bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Debris flows in Kresna Gorge (Bulgaria)-geomorphological characteristics and weather conditions
Authors: Krenchev Dimitar , Kenderova Rositsa , Matev Simeon , Nikolova Nina , Rachev Georgi , Gera Martin
Published: April 2021

Over the last decades, numerous extreme climate events such as extreme
temperatures, droughts, heavy precipitation, and storms associated with
climate change have been recorded in many countries, including Bulgaria. As
a result, geomorphological hazards such as landslides, debris flows,
mudflows, high-speed soil erosion, etc. often occur on the territory of the
country. The debris flow is one of the most common hazardous processes in
small catchments of the main river basins in Bulgaria. The Kresna Gorge
located in the middle part of Struma River valley is a typical area with
such processes which often cause the damages to the E79 international
highway. The purpose of the present study is to characterize debris flows in
Kresna Gorge (southwestern part of Bulgaria) by comparative analysis between
the two events (occurred on May 24, 2009 and July 28, 2019). In order to
achieve the aim of the study the geomorphological features and flow type of
2019 event were identified and the results were compared with the previous
publications which investigated the event on May 24, 2009. In the present
paper, the sediments and the type of transportation of the investigated
event (July 2019) were determined by grain-size and clast-shape analysis.
The impact of weather conditions on debris flow occurrence was shown by the
analysis of the synoptic conditions on the day before the event. The results
of the study bring to clarifying the geological-geomorphological and
meteorological factors for the occurrence of debris flow and are important
for geomorphological hazard management.
Re-balancing of intensive and extensive factors in the center-peripheral system under the influence of technological development
Authors: Preobrazhenskiy Yuri , Firsova Anna
Published: April 2021

Regional development prospects depend on a set of factors, among which the
most essential are the population density, distance between actors, and the
level of development. Those aspects are revealed, on one hand, while
analyzing the type of regional development (intensive or extensive), and on
the other hand, from the standpoint of the center-peripheral model. An
assessment of the sectoral structure of employed people in the economy of
the region and the population density are also used to identify the
development type. The combination of these approaches makes it possible to
identify the regional capacity for innovations diffusion and knowledge
spillover. The aim of the research is to assess regional differences in the
economy sectoral structure for identifying the innovative and extensive
types of Russian regions. There are other methods used in the research as
well: cartographic analysis, structural-sectoral analysis, and typology. The
types of regions characterized by disproportions of intensive and extensive
development have been identified. Measures are proposed to realize the
regional economic potential. The issues of the territorial transformation of
the settlement system and economic space are discussed. Further research is
associated with an extended analysis of intensive development factors and
cross-county comparison of the factors of innovations diffusion intensity
and knowledge spillover.
The Frozen Supply Chain Business Case: A Management Accounting Instructional Resource
Authors: Peters Matt D.
Published: April 2021

This case guides students through the process of preparing a real-life business case. The business case involves capital expenditure analysis for a potential project in the Wally-Mart Supermarkets frozen supply chain. There are three parts to the business case: (1) prepare a financial model in Excel with a discounted cash flow method to analyze relevant incremental capital expenditures, revenues, costs, and profits; (2) concisely communicate the financial model and business case in a business style Word report; and (3) concisely communicate the financial model and business case in a business style PowerPoint presentation. The case materials include a practice financial modeling exercise. The case is suitable for use in undergraduate and graduate management accounting courses.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SARI BUAH PEPAYA MUDA TERHADAP KEEMPUKAN, pH, DAN DAYA IKAT AIR DAGING ITIK PETELUR AFKIR
Authors: Triyono Triyono , Riyanti Rr. , Wanniatie Veronica
Published: April 2021

This research was aimed to determine the effect of unripe papaya extract on tenderness, pH value, and water holding capacity (WHC) of laying duck meat. This research was conducted in January 2020 in Laboratory of Animal Production of Animal Husbandary Department and in Laboratory of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Lampung University. The materials of this research were 20 pieces of laying duck thigh meat. The research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 reaplications, i.e. duck thigh meat marination with 0% of unripe papaya extract (P0), with 10% of unripe papaya extract (P1), with 20% of unripe papaya extract (P2), and with 30% of unripe papaya extract (P3). The observed variables were tenderness, pH value, and WHC of laying duck meat. The obtained data was analyzed by using variance analysis at 5% level of significance, and if the results had significant effect, then were tested further using Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The result of variance analysis indicated that marination of laying duck meat with different percentage of unripe papaya extract affected on tenderness (P<0,05), but it did not affect on pH value and WHC of laying duck meat.

Keywords: Laying duck meat, pH value, Tenderness, Unripe papaya extract, Water Holding Capacity (WHC)
Molecular serotyping of Salmonella strains isolated from retail chicken meats by in silico derived multiplex PCR, determination of ESBL, and colistin resistance genes mcr-1 to -5
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey, Adiguzel Mehmet C. , Cengiz Seyda , Baran Alper
Published: April 2021

Salmonella spp. are zoonotic pathogenic agents that cause important infections in humans and animals. They are the most common foodborne pathogens after Campylobacter spp. worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the phenotypic and genotypic extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and colistin resistance of 67 Salmonella spp. isolated from retail chicken meats between May and December 2016, and stored in the culture collection of Ataturk University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology. The isolates were serotyped using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR). The serovar distribution of strains was 74.6% S. Infantis, 16.4% S. Enteritidis, 3.0% S. Arizonae, 3.0% S. Dublin, 1.5% S. Gallinarum and 1.5% S. Indica. Of the 67 strains, 20 (29.9%) were ESBL-positive. The main types of β-lactamase identified were blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-8-25, blaSHV and blaTEM. Four isolates were found to be phenotypically colistin-resistant. These isolates did not carry mobilised colistin resistance (mcr) genes 1 to 5. In this study, both genotypically ESBL-producing and phenotypically colistin-resistant Salmonella strains were found. We revealed that ESBL-producing Salmonella strains have dramatically increased over the years, especially when compared with previously reported chicken meat Salmonella strains in Turkey. The increase in Salmonella strains, particularly ESBL producers and the colistin resistant, is of great concern for selected antimicrobial therapy in human infections. Hence, epidemiological information and monitoring systems are extremely important in controlling Salmonella infections in public health services.
Relationship Between Mental Toughness, Stress, Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Kalinin Răzvan , Balázsi Róbert , Péntek Imre , Hanțiu Iacob
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT. Introduction. Mental toughness (MT) is defined by some authors as being fundamental to success in life. In terms of sport at the highest level, is based on the athlete's ability to perform at optimal levels under conditions considered very demanding. MT is considered one of the most important psychological construct underlying sport performance, and is seen as an umbrella concept that encompasses a large number of psychological factors / features connected to each other. Objective. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between mental toughness, stress, anxiety and depression among a sample of athletes. Methods. The sample in this study consisted of 47 participants. There were 57.4% males and 42.6% females. Their age ranged from 19 to 30 years with M= 21.89 (SD = 2.72). 68.1% of them being performance athletes (from different sports) and 31.9% are students of the faculty of physical education. Results. Distribution indicators were evaluated against standard skewness and kurtosis criteria. There was no significant deviation from the standards. Correlation between Mental Toughness Inventory and Dass21 overall score was r= -.53; and between MT and stress, anxiety and depresion ranged between r= -.49 and r= -52. Correlation between Dass21 dimension ranged between r=.85 and r=.98. Conclusions. The results of the current study highlighted the relationship between mental toughness stress, anxiety and depresion. Higher levels of MT have a significant impact in reducing stress, anxiety and depression which can help athletes perform better.
Developing Speed Endurance through the use of Small-Sided Football Games to 16-18-Year-Old Juniors
Authors: Sîrbu Marius , Hanțiu Iacob
Published: April 2021

"ABSTRACT. Introduction. Training with small-sided games has proven to be
effective in the training of football players. Objectives. The aim of this study was
to analyze the effect of the participation of 16-18-year-olds in a small-sided
football games program on speed-resistance (SE). Methods. The subjects of this
study were 34 16-18-year-old sportsmen divided into two equal groups:
Experiment group (EG) and control group (CG). Both groups participated in 18
workouts for 6 weeks – EG in a small-sided game content training program; CG
in a training program structured on classic methods. The following equipment
has been used: Hossand GT.a – to measure HRmax – and the WittyGate
Microgate2. Subjects performed the YYIRTL1 and the 7x34.2 field test. The data
collected was processed with the SPSS program, variant 23. Results. In the field
test 7x34.2 there were no significant differences in the initial testing (IT) of the
two groups, but in the final testing (FT) the differences were significant. The
difference between the best time (BT) scores averages in the two groups was
significant at FT (Mann-Whitney U = 39.5, N1 = 17, N2 = 17, two-tailed p = 0.000)
and for the fatigue index averages (FI, U = 66.5, N1 = 17, N2 = 17, two-tailed
p=0.007). Conclusions. The study revealed that through the application of a
6-week time program, in which small-sided football games were used, speed
endurance developed."
Preliminary Data on the Prophylaxis of Severe Forms of Covid-19 Through Exercise
Authors: Hagiu Bogdan-Alexandru , Turculeț Iulian Dumitru , Dumitru Iulian Marius
Published: April 2021

"ABSTRACT. Independent studies suggest the possibility of prophylaxis of severe
forms of COVID-19 through moderate-intensity exercise. There is the fear that
intense exercise could increase the risk of the virus entering the cell, a determining
factor being hypoxia. As a result, in this paper we aimed to assess the heart rate and
oxygen saturation of the blood in the case of Kangoo Jumps and aerobic training at
home. Kangoo Jumps workouts practiced in such a way as to avoid in principle the
high intensity of the effort, do not produce transient hypoxia, not even in subjects
whose heart rate indicated an intense effort. Preliminary data show that aerobics
at home does not produce hypoxia in mature adults and the elderly, and heart rates
do not exceed the limit of moderate intensity; however, additional studies are
required for both categories of exercises under study."
Princípio da integralidade e as redes de atenção à saúde em micro território catarinense
Authors: Milani Maria Luiza , Brey Daniele Ennes , Antunes Esvaldo
Published: April 2021

A reflexão deste estudo trata da política pública de saúde brasileira pelas intervenções de forma regionalizada e promoção da saúde, tendo como princípio a integralidade, por meio de composição de redes de atenção à saúde, em microterritório catarinense. Justifica-se os conhecimentos apresentados diante do intenso processo de consolidação do SUS, ao se destacar o estágio que o processo da regionalização e das redes avançou diante das diretrizes e intervenções na regional de saúde de Mafra. O objetivo abordou aspectos referentes à questão da regionalização e nela as redes, com análise acerca do que se pôde perceber sobre os contratempos e avanços na regional de saúde de Mafra, no qual se vivenciou um processo de organização e implementação de redes em saúde intra e inter território, uma vez que a política de gestão do governo catarinense se anunciava regionalizado e preocupado com o fortalecimento das estruturas locais e regional, nas várias frentes preconizadas pelas políticas públicas não apenas na saúde. O Estado deveria ser o coordenador desse processo, porém, no microterritório da regional de saúde de Mafra os desencontros, as mudanças de gestão e de gestores atrasaram esse processo. Conclui-se que falta de empenho na disseminação do conhecimento como compromisso moral do governo brasileiro pela saúde pública, assegurado constitucionalmente, se perde pela incompreensão desta sua atribuição e o acúmulo de experiências que subsidiaram a caminhada na implantação da saúde pública, na implementação das redes de atenção, que se perdem com essas mudanças.
Palavras-chave: Redes de atenção à saúde. Integralidade. Promoção da saúde. SUS.
Do lixão à moradia
Authors: Rodrigues Letícia Stevanato , Zanirato Silvia Helena
Published: April 2021

A configuração de situações de risco associadas à exposição humana a áreas contaminadas nas cidades é um problema inerente às dinâmicas de produção do espaço urbano que reproduzem vulnerabilidades socioambientais e afetam em maior grau os grupos socialmente marginalizados. O presente artigo discute o caso do Conjunto habitacional Heliópolis, construído sobre um lixão pela municipalidade de São Paulo no final da década de 1980 e destinado à população de baixa renda. O objetivo é de identificar e analisar as representações sociais dos moradores sobre o risco associado à contaminação do solo local, de forma a investigar como os residentes compreendem e se posicionam frente à situação vivenciada. A metodologia compreende um estudo de caso que se valeu da aplicação de entrevistas a 30 moradores do local e da análise de documentos sobre as medidas adotadas para o gerenciamento de risco. As representações sociais dos moradores expressam as múltiplas dinâmicas de desigualdade socioambiental que estruturam as relações sociais locais e o modo de enfrentamento adotado pelas instituições responsáveis para gerenciar a situação. Esses resultados expressam que o enfrentamento de risco em áreas contaminadas precisa ser revisto, sobretudo em países marcados por assimetrias sociais, como é o caso do Brasil, para que seja apreendido pela população e enfrentado de forma mais efetiva.
Palavras-chave: Poluentes do Solo. Percepção Social. Fatores Socioeconômicos.
In vitro effects of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dobutamine on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 in blood from healthy dogs
Authors: Merrill Kristen M. , Hull Matthew B. , Stoker Aaron , DeClue Amy E.
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine the in vitro effects of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dobutamine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in blood from healthy dogs.

SAMPLES

Blood samples from 9 healthy dogs.

PROCEDURES

Blood samples were incubated with LPS from Escherichia coli O127:B8 or PBSS (control) for 1 hour. Afterward, the samples were incubated with 10μM epinephrine, norepinephrine, or dobutamine or with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control) for 23 hours. Leukocyte viability was assessed by use of trypan-blue exclusion in blood from 2 dogs to ensure cell viability was not altered by the catecholamines. Tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-10 concentrations were measured in the supernatant in duplicate with a canine-specific multiplex bead-based assay. Blood samples from 2 dogs were used to create dose-response curves to evaluate whether the observed cytokine modulation was dependent on catecholamine concentration.

RESULTS

Incubation of blood with epinephrine and norepinephrine significantly increased LPS-stimulated production of IL-10, compared with the control. Epinephrine and norepinephrine significantly decreased LPS-stimulated production of TNF-α, compared with the control. Epinephrine and norepinephrine did not significantly alter LPS-stimulated production of IL-6. Dobutamine did not alter catecholamine production.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Epinephrine and norepinephrine, but not dobutamine, had immunomodulatory effects on LPS-stimulated TNF-α and IL-10 production in blood from healthy dogs in this in vitro model of sepsis. Data suggested that dobutamine may have immune system-sparing effects in dogs with sepsis.
Optimal allocation of microgrid using a differential multi-agent multi-objective evolution algorithm
Authors: Liu Liheng , Niu Miaomiao , Zhang Dongliang , Liu Li , Frank Dietmar
Published: April 2021

The optimal configuration and allocation of a microgrid are one of the key issues to guarantee the economic and reliable working of a microgrid. This is a multi-objective optimisation problem within which the economic index and the load power shortage rate index should be considered when optimising the configuration. In this article, a differential multi-agent multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (DMAMOEA) was designed to optimise the capacity configuration of a microgrid system, which includes three kinds of equipment: wind turbine, photovoltaic equipment and battery. The final optimisation results were compared with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) algorithm. Simulation results showed the effectiveness of the algorithm. At the end of this article, the representative solutions in the calculation results are compared and explained and the environmental benefits are analysed, which show the effectiveness of the implementation of the microgrid system.
The Impact of Legislative Changes on the Number of Calls to the Romanian Covid 19 Telverde Helpline
Authors: Buzatu Mihai , Dinculescu Georgeta , Furtunescu Florentina Ligia , Mincă Dana Galieta
Published: April 2021

On 24th of February 2020, the Ministry of Health in Romania announced the operationalization of the Green Line, known as Telverde, within the National Institute of Public Health, in order to provide citizens with information related to the prevention of Sars-Cov-2 infection. The number of registered calls increased considerably at the time of the declaration of the pandemic, the beginning and the cessation of the state of emergency and during the issuance of military ordinances. Different key periods were studied and compared so that we could determine if the major administrative and legislative events have influenced the number of registered calls. Our findings sustained the supposition that the major events that took place during this period have indeed influenced the number of telephone calls made to TelVerde helpline.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors - Association with Lower Extremity Versus Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Bitea Cornel Ioan , Maniţiu Ioan , Bălţat Georgiana , Stoia Oana
Published: April 2021

Atherosclerosis is the main cause of lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) and coronary artery disease (CAD). These two arterial territories share the major cardiovascular risk factors: smoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes. Current guidelines draw attention to other possible risk factors: homocysteine level, inflammation markers (e.g. high-sensitive C reactive-protein (CRP), interleukin 6) and chronic kidney disease (CKD.) The objective of this study was to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors strength association with LEAD and CAD on a study population of 203 patients. Our study concluded that smoking seems to be the most powerful risk factor for LEAD, especially for significant lesion in femoral arteries, while diabetes mellitus, hypertension and CKD were significantly associated with CAD. The highest chance of association with multivessel-CAD is for diabetes mellitus compared to hypertension and CKD respectively. Moreover, in diabetic patients the percent of multivessel-CAD was significantly higher than the percent of single-CAD and non-significant CAD.
Distal Trans-Radial Approach for Coronary Angiography and Percutaneous Coronary Interventions - Single-Centre Experience
Authors: Mokbel Maged , Florescu Nicolae , Sinescu Crina Julieta
Published: April 2021

Right distal transracial approach in the anatomical snuff box could reduce the probability of radial artery occlusion. Also, that approach allows a more comfortable hand position, especially in obese patients. We prospectively evaluated right distal transracial approach (DTRA) in patients treated trans-radially. Materials and methods: Prospective, observational, single centre study. Various relevant objectives were assessed, for example radial artery occlusion in the evaluated patients at discharge by ultrasonography, procedural success, time of scopy and time required for haemostasis. 57 eligible patients were included in the study. The mean age was 63 years, 63% men, and PCI was performed in 37% of patients. In all patients we used 6Fr radial sheaths, standard catheters and TR-band with verification after one hour, then within 30-minute intervals. Results: Procedural success was 89.5%, no patients had radial artery occlusion, two patients had a local hematoma remitted later, the medium time required for hemostasis was 83.5 minutes, no patients suffered ischaemia or any effect in right hand’s functions. Conclusion: Distal radial puncture seems feasible, safe and can be considered routinely.
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in HIV-Infected Patients
Authors: Lucia Zekra , Magdalena Dumitru Irina , Mircea Bajdechi , Sorin Rugina
Published: April 2021

From the onset of the first case until now, HIV infection is one of the most studied pathologies in the medical field, due to the incompletely known action of the virus per se, as well as the comorbidities associated with it. Currently, a field of interest in research is occupied by cardiovascular comorbidities, being more and more frequent at PLWH. From the pathophysiological mechanisms of action, the traditional and modern CV risk factors, the scores with relative predictability to the adverse effects of ARV therapy, CVD at PLWH represent an incomplete studied field, which requires further investigation.
Influence of Blood Products Administration in HIV Adult Patients on Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Irina Stan Vlase , Emma Gheorghe , Mihaela Botnarciuc , Claudia Cambrea Simona , Irina Dumitru , Doru Stan Marius , Sergiu Chirila , Iulian Bratu , Sorin Rugina
Published: April 2021

One of the most common manifestations in HIV infected patients are hematological. Few studies on these manifestations have been conducted in Romania and worldwide. Anemia and infections occur frequently among people living with HIV and reflect the immune suppression of the host. Besides, the etiology of anemia in HIV infection often remains unclear. Therefore, C Reactive Protein (CRP) and fibrinogen can be used as markers of the degree of immune suppression. It is noteworthy that anti-anemic therapies may accelerate the progression of HIV disease. Primary infection or reactivation of known or unknown pathogens is still a major concern associated with blood transfusions and possibly lead to a reduced prognosis. Existing data suggest that severe anemia is one of the main factors. Chronic inflammation and increased hemostasis in HIV-infected persons are thought to be a consequence of viral replication or persistence and it is associated with poor prognostic in HIV-infected patients. Whether low levels of viremia predispose to increased inflammation is unclear. We investigated the relationship between anemia, inflammatory markers, and blood transfusions. The present study is an effort to evaluate correlation as well as the association between inflammatory markers and blood products administration in HIV/AIDS patients.
Complex Degenerative Spine Operated - Case Report
Authors: Daniel Balasa , Mihai Schiopu , Simona Iasocec
Published: April 2021

Aging spine may include complex degenerative lesions: spine stenosis, spondylolisthesis, kyphosis, scoliosis, lumbar disc hernias and osteoporosis. We present a case of a patient with multiple level degenerative severe lumbar spine stenosis, degenerative spondylolisthesis, lumbar disc hernia, who was treated succesfully with multilevel spine decompresion,discectomy and multilevel stabilization with transpedicular titan screws.
Application of Plasticized Cellulose Triacetate Membranes for Recovery and Separation of Cerium(III) and Lanthanum(III)
Authors: Pospiech Beata , Makowka Adam
Published: April 2021

This work explains the application of plasticized cellulose triacetate (CTA) membranes with Cyanex 272 di(2,4,4-(trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid) and Cyanex 301 (di(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid) as the ion carriers of lanthanum(III) and cerium(III). CTA is used as a support for the preparation of polymer inclusion membrane (PIM). This membrane separates the aqueous source phase containing metal ions and the receiving phase. 1M H2SO4 is applied as the receiving phase in this process. The separation properties of the plasticized membranes with Cyanex 272 and Cyanex 301 are compared. The results show that the transport of cerium(III) through PIM with Cyanex 272 is more efficient and selective than lanthanum(III).
New Epoxy with Self-Repairing Properties of Environmental-Friendly Building Structure Adhesives
Authors: Liu Mengmeng , Zhang Lu , Lee Chienhung
Published: April 2021

With the rapid increase in newly constructed buildings, the number of old buildings that need reinforcement and repair also increases due to aging, accidental damage, or modernization refurbishment. Likewise, the demand of the building adhesive keeps growing with the expansion of its application scope. However, because of the recognition of many demerits of the existing epoxy building adhesives (e.g., low bonding strength, high frangibility, and low elasticity modulus), the need for a new environment-friendly building structure adhesive has been growing steadily. In this paper, the potential of nano-scaled rubber (VP-501: diameter of ~70 nm) was investigated with respect to its capacity to enhance the capacity of the epoxy resin with respect to the static tensile, fracture toughness, and dynamic mechanical properties. Further, its effects on the thermal stability and glass-transition temperature change were also examined with the content of toughening agent. Our discussion was extended further to describe the mechanism under which the toughness and heat resistance of the modified epoxy resin are improved.
Class and everyday media use
Authors: Hovden Jan Fredrik , Rosenlund Lennart
Published: April 2021

In this article, we consider how contemporary media use is structured by social class, following the theoretical and methodical framework derived from Bourdieu's book Distinction, published in 1984, with a detailed study of everyday use of media platforms, brands, and content among Norwegian citizens (N = 2,064). First, we analyse how such media use varies in the overall social space using multiple correspondence analysis. Second, we independently explore the main differences and groupings of media practices, combining multifactor analysis and cluster analysis. While identifying important gender and generational differences, this study clearly shows how media use inside both younger and older generations are marked by class differences, which we argue demonstrates the fundamental and continuing importance of class for understanding mediated lifestyles.
Class conditioning and class positioning in young people's everyday life with digital media
Authors: Danielsson Martin
Published: April 2021

In this article, I explore how social class shapes the conditions and configurations of digital media practice in the everyday life of young people in Sweden. Drawing on Bourdieusian theory and qualitative interview data from two research projects, I complicate the notion of Sweden as a universally wired media welfare state by showing how economic and cultural forces are structuring Internet access and digital media practice along the lines of preexisting social divisions. Invoking Bourdieu's conceptualisation of social classes as defined both intrinsically and relationally, I identify and exemplify two different but interrelated processes whereby class makes a difference in young people's everyday relationship to digital media: class conditioning and class positioning. I conclude the article by arguing that distinguishing between these processes might offer a better understanding of the relationship between class and everyday media practice. The complexities of advancing a welfare-oriented media policy in the age of digital media are also discussed.
Insight in the Current Progress in the Largest Clinical Trials for Covid-19 Drug Management (As of January 2021)
Authors: Panovska-Stavridis Irina , Ridova Nevenka , Stojanoska Tatjana , Demiri Ilir , Stevanovic Milena , Stojanovska Simona , Ristevska Tara , Dimkovski Aleksandar , Filipce Venko , Dimovski Aleksandar , Grozdanova Aleksandra
Published: April 2021

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has generated the largest global health crisis of the 21st century, evolving into accelerating socioeconomic disruption. In spite of all rapidly and widely emerging scientific data on epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the COVID-19 disease, severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is continuing to propagate in lack of definitive and specific therapeutic agents. Current therapeutic strategies are mainly focused on viral inhibition by antiviral drugs and hampering the exuberant immune response of the host by immunomodulatory drugs. In this review, we have studied the reports of the largest clinical trials intended to COVID-19 treatment published during the first year of the pandemics. In general, these results concentrate on seven therapeutic options: remdesivir, chloroguine/hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir-ritonavir combination, corticosteroids, tocilizumab, convalescent plasma and monoclonal antibodies. In line with the reviewed data, as of January 2021, most of the evidence support the use of remdesivir in hospitalized patients with moderate and severe forms of the disease and provide reliable data on the substantial beneficial effect of corticosteroids in patients requiring supplemental oxygen. Moreover, preliminary RECOVERY trial results have demonstrated the efficacy of tociluzumab in the treatment of critically ill patients. The reports presenting the outcomes of the other immune-based therapies under investigation are enthusiastically awaited.
Does the M-Chat-R Give Important Information for the Diagnosis of the Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Authors: Pop-Jordanova Nada , Zorcec Tatjana
Published: April 2021

Having in mind the rising rates of the incidence for autism worldwide, the early diagnosis of this neuro-developmental disorder is of the high priority. For that purpose, several checklists have been constructed and used. Nevertheless, there are no universal and uniform criteria for assessing and diagnosing autism, and even if there existed, not every country has the resources to manage such an assessment for diagnosis.

A recently validated, revised version of the M-CHAT, the M-CHAT-Revised with Follow up (M-CHAT-R/F) has demonstrated strong psychometric properties.

The aim of this article is to discuss our results obtained with M-CHAT-R applied in a sample of 131 children aged 31,9 ±9,4 months, recruited for diagnosis and treatment at the University Children’s Hospital in Skopje.

Our results confirmed that for screening the use of M-CHAT-R/F is currently the very exact instrument which allows the early suspicion, but also possible follow up the symptoms of this disorder. Additionally, we showed the significant negative correlation between age and scores obtained on the checklist.
Large Neck Teratoma in a Newborn with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Stomnaroska Orhideja , Kocovski Goran , Zdravkovski Panche , Ilievski Boro , Jovanovic Rubens , Petrusevska Gordana
Published: April 2021

Neonatal tumours in the neck region are a rare finding. Teratomas typically comprise all three germ cell layers with tissues usually foreign to the anatomic site of origin. Head and neck teratomas account a smaller part of congenital teratomas. They can cause major airway obstruction due to the external compression that oropharyngeal or neck masses produce. In addition, there can be an intrinsic lesion in the larynx or trachea. We describe a premature, 30-gestational week-old newborn with large subcutaneous neck mass. Pre-delivery ultrasound showed heterogeneous tumor structure and displaced larynx. The intubation was successful. The newborn developed respiratory distress syndrome immediately after birth which rendered the surgical removal of the neck tumor impossible. An autopsy was done, and the histopathology revealed mature teratoma comprising muscle, brain, salivary and pulmonary tissues, as well as well-developed hyaline membranes in the alveoli. The combination of the respiratory distress syndrome and the neck tumor compression proved fatal. Prenatal diagnosis, therapeutic options and ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedures are discussed for the diagnosis and management of this very rare tumor.
From a Shepherd’s Hut to the Presidential Palace. Contribution to the 15th Anniversary of the proclamation of the Fujara as UNESCO Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
Authors: Garaj Bernard
Published: April 2021

The fujara became the first element of Slovakia’s traditional music culture proclaimed as Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2005 and automatically incorporated in the UNESCO Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2008. I was a member of the team that prepared the application documents and witnessed debates among fujara players on what this event would mean for the fujara and its music. The expectations of the performers, instrument makers, and other fans of the fujara were ambiguous. After 15 years since the proclamation, there is an opportunity to show what has happened with the fujara and to what extent their visions have been fulfilled. In this context, the text reflects on important contemporary events related to the life of the fujara: changes in the making technology, unification of its acoustic and intonation features, new ways of its use, presentation of this instrument in the media, as well as processes of a socio-cultural nature focused on the community of fujara players, the education of young performers, and the perception of the fujara in today’s society.
Impact of Regional Climate Change on the Infrastructure and Operability of Railway Transport
Authors: Kostianaia Evgeniia A. , Kostianoy Andrey G. , Scheglov Mikhail A. , Karelov Aleksey I. , Vasileisky Alexander S.
Published: April 2021

This article considers various aspects of the impact of climate change on the railway infrastructure and operations. A brief international overview and the importance of this issue for Russia are given. Temperature effects, permafrost thawing, strong winds, floods and sea level rise, long-term effects, and adaptation measures are discussed. In conclusion, the authors give several recommendations on further research in this area, and highlight that special attention should be given to the areas in the Russian Federation which already face or might soon experience damage from storm events or flooding and sea level rise, namely Kaliningrad Region on the Baltic Sea, the area between Tuapse and Adler in Krasnodar Region on the Black Sea, and on Sakhalin Island from the side of the Sea of Japan.
Embryonic Diapause
Authors: ÇEVİK Mesut , GENÇ Merve Deniz
Published: April 2021

Embryonic diapause or temporary cessation of embryonic development is a common phenomenon in the plant and animal species. Embryonic diapause is a temporary cessation of the development of embryogenesis in the blastocyst stage and is a reproductive strategy characterized by delayed implantation in the uterus. It is defined in over 130 species of mammals. It occurs obligate or facultative in cases where the development of the embryo from the blastocyst stage to later stages is not appropriate (eg, during environmental conditions or lactation). The embryonic diapause begins with the blastocyst entering the metabolic and proliferative state of silence so reduction or interruption of mitosis in the embryo. When exit from the diapause, reactivation, and blastocyst returns to active metabolism, mitotic activity restarts and with cell proliferation, the implantation process begins in the uterus. Embryonic diapause is a protective phenomenon, it represents an important developmental advantage for species survival and should be evolutionarily maintained.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DAN SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA PTS GM DI SAMARINDA
Authors: P Pardede Pantas , Rohmah Siti
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAK

            Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengukur seberapa besar pentingnya kompetensi sumber daya manusia dan sistem pengendalian internal dalam menghasilkan sebuah kualitas laporan keuangan pada PTS GM Di Samarinda Kalimantan Timur. Tentunya Perguruan tinggi mempunyai visi dan misi yang spesifik sehingga kualitas laporan keuangan harus relevan dan akurat, dan dapat dipahami.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data skunder. Kuisioner disampaikan kepada 15 karyawan yang bekerja dan berperan dalam menghasilkan laporan keuangan. kuisioner (100%) kembali diisi dengan lengkap dan dapat diolah. Data yang dikumpulkan diolah dengan menggunakan program software SPSS. Metode statistik yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah analisis regresi linier berganda.  Hasil Penelitian ini menggambarkan variabel X1 Kompetensi SDM berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan dan variabel X2 sistem pengendalian internal berpengaruh positif terhadap variabel Y yaitu kualitas laporan keuangan. Kualitas sebuah laporan keuangan sangat diperlukan dalam keberlangsungan sebuah organisasi. Informasi yang akurat dapat memberikan sebuah data atau kebijakan yang akan diambil oleh para pengguna.

Kata kunci:       Kualitas Laporan Keuangan, Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia, Sistem Pengendalian Intern
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN E-MONEY DAN KARTU DEBET PADA TINGKAT KONSUMSI
Authors: Aprianti Dian irma
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengertahui sejauh mana  tingkat signifikan e money dan kartu debet mempengaruhi tingkat konsusmsi dengan studi kasus mahasiswa Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda angkatan 2017 Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda yang mimiliki dan pernah menggunakan e money dan kartu debet. Penelitian ini menggunkan metode kuantitatif dengan data primer berupa kusisioner, regresi linear berganda sebagai alat analisis dengan menggunakan SPPS.

Adapun variabel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah e-money sebagai variabel X1, kartu debet sebagai variabel X2 dan Tingkat Konsusmsi sebagaia variabel Y. Dilakukan uji secara parsial dan secara simultan

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa e- money berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap tingkat konsumsi sebesar 3,098 dengan t tabel sebesar 1,674 dengan signfikansi 0,003 lebih kecil dari 0,005 dan hasil uji serentak menunjukkan bahwa e-money  dan kartu debet berpengaruh secara signifikan 8,810 dengan signifikansi 0,000. Diharapkan penelitian memiliki kontribusi bagi ilmu Ekonomi terutama bidang ilmu pemasaran selain itu penelitian ini juga diharapkan memberikan kontribusi bagi perusahaan Fintech dan dunia perbankkan. Manfaat, kemudahan penggunaan e money dan kartu debet tentu mempunyai daya tarik tersendiri sehinggan berdampak pada tingkat konsusmsi 

 

Kata kunci : e-money, kartu debet, tingkat konsumsi
ANALISIS PROFIT MAKSIMUM USAHA-USAHA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) DI KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Setiawati Erni , Taslim Sri Haslindah , Yanti Fitri , Dewi Tirta N. Citra
Published: April 2021

Analisis Profit Maksimum Usaha-Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Samarinda. Dasar teori dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan pada Teori Ekonomi Mikro tentang kuantitas produksi yang memberikan keuntungan maksimum (profit maximum).

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa tercapai atau tidaknya kuantitas produksi (Q) yang memberikan keuntungan maksimum, serta besarnya kuantitas produksi (Q) yang memberikan keuntungan maksimum. Yang menjadi objek penelitian (populasi) adalah para pelaku UMKM di Kota Samarinda, dengan sampel sebanyak 11 UMKM. Data bersifat kuantitatif, bersumber langsung dari objek penelitian (data primer), yang dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen kuisioner yang berisi data-data biaya operasional usaha.

Untuk menghitung profit maksimum menggunakan metode Total Approach, dengan cara menghitung selisih terbesar (maksimum) antara total penerimaan (TR) dengan total biaya (TC), sehingga membentuk persamaan fungsi profit (π = TR - TC), dan metode Marginal Approach, yaitu kondisi di mana penerimaan/pendapatan total marjinal sama dengan biaya total marjinal (MR = MC).

Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa dari 11 UMKM yang menjadi objek penelitian, usaha telah mencapai keuntungan (profit), namun belum mencapai keuntungan maksimum (profit maksimum). Diperlukan waktu kurang lebih 6 bulan produksi, agar bisa mencapai keuntungan maksimum.
Assistive Seatbelt Device
Authors: Van Warmerdam Andrew , Buckner Sara , Johns Dylan , Travis Alanna
Published: April 2021

This assistive seatbelt device is to help people who are having trouble buckling and unbuckling their seatbelts. These people may include the elderly, individuals with arthritis or back or shoulder injuries just to name a few. It makes it easier for them to accomplish these tasks. It is a simple design which makes it easy to operate as well as manufacture. Due to its use of already existing materials, the device would be affordable to produce and for clients to purchase. This device is a small object that is easily installed. All the user needs to do to install is to insert it into the seatbelt buckle and then it is ready to be used. Since is easy to install, it is also easy to transport it from car to car.
Smothering the Embers of Conflict in Darfur: Transnational Oil Politics
Authors: Goldstein Ira
Published: April 2021

It is not an easy feat to identify the origins of conflict in Darfur. It is a conflict so complex that one scholar can blame global warming while another blames a “genocidier” in Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir, and both have solid evidence for their case. The obvious factor that led to the Darfur conflict is past conflict in Sudan. The embers of past conflict were still glowing hot in Sudan when the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) was signed between North and South in 2005 to end the civil war. Interestingly, the final years of civil war and the first years of conflict in Darfur coincide with increased oil development in Sudan. The issue of oil and conflict in Sudan is important because it involves the actions of corporations, investments of ordinary citizens around the world and the policies of governments. Part of the policy dialog surrounding Darfur and the lack of government-guaranteed human security relates to Sudan’s oil revenues and their connection to military spending. Certain NGOs have endeavoured to draw a direct link between increased oil revenues and military spending in Sudan, urging investors to divest from certain companies to alleviate suffering and conflict. Queen’s took steps last year to drop investments in certain Chinese oil companies because of their involvement in Sudan. This presentation will: examine the link between oil revenues and military spending in Sudan, explore the efficacy of divestment and other economic sanctions and draw some conclusions on the role of corporations (and their investors) in conflict zones.
Salvation Through Roots and Hybrids? The Governance of Humanitarian Intervention and Aid
Authors: Willner Christine A.
Published: April 2021

The ongoing conflict, political instability, and social consequences of the wars in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have historically been ignored by the international community. Although seemingly complex, personally observed local solutions to domestic and regional issues are currently providing examples of effective programs which could become blueprints for other communities, regions, and potentially the state. This presentation will provide an overview of the history, current situation, and actions of the United Nations (UN), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and citizenry in order to challenge perceptions surrounding the ongoing conflict. The first section provides a brief outline of the history of the DRC since independence including: political actions, UN, and external state interventions. The second section will examine the role of NGOs in the country – both theoretically and practically – in order to clarify the challenges NGOs face and how these challenges could be overcome, improving the outcome of aid offered to the people of the DRC. The third section will suggest the potential for grassroots, or “bottomup”, change based on political theory and how such change could be implemented given recent developments in the country. The fourth and final section will discuss recent developments socially and economically in the DRC using recent field research. The presentation will conclude with a critical analysis, propose some potential outcomes of UN actions, and offer recommendations given knowledge gained from academic and field research specific to the Democratic Republic of Congo.