bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Congenital Heart Disease and COVID-19: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Öncül Mehmet , Karakurt Cemşit , Elkıran Özlem , Bağ Harika Gözde Gözükara
Published: May 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been infecting children since December 2019 and has caused a severe epidemic and millions of deaths worldwide. COVID-19 has severe clinical effects and is more complicated to manage in patients with underlying diseases, such as congenital heart disease (CHD), past surgical operations, arrhythmia, and end-organ damage. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical course, follow-up, and treatment process of patients with CHD and COVID-19 in Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Turkey during March 2020-February 2021. Methods: This retrospective study was performed on patients with CHD and COVID-19 in the Department of Pediatrics at Inonu University Faculty of Medicine during March 2020-February 2021, selected by making full count sampling. Admission complaints, clinical findings, biochemical parameters, echocardiography results, hospitalization times, treatments, and clinical follow-up findings were retrieved from patients' files. Results: 11 patients with underlying CHD and COVID-19 were evaluated retrospectively during the study. Ten patients were hospitalized and treated due to COVID-19. Treatment of seven of these patients continued in the intensive care unit (ICU), and five were followed up under a mechanical ventilator. Two patients died during follow-up in the ICU. Conclusions: The clinical course of COVID-19 is severe, and the mortality rate is high in patients with serious diseases, such as underlying CHD. Therefore, COVID-19 in patients with CHD requires more serious and careful follow-up.
Changes in pharyngeal anatomy and apnea/hypopnea index after a mandibular advancement device
Authors: Cortes-Mejia Juan-Manuel , Boquete-Castro Ana , Arana-Lechuga Yoaly , Terán-Pérez Guadalupe Jovanna , Casarez-Cruz Katiuska , González-Robles Rosa Obdulia , Velázquez-Moctezuma Javier
Published: May 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effcacy of custom-made mandibular advancement devices (MAD) in the control of primary snoring and sleep apnea and to correlate with anatomical changes identified through imaging tests.

Methods: Patients (n = 17) diagnosed with sleep apnea or primary snoring were included in this study and subsequently treated with MADs. Changes were assessed using a polysomnographic study (PSG), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and an imaging study with computed tomography scanning (CT). Studies were performed before and after the use of MAD. Anteroposterior measurements were taken in the sagittal plane at the hard palate, glottis, and supraglottic levels along the hard palate axis. Afterward, measurements were taken in the axial plane at the same levels along the hard palate axis.

Results: From the six recorded measurements, the airway caliber increased by five. However, these changes were significant only in two measurements (sagittal hard palate and axial supraglottic). Snoring was controlled in 16 of the 17 subjects. From these sixteen, 12 subjects had a correct opening of the airway at the hard palate level. Moreover, daytime sleepiness decreased in all subjects.

Discussion: Present results suggest that sagittal hard palate and axial supraglottic opening after use of MAD are mainly responsible for eliminating snoring and improve sleep apnea.
The effects of lateral pharyngoplasty on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Iglesias Érika Pérez , Cahali Michel Burihan
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a known risk factor for development of carotid atherosclerosis. The treatment of OSA, through positive pressure devices or surgical procedures, may reduce the signs of subclinical atherosclerosis in apneic patients.

Objective: The decrease of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) after treatment of OSA remains a highly controversial issue. Our purpose is to compare CIMT, which represents an early sign of atherosclerosis, before and at least 6 months after lateral pharyngoplasty in patients with OSA.

Material and Methods: A total of 17 patients with OSA who underwent lateral pharyngoplasty were submitted to common carotid Doppler ultrasonography, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and type-1 polysomnography before and at least 6 months after surgery.

Results: The median apnoea-hypopnoea index decreased from 22.6 to 5.9 (p<0.001). There were significant improvements in the arousal index, minimum oxyhaemoglobin saturation, Epworth sleepiness scale and reported snoring intensity. The surgical success rate (Shers criteria) obtained with the procedure was 76.4%. There was no significant variation in the mean CIMT after surgeries (right carotid artery, mean, 0.67 and 0.72 mm; left carotid artery, mean, 0.69 and 0.70 mm, pre- and postoperative, respectively, both p>0.05). Blood pressure measurements also did not significantly change.

Conclusion: Notwithstanding a significant improvement in OSA after lateral pharyngoplasty, there was no significant reduction in CIMT in a follow-up of 6 months.
Cranial electrostimulation improves slow wave sleep in collegiate population: a polysomnographic study
Authors: Aseem Anam , Chaudhry Neera , Hussain Mohammed Ejaz
Published: May 2022

Objective: Sleep disturbance is quite prevalent among students, which leads to deleterious consequences on health. Cranial electrostimulation (CES) has been speculated to entrain cortical slow waves; therefore, we investigated the efficacy of cranial electrostimulation to improve slow wave sleep in collegiates.

Methods: Twenty-eight students with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score >5 were randomly assigned into two groups: CES and control. Participants in CES group completed 60 minutes of CES intervention for 12 weeks with 100 μA microcurrent and 0.5 Hz frequency parameters during night. Pre- and post-intervention measures were taken for sleep architecture using over-night polysomnography (PSG) and sleep quality using PSQI. Participants were instructed to report to the laboratory at 10:00 p.m. and PSG was performed with electroencephalograms (EEG), chin electromyography (EMG) and bilateral electrooculogram (EOG) in place. Sleep stages were scored manually in accordance with the new AASM guidelines. PSG variables reported in the present study are sleep latency (SL), total sleep time (TST), percentage of N1, N2, N3, NREM (non-rapid eye movement), REM (rapid eye movement) and sleep efficiency (SE%).

Results: After ascertaining the comparability of demographic and sleep variables at baseline for both the groups, a 2X2 mixed model ANOVA was employed. Significant between-group differences were obtained for N1% and N3% such that N1% decreased and N3% increased post CES. However, other PSG variables, along with PSQI score did not demonstrate statistically significant between-group difference.

Discussion: The present study demonstrated that 12-weeks of CES improved N3% and reduced N1%. Future researches should be undertaken to build upon the findings of present study.
Cotidianos reconfigurados: uma experiência expositiva e investigativa em pintura, no ensino superior
Authors:   UFSM, Vieira Karine Gomes Perez
Published: May 2022

O projeto de pesquisa e extensão Cotidianos Reconfigurados, desenvolvido junto aos membros do GPICTO – Grupo de Pesquisa Processos Pictóricos (CNPQ/UFSM), objetivou a realização da primeira exposição do grupo, na Sala Cláudio Carriconde – CAL/UFSM, de 17 a 26 de abril de 2017. A proposta foi retratar, de maneira sensível, elementos do cotidiano, tentando ressignificar sua aparente monotonia. Para isso, cada integrante explorou técnicas e materiais pictóricos diversos, com orientação individualizada, dando forma a uma cena diária reconfigurada em pintura. Como resultado, destacam-se 15 produções pictóricas com soluções compositivas, técnicas, formais e cromáticas particulares e variadas. A exposição foi uma oportunidade de mostrar à comunidade santa-mariense um pouco do que o grupo está produzindo na Universidade, ocorrendo uma troca de olhares e um diálogo vivo entre artistas em formação e público, que poderá ser intensificado com ações futuras, em espaços externos aos muros da UFSM.
La modernización del Derecho de obligaciones y contratos desde la perspectiva de Derecho comparado
Authors: Li Yun
Published: May 2022

The breach of contract is the primary cause of the conflict of interest between the parties to the contract, so it is a core issue of contract law. Therefore, the comparative law study perspective provides a perfect reference for the purpose of this investigation. After a brief discussion of the concept of non performance -whichI will focus on in Chapter one -I will focus on the last chapter of my work the so-called remedies for non performance. The investigation will emphasize the similarities and differences between respective systems, as well as the approaches taken in the absence of common ground and the obvious need for legal protection. In this regard, it is worth noting that although many comparative law studies are aimed at understanding the differences and similarities between the civil law and the common law, there is a gap in this area of comparative law in the Asian system. Therefore, I think it is important to introduce these documents through the current research work, taking the theme of non performance as an example of CISG's current impact on internal systems andas a factor of coordination and modernization, we believe that CISG is a tool that enables us to achieve a greater degree of legal security quotas in the international market.

El incumplimiento del contrato es la primera causa de conflictos de intereses entre los contratantes y, por consiguiente, constituye una materia central en el Derecho de contratos. Por esta razón, su estudio comparado sirve como perfecta referencia para el objetivo de este estudio. Tras una breve aproximación al concepto de incumplimiento -a los que dedicaré el primer capítulo, me centraré– en el último capítulo del trabajo, en una descripción de los denominados remedios frente al incumplimiento contractual (en inglés, remedies), que pongan de relieve las semejanzas y diferencias existentes entre nuestros respectivos sistemas, así como las vías de aproximación cuando no existe coincidencia, ante la evidente necesidad de seguridad jurídica. Al respecto, conviene tener en cuenta que, aunque abundan los estudios de Derecho comparado que tienen por objeto conocer diferencias y semejanzas entre el Civil Law y el Common Law, existe una laguna en este ámbito del Derecho comparatístico relativa a los sistemas asiáticos[1]. Por esta razón, he considerado importante introducirlos o presentarlos a través del presente trabajo de investigación, tomando la materia del incumplimiento contractual como muestra del influjo que la CISG está teniendo en la actualidad sobre los sistemas internos como factor armonizador y de modernización. Encontramos así en la CISG un instrumento que nos permite avanzar en la consecución de cuotas mayores de seguridad jurídica en el mercado internacional.

[1] ASAMI, E.: Los sistemas del Derecho internacional privado japonés y europeo desde una perspectiva comparada, tesis doctoral para optar al grado de doctorado en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 2012, p. 31.
El Derecho a las relaciones personales abuelos-nietos en la Jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo entre los años 2016 y 2020
Authors: Santamaría Lambás Fernando
Published: May 2022

Relationships between grandparents and grandchildren constitute a right for both, which arises with an intrinsic limit, which means that the right can be exercised if it is in the “interest of the minor”. After the 2003 reform of the CC in this matter, we intend to analyze the state of the art in the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court from 2016 to 2020. In our opinion we are dealing with a very personal right that is closely connected with article 9.2, 10, 16 and 39 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978.

Las relaciones entre abuelos y nietos constituyen un derecho para ambos, que nace con un límite intrínseco, lo que supone que el derecho se puede ejercitar si es en “interés del menor”. Tras la reforma de 2003 del CC en esta materia, pretendemos analizar el estado de la cuestión en la jurisprudencia del TS desde 2016 a 2020. A nuestro juicio estamos ante un derecho personalísimo que está íntimamente conectado con los artículo 9.2, 10, 16 y 39 de la Constitución español de 1978.
Análisis sobre la utilización de drones en conflictos armados desde el Derecho internacional público
Authors: García Garrido Cristina
Published: May 2022

Los vehículos aéreos no tripulados son en la actualidad instrumentos con múltiples usos, tanto de índole privado como público, muchos de ellos aún sin explorar. Entre sus aplicaciones destaca especialmente su incorporación en el ámbito bélico.

Es precisamente el crecimiento en el uso de drones en conflictos armados lo que ha impulsado este trabajo, así como el hecho de que, si bien se trata de un fenómeno que se encuentra en pleno auge y crecimiento exponencial, carece hoy en día de una normatividad clara. Este vacío legal supone actualmente una cuestión de plena importancia, en tanto que un uso indiscriminado e injustificado de estos vehículos, podría conllevar una vulneración de las normas del Derecho Internacional Público sobre el uso de fuerza; así como del Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos y del Derecho Internacional Humanitario.

Se abordan, pues, en este trabajo las principales implicaciones jurídicas que los drones tienen en conflictos armados. A través de esta memoria se tratará de analizar el marco normativo existente hasta el momento, y su capacidad para dar respuesta a los múltiples escenarios que se plantean. Se hará también hincapié en los efectos positivos y negativos a nivel jurídico, político y económico que su empleo genera a los países y sus poblaciones.
Crisis humanitaria en la Triple Frontera Amazónica
Authors: Presta Novello Déborah
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this work is to analyze the challenges of sustainable development in the area known as the Amazon Triple Border. To this end, the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals in the region is analyzed and special attention is paid to the serious humanitarian situation suffered by the indigenous peoples that inhabit this territory. Likewise, the humanitarian response coordinated by the United Nations is valued, addressing the impact caused by the Covid-19 pandemic.

Este trabajo tiene por objeto analizar los retos de desarrollo sostenible en la zona conocida como la Triple Frontera Amazónica. Para ello, se analiza la consecución de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en la región y se presta especial atención a la grave situación humanitaria que padecen los pueblos indígenas que habitan este territorio. Asimismo, se valora la respuesta humanitaria coordinada por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, abordando el impacto causado por la pandemia del Covid-19.
Modeling Digital Business Ecosystems: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Tsai Chen , Zdravkovic Jelena , Stirna Janis
Published: May 2022

The changing business landscapes urge organizations to collaborate and combine their expertise to stay competitive. Organizations establish partnerships and collaborate via the Internet, which often happens dynamically and at fast pace resulting in formation of Digital Business Ecosystems (DBEs). DBEs are complex and their management requires having explicit and up-to-date information about them. Modeling enables thorough visual analysis and facilitates the understanding and formation of DBEs. It also allows viewing DBEs through multiple perspectives, as well as exploring alternatives in the course of DBE formation or management. This systematic review aims to synthesize existing studies pertaining to Conceptual Modeling for analysis, design, and management of DBEs. A total of 94 studies were included in the review. The findings suggest that there is a scarcity of existing Conceptual Modeling methods and tools supporting DBEs. Additionally, the extensive emphasis on DBEs’ actors in modeling leads to an urgent need for the methods to be extended to support the establishment of holistic views for integrating multiple perspectives of DBEs. Future research should focus on these areas to facilitate the transformation of how organization’s collaborations are viewed – from a single-organization to a multitude of viewpoints on organizational networks of collaboration, coexistence, and competition. Such models also need to support the key features of DBEs, such as resilience and automation.
Decision Making Control Algorithm for Cogeneration Plants in Operating with the Heat Accumulator Deep Analysis Model
Authors:   Department of Heat and Power Engineering Systems, Riga Technical University, Meza 1 k1, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia, Žentiņš Varis , Rusovs Dmitrijs ,   Department of Heat and Power Engineering Systems, Riga Technical University, Meza 1 k1, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia, Soročins Aleksandrs ,   Department of Heat and Power Engineering Systems, Riga Technical University, Meza 1 k1, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia, Kulakova Vera ,   Department of Heat and Power Engineering Systems, Riga Technical University, Meza 1 k1, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia
Published: May 2022

Accurate production planning in both the short and long term is very important in cogeneration plants. Especially if the cogeneration unit operates under free electricity market conditions, which complicates the decision-making process as an additional planning condition with variable heat, fuel, and CO2 costs. On the other hand, when a cogeneration plant uses a heat accumulation system, it is impossible to make a production decision without using a computer system; the human factor in decision-making can lead to erroneous decisions without traceability. The role of modern computer systems is growing and greatly influences the optimal production planning process in cogeneration plants, regardless of the installed capacity and in the operation with heat accumulation. One of the problems solved by the research is the integration of real operating modes and conditions (applied thermal insulation solution) into the production decision algorithms. The developed methodology allows not only to plan the operating modes of the cogeneration plant, but also to evaluate the efficiency of the battery solution. This study shows the developed methodology for calculating heat loss for a heat accumulator depending on the operating mode and the need to introduce a correction coefficient. When determining the total influencing expenses of the cost model of the heat accumulator operation mode, their mutual influence is shown and integrated into the decision-making algorithm for the next day's free-market conditions. The aim of the algorithm is maximally increasing the total gross revenue threshold for the planning of cogeneration operations and to exclude operating modes that may cause losses.
Theatrical performance "The Third International" (Petrograd. 1919)
Authors: Kibardin Artem Aleksandrovich
Published: May 2022

The theatrical performances that appeared in the country after the revolution of 1917 with an audience of tens of thousands of spectators were a landmark phenomenon of social and artistic life. The art of mass spectacles burst into the streets and squares, subordinating the historical architectural ensembles of Petrograd to an artistic design. These searches began in the Theater and Drama Workshop of the Red Army, which existed in Petrograd from 1919 to 1920. The article is devoted to the second theatrical performance of the Workshop вЂ“ "The Third International" (1919). The subject of this article is the reconstruction of the revolutionary theatrical performance "The Third International". The purpose of the study is to establish the director's method of creating a performance and to establish the origins of the activation of the viewer as a method of directing theatrical performances. The methodology of the research is of a historical and theoretical nature and is based on the classical methods of the Leningrad (Gvozdev) school of theater studies, the formal school of literary studies, the method of historical reconstruction of the performance developed by the German philologist and theater historian Max Herman. В  A detailed reconstruction of the theatrical performance of the "Third International" of the Theater and Drama Workshop is given for the first time on the pages of a scientific publication. In the same view, N. G. Vinogradov-Mammoth for the first time introduces the activation of the viewer as a directorial technique. The results and conclusions of the study can be used in courses of lectures and seminars in the following disciplines: "History of the Russian theater of the XX century", "History of theatrical performances and holidays", "Theory of directing", "Directing of theatrical performances and holidays", "Fundamentals of dramaturgy of theatrical performances and holidays", "Screenwriting" and "Screenwriting composition", "Scenography of a mass holiday" and "Stage technique", "Methodology of studying mass performances".
Morphemic Structure of Adverbs in the Russian Dialects of the Amur Region
Authors: Sadchenko Valentina Tarasovna , DONG QINFEI
Published: May 2022

The subject of the study is the characteristic of the morphemic composition of adverbs in the Russian dialects of the Amur region, characterized by secondary formation and localization in the territory of late settlement. In this work, the author analyzes the study of the structure of adverbs in the Russian literary language and refers to the experience of studying this part of speech in Russian dialectology. The novelty of this study lies in the fact that the adverbial lexeme in the studied group of dialects in the structural aspect has not been previously considered by scientists. For the first time, using the methods of continuous sampling, descriptive-analytical and comparative analysis, an attempt was made to classify the adverbs recorded in the second edition of the Dictionary of Russian Dialects of the Amur Region. The material allowed to distribute the selected adverbs into 10 groups. The observations have shown that the main problems in studying the structure of adverbs in this group of dialects are the ratio in their characteristics of all-Russian features and locally limited, the articulability of adverbs of individual groups, as well as the preservation of some relics that make it possible to trace the dynamics of the vernacular vocabulary. The relevance of the work is due to the fact that the study of this group of linguistic units is necessary to build a typology of dialects of the Amur Region, monograph their description, identify the features of the language in the aspect of its regional existence and recreate the structure of the Russian dialect space as a whole.
Drosophila nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits and their native interactions with insecticidal peptide toxins
Authors: Korona Dagmara , Dirnberger Benedict , Giachello Carlo NG , Queiroz Rayner ML , Popovic Rebeka , Müller Karin H , Minde David-Paul , Deery Michael J , Johnson Glynnis , Firth Lucy C , Earley Fergus G , Russell Steven , Lilley Kathryn S
Published: May 2022

Drosophilanicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that represent a target for insecticides. Peptide neurotoxins are known to block nAChRs by binding to their target subunits, however, a better understanding of this mechanism is needed for effective insecticide design. To facilitate the analysis of nAChRs we used a CRISPR/Cas9 strategy to generate null alleles for all tennAChRsubunit genes in a common genetic background. We studied interactions of nAChR subunits with peptide neurotoxins by larval injections and styrene maleic acid lipid particles (SMALPs) pull-down assays. For the null alleles, we determined the effects of α-Bungarotoxin (α-Btx) and ω-Hexatoxin-Hv1a (Hv1a) administration, identifying potential receptor subunits implicated in the binding of these toxins. We employed pull-down assays to confirm α-Btx interactions with theDrosophilaα5 (Dα5), Dα6, Dα7 subunits. Finally, we report the localisation of fluorescent tagged endogenous Dα6 duringDrosophilaCNS development. Taken together, this study elucidates nativeDrosophilanAChR subunit interactions with insecticidal peptide toxins and provides a resource for the in vivo analysis of insect nAChRs.
Prefrontal-amygdalar oscillations related to social behavior in mice
Authors: Kuga Nahoko , Abe Reimi , Takano Kotomi , Ikegaya Yuji , Sasaki Takuya
Published: May 2022

The medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala are involved in the regulation of social behavior and associated with psychiatric diseases but their detailed neurophysiological mechanisms at a network level remain unclear. We recorded local field potentials (LFPs) from the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) while male mice engaged on social behavior. We found that in wild-type mice, both the dmPFC and BLA increased 4–7 Hz oscillation power and decreased 30–60 Hz power when they needed to attend to another target mouse. In mouse models with reduced social interactions, dmPFC 4–7 Hz power further increased especially when they exhibited social avoidance behavior. In contrast, dmPFC and BLA decreased 4–7 Hz power when wild-type mice socially approached a target mouse. Frequency-specific optogenetic manipulations replicating social approach-related LFP patterns restored social interaction behavior in socially deficient mice. These results demonstrate a neurophysiological substrate of the prefrontal cortex and amygdala related to social behavior and provide a unified pathophysiological understanding of neuronal population dynamics underlying social behavioral deficits.
Is it Possible to Represent the Sexual Relation in Cinema?
Authors: Flisfeder Matthew , Ballas Anthony
Published: May 2022

This article offers a reflection on the Lacanian theory of the representation of the sexual relation in film. It draws on the Lacanian logic of sexuation and its interpretation by Joan Copjec and Slavoj Žižek, analyzing what the author calls the cinematic non-relation, taking as an example Alfonso Cuarón’s film Y tu mamá también (2011). The article begins by returning to the work of Laura Mulvey, who was one of the first theorists to use psychoanalysis as a political weapon to challenge the phallocentric portrayal of women in Hollywood cinema. The author argues that Mulvey was correct in her conclusions, however not with regard to the production of a “ male gaze”, but rather with regard to the cinematographic construction of male desire, which is a constitutive element of patriarchal society. The author argues that it is not by creating an “alternative” cinema, but rather developing critical theory, itself, as a political weapon that we are able to challenge the dominant ideology. It is the practice of theory that politicizes cinema and the spectator, rather than the reverse.
The Narrative Structure of Transcripts and the Psychoanalytic Self
Authors: Muller Felipe , Bermejo Federico
Published: May 2022

Psychoanalytic publications often contain the patient’s discourse in the form of transcripts in the context of a clinical vignette. These transcripts are productions that result from a set of operations and technologies put at play by the psychoanalytic author, in the process of transmission and dissemination of the psychoanalytic discipline. The focus of our study was to investigate these transcripts and to determine first, if their narrative structure was affected by four factors (diagnosis, psychoanalytic school, gender and source of the transcript), and second, to articulate what type of self was promoted by such narratives. For this purpose, 93 clinical vignettes with transcripts, published in a recognized psychoanalytic journal, were analyzed and the effects of those factors upon the narrative structure of these transcripts, studied. Anova´s results showed that the produced transcripts were affected in their narrative structure by the studied factors. At the same time, the studied factors tended to promote certain forms of selfhood over others through the transcripts.
An Exploration of Multilinguals’ Voice-Hearing Experiences
Authors: Rowan Olive Rachel , Dewaele Jean-Marc
Published: May 2022

Research on multilinguals’ voice-hearing, sometimes termed auditory-verbal hallucinations, is dominated by psychiatrists’ reports, skewing toward etic over emic approaches. Most also pre-dates developments in both voice-hearing and multilingualism research which highlight the complexity and dynamic nature of both phenomena and shows little cross-fertilisation between the two fields. This paper sits within this gap, presenting results from an in-depth interview study with ten UK-resident multilingual voice-hearers analysed via constructionist reflexive thematic analysis. A high proportion of participants described hearing voices they did not (fully) understand, challenging the dominance of the hypothesis that voice-hearing originates from misattributed inner speech. This set of experiences is presented along a spectrum with a complex array of associated emotions and subtle experiential distinctions. The relationship between language experiences, voices’ languages, and associated emotions was similarly complex and individual: participants described voices both reflecting and distorting or shifting the contexts, domains, interlocutors and feelings associated with their various languages. This has implications for therapeutic and peer support for those who are distressed by their voices, as well as opening up new avenues in voice-hearing phenomenology and aetiology.
The sub-fossil diatom distribution in the Beibu Gulf (northwest South China Sea) and related environmental interpretation
Authors: Zhang Jinpeng , Witkowski Andrzej , Tomczak Michał , Li Chao , McCartney Kevin , Xia Zhen
Published: May 2022

Located in northwestern South China Sea (SCS), the Beibu Gulf constitutes an environmentally sensitive region shaped by land-ocean-atmosphere interactions in Asia between the western Pacific and eastern Indian Oceans. This study aims to provide a comprehensive view of the sub-fossil diatom biogeography, distribution pattern and oceanographic environmental controls with support of multivariate methods based on Beibu Gulf core-top samples. Cluster analysis of diatom assemblages divides the distribution pattern into four subclusters. Sea surface salinity (SSS), temperature (SST), trophic state (chlorophyll a concentration in this study) and water depth constrain the diatom distribution pattern through canonical redundancy analysis although only partly support an interpretation of the relationship between these various variables. Chlorophyll a has a strong correlation to diatom distribution, and responds to Paralia sulcata occurrence, while SSS and SST also have significant influence and indicate warm water invasion from the open SCS. Water depth is a subordinate factor in terms of Beibu Gulf diatom distribution. The ca. 25 m water-depth marks the upper extent of Paralia sulcata dominance in the northern Beibu Gulf. A strong mixing area with a complex diatom distribution exists below this water depth in the middle of Beibu Gulf. Coastal currents from north of SCS invade Beibu Gulf through Qiongzhou Strait and south of Hainan Island, as recorded by higher percentages of Paralia sulcata and Cyclotella striata at these sites. Our results provide a selection of evaluation method for a marine ecological red-line definition for sustainable development. This study highlights the perspective relationships between the spatial distribution of sub-fossil diatom assemblages in surface sediments and oceanographic variables, which could serve as a model for paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic reconstruction in future marginal sea geoscience research for the Beibu Gulf, northwestern SCS.
Drivers and hazards of consumption of unpasteurised bovine milk and milk products in high-income countries
Authors: de Klerk Joanna N. , Robinson Philip A.
Published: May 2022

Introduction

The consumption of dairy products contributes to health, nutrition, and livelihoods globally. However, dairy products do not come without microbiological food safety risks for consumers. Despite this risk, common hygiene measures in high-income countries, particularly pasteurisation, ensures that milk is safe, and is indeed frequently mandated by law. Nevertheless, over the past two decades, there has been a global increase in the number of consumers in high-income developed countries actively seeking out unpasteurised milk in liquid and product forms for perceived nutritional and health benefits, and improved taste. The often-anecdotal claims upon which consumers make such choices are not all supported by scientific evidence; however, some recent research studies have investigated (and in some cases demonstrated) the positive impact of unpasteurised milk consumption on the prevalence of asthma, atopy, rectal cancer and respiratory illness.

Methods

To investigate the significance of unpasteurised milk and milk product consumption for human health in high-income countries, outbreak data between the years 2000 and 2018 were obtained for the United States of America, Canada, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Japan, New Zealand and Australia, which were then categorized into three World Health Organisation subregions: AMR A, EUR A and WPR A. Outbreak dynamic variables such as pathogens, the place of consumption, numbers of outbreaks and deaths per million capita, the average number of cases per outbreak and regulations were described and analysed using R Studio. To provide an overview of unpasteurised milk-related disease outbreaks, a rapid evidence review was also undertaken to establish an overview of what is known in the current literature about hazards and drivers of consumption.

Results

Foodborne outbreaks associated with unpasteurised dairy consumption have risen in high-income countries over the period 2000 to 2018, with Campylobacter spp. being the most common aetiological agent responsible, followed by Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. The most common places of consumption are on farms or in households, indicating individuals choose to drink unpasteurised milk, rather than a widespread distribution of the product, for example, at social events and in schools. Further study is needed to better understand contributing factors, such as cultural differences in the consumption of dairy products.

Conclusion

There are several observable health benefits linked to consuming raw milk, but outbreaks associated with unpasteurised milk and milk products are on the rise. It cannot be definitively concluded whether the benefits outweigh the risks, and ultimately the decision lies with the individual consumer. Nevertheless, many countries have regulations in place to protect consumer health, acknowledging the definite risks to human health that unpasteurised dairy foods may pose, particularly from microbial hazards.
The Clash of Civilization Paradigm and the Institutionalization of Islamophobia in Conservative Party
Authors: ÇEÇEN Ahmet Faruk
Published: May 2022

West and Islam divide has been seen as a generally accepted fact. Some may claim that recent terrorist acts and the refugee crisis may have served their relation deteriorate even more. We believe that recent crisis may prevent us from
seeing the big picture which is political violence and refugee crisis might have stemmed from the fact that there have been some unsolved problems between the civilizations. Some (Huntington, 1993a and 1993b) believed that there
must a problem, clash and divide between the civilizations as there are existentially different. That logic also serves the need that West always seeks for an enemy to protect its identity and Clash of Civilization as a paradigm
helps the authorities differ their liberal countries from the illiberal ones (Islamic states). As a general aim, we would like to discuss if Clash of Civilization Paradigm stays on at least in a discursive level like it appeared
in September 11 attacks. And as a more specific aim, we would like to understand if Islamophobia institutionalized in Conservative Party which might be seen as a reflection of the paradigm. This study seeks to examine discourse
concerning Muslims and Islam by conducting a Discourse Historical Analysis (DHA) to the discourse of the last three leaders of Conservative Party. It was revealed that Islamophobia has institutionalized in Conservative Party. So,
one can claim Clash of Civilization Paradigm stays on the West, at least in the Britain.
Spatial Distribution Of Turkish Barbers In Jeddah
Authors: DEMİRCAN Mustafa , KARAKAŞ Erdal
Published: May 2022

Öz: Çalışmanın amacı, Cidde’deki Türk göçmenlerin işyeri ve konut yeri seçiminde etkili coğrafi faktörleri, Türk berberleri özelinde işyerleri ve konutlarının mekânsal dağılışını, Türk berberlerin göç deneyimlerini ve yaşadıkları sorunları
ortaya çıkarmaktır. Çalışma açımlayıcı sıralı desene uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiş karma bir çalışmadır. Öncelikle, Cidde’deki 124 adet Türk berber salonu tespit edilerek bunların mekânsal dağılımları görselleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın
nicel boyutunda, berber ve diğer meslek gruplarını karşılaştırmak amacıyla 47 berber ve 379 diğer meslek grupları olmak üzere toplamda 426 kişiye 49 sorudan oluşan anket uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın nitel boyutunda ise yarı yapılandırılmış
görüşme formu kullanılarak 39 berber ile bireysel derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Nicel analizler sonucunda rahat yaşam tarzı, evlilik, yakınların Cidde’de yaşaması ve iş imkânı olması gibi değişkenler ile meslek arasında
anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Görüşme formu ile elde edilen verilerle yapılan nitel analizler sonucunda iş yeri konum seçiminde en etkili faktörün merkezi konum ve işlek bir cadde üzerinde olması; konut seçiminde en etkili faktörün
ise iş yerine yakınlık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca türk berberlerinin tercih edilmesindeki en etkili faktörün başarılı ve yetenekli olmaları olduğu; Türklerin sevgi ve saygı gören, mesleğinde başarı gösteren ve emeği pahalı bireyler
olarmalarının öne çıkan kimlik algıları olduğu görülümüştür. Cidde’ye göç eden berberlerin en yaygın göç nedeninin meslek edinme ve para kazanma olduğu ve dil öğrenme ve kullanma konusunda sıkıntılar yaşadıkları ortaya konulmuştur.
Çalışmada nicel ve nitel bulguların tutarlı olduğu görülmüştür.
Urban Suitability Analysis of Sinop According to Analytical Hierarchy Method
Authors: ÜNLÜ İsmail , ÖZDEMİR Ünal
Published: May 2022

Son yıllarda küresel olarak şehirlerin hızla büyümeleri, yerleşim alanlarının plansız bir şekilde genişlemesine neden olmuştur. Bu durum doğal ortamla ilgili birçok problemi beraberinde getirmektedir. Ortaya çıkan problemlerin çözümü
için uygun yer seçiminin yapılması gereklidir. Bu araştırmanın amacını CBS tabanlı çok kriterli karar verme tekniğini kullanarak Sinop’un şehirsel uygunluk analizinin belirlenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada çeşitli kurumlardan
elde edilen veriler tematik haritaların üretilmesinde altlık olarak kullanılmıştır. Haritaların analizi ArcGIS 10.5 paket program yardımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada çok kriterli karar verme yöntemlerinden birisi olan
Analitik Hiyerarşi Yöntemi’nden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara bağlı olarak Sinop şehri 6743,58 hektar olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu hesaplamalarda şehrin %40,5’i şehirsel yerleşmeye çok uygun sahalardan
oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle kentin doğusunda Zeytinlik ve Ada mahalleleri, batısında Bostancılı-Korucuk-Ordu mahalleleri bu sahalara örnek olarak verilebilir. Diğer yandan analizde elde edilen diğer bulgulara göre şehrin
%43’ü yerleşmeye elverişlilik açısından uygun alanlar içermektedir. Bu sahalar kentin batı kesiminde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bunlara ek olarak şehrin %12’sini orta uygun ve %4,5’ini uygun alanlar oluşturmaktadır. Bahsedilen sahalar şehrin
batı ve güneyindedir. Analizin belirleyici özelliği ise Sinop’un büyük bir kısmının şehirsel yerleşme açısından uygun koşullara sahip olmasıdır. Ancak kentin batı kesimi litolojik özelliklere bağlı olarak heyelanlı saha üzerinde
olduğu da unutulmamalıdır. Sonuç olarak şehirsel yerleşmelerin nereye konumlanacağı, gelişme yönleri ve diğer konularda daha fazla çalışmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.
A Clinical Study of 78 Children with Autism
Authors: Juan Liu , Lingyun Hou , Xuchun Meng , Zishuo Cui , Yongfei Bao , Jiao Wenyan
Published: May 2022

Autism, also known as Autism, is a type of pervasive developmental disorder that occurs before the age of 3 and usually manifests in the first or second years of life. The diagnosis of autism falls under one category of mental development disorders. Its incidence is increasing year by year, and there is no specific treatment [1]. This study selected 78 cases of autistic children in Shenmu City Hospital for research and analysis, according to the clinical manifestations, and related laboratory research, examination results, music therapy, comprehensive therapy, intervention methods and their efficacy to analyze and study, suggesting that clinical research on autism should be strengthened.
Production of an Alcoholic Beverage from Rice (Oryzae sativa) Using Nigerian Palm Wine Yeasts
Authors: Adesokan I. A. , Onifade D. A. , Bolarinwa O. O. , Aladeloye K. A. , Adekola A.
Published: May 2022

Rice wine is an alcoholic beverage of cereal produced as a result of fermentation of rice by selected yeasts isolated from different substrates. In this study the effects of starter cultures on physico-chemical and sensory properties of rice wine were investigated. The yeasts isolated belong to six genera and these are Saccharomyces, Kluveromyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Candida, Rhodotorula and Geotrichum. The species isolated included S. cerevisiae, S. uvarum, S. chevallieri, Klu. africanus, Schizosaccharomyces japanicus, S. pombe, C. castelli, C. intermedia, R. graminis and G. candidium. The wort produced from rice had fermentable sugars and nitrogen sources for yeast metabolism and alcoholic fermentation. The wort fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae had the highest ethanol concentration of 3.90% compared to 2.16% and 3.7% recorded for Klu. africanus and S. uvarum respectively. The taste results are appearance (2.6-3.8), taste (2.1-3.6), flavor (2.3-3.7), aroma (2.6-3.4) and overall acceptability (2.4-3.6).  The rice wine produced with S. cerevisiae also received the highest scores in all the parameters evaluated by the taste panelist. Therefore, it could be concluded that rice wine of acceptable quality could be produced by using S. cerevisiae isolated from palm wine.
Socio-economic Profile of Women Agripreneurs in Western Tamil Nadu
Authors: Dhanya K. , Ashok K. R. , Arthanari P. Murali
Published: May 2022

Increasing women entrepreneurs has resulted in the shift of demographic characteristics of businesses and the nation’s economy. Women owned enterprises are gaining importance in society by inspiring others and creating additional employment opportunities. To promote balance growth in our country, women entrepreneurs must expand sustainability. Startup India is committed in developing women entrepreneurship ecosystem through policies and initiatives, as well as building the enabling networks. Over the years, agripreneurs and agro-based industries are gaining more importance due to its significant contribution to the economy. Hence, it is mandatory to examine the entrepreneurial activity of agripreneurs for shaping the economy and enhance their social standing. This paper deals with the study on socio-economic profile with respect to women agripreneurs in Western agro climatic zone of Tamil Nadu. The study was conducted among 140 women agripreneurs using a structured interview schedule. The results revealed that women agripreneurs of Western Tamil Nadu have following aspects such as decision-making, involvement in social activities, etc.
Aminogram in Egyptian Patients Experiencing Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Saleem Tahia H. , Sayed Ayat A. , Ghany Mohamed Abdel , Farouk Ahmed , Hussein Ahmed H. , Meki Abdel-Raheim M.A.
Published: May 2022

Background: Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Altered amino acids metabolism is linked to cardiovascular disorders. A cross-sectional case control study was set to profile amino acids explore their potential as diagnostic and prognostic tool.

Methods: Total of 60 subjects was recruited, comprising 40 myocardial infarction patients and 20 controls. High pressure liquid chromatography was applied to quantify the plasma amino acids.

Results: Fourteen amino acids exhibited discriminative values between cases and controls. Leucine, isoleucine, methionine, glycine, threonine, serine, ornithine, arginine, histidine, and tyrosine exhibited low levels compared to healthy controls (p ≤0.001).  Meanwhile, cases displayed higher abundance of cysteine, taurine (p ≤ 0.05), total aromatic amino acids (p ≤ 0.01), and asparagine (p ≤ 0.001). Only leucine, isoleucine, and asparagine were correlated to GRACE risk score. Methionine and glycine scored highly (AUC > 0.95), sensitivity (>97%), and specificity (>95%) followed by histidine (AUC > 0.92), sensitivity (>82%), and specificity (>85%).

Conclusion: Our study designated a panel of 14 plasma circulating amino acids. Methionine, glycine and histidine were found to be potential markers to differentiate cases from healthy Individuals. Plasma amino acids profiling could help in the diagnosis but is less powerful as a prognostic tool of Myocardial infarction.
Quality Attributes of Pupuru Analogue Produced from Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato (OFSP) as Influenced by Fermentation with Rhizopus oligosporous
Authors: Esther Oladimeji, Temitope , Tejumola Otunola, Ezekiel , Akinwumi Adejuyitan, Johnson
Published: May 2022

In this work, orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), rich in β-carotene and other micronutrients was used in producing pupuru analogue with the aim of improving the micronutrient and other quality attributes of the product. an analogue of pupuru normally a cassava-based food was developed from Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato (OFSP). The OFSP tubers were peeled, washed, grated and fermented with Rhizopus oligosporous for varying periods (0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 h). After fermentation period, each sample was subsequently smoke-dried and milled into pupuru analogue flour. The flour was analysed for proximate, physicochemical, minerals, vitamins and anti-nutritional factors. Sensory evaluation was carried out on the pupuru meals prepared from the flour samples by reconstituting in boiling water. The protein content ranged from 3.4 to 5.41% with increased in fermentation period. Similarly, there was increase in β-carotene content from 117-126 mg/100g after 120 h fermentation period. Vitamins B6 and C ranged from 1.73 to 3.20 mg100g and 12 .3 to 21.1 mg/100g respectively. Oxalate, tannin and phytate decreased from 123.0 to 72.5 mg/100g, 1.10 to 1.05mg/100g and 1.62 to 1.16mg/100g respectively. Sensory scores showed that pupuru analogue fermented for 96 and 120 h were preferred most in terms of overall acceptability.