bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Russian-Language Writers in the Transnational Literary Space of Belarus in the 1920s–early 1930s: Paradoxes and the Inevitability of the Collective Project’s Failure
Authors: Veryna Ulyana
Published: February 2024

In the years 1922–1936 in the Belarusian Soviet republic there were four official languages: Belarusian, Yiddish, Polish and Russian. There were educational institutions, theatres, print publishing houses and literary organizations of national minorities, including Latvian and Lithuanian. Russian-speaking authors who started in the circles of workers’ correspondents (rabkors) and literary studios, by 1926 formed the group “Zvenya” (“Links”), from which in 1927 the group “Minsky Pereval” (“Minsk Pass”) was separated. In the studies devoted to the Belarusian-Russian literary interrelations and the history of Russian-language literature in Belarus, the activities of this group are not presented. The article fills this gap and offers new aspects for considering the problem of Belarusian-Russian relations and non-Belarusianlanguage literature in Belarus. Despite a significant number of studies, both problems remain relevant. The material of the article controverts the ideologically biased position that considers Belarus as an indigenous part of the “Russian world”, and at the same time proposes a popular one in literary studies in relation to the period of the 16th–19th centuries (sometimes also the 20th century) the concept of “multilingual literature of Belarus”. The article traces the stages of the institutionalized existence of Russian-speaking group in the Belarusian literary space, from contradictory relations with the influential association “Maladniak” (“Saplings”) to the establishment of the Union of Soviet Writers (1934). It was used the archival documents, publications of Russian-language authors of the 1920s and early 1930s, and the verbatim report of the First Congress of Soviet Writers.
A Radical Change in the Belavieža Cultural Tradition: The Inventive and Provocative Verse of Viktar Siamaška
Authors: McMillin Arnold
Published: February 2024

The poetry of Viktar Siamaška brings a strong and radically new contribution to the literary heritage of the Bielavieža group of Belarusian writers in eastern Poland. His mainly short, even minimalist, verses strike fresh and unconventional notes, rich in wordplay, euphony, anaphora and palindromes in all the themes he tackles, such as family, ageing and death, religion (particularly his Catholic faith), urban and rural life, the latter including many fantastic, personified images; his view of the city is dyspeptic from Moscow to Paris with Miensk in the centre. Musician and journalist as well as avant-garde poet, his five books to date (2010–2023) are both challenging and stimulating. Adventurous in form on the page, their lexical range is broad, not least in the use of non-standard, previously taboo words. A whole study could be made of Siamaška’s fantastic imagery and metaphoric structures, but the present study is devoted only to an overall picture of his poetic achievement to date.
In the Vortex of History – an Individual Against the Backdrop of Groundbreaking Events. The Image of Protests in 2020 in Contemporary Belarusian Literature on the Example of Selected Stories from the Volume „Ператрус у музэі” (“A Police Search in the Museum”) by Alhierd Bakharevich
Authors: Drozd-Urbańska Katarzyna Anna
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the protests after the falsified presidential elections in Belarus in 2020 on the example of a collection of stories by Alhierd Bakharevich “A Police Search in the Museum”. Particular attention is paid to the creation of heroes, as well as the entanglement of the individual in history. The characters are divided into two groups: ordinary people who, despite their fear, decided to participate in demonstrations, and people struggling with the hardships of everyday existence, who, despite their lack of political involvement, become the subject of interest of representatives of the authoritarian power. The collection of stories, published in 2023, introduces a new direction in contemporary Belarusian prose related to protests. The analyzed work has not yet been the subject of in-depth reflection in literary studies. A traditional comparative analysis was used, where the decisive criterion was the positioning in relation to the role of executioner – victim. The aim of the article is to point out that the heroes of social protests were ordinary people who were pushed into action by their disagreement over the open violation of freedom of choice and the inability to decide on their fate, or the brutality of the representatives of the authorities. In the stories, there are characters expressing both individual and collective experience. The created characters and their adventures are therefore a literary record of events related to the post-election protests and everyday existence. The analysis proved that in the image of the protests, special attention was paid to a man and the role of history in his life. The characters created are ordinary people, representatives of various professions and social classes. These are not individuals whose character traits would make them stand out from society. These are average people who are unable to accept the actions of the authorities any longer. The past is largely absent, as it is only marginally remembered. Such an approach allows us to emphasize the role of ongoing events and indicates that they determine a person’s life.
The Venetian Bible – „Bibliya ruska” by Francysk Skaryna: Mechanical Reflection or Creative Reworking?
Authors: Kozhinowa Alla
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to some features of the translation technique used by the famous forerunner of Belarusian printing Francysk Skaryna when translating the Holy Scriptures. Francysk Skaryna is one of the greatest figures of Belarusian Renaissance. Numerous scientific investigations have been devoted to his work, but his legacy still remains terra incognita. One of the questions concerns the original he used when translating the Holy Scriptures – the ancient Hebrew Masoretic text, the Septuagint, the Vulgate, the Czech translation of the Bible, or the Bible in the Church Slavonic language? The article presents the results of the textual analysis of the Book of Job, the Book of the prophet Daniel, and the Book of Ecclesiastes, as well as numerous examples of Skaryna’s use of the Czech translation of the Bible. It should be noted that in some cases when translating well known passages, he used the Church Slavonic translation of the Holy Scriptures. Frequent lexical elements and collocations from the Old Church Slavonic canon entered Skaryna’s translation of the Bible. The article concludes that it was the archaic of Church Slavonic text of the Bible that prompted Skaryna to reach for another, more modern version – the Czech translation. As a result, a hybrid text was created, in which both Church Slavonic and Czech elements were presented at the lexical level.
Engaging Epistemic Tensions in Graduate Education
Authors: Diaz Lucas , McBride Ryan , Soto-Olson Diana , Nance Agnieszka
Published: February 2024

Productive tensions with traditional academic practices develop from a graduate certificate program in community engagement at Tulane University. The program offers an alternative approach to graduate education by fostering community, epistemic justice, and care for the whole person through sustained interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary conversations and collaborations. A 2021-22 survey of current and prior program participants in the graduate certificate program documents a variety of tensions that arise when the graduate certificate program is compared to students’ other experiences with graduate school at Tulane.
 
Analysis relies on theories and concepts of epistemic injustice, decolonizing methodologies and community engagement, which enables interpretation of results. We find that results point to the Tulane Mellon Graduate Program in Community-Engaged Scholarship’s differences in approaches as compared to traditional graduate educational experiences at Tulane, offering insights into more ethical and humane possibilities for graduate education generally as well as particular insights into community-engaged graduate education. These insights would be useful to graduate program directors, graduate students, community-engagement advocates, and administrators interested in connecting their universities to local communities through ethically informed scholarly collaborations.
Difficult Conversation
Authors: Guarasci Richard
Published: February 2024

Apart from all the legal semantics, the recent U.S. Supreme Court decisions on affirmative action and student debt, when considered together, are, in effect, an attack on economic justice. The social brunt of both decisions likely will impact student access, affordability and educational attainment significantly, particularly for those at the perimeters of the American economy. In the name of increasing opportunity, the Supreme Court’s “originalist” majority opinion claims that a “race-free” approach eliminates discrimination in college admissions. The minority opinion of Judge Jackson refuted this ahistorical claim by restating that the fourteenth amendment to the U.S. Constitution, most definitely a race-specific one, addressed the racial foundations of a formal bondage system of legalized slavery in the United States. The Fourteenth clearly acknowledges the need to rebalance the legal playing field to establish a realistic “equality of opportunity.” A century later, the policy of affirmative action aimed at continuing that process after years of the Jim Crow practice of “separate but equal” that was established in the Court’s 1896 decision in Plessy v Ferguson. By 2023, it is clear that racial inequality remains embedded in the American educational system and throughout its economy and society.
Navigating the Tensions of Community Engagement Evaluation through Culturally Responsive and Equity-Oriented Approaches
Authors: Kuttner Paul , Denzongpa Kunga , Wells Alan
Published: February 2024

For decades, community-campus partnerships have helped transform traditional notions of research. Through approaches such as community-based participatory research (CBPR), decolonizing methodologies, and participatory action research (PAR), community and academic partners have expanded the confines of expertise, centering local, experiential, Indigenous, and professional knowledge in research (Fine & Torre, 2021; Minkler & Wallerstein, 2011; Stanton, 2014). Voices in our field have challenged narrow conceptualizations of who is a “researcher” (Blodgett et al., 2011; Ishimaru & Bang, 2022), redefined concepts like validity to account for the process and impact of research-in-action (Anderson & Herr, 1999; Torre et al., 2012), critiqued racist and colonial practices embedded in traditional research approaches (Chilisa, 2019; Darroch & Giles, 2014), and expanded what research products look like beyond the narrow confines of academic publishing (Chen et al., 2010).
Model Applied to the Purchasing Area Using Lean Service and Six Sigma to Improve Gross Margin in a Company in the Hotel Sector
Authors:   Factultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad de Lima, Peru, Quiroz-Flores Juan Carlos
Published: February 2024

This research was carried out to determine proposals for improving the gross margin within a company in the hotel sector in Lima, applying the Lean Service and Six Sigma DMAIC methodologies, whose combined approaches provide a global approach to the analysis of the company and helps to extend the improvements to the other areas of this. The area chosen to carry out the DMAIC analysis (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) was the purchase one, since this presents a greater number of problems, caused by the low levels of quality offered by suppliers and by the poor management of this, harming the service provided to customers. The techniques chosen for the solution of the root causes of these problems have historically been successfully applied in the manufacturing industry; however, it has not been until recent years that these were also considered for application in companies in the service sector, so the objective of this article is to demonstrate, complementing past research, that these methodologies can have the same success in both sectors.
Detecting suspected scaphoid fractures? the role of different imaging modalities within a district general hospital during the pandemic
Authors: Mansoor Tihami , Khan Hamzah , Sidhu Gur , Ashwood Neil , Kitsis Christos
Published: February 2024

Background: This study evaluates the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) versus computerised tomography (CT) scans for persistent wrist pain at the thumb base following injury in adults and children during covid. This was part of a pathway introduced as access to MRI scan was limited.
Methods: Patients were identified as having possible scaphoid fractures within the emergency department but had no fracture identified on initial imaging over a 3-month period. These were triaged to a scaphoid pathway during the covid pandemic from a virtual clinic. Patients were reviewed clinically and radiographically within the hand clinic using further imaging with CT or MRI scan.
Results: During the study time 45 patients with scaphoid fractures were detected on initial radiography in ED and 187 with suspected scaphoid fractures were selected for further review. Ninety (48%) were referred to the hand clinic where 2 (1%) scaphoid fractures were diagnosed on a second radiograph and ninety-seven (52%) were to be seen in an upper limb clinic where 2 (1%) further fractures were detected. 92% of scaphoid fractures were identified on radiography either in ED or orthopaedic clinic. Of the remaining 178 with two negative radiographs further imaging was requested in 45 cases (25%). Pathology was found in 17 (58%) MRI scans and in 7 (39%) CT scans.
Conclusions: Imaging needs to be timely to enable effective treatment. Obtaining MRI scans while diagnostically superior is not always achievable especially in times of resource depletion. Back up pathways using alternative imaging can be effective.
Outcome of dynamic locked plate in treatment of intracapsular femur neck fracture
Authors: Bohalfaya Mabrouk S. , Elmabsout Salem M. , Nouh Hassan M.
Published: February 2024

Background: The ideal surgical treatment of femoral neck fractures is still debatable. When internal fixation is used, many implants are available. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome following fixation of intracapsular femur neck fractures using the Targon-FN system (B. Braun, AG. Melsungen, Germany) comparing the results with a similar study done by the manufacturer and to assess risk factors associated with complications.
Methods: A prospective interventional case series involved 30 consecutive patients aged from 23 to 82 (Mean 49 years) treated at Al-Jalaa trauma hospital in Benghazi- Libya in period from January 2016 to July 2017, for an intracapsular femur neck fracture with Targon-FN system. According to Garden classification 9 fractures (30%) undisplaced and 21 (70%) were displaced fractures, with 2 patients (6.7%) had type I, 7 patients (23.3%) had type II, 7 patients (23.3%) had type III and 14 patients (46.7%) had type IV fracture. Epidemiological data were collected. Patients were followed-up for 2 years (average 16 months). Joint function was assessed clinically by using Harris hip score (HHS) and fracture healing by radiological assessment at sex weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and finally at 2 years. Complications were recorded. Statistical analysis done to predict risk factors associated with reoperation and complications.
Results: Sixteen patients (53.3%) developed one or more complications. Complications were higher than those of manufacturer’s study and included avascular necrosis (53.3%, n=16), nonunion (30%, n=9), blown out implant (16.66%, n=5), loosening screw (3.3%, n=1), and deep infection (3.3%, n=1). In total, 5 patients required total hip replacements. At end of 2 years 19 patients (63%) had poor result, one patient (3.3%) had fair result, 1 patient (3.3%) had good result and 9 patients (30%) had excellent result according to HHS. Delayed surgery, fracture displacement, surgeon’s experience, age ≥40 years and time to postop weight bearing recognized as risk factors for complications.
Conclusions: A minimally-invasive surgery of Targon FN justifies use of this system for the preservation of the patient’s hip joint, early rehabilitation and mobilization. Complications and re-operation could be minimized by performing surgery within 24-48 hours, provision of skillful surgeons, and proper timing of postoperative weight bearing. The main limitation is the small number of cases and short follow-up averaged at 16 months.
Gender difference in foot progression angle in patients with osteoarthritis knee: an observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Rastogi Aavrati , Kalia Roop B.
Published: February 2024

Background: An essential clinical parameter related to gait is foot progression angle (FPA). The objective of this study was to evaluate foot progression angle difference between Kl grade 2 and 3 in osteoarthritis knee patients and understanding biomechanical factors associated knee OA.
Methods: Study was conducted on 108 patients diagnose with osteoarthritis knee according to EULAR classification knee OA. Age, gender and BMI were recorded, gait analysis was done to evaluate difference in FPA between OA knee patients with KL grade 2 and 3.
Results: The 108 patient, 68 female and 40 males with osteoarthritis knee were included in study. Mean age of patients was 55.92±0.8 year, mean BMI was 27.24±0.4 kg/m2. Mean and SD of FPA in male 7.31±3.60 and   in female 8.31± 4.18 in patients with Kl grade 2 and 3 mean difference between male and female FPA is -0.99 with 95% CI, p=0.43 and t=0.78. In KL grade 3, FPA mean and SD of male 6.79±2.80 and female 7.62±9.10, t=0.9, mean difference -0.83 with 95% CI and p=0.6925.
Conclusions: This study suggests, females in comparison to males have less FPA and therefore, females are more prone in progression of knee OA. Potential confounders including age, gender, BMI disease severity did not alter magnitude, although 95% CI.
Epidemiology of humerus shaft fractures in children-observational study of 50 patients
Authors: Ambulgekar Rajesh K. , Iqbal M. Zafar , Toshniwal Raman
Published: February 2024

Background: Objective was to study the epidemiology of humerus shaft fracture in children.
Methods: This was an observational study of 50 cases of humeral diaphyseal fractures in children aged between 5 to 15 years reporting to tertiary care center over a period of 18 months. Each patient was categorized with respect to age, sex, mode of trauma, side injured, type of fracture, associated injuries, modality of treatment given.
Results: Most patients belonged to upper lower class (66 %), and 80% patient belonged to rural population. Boys (60%) were more prone to have humerus shaft fracture than girls. Mean age of the patient were 10.12 years (±2.6 SD). Most common mode of trauma was accidental fall on arm (68%). Traumatic fracture was noted in 94% of cases while 6 % cases were having pathological fracture. Most patients were having middle third shaft fracture (40%), followed by distal third (30%) and lastly proximal third (22%), and left side involvement (58%) was more. Out of the 50 patients, poly trauma was observed in 4 cases, multiple bone fracture was noted in 2 cases, while 2 patients were having fibrous dysplasia and 1 with bony cyst as an associated cause of pathological fracture and 1 patient had radial nerve injury pre-operatively.
Conclusions: The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the epidemiology of humerus shaft fractures in children in respect to age, sex, socio-economic status, mode of trauma. These data can help understand the risk factors and help in preventing the incidence. Most of these fracture can be managed successfully with retrograde titanium elastic nailing system (TENS) nailing with minimal complications.
A study on functional outcome of distal end femur fracture in adults managed with locking compression plate
Authors: Vatsa Abhinav , Siddiqui Mohammed Sohail , Prajapati Maheshkumar , Daglia Ronak , Baurasi Charchit , Patel Ravi
Published: February 2024

Background: We have evaluated the clinical outcome of surgery using locking compression plate in patients with fracture of distal end of femur in terms of union time, weight bearing and complications.
Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of orthopaedics, Bombay hospital, Indore (M. P.). With a prevalence of 3% of adult distal femoral fracture, the sample obtained was 30 with distal end femur fractures in the study. Protocol of surgery was followed in each patient. Postoperative rehabilitation was also adhered to in all patients.
Results: The mean age of 37.87±11.76 years with a male (25) predominance and more right-side involvement. RTA constituted 90% of the patients. According to AO/ASIF classification, type C1 (23.3%) and type A2 (20%) were the common fracture types seen. The radiological union was achieved in majority by 19-20 weeks. Full weight bearing was started by 15-16 weeks with mean of 18.93±2.02 weeks. In 43.3% patients knee flexion of more than 110 degree was achieved. Infection was seen in 10% patients and limb shortening (<10 mm) was seen in 6.7% patients. According to Neer’s scoring system, 56.7% patients had excellent, 33.3% patients had good, 3.3% patients had fair and 6.7% patients had poor functional outcome.
Conclusions: The treatment of fracture distal end of femur using locking compression plate was found to provide good to excellent functional outcome in majority of the patients, with low prevalence of complications.
Measuring the outcomes of medial meniscectomies with a femoral end medial collateral ligament release and reattachment in patients with a tight knee: a case series
Authors: Parhar Kanwar , Frolov David , Tapio Ryan , Slack Katherine , Schmitz Miguel A.
Published: February 2024

Partial meniscectomies are the most commonly performed arthroscopic knee procedures, however, are complicated by the presence of a tear in the posterior medial compartment (PMC) in tandem with a “tight knee”. This inhibits adequate spacing for instrumentation access, increasing the chances of causing iatrogenic cartilage damage which can progress to early onset osteoarthritis. We present a unique method for increasing the joint space, in such cases, and avoiding cartilage damage, by performing a femoral end medial collateral ligament release and reattachment (MCLR). Patient outcomes were evaluated in two parts. The first part compared the fourteen patients who underwent a MCLR pre- and post-operatively via the Lysholm and Tegner score, VAS pain scale and knee flexion angle. Finally, the MCLR patients were compared via 1:1 propensity score-matching to patients who underwent a valgus maneuver only for a PMC tear. The patients receiving an MCLR showed a statistically significant improvement (p<0.001) within each of the pre- and post-operative measured variables. When compared with 1:1 propensity score matched and unmatched patients, no statistically significant difference was seen between the Lysholm, Tegner and Flexion angle while VAS pain scale did show a difference. For patients requiring a PMM with a “tight knee”, performing an MCLR provides a clinical and functional improvement in symptoms and showed no statistically significant difference when compared with valgus maneuver only patients. Therefore, it is an effective procedure for increasing the joint space in a patient with a tight knee that requires a partial medial meniscectomy (PMM).
Functional outcome of operative management of Haglund deformity in non-athletic individuals-a case series
Authors: Supe Amit Chandrakant , Singh Prince , Pawar Eknath Deosing , Kolur Shivaprasad Sharangouda , Topno Rohit , Pande Kartik
Published: February 2024

Haglund’s deformity is a symptomatic osseous outgrowth or prominence of the posterolateral corner of calcaneus usually in young individuals which presents in the form of posterior heel pain, sometimes intractable in chronic cases, which aggravates on walking or on dorsiflexion of the foot and is relieved with rest and anti-inflammatory medications in the initial phases. Management involves an initial conservative trial involving lifestyle changes and medical management, failure of which warrants surgical management for symptomatic relief along with ability to return to perform activities of daily living. We have a series of 4 patients with a Haglund’s deformity who presented to us with chronic posterior heel pain of varying duration with episodic exacerbations who were initially managed with a conservative trial with medications, physiotherapy, lifestyle modifications, usage of soft silicon sole for the footwear; the failure of which prompted us to go ahead with surgical management of these patients-all 4 patients were managed with a lateral wedge removal of the calcaneus with excision of the retrocalcaneal bursa. All 4 patients reported significant improvement in the symptoms with adequate postoperative care and rehabilitation. As we have seen in this case series of 4 patients presented here, Haglund’s deformity which is a part of a larger Haglund’s syndrome, has a chronic progression over a period of time with episodic exacerbations and remissions, which could be managed conservatively for a significant period initially but, if need be, surgical management should not be deferred not only to provide symptomatic relief as a major goal, but also to avoid permanent degenerative damages to the concerned soft tissues.
Pelvic insufficiency fracture in an osteoporotic 47-year-old female: a case report
Authors: Mehta Chandan , Lalwani Devansh , Shaikh Ashraf Fazal , Desai Mohan Madhav
Published: February 2024

Insufficiency fractures (IFs) represent a form of stress fractures frequently linked to osteoporosis and a lack of vitamin D. These fractures, which are not caused by trauma, typically manifest in the pelvis and spine, although occurrences in atypical locations are also relatively frequent. The primary methods for diagnosing IF involve using plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging scans, which are commonly employed imaging techniques. The management involves both medical and surgical methods, tailored as per the needs of the patient. 47-year-old female patient presented to the outpatient department with complaints of low back ache with waddling gait, with pain not responding to analgesics. Laboratory and radiological assessment revealed osteoporotic Insufficiency fracture in the pelvis which was managed with both surgical and medical methods, with surgical management involving percutaneous screw fixation of the fractures. Diagnosis of the osteoporotic insufficiency fractures at atypical locations can be extremely challenging because of the inconclusive radiographs and the lack of a perceptible trauma history and hence, can be missed at the initial presentation. The management includes both operative and non-operative modalities, best tailored as per the patient needs and expectations.
Complications of thyroidectomy: Insights from a single-centre study in northeast India
Authors: Baral Sonia , Borgohain Rupam , Timungpi Geeta
Published: February 2024

To study and compare the frequency of post-operative complications associated with thyroid surgeries indicated for various benign and malignant pathologies and assess the outcome of management of such complications in a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India.

An analytical study was done at a tertiary care hospital in Assam over a period of 1 year from May 2022 to June 2023. Data was collected from 53 patients who underwent surgery at this hospital.

Hemithyroidectomy, subtotal, near-total, and total thyroidectomies were performed in 31(58.4%), 2 (3.7%), 6 (11.3%) and 14 (26.4%) cases respectively. The overall rate of complications was 39.6%. Permanent hypocalcaemia was observed to be the most common complication, followed by transient hypocalcaemia and transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. The complications were found to be more frequent in surgery for malignant thyroid disease. There was no mortality in our study.

A better understanding of thyroid gland anatomy, meticulous haemostasis and Identification of Recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands lead to favourable post-operative outcomes. Appropriate post-operative care with early identification and management of complications plays an essential role in reducing the duration of postoperative hospital stay and limiting patient morbidity.
Sino nasal undifferentiated carcinoma – A diagnostic conundrm
Authors: Singh Kamalpreet , Sasi Shraddha , Raj Poonaam , Kour Amrindarjeet
Published: February 2024

Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is a rare and highly aggressive tumour frequently arising from the maxillary sinus and nasal cavity. Here we report a 34-year-old female patient who presented with a pale polypoidal mass which bleeds on touch involving the left nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Imaging showed a multilobulated lesion involving the left nasal cavity and left paranasal sinuses with extension into the left masticator space, pterygopalatine fossa and retropharyngeal space supplied by a branch of the left maxillary artery. It suggested a possibility of a benign vascular mass lesion. The mass was surgically removed via the maxillary swing approach. Immunohistochemical analysis showed epithelial origin (AE1/AE3+, EMA+) and no reactivity for neuroendocrine, melanocytic, hematolymphoid, or mesenchymal markers. A diagnosis of SNUC was reached and the patient was given concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The patient is disease free one year post surgery. To conclude, a vigilant correlation of clinical, microscopic, and immunohistochemical characteristics is essential for early diagnosis and optimal management of SNUC.
Odpowiedzialność prawna za niezgodne z prawem postępowanie ze zwłokami podczas badań archeologicznych
Authors: Najman Michał
Published: February 2024

Pomimo licznych wątpliwości natury prawnej i etycznej status prawny zwłok ludzkich wciąż nie został jednoznacznie określony. Ta luka prawna stwarza stan niepewności dla wielu zawodów. Wśród nich niewątpliwie znajdują się archeologowie. W przypadku tego zawodu niewłaściwe postępowanie ze zwłokami może rodzić konsekwencje prawne na gruncie kodeksu karnego, ustawy o cmentarzach i chowaniu zmarłych oraz wydanych do niej rozporządzeń, ustawy o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami, a nawet kodeksu cywilnego. Tym samym omówienia wymaga sposób postępowania ze zwłokami ludzkimi odkrytymi podczas prowadzenia badań archeologicznych. Rozważenia wymaga również określenie sposobu postępowania ze zwłokami w różnym stadium rozkładu, jak również ustalenie konwergencji w przedmiocie ekshumacji oraz badań archeologicznych, a co z tego wynika, rozważenia, czy zasady postępowania ze zwłokami ludzkimi obowiązujące podmiot przeprowadzający ekshumację mogą lub powinny być stosowane również przez archeologów i na odwrót.
Polemicznie o obronie obligatoryjnej oskarżonego w polskim procesie karnym
Authors: Sowiński Piotr
Published: February 2024

W tekście podjęto próbę przedstawienia niektórych kontrowersji związanych z instytucją obrony obligatoryjnej. Przedstawiono założenia podstawowe, które legły u podstaw tej obrony, źródła obrony obligatoryjnej, a także zwrócono uwagę na brak rozróżnienia pomiędzy obroną fakultatywną a obligatoryjną w niektórych konwencjach międzynarodowych, których stroną jest Polska. W tekście wskazano na pewne braki regulacji dotyczących obrony obligatoryjnej, a także przedstawiono propozycję zmian przepisów. Jest to publikacja o charakterze polemicznym.
Przymiot drugiej strony jako przedmiot podstępnego wprowadzenia w błąd (kan. 1098 KPK) w orzecznictwie Roty Rzymskiej (2000-2005)
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: February 2024

Tytuł nieważności małżeństwa w postaci podstępnego wprowadzenia w błąd (can. 1098)  stanowi wyraz troski ustawodawcy kościelnego o ochronę wyboru małżeńskiego (poznanie przyszłego małżonka), a także o ochronę samego małżeństwa przed niesprawiedliwością. Jednym z elementów konstytutywnych kanonu – poza podstępem i błędem – jest przymiot drugiej strony (qualitas personae), który może poważnie zakłócić wspólnotę życia małżeńskiego.
Autor analizuje 17 wyroków Roty Rzymskiej z lat 2000-2005 wydanych z tytułu deceptio dolosa w aspekcie przymiotu drugiej strony. W części pierwszej zwraca uwagę na zasady interpretacyjne orzecznictwa rotalnego dotyczące przymiotu osoby in genere, a więc samego pojęcia qualitas, charakteru przymiotu i oceny jego znaczenia dla wspólnoty życia małżeńskiego. Natomiast w części drugiej omawia  przymiot osoby in specie, a więc wskazuje na konkretne przymioty, które były przedmiotem oceny sędziów Roty Rzymskiej w owych siedemnastu sprawach (stan zdrowia, ojcostwo dziecka, uzależnienie od zabobonów, religijność, dokonanie aborcji, symulowana ciąża).
Impact of Low-Cost Robot EducThermoBot vs. EXAO on Students' Motivation and Learning in Physical Sciences in Morocco
Authors: Omari Slimane , Mamane Adnane , Ouahi Mhamed Ben , Benjelloun Nadia
Published: February 2024

Teaching physical sciences presents a significant challenge in various countries, including Morocco, where student performance remains a subject of concern. This study aims to investigate the impact of introducing educational robotics as compared to computer-assisted experiments (EXAO) on students' motivation and learning in physical sciences. We divided a group of 120 middle-school students into two cohorts: one used the cost-effective educational robot, EducThermoBot, as an experimental group, while the other employed traditional EXAO as a control group. The findings demonstrate that the integration of educational robotics has a noteworthy and positive impact on students' motivation, whereas the overall academic performance exhibited no significant disparities between the two cohorts. Notwithstanding some limitations, this research offers valuable insights to enhance pedagogical practices by promoting the integration of educational robotics into the teaching of physical sciences in Morocco.
Prevalence of the Hikikomori Syndrome in the Context of Internet Addictive Behaviour Among Primary School Pupils in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Miriam Niklová , Karina Zošáková , Annamária Šimšíková
Published: February 2024

Hikikomori phenomenon has been theoretically founded and empirically studied in several countries such as Japan, South Korea, mainland China, Taiwan, Thailand, Bangladesh, Australia, the United States, Spain, France, Portugal, Italy, Poland, Iran, and the United States. Previous empirical studies abroad indicate significant differences in the incidence of hikikomori syndrome in the case of boys. The study examined the phenomenon of hikikomori syndrome that has not yet been studied in Slovakia. The aim of the study is to map the prevalence and analyze the hikikomori syndrome phenomenon in primary school students. The sample consisted of 2 767 respondents with an average age of 12.68 years. We found a statistically significant difference in the prevalence rate of the hikikomori syndrome among boys and girls. Hikikomori syndrome is more common among girls than among boys. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between drug use and hikikomori syndrome in both sexes. In relation to gender differences, our findings have broadened the theoretical foundations of hikikomori syndrome and present a starting point for designing preventive educational activities for professionals working with children and youth.
Models of Irreversible Electroporation: A Review and Initial Model Implementation
Authors: Georgiev Tihomir , Bliznakova Kristina , Bliznakov Zhivko , Todorov Georgi
Published: February 2024

Cancer may affect any person. Amongst possible techniques to treat some cancers is ablation, through the use of the irreversible electroporation (IRE) as one of the methods. Medical University of Varna is implementing a project on irreversible electroporation aiming to develop a hardware prototype. The first step is review of existing models and the development of an own model, which will be used in the device prototyping. To find the existing models, we reviewed articles related to electroporation models. Based on the literature review, we developed own model, where we used open-source software OpenEP and Embarcadero C++. The review of the available literature publications indicates that initial models employed a simplified cell structure. Despite this simplicity, these models effectively reflected important characteristics of the cell behaviour and the interdependencies between field features and cells. Recent investigations created better models and optimized parameters for specific cases. The review models were used in the development of dedicated software application for simulation, visualization, and educational purposes in the field of IRE. Developed software application allows investigation of various IRE protocols. Experimental investigation of implemented models and software is undergoing. The software will allow further advancement in our capacity to explore and comprehend cellular dynamics.
Modelling the Relationship Between Offline and Online Communication Channels in Social Work With Traumatized People
Authors: Tsybulko Lyudmyla , Ishutina Olena , Chernetska Yuliya , Roganov Maxim , Kalchenko Larysa
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to exploring the possibilities of using online communication channels and modelling the relationship between offline and online channels in social work with traumatized people particularly those affected by the Chernobyl disaster.The distribution of age and number of Internet users for different categories of victims of the Chernobyl disaster has been calculated. It is shown that the percentage of Internet users, including the elderly ones, in foreign countries is higher than in Ukraine, which creates prerequisites for increasing their involvement in online communication. It is established that in the majority of scientific and educational information sources there is no grouping of the victims of the Chernobyl disaster into a separate category of the object of social work, which leads to the necessity of enriching the curricula of social workers’ professional training.
Exploratory Data Analysis and the Rise of Large Language Models - Gaming Industry Insights
Authors: Zhecheva Denitsa
Published: February 2024

The applications of modern large language models are diverse and new at the same time. It is forecasted that the scientific society and businesses may experience a long period of time exploring all opportunities and challenges for using them which will allow analysis of the impact on how advanced generative artificial intelligence is changing work occupation activities and performance efficiency. Undoubtedly, today’s question that every business must answer is not if but how to implement large language models, due to their ability to transform numerous business processes. This study aims to give a better understanding on how large language models are contributing to the process of exploratory data analysis as they are not here to replace the traditional methods but to add generative artificial intelligence capabilities to the well-established ones. The results of this paper reveal high level of accuracy of the paired output between operation prompts in OpenAI’s large language model and human-mediated entry. However, such output comparison highlighs the need for more informative and specific input prompts to ascertain this accuracy. Further caveats that need to be placed in consideration refer to possible system downtimes, as well as the expenses incurred with every prompt execution. Nevertheless, the comparative speed of operation of large language models remains their most substantial competitive advantage. Overall, the findings in this paper contribute to understanding that large language models streamline with ease the desired extraction of insightful information which may further be used for better decision-making, good data management, and design of winning growth strategy as is the case of the gaming industry.
Systematic Literature Review: Biometric Technology Applied to Educational Institutions
Authors: Necochea-Chamorro Jorge Isaac , Sotelo Asalde Carlos Manuel , Loli Nuñez Mariella Elizabeth , Vasquez Valencia Yesenia del Rosario
Published: February 2024

Biometric technology, founded on recognizing distinctive individual features, enhances identification and automation, yielding personal and institutional benefits. This literature review employs the Kitchenham and Charters methodology to analyze recent perspectives on biometric technology in educational time and attendance. The analysis identifies benefits, such as preventing impersonation and enhancing data security, but emphasizes concerns about biometric alterations and hardware/software failures hindering optimal outcomes. A noteworthy trend is adopting a bimodal behavioral approach in biometric technologies in education. The study recommends research avenues focusing on privacy safeguards, biometric system robustness, and technological resilience. Beyond mere identification, a shift towards quantitative and descriptive methods is proposed, guiding future research. The results underscore the importance of a multimodal approach and stringent security measures to address biometric system vulnerabilities. Future exploration should consider integrating emerging technologies to enhance system resilience and data protection, providing a comprehensive guide for refining and expanding biometric technology applications in education.
Forecasting the Financial Soundness of Indonesia’s National Board of Zakat (BAZNAS) Using Artificial Neural Network Models
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Johari Fuadah , Nadhilah Nadhilah , Sa’adah Yaumi
Published: February 2024

The potential value of zakat in Indonesia in 2021 was estimated at RP 13.529 trillion; however, the actual amount of zakat collected was only RP 571 billion. Thus, this study aims to develop a precise financial soundness forecasting model for the National Board of Zakat (BAZNAS) in Indonesia using multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN) with three algorithms to investigate, compare, and interpret the obtained results for better forecasting. The information was extracted from the financial statements of six BAZNAS for the period spanning year 2017 to 2021. The study determined unique and best models for each current ratio, cash ratio, and quick ratio. The results highlighted two models deemed best for forecasting Indonesia's BAZNAS financial soundness: MLR and ANN with Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG) training algorithm and MLR and ANN with Bayesian Regularization (BR). The research implications could help decision-makers strategise for the financial health of other Zakat organisations accordingly.
Research on Possibilities and Benefits of Programming Educational Robots for Real-Life Scenarios Imitation
Authors: Georgieva-Trifonova Tsvetanka
Published: February 2024

The research interest in programming educational robots is aimed at determining the specific advantages and challenges that educational robots provide in the learning environment. In this paper, the possibilities and benefits of programming educational robots specifically to imitating real scenarios are studied and explored. Typical scenarios with educational robots corresponding to real situations are systematized, the requirements to which the robots must meet and the necessary functionalities for implementation are described. Concrete implementations of projects in the environment of the educational robotics system Engino Robotics Platform are represented, in order to confirm the practical feasibility and acceptable level of difficulty of the scenarios. Programming educational robots by simulating real-world scenarios not only provides valuable experience, but also develops key skills essential to students' future success.
Conceptual Reconstruction of Evaluation Guidelines for Government Performance Accountability: Notonagoro Semiotics
Authors: Widaninggar Nanda , Sukoharsono Eko G , Purwanti Lilik , Prihatiningtias Yeney W
Published: February 2024

The evaluation guideline for performance accountability (EGoPA) is a commonly used framework to assess the performance of public sector organizations. It is important to develop a comprehensive evaluation guideline that considers the legitimacy of these organizations and incorporates their distinct cultural and religious values. This study aims to reconstruct the EGoPA to internalize the actual state of Indonesia's philosophy by considering Notonagoro's hierarchical-pyramidal semiotics of Pancasila. This study utilized the critical paradigm to analyze and address structures or circumstances that impose oppression or present problematic practices within society. This study revealed components of EGoPA with Pancasila values as the basis of Indonesian philosophy that refers to Notonagoro's hierarchical-pyramidal semiotics. This guideline reflects every value in Pancasila, the entire line of Notonagoro’s public management, and employs the fundamental state of philosophy in a proper guideline of EGoPA on the components as whole concepts. In addition, the reconstruction developed a better and original accountability system in the Indonesian government.
Assessment of meat preservation methods used by retailers and the estimation of direct economic losses associated with meat spoilage in Kenya
Authors: Killa Nadia James , Nyarongi Ombui Jackson , Baaro Gathura Peter
Published: February 2024

Meat spoilage reduces the meat quality and the revenue from the meat industry. This study assessed the direct impact of ineffective meat preservation methods on economic loss among meat retailers in the Dagoretti region of Nairobi, Kenya. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 87 butcheries and 9 supermarkets from low, middle, and high-income areas using a systematic sampling technique. The meat losses were measured by kilograms of spoilt meat and associated financial cost was estimated. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used to establish the significance of the association between preservation and demographic factors. A correlation analysis was used to estimate the strength of the relationship between the factors. The study revealed that most of meat handlers heavily relied on refrigeration methods (73%) for storing meat, and 27% hung meat at room temperature due to the high cost of electricity and deep freezers. Furthermore, it revealed that each meat retail business lost 2.3 kg (1.0-3.0 kg) on average per week, which indicates financial losses of USD 11.5 (Range 5.0-15.0 USD) per week or USD 598 (Range USD 260-790) per year. These losses were mainly associated with moisture loss (49%) and microbial spoilage (22%). Poor storage and meat handling practices were blamed for spoilt meat. Meat retailers reported fly menace disturbing their business. It’s recommended that the government implement policies to reduce electricity bills and enhance the adoption of refrigeration methods, while industry stakeholders should facilitate initiatives for public awareness on appropriate methods of meat preservation. Additionally, retail cut meat products on display should be wrapped with permeable film to reduce moisture loss. Further study is needed for a comprehensive analysis of direct economic losses segregated by meat types and preservation forms.