bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Failure Mangement Framework for SAGD Well Integrity
Authors: Irani Mazda , Hamuli Christian
Published: October 2016

Bow-tie approach was originally implemented for safety management system. The theory behind the bow-tie approach can be found in the Swiss cheese model by British psychologist James T. Reason (1990). The bow-tie has become popular as a structured method to assess risk where a qualitative approach is not possible or desirable. Bow-tie method can accommodate multiple outcomes and simultaneous multiple failure events. Bow-tie method avoids repeating the barrier analysis which is the old version of bow-tie method for multiple scenarios. In another word bow-tie method assimilates an accident scenario to a sequence of events, and barriers are mitigating the event results.

Although Bow-tie method has been used in many industries, it is an unknown technique in oil and gas. The features attributes to bow-tie diagram are mostly designed for failures which are not attributed to location as depth or timing as operation versus abandonment timing. Due to these down sides the failure management diagram (FMD) is suggested which handles these challenges with bow-tie diagram. In this method the incidents causing the well shut-in or regulatory actions is presented as incidents and failures which yield to these incidents such as buckled casing of micro-annulus in cement which is not treated as failure events and things which may cause these failure events are called hazards.

In this study the framework of FMD is presented for different well elements (i.e., casing, cement, and liner) during different stage of its life. Also the risk assessment analysis using fuzzy sets theory and Dempster-Shafer theory (DST) is discussed and results are discussed for different well elements.
Impact of Installation Loads on Thermal Service Performance of Slotted Liners
Authors: Chartier Mark A. , Yung Victor Y.
Published: October 2016

Slotted liner is a widely used sand control technology for completion of thermal wells. During installation, liners are subjected to tensile and compressive loads generated by string weight and wellbore drag and to bending when run through curved wellbores. Additionally, torque is often applied to "break" friction, reducing axial drag and extending reach. These conditions lead to combined loading of liners with simultaneous axial, bending, and torsional loads.

Combined loading that exceeds the elastic capacity of the liner during installation can alter the structural capacity of the liner and reduce its ability to withstand subsequent operational loads. In particular, permanent deformation of liner struts during installation can create weak zones that trigger localization of deformations and liner failure under thermal service loading conditions (i.e. constrained thermal expansion). Further, the presence of ‘residual’ torque from installation can trigger and exacerbate the tendency of the liner struts to buckle.

This paper describes an evaluation of the impact of installation loading on subsequent thermal service structural performance. Specifically, the relationships between both plastic twist and residual torque from installation loads and the critical strain capacity of the slotted liner under constrained thermal expansion are examined. Results demonstrate that a slotted liner can tolerate some plastic twist during installation without a significant impact on slot width or subsequent thermal service performance. However, large plastic twist or residual torque from installation can bias the liner to fail in torsional buckling during thermal service. The results further show that both the plastic twist applied during installation and the residual torque remaining after installation that can be tolerated varies between slotted liner configurations.

Prior published work considered slotted liner installation limits and thermal operating limits separately. This paper advances industry understanding of slotted liner by examining the impact of installation loads on subsequent thermal service performance. Further, the methods demonstrated in this paper can support installation procedures by providing a basis for determining the maximum torque that can be applied to liner.
Reflections on Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient with Application to Thermal Well Design
Authors: Ichim A. C. , Teodoriu C.
Published: October 2016

Drilling high quality wells requires the use of high-performance drilling muds that can support and protect the wellbore during the drilling process. Drilling mud will create an internal and external filter cake to protect the well during drilling. Although the external filter cake is usually removed before or during cementing jobs, the internal filter cake remains in the near-wellbore formation throughout the life of the well. As thermal well design relies on maximizing the heat delivered to the reservoir, minimizing heat losses to top formations while also protecting casing and cement layers is mandatory.

A literature review shows that the effects of temperature on drilling fluids or cements have been intensively investigated. For example, high temperature generates a decrease of rheological properties of drilling muds, as well as increasing fluid loss. When heat transfer estimations are required, the drilling mud properties are not important, unless a thick filter cake is considered.

This is why laboratory investigations on filter cake thermal capacity and conduction, together with theoretical estimations of the effect of filter cake on the wellbore heat transfer process make the subject of this paper. For this, the overall heat transfer coefficient has been revisited and additional effects of cement layers and filter cake have been incorporated. The results show that conventional water base muds can reduce the heat transfer from and to the wellbore. Two mud samples have been tested and an increase of the thermal conductivity with temperature is observed. Adding barite to the drilling mud will increase the thermal diffusivity of the filter cake. The thermal diffusivity of the drilling mud is higher than that of its produced filter cake, but can change the heat distribution in the well and the cement temperature levels. Such effects, together with cement layer conductivity and size are usually neglected in conventional heat transfer models and a reassessment of conventional models while considering such parameters is presented in this work.
Application of Modern Geological Technologies to Well Construction – Using Seismic for Geosteering
Authors: Karpov V. B. , Yurkina T. A. , Ishimov I. A. , Zhirov A. V. , Sadykhov S. D.
Published: October 2016

This multidisciplinary study is dedicated to an integrated approach to formation evaluation while drilling. The article focuses on the important issue of mitigating risks associated with the design and construction of horizontal wells.

This work summarizes practical experience of logging while drilling (LWD) methods, results of well site cuttings analysis and points up the need to use seismic data in the field development stage for horizontal well planning and geosteering while drilling.

The analysis was conducted using data from two fields located on the Frolov NGO territory. Their geology is characterized by low gross thicknesses, thin interbeddings of sandstone and siltstone, high compartmentalization, low permeability, presence of zones with poor reservoir properties and block structure of the fields.

Development of comlex reserves required a detailed geological model of the reservoir indicating high risk zones where faults meet. When drilling through thin formations it is critical to ensure accurate wellbore placement with the geological structure in mind in order not to exit the reservoir.

The article shows the potential of using advanced methods and technologies enabling optimum wellbore placement within the oil reservoir. This approach will be of interest to specialists in horizontal wells design and construction. The integrated approach to drilling and minimizing risks of reservoir exit can be applied to any field being developed.
Stimulation Treatment Analysis and Improvement in Mangystau Region, Kazakhstan
Authors: Dmitriy Abdrazakov , Bolyspayev Nurlan
Published: October 2016

One of the main factors affecting the type of stimulation treatment in carbonates is reservoir properties. Acid fracturing effectiveness, in terms of economics and production increase, could be potentially more beneficial than matrix acidizing in case of low permeability of the stimulated reservoir due to creation of additional surface of fluid influx at the fracture faces. Matrix acidizing, on the other hand, makes more sense than hydraulic fracturing for the reservoirs where existing natural fractures and vugs have created conductivity similar to the expected conductivity of acid-etched hydraulic fractures.

However, if the reservoir has average permeability and is neither tight nor extremely fractured, it is a subject for additional studies on which type of treatment to choose. Mature and newly discovered oil fields within Triassic carbonates in Mangystau region, Kazakhstan, are examples of such reservoirs. The matrix acidizing and acid fracturing treatments have been actively exploited in the region, but no previous studies have been performed for Triassic carbonates in Mangystau regarding important questions about the comparative efficiency of the acid fracturing versus matrix acidizing treatments and the influence of reservoir parameters on expected treatment type and efficiency.

This paper considers post-stimulation production trends as a tool for evaluation of stimulation treatment effectiveness and suggests empirically derived conclusions for choosing the relevant stimulation strategy. The paper covers the analysis of 21 matrix acidizing and acid fracturing jobs performed in the Triassic carbonates of Mangystau region.
Acute respiratory failure and tracheal stenosis following aspiration of activated charcoal
Authors: Mahli Ahmet , Inan Gozde , Coskun Demet
Published: October 2016

Gastric decontamination with orally administered activated charcoal is a common treatment for many poisonings. However drug ingestion may result in loss of protective airway reflexes and aspiration of activated charcoal in these patients presents an important complication. Although activated charcoal is thought to be an inert substance it may cause damage to the respiratory tract if aspirated. We report a case of acute respiratory failure and pulmonary damage that resulted in tracheal stenosis following accidental aspiration of activated charcoal.
A surprise finding on laryngoscopy: large asymptomatic vallecular
Authors: Jack James Martin , Sloan Chris , Paul Mark , Henderson Karen
Published: October 2016

We present the unexpected discovery of a previously asymptomatic vallecular cyst that was found during laryngoscopy. We describe pre‐operative assessment of the patient, the immediate and subsequent management of the cyst, and follow up. This case report highlights the limitations of commonly used bedside airway assessments, the need for immediate access to a difficult intubation trolley and the potential benefits of airway imaging pre‐induction. We discuss the contemporaneous decisions made and review the literature related to vallecular cysts.
Ultrasound guided cricothyroidotomy for retrograde intubation in a patient with critical airway obstruction
Authors: Stallard Michael , Irvine Donald , Ball David R
Published: October 2016

We report successful use of ultrasonic identification of the cricothyroid membrane to permit awake retrograde tracheal intubation in a patient with a critically obstructed airway, impalpable neck anatomy and tracheal deviation.
Facing the challenge of extreme climate: the case of Metropolitan São Paulo
Authors: Braga B. , Kelman J.
Published: October 2016

Climate variability has always posed important challenges to water resources planners and engineers. Recent hydrologic data from different parts of the world show that the use of traditional stationary series statistical methods to assess risk and uncertainty may not produce reliable estimates. In particular, the 2014–2015 drought in Metropolitan São Paulo that was followed by major flooding in 2016 shows the intensification of climatic extremes in this part of Brazil. The probability of this drought event is only 0.004 when estimated with data available from 83 years of record, until 2013. Was the drought of 2014–2015 a statistical outlier or should one consider it as an event that can occur again along the planning horizon? The paper describes the hydrologic conditions that resulted in the most severe drought ever recorded and the structural and non-structural initiatives taken by water authorities to avoid social chaos in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (21 million inhabitants). Furthermore, it discusses how the drought affected the existing water resources development plan, especially the anticipation of investments in water security. Because financial resources are limited, other investments, equally important but less urgent, are being delayed.
Design Efficiency Analysis Towards Product Improvement for Eco-Friendly Using DFMA Method
Authors: Sudin Mohd Nizam , Chin Ngeow Sook , Shamsudin Shamsul Anuar , Yusuff Mohd Asri
Published: October 2016

This paper presents the comparative study of design efficiency of two different brands of products, performing the same function using the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) method. The study aims to compare the products on the relative design efficiency. The DFMA method was used as it is a well-established technique for improving the efficiency of the product leading to minimizing production costs. It also shortens product development time by reducing the number of components in a product. The study used two different brands of dry iron as a case study. The result shows that the percentage of the design efficiency of dry iron A is 8.82%, whereas it is 10.34% of dry iron B. Thus, the dry iron B is much better as compared to A in term of its assembly operation and design efficiency. Therefore, the dry iron B is greener than dry iron A. Furthermore, a redesign of dry iron B was proposed and analyzed for the internal validation. The DFMA analysis result shows that the percentage of design efficiency of a new conceptual design of dry iron B increased to 18.08%. The application of the DFMA method to enhance the eco-friendliness of a product has been proven to be highly useful in design work.
Medical Image Encryption: An Application for Improved Padding Based GGH Encryption Algorithm
Authors: Sokouti Massoud , Zakerolhosseini Ali , Sokouti Babak
Published: October 2016

Medical images are regarded as important and sensitive data in the medical informatics systems. For transferring medical images over an insecure network, developing a secure encryption algorithm is necessary. Among the three main properties of security services (i.e., confidentiality, integrity, and availability), the confidentiality is the most essential feature for exchanging medical images among physicians. The Goldreich Goldwasser Halevi (GGH) algorithm can be a good choice for encrypting medical images as both the algorithm and sensitive data are represented by numeric matrices. Additionally, the GGH algorithm does not increase the size of the image and hence, its complexity will remain as simple as O(n2). However, one of the disadvantages of using the GGH algorithm is the Chosen Cipher Text attack. In our strategy, this shortcoming of GGH algorithm has been taken in to consideration and has been improved by applying the padding (i.e., snail tour XORing), before the GGH encryption process. For evaluating their performances, three measurement criteria are considered including(i)Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR),(ii)Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI), and(iii)Avalanche effect. The results on three different sizes of images showed that padding GGH approach has improved UACI, NPCR, and Avalanche by almost 100%, 35%, and 45%, respectively, in comparison to the standard GGH algorithm. Also, the outcomes will make the padding GGH resist against the cipher text, the chosen cipher text, and the statistical attacks. Furthermore, increasing the avalanche effect of more than 50% is a promising achievement in comparison to the increased complexities of the proposed method in terms of encryption and decryption processes.
Cheliped abnormality and embryonic development of commercially important portunid crab Portunus sanguinolentus (L.)
Authors: Bhat Bilal Ahmad , Parray* Mushtaq Ahmed , Allayie Sartaj Ahmad , S. Ravichandran
Published: October 2016

In the present study an attempt was made to study the cheliped abnormalty of commercially important crab, Portunus sanguinolentus. The newly spawned eggs were round and golden yellow in colour. The undeveloped and mass of undifferentiated cells were also found in the berry. The yolk granules were denser. The cleavage and gastrulation were not clear. The diameter of the freshly laid egg was 0.34mm. The multicell eggs were round, deep yellow or yellowish orange in colour. The space between the egg wall and the inner developing embryo was visible. The diameter of the egg was 0.41mm. The eye stage eggs were round and orange in colour. The yolk granules were not denser. The egg diameter was 0.48mm. The pigment stage eggs were brown in colour. The egg diameter was 0.57 mm. The diameter of the egg was 0.64 mm. In prehatching stage the rate of heartbeat was increased and the chromatophores were also found increased throughout the body. The diameter of the egg was 0.73mm. Hence in the present study both the embryonic as well abnormality of cheliped was under taken in to the consideration.
Concordant VS. Discordant Xeno Cardiac Transplantation; The past, the present and future Trends
Authors: Mohammad Sadeghi Hassan Mir
Published: October 2016

There is a huge waiting list for recipient of heart for people in need of, yet the pool of donors are limited to less than 10% of all brain death cases coming out of road accidents. NHSA reports 2700 Transplants were harvested out of 55000 road accident brain deaths in 2014. A country (China) expects a record number of transplant this year mainly harvested from executed prisoners (world number one in execution followed by IRAN), despite a new ban applied this year (The south China Morning Post). So one of the most exciting donor pool which also is very close genetically to Human being is Baboon, in which we will try to reignite interest in research and development for farming and harvesting their organs for use in people in need of Cardiac Transplant.
Rice tablet (Aluminum Phosphide) poisoning
Authors: Jamshidi Farkhondeh , Ghorbani Ahmad , Darvishi* Sina
Published: October 2016

The abuse of some pesticides especially to suicide is one of the current problems of pesticides. Aluminum phosphide induced poisoning usually happens to suicide and sometimes it is due to accidental occupational exposure and in a few cases it has some criminal intensions. This study is conducted to evaluate patients poisoned with aluminum phosphide. In the present study the medical records of cases of poisoning with rice tablets (aluminum phosphide) hospitalized in Ahvaz Razi hospital is studied. Accordingly, a checklist is prepared that included demographic information of patients (age, gender) and information on patient records (information on poisoning) are completed using the patients’ medical records. The analysis of data is done by SPSS V22. 18 patients poisoned with rice tablet (aluminum phosphide) are studied. Results of the study show that 11 patients are male and seven are female. The mean patient age is 27.06 ±8.04 years that is 28 ±9 and 25 ±6.02 in men and women respectively. Statistical tests show no statistically significant difference in mean age in both genders (P> 0.05). Among patients, 11 subjects took aluminum phosphide to attempt suicide and 3 cases took it unintentionally and of course the reason is not mentioned in four cases. Among the patients who tried to commit suicide by taking aluminum phosphide, 6 cases are male and 5 cases are female that no statistically significant difference is observed between the genders in this respect (P> 0.05). In addition to the study of the complications caused by this poisoning and its mortality, it is recommended to responsible authorities to provide the necessary educations and treatments to prevent this type of poisoning.
A Case Study on Explanatory Interpretation Strategy from the Perspective of Functionalist Skopos Theory—Taking China-Aid Project as an Example
Authors: Jiao Dan
Published: October 2016

This article is dedicated to the strategy of explanatory interpretation from the perspective of Functionalist Skopos Theory, which is one of the most important translation theories guiding translation action and teaching. Taking China-Aid Project as a case study, the research objects are hundreds of foreign trainees from the China-Aid Project and Chinese interpreters from 2008 to 2014, via the research approaches of literature review, quantity and quality research methods. In regarding to the research findings, the article straightens out the translation problems and proposes the explanatory interpretation strategy effectively used on diversified international communication occasions. In general, through statistical analysis and the empirical research from the three dimensions of Skopos Theory, explanatory interpretation method and China-Aid Project, this article aims at helping translators to accomplish a high quality translation product effectively with the explanatory interpretation strategy.
Metadata and Reproducibility: A Case Study of Gravitational Wave Research Data Management
Authors: Qin Jian , Dobreski Brian , Brown Duncan
Published: October 2016

The complexity of computationally-intensive scientific research poses great challenges for both research data management and research reproducibility. What metadata needs to be captured for tracking, reproducing, and reusing computational results is the starting point in developing metadata models to fulfil these functions of data management. This paper reports the findings from interviews with gravitational wave (GW) researchers, which were designed to gather user requirements to develop a metadata model. Motivations for keeping documentation of data and analysis results include trust, accountability and continuity of work. Research reproducibility relies on metadata that represents code dependencies and versions and has good documentation for verification. Metadata specific to GW data, workflows and outputs tend to differ from those currently available in metadata standards. The paper also discusses the challenges in representing code dependencies and workflows..
The location of the citation: changing practices in how publications cite original data in the Dryad Digital Repository
Authors: Mayo Christine , Vision Todd J. , Hull Elizabeth A.
Published: October 2016

While stakeholders in scholarly communication generally agree on the importance of data citation, there is not consensus on where those citations should be placed within the publication â€“ particularly when the publication is citing original data. Recently, CrossRef and the Digital Curation Center (DCC) have recommended as a best practice that original data citations appear in the works cited sections of the article. In some fields, such as the life sciences, this contrasts with the common practice of only listing data identifier(s) within the article body (intratextually). We inquired whether data citation practice has been changing in light of the guidance from CrossRef and the DCC. We examined data citation practices from 2011 to 2014 in a corpus of 1,125 articles associated with original data in the Dryad Digital Repository. The percentage of articles that include no reference to the original data has declined each year, from 31% in 2011 to 15% in 2014. The percentage of articles that include data identifiers intratextually has grown from 69% to 83%, while the percentage that cite data in the works cited section has grown from 5% to 8%. If the proportions continue to grow at the current rate of 19-20% annually, the proportion of articles with data citations in the works cited section will not exceed 90% until 2030.Â
Provenance in support of ANDS' four transformations
Authors: Treloar Andrew E. , Wu Mingfang
Published: October 2016

This article introduces the provenance activities that are being carried out at the Australia National Data Services (ANDS). Since its beginning, ANDS has been promoting four data transformations so that Australiaâ€™s research data become more valuable and reusable by researchers. Among many other activities that enable the four transformations, ANDS has been encouraging ANDS partners to capture and describe rich context at the time when a data collection is created. In 2015, ANDS funded a number of external projects that had provenance components. In addition, ANDS is working on the interoperability between the schema that is used by the ANDS research data registration and discovery service â€“ Research Data Australia (RDA) â€“ and the W3C recommended provenance standard, Provenance Ontology (PROV-O), and investigating how to enrich the schema to access provenance information. The article concludes by discussing the lessons we learnt and our future planned activity.
El retablo de fray Miguel de Herrera en la iglesia de Santa Catarina, Estado de México
Authors: Báez Macías Eduardo
Published: October 2016

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La música mexicana a través de sus crónicas
Authors: Carmona Gloria
Published: October 2016

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El pintor Antonio Rodríguez y tres cuadros desconocidos
Authors: Ruiz Gomar Rogelio
Published: October 2016

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Justo Sierra en la mira de Vicente Riva Palacio
Authors: Díaz y de Ovando Clementina
Published: October 2016

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¿El Mozart español?
Authors: Velazco Jorge
Published: October 2016

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Juan Téllez
Authors: Moyssén Xavier
Published: October 2016

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Un retrato de doña Leona Vicario a los cinco años
Authors: Martínez Del Río Marita
Published: October 2016

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Las bolsas ceremoniales en el arte mesoamericano
Authors: Gutiérrez Solana Nelly
Published: October 2016

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Figura masculina huaxteca del Museo del Hombre, París
Authors: Trejo Silvia
Published: October 2016

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El estudio de la religiosidad en las danzas indígenas
Authors: Dallal Alberto
Published: October 2016

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Textos y contextos iconográficos de Hormiguero, Campeche: su edificio II durante la fase Xococom
Authors: Pascual Soto Arturo
Published: October 2016

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Una pintura desconocida de Manuel de Echave
Authors: Sigaut Nelly
Published: October 2016

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Un pintor flamenco en Nueva España: Simón Pereyns
Authors: Victoria José Guadalupe
Published: October 2016

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La catedral de San Salvador. El gran proyecto de Don Vasco de Quiroga
Authors: Chanfón Olmos Carlos
Published: October 2016

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Tepozotlán: ¿el islam latente en América? observaciones en torno a la portada esculpida hispánica
Authors: Moffit John F.
Published: October 2016

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Una pintura más de Baltasar de Echave Ibía
Authors: Vargaslugo Elisa
Published: October 2016

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Tres cabezas colosales olmecas procedentes de San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan, en el nuevo Museo de Antropología de Xalapa
Authors: De la Fuente Beatriz
Published: October 2016

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Avances en los estudios sobre los códices mixtecos
Authors: Gutiérrez Solana Nelly
Published: October 2016

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Unidad binaria del Templo Mayor de Tenochtitlan. Hipótesis de trabajo
Authors: Ségota Tomac Dúrdica
Published: October 2016

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Discurso de la doctora Elisa García Barragán como nueva directora del Instituto
Authors: García Barragán Elisa
Published: October 2016

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Discurso de la doctora Elisa García Barragán en la inauguración del nuevo edificio del Instituto
Authors: García Barragán Elisa
Published: October 2016

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Frederick Edwin Church, Sor Pudenciana y Andrés López
Authors: Bargellini Clara
Published: October 2016

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Qualidade ambiental da água superficial do córrego quatro vinténs no município de Diamantina-MG
Authors: Araujo Amanda Dias , Freitas Mariana De Oliveira , Baggio Filho Hernando
Published: October 2016

O Córrego Quatro Vinténs faz parte da bacia hidrográfica do rio Jequitinhonha, localizado no município de Diamantina-MG. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a qualidade ambiental das águas superficiais deste córrego por meio da medição de dois parâmetros físico-químicos cor da água e turbidez. Com o recolhimento de amostras ao longo do canal do córrego foi possível relacionar os impactos aos ambientes naturais e às interferências antropogênicas, englobando as características geoambientais da área. Foram amostrados 12 pontos considerando a variação sazonal em duas campanhas de amostragem (nas estações seca e chuvosa), totalizando 24 amostras de água. As amostras foram analisadas no Laboratório de Geoquímica Ambiental – LGA/UFVJM e os resultados comparados com os valores estabelecidos pela Resolução CONAMA 357/05 e Portaria do Ministério da Saúde N°. 2.914/2011. Os valores de turbidez (UNT) e cor da água (mg/L), tanto numa estação quanto noutra se apresentaram elevados, haja vista que a área está totalmente inserida em locais de uso intensivo do solo e áreas urbanas.
MOBILIDADE E TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE LONDRINA-PR: entre a institucionalidade e a espacialidade
Authors: Polzin Druciaki Vinícius
Published: October 2016

A mobilidade urbano-regional tem merecido destaque nos espaços em processo de metropolização (DRUCIAKI, 2014, 2015). Na Região Metropolitana de Londrina-RML, o único modo vigente de transporte público que atende a essa mobilidade é o Transporte Rodoviário Metropolitano do Interior-TRM. Fatores como a falta de efetivação da região metropolitana, e a ausência de planejamento nessa escala, comprometem a mobilidade pelo transporte público, destoando daquilo que foi preconizado na criação do recorte espacial institucional. Diante disso, problemas pontuais vivenciados pelos usuários do sistema são reflexos de questões estruturais de ordem política, técnica e econômica.  

Palavras-chave: Transporte público; Mobilidade; Londrina; Região Metropolitana.

 

MOBILITY AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF LONDRINA-PR: institutional and spatiality frameworks

Abstract

The urban-regional mobility has been highlighted in the spaces of metropolization process (DRUCIAKI, 2014, 2015). In the metropolitan area of Londrina-RML, the only effective mode of public transport that meets this mobility is the Road Transport Metropolitan-TRM. Factors such as the lack of effectiveness of the metropolitan area, and the lack of planning, make the dynamics of mobility by different public transportation that recommended the creation of institutional spatial area. Therefore, specific problems experienced by users of the system are reflections of structural issues of political, technical and economic.

Keywords: Public Transport; Mobility; Londrina; Metropolitan region.

 

MOVILIDAD Y TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO EN LA REGIÓN METROPOLITANA DE LONDRINA-PR: entre la institucionalidad y la espacialidad

 Resumen

 El tema de la movilidad urbana-regional se ha destacado en los espacios en proceso de urbanización a nivel metropolitano (DRUCIAKI, 2014, 2015). En el región metropolitana de Londrina, RML, el único modo actual del transporte público que cumpla con esta movilidad es lo “Transporte Rodoviario Metropolitano del Interior-TRM. Factores como la falta de eficacia de la zona metropolitana, y la falta de planificación en esta escala, dificultan la movilidad a través del transporte público, contrarrestando lo que se recomienda en la creación del área espacial institucional. Por lo tanto, los problemas específicos experimentados por los usuarios del sistema reflejan problemas estructurales políticos, técnicos y económicos.

Palabras-clave: Transporte público; Movilidad; Londrina; Región Metropolitana.
Evaluación de aislamientos nativos de Beauveria Spp. sobre Tecia solanivora (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in vitro
Authors: Villamil C. Jorge Enrique , Martínez O. John Wilson
Published: October 2016

Se evaluó la eficacia de hongos entomopatógenos nativos en el biocontrol de Tecia solanivora (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in vitro. Los aislamientos fueron obtenidos de larvas y adultos de gusano blanco Premmotrypes vorax, barrenador del curubo Aepytus sp, picudo de la palma Rinchophorus palmarum, broca del café Hypothenemus hampei, polilla guatemalteca Tecia solanivora y palomilla de la papa Phthorimaea operculella infectados, de los municipios de Ventaquemada, Umbita, Coper (Boyacá) y San gil (Santander). El trabajo se realizó en el laboratorio de control biológico del Grupo Manejo Biológico de Cultivos en Tunja, Colombia. Se seleccionaron in vitro, de forma preliminar cinco de los siete aislamientos de hongos obtenidos: Bv01, Bv03, Bv04, Bv05 y Bv07, los cuales ocasionaron mortalidades superiores al 10%. De acuerdo con la caracterización morfológica realizada, los hongos encontrados pertenecen al género Beauveria. La evaluación de su eficacia se realizó con 10 larvas de T. solanivora desinfectadas y sumergidas en suspensión de 1x107esporas.mL-1, las cuales se observaron durante 32 días, registrando cada 8 días la mortalidad. Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar, con 6 tratamientos, 4 repeticiones y una prueba de separación de medias de Tukey. Los resultados mostraron que 32 días después de la inoculación los aislamientos Bv03 y Bv05 fueron los que produjeron la mayor mortalidad acumulada (7,4 y 8,5%, respectivamente). Se confirma el bajo potencial de los hongos entomopatógenos nativos para el control de larvas de T. solanivora.
Tóxidad de cadmio y plomo en Pasto Tanner Brachiaria arrecta
Authors: Pelaez P Manuel , Casierra-Posada Fanor , Torres R. Gerardo A.
Published: October 2016

Se evaluó fisiopatías en Brachiaria arrecta expuestas a contenidos tóxicos de cadmio y plomo en el invernadero de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Palmira, se doparon plántulas sanas de 20 días de edad bajo cultivo hidropónico. El objetivo fue describir síntomas crecientes por intoxicación con el diseño de una escala valorativa de daños crecientes, adicionalmente se evaluaron cambios histológicos de raíz tallo y hojas mediante microscopia de luz de alta resolución (MLAR). Las plantas fueron sometidas a estrés abiótico con los tratamientos de sales de CdCl2 en concentración de 10 ppm, y de Pb (NO3 )2 500 ppm, respectivamente. Los resultados principales mostraron un mayor detrimento cuando las plantas fueron expuestas al metal plomo que al cadmio en las raíces, tallos y hojas. Se apreciaron deformaciones extremas en paredes celulares de las células del cortex y en la endodermis de la raíz; en las hojas los daños fueron notorios para ambos metales sobre todo en el parénquima clorofílico y en la deformación de paredes de la epidermis tanto en haz como envés; en los tallos aparecieron deformaciones de las células del parénquima de relleno cuando ocurre bioacumulación intensa de plomo. Estos resultados sugieren que la bioconcentración en los tejidos vegetales ocasiona trastornos histológicos, que pueden involucrar una red trófica y por consiguiente consecuencias en la Salud Pública.
Evaluación y correlación de componentes de rendimiento en líneas avanzadas de arveja Pisum sativum con gen afila
Authors: Pantoja G. Dario , Muñoz Z. Keily , Checa C. Oscar
Published: October 2016

En el departamento de Nariño las variedades de arveja Pisum sativum que se cultivan son prediminantemente plantas de porte alto y abundante ramificación, que requieren sistemas de tutorado costosos para evitar el volcamiento y la proliferación de enfermedades. Producir cambios en la arquitectura de la planta utilizando variedades con gen afila que remplaza hojas por zarcillos, puede contribuir a desarrollar sistemas de tutorado mas simples y a disminuir el uso de fibras de polipropileno para el amarre reduciendo los costos de producción del cultivo. Esta investigación se realizó en la granja Lope perteneciente al Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA), Pasto-Colombia, con el objetivo de evaluar genotipos de arveja P. sativumy contribuir a la obtención de nuevas variedades con gen afila para mejorar la competitividad de la leguminosa en el departamento de Nariño. Se empleó un diseño de bloques completamente al azar (BCA) con tres repeticiones y 22 tratamientos, durante el semestre A del 2013. Los tratamientos consistieron en 20 lineas F5 de arveja volubles semiafilas obtenidas en la Universidad de Nariño y dos variedades testigo no afilas (Andina y Sindamanoy). Se obtuvo diferencias entre genotipos en las variables número de granos por vaina, peso de vaina verde, peso de grano verde por vaina y rendimiento. El rendimiento correlacionó genotípicamente con número de granos por vaina, peso de vaina verde y peso de grano verde por vaina. En el análisis de sendero la mayor contribución indirecta positiva, fue el peso de grano por vaina verde vía peso de vaina verde, por lo tanto estas variables e se usaroncomo criterio de selección que permitió identificar como promisorias a las líneas UDENAR11, UDENAR12, UDENAR14, UDENAR19 y UDENAR20.
Caracterización de daños producidos por Meloidogyne Spp. (Nemata: Tylenchida) en la vid en Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Dagatti B. Carla Vanina , Becerra Violeta Cristina , Herrera María Eugenia
Published: October 2016

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar y establecer relaciones entre los diferentes indicadores de crecimiento entre plantas de vid con dos niveles de infestación (alto y leve) de Meloidogyne spp. El estudio se realizó en un viñedo cv Merlot, situado en Agrelo, Mendoza, donde se escogieron 2 parcelas, con y sin nematodos, con diferentes niveles de crecimiento vegetativo. Los indicadores a evaluar fueron: peso y número de racimos por planta, peso de poda, cantidad de entrenudos y área foliar de hojas y feminelas. El grado de infestación de nematodos de cada parcela se determinó mediante la técnica flotación - centrifugación. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de wilcoxon (Mann Whitney U) y el test de student. Además, mediante un análisis de regresión lineal, se comprobó si existía relación entre los indicadores evaluados y la densidad de población de Meloidogyne spp. expresado en número de estados juveniles (J2) presentes en el suelo. Los resultados indicaron que la parcela con menor densidad poblacional de juveniles de Meloidogyne spp., presentó mayor peso promedio de madera de poda, así como también un áreafoliar de hojas y feminelas superior. Con respecto al peso promedio de racimos por planta, dicha parcela también superó a aquella con alta concentración de nematodos.
Contribución de sistemas productivos en la generación de ingresos en familias cacaoteras, departamento del Caquetá
Authors: Olaya Diana María Sánchez , Velandia Tibáquira Oscar Gerardo , Suárez Salazar Juan Carlos
Published: October 2016

El estudio se realizó en el departamento del Caquetá, municipio de Cartagena del Chairá con el objetivo de evaluar la contribución de los sistemas productivos en la generación de ingresos en familias cacaoteras. Se definieron 22 variables cualitativas y cuantitativas, que se agruparon en cinco categorías: (i) caracterización social, (ii) características de la finca, (iii) tamaño de la finca y uso del suelo, (iv) producción pecuaria, (v) producción agrícola y forestal. En torno a las cinco categorías se generaron grupos a partir de un Análisis de Correspondencia Múltiple (ACM). Finalmente, los grupos se conglomeraron en tres clúster que presentaron diferencias significativas (P<0,05) en las variables uso del suelo e ingresos por actividades agropecuarias. Las Fincas ganaderas grandes presentaron áreas en pasturas de 109,75 ha e ingresos anuales de $15.321.250, provenientes de la actividad pecuaria. Las fincas agrícolas pequeñas tuvieron áreas en bosque de 48,78 ha, y se obtuvieron ingresos anuales de $1.170.000 derivados del bosque. Las Fincas agropecuarias medianas presentaron áreas en cultivos agrícolas de 6,89 ha, sin embargo estas fincas obtuvieron ingresos no relacionados con la producción agropecuaria de $2.052.916. Se concluye que las familias cacaoteras requieren de diferentes actividades productivas para obtener ingresos debido a que el cultivo de cacao es de subsistencia.
Eficacia de diferentes diodos emisores de luz (LEDs) unidos a trampas adhesivas amarillas para la captura de la mosca blanca Trialeurodes vaporariorum
Authors: Castresana Jorge Eduardo , Puhl Laura Elena
Published: October 2016

Teniendo en cuenta que algunos adultos de insectos muestran preferencia a ciertas longitudes de onda, se ha considerado este comportamiento para desarrollar herramientas de monitoreo y estrategias de control de insectos plaga. Como ejemplo de ello, las tarjetas adhesivas amarillas han sido ampliamente usadas para monitorear población de moscas blancas a campo como invernadero. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de trampas adhesivas amarillas provistas con luces emitidas por diodos (LEDs) para el trampeo de adultos moscas blancas Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Los ensayos se llevaron a cabo en la EEA INTA Concordia en condiciones de umbráculo, donde se ubicaron jaulas de cría con plantas de tabaco, Solanum tabacum (L.) y poroto, Phaseolus vulgaris L. desde Junio hasta Julio del 2013. Las trampas adhesivas amarillas tuvieron una superficie de 64cm2 provistas con (LEDs) de diferentes longitudes de onda promedio (525 nm verde y 380 nm UV) y sin LED como testigo. Los ensayos mostraron que los adultos de mosca blanca fueron significativamente (p >0,05) más atraídos por las trampas equipadas con LED 525nm verde (134 ± 7,4 adultos/tarjeta) comparadas con trampas equipadas con LED 380 nm UV (105 ± 7,4 adultos/tarjeta) y trampas sin LED (85,17 ± 7,4 adultos/tarjeta). Estos resultados muestran que los adultos de T. vaporariorum son atraídos a trampas dotadas con LED verde, las cuales podrían tener un promisorio uso en invernadero como detección, monitoreo y control de mosca blanca.
Integración de prácticas culturales y control biológico para el manejo de Moniliophthora roreri Cif & Par
Authors: Villamil C. Jorge Enrique , Sierra A. Lizeth Johana , Olarte L. Yeimy , Mosquera E. Ana Teresa , Fajardo C. Juan David , Pinzón Elberth H. , Martínez O. John Wilson
Published: October 2016

En Colombia las pérdidas ocasionadas por Moniliophthora roreri Cif & Par en el cultivo de cacao, son considerables y los métodos de control tradicional no son suficientes. Para el manejo de la enfermedad el control biológico, surge como alternativa económicamente viable y ambientalmente sostenible. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el control de Moniliophthora roreri mediante parámetros de incidencia y severidad, utilizando aislamientos nativos y cepas comerciales de Trichoderma spp., en combinación con prácticas culturales (PC). Se evaluaron diez tratamientos, los cuales resultaron de combinar prácticas culturales, productos biológicos comerciales, aislamientos nativos de hongos y funguicidas de síntesis química. Para la evaluación, se empleó un diseño completamente aleatorio (DCA) con cuatro repeticiones, para un total de 40 UE cada una compuesta por una planta del clon TCS01 (Theobroma CORPOICA la Suiza 01). Se hizo inoculación dirigida al dosel, utilizando una concentración de 1,2, 1,5 y 2,9 x107 UFC.g-1 para aislamientos nativos y 2,0 y 5,0 x108 UFC.g-1 para cepas comerciales. Se evaluó incidencia y severidad externa en los frutos durante 25 semanas. Los resultados indicaron que los frutos inoculados con el tratamiento T7 (P.C + Safer soil ®W.P) y T4 (P.C +  mezcla Trichoderma H20, H3, H5), presentaron los menores porcentajes de incidencia y severidad externa y los mayores rendimientos de cosecha sin diferencias significativas respecto al control químico y regional, representando una aternativa promisoria para la producción de cacao en la subregión occidental de Boyacá.
Incidencia de la mecanización del suelo sobre sus propiedades físicas y el crecimiento vegetativo de papaya (Carica papaya L.)
Authors: Mendez V. Diego Fernando , Becerra O. Luís Carlos , Hernández N. Héctor Eduardo , Díaz I. Anthony José , Muñoz M. Alfonso Julián
Published: October 2016

Para determinar la incidencia de la mecanización del suelo sobre sus propiedades físicas y el crecimiento vegetativo de papaya en Florencia (Caquetá), se utilizó el Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar con tres tratamientos: suelo mecanizado con Motoazada, Azadón y no mecanizado - Testigo y cuatro repeticiones. Se midió en campo la resistencia a la penetración y los índices de crecimiento vegetativo, mientras que en laboratorio se calcularon la porosidad total, y la densidad aparente. En el mes uno (M1) la resistencia a la penetración presentó diferencias significativas (p<0,05) para la profundidad de 0-10cm. La densidad aparente presento diferencias significativas (p<0,05) en las profundidades de 0-10 y de 10-20cm entre SMMTA con relación a SMAZ y testigo que no presentaron diferencias significativas (p>0,05) en ninguna de las profundidades. La densidad aparente y resistencia a la penetración aumentaron a través del tiempo. Los mayores valores de producción de asimilados y rendimiento en adsorción de energíalumínica representada en la tasa de asimilación neta, se presentaron a los 180 días después de la siembra en Testigo, donde alcanzó 10,04gm-2dia-1. La duración de área foliar y la tasa de crecimiento del cultivo fueron las variables más sensibles en respuesta de los cambios de porosidad y resistencia a la penetración del suelo. El Testigo, alcanzó los mayores niveles de tasa de asimilación neta, posiblemente por la homogeneidad en la ganancia de asimilados, a través del periodo fotosintético evaluado.
Evolución de la siniestralidad de personas que se transportan en moto en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia en el periodo 2008- 2014
Authors: Restrepo Betancur Luis Fernando , Angulo Arizala Joaquín
Published: October 2016

Introducción: Los siniestros de tránsito son considerados un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial que repercuten en la sociedad, e inciden en la economía y en el sistema de salud de un país. Se considera dentro de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo. Entre los siniestros de tránsito, los asociados con las motos han llamado la atención a investigadores, debido a su alta participación porcentual. Objetivo: Evaluar los siniestros de moto ocurridos en la ciudad de Medellín-Colombia entre los años 2008 al 2014. Materiales y métodos: Se tomó la información reportada mensualmente por la Secretaría de Tránsito de 107.125 casos relacionados con los siniestros de tránsito asociados con los conductores de moto. Se utilizó análisis probabilístico, descriptivo exploratorio de tipo unidimensional y análisis MANOVA. Resultados: Se encontró un incremento significativo en los siniestros asociados con la conducción de motos, en la ciudad de Medellín en los últimos años, detectando diferencia (p<0,01) entre sexos, entre rangos de edad y tipos de siniestro. Conclusión: Esta investigación permitió evidenciar una tendencia creciente en la cantidad de heridos y personas fenecidas asociadas a la participación de motociclistas o de acompañantes, anotando que la mayoría perten|r{ al sexo masculino, en edades que oscilan entre los 20 y 29 años.AbstractIntroduction: Road traffic injuries are considered a public health problem worldwide which have an impact on society, economy and the health system of a country. It is considered one of the main causes of death around the world. Among road traffic injuries, those associated with motorcycles have drawn attention to researchers due to its high percentage participation. Objective: To evaluate motorcycle accidents that occurred between 2008 and 2014 in Medellin, Colombia.Materials and methods: The information reported monthly by the Secretariat of Transportation of 107.125 cases related to traffic accidents associated with motorcycle riders was taken. Probabilistic analysis, descriptive and exploratory analysis of dimensional type, and MANOVA were used. Results: A significant increase in road traffic injuries associated with motorcycle riding was found in the city of Medellin during the last years as well as the difference (p <0,01) between sexes, age ranges and types of loss. Conclusion: This research allowed to highlight an increasing trend in the number of wounded and defunct people associated with the participation of motorcycle riders or passengers, noting that the majority of them were males between 20 and 29 years old.