bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new diagnostic approach in Alzheimer's disease: The critical flicker fusion threshold
Authors: Abiyev Azar , Yakaryılmaz Funda Datlı , Öztürk Zeynel Abidin
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Although AD treatment is still insufficient despite all the recent developments, detection and treatment in the early stage of disease have provided more clinical benefits. Objective: In this study, we aimed to use the critical flicker fusion (CFF) threshold test to diagnose AD in the early stage. Methods: In this study, 120 patients (above 65 years of age) and 50 control groups who were admitted to geriatrics outpatient clinic and diagnosed in early- and middle-stage AD were included. The remaining 58 patients and 25 healthy volunteers underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment and CFF testing. Results: The mean CFF value of AD group was significantly lower than the control group (36.44±7.00 vs. 44.24±3.82, p<0.001, respectively). There was a significant difference in standardized mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score in both groups (18.05±5.25 vs. 25.96±2.85, p<0.001, respectively). There was also a positive correlation between CFF value and MMSE score (p<0.001, r=0.459). Thirty-four patients were in the early-stage AD group and 24 patients were in the middle-stage AD group. There was a significant difference in CFF values between the three groups when we compared the patients in early- and middle-stage AD and control groups (p<0.001). The mean CFF values in patients with early- and middle-stage AD were 37.93±7.33 and 34.97±7.43, respectively. The mean age, gender, education level, and the number of drugs used did not show a statistically significant difference in both groups (p>0.05). The cutoff value for the CFF variable was determined as 39 Hz [p<0.001; area under the curve (AUC)=0.852; sensitivity=70.69% (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 57.3–81.9); specificity=92.00% (95%CI 74.00–99.00)]. Conclusions: There is a significant difference in mean CFF values between AD and healthy groups. CFF testing may play an important role in diagnosing AD in the early stage.
Synchronous psychological interventions by videoconferencing for caregivers of people with dementia: an integrative review
Authors: Ayoub Maryam Furlan , Souza Yara Luana Pereira de , Almeida Thiago de , Falcão Deusivania Vieira da Silva
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT. The COVID-19 pandemic has created the need to develop psychological interventions to support people with dementia and their caregivers in the context of social distancing. This study sought to investigate, systematize, and report results of scientific studies published in the past 5 years on synchronous online psychological interventions using videoconferencing for informal caregivers of people with dementia. The PubMed, BIREME, and Web of Science databases were searched using the descriptors “caregiver,” “dementia,” “online,” and “intervention.” Six international studies were included in the review. Results demonstrated, in general, that this modality of intervention was acceptable, feasible, and promoted benefits for the health, quality of life, and well-being of caregivers. A need was identified for further studies investigating synchronous online interventions that include follow-up and a control group to further the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of this type of therapeutic intervention.
Introduction of Induction Heating is too late for older residents with difficulty in handling fire
Authors: Kato Yuriko , Oonuma Jiro , Suzuki Mayumi , Meguro Kenichi
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT. Handling errors with household flammables, for example pan burning, may result in serious accidents, which may be caused by decreased attention or executive function. Objective: The manuals by several cities simply suggest the use of induction heating (IH) cookers. However, it requires complicated operation of buttons. Furthermore, no previous studies have examined the difficulty of IH operation in older adults. Methods: We examined 166 residents aged 75+ years in Wakuya, consisting 66 Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) 0 (healthy), 79 CDR 0.5 (very mild dementia), and 21 CDR 1+ (dementia) participants. Based on fire accident, they were classified into “high-risk,” “low-risk,” and “safety” groups. They were asked to actually use an IH as an examination. The participants who passed all procedures were classified as “good users,” and the remaining who failed were classified as “poor users.” Their overall cognitive and executive functions were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Trail Making Test A and Digit Symbol (DS), respectively. Results: The proportions of “good users” in the CDR 0, CDR 0.5, and CDR 1+ groups were 7 (10.6%), 6 (7.3%), and 0 (0%), respectively. For the CDR 0 and CDR 0.5 group, the good users had higher scores on the MMSE and DS than do the poor users. Conclusions: The introduction of IH is too late for “high-risk group.” Since the IH cooker requires complicated operation of buttons, they may be difficult for older residents to handle. Executive function may be examined for early detection of handling errors with household flammables.
Estigma hacia personas con enfermedad mental en estudiantes y profesores de terapia ocupacional,
Authors: Gajardo Jean , Espinosa Francisca , Goycolea Rodrigo , Oyarzún Mónica , Muñoz Irene , Valdebenito Ana , Pezoa Carolina
Published: April 2022

Resumen Introducción Las personas con enfermedad mental experimentan actitudes estigmatizadoras desde la población general, incluyendo profesionales y estudiantes de la salud. Estudios internacionales han estimado el estigma en estudiantes de terapia ocupacional hacia personas con enfermedad mental como moderado. Objetivo Describir el estigma hacia personas con enfermedad mental en estudiantes y profesores de terapia ocupacional en una universidad chilena. Método Estudio descriptivo transversal con docentes y estudiantes en 1er y 4° año de terapia ocupacional en una universidad en Santiago de Chile, año 2020. Se aplicó formato online de cuestionario Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC), versión adaptada a Chile, y formulario de datos sociodemográficos. Se calculó puntajes promedio para cuestionario de 20 ítems y ajustado a tres dimensiones con 15 ítems. Se usó pruebas de UMann-Whitney y t student para diferencias entre grupos. Los datos sociodemográficos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados Muestra de 87 personas, edad promedio 27 años (18-58), 81 (93%) mujeres, 41 (47%) estudiantes de 4to año, 28 (24%) estudiantes de 1er año, y 22 (25%) docentes. Puntaje promedio OMS-HC para muestra total fue 42,2 puntos (28-57), indicando nivel moderado-bajo de actitudes estigmatizadoras. Estudiantes de 1er año obtuvieron mayores puntajes, pero diferencias no fueron significativas. Conclusión Los resultados son consistentes con literatura previa refiriendo nivel moderado-bajo de actitudes estigmatizadoras hacia personas con enfermedades mentales. Las diferencias incipientes entre estudiantes de 1er y 4to año hacen pertinentes nuevos estudios con mayor tamaño muestral y en otros contextos.
Algo a ensinar e a aprender: o sofrimento psíquico e a saúde mental de educadores no Alto Oeste Potiguar
Authors: Chaves Francisco Gilmar da Silva , Souza Bertulino José , Miranda Lucas Vialli Batista
Published: April 2022

Resumo Este artigo, originado do projeto de pesquisa Nascido nas sombras: percepção da comunidade acadêmica de Pau dos Ferros sobre sofrimento psíquico e saúde mental, analisou a condição da saúde de docentes em instituições de ensino do município de Pau dos Ferros, Rio Grande do Norte, tendo como objetivo identificar a existência de danos e fatores de impacto na saúde dos profissionais. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa e realizada entre 21 de fevereiro de 2019 e 21 de março de 2019 na Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), no Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN) e na Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), indagou, a partir de um questionário semiestruturado, 34 docentes por amostragem estratificada proporcional. A análise de conteúdo foi a estratégia utilizada para decodificar as falas e os resultados apontaram para uma estimativa de cerca de 60% do público-alvo, ou seja, 20 dos 34 respondentes deram indicativos de sofrimento psíquico, cargas excessivas e condições inadequadas de trabalho, estresse constante, forte pressão social, ausência de momentos de lazer, dentre outros. Considera-se que o conjunto de fatores que determinaram um índice tão elevado representam um sério alerta para a saúde desses profissionais e a necessidade de políticas de saúde que atendam a esse segmento.
Managing the dam breach modelling and mapping of reservoirs in Wales
Authors: Bullen Emma
Published: April 2022

The Welsh Government enacted an amendment to the Reservoirs Act 1975 reducing the qualifying capacity of large raised reservoirs to 10 000 m3 from 25 000 m3. This led to an increase in the number of reservoirs falling within the Reservoirs Act in Wales. In 2019, Natural Resources Wales (NRW) appointed Arcadis to undertake the production of a suite of reservoir inundation maps for over 160 reservoirs across Wales using the Environment Agency's Reservoir Flood Mapping specification. Following production of these maps advice on the risk designation was provided. Throughout the project several Arcadis teams collaborated to produce project-specific documentation, develop tools for automation, run hydraulic models and produce the mapping, in line with the specification requirements. On request by NRW, modelling of the cascades was modified, allowing cascade reservoirs to breach due to a fluvial scenario. Following this modification, it became apparent that some cascade reservoirs were being incorrectly triggered. Therefore, further changes to how cascade reservoirs were modelled were made to ensure they were triggered correctly.
Recent developments in the Italian technical rules for dams and barrages
Authors: Barpi Fabrizio , Pascucci Valter , Ricciardi Carlo , Salandin Paolo , Scarpelli Giuseppe
Published: April 2022

The paper describes the Italian technical regulations for dams and barrages issued in 2014 by the Minister of Infrastructure and Transport, where substantial changes in the existing rules are introduced by suggesting a design approach based on the semi-probabilistic method at limit states. The paper highlights the most innovative aspects as well as the critical issues, suggests some improvements and underlines the need for further updating of the legislation.
Att kontextualisera som student
Authors: Holmberg Linn
Published: April 2022

Understanding the actions, world views, and conventions of past societies is not always an easy task. Many things may seem strange or outright appalling from a twenty-first century perspective. Historical disciplines typically strive to understand the past “on its own terms”, by means of contextualization. But how is the art of contextualizing taught and learned? Is there a manual for how to begin, proceed, and advance? In short, is there an ABC of contextualizing? In this chapter, these questions are explored using the undergraduate course in History of Ideas as an example. The chapter reflects on how students can learn the difference between analyzing, synthetizing, criticizing, and contextualizing. It also describes what kinds of historical contextualization students typically are introduced to, and why. Finally, it examines how listening to lectures, reading literature, discussing at seminars, and writing examinations can be seen as crucial steps in learning how to contextualize.
Behaviour of electric drive of roller-bit drilling rig swivel head with fuzzy control
Authors: Kuznetsov N. M. , Morozov I. N.
Published: April 2022

The efﬁcient consumption of electric power in mining is an important task in power consumption optimization. The use of high-performance drilling rigs requires special attention to the development of energy-saving electric drive for open-cut mining operations. The increase of the efﬁciency factor and energy performance of a drilling rig is achieved through controlling the electric drive which allows the speciﬁc resonance frequency and limiting the current and velocity amplitudes to be regulated. The main idea of the study lies in the application of fuzzy controllers in the systems of automatic control of processes and equipment modes in mining production. The use of fuzzy controllers is aimed at improving the characteristics of PI and PID controllers. The calculations and simulation of transients based on simulation models in the MatLab 7.11 Simulink software package allowed reliable analysis of modes of a swivel head electric drive operation to be carried out. In the course of simulating the transients of swivel head velocity varying with the use of a fuzzy controller, fuzzy variables including mismatch of rotation velocity, mismatch change speed, velocity setting voltage were justiﬁed. The analysis allowed for the term-sets of fuzzy variables and the membership functions for each term-set of fuzzy variable to be deﬁned. The simulation results showed that the control time (response) of transients of the swivel head motor torque and current change when using the swivel head velocity control by a fuzzy controller with increasing load depending on the rock hardness decreased by a factor of 2. Implementation of a system of automatic control of swivel head velocity with the application of a fuzzy controller allows drilling rig vibration to be reduced and provided effective protection of the swivel head electric (motor) drive from overload, thus increasing reliability of the equipment, and increasing drilling productivity.
Capsanthin-Loaded Micelles: Preparation, Characterization and in vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity Using MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Shanmugham Velmurugan , Subban Ravi
Published: April 2022

Research background. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. In developed countries, breast cancer as a multifactorial disease is a major health concern, and its incidence is constantly rising in low and middle-income countries. Numerous studies have demonstrated that phytochemicals such as carotenoids inhibit breast cancer growth and induce apoptosis. We recently enhanced the solubility of capsanthin in water by encapsulating it in diosgenin polyethylene glycol succinate, a novel non-ionic surfactant. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity of water-soluble capsanthin-loaded micelles in MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro through tetrazolium dye MTT assay.
Experimental approach. In the current study, capsanthin, a hydrophobic carotenoid, is extracted from sweet red pepper (Capsicum annuum). Capsanthin-loaded diosgenin polyethylene glycol succinate 1000 (cap-DPGS-1000) micelles were prepared from capsanthin extract (cap) and diosgenin polyethylene glycol succinate 1000 (DPGS-1000) using the solid dispersion method. The capsanthin extract and cap-DPGS-1000 micelles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size distribution, polydispersity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of capsanthin extract and cap-DPGS-1000 micelles on a human triple-negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) were tested to check the cell viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity of the micelles.
Results and conclusions. The solubility of encapsulated cap-DPGS-1000 micelles in water is greatly enhanced and leads to an increased scope for localized drug delivery, a better delivery option for treating residual cancerous tumours. The encapsulated capsanthin showed a sustained release in simulated intestinal fluid (pH=6.8). Our research proposes a sustained drug delivery system that ensures effective and controlled release to the affected site. The characterization data revealed no change in the structure and functional groups in the encapsulated capsanthin. The IC50 value of the cap-DPGS-1000 micelles against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was (3.10±1.09) μg/mL, which is much lower than of capsanthin extract ((81.1±1.5) μg/mL). Capsanthin extract and capsanthin-loaded micelles are promising drug candidates to induce apoptosis and increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells.
Novelty and scientific contribution. The result shows the cytotoxic effect of capsanthin and capsanthin-loaded micelles on MDA-MB-231 cell line for the first time. Capsanthin from sweet red pepper (Capsicum annuum) showed remarkable cytotoxic effect on the triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cell line.
Hâtim et-Tâî’nin Şiirlerinde Talebî İnşâ
Authors: Tekin Ahmet
Published: April 2022

Arap belâgatının iki ana esasından biri olan inşâ, talebî ve gayr-i talebî olmak üzere iki kısma ayrılmaktadır. Talebî inşâ, emir, nehiy, istifham, nidâ ve temennî kısımlarına ayrılmaktadır. Bu olguların her biri asıl manasında kullanıldığı gibi bazı belagî amaçlardan dolayı asıl manası dışında da kullanılmıştır. Talebî inşâ Arap diline ilgi duyanlar tarafından şimdiye kadar genellikle nazari boyutuyla ele alınmış veya sınırlı birkaç örnekle yetinilmiştir. Dolayısıyla şiirin uygulama alanı olduğu talebî inşâ çalışmaları azdır. Câhiliye döneminin ünlü şairlerinden biri olan Hâtim et-Tâî’nin (ö. 578?) şiirlerinin şimdiye kadar talebî inşâ açısından değerlendirilmemiş olması bizi böyle bir çalışmaya sevk etmiştir. Bu araştırmada Hâtim et-Tâî’nin şiirleri talebî inşâ açısından incelenmiş ve talebî inşânın uygulamalı bir örneği ortaya konulmaya gayret edilmiştir. Hâtim et-Tâî’nin, muhtevası Allah’a iman, cömertlik, cesaret, bağışlayıcılık, iffet, dürüstlük, sadakat, alçakgönüllülük, şerefini korumak, esiri salıvermek, açları doyurmak, çıplakları giydirmek, misafire ikramda bulunmak, yemek yedirmek, herkese selam vermek ve hiçbir isteği geri çevirmemek gibi meziyetlerden oluşan şiirlerinde bu üslubu büyük bir ustalıkla kullandığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın neticesinde talebî inşânın hangi kısımlarının Hâtim’in şiirlerinde yer aldığı ve bu kısımlardan hangilerinin asıl manalarında veya temel manalarının dışında kullanıldığı ve kendi manasının dışında kullanılırken elde edilen anlamın siyaktan mı yoksa üslubun kendisinden mi elde edildiği ile ilgili zihinlerde yer alan sorular yanıtını bulmuştur. Buna ilaveten Hâtim’in kimliği, şiirleri, şiirlerinde savunduğu değerler ve şiirlerinde yer alan talebî inşâ örnekleri hakkında verilen malumat da söz konusu sorulara cevap olacaktır.
Çalışmamızın giriş kısmında belâgat ilminin alt disiplinlerine kısaca değinilmiş ve Hâtim et-Tâî ve divânı hakkında özet bir bilgi verilmiştir. Sonrasında me’ânî ilminin iki ana başlığından biri olan inşâ konusuna yer verilmiş ve Hâtim et-Tâî’nin şiirleri talebî inşânın kısımlarını oluşturan emir, nehiy, istifham, nidâ ve temennî üslupları açısından incelenmiştir. Çalışmamızın sonuç kısmında ise araştırmada varılan sonuçlara yer verilmiştir.
The simultaneous synthesis of carbon dots and carbon spheres with tunable sizes using a vertical chemical vapour deposition method
Authors: Mokoloko L , Forbes R , Coville N
Published: April 2022

Herein we report on the direct synthesis of solid hydrophobic carbon dots (CDs) and simultaneously carbon spheres (CSs), using a vertical chemical vapour deposition (CVD) reactor. The HRTEM data indicated that the CDs and CSs originated from different carbon building blocks indicated that the CDs and CSs originated from different carbon building blocks. The CDs were obtained by reacting acetylene (C2H2) and Ar mixtures at high flow rates (>500 sccm) and high temperatures (800-1000 °C). TEM studies indicated that the CDs produced were graphene-like quantum dots that increased in size from c. 3 nm to 8 nm as the Ar flow rate (constant C2H2 flow rate) was decreased, while small solid CSs (c. 100 nm) were also synthesised in the process. The CSs had a typical spherical layered structure with no graphitic core. A mechanism to rationalise the observation that the CDs and CSs grew simultaneously by different pathways with no formation of intermediate-sized particles is given.
Математическое описание и исследование силовых взаимодействий в упругих механизмах многозвенного манипулятора
Authors: Пятибратов Г.Я. , Алтунян Л.Л. , Бекин А.Б. , Богданов Д.Ю. , Киво А.М. , Сухенко Н.А.
Published: April 2022

Приведена математическая модель шарнирно-балансирного манипулятора типа ШБМ-150М, необходимая для решения задач анализа и синтеза управляющих устройств. Модель позволяет исследовать движение исполнительных механизмов и перемещаемого объекта с учётом упругих силовых взаимодействий при изменении параметров механической части и массы перемещения груза. Показано, что при получении математического описания допускается не учитывать влияние продольных деформаций элементов манипулятора и рассматривать колебательные процессы в механической части только с учётом изгиба плеча и руки манипулятора. Приведены диапазоны изменения значений моментов инерции плеча и руки манипулятора при изменении их положения в пространстве.
Исследование частотного пуска двухдвигательного электропривода скребкового конвейера методом математического моделирования
Authors: Бабокин Г.И. , Шпрехер Д.М. , Колесников Е.Б. , Овсянников Д.С.
Published: April 2022

Представлена имитационная математическая модель электропривода скребкового контейнера (СК), позволяющая исследовать процессы частотного пуска и оценивать влияние интенсивности изменения частоты на выходе преобразователя частоты на максимальные значения пускового тока и усилия в тяговом органе (ТО) при разной загрузке конвейера. Получены зависимости величины пускового тока, времени пуска СК и максимальных усилий в ТО в зависимости от темпа пуска и загрузки конвейера. Разработан алгоритм частотного пуска СК, обеспечивающий снижение динамических нагрузок в электроприводе конвейера. Модельный эксперимент показал, что с целью снижения пусковых токов и ограничения усилий в ТО до безопасных величин при одновременном сохранении производительности конвейера необходимо варьировать интенсивность изменения частоты на выходе преобразователя частоты при пуске конвейера в функции от загрузки.
Ortaöğretimde Uzaktan Eğitim Aracı Olarak EBA ve EBA TV Kullanımına İlişkin Öğrenci, Öğretmen ve Veli Görüşleri
Authors: AKKAŞ BAYSAL Emine , OCAK Gürbüz , ERGUN Mustafa , YURTSEVEN Ramazan
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmada, EBA ile TRT EBA TV uzaktan eğitim uygulaması hakkında ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin, ortaöğretimde görev yapan öğretmenlerin ve velilerin görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik bir çalışma olarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi ile belirlenen çeşitli kademelerdeki 12 lise öğrencisi, 12 veli ve farklı branşlarda görev yapan 12 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde, betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular, ortaöğretim düzeyinde EBA ve TRT EBA TV ile yürütülen uzaktan eğitim sürecinin organizasyon, içerik, öğretmen, materyal türü ve zamanlama gibi konularda birtakım olumlu özelliklerinin yanı sıra işleyişte aksaklıkların yaşanmasına neden olan ve geliştirilmesi gereken olumsuz yönlerinin de olduğunu göstermektedir. Salgın sonrasında da ortaöğretim düzeyinde sürdürülebilir ve nitelikli bir uzaktan eğitim sistemi temellendirmek için, bu olumsuz yönlerin dikkate alınarak geliştirilmesinin sürece katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Covid-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Ortaokula Devam Eden ve Covıd-19 Geçiren Çocukların Duygu ve Düşünceleri
Authors: DENİZ Mehmet Engin , YILDIRIM KURTULUŞ Hacer , UZUN Gülgün
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde ortaokula devam eden ve COVID-19 geçiren çocukların duygu ve düşüncelerine yer verilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, çocuklara yedi soru sorulmuş ve alınan cevaplar nitel araştırma modeline uygun olarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 10 çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmaya katılan çocukların beşi erkek (%50), beşi kızdır (%50). Bununla birlikte araştırmaya katılan çocukların yaşları 10-11 yaş aralığındadır. Bu araştırmada, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Veri analizi gerçekleştirilirken Maxqda 2020 analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, COVID-19 salgını sürecinde karantinada olan çocuklar kızgınlık ve üzüntü gibi olumsuz duyguları yoğunlukla hissettiklerini, koronavirüsü en fazla gribe ve kötü adamlara benzettikleri, karantinada kaldıkları sürede en fazla dersleri, teknolojik aletler ile, oyun oynayarak ve odada tek başına sıkılarak vakit geçirdikleri, özgürlüklerinin kısıtlanmasından rahatsız oldukları, evde sıkıldıkları; aile, akraba ve arkadaş gibi yakın çevreleriyle birlikte dışarıda olmayı, özgürce oyun oynamayı ve sarılmayı çok özledikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, alanyazındaki çalışmalar incelenerek desteklenmiştir
Classical and intelligent approaches for VLSI static timing analysis: an overview
Authors:   Institute for Design Problems in Microelectronic of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vasilyev Nikolay O. , Zapletina Mariya A. ,   Institute for Design Problems in Microelectronic of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanova Galina A. ,   Institute for Design Problems in Microelectronic of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

The paper systematizes the modern scientific and technical experience of VLSI timing analysis. It provides a comparative overview of some existing classical and intelligent methods of static timing analysis, as well as identifies actual tasks and directions for future investigation. The special attention is paid to the intelligent methods for reducing the pessimism of the integrated circuits’ static timing analysis results. In particular, an elimination of the false paths and the technological and operational parameters variations are considered. According to recent publications (issued in 2013-2021), various types of neural networks and regression analysis tools are often used to build intelligent methods for estimating the timing characteristics of integrated circuits. In a number of works aimed at reducing the pessimism of classical static timing analysis, the advantage of ensemble methods is argued. It is noted that methods of this type demonstrate more accurate results compared to single methods in conditions of insufficient training data.
Optical Metamaterial with Near-Zero Random Refractive Index
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Gadomsky Oleg N. , Ushakov Nickolay M. ,   Kotelnikov IRE of RAS, Saratov branch, Gadomskaya Irina V. ,   Ulyanovsk State University, Musich Dmitrii O. ,   Ulyanovsk State University
Published: April 2022

A relation is obtained for the complex refractive index of an optical metamaterial, taking into account the structural factor that determines the discrete distribution of inclusions in the composite. It is shown that a small random change in the structure factor leads to a significant decrease in the refractive index of the metamaterial in a wide range of visible and IR wavelengths. The obtained theoretical results are confirmed by experiment on the example of a synthesized metamaterial from a polymer matrix with silver nanoparticles.
Noise signal detection by horizontal antenna in ocean waveguide
Authors:   Prokhorov Institute of General Physics of RAS, Kuz'kin Venedikt M. , Pereselkov Sergey A. ,   Voronezh State University, Matvienko Yury V. ,   Institute for Marine Technology Problems, Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Tkachenko Sergey A. ,   Voronezh State University, Prosovetskii Dmitry Yu. ,   Voronezh State University
Published: April 2022

Interferometric processing of hydroacoustic information by using a horizontal linear antenna is described. The detection of a noise source signal is considered by using the Neumann-Pearson criterion. The expressions for the probability of correct detection and false alarm are obtained as dependence on the signal/noise (s/n) ratio and the number of antenna elements. Numerical calculations are performed. The curves of the probability of noise signal detection are given. The efficiency of signal detection by using an antenna in relation to a single receiver is estimated.
Features of the Subjective Assessment of Intrafamilial Relationships in Patients with Psoriasis
Authors: Korabelnik P.Y. , Karpova E.B.
Published: April 2022

Psoriasis is a common polyetiological disease that affects significant elements of the patient's personality relationship system, including his intrafamily relationships. The hypothesis was tested about the negative impact of subjective experiences associated with psoriatic disease on the perception of the family environment. The influence of several factors (gender, duration and severity of the disease) on the subjective assessment of patients with psoriasis of their family environment was analyzed. In total, 99 individuals took part in the study: 66 subjects suffering from various forms of psoriasis (30 men and 36 women; age: 38±17.68 y.o., disease duration: 13±7.78 years). 40 subjects had an average severity of the disease according to the PASI index. Comparison group consisted of 33 patients (15 men and 18 women; age: 41±14.56 y.o.) with pathology of the musculoskeletal system (disease duration: 12±9.38 years). The following methods were used: semi-structured interview, Family Environment Scale adapted by S.Yu. Kupriyanov (1985), Uncompleted sentences (Joseph M. Sacks, 1950). The subjective experience of psoriatic disease does not have a strong negative impact on the perception of the family environment. At the same time, the influence of gender and duration of the disease on the subjective assessment of their family microclimate by patients with psoriasis was noted. There is a peculiarity of the family environment of patients with psoriasis in comparison with patients with pathology of the musculoskeletal system: patients with psoriasis more often note that in their families it is allowed to openly act and express their feelings, and independence in decision-making is encouraged; the family microclimate of patients with psoriasis is less characterized by the hierarchy of family organization, the rigidity of family rules, and control by family members of each other. These studies can help improve the effectiveness of psychological work with psoriatic patients.
Identity of Patients with Reflux Disease in Connection with Aggression
Authors: Kravtsova N.A. , Kinyaykina E.V. , Trukhan V.V.
Published: April 2022

The study tested the hypothesis of difference of personality identity in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and healthy individuals and of association of difference with manifestations of aggressiveness. The sample of 75 subjects includes an experimental group of 45 patients, aged 21 to 38 years old (M=27.85, SD=3.21), with an established diagnosis of GERD, 66.7% men and 33.3% women. Control group of 30 normal individuals aged 21 to 32 years (М=26.90, SD=3.87), who do not have a history of GERD, 66.0% men and 40.0% women. The methodological complex includes: Method for the Study of Personal Identity Schneider (MILES); Questionnaire for Objective Measurement of Status Ego-Identity (adaption by Gavrilova, Glushak); ISTA (Tupitsyn et al.); the method “Types of aggressiveness” (Pochebut); Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory. The diffuse identity was revealed in 48.9% of patient group, the "moratorium" identity status was revealed in 20.0%, while achieved positive identity, premature identity, and pseudo-positive identity were found in 17.7%, 6.7%, and 6.7% of patients, accordingly. The "moratorium" identity status was revealed in 30.0% of normal group, while achieved positive identity, "moratorium" identity, and pseudo-positive identity were found in 26.6%, 23.3%, and 16.7% of patients, accordingly. Also, in GERD patients following connections with different aggression indicators were revealed depending on the identity status: the status of the adopted identity is directly related to the object aggression; the status of
a moratorium related with the deficit aggression, the status of achieved identity related with the indirect aggression and guilt. Personal identity indicator corresponds to the status of accepted and diffuse identity. It was revealed that the lower state of personal identity indicator connected to the higher state of the irritation and hostility in patients. The control group did not reveal significant links between the indicators of identity and indicators of aggression.
Possible Interventions to the Emotional and Personality Domains of Children and Adolescents with Osteogenesis Imperfecta in the Course of a Social and Psychological Rehabilitation Program
Authors: Kurtanova Y.E. , Meshcheryakova E.A. , Kharitonov A.B. , Brilliantova A.A.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the features of the emotional and personal domains of children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta. The effectiveness of the use of
a socio-psychological rehabilitation program in the several following areas was also studies. Reducing the severity of aggressiveness and anxiety, developing of a sociability, changing of a self-esteem and the attitude to one's disease, the development of new significant children and adolescents needs with osteogenesis imperfecta. The study involved 58 children and adolescents aged 9–19 years (13.2±2.39 years) with osteogenesis imperfecta, including 36 girls and 22 boys. The control group consisted of 25 children and adolescents aged 9–19 years (13.8±3.12 years) without chronic somatic diseases, including 13 girls and 12 boys. The study was based on the following methods: M. Kuhn’s test “Who am I” (modified by T.V. Rumyantseva, 2006), the “Non-existent animal” method
(M.Z. Dukarevich, 1990), an abbreviated version of the “Incomplete sentences” method (V.E. Kagan and I.K. Shats, 2003) and the technique of "Tsvetik-Semitsvetik"
(I.M. Vitkovskaya, 2010). The features of the emotional and personal domains of children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta were revealed in comparison with their healthy peers, consisting in a negative assessment of their physical self, the predominance of fear of aggression and a reduced subjective significance of their moral needs. It was noted that the indicator of an adequate idea of their disease increases, negative emotional experiences regarding their disease intensify, and the motivation for recovery increases. This phenomenon interacts with age in children and adolescents with imperfect osteogenesis. The study also partially proved the effectiveness of the proposed rehabilitation program, as a result of which children and adolescents with osteogenesis imperfecta showed positive dynamics in expanding the main parameters of identity, increased self-esteem of their physical self and sociability, and also decreased indicators of verbal aggression and anxiety. The priority of biological and communicative needs has decreased, the needs for personal changes and material needs have come to the fore. As
a result of the rehabilitation program in children and adolescents with imperfect osteogenesis, self-reported indicators of fixation on pain decreased; the number of children openly showing emotional experiences regarding the disease has increased.
Subjective Age of Women with Breast Cancer in the System of Psychological Factors
Authors: Sergienko E.A. , Tsiring D.A. , Pakhomova Y.N. , Ponomareva I.V.
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes the subjective age and its relationship with other psychological factors in women with breast cancer. The study involved 125 women aged 31 to 80 years (M=55.71; SD=11.86) diagnosed with breast cancer (stage I of the disease — 48 women; stage II — 41 women; stage III — 10 women), under the supervision of an oncologist up to 6 months from the moment of diagnosis. In addition to socio-demographic data, subjective age was studied (B. Barak questionnaire adapted by E.A. Sergienko, 2011), subjective health assessments
(SF-36 questionnaire, J. Ware et. al. in the adaptation of K.G. Gurevich, E.G. Fabricant, 2008); methods of coping behavior (R. Lazarus questionnaire, S. Folkman in the adaptation of
T.L. Kryukova, 2004), basic beliefs (R. Janoff-Bulman scale of the same name, adaptation by M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikova, 2012) and the severity of personal helplessness (D.A. Tsiring questionnaire of personal helplessness, A.V. Stepanenko, 2018). Three subgroups were identified according to estimates of subjective age: those who feel younger than their passport age, adequately and older. The results of the study showed that the subjective age among women with breast cancer makes it possible to differentiate subjective assessments of their own health, ability to cope with behavior, changes in basic beliefs and signs of personal helplessness formed in a severe traumatic situation of the disease. Among respondents of different ages (31–80 years old), there are significant differences in the patterns of the system of psychological resources. This means that in addition to the general psychological factors of breast cancer (depression, anxiety, distress), there are individual variants of mental organization associated with the assessment of age identity, which modifies the actualization and evaluation of their own psychological resources.
In the memory of Vladimir Anatolyevich Uryvaev (11.02.1954–20.03.2022)
Authors: Zvereva N.V.
Published: April 2022

National clinical psychology suffers a great bereavement with the sudden death of Vladimir Anatolievich Uryvaev at the age of 68 on March 20, 2022. Vladimir Uryvaev was the chief editor of the online scientific journal “Clinical (medical) psychology in Russia”, the head of the Editorial and Publishing Division of the Online Scientific Editions of the Department of Research and Innovations of the Yaroslavl State Medical University (YSMU) and associate professor of YSMU. The YMSU Rector’s office and the editorial of the “Clinical (medical) Psychology in Russia" convey this message with regret.
Тезаурусный подход Вал. А. и Вл. А. Луковых и новый проект исследования современной тувинской этнической культуры
Authors: Ламажаа Чимиза Кудер-ооловна , Бичелдей Ульяна Павловна , Монгуш Айлаана Витальевна , Сувандии Надежда Дарыевна , Майны Шенне Борисовна , Кужугет Шенне Юрьевна
Published: April 2022

В основе статьи лежит текст доклада на IV Академических чтениях памяти Валерия и Владимира Андреевичей Луковых, которые состоялись в Московском гуманитарном университете 27–28 мая 2021 г. Авторы представляют новый исследовательский проект, который развивает традиции научной школы тезаурусного подхода и может стать одним из интересных направлений изучения этнических культур современным гуманитарным знанием.
Жизнь во имя науки: научные интересы Вал. А Лукова
Authors: Хорина Галина Петровна
Published: April 2022

В статье рассматриваются научные идеи Вал. А. Лукова по многим современным проблемам, связанными с молодежной проблематикой, тезаурусным подходом, биосоциологией, трансгуманизмом, социальной субъектностью, гуманитарной экспертизой. На основе использования широкого массива отечественной и зарубежной научной литературы автором осуществлен их глубокий анализ.
Treatment of Metastatic Brain Lesion Using Osimertinib: A Case Report
Authors: Kazakova Svetlana S. , Dushina Ekaterina V.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: The article presents clinico-radiological examination data of a female patient with a metastatic brain lesion identified four years after a right upper lobectomy for lung adenocarcinoma. The results of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (several examinations with intervals from three months to one year) from the onset of the first neurological signs, progression of the disease, to the regression of the pathological focus were analyzed. The molecular genetic study revealed deletion in exon 19 of the EGFR gene and mutation of the Т790M gene. Consequently, osimertinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor with a higher ability to penetrate the hematoencephalic barrier than the first and second generations, was initiated.
CONCLUSION: The presented clinical case demonstrated the positive therapeutic effect of osimertinib on a patient with a metastatic brain lesion identified four years after the right upper lobectomy for lung adenocarcinoma, which was confirmed by a reduction of the volume of the metastatic focus and an absence of contrast accumulation via magnetic resonance imaging.
Epidemiological and Metabolic Aspects and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Comorbid Pathology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Primary Hypothyroidism
Authors: Berstneva Svetlana V. , Uryas’yev Oleg M. , Dubinina Inessa I. , Nikiforov Aleksandr A.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: The increasing number of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most pressing problems of modern medicine. In comorbid pathology a combination of type 2 DM and thyroid hypofunction the negative effect of hypothyroidism on carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, endothelial function, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a risk factor for the formation and progression of diabetic nephropathy and CKD and requires further study.
AIM: To identify risk factors and epidemiological peculiarities of CKD in type 2 DM in combination with thyroid hypofunction and to determine the possibility of using cystatin C levels for the evaluation of the kidney function in this pathology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective study involved 203 patients with type 2 DM undergoing inpatient treatment in the endocrinology department of the Ryazan Regional Clinical Hospital: group 1 (n = 76), type 2 DM combined with the primary hypothyroidism, and group 2 (n = 127), type 2 DM without thyroid pathology. Carbohydrate, lipid metabolism, albuminuria (AU), thyroid hormone spectrum, adipokines (leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-) were analyzed. The GFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI formula based on the levels of creatinine and cystatin C. Arterial pressure daily monitoring (APDM) was conducted, and intra-abdominal fat thickness was evaluated by ultrasonography.
RESULTS: The incidence of kidney pathology in patients with type 2 DM was 52.22%. In group 1, there was a significant increase in the prevalence of CKD (64.47%, p = 0.006) and of normoalbuminuric CKD (NAU-CKD, 32.89%; p = 0.010). The risk of CKD development in patients with concomitant PH was more than twice that in patients without thyroid pathology with an odds ratio of 2.229 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2414.003) and that for NAU-CKD was 2.474 (95% CI 1.2674.833). Significant impairment of several metabolic parameters and individual APDM parameters was revealed in group 1 in comparison with group 2. The dependence of AU and GFR on the body mass index and of AU on the intra-abdominal fat thickness was noted. A negative relationship between GFR and leptin was revealed; in group 1, a correlation of interleukin-6 and thyrotropic hormone was found (r = 0.809, p = 0.001). With concomitant PH, cystatin C values were lower, and the GFR (CKD-EPI-cys) was reliably higher.
CONCLUSION: Hypothyroidism is a risk factor for CKD development including NAU-CKD in type 2 DM. Obesity and hormonal activities of the intra-abdominal fatty tissue facilitate AU progression and GFR reduction. The use of cystatin C as a marker of the filtration function of the kidney in patients with hypothyroidism may lead to the underestimation of kidney function; thus, further investigation is required.
Syntopy of Pulmonary Vein Orifices in the Left Atrium of the Human Heart
Authors: Gaponov Anton A. , Noskova Mariya E. , Yakimov Andrey A.
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: The syntopy of the left atrial (LA) structures is the least studied aspect of the normal heart anatomy. The morphometric data on the position of orifices of the pulmonary veins in the LA walls relative to the adjacent heart structures and heart vessels are important as reference parameters of heart morphology and are needed in the endovascular treatment of atrial fibrillations.
AIM: To establish the general patterns and topospecific peculiarities of the location of the pulmonary vein orifices relative to the oval fossa and orifices of the venae cavae using morphometric methods of anatomical preparations of conventionally normal adult human heart.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fiftyfour wet anatomical preparations of the heart without macroscopic signs of hemodynamically significant cardiac pathology were studied. The preparations were obtained from patients aged 3589 years who died from diseases not related to heart pathology. LA diastole was modeled by filling its cavity with silicone; after it hardened, the distances from the oval fossa and orifices of the venae cavae to the orifices of the pulmonary veins were measured using sliding calipers.
RESULTS: The article presents variation, medians, and extreme values of distances from the oval fossa and orifices of the venae cavae to the orifices of the pulmonary veins at the site of their opening to LA. The significance of differences of morphometric parameters of the topography was evaluated, and their correlation and oneway regression analyses were implemented. The strongest regression dependence was found for LA width and distance from the orifice of the superior vena cava to the orifice of the left inferior pulmonary vein (Y) r2 = 0.45; Х = 19.94 + 0.545Y). The heart dimensions and LA length were not significant predictors for the studied parameters.
CONCLUSION: The right pulmonary veins were located expectedly closer to the orifices of the venae cavae and the oval fossa than the left pulmonary veins. The narrowest was the space between the orifices of the superior vena cava and the right superior pulmonary vein. The farthest from the orifices of both venae cavae was the orifice of the left inferior pulmonary artery. The strongest correlation relationships were characteristic of the distances from the orifices of both venae cavae to the orifices of the homolateral pulmonary veins, which we propose to consider as one of the criteria of the harmoniousness of the structure of the atrial complex.