bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chaetoceros gracilis AS A BIOINDICATOR OF SEDIMENT QUALITY
Authors: Puspitasari Rachma , Lestari Lestari
Published: January 2018

Chronic sediment toxicity tests could be used to evaluate the effects of sediment on critical stages in the life of an organism like invertebrate larvae and microalgae. Microalgae play an important role in aquatic ecosystem due to their role as producer in food chain producing organic matter and oxygen through photosynthesis process. This paper aimed to assess sediment quality of Semarang water using chronic sediment toxicity test. Research was conducted by testing 13 sediment samples from Semarang coastal region in August, 2010. Results showed that sediments exposed for 96 hours were still able to stimulate the growth of C. gracilis eventhough the copper concentration was above standard value provided by the CCME. The conclusion from this research was that sediment in Semarang still in good condition and can support growth of C. gracilis as primary producer. Chronic sediment toxicity test using C. gracilis could be combined with heavy metal measurement for sediment quality asessment. Keywords: sediment, bioindicator, diatomae, C. gracilis, chronic toxicity, Semarang
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTIFICIAL RICE WITH SEAWEED Eucheuma cottonii ADDITION AS A DIETARY FIBER SOURCE
Authors: Setiawati Natalia Prodiana , Santoso Joko , Purwaningsih Sri
Published: January 2018

The utilization of local food commodities such as corn and cassava with seaweed addition as a dietary fiber source for producing artificial rice through extrusion technology is an  alternative for food diversification. The research was carried out to find out the best composition (rice, corn, cassava, and seaweed) and temperature of extrusion process on making artificial rice and the influence of dietary fibre on sensory properties and physicochemical. The composition of rice, corn, and cassava in proportion  of 1:3:1 with 20% seaweed, Eucheuma cottonii, addition and temperature extruder of 90 °C were selected as the best product for artificial rice. The  sensory evaluation was 8.02±0.21 (people’s preference). In physicochemical properties, dietary fiber significantly affected on low bulk density and starch digestibility. This condition is very good for health especially in maintaining the stability of blood glucose in the body. Keywords: artificial rice, composition, extrusion, seaweed, dietary fibre, temperature
ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF ENDOPHYTIC MARINE FUNGI FOR CELLULASE PRODUCTION
Authors: Andhikawati Aulia , Oktavia Yulia , Ibrahim Bustami , Tarman Kustiariyah
Published: January 2018

Cellulolytic fungi are potentially useful in biotechnology. Decomposition of substrates containing cellulose can be applied in bioethanol and enzymes production. Fungi are one group of microorganisms that can decompose cellulase materials.  This study aimed to obtain potential cellulolytic fungi isolated from marine habitat. Screening of the fungi was performed using CBM media with different salinity. Six isolates were tested quantitatively for cellulolytic activity using congo red staining. Cellulolytic index of algicolous and manglicolous fungi were lower than those of EN isolate, Veronea sp. KT19, and sponge associate (SMH). Fungi cultured in freshwater and seawater media possessed higher cellulolytic index in compared to those of cultures in 3% NaCl medium. However, freshwater and seawater media showed no significant effect. Cellulolytic index of EN isolate, Veronaea sp. KT19, and SMH after six days of incubation were 1.357; 1.267, and 1.278, respectively. All six isolates potentially produced cellulase in all medium tested. Keywords: Cellulolytic, cellulose, endophytes, enzyme
LANDCOVER CHANGES IN COASTAL BUNGUS REGION OF KABUNG BAY, WEST SUMATRA FROM 200-2013 BASED ON GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM APPLICATION
Authors: Yulius Yulius , Tanto T A , Ramdhan M , Putra A , Salim H L
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT Bungus district of Kabung Bay is a growing region located at coastal zone of southern city of Padang, west sumatra. As a growing region, the Bungus district brings some impacts on population increase and degradation of environment quality. Therefore, it is needed an effort to identify land use changes and the distribution of land use in this region from the year of 2003 until 2013. This research used landsat 7 imagery in 2003 and landsat 8 imagery in 2013. The data were analysed descriptively using geographical informastion system. The result showd that (1) swamp land cover experienced the smallest land use change between 2003 until 2013 (0.02 ha/yr), meanwhile forest land use had the biggest change of about 224.8 ha/yr. The biggest addition of land cover belong to settlement area about 47.59 hectare, and the other hand occur on bush about -31.68 hectare. Keywords: Bungus district, landcover changes, Landsat imagery, GIS
DISTRIBUTION OF HEAVY METALS IN NATUNA COASTAL WATERS
Authors: Sagala Sophia L , Bramawanto Rikha , Kuswardani Anastasia R.T.D , Pranowo Widodo S
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThe study of Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg, and As and Fe in Natuna coastal waters, Riau Islands was conducted in November 2012. Water and sediment samples were collected from 35 stations by purposive sampling method and those heavy metals were analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, flame type (FAAS). The results showed that concentrations of total Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg, and As in surface water were below instrument detection limit (2 µg/L for Pb, Cd, and Cu; 0.02 µg/L for Hg and As). Moreover, the concentration of metal Fe in surface water was 0.021-0.054 mg/L. Concentrations of Pb and Cu in sediment were 0.05-22.67 mg/kg and 3.77-11.00 mg/kg, respectively, at which the highest concentrations were found near Binjai Estuary. Those concentrations were significantly below the standard levels set by CCME (2002) and ANZECC/ARMCANZ (2000). Concentration of Fe in sediment varied from 751.13-2309.12 mg/kg and showed similar spatial distribution to Cu-in-sediment. No standard level for Fe in waters was available. Generally, it can be concluded that Natuna coastal water was still uncontaminated.  Keywords: heavy metals, iron metal, Natuna coastal waters.
DYNAMICS OF SPATIAL ABUNDANCE OF ZOOPLANKTON IN MORELLA COASTAL WATERS, CENTRAL MALUKU
Authors: Mulyadi Hanung Agus , Radjab Abdul Wahab
Published: January 2018

The dynamics abundance of zooplankton in Morella coastal waters is poorly known.The purpose of this study was to detemine the abundance of zooplankton in Morella coastal waters during Southeast Monsoon. This research was conducted in August 2011. Plankton samples were collected from five stations, by NORPAC net that was vertically hauled from 10 meter depth up to the surface (except in Station 5, less than 10 m). The result showed that composition of zooplankton in Morella consisted of 43 taxa of zooplankton (33 taxa of holoplankton and 10 taxa of meroplankton). Total abundance of zooplankton was between 752 and 1050 ind/m3 (average 890±128 ind/m3), which was dominated by Copepods (53.70%). The abundace of the Copepods was between 368 and 742 ind/m3 (average 481±153 ind/m3). Copepods that typically found in coastal water may have higher tolerant on oceanographic factors than one that typically found in oceanic water. Sagitta enflata was identified as the most abundant, followed by Oncaea sp and Acrocalanus gibber. Echinoderms larvae were abundant in the pluteus stage (8 arms) indicated that spawning process occurred in August. The Bray-Curtis clustering analyses showed that in station 4 there were six different species zooplankton indentified in this location.   Keywords: structure community, copepods, meroplankton, chaetoghnata, Morella
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SEAWEED AT COASTAL AREA OF HARUKU ISLAND, CENTRAL MOLLUCAS PROVINCE
Authors: Papalia Saleh
Published: January 2018

The study of seaweed biodiversity was conducted in Ory, Pelaw, Kailolo, and Waimital coatal waters of Haruku island in 2011.  The purposes or this study were to determine the density and biodiversity of makroalgae in the coastal waters of the Haruku island. Data collection were conducted in June-September 2011 with square transect line method. The results showed that in the coastal area of Kailolo exhibited the highest value in density and biodiversity of macroalgae in the study regions with 47 species from 31 genera consisting  of 21 species of red algae, 14 species of green algae and 13 species of brown algae. Gracilaria, Acanthophora, Sargassum, Turbinaria, Caulerpa, and Halimeda were the most dominance in the region. The highest biomass of macroalga found in the Kailolo coastal waters was due to its relatively good habitat contidion consisting of dead coral rubble, sand, coral live with seagrass vegetation dominated by Thalasia hemprizii and Halodule uninervis. Meanwhile, habitat condition at the other locations had suffered a severe damage and dominated by dead coral. Environmental conditions in the study region  were within the limits of decent support for the growth of macro algae. Keywords: Macroalgae, diversity, biodiversity, substrat, Haruku island
DISTRIBUTION OF GASTROPODA AND ITS RELATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS IN COASTAL WATERS OF NUSALAUT ISLAND, CENTRAL MALUKU
Authors: Islami Muhammad Masrur
Published: January 2018

Nusalaut Island is one of the small islands in Maluku waters that is influenced by the dynamics of Banda Sea. The aim of this study was to investigate the density and spatial distribution of gastropods and its relation with environmental characteristics using multivariate analysis i.e., Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Correspondence Analysis (CA). This study was conducted in Nusalaut Island as a part of Marine Resources Inventory Programme in Nusalaut Island in 2009. Fieldwork was conducted in northern Nusalaut Island using systematic random sampling method. Results showed that the highest density was Nassariidae family and other low density were from the familes of Cerithiidae, Buccinidae, Terebridae, and Conidae, respectively. The environmental characteristics affected species composition and density of gastropods. Distribution of environmental characteristics and spatial distribution of gastropods at each station was influenced by a combination of several parameters. Microhabitat pattern, predatory, and human activities also affected the distribution of gastropods. Keywords: gastropoda, spatial distribution, environmental characteristics, Nusalaut Island
VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF NUTRIENTS ON TRANSITIONAL SEASON IN WEDA BAY, NORTH MALUKU
Authors: Hamzah Faisal , Basit Abdul , Triyulianti Iis
Published: January 2018

A vertical distribution of nutrient shows an interaction of physical processes, source, and uptake along the water column. These interactions can occur along the water column with different processes in each layer. Water samples from 17 stations were collected for nitrate, phosphate, and silicates concentration analyses during the transitional season in the Weda Bay. During the transitional season, the Weda Bay was characterized by low salinity (33.55-34.10), relatively warm temperature (30.87°C), and the relatively low nutrient concentrations (nitrate=0.03-4.87 µg at/l, phosphate=0.011-0.852 µg at/l, and silicate=0.04-1.21 µg at/l). The present of Western North Pacific Ocean (WNPO) watermass and the influence of Southern Subtropical Lower Water (SSLW) producing high salinity (>35) at the depth of 130-300 m were observed along the Weda Bay. Nutrient geochemical processes in this region were shown by nutrient utilization and regeneration across the water columns. Nutrients utilization was relatively high in the surface layer. Meanwhile, nutrients regeneration and remineralization were more dominant in the thermocline and deeper water layers. Analyses of nutrients showed that nitrate was more dominant than other nutrients with N/P ratio was 3.83-37.99 and N/Si ratio was 0.12-10.98. The effectiveness of silicate (0.25 μg at/l) that was used by phytoplankton found at a depth of 200 m when its concentration decreased at N/P ratio (16:08) close to the Redfield ratio. Due to an uptake, remineralization, and regeneration processes in each layer, a nutrient distribution pattern was formed which the nutrient concentrations decreased in mixed layer and increased in the deeper water.Keywords:nutrien, pattern, Weda Bay, transitional season
VARIABILITY OF CARAPACE WIDTH SIZE AND ABUNDANCE OF BLUE SWIMMING CRABS (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus) IN PATI WATERS
Authors: Nugraheni Dyah Ika , Fahrudin Achmad , Yonvitner .
Published: January 2018

Fishing effort enhancement would put pressure on blue swimming crab resources and its ecosystem. The objective of this study was to determine the spatial distribution based on the size of the carapace width (CW), abundance, temperature, salinity, depth, and fishing intensity in Pati waters which was divided into two zones (zones 1=nearshore, zone 2=offshore). The result showed that the average of carapace width in zone 1 to zone 2 was significantly different (p <0.05), as well as between males and females. Average number of individual (abundance) was significantly different according to fishing areas and sex (p <0.05). The average of water temperature in zone 1 was higher than in zone 2, salinity in zone 1 was smaller than in zone 2, and the water depth in zone 1 was shallower than in zone 2. The higher the crab catch intensity leaded to the smaller the abundance and size of carapace width. Alternative management strategies were proposed such as to divert fishing grounds from coastal waters to offshore during low productivity season, to uphold rules on minimum legal size for catching (Lm = 107 mm),  to release of berried females catch, and to reduce accretion rate of gear and fishing fleet mainly in the coastal zone waters.Keywords:  blue swimming crab, carapace widht (CW), abundance, intensity of fishing
PRESSURE CHANGES IN MEDIA MAINTENANCE OF SHELL PEARL (Pinctada maxima) LARVAE ON PROTEASE ENZYME ACTIVITY ENHANCING GROWTH AND SURVIVAL
Authors: Hamzah M.S.
Published: January 2018

The growth of pearl shell oyster is influenced by nacre availability consisting of calcium carbonate. Nacre is identified as a protein metabolism product in pearl oyster. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of media level pressure in larva rearing tank on protease enzyme activity to promote growth performance and survival rate of Pinctada maxima larvae. The research was conducted from March 6th to May 7th 2015 in laboratorium of Mataram Marine Bio Industry Technical Implementation Unit, LIPI. “Chi-Square” test showed that survival rate of larvae at Umbo-veliger stage (planktonic) was significantly affected by water level pressure within 99% with ratio 1.00:1.61. In contrast, treatment with no water level pressure also significantly influenced the survival rate of larvae in spat stage within 99% confidence with ratio of 1.00:1.93. The highest average survival rate of larvae in umbo-veliger and spat stages were 13.10% and 2.60%, respectively. The effect of protease enzyme activity on calcium carbonate production to produce oyster shell are also discussed in this paper. Keywords:  water level pressure, protease enzyme activity, survival rate, growth, larvae, P. maxima
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF FORAMINIFERA IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS AND CORRELATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN OFFSHORE WATERS OF BALIKPAPAN, MAKASSAR STRAIT
Authors: Natsir Suhartati M. , Firman Aulya , Riyantini Indah , Nurruhwati Isni
Published: January 2018

The distribution of foraminifera is influenced by several environmental factors such as depth, sediment type, chemical and physical oceanographic paramaters, and season. The aim of the study was to determine the foraminiferal assemblages and their relationship to physical and chemical parameters in the offshore of Balikpapan waters of Makassar Strait such as depth, temperature, currents, sediment types, and salinity. Surface sediment, physical, and chemical parameters sampling was conducted in April 2012. The results of the observations on the sediment samples recognized planktonic foraminifera in 6 genera and 40 genera of benthic foraminifera from the 6 stations. Biodiversity of planktonic foraminifera was categorized in a low category with a range of 0.198-0.525. However, biodiversity for benthic foraminifera was categorized in a high category with a range of 0.811-0.925. Dominance of planktonic foraminifera was medium to high with range of 0.474-0.802 which was assumed due to the sampling sites as an open waters. Meanwhile, dominance for benthic foraminifera was in a low category with range of 0.075-0.189. The most common planktonic foraminifera was found from Genus Globigerina (10538 individuals). While, the most abundant of benthic foraminifera was found from Genus Amphistegina (3134 individuals).  Keywords: abundance, foraminifera, sediment, and Makassar Strait
DEVELOPMENT OF DIGESTIVE ENZYMES ACTIVITY ON BLACK SADDLED CORAL GROUPER (Plectropomus laevis) LARVAE
Authors: Slamet Bejo , Aslianti Titiek
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTProtease, amylase, and lipase enzymes were used as biological indicators to measure larvae’s food digestion. The aim of this study was to describe digestive enzyme activity development of black saddled coral grouper (Plectropomus laevis) larvae. The just hatching larvae were reared in concrete tank 2x3x1 m3 with stocking density of 10 larvae/L. In the larval rearing media were added with Nanochloropsis oculata at 105 cel/ml started from 1 day old (D-1). The larvae was fed with rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis) at 10-20 ind/ml started from D-2 and artificial diet from D-10. To analyze  the protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes activities, samples were taken 0.5-1 g or about 1000 larvae on D-3, D-4, D-6, D-8 and 500 larvae on D-10, D-12, D-16, and D-20. The result showed that the protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes activity were positively correlated with the growth. Digestive enzymes activity was increased when larvae started on endogenous feeding (D-3), become down on D-6, stable on D-8 to D-10, increased on D-12, and reached the highest level on D-16. Digestive enzymes activity was higher when larvae started feeding with artificial diet compared to the larvae before feeding with artificial diet. Keywords:  digestive enzymes, development, larvae, blacksaddled coral grouper
PRODUCTION OF WHITE SHRIMP Litopenaeus vannamei IN FLOATING CAGE SYSTEM WITH DIFFERENT STOCKING DENSITY AT THOUSAND ISLAND STRAIT
Authors: Fendjalang Sophia N.M. , Budiardi Tatag , Supriyono Eddy , Effendi Irzal
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to analyze the survival rate, growth, and haemolymp glucose level of white shrimp as a physiological responses at floating cage cultured on different stock den-sity, in Seribu Islands Strait. White shrimp used in this study contained approximate weight of 1.0±0.06 g and length of 5.0±0.03 cm from Nusa Karamba Hatchery in Seribu Island. White shrimp was maintained in 90 days, feed with ±36.28 % protein content 4 times each day with feeding rate (FR) of 7%. Water qualities and shrimp growth measurements was conducted every 10 days. Haemolymph glucose sam-pling was performed in the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Result showed that treatment with stock densituy of 250 shrimp/m2 had a better survival rate of 30.33% and feed conversion ratio of 1.13 than other treatments. Phy-siological response in the form of glucose hemolim also showed a better response in the 250 ind./m2 stock density of 41.87 mg/dl indicating that the white shrimp did not experience a sig-nificant stress. Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei,  sea floating cages, stock density, strait waters, Seribu Islands.
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF FISH COMMUNITY BIOMASS IN COASTAL WATERS OF TANGERANG REGENCY, BANTEN
Authors: Dewi Nina Nurmalia , Kamal M Mukhlis , Wardiatno Yusli
Published: January 2018

Coastal waters of Tangerang Regency has abundant in fish resource including pelagic, demersal, and reef fish. This study was conducted to assess fish biomass variability and of fish community structure in coastal waters of Tangerang Regency which can be used as a basis in determining alternatives for sustainable fish resource management. This research was conducted in June and August 2013 in three locations i.e., Kronjo, Cituis, and Tanjung Pasir. Primary data collected were fish weight per species. Fish biomass from each locations was obtained using swept area method using trawl. The results showed that Kronjo region contained the highest total average biomass of fish. Temporally, total ave-rage biomass of fish in August was higher than in June for Kronjo and Cituis. Meanwhile, the con-trary occurred in Tanjung Pasir. This conditions occurred due to the high current and high wave in August than in June. In general, biomass of planktivorous was dominant during the study indicating overfishing lead to fishing down the food web in the Coastal waters of Tangerang Regency. Keywords: biomass, coastal waters of Tangerang Regency, spatial and temporal variability, swept area, over fishing.
EVALUATION OF MICROBIAL FLOC AND MICROALGAE Spirulina platensis COMBINATION FOR JUVENILE COBIA Rachycentron canadum DIETS ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES AFTER IMMERSION IN FRESHWATER
Authors: Saputra Suryadi , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Harris Enang , Setiawati Mia , Widanarni . , Antoro Suci
Published: January 2018

In marine aquaculture, immersing marine fish species in fresh water can remove ectoparasite that adhere to all over the fish body. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of combining microbial floc and microalgae Spirulina platensis in juvenile cobia diet on growth performance and stress responses after immersion in aerated fresh water for 15 minutes. The fishes were reared in concrete tanks for 40 days before collecting data on their growth performance. The stress response was determined by mea-suring both glucose and cortisol levels before (0 h) and after (1, 2, 4, 6, 24 hours) immersion. The fish-es fed on the 15% of combining microbial flock and microalgae Spirulina platensis diet showed the highest growth rate with the lowest feed conversion ratio compared to other treatments. The cortisol level of juvenile cobia in both the 15% and 30% combination of microbial floc and microalgae Spiru-lina platensis treatments did not increase during the first hour following the immersion compared to the control treatment. The glucose level also increased after one hour immersion in freshwater of all treatments. This indicated that feeding juvenile cobia on microbial flocs and microalgae diets had a retarding effect on the physiological responses (cortisol and glucose) after immersion in fresh water.Keywords: microbial, microalga, Spirulina, glucose, cortisol, stress, cobia
IMPROVEMENT METHOD OF GENE TRANSFER IN Kappaphycus alvarezii
Authors: Triana St. Hidayah , Alimuddin . , Widyastuti Utut , Suharsono . , Suryati Emma , Parenrengi Andi
Published: January 2018

Method of foreign gene transfer in red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii has been reported, however, li-mited number of transgenic F0 (broodstock) was obtained. This study was conducted to improve the method of gene transfer mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens in order to obtain high percentage of K. alvarezii transgenic. Superoxide dismutase gene from Melastoma malabatrichum (MmCu/Zn-SOD) was used as model towards increasing adaptability of K. alvarezii to environmental stress. The treat-ments were the culture media and recovery duration, and each treatment consisted of three replica-tions. The best method was co-cultivation using liquid media, then recovery was conducted in liquid media for 10 days. That treatment allowed higher transformation percentage (90%), regeneration effi-ciency (90%), putative bud efficiency (100%), number of buds and explants sprouted (100%) and transgenic explants (100%). The transgenic explants showed an amplification PCR product of Mm-Cu/Zn-SOD gene fragment, whereas the non-transgenic explants showed no amplification product.  All results revealed that suitable method of transgenesis for K. alvarezii has been developed. Keywords:       Agrobacterium tumefaciens, culture media, Kappaphycus alvarezii, recovery duration, transformation
TURBULENT MIXING PROCESSES IN LABANI CHANNEL, THE MAKASSAR STRAIT
Authors: Naulita Yuli
Published: January 2018

Study on turbulent mixing processes in Labani Channel, the Makassar Strait, was conducted by using the INSTANT (International Nusantara Stratification And Transport) program dataset, in Juli 2005. The turbulent mixing process was evaluated using Thorpe method, where the overturning eddies were revealed by density inversions in CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) profiles. All individual identified-overturn regions was validated by the GK’s test (Galbraith and Kelly test) where at first noise on CTD signals had been removed  by applying wavelet denoising.   A large number of overturn regions with Thorpe scale (LT) less than 0.5 m were detected in the thermocline layer of Makassar Strait. Based on linear relationship between Thorpe and Ozmidov scale, order of magnitude of the turbulent energy kinetic dissipation rate in Labani Channel was estimated about 10-11- 10-5Wkg-1 and density eddy diffusivity Kρ(10-6  – 10-2) m2/s . The strong of turbulen mixing was found at the layer of  NPSW at 150 m depth and NPIW at 300 m depth, indicated by high values of Kρ  (O = 10-3 – 10-2 m2s-1).  It reveals that turbulent mixing has an important role on determining ITF water mass character.  Keywoods: turbulent mixing, wavelet denoising, overturn region, Thorpe method, Labani Channel, Makassar Srait.
RESPONSIBLE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT OF MINI PURSE SEINE IN THE LAMPUNG BAY AREA
Authors: Tanjov Yulia Estmirar , Yusfiandayani Roza , Mustaruddin .
Published: January 2018

Lempasing is a Coastal Fishing Port (CFP) which located in Bandar Lampung. It is one of the centers of fisheries activities in the city. One of the fishing gear which operated by most of fishermen in Lempasing is mini purse seine. Mini purse seine fishing activities in the Lampung Bay Area and Lempasing CFP is not in accordance with the conditions of the surrounding waters area. The research was conducted in the Lampung Bay Area and Lempasing CFP, Lampung. This study aims to: 1) determine the status of fisheries resources utilization, 2) to describe the dominant fish caught by mini purse seine.  Analysis methods were used in this study namely: 1) Fishing Power Index (FPI), Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE), and Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) to determine the status of fisheries resource utilization. The dominant small pelagic fishes caught were scad fish Selaroides sp., mackerel fish Rastrelliger sp., longnose trevally fish Carangoides chrysophrys. The result showed that Fox model was the best fits models with estimated maximum sustainable yield of 15.5 ton and fishing effort of 992 trip/year for mini purse seine. The longnose trevally fish in lampung bay area in do not exceeded the optimal catch fish condition can be used to sustainably. In these condition is necessary to wisely manage and setting the catches to not exceed the allowable catch of the small pelagic fish, so the stock of small pelagic fish in the Lampung Bay Area can be used sustainably.
RATIO OF THE MAIN DIMENSIONS AND STATIC STABILITY TRADITIONAL PURSE SEINER IN PINRANG
Authors: Azis Muh. Arkam , Iskandar Budhi Hascaryo , Novita Yopi
Published: January 2018

The fishing vessel is the main vehicle of the fishermen to go to fishing ground and hauling purse seine especially fishing gear. Pinrang Regency ships traditionally built without calculation of naval architecture. Where the purse seine fishing gear in Pinrang Regency has length 330 m nets with a depth of 36 m. The purpose of this research was to examine the main dimension ratio in particular design and static stability of the vessel purse seine in Pinrang Regency. Method of using a case study on two types of vessels have different relative and analyzed by numerical simulation, calculate the ratio of the main dimensions and static stability. The results of this research are the vessels in Pinrang kasko model has the shape of a round bottom and slim body as well as the ratio of the dimensions of the vessels only L/D purse seine LOA 24 m more than the standard reference of vessels (encircling) in Indonesia and on the value of the static stability by the IMO, with a purse seine vessel Pinrang already has a good stability. However, in both types of vessel purse seine size 20 m that has better stability. Keywords: design, fishing vessel, purse seine, stability
WATER QUALITY OF POST CONTAMINATION OF MARINE DEBRIS IN THE KUTA BEACH OF BALI
Authors: Putra Aprizon , Husrin Semeidi
Published: January 2018

Kuta Beach of Bali is one of the top tourist destination for a vacation in Bali Island. The beauty of the beach with white sand, ocean waves are excellent for surfing, sunset, and tourism infrastructure which detailed makes very famous Kuta beach to foreign countries. However, in recent years the beauty of Kuta beach which has become an icon of tourism in Bali began plagued by high levels of contaminant of the marine debris on the beach, mainly contamination of the marine debris that often accumulate in Kuta beach every season West. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of water quality based the quality standards of sea water KMNLH Number 51 Years 2004 post contamination of the marine debris that occurred in the Kuta beach of Bali. The method used is to perform measurements using a "Water Quality Checker" at 8 measuring stations. Water quality parameters which measured, namely physical parameters (temperature, turbidity) and chemical parameters (pH, salinity, DO). The results showed a temperature with the range of value 29.10-29.40°C, turbidity with the value range 0.30-18.70 NTU, pH with the value range 8.10-8.15 DO with the value range 6.85-7.38 mg/L and salinity with the value range 30.60-30.90%o. Based on the measurement data obtained indicates conditions of the waters chemistry of still suitable and condition of the waters physical showed the value of the temperature is still suitable, except the turbidity value shows the value does not suitable in the station 1, 2 and 8. Keywords: Bali, water quality, Kuta Beach, marine debris
REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF SCALLOPED PERCHLET, Ambassis nalua (HAMILTON, 1822) IN PABEAN BAY INDRAMAYU, WEST JAVA
Authors: Arianti Nisha Desfi , Rahardjo M.F. , Zahid Ahmad
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTScalloped perchlet, Ambassis nalua,  is one of fishes in Pabean Bay, Indramayu. This research aims to determine the reproductive aspects of Ambassis nalua in Pabean Bay Indramayu including sex ratio, spawning season, first maturity, fecundity and spawning pattern. Fish samples were collected by trap net and trammel net at three sites in Pabean Bay from April to October 2015. A total of 424 of A. nalua were caught, consist of 114 males and 310 females; with total length ranged from 38.04 to 112.63 mm and total weight ranged from 0.37 to 25.44 g. Sex ratio of mature fish  was 1:1.9. The mature males and females were found in every month of sampling period. The gonado-somatic index (GSI) ranged from 0.40 to 0.83 and 2.36 to 4.54 for male and female, respectively. The peak of spawning season was found in September. The first maturity (Lm50) for male and female were 79.17 mm and 91.25 mm, respectively. The fecundity varied from 3,451–32,465 eggs. Egg diameter distribution shows that spawning pattern of A. nalua was batch spawner. Keywords: Ambassis nalua, spawning season, sex ratio, reproduction
POPULATION BIOLOGY OF MUD CRAB Scylla serrata - Forsskal, 1775 IN MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM OF SUBANG DISTRICT, WEST JAVA
Authors: Kumalah Ayu Annisa , Wardiatno Yusli , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad , Fahrudin Achmad
Published: January 2018

The study of population biology of mud crab Scylla serrata is necessary to analyse the population dynamics, such as growth of crabs, size distribution, mortality and exploitation rates of S. serrata. Population biology data collection was carried out from March to June 2016 at estuary and silvofishery areas of three stations (Mayangan, Tanjung Tiga and Blanakan villages). Data  were analyzed using analytical methods of FISAT-II (FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Toool II)instruments. The results showed the growth of S. serrata male in Subang distric was positive allometric and the female was negative allometric. Growth coefficient (K) ranged from 0.21 to 0.43 in the estuary and from 0.28 to 0.89 in silvofishery area. Exploitation rate in the silvofishery area has been above the maximum exploitation rate. The size distribution of S. serrata in Subang district has the highest frequency at class interval of 106-110 mm (male) and of 101-105 mm. The highest abundance of mature female crabs is in May.Keywords : population biology, Scylla serrata, Subang District
MODIFICATION AND REENGINEERING OF ELECTRONIC FISH AGGREGATING DEVICE AS A FISHING TOOLS BASED ON LED ILLUMINANCE
Authors: Baswantara Arif , Jaya Indra , Yusfiandayani Roza
Published: January 2018

Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs) is generally made from foliage like a leaf of coconut, palm and nut, but with the development of marine and fishing technology, the FADs could be made electronic ally. Electronic FADs had been developed by using light and sound as an attractor, and  was able to aggregate fish but the catch harvest was still relatively low compared with lift net lamp. In this paper we describe the recent development of electronic FADs. The new electronic FADs has 120 watts total power of LEDs as attractor, 12V 12Ah battery as the energy resources, and HDPE as the body of FADs. The lighting of the new is either blue – red light color (RE1) or red-white light color (RE2). The two kinds of lighting are tested and compared and its light distribution underwater case measured in term of the value of luminous flux. The results showed that new FADs work well in the water with light penetration of RE1 was better than RE2.  Keywords: FADs, instrument, fishing, light
INVENTORY AND DISTRIBUTION OF MOLLUSC IN CORAL REEF OF BACAN ISLAND WATERS, NORTH MALUKU PROVINCE
Authors: Cappenberg Hendrik A.W.
Published: January 2018

Bacan Island waters of North Maluku Province consisted of three main tropical ecosystems, namely mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef with the highest marine biodiversity. Mollusc is a group of marine fauna that most of them associated with coral reef.  However, little is known about their information in the Bacan Island due to lack of study conducted there. The purpose of this study is to observe the diversity and distribution of mollusc fauna in the coral reef flat of Bacan Island. Mollusc inventory was done using Rapid Reef Resource Assessment (RRA) method by snorkling in the reefs of east coast (25 sites) and west coast (10 sites) of Bacan Island. The molluscs found were directly identified into species level and recorded.  Results of inventory show that there are 47 species belong to 19 families with the family of Muricidae is the highest diversity (6 species), while the lowest are Buccinidae, Bursidae, Haliotidae, Olividae, Cardiidae, Isognomonidae and Spondylidae, respectively with only 1 species in each of those families. The highest species number of mollusc was distributed along the east coast of the island (40 species), and the lowest one was in the west coast (37 species). Some species such as Tridacna spp., Pinctada margaritifera and Pteria penguin are important species, because they have economical values. Keywords:       biodiversity, molluscs, coral reef, Bacan Island, North Maluku
DENSITY AND THE COVERAGE OF SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEM IN BAHOI VILLAGE COASTAL WATERS, NOTRH SULAWESI
Authors: Fahruddin Muh. , Yulianda Fredinan , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad
Published: January 2018

Physical seagrass ecosystem damage have been reported in various regions in Indonesia. Seagrass ecosystem damage is caused by human activity such as trampling seagrass and boats that muddy the waters and reduced the density and seagrass cover. This study aims to provide information about the density and the coverage of seagrass. The method used in this research is the transect method measuring 50x50 cm squared at three different locations by considering coastal ecosystems Bahoi village that already exist. Station 1 is near to mangrove habitat, station 2 is right on seagrass habitats, and station 3 is near to coral reef habitat. The results indicated there is six seagrass species that found in the Bahoi village which is Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila ovalis, and Halodule uninervis. The density and seagrass cover is shows that the station 1 has the highest density and seagrass cover percentage compared with the other stations. The highest density of seagrass species located in station 1 with 955 individuals/m2, and the lowest was located at station 3 with 699 individuals/m2. While the highest cover percentage is located at station 1 with 270% and the lowest located at station 3 with 229%. Keyword: seagrass ecosystem, density, coverage, Bahoi
THE EFFECT REPLACEMENT OF OXYGEN ON TRANSPORTATION SEEDS GROUPER WITH CLOSED SYSTEM
Authors: Ismi Suko
Published: January 2018

The location of grouper aquaculture are usually far from the seed source so it takes a long time to transport the seeds. The research purposes was to extend the time by replacing oxygen so the seeds can reach the destination that is located far away with high survival and healthy condition. Previously conducted preliminary research that is transportation with a different length of time 24 hours; 36 hours; 48 hours and 60 hours.  The best results of the preliminary study are 24 hour transport which is then used in the main research.  In the main study, fish seeds were transported for 24 hours later, oxygen was replaced by: oxygen in disposable plastic bags replaced with new oxygen. Then repackaged to continue transport up to 12 hours; 24 hours; 36 hours and 48 hours. Trasportation conducted with closed system with car. Seeds used were cantik grouper hybrid seed i.e., a crossbreed between female tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) and male marbled grouper (Epinephelus microdon), a size of 7.0 ± 0.54 cm, with a density of 125 fish / boxes. Grouper seeds were packed with 0.8 mm thick plastic bags, 120cm x 53cm wide, filled with 10 liters of sea water, oxygen is added with a volume ratio of water: oxygen is 1: 3, then put in 75 x 40 x 30 cm styrofoam box. The best result is after fish is transported 24 hours, then replaced oxygen and transported again for 24 hours, so that transportation time can be extended up to 48 hours, with survival rate 98.4%.                                                                                                 Keywords: grouper seeds, oxygen replacement, transportation
ECONOMIC VALUATION OF MANGROVES FOREST RESOURCES IN REGENCY OF BANGGAI DAN BANGGAI ISLAND CENTRAL SULAWESI
Authors: Putranto Sugeng , Zamani Neviaty P. , Sanusi Harpasis S. , Riani Etty , Fahrudin Achmad
Published: January 2018

This study aims to determine how big the value of the total economic benefits of mangrove forest by using the concept of economic valuation to calculate the value of the benefits of natural resources which exist in 9 District of Banggai Regency and Banggai Island Regency located in Peleng Strait Costal Area there are: District of Batui Selatan, Batui, Luwuk Timur, Lamala, Masama, Balantak, Bualemo (in Banggai Regency Area) and District of Buko and Buko Selatan (Banggai Island Regency). The research was conducted in August to November 2016, by conducting field observations and interviews directly to the community and local government. Based on the results obtained that indicate the area of mangrove forest ecosystems in Peleng Strait Costal Area with a broad ± 167 ha, have total value of economic benefits amounted Rp 26,591,841,888/year with the largest contributor to the value of benefits is from the value of indirect benefits that is the value of the benefits of mangrove forests as a buffer abrasion or sea water waves is about Rp 16.030.000.000. The total value of economic benefits can be used as a reference or basic comparison for the community and the government in determining the policy management and utilization of existing mangrove forests. Keywords: mangrove forest ecosystems, benefits value, economicvaluation
SUSPENDED SOLID LOAD OF KAWAL AND GALANG BATANG RIVERS, AND ITS DISTRIBUTION AT GUNUNG KIJANG COASTAL AREA, EAST DISTRICT OF BINTAN
Authors: Rositasari Ricky , Supriadi Indarto Happy , Iswari Marindah Yulia
Published: January 2018

The research aimed to discover the runoff suspended solid load of Gunung Kijang estuary to coastal area, East District of Bintan. The research was held in May and September 2015. The total suspended solid (TSS) load in five estuaries was measured on May. On September, measurement was focused in two biggest estuaries, Kawal and Galang Batang. The TSS in coastal water area was measured both on May and September. Regarding to five estuaries measured, the lowest TSS came from Angus River while the highest comes from Kawal River. TSS load in May on both estuary were lower than in September. Suspended solid load at the lowest tide period was higher than at the highest tide at both estuaries. In May TSS load in the Kawal estuary was 528.723 mg/sc and Galang Batang estuary was 172.903 mg/sc. In September TSS load in the Kawal estuary was 720.920 mg/sc while Galang Batang estuary was 446.893 mg/sc. These results indicate that tidal patterns and current were major influence on the TSS load in estuaries. Keywords : Bintan, coastal water, estuary, load, TSS
VARIATION OF VOLUME TRANSPORT AND VARIABILITY OF CURRENT IN KARIMATA AND GASPAR STRAITS DURING 2010-2014 BASED ON NUMERICAL MODELING
Authors: Anwar Iwan P. , Putri Mutiara R. , Setiawan Agus
Published: January 2018

Karimata Strait located between Kalimantan and Bangka Islands, while Gaspar Strait located between Bangka and Belitung Islands. Volume transport variations through Karimata and Gaspar Straits during 2010-2014 were studied using three-dimensional numerical model of HAMburg Shelf Ocean Model (HAMSOM). Simulated area is located in 1°0′0′′N - 4°30′0′′N and 104°0′15′′E - 110°30′0′′E with a horizontal resolution of 0.5′ (about 0.94 km). The correlations value of current velocity from model with observation is quite high i.e. 0.85 for zonal component (u) and 0.89 for meridional (v) with 95% of significance level. The results of signal analysis showed that the volume transport is strongly influenced by the seasonal period. In addition to seasonal wind, there was also weak and medium phase of El Niño and La Niña during 2010 - 2014 that affected volume transport. The average volume transport from 2010-2014 through Karimata and Gaspar Straits are -2.75 Sv and -1.98 Sv, respectively (1 Sv = 106 m3/s). The negative value shows the southward volume transport, while positive to north. Total transport to south indicates that there are may be due to parts of Indonesia Through Flow (ITF) flow through South China Sea, Karimata Strait, and Gaspar Strait to the Java Sea.Keywords: volume transport, Karimata Strait, Gaspar Strait
STATUS PENANGKAPAN IKAN HIAS DI KEPULAUAN SERIBU TAHUN 2007-2009 (The Status of Ornamental Reef Fish Catch in Seribu Islands (2007-2009))
Authors: Idris Idris , Setyawan E. , Mardesyawati A.
Published: January 2018

Marine ornamental reef fish trade is a huge industry with trade value USD 200-350 million/ year. Seribu Islands, Jakarta is one of the main ornamental reef fish catch area in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to compare ornamental fishing activities with total allowable catch (TAC). Ornamental reef fish catch data were collected from fishermen annually within 2007-2009, while reef fish population data are collected using underwater visual census every two years. The results showed that the total catch of 18 marine ornamental reef fish species exceeded TAC in 2007. Then there were 22 species in 2008 and 17 species of marine ornamental fish in 2009 that their catches were more than TAC. In addition, fish that are always included in the ten highest caught fish within 3 years were Cryptocentrus cinctus, Pomacentrus alleni, Pterosynchiropus splendidus, Premnas biaculeatus, and Amphiprion ocellaris. Their catches exceeded TAC.

Key words: Marine ornamental fish, Seribu Islands, Total Allowable Catch (TAC)
Isothermal sections of the Co–Ni–Ti system at 950 and 1 000 °C
Authors: Li Han , Zhou Peng , Du Yong , Jin Zhanpeng
Published: January 2018

The isothermal sections of the Co–Ni–Ti system at 950 and 1 000 °C were investigated experimentally. Diffusion couples were measured by electron probe microanalysis to construct the phase relations at 950 °C, whereas eleven key alloys annealed at 1 000 °C were investigated using X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. The ternary phase, τ-(Co,Ni)3Ti (hP24-VCo3), was observed at both temperatures. At 950 °C, continuous solid solutions are formed between CoTi2 and NiTi2 as well as between CoTi and NiTi. Eight 3-phase regions, i. e. Ni3Ti + (Co,Ni)Ti + τ, Ni3Ti + γ-(Co,Ni) + τ, τ + c-Co2Ti + (Co,Ni)Ti, τ + c-Co2Ti + Co3Ti, τ + Co3Ti + γ-(Co,Ni), c-Co2Ti + h-Co2Ti + Co3Ti, L + β-(Ti) + (Co,Ni)Ti2 and L + (Co,Ni)Ti2 + (Co,Ni)Ti, were constructed at 1 000 °C. Considerable ternary solubilities in Ni3Ti, Co3Ti and c-Co2Ti were determined.
Microstructure and magnetic properties of iron–cobalt-based alloys processed by metal injection moulding
Authors: Ma Jidong , Qin Mingli , Ding Xiangying , Khan Dil Faraz , Zhang Houan
Published: January 2018

Fe–Co-based soft magnetic alloys with excellent magnetic properties were prepared by metal injection moulding and hot isostatic pressing. The effect of processing parameters on microstructure and magnetic properties of the alloy were investigated. Good magnetic performance of Fe-50 %Co alloy with a maximum permeability of 9550, saturation induction of 2.42 T, and coercive force of 68.14 A m–1 was achieved. Hot isostatic pressing processing resulted in a near-full density and the achieved saturation induction exceeded the reported value (1.99 to 2.26 T) of Fe-50 %Co produced by metal injection moulding.
Intermetallic precipitation in rare earth-treated A413.1 alloy: A metallographic study
Authors: Samuel Agnes M. , Doty Herbert W. , Valtierra Salvador , Samuel Fawzy H.
Published: January 2018

The present study was performed mainly on A413.1 alloy. Measured amounts of La, Ce or La+Ce, Ti and Sr were added to the molten alloy in the form of master alloys. Samples sectioned from castings obtained from thermal analysis experiments were used for preparing samples for metallographic examination. The results show that addition of rare earth (RE) metals to Al–Si alloys increased the α-Al nucleation temperature and depressed the Al-Si eutectic formation temperature, thereby increasing the solidification range. Depending upon the alloying elements/additives, a large number of RE-based intermetallics could be formed: Al4(Ce,La), Al13(Ce,La)2Cu3, Al7(Cu,Fe)6(Ce,La)6Si2, Al4La, Al2La5Si2, Al2Ce5Si2, Al2(Ce,La)5Si2. Under an electron microscope, these phases appear in backscatter imaging mode in the form of thin grayish-white platelets on the dark gray Al matrix. The average thickness of these platelets is about 1.5 μm. When the alloy is grain refined with Ti-based master alloys, precipitation of a gray phase in the form of sludge is observed: Al12La3Ti2, or Al12(Ce,La)3Ti2. Regardless the alloy composition, the RE/Al ratios remain constant in each type of intermetallic. Rare earth metals have a strong affinity to react with Sr (resulting in partial modification of the eutectic Si particles) as well as some transition elements, in particular Ti and Cu. Iron has a very low affinity for interaction with RE metals. It is only confined to Fe-based intermetallics.