bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role Of Trade Unions In Health Protection And Provision Of Safe Working Conditions For Medical Workers
Part 2. Health care Workers' Trade Union Activities
Authors: Kamynina Natalya , Grishina Tatyana , Ramenskiy Pavel , Dashkova Aleksandra , Batsenko Aleksandr
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Healthcare workers are an important part of national healthcare systems ensuring its sustainability. Thus, it is necessary to introduce state mechanisms aimed at protecting their health and ensuring safe working conditions. Moreover, protection of rights and interests of healthcare workers is a matter of social justice. International and national public organizations and especially trade unions of healthcare workers play an important role in dealing with these issues.
The purpose of the study is to consider examples of trade union activities on health protection and provision of safe working conditions in a number of countries upon the data on health issues that experience medical specialists as well as factors influencing these issues.
Materials and methods. A content analysis of the official Internet pages of trade union organizations and their reporting documents for 2015-2024 was performed. Also, such methods as analysis, synthesis, secondary analysis and systematization of data were used.
Results. Around the world, healthcare workers face occupational risks of infectious diseases, and are constantly exposed to various types of biological and non-biological hazards due to their working conditions, which are considered unsafe. Even cases of ill-treatment, threats, attacks or insults during the performance of professional duties are documented. Therefore, protection of health and safety of medical professionals, as well as their social and labor rights and interests is one of the main areas of trade unions as public organizations created on the initiative of healthcare workers.
Applied Social Research in the Healthcare System: New Forms and Meanings of Interdisciplinarity
Authors: Bogdan Ignat
Published: June 2024

This article provides a summary of the V Anniversary Forum with International Participation “Sociology of Health: New Forms of Interdisciplinary Synergy,” which took place at the end of 2023. Based on the materials of the Forum, topical issues in the field of applying social research methodologies to healthcare organization are observed. Among them are such topics as the value and strategies for applying interdisciplinary approaches, the emergence of new trends and understanding of old ones in healthcare digitalization (neural networks, new research methods, gamification, transformation of communication), focusing on certain vulnerable population groups, e.g., the senior population and their health, increasing attention to mental health issues, etc. The Forum offered new forms of interdisciplinary dialogue, connecting standard scientific sections with novel ideas such as immersive spaces. According to survey results, the event was highly appreciated by listeners, showing how well it matched their interests.
Activity of Public Organizations Aimed at Ensuring Health Protection of Women Seafarers
Authors: Gorkunova Olga , Tonkonog Viktoriya , Ryazanova Elena
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Navigation is one of the oldest professions associated with a wide range of factors that negatively affect physical, mental, and social well-being. Besides the general characteristics of the seafarer's profession, the wellbeing of women onboard depends on physiological characteristics, the social environment and the team’s social climate. In international practice, there is a vast experience of the participation of the non-profit sector in addressing issues of seafarers' health. A special attention is paid to women's public organizations, whose activities are focused on women seafarers.
The purpose of the study was to review the activities of public (non-governmental, non-profit) women's organizations aimed at protecting the health of civilian female seafarers.
Materials and methods. In this research, general scientific research methods were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, as well as secondary data analysis of the international study “Women Seafarers' Health and Welfare Survey,” where health problems and accessibility of medical care for civilian female seafarers were discussed.
Results. Civil navigation, both on land and at sea, is regarded as one of the most difficult professions in the world. Working conditions may lead to a wide range of problems with physical, mental, and emotional well-being of seafarers. Women employed in civil navigation face specific problems related to their health and its protection, as well as to the availability of health care. When the protection of women's health is not supported by the shipowner or ship management team, it can be provided by public organizations of women seafarers.
Automation in Healthcare: Advantages, Prospects, Perceptual Barriers
Authors: Lukmanov Аinur , Agaev Vahid , Tsypkin Daniel
Published: June 2024

Introduction. In healthcare, automation refers to the use of technology to replace manual labor with mechanized processes. It offers solutions to some of the biggest challenges in this field by increasing work efficiency and improving the quality of medical care.
The aim of the study was to explore the potential impact of automation on healthcare practices and to investigate the perceptions of healthcare professionals towards these innovations.
Materials and methods. The study utilized general scientific research methodologies, including analysis and synthesis. Through the examination of secondary data,, the findings of a sociological survey conducted by Google Cloud commissioned by Harris Poll were analyzed and presented in the context of the studied topic. The questionnaire was filled in by 300 doctors across the United States.
Results. Over the next years, global automation in healthcare is expected to see a significant growth due to various growth factors including the continuous improvement of healthcare automation technologies, growing public investment, as well as recognition of the benefits of automation in medical logistics processes, laboratory research and other types of medical and related activities. Automation, such as information technology and control systems, reduces individual efforts in multiple procedures.
Trazado del templo prehispánico semienterrado en Cerro Baúl (Moquegua-Perú) y sus relaciones con el paisaje
Authors: Balcarce Villanueva Esteban
Published: June 2024

El presente estudio sobre el denominado templo semienterrado del asentamiento prehispánico (600 d. C. y el 750 d. C.) ubicado en el distrito de Torata, zona rural en la meseta superior de Cerro Baúl (Moquegua-Perú), en el sector poniente, plantea la hipótesis que este conjunto de dos espacios se encuentra construido desde su enclave geográfico donde se está emplazado, desarrollando un modo de habitar el paisaje ceremonial prehispánico en el Cerro Baúl desde las relaciones con su entorno natural y los astros. Específicamente, el sol es culturizado y construido conceptualmente en este conjunto arquitectónico otorgándole un domicilio y sentido cultural, programático en el paisaje desértico del hoy sur peruano. La escala arquitectónica y territorial nos sirve para contener un marco técnico con un enfoque sobre el diseño y planificación del trazado, aplicando un método analítico reconstructivo y   perceptual en el marco del paradigma interpretativo.
Time Management in an EFL Lesson Room: An Analysis of Challenges faced by Senior School Teachers at Bunia in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Makuru Lotsove , Pato Malobi , Mashauri Mumbere Malonga
Published: June 2024

Purpose: To identify reasons why teachers are unable to manage time correctly during the lesson of English. In addition, this study aims at showing how time mismanagement can negatively impact the flow of English language acquisition.
Methodology: This research used exploratory survey design as it required gathering information about a particular group or phenomenon for providing a detailed and accurate picture of the characteristics and behavior of a particular group or subject. The exploratory survey was conducted to have a better understanding of the existing research problem. A simple random sampling technique was adopted for this study.  Data were collected using a questionnaire which was administered to a total number of 20 teachers. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software technique served for data analysis in order to get frequencies and percentages. In order to analyze the qualitative data obtained from the open-ended questions in the teacher questionnaire, the data were firstly coded under themes considering the research questions and the sections and/or questions in the questionnaires. Then, the coded data under thematic categories were converted into frequencies and percentages and displayed in separate tables.
Results: The analysis showed that 50% of teachers of English are unable to manage time in their EFL classrooms and thought that the time allocated to an English lesson is not sufficient. Also, pupils do not easily understand English, and need much time for explanation. Teachers, thus, take much time on pre-communicative activities because there are unexpected interruptions. Thus, teachers miss time to organize communicative tasks which is the last step of a lesson.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Every English lesson go through steps that include Preparation, Presentation (pre-communicative activities), Practice (communicative activities) and Produce/Perform. As each English class has an operational objective, the teacher will verify whether he/she achieved this objective through produce related activities that pupils perform. It will be very difficult for the teacher to have information about achieving the objective if the lesson did come to the perform step. Owing to the importance of time management in an EFL classroom which can contribute to the English language acquisition and to the pupils’ learning motivation, the researchers recommend that enough time be allocated to the teaching of English in an EFL classroom. In addition, Teachers MUST very well plan their classes by avoiding the procrastinate of tasks and reducing time pressure. Moreover, they should adopt good time management as they design teaching goals and learning activities.
Fibrothecoma of the Right Testis in a 44-year-old at the Tamale Teaching Hospital, Ghana: A Case Report.
Authors: Wewoli Bentil A.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Fibrothecomas, a subset of sex cord-stromal tumors, represent 4-5% of all gonadal neoplasms and are typically benign. These tumors predominantly affect the ovaries in post-menopausal women but have also been reported in the testes. Testicular fibrothecomas are rare, presenting as painless masses and often discovered incidentally. Their diagnosis requires a multidisciplinary approach due to their nonspecific clinical presentation and rarity.
Methodology: We present a case of a 44-year-old man with chronic kidney disease who developed a progressively increasing, painful right scrotal swelling over six months. Upon examination, a firm, non-tender mass was found in the right testis. Diagnostic assessments revealed normal blood counts, significant renal impairment, and tumor markers suggestive of a non-seminomatous germ cell tumor. Ultrasound indicated a right testicular tumor with hydrocele. A right radical inguinal orchiectomy was performed successfully, and histopathology confirmed a fibrothecoma of the right testis.
Findings: This case underscores the rarity and clinical significance of testicular fibrothecomas. These tumors are characterized histologically by spindle-shaped cells in storiform or fascicular patterns with variable collagen. Immunohistochemically, they are positive for inhibin, Melan-A, and SMA. Similar cases reported in the literature share characteristics with our case in terms of patient age, diagnostic findings, treatment methods, and outcomes. The benign nature of fibrothecomas suggests that a testis-sparing surgical approach could be considered to preserve testicular function in suitable cases.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Testicular fibrothecoma is a rare benign tumor that requires careful diagnostic evaluation for accurate diagnosis and treatment. This case highlights the importance of considering testicular tumors in differential diagnoses of scrotal swellings, particularly in patients with chronic medical conditions. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical intervention are crucial for optimal outcomes. The rarity of these tumors emphasizes the need for thorough reporting to enhance understanding and management strategies.
Standhouden. Adellijk landgoedbeheer in Nederland
Authors: Van den Broeke Martin
Published: June 2024

Review of a book written by Willemieke Ottens
Evaluation of the effect of the Azadirachta indica leaf syrup on the control of the caterpillar in Trichoplusia ni in the community of Phandira, Dunda, District of Macossa in Republic of Mozambique.
Authors: Parwez Zahid
Published: June 2024

A descriptive experimental study was carried out to have a bird eye view on the effect of the syrup made from leaves of Azadirachta (Margosa) indica A. Juss (Neem) on the control of the caterpillar (Trichoplusia ni) in cabbage seedlings, and the plot method was applied to the samples of 250 seedlings. The trial was carried out between January and May 2022 and a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD was used, with 4 treatments, making a total of 15 experimental units (plots). The area was divided into 3 randomized blocks and each block with 5 plots where the sowing was carried out in lines with a 15 cm compass between lines in the same plot and the seeds were released within each line, without having a space between the seeds within the lines once dealing with a nest. Three parameters were evaluated, Population density, Infestation level and Medium attack level. The collected data were submitted to statistical processing using (SISVAR 5.6) and analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5% of significance, however, significant differences were found for the parameters degree of infestation (GI) and number of caterpillars (NL) related to the percentage of caterpillar mortality when submitted to different doses of Neem extract application.
ADSORPTION OF 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXY ACETIC ACID FROM WATER BY ACTIVATED CARBON
Authors: Uzair Mohammad Kakar  , Mohammad Hassan Hassand  , Atiqullah Sarwari  , Muhammad Hashimi
Published: June 2024

The persistent herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) poses a greater risk to the contamination of water bodies, thus asking for other means of reclaiming water and reuse. The conventional treatment processes, however, are generally not capable of removing this contaminant, which makes scientists search for ways to replace them. This study goes deeper into the use of activated carbon as a powerful yet all-surfacing adsorbent with tremendous abilities to eliminate 2,4-D from water. The chemical and physical characteristics of 2,4-D, such as their incompatibility with endosulfan, instability, and hydrophobicity, are some aspects that make purification difficult by the traditional purification method. Activated carbon, retrieved from materials such as the shells of coconuts and even wood, is among the best options with its porosity, as it has an endless surface area for adsorption, thereby increasing the rate of absorption of 2,4-D. Parameters that determine the adsorption behavior, inclusive of pH, temperature, and initial concentration, are discussed in this study to understand how water pollution can be conducted. The study focuses on activated carbon species, in particular powdered, granular, and activated carbon fibers with unique advantages in achieving 2,4-D removal. There are two methods, intrinsic and extrinsic, that can be used to trigger the surface, and the physicochemical action consists of hydrogen bonding between the activated carbon as an adsorbent and cellulose, which is the main determinant of surface activation. Both molecules interact, as is proven in the application of isotherm models such as Langmuir and Freundlich types, which lead some research reports to indicate challenges and future directions requiring refined purification processes, involving AI in predictive modeling, and interdisciplinarity in addressing 2,4-D contamination in surface waters. Keywords: Activated carbon, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, adsorption, environmental pollution, water contamination.
МЕТОДЫ ХИМИКО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ УСТАНОВОК ПЕРВИЧНОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ НЕФТИ ОТ КОРРОЗИИ
Authors: Р. Т. Кабылдинов
Published: June 2024

В данной статье представлена информация о методах коррозионной защиты оборудования нефтепереработки. Описаны методы химико - технологическим защиты оборудования, а также современные методы коррозионного мониторинга в режиме реального времени. Проведение тщательного анализа особенностей и причин возникновения коррозионного поражения металла установок первичной и вторичной переработки нефти, при эксплуатации как в регламентных, так и отличающихся от регламентного режима, является одним из способов решения проблем антикоррозионной защиты оборудования предприятий нефтеперерабатывающей отрасли. Применение новых методов и средств контроля позволяет улучшить своевременность получения данных о скорости коррозионного поражения металла во времени, с последующим определением причин, вызывающих коррозионную активность. Несмотря на то, что мониторинг коррозии в режиме реального времени позволяет получать более высокую информативность и своевременность параметров коррозионных процессов. Благодаря внедрению систем контроля коррозии специалисты получили возможность использовать скорость коррозии как одну из переменных, которая позволила оптимизировать применение химических реагентов для снижения причин выхода из строя оборудования, повышения эффективности производства и снижения коррозионного воздействия рабочей среды на установках первичной переработки нефти. Данный шаг стал серьезным стимулом в развитии нефтеперерабатывающей промышленности.
SYNTHESIZED Co3O4 NANOPARTICLES BY SOLUTION COMBUSTION METHOD AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION APPLICATIONS
Authors: M. Hashami
Published: June 2024

The unique features and prospective applications of Co3O4 nanoparticles to address environmental concerns have attracted significant interest. As a way to produce Co3O4 nanoparticles efficiently, the solution combustion technique is the main emphasis of this study, which also explores the synthesis, characterization, and many applications of these particles. Co3O4 nanoparticles are an attractive choice for energy storage, sensitive sensors, environmental remediation, and catalysis due to their remarkable features, which include their immense surface area, porosity, density, and magnetic properties. Moreover, Co3O4 nanoparticles show potential characteristics in porosity, electrical performance and environmental remediation such as sensitive sensors and water treatment using XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS and BET instruments. Using Co3O4 nanoparticles in smart technology devices offers a different way to accomplish sustainable development objectives like reducing air pollution, slowing down global warming, and water treatment. The comprehensive overview provided by this review highlights the necessity of further research and investigation to fully realize Co3O4 nanoparticles' potential in addressing serious environmental challenges. Keywords: Co3O4 nanoparticles, solution combustion, porosity, sensitive sensors, environmental remediation.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR TEDARİKÇİ SEÇİMİ: KÜRESEL BULANIK AHP TABANLI CODAS YAKLAŞIMI
Authors: Nebati Emine Elif
Published: June 2024

İşletmeler, rekabette yarışabilmek için değişmek zorundadır. Teknolojinin hızlı değişimi, artan çevre ve iklim sorunları da bu değişimi hızlandırmıştır. Bu değişim sürecinde sadece karlılık değil, aynı zamanda sürdürülebilirlik de büyük önem taşımaktadır. Tedarik zinciri yönetiminde de güncel yaklaşımlardan biri sürdürülebilir tedarik zincir yönetimidir. Sürdürülebilirliği kapsamlı ve metodik bir yaklaşım olarak benimseyen araştırmacılara göre, sürdürülebilirliği tedarik zincirine bağlamak, operasyon yönetiminde hayati bir adımdır. Sürdürülebilir tedarik zinciri probleminde firmalar çalışacağı firmaları seçerken birden fazla kriteri göz önünde bulunduracağı için karmaşık bir yapı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, PVC ve Alüminyum makineleri sektöründe sürdürülebilir tedarikçi seçimi için ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel olmak üzere üç ana kriter ve 16 farklı alt kriter belirlenmiştir. Kriterlerin ağırlıklandırılmasında Küresel Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP), tedarikçilerin sıralanmasında Birleştirilebilir Uzaklık Tabanlı Değerlendirme (CODAS) yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Önerilen metodolojinin güvenilirliği için duyarlılık ve karşılaştırma analizi yapılmıştır. Bilindiği kadarıyla, önerilen metodolojinin alanda ilk kez olması sebebiyle, çalışmanın sektördeki karar vericilere ve yazına katkı sağlaması umulmaktadır.
Connecting to Fitness: Exploring The Impact of Social Fitness Apps on User Behavior and Outcomes
Authors: Ms. Khushali Lathigra  , Mrs. Sushmita Giri
Published: June 2024

This study explores how users' attitudes, behaviour’s, levels of physical activity, and usage patterns are affected by Social Fitness Applications (SFAs). The impact of SFAs on fitness reveals a strong positive relationship between app usage and increased participation. Individuals exhibit increased drive and faithfulness to exercise regimens thanks to these apps. Assessment of users' attitudes and actions after using SFA highlights a favourable change toward commitment to and awareness of fitness. SFAs encourage users to set goals, feel accountable, and receive social support, all of which increase the likelihood that users will continue to engage in physical activity over time. An analysis of usage patterns indicates diverse engagement strategies employed by users. While some prioritize tracking and goal setting features, others gravitate towards community engagement and virtual challenges. This variability highlights the versatility of SFAs in catering to individual preferences and needs. Recommendations include promoting SFAs through targeted marketing campaigns to amplify awareness and adoption, enhancing app features to cater to diverse user preferences, investing in user education to maximize utility, and continuously monitoring and analyzing usage data to refine app functionalities and user experiences
From Cirrhosis to Hepatogenous Diabetes: Risk Factors and Glycemic Management
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Huipeng , Zeng Yunqing , Guo Yixuan , Zhou Tao , Liu Changhong , Ji Rui , Gao Yanjing
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Our study analyses the risk factors associated with hepatogenous diabetes (HD) and compares glycemic control under various treatment modalities.

Material and methods

The multicenter study comprised 327 patients with HD, while 329 non-diabetic liver cirrhosis (LC) patients were picked as the control group for examining HD risk factors. Three groups of HD patients with HbA1C were distinguished based on their glucose-lowering treatment regimen to compare glycemic control.

Results

The results indicated that longer disease duration of cirrhosis(OR = 1.111, 95% CI 1.072–1.152, P < 0.001), vertical transmission of hepatitis B(OR = 2.254, 95% CI 1.239–4.103, P= 0.008), a high Child-Pugh grade (OR = 1.566, 95% CI 1.202–2.041, P = 0.001) and higher blood triglyceride levels (OR = 2.695, 95% CI 2.054–3.537, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for HD. A history of endoscopic treatment (OR = 0.615, 95% CI 0.407–0.928, P = 0.021) was a protective factor for HD. Insulin or insulin in combination with oral hypoglycemic agents are more effective compared to oral medication alone (P1 < 0.05, P2 < 0.05).

Conclusions

The risk factors for HD include prolonged duration of LC, vertical transmission of hepatitis B, higher Child-Pugh grade, and elevated blood triglyceride levels. A history of endoscopic treatment was found to be a protective factor. Glycemic management was substantially enhanced among patients who received insulin therapy, either alone or combined with oral hypoglycemic drugs, as opposed to those who depended solely on oral hypoglycemic agents.
Effect of weight around ankle on decreasing hip flexion excursion during gait in children with diplegia
Authors: Ibrahim Nahla M. , Abbass Mai Elsayed
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Children with diplegia have considerably larger hip flexion excursion during the gait cycle than normal developing children. There have been few studies that look at the effect of ankle loading on gait in children with hemiparesis, but none that look at the effect of ankle loading on hip flexion angles during gait in children with diplegia, to our knowledge. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of using a weight around the ankle on the degree of hip flexion excursion in children with diplegia.

Methods

Fifty children with spastic diplegia were assigned into 2 groups at random (A, B). Both groups received the same prescribed exercise program with gait training for group A and gait training while using a weight around the ankle for group B. Treatment was conducted for 1 hour 3 sessions/week for 3 successive months. Two-dimensional (2D) gait analysis was used to evaluate hip excursion throughout the gait cycle before and after the 3 months of therapy.

Results

Mixed design MANOVA was used to study the effect within each group and between the 2 groups. A comparison of both groups after treatment demonstrated a significant decrease in right and left hip flexion excursion in the initial swing, mid-swing, terminal swing, initial contact, mid-stance, and pre-swing (p > 0.01). There was no significant difference in loading response between groups after treatment (p = 0.3).

Conclusions

Using weight around the ankle during gait helped to decrease the degree of excessive hip flexion excursion during gait in children with diplegia.
Correlation of muscular strength and balance in relation to single leg squat analysis in male football players – an observational study
Authors: Patil Mrugnayani Chandrashekhar , Babu Sarath
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Individual participation in sports with inadequate preparation, especially during competition, results in an increased incidence of injury. Athletes commonly suffer from lower extremity musculoskeletal pain. During growth, several biomechanical factors contribute to muscular imbalance, which results in injury. The aim of the current study was to determine the correlation between lower extremity strength and balance in relation to single leg squat depth.

Methods

A total of 100 male football players were included in the study. Lower extremity qualitative and quantitative squat analyses were performed for both legs. Isometric strength and balance for the lower extremities were assessed via a dynamometer and the Y balance test, respectively.

Results

There is a moderate correlation between the visual squat performance and the strength of the hip extensor in the dominant leg and the hip abductors in the non-dominant leg. A moderate correlation of the maximum squat depth was found with the hip abductors, hip extensor, and knee flexor on the dominant side. The p value was < 0.05 and the r value was between 0.50 and 0.70, which was considered significant.

Conclusions

Strength and balance both influence squat performance. Balance has a stronger influence than strength in single leg squat performance.
Effects of muscle energy techniques versus corrective exercise programme on pain, range of motion and function in patients with upper cross syndrome: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Hanif Arooj , Ahmad Ashfaq , Arslan Syed Asad Ullah , Asghar Momna , Zaheer Anna , Shafiq Hira
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Upper crossed syndrome (UCS) is a common musculoskeletal issue that includes the dysfunctional tone of the muscles in the shoulder girdle or cervicothoracic region. The objective of the current study is to compare the effects of muscle energy techniques with the National Academy of Sports Medicine-based exercise protocol on pain, range of motion, and disability in patients with UCS.

Methods

It was a single-blinded randomised clinical trial carried out in the Physiotherapy Department of the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Pakistan. Fifty patients with upper cross syndrome aged between 20 to 35 years were randomly allocated into two groups: group A (routine physical therapy combined with muscle energy techniques) and group B (routine physical therapy combined with the National Academy of Sports Medicine-based exercise protocol) for three sessions per week for total 8 weeks. Data were collected at baseline, 4th, 8th, and 12th week for assessing the long-term effects of the treatment protocol as well. The Visual Analogue Scale, Neck Disability Index, and an inclinometer were used to measure the pain, disability, and range of motion of the cervical region, respectively. The data was analysed using SPSS version 23.0 (IBM, New York, USA).

Results

Out of 50 participants, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of all the participants in experimental group A was 29.76 ± 2.89 and that in experimental group B was 30.56 ± 2.48. At the 4th, 8th, and 12th week, pain and disability were significantly (p-value < 0.05) reduced and cervical range of motion was significantly (p-value < 0.05) improved within both groups. After 8 weeks of treatment, a significant between-group difference was seen in favour of group A in terms of cervical range of motions (flexion, extension, rotation, and side bending) with p-values of less than 0.05 and in favour of group B in terms of pain (p-value 0.03) and disability (p-value 0.04) was seen. These differences were maintained at the 12th week follow-up as well.

Conclusions

This study concluded that both NASM (National Academy of Sports Medicine-based exercise protocol) and METs (muscle energy techniques) are effective treatment options for people with upper cross syndrome. It was also concluded that METs are more effective in improving Range of motion (ROM), while the NASM-based exercise protocol is more effective in improving symptoms of pain and neck-related disability.
Eccentric training vs muscle energy technique in adjunct to low-level laser therapy for lateral epicondylitis
Authors: Sumedha Govindaswamy , Gurudut Peeyoosha , Welling Aarti
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is considered a mainstay intervention for lateral epicondylitis (LE) with clear evidence. Eccentric Exercises (EE) and Muscle Energy Technique [MET] have been shown to be beneficial individually. However, trials are lacking where the above two approaches are compared. Further, no comprehensive EE protocol exists for LE. Hence, this study aimed to develop an EE protocol and evaluate the effectiveness of the EE protocol versus MET as adjuncts to LLLT for the management of LE.

Methods

A total of 34 (n = 17 in each group) participants with LE were randomly allocated to two study groups (EE and MET). The participants received either EE or MET along with LLLT as a common intervention over 3 weeks. The outcomes measured were pinch strength, grip strength, and pain pressure threshold, assessed at pre-intervention and post-intervention (3rd week). The patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) questionnaire was assessed at 4 points in time: pre- and post-3 weeks with follow-up in the 6th week and 12th week.

Results

When compared between the groups, a statistically significant difference was noted with the EE group being more effective than the MET group for pain pressure threshold (p = 0.001), key pinch strength (p = 0.003), tripod pinch strength (p = 0.107), grip strength (p = 0.046), pain and functional disability (p = 0.001).

Conclusions

Although both EE and MET were effective in treating lateral epicondylitis, eccentric exercises were superior to the MET group even at the 6th and 12th week follow-up, suggesting a longer-lasting effect of EE without recurrences.
Effectiveness of combined therapy in physical therapy for the management of musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: de la Barra Ortiz Hernán Andrés , Alfaro Leiva Cristóbal , Alfaro Lillo Camilo , Carvajal Álvarez Diego , Cuéllar Pizarro Bastián
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Therapeutic ultrasound and electrotherapy are commonly used in physical therapy for musculoskeletal pain (MSP) management. Combined therapy (CT) is a resource that merges both techniques, enhancing the analgesic effects of both treatments, although studies are limited.

Objective

To determine the effectiveness of CT in physical therapy for the management of MSP.

Methods

The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cinahl, Science Direct, and PEDro databases were searched for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) (updated June 5, 2024). RCTs comparing CT with other physical therapy treatments for MSP were included. Thirteen studies met the eligibility criteria, including those of the qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis types. The Cochrane Rob2 tool was used to assess the articles’ quality.

Results

RCTs were assessed as having a low risk of bias for all RoB2 domains. Although the qualitative synthesis reports a reduction in pain, an increase in ROM, and less disability in favour of CT, the quantitative analysis only shows large, statistically significant effect sizes (Cohen’s d) (p < 0.05) for the standardised mean differences (SMD) in pain (SMD = 0.9; CI = 0.8, 1.1) and ROM (SMD = –0.93; CI = –1.1, –0.8). These analgesic and ROM benefits improve when CT is applied with interferential currents (Pain: SMD = –1.54; IC = –1.8, –1.3) (ROM: SMD = 2.28; CI = 1.8, 2.7). Although the analgesic evidence was qualified as important, the heterogeneity obtained in the studies (I2 > 75%) moderates its degree of recommendation.

Conclusions

This SR shows that CT has better analgesic effects than TENS, interferential currents, or therapeutic ultrasound alone, which supports the idea of a combined analgesic effect. The researchers propose dosage recommendations for clinical practice and future research.
Contribution of Critical Thinking to Effective Learner Transformation in Teaching of Bible-Based Courses in Chartered Christian Universities in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Muhia Margaret Wambui , Cole Victor , Kitur John
Published: June 2024

This paper aimed to assess the contribution of critical thinking in teaching Bible-based courses for learner transformation in charted Christian universities in Nairobi. Considerable resources have been allocated to train lecturers in using critical thinking in their teaching methods. However, there needs to be more knowledge regarding the actual impact of this training. Biblical worldview and transformative learning theory underpinned this study. Descriptive analysis was employed to establish the relationship between using critical thinking in teaching Bibe-based courses and learner transformation. A cross-sectional survey research design was used, specifically targeting 63 lecturers who teach Bible-based courses, and the response rate was 100 per cent. The census method was used. Further, regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship between the variables at a significant level of 0.05. There was a significant relationship between critical thinking and learner transformation. This suggested that using essential thinking would lead to the learners' growth in Christian identity as critical thinking in the learning process supports learners in being analytical and rational. It allows students to actively explore, examine, and generate ideas within real-world scenarios significant to the learners. Christian Higher Education aims to produce morally transformed graduates with a Christian identity as agents of societal change. The researcher recommends that Christian Higher Education adopt critical thinking for their learners' knowledge, behaviour, skills, and attitude change.
Residuos sólidos y aguas residuales de los centros de salud (I-4) de la ciudad de Cusco
Authors: Cardeña Unda Karina
Published: June 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar los residuos sólidos y aguas residuales generados en los centros de salud de primer nivel de atención (I-4) en la ciudad de Cusco, desde su generación hasta su disposición final,determinando las características de los residuos sólidos, identificación de los puntos críticos en cada etapa de su manejo y la evaluación de las aguas residuales. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron la observación directa yentrevistas para evidenciar las prácticas del personal responsable del manejo de residuos y la observación laboratorial para el análisis de aguas residuales, según normativa vigente. El estudio se realizó en todos losservicios del Centro de Salud de Belenpampa, C.S de San Jerónimo y sus efluentes. El C.S de Belenpampa generó 30,33 Kg/día de residuos entre: biocontaminados (65,29 %), comunes (33,23 %) y especiales (1,48 %) y el C.S de San Jerónimo produjo 24,98 kg/día clasificados en Biocontaminados (51, 27 %), comunes (43,4 %) y especiales (5,33 %), los puntos críticos en C.S de Belenpampa fueron el acondicionamiento, segregación y almacenamiento final y en el C.S de San Jerónimo el acondicionamiento y segregación. Los parámetros de las aguas residuales que superaron los límites permitidos son: las grasas y aceites, coliformes totales y Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO). Concluyendo que el manejo de residuos sólidos en sus diferentes etapas es inadecuado, existiendo puntos de manejo muy deficientes y algunos parámetros de aguas residuales sobrepasan los Límites Máximos Permitidos (LMP) por tanto, las aguas residuales presentan una baja biodegradabilidad.
Evaluación de la Contaminación del Aire por Material Particulado PM2.5 en la ciudad del Cusco Respecto de los Índices de Calidad del Aire entre 2017 y 2018
Authors: Warthon Olarte Bruce Stephen , Zamalloa Ponce de Leon Ariatna Isabel , Warthon Ascarza Julio Lucas , Miranda Hankgo Iván Cesar , Quispe Ccolque Ivan Rubén , Ramos Salcedo Victor Fernando , Ponce Amanca Rafael Eduardo , Tupayachi Latorre Ruben Alfredo
Published: June 2024

En este artículo científico, se llevó a cabo una evaluación exhaustiva de la contaminación del aire por material particulado PM2.5 en diferentes áreas de monitoreo de la ciudad del Cusco durante los años 2017 y 2018. El objetivo central de la investigación fue analizar concentración de PM2.5 en varios puntos de la ciudad, utilizando un enfoque de muestreo predeterminado. Se recolectaron múltiples mediciones en cada punto, realizadas en intervalos de 24 horas, y obteniendo los valores de concentración mediante gravimetría y posteriormente se calculó el promedio de estas mediciones. Este proceso de recolección y análisis de datos siguió las pautas normativas establecidas por la Agencia de Protección Ambiental de Estados Unidos (EPA). Los resultados obtenidos revelaron un panorama preocupante de la contaminación del aire en la ciudad del Cusco. Más del 84% de los sitios monitoreados presentaron una calificación mala en los Índices de Calidad Ambiental (INCA) establecidos por el Ministerio del Ambiente del Gobierno Peruano. Estos hallazgos indican que la población de Cusco está expuesta a niveles perjudiciales de PM2.5. Un punto destacado de la investigación es el distrito de San Jerónimo en Cusco, donde se registró una concentración promedio de 125 ug/m3 de PM2.5. Esto coloca esta área en el umbral de cuidado, representado por el color rojo en los INCA. Estos niveles elevados de PM2.5 en San Jerónimo se correlacionan con el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades pulmonares crónicas y cardiovasculares, concluyendo que según los INCA el aire de la ciudad del Cusco es mala.
Molecular diagnosis of parasitic diseases in Korea
Authors: Huh Sun
Published: June 2024

The aim of this review is to provide practical guidance for the molecular diagnosis of parasitic diseases in Korea in 2024. Specifically, the prevalence of parasitic diseases, commercially available molecular diagnostic kits, and reference laboratories for molecular diagnosis are presented. It is based on the literature and the medical diagnosis device database of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. In Korea, molecular diagnostic kits are available for intestinal protozoa (Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium hominis, and Cryptosporidium parvum), Trichomonas vaginalis, and malarial parasites. Molecular diagnosis of other parasites is also possible; however, there is no commercially available kit. Therefore, parasite samples or derivatives for molecular diagnosis should be sent to specific laboratories, the parasitology departments of medical schools, or the Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Bureau of Infectious Disease Diagnosis Control at the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. In commercial diagnostic kits, multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to rapidly and easily detect the amplified parasitic DNA. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was developed to diagnose T. vaginalis and Acanthamoeba infections. Its merits are that it does not require a PCR machine and has a short test time of approximately 60 min. Although LAMP is not commercially available, it may be widely used to screen for parasitic diseases. Commercial molecular diagnostic kits for parasitic diseases are limited to the clinical setting in Korea. Available kits are used to diagnose certain intestinal protozoa, T. vaginalis, and to differentiate Plasmodium species using multiplex PCR.
Serological diagnosis of tissue-invading parasites in Korea
Authors: Choi Min-Ho
Published: June 2024

Although intestinal parasites are no longer considered a significant public health concern in Korea, tissue-invading parasites continue to pose clinical challenges. The diagnosis of tissue helminthiasis by recovering worms or larvae from tissues is invasive; therefore, serodiagnosis is widely used to diagnose infections caused by tissue-invading parasites. Among the serological tests, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most commonly used, and various antigens, including crude antigens, excretory-secretory antigens of helminths, and cystic fluid of larval tapeworms, are used to detect specific IgGs against parasite antigens in the sera or cerebrospinal fluid of patients. A multi-antigen ELISA was used to diagnose four major tissue parasitic infections: clonorchiasis, paragonimiasis, cysticercosis, and sparganosis. In addition to these four parasitic infections, ELISA remains a valuable diagnostic method for toxocariasis, trichinellosis, fascioliasis, echinococcosis, and other diseases. A comprehensive history of the mode of transmission of the suspected parasites and the patient’s residence in or travel to an endemic area may help in making a definitive diagnosis. For the management of patients with eosinophilia in Korea, it is essential to perform ELISA for the differential diagnosis of toxocariasis. Serological tests have the disadvantage of being unable to differentiate between past and current infections, and the possibility of cross-reactivity requires careful interpretation. It is important to note that the results of serological tests are not necessarily conclusive and should be interpreted in the context of other symptoms, as well as clinical and imaging findings.
A Comparative Assessment of Bacteria Associated with Fried and Dry-Smoked Fish in Some Locations in Makurdi, Nigeria.
Authors: A. G. Tyokusa, , N. S. Hwande,
Published: June 2024

Thirty-two samples of fried and smoked fish were collected from four different locations (Watada, High-level, North bank and Wurukum) in Makurdi. Serial dilutions were prepared and appropriate dilutions inoculated onto Nutrient and Salmonella/Shigella agar. The bacterial load of the samples was determined and the colony forming unit per gramme (cfu/g) of fried fish samples ranged from 2.0×108 to 3.8×108 cfu/g while that of dried fish samples ranged from 4.3×108 to 7.8×108 cfu/g indicating that the dried fish samples were more contaminated. A total of 9 bacterila species were isolated from the 32 samples which includes, E. coli, Staphylococcusaureus, Bacillus spp, Shigella spp, Salmonella spp, Klebsiella spp, Micrococcus spp, Listeriamonocytogenes, and Pseudomonas spp. The percentage (%) occurrence of the bacteria isolates indicates that E. coli, Staphylococcusaureus, and Bacillus spp, showed 100%, Micrococcus spp 43.75%, Klebseilla spp 31.25%, Shigella spp and Salmonella spp 21.88% each, Listeria monocytogenes 18.75%, and Psedomonas spp 12.5% percentage frequency respectively. Results from this study showed that, samples collected from Wadata were the most contaminated, followed by those from North Bank, then those from Wurukum and those from High Level had the least contamination. The antimicrobial susceptibility test on the bacterial isolates showed that, 3 of the isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Pseudomonas spp) were multi-drugs resistance. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistance to Penicillins and Glycopeptides as it showed 60.7%, 62.5%, and 25.5% resistance to Oxacillin, Penicillin G, and Vancomycin respectively. E. coli and Pseudomonas spp isolates were both resistant to Tetracyclines and Penicillins. The resistance shown by E. coli isolates were 32.2% and 36.9% to Tetracycline and Ampicillin respectively while Pseudomonas spp isolates showed 54.5% and 79.3% to Tetracycline and Ampicillin respectively.
AKIBAT HUKUM DALUARSA ATAS PEMBELIAN AGUNAN DEBITUR OLEH KREDITUR (BANK) SECARA LELANG ATAU PENYERAHAN SUKARELA MENGGUNAKAN MEKANISME AGUNAN YANG DIAMBIL ALIH (AYDA)
Authors: Siahaan Hasan , Ginting Budiman , Saidin O. K
Published: June 2024

Penjualan agunan kepada kreditur khususnya bank mendapat pengecualian dari UU No.7 Tahun 1992 Tentang Perbankan Pasal 12A yang mengatur bahwa “Bank” dapat membeli agunan debiturnya sendiri dengan ketentuan agunan yang tersebut wajib dicairkan secepatnya selambat-lambatnya dalam jangka waktu (1) satu tahun. Selain itu, bank juga dilarang memiliki agunan yang telah dibeli. Ketentuan ini merupakan hukum memaksa (dwingendrecht) yang wajib (mandatory)  dijalankan oleh bank tetapi Undang-Undang tidak mengatur akibat hukum terhadap kedudukan Agunan apabila kewajiban menjaul terlampaui. Semantara daluarsa menentukan “adakalanya Undang-Undang memberikan haknya untuk suatu waktu tertentu. Apabila tidak dipergunakan dalam jangka waktu tersebut, maka gugurlah hak tersebut. Di sisi lain, bank telah membayar lunas harga agunan dan set-off kredit. Aturan pelaksanaan lelang keabsahan lelang tidak mengatur daluarsa terkait pembeli lelang AYDA. Maka berdasarkan asas Lex Superior derogat legi inferiori, aturan pelaksanaan lelang dalam hal bank menjadi pembeli lelang agunan debiturnya harus berpedoman pada Pasal 12A UU Perbankan selaku Undang-Undang yang lebih tinggi. Setelah bank membeli agunan tanah menggunakan mekanisme AYDA, Maka bank memperoleh hak menguasai/mengalihkan agunan selama dalam kurun waktu 1 tahun, Apabila hak menjual agunan terlampaui (daluarsa)/tidak digunakan, maka hak tersebut hangus karena daluarsa menurut Undang-Undang. Selain karena telah kehilangan hak, Agunan tanah yang dijadikan aset fixed asset batal demi hukum karena tidak memenuhi syarat sah perjanjian karena bertentangan dengan larangan pemilikan agunan yang diatur dalam Pasal 12A UU Perbankan. Karena itu kedudukan agunan kembali menjadi hak debitur/pemilik agunan dengan tidak mengurangi hak kreditur untuk menagih piutangnya.