bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of environmental niche models for use in underwater vehicle navigation
Authors: Fitzpatrick Michael , Reis Gregory M. , Anderson Jacob , Bobadilla Leonardo , Al Sabban Wesam , Smith Ryan N.
Published: April 2020

This paper presents a review of Environmental Niche Modeling and a methodology for isolating the environmental niche of an aquatic species, given that prior information is available for characterising the physical tolerances for that species. To test and demonstrate our methodology, the environmental niche of the kelp bass has been isolated within Big Fisherman's Cove, Santa Catalina Island, CA, at specific confidence intervals. The motivation for this examination is to demonstrate the utility of ecological analysis in Robotics. Specifically, the utilisation of physical water properties to provide relative navigation and localisation for an aquatic robot. The environmental niches act as navigational landmarks in the seemingly featureless underwater environment. As water patches tend to stick together, this provides persistent landmarks for use in aquatic navigation problems. We provide the background and development of Environmental Niche Models, and present results from field trials for solving the navigation and localisation problem for underwater vehicles. Specifically, we provide results from a technique developed by the authors that utilises physical water parameters, e.g., temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, etc., to localise an underwater vehicle in a given region. The presented method leverages the concept of Environmental Niche Models to provide accurate position estimation that rivals GPS accuracy.
Mobile robot position control in environment with static obstacles
Authors: Giannousakis Konstantinos , Tzes Anthony
Published: April 2020

This study addresses the problem of efficiently navigating a differential drive mobile robot to a target pose in a region with obstacles, without explicitly generating a trajectory. The robot is assumed to be equipped with an omnidirectional range sensor, while the region may or may not be a priori known. Given the known obstacles in each iteration of the controller, the shortest path connecting the robot and the target point provides a raw desired movement direction. Considering the unobstructed area in that direction, the size of the robot and the obstacle contours in its visibility range, the reference direction is determined. Finally, respecting the velocity and acceleration constraints of the robot, the angular velocity is properly selected to rotate the robot towards the reference direction, while the linear velocity is chosen to efficiently minimise the distance to the final target, as well as to avoid collisions. After the robot has reached the target, the controller switches to orientation mode in order to fix the orientation. Experimental studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Image stylisation: from predefined to personalised
Authors: Garcia‐Dorado Ignacio , Getreuer Pascal , Wronski Bartlomiej , Milanfar Peyman
Published: April 2020

The authors present a framework for interactive design of new image stylisations using a wide range of predefined filter blocks. Both novel and off‐the‐shelf image filtering and rendering techniques are extended and combined to allow the user to unleash their creativity to intuitively invent, modify, and tune new styles from a given set of filters. In parallel to this manual design, they propose a novel procedural approach that automatically assembles sequences of filters, leading to unique and novel styles. An important aim of the authors’ framework is to allow for interactive exploration and design, as well as to enable videos and camera streams to be stylised on the fly. In order to achieve this real‐time performance, they use the Best Linear Adaptive Enhancement (BLADE) framework – an interpretable shallow machine learning method that simulates complex filter blocks in real time. Their representative results include over a dozen styles designed using their interactive tool, a set of styles created procedurally, and new filters trained with their BLADE approach.
Distributed congestion management of distribution networks to integrate prosumers energy operation
Authors: Ai Xin , Wu Jiechen , Hu Junjie , Yang Zhao , Yang Guangya
Published: April 2020

A distributed congestion management scheme based on iterative distribution locational marginal price (iDLMP) to integrate distributed energy resources into the distribution network has been studied recently. However, this scheme has a requirement on the optimisation formulation for prosumers, i.e. the suboptimisation problem should be a convex one, which in certain cases might face challenges. A typical example is the non‐linear constraints of the energy storage system (ESS), which ensures that charging and discharging of ESS are mutually exclusive. In this study, the authors consider the prosumer as a self‐organising unit to integrate diverse resource flexibilities. Two roles exist in prosumer's energy operation: as a producer and as a consumer, which are also mutually exclusive for one prosumer at one time. When applying the iDLMP method to integrate prosumers energy operation, one meets a similar challenge as before. Thus, they make some reasonable assumptions about the transformer capacity, line capacity, and the price sensitivity parameters to convexify the optimisation problem. With these assumptions, a distributed convex optimisation framework is developed for the prosumers that can handle the non‐convexity issue in the optimisation problem. The numerical results indicate that the proposed method can achieve local energy sharing in the distribution network, respecting the line congestion alleviation.
Sixteen overlooked open clusters in the fourth Galactic quadrant
Authors: Perren G. I. , Giorgi E. E. , Moitinho A. , Carraro G. , Pera M. S. , Vázquez R. A.
Published: April 2020

Aims. This paper has two main objectives: (1) To determine the intrinsic properties of 16 faint and mostly unstudied open clusters in the poorly known sector of the Galaxy at 270° −300° to probe the Milky Way structure in future investigations. (2) To address previously reported systematics in Gaia DR2 parallaxes by comparing the cluster distances derived from photometry with those derived from parallaxes.

Methods. Deep UBVI photometry of 16 open clusters was carried out. Observations were reduced and analyzed in an automatic way using the ASteCA package to obtain individual distances, reddening, masses, ages, and metallicities. Photometric distances were compared to those obtained from a Bayesian analysis of Gaia DR2 parallaxes.

Results. Ten out of the sixteen clusters are true or highly probable open clusters. Two of them are quite young and follow the trace of the Carina Arm and the already detected warp. The remaining clusters are placed in the interarm zone between the Perseus and Carina Arms, as expected for older objects. We found that the cluster van den Berg-Hagen 85 is 7.5 × 109 yr old, which means that it is one of the oldest open clusters detected in our Galaxy so far. The relationship of these ten clusters with the Galaxy structure in the solar neighborhood is discussed. The comparison of distances from photometry and parallaxes data in turn reveals a variable level of disagreement.

Conclusions. Various zero-point corrections for Gaia DR2 parallax data recently reported were considered for a comparison between photometry- and parallax-based distances. The results tend to improve with some of these corrections. Photometric distance analysis suggests an average correction of ∼+0.026 mas (to be added to the parallaxes). The correction may have a more intricate dependence on distance, but addressing this level of detail will require a larger cluster sample.
Anti-lipidemic Effect of Fractions of Peristrophe bivalvis Leaf in NG-nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) Treated Rats
Authors: Aluko Esther Oluwasola , Omobowale Temidayo Olutayo , Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Fasanmade Adesoji Adedipe
Published: April 2020

Purpose The reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability accelerates atherosclerosis development, augments lipolysis, elevates blood pressure and upregulate leukocyte level. This study was designed to examine the biochemical constituents of fractions of Peristrophe bivalvis (PB) leaf, their effect on blood pressure, serum lipid contents and complete blood count in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats.

Method Male Wistar rats were grouped into control and hypertensive groups. The hypertensive group was pretreated with 60 mg/kg b.w of L-NAME (L-NAME60) daily for two weeks. They were then randomly sub-grouped into: Hypertensive (H), Hypertensive+n-hexane fraction (HHF), Hypertensive+dichloromethane fraction (HDF), Hypertensive+ethyl acetate fraction (HEF) and Hypertensive+aqueous fraction (HAF) groups. These were orally gavaged with L-NAME60 and L-NAME60+200 mg/kg b.w of fractions of PB respectively, daily for two weeks.

Result The biochemical components analysis of the fractions of PB identified numerous polar and non polar compounds like alkaloids, organic acids and esters. The results showed a significant increase in NO level in HHF and HEF groups compared to H. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very LDL-C were significantly decreased in HAF group compared to H. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased significantly and atherogenic indices decreased significantly in HHF, HDF and HAF groups compared to H, while reduced glutathione level increased significantly in HHF group compared to H. White blood cells count effectively decreased in HEF group compared to H.

Conclusion In brief, the fractions of PB leaf increased HDL-C and NO, and decrease atherogenic indices in L-NAME treated rats.
Outcome of West Syndrome: A Critical Review
Authors: Adhikari Sudhir , Gautam Deepa
Published: April 2020

West syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous electro-clinical syndrome starting in early infancy. Short-term goal of therapy is spasm control and with standard hormonal or vigabatrin treatment, spasms can be controlled in 60 to 80% of patients in 2 weeks to 3 months period. Hormonal treatment with oral steroid is an alternative therapy to injectable adrenocorticotropin hormone, especially in low resource areas. Vigabatrin is preferred in tuberous sclerosis patients. Long-term aim of treatment is sustained remission of seizures and better neurodevelopmental outcome. About 50 to 70% of children are spasm free for prolonged duration, but epilepsy with multiple seizure types including Lennox–Gastaut syndrome is evident in 20 to 40% of children in long-term follow-up. Though hypsarrhythmia is helpful for the diagnosis, prognostic role of the resolution of electroencephalographic abnormalities is still uncertain. Seizures can be controlled in 40 to 60% of the patients, but only 12 to 40% children have normal neurodevelopmental outcome and a third of children are left with severe disabilities. Children with unknown etiology and normal development at spasm onset have better clinical outcome. Young age at onset, nonstandard therapy have less favorable outcome. Surgery is helpful for spasm control in patients with structural lesions and refractory spasms even in the absence of structural lesions.
Two-dimensional turbulent flow in a channel of constant width
Authors: Abramov V V , Sumbatyan M A
Published: April 2020

The paper deals with the classical problem about a flow of viscous incompressible fluid in an infinite channel of constant width. The problem is solved in the two-dimensional case, both in the laminar and turbulent flow regimes, using as a mathematical model the Navier-Stokes equations in terms of vorticity-stream functions. The presented algorithm is a semi-analytical iterative method, based on the construction of special Green’s functions in the form of expansion in a Fourier series over the transverse coordinate for the channel.
Functionally graded prismatic triangular rod under torsion
Authors: Akinlabi E. T. , Mikhin M. N. , Murashkin E. V.
Published: April 2020

The paper considers the problem of torsion of a growing viscoelastic prismatic rod with integral boundary conditions at the ends. The process of continuous growth under the influence of torque is studied. The distributions of the intensity of tangential stresses at various stages of the building process are investigated. The calculations of the torsion problem of a prismatic rod with a section in the form of a regular triangle are presented.
Wave energy localization near the rough surfaces of piezoelectric waveguide. Near-surface inhomogeneities as a resonator or filter
Authors: Avetisyan A S , Kamalyan A A , Hunanyan A A
Published: April 2020

Propagation of high-frequency electro-elastic normal wave signal in a composite waveguide is investigated. The roughnesses on a two surfaces of the piezoelectric waveguide are filled with an ideal conductor and ideal dielectric respectively. The both of the influence of surface roughness and the influence non-homogeneity of materials near the surfaces on the process of high frequency electro-elastic normal wave signal propagation, is discussed. The behaviors the frequency characteristics of wave in the composite waveguide at the propagation of normal wave signals numerically are investigated. The problem by the method of virtual cross sections and input of Magneto Elastic Layered System (MELS) hypotheses is solved. It is shown that in a case of not filled roughness of the piezoelectric layer surfaces, only two short wave modes are arise. The filling of the surface roughness with a dielectric or a conductor respectively, leads to the appearance of up to four such wave modes, depending at the wave signal length. The dispersion dependencies for all possible characteristic modes of shear electroelastic waves are given. It is shown that in a case of the propagation of slow waves, on certain wave lengths the silence frequency zones are arise.
On a stability problem of a preliminary compressed console plate
Authors: Belubekyan M V , Belubekyan V M
Published: April 2020

A rectangular plate with two opposite free edges is considered. One of the remaining edges is clumped and the other is free. It is assumed that the plate is uniformly compressed in the direction fo the two opposite free edges. The commonly adopted solution under the approximation of elongated plate is analyzed. It is established that along this solution, additional solutions exist within same approximation.
Effect of inertial mass on elastic waveguide characteristics
Authors: Belubekyan M V , Sarkisyan S V
Published: April 2020

When studying the process of wave propagation in elastic bodies the choice of boundary conditions is important. In this paper we propose a simple model to study the effect of the inertial mass distributed over the plane of the elastic layer on the characteristics of the elastic waveguide.
Optimal designing of a ribbed cylindrical panel made of composite material
Authors: Belubekyan E V , Poghosyan A G
Published: April 2020

The shallow open-profile cylindrical shell strengthened in the middle with a stiffener rib and made of orthotropic composite material are considered under internal normal load.

A problem of determination of optimal geometrical and physical parameters of the construction that maximize its rigidity and strength for given overall shell dimensions and fixed weight equal to the weight of a shell of constant thickness is investigated.

The stated optimization problem is reduced to a nonlinear programming problem, which is solved by the deformable polyhedron method in combination with the method of direct search and using the parallel computing package in the Wolfram Mathematic software application.

Numerical examples are given on the basis of which it is shown that the optimal choice of the shell and the rib parameters can substantially increase both the rigidity and strength of the ribbed construction in comparison with the shell of constant thickness of equal weight.
Nonstandard caustics for localized solutions of the 2d shallow water equations with applications to wave propagation and run-up on a shallow beach
Authors: Dobrokhotov S , Nazaikinskii V
Published: April 2020

The usual semiclassical approximation is not directly applicable to linearized two-dimensional shallow water equations with localized initial data describing long waves (for example, tsunami waves) in a bounded basin of variable depth, because the momentum variables on the geometric optics rays become infinite at the boundary of the region. To obtain asymptotic solutions, one needs to extend the phase space and introduce a modified Maslov canonical operator. The paper gives a brief survey of some results obtained in this direction by the authors and their colleagues.
Forced shift vibrations of stamp on the border of composite half-space with interfacial partially detached thin inclusions from the matrix
Authors: Hakobyan V N , Amirjanyan H A , Dashtoyan L L
Published: April 2020

This article considers shear stationary oscillations of an absolutely rigid stamp with a flat base on the boundary plane of a composite half-space, formed by junction of homogeneous layer and half-space with interphase stripe thin absolutely rigid inclusions, one of the long sides of which is detached from the matrix. It is assumed that the half-space is deformed under the influence of periodically changing concentrated linear loads applied to the stamp and inclusions. A governing system of SIE of the second kind with respect to the amplitudes of the contact stresses acting under the stamp and inclusions, as well as the dislocation of the points of the crack edges, was obtained. Simple formulas are written for determining the intensity coefficients at the end points of cracks and crack opening.
On linear wear of a layered base by a system of rough punches
Authors: Kazakov K E , Kurdina S P
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to solving the problem of linear wear of a base with a nonuniform coating by a system of punches with complex base profile. Such coatings can be obtained, for example, using additive manufacturing technology. It is shown that to this end it is necessary to study and construct a solution to the system of mixed integral equations with additional conditions, which include several rapidly changing functions, since the punches can have a complex shape, and the coating nonuniformity can be described even by a discontinuous function. In the constructed solution, the functions related to the properties of the coating and the forms of the dies are explicitly identified, which allows efficient and accurate calculations.
On the flat interaction of foundations and punches with complex forms of contacting surfaces
Authors: Kazakov K E , Sahakyan A A
Published: April 2020

Current work is devoted to solving the problem of the action of an arbitrary system of punches on a coated base in the case of plane strain. It is assumed that all the punches are different and their shapes and coating thickness can be described by complex rapidly changing functions. In this case the classical methods are ineffective and it is necessary to use a special approach, which consists in highlighting the features of the individual terms and factors and further application of the A.V. Manzhirov generalized projection method.
The determining of stressed state in the elastic body with a broken line shaped inclusion when the harmonic oscillations of the longitudinal shear
Authors: Litvin O V , Popov V G
Published: April 2020

The problem the determining of stressed state in the vicinity of the tunnel rigid inclusion when it’s cross-section a broken is considered. The inclusion is located in an infinite elastic medium and harmonic shear force impacts on it. It is supposed the inclusion is fully coupled with the medium. The problem is reduced to the solution of at system singular integral equations with fixed singularities. A numerical method of the solving of this system with regard to true asymptotic of the unknown functions is developed.
Critical stresses determination in case of pore formation for coarse- and ultrafine-grained Al-6101 under static tension
Authors: Magomedova D K , Efimov M A , Churakova A A , Ryabokon D V , Gunderov D V
Published: April 2020

The stress-strain diagrams and the distribution of triaxial stresses, taking into account the difference in geometry for various structural states in Al-6101 under static loading, are analyzed in this paper.
Compliance functions for a thermoelastic FGM coated half-plane with incomplete adhesion between the coating and substrate
Authors: Volkov S S , Vasiliev A S , Aizikovich S M , Sadyrin E V
Published: April 2020

A thermoelastic half-plane with a functionally graded thermoelastic coating with arbitrary independently varying properties in depth is considered. The coating and the substrate are assumed to be imperfectly bonded (incomplete adhesion between the layers). Arbitrary distributed static thermomechanical loading is applied to the surface. The paper addresses to the construction and analysis of the compliance functions. These functions describing the linear correspondence between the Fourier transformations of the surface distribution of normal stresses, tangential stresses and heat flux on one side and displacements and temperature difference on the other side. Asymptotic analysis of the compliance functions is provided as well as the numerical results illustrating the difference between homogeneous and functionally graded coatings and the dependence at the coefficient describing the degree of imperfection of the coating-substrate bonding.
Simulation of the shape deflection for the spherical shell of the space calibration-adjustment spacecraft
Authors: Zarubin V S , Zimin V N , Kuvyrkin G N
Published: April 2020

The spherical shell made with high accuracy is one of the possible geometric shapes for passive orbital signal repeaters and calibration-adjustment spacecrafts used to determine the energy potential of the radar channel of the ground-based complex needed to control the space object motion. Under the solar radiation, an uneven temperature distribution over the surface of such a shell causing a deviation of its shape from the spherical one occurs. To determine these deviations, the steady-state temperature distribution for the shell with a fixed orientation relative to the Sun obtained by solving the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind is used. A quantitative analysis of the possible alignment of a quasi-stationary distribution of the shell temperature in case of the shell rotation with a constant angular velocity around the axis perpendicular to the direction to the Sun is carried out.
Simulation of the temperature state of the spacecraft shell in the shadow part of the orbit
Authors: Zarubin V S , Zimin V N , Savelyeva I Yu
Published: April 2020

The thermal model describing the steady-state temperature state of the aluminized polymer spherical shell for the calibration spacecraft located in the shadow part of the Earth orbit is constructed. This model takes into account transfer of the thermal energy in the shell cavity by means of radiation and allows us to formulate the dependence of the temperature distribution over the shell surface on the spacecraft height above the Earth and on the radiation coefficients of the outer and inner surfaces of the shell. The quantitative analysis of the obtained dependence showed that when the mentioned radiation coefficients were increased, the temperature distribution would equalized over the shell surface. At the same time, the isothermal section of the shell with the lowest temperature located on the opposite from the Earth side of the shell was remained. When the spacecraft height above the Earth increases the area of isothermal section will increase, too, and a significant reduction of the average temperature will have place. This fact must be considered when estimating the availability of the used polymer material of the shell.
Comparison of Biogas Productivity in Thermophilic and Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Bioethanol Liquid Waste
Authors: Wardani N A , Afiqah N , Azis M M , Budhijanto W
Published: April 2020

Most of the anaerobic digesters in Indonesia are run under mesophilic conditions because the Indonesian climate is sufficiently pleasant to maintain mesophilic conditions easily. On the other hand, thermophilic anaerobic digestion offers an advantage of a much higher biogas production rate, although it needs more tedious control and energy supply to achieve the thermophilic temperature of 50-60°C. We run laboratory-scale experiments to compare the process performance of anaerobic digestion of bioethanol liquid waste (vinasse) at mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. Inoculum on this test using digested cow manure. Start-up was conducted with only the inoculum inside the reactors. After the reactor passed through the starvation period, the vinasse feeding was started. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) was gradually decreasing from 60, 42, until 30 days. Each step of HRT took 7 up to 14 days for stabilization. At the same HRT, thermophilic reactors produced biogas at the rate of four times faster than the mesophilic reactors. The methane concentration in the biogas for the thermophilic process was relatively the same as the mesophilic one. With such a higher rate of biogas production, the energy cost for thermophilic can be possibly better compensated.
Analysis of Electricity Generation from Landfill Gas (Case Study: Manggar Landfill, Balikpapan)
Authors: Banaget C K , Frick B , Saud M N I L
Published: April 2020

Despite of adverse impacts on the environment, landfill has big potency as renewable energy sources since it generates biogas from organic waste degradation process which can be used for power plant purposes. In 2017, the volume of waste disposed to Manggar Landfill was 128, 000 tons, which mostly are organic waste (59.4%). Therefore, this study aims to estimate the amount of energy that can be generated from landfill as methane, by calculating biogas production in landfill based on waste generation, as well as composition using LandGem and Afvalzorg model. In 2017, Manggar landfill produced about 4×103Mg CH4/year or about 5.31 to 6.44×106 m3/year. The estimated methane then converted to electricity using gas engine and trigeneration methods. Using gas engine, methane from Manggar Landfill is predicted to produce electricity about 787 MWh/month. On the other hand, if trigeneration method applied (by keeping the same gas engine as before), it produces 41.8% of heat which convert to 29.3 kWh of cold. In conclusion, it will be beneficial if Manggar Landfill capture and treat methane for generating electricity since Manggar Landfill produces about 6.44×106 m3/year which can be used for electricity purposes of around 10, 000 people using gas engine.
Performance Evaluation of Jatibarang Reservoir Due to Land Use Changing
Authors: Sarminingsih A , Samudro G
Published: April 2020

Jatibarang Reservoir is located on the Kreo River. These reservoir functions are flood control, water supply, and hydroelectric power. The total capacity is around 20.4 million m3. The spillway is designed at elevation +148.9 with a width of 15 m, capacity Q50 = 240 m3/s, and an emergency spillway at +151.80 m, the width of 60 m with a capacity of 1350 m3/s. This paper aims to evaluate the performance of reservoirs in their function as flood control, due to land-use changes in upstream of the reservoir catchment area. The method which was used is the HEC HMS. Land use map data is used for the 2016 and spatial planning map of Central Java province for 2011-2031. The results were obtained are the hydrological parameters increase in CN and imperviousness, decrease in initial storage, and initial abstraction wich increasing flood discharge. The impact of this, an emergency spillway that was designed for discharges higher than Q50, must function at discharge that smaller than Q50. The initial design, Q50 water level elevation below +151.8, but with the change in hydrological parameters, water level elevation of Q50 increase up to + 152.2.
Filariasis Vulnerability Zonation Based on Environmental and Behavioural Aspects in Pekalongan City, Indonesia
Authors: Siwiendrayanti A , Pawenang E T , Indarjo S , Hikmah I H
Published: April 2020

Pekalongan City is a filariasis endemic area in Central Java, Indonesia with Mf-rate >1%. It had held Mass Drug Administration (MDA) in 2011-2015. The evaluation result recommended it to re-hold MDA. This study aimed to compose filariasis vulnerability zonation based on environmental and behavioural aspects in Pekalongan City. The observed environmental aspects were the location of shrubs, cattle pen and tidal flood. The surveyed behavioural aspects were applicating mosquito repellent and hanging clothes habits. Filariasis cases data were collected from health office. This was a descriptive quantitative study with spatial approach. The environmental and behavioural aspects were observed and surveyed in 6 urban villages (38 RWs) with 387 households as samples which were chosen with proportional random sampling. The instruments were checklist sheets, Global Positioning System (GPS), satellite imagery and GIS software. Data were analysed with scoring, buffering and overlaying procedures. Results indicated some areas were categorized as highly vulnerable where shrubs, cattle pen, tidal flood and hanging clothes habit were present. It was concluded that all urban villages in this study had highly vulnerable RWs which are very potential for filariasis transmission. Applicating mosquito repellent habit was not potential aspect for controlling filariasis transmission in the studied areas.
Environmental Sanitation and Health “Nasi Sek” (Seribu Kenyang) Restaurant in Gandoriah Beach Pariaman City
Authors: Anggraini H , Sari S M , Razak A , Dewata I
Published: April 2020

The role of restaurants as food and beverage providers must have proper environmental sanitation and health requirement. This research carried out at the restaurant “Nasi Sek” (Seribu Kenyang), which was around Gandoriah Beach, Pariaman City. The purpose of this study was to decide the feasibility of environmental sanitation and the health of the restaurant “Nasi Sek” (Seribu Kenyang). “Nasi Sek” (Seribu Kenyang) is located around the Gandoriah Beach tourism object in Pariaman City. The feasibility was evaluated from the view of building aspects, food conditions, food processing equipment, kitchen, sanitation, and hygiene facilities. This study uses the method of direct observation and then analyzed descriptively referring to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1098 of 2003 on sanitation requirements for restaurant hygiene and restaurant sanitation. Subject research is restaurants around Gandoriah Beach. The results showed that the restaurant “Nasi Sek” (Seribu Kenyang) around the Gandoriah beach in Pariaman City had not fulfilled the feasibility of sanitation and health of the restaurant environment. From the aspect of the building that was not permanent and the condition of the restaurant floor that did not meet standards, The chef or food handler at the restaurant around Gadoriah Beach did not fulfill the requirements of the Minister of Health Decree in 2003. Suggestions for relevant agencies to supervise and guide restaurants in Gandoriah Beach can improve sanitation hygiene and restaurant environment health.
Potential Tropical Fruits to Aid Sports Performance and its Prospect to be Developed into Nano supplement
Authors: Chabib L , Trianloka A M B , Hidayat A U M J , Awaluddin R , Firmansyah F
Published: April 2020

The competition in sports is getting tougher, and the drives to achieve better result has led the athletes to indiscriminately use dietary supplements, including herbal ones. Fruits relatively can acts as a support in health and exercise thanks to its rich content of macro- and micronutrients, fiber, minerals, vitamin and a number of bioactive phytochemical components. The aim of this study is to review and gather information on tropical fruits which is capable to improve athlete’s performance and its prospect to be developed into nano supplement. This review examined online literatures via PubMed, Sciendirect, and Google Scholar. Based on the literatures, the exercise performance can be improved by various compounds found in tropical fruits such as banana, cherry, grape, pomegranate, and watermelon. Overall, tropical fruits can aid sports performance by improving physical strength, increasing the recovery in injury, attenuate muscle soreness, and reducing fatigue. It is suggested that there is possibility to apply nanotechnology to formulate fruits based sport supplement in the form of nanoparticles.
Community Engagement in a Social Movement: A Case of Geothermal Energy Development in Gunung Talang – Bukit Kili area
Authors: Fajri H , Nurhabibi P , Saputra B , Yuanjaya P
Published: April 2020

Social movements often emerge in response to repressive actions taken by the government towards the community. The main entities that become movers in social movements are civilian communities, be they NGOs, social activist groups, or communities with various other backgrounds. The purpose of this study is to look at the strategies of civil society groups in West Sumatra in developing discourse to increase community engagement. This research is in the form of case studies that focus on civilian communities that oppose geothermal development around the Gunung Talang - Bukit Kili area. This area is planned to be built a Geothermal Power Plant with an energy capacity of 20 Mw. Data is collected through field observations, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the communities involved in the movement could be categorized into three groups, namely NGOs, Students, and the Community of Interest, and each group had different strategies in increasing community engagement. The background of the group influences the approach.
The Effect of Asiatic Acid and Metformin on The Viability Percentage of Mouse Macrophage Cell Lines RAW264.7 and Mouse Fibroblast Cell Lines NIH3T3
Authors: Awaluddin R , Nugrahaningsih D A A , Solikhah E N , Chabib L
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Diabetes can be caused by inflammatory regulation disorders. Metformin has been reported that inhibits the physiological function of normal cells. Asiatic acid, a bioactive compound from Centella asiatica, has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent for diabetes, but little is known about its toxic effects on macrophage cells and fibroblast cells. Objective: The study aims to evaluate the toxic effects of Asiatic acid and metformin on the viability of RAW264.7 macrophage cells and NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. Method: Asiatic acid and metformin with seven concentrations were given to RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines and NIH3T3 fibroblast cell lines. Viability percentage is calculated using the 3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-il) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method, and the absorbance is measured at 595nm. Results: Results have shown that Asiatic acid with concentrations> 12.5 μg/mL decreases the viability of RAW264.7 and NIH3T3 cells drastically. RAW264.7 and NIH3T3 cells that had been given metformin concentrations of 11.6 μg/mL to 370 μg/mL still showed a large percentage of cell viability. Conclusion: Asiatic acid has shown that the cytotoxic effect is greater than metformin, so it is necessary to pay attention to the concentration of the treatment.
Application of Hydrogeological Mapping and Geospatial Analysis to Determine Recharge and Discharge Areas in Sumowono Groundwater Basin
Authors: Putranto T T , Susanto N , Pangestuti DR , Alexander K
Published: April 2020

Sumowono groundwater basin is locating at Semarang Regency, Temanggung Regency, and some part in Kendal Regency. Increasing population growth in the Sumowono groundwater basin area is the cause of increasing water demand. This study aims to determine groundwater utility by the community, the value of each determinant parameters of the recharge area, and the distribution of recharge and discharge areas. The research methods were hydrogeological mapping and geospatial analysis, which includes combining several geological and hydrogeological parameters, namely hydraulic conductivity, precipitation, soil cover, slope, water table depth, and electrical conductivity (EC). Based on the result of the hydrogeological mapping, groundwater is mainly used for irrigation, fisheries, industry and domestic purposes. The soil covers consist of sandy clay and clay sand. The slope has a value of 0°-40°. Rainfall has a range 2, 500-3, 200 mm/year, depth of water table is up to 20 m below ground surface. The hydraulic conductivity values are 3.1 m/day (tuffaceous sandstone), and 270 m/day (volcanic breccia) with the EC values is 36-550 µS/cm. Based on the results of the geospatial analysis, the recharge area is spreading in the south and the east, while the discharge area is located in the northern part of the study area.
Evaluation of PM10 Concentrations in West Sumatra during Rainy Season
Authors: Goembira F , Adinda  , Farnas Z , Ihsan T , Djafri D
Published: April 2020

Pollutant concentrations in ambient air are fluctuating and influenced by the environment self-purification capability, such as by rainfall occasions. This research was done to evaluate ambient air particulate matter 10 (PM10) concentrations in West Sumatra Province during rainy season. Data from four sampling locations were collected, in which two of them were collected by automatic data collection in air quality monitoring station (AQMS) located at a roadside in the front yard of West Sumatra Governor Office, and Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) located at a background concentration area in Bukit Koto Tabang. Meanwhile, data in two other locations were collected by using a low volume air sampler. These two locations represent industrial area that is adjacent to a cement factory, and a campus area that is located nearby an agricultural area. The measurement results show that the highest PM10 of 68.71±10.99 µg/Nm3 was measured nearby the cement production plant, which exceeded World Health Organization (WHO) threshold for 24-hour measurement. However, it is still below the Indonesian National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). On the other hand, the rest locations still met both standards, i.e. 13.20±3.11, 28.60±13.97, and 33.85±8.41 µg/Nm3, at the background concentration area, Governor Office, and the campus area, respectively.
Analysis of Total Mangrove Carbon Stock Degradation in Kendari Bay
Authors: Iswandi  , Helmi M , Hadiyanto
Published: April 2020

Mangrove ecosystems are one of the blue carbon ecosystems in the coastal region. Mangroves can assimilate high carbon and can save carbon in the long term. Settlements and various centres of community activities have developed on the coast of Kendari Bay, which drastically decreased mangrove vegetation. Research on blue carbon placed in mangrove forests is vital to be carried out to determine changes in regional conditions in the coastal region. Spatial modelling is used to estimate the degradation of blue carbon stocks. A remote sensing data is required for producing spatial and temporal maps. InVEST (Integrated Assessment of Ecosystem Services and Sacrifices) can be used for mapping and modelling total carbon stock changes based on land cover changing in Kendari Bay. Carbon stocks can be calculated through spatial and temporal mapping in InVEST with past, present and future scenarios. Spatial dan temporal maps form InVEST can be considered in determining policies related to mangrove management and making more appropriate decisions in managing Kendari Bay area.
Exposure of Dust Inhaled with Lung Vital Capacity in Traffic Police Polres Ambon Moluccas
Authors: Fika E C , Suwondo A , Nurjazuli
Published: April 2020

Traffic police is a profession that has a very high risk of being exposed to air dust and pollutants. This study aims to analyze the exposure of dust inhaled and the lung vital capacity of traffic police. The study design was observational analytic with a cross-sectional study with a sample of 58 traffic police. Data collection by interview, measurement of dust levels inhaled using Personal Dust Sampler (PDS) and measurement of vital lung capacity with a spirometer. The majority of respondents aged >30 years (70.7%), working period >5 years (63.8%), smoking habits (62.1%), ability to exercise (34.5%), and use personal protective equipment (masks) (39.7%). The measurement results of inhaled dust levels (62.1%) and the results of the measurement of the lung vital capacity of traffic police (77.6%) had pulmonary dysfunction. The results of the research relation respirable dust exposure with lung vital capacity were respirable dust levels have no significant relation to the lung vital capacity traffic police p-value of 0.095 (p<0.05). This is possible because of influences from outside the workplace, habits, and lifestyle and does not use personal protective equipment (masks) when tasked with managing traffic.
Comparison of Suspended Particulate Matter Prediction Based on Linear and Non-Linear Models
Authors: Sumiyati S , Warsito B
Published: April 2020

Air pollution has been a serious problem in recent years. Air pollutants consist of gaseous pollutants, odours, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) such as dust, fumes, mist, and smoke. SPM has the potential to cause environmental and health problems. With the aim to anticipate the impact, SPM prediction from time to time is needed. In this research, we compared four models for predicting the SPM data. The two linear models selected were ARIMA and wavelet whereas the two non-linear models were neural networks based models, i.e. Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) and General Regression Neural Network (GRNN). All four models are built with the same input, which were the past data at the same lagged time based on the best ARIMA model. By using lagged time data as input, the goal is to predict the current of SPM data. Model accuracy is measured based on RMSE values, both in training and testing data. Data processing has provided interesting results that show the superiority of nonlinear models over linear models, especially in the training data.
Banana Tree as Natural Biofilter for Organic Contaminant in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Zaman B , Sutrisno E , Cahyani F P , Raharyani D M
Published: April 2020

An organic contaminant is one of the environmental issues in the wastewater. Organic contaminants in wastewater may produce toxic chemicals during disinfection. Nowadays, food industries and restaurants are the main contributors to the organic contaminant in the wastewater. Organic contaminant caused the increase of BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), TSS (Total Suspended Solid), and decrease DO (Dissolved Oxygen). The purpose of this article is to evaluate the efficiency of removing the organic contaminant from wastewater with natural biofilter from a banana tree. The efficiency of the banana tree was analyzed in terms of decreasing BOD, COD and the content of TSS. The parts of a banana tree that can be removed the organic contaminant from wastewater is its stem. The Banana stem used as natural media biofilter because of its abundant availability in Indonesia. The disadvantages of a banana tree were it can be easily placed by bacteria. Bacteria will develop well on the banana stem because the banana stem is moist enough and consist of much water in it. The banana stem contains cellulose fibers that can be used as media biofilter because of the characteristics of it, such as abundantly available, biodegradable, renewable, cheaper, low abrasive nature, unusual, specific properties, and exhibit excellent mechanical properties. However, the disadvantages of cellulose fibers were low thermal stability, moisture absorption, and poor compatibility.
Is Bio-activator from Vegetables Waste are Applicable in Composting System?
Authors: Sutrisno E , Zaman B , Wardhana I W , Simbolon L , Emeline R
Published: April 2020

Composting Process is alternative organic waste management for degradation waste generation. In general, bio activator will be added to the organic waste mixture which aims to accelerate the process of maturing compost and not forgetting the quality standards of it in order to apply to the soil so that the environment will stay in a healthy condition. Various types of bio activators used in the composting process such as EM-4, Acticomp, Orgadec, and also bacteria which can be produced using various source organic matters such as vegetable waste. Vegetable waste is an excellent medium for growing microorganisms, and it can be used as bio activator in the composting process. Another advantage of using this source is that vegetable waste is cheap and easy to find because they usually thrown away and not reused. Some researchers found bacterias like Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, and Pediococcus are contained by vegetables that will create lactic acid fermentation. This bacteria has a vital role in changing various sugars in vegetable waste, especially into lactic acid, which, when compost is given to the soil, bacteria will play a role to control the pathogenic organisms. Some studies about bio activator from a vegetable waste relationship have been done related to the compost quality result from the addition of the environmental bioactivation from vegetables. In this article, there will be reviews from various research journals related to the making and application of bio activator from vegetables in the composting process and to find out whether the use of vegetable waste is suitable bio activator for composting process.
Analysis of Motives that Affects Registrant and Patent Owners in Indonesia
Authors: Bakhtiar A , Rinawati D I , Pujotomo D , Indra I , Handayani P R
Published: April 2020

According to data in World Bank, Indonesian income per capita, in 2016, still below from another country such as Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, and Thailand. This condition is same as high technology exports, in 2015, where Indonesia still lack from the countries. It can be concluded from income per capita and high technology exports that patent in Indonesia still lack. Based on data Directorate General of IPR said that the total of active patent in Indonesia is 15.343, during 10 years (2007-2016). This amount is still far away compared to patent from another country that attain 46.838. To increase the number of patent registration, it is necessary to research the motive of patent owners and registrants to register their patent. This research is conducted on patent owners who have registered their invention at the Directorate General of IPR. The results of this study will be made recommendations for the Directorate General of IPR and consultants in socializing the importance of patent registration. Patent registration factors or motives vary by stakeholder. Overall there are 4 factors, in individual stakeholder there are 2 factors, and enterprises stakeholder there are 3 factors. The differences of motives are according to the importance every stakeholder.