bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Social Isolation From The COVID-19 Lockdown on Social Anxiety in Individuals
Authors: Kim Mina , Barker Kymberli
Published: April 2023

As the world continues its second year of the COVID-19 pandemic with varying degrees of lockdown, not much is known yet about how the extended periods of social isolation have affected individuals. This study used an online survey of individuals with varying levels of social anxiety to find that social isolation from the COVID-19 lockdown exacerbated self-rated social anxiety severity in individuals and led to new problems such as feelings of depression, loneliness, and worse self-esteem. As individuals with social anxiety already struggle to or avoid seeking out help or treatment, these findings have concerning implications for the mental health treatment of individuals with social anxiety after the pandemic.
The Model Minority in the 21st Century: Marketing to Asian-Americans
Authors: Huang Yicheng , Malanka Lauren , Cho Harrison
Published: April 2023

Asian-Americans are a vastly diverse group within the U.S. that includes the immigrants and their descendants who came from Asia, a continent that contains nearly two-thirds of the world’s population. Currently, Asian-Americans as a whole make up merely 5% of the U.S. population and are concentrated in the metropolitan areas of the country. Despite their small numbers, Asian-Americans also have substantial purchasing power of nearly $1.2 trillion (Taylor & Stern, 2013). The unique and complex nature of the Asian-American market has warranted much discussion and research in the past few decades due to a desire for companies to tap into this extensive and lucrative market. As technology connects the world, and companies develop a more international audience, it may become crucial for companies to understand the perspectives of Asian-Americans as they navigate the international market. This paper will analyze the past and present perceptions of Asian-American consumers among the marketing and advertising industries while pointing out their flaws. I attempt to lay out the complex differences between the demands of Asian-Americans using the latest studies from Neilson. Companies need to not only diversify their view of Asian Americans but also use technology to identify the nuances of different Asian groups.
Основные цели использования художественной литературы на уроках истории
Authors: Замилова Римма
Published: April 2023

Статья посвящена восприятию и использованию художественной литературы на уроках истории, рассмотрению методики использования художественной литературы на уроках истории. Использование образов художественной литературы усиливает внутреннюю наглядность изложения учителем исторического материала, служит его конкретизации, возможности довести до сознания учащихся идейное содержание темы в доступном конкретном виде, способствуя более прочному закреплению в памяти учащихся изучаемого исторического материала.
Integration of Strategy Human Resource Management (SHRM) and Competitive Advantage as a Human Capital Mediator in the Performance of Private Universities
Authors: Cahyani Eni , Agusria Lesi
Published: April 2023

Objective - to analyze the development of SHRM Integration capabilities and competitive advantages as a mediator of human capital on organizational performance, taking into account the role of human capital as a source of knowledge to be managed in order to become a competitive advantage for company performance. Design/methodology/approach –researchers designed empirical studies from a sample of 61 Private Universities (PTS) in South Sumatra Province, asking the dean or head of the study program, to assess human capital, SHRM integration, competitive advantages to improve their pts performance. Analysis techniques using SEM SmartPLS. The results of human capital research on organizational performance are not supported, the SHRM Integration variable does not mediate human capital against competitive advantage and organizational performance, but competitive advantage mediates human capital against performance as well as exogenous variables. Research limitations/implications is the data collected did not meet the expected respondent data. Theoretical and practical implications – theoretically the development of the theory of the integration of SHRM with competitive advantages to the performance of non-profit organizations. Then in practice organizations can increase their commitment to human capital management through the integration of SHRM to form a competitive advantage and ultimately improve organizational performance. Originality/value – The authors examine the impact of intellectual capital dimensions, especially human capital, on the performance of non-profit organizations, namely Private Universities in developing country clusters with the integration of SHRM and competitive advantages to show the relationship between human capital after being mediated by the scheme.
HISTÓRIA E CURRÍCULO: REFLEXÕES SOBRE O ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA E O USO DAS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Silva Antônio Alexandre Soares da , Carneiro Eduardo Cipriano , Chagas Elisângela Valente , Tenório Francisca Renata Ventura , Silva Ismael Alves da
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e refletir sobre o ensino de História e o lugar da história no currículo escolar. A relação de currículo e conteúdo permeiam a produção desta obra, assim como a reflexão sobre educação e discussão acerca do papel social do professor que remonta a importância que o docente possui nos espaços educacionais, mas também da comunidade que cerca a escola, tornando-o agente transformador da comunidade em que se insere. O uso de algumas metodologias digitais fomentou a criação do material didático desenvolvido para esta obra, onde se buscou construir um ambiente de significado com a realidade dos discentes, de forma que eles se possam se tornar protagonistas neste processo de ensino.
Lei 14.181/2021 E O NOVO PLANO DE REPACTUAÇÃO DE DÍVIDAS DO CONSUMIDOR SUPERENDIVIDADO: ANÁLISE SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE FRIEDRICH A. HAYEK E EXAME DE CONSTITUCIONALIDADE
Authors: Meira Pires de Azevedo Edgar , Tinoco de Góes Ricardo
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo visa analisar o novo plano de repactuação de dívidas introduzido no Código de Defesa do Consumidor pela Lei 14.181/2021, buscando cotejá-lo com as premissas teóricas de Friedrich A. Hayek e com o texto constitucional em vigor. Metodologicamente, vale-se do método dedutivo com abordagem qualitativa, de modo a realizar investigação documental e bibliográfica. Parte-se da hipótese que o novo instituto para repactuação de dívidas do consumidor superendividado não corresponde à doutrina liberal de Friedrich A. Hayek, bem como não se coaduna com os preceitos constitucionais da isonomia e da dignidade da pessoa humana. Ao fim, confirma-se essa hipótese, de modo que a Lei 14.181/2021, especificamente, o novo plano de repactuação de dívidas, não reflete a liberdade individual “hayekeana”, bem como se mostra eivado de inconstitucionalidade.
Exploration of Factors of Failure to Comply With Home Quarantine During the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Disease in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sharhani Asaad , Mohammadi Zahra , Zarea Kourosh , Abolnezhadian Farhad , Darabiyan Pouriya , Zolghadr Shahrzad
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Preventive self-care behaviors such as home quarantine are very important in preventing COVID-19. The aim of this study was to explore the factors of non-compliance with home quarantine during the outbreak of COVID-19. Methods: This study was conducted with a qualitative content analysis approach in 2020 in Iran. In order to collect information, 24 samples were selected by purposive sampling method and semi-structured interviews were conducted with them. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and the collected data were analyzed using the contractual content analysis approach using Elo and Kingas method. Results: Analyzing the data revealed in six main themes and fourteen main categories, including: necessities for everyday activities and living (with subthemes providing the necessities of life, forced by work/job insecurity, need for fun/entertainment, sports), mental instability in adults/children (with subthemes of mental states, restlessness of children), spiritual and religious beliefs (with subthemes of belief in fate and immunity/disease immunity, right to know death), managerial problems/confusion (with subthemes of government mismanagement, expectations from the government, economic turmoil), marital incompatibility (with subthemes domestic violence), adherence to socio-cultural patterns (with the subthemes of sociocultural factors). Conclusion: According to the results, it should be noted that several factors are contributing to non-compliance with home quarantine that it is necessary for the relevant authorities to take measures to remove these obstacles and provide the necessary facilities.
Conhecimento etnobotânico no quilombo do Castainho, Garanhuns – Pernambuco
Authors: Nunes Alissandra Trajano , Lima Roberta Santos de
Published: April 2023

As comunidades quilombolas estão distribuídas em todo território brasileiro, vivendo de atividades de subsistência como agricultura e pecuária. O estudo dessas populações contribui para o registro dos saberes, da cultura e biodiversidade associada. O presente trabalho objetivou analisar o conhecimento sobre a diversidade de plantas úteis do Castainho, Garanhuns – Pernambuco. A pesquisa foi conduzida por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, associada a técnica da turnê-guiada que consiste em coletar as espécies citadas com ajuda de um especialista local. Após coleta as plantas, foram secas em estufa a 40ºC, preparadas em exsicatas e levadas para identificação.  Os dados das entrevistas foram categorizados no Excel. Análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software Bioestat 5.3. Como resultado, 64 pessoas participaram entre homens (25%) e mulheres (75%). A faixa etária dos informantes variou de 18 a 91 anos, com maior frequência na faixa de 47 a 57, idade em que houve maior número de citações. Foram registradas 158 etnoespécies dispostas em 68 famílias botânicas compostas por espécies nativas (40%) e exóticas (60%) indicadas principalmente como alimento e medicinal. A fragmentação territorial da comunidade e a expansão imobiliária no seu entorno são fatores associados localmente a redução da diversidade, o que pode justificar o menor índice de plantas nativas. A falta de interesse entre os mais jovens e o esquecimento relatado pelos idosos podem comprometer a transmissão do conhecimento. As mulheres possuem forte participação na manutenção das práticas tradicionais Elas constituem um caminho para fortalecer as relações bioculturais no Castainho.
Intelligent Video Surveillance using Deep Learning
Authors: Mrs. Shanthi S  , Ajith J  , Charan Kumar A  , Deepak Krishna K  , Gokul N
Published: April 2023

In the current era, the majority of public places such as supermarket, public garden, mall, university campus, etc. are under video surveillance. There is a need to provide essential security and monitor unusual anomaly activities at such places. The major drawback in the traditional approach, that there is a need to perform manual operation for 24 ∗ 7 and also there are possibilities of human errors. This paper focuses on anomaly detection and activity recognition of humans in the videos. The anomaly detection system uses principal component analysis network (PCANet) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to solve the problems of manual operation such as the false alarms, missing of anomalous events and locating the position of an anomaly in the video. The frames wise abnormal event is detected using principal component analysis and Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifier. The location of the abnormality in a frame is detected using Convolutional Neural Network.
Assessment of Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of NAFLD in People Living with Diabetes in India: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Electronic Medical Records Based Study
Authors: Kalra Sanjay , Kumar Das Ashok , Tiwaskar Mangesh , Prasad VG Mohan , Singh Manmohan
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a leading cause of liver disease worldwide. The prevalence of NAFLD varies depending on population studied and type of diagnostic tools used to screen or diagnose the patients. There is a strong relationship between metabolic syndrome components and NAFLD prevalence. This study aims to understand the prevalence of NAFLD along with the associated risk factors and their interaction with other comorbidities among people living with diabetes in Indian context. Materials and methods: It is a retrospective, observational study based on data retrieved from electronic medical records (EMRs) of people living with diabetes from more than 250 individual diabetes centers located in more than 30 cities across 14 states in India. Medical records of 171,996 adults living with diabetes were included in the analysis. The assessment of prevalence of NAFLD in diabetes was done using algorithm based on alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Results: Overall, 44.48% of people living with diabetes were found to have NAFLD. A significantly higher proportion of males (58.64%) had NAFLD compared to females (36.91%) (p<0.001). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence was >50% in seven of the states. People living with diabetes along with dyslipidemia and hypertension had a significantly higher prevalence of NAFLD (p<0.001). Obesity (57.1%), dyslipidemia (59.1%), and hypertriglyceridemia (42.3%) had significantly higher odds of NAFLD among people living with diabetes. Conclusion: This study highlighted high-risk categories for NAFLD in diabetes, like young, obese, hypertriglyceridemia, poor glycemic control, etc. This information will help health care providers in prioritizing screening among high-risk diabetes population.
Remission of Type 2 Diabetes: How, When, and for Whom?
Authors: Salis Sheryl , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Unnikrishnan Ranjit , Syed Shefa , Mohan Viswanathan
Published: April 2023

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is conventionally considered a progressive disorder, with most patients requiring increasingly intensive therapy to control hyperglycemia over time. Recently, there has been a major paradigm shift towards trying to reverse T2DM. Emerging evidence suggests that remission of T2DM is feasible in a subset of patients. Identification and careful selection of candidates for remission are crucial for the success of these programs. Among various dietary strategies, low-calorie diets (LCDs) and low-carbohydrate diets (LCBDs) have been demonstrated as being effective in facilitating remission of T2DM in a targeted population within a clinical setting. Remission with LCBDs may be maintained in the absence of weight loss, however, long-term evidence is limited and remission may not be maintained without long-term carbohydrate restriction, which poses major challenges. In very low-calorie diets (VLCDs), weight loss of 15 kg or greater and maintenance of weight loss is the main driver and predictor of remission. However, most individuals with T2DM were unable to maintain remission beyond 2 years, despite being on VLCDs. More data are required on the long-term sustainability of remission in an ethnically diverse population like Asian Indians with T2DM who have less obesity and hence less weight to lose. Moreover, “re-reversal” or “relapse” of diabetes can occur in a large percentage of individuals who discontinue the dietary restrictions. Hence, regular follow-up by a multi-disciplinary team to ensure sustainability of the lifestyle modification is crucial to the maintenance of remission of T2DM
A Retrospective Observational Study of Neurological Manifestations in COVID-19 (SON-CoV)
Authors: Ramrakhiani Neetu , Bhutani Neeraj , Chaudhary Deepak , Parab Pooja , Singh Karni , Agrawal Priya , Gupta Vikas
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has neurologic manifestations associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study aimed to retrospectively analyze SARS COVID-19 patients with neurological manifestations and identify patterns of presentation including the site of neuroaxis involvement, neuroimaging, and associated systemic involvement. Methods and subjects: This retrospective observational study was conducted at two tertiary care hospitals in western Rajasthan. Data on age, sex, presenting symptoms, and comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, cardiac, cerebrovascular disease, and cancer) were collected from 28th February 2020 to 31st December 2020 through medical records, discharge summaries, and radiological studies. Verbal/written patient consent was obtained due to the prevailing COVID-19 norms at the time of the first wave. Major inclusion criteria were as follows: age >18 years, consent from patient/surrogate, positive RT-PCR report in case of active COVID cases, or positive COVID antibody test in case of post-COVID neurological sequelae. All neurological manifestations were reviewed by at least two neurologists and were divided into central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) manifestations. Systemic features and their temporal relationship with neurological features were recorded. Various other specialized assessments and therapeutic interventions were conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software. A Chi-square test was performed to determine the association between variables. Student’s t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to determine differences in mean values. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The mean age was 57.32 years for the CNS group and 40 years for the PNS group (p = 0.025). Age was significantly lower in the PNS group than in the CNS group (p = 0.025). Anemia, leucocytosis, and elevated serum creatinine were more commonly seen in the CNS group, although the difference was not statistically significant. The most common CNS manifestations were stroke (41.8%), of which ischemic stroke constituted 83% of cases, followed by seizure (22%), encephalopathy (20.9%), headache (15.1%), and vertigo (3.8%). The most common PNS manifestation was neuropathy (57%), which included Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS), critical illness neuropathy, and autonomic neuropathy. Conclusion: CNS symptoms of COVID-19 are more common than PNS symptoms. Stroke is the most frequent (46%) COVID-CNS symptom, which occurs in people of age above 35 years and is associated with high mortality.
An Observational Study on Metabolic Derangements in People Living with HIV
Authors: Sinha Pallab , Chatterjee Nandini , Ghatak Souvik , Maity Pranab , Das Krisanko , Mukherjee Sourin , Guin Avishek , Pain Shantasil , Pal Jyotirmoy
Published: April 2023

Background: HIV infection is a global pandemic. The adult HIV prevalence in India is 0.22%. Successful therapy is transforming HIV into a chronic medical condition, and there are many metabolic complications. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic abnormalities in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who were on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 2 years and compare it with ART-naïve patients as well as the effect of protease inhibitor-based (PI-based) and non-protease inhibitor-based (non-PI-based) ART was assessed. Methodology: Adult HIV-positive patients both ART-naïve and on ART for more than 2 years were included. Detailed history and clinical examination, including blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were done. This was followed by investigations like lipid profile including total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) estimation. Standard statistical tools were utilized to assess derangements and association to therapy. Results: The study was conducted for 1.5 years in a tertiary care hospital. A total of 70% of the study population was male with mean age of participants being 43.2 years, 40% were ART-naïve, 37% received non-PI-based ART, and 23% PI-based ART. The mean total cholesterol level and mean triglyceride value were significantly higher in the PI-based ART group than in the therapy-naïve group. The ART-naïve group was seen to have more subjects with abnormally low HDL-C values. The PI-based ART study subjects were found to have a greater number of cases of glucose intolerance in relation to the rest of the two groups significantly (p-value <0.001). The LDL-C systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference had no association with the different ART regimens or with the HIV infection itself. CD4 T cell count at diagnosis in the three study groups was compared with all the variables of metabolic syndrome and no association was found. Conclusion: Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose levels are the main parameters found to be affected in PLHIV on therapy
Expert Opinion by Clinicians on the Use of Insulin Therapy in People with Hepatic Impairment
Authors: Chawla Purvi , Shunmugavelu Minakshisundaram , Jaggi Shalini , Asirvatham Arthur J , Basu Debasis , Shah Tejas , Farishta Faraz , Kumar Das Ashok
Published: April 2023

People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk of developing chronic liver disease (CLD) and its complications. T2DM, obesity, and insulin resistance are all strongly associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Conversely, people suffering from cirrhosis have reduced glucose tolerance in approximately 60% of cases, diabetes in 20% of cases, and insulin-mediated glucose clearance is lowered by 50% as compared with those who do not have cirrhosis. An exploratory review was conducted using existing published evidence from clinical studies on dosing and titrations of individual insulin formulations in people with CLD to optimize insulin dosage titration for minimizing hypoglycemia risk. This article discusses current hyperglycemia treatment techniques for patients with CLD as well as the consensus recommendations on insulin use in special populations with T2DM and hepatic impairment. Based on available evidence and expert diabetologists’ recommendations, careful insulin dose titration, customized glycemic targets, and frequent glucose screening are recommended for optimal glycemic management without hypoglycemia in CLD. Long-acting insulin should be avoided or used when short-acting insulin fails to provide adequate glycemic control with raised fasting blood sugar levels. While the patient’s glucose profile is being evaluated, the prandial insulin dose can be lowered by 25% initially. The dose can be titrated based on the patient’s postprandial glycemic expression and whether their food intake meets the Child–Pugh scores A and B categories. Titrating premixed insulins is difficult for patients in class C since their appetite and overall health are constantly compromised and in flux.
Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 during the Third Wave of COVID Pandemic: A Single-center Descriptive Study
Authors: Mitra Sona , Muley Arti , Bavishi Ashish , Patel Geetika , Bhattacharya Amal
Published: April 2023

Aim: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has been causing a global pandemic of Coronavirus (COVID-19) disease in recurring waves. On November 24, 2021, a new SARS-CoV-2 variant (B.1.1.529) was identified in South Africa. We aimed to study the clinical profile, laboratory parameters, complications, and outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection during the third wave in India. Materials and methods: This was a single-center cross-sectional study conducted from 10th January 2022 to 10th February 2022. Data on demographic profile, clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, complications, and clinical outcome was collected and compared between nonsevere and severe cases. Results: A total of 74 patients were included. Four (5.4%) had a severe disease while 70 (94.6%) had a nonsevere disease. The most common symptoms were fever (60.8%), cough (52.7%), and sore throat (45.9%). There was a significant difference between severe and nonsevere groups in terms of vaccination history (p = 0.0412), and time elapsed from symptom onset to hospitalization (p ≤0.001). The severe disease group also had significantly higher levels of leukocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, ARDS, sepsis, and a higher need for respiratory support (p < 0.001). A total of 70 (94.6%) patients were discharged while four (5.4%) patients succumbed to complications of COVID-19 infection. Complete vaccination against COVID was associated with significantly lower chances of severe disease [odds ratio (OR) 0.083, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.0080–0.8632]. Conclusion: As compared to the previous two waves, the current wave of the pandemic had milder symptoms, less severe disease, and fewer ICU admissions and deaths. Successful completion of vaccination against COVID was associated with significantly lower morbidity and mortality.
Many Hands Working Together: Adapting Hospital Care to Support Autistic Children’s Mental Health
Authors: Mahoney Wanda J. , Abraham Gifty , Villacrusis Minerva
Published: April 2023

Importance: Hospitals pose a threat to autistic children’s mental health. Adapting hospitals to meet children’s needs can address this issue.

Objective: To determine the impact of an interprofessional program (Adaptive Care) to support autistic children’s mental health on nursing staff’s knowledge, efficacy, and confidence.

Design: Pretest–posttest, quasi-experimental design.

Setting: Large pediatric hospital.

Participants: Nursing staff were the first participants in the program implementation. Approximately 300 nursing staff received training through the program, and 107 completed program evaluation surveys. Of these, 18 nursing staff completed both the pretest and posttest surveys approximately 1 yr apart.

Intervention: Occupational therapy practitioners and other professionals developed and implemented the program, which consists of staff training and resources to adapt hospital physical and social environments and to ultimately improve patients’ hospital experiences.

Outcomes and Measures: Researcher-developed, pilot-tested, online survey to assess knowledge, perceived effectiveness, confidence, and strategies that staff used while caring for autistic children in the hospital.

Results: Respondents had increased effectiveness and confidence working with autistic children in the hospital after program implementation. Respondents reported significantly more strategies to care for autistic children.

Conclusions and Relevance: Interprofessional collaboration and programming can positively affect social environments in the hospital by enhancing nursing staff’s self-efficacy, confidence, and strategies to support mental health and to enhance health care for autistic children.

What This Article Adds: The Adaptive Care program is an example of occupational therapy practitioners and other interprofessional team members adapting physical and social health care environments to support autistic children’s mental health. This program was effective at increasing nursing staff’s self-efficacy, confidence, and strategies while caring for autistic children in the hospital.

Positionality Statement: This article uses the identity-first language autistic people. This nonableist language describes their strengths and abilities and is a conscious decision. This language is favored by autistic communities and self-advocates and has been adopted by health care professionals and researchers (Bottema-Beutel et al., 2021; Kenny et al., 2016).
Occupational Injustice and the Right to Play: A Systematic Review of Accessible Playgrounds for Children With Disabilities
Authors: Gately Kelsey A. , Zawadzki Anna H. , Mosley Alyssia M. , Badua Alyssamarie K. , Swanberg Jennifer E. , Rosenthal Samantha R.
Published: April 2023

Importance: Playgrounds facilitate important opportunities for growth and development during childhood. Despite accessibility regulations, these experiences are not afforded to children with disabilities as a result of environmental and societal barriers.

Objective: To identify and synthesize existing research on the relationship between key areas of development and accessible play settings for children with disabilities to inform evidence-based interventions and advocacy work.

Data Sources: The following databases were searched on January 30, 2021: Academic Search Complete/EBSCO, CINAHL/EBSCO, Education Research Complete/EBSCO, ERIC, OTseeker, and PubMed.

Study Selection and Data Collection: This systematic review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies were peer-reviewed, included children with disabilities ages 3 to 12 in an accessible play setting, and had outcomes related to areas of childhood development. Validated tools were used to determine risk of bias and quality of evidence.

Findings: Nine articles met inclusion criteria: 1 Level 3b matched case–control study, 4 Level 4 cross-sectional studies, 3 Level 5 qualitative studies, and 1 mixed-methods study with Levels 4 and 5 evidence. Eight of 9 studies reported that social participation, play participation, and motor skills development were negatively affected despite playgrounds being labeled accessible.

Conclusions and Relevance: Children with disabilities have decreased engagement in activities that provide opportunities for play, social participation, and motor skills development. Practitioners should address occupational injustice in the playground setting by engaging in program development, policy, and playground design to reduce stigma and increase accessibility.

What This Article Adds: By addressing play accessibility, occupational therapy practitioners could significantly reduce instances of play inequity. Creating interdisciplinary teams to address accessible playground design locally would allow occupational therapy practitioners the opportunity to make a lasting impact for the children in their community.
Associations Among Clinical Factors and Occupational Therapy Service Utilization in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Campi Emily , Sideris John , Wiles Amanda , Phillips Allison , Carrasquero Valentina Vera , Ausderau Karla , Baranek Grace
Published: April 2023

Importance: Limited research has elucidated factors predicting occupational therapy–specific service utilization by children with autism. Such research is needed to inform reasons for receipt of services.

Objective: To examine factors associated with occupational therapy service utilization by children with autism. We hypothesized that elevated sensory hyperresponsiveness; greater sensory interests, repetitions, and seeking; and lower adaptive behavior would predict more service utilization.

Design: Analysis of extant data from a prospective, longitudinal survey study about autism symptom severity, adaptive behavior, sensory features, and demographic and service utilization information of children with autism ages 3 to 13 yr.

Setting: Online parent survey regarding child behaviors during daily activities and contexts.

Participants: 892 parents of children with autism from 50 U.S. states.

Outcomes and Measures: We used scores on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale–Second Edition, the Social Responsiveness Scale, and the Sensory Experiences Questionnaire Version 3.0 and responses to a demographic questionnaire. We formulated hypotheses after data collection but before analysis.

Results: Predictors of higher occupational therapy service utilization were lower enhanced perception; lower adaptive behavior; elevated sensory interests, repetitions, and seeking behaviors; younger child age; and higher household income.

Conclusion and Relevance: Results partially support our hypotheses. Sensory interests, repetitions, and seeking behavior predicted occupational therapy service utilization, whereas other sensory response patterns did not, suggesting a possible referral bias for certain sensory response patterns. Occupational therapy practitioners can educate parents and teachers about the scope of practice, which includes addressing sensory features beyond sensory interests, repetitions, and seeking behaviors.

What This Article Adds: Children with autism who have impairments in adaptive functioning and high levels of sensory interests, repetitions, and seeking behaviors receive more occupational therapy services. Occupational therapy practitioners should be well trained to address such concerns and advocate for the profession’s role in mitigating the impact of sensory features on daily life.
Osterpreise mit App-Rabatt
Authors: Schulz Hans-Jürgen , Lattmann Christian
Published: April 2023

Auch nach einem Jahr Lebensmittelinflation bietet der Handel zu Ostern häufig Preise, die sogar unter denen des Vorjahres liegen. Außerdem nutzen nahezu alle Händler ihre Apps, um den Kunden zusätzliche Preisvorteile zu bieten.
Oatly treibt den deutschen Pflanzendrinkmarkt an
Authors: Adelhardt Andrea
Published: April 2023

Beim Milchersatz setzt sich Hafer weiter durch. Der Rohstoff baut seine führende Rolle aus. Davon profitiert Haferdrink-Spezialist Oatly, der in Deutschland stärker wächst als der Markt.
Interim Manager sind gefragt
Authors: Wittenhagen Julia
Published: April 2023

2022 haben Interim Manager mehr Anfragen denn je bekommen. Die Foodbranche setzt sie vor allem ein, um Vakanzen zu überbrücken.
„Der Druck wächst in der Praxis“
Authors: Pionke Stefanie
Published: April 2023

Lieferkettengesetz oder Berichtspflichten rund um Nachhaltigkeit gelten zwar nicht unmittelbar für landwirtschaftliche Betriebe. Doch in der Lebensmittelkette wird der Druck, nachhaltiger zu wirtschaften, weitergereicht, sagt Rechtsanwältin Julia Hörnig.
Impact of Improved Sorghum Variety (MELKAM) a Doption on Smallholder Farmers Food Security in Babile District, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Mumed Abdukerim Ahmed , Chalchisa Tamiru , Hamza Dereje
Published: April 2023

Extreme drought condition is a serious challenge for agricultural production and threating food security in sub-Saharan country including Ethiopia. Adoption of improved crop varieties like sorghum is very important to improve household food security. However, adoption of improved sorghum in our country is very limited due to several factors. The aim of this study was to examined adoption of improved sorghum variety (melkam) and its impact on smallhol der farmers’ food security in Babile district Eastern Harerghe zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. A combined research approach (a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis) was employed. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select five (5) kebeles and 320 sample household heads. Primary data was collected through an interview schedule assisted survey questionnaire, focus group discussion, key informant interview and secondary data was collected through document review. Descriptive, Household calorie acquisition and econometric were applied for data analyses. The descriptive statistics revealed that age of household head, years of schooling, land size, farm income, market distance, access to extension service, access to credit service, and farmer cooperative were found to significantly differentiate adopter and non- adopter households at various levels. Moreover, the result of binary logistic regression revealed that years of schooling, farm size, annual farm income, access to credit service, access to extension service, farmer cooperative, age of households and market distance were significant factors determining improved (melkam) sorghum variety adoption in the study area. The results of propensity score matching also showed that the adoption of melkam sorghum variety had a positive and significant impact on household food security. Those who adopted improved (melkam) sorghum variety were found to have about 528.67 Kcal/Adult/Day than non-adopter households. Therefore, this result implies that improving educational level, creating a special line for credit access, enhancing farmer cooperative in the area needed government attention to enhance improved sorghum variety adoption. Furthermore, to enhance and sustain the positive impact of improved (melkam) sorghum variety adoption local leaders should work on the dissemination of improved (melkam) sorghum variety in the area.
Multi-View Three-Dimensional Reconstruction based on a Two-Stage Multi-Level Depth Network for Agriculture Applications
Authors: Guo Li , Shi Yinyin , Jin Dinfei
Published: April 2023

To address the problems appearing in multi-view three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, such as the improvement of the accuracy and completeness of the 3D reconstructed images, a two-stage multi-level depth network is proposed. In the stage 1 of the proposed network, several convolutional block attention modules (CBAMs) are applied in the lateral connections of the feature pyramid network (FPN). This is targeted to enhance the spatial and channel relativity of the different hierarchical feature maps so as to bring more semantic information. In the stage 2, the obtained multi-scale feature maps in the stage 1 are tackled by a set of cascaded processing procedures, such as adaptive propagation, single-trees transform, and matching cost computation. As a result, a depth map could be generated and then be further refined in the processing. Comparing with other state-of-the-art methods, the subjective and objective experiments based on the DTU dataset show that our method performs better result in completeness meanwhile maintaining a considerable overall metric. The investigation of applying the proposed method for reconstructing agricultural crop images was carried out, which is based on a set of self-collected images. The experiment shows that a suitable human visual perception for the images could be obtained.
construção do conhecimento no espaço acadêmico da Escola Paulista de Enfermagem
Authors: Afonso Shirley , Neves Vanessa , Padilha Maria Itayra
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: compreender como ocorreu o ensino de graduação em enfermagem na Escola Paulista de Enfermagem no período de 1980 a 2010. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo de cunho histórico social, que utiliza o método da História Oral Temática. Participaram do estudo uma diretora, uma vice-diretora de departamento, duas coordenadoras de curso e duas docentes que atuaram na EPE entre 1980 e 2010. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: o espaço acadêmico da escola assume um papel fundamental para a formação do enfermeiro, construindo um conhecimento técnico-científico específico e centrado na assistência. A característica específica desse espaço é inserir o estudante no campo de trabalho precocemente. Considerações finais: o processo de organização administrativo da escola e a cultura institucional consolidaram a manutenção do ambiente acadêmico. No período, foram revisadas as características administrativas da escola e a expansão de seus processos de ensino, pesquisa e extensão em parcerias interinstitucionais nacionais e internacionais.
Behind the paint: on creating “Gogol and Zhukovsky at Pushkin’s in Tsarskoe Selo”
Authors: Danilov Artem Valer’evich
Published: April 2023

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Composing a picturesque landscape on a basis of a field sketch
Authors: Andriaka Sergey Nikolayevich
Published: April 2023

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Biochemical role of zinc in vivax malaria
Authors: L. Poojary Thaksha , K. Sudha , K. Sowndarya , Y. Durgarao
Published: April 2023

Introduction and Aim: Zinc is a micronutrient that has a significant immune modulatory function, its deficiency is known to increase the risk of plasmodium infection in humans Although inflammatory processes contribute to the elimination of plasmodium, persistent inflammation is the underlying cause of malaria pathology. Cholinesterases are carboxypeptidases that are zinc dependent and are the indicators of low-grade inflammation. Plasma butyryl cholinesterase, is a biomarker of dietary status of zinc. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are endopeptidases that contain zinc which take part in inflammatory reactions. They participate in remodeling of extracellular matrix and aid tissue repair. The current investigation aims to study the association of these metalloproteins with zinc in patients with vivax malaria.
 
Materials and methods: Plasma zinc, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were estimated spectrophotometrically in 100 vivax malaria patients and 50 healthy subjects. MMP9 was determined using ELISA.
 
Results: Plasma zinc was markedly lower in malaria patients compared to healthy controls (p<0.05). Both BChE and AChE decreased significantly in malaria (p<0.00) compared to healthy subjects. There was an elevation of MMP9 in malaria, although the increase was statistically insignificant. Cholinesterases correlated positively with zinc in controls and malaria. MMP9 showed a significant positive correlation with zinc in malaria patients (r=0.405, p=0.05).
 
Conclusion: The study highlights the role of zinc in the pathology of malaria as it is essential for the maintenance of several enzyme activities. Further, prompt administration of micronutrients like zinc may reduce the inflammation related morbidity in malaria.
An interprofessional collaborative approach to alleviate workplace stress among medical college faculty during COVID pandemic
Authors: R. Rajashree , Sindhu Suyog , Mandal Tatiyana , A. M. Ciraj
Published: April 2023

Introduction and Aim: Job and stress are not mutually exclusive; in fact, stress is inherent to job. In the present era of COVID pandemic, working as health care providers may entail highest levels of stress leading to burnout. Thus, affecting work efficiency of faculty, in turn reflecting on students’ performance and health care services to patients. However, de-stressors like yoga and art-based interventions are scarce and not well documented to date. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of stress alleviating yoga and creative art therapy through interprofessional collaborative approach.
 
Methods: Sixty medical faculty of either gender aging 30-60 years, were randomly divided into two equal groups - control and intervention group. The intervention group underwent yoga and creative art therapy for 10 days duration each. International stress management association (ISMA) stress questionnaire and Kessler’s psychological distress (K-10) scale were administered before and post-intervention, to compare the stress levels. Blood pressure (BP), pulse rate, body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were also measured. Comparative analysis of pre-post test scores was done using Student’s paired ‘t’ test.
 
Results: According to ISMA and K-10 scores, the intervention group showed statistically significant (p 0.05) decrease in stress levels among faculty. However, BP, BMI and WHR didn’t show any significant change after the intervention.
 
Conclusion: Yoga and art therapy were proved to be beneficial in reducing the stress levels among faculty significantly. Comparative analysis also showed significant reduction irrespective of their gender and specialty.
Multimodal perioperative management programme on postoperative discomfort among clients undergoing abdominal surgery at a selected hospital in Mangaluru
Authors: S. Latha , Kamath Neetha , Joseph Gincy , V. Rajesh
Published: April 2023

Introduction and Aim: Apart from pain, numerous causes contribute to discomfort during the postoperative period. Hence, early postoperative nursing care should focus on reducing this discomfort. The present study aimed to find the effect of a management programme on postoperative discomfort (MPMP) among patients undergoing abdominal surgery.
 
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in a selected tertiary care hospital and included 183 adult patients who underwent laparotomy. The MPMP includes preoperative education, early ambulation, deep breathing exercises, and incentive spirometry. The participants were randomized into two interventional and one control group. The Intervention Group I patients performed deep breathing exercises and early ambulation after preoperative education, while Group II patients practiced incentive spirometry and early ambulation with preoperative education. The study included a control group who received routine nursing care. The primary outcome variable is postoperative discomfort (measured on days 1,3, and 5).
 
Results: The MPMP showed a significant difference in discomfort factors like pain during day1(p=0.007) and days 3 and 5 (p<0.001).  Non-pain symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, movement restriction discomfort due to IV drips, and feeling cold showed higher significance for Groups I and II on days 3 and 5. Similarly, dry mouth, abdominal distension, and constipation showed a significant difference (p<0.05) on days 3 and 5 between the groups at a 5% significance level.
 
Conclusion: This study showed that postoperative discomforts could be minimized by the early practice of the MPMP program in patients undergoing surgery.
Factores que afectan la respuesta inmune de corderos de pelo en la primera infección con nematodos gastrointestinales en un clima cálido húmedo de México
Authors: Zaragoza-Vera Maritza , Torres-Chable Oswaldo Margarito , Arjona-Jiménez Guadalupe , Zaragoza-Vera Claudia Virginia
Published: April 2023

El objetivo fue determinar la influencia de algunos factores en los conteos fecales de huevos de nematodos (CFH), índices inmunológicos, hematológicos y productivos de corderos Pelibuey, Blackbelly y Katahdin durante su primera infección natural en la región de la Sierra del estado de Tabasco, México. Cada mes durante un año, se introdujeron seis corderos a pastoreo, donde permanecieron 30 días y posteriormente se estabularon durante 30 días. Se realizó un muestreo antes y al finalizar el pastoreo (día -5 y 30), después a los 45 y 60 días de la estabulación. Se registró el número de huevos de nematodos por gramo de heces (HPG), volumen celular aglomerado (VCA) y nivel de proteína plasmática (PP), también se realizó el conteo total y diferencial de leucocitos y se estimó el nivel de IgA por ELISA indirecta. Los datos fueron analizados con un modelo de medidas repetidas en el tiempo. El incremento de la infección se observó de octubre a diciembre con 7 933 a 13 983 HPG, mientras que de febrero a abril el número de HPG osciló entre 2 300 a 2 600 HPG. A los 60 días post-infección, los corderos Pelibuey presentaron mayor HPG que las razas Katahdin y Blackbelly. En la raza Katahdin se observó el mayor VCA y PP (P<0.05). Posteriormente, el VCA disminuyó por la presencia de H. contortus. No se obtuvo una respuesta importante de IgA respecto al control positivo (menos de 6.9 %). Se concluye que los parámetros inmunológicos en los corderos primo-infectados no permiten reducir los efectos de los nematodos gastrointestinales.