bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tendencias temporales en la cobertura vegetal de la Cuenca Ramis: Generación de Índices espectrales mediante Google Earth Engine
Authors: Mamani Gomez José Antonio , Batista José Anderson do Nascimento
Published: January 2025

El estudio se centró en analizar la distribución y evolución de la vegetación en la cuenca Ramis durante el período de 1984 a 2021, utilizando datos de índices de vegetación como el NDVI y el ARVI. Se emplearon herramientas como la Plataforma Google Earth Engine (GEE) para el procesamiento de imágenes satelitales Landsat y el software R Studio para realizar análisis de tendencias no paramétricas mediante el método de Mann Kendall. Los resultados muestran una serie de patrones significativos en la distribución de la vegetación a lo largo de las décadas estudiadas. Se observa un aumento constante en áreas sin vegetación, lo que podría estar relacionado con procesos de desertificación o degradación del suelo. Por otro lado, se evidencia una disminución en la cobertura de vegetación escasa, posiblemente asociada a actividades humanas como la expansión agrícola o la urbanización. Sin embargo, se destaca un aumento progresivo en la cobertura de vegetación densa y muy densa, indicando posibles esfuerzos de reforestación o recuperación de áreas boscosas, así como éxitos en medidas de conservación o regeneración natural. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de continuar monitoreando y gestionando adecuadamente los recursos naturales en la cuenca Ramis para garantizar su conservación a largo plazo. Además, se compararon los resultados obtenidos a través del NDVI y el ARVI. Se observó que el NDVI proporcionó una mejor representación espacial y mostró mayor sensibilidad a la cantidad de clorofila, siendo útil para evaluar la densidad de la vegetación. Por otro lado, el ARVI mostró resultados más adecuados para áreas con terreno variado o vegetación densa y compleja, aunque su representación en la cuenca Ramis fue limitada.
Mapeamento geológico-geotécnico de uma obra de infraestrutura viária no Distrito Federal do Brasil
Authors: Paula Gisandra Faria de , Teixeira Dan Imbroisi Brant , Levay Vinícius Silveira , Gomes Alessandra dos Santos , Silva Rafael Cerqueira
Published: January 2025

Obras em engenharia rodoviária necessitam de projetos detalhados, que levem em consideração as particularidades geológico-geotécnicas com uma caracterização quantitativa e qualitativa de todas as condicionantes relacionadas, objetivando otimizar os processos executivos com eficiência e economicidade. O mapa pedológico deveria constituir um dos primeiros recursos que o engenheiro geotécnico tem disponível para localizar a área e identificar os solos existentes na região da obra, a fim de subsidiar os projetos a serem realizados. Entretanto, na maioria das vezes, é desprezado na geotecnia. Desta forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo demonstrar a aplicação da utilização de mapas temáticos para execução de dois trechos de taludes de corte na obra denominada Ligação Torto-Colorado (LTC), no Distrito Federal. Para tanto, foram realizadas análises comparativas entre as informações existentes nos mapas e as características dos solos encontrados, interceptados e expostos pelas escavações realizadas para implantar os taludes. As análises realizadas corroboram para a importância do uso de mapas pedológicos associados a mapas geológicos para definição dos modelos geológico-geotécnicos, possibilitando elaboração de análises consistentes com as características dos materiais interceptados pela escavação, que variam de solos residuais jovem e maduro a rochas medianamente intemperizadas, cujos comportamentos são condicionados pelas formações e, dependendo do material, também da direção das faces de escavação.
Apresentação
Authors: Possani Maria Alice , Neves Larissa de Oliveira
Published: January 2025

Apresentação do Volume 14 (2024) da Pitágoras 500 - Revista de Estudos Teatrais do Departamento de Artes Cênicas da Unicamp.
Organophosphate pesticides in herbal mixtures from Bayelsa State, Nigeria: implication for human exposure and risks
Authors: Tesi Godswill O. , Lari Bulouebibo , Ogbuta Anthony A. , Felagha Iniebiyo , Obodoka Given C. , Ogbomade Wellington E. , Okpara Kingsley E. , Osioma Ejovi , Agbozu Iwekumo E.
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the presence of organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) in fifty herbal mixture samples obtained from major towns in Bayelsa, Nigeria, to evaluate their safety. OPPs were quantified using a gas chromatograph (GC) coupled with a mass-selective detector after solvent extraction. The results showed that all fifty herbal mixtures contained detectable levels of OPPs, with detection frequencies for individual OPP congeners ranging from 52% for pyraclofos to 90% for diazinon, the most frequently detected congener. At least three OPPs were detected in each sample. Total OPP concentrations varied from 3.80 to 48.0 ng·L-1, 4.50 to 51.6 ng·g-1, and 2.96 to 18.1 ng·g-1 in liquid, powder, and capsule herbal mixtures, respectively. These concentrations were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by the European Pharmacopeia. Computed hazard index (HI) values were generally < 1, indicating no significant non-carcinogenic risk associated with the ingestion of these herbal mixtures. The contribution of individual OPP congeners to the HI followed the order: O-ethyl O-4-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonothioate (EPN) > diazinon > pirimiphos-methyl > quinalphos > chlorpyrifos > chlorpyrifos-methyl. This study underscores the need for continuous monitoring and the application of rigorous scientific standards to herbal mixtures to ensure consumer safety.
Detection and Quantification of Glandular Trichomes (Bulbous) on Potato Plant Leaf Images Using Deep Learning
Authors: Azhari M. Fauzan , Rohmatul Fajriyah  , Izzati Muhimmah  , Dan Jeric Arcega Rustia  , Smulders Marinus J.M. , Gracianna Devi Micha
Published: January 2025

Potato plants have a very high nutritional value, making them widely cultivated in Indonesia. To ensure the cultivation of potatoes has good quality, many individuals, ranging from farmers to researchers and plant breeders, strive to explore and understand the characteristics of plant resistance sources, one of which is through the role of trichomes. Trichomes are fine hairs that coat the outer surface of plant leaves, serving as a physical barrier and regulating plant temperature. Identification and quantification of trichomes are commonly conducted manually by researchers, which consumes much time and is inefficient. Therefore, a system that can automatically detect and quantify trichomes is crucial to avoid manual identification and quantification, allowing these processes to be carried out more quickly. This study utilized a deep learning approach to train a model capable of detecting and quantifying trichome objects. The model architecture used was YOLOv8. From the training process, the resulting mean average precision (mAP) at a confidence threshold of 50 was 0.816, while the mAP at a confidence threshold of 90 was 0.38. This model is expected to assist experts or researchers in the field of agriculture in identifying trichomes, thereby optimizing crop yields.
Modeling the Number of Foreign Tourist Visits to Indonesia in 2020 Using GWPR Method
Authors: Subarkah Muhammad Zidni , Wahyuningtia Rizki , Hildha Martina , Sulandari Winita
Published: January 2025

In December 2020, the number of foreign tourists visiting Indonesia experienced a sharp decline of 88.08% compared to the number of visits in December 2019. However, compared to the previous month, November 2020, this number increased by 13.58%. Modeling the number of foreign tourists visiting Indonesia in 2020 using the Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (GWPR) method is needed to elaborate on the Indonesian government’s policy decisions, especially in the tourism sector. The results showed that the GWPR model with the Kernel fixed Gaussian weighted function had an AIC value of 1,521,240.873, deviance of 1,521,196.695, and deviance-R2 of 0.741 or 74.1%. This model produced two different clusters of characteristics of foreign tourists’ country of origin based on the variable’s significance. Cluster one consisted of Finland and Qatar and the rest were in cluster two. The characteristics of cluster two were influenced by the rupiah exchange rate variable, short stay visa free (Bebas Visa Kunjungan Singkat, BVKS), Consumer Price Index (CPI), economic growth, total imports, and the distance of CGK to the international airport. Meanwhile, cluster one had almost the same characteristics as cluster two but was not influenced by the BVKS factor variables.
No que o diretor escolar acredita: catalogando as competências morais e religiosas da gestão escolar
Authors: Follis Rodrigo , Giacomini Alessandro Custodio , Ferri Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2025

A Base Nacional Comum de Competências do Diretor Escolar (BNCC-Diretor Escolar) foi proposta para estabelecer diretrizes para a formação e atuação dos diretores, com foco em liderança e gestão escolar. No entanto, ela apresenta uma lacuna ao não contemplar competências religiosas. Este estudo examina as competências morais e religiosas na gestão escolar, propondo uma complementação à formação dos gestores. Por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura recente e de uma análise sistemática baseada no método PRISMA, abrangendo 33 estudos, foram abordadas competências éticas e morais, constatando-se que aspectos religiosos são frequentemente excluídos em favor de uma perspectiva secular. Os resultados destacam a importância de liderança ética e justiça e revelam a necessidade de capacitação voltada para uma gestão inclusiva e socialmente ancorada. Este estudo propõe a ampliação das competências para diretores, incluindo valores éticos, morais e religiosos, visando promover ambientes escolares acolhedores e respeitosos à diversidade.
Exploring lidar odometry within the robot operating system
Authors: Walls Andrew , Ellison Charles , Bunkley Steven , Dodd Brandon , Naser Amir , Charter Dylan , Delatorre Maribel , Lee Jin-Kyu , Glaspell Garry , Soylemezoglu Ahmet
Published: January 2025

Here, we explore various lidar odometry approaches (with both 3 and 6 degrees of freedom) in simulation. We modified a virtual model of a TurtleBot3 robot to work with the various odometry approaches and evaluated each method within a gazebo simulation. The gazebo model was configured to generate an absolute ground truth for comparison to the odometry results. We used the evo package to compare the ground truth with the various lidar odometry values. The results for KISS-ICP and laser scan matcher (LSM), including two simultaneous localization and map-ping (SLAM) approaches, Fast Lidar-Inertial Odometry (FAST-LIO), and Direct Lidar Odometry (DLO), are provided and discussed. We also tested one of the approaches on our physical robot.
Diseño de un aplicativo móvil para el registro de vacunación de niños menores de 5 años
Authors:   , Chaupi Alvarez Miriam Senaida , Loja Ponce Erick Arturo
Published: January 2025

El estudio se enfoca en el diseño y evaluación de un aplicativo móvil “VacunaChild” con el propósito de mejorar el registro de vacunación en niños menores de 5 años. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo. Se implementó un diseño preexperimental para evaluar el efecto del aplicativo móvil en el proceso de registro de vacunación antes y después de su uso mediante un Pre-Test y un Post-Test, esta evaluación se realizó a través de un cuestionario. Se utilizó una muestra de 30 niños atendidos en el Centro Materno Infantil "Juan Pablo II" en Villa el Salvador, Lima, Perú, mediante un muestreo probabilístico. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en el proceso de registro de vacunación con el uso del aplicativo móvil. Se observó una mayor eficiencia en la programación de citas, un aumento en la frecuencia de recordatorios de vacunación, una mejora en la puntualidad en las citas y una reducción del tiempo de registro de vacunas. El análisis estadístico, incluida las pruebas de hipótesis, confirmó la significancia de estas mejoras en todas las dimensiones evaluadas (cumplimiento del esquema de vacunación, programación de citas, recordatorio de próximas fechas de vacunación, puntualidad a las citas y tiempo de registro de vacuna aplicada). En conclusión, el diseño e implementación del aplicativo móvil han demostrado ser eficaces para mejorar el proceso de registro de vacunación en niños menores de 5 años. Esta herramienta proporciona una solución integral que facilita la gestión y seguimiento de las vacunas, promoviendo la salud infantil de manera efectiva.
The context-dependent epigenetic and organogenesis programs determine 3D vs. 2D cellular fitness of MYC-driven murine liver cancer cells
Authors: Yang Jun , Fang Jie , Singh Shivendra , Wells Brennan , Wu Qiong , Jin Hongjian , Janke Laura , Wan Shibiao , Steele Jacob , Connelly Jon , Murphy Andrew , Wang Ruoning , Davidoff Andrew , Ashcroft Margaret , Pruett-Miller Shondra
Published: January 2025

3D cellular-specific epigenetic and transcriptomic reprogramming is critical to organogenesis and tumorigenesis. Here we dissect the distinct cell fitness in 2D (normoxia vs. chronic hypoxia) vs 3D (normoxia) culture conditions for a MYC-driven murine liver cancer model. We identify over 600 shared essential genes and additional context-specific fitness genes and pathways. Knockout of the VHL-HIF1 pathway results in incompatible fitness defects under normoxia vs. 1% oxygen or 3D culture conditions. Moreover, deletion of each of the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain complex has distinct fitness outcomes. Notably, multicellular organogenesis signaling pathways including TGFb-SMAD, which is upregulated in 3D culture, specifically constrict the uncontrolled cell proliferation in 3D while inactivation of epigenetic modifiers (Bcor, Kmt2d, Mettl3 and Mettl14) has opposite outcomes in 2D vs. 3D. We further identify a 3D-dependent synthetic lethality with partial loss of Prmt5 due to a reduction of Mtap expression resulting from 3D-specific epigenetic reprogramming. Our study highlights unique epigenetic, metabolic and organogenesis signaling dependencies under different cellular settings.
WITHDRAWN: Designing a Nature Play Module for Preschool Teachers Using the Fuzzy Delphi Method: A Structured Approach for Early Childhood Education
Authors: Yanfei Xu , Rahman Mohd Nazri Abdul
Published: January 2025

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Delocalized Solvation Structures Design Enables 600 Wh kg-1 Lithium Metal Pouch Cells
Authors: Hu Wenbin , Huang He , Hu Yitao , Hou Yajun , Wang Xingkai , Dong Qiujiang , Zhao Zhixin , Ji Mingfang , Zhang Wanxing , Li Jinyang , Xie Jianping , Guo Hao , Han Xiaopeng , Ouyang Xiaoping
Published: January 2025

Developing high-energy lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is essential for advancing next-generation energy storage and electric vehicle technologies. Nevertheless, the practical application remains constrained by current electrolyte designs with inherent reliance on dominant solvation structures, constraining transformative progress in performance optimization. Herein, we address this limitation through a delocalized electrolyte design paradigm that fosters a more disordered solvation microenvironment, thereby mitigating dynamic barriers and stabilizing interphases. The resulting delocalized electrolyte delivers notable energy densities of 604.2 Wh kg-1 in a 5.5 Ah LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2 (Ni90)||Li pouch cell with a lean electrolyte design (1 g Ah−1) and 618.2 Wh kg-1 in a 5.2 Ah Ni90||Li pouch cell with an ultra-lean electrolyte design (0.9 g Ah⁻¹), maintaining significant cycle stability over 100 and 90 cycles, respectively. Additionally, the first reported 70-104 V NCM811||Li battery pack (3904 Wh) exhibits a high energy density of 480.9 Wh kg-1 and stable cycling over 25 cycles. This work underscores the imperative to circumvent the inherent reliance on dominant solvation structures in electrolyte design, thereby facilitating the milestone performance of high-energy “Battery600” and scalable “Pack480”.
Not a Swiss Army Knife: Academics' Perceptions of Trade-Offs Around Generative Artificial Intelligence Use
Authors: Razi Afsaneh , Bouzoubaa Layla , Pessianzadeh Aria , Seberger John S. , Rezapour Rezvaneh
Published: January 2025

In the rapidly evolving landscape of computing disciplines, substantial efforts are being dedicated to unraveling the sociotechnical implications of generative AI (Gen AI). Our goal is to advance our empirical understanding of the direct engagement of knowledge workers in academia with Gen AI, as they are the thought leaders in our society.We interviewed 17 knowledge workers, including faculty and students, to investigate the social and technical dimensions of Gen AI from their perspective.Knowledge workers expressed worries about Gen AI undermining trust in the relationship between instructor and student and discussed potential solutions, such as pedagogy readiness, to mitigate them. Additionally, participants recognized Gen AI's potential to democratize knowledge by accelerating the learning process and act as an accessible research assistant. However, there were also concerns about potential social and power imbalances stemming from unequal access to such technologies. Our study offers insights into the concerns and hopes of knowledge workers about the ethical use of Gen AI in educational settings and beyond, with implications for navigating this new landscape.
Unveiling the Ferroelectric Competition and Transition Mechanisms in Hybrid Organic-inorganic Perovskite Heterojunction
Authors: Li Wenwu , Li Enlong , He Weixin , Wang Ruixue , Zhang Chi , Zhou Hongmiao , Liu Yu , Yuan Yijia , Loh Kian Ping , Chu Junhao
Published: January 2025

The non-volatile spontaneous ferroelectric polarization (FE) field serves as a cornerstone for applying ferroelectric materials in electronic devices, yet it is frequently mitigated by charge trapping (CT) at defect sites. Achieving an effective transition between FE and CT is challenging due to the inherent opposition of the two mechanisms and the uncontrollable CT types in ferroelectric materials. Here, we realized polarity-dependent ferroelectric competition and transition in ferroelectric heterojunction transistors, by integrating a hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite ferroelectric (HOIPFs) layer embedded with electron trapping sites. Through theoretical calculations and experimental validation, we demonstrate competition and transition mechanisms between FE and CT based on the polarity of the semiconductor layer. The electron-majority n-type semiconductor exhibits CT behavior, while the electron-minority p-type semiconductors exhibit the FE mechanism. Leveraging the FE transition, our bipolar ferroelectric heterojunction transistors enable synergistic control of non-volatile FE and volatile CT modulation within a single device, significantly improving the recognition accuracy to 93.9% and a 3.7-fold boost in training efficiency.
Escherichia coli O157:H7 prevalence and virulence gene detection in raw meat in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia
Authors: Asefa Wogayehu , Tassew Habtamu , Bialfew Tilksew , Gelaye Esayas , Azene Bizuneh Tsehayneh
Published: January 2025

Escherichia coli O157:H7 serotype is worldwide zoonotic pathogen responsible for the majority of severe cases of human enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli disease. A cross sectional study was designed from November 2019-March 2020 with the aim of isolating E. coli O157:H7, detecting virulence genes and assessing its antimicrobial resistance pattern from raw meat ready to eat (kurt) from butcher shop at Bahir Dar city. A total of 74 beef samples were collected and processed using standard microbiological procedures to isolate and identify the bacterium and determine their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Genomic DNA of the isolates was examined with conventional polymerase chain reactions to detect virulence genes. Accordingly 21 E. coliO157:H7 were isolated. The PCR virulence gene detection showed that 61.9% and 38.1% of the isolated harbours stx1 and eaeA genes respectively. Isolates were further subjected to the in vitro antimicrobial sensitivity test and showed the degree of susceptibility ranges from 62% − 100% and resistance rate were between 4.8% and 33.3%. Only 6 (28.6%) of them showed the presence of resistance for two drugs amoxicillin and chloramphenicol. The higher incidence of the stx1 and eaeA gene in meat samples indicates the risk alert of E. coliO157 infection. Therefore, appropriate measures are now needed to wards food safety, knowledge gap of butcher shop workers and building standardized abattoir in the area to prevent the spread of this life-threatening food borne disease in our city and our country Ethiopia having the habit eating raw beef.
An integrated data analysis and computational approach to reveal gene signatures for paediatric Tuberculosis meningitis related to non-tuberculosis patients
Authors: Verma Awadhesh Kumar , Singh Tanya
Published: January 2025

The global disease burden remains greatly influenced by tuberculosis. Its most critical form, Tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) affects both adults and children who face high rates of mortality and morbidity. As many as 50% of paediatric TBM cases lead to mortality, and nearly 53.9 percent of those who survive endure neurological consequences. The primary reasons for unsatisfactory TBM results are late diagnosis and the postponement of anti-tuberculosis therapy. Thus, improved case identification and prompt administration of effective treatments are crucial for controlling tuberculosis in children. The primary aim of this research is to identify new biomarkers for the early diagnosis of Tuberculosis meningitis in children by conducting RNA sequencing on data obtained from various samples. This research emphasizes the use of bioinformatics, machine learning, and diverse statistical methods, including the evaluation of fixed threshold values or p-values, which facilitate the identification of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). Consequently, three new biomarkers were identified by combining the findings from RNASeq and machine learning, utilizing algorithms like multi-layer perceptron, support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) to suggest the optimal model with high accuracy and performance for the identification of the new biomarkers. It was understood that the RF model surpassed the other classifiers by achieving an accuracy score of 1.0 in identifying new biomarkers of Tuberculosis meningitis in children. Then computational analysis of these genes was done with the potential drugs used for treating Tuberculosis meningitis using AutodockTools software.
Building Resilience with Adaptive Social Protection for Natural Disaster Mitigation in Indonesia: Systematic Literature Review with Bibliometrics
Authors: Nilakurnia Roswita , Koestoer Raldi Hendro
Published: January 2025

Indonesia’s distinct geographical and geological landscape makes it highly vulnerable to natural disasters, particularly earthquakes, as it sits at the convergence of three major tectonic plates. This persistent exposure to natural hazards amplifies risks to household welfare, posing significant challenges to Indonesia’s long-term poverty reduction goals. The absence of a dedicated disaster-responsive social protection policy raises substantial concerns regarding the country’s capacity to address these vulnerabilities. This study aims to evaluate the effects of natural disaster risks on poverty and examines disaster-focused social protection frameworks from other nations. The goal is to guide the creation of an adaptive social protection model tailored to Indonesia’s unique disaster risks. Using quantitative and qualitative approaches, the research conducts a bibliometric analysis of existing literature on natural disasters, poverty, and social protection, tracing the development of adaptive social protection concepts. The findings underscore the urgent need for a robust, adaptive social protection framework to confront Indonesia’s natural disaster challenges. This framework would adopt a multi-stakeholder approach, fostering collaboration among government entities, the private sector, and communities to boost resilience, improve preparedness, and strengthen risk mitigation efforts.
Structural Analysis and Design of a Primary School Building (4-Storey) in Savar
Authors: Abir Ashifur Rahman , Hossain Imran
Published: January 2025

The school buildings are critical pieces of infrastructure in every country. Several aspects, including structural safety, utility, and economic feasibility, must be carefully considered while creating these structures. The goal of this study is to look at the available research on the structural analysis and design of primary school buildings, particularly four-story structures, in Savar Upazila, Dhaka. This project paper presents the analysis and design of a four-story RCC school building at Dhorenda, Savar, Dhaka, for which we have designed the structural components (beam, column, slab, and foundations). Our building has a total area of 7.68 Katha. The site is located in Savar upazila near Dhaka. It is located about 12 meters South-East from the Dhaka-Aricha national highway. And about 100 meters South-East of Nabinagor market. The principal objective of this venture is to develop a 4 story school building to increase school capacity and accommodate more facilities for students. The BNBC Code and ACI 318 is followed during designing this project. Moreover, the alternative floor plans for the project is analyzed with respect of withstanding seismic and wind load according to the geological condition of the site. The project emphasizes the study's two primary components: structural analysis and design. The structural analysis entails applying the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) approach to evaluate the loads (self-weight, live load owing to occupancy, and wind load) and establishing the size of the structural elements to assure the building's stability. The ETABS software which is a finite element technique (FEM) is used to study and verify the structure under various loads. The design component of the research addresses the selection and size of structural elements (reinforced concrete columns, beams, and slabs). The output of the study is very helpful understand the difficulties of design and construction of a building and given a direction to smooth of the design process.
Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Costus pictus in STZ-Induced Diabetic Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Vani Motha Satya , Rani Sabita , Pittah Ashish , Patil Pradeep Bhatu
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the anti-diabetic properties of the methanolic extract of Costus pictus rhizomes, a plant traditionally recognized for its role in diabetes management, using streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats as the experimental model. A total of 42 SD/NIN male rats were categorized into following four groups: a control group (Normal without disease induction or treatment), a diabetic control group, and two treatment groups receiving Costus pictus extract at oral doses of 50 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg body weight through gavaging. Over a four-week treatment period, key indicators such as body weight, blood glucose levels, biochemical markers were thoroughly evaluated. The results revealed a dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose levels, with the 250 mg/kg dose achieving a 52% reduction by the fourth week, compared to 49.5% at 50 mg/kg. Treated groups also exhibited improved lipid profiles, liver enzyme levels, and kidney function markers compared to diabetic controls. Histopathological analysis showed significant β-cell regeneration in treated groups, particularly at the higher dose, indicating the potential of Costus pictus to restore pancreatic function. This study highlights the therapeutic efficacy of Costus pictus in managing hyperglycaemia and mitigating metabolic dysfunctions associated with diabetes. The plant's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties likely contribute to its beneficial effects, making it a promising alternative to synthetic anti-diabetic agents. While the results are encouraging, further studies are needed to understand the detailed mechanisms of action, optimize dosing, and evaluate clinical efficacy in humans. These findings reinforce the potential of Costus pictus as a cost-effective and natural remedy for diabetes and its complication management.
Jaspersova filozofska tanatologija
Authors: Losoncz Mark
Published: January 2025

Članak polazi od analize Jaspersova pojma smrti kao granične situacije, s posebnim osvrtom na razliku između pukog postojanja (njem. Dasein) i egzistencije. Posebna pa- žnja posvećuje se načinu na koji Jaspers određuje odnos između smrti i transcendencije. Jaspersovski shvaćena smrt tumači se i kao »atemporalizirajuća« vječnost. Naglašava se da se njegova filozofska tanatologija u bitnom smislu razlikuje od stoičkog i epikurejskog pogleda na smrt. Za razliku od interpretacije Filiz Peach, sugerira se da adekvatno čitanje Jaspersove filozofije smrti kombinira mističan i egzistencijalan aspekt. S druge strane, za razliku od Csejteijeve tvrdnje, članak pokazuje da smrt kod Jaspersa nije solipsistička, nego da ima veoma snažnu intersubjektivnu dimenziju. Shodno tome, smrt Drugog tumači se u kontekstu ljubavi.
FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF Apocyclops spartinus (COPEPODA: CYCLOPOIDA) ON Pavlova lutheri (HAPTOPHYTA) IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors: Sánchez-Dávila Pedro Pablo Alonso , Flores-Valiente Jorge , Gil-Kodaka Patricia
Published: January 2025

Se describió el comportamiento predatorio del copépodo Apocyclops spartinus en función de su borde mandibular en condiciones de laboratorio. Para describirlo, se estimaron las tasas de filtración e ingestión con la microalga Pavlova lutheri en tres fases ontogénicas del copépodo: 1) nauplios (i-iii), 2) metanauplios (iv-vi) y 3) adultos (machos y hembras) entre 3 y 30 horas de consumo en cinco intervalos, a 24 °C y 35 UPS (Unidades Prácticas de Salinidad). La tasa de ingestión fue mayor en las hembras (60.7%) que en los machos (36.1%), seguido por metanauplios (2.5%) y nauplios (0.6%). La mayor tasa de filtración la registraron los metanauplios (52.3%), seguidos de las hembras (24.2%), los machos (12%) y los nauplios (11.5%). La relación entre ingestión/horas y filtración/horas fue registrado con los modelos potencial y exponencial, cuyos parámetros fueron superíndices negativos, explicando una mayor demanda de alimento por parte de los adultos sobre los estadios naupliares y representando una asíntota para el equilibrio establecido entre la saciedad del copépodo y el rechazo del alimento debido a la pérdida del valor nutritivo. En síntesis, el índice de borde mandibular de Itoh clasificó a A. spartinus dentro del espectro carnívoro; sin embargo, su comportamiento alimentario, basado en microalgas móviles, demostró una estrategia depredadora de emboscada activa más que de forrajeo pasivo.
Relatório Final das Atividades do Grupo de Trabalho designado pela Portaria nº 63, de 28 de fevereiro de 2024
Authors:   Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Published: January 2025

Apresenta discussão acerca do conceito de excelência no âmbito dos programas de pósgraduação stricto sensu brasileiros e faz análise dos critérios utilizados pelas áreas de avaliação, na Quadrienal 2021/2022, para atribuição das notas seis e sete.
Language learning and acquisition perspectives: Exploring Chomsky’s transformational-generative grammar, pinker’s cognitive aspects of language, and labov’s sociolinguistics in the post-pandemic educational context
Authors: Eslit Edgar R.
Published: January 2025

Language acquisition and learning are cognitive processes that attracted the interest of scholars from different fields. Transformational-Generative Grammar, Cognitive Aspects of Language, and Sociolinguistics are the frameworks that the research work examines to understand their bearing on acquisition and learning given the trends in the digital and technological development. Thus, by using the qualitative research method, the study addresses the prevailing gaps and looks at the language learning and acquisition perspectives and the use of technology enhanced learning into blended learning. The results present significant responses to the outstanding questions regarding integration of cultural and language features, impact of socioeconomic factors on the equity in education, and use of technological resources. There are suggestions for derivational and adaptive educational approaches aimed at increasing the level of learners’ language proficiency. Overall, this study holds useful information for improving language learning and teaching practices in the post-pandemic educational context.
Addressing Corruption and Government Challenges: The Case of Uganda’s Strategic Developments Policies
Authors: Nambassa Gloria , Qodir Zuly
Published: January 2025

A country’s development is fundamentally influenced by how strategic its policies are in addressing citizens' pressing needs. These policies reflect the actions, or inactions, of governments. National Development Policies focus on crucial socio-economic sectors to bring significant changes. This paper examines Uganda’s National Agriculture Policy of 2013 and Renewable Energy Policy of 2007. We analyze how Uganda’s strategic policy implementation combats corruption and addresses developmental shortcomings. The National Agriculture Policy aims to enhance agricultural productivity and ensure food security, while the Renewable Energy Policy promotes sustainable energy solutions and reduces dependency on non-renewable sources. By prioritizing these sectors, Uganda seeks to foster socio-economic development, mitigate corruption, and improve overall governance. This study highlights the successes and challenges in implementing these policies, providing insights into the role of strategic policy-making in addressing corruption and development issues in Uganda, ultimately contributing to the country's socio-economic advancement.
Soft Power through Pilgrimage: Analyzing Saudi Arabia’s 2024 King Salman Omra Program in Indonesia
Authors: Jayanti Amalia
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes Saudi Arabia’s soft power strategy in Indonesia through King Salman’s 2024 Umrah Program. The research focuses on the growing importance of religious diplomacy in strengthening bilateral relations, particularly between Saudi Arabia and Indonesia, the largest Muslim-majority country. It examines how the program operates as a tool of soft power and its impact on bilateral ties. Using qualitative methods, this research relies on secondary data from government publications, media reports, and scholarly articles. Data collection involves document analysis, and thematic content analysis is employed to interpret the findings. The study reveals that the 2024 King Salman’s guest omra program effectively enhances Saudi Arabia’s religious diplomacy by fostering cultural and religious connections with Indonesia. The program reinforces Saudi Arabia’s leadership within the global Muslim community while promoting bilateral collaboration in areas like education and trade. However, challenges arise for Indonesia in balancing foreign influence with domestic priorities. The findings conclude this program is a strategic soft power tool that strengthens Saudi Arabia’s influence and improves bilateral relations with Indonesia. This research contributes to international relations by illustrating how religious diplomacy can serve as a non-coercive foreign policy instrument to build trust and cooperation between Muslim-majority nations.
The Human Touch in Acupuncture: A Future with Artificial Intelligence?
Authors: Litscher Gerhard
Published: January 2025

Acupuncture, an ancient practice in traditional Chinese medicine, is founded on understanding of human physiology and the dynamics of energy flow (Qi). The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern medicine presents opportunities to integrate advanced technologies into acupuncture, enhancing diagnostic precision and empirical validation. AI tools can analyze complex datasets, model energy flow dynamics, and provide evidence-based insights, potentially bridging traditional methodologies with scientific paradigms. However, the human element, characterized by intuition, empathy, and holistic decision-making, remains central to effective treatment. This editorial explores the transformative potential of AI in acupuncture, its limitations, and the importance of preserving the relational and manual aspects of the practice. By fostering a synergistic relationship between AI and practitioners, acupuncture can advance as a scientifically validated yet human-centered therapeutic modality. Ethical considerations and balanced integration are imperative to ensure that technological innovations complement rather than overshadow the core values of this ancient healing art.
The Role of the Organization in Promoting Information Security–Related Behavior Among Resident Physicians in Hospitals in Germany: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Kraushaar Judith , Bohnet-Joschko Sabine
Published: January 2025

Background

Nowadays, optimal patient care should be based on data-driven decisions. In the course of digitization, hospitals, in particular, are becoming complex organizations with an enormously high density of digital information. Ensuring information security is, therefore, essential and has become a major challenge. Researchers have shown that—in addition to technological and regulatory measures—it is also necessary for all employees to follow security policies and consciously use information technology (compliance), because noncompliance can lead to security breaches with far-reaching consequences for the organization. There is little empirical research on information security–related behavior in hospitals and its organizational antecedents.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the impact of specific job demands and resources on resident physicians’ information security–related compliance in hospitals through the mediating role of work engagement and information security–related awareness.

Methods

We used a cross-sectional, survey-based study design to collect relevant data from our target population, namely resident physicians in hospitals. For data analysis, we applied structural equation modeling. Our research model consisted of a total of 7 job demands and resources as exogenous variables, 2 mediators, and information security–related compliance as the endogenous variable.

Results

Overall, data from 281 participating physicians were included in the analyses. Both mediators—work engagement and awareness—had a significant positive effect on information security–related compliance (β=.208, P=.001 vs β=.552, P<.001). Quality of leadership was found to be the only resource with a significant indirect effect on physicians’ compliance, mediated by work engagement (β=.086, P=.03). Furthermore, awareness mediated the relationships between information security–related communication and information security–related compliance (β=.192, P<.001), as well as between further education and training and the endogenous variable (β=.096, P=.02). Contrary to our hypothesis, IT resources had a negative effect on compliance, mediated by awareness (β=–.114, P=.02).

Conclusions

This study provides new insights into how a high standard of information security compliance among resident physicians could be achieved through strengthening physicians’ security work engagement and awareness. Hospital management is required to establish an information security culture that is informative and motivating and that raises awareness. Particular attention should be paid to the quality of leadership, further education and training, as well as clear communication.
Modern Digital Query Analytics of Patient Education Materials on Acanthosis Nigricans: Systematic Search and Content Analysis
Authors: Varghese Kevin Johny , Singh Som , Kamali Emily , Qureshi Fahad , Jamal Aleena , Qureshi Fawad
Published: January 2025

Background

Online digital materials are integral to patient education and health care outcomes in dermatology. Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a common condition, often associated with underlying diseases such as insulin resistance. Patients frequently search the internet for information related to this cutaneous finding. To our knowledge, the quality of online educational materials for AN has not been systematically examined.

Objective

The primary objective of this study was to profile the readability and quality of the content of publicly available digital educational materials on AN and identify questions frequently asked by patients.

Methods

This study analyzed publicly available internet sources to identify the most frequent questions searched by patients regarding AN using the Google Rankbrain algorithm. Furthermore, available articles on AN were evaluated for quality and reading level using metrics such as the Brief DISCERN score, and readability was determined using three specific scales including the Flesch-Kincaid score, Gunning Fog index, and the Coleman-Liau index, based on literature.

Results

Patients most frequently accessed facts on AN from government sources, which comprised 30% (n=15) of the analyzed sources. The available articles did not meet quality standards and were at a reading level not appropriate for the general public. The majority of articles (n=29/50, 58%) had substandard Brief DISCERN scores, failing to meet the criteria for good quality.

Conclusions

Clinicians should be aware of the paucity of valuable online educational material on AN and educate their patients accordingly.
The Role of the Organization in Promoting Information Security–Related Behavior Among Resident Physicians in Hospitals in Germany: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kraushaar Judith , Bohnet-Joschko Sabine
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Nowadays, optimal patient care should be based on data-driven decisions. In the course of digitization, hospitals, in particular, are becoming complex organizations with an enormously high density of digital information. Ensuring information security is, therefore, essential and has become a major challenge. Researchers have shown that—in addition to technological and regulatory measures—it is also necessary for all employees to follow security policies and consciously use information technology (compliance), because noncompliance can lead to security breaches with far-reaching consequences for the organization. There is little empirical research on information security–related behavior in hospitals and its organizational antecedents.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the impact of specific job demands and resources on resident physicians’ information security–related compliance in hospitals through the mediating role of work engagement and information security–related awareness.

METHODS

We used a cross-sectional, survey-based study design to collect relevant data from our target population, namely resident physicians in hospitals. For data analysis, we applied structural equation modeling. Our research model consisted of a total of 7 job demands and resources as exogenous variables, 2 mediators, and information security–related compliance as the endogenous variable.

RESULTS

Overall, data from 281 participating physicians were included in the analyses. Both mediators—work engagement and awareness—had a significant positive effect on information security–related compliance (β=.208, P=.001 vs β=.552, P<.001). Quality of leadership was found to be the only resource with a significant indirect effect on physicians’ compliance, mediated by work engagement (β=.086, P=.03). Furthermore, awareness mediated the relationships between information security–related communication and information security–related compliance (β=.192, P<.001), as well as between further education and training and the endogenous variable (β=.096, P=.02). Contrary to our hypothesis, IT resources had a negative effect on compliance, mediated by awareness (β=–.114, P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides new insights into how a high standard of information security compliance among resident physicians could be achieved through strengthening physicians’ security work engagement and awareness. Hospital management is required to establish an information security culture that is informative and motivating and that raises awareness. Particular attention should be paid to the quality of leadership, further education and training, as well as clear communication.
How information exposure shape risk perceptions and vaccine intentions of mpox among Gay, Bisexual, and Men Who have Sex with Men in China: A Theory-based Multigroup Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Cheung Doug , Xie Luyao , Wang Lijuan , Chen Siyu , Li Xinge , Zhang Zheng , Ge Shen , Chen Xinyue , Yu Fuk-yuen , Fang Yuan , Chen Zihuang , Li Zhennan , Sun Fenghua , Mo Phoenix , Liu Yingjie , Wang Zixin
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Exposure to information related to mpox may be related to different perceptual processes in relation to vaccination intent.

OBJECTIVE

This study examined the specific pathways by which mpox information exposure and perceptual processes influence vaccination intent through the perceived risk of contracting mpox among GBMSM in Beijing and Hong Kong.

METHODS

Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of mpox-unvaccinated GBMSM in Hong Kong (n=470) and Beijing (n=519), conducted between November 2023 and March 2024. Structural equation modeling was performed to estimate the direct and indirect effects, and multigroup structural equation modeling was used to estimate the effect measure modification by city.

RESULTS

Exposure to positive mpox information significantly enhanced perceived control and increased vaccination intention via a higher perceived risk for mpox in the following six months, particularly among participants in Hong Kong. Conversely, negative information increased threat perceptions, but did not consistently raise the perceived risk of contracting mpox. Differences between Beijing and Hong Kong participants were notable, with those in Beijing showing weaker associations between information exposure and perceived risk for mpox, despite higher levels of information exposure and the number of non-regular sex partners.

CONCLUSIONS

Positive information significantly boosts vaccination intent by increasing perceived control and risk perceptions, particularly where vaccination programs are accessible, as in Hong Kong. Tailored, stigma-free communication is crucial for improving vaccination uptake, especially in Mainland China, where subsidized vaccines are limited.