bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Military Zones: A Remedy of Awakening Ankara from Urban Amnesia
Authors: Oztoprak Zelal , Çağlar Nur
Published: December 2021

El context històric d’Ankara és relativament complex a causa dels punts de ruptura de la seua història. En primer lloc, Ankara es va convertir en l’aparador de la recentment creada República Turca i es va dissenyar un nou centre urbà aïllat de l’antic per a representar la modernitat de la República. En segon lloc, amb el colp d’estat de 1980 i l’expansió de les zones militars, el nou centre de la ciutat es va expandir de manera imprevista i no planificada. Finalment, després de la temptativa colpista de 2016, es decideix reubicar les grans zones militars del centre de la ciutat en les perifèries. Aquest estudi assenyala la importància d’aquesta recent decisió en el paisatge històric d’Ankara i proposa que podria ser un potencial per a reparar la memòria urbana de la ciutat. A causa d’aquests canvis massius, Ankara ha perdut moltes de les seues referències històriques i la continuïtat de la memòria urbana. En aquest context, aquest article analitza a fons la reconstrucció de les zones militars en el centre de la ciutat, la seua presència històrica i les seues possibles interaccions amb les necessitats de la ciutat. Entendre aquestes zones com a potencials catalitzadors de la reparació del paisatge històric requereix desenvolupar una nova perspectiva, que abaste relacions complexes i veus múltiples. El pensament dialògic i polifònic engloba la multiplicitat, la relacionalitat, el caràcter incomplet i els actius històrics inherents a la ciutat.
La barraca valenciana. Història i recuperació d’una arquitectura resilient
Authors: Rosaleny Gamón Marcel·lí
Published: December 2021

La barraca valenciana constitueix un dels exemples vius d’arquitectura vernacla mediterrània. Al llarg de la història ha format part de la realitat social de l’entorn de la Comunitat Valenciana com a reflex dels seus habitants, dels seus oficis i de la seua forma d’entendre i explotar el territori. Si bé aquesta arquitectura va arribar a la seua màxima extensió al segle XIX, la barraca va començar a substituir-se al llarg del segle XX degut a nombrosos canvis socials i econòmics. En l’actualitat es conserven només un grapat d’exemples, una desaparició que s’explica principalment degut a la pèrdua d’ús. Tot i això, la capacitat resilient de l’arquitectura vernacla bé podria esdevenir una eina fonamental en la seua recuperació, aportant nous usos a la barraca que puguen assegurar la supervivència d’aquest patrimoni arquitectònic que conserva gran part del saber popular constructiu del poble valencià i que representa un exemple per al futur d’una arquitectura sostenible que és fruit del seu entorn i dels recursos existents.
Prefacio. Un nuevo ANUARI
Authors: Cabrera i Fausto Ivan
Published: December 2021

Té el lector a les seues mans el número 1 de la nova revista de recerca “ANUARI d’Arquitectura i Societat”, editada conjuntament per l’Editorial de la Universitat Politècnica de València i l’Agrupació Borrianenca de Cultura. El seu nom anuncia a la comunitat científica la publicació d’un únic número cada any. Però, fonamentalment, és un homenatge a una altra publicació, que ara conclou el seu periple, i de la que aquest nou ANUARI es declara orgullosa hereva.
Contesting Chineseness
Authors: Ang Sylvia
Published: December 2021

Nearly eleven million Chinese migrants live outside of China. While many of these faces of China’s globalization headed for the popular Western destinations of the United States, Australia and Canada, others have been lured by the booming Asian economies. Compared with pre-1949 Chinese migrants, most are wealthier, motivated by a variety of concerns beyond economic survival and loyal to the communist regime. The reception of new Chinese migrants, however, has been less than warm in some places. In Singapore, tensions between Singaporean-Chinese and new Chinese arrivals present a puzzle: why are there tensions between ethnic Chinese settlers and new Chinese arrivals despite similarities in phenotype, ancestry and customs? Drawing on rich empirical data from ethnography and digital ethnography, Contesting Chineseness: Nationality, Class, Gender and New Chinese Migrants investigates this puzzle and details how ethnic Chinese subjects negotiate their identities in an age of contemporary Chinese migration and China’s ascent.
Screening the Art World
Authors: Trifonova Temenuga , Manthorne Katherine , Felleman Susan , Peucker Brigitte , Pellerin Pierre-Antoine , O’Rawe Des , McKenna A. T. , McIver Gillian , Sprengler Christine , Dell’Aria Annie , Barber Bruce , Robertson Dr Kate , Jacobs Steven , Vandekerckhove Joséphine , Lloyd Kelly , Flynn Susan , Waard Marco
Published: December 2021

Screening the Art World explores the ways in which artists and the art world more generally have been represented in cinema. Contributors address a rarely explored subject – art in cinema, rather than the art of cinema – by considering films across genres, historical periods, and national cinemas in order to reflect on cinema's fluctuating imaginary of art and the art world. The book examines the intersection of art history with history in cinema; cinema’s simultaneous affirmation and denigration of the idea of art as "truth"; the dominant, often contradictory ways in which artists have been represented on screen; and cinematic representations of the art world's tenuous position between commercial good and cultural capital.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FLORÍSTICA E FITOSSOCIOLÓGICA DE DOIS FRAGMENTOS FLORESTAIS NO MUNICÍPIO DE ARARAQUARA - SP.
Authors: Santos Ariane Marieli dos , Marcondelli Ana Carolina Buzzo , Nardy Olavo
Published: December 2021

Introdução: O uso e ocupação do solo de forma superior a capacidade de regeneração do meio, vem ocasionando a intensificação das paisagens fragmentadas, resultando na disfunção dos processos ecossistêmicos. Levantamentos fitossociológicos, florísticos e estruturais de remanescentes auxiliam na análise horizontalizada e verticalizada da paisagem e compreensão do comportamento e potencialidade das espécies, contribuindo para elaboração de projetos de recuperação de áreas degradadas, de políticas públicas, distribuição e controle de recursos, entre outros. A necessidade de monitoramento e controle dos remanescentes e incentivo à conservação e preservação reforça a importância deste trabalho de fornecer ferramentas e dados para auxiliar na adequação dos planejamentos regionais e identificação de áreas potenciais de proteção ambiental. Objetivos: Diagnóstico de dois fragmentos da UGRHI-09 Mogi-Guaçu no município de Araraquara. Material e métodos: Foram amostrados dois fragmentos florestais ao norte do município. Em cada um, foram realizadas coletas florísticas nas bordas e em trilhas internas; definidas linhas para os Pontos-Quadrantes para fitossociologia (janeiro-junho/2021). As espécies e fragmentos foram qualificadas por síndrome de dispersão, estágio sucessional e fitofisionomia. Resultados: Foram registradas 58 espécies de 38 famílias, sendo Fabaceae a mais representativa, 10 espécies, e 31 famílias com apenas uma. Ambos os pontos apresentaram aproximadamente 40% de espécies pioneiras e 57% secundárias, maior porcentagem para zoocoria (67%; 60%). Também apresentaram mais espécies associadas a Cerrado e Floresta Estacional Semidecidual (63%; 57%), seguidas de espécies exclusivas de Cerrado (28%; 35%).Conclusão: Os pontos foram diagnosticados como áreas de transição entre Cerrado e Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, em estágio secundário de regeneração e com potencial de preservação devido alto índice de espécies raras e pioneiras, perfeitas para regeneração passiva do entorno e reflorestamento de outros locais através da produção de mudas. A manutenção dos estágios sucessionais é promovido pelas queimadas, mas, quando sob efeito de borda, a regeneração tem seu desempenho afetado ou interrompido. As funções específicas proporcionadas por cada fitofisionomia fazem necessárias a revisão de sistemas de classificação universais estruturais da vegetação, que excluem sua heterogeneidade, levando a erros de uso e distribuição de terras, planejamentos ambientais e aplicação de políticas públicas mal delineadas, resultando na intensificação dos impactos ambientais.
ATUALIZAÇÃO DA CATEGORIZAÇÃO DO RISCO DE EXTINÇÃO DA ESPÉCIE ANEMIA GARDNERI HOOK.
Authors: Jesus Lara Fabian Rodrigues de , Reis Daniel Oliveira , Fabricante Juliano Ricardo
Published: December 2021

Introdução: Endêmica da Mata Atlântica dos Estados do Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais e Rio de Janeiro, a espécie Anemia gardneri Hook. é uma erva rupícola ou terrícola da família Anemiaceae que está categorizada atualmente como “Vulnerável” pelo CNCflora. Devido à pressão antrópica que sofrem as suas localidades de ocorrência, torna-se necessário a revisão periódica do seu status de conservação. Objetivo: Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar a atualização da categorização do risco de extinção de A. gardneri para o Brasil. Material e Métodos: Para isso, foram coletados pontos de ocorrência georreferenciados da espécie nas bases de dados online GBIF e Specieslink. Após limpos e organizados, esses pontos foram exportados para o software Geospatial Cooonservation Assessment Tool (GeoCAT) e, seguindo o critério de Área de Ocupação (AOO) estabelecido pela IUCN, foi traçado um polígono, respeitando o princípio do mínimo polígono convexo. Este polígono ainda foi gradeado com células de 4 Km². Posteriormente cada célula com a presença da espécie foi contabilizada para obtenção de sua AOO. Resultados: Com uma AOO de 44 Km² e devido as condições de conservação das suas localidades de ocorrência (incêndios recorrentes, extração irregular de solo, supressão ilegal da vegetação e presença de espécies exóticas invasoras), a espécie Anemia gardneri teve sua categorização atualizada de “Vulnerável” para “Em Perigo” pelos critérios B2biiicii. Conclusão: Diante dos resultados obtidos, é possível concluir que Anemia gardneri apresenta risco acentuado de extinção caso as condições de conservação das suas localidades de ocorrência não sofram profundas mudanças. Adicionalmente, sugere-se a criação de projetos de conservação ex situ para a espécie.
A PERDA DE FLORESTA NA PAISAGEM MUDA A DINÂMICA DE SUNFLECKS EM FRAGMENTOS DE FLORESTA NO SUL DA BAHIA, BRASIL
Authors: Reis Igor Pires , Mielke Marcelo Schramm , Faria Deborah , Leal Adrielle , Santos Larissa Rocha
Published: December 2021

Introdução: A perda de habitat e a fragmentação florestal são processos que levam a alterações na composição florística dos remanescentes florestais, afetando diretamente a sobrevivência das árvores de grande porte, ou emergentes. Este aumento na mortalidade de árvores cria clareiras no dossel da floresta de diferentes tamanhos que, em última análise, determinam a radiação solar disponível no sub-bosque da floresta. A dinâmica de sunflecks, que é um proxy do regime de luz no sub-bosque, tem influência no ganho de carbono da vegetação do sub-bosque e no processo de regeneração e recrutamento de plântulas. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar como a perda de cobertura florestal em escala de paisagem afeta a ocorrência e a dimensão de clareiras no dossel florestal, usando a frequência e duração de sunflecks. Esperamos que paisagens com menor cobertura florestal tenham clareiras de maior tamanho e, consequentemente, apresentem mais sunflecks de longa duração. Por outro lado, paisagens mais florestadas, devem apresentar maior número de sunflecks de curta duração. Material e Métodos: Foram selecionados 18 fragmentos em um gradiente contínuo de perda de cobertura florestal, localizados nos municípios de Una e Belmonte no sul da Bahia. Foram estabelecidas parcelas de 100 x 50 m. Nessas parcelas foram obtidas 10 fotos hemisféricas. As fotografias hemisféricas foram obtidas utilizando uma câmera digital Nikon Coolpix 4300, equipada com uma lente (180º). As imagens foram analisadas utilizando-se o software Gap Light Analyzer (GLA). Os sunflecks foram divididos em 6 grupos de classes temporais diferentes: 2 > 4 min, 4 > 8 min, 8 > 16 min, 16 > 32 min, 32 > 64 min e = 64 min. Resultados: Evidenciamos que o desmatamento em escala de paisagem aumentou a frequência de todos os intervalos de sunflecks à partir de > 8 min, e particularmente os sunflecks de longa duração (> 32 min). Conclusão: Nós propomos que o aumento da frequência de sunflecks de tempos maiores reduz a adequação de habitats de algumas espécies vegetais tolerantes à sombra em fragmentos mais desmatados, sendo o sunfleck um mecanismo proximal potencial que contribui para mudanças na composição de árvores observadas em fragmentos florestais mais desmatados na paisagem.
ESPÉCIES BOTÂNICAS EXÓTICAS PRESENTES EM PARNAÍBA-PI
Authors: Carvalho Braulio Fernandes de , Barreto Gustavo Nogueira
Published: December 2021

Introdução: Parnaíba encontra-se no extremo norte piauiense, na Faixa Litorânea e na Zona da Mata, uma área de transição entre Cerrado e Caatinga, sob influência Amazônica e do Oceano Atlântico. O município tem 436.907 km2 e população estimada em 153.863 habitantes. Estão presentes várias fitofisionomias: praias, dunas, restingas, tabuleiros litorâneos, brejos e manguezais, associados a uma rica biodiversidade. Apesar disso, é comum encontrar árvores e palmeiras exóticas na composição urbana, muitas das quais apresentam boas adaptabilidade e alta capacidade de multiplicação, o que as torna potencialmente invasoras. Objetivos: Identificar arbustos, árvores e palmeiras exóticas em Parnaíba-PI. Material e métodos: Visitas de campo em amostras das fitofisionomias presentes, e nas principais avenidas da zona urbana, de março a setembro de 2021, associadas a estudo bibliográfico. Resultados: As espécies identificadas foram Nim (Azadirachta indica), Algaroba (Prosopis juliflora), Tamarindeiro (Tamarindus indica), Mangueira (Magnifera indica), Jamelão (Syzygium cumini), Moringa (Moringa oleifera), Casuarina (Casuarina equisetifolia), Casatanhola (Terminalia catappa), Tamareira (Phoenix dactylifera), Palmeira Imperial (Roystonea oleracea), Leucena (Leucaena leucocephala), Eucalipto (Eucalyptus sp.), Jambo-vermelho (Syzygium malaccensis), Coqueiro (Cocos nucifera), Chichá-fedorento (Sterculia foetida), Baobá (Adansonia digitata), Flamboyant (Delonix regia), Mamona (Ricinus communis), Algodão-de-seda (Calotropis procera) e Jaqueira (Artocapus heterophyllus). Conclusão: A substituição de plantas nativas por exóticas, além de uniformizar as paisagens e provocar alterações ecológicas e culturais, é uma das causas da perda de biodiversidade no mundo. O Nim possui azadiractina em seu pólen, tóxico para as abelhas, o que pode provocar alterações populacionais desses polinizadores e prejudicar a manutenção do ecossistema e produção agrícola. Assim como outras plantas exóticas, o Nim possui frutos atrativos para a fauna, o que faz com que seja disperso rapidamente, tornando-se invasor. Deve-se evitar o uso de plantas exóticas e focar no uso de plantas nativas, prezando pela variedade biológica e genética, para maximizar os serviços ecossistêmicos e a sucessão ecológica, além de criar memória afetiva com a população e um banco urbano de sementes nativas.
PREVALÊNCIA E DENSIDADE PARASITÁRIA DE ISOSPORA SPP. EM AVES SILVESTRES DA RPPN PORANGABA, ITAGUAÍ-RJ
Authors: Ferreira Carlos Nei Ortuzar , Melo Jennifer Oliveira , Andrade Lucas De Assis Silva , Berto Bruno Pereira
Published: December 2021

Introdução: Isospora Schneider, 1881 é um gênero de coccídio (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), notadamente reconhecido pelo seu parasitismo predominante na classe Aves, sendo muito comum na ordem Passeriformes. O endoparasitismo estabelecido nessa interação, por vezes, pode se tornar altamente deletério ao hospedeiro, principalmente quando associado a distúrbios ecológicos ambientais, como queimadas, confinamento das aves ou qualquer outra intervenção antrópica. Como consequência, as aves podem desenvolver a isosporose, doença decorrente do parasitismo exacerbado por esses coccídios, na qual os sintomas mais representativos são enterites com fortes episódios diarreicos. O diagnóstico pode ser realizado pela observação de oocistos nas fezes, estruturas exógenas de resistência ambiental desse parasito. Objetivo: Mensurar a prevalência de infecção natural presente nas populações de aves analisadas, bem como, estimar a densidade individual e média, por meio da quantificação de oocistos por defecação (OoPD) das amostras coproparasitológicas. Material e métodos: Foram conduzidas quatro coletas na RPPN Porangaba localizada no município de Itaguaí-RJ (22°48’29.83’’S; 43°49’38.77’’W), nas respectivas datas: 12/07/2018; 09/08/2018; 13/09/2018 e 11/10/2018. As aves foram capturadas por meio de redes de neblina e após a obtenção de amostras fecais, estas foram libertadas no mesmo local de captura. As amostras foram acondicionadas em tubos de ensaio contendo solução de dicromato de potássio (2,5%) e encaminhadas ao Laboratório Biologia de Coccídios da UFRRJ. Essas amostras foram então processadas pelo método de centrífugo-flutuação em solução de sacarose de Sheather, com a montagem de lâminas para observação em microscopia óptica. Para todas as amostras foi avaliada a presença ou ausência de oocistos, além de sua densidade nas amostras positivas, através da quantificação por OoPD. Resultados: Foram capturadas 26 aves silvestres, das quais 9 estavam positivas, correspondendo a uma prevalência geral de 34,6%. A densidade parasitária (OoPD) média foi de 21 oocistos. A espécie mais parasitada foi Coereba flaveola (Linnaeus, 1758) com OoPD médio de 142 oocistos. Conclusão: Por serem considerados biomarcadores, a densidade de coccídios pode servir como um excelente parâmetro para atestar a qualidade ambiental. As aves da RPPN Porangaba apresentaram uma prevalência moderada, porém, uma densidade parasitária baixa o que denota uma saúde ambiental do local analisado.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA SMA NEGERI 2 BOYOLALI MENGENAI SANKSI HUKUM BAGI PELAKU BALAP MOTOR LIAR
Authors: Mulyani Tri , Muryati Dewi Tuti
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe world of motorbike racing should be done professionally, but then it has developed into wild motor racing. Illegal motorbike racing is an event that is held without a permit which is often carried out in public places and this illegal motorbike racing activity is not carried out at all on official racing tracks, but on the highway. This illegal racing is a place to look for prestige among teenagers, as well as a place for gambling where every race is carried out there is always a bet money from hundreds of thousands to millions of rupiah, even causing casualties. Illegal motor racing actors can be subject to sanctions stipulated in Law No. 22/2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation and the Criminal Code, so that considering the importance of understanding legal sanctions for illegal motorbike racers, dedication is necessary. to the community in the form of Student Understanding of SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali. This service was carried out by way of lectures and direct questions and answers and evaluation by distributing questionnaires before and after the activity was carried out. The results of the dedication with the theme of understanding the law of the Boyolali 2 Public High School Students regarding sanctions for illegal motorbike racers showed an increase of 5.4%. Keywords: improvement; understanding; legal sanctions; students; wild motor racing AbstrakDunia balap motor seharusnya dilakukan secara profesional, namun kemudian berkembang menjadi balap motor liar. Balap motor liar merupakan suatu ajang yang diselenggarakan tanpa izin yang kerap kali dilakukan di tempat umum dan kegiatan balap motor liar ini sama sekali tidak dilakukan di lintasan balap resmi, melainkan di jalan raya. Balap liar ini menjadi ajang mencari gengsi antara remaja, juga sebagai wadah perjudian di mana setiap dilakukan balapan selalu ada uang taruhan dari ratusan ribu hingga jutaan rupiah, bahkan menimbulkan korban jiwa. Pelaku balap motor liar dapat dikenai sanksi yang diatur dalam Undang-undang RI Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan dan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, sehingga kiranya mengingat pentingnya pemahaman mengenai sanksi hukum bagi pelaku balap motor liar, maka perlu dilakukan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk Pemahaman Siswa SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan cara ceramah dan Tanya jawab secara langsung dan evaluasi dengan penyebaran kuesioner sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan dilaksanakan. Hasil pengabdian dengan tema pemahaman hukum Siswa SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali mengenai sanksi bagi pelaku balap motor liar, menunjukkan adanya peningkatan 5,4%.Kata Kunci: peningkatan, pemahaman, sanksi hukum, siswa, balap motor liar
A PRELIMINARY COMPARISON OF MITOCHONDRIAL D-LOOP REGION OF FUNAAB ALPHA AND NIGERIAN INDIGENOUS CHICKENS
Authors: DUROSARO S.O. , OSHINOWO B.T. , AKPOJO A.C. , OLUYOMBO L.T. , NWOSU I.C. , IYASERE O.S. , IKPEME E.V. , OZOJE M.O
Published: December 2021

Nigerian indigenous chickens possess immunity from endemic diseases and have a better survival rate than commercial hybrid strains under local production conditions. FUNAAB Alpha chicken was developed by improving Nigerian indigenous chickens through crossbreeding and selection. This study compared the mitochondrial d-loop of FUNAAB Alpha and Nigerian indigenous chickens to check likely genetic erosion and loss of diversity in development of FUNAAB Alpha breed. Blood samples were collected from Nigerian indigenous (n=23) and FUNAAB Alpha (n=20) chickens sampled from farms and houses in Ogun state, Nigeria. The Hypervariable 1 (HV1) of the mitochondrial d-loop region was amplified and sequenced. Single nucleotide polymorphisms present in HV1 of chickens were identified using Clustal W. Genetic diversity of the region was determined using DnaSp v5 while selective forces acting on the chickens were predicted using HyPhy software implemented inside MEGA 6 software. Phylogenetic relationship among FUNAAB Alpha, Nigerian indigenous and other chicken breeds was determined using MEGA 6 software. Five polymorphisms were identified in FUNAAB Alpha chickens while twelve were identified in Nigerian indigenous chickens. All the polymorphisms identified in FUNAAB Alpha chickens were also observed in Nigerian indigenous chickens while seven polymorphisms were unique to Nigerian indigenous chickens. Higher diversity indices were observed in Nigerian indigenous chickens (number of haplotype: 4; haplotype diversity: 0.743±0.012; nucleotide diversity: 0.014±0.0013 and average number of nucleotide differences: 4.332) compared with FUNAAB Alpha chickens (number of haplotype: 2; haplotype diversity: 0.485±0.001; nucleotide diversity: 0.008±0.0001 and average number of nucleotide differences: 2.424). Positive selective forces were acting on FUNAAB Alpha chickens while negative selective forces were acting on Nigerian indigenous chickens. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that FUNAAB Alpha chickens clustered with Nigerian indigenous and South American chickens. It can be concluded that there was likely genetic erosion and loss of diversity in development of FUNAAB Alpha breed. Breeding programmes aimed at improvement of genetic diversity and reduction of genetic erosion should be applied in subsequent improvement of FUNAAB Alpha chickens.
SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GRASSES HARVESTED FROM THE NATURAL PASTURE IN OGUN STATE SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: OKUKENU O. A. , AKINYEMI B. T. , DELE P. A. , OLAJIDE A. A. , JOLAOSHO A.O. , ONIFADE O. S. , FABUSORO E.
Published: December 2021

The research was carried was carried out to evaluate the chemical composition of the dominant grasses harvested from the natural pasture in selected villages in Ogun State, South-western Nigeria at different seasons. The study was carried out using a 4 × 6 factorial arrangement comprising four seasons (early rain, late rain, early dry and late dry) at six locations (Afami, Atokun, Ibooro, Ileniku, Ipaaya, and Okerori). Results showed that the crude protein (CP) content significantly (p<0.05) varied from 5.56 % for Okerori to 7.34 % for Ibooro and the grasses harvested at Afami had the highest (72.75 %) neutral detergent fibre (NDF) values with the least (68.75 %) value recorded for Okerori, while the acid detergent fibre (ADF) values ranged from 41.00 % for Atokun to 48.25 % for Okerori. Also, CP value as affected by the season ranged from 4.23 % for late rainy to 9.44 % for the early rainy season and NDF values from 67.33% for late dry to 72.33 % for late rainy season while the early dry season had the highest value (48.00 %) for ADF with the least value (40.33 %) was recorded for the early rainy season. The phosphorus (P) value was highest at Ipaaya (2.99 g/kg) with the least value observed at Okerori (1.62 g/kg). The value for calcium ranged from 2.55 g/kg at Afami to 6.59 g/kg at Okerori. The P value of grasses as affected by seasons ranged from 1.46 g/kg for early dry to 2.66 g/kg for early rainy seasons.
THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER PREFERENCE: A STUDY OF GUINNESS FOREIGN EXTRA STOUT AND WILFORT DARK ALE
Authors: BELLO A. O.
Published: December 2021

This study examines the influence of advertising on consumer preference for Guinness Stout and WIlfort Dark Ale. The survey method of research was adopted and 200 literate consumers of the brands under study who reside in Ibadan were purposively selected and sampled. Data collected were analyzed using percentage grade tabulation and correlation analysis. Results show that consumers perceive Guinness Stout adequately advertised and Wilfort Dark Ale under advertised. In terms of quality, consumers rated Guinness Stout adverts higher than that of Wilfort Dark Ale. The study also revealed that advertising influences consumer preference, however, quality (taste) and availability in that order, have greater influence on consumer preference than advertisements. The study concludes that advertisements alone cannot bring about brand preference. It is in this regard, that the following among others were recommended: That producers should ensure that their products are of very good quality and are made available to the people where and when needed. Specifically, Guinness Nigeria. Plc, producers of Guinness Stout should sustain Guinness Stout’s advertisement in terms of quality, reach and frequency, while, Sona Breweries, producers of Wilfort Dark Ale should consider it important to increase its advertisement of Wilfort and extend the advertisement to other media such as radio and television if and when they are ready to expand their market.
THE NEXUS BETWEEN LOGIC AND GENERAL STUDIES
Authors: OKOLO M. S. C. , NWAORGU O. G. F.
Published: December 2021

Logic, a branch of philosophy, is essentially concerned with one’s ability to reason well. It provides structured rules and principles that act as guides for effective reasoning. As such the correctness or incorrectness of any kind of reasoning can easily be verified by subjecting them to logical techniques and methods. The paper conceptualises general studies as a set of prescribed courses available in a Nigerian tertiary institution, outside a student’s area of specialisation that must be registered for and passed, usually, in the first and second years of study. The essence is to ensure that students experience balanced, rounded education and to ensure that scholarship is made relevant to the pressing needs of the society. The paper locates the bond between logic and general studies based on the fact that logic permeates all the courses taught as General Studies and, indeed, all the courses taught in the university be it medicine, geography, architecture. In a knowledge-based environment, the need for effective communication is critical and inevitable. This means that both in the delivery of knowledge as well as its acquisition, care should be taken to avoid fallacious reasoning and deception by the slippery nature and use of words. It is for this reason that a rudimentary knowledge of logic is a prerequisite for every discipline. The paper adopts an analytical and comparative method. Philosophical analysis and reflection are applied in order to evaluate and highlight the importance of logic to other disciplines. Its comparative character helps to demonstrate why logic, and no any other discipline, is most suited to act as the foundation for all other disciplines. In all, the paper demonstrates that for effective teaching and learning to take place in other disciplines, logic is essential. It also underscores the strong nexus between logic and general studies. Finally, it shows how logic can help in enriching other disciplines.
AN AUTOMATED ENERGY BILL METERING SYSTEM BASED ON GSM TECHNOLOGY
Authors: OKOKPUJIE K. , ABAYOMI-ALLI A. , ABAYOMI-ALLI O. , ODUSAMI M. , OKOKPUJIE I. P. , AKINOLA O. A.
Published: December 2021

The measurement of the energy consumed by residential and commercial buildings by utility provider is important in billing, control, and monitoring of the usage of energy. Traditional metering techniques used for the measurement of energy are not convenient and is prone to different forms of irregularities. These irregularities include meter failure, meter tampering, inaccuracies in billing due to human error, energy theft, and loss of revenue due to corruption, etc. This research study proposed the design and construction of a microcontroller-based electric energy metering system using the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) network. This system provides a solution to the irregularities posed by the traditional metering technique by allowing the utility provider have access to remote monitoring capabilities, full control over consumer load, and remote power disconnection in the case of energy theft. Proteus simulation software was used to model the system hardware and the software was obtained by using embedded C programming and visual basic. It was observed that the system could remotely take accurate energy readings, provided full control over consumer loads and execute remote disconnection in case of energy theft. The system provides high performance and high accuracy in power monitoring and power management.
A clinical trial to establish the effectiveness of homoeopathic treatment in conjunction with rational behaviour therapy in the treatment of dysthymic and adjustment disorder
Authors:   , Louw Natasha
Published: December 2021

This was a double blind clinical trial, which included both quantitative and qualitative methods of analyses. A placebo group was compared with a treatment group, in order to establish whether or not homoeopathic treatment of dysthymic and adjustment disorder, in conjunction with rational behaviour therapy, altered patient score ratings in terms of the beck depression and yupi inventories. In depth interviews where conducted with each of the participants and content analysis was performed on each individual file.
The effect of physostigma venenosum om myopia
Authors:   , Pillay Bavani
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this project was to determine how effective Physostigma venenosum is as a Homoeopathic treatment of myopia. Myopia does not have a history of spontaneous remission, therefore some form of treatment is required. Glasses and contact lenses, both widely used, have been of tremendous value in relieving the symptoms\xB7 of myopia.
ІМІДЖ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ГВАРДІЇ УКРАЇНИ: ОСНОВНІ ЕЛЕМЕНТИ ТА ПРОЦЕС ФОРМУВАННЯ
Authors: Воробйова Інна Вікторівна
Published: December 2021

Статтю присвячено вивченню іміджу військовослужбовця Національної гвардії України. На основі власних досліджень, а саме вивчення і порівняння реального, ідеального і відбитого типів іміджу військовослужбовця Національної гвардії України, описаних за оцінками самих військовослужбовців, вивчення і порівняння ретроспективного, реального і ідеального типів іміджу військовослужбовців, що описані за оцінками цивільного населення, їхніх позитивних і негативних підтипів, наданих у період «Євромайдану» і у період проведення антитерористичної операції на сході України/ операції об’єднаних сил (АТО/ООС) визначено та обґрунтувано зміст структурних елементів іміджу військовослужбовця Національної гвардії України, виявлено особливості і механізми самого процесу його формування. Так, першоджерелом формування сприятливого іміджу військовослужбовця Національної гвардії України є його безпосередні особистісні характеристики та відповідний рівень їх розвитку (насамперед, вольових якостей особистості, ставлення до професійного обов’язку, до людей, професійних і соціальних норм, здатність контролювати власні емоційні прояви, «тактична» і політична незалежність), а також професійна і соціальна компетентність. Ефективна цілеспрямована діяльність щодо формування сприятливого іміджу військовослужбовця Національної гвардії України повинна бути організована із врахуванням основних змістових елементів іміджу, а також виходити з конкретної мети іміджу у вигляді ідеального уявлення результатів цього виду діяльності та обов’язково враховувати специфічні особливості і механізми власне процесу формування іміджу військовослужбовця Національної гвардії України. Адже сприятливий імідж у сучасних реаліях – необхідна складова частина розвитку будь-якої організації. Не виняток і Національна гвардія України.
ВИМОГА «ЯКОСТІ» ЗАКОНУ ЯК ОДИН З ОСНОВНИХ АСПЕКТІВ ПРИНЦИПУ ВЕРХОВЕНСТВА ПРАВА
Authors: Цебенко Соломія Богданівна
Published: December 2021

У статті проаналізовано принцип верховенства права як основний фундаментальний принцип, на основі якого формуються всі інші принципи, і показано, що в літературі цей принцип розглядають у двох значеннях: у широкому значенні як верховенство права над державою, відповідно до якого має організовуватись державна влада, а також у вузькому значенні як співвідношення права й закону в регулюванні суспільних відносин. Розкрито один з аспектів принципу верховенства права, а саме досліджено питання «якості» закону, який приймається державою і які вимоги до цього закону випливають із міжнародних стандартів. Зокрема, наголошено, що закон має бути зрозумілим та чітким настільки, щоб його формулювання давали б можливість самостійно або з відповідною консультацією регулювати поведінку особи, закон має бути передбачуваним і закон має досить чітко встановлювати межі дискреційних повноважень і спосіб їх здійснення з метою захисту суб’єктів правовідносин від свавілля органів державної влади. Проаналізовано практику Європейського суду з прав людини щодо зазначеного питання і встановлено, що відповідно до європейських стандартів наявні такі вимоги до закону, щоб він вважався «якісним», зокрема, точність формулювання нормативно-правових актів; наявність чітких правил і гарантій у законодавстві конкретної держави; дієвість цих гарантій на практиці; відсутність неоднозначного тлумачення закону. Встановлено, що вимога «якості» закону охоплює змістовий аспект, який полягає в тому, що нормативні акти приймаються з урахуванням того, що людина є найвищою цінністю, а також процедурний аспект, відповідно до якого, зокрема, існує заборона зворотної дії закону, за винятком, якщо такий закон звільняє від покарання, а також є несуперечність закону та однаковість у його застосуванні. Зроблено висновки, що вимога «якості» закону означає те, що «закон» повинен бути належним чином доступним та передбачуваним для людей.
ГЕРМЕНЕВТИКА СУДОВИХ РІШЕННЬ У КРИМІНАЛЬНОМУ ПРОВАДЖЕННІ
Authors: Циганюк Юлія Володимирівна
Published: December 2021

Стаття є спробою розкрити використання герменевтичного методу із аналізом положень Кримінального процесуального кодексу України, у судових рішеннях у кримінальних провадженнях. Визначено, що акт правосуддя та акт судового контролю, які формально виражені у судових рішеннях у кримінальному провадженні, є одними з основних вітчизняних правозастосовних актів. У них відбувається поєднання теорії та практики, суджень щодо справедливості та формування ситуації визначеності у період конфлікту. У контексті дослідження проаналізовано рішення Європейського суду з прав людини у справі «Делькур проти Бельгії» (заява № 2689/65), положення ч. 4 ст. 17, ч. 6 ст. 368, ч. 1 ст. 370, ч. 1 ст. 380, п. 3 ч. 1 ст. 413, ч. 1 ст. 433, ч. 4 ст. 434-1 Кримінального процесуального кодексу України. Досліджуючи вказані нормативні джерела та на основі аналізу наукових праць (А.М. Бернюкова, О.М. Балинської, З.А. Загиней, О.О. Мережко, В.А. Трофименко та інших учених), встановлено, що внутрішнє переконання суду, яке ґрунтується не лише на всебічному, повному й неупередженому дослідженні всіх обставин кримінального провадження, але й на власному життєвому досвіді, компетентному погляді, який дозволяє зрозуміти сенс казуїстичної ситуації, здатні забезпечити правильне пізнання подій та явищ кримінального провадження і відобразити їх у судовому рішенні. Зміст судового рішення є квінтесенцією інформації та знань, що формально відображаються у ньому і вироблені на основі специфічних практичних навичок, а їх підґрунтям є норми кримінального процесуального законодавства. У досліджуваному аспекті кримінальне процесуальне законодавство встановлює межі застосування герменевтики судових рішень у кримінальному провадженні.
AB0 and rhesus blood groups as a risk factor for ARVI COVID-19
Authors: Donskov Sergey Ivanovich , Bulanov A. Yu. , Simarova I. B. , Belyakova V. V. , Mayorova O. A. , Kravtsova E. A. , Vakulchik I. O. , Yurkevich T. Yu. , Beluga M. V. , Zubareva L. M. , Mikhailova N. M. , Vasiliev N. I. , Davydova L. E. , Burdinskaya Yu. V. , Kryukovskiy S. B.
Published: December 2021

The frequency of AB0 and Rhesus blood groups was studied in 12120 patients with COVID-19, 5180 convalescent plasma donors and 118801 healthy donors from Moscow, Smolensk, Yakutsk, Minsk and Gomel. In infected individuals, the frequency of blood group A was significantly higher than in uninfected individuals (41,54 % and 34,39 % respectively, p<0,05), and the frequency of blood group 0, on the contrary, was significantly lower (27,69 % and 36,71 %, p<0,05). The frequency of blood group A was particularly high among patients who died from ARVI COVID-19 - 45,51 % vs. 34,39 %, p=0,008. In some groups of patients, there was a decrease in the frequency of Rh-negative individuals (2,23 % vs. 8,30 %, p<0,001).
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN RESPONSIF SISWA SAAT PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: KHOIRIYAH ANNA JARROTUL
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this research was to find out the increase in understanding of junior high school science concepts and student responsiveness by using the Google Meet, WhatsApp and Google classroom. The research was conducted in 9th grade during the online learning process. The method in this research uses quantitative and descriptive qualitative. Data obtained from the average of daily test and questionnaire. Based on the results of the research, there was an increase in learning outcomes by 32.4% and student responsiveness stated that 66.7% of communicative and fun learning also 85.2% of students stated that it was easy to understand the course. there is an increase in understanding of science concepts and pleasant responses by combining the Google Meet, WhatsApp, and Google Classroom applications.

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman konsep IPA SMP dan responsif siswa dengan penggunaan gmeet, WA, Google classroom. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas 9 selama proses pembelajaran daring. Metode dalam penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif dan kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari rata-rata ulangan harian dan angket. Berdasar hasil penelitian, terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar sebesar 32,4 % dan responsif siswa menyatakan 66,7 % pembelajaran komunikatif dan menyenangkan dan 85,2 % siswa menyatakan mudah memahami pembelajaran. Terdapat peningkatan pemahaman konsep IPA dan respon menyenangkan dan paham dengan penggabungan aplikasi gmeet, WA, dan google classroom.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA AL QUR’AN MELALUI KEGIATAN LESSON STUDY KELAS IX – F DI SMP NEGERI 2 TARAKAN
Authors: MARWAH MARWAH
Published: December 2021

In general, each student has different abilities, characteristics, characteristics, and even behavior, this has become sunnatullah so that between them there are advantages and disadvantages, with differences and diversity of abilities there must be differences in academic and non-academic fields, including in terms of interests and skills. In learning Islamic Religious Education, there is one indicator and learning goal that must be achieved by students, which must be able to read verses or suras in the Qur'an properly and correctly. able or less able in terms of reading the Qur'an properly and correctly. To overcome this, there must be appropriate and fast steps that will be taken by the author so that students can be enthusiastic and motivated in participating in learning, especially learning to read the suras in the Qur'an, so that learning objectives can be achieved properly. The first step to be taken is to make improvements to the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) through the implementation of lesson study activities. In Lesson Study activities. There are three stages that are carried out, namely the PLAN stage (planning), DO stage (implementing), and the SEE stage (reflection), these three stages are carried out simultaneously in 1 cycle, and are carried out continuously. Lesson Study is an effective way to improve the learning process, which can improve student learning outcomes.

ABSTRAKPada umumnya setiap peserta didik memiliki kemampuan, karakteristik, ciri, bahkan tingkah laku yang berbeda,hal ini sudah menjadi sunnatullah sehingga diantara mereka terdapat kelebihan dan kekurangan, dengan adanya perbedaan dan keragaman kemampuan pasti ada perbedaan di bidang akademik dan non akademik, termasuk dalam hal minat dan keterampilan. Dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam, ada salah satu indicator dan tujuan pembelajaran yang harus di capai oleh peserta didik untuk bisa membaca ayat-ayat al Qur’an dengan baik dan benar. Berdasarkan pengamatan, diantara peserta didik masih ada yang tidak bisa atau kurang mampu dalam hal membaca Al Qur’an dengan baik dan benar. Untuk mengatasi hal itu, harus ada langkah tepat dan cepat yang akan di lalukan oleh penulis agar peserta didik bisa semangat dan termotivasi dalam mengikuti pembelajaran, khususnya belajar membaca ayat –ayat Al Qur’an, sehingga tujuan pembelajaran dapat tercapai dengan baik. Langkah pertama yang akan di lakukan yaitu mengadakan perbaikan pada Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran( RPP) melalui penerapan kegiatan lesson Study. Dalam kegiatan Lesson Study ada tiga tahap yang akan di lakukan, yaitu tahap PLAN (merencanakan), tahap DO (melaksanakan), dan tahap SEE (refleksi), ke tiga tahap ini di lakukan sekaligus dalam 1 siklus, dan di laksanakan secara berkelanjutan. Lesson Study merupakan salah satu cara yang efektif untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran yang bisa meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik.
DE LA EDUCACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA REMOTA A LA EDUCACIÓN MULTIMODAL: Una Evolución de los Procesos Educativos en Contexto Pospandemia
Authors: Villegas González Crisálida , Alfonso Villegas Nohelia
Published: December 2021

Resumen: La pandemia trajo consigo una amenaza a la educación, debido a la medida decretadas por los gobiernos de permanecer en los hogares para evitar los contagios, colocando en serios aprietos a las instituciones educativas y sus actores académicos, muchos de los cuales no estaban preparados para asumir una nueva modalidad educativa, pero que en medio de esta coyuntura asumieron el desafío de ejercer un rol protagónico en la transformación de la educación universitaria tradicional, implementándose una modalidad remota mediante el empleo de diversas herramientas tecnológicas, incorporándose a la vida cotidiana el termino m-learning para designar el aprendizaje mediante el uso del móvil o celular, en el que la responsabilidad, compromiso e involucramiento de los estudiantes en su proceso de aprendizaje cobró un mayor peso, así como el requerimiento de nuevas competencias tecnológicas por parte de estos y sus docentes así como la disponibilidad de al menos un celular inteligente, cobertura y conectividad para no ser desplazados del ámbito educativo. Sin embargo, ya transcurrido un año del confinamiento obligatorio, es imperativo avanzar a un nuevo nivel por lo que la educación universitaria requiere ser repensada. De allí que el artículo es producto de una hermeneusis de documentos con el propósito de reflexionar sobre la experiencia de la educación remota como vía transición hacia una educación multimodal que satisfaga las expectativas y requerimientos de los actores educativos en contexto postpandemia.
Climatic, weather and socio-economic conditions corresponding with the mid-17th century eruption cluster
Authors: Stoffel Markus , Corona Christophe , Ludlow Francis , Sigl Michael , Huhtamaa Heli , Garnier Emmanuel , Helama Samuli , Guillet Sébastien , Crampsie Arlene , Kleemann Katrin , Camenisch Chantal , McConnell Joseph , Gao Chaochao
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The mid-17th century is characterized by a cluster of explosive volcanic eruptions in the 1630s and 1640s, deteriorating climatic conditions culminating in the Maunder Minimum as well as political instability and famine in regions of Western and Northern Europe as well as China and Japan. This contribution investigates the sources of the eruptions of the 1630s and 1640s and their possible impact on contemporary climate using ice-core, tree-ring and historical evidence, but will also look into the socio-political context in which they occurred and the human responses they may have triggered. Three distinct sulfur peaks are found in the Greenland ice core record in 1637, 1641–42 and 1646. In Antarctica, only one unambiguous sulfate spike is recorded, peaking in 1642. The resulting bipolar sulfur peak in 1641–1642 can likely be ascribed to the eruption of Mount Parker (6° N, Philippines) on December 26, 1640, but sulfate emitted from Koma-ga-take (42° N, Japan) volcano on July 31, 1641, has potentially also contributed to the sulphate concentrations observed in Greenland at this time. The smaller peaks in 1637 and 1646 can be potentially attributed to the eruptions of Hekla (63° N, Iceland) and Shiveluch (56° N, Russia), respectively. To date, however, none of the candidate volcanoes for the mid-17th century sulphate peaks have been confirmed with tephra preserved in ice cores. Tree-ring and written sources point to severe and cold conditions in the late 1630s and early 1640s in various parts of Europe, and to poor harvests. Yet the early 17th century was also characterized by widespread warfare across Europe – and in particular the Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648), rendering any attribution of socio-economic crisis to volcanism challenging. In China and Japan, historical sources point to extreme droughts and famines starting in the late 1630s, and thus preceding the eruptions by some years. The case of the eruption cluster in the late 1630s and early 1640s and the climatic and societal conditions recorded in its aftermath thus offer a textbook example of difficulties in (i) unambiguously distinguishing volcanically induced cooling, wetting or drying from natural climate variability, and (ii) attributing political instability, harvest failure and famines solely to volcanic climatic impacts. This example shows that the impacts of past volcanism must always be studied within the contemporary socio-economic contexts, but that it is also time to most past reductive framings and sometimes reactionary oppositional stances in which climate (and environment more broadly) either is or is not deemed an important contributor to major historical events.