bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Insight into Female Serial Killers: A Product of Childhood Abuse and Trauma?
Authors: Salman Ayesha
Published: November 2020

The main purpose of this research is an in-depth look into how childhood can affect a person in any way, in particular serial killers. There are a few different types of abuse: psychological, physical, etc., and each of these different types has its own unique effects on a child. However, sometimes patterns can be observed which can link a serial killer’s patterns to his/her victim pool and modus operandi. The paper will observe two female serial killers up close and examine the psychological motives behind their heinous crimes and how their childhoods can be linked to their M.O. and victim pool. The paper cites that while there are many differences between these two women, there are also many similarities, some of which can not be directly observed.
Drawn to distraction: Anxiety impairs neural suppression of known distractor featuresin visual search
Authors: Salahub Christine , Emrich Stephen
Published: November 2020

When searching for a target, it is possible to suppress the features of a known distractor. This suppression may occur early, preventing distractor processing altogether, or only after the distractor initially captures attention. The time course of suppression may also differ as a function of attentional control abilities, such as is seen in individuals with high anxiety. In the present study (N = 48), we used event-related potentials to examine the time course of attentional enhancement and suppression when participants were given pre-trial information about target or distractor features. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that individuals with higher levels of anxiety showed lower neural measures of suppressing the template-matching distractor, with greater evidence of enhancement. Despite this deficit in suppression, later distractor inhibition remained intact. These findings indicate that neural suppression of template-matching distractors is impaired in anxiety – highlighting the role of attentional control abilities in distractor-guided search.
Gender-affirming services in speech-language pathology: a survey of current practices
Authors: Stark Brielle C , Tanney Susan
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To investigate speech language pathologists’ (SLP) education on, knowledge of, familiarity with, and comfort/confidence in providing services to transgender and other gender-diverse individuals. Method: N=201 SLPs were surveyed online between December 2019 and March 2020, representing practitioners in the USA, Australia, Ireland, Canada, South Africa, and Italy. Empirical data was collected using a mixed-method online survey to evaluate trends in service provision to clients across the gender spectrum.Results: Most respondents identified as cisgender, were between the ages of 26-35 or over 45, and reported having worked with at least one gender-diverse client across their clinical career. SLPs working in facilities dedicated to gender-affirmative care were more likely to have worked with a member of our demographic of interest, and were also more likely to report strong confidence in use of demographic specific terms, like “gender fluid”, “gender dysphoria”, and “gender expression”, and were more likely to report consulting outside sources (conferences, colleagues, personal research) for further information on gender-diverse populations than those working in other spaces. Most respondents indicated hearing and knowing gender-relevant terminology, with mixed agreement about confidence in using said terms in a clinical setting. When asked about feeling confident and comfortable in clinically providing services to this population, the majority indicated that they would not. Conclusions: We discuss critical implications of the work as it pertains to current SLP practices, and also recommend future directions for the field, with the goal of moving toward a field-wide practice where all areas of service delivery are gender-inclusive and gender-affirmative.
Running Online Behavioral Experiments Using R: Implementation of a Response-Time Decision Making Task as an R-Shiny App
Authors: Perez Santangelo Agustín , Solovey Guillermo
Published: November 2020

Online experiments make it possible to reach a large number of participants in a short time at a relatively low cost. However, uncontrolled conditions in online experiments can be problematic, particularly when it is paramount to measure participant’s response-time (RT) with millisecond-level precision. To evaluate the reliability of RT data collected online, we implemented a rapid two-digit number comparison task in a mobile-friendly open-source application using R-Shiny, a popular R package for web app development. In the task, subjects were briefly presented with a two-digit target number and had to decide if it was larger or smaller than a standard fixed number (65). A total of N=169 participants (109 with a mobile device, 60 on a desktop computer) completed 116 trials over a ~7-minute session. Using generalized linear mixed models estimated with Bayesian inference methods, we observed a classical numerical distance effect: RT decreases with the logarithm of the absolute difference between the target and the standard. Our results support the use of R-Shiny for RT-data collection. Furthermore, we report systematic delays in RTs induced by different OS, web-browsers, and devices, highlighting the relevance of this information to dissect the technological component from the psychological component of RTs. Our work provides the reader an example of a seamless and robust implementation of an RT decision making task running online over desktop and mobile devices. It further paves the ground for the design of simple cognitive tasks using only R, a widely popular programming framework among cognitive scientists.
The crisis-ridden capitalist mode of production as driving force for restructurations and transformations in and of the media industry : explanatory theoretical elements of a critique of the political economy of the media
Authors: Knoche Manfred
Published: November 2020

The goal of this article is to explain long term restructurations and transformations of the media industry. In order to do so, the article uses theory elements of a critique of the political economy of the media. The paper is a contribution to the development of theoretical approaches that provide a theoretical analysis of the media in capitalism based on Karl Marxs concepts. The capitalist mode of production is the primary driving force of media corporations‘ strategic action and of the media economys structural transformations. Factors that are of particular relevance in such structural transformations include profit orientation, capital accumulation, capitalist crises, state policies, behaviour of producers and consumers, private property, class relations, the antagonism between productive forces and relations of production, the antagonism of variable and constant capitalism, the antagonism of use-value and exchange-value, and competition.
In persona Christi Capitis: Agency problems when God is the principal
Authors: Jace Clara , Piano Ennio Emanuele
Published: November 2020

The "in persona Christi Capitis" doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church guarantees the validity of sacraments, irrespective of the morality of the individual priest. While this protects the value of the sacraments as credence goods, it seemingly encourages moral hazard on the part of the clergy. We argue that the adoption of this doctrine by the Roman Catholic Church, when combined with an increase in screening of candidates to the priesthood, may have been an optimal response to changing historical circumstances. The historical evidence supports the hypothesis that the development of the "in persona Christi Capitis" doctrine was accompanied by marginal increases in the screening of priestly candidates by the Roman CatholicChurch. Also consistent with our hypothesis, a crossection of contemporary Christian de-nominations shows a correlation between a group’s stance on sacramental theology and the strictness of its screening of candidates to religious ministry.
Mother–child Engagement in Sports and Outdoor Activities: Intensive mothering, purposive leisure, and implications for health and relationship closeness
Authors: Knoester Chris , Fields Victoria T.
Published: November 2020

Using Fragile Families & Child Well-Being data (N = 3,252) from the U.S., this study examines mother-child interactions in sports and outdoor activities with their nine-year old children, and their association with mothers’ perceptions of the extent to which they think they are a good parent. The study also considers the implications of these mother-child engagement activities for the health of both generations and for their feelings of relationship closeness. The results reveal that most mothers participate in sports or outdoor activities with their child once per week or more; also, mother-child interactions are positively associated with mothers’ perceptions of being a good parent. In addition, we find that mother-child interactions in sports and outdoor activities are positively associated with mothers’ reports of their health and relationship closeness, but that it is children’s organized sports participation (and not mother-child interactions in sports and outdoor activities) that is positively associated with the children’s reports of their health and mother-child relationship closeness. Overall, there is support for understanding mother-child interactions in sports and outdoor activities as extensions of intensive mothering expectations and purposive leisure goals, and interactions that have positive implications for health and relationship closeness.
Perspectives of Malaysian parents on eating out: A qualitative analysis
Authors:   Nutritional Science Programme, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Abdul Ghaffar Suhaila , Abd. Talib Ruzita ,   Nutritional Science Programme, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, A. Karim Norimah ,   Nutritional Science Programme, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The culture of eating out among Malaysians has substantially increased in recent years due to the urbanisation of the society. Frequent eating out has been linked with reduced quality of diet, reduced intake of micronutrients, and increased weight gain. This study aims to explore specific factors on the perceptions and behaviours related to eating out from the perspective of parents. Methods: A qualitative study was carried out among 27 informants from various ethnicities and locations in Peninsular Malaysia. All sessions were audio-recorded, fully transcribed and analysed using thematic content analysis. Results: The main overarching theme that surfaced from this study was the role of parents in shaping the practice of eating out. Time constraints due to parents’ work commitments, the availability of various food outlets, increase in family bonding time and food preferences were recurring themes revealed by informants as facilitating factors to eating out. Other emerging themes, such as hygiene of food premises and cost of food, posed as barriers to eating out. Conclusion: These findings offered a better understanding on the eating out practices of a family from the parents’ perspective. Information as such could be incorporated in strategies to enhance the promotion of healthy eating and nutrition interventions that aim to inculcate healthy food choices while eating out.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA METODE BIMBINGAN KONSELING DAN PERILAKU SISWA KELAS X SEMESTER GENAP DI SMK NEGERI 1 TUALANG
Authors: Rita Tengku
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this research was to know the method of counseling guidance provided by counselors to students of SMK Negeri 1 Tualang and to know the relationship of counseling guidance with the behavior of students of SMK Negeri 1Tualang. The data collection in this study was conducted using qualitative techniques by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The results showed that the absence of relationship counseling guidance methods namely lecture methods, question and answer methods, and brainstorming methods of changing student behavior, namely discipline behavior, diligent behavior, polite behavior, and obedient behavior. Regarding the respondent's assessment of the quality of counseling guidance methods applied with the approach used to students, most respondents responded inappropriately, and scheduled consultations will be able to increase the interest in student counseling.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PREDICT-OBSERVE-EXPLAIN (POE) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA SD KELAS IV SDN 006 SENCANO JAYA
Authors: Yusrizal Yusrizal
Published: November 2020

This research is motivated by the low student learning outcomes in the historical subjects of class IV IPA at SDN 006 Sencano Jaya. Based on these problems, the formulation of the problem in this study is whether the application of the predict-observe-explain (POE) learning model can improve the learning outcomes of class IV students of SDN 006 Sencano Jaya. The purpose of this study is to find out the activities of teachers and students in the implementation of the learning process by using the predict-observe-explain (POE) model and to determine the effect of this learning model on learning outcomes of students of class IV SDN 006 Sencano Jaya on sains subjects. This research was conducted in two cycles, in the first cycle the learning outcomes of students reached 85.18% classical completeness and increased in the second cycle reached 100%. Based on the results of these studies it can be concluded that the application of the predict-observe-explain (POE) learning model can improve student learning outcomes in the sains lesson of the IV class at SDN 006 Sencano Jaya.
Influences of parental socio-economic status on academic achievement: A case study of rural communities in Kailali, Nepal
Authors: Pant Khagendra Raj
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore and analyze the relationship between the parental socio-economic status and academic achievement of students. The research question of the study was: How does the parental socio-economic status influence on academic achievement of students? This study focused on the interrelated dimensions of parental income, educational status, and its effect on children’s education. The study was conducted with a qualitative case study research design. Altogether 15 informants from parents, teachers, and students were selected by the purposive sampling method. In-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and observation techniques were followed during data collection. Data were analyzed using thematic narrative analysis. The study found that the majority of students of low socio-economic status have poor academic achievement. Parents of low economic background have been found less interested in the education of their children. Students from low socio-economic status more emphasized on employment rather than further study after secondary education. Such students were found to be pursuing unskilled jobs in labour market. This study recommended conducting free technical and vocational education. Schools and concerned authorities need to conduct parental awareness and education programs.
Socio-cultural, organizational factor and career development of female employees: A study on school teachers
Authors: Maharjan Sarita
Published: November 2020

The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of socio-cultural and organizational factors affecting the career development of female employees. With judgmental/ purposive sampling technique, only 142 respondents have been selected out of 150 questionnaires distributed to female school teachers. This study has tested reliability of questionnaires by using Cronbach alpha. Using multiple regression analysis, it has been found that both socio-cultural and organizational factors have negative impact on women career development. Hence, a conclusion can be drawn-out of the study that there are negative impacts of socio-cultural and organizational factors on women career development. Considering the outcomes, it can be claimed that the study could be useful for school management, trainers, and human resource developers to assist the career development of female school teachers.
Antioxidants and Lipid Peroxidation Status In Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: AK Seraj , M Shankhar , KD Raju , J Punam , P Anju , KA Rajat
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancy in women and is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the development of tumours. Several mechanisms leading to oxidative stress have been proposed in cancer patients. In this study we aimed to measure and compare the levels of zinc, superoxide dismutase, catalase, vitamin C, vitamin E, and malondialdehyde in breast cancer patients and age matched healthy controls. Methods: In this comparative cross sectional study, 30 confirmed breast cancer cases and 30 age and sex matched controls were enrolled after taking their consent. Blood sample was collected in EDTA vial, and the parameters of oxidative stress were evaluated by spectrophotometric and atomic absorption spectrophotometric methods. Results: Zinc and MDA level were significantly higher (p<0.001) in cases (106.4 µg/dl and 7.12 nmol/ml) compared to controls (89.8µg/ dl and 3.99nmol/ml). In contrast, there were lower catalase, vitamin C and E levels in cases (28.7±14.56, 0.92±0.35 and 0.68±0.13 mg/dl) compared to controls (37.1±14.7,1.62±0.59 and 1.02±0.22 mg/dl) and were statistically significant (p<0.05 and p<0.001). Whereas, superoxide dismutase was lower in cases compared to controls, but was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Zinc was found to be higher in our study as it is a pivotal element in all rapidly growing tissues. Enhanced lipid peroxidation observed in the circulation of breast cancer patients in our study can be attributed to over production of ROS and deficiency of antioxidant defences. Oxidative stress in cancer cells may trigger excessive consumption of antioxidants as a compensatory mechanism which lead to its lower concentration.
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) Root Extract
Authors: GG Faisal , SM Zakaria , GF Najmuldeen
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Currently, researchers are aiming to explore herbal plants to replace synthetic drugs because herbal plants contain high active compounds and fewer side effects. Our study was done to determine the antibacterial activity of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (E. longifolia) root using ethanol based extract. Methods: Five types of pathogenic bacterial strains were used; Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Disc diffusion assay and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) tests were used to determine the inhibition zone and turbidity of suspension which reflects the antibacterial activity of the extract. Results: The ethanolic extract of E. longifolia Jack root extract showed positive results against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and B. cereus) and Gramnegative (S. typhi). B.cereus and S.typhi showed inhibition zone values of 11.76mm and 14.33mm at the extract concentration of 150mg/ml that were higher than the positive control values (9.00, 12.67mm) respectively. However, E. coli and P. aeruginosa did not show any inhibition by the ethanol-based extract. Conclusion: From the results we can conclude that E.Longifolia root extract possesses antibacterial activity that can be further explored to produce new medicinal products.
Intention to Seek Medical Consultation for Symptoms of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection– A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: CE Tan , AH Mohd Roozi , WHR Wong , SAH Sabaruddin , NI Ghani , Z Che Man
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The common cold is the commonest reason for primary care encounters worldwide. This paper aims to describe the reasons that influence patients to seek medical consultation for the common cold. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted among adult patients of an urban teaching primary care clinic. An adapted bilingual survey form was administered by the researchers to obtain data regarding their decision to seek medical consultation for a cold and the reasons for their decision. Quantitative analyses were done to describe the close-ended responses. Open-ended responses were analysed using a qualitative approach and the frequencies of the themes were reported. Results: A total of 320 respondents participated in this study, with a response rate of 91.4%. They were predominantly females (59.4%), Malay (70.9%), and had tertiary education (65.9%). More than half of the patients (52.5%) said they would seek consultation for cold symptoms. Fever was the commonest symptom (57-61%) which compelled them to seek consultation. The commonest reason for seeking consultation was to get medications (41.7%), whereas the commonest reason not to seek consultation was the practice of self-medication (44.2%). Ethnicity was found to be significantly associated with the decision to seek doctor’s consultation. Conclusion: Colds are usually self-limiting and do not result in complications. Empowering patients by providing appropriate self-care knowledge can help to reduce the burden of primary care services. Patients should be taught about red flag symptoms as well as drug safety for medications commonly taken for colds.
Designing and Validating a New Asian Family Scale
Authors: R Musa , MA Mat Aris , S Draman , K Abdullah , MA Bujang
Published: November 2020

Introduction: All available family scales are designed for western countries and there is no validated family scale which is specifically devised for Asian population. The difference in culture and family values warrants the formulation of a specific Asian family scale to cater the regional needs. The objectives are to devise and validate a new family scale and eventually to validate it for Malaysian population. Method: The development of the questionnaire can be divided into 5 stages; identifying the domains of Asian family values, items identification for each domain and language review, pretest the pre-final version, pilot study and validation. Respondents were recruited from different ethnic groups and cultural backgrounds to represent the Malaysian population. They were selected by using stratified quota sampling from various health centres in the district of Kuantan, Malaysia. Results: A total of 588 participants enrolled in the validation stage with various ethnic backgrounds. Bartlet’s KMO value is 0.93. From 43 items, 67% had good factor loading (>0.4) and 13 items were finally dropped. Total Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.9 with 5 domains were identified by using exploratory factor analysis. There are 6 items in each domain. Conclusion: This new scale has good psychometric properties and it is a valid family scale for Malaysians. Further psychometric evaluation will further enhance the evidence for other populations in Asia.
Giant Splenic Hydatid Cyst in Pediatric Age
Authors: KN Rattan , DK Garg , A Rattan , NP Singh
Published: November 2020

Giant hydatid cyst in spleen is rare in the pediatric age group. We came across two cases of giant splenic hydatid cysts in pediatric age group, out of which, one case had pulmonary, liver and splenic hydatid cyst which was managed with single stage approach. As a single stage approach is a novel method with less morbidity, it should be adopted as a preferred method for the management of pulmonary and abdominal hydatidosis. Hydatid cyst is described as a slow growing cyst in literature, but the presentation of giant size hydatid cyst in our 7 and 12 year old child is difficult to explain by this concept of slow growth.
A Review of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours- A Single Centre Experience
Authors: ZR Muhammad , H Norra , A Suhaila , AT Norlelawati , M Naznin
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) is relatively rare. The clinical behaviour of GIST ranges from benign to frank sarcoma. The diagnosis is established through histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry profile. In Malaysia, the number of publications related to GIST is relatively rare. This study was therefore conducted to examine the demographic, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of GIST cases diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang from 2009 until 2014. Methods: Past histopathological records were reviewed. Demographic and histopathological and immunohistochemical data of patients diagnosed were collected. Results: There were 28 cases (14 males and 14 females) diagnosed as GIST. Mean age was 56.4 years, and the majority were above 40 years of age (85.7%). Stomach was the most common location (42.9%), followed by small intestine (28.6%). In 23 cases (82%), the tumours exhibited spindle cell morphology, while epithelioid cell and mixed cell types were seen in 3 cases (11%) and 2 cases (7%), respectively. Five cases were categorised as very low risk to low risk behaviour, while 18 cases were intermediate to high. None of the histological parameters analysed which include tumour morphology, necrosis, haemorrhage, nuclear atypia and mean number of mitoses showed significance difference between the different risk behaviour groups. Positivity with KIT (CD117), considered to be the defining immunohistochemistry feature, was negative in 2 cases. Conclusion: Although this study is a retrospective study, the findings contribute to the knowledge on GISTS in Malaysia. Future research related to GISTs in Malaysia should focus on molecular analyses for KIT and PDGFRA mutations for diagnostic confirmation especially in KIT-negative cases and also for the purpose of therapeutic response correlations.
Correlation between Peer Assessment Score and Final Examination Mark among IIUM First Year Medical Students
Authors: AR Jamalludin , MR Razman , S Niza
Published: November 2020

Background: Peer assessment has been shown to complement both formative and summative evaluations in education and used in some medical programmes. The study was aimed to find correlation between group work peer assessment score and final examination mark among four batches of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) first year MBBS students. Method: A set of four questions was constructed and tested to assess students’ overall role in their group research project. The difference in distribution according to years was tested by using one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis, depending on the data distribution. Pearson correlation coefficient test was done to test the linear association between peer score and final examination mark. Partial correlation test was used to adjust the correlation for four academic years. Results: From the analysed data of 502 students, there was moderate, significant positive correlation (0.366) between peer assessment score and the final examination mark (P < 0.001). Adjustment to the academic years resulted in correlation coefficient of 0.371. Conclusion: The results provide an important insight on the influence of peers’ perception in predicting the medical student academic performance.
Depression, Anxiety and Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus With and Without Foot Ulcer
Authors: H Husin , H Sidi , A Baharudin
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Anxiety and depression are both associated with increased morbidity in diabetic population, especially those afflicted with foot ulcer, whereas Erectile Dysfunction (“ED”) and Female Sexual Dysfunction (“FSD”) are amongst the common complication found in diabetes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression as primary outcome and sexual dysfunction (“SD”) as a secondary outcome in diabetic patients with and without foot ulcer (“DFU”). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun Ipoh, Perak, where 164 diabetic patients were recruited for the purpose of this study.  Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (“HADS”) were utilised to measure anxiety and depression. International Index for Erectile Function 5 (“IIEF-5”) and the Malay version of Female Sexual Function Index (“MVFSFI”) were used to detect SD. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were referred to in order to evaluate the factors associated with anxiety, depression and SD. Results: In the group with foot ulcer, 36.8% had depressive and anxiety risk respectively compared to without the foot ulcer, 37.5% and 38.5% respectively. Male gender (AOR=6.3,p=0.002,95%CI 1.975, 20.205) and having lower education status (AOR=6.0,p=0.018,95%CI1.36,26.59,) was associated with foot ulcer. High prevalence of SD found in foot ulcer group (52.6%,p=0.006). Those with depression (OR=4.421,95% CI 1.08,18.16,p=0.039) and male gender (OR=18.42,p<0.01,95%CI5.5,-61.62) predicts present of SD. Conclusion: Depression and anxiety prevalent were similar for both with and without diabetic foot ulcer. Several significant predictor factors were identified for DFU group, for anxiety and depression risk and for SD in a diabetes patient. Further studies are required to establish the directional nature of this relationship.
Educating Future Medical Professionals with the Fundamentals of Law and Ethics
Authors: JK Puteri Nemie , HO Ariff Osman , WM Ramizah
Published: November 2020

The increasing awareness amongst the society on medico-legal issues as well as the growth of consumerist attitude towards the provision of medical services has caused the medical profession to be subjected to vociferous criticism if they do not meet rising expectations of the society. Substandard services have not been well tolerated and paternalistic approaches in medical treatment are considered to be outmoded and inappropriate. Any dissatisfaction on the part of the patient towards medical services provided nowadays may easily trigger claims in the court of law. This changing trend has also fundamentally changed the behaviour of the courts towards the medical profession. Judicial and legislative interventions in medical practice have created more and more rights for the patients and consequently, corresponding legal duties for the medical profession to uphold. In the present healthcare setting, the medical profession will not be able to provide infallible services without knowledge of the legal standards which they have to adhere. Thus, educating future medical professionals with the fundamentals of law and ethics would ensure greater accountability, knowledge and personal commitment in providing medical services to the society as the ideals of professionalism not only require them to have the necessary expertise, dedication, respect, compassion, empathy, honesty, altruism, responsibility, integrity, self-improvement and accountability but also adherence to the demands of law and highest ethical standards.
Chemotherapy Related Optic Neuritis
Authors: AS Nur , CH Jemaima , Ismail Fuad , MK Safinaz
Published: November 2020

In children, most cases of optic neuritis are immune-related. Less frequently, it may also be due to demyelinating disorders. Other secondary causes such as infection of adjacent structures or infiltration are even rarer. The occurrence of optic neuritis in children on chemotherapy also has not being extensively reported. We report a case of bilateral optic neuritis in a young girl with subacute visual loss after receiving systemic chemotherapy for embryonal ovarian carcinoma.
Genetic Mutations and Their Clinical Implications in Older Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Xu Xiaohong , yuan Shushu , Xu Pengcheng , Cong Zhirong , Zhu Li , Jiang Qi , Zhou Ying , Shen Qian , Xu Xiaohong , Li Bingzong
Published: November 2020

Objective：A number of leukemia-associated and patient-specific factors are related to the prognosis in
older acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. In this study, we focus on the genetic mutations of older
patients with AML and their impact on the clinical and prognosis.
Methods: We retrospectively analysed the clinical, cytogenetic and laboratory data of 427 de novo non-M3
AML patients treated in our hospital from January 2000 to March 2014. We compared relevant mutations
in 21 genes between AML patients aged 60 years or older and those younger and exposed their prognostic
implications. Then clinical curative effect survival rate of patients in two groups was observed after
followed-up.
Results: Compared with the younger patients, the elderly had significantly higher incidences of PTPN11,
NPM1, RUNX1, ASXL1, TET2, DNMT3A and TP53 mutations but a lower frequency of WT1 mutations.
The older patients more frequently had one or more adverse genetic alterations. Multivariate analysis
showed that DNMT3A and TP53 mutations were independent poor prognostic factors among the elderly,
while NPM1 mutation in the absence of FLT3/ITD was an independent favorable prognostic factor.
Furthermore, the status of mutations could well stratify older patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetic
into three risk groups.
Conclusion: Older AML patients showed distinct genetic alterations from the younger group. Integration
of cytogenetic and molecular mutations can better risk-stratify older AML patients. Development of novel
therapies is needed to improve the outcome of older patients with poor prognosis under current treatment.
Processo de acompanhamento metodológico: avaliação da estratégia de formação continuada do SENAC-RJ
Authors: Silva Letícia Ester Cruz da , Leite Ligia Silva
Published: November 2020

Esta obra faz parte da Série Estudos Avaliativos Multidisciplinares, sob organização de Ligia Gomes Elliot, Lígia Silva Leite.
A base de dados bibliográficos do INIS: avaliação do uso por discentes da CNEN
Authors: Ferreira Sergio Negri , Orlando Filho Ovidio
Published: November 2020

Esta obra faz parte da Série Estudos Avaliativos Multidisciplinares, sob organização de Ligia Gomes Elliot, Lígia Silva Leite.
Environmental Movement Interventions in Tourism and Energy Development in the North Atlantic
Authors: Stoddart Mark C.J. , Mattoni Alice , Nezhadhossein Elahe
Published: November 2020

This article compares environmental movement engagement in energy and tourism development in Norway and Iceland by bridging the social movement societies (SMSoc) and the players and arenas perspectives. Results are based on field observation and interviews, as well as web-based textual analysis and a preliminary online survey. Results show that Norway is an institutionalized and multi-level social movement society with a mix of professionalized and grassroots local, national, and international organization. Iceland, by contrast, is a national and episodic social movement society where movement players operate at a national scale and engage in project-specific collaboration or opposition in tourism or energy development arenas. This analysis demonstrates the value of bridging the SMSoc and players and arenas perspectives for international comparative social movements research.
Policing the French Empire
Authors: Kalman Samuel
Published: November 2020

Commenting on the colonial setting in its twilight during the Algerian War of Independence, Frantz Fanon famously observed: “Le travail du colon est de rendre impossible jusqu’aux rêves de liberté du colonisé. Le travail du colonisé est d’imaginer toutes les combinaisons éventuelles pour anéantir le colon (the task of the colonizer is to make impossible even the dreams of liberty of the colonized. The task of the colonized is to conceive of every possible strategy to wipe out the colonizer).”
Księga Rodzaju. Przełożył i opracował Marek Piela (Kraków: Księgarnia Akademicka 2020)
Authors: Majewski Marcin
Published: November 2020

Book Review: Księga Rodzaju. Przełożył i opracował Marek Piela (Kraków: Księgarnia Akademicka 2020)
Jesus and the Woman of Samaria (John 4:7b–15). From the Heritage of Tradition to the Mystery of Faith
Authors: Kot Piotr
Published: November 2020

The dialogue between Jesus and the woman of Samaria, which is related in detail by the author of the fourth gospel, focuses on the sign of Jacob’s well and the living water in its first part (4:7b–15). The climax of this section combines the well, the gift of God and the identity of Jesus. By way of allusion, Jesus leads the woman to the recognition of His person’s mystery. If readers wish to comprehend the meaning of this conduct, they cannot limit themselves only to the biblical story of the patriarch Jacob. They must consider the Targum traditions. Only thus is it possible to understand how a woman of Samaria could recognize the mystery of Jesus, a Jew. Setting the story in the cultural context sheds light on the author’s intentions behind the inclusion of the narrative of 4:1–42 in Corpus Johanneum. This is important in relation to the land of Samaria which was then inhabited by people who varied in terms of ethnicity and religion. The woman whom Jesus met at Jacob’s well is described in such a way as to represent all Samaritans: descendants of proto-Samaritans and immigrant heathens. All of them were invited to draw from the source of salvation opened up by Jesus Christ.
Mathematics and Culture: Uniqueness and Universality of Mathematics
Authors: Yashin B. L.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the origin of mathematics and its nature, the degree of dependence of mathematics development on socio-cultural factors, and the dilemma of uniqueness (universality) and plurality (uniqueness) of mathematics. The essence of this “confrontation” is revealed, which consists in the fact that the supporters of uniqueness talk about “experienced” mathematics, which originates and is mastered in the everyday subject activity of a person, and their opponents promote modern “academic” mathematics. The legitimacy of both points of view is substantiated. It is argued that research in ethno-mathematics can be useful in solving the question of what mathematics is: “free mind creation” or the product of “social interactions”? The problem of the appropriateness of referring to the personal experience of students in mathematics which expresses the specificity of their social and cultural-historical practices is defined.
Foreign­ Language Environment of the University as a Resource for Development of Leading Universities of Russia (2014–2019 Monitoring Results)
Authors: Abakumova N. N. , Fakhrutdinova A. V.
Published: November 2020

The presented study updates the problem of assessing the development efficiency of the foreign language environment in the leading research universities of Russia. The necessity of forming the language environment for the universities participating in the “TOP 5–100” project is shown. The monitoring study of the level of formation of the foreign language environment in universities is conducted in 21 leading universities, starting from 2014. In the experimental work the results of the six-year monitoring study have been summarized, which allowed identifying and fixing the mechanisms of language environment improvement: the development and implementation of English language for Bachelor, Specialist and Master programs; active language practice, the creation of special structures in the university, etc. The active development of the English-speaking environment in the higher educational institutions is shown, which attracts foreign applicants, promotes the participation of the teaching staff and students in international professional communities and associations.
Cultural Displacement and Palliative Measures: An Exploration of Dramatic Literature
Authors: Kemi Megbowon Funmilola
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT One of the realities and experiences of contemporary African people is the continual cultural conflict and eventual displacement of their culture in the process of struggling to find a balance in getting the best of modern life or experience without losing the indigenous legacies. This study aims at examining symbolic representation of cultural conflict as well as exploring the possibility of coexistence of the culture of both the coloniser and the colonised using Soyinka’s Death and the King’s Horseman. The study concludes that in order to minimise conflicts the respect for other people’s culture is imperative. However, African people must put their culture first above any other conflicting culture, re-embrace the best Yoruba cultural heritage, and imbibe the best of Western culture to make the society a better place.
Child-sensitive Social Protection Mechanisms in Non-governmental Child and Youth Care Centres in the Eastern Cape
Authors: Oyelana Akeem Adewale
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The study investigates the child-sensitive social protection mechanisms in Non-Governmental Child and Youth Care Centres (NGCYCC). The objectives of the study were to examine the child sensitive social protection mechanisms in NGCYCC in Eastern Cape (EC) and to assess the efficiency of the well-being of children in the institutionalised centres. This paper used a qualitative research approach. Moreover, utilized various forms of academic articles, internet sources, dialogues, as well as critics and discusses child-sensitive social protection mechanisms in NGCYCC in EC. The findings indicate that parental mistreatment, substance misuse and domestic violence contribute more to influence the factors, which found children to be more vulnerable as well as the social welfare system. The study recommends a policy upgrade to add a criminality element for parents that are ignorant to protect their children. Many societies are at gang war and organised violence for survival.
Practices in performing lumbar puncture procedure in the Children Welfare Teaching Hospital / Baghdad
Authors: Saadi Nebal wael , Mohammed Dhulfiqar A. , Kareem Yousif W. , Jawad Abdullah K.
Published: November 2020

Background: Lumbar puncture is a procedure that is frequently performed in the pediatric practice.Objective: To review some (patient, provider and technique- related) characteristics of lumbar puncture performed at the Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, Baghdad / Iraq.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the period from April to September, 2017. A self-prepared questionnaire was used to collect the data. It included 32 items, which were divided into three sections: Residents doctors' information (3 items), patient's information (2 items) and procedure’s information (27 items).Results: The total number of performed procedures was 103, of which 51 (49.5%) were performed in the oncology ward. About half (50, 48.6%) of the patients were preschool-aged. Lumbar puncture was indicated for diagnostic purposes in 52(50.5%) cases. Nearly two thirds (67, 65.9%) of the procedures was performed by senior residents (3rd/4th Board residents). A written consent was obtained in only one case, the couch sheet were not renewed in 92 (93.9%) cases, a drape were not used in 92 (93.9%) cases, sitting upright position was assumed in 90 (91.8%) cases, gloves were worn by the doctor in all cases, anesthesia was used in 47 (48%) cases, antiseptics were used in 97 (99%) cases ,one holder was noted in 93 (94.8%) cases ,SpinocanQuincke and 22 Gage needle type was used in 98 (100%) cases, one entry attempt per procedure was reported in 79 (80.6%) cases and no documentation in the patients’ notes was reported in any of the procedures.Conclusion: Lumbar puncture load was found in the oncology ward both for the patients and the residents. Safety was considered but was suboptimal in all wards.
Clinical presentation of Long QT Syndrome in a case series study in Iraq
Authors: AL-HAMDI AMAR Talib
Published: November 2020

Background: Long QT syndrome is an important cause of arrhythmic death, and it is characterized by electrocardiographic changes and a prolonged QT interval. Patients may present with sudden cardiac death, recurrent syncope, and palpitation.Objective: Clinical orientation for the Long QT syndrome and minimizing its misdiagnosis to achieve high diagnostic index.Patients and Methods: Patients presenting with ventricular arrhythmias, syncope, dizzy spells, and prolonged, non-drug-induced QT interval from 2004 uptil 2019 at Al Nasirya Heart Center , Al Sulaimanya Heart Hospital, and Al Nahrain Teaching Hospital were enrolled in this study. All aptients studied clinically and followed up. Management included beta blocker drug therapy and ICD implantation.Results: Forty-two patients were included within 15 years, comprising 22 pediatric and 20 adult patients (26 males, 16 females). Ventricular fibrillation reported in 18 patients and ventricular tachycardia in five patients. Thirty-eight patients received beta blockers, and 85% showed marked reduction in ventricular arrhythmia events. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) was implanted in 34 patients.The diagnosis of Long QT syndrome was missed in 85% of cases during the provisional medical contacts .Conclusion: In this case series study patients with LQTS presented with syncope, recurrent dizzy spells or palpitation. The diagnosis requires high index of diagnostic suspicion.This case study is intended to orient physicians to diagnosis this fatal problem.
Identification and Discrimination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex with Traditional and Real-Time PCR in Different Specimens in Iraq
Authors: Ali Shaymaa Mahmood , Al-Faham Mohammad A. , Mankhi Ahmed A.
Published: November 2020

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health issue and a main cause of global morbidity and mortality. TB is the world's ninth leading cause of death despite the numerous treatment strategies for managing the disease.Objective: To assess the traditional method (direct smear examination and culture) against real-time PCR as pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis laboratory diagnostic techniques.Cases and methods: Samples were collected from (612) TB cases, (409) of whom were pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and (203) were extrapolmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). The cases were seeking care at the Specialized Chest and Respiratory Disease Center/ National Reference Laboratory for Tuberculosis (NRL) in Baghdad, during the period 1st of May -1st of October 2019. Direct smear examination, Lowenstein-Jensen culture and Real Time PCR were used to diagnose TB.Results: Out of 612 samples received, 82(13.4%) were positive by smear microscopy, while 90(14.7%) were able to grow on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media. Ninety DNA extracts from the samples which were positive on LJ media and 25 control specimens, were diagnosed with molecular analysis by using real time PCR to determine the species of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The results revealed that the 71 samples (78.9%) were M. tuberculosis, three specimens (3.3%) were combined M. bovis and M. tuberculosis, and one M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M. bovis BCG, while15 (16.7%) were negative and subsequently excluded from study.Conclusion: The comparison between molecular diagnostic methods by using Real time PCR with conventional diagnostic methods, provides a new promising technique and is potentially a practical and rapid alternative to the slower traditional pulmonary and EPTB diagnostic culture. The results show M. bovis overall contribution on human TB in comparison to M. tuberculosis is minor among PTB and EPTB cases in the sample studied.