bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring the risk and return of Indonesia's and United States Stock Index
Authors: Soegoto Herman S. , Apsarini Felicia , Mustapha Nazar
Published: April 2024

This research investigates the relationship between the returns of selected Indonesian and US stock market indexes and their risks so as to guide new investors on how to choose their investments wisely. A quantitative descriptive method was used using performance data from three Indonesian and three US stock indexes over ten years to calculate an average return. The Sharpe Index was used to measure each index's risk. The results show that the average stock return for each index in the US is higher than the Indonesia indexes, while the level of risk in the US, on average, is lower. Investors are advised to invest in index categories with higher returns and low risk to increase the chance of gaining better returns while managing their risk to be as low as possible.
Possibility of using fatty acid profiles for the authentication of beef adulterated with pork, donkey, and dog meat
Authors: Elsabagh Rasha , Abdeen Ahmed , K. Morsy Mohamed , M. Rayan Ahmed , A. Abdelrahman Elsayed , AbdElaaty Elsayed M. , F. Ibrahim Samah , Abdelkhalek Adel , Șmuleac Laura , Fericean Liana , Elgazzar Ahmed , M. El-Sayed Amal , A. Habotta Ola , F. Mahmoud Samy , S. Ibrahim Samar
Published: April 2024

Detection of meat adulteration is a critical issue in food labeling procedures and a serious concern related to food fraud, authenticity, and religious beliefs. The current work detected and quantified adulteration of raw ground beef with pork, donkey, and dog meat based on fatty acid profiles using GC-MS/MS. The study design incorporated pork, donkey, or dog meat with beef meat; negative and positive controls were used for the different meat species. Results demonstrated several significant differences (p < 0.05) in fatty acid contents between mixed/adulterated meat and pure beef. In addition, higher total saturated fatty acid levels in ground beef (57.91%) compared to dog fat (46.44%), donkey (38.71%), and pork fat (lard) (40.23%). High total unsaturated fatty acids content was observed in donkey (61.92%), pork (59.77%), and dog (53.56%) fats compared to beef fat (42.09%). On the other hand, total unsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in beef meat were lower than in pork, donkey, and dog meat. Moreover, the highest trans-fatty acid content was found in pork compared to the other meat types. All incorporated samples correlated positively with pure ground beef concerning the fatty acid profiles. Therefore, alteration of the mixed beef fatty acid profiles was a potential indicator for adulteration since a marked decrease in total saturated fatty acid content and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids was observed in the substituted samples. We concluded that GC-MS/MS-based fatty acid profiling is a promising technique that can be used to detect meat adulteration.
Liquiritin ameliorates acute myocardial infarction via the COX-2/NLRP3 signaling pathway: network pharmacology and experimental validation
Authors: Zhou Lan , Ding Hui-min , Du Yong-qin , Hu Zi-qing , Li Jing-ya , Wang Liang , Zhou Peng
Published: April 2024

Liquiritin is beneficial to cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury, myocardial hypertrophy, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the mechanism of liquiritin on AMI is unknown. This study is of great significance for elucidating the mechanism of liquiritin in preventing and treating AMI and developing cardiovascular protective drugs. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to screen the targets of liquiritin. AMI rats were built by coronary left anterior descending ligation. Echocardiography was used to monitor cardiac function; HE staining was used to detect pathological changes, and cardiac enzymes were detected. The expressions of COX-2, NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, and GSDMD were detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot. ELISA was used for the detection of IL-1β and IL-18 expression. COX-2 was detected as the most considerable protein in the PPI network. Molecular docking predicted that liquiritin has a high binding affinity with COX-2. AMI model rats showed significantly lower EF and FS (P<0.01) and increased LVIDd and LVIDs (P<0.01), which were improved by liquiritin. Liquiritin significantly reduced cardiac pathological changes and decreased LDH, CK, cTn-I, and BNP levels. Liquiritin reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of COX-2, NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, and GSDMD. Liquiritin inhibited IL-1β and IL-18 overexpression. Liquiritin has a better effect against AMI, and its mechanism is related to inhibiting the COX-2/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
Climate Change and Sustainable Crop Production: Farming is Changing
Authors: Walters Keith
Published: April 2024

The current public focus on development and adoption of more sustainable approaches to crop production in many parts of Europe will require widespread and significant changes to the way we farm. These changes are made even more complicated as they have to be implemented against the
background of climate change, which threatens to impose further challenges such as changing ranges of pest species, variable and extreme weather conditions, the potential for growing new crops and a range of other issues that will require ongoing adaptability. Government policy and legislation,
such as the UK Sustainable Farming Initiative (SCI) and the Environmental Land Management Schemes (ELMS), responds to the debate surrounding the future of farming by aiming to promote the adoption of more sustainable farming methods. Extensive work has been conducted in the UK to define what
the new schemes encompass/require, and to seek farmer opinions and experience on the quality of the support and guidelines offered to adopters of the scheme, alongside financial support for implementing the work required. Maintaining the momentum of change needed to achieve the objectives
encompassed by the new legislation will, however, require both a good understanding of how these schemes operate and close interaction between farmers, agronomists, industrial and academic R&D providers, and regulators, to support on-farm implementation.
The Effect of Dental Implants on Secretory Iga Level in Saliva
Authors: TAM Al-Kibsi , FMA Al-Rohmi , HA Al-Shamahy , KA AL-Haddad , OAI Al-Dossary , BHH Al-Shameri
Published: April 2024

Background and aims: The host immune response is altered by a series of physiological and pathological factors such as age, gender, inflammation, surgery, and medications. This study was conducted to evaluate differences in salivary IgA (S-IgA) levels in individuals who underwent dental implant surgery and compare them to individuals who were not exposed to dental treatments. S-IgA levels were determined at least 3 months after implant installation. Methods: A total of 60 healthy individuals were included in the study; 30 participants received implant treatment (Implant Group) and were compared with 30 participants with no implant treatment as controls (Control Group). 1.5 ml of unstimulated saliva was obtained for all participants. The quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used for the measurement of salivary IgA levels. Results: The age range of the participants in the implant group was 38-62 years, with a mean age of 47.9 years; 18 (60%) were males and 12 (40%) were females. The age range of the study's controls was 38-59 years, with a mean age ± SD of 45.2 ± 5.2 years for 18 (60%) males and 12 (40%) females. The mean number of implants was 2.7 ± 0.83, and the mean period after implant placement was 19.2 ± 8.2 months. A low sIgA level (< 250 μg/mL) was present in 10% of implant patients, but not in any cases in the control group. In contrast, only 6.7% of implant patients had this amount at a level greater than 351 μg/mL, compared to 53.3% in the control group. The mean ± SD for cases was 302.7 ± 36.8 g/mL versus 370.8 ± 59.2 μg/mL for controls, indicating that all normal distribution values were significantly lower in the implant patient group compared to higher values in healthy controls. Males had higher normal values across the board in both groups (cases and controls). Male dental implant patients' mean and standard deviation (312.2 ± 38.3 vs. 408.2 ± 42.2 µg/ml) showed a statistically significant decrease. Female dental implant patients' mean and standard deviation (287.3 30.6 vs. 314.7 ± 27.6 µg/ml) showed a statistically significant decrease. Overall, there was a significant decrease in the mean ±SD of dental implant patients (302.7 ± 36.8 µg/ml) versus the rising level in the total healthy control group (370.8 ± 36.8 µg/ml). The observed averages of sIgA for the presence of peri-implant mucositis in the two independent samples (yes, no) differed significantly by 60.7, with a 95% confidence interval of 41.1-80.3, and this finding is very significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Salivary immunoglobulin A level values were significantly lower statistically in implant patients compared to the control group. The results, however, showed that there is a connection between lower sIgA levels in saliva and the development of pre-implant mucositis, meaning that low sIgA levels are risk factors for peri-implant mucositis or that peri-implant mucositis causes lower sIgA levels to be produced in mouth saliva.
Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolutionary Aspects of Severe Obstructive Acute Renal Failure Requiring Dialysis in the Nephrology Department of the University Hospital of Brazzaville
Authors: GH Mahoungou , Y Dimi Nyanga , DT Eyeni Sinomono , RB Mouss , E Gandzali Ngabe , F Ambounou , P Ngoma , B Ndinga , D Mboungou , H Botokoto Bothard , H Ibovi , R Loumingou
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Obstructive anuria represents a medical and surgical emergency, sometimes necessitating immediate extrarenal replacement therapy. Our study aims to delineate the profile of hemodialyzed patients with obstructive acute renal failure (OARF), detailing indications for hemodialysis and observing the course of the condition. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study covers the period from 2019 to 2022, encompassing all patients with OARF requiring emergency dialysis at the Nephrology Department of the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Data analysis was performed using EPI Info software version 3.3.2 (CDC, Atlanta, USA). Results: The study involved 39 patients, with 69.23% being male. The average age was 58.10 years, and oliguria was the primary presenting symptom (82%). Tumoral obstruction accounted for 76%, while lithiasic obstruction constituted 14%. Two cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis were observed (2.8%). Neoplastic origins included prostate, bladder, cervical, and rectal cancers in 46.67%, 33.33%, 16.67%, and 3.33% of cases, respectively. Indications for hemodialysis were poorly tolerated uremia, acidosis, hyperkalemia, and pulmonary edema in 79.1%, 38.57%, 19.49%, and 13.21% of cases, respectively. The mortality rate was 25.64%. Conclusion: The reliance on hemodialysis in obstructive anuria underscores a delay in patient management. Emergency treatment revolves around urinary tract drainage, followed by addressing the underlying cause. Prevention hinges on early and adequate management of various causal pathologies.
Epidemiology and Mode of Emergency Diversion of Obstructive Renal Failure of Malignant Cause Retrospective Report
Authors: B Youssef , NA Saleh , H Hissein , M Amine , D Mohamed , D Adil, , A Rachid
Published: April 2024

Objective: Obstructive uropathy and its surgical management. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study carried out in the urology department of Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca over a 12-month period (April 2019-March 2020). It included 63 cases of patients hospitalized for obstructive renal failure. We included all patients with renal failure due to a documented malignant pathology. Results: Most of the patients were men (n = 45, 71.4%). The mean age was 60.2 years, with the most affected age group between 51 and 60 years. Forty-three patients (68.3%) were being treated for cancer. The clinical symptoms were diverse, dominated by low back pain. The bladder was the first organ affected by a tumor process. Renal function was impaired in all patients. Twenty patients (31.7%) (n=20) underwent dialysis prior to any bypass. The percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) was inserted in 56 patients (88.9%) (n=56), the double J catheter in 5 patients (7.9%) (n=5), and 2 patients (3.2%) (n=2) had a percutaneous nephrostomy and a double J catheter inserted contralaterally. Conclusions: In this cohort, bladder tumor was the main cause of obstructive renal failure. Percutaneous nephrostomy was the main mode of diversion used in our center. This choice was dictated by epidemiology and center experience not having a success rate of double J ureteral catheter placement in obstructive renal failure secondary to bladder tumor.
Risperidone Associated With Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism: A Case Report
Authors: H Guang Biao , G Xiao Lei , L Juan , H Ran , Z Zhao Hui , Z Tong
Published: April 2024

Antipsychotic drugs (APs) are widely used drugs for schizophrenia. For decades, these agents are frequently associated with some side-effects, including increased the risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE). A case of a man (53 years old) with schizophrenia was reported in this study. The man with no identified risk factor for thromboembolism, and developed Pulmonary Embolism (PE) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) after treatment with risperidone 2 years. The current case indicates that use of risperidone for long time can be associated with the risk of PTE and DVT. Risperidone is a Second-Generation Antipsychotic medication (SGA), as a mixed serotonin 5HT2 and dopamine D2 receptor antagonist possibly implicated in this adverse event. As suggested by this observation, VTE and PTE risk not just appears to new users, so they should be vigilant monitored to ensure early detection and prompt treatment of VET and PTE during medication.
22-Year-Old with Invasive Mass of the Right Femur
Authors: N Ashraf , RT Weihe , RM Liesman , A Meyer , KR Sweeney , DM Shoemaker
Published: April 2024

Blastomyces dermatitidis is an endemic mycosis in certain regions of the United States of America and can cause disseminated infection in immunocompetent individuals. We present a case of osseous blastomycosis in a previously healthy 22-year-old male from Missouri, who developed sudden onset right knee pain in June 2019. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) demonstrated an enhancing mass that was concerning for osseous malignancy. Antigen and antibody testing for dimorphic fungi was confounding. He underwent debridement and surgical specimen cultures grew B. dermatitidis. He was treated initially with liposomal amphotericin B and transitioned to oral itraconazole to complete therapy. Blastomycosis of the bone can be mistaken for malignancy and should be included on a differential for these types of cases. Blastomycosis of the bone and joints can be successfully treated with surgical debridement and prolonged antifungal therapy.
Potential Stem Cell Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease with Possible Applications of Lithium Therapy
Authors: TJ Caputo , MS Inayat , VS Gallicchio
Published: April 2024

Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, including memory loss, impaired judgment, and changes in behavior. It is the most common cause of dementia and is known to generate pathological changes in the brain, such as amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles which contribute to the symptoms. This disease affects over 55 million people worldwide and is known to frequently develop around the age of 65 and older. Bipolar disorder is characterized by extreme mood swings that include periods of mania involving heightened energy, euphoria, and depressive episodes leading to a loss of interest in many activities. These mood shifts can significantly impact the daily life and functioning of the affected person. There are more than 18 million people in the United States affected by this disease, and it is also known to be associated with the later development of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease. Lithium has been used as a treatment for bipolar disorder for 60+ years while also being known to show effects decreasing the incidence of neurodegenerative disorders in a variety of patients. Regarding the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, there is no present therapy approved to decrease the rate of development or cure the morbid disease after it has been diagnosed in individuals. Stem cell treatment is currently being studied through animal models to find a way to regenerate the loss of important neurological functions and combat the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Research has shown that lithium induces the proliferation of stem cells, including pluripotential stem cells and is a potent inhibitor of the biochemical process that results in the hyperphosphorlyation of Tau protein that is responsible for neurofibril tangles and neurological dysfunction observed in Alzheimer’s patients.
Cyclin B1: A potential prognostic and immunological biomarker in pan-cancer
Authors: Chen Quan , Ouyang Li , Liu Qing
Published: April 2024

Cyclin B1 (CCNB1) encodes a regulatory protein essential for the regulation of cell mitosis, particularly in controlling the G2/M transition phase of the cell cycle. Current research has implicated CCNB1 in the progression of various types of cancer, including gastric cancer, breast cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. In this study, we conducted a pan-cancer analysis of CCNB1 to investigate its prognostic significance and immunological aspects. Our comprehensive investigation covered a wide range of analyses, including gene expression, promoter methylation, genetic alterations, immune infiltration, immune regulators, and enrichment studies. We utilized multiple databases and tools for this purpose, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), the University of Alabama at Birmingham CANcer data analysis Portal (UALCAN), the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), the DNA Methylation Interactive Visualization Database (DNMIVD), the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING), Sangerbox, and cBioPortal. Data analyses were executed using GraphPad Prism software, R software, and various online tools. Our findings demonstrated a significant increase in CCNB1 expression across 28 cancer types. Elevated CCNB1 expression correlated with decreased overall survival (OS) in 11 cancer types and disease-free survival (DFS) in 12 cancer types. Additionally, DNA promoter methylation levels were significantly decreased in 14 cancer types. Furthermore, the study verified a significant association between CCNB1 expression and immune infiltration, immune modulators, microsatellite instability (MSI), and tumor mutational burden (TMB). Enrichment analysis indicated that CCNB1 is involved in multiple cellular pathways. Collectively, our results suggested that CCNB1 has the potential to serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker and may be a promising target for immunotherapy in various cancer types.
Progress of lymphocyte activation gene 3 and programmed cell death protein 1 antibodies for cancer treatment: A review
Authors: Li Yu-Quan , Chen Xue-Mei , Si Gui-Fei , Yuan Xue-Min
Published: April 2024

The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors has proven to be an effective treatment for cancer. Immune checkpoints such as programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), T-cell immunoglobulin-3 (TIM-3), T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT), and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) have received extensive attention, and the efficacy of antibodies or inhibitors against these checkpoints (either alone or in combination) has been evaluated in many tumors. This paper provides a brief overview of the PD-1 and LAG-3 checkpoints, and then shifts focus to the combined use of PD-1 and LAG-3 antibodies in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. In the in vitro experiments, we examined the correlation between the expression and activation of these inhibitors on T cells, and also assessed toxicity in animals in preparation for in vivo experiments. The effects of the combined use of PD-1 and LAG-3 antibodies were then summarized in animal models of melanoma, MC38 carcinoma, and other tumors. In clinical studies, the combined application of these antibodies was assessed in patients with melanoma, colorectal, breast, and renal cell cancers, as well as other solid tumors. In general, the combination of PD-1 and LAG-3 antibodies has shown promising results in both in vivo and in vitro studies.
Почему женщины убивают? Эмпирическая типология убийств, совершенных женщинами в России
Authors: Луликян Анна Айковна , Жучкова Светлана Васильевна
Published: April 2024

Убийства, совершенные женщинами, изучены значительно меньше, чем убийства, совершенные мужчинами. При этом результаты исследований в разных национальных контекстах показывают, что убийства существенно различаются по полу, и по этой причине прямая экстраполяция мотивов и обстоятельств «мужских» убийств на «женские» не представляется возможной, что образует очевидную исследовательскую лакуну. В последние десятилетия отмечается рост интереса к систематизации мотивов убийств, совершаемых женщинами. Многие криминологи в России и за рубежом пришли к выводу, что самооборона является ключевым мотивом для женщин. В качестве общего недостатка исследований специалистов можно выделить тот факт, что мотивы классифицировались либо отдельно, либо в связке с очень ограниченным набором обстоятельств. Поскольку женщины в основном убивают мужчин из ближнего круга, с которыми их связывает некая история взаимоотношений, авторы настоящей статьи предлагают сфокусироваться на обстоятельствах, предшествующих убийству, и рассмотреть их в совокупности с мотивами. Цель данного исследования – дополнить имеющиеся знания путем разработки эмпирической типологии убийств, совершаемых женщинами в России, на основе как мотивов, так и обстоятельств. Выборку исследования составили 300 отобранных случайным образом судебных приговоров, вынесенных женщинам в России с 2017 по 2021 год по ст. 105 «Убийство» ч. 1 УК РФ. Тексты приговоров были закодированы вручную с помощью контент-анализа, а типы убийств определялись на основе латентно-классового анализа. В результате исследования были выделены и описаны четыре типа убийств: убийства, совершенные женщинами в цикле взаимного домашнего насилия; убийства, совершенные женщинами  ‒ жертвами домашнего насилия; убийства, совершенные женщинами в результате длительного взаимного психологического насилия; ситуативные убийства.
Самоорганизация атомизированных мобильных работников: практики воспроизводства трудовой солидарности среди дальнобойщиков
Authors: Сталинов Георгий Андреевич
Published: April 2024

Настоящее исследование направлено на выявление повседневных практик взаимодействия, взаимовыручки и коллективных действий, через которые водители-дальнобойщики воспроизводят солидарность группы, преодолевая разрозненную мобильность ее членов. Исследование основано на обширном эмпирическом материале, собранном в 10 экспедициях. Сбор наблюдений и полуструктурированных интервью проходил в кабинах грузовиков и на грузовых стоянках, между которыми автор перемещался автостопом. В статье описываются пространственно-временная организация работы дальнобойщиков, каналы коммуникации и практики взаимодействия. Дальнобойщики работают поодиночке, независимо друг от друга, поэтому не могут воспроизводить солидарность через коллективный труд, зависимость друг от друга в выполнении обязанностей, работу в едином пространстве. Солидарность в группе дальнобойщиков воспроизводится через особую, производную от специфики их работы, систему практик взаимовыручки, а также взаимодействий на придорожных стоянках, где их одинокая мобильность прерывается вместе с остановкой автомобиля.
«Поколение локдауна»: динамика молодежного рынка труда в условиях пандемии COVID-19
Authors: Зудина Анна Алексеевна
Published: April 2024

Настоящее исследование представляет собой первую попытку комплексного анализа динамики выпадения российской молодежи из сферы занятости и образования в период пандемии COVID-19. Исследование выполнено на основе данных РМЭЗ ВШЭ за 2018–2021  гг. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о росте уровня вовлеченности молодежи в  категорию NEET в 2020 г. в России, связанном с увеличением доли NEET-неактивных молодых людей (прежде всего, среди женщин), что согласуется с зарубежными исследованиями на аналогичную тему, фиксирующими в период пандемии значительный рост доли незанятой и не ищущей работу молодежи, одновременно находящейся за пределами сферы образования. Однако общий масштаб изменений в уровнях вовлеченности в категорию NEET в 2020  г. в России по сравнению с зарубежными странами был сравнительно небольшим. Острая фаза пандемии характеризовалась увеличением потоков молодых мужчин и женщин, направленных в NEET-неактивность из состояния занятости, а восстановление экономики – их заметным сокращением. Однако эконометрическое оценивание не выявило значимого самостоятельного влияния ковидных ограничений 2020 г. на динамику показателей вовлеченности молодежи в категорию NEET-безработных и NEET-неактивных при прочих равных условиях, что объясняется особенностями адаптации российского рынка труда к ковидному шоку, согласно которым предприятия в большей степени использовали ценовой (сокращение зарплат) и временной (сокращение рабочих часов и вынужденные отпуска) механизмы подстройки, при этом работники продолжали оставаться занятыми с точки зрения формальных трудовых отношений. Исключение, согласно данным РМЭЗ ВШЭ, составляют только значимо более высокие вероятности NEET-неактивности среди молодых женщин, что, по всей видимости, связано с трудностями совмещения учебных/рабочих и домашних обязанностей в период эпидемиологических ограничений.
«Обложиться информацией, чтобы хоть что-то понимать»: индивидуальные и социальные основания думскроллинга
Authors: Казун Анастасия Дмитриевна
Published: April 2024

В последние годы исследователи уделяют большое внимание избыточному потреблению новостей. Однако обычно это явление рассматривается в нормативном ключе как слабоконтролируемое аддиктивное или аффективное поведение, и в фокусе внимания оказываются негативные эффекты избыточного медиапотребления. В предложенном исследовании мы даем слово самим думскроллерам – людям, которым свойственно чрезмерное и болезненное внимание к негативным новостям. Опираясь на 47 интервью, проведенных в период с 20.11.2022 по 30.03.2023 г., мы выделяем спектр причин и мотивов, которые способствовали переходу к избыточному потреблению информационного контента. Думскроллинг может обосновываться (1) индивидуальными чертами (высокая тревожность при отказе от новостей, аналитический склад ума, устойчивая психика) и потребностями (адаптация к ситуации или восстановление чувства/иллюзии контроля); (2) гражданским или моральным долгом; (3) социальными отношениями (забота о близких, социальное заражение, влияние социального окружения и поиск тем для обсуждения; поиск единомышленников; невозможность избежать; социализация). Описания думскроллинга как зависимости, аффективной реакции или следствия влияния внешних факторов менее представлены в интервью. Таким образом, мы не можем однозначно трактовать избыточное потребление негативных новостей ни как аддикцию или компульсивное поведение, ни как рациональный выбор наилучшей из имеющихся альтернатив.
Рабочая тетрадь «Обучение служением»
Authors: Земцов Дмитрий
Published: April 2024

В издании обобщен опыт ряда российских вузов, полученный в процессе их многолетней работы по направлению социальной проектной деятельности. Дано описание цикла внедрения обучения служением в университете, перечислены ключевые документы, которые необходимо актуализировать в вузе для внедрения данной методики. Предложены этапы разработки проекта «Обучение служением» и описана работа со студентами в рамках его реализации. Кроме того, представлены примеры проектов, реализованных по методике «Обучение служением». Рабочая тетрадь предназначена для преподавателей, внедряющих и реализующих подход «Обучение служением» в своих образовательных программах, а также для всех интересующихся данной тематикой.
Контрольно-надзорная и разрешительная деятельность в Российской Федерации. Вектор развития до 2030 года. Аналитический доклад — 2023
Authors: Плаксин Сергей
Published: April 2024

Доклад посвящен наиболее перспективным направлениям дальнейшей реформы контрольной (надзорной) деятельности. В их число входит повышение результативности и эффективности контроля, развитие систем управления рисками и профилактики, совершенствование регуляторной политики (через риск-ориентированное регулирование, систематизацию и приоритезацию обязательных требований), а также цифровая трансформация контрольной (надзорной) деятельности. Доклад подготовлен по заказу Комитета РСПП по разрешительной и контрольно-надзорной деятельности Институтом государственного и муниципального управления Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики».
A comparative typology of verbal affixes in Riau-Malay and Sundanese
Authors: Tambusai Azhary , Nasution Khairina
Published: April 2024

This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of verbal affixes in two Austronesian languages, Riau-Malay and Sundanese, with a focus on their morphological, syntactic, and semantic properties. Both languages are spoken in the Indonesian archipelago, and while they share certain linguistic characteristics, they exhibit intriguing differences in their verbal affixation systems. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of linguistic diversity within Austronesian languages and to reveal on the mechanisms underlying verb formation in these two distinct linguistic systems. By comparing and contrasting the verbal affixation systems in these languages, this study aims to reveal striking differences in terms of affix types, attachment patterns, and grammatical functions. The analysis explored the morphology of verbal affixes used in Riau-Malay and its comparison in Sundanese. It identifies clear distinctions in the ways affixes are employed to mark tense, aspect, mood, and other grammatical categories. Furthermore, the study also investigated the syntactic roles of verbal affixes, exploring how they affect word order and argument structure in sentences. This analysis exposes intriguing patterns of valency-changing operations in Riau-Malay and Sundanese. The findings of this study are expected to enhance people’s understanding of Riau-Malay and Sundanese and to contribute to the broader typological and theoretical discussions in linguistics. The comparative analysis of these two languages provides valuable insights into the ways in which languages within the Austronesian family can diverge and adapt to their unique cultural and historical contexts. Ultimately, this study may be valuable to advance our knowledge of linguistic diversity and variation, offering a deeper appreciation of the intricate web of languages that shape human communication in the Indonesian archipelago and beyond.
STEAM pedagogy in foreign language education: An endeavour to broaden CLIL pedagogy through 6E’s framework
Authors: Imamyartha David , Widiati Utami , Fardhani Aan Erlyana , A’yunin Alifiyah , Mitasari Mitasari , Hapsari Galuh Candraning
Published: April 2024

This study addressed the dilemma in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) teaching. It argued that a STEAM pedagogy (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) can inform and broaden CLIL pedagogy through 6E’s framework (engage, explore, explain, engineer, enrich, and evaluate). The authors first theoretically highlighted how STEAM pedagogy addressed some of the issues concerning CLIL instruction and showed that 6E’s framework cohered with the 4C’s (culture, content, cognition, and communication) of pluriliteracies approach to CLIL. We then actuated this conceptualization through a case study exploring Indonesian EFL learners’ engagement in 16-meeting CLIL lessons by examining their multidimensional learning experiences, affectivity, and emotionality. Data were oriented to the contextual variables of effective learning from learners’ standpoint and collected through Academic Emotion Questionnaire (AEQ), language learning attitude battery, and reflection sheet distributed to 204 college learners in six CLIL classes with 6E’s framework. The findings demonstrated the potency of 6E’s framework to provide vital scaffolding for discipline-specific literacies through scientific inquiry in language learning. The framework stimulated intensive multidimensional learning, positive academic emotions, and positive attitudes toward CLIL lessons. Students’ reflections underscored how the framework paved engaging authentic language tasks and science projects as essential drives for intrinsic motivation to learn content and language despite limited linguistic repertoires.
Person reference in police interviews: A case study of domestic violence in Indonesia
Authors: Vidhiasi Dhion Meitreya , Muniroh R. Dian Dia-an , Gunawan Wawan , Kurniawan Eri , Hermawan Budi , Wirza Yanty , Hadiyani Teni
Published: April 2024

Person reference plays a critical role in judicial discourse, influencing perceptions of impartiality and respect. Person reference can express partiality or respect, either through solidarity with, or the humanization of, witnesses, victims, suspects, or defendants in law enforcement settings. Furthermore, it is important to acknowledge that verbal violence or dehumanization can sometimes be perceived as a manifestation of impartiality, when individuals employ words that inflict harm upon others. This study employs a qualitative approach to examine the utilization of person reference by two police investigators during their interview of a suspect involved in a domestic violence incident. The data consisted of transcripts from two experimental setup interviews conducted by two police investigators with one adult individual assuming the role of a suspect. The research revealed that law enforcement investigators employed formal nomination categories during interviews in order to establish a significant level of separation between the investigating officers and the individual under investigation. The present study revealed that two police investigators made efforts to humanize the suspect. Nevertheless, the transition from using the honorifics "Bapak/Pak (Mr/Sir)" as a sign of reverence for older males, to employing the term "Saudara (metaphorical brother/sister)" in a legal setting, indicating a lack of familiarity in the connection, results in an escalation of social distance. This realization advances our knowledge of the subtle ways in which linguistic decisions can affect law enforcement interactions, offering valuable implications for improving the fairness and effectiveness of judicial discourse.
Kanjuruhan tragedy in the New York Times: A critical discourse analysis
Authors: Qowim Achmad Arinal , Degaf Agwin
Published: April 2024

AbstractOn October 1, 2022, the Kanjuruhan Football Tragedy in Malang, Indonesia, marked a poignant event, drawing significant media coverage, particularly by The New York Times. This incident, involving the police, supporters, and the government, unfolded amidst complex dynamics of action and response. This paper aims to dissect the media portrayal of these entities, examining the nuances of representation in news narratives. Adopting Van Leeuwen's (2008) Critical Discourse Analysis framework, the study employs a qualitative methodology to analyze how Social Actors are depicted through inclusion and exclusion strategies, alongside the portrayal of Social Actions through action and reaction approaches. The analysis of The New York Times' coverage reveals that the police were frequently portrayed as the enforcers of security, often resorting to measures like firing tear gas, while the supporters were depicted as reacting to these measures and significantly impacted by the tragedy. The government was represented as the overarching authority, responsible for managing the situation and its aftermath. This study uncovers a multi-layered narrative in the news discourse, highlighting the complexity of representing different actors in high-impact events. It concludes that media narratives in such scenarios are intricate, often shaped by the interplay of various actors' roles and actions. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive discourse analysis in understanding media representations, suggesting future research should extend the scope of analysis by integrating broader elements from Van Leeuwen’s framework and other Critical Discourse Analysis theories to gain deeper insights into media portrayals in similar situations.
Experimental study on the effect of colloidal nano silica in high strength self-compacting concrete containing ground granulated blast furnace slag
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Murty K. Shyam Sundar , Rao G.V. Rama ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Adiseshu S. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University
Published: April 2024

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is profusely utilized in building construction due to its unique design and mechanism of flow without segregation by occupying the corners and preventing the voids to achieve better compaction and mechanical strength. This work addresses the effect of colloidal nano-silica (NS) of size 5-40nm with an active nano solids content of 32% on the high-strength SCC containing Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) and Ordinary Portland Cement as binders in addition to NS. The liquid content of 68% in NS was added to the water content in the mix. The ratios of NS were evaluated at 0%,0.5%,1%,1.5%, 2% and GGBFS as 20% by weight of binder in concrete. The water to binder ratio was 0.33 with a water and binder content of 184kg/m3 and 557.58 kg/m3. The optimum mix was 1.5% NS based on the concrete’s slump and compressive strength at 28 days. The slump was reduced with a rise in NS beyond 1.5% due to the accumulation of NS particles causing the reduction in flowability. The density of SCC for all the mixes was satisfactory. The compressive strength of optimum SCC, M21.5NS20G was decreased by 5.88% and increased by 0.49% and 2.45% at 7, 28 and 91 days to that of the reference mix whereas its split tensile strength was risen by 31.13%, 9.27%, and 12.41% and flexural strength was risen by 5.8% and reduced by 8.17% and 4.06% to that of the reference mix at aforementioned durations. The SEM and XRD analyses were conducted on the optimum hardened SCC mix at 28 days in which the presence of Calcium silicate hydrate compounds of different crystalline structures, viz., Ettringite, and Portlandite were observed. The SCC designed in the work can be used for structural applications such as beam-column joints.
Flux potentials of local talc in low voltage electro-porcelain insulator production
Authors:   Production Tech., School of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Port Harcourt, Uchegbulam Ifeanyi , Chukwuemeka Agbo Sunday ,   Ceramics Research and Production Department, Projects Development Institute (PRODA) Enugu, Elenwo Onyinyechi Pauline ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Momoh Emmanuel Owoichoechi ,   Faculty of Environment Science and Economy, University of Exeter
Published: April 2024

Increasing demand for accessories like porcelain electric insulators have continued in developing countries causing overdependence on imported products. Meanwhile, raw materials for their local production are available in commercial quantities with high firing temperature being the major challenge. Hence, the need for fluxing agents that can reduce the working temperature led to the investigation of Talc as a partial replacement of conventional Feldspar. An optimum replacement of 10% Feldspar with Talc was adopted, and this recipe showed microstructurally enriched glassy phase, primary and secondary Mullite with other crystalline phases like Cristobalite, Microcline and Albite at 1200oC with micropores evident in both the Talc and Feldspar formulations. The produced insulator fired at 1200oC offered an optimum thermal conductivity of 0.2768W/mK with reductions in water absorption, apparent porosity and linear shrinkage by 78.29%, 76.02% and 19.75% respectively with a 9.48% rise in bulk density. The electrical performance comprised Inception, Withstand and Breakdown Voltages of 10.2 kV, 14 kV and 20 kV respectively at leakage currents of 0.2 mA, 1.2 mA and 2 mA accordingly. With a withstand voltage above 11 kV and breakdown voltage below 22 kV, this pin-type porcelain insulator will find wide application in both electric substations and end user load points like commercial and residential electric power lines. The novelty lies on the fluxing and filler potentials of Talc as a locally-sourced mineral in porcelain insulator production which increases the market value of Nigerian Talc while reducing importation, costs of energy and raw materials in porcelain production.
Investigation of Equilibrium Optimizer to Solve Economic Dispatch with Practical Constraints
Authors: Reddy Y Venkata Krishna
Published: April 2024

Now a day’s power demand keep on increasing due to rapid changes occurs in power industry. For that purpose establishing new generating is costlier rather than effectively utilize the available generating stations. In order to properly planning of power system generation sharing Economic Dispatch (ED) plays vital role. In this paper, Equilibrium Optimizer (EO) is used to solve the ED problem with effect of valve-point, prohibited operating zones (POZs), ramp rate up/down limits and pollution like practical constraints. In order to analyze the capability of the EO algorithm, the algorithm is applied to four test systems with 6 unit systems and the results are compared with other optimization algorithms. The comparative results proven that EO is better optimization technique to solve ED problem with practical constraints.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE SPHERE ENSURING CYBER SECURITY
Authors:   National academy of Security service of Ukraine, Chernysh R.
Published: April 2024

The article states that in recent years global cyberspace has been more objectively assessed by the world community as one of the most important security priorities, as its functioning is a significant factor in the development of the economy, military, social, security and other sectors. The threat of hacking Internet systems with criminal intent or in the interests of special services of foreign countries is on the same level as terrorism, espionage and the use of weapons of mass destruction. Taking into account the insufficient experience of counteracting the specified negative phenomena by special entities, the help of foreign partners and the use of their diverse efforts in this direction is considered relevant. Taking into account the above, the purpose of the article is to analyze the organizational activities of certain special entities of foreign states in the field of cyber security. It is claimed that special services of the Russian Federation are purposefully carrying out cyber attack campaigns in the USA and EU countries. These challenges led to the formation of the socalled cyber troops Analyzing open sources of information, we can come to the conclusion that at the official level their existence is recognized only in a part of the countries in the world (USA, Iraq, Great Britain, Russian Federation, etc.), but in reality they function in almost every developed state. It is noted that currently Ukraine organizes cooperation with international partners on a systematic basis, and one of the priority steps should be the development of national legislation taking into account the provisions of the updated strategy of the European Union in the field of cyber security in the conditions of digital modernization for the coming years. One of the primary tasks in the specified area is also the formation of an effective mechanism for ensuring the security of the information space, taking into account the relevant best international experience. To a large extent, this concerns our country in view of European integration hopes, the need to implement effective mechanisms for the development of the economy, modern information technologies, etc., and the country’s stay in a state of «undeclared war» on the part of the Russian Federation.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE QUEUE OF PATIENTS AS A TOOL FOR ENSURING THE STATE TIMELINESS OF PROVIDING MEDICAL AID
Authors:   Research Institute of Public Law, Bilan S. Yu.
Published: April 2024

oday, in Ukraine, there is an opaque procedure for patients to receive expensive medical services, the cost of which is covered by the state. This leads to a violation of the constitutional rights of citizens to effective and accessible medical care for all citizens. The purpose of the article is defined by the author to explain and justify the author’s vision of solving the problem of untimely provision of planned medical care to patients in Ukraine by introducing a queue of patients. The author proposes to implement in Ukraine a centralized patient queue management system based on the existing electronic health care system, when a doctor will be able to immediately enroll a patient in a queue at any available health care facility at the same time as issuing a referral for scheduled medical care. A transparent and centralized queue of patients in the electronic health care system will allow the state to organize a queue of patients in health care institutions to receive free planned medical care; ensure equal and fair access of patients to planned medical care and fair distribution of patients between health care institutions; to reduce the premature mortality of citizens by establishing maximum waiting periods for receiving free planned medical care; increase life expectancy; reduce the share of shadow payments in the medical care system; to reduce future state budget costs for the treatment of complications or more severe conditions of the patient due to untimely provision of planned medical care.
Maternal blood lead level and its impact on cord blood hematological parameters
Authors: Gorgadze N. T. , Ungiadze Ju. Yu. , Akhvlediani L. T. , Ungiadze D. D. , Baziari V. O. , Lomauri Kh. N. , Kokaia N. Zh. , Giorgobiani M. Sh.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. More than 13 annual million deaths are caused by environmental pollutants worldwide. Urbanization, population growth, industrialization and globalization affect our lives both positively and negatively. Women can become lead exposed through occupational and environmental sources. Once lead enters the body, it is mainly deposited in diverse organs: brain, kidneys, liver and bones. The body stores lead mainly in the bones, where it accumulates over time that may be further released into the bloodstream during pregnancy, thus posing a threat to growing fetus.

   Aim: to examine a lead impact on newborn hematological parameters during perinatal period.

   Materials and Methods. A retrospective cohort study with 306 pregnant women and paired newborns was carried out. Peripheral blood lead level (BLL) in pregnant and postpartum women was analyzed by using the atomic-absorption spectrophotometry method. Blood specimens were collected for analysis in the third trimester of pregnancy. Newborns hemoglobin concentration (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, MCHC) in erythrocytes was also assessed.

   Results. We have detected a statistically significant decrease of MCHC in babies born to mothers with BLL > 0.24 µmol/L vs. BLL < 0.24 µmol/L. This difference may indicate a decline in hemoglobin fetal production caused by lead intoxication.

   Conclusion. Study corroborates an idea that pregnant women with occupational or environmental lead exposure should be monitored for BLL, which should not exceed 0.24 µmol/L during pregnancy.