bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obesity: A Risk Factor of Preeclampsia
Authors: Hussain Wajahat , Badar Samina , Abbas Huda , Imran Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Arif , Soomra Muhammad Ramzan
Published: May 2020

Background: Obesity is a major epidemic of developed world that is now extending to developing countries and is the risk factor of pre-eclampsia which is the major contributor to maternal and foetal morbidity & mortality.
Objective: To determine the frequency of preeclampsia in obese primigravida women visiting the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Department of Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Outpatient Department of Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan from January 2018 to December 2018. All the Primigravida women with singleton pregnancy of gestational age ? 26 weeks assessed by ultrasound between 20-35 years of age were included in the study by non-probability consecutive method. After obtaining ethical approval from hospital ethical committee and informed written consent from all the study subjects, relevant data were documented in a predefined data sheet and body mass index (BMI) was calculated by using the formula: Weight (kg) / Height2 (m). Women having blood pressure (BP) of 140/90 mmHg or above in third trimester of gestation measured on at least two occasions, 6 hours or more apart accompanied by proteinuria of 300 mg per 24 hours or above in previously normotensive were labelled as preeclampsia and first-time pregnant women having BMI ? 30 were taken as obese. Statistical analysis was performed by using computer-based software, Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for windows version 17.0. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for numerical data like age. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables. Chi-square test was performed to find the statistical difference regarding preeclampsia distribution between groups and ‘p’ value <0.05 was considered as a lowest level of significance.
Results: Mean age of the respondents in the study was 27.08±3.59 years. Majority of the women were between the ages of 26-30 years (53.30%). The mean gestational age of the respondents was 34.50±4.33 weeks and most of the women had gestational age ? 36 weeks (46.70%). Frequency of obesity in pregnancy was 15.4% and frequency of preeclampsia in obese primigravida was 55.3%. Conclusion: It is concluded that frequency of preeclampsia is higher in obese primigravida compared to non-obese primigravida.
Gesundheitslabel
Authors: Müller Sebastian , Teusch Christoph , Kuhn Eva , Buyx Alena , Heidbrink Ludger
Published: May 2020

Die Gesundheit von Mitarbeitenden am Arbeitsplatz ist ein Thema, das vor dem Hintergrund des demografischen Wandels und der zunehmenden Forderung nach sozialer
Verantwortung in ökonomischen Kontexten in vielen Industrienationen zusehends an Relevanz gewinnt. Ein klares Bekenntnis für die Mitarbeitendengesundheit stellen
proaktive Programme der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung und des Gesundheitsmanagements dar. Für externe Unternehmen, Institutionen und ganz besonders für Endverbraucher
bleiben diese Programme in der Regel allerdings intransparent. Verbraucher können die proaktive Fürsorge der Unternehmen nicht durch ihr Konsumverhalten honorieren,
betrieblichen Partnern ist es nur vereinzelt möglich, kooperative Programme zu etablieren und hier Synergien zu nutzen und staatlichen Institutionen fällt es schwer,
Regulierungen sinnvoll anzupassen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden viele in Deutschland gängige Label daraufhin überprüft, welche Einschätzung sie über die Gesundheitsförderung
und das Gesundheitsmanagement des zertifizierten Unternehmens erlauben. Die Arbeit endet mit einer Evaluation der vielversprechendsten Label und einer politischen Empfehlung.
FİNANSAL TABLOLARIN ORAN ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ: ADESE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: YENİSU Ersin
Published: May 2020

Finansal analiz günümüz işletmelerinin varlığını sürdürebilmeleri ve değer yaratabilmeleri açısından
hayati bir öneme sahiptir. Temel finansal analiz yöntemlerinden olan oran (rasyo) analizi işletmelerin
finansal açıdan üstün ve zayıf yönlerini açıklamaya yardımcı olmaktadır. Temel mali tablolar olan
bilanço ve gelir tablosu verilerini kullanan oran analizi, gerek işletmelerin mali yapılarını ortaya
koyması gerekse diğer muhasebe bilgi sistemine dayanan analizlere temel oluşturması açısından
önemlidir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada teorik açıklamaların yanı sıra bir perakende işletmesi olan Adese
Alışveriş Merkezleri Ticaret A.Ş.’nin 2014-2016 arası verilerine oran analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır.
İşletme mali tablo verileri Kamu Aydınlatma Platformu (KAP)’nun internet sitesinden derlenmiş ve
bulunan oranlar TCMB’nin internet sitesinden alınan sektör oranlarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Söz konusu
işletme, “Capital” dergisi verilerine göre, perakende sektöründe ciro açısından ortalama bir işletme
olması nedeniyle seçilmiştir. Yapılan analizler neticesinde elde edilen bulgulara göre işletmenin
likiditesi zayıf, mali yapısı kuvvetli, faaliyet oranları açısından yetersiz ve karlılık açısındansa sektör
ortalamalarının üzerindedir. Sonuç olarak, analiz konusu işletme likidite sorununu çözmeli, özkaynak
ağırlıklı sermaye yapısını korumalı, esas faaliyetlerine daha fazla odaklanmalı ve yüksek olan karlılığına
istikrar kazandırmalıdır.
YATIRIM FONLARINDA PERFORMANS-AKIM İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE AMPİRİK BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: SAĞLIK Fatih
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmanın konusunu yatırım fonu performansıyla yatırım fonuna dönük giriş-çıkışlar arasındaki
ilişkinin incelenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Bu kapsamda Türkiye’deki 280 adet yatırım fonuna ilişkin
17.02.2014-15.02.2019 dönemindeki günlük pay fiyatı, dolaşımdaki pay sayısı ve portföy büyüklüğü
bilgileri kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, aynı zaman zarfında karşılaştırma yapılması durumunda
performans ile akım arasında pozitif veya negatif yönlü önemli bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Ancak
olumlu veya olumsuz fon performansının yatırımcılara ve yatırımcı kararlarına yansıması zaman
almaktadır. Bu nedenle, performans değerlerinin bir sonraki aylık, 3 aylık, 6 aylık ve yıllık dönemlerdeki
akım değerlerinin kıyaslanması sonucunda, fonların performansı ile normalin üzerinde fonlara yapılan
girişler arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Genelde en yüksek performanslı fonlara olan
talep, ortalama fon talebinin çok üzerinde iken, en kötü performansı gösteren fonlardan ortalamadan
fazla çıkışlar ise, ortalama çıkışın çok üzerindedir. En iyi ve en kötü performanslı fon grupları dışındaki
gruplarda akımın performansa duyarlılığı büyük değişiklikler göstermemektedir. Dolayısıyla, akımın
performans duyarlılığı doğrusal olmayıp, uç performans gruplarına göre doğrusal bir ilişkiden beklenen
düzeyin çok üzerinde olmaktadır.
Fars Edebiyatında Bahâriyye ve İlk Bahâriyyeler
Authors: KASKA Çetin
Published: May 2020

Edebiyatta, teşbîb yani başlangıçtaki tasvir kısmı
bir bahar tasviri olan kasidelere bahâriyye denilmektedir. Bahâriyyelerde
baharın güzelliği, bahar manzaraları ve çiçekler soyut veya somut bir şekilde
ele alınmaktadır. Fars edebiyatındaki ilk bahâriyyeler “şairlerin üstadı” ve “Acem şairlerin öncüsü” diye bilinen Sâmânîler dönemi
şairi Rûdekî’ye aittir. Yirmi beş beyitten oluşan dört bahâriyyesinde Rûdekî baharı
baştanbaşa tarif etmiştir. Rûdekî ayrıca divanındaki diğer şiirlerinde kimi
zaman bahara değinmiştir. Fars edebiyatında bahâriyyeler daha çok kaside, gazel
ve mesnevi nazım şekilleriyle yazılmıştır. Neredeyse bütün Fars şairleri
bahâriyye yazmıştır, çünkü İran’da bahar mevsiminin kısa sürmesi, dünyanın
kendini yenilemesi ve tabiatın tazelenmesi gibi nedenlerden dolayı bahâriyye
Fars şiir ve edebiyatında en çok beğenilen türlerden biri olmuştur. Fars
şairleri bahâriyyelerde baharı hem âfâkî hem de enfusî manada ele almıştır. Fars
edebiyatında Horasan üslubunun revaç kazanmasıyla doğa ve tabiat konuları
zirveye ulaşmıştır. Bu makalede Fars edebiyatında bahâriyyenin nasıl işlendiği
açıklanmış ve ilk bahâriyyeler ele alınıp, tercümeleri yapılmıştır.
ORO LINIJŲ BENDROVIŲ MARKETINGO KOMUNIKACIJOS SOCIALINIUOSE TINKLUOSE VERTINIMAS
Authors: Rudokaitė Sandra , Vilkaitė-Vaitonė Neringa
Published: May 2020

Interneto technologijų plėtra, augantis socialinių tinklų naudojimas visame pasaulyje keičia žmonių
komunikacijos ir dalijimosi informacija įpročius. Atsiradus socialinių tinklų svetainėms, verslai visame pasaulyje ėmė
naudotis šiuo nauju komunikacijos kanalu. Marketingo komunikacijos svarba šiuo metu yra nenuginčijama, ypač tiems verslams,
kurių sėkmę rinkoje lemia vartotojų atsiliepimai, pokalbiai, nuorodos. Tokiai rinkai neabejotinai priskiriamos oro linijų
bendrovės. Nuolat augantis socialinių tinklų naudojimas marketingo komunikacijai lėmė mokslininkų susidomėjimo šiuo tyrimo
objektu didėjimą. Vis daugiau mokslinių tyrimų orientuota į socialinius tinklus, tačiau palyginti nedidelė dalis jų skirta
oro linijų bendrovių marketingo komunikacijos socialiniuose tinkluose nagrinėjimui. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomi 20 didžiausių
Europos oro linijų bendrovių marketingo komunikacijos socialiniuose tinkluose rezultatai. Atliktos marketingo komunikacijos
turinio analizės rezultatai parodė, kad oro linijų bendrovės aktyviai naudojasi įvairiomis socialinių tinklų platformomis.
Nustačius, kad daugiausiai sekėjų oro linijų bendrovės turi populiariausiuose socialiniuose tinkluose (Facebook, Instagram,
Twitter), išryškintas poreikis stiprinti marketingo komunikaciją ir kituose, mažiau populiariuose, tačiau su oro linijų
bendrovių specifika derančiuose socialiniuose tinkluose.
DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIC PLAN FOR ACMI COMPANIES IN AVIATION INDUSTRY
Authors: Vaiciulionyte Marija , Petraškevičius Vladislavas
Published: May 2020

Aviation industry showing significant growth around the World. Different specialization companies making
partnerships with each other to make aviation imperia even bigger and more stable. The relation between companies provides not
only growth but also stagnation of operations. Nowadays Boeing 737-MAX crashes prove that affected major companies were forced
to stop operations, due to lack of aircraft. For that reason, ACMI (Aircraft, crew, maintenance, and insurance) companies provided
the full capacity to maintain flight operations. From this perspective, ACMI companies living a golden age. These companies’
services are booked by major airlines for many months in front, due to unforeseen aircraft type grounding issues. The situation
in almost every industry varies between ups and downs by forcing companies to analyze the future strategy development plan. Based
on AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and TOPSIS method, it is preferable to buy neither to lease an ACMI services from a longer
period perspective. New aircraft are less cheap regarding maintenance schedules, fuel consumption and after full repayment, it
becomes airline property. The purpose of the article is to asses ACMI company strategy development to stay in the aviation
business after major airlines re-establish their full operations. The leasing company can not be a direct competitor to airlines,
therefore it needs to develop specific services, which can attract customers. ACMI company can provide services as fast as possible
in unexpected or emergency situations. Moreover giving the flexibility of leasing and providing extra services, makes the company
be attractive and unique.
Jasminum parceflorum (Oleaceae), a new species from southern Yunnan, China
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wu Mingsong , Pan Bo , Zhou Lianxuan , Zhang Dianxiang
Published: May 2020

Jasminum parceflorum (Oleaceae), a new species from tropical limestone habitats in Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated here. The new species is similar to J. pierreanum and J. rarum, but can be distinguished by its linear calyx lobes, dry calyces without ridges, terminal 1 (or 3)-flowered cymes and axillary solitary flowers.
(T)Race. La couleur de la peau, inscription corporelle d’une origine servile
Authors: Bonniol Jean-Luc
Published: May 2020

La couleur de la peau (en l’occurrence la couleur dite « noire ») et les traits phénotypiques qui lui sont associés, caractères physiques transmis par voie héréditaire, ont servi de support mémoriel à une imputation d’origine servile dans le contexte des sociétés qui ont été marquées par l’esclavage colonial. Cette trace, imprimée sur les corps des dominés puis de leurs descendants, joue un rôle majeur dans l’invention de la pensée coloniale de la race : des idées et des pratiques se sont imposées dans les « vieilles colonies » en s’accrochant à cette empreinte, survivant ainsi à l’ordre esclavagiste qui les avait vues naître, puis se sont diffusées depuis ce foyer initial jusqu’à leurs avatars contemporains. Du possible effacement de la trace au fil des multiples métissages naît une hantise raciale qui s’attache justement à la volonté de révéler des distinctions que l’œil n’identifie plus. L’attention à la trace s’est poursuivie après l’abolition de l’esclavage, tout en se dotant d’une nouvelle dimension symbolique : alors qu’elle relevait au premier chef d’une assignation subie, elle est aujourd’hui largement pénétrée par l’affirmation de soi, comme l’illustre le « retournement du stigmate » initié au début du xx e  siècle… Ce retournement connaît une nouvelle fortune, en ce début du xxi e  siècle, avec l’avènement d’un nouveau paradigme indiciaire, l’ADN…
Thomas d’Aquin et la Trinité ou l’utile précaution
Authors: Humbrecht Thierry-Dominique
Published: May 2020

Pour Thomas d’Aquin, la Trinité n’est pas d’ordre philosophique mais théologique, dépendant de la révélation biblique. Les controverses trinitaires sont déjà loin, les résolutions conciliaires aussi, mais Thomas, à plusieurs reprises et à chaque fois de manière différente, expose un traité des plus délicats. Il s’agit de poser trois personnes dans une seule substance. L’un de ses principaux apports est d’enrichir les relations d’origine qui distinguent les trois personnes en relations substantielles. Thomas tire les concepts au-delà de leur acception ordinaire, manifestant ainsi la manière qui est la sienne d’entrecroiser philosophie et théologie.
Petit voyage océanien autour de l’île en tant qu’hérésie géographique
Authors: David Gilbert
Published: May 2020

Le présent traite de la recherche d’invariants pour qualifier les systèmes insulaires de l’Océanie. Cette approche se différencie de la plupart des études insulaires qui conduisent à multiplier les monographies d’îles sans qu’aucune loi générale ne puisse être identifiée. La coutume et la gestion coutumière du risque constituent les deux invariants de toute société traditionnelle en Océanie dont elles assurent la résistance face aux perturbations d’origine exogène. Mais la globalisation très rapide que connaît la région actuellement tend à émousser leur opérationnalité face aux deux défis majeurs qui s’affirment : le défi alimentaire et le défi migratoire.
Le « testament philosophique » de Jean Cavaillès : vers une Logique de la création ?
Authors: Schwartz Élisabeth
Published: May 2020

Entre la première philosophie cavaillésienne de « l’expérience mathématique » et son réexamen au sein de l’œuvre posthume (Sur la logique et la théorie de la science) , nous suggérons qu’il existe une différence radicale de statut , qui différencie de l’intérieur la philosophie du concept de celle de l’œuvre publiée. Le sens testamentaire du livre posthume comme sa conclusion hégélienne tiennent à cette différence. Le nouveau cadre construit pour la philosophie mathématique est celui d’un « Traité de logique », qui prend la forme d’une histoire orientée par l’exigence de reconstruire le lien de la logique avec l’ontologie, alors que la première philosophie pouvait, à son niveau, sembler ignorer, ou même écarter cette exigence. Cette histoire de la logique n’annonce pas plus qu’elle n’offre la construction d’une dialectique identifiable à celle que Cavaillès avait d’abord reconnue dans la nécessité de l’expérience mathématique. Ses étapes, non chronologiquement ordonnées, sont celles de la préparation effective d’un passage de la conscience au concept en tant que principes de la doctrine de la science. Ce passage n’est pas un passage nécessité par la préexistence de contradictions à dépasser et la libre et créative réponse qu’elles demandent à la pensée humaine en mathématiques ; il est celui qui anime le libre choix de chercher, dans une Logique entendue comme théorie des formes de l’être, la liberté créatrice qui est définitoire de la pensée en tant que telle.
Assessing the Citations of Articles on Intellectual Capital
Authors: Pedro Eugenia de Matos , Alves Helena , Leitão João
Published: May 2020

This article is based on the intellectual capital (IC) literature and identifies factors that can influence the total number of citations from articles related to this subject. Seven hundred seventy-seven empirical articles about IC published between 1960 and 2016 from ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were validated and used. Through logistic regression, the results reveal that: number of authors (p < 0.05); use of the triad of human, structural (organizational or process), and relational (social or customer) capital (p < 0.05); and the ISI impact factor (p < 0.001) are the factors with greatest influence on the total number of ISI citations from scientific articles on IC. The content analysis also provides insightful implications in the sense that articles with more citations use established conceptualizations of both human and social (or relational) capital, as well as addressing the still unexplored relationships between intellectual capital and organizations' economic or innovative performance.
Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to Improve Agricultural Knowledge Management System (KMS)
Authors: Chanda Mriganka Mohan , Banerjee Neelotpaul , Bandyopadhyay Gautam
Published: May 2020

Agriculture is an important sector of the Indian economy. In the present paper an attempt has been made to theoretically explore the development of an agricultural knowledge management system (KMS) in respect of various micro irrigation techniques for agriculture, as well as relevant crop-/region-specific agricultural practices in different regions of the country, as the same has been observed to be very much necessary for the overall benefits of wider cross section of farmers, agricultural scientists, economists, and other stakeholders in the domain. It is further observed that artificial neural networks (ANNs), which are a part of soft computing techniques, can be used as a KMS tool for effective management of various sub sectors of agriculture. In this context, it has been shown that use of ANNs as a KMS tool can improve the effectiveness of applications of the above mentioned agricultural KMS by accurately forecasting the year-wise estimated yield of food grains of India with the help of past data of various relevant parameters.
Continuous Improvement, Six Sigma and Risk Management
Authors: Galli Brian J.
Published: May 2020

The competitive business environment today is something that has never been seen before, as technology continues to challenge the way in which business has been done. As profit margins continue to shrink, it is imperative that companies have robust methods of process management to ensure peak efficiency. Continuous improvement, known as Kaizen in Japanese, is a natural step forward that is informed by the decisions made using risk management. The purpose of this article is to study the relationship between continuous improvement and risk management. In order to accomplish this task, proper definitions will be established, and proof will be provided of their relationship in real-world examples. This article represents the ideas of Lean Six Sigma and Kaizen as methods to improve the processes in many different settings, as they become excellent tools for the continuous improvement phase. Six Sigma is a set of techniques that can detect and improve defects to reduce the variability in processes that may lead to undesirable inconsistencies. Moreover, the article looks at the barriers that stop companies from adopting these methodologies. Finally, the article discusses a method for the implementation of Kaizen and Lean Six Sigma in the form of A3.
Cantor's dilemma: approximations between experimentation, literature and natural sciences teaching
Authors: Gonçalves Fabio Peres , Massena Elisa Prestes
Published: May 2020

Research indicates the potential of literary works to be used in teaching natural sciences. This text deals with Carl Djerassi's Cantor’s dilemma (1991), a material that portrait intrigues from the academic world in the form of fiction. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential of this work for the approach of experimentation in training natural sciences teachers from various fields. The work was analyzed according to the procedures of the discursive textual analysis and two emergent categories were constructed: ‘epistemological issues associated to experimentation’ and ‘the laboratory diary in scientific activity’. The analysis pointed out the potential of the work to favor the debate regarding: the function of experimentation in the refutation/confirmation of hypotheses and their social nature; the non-reduction of the work with experiments to the action in the laboratory; the association between experimentation and error; and writing in laboratory journals and related aspects.
Decoding the aquatic motor behavior: description and reflection on the functional movement
Authors: Iucksch Dielise Debona , Araujo Luize Bueno de , Novakoski Karize Rafaela Mesquita , Yamaguchi Bruna , Carneiro Carolina Fernandez , Mélo Tainá Ribas , Israel Vera Lúcia
Published: May 2020

Aquatic environment is widely used for recreational, sporting, and therapeutic activities. However, human motor functional behavior in immersion has not been sufficiently described. Such description is necessary to improve strategies used to perform movements in this environment and to possibly transfer them to land. Our goal is to offer a qualitative description of the aquatic motor behavior. We use action research to observe and describe motor behavior in water, which we systematized using the Aquatic Functional Assessment Scale, effects of water on the immersed body, its relationship with functional movements performed on land, and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The results allowed the systematization of aquatic movements based on unique features of water compared to effects of activities and participation of functional movement, under a biopsychosocial view of ICF. Such systematization of aquatic behaviors enables professionals to increase their strategies and interventions in water, through that understand the complexity of this approach and improve physical and therapeutic interventions that will have an impact on health.
Study of a delayed-release system for hard and soft capsules coated with eudragit® s100 acrylic polymers
Authors: Soares Luciana Arantes , Crema Eduardo
Published: May 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate a pH-dependent system of ileocolonic release of active ingredients using the polymer Eudragit® S100. A spouted bed was used in the coating process of soft capsules containing palm oil and of hard capsules containing glutamine under standardised experimental conditions. The height and diameter of the palm oil and glutamine capsules were measured using a calliper. The following variables were analysed: Eudragit® S100 dispersion amount used in the capsule coating process, nozzle air pressure, nozzle air flow rate, spray rate and temperature of the spouted bed coating process. The Eudragit® S100 dispersion formulation, trademarked as Quickstart® by Evonik Industries, was used with modifications to prepare the enteric coating. The results showed that the adequate temperature for the spouted bed coating process was 50°C and that 0.2 mL of 6.5% Eudragit® S100 coating per cm2 capsule was resistant for 60 minutes at pH 6.8. The findings demonstrate the pharmaceutical application of Eudragit® S100 in the modification of the coating and the preparation of a delayed-release system of hard and soft capsules, thus enabling ileal release of active ingredients.
Molecular detection of oncogenic subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) in a group of women in the Amazon region of Brazil
Authors: Silva Alessandra Silva e , Bica Cláudia Giuliano , Vieira Aniúsca , Fantin Cleiton
Published: May 2020

The natural history of cervical cancer is strongly related to the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, with its relationship with cervical cancer being a matter of concern. It is estimated that 70% of all cervical cancers worldwide are caused by HPV 16 and 18. Accordingly, the present study aimed to contribute to the identification of HPV subtypes circulating in a group of women of Manaus-Brazil.  Cervical samples were collected from 49 women, following the eligibility criteria of the study, and DNA was then extracted from the samples, which were analyzed for the presence of the virus in the genetic material through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using generic primers (GP05/06). Finally, identification of the viral subtypes was performed using specific primers for the detection of the main subtypes already examined (16 and 18). Positive HPV DNA was detected in 100% of the samples included in the study. Human papillomavirus 16 was the most prevalent subtype in the majority of lesions, accounting for 29 (59.2%) of the positive cases, and HPV 18 was detected in four (8.2%) women. In these 4 cases there was co-infection, with the presence of both HPV 18 and HPV 16. Therefore, 40.8% (20 cases) in which HPV DNA was detected presented infection with other subtypes of HPV not included in the study. This data has clinical implications related to cervical cancer prevention, as the current prophylactic HPV vaccines are only effective against high-risk HPV 16 and 18 subtypes.
Study of the relationship between vitamin D deficiency, sunlight incidence and skeletal/extra skeletal diseases
Authors: Câmara Alice Barros , Brandão Igor Augusto
Published: May 2020

It is estimated that more than 1 billion people worldwide have vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Vitamin D participates in bone mineralization, and is therefore important in osteoporosis, osteomalacia and rickets prevention. However, vitamin D deficiency could also be associated with several other pathologies. The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D deficiency-related disorders in patients. In addition, this study aims to verify if countries with low solar incidence have higher extraskeletal disease death rates when compared to countries with high solar incidence. The vitamin D concentrations were obtained from the Heart Hospital database (Natal/Brazil). The relationship between solar incidence and death rate for vitamin D deficiency-related disorders was verified. Death rate data were extracted from the ‘World Life Expectancy’ repository and data about solar incidence were obtained from NASA’s Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy project. These data were statistically processed with IBM SPSS v23.0 software and R programming language. Our results showed that patients with vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency showed significantly more bone diseases, thyroid diseases, hypercholesterolemy, hypertriglyceridemia, cancers, diabetes, hepatobiliary diseases, and urinary system diseases. Moreover, countries with high solar incidence have low cancer and multiple sclerosis death rates. This work suggests the participation of vitamin D and sunlight incidence in several diseases.
HISTOLOGICAL VARIATIONS IN FALLOPIAN TUBE DURING VARIOUS PHASES OF OESTRUS CYCLE
Authors: Kumar Virendra , Srivastava Aditi
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The fallopian tube is the vital part of reproductive system where the fertilization of ova takes place. It also acts as a transporting channel for passing the ova and the products of conception to the uterus. To perform these vital functions fallopian tubes u ndergo various histological va riations during va rious phases of oestrus cycle.
Material & Methods: Histology of fallopian tubes of 50 female rabbits were studied by using H & E staining. Study of the cytology of vagina of the animal decided the phase of the oestrus cycle i.e. proestrus, oestrus, metaestrus and diestrus phases by Papaniculou's staining.
Observations and Results: The study revealed histological changes in relation to various phases of oestrus cycle. Epithelial surface area was maximum in oestrus phase. Secretory cells were most active in metaestrus and diestrus phases. Cilliary cells were prominent in proestrus and oestrus phases. The vascular activity was found maxim um in oestrus phase
A CADAVERIC STUDY ON THE ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF
THE MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE IN RELATION WITH MEDIAN
NERVE AND CORACOBRACHIALIS MUSCLE
Authors: Tripathi Alok , Kausar Hina , Arora Saurabh , Khare Satyam , Jain Shilpi , Kaushik Ram Kumar , Kumar Ajay
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Musculocutaneous nerve is derived from the lateral cord of brachial plexus and supplies the muscles of the arm. Initially the nerve accompanies the lateral side of third part of axillary artery and then pierces the coracobrachialis muscle after supplying it, passes downwards and laterally in between biceps brachii and brachialis sending branches to both and continues as lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. Variations of
musculocutaneous nerve is important for surgeons, orthopedic surgeons and traumatologists, so a detailed cadaveric study of musculocutaneous nerve was done to observe the variations.
Material & Methods: Musculocutaneous nerve was studied in 50 human cadavers (30 males and 20 females) of age group 40-60 years at Department of Anatomy, Subharti Medical College, Meerut, India.
Results: Musculocutaneous nerve was present in all the cases and was piercing the coracobrachialis muscle. In 4% of the cases, the nerve was rejoining the median nerve after piercing the coracobrachialis.
ESTIMATION OF STATURE FROM HAND LENGTH
Authors: Chourasia Rajveer Singh , Kumar Ranjeet
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Estimation of stature from hand length is considered as an important parameter in medico-legal and forensic examinations. When highly decomposed and mutilated dead bodies with fragmentary remains are brought for postmortem examination, it becomes difficult to identify the deceased. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this study to derive a linear regression equation for estimation of stature from the length of hand.
Material & Methods: The present study was conducted on 506 medical students (255 males and 251 females) of age group 18-25 years, at Index Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Indore. The measurements were taken by using standard anthropometric instruments.
Results: The observed data was subjected to statistical analysis. The ‘t’ test applied for correlation coefficient. The value of ‘t’ was found to be statistically significant. Simple linear regression equation derived was used for estimation of height.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the hand length provides good reliability in estimation of stature in forensic examinations and in medico-legal cases and the correlation between present parameters would be helpful in medico-legal cases for identification of individuals.
Regression equation derived can be of help in artificial limb centers for construction of prosthesis required in cases of amputations following gangrene, trauma, frostbite etc.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND HISTOMORPHOMETRIC STUDIES
ON THE EFFECTS OF OLANZAPINE ON KIDNEY: AN
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN ALBINO RATS
Authors: Akram Waqar , Faruqi Nafis Ahmad
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Olanzapine, a widely used atypical antipsychotic agent is known to cause nephrotoxic effects after prolonged use. Aim of the study was to find out detailed histopathological and histomorphometric information which might throw light on the mechanism of toxicity of olanzapine.
Material & Methods: Twelve albino rats were divided into equal number of experimental and control groups i.e. 6 each. Experimental rats received olanzapine, 4mg/kg, intraperitoneally for 6 weeks. Kidney tissue was processed for H/E stain.
Observation & Results: Extensive degenerative changes with generalized edema was observed as histopathological findings. Histomorphometry showed shrinkage of Bowman’s capsule and glomeruli.
Conclusion: Degeneration of kidney due to prolonged use of olanzapine is confirmed which might be due to direct effect on the organ or indirect effect due to toxicities on other organs.
OSTEOMETRY OF FEMUR WITH ITS CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Jha S , Chauhan R
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Femur osteometry is important for establishing individual identity, designing of prosthesis for hip
replacement surgeries, nail application, and determination of age and sex. Review of previous study showed a lack of extensive database. This study was undertaken to build baseline data for femur osteometry in North Indian population.
Material & Methods: One hundred and fifteen dry human femur of undetermined age and gender were collected for this study. Parameters namely length of femur, vertical diameter of head, transverse diameter of head, epicondylar breadth and neck shaft angle were measured using a vernier calliper. Data was analysed statistically
using SPSS 19 software.
Results: The mean values for length, vertical diameter head, transverse diameter head , epicondylar breadth and neck shaft angle were 418.16+27.34 mm, 38.43 ± 3.87mm, 35.41 ± 3.76mm, 72.06 ± 6.55mm and 121.5 º ± 6.14 respectively for the studied population.
Conclusion: Study signifies the importance of collecting ostemetric data of femur for a specific population due to ethnic and environmental factors affecting it.
A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF STERNAL FORAMEN IN DRY STERNUM
Authors: Tripathi Alok , Kumar Ajay , Raizaday Shobhit , Khare Satyam , Jain Shilpi , Kaushik Ram Kumar , Kausar Hina , Shweta Shweta
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Congenital defects during the development of sternum give rise to sternal foramen. These defects are due to incomplete fusion of sternebrae. Serious life-threatening complications can occur during sternal puncture for bone marrow biopsy. Therefore, knowledge of the presence of sternal foramen is important to
prevent these life-threatening complications. Our aim was to observe the incidence, location, number and shape of the sternal foramen in dry sterna.
Material & Methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, Subharti Medical College, Meerut in 100 dry sterna. Various types of sternal variations were observed and documented.
Results: In our study, 10% of the sterna had a sternal foramen. Single sternal foramen was present in 8 specimens (8%). Double foramina were present in 2 bones (2%).
Conclusion: Sternal foramen are not uncommon. Knowledge of these variations are important for radiologists and surgeons during bone marrow biopsy.
HISTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FORMALDEHYDE INHALATION ON THE ALVEOLAR ARCHITECTURE OF LUNGS OF ALBINO RATS
Authors: Saxena Parul , Sharma Archana , Gupta Antima , Chauhan Ketu , Saini Manish , Singh Ganesh
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Formaldehyde is a flammable, colourless, reactive, readily polymerized gas at normal room temperature and pressure. Formaldehyde vapour is readily absorbed from the lungs. Formaldehyde is combined with methanol and buffers to make embalming fluid. In the dissection hall, during embalming or cadaveric dissection and histo-pathological preservation, medical professionals are exposed to formaldehyde vapours. Respiratory system is the major target of formaldehyde. So, the present study aims to assess the histological changes on the architecture of alveoli of albino rats after inhalation of formaldehyde vapours.
Material & Methods: 24 albino rats were exposed to formaldehyde vapours for 28 days. They were exposed with various concentrations and thus 4 groups, having 6 rats in each, were made. They were sacrificed and the lung tissue was taken and studied by using H & E stain.
Results: The study shows a number of important histological changes which are concentration dependent.
Conclusion: It may be concluded from the present study that concentration of formaldehyde can affect significantly on the histopathology of the lungs of albino rats.
La educación virtual en la Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales de la UTP y su aporte a la sustentabilidad.
Authors: Jiménez Montoya Carlos Ignacio , Muñoz Ramírez Andrés Felipe , Lozano Valencia Jorge Alberto
Published: May 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como propósito indagar en el imaginario colectivo que sobre temas ambientales poseen los estudiantes del campus universitario de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, con el fin de incluir la dimensión ambiental en el quehacer de los profesionales que se forman al interior de esa institución. Para el cumplimiento del objetivo propuesto se plantea la complementariedad etnográfica como propuesta metodológica para consolidar la información. Una vez recopilados, analizados y aprobados en la práctica reflexiva los datos, se establece aquel y se consolida una cátedra virtual denominada «Producción y consumo sustentable», que se oferta como asignatura electiva para todos los programas académicos, logrando incorporar así la dimensión ambiental en todos los campos de formación profesional.
La investigación ambiental en el IF Sertão-PE y su contribución al desarrollo sostenible en los territorios semiáridos del Brasil.
Authors: Goncalves Rosa Pacheco Clecia Simone
Published: May 2020

El Instituto Federal de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología del Sertão Pernambucano (IF Sertão-PE) tiene la misión de promover el desarrollo regional sostenible, con énfasis en la ciencia y la tecnología, a través de la enseñanza, la investigación, la extensión e innovación, formando personas capaces de transformar la sociedad. Su visión es ser una institución de excelencia en todos los niveles y modalidades de enseñanza, articulados con la investigación y la extensión, comprometida con la transformación social, fundamentada en la ética y la ciudadanía. El propósito de este artículo es presentar algunos reportes de investigaciones desarrolladas y en desarrollo en el IF Sertão-PE y su relevancia para el desarrollo de los territorios semiáridos, buscando una convivencia sostenible entre la naturaleza y la sociedad, así como destacar el modo en que se desarrollan tales investigaciones y las actividades vinculadas a éstas, como forma práctica de ejecución entre la institución y la sociedad local y regional.
Contribución de la Universidad Tecnológica La Salle al desarrollo energético sostenible de Nicaragua.
Authors: Sandino Castillo Marco Vinicio
Published: May 2020

El desarrollo sostenible constituye un objetivo estratégico para Nicaragua, quien se ha propuesto como meta para el 2027 el empleo de fuentes renovables en el 90% de la generación energética que se produzca en el país, explotando al máximo las potencialidades que brinda la hídrica para alcanzar lo anterior. A tono con estas proyecciones, la Universidad Tecnológica La Salle, desde su fundación en 2009, ha contribuido a dicho propósito no solo desde la promoción del desarrollo sustentable y la formación de profesionales que lideren el cambio a través de carreras como Mecánica; Energías Renovables; Eléctrica y Eficiencia energética, esta última aún en fase de diseño; sino también desde la investigación e innovaciones tecnológicas mediante un centro de estudios sobre Biogás y Biodiesel, sus aplicaciones productivas y adaptaciones tecnológicas, las cuales se han implementado principalmente en zonas rurales con un alto impacto social. Asimismo, fuera del ámbito académico, la universidad es parte de redes nacionales e internacionales que se enfocan en la promoción y ejecución de proyectos en ámbitos de energías sostenibles. El presente trabajo expone estas experiencias a través del análisis documental de los datos recogidos en fuentes oficiales de instituciones y organismos nacionales e internacionales en esta área, así como informes de resultados, reglamentos, normativas y documentos de Universidad Tecnológica La Salle.
Materiais alternativos para concretos de cimento portland
Authors: Santos Cristiane Carine dos , Isaia Geraldo Cechella
Published: May 2020

A presente pesquisa visa analisar misturas de concreto com agregado residual de construção e demolição (RCD) através de ensaios de resistência à compressão axial. Os concretos estudados foram moldados com substituição de dois teores de agregado residual, o cimento também foi substituído parcialmente por dois tipos de pozolanas em misturas ternárias. Para os ensaios de resistência á compressão axial foram moldados corpos de prova cilíndricos e curados em câmara úmida por um período de 28 dias com relações a/mc de 0,35 ; 0,475 e 0,65. Também foi analisada a intensidades de ligantes e todos os resultados foram validados pela ANOVA. Através dos resultados pôde-se perceber que em relação ao traço referência (sem substituições), os concretos com pozolanas em misturas ternárias obtiveram resistência à compressão axial bem próximos do referência.
The Politicization of the Genocide Label: Genocide Rhetoric in the UN Security Council
Authors: Ringrose Michelle E
Published: May 2020

This article examines the intersection of language, power and national interest by discussing how the UN Security Council permanent five (P5) members navigate the linguistic rhetoric of genocide in debates surrounding the conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A discourse analysis methodology is adopted to ascertain how P5 member-states framed the genocide in Srebrenica through an analysis of linguistic themes and silences in council debates. This article argues that UN P5 members use language as a mechanism to frame a conflict in a particular way that aligns with their own national political interests. The article reaffirms the importance of genocide recognition, not only as a vital legal instrument, but one that has the ability to acknowledge the significance of an atrocity and an important variable in post-conflict growth and mediation.
Canaries in the Mineshaft of American Democracy: North American Settler Genocide in the Thought of Raphaël Lemkin
Authors: Bryant Michael
Published: May 2020

Although it is often assumed that Raphael Lemkin’s original concept of genocide related only to Nazi atrocities, in fact the elements of the offense as Lemkin construed it predate his elaboration of genocide in Axis Rule in Europe. It is clear from Lemkin’s published and unpublished writings that he intended his definition to apply to other mass exterminations, including settler-Indian interactions on the North American frontier. Lemkin forsook the constrictive hermeneutics of legal formalism in favour of a broad understanding of genocide. At the heart of his concept was a concern with the preservation of unique cultural forms—the very phenomena under threat from civilian settler colonialism. Lemkin’s surprisingly non-legalistic concept of genocide is rooted less in 20th century legal developments than in European Romanticism. While law was the integument of his concept, the urge to protect cultural ways of being in the world was its life-blood.
Carbon dioxide dynamics in an agricultural headwater stream driven by hydrology and primary production
Authors: Wallin Marcus B. , Audet Joachim , Peacock Mike , Sahlée Erik , Winterdahl Mattias
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Headwater streams are known to be hotspots for carbon dioxide
(CO2) emissions to the atmosphere and are hence important components in
landscape carbon balances. However, surprisingly little is known about
stream CO2 dynamics and emissions in agricultural settings, a land use
type that globally covers ca. 40 % of the continental area. Here we present
hourly measured in situ stream CO2 concentration data from a 11.3 km2 temperate agricultural headwater catchment covering more than 1
year (in total 339 d excluding periods of ice and snow cover). The stream
CO2 concentrations during the entire study period were generally high
(median 3.44 mg C L−1, corresponding to partial pressures (pCO2) of
4778 µatm) but were also highly variable (IQR = 3.26 mg C L−1). The CO2 concentration dynamics covered a variety of
different timescales from seasonal to hourly, with an interplay of
hydrological and biological controls. The hydrological control was strong
(although with both positive and negative influences dependent on
season), and CO2 concentrations changed rapidly in response to rainfall
and snowmelt events. However, during growing-season base flow and receding
flow conditions, aquatic primary production seemed to control the stream
CO2 dynamics, resulting in elevated diel patterns. During the dry summer
period, rapid rewetting following precipitation events generated high
CO2 pulses exceeding the overall median level of stream CO2 (up
to 3 times higher) observed during the whole study period. This finding
highlights the importance of stream intermittency and its effect on stream
CO2 dynamics. Given the observed high levels of CO2 and its
temporally variable nature, agricultural streams clearly need more attention
in order to understand and incorporate these considerable dynamics in large-scale extrapolations.
Identifying uncertainties in hydrologic fluxes and seasonality from hydrologic model components for climate change impact assessments
Authors: Feng Dongmei , Beighley Edward
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Assessing impacts of climate change on hydrologic systems
is critical for developing adaptation and mitigation strategies for water
resource management, risk control, and ecosystem conservation practices. Such
assessments are commonly accomplished using outputs from a hydrologic model
forced with future precipitation and temperature projections. The algorithms
used for the hydrologic model components (e.g., runoff generation) can
introduce significant uncertainties into the simulated hydrologic variables.
Here, a modeling framework was developed that integrates multiple runoff
generation algorithms with a routing model and associated parameter
optimizations. This framework is able to identify uncertainties from both
hydrologic model components and climate forcings as well as associated
parameterization. Three fundamentally different runoff generation
approaches, runoff coefficient method (RCM, conceptual), variable
infiltration capacity (VIC, physically based, infiltration excess), and
simple-TOPMODEL (STP, physically based, saturation excess), were coupled
with the Hillslope River Routing model to simulate surface/subsurface runoff
and streamflow. A case study conducted in Santa Barbara County, California,
reveals increased surface runoff in February and March but decreased
runoff in other months, a delayed (3 d, median) and shortened (6 d,
median) wet season, and increased daily discharge especially for the
extremes (e.g., 100-year flood discharge, Q100). The Bayesian model
averaging analysis indicates that the probability of such an increase can be up to
85 %. For projected changes in runoff and discharge, general circulation
models (GCMs) and emission scenarios are two major uncertainty sources,
accounting for about half of the total uncertainty. For the changes in
seasonality, GCMs and hydrologic models are two major uncertainty
contributors (∼35 %). In contrast, the contribution of
hydrologic model parameters to the total uncertainty of changes in these
hydrologic variables is relatively small (<6 %), limiting the
impacts of hydrologic model parameter equifinality in climate change impact
analysis. This study provides useful information for practices associated
with water resources, risk control, and ecosystem conservation and for
studies related to hydrologic model evaluation and climate change impact
analysis for the study region as well as other Mediterranean regions.