bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On The East-West Trade in Skill Intensive Tasks: Theory vs. Evidence
Authors: Burnete Sorin
Published: April 2017

In keeping with an already entrenched paradigm, international trade in tasks exerts upward pressure upon skilled workers’ wages in both home and host countries. Yet certain empirical evidence from intra-European trade shows that sometimes things occur in reverse, that is high skilled workers’ wages in home countries may decline as a result of offshoring, an outcome that looks like an inverse “maquiladora effect”. I try to show that such deviations do not fly in the face of mainstream theory but rather, they reflect the different conditions under which offshoring is performed today as compared to the ones prevailing two decades ago.
Social and Cultural Barriers in Translation
Authors: Ukpong Dominica E.
Published: April 2017

There are barriers that translation must scale through to be effective, some of which are social and cultural. Social and cultural differences exist between and amongst nations. In most cases too, we find a country having several social/cultural diversities. These differences impede, in one way or the other, effective translation because of varying conceptions of reality occasioned by languages. This article examines some of the barriers that arise in the course of translation as a result of social/cultural factors. Bringing these barriers into the foray of discussion will also serve as a way of avoiding them.
The Dynamic Relationship between Crime and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Adekoya Adenuga Fabian , Abdul Razak Nor Azam
Published: April 2017

Crime is a major impediment to economic growth and development in Nigeria despite measures taken to reduce it. There is, however, currently no major statistical analysis of how crime affects economic growth in that country. This study examines the link between crime and growth based on the theory of rational choice and empirical data. Exogenous and endogenous growth models are employed, and include deterrence variables. The period examined is 1970–2013 and estimation is done using the autoregressive distributed lag model. The results of our study show that crime affects economic growth at a 1% and 10% level of significance. In other words, crime imposes the costs of prosecution and punishment on the citizens and country, which influences the growth of the economy. Given our results, we suggest that police and the system of justice should be strengthened. Indeed, this may be necessary if the development target stated in Nigeria vision 20: 2020 is to be reached.
Antimony(III) and bismuth(III) complexes containing O- and N-chelating ligands: synthesis, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric studies
Authors: Kushwaha Ajeet Kumar , Meenakshi  , Jaiswal Nitesh , Singh Avadhesh Pratap , Dubey Raj Kumar
Published: April 2017

Reaction of SbCl
Anti-Perfectionism and Autonomy in an Imperfect World: Comments on Joseph Raz’s The Morality of Freedom 30 Years On
Authors: Christman John
Published: April 2017

There are numerous ways to conceptualize autonomy and to account for its value. Of particular poignancy is the question of whether autonomy has value for those people and cultures that apparently reject liberal principles, otherwise considered. The answer one gives to that question has implications for whether autonomy-based liberalism can or should be seen as a perfectionist political philosophy. I consider these issues by looking again at Joseph Raz’s influential account of autonomy and its relation to his liberal perfectionism. I defend a proceduralist, non-perfectionist account of autonomy that, I argue, improves on Raz’s original view but in ways that are in keeping with its general spirit.
Diversification of Farmland use in Bangladesh: Land Allocation Impacts on Farm Profitability
Authors: Palash Md. Salauddin , Bauer Siegfried
Published: April 2017

Smallholder farmers in Bangladesh face many difficulties. A trend towards fish farming has opened new opportunities in recent years. This research focuses on the concern, whether smallholders could improve their gross margins by improving the allocation of the available physical and non-physical resources. Combinations of the participatory, qualitative and quantitative methods were used for primary data collection. A linear programming based modelling approach shows that farmers can increase the farm gross margin by reallocating the land in the model solution. Essential requirements, e.g. determined by household consumption requirements, determine parts of the resource allocation. The remaining land is in tendency allocated to fish farming; where one specific fish farming alternative is dominant to others. In the scenario analysis, all farming groups keep the same proportion of land use pattern until a certain level of price change, beyond that crop farming is selected. Scenarios modifying the available fish feed show the significant sensitivity of this resource on the land allocation.
Difference between Written and Spoken Czech: The Case of Verbal Nouns Denoting an Action
Authors: Kolářová Veronika , Kolář Jan , Mikulová Marie
Published: April 2017

The present paper extends understanding of differences in expressing actions by verbal nouns in corpora of written vs. spoken Czech, namely in the Czech part of the Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank and in the Prague Dependency Treebank of Spoken Czech.

We show that while the written corpus includes more complex noun phrases with more explicit expression of adnominal participants, noun phrases in the spoken corpus contain more deletions and more exophoric references. We also carried out a quantitative analysis focusing on relative frequencies of combinations of participants modifying verbal nouns; although the written corpus shows higher relative frequencies, the order of the relative frequencies of particular combinations is the same in both types of communication.
Pterin function in bacteria
Authors: Feirer Nathan , Fuqua Clay
Published: April 2017

Pterins are widely conserved biomolecules that play essential roles in diverse organisms. First described as enzymatic cofactors in eukaryotic systems, bacterial pterins were discovered in cyanobacteria soon after. Several pterin structures unique to bacteria have been described, with conjugation to glycosides and nucleotides commonly observed. Despite this significant structural diversity, relatively few biological functions have been elucidated. Molybdopterin, the best studied bacterial pterin, plays an essential role in the function of the Moco cofactor. Moco is an essential component of molybdoenzymes such as sulfite oxidase, nitrate reductase, and dimethyl sulfoxide reductase, all of which play important roles in bacterial metabolism and global nutrient cycles. Outside of the molybdoenzymes, pterin cofactors play important roles in bacterial cyanide utilization and aromatic amino acid metabolism. Less is known about the roles of pterins in nonenzymatic processes. Cyanobacterial pterins have been implicated in phenotypes related to UV protection and phototaxis. Research describing the pterin-mediated control of cyclic nucleotide metabolism, and their influence on virulence and attachment, points to a possible role for pterins in regulation of bacterial behavior. In this review, we describe the variety of pterin functions in bacteria, compare and contrast structural and mechanistic differences, and illuminate promising avenues of future research.
Controlled release fertilizers using superabsorbent hydrogel prepared by gamma radiation
Authors: Elbarbary Ahmed M. , Ghobashy Mohamed Mohamady
Published: April 2017

Superabsorbent hydrogels (PVP/CMC) based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/carboxylmethyl cellulose (CMC) of different copolymer compositions were prepared by gamma radiation. Factors affecting the gel content (%) and the swelling ratio (g/g) of hydrogel such as irradiation dose as well as copolymer composition were investigated. With increasing the CMC content in PVP/CMC hydrogels, increases the swelling and improves the water retention capability. The high swelling ratio was observed at copolymer composition of PVP/CMC (60/40). Fast swelling of the hydrogels was obtained after 20 min. The effect of different fertilizers and buffers of different pH’s on equilibrium swelling of hydrogels was investigated. Fertilizers such as urea, monopotassium-phosphate (MPK), and nitrogen-phosphate-potassium (NPK) were loaded onto the hydrogel to supply nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous nutrients. PVP/CMC hydrogels retained 28–36% after 72 h and slow retention was noticed up to 9 days. The swelling of hydrogel in fertilizer solutions is lower than that in water. The hydrogels showed adsorption desorption of fertilizers which governs by slow release property. The release rate of urea is much higher 10 times than that of phosphate. After 3 days, urea released 60%, while phosphate released 10–12%. The applicability of PVP/CMC hydrogels in the agricultural fields shows greater growth effect on zea maize plants. The growth of zea maize plant in soil mixed with PVP/CMC hydrogels loaded fertilizers is greater than untreated soil. The slow release fertilize, the high swelling and the slow water retention behaviors of PVP/CMC hydrogels encourage their use as safer release systems for fertilizers and as soil conditioner in agricultural applications.
Radiocomplexation and bioevaluation of 99mTc nitrido-piracetam as a model for brain imaging
Authors: Sanad M. H. , Farouk N. , Fouzy A. S. M.
Published: April 2017

The aim of the work is to radiolabel a piracetam using [99mTc≡N]2+core in order to give a 99mTcN-labeled piracetam complex, that is expected to concentrate in brain organ by AMPA receptors. The complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity (>98.0) and maintained stability throughout the working period (8 h) using different quality controls. Biodistribution investigation showed that, the maximum uptake of the complex in the brain was 13.5±0.12% at 5 min post injection (p.i.) of the injected dose/g which retained till 2 h post-injection.
Reinforcing polypropylene with calcium carbonate of different morphologies and polymorphs
Authors: Jing Yanwei , Nai Xueying , Dang Li , Zhu Donghai , Wang Yabin , Dong Yaping , Li Wu
Published: April 2017

The influence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with different polymorphs (calcite and aragonite) and morphologies (granular and rod-like) on mechanical and crystallization properties of polypropylene (PP) was investigated. Meanwhile, these CaCO3 fillers coated with oleic acid were added in different contents to PP. The results indicate that the tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus, and crystallization property of the filler-treated samples are improved, but the impact strength decreased. The crystallinity of the composites is higher than that of neat PP. Moreover, in the rod shape filler-treated sample, in both whisker species, the mechanical properties of composites are superior to the particles filled. Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and mechanical tests display that calcite whisker-reinforced composite has higher crystallization enthalpy, melting enthalpy, degree of crystallinity, and mechanical properties than aragonite whiskers and calcite particles filled composites.
Considerations regarding athletic performance and spiritual performance perception
Authors: Nuț Stefan
Published: April 2017

This study has proposed to highlight the relevant aspects related to attitude, how to interpret and understanding sport performance and spiritual performance and values around them. The overall objective of the survey was to obtain data on people's perceptions of the spiritual and athletic performance and to formulate some conclusions. The specific objectives were: Identification of key elements of people's attitudes towards the researched topic. Identifying key issues about performance and image in the two areas. Study the quality of perceptions. Identification of indicators on educational features. In conclusion we have identified some key points about the image of athletic performance and spiritual performance. Most cognitive values and perceptions are dominated by visualization and verbalization attributes. We identified educational characteristics - perceptual experiences are formed, influenced and directed educational environments: family, community, school, church and media. Spiritual and sports performance have multiple implications, individual and social, which go beyond the strict environment in which the case and their perception may be a means of education and training. Trouble perception moral responsibility must be attributed primarily to educational environments and not as individuals.
Effects of calcium hydroxide and N-acetylcysteine on MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in LPS-stimulated macrophage cell lines
Authors: Aslantaş Eda Ezgi , Aksoy Yasemin , Akkaya Ulum Yeliz Zülfiye , Ceyhan Deniz , Peynircioglu Banu , Buzoğlu Hatice Doğan
Published: April 2017

Aim

This study was evaluated the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) on the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase -2, -9 (MMP-2, -9) and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase -1, -2 (TIMP-1, -2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human macrophages.

Methods

Human monocyte precursor cells (THP-1) were differentiated into macrophage-adherent cells and were stimulated with LPS for 24 h. Then individually incubated with NAC or Ca(OH)2 for 24, 48 and 72 h. Following incubation, protein expression and mRNA levels of MMP-2, -9 and TIMP-1, -2 were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Data were statistically analysed using two-way ANOVA, to followed by Bonferroni test at α=0.05.

Results

NAC significantly decreased mRNA expression and protein levels of MMP-9, while Ca(OH)2 decreased mRNA expression alone at 24 h. NAC and Ca(OH)2 decreased mRNA expression of MMP-2 at 24 h, while NAC increased this expression at 48 h. Although NAC and Ca(OH)2 decreased the mRNA expression of TIMP-1, -2 at 24 h, only NAC increased mRNA expression of TIMP-1 at 48 h.

Conclusion

At the early stages of inflammation, NAC and Ca(OH)2 have anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages.
Thierschstraße 41
Authors: Hoser Paul
Published: April 2017

Vorspann

Zwischen 1920 und 1929 wohnte Adolf Hitler als Untermieter der Familie Reichert im Haus Thierschstraße 41 im Münchner Stadtviertel Lehel. 1921 erwarb der jüdische Kaufmann Hugo Erlanger das Gebäude. Den Holocaust überlebte er nur, weil er mit einer Nichtjüdin verheiratet war. Nach dem Krieg beschrieb er das Verhältnis zu seinem prominenten Hausbewohner als freundlich und entspannt. Paul Hoser hat die Adresse, an der sich Hitlers politischer Aufstieg und ein jüdisches Schicksal kreuzten, genau in den Blick genommen und dabei neue Erkenntnisse über den sozialen Mikrokosmos des NSDAP-Führers, aber auch die Mühen der Münchner Restitutionspolitik gewonnen.
Local Ion Dynamics in Polycrystalline β-LiGaO2: A Solid-State NMR Study
Authors: Chandran C. Vinod , Volgmann Kai , Nakhal Suliman , Uecker Reinhard , Witt Elena , Lerch Martin , Heitjans Paul
Published: April 2017

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is an efficient technique to characterize dynamics and structure of materials. It has been widely used to elucidate ion dynamics in lithium ion conductors. Fast moving lithium ions are needed in energy storage devices, whereas slow ion motion is exploited in some materials used, for example, as blankets in fusion reactors. β-lithium gallium oxide (LiGaO2) is a slow Li+ ionic conductor similar to γ-lithium aluminum oxide (LiAlO2). In an ion conductor, in addition to the main diffusion process, localized motions (to-and-fro jumps) may be present. In the present work, with the help of solid-state NMR experiments, we report on the localized movements of Li+ ionic species in β-LiGaO2 in the temperature range between 300 K and 450 K. In this work, we have mainly extracted the peculiarities of ion dynamics from 7Li spin-alignment echo NMR measurements and the observation of the motional narrowing of the central transition signal of 7Li.
From “Actual Forces” to “Token Stimuli”
Authors: Dentinger Rachel Mason
Published: April 2017

The field of “coevolutionary studies” is the origin of many evocative stories in evolutionary biology, as well as a demonstration of the value of studying the ecological interactions of whole organisms and populations. This field exploded after the publication of “Butterflies and Plants: A Study in Coevolution,” a 1964 paper co-authored by entomologist Paul Ehrlich and botanist Peter Raven. However, this paper argues that the foundation for “Butterflies and Plants” was laid in the previous decades, in the work of economic entomologists, crop-plant breeders, and insect physiologists. Using the work of an influential insect physiologist, Gottfried S. Fraenkel, this paper examines the prehistory of coevolutionary studies, showing that practical research on insect feeding in the 1940s and 1950s transformed plant chemicals into active biological molecules—causal forces modeled on hormones. Insect physiologists were the first to study the effects of these molecules on insects. Yet, rather than redefining insect-plant interactions in terms of reductionist molecular causation, they sought a more integrative explanation. Not only did these insect biologists see plants as active participants in their ecological and evolutionary landscapes, but they also came to see evolutionary history as the “raison d’être” of plant molecules and insect feeding behavior. This paper expands our understanding of the generative role that physiology and molecular methods played in the development of concepts and practices in evolutionary biology. Furthermore, it contributes to a growing literature that undermines the historical division between proximate and ultimate causation in biology.
Cancer cell metabolism: the essential role of the nonessential amino acid, glutamine
Authors: Zhang Ji , Pavlova Natalya N , Thompson Craig B
Published: April 2017

Biochemistry textbooks and cell culture experiments seem to be telling us two different things about the significance of external glutamine supply for mammalian cell growth and proliferation. Despite the fact that glutamine is a nonessential amino acid that can be synthesized by cells from glucose‐derived carbons and amino acid‐derived ammonia, most mammalian cells in tissue culture cannot proliferate or even survive in an environment that does not contain millimolar levels of glutamine. Not only are the levels of glutamine in standard tissue culture media at least ten‐fold higher than other amino acids, but glutamine is also the most abundant amino acid in the human bloodstream, where it is assiduously maintained at approximately 0.5 mM through a combination of dietary uptake, de novo synthesis, and muscle protein catabolism. The complex metabolic logic of the proliferating cancer cells' appetite for glutamine—which goes far beyond satisfying their protein synthesis requirements—has only recently come into focus. In this review, we examine the diversity of biosynthetic and regulatory uses of glutamine and their role in proliferation, stress resistance, and cellular identity, as well as discuss the mechanisms that cells utilize in order to adapt to glutamine limitation.
Sex, BMI and age differences in metabolic syndrome: the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study
Authors: Slagter Sandra N , van Waateringe Robert P , van Beek André P , van der Klauw Melanie M , Wolffenbuttel Bruce H R , van Vliet-Ostaptchouk Jana V
Published: April 2017

Introduction

To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components within sex-, body mass index (BMI)- and age combined clusters. In addition, we used the age-adjusted blood pressure thresholds to demonstrate the effect on the prevalence of MetS and elevated blood pressure.

Subjects and methods

Cross-sectional data from 74,531 Western European participants, aged 18–79 years, were used from the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study. MetS was defined according to the revised NCEP-ATPIII. Age-adjusted blood pressure thresholds were defined as recommended by the eight reports of the Joint National Committee (≥140/90 mmHg for those aged <60 years, and ≥150/90 mmHg for those aged ≥60 years).

Results

19.2% men and 12.1% women had MetS. MetS prevalence increased with BMI and age. Independent of BMI, abdominal obesity dominated MetS prevalence especially in women, while elevated blood pressure was already highly prevalent among young men. Applying age-adjusted blood pressure thresholds resulted in a 0.2–11.9% prevalence drop in MetS and 6.0–36.3% prevalence drop in elevated blood pressure, within the combined sex, BMI and age clusters.

Conclusions

We observed a gender disparity with age and BMI for the prevalence of MetS and, especially, abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure. The strict threshold level for elevated blood pressure in the revised NCEP-ATPIII, results in an overestimation of MetS prevalence.
A MEN1 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour mouse model under temporal control
Authors: Lines K E , Vas Nunes R P , Frost M , Yates C J , Stevenson M , Thakker R V
Published: April 2017

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by occurrence of parathyroid tumours and neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) of the pancreatic islets and anterior pituitary. The MEN1 gene, encoding menin, is a tumour suppressor, but its precise role in initiating in vivo tumourigenesis remains to be elucidated. The availability of a temporally controlled conditional MEN1 mouse model would greatly facilitate the study of such early tumourigenic events, and overcome the limitations of other MEN1 knockout models, in which menin is lost from conception or tumour development occurs asynchronously. To generate a temporally controlled conditional mouse model, we crossbred mice with the MEN1 gene floxed by LoxP sites (Men1L/L), and mice expressing tamoxifen-inducible Cre recombinase under the control of the rat insulin promoter (RIP2-CreER), to establish a pancreatic β-cell-specific NET model under temporal control (Men1L/L/RIP2-CreER). Men1L/L/RIP2-CreER mice aged ~3 months were given tamoxifen in the diet for 5 days, and pancreata harvested 2–2.5, 2.9–3.5 and 4.5–5.5 months later. Control mice did not express Cre and did not receive tamoxifen. Immunostaining of pancreata from tamoxifen-treated Men1L/L/RIP2-CreER mice, compared to control mice, showed at all ages: loss of menin in all islets; increased islet area (>4.2-fold); increased proliferation of insulin immunostaining β-cells (>2.3-fold) and decreased proliferation of glucagon immunostaining α-cells (>1.7-fold). There were no gender and apoptotic or proliferation differences, and extra-pancreatic tumours were not detected. Thus, we have established a mouse model (Men1L/L/RIP2-CreER) to study early events in the development of pancreatic β-cell NETs.
Mid-life extra-haematopoetic manifestations of Diamond–Blackfan anaemia
Authors: Muir Christopher , Dodds Anthony , Samaras Katherine
Published: April 2017

Diamond–Blackfan anaemia (DBA) is a rare cause of bone marrow failure. The incidence of malignancy and endocrine complications are increased in DBA, relative to other inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. We describe an adult woman with DBA who developed osteoporosis and avascular necrosis (AVN) of both distal femora. Such endocrine complications are not uncommon in DBA, but under-appreciated, especially in adulthood. Further, rectal adenocarcinoma was diagnosed at age 32 years, requiring hemi-colectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Elevated cancer risk may warrant disease-specific screening guidelines. Genetic predictors of extra-haematopoetic complications in DBA are yet to be established.

Learning points:

Endocrine complications are common in DBA.

Clinical vigilance is required in managing bone health of DBA patients treated with glucocorticoids.

There is currently no reliable way to predict which patients will develop complications of therapy or premature malignancy related to DBA.

Complaints of bone or joint pain should prompt screening with targeted magnetic resonance imaging. Osteoporosis screening should be performed routinely.
Role of the fatty acid-binding protein 4 in heart failure and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Rodríguez-Calvo Ricardo , Girona Josefa , Alegret Josep M , Bosquet Alba , Ibarretxe Daiana , Masana Lluís
Published: April 2017

Obesity and ectopic fat accumulation in non-adipose tissues are major contributors to heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Adipocytes act as endocrine organs by releasing a large number of bioactive molecules into the bloodstream, which participate in a communication network between white adipose tissue and other organs, including the heart. Among these molecules, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) has recently been shown to increase cardiometabolic risk. Both clinical and experimental evidence have identified FABP4 as a relevant player in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, and it has been directly related to cardiac alterations such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and both systolic and diastolic cardiac dysfunction. The available interventional studies preclude the establishment of a direct causal role of this molecule in CVD and HF and propose FABP4 as a biomarker rather than as an aetiological factor. However, several experimental reports have suggested that FABP4 may act as a direct contributor to cardiac metabolism and physiopathology, and the pharmacological targeting of FABP4 may restore some of the metabolic alterations that are conducive to CVD and HF. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding FABP4 in the context of HF and CVD as well as the molecular basis by which this protein participates in the regulation of cardiac function.
La eliminación de la sífilis congénita en Colombia: una utopía si no se aplican las medidas de control
Authors: PÉREZ CARDENAS JORGE ENRIQUE
Published: April 2017

En la XXIV Conferencia Sanitaria Panamericana, realizada en 1994, Colombia se comprometió a alcanzar la meta de 0,5 casos de sífilis congénita por cada 1000 nacidos vivos antes del año 2000. A la fecha esta meta no se ha logrado, lo cual indica que las medidas implementadas para controlar este problema no han sido lo suficientemente efectivas. La incidencia ha disminuido año tras año; sin embargo, debido al cambio de las guías de práctica clínica en el 2015 y al uso de un algoritmo diferente en el diagnóstico de la sífilis por el laboratorio, estas cifras pueden volver a aumentar.

La sífilis congénita se considera un problema de salud pública debido a la generación de muerte fetal y neonatal, asociada a las secuelas que produce y de acuerdo con el momento en que se adquiere la infección. Esta enfermedad rara vez se adquiere antes del cuarto mes de embarazo, por lo que es raro encontrar abortos relacionados con la infección durante este periodo (1).
Uso de biomarcadores de inflamación o infección en el diagnóstico de sepsis, en unidades de cuidados intensivos de Santa Marta, Colombia
Authors: Pertuz M. Yolima , González R. Gisela , Acosta M. Shirley
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: Evaluar la capacidad diagnóstica de los biomarcadores presepsina, procalcitonina y proteína C reactiva (PCR), en pacientes sépticos de las unidades de cuidado intensivo de Santa Marta, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de casos y controles, la determinación de biomarcadores se hizo mediante métodos analíticos. Se valoró la capacidad discriminante de los diferentes marcadores mediante el área bajo la curva ROC. Resultados: de los pacientes con diagnóstico de sepsis, 55% presentaron hemocultivos negativos y 45% positivos. En este estudio el área bajo la curva (AUC) para la presepsina fue de 0,996, para la procalcitonina de 0,709 y para la PCR de 0,607. Con un nivel de significancia de 0,05, la presepsina dio un valor p de 0,006; la procalcitonina de 0,084 y la PCR de 0,23. Conclusiones: Se determinó que la presepsina es el mejor biomarcador para el diagnóstico temprano de sepsis.
Avances científicos en las estrategias terapéuticas contra la enfermedad por virus del ébola
Authors: Zapata Sandra , Moneriz Carlos
Published: April 2017

La enfermedad por el virus del Ébola se conoce desde hace treinta años como mortal, contagiosa y de difícil diagnóstico y tratamiento. Numerosos estudios se han realizado para comprender la patogénesis del virus y con ello los posibles tratamientos que puedan generar control de la enfermedad. Sin embargo, no hay hasta la fecha un fármaco o vacuna con licencia para combatir el virus del Ébola. El tratamiento está basado solo en aliviar los síntomas y prevenir el contagio por medio de acciones que ayuden a minimizar el riesgo de infección. En esta revisión, se presentan las diferentes perspectivas del estado actual de la investigación sobre fármacos antivirales y vacunas en fases de desarrollo para la infección del virus del Ébola.
Agenesis of Third Molars among Turkish Children between the Ages of 12 and 18 Years: A Retrospective Radiographic Study
Authors: Kilinç Gulser , Akkemik Ozlem Kıpcak , Candan Umit , Evcil Mehmet Sinan , Ellidokuz Hulya
Published: April 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the agenesis of third molars (M3) in children with permanent dentition in a limited population in the province of Izmir, Turkey. Study design: The panoramic radiographs of 773 patients (457 females, 316 males) were evaluated retrospectively at the Dental Hospital of Ministry of Health in İzmir, Turkey. The patients' ages ranged from 12–18 years. The agenesis of M3 teeth was investigated according to maxilla and mandible and right and left distribution. Results: In 593 of the patients (76.7%), all of the M3 teeth were present in the mouth; while in the other 180 (23.3%) patients, agenesis of a varying number of M3 teeth was identified. In 31 patients (4.0%), total M3 tooth agenesis was observed. A statistically significant relationship was not found between gender and M3 teeth (p=0.091). A statistically significant relationship was found between congenital M3 tooth agenesis and the maxilla (14.3%) and mandible (9.6%) (p<0.001). However, a statistically significant difference was not found between the right–left area of the jaw (p=0.100). Conclusion: As a result, while all M3 teeth were present in 76.71% of the population studied in the province of Izmir, agenesis of one or more than one M3 tooth was found in the other 23.29% of the patients studied.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of wild edible fruits from Boda and Kolli hills
Authors: Anand S.P. , Deborah S.
Published: April 2017

Medicinal plant plays a vital role for ailment of various chronic diseases due to the presence of phytochemical constituent. The preliminary phytochemical compounds was studied by using the ethanol, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, chloroform and aqueous extracts of 15 wild edible fruits collected from Boda and Kolli Hills. The phytochemical compounds such as Phenol, tannins, saponin, alkaloid, flavonoids, steroids, phlobotannins, terpenoids, anthroquinones and cardiac glycosides were screened in 15 edible fruits by using standard methods. The diethyl ether extract, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of the selected fruits shows the presence of phytochemicals compound. The highest occurrence shows the high therapeutic value possessing majority of phytochemical constituent of active compounds. In Further studies, the compound from these fruits were isolated and used for medicinal purposes
Smartphone-Based Safety Planning and Self-Monitoring for Suicidal Patients: A Conceptual Basis for the CASPAR (Continuous Assessment for Suicide Prevention and Research) Study
Authors: Nuij Chani , Van Ballegooijen Wouter , Ruwaard Jeroen , de Beurs Derek , O'Connor Rory C. , Smit Jan H. , Riper Heleen , Kerkhof Ad
Published: April 2017

Suicidal behaviour remains difficult to predict and prevent, even for experienced mental health care professionals. The known distal risk factors for suicidal behaviour are not sufficiently specific to fully understand the complex dynamic processes that precede a suicide attempt. Real-time mobile monitoring data can be used to analyse proximal risk mechanisms within the suicidal process. At the same time smartphone-based safety planning and self-monitoring may enhance a patient’s self-management skills thereby increasing their capacity to respond to a suicidal crisis and to become more aware of crisis symptoms. The current paper describes the theoretical and conceptual rationale for the CASPAR study which applies an innovative approach to the study of suicidal processes. It uses basic science approaches to inform the implementation of an innovative suicide prevention intervention. We aim to develop and implement mobile safety plan in conjunction with real-time monitoring in order to both directly implement suicide prevention interventions and to study the ongoing dynamics of individual suicidal behaviour by applying network analysis.
Ambulatory Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Comprehensive Analysis of Current Trends, Complications, Readmissions, and Costs
Authors: Cancienne Jourdan M. , Brockmeier Stephen F. , Gulotta Lawrence V. , Dines David M. , Werner Brian C.
Published: April 2017

Background:

There have been few studies that have evaluated ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the current trends in ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty in the United States; to characterize the rate of postoperative complications, hospital readmission, and risk factors associated with readmission; and to conduct a cost analysis comparing ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty with matched inpatient total shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods:

A national insurance database was queried for patients who underwent anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty between the fourth quarter of 2010 and 2014. Patients undergoing ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty and a matched group of patients undergoing inpatient total shoulder arthroplasty were identified. Complications were assessed for both groups. Risk factors for readmission within 90 days postoperatively were examined. The costs up to 30 days postoperatively were evaluated for patients who underwent ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty and controls.

Results:

Included in the study were 706 patients who underwent ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty. From the fourth quarter of 2010 to 2014, the yearly incidence of ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty doubled. In the study, 4,459 patients who underwent inpatient total shoulder arthroplasty were matched to patients who underwent ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty. In no instances were any complications present at a significantly higher rate in the patients who underwent ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty. The rate of readmission was not significantly different (p > 0.05) between the 2 cohorts. The patients undergoing ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty had significantly lower costs (p < 0.0001) at $14,722 compared with the matched controls at $18,336 in numerous itemized cost categories as well as costs related to diagnosis-related groups.

Conclusions:

In appropriately selected patients, ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty is a viable and safe practice model. Ambulatory total shoulder arthroplasty also offers significant cost savings compared with inpatient total shoulder arthroplasty in matched patients.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Prognostic Factors Affecting Union After Ulnar Shortening Osteotomy in Ulnar Impaction Syndrome
Authors: Cha Soo Min , Shin Hyun Dae , Ahn Ki Jun
Published: April 2017

Background:

Ulnar shortening osteotomy (USO) is a widely adopted procedure with excellent outcomes. However, delayed union or nonunion has occasionally been observed. The purpose of this retrospective case-control study was to identify variables affecting osseous consolidation after USO in patients with ulnar impaction syndrome.

Methods:

The study included 325 patients who had undergone USO between March 2008 and March 2014. We evaluated the association between union and basic demographic factors as well as preoperative pain (assessed on a visual analog scale [VAS]), range of wrist motion, grip strength, and modified Mayo wrist score. We also assessed the association of union with radiographic variables such as the degree of dorsal subluxation of the ulna, preoperative and postoperative ulnar variance, morphological type of the distal radioulnar joint, gap at the osteotomy site, and presence of newly developed arthritic changes during the follow-up period. Finally, variables associated with operative conditions, such as degeneration of the triangular fibrocartilage complex, use of a parallel double-blade saw, type of plate used for fixation, number of screws, and plate position on the volar or dorsal ulnar surface were investigated.

Results:

Ulnar union was achieved in 294 patients (group 1), and 31 patients had delayed union or nonunion (group 2). On univariate and multivariate analyses, smoking, low bone mineral density (BMD), a decreased range of motion of the wrist, and use of a double-blade saw were found to be significant factors for an adverse radiographic outcome (nonunion or delayed union).

Conclusions:

Delayed union or nonunion occurred in about 10% of patients treated with USO. We suggest that it may be preferable to perform USO in nonsmokers, patients with normal bone density, and those without restricted wrist motion. Also, we recommend the use of a single-blade saw when performing the osteotomy.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Second records of the endangered species Artemia urmiana (Anostraca) in the Crimea habitat
Authors: Anufriieva E. V. , Amat F. D. , Shadrin N. V.
Published: April 2017

Artemia urmiana Günther, 1899 – species that has long been considered endemic to Lake Urmia in Iran. In 2009, A. urmiana was found in a hypersaline lake Koyashskoye on the Kerch Peninsula. In 2015, the species was listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Crimea. In May-June 2016 noted the massive presence of its cysts, nauplii, adult females and males in the Lake Sasyk-Sivash, the biggest hypersaline lake in Crimea.
PERENCANAAN SPECIAL EVENT “PENGAJIAN AKBAR
Authors: Azh-zahra Fatma Nurshuma Shalawat , Zubair Feliza , Budiana Heru Ryanto
Published: April 2017

ABSTRAK

Hijabers Community Bandung (HCB) merupakan sebuah komunitas non-profit yang pada hari jadinya

yang ke-lima menyelenggarakan sebuah special event bernama Pengajian Akbar Februari (PAF).

Acara ini berjalan dan didukung oleh banyak pihak seperti sponsor, media partner, pemerintah, dan

pendukung lainnya. Namun pada pelaksanaannya banyak peserta yang terlihat meninggalkan acara

sebelum rangkaian usai, selain itu banyak juga terjadi komplain oleh beberapa pihak yang menyatakan

bahwa acara ini hanya berisi pesan-pesan sponsor dan materi dakwahnya sangat kurang.

Penyelenggaraan special event memerlukan keahlian khusus yang berkaitan dengan proses manajemen

agar acara tersebut dapat berjalan dengan efektif dan efisien. Proses manajemen special event

meliputi tahapan-tahapan yang saling berkesinambungan antara satu dan tahap berikutnya guna

menciptakan event yang sukses, memiliki kesan mendalam, serta mampu mencapai tujuan dari lembaga

penyelenggara.

Berdasarkan pemaparan tersebut penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses perencanaan, yang

dilakukan oleh HCB dalam penyelenggaraan acara "Pengajian Akbar Februari." 2016. Penelitian ini

menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan

observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Teknik validitas data menggunakan triangulasi data.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, Hijabers Community Bandung (HCB) melakukan perencanaan

untuk membuat flow acara, menentukan waktu, serta lokasi acara. Selain itu proses perencanaan juga

dilakukan untuk mengeksekusi garis besar acara di proposal melalui kerjasama dengan berbagai pihak

seperti pengisi acara, pemerintah, media massa, sponsor, dan pihak pendukung lainnya. Perencanaan

yang cukup matang membuat acara ini berjalan dengan lancar. Dana yang sangat minim tidak menjadi

hambatan berarti berkat kerjasama yang terjalin dengan banyak pihak.

Kata Kunci: Hijabers Community Bandung, Special Event, Pengajian Akbar, Perencanaan.
KEYAKINAN DAN KESUKAAN IBU RUMAH TANGGA SURABAYA MENGENAI TAYANGAN IKLAN LAYANAN MASYARAKAT “AYO MAKAN IKAN”
Authors: Nugraheni Yuli , Yuliastuti Maria
Published: April 2017

ABSTRAK

Baru-baru ini, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP) memunculkan Iklan Layanan Masyarakat
dengan tagline “Ayo Makan Ikan” di televisi yang merupakan media audio visual. Telah lama
masyarakat Indonesia menjadikan nasi sebagai makanan pokok dan ikan hanya sebagai makan
tambahan untuk melengkapi ‘Empat Sehat Lima Sempurna’. Penekanan pesan untuk makan ikan masih
terbatas. Padahal faktanya, Indonesia sangat kaya dengan ikannya. Di sinilah KKP memiliki peran
yang besar, Saut P. Hutagalung selaku Direktur Jenderal Pemasaran dan Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan
(P2HP) dari KKP mengatakan, “Kami akan terus mengajak masyarakat untuk mengkonsumsi ikan
seperti pada program yang sudah kami terus jalankan yaitu Gerakan Memasyarakatkan Makan
Ikan (Gemarikan),”.Hal itu juga didukung dengan Iklan Layanan Masyarakat (ILM) “Ayo Makan
Ikan”. Pada penelitian inilah akan dikupas lebih dalam bagaimana tanggapan yang diberikan oleh
ibu rumah tangga di Surabaya dalam bentuk keyakinan dan kesukaan mengenai ILM “Ayo Makan
Ikan”.Teori yang digunakan antara lain mengenai iklan, prinsip dasar iklan, peran iklan, fungsi iklan,
iklan di televisi,elemen iklan, bentuk iklan, jenis iklan, iklan layanan masyarakat, keyakinan (belief)
dan kesukaan (feeling). Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan
metode survey pada ibu rumah tangga di Surabaya.Kesimpulan Dalam penelitian ini adalah : Identitas
mayoritas responden berumur >34 tahun dan responden mayoritas berprofesi sebagai ibu rumah
tangga serta mayoritas responden tinggal di kawasan Surabaya Timur. Tingkat keyakinan responden
pada informasi yang ada dalam setiap elemen iklan adalah tinggi yang artinya responden yakin pada
informasi yang disamapaikan melalui elemen video dan audio, talent, setting, lighting, graphics, dan
pacing dalam iklan yang memuat informasi ajakan untuk makan ikan. Tingkat kesukaan responden
pada informasi yang ada dalam setiap elemen iklan adalah tinggi yang artinya responden suka pada
informasi yang disamapaikan melalui elemen video dan audio, talent, setting, lighting, graphics, dan
pacing dalam iklan yang memuat informasi ajakan untuk makan ikan.
Kata Kunci : Iklan Layanan Masyarakat, Keyakinan, Kesukaan.
Coluna de destilação concêntrica com integração interna de calor (CDIIC): estudo energetico em diferentes arranjos geometricos
Authors: León Pulido Jeffrey , González Delgado Ángel Dario , Pereira Maia Julio
Published: April 2017

A coluna de destilação com integração interna de calor (CDIIC) apresenta um grande potencial na diminuição do consumo de energia em processos de destilação. Basicamente, é uma configuração concêntrica de coluna de destilação, onde a seção de retificação opera a maior pressão e temperatura, fazendo a roca e energia com a seção de esgotamento. Atualmente, a unidade industrial não é uma realidade, sendo assim uma grande quantidade de trabalhos uma necessidade para o desenvolvimento da unidade a grande escala. O presente trabalho estuda quarto diferentes configurações de coluna CDIIC (media, topo, fundo e total-a mesma quantidade de estágios nas duas seções) na mistura benzeno-tolueno fazendo uma comparação do consumo de energia em relação ao convencional. O presente estudo apresenta uma nova perspectiva na separação de processos fazendo uso do simulador Aspen One para o modelamento e obtenção das condições de operação e dados do consumo energético, as diferentes configurações apresentam a coluna CDIIC como uma perspectiva de trabalho na indústria de separação.
Organismos multilaterais e educação: as tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC) em questão
Authors: Lima Daniela Da Costa Britto Pereira , Oliveira João Ferreira de , Batista Tatiane Custódio da Silva
Published: April 2017

Este artigo analisa documentos elaborados por organismos multilaterais no período de 1990 a 2014, sobretudo, os que trazem orientações que visam determinar as políticas, os programas e as ações no campo da educação no Brasil. Busca-se compreender, em especial, como os organismos multilaterais concebem e orientam a inserção das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) na educação de nosso país, tendo por base, dentre outros, a contribuição teórico-conceitual de: Dourado, Oliveira (2009); Mancebo, Maués e Chaves (2006); Libâneo (2011; 2012); Sguissardi (2000); Lima (2005; 2013); Ferreira (2009; 2012); Saviani (2008); Andreoli (2002). São examinados documentos direcionados às questões econômicas e educacionais de países da América Latina e Caribe, dentre os quais, o Brasil. Observa-se que há forte influência dos organismos multilaterais na educação brasileira e que, no âmbito das TIC, essas diretrizes apontam para a expansão da inserção e do uso dessas tecnologias em todos os níveis da educação. Essas diretrizes, ou orientações, baseiam-se em uma concepção mercantil e mecanicista das TIC, em detrimento de uma perspectiva que defende uma maior democratização do acesso à informação e ao conhecimento, bem como uma formação escolar mais crítica, autônoma e cidadã.
O direito à educação no Brasil
Authors: Araujo Marta Maria , Brito Anderson Dantas da Silva , Santos Segundo Israel Maria dos
Published: April 2017

CURY, Carlos Roberto Jamil. Educação e direito à educação no Brasil: um histórico pelas Constituições. Belo Horizonte: Mazza, 2014.
O jovem Deleuze e a história da filosofia além dos dualismos cartesianos e das tríades hegelianas: démarches e sistemas [The early philosophy of Deleuze and the history of philosophy beyond the Cartesian dualisms and Hegelian triads]
Authors: Ribeiro Guilherme Almeida
Published: April 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo examinar as aproximações e os distanciamentos entre os primeiros desenvolvimentos da filosofia de Deleuze e as controvérsias acerca do método em história da filosofia na cena filosófica francesa do imediato pós-guerra, principalmente aquelas que envolveram os nomes de Jean Hyppolite, Ferdinand Alquié e Martial Guéroult, ex-professores do jovem Deleuze.
Ipseidade e alteridade na dimensão da linguagem e da intercorporeidade em Merleau-Ponty [Ipseity and alterity in the dimension of language and intercorporeality in Merleau-Ponty]
Authors: Santos Renato Dos
Published: April 2017

Este artigo investiga o problema da relação entre o eu e o outro no “segundo” Merleau-Ponty, mais exatamente a partir da perspectiva da linguagem e da intercorporeidade. Mostraremos de que maneira, após superar o fantasma de uma linguagem pura, torna-se possível pensar uma linguagem que comporte significações inéditas através da expressividade da fala. As significações de outrem já não se apresentam mais como “equivocadas”, uma vez que não há mais uma nomenclatura que venha determinar previamente os significados. Considerando que eu e o outro estamos amarrados em um único “drama carnal”, avisto o outro assim como avisto meu próprio corpo. Daí que um simples gesto é suficiente para me descentrar da posição absoluta que acreditava ter. Igualmente isso ocorre na linguagem, na medida em que em meu horizonte de significações já não são absolutas, as significações de outrem “invadem” meu campo, e eu o dele, de modo que a linguagem destrói o abismo que separa aquilo que tem sentido e do que não tem sentido para mim, ou de mim como sujeito e do outro como objeto.