bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on closed-loop quality continuous improvement system of “internet of things perception technology”
Authors: Hu Zhijie , Ma Lihua , Han Yong
Published: August 2022

“Internet of Things Perception Technology” is a professional core course in the Internet of Things engineering department. It has many knowledge points, complex content. Therefore, Teaching is difficult. This paper studies the closed-loop quality continuous improvement system of “Internet of Things Perception Technology”, including course objectives, course content, student analysis, teaching methods, scores evaluation, evaluation analysis, improvement measures and revised course goals. This closed-loop quality continuous improvement system not only improves the comprehensive ability of students, but also has strong promotion value.
Bewegungstherapie bei Durchblutungsstörungen – Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Praxistipps
Authors: Aumüller Robert
Published: August 2022

Die umgangssprachlich genannten „Durchblutungsstörungen“ stehen in Deutschland an erster Stelle der Krankheiten und betreffen das Herz selbst sowie das arterielle und venöse Gefäßsystem. Vor allem die Arteriosklerose führt zu koronarer Herzerkrankung, Schlaganfall und peripherer arterieller Verschlusskrankheit. Zur Thromboseprophylaxe, Erhalt der Funktion, Besserung der Symptome, Leistungssteigerung und Verhinderung des Fortschreitens der Erkrankung kann bei den betroffenen Patientinnen und Patienten bewegungstherapeutische Physiotherapie angewendet werden. Je nach Schwere und Lokalisation der Krankheit stehen verschiedene therapeutische Optionen des Bewegungstrainings zur Verfügung. Diese reichen von leichtem Gehtraining über Mobilisation bis hin zum aktiven Gefäßtraining und Ausdauerbeanspruchung. Der Beitrag stellt die gängigen Krankheitsbilder sowie verschiedene Übungen dazu vor.
Auswirkungen der Arthrodese eines einzelnen Mittelgelenkes von
Zeige-, Mittel- oder Ringfinger auf Hand- und Fingerkraft sowie auf die
Druckverteilung der Hand
Authors: Dimitrova Polina , Reger Angela , Prommersberger Karl-Josef , van Schoonhoven Jörg , Mühldorfer-Fodor Marion
Published: August 2022

Hintergrund Durch die funktionelle Kopplung der Fingergelenke
untereinander und den Quadriga-Effekt ist ein verändertes Greifmuster
und damit auch eine veränderte Kraftverteilung der Hand nach
Mittelgelenksversteifung zu vermuten.

Patienten und Methoden Zehn Patienten mit isolierter Arthrodese eines
Mittelgelenkes (PIP) aufgrund einer posttraumatischen Arthrose (4×PIP
II, 4×PIP III, 2×PIP IV) wurden im Mittel 59 (17–121)
Monate postoperativ untersucht. Der Arthrodesenwinkel wurde auf den
Röntgenbildern bestimmt. Die Kraft und die Druckverteilung beider
Hände wurden mittels Manugraphie mit drei Zylindergrößen
gemessen und die Kraft der Hände, einzelner Finger und Fingerglieder
miteinander verglichen.

Ergebnisse Die durchschnittliche Gesamtkraft der betroffenen Seite betrug
beim kleinen Zylinder 74% (38–136%) der gesunden
Gegenseite, 104% (68–180%) beim mittleren Zylinder und
110% (69–240%) beim großen Zylinder.
Versteifungen des Zeigefingermittelgelenkes führten zur Minderung der
gesamten Handkraft auf 91% beim kleinen Zylinder, einer Steigerung auf
120% beim mittleren Zylinder und 139% beim großen
Zylinder. Die Gesamtkraft bei versteiftem PIP III betrug 56%,
88% und 91% für die drei Zylinder. Bei Arthrodese des
PIP IV ergaben sich 76%, 105% und 91%. Das
Kraftverteilungsmuster zeigte nach PIP-Arthrodese meist eine verminderte Kraft
des betroffenen Fingers, nur nach Versteifung des PIP II war die Kraft des
betroffenen Zeigefingers beim großen Zylinder größer als
auf der gesunden Seite. Des Weiteren waren die übrigen Finger der
betroffenen Hand kräftiger im Vergleich zur anderen Seite, was die
Steigerung der Gesamtkraft der betroffenen Hand vor allem am großen und
mittleren Zylinder gegenüber der gesunden Hand bewirkte. Die
Kraftverteilung an den einzelnen Fingergliedern zeigte eine Kraftminderung vor
allem des Mittelglieds, aber auch des Endglieds am versteiften Finger.

Schlussfolgerung Die Versteifung des Mittelgelenks führt fast
immer zur Kraftminderung des betroffenen Fingers am Mittel- und Endglied. Jedoch
wird die Gesamtkraft häufig durch eine vermehrte Kraft der
übrigen Finger ausgeglichen, bzw. übersteigt diese teilweise
auch die Kraft der gesunden Gegenseite. Beim Greifen kleinerer Umfänge
jedoch ist die Gesamtkraft nach Mittelgelenksarthrodese deutlich reduziert.
Endothelveränderungen durch Spike-Proteine durch Covid-Erkrankung oder -Impfung?
Authors: Steen Henning , Wiechert Dirk
Published: August 2022

Das Spike-Protein des SARS-CoV-2 ist über den ACE2-Rezeptor der Schlüssel des Virus zum Eintritt in die Zelle. Im Rahmen der Vektor- und mRNA-Impfung wird das Spike-Protein auf der Oberfläche der Zelle exprimiert, die die Impfinformation abliest. Der Impfstoff ist so konstruiert, dass er grundsätzlich jede Zelle befallen kann und keineswegs nur an der Injektionsstelle verbleibt. Somit können auch Zellen der Blutgefäße betroffen sein und hier speziell die Endothelzellen. Der Beitrag zeigt erste Ergebnisse aus der Praxis und gibt Anweisungen zur Dokumentation und zur Therapie des Beschwerdeverlaufs bei Patienten.
Integrative Medizin als Wegweiser für Klimaschutz?
Authors: Schwartz Carmen , Bär Maurizio , Jansen Ele , Grah Christian
Published: August 2022

Das Gesundheitswesen steht vor der Aufgabe,Antworten auf die Herausforderungender Klimakrise zu finden und ins Handeln zukommen. Dabei geht es sowohl um die Anpassungan klimabedingte Gesundheitsgefahrenals auch um die Reduktion des ökologischenFußabdrucks des Gesundheitswesensselbst. Immer deutlicher zeigt sich:Klimaschutz ist kein Luxus, sondern eineNotwendigkeit für eine gute Gesundheitsversorgung.Insbesondere die integrativeMedizin hat hier großes Potenzial, eine Vorreiterrollezu spielen und wegweisendeSchritte auf dem Weg Richtung klimagerechtesGesundheitswesen einzuleiten. DasKonzept des Planetary Health sowie Beispieleaus der Praxis werden in diesem Artikelvorgestellt, um potenzielle Anknüpfungspunktezwischen integrativer Medizin undKlimaschutz aufzuzeigen.
Klimawandel und Gesundheit: Auswirkungen und Anpassungsmöglichkeiten
Authors: Mertes Hanna
Published: August 2022

Hitze, verminderte Luftqualität, erhöhtes Allergiepotenzial: Der Klimawandel beeinträchtigt die Gesundheit der Menschen auf vielfältige Weise. Vulnerable Gruppen wie ältere Menschen, Schwangere, Kinder und Vorerkrankte, aber auch Menschen mit niedrigem sozioökonomischen Status sind von seinen Auswirkungen besonders stark betroffen. Neben körperlichen Effekten beeinflusst der Klimawandel zusätzlich die mentale Gesundheit. Klimaschutz ist daher auch Gesundheitsschutz. Anpassungen in der individuellen und gesellschaftlichen Lebens- und Wirtschaftsweise sowie innerhalb des Gesundheitssystems haben das Potenzial, diese Auswirkungen abzufedern.
Sommer, Sonne, Hitzenotfall
Authors: Naß Daniela , Bauderer Edgar
Published: August 2022

Einige Sommer der letzten Jahre gehörten zu den heißesten seit Beginn der Temperaturaufzeichnung. Die Klimaveränderung hat nicht nur Auswirkungen auf das Wetter, die Flora und Fauna, sondern auch auf den Rettungsdienst: Die Zahl der Hitzenotfälle steigt 1. Viele Retter unterschätzen Sonnenstich, Hitzschlag und Co., dabei kann es zu teils lebensgefährlichen Komplikationen kommen.
Approaches to the Total Synthesis of Conduramines: A Review
Authors: Bharathkumar Hanumantharayappa , Krishna Jattuboyina Siva , Batchu Venkateswara Rao , Surender Banothu
Published: August 2022

This review reports on the total synthesis of conduramines, which are formally derived from conduritols, mainly containing a trihydroxy aminocyclohexene core. Analysis of the different strategies developed to prepare these aminocyclohexene triols and their derivatives has been carried out with special attention paid to the methods employed for the insertion of the chiral amine moiety.
Applicability, Safety, and Efficiency of Salpingectomy versus Electrocoagulation and Laparoscopic Tubal Section in Ambulatory
Authors: Pereira Joana Margarida Araújo , Trocado Vera Filipa Batista , Gomes Sandra Marina Sousa , Carlos-Alves Mariana , Carvalho Agostinho , Pinheiro Paula Alexandra
Published: August 2022

Objective Female sterilization is a surgical procedure that aims women to permanently stop the use of conception. The benefits, risks and cost-effectiveness are important issues. The purpose of this study was comparing the applicability, complications and efficacy of salpingectomy versus electrocoagulation and tubal occlusion by laparoscopy in the Ambulatory Surgery Unit.

Methods We performed a retrospective and observational study that included women undergoing laparoscopic sterilization procedures at our Ambulatory Surgery Unit, during three years. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, applying the Fisher exact test, the Mann-Whitney test, and Linear Regression.

Results Two hundred and twenty-one laparoscopic surgical procedures were performed, including 79 (35.7%) bilateral total salpingectomies and 142 (64.3%) electrocoagulation and bilateral tubal occlusion procedures. The majority of the procedures were performed by a resident (n = 162; 73.3%), with 40% (n = 33) of salpingectomies. The surgical time, independently the type of surgeon, was significantly shorter in the tubal occlusion (42.2 vs. 52.7 min, p < 0.001). Safety and efficacy endpoints were not significantly different between the two groups, with a case of pregnancy in tubal occlusion group.

Conclusion Salpingectomy is a safe and effective alternative comparing with electrocoagulation and tubal occlusion.
Making the world observable and accountable: An ethnomethodological inquiry into the distinction between illustration and exhaustion
Authors: Yu-cheng Liu
Published: August 2022

This article explores the connection between two fields, artificial intelligence (AI) and transhumanist posthumanism. In linking them, the author proposes a distinction of "exhaustion/illustration" to extend various discussions of to what extent AI can learn from human intelligence (HI) and vice versa. Ethnomethodology, whose aim is to study how social members make social settings “observable and accountable”, may contribute to our understanding of how, if possible, AI makes its accountings and accounting practices “observable and accountable”. Through the lens of ethnomethodology, the distinction will be demonstrated as two logics of approaching and understanding the world. In the beginning, the logic of illustration, belonging to the human mind, creates distance between humans and their world to make things understandable, with no regard to how things can be truly represented or not. Later in the history of scientific and technological development, especially in pursuing exactness, steadiness, and predictability, the logic of exhaustion has been gradually developed to eliminate distance through formalizing almost everything, resulting in a situation in which humans and machines imitate each other and become intertwined. In rejecting the grand narratives as post-modernists stated, what comes after has been to be another narrative occupied by the logic of exhaustion. It is this narrative that has penetrated daily life and becomes omnipresent. Humanities can be endangered by internalizing the logic and the relationships between humans and machines cannot be appropriately evaluated if the logic of illustration has been kept overlooked.
Career path support for special needs students with social, emotional, and behavioural difficulties in middle school in Japan: a qualitative study
Authors: Fujino Haruo , Sato Norika
Published: August 2022

Emotional and behavioural problems have marked adverse effects on school engagement and student performance. While previous studies have investigated the transition from primary to secondary school, middle to high-school transitions are not well-documented. Therefore, this qualitative study focuses on teachers charged with special needs classes in middle schools to identify their difficulties in supporting the career decisions of students with social, emotional, and behavioural difficulties. The study participants consisted of 18 teachers from special needs classes in Japanese middle schools. We identified three themes concerning teachers’ experiences: difficulties in determining students’ future trajectories, difficulties in collaborating with stakeholders, and teachers’ considerations of what is important. The findings suggest that the stigmas associated with social, emotional, and behavioural difficulties interfere career path choices of such students. Therefore, future studies about these students are essential for supporting career path-related decision-making among the teachers, students, and parents.
Mechanoimmunology: Are inflammatory epigenetic states of macrophages tuned by biophysical factors?
Authors: Jain Nikhil , Lord Janet M. , Vogel Viola
Published: August 2022

Many inflammatory diseases that are responsible for a majority of deaths are still uncurable, in part as the underpinning pathomechanisms and how to combat them is still poorly understood. Tissue-resident macrophages play pivotal roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, but if they gradually convert to proinflammatory phenotypes, or if blood-born proinflammatory macrophages persist long-term after activation, they contribute to chronic inflammation and fibrosis. While biochemical factors and how they regulate the inflammatory transcriptional response of macrophages have been at the forefront of research to identify targets for therapeutic interventions, evidence is increasing that physical factors also tune the macrophage phenotype. Recently, several mechanisms have emerged as to how physical factors impact the mechanobiology of macrophages, from the nuclear translocation of transcription factors to epigenetic modifications, perhaps even DNA methylation. Insight into the mechanobiology of macrophages and associated epigenetic modifications will deliver novel therapeutic options going forward, particularly in the context of increased inflammation with advancing age and age-related diseases. We review here how biophysical factors can co-regulate pro-inflammatory gene expression and epigenetic modifications and identify knowledge gaps that require urgent attention if this therapeutic potential is to be realized.
Forward volume magnetoacoustic spin wave excitation with micron-scale spatial resolution
Authors: Küß M. , Porrati F. , Hörner A. , Weiler M. , Albrecht M. , Huth M. , Wixforth A.
Published: August 2022

The interaction between surface acoustic waves (SAWs) and spin waves (SWs) in a piezoelectric-magnetic thin film heterostructure yields potential for the realization of novel microwave devices and applications in magnonics. In the present work, we characterize magnetoacoustic waves in three adjacent magnetic micro-stripes made from CoFe + Ga, CoFe, and CoFe + Pt with a single pair of tapered interdigital transducers (TIDTs). The magnetic micro-stripes were deposited by focused electron beam-induced deposition and focused ion beam-induced deposition direct-writing techniques. The transmission characteristics of the TIDTs are leveraged to selectively address the individual micro-stripes. Here, the external magnetic field is continuously rotated out of the plane of the magnetic thin film and the forward volume SW geometry is probed with the external magnetic field along the film normal. Our experimental findings are well explained by an extended phenomenological model based on a modified Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert approach that considers SWs with nonzero wave vectors. Magnetoelastic excitation of forward volume SWs is possible because of the vertical shear strain ɛxz of the Rayleigh-type SAW.
Greater glider (Petauroides volans) den tree and hollow characteristics
Authors: Hofman Maaike , Gracanin Ana , Mikac Katarina M.
Published: August 2022

Hollow-bearing trees provide essential habitat for a range of threatened Australian wildlife species. Limited data exist for the hollow choice of greater gliders (Petauroides volans). This study aimed to provide the first comprehensive overview of the dimensions and characteristics of the den trees and hollows used by greater gliders, in the context of an endangered population. Through spotlighting and stag-watching, we identified 68 greater glider hollows in 54 den trees. When compared to reference hollows, greater gliders appeared to be preferentially choosing dens based on tree species, tree diameter at breast height (DBH), hollow type, hollow height and hollow depth. The aspect, entrance diameter, and cavity wall thickness of hollows did not appear to be influencing den choice, when compared to reference hollows. Greater gliders preferred to den in blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis) trees with a mean DBH of 114.1 cm (±4.3 cm). Hollows were most commonly a ‘branch end’ type of hollow. Mean depth of hollows was 252 cm (±12 cm). Mean hollow height was 15.4 m (±0.4 m). While not significant, hollows had a mean minimum hollow entrance of 18.1 cm (±0.6 cm) and a mean maximum cavity wall thickness of 8.0 cm (±0.7 cm). It is likely that hollow depth contributes to temperature buffering within dens, which is important for den choice as greater gliders are highly sensitive to hot temperatures. Our findings have important conservation implications for assessing den trees, and for improving designs of nest boxes and artificial cavities.
Increasing levels of microalga supplementation in diet on
Authors: Say Murat , Büyükkılıç Beyzi Selma
Published: August 2022

Context In recent years, microalgae have been used in the diet to improve the quality of animal products due to their oil content and quality, but determining the optimum dose is very important to prevent some fermentation and economic losses in animal production. Aims The study investigated the effects of microalga (DHA-gold) supplementation in the diet at different levels in in vitro ruminal biohydrogenation and fermentation. Methods The treatments were control (no additional oil, forage:concentrate ratio 60:40 on a dry-matter (DM) basis) or the addition of 1%, 2%, and 3% of microalga in the diet on a DM basis. Four rumen-cannulated goats were used as donors for the in vitro experiment. The treatments were incubated using a batch culture technique, and the fatty acid profile and fermentation parameters were determined after 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. Key results Total conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-11 C18:1 fatty acids increased with supplementation of microalgae. The 24-h biohydrogenation rate of unsaturated fatty acids varied between 61% and 98%. In addition, the highest CLA content was obtained from the 3% algae group. Biohydrogenation of C18:3, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) fatty acids was decreased with the 2% microalga supplementation. The microalga supplementation had no effect on ruminal pH, ruminal acetate, propionate, and butyrate proportions, or the acetate:propionate ratio. Conclusion Under the current in vitro study conditions, 2% microalga supplementation to diet increased the ruminal biohydrogenation intermediate products, such as total CLA and trans-11 C18:1 fatty acid and decreased the ruminal biohydrogenation ratio of n-3 fatty acids (C18:3, EPA, and DHA). Implications Increasing the bioactive and beneficial fatty acids (e.g. CLAs) that are absorbed in the rumen by ruminants and then transferred to animal products (meat, milk) is important. From the results of this in vitro study, dietary microalga increased the ruminal CLA, C18:3, EPA, and DHA concentrations. However, dietary fat level should be evaluated in terms of improving an animal’s performance (growth rate, digestibility, milk yield, carcass, and milk quality).
Phylogenetic, structural, functional characterisation and effect of exogenous spermidine on rice (
Authors: Saha Jayita , Chaudhuri Dwaipayan , Kundu Anirban , Bhattacharya Saswati , Roy Sudipta , Giri Kalyan
Published: August 2022

The HAK (High-affinity K+) family members mediate K+ transport that confers normal plant growth and resistance against unfavourable environmental conditions. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) HAK transporters have been extensively investigated for phylogenetic analyses with other plants species with very few of them functionally characterised. But very little information is known about their evolutionary aspects, overall structural, functional characterisation, and global expression pattern of the complete HAK family members in response to salt stress. In this study, 27 rice transporters were phylogenetically clustered with different dicot and monocot family members. Subsequently, the exon–intron structural patterns, conserved motif analyses, evolutionary divergence based different substitution matrix, orthologous-paralogous relationships were studied elaborately. Structural characterisations included a comparative study of secondary and tertiary structure, post-translational modifications, correspondence analyses, normal mode analyses, K+/Na+ binding affinities of each of the OsHAK gene members. Global expression profile under salt stress showed clade-specific expression pattern of the proteins. Additionally, five OsHAK genes were chosen for further expression analyses in root and shoot tissues of two rice varieties during short-term salinity in the presence and absence of exogenous spermidine. All the information can be used as first-hand data for dissecting the administrative role of rice HAK transporters under various abiotic stresses.
An analysis of tomistoma (
Authors: Sideleau Brandon , Staniewicz Agata , Syah Murian , Shaney Kyle J.
Published: August 2022

Context Increasing human–crocodile conflict (HCC) is a major conservation and management issue. Although three species are responsible for most attacks, on occasion, some slender-snouted species, such as tomistoma (Tomistoma schlegelii), are also implicated. Aims To analyse reports of confirmed and suspected attacks on humans by tomistoma and explore potential causes and solutions. Methods Reports of attacks were collected for the CrocBITE project from January 2010 to December 2019, utilising media reports and communication with local authorities. Attack trends, including outcome, victim demographics and activities, geographic location, and other details were analysed. Key results We recorded 31 attacks, including 10 deaths, where the culprit species was confirmed or strongly suspected to be a tomistoma. The Jambi province of Sumatra was the site of most attacks and most victims were male and fishing at the time. In addition, most attacks were reported during the 3-year period from 2016 to 2018. Conclusions On rare occasions, tomistoma prey upon humans. Certain anthropogenic factors may be altering tomistoma behaviour and contributing to increased conflict. Implications Tomistoma were recently up listed from Vulnerable to Endangered on the IUCN Red List and this conflict is yet another threat facing the species, alongside the destruction habitat.
Effects of putrescine on the quality and epigenetic modification of mouse oocytes during
Authors: Shi Chennan , Yan Zhengjie , Zhang Yuexin , Qin Lianju , Wu Wei , Gao Chao , Gao Li , Liu Jiayin , Cui Yugui
Published: August 2022

Context Low ovarian putrescine levels and decreased peak values following luteinising hormone peaks are related to poor oocyte quantity and quality in ageing women. Aims To investigate the effects of putrescine supplementation in in vitro maturation (IVM) medium on oocyte quality and epigenetic modification. Methods Germinal vesicle oocytes retrieved from the ovaries of 8-week-old and 9-month-old mice were divided into four groups (the young, young + difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), ageing and ageing + putrescine groups) and cultured in IVM medium with or without 1 mM putrescine or DFMO for 16 h. The first polar body extrusion (PBE), cleavage and embryonic development were evaluated. Spindles, chromosomes, mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. The expression levels of SIRT1, H3K9ac, H3K9me2, H3K9me3, and 5mC levels were evaluated. Sirt1 and imprinted genes were detected. Results The PBE was higher in the ageing + putrescine group than in the ageing group. Putrescine increased the total and inner cell mass cell numbers of blastocysts in ageing oocytes. Putrescine decreased aberrant spindles and chromosome aneuploidy, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased ROS levels. Putrescine increased SIRT1 expression and attenuated the upregulation of H3K9ac levels in ageing oocytes. Putrescine did not affect 5mC, H3K9me2 or H3K9me3 levels or imprinted gene expression. Conclusions Putrescine supplementation during IVM improved the maturation and quality of ageing oocytes and promoted embryonic development by decreasing ROS generation, maintaining mitochondrial and spindle function and correcting aberrant epigenetic modification. Implications Putrescine shows application potential for human-assisted reproduction, especially for IVM of oocytes from ageing women.
Estimating visitor preferences for recreation sites in wildfire prone areas
Authors: Tanner Sophia , Lupi Frank , Garnache Cloé
Published: August 2022

Development into the wildland–urban interface, combined with heat and drought, contribute to increasing wildfires in the U.S. West and a range of damages including recreation site closures and longer-term effects on recreation areas. A choice experiment survey is used to estimate visitor preferences for vegetation and the effects of past fire at recreation sites. Intercept interviews are used to randomly select visitors at national forest sites near Los Angeles. The choice model results reveal that recreation sites with waterbodies and sites with tree cover, instead of shrubs or barren areas, are highly desirable, while evidence of past fires decreases the value of a site. We find the effects of past fire depend on vegetation type, fire intensity and time since the fire ended. Older forest fires and shrub fires are undesirable, but forest fires that reach the crowns of trees are least desirable. The findings add to evidence that fire damage to recreation areas extends beyond closures and depends on vegetation, which can inform the allocation of firefighting and prevention resources.
Mitochondrial outer membrane protein FUNDC2 promotes ferroptosis and contributes to doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ta Na , Qu Chuanren , Wu Hao , Zhang Di , Sun Tiantian , Li Yanjun , Wang Jun , Wang Xiaohui , Tang Tieshan , Chen Quan , Liu Lei
Published: August 2022

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed necrosis characterized by glutathione (GSH) depletion and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Armed with both the pro- and antiferroptosis machineries, mitochondria play a central role in ferroptosis. However, how mitochondria sense the stress to activate ferroptosis under (patho-)physiological settings remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that FUN14 domain–containing 2, also known as HCBP6 (FUNDC2), a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial outer membrane protein, regulates ferroptosis and contributes to doxorubicin (DOX)–induced cardiomyopathy. We showed that knockout of FUNDC2 protected mice from DOX-induced cardiac injury by preventing ferroptosis. Mechanistic studies reveal that FUNDC2 interacts with SLC25A11, the mitochondrial glutathione transporter, to regulate mitoGSH levels. Specifically, knockdown of SLC25A11 in FUNDC2-knockout (KO) cells reduced mitoGSH and augmented erasin-induced ferroptosis. FUNDC2 also affected the stability of both SLC25A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), key regulators for ferroptosis. Our results demonstrate that FUNDC2 modulates ferroptotic stress via regulating mitoGSH and further support a therapeutic strategy of cardioprotection by preventing mitoGSH depletion and ferroptosis.
Cholesterol inhibits human voltage-gated proton channel hHv1
Authors: Han Shuo , Chu Xiang-Ping , Goodson Ryan , Gamel Prae , Peng Sophia , Vance Joshua , Wang Shizhen
Published: August 2022

Although human sperm is morphologically mature in the epididymis, it cannot fertilize eggs before capacitation. Cholesterol efflux from the sperm plasma membrane is a key molecular event essential for cytoplasmic alkalinization and hyperactivation, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The human voltage-gated proton (hHv1) channel functions as an acid extruder to regulate intracellular pHs of many cell types, including sperm. Aside from voltage and pH, Hv channels are also regulated by distinct ligands, such as Zn
2+
and albumin. In the present work, we identified cholesterol as an inhibitory ligand of the hHv1 channel and further investigated the underlying mechanism using the single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) approach. Our results indicated that cholesterol inhibits the hHv1 channel by stabilizing the voltage-sensing S4 segment at resting conformations, a similar mechanism also utilized by Zn
2+
. Our results suggested that the S4 segment is the central gating machinery in the hHv1 channel, on which voltage and distinct ligands are converged to regulate channel function. Identification of membrane cholesterol as an inhibitory ligand provides a mechanism by which the hHv1 channel regulates fertilization by linking the cholesterol efflux with cytoplasmic alkalinization, a change that triggers calcium influx through the CatSper channel. These events finally lead to hyperactivation, a remarkable change in the mobility pattern indicating fertilization competence of human sperm.
Defensive symbiosis against giant viruses in amoebae
Authors: Arthofer Patrick , Delafont Vincent , Willemsen Anouk , Panhölzl Florian , Horn Matthias
Published: August 2022

Protists are important regulators of microbial communities and key components in food webs with impact on nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning. In turn, their activity is shaped by diverse intracellular parasites, including bacterial symbionts and viruses. Yet, bacteria–virus interactions within protists are poorly understood. Here, we studied the role of bacterial symbionts of free-living amoebae in the establishment of infections with nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (Nucleocytoviricota). To investigate these interactions in a system that would also be relevant in nature, we first isolated and characterized a giant virus (Viennavirus, family Marseilleviridae) and a sympatric potential
Acanthamoeba
host infected with bacterial symbionts. Subsequently, coinfection experiments were carried out, using the fresh environmental isolates as well as additional amoeba laboratory strains. Employing fluorescence in situ hybridization and qPCR, we show that the bacterial symbiont, identified as
Parachlamydia acanthamoebae
, represses the replication of the sympatric Viennavirus in both recent environmental isolates as well as
Acanthamoeba
laboratory strains. In the presence of the symbiont, virions are still taken up, but viral factory maturation is inhibited, leading to survival of the amoeba host. The symbiont also suppressed the replication of the more complex
Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus
and
Tupanvirus deep ocean
(Mimiviridae). Our work provides an example of an intracellular bacterial symbiont protecting a protist host against virus infections. The impact of virus–symbiont interactions on microbial population dynamics and eventually ecosystem processes requires further attention.
Additive genetic effects in interacting species jointly determine the outcome of caterpillar herbivory
Authors: Gompert Zachariah , Saley Tara , Philbin Casey , Yoon Su’ad A. , Perry Eva , Sneck Michelle E. , Harrison Joshua G. , Buerkle C. Alex , Fordyce James A. , Nice Chris C. , Dodson Craig D. , Lebeis Sarah L. , Lucas Lauren K. , Forister Matthew L.
Published: August 2022

Plant–insect interactions are common and important in basic and applied biology. Trait and genetic variation can affect the outcome and evolution of these interactions, but the relative contributions of plant and insect genetic variation and how these interact remain unclear and are rarely subject to assessment in the same experimental context. Here, we address this knowledge gap using a recent host-range expansion onto alfalfa by the Melissa blue butterfly. Common garden rearing experiments and genomic data show that caterpillar performance depends on plant and insect genetic variation, with insect genetics contributing to performance earlier in development and plant genetics later. Our models of performance based on caterpillar genetics retained predictive power when applied to a second common garden. Much of the plant genetic effect could be explained by heritable variation in plant phytochemicals, especially saponins, peptides, and phosphatidyl cholines, providing a possible mechanistic understanding of variation in the species interaction. We find evidence of polygenic, mostly additive effects within and between species, with consistent effects of plant genotype on growth and development across multiple butterfly species. Our results inform theories of plant–insect coevolution and the evolution of diet breadth in herbivorous insects and other host-specific parasites.
Keywords through time
Authors: Clarke Isobelle , Brookes Gavin , McEnery Tony
Published: August 2022

This paper applies a new approach to the identification of discourses, based on Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), to the study of discourse variation over time. The MCA approach to keywords deals with a major issue with the use of keywords to identify discourses: the allocation of individual keywords to multiple discourses. Yet, as this paper demonstrates, the approach also allows us to observe variation in the prevalence of discourses over time. The MCA approach to keywords allows the allocation of individual texts to multiple discourses based on patterns of keyword co-occurrence. Metadata in the corpus data analysed (here, UK newspaper articles about Islam) can then be used to map those discourses over time, resulting in a clear view of how the discourses vary relative to one another as time progresses. The paper argues that the drivers for these fluctuations are language external; the real-world events reported on in the newspapers.
Reward Sensitivity and Hazardous Alcohol Consumption in Women: The Parallel Mediation Effect of Self-Control and Impulsivity Traits
Authors: Martín-Pérez Cristina , Vergara-Moragues Esperanza , Fernández-Muñoz Juan José , García-González Juan Manuel , García-Moreno Luis Miguel
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Little research has been carried out on the associations between several individual factors and hazardous alcohol use in women. The aim of this study was first, to study the relationship between reward sensitivity (RS) and alcohol use in both women with and without hazardous drinking separately. Second, to explore the potential mediating roles of the impulsivity and self-control traits in this relationship. Method: The study was analytical and cross-sectional and included 645 female participants (mean age = 19.14; standard deviation (SD)=1.60). All women were divided into two groups (286, 44.3%, with hazardous drinking, HDW; and 359, 55.7%, with light drinking, LDW). Correlation analyses were carried out to explore the associations between the variables, and parallel mediation analyses were performed to investigate the potential mediating roles of impulsivity and self-control in the RS-alcohol use associations in each group separately. Results: A significant association was observed between RS and alcohol use in HDW, contrary to that observed in their counterparts. In addition, both higher impulsivity and less self-control mediated the association between RS and alcohol use only in HDW. Conclusions: Impulsivity and self-control differently affect alcohol use under the condition of high reward sensitivity, only in HDW, suggesting alterations of the dual top-down and bottom-up mechanisms and a possible imbalance between the competing reflexive and impulsive brain systems. More research is needed regarding the individual factors that affect women's drinking to develop sensitive measures for the assessment of alcohol use and more efficient interventions for women.
Thermal Analysis of the Backup Structure of the Tianma Telescope
Authors: Fu Li , Yu Lin-Feng , Tang Jian-Sen , Yang Bing-En , Gou Wei , Wang Jin-Qing , Liu Qing-Hui , Shen Zhi-Qiang
Published: August 2022

Taking the Tianma Radio Telescope (TMRT) as an object, this paper focuses on the determination of temperature gradients and thermal deformations of the backup structure (BUS) with the finite element method. To this end, a modeling and analysis method, which consists of a simplified FEM and a four-component simulation process, is proposed. In the development, only solar radiation is considered and thermal convection is neglected. Based on the thermal time constant of the BUS, the simulations of temperature gradients are simplified as static analysis. The superposed temperature gradients agree well with the ones measured by thermometers with a 0.57°C root mean square (rms) error. In addition, the illuminated-weighted rms errors of the primary reflector surface calculated by the simulation and measured by the extended out-of-focus holography are in good agreement. The rms error increases approximately 170 μm when the Sun persistently illuminated the BUS for 3 hr. The optimized initial temperature of the antenna structure is 20°C by comparing the results between the finite element analysis and the e-OOF measurement. The thermal deformation database can support the real-time compensation of the active surface system if the traces of the radio telescope are known in advance.
Spectral and Timing Analysis of the Black Hole Transient MAXI J1631–479 During its 2019 Outburst Observed with Insight-HXMT
Authors: Fu Yu-Cong , Song L. M. , Ding G. Q. , Zhang S. N. , Qu J. L. , Zhang S. , Zhang L. , Bu Q. C. , Huang Y. , Ma X. , Yang Z. X. , Tuo Y. L. , Lu X. F. , Zhou D. K. , Wu B. Y. , Li T. M. , Xu Y. C.
Published: August 2022

We report spectral and timing analysis of the black hole transient MAXI J1631–479 during the hard intermediate state of its 2019 outburst from the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) observations. We find that the energy dependence of the type-C quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency evolves with time: during the initial rise of a small flare (∼MJD 58526.0-58527.1), the QPO frequency increases with increasing energy from ∼1 to ∼100 keV, and then the frequency remains constant after MJD 58527.1. We discover a possible new phenomenon of Fe line’s QPO frequency jump that has never been observed for other black hole transients: during the small flare, the QPO frequency around the Fe line energy is higher than any other energy band, with the frequency difference Δf = 0.25 ± 0.08 Hz between 5.5–7.5 keV and other energy bands. The spectral analysis shows that the evolution of QPOs is related to the equivalent width of the narrow Fe line, and its equivalent width increases during this small flare. We propose that the QPO frequency difference results from the differential precession of a vertically extended jet, and the higher QPO frequency of Fe line could be caused by the layered jet when the jet scale increases. At the same time, the evolution of QPOs is related to the accretion rate, while the energy dependence of QPOs supports the existence of deceleration in the vertically distributed jet.
CFD Simulation of Bubbling Process in Nitric Acid Solution in a Bubble Column
Authors: Tang Ruishu , Cui Chang , Li Dagang , Zhang Dongxiang , Xu Xiyan , Li Jinying
Published: August 2022

Bubble column is a commonly used multiphase reactor. Owing to the complicated nature of its flow structure, computational fluid dynamics has frequently been used as a useful instrument for studying the fluid mechanics in a bubble column. However, most of the previously studied systems are air-water system, while air-nitric acid solution system is rarely reported. In the present study, the differences in bubble size distribution of pure water and 1 mol/L nitric acid in the bubble column were observed through experiments. The bubble size was found to be smaller than that in water when the liquid phase was nitric acid. According to the actual situation, the bubbling process of nitric acid solution was successfully simulated by adjusting the coalescence factor of the bubble coalescence model (deviation less than 10%). Meanwhile, it was observed by simulation that the axial time-averaged liquid velocity distribution in nitric acid solution was flatter than that in water under the same gas flow rate.
CFD Simulation of the Cavitation Behaviour in Single Jet Process via Outlet Pressure
Authors: Zhang Hao , Chai Xinjie , He Shihao , Qiu Facheng , Cheng Zhiliang
Published: August 2022

Cavitation effect is the most common phenomenon in the process of jet. In this work, the method of CFD numerical simulation is used to study the cavitation behaviour in the process of single hole jet. In order to obtain the mixing situation and change process of gaseous water and liquid water produced in the nozzle, the Euler multiphase flow model and the realizable k-epsilon model in the turbulence model are used. The simulation results show that the degree and frequency of liquid column breakage of cavitation water jet are far higher than those of ordinary water jet. And the structure of the nozzle also has the most ideal situation. When the nozzle inlet size is 20 mm, the nozzle diameter is 1 mm, and the nozzle length is 5 mm, which is most conducive to the growth and diffusion of cavitation bubbles. The cavitation effect increases with the increase of the inlet jet velocity, but the promotion effect does not increase significantly when the inlet velocity is greater than 2.5 m/s. From the perspective of energy consumption, the optimum velocity at this time is 2.5 m/s. And the pressure environment at the nozzle outlet also affects the cavitation phenomenon, mainly as follows: positive pressure can inhibit the cavitation effect, negative pressure can promote the cavitation effect, but the negative pressure has a limited effect on the degree of cavitation.
Design of Hydraulic System of Microcomputer Governor for Small Turbine
Authors: He Minchao , Hu Huali , Quan Hongwei , Liu Qibo , Chen Bingsen
Published: August 2022

Taking a power station as an example and according to the technical and performance requirements of the turbine governor in small rural hydropower stations, a hydraulic station with high oil pressure is designed by adopting a highly reliable general PLC as the control device and using standardized hydraulic components; Taking into account requirements for regulating performance under the conditions of automatic regulation, manual regulation and emergency shutdown, and the reliability requirements, the hydraulic control circuit with automatic adjustment, manual adjustment and emergency stop is designed to avoid possible problems of hydraulic system by taking effective measures. The product based on the design have been developed and put into production to meet the requirements of industry standard and its application with good effect can be further promoted.
Analysis and Calculation of Hydrodynamic Pressure on Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Zhao Xueying , Ma Baofu
Published: August 2022

Asphalt pavement has been used worldwide. However, exposed to the natural environment and under the application of repeated vehicle loads, a series of typical distresses develops especially water damage. In this paper, the hydrodynamic pressure of asphalt pavement was calculated based on momentum conservation laws and verified by the hydrodynamic pressure measured in the case study engineering Xinhe-Xinzhuangzi section of Rongwu highway in Shandong Province through univariate linear regression. It was found that calculation results of equations deduced in this paper and hydrodynamic pressure measured in the case study engineering follow univariate linear regression. Therefore, hydrodynamic pressure on asphalt pavement can be calculated through equations in this paper.
Preparation and Properties Research of Manganese Dioxide-polyaniline Electrode
Authors: Zuo X L , Yi Q , Gu K C , Yan H , Wang J , Shu J H
Published: August 2022

Hydrogen energy is the cleanest energy at present because its combustion product and no carbon emission. Electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is generally considered to be the most promising method to produce hydrogen in large quantities. But electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen is without the use of a catalyst. Manganese dioxide is an efficient and green catalyst. MnO2 dioxide-polyaniline electrode was prepared by CV method and CV/CA method respectively. The properties of dioxide-polyaniline were studied with the linear sweep cyclic voltammetry test, electrochemical impedance test and tafel slope test, and the results were compared with those of MnO2 electrode. It was found the MnO2 dioxide-polyaniline electrode properties were outstanding. It was further showed that performance of manganese dioxide-polyaniline electrode was superior by preparation of CV/CA with the testes of XPS and SEM and stability test.
Low Viscosity Polyurethane Modified Epoxy Resin Grouting for Steel Ring Reinforcement of Subway Tunnel
Authors: Huang Liang , Xiao Ming , Li Weilong , Bi Shuguang , Tang Jiagong , Luo Xianmeng , Ran Jianhua
Published: August 2022

Steel ring reinforcement technology is an effective method to eliminate the damage of tunnel structure caused by ground load, surrounding foundation pit and underground water source. The grouting material used to fill the gap between the tunnel segment and the steel ring should have the characteristics of low viscosity, high strength, rapid curing at room temperature and anti-subway vibration. In this work, a special polyurethane modified epoxy resin grouting was fabricated to overcome the inherent brittleness of epoxy resin, and was combined with the reactive diluent and the amine curing agent to suit the above applications. The results showed that both tensile and impact strength of epoxy resin grouting modified by polyurethane were improved obviously compared with those without modification, presenting an obvious toughening effect. Although the viscosity increased slightly, it can still meet the perfusion requirements of steel ring reinforcement of subway tunnels.
Data-Driven Analysis of Regional Water Resources Allocation Decision-Making
Authors: Chen X , Tu Y
Published: August 2022

Regional water allocation is of great importance to regional coordinated development. Therefore, this paper constructs a data-driven model for regional water allocation analysis to address the existing problems of the imbalance between water supply and demand, irrational utilization of water resources and water scarcity. Firstly, a classification of regional water allocation case is constructed through cluster analysis to obtain similar regions with the same salient characteristics. Then, the regions in the same category are divided into regions to be predicted and other regions, and the similarity of water resources allocation between regions to be predicted and other regions is calculated. The Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITC) method is used to calculate the weighted values of each index and forecast water demands of regions to be predicted. Finally, an example analysis of water allocation of each city in Hubei province in 2020 was carried out, and the results indicated that when the water allocation of each city in Hubei province was divided into 4 categories, the water allocation characteristics of different cities are presented. The relative errors of the predicted water demand do not exceed 5%, which is highly accurate and can provide decision support for rational water allocation.