bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the efficacy of perioperative tranexamic acid in patients with pelvic and acetabular fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yin Yijie , Jiang Jiabao , Zou Chang , Huang Shenbo , He Shuai , Kenmegne Guy Romeo , Yu You , Fang Yue
Published: September 2024

Background:

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is commonly used to reduce perioperative bleeding in various surgeries, including acetabular and pelvic fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). However, research on TXA’s effectiveness and safety in this context is conflicting. To address this, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on TXA’s efficacy and safety in patients with acetabular and pelvic fractures undergoing ORIF.

Methods:

We systematically searched Cochrane, PubMed, and EMBASE databases until August 30, 2023. Our evaluation of TXA focused on 6 domains: estimated blood loss (EBL), blood transfusion units, transfusion rates, thromboembolic events, other complications, and surgery duration. Data from these studies were analyzed using RevMan Manager 5.4.

Results:

This study included 4 randomized controlled trials with 179 patients with acetabular and pelvic fractures treated with TXA. The analysis showed that TXA did not significantly reduce EBL, packed red blood cell transfusion units, blood transfusion rates, or surgery duration. There was no significant difference in thromboembolic events or other postoperative complications, like surgical wound issues, pneumonia, heterotopic ossification, and sciatic nerve injuries, between the TXA and control groups.

Conclusion:

TXA did not demonstrate a significant benefit in reducing perioperative bleeding or complications in patients treated with ORIF for acetabular and pelvic fractures. The utilization of TXA in such clinical scenarios remains a topic necessitating further rigorous investigation to delineate its role in this clinical setting.
Rupture of fetal membrane in ectopic tubal pregnancy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Zhang Chun
Published: September 2024

Rationale:

Ruptured tubal pregnancies occurring in the second trimester are rare; yet, they pose a critical risk of life-threatening hemorrhage. This study aims to highlight the importance of timely surgical intervention in such cases to prevent fatal outcomes. The case underscores the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that arise when distinguishing between tubal and abdominal pregnancies, particularly in the presence of hemoperitoneum, which can obscure imaging results.

Patient Concerns:

We present a case involving the spontaneous rupture of a tubal pregnancy at 15 weeks and 3 days of gestation. The patient exhibited elevated beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels. Initial transabdominal ultrasound suggested an abdominal pregnancy, and computed tomography scans supported these findings.

Diagnoses and Interventions:

Urgent midline laparotomy revealed the condition to be a tubal pregnancy, contrary to initial imaging. The surgical procedure included the removal of the gestational sac and the affected fallopian tube, followed by abdominal closure. Hemoperitoneum was noted to compromise the accuracy of imaging modalities, complicating the preoperative diagnosis.

Outcomes:

Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of tubal pregnancy. The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged 7 days post-surgery with stable hemoglobin levels.

Lessons:

This case underscores the importance of considering the differential diagnosis of abdominal versus tubal pregnancy in the presence of hemoperitoneum, due to their differing clinical management needs. It offers insights that may guide clinicians in the timely diagnosis and treatment of advanced tubal pregnancies, where prompt surgical intervention is critical.
Postoperative hungry bone syndrome in primary hyperparathyroidism: A case report
Authors: Li Bin , Lv XiaoXu , Li XiaoMing , Hou XiaoZhi , Xu FengLei
Published: September 2024

Rationale:

Hungry bone syndrome (HBS) is a forgotten and underdiagnosed cause. Postoperative HBS refers to patients with high bone turnover before surgery, but after surgery, the inhibition of osteoclast resorption by intact parathyroid hormone suddenly decreases, resulting in a sudden increase in the amount of calcium resorbed by the bone, and a rapid, severe and persistent hypocalcemia, which may be accompanied by hypophosphatemia and hypomagnesemia. We present a case with information about HBS and related complications after parathyroidectomy (PTX).

Patient concerns:

The patient was a 57-year-old woman who presented to the hospital with “pain in both ankles for more than 3 years and in both knees for more than 2 years.”

Diagnoses:

A parathyroid mass was found preoperative. Unilateral resection of the lesion was performed under general anesthesia. On gross examination, the mass was reddish brown in color, about 2.9 × 2.5 × 2.3 cm, with abundant blood supply. Postoperative pathology diagnosed parathyroid adenoma.

Interventions:

The patient was diagnosed with HBS on day 3 post-PTX, which lasted for 9 days.

Outcomes:

After active calcium supplementation and other pharmacological interventions, her test parameters gradually returned to normal and she was discharged on the 13th day after surgery.

Lessons:

Using the case of a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism with HBS lasting 9 days after PTX for diagnosis and management, we aimed to summarize possible predictors and perioperative management strategies to reduce the incidence, severity, and duration of postoperative HBS.
Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Teng Lin , Li Lei , Cui Dinglu , An Rongxian , Jin Jingchun
Published: September 2024

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) as 2 types of autoimmune diseases are frequently concomitant, and Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied in this study to assess the causal relationship between them. In this study, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was used as the instrumental variable for Mendelian analysis, and the SNP data of GCA and PMR were obtained from the FinnGen Biobank databases. SNPs are significantly correlated with GCA and PMR and were screened based on preset thresholds. Inverse variance weighted analysis was used as the main analysis, supplemented with MR-Egger and weighted median. The evidence of the impact of GCA on PMR risk was found in inverse variance weighted results (odds ratio, 1.22 [95% confidence interval, 1.11–1.34]; P < .01), and the evidence of the impact of PMR on GCA risk has also been found (odds ratio, 1.58 [95% confidence interval, 1.28–1.96]; P < .01). Finally, the stability and reliability of the results were tested using the retention method, heterogeneity test, and horizontal gene pleiotropy test. MR analysis indicates that GCA increases the risk of PMR and PMR is an important risk factor for GCA, with a causal relationship. The potential value of reasonable management of PMR in patients with GCA has received high attention. In addition, novel GCA therapeutics may be indicated for PMR, and it is a potential for further investigation.
Comparison of the effects of dry needling and spinal manipulative therapy versus spinal manipulative therapy alone on functional disability and endurance in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain: An experimental study
Authors: Khan Kashmala , Ahmad Ashfaq , Mohseni Bandpei Muhammad Ali , Kashif Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Background:

Low back pain (LBP) is a global musculoskeletal ailment. Over the past few years, dry needling (DN) has garnered interest from both physical therapists and patients. Physical therapy commonly employs spinal manipulation to alleviate persistent LBP and other musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of spinal manipulation alone and in combination with DN on functional disability and endurance in individuals suffering from chronic nonspecific LBP.

Methods:

Patients of both genders who had chronic nonspecific LBP and who had not received physical therapy within the last 3 months were included in this single-blind, randomized controlled trial using purposive sampling. All participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental (SMT + DN) or control (SMT alone) group using computer-generated random numbers. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. For between-group comparisons, the Mann–Whitney U test was used. A P-value < .05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.

Results:

The analysis of the difference between the 2 groups revealed that the mean ± standard deviation (SD) for the SMT alone group was 16.09 ± 3.963 at baseline and 12.66 ± 3.801 at 8 weeks, whereas for the DN + ST group, it was 13.67 ± 3.904 at baseline and 10.92 ± 3.534 at 8 weeks, with a P-value of .003. Thus, the RMDQ score improved gradually in both groups, and the mean endurance score reported for the ST group was 2.5 to 4.5, while that reported for the DN + ST group was 3.1 to 5.1.

Conclusion:

The results of this study showed that both therapies effectively reduced LBP. When comparing the effects of spinal manipulation alone to those of spinal manipulation combined with DN, the latter showed significantly greater benefits.
Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress to prevent complex regional pain syndrome type 1
Authors: Dinç Mustafa , Soydemir Ömer Cevdet
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in preventing complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1) by reducing proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers in patients with distal radius fractures. A retrospective single-center study at Bursa City Hospital involves patients over 50 years of age with distal radius fractures treated between January 2021 and December 2023. A total of 60 patients (mean age, 62.8 ± 5.1 years; 26 males and 34 females) were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the NAC group (31 patients receiving 600-mg NAC daily for 3 months) and the control group (29 patients with no prophylactic medication). CRPS-1 diagnosis was based on Budapest criteria during multiple follow-up visits. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured at baseline and study end point. CRPS-1 positive patients had significantly higher levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1 (P < .001 for all), higher TOS (P < .001) and oxidative stress index (P < .001), and lower TAS (P < .001) compared with CRPS-1 negatives. The incidence of CRPS-1 was significantly lower in the NAC group (9.7%) compared with the control group (31.0%; P = .039). Logistic regression indicated a 78% reduction in CRPS-1 odds ratio with NAC treatment (odds ratio, 0.219 [95% confidence interval, 0.053–0.895]; P = .0322). NAC significantly reduced end-point levels and changes in IL-6 (P < .001), TNF-α (P < .001), and IL-1 (P = .038) and improved oxidative stress markers, showing higher TAS (P < .001), lower TOS (P < .001), and oxidative stress index (P < .001) compared with controls. NAC significantly reduced the risk of developing CRPS-1 by decreasing levels of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. This study highlights NAC’s potential as a preventive treatment for CRPS-1 and emphasizes the importance of early intervention.
Discussion on the relationship between the distribution characteristics of TCM syndrome types and related objective indicators in hepatolenticular degeneration
Authors: Zhang Shuning , Cao Shijian , Chen Yonghua , Zhang Bo , Yang Ji
Published: September 2024

Hepatolenticular degeneration is a rare treatable autosomal recessive inherited copper metabolism disorder with a diverse clinical phenotype and an exceptionally complex pathogenesis. Early definitive phenotypic diagnosis and targeted treatment are major challenges worldwide. In this study, we strictly followed the “National Standards of the People’s Republic of China - Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment (Syndrome Part),” “Chinese Medicine Nomenclature,” and the clinical investigation-determined traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation standards at Anhui University of Chinese Medicine to select 6 of the most common traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiations. This study retrospectively analyzed 107 patients admitted between 2019 and 2023 with Wilson’s disease based on real-world data. After testing for normal distribution and homogeneity of variance, corresponding analysis of variance was selected, followed by post hoc multiple comparisons. Of the selected 25 objective influencing factors, 22 exhibited normal distribution, while red blood cells, hemoglobin, and type IV collagen did not pass the homogeneity of variance test. After analysis of variance, the factors ceruloplasmin (CP) and copper oxidase (SCO) showed significant differences among patients with different traditional Chinese medicine syndromes (P < .05), with partial η
2 for CP being 0.13 > 0.06 and for SCO being 0.143 > 0.14. Post hoc multiple comparison results indicated significant differences in CP and SCO among patients with certain traditional Chinese medicine syndromes (P < .05). There were significant differences in the factors CP and SCO among patients with different traditional Chinese medicine syndromes. Significant differences were observed in the copper blue protein factor between damp-heat syndrome and liver and kidney deficiency syndrome, liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome, liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and phlegm heat and wind syndrome, as well as liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis (P < .05). Significant differences were also found in the SCO factor between damp-heat syndrome and liver and kidney deficiency syndrome, liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome, liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and phlegm heat and wind syndrome, and liver and kidney deficiency syndrome and syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis (P < .05).
The effect of multiple single cannulation technique on complications of arteriovenous fistulae: A meta-analysis
Authors: Shu Peng , Wang Xia , Wen Zhuping , Li Chenchen , Luo Yiqi , Xu Fang
Published: September 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the effect of multiple single cannulation technique on the complications of arteriovenous fistula.

Methods:

A comprehensive literature search was conducted to investigate the impact of multiple single cannulation technique on the complications of arteriovenous fistula. The search was performed in both Chinese and English databases including Wanfang Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Vip, Pubmed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library, with a search period up to December 20, 2023. Following literature screening and data extraction, the quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Bias Assessment Tool for Randomized Controlled Trials. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager version 5.3.

Results:

Thirteen papers, totaling 1299 patients, were included in the analysis. The experimental group consisted of 646 patients, while the control group had 595 patients. The meta-analysis revealed that the multiple single cannulation technique was more effective than rope ladder cannulation and buttonhole cannulation in reducing the incidence of angiomas (odds ratio [OR] = 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.10–0.35), stenosis (OR = 0.22; 95% CI 0.13–0.39), thrombosis (OR = 0.17; 95% CI = 0.07–0.39), and blood seepage (OR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.08–0.21) of arteriovenous fistulas (P < .05). Additionally, it was found to increase the success rate of nurses’ single cannulation (OR = 4.20; 95% CI = 1.78–9.95) of arteriovenous fistulas (P < .05).

Conclusion:

Multiple single cannulation technique could effectively reduce the incidence of complications of arteriovenous fistula, improve the success rate of cannulation, prolong the life span of arteriovenous fistula, and prolong the survival cycle of hemodialysis patients.
Effect of long-term pharmacological treatments on Alzheimer disease: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Deng Xiaoyan , Li Daishun
Published: September 2024

Background:

To analyze and compare the pharmacological treatments for Alzheimer disease (AD), we will conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis focusing on their efficacy and safety over a duration exceeding 1 year.

Methods:

We searched the databases of PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and CNKI until July 30, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating pharmacological treatments for AD.

Results:

Seventeen RCTs, comprising 7214 participants, investigated the efficacy of the following drugs: Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Galantamine, Memantine, Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb), Atorvastatin-calcium and Vitamin B in the treatment of AD. The network meta-analysis resulted indicated that placebo demonstrated greater effectiveness compared to Atorvastatin-calcium 80 mg (mean different [MD] = ‐6.93, confidence interval [CI] −11.57, −2.29) and Rivastigmine 12 mg (MD = ‐3.33, CI −6.56, −0.09). EGb120 mg exhibited a greater improvement in cognition compared to Atorvastatin-calcium 80 mg (MD = 7.77, CI 2.07, 13.46) and Rivastigmine 12 mg + EGb120 mg (MD = 9.92, CI 1.32, 17.22). EGb 120 mg emerged as the most efficient intervention for cognition, while placebo demonstrated the least harm over a period exceeding 1 year.

Conclusions:

In this network meta-analysis of studies of patients with AD and a follow-up period of at least 1 year, EGb 120 mg demonstrated cognitive benefits, while placebo posed the least harm for AD. More RCTs are required to address the uncertainty surrounding the efficacy of medication.
Critical care in older adults: Research landscape and hotspots from a bibliometric perspective
Authors: Du Zhe , Li Fang , Wang Tianbing
Published: September 2024

As the population ages, there will be an increasing demand for health care resources, particularly in intensive care. Therefore, critically ill older adults are receiving increasing attention and have been extensively studied. However, the research landscape, dynamic patterns, and emerging topics in this area have scarcely been reviewed. This study aimed to delve into the current status and emerging trends (publication volume and research topics) in critical care for older adults (including interventions, outcomes, and complications) using bibliometric analysis. We retrieved original articles and reviews focusing on critical care for older adults published between 2013 and 2022 from the Web of Science core database. To examine and present the research trends, we employed VOSviewer and CiteSpace software for analysis and visualization. The cooperative network of countries and institutions, cocited authorship network, cocited references, and cooccurrence network of keywords were analyzed. Overall, 6356 articles and reviews published between 2013 and 2022 were analyzed, revealing a noticeable upward trend in the number of publications focused on critical care for older adults. In total, 34,654 authors from 7989 institutions across 131 countries collaborated to publish 6356 papers related to critical care for older adults in 1715 academic journals. The United States of America and China were the top contributors in terms of research studies, while Bertrand Guidet was the most prolific author with the highest number of articles. A dual-map overlay of the literature revealed that research papers published in Molecular/Biology/Genetics and Health/Nursing/Medicine journals were frequently referenced in Medicine/Medical/Clinical journals. Older patients with coronavirus disease 2019, delirium, and frailty were new trends and developing areas of interest. This is the first bibliometric study focusing on critical care in older adults. The research topics indicate that a comprehensive geriatric assessment, tailored interventions, and specific therapeutic algorithms among older adults are recommended to improve outcomes. Furthermore, this study provides valuable insights for clinical decision-making, guideline development, and resource allocation in critical care settings.
Immunization strategies for individuals with sickle cell anemia: A narrative review
Authors: Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Obeagu Getrude Uzoma
Published: September 2024

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hereditary blood disorder characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin, leading to the formation of sickle-shaped red blood cells. These distorted cells can obstruct blood flow, causing vaso-occlusive crises and increasing the risk of severe infections due to functional asplenia and immune system dysregulation. Immunization is a crucial strategy to mitigate infection-related complications in individuals with SCA, necessitating a comprehensive and tailored vaccination approach. Current immunization guidelines for individuals with SCA recommend a combination of standard and additional vaccines to address their heightened susceptibility to infections. Key vaccines include pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13) and polysaccharide (PPSV23) vaccines, meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY) and serogroup B (MenB) vaccines, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine, annual influenza vaccine, and hepatitis A and B vaccines. These vaccinations aim to provide broad protection against pathogens that pose significant risks to patients with SCA. Despite generally adequate immune responses, the variability in vaccine efficacy due to immune dysfunction necessitates booster doses and additional vaccinations. This narrative review highlights the importance of adhering to current immunization recommendations and addresses challenges such as access to care, vaccine hesitancy, and monitoring vaccination status.
Comparison of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy localization and CT-guided percutaneous localization in resection of lung nodules: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Yan , Shen Shuijun , Wang Canyun , Zhou Qiaojuan , Jing Qifeng
Published: September 2024

Background:

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety between electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB) and computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous localization before resection of pulmonary nodules.

Methods:

Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 1, 2000 to April 30, 2022, for relevant studies. Two reviewers conducted the search, selection, and extraction of data from eligible studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The primary outcome was the localization success rate, and the secondary outcomes were the pneumothorax incidence and localization time. The meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.4. The protocol for the meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (Registration number: CRD42022345972).

Results:

Five cohort studies comprising 441 patients (ENB group: 185, CT group: 256) were analyzed. Compared with the CT-guided group, the ENB-guided group was associated with lower pneumothorax incidence (relative ratio = 0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04–0.65, P = .01). No significant differences were found in location success rates (relative ratio = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.98–1.05, P = .38) and localization time (mean difference = 0.99, 95% CI: −5.73 to 7.71, P = .77) between the ENB group and CT group.

Conclusion:

Both ENB and CT-guided are valuable technologies in localizing lung nodules before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery based on current investigations. ENB achieved a lower pneumothorax rate than the CT-guided group. In our opinion, there is no perfect method, and decision-making should be given the actual circumstances of each institute. Future prospective studies in the form of a randomized trial are needed to confirm their clinical value.
Identification of hepatic metastasis from an unrevealed adenoid cystic carcinoma by PET/CT: A case report
Authors: Liang Ze , Ding Yi , Sui He , Wu Mei , Jin Yongmin , Wen Weibo
Published: September 2024

Rationale:

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the salivary glands, with few reports of metastasis to the liver in the literature. We present a case where an isolated hepatic lesion of adenoid cystic carcinoma was identified using18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT).

Patient concerns:

A 76-year-old male experienced abdominal pain and underwent an enhanced CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed a liver mass. Subsequent18F-FDG PET/CT identified hypermetabolic lesions in both the left and right lobes of the liver, suggesting malignancy, with no other abnormalities detected.

Diagnoses:

A liver biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Interventions:

No intervention.

Outcomes:

Following confirmation of the diagnosis, the patient chose to discontinue treatment and was discharged.

Lessons:

Hepatic metastasis from adenoid cystic carcinoma may be detected before the identification of the primary lesion.18F-FDG PET/CT plays a critical role in differentiating benign from malignant liver tumors, selecting potential biopsy sites, and assessing the extent of metastatic disease.
Bidirectional Mendelian randomization explores the causal relationship between dietary habits and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Xu Wantong , Ouyang Minghe , Peng Dan , Jiang Zhongbiao
Published: September 2024

Epidemiological and other studies have shown that the occurrence and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are closely related to diet. To further explore the causal association between dietary habits and RA, we performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The dataset related to dietary habits is from genome-wide association studies, including 143 dietary habits. The dataset of RA is from the FinnGen database. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, simple mode, weighted median, and weighted mode were used for the 2-sample, 2-way MR analysis. At the same time, a variety of pleiotropic and heterogeneity tests were used to ensure the accuracy of the results. IVW results show that among current drinkers (drinks usually with meals yes + it varies vs no) was positively correlated with RA (β, 0.563 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.286–0.840]; P = 6.7 × 10−5). Spread type (low fat spread vs any other) was negatively correlated with RA (β, −2.536 [95% CI, −3.725 to −1.346]; P = 2.9 × 10−5). In addition, the reverse MR results showed that RA was positively correlated with milk type (skimmed vs any other; β, 0.006 [95% CI, 0.000–0.011]; P = 4.5 × 10−2). RA was positively correlated with spread type (tub margarine vs never; β, 0.016 [95% CI, 0.002–0.029]; P = 2.5 × 10−2). The results of pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests showed that there was no pleiotropy (P > .05) in the obtained results. The analysis results of MR-Egger, simple mode, weighted median, and weighted mode are consistent with our IVW results. This study reveals a potential association between specific dietary habits and RA. Among current drinkers (drinks usually with meals yes + it varies vs no) was positively correlated with RA. Spread type (low fat spread vs any other) was negatively correlated with RA. RA was positively correlated with milk type (skimmed vs any other) and spread type (tub margarine vs never).
Metabolomics for hematologic malignancies: Advances and perspective
Authors: Li Xinglan , Xu Mengyu , Chen Yanying , Zhai Yongqing , Li Junhong , Zhang Ning , Yin Jiawei , Wang Lijuan
Published: September 2024

With the use of advanced technology, metabolomics allows for a thorough examination of metabolites and other small molecules found in biological specimens, blood, and tissues. In recent years, metabolomics has been recognized that is closely related to the development of malignancies in the hematological system. Alterations in metabolomic pathways and networks are important in the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies and can also provide a theoretical basis for early diagnosis, efficacy evaluation, accurate staging, and individualized targeted therapy. In this review, we summarize the progress of metabolomics, including glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism in lymphoma, myeloma, and leukemia through specific mechanisms and pathways. The research of metabolomics gives a new insight and provides therapeutic targets for the treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies.
Awareness of insomnia caused by coffee consumption among adults in Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Chandika Rama M. , Elfaki Fatima A. , Alsayegh Abdulrahman A. , Khalafalla Husameldin E. , Alsayed Emadaldeen A. , Hadi Hussin M. , Alhazmy Nasser M. , Aqili Fahed A. , Al-Hadi Ahmed H.
Published: September 2024

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the second largest country in the Arabian Peninsula and ranks 61st out of 150 countries in terms of coffee consumption. Excessive coffee consumption is associated with the risk of adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to assess awareness of the effects of coffee consumption and its relationship with insomnia among the adult population in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 431 adults in the Jazan region. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the participants using an online survey. Data were analyzed using Statistical Program for the Social Sciences, Version 24.0. Of 431 participants, 377 (87.5%) consumed coffee. Females and married women consumed more coffee than their counterparts (91.3%, P < .01; 92.8%, P < .05; respectively), while students consumed coffee (85.2%) less than both the employed and unemployed (P < .05). The proportion of consumption increased from underweight (79.7%) to normal weight (88.5%), and as high as 91.3% among overweight/obese (P < .05). More than one-third of the participants (35.5%) preferred drinking coffee at coffee shops. The most preferred coffee was Arabic coffee (40%), and the major reason for drinking coffee was to change their mood (29.7%). More than half of the participants (54.5%) reported that coffee caused insomnia (P < .01). Awareness-raising initiatives for the negative effects of excessive coffee consumption are important. Longitudinal studies are required in the next stage of research to identify trends such as the motivations and profiles of Saudi coffee drinkers.
Impact of dry eye disease on psychological symptoms among Chinese doctoral students studying abroad
Authors: Sun Lei , Wang Tao , Gao Jie , Yang Gaoyuan
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of dry eye disease (DED) on depression, anxiety, and stress among Chinese doctoral students studying abroad. This is a cross-sectional study. This study enrolled 185 Chinese doctoral students pursuing education in the Philippines. DED was assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index, while psychological symptoms were evaluated using the abbreviated version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 questionnaire. A survey encompassing demographic information, potential DED risk factors, and individual habits was also administered. Of the 185 students, 129 completed the survey, of which 40 (31.0%) were male and 89 (69.0%) were female. The average age was 36.3 ± 7.0 (mean ± SD; range, 22–57) years. The prevalence of DED, depression, anxiety, and stress was 73.6% (95/129), 43.4% (56/129), 50.4% (65/129), and 22.5% (29/129), respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that aging (P < .001), prolonged visual display terminal (VDT) use (P = .004), extended paperwork time (P < .001), higher depression score (P = .006), higher anxiety score (P < .001), and higher stress score (P < .001) were associated with increased influence of DED. After adjusting for age, duration of VDT use, duration of paperwork, and depression score, age (P = .030) had significant association with DED. Additionally, after adjusting for age, duration of VDT use, duration of paperwork, and anxiety score, age (P = .026) and anxiety score (P = .047) were significantly associated with DED. Moreover, after adjusting for age, duration of VDT use, duration of paperwork, and stress score, age (P = .035) and stress score (P = .028) showed significant associations with DED. In the multivariate analysis of variance, there was a significant impact of DED severity classification on psychological distress (V = 0.19, F(9, 375) = 2.83, P = .003). Univariate analysis of variances indicated that DED severity had a significant impact on anxiety F(3, 125) = 6.06, P = .001 and stress F(3, 125) = 3.00, P = .033. A higher influence of DED was related to stress and anxiety. Anxiety and stress levels increase with the severity of DED.
Sedentary and 21 gastrointestinal disorders: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lin Yunzhi , He Jun , Ding Zhen
Published: September 2024

Sedentary behavior (SB) has been linked in the past by observational studies to gastrointestinal illnesses, although the exact cause of the link is still unknown. To deal with this problem, we carried out a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to thoroughly examine the connection between SB and common gastrointestinal illnesses. We selected instrumental variables representing the SB from the UK Biobank study, including watching television viewing, playing computer, and driving. In addition, we obtained genetic associations of 21 common gastrointestinal disorders from the FinnGen research. After adjusting for common risk factors associated with gastrointestinal diseases, we analyzed the independent association between genetic. Furthermore, we used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method in conjunction with complementing techniques like MR-Egger (Mendelian randomization based on Egger Regression) and weighted median to assure the accuracy and dependability of the results. Our findings suggest that genetic susceptibility to prolonged television viewing is significantly associated with an increased risk of 9 out of 21 gastrointestinal disorders. Specifically, these disorders include gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic gastritis, cholelithiasis, acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, gastroduodenal ulcer, fatty liver, irritable bowel syndrome, and acute appendicitis. These associations remained significant even after correcting for potential confounding factors. The replication analysis confirms the same conclusion. The results of this study demonstrate a causal relationship between cachexia and genetically predicted SB. To further understand the underlying pathogenic mechanisms at play, more study is required.
Clinical characteristics and predictors of benign portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis: A retrospective single-center study
Authors: Arabpour Erfan , Hatami Behzad , Pasharavavesh Leila , Rabbani Amir Hassan , Zarean Shahraki Saba , Amiri Mahmoud , Zali Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2024

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common thrombotic complication of cirrhosis. It can lead to variceal bleeding and bowel ischemia and also complicate liver transplantation. Identifying the possible risk factors associated with PVT can aid in identifying patients at high risk, enabling their screening and potentially preventing PVT through the rational use of anticoagulants. This study focuses on examining the clinical characteristics of PVT in cirrhotic patients and identifying the clinical and biochemical factors that are linked to the development of PVT. Consecutive hospitalized cirrhotic patients between 2015 and 2023 were identified through the hospital’s computerized medical records based on the Tenth Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) coding system and retrospectively analyzed. 928 individuals were included in this study; 783 (84.3%) without PVT and 145 (15.7%) with benign PVT. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was significantly more common in the PVT group (P-value = .02), while alcohol and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) were less common in this group (P-value = .01 and .02, respectively). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (P-value < .01), ascites (P-value = .01), and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) (P-value = .02) were more common in the PVT group. Patients with PVT had a higher international normalized ratio (INR) level (P-value = .042) and lower plasma albumin (P-value = .01). No differences were identified in white blood cell, hemoglobin, platelet, and bilirubin levels. However, patients with PVT had higher model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) (P-value = .01) and Child-Pugh scores (P-value = .03). This study demonstrated a higher likelihood of PVT presence in cirrhotic patients with advanced age, HBV, and HCC, along with ascites, SBP, splenomegaly, hypoalbuminemia, elevated INR, and a higher MELD score. Nevertheless, additional research endeavors are necessary to accurately ascertain and validate supplementary risk factors within a broader demographic.
Quality and reliability analysis of migraine Botox treatment information on YouTube
Authors: Karacan Gölen Meltem , Işik Şaziye Melike
Published: September 2024

YouTube (YT) is one of the world’s most well recognized video-sharing platforms that appeals to large audiences and is used by individuals to educate themselves on disease diagnosis and treatment alternatives and to distribute health-related information. Videos were searched by typing the terms “migraine botox” and “botox treatment for migraine” on the YT search bar in English. A total of 50 videos were evaluated for each term. Two independent researchers viewed the videos and documented pertinent descriptive attributes of each video, such as the upload date, number of comments, number of dislikes, number of likes, and views. The videos were analyzed and the DISCERN Global Quality Scale (GQS), Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) quality, and reliability scores were recorded. A total of 100 videos were assessed. The mean DISCERN score was 3.09, the mean JAMA score was 2.11, and the mean GQS score was 3.25. According to the source, 32% of the videos were uploaded by university/nonprofit physicians or professional organizations. In addition, when the DISCERN, GQS, and JAMA scores of the videos uploaded by health professionals were examined, a statistically significant difference was observed (P = .002, P = .015, and P = .002, respectively). However, no statistically significant relationship was found for the Video Popularity Index score. The reliability and quality scores of the evaluated videos uploaded by healthcare professionals for migraine Botox treatment were high, but the frequency of viewership was low. In our analysis of migraine Botox treatment videos on YT, we observed that the information on migraine Botox treatment had a wide spectrum, high-quality content, and that there were videos that may mislead viewers. In conclusion, we believe that the platform is not sufficient in its entirety, and that it should be supported with renewed, fact-checked, easy-to-understand language, and video-duration optimized videos.
Red stripe on left forearm after stung by fish gill: A case report
Authors: Yu Ching-Hsiang , Su Yu-Jang
Published: September 2024

Rationale:

Acute infectious lymphangitis represents a common complication of cellulitis, typically attributed to streptococcal infections after damaged skin integrity.

Patient concern:

This is a 51-year-old woman with a medical history of relapsing polychondritis, managed with steroid and methotrexate therapy in the outpatient department. She presented with a progressive redness and swelling of the left hand, accompanied by purulent discharge, persisting for 5 days. The patient had sustained a small cutting wound from the gill of a narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) while cooking previously

Diagnosis:

Lymphangitis and cellulitis of the left forearm were diagnosed. A distinctive red streak was identified on the skin covering the palmaris longus muscle, consistent with the anatomical course of the median forearm lymphatic channel.

Interventions:

The patient received empirical intravenous ciprofloxacin (400 mg every 12 hours) and was subsequently admitted to the infectious disease ward. During hospitalization, the antibiotic regimen was adjusted to ceftazidime on the fourth day (2 g every 8 hours). The redness and swelling in the hand and arm gradually improved, and her blood culture showed no bacteria growth

Outcomes:

She was recovered and discharged on the seventh day with a prescription for oral clindamycin (150 mg every 6 hours).

Lessons:

A red stripe along the lymphatic route indicates acute lymphangitis and requires hospitalization for parenteral antibiotics.
The prognostic value of bioinformatics analysis of ECM receptor signaling pathways and LAMB1 identification as a promising prognostic biomarker of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Tingjun , Liu Jing , Chen Quangang , Wu Lianlian , Zhang Lingzhi , Qiao Dandan , Huang Zhutao , Lu Tianyuan , Hu Ankang , Wang Jie
Published: September 2024

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex and dynamic network of cross-linked proteins and a fundamental building block in multicellular organisms. Our study investigates the impact of genes related to the ECM receptor interaction pathway on immune-targeted therapy and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) prognosis. This study obtained LUAD chip data (GSE68465, GSE31210, and GSE116959) from NCBI GEO. Moreover, the gene data associated with the ECM receptor interaction pathway was downloaded from the Molecular Signature Database. Differentially expressed genes were identified using GEO2R, followed by analyzing their correlation with immune cell infiltration. Univariate Cox regression analysis screened out ECM-related genes significantly related to the survival prognosis of LUAD patients. Additionally, Lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis helped construct a prognostic model. Patients were stratified by risk score and survival analyses. The prognostic models were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, and risk scores and prognosis associations were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. A core gene was selected for gene set enrichment analysis and CIBERSORT analysis to determine its function and tumor-infiltrating immune cell proportion, respectively. The results revealed that the most abundant pathways among differentially expressed genes in LUAD primarily involved the cell cycle, ECM receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, p53 signaling pathway, complement and coagulation cascade, and tyrosine metabolism. Two ECM-associated subtypes were identified by consensus clustering. Besides, an ECM-related prognostic model was validated to predict LUAD survival, and it was associated with the tumor immune microenvironment. Additional cross-analysis screened laminin subunit beta 1 (LAMB1) for further research. The survival time of LUAD patients with elevated LAMB1 expression was longer than those with low LAMB1 expression. Gene set enrichment analysis and CIBERSORT analyses revealed that LAMB1 expression correlated with tumor immune microenvironment. In conclusion, a prognostic model of LUAD patients depending on the ECM receptor interaction pathway was constructed. Screening out LAMB1 can become a prognostic risk factor for LUAD patients or a potential target during LUAD treatment.
Optimizing adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction storage: Temperature and time impact on cell viability in regenerative medicine
Authors: Jović Darko , Preradović Ljubiša , Jović Filip , Kremenović Mićo , Lukić Darko , Antonić Milica , Unčanin Nikola , Jović Matija
Published: September 2024

Background:

The adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) plays a crucial role in regenerative medicine owing to its regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. However, the effective utilization of SVF in therapeutic applications requires careful consideration of storage conditions to maintain cell viability.

Methods:

We conducted a research on 43 patients of different ages and sexes who were older than 18 years. This study explored the impact of different temperatures (‐80, ‐20, and 4 °C) on SVF storage in platelet-poor plasma for 1 and 6 months. SVF extracted using a semi-UNISTATION™ system was subjected to rigorous analysis of cell count and viability using a LUNA-STEM™ Dual Fluorescence Cell Counter.

Results:

The results indicated a significant correlation between the storage conditions and SVF viability. Notably, storing SVF at 4 °C demonstrated the highest cell viability and count, while ‐80 °C storage exhibited the least favorable outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of minimizing storage time to preserve SVF viability, as evidenced by a decline in both cell count and viability over a 6-month period. Comparisons with the existing literature underscore the need for precise protocols for SVF storage, with considerations for temperature and cryoprotective agents. These findings provide valuable insights for developing optimal SVF storage protocols to enhance therapeutic outcomes and reduce the need for repeated adipose tissue harvesting. Despite the limitations of the study, such as the use of a cell counter instead of flow cytometry, the results establish the foundation for further research on refining SVF storage methods.

Conclusion:

The ideal storage temperature is from 4 °C, while the length of storage time inversely affects the viability of SVF; the longer the storage time, the lower the number and the viability of SVF cells, regardless of the temperature at which they are preserved.