bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pollen-based biome reconstruction over the last 3.562 million years in the Far East Russian Arctic – new insights into climate–vegetation relationships at the regional scale
Authors: Tarasov P. E. , Andreev A. A. , Anderson P. M. , Lozhkin A. V. , Leipe C. , Haltia E. , Nowaczyk N. R. , Wennrich V. , Brigham-Grette J. , Melles M.
Published: December 2013

Abstract. The recent and fossil pollen data obtained under the frame of the multi-disciplinary international El'gygytgyn Drilling Project represent a unique archive, which allows the testing of a range of pollen-based reconstruction approaches and the deciphering of changes in the regional vegetation and climate. In the current study we provide details of the biome reconstruction method applied to the late Pliocene and Quaternary pollen records from Lake El'gygytgyn. All terrestrial pollen taxa identified in the spectra from Lake El'gygytgyn were assigned to major vegetation types (biomes), which today occur near the lake and in the broader region of eastern and northern Asia and, thus, could be potentially present in this region during the past. When applied to the pollen spectra from the middle Pleistocene to present, the method suggests (1) a predominance of tundra during the Holocene, (2) a short interval during the marine isotope stage (MIS) 5.5 interglacial distinguished by cold deciduous forest, and (3) long phases of taiga dominance during MIS 31 and, particularly, MIS 11.3. These two latter interglacials seem to be some of the longest and warmest intervals in the study region within the past million years. During the late Pliocene–early Pleistocene interval (i.e., ~3.562–2.200 Ma), there is good correspondence between the millennial-scale vegetation changes documented in the Lake El'gygytgyn record and the alternation of cold and warm marine isotope stages, which reflect changes in the global ice volume and sea level. The biome reconstruction demonstrates changes in the regional vegetation from generally warmer/wetter environments of the earlier (i.e., Pliocene) interval towards colder/drier environments of the Pleistocene. The reconstruction indicates that the taxon-rich cool mixed and cool conifer forest biomes are mostly characteristic of the time prior to MIS G16, whereas the tundra biome becomes a prominent feature starting from MIS G6. These results consistently indicate that the study region supported significant tree populations during most of the interval prior to ~2.730 Ma. The cold- and drought-tolerant steppe biome first appears in the reconstruction ~3.298 Ma during the tundra-dominated MIS M2, whereas the tundra biome initially occurs between ~3.379 and ~3.378 Ma within MIS MG4. Prior to ~2.800 Ma, several other cold stages during this generally warm Pliocene interval were characterized by the tundra biome.
A variational data assimilation system for soil–atmosphere flux estimates for the Community Land Model (CLM3.5)
Authors: Hoppe C. M. , Elbern H. , Schwinger J.
Published: December 2013

Abstract. This article presents the development and implementation of a spatio–temporal variational data assimilation system (4D-var) for the soil–vegetation–atmosphere–transfer model "Community Land Model" (CLM3.5), along with the development of the adjoint code for the core soil-atmosphere transfer scheme of energy and soil moisture. The purpose of this work is to obtain an improved estimation technique for the energy fluxes (sensible and latent heat fluxes) between the soil and the atmosphere. Optimal assessments of these fluxes are neither available from model simulations nor measurements alone, while a 4D-var data assimilation has the potential to combine both information sources by a Best Linear Unbiased Estimate (BLUE). The 4D-var method requires the development of the adjoint model of the CLM which was established in this work. The new data assimilation algorithm is able to assimilate soil temperature and soil moisture measurements for one-dimensional columns of the model grid. Numerical experiments were first used to test the algorithm under idealised conditions. It was found that the analysis delivers improved results whenever there is a dependence between the initial values and the assimilated quantity. Furthermore, soil temperature and soil moisture from in situ field measurements were assimilated. These calculations demonstrate the improved performance of flux estimates, whenever soil property parameters are available of sufficient quality. Misspecifications could also be identified by the performance of the variational scheme.
Tephra hazard assessment at Mt. Etna (Italy)
Authors: Scollo S. , Coltelli M. , Bonadonna C. , Del Carlo P.
Published: December 2013

Abstract. In this paper we present a probabilistic hazard assessment for tephra fallout at Mt. Etna (Italy) associated with both short- and long-lived eruptions. Eruptive scenarios and eruption source parameters were defined based on the geological record, while an advection–diffusion–sedimentation model was used to capture the variation in wind speed and direction with time after calibration with the field data. Two different types of eruptions were considered in our analysis: eruptions associated with strong short-lived plumes and eruptions associated with weak long-lived plumes. Our probabilistic approach was based on one eruption scenario for both types and on an eruption range scenario for eruptions producing weak long-lived plumes. Due to the prevailing wind direction, the eastern flanks are the most affected by tephra deposition, with the 122 BC Plinian and 2002–2003 eruptions showing the highest impact both on infrastructures and agriculture.
A ten-year record of supraglacial lake evolution and rapid drainage in West Greenland using an automated processing algorithm for multispectral imagery
Authors: Morriss B. F. , Hawley R. L. , Chipman J. W. , Andrews L. C. , Catania G. A. , Hoffman M. J. , Lüthi M. P. , Neumann T. A.
Published: December 2013

Abstract. The rapid drainage of supraglacial lakes introduces large pulses of meltwater to the subglacial environment and creates moulins, surface-to-bed conduits for future melt. Introduction of water to the subglacial system has been shown to affect ice flow, and modeling suggests that variability in water supply and delivery to the subsurface play an important role in the development of the subglacial hydrologic system and its ability to enhance or mitigate ice flow. We developed a fully automated method for tracking meltwater and rapid drainages in large (> 0.125 km2) perennial lakes and applied it to a 10 yr time series of ETM+ and MODIS imagery of an outlet glacier flow band in West Greenland. Results indicate interannual variability in maximum coverage and spatial evolution of total lake area. We identify 238 rapid drainage events, occurring most often at low (< 900 m) and middle (900–1200 m) elevations during periods of net filling or peak lake coverage. We observe a general progression of both lake filling and draining from lower to higher elevations but note that the timing of filling onset, peak coverage, and dissipation are also variable. Lake coverage is sensitive to air temperature, and warm years exhibit greater variability in both coverage evolution and rapid drainage. Mid-elevation drainages in 2011 coincide with large surface velocity increases at nearby GPS sites, though the relationships between ice-shed-scale dynamics and meltwater input are still unclear.
Summary of the IADR Cariology Research, Craniofacial Biology, and Mineralized Tissue Groups Symposium, Iguaçu Falls, Brazil, June 2012: Gene-environment Interactions and Epigenetics in Oral Diseases: Enamel Formation and its Clinical Impact on Tooth Defects, Caries, and Erosion
Authors: Modesto Adriana , Klein Ophir , Tenuta Livia M.A. , Gerlach Raquel F. , Vieira Alexandre R.
Published: December 2013

Characteristics of enamel may influence or modulate individual susceptibility to caries and erosion. These characteristics are defined during development, which is under strict genetic control, but can easily be modified in many ways by environmental factors. In the symposium, translational aspects of embryology, biochemistry, and genetics of amelogenesis were presented. The symposium provided unique insight into how basic sciences integrate with clinically relevant problems. The need for improved understanding of risks at the individual level, taking into consideration both environmental exposures and genetic background, was presented. The symposium was divided into four stepwise and interconnected topics as follows:  1) The Many Faces of Enamel Development; 2) Enamel Pathogenesis: Biochemistry Lessons; 3) Environmental Factors on Enamel Formation; and, 4) Genetic Variation in Enamel Formation Genes.
Inventário e avaliação do patrimônio natural geológico da região de Rio Claro (SP)
Authors: Ribeiro Rogério Rodrigues , Christofoletti Sérgio Ricardo , Batezelli Alessandro , Fittipaldi Fernando Cilento , Zanchetta Denise
Published: December 2013

O presente trabalho discute a abordagem metodológica utilizada no inventário e na avaliação de geossítios na região do Município de Rio Claro, uma das primeiras experiências no Estado de São Paulo. Observou-se que a inexistência de uma proposta para a sistematização do inventário do patrimônio geológico em nível estadual ou nacional, que resgate a história geológica da área estudada, dificultou os trabalhos de inventário e de avaliação propostos. A metodologia utilizada e adaptada para a área de estudo permitiu identificar onze geossítios com valor científico e amplo uso potencial. Destes geossítios, quatro também apresentam potencial para serem incluídos nos inventários nacional e internacional, indo ao encontro da proposta de conservação do patrimônio natural mundial da UNESCO. Assim, são lançadas as primeiras etapas para o desenvolvimento de uma estratégia de conservação do patrimônio geológico da área de estudo, que atualmente se encontra sob ameaça e necessita de políticas públicas para a sua gestão.
Modelagem gravimétrica no Lineamento Guapiara, sul do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Fernandes Mariana Aparecida , Malagutti Filho Walter , Dourado João Carlos , Moreira César Augusto
Published: December 2013

O Lineamento Guapiara é uma importante feição geológica no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, associada ao vulcanismo mesozoico na Bacia do Paraná. O presente trabalho teve por finalidade a interpretação e modelagem de dados gravimétricos coletados entre as cidades de Capão Bonito e Apiaí (SP), em escala de semi-detalhe, para reconhecimento da geometria da compartimentação crustal ao longo desse lineamento. Os mapas da anomalia Bouguer na área revelam uma notável anomalia gravimétrica positiva de direção NW-SE, que coincide com a orientação da maior concentração de diques associados ao Lineamento Guapiara. O modelo crustal elaborado a partir das anomalias caracteriza um significativo afinamento da crosta na área e corrobora trabalhos anteriores. Esse afinamento seria decorrência da subida do manto, reflexo da atividade epirogenética gerada pela propagação dos esforços tectônicos divergentes que ocorreram na margem da Placa Sul-Americana durante o Cretáceo.
Viatge i descoberta: Superant límits
Authors: Camarasa Josep Maria
Published: December 2013

Tot viatge, fins el més banal, té una dimensió de descoberta, tant del món exterior com del mateix viatger. Alguns viatgers, però, han fet i fan de la recerca mateixa l’objecte del viatge. Els objectius, els mitjans i els comportaments d’aquests viatgers han variat al llarg de la història.
Frustrados, incomprendidos y olvidados: los expedicionarios españoles de la Ilustración
Authors: González Bueno Antonio
Published: December 2013

En el último tercio del siglo XVIII la corona española se incorporó a la práctica de promover expediciones que, junto a la reivindicación sobre los territorios visitados, elaboraran también estudios y catálogos de sus riquezas naturales. La mayoría de los expedicionarios toparon a la vuelta con la incomprensión y el olvido de las mismas instituciones que habían promovido su viaje.
Socio‐economic, behavioural, (neuro)psychological and clinical determinants of HRQoL in people living with HIV in Belgium: a pilot study
Authors: Degroote Sophie , Vogelaers Dirk P. , Vermeir Peter , Mariman An , De Rick Ann , Van Der Gucht Bea , Pelgrom Jolanda , Van Wanzeele Filip , Verhofstede Chris , Vandijck Dominique M.
Published: December 2013

Introduction

Due to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV‐1 infection has evolved from a lethal to a chronic disease. As such, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) has become an important outcome variable. The purpose of this study was to identify socio‐economic, behavioural, (neuro)psychological and clinical determinants of HRQoL among people living with HIV (PLHIV).

Methods

This study was conducted between 1 January and 31 December 2012 at the AIDS Reference Centre of Ghent University Hospital, a tertiary care referral centre in Belgium. Validated self‐report questionnaires were administered to collect socio‐demographic data, to assess HRQoL (Medical Outcomes Study‐HIV), depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory‐II) and adherence to HAART (Short Medication Adherence Questionnaire) and to screen for neurocognitive dysfunction.

Results

A total of 237 people participated, among whom 187 (78.9%) were male. Mean age was 45.8±10.7 years and 144 (63.7%, 144/226) participants were homosexual. Median physical and mental health score (PHS, MHS) were 55.6 (IQR 48.2–60.6) and 52.0 (IQR 44.2–57.9), respectively. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that incapacity to work, depressive symptoms, neurocognitive complaints (NCCs), dissatisfaction with the patient–physician relationship and non‐adherence were all negatively associated with HRQoL.

Conclusions

Socio‐economic (work status), behavioural (adherence) and (neuro)psychological (depressive symptoms, NCCs) determinants independently impact HRQoL among this cohort of PLHIV. Clinical parameters (viral load, CD4 cell count) were not independently associated with HRQoL.
Simulation of the switching dynamics of a cholesteric blue phase cell by an inhomogeneous in-plane field
Authors: Fukuda Jun-ichi
Published: December 2013

By numerical calculations based on a continuum theory, we investigate the dynamics of a cholesteric blue phase liquid crystal cell with comb-like electrodes generating an inhomogeneous in-plane electric field. We demonstrate that the cholesteric blue phase respond to the electric field depending sensitively on the local field strength; disclination lines inherent in cholesteric blue phases disappear under a strong field. We also show that the typical response time is much smaller than milliseconds (those of nematic cells) as shown experimentally.
Healing burns using atmospheric pressure plasma irradiation
Authors: Hirata Takamichi , Kishimoto Takumi , Tsutsui Chihiro , Kanai Takao , Mori Akira
Published: December 2013

An experiment testing the effects of plasma irradiation with an atmospheric-pressure plasma (APP) reactor on rats given burns showed no evidence of electric shock injuries upon pathology inspection of the irradiated skin surface. In fact, the observed evidence of healing and improvement of the burns suggested healing effects from plasma irradiation. The quantities of neovascular vessels in the living tissues at 7 days were 9.2 ± 0.77 mm−2 without treatment and 18.4 ± 2.9 mm−2 after plasma irradiation.
Social Integration as Professional Field: Psychotherapy in Sweden
Authors: Johnsson Eva , Svensson Lennart G.
Published: December 2013

The present article describes and analyses the emergence and development of a professional field called social integration. Ideas, theories, and occupational practices forming this field are explored, particularly those related to the development of a new discipline, that of psychotherapy. The development of three occupations (psychiatry, psychology and social work) and their professionalisation is described through their qualitative and quantitative take‑offs in particular historical periods. Three periods are identified: formation, 1850-1920, when psychiatry was defined as a medical sub-discipline; consolidation, 1920-1945, with the institutionalisation of psychiatric care, and with psychoanalysis and mental hygiene as qualitatively new cognitive bases for practitioners; and professionalisation, 1945-1980, with the deinstitutionalisation of psychiatric care and the professionalisation of psychologists and social workers. New ideas on subjectivity and individualism, new welfare state institutions, as well as collaborative professionalism all favoured the creation of psychotherapy as professional knowledge, and a possible new profession of psychotherapists.
Guest Editor's Introduction
Authors: Brante Thomas
Published: December 2013

The studies presented in this issue of Professions & Professionalism are parts of a larger research program called The Professional Landscape in Sweden. Guest editor Thomas Brante explains why it is of interest to an international audience.
Geotail observation of counter directed ESWs associated with the separatrix of magnetic reconnection in the near‐Earth magnetotail
Authors: Li S. Y. , Omura Y. , Lembège B. , Deng X. H. , Kojima H. , Saito Y. , Zhang S. F.
Published: December 2013

A sub‐Alfve´nic jet in the tailward outflow region near the separatrix of the magnetic reconnection is observed by Geotail on 9 February 1995. Several dozens of electrostatic solitary waves/pulses (ESWs) are observed, respectively, on the current sheet‐side and the lobe‐side of the separatrix. The ESWs on the current sheet‐side are of type‐B with direction outward (toward to the tailward) while on the lobe‐side they are of type‐A directed to X‐line. The amplitude of ESWs on the current sheet‐side is about 6 times more than those on the lobe‐side, suggesting that energies flowing outward from the reconnection X‐line are much larger than those flowing inward. Moreover, observations show, that electron beams associated with ESWs, which are parallel to the ambient magnetic field, are much stronger on the current sheet‐side than on the lobe‐side of the separatrix. Furthermore, the direction of the electron beam on the lobe‐side of the separatrix is mainly antiparallel to the ambient magnetic field and it is mainly parallel on the current sheet‐side. Both are consistent with the propagation of ESWs which is in agreement with the generation mechanism of ESWs, which is suggested to be related to electron beams. These results are helpful for solving the issue of ESWs' generation mechanism associated with magnetic reconnection. It also provides an important clue for understanding the fast energy release during the magnetic reconnection process.
Quantifying the global carbon cycle response to volcanic stratospheric aerosol radiative forcing using Earth System Models
Authors: Foley A. M. , Willeit M. , Brovkin V. , Feulner G. , Friend A. D.
Published: December 2013

Large volcanic eruptions can have a significant cooling effect on climate, which is evident in both modern and palaeo data. However, due to the difficulty of disentangling volcanic and other influences in the modern atmospheric CO2 record, and uncertainties associated with palaeo reconstructions of atmospheric CO2, the magnitude of the carbon cycle response to volcanically induced climatic changes is difficult to quantify. In this study, three Earth System Models (SIMEARTH, CLIMBER‐2, and CLIMBER LPJ) are used to simulate the effects of different magnitudes of volcanic eruption, from relatively small (e.g., Mount Pelée, 1902) to very large (e.g., the 1258 ice core event), on the coupled global climate‐carbon cycle system. These models each use different, but justifiable, parameterizations to simulate the global carbon cycle and climate. Key differences include how soil respiration and net primary productivity respond to temperature and atmospheric CO2. All models simulate global surface cooling in response to volcanic events. In response to a Mount Pinatubo‐equivalent eruption, the modelled temperature decrease is 0.3°C to 0.4°C and atmospheric CO2 decreases by 1.1 ppm to 3.4 ppm. The initial response time of climate to volcanic forcing and subsequent recovery time vary little with changes in the size of the forcing. Response times for vegetation and soil carbon are relatively consistent across forcings for each model. However, results indicate that there is significant uncertainty concerning the response of the carbon cycle to volcanic eruptions. Suggestions for future research directed at reducing this uncertainty are given.
Detecting Deception in Non‐Native English Speakers
Authors: Evans Jacqueline R. , Michael Stephen W.
Published: December 2013

The ability to accurately assess credibility is important in countless situations, including many in which individuals being assessed are not speaking their native language. There is reason to believe that native and non‐native speakers may behave differently when lying and that detectors may have a bias to believe non‐native speakers are lying. However, very little is known about detecting deception in non‐native speakers, and the few existing studies have not resulted in consistent findings. The current research compared the ability to detect lies and truths in native speakers with that in non‐native speakers and looked at differences in the cues displayed via the Psychologically Based Credibility Assessment Tool. Results from two samples with different demographic characteristics and backgrounds indicated that there was a bias to believe that non‐native speakers were lying. These results may have implications regarding the use of interpreters in settings where credibility is being assessed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancement of Cationic Antimicrobial Materials via Cholesterol Incorporation
Authors: Coady Daniel J. , Ong Zhan Yuin , Lee Pei Shan , Venkataraman Shrinivas , Chin Willy , Engler Amanda C. , Yang Yi Yan , Hedrick James L.
Published: December 2013

Cationic antimicrobial materials are an attractive option for treating drug‐resistant bacteria. Their membrane lytic mechanism can provide broad spectrum antimicrobial activity while largely negating natural resistance development. Selectivity is achieved using non‐specific electrostatic interactions since microbial membranes display significantly more peripheral negative charge than due eukaryotic bilayers. Following membrane association, structural changes occur causing bilayer destabilization and cell lysis. Herein, antimicrobial effects of enhanced membrane assimilation are examined. Cholesterol, a functionalizable small molecule that assimilates abundantly within cell membranes, is chosen to increase membrane penetration ability to improve antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, cholesterol has an ability to template interesting nanostructures due to its propensity for rotative face‐on‐face stacking. The installation of cationic polycarbonates with systematically varied chain lengths from three separate cholesteryl initiators is accomplished using organocatalytic ring‐opening polymerization. Introduction of cholesteryl oligomers into aqueous media creates “coin” shaped self‐assemblies possessing high exterior cationic charge density. Continued evaluation of these assemblies demonstrates broad spectrum activity against S. epidermidis, S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeraginosa, and C. albicans. Additional results show that, despite repeated sub‐lethal dosing, E. coli does not evolve drug‐resistance and maintains the wild‐type minimum inhibitory concentration of 31.3 mg L‐1.
25th Anniversary Article: Organic Photovoltaic Modules and Biopolymer Supercapacitors for Supply of Renewable Electricity: A Perspective from Africa
Authors: Inganäs Olle , Admassie Shimelis
Published: December 2013

The role of materials in civilization is well demonstrated over the centuries and millennia, as materials have come to serve as the classifier of stages of civilization. With the advent of materials science, this relation has become even more pronounced. The pivotal role of advanced materials in industrial economies has not yet been matched by the influence of advanced materials during the transition from agricultural to modern societies. The role of advanced materials in poverty eradication can be very large, in particular if new trajectories of social and economic development become possible. This is the topic of this essay, different in format from the traditional scientific review, as we try to encompass not only two infant technologies of solar energy conversion and storage by means of organic materials, but also the social conditions for introduction of the technologies. The development of organic‐based photovoltaic energy conversion has been rapid, and promises to deliver new alternatives to well‐established silicon photovoltaics. Our recent development of organic biopolymer composite electrodes opens avenues towards the use of renewable materials in the construction of wooden batteries or supercapacitors for charge storage. Combining these new elements may give different conditions for introduction of energy technology in areas now lacking electrical grids, but having sufficient solar energy inputs. These areas are found close to the equator, and include some of the poorest regions on earth.
25th Anniversary Article: Ordered Polymer Structures for the Engineering of Photons and Phonons
Authors: Lee Jae‐Hwang , Koh Cheong Yang , Singer Jonathan P. , Jeon Seog‐Jin , Maldovan Martin , Stein Ori , Thomas Edwin L.
Published: December 2013

The engineering of optical and acoustic material functionalities via construction of ordered local and global architectures on various length scales commensurate with and well below the characteristic length scales of photons and phonons in the material is an indispensable and powerful means to develop novel materials. In the current mature status of photonics, polymers hold a pivotal role in various application areas such as light‐emission, sensing, energy, and displays, with exclusive advantages despite their relatively low dielectric constants. Moreover, in the nascent field of phononics, polymers are expected to be a superior material platform due to the ability for readily fabricated complex polymer structures possessing a wide range of mechanical behaviors, complete phononic bandgaps, and resonant architectures. In this review, polymer‐centric photonic and phononic crystals and metamaterials are highlighted, and basic concepts, fabrication techniques, selected functional polymers, applications, and emerging ideas are introduced.
Molecular Iodine‐Mediated Domino Reaction for the Synthesis of Benzamides, 2,2‐Diazidobenzofuran‐3(2H)‐ones and Benzoxazolones
Authors: Rajendar K. , Kant Ruchir , Narender T.
Published: December 2013

A simple and efficient domino protocol has been developed for the preparation of biologically important benzamides, 2,2‐diazidobenzofuran‐3(2H)‐ones and benzoxazolones from various structurally and electronically divergent acetophenones and ortho‐hydroxyacetophenones in the presence of molecular iodine, sodium azide and sodium bicarbonate at 100 °C in good to excellent yields.

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Visualizing infection spread: Dual‐color fluorescent reporting of virus–host interactions
Authors: Swick Adam , Baltes Ashley , Yin John
Published: December 2013

Although the molecular mechanisms by which host cells defend themselves against viral infection have been studied in great depth, and countermeasures viruses employ to suppress such defensive responses have been widely documented, relatively little attention has been devoted toward elucidating how such interactions between virus and host are resolved over multiple rounds of infection. Here, we describe the design, synthesis, and validation of a dual‐color fluorescent reporter system to study how viral infections spread through a host cell monolayer and how the cellular innate immune system mounts an antiviral response. We employed recombinant, red fluorescent protein expressing mutants of a prototypical RNA virus, vesicular stomatitis virus to enable identification and tracking of infected cells. Further, we generated stable reporter cells that use green fluorescent protein to report on the expression of IFIT2, an interferon stimulated gene involved in the interference of viral protein translation, and a marker of antiviral defense activation. The presence of the fluorescent protein reporters had minimal effects on the normal behavior of the cells or viruses. Moreover, expression of the virus and cell reporters correlated with the kinetics of viral replication and activation of an anti‐viral response, respectively. This two‐color system enabled us to track and quantify in live cells how viral replication and activation of host defensive responses play out over multiple rounds of infection. Initial study of propagating infections demonstrated that antiviral activation over multiple rounds was critical for slowing and ultimately halting the spread of infection. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 1200–1209. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transcatheter sapien valve implantation in a native tricuspid valve after failed surgical repair
Authors: Kefer Joelle , Sluysmans Thierry , Vanoverschelde Jean‐Louis
Published: December 2013

Objectives

We describe the first report of a transcatheter Sapien implantation in a native tricuspid valve after multiple failed surgical repairs with a lack of prosthetic material and radiographic landmarks.

Methods and Results

A 47‐year old female underwent multiple valve repairs and replacements including three tricuspid valve repairs without surgical ring or bioprosthesis implantation. She developed signs of right heart failure associated with a mixed tricuspid disease combining a severe stenosis and regurgitation. After surgical turn down, a revalvulation using a transcatheter approach was attempted. The challenges in this case were the absence of a stiff region to anchor the percutaneous valve, the lack of radiographic landmarks and the difficulties of precise annulus measurements. The applied strategy was ‐under general anesthesia and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation‐: balloon sizing, prestenting of the tricuspid annulus using covered stents followed by Sapien valve implantation through the femoral vein under fluoroscopy and transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The procedure was successfull, solving the tricuspid leak and stenosis (peak gradient from 22 to 3 mm Hg) using two Sapien for a perfect positioning. It was complicated by pulmonary bleeding due to a distal wire exit, treated successfully by coil embolization. The clinical and echocardiographic outcome was good up to 5 months.

Conclusions

Transcatheter Sapien valve implantation in a native tricuspid valve after failed multiple surgical repairs is feasible by the femoral vein. Technical challenges due to the lack of rigid landing zone and fluoroscopic markers were solved by prestenting and valve implantation under bi‐plane fluoroscopic and TEE guidance. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Duodenal perforation associated with norovirus and rotavirus gastroenteritis
Authors: Ueda Norishi , Shimotake Takashi , Ohama Kazunori
Published: December 2013

Key Clinical Message

Norovirus (NoV) and rotavirus (RV) gastroenteritis are usually self‐limiting. However, few pediatric cases of bowel perforation and no duodenal perforation with NoV gastroenteritis were reported. We describe two children with duodenal perforation due to NoV or RV gastroenteritis. Suspicion for this association enables prompt intervention, preventing lethal outcomes of these common infections.
Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones Catalyzed by Surface‐Active Ruthenium and Rhodium Complexes in Water
Authors: Kalsin Alexander M. , Peganova Tat'yana A. , Novikov Valentin V. , Zhamoytina Alexandra I. , Gonsalvi Luca , Peruzzini Maurizio
Published: December 2013

An improved, high‐yield, one‐pot synthetic procedure for water‐soluble ligands functionalized with trialkyl ammonium side groups H2N(CH2)2NHSO2‐p‐C6H4CH2[NMe2(CnH2n+1)]+ ([HLn]+; n=8, 16) was developed. The corresponding new surface‐active complexes [(p‐cymene)RuCl(Ln)] and [Cp*RhCl(Ln)] (Cp*=η5‐C5Me5) were prepared and characterized. For n=16 micelles are formed in water at concentrations as low as 0.6 mM, as demonstrated by surface‐tension measurements. The complexes were used for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of ketones with formate in water. Highly active catalyst systems were obtained in the case of complexes bearing C16 tails due to their ability to be adsorbed at the water/substrate interface. The scope of these catalyst systems in aqueous solutions was extended from partially water soluble aryl alkyl ketones (acetophenone, butyrophenone) to hydrophobic dialkyl ketones (2‐dodecanone).
Synthesis, Solid‐State NMR Characterization, and Application for Hydrogenation Reactions of a Novel Wilkinson’s‐Type Immobilized Catalyst
Authors: Abdulhussain Safaa , Breitzke Hergen , Ratajczyk Tomasz , Grünberg Anna , Srour Mohamad , Arnaut Danjela , Weidler Heiko , Kunz Ulrike , Kleebe Hans Joachim , Bommerich Ute , Bernarding Johannes , Gutmann Torsten , Buntkowsky Gerd
Published: December 2013

Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) were chosen as a solid support material for the immobilization of a new Wilkinson’s‐type catalyst. In a first step, polymer molecules (poly(triphenylphosphine)ethylene (PTPPE); 4‐diphenylphosphine styrene as monomer) were grafted onto the silica nanoparticles by surface‐initiated photoinferter‐mediated polymerization (SI‐PIMP). The catalyst was then created by binding rhodium (Rh) to the polymer side chains, with RhCl3⋅x H2O as a precursor. The triphenylphosphine units and rhodium as RhI provide an environment to form Wilkinson’s catalyst‐like structures. Employing multinuclear (31P, 29Si, and 13C) solid‐state NMR spectroscopy (SSNMR), the structure of the catalyst bound to the polymer and the intermediates of the grafting reaction have been characterized. Finally, first applications of this catalyst in hydrogenation reactions employing para‐enriched hydrogen gas (PHIP experiments) and an assessment of its leaching properties are presented.
A Racemic and Enantiopure Unsymmetric Diiron(III) Complex with a Chiral o‐Carborane‐Based Pyridylalcohol Ligand: Combined Chiroptical, Magnetic, and Nonlinear Optical Properties
Authors: Di Salvo Florencia , Tsang Min Ying , Teixidor Francesc , Viñas Clara , Planas José Giner , Crassous Jeanne , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Aliaga‐Alcalde Núria , Ruiz Eliseo , Coquerel Gerard , Clevers Simon , Dupray Valerie , Choquesillo‐Lazarte Duane , Light Mark E. , Hursthouse Michael B.
Published: December 2013

The design of molecule‐based systems combining magnetic, chiroptical and second‐order optical nonlinear properties is still very rare. We report an unusually unsymmetric diiron(III) complex 1, in which three bulky chiral carboranylpyridinealkoxide ligands (oCBhmp−) bridge both metal ions and the complex shows the above‐mentioned properties. The introduction of o‐carborane into the 2‐(hydroxymethyl)pyridine (hmpH) architecture significantly alters the coordination of the simple or aryl‐substituted 2‐hmpH. The unusual architecture observed in 1 seems to be triggered by the poor nucleophilicity of our alkoxide ligand (oCBhmp−). A very rare case of spontaneous resolution takes place on precipitation or exposure to solvent vapor for the bulk compound, as confirmed by a combination of single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction, second‐harmonic generation, and circular dichroism. The corresponding enantiopure complexes (+)1 and (−)1 have also been synthesized and fully characterized. This research provides a new building block with unique geometry and electronics to construct coordination complexes with multifunctional properties.
Conjugated BODIPY DYEmers by Metathesis Reactions
Authors: Ahrens Johannes , Haberlag Birte , Scheja Anne , Tamm Matthias , Bröring Martin
Published: December 2013

Boron dipyrrin (BODIPY) DYEmers bridged by conjugating ethynylene and ethenylene moieties can be prepared through metal‐promoted metathesis reactions. Alkyne metathesis was advantageous over alkene metathesis and Stille coupling for BODIPY substrates, but also showed specific restrictions with respect to steric encumbrance and regioselectivity. All derivatives with unhindered rotations along the bridges reside in a coplanar minimum conformation. For a hindered β‐ethenylene‐bridged DYEmer, the shifts in the 1H NMR spectrum indicate a significant loss of coplanarity and conjugation. The electronic interactions of the BODIPY subchromophores, visualized by optical spectra and cyclic voltammograms, deviate significantly from those found for nonconjugated and excitonically coupled DYEmers. The observed properties can be rationalized in each case by the respective strength of conjugation through the α or β position, the degree of coplanarity, and conformational dynamics.
Highly Enantioselective Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Terminal Alkynes to 1,1‐Difluoro‐1‐(phenylsulfonyl)‐3‐en‐2‐ones: New Ester/Amide Surrogates in Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Sanz‐Marco Amparo , García‐Ortiz Andrea , Blay Gonzalo , Fernández Isabel , Pedro José R.
Published: December 2013

A highly enantioselective copper‐catalyzed conjugate alkynylation of monoactivated enones, namely 1,1‐difluoro‐1‐(phenylsulfonyl)‐3‐en‐2‐ones, is described. The reaction products are obtained with good yields and excellent enantioselectivities (from 92 to 99% ee). The β‐alkynylated difluoro(phenylsulfonyl) ketones can be converted into the corresponding β‐alkynylated difluoro‐ and trifluoromethyl ketones, esters and amides. This is the first example on the use of 1,1‐difluoro‐1‐(phenylsulfonyl)‐3‐en‐2‐ones as substrates in an enantioselective reaction, which have been shown to be new ester/amide surrogates.
ChemInform Abstract: Luminescence Properties of a Blue‐Emitting Phosphor: (Sr1‐xEux)Si9Al19ON31 (0 < x ≤ 1).
Authors: Liu Lihong , Xie Rong‐Jun , Hirosaki Naoto , Dierre Benjamin , Sekiguchi Takashi
Published: December 2013

The blue‐emitting title phosphors are synthesized from mixtures of AlN, α‐Si3N4, SrCO3, and Eu2O3 (1 MPa N2, 1800 °C, 2 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Barium Ferrite Ultrafine Powders by a Sol—Gel Combustion Method Using Glycine Gels.
Authors: Meng Y. Y. , He M. H. , Zeng Q. , Jiao D. L. , Shukla S. , Ramanujan R. V. , Liu Z. W.
Published: December 2013

Ultrafine BaFe12O19 powders are prepared by sol‐gel combustion using glycine gels prepared from metal nitrates and glycine solutions which are ignited in a furnace after drying (220 °C, 1 min) prior to calcination in air at 700—1000 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Magic Number Pt13 and Misshapen Pt12 Clusters: Which One is the Better Catalyst?
Authors: Imaoka Takane , Kitazawa Hirokazu , Chun Wang‐Jae , Omura Saori , Albrecht Ken , Yamamoto Kimihisa
Published: December 2013

Ptn (n = 12, 13) clusters are synthesized with atomic‐level precision by using a dendrimer ligand as the macromolecular template.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of High Acidity Nanocrystalline γ‐Al2O3 by Sonochemical Method.
Authors: Nazarpour Hosein , Rahmanpour Omid , Niku Mohammad Reza Khosravi
Published: December 2013

Nanocrystalline γ‐Al2O3 is prepared by addition of ammonia to an aqueous solution of Al(NO3)3 with vigorous stirring and ultrasonic vibration, followed by calcination at 600 °C for 5 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Properties of Two New One‐Dimensional Heterometallic Selenides: [DBNH]4 [M3Sn4Se11(Se2)2] (M: Cd, Hg).
Authors: Xiong Wei‐Wei , Ye Kaiqi , Ye Ling , Zhang Qichun
Published: December 2013

The new one‐dimensional compounds (IVa, b) crystallize isostructurally in the monoclinic space group C2/c with Z = 4 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Ba13Si6Sn8As22: A Quaternary Zintl Phase Containing Adamantane‐Like [Si4As10] Clusters.
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Cun , Lin Na , Wang Jian , Pan Ming‐Yan , Zhao Xian , Tao Xu‐Tang , Xia Sheng‐Qing
Published: December 2013

The new title compound is synthesized from the elements in a ratio of Ba:Si:Sn:As = 1:3:50:2 using excess Sn as a flux (alumina crucible in an evacuated silica tube, 1100 °C, 20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Pb2TiOF(SeO3)2Cl and Pb2NbO2(SeO3)2Cl: Small Changes in Structure Induced a Very Large SHG Enhancement.
Authors: Cao Xue‐Li , Hu Chun‐Li , Xu Xiang , Kong Fang , Mao Jiang‐Gao
Published: December 2013

The new polar compounds Pb2TiOF(SeO3)2Cl and Pb2NbO2(SeO3)2Cl are prepared in 46% resp.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of MnCrO4, a New Mixed‐Valence Antiferromagnet.
Authors: Nalbandyan Vladimir B. , et al. et al.
Published: December 2013

The new semiconductive title phase is synthesized by evaporation of an aqueous solution of (NH4)2Cr2O7 and Mn(NO3)2 followed by calcination at 400 °C for 1 h.
ChemInform Abstract: New Antiferromagnetic Perovskite CaCo3V4O12 Prepared at High‐Pressure and High‐Temperature Conditions.
Authors: Ovsyannikov Sergey V. , Zainulin Yury G. , Kadyrova Nadezda I. , Tyutyunnik Alexander P. , Semenova Anna S. , Kasinathan Deepa , Tsirlin Alexander A. , Miyajima Nobuyoshi , Karkin Alexander E.
Published: December 2013

The new title perovskite is synthesized from mixtures of Ca(VO3)2, Co(VO3)2, and Co (14—18 GPa, 900—1300 °C, 0.5—8 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Benzylic Hydroxylation of Aromatic Compounds by P450 BM3.
Authors: Neufeld Katharina , Marienhagen Jan , Schwaneberg Ulrich , Pietruszka Joerg
Published: December 2013

An efficient preparative procedure is elaborated for the biocatalytic benzylic hydroxylation of toluene substrate (Ia) leading to benzylic alcohol (IIa) in good isolated yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Expeditious Approach to Pyrrolophenanthridones, Phenanthridines, and Benzo[c]phenanthridines via Organocatalytic Direct Biaryl‐Coupling Promoted by Potassium tert‐Butoxide.
Authors: De Subhadip , Mishra Sourabh , Kakde Badrinath N. , Dey Dhananjay , Bisai Alakesh
Published: December 2013

It is a simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly method to prepare a wide range of phenanthridine derivatives including Amaryllidacea alkaloids such as anhydrolycorinone (IIb), dihydronitidine (IVb), nornitidine (VIb), and trispheridine (VIIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidant‐Dependent Chemoselectivity in the Gold‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclizations of 3,4,6,6‐Tetrasubstituted 3,5‐Dien‐1‐ynes.
Authors: Hung Hsiao‐Hua , Liao Yi‐Ching , Liu Rai‐Shung
Published: December 2013

In contrast to the reaction of 3,5‐dienynes with methylquinoline N‐oxide giving fused cyclopropane derivatives, treatment with less active dichloropyridine N‐oxide is found to result in formation of cyclopentadienyl aldehydes via prior enyne cyclization and subsequent carbene oxidation.
ChemInform Abstract: Dioxidomolybdenum(VI) Complexes Containing Ligands with the Bipyrrolidine Backbone as Efficient Catalysts for Olefin Epoxidation.
Authors: Mayilmurugan Ramasamy , Traar Pedro , Schachner Joerg A. , Volpe Manuel , Moesch‐Zanetti Nadia C.
Published: December 2013

Air‐stable chiral title Mo(VI)‐complexes of the type MoO2(L) are found to be efficient and selective catalysts for the epoxidation of various olefins.
ChemInform Abstract: Expanded Scope of the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Minimally Functionalized Olefins Catalyzed by Iridium Complexes with Phosphite—Thiazoline Ligands.
Authors: Mazuela Javier , Pamies Oscar , Dieguez Montserrat
Published: December 2013

A new structurally important class of Ir‐phosphite‐thiazoline precatalysts is developed to be used in the hydrogenation reaction of the challenging substrates like minimally functionalized 1,1‐disubstituted terminal olefins, (E)‐trisubstituted olefins, α,β‐unsaturated ketones and esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Trifluoromethylation of Anhydrides Employing (Trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane: Synthesis of γ‐Trifluoromethylated γ‐Butyrolactones.
Authors: Masusai Chonticha , Soorukram Darunee , Kuhakarn Chutima , Tuchinda Patoomratana , Reutrakul Vichai , Pohmakotr Manat
Published: December 2013

Alkyl Grignard reagents, apart from MeMgCl, react similar to butyl magnesium chloride, giving the undesired side product (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Amination Reactions of α‐Nitro Aryl and Heteroaryl Enoates.
Authors: Fioravanti Stefania , Pellacani Lucio , Vergari Maria Cecilia
Published: December 2013

Regardless of the substrate configuration the corresponding β‐amino‐α‐nitro‐enoates are obtained with good stereoselectivity favouring the E‐alkene.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Tandem N‐Alkylation/C‐Acylation of β,γ‐Alkynyl α‐Imino Esters.
Authors: Mizota Isao , Matsuda Yuri , Kamimura Satoshi , Tanaka Hirotaka , Shimizu Makoto
Published: December 2013

N‐addition to α‐imino esters followed by acylation provides alkynyl amino esters or allenoates in a regioselective tandem process.
ChemInform Abstract: Synergistic Effect of Additives on Cyclopropanation of Olefins.
Authors: Cheng Donghao , Huang Deshun , Shi Yian
Published: December 2013

The Simmons—Smith type cyclopropanation of a variety of olefins in the presence of trichloroacetic acid as the catalyst is efficiently promoted by 1,2‐dimethoxyethane as an additive.
ChemInform Abstract: Readily Accessible and Easily Modifiable Ru‐Based Catalysts for Efficient and Z‐Selective Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization and Ring‐Opening/Cross‐Metathesis.
Authors: Khan R. Kashif M. , Torker Sebastian , Hoveyda Amir H.
Published: December 2013

This describes the synthesis of several Ru catalysts which can be used for ROCM (see scheme) and ROMP reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Superbase‐Catalyzed Addition of Ketones to Propargyl and Allenyl Ethers in the KOH (KOBut)/DMSO System.
Authors: Schmidt Elena Yu. , Zorina Nadezhda V. , Tarasova Olga A. , Ushakov Igor A. , Trofimov Boris A.
Published: December 2013

The previously unknown title reaction provides a straightforward route to new families of promising synthetic intermediates which combine a ketone and E‐ or Z‐enol‐ether structures in one molecule.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Synthesis of N‐Alkylated Amides from Aldoximes and Alcohols by Using a Ru/Ir Dual‐Catalyst System.
Authors: Li Feng , Qu Panpan , Ma Juan , Zou Xiaoyuan , Sun Chunlou
Published: December 2013

The reaction of aldoximes and alcohols proceeds under environmentally friendly conditions through a tandem rearrangement/N‐alkylation.
ChemInform Abstract: A Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of Arylcarboxyamides from Aryl Diazonium Salts and Isocyanides.
Authors: Xia Zhonghua , Zhu Qiang
Published: December 2013

This novel arylation of isocyanides affords the corresponding title compounds rapidly and under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Base‐Promoted Nucleophilic Addition of Diazoesters to Nitrones.
Authors: Kui Evelyn Lieou , Kanazawa Alice , Poisson Jean‐Francois , Py Sandrine
Published: December 2013

The title reaction provides a series of stable β‐alkylhydroxyamino‐α‐diazoesters.
ChemInform Abstract: Directing Group Assisted Copper‐Catalyzed Chemoselective O‐Arylation of Phenols and Enols Using Alkylbenzenes.
Authors: Rout Saroj Kumar , Guin Srimanta , Banerjee Arghya , Khatun Nilufa , Gogoi Anupal , Patel Bhisma K.
Published: December 2013

The ortho carbonyl group in hydroxyarenes (I) is essential for the oxidative aroylation of the OH‐group with alkylbenzenes in the presence of tBu‐OOH as oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Slow Release of Isocyanates: Synthesis and Organocatalytic Application of N‐Acylureas.
Authors: Singh Atul K. , Chawla Ruchi , Yadav Lal Dhar S.
Published: December 2013

A novel synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical N‐acylureas is developed involving in situ formation of isocyanates from carboxamides with N,N‐dibromo‐p‐toluenesulfonamide.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (Z)‐N‐Alkenylazoles and Pyrroloisoquinolines from α‐N‐Azoleketones Through Pd‐Catalyzed Tosylhydrazone Cross‐Couplings.
Authors: Florentino Lucia , Aznar Fernando , Valdes Carlos
Published: December 2013

A Pd‐catalyzed (Z)‐selective synthesis of N‐alkenylazoles from α‐N‐Azoleketones with an ortho‐stereodirecting effect is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: A Recyclable “Boomerang” Linear Polystyrene‐Stabilized Pd Nanoparticles for the Suzuki Coupling Reaction of Aryl Chlorides in Water.
Authors: Ohtaka Atsushi , Sakaguchi Erina , Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Hamasaka Go , Uozumi Yasuhiro , Shimomura Osamu , Nomura Ryoki
Published: December 2013

The catalyst can be recycled and reused for at least three cycles without significant loss of its activity.