bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Valorização Docente na (re)construção da Identidade dos Profissionais do Ensino Superior em Angola
Authors: Cutatela Arão Chilulo
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo tem como finalidade refletir em torno da valorização docente, na (re)construção da identidade dos profissionais do Ensino Superior (ES). Sua elaboração desencadeou-se de uma abordagem qualitativa, inserida no paradigma interpretativo, fazendo alusão e análise do discurso dos autores e de conteúdo, articulados aos documentos normativos e estudos realizados por diversos investigadores sobre a temática em diferentes contextos educativos e sociais de modo geral, realidade dos docentes e vivência dos autores e no ES em Angola particularmente, enquanto campo da atuação de dois dos autores. O âmbito de análise foi de articular as orientações expressas nos documentos normativos e a importância que os diferentes autores atribuem a temática, contextualizada a realidade angolana. As conclusões rementem a compreensão da temática numa visão unilateral reforçando a necessidade valorizar profissionalmente os docentes a nível do ES em Angola.
Metabolic and Amino Acid Alterations of the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Stepka Petr , Vsiansky Vit , Raudenska Martina , Gumulec Jaromir , Adam Vojtech , Masarik Michal
Published: February 2020

:

Metabolic changes driven by the hostile tumor microenvironment surrounding cancer cells
and the effect of these changes on tumorigenesis and metastatic potential have been known for a long
time. The usual point of interest is glucose and changes in its utilization by cancer cells, mainly in the
form of the Warburg effect. However, amino acids, both intra- and extracellular, also represent an
important aspect of tumour microenvironment, which can have a significant effect on cancer cell
metabolism and overall development of the tumor. Namely, alterations in the metabolism of amino
acids glutamine, sarcosine, aspartate, methionine and cysteine have been previously connected to the
tumor progression and aggressivity of cancer.

:

The aim of this review is to pinpoint current gaps in our knowledge of the role of amino acids as a
part of the tumor microenvironment and to show the effect of various amino acids on cancer cell
metabolism and metastatic potential. This review shows limitations and exceptions from the traditionally
accepted model of Warburg effect in some cancer tissues, with the emphasis on prostate
cancer, because the traditional definition of Warburg effect as a metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis
does not always apply. Prostatic tissue both in a healthy and transformed state significantly differs in
many metabolic aspects, including the metabolisms of glucose and amino acids, from the metabolism of
other tissues. Findings from different tissues are, therefore, not always interchangeable and have to be
taken into account during experimentation modifying the environment of tumor tissue by amino acid
supplementation or depletion, which could potentially serve as a new therapeutic approach.
Clinical and Translational Research Challenges in Neuroendocrine Tumours
Authors: Barriuso Jorge , Lamarca Angela
Published: February 2020

:

Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) represent a range of neoplasms that may arise from any
(neuro)endocrine cell situated in any part of the human body. As any other rare diseases, NETs face
several difficulties in relation to research. This review will describe some of the main challenges and
proposed solutions faced by researchers with expertise in rare malignancies.

:

Some of the most common challenges in clinical and translational research are enumerated in this review,
covering aspects from clinical, translational and basic research. NETs being a heterogeneous
group of diseases and a limited sample size of clinical and translational research projects are the main
challenges.

:

Challenges with NETs lay over the disparities between healthcare models to tackle rare diseases. NETs
add an extra layer of complexity due to a numerous group of different entities.

:

Prospective real-world data trials are an opportunity for rare cancers with the revolution of electronic
health technologies. This review explores potential solutions to these challenges that could be useful
not only to the NET community but also to other rare tumours researchers.
BRCA Mutational Status is a Promising Predictive Biomarker for Platinum- based Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Tazzite Amal , Jouhadi Hassan , Benider Abdellatif , Nadifi Sellama
Published: February 2020

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) can be distinguished from other breast malignancies by
the lack of expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) as well as human epidermal
growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). TNBC is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and high risk
of metastasis. Currently, several clinical and translational reports are focusing on developing targeted
therapies for this aggressive cancer. In addition to approved targeted drugs such as poly(ADP-ribose)
polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) and immune-checkpoint inhibitors, platinum-based chemotherapy is still
a cornerstone therapeutic option in TNBC. However, despite the observed improved outcomes with platinum-
based chemotherapy in TNBC, there is still a large proportion of patients who do not respond to
this treatment, hence, the need for predictive biomarkers to stratify TNBC patients and therefore, avoiding
unwanted toxicities of these agents. With the emergence of genetic testing, several recent studies
suggested mutations in breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) in TNBC patients as important predictors
of outcomes. These mutations alter the homologous recombination repair (HRR) mechanisms leading
to genomic instability. Consequently, sensitivity to platinum-based treatments in this subpopulation
of TNBC patients may be explained by cell death enhanced by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage
induced by these potent anticancer drugs. Through this paper, we review several recent studies on this
topic to better understand the mechanisms and discuss the potential of BRCA mutational status as a predictive
biomarker of platinum-based chemotherapy in TNBC.
Nanocurcumin Inhibits Angiogenesis via Down-regulating hif1a/VEGF-A Signaling in Zebrafish
Authors: Cao Zigang , He Shicong , Peng Yuyang , Liao Xinjun , Lu Huiqiang
Published: February 2020

Background:

Curcumin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties.
Despite the considerable evidence showing that curcumin is an efficacious and safe compound for
multiple medicinal benefits, there are some demerits with respect to the therapeutic effectiveness
of curcumin, namely, poor stability and solubility, and its role in angiogenesis in vivo is still not
yet clear. More recently, the biodegradable polymer nanoparticles have been developed. This offers
promise for the therapeutic effectiveness of curcumin by increasing its bioavailability, solubility
and retention time.

:

Here, we compared the medicinal effectiveness of curcumin and nanocurcumin (NC),
and found that nanocurcumin can inhibit angiogenesis more effectively than curcumin in zebrafish.
Tests of proliferation and apoptosis showed no difference between nanocurcumin-treated and wildtype
embryos.

Results:

qPCR and in situ hybridization experiments indicated that the VEGF signaling pathway
genes, vegfa, VEGF-C and flt4 were all down-regulated after nanocurcumin treatment, and vegfa
over-expression rescued the vascular defective phenotype. Moreover, hif1a expression also decreased
and hif1a over-expression also rescued the vascular defective phenotype but the Notch
signaling pathway had no difference after nanocurcumin treatment.

Conclusion:

These results indicate that nano curcumin inhibits angiogenesis in zebrafish by downregulating
hif1a/vegfa signaling pathway. Hence, our work reveals the key role of nanocurcumin in
angiogenesis in vivo.
Early Age of Migraine Onset is Independently Related to Cognitive Decline and Symptoms of Depression Affect Quality of Life
Authors: Bao Jiajia , Ma Mengmeng , Dong Shuju , Gao Lijie , Li Changling , Cui Chaohua , Chen Ning , Zhang Yang , He Li
Published: February 2020

Background:

People with migraine experience cognitive decline more often than
healthy controls, resulting in a significant functional impact. Early identifying influencing factors
that contribute to cognitive decline in migraineurs is crucial for timely intervention. Although
migraine may onset early in childhood and early onset migraine is related to significant disability,
there is no research investigating the association between the age of migraine onset and
migraineurs’ cognitive decline. Therefore we aim to explore possible factors that correlate to the
cognitive function of migraineurs, especially focus on age of migraine onset.

Methods:

531 patients with migraine were included. Data on demographics and headache-related
characteristics were collected and evaluated using face-to-face interviews and questionnaires. We
used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale to assess cognitive function. In addition, we analyzed
independent correlations between cognitive decline and the age of migraine onset in patients
with migraine. And all patients completed the Headache Impact Test-6 to evaluate their quality of
life.

Results:

Migraineurs with cognitive decline showed significant differences from those without in
age (OR=1.26, P<0.0001), years of education (OR=0.89, P=0.0182), the intensity of headache
(OR=1.03, P=0.0217), age of onset (OR=0.92, P<0.0001) and anxiety scores (OR=1.09,
P=0.0235). Furthermore, there was no interaction in the age of onset between subgroups. Multivariate
linear regression analyses of HIT-6 scores showed that the intensity of headache (β=0.18,
P<.0001) and depression scores (β=0.26, P=0.0009) had independent effects on decreased quality
of life.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that younger age of migraine onset is independently related to
migraineurs’ cognitive decline, and migraine accompanying anxiety symptoms significantly
related to decreased quality of life in migraineurs.
Construction the A-B Bicyclic Ring Structure of Stemocurtisine
Authors: Xuan Duc Dau
Published: February 2020

In this paper, the synthesis of the A-B bicyclic ring structure 3 of the natural product
Stemocurtisine is described. The synthesis was accomplished in seven synthetic steps from commercially
available L-glutamic acid. The key step involved a borono-Mannich reaction between
the hemiaminal 6 and trans-β-styryl boronic acid and trans-β-styrylpotassiumtrifluoroborate to
prepare the cis diene 4. Attempts to prepare the A-B-C ring compound 2 via intramolecular epoxide
ring opening followed by rearrangement under different basic conditions were unsuccessful.
The only unreactive starting material was recovered.
Improvements in the Acylation of 3-Methylindole Using Amberlyst-15
Authors: Vargas Darío A. , Méndez Leticia J. , Cánepa Alicia S.
Published: February 2020

A simple and efficient methodology for Friedel-Crafts acylation of 3-methylindole using
Amberlyst 15 resin as catalyst is described. This methodology shows good selectivity towards the formation
of the products of 2-acylation, (3-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)ketones. Several advantages can be ascribed
to Amberlyst 15, among them; are the ease of handling, quick separation from the reaction mixture
and minimum or no production of the chemical residues that must be eliminated. Besides, the catalyst
can be easily recycled and reused with a minimal loss in activity through 6 reaction cycles. The
catalyst was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and superficial acidity.
A Green Alternative for Aryl Iodide Preparation from Aromatic Amines
Authors: Shahnavaz Zohreh , Zaharani Lia , Johan Mohd Rafie , Khaligh Nader Ghaffari
Published: February 2020

Background:

In continuation of our previous work and the applications of saccharin, we encouraged
to investigate the one-pot synthesis of the aryl iodides by the diazotization of the arene diazonium saccharin
salts.

Objective:

Arene diazonium salts play an important role in organic synthesis as intermediate and a wide variety
of aromatic compounds have been prepared using them. A serious drawback of arene diazonium salts is their
instability in a dry state; therefore, they must be stored and handled carefully to avoid spontaneous explosion
and other hazard events.

Methods:

The arene diazonium saccharin salts were prepared as active intermediates in situ through the
reaction of various aryl amines with tert-butyl nitrite (TBN) in the presence of saccharin (Sac–H). Then, in situ
obtained intermediates were used into the diazotization step without separation and purification in the current
protocol.

Results:

A variety of aryl iodides were synthesized at a greener and low-cost method in the presence of TBN,
Sac–H, glacial acetic acid, and TEAI.

Conclusion:

In summary, a telescopic reaction is developed for the synthesis of aryl iodides. The current
methodology is safe, cost-effective, broad substrate scope, and metal-free. All used reagents are commercially
available and inert to moisture and air. Also, the saccharine and tetraethylammonium cation could be partially
recovered from the reaction residue, which reduces waste generation, energy consumption, raw material, and
waste disposal costs.
Astaxanthin, the Natural Antioxidant, Reduces Reserpine Induced Depression in Mice
Authors: Khan Ferdous , Kuddus Syed A. , Shohag Md. H. , Reza Hasan M. , Hossain Murad
Published: February 2020

Background:

An imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants determines the level of
oxidative stress which is implicated in the etiopathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric disorders including
depression. Therefore, treatment with antioxidants could potentially improve the balance between
pro-oxidants and antioxidants.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of astaxanthin, a potential antioxidant,
to reduce reserpine-induced depression in BALB/c mice (Mus musculus).

Methods:

On the behavioral level, antidepressant property of astaxanthin (50 mg/kg, orally) on reserpine (2
mg/kg, subcutaneously) induced depressed mice was evaluated by Forced Swim Test (FST) and Tail Suspension
Test (TST). In the biochemical level, the ability of astaxanthin to mitigate reserpine-induced
oxidative stress was evaluated by the measurement of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in
brain, liver and plasma samples. On the other hand, the efficiency of astaxanthin to replenish glutathione
depletion and antioxidant enzyme activity augmentation in the same samples were also investigated.

Results:

Astaxanthin was able to lower reserpine induced immobility time significantly (p<0.05) in FST
and TST. Mice treated with astaxanthin showed significantly (p<0.05) low level of oxidative stress
markers such as Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO). Consistently, the level of reduced Glutathione
(GSH), and the activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and catalase were augmented due to
the oral administration of astaxanthin.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that astaxanthin reduces reserpine-induced oxidative stress and therefore
might be effective in treating oxidative stress associated depression.
Antiobesity Effect of Biochanin-A: Effect on Trace Element Metabolism in High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats
Authors: Antony Rathinasamy Jansy Isabella Rani , Uddandrao Veera Venkata Sathibabu , Raveendran Nivedha , Sasikumar Vadivukkarasi
Published: February 2020

Background:

Imbalanced diets have contributed to the increased prevalence of obesity and other metabolic disorders in the modern world including trace element metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.

Aim and Objectives :

The present study investigated the effects of Biochanin A (BCA) on the changes in element metabolism induced by HFD-induced obese rats.

Methods:

BCA was administered orally for 30 days to experimental obese rats. Changes in body weight, glucose, insulin resistance and lipid profiles of plasma, as well as the level of trace elements (Fe, Zn, Mg and Cu) in various tissues (liver, kidney, heart and pancreas) and hepsidine and heme oxygenase, were observed in experimental rats.

Results:

The administration of BCA elicited a significant (p<0.05) reduction in, glucose, insulin, ferritin, total cholesterol, phospholipids, free fatty acids, VLDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides and hepsidin. Significant alterations were observed in trace elements level, HDL-C, transferrin, bilirubin and HO - 1 level.

Conclusion:

These findings suggested that HFD results in derangement of trace elements in the tissues of rats fed with HFD. BCA may alleviate the derangement of HFD induced trace elements metabolism by modulating hyperglycemic and insulin resistance status and altering hepcidin and HO-1.
Optimization of a Novel Nakagami-m Fading Affected Multiuser Cognitive Radio System Using a New Hybrid DE/BBO/SA
Authors: Kaur Kiranjot , Rattan Munish , Patterh Manjeet S.
Published: February 2020

Background and Objective:

This communication introduces a multiple secondary user
(SU) cognitive radio (CR) system in a dynamic fading environment, specifically Nakagami-m fading.
The transmission parameters of the CR system are optimized to turn it into an optimal design.

Methods:

For this purpose, a new hybrid of differential evolution, biogeography-based optimization
with simulated annealing, namely DE/BBO/SA is proposed. The suggested method searches the best
CR parameter values while accomplishing general communication objectives. Fitness functions of
these objectives are modified to include fading as well as to accommodate multiple carriers.

Results and Conclusion:

DE/BBO/SA generated results in terms of optimized parameters, fitness
core and values of the objectives are compared with the ones acquired by other available techniques
in the literature to show the efficacy of DE/BBO/SA in cognitive radio optimization. The
performances are further validated by conducting a non-parametric statistical test to prove the use
of proposed technique for solving CR problem.
A Novel Poly(Ionic Liquid) as the Thermal Insulating Material
Authors: Wei Wenxin , Ma Guifeng , Wang Hongtao , Li Jun
Published: February 2020

Objective:

A new poly(ionic liquid)(PIL), poly(p-vinylbenzyltriphenylphosphine
hexafluorophosphate) (P[VBTPP][PF6]), was synthesized by quaternization, anion exchange
reaction, and free radical polymerization. Then a series of the PIL were synthesized at different
conditions.

Methods:

The specific heat capacity, glass-transition temperature and melting temperature of
the synthesized PILs were measured by differential scanning calorimeter. The thermal conductivities
of the PILs were measured by the laser flash analysis method.

Results:

Results showed that, under optimized synthesis conditions, P[VBTPP][PF6] as the
thermal insulator had a high glass-transition temperature of 210.1°C, high melting point of
421.6°C, and a low thermal conductivity of 0.0920 W m-1 K-1 at 40.0°C (it was 0.105 W m-1
K-1 even at 180.0°C). The foamed sample exhibited much low thermal conductivity
λ=0.0340 W m-1 K-1 at room temperature, which was comparable to a commercial polyurethane
thermal insulating material although the latter had a much lower density.

Conclusion:

In addition, mixing the P[VBTPP][PF6] sample into polypropylene could obviously
increase the Oxygen Index, revealing its efficient flame resistance. Therefore,
P[VBTPP][PF6] is a potential thermal insulating material.
Effect of Lipase Treatment on Physical and Dyeing Properties of Cellulose Acetate Fabric
Authors: Zolriasatein Ali Akbar
Published: February 2020

Objective:

Cellulose acetate fabric was bio-treated by lipase enzyme. Afterwards,
untreated and bio-treated fabrics were dyed with direct and disperse dyes to study the treatment
effect.

Methods:

Bending length, fabric thickness, tensile strength and dyeing properties of the biotreated
fabrics were studied. Change in the morphology of fibers was observed by SEM after
enzymatic deacetylation.

Results:

Enzymatic deacetylation of cellulose acetate fibers led to an improvement in hydrophilicity.
The whiteness index of cellulose acetate fabric slightly decreased from 95.81 to
95.79 after bio-pretreatment. Lipase pre-treatment also caused an increase in fiber diameter
of up to 54.80%. Bending length decreased from 1.95 to 1.80 cm after enzymatic treatment
while the number of threads per centimeter and fabric thickness increased. Bio-treated fabric
showed lower tensile strength in comparison to untreated fabric.

Conclusion:

The lipase pretreatment increased the color strength by 19.04% and 18.50% for
direct and disperse dyes respectively.
Prestar en tiempos de guerra, cambio institucional y transformaciones sociopolíticas. El crédito notarial en Salta 1810-1835
Authors: Anachuri Marcelo Gabriel
Published: February 2020

Este artículo se propone analizar la dinámica crediticia en la ciudad de Salta (Argentina) ante los sucesos revolucionarios de 1810, momento en el cual se asistió a un estancamiento económico y reordenamiento de los antiguos circuitos comerciales en la región del Tucumán, hasta 1835, año en el cual se evidencia una gradual recuperación. Se propone ahondar en interrogantes sobre los cuales se considera que el crédito notarial arroja luz acerca de la incidencia de la economía local sobre los cambios políticos e institucionales tras el desmoronamiento del orden virreinal y la creciente desigualdad regional en el virreinato del Río de la Plata. Lo anterior permitirá analizar el influjo del cambio, la transformación y las continuidades sobre una economía de Antiguo Régimen, con base en en la dimensión estructural-relacional del crédito y su correlación con la dinámica comercial a la cual financió. Se relevó documentación inédita, como la totalidad de compromisos crediticios registrados y las obligaciones de pago ante los escribanos locales resguardadas hoy en el Archivo Histórico de Salta. Por sus características notariales, estas escrituras permite identificar la evolución de aristas fundamentales del crédito, tales como plazos estipulados, destino del préstamo, garantías exigidas, tasas de interés y distribución espacial, así como reconstruir las relaciones sociales desde el universo relacional de los agentes que concentraron mayor transacciones crediticias.
The dual-design-based pneumatic simulator as supporting media for electro-pneumatic practicum in vocational higher education
Authors: Ramdani Sulaeman Deni , Pangestu Angga , Abizar Haris
Published: February 2020

This study aims to: (1) determine the process of developing a learning media simulator for electro-pneumatic systems based on dual design, (2) knowing the effectiveness of learning media in the form of electro-pneumatic system simulators based on dual design. This research is a research and development adapted from the 4D development model, namely Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate. The subjects of this study were students of Mechanical Engineering Education in Semester IV and V with 30 students taking pneumatic hydraulic courses. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaires and interviews with research instruments in the form of interview guidelines and questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed with descriptive quantitative. The results showed (1) The results of the development of learning media for electro-pneumatic system simulators based on Dual Design as supporting media for electro-pneumatic practices produced 3 main components, namely the working system in the pneumatic electro system, wiring diagrams and electrical circuits, (2) the feasibility results of expert validation media is 84% (Very Good), expert material validation is 92% (Very Good), and user validation is 86% (Very Good). So, the learning media for electro-pneumatic system simulator is feasible as a learning media in pneumatic hydraulic courses.
Classification and Prediction of Violence Against Chinese Medical Staff on the Sina Microblog Based on a Self-Organizing Map: Quantitative Study
Authors: Duan Guimin , Liao Xin , Yu Weiping , Li Guihua
Published: February 2020

Background

For the last decade, doctor-patient contradiction in China has remained prominent, and workplace violence toward medical staff still occurs frequently. However, little is known about the types and laws of propagation of violence against medical staff online.

Objective

By using a self-organizing map (SOM), we aimed to explore the microblog propagation law for violent incidents in China that involve medical staff, to classify the types of incidents and provide a basis for rapidly and accurately predicting trends in public opinion and developing corresponding measures to improve the relationship between doctors and patients.

Methods

For this study, we selected 60 cases of violent incidents in China involving medical staff that led to heated discussions on the Sina microblog from 2011 to 2018, searched the web data of the microblog using crawler software, recorded the amount of new tweets every 2 hours, and used the SOM neural network to cluster the number of tweets. Polynomial and exponential functions in MATLAB software were applied to predict and analyze the data.

Results

Trends in the propagation of online public opinion regarding the violent incidents were categorized into 8 types: bluff, waterfall, zigzag, steep, abrupt, wave, steep slope, and long slope. The communications exhibited different characteristics. The prediction effect of 4 types of incidents (ie, bluff, waterfall, zigzag, and steep slope) was good and accorded with actual spreading trends.

Conclusions

Our study found that the more serious the consequences of a violent incident, such as a serious injury or death, the more attention it drew on the microblog, the faster was its propagation speed, and the longer was its duration. In these cases, the propagation types were mostly steep slope, long slope, and zigzag. In addition, the more serious the consequences of a violent incident, the higher popularity it exhibited on the microblog. The popularity within a week was significantly higher for acts resulting from patients’ dissatisfaction with treatments than for acts resulting from nontherapeutic incidents.
Developing SMS Content to Promote Papanicolaou Triage Among Women Who Performed HPV Self-collection Test: Qualitative Study
Authors: Sanchez Antelo Victoria , Kohler Racquel E , Curotto Mariana , Viswanath Kasisomayajula "Vish" , Paolino Melisa , Arrossi Silvina
Published: February 2020

Background

SMS interventions are effective in promoting a variety of health behaviors; however, there is limited information regarding the use of SMS for cervical cancer screening and follow-up care. The Application of Communication and Information Technologies to Self-Collection study aims to evaluate a multicomponent mobile health intervention to increase triage adherence among women with human papillomavirus (HPV)–positive self-collected tests in Jujuy, Argentina. Here, we describe the formative results used to design the content of the SMS to be tested in the trial.

Objective

This study aimed to understand the cultural and contextual elements, women’s beliefs, and perceptions regarding the use of SMS by the health care system and women’s preferences about the message content.

Methods

We conducted five focus groups (FGs), stratified by rural or urban residence and age. All participants were aged 30 years or older and had performed HPV self-collection. Participatory techniques, including brainstorming, card-based classification, and discussions were used to debate the advantages and disadvantages of messages. We openly coded the discussions for agreements and preferences regarding the SMS content. Messages for both HPV-negative and HPV-positive women were validated through interviews with health authorities and 14 HPV-tested women. The final versions of the messages were pilot-tested.

Results

A total of 48 women participated in the FGs. Participants rejected receiving both negative and positive HPV results by SMS because, for them, the delivery of results should be done in a face-to-face interaction with health professionals. They stressed the importance of the SMS content informing them that results were available for pick up and reflecting the kind of relationship that they have with the community health workers and the nearest health center. Women considered that a personalized SMS was important, as was the use of a formal yet warm tone. Owing to confidentiality issues, not using the word “HPV” was also a key component of the desired SMS content; therefore, the final message included the term “self-collection” without the mention of HPV infection. Results from the validation stage and pilot test showed high acceptability of the final version of the message.

Conclusions

The results suggest that SMS is accepted when notifying women about the availability of the HPV test result, but it should not replace the delivery of results in face-to-face, doctor-patient encounters. In addition, messages must be tailored and must have a persuasive tone to motivate women to adhere to the triage.
Assisting Home-Based Resistance Training for Normotensive and Prehypertensive Individuals Using Ambient Lighting and Sonification Feedback: Sensor-Based System Evaluation
Authors: Radha Mustafa , den Boer Niels , Willemsen Martijn C , Paardekooper Thom , IJsselsteijn Wijnand A , Sartor Francesco
Published: February 2020

Background

Physical exercise is an effective lifestyle intervention to improve blood pressure. Although aerobic sports can be performed anywhere, resistance exercises are traditionally performed at the gym; extending the latter to the home setting may promote an increase in the number of practitioners.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate a sensor-based system that guides resistance exercises through ambient lighting and sonification (A/S) feedback in a home setting in 34 study participants who were normotensive and prehypertensive.

Methods

Participants took part in a 1.5-hour exercise session in which they experienced the A/S feedback (ie, experimental condition) as well as a control condition (ie, no feedback) and a reference condition (ie, verbal feedback through a human remote coach). The system was evaluated for improving exercise form (range of motion, timing, and breathing patterns) as well as psychophysiological experience (perceived exertion, attentional focus, competence, and motivation).

Results

A/S feedback was significantly better than the control for concentric (mean 2.48, SD 0.75 seconds; P<.001) and eccentric (mean 2.92, SD 1.05 seconds; P<.001) contraction times, concentric range of motion consistency (mean 15.64, SD 8.31 cm vs mean 17.94, SD 9.75 cm; P<.001), and perceived exertion (mean 3.37, SD 0.78 vs mean 3.64, SD 0.76; P<.001). However, A/S feedback did not outperform verbal feedback on any of these measures. The breathing technique was best in the control condition (ie, without any feedback). Participants did not show more positive changes in perceived competence with A/S feedback or verbal feedback.

Conclusions

The system seemed to improve resistance exercise execution and perception in comparison with the control, but did not outperform a human tele-coach. Further research is warranted to improve the breathing technique.
An Electronic Clinical Decision Support System for the Management of Low Back Pain in Community Pharmacy: Development and Mixed Methods Feasibility Study
Authors: Downie Aron Simon , Hancock Mark , Abdel Shaheed Christina , McLachlan Andrew J , Kocaballi Ahmet Baki , Williams Christopher M , Michaleff Zoe A , Maher Chris G
Published: February 2020

Background

People with low back pain (LBP) in the community often do not receive evidence-based advice and management. Community pharmacists can play an important role in supporting people with LBP as pharmacists are easily accessible to provide first-line care. However, previous research suggests that pharmacists may not consistently deliver advice that is concordant with guideline recommendations and may demonstrate difficulty determining which patients require prompt medical review. A clinical decision support system (CDSS) may enhance first-line care of LBP, but none exists to support the community pharmacist–client consultation.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a CDSS to guide first-line care of LBP in the community pharmacy setting and to evaluate the pharmacist-reported usability and acceptance of the prototype system.

Methods

A cross-platform Web app for the Apple iPad was developed in conjunction with academic and clinical experts using an iterative user-centered design process during interface design, clinical reasoning, program development, and evaluation. The CDSS was evaluated via one-to-one user-testing with 5 community pharmacists (5 case vignettes each). Data were collected via video recording, screen capture, survey instrument (system usability scale), and direct observation.

Results

Pharmacists’ agreement with CDSS-generated self-care recommendations was 90% (18/20), with medicines recommendations was 100% (25/25), and with referral advice was 88% (22/25; total 70 recommendations). Pharmacists expressed uncertainty when screening for serious pathology in 40% (10/25) of cases. Pharmacists requested more direction from the CDSS in relation to automated prompts for user input and page navigation. Overall system usability was rated as excellent (mean score 92/100, SD 6.5; 90th percentile compared with similar systems), with acceptance rated as good to excellent.

Conclusions

A novel CDSS (high-fidelity prototype) to enhance pharmacist care of LBP was developed, underpinned by clinical practice guidelines and informed by a multidisciplinary team of experts. User-testing revealed a high level of usability and acceptance of the prototype system, with suggestions to improve interface prompts and information delivery. The small study sample limits the generalizability of the findings but offers important insights to inform the next stage of system development.
Dementia-Related Products on an e-Commerce Platform
Authors: Woo Benjamin K P
Published: February 2020

Dementia is a neurocognitive disorder, which affects older adults. There are currently no medication treatments available to cure dementia, but a number of biomedical technologies could be useful in assisting patients with dementia. With the continued growth of electronic commerce (e-commerce), online shopping for aging and health-related products will only continue to increase. Using the Tmall marketplace as an example, the purpose of this viewpoint is to describe the current trends of dementia-related products and devices available on an e-commerce platform. Feedback and critiques in the form of consumer reviews should be used to improve the design of dementia-related products. Online medical product consumers, however, must be vigilant about the effectiveness and risks of these biomedical devices.
Follow-Up of Cancer Patients Receiving Anti-PD-(L)1 Therapy Using an Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes Tool (KISS): Prospective Feasibility Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Iivanainen Sanna , Alanko Tuomo , Vihinen Pia , Konkola Teemu , Ekstrom Jussi , Virtanen Henri , Koivunen Jussi
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a standard of care for various tumor types. Their unique spectrum of side effects demands continuous and long-lasting assessment of symptoms. Electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) follow-up has been shown to improve survival and quality of life of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate whether ePRO follow-up of cancer patients treated with ICIs is feasible. The study analyzed (1) the variety of patient reported symptoms, (2) etiology of alerts, (3) symptom correlations, and (4) patient compliance.

METHODS

In this prospective, one-arm, multi-institutional study, we recruited adult cancer patients whose advanced cancer was treated with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD)- ligand (L)1 agents in outpatient settings. The ePRO tool consisted of a weekly questionnaire evaluating the presence of typical side effects, with an algorithm assessing the severity of the symptom according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and an urgency algorithm sending alerts to the care team. A patient experience survey was conducted monthly. The patients were followed up to 6 months or until disease progression.

RESULTS

A total of 889 symptom questionnaires was completed by 37 patients (lung cancer, n=15; melanoma, n=9; genitourinary cancer, n=9; head and neck cancer, n=4). Patients showed good adherence to ePRO follow-up. The most common grade 1 symptoms were fatigue (28%) and itching (13%), grade 2 symptoms were loss of appetite (12%) and nausea (12%), and grade 3-4 symptoms were cough (6%) and loss of appetite (4%). The most common reasons for alerts were loss of appetite and shortness of breath. In the treatment benefit analysis, positive correlations were seen between clinical benefit and itching as well as progressive disease and chest pain.

CONCLUSIONS

According to the results, ePRO follow-up of cancer patients receiving ICIs is feasible. ePROs capture a wide range of symptoms. Some symptoms correlate to treatment benefit, suggesting that individual prediction models could be generated.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Trials Register, NCT3928938; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03928938
The beginning of the great Patriotic war in the memoirs of military surveyors
Authors: Nikonov A.V. , Vashchalova T.V. , Dolgov E.I. , Sergeev S.V.
Published: February 2020

On the eve of the 75th anniversary of the victory of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic war, the events of it continue to live in people’s memory, and its veterans are still the best examples of patriotism and true serving the Motherland. It seems relevant to take a look at the events of the first days of the war with the eyes of their witnesses. The authors describe the events of June and July 1941, presented in the memoirs of the militaries who served in the Red Army Military topographic service, and performed topographic works in the border zone in a significant separation from their military units and staffs. On the basis of the collected material the authors show the participation of topographic units in the fighting of the first days of the war, provide the data on the losses of the Red Army Military topographic service in the starting period of the war. The article is devoted to the memory of the officers and soldiers, who selflessly did their duty in the beginning of the Great Patriotic war.
Cultura y comunicación: una aproximación a la danza como forma de comunicación en Bolivia
Authors: Terán Karla Andrea , Wendpap Aline
Published: February 2020

Desde diferentes puntos de vista teóricos, la presente obra busca llevar a cabo un proyecto analítico que, desde el folclore (danza), abre un conjunto de reflexiones y debates sobre cómo desarrollan procesos de comunicación y aprendizaje, en el momento en que Individuos y grupos humanos interactúan emitiendo y recibiendo mensajes, información, cultura, entre otros. Basado en construcciones teóricas de Bateson, Schutz, Luckmann y otros autores, el análisis del folclore y sus expresiones culturales vinculadas a la danza, para la comprensión del contexto, la historia, sus personajes, significados y muchos otros elementos que componen Eventos sociales particularmente asociados con los entrantes folklóricos en Bolivia.
Visualização de coleção de imagens
Authors: Velho Luiz , Rabetti Giannella Júlia
Published: February 2020

A captura ou a elaboração de uma imagem pode ser realizada por diversas técnicas: fotografia, pintura, colagem, computação gráfica ou outra forma artística. No âmbito digital, imagens caracterizam-se por serem matrizes numéricas em pixels que podem ser processadas computacionalmente para análise e, inclusive, síntese em novos objetos de mídia. Também no âmbito digital, a produção imagética multiplica-se e diversifica-se. Neste artigo, apresentamos dois conceitos que inauguram possibilidades para ressignificar a produção e a distribuição de imagens no contexto digital: coleção de imagens e visualização de mídia. Para ilustrar tais conceitos, discutimos duas investigações de natureza teórica-prática conduzidas entre 2016 e 2019 no Laboratório de Visão e Computação Gráfica (Visgraf) do Instituto de Matemática Pura e Aplicada (IMPA).
A memória discursiva na construção do sujeito neoliberal feminino: ditos e não ditos da campanha “Silicone Seguro”
Authors: Lovato Sabina
Published: February 2020

Neste fragmento de nossa pesquisa de mestrado, discutimos de que forma a memória discursiva é mobilizada em discursos midiáticos sobre beleza e saúde. Para tanto, analisamos textos verbais e não verbais do discurso da campanha “Silicone Seguro”, da Johnson & Johnson, a partir dos ditos e não ditos que convocam o sujeito neoliberal feminino ideal (DARDOT E LAVAL, 2016; ELIAS, GILL, SCHARFF, 2017; PRADO, 2013). Defendemos que o labor estético exigido às mulheres para serem consideradas bem-sucedidas na contemporaneidade é ressignificado em “Silicone Seguro” como empoderamento feminino, por meio de uma estratégia discursiva que mobiliza afetos positivos e aspectos dos feminismos para inculcar a mentalidade neoliberal do empreendedorismo de si, utilizando a força e a potência de agência das mulheres como catalisadores de individualismo e desempenho. Neste discurso, a mulher é posicionada como empoderada na medida em que se conforma com antigas normas de feminilidade e de conduta, ainda presentes na memória discursiva de uma sociedade considerada machista.
Ciberativismo em diabetes e a participação social na saúde através das mídias digitais
Authors: Aligieri Débora , Louvison Marília Cristina Prado , Silva Eduardo Alves
Published: February 2020

O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) tem por uma de suas diretrizes a participação da comunidade, correspondente ao processo e aos mecanismos de influência da sociedade sobre o Estado. Constituindo-se como espaço de debates complementar às arenas formais de negociação integrantes da institucionalidade de governo/Estado, a internet renovou as perspectivas para a comunicação em saúde ao ampliar as arenas de lutas sociais. Na sociedade em rede a política passa a ser inserida na mídia, alterando-se o perfil dos participantes dos movimentos sociais de militantes para ativistas. Considerando este contexto, o presente estudo analisa as narrativas produzidas na rede social Facebook por portadores de diabetes (doença crônica com prevalência crescente no mundo) brasileiros, buscando entender como articulam suas experiências de convívio com a doença na luta política por direitos relacionados à saúde e como se constituem enquanto atores sociais da saúde. Foram encontrados como tipos de atores sociais do diabetes: usuários da saúde, organizações de saúde, mídia, profissionais de saúde, comércio e academia. Apesar das ressalvas que vem sendo levantadas em relação ao controle do acesso aos conteúdos produzidos nas redes sociais pelos administradores das plataformas, é preciso reconhecer estes espaços como arenas de disputa onde os usuários da saúde tem participação relevante na discussão da política pública de saúde como produtores legítimos de conhecimentos em saúde por meio de suas experiências práticas da vida cotidiana.
О линейной независимости значений некоторых гипергеометрических функций над мнимым квадратичным полем
Authors: Иванков Павел Леонидович
Published: February 2020

Основная трудность, с которой приходится иметь дело при исследовании арифметической природы значений обобщенных гипергеометрических функций с иррациональными параметрами, состоит в том, что общий наименьший знаменатель нескольких первых коэффициентов соответствующих степенных рядов растет слишком быстро с увеличением числа этих коэффициентов. Последнее обстоятельство делает невозможным использование известного в теории трансцендентных чисел метода Зигеля для проведения упомянутого исследования. Применение названного метода предполагает использование принципа Дирихле для построения функциональной линейной приближающей формы. Это построение является первым этапом длинного и сложного рассуждения, приводящего в конечном итоге к получению требуемого арифметического результата. Попытка применить принцип Дирихле в случае функций с иррациональными параметрами наталкивается на непреодолимые трудности из-за упомянутого выше слишком быстрого роста общего наименьшего знаменателя коэффициентов соответствующих рядов Тейлора. Вследствие этого в случае функций с иррациональными параметрами обычно применяют эффективное построение линейной приближающей формы (или совокупности таких форм при использовании совместных приближений). Коэффициенты построенной формы являются многочленами с алгебраическими коэффициентами. Для общего наименьшего знаменателя этих коэффициентов требуется затем получить приемлемую оценку сверху его абсолютной величины. Известные оценки такого рода нуждаются в некоторых случаях в уточнении. Это уточнение осуществляется с применением теории делимости в квадратичных полях; дополнительно используются сведения о распределении простых чисел в арифметической прогрессии. В настоящей работе рассматривается один из вариантов эффективного построения совместных приближений для гипергеометрической функции общего вида и ее производных. Общий наименьший знаменатель коэффициентов многочленов, входящих в эти приближения, оценивается затем с помощью уточненного варианта соответствующей леммы. Все это позволяет получить новый результат об арифметической природе значений указанной функции в малой по абсолютной величине ненулевой точке мнимого квадратичного поля.
Основные понятия и теоремы геометрии чисел
Authors: Малышев Александр Васильевич
Published: February 2020

Этот краткий обзор содержит описание важнейших понятий геометрии чисел и ее главные предложения. Сюда не включена геометрия квадратичных форм — интересный, но специальный раздел теории чисел (и геометрии), стоящий на стыке геометрии чисел и теории квадратичных форм.
К проблеме устойчивости периодического решения в условиях бифуркации Хопфа
Authors: Абрамов Владимир Викторович , Лискина Екатерина Юрьевна , Мамонов Сергей Станиславович
Published: February 2020

Данная работа посвящена проблеме устойчивости малого периодического решения нормальной автономной системы обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений. При исследовании устойчивости периодического решения автономной системы естественно анализировать локальную динамику пересечений возмущенных траекторий с ортогональными сечениями соответствующего цикла. Путем введения специальной системы координат, в которой одна из осей направлена по касательной к траектории периодического решения, задача об орбитальной устойчивости периодического решения сводится к задаче об устойчивости по Ляпунову нулевого решения вспомогательной системы с периодической по t правой частью. Для вспомогательной системы, размерность которой на единицу меньше размерности исходной системы, в линейном приближении вопрос об устойчивости нулевого решения сводится к оценке мультипликаторов матрицы монодромии. Таким образом, по теореме Андронова — Витта реализуется классический подход к исследованию орбитальной устойчивости периодического решения. При этом имеет место некритический случай орбитальной устойчивости. Такой подход традиционно используется и в условиях бифуркации типа Хопфа для систем с параметром. В данной работе для автономной системы с параметром получены условия бифуркации малого решения, период которого близок к периоду решений соответствующей линейной однородной системы. Сформулировано определение свойства орбитальной устойчивости по параметру, согласно которому возмущенные правые полутраектории сколь угодно близки к исследуемому циклу не только за счет малости возмущений начальных значений, но и за счет малости параметра. При этом использована идея ослабления требований определения устойчивости ляпуновского типа, предложенная М.М. Хапаевым. Свойство орбитальной устойчивости по параметру может иметь место и при наличии орбитальной неустойчивости исследуемого цикла в классическом смысле. Для исследования орбитальной устойчивости малого периодического решения по параметру использовано нелинейное приближение упомянутой выше вспомогательной системы возмущенных движений.