bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Свобода открытого моря и борьба с терроризмом
Authors: Анянова Е. С. , Кулебякин В. Н.
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматривается введение контроля за судами, находящимися в открытом море, с целью предотвращения распространения оружия массового уничтожения (ОМУ) и его попадания в руки террористических группировок. Данные меры реализуются в рамках Инициативы по безопасности в борьбе с распространением оружия массового уничтожения (ИБОР-ОМУ) и Протоколов 2005 г. к Конвенции о борьбе с незаконными актами, направленными против безопасности морского судоходства, 1988 г. (далее – Конвенция 1988 г.), а также Протокола о борьбе с незаконными актами, направленными против безопасности стационарных платформ, расположенных на континентальном шельфе, 1988 г. (далее – Протокол 1988 г.) Названная Инициатива закреплена в ряде двусторонних соглашений. Протокол 2005 г. к Конвенции 1988 г. ратифицирован незначительным количеством государств, что подчеркивает неоднозначное восприятие мировым сообществом действий, по существу означающих ограничение свобод открытого моря. В связи с этим говорить о формировании новых норм, направленных на борьбу с деятельностью, связанной с терроризмом в данной области, преждевременно.
Укрепление системы договорных органов по правам человека
Authors: Абашидзе А. Х. , Конева А. Е.
Published: December 2021

Договорные органы по правам человека представляют собой международные органы, осуществляющие контроль над выполнением государствами основных международных договоров по правам человека. В настоящее время существует 10 договорных органов по правам человека, которые сложились в единую систему. В статье анализируются различные инициативы по совершенствованию системы в интересах наиболее эффективного достижения ее целей. Особое внимание уделяется рассмотрению процесса, инициированного Верховным комиссаром ООН по правам человека в 2009 г., и подготовленному в июне 2012 г. по его итогам доклада, а также открытого межправительственного процесса, запущенного в рамках Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН в феврале 2012 г. и продленного до первой половины февраля 2014 г. В статье детально анализируются основные аспекты доклада об осуществлении межправительственного процесса и проекта резолюции по его итогам, представленного сопредседателями межправительственного процесса.
Международно-правовая ответственность государства-нанимателя за противоправные действия частных военных и охранных компаний
Authors: Саврыга К. П.
Published: December 2021

Государства прибегают к услугам частных военных и охранных компаний во время военных конфликтов, оккупации, для выполнения задач, считавшихся ранее привилегией военнослужащих. Однако, так же как и военнослужащие, сотрудники частных военных компаний способны совершать противоправные деяния в нарушение норм международного права. В данной статье, опираясь на Проект статей об ответственности государства за международно-противоправные деяния и прецеденты международных трибуналов, автор рассматривает вопрос об ответственности государства-нанимателя. Автор приходит к выводу, что государство не может избежать ответственности за противоправные деяния путем использования частных военных и охранных компаний вместо своих вооруженных сил. Даже в том случае, если действия сотрудников частных военных компаний выпадают за рамки статей о государственной ответственности, государство все равно может быть признано ответственным в соответствии с неисполнением своих обязательств должной осмотрительности.
Oral health-related knowledge and practices among a cohort of pregnant Portuguese women
Authors:   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry Department, Institute of Paediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry (Coimbra, Portugal), Esteves Margarida , Pereira Joana ,   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry Department, Institute of Paediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry (Coimbra, Portugal), Gomes Carolina ,   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry Department, Institute of Paediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry (Coimbra, Portugal), Cunha Bárbara ,   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry Department, Institute of Paediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry (Coimbra, Portugal), Messias Ana ,   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry Department, Institute of Paediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry (Coimbra, Portugal),   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (Coimbra, Portugal), Costa Ana ,   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry Department, Institute of Paediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry (Coimbra, Portugal),   University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (Coimbra, Portugal)
Published: December 2021

Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge and attitudes regarding prenatal and infant oral health in a sample of pregnant women from Coimbra, Portugal. Methods: A self-applied questionnaire was administered to randomly selected pregnant women who attended prenatal check-ups at two public health institutions in Coimbra. Collected data included sociodemographic information, oral health knowledge and practices in pregnancy, and knowledge on oral health in children. All ethical requirements were met. Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential methods. Variables were tested for independence using a chi-square test with a 95% confidence interval. Results: A total of 120 women enrolled in the study. Although 68.9% of participants brushed their teeth twice daily, 36.4% reported not using floss, with a statistically significant association with age (p=0.004). Half of the respondents had not attended a dental appointment before pregnancy, and 59.2% believed pregnancy could be harmful to oral health. Findings showed limited knowledge of the possible consequences of gingivitis and periodontitis to the course of pregnancy and the importance of diet in oral health. Moreover, a low level of understanding was noted regarding the existence and prevention of early childhood caries. Conclusions: Oral health-related knowledge and practices of surveyed women were in general deficient. Considering pregnancy is a period of particular interest for acquiring knowledge and good oral health practices, which are decisive for both the expectant mother and the child, our results highlight an urgent need to implement prenatal oral health care programs in this study population.
Ekspresja i empatia. Tauromachia okiem Reymonta ("Los toros")
Authors: Samborska-Kukuć Dorota
Published: December 2021

Reymont wrote the short story, 'Los toros', in the year 1907 after coming back from Spain, where he witnessed a corrida in San Sebastián. The choice of the genre was intentional. The writer used it to reflect the realities of life and depict a group portrait of Spaniards, in which he succeeded without a doubt, using all with his literary imagination and ability to make his works metaphoric. Baffled by the corrida as an element of Spanish culture, Reymont did not express his moral approval of torturing animals (bulls and horses) on stage. On the contrary, his narration is full of sympathy and expressions that indicate emotional engagement. The turning point, the act of pardon performed by the young shepherd and the narrator’s friend towards the bull, indicates that Reymont’s reception of the corrida was empathic. Now, we had two conclusions on the contesting of the phenomenon. Reymont’s work was used by the French Chamber of Deputies as a literary example of disapproval of bloody spectacles that are justified by tradition.
O wierszach jak abanicos. Hiszpańskie tropy w poezji Alfreda Marka Wierzbickiego
Authors: Skała Agata
Published: December 2021

Poetry by Alfred Marek Wierzbicki emphasises conspicuous travel routes, so poems inspired by particular places are easily extractable. By analysing poetic images showing Spain and Latin American countries, the author discusses the nomadic nature of the works presented and reconstructs the poetic creed of the author of 'Stąd i stamtąd' [From here and there]. Tracing the intertextual relationships inscribed in the works, the researcher explains the symbolic code hidden in the landscapes and spaces of cities. As the author of the fictional figure called “Pan Credo” [Mr Credo], Wierzbicki is a poet focused on the axiological issues connected with the significance of human existence and the sense of one’s own permanence.
Uprowadzanie mieszkańców Rzeczypospolitej do niewoli przez Tatarów i Turków w oczach siedemnastowiecznych pamiętnikarzy
Authors: Ryba Renata
Published: December 2021

In the 17th century, both the Turks and (much more often) the Tatars invaded Poland. According to historians, the Tatars in particular treated the Polish Republic as an area of economic exploitation. Its most severe form was the forced captivity of inhabitants of the south-eastern borderlands. This was documented by diarists and memorialists of Polish seicento, including Jan Florian Drobysz Tuszyński, Mikołaj Jemiołowski, Joachim Jerlicz, Samuel Maskiewicz, Zbigniew Ossoliński, and Kazimierz Sarnecki. They drew attention to the mass character of the Tatar-Turkish thraldom: not only soldiers but also many civilians were kidnapped by the Tatars, who benefited from human trafficking and thus made them captives. The authors of the diaries documented the circumstances of the attacks, including the time and routes taken by the looters. They drew attention to the state of the captives and reconstructed the human martyrdom.
Il Signor Sienkiewicz (sprawozdanie)
Authors: Chrobak Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

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Stanisława Pigonia wspomnienia młodości i obozowe wspominki
Authors: Borek Piotr
Published: December 2021

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Rozmówki polsko-hiszpańskie. Problemy językowe i próby ich przezwyciężenia podejmowane przez polskich uczestników hiszpańskiej wojny o niepodległość w świetle materiałów wspomnieniowych
Authors: Krzyżostaniak Magdalena
Published: December 2021

The article presents selected mechanisms of communication between the Polish participants of the Napoleonic campaign in 1808–1812 and the local population behind the Pyrenees. The sources of information were the memoirs of Polish soldiers fighting on the Iberian Peninsula in the Grande Armée. Even though a significant part of the memoirs focuses on the military aspects of the participation of Poles in the Peninsular War, several do provide a whole spectrum of information about the daily lives of soldiers on foreign ground and many observations regarding the customs of their brothers in arms – mainly the French – as well as the local population. Among the fragments devoted to the non-military aspects of their stay on the Iberian Peninsula, the remarks on the attempts at communication – both verbal and non-verbal – between Poles and Spaniards seem to be particularly interesting. The purpose of this article is to explain why, in many situations, efficient communication could not take place in an intermediary language (French) and how the Polish soldiers dealt with lexical and grammatical structures in the previously unknown Spanish language. It is worth pointing out that language transfer is clearly noticeable – both from the native language of the soldiers (Polish) and from French, which most of Napoleonic soldiers learnt as their first Romance language.
Analysis of the regional distribution of the state financial resources for implementing anti-tuberculosis measures
Authors: Romanko T. A. , Korzh I. V. , Volkova A. V. , Tereshchenko L. V.
Published: December 2021

To analyze the distribution of the state financial resources for implementing anti-tuberculosis measures in the regions of Ukraine.
Features of conducting an objective structured practical exam in the discipline “Technology of drug”
Authors: Yarema І. О. , Fedorovska М. І. , Grytsyk L. М. , Sinichenko А. V.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the work: features elucidation of the objective structured practical exam (OSPE) on the discipline of “Technology of Drug”, conducting a survey among students to determine the main benefits of OSPE, as well as identifying difficulties that arose during the preparation and passing the exam.

Materials and methods: question papers, checklists for examiners and students, questionnaire, questionnaire results, analytical and statistical evaluation of the obtained data.

Results. The article presents OSPE features in the discipline “Technology of Drug”. The structure of the question paper by the stations 1, 2, 3 is considered, as well as checklists for examiners and students are presented. To determine the main advantages and disadvantages of the organization and conduction of OSPE, a survey was conducted among graduates of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University.

Conclusions. According to the results of the survey, it was found that students noted the high level of organization and conduction of OSPE in the discipline of “Technology of Drug”. At the same time, the difficulties encountered during the preparation for and passing the exam were outlined, including the lack of time to prepare for the exam and the mixed form of education during the year due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Key words: OSPE; technology of drugs; checklists; questionnaire; respondents.
Perbaikan strategi pemasaran sapi Brahman Cross, Peranakan Limousin, dan Peranakan Simental di PT. Tunas Jaya Raya Abadi Nganjuk
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Hasanah Niswatin , Isnaini Zulfa ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Wulandari Suci ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Rukmi Dyah Laksito ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Wahyono Nanang Dwi ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran di PT Tunas Jaya Raya Abadi Nganjuk. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat bantu dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang dioperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi lingkungan di PT Tunas Jaya Raya Abadi Nganjuk sangat baik. Hal ini berdasarkan pada matriks faktor strategi internal yang menunjukkan nilai positif (+), nilai kekuatan lebih besar daripada kelemahan (S=2,22 > W=0,68). Matriks faktor eksternal menunjukkan bahwa nilai positif di mana nilai peluang lebih besar daripada ancaman (O=2,78 > T=0,71). Kondisi lingkungan di PT Tunas Jaya Raya Abadi sangat baik untuk dilakukan usaha, dengan skor total faktor peluang (SO=5). Penentuan strategi yang sesuai yaitu dengan menerapkan selective strategy. Strategi SO yang dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kepada konsumen dengan cara bersikap santun, melayani secara intesif, dan sabar dalam melayani keinginan konsumen serta menjalin hubungan yang baik kepada konsumen dengan menjaga kualitas sapi yang dijual.
Parasit gastrointestinal pada Domba Ekor Gemuk di Kabupaten Jember
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Awaludin Aan , Mariyanto Agustinus Gede Nyoman ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Nurkholis  ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Wulandari Suci ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Nusantoro Suluh ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Muhamad Nur ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Adhyatma M ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Nurfitriani Rizki Amalia ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Syahniar Theo Mahiseta ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Syaikhullah Gayuh ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Andriani Mira ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Nugraheni Yudhi Ratna ,   Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi parasit gastrointestinal yang menginfeksi saluran pencernaan pada Domba Ekor Gemuk di kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel feses segar dari 50 ekor Domba Ekor Gemuk di kabupaten Jember. Pengambilan sampel secara acak dengan tidak membedakan jenis kelamin dan umur Domba Ekor Gemuk. Identifikasi parasit gastrointestinal dengan menggunakan uji apung (flotation methods) kemudian dilakukan pengamatan morfologi telur cacing dan oosista yang ditemukan pada sampel feses Domba Ekor Gemuk. Hasil identifikasi adalah ditemukannya parasit gastrointestinal pada Domba Ekor Gemuk di kabupaten Jember dari kelas nematoda dan protozoa. Parasit cacing kelas nematoda yang teridentifikasi adalah Strongyloides sp., Cooperia sp., Moniezia sp., Capillaria sp., dan Ostertagia sp., sedangkan protozoa yang teridentifikasi adalah Eimeria sp. Prevalensi parasit gastrointestinal didominasi oleh Strongyloides sp. (20%), Eimeria sp. (8%), Moniezia sp. (8%), Capillaria sp. (4%), Cooperia sp. (2%), dan Ostertagia sp. (2%). Kejadian infeksi murni atau infeksi tunggal (single infections) sebanyak 95% dan infeksi campuran (co-infections) sebanyak 5%.
Kajian karakteristik peternak terhadap tingkat kebuntingan sapi potong di Kecamatan Nusawungu, Cilacap, Jawa Tengah
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Nafianda Nezar , Panjuni Mega Mila ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Pratiwi Hanung ,   DinasPertanian  Kabupaten  Cilacap, Awaludin Aan ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Rukmi Dyah Laksito ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Syahniar Theo Mahiseta ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik peternak terhadap tingkat keberhasilan inseminasi buatan (IB) di Kecamatan Nusawungu, Kabupaten Cilacap, Jawa Tengah. Karakteristik peternak yang diamati antara lain usia, tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, pengalaman beternak, dan tingkat kemampuan peternak dalam mendeteksi birahi sapi. Koleksi data primer dilakukan dengan metode survei menggunakan kuisioner dan data sekunder melalui data rekording dari dinas peternakan terkait. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling. Data yang terkumpul ditabulasi, diolah, dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas peternak berusia 41-60 tahun (50%), tingkat pendidikan SMA/SMK (46%), pekerjaan sebagai petani (60%), dan pengalaman beternak sekitar 6-10 tahun (53%). Tingkat kemampuan peternak dalam mendeteksi birahi sapi sebesar 74% melalui tanda-tanda berupa sapi gelisah, bersuara, menaiki ternak lain, dan/atau keluar lendir bening dari vulva sapi. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik peternak dapat menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kebuntingan sapi potong rakyat di Kecamatan Nusawungu Kabupaten Cilacap.
Fundamental Aspects, Mechanical Behaviour and Mathematical Understanding of Friction Spot Stir Welds: A Review
Authors: Fattahi Arash , Supeni E.E. , Ariffïn M.K.A. , Ishak M.R. , Zolfaghari Sahar , Sharaf Hussein kadhim
Published: December 2021

The energy-saving and environmental conservation are increasingly important issues in manufacturing and service industries worldwide that have received considerable attention in recent years. Most importantly, this process eliminates the grain solidification errors generated by the standard fusion process. Thus, in this papers types and methods of stir welding will be explained and discussed accordingly .   Friction stir spot welding is a tunable method as it allows an effective control and amendment of processing parameters using refill and powder-assisted schemes that can solve the problem of the keyhole and mechanical weaknesses in the joining of light metals processed by conventional Friction stir spot welding. This comprehensive review mainly focuses on the fundamental aspects of Friction stir spot welding processes and their impacts on the microstructural features and mechanical performance and mathematical understanding of various similar and dissimilar systems. To conclude, the challenges in further modification of Friction stir spot welding and future outlooks in different engineering applications are presented.
The Role of Internal Control Techniques in Sustainable Development to Improve Financial Performance
Authors: Rashid Raed Naeem , Kareem Hayder Basim , Ali Mohammed Hussein , Hasan Mohammed Faez
Published: December 2021

The study presents the internal control as the main catalyst for the success of the institutional process. The most recent methods are presented in detail in each method and methods of implementation to achieve the desired goal: to circulate the electronic attendance and delivery system through the complaints and suggestions box, conduct a random customer questionnaire that reflects the efficiency of the work . The technological revolution must be approved and dealt with, which benefits government institutions and ensures that institutions continue to progress and achieve the best results and the best services. The administrative and financial control is the evaluation that shows the strength of the mechanisms and the weakness on which the institution depends, where the services of the institution and its activities are improved, which increases the performance of the administration, which is subject to internal control
Comparison between SAW and Knowledge based SAW in Recipe Recommendation System
Authors: Dewi Ratih Kartika , Brata Komang Candra , Afirianto Tri , Candra Ersya Nadia
Published: December 2021

Recipes are used as a reference in processing cooking ingredients to meet personal nutritional needs, considering the ingredients used to make food sold freely that is not necessarily guaranteed in nutritional quality and safe to consume, especially during the pandemic as it is today. So cooking itself becomes a better alternative for the community. With a large number of food recipe options available for various media, the role of a Decision Support System is needed by people who will get food recipe recommendations. Research related to recipe recommendations that have been done are using SAW only and some add experts as a source of knowledge to provide value on the variable time and complexity of cooking recipes. Therefore, in this study, a comparison between the research of recipe recommendations with SAW only and research that added a subsystem of knowledge management derived from experts to support the decision support system of food recipe recommendations was conducted by using correlation testing. The results is there is a strong correlation between knowledge based SAW and user preference to the value of 0.9774. The result is better than SAW only and user preference with the value of 0.7262.
ORGANIZATION OF THE MATHEMATICAL CYCLE DISCIPLINES PROPAEDEUTIC STUDY OF NATURAL SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING DIRECTIONS
Authors:   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Gerasimenko S.A. , Pavlenko A.N. ,   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

Currently, the main trends in the reform of higher education naturally lead to a significant reduction of the part of classroom studies in the educational process, which is extremely negative for the study of the mathematical cycle disciplines due to their abstraction and often cumbersome presentation of the material. Thus, there is a need to increase the effectiveness of contact work and to strengthen the role of students’ independent work. One of the factors contributing to an increase in the effectiveness of contact work is independent propaedeutic consideration of the material under study. The approach to organizing extracurricular independent work in the propaedeutic study of the mathematical cycle disciplines by students of natural sciences and engineering should include the following steps: recalling the facts previously studied, presenting the natural science (engineering) applications in their historical retrospective and presenting the main ideas of this section. The latter is supposed to be performed the most clearly, with the maximum use of interdiscipline relations. To increase the effectiveness of propaedeutic independent work, it is advisable to use appropriate methodological support. As the latter (depending on the section under study), you can use interactive study guide integrated with applications written in various high-level languages, presentations, educational films and study guide in written form. Thus, the preliminary acquaintance with the new mathematical section should be during extracurricular independent work with the widespread use of interactive teaching technologies.
THE EDUCATIONAL GAME AS A TECHNIQUE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NON-LINGUISTIC STUDENTS FOREIGN-LANGUAGE SPEECH ACTIVITY
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Eremina N.V. , Tomin V.V. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

Education faces the challenges of modern society, which is in high demand for effective tools for teaching foreign languages at a non-linguistic university. Today the main approach applied is a combination of traditional and intensive methods relying on a functional-communicative linguodidactic model. In the context of learning a foreign language, students not always have an opportunity for speech practice. The peculiarity of the discipline is that communication is the goal and means of learning. Thus, it is required to frame out the imaginary activities as an operational background of the communication (as means), and to show the necessity of speech acts, without which it is impossible to reach the goals of such activity. It is shown that the most productive way to arrange group communication in class is the educational plot-based role-playing game. Being a methodical technique belonging to the group of active methods of teaching practical knowledge and skills, yet, it is one of the forms of the speech situation organization, used for training purposes. However, the article describes an attempt to prove the advantages of a polylogical form of communication over the dialogic one. It was discovered that the number of game roles influenced the nature of the participants’ verbal interaction and the level of their overall involvement. Besides, regular role-playing in class allowed to raise the general learning level of most students gradually. The obtained results, conclusions, and recommendations allow more extensive use of role-playing for a foreign language learning and upbringing of students.
CONDITIONS FOR FORMING READINESS OF RURAL SCHOOLCHILDREN FOR SOCIAL INTERACTION
Authors:   Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Perm, Russia, Zhiguleva L.Yu.
Published: December 2021

The conditions of modern realities orient the rural school and rural pedagogical community towards ensuring the readiness of rural schoolchildren for social interaction within the framework of these conditions. The current sociocultural, economic and political transformations predetermine new guidelines and value-semantic aspects of social interaction in the conditions of the rural educational environment. These changes completely affect the rural school, which is subject, as well as urban schools, to trends related to technological innovations in education, ways of interaction of participants in the educational process in the new emerging conditions of social life, and most importantly, the development of ways for further successful socialization of students. The author approaches the solution of the problem by analyzing the essence of social interaction and expanding the etymological spectrum of this concept in new sociocultural conditions extrapolated to the life and work of subjects of the educational process in a rural school. The article identifies significant components that determine the content spectrum of the concept of “social interaction”, expanding on the basis of updating social and humanitarian knowledge; rural features in their influence on the process of formation of readiness of rural schoolchildren for social interaction, as well as the conditions for the formation of this readiness. The author considers some aspects that determine important patterns in the implementation of conditions in the formation of the readiness of rural students for social interaction during the period of study and socialization in a rural school.
APPLYING OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN DISTANCE LEARNING CONDITIONS
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Ismailova Sh.A.
Published: December 2021

In modern conditions of informatization of society, the use of information and communication technologies is becoming a necessity. The Internet provides tremendous opportunities to improve the process of language learning, increase motivation and enhance learning activities. In the educational process, teachers can use both ready-made software tools and materials from the Internet, and independently developed electronic textbooks, interactive tasks and tests based on Internet technologies. The author analyzes various platforms that allow you to organize the educational process in the format of distance learning. The article discusses various online services that allow you to create interactive tasks in the discipline for distance learning and in online format. The article provides practical recommendations on the implementation of information and communication technologies in the process of language learning. The author has developed various interactive tasks in the Russian language based on ready-made templates offered by various Internet services and designers. The author explains how to implement such services as Learning Apps, H5P Designer, Learnis educational platform to create your own interactive tasks,. The use of a set of exercises based on interactive technologies is considered as a promising and effective direction of the scientific and methodological work of the teacher. The author concludes that the use of information and communication technologies will increase the level of information competence, motivation in language learning, cognitive activity and logical thinking.
FEATURES OF STUDYING ETHICAL CONCEPTS OF RUSSIAN FAIRY TALES IN THE LESSONS OF RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Avdeeva A.E. , Dmitrieva N.M. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The fairy tales contain plot and language elements that illustrate the ethical concepts of the Russian language picture of the world. Linguistic and cultural unit, which is rich in Russian fairy tale, known to every native speaker, on the one hand, complicate the understanding of them foreigners, and on the other help to understand the “Russian spirit” and traditions of Russian involved in Russian culture and allow formation of linguocultural competence for learners of Russian language. When referring to fairy tales, it is effective to use a linguocultural comment. Linguistic and cultural commentary refers to additional culturally significant information contained in texts and disclosed in their interpretation. This comment can be used at the elementary and basic levels. At an advanced level, you can analyze concepts that reveal the features of the Russian worldview. Ethical concepts reflect the value picture of the human world. These concepts include love and loyalty, humility and submission, joy and suffering, wisdom and patience, charity, and others. Russian fairy tales, describing the way of life, customs and traditions, spiritual and ethical values of the Russian people, are a reflection of the Russian mentality. For successful communication with native speakers and comfortable stay in a foreign language space, foreigners need to understand the values and mentality of the Russian people. Studying ethical concepts in fairy tales in the RFR classes forms a linguistic and cultural competence for foreign students, whose knowledge leads to rapid and successful adaptation in Russia, and the elimination of cultural and communicative barriers when communicating with native speakers of the Russian language.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEMS OF A STUDENT’S PROFESSIONAL SELF-DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Belonovskaya I.D. , Nevolina V.V. ,   Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The article substantiates the psychological and pedagogical concept of a student’s professional self-development, reveals the identified patterns and principles of developing strategies for a student’s professional self-development, establishes an integrative-project mechanism, presents a procedural model. The authors present the experience of implementing the concept of professional self-development of a student, characterize the pedagogical project of an open network experimental Foresight platform “Strategies for the professional self-development of a student.” Professional self-development is ensured by the integration of the components of the strategic potentials of the student’s personality, interaction and higher education on the basis of their accumulation, integration and transformation. Strategies are manifested in the direction of the design and self-design of a promising developing specialist, which creates an impetus for the development of professional and personal competencies. The scientific and pedagogical prerequisites and tendencies for solving the problem of the student’s professional self-development, conditioned by the study of the structure and content of the student’s professional self-development, the specifics of the conditions of education, principles and patterns, organization, forms, means and methods of activating the processes of self-development, have been established.
SELF-EDUCATION AS A TREND OF THE PARADIGM OF KNOWLEDGE CULTURE STUDENT OF PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia, Ivanischeva N.A. , Kochemasova L.A. ,   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

Self-education is one of the main types of student learning activities of the Pedagogical University. In the process of self-education, the intellectual activity regulator is the culture of knowledge. The knowledge of natural science disciplines occurs from the position of the individual style of self-education “outside the template”, reproduction of values of culture and their transformation in the educational work of the individual. The professional and personal qualities of the student reflect its self-educational competence in the aggregate of the objective, motivational-semantic and regulatory and reflective components. The purpose of our study is to identify the levels of self-education competence in students of pedagogical universities of the Volga and Ural Federal Districts of Russia in the field of natural science disciplines and the factors of its development. Cognitive motive and motive of self-realization are key in manifestation of self-education competence. The level of development of self-education competence was recorded by the statistical program “IBM SPSS Statistics 22” on average indicators and selective standard deviation. In our proposed concept, the phenomenon of self-education competence is first reviewed in the context of its development at the subject of the pedagogical profession. We are proved that the need for the creation of pedagogical constructs increases in a transforming educational environment, which would provide a transition from traditional self-education samples to building its own model of scientific and practical training technologies. The results of the study made it possible to identify differences in students of younger and senior courses in personal interest to continuously engage in self-education activities for their professional personal development.
PUPIL SELF-READING AT SCHOOL AND AT HOME
Authors:   Leningrad Regional Institute for the Development of Education, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kamensky A.M.
Published: December 2021

The study examines the issues of introducing a student to independent reading, the development of the need for reading, the ability to choose the right book, and make the appropriate necessary selection of literature. Theoretical research showed the reading preferences of a modern child, a change in the circle of his reading interests. There are approaches to reading on electronic media and in the traditional “paper” format. The interrelation of reading and the child's desire for his own literary creation, the implementation of other types of creative activity is traced. Despite the decline in reading culture, children began to pay much more attention to reading. Large reading projects have emerged, such as Successful Reading, Time to Read, Good Lyre, etc. A national program for the support and development of reading for 2018–2023, Reading Childhood, has appeared. The Good Lyre project was conceived in our basic lyceum No. 590 in St. Petersburg. The essence of the project is to organize a literary competition for professional writers and to involve students, teachers and parents as a public jury to evaluate the works sent to the competition. Its main task is to familiarize schoolchildren with meaningful reading of modern prose, promote their mastery of the technology of independent book selection, and develop the ability to conduct a discussion on what they have read. During the implementation of the project, reading affects the personal development of the student, the formation of his individuality, the stimulation of such processes as self-knowledge, self-determination, self-development, self-realization.
PROS AND CONS OF QUALIFICATION WORK DEFENCE IN STARTUP FORM
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Kiryakova A.V. , Speshilova N.V. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Gorelikova-Kitaeva O.G. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

To date, students of all higher educational institutions of our country have the opportunity to submit for defense as a final qualifying work (WQ) not a classic diploma, but a real startup. Over the four years that have passed since the beginning of the implementation of such an opportunity in practice, many Russian universities, including our Orenburg State University, have developed their own trajectory in this direction. In this article, we have made an attempt to analyze the experience gained. The issue of the legality of accounting for diplomas in the form of startups is considered, the features of start-up projects and the most obvious differences between the final qualification work performed in the form of startups and the classical FQP are highlighted. It is noted that during the transition to a new form of defense, clearly focused on the practical component, the stages of work on the final qualifying work, its structure and procedure for defense change. We identified a number of issues arising in connection with the organization of the defense of FQPs in the form of startups at the University: the inexpediency of distributing start-up diplomas to all students; the need for a detailed development of the Regulation on the protection of the final qualifying work in the form of a startup; revising curricula with the aim of developing students’ skills in developing start-ups and developing their entrepreneurial mindset; Difficulty finding ideas for startups organizational issues related to the appointment, incentives and remuneration of WRC leaders in a new form; providing students with the opportunity to switch to the usual form of protection in the event of a failure in the development of a startup. In conclusion, the advantages of protecting FQPs in the form of startups, identified on the basis of the experience of Russian universities and expert opinions, are presented, and the prospects for the implementation of this form are outlined.
DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE BY MEANS OF GAME APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia, Osiyanova A.V. , Muratova N.A. ,   Orenburg state university, Orenburg, Russia
Published: December 2021

The standards of modern higher education determine the requirements for the preparation of a university graduate who speaks a foreign language and is competent in the field of intercultural communication. In this regard, in the field of linguistic education, the appeal to innovative technologies is being actualized, ensuring the improvement of foreign language communicative competence and increasing motivation for mastering a foreign language. The linguo-didactic potential of gaming applications is of particular interest to researchers. Foreign language communicative competence is the student’s ability and willingness to carry out foreign language intercultural and interpersonal communication in variable authentic spheres and situations. The development of linguistic, speech, socio-cultural, compensatory and educational components of foreign language communicative competence involves the deepening of knowledge, the formation of skills and abilities about all types of speech activity by means of reproductive, problem-search, project and game teaching methods. Learning through play by means of modern gaming applications creates a comfortable environment for active mastery of the language being studied. In the course of observations and experimental work, the linguo-didactic potential of the game applications “Memrise”, “The Phrasal Verbs Machine”, “Quizlet”, “Words, Sounds: Pronunciation App”, “Learn English with SpeakingPal” in the linguistic education of students was revealed, which is expressed in the possibilities their application for the purpose of purposeful assimilation of lexical and grammatical material and its further application in foreign language speech activity, ensuring the development of all components of foreign language communicative competence. The choice of game applications is due to the age characteristics of students, their cognitive interests, the level of foreign language proficiency, the specifics of the integration of synchronous and asynchronous independent work. The study found that the positive effect of using the considered game applications in the development of foreign language communicative competence is manifested in the successful mastering of language material, the development of communication skills, and increased motivation for the educational process in general.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR PARENTS ON PROBLEMS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF PRESCHOOL AND SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
Authors:   Korkytta Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan, Imangalieva Sh.D. , Akhmetova A.S. ,   Korkytta Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan
Published: December 2021

The realities of the modern digital development of the world raise the problems of psychological and pedagogical support of preschool and school children using mobile applications for parents. Of particular interest are mobile applications used in family practice. The experience of developing the most effective directions, forms, methods and technologies of similar applications is of interest. We have carried out a theoretical study of the currently existing applications of psychological and pedagogical support for preschool and school children. It has been established that there is a specific potential of a mobile application based on taking into account personal, cross-cultural characteristics, as well as sensitive, crisis periods of psychological development of preschool and school children. A feature of a number of applications is the support of the process of family education of children from birth to entry into adulthood. To study parent-child relationships, projective methods were used. The relationship between parents and children was studied using the “My Family” methodology. Methods for the study of the relationship between adults and children make it possible to competently build interpersonal relationships of family subjects and form a culture of relations between adults and children in the modern world. Thus, the mobile application can be used as an assistant for parents in psychological and pedagogical support of the child. The difference between the mobile application is the account of personal, cross-cultural characteristics and sensitive, crisis periods of the child's psychological development.
Recognizing the better autograft and the factors influencing outcomes of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Supreeth Sam , Al Ghanami Suwailim , Al Riyami Masoud , Al Habsi Ismail , Panchatcharam Sathiya M. , Abdelmasih Shenouda R.
Published: December 2021

Objectives:

The outcome of revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is inferior to that of the primary reconstruction and is influenced by multiple factors. The purpose of this study was to identify the better autograft suited for revision ACLR and to assess the factors influencing the outcome of revision.

Methods:

A total of 102 patients who underwent revision ACLR were enrolled in this study. The patients were grouped based on the type of autograft used for revision. The mechanism of injury and the cause of the primary ACLR failure, meniscal, and chondral status were noted. All patients’ Tegner Lysholm functional scores were assessed at 2 years of follow-up.

Results:

Almost 37.3% of the patients underwent revision ACLR with bone-patellar tendon bone, 41.3% with semitendinosus-gracilis, and 21.3% with quadriceps tendon autografts. The mean Tegner-Lysholm score was 85.4 ± 15.8, with the majority achieving good to excellent scores. Chondral defect of Grade 3/4 was associated with an inferior poorer functional outcome (P = 0.03). At a 2-year follow-up, the non-contact mechanism of primary ACLR failure was associated with worse scores compared to the contact mechanism of failure (P = 0.03). On comparison of Lysholm functional score between different autografts using the Kruskal-Wallis test, the p-value was insignificant (P = 0.9).

Conclusion:

Non-contact mechanism of primary ACLR failure and Grade 3/4 chondral defects was associated with a poorer functional outcome at 2 years post-revision ACLR. The overall functional outcome of revision ACLR was good to excellent in our Middle East Asian population, with no one autograft found to be superior to the other.
To the question of restudying mineralogical samples from museum collections. I. General Aspects
Authors: Касаткин А.В.
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена проблеме переизучения образцов минералов, хранящихся в музейных собраниях. Подробно рассматриваются два основных направления ревизии музейного материала. Одно из них заключается в переизучении оригиналов первого исследования минералов (type specimens), специально направленном на уточнение существенных характеристик недостаточно исследованных минеральных видов. Второе направление охватывает все остальные образцы, хранящиеся в музейных собраниях. Результатами их переизучения могут быть открытие новых минеральных видов или уточнение характеристик уже известных минералов, находки, в том числе первые, редких минералов на территории определенного региона и в любом случае повышение степени изученности или достоверности диагностики конкретного минерала. Значимость результатов таких исследований определяет актуальность работы по переизучению музейного материала и повышает ценность музейных коллекций.
Phosphorus-containing helvite of the Shakhdarinsky pegmatite vein (Southwest Pamir, Tajikistan)
Authors: Паутов Л.А. , Мираков М.А. , Шодибеков М.А. , Махмадшариф С. , Хворов П.В. , Артемьев Д.А. , Файзиев А.Р.
Published: December 2021

В миароловой пегматитовой жиле Шахдаринская, расположенной на юго-западном склоне Шугнанского хребта на Юго-Западном Памире (ГБАО, Таджикистан), диагностирован гельвин. Минерал обнаружен в виде тетраэдрических кристаллов (0.2–1 мм) и зернистых агрегатов в миароловых полостях в ассоциации с кварцем, щелочным бериллом, литиевыми слюдами, эльбаитом, кальцитом. Цвет гельвина от лимонножелтого до желто-коричневого. Микротвердость VHN = 762. Показатель преломления n = 1.733(2). Плотность 3.22(3) г/см3. Параметр кубической элементарной ячейки a = 8.2705(8) Å, V = 565.7(2) Å3. Приведена рентгеновская дифрактограмма. ИК-спектр близок к опубликованным данным для гельвина, но содержит дополнительные полосы поглощения 1095 и 1048 см–1, возможно, принадлежащие колебаниям PO4- тетраэдров. Химический состав гельвина изучен электронно-зондовым методом и LA-ICP-MS. Среднее по 7 анализам (мас.%): SiO2 32.08, Al2O3 0.25, SnO2 0.04, FeO 11.47, MnO 37.64, ZnO 1.63, CaO 0.07, BeO 13.4, Li2O 0.06, P2O5 0.54, S 5.59, – S = O 2.80, сумма 99.96. Эмпирическая формула (расчет на сумму катионов 10): (Mn2.95Fe0.89Zn0.11Li0.02Ca0.01)3.98(Be2.98Al0.03)3.01(Si2.97P0.04)3.01O12.07S0.97. Гельвин обогащен элементамипримесями (ppm): Sc 297, Li 260, Sn 327, Y 32, HREE 11. Фосфор (P2O5 от 0.1 до 1.1 мас.%), по косвенным данным, входит в гельвин как изоморфная примесь.