bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: C—C Coupling of Ketones with Methanol Catalyzed by a N‐Heterocyclic Carbene—Phosphine Iridium Complex.
Authors: Quan Xu , Kerdphon Sutthichat , Andersson Pher G.
Published: July 2015

The title transformation proceeds via a hydrogen transfer reaction involving the dehydrogenation of MeOH to form formaldehyde, followed by aldol condensation with the ketone (I) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Photocatalyzed Site‐Selective C—H to C—C Conversion of Aliphatic Nitriles.
Authors: Yamada Keiichi , Okada Megumi , Fukuyama Takahide , Ravelli Davide , Fagnoni Maurizio , Ryu Ilhyong
Published: July 2015

In most cases, the alkylation takes place at the γ‐position.
ChemInform Abstract: [Et3NH][HSO4]‐Catalyzed Eco‐Friendly and Expeditious Synthesis of Thiazolidine and Oxazolidine Derivatives.
Authors: Malla Ali Mohammed , Parveen Mehtab , Ahmad Faheem , Azaz Shaista , Alam Mahboob
Published: July 2015

The title compounds are obtained by one‐pot three‐component reaction of cyclic diketones (I), cyanates (II) or (V) or (VII), and ethyl chloroacetate (III) under solvent‐free, mild, and environmentally benign conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Ambiphilic Properties of SF5CF2CF2Br Derived Perfluorinated Radical in Addition Reactions Across Carbon—Carbon Double Bonds.
Authors: Dudzinski Piotr , Matsnev Andrej V. , Thrasher Joseph S. , Haufe Guenter
Published: July 2015

The ambiphilic character of the F5S—CF2‐CF2· radical is exploited in addition reactions to both electron‐rich and ‐deficient alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols by Conventional and Microwave—Assisted Methods Using Molybdenum Complexes of ONO Donor Ligands.
Authors: Maurya Mannar R. , Dhaka Sarita , Avecilla Fernando
Published: July 2015

Newly synthesized dioxidomolybdenum(VI) complexes are tested for the oxidation of secondary alcohols (I) using conventional liquid phase and microwave‐assisted method with 30% aqueous H2O2 as oxidant giving the respective ketones (II).
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis and Ring Opening of 3‐Aroyl(heteroaroyl)‐1,2‐dicyanocyclopropane‐1,2‐dicarboxylates.
Authors: Karpov Sergey V. , Kayukov Yakov S. , Grigor'ev Arthur A. , Tafeenko Victor A.
Published: July 2015

Novel electron‐deficient cyclopropanes are prepared from glyoxal hydrates and methyl cyanoacetate.
ChemInform Abstract: Cobalt‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Stereoselective Bisbenzylation of Alkynes.
Authors: Komeyama Kimihiro , Asakura Ryota , Fukuoka Hiroshi , Takaki Ken
Published: July 2015

The cobalt‐catalyzed reaction of benzyl bromides with alkynes in the presence of manganese as reductant produces cis‐1,2‐bisbenzylated alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Amide Synthesis from Equimolar Amounts of Carboxylic Acid and Amine Catalyzed by Mesoporous Silica SBA‐15.
Authors: Tamura Mizuki , Murase Daisuke , Komura Kenichi
Published: July 2015

The heterogeneous amidation reaction proves successful for the transformation of aryl and alkyl carboxylic acids as well as N‐Boc‐protected amino acids with primary aliphatic amines and secondary amines such as morpholine while delivering the desired amides in high to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Synthesis of Semicarbazides and Formylhydrazines via Direct Addition Reaction Between Aromatic Azoarenes and N‐Substituted Formamides.
Authors: Liu Defu , Mao Jincheng , Rong Guangwei , Yan Hong , Zheng Yang , Chen Jie
Published: July 2015

The direct C—H addition of formamides to the N=N double bond of aromatic azo compounds under transition‐metal‐free catalytic conditions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: A Metalloenzyme‐Like Catalytic System for the Chemoselective Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of Primary Amines to Imines under Ambient Conditions.
Authors: Largeron Martine , Fleury Maurice‐Bernard
Published: July 2015

The direct oxidative cross‐coupling of primary imines is a challenging transformation as homocoupling is usually preferred.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Oxidative Functionalization of C(sp3)—H Bond Adjacent to Oxygen and Radical Addition to Olefins.
Authors: Zhou Wei , Qian Ping , Zhao Jincan , Fang Hong , Han Jianlin , Pan Yi
Published: July 2015

Primary and secondary alcohols as well as cyclic ethers add regioselectively to the double bond of N‐allyl and N‐homoallyl amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonamide Formation from Sodium Sulfinates and Amines or Ammonia under Metal‐Free Conditions at Ambient Temperature.
Authors: Yang Kai , Ke Miaolin , Lin Yuanguang , Song Qiuling
Published: July 2015

A metal‐, base‐, ligand‐, and additive‐free protocol for the efficient construction of a variety of sulfonamides is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Aza‐Wacker‐Type Reaction Between Electron‐Deficient Olefins and N‐Alkylsulfonamides.
Authors: Hu Huayou , Tian Jiaxin , Liu Yun , Liu Yong , Shi Fei , Wang Xiang , Kan Yuhe , Wang Chao
Published: July 2015

A scalable protocol for the oxidative amination of electron‐deficient olefins in presence of methanesulfonic acid is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Manganese Catalyzed Sulfenylation of N‐Methyl Amides with Arenesulfonyl Hydrazides.
Authors: Sun Jinwei , Wang Yi , Pan Yi
Published: July 2015

Oxidative sulfenylation of N‐methyl amides with arenesulfonic acid hydrazides yields the corresponding N‐sulfenylmethyl amides.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Electrochemical Synthesis of Vinyl Sulfones from Sodium Sulfinates and Olefins.
Authors: Luo Yan‐Chun , Pan Xiao‐Jun , Yuan Gao‐Qing
Published: July 2015

The in situ electrogenerated I2 effectively promotes this conversion to afford the target products in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Acyl Carbamates via Four Component Pd‐Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling of Aryl Halides, Potassium Cyanate, and Alcohols.
Authors: Yin Hongfei , de Almeida Angelina M. , de Almeida Mauro V. , Lindhardt Anders T. , Skrydstrup Troels
Published: July 2015

The reactions are carried out in a two chamber system, generating CO from COgen in the first chamber.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Oxidative Biaryl Cross‐Couplings via Mixed Diaryl Titanates: Significant Influence of the Order of Combining Aryl Grignard Reagents with Titanate.
Authors: Liu Kun Ming , Wei Juan , Duan Xin Fang
Published: July 2015

For the first time mixed diaryl titanates are used as intermediates to modify the reactivity of the Grignard reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerizations and Alkoxycyclizations of ortho‐(Alkynyl)styrenes.
Authors: Sanjuan Ana M. , Rashid Muhammad A. , Garcia‐Garcia Patricia , Martinez‐Cuezva Alberto , Fernandez‐Rodriguez Manuel A. , Rodriguez Felix , Sanz Roberto
Published: July 2015

The Au‐catalyzed chiral cycloisomerization of ortho‐(alkynyl)styrenes leads to enantioenriched indenes (II), whilst the similar reaction in the presence of water or methanol affords hydroxy and methoxy derivatives (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Studies Towards Development of Asymmetric Double‐Mannich Reactions of Chiral 2‐Oxocyclohexanecarboxylate Derivatives with Bis(aminol)ethers.
Authors: Sparrow Kevin John , Carley Sarah , Soehnel Tilo , Barker David , Brimble Margaret A.
Published: July 2015

TiCl4 as Lewis acid promoter as well as the (4R,5S)‐4‐methyl‐5‐phenyloxazolidin‐2‐on‐3‐yl moiety as chiral auxiliary show the best results in the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Multisubstituted Butyrolactonimidates: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Nephrosteranic Acid.
Authors: Wang Huijing , Tang Pei , Zhou Qilong , Zhang Dan , Chen Zhitao , Huang Hongxiu , Qin Yong
Published: July 2015

Imidates (I) or (IV) and α,β‐unsaturated diesters are subjected to a one‐pot, three‐step cascade reaction to afford the desired lactone structures in a completely diastereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Bi(OTf)3‐Mediated Cycloisomerization of γ‐Alkynyl Arylketones: Application to the Synthesis of Substituted Furans.
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Cheng Yu‐Chieh , Lu Yi‐Ju
Published: July 2015

The γ‐alkynyl arylketones prepared from the corresponding arylketones by α‐alkylation with propargyl bromides under basic conditions in high yields are efficiently converted to the corresponding substituted furan derivatives under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization of Olefinic Dicarbonyl Compounds with Benzylic Csp3—H Bonds for the Synthesis of Dihydrofurans.
Authors: Guo Li‐Na , Wang Shun , Duan Xin‐Hua , Zhou Shi‐Liu
Published: July 2015

A highly effective protocol for the synthesis of dihydrofurans through a tandem radical cyclization of olefinic dicarbonyl compounds with benzyl hydrocarbons using iron salt as an environmentally benign catalyst is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu(II)‐Catalyzed Coupling of Aromatic C—H Bonds with Malonates.
Authors: Wang Hong‐Li , Shang Ming , Sun Shang‐Zheng , Zhou Zeng‐Le , Laforteza Brian N. , Dai Hui‐Xiong , Yu Jin‐Quan
Published: July 2015

Isoindolines are prepared by oxidative coupling of (oxazolylphenyl)benzamides with malonates using copper catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Bifunctional Silver(I) Complex‐Catalyzed CO2 Conversion at Ambient Conditions: Synthesis of α‐Methylene Cyclic Carbonates and Derivatives.
Authors: Song Qing‐Wen , Chen Wei‐Qiang , Ma Ran , Yu Ao , Li Qiu‐Yue , Chang Yao , He Liang‐Nian
Published: July 2015

The Ph3P complex of Ag2CO3, which can be prepared in situ, is found to be a robust bifunctional catalyst for the carboxylative cyclization of propargylic alcohols (I) with CO2.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Synthesis of Substituted and Fused‐Ring Imidazoles via Phospha‐Muenchnone Cycloaddition.
Authors: Aly Sara , Romashko Mikhail , Arndtsen Bruce A.
Published: July 2015

The reaction of imines (I) with acyl chlorides (II) and 2‐phenyl‐1,3,2‐benzodioxaphosphole followed by reaction of intermediate phospha‐muenchnones with imines (III) leads to a variety of tetrasubstituted imidazoles (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Oxazolines from Amides via Palladium‐Catalyzed Functionalization of Unactivated C(sp3)—H Bond.
Authors: Li Bo , Wang Si‐Qing , Liu Bin , Shi Bing‐Feng
Published: July 2015

Oxazolines are prepared from amides by C—H bond activation, chlorination, and nucleophilic cyclization using palladium catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Enantioselective Decarboxylative Reaction of Malonic Acid Half Thioesters with Cyclic N‐Sulfonyl Ketimines by Using N‐Heteroarenesulfonyl Cinchona Alkaloid Amides.
Authors: Nakamura Shuichi , Sano Masahide , Toda Ayaka , Nakane Daisuke , Masuda Hideki
Published: July 2015

Chiral sultam structures are readily available by the title reaction where the addition of thioester (IV) or analogous reactants such as β‐ketocarboxylic acids (VI) takes place prior to decarboxylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Amounts of CBr4 Mediated Dehydrogenative Coupling of Isochromans with Aromatic Ketones.
Authors: Huo Congde , Wu Mingxia , Chen Fengjuan , Jia Xiaodong , Yuan Yong , Xie Haisheng
Published: July 2015

A simple procedure is elaborated for the CBr4‐catalyzed oxidative coupling of isochromans (II) and (IV) with aromatic ketones (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New 3‐Carboxamidine Iminocoumarins and Benzopyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidines.
Authors: Trichili Sihem , Kammoun Myriam , Turki‐Guermazi Hamida , Abid Souhir , Ammar Houcine
Published: July 2015

Among all the tested compounds, iminocoumarin (IIIc) exhibits the greatest AChE inhibitory activity (IC50=0.66 mg/mL).
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Arylation of Ethyl Acetoacetate with Hypervalent Diaryliodonium Salts: An Immediate Access to Diverse 3‐Aryl‐4(1H)‐quinolones.
Authors: Monastyrskyi Andrii , Namelikonda Niranjan K. , Manetsch Roman
Published: July 2015

Treatment of title ester (II) with a series of symmetrical diaryliodonium salts is successful to form the required arylation products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Quinolinones with Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation Between Acrylamides and Arynes.
Authors: Wang Weiguo , Peng Xianglong , Qin Xiaoyu , Zhao Xiangyun , Ma Chen , Tung Chen‐Ho , Xu Zhenghu
Published: July 2015

The catalyzed oxidative annulation of electron‐deficient acrylamides with strained benzyne precursors under mild conditions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Quinolines via Copper‐Catalyzed C—N Cleavage.
Authors: Xi Long‐Yi , Zhang Ruo‐Yi , Zhang Lei , Chen Shan‐Yong , Yu Xiao‐Qi
Published: July 2015

A domino C—N cleavage‐cyclocondensation reaction of 2‐aminobenzylamines with various ketones using air as an oxidant efficiently gives quinolines.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 1‐Methyl‐3‐phenylisoquinoline Derivatives from Oximes Using Polyphosphoric Esters.
Authors: Niemczak Michal , Czerniak Kamil , Kopczynski Tomasz
Published: July 2015

The title compounds (II) are synthesized by this new method using the ethyl ester of polyphosphoric acid (PPE) as an efficient reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light Mediated Cyclization of Tertiary Anilines with Maleimides Using Nickel(II) Oxide Surface‐Modified Titanium Dioxide Catalyst
Authors: Tang Jian , Grampp Guenter , Liu Yun , Wang Bing‐Xiang , Tao Fei‐Fei , Wang Li‐Jun , Liang Xue‐Zheng , Xiao Hui‐Quan , Shen Yong‐Miao
Published: July 2015

30 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Promoted Transannulation of Heterocyclic Enamines and 2,3‐Epoxypropan‐1‐ones: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Fused Pyridines and Pyrroles.
Authors: Yang Zheng , Hao Wen‐Juan , Xu Hai‐Wei , Wang Shu‐Liang , Jiang Bo , Li Guigen , Tu Shu‐Jiang
Published: July 2015

The microwave‐assisted reaction of N‐aryl 4‐aminofuranones (VI) with epoxypropanones (II) leads to desired furo[3,2‐b]pyridines (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pyrrolo[2,1,5‐cd]indolizines Through Dehydrogenative Heck Annelation of Indolizines with Diaryl Acetylenes Using Dioxygen as an Oxidant.
Authors: Hu Huayou , Li Guodong , Hu Weiming , Liu Yun , Wang Xiang , Kan Yuhe , Ji Min
Published: July 2015

The reaction is restricted to diarylacetylenes (II), (XIII), and (XV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 6‐(Arylthio)phenanthridines by Copper‐Catalyzed Tandem Reactions of 2‐Biaryl Isothiocyanates with Diaryliodonium Salts.
Authors: Guo Weisi , Li Shoulei , Tang Lin , Li Ming , Wen Lirong , Chen Chao
Published: July 2015

(Arylthio)phenanthridines are prepared by tandem C—S/C—C bond—forming reaction of biaryl isothiocyanates with diaryliodonium salts using copper catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Tunable Regioselective Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives via Aza‐Wittig Cyclization and Dimroth‐Type Rearrangement.
Authors: Wang Tao , Xiong Jun , Wang Wenjuan , Li Rou , Tang Xiaoli , Xiong Fei
Published: July 2015

Different substituted pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine derivatives are efficiently and regioselectively obtained by aza‐Wittig/Ag(I)‐promoted reaction leading to compounds (III) or by base‐promoted tandem reaction leading to compounds (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Regiospecific Synthesis of Neuroprotective 1,4‐Benzoxazine Derivatives Through a Tandem Oxidation—Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Nguyen Khac Minh Huy , Schwendimann Leslie , Gressens Pierre , Largeron Martine
Published: July 2015

Compound (IXa) shows a promising neuroprotective activity in an animal model of excitotoxic lesions in newborn mice.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 5‐Substituted 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole‐2‐thiones with Chloroacetylenephosphonates.
Authors: Egorov Dmitrij M. , Piterskaya Yulija L. , Dogadina Albina V. , Svintsitskaya Nataly I.
Published: July 2015

The nucleophilic addition of thiadiazole‐ 2‐thiones to chloroacetylene‐2‐phosphonates proceeds regio‐ and chemoselectively to afford novel, fused, phosphorus‐containing thiazolo[2,3‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazol‐4‐ylium chlorides in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalyst‐Free P—C Coupling Reactions of Halobenzoic Acids and Secondary Phosphine Oxides under Microwave Irradiation in Water.
Authors: Jablonkai Erzsebet , Keglevich Gyoergy
Published: July 2015

The synthesis of phosphinoylbenzoic esters is achieved through sequential P—C‐coupling and esterification of halobenzoic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed P‐Arylation of Triarylantimony Dicarboxylates with Dialkyl H‐Phosphites without a Base: Synthesis of Arylphosphonates.
Authors: Matsumura Mio , Dong Yuqiang , Kakusawa Naoki , Yasuike Shuji
Published: July 2015

The first example of a carbon‐phosphorus bond formation by using an organoantimony compound as a pseudo‐halide is given.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Efficient and Reusable MCM‐41‐Immobilized Bipyridine Copper(I) Catalyst for the C—Se Coupling of Organoboronic Acids with Diaryl Diselenides.
Authors: Zhao Hong , Jiang Yuanyuan , Chen Qiurong , Cai Mingzhong
Published: July 2015

A variety of selenides is obtained by cross‐coupling reaction of organoboronic acids with diaryl diselenides.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Reactions for Trifluoromethylselenolations — Synthesis of R‐SeCF3 Compounds Using Air Stable Tetramethylammonium Trifluoromethylselenate.
Authors: Lefebvre Quentin , Pluta Roman , Rueping Magnus
Published: July 2015

The presented approach allows the late‐stage functionalization of complex organic molecules.
ChemInform Abstract: Sesquiterpenoids Isolated from an Endophyte Fungus Diaporthe sp.
Authors: Chen Chao‐Jun , Liu Xian‐Xian , Zhang Wen‐Jing , Zang Le‐Yun , Wang Gang , Ng Seik Weng , Tan Ren‐Xiang , Ge Hui‐Ming
Published: July 2015

Ten new sesquiterpenoids including six brasilane‐type sesquiterpenoids, diaporols J‐O [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: New Sesquiterpenoids Isolated from Atractylodes lancea Fermented by Marine Fungus.
Authors: Kamauchi Hitoshi , Kinoshita Kaoru , Takatori Kazuhiko , Sugita Takashi , Takahashi Kunio , Koyama Kiyotaka
Published: July 2015

From the fermented rhizomes of A.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Stigmatellin and Crocacin C.
Authors: Infante‐Rodriguez Carolina , Domon Lisianne , Breuilles Pascal , Uguen Daniel
Published: July 2015

An asymmetric synthesis of the natural antibiotics stigmatellin (I) and crocacin C (II) from a common starting material is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Skutterudites as Thermoelectric Materials: Revisited
Authors: Rull‐Bravo M. , Moure A. , Fernandez J. F. , Martin‐Gonzalez M.
Published: July 2015

Review: 181 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Double Cationic‐Anionic Ordering in Ba‐Based Oxygen‐Deficient Perovskites
Authors: Raveau Bernard , Caignaert Vincent , Kundu Asish K.
Published: July 2015

Review: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catenanes: Fifty Years of Molecular Links
Authors: Gil‐Ramirez Guzman , Leigh David A. , Stephens Alexander J.
Published: July 2015

Review: [180 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: para‐Quinone Methide: A New Player in Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Parra Alejandro , Tortosa Mariola
Published: July 2015

Review: 32 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Rhodium Catalysis: Exploiting Sulfoxides for Asymmetric Transition‐Metal Catalysis
Authors: Kou K. G. M. , Dong V. M.
Published: July 2015

Review: 29 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanical Milling as a Technology to Produce Structural and Functional Bio‐Nanocomposites
Authors: Gorrasi Giuliana , Sorrentino Andrea
Published: July 2015

Review: 158 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Mitsunobu Reaction in the 21st Century
Authors: Fletcher S.
Published: July 2015

Review: recent advancements in the condensation of alcohols with pronucleophiles by the Mitsunobu reaction; 81 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Domino One‐Pot Protocols for Quinoline Synthesis
Authors: Bharate Jaideep B. , Vishwakarma Ram A. , Bharate Sandip B.
Published: July 2015

Review: 175 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Allylic Alcohols: Ideal Radical Allylating Agents?
Authors: Debien Laurent , Quiclet‐Sire Beatrice , Zard Samir Z.
Published: July 2015

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sm(II)‐Mediated Electron Transfer to Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Development of Complexity‐Generating Cascades
Authors: Just‐Baringo Xavier , Procter David J.
Published: July 2015

Review: 62 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorine as a Control Element in Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Bizet Vincent , Cahard Dominique
Published: July 2015

Review: 22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dioxirane‐Mediated Metal‐Free Oxidations of Target Molecules Containing Unsaturated Carbons
Authors: D'Accolti Lucia , Annese Cosimo , Fusco Caterina
Published: July 2015

Review: 141 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Dynamic Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Method for Ultra‐Sensitive Detection: From the Wet State to the Dry State
Authors: Yang Liangbao , Li Pan , Liu Honglin , Tang Xianghu , Liu Jinhuai
Published: July 2015

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitroarene Reduction: A Trusted Model Reaction to Test Nanoparticle Catalysts
Authors: Aditya Teresa , Pal Anjali , Pal Tarasankar
Published: July 2015

Review: 265 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Artificial Receptors for Nitrate: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Dutta Ranjan , Ghosh Pradyut
Published: July 2015

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Conducting Polymers and Their Inorganic Composites for Advanced Li‐Ion Batteries: A Review
Authors: Sengodu Prakash , Deshmukh Abhay D.
Published: July 2015

Review: 247 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Vegetable‐Based Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Calogero Giuseppe , Bartolotta Antonino , Di Marco Gaetano , Di Carlo Aldo , Bonaccorso Francesco
Published: July 2015

Review: overview of vegetable pigments in dye‐sensitized solar cells, starting from main limitations of cell performance to cost analysis and scaling‐up prospects; 669 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Integrated Network of Continuous Reactors for the Decontamination of Gaseous Streams in Heterogeneous Catalytic Gas‐Liquid‐Solid Systems
Authors: Penciu Oana Marlena , Gavrilescu Maria
Published: July 2015

Review: 60 refs.
Optimizing the clinical pharmacology of tuberculosis medications
Authors: Egelund EF , Alsultan A , Peloquin CA
Published: July 2015

Tuberculosis (TB) treatment has changed little in the past 40 years. The current standard therapy requires four drugs for 2 months followed by two drugs for 4 months. This “short‐course” regimen is not based on optimized pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, but empiric evidence. A review of existing data suggests that pharmacokinetic variability with isoniazid and rifampin is greater than previously thought, and that efficacy is not as good as traditionally reported. Adding new drugs to the current regimen will be costly and time‐consuming. Maximizing the efficacy of the current medications is a less expensive and more feasible option. This article reviews the current potential of the first‐line TB drugs (rifamycins, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) as well as the fluoroquinolones to introduce a true short‐course TB regimen.
Insight into CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+,Mn2+,Dy3+ Nanoprobes: Influence of Chemical Composition and Crystallinity on Persistent Red Luminescence
Authors: Rosticher Céline , Viana Bruno , Laurent Guillaume , Le Griel Patrick , Chanéac Corinne
Published: July 2015

Optical imaging in which photons are the information source seems to be a very important technique, less expensive and less harmful than more conventional diagnostic methods and suitable, for instance, for sensitive diagnosis capable of detecting cancer at an early stage. We have recently developed inorganic persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) as nanoprobes useful for in vivo imaging that can master the difficulties of the biological environment such as tissue autofluorescence, absorption, or photobleaching because they are excited before injection into the animal. In this work, we have focused on silicate materials, CaMgSi2O6, that emit in the red/near‐infrared range for several hours. With the aim of improving their luminescent properties and nanoparticle size, we have explored a new method of synthesis that allows a suitable yield of particles and studied the influence of chemical composition and crystalline structure on luminescence intensity. Adjusting the molar ratio of Ca/Mg/Si and crystallization temperature, very fine nanoparticles of PLNPs have been obtained with an improved luminescence and the high production yield necessary to promote the emergence of these nanoprobes in the field of optical imaging.
Constraints and potentials for the nutritional modulation of the fatty acid composition of ruminant meat
Authors: Bessa Rui J. B. , Alves Susana P. , Santos‐Silva José
Published: July 2015

The meat from ruminants can be a valuable dietary source of rumenic acid (c9,t11‐CLA) and of n‐3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 LC‐PUFA). Nevertheless, commonly ruminant meats present a fairly low content of both c9,t11‐CLA and n‐3 LC‐PUFA. Most of c9,t11‐CLA in meat is derived from the delta‐9 desaturation of t11‐18:1 catalyzed by stearoyl‐CoA desaturase (SCD) and deposited in triacylglycerides (TAG). Thus, optimizing c9,t11‐CLA in meat implies: a high substrate supply, a high SCD activity, and a high intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition. High rumen t11‐18:1 outflow requires high forage diets which down‐regulate SCD activity and IMF deposition. Conversely, as most animals are finished with cereal rich concentrate diets, the SCD activity and IMF deposition are promoted but the rumen outflow of t11‐18:1 frequently is replaced by t10‐18:1 (t10‐shift) which cannot be converted to CLA. Thus the occurrence of the rumen t10‐shift is probably the main constraint to c9,t11‐CLA enrichment in meat, as is reviewed in detail. The constrains to n‐3 LC‐PUFA enrichment of ruminant meat are mostly associated to the extensive rumen biohydrogenation of PUFA, the low elongation and desaturation of 18:3n‐3 into n‐3 LC‐PUFA, and the capacity of muscle lipids to incorporate n‐3 LC‐PUFA. Considering the almost exclusive esterification of n‐3 LC‐PUFA in membrane phospholipids, the limits to n‐3 LC‐PUFA incorporation in muscle are discussed considering the amount of and type of available phospholipids as well as the possibility of its esterification in TAG.

Simplified summary of the main drives that could limit the c9,t11‐CLA deposition in meat of ruminants fed high forage or high concentrate diets.
Synthesis of Annulated Anthracenes, Carb­azoles, and Thiophenes Involving Bradsher‐Type Cyclodehydration or Cycli­zation–Reductive‐Dehydration Reactions
Authors: Rafiq Settu Muhamad , Sivasakthikumaran Ramakrishnan , Karunakaran Jayachandran , Mohanakrishnan Arasambattu K.
Published: July 2015

A conventional BF3·OEt2‐mediated Bradsher‐type cyclodehydration of 2‐arylmethyl benzaldehydes in CH2Cl2 at room temperature gave polycyclic aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds. Alternatively, these compounds could be synthesized in better yields from 2‐arylmethylbenzoic acids by triflic‐acid‐mediated cyclization followed by reductive dehydration.
Preparation, X‐ray Structure, and Reactivity of Triisopropylsilyl‐Substituted Aryl­iodonium Salts
Authors: Yusubov Mekhman S. , Svitich Dmitrii Yu. , Yoshimura Akira , Kastern Brent J. , Nemykin Victor N. , Zhdankin Viktor V.
Published: July 2015

(4‐Triisopropylsilylphenyl)phenyliodonium tosylate, an aryliodonium salt bearing an extremely bulky, electron‐donating triisopropylsilyl (TIPS) substituent in the phenyl ring, was prepared by the reaction of (4‐tributyltinphenyl)triisopropylsilane with [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene (Koser's reagent). The TIPS‐substituted aryliodonium tosylate was further converted into (4‐triisopropylsilylphenyl)phenyliodonium bromide, the structure of which was established by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Reactions of the TIPS‐substituted arylodonium tosylate with bromide, azide, and thiocyanate anions predominantly afforded products of nucleophilic substitution in the electron‐rich aromatic ring bearing the TIPS substituent. This unusual result is explained by the steric effect of the extraordinary bulky para‐TIPS substituent on the configuration of the reaction intermediate.
Advanced frame element for seismic analysis of masonry structures: model formulation and validation
Authors: Raka Eva , Spacone Enrico , Sepe Vincenzo , Camata Guido
Published: July 2015

This paper presents a masonry panel model for the nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of masonry buildings suitable for the seismic assessment of new and existing structures. The model is based on an equivalent frame idealization of the structure and stems from previous research on force‐based frame elements. The element formulation considers axial, bending, and shear deformations within the framework of the Timoshenko beam theory. A phenomenological cyclic section law that accounts for the shear panel response is coupled, through equilibrium between shear and bending forces along the element, with a fiber‐section model that accounts for the axial and bending responses. The proposed panel model traces with a low computational burden and numerical stability the main aspects of the structural behavior of masonry panels and is suitable for analyses of multi‐floor buildings with a relatively regular distribution of openings and with walls and floors organized to grant a box‐like behavior under seismic loads. The model capabilities are validated though analyses of simple unreinforced masonry panels and comparisons with published experimental results. The model accuracy is strongly dependent on the fiber and shear constitutive laws used. However, the formulation is general, and laws different from those employed in this study are easily introduced without affecting the model formulation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Approach Bias Modification in Food Craving—A Proof‐of‐Concept Study
Authors: Brockmeyer Timo , Hahn Carolyn , Reetz Christina , Schmidt Ulrike , Friederich Hans‐Christoph
Published: July 2015

The aim of the present proof‐of‐concept study was to test a novel cognitive bias modification (CBM) programme in an analogue sample of people with subclinical bulimic eating disorder (ED) psychopathology. Thirty participants with high levels of trait food craving were trained to make avoidance movements in response to visual food stimuli in an implicit learning paradigm. The intervention comprised ten 15‐minute sessions over a 5‐week course. At baseline, participants showed approach and attentional biases towards high‐caloric palatable food that were both significantly reduced and turned into avoidance biases after the training. Participants also reported pronounced reductions in both trait and cue‐elicited food craving and in ED symptoms as well. The overall evaluation of the training by the participants was positive. The specific CBM programme tested in this pilot trial promises to be an effective and feasible way to alter automatic action tendencies towards food in people suffering from bulimic ED psychopathology. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Central Coherence, Visuoconstruction and Visual Memory in Patients with Eating Disorders as Measured by Different Scoring Methods of the Rey Complex Figure Test
Authors: Weider Siri , Indredavik Marit Sæbø , Lydersen Stian , Hestad Knut
Published: July 2015

Objective

The aims of this study were to examine the performance of eating disorder (ED) patients on the Rey Complex Figure Test and to investigate the validity of the Q‐score as a new method for measuring central coherence (CC).

Method

Forty‐one patients with anorexia nervosa, 40 patients with bulimia nervosa and 40 healthy controls completed the Rey Complex Figure Test, which was scored both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Results

Both ED groups scored lower than the healthy controls on copy, recall and the Q‐score. For the anorexia nervosa group, performance on the Central Coherence Index was associated with the nadir body mass index. Performance on the recall measures was independently associated with the nadir body mass index and depressive symptoms for the bulimia nervosa group. There was a strong correlation between the Q‐score and the Central Coherence Index (r = 0.77).

Discussion

The study reveals different levels of CC and suggests that the Q‐score might be an applicable method for measuring CC in ED patients. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Social Rank, Rank‐Related Life Events and Eating Pathology
Authors: Troop Nicholas A.
Published: July 2015

Background

This study explored the role of meaning in the link between stress and disordered eating, in particular focusing on social rank.

Method

Two hundred and eleven women completed measures of eating pathology, depression, social comparison and life events where life events were assessed in terms of general loss, threat, shame and loss of social status.

Results

Events involving loss of social status were related to eating pathology but only in women reporting self‐perceived low rank. Events that did not concern social status were unrelated to eating pathology.

Discussion

Women who perceive themselves to be low social status appear vulnerable to events that concern their social status. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Connectivity‐based segmentation of the periaqueductal gray matter in human with brainstem optimized diffusion MRI
Authors: Ezra Martyn , Faull Olivia Kate , Jbabdi Saad , Pattinson Kyle Thomas
Published: July 2015

The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) is a midbrain structure, involved in key homeostatic neurobiological functions, such as pain modulation and cardiorespiratory control. Animal research has identified four subdivisional columns that differ in both connectivity and function. Until now these findings have not been replicated in humans. This study used high‐resolution brainstem optimized diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and probabilistic tractography to segment the human PAG into four subdivisions, based on voxel connectivity profiles. We identified four distinct subdivisions demonstrating high spatial concordance with the columns of the animal model. The resolution of these subdivisions for individual subjects permitted detailed examination of their structural connectivity without the requirement of an a priori starting location. Interestingly patterns of forebrain connectivity appear to be different to those found in nonhuman studies, whereas midbrain and hindbrain connectivity appears to be maintained. Although there are similarities in the columnar structure of the PAG subdivisions between humans and nonhuman animals, there appears to be different patterns of cortical connectivity. This suggests that the functional organization of the PAG may be different between species, and as a consequence, functional studies in nonhumans may not be directly translatable to humans. This highlights the need for focused functional studies in humans. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3459–3471, 2015. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A topographical organization for action representation in the human brain
Authors: Handjaras Giacomo , Bernardi Giulio , Benuzzi Francesca , Nichelli Paolo F. , Pietrini Pietro , Ricciardi Emiliano
Published: July 2015

How the human brain represents distinct motor features into a unique finalized action still remains undefined. Previous models proposed the distinct features of a motor act to be hierarchically organized in separated, but functionally interconnected, cortical areas. Here, we hypothesized that distinct patterns across a wide expanse of cortex may actually subserve a topographically organized coding of different categories of actions that represents, at a higher cognitive level and independently from the distinct motor features, the action and its final aim as a whole. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and pattern classification approaches on the neural responses of 14 right‐handed individuals passively watching short movies of hand‐performed tool‐mediated, transitive, and meaningful intransitive actions, we were able to discriminate with a high accuracy and characterize the category‐specific response patterns. Actions are distinctively coded in distributed and overlapping neural responses within an action‐selective network, comprising frontal, parietal, lateral occipital and ventrotemporal regions. This functional organization, that we named action topography, subserves a higher‐level and more abstract representation of finalized actions and has the capacity to provide unique representations for multiple categories of actions. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3832–3844, 2015. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hippocampal sharp wave‐ripple: A cognitive biomarker for episodic memory and planning
Authors: Buzsáki György
Published: July 2015

Sharp wave ripples (SPW‐Rs) represent the most synchronous population pattern in the mammalian brain. Their excitatory output affects a wide area of the cortex and several subcortical nuclei. SPW‐Rs occur during “off‐line” states of the brain, associated with consummatory behaviors and non‐REM sleep, and are influenced by numerous neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. They arise from the excitatory recurrent system of the CA3 region and the SPW‐induced excitation brings about a fast network oscillation (ripple) in CA1. The spike content of SPW‐Rs is temporally and spatially coordinated by a consortium of interneurons to replay fragments of waking neuronal sequences in a compressed format. SPW‐Rs assist in transferring this compressed hippocampal representation to distributed circuits to support memory consolidation; selective disruption of SPW‐Rs interferes with memory. Recently acquired and pre‐existing information are combined during SPW‐R replay to influence decisions, plan actions and, potentially, allow for creative thoughts. In addition to the widely studied contribution to memory, SPW‐Rs may also affect endocrine function via activation of hypothalamic circuits. Alteration of the physiological mechanisms supporting SPW‐Rs leads to their pathological conversion, “p‐ripples,” which are a marker of epileptogenic tissue and can be observed in rodent models of schizophrenia and Alzheimer's Disease. Mechanisms for SPW‐R genesis and function are discussed in this review. © 2015 The Authors Hippocampus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cancer Incidence in Five Continents: Inclusion criteria, highlights from Volume X and the global status of cancer registration
Authors: Bray F. , Ferlay J. , Laversanne M. , Brewster D.H. , Gombe Mbalawa C. , Kohler B. , Piñeros M. , Steliarova‐Foucher E. , Swaminathan R. , Antoni S. , Soerjomataram I. , Forman D.
Published: July 2015

Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5), a longstanding collaboration between the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the International Association of Cancer Registries, serves as a unique source of cancer incidence data from high‐quality population‐based cancer registries around the world. The recent publication of Volume X comprises cancer incidence data from 290 registries covering 424 populations in 68 countries for the registration period 2003–2007. In this article, we assess the status of population‐based cancer registries worldwide, describe the techniques used in CI5 to evaluate their quality and highlight the notable variation in the incidence rates of selected cancers contained within Volume X of CI5. We also discuss the Global Initiative for Cancer Registry Development as an international partnership that aims to reduce the disparities in availability of cancer incidence data for cancer control action, particularly in economically transitioning countries, already experiencing a rapid rise in the number of cancer patients annually.
Inflammation‐induced S100A8 activates Id3 and promotes colorectal tumorigenesis
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Ai Feiyan , Li Xiayu , She Xiaoling , Li Nan , Tang Anliu , Qin Zailong , Ye Qiurong , Tian Li , Li Guiyuan , Shen Shourong , Ma Jian
Published: July 2015

The aberrant expression of S100A8 and S100A9 is linked to nonresolving inflammation and ultimately to carcinogenesis, whereas the underlying mechanism that allows inflammation to progress to specific cancer types remains unknown. Here, we report that S100A8 was induced by inflammation and then promoted colorectal tumorigenesis downstream by activating Id3 (inhibitor of differentiation 3). Using gene expression profiling and immunohistochemistry, we found that both S100A8 and S100A9 were upregulated in the chemically‐induced colitis‐associated cancer mouse model and in human colorectal cancer specimens. Furthermore, we showed that S100A8 and S100A9 acted as chemoattractant proteins by recruiting macrophages, promoting the proliferation and invasion of colon cancer cell, as well as spurring the cycle that culminates in the acceleration of cancer metastasis in a nude mouse model. S100A8 regulated colon cancer cell cycle and proliferation by inducing Id3 expression while inhibiting p21. Id3 expression was regulated by Smad5, which was directly phosphorylated by Akt1. Our study revealed a novel mechanism in which inflammation‐induced S100A8 promoted colorectal tumorigenesis by acting upstream to activate the Akt1‐Smad5‐Id3 axis.
Cloning and extracellular expression of a raw starch digesting α‐amylase (Blamy‐I) and its application in bioethanol production from a non‐conventional source of starch
Authors: Roy Jetendra K. , Manhar Ajay K. , Nath Dhrubajyoti , Mandal Manabendra , Mukherjee Ashis K.
Published: July 2015

The aim of this study was to clone and efficiently express a raw starch‐digesting α‐amylase enzyme in the culture media and also to investigate the potential application of this recombinant enzyme in the digestion of non‐conventional raw starch for bioethanol production. A raw starch digesting α‐amylase gene isolated from Bacillus licheniformis strain AS08E was cloned and extracellularly expressed in E. coli cells using the native signal peptide. The mature recombinant α‐amylase (Blamy‐I) consisting of 483 amino acid residues was found to be homogenous with a mass of 55.3 kDa (by SDS‐PAGE analysis) and a predicted pI of 6.05. Structural and functional analysis of Blamy‐I revealed the presence of an extra Ca2+‐binding region between the A and C domains responsible for higher thermostability of this enzyme. The statistical optimization of E. coli culture conditions resulted in an approximately eightfold increase in extracellular expression of Blamy‐I as compared to its production under non‐optimized conditions. Blamy‐I demonstrated optimum enzyme activity at 80 °C and pH 10.0, and efficiently hydrolyzed raw starch isolated from a non‐conventional, underutilized jack fruit seeds. Further utilization of this starch for bioethanol production using Blamy‐I and Saccharomyces cerevisiae also proved to be highly promising.
Localization of bone morphogenetic protein 13 in human intervertebral disc and its molecular and functional effects in vitro in 3D culture
Authors: Gulati Twishi , Chung Sylvia A. , Wei Ai‐qun , Diwan Ashish D.
Published: July 2015

Our laboratory has demonstrated that bone morphogenetic protein 13 prevented the effects of annular injury in an ovine model, maintaining intervertebral disc height, cell numbers and increasing extracellular matrix production compared to degenerated controls. The present study sought to examine the molecular effects of bone morphogenetic protein 13 on human degenerated disc cells and localize its expression in both human degenerate and scoliotic disc tissue. Effect of bone morphogenetic protein 13 on human derived nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus and endplate cells cultured in alginate beads was evaluated by changes in proteoglycan and collagen content. Migratory potential of disc cells towards bone morphogenetic protein 13 was also examined. Bone morphogenetic protein 13 induced significant proteoglycan accumulation in nucleus (18%), annulus (21%) and endplate (23%) cells cultured in alginate beads (p < 0.05) compared to controls. Further bone morphogenetic protein 13 increased collagen I and II protein expression in nucleus and endplate cells. Nucleus cells displayed a significant chemotactic response towards bone morphogenetic protein 13. The endogenous expression of bone morphogenetic protein 13 in degenerate disc tissue was not different to scoliotic disc. Bone morphogenetic protein 13 has the potential to enhance extracellular matrix accumulation and induce cell migration in certain disc cells. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1769–1775, 2015.
MRI evaluation of spontaneous intervertebral disc degeneration in the alpaca cervical spine
Authors: Stolworthy Dean K. , Bowden Anton E. , Roeder Beverly L. , Robinson Todd F. , Holland Jacob G. , Christensen S. Loyd , Beatty Amanda M. , Bridgewater Laura C. , Eggett Dennis L. , Wendel John D. , Stieger‐Vanegas Susanne M. , Taylor Meredith D.
Published: July 2015

Animal models have historically provided an appropriate benchmark for understanding human pathology, treatment, and healing, but few animals are known to naturally develop intervertebral disc degeneration. The study of degenerative disc disease and its treatment would greatly benefit from a more comprehensive, and comparable animal model. Alpacas have recently been presented as a potential large animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration due to similarities in spinal posture, disc size, biomechanical flexibility, and natural disc pathology. This research further investigated alpacas by determining the prevalence of intervertebral disc degeneration among an aging alpaca population. Twenty healthy female alpacas comprised two age subgroups (5 young: 2–6 years; and 15 older: 10+ years) and were rated according to the Pfirrmann‐grade for degeneration of the cervical intervertebral discs. Incidence rates of degeneration showed strong correlations with age and spinal level: younger alpacas were nearly immune to developing disc degeneration, and in older animals, disc degeneration had an increased incidence rate and severity at lower cervical levels. Advanced disc degeneration was present in at least one of the cervical intervertebral discs of 47% of the older alpacas, and it was most common at the two lowest cervical intervertebral discs. The prevalence of intervertebral disc degeneration encourages further investigation and application of the lower cervical spine of alpacas and similar camelids as a large animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1776–1783, 2015.
Single intra‐articular dexamethasone injection immediately post‐surgery in a rabbit model mitigates early inflammatory responses and post‐traumatic osteoarthritis‐like alterations
Authors: Heard Bryan J. , Barton Kristen I. , Chung May , Achari Yamini , Shrive Nigel G. , Frank Cyril B. , Hart David A.
Published: July 2015

Despite surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, a significant number of patients will still develop post‐traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Our objective was to determine if mitigating aspects of the acute phase of inflammation following a defined knee surgery with a single administration of a glucocorticoid could prevent the development of PTOA‐like changes within an established rabbit model of surgically induced PTOA. An early and late post‐surgical time‐point was investigated in this study (48 h and 9 weeks post‐surgery) in which the following groups were repeated (each n = 6, for a total of 24 rabbits per time‐point, and 48 rabbits used in the study): control (age/sex matched), sham (arthrotomy), drill injury (arthrotomy + two drill holes to a non‐cartilaginous area of the femoral notch), and drill injury + single intra‐articular (IA) injection of dexamethasone (DEX). At 48 h post‐surgery, DEX treatment significantly lowered the mRNA levels for a subset of pro‐inflammatory mediators, and significantly lowered the histological grade. Nine weeks post surgery, DEX treatment significantly lowered the histological scores (presented as effect size) for synovium (3.8), lateral femoral condyle (3.9), and lateral tibial cartilage (5.1) samples. Thus, DEX likely acts to prevent injury induced inflammation that could contribute to subsequent joint damage. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:1826–1834, 2015.