bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychometric Characteristics of the Mini-Mental State Examination among Older Chinese Immigrants
Authors:   1School of Social Work, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,   2General Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,   3School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA,   4Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USA
Published: October 2021

Backgrounds: The recent growth of older adult immigrants and the increased burden of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) call for validation of the assessment tools and timely detection of cognitive impairment. In particular, older Chinese Americans are among the fastest growing populations in the U.S., who are at high risk for delayed diagnosis and deficient management of ADRD due to limited knowledge of dementias and barriers to healthcare access. The value of the MMSE as a screening tool in detecting ADRD is well documented in western countries. Yet, little is known about the psychometric characteristics of a Chinese version of the MMSE (CMMSE) in older Chinese immigrants, whose cognitive test performances may relate to cultural and linguistic differences. Purpose: The study aims to assess factor structure and psychometric properties of CMMSE among older Chinese immigrants in the United States. Methods: Participants were recruited from the greater Chicago area in the Population-based Study of Chinese Elderly (PINE). The sample included 3,126 respondents aged 60 or over, who selected Chinese dialects in completing face-to-face interviews. A bifactor analysis was conducted to test unidimensionality of the CMMSE. Rasch modeling was used to assess scale properties. Age, sex, and education were tested for differential item functioning (DIF). Results: A bifactor analysis identified a unidimensional general factor with 30 items, reflecting a single underlying construct of cognitive capacity. We also found five concurrent subdomains with 19 items. The general factor explained 71 percent of the variance in the CMMSE. The Rasch model provided evidence of construct validity with acceptable item fit statistics. The DIF analysis showed that item biases were generally negligible. Conclusion: The CMMSE appeared to be a valid, reliable screening instrument for cognitive impairment in the US Chinese older adults. Findings provided support for the use of the CMMSE in detecting cognitive impairment among older Chinese immigrants. Although the five-factor solution has been replicated, item compositions of subdomains remain controversial. Future efforts are needed to improve neuropsychological assessment accuracy by developing a culturally and linguistically appropriate assessment tool in minority older populations.
Impact of Knowledge of Natural Sciences on ENEM Performance: Considerations about Scientific and Technological Inequality to Social Justice
Authors: Navarro Diego , Ianello Matheus , Muneratto Felipe , Watanabe Graciella
Published: October 2021

This paper sets out from the perspective sociology of education and sociology of science, aiming: analyze the performance of students in nature sciences compared to other areas of knowledge in the National High School Exam; analyze the performance of candidates from public schools and private schools; present preliminary considerations that indicate how the presence of scientific laboratories in schools show some evidence of improvement in performance. The debate goes through by mobilizing the concept of scientific inequality and cultural goodwill to propose an interpretation of data that allows a comparison between the performance in natural sciences of students from several school systems by comparative analysis among public and private schools. The data selection it reports on the microdata of the National High School Exam (ENEM) — 2017 edition — which was investigated the results of students from the final year (senior year) who scores between 600 and 1000 points in natural sciences in order to compare these results with other areas of knowledge. The data show that students from public schools have proportionally more significant performance (between fields of knowledge) in hard sciences (and writing) than students from private schools. In addition, it is found in this range of score of the analysis a disproportion of representativeness of students from public schools on objection of private ones that can be interpreted as a marked characteristic of social and educational inequality in the country.
Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin başarılarını etkileyen unsurlar üzerine öğretici görüşleri
Authors: DEMİREL Ahmet , YALÇIN Çiğdem
Published: October 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı öğreticilerin görüşlerinden hareketle yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin öğrenme başarısında etkin rol oynayan unsurların ortaya çıkarılmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimine yönelik deneyimi olan öğreticilerin görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgubilim desenine uygun bir şekilde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi alanında en az bir yıl deneyimi olan sekiz katılımcı yer almıştır. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler aracılığı ile elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öğreticilere göre yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin başarısını etkileyen altı temel unsur belirlenmiştir. Bu temel unsurlar; öğrencinin özellikleri, öğreticinin özellikleri, kullanılan materyaller, dilsel benzerlikler, geri bildirimler ve öğrenme ortamlarıdır. Öğreticilere göre Türkçe öğrenenlerin başarısını etkileyen öğrenci özellikleri arasında öğrencinin kişilik özellikleri, birden çok dil bilmesi, eğitim durumu, kendi dilindeki yeterliliği, kültürel donanımı ve uyumu, psikolojisi, teknolojik yeterliliği, tutumu, motivasyonu ve kaygısı, yaşı ve özerkliği yer almaktadır. Türkçe öğrenenlerin başarısını etkileyen öğretici özellikleri arasında ise öğreticinin yaşı, eğitim durumu, alan bilgisi, kişilik özellikleri, kültürel donanımı, pedagojik yeterliliği, psikolojisi, teknolojik yeterliliği, tutumu ve motivasyonu bulunmaktadır. Türkçe öğrenenlerin başarısını etkileyen diğer bir unsur ders kitapları, teknolojik araçlar, etkileşimli kitaplar ve otantik materyaller gibi kullanılan materyallerdir. Alfabe benzerlikleri, dil bilgisel benzerlikler ve sözcük benzerlikleri gibi dilsel benzerlikler de başarıyı etkileyen unsurlar arasında yer almaktadır. Bununla birlikte geri bildirimler de başarıyı etkileyen bir diğer unsur olarak belirlenmiştir. Son olarak öğreticilere göre sosyal çevre, sınıf ortamı ve otantik ortamlar da yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenenlerin başarısını etkilemektedir.
Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde aktarım etkinlikleri ve stratejileri
Authors: ÖZBAL Bayram
Published: October 2021

Diller İçin Avrupa Ortak Öneriler Çerçevesi (AOÖÇ) tam metin olarak yayımlandığı 2001 yılından itibaren tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde referans metinlerden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. AOÖÇ’de yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde dinleme, konuşma, okuma ve yazma olarak isimlendirilen dört temel dil becerisi algılama, üretim ve etkileşim etkinlikleri adı altında isimlendirilmeye başlanmıştır. AOÖÇ’nin 2020 yılında Tamamlayıcı Cilt ismiyle yayımlanan son baskısında dördüncü dil etkinliği olarak aktarım (mediation) etkinliği eklenerek ayrıntılı şekilde ele alınmış ve bu etkinlik türü için tanımlayıcı ölçekler geliştirilmiştir. Bu nedenle yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretimi alanı için de yeni etkinlik türü olan bu dil etkinliğinin tanıtılması önem arz etmektedir. Literatür taraması yönteminden yararlanılarak hazırlanmış bu derleme çalışmasında, aktarım etkinliği ile ilgili yapılmış çalışmaların ve özellikle de Avrupa Konseyinin bu bağlamda yayınlarının derlenerek değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında aktarım etkinliği; tanımı, diğer etkinlik türleriyle ilişkisi, aktarım ve çeviri arasındaki farklar, aktarım modelleri, aktarım etkinliklerinden metin aktarım ve stratejileri başlıkları altında incelenerek kavramsal bir çerçeve çizilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları dilsel aktarım etkinliklerinin; belirli bilgiyi aktarma, verileri açıklama, metin işleme, yazılı bir metni çevirme, not alma, yaratıcı metinlere kişisel görüş bildirme ve yaratıcı metinlerin analizi-eleştirisi olmak üzere yedi başlıkta ele alındığını ortaya koymaktadır.
Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde öğrenen ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesine ilişkin yapılan çalışmalar üzerine bir değerlendirme
Authors: KİBAR Eda
Published: October 2021

Türkçe, yurt içinde ve yurt dışında yabancı dil olarak öğretilmektedir. Öğrenenlerin eğitim ortamlarına etkin olarak katılımlarının sağlanması için öğrenen ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Yabancı dil öğrenme bağlamında ihtiyaçların belirlenmesi, öğrenenlerin tercihleri ve ihtiyaçları hakkında sistematik olarak bilgi toplama, bilgileri yorumlama ve sonrasında bu ihtiyaçları karşılamaya yönelik karar verme sürecidir. İhtiyaç analizi, derslerin düzenlenmesinde ilk adımdır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı da Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde öğrenen ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesine ilişkin alan yazındaki çalışmaların incelenip bir araya toplanması; bu ihtiyaçların ülkelere göre hangi alt boyutlarda yoğunlaştığının tespit edilmesidir. Alan yazında Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde öğrenen ihtiyaçlarının analizi konusunun ele alındığı 2012- 2019 yılları arasında hazırlanmış 9 makale ve 4 yüksek lisans tezi araştırma kapsamına dahil edilmiştir. Tarama yapılırken GOOGLE SCHOLAR veri tabanı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya dahil edilen 13 çalışmanın incelenmesi için nitel araştırma desenlerinden doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalarda toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırma alan yazında bu konuda yapılmış 13 çalışmadan elde edilen veriler ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler değerlendirildiğinde 10 ülke (Bosna-Hersek, Kosova, İran, Polonya, Gürcistan, Türkiye, Mısır, Afganistan, Hindistan, Cibuti) üzerine ihtiyaç analizi araştırması yapıldığı görülmüştür. Araştırma yapılan ülkelerde Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenlerin dil ihtiyaçlarının ülkelere göre farklı alt boyutlarda yoğunlaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmaların yayın yılına bakıldığında 2012 – 2019 yılları arasında yapıldıkları görülmüştür.
Phytochemical Screening and In-Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Various Extracts of Helichrysum petiolare Hilliard & B.L. Burtt used for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Adebowale  Emmanuel Aladejana  , Graeme Bradley  , Anthony Jide Afolayan
Published: October 2021

The phytochemical contents of the acetone, ethanol, and boiled and cold aqueous whole-plant extracts of Helichrysum petiolare were determined using standard phytochemical reaction methods. ABTS, DPPH, NO and TAC assays were used to evaluate their antioxidant properties. This study reported the highest total phenolic content (212,963 mg/g) in the boiled aqueous extract, while the ethanol had the highest flavonoid (172.393 mg/g) and proanthocyanidin contents (65.855 mg/g). Alkaloids, flavonols, and saponin were highest in the acetone extract, while the cold aqueous extract had the lowest phytochemical content. Among the extracts, the boiled aqueous extract had the highest DPPH•+ (IC50 0.02 mg/mL) and ABTS•+ (IC50 0.07) inhibition capacities, while the ethanol extract exhibited the highest NO• Inhibition (IC50 0.41 mg/mL) and TAC (IC50 0.19 mg/mL). These findings justify the use of H. petiolare in traditional medicine and further recommend the ethanol and boiled aqueous extracts of the plant as more effective extracts for medicinal treatment.
Removal of a bullet lying between carotid arteries, following a gunshot injury
Authors: Athina Zarachi  , Ioannis Komnos  , Victoria Tsoumani  , Artemis Andrianopoulou  , Christina Naka  , Angelos Liontos  , Ioannis Kastanioudakis  , Dimitrios Chatzis
Published: October 2021

Gunshot injuries can be very threatening to the patient's life. A bullet in the neck area after a gunshot usually causes tissue damage and bleeding because of the presence of vital structures in this region. We present the case of a young man that arrived emergently to our hospital because of gunshot injury in the right neck area and the right shoulder. He was hemodynamically stable, with no laryngeal edema or hematoma. The cervical radiography showed a foreign body lying on the right side of the spine, in front of the third cervical vertebra. The CT scanning revealed a metallic foreign body, lying between the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery, without causing bleeding in the surrounding tissues. A bullet was also found in the right shoulder area. A barium esophagography showed no contrast agent escape. An emergency operation was performed, under general anesthesia. The metallic bullet was found under an enlarged submandibular lymph node and was removed. The bullet removal caused vessel intraoperative bleeding, that was repaired satisfactory. No postoperative complications were noticed and patient was discharged home.
PENYULUHAN PENGOLAHAN PASCA PANEN CABE KELOMPOK TANI PERINTIS DI KOTA PAGAR ALAM
Authors: Irmeilyana Irmeilyana , Hanum Laila , Affandi Azhar Kholiq , Ngudiantoro Ngudiantoro , Windusari Yuanita
Published: October 2021

Kota Pagar Alam dikenal sebagai salah satu sentra penghasil kopi robusta, perkebunan teh milik PTPN, buah-buahan seperti jeruk dan alpukat, serta penghasil produk hortikultura termasuk cabe. Hasil panen hortikultura dipasarkan langsung ke pengepul untuk dibawa ke pasar-pasar, baik pasar di Kota Pagar Alam, maupun dikirim ke luar daerah. Khalayak sasaran adalah istri-istri anggota Kelompok Tani Perintis, yang semuanya merupakan ibu rumah tangga dan membantu pekerjaan suami di kebun. Peranan wanita dalam keluarga sangat signifikan dalam meningkatkan produktivitas lahan pertanian kopi di Pagar Alam. Tujuan kegiatan PPM ini adalah untuk mengenalkan packaging produk cabe segar dan produk olahan pasca panen cabe melalui penyuluhan serta pengenalan cara sistem pemasaran secara digital. Setelah kegiatan penyuluhan selesai, keberlanjutan kegiatan dapat dievalusi pelaksanaannya melalui komunikasi online dengan support, sharing informasi, masukan-masukan, tanya jawab, dan diskusi. Hasil kegiatan PPM ini masih sebatas penyuluhan tentang pengenalan produk olahan cabe dan cara pemasaran digital. Tim pelaksana dan khalayak berbagi resep sambal beserta hasil produknya. Keterlibatan mahasiswa dan alumni sangat bermanfaat bagi mahasiswa/alumni dalam berkontribusi pada masyarakat dan juga membantu dalam kelancaran kegiatan.  Karena khalayak berlatar belakang menekuni usaha tani hortikultura dan kopi, maka khalayak juga sangat tertarik diskusi tentang cara pemeliharaan tanaman hortikultura dan kebun kopi. Mereka mempunyai ketergantungan yang tinggi kepada tengkulak,  sehingga pendekatan untuk menumbuhkan jiwa wirausaha (enterpreneur) harus dilakukan secara bertahap.
Противовоспалительная активность комплекса рутина с глицирризиновой кислотой
Authors: Баратов К. Р. , Махмудов Л. У. , Якубов Р. А. , Выпова Н. Л. , Абдугафурова Д. Г. , Назирова Э. Р. , Тагайалиева Нигора Абдунабиевна
Published: October 2021

Использование комплексов лекарственных веществ для доставки лекарственных препаратов предлагается для решения проблемы плохой растворимости высокоэффективных соединений, в том числе и флавоноида рутина, обладающего широким спектром фармакологических эффектов. Определение эффективной дозы препаратов, вводимых внутрь, проводили на модели каррагенинового отека у крыс в диапазоне доз: рутин — 5 – 200 мг/кг, комплекс глицирризиновой кислоты с рутином (ГК/Рут) — 5 – 100 мг/кг с измерением величины отека через 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 и 24 ч. Оптимальная доза для рутина составила 100 мг/кг (отек через 3 ч — 52,30 ± 5,3 % от исходного уровня, p < 0,05); для ГК/Рут — 5 мг/кг (отек через 3 ч — 44,80 ± 2,9 % от исходного уровня, p < 0,01). При равной острой токсичности обоих препаратов (LD50 > 10000 мг/кг) терапевтический индекс ГК/Рут в 20 раз выше, чем для рутина.
Arıcıların Arılıklarda Kullandığı Farklı Malzemeler Mikrobiyal Bir Rezervuar Kaynağı Olabilir Mi?
Authors: KUTLU Mehmet Ali , ÖZDEMİR Fethi Ahmet , GUL Abdurrahman
Published: October 2021

Arı hastalıkları hem yavru hem de ergin dönemlerde arıları etkilemektedir. Bu hastalıkların birçoğunun nedeni bakteriyel kökenlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, arılıklarda kullanılan el demiri, körük, eldiven, arı besleme aparatları, çerçeveler, örtü bezleri, kovan içi çerçeve taşıma alanları ve kovan kapaklarının mikrobiyal hastalıklar yönünden bir rezervuar kaynağı olup olmadıklarının belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla Bingöl ili Solhan, Karlıova ve Ilıcalar bölgesinde bulunan 27 farklı arılık ziyaret edilerek örnekler toplanmıştır. Toplanan örnekler laboratuvara getirilerek mikrobiyolojik ve biyokimyasal yöntemler kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Örneklerin % cinsinden ortalama mikrobiyal üreme oranları, katalaz ve metil red pozitif ve negatiflik durumları tespit edilmiştir. Her üç bölgeden toplanan el demiri, körük, eldiven ve arı besleme aparatlarının tamamında % 100 oranında mikrobiyal bir üremenin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Solhan bölgesindeki çerçeve örneklerinin %86.4’ ünde, Karlıova ve Ilıcalar bölgesindeki çerçeve örneklerinde ise sırası ile %92.8 ve %89.6 oranlarında ortalama bir mikroorganizma üremesinin olduğu gözlenmiştir. Solhan, Karlıova ve Ilıcalar bölgesindeki örtü bezlerinde ise sırası ile %91.4, %89.7, %96.7 oranlarında mikroorganizma üremesinin olduğu, kovan içi çerçeve taşıma alanlarından alınan örneklerde sırası ile %93.4, %87.8, %93.5 oranlarında mikroorganizma üremesinin gerçekleştiği, kovan kapaklarında ise bu oranın sırası ile %94.5, %90.8, %88.9 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Solhan bölgesinden toplanan örneklerde üreyen mikroorganizmaların katalaz negatif, metil red pozitif olduğu saptanmışken, Karlıova ve Ilıcalar bölgesinden toplanan örneklerde durumun tam tersi olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak arıcıların kullandıkları el demiri, körük, eldiven, arı besleme aparatları, çerçeveler, örtü bezleri, kovan içi çerçeve taşıma alanları ve kovan kapaklarında zengin bir mikroorganizma varlığı saptanmış ve kullanılan bu malzemelerin mikrobiyal bir rezervuar kaynağı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Arıcılar arı hastalıklarının koloniler arasında yayılmasını engellemek için kullanılan bu malzemeleri dezenfekte ettikten sonra kullanmalıdır.
THE CHANGE OF PROPERTIES OF BROWN FOREST SOILS IN 10 YEARS ON THE TRACK “SKOLE − PARASHKA” (NPP “SKOLIVSKI BESKYDY”, UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS)
Authors: Lenevych Oksana , Pankiv Zinoviy
Published: October 2021

Carry out monitoring of the track “Skole−Parashka” by the main five criteria of degradation of the natural environment: 1) width track (І category: to 0,5 m, “Unchanged track”; II category: to 1 m, “Little−changed track”; III category: 2−3 m “Endangered track”; IV category: to 5 m “Devastated track”; V category: over 5 m, “Strongly devastated track”); 2) presence of additional/parallel paths; 3) soil density; 4) quantitative and qualitative changes in vegetation (meadow ecosystems), presence/absence of forest litter (forest ecosystems); 5) the growth of erosion processes and the microrelief of the trail. It was found that for 10 years of exploitation by tourist track “Skole − Parashka” the width of the trail increased by 0,3–1,2 m. Reveal changes in soil over physical, water-physical, physicо-chemical and biotic properties of brown forest soils. The bulk density of soil structure on trails during 2012−2014 increased by approximately 32 % compared to the control, and after 10 years it increased − to 38 %. To reveal within the roadside an increase in soil bulk density from 1,07 to 1,17 g•cm-³ for 2019−2021 years. An increase in the density of the solid phase was recorded. The results of which are characteristic of the Hp horizon of brown forest soils. On the track porosity total to appraise “unsatisfactory”. For 10 years of recreational use of the track, the water permeability on the trails has not changed and was 0,07 and 0,06 mm•min-¹ according to the periods of the study (2012-2014 and 2019-2021). Within the roadside water permeability in 2012−2014 decreased by 60−80%, then in 2019−2021 years water permeability decreased by more than 90%. The actual water permeability of the soil during the downpour rains causes the intensification of surface runoff on the trail. On the track reveal abatement C organic. On the roadside track when lay to plane surface C organic unchanged within a years (2012−2014 and 2019−2021) and even was outstanding within a control. The increase C organic on the roadside is a result of “penetration” of the crushed fractions of forest litter into the H horizon during trampling and is not the result of biochemical processes. On the track increase of soil reaction (pH 5,0) while in the control pH 4,0. As to the biotic activity parameters, among the most significant are the catalase activity indices which are mostly determined by the density of the soil structure and water permeability.
Key words: soil bulk density; water permeability; C organic; biotic activity; recreation influence; monitoring; NPP “Skolivski Beskydy”.
HISTORY OF THE SOLOTVYNO HOLLOW OF TRANSCARPATHIA RELIEF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kravchuk Yaroslav , Chalyk Vasyl
Published: October 2021

The analysis of four stages of relief development is done, which created the corresponding complexes within the Solotvyno hollow. The main attention is paid to the morphostructural and morphosculptural features. The morphostructures of the third and fourth orders are distinguished. Among the elements of morphosculpture the main attention is paid to denudation and denudation-accumulative surfaces (Kycherska, Skrydeyska, Boronyavska). The role of the new technological movements in the formation of these surfaces and river valleys was rated.
The second stage of the upper baden is associated with the retreat of the sea basin and the division of the land into mountains. The main features of the modern relief were formed in the Pliocene Pleistocene stage - a river network with a complex of terraces, denudation and denudation-accumulative surfaces, quest forms in the marginal zone.
Age of the Kicherska denudation surface is pannon-pont. According to the palynological analysis, the estimated age of the Skrydei denudation-accumulative surface is upper pliocene-lower pleistocene. The age of the Boronyava surface is considered to be Eopleistocene, and pebbles of metamorphic rocks are present in its alluvium (up to 5%).
In the modern period, newer differentiated tectonic movements have become more active, which have contributed to the active manifestation of exogenous processes: erosion, landslides, and halogen karst.
Key words: denudation and denudation-accumulative surfaces; power of ancient alluvium; modern morphodynamic processes.
Factors Affecting Students' Dropout Rate During COVID-19
Authors: Shuja Anita , Ali Prof. Dr. Akhtar , Khan Sana Shuja Ahmad , Burki Shafiqa Bilal , Buki Shaham Bilal
Published: October 2021

Education has
always been considered as the linchpin for a country’s economic and social
development. The dropout rate in schools especially in third-world countries
has always been a problematic issue and the situation has further been worsened
by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study primarily aims at studying the factors
affecting the school dropout rate during pandemic. Lockdown is the first step
that any country starts to adopt for the safety of its general public. This
severely affects the masses' financial conditions, especially for the parents
of students at risk, as the dropout rate increases with financial
pressures. The slogan “stay home stay
safe” has further aggravated the fear of the parents to send their children out
and attend schools. The data for the study was collected from twenty public and
private schools of two divisions, including seven districts of the province of
Punjab, Pakistan, using interviews of policymakers, parents of dropouts,
teachers, and students. The study is corollary to several issues already
highlighted in various other articles to transpire the details of drop-out
rates in developing countries in general and Pakistan in particular. The study
revealed financial conditions, lockdown effects, mode of learning, government
policies, fear of death, the psyche of the parents, socio-cultural effects, the
role of teachers and administrators, most affected level, contributory factors
were amongst the major factors. Finally, the study will analyze the effects of
dropout and will help suggest measures to control the dropout rate in Pakistan
in particular and third world countries in general.
Imagining a Writing Centre for Meeting Student Needs
Authors: Raina Jyoti
Published: October 2021

This research is an exploratory
study of pre-service teacher education students need for learning support in
writing. The participants were 81 student-teachers enrolled for a Bachelor’s of
Elementary Education (B.El.Ed.) degree programme at Department of Elementary
Education at University of Delhi. The
study was data-driven as the need was explored by administering a questionnaire
to student-teacher participants. The focus was on gathering empirical data on what
their perceived writing needs were and how these could be addressed. The
participant responses overwhelmingly articulated a gap between their writing
skills and the writing demands of their curriculum. The need for creating a
writing centre (henceforth WC) aimed at learning support for writing was
reported while also explicating the nature of support that students seek. The
findings demonstrate necessity, benefits and wide-ranging value of
establishment of a WC at undergraduate institutions of teacher education. This
is a pressing student need that begs the attention of educational
administrators, policy-makers and higher education faculty in the global south.
Citizen science project reveals novel fusarioid fungi (Nectriaceae, Sordariomycetes) from urban soils
Authors: Crous P.W. , Hernández-Restrepo M. , van Iperen A.L. , Starink-Willemse M. , Sandoval-Denis M. , Groenewald J.Z.
Published: October 2021

Soil fungi play a crucial role in soil quality and fertility in being able to break down organic matter but are frequently also observed to play a role as important plant pathogens. As part of a Citizen Science Project initiated by the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute and the Utrecht University Museum, which aimed to describe novel fungal species from Dutch garden soil, the diversity of fusarioid fungi (Fusarium and other fusarioid genera), which are members of Nectriaceae (Hypocreales) was investigated. Preliminary analyses of ITS and LSU sequences from more than 4 750 isolates obtained indicated that 109 strains belong to this generic complex. Based on multi-locus phylogenies of combinations of cmdA, tef1, rpb1, rpb2 and tub2 alignments, and morphological characteristics, 25 species were identified, namely 22 in Fusarium and three in Neocosmospora. Furthermore, two species were described as new namely F. vanleeuwenii from the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC), and F. wereldwijsianum from the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC). Other species encountered in this study include in the FOSC: F. curvatum, F. nirenbergiae, F. oxysporum and three undescribed Fusarium spp.; in the FIESC: F. clavus, F. croceum, F. equiseti, F. flagelliforme and F. toxicum; Fusarium tricinctum species complex: F. flocciferum and F. torulosum; the Fusarium sambucinum species complex: F. culmorum and F. graminearum; the Fusarium redolens species complex: F. redolens; and the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex: F. verticillioides. Three species of Neocosmospora were encountered, namely N. solani, N. stercicola and N. tonkinensis. Although soil fungal diversity has been well studied in the Netherlands, this study revealed two new species, and eight new records: F. clavus, F. croceum, F. flagelliforme, F. odoratissimum, F. tardicrescens, F. toxicum, F. triseptatum and N. stercicola.
Giới thiệu bộ công cụ đo năng lực đổi mới sáng tạo của doanh nghiệp: i2Metrix - Cổng thông tin khoa học và công nghệ thành phố Hải Phòng
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: October 2021

Giới thiệu bộ công cụ đo năng lực đổi mới sáng tạo của doanh nghiệp: i2Metrix - Cổng thông tin khoa học và công nghệ thành phố Hải Phòng
MAP4K1 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1, encoded by MAP4K1 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, MAP4K1 expression was correlated with recurrence-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. MAP4K1 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Effect of market orientation
Authors: Saputra Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Pada tahun 1997 Indonesia mengalami krisis ekonomi. Indonesia mengalami krisis ekonomi, kondisi ini berdampak pada bisnis skala besar dimana banyak bisnis yang gulung tikar bahkan bangkrut. Sedangkan dengan usaha kecil menengah yang mampu bertahan karena tidak banyak menggunakan bahan baku impor dan malah menjadi sabuk penyelamat dari dampak krisis ekonomi (Andalan & Hikmah, 2013). Peranan usaha kecil dan menengah sangat penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi, terutama dalam penyediaan tenaga kerja dan sumber pendapatan bagi kelompok berpenghasilan rendah. Menurut Lembaga Pengembangan Perbankan Indonesia (LPPI) dan Bank Indonesia (BI) tahun 2015, faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja usaha mikro dan kecil (UMK) adalah kemampuan membaca kebutuhan pasar yang masih belum tajam, sehingga belum mampu menangkap kebutuhan yang diinginkan pasar secara akurat
Daisen: A Framework for Visualizing Detailed GPU Execution
Authors: Sun Yifan , Zhang Yixuan , Mosallaei Ali , Shah Michael D. , Dunne Cody , Kaeli David
Published: October 2021

Graphics Processing Units~(GPUs) have been widely used to accelerate artificial intelligence, physics simulation, medical imaging, and information visualization applications. To improve GPU performance, GPU hardware designers need to identify performance issues by inspecting a huge amount of simulator-generated traces. Visualizing the execution traces can reduce the cognitive burden of users and facilitate making sense of behaviors of GPU hardware components. In this paper, we first formalize the process of GPU performance analysis and characterize the design requirements of visualizing execution traces based on a survey study and interviews with GPU hardware designers. We contribute data and task abstraction for GPU performance analysis. Based on our task analysis, we propose Daisen, a framework that supports data collection from GPU simulators and provides visualization of the simulator-generated GPU execution traces. Daisen features a data abstraction and trace format that can record simulator-generated GPU execution traces. Daisen also includes a web-based visualization tool that helps GPU hardware designers examine GPU execution traces, identify performance bottlenecks, and verify performance improvement. Our qualitative evaluation with GPU hardware designers demonstrates that the design of Daisen reflects the typical workflow of GPU hardware designers. Using Daisen, participants were able to effectively identify potential performance bottlenecks and opportunities for performance improvement. The open-sourced implementation of Daisen can be found at gitlab.com/akita/vis. Supplemental materials including a demo video, survey questions, evaluation study guide, and post-study evaluation survey are available at osf.io/j5ghq.
Differential expression of HIST1H2BE in cancer of the vulva.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

In these brief notes we document work using published microarray data (1, 2) to pioneer integrative transcriptome analysis comparing vulvar carcinoma to its tissue of origin, the vulva. We report the differential expression of histone cluster 1, H2be, encoded by HIST1H2BE, in cancer of the vulva. HIST1H2BE may be of pertinence to understanding transformation and disease progression in vulvar cancer (3).
Causal models, creativity, and diversity
Authors: Baciu Dan Costa
Published: October 2021

Causal models find application in almost all areas of science, and they often support the development of theories that are straightforward and testable. Yet scientists also observe things that surprise them. Fascinated by such observations, they learn to admire the playful aspects of life, as well as its creativity and diversity. Under these circumstances, a compelling question arises: Can causal models explain life’s creativity and diversity? Some life scientists say yes. However, other humanities scholars cast doubt, positing that they reached the end of theory. Here, I build on common empirical observations as well as long-accumulated modeling experience, and I develop a unified framework for causal modeling. The framework gives special attention to life’s creativity and diversity, and it applies to all sciences including physics, biology, the sciences of the city, and the humanities.
i2Metrix - thước đo năng lực đổi mới sáng tạo của doanh nghiệp
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: October 2021

i2Metrix - thước đo năng lực đổi mới sáng tạo của doanh nghiệp
TMED11P expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of transmembrane emp24 protein transport domain containing 11, pseudogene, encoded by TMED11P when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. TMED11P may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Are Replication Studies Infrequent Because of Negative Attitudes? Insights From a Survey of Attitudes and Practices in Second Language Research
Authors: McManus Kevin
Published: October 2021

Replication is a research methodology designed to verify, consolidate, and generalize knowledge and understanding within empirical fields of study. In second language studies, however, reviews share widespread concern about the infrequency of replication. A common but speculative explanation for this situation is that replication studies are not valued because they lack originality and/or innovation. To better understand and respond to the infrequency of replication in our field, 354 researchers were surveyed about their attitudes toward replication and their practices conducting replication studies. Responses included world-wide participation from researchers with and without replication experience. Overall, replications were evaluated as relevant and valuable to the field. Claims that replication studies lack originality/innovation were not supported. However, dissemination issues were identified: half of published replication studies lacked explicit labeling and one quarter of completed replications were unpublished. Explicit labeling of replication studies and training in research methodology and dissemination can address this situation.
BRI3BP expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of BRI3 binding protein, encoded by BRI3BP when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. BRI3BP may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
レバノンの多層の危機
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: October 2021

レバノンは今、同時に多くの重大な危機を迎えていることについての短論文である。
Rapid Response: Ivermectin in Covid-19
Authors: Bryant Andrew , Lawrie Theresa A , Fordham Edmund , Scott Mitchell
Published: October 2021

Rapid Response to BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine re Popp et al., Letter to Editor, DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2021-111791. Rapid Responses appear as tabs to the original Letter but do not acquire DOI references. This posting provides a DOI to the text of the Rapid Response and a clear text with errors of formatting in the journal version repaired.
Đổi mới sáng tạo cho tương lai
Authors: 子 鬼谷
Published: October 2021

Đổi mới sáng tạo là hoạt động rất quan trọng trong kinh doanh. Năng lực tạo mới sản phẩm và dịch vụ là một trong những tài sản đáng giá nhất của doanh nghiệp (DN).
Đổi mới từ tư duy và hành động
Authors: 子 鬼谷
Published: October 2021

Ngày 25-2 vừa qua, Bộ trưởng Bộ Khoa học - Công nghệ đã trao bằng khen cho 17 DN nổi bật trong hoạt động đổi mới sáng tạo. ĐTTC đã có cuộc trao đổi với ông Văn Đức Mười, Tổng giám đốc Vissan - một trong 17 DN đạt bằng khen lần này.
Đổi mới từ tư duy và hành động
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: October 2021

Đổi mới từ tư duy và hành động
IGF2BP3 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3, encoded by IGF2BP3 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, IGF2BP3 expression was correlated with post-progression survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. IGF2BP3 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Taken by surprise
Authors: 子 鬼谷
Published: October 2021

When you’re looking at a scene to photograph it, do you see the final picture in your mind or are you ever surprised?
โครงการ i2Metrix ตอกย้ำความสำคัญของนวัตกรรมและไอเดียใหม่ๆ ต่อเศรษฐกิจเวียดนาม
Authors: 子 鬼谷
Published: October 2021

ปัจจุบันการพัฒนาด้านนวัตกรรมและความคิดสร้างสรรค์กลายเป็นปัจจัยสำคัญสำหรับบริษัทต่างๆ ทั่วโลก รวมทั้งในประเทศกำลังอย่างเวียดนาม ด้วยเหตุนี้องค์กรนักเศรษฐศาสตร์กลุ่มหนึ่งในเวียดนามจึงพยายามทำการวิจัยสำรวจ เกี่ยวกับความสำคัญของนวัตกรรมและความคิดสร้างสรรค์ ที่มีต่อภาคธุรกิจในเวียดนาม
DNAJC28 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 28, encoded by DNAJC28 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, DNAJC28 expression was correlated with overall survival in patients with breast cancer. DNAJC28 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
CYP11A1 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, encoded by CYP11A1 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, CYP11A1 expression was correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. CYP11A1 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Desiccation of the Transboundary Hamun Lakes between Iran and Afghanistan in Response to Hyro-climatic Droughts and Anthropogenic Activities
Authors: Akbari Mahdi , Mirchi Ali , Roozbahani Amin , Gafurov Abror , Klöve Björn , Torabi Haghighi Ali
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the hydro-climatic reasons behind the desiccation of the Hamun Lakes in the Iran-Afghanistan border. We analyzed changes in the flow of the Hirmand River (90 percent of the total inflow to the lakes) at the international border, and precipitation over this river’s sub-basin during 1960-2016 by calculating standardized indices for precipitation (SPI) and discharge (SDI). We applied Normalized Difference Spectral Indices using satellite images from 1987-2021 to observe monthly areal change of the lakes. The results show that the major cause of desiccation is upstream water regulation which severely reduced the Hirmand River inflow delivery to the lakes. Also, recently constructed reservoirs, near the lakes, compounded the effect of upstream water regulation to aggravate the situation. There is a discernible shift in the relation between the Hirmand River flow at the border and upstream precipitation before and after 2004. In 1960-2003, high Hirmand River inflows were expected due to high precipitation, while the flow declined after 2004 despite large amounts of upstream precipitation. Although a long period of drought from 1998-2004 decreased the lakes’ area, the lake system is primarily falling victim to anthropogenic flow reduction in the transboundary basin. Increased regulation of flows and use of water for irrigation in Afghanistan and Iran underscores the necessity of bilateral dialogues between the two countries to consider environmental flow of the lakes. The lakes’ shrinkage places socio-economic stress on an already-vulnerable region with public health implications as the exposed lake beds turn into major sources of dust storms.
Numerical Investigation and Multi-Objective Optimisation of the Aerodynamics of a Hyperloop Pod
Authors: Vishwanath Nivedan , Maloo Tushar , Prithvi  , Agarwal Dheeraj
Published: October 2021

Hyperloop systems are stated to be the fifth mode of transportation and would have the capacity to ferry passengers at ground speeds of over 1000 km/h. The transonic operating conditions of hyperloop pods make them susceptible to flow choking, thus demanding careful aerodynamic design. In this study, we carry out the aerodynamic optimisation of a Hyperloop pod structure. A preliminary two-dimensional steady-state computational fluid dynamics analysis of the pod is done to establish a baseline. In the optimisation phase, the multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to evaluate the lowest possible drag and lift coefficients. As a result of the optimisation study, we were able to reduce the drag coefficient by 22.44% and the lift coefficient by 14.87% as compared to the initial design of the pod.
The P Factor in Children: Relationships with Executive Functions and Effortful Control
Authors: Shields Allison , Reardon Kathleen Wade , Brandes Cassandra M , Tackett Jennifer L
Published: October 2021

Lower levels of self-regulation have been implicated in multiple psychological disorders. Despite conceptual overlap (broadly reflecting self-regulatory functions), executive functions (EF) and effortful control (EC) are rarely jointly studied in relation to broadband psychopathology. The present study investigated associations of correlated factors (internalizing-externalizing) and bifactor psychopathology models with EF and EC in a large (N=895) childhood community sample (Mage = 11.54, SDage = 2.25). Associations between both self-regulation constructs (EF and EC) with psychopathology were largely accounted for via a general psychopathology factor. However, EC evidenced stronger associations, questioning the utility of task-based EF measures to inform self-regulatory psychopathology.
Moral Injury Related to Immigration Detention on Nauru: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Passardi Sandra , Hocking Debbie , Morina Naser , Sundram Suresh , Alisic Eva
Published: October 2021

Background: Immigration detention is associated with detrimental mental health outcomes but little is known about the underlying psychological processes. Moral injury, the experience of transgression of moral beliefs, may play an important role. Objective: Our aim was to explore refugees’ and asylum seekers’ moral injury appraisals and associated mental health outcomes related to immigration detention on Nauru.Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with 13 refugees and asylum seekers who had an experience of immigration detention on Nauru and lived in Australia after medical transfer. We used reflexive thematic analysis to develop themes from the data.Results: The participant statement “In my country they torture your body but in Australia they kill your mind.” conveyed key themes in our analysis. We describe 1) how participants’ home country experience and the expectation to get protection led them to seek safety in Australia; 2) how they experienced deprivation, trauma and dehumanisation after arrival, with the Australian government seen as the driving force behind these experiences; and 3) how these experiences led to feeling irreparably damaged.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that moral injury may be one of the mechanisms by which mandatory immigration detention can cause harm. Hence, refugees returned to Australia from offshore detention may benefit from interventions that specifically target moral injury. Our results highlight the potentially deleterious mental health impact of experiencing multiple subtle and substantial transgressions of one’s moral frameworks. Policy makers should incorporate moral injury considerations to prevent damaging refugee mental health.
Bilingualism caught in a net. A new approach to understanding the complexity of bilingual experience
Authors: Kałamała Patrycja , Chuderski Adam , Szewczyk Jakub M. , Senderecka Magdalena , Wodniecka Zofia
Published: October 2021

The growing importance of research on bilingualism in psychology and neuroscience motivates the need for a psychometric model that can be used to understand and quantify this phenomenon. This research is the first to meet this need. We re-analyzed two datasets (N = 171 and N = 112) from relatively young adult language-unbalanced bilinguals and asked whether bilingualism is best described by the factor structure or by the network structure. The factor and network models were established on one dataset and then validated on the other dataset in a fully confirmatory manner. The network model provided the best fit to the data. This implies that bilingualism should be conceptualized as an emergent phenomenon arising from direct and idiosyncratic dependencies among the history of language acquisition, diverse language skills, and language-use practices. These dependencies can be reduced to neither a single universal quotient nor to some more general factors. Additional in-depth network analyses showed that the subjective perception of proficiency along with language entropy and language mixing were the most central indices of bilingualism, thus indicating that these measures can be especially sensitive to variation in the overall bilingual experience. Overall, this work highlights the great potential of psychometric network modeling to gain a more accurate description and understanding of complex (psycho)linguistic and cognitive phenomena.