bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Вопросы продовольственного снабжения населения в 1960-1980-е гг. в материалах Государственного архива Алтайского края
Authors: Демчик Евгения Валентиновна , Гряникова Галина Андреевна
Published: January 2020

Представлен опыт работы с документами из фондов Государственного архива Алтайского края, относящихся к вопросу продовольственного снабжения населения края в 1960-1980-е гг. Проведен анализ степени объективности этого вида источников, полноты содержания, осуществлена попытка оценить роль архивных материалов в изучении истории торговли продовольственными товарами и предприятий общественного питания в отдельных городах и крае в целом. Сметы и штатные расписания финансовых учреждений и промышленных предприятий городов края освещают степень их взаимосвязи с торговыми организациями, структуру и уровень развития городских отделов торговли плодоовощными и пищевыми товарами, как следствие, организацию розничной торговой сети. Сделан вывод о том, что несмотря на высокую степень следования действующей идеологии при составлении текстов документов того периода, приведение цифровых показателей к абсолютным в соответствии с установленными государственными планами, не стоит исключать ценность имеющегося материала в изучении актуальных проблем системы продовольственного снабжения, качественного уровня обслуживания и количественных показателей потребления продуктов. Однако необходимо находить подтверждение содержащейся в финансовых и отчетных документах информации в других источниках по теме исследования.
«Новая дипломатия» Д. Ллойд Джорджа на путях от войны к миру, 1916-1922 гг.: проблема современной интерпретации
Authors: Аршинцева Ольга Алексеевна
Published: January 2020

В статье предпринимается попытка в качестве основного предмета переосмыслить британскую внешнюю политику в период пребывания у власти военного кабинета и коалиционного правительства Д. Ллойд Джорджа (1916-1922 гг.) на основе концепта «публичной («новой») дипломатии». Автор исследует международно-политические изменения и перемены в состоянии общественного мнения как в Британии, так и по всему миру, наметившиеся к концу Первой мировой войны, в также их влияние на Дэвида Ллойд Джорджа, складывание его особого политического стиля и предпочтений в пользу персональной дипломатии встреч и переговоров. В силу междисциплинарного характера исследования были использованы методы как исторического, так и политического анализа. Представлены различные точки зрения современных зарубежных историков на стиль политического лидерства и внешнюю политику Ллойд Джорджа и на основе их сопоставления сформулирована новая версия истоков публичной дипломатии. Что касается конкретной проблемы, то Ллойд Джордж, обращаясь к широкой аудитории в стране и за рубежом, умело формировал благоприятное для Великобритании общественное мнение и обеспечивал продвижение британских интересов. В результате оценки достижений и просчетов британского премьера исследователь приходит к заключению о значительном вкладе британской политической элиты в становление как публичной дипломатии, так и современной политической культуры в целом.
Política Educacional: Uma Visão com Foco no Neoliberalismo / Educational Policy: A Vision Focused on Neoliberalism
Authors: Lima Maria de Fátima Teixeira , Pinheiro Cícera Cíntia Morais , Olinda Sahmaroni Rodrigues de
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta o tema Política Educacional com foco no Neoliberalismo, entendendo que existe uma complexidade e um questionamento referente à temática, já que são visíveis nesse panorama, situações explícitas de hesitação. Como compreender sua dinâmica e sua efetivação. Assim como a especificidade de sua constante variação. O artigo problematiza uma produção com relação à política educacional e tendências, vislumbrando especialmente as ideias neoliberalistas e seus impactos no seio educacional, suas implicâncias no âmbito social. Traz as inter-relações na geração de trabalho, como este influencia as políticas voltadas para a educação, como a educação deve percorrer seus caminhos certificando seu caráter transformador. Assim o objetivo da pesquisa é estudar as variantes, sua aplicabilidade e sua ressonância no contexto educacional. Para tanto se recorre à metodologia, tipo revisão bibliográfica. É possível perceber que os autores corroboram que a educação deve ser uma preocupação política visando à equidade e a qualidade o que se distancia do modelo neoliberalista.
Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Colitis
Authors: Bellaguarda Emanuelle , Hanauer Stephen
Published: January 2020

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized treatment and overall survival for several different types of cancer. Antibodies to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 and to programmed cell death protein 1 and its ligand enhance cytotoxic T-cell survival, thus augmenting antitumor action and consequently inducing immune-related adverse events, of which the most relevant is diarrhea and colitis. This review compiles recent data on pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of immune-mediated colitis (IMC). The pathogenesis of IMC is not completely understood, but recent studies have focused on the role of regulatory T cells and interactions with the gut microbiome. While sharing similarities with inflammatory bowel disease, IMC is considered a distinct form of colitis with acute onset and rapid progression leading to potential complications including bowel perforation and death. Prompt recognition and management of IMC is imperative for optimal outcomes. Although prospective clinical trials are lacking to guide therapy, recent guidelines recommend early endoscopic evaluation to establish the diagnosis and prompt initiation of corticosteroids. Response to first-line therapy should be assessed early to determine the need of escalation to biologic agents. With treatment, most patients will experience full resolution of symptoms, and subsequent rechallenge with anti–programmed cell death protein 1 or anti–programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors can be considered.
Psicologia Positiva no cinema e a resiliência do outro
Authors: Fortunato Ivan , Schwartz Gisele Maria
Published: January 2020

Este artigo trata da peculiar relação tripartida entre o cinema, a Psicologia Positiva e aresiliência. Apresenta-se uma forma de resiliência nomeada “do outro”, baseada em“enfrentar”, para conseguir superar uma limitação que acaba por limitar as ações, restringindoa felicidade. Para isso, buscaram-se filmes edificantes, que correspondam aos critérios daPsicologia Positiva, para ilustrar distintas formas de enfrentamento capazes de controlar (e atéprevenir) abalos físicos e emocionais provocados pelos limites impostos por outros, com aintenção de restringir a felicidade. As histórias selecionadas contam enfretamentos bemdíspares: enquanto o pianista David Helfgott, no filme Shine (1996), precisa confrontar opróprio pai na busca por seu lugar de bem-estar emocional na vida, o político profissionalHarvey Milk, no longa-metragem que leva seu nome, Milk (2008), se vê diante uma massacontrária à existência de membros da comunidade LGBTI na vida pública norte-americana.
Atuação do professor de psicologia em foco
Authors: Silva Pollyane Lisita , Silva Elilany Elias , Silva Janaína Cassiano , Campos Maurício
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho descreve a prática de estágio de licenciatura em Psicologia realizada com alunos do segundo ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola municipal situada em uma região periférica de uma cidade do sudeste goiano. Embora a temática trabalhada seja referente à preservação ambiental, foi possível tangenciar vários temas pertinentes à Psicologia, especificamente no encontro com a Educação, o que reafirma a contribuição do licenciado neste saber e, no acompanhamento, observação da turma, bem como nas três regências realizadas. O licenciado em Psicologia encontra por vezes dificuldades em diferenciar sua prática daquela do profissional de Psicologia Escolar, assim, buscou-se discutir uma prática contextualizada, utilizando-se para isso a referida atuação em licenciatura e suscitando questionamentos pertinentes à mesma.
Escala de engajamento no trabalho
Authors: Soares Formiga Nilton , Araújo Iriane Teresa , Guedes Pastana Sheila Trícia , Brenner Barreto Miranda Ana Lucia , Looman Mafra Anthonieta
Published: January 2020

Compreende-se engajamento no trabalho como um estado mental de entusiasmo em que o trabalhador se envolve nas suas funções organizações. Na área da psicologia organizacional positiva esse tema tem sido uma abordagem teórica que tem em contribuindo para avaliação da qualidade de vida no trabalho com foco na potencialização do desenvolvimento humano do trabalhador. Neste estudo, pretendeu-se verificar a consistência da escala de engajamento no trabalho em trabalhadores brasileiros, bem como, avaliar as diferenças nos escores dos respondentes em função de variáveis sociodemográficas. Participaram 310 trabalhadores, de 19 a 51 anos, 62 % do sexo feminino e 68% com renda econômica acima de 2.000,00 reais.Através de um link enviado para o seu e-mail pessoal ou rede social eles responderam a escala de engajamento no trabalho e dados sociodemográficos. Indicadores psicométricos revelaram a permanência confiável da medida de engajamento para o contexto organizacional. Pode-se afirmar que esta escala, corrobora a capacidade de avaliação do construto, bem como, sustenta a perspectiva teórica abordada destinada a pesquisa com trabalhadores. Com isso, é possível utilizar esta escala para avaliar e intervir no desenvolvimento psicológico do trabalhador e sua auto-avaliação sobre o papel profissional e a função organizacional na gestão de pessoas.
UNBALANCED DISTRIBUTION OF FOOD
Authors: Sarikaya Buse
Published: January 2020

While people starve every day, food is being wasted. Simultaneously a food shortage does not exist on our planet. There is no lack of food. Production and distribution are the two primary causes of this problem. Unbalanced nutrition is the cause of obesity, overweight and hunger. Insufficient food intake causes nutritional problems such as vitamin and Iodine deficiency, Anaemia, Underweight and Stunting, Low birth weight, Protein-Energy Malnutrition, excess intake of food causes. However, nutritional health problems are not only caused by the absense of food but also from excessive food intake causing diabetes, hypertension, heart diseases etc. These all health problems effect societies worldwide. Bringing the global burden of diet-related noncomunicable diseases under control and enhancing public nutrition and health requires a muti-diciplinary approach.
THE JOB GUARANTEE: FULL EMPLOYMENT, PRICE STABILITY AND SOCIAL PROGRESS
Authors: EHNTS DIRK H. , HÖFGEN MAURICE
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the idea of the Job Guarantee (JG), which is a logical extension of the paradigm of a tax-driven fiat currency. The JG involves the government offering a public purpose-oriented job with a fixed hourly wage and job benefits to anyone willing to work. The JG as a bottom-up approach is locally administered but federally funded. As the analytical lens of MMT reveals, a monetarily sovereign government is always able to provide the spending required. Macroeconomically, the JG works as an automatic countercyclical stabilizer and an excellent tool for aggregated demand management, ensuring the economy is continuously operating at full capacity. On top, the JG uses an employed buffer stock approach as a superior means to maintain price stability. Next to its favourable macroeconomic impacts, the JG offers many social benefits, particularly related to continuous employment, working conditions in the private sector, power relations in the labour market and democracy. While the JG and Universal Basic Income (UBI) are often discussed as comparable, competing policy proposals, the JG addresses more macroeconomic and social issues than the UBI does. This paper concludes that the JG qualifies for being the single most effective policy in order to drive the economy towards continuous full employment and price stability while realizing additional social benefits.
The politicization of otherness and the privatization of the enemy: Cultural hindrances and assets for active citizenship
Authors: Mannarini Terri , Salvatore Sergio
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the article is to discuss the cultural hindrances and assets that promote constructive self-to-others relationships and active citizenship. Building on Carl Schmitt’s friend-enemy distinction, we argue that in contemporary societies the public and the private dimensions of the enemy have conflated, as the result of two concurrent phenomena: the politicization of otherness and the privatization of enemies. An integrated framework including approaches of social psychology and semiotic cultural psychology is proposed to account for both phenomena. The notions of symbolic universes and semiotic capital are introduced as key concepts to understand the current socio-political dynamics and to promote fairer, more inclusive societies.
Tort’s Indifference: Conformity, Compliance, and Civil Recourse
Authors: Azmat Ahson
Published: January 2020

Leading accounts of tort law split cleanly into two seams. Some trace its foundations to a deontic form of morality; others to an instrumental, policy-oriented system of efficient loss allocation. An increasingly prominent alternative to both seams, Civil Recourse Theory (CRT) resists this binary by arguing that tort comprises a basic legal category, and that its directives constitute reasons for action with robust normative force. Using the familiar question whether tort’s directives are guidance rules or liability rules as a lens, or prism, this essay shows how considerations of practical reasoning undermine one of CRT’s core commitments. If tort directives exert robust normative force, we must account for its grounds—for where it comes from, and why it obtains. CRT tries to do so by co-opting H.L.A. Hart’s notion of the internal point of view, but this leveraging strategy cannot succeed: while the internal point of view sees legal directives as guides to action, tort law merely demands conformity. To be guided by a directive is to comply with it, not conform to it, so tort’s structure blocks the shortcut to normativity CRT attempts to navigate. Given the fine-grained distinctions the theory makes, and with the connection between its claims and tort’s requirements thus severed, CRT faces a dilemma: it’s either unresponsive to tort’s normative grounds, or it’s inattentive to tort’s extensional structure.
Performative speech act verbs and sincerity in Anglo-Norman and Middle English letters
Authors: Williams Graham Trevor
Published: January 2020

This paper investigates performative manifestations of sincerity across Anglo-Norman and Middle English. In particular, it locates adverbial sincerity markers used to qualify performative speech act verbs in late medieval letters (fourteenth and fifteenth centuries), at a point when Middle English was rapidly replacing Anglo-Norman as the vernacular of epistolarity in England. Employing historical dictionaries and corpora, the study 1) locates the range of words for ‘sincerity’ from a time when the modern lexeme had yet to be borrowed in either vernacular, and 2) demonstrates that while it is clear that Middle English epistolarity was greatly influenced by Anglo-Norman, quantitative and qualitative analyses suggest that sincerity markers were much less commonplace in Middle English performatives, which further suggests ways in which the communicative ideal and practice of sincerity were reanalyzed from one language to the next.
Chaos synchronization of fractional–order discrete–time systems with different dimensions using two scaling matrices
Authors: Ouannas Adel , Bendoukha Samir , Khennaoui Amina–Aicha , Grassi Giuseppe , Wang Xiong , Pham Viet-Thanh
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we study the synchronization of fractional–order discrete–time chaotic systems by means of two scaling matrices Θ and Φ. The considered synchronization scheme can be tailored to encompass several types of classical synchronization types. We proposed two nonlinear control strategies for the Θ–Φ synchronization of an m–dimensional drive system and an n–dimensional response system, whereby the synchronization dimension d = m and d = n, respectively. Numerical examples are presented to test the findings of the study.
Hochgenaue Kalibrierung eines holografischen Multi-Punkt-Positionsmesssystems
Authors: Hartlieb Simon , Tscherpel Michael , Guerra Flavio , Haist Tobias , Osten Wolfgang , Ringkowski Michael , Sawodny Oliver
Published: January 2020

Mit einem Multi-Punkt-Positionsmesssystem ist es möglich, Positionen und Orientierungen mit sehr hoher Genauigkeit bildbasiert zu messen. Das Messsystem besteht aus einem einfachen Kamerasystem, das um ein diffraktives optisches Element (DOE) erweitert wird. Durch die Multi-Punkt-Methode (MPM) werden Messunsicherheiten von deutlich unter 1/100 Pixel erzielt. Um dies in der Praxis anwenden zu können, ist eine entsprechend hochgenaue Kalibrierung nötig. In diesem Beitrag werden verschiedene Kalibrierverfahren und -funktionen vorgestellt und untersucht. Die Auswertung zeigt, dass sich zur Kalibrierung ein allgemeiner Polynomansatz zusammen mit der Nanomess- und Positioniermaschine NPMM-200 am besten eignet. Es werden Standardabweichungen des Restfehlers von 0,31 µm im Objektraum (etwa 6/1000 Pixel im Bildraum) auf einer Fläche von etwa

87

mm
×
49

mm

87\hspace{0.1667em}\text{mm}\times 49\hspace{0.1667em}\text{mm}

erreicht (Polynomgrad = 9).
Kinetic and thermodynamic study of beta-Boswellic acid interaction with Tau protein investigated by surface plasmon resonance and molecular modeling methods
Authors: Haghaei Hossein , Aref Hosseini Seyed Rafie , Soltani Somaieh , Fathi Farzaneh , Mokhtari Farzad , Karima Saeed , Rashidi Mohammad-Reza
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Beta-Boswellic acid (BBA) is a pentacyclic terpene which has been obtained from frankincense and its beneficial effects on neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been addressed.
 Methods: In the present study, thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of BBA interaction with Tau protein as one of the important proteins involved in AD in the absence and presence of glucose has been investigated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method. Tau protein was immobilized onto the carboxy methyl dextran chip and its binding interactions with BBA were studied at physiological pH at various temperatures. Glucose interference with these interactions was also investigated.
 Results: Results showed that BBA forms a stable complex with Tau (KD=8.45×10-7 M) at 298 K. Molecular modeling analysis showed a hydrophobic interaction between BBA and HVPGGG segment of R2 and R4 repeated domains of Tau.
 Conclusion: The binding affinity increased by temperature enhancement, while it decreased significantly in the presence of glucose. Both association and dissociation of the BBA-Tau complex were accompanied with an entropic activation barrier; however, positive enthalpy and entropy changes revealed that hydrophobic bonding is the main force involved in the interaction.
ХУДОЖНЯ ЕКСПЛІКАЦІЯ ПРОБЛЕМИ ГЕНЕТИЧНОГО СПАДКУ В ТВОРЧОСТІ ЛЕСІ УКРАЇНКИ ТА ЮРІЯ КОСАЧА
Authors: Стасюк Галина
Published: January 2020

У статті проаналізовано особливості функціонування парадигми спадкових заданостей у семантичному полі художнього цілого. Аналіз здійснено наматеріалі творів Лесі Українки та Юрія Косача.
Course of the Diverticular Disease: What is changing?
Authors: MILOSAVLJEVIĈ Tomica , Brandimarte Giovanni , Stollman Neil , Barbara Giovanni , Lahat Adi , Scarpignato Carmelo , Lanas Angel , Papa Valerio , Tursi Antonio , Nardone Gerardo
Published: January 2020

In this session several critical issues in diverticular disease were considered, including “It is Symptomatic Diverticular Disease or Irritable Bowel Syndrome?”, “What do determine evolution to diverticulitis, bowel habits alteration or inflammation?”, and “Prevention of acute diverticulitis: Is it at all possible?”.

The first talking compared symptoms and laboratory findings between Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease  (SUDD) and Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Although both disease share some symptoms, and although IBS can occur in patients having diverticulosis,  SUDD and IBS can be differentiate using a combination of symptoms and laboratory tools.

The second talking debated what are the most important risk factors for the evolution towards acute diverticulitis. Current data seem to exclude a significant role of bowel habits alteration, while inflammation seems to have a stronger role, especially in causing acute diverticulitis recurrence.

The third talking analyzed about the acute diverticulitis prevention. Primary prevention seem to be little better when using mesalazine, while no definite conclusion can be drawn about the use of fiber and rifaximin. About the secondary prevention, no drugs can be currently advised due to lacking of definite results. At the same time, surgery should be advised on case-by-case basis.
International Consensus on Diverticulosis and Diverticular Disease. Statements from the 3rd International Symposium on Diverticular Disease
Authors: Tursi Antonio , Brandimarte Giovanni , Di Mario Francesco , Lanas Angel , Scarpignato Carmelo , Bafutto Mauro , Barbara Giovanni , Bassotti Gabrio , Binda Gian Andrea , Biondi Alberto , Biondo Sebastiano , Cambiè Ginevra , Cassieri Claudio , Crucitti Antonio , Dumitrascu Dan L. , Elisei Walter , Escalante Ricardo , Herszènyi László , Kruis Wolfgang , Kupcinskas Juozas , Lahat Adi , Lecca Piera Giuseppina , Maconi Giovanni , Malfertheiner Peter , Mazzari Andrea , Mearìn Fermìn , Milosavljeviċ Tomica , Nardone Gerardo , Chavez De Oliveira Enio , Papa Alfredo , Papagrigoriadis Savvas , Pera Miguel , Persiani Roberto , Picchio Marcello , Regula Jaroslaw , Štimac Davor , Stollman Neil , Strate Lisa L. , Violi Alessandra , Walker Marjorie M.D.
Published: January 2020

The statements produced by the Chairmen and Speakers of the 3rd International Symposium on Diverticular Disease, held in Madrid on April 11th-13th 2019, are reported. Topics such as current and evolving concepts on the pathogenesis, the course of the disease, the news in diagnosing, hot topics in medical and surgical treatments, and finally, critical issues on the disease were reviewed by the Chairmen who proposed 39 statements graded according to level of evidence and strength of recommendation. Each topic was explored focusing on the more relevant clinical questions. The vote was conducted on a 6-point scale and consensus was defined a priori as 67% agreement of the participants. The voting group consisted of 124 physicians from 18 countries, and agreement with all statements was provided. Comments were added explaining some controversial areas.
Neuropsychological Outcomes at 19 Years of Age Following Extremely Preterm Birth
Authors: O’Reilly Helen , Johnson Samantha , Ni Yanyan , Wolke Dieter , Marlow Neil
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Children born extremely preterm (EP) (<26 weeks’ gestation) have lower cognitive scores and an increased rate of cognitive impairment compared with their term-born peers. However, the neuropsychological presentation of these EP individuals in adulthood has not been described. The aim of this study was to examine neuropsychological outcomes in early adulthood after EP birth in the 1995 EPICure cohort and to investigate if the rate of intellectual impairment changed longitudinally.

METHODS:

A total of 127 young adults born EP and 64 term-born controls had a neuropsychological assessment at 19 years of age examining general cognitive abilities (IQ), visuomotor abilities, prospective memory, and aspects of executive functions and language.

RESULTS:

Adults born EP scored significantly lower than term-born controls across all neuropsychological tests with effect sizes (Cohen’s d) of 0.7 to 1.2. Sixty percent of adults born EP had impairment in at least 1 neuropsychological domain; deficits in general cognitive functioning and visuomotor abilities were most frequent. The proportion of EP participants with an intellectual impairment (IQ <70) increased by 6.7% between 11 and 19 years of age (P = .02). Visuospatial functioning in childhood predicted visuomotor functioning at 19 years.

CONCLUSIONS:

Adults born EP continue to perform lower than their term-born peers in general cognitive abilities as well as across a range of neuropsychological functions, indicating that these young adults do not show improvement overtime. The prevalence of intellectual impairment increased from 11 years into adulthood.
Psychological peculiarities in children with the autistic spectrum disorder
Authors: KACHMARYK KHRYSTYNA
Published: January 2020

The psychological peculiarities of symptom occurrence in children with autistic spec-trum disorder are outlined in this article. The views of different authors on this topic were analyzed and the direct correlation connections between the separate symptom occurren-ces were described in the article. A qualitative analysis of autistic disorder appearance in children with different levels of autism was conducted.
Time perspective and place of residence: An empirical study
Authors: SENYK OKSANA M.
Published: January 2020

The article focuses on relationship between time perspective and place of residen-ce. Five hundred and eleven Ukrainian participants completed the Zimbardo Time Per-spective Inventory [Ukrainian language version by Oksana Senyk (Senyk, 2012)] and a questionnaire that included the question about participants’ current place of residence and their place of residence in childhood. Answers to the questionnaire made it possible to consider in the research respondents’ change of residential place and its relation to the formation of different time orientations. The results have shown that the individu-al’s time perspective is influenced not by the specific life situation represented by his past or current place of residence, but upon his whole life story that includes changing different residential settlements. The research has also indicated that among all types of settlements rural settlements most significantly contribute to the development of time orientation towards a positive past.
Integrism towards contemporary Christian religious education and teaching of the Second Vatican Council
Authors: FIGIEL DOMINIK
Published: January 2020

Intercultural education as a result of social changes has allowed expansion of dialogue boundaries. As a result, a new approach to religious education has been formed. First of all, it was the emergence of streams and processes affecting the perception, meaning and place of Christian religion in the contemporary world. This was connected with the Second Vatican Council and the effects of the decisions concerning religion. The new slogans propagated by a modernist environment such as religious freedom or ecumenism, led to the opposition in traditionalist circles. The most radical attitude was presented by The Saint Pius X Fraternity and its founder Marcel Lefebvre. All views, attitudes and actions directed towards the objec-tion to modernist changes are called integrism, and its representatives are integrists.
Holistic education: the social reality of engineering
Authors: TRBUŠIĆ HELENA
Published: January 2020

Over the last few decades, scientists exploring the aspects of engineering education and investigating the strong connection between the engineering profession and society have argued for a more rounded, holistic approach to the engineering curriculum. In addition to fundamental technical subjects, they have proposed the inclusion of a broad range of social subjects in order to equip young engineers with social and communication skills relevant for teamwork, and to enhance their awareness about both the way social changes influence the implementation of certain engineering solutions and about the way develop-ments in engineering have a considerable impact on society in general. This paper presents the results of a two-year qualitative study of the importance of social subjects within the engineering academic curriculum at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Ar-chitecture in Zagreb, Croatia.
The Graduate Tracking and Attainment Model at the University of Pécs
Authors: SIPOS NORBERT , KURÁTH GABRIELLA
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the Hungarian higher education system facing changes since 1990. The three major challenges are: the decreasing number of students enrolling since the ‘golden age’ ended; the Bologna-Process and its influence since its introduction in 2006 and the uncertainty about the future role of the state in educational finance. The institutions have to take these changes and the effects on their situation into account and they need to flnd a way to benefit from them. Thanks to Graduate Follow-Up System (GFS) research, they can measure the new graduates performance on the labour--market, their job-related satisfaction levels and possibilities, and furthermore they can have direct information about employers’ expectations, first of all on the level of working skills. This information can be used for the creation of a different approach of how to think about the students and which services could be offered to them. In the following analysis we use data from research conducted in the last three years at the University of Pécs.The focused energy and resource investment is more effective if it is based on specific training and education packages offered within the Alumni framework. It can increase the results of an even more successful Alma Mater service; furthermore it can improve the self-identification of the institution, therefore it is important to have a long-term strategy.
Not teaching, but coaching creating a self-development culture in a classroom
Authors: GROCHALSKA MONIKA
Published: January 2020

Nowadays we hear a lot about coaching, but what does coaching really mean? Why does it matter? What is more, the notion of edu-coaching has also emerged in recent years, and this idea seems to be gaining popularity. But can coaching replace traditional classro-om education? To what extent could it be useful at school?In the first part of this article I would like to define what coaching is, how it is different from mentoring and how it can be used to support pupils and teachers at personal, team and whole school levels. Undoubtedly, there are obvious benefits of coaching for students, staff, school as well as coaches.There are three core skills of coaching: listening, questioning and reviewing. To be a good coach, a teacher should understand how to be a good listener and how to ask proper coaching questions. They should ask questions that help them and the coached/the pupil to review, reflect and to clarify matters throughout the lesson. There are some coaching tools that can be used at various stages of the coaching process at school, including the balance wheel, rating scale, bisociation, viewpoints and motiva-tional record. A teacher can successfully use coaching on the basis of the GROW (Goal, Reality, Options and Will) model. It can support the teacher’s development and his practice as a coach. As indicated in the on-line articles for teachers, starting professional training is also worthwhile. During the training, a teacher can learn how to develop classroom practice that supports growth through the use of high level listening, questioning, reflecting and summarising. Most of professional training programs contain the following elements:• using active listening and open questions to tackle issues such as pupil behaviour, • reaching their full potential by putting in place realistic goals and plans to achievethem,• taking responsibility for their own progress through change,• building rapports that can turn previously difficult interactions into productive ones.Such skills allow the teachers to create a self-development culture in their classrooms.I would like to ponder upon whether these theses have substantive grounds or perhaps they are just empty slogans. Can a teacher also be a good coach? Is it worthwhile to im-plement coaching in the education system? How can coaching help to improve classroom management? These and some other issues will be considered in the following text.
Stigmatized by the language –Linguistic labels of the disabled peoplein Poland and the United States
Authors: ŚLEBIODA ANNA
Published: January 2020

Language is one of the elements that create reality. The following paper aims at showing the role of particular languages in constructing the image of disability. Speaking in a parti-cular way, people portray different items, persons etc. The process of the construction may result in shaping varied attitudes and emerging different labels. The paper is a comparison of words used in the  eld of disability in two countries: Poland and the United States. The vocabulary comes from two sources: in the case of Poland it is the website niepelnosprawni.plwhile in the case of the United States – the resources of Disability History Museum, which are available online. There are two reference points for the analysis. The first one is the Stigma concept by Erving Goffman. It implies stereotyping and labeling. On the other side there is the Other – the idea by Emmanuel Levinas. In turn, the basis of his approach are respect and love. The paper aims at demonstrating in which country the vocabulary used is closer to the Levinas` theory. It is also a try to show where the usage of words may be more challenging.
Soviet Dissidence and Power: on the Evolution of Forms and Methods of Interaction
Authors: Kuzmenko Dmitry A.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The article discusses the causes of anti-Soviet sentiment in the late 1960s, social preconditions of formation and development of dissident movements, influenced the transformation of social thinking in terms of rigidly ideological attitudes of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the evolution of forms and methods of interaction with the government. Methods. The author relied on a relatively historical method, which allowed to reveal some regularities in the development of Soviet dissidence, problem-chronological, contributing in chronological order to consider the process of formation of the dissident movement in close connection with the process of formation of attitude on the part of official authorities; descriptive narrative method facilitates the identification of the nature and essential content of the dissident movement and the specifics of the relationship with the authorities in a particular historical period. Results. Despite a number of steps taken by opposition movements and groups to draw the attention of the highest organs of the party and the Soviet state to the problems of Soviet society in the socio-economic, political and spiritual spheres, the authorities have not been able to find a way to adequately interact with dissidents, which ultimately led to unnecessary confrontation. Discussion and Conclusion. The inability and unwillingness of the Soviet government to conduct a constructive dialogue with the opposition, prosecutions, expulsion abroad, deprivation of citizenship, forced placement in special mental hospitals of prison type, etc., eventually led to the emigration of a solid part of the intellectual elite, which could serve the cause of the country’s renewal, and the complex of reasons for the socio-economic and political order, which the dissidents spoke about, led to the inevitable collapse of the USSR.
The Gloomy Light of Philosophical Wisdom (Comments tо Selected Parts of the Book of V. A. Kutyrev “The Owl of Minerva Flies at Dusk”)
Authors: Volkov Yuri K.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The article analyzing the conceptual content of the book of the Russian philosopher V. A. Kutyrev “The Owl of Minerva Flies at Dusk (Selected Philosophical Texts of the XXI Century)”. The book was published in 2018 and immediately aroused interest from some specialists. This particular interest can be traced to the general trend associated with the need to understand the most original developments of modern Russian philosophers. Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of this study is the method of critical analysis of V. A. Kutyrev’s book in the form of detailed commenting on the materials contained in it. As a subject for comments the materials of two key topics were chosen: human immortality and the “death” of the language. Results. A critical assessment is given of the metaphysical principles for constructing a modern picture of the world in which the uniqueness of the author’s conclusions is achieved by expanding the chosen negative-evaluative meaning. Hence the redundancy of arguments designed to prove the danger of the ideology of immortality for humanity as well, as the processes associated with the replacement of the signs and the modes of their transmission which are declared the “death” of language. Discussion and Conclusions. As follows from the analysis of the two key themes of the book the concept of a person in the Kutyrev’s anthropoconservative doctrine is used as a synonym for the concept of humanity which is an integral part of the natural macrocosm. At the same time, a conscious and responsible choice in a modern-type society can be made only by a man with the qualities of the human persona.
Formation of a New System of Taxation of the Beer Production in Russia in the second half of the 19th century (on the example of “The Provision on drinkable collecting” 1861)
Authors: Vyazovchenko Lyubov’ I.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. It is possible to call a problem of replenishment of the government budget classical and universal: it is inherent for any country during any chronological period. It was inherent also for the Russian Empire. Transformations in the sphere of indirect taxation on alcoholic products, including beer were one of opportunities to increase profitability of treasury. In 1861 “The Provision on drinkable collecting” which created the harmonious system of taxation of alcoholic products and which, with insignificant adjustments, will exist up to introduction of wine monopoly at the very end of the 19th century. Separate articles in this document were devoted to taxation of beer production: from the statement feeder of the beer producer, divisions of provinces according to classes, before penal functions, in case of violation of the law. Methods. The solution of research tasks was provided with a complex complementary theoretical (the analysis of scientific literature, comparative analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization) and empirical (studying and generalization of sources, hermeneutical) methods. Results. “The Provision on drinkable collecting” created 1861 quite effective control system and taxation of alcoholic production. Situation was applied practically in all territory of the Russian Empire, for its realization special fiscal bodies – Excise managements were created. The algorithm of actions for producers was created: filing of application about the beginning and plant operation term, inspection by officials of Excise management of production and a typo of tubs, adjustment of quantity of jams, tax payment. Conclusion. Entered in 1861. “The Provision…” and the created system of taxation and controlled situation to growth of receipts from production of alcohol in general and beer in particular that was very favorable to the state.
The Introduction of the Wine Monopoly in 1901 in Saransk District of Penza Province
Authors: Lipinskaya Ekaterina M. , Luzgin Alexander St.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The relevance of announced topic is based on search for new sources of replenishment of the state budget at the present stage. During centuries the alcohol trade is one of the most profitable contributions. In our opinion the experience of realization of alcohol state monopoly acted from 1894 to 1914 will help us to produce the measures for establishing the balance between the replenishment of state budget and the quality of life of the population. Materials and Methods. The traditional historical methods were used: comparative historical and problematic chronological. Classification and systematization were the used methods of general science. During the research the materials of Central state archive of Mordovia Republic (CSA RM) and State archive of Penza province (SAPP). Results. The growth of quantity of distilling factories was characterized. The process of formation of the production infrastructure was described. The amounts of return of state wine warehouses were specified. The typology of state wine shops located in Saransk district was determined. The inside and outside view of a standard wine shop was described. The inference about profitability of shops was made. Discussion and Conclusion. Judging by the financial report the state drinking establishments in Saransk used to bring significant profit. The increasing of treasury’s income from alcohol trade is mostly connected with a precise organization of trading and the state control of all the stages of manufacturing process.
Econometric Analysis of the Impact of the Intensity of Transboundary Activities on the Level of Economic Complexity: The Case Study of European Countries
Authors: Voloshenko Ksenia Yu. , Drok Tatiana E.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Development of countries, regions and individual ecosystems occurs in the paradigm of innovative and technological change, the crucial element being the production knowledge and competencies. Their ranging in terms of transforming the complexity of the products that the country exports has been embodied and developed in the approach of economic complexity. However, insufficient attention is paid to the study of economic complexity in the context of transboundary processes that impact the development of territories. The objective of this study is to measure the impact of the intensity of transboundary relations on the change in economic complexity through the case study of European countries using the indicators of transboundary specialization of foreign trade turnover.

Materials and Methods. The study employed the methods of econometric analysis. Information from the UN Comtrade database, as well as from the special resources for analyzing the economic complexity of countries, the Atlas of Economic Complexity and the Observatory of Economic Complexity, was used as the source data for calculations and measurements.

Results. European countries have been classified into 3 subpanels based on Gaussian mixture distributions. The intensity of the impact of the transboundary activities on the complexity of the economy has been identified employing the panel cointegration method based on the constructed models (the combined model and models with fixed and random effects), which were supplemented by data analysis using the fully modified least squares method and the dynamic least squares method. Long-term interdependence between economic complexity and the intensity of transboundary activities has been identified.

Discussion and Conclusion. It has been established that the influence of the transboundary interaction factor weakens as the economic complexity increases and under certain conditions it has a negative impact. The revealed dependence is due to the increasing role of global processes rather than the transboundary ones as the economy becomes more complex and more oriented towards the global market. The research findings contribute to further development of the Theory of Economic Complexity; they significantly expand the practical scope of its application, play an important role in understanding and further research on the opportunities and limitations for the development of territories differing in the transboundary cooperation intensity.
Analysis of the Legal and Infrastructural Basis for the Scientific and Technological Sphere in the Regions of Russia: Potential and Prospects for the Formation of Connectedness of the Country’s Territories
Authors: Smirnova Anastasia V. , Dashkova Maria O.
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The formation of regional differentiation weakens the unity and sustainability of the country’s development as a whole, which hinders its transition to an innovative economic model and joining the ranks of the of the world’s leading technological powers. The objective of this paper is to give a comprehensive analysis of the state of the regional scientific and technological sphere of eleven constituent entities of the Russian Federation and to assess the existing groundwork and potential for the formation of a single scientific and technological space.

Materials and Methods. The study has been implemented in two stages and has employed the methods of induction and deduction, as well as those of systemic and comparative analysis. The study has examined data from the Consultant Plus system and the annual monitoring survey conducted by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia through the internet portal ‘Scientific and Technological Infrastructure of the Russian Federation – Centers for Collective use of Scientific Equipment and Unique Scientific Installations’.

Results. The equipment of the legislative framework with legal and regulatory instruments in the field of science regulation has been examined; the scientific and infrastructural equipment of 11 regions has been analyzed. The existence of a strong differentiation between the studied territories has been revealed and proved. The regions that are the leaders and laggards in terms of the degree of development of the legal and infrastructural components of the scientific and technological industry have been identified.

Discussion and Conclusion. This article presents the results of the first stage of a comprehensive study which is supposed to make an attempt to build and describe a model of scientific and technological cooperation of the territories of Russia based on the case study of 11 regions. The results of the work can be useful to researchers and specialists in the field of regional development and management in the scientific and technological sphere, as well as in the field of development of scientific and technological cooperation and connectedness of territories.
Effects of intra-dentate gyrus microinjection of myokine irisin on long-term potentiation in male rats
Authors: Mohammadi Saeed , Oryan Shahrbanoo , Komaki Alireza , Eidi Akram , Zarei Mohammad
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT Induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) increases the storage capacity of synapses in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Irisin is a myokine generated from FNDC5 (a gene precursor) during exercise. Although intra-cornu ammonis 1 administration of irisin fortifies LTP in mice with Alzheimer's disease, the effects of intra-DG injection of irisin on the LTP in rats remains to be elucidated in vivo. In this study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group (saline), irisin (0.5, 1, and 1.5 μg/rat), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). After treatment, the population spike (PS) amplitude and slope of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP) were measured in the DG of rats in vivo. Moreover, following completion of the experiments, the stimulating and recording sites in the hippocampus were confirmed histologically from brain sections. Furthermore, biochemical assays like malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS) were evaluated (the antioxidant markers were analyzed in the plasma). Our results suggest that all doses of irisin (0.5, 1, 1.5 μg/rat) caused an increase in the EPSP slope and PS amplitude when compared with the control group. In addition, the results obtained showed that irisin decreased TOS and MDA levels while increasing TAC levels as a marker of lipid peroxidation in plasma. The present report provides direct evidence that irisin affects the activity-dependent synaptic plasticity in the dentate gyrus.