bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brazilian immigrants in the United States and mental health: An integrative review
Authors: Brisola Elizabeth BV , Reis Graziela , Costa Mark , Bellamy Chyrell
Published: March 2023

Background:

Brazilian immigrants are becoming a more visible minority and, although different from other Latinos (in a linguistic, cultural, historical, and ethnic sense), are usually either counted as Latinos, not included in the Latino samples or simply overlooked in research studies. It is essential to understand the stress and pressures they undergo and appreciate their singular perspective and culturally-infused experiences to meet their needs and improve their mental healthcare and quality of life in the United States.

Aim:

The aim of this review is to understand and describe the experience of Brazilian immigrants in the U.S., related to mental health, assessing what studies have addressed and what is still needing to be researched.

Method:

We carried out an integrative review of peer-reviewed articles published between 2011 and 2022 using PychInfo, PubMed, and Proquest, addressing mental health of Brazilian immigrants in the United States.

Results:

A total of 10 articles were included revealing the interest of a variety of fields and uncovering three themes: (1) mental healthcare needs (especially warmth and understanding of culture), (2) common sources of support and stress in the community and work, and (3) Socioeconomic aspects related to their mental health, including discrimination, work-life balance, neighborhood cohesion, and acculturation.

Conclusions:

Results may be useful to practitioners, researchers, and policy makers, who should be attentive to client’s familiarity with the English language, their sources of support, spirituality, specific Brazilian traits, their feeling of ‘being invisible’, life in community, and their previous experiences with healthcare in Brazil.
Growth of the Christian Idea: An Application of Bernard Lonergan’s Thought to Discourse on Doctrinal Development
Authors: Birch Vincent
Published: March 2023

There are three aspects of the problem of development of doctrine with which approaches have had to contend: the historicity of doctrines, the role of reason in development, and the supernatural motion of development. Historically, there has been a tendency to give primacy to one of these aspects at the expense of others, which has led to various forms of reductionism. I propose that Bernard Lonergan’s thought, which is often overlooked in development scholarship, can provide organizing principles for the conversation about doctrinal development so that the historical, rational, and supernatural aspects of the problem can be non-competitively situated. By putting Lonergan into dialogue with different kinds of theorists, I simultaneously advance an interpretation of his thought on development that accentuates the underestimated role of reason in his account.
Effects of ring stiffeners on the underwater collapse behavior of carbon/epoxy composite tubes
Authors: Ngwa Akongnwi , Rossell Valentina , Matos Helio , Shukla Arun
Published: March 2023

An experimental study was performed to analyze the dynamic buckling behavior of stiffened composite tubes. The structures analyzed were filament-wound carbon-fiber/epoxy composite tubes with press-fitted compliant and rigid aluminum ring stiffeners. The ring thicknesses were chosen for a consistent buckling pressure for equally spaced one, two, and three compliant stiffener configurations. The composite structures were submerged inside a pressure vessel and then subjected to increasing hydrostatic pressure until buckle initiation. High-speed photography and Digital Image Correlation were used to acquire full-field displacements and velocities of the collapse event. In addition, piezoelectric transducers were used to concurrently record the local dynamic pressure histories along the length of the tube. The results show that increasing the number of stiffeners for the same collapse pressure decreases the overall energy emission from the implosion event by more than 16%. However, the energy mitigation effects are also influenced by the location of the stiffeners in relation to the buckling initiation point.
A Room Full of ‘Views’: Introducing a New Dataset to Explore Compliance with the Decisions of the UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies’ Individual Complaints Procedures
Authors: Ullmann Andreas J. , von Staden Andreas
Published: March 2023

Quantitative research into the effectiveness of the UN human rights treaty bodies (UNTBs) in eliciting remedial responses from states is impeded by a lack of usable data on how states respond to their decisions. The new Treaty Body Views Dataset (TBVD) aims to fill this gap. It comprises details on all published decisions in individual complaints cases issued by the UNTBs between 1979 and 2019 and matches these with information on their state of compliance. The TBVD can be used for research on the activities of the treaty bodies, the nature of the decisions themselves, or state behavior following a decision. An empirical application illustrates how the TBVD can advance knowledge about the factors that correlate with compliance with adverse UNTB decisions. Results show that the likelihood of implementation hinges critically on decision-level characteristics, and reveal differences and similarities between compliance with UNTB decisions and regional human rights court judgments.
A Changing Consciousness Over the Life Journey
Authors: Barrett-Lennard Godfrey T.
Published: March 2023

A fresh tracing of phases of experience from birth to approaching death is the terrain of this article. It is a momentous journey variably overlooked in everyday living with all the preoccupations of the immediate “now” of this journey. A new-born baby is conscious, and at age 5 or 6, enormous strides have already been taken in evolving consciousness. Experience in the period of primary schooling is a major further saga. Relationships are increasingly important and many children invent “imaginary companions” they are attentive to. Later, inner conversations become common. Dramatic emergence of the new consciousness of adolescence is almost like another life. By the 20s, long-term commitments, dreams, and preparation toward paths in life are prominent. Great qualitative unfolding of experience follows on through adult middle years. Late adulthood includes gradual transition to more reflective retirement and growing awareness that personal life will end. The gauntlet of a major health setback and/or loss of a life partner may have to be endured, though an easier or less conflictual flow in the absence of most “have-tos” tends to follow. Consciousness can become more mellow and even the approaching end of personal life taken for granted.
Evaluation of a Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) State Agency’s Vendors to Comply With Regulatory Competitive Price Requirements
Authors: Phelps Mallory , Davis Jonathan , Jossefides Mindy , Lane Travis , Ritchey Jamie
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

The Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc (ITCA) Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutrition services for families by partnering with local vendors. In 2009, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) instituted the WIC Vendor Cost Containment Final Rule, which required WIC programs to group vendors with similar characteristics. USDA issued guidance for evaluating and constructing vendor peer grouping systems in 2017. We constructed vendor peer groups using USDA recommended methods.

Methods:

We used ITCA WIC vendor and redemption data to construct composite variables for mean food basket cost as the outcome in linear models using the following predictors: business model, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) store type, WIC total sales, number of Universal Product Codes (UPCs) redeemed, number of cash registers, store square footage, rural–urban commuting area codes, 2010 Frontier and Remote (FAR) area codes, distance to the closest interstate in miles, and urban or nonurban location. We developed an ITCA WIC vendor peer group system.

Results:

We examined 146 ITCA WIC vendors. Final complete vendor peer groups for ITCA WIC in linear regression models included SNAP store type ( P < .001), number of cash registers ( P < .017), and FAR codes ( P < .001). FAR codes were important, while other geography measures were not.

Conclusions:

Using vendor peer groups can improve cost containment measures and the integrity of WIC services. Other WIC programs can use FAR codes as a USDA-required geography measure for local vendor peer group evaluations.
Mental health outcomes and correlates in cancer patients entering survivorship after curative treatment
Authors: Kittel Julie A. , Seplaki Christopher L. , van Wijngaarden Edwin , Richman Jennifer , Magnuson Allison , Conwell Yeates
Published: March 2023

Objective

Cancer survivors face numerous physical and mental health challenges after treatment completion. However, few studies have examined mental health in cancer survivors who received curative treatment during the transition out of active treatment and into survivorship. The current study describes the mental health outcomes and their correlates in cancer survivors treated with curative intent during the first year of survivorship.

Methods

A total of 120 cancer survivors of any cancer type completed a survey that assessed depression, anxiety, death ideation, alcohol and substance use, and demographic characteristics. Data regarding cancer type and treatment were extracted from the medical record.

Results

Approximately 15% of the sample reported depressive symptoms. Fifteen percent also reported anxiety symptoms in the past two weeks. Ten percent of the sample reported experiencing death ideation since their treatment ended and 7.5% reported death ideation in the past two weeks. Younger age, previous psychiatric diagnosis, and current substance use were associated with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and death ideation.

Conclusion

Cancer survivors entering survivorship after curative treatment experience an increased rate of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and death ideation. Younger cancer survivors and those with previous psychiatric diagnoses or substance use may be at particular risk for mental health problems during the first year of survivorship. Future research within both oncology and primary care should further examine modifiable risk factors for depression, anxiety, and death ideation in cancer survivors at the transition into survivorship after curative treatment to improve survivorship care.
Sexual Misconduct, Civil–Military Relations, and the Canadian Armed Forces
Authors: Johnstone Rachael , Tait-Signal Victoria
Published: March 2023

The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF), like most gender-integrated militaries, has a serious issue with sexual misconduct. However, despite the ubiquity of this form of violence, civil–military relations (CMR), arguably the dominant theory for addressing the politics of the civilian control of the armed forces, has paid little attention to gendered power relations. In this article, we utilize Canada as a case study to question the utility of CMR to address sexual misconduct. We find that major changes to the approach are necessary if CMR is to remain relevant to the study of emerging and increasingly complex challenges faced by militaries, like sexual misconduct. To this end, we suggest three strategies to develop the theoretical and analytical foundations of the CMR approach.
Evaluation of potential capabilities of energy savings and utilization of solar energy in mosques in Hail city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Anazi Mohamed A , Almasri Radwan A
Published: March 2023

Energy consumption is one of the most important variables that have an impact on the environment. One of the nations in the world with the highest per capita electrical energy usage is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Many attempts are being made in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to lower energy consumption and electricity consumption to achieve sustainability. In this work, the data on the energy consumption of two mosques in Hail City were analyzed, and the opportunities for energy conservation and the use of solar energy were studied to make mosques sustainable. Annual energy use intensity was determined to be 100 and 121 kWh/m2 for the Al-Khashil and Al-Jamil mosques, respectively. While Al-Khashil's mosque envelope is insulated, energy efficiency measures implemented to the walls, roof, and windows of Al-Jamil's mosque resulted in reductions in energy consumption of 27%, 13%, and 6%, respectively. The most effective energy efficiency option is a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system with a high energy efficiency ratio, which can reduce cooling demand by more than 30%. If the condition of Saudi Building Code 601 is met, then it has the potential to cut energy usage by 35.4% and 63.3% for Al-Khashil and Al-Jamil, respectively. Due to coronavirus disease 2019, Al-Khashil's electricity usage was reduced by 58,737 kWh, or 39.9%, in 2020 compared to 2019. When using data from RETScreen and ATLAS, there were inconsistencies of up to 28%, but for DesignBuilder, the findings were the closest to the billing data. The mosques Al-Khashil and Al-Jamil have a combined yearly photovoltaic energy output from the suggested systems of around 135.93 MWh and 33.98 MWh, respectively. For the mosques, Al-Khashil and Al-Jamil, the yearly yield factor and capacity factor were both 1887.9 kWh/kWp/year and 21.9%, respectively. The annual greenhouse gas emission reductions from photovoltaic systems for Al-Khashil and Al-Jamil were 102.9 tCO2 and 25.72 tCO2, respectively. Concerning economics, the following results were obtained: The levelized cost of energy of photovoltaic systems is 0.0901 SR/kWh (0.024 $/kWh); the net present value and internal rate of return for photovoltaic systems are not suitable as a result of the current prices and the system applied in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. If the electricity produced from photovoltaic systems is injected into the grid at a rate of 0.32 SR/kWh, which is comparable to the SEC tariff for the mosque or government sector, then the simple payback time is 5.14 years.
What Teachers’ Unions Do for Teachers When Collective Bargaining is Prohibited
Authors: Han Eunice S. , Keefe Jeffrey
Published: March 2023

Our research examines the relationship between teachers’ unions, teacher compensation, employment conditions, and turnover in Southern US states that prohibit the collective bargaining of public school teachers. We assess union strength by meet-and-confer status and the teacher union density of districts and estimate union impact using propensity score matching. We find that teachers’ unions are positively associated with teacher compensation and employment conditions, even in the absence of collective bargaining. Districts with strong unions have higher dismissals of nontenured teachers for poor performance and a lower attrition rate of qualified teachers, compared to districts with weak unions. This study shows that teachers’ unions in the United States still organize without formal labor-management institutions and make a significant impact on teachers’ work lives, even in a hostile legal environment toward unions.
Liberatory Research: Bridging the Gap Between Community Organizing and Research
Authors: Lewis Blu , Arriaga Felicia
Published: March 2023

The North Carolina Black Leadership Organizing Collective (NCBLOC) began in 2015 and is in a 10-year process to develop Black-led movement organizations in North Carolina. Blu Lewis was one of the visionary architects of this initiative and refers to many of the ways we use research inside of the organization to work towards our goals. Felicia Arriaga joined NCBLOC as the network coordinator for one of NC BLOC’s projects called the NC Statewide Police Accountability Network in 2019, moved into supporting cross movement organizing within NC BLOC, and now is the Development Manager for NC BLOC. We dive into a discussion about research and organizing strategies, how we can redefine validation, how we can pair research with narratives that represent our communities, how our values can align with our research, and how we can combat white supremacy culture that shows up in our research practices.
Exploring data journalism practices in Africa: data politics, media ecosystems and newsroom infrastructures
Authors: Chiumbu Sarah , Munoriyarwa Allen
Published: March 2023

Extant research on data journalism in Africa has focused on newsroom factors and the predilections of individual journalists as determinants of the uptake of data journalism on the continent. This article diverts from this literature by examining the slow uptake of data journalism in sub- Saharan Africa through the prisms of non-newsroom factors. Drawing on in-depth interviews with prominent investigative journalists sampled from several African countries, we argue that to understand the slow uptake of data journalism on the continent; there is a need to critique the role of data politics, which encompasses state, market and existing media ecosystems across the continent. Therefore, it is necessary to move beyond newsroom-centric factors that have dominated the contemporary understanding of data journalism practices. A broader, non-newsroom conceptualisation beyond individual journalistic predilections and newsroom resources provides productive clarity on data journalism’s slow uptake on the continent. These arguments are made through the conceptual prisms of materiality, performativity and reflexivity.
Dudes, boobs, and GameCubes: Video game advertising enters adolescence
Authors: Condis Megan , Morrissette Jess
Published: March 2023

When a product is marketed according to gender, it is often positioned as a way for consumers to enact that gender. In the following pages, we trace how video game advertising “grew up,” transitioning from a broader focus on family entertainment into a more specific focus on selling toys to young boys and finally evolving into what we call “lad ads,” or advertisements designed to appeal specifically to straight male adolescents by playing on expectations of masculine heteronormativity. The legacy of these lad ads has contributed significantly toward solidifying the connection between video games and masculinity.
The Inverse Association Between Number of Siblings and Divorce: New Evidence From China and Europe
Authors: Downey Doug B. , Yao Man , Merry Joseph
Published: March 2023

In the U.S., evidence has emerged suggesting that divorce is lower among those with many versus few siblings, a pattern that may indicate that children develop important social skills via their childhood interactions with siblings. However, this pattern has yet to be tested in other countries with varying fertility and divorce rates. We extend the empirical basis of the sibship size/divorce literature by exploring the association in China and Europe, each with unique demographic characteristics. Each additional sibling is associated with an 11 percent decline in the probability of divorce in China and a two percent decline in Europe, net a wide range of covariates. We also test whether these patterns vary across cohorts and alternative coding schemes. The results have implications for our understanding of how growing up with siblings influences later life outcomes and the contextual features that form that relationship.
Integrating multiple time-scales to advance relationship science
Authors: Heshmati Saeideh , Sbarra David A. , Benson Lizbeth
Published: March 2023

It is widely acknowledged that social relationships unfold across multiple time-scales. For example, social interactions that take place over moments, hours, or days also shape relationship change and outcomes over months, years, and even decades. These processes likely unfold in the reverse direction as well: experiences over longer-term timeframes may shape how people interact on a moment-to-moment basis. The increasing availability of intensive longitudinal data and measurement burst designs, as well as creativity in the contexts and modes of data collection--including social media, text messages, and event-contingent sampling--have exploded the possibilities for advancing knowledge on social relationships across multiple time-scales. The aim of this issue is to forward methodological innovations, empirical findings, and future directions in relationship science through the study of social and personal relationships across multiple time-scales.
How is community based ‘out-of-hours’ care provided to patients with advanced illness near the end of life: A systematic review of care provision
Authors: Firth Alice M , Lin Cheng-Pei , Yi Deok Hee , Goodrich Joanna , Gaczkowska Inez , Waite Frances , Harding Richard , Murtagh Fliss EM , Evans Catherine J
Published: March 2023

Background:

Deaths in the community are increasing. However, community palliative care out-of-hours is variable. We lack detailed understanding of how care is provided out-of-hours and the associated outcomes.

Aim:

To review systematically the components, outcomes and economic evaluation of community-based ‘out-of-hours’ care for patients near the end of life and their families.

Design:

Mixed method systematic narrative review. Narrative synthesis, development and application of a typology to categorise out-of-hours provision. Qualitative data were synthesised thematically and integrated at the level of interpretation and reporting.

Data sources:

Systematic review searching; MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL from January 1990 to 1st August 2022.

Results:

About 64 publications from 54 studies were synthesised (from 9259 retrieved). Two main themes were identified: (1) importance of being known to a service and (2) high-quality coordination of care. A typology of out-of-hours service provision was constructed using three overarching dimensions (service times, focus of team delivering the care and type of care delivered) resulting in 15 categories of care. Only nine papers were randomised control trials or controlled cohorts reporting outcomes. Evidence on effectiveness was apparent for providing 24/7 specialist palliative care with both hands-on clinical care and advisory care. Only nine publications reported economic evaluation.

Conclusions:

The typological framework allows models of out-of-hours care to be systematically defined and compared. We highlight the models of out-of-hours care which are linked with improvement of patient outcomes. There is a need for effectiveness and cost effectiveness studies which define and categorise out-of-hours care to allow thorough evaluation of services.
Inclusivity and Diversity: A Systematic Review of Strategies Employed in the Higher Education Marketing Discipline
Authors: Riedel Aimee S. , Beatson Amanda T. , Gottlieb Udo
Published: March 2023

This paper reports on a systematic review into inclusivity and diversity in the higher education marketing discipline. Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and are analyzed to identify the inclusion and diversity identities that have been studied, synthesize strategies that have been identified as successful in supporting inclusion and diversity in the classroom and propose a future research agenda to further scholarly understanding within the marketing discipline. The findings suggest that most prior studies have focused on cultural diversity or diversity in general, and the strategies identified as effective were (a) utilizing technology to support inclusion and diversity, (b) developing curriculum that takes into consideration the diverse society we live in, (c) integrating projects into curriculum that are focused on diversity and inclusion, and (d) considering extra-curricular activities to deepen students’ inclusivity and diversity skills.
“Idiopathic” intracranial hypertension: An update from neurointerventional research for clinicians
Authors: Fargen Kyle M , Coffman Stephanie , Torosian Taron , Brinjikji Waleed , Nye Barbara L , Hui Ferdinand
Published: March 2023

Background

The recognition of venous sinus stenosis as a contributing factor in the majority of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension coupled with increasing cerebral venography and venous sinus stenting experience have dramatically improved our understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms driving this disease. There is now a dense, growing body of research in the neurointerventional literature detailing anatomical and physiological mechanisms of disease which has not been widely disseminated among clinicians.

Methods

A literature search was conducted, covering the most recent neurointerventional literature on idiopathic intracranial hypertension, the pathophysiology of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and management strategies (including venous sinus stenting), and subsequently summarized to provide a comprehensive review of the most recently published studies on idiopathic intracranial hypertension pathophysiology and management.

Conclusion

Recent studies in the neurointerventional literature have greatly improved our understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms causing idiopathic intracranial hypertension and its associated conditions. The ability to make individualized, patient-specific treatment approaches has been made possible by advances in our understanding of how venous sinus stenosis and cerebral venous hypertension fundamentally contribute to idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
A downstream social norms approach for curtailing e-cigarette waste: Promising social marketing interventions from consumer interactions
Authors: Shamhuyenhanzva Roy Malon , Muposhi Asphat , Hungwe Delight Rufaro
Published: March 2023

Irresponsibly disposed electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) waste poses significant public health and environmental harm. This study explores downstream social marketing interventions that can be used to curtail the growth of e-cigarette waste in South Africa through the lenses of the social norms approach. This study harnesses the power of social marketing to identify downstream interventions that can be used by marketers to curb the problem of e-cigarette waste. An exploratory research design and a qualitative method were employed. Six virtual focus groups were conducted to collect cross-sectional data from South African electronic cigarette users. Reciprocal altruism, social orientation value, moral licensing and ecological beliefs were found to be the main normative influences that characterise e-cigarette waste. The results support the proposition that social marketers should employ a downstream approach to develop interventions to curtail the growth of e-cigarette waste. Such measures are envisaged to complement upstream initiatives. This study offers new insights on how to manage e-cigarette waste in the context of an emerging market.
The Human Milk Metabolome: A Scoping Literature Review
Authors: Baumgartel Kelley , Stevens Monica , Vijayakumar Nisha , Saint Fleur Angeline , Prescott Stephanie , Groer Maureen
Published: March 2023

Background:

Human milk is a complex source of nutrition and other bioactives that protects infants from disease, holding a lifetime of beneficial effects. The field of metabolomics provides a robust platform through which we can better understand human milk at a level rarely examined.

Research Aim:

To Identify, describe, synthesize, and critically analyze the literature within the past 5 years related to the human milk metabolome.

Methods:

We conducted a scoping literature review and quality analysis of the recent science reflecting untargeted metabolomic approaches to examining human milk. We searched six databases using the terms “breast milk,” “metabolome,” “metabolite,” and “human milk,” Out of more than 1,069 abstracts, we screened and identified 22 articles that met our inclusion criteria.

Results:

We extracted data related to the study author, geographic location, research design, analyses, platform used, and results. We also extracted data related to human milk research activities, including collection protocol, infant/maternal considerations, and time. Selected studies focused on a variety of phenotypes, including maternal and infant disease. Investigators used varying approaches to evaluate the metabolome, and differing milk collection protocols were observed.

Conclusion:

The human milk metabolome is informed by many factors—which may contribute to infant health outcomes—that have resulted in disparate milk metabolomic profiles. Standardized milk collection and storage procedures should be implemented to minimize degradation. Investigators may use our findings to develop research questions that test a targeted metabolomic approach.
Age-based triage and human rights
Authors: Bílková Veronika
Published: March 2023

The article provides the first comprehensive assessment of age-based triage from the perspective of human rights. Triage, that is the sorting of patients into categories of priority of treatment, has been known for decades. It has however got larger prominence during the Covid-19 crisis. The crisis has exposed healthcare systems in many countries to a critical shortage of resources, forcing them to consider resorting to triage. The absence of legal rules has been compensated by non-binding triage guidelines, adopted by professional medical and ethical associations. This article analyses 11 guidelines, showing that none of them is truly age neutral. Some use allocation criteria that entail disparate treatment of older persons, consisting of their de-prioritization or exclusion from access to life-saving treatment on account of their age. Others rely on allocation criteria whose application has disparate effects on older persons. The article argues that whereas the latter approach could be compatible with human rights standards, the former entails violations of the principle of non-discrimination and of several other human rights (the right to life, the prohibition of inhuman and degrading treatment, the right to private life, and the right to health).
Robust stabilization control of live working robot under wind load based on angular momentum conservation principle
Authors: Wei Jiang , Wenhan Dai , Gaocheng Ye , Dehua Zou
Published: March 2023

In respond to the problem that the live working robot is easy to be affected by wind load in the process of field high altitude operation, which result in robot body rolling with poor stability and low operation efficiency, a robot momentum wheel balance control method under wind load action based on the principle of angular momentum conservation has been proposed in this paper. The moment generated by the rotation of the momentum wheel is used to offset the wind load moment so as to realize the robot online balance control. Through the analysis of the influence mechanism for the live working robot on the wind load, the coupling relationship model of three kinds typical parameters namely, wind force, robot rolling angle, and momentum wheel drive moment have been established. Based on the virtual prototype size of the live working robot, the physical model of the momentum wheel device is established and the dynamic model of robot balance system under the wind load is established by Lagrange method. Finally, the disturbance environment of the robot under the wind load action in ADAMS and MATLAB-SIMULINK software, a fuzzy PID controller has been adopt to control the robot online in real time wind load. Compared with computational torque control and gravity compensation control, the simulation result show that the momentum wheel balance can reduce the rolling angle under the wind load and keep the robot in a balance posture with strong robustness. The research of this paper has important theoretical significance and practical application value for promoting the practical application of robot in actual wind load operation environment.
Validation of the structural integrity of an aircraft external fuel tank through a structural test under flight-load conditions
Authors: Kim Hyun-gi , Kim Sungchan , An Su-hong , Ha Byoung-geun , Kim Young-shin
Published: March 2023

An external fuel tank, one of the main components of an aircraft, is a component that extends the range of the aircraft and that should be separable from the aircraft in emergency situations. During flight, if structural damage occurs in an external fuel tank, the survivability of the aircraft may be catastrophically affected. Therefore, the structural integrity of such external fuel tanks must be proven under flight-load conditions applied to the external fuel tank during flight. This study presents the results of a structural test conducted to verify the structural integrity of an external fuel tank for flight-load conditions. In the main text, the process of converting the six-component flight load into a test load is described, and a whiffle tree application plan is presented for efficient testing. Then, the reliability of the test load was confirmed by comparing it with the required flight load. As a result of the structural test, the test loads were stably controlled. It was also confirmed that the internal pressure of the test specimen measured in real time during the test was maintained well within the required pressure range and that the behavior of the EFT was suitably predicted through a numerical analysis. After the structural test, it was found through an inspection that the test specimen did not undergo serious structural damage under the required flight-load condition. In conclusion, through structural testing, it was validated that the newly developed external fuel tank had sufficient structural integrity under all required flight-load conditions.
Linear mixed models for investigating effect modification in subgroup meta-analysis
Authors: Sørensen Anne Lyngholm , Marschner Ian C
Published: March 2023

Subgroup meta-analysis can be used for comparing treatment effects between subgroups using information from multiple trials. If the effect of treatment is differential depending on subgroup, the results could enable personalization of the treatment. We propose using linear mixed models for estimating treatment effect modification in aggregate data meta-analysis. The linear mixed models capture existing subgroup meta-analysis methods while allowing for additional features such as flexibility in modeling heterogeneity, handling studies with missing subgroups and more. Reviews and simulation studies of the best suited models for estimating possible differential effect of treatment depending on subgroups have been studied mostly within individual participant data meta-analysis. While individual participant data meta-analysis in general is recommended over aggregate data meta-analysis, conducting an aggregate data subgroup meta-analysis could be valuable for exploring treatment effect modifiers before committing to an individual participant data subgroup meta-analysis. Additionally, using solely individual participant data for subgroup meta-analysis requires collecting sufficient individual participant data which may not always be possible. In this article, we compared existing methods with linear mixed models for aggregate data subgroup meta-analysis under a broad selection of scenarios using simulation and two case studies. Both the case studies and simulation studies presented here demonstrate the advantages of the linear mixed model approach in aggregate data subgroup meta-analysis.
Labouring women perspectives on mistreatment during childbirth: a qualitative study
Authors: Pazandeh Farzaneh , Moridi Maryam , Safari Kolsoom
Published: March 2023

Background

Respectful care during labour and childbirth, which has recently received a great deal of attention around the world, is vital for providing high-quality maternity care. However, this area has been underexplored in developing countries including Iran.

Research aim

This study aimed to assess postpartum women’s views regarding disrespect and abuse during labour and childbirth in Iran.

Methods

A qualitative study that involved a purposive sample of 21 postpartum women was conducted in Tehran, Iran, between 2019 and 2020. Following the semi-structured individual interviews, a conventional content analysis was performed.

Ethical considerations

This research approved by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran, with the ethical approval number 1396.810. Following explanation of the study's objectives, eligible women consented to participate in the study. The confidentiality of the participants' information and the anonymity of the analysis were maintained at all stage of the study. All data was stored on the password protected file in the researcher computer The findings were only disseminated in summary form, with no identifying of individual participants.

Results

Analysis of the data resulted in two main themes: ‘inappropriate interaction’ and ‘inadequate quality care’. The ‘inappropriate interaction’ theme includes ‘lack of empathy’ and ‘verbal abuse’. The second theme includes five sub-themes ‘lack of participation in decision-making’, ‘lack of privacy’, ‘ignorance of women’s pain and medical needs’, ‘rushed labour and painful procedures’, and “unsatisfying facilities’.

Conclusion

Providing supportive care, respectful communication, adequate participation in decision-making, maintaining privacy, attending to women’s labour pain and medical needs, and improving the quality of the physical birth environment are all examples of what labouring women consider to be respectful maternity care. To minimise disrespect and maltreatment of women during childbirth, an all-inclusive strategy engaging women, communities, healthcare professionals, managers, and educators is required.
A Proposed Stage Model of LGBTQ People’s Selection of and Engagement with Therapists
Authors: Leitch Judith , McGeough Briana L.
Published: March 2023

Psychotherapy research often centers therapists’ perspectives, and thus there is minimal exigent research on selection of or engagement with practice from the client perspective, limiting therapists’ ability to incorporate the client’s perspective into treatment. This is particularly relevant for clients with marginalized identities, like lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people, whose experiences of oppression may mediate the therapist selection and engagement process. This article proposes a six-stage model describing LGBTQ clients’ process of selection of and engagement with therapists. This model emphasizes the importance of client and therapist identities and identity-congruence, therapist’s self-reported treatment modalities, and the effects of system-level barriers, such as costs, in mental health care. Awareness of these factors enables therapists to anticipate clients’ needs, potentially increasing the effectiveness of care.
Thermoacoustic response of polymethyl methacrylate composite shells reinforced by carbon nanotube resting on Winkler–Pasternak elastic foundation
Authors: Tarkashvand Ali , Bolhassani Mohammad , Daneshjou Kamran , Bakhtiari Majid
Published: March 2023

This paper presented an analytical method for investigating the vibroacoustic response of polymethyl methacrylate composite shells reinforced by CNTs resting on an elastic foundation under thermal loading. This structure is submerged in a moving fluid and excited by an acoustics plane wave. The CNTs are assumed to have a graded distribution in the polymethyl methacrylate matrix. The properties of the CNTs are assumed to be temperature-dependent. Different types of CNTs distributions such as UD, X, V, and O are considered. The Winkler–Pasternak model is applied to describe the vibrational behavior of the elastic foundation. The equations of motion of the structure are based on Hamilton’s principle using the TSDT, considering the effects of shear and rotation. To validate the present analytical method, the obtained results are compared with those of other researchers. Next, the effects of various significant parameters such as elastic foundation, temperature gradient, CNTs distributions, and Mach number on the TL are studied. The results show increasing the temperature reduces the TL because the stiffness bending of the structure decreases. It can be seen that the addition of CNTs to the matrix, with an appropriate volume fraction, improves the sound transmission loss due to the enhancement of stiffness.
A combined method to identify the rail irregularity at welded region
Authors: Lou Ping , Chen Yin , Li Zheng
Published: March 2023

The track irregularities affect the safety and comfort of running vehicle and increase the dynamic responses of vehicle and track. There is the rail irregularity at the welded region, and the irregularity can be regarded as the superposition of two cosine waves with the long wavelength about 1 m and the short wavelength of 0.1–0.2 m. The welded location has both short-wavelength irregularity and long-wavelength irregularity. A combined method is presented to identify the rail irregularity at the welded region using the acceleration time history curve of wheelset. Firstly, the accelerations of wheelset are transformed into the different frequencies domain signals by wavelet transformation, and the rail irregularity with the short wavelength and high-frequency is determined. Secondly, the rail irregularity with the long wavelength and low-frequency is identified by the Wigner–Ville distribution or the short-time energy method. Finally, the rail irregularity at the welded region is determined by both of the above two steps met. The correctness of the proposed method is validated by numerical example. The proposed method can accurately and efficiently identify the high-frequency and low-frequency characteristics of the rail irregularity at the welded region.
Moderators of Sexual Recidivism as Indicator of Treatment Effectiveness in Persons With Sexual Offense Histories: An Updated Meta-analysis
Authors: Holper Lisa , Mokros Andreas , Habermeyer Elmar
Published: March 2023

The present meta-analysis is an update of the meta-analysis by Schmucker and Lösel [Campbell Syst. Rev. 2017; 13: 1–75], which synthesized evidence on sexual recidivism as an indicator of treatment effectiveness in persons with sexual offense histories. The updated meta-analysis includes 37 samples comprising a total of 30,394 individuals with sexual offense histories, which is nearly three times the sample size reported by Schmucker and Lösel (2017: 28 samples, N = 9781). In line with Schmucker and Lösel (2017), the mean treatment effect was small with an odds ratio of 1.54 [95% CI 1.22, 1.95] ( p < .001). A moderator analysis suggested three predictors of importance, i.e., risk level, treatment specialization, and author confounding. Greater treatment effectiveness was suggested in high- and medium-compared to low-risk individuals and in specialized compared to non-specialized treatments. Authors affiliated with treatment programs reported larger effectiveness than independent authors. These findings were overall in line with Schmucker and Lösel (2017), though the effects of risk level and treatment specialization were stronger in the current meta-analysis. The findings of the updated meta-analysis reinforce the evidence for the first and second principle of the Risk-Need-Responsivity model. The results may support researchers and decision-makers in interpreting the current evidence on sexual recidivism as an indicator of treatment effectiveness, and, based on that, implement and carry out informative, methodologically sound evaluations of ongoing treatment programs in persons with sexual offense histories.
ADHD and Psychological Need Fulfillment in College Students
Authors: Serrano Judah W. , Abu-Ramadan Tamara M. , Vasko John M. , Leopold Daniel R. , Canu Will H. , Willcutt Erik G. , Hartung Cynthia M.
Published: March 2023

Objective:

Self-determination theory suggests that the satisfaction and frustration of basic psychological needs—autonomy, competence, relatedness—are uniquely associated with overall well-being. Undergraduates with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience more academic-related impairment and are less likely to graduate. Thus, well-being is important to understand and aim to improve in these students.

Method:

Students at four universities ( N = 2,197) completed a survey and reported previous diagnoses, ADHD symptoms, and psychological need satisfaction and frustration. Group differences were explored via t-tests; associations were explored via structural equation modeling.

Results:

The ADHD group reported lower satisfaction and higher frustration across all psychological needs. Inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity were uniquely associated with aspects of need fulfillment beyond the impact of comorbid symptoms. Sex differences emerged such that women with ADHD had the lowest overall need satisfaction.

Conclusions:

Addressing need fulfillment, both satisfaction and frustration, in interventions with undergraduates with clinical/subclinical levels of ADHD may optimize treatment effectiveness.
Indigenous Elder-centered methodology: research that decolonizes and indigenizes
Authors: Crouch (Deg Hit’an, Coahuiltecan) Maria C , Kim Steffi M , Asquith-Heinz Zayla , Decker Elyse , Andrew (Yup’ik, Inupiaq) Nyché T , Lewis (Aleut) Jordon P , Rosich Rosellen M
Published: March 2023

Indigenous research posits that practice-based evidence is fundamental to culturally grounded, multifaceted methods. The objective is to outline the key tenets and characteristics of Elder-centered research and relevant methodology using an interconnected progression of Alaska Native studies. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 Alaska Native Elders, 21 Alaska Native caregivers, and 12 Alaska Native and non-Native caregivers in two studies exploring cultural understandings of memory and successful aging. The design and implementation of these studies employed Elders at every level, ensuring cultural relevance, outcomes, and dissemination. Results reflect the benefits of engaging Alaska Native Elders in research and reveal methods for best practices: (a) creating advisory councils, (b) identifying stakeholders, (c) weaving together Elder and western knowledge systems, and (d) the reciprocal nature of Elder engagement and well-being. This research centers Indigenous values and research for an Elder-centered methodology that encourages engagement of older adults in applicable, meaningful, restorative, and enculturated ways.
Treatment Options for Multinucleate Cell Angiohistiocytoma: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Taibo Ana , Padin Cristina Prego , Losada Jesus Del Pozo , Fonseca Eduardo
Published: March 2023

Background

Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma (MCAH) is an unusual fibrohistiocytic proliferation in the dermis with vascular hyperplasia. Numerous clinicopathological studies of MCAH have been published, but little has been written in relation to treatment.

Objectives

The aim of the present study is to review the therapeutical approaches for MCAH in the literature and to report the results of the different therapies followed at our institution.

Methods

A literature review was conducted including all MCAH published cases that followed any therapy. Search terms included “multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma” or “MCAH” and “treatment” or “therapy”. Also, all cases of MCAH treated at our institution from 2010 to 2020 are reported.

Results

The literature search revealed 16 cases of MCAH treated with any of the therapeutic options. At our institution, 9 patients have been treated of MCAH between 2010 and 2020. Over 75% of them were female, and the median age was 56 years (range 47-73). More than 50% had lesions on the dorsum of the hands. Surgical excision was indicated in 2 patients, ablative CO2 laser was used in 1 patient and the 6 remaining ones followed vascular-targeted therapies (PDL and IPL). A satisfactory cosmetic result was achieved in all of them.

Conclusions

We propose PDL therapy as a first-line treatment for MCAH since it achieves satisfactory esthetic results, while being well-tolerated. Selecting those amenable patients according to morphologic characteristics may be useful to avoid unsuccessful therapies. In MCAH with predominant fibrous stroma, surgery or CO2 laser may be the best option.