bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How car producers are driving toward sustainable supplier development
Authors: Hąbek Patrycja , Lavios Juan J. , Krupah Edward
Published: August 2022

Sustainable supplier development helps to improve mutually the supplier’s as well as the buying company sustainability performance. The producer could choose guidance, compliance or capacity building activities to develop its supplier or implement them all. This paper aims to present how the car producers practice sustainable supplier development taking into account different types of approaches and implementation tools. The authors applied content analysis to investigate approaches of six car producers from EU member states. The data was collected from the sustainability reports and complemented with the available information of the supplier sustainability requirements and the code of conduct of each car producer. The findings revealed that analysed car producers use similar approaches to develop their suppliers in the context of sustainability. All of them use mix of activities from all identified categories and collaborate within industry initiatives devoted to spread sustainability in supply chain.
Infiniittiset verbirakenteet raumalaisessa Westhin koodeksissa ja Mikael Agricolan Käsikirjassa
Authors: Häkkinen Kaisa
Published: August 2022

Finnish written language was created through translation. Liturgical texts began to emerge, as the Protestant Reformation reached Finland in 1530s. Codex Westh is one of the oldest manuscripts written in Finnish. The core part of the codex contains an Agenda (schemata of ecclesiastical ceremonies) dating from 1546. Mikael Agricola, the celebrated founder of the Finnish literary language, submitted corresponding material to the printing press some years later (1549). As a common and homogenous Finnish language did not yet exist at that time, the texts translated from Swedish sources by Westh and Agricola were partly different. This study examines the use of non-finite verb forms and verbal constructions in the Agendas of Westh and Agricola. The results of analysis illustrate that, consistent with previous knowledge of the nature of contact-induced changes and different translation strategies, significant changes have taken place in those parts of the Finnish modal verb system that have provided various alternative solutions or system gaps to be filled with new types of syntactic constructions following the model given by source languages. Structural borrowing from Swedish and Latin can be seen in both translations, and Westh especially seems to have ended up with simple and partly unidiomatic routines when choosing Finnish counterparts to Swedish modal constructions.
Розробка мобільного додатку для пошуку та усунення несправностей бортових командних ультракороткохвильових радіостанцій
Authors: Красноруцький А. О. , Жук В. В. , Казьміров І. В. , Мартинюк А. С.
Published: August 2022

У статті розглядається актуальне питання інтеграції сучасних програмно-апаратних оболонок та інтернет середовища в технологію обслуговування радіоелектронного обладнання літальних апаратів, що створить умови зменшення працевитрат особового складу на пошук та усунення несправностей  на прикладі ультракороткохвильової радіостанції Р-863. Основним завданням є виключення ймовірності помилки в ході обслуговування та ремонту радіоелектронного обладнання, пов’язаного напряму з людським фактором, що дасть змогу залучати фахівців з нижчим рівнем класної кваліфікації для виконання робіт, які потребують глибоких знань конструкції, особливостей експлуатації та ремонту агрегатів, блоків, систем радіоелектронного обладнання повітряних суден Збройних Сил України.
Оцінювання ефективності біоінспірованого методу декодування кодів з малою щільністю перевірок на парність
Authors: Штомпель М. А. , Нестеренко К. С. , Міщенко А. В.
Published: August 2022

У роботі проведено оцінювання ефективності біоінспірованого методу декодування кодів з малою щільністю перевірок на парність у каналі зв’язку з адитивним білим гауссовим шумом. Наведено основні етапи біоінспірованого декодування даних кодів у загальному випадку. Розроблено алгоритм біоінспірованого декодування кодів з малою щільністю перевірок на парність на основі процедури кажанів та розглянуто особливості його реалізації. Проведено експериментальне дослідження щодо ефективності застосування цієї процедури пошукової оптимізації при біоінспірованому декодуванні даних кодів. Показано, що для коду з малою щільністю перевірок на парність з обраними параметрами біоінспіроване декодування дозволяє отримати значний енергетичний виграш від кодування у каналі зв’язку з адитивним білим гауссовим шумом. Представлений метод декодування кодів з малою щільністю перевірок на парність доцільно використовувати для удосконалення систем зв’язку загального та спеціального призначення.
Pemberdayaan Semangat Belajar Peserta Didik melalui Semangat Berprestasi di PKBM Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Rahmana Sitto , Putri Suci Agustia , Sari Susi Ratna
Published: August 2022

Setiap warga negara dijamin mendapatkan pendidikan yang layak, tidak terkecuali terhadap anak-anak keluarga marjinal di perkotaan. Di Bukittinggi Sumatera Barat salah satu lembaga pendidikan yang melayani pendidikan anak-anak keluarga marjinal ini salah, PKBM Kasih Bundo. Pada tahun 2016 ini tercatat ada 314 orang warga belajar mendapatkan pendidikan di lembaga ini, namun dalam proses pembelajaran warga belajar sering mendapatkan pendidikan yang tidak ideal, sehingga proses pembelajaran bagi warga belajar tidak mencerahkan, serta sekolah bagi mereka tidak menjadi bahagian penting dirasakan untuk membangun mentalitas dan orientasi masa depan. Kondisi seperti itu terjadi sebagai akibat dari rendahnya motivasi Prestasi belajar yang diperoleh oleh warga belajar, disamping guru lebih dominan melakukan pendekatan-pendekatan praktis dalam pendidikan, yaitu melakukan pendekatan pencapaian hasil belajar daripada memperhatikan pendekatan emosional mentalitas. Di samping tanpa mempertimbangkan kondisi sosial dan masalah yang dihadapi warga belajarnya yang terdiri dari anak-anak yang bermasalah secara ekonomi, sosial dan budaya. Sehubungan dengan permasalahan ini, guru harus dilakukan pendampingan supaya dapat melakukan pendekatan-pendekatan emosional, dengan memberikan motivasi need achievement pada siswa. Dari hasil dampingan diperoleh, ternyata memang warga belajar sangat membutuhkan pendekatan emosional motivasi Prestasi belajar tersebut. Setelah mendapatkan materi dan dampingan ternyata ada perubahan yang mendasar, diantaranya terlihat dari kesungguhan dalam belajar, mampu menjalankan disiplin dan telah memulai membangun orientasi masa depan.
Istirātījiyyah Mahārah al-Istimāʿ fī Taʿlīm al-Lughah al-ʿArabiyyah li al-Nāṭiqīn bi Ghairihā, al-Kitāb al-Asāsiy bi Maʿhad al-Khurṭūm al-Dauliy Namūżajan
Authors: Hasan Nahla
Published: August 2022

The article dealt with the strategies of listening skills and their acquisition for non-native Arabic language learners through the introductory book at the Khartoum International Institute for the Arabic language at the intermediate level. The study intends to know the strategies used in implementing the listening skill as one of the primary and practical skills in teaching language and communication with others, and the listening skill has elements that are not based only on receiving audible sounds and understanding the meanings of words and sentences. Instead, it requires using the senses of sight and hearing together besides the mind. To achieve this, the researcher followed the following methodological and procedural steps: The study tool is: the interview and attendance of three lectures for listening lessons at the Khartoum International Institute, and directing interview questions to the two teachers in the second semester of the year 20/2021 AD. The number of learners was between twenty-five to thirty learners from countries: Indonesia, Nigeria, China, Comoros, and others. The study relied on the descriptive approach based on observation, induction, and analysis. It is carried out according to several strategies, including direct and indirect.

تناولت المقالة إستراتيجية مهارة الاستماع وإكسابها لمتعلمي اللُّغة العربية الناطقين بغيرها من خلال الكتاب الأساسي، بمعهد الخرطوم الدولي للغة العربية المستوى المتوسط، بهدف معرفة الإستراتيجية المستخدمة في تنفيذ  مهارة الاستماع بكونها من المهارات الأساسية والفاعلة في تعليم اللُّغة والاتصال مع الاَخرين، ولمهارة الاستماع عناصر  لا تستند فقط إلى استقبال الصوت المسموع وإدراك معاني الكلمات والجمل؛ بل تتطلب استخدام حاستي البصر والسمع معًا بجانب العقل، من أجل تحقيق ذلك اتبعت الباحثة الخطوات المنهجية والإجرائية الآتية: أداة الدِّراسة هي: المقابلة  وحضور ثلاث محاضرات  للدروس الاستماع  بمعهد الخرطوم الدولي، وتوجيه أسئلة المقابلة للمعلمتين في الفصل الدراسي الثاني للعام 20/2021م، أمّا بالنّسبة للمتعلمين، فقد انحصر عددهم ما بين خمس وعشرين إلى ثلاثين متعلما، من دول: إندونيسيا، ونيجيريا، والصين وجزر القمر، وغيرها، اعتمدت الدِّراسة على المنهج الوصفي القائم على  الملاحظة والاستقراء والتحليل، وتوصلت الدِّراسة إلى نتائج من أهمها:  أنّ تدرس "مهارة الاستماع" يتم وفق عدّة إستراتيجية منها المباشرة، وغير المباشرة.
K-Means Clustering Algorithm to See the Correlation of Tahfidz Activities with Student’s Learning Outcomes
Authors: Khomarudin Agus Nur , Hidayat Asri
Published: August 2022

Computer technology is currently used as a tool to support educational activities and assist teachers in quickly, precisely, and accurately processing student data. The Qur'an has been memorized by many students at MAN 1 Bukittinggi as a result of long-running Tahfidz activities, which have also helped them stand out in teaching and learning evaluation meetings held at the end of each semester. In conveying the activities which take place in the field, the Tahfidz teacher has not used real data and certainly will not describe the real state of Tahfidz activity and student memorization. The solution to this problem is applying the Data Mining technique for grouping data of Tahfidz activity and student learning outcomes, in order to discover the correlation between the two and whether there is any effect or not. The data processed in this research is Tahfidz activity data and student learning outcomes data for class XI (eleven) sourced from piles of data, the data used are Tahfidz memorization data, Tahfidz scores, and student grades at MAN 1 Bukittinggi. The data mining development methodology used in this research is Cross-Industry Standart Process for Data Mining (CRIPS-DM). The results of the research by applying the K-Means Clustering algorithm has produced two clusters. The first cluster shows the characteristic that Tahfidz activity doesn’t have significant effect on student learning outcomes. The second cluster shows the characteristics that Tahfidz activity has a significant effect on student learning outcomes.  The data from the clustering of each cluster is then analyzed and the results of the cluster analysis are used by the school as a consideration in evaluating Tahfidz activity and learning outcomes whether it has been effective or not at MAN 1 Bukittinggi.
Eksplorasi Eduwisata Garam Sebagai Metode Pembelajaran Matematika Era New Normal
Authors: Andari Regita Dwi , Wahyuni Sri , Arohman Riski Kholif , Zayyadi Moh
Published: August 2022

The pandemic period requires learning to be online. Online learning does not work effective due to several things, such as less than optimal student involvement, inadequate facilities, and so on. Improvements in these problems are urgently needed, as is the use of a new appropriate learning method. This study aims to explore the mathematical concept of Eduwisata Garam on the salt island of Madura. The type of data in this study is a qualitative research with an etnographic approach. The etnographic approach is an empirical and theoretical approach to produce a deeper description and analysis of Eduwisata Garam. The result of this research is in Eduwisata Garam there is a circle concept; rotation; two-dimentional figure; social arithmetic; distance, time, and speed; statistics; discharge, volume, and time that can be used as learning methods. In addition, this Eduwisata Garam can be used as a medium of education for children in introducing Madurese culture, especially in the manufacture of salt.

Masa pandemi mengharuskan pembelajaran menjadi dalam jaringan (online). Pembelajaran online tidak berjalan efektif karena beberapa hal, seperti keterlibatan peserta didik kurang maksimal, fasilitas kurang memadai, dan lain sebagainya. Perbaikan dalam masalah tersebut sangat diperlukan, seperti menggunakan sebuah metode pembelajaran baru yang sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi konsep matematika pada Eduwisata Garam yang ada di Pulau Garam Madura. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Pendekatan etnografi merupakan sebuah pendekatan yang dilakukan secara empiris dan teoretis untuk menghasilkan sebuah gambaran dan analisis lebih tentang eduwisata garam. Hasil penelitian ini adalah dalam Eduwisata Garam terdapat konsep lingkaran; rotasi; bangun datar; aritmetika sosial; jarak, waktu, dan kecepatan; statistika; debit, volume, dan waktu yang dapat dijadikan sebagai metode pembelajaran. Selain itu, eduwisata garam ini dapat dijadikan sebagai media edukasi kepada anak dalam memperkenalkan budaya Madura khususnya dalam pembuatan garam.
Politeness Strategies Found in Classroom Interaction Post-Graduate Student
Authors: Helmi Silfia
Published: August 2022

The science of speech and context is known as pragmatics. Politeness strategy is one of many linguistic concerns covered in this study. There are four categories of politeness in the research on polite discourse that Brown and Levinson pioneered. Being polite seeks to lessen uncomfortable or unwelcome reactions. Culture and politeness can be related through research. The Minangkabau people believe that the use of the "Kato nan ampek” style, which makes one's politeness in speech apparent, can reveal one's politeness. The purpose of this study is to discuss the many types of politeness used in the Postgraduate UNP class. The politeness strategy of Brown and Levinson is the underlying hypothesis. By using data from video zoom meetings for English learning related to teacher and student interactions in the classroom, this research is qualitative and descriptive. Based on the discussion, it is found that they practice all kinds of politeness strategies in leading class for post-graduate students

Pragmatic adalah ilmu tentang ujaran dan konteks.  Dalam ilmu ini dibahas beberapa isu dalam berbahasa, salah satunya kesantunan tutur. Didalam kajian tutur kesopanan yang diinisiasi oleh Brwon dan Levinson, memberi empat kategori kesantutan tutur. Kesantunan pada dasarnya bertujuan untuk mengurangi respon yang tidak diinginkan atau ketidaknyamanan. Kajian kesopanan dapat berkorelasi dengan budaya. Kesopanan menurut orang Minangkabau dapat dilihat dari aplikasi “kato nan ampek” dari langgam ini, nampak bahwa kesopanan seseorang dalam berujar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mendiskusikan bentuk tutur kesopanan yang ada pada interaksi kelas pada kelas Pasca Sarjana UNP. Teori yang digunakan adalah strategi kesantunan oleh Brown dan Levinson.. Penilitian ini adalah qualitativ descriptif dengan mengambil data dari video zoom meeting pembelajran bahasa Inggris terkait interaksi guru dan murid didalam kelas. Hasil dari penelititan ini menunjukkan empat kategori kesantunan tutur dilakukan oleh dosen kepada mahasiswa pasca sarjana pada interaksi dalam kelas.
Association Between Fallopian Tube Length and Genital Endometriosis in Infertile Patients Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Iremadze Lela , Gvenetadze Arsen , Taboridze Iamze , Tandashvili Lela , Gvenetadze Rusudan , Vasilios Tanos
Published: August 2022

Background: Information about the prevalence of fallopian tube pathology in the early stages of endometriosis is scarce. The aim of our study was to examine the association between genital endometriosis and the lengths of fallopian tubes in infertile women. Settings and Design: retrospective cohort study. Methods: We studied 651 infertile patients in the 20–40 year age group, who visited a Reproductive Clinic for treatment between 2012–2018. After laparoscopy, endometriosis (detected by histomorphology) was indicated in 472 cases and absent in 179 cases. The length of the fallopian tubes was estimated in 193 primary infertile women with endometriosis. We excluded patients from the study who had surgical intervention on their tubes. Appearance of tubes and fimbriae was assessed in 177 patients without endometriosis and in 461 patients with endometriosis. Results: The proportion of women with shorter (<8 cm) right and left fallopian tubes was significantly greater in those with endometriosis. Conversely, the proportion of women with longer (>12 cm) left fallopian tubes was significantly higher in the group of patients without endometriosis. Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations of endometriosis with: a short (<8 cm) right fallopian tube-r = –0.504** (p < 0.001); Significant negative correlationsof endometriosis were with: a medium (8–12 cm) length right fallopian tube-r = –0.639** (p < 0.001); a long (>12 cm) left fallopian tube-r = –0.596** (p < 0.001); Conclusions: Infertile women with minimal or mild endometriosis have been shown to have anatomical and structural changes in the fallopian tubes and fimbriae compared to those without endometriosis. The presence of genital endometriosis (I;II stage) maybe associated with shorter fallopian tubes.
Early Development Survival of Pelophylax Water Frog Progeny is Primarily Affected by Paternal Genomic Input
Authors: Doležálková-Kaštánková Marie , Pyszko Petr , Choleva Lukáš
Published: August 2022

Background: Hybrid taxa exist in nature, but their fitness can vary greatly. Hybrids are usually thought to have lower viability and survival rate than parental species due to the occurrence of two different genomes and divergent evolution in each species. On the other hand, the hybrid vigour of the F1 generation may give hybrids an advantage in mixed populations where they have to live and compete with parental taxa. Post-zygotic selection with endogenous genetic mechanisms may be a significant evolutionary force in hybrid formation. Here we tested principles of post-zygotic reproductive dynamics in mixed populations of Pelophylax water frogs that would help us understand the origin and maintenance of such systems. Methods: Within experimental crosses, we combined various diploid Pelophylax genotypes resulting in 211 families. Statistical analysis of progeny was used to measure fertilization success, the rate of embryonic/tadpole mortality and the overall survival of the progeny till the time of metamorphosis. Using Generalized Estimating Equations models and variables defined by a mother/father included in mate pairs, we tested which factor best explains the successful embryonal development. Results: The development of Pelophylax offspring significantly varied in survival rate and morphological malformations. These post-zygotic reproductive dynamics were driven by parental combinations of species pairs. The best values in the proportion of developing eggs, embryos, tadpoles and overall survival showed progeny of homospecific P. lessonae crosses. Total survival rates were relatively similar between L-E and R-E population systems but much lower than homospecific crosses in parental taxa. However, once the early stages passed this period, tadpoles mostly of hybrid hemiclonal origin performed even better than pure P. ridibundus progeny. Hybrid × hybrid crosses showed the highest mortality values. Statistical testing revealed that high mortality affected paternal genetic input. Conclusions: Combined three water frog taxa and both sexes provided patterns of post-zygotic reproduction dynamics of early development in the widespread population systems in Central Europe. The results further showed high survival rates of hybrid F1s created de novo from parental species despite significant divergence between P. ridibundus and P. lessonae DNA. Potential conservation measures of sexual-asexual systems in natural populations are discussed.
Raman Spectroscopy Techniques for the Investigation and Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Polykretis Panagis , Banchelli Martina , D’Andrea Cristiano , de Angelis Marella , Matteini Paolo
Published: August 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, resulting in memory loss, cognitive decline, bodily function impairment, and finally death. The growing number of people suffering from AD increasingly urges the development of effective early diagnosis and monitoring techniques. Here, we review the most recent developments in the field of Raman-based techniques, which have shown a significant potential in identifying AD by detecting specific biomarkers in biological fluids, as well as in providing fundamental insights into key molecules involved in the disease progression or in the analysis of histological specimens of patients with AD. These techniques comprise spontaneous and resonant Raman spectroscopies, exploit plasmon- or fiber- enhanced effects, such as surface-, tip- or fiber- enhanced Raman spectroscopies, or involve non-linear techniques like coherent Raman scattering. The scientific efforts employed up to now as well as the rapid technological advancements in optical detection instruments (spectrometers, lasers, substrates for analysis, etc.) and the diffusion of advanced data processing methods suggest a leading role of Raman techniques in the perspective of a preclinical or clinical detection of AD.
The Role of the Gut-Lung Axis in COVID-19 Infections and Its Modulation to Improve Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Chen Jiezhong , Vitetta Luis
Published: August 2022

The main entry point of SARS-CoV-2 is the respiratory tract and as such immune defence in this site determines if the virus will spill-over to the systemic circulation and circulate and infect other major organs. The first line of mucosal immune defence is composed of mucins, an epithelial barrier, and immune cells in the nasal cavity. The lung immune defence is carried out by numerous alveoli. The lung microbiota is a key factor in determining the efficacy of lung mucosal immunity protection. The intestinal microbiota has been demonstrated to affect the severity of COVID-19. Gut dysbiosis is involved in hyperinflammation and multiple organ failure through communications with multiple organs. The gut lung axis could be the earliest axis affected in COVID-19. Through the gut-lung axis, gut dysbiosis can affect the pathogenesis of the lung in COVID-19. In this review, we summarise the effects that gut dysbiosis can progress on the lung, and the lung microbiota. The possible mechanisms and approaches for modulation are discussed.
Pairwise Learning via Stagewise Training in Proximal Setting
Authors: AlQuabeh Hilal , Abdurahimov Aliakbar
Published: August 2022

The pairwise objective paradigms are an important and essential aspect of machine learning.Examples of machine learning approaches that use pairwise objective functions include differential network in face recognition, metric learning, bipartite learning, multiple kernel learning, and maximizing of area under the curve (AUC). Compared to pointwise learning, pairwise learning's sample size grows quadratically with the number of samples and thus its complexity.Researchers mostly address this challenge by utilizing an online learning system. Recent research has, however, offered adaptive sample size training for smooth loss functions as a better strategy in terms of convergence and complexity, but without a comprehensive theoretical study. In a distinct line of research, importance sampling has sparked a considerable amount of interest in finite pointwise-sum minimization. This is because of the stochastic gradient variance, which causes the convergence to be slowed considerably. In this paper, we combine adaptive sample size and importance sampling techniques for pairwise learning, with convergence guarantees for nonsmooth convex pairwise loss functions. In particular, the model is trained stochastically using an expanded training set for a predefined number of iterations derived from the stability bounds.In addition, we demonstrate that sampling opposite instances at each iteration reduces the variance of the gradient, hence accelerating convergence. Experiments on a broad variety of datasets in AUC maximization confirm the theoretical results.
Impact of Gayatri Sadhana Camp on Stress and Well-being Parameters: A Mixed-method study.
Authors: Sharma Nitesh
Published: August 2022

Background: Meditation using mantras is widely practiced in India and the world. Among the ancient Vedic mantras, the Gayatri Mantra (GM) holds profound significance. Despite its importance, limited scientific studies explore its effects. However, the research on the comprehensive effect of GM sadhana, including its components as explained in the traditional text, has been underexplored. Therefore, this study explores the effect of GM-based practices in a camp on the stress and well-being indicators of individuals by employing a mixed-method study design.Methodology: The study involved 32 participants (18 males, 14 females; mean age = 50.44 years) attending a residential camp of Gayatri Sadhana. Psychological assessments were conducted using the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Scale of General Well-Being, Peace of Mind Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale, at the beginning and end of the camp. In addition, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interview schedules to understand the participant’s experiences with the Gayatri Sadhana program.Results: Results showed a significant improvement in positive affect, general well-being, peace of mind, and a significant reduction in stress and negative affect among all participants (P < 0.01). The qualitative interview responses revealed mental health benefits across various domains. The findings from the standard questionnaire strongly correlated with the qualitative responses from the interview schedule.Conclusion: Gayatri Sadhana appears to possess the potential to alleviate stress and enhance the general well-being of individuals. This study sheds light on the benefits of this ancient mantra-based practice and suggests its relevance in promoting overall well-being.
What Predicts the Severity of Monkeypox and other Infections?
Authors: Ola Paul
Published: August 2022

While logical deductions from data on fatalities have been unable to predict the severity of the pathological manifestations that appear in the infected, the prediction that emerged from the results obtained by illustrating the reality in which these pathological manifestations are brought about has, sadly, found confirmation in the deaths of four individuals in Brazil, Spain and India. Our topmost research priority now therefore ought to be the elucidation of the immunological conditions that give rise to immunity by means of natural infection and vaccination before this prediction is further represented in reality and graver predictions, like the catastrophic appearance of deadly outcomes of Monkeypox and Ebola without epidemiological links to Africa, are confirmed.
The Factors Affect the Online Learning Behaviour of Students
Authors: Van Anh Nguyen Thi , Tung Hoang Thanh , Uyen Tran Pham Chieu
Published: August 2022

This article aims to analyze the factor affecting online learning (e-learning) of high-school and university students in Vietnam based on such models as the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA – Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975); Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB - Ajzen, 1991); Technology Acceptance Model (TAM - Davis, 1989); C-TAM-TPB by Taylor and Todd (1995); and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) by Viswanath Venkatesh, Michael G. Moris, Gordon B. Davis, and Fred D (2003), and other related experimental studies. Based on the quantitative analysis results, it can be seen that among six factors that affect the online learning behavior of students, perceived behavioral control has the strongest impact, at 30.5%, the perceived ease of use affecting 28.7%, performance expectancy at 17.3% and facilitating conditions at 14.9%, social influence only at 12.3% and the risk of online learning harms students' behavior at -13.8%. By analyzing the advantages, disadvantages, and the degree of impact of factors affecting online learning behaviors, the research group makes some recommendations on applying a more effective online learning method, even after the Covid-19 pandemic is under control
Time Pressure Decreases Caution But Does Not Alter Subjective Valuation In Multi-Attribute Preferential Choice
Authors: Cavallaro Jon-Paul , Hawkins Guy
Published: August 2022

Preferential choices for complex options -- such as multi-attribute consumer goods -- are increasingly understood as a cognitive process of sequentially sampling decision-relevant information to a threshold.This explanation has repeatedly been tested against preferential choice data, and also against choice and latency data in free-response conditions.However, it has rarely been assessed in the presence of time pressure; a status quo manipulation in perceptual decisions, where such sequential sampling models originated.Here, we used two standard manipulations of time pressure across two preferential choice contexts to investigate whether time-pressure induced changes in decision time affect subjective valuations of the features of preferential options.Across four experiments, we found that the time taken to make multi-attribute preferential choices varied as a function of time pressure, consistent with decades of research about the speed-accuracy tradeoff in perceptual decisions, yet had little impact on choices outcomes, which is inconsistent with the perceptual decision literature.Cognitive modelling analyses attributed these behavioural changes to differential information accumulation: conditions imposing faster decisions led to less cautious information processing; subjective valuations of preferential options were stable across time pressure contexts. Our findings reinforce the reach of the speed-accuracy tradeoff by generalising some, but not all, of the standard behavioural and theoretical results from lower-level perceptual decisions to higher-level multi-attribute preferential choices.Specifically, while people adaptively modulated their decision speed in response to task demands, they were unable or unwilling to use additional decision time to enhance the accuracy of their preferential choices.
Ricci Curvature and the Stream of Associations
Authors: yinon  , cohen haim , Naim Paz M. , Saucan Emil , Maril Anat
Published: August 2022

This article seeks to characterize the rules guiding the transition from one thought to another in a stream of associations. Using a semantic network, we claim that Ricci curvature, which is an edge-based measure, has an important influence on this transition. Our novel interpretation of Ricci curvature on a hypernetwork allows us to determine the direction of the transition with maximal resolution. Based on this direction, we predict the next step in a stream of associations.
The effects of resource inequality on bribery
Authors: Ścigała Karolina Aleksandra , Nockur Laila , Lilleholt Lau , Pfattheicher Stefan
Published: August 2022

People differ fundamentally in their propensity to engage in bribery. Herein, we tested the effects of inequality of (monetary) resources between bribers (individuals who can offer bribes) and bribees (individuals who might receive bribes) on bribery. We implemented a bribery game where bribers and bribees could engage in bribery to benefit themselves at the cost of others. To manipulate resource inequality, we allocated each briber with a high or a low endowment (resulting in “rich” and “poor” bribers) and matched them with a bribee who received either a high or a low endowment (resulting in “rich” and “poor” bribees). In a large-scale pre-registered study (N = 2,401), we found that rich (vs. poor) bribees exhibited a stronger preference for (1) accepting bribes from rich, rather than poor bribers, and (2) accepting higher, rather than lower bribes. Furthermore, we found that both poor and rich bribers indicated they would only accept relatively high bribes from rich (rather than poor) bribees. Finally, rich and poor bribers benefitted in different ways when engaging in bribery: to get their bribes accepted, rich bribers had to spend lower proportions of their endowments than poor bribees, however, rich bribers had to spend more in absolute terms.
First-mover advantage in music
Authors: Sobchuk Oleg , Youngblood Mason , Morin Olivier
Published: August 2022

Why do some songs and musicians become successful while others do not? We show that one of the reasons may be the “first-mover advantage”: artists that stand at the foundation of new music genres tend to be more successful than those who join these genres later on. To test this hypothesis, we have analyzed a massive dataset of over 920,000 songs, including 110 music genres: 10 chosen intentionally and preregistered, and 100 chosen randomly. For this, we collected the data from two music services: Spotify, which provides detailed information about songs’ success (the precise number of times each song was listened to), and Every Noise at Once, which provides detailed genre tags for musicians. 91 genres, out of 110, show the first-mover advantage – clearly suggesting that it is an important mechanism in music success and evolution.
The Gendered Division of Cognitive Household Labor, Mental Load, and Family-Work Conflict in European Countries
Authors: Haupt Andreas , Gelbgiser Dafna
Published: August 2022

The unequal division of cognitive labor within the household and its potential association with mental load and stress has gained substantial interest in recent discussions. We aim to deepen this debate theoretically and empirically. First, going beyond the question of whether the division of cognitive labor is gendered, we connect cognitive household labor with existing stress theories and ask whether men and women typically perform cognitive labor tasks that are differently stressful. We then discuss whether women perform these stressful tasks more often, making them more prone to higher levels of family-work conflict. Second, we test these associations empirically using large-scale survey data from seven European countries within the Generations & Gender Programme (GGP). Our results confirm that a high share of cognitive labor increases women’s family-work conflict, but not men’s. We discuss future directions in the conceptualization and measurement of cognitive labor in the household and its implications for mental load. In doing so, this paper lays the foundations for a comprehensive data-driven understanding of the implications of unequal division of cognitive labor in the household for gender inequality.
Electron Tomography and Three-Dimensional Aspects of Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: John Mardinly A.
Published: August 2022

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) plays an important role semiconductor process development, defect identification, yield improvement, and root-cause failure analysis. At the same time, however, certain artifacts of specimen preparation and imaging present barriers for linear scaling of TEM techniques. This article assesses these challenges and explains how electron tomography is being used to overcome them.
Advances in Magnetic Current Imaging for Die-Level Fault Isolation
Authors: Woods S.I. , Orozco A. , Knauss L.A.
Published: August 2022

Recent improvements in giant magnetoresistance sensors have increased the achievable spatial resolution of magnetic current imaging on packaged devices without a significant compromise in magnetic field sensitivity. Front and backside current imaging examples show the utility of these new sensors for die-level failure analysis.
Analyse of Urban Phenomena, Channel Istanbul and Influence on Economy Based on Transportation
Authors: KIZILTAŞ Mehmet Çağrı , AYÖZEN Yunus
Published: August 2022

Urban planning has a vital role in terms of social, economical, trading, political, transport and other services, cultural and infrastructural performance of urban. There are serious effects of mega projects to urban as input and output. Hence quality of projects are as significant as quantity of projects too. In this context in this paper firstly urban development in Istanbul is evaluated on the parallel of specific samples. Then economical potential of Istanbul and Turkey is analyzed on the context of Channel Istanbul. After these economical, trading, social and political intuitives and influence areas of Turkey on regional and global scale are detailed examined in terms of transportation. Lastly conclusions and recommendations are. presented.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE USABILITY EVALUATION METHODOLOGY OF HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Kristina Susi Ari , Yulianto Rivai Endra Dwi , Widayanti Anna Wahyuni
Published: August 2022

A good information system will support the implementation of the tasks and functions of the organization. This systematic review aims to identify and characterize the methods and attributes in usability evaluation and identify measurement techniques in usability evaluation. This systematic review uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. The search was carried out using two databases, namely PubMed and Science Direct, by limiting information systems related to health published from 2015 to 2021. Articles that met the criteria were evaluated for methods, attributes, measurement techniques, and usability criteria used. Article quality was assessed using a modified Downs and Black checklist. The search identified 132 articles. The results of abstract screening and duplication-checking obtained 128 articles. The screening was carried out through a complete review of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, obtained 9 articles that met the criteria. There are five methods used for usability evaluation, namely Think aloud (TA), Heuristic evaluation (HE), System Usability Scale (SUS), User viewpoint, and Cognitive Walkthrough Method. Six problem definitions used in usability evaluation are ISO, Nielsen, user-based, TAUCHI, 19 item usability questions, and successful completion of scenarios. The measurement technique is done by qualitative and quantitative analysis. Effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction are criteria that are always assessed from almost all articles reviewed. The heuristic evaluation method with quantitative measurement techniques using an evaluator in evaluating usability based on scenarios then proceeding with qualitative measurement techniques to deepen problems and provide solutions is the most ideal usability evaluation measurement technique.
Impact of radiotherapy delay following biopsy for patients with unresected glioblastoma
Authors: Gao Sarah , Jin Lan , Moliterno Jennifer , Corbin Zachary A. , Bindra Ranjit S. , Contessa Joseph N. , Yu James B. , Park Henry S.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Because of the aggressive nature of glioblastoma, patients with unresected disease are encouraged to begin radiotherapy within approximately 1 month after craniotomy. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between time interval from biopsy to radiotherapy with overall survival in patients with unresected glioblastoma.

METHODS

Patients with unresected glioblastoma diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 who received adjuvant radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy were identified in the National Cancer Database. Demographic and clinical data were compared using chi-square and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling.

RESULTS

Among 3456 patients with unresected glioblastoma, initiation of radiotherapy within 3 weeks of biopsy was associated with a higher hazard of death compared with later initiation of radiotherapy. After excluding patients who received radiotherapy within 3 weeks of biopsy to minimize the effects of confounders associated with short time intervals from biopsy to radiotherapy, the median interval from biopsy to radiotherapy was 32 days (IQR 27–39 days). Overall, 1782 (66.82%) patients started radiotherapy within 5 weeks of biopsy, and 885 (33.18%) patients started radiotherapy beyond 5 weeks of biopsy. On multivariable analysis, there was no significant difference in overall survival between these two groups (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.88–1.50; p = 0.374).

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with unresected glioblastoma, a longer time interval from biopsy to radiotherapy does not appear to be associated with worse overall survival. However, external validation of these findings is necessary given that selection bias is a significant limitation of this study.
Salvage radiosurgery following subtotal resection of vestibular schwannomas: does timing influence tumor control?
Authors: Dhayalan Dhanushan , Perry Avital , Graffeo Christopher S. , Tveiten Øystein Vesterli , Muñoz Casabella Amanda , Pollock Bruce E. , Driscoll Colin L. W. , Carlson Matthew L. , Link Michael J. , Lund-Johansen Morten
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

The goal of microsurgical resection of vestibular schwannoma (VS) is gross-total resection (GTR) to provide oncological cure. However, a popular strategy is to halt the resection if the surgical team feels the risk of cranial nerve injury is imminent, achieving a maximally safe subtotal resection (STR) instead. The tumor remnant can then be treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) once the patient has recovered from the immediate postoperative period, or it can be followed with serial imaging and treated with SRS in a delayed fashion if residual tumor growth is seen. In this study, the authors evaluated the efficacy of this multimodality approach, particularly the influence of timing and dose of SRS on radiological tumor control, need for salvage treatment, and cranial nerve function.

METHODS

VS patients treated with initial microsurgery and subsequent radiosurgery were retrospectively included from two tertiary treatment centers and dichotomized depending on whether SRS was given upfront (defined as before 12 months) or later. Radiological tumor control was defined as less than 20% tumor volume expansion and oncological tumor control as an absence of salvage treatment. Facial and cochlear nerve functions were assessed after surgery, at the time of SRS, and at last follow-up. Finally, a systematic literature review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines.

RESULTS

A total of 110 VS patients underwent SRS following microsurgical resection, with a mean preradiosurgical tumor volume of 2.2 cm3 (SD 2.5 cm3) and mean post-SRS follow-up time of 5.8 years (SD 4.1 years). The overall radiological tumor control and oncological tumor control were 77.3% and 90.9%, respectively. Thirty-five patients (31.8%) received upfront SRS, while 75 patients (68.2%) were observed for a minimum of 12 months prior to SRS. The timing of SRS did not influence the radiological tumor control (p = 0.869), the oncological tumor control (p = 0.560), or facial nerve (p = 0.413) or cochlear nerve (p = 0.954) function. An escalated marginal dose (> 12 Gy) was associated with greater tumor shrinkage (p = 0.020) and superior radiological tumor control (p = 0.020), but it did not influence the risk of salvage treatment (p = 0.904) or facial (p = 0.351) or cochlear (p = 0.601) nerve deterioration.

CONCLUSIONS

Delayed SRS after close observation of residuals following STR is a safe alternative to upfront SRS regarding tumor control and cranial nerve preservation in selected patients.
Magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy restored distinctive resting-state networks in patients with essential tremor
Authors: Kato Sachiko , Maesawa Satoshi , Bagarinao Epifanio , Nakatsubo Daisuke , Tsugawa Takahiko , Mizuno Satomi , Kawabata Kazuya , Tsuboi Takashi , Suzuki Masashi , Shibata Masashi , Takai Sou , Ishizaki Tomotaka , Torii Jun , Mutoh Manabu , Saito Ryuta , Wakabayashi Toshihiko , Katsuno Masahisa , Ozaki Norio , Watanabe Hirohisa , Sobue Gen
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy ameliorates symptoms in patients with essential tremor (ET). How this treatment affects canonical brain networks has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to clarify changes of brain networks after MRgFUS thalamotomy in ET patients by analyzing resting-state networks (RSNs).

METHODS

Fifteen patients with ET were included in this study. Left MRgFUS thalamotomy was performed in all cases, and MR images, including resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI), were taken before and after surgery. MR images of 15 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were also used for analysis. Using rsfMRI data, canonical RSNs were extracted by performing dual regression analysis, and the functional connectivity (FC) within respective networks was compared among pre-MRgFUS patients, post-MRgFUS patients, and HCs. The severity of tremor was evaluated using the Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (CRST) score pre- and postoperatively, and its correlation with RSNs was examined.

RESULTS

Preoperatively, ET patients showed a significant decrease in FC in the sensorimotor network (SMN), primary visual network (VN), and visuospatial network (VSN) compared with HCs. The decrease in FC in the SMN correlated with the severity of tremor. After MRgFUS thalamotomy, ET patients still exhibited a significant decrease in FC in a small area of the SMN, but they exhibited an increase in the cerebellar network (CN). In comparison between pre- and post-MRgFUS patients, the FC in the SMN and the VSN significantly increased after treatment. Quantitative evaluation of the FCs in these three groups showed that the SMN and VSN increased postoperatively and demonstrated a trend toward those of HCs.

CONCLUSIONS

The SMN and CN, which are considered to be associated with the cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop, exhibited increased connectivity after MRgFUS thalamotomy. In addition, the FC of the visual network, which declined in ET patients compared with HCs, tended to normalize postoperatively. This could be related to the hypothesis that visual feedback is involved in tremor severity in ET patients. Overall, the analysis of the RSNs by rsfMRI reflected the pathophysiology with the intervention of MRgFUS thalamotomy in ET patients and demonstrated a possibility of a biomarker for successful treatment.