Analisis Proses Eksekusi Hak Tanggungan Terhadap Jaminan Kebendaan Tidak Bergerak Berdasarkan Undang- Undang Hak Tanggungan
Authors: Priyanto Ari , Heryanti B. Rini , - Mukharom 
Published: December 2018

<p>Eksekusi jaminan Hak Tanggungan merupakan langkah terakhir yang dilakukan kreditor selaku penerima Hak Tanggungan apabila debitor selaku pemberi Hak Tanggungan cidera janji melalui Pasal 6 UU No.4 Tahun 1996 dan Pasal 20 ayat 1 tentang Hak Tanggungan atas Tanah serta Benda-benda yang Berkaitan dengan Tanah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut masalah yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah:</p><ol><li>Bagaimana proses eksekusi Hak Tanggungan secara umum yang terjadi di Pengadilan?</li><li>Bagaimana proses eksekusi Hak Tanggungan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 6 dan Pasal 20 ayat (1) UUHT ?</li><li>Apa kendala yang dihadapi dalam proses eksekusi Hak Tanggungan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 6 dan Pasal 20 Ayat (1) UUHT &amp; bagaimana solusinya ?</li></ol><p>Berdasarkan perumusan masalah maka metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan <em>yuridis sosiologis</em>, spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis.</p><p>Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa :</p><ol><li>Proses eksekusi Hak Tanggungan secara umum yang terjadi di Pengadilan diawali dengan pihak kreditur dalam hal ini bank mengajukan permohonan somasi lewat Pengadilan. Permohonan tersebut diatas dilampiri dengan sertipikat Hak Tanggungan, sertipikat tanah, Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan, Perjanjian Kredit, serta KTP dari debitur yang biasanya dilampirkan oleh debitur pada saat pemenuhan syarat  pinjam ke bank sebagai bukti tempat tinggal untuk pemanggilan, kemudian dilaksanakan lelang ke Kantor Pelayanan Negara dan Lelang ( KPKNL )</li><li>Proses eksekusi Hak Tanggungan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 6 dan Pasal 20 Ayat ( 1 ) UUHT, Berdasarkan Ketentuan Pasal 6 Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan di KPKNL Semarang sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang-Undang Hak Tanggungan dalam hal debitur wanprestasi, kreditur selaku pihak bank yang dirugikan berhak untuk menjual barang jaminan yang dijaminkan, berupa tanah atau tanah dan bangunan. Sedangkan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 20 Ayat ( 1 ) UUHT bahwa kreditor/pemegang Hak Tanggungan pertama berhak mengambil pelunasan piutang yang dijamin dari hasil penjualan lelang obyek Hak Tanggungan lebih dahulu daripada kreditor-kreditor yang lain.</li></ol><p>3.   Kendala dalam proses eksekusi berdasarkan Pasal 6 UUHT adalah perlawanan yang dilakukan oleh debitur atas upaya eksekusi yang akan dilakukan  oleh bank. Solusinya dengan melakukan pendekatan kepada debitur secara persuasif. Sedangkan berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 20 ayat ( 1 ) kurang efisien. proses pelaksanaan eksekusi di Pengadilan Negeri membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama. Solusinya bagi kreditur atau lembaga keuangan lebih cenderung memanfaatkan proses parate eksekusi karena secara prosedural lebih mudah dan cepat.</p><p><em>Execution security formal use of hak tanggungan is the last step done creditors as recipients formal use of hak tanggungan when debitor as the formal use of hak tanggungan injured promise through article 6 law no.4 1996 and article 20 paragraph 1 of their rights to the ground and objects pertaining to the ground .According to the regulations rights legislation dependents is decide when debitor wanprestasi ( injured promise , so the holder the right to have the right to sell objects formal use of hak tanggungan over chair itself through auction common and taking the piutangnya from the sale of the . Formulation matter to be examined in this research was: </em><em></em></p><p><em>a. how the execution process formal use of hak tanggungan in general happened in court ? </em><em></em></p><p><em>b. how the execution process formal use of hak tanggungan based on the provision of article 6 and article 20 paragraph ( 1 ) uuht ? </em><em></em></p><p><em>c. what the obstacles in the execution process formal use of hak tanggungan based on the provision of article 6 and article 20 paragraph ( 1 ) uuht&amp; amp; how the solution ?</em><em></em></p><p><em>Based on the formulation of problems so method approach that is used in this research is the approach juridical sociological , specification descriptive analytical research .Based on the research done showed that follows: 1 .The execution process formal use of hak tanggungan in general happened in court started with the his creditor in this bank submit a request for somasi through court .The request above have the with certificates formal use of hak tanggungan , a land certificate , granting a certificate dependents , a credit agreement , and id card of a debtor was usually be attached by a debtor at the time of the fulfillment of requirements and loan to the bank as evidence residence for call , then carried out auction to service office the state and auction ( kpknl )</em></p><p><em>2 .The execution process formal use of hak tanggungan based on the provision of article 6 and article 20 paragraph ( 1 ) uuht , under the terms of article 6 rights legislation dependents in kpknl semarang in accordance with the provisions rights legislation dependents in terms of debtors wanprestasi , a creditor as the bank who injured party has the right to sell collateral who pledged , earth or land and building .But based on the provision of article 20 paragraph ( 1 ) uuht that creditors / the holder the right dependents first be entitled to adopt the receivable guaranteed from the sale of auction objects formal use of hak tanggungan more were of those kreditor-kreditor another .</em></p><p><em>3 .Obstacles in the execution process based on article 6 uuht is the encounter conducted by a debtor to the efforts of execution will be conducted by a bank .The solution with making an approach to debtor in a persuasive manner .While under the provisions of article 20 paragraph 1 of inefficient . The process to the execution in the domestic court takes time .The solution for a creditor or finance institutions more tend to make use of the process of parate execution due to procedural in more easy and fast .</em></p><p><em> </em></p>