bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, INTENSITAS MODAL, DAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PAJAK (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Jasa Yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2014-2018)
Authors: ROMADHINA ANGGUN PUTRI
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK

 

       Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan membuktikan adanya Pengaruh Komisaris Independen, Intensitas Modal, dan Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap Agresivitas Pajak secara parsial dan secara simultan. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah perusahaan jasa dari semua sektor yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode 2014-2018. Data yang diperoleh sebanyak 14 perusahaan yang terdiri dari PT. Bank Negara Indonesia, PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia, PT. Bank Tabungan Negara, PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Timur Tbk, PT. Bank Mandiri, PT. Bank CIMB Niaga, PT. Bank Maybank Indonesia, PT. Bank OCBC NISP, PT. Bank Finance Indonesia, PT. Jasa Marga, PT. AKR Corporindo, PT. Total Bangun Persada, PT. Waskita Karya, PT. Wijaya Karya. Metode pemilihan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah regresi linear berganda. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Komisaris Independen berpengaruh signifikan secara positif dan signifikan terhadap tindakan Agresivitas Pajak, Intensitas Modal berpengaruh signifikan secara positif terhadap tindakan Agresivitas Pajak, dan Corporate Social Responsibility tidak berpengaruh terhadap tindakan Agresivitas Pajak. Antara variabel Komisaris Independen, Intensitas Modal dan Corporate Social Responsibility berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap variabel Agresivitas Pajak.
Ivermectin for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection: a systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis to inform clinical guidelines
Authors: Bryant Andrew , Lawrie Theresa A , Dowswell Therese , Fordham Edmund J. , Scott Mitchell , Hill Sarah R , Tham Tony C
Published: May 2021

Background Re-purposed medicines may have a role against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The antiparasitic ivermectin, with anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties, has now been tested in numerous clinical trials.Areas of uncertainty We assessed the efficacy of ivermectin treatment in reducing mortality, in secondary outcomes, and in chemo-prophylaxis, among people with, or at high risk of, covid-19 infection. Data sourcesWe searched bibliographic databases up to April 25 2021. Two review authors sifted for studies, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Meta-analyses were conducted and certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach and additionally in trial sequential analyses for mortality.Twenty-four RCTs involving 3406 participants met review inclusion. Therapeutic Advances Meta-analysis of 15 trials found ivermectin reduced risk of death compared with no ivermectin (average Risk Ratio 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19 to 0.73; n=2438; I2=49%; moderate-certainty evidence). This result was confirmed in a trial sequential analysis (TSA) using the same DerSimonian-Laird method that underpinned the unadjusted analysis. This was also robust against a TSA using the Biggerstaff-Tweedie method. Low-certainty evidence found ivermectin prophylaxis reduced covid-19 infection by an average 86% (95% CI 79% to 91%). Secondary outcomes provided less certain evidence. Low certainty evidence suggested that that there may be no benefit with ivermectin for ‘need for mechanical ventilation’, whereas effect estimates for ‘improvement’ and ‘deterioration’ clearly favoured ivermectin use. Severe adverse events were rare among treatment trials and evidence of no difference was assessed as low certainty. Evidence on other secondary outcomes was very low certainty.Conclusions Moderate-certainty evidence finds that large reductions in covid-19 deaths are possible using ivermectin. Employing ivermectin early in the clinical course may reduce numbers progressing to severe disease. The apparent safety and low cost suggest that ivermectin is likely to have a significant impact on the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic globally.
Differential expression of leucine rich repeat containing 2 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding leucine rich repeat containing 2, LRRC2, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. LRRC2 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of LRRC2 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with luminal A, luminal B, and HER2+ subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. LRRC2 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Nature and timing of anatectic event of the Hida Belt (Japan): Constraints from titanite geochemistry and U-Pb age of clinopyroxene-bearing leucogranite
Authors: Harada Hironobu , Tsujimori Tatsuki , Kon Yoshiaki , Aoki Shogo , Aoki Kazumasa
Published: May 2021

The Hida Belt, central Japan, is a continental fragment, which was once a part of the crustal basement of the East Asian continental margin. It consists mainly of Permo-Triassic granite-gneiss complexes with both syn-to-late-metamorphic migmatite or granite bodies. Clinopyroxene-bearing leucogranite, locally called as 'Inishi'-type migmatite, occurs characteristically in the migmatite zone associated with amphibolite and marble. The leucogranite is characterized by the presence of coarse-grained diopside–hedenbergite series clinopyroxene and titanite in plagioclase-dominated matrix. Clinopyroxene contains abundant calcite inclusions. Euhedral titanite with high Th/U ratios (~2.8–7.8) and REE contents (~4514–14069 μg/g) contains polycrystalline 'granitic' inclusions. Those mineralogical features indicate the involvement of carbonate during anatexis. Considering a nominal pressure of 0.4–0.7 GPa of the Hida gneiss, Zr-in-titanite thermometry yields a temperature of 730–810 °C and 770–850 °C at aTiO2 = 0.5 and 1, respectively. The titanites show highly variable U/Pb (238U/206Pb = 15.0–24.0) and Pb (207Pb/206Pb = 0.172–0.419) isotope ratios, and the scattered trend follows a discordia line with a lower intercept at 225.4 ± 1.9 Ma. This titanite age would represent the timing of regional anatexis that have occurred in a later stage of the regional metamorphism of the Hida Belt. A high apparent thermal gradient at middle crustal levels might have caused by regional extension.
A new constitutive model for permanent deformation of blood clots with application to simulation of aspiration thrombectomy
Authors: Fereidoonnezhad Behrooz , McGarry Patrick
Published: May 2021

Direct aspiration with large bore catheter as the first line option in treatment of acute Ischemic stroke (AIS) is a fast and effective technique with promising outcomes. In silico models are widely used for design and preclinical assessment of new developed devices and therapeutic methods. Accurate modelling of the mechanical behaviour of blood clot is a key factor in the design and simulation of aspiration devices. In this study we develop a new constitutive model which incorporates the unrecoverable plastic deformation of clots. The model is developed based on the deformation-induced microstructural changes in fibrin network, including the formation and dissociation of the cross-links between fibrin fibres. The model is calibrated using previously reported experimentally measured permanent clot deformation following uniaxial stretching. The calibrated plasticity model is then used to simulate aspiration thrombectomy. Results reveal that inclusion of permanent plastic deformation results in ~15 % increase in clot aspiration length at an applied aspiration pressure of 200 mmHg. The constitutive law developed in this study provides a basis for improved design and evaluation of novel aspiration catheters leading to increased first-pass revascularization rate.
Arbitrary Pulse Shaping using Nonuniform Spacetime Modulation
Authors: Bahrami Amir , Caloz Christophe
Published: May 2021

This paper introduces and demonstrates a pulse shaping technique based on nonuniform spacetime modulation. This technique allows arbitrary pulse shaping and is in this regard unique, to the knowledge of the authors. Although we restrict here our attention to a 1+1D (1 dimension of time + 1 dimension of space) system, this idea can be extended to 1+2D (and 1+3D) systems, which will feature richer scattering phenomenology given the simultaneous transformations of the temporal vectorial spatial spectra of pulses.
On implementing timing-accurate computer-based experiments
Authors: Krause Florian , Lindemann Oliver
Published: May 2021

A recent study tested the timing accuracy of several software solutions to implement computer-based experiments (Bridges et al. 2020). We discuss some conceptual and implementation issues in an attempt to bring more general awareness to what implementing timing-accurate experiments crucially relies on: (1) familiarizing oneself with the basic principles of stimulus presentation as well as the specifics of the used experiment control software, and (2) understanding that timing accuracy estimates should never be understood as a hard promise to simply rely on without additional verification in a specific lab setting. We believe that the raised issues should be considered in a discussion on how software for computer-based experiments should be tested.
Design of Website-Based Queue Retrieval Application on Andi Motor using Codeigniter Framework
Authors: Gunaryo Andreas , Kurnia Yusuf
Published: May 2021

Conventional queues have become a common polemic in society. The duration of the process and waiting time for the queue greatly disrupts daily activities. Queuing is not fun for many people, especially if the queue is long and irregular. To deal with irregular queues, an application is needed that helps to queue more fun and has certainty of time. In the workshop, the queue retrieval system and waiting for the queue are usually done on the spot, this will not be a problem if the queue is not long, but if the queue is too long it will cause various problems. This journal discusses the design of website-based queuing applications using framework codeIgniter, where features are made based on the wishes of customers, so that this application has the purpose of facilitating customers in queuing wherever and whenever and customers will have certainty of time to queue. The design of this application uses the MVC method contained in the codeigniter framework to separate data and display and how to process it.
Application of Android-Based Mobile Learning Information System in Management of Learning Activities in Faculty of Science and Technology of Buddhi Dharma University
Authors: Christian Paulus Yayan , Wiyono Wiyono
Published: May 2021

Teaching and learning activities, especially in Higher Education, from time to time develop along with the development of technology, especially information technology. Initially, the teaching and learning activities at the Faculty of Science and Technology of the Buddhist Dharma University (FST-UBD) used a manual system in the form of face-to-face class. The system (for several courses and meetings) developed into distance learning (e-learning) where lecturers and students did not meet in teaching and learning activities in the classroom but through the internet media. This distance learning system uses computer or laptop facilities. The e-learning system was developed into a mobile learning system, which is a distance learning system using an Android-based smartphone. In the mobile learning system, lecturers can provide lecture material and assignments to students. Students can view lecture material via cellphone and can download the material. Students can submit assignments to lecturers via cellphone. The University can provide information about the seminar to be held. Students can choose the seminar to be followed and can register for the seminar via cellphone. This application system can be run well and can help facilitate the process of teaching and learning activities for lecturers and students. Lecturers can upload material and assignments for students. Students can view / download material and submit assignments to the lecturer. The university can provide information about the seminar and the seminar registration process.
Anicónica, cruel y nómada: Lima la sublime
Authors: Ciriani Patricia
Published: May 2021

Más allá de lo bello y lo feo, y lejos de satisfacer el afán planificador del urbanismo moderno, Lima se afirma como un laboratorio social donde el ritmo hípermoderno dominante coexiste con experiencias premodernas. El concepto de lo sublime, que desarrolló Kant en una teoría estética ilustrada que buscaba emancipar al hombre de la naturaleza, ayuda a descentrar la mirada del esteta urbanita y reconocer en la aparente ilegibilidad de las representaciones sociales limeñas, el punto de partida para repensar la ciudad desde la multiplicidad cultural. La difusa identidad de Lima, que no tiene ni centro ni periferia delimitados, nos obliga a aplicarle criterios estéticos ajenos al urbanismo clásico: lo informe de Bataille y Krauss; el teatro de la crueldad de Artaud; la deriva de Debord; la meseta, el nomadismo y el cuerpo-sin-órganos de Deleuze y Guattari; la posmodernidad optimista de Maffesoli.
“Estatuomanía” en América Latina. Aproximaciones a la escultura conmemorativa de fines de siglo XIX y comienzos del siglo XX
Authors: Vanegas Carrasco Carolina
Published: May 2021

Una serie de obras en diferentes ciudades de América Latina guían una reflexión sobre los procesos de creación, los usos y las prácticas alrededor de la escultura conmemorativa en su momento de mayor auge: el fin del siglo XIX y el comienzo del siglo XX. La mirada comparativa pretende mostrar algunas sincronías y asincronías de estos procesos, así como proponer una serie de problemas y autores a considerar en el estudio de la escultura conmemorativa de la región.
An Integrated Mathematical Model of the Plasma Spraying Process
Authors: Mckelliget J.W. , Trapaga G. , Gutierrez-Miravete E. , Cybulski M.
Published: May 2021

This paper describes an integrated mathematical model of the atmospheric pressure plasma spray process and presents a comparison between computed results and experimental measurements. The model describes fluid flow and heat transfer in the plasma plume; heating, melting and vaporization of injected powder particles; deposition and freezing of the molten particles; and the transient thermal history of the substrate. The plasma plume calculations are based on the solution of the two-dimensional turbulent equations of motion. A dynamic and thermal balance permits the calculation of the particle temperatures and velocities. The thermal history of the growing coating is calculated under typical cyclic spraying conditions. The computed results are compared against existing experimental data obtained from commercial plasma spraying torches.
Comparison Between Experimental and Numerical Results Obtained on In-Flight Particles Characteristics
Authors: Planche M.P. , Bolot R. , Landemarre O. , Coddet C.
Published: May 2021

This paper is dedicated to the comparison of experimental and numerical results obtained on iron particles characteristics during plasma spraying. Each part of the spray process (particle injection, behavior of the particle in the plasma jet and coating formation) may be studied using appropriate diagnostic techniques. In the present work, on-line measurements of in-flight particle characteristics were performed using an optical diagnostic technique insuring a real time control of temperature, velocity and diameter of particles during the spray process. Besides, numerical results were obtained considering momentum and thermal exchanges between the plasma jet and particles using an Eulerian-Eulerian model. The evolution of velocity and temperature with the particle size given by in-situ measurements were then correlated to those obtained with the numerical code.
Processing Effects on Splat Formation, Microstructure and Quenching Stress in Plasma Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Matejicek J. , Sampath S. , Herman H.
Published: May 2021

Plasma sprayed deposits consist of multitude of flattened lamellar particles - 'splats' - which as basic building elements form their structure and determine the deposit properties. Therefore, knowledge of the mechanism of their formation and characteristics is important for understanding the processing property relationships. Although extensive studies have been done on splat formation, there is a lack of correlation to macroscopic deposit properties. Among factors influencing the deposit properties and performance is residual stress, originating from splat quenching and thermal mismatch between the substrate and coating. This phenomenon has been studied mostly on macroscopic level. In the present study, an attempt is made to establish a connection between these two approaches. In the focus of this study is the effect of selected processing variables on splat characteristics, deposit properties and residual stress in a single-splat layer. The processing variables of primary interest were deposition temperature and substrate material. Molybdenum as a representative material of practical interest was used throughout this study. The correlation between stresses and processing conditions is discussed with regards to microstructure and relevant coating properties.
Deposition of Thick Silicon Layers Using a Radio-Frequency Thermal Plasma
Authors: Morvan D. , Krayem F. , Magnaval S. , Miralai S.F. , Amouroux J. , Ballutaud D. , Dresvin S. , Nguen Kuok Shy S.
Published: May 2021

RF Ar-H2 plasma spraying of metallurgical grade silicon particles (80-125 µm) was used in order to combine the purification and the deposition process of silicon particles with a high deposition rate (300 - 600 µm). The hydrogen and oxygen content of the plasma gas turned out to be of a great importance to purify metallurgical silicon powders. The whole process was investigated through ex-situ characterisation of the deposits and on-line diagnostics of the plasma which results matched quite well with the mathematical modelling. The deposits were characterised using SEM, EDX analysis, SIMS, XPS in order to explain the composition and overall properties of the layers in view of their use in photovoltaic applications. Characterisation of silicon deposits was completed by the hydrogen rate analysis using exodiffusion method. Hydrogen trapping in plasma sprayed deposits was found in order of 1019 at/cm3. The oxygen contained in the original powders (30%) was decreased down to 3 - 5% in the deposits. Finally, the on-line diagnostics of the plasma used was : Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA), Laser Doppler Granulometry (LDG) and Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES). The mean velocity and surface temperature of particles was found to be in agreement with modelling results.
Properties and Characterization of Thermal Sprayed Coatings and a Review of Recent Research Progress
Authors: Kuroda S.
Published: May 2021

Some of the recent research progress concerning the structure and properties of thermal sprayed coatings are reviewed. Structures of coatings are classified into three classes of hierarchy, i.e., layer structures, inter-splat structures and intra-splat structures. Important progress in the study and coatings development in each class is described. These include coatings developed to take advantage of the microstructure due to rapid solidification, such as amorphous and extension of solid state solubility, and characterization of porosity and how it is affected by process parameters. Then, stress generation during thermal spray is compared between plasma spray and HVOF spray. Particular attention is given to the importance of thermal and mechanical interactions of sprayed particles with the substrate and coating surface, which determine the nature of interlamellar bonding and that of microscopic stress.
Properties and Characterization of Thermal Spray Coatings
Authors: Reiners G. , Kreye H. , Schwetzke R.
Published: May 2021

During Thermal Spraying material is partially or totally melted in between milliseconds, accelerated to high velocities and propelled onto the surface to be coated. Different temperatures, velocities and cooling times of the particles arise from different spraying techniques and conditions. The microstructure can be widely varied by tuning the spraying parameters. To optimize the coating properties with respect to a specific function one has to know i) the influence of the spraying conditions on the microstructure and ii) the correlation between microstructure and coating properties. Therefore analyzing methods are needed to determine the microstructure and to characterize mechanical, physical and chemical properties of the coatings. The proposed paper summarizes methods to characterize the microstructure including metallographic techniques, electron microscopy and X-ray analysis. Methods to determine the properties of the coatings including various adhesion tests, residual stress measurement, tribological and corrosion tests will be described in more detail. The increasing importance of Quality Management in all industrial sectors call heavily for reliable, destructive and especially non-destructive characterization techniques of coatings. An overview of common characterization techniques as well as new trends will be given. Recent development of International standardized tests will also be reported.
Molecular and Micro Structure of Thermal Sprayed Heat and Corrosion-Resistant Plastic Coatings
Authors: Kawase R.
Published: May 2021

Polyphenylene-sulphide (PPS) and polyphenyletheretherketone (PEEK) have high heat and corrosion-resistant performance. Thermal sprayed coatings of PPS and PEEK have been produced by the HVAF spray system. The molecular structures of these coatings have been analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FT-IR) and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The microstructures of cross-section and surfaces of these coatings have been observed. The formation mechanism of these coatings has been estimated as follows; (1) PPS and PEEK powders are melted and oxidized during thermal spraying. However, the amount of coating oxidation is very small, so that high anti-corrosion performance of sprayed coatings is obtained. (2) These coatings have some pores including the incomplete melting particles. However, it is estimated that these pores are closed-pores.
Electric and Magnetic Properties of Thermal Spray Coatings with an Amorphous Structure
Authors: Borisov Y. , Korzhyk V. , Revo S.
Published: May 2021

Physical properties of coatings based on Fe-B, Fe-Ni-B, Fe-Cr-P-C, Fe-Ni-Si-B, Ni-P, Ni-Nb and Co-Fe-B-Si, deposited by the methods of flame, plasma-arc, and detonation spraying were investigated. The coatings have mostly the amorphous structure with the volume content of the amorphous phase equal to 75-95 %. Values of the distribution and temperature coefficients of electric resistance of the coatings, depending upon a method and conditions of spraying, as well as upon their treatment parameters, were determined. Comparative studies of these coatings and thin amorphous strips produced by the melt spinning method were conducted. The amorphous coatings of ferromagnetic iron and cobalt alloys are shown to be magnetically soft materials and are characterized by a high magnetic induction combined with a high magnetic permeability. As compared with the amorphous strips, Curie temperature of the amorphous ferromagnetic coatings is by 50-140 K higher and their anisotropy of magnetic properties is lower.
Characterization of Structure of Thermally Sprayed Coating
Authors: Li C.J. , He Y. , Ohmori A.
Published: May 2021

The structure of a thermally sprayed coating is generally of lamellar structure. There is generally porosity in the coating. The examination shows that the relationship between properties and porosity for conventionally processed porous materials is difficult to be applied to thermally sprayed coating because of complex pore networks. The lamellar structure of the coating and the bonding at the interfaces between lamellae often determine the properties of coating. It is generally difficult to evaluate quantitatively the structure of a thermally sprayed coating because of complicated pore networks in the coating. With the filling of the material different from the composition of the coating into the pores the structure of the coating including nonbonded interface area and also generally referred pores can be visualized. According to the distribution of filler in the coating the structure of a coating can be quantitatively evaluated using structural parameters such as lamellar thickness, lamellar bonding ratio, the width of interface gap and so on. The structural parameters necessary to describe the lamellar structure of thermal sprayed coatings and a method based on the pore filling and analysis of the distribution of filled materials are proposed.
The Use of the Scanning White Light Interferometry to Determine the Damage Produced in Wear Tests
Authors: Guilemany J.M. , De Paco J.M. , Miguel J.R. , Calero J.A.
Published: May 2021

The ball-on-disk wear test is widely used in order to determine the sliding wear resistance behaviour of the samples. Although a great number of authors consider the ball-on-disk test to be far from the real situation, the results obtained permit to develop a preliminary idea about the wear behaviour of the tested samples. During the development of the ball-on-disk test a wear track is formed on the test specimen. Scanning white light interferometry can be used to determine the surface damage in the wear track by obtaining images which relate to the surface profile and general morphology. From measurements on interferometric profiles it is possible to determine accurately the track depth and width and hence the volume of the coating removed by wear. It is also possible to determine by optical microscopy the volume of metal lost from the ball. The results obtained have improved the general understanding of the energy absorption during wear and of the observed changes in the coefficient of friction. The results obtained have shown that with the coatings of WC-Co deposited by the HVOF process no volumetric changes occur when using a WC-6%Co sintered ball. Tests on coatings containing TiC or Cr3CZ as the carbide phase or stainless steel coatings show significant losses of material.
Alumina Coatings by Plasma Spraying of Monosize Sapphire Particles
Authors: Erickson L.C. , Troczynski T. , Hawthorne H.M. , Tai H. , Ross D.
Published: May 2021

In an effort to obtain a series of plasma-sprayed coatings of controlled microstructure, three monosized sapphire powders were deposited using an axial injection torch in which the plasma gas composition and nozzle diameter were the only parameters varied. The effect of these parameters on splat morphology, porosity, angular crack distribution, and hardness is reported. Uniform, dense microstructure with a hardness rivaling chromia coatings was achieved through a combination of tightly controlled processing conditions and the use of mono-disperse precursor powders.
A Michelson Type of Shear Interferometer for Non Destructive Inspection of Debondings in Structures
Authors: Monteiro J. , Santos F. , Chousal J. , Vaz M. , Silva Gomes J.F.
Published: May 2021

This paper presents some results of an inspection program to detect coating-substract defects using a Michelson type of shear interferometer. Debonding defects are detected by properly loading the surface of the specimen in such a way that the interference fringe pattern is modified, rendering the debond readily visible. Image processing techniques are applied to enhance the detection and better define the debonding geometry. Load conditions, leading to a better detection of debondings, are also discussed. The technique allows to obtain information over a large area of the tested part, with a resolution one hundred of the wavelength of the light being used.
Investigation of Substrate Roughness in Thermal Spraying by a Scale-Sensitive 3-D Fractal Analysis Method
Authors: Siegmann S.D. , Brown C.A.
Published: May 2021

For the adhesion of thermally sprayed coatings, the substrate roughness, or topography, plays an important role in droplet-substrate interaction. The lack of availability of methods for appropriate characterization of the real topography is a major difficulty in understanding the role that topography plays during droplet impact, wetting and solidification. The complex nature of the usually chaotic substrate topographies cannot be fully characterized by conventional roughness numbers such as Sa or Ra. In our study a scale-sensitive fractal analysis method is used for describing the morphology of grit blasted surfaces. Area-scale analyses are performed on 3D data sets acquired from different substrate materials, treated by various grit blast parameters. From fractal analysis it is known that the apparent area of a rough surface increases as the scale of observation decreases. The area-scale relations are used on one side to guide experimental design for topographical data acquisition and analysis, and on the other side to understand the influence of the grit blast process on the different kind of substrates. The potential of these scale-sensitive analysis techniques for supporting statistical correlations and clear physical interpretations will be discussed.
In-Service Mechanical Property Degradation of CoCrAlY Coatings in Land-Based Gas Turbine Blades
Authors: Kameda J. , Bloomer T.E. , Sakurai S.
Published: May 2021

This paper describes variations in the microstructure/composition and mechanical properties in plasma sprayed CoCrAlY coatings and a modified Rene 80 substrate of gas turbine blades operated for 21000 h under liquefied natural gas fuels. Substantial oxidation/carbonization occurred in near surface coatings of concave blades but not in convex coatings. Aluminum and nickel/titanium rich nitrides formed in concave coatings and substrates adjacent to the interface, respectively. Small punch (SP) specimens were prepared in order that the specimen surface would be located in the near surface and interface regions of the concave and convex coatings. In SP tests, brittle cracks in the near surface and interface coatings of the concave blade initiated at low strains up to 950 °C. The convex coatings had higher ductility than the concave coatings and substrate and showed a rapid increase in the ductility above 800 °C. Thus it is apparent that the oxidation/carbonization and nitridation in the concave coatings produced a significant loss of the ductility. The in-service degradation mechanism of the CoCrAlY coatings is discussed in light of the operating temperature distribution and compared to that of CoNiCrAlY coatings induced by grain boundary sulfidation/oxidation.
Advantages of Induction Heat Treatment in the Application of Self-Fluxing Alloy to Boiler Tubes
Authors: Tomiguchi A. , Sochi Y. , Matsubara Y.
Published: May 2021

This study focuses on two major advantages of induction heating over flame heating in the treatment of coated boiler tubes. In both cases the induction heating process is simple, fast and effective. Firstly, we will show how the use of induction heating results in exceptionally thick and hard coatings with low porosity. Having high corrosion and wear resistant properties, the products can satisfy industry's needs for reliable coatings with a long service life. Next, the study will detail how a pipe with the coating already applied can be simultaneously bent by induction heating while the coating is melted and fused to the pipe. The result is a thicker, more even and reliable coating than that accomplished by the flame sprayed method on a bent pipe. The process is not only less cumbersome, but again provides a superior product for the market.
VPS Coatings Using Nanostructural Iron-Based Alloys
Authors: Brandt O. , Siegmann S.D.
Published: May 2021

Thermally sprayed Fe-based coatings can be applied in conditions ranging from almost solid to complete molten droplets. While spraying under atmospheric conditions, the oxygen content in the coating varies depending on the spray parameters and the portion of molten phases in the droplets. Using vacuum-plasma technology, Fe-based alloys can be sprayed with a significant amount of molten phase without oxidation. This capability can also be used for alloying Fe-based sprays with nitrogen as is done during reactive vacuum plasma spraying. Such alloying promotes the formation of dispersed vanadium-nitride which greatly improves corrosion and wear resistance.
Local Laser Treatment of Tribological Plasma Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Otmianowski T. , Antoszewski B. , Zorawski W.
Published: May 2021

In the article the results of set of experiments concerning the changes in microstructure of plasma sprayed Al2O3, Cr2O3 and W2C coatings of tribological test pieces obtained with use of locally applied laser beam treatment are given and discussed. The improvement of sprayed on coating layer adhesion to the steel base was ascertained and evaluated. The possibilities of the application of the described technology for development and production of slide elements of tribological joints are noticed.
Vacuum Heat Treatment and Low Pressure Carburizing of APS NiCr Coatings
Authors: Gaudin C. , Jacquot P. , Prince P. , Rivolet D. , Duhamel J.P.
Published: May 2021

Duplex processes consist in applying a treatment, like annealing, carburizing, or nitriding for example, to a plasma sprayed coating in order to improve particular physical characteristics of this coating. Trials of vacuum heat treatment or low pressure carburizing have been performed on APS NiCr coatings, previously sprayed on a steel type 16MnCr5. As a result, densification and adherence of the coating on the substrate have been significantly increased. To a lesser extent, the coating hardness has also gone up. The diffusion of chemical elements have been highlighted by X-ray analysis, showing the creation of a physicochemical bonding at the interface zone.
Thermal Spray Deposition of a Copper Coating on Aluminium Using the Protal Process
Authors: Ayrault-Costil S. , Montavon G. , Coddet C. , Rigollet F. , Freneaux O. , Folio F. , Barbezat G. , Wasen P. , Diard A.
Published: May 2021

In this work, the benefits of the Protal process were investigated, comparing adhesion and morphology of different APS thermal spray copper coatings onto an aluminum base substrate. The Protal process operates simultaneously an atmospheric thermal spray torch and a Q-switched laser (Nd:YAG) to perform surface preparation and coating deposition in a single operation. In that case, substrates are coated rough from the machine shop, i.e. without any prior surface preparation. Results obtained in this way were compared with results obtained using a classical procedure, Le, degreasing followed by sandblasting prior to coating deposition.
Post Treatment of Plasma Sprayed WC-Co-Ni Coatings by High Frequency Induction Heating
Authors: Matsubara Y. , Tomiguchi A. , Haraguchi H. , Hayashi H. , Ito H.
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to improve the properties of atmospheric plasma sprayed WC-Co-Ni coatings by post treatment with induction heating. The spray powders used were WC-Co-Ni composite powders, produced by adding Ni-P alloy to WC-Co powder. Induction heating applied to the coating caused fusion of the Ni-P alloy with the WC-Co-Ni coating and a strong metallurgical bond with the steel substrate. An innovation in recent experiments was the use of an antioxidant paste applied to the outer surface of the coating under treatment. This eliminated the need for working under the restrictions of a hydrogen gas environment. The properties of the treated coating were investigated regarding microstructure, hardness, adhesive strength, abrasion resistance and porosity.
Practical Experience With the New Generation of Low-Cost, Portable HVOFs
Authors: Heath G.R. , Dumola R.J.
Published: May 2021

The UTSC '97 saw the release of a new wave of HVOF related technologies with the promise of high quality coatings allied to lower costs and simpler operation. This trend was seen by some experts as signifying the future of HVOF development. The emphasis was on increasing the cost effectiveness/competitiveness of HVOF coatings and making the technology more attractive to the general coatings market. One route was to use microchip technologies to control the process therefore reducing operation involvement in addition to reducing parts and system cost. Further features included using higher oxygen inlet chamber pressures for higher quality and higher deposition rates. The more compact and portable designs also allow HVOF to expand into field applications and a lower capital cost enabled non-specialists to adopt HVOF. This paper summarises the significant features of this technology wave in the light of practical operational experience and applications. One key to the success of the technology has been its correct matching to the coating type and application. Total coating cost analysis is performed to highlight its economic benefits and there is a comparison with other established forms of coating such as chrome plating, plasma and combustion spraying. This includes a description of the coating quality and wear performance.
Radio-Frequency Suspension Plasma Spraying of Cobalt Spinel Anodes for Alkaline Water Electrolysis
Authors: Mueller M. , Henne R. , Schiller G. , Boulos M.I. , Gitzhofer F. , Heimann R.B.
Published: May 2021

Suspensions of cobalt spinel (Co3O4) powders were rf plasma sprayed to form electrocatalytically active anode layers. Stable cobalt oxide suspensions of low viscosity exceeding 50 wt% solid phase have been processed. A spheroidization study revealed the formation of large spherical powder particles (- 30 + 80 µm). Cobalt oxide coatings were produced by rf suspension plasma spraying. The porosity was controlled by optimizing spray distance and reactor pressure. The main disadvantage of the thermal plasma processing of cobalt spinel is that the decomposition of the spinel phase into CoO could not be prevented, not even with the application of an 80% oxygen plasma. However, with a relatively low power oxygen plasma post-treatment, the deposited CoO layers can be oxidized to Co3O4, greatly improving the electrochemical performance of the anode layers.
Study of Damage Processes in Plasma Sprayed Bond Coat Under Thermal Cycling
Authors: Bonnet P. , Abboudl S. , Normand B.
Published: May 2021

Plasma sprayed thermal barriers are used as insulating materials in the hot sections of gas turbines to decrease the metal temperatures during service and men allow a higher combustion temperature for better engine efficiency. They usually contain a bond coating to protect the substrate from high temperature oxidation and a top coat with a low thermal conductivity. This study evaluate and identify the mechanisms of degradation of a vacuum plasma sprayed NiCoCrAlYTa bond coat subjected to thermal cycling at high temperature. The microstructure and micro-composition of the coating layer were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis to elucidate the improvement and degradation mechanisms of the material. The thermal cycling provokes some morphological and chemical modifications changes within this material. These modifications provoke a perturbation of the heat transfer within the material.
The determination of oxidative damage caused by fluoxetine hydrocloride in swordtail fish (Xiphophorus hellerii)
Authors: Kaymak Güllü
Published: May 2021

In this study, it was aimed to determine the oxidative stress in the tissues of the swordtail fish (Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel, 1848) after exposed to the active ingredient of Prozac® and one of the SSRI (Selective Serotonine Reuptake Inhibitor) group antidepressants, Fluoxetine Hydrochloride, which is considered to be safe cardiovascular. It is widely used in the treatment of depression, which is one of the increasing health problems in the World. Fluoxetine-HCl has been found 0.012 μg/L in surface waters and in the dose range of 0.54-0.929 μg/L in wastewater (Sehonova et al., 2018). In line with this information, 0.1 μg / L and 1 μg / L Fluoxetine-HCl was administered to swordtails. At the end of 96 hours, heart and liver tissues of the fish were dissected under antiseptic conditions and homogenized. Later, malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) enzyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity and total protein amount were determined by spectrophotometric methods. As a result, while CAT enzyme activity and MDA level decreased in heart tissue, SOD enzyme activity and GSH level increased. In liver tissue, while CAT enzyme activity and GSH amount increased, SOD enzyme activity and MDA level decreased. As a result of the comparisons with the control group, it was determined that Fluoxetine-HCl is effective in regulating the stress response by affecting the stress pathways in swordtails.
The confirmed occurrence of two specimens of Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1758) from Mersin Bay (NE Mediterranean, Turkey)
Authors: Ergüden Deniz , Ayas Deniz
Published: May 2021

Remoras attach to sharks, big fish, and sea turtles and continue their lives with these creatures. Kapızlı and Tekeli beaches are located near Göksu Delta and Anamur nesting areas of Caretta caretta. In this study, two Remora individuals were caught with a fishing rod in July, when the ovulation was most intense. The smaller remora individual (33 cm) was caught from the coast of Tekeli with the chicken breast at a depth of 2.5 m, and the larger one (66 cm) with bread at a depth of 1.5 m from Kapızlı beach on 24.07.2020. The two Remora individuals caught were probably attached to the sea turtles. However, probably due to sea turtles going to the beach to lay eggs, Remoras started to free-swimming, and they were caught with the fishing line since they could not be fed. The present study reported that the first occurrence of Remora specimens is probably attached to turtles for Turkey's northeastern Mediterranean coast. Besides, this study is provided some morphometric and meristic data on this species and discussed a probable host of these specimens.
A study of the TP53 Germline Mutation and Clinicopathologic Features in Thai Children with Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Aungkawattanapong Nadvadee , Techavichit Piti , Lauhasurayotin Supanun , Chiengthong Kanhathai , Sosothikul Darintr , Monsereenusorn Chalinee , Supornsilchai Vichit , Suphapeetiporn Kanya , Teerapakpinyo Chinachote , Shuangshoti Shanop
Published: May 2021

Objective: To determine the clinicopathologic features and germline tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutation in children with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC).Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study. From 2009 to 2018, children with ACC from King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Phramongkutklao Hospital were enrolled into the study. Clinical presentations and hormonal profiles were recorded. Mutation analyses of the TP53 gene were acquired using the next-generation-sequencing method which was performed for germline samples of all patients and the parents of those who tested positive.Result: Two males and six females with ACC were enrolled into this study. The median age at diagnosis was 25.5 months (range 10 to 67 months). All participants had virilization, either virilization only (n=3) or associated with Cushing (n=5). All participants had had surgery to completely remove all of the tumor and three participants had received adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of etoposide, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide. All participants had three different known mutations in the TP53 gene: c.1010G>A (p.R337H), c.916C>T (p.R306*) and c.743G>A (p.R248Q). Two of the three participants with TP53 mutations had pulmonary metastasis. One participant had wild-type TP53 and pulmonary recurrence occurred one year after diagnosis. The median follow-up time was 31 months (range 10 to 168 months. As of this writing, seven participants survived without evidence of recurrence. No second malignancy was found in all participants. One participant who had c.916C>T died of pulmonary metastasis 10 months after diagnosis.Conclusion: We successfully identified three different germline TP53 mutations in patients with ACC. Progression to pulmonary metastasis and recurrence were higher among participants with TP53 mutations. The treatment outcome of childhood ACC was good when surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy were used.
Implementasi Penggunaan Dana Desa Dalam Pelestarian Adat
Authors: Nuriyatman Eko , Windarto Windarto , Mushawirya Rustian
Published: May 2021

Kabupaten Muaro Jambi dalam pelestarian Desa adat, yang mana desa merupakan daerah otonom dengan disahkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa. Undang-Undang Desa juga memberikan angin segar tentang pelestarian mengenai Desa adat, dimana pada regulasi sebelumnya belum memunculkan kembali desa adat secara jelas dan tegas, akan tetapi dengan munculnya Undang-Undang Desa cukup mengakomodir Desa untuk terus menjaga dan mempertahnkan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara. Lembaga Adat Desa harus dapat merangkum semua aspek, baik dari segi penataan Desa adat, pengawasan Desa adat, pemerintaha Desa adat sampai pada Peraturan Desa adat, dengan kehadirannya Lembaga Adat serta mendapat peran signifikan dalam menjaga dan mempertahankan nilai-nilai budaya setempat ditengah-tengah keberagaman dalam bermasyarakat, mampu mengimplementasikan perannya tanpa menciderai Undang-Undang, niali-nilai agama, keberagaman dan lain sebagainya, akan tetapi mempercepat terwujudnya Desa Mandiri tanpa harus menkikis budaya asli Kecamatan Jambi Luar Kota.Hasil dari penelitian ini terlihat secra implementasi sudah terwujud terbukti dengan disahkannya Lembaga adat se-Kecamatan Jambi Luar Kota, hanya saja belum maksimal, disebabkan Lembaga Adat masih Fokus pada internal organisasi, peraturan Desa adat dan
The utility of diffusion tractography for speech preservation in laser ablation of the dominant insula: illustrative case
Authors: Kaufmann Timothy J. , Lehman Vance T. , Wong-Kisiel Lily C. , Kerezoudis Panagiotis , Miller Kai J.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Open surgical treatment of insular epilepsy holds particular risk of injury to middle cerebral artery branches, the operculum (through retraction), and adjacent language-related white matter tracts in the language-dominant hemisphere. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a surgical alternative that allows precise lesioning with potentially less operative risk. The authors presented the case of a 13-year-old girl with intractable, MRI-negative, left (dominant hemisphere) insular epilepsy that was treated with LITT. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography was used to aid full posterior insular lesioning in the region of stereo electroencephalography–determined seizure onset while avoiding thermal injury to the language-related superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF)/arcuate fasciculus (AF) and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF).

OBSERVATIONS

DTI tractography was used successfully in planning insular LITT and facilitated a robust insular ablation with sharp margins at the interfaces with the SLF/AF and IFOF. These tracts were spared, and no neurological deficits were induced through LITT.

LESSONS

Although it is technically demanding and has important limitations that must be understood, clinically available DTI tractography adds precision and confidence to insular laser ablation when used to protect important language-related white matter tracts.