bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic modeling and harmonic analysis of surface-mounted three-phase AC permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhang Xing , Jin Xiaoliang , Zhang Huijie , Zhao Wanhua
Published: January 2023

CNC machine tools have high requirements for precision and smoothness of motion. As the power source, the performance of the servo motor has a significant impact on the movement of the machine tool. Harmonic is a common phenomenon in motors, which brings adverse effects on the performance of the motor, even the whole machine and the machined parts. Therefore, it’s of great significance to study the source, characteristics, and influencing factors of the harmonics. In this paper, the time domain modeling, simulation, and analysis are carried out for the harmonic phenomenon of the surface-mounted 3-phase AC permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Firstly, a dynamic model of the servo motor integrated with its control and driving system is established under ideal conditions, and the simulation of the motor running state is realized in the time domain. On this basis, the modeling and simulation are carried out for the inverter dead-zone, cogging torque, rotor mixed-eccentricity, and 3-phase asymmetry, respectively, and the frequency components of the harmonics caused by these factors are obtained. Finally, the influence of load and motor rotational velocity on 3-phase current and torque harmonics is analyzed, and the interactions between the inverter and the motor are investigated. The results show that the inverter and the motor are coupled to each other as an integrated system, and they have impacts on each other. The established model is verified by experiments.
Simulation and experimental study on milling mechanism and tool wear of low volume SiCp/Al composites
Authors: Chen Ye , Gao Qi , Wang Quanzhao , Yin Xunyu
Published: January 2023

Silicon carbide particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites are widely used in national defense and related high-end technology fields due to their excellent mechanical properties. To explore the milling mechanism and tool wear mechanism of low-volume SiCp/Al composites in high velocity milling, the milling experiments for 20% volume SiCp/Al2009 composites were performed using a polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tools. A three-dimensional milling model of SiCp/Al composite was established considering the random distribution of SiC particles, the influence of milling parameters on surface quality was comprehensively analyzed and its cutting mechanism was described, and the wear forms and mechanism of PCD tools were revealed during milling of SiCp/Al composites. The result showed that the cutting depth is the main factor affecting the machined surface quality, followed by the spindle speed, and the feed rate has the smallest effect on it. It was observed that when spindle speed ( n) was 17,000 r/min, the feed rate ( f) was 8 mm/min, the depth of cut ( ap) was 0.04 mm, the surface roughness value was the smallest, Ra was 0.056 μm. The surface morphology was mainly manifested as pits, cracks, burrs, and so on, subsurface defects included particle breakage, peeling, and matrix cracks, and the tool wear forms included chipping, flaking, and bond wear.
Effects of oscillation frequency on the flow characteristics of a centrifugal pump impeller with sinusoidal flow rate
Authors: Kuang Renfei , Li Yu , Chen Xiaoping
Published: January 2023

This study uses large eddy simulation to investigate the flow characteristics of a centrifugal pump impeller with sinusoidal flow rate and constant rotational speed. Five different oscillation frequencies ( f/f0 = 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0, where f0 indicates one-ninth of the rotational speed) are selected to isolate the influence of oscillation frequency on the flow characteristics. Studies show that the pressure deviation between dropping and rising stages concentrates at the impeller inlet at instantaneous 0.5  Qd ( Qd is the design load), and its value increases with the increase in oscillation frequency. The lowest period of many flow characteristics, including pressure fluctuation and head, equals to that of flow rate. The differences in pressure fluctuation between adjacent channels decreases with the increase in oscillation frequency. The first and second dominant frequencies of pressure fluctuation are mainly affected by the oscillation frequency in the nonstall passage, and they have an important relationship with the stall vortex in the stall passage. With the increase in oscillation frequency, the amplitude of lowest order head pulsation increases, and the high order head pulsation gradually weakens. The average head is approximately 2.36 m.
George Stephen Penny (1885–1964): his life and medical encounters before, during and after admission to Broadmoor Criminal Lunatic Asylum
Authors: Hilton Claire
Published: January 2023

Amid extensive press coverage, George Stephen Penny (1885–1964) was tried for murder in 1923. He was found ‘guilty but insane’ due to ‘confusional insanity’ associated with malaria which he suffered during World War I. Penny was admitted to Broadmoor Criminal Lunatic Asylum at a time of great public concern about inadequate and cruel care in mental institutions, but he was treated with humanity and respect. Penny’s story also reveals much about challenges of psychiatric diagnosis and the relationships between crime, insanity, the public, lawyers and the medical profession. Following discharge from Broadmoor, Penny built himself a life in the community. His pseudonymous memoir, with masterly concealment of his identity and crime, tells his story up to 1925.
Access and Use of Preventive Health Care by Adolescents in Immigrant Families: An Integrative Review
Authors: Durning Jennifer Dean , Moriarty Helene
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

More than 25% of American adolescents live in immigrant families. This cohort of adolescents is a minority group with amplified health challenges. The purpose of this study was to provide an integrative review of quantitative research on the access and use of primary and preventive health care by adolescents in immigrant families.

Method:

Searches yielded 460 reports, 54 of them satisfied criteria for full-text review, and four publications met inclusion criteria.

Results:

Research, albeit very limited, revealed that adolescents in immigrant families have poor access to and use of preventive health care.

Discussion:

Lack of primary health care may prevent identification of health risks in immigrant adolescents and lead them to perceive that preventive health care is unnecessary. Researchers are challenged to develop and test health promotion interventions tailored for these adolescents. Study recruitment outside of high schools, the typical setting, is critical to advance knowledge and improve access for this vulnerable population.
The effect of microparticles/nanoparticles surface modification on the magnetorheological fluid properties: A review
Authors: Rabbani Yahya , Hajinajaf Nima , Shariaty-Niassar Mojtaba
Published: January 2023

Magnetorheological fluids are considered smart materials since their properties change significantly when exposed to a magnetic field, making them interesting for a variety of industries. These fluids are composed of three main components: dispersed particles, carrier fluid, and additives. The latter of which has been the subject of various studies. Therefore, this paper reviews the characteristics and parameters of the particles dispersed in additives and their impact on fluid rheological properties and stability. Also, the surface modification of magnetic and non-magnetic micro and nanoparticles have been investigated. A detailed review of previous studies has been carried out to examine the effects of various parameters such as types of coatings, coating layers, coating thickness, density change, and change in magnetic saturation, on the stability and rheological properties of MR fluids.
Aging Well in Management Education: An Interview
Authors: Risavy Stephen D. , Deszca Gene
Published: January 2023

With an unprecedently aging population and the abolition of mandatory retirement in many countries, management educators are remaining in their jobs longer than ever before; thus, it has never been more important to ask the question of: how can management educators remain effective and engaged while avoiding burnout throughout a career in the academy? The issue of aging well in management education is relatively under-acknowledged in the literature and we sought to move this topic into focus for higher education institutions and management educators. The interview we present focuses on the experiences of an accomplished management scholar and educator: Professor Emeritus and Full Professor, Gene Deszca. Dr. Deszca aged well as a management educator during his 37-year career at his institution until his retirement at the age of 69 and a half. The major themes from the interview suggest the benefits of interactions and relationships, autonomy, institutional support, and a willingness and ability to change. Based on these major themes, we provide implications for higher education institutions and management educators. It is our hope that management educators will engage with this interview and reflect on their own experiences while considering how they can age well throughout their career in the academy.
Assessing Gambling Disorder Using Semistructured Interviews or Self-Report? Evaluation of the Structured Clinical Interview for Gambling Disorder Among Swedish Gamblers
Authors: Molander Olof , Månsson Viktor , Berman Anne H. , Grant Jon E. , Wennberg Peter
Published: January 2023

The Structured Clinical Interview for Gambling Disorder (SCI-GD) has the potential to bridge a diagnostic clinical gap, but psychometric evaluations have been scarce, in particular in relation to self-reported diagnostic criteria. This study analyzed existing data, including Swedish gamblers ( N = 204) from treatment- and help-seeking contexts, self-help groups, and the general population, who were interviewed with the SCI-GD and completed self-report measures. The results indicated that fewer individuals fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for gambling disorder (GD) with the SCI-GD ( n = 110, 54%), compared to a self-report Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders:5th Edition ( DSM-5) questionnaire on GD ( n = 145, 71%; p < .001). Agreement between interviews and self-reported criteria was generally low (Fleiss kappa range: 0.31–0.52; r range: 0.35–0.55). A Rasch analysis showed that specific diagnostic criteria varied in difficulty, indicating a general pattern of higher item difficulty for the SCI-GD compared to self-reported DSM-5 criteria. Both the SCI-GD and the self-reported DSM-5 criteria performed well in terms of internal consistency, convergent, and discriminant validity. We conclude that the SCI-GD is a reliable and valid diagnostic tool to assess GD among individuals with various gambling behavior patterns. Further research-related and clinical implications are discussed.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone within the normal reference range has a U-shaped association with the severity of coronary artery disease in nondiabetic patients but is diluted in diabetic patients
Authors: Li Wenyuan , He Qingyuan , Zhang Haoxuan , Shu Shan , Wang Lijun , Wu Yue , Yuan Zuyi , Zhou Juan
Published: January 2023

Too high or too low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) has been associated with the progress and prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, whether TSH within its normal reference range plays a role in the severity of CAD remains unclear. In this observational study, we explored the potential relationship of hypersensitive TSH (hs-TSH) with the severity of CAD in euthyroid patients with or without diabetes mellitus. A total of 7357 CAD patients with euthyroidism were enrolled in this study. Of those, 1997 had diabetes mellitus. The severity of CAD was evaluated through the presence of myocardial infarction (MI) and the severity of coronary lesions, which was calculated using the Gensini score (GS). Logistic regression models treating hs-TSH as a categorical variable and restricted cubic spline analyses treating it as a continuous variable were used to evaluate the associations of hs-TSH with the severity of CAD. The propensity score matching method was used to further validate the differences between diabetic and nondiabetic patients. CAD patients with diabetes mellitus had lower levels of hs-TSH (1.6 (0.97–2.53) vs 1.67 (1.00–2.64)) in serum compared with CAD patients without diabetes mellitus. Meanwhile, hs-TSH was independently related to the severity of CAD. In CAD patients with vs without diabetes mellitus, the U-shaped relationship between hs-TSH and MI was more prominent in patients without diabetes mellitus, and the significant U-shaped association between higher GS and hs-TSH remained only in nondiabetes. Therefore, hs-TSH within the normal reference range has a U-shaped association with the severity of CAD in nondiabetic patients, which is markedly diluted in diabetic patients.
Reflexive, Ambivalent and Inclusive. Masculinities Among Young University Students in Lima, Peru
Authors: Fuller Norma
Published: January 2023

This research contrasts the responses of two generations of young Peruvian university students to the demands of women’s movements and TLGBIQ collectives. It concludes that the millennial generation presents changes as well as persistent continuities. Their relationship with feminism is ambivalent; they accept its legitimacy, but feel threatened by the prospect of dismantling certain certainties. In line with changes observed in global youth culture, young millennials are more inclusive and are willing to accept that being masculine does not imply being heterosexual.
Masculinities and Public Policies in Latin America
Authors: Aguayo Francisco
Published: January 2023

Examples of public policies in four domains are presented that are useful in understanding policies around masculinity in Latin America: a) childrearing and childcare; b) the field of men’s health; c) addressing and preventing male violence; and d) sexual diversity. The purpose of this is to illustrate the current state of policies around masculinity in the region. Progress has been made in terms of such policies and programs, although this is still an emerging field with much work remaining toward achieving gender equality.
G-SAIP: Graphical Sequence Alignment Through Parallel Programming in the Post-Genomic Era
Authors: Piña Johan S. , Orozco-Arias Simon , Tobón-Orozco Nicolas , Camargo-Forero Leonardo , Tabares-Soto Reinel , Guyot Romain
Published: January 2023

A common task in bioinformatics is to compare DNA sequences to identify similarities between organisms at the sequence level. An approach to such comparison is the dot-plots, a 2-dimensional graphical representation to analyze DNA or protein alignments. Dot-plots alignment software existed before the sequencing revolution, and now there is an ongoing limitation when dealing with large-size sequences, resulting in very long execution times. High-Performance Computing (HPC) techniques have been successfully used in many applications to reduce computing times, but so far, very few applications for graphical sequence alignment using HPC have been reported. Here, we present G-SAIP (Graphical Sequence Alignment in Parallel), a software capable of spawning multiple distributed processes on CPUs, over a supercomputing infrastructure to speed up the execution time for dot-plot generation up to 1.68× compared with other current fastest tools, improve the efficiency for comparative structural genomic analysis, phylogenetics because the benefits of pairwise alignments for comparison between genomes, repetitive structure identification, and assembly quality checking.
Shock and the materialist conception of art: Considerations for a politicised cultural psychology
Authors: Malherbe Nick
Published: January 2023

The materialist conception of art understands art in relation to the material conditions within and by which art is produced and consumed. For cultural psychology, the materialist conception of art has been useful for developing insights into how individual perceptions are shaped, and are shaped by, culture as a collectively produced and historically embedded site of meaning-making. However, in much of cultural psychology, the relationship between progressive politics and the materialist conception of art remains under-appreciated. In this article, I consider how cultural psychologists might strengthen this relation through artistic shock, that is, a subjective, perceptual, and/or historiographical rupture brought about through the experience of art. In particular, I outline how Bertolt Brecht and Walter Benjamin theorised and practiced artistic shock, and examine what the work of these thinkers could mean for cultural psychologists working with political collectives to grapple with psychopolitical questions related to subjectivity, contradiction, and memory. I conclude by reflecting on how future work that seeks to politicise cultural psychology might engage with the materialist conception of art.
Writing fluency instructional practices for college-level multilinguals in a U.S. intensive writing course: From an activity theory perspective
Authors: Min Jeeyoung
Published: January 2023

This study examined how one teacher conceptualized writing fluency for college-level emergent multilingual students and how instructional practices of writing fluency supported the development of the teacher’s conceptualization and pedagogy of writing fluency in an intensive English writing course. From an activity theory perspective, I conducted an interpretive case study at a large state university in the Northeastern United States. Drawing on activity systems analysis, I analyzed multiple data sources: interview transcripts, field notes, and analytic memos. First, findings revealed that the teacher conceptualized writing fluency as the ability to make a quick association of cognitive, linguistic, and social elements for written communication by navigating the competing objects and interplay of the complex and concurrent activity systems of the teacher, institution, and students. Second, findings demonstrated that prompted writing, blackboard writing, and freewriting practices supported the teacher in developing her conceptualization of the practice of writing fluency: prompting emergent multilingual students to make a quick association of cognitive, linguistic, and social skills for written communication; advising the students to complete written work in a short time and learn from each other through the in-the-moment peer assessment; and facilitating the students’ free associations of diverse topics in a self-directed way. This study has implications for teachers, researchers, and policymakers who invest in curriculum development and classroom instruction of writing fluency for college-level emergent multilingual students.
“Strength and courage in a wonderbra”: Femininity, drag, and the spice girls
Authors: Padan Maayan
Published: January 2023

The Spice Girls were a unique pop phenomenon, promoting feminist ideology while being dismissed as proponents of postfeminism and positioned as collaborators with the patriarchy. Drawing on music videos the band released during 1997, this article suggests that the band’s queer choices, regarding the spice personas the band adopted, were overlooked. This article explores the spice personas presentation of femme embodiments using drag: subverting notions of femininity as natural and monolithic, and resisting femininity as ubiquitously disempowering. By highlighting the heterosexual bias and anti-sex undertones in postfeminism, this analysis generates a multifaceted reading of popular femme performances as female-to-femme drag.
Influences of wheel polygon amplitude on wheel-rail vibration and sound radiation
Authors: Song Zhikun , Wang Faming , Hu Xiaoyi , Cheng Di , Li Qiang
Published: January 2023

Wheel polygon amplitude can greatly affect wheel-rail vibration and sound radiation. Based on multi-body dynamics theory, a vehicle-track rigid-flexible coupling dynamics model was established. According to the actual running wear condition of the wheel, the wheel-rail vibration response was calculated and analyzed (the order of wheel polygons is 20, and the polygon amplitude is 0.01/0.02/0.03/0.04 mm, respectively). Together with the finite element/boundary model of the wheel, the calculated wheel-rail force was used as an external incentive to analyze the effects of polygon amplitude on the time-frequency domain of wheel noise. The research results show that: when the polygon order is 20, with the increase of polygon amplitude, the wheel-rail vertical force and the acceleration of wheel, rail and track slab increase gradually. It’s also found that the rail acceleration is obviously more sensitive to the amplitude than the track slab acceleration, while the vertical displacement of the rail and track slab is less sensitive to the polygon amplitude. At the same amplitude, the closer to the wheel rolling line, the more obvious the sound pressure decreases with the increase of height. At different amplitudes, the sound pressure at different positions will increase with the rise of the polygon amplitude. The root mean square value of sound power increases gradually with the addition of amplitude: When the amplitude changes from 0.01 mm to 0.04 mm, the calculated sound power increases by 4.1 dB.
Standard observer watts: Evaluating the efficiency of circadian-effective luminaires using a standard observer methodology
Authors: Rea MS , Bierman A , Thayer A , Jarboe C , Figueiro M
Published: January 2023

The daily timings of our behavioural activities and physiological functions are regulated by the master biological clock in the brain. Disruption of these circadian rhythms can lead to poor performance and poor health. Consistent exposure to bright days and dim nights is necessary for circadian entrainment and, thus, for good sleep and good health. Since we spend most of our lives indoors, we often must rely on electric lighting for circadian entrainment. Surprisingly perhaps, current lighting practice does not purposely support circadian entrainment. A perceived barrier to promoting circadian entrainment with electric lighting is the absence of a standard test method for assessing the efficiency of luminaires for providing circadian-effective light to building occupants. Proposed is a measure for quantifying luminaire efficiency based on the electric power (watts) needed to reach the circadian stimulus criterion (CS = 0.3) at the eyes of a standard observer, termed Standard Observer Watts (SOWatt). The present paper describes how SOWatt can be applied to ceiling mounted, accent and table-top luminaires.
Endovascular Technique for Ascending Aorta Repair Based on TEVAR and TAVI Procedures
Authors: Garrido José M. , Ferreiro-Marzal Andrea , Esteban-Molina María , Rodríguez-Morata Alejandro , Rodríguez-Serrano Fernando
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

Ascending aorta (AAo) acute pathology still has an open-surgery indication with a high mortality rate associated to cardiopulmonary bypass and circulatory arrest. In these cases, the endovascular aortic approach could be an excellent option. The aim of the present study is to detail an optimized technique for the endovascular treatment of AAo diseases, based on thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedures.

Technique:

The procedure implies the usual preparation for TEVAR and TAVI implants. A transient pacemaker lead is necessary to deliver the prosthesis under “rapid pacing.” As in the TAVI technique, a final high-support guidewire is placed at the left ventricle. The proximal landing zone is the sinotubular junction (zone 0B). Transesophageal echocardiography is essential to ensure aortic valve function and patency in coronary arteries during the delivery. To assess a potential occlusion of the brachiocephalic artery, a guidewire is positioned in the descending aorta from the axillary artery. Finally, a noncovered stent is implanted to stabilize the AAo prosthesis.

Conclusion:

The technique presented here can standardize a safe and reproducible procedure to endovascular repair of AAo diseases. However, new devices specifically designed for the AAo could facilitate the transcatheter approach.

Clinical Impact

Ascending aorta acute pathology still has an open-surgery indication with high mortality rate associated to cardiopulmonary bypass and circulatory arrest. Moreover, near 30% of patients are not considered suitable for surgery because of age, critical situation or the presence of severe comorbidities. The present study provides a detailed and optimized technique for the endovascular treatment of ascending aorta disease, based on TEVAR and TAVI procedures.
Corilagin alleviates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury by relieving oxidative stress and apoptosis via AMPK/Sirt1-autophagy pathway
Authors: Li Bin , Li Wenlian , Zheng Meiling , Wang Yunxiang , Diao Yunpeng , Mou Xiaojuan , Liu Jing
Published: January 2023

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) injury is a common pathological process with high clinical morbidity and mortality. Autophagy plays an important role in the pathological development of II/R. Corilagin (CA) is a natural ellagitannin with various pharmacological effects such as autophagy regulation, antioxidant, and antiapoptosis. However, whether CA alleviates II/R injury is still unclear. In this study, we had found that CA significantly attenuated II/R induced intestinal tissue pathological damage, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis in rats. Further studies showed that CA significantly promoted AMPK phosphorylation and sirt1 expression, and thus activated autophagy by upregulating protein expression of autophagy-related proteins Beclin1 and LC3II and promoting SQSTM1/P62 degradation both in vivo and in vitro. Inhibition of AMPK phosphorylation by its inhibitor compound C(CC) significantly abolished CA-mediated autophagy activation and the relievable effects on oxidative stress and apoptosis in vitro, suggesting the excellent protective activity of CA against II/R injury via AMPK/Sirt1-autophagy pathway. These findings confirmed the potent effects of CA against II/R injury, and provided novel insights into the mechanisms of the compound as a potential candidate for the treatment of II/R.
Reduced type 3 innate lymphoid cells related to worsening kidney function in renal dysfunction
Authors: Pan Zhao-Yu , Liu Hong-Qian , Zhuang Yu-Pei , Tan Hai-Bo , Yang Xiao-Ya , Zhong Hao-Jie , He Xing-Xiang
Published: January 2023

Intestinal mucosa barrier injury and immunity imbalance contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are essential for normal intestinal homeostasis. Nevertheless, the relationship between ILC3s and CKD remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship linking ILC3s to clinical indicators among patients with renal dysfunction. The levels of circulating ILC3s and dendritic cells, as well as their subsets, in patients with renal dysfunction and healthy controls were determined through flow cytometry. The levels of human plasma granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Renal function was evaluated by measuring the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), as well as the levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and uric acid. The results revealed that the proportion of peripheral ILC3s was significantly decreased in patients with renal dysfunction. This reduction was positively associated with the levels of eGFR, and inversely associated with the levels of BUN and uric acid. Similarly, the percentage of circulating C-C motif chemokine receptor 6-positive (CCR6 +) ILC3s was also obviously reduced, and demonstrated positive and negative associations with the levels of eGFR and BUN, respectively. Furthermore, the levels of CCR6 + ILC3s correlated positively with those of GM-CSF, as well as type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s), which also decreased in parallel with kidney function. Thus, the reduction of ILC3s, particularly CCR6 + ILC3s, was related to worsening kidney function in patients with renal dysfunction. This effect may delay renal function impairment by regulating cDC1s via the secretion of GM-CSF, indicating that CCR6 + ILC3s may serve as efficient biomarkers for evaluating kidney function.
Associations Between Cognitive Function and ACL Injury-Related Biomechanics: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bertozzi Filippo , Fischer Patrick D. , Hutchison Keith A. , Zago Matteo , Sforza Chiarella , Monfort Scott M.
Published: January 2023

Context:

Does lower baseline cognitive function predispose athletes to ACL injury risk, especially when performing unplanned or dual-task movements?

Objective:

To evaluate the association between cognitive function and biomechanics related to ACL injuries during cognitively challenging sports movements.

Data Sources:

PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO databases were searched; additional hand searching was also conducted.

Study Selection:

The following inclusion criteria had to be met: participants completed (1) a neurocognitive test, (2) a cognitively challenging sport-related task involving lower limbs, and (3) a biomechanical analysis. The following criteria determined exclusion from the review: studies involving participants with (1) recent or current musculoskeletal injuries; (2) recent or current concussion; (3) ACL surgical reconstruction, reviews of the literature, commentary or opinion articles, and case studies.

Study Design:

Systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement and registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO).

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Data Extraction:

Two of authors independently extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of the articles with the Downs and Black and ROBINS-I checklists, to assess methodological quality and risk of bias, respectively.

Results:

Six studies with different methodologies and confounding factors were included in this review. Of these 6 studies, 3 were ranked as high-quality, 3 demonstrated a low risk of bias, 2 a moderate risk, and 1 a severe risk. Five studies found a cognitive-motor relationship, with worse cognitive performance associated with increased injury risk, with 1 study reporting the opposite directionality for 1 variable. One study did not identify any interaction between cognitive function and biomechanical outcomes.

Conclusion:

Worse cognitive performance is associated with an increased injury risk profile during cognitively challenging movements.
Volatility Spillover Effects between Indian Stock Market and Global Stock Markets: A DCC-GARCH Model
Authors: Yadav Nikhil , Singh Anurag Bhadur , Tandon Priyanka
Published: January 2023

The present article empirically estimates the volatility spillover transmission in Indian equity market represented by Sensex from world economies composite index (Euro Stoxx 50) using the dynamic conditional correlation generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (DCC-GARCH) model. The study uses secondary data spanning between 1 April 2012 and March 2022 on weekly basis. The DCC-GARCH model is applied to examine the spillover from developed stock markets to Indian stock market (Sensex). The findings of the study revealed that in short run there is a spillover effect from global markets to Indian stock markets. Investors can invest in the Indian stock market for the long period of time as there is no volatility spillover or volatility transmission from Euro and Nasdaq however in short run the investment in the Indian stock market is not safe due to the presence of volatility effect from all developed stock markets.
Startup Financing: Some Evidence from the Indian Venture Capital Industry
Authors: Majumdar Raju , Mittal Ankur
Published: January 2023

This study analyses the venture capitalists’ evaluation of startups in the Indian context by using primary data obtained from a survey study of representatives drawn from the industry. A distinguishing feature of the study is the categorization of venture capitalists on the basis of their stage of financing for analyzing the nature of diversification prevalent in the industry, the rank order of risks as perceived by the different categories of venture capitalists, and their expected risk premium. The findings of the study suggest the existence of two broad categories of venture capitalists; those involved in early-stage financing and those who invested across the life stages of startups. Furthermore, results indicate that each of these two categories of venture firms attaches varying importance to the broad considerations that are known to impact a startup’s value, they are differently diversified, their rank order of perceived risks is different and so is the expected risk premium.
Synergetic Effects of Liquid Ammonia, Protease, and Polyurethane Nano-Emulsion on Improving Shrink Resistance of Wool
Authors: Shang Xianqin , Wang Qiang , Jiang Zhe , Ma Haitao
Published: January 2023

In order to enhance the shrink-resistant properties of wool to achieve a machine washable effect, the effect of water-soluble polyurethane polymer on a worsted wool fabric which was modified by liquid ammonia and protease was investigated. The worsted wool fabric was pretreated by a continuous liquid ammonia finishing machine and then treated by protease, followed by polyurethane nano-emulsion coating. The results showed that, after liquid ammonia and protease treatment, the surface scales of wool were seriously damaged, even partly peeling off, and the disulfide bond content of the wool decreased while the active group content of the wool increased. Furthermore, after polyurethane finishing, the surface scale and the gap between the scales were covered with a thin film, and the area shrinkage reached 3.1% when the concentration of polyurethane was 20 g/L, showing an effective improvement in the shrink resistance of the worsted fabric. As far as our knowledge goes, this is a systematic report on the synergistic effect of liquid ammonia, protease, and polyurethane on the shrink resistance of wool fiber, and provides a new method for the commercial application of shrink-resistant finishing of wool fabric.
Valorization of Solid Wastes from Textile Industry as an Adsorbent Through Activated Carbon Production
Authors: Parmakoğlu Emire Ülkü , Çay Ahmet , Yanık Jale
Published: January 2023

In this study, recycling of solid textile wastes into activated carbon and the potential use of these activated carbons in color removal were investigated. Cotton and cotton/polyester-blended fabric wastes and textile wastewater treatment sludge were selected as solid textile wastes. A two-stage method, low temperature carbonization, and chemical activation with ZnCl2 were applied to prepare large surface area and rich-pore structure activated carbon from fabric wastes and sludge in textile industry. The activated carbons were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescent, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. The reactive dye (Reactive Red 141) adsorption capacity of the activated carbons was investigated by the batch adsorption method. Activated carbon yields were found in the range of 28–34%. Cotton textile waste-based activated carbons were found to have the highest surface area (~1380 m2/g), followed by cotton/polyester and wastewater treatment sludge-based activated carbons. Wastewater treatment sludge-based activated carbons showed the highest dye adsorption capacity (161.29 mg/g), possibly due to its higher mesoporosity. The obtained results showed that the adsorption of the reactive dye onto textile waste-based activated carbons produced by two-step process is favorable. The developed activated carbons fit the circular economy approach well, offering a promising potential for solid textile waste management, as well as for water remediation.
Mitochondrial genomes of soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae): features, structures and significance
Authors: Lu Congcong , Huang Xiaolei , Deng Jun
Published: January 2023

Background

Soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), including important agricultural and forestry pests, are difficult to identify directly by morphological characters. Mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) have been widely used in species identification and phylogenetic research. However, only three complete mitogenomes, and very few mitochondrial genes of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) can be searched in GenBank. Mitogenome comparisons between scale insects or between scale insects and other hemipteran species have not yet been reported.

Results

In this study, detailed annotation of three new mitogenomes and comparative analysis of scale insects were completed, as well as comparative analysis of the gene composition, gene arrangement, codon usage and evolutionary forces between scale insects and 488 other hemipteran species for the first time. We found that high A + T content, gene rearrangement and truncated tRNAs are common phenomena in soft scales. The average A + T content and codon usage bias of scale insects are higher and stronger than those of other hemipteran insects, respectively. The atp8 gene of Hemiptera and nine other protein-coding genes of scale insects are under positive selection with higher evolutionary rates.

Conclusions

The study revealed the particularity of the scale insect mitogenomes, which will provide a good reference for future research on insect phylogenetic relationships, insect pest control, biogeography and identification.
The rhizosphere Microbiome of Malus sieversii (Ldb.) Roem. in the geographic and environmental gradients of China's Xinjiang
Authors: Jiao Huiying , Liu Liqiang , Wang Ruizhe , Qin Wei , Zhang Bo
Published: January 2023

Malus sieversii (Ldb.) Roem. is the original species of modern cultivated apple and a key national essential conservation plant in China. In recent years, degradation and death of wild apple has been exacerbated by imbalances in the rhizosphere micro-ecosystems of wild apple forests due to soil nutrient loss, grazing, climate change and pest and disease outbreaks. However, the structure, diversity and response to environmental factors of wild apple rhizosphere microbial communities are so far unclear. In this study, the rhizosphere bacterial and eukaryotic communities of M. sieversii (Ldb.) Roem. in eight regions of the Yili River were analyzed using 16S/18S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The results indicated that the bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Shannon index, and community composition were significantly lower in regions A, E, and F than in other regions. By contrast, the dominant eukaryotic communities in all regions were relatively similar in composition and differed less than the relative abundance of bacterial communities. Geographical and climatic distance were found to be key factors influencing the composition and diversity of wild apple rhizosphere microbial communities through mantel analysis. Moreover, these factors above were more correlated with bacterial diversity than with eukaryotes. This study identified the structure of wild apple rhizosphere microbial communities in Xinjiang and their interaction mechanisms under geographical and environmental gradients. It provides guidance for the sustainable management and ecological construction of wild apple forests in China.
Comparative analysis of the chrysanthemum transcriptome with DNA methylation inhibitors treatment and silencing MET1 lines
Authors: Kang Dongru , Khan Muhammad Ayoub , Song Pan , Liu Yvru , Wu Yifei , Ai Penghui , Li Zhongai , Wang Zicheng
Published: January 2023

Background

As one of the ten most famous flowers in China, the chrysanthemum has rich germplasm with a variety of flowering induction pathways, most of which are photoperiod-induced. After treatment with DNA methylation inhibitors, it was found that DNA methylation plays an important role in flowering regulation, but the mechanism of action remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, curcumin, 5-azaC, their mixed treatment, and MET1-RNAi lines were used for transcriptome sequencing to find out how different treatments affected gene expression in chrysanthemums at different stages of flowering.

Results

Genomic DNA methylation levels were measured using HPLC technology. The methylation level of the whole genome in the vegetative growth stage was higher than that in the flowering stage. The methylation level of DNA in the vegetative growth stage was the lowest in the curcumin and mixed treatment, and the methylation level of DNA in the transgenic line, mixed treatment, and curcumin treatment was the lowest in the flowering stage. The flowering rate of mixed treatment and curcumin treatment was the lowest. Analysis of differentially expressed genes in transcriptomes showed that 5-azaC treatment had the most differentially expressed genes, followed by curcumin and transgenic lines, and mixed treatment had the fewest. In addition, 5-azaC treatment resulted in the differential expression of multiple DNA methylation transferases, which led to the differential expression of many genes. Analysis of differentially expressed genes in different treatments revealed that different treatments had gene specificity. However, the down-regulated GO pathway in all 4 treatments was involved in the negative regulation of the reproductive process, and post-embryonic development, and regulation of flower development. Several genes associated with DNA methylation and flowering regulation showed differential expression in response to various treatments.

Conclusions

Both DNA methylase reagent treatment and targeted silencing of the MET1 gene can cause differential expression of the genes. The operation of the exogenous application is simple, but the affected genes are exceedingly diverse and untargeted. Therefore, it is possible to construct populations with DNA methylation phenotypic diversity and to screen genes for DNA methylation regulation.
Association between P2Y1 and P2Y12 polymorphisms and acute myocardial infarction and ADP-induced platelet aggregation
Authors: Su Chunyan , Zhang Zhishan , Chen Jintu , Tian Mengcha , Wu Conglian , Zhang Tao
Published: January 2023

Background

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between P2Y1 and P2Y12 genotypes and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the Quanzhou population and to determine associations between P2Y1 and P2Y12 genotypes and ADP-induced platelet aggregation in this population.

Methods

All subjects were screened for P2Y1 (c.1622A > G) and P2Y12 (H1/H2, c.34C > T) polymorphisms by direct DNA sequencing. The maximal platelet aggregation rate (MAR) in AMI patients (n = 61) and healthy control subjects (n = 50) was measured by a PL-12 platelet function analyzer, and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) (5 μmol/L) was used as an agonist.

Results

The haploid H2 allele in the P2Y12 gene was more frequent in patients with AMI than in control subjects (OR 1.887, P = 0.005). The P2Y12 H2 haplotype was significantly associated with AMI in the codominant (P = 0.008), dominant (OR 2.103, P = 0.003), and overdominant models (OR 2.133, P = 0.003). After adjusting for potential confounders, H2 haplotype carriers had a 2.132-fold increased risk for AMI (OR 2.132, P = 0.012) compared with noncarriers. Moreover, we observed that the ADP-induced MAR in the carriers of the H2 haplotype from the control group was somewhat higher than that in noncarriers of this group (P = 0.020). However, we failed to demonstrate that the P2Y1 H1/H2 polymorphism affected ADP-induced MAR in AMI patients. Additionally, P2Y1 c.1622A > and P2Y12 c.34C > T polymorphisms were not associated with the risk of AMI or ADP-induced MAR in either group.

Conclusions

Therefore, our results suggest that the P2Y12 H2 haplotype was associated with a higher risk of AMI, while its effect on increased ADP-induced platelet aggregation remains to be investigated. Thus, the P2Y12 H2 haplotype may be a potential marker for AMI.
Daily practices of advanced practice nurses within a multi-professional primary care practice in Switzerland: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Altermatt-von Arb Renate , Stoll Hansruedi , Kindlimann Annette , Nicca Dunja , Lauber Elke , Staudacher Sandra , Sailer Schramm Monique , Vökt Franziska , Zúñiga Franziska
Published: January 2023

Background

The rising global population of older persons with chronic conditions demands new primary care models. Advanced practice nurses (APNs) can help meet that need. In Switzerland, APNs have only recently been introduced in primary care and little is known about their daily practice. This study aims to describe APNs’ activities and general roles at four sites with multi-professional primary care practices in the Swiss cantons of Bern and Solothurn.

Methods

To study the practices of APNs at the study sites, we adopted a social constructivist perspective, lending methods from ethnographic field research. We interviewed, observed and accompanied participants over five months, generating rich data on their daily practices. The analysis followed Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic analysis process.

Results

The APNs’ daily practices cover three main themes. Their core activities are working with expanded clinical skills and being on-site specialists for patients and their relatives. These practices are surrounded by net activities, i.e., taking care of patients in tandem with the physicians and regular visits in residential long-term care facilities. The outer activity layer consists of cohesive activities, with which APNs anchor and facilitate their role and catalyze further development of the care model. APNs tailor their expanded medical knowledge and nursing practice to maximize the value they provide in patient care.

Conclusions

This study extends our knowledge of APNs’ daily practice within a Swiss multi-professional primary care practice. Our results indicate competencies that need to be integrated in APN education and point out the high potential of APN integration in such primary care practices.
“I tried to get help about my addiction but he just gave me tablets:” male Aboriginal drug and alcohol rehabilitation clients’ experiences and preferences speaking about substance use in primary care
Authors: Farnbach Sara , Fernando Jamie , Coyte Joe , Simms Matthew , Hackett Maree L.
Published: January 2023

Background

Primary healthcare (PHC) services are crucial in supporting people who use substances. The aims of this study were to explore the experiences of Aboriginal males in NSW in treatment for substance use about speaking about their substance use with PHC staff, and their preferences for accessing PHC about their substance use.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews with residential drug and alcohol rehabilitation treatment service clients. Thematic analysis was used to develop themes inductively and deductively. Two interviews were independently double coded by an Aboriginal researcher and the project was supported by an Aboriginal Advisory Group.

Results

Twenty male adults who self-identified as Aboriginal participated (mean age 27 years). Half reported visiting PHC and talking about their substance use before their residential service stay. Two major themes developed: (1) speaking up about substance use or mental health problems linked with substance use, (2) ways to improve access to PHC about substance use. Although some males were offered treatment, some were not, and others had concerns about the treatments offered.

Conclusion

This research highlights opportunities to improve access and to better support Aboriginal males who use substances in PHC. Focus on culturally appropriate PHC and providing staff with training around substance use and treatment options may improve access. It is important to foster culturally appropriate services, develop PHC staff knowledge around substance use, focus on therapeutic relationships and have a range of treatment options available that can be tailored to individual circumstances.