bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of concomitant intravaginal laser treatment in patients undergoing mesh excision due to vaginal exposure or extrusion
Authors: SARIKAYA Kubilay , ŞENOCAK Çağri , İBİŞ Muhammed Arif , SADİOĞLU Fahri Erkan , ÇİFTÇİ Mehmet , BOZKURT Ömer Faruk
Published: January 2022

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of intravaginal laser therapy applied concurrently with mesh excision for the treatment of vaginal polypropylene mesh exposure or extrusion, which is the most common complication after transobturator tape (TOT), on the recurrence of incontinence.

Material and Method: The data of 49 patients who underwent mesh excision due to vaginal mesh exposure or extrusion in our clinic between January 2009 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups as simultaneous intravaginal laser therapy during the mesh excision (EL, n=23) and only mesh excision (EO, n=26). Data of the patients and long-term stress urinary incontinence (SUI) recurrence rates were determined and the groups were compared.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.4±9.9 years and the mean follow-up period was 33.3±22.1 months. SUI recurrence in 1-h pad test was significantly lower in the EL group than the EO group at the 12 th month evaluation (8.7% vs 34.6% p=0.030 respectively). According to multivariate regression analysis operation type was an independent risk factor for SUI recurrence (p=0.021). However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of postoperative incontinence quality of life questionnaire (I-QOL) scores (p=0.082).

Conclusion: Concomitant laser treatment applied with the mesh excision for the treatment of vaginal meshexposure or extrusion secondary to TOT surgery provides a significant advantage in preventing the recurrence of SUI.
Childhood renal tumors: surgical treatment and results
Authors: ÖZTORUN Can İhsan , BOSTANCI Süleyman Arif , ERTÜRK Ahmet , DEMİRTAŞ Gökhan , GÜNEY Doğuş , DEMİR Sabri , ERTEN Elif Emel , ÖZYÖRÜK Derya , KESKİN Gülsen , AZILI Müjdem , AKBIYIK Fatih , KARABULUT Bilge , TİRYAKİ Tuğrul , ŞENEL Emrah
Published: January 2022

Aim: Renal tumors in children are rare. Wilms’ tumor (WT) is the most common renal tumor in childhood. The aim of this study is to investigate the data on the demographic factors, treatment, and follow-up results of pediatric patients who were operated on for renal tumors and determine the factors affecting mortality.

Material and Method: Patients who were operated for renal tumor in our clinic in 2005-2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Age at diagnosis, gender, complaint, localization of the involved kidney, additional anomalies, tumor size, tru-cut biopsy performed, tumor stage, distant metastasis, applied treatments, pathology, treatment complications, and follow-up period were examined.

Results: Of the 47 patients, 25 were female and 22 were male. The mean age was 45.46 (2–204) months. The tumor was located in the right in 21 cases, left in 23 cases and bilateral in three cases. The mean length of the tumor was 11.73 cm. At the time of diagnosis, there was metastasis in 15 cases (31.9%). While metastasis were the most common seen in lung (24.3%), bone-cell metastases were seen in clear cell carcinoma (33.3%) and brain metastases were seen in rhabdoid tumor (50%). Tru-cut biopsy was performed in 15 (31.9%) cases and biopsy was diagnostic in ten cases. Histopathologically, 41 cases had WT (87.23%), three cases were clear cell carcinoma (6.3%), two cases had anaplasia rhabdoid tumor (4.2%), and one case had metanephric adenoma. Relaps occured in nine cases (19.14%) during the follow-up period. Histopathologically, one case was a clear cell carcinoma, one case was a rhabdoid tumor, and seven cases were unilateral WT. The survival rate of our series was 89,4%.

Conclusion: The most common renal tumor in childhood was WT. Surgery have no effect on survival; the most important survival factors were detecting the existence of rhabdoid tumors and anaplasia histopathologically. Therefore, during the follow-up and treatment of renal tumors in childhood, pathological examination should be of primary importance and followed up with the pediatric oncologists.
Is laparoscopic ventral rectopexy a good treatment option for rectal prolapse?
Authors: AKIN Tezcan , ER Sadettin , BERKEM Hüseyin , ÇETİNKAYA Erdinç , GENCER Elif Nur , GÜNEŞ Gizem , AŞLAR Ahmet Keşşaf , YÜKSEL Bülent Cavit
Published: January 2022

Aim: Laparoscopic ventral rectopexy (LVR) is one of the most commonly performed procedures in the treatment of rectal prolapse (RP). This study aimed to evaluate postoperative changes in the incontinence status and short-term functional outcomes of patients with RP who underwent LVR.

Material and Method: This study included 15 patients who underwent LRV with the diagnosis of RP between January 2017 and June 2021 at Health Sciences University Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital and Ankara City Hospital. Data were obtained by retrospectively examining the electronic records of the patients. The Wexner incontinence score (WIS) was calculated preoperatively and postoperatively by contacting the patients by phone at six months after the operation. In addition, the constipation status of the patients and whether they had recurrence of RP were questioned.

Results: The mean age of the 15 patients included in the study was 55 (range, 30-81) years. Twelve (80%) patients were female and three (20%) were male. When the preoperative and postoperative WISs of the patients were compared, the latter was statistically significantly lower than the former (p=0.002). Among the 10 (66.7%) patients who had constipation in the preoperative period, this complaint was resolved in four (40%), but new-onset constipation was detected in two (40%) of the five (33.3%) patients without preoperative constipation. The recurrence of RP was observed in only one (6.7%) patient in the postoperative follow-up.

Conclusion: Considering the short-term outcomes in the patients who underwent LRV for RP, it can be concluded that LVR is a good option in this patient group, with a low recurrence rate and satisfactory improvement in incontinence.
Comparing Preaching in Acts and Contemporary Preaching in Kumasi-Ghana
Authors: Baffour-Awuah Godfred , Kuwornu-Adjaottor Jonathan E.T. , Yankyera Patrick
Published: January 2022

Kumasi is saturated with preachers preaching all manner of messages. The media space, along major streets, the church space, as well as the market centres have all witnessed an insurgence of many different preachers. The preaching of the Gospel occupies a major place in the Christian church. Both Jesus and the Apostles as revealed in scripture made preaching and teaching an important part of their ministries. This paper examines the nature of Christian preaching in contemporary times in the city of Kumasi, Ghana. The nature of contemporary preaching is compared to that of preaching in the Book of Acts. Qualitative data was gathered through the preacher’s visits to six churches; sixty listeners and 22 preachers were interviewed in Kumasi. One of the major findings was that some preachers in the city of Kumasi today have turned the preaching of the gospel into a business venture. This study advocates the urgent need to guide preaching in the world today with a biblical motif. Sound biblical preaching is significant for the advancement of the Christian faith. It recommends that preaching must result in societal transformation so contemporary preachers must prioritize relating sermons that shoot down the growing ills in the Ghanaian society. The study adds to knowledge in biblical preaching and brings to bear how useful the guiding mirror of scripture could protect contemporary Christian ministry from destructive messages.

Keywords: Contemporary Preaching, Book of Acts, Christian Ministry.
Root Initiation in Aerial Offshoots of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) by Exogenous Application of Auxins
Authors: Tayyab Muhammad , Ahmad Saeed , Abbas Malik Mohsin , Khan Muhammad Ikhlaq , Aslam Komal , Nasir Maryam , Faiz Hira
Published: January 2022

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is commercially propagated through offshoots. Along with this rooted offshoot the tree also produces aerial offshoots, which are rootless and die after plantation. In this study attempts have been made to evaluate the effect of auxins on the root initiation of the aerial offshoots of date palm cv. Hillawi. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of IAA (500 ppm), NAA (500 ppm), alone and in combination on root initiation in aerial offshoots of date palm cv. Hillawi. The auxins were applied to the aerial shoots by injection method. The experiment was laid out according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments (Control, 500pmm IAA, 500ppm NAA and 500ppm IAA+NAA) and each treatment was replicated thrice. Injection method was used to apply the hormones and after the application of auxins the base of each offshoot was wrapped carefully with gunny bags having pinewood shaving as rooting media. After 40 days of supplication, offshoots were detached, and parameters were collected. Data indicated that NAA @ 500ppm gave highest rooting percentage (24.5%), total number of roots per offshoot (82.33) and total weight of roots per offshoots (607.4g) as compared to other treatments. Similarly, a greater number of smaller roots (dia<0.5cm) was also achieved in offshoots treated with 500ppm NAA. Hence, it may be concluded that root initiation was remarkable in NAA alone and in combination with IAA at 500ppm concentration in comparison to other treatments.
Kepler Bonus: Aperture Photometry Light Curves of EXBA Sources
Authors: Martínez-Palomera Jorge , Hedges Christina , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Barentsen Geert , Dotson Jessie
Published: January 2022

NASA’s Kepler mission observed background regions across its field of view for more than 3 consecutive yr using custom designed superapertures (EXBA masks). Since these apertures were designed to capture a region of the sky rather than single targets, the Kepler Science Data Processing Pipeline produced target pixel files but did not produce light curves for the sources within these background regions. In this work, we produce light curves for 9327 sources observed in the EXBA masks. These light curves are generated using aperture photometry estimated from the instrument’s pixel response function (PRF) profile computed from Kepler's full-frame images. The PRF models enable the creation of apertures that follow the characteristic shapes of the point-spread function in the image and the computation of flux completeness and contamination metrics. The light curves are available at MAST as a high-level science product (kbonus-apexba). Alongside this data set, we present kepler-apertures, a Python library to compute PRF models and use them to perform aperture photometry on Kepler-like data. Using light curves from the EXBA masks, we found an exoplanet candidate around Gaia EDR3 2077240046296834304 consistent with a large planet companion with a 0.81 R
J radius. Additionally, we report a catalog of 69 eclipsing binaries. We encourage the community to exploit this new data set to perform in-depth time domain analysis, such as eclipsing binaries demographics and other types of studies.
A New Look at the HS Hydrae System
Authors: Vokrouhlický David , Zasche Petr
Published: January 2022

A growing group of stellar triple systems contains an eclipsing binary for which the depth of eclipses has been proven to change in time, a sign of evolving orbital inclination. The recent analysis of historical observations of HS Hya significantly extended the timespan over which the inclination changes are known for this system. Here we add a few more observations and reanalyze the whole data set with a single methodology. We also improve our own analytical approach to enable describing the secular evolution of the orbital architecture of hierarchical triple systems applicable to the HS Hya case. Analyzing the available photometric and spectroscopic data we obtain two main results. First, the dynamical evolution itself allows to constrain the masses of the stars in the inner binary to 1.31 ± 0.03 M
⊙ and 1.27 ± 0.03 M
⊙, and the mass of the unseen third component to

0.56

−
0.09

+
0.12

M

⊙

(all 95% confidence level results). This makes it an M- or K-type dwarf accompanying the binary. Second, the orbital planes of the inner binary and the third component are significantly noncoplanar, allowing two solutions for their mutual angle J. Either the motion of the third component is prograde, and J is most likely in the 50°–65° range, or the motion is retrograde, and J is most likely in the 120°–150° range. The precession period of both orbital planes about the total angular angular momentum is ∼700 yr (with about two centuries of uncertainty). This implies HS Hya will become eclipsing again around the year 2200.
Analytic Integral Solutions for Induced Gravitational Waves
Authors: Gong Jinn-Ouk
Published: January 2022

We present analytic integral solutions for the second-order induced gravitational waves (GWs). After presenting all the possible second-order source terms, we calculate explicitly the solutions for the GWs induced by the linear scalar and tensor perturbations during matter- and radiation-dominated epochs.
AstroSat View of Spectral Transition in the Changing-look Active Galaxy NGC 1566 during the Declining Phase of the 2018 Outburst
Authors: Tripathi Prakash , Dewangan Gulab C.
Published: January 2022

NGC 1566 is a changing-look active galaxy that exhibited an outburst during 2017–2018 with a peak in 2018 June. We triggered AstroSat observations of NGC 1566 twice in 2018 August and October during its declining phase. Using the AstroSat observations, along with two XMM-Newton observations in 2015 (pre-outburst) and 2018 June (peak outburst), we found that the X-ray power law, the soft X-ray excess, and the disk components showed extreme variability during the outburst. Especially, the soft excess was negligible in 2015 before the outburst, increased to a maximum level by a factor of >200 in 2018 June, and reduced dramatically by a factor of ∼7.4 in 2018 August and became undetectable in 2018 October. The Eddington fraction (L/L
Edd) increased from ∼0.1% (2015) to ∼5% (2018 June) and then decreased to ∼1.5% (2018 August) and 0.3% (2018 October). Thus, NGC 1566 made a spectral transition from a high soft-excess state to a negligible soft-excess state at a few percent of the Eddington rate. The soft excess is consistent with warm Comptonization in the inner disk that appears to have developed during the outburst and disappeared toward the end of the outburst over a timescale comparable to the sound-crossing time. The multiwavelength spectral evolution of NGC 1566 during the outburst is most likely caused by the radiation pressure instability in the inner regions of the accretion disk in NGC 1566.
Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. II. Impact of the Nuclear Equation of State
Authors: Nakazato Ken’ichiro , Nakanishi Fumi , Harada Masayuki , Koshio Yusuke , Suwa Yudai , Sumiyoshi Kohsuke , Harada Akira , Mori Masamitsu , Wendell Roger A.
Published: January 2022

The late-time evolution of the neutrino event rate from supernovae is evaluated for Super-Kamiokande using simulated results of proto-neutron star (PNS) cooling. In the present work, we extend the result of Suwa et al., who studied the dependence of the neutrino event rate on the PNS mass, but focus on the impact of the nuclear equation of state (EOS). We find that the neutrino event rate depends on both the high-density and low-density EOS, where the former determines the radius of the PNS and the latter affects its surface temperature. Based on the present evaluation of the neutrino event rate, we propose a new analysis method to extract the time variability of the neutrino average energy taking into account the statistical error in the observation.
The Estimation of Fundamental Physics Parameters for Fermi-LAT Blazars
Authors: Pei Zhiyuan , Fan Junhui , Yang Jianghe , Huang Danyi , Li Ziyan
Published: January 2022

Aiming to delineate the physical framework of blazars, we present an effective method to estimate four important parameters based on the idea proposed by Becker & Kafatos, including the upper limit of central black hole mass M, the Doppler factor δ, the distance along the axis to the site of the γ-ray production d (which then can be transformed into the location of γ-ray-emitting region R

γ
) and the propagation angle with respect to the axis of the accretion disk Φ. To do so, we adopt an identical sample with 809 Fermi-LAT-detected blazars which had been compiled in Pei et al. These four derived parameters stepping onto the stage may shed new light on our knowledge regarding γ-ray blazars. With regard to the paper of Becker & Kafatos, we obtain several new perspectives, mainly in (1) putting forward an updated demarcation between BL Lacs and FSRQs based on the relation between broad-line region luminosity and disk luminosity both measured in Eddington units, i.e., L
disk/L
Edd = 4.68 × 10−3, indicating that there are some differences between BL Lacs and FSRQs on the accretion power in the disk; (2) proposing that there is a so-called “appareling zone,” a potential transition field between BL Lacs and FSRQs where the changing-look blazars perhaps reside; (3) the location of γ-ray emission region is principally constrained outside the broad-line region, and for some BL Lacs are also away from the dusty molecular torus, which means the importance of emission components in the jet.
Spontaneous Generated Convective Anticyclones at Low Latitude—A Model for the Great Red Spot
Authors: Cai Tao , Chan Kwing L. , Chow Kim-Chiu
Published: January 2022

The Great Red Spot (GRS) at about latitude 22° S of Jupiter has been observed for hundreds of years, yet the driving mechanism of the formation of this giant anticyclone still remains unclear. Two scenarios were proposed to explain its formation. One is a shallow model suggesting that it might be a weather feature formed through a merging process of small shallow storms generated by moist convection, while the other is a deep model suggesting that it might be a deeply rooted anticyclone powered by the internal heat of Jupiter. In this work, we present numerical simulations showing that the GRS could be naturally generated in a deep rotating turbulent flow and can survive for a long time, when the convective Rossby number is smaller than a certain critical value. From this critical value, we predict that the Great Red Spot extends to at least about 500 km deep into the Jovian atmosphere. Our results demonstrate that the Great Red Spot is likely to be a feature deep-seated in the Jovian atmosphere.
The Unusually Weak and Exceptionally Steep Radio Relic in A2108
Authors: Schellenberger Gerrit , Giacintucci Simona , Lovisari Lorenzo , O’Sullivan Ewan , Vrtilek Jan , David Laurence P. , Melin Jean-Baptiste , Lal Dharam Vir , Ettori Stefano , Kolokythas Konstantinos , Sereno Mauro , Raychaudhury Somak
Published: January 2022

Mergers between galaxy clusters often drive shocks into the intracluster medium, the effects of which are sometimes visible via temperature and density jumps in the X-ray and via radio emission from relativistic particles energized by the shock’s passage. A2108 was selected as a likely merger system through comparing the X-ray luminosity to the Planck Sunyaev–Zeldovich signal, where this cluster appeared highly X-ray underluminous. Follow-up observations confirmed it to be a merging low-mass cluster featuring two distinct subclusters, both with a highly disturbed X-ray morphology. Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) data in bands 2, 3, & 4 (covering 120–750 MHz) show an extended radio feature resembling a radio relic near the location of a temperature discontinuity in the X-rays. We measure a Mach number from the X-ray temperature jump (



X

=
1.6
±
0.2

). Several characteristics of radio relics (location and morphology of extended radio emission) are found in A2108, making this cluster one of the few low-mass mergers (M
L−M = 1.8 ± 0.4 × 1014
M
⊙) likely hosting a radio relic. The radio spectrum is exceptionally steep (α = −2 at the lowest frequencies), and the radio power is very weak (P
1.4 GHz = 1 × 1022 W Hz−1). To account for the shock/relic offset, we propose a scenario in which the shock created the relic by re-accelerating a cloud of pre-existing relativistic electrons and then moved away, leaving behind a fading relic. The electron-aging timescale derived from the high-frequency steepening in the relic spectrum is consistent with the shock travel time to the observed X-ray discontinuity. However, the lower flux in GMRT band 4 data causing the steepening could be due to instrumental limitations and deeper radio data are needed to constrain the spectral slope of the relic at high frequencies. A background cluster, 4′ from the merger, may have contributed to the ROSAT and Planck signals, but SZ modeling shows that the merger system is still X-ray underluminous, supporting the use of this approach to identifying merger-disrupted clusters.
Collisionless Shocks in the Heliosphere: Foot Width Revisited
Authors: Balikhin Michael , Gedalin Michael
Published: January 2022

For single-point measurements of quasi-perpendicular shocks, analytical measurements of the foot width are often used to evaluate the velocity of the shock relative to the satellite. This velocity is of crucial importance for in situ observations because it enables the identification of the spatial scale of other regions of the shock front such as a magnetic ramp for which the comprehensive understanding of their formation is not yet achieved. Knowledge of the spatial scale is one of the key parameters for the validation of theoretical models that are developed to explain the formation of these regions. Previously available estimates of the foot width for a quasi-perpendicular shock are based on several simplifications such as zero upstream ion temperature and specular ion reflection by the cross-shock electrostatic potential. The occurrence of specular reflection implies high values of the cross-shock electrostatic potential that significantly exceed the values obtained from in situ measurements. In this paper the effects of nonzero ion temperature and nonspecular ion reflection on the foot width are investigated. It is shown that in the case of nonspecular reflection the foot width can be as small as half of the size of the standard widely used estimate. Results presented here enable more reliable identification of the shock velocity from single-point observations.
Variations of the Internal Asymmetries of Sunspot Groups during Their Decay
Authors: Muraközy Judit
Published: January 2022

The aim of the present study is to show the varying asymmetries during the decay of sunspot groups. The source of input data is the SOHO/MDI-Debrecen Database sunspot catalog that contains the magnetic polarity data for time interval 1996–2010. Several types of asymmetries were examined on the selected sample of 142 sunspot groups. The leading–following asymmetry increases in three phases during the decay and exhibits anticorrelation with size. It is also related to a hemispheric asymmetry: during the decay, the area asymmetry index has higher values in the southern hemisphere, which may be due to the higher activity level in the southern hemisphere in cycle 23. The total umbral area is inversely proportional to the umbra/penumbra ratio, but it is directly proportional to the umbral decay rate. During the decay, the umbra/penumbra (U/P) ratio decreases unambiguously in the trailing parts but in most cases in the leading parts as well. The U/P variation is a consequence of the different depths of umbral and penumbral fields.
A Laboratory-driven Multiscale Investigation of X-Ray Induced Mass Loss and Photochemical Evolution in Cosmic Carbon and Silicate Dust
Authors: Gavilan Lisseth , Ho Phay J. , Gorti Uma , Ogasawara Hirohito , Jäger Cornelia , Salama Farid
Published: January 2022

We present the results of an integrated laboratory and modeling investigation into the impact of stellar X-rays on cosmic dust. Carbonaceous grains were prepared in a cooled (<200 K) supersonic expansion from aromatic molecular precursors, and were later irradiated with 970 eV X-rays. Silicate (enstatite) grains were prepared via laser ablation, thermally annealed, and later irradiated with 500 eV X-rays. Infrared spectra of the 3.4 μm band of the carbon sample prepared with benzene revealed 84% ± 5% band area loss for an X-ray dose of 5.2 ×1023 eV.cm−2. Infrared spectra of the 8–12 μm Si–O band of the silicate sample revealed band area loss up to 63% ± 5% for doses of 2.3 × 1023 eV.cm−2. A hybrid Monte Carlo particle trajectory approach was used to model the impact of X-rays and ensuing photoelectrons, Auger and collisionally ionized electrons through the bulk. As a result of X-ray ionization and ensuing Coulomb explosions on surface molecules, the calculated mass loss is 60% for the carbonaceous sample and 46% for the silicate sample, within a factor of 2 of the IR band loss, supporting an X-ray induced mass-loss mechanism. We apply the laboratory X-ray destruction rates to estimate the lifetimes of dust grains in protoplanetary disks surrounding 1 M
⊙ and 0.1 M
⊙ G and M stars. In both cases, X-ray destruction timescales are short (a few million years) at the disk surface, but are found to be much longer than typical disk lifetimes (≳10 Myr) over the disk bulk.
Constraints on Hadronic Contributions to LHAASO Sources with Neutrino Observations
Authors: Huang Tian-Qi , Li Zhuo
Published: January 2022

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) detected 12 gamma-ray sources above 100 TeV, which are the possible origins of Galactic cosmic-rays. We summarize the neutrino measurements by IceCube and ANTARES in the vicinity of LHAASO sources to constrain the contribution of hadronic gamma-rays in these sources. We find that the current observations constrain hadronic gamma-rays to contribute no more than ∼60% of the gamma-rays from the Crab Nebula. Gamma-rays from two LHAASO sources, LHAASO J1825−1326 and LHAASO J1907+0626, are dominated by leptonic components up to ∼200 TeV, under the hypotheses in the analysis by IceCube. The uncertainties of the constraint on the hadronic gamma-ray emission are discussed. We also constrain the total 100 TeV gamma-ray emission from TeV pulsar wind nebulae by relying on the remarkable sensitivity of LHAASO at that energy.
POTENTIAL CHINA-US WAR AND EUROPEAN DEFENSE
Authors: Bahenský Vojtěch
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the implications of a potential outbreak of high-intensity violent conflict between the United States and China in Pacific for the defence of NATO’s eastern flank. It identifies limits of American ability to simultaneously project force to two distant regions as potentially critical weakness in case of concurrent conflict in Asia and threat to the eastern flank.
Predatory ability and abundance forecast the ecological impacts of two aquatic invasive species
Authors: DeRoy Emma M. , Crookes Steven , Matheson Kyle , Scott Ryan , McKenzie Cynthia H. , Alexander Mhairi E. , Dick Jaimie T. A. , MacIsaac Hugh J.
Published: January 2022

Characterising interspecific interaction strengths, combined with population abundances of prey and their novel predators, is critical to develop predictive invasion ecology. This is especially true of aquatic invasive species, which can pose a significant threat to the structure and stability of the ecosystems to which they are introduced. Here, we investigated consumer-resource dynamics of two globally-established aquatic invasive species, European green crab (Carcinus maenas) and brown trout (Salmo trutta). We explored the mediating effect of prey density on predatory impact in these invaders relative to functionally analogous native rock crab (Cancer irroratus) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), respectively, feeding on shared prey (Mytilus sp. and Tenebrio molitor, respectively). We subsequently combined feeding rates with each predator’s regional abundance to forecast relative ecological impacts. All predators demonstrated potentially destabilising Type II functional responses towards prey, with native rock crab and invasive brown trout exhibiting greater per capita impacts relative to their trophic analogues. Functional Response Ratios (attack rates divided by handling times) were higher for both invasive species, reflecting greater overall per capita effects compared to natives. Impact projections that incorporated predator abundances with per capita effects predicted severe impacts by European green crabs. However, brown trout, despite possessing higher per capita effects than Atlantic salmon, are projected to have low impact owing to currently low abundances in the sampled watershed. Should brown trout density increase sixfold, we predict it would exert higher impact than Atlantic salmon. Such impact-forecasting metrics and methods are thus vital tools to assist in the determination of current and future adverse impacts associated with aquatic invasive species.
Hate speech analysis as a function of ideology: Emotional and cognitive effects
Authors: Abuín-Vences Natalia , Cuesta-Cambra Ubaldo , Niño-González José-Ignacio , Bengochea-González Carolina
Published: January 2022

Hate speech is a major problem, especially in the political environment, where it generates polarization and social conflict. There are no experimental laboratory studies that have analyzed the mechanisms of action of hate speech using biometric records to evaluate the implicit negative emotion caused by these discourses, despite the essential importance of emotion in this problem. This work investigates the interaction between the ideology of the source and the audience (progressive vs. conservative) and the type of message (hate vs. non-hate) on cognitions (perception of the veracity of the message and the source) and negative emotion (biometric and self-reported). Biometric emotion was assessed by recording heart rate variability and electrodermal response. The results highlight the importance of evaluating implicit biometric responses that reveal inaccessible data with other methodologies: conservatives show more emotion in their biometric records than in self-reported ones. With these measures, hate desensitization effects are also detected in both audiences. With self-reported measures, more negative emotion is detected in progressive audiences only when the source is contrary to their ideology; on the other hand, conservatives show less negative emotion in all cases. These results are interpreted as a consequence of normative pressure and endogroup cognitive biases.

El discurso de odio constituye un importante problema, especialmente en el entorno político, donde genera polarización y conflicto social. No existen trabajos experimentales de laboratorio que hayan analizado sus mecanismos de acción empleando registros biométricos para evaluar la emoción negativa implícita provocada por estos discursos, a pesar de la importancia esencial de la emoción en este problema. El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar, en una muestra universitaria, la interacción entre la ideología del emisor y el receptor (progresista vs. conservador) y el tipo de mensaje (odio vs. no-odio) sobre las cogniciones (percepción de credibilidad del mensaje y del emisor) y la emoción negativa (biométrica y auto-informada). La emoción biométrica se evaluó mediante registros de la variabilidad intercardíaca y la respuesta dermoeléctrica. Los resultados destacan la importancia de evaluar las respuestas biométricas implícitas que revelan datos inaccesibles con otras metodologías: los conservadores muestran mayor emoción en sus registros biométricos que en los auto-informados. También se detectan, con estas medidas, efectos de desensibilización del odio en ambas audiencias. Con medidas auto-informadas, se detecta mayor emoción negativa en las audiencias progresistas solo cuando el emisor es contrario a su ideología. En cambio, los conservadores manifiestan menor emoción negativa en todos los casos. Se interpretan estos resultados como consecuencia de la presión normativa y de sesgos endogrupales de conformidad.
Twitter and human trafficking: Purposes, actors and topics in the Spanish-speaking scene
Authors: Sierra-Rodríguez Alba , Arroyo-Machado Wenceslao , Barroso-Hurtado Domingo
Published: January 2022

Human trafficking is a phenomenon linked to several forms of exploitation, such as sexual exploitation, forced labour, forced marriage, begging, forced criminal activity, or organ removal. There are different debates about a potential overrepresentation of some of these exploitation purposes, such as the sexual one, in the discourses underlying international regulations, news or institutional campaigns. This may have consequences on the identification of some of the population affected by this phenomenon and the assistance provided to them. The aim of this paper is to analyse the temporal evolution of the purposes of exploitation, actors and topics most represented in the activity on human trafficking and exploitation on Twitter during the 2011-2020 period. The results show that sexual exploitation is the purpose most represented in Twitter activity and the fact that international organisations and the criminal prosecution of the crime of human trafficking have progressively become more relevant. Furthermore, the networks of topics suggest that sexual exploitation seems to be linked to the notion of prostitution. This may have consequences for the displacement of other purposes of exploitation or the approaches centred on the promotion of human rights to less relevant positions, as well as for the construction of certain images of victims of human trafficking.

La trata de personas es un fenómeno vinculado a diferentes finalidades de explotación, como la sexual, laboral, para el matrimonio, la mendicidad, la comisión de delitos o la extracción de órganos. Existen numerosos debates que remiten a una posible sobrerrepresentación de algunas de estas finalidades, como la sexual, en los discursos presentes en normativa internacional, prensa escrita o campañas institucionales. Esto puede derivar en posibles consecuencias sobre la detección de parte de la población afectada por este fenómeno y la atención que se le proporciona. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la evolución temporal de las finalidades de explotación, actores y temas más representados en la actividad sobre trata de personas y explotación acontecida en Twitter durante el periodo 2011-2020. Los resultados arrojan que la explotación sexual es aquella con una mayor presencia en la actividad en esta red social, así como que los organismos internacionales y la persecución penal del delito de trata se tornan progresivamente más relevantes. Además, las redes de comunidades de temas analizadas sugieren que la explotación sexual parece estar vinculada a la idea de prostitución en los tuits publicados. Todo ello puede tener consecuencias sobre el desplazamiento de otras finalidades de explotación o de enfoques como los centrados en la promoción de Derechos Humanos a posiciones menos relevantes, así como sobre la construcción de determinadas imágenes de víctimas de este fenómeno.
The relationship of Twitter with teacher credibility and motivation in university students
Authors: Froment Facundo , García-González Alfonso-Javier , Cabero-Almenara Julio
Published: January 2022

This paper aimed to analyse the perceptions of university students in relation to the credibility of university instructors according to the tweets posted on their Twitter profiles and the academic motivation that these can generate. Thus, students' perceptions of teacher credibility are affected by what instructors post on their social media profiles. The participants in the study were 166 students from the Faculty of Education Sciences at the University of Seville, carried out using a quasi-experimental methodology for which three Twitter profiles for a university professor were created with professional, social and mixed content. For the analysis of the results, normality and homoscedasticity tests were carried out on the sample to decide which statistical tests to use. The most salient results indicated that students perceived the professional profile as more competent, more caring, and more trustworthy, followed by the mixed profile and, lastly, by the social profile. Positive correlations were also found between students who perceived the university professor as reflected in the professional profile as credible in their academic motivation. The findings and their practical implications for instructors are discussed in terms of how they can incorporate Twitter into their teaching, considering the needs of their students to enhance their learning.

El presente trabajo pretendió analizar las percepciones del alumnado universitario en relación con la credibilidad del profesorado universitario según los tweets publicados en sus perfiles de Twitter y con la motivación académica que estos pueden generar. Así, las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre la credibilidad de los docentes se ven afectadas por lo que estos publican en sus perfiles de redes sociales. Los participantes del estudio fueron 166 estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Sevilla, llevándose a cabo mediante metodología cuasiexperimental para lo que se crearon tres cuentas de Twitter de una profesora universitaria con contenido profesional, social y mixto. Para el análisis de resultados se ejecutaron pruebas de normalidad y homoscedasticidad de la muestra para decidir las pruebas estadísticas a emplear. Los resultados más destacados indicaron que los estudiantes percibieron como más competentes, con mejor voluntad y más confiables los perfiles profesionales, seguidos de los perfiles mixtos y, en último lugar, de los perfiles sociales. Asimismo, se encontraron correlaciones positivas entre los estudiantes que percibieron a la profesora universitaria del perfil profesional como creíble y su motivación académica. Se discutieron los hallazgos logrados y sus implicaciones prácticas para los docentes en cuanto que pueden incorporar Twitter en su docencia, considerando las necesidades de sus estudiantes para potenciar su aprendizaje.
Art and Aesthetics in Sustainability Education Insights into Beautifying Management Education with François Jullien
Authors: Persson Sybille , Shrivastava Paul , Zsolnai Laszlo
Published: January 2022

La beauté se déploie conceptuellement dans les champs de l’art et de l’esthétique, en Occident comme en Orient, même si la perspective chinoise est souvent ignorée en éducation. Par ailleurs, les pratiques esthétiques sont de plus en plus utilisées dans la formation au management. Le but de cet article théorique est de questionner les bases conceptuelles des pratiques dans le champ de la formation en lien avec un développement durable. Notre approche se caractérise par le dialogue ouvert avec la conception chinoise en art et esthétique, dans ses connections nourrissantes avec le vivant. La prise en compte des deux conceptions, occidentale et chinoise, permet de dépasser l’approche européenne dominante et d’éviter une lecture ethnocentrique pour offrir un éclairage pertinent à un « embellissement » de la formation au management. Trois étapes scandent cet article conceptuel sur les enjeux du beau au service du développement durable. Nous présentons et analysons d’abord le cas ARTEM et ses 20 années d’expérience dans le champ de l’enseignement supérieur en France. Nous questionnons ensuite le concept du beau en vis-à-vis de la conception chinoise avec le philosophe et sinologue François Jullien. Enfin, nous analysons le potentiel esthétique pour vivifier durablement la formation au management. Le concept du beau associé à celui de connivence peut servir un processus vivifiant d’embellissement du management et de la formation. La connivence stimule une connaissance sensorielle et relationnelle, particulièrement adaptée pour comprendre et mobiliser les pratiques esthétiques en matière de développement durable.
Constant vorticity atmospheric Ekman flows in the $ f- $plane approximation
Authors: Wang Jinrong , Fečkan Michal , Guan Yi
Published: January 2022

We study the geophysical fluid dynamical problem of the wind in the steady atmospheric Ekman layer with constant eddy viscosity. Three dimensional Ekman flows with constant vorticity is considered in the \begin{document}$ f- $\end{document}plane approximation. For non-equatorial \begin{document}$ f- $\end{document}plane approximation, we show that any bounded solution of the Ekman flow with a flat surface and constant vorticity vector is the stationary flow with vanishing velocity field, while for the equatorial \begin{document}$ f- $\end{document}plane approximation, we obtain that the pressure presents no variation in the northward direction and the meridional component is constant throughout the fluid domain.
Studies on reversal permanent charges and reversal potentials via classical Poisson-Nernst-Planck systems with boundary layers
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Liu Xiangshuo , Pan Chaohong
Published: January 2022

We consider a one-dimensional classical Poisson-Nernst-Planck model with two ion species, one positively charged and one negatively charged, and a simple profile of nonzero permanent charges. Of particular interest is to examine the effect from boundary layers on zero-current ionic flows in terms of reversal potentials and reversal permanent charges through membrane channels. This is important because boundary layers of charge are particularly likely to create artifacts over long distances, and this could dramatically affect the behavior of ionic flows. With boundary layers, the existence of reversal potentials and reversal permanent charges is established. Particularly, the reversal potentials are further compared with those identified under electroneutrality boundary conditions, and their orders are provided, which sensitively depends on the complicated nonlinear interaction among system parameters, particularly, boundary layers, boundary concentrations and channel geometry.
The bioeconomy needs economic, ecological and social sustainability
Authors: Kircher Manfred ,   Management, KADIB, Kurhessenstr. 63, 60431 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Published: January 2022

The economic concept of the circular bioeconomy addresses not only the sectors of the traditional bioeconomy but also, in particular, the sectors of bio-based chemicals and energies as well as waste management. This concept is basically based on closing material cycles, in particular, but not only, that of carbon. Managing these material cycles is costly, which is why economic sustainability and, in the current transition phase, competitiveness with fossil-based value chains remain a constant challenge. Because of the large material turnover of the mentioned industries, in the interest of environmental sustainability the circular bioeconomy has to respect the limits of natural resources. With the raw material shift from fossil to renewable resources, regional economic structures and jobs will change and, in addition, circularity requires a change in consumption behavior. Both are challenges that need to be addressed in the interest of social acceptance and sustainability. The article focuses on the economic, but addresses also the ecological and social aspects, discusses options for achieving a comprehensively sustainable circular bioeconomy, and identifies research needs necessary for the further development of the bioeconomy.
Consensus and a Unified Species Paradigm: Reality or Idle Hope
Authors: Conix Stijn
Published: January 2022

Many systematic biologists claim that a new paradigm about species classification has been established in their discipline. This paradigm, which I call the ‘unified species paradigm’, consists in a set of theoretical claims and methodological practices centered around the view that species are independently evolving lineages. This paper sets out the basic theoretical and methodological principles of this new paradigm, and looks at biological textbooks, publication patterns and citation patterns to evaluate the claim that there is growing consensus about it.
Distinguishing Biological Trends from Adaptation
Authors: Mix Lucas John
Published: January 2022

Models of evolution commonly decompose change into deterministic and stochastic components. Different models, however, produce different concepts of signal and noise. Excursion tests correct for two distinct types of noise, sampling error and phenotypic drift, resulting in two distinct types of signal or trend. A minimal trend is a signal of historical change after correcting for sampling error; a directed trend is a model dependent measure of confidence that selection has occurred (correcting for both sampling error and drift). The history of random walks and excursion tests in paleobiology highlights the conceptual middle ground between historical pattern and underlying processes. In paleobiology, both minimal and directed trends reflect a causally agnostic, trait-level product of evolutionary and environmental processes. Directed trends provide evidence for directional causes, but the identity and relative strength of those causes requires a deeper understanding. Thus, the magnitude of minimal and directed trends should not be interpreted as the strength of selection for a specified trait. They can be a useful stepping stone in that direction when paired with a map of the middle ground and agreement about how genetic, macroevolutionary, and environmental processes contribute to evolutionary change.
“PORQUE EU NASCI DENTRO DA HISTÓRIA E AGORA EU TENHO QUE CONTINUAR”
Authors: Chaves Amorim Gabriel
Published: January 2022

Esse artigo apresenta a trajetória de Kasú Kanheró, kofã da etnia Kanhgág. Os Kanhgág do Rio Grande do Sul estavam confinados às suas aldeias até a segunda metade do século XIX e impossibilitados de deixar suas comunidades. Em 1988 a constituição restituiu o direito de ir e vir, uma possibilidade de retorno aos projetos-de-vida Kanhgág. O trabalho é delineado pela etnografia, pela história oral na modalidade de trajetórias de vida e análise da indexação dos discursos captados e transcritos. Não obstante aos conflitos internos nas comunidades de origem, a migração dos Kanhgág das grandes áreas para os centros urbanos se deu através da possibilidade, com a constituição de 1988, de ocupação de novos espaços e de um retorno à transumância, aqui entendido como uma emergência que estava ausente.
Retraction of Factors Influencing Millennials' Adoption on Internet Banking, Propositions Through Refined UTAUT2. Sri Lanka Journal of Marketing 7(3): 129-165
Authors: Editor in Chief .
Published: January 2022

No abstract available
El costo de disentir: análisis de experiencias de ruptura de exmiembros de tres iglesias protestantes
Authors: Ramírez Macías Rafael Isaac , Odgers Olga
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las causas y consecuencias de la disidencia religiosa entre miembros de los Testigos de Jehová, de la Iglesia adventista y de la Iglesia de Jesucristo de los Santos de los Últimos Días. Desde una perspectiva fenomenológica, se observan las experiencias individuales reconstruyendo sus trayectorias mediante una metodología centrada en las identidades narrativas. A partir de los casos analizados, observamos que en los tres casos de estudio las causas de la disidencia pueden ser teológicas o terrenales, el período entre el surgimiento de los desacuerdos y su expresión pública es extenso, y tener familiares en la misma congregación es el principal retardador de la confrontación. Las sanciones varían entre iglesias, pero el distanciamiento de personas afectivamente significativas es la consecuencia más difícil de sobrellevar –especialmente entre Testigos de Jehová. Por ello, quienes mantenían redes sociales fuera de la congregación antes de la ruptura, disponen de mayores recursos para hacer frente a las sanciones sociales y simbólicas.