bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perjuicio económico extrapolado y sostenibilidad fiscal: el efecto de la corrupción pública en el Perú (2014-2019, 2021-2023)
Authors: Flores Coapaza Paul Alexandro
Published: November 2024

Este estudio examina el perjuicio económico extrapolado y su relación con el gasto no financiero total, el déficit fiscal y la deuda pública en el Perú entre 2014-2019 y 2021-2023. Se explora la relación conceptual y empírica entre la corrupción pública y la sostenibilidad fiscal. Posteriormente, se detalla el cálculo del perjuicio económico extrapolado en el Gobierno Nacional que permite medir las pérdidas económicas causadas por la corrupción, proporcionando una cifra aproximada del daño en términos de patrimonio público afectado. Seguidamente, se realizará el análisis de la relación del gasto no financiero total, el déficit fiscal y la deuda pública con el perjuicio económico extrapolado en Perú durante 2014-2019 y 2021-2023, que se desglosa en tres aspectos principales: i) la relación entre el gasto no financiero total del gobierno y el perjuicio económico extrapolado durante dicho periodo; ii) la relación entre el resultado económico de las operaciones del sector público no financiero y el perjuicio económico extrapolado; iii) la relación del saldo de la deuda del sector público no financiero en relación con el perjuicio económico extrapolado.Estos indicios resaltan la complejidad inherente a la dinámica fiscal, exigiendo la inclusión de un conjunto más amplio de variables y una mayor precisión en los datos para capturar plenamente los efectos multifacéticos de la corrupción pública en la sostenibilidad fiscal. Ello se alinea con la evidencia empírica que sugiere que ha influido, pero se subraya el imperativo de enfoques analíticos más rigurosos y matizados para dilucidar mejor la interacción.
Studies on draftability and enhanced utilization of small size bullocks of Odisha for pulling improved steel cart on tar road
Authors: Ghosal* M.K. , Swain S.K. , Dash A.K. , Mohapatra A.K.
Published: November 2024

An improved steel bullock cart (2.0 tones capacity) of INSDAG (Institute of Steel Development and Growth, Kolkata) design has been evaluated after putting rubber liner on its wheels as a modification, with a view to study its suitability in preventing the surface of rural roads. The cart with and without rubber liner was tested in the tar road of animal test track existed in the premises of OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha during the year 2012 with a pair of non-descript small size bullocks having a pair body weight of 420 kg. The results indicated that the small size bullocks could sustain pulling a pay load of 1200 kg continuously for three hours with rubber liner with the work rest cycle of 1 hour work + 15 min rest + 1 hour work + 20 min rest + 1 hour work as against 900 kg without rubber liner in tar road.
Inclusión y educación secundaria rural en Catamarca. Un estudio desde las condiciones laborales y actitudes de los docentes
Authors: Meléndez Cecilia Evangelina , Escudero Hortencia Maria del Valle
Published: November 2024

The article examines the challenges imposed by working conditions and the meanings of inclusion negotiated by educators from rural secondary schools in the province of Catamarca-Argentina, within the framework of a national and jurisdictional educational inclusion policy that promotes the expansion of compulsory schooling. in rural areas. The field work was carried out in January 2020, with a qualitative approach. Semi-structured individual and group interviews were used as instruments for collecting information; the typification of teaching attitudes was used in the analysis. The results reveal that teachers overcoming the difficulties presented by rural areas, act as transformative agents both within the school and in the community.
Társállatokkal kapcsolatos attitűdök és a mentális egészség összefüggése egy empirikus vizsgálat keretében
Authors: Pikó Bettina , Palkovics Éva
Published: November 2024

In our study, we examined the relationships between dealing with companion animals and mental health. The aim was to analyze associations of attitudes related to pets with life satisfaction, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. In our online, cross-sectional survey, 297 participants were included (89.5% females, aged between 18 and 85 years), the data were collected in the second half of the year 2023. The attitudes related to pets were measured by using the CENSHARE Pet Attachment Scale which involved eight factors using exploratory factor analysis. The attitudes of attachment and closeness showed a positive relationship with life satisfaction. Time spent with pets and dealing and communicating with them was negatively associated with life satisfaction and well-being, and positively with depression and anxiety. For those who are prone to depression and less satisfied with their life, dealing with pets may serve as a therapy, except for steming from hypocrisy.
Elterelésben résztvevők szerhasználati szokásai és motivációja kvalitatív vizsgálatok tükrében
Authors: Tompa Andrea , Galán Anita
Published: November 2024

The aim of our study to show the diversion system in Hungary and the motivation of clients who have been diverted. The institution of diversion was introduced in our country in 1993, which offers treatment to drug users instead of punishment in case of possession of a small amount of drugs. During our empirical investigations, our goal was to explore the substance use habits and motivation of diverted clients. For this purpose, we conducted semi-structured interviews with ten people starting diversion, which we supplemented with the inclusion of a diagnostic test for measuring motivation (URICA). The results of our research support the results of previous research on the topic, according to which the clients willingness to cooperate and motivation is low, which can thus lead to the ineffectiveness of the diversion.
Investigating Language Barriers in Public Healthcare Services: A Case Study of International Students in Budapest, Hungary
Authors: Namomsa Gutama , Phyu Aye Kyi
Published: November 2024

Language barriers in healthcare impact the cost and quality of services, affecting international students in Budapest, Hungary. The study explores challenges faced by international students in understanding medical advice within the public healthcare system and identify strategies to overcome these challenges. A qualitative approach involving eighteen international students from various universities in Budapest was used for data analysis. While most participants did not face urgent health issues, those with more severe conditions encountered significant language barriers, signage issues, and access delays. The primary challenge identified was the language barrier, which complicated communication with medical staff. Participants utilized technology like Google Translate, interpreters, and non-verbal communication to overcome language barriers. The study emphasizes the need for policies to enhance communication between healthcare providers and international students for equitable access to quality healthcare services.
TÜRKİYE’DE SOSYAL BİLGİLER EĞİTİMİ ALANINDA 2005-2023 YILLARI ARASINDA DEĞERLERLE İLGİLİ YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALARIN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Erbudak Kadir Can
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de Sosyal Bilgiler eğitimi alanında 2005-2023 yılları arasında değerlerle ilgili yapılan çalışmaların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabii tutulmuştur. Analizler sonucunda ele alınan çalışmaların yayın türü olarak en çok makale olarak gerçekleştirildiği, en çok 2013 ve 2021 yıllarında yapıldığı, yöntem olarak nitel yöntemin tercih edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca ele alınan araştırmaların deseninin en fazla doküman incelemesi olarak tespit edildiği, örneklem çeşidinin belirtilmediği ve örneklem grubunun diğer teması altında dağıldığı belirlenmiştir. Ele alınan araştırmaların en fazla veri toplama aracı olarak dokümanları kullandığı, verilerin analizinde ise içerik analizi tespit edildiği görülmüştür. Araştırma konularına göre incelenen çalışmalarda ise en çok tercih edilen konu ise diğer teması altında dağılım göstermiştir.
ATATÜRK ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ERZURUM İLİ KÜLTÜREL MİRAS UNSURLARINA YÖNELİK FARKINDALIK DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: Özgeriş Mustafa , Özgeriş Mutlu Melis
Published: November 2024

Kültürel miras, toplumların geçmişini ve kimliğini yansıtan somut ve somut olmayan unsurlardır. Kültürel mirasın korunması, toplumların kimliğini ortaya koyan tarihinin, inançlarının, gelenek ve göreneklerinin, mimarisinin ve kültürel peyzajının da korunması anlamına gelmektedir. Kültürel mirasın korunması ise kültürel miras konusunda farkındalık sahibi olmaktan geçmektedir. Bu nedenle kültürel mirasın geleceğe taşınmasında kültürel farkındalığın arttırılması ve bilinçlendirme konuları gündeme gelmektedir. Bu doğrultuda hazırlanan araştırmanın birinci amacı, Atatürk Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören lisans ve ön lisans düzeyindeki öğrencilerin, Erzurum ilinin somut ve somut olmayan kültürel miras unsurlarıyla ilgili farkındalık düzeylerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın ikinci amacı ise üniversite öğrencilerinin kültürel miras farkındalığı edinmede üniversite eğitiminin önemine yönelik görüşlerini ve kültürel miras farkındalığı edinme metotlarını değerlendirmektir. Araştırma, betimsel ve karşılaştırmalı araştırma modellerinin birlikte kullanıldığı nicel araştırma deseniyle yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada yöntem olarak ise veri toplama, analiz ve değerlendirme sürecine dayalı bir yöntem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri toplama bölümünde Atatürk Üniversitesi’nde örgün eğitimde öğrenim gören ön lisans ve lisans düzeyindeki öğrencilerden basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemine göre belirlenen 408 öğrenci ile anket yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın analiz bölümünde ise çalışma kapsamındaki hipotezleri test etmek için non-parametrik testlerden Man Withney U testi yapılmıştır. Çalışma ile öğrencilerin öğrenim gördükleri şehirdeki kültürel mirasla ilgili farkındalık düzeyinin düşük olduğu ve üniversite eğitiminin miras farkındalığı edindirmede etkili görüldüğü değerlendirilmiştir.
An Analysis Of Intercultural Awareness In English Coursebooks
Authors: Tok Canan , Tavil Müge
Published: November 2024

This study delves into the representation of intercultural awareness in English coursebooks at the tertiary level, examining the balance between local, target, and international cultures. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, it scrutinizes three coursebooks and incorporates perceptions from instructors and students at Gazi University. Content analysis and semi-structured interviews serve as the primary tools for gathering data, focusing on the extent of cultural diversity and its alignment with fostering intercultural communicative competence among learners. The findings indicate a pronounced emphasis on target cultures, highlighting a shortfall in the inclusion of diverse cultural narratives. Such an imbalance suggests potential limitations in the coursebooks' efficacy to nurture a well-rounded intercultural understanding. The study advocates for a more inclusive representation of cultures in English language education, stressing the importance of coursebooks in cultivating a comprehensive intercultural awareness. Additionally, recommendations are provided to curriculum developers and educators to enhance the intercultural dimension within English language teaching, aiming to better prepare students for global communication.
KANT'IN AHLAK ANLAYIŞINDA AMAÇLAR KRALLIĞI: ÖZERKLİK VE EVRENSEL AHLAK İLKELERİNİN ROLÜ
Authors: Yılmaz Fikret
Published: November 2024

Immanuel Kant'ın ahlak anlayışında merkezi bir yeri olan "Amaçlar Krallığı" kavramı, ahlaki eylemlerin ve kararların belirli bir ahlaki düzenin parçası olduğu düşüncesi üzerine kuruludur. Kant, ahlaki eylemlerin bireyin özgür iradesi ile belirlendiğini ve rasyonel ilkeler tarafından yönlendirildiğini ileri sürer. Bu durum, kişinin eylemlerinin ahlaki bir amaç için gerçekleştirildiği anlamına gelir. Amaçlar Krallığı, ideal bir dünyayı temsil eder. Bu dünyada, insanlar rasyonel varlıklar olarak, kendi eylemlerinin sonuçlarını ve amaçlarını belirleme yeteneğine sahip olurlar. Kant, bu yeteneği insanın özgür iradesi ve rasyonel düşüncesi olarak adlandırır. Bu bakış açısına göre, insanlar yalnızca araç olarak kullanılmamalı, aksine her zaman bir amaç olarak kabul edilmelidirler. Bu kavram, Kant'ın ahlaki teorisinin temelini oluşturur. Kant'ın ahlak anlayışı, etik ve ahlaki değerlerin insanın özgür iradesi ve rasyonel düşüncesi tarafından belirlendiğini vurgular. Ayrıca, insanların eylemleri ve kararları üzerinde kendi kontrollerinin olması gerektiğini ve bu kontrolün ahlaki yükümlülüklerimizi belirleyen temel faktör olduğunu savunur. Bu şekilde, Amaçlar Krallığı, ahlaki eylemlerin ve kararların doğru veya yanlış olmasını belirleyen genel bir çerçeve sunar. Bu çerçeve, bireyin özgür iradesini ve rasyonel düşünme yeteneğini ön plana çıkarır, böylece bireyin kendi hayatını ve başkalarının hayatlarını etkileyen eylemlerini ve kararlarını anlamak ve değerlendirmek için bir temel sağlar.
Magna Carta’ya Giden Süreçte Ekonomik Problemler ve Kral John’un Çözüm Arayışları
Authors: Ceylanbaş Fuat
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışma, XIII. yüzyılda İngiltere’de Yurtsuz John (1199-1216) döneminde meydana gelen malî krizleri ve Magna Carta sözleşmesine giden yolda John’un uygulamış olduğu olağan ve olağan dışı vergilendirmeleri konu edinmektedir. Angevinlerin bir üyesi olması hasebiyle II. Henry (1154-1189) ve I. Richard (1189-1199) dönemlerinden kalan malî miras da çalışma kapsamında ele alınmıştır. II. Henry’nin monarşiyi kuvvetlendirme girişimleri ve I. Richard’ın Haçlı Seferleri’ne katılması Angevin ekonomisini oldukça olumsuz etkilemiş ve Yurtsuz John döneminde meydana gelen kıtlık, sel, askeri seferler, soylularla (baronlar) çatışmalar, Fransa ile savaşlar Angevin ekonomisini tüketmiştir. Çalışmada Pipe Roll, Misae Roll ve Hundred Roll gibi İngiliz malîyesiyle ilgili bilgi veren arşiv belgelerinin yanı sıra kroniklerden ve telif eserlerden faydalanılmıştır. Magna Carta’nın kesinlikle Yurtsuz John’un kişiliğine ve uyguladığı olağan dışı vergilendirme politikalarına bir tepki olarak yürürlüğe girdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmamızın daha önce değinilmeyen konulara değinmesi, incelenmemiş ve irdelenmemiş meseleleri ele alması nedeniyle literatüre olumlu katkı yapacağı düşünülmektedir.
Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretiminde Ders Dışı Uygulamalar Üzerine Öğretici Görüşleri
Authors: Kartallıoğlu Nurettin , Saluk Nazlı , Ünver Belgizar
Published: November 2024

Bu araştırma ile yabancılara Türkçe öğreten öğreticilerin öğrencilere verdiği ders dışı uygulamaların süreç, dönüt ve değerlendirme bakımından incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum deseniyle yürütülmüştür. Araştırma grubunu Türkiye’de 10 farklı ilde yabancılara Türkçe öğreten 31 öğretici; verileri de bu öğreticilerle yapılan görüşmeler oluşturmaktadır. Veriler içerik analiziyle temalar ve kodlar belirlenerek analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğreticilerin ders dışı uygulama görevleri incelendiğinde çeşitlilik olduğu görülmekle birlikte bu uygulamaların öğreticilerin bireysel çabalarına dayandığı, bir programa bağlı olmadığı görülmektedir. Öğreticiler ders dışı uygulama görevlerini belirlerken öğrencinin dil düzeyini dikkate almakta, verilen görevlerin hedeflenen kazanımla ilişkili olmasına, görevlerin zaman alıcı olmamasına dikkat etmektedir. Öğreticiler öğrencilerine en çok doğrusunu açıklayarak dönüt vermekte, ders dışı uygulamaların öğrencilerde derse katılım ve motivasyon üzerinde olumlu etkilerinin olduğunu düşünmektedir. Öğreticiler ders dışı uygulama görevlerini daha çok konuşma becerisini geliştirmeye yönelik belirlemektedir. Öğreticiler öğrencilere verdikleri ders dışı uygulama görevlerinde süreci yönetirken ve de dönüt verirken yaşadıkları olumsuzlukların başında öğrencinin göreve olan ilgisizliği ve isteksizliğini sıralamaktadır. Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde ders dışı uygulama görevleri mevcut öğretim programı kapsamına alınarak kurlara uygun etkinlik örnekleriyle desteklenebilir ve ortak bir etkinlik havuzu oluşturulabilir. Öğretici oluşturulacak bu programa uygun hareket etmek suretiyle kendi öğrenci düzeyine/şartlarına uygun olarak havuzdan seçeceği görevi öğrenciyle birlikte belirleyebilir.
Evde Yaşayan Yaşlı Bireylerde Sağlık Okuryazarlığı ve Sağlık Algısı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Arpacı Fatma , Cantekin Ömer Faruk
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışma, evde yaşayan yaşlı bireylerde sağlık okuryazarlığı ve sağlık algısı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacı ile planlanmış ve yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada “Demografik Bilgi Formu”, Aras ve Bayık Temel (2017) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan “Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği” ile Kadıoğlu ve Yıldız’ın (2012) Türkçeye uyarladığı “Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini olasılıklı olmayan kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılan 200 yaşlı birey oluşturmuştur. Yaşlı bireylerin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyinin (62.10±20.56) ve sağlık algısının (50.27±7.04) orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaşlı bireylerin sağlık okuryazarlığı ile sosyal güvence durumu (p
Linguística como Ensino de Ciências
Authors: Othero Gabriel de Ávila , Folharini Larissa
Published: November 2024

Neste artigo, apresentamos nosso ponto de vista sobre a potencial inserção da Linguística Formal no ambiente escolar brasileiro. Começamos mencionando algumas propostas já existentes na interface Linguística Formal – Ensino de Língua e as diferenciamos da nossa. As propostas existentes situam-se na interface Linguística Formal – Ensino de Língua Portuguesa, apresentando atividades para o ensino da língua portuguesa nas escolas, alicerçadas em princípios advindos dos estudos em Gramática Formal. Nossa proposta, complementar mas distinta das dos colegas, advoga pela inserção da Linguística como tópico presente nas disciplinas de Ciências no currículo escolar. Para sustentar essa ideia, analisamos trechos da BNCC de Ciências e mostramos algumas conexões possíveis que podem ser estabelecidas pelo professor de Ciências e de Língua Portuguesa, de modo que ambos possam se valer de princípios e métodos caros à Linguística Formal no planejamento de atividades transdisciplinares em conjunto. Ao final do texto, propomos tópicos de atividades (com análises linguísticas) que – pensamos – poderiam estar presentes em projetos transdisciplinares envolvendo as disciplinas de Ciências e de Língua Portuguesa.
Sources of perception in handball
Authors: Pavan Júlia Araujo , Ribeiro Lucas de Castro , Menezes Rafael Pombo
Published: November 2024

Introduction and aim: Handball is influenced by interactions among players. In this context, decision making results from interactions of cognitive processes such as perception. This study proposed a descriptive analysis from a cross-sectional design and identified the perspective of coaches and players in relation to the sources of perception for decision-making and how these sources are emphasized in training sessions. Method: Data were collected through questionnaires for coaches (n=7) and players (n=19). Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used. Results and discussion: Regarding the offensive positions, differences in the coaches’ opinions were identified about the most relevant types of perception for center/right/left back (visual), wings (visual/proprioceptive) and pivots (visual/tactile/proprioceptive). Regarding the opinion of players, differences were also identified for the center/right/left back (visual/auditory), wings (auditory/proprioceptive) and pivots (visual/tactile/proprioceptive). Coaches opted for teaching strategies based on game context (specific situations and modified games) to work on types of perception. Conclusion: Coaches expose athletes to different stimuli and situations and the position occupied by players influences their perception and decision-making.
Condições de emprego e relações de trabalho de nutricionistas do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar em Goiás
Authors: Silva Anne Marques da , Duarte Luis Fernando Oliveira , Martins Karine Anusca , Almeida Géssica Mércia de , Borges Liana Jayme , Souza Thaísa Anders Carvalho
Published: November 2024

Introdução: O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) é uma política reconhecida internacionalmente que oferta alimentos de qualidade e em quantidade adequada no ambiente escolar e é executado por atores sociais, inclusive nutricionistas, que são responsáveis técnicos desse. Objetivo: Caracterizar as condições de emprego e relações de trabalho do nutricionista do PNAE, em Goiás. Métodos: Transversal descritivo, realizado entre fevereiro e março de 2021. Foram coletados dados por meio da aplicação de um questionário eletrônico com treze perguntas para nutricionistas que atuavam na alimentação escolar (AE) da rede pública. Resultados: A presença de nutricionistas na AE foi informada em 75,8% das 248 EEx avaliadas. Verificou-se que 235 trabalhavam em 188 EEx e que recebiam em média R$2.287,25 com carga horária de 30 horas semanais, e que a maioria (86,7%) estava contratada como pessoa física e atuava no setor de alimentação (73,4%). Observou-se que 64,4% das EEx apresentavam defasagem no quadro de profissionais. Conclusão: Faz-se necessário que os nutricionistas tenham acesso a condições de trabalho adequadas, salário justo, carga horária mínima e quadro técnico compatível com o número de estudantes atendidos.
Is depression a vague concept in psychiatry?
Authors: Boissard Elodie
Published: November 2024

In this paper I investigate whether "depression" is a vague concept in psychiatry and the consequence of this for philosophers who would like to contribute to  the elaboration of an objective definition of it. Assuming that this concept aims at referring to a mental disorder, I show that the current definition of "depression" is controverted: we lack a unified scientific model of it, so a consensual objective definition of it. Actually there is its clinical definition in the nosology but this definition consisting in a list of criteria is accused of being unsufficient to draw a sharp limit between normal and pathological cases. Hence vague boundaries of the extension of the concept as referring to a mental disorder. Moreover its clinical criteria, as descriptive and non distinctive, need to be interpreted by clinicians in a way that remains implicit and contextually variable, and they can apply to completely different clinical pictures. I interpret this as a variability of the descriptive definition of "depression", so that its conditions of use depend on the context: it may apply to two cases that have nothing in common except similarities. Applying the famous wittgensteinien characterization of the concept of "game" to "depression", I argue that this vagueness can be interpreted as showing that "depression" works as cluster of concepts whose instances only share "family resemblances". From this philosophical interpretation I draw the conclusion that the "vagueness problem" of depression at a theoretical level does not make the use of this concept problematic, since this in practice use is always related to a context conferring a specific meaning to the concept. I conclude that philosophers should not look in the clinical sciences for an objective definition of depression as a list of necessary and sufficient conditions pointing at its essence: they should rather either describe the family resemblances between the different versions of this concept, or try to stipulate a definition providing it sharp boundaries. A stipulative definition would be motivated by a pragmatic purpose while not delegitimizing other uses that could be made of the concept. Such a purpose could be to target only medically relevant conditions; actually such conditions do not necessarily have to be conceived of as conditions where there is a disease understood as pathological process that we could objectively define, but they can be seen as conditions that we have medical means to take care of with more benefits than disadvantages.
Precordial Catch Syndrome: Unveiling a Benign Yet Noteworthy Cause of Chest Pain in the Young
Authors: Koswara Jonathan , Chen Jery , Yap Irianto , Suwanto Denny
Published: November 2024

Highlights:
1. An insight on how precordial catch syndrome could be a potential research base for further research because of its rarity.
-
Background: This syndrome is rarely discussed in the differential diagnosis of chest pain, as it deserves wider recognition. Pediatricians report that PCS accounts for 80% to 90% of chest discomfort in the absence of trauma, primarily in adolescent and young adults. The classic pain history can help identify precordial catch syndrome, often eliminating the need for further testing or referrals. The diagnosis of precordial catch can be challenging due to various inconclusive workups. However, once diagnosed, this condition can be managed conservatively.
Objective: This review sought to describe the distinctive features of the syndrome and its management strategy.
Method: Descriptive review method was used in this study to provide a comprehensive overview for this study.
Results: The pain is sudden in onset, is severe, and is localized above the cardiac apex (fifth intercostal space within the left midclavicular line). General testing is required to exclude various conditions., but several tests like ECG and chest x-ray can be done to rule out other causes of chest pain. Though in pediatric considerations, classic pain history can help identify PCS, often eliminating the need for further testing or referrals.
Conclusion: This syndrome deserves wider recognition because it is rarely discussed in the differential diagnosis of precordial pain. Pediatricians report that precordial catch accounts for 80% to 90% of chest pain once any chest trauma is excluded
Desain Bagi Hasil usaha berbasis Digital “DEWI KUNTI” (Desa Wisata Akuntabel dan Kreatif) Pada Objek Wisata Kampung Pinus Keditan
Authors: Safitri Junaidi , Rakhmawati  , Haryono Kholid , Wahyudi Rofiul
Published: November 2024

Desa Keditan merupakan Desa yang terletak 38 km arah timur dari Kota Magelang Propinsi Jawa Tengah dan berada di kaki Gunung Merbabu. Desa Keditan memiliki objek wisata unggulan yaitu Kampoeng Pinus Keditan yang menyuguhkan panorama alam berupa hutan pinus dan menyediakan spot spot yang menarik untuk dikunjungi. Lahan tanaman pinus ini adalah milik Perum Perhutan Kabupaten Magelang. Pengembangan objek wisata ini tidak lepas dari kontribusi Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta melalui kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Saat ini objek wisata Kampung Pinus Keditan dikelola oleh kelompok masyarakat di Desa Keditan secara sederhana dan konvensional. Ada beberapa problematika yang dihadapi oleh pengelola Kampung Pinus Keditan ini yaitu ; 1). Belum adanya kejelasan tentang sistem bagi hasil usaha dari pengelolaan objek wisata Kampung Pinus Keditan di antara Perhutani, Pemerintah Desa dan Masyarakat Pemilik Lahan, 2). Manajemen tata kelola usaha yang belum baik sehingga dapat terjadinya konflik sosial. Dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut maka metode yang digunakan yaitu penelitian tindakan partisipatif (Participatory Action Research). Sehingga luaran yang dihasilkan berupa 1). Tersedianya nota kesepakatan negosiasi bagi hasil usaha kampung pinus keditan, 2). Desain aplikasi Dewi Kunti 3) Peningkatan capasity building pengelola desa wisata.
Violence against Women: An Unending Social Scourge
Authors: Das Tulshi Kumar
Published: November 2024

Violence against women is globally a stark reality. Women are affected in so many ways because of the violence perpetrated primarily by men and also, in many cases, by the women themselves. Violence against women takes place in each section of the population irrespective of their class, religion, ethnicity or any other social identity. Some legislation has been enacted in almost every country to deal with this violence committed against women. Although perpetrators of violence are sometimes punished based on the law of a particular country, it has not decreased substantially. Instead, it has taken multiple forms in different countries. This editorial aims to depict the manifold types of violence frequently occurring in different parts of the world. It investigates the significant reasons that are responsible for committing violence against women and also tries to find out the consequences of this violence at the individual, familial, and societal levels. This editorial piece is based on secondary data extracted from relevant literature like journal articles, books, research reports, periodicals, working papers, etc. Relevant literature has been detected and downloaded using internet search engines such as Google Scholar, Microsoft Academic Search, JSTOR, etc. Some words like violence against women, domestic violence, family violence, and couple conflicts have been used to identify relevant literature. Papers or research reports published between 2000 and 2024 have only been considered for writing this editorial. Findings show that patriarchal norms that still dominate one way or the other in many of the countries across the globe are, to a great extent, responsible for violence against women.
Sourceological Aspects of the Study of Reading in Russia in the Second Half of the 18th – Early 19th Centuries
Authors: Moreva O. V.
Published: November 2024

Reading is an important cultural practice. The relevance of its studying is connected not only with ideas about the intellectual life of society, but politics, economics, and the increasingly complex social structure and emancipation of the individual as well. In Western humanities, studies devoted to the historical aspects of reading practices have become very popular since the 1930s. Despite the fact that in Russia this topic appeared in the scientific field earlier – in the late 19th century, the history of reading in Russia has not been written so far, except for some works. The aim of the article is to introduce the sourceological potential of journal publications of the second half of the 18th – early 19th centuries. Literary writers, critics, book publishers recorded the reading practices of their contemporaries, commented on their reading circle and popular authors, gave their recommendations on what to read and how to react to what they read. The periodicals, along with literary criticism and the expansion of the readership during this period, testify to the emergence of literature as a social institution in Russia. The selected texts are divided into two periods. In the first period between the 1750s–1790s, in publications devoted to reading, authors criticized readers for their choice of novels and spoke from the position of educators. In the second period during the 1800s–1830s, the writing community, which was going through a stage of professionalization, asked questions: who reads them and for what purpose. A detailed analysis of the texts demonstrates the informational potential of periodicals for studying the history of reading in Russia.
Ownership Book Inserts in the Personal Library System of E. S. Shurygin, Intellectual of the Sixties
Authors: Yarantsev V. N.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to inserts/attachments to books in personal library. Thay are one of the forms of reading practices of library owners. The personality of E. S. Shurygin as a non-standard owner has had an important role in this study. Most of the inserts were found in his poetry books. In addition to thematic inserts, there was a group of biographical inserts. In general, we can talk about inserts/ attachments as a sign system with cultural codes of the personality of its owner – an intellectual of the sixties. E. S. Shurygin’s late passion for esotericism and Buddhism brought the existence of his personal library and its functioning to another level.
"Loud Readings" as a Tool for Forming the Worldview and Cultural Values of Youth (Based on the 1951 Library Reports)
Authors: Larionova M. B.
Published: November 2024

The goal of the article is to analyze such student outreach program as “Loud readings” to identify the frequency of their organization, the range of authors and topics. The study based on the educational institutions reports of the State Labor Reserves System. Archival materials refer to “Loud readings” in vocational schools in the Sverdlovsk region in 1951 are introduced into scientific circulation. This type of library service was considered in Soviet times as an effective tool for forming the worldview and cultural values of future representatives of the working class who owned a profession and had a certain level of culture and education. “Loud readings” considered as an important component of student leisure time during extracurricular activities. This program contributed to the total regulation of a teenager’s life, clearly defining employment in his leisure time in favor of mass and collective. On the other hand, it also had a positive impact in terms of increasing the level of education and ideological literacy and literary taste of future workers.
“This Notebook was Assigned to Record from What I Read...”: Fragments of A. Y. Yushina’s Reading Diary, 1875-1876
Authors: Safronova Yu. A.
Published: November 2024

Sources of personal origin traditionally serve as a basis for studying readers of the second half of the 19th century. However, among them are rare texts in which reading is the main content of the records. The publication of fragments from the reading diary of the Vologda resident A. Y. Yushina, which she kept in 1875-1876 while preparing to enter the Higher Women’s Courses, fills this gap. The diary fixed the difficult work for reviewing of fiction and journalistic works, as well as the doubts of a young reader from a provincial town in her own ability to ‘properly’ understand what she read. The main purpose of keeping the diary was self-education and educating herself along the lines of the ‘new type’ of people to whom most of the entries are dedicated. Since the diary was seized during the investigation of the case of the participants in the Kazan demonstration of 1876, it contains comments, written in Yushina’s own words, on the origin of the fragments identified by the prosecutor of the Moscow Court Chamber as evidence of the ‘political unreliability’ of its owner. Thus, we are dealing with a unique document that allows us to penetrate into the reading world of a representative of the generation of the 1870s. The fact that the reader later comprehended her own notes, even if forced by the investigator, adds value to it.
About Books, Art and Publishing Practices: Conference "Media and Publishing"
Authors: Kolesnikova A. A.
Published: November 2024

.
Constructing Physics From Measurements
Authors: Harvey-Tremblay Alexandre
Published: November 2024

We present a reformulation of fundamental physics - from a collection of independent axioms to the solution of a single optimization problem. Any experiment begins with an initial state preparation, involves some physical operation, and ends with a final measurement. Working from this structure, we maximize the entropy of final measurements relative to their preparations subject to an appropriate physical constraint. This optimization problem considers all possible predictive theories over all possible experiments, whilst being constrained by all possible measurements, and then automatically selects the exact physics we observe as the optimal solution. As a consequence of this formulation, rather than as separate postulates, we obtain quantum mechanics, general relativity, and the Standard Model gauge symmetries within a unified theory. Mathematical consistency further restricts valid solutions to 3+1 dimensions, suggesting why our universe exhibits this specific dimensionality. This reformulation reveals that the apparent complexity of modern physics, with its various forces, symmetries, and dimensional constraints, emerges naturally when optimizing over all possible ways of predicting measurements from preparations.
Exploring the Functionality of Krüppel-Like Factors in Kidney Development, Metabolism, and Diseases.
Authors: Salmon-Cabrales Itzel , De la Garza Kalife David A. , Garcia-González Gabriel , Santoyo-Suarez Michelle G. , Rodríguez-Nunez Oscar , Estrada-Rodriguez Ana , Jiménez-Gutiérrez Marco Antonio , Garza-Treviño Elsa Nancy , Benitez Chao Diego Francisco , Padilla-Rivas Gerardo R. , Islas Jose Francisco
Published: November 2024

The kidneys contribute to the overall health of the organism by maintaining systemic homeostasis. This process involves the regulation of various biological mechanisms, in which the Krüppel-like factor (KLF) transcription factors are essential for regulating development, differentiation, proliferation, and cellular apoptosis. They also play a role in the metabolic regulation of essential nutrients, such as glucose and lipids. The dysregulation of these transcription factors is associated with the development of various pathologies, which can ultimately lead to renal fibrosis, a process that severely compromises the function of these organs. In this context, the present article provides a comprehensive review of the existing literature, offering an enriching analysis of the findings related to the role of KLFs in the renal field, while also highlighting their potential therapeutic role in the treatment of renal diseases.
Comparative Investigation of Traditional Machine Learning Models and Transformer Models for Phishing Email Detection
Authors: Meléndez René , Ptaszynski Michal , Fumito Masui
Published: November 2024

Phishing emails pose a significant threat to cybersecurity worldwide. There are already tools that mitigate the impact of these emails by filtering them, but these tools are only as reliable as their ability to detect new formats and techniques for creating phishing emails. In this paper we investigated how traditional models and transformer models work on the classification task of identifying if an email is phishing or not. We realized that transformer models, in particular DistilBERT, BERT, and RoBERTa had a significantly higher performance compared to traditional models like Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Naive Bayes.
The process consisted in using a large and robust dataset of emails and applying preprocessing and optimization techniques to maximize the best result possible. roBERTa showed its outstanding capacity to identify phishing emails by achieving the maximum accuracy of 0.9943. Even though they were free successful, traditional models performed marginally worse; SVM performed the best, with an accuracy of 0.9854. The results emphasize the value of sophisticated text processing methods and the possibility of transformer models to improve email security by thwarting phishing attempts.
Quantum Relativity (Theoretical Results of Quantum Relativity)
Authors: Ismail Ahmed Mohamed , Mohamed Samira Ezzat
Published: November 2024

This research answers the knowledge gap regarding the explanation of the quantum jump of the electron. This scientific paper aims to complete Einstein’s research regarding general relativity and attempt to link general relativity to quantum laws.
On Superization of Nonlinear Integrable Dynamical Systems
Authors: Prykarpatski Anatolij K. , Kycia Radoslaw A. , Dilnyi Volodymyr M.
Published: November 2024

We study an interesting superization problem of integrable nonlinear dynamical systems on functional manifolds. As an example, we considered a quantum many-particle Schrödinger-Davydov model on the axis, whose quasi-classical reduction proved to be a completely integrable Hamiltonian system on a smooth functional manifold. We checked that so called "naive" approach, based on the superization of the related phase space variables via extending the corresponding Poisson brackets upon the related functional supermanifold, fails to retain the dynamical system super-integrability. Moreover, we have demonstrated that there exists a wide class of classical Lax type integrable nonlinear dynamical systems on axis regarding which a superization scheme consists in a reasonable superization of the related Lax type representation by means of passing from the basic algebra of pseudo-differential operators on the axis to the corresponding superalgebra of super-pseudodifferential operators on the superaxis.
A Quinoxaline 1,4-Dioxide Activates DNA Repair Systems in Mycobacterium smegmatis: A Transcriptomic Study
Authors: Bekker Olga B. , Galanova Olesya O. , Vatlin Aleksey A. , Frolova Svetlana G. , Shitikov Egor A. , Bespiatykh Dmitry A. , Klimina Ksenia M. , Veselovsky Vladimir A. , Ilyasov Rustem A. , Smirnova Svetlana V. , Reznikova Diana A. , Kochetkov Nikita I. , Maslov Dmitry A. , Danilenko Valery N.
Published: November 2024

In 2022, the World Health Organization reported that tuberculosis (TB) was the second highest cause of death globally from a single infectious agent, following COVID-19. Development of new antitubercular agents with a novel mechanism of action for use in the complex TB therapy is considered one of the key approaches for fighting TB. In this study we examined the gene expression profile of M. smegmatis when exposed to a promising antituberculosis agent quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide (QdNO) 7-chloro-2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-methyl-6-(piperazin-1-yl)quinoxaline-1,4-dioxide-1 (LCTA-3368). We looked at how the bacterial response changed with different doses (1/4 × MIC, 1/2 × MIC, and 1 x MIC) and durations (30 min and 90 min) of treatment with the drug. Our analysis revealed significant upregulation of the expression of genes involved in DNA repair and replication processes, and changes in the expression of 95 genes encoding proteins with oxidoreductase activity. This confirmed the assumption about the mechanism of antibacterial action of QdNOs associated with the formation of free radicals leading to DNA damage.
Development, Validation, and Application of the Paya Hamsan Technolgies Underivatized Newborn Screening Assay (PHUNSA) for Inborn Metabolic Disorders in Dried Blood Spot Samples from Iranian Infants
Authors: Khodadadi Azam , Nanbedeh Saber , Joodaki Mahsa , Ehsanfar Mohsen , Therrell Bradford L. , Gilany Kambiz
Published: November 2024

Screening for inborn metabolic disorders (IMDs) in newborns is an important way to prevent serious metabolic and developmental difficulties that can result in lasting disabilities or even death. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) provides an efficacious newborn blood spot screening (NBS) mechanism for analyzing dried blood spot specimens (DBSs) for biochemical markers for these conditions. Where possible, elimination of derivatization in specimen preparation can simplify and streamline analysis. The Paya Hamsan Technologies Underivatized Newborn Screening Assay (PHUNSA) is an innovative underivatized MS/MS test kit for IMD NBS. Validation of accuracy, precision, linearity, and stability was based on the ISO 15189 Standard and the CLSI NBS04 Guideline. The PHUNSA kit demonstrated superior performance along with excellent recovery rates and negligible bias for many IMD analytes. Assay sensitivity was demonstrated through acceptable limits of detection (LOD) and lower limits of quantification (LLOQ). Specimen preparation times were decreased, coefficients of variation were consistently below 10%, and accuracy and stability were demonstrated under various testing conditions, including prolonged storage and transportation. The PHUNSA kit provides a simplified, efficient, and reliable approach to IMD NBS with the potential to enhance NBS in Iran and other locations by providing a scalable, cost-effective and streamlized option for early IMD detection and management.
About Stabilization of the Controlled Inverted Pendulum under Stochastic Perturbations of the Type of Poisson's Jumps
Authors: Shaikhet Leonid
Published: November 2024

The classical problem of stabilization of the controlled inverted pendulum is considered in the case of stochastic perturbations of the type of Poisson's jumps. It is supposed that stabilized control depends on the entire trajectory of the pendulum. Linear and nonlinear models of the controlled inverted pendulum are considered, the stability of the zero and nonzero equilibria is studied. The obtained results are illustrated by examples with numerical simulation of solutions of the equations under consideration.
Treatment of High-Grade Chronic Osteomyelitis and Nonunions with PerOssal®: A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Efficacy and Patient Perspectives
Authors: Armbruster Jonas , Bussmann Florian , Freischmidt Holger , Reiter Gregor , Gruetzner Paul Alfred , El Barbari Jan Siad
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Traditional autologous bone grafts as treatment for bone defects have drawbacks like donor-site morbidity and limited supply. PerOssal®, a ceramic bone substitute may overcome those drawbacks and could offer additional benefits like prolonged, local antibiotic release. This study investigates the clinical and radiological outcomes, including patient-reported outcomes, of using PerOssal® in nonunions (NU) and high-grade chronic osteomyelitis (COM). Methods: Single-center, retrospective study, investigating patients treated with PerOssal® between January 2020 and December 2023. Collected data included patient characteristics as well as various surgical and outcome parameters including the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS). Results: A total of 82 patients were analyzed. Reinfection occurred in 19.5% of cases. Osseous integration of PerOssal® was achieved in 89% of cases, higher in cavitary defects (91.5%) than segmental defects (72.7%). The revision rate was 32.9%, mainly due to wound healing disorders and reinfections. Mean LEFS score was 53.4 which was heavily influenced by sex (male: 50.7 vs. female: 63.4), revision surgery (no: 55.7 vs. yes: 49.1), reinfection (no: 56.6 vs. yes: 39.4), and osseous integration of PerOssal® (yes: 55.8 vs. no: 38.4). Conclusions: PerOssal® demonstrates promising outcomes in treating NUs and high-grade COM, especially in cavitary defects, with high osseous integration rates and acceptable functional results. However, reinfection remains a concern, particularly with difficult-to-treat pathogens and extensive surgical histories. Early, comprehensive surgical intervention and tailored antibiotic strategies are essential. Patient selection, defect characteristics, and comorbidities significantly influence success. Further research is needed to optimize treatment protocols.
Application of Thermodynamic Methods to the Study of Plant Biomass and its Components – A Review
Authors: Ioelovich Michael
Published: November 2024

This article describes the basics of chemical thermodynamics and its application to the study of plant biomass and its main components, cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, etc. The energy potential of various biomass types, as well as biomass-based solid, liquid, and gaseous biofuels, is determined. A method of additive contributions of combustion enthalpies of main components is proposed to calculate the combustion enthalpy of biomass sample. It has been also established that the potential of thermal energy of the initial biomass is higher than the energy potential of secondary biofuels released from this biomass. The thermodynamic functions of plant biopolymers are calculated. Moreover, the thermodynamic stability of various crystalline allomorphs of cellulose and amorphous cellulose is studied. The melting enthalpies of crystallites with different types of crystalline structures are estimated. A thermochemical method for determining the degree of crystallinity of cellulose is proposed. The most important biomass components are cellulose and other polysaccharides. The thermodynamics of enzymatic hydrolysis of polysaccharides and their conversion into glucose is described. In addition, the thermodynamic analysis of the conversion process of glucose into bioethanol is performed. Considerable attention is also paid to the thermochemistry of cellulose alkalization, etherification, and esterification.