bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of choosing the tactics and method of treatment of external joint frequencies of long external bones in people living with HIV
Authors: Doronin N. G. , Khoroshkov S. N. , Maksimov S. L.
Published: March 2020

Objective. Develop an algorithm for determining tactics and parameters of their treatment to improve treatment outcomes.

Methodology. Material and research methods. A statistical analysis of the treatment results of 90 HIV-infected patients aged from 23 to 54 years with extra-articular fractures of long bones of the extremities was carried out. When determining the tactics and method of treatment, the peculiarities of the effect of HIV infection, antiretroviral drugs, and opportunistic diseases on the patient’s body were not taken into account.

Results. Non-infectious complications are characteristic of HIV-infected patients: sides of the postoperative wound (seromas, hematomas, discrepancy of wound edges, delayed crushing), aseptic loosening and migration of fixatives, delayed consolidation of fractures. The presence of a statistically significant relationship between the objective factors characterizing the course of HIV infection: the stage of the disease, the number of CD lymphocytes, the ratio of CD4 / CD8 lymphocytes, viral load and the risk of postoperative complications was revealed.

Conclusion. The application of the developed algorithm allows you to objectify the procedure and provide an individual approach in determining the tactics and method of treatment for HIV-infected patients with extraarticular fractures of long bones of the extremities
The diagnostic value of indirect markers of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Tereshkov D. V. , Mitsura V. M.
Published: March 2020

Aim of investigation: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possibility using of indirect liver fibrosis markers for the estimation of fibrosis severity and timely prescribing of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Materials and methods: We examined 130 patients with chronic hepatitis B (mean age 41,8±13,5 years, 70% of men) having known liver fibrosis stage based on fibroelastography or liver biopsy. The age of patients, 9 parameters of biochemical blood analysis, complete blood count and coagulogram along with 7 indices calculated on their base were considered. Their prognostic values were estimated by means of ROC analysis.

Results: According to increase of liver fibrosis stage albumin, prothrombin index, platelet count, cholesterol reduce and aspartate aminotransferase, international normalized ratio, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase levels rise (p<0,01). All of the laboratory parameters and indices were significantly different (p<0,01) in patients with minimal (F0–F1) and advanced (F2–F4) fibrosis. For patients with chronic hepatitis B the most significant predictors of advanced liver fibrosis (F2–F4) were: GUCI and King’s score indices as well as eLIFT scale. Index GUCI had the best diagnostic performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0,866) with 89,5% sensitivity and 78,0% specificity at cut off ≥0,7/

Conclusion: The assessment of indirect liver fibrosis markers in patients with chronic hepatitis B can be easily performed at any stage of medical care; they are quite informative and can be used for the estimation of fibrosis severity and timely conducting antiviral therapy.
Measles immunity in different population groups
Authors: Belopolskaya M. A. , Grigoryeva T. D. , Avrutin V. Yu. , Potanina D. V. , Dmitriev A. V. , Yakovlev A. A.
Published: March 2020

Objective: to examine the state of the immunity to measles in different age groups.

Materials and methods: In 2018, 4444 people were examined at the Diagnostic Center (virological). Among them, 3783 people were examined using the passive haemagglutination test for measles (manufactured by Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Russia). In the remaining 661 cases, the IgG to measles were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by VektoMeaseles IgG test (manufactured by Vector-Best, Russia). The correlation between the measles IgG level (ELISA) and the age was examined in 518 patients.

Results: In this study, the immunity to measles was shown to be insufficient in all groups of observed people. Even among medical staff, nearly 10% had no protective level of measles antibodies. We have shown that the correlation between the measles IgG level and the age is statistically significant, so that the number of seronegative persons in different age groups differs significantly.

Conclusion: The highest ratio of seronegative individuals was found in the age group between 18 and 25 years (52,33%), which can lead to serious measles outbreaks. Hence, this study confirms a strong need for additional immunization in all groups and especially in young population.
Dynamics of proinflammatory (IL-1, TNF), immunoregulatory (IL-4), and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in the various outcomes of abdominal fever development
Authors: Mirzajanova D. B. , Gulamov N. G.
Published: March 2020

Dynamics of proinflammatory (IL-1, TNF), immunoregulatory (IL-4) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine levels was studied in 35 and 6 patients with abdominal fever with outcome of the disease in recovery and acute bacterial carriage, respectively. Level of cytokines in peripheric blood was studied at the height of the disease (the second week) and at the stages of early (the fourth week) and late (before hospital discharge) convalescence. Control group included 24 healthy individuals. At the height of the disease IL-1 and TNF levels were significantly higher in patients with disease recovery compared to patients with acute bacterial carriage. Dynamics of indices of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in patients with acute abdominal fever with outome in recovery and acute bacterial carriage was similar: the indices were increased at the height of the disease, at the stages of early and late convalescence the stable tendency to further increase was observed. Dynamics of proinflammatory (IL-1 and TNF) cytokines demonstrates that chronization of infectious process in abdominal fever/development of acute bacterial carriage is specified by insufficient increase of proinflammatory cytokines.
Characteristics of HCV infection in oncohematological patients
Authors: Lioznov D. A. , Nozhkin M. S. , Gorchakova O. V. , Antonova T. V.
Published: March 2020

Objective: clinical and laboratory characteristics of HCV infection in patients with oncohematological malignancies.

Materials and Methods: The study included 106 patients with a positive serum HCV antibody (anti-HCV) test result, who were examined or treated in 5 specialized oncohematological units of different hospitals in Saint Petersburg in 2018–2019.

Laboratory tests included: ALT and AST activity, qualitative (with sensitivity of 60 IU/ml) and quantitative determination of HCV RNA, as well as HCV genotyping by real-time PCR. The presence and the grade of liver fibrosis according to the METAVIR scale were evaluated by indirect elastography on Fibroscan.

Results: Men were predominant (62,2%), and most of patients (67%) were of young and middle age (18-59 years old). HCV infection was confirmed in 68% patients, and in 41.7% of them HCV genotype 3 was detected. HCV RNA was not detected in 32% cases, suggesting the spontaneous clearance of the virus. Severe liver fibrosis (F3) or cirrhosis (F4) were found in 40% patients with confirmed viremia. In most patients, the normal ALT activity level was registered. 86% patients diagnosed with HCV infection were followed up by an infectious disease specialist until the present study. 19% patients received antiviral therapy for HCV infection.

Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with advanced liver fibrosis and HCV 3 genotype, causing the greatest difficulties in antiviral treatment for HCV infection, was revealed. Prescription of direct-acting antiviral agents in the early terms after establishment of the diagnosis is reasonable.
Popyt na włoskie dania regionalne wśród polskich turystów i mieszkańców Włoch
Authors: Sieczko Anna
Published: March 2020

Kuchnia włoska opiera się na produktach świeżych i łatwodostępnych z dodatkiem dużej ilości świeżych warzyw i przypraw. Cechuje ją także przystępność w wykonaniu, choć bywa czasochłonna. Dania przygotowywane są według starych, tradycyjnych receptur, co wpływa na różnorodność potraw i włoski charakter dań. Celem badania było pokazanie, na które dania regionalne istnieje popyt wśród polskich turystów, a które są preferowane przez mieszkańców Włoch przebywających w regionie Marche. Próba badawcza objęła 225 osób narodowości polskiej (w 2018 roku) i 125 osób narodowości włoskiej (w 2017 roku). Badanie zostało przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem formularza ankiety w języku polskim i włoskim. Ulubionym daniem polskich respondentów okazała się pizza, a włoskich vincisgrassi, brodetto oraz passatelli. Z win zaś Verdicchio di Jesi, Rosso Conero i Rosso Piceno.
Działania przedsiębiorcze kobiet na wsi na przykładzie KGW w powiecie gnieźnieńskim
Authors: Wojcieszak-Zbierska Monika , Zawadka Jan
Published: March 2020

Celem opracowania jest przybliżenie genezy, istoty oraz celów funkcjonowania kół gospodyń wiejskich, zaprezentowanie ich aktywności w zakresie pozyskiwania środków z funduszy UE, a także rozpoznanie i ukazanie celów inwestycji przez nie prowadzonych. Opracowanie wzbogacono studium przypadku Koła Gospodyń Wiejskich (KGW) w Modliszewku. W pracy wykorzystano pierwotne oraz wtórne źródła materiału badawczego. Źródła wtórne to literatura naukowa z zakresu rozwoju lokalnego, przedsiębiorczości, w tym inicjatyw podejmowanych przez kobiety na obszarach wiejskich, rozporządzenia oraz dane Agencji Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa dotyczące dofinansowania KGW środkami z Programu Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich (PROW) 2014–2020. Źródła pierwotne natomiast to wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w kwietniu 2019 roku dotyczących wykorzystywania pozyskanych przez KGW środków finansowych. Na podstawie wyników przeprowadzonych badań można stwierdzić, że pozyskane przez KGW fundusze pozwoliły na realizacje wielu działań, które przyczyniły się do rozwoju obszarów wiejskich. Członkinie badanych kół wykazywały się przedsiębiorczością i budowały dobry wizerunek swojego regionu. Otrzymane fundusze w głównej mierze przeznaczały na unowocześnienie posiadanego wyposażenia, a także promocję koła, regionu oraz lokalnej kuchni.
Dziedzictwo kulinarne i przyrodnicze w zarządzaniu rozwojem turystyki wiejskiej na przykładzie Norwegii
Authors: Nowak Czesław
Published: March 2020

Norwegia jest państwem o największym na świecie ekwiwalencie subwencji dla producentów rolnych – PSE w państwach OECD. Pomimo to od lat zmniejsza się tam zatrudnienie w rolnictwie i następuje wyludnianie obszarów wiejskich. Rozwój turystyki wiejskiej przyczynia się zarówno do spowolnienia tego procesu poprzez zwiększanie dochodów wiejskich gospodarstw domowych, jak i do zachowania tradycyjnego krajobrazu, wartości ekologicznych oraz dziedzictwa kulturowego, szczególnie kulinarnego. Za zarządzanie rozwojem turystyki na poziomie krajowym odpowiedzialne są głównie Ministerstwo ds. Klimatu i Środowiska, a szczególnie Departament Dziedzictwa Kulturowego i Środowiska Kulturowego i Departament Bioróżnorodności, a także Ministerstwo Rolnictwa i Żywności1. Na poziomie lokalnym dzięki innowacyjnemu podejściu do zarządzania przedsiębiorstwa turystyczne, chcąc ograniczyć negatywne skutki dużej sezonowości w tym sektorze gospodarki, przygotowują zarówno oferty typowe dla sezonu zimowego, jak i letniego. Umożliwia to zarówno lepsze wykorzystanie takich zasobów jak baza hotelowa oraz restauracje, jak i utrzymanie poziomu zatrudnienia pracowników.
Competitivness and prospects for development of berry production in Ukraine
Authors: Bohdaniuk Olena , Baklytska Tetiana
Published: March 2020

The demand for raspberries and blackberries has risen sharply in Europe and North America in recent years. Ukraine is almost one third of the world’s black earth, a favorable climate for growing vegetables, fruits and berries, as well as a good ratio of daytime and night-time temperatures and optimal length of sunny day. Therefore, the authors consider that Ukraine could become a reliable supplier of berries in Europe and America. Berries will not give the same high gross production as cereals. But these products are perspective in terms of processing, value added and profitability for the manufacturer. Considering the strategic importance of growing berries in Ukraine the subject of the research is to study the competitiveness and prospects for production of berries in Ukraine. The conducted assessment of the status and prospects of growing berries shows that Ukraine has been steadily producing within the range of 130-135 thousand tons of berries in recent years. Due to the fact that the products of private households and horticultural societies are not actually taxed, they have significant competitive advantages over agricultural enterprises, which is one of the reasons for the curtailment of industrial horticulture in Ukraine. But, on the other hand, they are inferior to large enterprises because of not failing to implement sanitary, technical standards, certification etc. In order to ensure the competitiveness of domestic producers in the external market, berry producers need to be more actively involved in the process of improving product quality, since in Ukraine only five agribusinesses have a Global GAP certificate, which is a minimum condition for access to the EU market. According to the results of the study, the authors consider organic production of berries as another perspective direction for the development of domestic berries.
Edukacja ekologiczna prowadzona przez Grupową Oczyszczalnię Ścieków Łódzkiej Aglomeracji Miejskiej i jej znaczenie w równoważeniu rozwoju
Authors: Dziemdziela Paweł
Published: March 2020

W artykule przedstawiono rolę edukacji ekologicznej i jej wpływ na zrównoważony rozwój na przykładzie Grupowej Oczyszczalni Ścieków Łódzkiej Aglomeracji Miejskiej. Zaprezentowano wyniki badań dotyczących oddziaływania edukacji ekologicznej na mieszkańców.
Determinanty rozwoju ekoinnowacji w przedsiębiorstwach agrobiznesu
Authors: Wielewska Izabela
Published: March 2020

Celem artykułu było wskazanie determinant rozwoju ekoinnowacji wprowadzanych w przedsiębiorstwach agrobiznesu oraz głównych barier powodujących niechęć dla działań inwestycyjnych o charakterze ekologicznym. Badania przeprowadzono w drugim kwartale 2019 roku na obszarach wiejskich województwa pomorskiego wśród właścicieli, kierowników bądź osób zajmujących się ochroną środowiska. Badania wykazały, że oprócz korzyści środowiskowych czynnikiem determinującym wprowadzanie ekoinnowacji są korzyści ekonomiczne i społeczne. Badane przedsiębiorstwa inwestowały najczęściej w OZE, segregację odpadów i modernizację linii technologicznych. Wskazano również na bariery, na jakie napotykają przedsiębiorstwa agrobiznesu. Wśród najważniejszych należy wymienić przestarzałą infrastrukturę, ograniczenia finansowe, wysokie koszty ekoinnowacji i prowadzenie działalności w warunkach niepewności rynkowej.
Training/detraining-induced gender specific functional adaptations of isolated rat heart
Authors: Dragojlovic-Ruzicic Radica , Radovanovic Dragan , Milanovic Zvezdan , Petkovic Anica , Jeremic Jovana , Nikolic-Тurnic Tamara , Milosavljevic Isidora , Srejovic Ivan , Zivkovic Vladimir , Krivokuca Zivko , Jakovljevic Vladimir , Djordjevic Dusica
Published: March 2020

Background/Aim. Mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise training on cardiovascular function are well known, but detraining effects on myocardial parameters have not been adequately elucidated. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the occurrence and speed of cardiac adaptation reversibility after the cessation of aerobic exercise and to reveal gender differences in achieved effects of training/detraining. Methods. Fe-male and male Wistar albino rats were divided into the following groups: control, trained, and two detrained groups. Hearts were perfused according to the Langendorff technique and the following cardiodynamic parameters were determined: the maximum and minimum rate of pressure development in the left ventricle (dp/dt max and dp/dt min, respectively), systolic and diastolic left ventricular pressure (SLVP and DLVP, respectively), heart rate (HR), and coronary flow. Results. Training significantly reduced values of dp/dt max, dp/dt min, and SLVP in males and females, and coronary flow in males. Detraining caused a reversion of those changes, which was gender-specific. In females, levels of SLVP were higher after 4 weeks of detraining compred to training, and after 2 weeks of detraining. Values of SLVP were lower in both detraining periods compared to training in males. Males had higher coronary flow after 2 weeks of detraining. Simultaneously, coronary flow was reduced in the 4th week of detraining in females. Conclusion. By using a model of the isolated rat heart, the present study confirmed the existence of training-induced changes in cardiac function. Cessation of training was followed by the loss of those adaptations, faster in males than females.
Pengaruh Kondisi Jalur Pedestrian dan Street Furniture Di Jalan Malioboro Terhadap Kenyamanan Ruang Publik
Authors: Saifuddin Muhammad Nashif , Qomarun Qomarun
Published: March 2020

Kawasan Malioboro merupakan salah satu ikon kota Yogyakarta. Malioboro menjadi salah satu destinasi favorit untuk berwisata di kota tersebut. Kawasan ini merupakan pertokoan yang melintang di sepanjang jalan Malioboro. Hampir setiap tahunnya selalu ramai dikunjungi oleh wisatawan, baik wisatawan dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Hal ini membuat jalan Malioboro menjadi zona yang sangat padat. Jalur pedestrian dan street furniture menjadi sangat vital bagi kenyamanan dalam beraktivitas di ruang publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kondisi dan street furniture dengan tingkat kenyamanan ruang publik yang dirasakanoleh pengguna. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif, dengan cara melakukan observasi fisik lalu memvalidasi hasil temuan observasi fisik dengan pendapat dari pengguna yang diperoleh dari hasil penyebaran 90 kuisioner tentang kondisi dari jalur pedestrian dan street furniture yang berpengaruh terhadap kenyamanan ruang publik. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan dari 90 sampel  responden pengguna jalan menyatakan bahwa kondisi jalur pedestrian dan street furniture memperoleh predikat baik dengan skor 2,59 (skala 4). Skor terendah dari sisi kelancaran jalur pedestrian dan skor tertinggi dari aspek estetika. Hasil final menunjukkan bahwa 81 % responden menyatakan bahwa Jalan Malioboro telah memenuhi kenyamanan ruang publik, baik kondisi jalur pedestrian maupun street furniture.
Liability Eksistensi Sampah untuk Komparasi Lingkungan
Authors: Lutfi Fuad Saiful , Nugrahaini Fadhilla Tri
Published: March 2020

Liability merupakan pertanggungjawaban dalam konteks ruang lingkup ekologi manusia. Masalah-masalah yang terjadi di masyarakat serta hubungan manusia, lingkungan, pola sosial dan budaya dapat dijadikan bahan pendukung untuk mengetahui hubungan antara makhluk hidup dan lingkungannya dalam pertanggungjawaban tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pola perilaku melalui komparasi manusia dan lingkungan dalam isu tanggap lingkungan pada dua lokasi penelitian. Lokasi pertama adalah Kelurahan Plesungan, Mojosongo dengan radius kurang dari satu kilo dari TPA Putri Cempo. Lokasi kedua adalah Kampung Kitiran, Yosoroto, Purwosari, Laweyan. Kedua lokasi tersebut menjadi objek penelitian untuk dibandingkan terkait pola perilaku masyarakat dalam rangka mengetahui pertanggungjawaban manusia terhadap lingkungan dalam isu eksistensi sampah.  Selain itu, beberapa strategi perlu dilakukan untuk mencapai kehidupan berkelanjutan melalui pendekatan ekologi terkait behaviorenvironment. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dimana peneliti mengawasi, mengamati dan mencatat serta terlibat dalam kegiatan masyarakat di wilayah objek pengamatan. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa pemaparan tentang karateristik dari kedua wilayah, arahan dan gambaran pertanggungjawaban utama masyarakat pada keberadaan sampah dan lingkungannya yaitu keberhasilan dalam memakmurkan kehidupannya yakni menghasilkan lingkungan yang baik, dimana lokasi pertama disarankan mencontoh lokasi kedua terkait perilaku dalam tanggap sampah dan lingkungannya seperti menciptakan penghijauan, membentuk komunitas, relasi hubungan sosial, dan strategi untuk mengatasi krisis seputar lingkungan.
Pendekatan Neo-Vernakular pada Perancangan Taman Budaya Kabupaten Landak Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Prasetyo Iqbal , Natalia Dita Ayu Rani
Published: March 2020

Taman Budaya merupakan tempat untuk mengembangkan kegiatan seni dan budaya bagi masyarakat di suatu kota atau daerah. Keberadaan Taman Budaya harus terasa bagi masyarakat lokal, namun tidak demikian yang terjadi di Kabupaten Landak, Kalimantan Barat. Di Kabupaten Landak belum tersedia tempat yang dapat menaungi kegiatan seni dan budaya, yang sebetulnya potensi untuk dikembangkan. Hal ini terjadi karena bidang seni dan budaya belum dianggap prioritas. Padahal apabila generasi muda tidak antusias terhadap pengembangan seni budaya, maka akan menjadi masalah cukup besar di masa yang akan datang. Untuk itulah Pemerintah setempat harus menyediakan tempat yang dapat membangkitkan gairah seni dan budaya bagi generasi muda, sekaligus dapat meningkatkan minat wisatawan yang ingin datang ke Kabupaten Landak. Perencanaan Taman Budaya ini menggunakan pendekatan perancangan Neo Vernakular, khusus nya pada rumah Betang yaitu rumah asli masyarakat Adat Suku Dayak Kanayant, yang menjadi bangunan utama di Taman Budaya ini. Konsep neo vernakuler dipilih agar nilai kelokalan arsitektur Taman Budaya dapat menjadi ikon atau identitas Kabupaten Landak. Hasil perancangannya adalah Taman Budaya yang mampu memfasilitasi kegiatan seni dan budaya di Kabupaten Landak, sekaligus menjadi ikon pewadahan kegiatan seni dan budaya khususnya adat Dayak.
Kualitas Akustik Ruang Utama Masjid Siti Aisyah Surakarta
Authors: Dewi Nur Utami Isyana , Syamsiyah Nur Rahmawati
Published: March 2020

Masjid sebagai bangunan ibadah umat Islam dituntut untuk nyaman. Salah satu kenyamanan adalah terhadap aspek suara seperti tingkat kebisingan rendah, distribusi bunyi merata serta kenyamanan terhadap pengguna ruang. Fokus penelitian ini adalah menganalisis tingkat tekanan bunyi, kinerja elemen serta evaluasi subjektif kenyamanan bunyi oleh pengguna ruang utama Masjid Siti Aisyah Surakarta. Penelitian menggunakan pengukuran tingkat tekanan bunyi dan analisis pemetaan bunyi dalam ruang serta persepsi keruangan dari pengguna melalui kuesioner secara online. Pengukuran tingkat tekanan bunyi menggunakan Sound Level Meter dan pemetaan bunyi menggunakan aplikasi Surfer 11. Hasil pengukuran bahwa intensitas bunyi ruang rata-rata yaitu sebesar 53.30 dBA saat ruang dalam kondisi sedikit aktivitas serta 70.45 dBA pada saat ruang dalam kondisi ada aktivitas kajian agama. Hasil pemetaan saat ruang sedikit aktivitas adalah bunyi terdistribusi merata, namun saat ruang digunakan untuk kajian, terjadi interferensi gelombang berupa penguatan bunyi, yang menyebabkan kebisingan. Hasil kuesioner menunjukkan bahwa pengguna Masjid Siti Aisyah tidak terganggu dengan kebisingan, baik bising yang bersumber dari dalam bangunan maupun dari luar bangunan, karena pengguna masjid sudah mempersiapkan diri dengan niat untuk beribadah sehingga dapat beradaptasi dengan keadaan di ruang utama masjid Siti Aisyah.
Perilaku Masyarakat pada Ruang Terbuka Publik di Kampung Kebangsren Surabaya
Authors: Ghifari M. Nu’man Al , Firdausan Syam Zaki
Published: March 2020

Kampung Kebangsren adalah perkampungan yang terletak di tengah kota Surabaya, yang dikelilingi oleh kawasan perkantoran, pusat perbelanjaan dan kawasan perhotelan. Kawasan Kampung Kebangsren tumbuh semakin padat, sehingga ruang terbuka semakin berkurang luasnya. Padahal keberadaan ruang terbuka sangat dibutuhkan untuk menunjang aktivitas dengan skala yang besar guna memenuhi kebutuhan bersama warga kampung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola pemanfaatan ruang terbuka dan faktor-faktor pembentuk ruang terbuka di kawasan Kampung Kebangsren. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Behavioural Mapping, dengan melakkan survei lokasi dan mendokumentasikan pola kehidupan masyarakat Kampung Kebangsren untuk kemudian dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah bahwa Kampung Kebangsren memiliki hubungan bermasyarakat yang erat, sehingga keterbatasan lahan tidak menjadi masalah utama, dimana masyarakat Kampung Kebangsren tetap mampu mengelola lahan yang sedemikian rupa menjadi sebuah ruang terbuka yang optimal dengan cara-cara yang cerdas.
Karakteristik Visual Bangunan Pasca Kerusuhan Mei 98 sebagai Pembentuk Wajah Kota Surakarta
Authors: Wicaksono Bangkit Adhi , Astuti Dyah Widi
Published: March 2020

Era pergantian Orde Baru menuju Era Reformasi yang terjadi di Indonesia menyebabkan berbagai kerusuhan. Surakarta merupakan salah satu kota yang mengalami kerusuhan. Banyak massa yang melakukan aksi kerusuhan yang berdampak pada kerusakan bangunan di Kota Surakarta. Banyak kerugian yang terjadi. Pasca kerusuhan bangunan mulai direnovasi, namun hal ini mengakibatkan tampilan visual bangunan telah berubah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari perbedaan visual sebelum dan sesudah kerusuhan, faktor pengaruhnya, dan pengaruh perubahan terhadap wajah Kota Surakarta. Metode yang dipilih adalah metode komparasi dengan membandingkan data tahun 1998 dengan 2019. Terdapat tujuh sampel bangunan yang dianggap mewakili citra tampilan wajah Kota Surakarta. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan indikator yang berubah dari ketujuh sampel bangunan tersebut yaitu : garis, bentuk, dan irama. Faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan tersebut adalah rasa keamanan yang kurang sehingga mengakibatkan para penduduk merenovasi bangunan yang rusak. Keadaan ini mengakibatkan perubahan fasad bangunan menjadi lebih tertutup, kuat, dan aman. Hal ini mempengaruhi tampilan bangunan sehingga memicu terbentuknya wajah Kota Surakarta yang kaku dan kokoh.
Identifikasi Kelengkapan Sarana dan Prasarana Pariwisata di Kebun Teh Jamus Kabupaten Ngawi
Authors: Istiqomah Lynda , Priyatmono Alpha Fabela
Published: March 2020

Wisata Kebun Teh Jamus merupakan wisata pegunungan yang terletak di Kecamatan Sine Kabupaten Ngawi. Kebun Teh Jamus merupakan wisata yang ramai pengunjung terutama di musim liburan. Kelengkapan sarana dan prasarana dalam sebuah wisata sangat diperlukan untuk menunjang kenyamanan pengunjung, namun sarana dan prasarana di kawasan wisata tersebut kurang memadai sehingga perlu ditinjau ulang mengenai kelengkapannya. Metode yang digunakan yakni metode kualitatif dengan teknik studi literatur yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh referensi dan gambaran umum mengenai sarana prasana dalam wisata. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kelengkapan sarana dan prasarana wisata Kebun Teh Jamus Kabupaten Ngawi teridentifikasi lengkap dan layak. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan mampu menjadi acuan untuk pengembangan wisata di daerah tersebut.
Literatura de revolución y literatura revolucionaria: dos novelas cortas
Authors: Enríquez Hernández Gabriel M.
Published: March 2020

El presente trabajo aborda dos novelas cortas de los años treinta en México. Por una parte, muestra el carácter híbrido, en el caso de la novela Las manos de mamá, de Nellie Campobello; por la otra, describe el recurso de la metáfora narrativa que Torres Bodet emplea en Proserpina rescatada, mecanismo que proviene de Marcel Proust y que se distancia de los comúnmente asociados con la novela lírica.
Nadie los vio salir de Eduardo Antonio Parra: la novela corta de un cuentista
Authors: Velasco Raquel
Published: March 2020

Desde la recuperación de una serie de constantes temáticas que se fusionan en la constitución del límite entre México y Estados Unidos, este ensayo se detiene en el análisis de la novela corta Nadie los vio salir (2001) de Eduardo Antonio Parra, para establecer algunas de las pugnas fronterizas insertas en este relato, donde puede apreciarse con claridad la influencia que ha ejercido en este autor, como en otros escritores de su generación, la obra de Juan Rulfo. Paralelamente, a partir de la noción de mythos, específicamente de la unidad conformada por Eros y Tánatos, las siguientes páginas intentan plantear un vínculo con el discurso histórico-filosófico, que subterráneamente aparece revelado en la factura de esta brevísima novela corta.
El rapto de Francisco Ayala y sus trasvases literarios
Authors: Mendoza Vera Sandra
Published: March 2020

Este artículo analiza la historia editorial vivida por El rapto, novela corta de Francisco Ayala que, desde que se publicó en España en 1965 de forma independiente, ha aparecido reunida junto a otras novelas cortas y cuentos en diferentes recopilaciones. Además de trazar sus trasvases literarios, analizaremos qué tipo de volumen es De raptos, violaciones y otras inconveniencias, primera recopilación en que se incluyó esta obra ayaliana, y elaboraremos una breve comparación entre esta novela corta y los cuentos aquí reunidos para poner de relieve los aspectos que tienen en común.
Fabla modernista en Fabla salvaje de César Vallejo
Authors: Hopkins Rodríguez Eduardo
Published: March 2020

Se estudia la novela corta Fabla salvaje (1923) de César Vallejo, proponiendo una interpretación del concepto de fabla vinculada a relato, a una visión fatalista de la naturaleza y al estilo del narrador en sus relaciones con el modernismo hispanoamericano.
Educational motivation of the senior students of Dental faculty
Authors: Lampusova V. B. , Orekhova L. Yu. , Shalamay L. I.
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The question of learning motivation turns out to be the leading one in psychology of study. The content and structure of motivation form a certain motivational level of a student as well as the degree of his educational activity. During the years of study at the university, the correlation of motives changes, influencing the academic progress of the students.

The objective of our study was to investigate the motivation peculiarities of educational activity in 4th year-students of the Faculty of Dentistry.

Methods and materials. Forty-eight 4th year – students of the Faculty of Dentistry were analyzed for the structure of their motivation to study. The techniques and methods used in the study were «Studying the motives of students` learning activities» by A. A. Rean and V. A. Yakunin, «Motivation for university education» by T. I. Ilyina, «Motivation for success» and «Motivation to avoid failures» by T. Ehlers.

Results. The learning activity of dental students is supported by many motives. The strongest leading motives are professional, educational, and cognitive motives as well as motivation for obtaining a diploma. The motivational sphere of students embraces both external and internal motives that do not depend on external stimuli. The students are equally aimed at gaining knowledge and mastering the profession. In the sphere of motivation, the students have both motivations for achieving success, and the motives for avoiding failures. The methods of forming positive learning motivation in the classes of 4-year dentistry students are given.

Conclusion. The educational activity of dental students is supported by professional, educational, cognitive, and pragmatic motives. The structure of motivation includes both external and internal motives that give it stability. Students are satisfied with their chosen profession, and their educational activities are not compelled. The dental students have motivations for archiving success and the motives for avoiding failures, expressed to a greater extend. It must be taken into account in motivational support.

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

The authors confirm that they respect the rights of the people participated in the study, including obtaining informed consent when it is necessary, and the rules of treatment of animals when they are used in the study. Author Guidelines contains the detailed information.
Tatung Sebagai Budaya Masyarakat Tionghoa (Studi Komunikasi Ritual Tatung di Singkawang)
Authors: Suryadi Fitria Ferliana , Azeharie Suzy S.
Published: March 2020

This research is titled Tatung as a Cultural Part of the Chinese Community (Tatung Ritual Communication Study in Singkawang). The purpose of this study is  to determine Tatung which is considered by the Chinese community in Singkawang, as a culture and to know the ritual communication carried out by Tatung in Singkawang. Tatung is a person who is possessed by the spirit of Dewa to help the Chinese community in Singkawang who are in need, such as asking about their wedding date, health, career and future. This thesis uses ethnographic methods to describe and discover the hidden knowledge of a culture or community. This thesis uses descriptive qualitative methods. Research Data obtained from non participant observation on Tatung in Singkawang, semi-structured interview with one Key informant and three additional informant in Singkawang, library study and document study. The theory used in the study was the ritual communication of Eric W. Rothenbuhler stating that ritual communication is part of the use of symbols. Rituals are always identical to habits or routines. Ritual as a hereditary action, formal action and containing transcedental values. The conclusion of this research is Tatung is a cultural part of Singkawang because the Chinese people in Singkawang strongly believe in Tatung from generation to generation and the majority of Chinese in Singkawang Confucian religion. Penelitian ini mengangkat Tatung sebagai bagian dari budaya masyarakat Tionghoa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Tatung yang dianggap oleh masyarakat Tionghoa di Singkawang sebagai budaya dan komunikasi ritual yang dilakukan oleh Tatung di Singkawang. Tatung merupakan orang yang dirasuki oleh roh dewa untuk membantu masyarakat Tionghoa yang membutuhkan, seperti menanyakan tanggal pernikahan, kesehatan, karir dan masa depan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi untuk mendeskripsikan dan menemukan pengetahuan tersembunyi suatu budaya atau komunitas. Data penelitian diperoleh dari observasi non partisipan pada Tatung di Singkawang, wawancara semi terstruktur dengan satu key informan dan tiga informan tambahan di Singkawang, studi pustaka dan studi dokumen. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah komunikasi ritual dari Eric W. Rothenbuhler yang menyatakan bahwa komunikasi ritual merupakan bagian dari pemaknaan simbol. Ritual selalu identik dengan kebiasaan atau rutinitas. Ritual sebagai suatu aksi turun-temurun, aksi formal dan mengandung nilai-nilai transendental. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Tatung merupakan bagian budaya di Singkawang karena masyarakat Tionghoa di Singkawang sangat percaya terhadap Tatung dari generasi ke generasi dan mayoritas Tionghoa di Singkawang beragama Konghucu.
Detox Instagram Pada Self-Esteem Pengguna
Authors: Harsono Lisa , Winduwati Septia
Published: March 2020

Instagram is a platform that presents the self-image of someone. When users find out that using Instagram was toxic to their self-esteem, they decided to detox instagram by stopping using Instagram. This research’s purpose is to know the self-esteem’s user when doing detox Instagram. This research is based on self-concept theory, self-esteem theory, social media theory, Instagram theory, and the detox instagram phenomenon theory. This research is using a qualitative approach with a study case method for college students that stop using Instagram. Collecting data is done by deep interviews. The result in this research shows that when informants doing detox instagram, they appreciate themself, focus on upgrading their potential, and stop comparing their life to each other. Instagram merupakan platform yang menyajikan citra diri individu. Ketika penggunanya merasakan penggunaan Instagram menjadi toxic bagi self-esteem, maka pengguna memutuskan untuk melakukan deleting toxic (detox) Instagram dengan cara berhenti bermain Instagram. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui self-esteem pengguna ketika melakukan detox Instagram. Penelitian ini berlandaskan pada konsep diri, self-esteem, media sosial, Instagram dan fenomena detox Instagram. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus pada mahasiswa yang berhenti bermain Instagram. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ketika informan melakukan detox Instagram, para informan merasa lebih menghargai diri sendiri, fokus kepada potensi yang dimilikinya, dan berhenti membanding-bandingkan diri dengan sesamanya.
Photochemistry of 2-Oxoacetates: from Mechanistic Insights to Profragrances and Bursting Capsules
Authors: Herrmann Andreas
Published: March 2020

Photoirradiation of 2-oxoacetates (?-ketoesters) with UV-A light proceeds via an intramolecular hydrogen abstraction of the triplet state in a Norrish type II pathway to form carbonyl compounds, carbon monoxide and/or dioxide, and a series of other side products. This review
gives a detailed overview of the mechanistic aspects of photooxidation by explaining the pathways that yield the major products formed in the presence or absence of oxygen. Furthermore, it demonstrates how the photoreaction can be used for the light-induced controlled release of fragrances
from non-polymeric profragrances, polymer conjugates and core-shell microcapsules in applications of functional perfumery. In the case of microcapsules, the gas formation accompanying the Norrish type II fragmentation can generate an overpressure that expands or cleaves the capsule wall to
release fragrances and thus provides access to multi-stimuli responsive delivery systems.
Hybrid Flow Batteries Based on Ink Cartridges with Spectacular Colour Changes
Authors: Novotny Jana , Quarthal Dominik , Oetken Marco
Published: March 2020

The following article shows how a simple construction of a hybrid flow battery can be realised with medical technology materials. The implementation of this future-oriented topic is an example of a curricular innovation and should already be included in school curricula, since future
generations will have to deal intensively with the energy transition (not only in Germany) and renewable energies. An electrolyte based on ink cartridges was used to motivate the pupils. The use of this 'everyday chemical' creates a real life reference for the students in the classroom, which
can increase the popularity of chemistry teaching.
Vapour Pressure Isotope Eﬀect on Evaporation from Pure Organic Phases - a PIMD Approach
Authors: Vasquez Luis , Dybala-Defratyka Agnieszka
Published: March 2020

Very often in order to understand physical and chemical processes taking place among several phases fractionation of naturally abundant isotopes is monitored. Its measurement can be accompanied by theoretical determination to provide a more insightful interpretation of observed phenomena. Predictions are challenging due to the complexity of the effects involved in fractionation such as solvent effects and non-covalent interactions governing the behavior of the system which results in the necessity of using large models of those systems. This is sometimes a bottleneck and limits the theoretical description to only a few methods.

In this work vapour pressure isotope effects on evaporation from various organic solvents (ethanol, bromobenzene, dibromomethane, and trichloromethane) in the pure phase are estimated by combining force field or self-consistent charge density-functional tight-binding (SCC-DFTB) atomistic simulations with path integral principle. Furthermore, the recently developed Suzuki-Chin path integral is tested. In general, isotope effects are predicted qualitatively for most of the cases, however, the distinction between position-specific isotope effects observed for ethanol was only reproduced by SCC-DFTB, which indicates the importance of using non-harmonic bond approximations.

Energy decomposition analysis performed using the symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) revealed sometimes quite substantial differences in interaction energy depending on whether the studied system was treated classically or quantum mechanically. Those observed differences might be the source of different magnitudes of isotope effects predicted using these two different levels of theory which is of special importance for the systems governed by non-covalent interactions.
Chiral Cyclic [n]Spirobifluorenylenes: Carbon Nanorings Consisting of Helically Arranged Quaterphenyl Rods Illustrating Partial Units of Woven Patterns
Authors: Zhu, Kaige , Kamochi Kosuke , Kodama Takuya , Tobisu Mamoru , Amaya Toru
Published: March 2020

Chiral cyclic [n]spirobifluorenylenes consisting of helically arranged quaterphenyl rods, illustrating partial units of woven patterns, were designed and synthesized as a new family of carbon nanorings. The synthesis was accomplished by the Ni(0)-mediated Yamamoto-coupling of chiral spirobifluorene building blocks. The structures of the cyclic 3- and 4-mers were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. These carbon nanorings exhibited a strong violet colored emission with high quantum yields in solution (95%, 93%, and 94% for 3-, 4-, and 5-mer, respectively). Other spectroscopic properties, including their chiroptical properties, were also investigated. The gvalues for circularly polarized luminescence were found to be in the order of 10-3, where that of the 4-mer showed a relatively higher value 8.5 x 10-3. Characteristic spiroconjugation induced by multiple (≧ 3) bifluorenyl units, for example the even-odd effect of the number of units in the matching of the sign of the orbitals, were also revealed by DFT calculations.
An Alternate Energy-Conserved Pathway for the Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) Reaction
Authors: Yadav Veejendra
Published: March 2020

An new overall lower energy pathway for the amine-catalysed Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction is proposed from computations at the M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level. The pathway involves proton-transfer from the ammonium ion to the alkoxide formed from the aldol reaction through a seven-membered ring transition state (TS) structure followed by highly exothermic Hofmann elimination through a five-membered ring TS structure to form the product and also release the catalyst to carry on with the process all over again.
Selenomethionine as an Expressible Handle for Bioconjugations
Authors: Flood Dillon T. , Hintzen Jordi C.J. , Lu Chenxi , Cistrone Philip A. , Chen Jason , Otomo Takanori , Dawson Philip
Published: March 2020

Site-selective chemical protein ligation reactions are enabling tools for chemical biology. Herein, we employ a physical organic study to refine the selenomethionine (SeM) benzylation as a practical protein bioconjugation strategy. SeM is readily introduced through auxotrophic expression and exhibits unique nucleophilic properties that allow it to be selectively modified even in the presence of cysteine. The resulting benzylselenonium adduct is stable at physiological pH, selectively labile to glutathione and embodies a broadly tuneable reactivity profile. Guided by a mechanistic analysis of the reaction, a 4-bromomethylphenylacetyl linker is identified for efficient conjugations of complex organic molecules to SeM containing proteins. This optimized benzyl linker exhibits a rate constant of 3x10-1 M-1s-1, facilitating efficient conjugation at micromolar concentrations. The selenonium conjugate is further advanced through a linker that can be selectively photo-locked or reductively cleaved on demand. This tool-kit of selenonium forming reagents have broad potential in the development of chemically enhanced proteins.
Thioester Synthesis by Geoelectrochemical CO2 Fixation on Ni Sulfides
Authors: Kitadai Norio , Nakamura Ruhei , Yamamoto Masahiro , Okada Satoshi , Takahagi Wataru , Nakano Yuko , Takahashi Yoshio , Takai Ken , Oono Yoshi
Published: March 2020

Thioester synthesis via CO2 fixation by CO dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthase is among the most ancient autotrophic metabolism often suggested to have a prebiotic root. Here we demonstrate that, under an electrochemical condition realizable in early ocean hydrothermal systems, nickel sulfide (NiS) gradually reduces to Ni0, thereby drastically enhancing its capability of driving nonenzymatic CO2 fixation. It catalyzes CO2 electroreduction to CO, concentrates CO on the surface Ni0 sites, and promotes CO condensation to a thioester in the presence of methanethiol. Even greater CO-to-thioester reaction efficiency is realized with NiS coprecipitating with FeS or CoS. Considering the central role of Ni in the enzymatic process mentioned above, our demonstrated thioester synthesis by the partially electroreduced NiS could have a direct implication to the autotrophic origin of life.
Clinical trials on drug repositioning for COVID-19 treatment
Authors: Rosa Sandro G. Viveiros , Santos Wilson C.
Published: March 2020

The World Health Organization (WHO) was informed on December 2019 about a coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan, Hubei province (China). Subsequently, on March 12, 2020, 125,048 cases and 4,614 deaths were reported. Coronavirus is an enveloped RNA virus, from the genusBetacoronavirus, that is distributed in birds, humans, and other mammals. WHO has named the novel coronavirus disease as COVID-19. More than 80 clinical trials have been launched to test coronavirus treatment, including some drug repurposing or repositioning for COVID-19. Hence, we performed a search in March 2020 of the clinicaltrials.gov database. The eligibility criteria for the retrieved studies were: contain a clinicaltrials.gov base identifier number; describe the number of participants and the period for the study; describe the participants’ clinical conditions; and utilize interventions with medicines already studied or approved for any other disease in patients infected with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). It is essential to emphasize that this article only captured trials listed in the clinicaltrials.gov database. We identified 24 clinical trials, involving more than 20 medicines, such as human immunoglobulin, interferons, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, arbidol, remdesivir, favipiravir, lopinavir, ritonavir, oseltamivir, methylprednisolone, bevacizumab, and traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). Although drug repurposing has some limitations, repositioning clinical trials may represent an attractive strategy because they facilitate the discovery of new classes of medicines; they have lower costs and take less time to reach the market; and there are existing pharmaceutical supply chains for formulation and distribution.