bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harmfulness during technical inspection of road vehicles
Authors: Todić M , Petković S , Vranješ B
Published: July 2023

The drive of road vehicles, with internal combustion units, whose work is based on the use of fuels such as gasoline and autogas is currently the most represented in practice. The trend is in the development of electric vehicles. A complete replacement of the powertrain (SUS engine) is likely to take a long time. Legal obligation to regularly perform technical inspections on vehicles with these powertrains at inspection stations where technical inspection procedures are prescribed. It is known that the exhaust emissions of SUS engines contain dangerous and harmful substances that endanger operators during technical inspection and affect the environment. Therefore, the necessary equipment prescribed by each technical inspection station is prescribed in order to reduce the impact of harmfulness during the inspection of vehicles, which affects the safety and health of the operator. Their level can also cause dangers for the operators at the station, and depending on the time of testing, by not adhering to the procedure of applying the prescribed equipment to reduce the risk of their harmful impact. The hazards that occur are of physical and chemical origin.
Study and analysis of sandwich panels for use in the construction of cabin roofs used on construction equipment
Authors: Bleotu R M , Preda C
Published: July 2023

Sandwich panels have been of great interest in recent years due to the tendency of the engineers to replace heavy and rigid structures with light structures that allow good energy absorption and good deformation values. One of the areas that needs these panels is the cabin design used on construction equipment. These cabins are used in environments where there is a danger that various objects may hit the structure of their roof, thus endangering the health or life of operators. The aim of this study is to replace the classic cabin roofs with lighter roofs and better material properties. A first objective of this work is to adapt different types of cells and analyse them in terms of energy absorption while a compressive force is applied. The best result in terms of values obtained have been further used in the construction of the sandwich plates core. The second objective is the static analysis of sandwich plates that contain cells and walls of different thicknesses. Simulations of hitting the sandwich plate with a moving object, by creating a simulation with a finite element method, were performed. The results are compared, and the most favourable one was implemented in the construction of the construction machine. As a final objective of this paper, the dynamic analysis with the help of the finite element analysis used to validate the purpose is presented.
Influence of end cutting edge angle of a multi-point lathe cutter on the thread profile accuracy. Theoretical investigation
Authors: Onysko O , Kopei V , Barz C , Erdei Z , Rodic V
Published: July 2023

Modern manufacturers of tools for turning threads make them with a non-zero value of the side rake angle of the cutting edge, which significantly increases their efficiency. The value of this angle is approximately equal to the thread lead angle. However, today there is a lack of theoretical research that would provide an algorithm for calculating the effect of the side rake angle of the cutting edge on one of the indicators of the thread accuracy - the accuracy of the pitch diameter. Its effect is particularly noticeable for thread with a large pitch and relatively small diameter - such as drill string tool-joint thread. Theoretical studies show the possibility of ensuring the required accuracy without changing the profile of the cutting edge of the lathe tool.
Influence of aging heat treatment at 180 °C on cavitation erosion for aluminum alloy type 5083 in cold rolled state
Authors: Micu L M , Bordeasu I , Dionisie I , Ghiban B , Gubencu D
Published: July 2023

Aluminum-based alloys have wide applicability in the construction of aircraft, vehicles, and ships. Some of their components, during operation, such as the radiators and the rotors of the cooling pumps in the vehicles, and the propellers of fishing and pleasure boats are affected by the abrasive, chemical and cavitational corrosive action of the water. At certain hydrodynamic flow regimes, the most dangerous becomes the corrosion through cavitation. Operation in such regimes inevitably leads to damaging the structure, due to cyclic stresses of the micro-jets and shock waves generated by the implosion of cavitation bubbles. Although the chemical constitution and alloying with other chemical elements increase the mechanical properties, the service life is still limited when operating in high-intensity cavitation flows. Therefore, researchers are looking for solutions to improve this resistance through various treatments, such as bulk heat. Research heading the same direction, but, made on 5083 alloy, is presented in this paper. The results highlight the behavior of a modified structure compared to the semi-fabricated state (obtained by rolling), through three durations regimes (one hours, 12 hours and 24 hours) of aging heat treatment to 180 °C temperature, after hardening treatment at 450 °C. The cavitation tests were performed in the Laboratory of the Polytechnic University of Timisoara, on the standard vibrating device with piezoceramic crystals. The results were expressed by curves and parameters specific to the evaluation of cavitation resistance, and by macro and microscopic images, showing the unique aspects of the connection between the structure and the mechanical properties obtained through heat treatment regimes. Thus, comparison of the results, including with the delivery state (laminated product), shows that the highest resistance is provided by the treatment at 24 hours. At the same time, the erosion, of pitting and caverns type, and differs from one structure to another.
X-ray analysis of welding parameters influence on pressure vessel steel P355 N
Authors: Cioroagă B D , Cioată V G
Published: July 2023

The paper presents a study on the influence of welding parameters that is done by radiographic interpretation of the X-ray analysis results collected from welded joins that had been realized by varying the welding current intensity, tension and welding speed. The base material of the experiment is a pressure vessel steel P355 N used for constructing railway tanks for transporting liquids by train. The welding method used is flux-cored arc welding, done by a semi-automatic welding machine using welding wire as joining material. The research aims to find connections between different material welding defects and the welding parameters involved in the process of flux-cored arc welding.
An overview of methods and technologies for the production of alternative diesel fuel from used engine oil
Authors: Raţiu S A , Armioni D M
Published: July 2023

In the context of global efforts to transition to a circular economy and minimize environmental pollution, various methods of waste management have been developed. Among them, used engine oil is a dangerous pollutant, but also a resource with high economic value. In this sense, superior recovery is aimed, either by recycling in order to obtain base oil or by producing alternative fuels, thus minimizing the consumption of natural resources and reducing the amount of improperly managed waste. This article’s purpose is to describe the main technological processes underlying the production of alternative diesel fuel from used engine oil. International industrially applied technologies that produce diesel fuel by treating used engine oil are also exemplified, and the main benefits of this process are described.
Experimental modeling of abrasive water-jet cutting processes of Kevlar fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Gubencu D V , Lazăr C O
Published: July 2023

In recent decades, the use of composite materials has spread widely in a variety of industries, from consumer goods to aeronautics and automotive. This trend is mainly explained by the functional properties of these materials, such as specific strength or specific stiffness, which make them suitable for structural applications.

Kevlar fiber-reinforced polymer composites are difficult to process using conventional methods, so non-traditional ones, like abrasive water jet machining became an alternative. This process has some advantages, such as the ability to cut complicated shape parts of different size and thickness, with high precision. However, the selection of operating parameters to provide a complete database, tailored to carry out efficient and effective processes, remains a challenge.

Due to the complexity of the phenomena in the workspace, analytical modeling of the process is difficult and has limited validity by the simplified hypotheses formulated previously. On the contrary, the models developed following empirical research have proved their importance in industrial practice, leading to the estimation of processing results, with high confidence levels.

Therefore, the experimental study was performed by applying design of experiments methods, in order to test the influence and to model the action of process parameters on the material removal rate of abrasive water jet cutting. The research also focused on the precision characteristics of the cut parts. Finally, the response surfaces and contour plots were represented, useful for identifying the sets of the process parameters that provide the required values for the objective functions investigated.
Multi-Parameter Damper Optimization of Cable-Stayed Bridge Considering Energy Dissipation
Authors: Liu Qi-yang , Geng Jiang-wei , Wang Yang , Ge Yong , Bao Qi
Published: July 2023

The parameters optimization of a viscous damper is carried out with a cable-stayed bridge with a single cable plane and a single tower. Based on five optimization parameters and four optimization functions of damper energy dissipation and structure, the relationship between each function and damper parameters is obtained. Finally, the spatial distribution surface of the multi-parameter objective optimization function is constructed, and the final optimization result is obtained. The optimization process shows that the reasonable viscous damper parameters can effectively inhibit the vibration and structural response of the bridge under seismic excitation. At the same time, the single control target optimization function may result in non-convergence, and the optimization value cannot be obtained. The multi-parameter objective optimization function introduced considering the energy dissipation of the damper can effectively avoid this shortcoming and finally obtain reasonable damper optimization parameters.
Numerical Simulation of Welding Temperature Field, Stress Field, and Strain Field of Fillet Joint in Different Welding Sequence
Authors: Ye Zhongzhao , Liu Jianchun , Xie Chuanlu , Zhang Shijie
Published: July 2023

For welding temperature field, stress field, and strain field in fillet joints, using the double ellipsoid heat source, the ABAQUS software platform is used to simulate and analyze the welding process of fillet joints with four different application sequences. By setting up observation points, the study analyzed the distribution of the temperature field, stress field, and strain field of the simulated welding process for these four application cases. The results show that in the vertical weld direction, the welding sequence has a large effect on the transverse residual stress; the use of isotropic welding, butt weld first and then welded fillet weld program, the maximum total deformation and angular deformation produced are the smallest.
Strength Research Based on ABAQUS for the Fixed Plate of the Refrigerator Compressor
Authors: Xu Chen-yu , Zhang De-hai , Guo Dong-jie , Li Yan-qin , Guo Da-yong
Published: July 2023

The compressor fixed plate in the refrigerator plays an important role in carrying the compressor and connecting various parts, which is very important to the structure of the refrigerator. In this paper, the finite element (FE) software ABAQUS is used to check the strength of the compressor base plate of thicknesses of 1.2 mm and 1.5 mm. Firstly, the model establishment and mesh treatment method of the fixed plate of the refrigerator compressor is introduced, then the load and constraints are described. Finally, the FE analysis is carried out, and the plates of 1.2 mm and 1.5 mm thicknesses are contrasted, respectively. And the stress-strain diagrams are obtained, which provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the compressor fixed plate.
Bimodular Microbeams Based on the Elastic Foundation: Free Vibration
Authors: Huang Chunlin , Peng Jianshe , Lin Fan , Yang Liu
Published: July 2023

The paper uses the modified couple stress theory to study the free vibration model of bimodular microbeams with an elastic foundation. Microbeams behave differently in the tension and compression zones due to the bimodular property, and the neutral layer depends on the sign of the bending moment. By figuring out the effective strain formula and applying Hamilton’s principle, the governing equation for free vibration can then be derived. The equation takes into account the size effect, the foundation parameters, and the bimodular property’s effects. Using the differential quadrature method, it is examined how the foundation parameters and the material length scale parameters affect free vibration. The findings indicate that frequency increases as parameter size increases.
Simulation Analysis of Rubber Material Constitutive Model based on Ansys
Authors: Suo Haoliang , Li Guanfeng , Qin Aizhong , Chen Zhuoyuan
Published: July 2023

Rubber material has a wide range of applications in engineering design because of its unique polymer material properties. Under the action of load, the corresponding relationship between stress and strain is nonlinear, so it is very difficult to make mechanical analysis and material selection in engineering applications. This paper takes butyl rubber as the research object, which obtains stress-strain data through uniaxial compression tests at different strain rates, fits material parameters through MATLAB according to three commonly used hyper-elastic constitutive models, and carries out static finite element simulation analysis based on Ansys. The analysis results are compared with the test results, to verify the practicability and accuracy of the constitutive model and provide a reference for engineering applications.
Study on the effect and mechanism of NaOH on the modification of fluorapatite: A new method of preparing fluor-hydroxyapatite
Authors: Han Huili , Yin Wanzhong , Wang Yulian , Sun Haoran , Sun Xinglong , Cao Bin
Published: July 2023

Fluorapatite (FA) and fluor-hydroxyapatite (FHA) have good biocompatibility to substitute for human hard tissue, whereas FA has more cytotoxic and genotoxic effects than FHA. In this study, a new method named nitric acid dissolution-recrystallization was proposed to achieve the modification of FA, and NaOH was used to introduce OH- into FA to prepare FHA in the recrystallization process. The effect and mechanism of NaOH/pH value on the modification of FA were investigated using XRD analysis, SEM detection, EDTA complexometric titration, and FT-IR measurements. XRD and SEM analyses indicated that the synthesized FHA at the pH value of 8.00 had the highest crystallinity and the largest crystal size, reaching 38.10 nm, and the crystal was in the form of short rods with a length of about 1 μm. It was found that the content of the F element in the synthesized FHA decreased as the pH value of the reaction system increased. When the pH value reached 8.00, the content of F was 0.60%, and the values of x and (2-x) in FHA [Ca10(PO4)6Fx(OH)2-x] were 0.16 and 1.84, respectively. FT-IR analysis further confirmed that the content of OH- in FHA obtained at the pH value of 8.00 was noticeably higher than that obtained at the pH value of 4.46. This work could provide a new prospect for utilizing FA to prepare FHA and be of great significance.
A new biodegradable modified PVA/AZP and PCL composite scaffold for bone repair
Authors: Chen Jinqing , Huangfu Shuxian , Huang Caihao , Yu Xiaoming
Published: July 2023

The regeneration and repair of bone defects require implanting artificial bone materials with excellent mechanical and biological properties similar to human bones. However, the compressive strength and bioactivities of 3D printing biodegradable materials like PVA are usually not enough for weight-bearing bone defect repair. In this study, we added AZP (amorphous zinc phosphate) nanoparticles to increase the biological properties of PVA 3D printing scaffolds and filled PCL into PVA scaffolds to improve the mechanical properties. Our results revealed that the size of AZP nanoparticles was about 63.5 ± 29.3 nm, and PVA/AZP scaffold was printed with a pore size of 600 μm. The cell experiments showed that PVA scaffolds compounded with AZP nanoparticles can effectively promote cell proliferation. Therefore, the AZP nanoparticles have good biocompatibility, and the scaffold with AZP nanoparticles has the prospect of application in bone tissue engineering.
Surface stretch forming process based on collaborative control of sheet metal deformation and die contact state
Authors: Yang Zhen , Qian Cheng , Liu Yuezhou , Li Fengtao , Wang Yuxi , Du Chengcheng
Published: July 2023

In this study, we propose a novel method of surface stretch forming, named the Surface Stretch Forming based on Collaborative Control of Sheet Metal Deformation and Die Contact State (SF-CCDC). By controlling the motion paths of the discrete clamps, the contact process with the die, and the deformation process of the sheet metal can be changed. The processes of conventional stretch forming (SF-C) and SF-CCDC were numerically simulated. The results show that in SF-CCDC, the shearing effect of the die edge on the sheet metal can be reduced through the collaborative control of sheet metal deformation and contact with the die. Compared to SF-C, the maximum thinning rate is reduced by 50%, and the risk of stretch cracking is lower in SF-CCDC. Furthermore, both the center and edge areas of the sheet make contact with the die simultaneously, ensuring adequate deformation constraints and preventing wrinkling defects. Experiments were conducted to demonstrate the reliability and adaptability of the SF-CCDC method for forming double-curved surfaces.
A process optimization of multi-pass multi-layer laser deposition with 316 L stainless steel wire
Authors: Luo Yuanqing , Yan Fei , Chen Chaoda
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the laser metal-wire deposition (LMwD) process of 316 L stainless steel was optimized through a series of systematical experiments. In the orthogonal experiment, the influence of laser power, scanning speed, and wire feed speed on average thin wall thickness (w), the standard deviation of thin wall thickness (δ), average layer height (h), and standard deviation of layer height (α) was investigated. Additionally, several experiments were conducted to determine multi-pass overlap rates affecting the forming precision which could generate an appropriate product at the highest scanning speed possible for each laser power. The result indicates that the laser power and scanning speed are the main factors affecting forming precisions of deposited samples, while the overlap rate of deposited samples can determine forming precisions. Based on the optimized parameters, a deposition product with a gold surface and high deposition quality was successfully achieved.
Performance study of CrN coatings prepared by DC magnetron sputtering
Authors: Yang Erqi , Liu He , Zhang Gang
Published: July 2023

Cutting edge declaration strategies and the progression of advanced troublesome coating materials are fundamental for the making of high-quality mechanical components. The point of this work is to induce prepared CrN coatings by magnetron sputtering at unmistakable nitrogen stream rates and to look at the effect of moving nitrogen stream rates on the composition, film thickness and mechanical properties of the gotten chromium nitride coatings. The outcomes appear that the nitrogen stream rate impacts the sputtering rate of the coating, i.e. the affirmation rate diminishes as the degree of nitrogen interior the plasma increments. In expansion, as the nitrogen stream rate increments, the grain gage of the coating diminishes, and the hardness modulus of the coating increments. Flexibility data illustrate that extending the N2 stream rate increases the wear resistance and flexibility of the coating.
Adjustment of the Coarse Grain Problem of the Horizontal Continuous Casting Slab by Optimizing the Crystallizer Structure
Authors: Liu Jinsong , Zhang Liangli , Wang Songwei
Published: July 2023

This paper mainly focuses on the problem of coarse grain on the bottom surface of the red copper horizontal continuous casting billet, and tries to thicken the bottom end of the crystallizer by combining numerical simulation and industrial experiment, and indirectly improves the cooling strength of the bottom surface of the casting billet to solve the problem of grain coarseness. The results show that the optimum diameter of the lower inlet of the copper sleeve was 14.2 mm, when the diameter of the inlet increased from 11 mm to 14.2 mm, the cooling intensity of the lower part of the casting billet gradually increased, and the grain on the lower surface was significantly refined; and with the increase of the diameter of the water inlet, the average width of the columnar grain decreased from 1.94 mm to 1.64 mm, the grain size decreased, and the number of grains increased.
The Effect of Temperature on Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of HDR Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Lin Yufeng , Wang Xiaoqiang , Li Zhuying , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: July 2023

To study the effect of temperature on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of HDR duplex stainless steel, the corrosion resistance of HDR at different temperatures was investigated using the electrochemical test method and combined with metallographic microstructure observation and the EDS analysis based on the characteristic that the metal structure determines. The results show that the HDR contains inclusions such as silicide and nitride, mainly distributed in the ferrite phase and its boundary. The pitting of HDR occurs when the polarization potential of -0.5–1.5 V is applied at different temperatures ranging from 10 °C to 80 °C. The pitting occurs mainly in the ferrite and its boundary below 50 °C and in the austenite and ferrite tissues above 60 °C. Cl−, inclusions, and Cr oxides are the important factors affecting corrosion. The corrosion rate of HDR increases with the increase in temperature; the higher the temperature is, the more serious the corrosion is. The critical pitting temperature of HDR is between 50 °C and 60 °C. The pitting potential below 50 °C is above 0.65 V, while that above 60 °C is below 0.60 V.
Oxidation and Corrosion Resistance of Graphene-modified Silicon Oxide Coating
Authors: Liu Zitong , Xiao Xuan , Wu Yunsheng
Published: July 2023

The thermal corrosion resistance of nickel-based GH4413 alloy at the service temperature of 660 °C and the oxidation behavior at 600–700 °C after graphene modified silicon coating were studied. The morphologies and types of corrosion and oxidation products after thermal salt corrosion and constant temperature oxidation were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy spectrum, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy. The resistance of thermal corrosion and oxidation of graphene-modified silicon coating was evaluated. The results show that compared with the uncoated sample, the weight loss during thermal corrosion of the coated sample at 660 °C is lower than that of the uncoated sample. The coating partially peels off after salt corrosion up to 500 h at 660 °C. The O element diffuses into the matrix to form fine oxides, and the coating still plays a protective role on the matrix. After oxidation at 600–700 °C to 3000 h, the dense layer of Al2O3 and TiO2 and a small amount of Cr2O3 appear at the interface between the coating and the matrix without loose harmful oxidation product. The addition of graphene reduces the chemical activity of the silicon coating and makes the coating denser. Therefore, the GH4413 alloy after the graphene-modified coating has excellent resistance to thermal corrosion and oxidation at its service temperature.
Thermal deformation behavior and constitutive model of 42CrMo4 steel
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhao Hui , Liu Pengke , Wei Menghan , Gong Xun , Liu Zhanqi
Published: July 2023

42CrMo4 steel is a widely used high-strength alloy steel in various large-bearing manufacturing fields. The rheological stress curve of 42CrMo4 steel with the best heat treatment scheme was obtained through the thermal compression experiment. A mathematical model was established using the hyperbolic sine function to relate deformation temperature, strain rate, and flow stress during thermoplastic deformation. The flow stress curves of 42CrMo4 alloy steel show typical dynamic recovery and recrystallization characteristics.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Multi-principal component FeCoCrNiMox High Entropy Alloy
Authors: Wei Menghan , Zhao Hui , Zhang Yu , Gong Xun , Liu Pengke , Li Mei
Published: July 2023

High entropy alloy is considered a kind of structural and functional materials with wide application prospects. In the present work, FeCrCoNiMox was prepared and used as a research object. The influence of Mo with a large atomic radius on crystal structure, microstructure, and mechanical properties was discussed and the variation of microstructure and properties with composition was clarified. The microstructure of the alloy changes gradually from single phase FCC centered cubic solid solution structure to FCC + σ phase and FCC + σ + μ phase with increasing Mo content. The microstructure of FeCrCoNiMox also gradually changes from uniaxial crystal to dendrite and the hardness of FeCrCoNiMox changes with the change of FeCrCoNiMox microstructure. FeCrCoNiMo0.6 alloy has the highest hardness, reaching 375 HV.
Research on Photoelectric Properties of ZnO-based Semiconductor Material
Authors: Shu Xinpeng
Published: July 2023

In recent years, many semiconductor materials have been applied to the photocatalysis technology. As a semiconductor with wide band gap (3.37 eV), ZnO has received extensive attention in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants due to its rich morphology, low cost and other advantages. However, due to the wide band gap of ZnO, it can only absorb ultraviolet light (accounting for about 4% of the whole solar spectrum), which has greatly limited the application of ZnO semiconductor materials. BiOI/ZnO binary complexes were synthesized by simple hydrothermal and solvothermal methods. Their phenol degradation activities were tested under different light sources. The mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of phenol was reasonably explained by free radical trapping experiment, surface photovoltage, transient photovoltage, fluorescence and other tests.
Hot Deformation Constitutive Equation and Hot Processing Map of As-extruded Mg-1Nd-1Mn-2Zn Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Li Hao , Xu Yuanhao , Lin Biaozhi , Li Mengmei , Jiang Bingchun
Published: July 2023

Isothermal constant strain rate compression tests on Mg-1Nd-1Mn-2Zn magnesium alloys were performed using the Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation testing system at 200-350 °C and 0.001-1 s-1. The Arrhenius model was used to create the constitutive equation model. According to the processing diagram of magnesium alloy in the dynamic material model, the findings demonstrate that the peak stress increases with increasing strain rate and decreases with increasing deformation temperature. The constitutive equation model is constructed with excellent precision using the Arrhenius model, the average relative error is 4.21, and the correlation coefficient is 98 %. According to the analysis of the processing diagram, the optimum processing parameters of Mg-1Nd-1Mn-2Zn magnesium alloy are 300 °C and 0.001 s-1.
Preliminary study of Notopterus notopterus gonadal maturation using several rearing systems as the base of domestication processes
Authors: Nurhidayat N , Lukman L , Said D S , Gunawan G , Kusumah R V , Murtadho A , Murniasih S , Permana A , Ginanjar R , Sholichah L , Ardi I , Kadarini T , Sukarman  , Gustomi A , Priadi A , Kamal M M
Published: July 2023

The populations of Notopterus notopterus or commonly known as Javan Belida, in some places are rarely found and their populations have decreased. Domestication is one strategy of fisheries resources management related to the rare condition, threatened extinction, or even disappearance of fish species. Domestication is also part of the initiative for developing the aquaculture effort of this species. The purpose of this study is to assess the adaptation of N. notopterus on gonad maturation in several rearing systems as a base of the initial domestication. Fish were collected from the Rawa Pening reservoir in Central Java, Indonesia. Gonad maturation assessment was carried out on different rearing system, namely semi-ground pond, square concrete pond, three units of the oval concrete pond and square concrete pond with closed recirculation system. As a comparison, another group of fish also reared in their natural habitat using cage system. Results showed that the maturity level of female fish is the highest in an oval tube, while the lowest was in a semi-ground pond. The square concrete pond is a potential container for gonadal maturation processes since it produces from low to high levels of gonad maturity and produces the largest value of high-level gonad maturation.
Red Seaweed Porphyra spp. (Bangiales) from Urimessing Waters of Ambon Island - Maluku
Authors: Pattiasina B J , Miru R H , Loupatty J W , Pattinasarany A Y , Laimeheriwa B M , Loupatty V D , Wenno P A
Published: July 2023

A study on the cultivation of Porphyra spp. has been carried out in the waters of Ambon Island. This plant is in great favor with local communities but has not been able to meet broader demands. The purpose of this research was to look into the future of mass culture. In the splashing zone, which is about 10 m above sea level, samples of gametophyte foliose or thalli were taken. The thallus was brought to the laboratory and maintained in a 100-liter container. During the rearing period, the thallus released spermatia and fertilized carpogonia. Carpogonia develop into carposporangia and release zygotospores outside the thallus. A small zygotospore develops into a large carpospore. Carpospores are the forerunners of new sporophytes if they find the correct substrate. In the laboratory, the nacre layer of pearl oyster shells was used to replace the natural substrates. Carpospores attached to the nacre layer germinated and grew into conchocelis. The conchocelis then develops the conchosporangia outward, followed by the release of the conchospores. Conchospores are a source of new thalli grown on polyethylene nylon nets. Conchospores that grew into new thalli on nylon nets were then moved to their natural environments so they could keep growing.
Product profile and traditional dried anchovy business from Selayar Village Southeast Maluku
Authors: Matrutty Theodora E. A. A. , Rieuwpassa Fredrik , Tapotubun Alfonsina Marthina , Nanlohy H. , Tapotubun Elizabeth Juleny
Published: July 2023

Traditional dried anchovy processing from the Kei archipelago is very simple that is only through the process of drying by spreading the fish on the net or tarpaulins on the side of the road under direct sunlight. The purpose of this study was to profile the traditional dried anchovy product from Selayar Village, Southeast Maluku, including processors, businesses, and constraints faced. This study used a descriptive method to describe the profile of dried anchovy, processing, business, and constraints faced. The business profile is done through questionnaires and interviews. Data were processed using Microsoft Office Excel. The quality of dry anchovy products was considered good with the advantages of protein and mineral content. The dry anchovy production business from Selayar village is a home industry business and is an ancestral heritage and involves processors who graduated from Elementary School and High School. Marketing at the producer level is classified smoothly and conducted in the village by consumers, especially collecting merchants. Processing was done in the catch season without special treatment that is only by drying the fish with the sun so it takes a long time and very much depends on the weather.
Fish Quality Analysis and Business Development of Fishery Products Processing in Titigogoli Village Morotai Island Regency
Authors: Akerina F O , Kour F , Amahorseja A L , Ada R R , Simange R K
Published: July 2023

Morotai Island Regency is located in North Maluku Province which 89% of villages in the district are located in coastal areas which are rich in marine resource potentials. Fish is a food that is easily damaged so it is necessary to handle to maintain its quality. Fish processing also needs to be done to anticipate the abundance of catches. The problem that occurs in Titigogoli Village is the lack of fishermen’s knowledge about fish handling, as well as the lack of fish processing knowledge (fishermen’s wife) to produce the good quality products. This study aims to determine the quality of fish caught by Titigogoli Village fishermen and it’s handling method, and provide alternative businesess. This study was conducted in June - August 2022. The analysis was pH analysis and organoleptic test to see the quality of fish and SWOT analysis to formulate a strategy for developing business of fishery product. The results showed that the quality of fish was included in the fresh category with an average pH value and organoleptic were ranging from 6.20-6.43 and 7.27-9.00, respectively. The recommended alternative business is smoked fish because it quite potential. Strategy formulation for the development of fisheries businesses for fishermen/business actors in Titigogoli Village is (a) increasing the independence of fishermen/business actors through support the facilities and training in processing quality products; (b) increasing village cooperation with related agencies; (c) Improving fisheries business management; (d) Development of infrastructure to accommodate fishermen’s catch.
Handling tuna steak with co-gas and liquid smoke production waste gas
Authors: Setha B , Loppies Cindy R M , Soukotta D , Lokollo E
Published: July 2023

In this study, liquid smoke production waste gas (LSPW) was used as a substitute for carbon monoxide (CO) and filter smoke in handling frozen tuna steaks. Tuna steaks were packed in plastic bags, then inside the bag, tuna steak were sprayed with CO and LSPW, and stored at 4°C for two days. After that, each package was vacuumed and stored at -25°C for four weeks. Observation of quality deterioration of tuna steak started from the beginning of storage until the fourth week. The results showed a significant difference in the average TPC value of tuna steak sprayed with CO and LSPW during frozen storage. While the values of pH, TVB, myoglobin, and color were not significantly different. Until the end of the observation, the quality of tuna steak was still relatively good with myoglobin content values of CO and LSPW treatments, respectively: 36.65±4.78 and 42.04±4.47 mg%, color 34.67±9.07 and 35.67±8.50 °Hue, pH 6.47±0.15 and 6.60±0.10, TVB-N 18.04±0.93 and 17.86±0.98 mg N/100g, histamine 1.92±0.05 and 1.85±0.13 ppm, and TPC 7.41x102 and 8.70x102cfu/g.
Distribution and Abundance of Shrimp Larvae in The East Beach of Aceh, East Aceh Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Tjahjo D W H , Mujiyanto  , Purnamaningtyas S E
Published: July 2023

Shrimp fisheries are one of the targets for local governments in designing and developing a marine protected area, especially in East Aceh Regency. In general, one of the efforts to preserve shrimp production requires information on larval distribution. The larval phase in the shrimp life cycle is essential for continuing stock production in nature. This study aims to analyse the distribution of shrimp larvae which become potential resources. This study was conducted at ten stations in the coastal area in April and September 2015. The data collected used a “bongo net” with a mesh size of 500 mm with a mouth opening of 60 cm and a length of 3 metres which was pulled flat at a speed of ± 2 knots for 10 minutes. Faund, the highest shrimp larvae abundance, was the family Palaemonidae. At the same time, the lowest was the family Sergestidae. In addition, found two families (Squillidae and Penaidae) were besides these, other shrimp species were grouped in the unidentified category. To conduct further research, such as analysis of habitat utilisation and degradation status that can affect shrimp stocks, risk assessment and evaluation, and support factors, as input in determining the conservation area of shrimp resources.
The Local Wisdom Knowledge Applied in The management of Coastal Resources at Ilili Village, Western Seram District, Indonesia
Authors: Tetelepta J M S , Abrahamsz J , Mamesah J A B , Pattikawa J A , Wawo M , Al Hamid F
Published: July 2023

The local knowledge system puts the cultural capacity, knowledge system, religious value, tradition, and social capital as important in managing natural resources. The local community of Ilili Village has used the local wisdom, locally called sasi and siritaun in coastal resources management. The coastal natural resources managed through this local wisdom are sea cucumber, top shell, green turban, and fish. The objective of this study was to identify factors that affect the status of local wisdom implemented in the effectiveness of fish resource sustainability. The study was conducted from April to June 2022, and a purposive sampling method was used for respondent selection. FGD and interviews were used to collect the data. The Rapid appraisal of fisheries (Rapfish) was used to assess the local wisdom status, and the DPSIR conceptual model framework was used to propose the strategy for sustainable management of sasi and siritaun (local wisdom). The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to propose a priority strategy from a multicriteria strategy objective. The study shows that the local wisdom was generally fair sustained with ecology sustained while institutional was less sustained. There were seven strategies proposed for sustainable management at the first level criteria and three additional strategies at the second level. The combined strategy proposed following its ranking were the implementation of local wisdom, the establishment of village regulation, and the increase in the local community income.
Global Warming Potential of Carbon dioxide and Methane Emission from Mangrove Sediment in Waiheru Coastal, Ambon Bay.
Authors: Kesaulya I , Rahman  , Haumahu S , Krisye
Published: July 2023

Mangroves can store carbon. However, it also produces carbon emissions by degrading organic matter in mangrove sediments. This research was conducted in a mangrove ecosystem at Waiheru, in the inner Ambon bay, to determine CO2 and CH4 emissions and their potential for global warming (GWP) from mangrove sediments. Gas is taken through a syringe mounted on the hood. Gas concentration analysis used the gas chromatography method, while the average gas concentration in each sediment was tested using ANOVA Single Factor. The results showed that the average concentration of CO2 gas was significantly different for each sediment (P-value <0.05), while the average concentration of CH4 gas was not significantly different (P-value >0.05). The largest CO2 gas emission in mangrove sediments in Waiheru Village was found in sandy mud sediments with an emission value of 136.99 mg.m−2.h−1, and the lowest was in sand sediments, namely 13.01 mg.m−2.h−1. Meanwhile, the largest emission of CH4 gas was in silty sand sediments, namely 0.32 mg.m−2.h−1, and the lowest was in sandy mud sediments, namely 0.15 mg.m−2.h−1. Fluctuations in carbon gas emissions in each sediment are inversely proportional, which indicates that the formation of CH4 gas is obtained through ethanol reduction, which utilizes CO2 gas concentrations. The total GWP in the mangrove sediments of Waiheru Village is 231.58 mg.m−2.h−1. The GWP contributed by the type of sandy silt sediment was 140.72 CO2-eq mg.m−2.h−1, muddy sand was 70.95 mg.m−2.h−1, and sand sediment was 19.91 CO2-eq mg.m−2. h−1.
Phytoplankton abundance and diversity in the Northern Banda Sea
Authors: Kesaulya Irma , Haumahu Sarah , Triyulianti Iis , Widiaratih Rikha , Oktavianto E A , Rugebregt M J , Kalambo Y L , Fadhilah Affan
Published: July 2023

Although phytoplankton of the Banda Sea has been studied since 1970s, its information is still limited. In order to provide a better understanding of phytoplankton diversity, during the Expedition of Jala Citra 2 Banda 2022, phytoplankton sampling was done in the surface waters at five stations in the northern Banda Sea. The purpose of this study was to analyze the abundance and species composition of phytoplankton during the southeast monsoon season. Phytoplankton samples were taken at different mixing layers, kept them into sample bottle and were identify in the laboratory of Deep Sea Research Centre BRIN Ambon. Chemical and physical parameters were measured simultaneously. A total of 64 species of phytoplankton were found and they composed of diatom which the most diversified group with 48 species, followed by dinoflagellate with 16 species. Among diatoms, most dominant species were contributed by Thalassionema nitzschiodes (3640-1,266,573 cell/m3) and Thalassionema fraunfeldii (2800-288,570 cell/m3) followed by Chaetoceros sp and Skeletonema costatum. These dominant species composition were different from previous reports. Most of these species were found in a chain. For the dinoflagellates Ceratium longipes (280-5,231 cell/m3) dan Ceratium vulvur (280-1.960 cell/m3) were identified as the dominant species. The cell count of total phytoplankton varied from 280-1,266,573 cell/m3. Spesies diversity index was calculated using Shannon’s formula (H’) and dominance index (D) range from 1.089-2.552 and 0.117-0.418, respectively. Water temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen ranged from 26.7-29.5°C, 33-34 ppt, 7.85-8.14, and 5.57-7.03 mg/l, respectively.
Spectrofluorometric determination of cinacalcet hydrochloride: greenness assessment and application to biological fluids and in-vitro dissolution testing
Authors: Abo Zaid Mona H , El-Enany Nahed , Mostafa Aziza E , Hadad Ghada M , Belal Fathalla
Published: July 2023

A facile, simple, green and sensitive spectrofluorometric method was developed for determination of the calcimimetic drug cinacalcet hydrochloride. It is used for the treatment of hyperparathyroidism. The drug showed high native fluorescence intensity at 320 nm after excitation at 280 nm. The method was linear over the range of 5.0–400.0 ng ml−1 with excellent correlation (R2 = 0.9999). Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) values were 1.19 and 3.62 ng ml−1, respectively. The percentage recovery was found to be 100.42% ± 1.39 (n=8). The proposed method was successfully applied for determination of cinacalcet in spiked human plasma samples with % recoveries of (87.23 to 109.69%). Two recent greenness metrics (GAPI and Analytical Eco-Scale) were chosen to prove the eco-friendly nature of the method. Furthermore, the proposed method was successfully applied to dissolution study of commercial cinacalcet tablets. The interference likely to be introduced by some commonly co-administrated drugs such as metoprolol and itraconazole was studied; the tolerance limits were calculated.
Development of a scoring system to identify high-yield specimens for bacterial broad-range 16S rRNA gene PCR with sequencing at a tertiary care medical center
Authors: Dumm Rebekah E , Glaser Laurel J , Rodino Kyle G
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Broad-range bacterial polymerase chain reaction with sequencing (BRBPS) provides valuable diagnostic data, especially in cases of culture-negative infections. However, as BRBPS testing demonstrates generally low positivity, cost per impactful result can be high and commonly involves longer turnaround times compared with other methods, targeting use of this assay to high-yield situations remains a challenging goal. Diagnostic stewardship can help alleviate these challenges and increase clinical utility, yet not all laboratories have a dedicated stewardship team, and little formal guidance exists on identifying high-yield samples outside of specific clinical syndromes. In this study, we performed a retrospective review of 86 BRBPS orders from a tertiary care medical center, with a focus on identifying high-yield cases using an infectious markers scoring system, visualized inflammation or organism (VIO) score, to predict return of actionable diagnostic data.

Methods

Using chart review, we evaluated how results from high VIO score or low VIO score specimens contributed to clinical management.

Results

Testing low VIO score samples identified an organism in only 10% of samples, and of these positive results, 33% were considered to represent contamination. Despite negative routine workup and no identified pathogen via BRBPS, broad antimicrobial treatment was continued in 85% of cases with a low VIO score. In contrast, specimens with high VIO scores were more predictably positive by BRBPS, identified organisms that were universally considered pathogens, and provided opportunities to target or de-escalate antimicrobial therapy.

Conclusions

This study describes the VIO scoring system to guide the identification of high-yield samples and steward the appropriate use of BRBPS testing.
Morphologic, immunophenotypic, molecular genetic, and clinical characterization in patients with SRSF2-mutated acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Tatarian Joshua , Tupper Natalie , Li Peng , Feusier Julie , Abdo Maryam , Hyter Stephen , Gonzales Patrick R , Zhang Da , Woodroof Janet , Kelting Sarah , Godwin Andrew K , Cui Wei
Published: July 2023

Objectives

SRSF2 mutations are known to be associated with poor outcomes in myelodysplastic neoplasm, but studies on their prognostic impact on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain limited. In this retrospective study, we analyzed clinical and pathologic characteristics of patients with AML and correlated the outcomes with SRSF2 mutations.

Methods

We characterized the morphologic, immunophenotypic, molecular, and clinical findings in AML with mutated SRSF2 and compared them with SRSF2 wild-type (WT) myeloid neoplasms (MNs).

Results

Using next-generation sequencing, we identified 134 patients with MNs and SRSF2 mutations (85 with AML and 49 with MNs) in addition to 342 SRSF2-WT AMLs. Fifty-two (62%) patients with altered SRSF2 demonstrated a variable degree of morphologic dysplasia. The most frequent immunophenotypic aberrancies in SRSF2-mutant AML included diminished CD33 expression and overexpression of CD7, CD56, or CD123, similar to WT AML. More IDH1/2 (P = .015) and NPM1 (P = .002) mutations were seen in SRSF2-mutant AML than in SRSF2-mutant non-AML. Further, more IDH1/2, ASXL1, RUNX1, and STAG2 mutations were observed in SRSF2-mutant AML than in SRSF2-WT AML (P < .0001 to P = .001). Finally, patients with SRSF2-mutant AML showed a significantly worse overall survival (OS) than patients with SRSF2-WT AML (P < .0001), but this worse OS appeared to be rescued by allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT).

Conclusions

Acute myeloid leukemia with altered SRSF2 shows a variable degree of morphologic dysplasia without uniform immunophenotypic aberrancies. SRSF2 mutations appear to be independent poor prognostic factors, but allo-SCT has improved the clinical outcomes in patients with SRSF2-mutant AML.