bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Oropesa que apacentó la personalidad de un renovador
Authors: Amezcua Manuel
Published: February 2023

Juan Ciudad, futuro San Juan de Dios, llegó niño a la villa de Oropesa, en la provincia de Toledo, para ser criado por una familia dedicada a la ganadería, ejerciendo por ello como pastor. Cuando se hizo mayor se alistó como soldado en las compañías del Conde de Oropesa que desplazó a Fuenterrabía y a Viena en apoyo al emperador Carlos. Tras un periplo de aventuras y andanzas volvería a su ciudad de la infancia para mostrarse como enfermero al servicio de los más necesitados de la villa y su comarca. Las épocas que Juan de Dios residió en Oropesa cobran especial importancia en su biografía, en tanto nos muestran la evolución que se fue operando en su personalidad y que en parte explican la dedicación a su obra de reforma hospitalaria. Con este trabajo se pretende revisar la presencia histórica de Juan de Dios en la ciudad toledana de Oropesa como lugar de residencia de su juventud y la influencia que esta tuvo en la configuración de su personalidad.
Ceuta, un albañil construyendo solidaridad
Authors: Olmedo Mila
Published: February 2023

Ceuta es una ciudad pequeña, española, situada al norte del continente africano. Quizás haya perdurado el conocimiento de que San Juan de Dios estuviera en Ceuta por su posterior canonización. Según la profesora Olmedo, no hay datos fidedignos del tiempo que estuvo en esta ciudad, ni los motivos de su llegada y marcha. Tuvo relaciones con una familia portuguesa, desterrados a esta ciudad, y a la que él ayudaba con su sueldo de albañil. La ermita que se abre en su honor dura de 1657 a 1913. Construida en el baluarte que llevaba su nombre, actualmente hay una iglesia dedicada a su memoria.
El prodigio de la Filatelia. Razón Histórica de la Enfermería, por María Teresa Miralles Sangro
Authors: Aguilar González Laura
Published: February 2023

Según la Real Academia de la Lengua Española, un sello postal es un trozo pequeño de papel con timbre oficial de figuras o signos grabados que se pega a ciertos documentos para darles valor y eficacia. Pero un sello es bastante más. Martha Lucy Giraldo lo define muy bien diciendo que “no es solamente un medio de pago, es un título valor, es una obra de arte que guarda gráfica y cronológicamente todo lo que sucede en un país, en cuanto al arte, la cultura, los personajes más importantes, la historia, temas políticos, flora, fauna, en fin”, describe [Fragmento de texto].
Prácticas de cuidado de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC): reflejos de la memoria fotográfica
Authors: Vargas Ibagon Heidy Nathalia , Pérez Galán Maira Gabriela , Galindo Huertas Mayra Solanye
Published: February 2023

La fotografía es un documento de valioso análisis histórico de la Enfermería. Signos de reconocimiento profesional han sido una fuente de estos análisis, como el uniforme y la imagen en prensa y otros medios, pero también la fotografía ha sido usada como dispositivo para visibilizar los imaginarios y prácticas de estudiantes y profesionales. Objetivo principal: Describir los espacios donde se ejercen las prácticas de cuidado de la enfermería en Boyacá (Colombia). Metodología: A través de un estudio iconográfico con análisis panofskiano a 20 fotografías cedidas voluntariamente por los propietarios o sus custodios. Resultados principales: Se evidencia la fuerza de lo simbólico en los espacios de cuidado intramural y cómo se elaboran significaciones en espacios en los que la presencia del profesional es frecuente. Conclusión principal: El análisis de las fotografías nos permitió reconocer los espacios de práctica, aunque es necesario aprender a usar la fotografía para documentar el cuidado de tal forma que enriquezca no solo la imagen de enfermeros y enfermeras, sino que permita análisis más amplios sobre lo que se desea establecer en la memoria profesional y social sobre la enfermería.
Ensinamentos de Florence Nightingale resgatados na pandemia COVID-19: revisão integrativa
Authors: Costa Francisco Lailson Silva , De Sousa Polliana Luiza Silva , Maia Natália Maria Freitas e Silva , Araújo Agostinho Antônio Cruz , Da Silva Francisca Aline Amaral , Dos Santos Ana Maria Ribeiro
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Analisar na literatura os ensinamentos de Florence Nightingale resgatados na pandemia COVID-19. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa, realizada no período de abril a agosto de 2021, nas bases eletrônicas Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Banco de Dados em Enfermagem, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System on-line via PubMed e Web of Science. Incluiu-se estudos primários, disponíveis na íntegra, sem restrição de idioma. Excluiu-se estudos que não detalhavam os ensinamentos de Florence Nightingale na pandemia COVID-19. Resultados principais: Selecionaram-se nove artigos que foram discutidos em duas categorias: Feitos históricos de Florence Nightingale e Ensinamentos de Florence Nightingale resgatados na pandemia COVID-19. Conclusões principais: Constatou-se semelhanças entre a situação sanitária vivenciada por Nightingale com a atual crise de saúde causada pela pandemia COVID-19, o que evidenciou a relevância de suas colaborações para o campo da saúde até os dias atuais.
“TU SELLO” 430 Aniversario de la Orden de San Juan de Dios en Palencia
Authors: Ballesteros-Álvaro Antonio Manuel , Ballesteros-Retuerto Sara
Published: February 2023

Introducción: San Juan de Dios nace en Portugal en 1495. En el Real Monasterio de Santa María de Guadalupe, en Cáceres, se forma en el cuidado de los enfermos. Regresa a Granada y comienza a dedicarse al cuidado de los pobres sin hogar y los enfermos, instituyendo un hospital para tales fines. Muere el 8 de marzo de 1550. El primer sello postal que conmemora a San Juan de Dios es emitido en Portugal en 1949 con ocasión del IV Centenario de su muerte. Metodología: Para llevar a cabo el análisis del “TU SELLO”, se ha utilizado el método iconográfico-iconológico de Panofsky. Resultados: Se presenta el “TU SELLO” emitido en conmemoración del “430 Aniversario de la Orden de San Juan de Dios en Palencia”. El diseño se basa en el grupo escultórico creado por Óscar Aragón, que se inauguró el 4 de diciembre de 2017, con motivo del 425 aniversario de la presencia de la Orden en Palencia. En el sello aparece un arco que simboliza la puerta del hospital de San Juan de Dios de Palencia y, por otro lado, dos figuras que representan a San Juan de Dios abrazando y ayudando, en un gesto de protección, a otra figura que es una representación alegórica de la enfermedad. Discusión: La utilización de los sellos personalizados es una manera de dar a conocer, a través de la filatelia, acontecimientos, personajes, hechos relevantes o efemérides que de otra manera no tendrían su reflejo en el sello postal, dada la limitada y exigente política de los servicios filatélicos de los distintos países para incluir en sus emisiones todo lo que de relevante puede ocurrir a lo largo de un año.  Este ha sido, y no otro, el objetivo de emitir este “TU SELLO” homenaje al 430 Aniversario de la Orden de San Juan de Dios en Palencia.
El Cuidado en los años 70 del siglo XX: Hospital Nuestra Señora de Gracia de Zaragoza
Authors: Sánchez Aragó Sonia , Sesé Sanz Pilar
Published: February 2023

Introducción: El hospital Real y General de Nuestra Señora de Gracia de Zaragoza fue fundado en 1425 por Alfonso V El Magnánimo.  Durante la primera mitad de Siglo XX la asistencia de enfermería, era realizada por las Hermanas de Caridad de Santa Ana y personal adyacente, mediante su tarea y ejemplaridad en el cuidado siempre al lado del enfermo. Objetivo: Exponer las condiciones de trabajo y cuidados realizados por las Hermanas de Caridad de Santa Ana en el Hospital Nuestra Señora de Gracia en los años setenta del siglo XX. Metodología: Se ha utilizado la metodología cualitativa, entrevistando a dos enfermeras Hermanas de la Caridad de Santa Ana y a dos auxiliares de enfermería que trabajaban en aquella época. Resultados: Se destaca la distribución del hospital, sobre todo las salas y la diferencia en la forma de cuidados en función de las necesidades de Virginia Henderson. Conclusiones: Se han encontrado similitudes con las formas de cuidado en otros hospitales en la década de los años setenta, no consiguen ser totalmente equiparables a los realizados por las Hermanas de la Caridad de Santa Ana en el Hospital Nuestra Señora de Gracia en el mismo espacio temporal, principalmente por la percepción de la salud-enfermedad para cada cultura o grupo social.
Vai trò trách nhiệm xã hội, định hướng khách hàng và sự trung thành của khách hàng trong lĩnh vực ngân hàng tại tỉnh Tiền Giang
Authors: Võ Kim Nhạn , Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Phương
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu nhằm kiểm định mối quan hệ giữa trách nhiệm xã hội (CSR) ở khía cạnh cảm nhận của khách hàng đến sự trung thành của họ trong lĩnh vực ngân hàng. Qua đó, nghiên cứu cũng kiểm tra vai trò trung gian của sự gắn kết của khách hàng (bao gồm các thành phần là sự giới thiệu và đồng tham gia) giữa CSR và lòng trung thành khách hàng. Ngoài ra, vai trò của định hướng khách hàng được xem như biến điều tiết mối quan hệ giữa sự gắn kết của khách hàng và lòng trung thành của họ. Nghiên cứu sử dụng mô hình cấu trúc bình phương từng phần nhỏ nhất (PLS-SEM), để kiểm định giả thuyết các mối quan hệ trong mô hình nghiên cứu thông qua khảo sát 584 khách hàng sử dụng dịch vụ tại các ngân hàng thương mại trên địa bàn tỉnh Tiền Giang. Kết quả nghiên cứu thể hiện trách nhiệm xã hội có tác động đến lòng trung thành khách hàng thông qua sự gắn kết của họ. Ngoài ra, kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy vai trò quan trọng của biến định hướng khách hàng điều tiết mối quan hệ giữa sự gắn kết và lòng trung thành khách hàng. Qua đó đã góp phần về mặt học thuật và thực tế trong việc áp dụng hiệu quả trách nhiệm xã hội đối với sự trung thành của khách hàng trong lĩnh vực ngân hàng hiện nay.
Trends in Saliva Research and Biomedical Clinical Applications
Authors: Park Soyoung , Lee Eungyung , Shin Jonghyun , Jeong Taesung
Published: February 2023

Function of salivary gland and saliva composition can be an indicator of individual’s health status. Recently, saliva has been thought to have a high potential for usage in the biomedical field to diagnose, evaluate, and prevent systemic health due to the technological advances in analyzing and detecting small elements such as immunological and metabolic products, viruses, microorganisms, hormones in saliva. As a diagnostic specimen, saliva has some useful advantages compared to serum. Because of simple non-invasive method, saliva sampling is quite comfort for the patient, and it doesn’t require specialists to collect samples. The possibility of infection during the collection process is also low. For this reason, proteins, genetic materials, and various biomarkers in saliva are actively being utilized on studying stress, microbiomics, genetics, and epigenetics. For the research on collecting big data related to systemic health, the needs on biobank has been focused. Regeneration of salivary gland based on tissue engineering has been also on advancement. However, there are still many issues to be solved, such as the standardization of sample collection, storage, and usage. This review focuses on the recent trends in the field of saliva research and highlight the future perspectives in biomedical and other applications.
Dentists’ Recognition of Child Abuse and Neglect and Mandatory Attitude to Report
Authors: Jang Da Hyeo , Chae Yong Kwon , Lee Ko Eun , Nam Ok Hyung , Lee Hyoseol , Choi Sung Chul , Kim Mi Sun
Published: February 2023

In this study, the recognition of child abuse and neglect (CAN) and reporting attitudes of general dentists and pediatric dentists in Korea were estimated. A survey was conducted among dentists working at clinics or university hospitals, including interns and residents at dental hospital training institutions. The questionnaire, consisting of 32 questions and detailed questions, subdivided into ‘general characteristics of respondents’, ‘CAN’, ‘CAN report’, ‘laws to CAN’, ‘countermeasures against CAN’. The survey was conducted using a messenger, and 176 respondents’ answers were analyzed. The recognition of CAN showed high scores in the order of physical abuse, neglect, and emotional abuse. The positive attitude toward reporting CAN had a higher score than the negative attitude. Of the total respondents, 19 said they reported child abuse, and 18 said they were suspected of child abuse but hesitated to report it. Among the laws related to CAN, the protection measures for CAN reporters and the protocol for CAN showed low awareness. Since then, they have wanted to know how to find abused children and how to deal with them in education. This study is expected to be used as data to improve dentists’ awareness and consciousness of CAN in the future.
Innovation Dynamics in Wood Construction in Sweden and Finland
Authors:   Nordregio, Giacometti Alberto , Salonen Hilma
Published: February 2023

This publication provides the results of a case study on the construction sector transformation process triggered by the emergence of wood-based construction in Sweden and Finland, particularly of multi-storey buildings. The case reconstructs the micro-processes leading to innovations and breakthroughs in the market.
Hardware Enabled Security:
Authors: Bartock Michael , Souppaya Murugiah , Wheeler Jerry , Knoll Timothy , Ramalingam Muthukkumaran , Righi Stefano
Published: February 2023

Organizations employ a growing volume of machine identities, often numbering
in the thousands or millions per organization. Machine identities, such as secret
cryptographic keys, can be used to identify which policies need to be enforced for
each machine. Centralized management of machine identities helps streamline policy
implementation across devices, workloads, and environments. However, the lack of
protection for sensitive data in use (e.g., machine identities in memory) puts it
at risk. This report presents an effective approach for overcoming security
challenges associated with creating, managing, and protecting machine identities
throughout their lifecycle. It describes a proof-of-concept implementation, a
prototype, that addresses those challenges by using hardware-based confidential
computing. The report is intended to be a blueprint or template that the general
security community can use to validate and utilize the described
implementation.
Analyzing the Rainfall Pattern in Honduras Through Non-Homogeneous Hidden Markov Models
Authors: Sabillón Gustavo Alexis , Zuanetti Daiane Aparecida
Published: February 2023

One of the major climatic interests of the last decades has been to understand and describe the rainfall patterns of specific areas of the world as functions of other climate covariates. We do it for the historical climate monitoring data from Tegucigalpa, Honduras, using non-homogeneous hidden Markov models (NHMMs), which are dynamic models usually used to identify and predict heterogeneous regimes. For estimating the NHMM in an efficient and scalable way, we propose the stochastic Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm and a Bayesian method, and compare their performance in synthetic data. Although these methodologies have already been used for estimating several other statistical models, it is not the case of NHMMs which are still widely fitted by the traditional EM algorithm. We observe that, under tested conditions, the performance of the Bayesian and stochastic EM algorithms is similar and discuss their slight differences. Analyzing the Honduras rainfall data set, we identify three heterogeneous rainfall periods and select temperature and humidity as relevant covariates for explaining the dynamic relation among these periods.
Experience of a Formal Mentorship Program at Saudi Board Family Medicine Residency Program in Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfi Mohammed Al , Kalevaru Chandra Sekhar , Rabbani Unaib , AlSaigul Abdullah M. , Yahia Omer Al , Almutairi Abdulaziz , Al-Harbi Ali Mosa , Ahmed Azza Abdulmajeed
Published: February 2023

Background: Health care institutes started mentorship programs for the professional and social development of trainees and junior health care staff. The objective of the present study was to find the perceptions of mentees and mentors about the process of the mentorship program at Qassim Family Medicine academy.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among the mentees (60) and mentors (31) affiliated with Family Medicine Academy, Qassim in September 2022. Data was collected using a semi structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed with SPSS.

Results: A total of 60 mentees and 31 mentors participated. The majority of mentees opined that the mean number of mentor meetings was 2.76 per year. Mentees perceptions about clear objectives in their meeting was 71.7%, the same percentage (70%) mentioned as opportunity to discuss strengths and weaknesses in the mentor meeting. Sevety-seven percent of the mentors opined that mentee achieved their set targets large extent to fully. The mentees mean overall satisfaction and standard deviation about the mentorship program was 7.5 ± 2.72, mentors overall satisfaction was reported 7.8 ± 1.7 out of 10.

Conclusions: Based on the findings, mentors and mentees were overall satisfied with the mentorship program. But, Mentees’ perceptions about social or psychological problems and professional development agreed was nearly fifty percent only. On the other hand, mentors had concerns related to the keenness of mentees for the mentorship meeting. There is a need to focus on these domains in the forthcoming mentorship programs.
Temperature Dependence of Interface Characterization and Mechanical Properties of TA1/Q235 Composite Fabricated by Explosive Welding
Authors: Wang Cun , Han Jianchao , Zhang Changjiang , Su Yongjun , Zhang Shuzhi , Zhang Zhixiong , Wang Tao
Published: February 2023

Herein, the interface characterization and tensile properties of TA1/Q235 composite fabricated by explosive welding are investigated in the temperature range 650–950 °C. The explosive‐welded TA1/Q235 composite presents the periodic wavy bonding interface with both the vortex and solid–solid bonding regions. Some defects, including cavities, cracks, and brittle intermetallic compounds, are located in the melted zone of the interface wave. The compound layer comprises FeTi and Fe2Ti, with a thickness of 25 μm. In terms of high‐temperature tensile tests, the elongation of the TA1/Q235 composite exhibits a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing tensile temperature. And the elongation reaches the peak value of 95% at 800 °C. The tensile strength basically decreases with increasing temperature, except for a slight increase at 900 °C. The failure of the TA1/Q235 composite is affected by both the discontinuous compound and the continuous compound layers. With the increase in tensile temperature, a continuous compound layer with a certain thickness dominates the failure of the TA1/Q235 composite.
Parrot Beak‐Inspired Metamaterials with Friction and Interlocking Mechanisms 3D/4D Printed in Micro and Macro Scales for Supreme Energy Absorption/Dissipation
Authors: Hamzehei Ramin , Bodaghi Mahdi , Iglesias Martinez Julio Andrés , Ji Qingxiang , Ulliac Gwenn , Kadic Muamer , Wang Changguo , Zolfagharian Ali , Wu Nan
Published: February 2023

Energy absorption and dissipation features of mechanical metamaterials have widespread applications in everyday life, ranging from absorbing shock impacts to mechanical vibrations. This article proposes novel bioinspired friction‐based mechanical metamaterials with a zero Poisson's ratio behavior inspired from parrot's beaks and manufactured additively. The mechanical performances of the corresponding metamaterials are studied at both macro and micro scales by experiments and finite element analysis (FEA). An excellent agreement is observed between the FEA and both microscopic and macroscopic scale experiments, showing the accuracy of the developed digital tool. Performances are compared to traditional triangular lattice metamaterials. Both experimental tests and FEA results demonstrate the following advantages: 1) absorbing and dissipating energy per unit of mass (SEA) at large compressive strains without global buckling; 2) bistable deformation patterns including friction‐based and interlocking mechanisms; 3) reversible deformation patterns after unloading; 4) shape recovery behavior after a heating–cooling process; and 5) the higher elastic modulus of micro metamaterials compared with their macro counterparts. This is the first demonstration of a bioinspired friction‐based design of 3D‐printed mechanical metamaterials that feature absorbing/dissipating energy, stability, and reversibility properties to cater to a wide range of sustainable meta‐cylinders in micro and macro scales.
Energy Harvesting Using Wastepaper‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Zhang Renyun , Hummelgård Magnus , Örtegren Jonas , Andersson Henrik , Olsen Martin , Chen Wenshuai , Wang Peihong , Dahlström Christina , Eivazi Alireza , Norgren Magnus
Published: February 2023

Inks and toners used for printing contain materials, such as polyester, with strong triboelectric properties to enhance the binding effects, making wastepaper, such as magazines and newspapers, good candidates for triboelectric materials. Herein, high‐output power triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that utilize wastepaper as triboelectric layers (wastepaper‐based triboelectric nanogenerators (WP–TENGs)) are reported. Journal paper and office copy paper wastes are investigated. The results show that the maximum power densities of the WP–TENGs reach 43.5 W m−2, which is approximately 250 times the previously reported output of the TENG with a recycled triboelectric layer made from wastepaper. The maximum open circuit voltage (V
OC) and short circuit current (I
SC) are 774 V and 3.92 mA (784 mA m−2), respectively. These findings can be applied to extend the life cycle of printed papers for energy harvesting, and they can later be applied for materials recycling to enhance the sustainable development of our society.
A Flexible and Biomimetic Olfactory Synapse with Gasotransmitter‐Mediated Plasticity
Authors: Deng Yuping , Zhao Mingyou , Ma Yuan , Liu Shangbin , Liu Mingda , Shen Boyu , Li Rongfeng , Ding He , Cheng Huanyu , Sheng Xing , Fu Wangyang , Li Zehui , Zhang Milin , Yin Lan
Published: February 2023

Neuromorphic electronics has demonstrated great promise in mimicking the sensory and memory functions of biological systems. However, synaptic devices with desirable sensitivity, selectivity, and operational voltage imitating the olfactory system have rarely been reported. Here, a flexible and biomimetic olfactory synapse based on an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) coupled with a breath‐figure derived porous solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) is proposed. The device demonstrates excellent sensitivity with a ppb‐level response limit and desirable selectivity toward hydrogen sulfide (H2S) over other gases, and successfully achieves wireless real‐time detection of excessive concentration of H2S from rotten eggs. H2S‐mediated synaptic plasticity is accomplished with the device and typical synaptic behaviors are realized, including short‐term memory (STM), long‐term memory (LTM), transition from STM to LTM, etc., enabling the imitation of potential cumulative damages upon H2S exposure. The proposed device paves new ways toward next‐generation olfactory systems capable of sensing and memorizing functionalities mimicking neurobiological systems, offering critical materials strategies to accomplish intelligent artificial sensory systems.
Extreme pH‐Resistant, Highly Cation‐Selective Poly(Quaternary Ammonium) Membranes Fabricated via Menshutkin Reaction‐Based Interfacial Polymerization
Authors: Jeon Sungkwon , Kim Hansoo , Choi Juyeon , Kim Jeong F. , Park Ho Bum , Lee Jung‐Hyun
Published: February 2023

Membrane‐based separation technologies have attracted significant interest from various industries owing to their high process efficiency. However, the wider applications of conventional polyamide (PA) thin‐film composite (TFC) membranes are limited by their poor pH stability and low cation selectivity, necessitating the development of membranes with advanced chemistries. Herein, an extreme pH‐resistant, highly cation‐selective TFC membrane is fabricated by synthesizing a crosslinked poly(quaternary ammonium) (PQA) selective layer on a polyethylene support via Menshutkin reaction‐based interfacial polymerization (Men‐IP). The Men‐IP process produces a thin, densely crosslinked, and positively charged PQA permselective layer without hydrolysis‐prone functional groups. The fabricated PQA membrane features a highly selective molecular density that significantly exceeds those of previously reported membranes with non‐PA chemistries. Moreover, the PQA membrane exhibits remarkably high rejection (>90%) and selectivity for divalent cations owing to the exceptionally strong positive charge imparted by its abundant cationic QA groups. More importantly, the PQA membrane displays ultrahigh pH stability under both extremely acidic (1.5 m H2SO4) and alkaline (5 m NaOH) conditions for 28 days. No other membrane reported in the literature demonstrates such excellent pH stability. This strategy opens a new route for fabricating highly selective membranes that can be used in harsh pH environments.
Humidity Sensing with Supramolecular Nanostructures
Authors: Montes‐García Verónica , Samorì Paolo
Published: February 2023

Precise monitoring of the humidity level is important for the living comfort and for many applications in various industrial sectors. Humidity sensors have thus become one among the most extensively studied and used chemical sensors by targeting a maximal device performance through the optimization of the components and working mechanism. Among different moisture‐sensitive systems, supramolecular nanostructures are ideal active materials for the next generation of highly efficient humidity sensors. Their noncovalent nature guarantees fast response, high reversibility, and fast recovery time in the sensing event. Herein, the most enlightening recent strategies on the use of supramolecular nanostructures for humidity sensing are showcased. The key performance indicators in humidity sensing, including operation range, sensitivity, selectivity, response, and recovery speed are discussed as milestones for true practical applications. Some of the most remarkable examples of supramolecular‐based humidity sensors are presented, by describing the finest sensing materials, the operating principles, and sensing mechanisms, the latter being based on the structural or charge‐transport changes triggered by the interaction of the supramolecular nanostructures with the ambient humidity. Finally, the future directions, challenges, and opportunities for the development of humidity sensors with performance beyond the state of the art are discussed.
Genome‐wide methylomic regulation of multiscale gene networks in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Wang Erming , Wang Minghui , Guo Lei , Fullard John F. , Micallef Courtney , Bendl Jaroslav , Song Won‐min , Ming Chen , Huang Yong , Li Yuxin , Yu Kaiwen , Peng Junmin , Bennett David A. , De Jager Philip L. , Roussos Panos , Haroutunian Vahram , Zhang Bin
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION

Recent studies revealed the association of abnormal methylomic changes with Alzheimer's disease (AD) but there is a lack of systematic study of the impact of methylomic alterations over the molecular networks underlying AD.

METHODS

We profiled genome‐wide methylomic variations in the parahippocampal gyrus from 201 post mortem control, mild cognitive impaired, and AD brains.

RESULTS

We identified 270 distinct differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with AD. We quantified the impact of these DMRs on each gene and each protein as well as gene and protein co‐expression networks. DNA methylation had a profound impact on both AD‐associated gene/protein modules and their key regulators. We further integrated the matched multi‐omics data to show the impact of DNA methylation on chromatin accessibility, which further modulates gene and protein expression.

DISCUSSION

The quantified impact of DNA methylation on gene and protein networks underlying AD identified potential upstream epigenetic regulators of AD.

Highlights

A cohort of DNA methylation data in the parahippocampal gyrus was developed from 201 post mortem control, mild cognitive impaired, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains.

Two hundred seventy distinct differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were found to be associated with AD compared to normal control.

A metric was developed to quantify methylation impact on each gene and each protein.

DNA methylation was found to have a profound impact on not only the AD‐associated gene modules but also key regulators of the gene and protein networks.

Key findings were validated in an independent multi‐omics cohort in AD.

The impact of DNA methylation on chromatin accessibility was also investigated by integrating the matched methylomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data.
ORChestra coordinates the replication and repair music
Authors: Liu Dazhen , Sonalkar Jay , Prasanth Supriya G.
Published: February 2023

Error‐free genome duplication and accurate cell division are critical for cell survival. In all three domains of life, bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes, initiator proteins bind replication origins in an ATP‐dependent manner, play critical roles in replisome assembly, and coordinate cell‐cycle regulation. We discuss how the eukaryotic initiator, Origin recognition complex (ORC), coordinates different events during the cell cycle. We propose that ORC is the maestro driving the orchestra to coordinately perform the musical pieces of replication, chromatin organization, and repair.
Iterative Learning Control for Tricalcium Neutralization Process with Initial Disturbance
Authors: Pei Sheng , Zhao Zhonggai , Liu Fei , Miao Maodong , Jin Sai , Sun Fuxin , Shi Guiyang
Published: February 2023

The tricalcium neutralization process (TNP) is a key recovery process in the citric acid production process. The amount of calcium carbonate added needs to be controlled to ensure the pH of the reactants within the target range at the terminal of every batch. But the random initial pH has a great influence on the stability of the terminal pH. In this work, an iterative learning control (ILC)‐based control strategy is proposed to optimize the addition of calcium carbonate. First, the terminal iterative learning control (TILC) is performed and the optimal input of the process can be obtained. Then, an initial disturbance compensation controller optimized by ILC is proposed. The results of the TNP control experiments demonstrate that the suggested control strategy can suppress the disturbances and achieve terminal pH control.
Templated Crystallization of Glycine Homopeptides: Experimental and Computational Developments
Authors: Verma Vivek , Mitchell Hamish , Errington Ethan , Guo Mingxia , Heng Jerry Y. Y.
Published: February 2023

The usage of glass beads as heterogeneous additives for the crystallization of glycine homopeptides is investigated, whereby glass beads are shown experimentally to increase the rate of crystallization. Induction time analysis indicates that the presence of glass beads acts enhances the kinetic factor for nucleation. These results are compared to those previously obtained by the authors for glycine and diglycine, and it is demonstrated that the increase in nucleation rate is proportional to the peptide chain length. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm that larger molecules exhibit faster nucleation in the presence of glass beads due to an increased number of interactions as observed with the longest hydrogen bond lifetime for triglycine, followed by diglycine and glycine.
Investigating the rain‐free period of mepiquat chloride as affected by surfactant, rate, and interval between application and simulated rainfall
Authors: Hand Lavesta C. , Snider John L. , Roberts Phillip M.
Published: February 2023

Sporadic and unpredictable rain events can reduce agrichemical efficacy if a sufficient rain‐free period is not reached following application. Mepiquat chloride (MC) is used to regulate vegetative growth in cotton (Gossypium spp.), and the rain‐free period, according to the label, is 8 h or reduced to 4 h when applied with a surfactant. Experiments were conducted in 2021–2022 to evaluate the effect of MC treatment and dry time between application and a simulated rainfall event on cotton growth following application. The MC treatments were applied during the second week of squaring and were washed from the surface of the leaves 0, 2, 4, and 8 h after application using a center pivot irrigation system that delivered 0.4–0.6 inches of simulated rainfall. All MC treatments, averaged across dry time, slowed cotton growth regardless of surfactant or rate applied. Dry time demonstrated similar results, with dry times ≥2 h slowing growth. However, when cotton growth over time was evaluated, it was determined that in situations where cotton growth is more aggressive, reapplication of MC was necessary sooner where the initial application was removed from the surface of the leaf 0–2 h after application compared to 4–8 h after application. Adding a surfactant to MC applications did not reduce the rain‐free period, and when at least 4 h of dry time was achieved, MC applications were just as effective as an 8 h dry time, even when cotton growth was aggressive.
Understanding Off‐Cycle and Deactivation Pathways in Radical‐Type Carbene Transfer Catalysis
Authors: Snabilié Demi D. , Meeus Eva J. , Epping Roel F. J. , He Zhiyuan , Zhou Minghui , de Bruin Bas
Published: February 2023

Transition metal radical‐type carbene transfer catalysis is a sustainable and atom‐efficient method to generate C−C bonds, especially to produce fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. A significant amount of research has therefore been devoted to applying this methodology, which resulted in innovative routes toward otherwise synthetically challenging products and a detailed mechanistic understanding of the catalytic systems. Furthermore, combined experimental and theoretical efforts elucidated the reactivity of carbene radical complexes and their off‐cycle pathways. The latter can imply the formation of N‐enolate and bridging carbenes, and undesired hydrogen atom transfer by the carbene radical species from the reaction medium which can lead to catalyst deactivation. In this concept paper, we demonstrate that understanding off‐cycle and deactivation pathways not only affords solutions to circumvent them, but can also uncover novel reactivity for new applications. In particular, considering off‐cycle species involved in metalloradical catalysis can stimulate further development of radical‐type carbene transfer reactions.
On the big data processing algorithms for finding frequent sequences
Authors: Can Ali Burak , Zaval Mounes , Uzun‐Per Meryem , Aktas Mehmet S.
Published: February 2023

Sequential pattern mining algorithms extract trendy sequence appearances inside ordered transactional datasets such as market basket datasets. There is a lack of research employing big data processing techniques to locate frequent sequences on large‐scale datasets. Furthermore, there is a need for optimized sequential pattern mining algorithms that run on ordered one‐dimensional sequences. We also observe a lack of sequential pattern search studies in the literature, where the focus is centered around multi‐dimensional data sequences. Existing approaches that deal with ordered one‐dimensional datasets suffer from scalability issues as the amount of data to be analyzed is enormous. This research investigates the big data processing techniques used to find frequent sequences in large‐scale datasets. It also proposes a scalable sequence pattern mining algorithm called Sequential Pattern Acquisition by Reducing Search Space (SPARSS) designed for distributed data processing systems that efficiently handle large datasets containing sequential one‐element data. It introduces a prototype implementation of SPARSS and provides information on the SPARSS's memory and time requirements, which were calculated as part of experimental studies on a real‐world dataset. The results confirm our expectations and demonstrate SPARSS's superior scalability and run‐time efficiency compared to other distributed algorithms.
Diffusion Measurements To Understand Dynamics and Structuring in Solutions Involving a Homologous Series of Ionic Liquids
Authors: Morris Daniel C. , Morris Adrian R. , Price William S. , Prescott Stuart W. , Harper Jason B.
Published: February 2023

The self‐diffusion coefficients of each of the components in mixtures containing pyridine and each of the homologous series 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imides in acetonitrile were determined using NMR diffusometry (i. e., Pulsed Gradient Spin Echo). The nature of solvation was found to change significantly with the proportion of salt in the mixtures. Increased diffusion coefficients (when corrected for viscosity) for the molecular components were observed with increasing proportion of ionic liquid and with increasing alkyl chain length on the cation. Comparison of the molecular solvents suggests increased interactions in solution of the pyridine with other components of the mixture, consistent with the proposed interactions shown previously to drive changes in reaction kinetics. Discontinuities were seen in the diffusion data for each species in solution across different ionic liquids between the hexyl and octyl derivatives, suggesting a change in the structuring in solution as the alkyl chain on the cation changes and demonstrating the importance of such when considering homologous series.
A systematic review of measures of gender and biological sex: Exploring candidates for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) research
Authors: Stites Shana D. , Cao Hannah , James Richard , Harkins Kristin , Coykendall Cameron , Flatt Jason D.
Published: February 2023

Background

Gender and biological sex are social and structural determinants of health and umbrella concepts encompassing many distinct attributes. This systematic review summarizes measures of gender and biological sex published in the biomedical literature. The goal was to identify measures that may be useful to researchers studying Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias (AD/ADRD).

Methods

A search of PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO (ProQuest platform) databases from 2000 to 2021 identified 1454 articles, which were then screened by five independent reviewers. Measures of gender and biological sex are summarized according to theoretical commitments and psychometric properties.

Results

Twenty‐nine measures were identified that assessed gender‐related constructs, and 4 were identified that assessed biological factors. Self‐report instruments characterized aspects of gender, such as gender stereotypes, norms, and ideologies. One measure was developed with a focus on older adults (65+ years).

Discussion

We offer recommendations to guide measurement of gender in AD/ADRD research, including how the use of specific existing measures may help advance AD/ADRD research. The lack of gender measures for older adults limits AD/ADRD research. New measures may be needed to address lifespan and generational differences in gender factors.

Highlights

A review of articles identifies 29 measures of gender in biomedical research.

Gender is captured using multidimensional, self‐reported concepts.

One measure was developed with a focus on older adults (65+).
Effects of warming on the structure of aquatic communities in tropical bromeliad microecosystems
Authors: Progênio Melissa , Antiqueira Pablo A. P. , Oliveira Felipe R. , Meira Bianca R. , Lansac‐Tôha Fernando M. , Rodrigues Luzia C. , Romero Gustavo Q. , Nash Liam N. , Kratina Pavel , Velho Luiz F. M.
Published: February 2023

Freshwaters are among the most vulnerable ecosystems to climate warming, with projected temperature increases over the coming decades leading to significant losses of aquatic biodiversity. Experimental studies that directly warm entire natural ecosystems in the tropics are needed, for understanding the disturbances on aquatic communities. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to test the impacts of predicted future warming on density, alpha diversity, and beta diversity of freshwater aquatic communities, inhabiting natural microecosystems—Neotropical tank bromeliads. Aquatic communities within the tanks bromeliads were experimentally exposed to warming, with temperatures ranging from 23.58 to 31.72°C. Linear regression analysis was used to test the impacts of warming. Next, distance‐based redundancy analysis was performed to assess how warming might alter total beta diversity and its components. This experiment was conducted across a gradient of habitat size (bromeliad water volume) and availability of detrital basal resources. A combination of the highest detritus biomass and higher experimental temperatures resulted in the greatest density of flagellates. However, the density of flagellates declined in bromeliads with higher water volume and lower detritus biomass. Moreover, the combination of the highest water volume and high temperature reduced density of copepods. Finally, warming changed microfauna species composition, mostly through species substitution (βrepl component of total beta‐diversity). These findings indicate that warming strongly structures freshwater communities by reducing or increasing densities of different aquatic communities groups. It also enhances beta‐diversity, and many of these effects are modulated by habitat size or detrital resources.
Cryptanalysis and improvement of an authentication protocol for wireless sensor networks
Authors:   Neerul , Kumar Devender
Published: February 2023

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network which is composed of many sensor nodes. The sensor nodes in WSN are widespread and lightweight which are deployed for environmental or system monitoring. These sensor nodes within the WSNs communicate with one another using wireless lines. WSNs have practical applications in numerous fields such as smart city, medicine, military, agriculture, and so forth. It is easy for an adversary to intercept the network and steal the valuable information. Consequently, these sensor nodes need enhanced security. Recently, Kwon et al have proposed an authentication scheme for WSNs. However, in this paper, we analyze the security of their scheme and discover that their protocol fails to provide perfect forward security and user untraceability. Also their protocol fails to withstand against session specific random number leakage attack, privileged insider attack and password guessing attack. Their protocol uses only two‐factor authentication scheme. In order to overcome the weaknesses of their protocol, we develop a secure three‐factor authentication protocol which is based on symmetric key cryptography. We use ProVerif tool to perform its formal security verification and use random oracle model for its formal security analysis. We also show the correctness of mutual authentication of the proposed scheme using BAN logic. Its informal security analysis indicates that the designed scheme can withstand against various known attacks. In the performance analysis, we show that the proposed scheme offers more security features than the other related schemes and has less communication cost as compared to Kwon et al protocol.
Altruistic behaviour decreases agent's unhealthy food intake: Based on the self‐determination theory model of vitality
Authors: Fu Xinyuan , Zhu Keke , Li Shuxian , Zhang Mei , Kan Yu , Hu Zeze , Guo Huimin , Zhang Mengyuan
Published: February 2023

This study explored whether altruistic behaviour would decrease agent's unhealthy food intake, and whether vitality and state self‐control would sequentially mediate this effect based on the Self‐Determination Theory Model of Vitality. It included 1019 college students in total across three studies. Study 1 was a laboratory experiment. By framing a physical task as a helping behaviour or a neutral experimental task, we examined whether these framed tasks impacted participants' subsequent unhealthy food intake levels. Study 2 was an online investigation measuring the relationship between donation (vs. no donation) behaviour and participant's estimated unhealthy food intake level. Study 3 was an online experiment with a mediation test. By random assignment of conducting a donation behaviour versus a neutral task, we examined whether these behaviours affected participants' vitality, state self‐control, and estimated unhealthy food intake levels. In addition, we tested a sequential mediation model with vitality and state self‐control as the mediators. Both unhealthy and healthy foods were included in Study 2 and 3. Results showed that altruistic behaviour could decrease agent's unhealthy (but not healthy) food intake, and this effect was sequentially mediated by vitality and state self‐control. The findings highlight that altruistic acts may buffer agents against unhealthy eating behaviour.
Censored density forecasts: Production and evaluation
Authors: Mitchell James , Weale Martin
Published: February 2023

This paper develops methods for the production and evaluation of censored density forecasts. The focus is on censored density forecasts that quantify forecast risks in a middle region of the density covering a specified probability and ignore the magnitude but not the frequency of outlying observations. We propose a fixed‐point algorithm that fits a potentially skewed and fat‐tailed density to the inner observations, acknowledging that the outlying observations may be drawn from a different but unknown distribution. We also introduce a new test for calibration of censored density forecasts. An application using historical forecast errors from the Federal Reserve Board and the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) at the Bank of England suggests that the use of censored density functions to represent the pattern of forecast errors results in much greater parameter stability than do uncensored densities. We illustrate the utility of censored density forecasts when quantifying forecast risks after shocks such as the global financial crisis and the COVID‐19 pandemic and find that these outperform the official forecasts produced by the MPC.
Comparison of wet and dried chickpea yeast in breadmaking
Authors: Durmaz Raziye , Şahin Nazlı , Koyuncu Mehmet , Sayaslan Abdulvahit
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Chickpea yeast (CY), initiated by spontaneous fermentation of coarsely‐ground chickpea in water, is considered a variant of conventional sourdough and contributes somewhat similarly to bakery products. As the preparation of wet CY prior to each baking process poses certain difficulties, its usage in dry form has been gaining interest. In this study, CY was used either directly in freshly prepared wet form or in freeze‐dried and spray‐dried forms at 50, 100 and 150 g kg−1 levels (all on 14% moisture basis) in substitution with wheat flour to compare their effects on bread properties.

RESULTS

Utilization of all forms of CY did not noticeably change the contents of protein, fat, ash, total carbohydrate and damaged starch in the wheat flour–CY mixtures. However, falling numbers and sedimentation volumes of CY‐containing mixtures decreased significantly, due probably to the increase in the amylolytic and proteolytic activities during chickpea fermentation. These changes somewhat corresponded to improved dough processability. Both wet and dried CY samples reduced pH levels of doughs and breads, and increased probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count. Total phenolic contents, antioxidant capacities and flavor scores of CY‐containing breads were significantly enhanced. However, CY usage slightly influenced yield, moisture content, volume, color and hardness values of breads.

CONCLUSION

Effects of wet and dried forms of CY on bread properties were quite comparable, indicating that CY can be used upon properly drying similarly to the conventional wet form.

© 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.