bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Granular and Membrane Filters for Rainwater Treatment: A Comparative Study
Authors:   President, Innovations for Water Corp, USA, Movva Siva Sathyanarayana
Published: April 2024

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of rainwater treatment using two distinct filtration methods: one utilizing traditional filtration materials (gravel, sand, and anthracite), and the other employing membranes. In both cases, the quality of the treated rainwater met the standards set by NBR 15527:2007 (Brazilian Association of Technical Standards) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for non-potable purposes, including parameters such as pH, temperature, turbidity, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, alkalinity, and calcium hardness. Furthermore, the findings were compared with Brazilian Ministry of Health Directive 2914/2011, which pertains to water potability, and Resolution 357/2005 of CONAMA (Brazilian National Council for the Environment), addressing surface water bodies, particularly rivers, and permitting direct human skin contact with water. The study concluded that rainwater treated by both filtration methods could be utilized for various non-potable applications such as toilet flushing, garden irrigation, and sidewalk cleaning, as well as for direct-contact activities like bathing and laundry washing.
FARG’ONA VODIYSIDA “O’ZBEK” ETNONIMINING TARQALISHI
Authors: Usmonaliyev Isroiljon
Published: April 2024

Mazkur maqolada o’zbek toponimining O’rta Osiyoga tarqalishi, o’zbeklarning kelib chiqishi, XIX asr boshlarida o’zbek urug’lari tarqalgan hududlarning tasnifi, Farg’ona vodiysiga shimoli-g’arbdan bo’lgan migratsiya jarayonlari haqida batafsil ma’lumot berilgan.
MUSTAQILLIK YILLARIDA O‘ZBEKISTONDA YENGIL SANOAT SOHASIDAGI O‘ZGARISHLAR
Authors: Esanova Nilufar
Published: April 2024

Ushbu maqolada Mustaqillik yillarida O‘zbekistonda yengil sanoat sohasidagi o‘zgarishlar, xususan ko‘nchilik, poyabzal, teri-charm mahsulotlari, shuningdek iste’mol buyumlarini ishlab chiqarishda erishilgan natijalar haqida so‘z boradi.
АKADEMIK YAHYO G‘ULOMOV FAOLIYATI HAQIDA QAYDLAR (“XORAZMNING SUG‘ORILISH TARIXI” ASARI MISOLIDA)
Authors: Kanimkulov Olimjon
Published: April 2024

Maqolada birinchi o‘zbek arxeolog olimi Yahyo G’ulomov ilmiy faoliyatining asosiy yo‘nalishlaridan biri bo‘lgan sug‘orilish tarixi bo‘yicha olib borgan izlanishlari haqida so‘z boradi. Ayniqsa, olimning “Xorazmning sug‘orilish tarixi” asarini o‘rganishning ilmiy ahamiyati haqida so‘z yuritiladi. Shuningdek, maqolada Ya.G’ulomovning ushbu asari bo‘yicha zamondoshlari fikr-mulohazalari o‘rin olgan.
СУВ ХЎЖАЛИГИНИ БОШҚАРИШНИНГ АСОСИЙ ЙЎНАЛИШЛАРИ
Authors: Хушмурадов Оман
Published: April 2024

Инновацион фаолиятни давлат томонидан қўллаб-қувватлаш ва уни ривожлантириш стратегияларини шакллантириш муҳим ҳисобланади. Шу боис, маколада сув хўжалигида инновацион фаолиятни давлат томонидан қўллаб-қувватлаш усуллари ҳамда мамлакатимиз сув хўжалигини бошқариш механизмини ривожлантириш бўйича давлат дастурининг асосий йуналишлари келтирилган.
BULUTLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR ASOSIDA BIZNES JARAYONLARNI TASHKIL ETISH YO‘LLARI
Authors: Saitkamolov Muхammadxo‘ja , Karabaev Rustam
Published: April 2024

Ushbu maqolada biznes jarayonlarida xarajatlarni optimallashtirish uchun bulutli texnologiyalardan foydalanish samaradorligini tahlil qiladi. Operatsion xarajatlarni kamaytirish va biznes infratuzilmasining moslashuvchanligini oshirishda bulutli yechimlarning asosiy afzalliklari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot shuningdek, IT infratuzilmasi xarajatlarini optimallashtirish, shu jumladan apparat va texnik xarajatlarni kamaytirish yo'llarini ko'rib chiqadi. Turli sohalarda bulutli echimlarni muvaffaqiyatli amalga oshirish, shuningdek ularning biznes-jarayonlarning umumiy samaradorligiga ta'sirini baholash misollari keltirilgan.
ПОНЯТИЕ И ПУТИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ КРЕДИТНЫМ ПОРТФЕЛЕМ КОММЕРЧЕСКИХ БАНКОВ
Authors: Фаттахова Муниса
Published: April 2024

В статье представлены сущность понятия банковского кредитного портфеля, проблемы управления кредитным портфелем коммерческих банков, их состав, важность диверсификации кредитного портфеля, предложения, направленные на совершенствование формирования банковского кредитного портфеля и управления им. Дан анализ взглядам ученых в отношении понятия кредитного портфеля и управления им. Обозначены задачи, необходимые для эффективного управления кредитного портфеля и выявлены проблемы, препятствующие данному процессу.
АНТИНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПАРА «МЕСТЬ» И «ПРОЩЕНИЕ» В ПОВЕСТИ-СКАЗКЕ Л. БОРОДИНА «ГОД ЧУДА И ПЕЧАЛИ»
Authors: Родина Ирина
Published: April 2024

В статье  рассматривается тема милосердия на материале сказки-повести «Год чуда и печали» как ключевая тема творчества Л.Бородина, освещаются аксиологические доминанты христианского мироощущения в аспекте таких категорий как как добро и зло, преступление и наказание, любовь и ненависть, милосердие и сострадание, чудо.
O‘ZBEK VA INGLIZ TILLARIDAGI MATNLARNING SINTAKTIK STRUKTURASI VA PRAGMATIK XOSLANISHI
Authors: Gulyamova Shahzoda
Published: April 2024

Ta`kidlash joizki har qanday matn va uning tarkibida qo‘llanilgan sintaktik birlik shakl va mazmunning uzviyligidan tashkil topgan sintaktik butunlik hisoblanadi. Sintaktik birlikning shakli esa uning sintaktik tuzilishi asosida belgilanadi va mazmuni qanday voqelikni aks ettirishi asosida aniqlanadi. Shu boisdan, sintaktik birlikning shakliy va mazmuniy tarkiblari orasidagi aloqa, albatta, uzviy va murakkabdir. Quyidagi maqola orqali o`quvchi matn tarkibida uchraydigan sistaktik struktura va uning pragmatik jihatining mohiyati haqida bilimga ega bo`ladi.
ОТРАЖЕНИЕ ДУХОВНОГО УПАДКА ОБЩЕСТВА И ЕГО ПОСЛЕДСТВИЙ В ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ
Authors: Тухтаева Наргисхон
Published: April 2024

В статье анализируются понятия «духовность» и «духовный упадок», как данные понятия отображаются в художественной литературе. На примере художественных произведений писателей прослеживается раскрытие темы социального дна, поднимается проблема неравенства, обездоленности и социальной политики, которые всегда оставались глобальными проблемами человечества.
YEVROPA KENGASHINING KORRUPSIYA UCHUN JINOIY JAVOBGARLIK BO‘YICHA KONVENSIYASI – KORRUPSIYAGA QARSHI KURASHNING ZAMONAVIY XALQARO HUQUQIY ASOSLARIDAN BIRI SIFATIDA
Authors: Rasulov Salimbek
Published: April 2024

Konvensiyaning asosiy qoidalarini o‘rganish korrupsiyaning oldini olish, huquqbuzarlarni jinoiy javobgarlikka tortish va xalqaro hamkorlikni kengaytirishga qaratilgan mustahkam asosni ko‘rsatadi. Ushbu maqolada korrupsiyaga qarshi samarali kurashish uchun Yevropa Kengashining Korrupsiya uchun jinoiy javobgarlik bo‘yicha konvensiyasi tomonidan belgilangan aniq vazifalar va huquqiy mexanizmlar haqida so‘z boradi.
TIBBIY TA’LIM TALABALARIDA MEDIAKOMPETENTLIKNI RIVOJLANTIRISH METОDIKАSI
Authors: Muydinov Firuzjon
Published: April 2024

Tibbiy ta’lim talabalarini mediаkompetentligini rivojlantirishga yо‘nаltirilgаn pedаgоgik jаrаyоndа qо‘lgа kiritilgаn nаtijаlаrni tаhlil qilish vа umumlаshtirish, sаmаrаdоrlik dаrаjаsini аniqlаsh metоdikаsini ishlаb сhiqish muhim аhаmiyаtgа egа. Bu оrqаli mаzkur muаmmоning аhаmiyаti, uni yeсhishning pedаgоgik mоdeli, shаrt-shаrоitlаri vа u оrqаli erishilаdigаn nаtijаlаrni kо‘rish mumkin bо‘lаdi. Shuningdek, tibbiy tа’lim tizimi uсhun mediakompetentlikni  rivojlantirishning zаrurаti vа bо‘lаjаk shifokorlarni tаrbiyаlаshdаgi muhimligini kо‘rsаtib berish оrqаli tаdqiqоt ishining ilmiy fаrаzini isbоtlаsh mumkin bо‘lаdi. Shungа kо‘rа, bо‘lаjаk shifokorlarning medikompetentligini rivojlantirishgа yо‘nаltirilgаn pedаgоgik tizim sаmаrаdоrligini аniqlаshning muhim shаrtlаridаn biri – tа’kidlоvсhi tаjribа-sinоv ishlаrining tо‘g‘ri tаshkil etilishidir. Tаsdiqlоvсhi tаjribа-sinоv ishlаri оrqаli tаjribа ishlаrining mаqsаdi vа vаzifаlаri, eksperimentning аniq mezоnlаri, shаrt-shаrоitlаrining nаzаriy tаhlili keltirilаdi vа bu оrqаli tаsdiqlоvсhi tаjribа ishlаrining mаzmunini аnglаsh mumkin bо‘lаdi.
РОЛЬ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ СЕМЕЙНОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ УЗБЕКИСТАН
Authors: Аминов Фазлитдин
Published: April 2024

В данной статье представлены предложения и рекомендации по развитию семейного предпринимательства в нашей стране, его роли в экономике и устойчивом экономическом развитии, а также повышения уровня занятости.
ДАВЛАТ ХИЗМАТЧИЛАРИДА БОШҚАРУВ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЯЛАРИНИ ШАКЛЛАНТИРИШ БОРАСИДА ХОРИЖ ТАЖРИБАСИ
Authors: Саидов Сарвар
Published: April 2024

Мазкур мақолада мамлакатимизда давлат фуқаролик хизмати институтини янада такомиллаштириш, давлат хизматчиларининг бошқарув ва касбий компетенцияларини ривожлантириш бўйича илғор хориж тажрибасининг ўзига хос хусусиятлари тадқиқ қилинган. Осиё ва Европанинг етакчи мамлакатларида давлат хизматчиларини тайёрлаш тизими тамойиллари ва асосий тенденциялари кўриб чиқилган. Шунингдек, Туркия, Япония, Жанубий Корея каби ривожланган мамлакатларда давлат хизматчиларини тайёрлашнинг устувор йўналишлари  ва уларга қўйилган талаблар аниқланган.
PROBLEMS FACED IN TRANSLATING PROPER NOUNS
Authors: Abdikhamidova Sevinch
Published: April 2024

Translating proper nouns is a complex aspect of literary translation, influenced by diverse interpretations. This article examines the challenges and strategies involved, highlighting the significance of proper nouns in literature. It aims to identify the best translation approach for our examples.
ИНГЛИЗ ВА ЎЗБЕК АНТРОПОНИМИК ЛУҒАТЛАР ТИПОЛОГИЯСИ
Authors: Жўраева Ирода
Published: April 2024

Мақолада инглиз ва ўзбек антропонимик луғатларининг типологияси ҳақида фикр юритилади. Унда инглиз ва ўзбек тилларидаги антропонимик луғатларнинг турлари: босма  ва онлайн антропонимик луғатлар ва уларнинг  турлари, тузилиши,  мазмуни, ҳажми ҳақида, шунингдек, бир тилли ва икки тилли луғатлар, маълумотларни жойлаштириш услубига кўра, даврийлиги, ҳажмига кўра, жинс турига кўра,  ижтимоий мавқе, ёшига кўра турлари таҳлил қилинган.
Softwares de simulação aplicados no gerenciamento de estoque: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Almeida Lucas da Silva , Silva Keren Karolyne Nóbrega , Nunes Paloma dos Santos Alves , Silva Yuri Laio Teixeira Veras
Published: April 2024

Em um cenário tão competitivo, a gestão de estoques se torna uma ferramenta estratégica no processo de diferenciação, visto que o gerenciamento de ativos é crucial para o sucesso empresarial. Nesse sentido, o uso de software para modelagem e simulação se apresentam como facilitadores na formulação de hipóteses e previsão dos efeitos oriundos das alterações eventualmente realizadas. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar os softwares de simulação mais utilizados para resolução de problemas em estoques. Para isso, o método utilizado é uma revisão sistemática da literatura, a fim de mapear e fortalecer os benefícios empresariais / acadêmicas, para que a ligação entre gestão de estoque e a simulação computacional seja garantida no processo produtivo. Como resultado, os numerosos estudos reforçam que os softwares de simulação mais utilizados na otimização em ambientes de estoque são o Arena (32,5%), FlexSim (10%), VenSim (5%), com modelagens do tipo mista (25%), envolvendo análise multicritério, algoritmos genéricos, assim como, outros softwares de simulação (22,5%). Por fim, o diferencial desta pesquisa é a elaboração de uma agenda de pesquisa, listando as diversas lacunas identificadas para aprofundar os estudos na área, tendo como principal delas a escassez de trabalhos na área.
İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Matematik Dersine Yönelik Motivasyon, Kaygı Düzeyleri ve Öz Yeterlilikleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Baş Tuğba Deniz , Şahin Çavuş
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada ilkokul 3. ve 4. Sınıf öğrencilerinin matematik dersi motivasyon, kaygı düzeyleri ve öz yeterlilik düzeylerinin arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında Sinop ilinde öğrenim gören 3. sınıf düzeyinde 181 öğrenci ve 4. Sınıf düzeyinde 188 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Matematik Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği, İlkokul 3. ve 4. Sınıf Öğrencileri İçin Matematik Dersi Motivasyon Ölçeği ve İlkokul Çocukları İçin Matematik Kaygı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ortalama, standart sapma, pearson korelasyon analizi, regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre öğrencilerin dışsal motivasyon düzeylerinin orta, motivasyonsuzluk düzeylerinin düşük, içsel motivasyon düzeylerinin yüksek, matematik kaygı düzeylerinin düşük ve öz yeterlilik düzeylerinin yüksek düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin matematik motivasyonu ile matematik kaygısı, matematik motivasyonu ile matematik öz yeterliliği, matematik kaygısı ile matematik öz yeterliliği arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu, içsel motivasyonun ve matematik kaygısının matematik öz yeterliliği üzerinde anlamlı bir yordayıcı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
ASSESSING THE NEED FOR MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN NIGERIA
Authors: ABASILI Nkemjika Kingsley , CHIOKE Stephen Chinedu , UDEOBA Catherine Ekenma
Published: April 2024

Ekwusigo local government council is a bureaucratic organization that ought to implement
essential public policies while maintaining professionalism and other attributes of bureaucracy. However,
poor staff training and development culture affected this function. The specific objective of this research was
to identify the necessary strategies for effective manpower training in Ekwusigo local government council of
Anambra State, Nigeria. The research adopted survey research design. The research submitted that the
purpose of manpower training in Ekwusigo local government area should center on improving quality of
workforce, improving employee growth, preventing obsolescence, assisting new comer, bridging the gap
between planning and implementation, enhancement of health and safety measures, and increasing workers
morale cum enthusiasm. Regarding the specific objective, result shows that the appropriate strategies
towards manpower development in Ekwusigo Local Government Council are significant. In conclusion, the
findings predicate that the optimal performance of Ekwusigo local government is dependent upon the
adoption of these identified strategies for training and re-training of the council’s employees. It
recommended that manpower development should be encouraged by the council leadership for the members
of staff of Ekwusigo local government council.
DYNAMICS OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEMS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN FRANCE AND ROMANIA
Authors: GHERMAN Teodora
Published: April 2024

Despite the European Union’s concerted efforts to harmonize entrepreneurial growth and
innovation across member states, significant disparities remain in the entrepreneurial landscapes of Western
and Eastern Europe. France, with its mature entrepreneurial ecosystem, characterized by robust financial
infrastructures, supportive regulatory frameworks, and a vibrant culture of innovation, contrasts with
Romania’s emerging ecosystem. This paper employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative
metrics with qualitative insights. This comprehensive approach aims to identify the key factors contributing
to the disparities and synergies between the two ecosystems. The outcomes of this research are anticipated
to provide nuanced insights for policy makers, educators, and business leaders. By revealing the strengths
and weaknesses inherent in each ecosystem, the study aims to inform targeted interventions and collaborative
initiatives, fostering a more equitable, dynamic, and cohesive entrepreneurial landscape across Europe.
TRANSFORMATION IN ORGANISATIONAL COMMUNICATION
Authors: IFEDAYO Akinwalere
Published: April 2024

The chapter focuses on communication in corporate organisations as it manages change. It
recognises the need of communication during times of organizational transition. The tactics for educating
and understanding the need for change are also discussed. It also examined some organisational
communication change models that can be adopted by recognising the numerous aspects that influence the
communication process and lead to successful organisational communication transformation. This
information is becoming increasingly relevant as people become more versatile and move between work jobs
in different parts of the organisation to enrich their experience
WILL THE SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA TRIGGER LOCAL GOVERNMENT REFORM?
Authors: KOKO Nuruddeen Muhammad , TAYEB Azmil Mohd , RAZALI Siti Zuliha
Published: April 2024

Since the return to civil rule in 1999, Nigeria has been grappling with distress and persistent social,
economic, and political challenges that are terrifically threatening the country’s corporate existence.
Perhaps insecurity constitutes the most significant challenge to Nigeria’s stability. The spate and spectre of
insecurity in the country, ranging from the Boko Haram/ISWAP, ethnoreligious crises, kidnapping, rural
banditry, cattle rustling, farmers’/herders’ conflict, and the IPOB, had intensely questioned the capacity and
capability of the levels of government to fulfil the very essence of the state, which is to guarantee peace,
security of lives and livelihoods of individuals. Drawing on the assumptions of ungoverned spaces, the paper
examined local governments' dwindled capacity to carry out governance functions, particularly in rural
areas. Thus, the paper argues the essentials of bolder local government reform given the lapses in the existing
structure as envisaged in the 1999 Constitution regarding the functions, status, finances, and relations
between the local governments, states, and the federal government.
GENDER EQUALITY AND SUSTAINABLE EDUCATION IN NIGERA
Authors: TORIOLA K. Anu
Published: April 2024

The rights, dignity and capability of women cannot be ignored if the future of the generation yet
unborn is to be sustained. Nigeria as a country has in the past decades relegated women in all facets of
decision making including political and social life because the society subjected them under the leadership
and authority of the male counterpart. Given the realization of the potential of women in this dispensation,
all the effort to address this disparity has not achieved desired result because women are still not well
represented in the labour force, politics and decision making. They are over-burden by unpaid services
especially house chores and nursing which provided them little or no opportunity to participate actively in
the society. It is against this background that this study examines the relationship between gender equality
and sustainable education. It specifically investigates the effect of graduate turn-out on sustainable education
and examines the effect government educational financing on sustainable education in Nigeria. The study
follows descriptive research design and secondary data from World Bank Development Index (WDI) over
the period of 2000 to 2017 was used in the analysis. Descriptive analysis and empirical analysis using
regression analysis were conducted. The result of FMOLS regression showed that gender equality and
government educational financing exert a significant negative effect on sustainable education in Nigeria,
while income inequality does not showed a significant effect on sustainable education in Nigeria. The study
submitted that gender equality have a significant negative effect on sustainable education in Nigeria. Among
others, the need to redesign the educational system from elementary level in its entire curriculum planning
to incorporate the agenda of sustainable education was recommended. The objectives, teaching and
instruction methods, text books’ content and evaluation, should be redirected towards sustainability with
emphasis on its social and environmental aspects.
Determinants of Commercial Banks’ Credit in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Authors: KAKULE Manix MAHAMBA
Published: April 2024

The bank’s loans to the economy in the Democratic Republic of Congo are among the lowest in the Sub-Saharan African countries. The present study investigates the specific reasons that explain that low level. The factors which explain the banks’ credit to the economy under investigation are the rate, the banking inclusion, the banks’ branches, and savings and deposits. To conduct this research, a quantitative approach is used to analyze secondary data collected from annual reports of the Central Bank of Congo and IMF from 2010 to 2019. To explain the credit to the economy, Eviews 9 software estimates the econometric model of factors rate, banking inclusion, banking branches, deposits and savings. As a result, the level of credit to the economy is significantly explained by the credit rate and savings. Credit lent by banks to the economy in the Democratic Republic of Congo is low because the credit rate is high, and banks do not gather enough savings and deposits. The Banks and the Government should adopt new strategies to increase savings in commercial banks.
Emotional Intelligence, Organizational Justice, Character Development and Self-Correct Among School Leaders as Perceived by Teachers
Authors: Sappayani Alkhaser , Bustamante Glein , Agrazamendez Doreen , Cayogyog Alvin
Published: April 2024

The study was primarily conducted in order to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence, organizational justice, character development, and self-correct among school leaders as perceived by teachers. The study employed multiple regression, which showed a causal relationship between the latent variables. The 173 respondents were chosen through simple random sampling from Davao City. Adapted survey questionnaires were used in the data gathering and underwent validation process from the content validators and underwent pilot testing for content reliability and validity. Findings revealed that the latent variables: emotional intelligence, organizational justice, character development, and self-correct were manifested all the time. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and self-correct, organizational justice and self-correct, and character development and self-correct. On the other hand, a significant influence of the emotional intelligence and self-correct showed that there is an influence of indicators of the predictor variable motivating one-self, self-awareness, and social skills on self-correct. Indicators of managing emotions and empathy have no significant influence on self-correct. Moreover, regression analysis on the significance of the influence of organizational justice on self-correct, indicators of procedural justice, interpersonal justice, and informational justice showed significant influence on self-correct. The indicators of distributive justice showed no significant influence. Further, regression analysis on the influence of character development, an indicator of strong leadership showed significant influence. Based on the findings, emotional intelligence, organizational justice, and character development have significant relationships on self-correct among school leaders as perceived by teachers.
Nomina Loci with the Suffix -ниц(а) in Bulgarian (A Productive Pattern in the Past and Present)
Authors:   Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Ivanova Diana
Published: April 2024

Place names (nomina loci) in Bulgarian represent a very interesting research subject both in a diachronic and synchronic perspective. The word-formation type of the nouns derived by attaching the ending -ниц(а) or the extended suffixes -арниц(а), -ачниц(а), -илниц(а), -джийниц(а)/-чийниц(а) to designate the places where the activity or occupation denoted by the motivating verb is performed or exercised (or the places/homes where the entities denoted by the motivating noun are stored), is represented by a significant number of substantives. This group of derivatives clearly reflects the dynamics of the language as observed in the transition of words from the active to the passive lexical layer, the revival of lexical items belonging to the passive lexis, the emergence of neologisms following the established derivational patterns, the development of neosemantics, the proprialisation resulting in the formation of firmonyms. A recent phenomenon attested in the language has been the incorporation of nomina loci into the internet space: without actually existing, these places perform similar functions to their physical counterparts. The suffixes under discussion are used in the derivation of both simple and compound substantives. The empirical material confirms the productivity of the ending -ниц(а) in contemporary Bulgarian.
The New Meanings of the Adjective чувствителен (sensitive) – Why (not) to Prefer Them
Authors:   Institute for Bulgarian Language, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sumrova Vanina
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the recently established meanings of the adjective чувст-вителен ‘sensitive’ found in expressions such as sensitive information, sensitive data, sensitive issues, sensitive stories, which have emerged as a result of the English influence on Bulgarian. These meanings contrast with earlier uses of the word to the point of enantiosemy. Below I list a number of synonyms that can successfully replace this adjective in the expressions under consideration.
Nadka Nikolova, Diana Ivanova, Kina Vachkova, Miyryam Salim. The Letter Books of the Bulgarian Revival as a Source for the Formation and Functioning of the Literary Language. Volume 1. Volume 2.
Authors:   Institute for Bulgarian Language, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Aleksandrova Tatyana
Published: April 2024

The book consists of 14 studies arranged according to the chronological order of the publication of the 14 letter-writing manuals discussed in them, which appeared between the 1830s and the 1870s.
O PROCESSO DE INTEGRAÇÃO DOS FUNCIONÁRIOS: SEUS BENEFÍCIOS E DESAFIOS. UM ESTUDO APLICADO NA EMPRESA SAIPEM LUXEMBOURG SUCURSAL DE ANGOLA (2020-2022)
Authors: Dos Santos Rodrigues António Maria Isabel
Published: April 2024

Conhecer o local de trabalho envolve, dentre outros aspectos, informar-se sobre a cultura, as pessoas, a história e o papel da organização dentro da sociedade. Um processo de acolhimento e integração adequado dá ao colaborador a oportunidade de conhecer a cultura da organização em que está a ingressar. Para o colaborador, o conhecimento do local de trabalho é decisivo para o bom desempenho das atividades profissionais. Para a organização, por sua vez, um colaborador bem acolhido e integrado torna-se mais compromissado e conhecedor das suas atribuições e da postura que deve ter profissionalmente. Diante do exposto, surge a seguinte questão: Como tem sido o processo de integração, seus benefícios e desafios? Essa é a questão que norteia o trabalho.
Konsep Modern Classic Pada Perancangan Interior Novela Galery
Authors: Hasna Hanan
Published: April 2024

Novela gallery merupakan sebuah tempat persewaan kebaya, make up dan juga hairdo yang tempat usahanya berada di dalam sebuah rumah tinggal. Dikarenakan tempat tersebut sudah tidak dijadikan lagi sebagai rumah tinggal menjadi sebuah alasan untuk mengubah Novela Galery agar dapat dikembangkan lagi menjadi usaha yang bisa mendapat lebih banyak klien. Tujuan penulisan Artikel ini adalah a) Mendesain Novela Galery dengan konsep Modern Classic b) Menciptakan tata layout yang sesuai dengan fungsi Novela Galery c) Menerapkan material yang sesuai dengan konsep Modern Classic.  Dalam melakukan penelitian, dilakukakan beberapa metode pencarian data melalui observasi dengan studi literatur, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dari hasil metode pencarian tersebut bahwa konsep Modern Classic cocok diterapkan untuk Novela Galery. Konsep Modern Classic diaplikasian baik itu dalam pemilihan bentuk, dinding, lantai, ceiling, tata letak, furniture, dekorasi dan juga pemilihan material.
VISUAL BRANDING MAKANAN RAKYAT TIWUL AYU INDROKILO DI BOYOLALI
Authors: Margareta Dina , Wibowo Yudi , Henny Lukitasari Evelyne
Published: April 2024

Seiring dengan berkembangnya zaman, maka banyak juga peluang bisnis yang berkembang. Di masa pandemi covid-19 ini sebagian orang memiliki ide untuk menjual makanan unik yang belum pernah ada sebelumnya. Salah satunya adalah makanan tradisional yang bernama Tiwul Ayu Indrokilo. Tiwul yang terbuat dari bahan baku singkong tersebut dijadikan pengganti nasi ketika harga beras tidak mampu terbeli oleh masyarakat. Banyaknya bisnis makanan yang cukup kekinian dan proses globalisasi membuat persaingan di sektor usaha makanan semakin sengit. Budaya Korea Selatan yang menjamur belakangan ini turut membuat kulinernya naik daun. Tujuan perancangan tugas akhir ini adalah menghasilkan visual branding Tiwul Ayu Indrokilo yang diaplikasikan pada logo, daftar menu, seragam, poster, dan merchandise. Metode perancangan meliputi
7 tahap. Ide, survei, brief, brainstorming, creative brief, desain, dan evaluasi. Perancangan visual branding Tiwul Ayu Indrokilo dilakukan dengan konsep yang ditunjukkan untuk menguatkan image dari Tiwul Ayu Indrokilo dan menyampaikan varian unggulan dari Tiwul Ayu Indrokilo. Hasil akhir dari karya tugas akhir ini dimanfaatkan untuk mempromosikan produk dan pelayanan dari Tiwul Ayu Indrokilo.
Kata Kunci: Visual branding, Tiwul Ayu Indrokilo, Makanan Tradisional
STRATEGI PENYIARAN RADIO REPUBLIK INDONESIA SURAKARTA UNTUK MENJANGKAU PERDESAAN MELALUI PROGRAM SIARAN PEDESAAN
Authors: Pridayuliamita Dhiva , Kartinawati Erwin , Ningsih Rahayu Putri Sofia
Published: April 2024

Radio is a mass communication medium that has long been present among the people of Indonesia. Radio Republik Indonesia is a public broadcasting institution whose function is to provide information broadcast services, healthy entertainment education, and social control. The research entitled "Republic of Indonesia Radio Broadcasting Strategy Surakarta To Reach Rural Through Rural Broadcasting Program" aims to describe how the strategy adopted by RRI Pro 1 Surakarta in reaching rural areas through the Rural Broadcasting Program. The method in this research is descriptive using a qualitative approach. Based on the results of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that RRI Pro 1 Surakarta broadcasts on 101.1 FM has the power to build a broadcasting strategy in reaching rural areas through rural broadcasting programs using the Prigle Starr-Mccavit Broadcasting Strategy theory, namely program planning Prepare short, medium and long term planning In the long term, program production is in the program production process, RRI Pro 1 Surakarta adjusts programs produced by RRI Pusat, in the sense that all RRI programs throughout Indonesia are produced by RRI itself, program execution in program execution, RRI Pro 1 Surakarta uses clock format system, namely the time that distinguishes morning, afternoon, evening and night and program evaluation in the program evaluation process, RRI Pro 1 Surakarta evaluates every 6 months.
Regulasi Emosi Pada Mahasiswa Yang Mengalami Hubungan Toxic Relationship
Authors: Agustin Mellani , Dewi Rantri Mustika
Published: April 2024

Regulasi emosi berarti  suatu kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh individu untuk menilai, mengatasi, mengelola, dan mengungkapkan emosi yang tepat untuk mencapai keseimbangan emosional , Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui regulasi emosi pada mahasiswa yang mengalami hubungan toxic relantionship. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Partisipan berjumlah tujuh orang, terdiri dari tiga partisipan laki laki dan empat partisipan perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data wawancara. Hasil analisis menemukan bahwa setiap individu memiliki sumber emosi yang berbeda-beda saat menjalani hubungan toxic relantionship. Perbedaan sumber emosi juga mengarahkan pada strategi khusus untuk regulasi emosi, serta hal apa saja yang mempengaruhi kondisi emosi individu dan regulasi emosinya.
The Relationship between Sleep Quality and Smartphone Addiction among Adolescents
Authors: Kurudirek Fatma , Gürarslan Baş Nazan , Arıkan Duygu
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Technological developments have increased the usage of mobile equipment. Using a smartphone became a part of life and accentuated its usage day aftr day especially in adolescent groups.
Aim: The study was aimed to examine the relationship between sleep quality and smartphone addiction of adolescents.
Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 1192 high school students between March and June 2019. Data were collected with the Personal Information Form, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, Smartphone Addiction Scale. The data were evaluated through percentile distributions, means, independent samples t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analyses.
Results: The mean age of adolescents was determined to be 15.79 ± 0.96, with the mean total score of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index was 6.05 ± 3.04 and the Smartphone Addiction Scale was 36.01 ± 10.82. Statistically signifiant diffrences were observed among adolescents concerning gender, grade, daily smartphone usage duration, internet accessibility, and the use of smartphones before bedtime, impacting both sleep quality and smartphone addiction (p < 0.05). A positive and meaningful correlation was found between sleep quality and smartphone addiction in adolescents (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: As the smartphone addiction increases, sleep quality decreases. Adequate sleep is crucial during the growth spurt period. It is evaluated that early diagnosis and prevention of smartphone addiction in adolescents could make a signifiant contribution to the protection and promotion of adolescent health.
A literatura infantil como possibilidade para o ensino do Português como língua adicional para a comunidade surda
Authors: Cortez Mariana , Torres Anyie Lorena Cajamarca , Martiny Franciele Maria
Published: April 2024

Sabemos que a literatura cumpre uma função importante no desenvolvimento do ser humano, pois ela é capaz de humanizar, transformar, ensinar, constituindo-se como um elemento inerente às aprendizagens de sentido e de vida, contribuindo para imaginar novas realidades (Candido, 1972; Garcia 2015; Pereira, 2015; Abrahão; Pereira, 2015). Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal refletir sobre o seu papel de intervenção através da mediação de leitura de livro infantil ilustrado como possibilidade didático-metodológica (Petit, 2013) para o ensino do Português como Língua Adicional (PLA), com foco a estudantes surdos. Para tanto, o artigo apresenta uma proposta didática possível com o texto literário Nós (Furnari, 2000) de maneira descritiva com suas etapas e orientações. A metodologia de estudo seguida é de natureza qualitativa, visando a criação de práticas pedagógicas que sejam pertinentes para a formação de professores(as) para o desenvolvimento de atividades significativas e inclusivas em salas de aula. Nesse sentido, discutimos a formação de professores(as) de português nas escolas com base em reflexões e proposições sobre as dificuldades e especificidades de aprendizagem da comunidade surda (Fernandes, 2005; Quadros; Karnopp, 2014; Quadros; Schmiedt, 2006) em diálogo com teorias que consideram a relevância da função social, educativa e artística da literatura.
РАЗРАБОТКА КЛИНОРЕМЕННОГО ВАРИАТОРА ДЛЯ МНОГОРЕЖИМНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МАШИН
Authors: Р. Т. Сахыбаев  , Б. А. Койайдаров
Published: April 2024

Многорежимные технологические машины имеют сложные кинематические конструкции, например, металлорежущие станки, так как технологические скорости их изменяют, в основном, ступенчато. С целью упрощения кинематических конструкций многорежимных технологических машин рекомендуется использовать ступенчатый и бесступенчатый способы изменения скорости одновременно. Бесступенчатое регулирование скорости выгодно будет осуществлять при помощи клиноременного вариатора, так как имеет такие существенные преимущества, как простота конструкции, достаточный диапазон регулирования, доступная стоимость, надежность и бесшумность работы. Однако, выпускаемый заводом, существующий клиноременный вариатор со специальным широким клиновым ремнем имеет такие существенные недостатки, как зависимость диапазона регулирования от ширины ремня, недостаточная долговечность ремня, относительная высокая стоимость специального клинового ремня. В связи с этим, предложен клиноременный вариатор со стандартным приводным клиновым ремнем для бесступенчатого регулирования рабочих скоростей многорежимных технологических машин. Клиноременный вариатор снабжен многосекторным шкивом, скомпонованным из отдельных одинаковых секторов стандартного шкива. Диаметр многосекторного шкива изменяют, синхронно перемещая секторы по радиальным направлениям. Определены такие важные характеристики многосекторного шкива, как число секторов, тяговая способность, диаметр, силы нормального давления ремня, необходимые для проектирования вариатора со стандартным клиновым ремнем. Ключевые слова: вариатор, скорость, регулирование, клиновый ремень, сектор, угол, натяжение, нагрузка.
COMMON RAIL ОТЫН БҮРКУ ЖҮЙЕСІМЕН ЖАБДЫҚТАЛҒАН ҚОЗҒАЛТҚЫШТАРДАҒЫ БҮРКУ ЖӘНЕ ЖАНУ ПРОЦЕСТЕРІНІҢ КОМПЬЮТЕРЛІК ДИАГНОСТИКАСЫ
Authors: А. Б. Забиева  , Б. Б. Тогизбаева  , Ж. Р. Алипбаев
Published: April 2024

Пайдаланылған газ компоненттерінің шығарындыларын шектейтін стандарттар енгізілмес бұрын, тартқыштарды, серіппелерді, жұдырықшаларды және рычагтарды қолданатын қозғалтқышты басқару жүйелері механикалық болған. Мұндай басқарудың сапасы жанармай бүрку және жану процесінде басқару параметрлерінің қажетті қайталануын қамтамасыз етпеді. Пайдаланылған газдың компоненттерінің шығарындыларын шектейтін стандарттар енгізілгеннен кейін, жоғарыда аталған қозғалтқышты басқару жүйелері талаптарға сай бола алмады. Компьютерлік технологиялар мен бағдарламалық жасақтаманың дамуымен механикалық реттеуді электронды басқару жүйелеріне ауыстыру мүмкіндігі пайда болды. Дәл осы компьютерлік технологиялар мен бағдарламалық қамтамасыз етудің дамуы сынақ нәтижелерінің жеткілікті дәлдігі мен қайталануымен қозғалтқыштардағы бүрку және жану процестерінің параметрлерін басқару жүйелерін жобалауға мүмкіндік берді. Қазіргі заманғы электрондық дизельді басқару (EDC-electronical diesel control) басқару жүйесі, соңғы жылдары микропроцессорлардың есептеу қуатының артуына байланысты Common Rail бүрку жүйелерінің жоғары талаптарын қанағаттандыруға мүмкіндік береді. Common Rail жүйесі-дизельді қозғалтқыштарға отын бүрку саласындағы жоғары тиімді технология. Мақалада төрт тақырыптық деңгей саласындағы сұрақтар келтірілген: қозғалтқышты жобалау және жаңарту, оны пайдалану, агрегаттардың істен шығу себептерін анықтау мақсатында диагностика мәселелері және агрегаттарды жөндеу тиімділігін бағалаудың стендтік әдістері, сондай-ақ баламалы отын түрлері мәселелері. Кілтті сөздер: дизель, қозғалтқыш, бүрку процесі, жану процесі, диагностика, Common Rail.
AgwA: la impaciencia de la obra
Authors: Degavre Elodie
Published: April 2024

A través de su práctica y sus proyectos de investigación, AgwA ofrece una experimentación fascinante de la práctica. A lo largo de los años, su trabajo ha mostrado, cada vez más, respuestas a nuestras preguntas contemporáneas más cruciales. También ha sido testigo de un deseo de ampliar el campo de la arquitectura, viéndola como un momento en el que todas las cosas entran en contacto. Hoy en día, AgwA colabora frecuentemente con oficinas internacionales, lo que marca el segundo cambio en la escena arquitectónica belga: se han consolidado políticas para regular la calidad arquitectónica, los concursos van en aumento y los equipos son cada vez más interdisciplinarios e internacionales. BAST, architecten jan de vylder inge vinck, 6a, Office Kersten Geers David Van Severen, Caractère Spécial y Dogma están en la agenda de AgwA, trabajando junto a ellos en proyectos cada vez más importantes. Entre ellos, como siempre, un conjunto de edificios patrimoniales poco gratificantes y singulares, proyectos que reflejan la profunda transformación de nuestra relación con el patrimonio y el valor de los edificios. Otras aventuras los han llevado a una serie de concursos en Francia, a lugares conmemorativos en El Salvador y a China para una embajada. Pero en el fondo AgwA sigue fuertemente arraigado a Bélgica. Amantes de los encargos e incapaces de decir “gracias, pero no gracias,” están ahora involucrados en una serie de proyectos interesantes. Tan ansiosos como siempre por construir.
Out of Office
Authors: Pirard Marie
Published: April 2024

In order to challenge the non-inclusive aspects of Belgian architectural culture, the article explores inspiring practices. It gathers insights from two pairs of individuals: Ivan and Valentine from the non-profit organization Convivence-Samenleven, and Bernardo and Marianita from the collective Mama (Maintenance Matters). Each of them has consciously chosen to depart from traditional architectural offices and their usual working conditions to directly engage with local communities. Their narratives extend an invitation to reconsider our work frameworks, time commitments, relationships with users, and redefine project evaluation criteria. On a broader scale, they encourage us to reflect on the social significance of an architect's work.
2013 - 2014. PRINS DRIES
Authors: AgwA
Published: April 2024

Este modesto proyecto aborda el desafío de mejorar el espacio al aire libre para una guardería municipal ubicada en un animado barrio de Amberes. El objetivo: integrar ingeniosamente una plataforma transitable de exactamente 100 metros cuadrados en un patio compacto, delimitado en tres de sus lados por aulas y en el cuarto por una medianera rematada con el típico tejado flamenco a dos aguas. La cifra exacta de 100 metros cuadrados viene dictada por los requisitos reglamentarios y las limitaciones financieras del proyecto.
Estudio de la superficie libre de resaltos hidráulicos en cuencos amortiguadores empleando técnicas LIDAR
Authors: Macián-Pérez Juan Francisco , Vallés-Morán Francisco José , De-Rossi-Estrada Marco , Sánchez-Gómez Santiago , García-Bartual Rafael
Published: April 2024

El presente estudio busca contribuir a la caracterización del perfil longitudinal de la lámina libre en resaltos hidráulicos que tienen lugar en un cuenco amortiguador. Para ello, se desarrolla un modelo físico de cuenco amortiguador tipificado del United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR II), sobre el cual se mide la superficie libre de un resalto con números de Froude y Reynolds Fr1=9 y Re1=14.7·104, empleando técnicas LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging). Junto con el perfil de la lámina libre se obtienen una serie de parámetros relacionados con el mismo y de relevancia para el funcionamiento del cuenco amortiguador. Los resultados obtenidos y su comparación con datos y expresiones procedentes de la bibliografía muestran que las técnicas empleadas son capaces de caracterizar de forma adecuada la superficie libre del resalto, lo cual resulta indicativo del potencial de esta novedosa instrumentación. Los resultados también apuntan a la capacidad del cuenco analizado para reducir las dimensiones del resalto manteniendo su capacidad disipadora de energía.
PENGARUH METODE GIST TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR DALAM MAHARATUL QIRA'AH SISWA KELAS X DI MA QOTRUN NADA CIPAYUNG DEPOK TAHUN AJARAN 2022 / 2023
Authors: Fridayanti Fina
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena pentingnya metode dalam proses pembelajaran. Metode GIST sebagai contoh merupakan teknik untuk memahami bacaan yang diterapkan selama membaca atau setelah membaca. Melalui metode ini, siswa diarahkan untuk merangkum teks per paragraf dengan mengulang inti dari setiap paragraf tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai sejauh mana dampak Metode GIST terhadap minat belajar dalam maharatul qira'ah siswa kelas X di MA Qotrun Nada Cipayung Depok. Metode Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan berfokus pada desain penelitian deskriptif. Teknik sampling jenuh dipilih untuk pengambilan sampel, dan populasi yang diteliti adalah 97 siswa kelas X. Instrumen yang diterapkan dalam pengumpulan data adalah kuesioner, wawancara dan menggunakan uji prasyarat yaitu dari uji regresi linear sederhana. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh. minat belajar dalam proses pembelajaran melalui penggunaan metode GIST (Generating Instruction Schemata and Text) dalam maharatul qira'ah. Hasil dari uji regresi mengindikasikan bahwa dengan tingkat signifikansi mencapai 0,000 lebih rendah dari 0,05, dan nilai t-hitung adalah 6,777 yang lebih besar dari nilai t tabel 2,030, Ho ditolak sementara Ha diterima. Hal ini berarti bahwa metode GIST (X) memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap maharah qiro’ah (Y).
Broken trust
Authors: Rushton Cynda Hylton , Reina Michelle
Published: April 2024

Bridge building can help heal the healthcare workforce.
Virtual reality: Treating pain and anxiety
Authors: Preti Kelly
Published: April 2024

Learn how this technology can help improve patient quality of life.
Blokzincir Teknolojisi ve Verimlilik İlişkisi: Türk Kamu Yönetiminde Mevcut Durum Analizi
Authors: Can Yağmur , Akman Elvettin
Published: April 2024

Bilgi iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler ve dijital dünyanın her geçen gün açtığı yeni pencereler ile hem bireysel hem de kolektif olarak çeşitli dönüşüm süreçleri yaşanmaktadır. Kamu yönetimi ve kamu hizmet sunumu da etkilenen alanların başında gelmektedir. Karmaşık ve büyük ölçekli bir yapıya sahip kamu hizmetleri hızla değişen ihtiyaçlara yanıt verebilmek, kaynakları etkin ve verimli bir şekilde kullanabilmek adına yeni nesil teknolojik araçlara ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bu noktada büyük madalyonun sahibi olan kamu yönetimi, yeni ve yükselen teknolojileri sürekli olarak takip etmekte ve var olan işleyişini dijital dünyanın güncellemeleri ile yenilemektedir. Küresel düzeyde güçlü potansiyeli ile yükselen dijital teknolojiler arasında yer alan blokzincir teknolojisi de bu noktada dikkat çeken yenilikçi araçlardan biri olarak kullanılmaktadır. Blokzincir, dünyada çeşitli ülkeler tarafından kamu yönetimi ve kamu hizmet sunumu alanında hükümet programlarına dahil edilen ve somut uygulamalar ile sürekli geliştirilen bir durumdadır.
Bu çalışmada, blokzincir teknolojisi, verimlilik ile ilişkilendirilmiş ve Türk kamu yönetimi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden mevcut durum ve içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmış, bu doğrultuda blokzincir teknolojisi ile ilgili Türk kamu yönetiminde var olan kurumsal yapılanmalar, yayımlanan plan ve programlar çerçevesinde konu analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda dünyadaki somut uygulama örneklerinden de faydalanılarak Türkiye için blokzincir politika önerileri geliştirilmiştir.
A review on effects of diethyl ether on cyclic variations in diesel engines
Authors: Sezer İsmet
Published: April 2024

Diethyl ether (DEE) can be used in diesel engines as a fuel or fuel additive. The review study was compiled from the findings of several studies in this area. The diverse techniques are employed to mitigate the detrimental pollutants emitted by diesel engines. The first approach to reducing emissions involves altering the fuel system and engine design to improve combustion, but this is an expensive and time–consuming process. The utilization of various exhaust gas devices, such as a particle filter and catalytic converter, is necessary for the second way. However, the engine performance could be negatively impacted by these tools. Additionally, these exhaust devices increases the vehicle and maintain costs. The use of different alternative fuels or fuel additives is the third way that reduces emissions while improving engine performance. The particulate matter (PM), smoke, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are the main environmental pollutants released by diesel engines into the atmosphere. The decreasing PM and NOx emissions at the same time is practically very difficult. The majority of researches indicate that using alternative fuels, such as natural gas, biogas, and biodiesel, or blending additives with conventional or alternative fuels, is the best way to reduce emissions. However, the characteristics of the fuel have a significant influence on cycle variations, which have a significant impact on engine performance, fuel economy, and emissions. Therefore, it is very important that the results of studies on the impact of DEE on cyclic variation are evaluated together to practice applications and to guide future studies. As a result, the primary focus of this study is on the usage of DEE as a fuel or fuel additive with different diesel engine fuels. The aim of this review is to investigate, using the available knowledge in literature, how DEE affects cyclic variations.