bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CAUSES EXTERNAL DEBT OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN TURKEY: A MACROECONOMIC APPROACH
Authors: KIDEMLİ Melek , SÜREKÇİ YAMAÇLI Dilek
Published: January 2021

CAUSES EXTERNAL DEBT OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN TURKEY: A MACROECONOMIC APPROACH.................................................................................
TÜRKİYE'DE SU KAYNAKLARINA BİREYSEL EKOLOJİK SALDIRILARIN ÇEVRESEL TASARIM VE ÇEVRE PSİKOLOJİSİ AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: DEMİRBAŞ Hatice , PINAR Şakir Sarp
Published: January 2021

Su kaynaklarının dünya üzerindeki önemi birçok parametreye bağlı olarak sürekli artmaktadır. Kişisel ihtiyaçlar, endüstriyel ihtiyaçların yanında turizmden ulaşıma, iklimden siyaset ve uluslararası ilişkilere kadar hemen her alanda su kaynaklarının önemi hissedilmektedir. Teknolojik gelişmelerin yanında insan bilincindeki gelişmeler temiz kaynaklara ulaşımı daha da önemli kılmaktadır. Günümüzde organik ürünlere daha fazla para ödenmesi, kaliteli kaynak sularının meşrubatlardan daha yüksek bedeller-le satılmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu nedenlerle çevresel tasarımlar da doğallık ve ekolojik devamlılık büyük önem arz etmektedir. Çevresel tasarımlarda bireysel ekolojik saldırıların dikkate alınmaması ciddi hatalara neden olmaktadır. Günümüzde dünyanın gelişmiş ülkeleri dahil birçok ülke bu bireysel ekolojik saldırılar sonucunda su kaynaklarını bazı alanlarda kullanamamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de su kaynaklarına atılan pirana, timsah gibi türlerin saldırılarının ne kadar ciddi sonuçları olabileceğini göstermeyi ve bu saldırıları çevre psikolojisi açısından değerlendirerek alınacak önlemler konusunda bilimsel veriler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır Ayrıca çevre tasarımları ve mühendislik sistemleri oluşturulurken ele alınacak parametrelere bireysel ekolojik saldırıları da eklemek gerektiğini göstermeyi hedeflemektedir.
ÖZ YETERLİLİK ALGISININ İŞTEN AYRILMA NİYETİNE ETKİSİ: BANDIRMADAKİ YİYECEK-İÇECEK HİZMETLERİ SEKTÖRÜNDE ÇALIŞANLAR ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÖRÜCÜ Edip , GİZLİER Ömer , TUNA Melike
Published: January 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı yiyecek-içecek sektöründe çalışanların, öz yeterlilik algılarının işten ayrılma niyeti üzerindeki etkisini tespit ederek; öz yeterlilik ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma kapsamında Balıkesir ilinin Bandırma ilçesinde 108 yiyecek-içecek işletmesi çalışanına anket uygulaması yapılmıştır. Ankette katılımcılarının öz yeterlilik algılarını ölçmek için Riggs ve diğerleri (1994) tarafından geliştirilen öz yeterlilik ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Yapılan güvenilirlik testlerinde bu ölçeğin güvenilirlik oranı %76,2 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların işten ayrılma niyetlerini ölçmek için ise Tepper ve diğerleri (2009) tarafından geliştirilen işten ayrılma niyeti ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Güvenilirlik testlerinde bu ölçeğin güvenilirlik oranı %95,4 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada toplanan veriler korelasyon ve regresyon analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, yiyecek-içecek sektöründe çalışanların öz yeterlilik algılarının işten ayrılma niyeti üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatif yönde bir etkisinin olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Araştırmanın son kısmında sektöre ve gelecek araştırmalara yönelik birtakım önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Estabilidad de agregados de suelos de la zona cafetera colombiana
Authors: Lince-Salazar Luz Adriana , Castro Andrés Felipe , Castaño Wadi Andrey
Published: January 2021

La estabilidad de los agregados (EA) es la capacidad del suelo para conservar el arreglo de su espacio sólido y poroso cuando se expone a procesos de deterioro, y se considera como un buen indicador de sostenibilidad del suelo. En Colombia, en el estudio de la sostenibilidad del suelo se estima que un 37,2% presenta conflicto de uso y está en riesgo su sostenibilidad. Dado que, mediante el estudio de la estabilidad de agregados se logra una aproximación de la sostenibilidad del suelo de uso agrícola, se realizó una investigación en lotes cafeteros, ubicados en 24 unidades edáficas. Por cada unidad se tomaron tres muestras de suelo, a una profundidad entre 0 y 20 cm, a las cuales se les realizó análisis de EA por el método de Yoder, carbono orgánico y textura; además se calculó el índice de estabilidad estructural (St) de Pieri. Los valores de EA indicaron que 12 de 24 unidades no limitan la producción de los cultivos ni la sostenibilidad del suelo, desde la parte estructural, entre ellas Tablazo, Guadalupe, San Agustín; seis limitan de modo leve, entre ellas Doscientos, Catarina, Malabar y en seis se limita de manera moderada, entre ellas, San Simón, Campoalegre, Timaná. El St indicó que las unidades Doscientos y Timaná son ligeramente inestables y las restantes estables. Existe relación entre la EA y la materia orgánica y no hay equivalencia entre el EA y St, no se recomienda el uso del último para evaluar la sostenibilidad del suelo en la región cafetera colombiana, pero sí incluir indicadores de biología.
Response to Second Surge, B.1.1.7 variant and UK Policy on COVID-19
Authors: Grover Joydeep , Bhala Neeraj , Chakravorty Subarna
Published: January 2021

Letter to the Editor
The Diagnostic Potential of JWST in Characterizing Elusive AGNs
Authors: Satyapal Shobita , Kamal Lara , Cann Jenna M. , Secrest Nathan J. , Abel Nicholas P.
Published: January 2021

It is now clear that a significant population of accreting black holes are undetected by commonly employed optical, mid-infrared color, X-ray, and radio selection methods as a result of obscuration or contamination of the emission from the nuclear region caused by star formation in the host galaxy. These elusive active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are an important component of the AGN population. They are often found in mergers, where significant black hole growth likely takes place, and in the lowest-mass galaxies or galaxies that lack classical bulges, a demographic that places important constraints on models of supermassive black hole seed formation and merger-free models of AGN fueling. In this work, we demonstrate the power of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in uncovering and characterizing these elusive AGNs. We present an integrated modeling approach in which both the line and emergent continuum are predicted from gas exposed to the ionizing radiation from a young starburst and an AGN, focusing specifically on the spectral diagnostics available through JWST, and provide predictions on the detectability of key diagnostic lines by the near- and mid-infrared spectrometers, assuming typical conditions for the gas. We demonstrate the crucial need for JWST in uncovering low-level accretion activity even in nearby galaxies and out to redshifts of ≈1–3, depending on the ionization parameter, and gas phase metallicity. We present a redshift-dependent selection strategy that can be used to identify promising elusive AGN candidates for future follow-up study. The full suite of simulations is available online, where users can select specific parameters and retrieve the predicted continuum and infrared line luminosities from our models.
Generally Applicable Formalism for Modeling the Observable Signatures of Inflows, Outflows, and Moving Coronal Plasma Close to Kerr Black Holes
Authors: Krawczynski Henric
Published: January 2021

We present a generally applicable formalism for modeling the emission, absorption, reflection, and reprocessing of radiation by moving plasma streams close to a Kerr black hole. The formalism can be used to investigate the observational signatures of a wide range of phenomena, including (i) the reflection of coronal X-ray radiation off plasma plunging from the inner edge of a black hole accretion disk toward the black hole, (ii) the reflection of coronal X-ray emission off the upper layers of a geometrically thick accretion flow, (iii) the illumination of the accretion disk by a corona moving with relativistic velocities toward or away from the accretion disk, and (iv) the emission from a jet forming close to the black hole. After introducing the general relativistic treatment, we show the results for a fast wind forming close to a Kerr black hole. The approach presented here can be used to model X-ray spectral, timing, reverberation, and polarization data.
A VLBA Survey of Radio Stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster. I. The Nonthermal Radio Population
Authors: Forbrich Jan , Dzib Sergio A. , Reid Mark J. , Menten Karl M.
Published: January 2021

We present first results of a four-epoch VLBA survey for nonthermal emission toward all 556 compact radio sources previously identified in a deep VLA survey of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC). We identify VLBA counterparts toward an unprecedented 123 sources. Of these, 41 do not have X-ray counterparts, of which 34 also do not display near-infrared counterparts. Since these cannot be explained by extragalactic background sources, this suggests a component of the ONC population of young stellar objects that are too deeply embedded for even X-rays to be detectable. We find pervasive variability and detect even most of the highest-S/N sources in only one out of four epochs. Neither a negative spectral index nor extreme variability in the VLA data is a good predictor of a VLBA detection.
A VLBA Survey of Radio Stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster. II. Astrometry
Authors: Dzib Sergio A. , Forbrich Jan , Reid Mark J. , Menten Karl M.
Published: January 2021

From Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations we previously identified a population of 123 young stellar systems with nonthermal radio emission toward the core of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC). We find optical sources in the Gaia DR2 catalog for 34 of them within 0.″2 of the radio positions. Most of the radio sources are likely companions of Gaia detections. However, there are 11 stars whose VLBA positions differ from Gaia by <1.6 mas, and some of these radio sources probably are the direct counterparts of the optical stars. We are able to obtain radio proper motions for 23 stars. Combining the stellar proper motions derived from the VLBA and Gaia DR2  data we find the global motion and velocity dispersion of the ONC to be (μ

α
∗, μ

δ
) = (1.20 ± 0.09, 0.18 ± 0.09) mas yr−1 and (

σ

μ

α

∗
,

σ

μ

δ

) = (0.84 ± 0.09, 1.30 ± 0.09) mas yr−1. Finally, we looked for ordered motions by estimating the means of scalar and vectorial products, which results in

v
·

r

ˆ

¯

=
−
0.61
±
1.00

km s−1 and

v
×

r

ˆ

¯

=
0.57
±
0.95

km s−1. These do not show indications that the young stellar cluster is in expansion, contraction, or rotation.
The Maximum Energy of Shock-accelerated Electrons in a Microturbulent Magnetic Field
Authors: Warren Donald C. , Beauchemin Catherine A. A. , Barkov Maxim V. , Nagataki Shigehiro
Published: January 2021

Relativistic shocks propagating into a medium with low magnetization are generated and sustained by small-scale but very strong magnetic field turbulence. This so-called “microturbulence” modifies the typical shock acceleration process, and in particular that of electrons. In this work we perform Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of electrons encountering shocks with microturbulent fields. The simulations cover a three-dimensional parameter space in shock speed, acceleration efficiency, and peak magnetic field strength. From these, a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method was employed to estimate the maximum electron momentum from the MC-simulated electron spectra. Having estimated this quantity at many points well-distributed over an astrophysically relevant parameter space, an MCMC method was again used to estimate the parameters of an empirical formula that computes the maximum momentum of a Fermi-accelerated electron population anywhere in this parameter space. The maximum energy is well-approximated as a broken power law in shock speed, with the break occurring when the shock decelerates to the point where electrons can begin to escape upstream from the shock.
Decihertz Gravitational Waves from Double White Dwarf Merger Remnants
Authors: Yoshida Shin’ichirou
Published: January 2021

Close binaries of double white dwarfs (DWDs) inspiral and merge by emitting gravitational waves (GWs). Orbital motion of some of these binaries is expected to be observed at a low-frequency band by space-borne laser interferometric detectors of GWs. The merger remnant may suffer thermonuclear runaway and explode as SNe Ia if they are massive enough. As GW sources, the remnants have so far been scarcely studied. Here we propose a new mechanism of GW emission from DWD merger remnants that may be observed by planned GW detectors in a decihertz frequency band. A remnant is temporarily expected to have a high degree of differential rotation as a consequence of the merger process. It is then unstable to oscillation modes whose azimuthal pattern speed coincides with the stellar rotation. We solve the eigenvalue problem of differentially rotating remnants and identify unstable eigenmodes, which may be categorized to inertial modes. The estimate of characteristic strain of GWs shows that they may be detectable within the distance of the Virgo cluster by planned gravitational wave observatories targeting the decihertz band.
Three new species of Cataglyphis Foerster, 1850 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Iran
Authors: Khalili-Moghadam Arsalan , Salata Sebastian , Borowiec Lech
Published: January 2021

Cataglyphis bazoftensissp. nov., C. fritillariaesp. nov., and C. dejdaranensissp. nov. are described from the Koohrang county of central-west Iran (Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province). All new species belong to the C. altisquamis complex and are characterized by presence of the thick, black, and decumbent setae on lateral and posterior surfaces of tibiae. Additionally, a key to Asian Cataglyphis was updated to accommodate the new species.
Perdre ou renoncer aux étoiles : analyse des discours médiatiques et paroles de chefs à l’ère de la transparence
Authors: Hugol-Gential Clémentine , Michon David
Published: January 2021

Dans le cadre de cette contribution, la perte ou le renoncement aux étoiles du Guide Michelin de 19 chefs sont étudiés à partir d’un corpus médiatique issu de la presse nationale ou de la presse régionale entre 1996 et 2019. L’analyse des discours tend à souligner les tensions qui traversent la restauration gastronomique et interroge également les modalités d’évaluation et de communication. Ce travail permet plus largement d’interroger la place et la nature de la critique gastronomique dans une ère de la transparence.
Lactulose ingestion causes an increase in the abundance of gut-resident bifidobacteria in Japanese women: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
Authors: Sakai Y. , Hamano H. , Ochi H. , Abe F. , Masuda K. , Iino H.
Published: January 2021

The genus Bifidobacterium comprises various bacterial species, and the complement of species within the human intestinal tract differs from individual to individual. The balance of these bifidobacterial species remains poorly understood, although it is known that the abundance of bifidobacteria increases following the ingestion of prebiotics. We previously conducted a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study of 2 g/day lactulose ingestion for 2 weeks in 60 Japanese women. To study the effect of lactulose ingestion on each bifidobacterial species, here, we measured the abundance of each of the principal bifidobacterial species. After lactulose ingestion, the log cell counts of the Bifidobacterium adolescentis group (8.97±0.08 vs 9.39±0.08, P=0.0019), Bifidobacterium catenulatum group (9.45±0.10 vs 9.65±0.10, P=0.0032) and Bifidobacterium longum group (9.01±0.07 vs 9.29±0.07, P=0.0012) were significantly higher than in the placebo ingestion control group. However, the log cell counts were similar for Bifidobacterium breve (8.12±0.12 vs 8.33±0.12, P=0.20), Bifidobacterium bifidum (9.08±0.12 vs 9.42±0.14, P=0.095) and Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis (8.65±0.53 vs 8.46±0.46, P=0.77). Cluster analysis of the log cell count data at the bifidobacterial species level revealed three distinct clusters, but the combinations and ratios of the constituent bifidobacteria were not affected by lactulose ingestion. Furthermore, principal coordinate analysis of the intestinal microbiota in the lactulose and placebo ingestion groups using Illumina MiSeq showed no significant differences in the intestinal microbiota as a whole. These results suggest that 2 g/day lactulose ingestion for 2 weeks significantly increases the abundance of intestinal bifidobacteria, but does not affect the intestinal microbiota as a whole.
Dietary Behavior and Health Outcomes
Authors: Asirvatham Jebaraj , Moon Wanki
Published: January 2021

How do people choose the level of food to consume considering four important elements, namely, utility from health, health effects of food, hedonic utility from food, and diet restraint costs? The authors model dietary choice as dual-self in a principal-agent framework. The principal is concerned with long-term consequences of dietary choices, whereas the agent is in pursuit of the short-term pleasure from food consumption. Firstly, it incorporates impulsivity, an important element, which turns out to be directly related to the principal's utility from health discounted by the agent's disutility from the same health objective. A health objective could be a particular body mass index (BMI), for example. The authors show that the more distant the goal the more impulsive the individual would be. Secondly, with simple manipulations, this model gives insights into observed consumption behavior in different scenarios. When they eliminate the impulsive component from the model, results are consistent with neoclassical economic theory.
Influence of the Website Features on Tourists' Choices
Authors: Musso Fabio , Angioni Margherita
Published: January 2021

This study aims at analyzing the level of perceived relevance and satisfaction of customers on the websites of agritourism companies. After a literature review on the website adoption by small and medium-sized enterprises, an empirical research was conducted based on a four-stage model of website adoption. A web-based questionnaire was addressed to a sample of EU tourists who experienced a stay at an agritourism after selecting the accommodation through the agritourism website. By combining the perceived satisfaction and importance attributed to a series of features related to the website, the authors identified the main priorities to be considered when a website is being projected and on-line services have to be established. Moreover, for evaluating which variables have more influence in defining the overall evaluation of a website, a multiple linear regression analysis was conducted. This study provides useful indications at the individual firm level about the main features of a website on which investments for improvement may be addressed and which on-line services should be activated.
Contextual Considerations for Eco-Behavioral Change Among Aquatic Recreationists
Authors: Grant-Smith Deanna , Feldman Alicia , Gregory Kieran
Published: January 2021

This chapter draws from Australian studies to explore policies associated with behavioral interventions for environmental stewardship. Each case focuses on attempts to influence the eco-behaviors of recreational users of aquatic environments and the division of eco-responsibility between individuals, communities, and government. The first case considers coercive policy approaches to effect change in recreational boaters' sewage disposal practices to reduce vessel-sourced marine pollution. The second case considers suasive policy approaches to encourage recreational fishers to voluntarily engage in positive eco-behaviors associated with the restoration and rehabilitation of fisheries habitats. In each case, ascriptions of causal responsibility for environmental degradation and responsibility to act are identified, and how these shape responses to eco-behavioral expectations are discussed. The chapter concludes by reflecting on the potential utility of a complex model of behavior change which pays specific attention to context in the development of the behavioral intervention policy mix.
Outlook on Aquaculture Community-Based Projects for Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: January 2021

Few studies have explored the perceptions-behavior relationship and outlook towards the sustainability of community-based agricultural projects, especially the aquaculture. Understandings the outlook and perceptions for different stakeholder groups in community-based projects can clear misconceptions, identify factors that can unleash the full potential of the community-based projects, so as to achieve sustainable societal development. In Namibia, four out of six community-based fish farm projects have failed. Hence, there is a need to explore stakeholder perceptions for improvement. Adopting a qualitative research method with an interview guide to collect primary data, the aim of the study is to understand the status quo, re-define stakeholders' roles, expectations, and perceptions about consultation, participation, empowerment, ownership, etc. of community-based aquaculture projects improvement and sustainability in Namibia.
Promoting Political Literacy Among Youth in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Al-Suqri Mohammed Nasser , AlKindi Salim Said , Al-Kindi Abdullah Khamis
Published: January 2021

In Oman, as in other countries around the world, young people traditionally have low levels of interest in politics. However, young people have high levels of social media usage, and there is evidence from the literature that new forms of political engagement are emerging through the use of sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. To help ensure that social media can be used effectively to engage citizens in government decision-making process, there is a need to provide young people and other citizens with digital literacy skills. This is especially important in Oman and other Middle Eastern Arab states, where there are currently high levels of youth unemployment, to avoid the type of unrest which occurred in the form of the Arab Spring and instead promote more constructive forms of citizen engagement. The chapter reports on a review of literature which examines these issues in the context of Oman, identifies examples of best practice digital literacy initiatives from other countries, and develops a series of recommendations for Oman.
A Review and Comparative Study of Teacher's Digital Competence Frameworks
Authors: Yang Li , García-Holgado Alicia , Martínez-Abad Fernando
Published: January 2021

The current technological revolution has reached all social classes, and its educative use by teachers has gone noticed. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the six main international frameworks published from 2010 until now. The first objective of this work is to analyze these frameworks' contributions to understanding the development of this competence. The second objective is to determine whether there are any differences between these frameworks through strengths-weaknesses-opportunities-threats (SWOT) analysis. The main aim is to make it easier to integrate an assessment digital competence framework for teachers in other regions of the world that do not have their own framework. The analysis indicates that the six frames have coincidences and nuances in understanding the development of digital competence. This study shows that DigComp is subject to create consensus at the European level about the digital competence components, which can also serve as a conceptual reference model for other countries o educational institutions.
Information Technology in the Search for Employment
Authors: Chamoso Pablo , González-Briones Alfonso , García-Peñalvo Fancisco José
Published: January 2021

Employability is one of the main concerns of the citizens of developed countries. Over the last 10 years, it has become popular to use technology to find employment and better career opportunities. Currently, there are many technology-powered tools available which offer their users (candidates and companies) the possibility of finding the best job opportunities/employees. However, technology is becoming increasingly advanced and current employment-oriented websites must keep up with those standards. Thanks to the computing and information processing capabilities provided by artificial intelligence, today's websites are not mere directories of jobs and candidates; instead, they make it possible to automatically filter search results according to the characteristics of candidates and jobs. This chapter presents a review of state-of-the-art technologies aimed at improving employability and analyzes the technological advances in this sector.
Mobile Pedestrian Navigation and Augmented Reality in the Virtualization of the Territory
Authors: Joo-Nagata Jorge , Giner José Rafael García-Bermejo , Martínez-Abad Fernando
Published: January 2021

Establishing the meanings and relationships that exist between the creation of heritage educational content of applications with elements of mobile pedestrian navigation and mobile augmented reality and learning processes through mobile devices is the objective of this research. From this portable and mobile context, a teaching process linked to territorial information on the architectural and historical heritage corresponding to the cities of Salamanca (Spain) and Santiago (Chile) has been developed, proving its educational effectiveness. Methodologically, the research focuses on two areas: the educational design of recourses for learning through augmented reality and mobile pedestrian navigation on heritage contents and the determination of the modes of understanding and educational effectiveness of the app created in relation to other traditional learning tools. In this way, the construction of a patrimonial thematic unit has been developed with the determination of the scope of this tool in the mobile learning processes considering the processes of identity and local culture.
Training on Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Padilla-Zea Natalia , Aceto Stefania , Burgos Daniel
Published: January 2021

Social Seducement is an Erasmus+ project aimed to improve the social inclusiveness of adults in risks of social exclusion by training them in the social economy. To do it, the gamified learning tool Social PlaNet was developed, trying to offer an efficient and attractive training plan on social economy entrepreneurship. This particular kind of economy brings several benefits to this target group, since it develops the action to benefit the local community and is usually run in groups. Moreover, the fact of training in entrepreneurship also provides long-term unemployed people to own their possibilities of work and, that way, to feel included in society again. In this chapter, an overview of the project and its outcomes are presented.
Reception of Prophetic Oracles in Ancient Israel and the Nigerian Context
Authors: Awojobi Peter Olanrewaju
Published: January 2021

Scholars in biblical studies are divided into camps on the source(s) of prophetic oracles by prophets in ancient Israel and contemporary Nigerian society. This is because the prophets at one time or the other labeled one another true or false prophets based on the claim that the oracles of some of their colleagues did not come from God. Biblically speaking, an oracle is a divine message to a person or a group of persons through an appointed person. The thrust of the chapter is to investigate the source(s) of prophetic oracles in ancient Israel with the view of establishing its parallel in the prophetic ministry in the contemporary Nigerian society. Historical method was used for the research. It was discovered that prophets in both contexts claimed to have received their oracles from Yahweh. Also, true and false prophets are found in both contexts. Other sources of prophetic oracles are Satan, self, and circumstances. It is crucial that a prophet as God's mouthpiece receives his oracles from God before delivery.
Ethico-Phenomenological Appraisal of Religion and Development in Africa
Authors: Essien Essien D.
Published: January 2021

Empirical studies linking contemporary discussions on human transformation indicate that development faces a number of interrelated challenges, foremost being the neglected importance of religion as a determinant for development. Even though religion poses the capacity of serving as a strong force in boosting societal development and its importance is continuously increasing since the beginning of the new millennium, a number of hypotheses still fail to connect religion to development. Drawing upon an extensive contemporary research on religion and development literature, this study examines the relationship between religion and development in Africa. With an insight provided into understanding the independent layers of religious development nexus in Africa, a criterion on what should constitute an appropriate approach toward societal development is thus supplied. Findings reveal that religion remains one clear option of inspiration and motivation for welfare and humanitarian engagement. This study has significant implication for cumulative research on African religiosity and development.
Project-Based Learning in Business Education
Authors: Huchting Karen , Zhuplev Anatoly , Lee Jessica Miyun
Published: January 2021

The authors explore project-based learning (PBL) pedagogy in international business venturing (IBV) under trends and drivers affecting higher education. They look at the genesis of higher education, recent developments in innovations, globalization, and socio-economic trends. Following the examination of mega trends affecting universities, the case of PBL curriculum at Loyola Marymount University (LMU) is discussed in LMU's strategic context. They evaluate PBL essentials and examine its proliferation and current status across academic disciplines. The analysis of LMU vs. “peer” schools reveals some economic constraints. One developmental step is PBL pedagogy. The proposed PBL study abroad curriculum includes two courses. Course 1 (on campus) covers essentials of IBV. Course 2 (abroad) focuses on PBL applications, socio-economic problems, and skill development. This 4-week overseas program includes 12 face-to face hours, 4 company visits, 3 international immersion projects, 1 local market immersion, 1 strategy challenge, 1 service-learning project, and other experiential learning activities.
Teaching Ethics Online to Health Sciences Professionals
Authors: Ganjoo Rohini , Schwartz Lisa , Dobrydneva Yuliya , Callier Shawneequa Lauren , Butler Joan T. , Hertelendy Attila J. , Harter Thomas D. , Goldstein Melissa M. , Firmani Marcia A.
Published: January 2021

Health sciences professionals work on diverse healthcare delivery teams and often face ethical dilemmas. Ethics education in an online environment is one way that such individuals can obtain relevant, easily accessible, and academically rigorous instruction on ethical decision-making and professional and research practices. In this chapter, the authors present existing empirical evidence of online ethics education, share their experiences teaching ethics online at The George Washington University, and provide recommendations for future pedagogical research relevant to diverse healthcare professionals. Based on their findings, the online format can be effectively utilized to teach ethics to current and future health sciences professionals.
Developing Project Management Maturity as an Organizational Change Process
Authors: Silvius Gilbert
Published: January 2021

The entanglement of project management and the management of organizational change is not reflected in the literature on and standards of project management maturity. Studies on maturity concentrate on identifying the components that determine an organization's maturity, the levels in which this maturity can be expressed, and the effects of maturity. However, the process of changing from one level to another level is hardly or not addressed. By taking an organizational change perspective on developing maturity, this chapter develops a framework that provides guidance for the development of maturity. For every transition, from one level to another, a set of interventions is provided that addresses both the hard and the soft dimensions of organizational change. Successful project management maturity development requires that equal attention is being paid to both the hard and the soft dimensions of organizational change. The framework developed in this chapter provide guidance for this.
Developing a Participatory Approach to Accessible Design
Authors: Laitano María Inés
Published: January 2021

This article describes how accessibility to ICTs is understood as conformity to standards, which usually ends in designs that do not consider the singularities of people. This article delves into a participatory approach to accessible design, as an alternative to design guided simply by standards. It first defines a relevant network of stakeholders for accessible participatory design, based on the expertise that each of them can provide. It then discusses the issue of consensus among stakeholders, necessary to make design decisions when there are conflicting views. Finally, it addresses the question of non-technological outcomes and methodological concerns of Participatory Design that should inspire the accessible design agenda.
Effective Tools for Improving Employee Feedback during Organizational Change
Authors: Sedej Tanja , Justinek Gorazd
Published: January 2021

Feedback is the fastest and most effective way for organizations to make improvements or get things back on track. Prompt and constructive feedback is strongly linked to employee satisfaction and productivity, and can increase both. During times of change when employees want to be heard and feel involved, it is even more important that the optimal internal communication tools for managing employee feedback are selected. This article tackles these questions and provides fresh empirical data on the selection of internal communication tools in general, with focus then devoted to managing feedback during change from the perspective of a professional communicator. The data evaluated and analyzed was gathered on the basis of research carried out in 2014 among 105 professional communicators of large and medium-sized companies, and was then compared with the results of similar research conducted in 2012.
Graph Tools for Social Network Analysis
Authors: Akhtar Nadeem , Ahamad Mohd Vasim
Published: January 2021

A social network can be defined as a complex graph, which is a collection of nodes connected via edges. Nodes represent individual actors or people in the network, whereas edges define relationships among those actors. Most popular social networks are Facebook, Twitter, and Google+. To analyze these social networks, one needs specialized tools for analysis. This chapter presents a comparative study of such tools based on the general graph aspects as well as the social network mining aspects. While considering the general graph aspects, this chapter presents a comparative study of four social network analysis tools—NetworkX, Gephi, Pajek, and IGraph—based on the platform, execution time, graph types, algorithm complexity, input file format, and graph features. On the basis of the social network mining aspects, the chapter provides a comparative study on five specialized tools—Weka, NetMiner 4, RapidMiner, KNIME, and R—with respect to the supported mining tasks, main functionality, acceptable input formats, output formats, and platform used.
Developing and Validating Measurement Instrument for Various Aspects of Digital economy
Authors: Hrustek Nikolina Žajdela , Mekovec Renata , Pihir Igor
Published: January 2021

ICT-driven innovations affect all sectors of economy and society where trends like adaptability, remote workforce, augmented reality/virtual reality, internet of things, smart machines and artificial intelligence run the core of digital transformation of every aspect of a business. This article introduces the measurement instrument that was created and validated with intention of questioning certain aspects of digital economy from the user point of view. The validation of the proposed measurement instrument was conducted by applying factor analysis (Principal component analysis - PCA) which revealed critical factors affecting certain aspects of digital economy: e-commerce, e-banking, e-work (telework) and e-employment. Measurement instruments were tested on 197 respondents from two Croatian counties. To maximise the benefits that can be derived from digital transformation it is essential to overcome all barriers and force employment of opened opportunities. Business alignment with IT remains a challenge; therefore, presented results are valuable input in the discussed domain.
Emergence of Industry 4.0 Technologies
Authors: Gamidullaeva Leyla A. , Vasin Sergey M. , Shkarupeta Elena V. , Tolstykh Tatyana O. , Finogeev Alexey G. , Surovitskaya Galina V. , Kanarev Sergey
Published: January 2021

Innovations in the modern world are not simply connected with the opportunities of digital technologies but also largely based on them. This is exactly why the full-fledged successive industrial sector's digitization will become a platform for qualitative changes of the economy and long-term opportunities. Thus, the transition to digital technologies is inevitable, but from another perspective, this very transition cannot be the absolute goal. In this chapter, the authors aimed at providing a better understanding for Industry 4.0 concept and its application benefits for Russia. The main problem is how the Russian Federation acts against the economically developed countries, which are the creators of Industry 4.0. This chapter mainly focuses on presenting the authors' views on how to sustain and increase competitive advantage of the Russian Federation by catching and implementing Industry 4.0. With Industry 4.0, Russian Federation gets a bigger share of the world manufacturing value chain.
The Accessibility, Usability, Quality and Readability of Turkish State and Local Government Websites an Exploratory Study
Authors: Akgül Yakup
Published: January 2021

With significant development in Internet technology contributing to daily lives in nearly every aspect, it is important that government websites and e-government services offered through them are used effectively, efficiently, and satisfactorily. Achieving accessible, usable, qualified, and readable e-government services that enable citizens to fulfill different users' requirements by everyone involved in the target group, implying a lack of equality between disabled and non-disabled people in benefiting from online governmental services regardless of time and location constraints, has become a global aim. This study investigated whether the websites of the state and local level e-government in the Turkish Republic comply with prevailing standards of accessibility, heuristic usability, mobile readiness, performance and, the readability of website content with six different indices and whether these qualities depend on the type of the government websites. After examining 77 state and 247 local e-government sites, the results indicate that the Turkish government websites have made many of the accessibility, usability, quality, and readability mistakes as predicted. In light of the study findings, this paper will present some recommendations for improving Turkish government websites, as well as discuss future implications.
Contemporary Change Management and Leadership in Local and International Businesses
Authors: Gökmen Aytaç
Published: January 2021

Organizational change is to transfer the organization from its current position to the desired future state. This process involves the differentiation of the activities, processes, structure, and targets of the organization. It is significant for an organization to decide where it is supposed to be in the future and to comprehend how to get to that new status-quo. Increasing globalization, fast technological changes, necessity of a well-trained labor force, changing social and demographic structures have intensified the competition and organizational change has become inevitable. The elements of an effective change process are openness to change, willingness of the personnel, flexibility, adjustment capacity of the business, optimism, and effective planning of change. The change process affects the organizations at structural, managerial, and individual basis as a result of the success of the change process.
Impediments in Healthcare Digital Transformation
Authors: Furda Robert , Gregus Michal
Published: January 2021

This article is addressing the specific impediments that appear in the process of healthcare digital transformation. Enterprise architecture provides the framework for investigating the behavioral and active structural aspects that apply to business and application layers. This includes an analysis of, including inherent relationship between, selected scopes such as strategy, business, and education to standard elements such as process, service, and function of an application. The presented classification and assignment of individual impediments indicate to healthcare managers where they may potentially struggle during different stages of digital transformation. Among others, they facilitate strategic planning and managerial decisions during implementation of the emerging information technologies and techniques. In addition, the idea is to contribute to the successful implementation of healthcare digital transformation, thereby delivering business value within healthcare sector, and consequently to a better quality of life.
Domestication of Telecentres by Malawian Rural Women
Authors: Kapondera Sellina Khumbo , Chigona Wallace
Published: January 2021

The potential of telecentres to bridge the digital divide can only be realised when their services are appropriated by all groups in the community. Previous studies show that in Malawi only a few women use telecentres. This article used Domestication Theory to explain the processes through which women in rural Malawi encounter technologies, deal with them and integrate them into their lives. Data was obtained via interviews with women (both users and non-users) and a Telecentre Manager. The study shows that: i) commodification was influenced mainly by word of mouth; ii) the women who appropriated the Telecentre used it for instrumental and hedonic purposes; iii) the appropriation was influenced by convenience, compatibility with the needs of women and perceived usefulness of the Telecentre; and iv) non-use was due to lack of awareness, illiteracy, limited financial resources, cultural roles and perceptions about the telecentres. The findings could help policymakers in maximising use of telecentres among women.
Are Managers Making the Right Choice?
Authors: Kim Hyojeong , Suh Chang Juck
Published: January 2021

Smart work has been credited with providing flexible supply capabilities to meet customer demands in service businesses operations. Effective operations of smart work need huge investment of technologies implementations. The authors use Delphi techniques and survey method to identify implementation factors of importance of home-based work which is a representative type of smart work. Seven technologies were identified to be important (Knowledge Management, Real-time monitoring, Remote IT assist, Online testing, Online training, Workforce management, Agent performance management technologies). Different from general expectations, control-based technologies were found not to have positive effects, but support-based technologies to have positive effects to the performance. Smart work technologies in service business affect employees' job satisfaction, and further retention of remote agents. Careful planning of how to implement technologies for smart work is needed in service business in order to identify the best working environment design.
Liquid Workforce
Authors: Gupta Manish
Published: January 2021

The main objectives of this chapter are to define liquid workforce, describe its characteristics, and outline its implications. This chapter would help readers understand the need for studying liquid workforce and appreciate its importance in the contemporary world. Moreover, it provides a detailed outline of the ways and means that organizations can use to build such a workforce. It highlights the steps an organization can take to enhance the effectiveness of its liquid workforce. In addition, it explores certain best practices in the industry to illustrate how well the fluidity of the workforce can be managed without compromising on organizational goals.
Imagination, Action, and Justice
Authors: Huffman Tim
Published: January 2021

Social justice connects to trends in organizational communication scholarship. Some organizational communication traditions engage, explicitly and implicitly, social justice concepts, such as fairness, equity, freedom, structure, and poverty. Drawing on these rich traditions, even more opportunities exist for conducting organizational communication scholarship that promotes justice. This essay articulates how the theory–practice conversation can be forwarded to enable social justice-oriented scholarship. Communication scholarship can do more justice if it is understood as contributing to the “communicative imaginary” as opposed to only developing theory. The communicative imaginary is the splendid array of social possibilities that humans use to create and recreate ways of living together and sharing in one another's lives. Heroism, tragedy, comedy, and beauty are four frames within the communicative imaginary that enable the pursuit of justice. The essay concludes with a reflection on how solidarity can configure scholars' lives in meaningful and just ways.
Using Learner Centered Pedagogy and Social Justice Pedagogy in Post-Secondary Technical and Professional Communication Writing Courses
Authors: Harper Kimberly C.
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses the author's approach to implementing social justice and learner-centered pedagogies in a course titled Technical Communication in the Age of #BlackLivesMatter. The author uses the Black Lives Matter movement as a springboard for teaching technical communication students about the responsibilities of workplace writers. Technical and Professional Communication (TPC) make use of a skills-based pedagogy and, at times, omits the importance of providing students with cultural competency skills. However, there is a shift in the field of TPC as some scholars are advocating for the inclusion of topics such as race, culture, gender, and class in pedagogical discussions. Discussed in this chapter are the theories behind the author's pedagogical choices when creating the described course, the student assignments, and the challenges encountered while teaching the course.
Pedagogical Approaches and Service-Learning in Teacher Preparation
Authors: Sulentic Dowell Margaret-Mary , Meidl Tynisha D.
Published: January 2021

As the initial chapter in this volume, the authors set the tone by inviting service-learning practitioners who are situated within teacher education into dialogue regarding the foundational aspects of service-learning as an effective pedagogical approach for preparing pre-service teachers to teach from a culturally responsive stance. In this chapter, practitioners from across the field of teacher education's spectrum, from emerging scholars to veteran service-learning researchers, are encouraged to reflect on the ways they envision and position service-learning. Overall, service-learning is presented as a pedagogical approach involving various partners, including faculty, staff, students, community members, and agencies. This chapter foreshadows the varied methods and approaches contributors to this edited volume employ to strengthen and extend traditional field experiences and, thus, teacher preparation.