator system producing electricity as a simulation of an industrial system was used as the main system. 3-phase driven by an internal combustion engine, AC alternator voltage, current, frequency, alternator temperature and so on, and for the internal combustion engine that provides mechanical drive, oil / water pressure, oil / water temperature, fuel level, etc. The electrical and physical quantities are measured by means of PLC and sensors. It is provided to monitor this measurement data of the generator system both locally via HMI screen and computer screen and as a remote point in Web-based format. RS485 standard has been used together with MQTT protocol which is becoming more and more widespread nowadays and Modbus protocol which is used frequently in industrial systems in both physical and electrical measurements for user viewing and transfer to cloud information system. The measurement data were recorded in the Azure cloud computing system for the performance evaluation of the diesel fuel generator. Firstly, user interface was developed in Node-Red software running on Raspberry Pi. And as a second method, the same application structure is provided with a user interface created on Labview software running on Windows based operating system. In addition, real-time measurement analysis is provided by monitoring data remotely via the PowerBI internet platform.
New Locality Record of Platyceps najadum (Eichwald, 1831) With Ecological Niche Modeling in Turkey
Authors: BOZKURT Emin
Published: May 2020

In this study, one death Platyceps najadum was found on road in Aşağıyanlar Village/Çankırı in Northern Turkey. The distribution range of the species has been extended 88 km from known localities. The specimen was evaluated in terms of morphology and colour-pattern characteristics. The climatic preference of P. najadum was analyzed. The average AUC value was 0.771 and the most effected bioclimatic variable of P. najadum distribution range is precipitation of wettest month (bio13) (47.5%). Under the distribution model, coast of Aegea, Northern Black Sea and Mediterranean is seen more suitable places for the species.
Personality Parameters as Predictors of the Burnout Syndrome Development in School Teachers
Authors: Krecan Zoya , Morozov Evgeny , Semke Lolita
Published: May 2020

The article features the professional burnout syndrome in teachers. Teaching is one of the most stressful social activities. The authors pointed out personal traits that may determine the development of the professional burnout syndrome in school teachers. They identified, justified, and experimentally verified the relationship between burnout and personality parameters. Together with age, work experience, marital and parental status, these personal traits can serve as burnout predictors. The article gives a general description of the emotional burnout phenomenon in teachers, which includes negative psychological experiences caused by the regular high emotional content or cognitive complexity. The paper also introduces factors of development of emotional burnout. The authors identified the burnout predictors based on the results of an empirical study. They determined strong empathy and internality as provoking factors that triggered emotional stress. As a rule, the stress was associated with teacher's attitude to his or her role in interpersonal relationships. The authors proposed some methods for the prevention of burnout syndrome in teachers.
Ways to Improve the Professional Skills of Academics
Authors: Nevzorov Boris , Nevzorov Timur , Semchenko Aleksandr , Fomin Andrey
Published: May 2020

The sphere of education is in urgent need of a professional academic, able to prepare students for their future profession while mastering new teaching technologies, pedagogical methods, and managerial tools. The present article focuses on the systemic changes needed in higher education. The methodological and theoretical framework of the present research included the concepts of the modern science on the dialectical nature of active cognitive activity as a basis for contextual training. The study was also based on the theoretical foundations of pedagogical education at university. Other fundamental principles included pedagogy and psychology of developing the pedagogical culture of future academics and their personality. The methods involved an analysis of documents and scientific publications on the reform of higher education and empirical experience connected with professional skills of academics. The authors believe that highly specialized professional skills are still valued on the labor market, yet they are gradually being displaced with quasi-professional skills that grant future employees a high level of adaptability, inter-sectoral mobility, and freedom of choice. A modern university has to provide its students with these skills, as well as with the ability of independent learning. As a result, a professional academic has to be able to teach students how to act in a changing environment. The required skills can be mastered by acquiring the culture of independent work based on the assimilation of social experience during practical activities. Students can obtain problem solving skills only via their own social experience. Thus, university education should provide students with experience of solving cognitive, ideological, moral, organizational, and communicative problems. Academics improve their professional skills by building up intellectual experience and professional pedagogical competence. The competence is based on knowledge, skills, life, and professional experience, strict pedagogical culture, and values.
Sistema de producción del Cerdo Pelón Mexicano en la Península de Yucatán
Authors: Ángel Hernández Arturo , García Munguía Carlos Alberto , García Munguía Alberto Margarito , Ortíz Ortíz Jorge Ricardo , Sierra Vásquez Ángel Carmelo , Morales Flores Socorro
Published: May 2020

El Cerdo Pelón Mexicano (Sus scrofa) es un recurso zoogenético importante en la Península de Yucatán, ya que es un genotipo adaptado a las condiciones ambientales, presenta resistencia a enfermedades y parásitos locales, y tiene la capacidad de aprovechar alimentos de muy bajo aporte nutricional, además cuenta con un sabor muy peculiar que ha sido valorado por las comunidades mayas y mestizas de esta región, por esta razón está inmerso en muchos de sus platillos tradicionales, este recurso se está perdiendo por la introducción de nuevas razas y por las cruzas que se han realizado, por lo tanto para su uso y conservación es necesario describir las características del ambiente de producción. Para este estudio se encuestaron 23 productores, siguiendo la técnica de entrevistas estructuradas con 83 variables, se aplicó estadística descriptiva y se realizaron pruebas no paramétricas para la comparación entre los sistemas de producción. La mayoría de los productores son hombres con un promedio de edad de 47 años, el 96% son profesionistas, con una experiencia mayor a dos años en esta actividad e iniciaron la producción por el interés de conservar este biotipo, el 56.5% manifestó que el principal problema para iniciar con la explotación fue la adquisición del pie de cría y escases de animales de raza pura. Se identificaron tres sistemas de producción: 1) Traspatio (26 %, la actividad se desarrolla en las áreas libres de la vivienda, donde los cerdos están dispersos o en zahúrdas hechas con materiales reciclados  con un total de 9.25±3.4 cerdos); 2) Intensivo (30.4 %, los animales permanecen cautivos en zahúrdas de malla metálica y/o jaulas elevadas con un total de 98.87±95.5 cerdos): y 3) Extensivo (43.4 %, se hace uso de suelos no aptos para la agricultura y el pastoreo constituye la base del sistema con un total de 56.27±4 cerdos). En general los productores manifestaron tener problemas para comercializar sus productos, ya que las ventas no son constantes, además de no tener compradores permanentes, la asistencia técnica es muy escasa, son pocos los especialistas trabajando directamente con los productores, se han conformado asociaciones de productores de este biotipo, pero lamentablemente tienen poca comunicación causando un trabajo muy individualizado que no permite estandarizar el manejo de los diferentes rubros técnicos, productivos y de mercado. En los tres sistemas se hace uso generalizado de plantas forrajeras para la alimentación, su sistema de reproducción es libre y el manejo sanitario es muy básico. Esta raza está evolucionando de los sistemas tradicionales de traspatio a sistemas intensivos y extensivos de carácter empresarial, donde se aprovecha la rusticidad y adaptabilidad, dejando atrás el concepto de recurso zoogenético en riesgo y asegurando su presencia en el futuro inmediato como una importante opción de negocio.
Análisis bibliométrico de los factores críticos de éxito para la gestión estratégica de las PyMES
Authors: Rodríguez Aldana Marcia Lorena , Fong Reynoso Carlos
Published: May 2020

Introducción: El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar a través de un análisis bibliométrico los factores críticos de éxito (FCE) de las PyMES, su evolución, tendencias, así como identificar si como resultado de los cambios del entorno han surgido nuevos FCE, cuyo estudio está a la frontera. Por ello, se efectúa una revisión de los artículos más citados en Scopus de 2008 a 2017 y de 2008 a 2018 (marzo), para determinar qué factores están vigentes en la gestión estratégica de las PyMES.Método: Se realiza un análisis bibliométrico para los periodos 2008 a 2017 y 2008 a 2018 (marzo), mediante el cual se identifican los artículos con mayor número de citaciones de los FCE de PyMES de la base de datos de Scopus. Para garantizar la vigencia de las citaciones, se revisó que los artículos tuvieran al menos una citación en 2017. Se identificaron 108 artículos que incluyeran en el resumen o palabras clave los términos “PyMES” y “FCE”. Se eliminaron los duplicados que se generaron al utilizar combinaciones similares en los criterios de búsqueda. De esta forma, se logró identificar a aquellos artículos cuyas citaciones de 2008 a 2017 representan más del 70 % de la muestra total. Adicionalmente, con el uso de analytics, se estudiaron los 108 artículos para observar su evolución y tendencias, además de determinar la existencia de un FCE a frontera.Resultados: Se encontró que los FCE para las PyMES más citados son calidad, gestión del conocimiento y software. Se identifica al fomento gubernamental como un factor a frontera. Se encontró que 16 artículos representan el 71 % de las citaciones sobre factores críticos de éxito mencionados para las PyMES. Los factores señalados permanecen en el mismo orden de importancia tanto para 2008 a 2017, como para 2008 a marzo de 2018.Discusión o Conclusión: A partir de este estudio se identificó que los FCE más estudiados son la calidad (principalmente con la metodología Six Sigma), la gestión del conocimiento y el software (predominando el Enterprise Resource Planning). Asimismo al determinar como factor a frontera el fomento gubernamental, se sugiere estudiarlo con mayor profundidad.
Expedition of Eudragit® Polymers in the Development of Novel Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Jain Sunil Kumar , Jain Akhlesh K. , Rajpoot Kuldeep
Published: May 2020

Eudragit® polymer has been widely used in film-coating for enhancing the quality of products
over other materials (e.g., shellac or sugar). Eudragit® polymers are obtained synthetically from the esters
of acrylic and methacrylic acid. For the last few years, they have shown immense potential in the
formulations of conventional, pH-triggered, and novel drug delivery systems for incorporating a vast
range of therapeutics including proteins, vitamins, hormones, vaccines, and genes. Different grades of
Eudragit® have been used for designing and delivery of therapeutics at a specific site via the oral route,
for instance, in stomach-specific delivery, intestinal delivery, colon-specific delivery, mucosal delivery.
Further, these polymers have also shown their great aptitude in topical and ophthalmic delivery. Moreover,
available literature evidences the promises of distinct Eudragit® polymers for efficient targeting of
incorporated drugs to the site of interest. This review summarizes some potential researches that are
being conducted by eminent scientists utilizing the distinct grades of Eudragit® polymers for efficient
delivery of therapeutics at various sites of interest.
Development of Gemcitabine Loaded PLGA/Lecithin Nanoparticles for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors: Esim Ozgur , Ozkan Cansel K. , Sarper Meral , Savaser Ayhan , Ozkan Yalcin
Published: May 2020

Background:

Compared to polymeric nanoparticles prepared using non-lipid surfactants,
lecithin addition forms larger nanoparticles and exhibits higher drug loading and the stability of
nanoparticles can be conferred by adding Vitamin E Polyethylene Glycol Succinate (TPGS) into the
formulation.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to prepare Gemcitabine (Gem) loaded lecithin/PLGA nanoparticles.
Moreover, the effect of TPGS and sodium cholate (SK) on the preparation of lecithin/PLGA nanoparticles
was compared.

Methods:

It was found that while PC addition into PLGATPGS nanoparticles formed larger particles
(251.3± 6.0 nm for Gem-PLGATPGS NPs and 516,9 ± 3.9 nm for Gem-PLGA-PCTPGS NPs), the particle
size of PLGASK nanoparticles was not affected by lecithin addition (p>0.05).

Results:

In cytotoxicity studies, it was found that the SK-MES-1 cell inhibition rates of Gem-PLGATPGS
NPs, Gem-PLGA-PCTPGS NPs, Gem-PLGASK NPs, Gem-PLGA-PCSK NPs were similar with free Gem
(p>0.05). In cytotoxicity studies, it was found that the encapsulation into nanoparticles did not change
the cytotoxicity of the drug. However, higher cellular uptake has been observed when the lecithin was
used in the preparation of PLGA nanoparticles.

Conclusion:

Compared with free Gem, the Gem-loaded nanoparticles enhanced the uptake of the drug
by SK-MES-1 cells which can increase the effect of gemcitabine for non-small cell lung cancer therapy.
Effects of Galbanic Acid on Proliferation, Migration, and Apoptosis of Glioblastoma Cells Through the PI3K/Akt/MTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shahcheraghi Seyed H. , Lotfi Marzieh , Soukhtanloo Mohammad , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Jaliani Hossein Z. , Sadeghnia Hamid R. , Ghorbani Ahmad
Published: May 2020

Background:

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive tumors of central nervous system. Galbanic acid, a natural sesquiterpene
coumarin, has shown favorable effects on cancerous cells in previous studies.

Objective:

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effects of galbanic acid on proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of the human
malignant glioblastoma (U87) cells.

Methods:

Anti-proliferative activity of the compound was determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle alterations and apoptosis were analyzed via
flow cytometry. Action on cell migration was evaluated by scratch assay and gelatin zymography. Quantitative Real-Time PCR was used to
determine the expression of genes involved in cell migration (matrix metalloproteinases, MMPs) and survival (the pathways of PI3K/Akt/mTOR
and WNT/β-catenin). Alteration in the level of protein Akt was determined by Western blotting.

Results:

Galbanic acid significantly decreased cell proliferation, inhibited cell cycle, and stimulated apoptosis of the glioblastoma cells. Also,
it could decrease migration capability of glioblastoma cells, which was accompanied by an inhibition in the activity and expression of MMP2
and MMP9. While galbanic acid reduced the gene expression of Akt, mTOR, and PI3K and increased the PTEN expression, it had no significant
effect on WNT, β-catenin, and APC genes. Also, the protein level of p-Akt decreased after treatment with galbanic acid. The effects of galbanic
acid were observed at concentrations lower than those of temozolomide.

Conclusion:

Galbanic acid decreased proliferation, cell cycle progression, and survival of glioblastoma cells through inhibiting
PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. This compound also reduced migration capability of the cells by suppressing the activity and expression of MMPs.
language of American political discourse: Aristotle's rhetorical appeals as manifested in Bush's and Obama's speeches on the war on terror
Authors: Raissouni Iman
Published: May 2020

This article employs critical discourse analysis to analyze the representation of the “war on terror” in the political speeches of Presidents George Bush and Barack Obama in the decade following 9/11; it examines Aristotle's approach into the study of the language of persuasion through his three main rhetorical appeals: ethos, pathos, and logos, identifying several strands of the war on terror discourse and analyzing the way they influence the persuasiveness of the speeches and therefore the ability to generate public debate. The findings show substantial similarities in representation patterns among the two presidents' discourses and end up to the conclusion that the language of the war on terror is not simply a neutral or objective reflection of policy debates of terrorism and counterterrorism; rather, it is a carefully and deliberately constructed public discourse designed to make the war on terror look reasonable and morally justified.
An Integrative Review of Interventions for Abused Children
Authors: Oh Hye-Kyung , Lee Su Jin , Park Sae Eun
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the current state of interventions for abused children and their effectiveness by using a systemic review.Methods: Published intervention studies were identified through MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, DBpia, RISS, and Kiss DB. Eligible studies included articles published between 2009 and 2019 in English and Korean.Results: A total of 28 studies were selected for this review. The intervention elements of 28 selected studies were categorized into 4 themes. The extracted intervention elements were divided into the themes of patient & situation-specific intervention, strengthen parent-child coping capacity and interaction, applying group intervention and integrated intervention, Linkage with community resource and multidisciplinary approach.Conclusions: The results demonstrate that social and psychological health of abused children has positively changed through these interventions. Therefore, it is important to implement treatment through active intervention aimed at helping the affected children.
Natural History of the Bird-voiced Treefrog (Hyla avivoca) and Green Treefrog (Hyla cinerea) in Southern Illinois
Authors: Redmer Michael , Brown Lauren E. , Brandon Ronald A.
Published: May 2020

The bird-voiced tree frog,Hyla avivoca Viosca 1928 and green tree frog, Hyla cinerea(Schneider 1799) are distributed primarily on the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains of the southeastern United States(Conant and Collins 1998).The ranges of both species reach their northern limits in the Midwest in southern Illinois where Smith (1961) recorded them from Alexander, Jackson, and Union counties. Because the few documented localities of these tree frogs in Illinois were, until recently, mainly in or near remnant Austroriparian swamplands(which are disappearing rapidly), concern has been expressed that their continued existence in the state is in jeopardy (Ackerman 1975; Ashton et al. 1976; Dyrkacz 1974). Since Smith's(1961)comprehensive study The Amphibians and Reptiles of Illinois, few additional records for these species have been reported. Carton and Brandon(1975)studied reproductive ecology andh abitat of H. cinerea at a southern Illinois swamp, but there has been no previous in depth environmental examination of H.avivoca in Illinois. The objective of this publication is to report the results of our study of the natural history of these two poorly known tree frogs in southern Illinois.
Evaluating the Relationship Between Fitbit Sleep Data and Self-Reported Mood, Sleep, and Environmental Contextual Factors in Healthy Adults: Pilot Observational Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Thota Darshan
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Mental health disorders can disrupt a person’s sleep, resulting in lower quality of life. Early identification and referral to mental health services are critical for active duty service members returning from forward-deployed missions. Although technologies like wearable computing devices have the potential to help address this problem, research on the role of technologies like Fitbit in mental health services is in its infancy.

OBJECTIVE

If Fitbit proves to be an appropriate clinical tool in a military setting, it could provide potential cost savings, improve clinician access to patient data, and create real-time treatment options for the greater active duty service member population. The purpose of this study was to determine if the Fitbit device can be used to identify indicators of mental health disorders by measuring the relationship between Fitbit sleep data, self-reported mood, and environmental contextual factors that may disrupt sleep.

METHODS

This observational cohort study was conducted at the Madigan Army Medical Center. The study included 17 healthy adults who wore a Fitbit Flex for 2 weeks and completed a daily self-reported mood and sleep log. Daily Fitbit data were obtained for each participant. Contextual factors were collected with interim and postintervention surveys. This study had 3 specific aims: (1) Determine the correlation between daily Fitbit sleep data and daily self-reported sleep, (2) Determine the correlation between number of waking events and self-reported mood, and (3) Explore the qualitative relationships between Fitbit waking events and self-reported contextual factors for sleep.

RESULTS

There was no significant difference in the scores for the pre-intevention Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI; mean 5.88 points, SD 3.71 points) and postintervention PSQI (mean 5.33 points, SD 2.83 points). The Wilcoxon signed-ranks test showed that the difference between the pre-intervention PSQI and postintervention PSQI survey data was not statistically significant (Z=0.751, P=.05). The Spearman correlation between Fitbit sleep time and self-reported sleep time was moderate (r=0.643, P=.005). The Spearman correlation between number of waking events and self-reported mood was weak (r=0.354, P=.163). Top contextual factors disrupting sleep were “pain,” “noises,” and “worries.” A subanalysis of participants reporting “worries” found evidence of potential stress resilience and outliers in waking events.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings contribute valuable evidence on the strength of the Fitbit Flex device as a proxy that is consistent with self-reported sleep data. Mood data alone do not predict number of waking events. Mood and Fitbit data combined with further screening tools may be able to identify markers of underlying mental health disease.
Quality of Psychoeducational Apps for Military Members With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: An Evaluation Utilizing the Mobile Application Rating Scale (Preprint)
Authors: Jones Chelsea , O'Toole Kaitlin , Jones Kevin , Brémault-Phillips Suzette
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Military personnel have an elevated risk of sustaining mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) and postconcussion symptoms (PCS). Smartphone apps that provide psychoeducation may assist those with mTBI or PCS to overcome unique barriers that military personnel experience with stigma and access to health care resources.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to (1) use the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) to evaluate smartphone apps purporting to provide psychoeducation for those who have sustained an mTBI or a PCS; (2) explore the relevance, utility, and effectiveness of these apps in facilitating symptom management and overall recovery from mTBI and PCS among military personnel; and (3) discuss considerations pertinent to health care professionals and patients with mTBI when considering the use of mobile health (mHealth), including apps for mTBI psychoeducation.

METHODS

A five-step systematic search for smartphone apps for military members with mTBI or PCS was conducted on January 31, 2020. Cost-free apps meeting the inclusion criteria were evaluated using the MARS and compared with evidence-based best practice management protocols for mTBI and PCS.

RESULTS

The search yielded a total of 347 smartphone apps. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 apps were subjected to evaluation. Two apps were endorsed by the US Department of Veterans Affairs and the US Department of Defense; all the others (n=11) were developed for civilians. When compared with evidence-based best practice resources, the apps provided various levels of psychoeducational content. There are multiple considerations that health care professionals and those who sustain an mTBI or a PCS have to consider when choosing to use mHealth and selecting a specific app for mTBI psychoeducation. These may include factors such as the app platform, developer, internet requirement, cost, frequency of updates, language, additional features, acknowledgment of mental health, accessibility, military specificity, and privacy and security of data.

CONCLUSIONS

Psychoeducational interventions have a good evidence base as a treatment for mTBI and PCS. The use of apps for this purpose may be clinically effective, cost-effective, confidential, user friendly, and accessible. However, more research is needed to explore the effectiveness, usability, safety, security, and accessibility of apps designed for mTBI management.
Digital or Digitally Delivered Responses to Domestic and Intimate Partner Violence During COVID-19 (Preprint)
Authors: Emezue Chuka
Published: May 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Before the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), 1 in 3 women and girls, globally, were victimized by an abusive partner in intimate relationships. However, the current pandemic has amplified cases of domestic violence (DV) against women and girls, with up to thrice the prevalence in DV cases compared to the same time last year. Evidence of the adverse effects of the pandemic on DV is still emerging, even as violence prevention strategies are iteratively being refined by service providers, advocacy agencies, and survivors to meet stay-at-home mandates. Emotional and material support for survivors is a critical resource increasingly delivered using digital and technology-based modalities, which offer several advantages and challenges. This paper rapidly describes current DV mitigation approaches using digital solutions, signaling emerging best practices to support survivors, their children, and abusers during stay-at-home advisories. Some examples of technology-based strategies and solutions are presented. An immediate priority is mapping out current digital solutions in response to COVID-19–related DV and outlining issues with uptake, coverage, and meaningful use of digital solutions.
Factors Affecting Engagement in Web-Based Health Care Patient Information: Narrative Review of the Literature (Preprint)
Authors: Oktay Liam Alperen , Abuelgasim Eyad , Abdelwahed Aida , Houbby Nour , Lampridou Smaragda , Normahani Pasha , Peters Nicholas , Jaffer Usman
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Web-based content is rapidly becoming the primary source of health care information. There is a pressing need for web-based health care content to not only be accurate but also be engaging. Improved engagement of people with web-based health care content has the potential to inform as well as influence behavioral change to enable people to make better health care choices. The factors associated with better engagement with web-based health care content have previously not been considered.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study are to identify the factors that affect engagement with web-based health care content and develop a framework to be considered when creating such content.

METHODS

A comprehensive search of the PubMed and MEDLINE database was performed from January 1, 1946, to January 5, 2020. The reference lists of all included studies were also searched. The Medical Subject Headings database was used to derive the following keywords: “patient information,” “online,” “internet,” “web,” and “content.” All studies in English pertaining to the factors affecting engagement in web-based health care patient information were included. No restrictions were set on the study type. Analysis of the themes arising from the results was performed using inductive content analysis.

RESULTS

The search yielded 814 articles, of which 56 (6.9%) met our inclusion criteria. The studies ranged from observational and noncontrolled studies to quasi-experimental studies. Overall, there was significant heterogeneity in the types of interventions and outcome assessments, which made quantitative assessment difficult. Consensus among all authors of this study resulted in six categories that formed the basis of a framework to assess the factors affecting engagement in web-based health care content: easy to understand, support, adaptability, accessibility, visuals and content, and credibility and completeness.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a paucity of high-quality data relating to the factors that improve the quality of engagement with web-based health care content. Our framework summarizes the reported studies, which may be useful to health care content creators. An evaluation of the utility of web-based content to engage users is of significant importance and may be accessible through tools such as the Net Promoter score. Web 3.0 technology and development of the field of psychographics for health care offer further potential for development. Future work may also involve improvement of the framework through a co-design process.

CLINICALTRIAL