bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“A very special song from Queen to you!” The role of music in destination promotional videos
Authors: Coronel Monica , Irimiás Anna
Published: November 2022

Purpose

This study aims to contribute to the discussion on the interplay between music and destination advertising by exploring the roles of music in destination promotional videos (DPVs).

Design/methodology/approach

Eight focus group discussions on DPVs about Budapest (Hungary) were assessed through thematic analysis. Individuals’ interactions with and perceptions of advertising can be explored in depth through the former, whereas the latter allowed to identify the roles of music in DPVs.

Findings

Results show that music plays a very important role in DPVs in which it acts as a conveyor. Viewers associate a DPV’s musical elements and genre with a destination’s character. Here, the use and remix of traditional music was felt to be controversial because of its ability to communicate cultural identity. The music caught the audience’s attention, elicited emotions in them and made them think about the destination in question. An original music track can make a video memorable.

Research limitations/implications

A convenience sample was used with international and Hungarian university students for the focus groups.

Practical implications

Music is a powerful conveyor of the particular characteristics of a destination and if the structural elements of music, such as tempo, rhythm and dynamics, are chosen appropriately, tourism marketers can create compelling promotional videos. By recognising that different audiences are attracted by different genres of music, marketers can target specific tourist segments. Furthermore, tourism marketers are advised to ask locals’ opinions about which music best represents their city’s cultural identity.

Originality/value

Through an understanding of the important role of music in DPVs, this study provides a novel insight into assessing young people’s cognitive and affective responses to music in promotional videos.
Pay inequality and annual report readability
Authors: Park KoEun
Published: November 2022

Purpose

This study examines the relation between pay inequalities in top management teams and how efficiently firms convey valuation-relevant information to investors. Given that reward comparisons with reference groups create feelings of inequity, top management team pay inequalities can impair the information environment. This manifests into lengthier or less readable financial reports.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper employs an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model to test whether and how the pay distribution in the top management team is associated with the readability of the annual report. It also employs a two-stage least squares (2SLS) regression model to further address the endogeneity concern. Lastly, it conducts cross-sectional analyses to examine heterogeneity in the observed relation.

Findings

Using the intra-firm pay gap as a proxy for pay inequality and file size, Bog Index and Fog Index of the 10-K filings as a proxy for financial report readability, the author finds that firms with larger pay gaps exhibit lengthier or less readable 10-K filings. The main findings are robust to the use of an instrumental variable approach. She finds some evidence that the relation is less pronounced when pay gaps are justified by explicit legal authority of CEOs or high ability of CEOs. The main results are robust to considerations of alternative explanations.

Originality/value

This paper adds a new dimension to the debate on pay inequality by studying pay gaps in the top management team and financial report readability. The author's findings have important implications for executive compensation policies and for corporate disclosure policies.
3D‐printed procedural task trainer for the aspiration of penile corpus cavernosa in ischaemic priapism
Authors: Harvey Steven B , Bezzina Andrew J , Mac Partlin Matthew , Caldwell Janice , Short Leah
Published: November 2022

Objective

The development and initial clinical assessment of a novel 3D‐printed procedural task trainer for the aspiration of penile corpus cavernosa in ischaemic priapism.

Methods

A task trainer for the aspiration of penile corpus cavernosa was designed and manufactured using commercially available 3D printing equipment. The trainer was assessed in two separate training sessions led by faculty investigators. Participants in the sessions were asked to complete a post‐procedure survey with regards to the utility and realism of the task trainer.

Results

The participants (n = 14) covered a broad spectrum of clinician types. The trainer was perceived by the participants as being anatomically realistic, and especially while under drapes provided a reasonable facsimile of real clinical setup. The trainer proved resilient to multiple attempts at aspiration by multiple participants.

Conclusions

Participant and facilitator feedback indicates that the task trainer is a useful platform to train for what is a low frequency, but high stakes, procedure. Small numbers of participants preclude statistical rigour and certainty regarding overall performance of the trainer. However, the uniformity in the responses would suggest that this is indeed a task trainer that is ‘fit for purpose’.
The effect of metformin or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors on clinical outcomes in metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Yang Jieun , Kim Se Hyun , Jung Eun Hee , Kim Sang‐A , Suh Koung Jin , Lee Ji Yun , Kim Ji‐Won , Kim Jin Won , Lee Jeong‐Ok , Kim Yu Jung , Lee Keun‐Wook , Kim Jee Hyun , Bang Soo‐Mee , Lee Jong Seok
Published: November 2022

Background

Preclinical data have shown the immunomodulatory effects of metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors in patients with diabetes. However, its clinical impact remains unclear in lung cancer.

Methods

Between 2017 and 2021, 466 patients received ICI monotherapy. Patients were categorized into concurrent (MET; metformin or combination of metformin and DPP4 inhibitor) and without concomitant (NMET; nonmetformin/DPP4 inhibitors) administration of metformin and DPP4 inhibitors groups at least 8 weeks before and during ICI therapy. The primary objectives were the objective response rate (ORR) and progression‐free survival (PFS). The second objective was to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and the occurrence of immune‐related adverse events (irAEs).

Results

Among 466 patients, 89 (19.0%) and 377 (81%) were categorized into the MET and NMET groups, respectively. MET group had a significantly higher ORR (MET group: 24.7% vs. NMET group: 14.8%, p = 0.025) and longer PFS than those in the NMET group (MET group 5.1 month vs. NMET group 2.8 months, p = 0.018). After patients were stratified based on the prior line of therapy and PD L1 expression status, the PFS of the second‐line therapy and PD L1 ≥50 was significantly higher in the MET than in the NMET group. The proportion of patients experiencing all‐grade irAEs was numerically higher in the MET group (19.1%) than in the NMET group (14.3%), without statistical significance (p = 0.382).

Conclusions

Concurrent use of metformin and DPP4 inhibitors with ICIs significantly improved the clinical outcomes without increasing the incidence of irAEs in NSCLC.
Resistance to fracture of simulated external cervical resorption cavities repaired with different materials
Authors: Arıcan Burçin , Sesen Uslu Yesim , Sarıalioğlu Güngör Ayça
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate the fracture resistance (FR) of teeth with simulated external cervical resorption (ECR) cavities repaired with different materials. Following the shaping of the 80 human permanent maxillary central incisors, standard ECR cavities were prepared and restored with a nanohybrid composite resin; a high viscosity GIC Equia Forte Fill; Biodentine; Biodentine + nanohybrid composite resin; MTA BIOREP; MTA BIOREP + nanohybrid composite resin. Then, the root canals were obturated with AH Plus and gutta‐percha. The roots were embedded acrylic resin blocks and fracture strength test was applied. The highest FR was observed in the Biodentine group, while the lowest was in Equia group (p < 0.05). No significant results were observed among composite, Biodentine + composite, MTA BIOREP + composite and MTA BIOREP (p > 0.05). Biodentine may be a preferable material for repairing ECR cavities. Adding a composite layer on MTA BIOREP and Biodentine did not improve the FR of these materials.
What is free food worth? A nonmarket valuation approach to estimating the welfare effects of food pantry services
Authors: Byrne Anne T. , Just David R.
Published: November 2022

Food pantries provide groceries to millions of households in the United States every year. Although there is research and information on many other aspects of food pantries, including financial information such as tax valuations for donated food, there is not a literature establishing the economic value of food pantry access for clients and potential clients. We use a valuation approach from environmental economics, revealed preference travel cost modeling, in a novel application to estimate food pantry value. We use a rich administrative dataset from a food bank system in Colorado and estimate demand for pantry visits, exploiting the move of a local pantry to correct for endogeneity bias. We find that the annual value of pantry access to pantry client households is between $600 and $1000, and the value per pantry visit is between $40 and $60. If we assume these values hold nationally, our localized results imply that the collective value of food pantry access among pantry client households may be between $19 billion and $28 billion dollars annually.
The impact of rural nursing and midwifery clinical placements from the perspective of health service staff
Authors: Walker Clara , Forbes Roma
Published: November 2022

Objective

To explore the impact of providing nursing and midwifery student placements from the perspective of regional, rural and remote health service staff involved in hosting students.

Setting

Hospital and health services across regional, rural and remote southern Queensland.

Participants

Thirty‐six nursing and midwifery staff working in clinical and/or management roles who were direct clinical supervisors of students or in leadership positions with responsibility for overseeing and supporting clinical placements.

Design

Semi‐structured interviews exploring the experiences and perspectives of nursing and midwifery health service staff who support student placements. Data were subject to thematic analysis.

Results

Five key themes were identified as follows: (a) bringing new ideas and perspectives, (b) opportunities for development, (c) supporting the future rural workforce (d) impacts on workload and productivity and (e) strategies for balancing supervision.

Conclusion

The results indicate that there are a range of perceived benefits and challenges of providing nursing and midwifery student placements within regional, rural and remote settings. The findings also indicate that there are opportunities to further support rural health services to optimise the positive impacts and mitigate the challenges of providing placements. To do so requires collaboration between health services and education providers to allocate students appropriately to health services and support health service staff.
Letter: vaccination for global control of hepatitis B—from prevention to elimination
Authors: Lin Chih‐Lin , Kao Jia‐Horng
Published: November 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Wong et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17120 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17271
Editorial: implications and future perspectives of the increase in biologics use in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Vuijk Stephanie A. , de Ridder Lissy
Published: November 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Burgess et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17217
Editorial: food insecurity, diet quality, racial and ethnic disparities in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Vilar‐Gomez Eduardo
Published: November 2022

LINKED CONTENT

This article is linked to Kardashian et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17219
Characterisation of children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia who presented without peripheral blood blasts at diagnosis
Authors: Mangum David Spencer , Bishop Johnathon D. , Zhou Yinmei , Cheng Cheng , Karol Seth E. , Rubnitz Jeffrey E. , Ribeiro Raul C. , Yang Jun J. , Mullighan Charles G. , Jeha Sima , Pui Ching‐Hon , Inaba Hiroto
Published: November 2022

Of 1003 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), 147 (14.7%) presented without peripheral blood blasts (PBB). While absence of PBB was not independently associated with survival outcomes when compared to those with PBB, patients without PBB had distinct genetic and clinical characteristics. Notably, we identified a novel genotype–phenotype relationship, in that the patients without PBB had a significantly higher incidence of hyperdiploid B‐ALL, accounting for almost half of all patients without PBB (46.9% vs. 22.7%, p < 0.001). Further, absence of PBB was associated with decreased rates of leukaemia involvement of the central nervous system (p < 0.001).
Septin 9 controls CCNB1 stabilization via APC/CCDC20 during meiotic metaphase I/anaphase I transition in mouse oocytes
Authors: Chen Li , Ouyang Ying‐Chun , Gu Lin‐Jian , Guo Jia‐Ni , Han Zhi‐Ming , Wang Zhen‐Bo , Hou Yi , Schatten Heide , Sun Qing‐Yuan
Published: November 2022

The anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) and its cofactors CDH1 and CDC20 regulate the accumulation/degradation of CCNB1 during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Generally, the CCNB1 degradation mediated by APC/CCDC20 activity is essential for the transition from metaphase to anaphase. Here, by using siRNA and mRNA microinjection, as well as time‐lapse live imaging, we showed that Septin 9, which mediates the binding of septins to microtubules, is critical for oocyte meiotic cell cycle progression. The oocytes were arrested at the MI stage and the connection between chromosome kinetochores and spindle microtubules was disrupted after Septin 9 depletion. As it is well known that spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is an important regulator of the MI‐AI transition, we thus detected the SAC activity and the expression of CDC20 and CCNB1 which were the downstream proteins of SAC during this critical period. The signals of Mad1 and BubR1 still remained on the kinetochores of chromosomes in Septin 9 siRNA oocytes at 9.5 h of in vitro culture when most control oocytes entered anaphase I. The expression of CCNB1 did not decrease and the expression of CDC20 did not increase at 9.5 h in Septin 9 siRNA oocytes. Microinjection of mRNA encoding Septin 9 or CDC20 could partially rescue MI arrest caused by Septin 9 siRNA. These results suggest that Septin 9 is required for meiotic MI‐AI transition by regulating the kinetochore‐microtubule connection and SAC protein localization on kinetochores, whose effects are transmitted to APC/CCDC20 activity and CCNB1 degradation in mouse oocytes.
S2k Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of mucous membrane pemphigoid
Authors: Hofmann Silke C. , Günther Claudia , Böckle Barbara C. , Didona Dario , Ehrchen Jan , Gaskins Matthew , Geerling Gerd , Gläser Regine , Hadaschik Eva , Hampl Monika , Haßkamp Pia , Jackowski Jochen , Kiritsi Dimitra , Nast Alexander , Pleyer Uwe , Reichel Christoph , Roth Mathias , Schumann Michael , Sticherling Michael , Worm Margitta , Zillikens Detlef , Goebeler Matthias , Schmidt Enno
Published: November 2022

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a pemphigoid disease with predominant mucous membrane involvement. It mainly affects the mucous membranes of the mouth, eyes, nose and pharynx, but also the larynx, trachea, esophagus, genital and perianal regions. The manifestation of the disease covers a wide spectrum from gingival erythema and single oral lesions to severe tracheal strictures that obstruct breathing and conjunctival scarring with marked visual impairment and, not infrequently, blindness. In addition to a clinical picture of predominant mucosal involvement, diagnosis is based on direct immunofluorescence of a peri‐lesional biopsy and serology. The main target antigen is BP180 (collagen XVII), and reactivity with laminin 332 is associated with malignancy in approximately 25 % of MMP patients. The treatment of MMP is challenging. On the one hand, due to the involvement of different mucous membranes, good interdisciplinary cooperation is required; on the other hand, due to the rarity of the disease, no randomized controlled clinical trials are available. The aim of this guideline is to present the clinical picture, including severity and scoring systems, and to give guidance for diagnosing and treating this complex disease. In MMP, interdisciplinary cooperation plays an essential role as well as the prompt diagnosis and initiation of adequate therapy in order to avoid irreversible damage to the mucous membranes with serious complications.
Transcatheter mitral valve repair in a liver transplant candidate
Authors: Ates Ismail , Mutlu Deniz , Inanc Ibrahim Halil , Marmagkiolis Konstantinos , Iliescu Cezar A. , Kilic Ismail Dogu , Cilingiroglu Mehmet
Published: November 2022

Untreated severe mitral regurgitation (MR) is associated with poor outcomes due to the adverse consequences of long‐standing volume overload on the left ventricle and left atrium, which leads to pulmonary hypertension and right‐sided heart failure. Early intervention results in favorable long‐term outcomes making appropriate timing of intervention very critical. We present a 53‐year‐old male with severe symptomatic MR and right sided‐heart failure which progressed to cardiac cirrhosis necessitating enrollment to the liver transplant list. Transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) using MitraClip implantation resulted in impressive clinical improvement and resolution of cirrhosis. Eventually, the patient was taken off the transplant list. Treatment of severe MR may lead to improvements in congestive hepatopathy.
MNK/eIF4E inhibition overcomes anlotinib resistance in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Hui , Li Quan , Hu Qiyan , Liu Bo
Published: November 2022

Anlotinib is approved for refractory cases in advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This is a novel oral multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor, but patients inevitably face prospects of drug resistance during the treatment process. Using anlotinib‐resistant NSCLC models, this work investigated the underlying molecular mechanism and systematically addressed the issue of anlotinib resistance. We demonstrated that expression and activity of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) were upregulated in NSCLC cells due to prolonged exposure to anlotinib. eIF4E depletion resulted in significant effects to anlotinib‐resistant cells, showing proliferation inhibition and apoptosis inducement. We further showed that MAP kinase interacting serine/threonine kinase (MNK)‐dependent eIF4E inhibition by cercosporamide was active against anlotinib‐resistant cells and significantly augmented anlotinib's efficacy in parental NSCLC cells. Importantly, observations from in‐vitro experiments are consistent in in vivo anlotinib‐resistant and anlotinib‐sensitive NSCLC cancer xenograft mouse models. Our work is the first to reveal that eIF4E is involved intimately in anlotinib resistance development in NSCLC, and this eIF4E activation can be reversed by cercosporamide or other MNK inhibitors.
Effect of interface roughness on fracture energy and fracture process zone of rock‐concrete specimens
Authors: Guo Yuzhu , Chen Xudong , Liu Jixuan , Chen Tao , Wu Jin
Published: November 2022

To investigate the effect of interface roughness on the fracture behaviors of rock‐concrete specimens, the acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) techniques are used to monitor the fracture process of the granite‐concrete specimens with different interfacial roughnesses under three‐point bending (TPB) load. The initial fracture toughness of rock‐concrete specimens with different interfacial roughnesses is calculated. The characteristic parameters of the AE are also discussed. Based on the fracture mechanics theory, the transient critical response equation and the stress‐crack opening displacement model for the rock‐concrete interface crack opening displacement (COD) based on micro–macro crack interactions are established. The determination of the model parameters is achieved by the DIC technique, and the fracture energies of interfaces with different roughnesses are calculated based on the model with the determined parameters. The validity of the model is verified by comparing the calculation results with those from the existing fracture energy calculation methods.
Infra‐ and labio‐position of two maxillary central incisor implants in an older adult at a 17‐year follow‐up
Authors: Park Won‐Bae , Han Ji‐Young , Thoma Daniel S. , Herr Yeek , Lim Hyun‐Chang
Published: November 2022

Objective

This report aims to present an infra‐ and labio‐version of the implants relative to the surrounding teeth in an older patient.

Background

Infra‐positioning of dental implants has been sometimes observed in young adults but not in older patients.

Materials and methods

Two implants were placed in both central incisor areas in a 63‐year‐old female patient in 2002. A splinted implant prosthesis was inserted six months later.

Results

After 17 years, a deviation in the position of the implant crown on the #21 area was 9.94 mm labially and 4.69 mm apically with respect to the adjacent tooth (#22). The corresponding values of the implant crown on the #11 area were 5.96 and 2.34 mm (with respect to #12), respectively.

Conclusion

Dental implants in older adults might develop horizontal and vertical discrepancies relative to the neighbouring teeth.
Associations between salivary testosterone levels and cognitive function among 70‐year‐old Japanese elderly: A cross‐sectional analysis of the SONIC study
Authors: Hirokawa Kumi , Kasuga Ayaka , Matsumoto Kiyoaki , Omori Yasuko , Masui Yukie , Nakagawa Takeshi , Ogawa Madoka , Ishioka Yoshiko , Inagaki Hiroki , Ikebe Kazunori , Arai Yasumichi , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Kamide Kei , Gondo Yasuyuki
Published: November 2022

Aim

This cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate the associations between salivary testosterone concentrations and cognitive function in 70‐year‐old Japanese elderly people without dementia and stroke.

Methods

Participants were 197 Japanese community‐dwelling people aged 69–71 years. Their salivary samples were collected, and their cognitive function was assessed using the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA‐J). Participants were also administered a 10‐item recall and a 24‐item recognition test. The data for 179 (106 men and 73 women) individuals were analyzed, excluding individuals with a past history of stroke and dementia. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed after adjusting for lifestyle factors and analyzing data separately for men and women.

Results

MoCA‐J scores showed that men with low testosterone concentrations had a significantly greater risk of low cognitive performance than those with high testosterone concentrations (adjusted odds ratio: 4.72, 95% confidence interval: 1.06–21.00), while no significant association was found in women. The 10‐item recall test scores showed that higher testosterone concentrations were significantly associated with greater recall in the second trial in women (standardized beta = 0.24, P = 0.040), whereas no significant association was found in men. Salivary testosterone concentrations were positively associated with better cognitive performance in older men and women.

Conclusions

The associations between salivary testosterone concentrations and cognitive function were shown by different tasks for men and women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 1040–1046.
Spatial differentiation and factors influencing the benefits of industrial poverty alleviation in villages
Authors: He Tian , Chen Rui Yuan , Wang Zi Yi , Sun Ping Jun , Shi Man Jiang , Xiong Lin , Liu Yuan Li , Liao He Ping
Published: November 2022

Industrial poverty alleviation is one of the most important aspects of targeted poverty alleviation. Identifying the mechanism influencing the spatial differentiation of the benefits of industrial poverty alleviation plays an essential role in optimising an industrial layout for poverty alleviation, consolidating poverty alleviation achievements, and revitalising rural industries. This study examined the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the benefits of industrial poverty alleviation at the village level using the household data collected from Jiangjin District, Chongqing, China. The results show that the benefits of industrial poverty alleviation presented obvious spatial differentiation in the villages with the overall performance being high in the north and low in the south and decreasing from the south of the county to the north and south. Spatially, there was a significant positively correlated agglomeration effect. High‐value agglomeration areas were concentrated in the north with the characteristics of ‘one centre and two subcentres’. However, low‐value and outlier agglomeration effects were not obvious, presenting sporadic distribution. Seven major factors affect industrial poverty alleviation in Jiangjin District, including average altitude and land transfer rate. The interaction between any two of the seven factors has a more significant impact than that of a single factor.
The usefulness of a newly developed full‐core biopsy needle in liver biopsy
Authors: Takeuchi Hirohito , Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Kakegawa Tatsuya , Tomita Yusuke , Takahashi Hiroshi , Wada Takuya , Abe Masakazu , Yoshimasu Yu , Matsubayashi Jun , Nagao Toshitaka , Itoi Takao
Published: November 2022

Aim

To evaluate the usefulness and safety of a newly developed full‐core biopsy needle.

Methods

We selected 149 patients who underwent percutaneous liver biopsy at our institution from February 2019 to April 2021. We excluded 35 patients with hepatic fibrosis stage F3 or higher, which made it histopathologically difficult to measure the number of complete portal triads. The patients were divided into two groups as follows: 62 cases with the 18‐G conventional automated needle (TruCore needle: T needle), and 52 cases with the 18‐G full‐core needle (CorVocet needle: C needle). We measured the number of complete portal triads in the liver tissue specimens, and the sum of the length and width of the collected tissues. Moreover, we compared the number of session counts, fragmentations, and complications.

Results

The sum of the length and the width was 12.8 mm (11.2–14.3) and 15.9 mm (13.1–17.3; p < 0.001), and 0.68 mm (0.63–0.74) and 0.82 mm (0.78–0.90; p < 0.001) for the T needle and C needle, respectively. The number of complete portal triads and fragmentation was six (3–8) and 10 (6–13; p < 0.001), and one (1–10) and one (1–3; p < 0.001), for the T needle and C needle, respectively. There was one session count (1–2) in both groups; however, there were significantly higher cases of two sessions with the T needle than that with the C needle (p = 0.018). There were no serious adverse events.

Conclusions

Compared with the conventional needles, the newly developed full‐core needles enabled the acquisition of a larger amount of tissue sample in liver biopsy.
Clinical utility of nailfold capillaroscopy
Authors: Roberts‐Thomson Peter J. , Patterson Karen A. , Walker Jennifer G.
Published: November 2022

Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is a simple noninvasive microscopic technique used to identify characteristic morphological abnormalities in the nailfold capillaries. The presence of this microvasculopathy appears to be of fundamental importance in the pathological processes that underlie the scleroderma spectrum disorders (including dermatomyositis and antisynthetase myositis). This review discusses the different methodologies and techniques in performing NFC and stresses the diagnostic utility achieved with simple ‘bedside’ techniques utilising the ophthalmoscope, dermatoscope or smart phone. Recent advances in reporting abnormal microvascular patterns and vascular metrics (e.g. capillary density and dropout) are discussed. The aetiopathogenesis of the microvasculopathy is currently unknown but its close association with Raynaud Phenomena and specific autoantibodies together with recent observations from sequential NFC allows speculations on its possible mechanism. Finally, future developments in the use of NFC as a possible biomarker in the management of the scleroderma spectrum disorders are discussed, with a recommendation that NFC becomes more widely available, particularly in rheumatological, immunological and dermatological practice. NFC provides a clinically accessible window on the pathologic process fundamental to scleroderma‐related disease.
Vegetation change on Mt. Teide, the Atlantic's highest volcano, inferred by incorporating the data underlying Humboldt'sTableau Physique des Iles Canaries
Authors: Renner Susanne S. , Otto Rüdiger , Martín‐Esquivel José Luis , Marrero‐Gómez Manuel V. , Fernández‐Palacios José María
Published: November 2022

Aim

We analyse the oldest available data on the high‐elevation vegetation on Tenerife's Mt. Teide, namely the species shown in A. von Humboldt's (1817)Tableau Physique des Iles Canaries(TPIC), which is based on his own 1799 visit and an 1815 visit by L. von Buch and C. Smith. The analysis is of interest in the context of climate change and biotic changes, such as the eradication of non‐native goats from the Teide National Park. Between 1944 and 2010, the summit region of Mt. Teide has warmed at a rate of 0.14°C/decade.

Location

Mt. Teide on Tenerife, Canary Islands.

Taxon

Vascular plants.

Methods

We updated the taxonomy of the 197 species shown in the TPIC, data‐mined publications and letters, searched relevant herbaria for surviving collections, and compared historic and modern species presence, absence and elevational ranges.

Results

Both Humboldt and Buch had to use formulas to convert barometer readings into elevations above sea level, and none of Humboldt's collections and few of Buch's are linked to precise elevations. The upper range limits of all 23 species for which we found data have shifted upward, with the average shift being 36.4 m per decade (1799/1815–2021). Four species that today are abundant were not recorded in 1815, suggesting population expansion, probably due to goat eradication.

Main conclusions

While our data cannot disentangle the effects of climate change and changing herbivory, they provide the earliest available record on the vegetation on Mt. Teide and illustrate the magnitude of change.
Comment on: Comparison of supine and seated orthostatic hypotension assessments and their association with falls and orthostatic symptoms
Authors: Baker Jacquie R. , Raj Satish R.
Published: November 2022

See the Reply by Juraschek et al.
Reply to: Comment on: Comparison of supine and seated orthostatic hypotension assessments and their association with falls and orthostatic symptoms
Authors: Juraschek Stephen P. , Appel Lawrence J. , Lipsitz Lewis A. , Miller Edgar R.
Published: November 2022

This letter comments on the letter by Baker et al.
Does it pay to be science‐based green? The impact of science‐based emission‐reduction targets on corporate financial performance
Authors: Bendig David , Wagner Andreas , Lau Kevin
Published: November 2022

The number of companies with highly ambitious carbon emission targets is increasing rapidly. So‐called science‐based emission‐reduction targets (SBTs) are aligned with the aim of the Paris Climate Agreement to limit global warming to below 2°C and preferably to 1.5°C. These voluntary corporate emission targets are substantially more challenging than companies’ prevailing reduction objectives, because climate science guides the target setting. By 2021, more than 2200 companies had publicly engaged in SBTs, covering more than a third of the global market capitalization. The number of participating firms has essentially doubled every year since the first SBTs in 2015. Despite this increased empirical relevance, the impact of SBTs on firm outcomes remains unclear. Notably, their effect on corporate financial performance (CFP) is unknown. The present study addresses this research gap by empirically examining the relationship between corporate carbon emission performance (CCP) and CFP of firms with SBTs from 2015 to 2020. The cross‐country panel comprises 2014 observations of 465 firms. Our findings indicate a positive association between CCP and CFP for firms engaging in SBTs, implying a positive relation between decarbonization efforts and financial results. We thereby advance research on the important question of when it pays to be green. On a practical level, we provide transparency on the effects of SBTs for managers and climate‐change advocates.
Relationship between placental hemodynamics and placental histological analysis in third trimester
Authors: Sakuragi Toshihide , Shibata Eiji , Kondo Emi , Higami Shota , Fujimoto Shigeki , Amimoto Shoko , Mori Hiroshi , Aramaki Satoshi , Tsuji Mayumi , Yoshino Kiyoshi
Published: November 2022

Aim

To investigate whether vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI) correlate with the pathological structure of the placenta and whether there were any differences in VI, FI, VFI, and placental pathological structure between the normal and preeclampsia (PE) groups.

Methods

Fifty‐five pregnant women (normal group, n = 27; PE group, n = 28) underwent VI, FI, and VFI at four locations in the placenta during the second and third trimesters. Two hematoxylin and eosin (HE)‐stained specimens of the postpartum placenta were prepared. We randomly selected two of these locations and used ImageJ, an open‐source image package, to quantify intervillous blood vessels (IBV), intervillous spaces (IS), and intervillous blood vessels + intervillous spaces (IBV + IS) per unit placenta and analyzed their correlation with VI, FI, and VFI.

Results

There was no positive correlation between VI, FI, VFI, IBV, IS, and IBV + IS. There were no significant differences in VI, FI, and VFI between the normal and PE groups; however, there were significant differences in IBV, IS, and IBV + IS in the PE group compared to those in the normal group.

Conclusions

Placental hemodynamics measured by VI, FI, and VFI were not positively correlated with placental morphology in the third trimester. There were no differences in the VI, FI, and VFI in the third trimester between the normal and PE groups, suggesting that these may reflect placental circulatory insufficiency.
Understanding the ongoing learning needs of Australian metropolitan, rural and remote paediatricians: Evaluation of a neurology outreach programme
Authors: Le Marne Fleur A , Stephens Lila M , Kranzusch Kira , Gunaratne Pushpika C , Ryan Patrick J , Archer Neil D , Beggs Sean , Balasooriya Chinthaka , Bye Ann ME
Published: November 2022

Aim

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a neurology outreach teaching programme delivered via video‐teleconferencing (6 × 60 min live sessions every 6–8 weeks) is acceptable, contributes to understanding and meets the neurology learning needs of Australian paediatricians from metropolitan, rural and remote areas.

Methods

A sample of six NSW sites that joined the neurology outreach programme between 2017 and 2019 (Arm 1) and six interstate sites from QLD, WA and TAS who commenced the programme in 2020 (Arm 2) participated. A mixed‐methods survey explored participants' learning needs and value of the programme.

Results

Forty‐six participants submitted programme evaluation surveys (26 arm 1, 20 arm 2); 9 were removed due to insufficient data (n = 37). Quantitative and qualitative data showed the programme was acceptable in format, relevant to practice, appropriate for clinician learning needs, and engaging. Clinicians reported improvement in understanding and confidence. Participants felt more connected/less isolated and up‐to‐date. Participants reported a positive impact from the programme on approach to neurological problems and ensuing consults, and more differentiated and appropriate paediatric neurology referrals.

Conclusion

This study validates the live video‐teleconference outreach model as an acceptable, effective and important means of providing continuing neurology education for Australian paediatricians.
Can air purification improve sleep quality? A 2‐week randomised‐controlled crossover pilot study in healthy adults
Authors: Lamport Daniel J. , Breese Emily , Gião Maria Salomé , Chandra Sachin , Orchard Faith
Published: November 2022

Insufficient quantity and quality of sleep is a public health concern that can be addressed by interventions for improving sleep outcomes. Environmental factors such as poor air quality are a potential target for intervention, particularly in light of associations between air pollution and worse sleep. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of using an air purifier on sleep outcomes and mood in 30 healthy adults. There were two conditions: (i) air purifier with a high‐efficiency particulate air filter; (ii) air purifier with a placebo filter. Participants undertook both conditions, each over 2 weeks with a 2‐week washout, following a counterbalanced, double‐blind design. Daily sleep outcomes were measured with actigraphy watches and sleep diaries, whilst daily mood was assessed with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. The Insomnia Severity Index, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and symptoms of anxiety and depression were measured pre‐ and post‐. The purifier filter was associated with increased total sleep time for an average of 12 min per night, and increased total time in bed for an average of 19 min per night relative to the placebo. There were several sleep and mood outcomes for which no changes were observed, and time awake after sleep onset was higher for the purifier filter. Air quality was better during the high‐efficiency particulate air filter condition. These findings offer positive indications that environmental interventions that improve air quality can have benefits for sleep outcomes in healthy populations who are not exhibiting clinical sleep disturbances.
On Sanctitatis nova signa: A provisional case against Celano's authorship
Authors: Isidro Belleza Jose
Published: November 2022

This paper advances a provisional case denying the attribution of the medieval liturgical sequence Sanctitatis nova signa, written in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi, to Thomas of Celano (died c. 1260), who is best known for writing the earliest biography of the saint. The Conventual Franciscan friar and bishop, Pietro Ridolfi, provides the oldest extant attribution of this sequence to Celano. Luke Wadding (died 1657) echoes this point in his Annales Minorum; several recent critical editions of early Franciscan texts, as well as countless secondary sources, cite Wadding for the attribution to Celano. This identification remains problematic, not only due to the lateness of the Ridolfi-Wadding claim; the sequence's use of Dionysian mystical motifs and details unique to Bonaventure's Legenda Major (completed 1262) should exclude the possibility of Celano's authorship. Consequently this study tentatively dates the sequence to the latter part of the thirteenth century. Unlike the earlier sequences for Saint Francis attributed to Pope Gregory IX (died 1241) and Thomas of Capua (died 1243), Sanctitatis depicts Francis as a model Dionysian mystic. This mystical exemplarity becomes the image of unity advanced by the Franciscans to heal the internal crises plaguing the order in the later thirteenth century.
High‐throughput phenotyping‐based quantitative trait loci mapping reveals the genetic architecture of the salt stress tolerance of Brassica napus
Authors: Zhang Guofang , Zhou Jinzhi , Peng Yan , Tan Zengdong , Zhang Yuting , Zhao Hu , Liu Dongxu , Liu Xiao , Li Long , Yu Liangqian , Jin Cheng , Fang Shuai , Shi Jiawei , Geng Zedong , Yang Shanjing , Chen Guoxing , Liu Kede , Yang Qingyong , Feng Hui , Guo Liang , Yang Wanneng
Published: November 2022

Salt stress is a major limiting factor that severely affects the survival and growth of crops. It is important to understand the salt stress tolerance ability of Brassica napus and explore the underlying related genetic resources. We used a high‐throughput phenotyping platform to quantify 2111 image‐based traits (i‐traits) of a natural population under three different salt stress conditions and an intervarietal substitution line (ISL) population under nine different stress conditions to monitor and evaluate the salt stress tolerance of B. napus over time. We finally identified 928 high‐quality i‐traits associated with the salt stress tolerance of B. napus. Moreover, we mapped the salt stress‐related loci in the natural population via a genome‐wide association study and performed a linkage analysis associated with the ISL population, respectively. These results revealed 234 candidate genes associated with salt stress response, and two novel candidate genes, BnCKX5 and BnERF3, were experimentally verified to regulate the salt stress tolerance of B. napus. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using high‐throughput phenotyping‐based quantitative trait loci mapping to accurately and comprehensively quantify i‐traits associated with B. napus. The mapped loci could be used for genomics‐assisted breeding to genetically improve the salt stress tolerance of B. napus.
Cooperation and conflict across ideological and strategic divides: Sumud Freedom Camp coalition in the occupied West Bank
Authors: Gawerc Michelle I.
Published: November 2022

The literature on social movement coalitions highlights the tremendous challenges posed to coalitions by ideology. Yet, coalitions do occasionally form across contrasting ideological lines. This study investigates how the Palestinian‐led Sumud Freedom Camp coalition in the occupied West Bank was able to reach agreement across ideological divides, thereby enabling an ambitious collective action that actively sought to reestablish a Palestinian village depopulated by Israeli colonial policies and settler violence. Based on interviews with coalition activists, this study principally highlights, though, the tremendous challenges the coalition faced sustaining agreement among all the partners and the circumstances that led the coalition to splinter. Ultimately, it argues that differences in strategy need to be addressed, particularly in environments where the differences are salient. Otherwise, interactions with media and prospective members, along with the authorities, are likely to expose the differences and trigger conflict, particularly as it relates to representation and expression of the coalition's collective identity (i.e., who “we” are collectively).
Temporal susceptibility of almond pruning wounds to infection by fungal canker pathogens in California
Authors: Holland Leslie A. , Travadon Renaud , Lawrence Daniel P. , Jaime‐Frias Rosa , Nouri Mohamed T. , Sahtout Mohammad , Trouillas Florent P.
Published: November 2022

Numerous fungal canker pathogens threaten almond production in California, causing high tree mortality and reducing orchard longevity. Pruning wounds are the main infection sites for these pathogens. This study aimed to identify the lowest risk period for pruning almond trees and to determine the duration of susceptibility of pruning wounds to fungal infections. During 2 years at two locations, pruning wounds were made monthly from September to January and inoculated with Botryosphaeria dothidea, Eutypa lata, Neofusicoccum parvum or Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, at 0, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 8 weeks after pruning. Pruning wounds were susceptible to infection by N. parvum and N. dimidiatum from September to December, with a significant decrease in susceptibility for wounds made in January relative to September. Fresh wounds had the highest probability of infection by N. dimidiatum, as wounds 1 week or older were less likely to be infected. Pruning month did not significantly impact wound susceptibility to B. dothidea; susceptibility decreased sharply with wound age. Wound susceptibility to E. lata significantly differed amongst pruning months, with pruning wounds of 1 week or older made in December and January being the least susceptible. These results indicated that delayed pruning in December and January can reduce the risks of canker pathogen infections compared to early pruning from September to November. This study showed that pruning wounds were most susceptible to infection during the first 2 weeks following pruning; thus, pruning wounds should be protected for at least 2 weeks shortly after pruning.
A Hydraulically Controlled Multiple Buck Converter System
Authors: Scheidl Rudolf , Zagar Philipp , Kogler Helmut
Published: November 2022

The hydraulic buck converter with a pipe as inertance element is mostly considered with magnetically actuated fast switching valves. These valves are hardly available on the market and are costly. A further burden of most buck converters are the high hydraulic capacitances added on load side to flatten pulsation. They lead to a softness which requires sophisticated control.

A previous study on a phase shifted operation of several buck converters showed a low pulsation which may make an extra pulsation attenuation device obsolete. Another study suggested a hydraulic actuation of the switching valves. In this paper a combination of these concepts is analyzed. It realizes a constant switching frequency with a variable duty cycle and a phase shifted switching of the several converter units. The performance is compared to control by a single servo valve and a multiple converter system using electrically actuated valves.
Control Strategy of Adjustable Pilot Counterbalance Valves for Efficient Hydraulic Actuation
Authors: Sciancalepore Annalisa , Vacca Andrea , Weber Steven
Published: November 2022

Counterbalance Valves (CBVs) are commonly adopted in load handling machines such as cranes, winches, and telehandlers. Besides their load-holding and relief functionality, they allow establishing a counterpressure so that simple meter-in control approaches can properly operate in case of overrunning loads. However, the CBV operation often implies excessive energy consumption due to an over-pressurization of the hydraulic system. Past work performed by the authors’ team addressed a solution for using CBVs with controllable pilot, which permits to achieve up to 90% energy saving during overrunning load conditions, when compared to the traditional configuration of CBVs. This past effort focused on steady-state operation, and did not provide a proof that such high energy efficiency solution can operate in dynamic conditions typical of many load handling machines. To address this aspect, this paper built on the mentioned past work and proposes a control strategy that minimizes the energy consumption of the system while meeting the dynamic requirements of a reference application, a truck mounted hydraulic crane. The proposed controller was designed by using a numerical model of the reference machine; afterwards it was tested on real experiments. The results allowed confirming the previous prediction of up to 90% improvement in efficiency, while meeting or exceeding the dynamic performance, as quantified by the measurements of the acceleration signal of the crane arms.