bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth of ErAs nanodots by molecular beam epitaxy for application to tunneling junctions in multijunction solar cells
Authors: Hung Chao-Yu , Sogabe Tomah , Miyashita Naoya , Okada Yoshitaka
Published: January 2016

ErAs nanodots (NDs) grown on GaAs(001) substrates by using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) were investigated. Atomic force microscope images indicate that the size of ErAs NDs increases with deposition time and growth temperature. A calibration was performed to determine the deposition rate of ErAs in order that the size of NDs can be accurately controlled and hence optimized. Local current flow images and surface profiles around ErAs NDs were simultaneously measured to clarify the local conductivity distribution corresponding to a real space profile. Furthermore, we also fabricated and characterized an ErAs-ND-embedded GaAs tunnel junction (TJ), which resulted in a voltage drop of 30 mV for 15 A/cm2 operation current equivalent to 1000 suns concentration, which is less than one-third of that of a conventional heavily doped tunnel junction.
Tunable multimode plasmon-induced transparency with graphene side-coupled resonators
Authors: Wang Jicheng , Liang Xiuye , Xia Xiushan , Liu Shutian
Published: January 2016

We investigate a plasmonic graphene waveguide system based on monolayer graphene and two side-coupled graphene rings. The system exhibits multimode plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effects in the mid-IR region. The dark-bright coupling mechanisms and coupled-resonator-induced transparency (CRIT) theory are both utilized to explain the electromagnetic responses, and the explanation is verified by simulation results of the finite-element method (FEM). By varying the Fermi level of graphene or the coupling gap, we have a means to dynamically manipulate the PIT system.
Morphological and magnetic analysis of Fe nanostructures on W(110) by using scanning tunneling microscopy and Lorentz microscopy
Authors: Schaefer Erik D. , Chernov Sergey V. , Sapozhnik Alexey A. , Kostyuk Dmytro M. , Zaporozhchenko Anna V. , Protsenko Serhiy I. , Bode Matthias , Nepijko Sergej A. , Elmers Hans-Joachim , Schönhense Gerd
Published: January 2016

We investigated morphological features and magnetic properties of epitaxial Fe nanostructures (films, stripes and nanoparticles) on a W(110) surface with monoatomic steps preferentially along the

direction. The nanostructures were prepared in ultra-high vacuum by using electron-beam evaporation and subsequent annealing at different temperatures. Scanning tunneling microscopy measurements in-situ revealed elongated Fe nanostructures with aspect ratios of up to

. The observable shape and orientation (along or perpendicular to the monoatomic steps of the substrate) of the nanostructures depended substantially on the preparation parameters. By capping the system with 7 monolayers of Pt, the magnetic properties of selected Fe nanostructures could be analyzed ex-situ using Lorentz microscopy revealing diversified results. Depending on the size and shape, different magnetization structures, such as single domain, two domains and vortex, were observed. A precise intensity profile analysis demonstrated that the magnetic field values of different magnetic structures are close to each other and equal 2.4 T.
H2O beams for zinc oxide film growth produced by a Pt-catalyzed H2–O2 reaction at various divergent aperture angles of a de Laval nozzle
Authors: Teraguchi Yusuke , Ishidzuka Yuki , Nakamura Tomoki , Takahashi Kazumasa , Tamayama Yasuhiro , Harada Nobuhiro , Yasui Kanji
Published: January 2016

High-energy H2O beams generated by a de Laval nozzle, meant for the growth of zinc oxide thin films through chemical vapor deposition, were assessed based on compressible flow theory at various divergent aperture angles. In this process, high temperature H2O was generated by a catalytic reaction between H2 and O2 on Pt nanoparticles and effused through the nozzle into the reaction zone. The theoretical beam temperature distributions, reduced scaling parameters and mean cluster sizes of the H2O beams generated at angles between 50 and 90° were evaluated. The reduced scaling parameters of the H2O beams for all angles were calculated to be less than 200 and the mean cluster sizes were estimated to be less than one irrespective of the divergent aperture angle of the nozzle, suggesting that clusters are not formed in the H2O beam in our apparatus. The crystallinity and electrical properties of the zinc oxide films grown using various divergent aperture angles were also evaluated.
Knowledge patients receiving outpatient treatment on oral anticoagulation therapy
Authors: Figueirêdo Thaisa Remigio , Nascimento Monique Oliveira do , Silveira Maria Mariana Barros Melo da , Costa Christefany Régia Braz , Queiroga Andrey Vieira de , Bezerra Simone Maria Muniz da Silva
Published: January 2016

Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento de pacientes em acompanhamento ambulatorial sobre a terapia com anticoagulantes orais. Métodos: Estudo de corte transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado no Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco (PROCAPE) com 100 indivíduos. Utilizou-se instrumento específico de 10 questões. Foram atribuídas pontuações às respostas, posteriormente classificadas como conhecimento insuficiente, conhecimento regular e conhecimento adequado, segundo ponto de corte. A pesquisa foi aprovada por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, CAAE nº30622114.2.0000.5192. Resultados: Apenas 39% dos indivíduos apresentaram conhecimento adequado sobre o tratamento. Houve significância estatística nas associações do conhecimento com sexo (p=0,042), idade (p= 0,015), anos de estudo (p=0,021) e tempo médio de acompanhamento ambulatorial (p=0,010). Conclusão: A predominância de conhecimento não adequado (61%) demonstram a necessidade de implementação de estratégias educativas que favoreçam a compreensão sobre o tratamento, estimulando a adesão farmacológica e reduzindo eventuais complicações.
The body speaks: physical and psychological aspects of stress in nursing professionals
Authors: Filgueira Martins Rodrigues Cláudia Cristiane , Pereira Santos Viviane Euzébia
Published: January 2016

Objetivo: Identificar os efeitos do estresse no corpo físico e mental dos profissionais de enfermagem que atuam na UTI de um hospital universitário em Natal, RN. Método: Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo de abordagem descritiva realizado junto a vinte e um profissionais de enfermagem da referida instituição. A coleta de dados se deu a partir de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Esta iniciou após a aprovação do estudo no CEP-HUOL sob nº de CAAE No 0037.0.294.000-11. A análise desses dados se deu por análise de conteúdo. Resultados: A categoria resultante da análise desses dados foi intitulada de “o corpo que sofre: as manifestações do estresse” e dentre os sintomas mais evidenciados pelos entrevistados destaca-se o cansaço físico e mental; dores musculares, desequilíbrio no ciclo do peso.  Conclusão: Esses sintomas contribuem para o estresse profissional e diminuem a qualidade de vida desses trabalhadores em seu ambiente de atuação.
Care and culture: an interface in the nursing knowledge production
Authors: Denardin Budó Maria de Lourdes , Schimith Maria Denise , Neumaier Alves Camila , Wilhelm Laís Antunes , Ressel Lúcia Beatriz
Published: January 2016

Objetivo: Caracterizar as produções científicas relacionadas à interface cuidado, enfermagem e cultura nos periódicos brasileiros nos últimos 26 anos.  Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A coleta de dados ocorreu em janeiro de 2013, nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde. Resultados: Denota-se o entendimento de que somos seres socioculturais, cujo comportamento é construído individualmente, sendo tal processo ininterrupto e inacabado, uma vez que as relações humanas são permanentemente reconstruídas. Conclusão: A interpretação cultural dos eventos da área da saúde permite entender seus significados e a que se relacionam, de forma que possibilita uma vivência qualitativa mais significativa da prática de enfermagem, tanto para as enfermeiras, quanto para os sujeitos de seus cuidados.
The exercise of leadership of nurses in the family health strategy
Authors: Lima Francielli Silvério , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Jacondino Michelle Barboza , Trindade Letícia de Lima , Silva Camila Neves da , Fuculo Junior Paulo Roberto Boeira
Published: January 2016

Objetivou-se conhecer o exercício da liderança do enfermeiro na Estratégia Saúde da Família, bem como as dificuldades e estratégias adotadas pelos enfermeiros para liderar. Estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório realizado com 12 enfermeiros da Estratégia de Saúde da Família de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada, as quais foram analisadas por meio da Análise Temática. Evidenciou-se que o enfermeiro, enquanto líder é visto como um exemplo a ser seguido, responsável por contribuir com a motivação da equipe. Entre as dificuldades encontradas destacaram-se a falta de apoio pela gestão municipal, falta de perfil profissional, relações interpessoais conflitantes, sobrecarga e necessidade de um ambiente profissional saudável. Entre as estratégias foi exposto o trabalho em equipe, diálogo e escuta respeito interprofissional, as quais contribuem para fortalecer a liderança do enfermeiro neste modelo assistencial.
The psychiatrical nursing clinic and its new care technologies
Authors: Oliveira Rosane Mara Pontes de , Alves Manoela , Porto Isaura Setenta , Cavalcanti Paula Cristina da Silva
Published: January 2016

O estudo trata da proposta de uma clínica de enfermagem psiquiátrica amparada por novas tecnologias de cuidado. Objetivos: apresentar as tecnologias que compõem a clínica de enfermagem psiquiátrica, descrever o que pensam as enfermeiras sobre as tecnologias da clínica de enfermagem psiquiátrica e analisar a possibilidade de aderência das tecnologias na prática assistencial. Método:O estudo é de natureza qualitativa. A produção de dados foi por meio de observação livre e entrevistas abertas. Os temas oriundos das discussões nortearam o processo analítico e reflexivo. Resultado:Os dados demonstraram: que as enfermeiras concordam com as tecnologias proposta e acreditam que elas auxiliarão na ação de cuidado das enfermeiras, e que há uma lacuna entre a capacidade de agir sobre o enfoque das tecnologias em uma situação real. Conclusão: com o estudo que há uma contradição entre o que as enfermeiras adotam como discurso e o que fato elas realizam na prática assistencial.
Partner participation in mother and son care: perception of puerperal women
Authors: Silva Elza Monteiro da , Marcolino Eloir , Santos Aliny de Lima , Ganassin Gabriela Schiavon , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: January 2016

Objetivo: apreender a percepção de puérperas acerca da participação do companheiro nos cuidados prestados ao binômio mãe e filho. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, de natureza qualitativa, realizado junto a 20 puérperas residentes no município de Campo Mourão-PR. Os dados foram coletados no período de fevereiro a março de 2014, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas gravadas e posteriormente submetidos à análise de conteúdo modalidade temática. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob o parecer 727.405/2014. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias: Sentimentos aflorados com a chegada do novo membro na família; e As mãos que promovem o sustento também cuidam. Conclusão: a participação efetiva do companheiro foi evidenciada pelas puérperas; contudo os cuidados com o bebê ainda são incipientes, sendo a participação mais efetiva nos cuidados direcionados à puérpera e às tarefas domésticas.
Risk factors for neonatal mortality in the life of first week
Authors: Teixeira Gracimary Alves , Costa Francisca Marta de Lima , Mata Matheus Sousa , Carvalho Jovanka Bittencourt Leite , Sousa Nilba Lima , Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo
Published: January 2016

Objetivo: Analisar os fatores de risco para a mortalidade neonatal precoce. Método: Estudo analítico com dados secundários, da série histórica de 2003 a 2012, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Coletados a partir do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva, teste do Qui-quadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Destaca-se a razão de prevalência do baixo peso ao nascer com 43,70 e a prematuridade com 41,55. Apresenta como fator protetor escolaridade da mãe de 8 a 11 anos de estudo. Na primeira semana de vida: o baixo peso ao nascer, a prematuridade e pós-termo, mães sem escolaridade, da raça negra, gestação gemelar, gestantes adolescentes e de idade avançada apresentaram-se como fatores de risco para mortalidade infantil no período neonatal precoce. Conclusão: Portanto, requer atenção especial dos serviços de saúde na assistência pré-natal, parto e puerpério.
Surgery and Suicide Deaths Among Patients With Cancer
Authors: Chen Michael L. , Gomez Scarlett L. , O’Hara Ruth , John Esther M. , Morris Arden M. , Kurian Allison W. , Linos Eleni
Published: September 2024

This cohort study describes suicide incidence among patients with cancer compared with the general population and by surgical status and cancer treatment.
Enhancing Wound Healing With Sprayable Hydrogel Releasing Multi Metallic Ions: Inspired by the Body's Endogenous Healing Mechanism
Authors: Ghosal Doyel , Majumder Nilotpal , Das Pratik , Chaudhary Shivani , Dey Sovan , Banerjee Priya , Tiwari Preeti , Das Piyali , Basak Piyali , Nandi Samit K , Ghosh Sourabh , Kumar Sachin
Published: September 2024

In the pursuit of new wound care products, researchers are exploring methods to improve wound healing through exogenous wound healing products. However, diverging from this conventional approach, this work has developed an endogenous support system for wound healing, drawing inspiration from the body's innate healing mechanisms governed by the sequential release of metal ions by body at wound site to promote different stages of wound healing. This work engineers a multi‐ion‐releasing sprayable hydrogel system, to mimic this intricate process, representing the next evolutionary step in wound care products. It comprises Alginate (Alg) and Fibrin (Fib) hydrogel infused with Polylactic acid (PLA) polymeric microcarriers encapsulating multi (calcium, copper, and zinc) nanoparticles (Alg‐Fib‐PLA‐nCMB). Developed sprayable Alg‐Fib‐PLA‐nCMB hydrogel show sustained release of beneficial multi metallic ions at wound site, offering a range of advantages including enhanced cellular function, antibacterial properties, and promotion of crucial wound healing processes like cell migration, ROS mitigation, macrophage polarization, collagen deposition, and vascular regeneration. In a comparative study with a commercial product (Midstress spray), developed Alg‐Fib‐PLA‐nCMB hydrogel demonstrates superior wound healing outcomes in a rat model, indicating its potential for next generation wound care product, addressing critical challenges and offering a promising avenue for future advancements in the wound management.
Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals‐Intermediated Hydrogel for Boosting the Biosensing Performance
Authors: Li Hongxia , Hu Yanan , Zhang Yan , Zhang Hao , Yao Dong , Lin Yuehe , Yan Xu
Published: September 2024

Metal‐halide perovskites have become attractive nanomaterials for advanced biosensors, yet the structural design remains challenging due to the trade‐off between environmental stability and sensing sensitivity. Herein, a trinity strategy is proposed to address this issue by integrating Mn (II) substitution with CsPb2Cl5 inert shell and NH2‐PEG‐COOH coating for designing Mn2+‐doped CsPbCl3/CsPb2Cl5 core/shell hetero perovskite nanocrystals (PMCP PNCs). The trinity strategy isolates the emissive Mn2+‐doped CsPbCl3 core from water and the Mn2+ d–d transition generates photoluminescence with a long lifetime, endowing the NH2‐PEG‐COOH capped Mn2+‐doped CsPbCl3/CsPb2Cl5 PNCs with robust water stability and oxygen‐sensitive property. Given the structural integration, photoluminescent hydrogel biosensors are designed by embedding the PMCP PNCs into the hydrogel system to deliver on‐site pesticide information on food products. Impressively, benefiting from the dual enzyme triggered‐responsive property of PMCP PNCs, the hydrogel biosensor is endowed with ultra‐high sensitivity toward chlorpyrifos pesticide at the nanogram per milliliter level. Such a robust PMCP PNCs‐based hydrogel sensor can provide accurate pesticide information while guiding the construction of photoluminescent biosensors for upcoming on‐site applications.
Spatial Structure of Electron Interactions in High‐entropy Oxide Nanoparticles for Active Electrocatalysis of Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Cai Wenwen , Cao Xueying , Wang Yueqing , Chen Song , Ma Jizhen , Zhang Jintao
Published: September 2024

High‐entropy oxides (HEOs) exhibit distinctive catalytic properties owing to their diverse elemental compositions, garnering considerable attention across various applications. However, the preparation of HEO nanoparticles with different spatial structures remains challenging due to their inherent structural instability. Herein, ultrasmall high‐entropy oxide nanoparticles (less than 5 nm) with different spatial structures are synthesized on carbon supports via the rapid thermal shock treatment. The low‐symmetry HEO, BiSbInCdSn‐O4, demonstrates exceptional performance for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reaction (eCO2RR), including a lower overpotential, high Faraday efficiency across a wide electrochemical range (−0.3 to −1.6 V), and sustained stability for over100 h. In the membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer, BiSbInCdSn‐O4 achieves a current density of 350 mA cm−2 while maintaining good stability for 24 h. Both experimental observations and theoretical calculations reveal that the electron donor–acceptor interactions between bismuth and indium sites in BiSbInCdSn‐O4 enable the electron delocalization to facilitate the efficient adsorption of CO2 and hydrogenation reactions. Thus, the energy barrier of the rate‐determining step is reduced to enhance the electrocatalytic activity and stability. This study elucidates that the spatial structure of metal sites in HEOs is able to regulate CO2 adsorption status for eCO2RR, paving the way for the rational design of efficient HEO catalysts.
Oxidation State and Halogen Influence on the NHC‐Gold‐Halide‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Propargylic Amides
Authors: Sargentoni Nicola , Galassi Rossana , Luciani Lorenzo , Rominger Frank , Rudolph Matthias , Hashmi A. Stephen. K.
Published: September 2024

The homogeneously catalyzed cycloisomerization reaction of propargylic amides was tested as benchmark reaction for two homologous series of Au(I) and Au(III) complexes with NHC ligands. This reaction is known to afford either aromatic oxazoles or dihydrooxazoles, depending on the oxidation state of the applied gold catalysts. For this purpose, symmetric and unsymmetric NHC ligands with mixed alkyl or benzyl substituents (1,3‐dimethyl‐imidazolyl‐2yl or 1‐benzyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazolyl‐2‐yl) and the corresponding Au(I) and Au(III) derivatives were prepared and characterized by analytical methods, IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies, and by X‐ray diffraction methods. Ten NHC‐gold(I) and NHC‐gold(III) complexes were tested on the cyclization reactions by adding gold catalysts in the presence and absence of AgPF6. Noteworthy, only the 1‐benzyl‐3‐methyl‐gold(III) trichloride was able to give selectively the aromatic oxazole without the addition of the silver salt. Interestingly, on contrary to what is reported in the literature, the use of gold(I) or gold(III) complexes does not influence the chemoselectivity of the cyclization reaction, while the halide bound to the metal does. In this regard, a mechanism purposing the dihydrooxazole as an intermediate for the formation of aromatic oxazole is proposed.
Material Trends and Clinical Costings in Systematically Identified CDER‐Approved Nanomedicines
Authors: Jarrett Thomas Ryan , Pregelj Lisette , Bell Craig Andrew , Fletcher Nicholas Lyle , Thurecht Kristofer James
Published: September 2024

Research into mechanisms and potential applications of nanomaterials in medicine has expanded steadily in recent decades, with increasing translational focus. Development costs, including for clinical trials, are often cited as factors limiting the translational viability of novel nanomedicines, especially compared to small new molecular entities (NMEs) and therapeutic biologics. Yet, to date, there has been no systematic investigation into the clinical programs or costs of translating and commercializing nanomedicines, nor a comparison to NMEs and therapeutic biologics, to support these claims. Here, nanomedicines approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) from 2011 to 2023 are systematically identified and categorized. Nanomedicines were identified as formulations where submicron particle size contributes to product function. Like biologics and NMEs, nanomedicines are most frequently approved for oncological indications. Notably, all anti‐cancer nanomedicines are indicated to treat orphan diseases, which is representative of the potential for nanomedicines to occupy pharmaceutical niches in treating diseases affecting smaller patient cohorts. The median estimated cost of pivotal trials for nanomedicines is 47% that of biologics and NMEs approved in the same timeframe. The findings indicate higher manufacturing costs in nanomedicine development may be mitigated by savings elsewhere, increasing translational viability.
Dual Polyanion Mechanism for Superionic Transport in BH4‐Based Argyrodites
Authors: Wang Pengbo , Liu Haoyu , Patel Sawankumar , Roberts Jason E. , Chen Yudan , Ogbolu Bright , Francisco Brian E. , Hu Yan‐Yan
Published: September 2024

Polyanion rotations are often linked to cation diffusion, but the study of multiple polyanion systems is scarce due to the complexities in experimentally determining their dynamic interactions. This work focuses on BH4‐based argyrodites, synthesized to achieve a high conductivity of 11 mS cm−1. Advanced tools, including high‐resolution X‐ray diffraction, neutron pair distribution function analysis, and mutinuclear magic‐angle‐spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and relaxometry, along with theoretical calculations, are employed to unravel the dynamic intricacies among the dual polyanion lattice and active charge carriers. The findings reveal that the anion sublattice of Li5.07PS4.07(BH4)1.93 affords an even temporal distribution of Li among PS43− and BH4−, suggesting minimal trapping of the charge carriers. Moreover, the NMR relaxometry unveils rapid BH4− rotation on the order of ∼GHz, affecting the slower rotation of neighboring PS43− at ∼100 MHz. The PS43− rotation synchronizes with Li+ motion and drives superionic transport. Thus, the PS43− and BH4− polyanions act as two‐staged dual motors, facilitating rapid Li+ diffusion.
Microwave‐Assisted PtRu Alloying on Defective Tungsten Oxide: A Pathway to Improved Hydroxyl Dynamics for Highly‐Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhou Bowen , Wang Juping , Guo Lingfei , Li Hongdong , Xiao Weiping , Xu Guangrui , Chen Dehong , Li Caixia , Du Yunmei , Ding Hao , Zhang Yihe , Wu Zexing , Wang Lei
Published: September 2024

Platinum (Pt)‐based compounds are the benchmarked catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) but exhibit slow kinetics in alkaline environments. The *OH accumulation on Pt surface can block active sites, affecting proton reduction and water re‐adsorption. Alloying Ruthenium (Ru) with Pt sites can significantly modulate the adsorption and desorption of water dissociation intermediates. Choosing suitable supports and utilizing metal‐support interaction (MSI) is crucial for active site optimization. PtRu alloy anchored on tungsten oxide (WO3) with rich oxygen vacancies (OV) is prepared through an ultrafast microwave‐assisted approach. Benefiting from the coupling effects between alloying and MSI, PtRu/WO3‐OV exhibits exceptionally high HER activity. In 1 m KOH, 1 m KOH + seawater, and 0.5 m H2SO4, it requires ultralow overpotentials of 9, 26, and 6 mV to achieve 10 mA cm−2, respectively. The designed catalyst surpasses commercial Pt/C in mass activity and demonstrates considerable potential for intermittent energy integration. Density functional theory reveals that alloying Ru with Pt sites significantly reduces the energy barrier of dissociating *OH, modulating blockage on the surface and then promoting the overall alkaline HER process. This study offers insights into the rapid synthesis of non‐carbon supported catalysts with Pt site modulation for alkaline hydrogen generation.
Regulating Water Activity and Solvation Structure via Zwitterion‐Enhanced Polymer Electrolyte for Long‐Life Zn‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors with Low‐Temperature Applicability
Authors: Jin Chunjiang , Yang Congcong , Xie Liheng , Mi Hongyu , Yin Hong , Xu Bo , Guo Fengjiao , Qiu Jieshan
Published: September 2024

The development of aqueous Zn‐based energy storage systems is plagued by poor cyclability and limited operating temperatures caused by Zn anode issues and highly active water. Herein, a frost‐tolerant hydrogel electrolyte (PABCHE) promoted by hydroxyl‐rich β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and zwitterionic betaine (BA) additives is fabricated in situ to protect Zn anodes and enhance low‐temperature adaptability. Both additives synergistically disrupt the hydrogen‐bonding network between water molecules to remarkably reduce the freezing point of PABCHE and alleviate water‐associated side effects. Zwitterionic BA constructs ion‐migration channels and regulate Zn2+ solvation structure, promoting uniform and rapid transport of Zn2+. Additionally, PABCHE renders the Zn2+ homoepitaxially depositing along the (002) plane to achieve dendrite‐free Zn anodes. As a result, versatile PABCHE enables Zn//Zn cells to cycle stably for 1100 and 3600 h at 20 and −20 °C, respectively. Furthermore, the Zn‐ion hybrid capacitors optimized by PABCHE deliver favorable cyclability over 30000 cycles at 20 °C (with a capacity retention of 81.8%) and −20 °C (with a capacity retention of 84.2%). Additionally, PABCHE can be applied as a flexible strain sensor for real‐time monitoring of physiological activities. This work offers valuable insights for developing antifreeze hydrogel electrolytes toward applications of dendrite‐free low‐temperature Zn‐based devices and strain sensors.
Two‐Electron Phenothiazine Based Cathode Achieved by Raising HOMO Energy Level for High Performance Lithium Organic Battery
Authors: Zhang Sen , Cai Jia , Li Heyang , Xing Fangfang , Chen Ling , Wang Xiujuan , He Xiaoming
Published: September 2024

Redox‐active p‐type phenothiazine based organic cathodes have captured increasing attention for lithium‐organic batteries due to their high voltage output and rich chemical modification. However, their capacities are generally limited to one redox event per molecule; while the di‐cation states are subject to rapid decomposition and cannot be effectively utilized. Herein, a scalable synthesis of phenothiazine‐based polymer (MPT‐CC) is reported, that can fully utilize the two‐electron storage by raising its highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO). Lithium‐organic batteries using this polymer as cathode displayed a high specific capacity of 178 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1. This polymer also displays excellent cycling stability. After 1000 cycles at 0.2 A g−1, a stable capacity of 194 mAh g−1 with ≈100% capacity retention can be obtained. Even at 2 A g−1 after 10,000 cycles, 98 mAh g−1 can be reversibly achieved. Its practical applicability has been successfully demonstrated in MPT‐CC//graphite full cell, also displaying good performance. This work contributes to a major advancement of phenothiazine‐based polymer design for high performance energy storage devices.
Soybean prediction using computationally efficient Bayesian spatial regression models and satellite imagery
Authors: Fischer Richard J. , Rekabdarkolaee Hossein Moradi , Joshi Deepak R. , Clay David E. , Clay Sharon A.
Published: September 2024

Preharvest yield estimates can be used for harvest planning, marketing, and prescribing in‐season fertilizer and pesticide applications. One approach that is being widely tested is the use of machine learning (ML) or artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to estimate yields. However, one barrier to the adoption of this approach is that ML/AI algorithms behave as a black block. An alternative approach is to create an algorithm using Bayesian statistics. In Bayesian statistics, prior information is used to help create the algorithm. However, algorithms based on Bayesian statistics are not often computationally efficient. The objective of the current study was to compare the accuracy and computational efficiency of four Bayesian models that used different assumptions to reduce the execution time. In this paper, the Bayesian multiple linear regression (BLR), Bayesian spatial, Bayesian skewed spatial regression, and the Bayesian nearest neighbor Gaussian process (NNGP) models were compared with ML non‐Bayesian random forest model. In this analysis, soybean (Glycine max) yields were the response variable (y), and spaced‐based blue, green, red, and near‐infrared reflectance that was measured with the PlanetScope satellite were the predictor (x). Among the models tested, the Bayesian (NNGP; R2‐testing = 0.485) model, which captures the short‐range correlation, outperformed the (BLR; R2‐testing = 0.02), Bayesian spatial regression (SRM; R2‐testing = 0.087), and Bayesian skewed spatial regression (sSRM; R2‐testing = 0.236) models. However, associated with improved accuracy was an increase in run time from 534 s for the BLR model to 2047 s for the NNGP model. These data show that relatively accurate within‐field yield estimates can be obtained without sacrificing computational efficiency and that the coefficients have biological meaning. However, all Bayesian models had lower R2 values and higher execution times than the random forest model.
Thiol‐Ene Coupling Reaction for Functionalization of Non‐Activated Alkenes: An Experimental Study on the Chemistry of the Methyl Oleate Amination
Authors: Polo Mara L. , Echeverri David A. , Soria Laureana R. , Vaillard Victoria A. , Meira Gregorio R. , Vaillard Santiago E. , Ríos Luis A. , Estenoz Diana A.
Published: September 2024

This work investigates the functionalization of molecules with non‐activated internal double bonds via thiol‐ene coupling (TEC) reaction. A comprehensive study of the reaction between cysteamine hydrochloride (CAHC) and methyl oleate (MO) was carried out. A series of reactions were conducted under different operating conditions in order to assess their effect on conversion and selectivity. Different conditions were considered like the type of atmospheres and solvents, a portionwise addition of CAHC, reagents concentrations, and excess of CAHC. Maximum conversion and selectivity were reached under inert atmosphere, diluted conditions, ethanol as solvent, and the addition of CAHC at the beginning of the reaction with a molar ratio of CAHC/MO of 3/1. This provides an approach for analyzing more complex reaction systems.
Gold Catalyzed [3+2] Oxidative Annulation of 1,3‐Enynes with Indoles
Authors: Zou Qiang , Wang Yu‐Jiang , Wan Ya‐Ru , Chen Zili
Published: September 2024

An efficient new method has been developed for the synthesis of ketone‐integrated cyclopentene‐fused indoline derivatives with a high regioselectivity through gold‐catalyzed oxidative cyclo‐coupling of 1,3‐enynes with indoles by using 2,6‐dichloropyridine N‐oxide as the terminal oxidant. A plausible mechanism has been proposed, in which, a cascade process of nucleophilic trapping of the vinyl gold carbene surrogate with indole followed by the subsequent intramolecular cyclization provides the dearomative formal [3+2] cycloaddition product. In addition, a scale‐up reaction and further derivation via cyclopentene's epoxidation & hydrazone derivative's 1,5‐ electrocyclization have been performed.
Phototactic Biohybrid Microrobot Using Peptide Nanotubes‐Coated Microalgae for pH‐Responsive Active Drug Delivery
Authors: Ha Laura , Choi Hyunsik , Singh Ashmeet , Kim Bolam , Kaang Byung‐Kwon , Oh You‐Kwan , Kwang Hahn Sei , Kim Dong‐Pyo
Published: September 2024

Despite the recent wide investigation on active cancer drug delivery, there are still strong medical unmet needs for active tumor‐environment responsive cancer drug delivery in terms of spatiotemporal control. Herein, a biohybrid system of pH‐responsive peptide nanotubes (PNTs)‐coated microalgae for active cancer drug delivery in response to the tumor‐environment is developed. The amphiphilic PNTs are effectively used to encapsulate cancer drugs and coat the living microalgae of C. reinhardtii by electrostatic interactions. The drug‐loaded PNTs‐based biohybrid microalgae maintain agile movement with phototaxis behavior. After in vitro characterization and cytotoxicity assessment, it is shown that the biohybrid microalgae could be phototactically localized to the cancer cells and pH‐responsively disassembled to release cancer drugs in a controlled manner. Finally, with the encapsulation of paclitaxel, the statistically significant suppression of tumor growth in xenograft tumor model animals is successfully demonstrated. Taken together, the feasibility of the multifunctional microrobotic platform for advanced cancer therapy is confirmed.
A High Capacity p‐Type Organic Cathode Material for Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yan , Li Min , Li Zongyang , Lu Yongyi , Li Houmou , Liang Jiaxin , Hu Xinyu , Zhang Libin , Ding Kun , Xu Qunjie , Liu Haimei , Wang Yonggang
Published: September 2024

P‐type organic cathode materials typically exhibit high redox potentials and fast redox kinetics, presenting broad application prospects in aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs). However, most of the reported p‐type organic cathode materials exhibit limited capacity (<100 mAh g−1), which is attributable to the low mass content ratio of oxidation‐reduction active functional groups in these materials. Herein, we report a high‐capacity p‐type organic material, 5,12‐dihydro‐5,6,11,12‐tetraazatetracene (DHTAT), for aqueous zinc batteries. Both experiments and calculation indicate the charge storage of DHTAT mainly involves the adsorption/desorption of ClO4− on the −NH− group. Benefitting from the high mass content ratio of the −NH− group in DHATA molecule, the DHATA electrode demonstrates a remarkable capacity of 224 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1 with a stable voltage of 1.12 V. Notably, after 5000 cycles at a high current density of 5 A g−1, DHTAT retains 73 % of its initial capacity, showing a promising cycling stability. In addition, DHTAT also has good low‐temperature performance and can stably cycle at −40 °C for 4000 cycles at 1 A g−1, making it a competitive candidates cathode material for low‐temperature batteries.
A Highly Tumor‐Permeating DNA Nanoplatform for Efficient Remodeling of Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironments
Authors: Wang Hong , Yang Changping , Wu Tiantian , Fan Jing , Zhu Hanyin , Liu Jianbing , Ding Baoquan
Published: September 2024

The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and limited intratumoral permeation have largely constrained the outcome of tumor therapy. Herein, we report a tailored DNA structure‐based nanoplatform with striking tumor‐penetrating capability for targeted remodeling of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in vivo. In our design, chemo‐immunomodulator (gemcitabine) can be precisely grafted on DNA sequences through a reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐sensitive linker. After self‐assembly, the gemcitabine‐grafted DNA structure can site‐specifically organize legumain‐activatable melittin pro‐peptide (promelittin) on each vertex for intratumoral delivery and further function as the template to load photosensitizers (methylene blue) for ROS production. The tailored DNA nanoplatform can achieve targeted accumulation, highly improved intratumoral permeation, and efficient immunogenic cell death of tumor cells by laser irradiation. Finally, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment can be successfully remodeled by reducing multi‐type immunosuppressive cells and enhancing the infiltration of cytotoxic lymphocytes in the tumor. This rationally developed multifunctional DNA nanoplatform provides a new avenue for the development of tumor therapy.
Self‐Standing Covalent Organic Polymer Membrane with High Stability and Enhanced Ion‐Sieving Effect for Flow Battery
Authors: Zhen Yihan , Xu Ziang , Cao Qingbin , Pang Maobin , Xu Qin , Lin Dongchen , Liu Jing , Wang Baoguo
Published: September 2024

Fabrication of ion‐conducting membranes with continuous sub‐nanometer channels holds fundamental importance for flow batteries in achieving safe integration of renewable energy into grids. Self‐standing covalent organic polymer (COP) membranes provide feasibility due to their rapid and selective ion transport. However, the development of a scale‐up possible, mechanically robust and chemically stable membranes remains a significant challenge. Herein, using irreversible strong secondary amine linkage, we propose a self‐standing COP membrane with sub‐nanometer pores ranging from 4.5 to 6.4 Å, by a simple and efficient in situ polymerization approach. This membrane exhibits enhanced selectivity for proton and vanadium ions, especially excellent electrochemical stability, delivering an energy efficiency of over 80 % at the current density of 200 mA cm−2 over 1000 cycles for an all‐vanadium redox flow battery (VFB). This study provides novel insights for COP‐based ion‐sieving membranes in sustainable energy fields.
Probing Twist‐Induced Endocytotic Membrane Fission using Anisotropic Gold Homodimers
Authors: Fan Zhiying , Mao Xiuhai , Zhu Meng , Hu Xingjie , Li Mingqiang , Huang Lulu , Li Jie , Maimaiti Tumala , Zuo Xiaolei , Fan Chunhai , Li Qian , Liu Mengmeng , Tian Yang
Published: September 2024

Membrane fission involves a crucial step of lipid remodeling, in which the dynamin collar constricts and severs the tubulated lipid membrane at the neck of budding vesicles. Nevertheless, the difficulty in accurately determining the rotational dynamics of live endocytotic vesicles poses a limit on the elucidation of dynamin‐induced membrane remodeling for endocytotic vesicle scission. Herein, we designed a DNA‐modified gold homodimer (AuHD)‐based anisotropic plasmonic probe with uniform surface chemistry, minimizing orientational fluctuation within vesicle encapsulation. Using AuHDs as cargos to image the dynamics of cargo‐containing vesicles during endocytosis, we showed that, prior to detachment from plasma membrane, the cargo‐containing vesicles underwent multiple intermittent twists of ~4° angular orientation relative to plasma membrane with a ~0.2 s dwell time. These findings suggest that the membrane torques resulting from dynamin actions in vivo constitute the pathway to membrane fission, potentially shedding light on how dynamin‐mediated lipid remodeling orchestrates membrane fission.
Light‐ and Temperature‐Controlled Hybridization, Chiral Induction and Handedness of Helical Foldamers
Authors: Aidibi Youssef , Azar Soussana , Hardoin Louis , Voltz Marie , Goeb Sébastien , Allain Magali , Sallé Marc , Costil Romain , Jacquemin Denis , Feringa Ben , Canevet David
Published: September 2024

Helical foldamers have attracted much attention over the last decades given their resemblance to certain biomacromolecules and their potential in domains as different as pharmaceutics, catalysis and photonics. Various research groups have successfully controlled the right‐ or left‐ handedness of these oligomers by introducing stereogenic centers through covalent or non‐covalent chemistry. However, developing helical structures whose handedness can be reversibly switched remains a major challenge for chemists. To date, such an achievement has been reported with light‐responsive single‐stranded foldamers only. Herein, we demonstrate that grafting a unidirectional motor onto foldamer strands constitutes a relevant strategy to i) control the single or double helical state of a foldamer, ii) switch on the chiral induction process from the motor to the helical strands and iii) select the handedness of double helical structures through photochemical and thermal stimulations.
Polymerization‐induced Chiral Self‐assembly for the In situ Construction, Modulation, Amplification and Applications of Asymmetric Suprastructures
Authors: Cheng Xiaoxiao , Zhang Wei
Published: September 2024

In the polymerization‐induced chiral self‐assembly (PICSA) process, chiral functional monomers undergo spontaneous supramolecular self‐assembly and asymmetric stacking during living polymerization, leading to the in situ generation of chiroptical polymer assemblies characterized by diverse morphologies. The PICSA strategy facilitates precise control and manipulation of both non‐covalent supramolecular helices and covalent macromolecular helices within aggregated cores, thereby driving significant advancements in fields such as chiral recognition materials, asymmetric catalysts, nonlinear optical materials, and ferroelectric liquid crystals (LC). This minireview summarizes recent developments in the in situ chiroptical construction and modulation associated with the PICSA methodology. Furthermore, it seeks to elucidate emerging PICSA systems founded on various living polymerization mechanisms, exploring hierarchical chirality transfer processes and the pathway complexities in both equilibrium and non‐equilibrium conditions. This minireview also presents several illustrative examples that demonstrate the practical applications of chiral polymer materials synthesized through the PICSA approach, thereby illuminating future opportunities in this innovative field.
π‐Extension of a Multiple Resonance Core: Double Helical and Heptagon‐Embedded Nanographenes
Authors: Ju Yang‐Yang , Xie Liang‐En , Xing Jiang‐Feng , Deng Qing‐Song , Chen Xuan‐Wen , Huang Ling‐Xi , Nie Guo‐Hui , Tan Yuan‐Zhi , Zhang Bin
Published: September 2024

Multiple resonance (MR) boron–nitrogen doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (BN‐PAHs) have shown compelling thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), surpassing those of their hydrocarbon analogues. However, the structural variety of π‐extended BN‐PAHs remains narrow. In this study, we synthesized three double helical BN‐doped nanographenes (BN‐NGs), 2 a–2 c, and three heptagon‐embedded BN‐NGs, 1 a–1 c, by π‐extension of the MR core. During the formation of 2 a, a nanographene with one heptagon (1 a) was obtained, whereas further dehydrocyclization of the [6]helicene units within 2 b and 2 c led to heptagon structures, yielding other two BN‐NGs containing double heptagons (1 b and 1 c). These BN‐NGs (2 a–2 c and 1 a–1 c) showed pronounced redshifts of 100–190 nm compared to the parent MR core, while preserving the TADF characteristics and prolonging the delayed fluorescence lifetime to the millisecond level. Furthermore, the integration of a heptagon ring into 1 a–1 c expanded the conjugation, reduced the oxidation potentials, and yielded a more flexible framework compared to those of 2 a–2 c. The enantiomers of 2 a–2 c, 1 a, and 1 c were resolved and their chiroptical properties were studied. Notably, 1 a and 1 c exhibited increased chiroptical dissymmetry factors.
Selective Catalytic Combustion of Hydrogen under Aerobic Conditions on Na2WO4/SiO2
Authors: Kipp Elijah R. , Garcia‐Barriocanal Javier , Bhan Aditya
Published: September 2024

Na2WO4/SiO2, a material known to catalyze alkane selective oxidation including the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM), is demonstrated to catalyze selective hydrogen combustion (SHC) with >97 % selectivity in mixtures with several hydrocarbons (CH4, C2H6, C2H4, C3H6, C6H6) in the presence of gas‐phase dioxygen at 883–983 K. Hydrogen combustion rates exhibit a near‐first‐order dependence on H2 partial pressure and are zero‐order in H2O and O2 partial pressures. Mechanistic studies at 923 K using isotopically‐labeled reagents demonstrate the kinetic relevance of H−H dissociation and absence of O‐atom recombination. In situ X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and W LIII‐edge X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies demonstrate, respectively, a loss of Na2WO4 crystallinity and lack of second‐shell coordination with respect to W6+ cations below 923 K; benchmark experiments show that alkali cations must be present for the material to be selective for hydrogen combustion, but that materials containing Na alone have much lower combustion rates (per gram Na) than those containing Na and W. These data suggest a synergy between Na and W in a disordered phase at temperatures below the bulk melting point of Na2WO4 (971 K) during SHC catalysis. The Na2WO4/SiO2 SHC catalyst maintains stable combustion rates at temperatures ca. 100 K higher than redox‐active SHC catalysts and could potentially enable enhanced olefin yields in tandem operation of reactors combining alkane dehydrogenation with SHC processes.
Sublimation Transformation Synthesis of Dual‐Atom Fe Catalysts for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Yan Li , Mao Yu , Li Yingxin , Sha Qihao , Sun Kai , Li Panpan , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , Wang Ziyun , Tian Shubo , Sun Xiaoming
Published: September 2024

Dual‐atom catalysts (DACs) have garnered significant interest due to their remarkable catalytic reactivity. However, achieving atomically precise control in the fabrication of DACs remains a major challenge. Herein, we developed a straightforward and direct sublimation transformation synthesis strategy for dual‐atom Fe catalysts (Fe2/NC) by utilizing in situ generated Fe2Cl6(g) dimers from FeCl3(s). The structure of Fe2/NC was investigated by aberration‐corrected transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. As‐obtained Fe2/NC, with a Fe−Fe distance of 0.3 nm inherited from Fe2Cl6, displayed superior oxygen reduction performance with a half‐wave potential of 0.90 V (vs. RHE), surpassing commercial Pt/C catalysts, Fe single‐atom catalyst (Fe1/NC), and its counterpart with a common and shorter Fe−Fe distance of ~0.25 nm (Fe2/NC‐S). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and microkinetic analysis revealed the extended Fe−Fe distance in Fe2/NC is crucial for the O2 adsorption on catalytic sites and facilitating the subsequent protonation process, thereby boosting catalytic performance. This work not only introduces a new approach for fabricating atomically precise DACs, but also offers a deeper understanding of the intermetallic distance effect on dual‐site catalysis.