bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development: Major Themes and Research Trajectories
Authors: Pisolkar Yogesh
Published: May 2024

Our research endeavors to uncover patterns and understand the intellectual framework of studies on cultural heritage management and sustainable development. In this study, we utilize secondary data sourced from the Scopus database. We retrieved and downloaded 185 documents for subsequent analysis. The data was subjected to bibliometric analysis for thorough examination. The analysis exposed six melodies, i.e., Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Urban Development; Sustainable Development and Management of Cultural Heritage; Cultural Heritage and Vernacular Architecture; Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Heritage Sites and Urban Regeneration; Heritage Management and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); World Heritage Sites and United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), respectively. This study makes contributions both academically and within the community. The study provides important insights into the most influential journals, countries, and articles, which is academically essential. Also, six major themes that significantly contribute to the domain of cultural heritage management and sustainable development literature are presented, and they also provide an avenue for future research. Defending biological diversity, ecosystem services, cultural heritage, and associated values is crucial on the communal front. It should be the mainstay for achieving economic and social growth of local communities with environmental sustainability.
The Development Path of Wenzhou's Integration of the Private Economy and Vocational Education Under the "Four Chain Drive" Model
Authors: Xin Lin
Published: May 2024

Wenzhou City, one of the key areas in China for private economic development, has been actively pushing for the deep integration of the private sector and vocational education in recent years, seizing the chance presented by the "Ministry and Province Co-constructing" National Highland of Vocational Education Innovation pilot project. This study attempts to investigate the creative growth path by using the integration of the private business and vocational education in Wenzhou City as the research object and the "four-chain-driven" model as the theoretical foundation. This study determines the research status, issues, and influencing factors of the industry and education integration mode by methodically arranging the academic history and dynamics of related research both domestically and internationally. It also incorporates the chain theory into the relevant research on the evolution of the integration of industry and education, which offers the theoretical foundation for this investigation. Research on the current state of Wenzhou's integration of the private sector and vocational education, research on influencing factors, and research on the "four-chain-driven" model are all included in the study. In order to provide references for governmental decision-making, this study aims to thoroughly analyse the current state of affairs, issues, and potential mechanisms of the integration of the private economy and vocational education in Wenzhou from multiple dimensions through empirical investigation, statistical analysis, and case studies. In the end, this research seeks to create an innovative "four-chain-driven" model of industry-education integration and development that is in line with Wenzhou's real circumstances. It also offers theoretical direction and doable avenues for Wenzhou to achieve superior industry-education integration development.
The Big Data Thinking in Furniture Innovative Design Under the Environment Configuration of Modern Chinese Houses
Authors: Liuying Zhu
Published: May 2024

"Big data" is a popular word at present, and its application in various industries has gradually become widespread. In the furniture industry, the application effect of big data in the market is more and more prominent, and the great value brought by big data to furniture enterprises is also more and more obvious. How to use big data to obtain the information advantage brought by big data is also an important problem faced by furniture enterprises. This paper introduces the application and application methods of big data in new furniture design, and discusses how furniture design can effectively use big data to seize market opportunities and achieve new business development. This paper discusses how to apply more extensive data thinking in furniture design, model development and subsequent design to improve product innovation design, so as to provide effective reference for the new development of furniture design. At the same time, we explored innovative furniture design in combination with reality, and found that using big data can effectively enhance the pertinence of furniture design and optimize user experience.
A SC Financial Credit Risk Assessment Model Based on Particle Filter and SVM with Gain Information
Authors: Songwei Fan
Published: May 2024

The accuracy of credit risk prediction in SC financing is critical for many enterprises, based on machine learning algorithms can be good for SME credit risk assessment research, for this reason, this paper establishes a combinatorial model that can improve credit risk prediction, using support vector machine (SVM) and particle filtering to achieve credit risk classification and prediction, we and introduce information gain (IG) to extract the prediction of The model uses SVM and particle filtering to classify and predict credit risk, and we introduce information gain (IG) to extract feature variables that contribute significantly to the prediction results and optimize model feature inputs. Compared with the benchmark model, the prediction accuracy of the model in this paper is 97.62%, which is 8.97% higher than that of SVM, and the performance of IG with feature optimization improves the prediction accuracy by another 3%.
Enhanced Brain Tumor Analysis: Integrating ResNet50 with Convolutional Block Attention Modules for Advanced Insights
Authors: Vinston Raja R.
Published: May 2024

The process of diagnosing brain tumors is a lengthy task that heavily relies on the experience of radiologists. However, deep learning techniques have become increasingly popular in automating the diagnosis of brain tumors, offering improved precision and effectiveness. One such technique, Convolutional Block Attention Modules (CBAM), uses attention-based models that dynamically enhance and refine diagnostic characteristics. However, the specific impact of using different attention methods, such as channel, spatial, or combined attention, within CBAM for brain tumor classification is yet to be fully explored.To address this gap, our research used ResNet50 coupled with CBAM to classify brain tumors. This novel approach demonstrated superior performance compared to existing methods, including Convolutional Neural Network. ResNet50-CBAM showed remarkable area under the curve (AUC), recall, precision, and accuracy of 99.53%, 99.11%, 98.75%, and 99.35%, respectively, using the same dataset.The fusion of ResNet-CBAM not only captures spatial context but also enhances feature representation, making it a promising integration into brain classification software platforms. This development could benefit doctors by improving brain tumor categorization and facilitating better clinical decision-making.
Rand-Index Target Projective Gradient Deep Belief Network for Software Fault Prediction
Authors: T Shathish Kumar
Published: May 2024

Predicting defective software modules before testing is a valuable operation that reduces time and cost of software testing.  Source code fault prediction plays a vital role in improving software quality that effectively assists in optimization testing resource allocation.  Several machine learning and ensemble learning techniques has been extensively evolved over the recent few years to predict defect at an early stage. These techniques made predictions based on historical defect data, the software metrics. Nevertheless, the time efficient and accurate fault predictions are the major challenging tasks that yet have to be addressed. In order to ensure accurate software fault prediction, a method called Rand-Index Target Projective Gradient Deep Belief Network (RTPGDBN) is designed. The proposed RTPGDBN method comprises of three processes namely acquiring JAVA packages, software metric selection and classification. First, the number of JAVA packages is used as input from the dataset. Second with the JAVA packages obtained as input, Rand similarity indexive target projection function is applied for selecting the most significant software metrics in order to minimize time complexity of fault prediction. Third, with the selected metrics, classification is performed using Tversky Gradient Deep Belief neural network. Also, gradient descent function is applied to minimize classification error, therefore ensuring accurate software fault classification results obtained at the output layer. Experimental setup of proposed RPGDDBN and existing methods are implemented in Java language and the dataset collected from smell prediction replication package. Performance analysis is carried out with different quantitative metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure, and time complexity and space complexity. Through extensive experiments on repository data, experimental results indicate that our RPGDDBN method outperforms two state-of-the-art defect detection methods in terms of different performance metrics.
Synergizing Battery-Powered Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Control with Integrated Modular Multilevel Converter Systems
Authors: L. Anbarasu
Published: May 2024

This proposed work presents a comprehensive examination of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) combined with a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for battery energy management in applications. In order to provide effective energy transfer and dynamic control, the Modular Multilevel Converter serves as a bridge between the battery system and the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor drive. By cleverly controlling energy flow and minimizing losses during charging and discharging cycles, the combination of MMC with PMSM seeks to increase energy efficiency and prolong battery life. Since the energy source provides all of the power for the motor, it runs at a constant pace. When the accelerating mode finishes, the energy storage receives just enough power to maintain a steady voltage. The energy storage system utilizes the majority of the renewable power generated by the electric motor when it is in deceleration mode to raise the voltage in the system. During the subsequent acceleration mode, the stored energy might be released the MMC-BESS, which combines a modular multilevel converter with a battery energy storage system, is gaining popularity due to its high adaptability and dependability. This system integrates batteries into a sub module. Sub-modular capacitor voltage fluctuations are caused by the significant reactive power that is generated through the workings of modular multilevel converters. To reduce the fluctuation, large capacitance capacitors is required, which would significantly increase the system's capacity. The proposed approach means to upgrade energy proficiency and execution in electric vehicle applications. By joining the benefits of battery power with the flexibility of MMC frameworks, the arrangement offers upgraded control accuracy, decreased misfortunes, and further developed adaptation to non-critical failure. This combination works with consistent power the executives, guaranteeing ideal use of assets while meeting severe execution prerequisites. Through exhaustive examination and recreation, the adequacy of this incorporated framework is illustrated, displaying propelling the field of electric vehicle impetus and power conversion potential.
Compact Tri-band Loaded Antenna for wireless Communication and Fifth generation Applications
Authors: M. Raja Kumar
Published: May 2024

The tri-band antenna proposed for wireless applications. The proposed antenna with a low profile and compact-T shaped.  Two circular rings are connected with stub different pole sizes is shown in this article.  The proposed work is carried out using CST Microwave Design Studio on FR-4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. The suggested antenna works cover all commercial and C band applications in the frequency range of 1 to 6 GHz. It gives triple band at 2.5 GHz for (EBS), 3.5 GHz for 5G band or C-band and 5.8   Ism band for wireless and Wifi Max ,5G applications. An impedance bandwidth of the 15%(2.45 to 2.6),17%(3.32 to 3.6GHz) and 25%(5.5 to 5.8 GHz is obtained. A good conjunction between the simulation and measured results is inferred from design analysis.
Paediatric Activity Anomaly Detection using CNN-XGBoost for Early Intervention and Patient Safety
Authors: Preethi Salian K.
Published: May 2024

The development of a robust anomaly detection system capable of distinguishing between normal and abnormal activities in paediatric care settings is of paramount importance for early intervention and patient safety. This endeavor presents substantial challenges due to the unique characteristics of paediatric activities, making it necessary to employ a combination of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and XGBoost to effectively address these complexities. The initial step involves the assembly of a meticulously annotated dataset comprising video sequences encompassing a broad spectrum of paediatric activities, both normal and abnormal, with a strong emphasis on diversity and representativeness. This dataset is subjected to rigorous preprocessing to ensure consistency and quality. This research employs a Kalman filter as a pre-processing step. This filter helps to reduce noise and enhance the quality of the video data. By smoothing and stabilizing the trajectories of objects or subjects within the video frames, the Kalman filter provides a cleaner input for subsequent stages of the process. CNN employed for feature extraction from video frames, capturing both spatial and temporal cues. To account for the temporal dimension inherent in video data, by ensuring that the model can capture nuanced patterns in paediatric activities. The accuracy of the proposed method is 88%. The extracted features or sequences are input into an XGBoost classifier, designed as a binary classification task to differentiate between normal and abnormal activities. Robust model evaluation is conducted on validation and test datasets using appropriate performance metrics, with continuous feedback loops established with healthcare professionals and caregivers to fine-tune and optimize the model's performance.
Exploring the Role of AI in Modern Legal Practice: Opportunities, Challenges, and Ethical Implications
Authors: Enas Mohamed Ali Quteishat
Published: May 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have emerged as powerful tools with the potential to revolutionize the legal field. This paper explores the multifaceted implications of AI in law, examining its transformative impact on legal practice while addressing the ethical and regulatory challenges it presents. Through an analysis of key applications such as legal research, predictive analytics, document review, and automation, the paper highlights the opportunities AI offers for increased efficiency, accuracy, and access to justice. However, it also underscores the complex ethical considerations surrounding AI, including issues of algorithmic bias, transparency, accountability, and data privacy. Moreover, the paper emphasizes the importance of ongoing research and dialogue to navigate these complexities effectively, advocating for interdisciplinary collaboration between legal professionals, technologists, ethicists, and policymakers. By fostering a shared understanding and proactive approach to addressing ethical and regulatory challenges, we can ensure that AI technologies are deployed responsibly and ethically in the legal profession, ultimately advancing fairness, transparency, and integrity in the legal system.
A Study on Scan Trajectory Based Effective Localization Method Using Mobile Anchor in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Om Mehta
Published: May 2024

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of different nodes working together in a networked fashion in an ordered way. For many applications, sensor location in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is crucial. It is expensive to equip each sensor node with a GPS receiver. Numerous methods, including range-based and range-free methods, have been put forth in the past to determine the locations of sensor nodes that are randomly distributed. The majority of them make use of unique nodes known as anchor nodes, which are thought to be aware of their own positions. These anchor nodes supply the information that other sensors use to calculate their locations. Massive numbers of sensor nodes are used in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to gather data about the immediate environment. However, this data is useless until the precise location of the data collection points is known. Sensor node localization in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is important for a number of applications. The current research study develops a path planning technique to apply mobile anchors to the localization systems that are currently in use. The two mobile anchors supported by the effective trajectories, or effective SCAN, is the focus of the proposed research project. To localise the sensor node and transmit data, this method involves setting the mobile anchors to move in the opposite direction. The advantages of this dual movable anchor are demonstrated by the research study in terms of decreased localization time, localization error, and other factors.
Evaluating Academic Information Systems Through Dual Models
Authors: Sukarno Bahat Nauli
Published: May 2024

Evaluation of a system is needed to determine whether the system is still following organizational goals. For maximum results, evaluation should be done regularly. An academic information system is a system that aims to perform data processing so that it can provide convenient information that is used by users in academic administrative activities. This study proposes to determine the level of governance maturity in the monitoring and Evaluation domain of academic information systems at University ‘X’ a private in Indonesia and determine factors of the success of the information system. The results of the measurement process show that the maturity level of the system is at level 2.1 and the factors that affect the success of the system are System Quality, Quality of Service, User Satisfaction, and Net Benefits. The comparison specifically on System Quality and User Satisfaction relation has a less significant impact (0.2) while the IT Performance of the Monitor and Evaluate process is at the initial/ad hoc stage (level 1).  In this study, the Quality of Information does not affect the success of the system. The results of this study provide recommendations for organizations to improve governance according to organizational goals to level 3 and to improve the Quality of Information in information systems.
PEMIKIRAN KH. HASIM MUZADI TENTANG PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN ISLAM KONTEMPORER
Authors: Mubaedah Al Fatah
Published: May 2024

Pendidikan Islam adalah sebuah proses pembentukan individu berdasarkan ajaran Islam. Dalam pendidikan Islam kita melibatkan atau menjadikan unsur landasan pokoknya adalah al-qur’an dan al hadist. Segalah yang menyangkut dalam proses pembentukan keilmuan kedalam diri peserta didik atau mahasiswa harus berlandasan kepada al-qur’an dan hadist dimana ini sesuai dengan indikator utama yang sudah ditetapkan yakni pendidikan Islam. Metode yang digunakan dalam pembuatan makalah disini adalah “content analysis / Analsis Isi. Adapun hasil atau kesimpulan dalam makalah ini adalah. (pertama) KH. Hasim Muzadi adalah seorang tokoh pendidikan islam yang berasal dari keluarga yang biasa-biasa atau sederhana saja (bukan dari keluarga orang besar). Bearangkat dari kegigihan dan semangatnya yang tinggi dalam pengembangan pendidikan islam beliau berhasil mendirikan lembaga pendidikan islam yang saat ini sudah bisa dinimati oleh masyarakat luas. Mulai dari masyarakat setempat samapi dengan masyarakat dari lura daerah, kota dan sampai kepolosok pejuru. (Kedua) Pemikiran pendidikan islam yang dimiliki beliau sudah menjadi referensi banyak kalangan untuk menjadi landasan/pedoman dalam mengembangun dunia pendidikan islam, mulai dari karya ilmiah (paper) sampai dengan lembaga pendidikan (Sekolah/perguruan tinggi). (Ketiga) Pendidikan merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok dalam kehidupan manusia yang berfikir bagaimana menjalani kehidupan dunia ini dalam rangka mempertahankan hidup dan penghidupan manusia yang mengemban tugas dari Sang Kholiq untuk beribadah. Dimana Pendidikan Islam Kontemporer yang kita ketahui “kegiatan yang dilaksanakan secara terencana dan sistematis untuk mengembangkan potensi anak didik berdasarkan pada kaidah-kaidah agama Islam pada masa sekarang”, disini KH. Hasim Muzdi menyiapkan kebutuhan-kebutuhan yang dibutuhkan pada saat ini. Adapun yang sudah disiapakan sesaui dengan perkembangan yang sudah berlaku atau diterapkan. Era 5.0 yang semuanya serba teknologi.
A CRITICAL APPROACH OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORIES
Authors:   University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania, Cristian PIECU , Florin-Aurelian BIRCHI ,   University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania, Ramona-Cristina GHITA ,   University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania, Patricia Cristiana BORUZESCU ,   University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Published: May 2024

Along with the evolution of society, the theories of social entrepreneurship have also evolved, and the aim of our research consists of the critical analysis of the theories related to entrepreneurial intention with a particularization of social entrepreneurship. Our research results led us to conclude that the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is still a dominant theory used to measure entrepreneurial intention. However, the resource-based theory is much more oriented toward creating a genuine motivation for social entrepreneurs to transform their ideas into a social project, and the resources that the community makes available to the entrepreneurs have the potential to stimulate them to fulfill social goals. Consequently, the emotional feature of the social entrepreneur contributes to the promotion of entrepreneurial behavior oriented towards solving a specific social need of the community or society.
ANALYSIS AND FORECAST OF THE EMPLOYEES IN THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE HEALTH SYSTEMS IN ROMANIA
Authors:   University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania, Lucian MIRESCU , Ana-Maria Camelia POPESCU ,   University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Published: May 2024

In this paper, a statistical analysis is made of the health personnel in Romania in the public and private systems using data from the period 1990-2022, provided by the National Institute of Statistics. Using the least squares method, analytical functions are found that model the trend and forecasts are made for the years 2023 and 2024. The confidence intervals for the predictions are also found, at a significance threshold of 5%, and the correlations between certain indicators are analysed. It was found that in the public sector there was a downward trend, in general, for all categories of medical personnel in the period 1990-2017, followed by an increasing evolution after 2018, due to salary increases in the system. However, there is still a shortage of physicians in the public sector, even if their number has steadily increased in the last years. There is no correlation between the number of physicians and the number of beds in public hospitals, although this should be positive and high. On the other hand, in the private sector the trend is obviously increasing throughout the studied period, the correlations are very strong between the analysed indicators, a situation explained by the fact that in this system the goal is to minimize expenses and increase profit and less access of all citizens to health services.
THE "SILVER NECKLACE OF RUSSIA" AS A DRIVER OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORIES OF THE NORTHWEST
Authors:   Institute for Regional Economics Studies Russian Academy of Sciences, Sovershaeva L.P.
Published: May 2024

The article reveals the specifics of the implementation of the interregional tourism project «Sil-ver Necklace» in the conditions of a significant increase in the domestic tourist flow. The main priorities for the development of the hospitality industry in the regions have been identified. Pro-posals are given for the formation of a tourist macro-region based on the master plan. It was provided an analysis of the best practices for the implementation of the project in the regions of the Northwestern Federal District.
Dynamics of the Salatiga Islamic Movement in 2009-2019
Authors: Apriliani Luvita
Published: May 2024

This research focuses on the dynamics of PMII Cadreization of the Faculty of Syari'ah Rayon Zubair Umar Al-Jailani in 2009-2019. The focus of this research is limited to three problems, namely; (1) What is the historical background of the PMII IAIN Salatiga organization; (2) What was the initial period for the establishment of PMII of the Syari'ah Faculty; and (3) What are the Non-Academic Skill improvement programs for PMII organizational cadres, Faculty of Syari'ah Rayon Zubair Umar Al-Jailani in 2009-2019? This study uses historical research methods, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results of the study found that the cadre programs at PMII of the Faculty of Sharia experienced ups and downs according to the demands of the times. Several important findings in this study were cadre needs-based cadre programs such as strengthening non-academic skills, intellectual and social strengthening, and academic strengthening in order to erase the declining image of PMII cadres in the academic world.
Pembudayaan profil pelajar mandiri di Panti Asuhan Yatim Putri Aisyah Kadipiro melalui pendampingan 3K (karakter, keilmuan dan konseling)
Authors: Wulandari Murfiah Dewi , Novitasari Meggy , Rahmawati Fitri Puji , Hidayati Yulia Maftuhah , Hikmat Mauly Halwat , Maharsiwi Dwi Moqsa , Roisma Rossa , Puspitasari Ratna Kusuma , Wulandari Diana Rizki Avita , Indaryati Oktavia Nur , Ahsanu Rizkika , Kusumawardani Wiratri Nurul Ayu
Published: May 2024

Orphanages need good services in cultivating character and scientific competence and getting support from counseling staff to express themselves freely, independently, flexibly, progressively, and happily. Character strengthening, knowledge, and counseling are necessary for orphanages to produce a superior generation. This service aims to cultivate an independent student profile through 3K (character, knowledge, and counseling) at the Putri Aisyiyah II Kadipiro Orphanage, Surakarta. Methods for implementing services include mapping and collecting data on initial conditions for partners, outreach with partners, mentoring children, monitoring and evaluation, and preparing reports and publications. The results of this service include 1) increasing the learning outcomes of students, 2) minimizing cases of violations committed by orphanage children, and 3) knowing the psychological/mental condition of orphanage children through psychological testing and counseling activities. From this service, it is hoped that we can optimize the abilities and solve the problems of orphaned children by cultivating 3K with a scientific concept integrated with character, which is the foundation of an independent student profile.
Metodologias didáticas no ensino de química durante o período remoto/híbrido: uma revisão
Authors: Paes Ana Paula Saldanha Guedes , Gonçalves Tiago Maretti , Pessoa Junior Erasmo Sérgio , Yamaguchi Klenicy Kazumy de Lima
Published: May 2024

O ensino de Química nas instituições educacionais passou por um período de profunda adaptação devido à paralisação e suspensão das aulas presenciais ocasionadas pela pandemia da Covid-19. Este artigo procurou realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre os instrumentos e metodologias didáticas utilizadas no ensino de Química durante o período remoto/híbrido, além de refletir sobre os benefícios, pontos positivos e negativos e as contribuições dessas abordagens. Foi conduzida uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre metodologias didáticas e materiais elaborados em artigos publicados em revistas científicas no período de 2020 a 2022. Como resultado desta pesquisa, pôde-se verificar as contribuições das metodologias didáticas para a aprendizagem dos alunos no ensino de Química, destacando o uso das Google Meet, Youtube e Google classrrom como as mais citadas. Além disso, destaca-se a necessidade de reflexão por parte dos docentes em relação ao uso das plataformas digitais, bem como a importância da experimentação no cotidiano do aluno.
ECMI Minorities Blog.The Bicommunal Technical Committees in Cyprus: A Rare Example of ‘Engagement without Recognition’
Authors: Hadjigeorgiou Nasia
Published: May 2024

This post focuses on the bicommunal Technical Committees in Cyprus which, it argues, are rare instances of successful ‘Engagement without Recognition’ between a parent and a de facto state. They are, in other words, instances of cooperation between a non-internationally recognised entity and the internationally recognised state from which it attempted to secede. The post sheds light on the Technical Committees by explaining how and why they were established, and in what way they can be understood as examples of ‘Engagement without Recognition’. It offers examples of successful projects that were implemented by the Technical Committees and identifies lessons we can learn from their experiences to date, which can also be useful in other frozen conflict contexts around the world.
Evaluation of larvicidal activity of Ocimum basilicum L. essential oil on Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti L.
Authors: Santos Brenda Freire dos , Monteiro Kryssia Jarina Tavares , Matos Jonathan Lopes de , Oliveira Fábio Rodrigues de , Araújo Inana Fauro de , Brandão Lethicia Barreto , Galardo Allan Kardec Ribeiro , Rodrigues Alex Bruno Lobato
Published: May 2024

Aedes aegypti is a mosquito species of significant importance to public health because of its role in the spread of infections in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Chemical control measures are crucial for insect management. However, the widespread use of commercial insecticides has led to the development of resistance to Ae. aegypti. Therefore, alternative control measures must be explored. This study aimed to investigate the larvicidal activity and mechanism of action of Ocimum basilicum essential oil against Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti L. The phytochemical components of the oil were identified using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis, which revealed that oxygenated monoterpenes, primarily Linalool and Estragole, were the major components. The essential oil demonstrated concentration-dependent larvicidal activity, with increased mortality rates at higher concentrations. The larvicidal activity of the essential oil may be enhanced, as shown by molecular docking of its phytochemical components, either individually or in combination with juvenile hormones. These findings suggest that the essential oil has the potential to be used as a larvicide for the management of Ae. aegypti populations and that the mechanism of action may involve interactions between the phytochemical components and juvenile hormones.
Desafios de estudantes de baixa renda na educação superior pública
Authors: Clem Eduardo Lemgruber do Valle , Vinhal Jóice Macedo , Conceição Maria Inês Gandolfo
Published: May 2024

Desde as primeiras iniciativas nas décadas de 1940 até a promulgação da Lei de Cotas em 2012, as políticas de ações afirmativas têm evoluído, trazendo consigo um aumento significativo na diversidade do corpo discente. No entanto, a simples entrada na universidade não é suficiente; é essencial garantir políticas efetivas de permanência e assistência estudantil para que esses indivíduos possam não só ingressar, mas também concluir seus cursos com sucesso, fomentando um ambiente acadêmico inclusivo e acolhedor. O objetivo deste artigo é tecer novos diálogos e refletir sobre os desafios enfrentados por estudantes de baixa renda na sua permanência na Educação Superior Pública brasileira. Para tanto, é traçado um percurso metodológico pautado pela Cartografia, em que se preza pela articulação da investigação e intervenção na direção da construção de um diálogo buscando conhecer a realidade dos estudantes de baixa renda amparados por políticas de Assistência Estudantil. O dispositivo utilizado para coleta de dados foi a roda de conversa. Participaram da pesquisa oito estudantes moradores da Casa do Estudante de uma Universidade Pública Brasileira, e dois pesquisadores, servidores da instituição. Os dados apontaram que os Programas de Assistência Estudantil são importantes para favorecer a permanência dos alunos, mas que outros aspectos assinalados pelos participantes transcendem a vulnerabilidade socioeconômica e assinalam para questões relacionadas ao sentimento de pertença em relação ao meio acadêmico, a saúde mental, as relações estabelecidas com a instituição, docentes, servidores e pares, práticas de ensino, transporte. Tais aspectos evidenciam a necessidade de uma democratização da educação superior que, além de promover acesso aos estudos, ofereça condições de permanência e propicie o desenvolvimento humano.
Some reflections on the consistency of the EU CBAM with the GATT
Authors:   University of Milan, Magnaghi Rachele
Published: May 2024

In their fight against climate change, States have repeatedly declared that reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a priority with “global reach”. However, since the entry into force of the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, States have opted for an individualistic and differentiated approach, particularly with regard to climate mitigation. As a result, climate change agreements provide only procedural obligations and lead States to choose how to determine and how to achieve substantial obligations. Against this backdrop, in 2021 the European Commission proposed the adoption of a particularly controversial unilateral trade-related climate measure: the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), with the dual intent of combating carbon leakage and levelling the playing field. Given its expected restrictive impact on trade flows in the sectors concerned, the CBAM was from the outset considered by several WTO members to be contrary to WTO law. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the compatibility of the CBAM with the non-discrimination and trade liberalisation commitments undertaken by the EU in the WTO, by reconstructing what could be the outcome of a potential dispute in the light of previous WTO case law.
Making nature’s voice heard in criminal proceedings
Authors:   University of Vienna, Hajszan Jacob
Published: May 2024

As nature and parts thereof do not enjoy legal personhood in almost all EU-Member states, criminal cases criminal cases concerning crimes against the environment and other crimes that cause harm to nature do not involve victims who could participate in the proceedings and demand compensation. This lack of participation and representation differs from other areas of procedural law: As litigation and participation of NGOs or other members of the public on behalf of the environment is quite frequent in environmental law and certain legal instruments such as the Aarhus Convention or certain EU-Directives even obligate states to grant participation rights in some administrative proceedings. However, some countries already allow environmental NGOs or other members of the public, including individuals, to participate in criminal proceedings on behalf of the environment. Furthermore, a planned new EU-Directive on environmental criminal law might bring an obligation to grant the public concerned appropriate rights to participate in proceedings regarding environmental crimes.
The application of renewable materials in green chemistry
Authors: Guo Yuliang
Published: May 2024

Natural substances that are capable of being replaced or renewed over the course of a human lifetime or over a relatively short amount of time through natural processes are referred to as material that is renewable. Due to the fact that these materials are both sustainable and favorable to the environment, they are frequently used in a variety of industries, including the building industry, the textile industry, the energy industry, and the packaging industry. Given the circumstances, it is quite probable that this will have a profound effect on the future of humanity. Renewable materials commonly encompass biomass, bio-based polymers, natural fibers, wood, and lumber. The main focus of the study is to explore the utilization of renewable materials in green chemistry, namely biomass-sourced renewable materials, as well as other renewable materials such as food waste, recyclable plastics, and paper. This paper provides an in-depth review of the advantages and challenges related to renewable materials in the realm of green chemistry.
Review on preheating systems for Lithium-ion batteries of electric vehicles under low temperature circumstance
Authors: Li Yansen
Published: May 2024

Nowadays, energy and environmental protection issues have become the focus of most attention. The development of electric vehicles which depends on lithium ion battery as power source is one of the most applicable way in dealing with these issues. Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is highly favoured for its outstanding features in energy density, cycle life and energy retention. However, its severe sensitivity to working temperatures leads to problems when driving electric vehicles. Therefore, researchers and engineers have explored approaches to guaranteeing a suitable working temperature for LIB, one of which is the battery preheating system. To clarify the advancement of this system, both internal and external preheating methods studied in recent years are summarized, and the discussion for future research is included.
Evaluating the Effect of Decreasing Preoperative Hemoglobin on Blood Transfusions, Major Complications, and Periprosthetic Joint Infection After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Haft Mark , Agarwal Amil R. , Brufsky Eliza R. , Pearson Zachary C. , Harris Andrew B. , Gu Alex , Thakkar Savyasachi C. , Golladay Gregory J.
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Preoperative anemia is associated with increased postoperative transfusion and complication rates after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We aimed to create TKA-specific data-driven preoperative hemoglobin strata that quantify the likelihood of 90-day postoperative blood transfusion and evaluate whether these strata are associated with increased risk of 90-day major complications and 2-year prosthetic joint infection (PJI).

Methods:

Primary TKA patients from 2013 to 2022 were identified using a national database. Stratum-specific likelihood ratio (SSLR) analysis defined hemoglobin strata associated with the risk of 90-day blood transfusion. Each stratum was propensity score matched to the highest identified hemoglobin strata. Unmatched incidence rates and matched risk of 90-day major complications and 2-year PJI between strata were compared.

Results:

SSLR identified four 90-day blood transfusion hemoglobin strata for men (strata [g/dL], likelihood ratio [<11.4, 8.06; 11.5 to 11.9, 4.34; 12.0 to 12.9, 1.70; 13.0 to 17.0, 0.54]) and women (<10.4, 8.22; 10.5 to 11.4, 2.84; 11.5 to 12.4, 1.38; 12.5 to 17.0, 0.50). Increased 2-year PJI risk was associated with three male strata (<11.4, 11.5 to 11.9, 12.0 to 12.9; all P < 0.001) and three female strata (<10.4, 10.5 to 11.4, 11.5 to 12.4; all P < 0.001). Increased 90-day major complication risk was associated with three male strata (<11.4, 11.5 to 11.9, 12.0 to 12.9; all P < 0.001) and three female strata (<10.4, 10.5 to 11.4, 11.5 to 12.4; all P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Using SSLR analysis, we identified unique TKA-specific data-driven hemoglobin strata for both men and women that quantify the likelihood of 90-day blood transfusions and predict the risk of both 90-day major complications and 2-year PJI. These strata are a first in the TKA literature and can assist surgeons in stratifying patients' transfusion and complication risk based on their preoperative hemoglobin value. While optimizing patients in the preoperative setting, we recommend using these TKA-specific hemoglobin thresholds to help guide decision making on the need for presurgery anemia optimization and to help reduce the need for blood transfusion.
Experimental Optimization, Design Synthesis, and Up-Conversion Luminescence Properties of Y4GeO8: Er3+/Yb3+ Red Phosphors
Authors: Liu S.Y. , Gao D. , Wang L. , Song W. B. , Yin H. , Wang S. T․ , Zhu Y.
Published: May 2024

The Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped Y4GeO8 crystal powders were successfully synthesized us-ing a high-temperature solid-phase method. The crystal structure of the obtained phosphors was confirmed to be pure Y4GeO8 through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. A regression equation correlating Er3+/Yb3+ doping concentrations with luminescent intensity was estab-lished based on the optimized theoretical model derived from experimental design. The op-timal concentrations of Er3+ and Yb3+ under 980 nm laser excitation were determined as 7.41% and 21.34%, respectively, while under 1550 nm laser excitation, the concentrations were 2.66% and 17.42%, respectively. The fluorescence emission spectra of the up-conver-sion samples were measured, revealing intense green and red emissions with peaks at 542, 546, and 654 nm under 980 nm excitation, and peaks at 546, 557, and 663 nm under 1550 nm excitation. These peaks correspond to transitions from 2H11/2 to 4I15/2, 4S3/2 to 4I15/2, and 4F9/2 to 4I15/2 energy levels. The relationship between up-conversion luminescence and laser op-erating current for the optimal samples under 980 nm and 1550 nm was investigated, uncov-ering that up-conversion luminescence occurs through both two-photon and three-photon processes. A detailed analysis and discussion of the up-conversion luminescence mecha-nisms were conducted. Furthermore, the relationship between up-conversion fluorescence and temperature for the optimal samples was studied, revealing excellent temperature-sens-ing characteristics under 980 nm and 1550 nm laser excitations. The calculated illumination region coordinates for the optimal samples under 980 nm and 1550 nm wavelength excitations were (0.5558, 0.4362) and (0.5256, 0.4687), respectively. The research highlights the potential of rare-earth ion-doped up-conversion luminescent materials for diverse anti-coun-terfeiting applications. In particular, the Y4GeO8: Yb3+/Er3+ phosphors, incorporating a dual-excitation mechanism, enhance the security of anticounterfeiting strategies in multifaceted scenarios. The study underscores the promising developments in this field.
A novel, validated, eco-friendly, and cost-effective rp-HPLC method for the determination of alginic acid content in seaweed, seaweed formulations, and other higher plant extracts
Authors: Bhagat Tanaji Shivaji
Published: May 2024

Alginic acid products are widely used in all fields, and the main source of alginic acid is seaweed. Alginic acid varies in various varieties of seaweed, plant parts, season to season, and the temperature of the water in which it is grown. The content of alginic acid also varies from manufacturer to manufacturer, as it depends on the process of extraction. No full-proof method for quantification is available. As alginic acid became a point of concern for regulators, a robust method for quantifying alginic acid became a prime requirement. As seaweed is only considered a source of alginic acid, essential amino acids, and nonessential amino acids, other sources need to be identified to overcome future needs and maintain biodiversity. The author succeeds in identifying another source of alginic acid, nutrients, and amino acids, i.e., Chromolaena odorata leaf extract, which contains about 5 to 6% alginic acid and 30 to 40% amino acids and proteins. A novel RP-HPLC method was found to be simple, suitable, and robust for the determination of alginic acid content in seaweed extract, its formulations, and also in phytoextracts (Chromolaena odorata leaf extract). The alginic acid content in seaweed and the formulated product quantified shows 10.05 ± 0.1% and 1.0 ± 0.03%, respectively, and is in close agreement with the declared content. Various authors have used gravimetric, colorimetric, titrimetric, and HPLC methods, each with their own limitations. The novel method is simple in terms of sensitivity, eco-friendly mobile phase, regular HPLC column and detector, lowest retention time (rapid analysis), and no internal standard required.
Dravet Syndrome from Dental View: A Case Report
Authors: Al-Qahtani Maha Saleh
Published: May 2024

Dravet Syndrome is a complex neurological disorder characterized by developmental delays and seizures caused by Gingival hyperplasia (gingival enlargement and frequent bleeding) in a paediatric, four-year-old girl for several years. This condition, often exacerbated secondary to medications used to manage DS, contributed to the development of severe dental caries—the girl with severe dental caries and gingival hyperplasia presented to the clinic. A collaborative approach involving pediatric dentistry, neuro-paediatrics, general medicine, and anaesthesia was employed to extract affected primary teeth—this multidisciplinary effort streamlined management and treatment, leading to successful outcomes. Postoperatively, the patient showed satisfactory recovery and underwent regular follow-ups. Regular follow-up appointments conducted every three months demonstrated significant improvement in the girl’s oral health and overall well-being, including a positive impact on her emotional, cognitive, and motor functions.
Bio(-Inspired) Supramolecular Chemistry
Authors:   , Nieuwland Celine
Published: May 2024

Life on Earth as we know it would not be possible without hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonds are, for instance, crucial for the structure, replication, and expression of the DNA double helix and the secondary structure and thereby the eventual function of proteins. A hydrogen bond is an interaction between the partially positively charged hydrogen atom of a hydrogen-bond donor group [i.e., H(–O) or H(–N)] and a partially negatively charged hydrogen-bond acceptor group [i.e., O or N]. Hydrogen bonds are, however, not purely electrostatic, but also contain a significant covalent character (i.e., orbital interaction) in addition to steric Pauli repulsion and dispersion interaction. The appearance of hydrogen bonding as a crucial player in the bonding mechanisms encountered in biochemical systems inspired supramolecular chemists to incorporate intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the design of novel catalysts, (macro)molecules, and materials, and led to the emergence of the field of bio-inspired supramolecular chemistry. However, to rationally design new and improved molecules and materials, first a profound understanding of the mechanisms of intermolecular hydrogen bonding is required. Decoding Nature’s design principles not only enriches the understanding of fundamental (inter)molecular interactions but also opens new avenues for creating functional materials and devices with unprecedented properties.

In this thesis, we aimed to develop a comprehensive understanding of the nature of the bonding mechanisms in biological and bio-inspired supramolecular systems, primarily based on hydrogen bonding, using quantum-chemical investigations in the framework of density functional theory (DFT). The findings outlined in this thesis show that experimentally obtained questions and phenomena regarding the structure and stability of bio(-inspired) supramolecular systems of significant size can nowadays be understood and explained from accurate quantum-chemical computations. The mechanistic insights into intermolecular chemical bonding acquired in this thesis can be applied as design principles for novel and improved bio(-inspired) supramolecular systems and materials with tailored properties.