bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum biomarkers in periprosthetic joint infections
Authors: Saleh A. , George J. , Faour M. , Klika A. K. , Higuera C. A.
Published: January 2018

Objectives

The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is difficult and requires a battery of tests and clinical findings. The purpose of this review is to summarize all current evidence for common and new serum biomarkers utilized in the diagnosis of PJI.

Methods

We searched two literature databases, using terms that encompass all hip and knee arthroplasty procedures, as well as PJI and statistical terms reflecting diagnostic parameters. The findings are summarized as a narrative review.

Results

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were the two most commonly published serum biomarkers. Most evidence did not identify other serum biomarkers that are clearly superior to ESR and CRP. Other serum biomarkers have not demonstrated superior sensitivity and have failed to replace CRP and ESR as first-line screening tests. D-dimer appears to be a promising biomarker, but more research is necessary. Factors that influence serum biomarkers include temporal trends, stage of revision, and implant-related factors (metallosis).

Conclusion

Our review helped to identify factors that can influence serum biomarkers’ level changes; the recognition of such factors can help improve their diagnostic utility. As such, we cannot rely on ESR and CRP alone for the diagnosis of PJI prior to second-stage reimplantation, or in metal-on-metal or corrosion cases. The future of serum biomarkers will likely shift towards using genomics and proteomics to identify proteins transcribed via messenger RNA in response to infection and sepsis. Cite this article: A. Saleh, J. George, M. Faour, A. K. Klika, C. A. Higuera. Serum biomarkers in periprosthetic joint infections. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:85–93. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.71.BJR-2017-0323.
The effect of waste on chlorophyll content of leaves and regeneration of mangrove forest at Angke Kapuk Protection Forest, Jakarta
Authors: LESTARI FARIDAH , KUSMANA CECEP
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Lestari F, Kusmana C. 2015. The effect of waste on chlorophyll content of leaves and regeneration of mangrove forest at Angke Kapuk Protection Forest, Jakarta. Bonorowo Wetlands 5: 77-84. Mangrove ecosystem is a transition ecosystem between land and sea. Currently the mangrove forests at Angke Kapuk Protection Forest, North Jakarta have been degraded by a large amount of waste. To manage this situation, the forest research was carried out with the aim to consider the effect of waste existence on the chlorophyll content of tree leaves and the regeneration of mangrove forests in Angke Kapuk Protection Forest. The results showed that the existence of the waste has not affected the chlorophyll content of leaves, but it has a significant impact on the regeneration of mangrove forests. This is shown with a density of mangrove seedlings in the less waste-occupied mangrove area is bigger than that of medium and high waste-occupied mangrove areas.
Perception, attitude, and participation of the community around mangrove forest management in Wonorejo, Surabaya, East Java
Authors: HAKIM ARIS MAULANA
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Hakim A, Darusman D. 2015. Perception, attitude, and participation of the community around mangrove forest management in Wonorejo, Surabaya, East Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 5: 85-93.  Wonorejo Mangrove Forest (WMF) is a form of forest area in Surabaya of East Java that is now in good condition, but there are some damaged vegetations and facilities caused by the communities and visitors’ unresponsible behavior. This research is purposed to scale the perception, attitude, and participation level of the community around WMF management. This research is conducted at Wonorejo Village with 100 respondents. From the research, it can be shown that the perception of the communities about WMF management is in a high category. Education, Jobs, Gender, and Counseling factors formed the community perception significantly high. The attitude level of the communities about WMF management included in the category of High which none factors formed the communities attitudes low significantly. Also, the participation level of the communities in WMF management is in a Low category. Education and Counseling factors formed the community’s participation level significantly high.
The estimation model of mangrove forest biomass using a medium resolution satellite imagery in the concession area of forest concession company in West Kalimantan
Authors: YUSANDI SENDI , JAYA I NENGAH SURATI
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Yusandi S, Jaya INS. 2016. The estimation model of mangrove forest biomass using a medium resolution satellite imagery in the concession area of forest concession company in West Kalimantan. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 69-81.  Mangrove forest is one of the forest ecosystem types having the highest carbon stock in the tropics. Mangrove forests have a good assimilation capability with their environmental elements as well as have a high capability on carbon sequestration. Up to now, however, the availability of data and information on carbon storage, especially on tree biomass content of mangroves is still limited. Conventionally, an accurate estimation of biomass could be obtained from terrestrial measurements, but those methods are costly and time-consuming. This study offered an alternative solution to overcome these limitations by using remote sensing technology, i.e., using the moderate resolution imageries Landsat 8. The objective of this study is to formulate the biomass estimation model using medium resolution satellite imagery, as well as to develop a biomass distribution map based on the selected model. The study found that the NDVI has a considerably high correlation coefficient of larger than > 0.7071 with the standing biomass. On the basis of the values of aggregation deviation, mean deviation, bias, RMSE, ?², R², and s, the best model for estimating the mangrove standing biomass is B=0.00023404 with the R² value of 77.1%. In general, the concession area of BSN Group (PT Kandelia Alam Semesta and PT Bina Ovivipari) has a potential of biomass ranging from 45 to 100 tons per ha.
VRAM steal syndrome – a unique cause of flap necrosis in chest wall reconstruction
Authors: Young S , Pantelide N , Iyer S
Published: January 2018

The pedicled vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap is a robust flap, which is considered to be a ‘workhorse’ regional option for chest wall reconstruction. We describe a previously unreported complication of partial flap loss due to ‘steal syndrome’, whereby arterial supply was diverted away from the flap due to dialysis from an ipsilateral arteriovenous fistula.
Computed tomography as a first-line investigation for elderly patients admitted to a surgical assessment unit
Authors: Radwan RW , Tang AM , Beasley WD
Published: January 2018

Background

Increases in life expectancy has meant that a higher proportion of patients presenting to surgical assessment units are now elderly. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) can provide early and accurate diagnosis in the elderly, even in the presence of incomplete clinical and biological findings. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of early CT imaging in elderly patients presenting directly to the surgical assessment unit.

Materials and methods

All consecutive patients aged 65 years and over admitted directly to the surgical assessment unit between January 2017 and April 2017 were identified. Data were collected on demographics, laboratory investigations, radiological investigations and hospital admission. The primary outcome measure was overall length of stay.

Results

A total of 200 consecutive patients were identified and included over a six-month period. This comprised 110 women and 90 men with a median age of 78 years (range 64–98 years). A total of 83 patients underwent CT on admission to the surgical assessment unit. White cell count (WCC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) results were significantly higher in patients undergoing CT (P = 0.001). Median length of stay for patients undergoing CT was 5 days (range 1–19 days). This was significantly lower than those patients not receiving CT imaging, at 6 days (range 1–105 days; P = 0.034).

Discussion

CT should be considered as a first-line investigation when elderly patients with an acute abdomen are admitted to surgical assessment units. Early CT can accelerate hospital discharge and decrease overall length of hospital stay.
Potensi Cendawan Endofit sebagai Pengendali Hayati Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang (Phytophthora capsici) pada Bibit Cabai
Authors: Ramdan Evan Purnama , Tondok Efi Toding , Wiyono Suryo , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti , Widodo Widodo
Published: January 2018

Stem rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici is an important disease on chilli. Eight endophytic fungi that had been isolated and screened based on pathogenecity test were further tested for their potential as the biological control agent of the stem rot disease of chilli. The endophytic fungi suspension was applied twice during the trial. The first application was on 100 seed lot, by soaking them in 100 mL of suspension. The second application was on the 3 weeks-old chili seedlings by drenching them with 10 mL suspension per plant. The concentration of endophytic fungi  in the suspension was 2.8 × 106 cfu mL-1. The disease intensity and AUDPC value were measured for 4 weeks after the pathogen inoculation. The growth inhibition test of P. capsici  was performed in vitro and the colonization abilities of endophytic fungi were observed at 4 weeks-old chilli seedlings. Eight endophytic fungi  inhibited the growth of the P. capsici, and two of those isolates namely Penicillium strain MAG1 and Penicillium strain PAB2 showed antibiosis mechanism. Endophytic fungi has the ability more to colonize at the root (26–60%) than in the stem (20–40%). Fusarium strain MAGR1 has the highest level of endophytic colonization i.e. 60% compared to others.  Based on in vivo assay, six endophytic fungi isolates, i.e. Fusarium strain MAGR1, Penicillium strain MAG1, Penicillium strain PAB2, sterile hyphae HAJ1, sterile hyphae HAJ2, and  sterile hyphae PBG7, showed the potency to control stem rot disease with inhibition level of 25.5–35.5%
Evaluasi Resistensi Progeni Anggrek Phalaenopsis terhadap Penyakit Busuk Lunak (Pseudomonas viridiflava)
Authors: Hanudin Hanudin , Rahardjo Indijarto Budi , Budiarto Kurniawan
Published: January 2018

A bacterial soft rot disease caused by P. viridiflava was one of problems in orchid nursery, especially Phalaenopsis.  An evaluation on progenies derived from three crossing combinations were conducted to find out the symptom characteristic, development of infections of the disease and resistance response of the progenies against artificial infection of P. viridiflava. The research was conducted under a standard glass house conditions for Phalaenopsis involving 31 individuals from 3 progeny populations, namely P.157, E.2153 and E.2189. The results showed that symptoms were characterized by the lesion of the leaf tissues. On most accessions, the lesion enlarged and foul odor was detected as an indication of the successful establishment of bacterial infection. Based on the disease severity, three accessions (P.157-12, P.157-45, and P.157-71) had the lowest infections and were classified into resistant genotypes. One accession, i.e. P.157-32 was classified as susceptible and the rest 27 accessions were grouped into very susceptible class.
Effects of Ageing on the Bond Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer/Concrete Adhesive Joints: Investigation Using a Modified Double Shear Test
Authors: Quiertant M. , Benzarti K. , Schneider J. , Landrin F. , Landrin M. , Boinski F.
Published: January 2018

Although externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are now commonly used for the strengthening and repair of reinforced concrete structures, the durability of the adhesive bond at the concrete/composite interface is still a matter of investigation and remains a critical issue to be addressed in order to assess the long-term performance of FRP strengthening methods. The proposed paper aimed at presenting the results of an investigation on the time evolution of the adhesive bond strength of concrete/composite assemblies exposed to accelerated ageing. Such an evolution was studied by performing double lap shear tests at several intermediate periods of ageing up to 1 year, while changes in the mechanical properties of the weakest constitutive materials, namely polymer adhesive and concrete, were investigated by means of tensile and compressive tests, respectively. Considering that an increase in the transfer length of aged samples can counterbalance the ageing-induced degradation of the mechanical properties of the bulk adhesive and can finally lead to an unchanged shear capacity of the joint, a new geometry of double-shear test specimens was proposed. This geometry involved a smaller bonded length and consequently restricted the possible increase in transfer length during ageing. Moreover, their reduced size allows the storage of a large number of samples in standard climatic chambers. A specific anchorage device was designed, so that double lap shear tests could be carried out using a conventional universal testing machine. The obtained results showed that the shear tests based on this original setup are able to reveal the evolutions of both the bond strength and the failure mode of concrete/composite assemblies subjected to various accelerated ageing conditions. These ageing conditions were found to have only slight detrimental effects on the mechanical characteristics of samples, and finally a partial recovery was observed.
Ephexin1 Is Required for Eph-Mediated Limb Trajectory of Spinal Motor Axons
Authors: Chang Chih-Ju , Chang Ming-Yuan , Chou Szu-Yi , Huang Chi-Chen , Chuang Jian-Ying , Hsu Tsung-I , Chang Hsing-Fang , Wu Yi-Hsin , Wu Chung-Che , Morales Daniel , Kania Artur , Kao Tzu-Jen
Published: January 2018

The precise assembly of a functional nervous system relies on the guided migration of axonal growth cones, which is made possible by signals transmitted to the cytoskeleton by cell surface-expressed guidance receptors. We investigated the function of ephexin1, a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, as an essential growth-cone guidance intermediary in the context of spinal lateral motor column (LMC) motor axon trajectory selection in the limb mesenchyme. Usingin situmRNA detection, we first show that ephexin1 is expressed in LMC neurons of chick and mouse embryos at the time of spinal motor axon extension into the limb. Ephexin1 loss of function and gain of function usingin ovoelectroporation in chick LMC neurons, of either sex, perturbed LMC axon trajectory selection, demonstrating an essential role of ephexin1 in motor axon guidance. In addition, ephexin1 loss in mice of either sex led to LMC axon trajectory selection errors. We also show that ephexin1 knockdown attenuates the growth preference of LMC neurites against ephrinsin vitroand Eph receptor-mediated retargeting of LMC axonsin vivo, suggesting that ephexin1 is required in Eph-mediated LMC motor axon guidance. Finally, both ephexin1 knockdown and ectopic expression of nonphosphorylatable ephexin1 mutant attenuated the retargeting of LMC axons caused by Src overexpression, implicating ephexin1 as an Src target in Eph signal relay in this context. In summary, our findings demonstrate that ephexin1 is essential for motor axon guidance and suggest an important role in relaying ephrin:Eph signals that mediate motor axon trajectory selection.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe proper development of functioning neural circuits requires precise nerve connections among neurons or between neurons and their muscle targets. The Eph tyrosine kinase receptors expressed in neurons are important in many contexts during neural-circuit formation, such as axon outgrowth, axon guidance, and synaptic formation, and have been suggested to be involved in neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. To dissect the mechanism of Eph signal relay, we studied ephexin1 gain of function and loss of function and found ephexin1 essential for the development of limb nerves toward their muscle targets, concluding that it functions as an intermediary to relay Eph signaling in this context. Our work could thus shed new light on the molecular mechanisms controlling neuromuscular connectivity during embryonic development.
Cortical Neural Activity Predicts Sensory Acuity Under Optogenetic Manipulation
Authors: Briguglio John J. , Aizenberg Mark , Balasubramanian Vijay , Geffen Maria N.
Published: January 2018

Excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the mammalian sensory cortex form interconnected circuits that control cortical stimulus selectivity and sensory acuity. Theoretical studies have predicted that suppression of inhibition in such excitatory–inhibitory networks can lead to either an increase or, paradoxically, a decrease in excitatory neuronal firing, with consequent effects on stimulus selectivity. We tested whether modulation of inhibition or excitation in the auditory cortex of male mice could evoke such a variety of effects in tone-evoked responses and in behavioral frequency discrimination acuity. We found that, indeed, the effects of optogenetic manipulation on stimulus selectivity and behavior varied in both magnitude and sign across subjects, possibly reflecting differences in circuitry or expression of optogenetic factors. Changes in neural population responses consistently predicted behavioral changes for individuals separately, including improvement and impairment in acuity. This correlation between cortical and behavioral change demonstrates that, despite the complex and varied effects that these manipulations can have on neuronal dynamics, the resulting changes in cortical activity account for accompanying changes in behavioral acuity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTExcitatory and inhibitory interactions determine stimulus specificity and tuning in sensory cortex, thereby controlling perceptual discrimination acuity. Modeling has predicted that suppressing the activity of inhibitory neurons can lead to increased or, paradoxically, decreased excitatory activity depending on the architecture of the network. Here, we capitalized on differences between subjects to test whether suppressing/activating inhibition and excitation can in fact exhibit such paradoxical effects for both stimulus sensitivity and behavioral discriminability. Indeed, the same optogenetic manipulation in the auditory cortex of different mice could improve or impair frequency discrimination acuity, predictable from the effects on cortical responses to tones. The same manipulations sometimes produced opposite changes in the behavior of different individuals, supporting theoretical predictions for inhibition-stabilized networks.
Loss of eIF4E Phosphorylation Engenders Depression-like Behaviors via Selective mRNA Translation
Authors: Amorim Inês S. , Kedia Sonal , Kouloulia Stella , Simbriger Konstanze , Gantois Ilse , Jafarnejad Seyed Mehdi , Li Yupeng , Kampaite Agniete , Pooters Tine , Romanò Nicola , Gkogkas Christos G.
Published: January 2018

The MAPK/ERK (mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway is a cardinal regulator of synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory in the hippocampus. One of major endpoints of this signaling cascade is the 5′ mRNA cap binding protein eIF4E (eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E), which is phosphorylated on Ser 209 by MNK (MAPK-interacting protein kinases) and controls mRNA translation. The precise role of phospho-eIF4E in the brain is yet to be determined. Herein, we demonstrate that ablation of eIF4E phosphorylation in male mice (4Ekimice) does not impair long-term spatial or contextual fear memory, or the late phase of LTP. Using unbiased translational profiling in mouse brain, we show that phospho-eIF4E differentially regulates the translation of a subset of mRNAs linked to inflammation, the extracellular matrix, pituitary hormones, and the serotonin pathway. Consequently,4Ekimale mice display exaggerated inflammatory responses and reduced levels of serotonin, concomitant with depression and anxiety-like behaviors. Remarkably, eIF4E phosphorylation is required for the chronic antidepressant action of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine. Finally, we propose a novel phospho-eIF4E-dependent translational control mechanism in the brain, via the GAIT complex (gamma IFN activated inhibitor of translation). In summary, our work proposes a novel translational control mechanism involved in the regulation of inflammation and depression, which could be exploited to design novel therapeutics.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe demonstrate that downstream of the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E (eIF4E) Ser209 phosphorylation is not required for classical forms of hippocampal LTP and memory. We reveal a novel role for eIF4E phosphorylation in inflammatory responses and depression-like behaviors. eIF4E phosphorylation is required for the chronic action of antidepressants, such as fluoxetine in mice. These phenotypes are accompanied by selective translation of extracellular matrix, pituitary hormones, and serotonin pathway genes, in eIF4E phospho-mutant mice. We also describe a previously unidentified translational control mechanism in the brain, whereby eIF4E phosphorylation is required for inhibiting the translation of gamma IFN activated inhibitor of translation element-containing mRNAs. These findings can be used to design novel therapeutics for depression.
Disruption of female reproductive function by endotoxins
Authors: Bidne K L , Dickson M J , Ross J W , Baumgard L H , Keating A F
Published: January 2018

Endotoxemia can be caused by obesity, environmental chemical exposure, abiotic stressors and bacterial infection. Circumstances that deleteriously impact intestinal barrier integrity can induce endotoxemia, and controlled experiments have identified negative impacts of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; an endotoxin mimetic) on folliculogenesis, puberty onset, estrus behavior, ovulation, meiotic competence, luteal function and ovarian steroidogenesis. In addition, neonatal LPS exposures have transgenerational female reproductive impacts, raising concern about early life contacts to this endogenous reproductive toxicant. Aims of this review are to identify physiological stressors causing endotoxemia, to highlight potential mechanism(s) by which LPS compromises female reproduction and identify knowledge gaps regarding how acute and/or metabolic endotoxemia influence(s) female reproduction.
Faculty members’ perception towards changes in Medical Education in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hassanien Mohammed
Published: January 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction and aim: Medical Education journey in Saudi Arabia started from about 50 years ago, however, it witnessed a lot of changes and rapid development in the last 10 years especially with the increase the number of medical colleges. Medical Education in Saudi Arabia seems to follow the same international pattern regarding the change process. There is a great need for a rigorous approach for evaluating the effectiveness of this changes and the process of its management. The aim of this study is to evaluate medical education change in Saudi Arabia from Faculty Staff Members' point of view. Method: The research was conducted through a cross-sectional study using a survey and grounded theory, as a mixed methods strategy. Results: The challenge that has the highest perception was the shortage of well-trained Faculty Staff Member. The strategies for implementing change are categorized into three categories: Curriculum reform, faculty development and improving learning environment. Conclusion: Change could be implemented through curriculum reform with the help of qualified Faculty staff members in presence of an enabling learning environment and supportive organizational measures. In Saudi Arabia, a variety of strategies was used for implementing change in medical education, without any preference to specific one.
A Re-assessment of the Thermodynamic Properties of Palladium
Authors: Arblaster John W.
Published: January 2018

The thermodynamic properties were reviewed by the author in 1995. A new assessment of the enthalpy of fusion has led to a revision of the thermodynamic properties of the liquid phase and although the enthalpy of sublimation at 298.15 K is retained as 377 ± 4 kJ mol–1 the normal boiling point is revised to 3272 K at one atmosphere pressure.
Synthesis and performance of polycarboxylate superplasticisers with different propylene oxide contents
Authors: Fan Shimin , Wang Tao , Qi Shuai , Ma Jianfeng , Huang Zhen , Chen Jian , Ran Qianping
Published: January 2018

A series of polycarboxylate superplasticisers (PCEs) were synthesised by the random free radical polymerisation of acrylic acid (AA) and polyether containing different propylene oxide (PO) contents. The structures of the polymers were confirmed by gel permeation chromatography, hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. The influence of the PCEs with different PO contents on the dispersion, adsorption, hydration and fluidity retaining abilities of cement pastes was investigated. The results indicated that the PCEs containing PO units exhibited a similar initial cement paste fluidity and better slump retaining ability. The adsorption experiments were consistent with the cement paste tests. The PCEs showed similar initial adsorption amounts at different dosages. The PCEs with PO content, however, especially with higher PO content, exhibited obviously lower adsorption amounts over time at the dosage of 2·5 mg/g. In addition, the PO units in the PCEs demonstrated a weaker effect on cement hydration.
Muerte por establecer y muerte súbita
Authors: Baquero Villa Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2018

Propósito: este artículo se elaboró para crear conciencia en el campo forense sobre la importancia de conceptualizar claramente las muertes por establecer, aportando diferentes artículos vigentes disponibles, tomando lo más relevante y llevándolo a un contexto real. Periodo que se abarcó, origen y tipos de publicaciones: se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos y en literatura descrita en libros forenses con información relevante sobre las muertes por establecer, tomando en cuenta un periodo entre 1908 y la actualidad con temas referentes a la muerte súbita en el ámbito forense y en el ámbito clínico médico. Punto de vista: en medio de la investigación forense nos vemos enfrentados a las muertes por establecer, que muchas veces son el talón de Aquiles de los investigadores forenses; la concepción y el concepto de la muerte por establecer deben estar claros desde el inicio del abordaje de caso; e incluso desde la escena de los hechos se debe tener claridad acerca de cómo se debe abordar y así determinar las causas y la manera de muerte con base en un todo como contexto final. Conclusiones: la muerte por establecer es un tipo de muerte que debe ser abordado de lo general a lo particular con unas bases sólidas, partiendo de la concepción clara del forense que asume el caso, el abordaje con metodología y progresión en pasos ordenados descritos con detalle en el protocolo de autopsia, hasta la elaboración de una conclusión.
Editorial
Authors: Herrera Rodríguez María Consuelo
Published: January 2018

Editorial de la revista Colombia Forense Vol. 4 No. 1
Fantasmas e memórias de guerra
Authors: Ginzburg Jaime
Published: January 2018

Resenha de Antologia da memória poética da guerra colonial, com organização de Margarida Calafate Ribeiro e Roberto Vecchi.
Riscos Ocupacionais na Suinocultura: Estudo de Caso no Município de Ponte Serrada - SC
Authors: Speck Giselle Mari , Guertler Cristhiane , Eastwood Gruginski Bianca , Quadros Seiffert Walter , Amaral Gontijo Leila , Díaz Merino Eugenio Andrés
Published: January 2018

O trabalho agrícola é a atividade mais antiga de que se tem conhecimento, caracterizado pela diversidade de tarefas. Mesmo com a evolução tecnológica, a agricultura é um dos setores que mais oferece riscos para a saúde e segurança do trabalhador. A elaboração desta pesquisa surgiu da necessidade de identificar os riscos ocupacionais relacionados ao processo de trabalho, que podem contribuir para a ocorrência de problemas de saúde em trabalhadores agrícolas, vinculados com as atividades de suinocultura na região Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina de acordo com a constituição, intensidade e tempo de exposição. Justifica-se a importância deste estudo pelo aumento dos quadros de saúde em várias partes do mundo e no Brasil, e pela complexidade que envolve o trabalho agrícola nesta atividade. Foram identificados riscos físicos, químicos, biológicos, ergonômicos e de acidentes. A pesquisa consistiu de um estudo de caso, com características qualitativas e exploratórias, tendo por finalidade descrever a situação encontrada no setor de terminação de suínos, em uma propriedade de agricultura familiar, confrontando-a com as legislações vigentes. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de mudanças no ambiente de trabalho para minimizar os riscos em procedimentos de assistência e no ambiente laboral, além de treinamento, conscientização de práticas seguras aos trabalhadores rurais.Palavras-chave: Ergonomia. Saúde e Segurança. Agricultura Familiar.AbstractAgricultural work is the oldest activity that is known, characterized by the multiplicity of their tasks. Even with technological developments agriculture is one of the sectors that present risks to workers . The preparation of this research arose from the need to identify occupational hazards related to the work process that can contribute to the occurrence of health problems in farm workers associated with the pig farming activities in the West part of the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina according to the constitution, intensity and exposure time. The importance of this study is justified by the increase in health boards in various parts of the world and in Brazil, and the complexity involved in agricultural work in this activity. The study aimed to identify the occupational risks (physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and accidents). The research consisted of a case study with qualitative and exploratory characteristics, with the purpose to describe the situation found in pigs termination sector, comparing it with current legislation. The results point to the need for changes in the workplace to minimize the risks in care procedures and in the work environment as well as training, awareness of security rules and provision of security arrangements for workers.Keywords: Ergonomics. Health and Safety. Family Agriculture
Filogenia Preliminar do Gênero Rhabdocaulon Epling
Authors: Colussi Giovanni , Venassi Maria Eduarda , Agostini Gustavo , Rossato Marcelo
Published: January 2018

O gênero Rhabdocaulon é um grupo de plantas aromáticas da família Lamiaceae, conhecida por ter espécies com enorme importância econômica pelo emprego de seus óleos essenciais e atividade biológica que esses possuem. Plantas dessa família vêm sendo utilizadas há muito tempo devido às características olfativas e até mesmo capacidade de exercer inibição microbiana em determinados testes com micro-organismos. Esse gênero compreende inúmeros indivíduos no decorrer do Sul da América. O estudo populacional de espécies vegetais vem sendo cada vez mais abordado, a fim de compreender melhor as interações evolutivas que determinadas espécies desenvolveram com o passar do tempo e especiações. As extrações de DNA foram executadas com método tradicional para extração de material genônico vegetal com auxílio de CTAB. Após a extração, as regiões ITS de rDNA e plastidial trnL-F foram amplificadas e sequenciadas. O trabalho visou avaliação preliminar da separação genética de algumas espécies dentro desse gênero, já que o grupo apresenta distribuição ampla na América do Sul. Com a avaliação das sequências, pode-se observar polimorfismo específico do grupo.Palavras-chave: Filogenia Preliminar. Lamiaceae. Rhabdocaulon.AbstractThe genus Rhabdocaulon is a group of aromatic plants of the family Lamiaceae, known for having species of enormous economic importance due to use of their essential oils and biological activity that they have. Plants of this family have been used for a long time because of their olfactory characteristics and even ability to exert microbial inhibition in certain tests with microorganisms. This genus comprises countless individuals throughout the South America. The population study of plant species has been increasingly approached in order to better understand the evolutionary interactions that certain species have developed as time goes by and speciations. The DNA extractions were performed using a traditional method for extracting plant genomic material with the aid of CTAB. After extraction, the ITS rDNA and plastid trnL-F regions were amplified and sequenced. The focus of the work was the preliminary evaluation of the genetic separation of some species within this genus, since the group has a wide distribution in South America. With the evaluation of the sequences, specific polymorphism of the group can be observed.Keywords: Preliminary Philogeny. Lamiacea. Rhabdocaulon.
A Percepção das Mulheres Vítimas de Escalpelamento no Amapá
Authors: Teixeira Márcio Bastos , De Souza Andréa Da Silva , Souza Luciene Brito da , Farias Claudia Valéria Coelho , Silva Corina Luana Vieira da , Silva Marlucilena Pinheiro da
Published: January 2018

O Escalpelamento é um trauma que consiste na perda total ou parcial do couro cabeludo, por questões culturais, sociais e ambientais, sendo muito comum a ocorrência desse tipo de acidente na região norte do Brasil, principalmente, relacionado com mulheres e o transporte fluvial por meio de barcos. Objetivou-se neste estudo descrever a percepção das mulheres vítimas de Escalpelamento no Estado do Amapá. Metodologia: tratou-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativo na perspectiva da fenomenologia. Foram entrevistadas 117 mulheres, das quais 10 foram selecionadas para participar desta pesquisa. Resultados: A partir dos dados constatou-se que a idade dos sujeitos da pesquisa variou de 30 a 60 anos, predominando a faixa etária entre 14 a 40 anos. A maioria das entrevistadas moram em Macapá, capital do Estado, ou em regiões ribeirinhas. A partir desses dados emergiram algumas categorias de análise, de modo a aprofundar a análise de acordo com a percepção acerca dos sentimentos gerados, da culpa pelo acidente, do olhar no espelho e a da vida após o acidente. Conclusão: espera-se que essa pesquisa contribua para uma maior discussão dos direitos das vítimas de Escalpelamento e que, através disso, possa-se evidenciar a percepção das mulheres vítimas de Escalpelamento e se espera contribuir para diálogo sobre a temática que envolva políticas de prevenção, para que acidentes como esses possam ser evitados com medidas simples de segurança.Palavras-chave: Mulheres. Couro Cabeludo. Ferimentos e Lesões.AbstractScalping is a trauma which consists of the total or partial loss of scalp that for cultural, social and environmental issues is a very common occurrence of this type of accident in the northern region of Brazil, especially related to women and river transport by boats. The aim of this study was to describe the perception of women victims of scalping in the state of Amapá. Methodology: it was study with qualitative approach about the the phenomenology. 117 women, of whom 10 were selected to participate in this survey were interviewed. Results: From the data it was found that the age of the study subjects varied from 30 to 60 years, predominantly aged between 14-40 years. Most respondents live in Macapá, the capital, or in coastal regions. From these data some categories emerged of analysis in order to deepen the analysis according to the perception of the feelings generated, the blame for the accident, lookin at the mirror and the life after the accident. Conclusion: it is hoped that this research will contribute to further discussion of the rights of victims of Scalping and, through this, we can show the perception of women victims of Scalping is expected to contribute to dialogue on the issue involving prevention policies, that accidents like these can be avoided with simple security measures.Keywords: Women. Scalp. Wounds And Injuries.
Health seeking behaviour in management of erectile dysfunction among men in an urban African population
Authors: Abiola Olajide O. , Adigun Oluwaseyi J. , Ajamu Olushola J. , Williams Oyeronke T.
Published: January 2018

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is consistent inability to achieve/maintain penile erection sufficiently enough for satisfactory sexual intercourse. It is a major sexual disorder causing significant distress in men with associated poor quality of life. Despite it being a common sexual disorder, many of the affected people do not seek medical care. The study sought to investigate health seeking behaviour in management of ED among urban dwelling African men.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey method was adopted. The study population comprised of men drawn from an urban setting in Nigeria using a multi-stage sampling technique. Three hypotheses were formulated which were cultural beliefs, financial status and medical access/perception on quality of care will not significantly influence health seeking behaviour for management of ED. Researchers’ designed questionnaire validated by three experts drawn from the relevant fields with reliability co-efficient of 0.77 obtained through split half method by Pearson product moment correlation was used for data collection. The three postulated hypotheses were tested using Person product moment correlation.Results: All the three hypotheses were rejected at 0.05 alpha level of significance because their calculated r-values were greater than their critical values.Conclusions: It was concluded that cultural beliefs, financial status and access to medical facilities/perception of quality of care from such medical facilities influence the health seeking behaviour of men in the management of ED.
Placenta in pregnancy induced hypertension
Authors: Bandekar Pooja Kashinath , Kale Prashant Bhimrao
Published: January 2018

Background: Placenta is a predictor of outcome of pregnancy. Placental examination holds an important role in improving outcome of pregnancy. It is strategically located at feto-maternal interface and it acts like a record of pregnancy in which the cumulative effects of pregnancy related events and changes reflecting the intrauterine environment can be scrutinized. Objective of present study was to diagnose presence, if at all, of lesions of placenta and their nature in cases of pregnancy induced hypertension specifically in 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy and to classify the lesions based on clinical presentation and to compare the results.Methods: This study is based on histopathological examination of placenta in cases of PIH over a period of three years, from May 2011 to April 2014. The study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital.Results: There were 280 (19.4%) cases of PIH amongst a total of 1440 cases. In these 280, 170 (60.72%) cases had severe PIH, 110 (39.28%) cases had mild PIH. Also, 180 (16.28%) cases revealed increased morbidity and mortality.Conclusions: Evaluation of placenta is an extremely important predictor, that helps to improve the outcome of pregnancy.
Platelet count estimation: a prognostic index in pregnancy induced hypertension
Authors: Gupta Aakriti , Hak Jyoti , Sunil Isha , Gupta Amita
Published: January 2018

Background: Hypertension in pregnancy is one of the serious complications of pregnancy with an incidence of 5% to 7% of all pregnancies, particularly in cases with preeclampsia and eclampsia. Though platelet count during pregnancy is within the normal non pregnant reference values, there is a tendency for the platelet count to fall in late pregnancy. The frequency and intensity of maternal thrombocytopenia varies and is dependent on the intensity of the disease process and duration of PIH syndrome.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 200 pregnant women attending OPD Or Inpatients in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu from November 2015 to October 2016. Pregnant women beyond 28 weeks gestation of pregnancy are included and divided into two groups i.e. the study and control group. Platelet counts will be done every 4 weeks in controls and weekly in subjects from 28 weeks till delivery.Results: The mean platelet count observed among cases of mild preecclampsia, severe preeclampsia and ecclampsia was 2.26, 1.63 and 0.99 lakh/mm3 respectively. The difference in mean platelet count among cases and controls was statistically significant. The association of platelet count with severity of different categories of PIH was analysed statistically and was highly significant.Conclusions: Platelet count is a very important investigation for the antenatal mother having PIH, as it is directly related to maternal and perinatal outcome. Routine and regular monitoring of platelet count can be included in the routine antenatal checkup among the pregnant women with PIH.
Comparison of obstetric outcomes of pregnancies after donor oocyte IVF: Three-arm age-matched retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yadav Vikas , Bakolia Priyanka , Malhotra Neena , Mahey Reeta , Singh Neeta , Kriplani Alka
Published: January 2018

Background: Oocyte donation has become widely used as a treatment option for infertile couples. The few available studies report conflicting evidence about the risk of hypertensive disorders in donor oocyte pregnancies after adjusting for maternal age and it is unclear whether pregnancy complications and obstetric risks are due to oocyte donation or to confounding factors such as maternal age. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare obstetric complications between women who conceived after oocyte donation and age-matched control women with spontaneous conception and self oocyte IVF conception.Methods : The present study comprised of women aged 20-45 years conceived from oocyte donation (n=104) between 1/12/2010 to 15/10/2017. Two age-matched control groups—Self oocyte IVF (n=150) and the other containing women who conceived spontaneously (n=312) were used for comparison of obstetric and perinatal outcomes.Results: Mean maternal age was statistically significantly higher in the Donor oocyte IVF group as compared to  self oocyte ivf and spontaneous conception group. Miscarriage, first trimester bleeding, pregnancy induced hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus was significantly higher in Donor oocyte IVF group as compared to self-oocyte and spontaneous conception group (p=0.001). Using multiple logistic regression analysis age class adjusted PIH and GDM  incidence was significantly higher in donor oocyte group as compared to spontaneous conception (P=0.010).There was significant variation in perinatal outcomes between the three groups.Conclusion: Oocyte donation should be treated as an independent risk factor for miscarriage, first trimester bleeding, hypertensive disorder and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy.
A study of cytology and colposcopy in VIA (visual inspection of cervix with 5% acetic acid) positive women
Authors: Arora Ruchi S. , Patel Shilpa M. , Poddar Pabashi
Published: January 2018

Background: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among Indian women. Cervical cancer is preventable in pre-invasive state when effective programmes are implemented to detect and treat its precursor lesions. "Single Visit" screen and treat strategy that uses VIA and colposcopy alone that eliminates the need for repeated visits due to delays in diagnostic results, will be highly attractive in terms of cost effectiveness and compliance to treatment, which is crucial to bring down the incidence and mortality due to cervical cancer. The present study evaluates the performance of colposcopy vs conventional cytology in estimating the presence and grade of cervical disease against the reference standard of histopathology as a secondary test modality to triage women found positive on primary screening by visual inspection with 5% acetic acid (VIA).Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out on 50 women aged between 18-50 years who tested positive on VIA between August 2013 to November 2015. Data were entered in the institution using standard computer software [EPIINFO software]. Diagnostic accuracy for single test was calculated using 2*2 tables and standard formulae.Results: The diagnostic accuracy of Pap smear was found to be 77% and that of Colposcopy was 87%. The accuracy of colposcopy was higher than that of Pap smear.Conclusions: Invasive cervical cancer is preceded by pre-invasive disease in most women. There is a lag time of 10-20 years before the disease progresses from pre-invasive to invasive disease. Prevention of invasive cancer is by screening, diagnosis and treatment of pre-invasive diseases. Thus, early diagnosis of CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) in adult women is a desirable goal.
Comparison of clinical outcomes in clomiphene citrate resistant infertile polycystic ovarian syndrome women after treatment with laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) versus gonadotropins
Authors: Rupa Kumari , Jain Kanika , Dutta Debasis , Gupta Shweta Mittal , Chopra Kanika
Published: January 2018

Background: Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve pregnancy in one year. Objective of present study was to compare the clinical outcome of laparoscopic ovarian drilling with gonadotropin ovulation induction in patients with clomiphene resistant Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.Methods: Present study was a comparative interventional study conducted at the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi for a period of one and a half year. We enrolled 40 clomiphene citrate resistant infertile PCOS women who were undergoing treatment for infertility, after taking written informed consent. The women were randomly divided into two equal groups: one for LOD (laparoscopic ovarian drilling) (group A) and other for gonadotropins (group B).Results: Out of 20, 16 women (80%) in group A ovulated with clomiphene citrate and 18 women (90%) ovulated in group B. Pregnancy was the second major outcome and 4 women (20%) in group A with clomiphene citrate got pregnant and 9 women (45%) got pregnant in group B.Conclusions: Out of 20, 16 women (80%) in group A ovulated with clomiphene citrate and 18 women (90%) ovulated in group B. Pregnancy was the second major outcome and 4 women (20%) in group A with clomiphene citrate got pregnant and 9 women (45%) got pregnant in group B. The treatment option can be selected and tailored according to the individual needs and desires of the patient.