bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LS-DN algorithm based user matching and power minimization in NOMA disaster communication
Authors: Zou Chengcheng , Zhang Damin , Zhang linna
Published: April 2022

To address the limited and time delay disaster communication, a joint optimization scheme integrates the advantages of differential evolution algorithm (DE) and naked mole rat algorithm (NMR), and proposes Lévy and sigmoidal DE-NMR, namely LS-DN. LS-DN applies the Lévy flight parameters of adaptive features and sigmoidal picking factors to the worker of NMR phase, and optimizes the cross-probability (CR) and selection factor（λ） in the DE algorithm, to obtain a balance the exploration and development capabilities. The proposed LS-DN algorithm is used to optimize the user aggregation scheme. since an effect aggregation of disaster victims can reduce power consumption and improve system performance, An value of power external function () is defined for each disaster victim, which is expressed as the system power consumption value for each disaster victim under different aggregation schemes. To minimize the microcell power without deteriorating the quality of service (QoS), it is demonstrated by analyzing the relevant characteristics of non-orthogonal multiple access（NOMA）disaster communication that the power consumption strongly depends on user aggregation method and power allocation. The significance of joint optimization for improving the performance of NOMA disaster communication systems is also emphasized. Simulation results show that LS-DN is able to significantly reduce the power consumption of the system. With the application of LS-DN, the throughput of NOMA system increases by 65% compared to the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) system.
Puricelli biconvex arthroplasty as an alternative for temporomandibular joint reconstruction: description of the technique and long-term case report.
Authors: Puricelli Edela
Published: April 2022

Background
There are several indications for partial or total replacement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), including neoplasms and severe bone resorptions. In this regard, several techniques have been suggested to increase the functionality and longevity of these prosthetic devices. This case report presents a patient treated with the Puricelli biconvex arthroplasty (ABiP) technique with a long-term follow-up.
Case presentation:
In 1978, a 33-year-old male polytraumatised patient developed painful symptoms in the right preauricular region, associated with restricted movement of the ipsilateral TMJ. Due to subcondylar fracture, an elastic maxillomandibular immobilisation (EMMI) was applied. Subsequently, the patient was referred for treatment when limitations of the interincisal opening (10 mm) and the presence of spontaneous pain that increased on palpation were confirmed. Imaging exams confirmed the fracture, with anteromedial displacement and bony ankylosis of the joint. Exeresis of the compromised tissues and their replacement through ABiP was indicated. The technique uses conservative access (i.e., preauricular incision), partial resection of the ankylosed mass, and tissue replacement using two poly(methylmethacrylate) components, with minimal and stable contact between the convex surfaces. At the end of the procedure, joint stability and dental occlusion were tested. The patient showed significant improvement at the postoperative 6-month follow-up, with no pain and increased mouth opening range (30 mm). At the 43-year follow-up, no joint noises, pain or movement restrictions were reported (mouth opening of 36 mm). Imaging exams did not indicate tissue degeneration and showed the integrity of prosthetic components.
Conclusions
The present case report indicates that ABiP enables joint movements of the TMJ, allowing the remission of signs and symptoms over more than 40 years of follow-up. These data suggest that this technique is a simple and effective alternative when there is an indication for TMJ reconstruction in adults.
An Adaptive Target Tracking algorithm for UAVs based on a Pseudo-twin Network
Authors: Wang Xunjun , Li Yun , zhang rongyao
Published: April 2022

Target tracking methods based on UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) face huge challenges, such as target blockage, viewing angle changes, scale changes and background noise, that can easily lead to low target tracking accuracy and poor robustness. In addition, the traditional neural network online and offline tracking methods easily lead to poor tracking real-time performance because of the limitations of drone target tracking computing. To address the above issues, the adaptive target tracking algorithm for UAVs based on a pseudo twin network (ATTPTN) is proposed. In the ATTPTN methods, the asymmetric pseudo twin network framework consists of the target tracking branch and the template library branch, and target tracking and template updating and selection tasks are performed. Because the fitting ability of the initial target model is gradually weakened, the template library uses a scoring strategy to selectively store the template features intermittently and shares the template input tracking branch with the target feature model for subsequent tracking. The target tracking branch adaptively completes the target tracking task based on an improved kernel density probability estimation method. The experimental simulation results show that compared with the KCF (Kernelized Correlation Filters), DSST (Discriminative Scale Space Tracker), the proposed ATTPTN method routing protocol is superior in terms of accuracy, robustness and expected average overlap.
Protective effects of carbon dots derived from Rhei radix et rhizoma carbonisata on DSS (dextran sulfate sodium)-induced ulcerative colitis
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Zhao Jie , Zhao Yusheng , Bai Xue , Chen Yumin , Liu Yuhan , Zhang Yue , Kong Hui , Qu Huihua , Zhao Yan
Published: April 2022

In this study, the protective effect of Rhei radix et rhizoma-based carbon dots (RRRC-CDs) on acute ulcerative colitis were investigated. The green high-temperature carbonization method is used to prepare novel RRRC-CDs. The morphology, structure, functional groups, and other information of RRR-CDs were captured by transmission electron microscope, high-resolution electron microscope, ultraviolet, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, and through pharmacodynamic experiments to studied the protective effect of RRRC-CDs on ulcerative colitis. The results demonstrated that the RRRC-CDs were almost spherical in diameter ranging from 1.374nm - 4.533nm, and composed of mainly C, N, and O. The RRRC-CDs inhibited DSS-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress injury mainly by down-regulating TNF-α, IL-6, MPO, MDA and increasing the levels of IL-10, CAT, GSH, and SOD. RRRC-CDs showed a significant protective effect on ulcerative colitis. This study results indicated that RRRC-CDs have potential clinical application in ulcerative colitis.
Utilization and compliance with iron supplementation and predictors among pregnant women in Southeast Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Beressa Girma , Lencha Bikila , Bosha Tafese , Egata Gudina
Published: April 2022

Background
Globally, anemia affects 1.62 billion people (25%) of which 56 million are pregnant women. However, evidence for utilization and compliance with iron supplementation and predictors during pregnancy, in low-income countries, including Ethiopia, was sparse and inconclusive. Therefore, this study aimed to assess utilization and compliance with iron supplementation and predictors among pregnant women in Robe Town, Southeast Ethiopia.
Methods
Community-based cross-sectional study was employed among randomly selected 445 pregnant women attending antenatal care at health facilities from May to July 2015. Systematic random sampling was used to select respondents. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered, structured questionnaire. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of compliance with iron supplementation. An odds ratio, along with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the strength of the association.
Results
In this study, 54%; 95% CI: (49.4, 58.4%), 45.2%; 95% CI: (40.9, 49.4%), 4.3%; 95% CI: (2.5, 6.3%), and 2.2%; 95% CI: (1.1, 3.6%) of women received iron supplements during their first, second, third, and fourth antenatal care visits, respectively. The level of compliance with iron supplementation was 92.4%; 95% CI: (89.9, 94.6%). Having a formal education (AOR = 4.45, 95% CI: 1.41, 13.99), high wealth quintile (AOR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.68), medium wealth quintile [(AOR = 0.33, 95% CI: (0.11, 0.98)], iron supplements for free (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI: 1.33, 10.69), not experiencing discomfort related to iron supplements intake (AOR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.17, 7.39), having comprehensive knowledge about anemia (AOR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.02, 6.70), being knowledgeable about iron supplements (AOR = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.12, 9.76), having information about importance of iron supplementation during pregnancy (AOR = 2.86; 95% CI: 1.04, 7.87), and ever being visited by urban health extension workers (AOR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.83) was significantly associated with compliance with iron supplementation during pregnancy.
Conclusion
The utilization of iron supplementation during pregnancy was low, with relatively high compliance with the supplements. Thus, comprehensive nutrition education and free provision of iron supplementation are crucial tools to increase utilization and compliance with iron supplementation during pregnancy. Further research with a strong study design using golden standard methods is warranted.
The efficacy of platelet rich plasma in treating symptomatic cases with MRI-confirmed degenerative medial meniscal lesions
Authors: Zou Guoyou , Sun Jinpeng , He Xiao , Shen Xiaofei , Chen Pengyu , Shao Aiping , Shi Xiaoming
Published: April 2022

ObjectsTo observe the efficacy and imaging changes after autologous platelet rich plasma intra-articular injection for symptomatic degenerative meniscal lesions.MethodsFrom December 2019 to May 2021, 68 knee pain outpatients over 50 years old whose diagnoses were also confirmed by MRI which showing I-III degrees meniscus degenerative lesions underwent a series of intra-articular injection of autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP), 3 sequential injections with 7-day intervals. All patients were followed-up and evaluated by Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale 1 month and 6 months post treatment. MRI was rearranged for all patients at the time of the sixth month after treatment to observe if there were changes of the meniscal lesion as well as the edema of the MCL and the adjacent bone marrow.Results The Lysholm scores of 68 patients were all significantly improved post-treatment and there was no significant difference between one month and six months after treatment. MRI showed that after 6 months of PRP treatment the bone marrow edema areas were dramatically decreased and even totally disappeared in some patients (15/25). Meanwhile, MRI imaging also showed in 83.3% (65/78) of the patients that the edema around the medial collateral ligament (MCL) disappeared completely while others presented significant diameter-decrease of their primary edema areas.ConclusionsGood clinical outcomes were achieved in patients with symptomatic degenerative medial meniscus lesions after intra-articular injection of PRP. MRI showed the primary edema area of the medial collateral ligament and the bone marrow both decreased and, in some cases, even disappeared at the sixth month post-treatment.
Using TAM to Evaluate the Effect of intensive usage of Digital Payment in Egypt
Authors: Abdella Aliaa kamal , Taha Ibrahim M. , Elnady Mai. A.
Published: April 2022

The growth of digital payments has been aided by the government’s pledge to provide monetary assistance to the public by making payments directly into bank accounts. Consumers have access to all available cash or lines of credit for a given transaction with digital payment. Digital payment methods encourage pulse transactions, particularly online, and consumers are more inclined to buy an item they see on sale online because purchasing it with a credit card would simply take a few clicks. The Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) has assessed its progress in facilitating electronic payments. Egypt's electronic payment business has undergone a number of recent improvements. This study used the technology acceptance model (TAM) to investigate people's behavioral intentions to use digital payment and e-commerce to assess their technological proficiency in Egypt. The technological acceptance model may be used to explain users' desire to embrace a digital payment assessment system according to the findings of this study. Partial least squares-based path modeling with latent variables is a methodology that allows estimating complex cause-effect relationships using empirical data. the purpose of this paper is first, a finite mixture path modeling methodology for separating data based on the heterogeneity of estimates in the inner path model, second, prediction objected segmentation as it performs well in discovering unobserved heterogeneity informative measures . They are implemented in a software application for statistical computation. Analyze the results of finite partial least squares to finite mixture path modeling segmentation and prediction objected segmentation.
Association of ambulatory blood pressure with coronary microvascular and cardiac dysfunction in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yeo Jian L , Gulsin Gaurav S , Brady Emer M , Dattani Abhishek , Bilak Joanna M , Marsh Anna-Marie , Sian Manjit , Athithan Lavanya , Parke Kelly S , Wormleighton Joanne , Graham-Brown Matthew PM , Singh Anvesha , Arnold J Ranjit , Lawson Claire , Davies Melanie J , Xue Hui , Kellman Peter , McCann Gerry P
Published: April 2022

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension commonly coexist and are associated with subclinical myocardial structural and functional changes. We sought to determine the association between blood pressure (BP) and left ventricular (LV) remodeling, systolic/diastolic function, and coronary microvascular function, among individuals with T2D without prevalent cardiovascular disease. Methods: Participants with T2D and age-, sex-, and ethnicity-matched controls underwent comprehensive cardiovascular phenotyping including fasting bloods, transthoracic echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging with quantitative adenosine stress/rest perfusion, and office and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. Multivariable linear regression was performed to determine independent associations between BP and imaging markers of remodeling and function in T2D.Results: Individuals with T2D (n = 205, mean age 63 ± 7 years) and controls (n = 40, mean age 61 ± 8 years) were recruited. Mean 24-hour systolic BP, but not office BP, was significantly greater among those with T2D compared to controls (128.8 ± 11.7 vs 123.0 ± 13.1 mmHg, p = 0.006). Those with T2D had concentric LV remodeling (mass/volume 0.91 ± 0.15 vs 0.82 ± 0.11 g/mL, p < 0.001), decreased myocardial perfusion reserve (2.82 ± 0.83 vs 3.18 ± 0.82, p = 0.020), systolic dysfunction (global longitudinal strain 16.0 ± 2.3 vs 17.2 ± 2.1%, p = 0.004) and diastolic dysfunction (E/e’ 9.30 ± 2.43 vs 8.47 ± 1.53, p = 0.044) compared to controls. In models adjusted for 10 clinical variables, mean 24-hour systolic BP was an independent determinant of concentric LV remodeling (β = 0.156, p = 0.042), diastolic dysfunction (β = 0.274, p < 0.001) and myocardial perfusion reserve (β = -0.224, p = 0.012). Mean 24-hour diastolic BP was associated with LV concentric remodeling (β = 0.196, p = 0.017).Conclusion: 24-hour ambulatory systolic BP, but not office BP, is an independent predictor of cardiac remodeling, coronary microvascular dysfunction, and diastolic dysfunction among asymptomatic individuals with T2D. (Clinical trial registration. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03132129 Unique identifier: NCT03132129)
Psychological Well-Being among Saudi Adults During the Context of COVID-19 Lockdown: A Psychometric Analysis of the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire
Authors: Hamad Eradah O
Published: April 2022

Background: Most communities' mental health and perceptions of psychological well-being are known to be profoundly disrupted by large-scale pandemics. Despite the wide range of available screening measures, there are few reliable and valid screening measures for detecting psychological symptoms in non-clinical populations during a health emergency situation such as the COVID-19 outbreak. Objective: This study aims to conduct a psychometric analysis of Goldberg's 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) to validate its use among a sample of Saudi adults during the context of COVID-19 lockdown using reliability and factor analyses. Methods: 473 individuals (aged 18 years and over) were recruited and taken from the general Saudi population living in Makkah province of Saudi Arabia to complete the virtual format of the Arabic GHQ-12 (Ar-GHQ-12). In addition to descriptive statistics and reliability analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to examine the factorial structure of the Arabic GHQ-12. Results: In line with previous works from several cultures, the Ar-GHQ-12 was found to have high reliability (α = .859) and considered the two-factor solution to be the best-fitting model because it fits the data better than the one-factor (unidimensional) model. Discussion: It was determined that the Ar-GHQ-12 is suitable for assessing the psychological well-being of the general non-psychiatric population in Saudi Arabia in emergency contexts and may be applied in Saudis and other Arabic-speaking populations in research and busy primary care settings.
Android Malware Detection Based on Sensitive Patterns
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Hailing , Chen Xue , Liao Dan , Zhang Ming
Published: April 2022

In recent years, the rapid increase in the number and type of Android malware has brought great challenges and pressure to malware detection systems. As a widely used method in android malware detection, static detecting has been a hot topic in academia and industry. However, in order to improve the accuracy of detection, the existing static detecting methods sacrifice the excessively high analysis complexity and time cost. Moreover, the correlation between static features leads to redundancy of a large amount of data. Therefore, this paper proposes a static detecting method of Android malware based on sensitive pattern. It uses an improved FP-growth algorithm to mine frequent combinations of sensitive permissions and API calls in malicious apps and benign apps, which avoids the generation of redundant information. In addition, this paper adopts multi-layered gradient boosting decision trees algorithm to train the detection model. And a dual similarity combination method is proposed to measure the similarity between different sensitive patterns. The experimental results show that our proposed detection method has high accuracy and great generalization ability.
Identification of the pyroptosis-related prognostic gene signature and characterization of tumor microenvironment infiltration in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Liu Ji , Ma Jianli , Zhang Qingyuan
Published: April 2022

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer remains a highly deleterious disease due to the lack of specific targeted therapy and immunotherapy. A growing body of evidence supports pyroptosis' role in tumorigenesis and prognosis, but it still needs further exploration in our understanding of the tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer.Methods: Consensus clustering analysis was performed to construct pattern clusters. A correlation analysis was conducted between pattern clusters and TME using GSVA, ESTIMATE, and CIBERSORT. Then, risk score and nomogram for predicting overall survival were constructed and verified.Results: We found distinct clusters that differed significantly in terms of prognosis, biological process, clinical features, and tumor microenvironment. Risk scores could predict patient prognosis and response to immunotherapy. Comparatively to other models, the nomogram is extremely effective at predicting prognosis.Conclusions: In immune microenvironment landscapes, pyroptosis-mediated pattern clusters differed markedly. Risk score and nomogram were effective predictive models. These findings could aid in the development of customized treatment for triple-negative breast cancer patients.
Changes of posterior corneal astigmatism after cataract surgery
Authors: Liu Jiewei , Liu Wenjie , Yang Lichun
Published: April 2022

Background: To evaluate the changes of posterior corneal astigmatism after cataract surgery and to provide a theoretical basis for accurately evaluating total corneal astigmatism to be corrected before toric IOL implantation.Methods: 62 patients (89 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification combined with implantation of toric IOL（Acrysof IQ Toric SN6AT2-T9, Alcon Laboratories, Inc.）were collected in Shanxi Eye Hospital from January 2017 to September 2018.Surgically induced astigmatism of posterior corneal were calculated using vector analysis from the examination of PENTACAM.Results: The vector variances of keratometric astigmatism（KA），total corneal astigmatism （TA）and posterior corneal astigmatism（PA）preoperatively and postoperatively in the with-the-rule（WTR）astigmatism group and overall patients group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between surgically induced astigmatism of keratometric astigmatism（SIAKA）and surgically induced astigmatism of total corneal astigmatism（SIATA）for all patients and the ones with WTR astigmatism. For overall patients, SIAKA underestimated SIATA by 0.05 ± 0.21D, and for patients with WTR astigmatism, SIAKA underestimated SIATA by 0.09 ± 0.22D. While for patients in the against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism group, there were no statistically significant differences between SIAKA and SIATA, even though SIAKA overestimated SIATA by 0.03 ± 0.18D.When PA ≤ 0.4D or KA ≤ 2.0D, SIAPA can be ignored. Whereas when PA > 0.4D or KA > 2.0D, ignoring SIAPA caused by cataract surgery incision will cause SIAKA in patients with WTR astigmatism to underestimate SIATA, while SIAKA in patients with ATR astigmatism overestimate SIATA.Conclusions: Considering the influence of SIAPA, for patients with WTR astigmatism, the actual astigmatism to be corrected should be greater than the measured value, while for patients with ATR astigmatism, the actual astigmatism to be corrected should be less than the measured value.
Risk factors of brain abscess in neonatal meningitis: A propensity score– matched Study
Authors: Peng Nan , Fu Lizhen , Liang Xiaohua , Lu Qi
Published: April 2022

Purpose
brain abscess is a rare but life-threatening complication of meningitis. The purpose of this study was to identify clinical features and potentially relevant factors of brain abscess in neonates with meningitis.
Methods
This study was a propensity score–matched case-control study of neonates with brain abscess and meningitis in a tertiary pediatric hospital between January 2010 and December 2020. A total of 16 neonates with brain abscess were matched to 64 patients with meningitis. Demography, clinical characteristics, laboratory results, pathogens were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the independent risk factors associated with brain abscess.
Result
The most common pathogen we found in brain abscess group was Escherichia coli. Risk factors of brain abscess were identified: multidrug- resistant bacterial infection (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02–0.59; p = 0.01), C-reactive protein (CRP) > 50 mg/L (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.12–0.39; p = 0.003).
Conclusion
The risk factors of brain abscess are multidrug-resistant bacterial infection and CRP༞50mg/L. Monitoring of the level of CRP is essential. Bacteriological culture and rational use of antibiotics are necessary for the prevention of MDR bacterial infection as well as the occurrence of brain abscess.
The relation between clinically diagnosed and parent-reported feeding difficulties in children with and without clefts
Authors: Vries Iris A.C. , Guillaume Camille H.A.L. , Penris Wouter M. , Eijkemans Rene M.J.C. , Kon Moshe , Breugem Corstiaan C. , Dijk Marijn W.G. van
Published: April 2022

A cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is one of the most common craniofacial malformations, occurring worldwide in about one in 600–1000 newborn infants. CL/P is known to influence the feeding process negatively, causing feeding difficulties in 25-73% of all children with CL/P. Because there is a risk for serious complications in these children regarding feeding difficulties, there is often a need for intensive medical counseling and treatment. At this moment, adequate diagnosis and measurement remains a challenge and often leads to untimely referral to professional help. Since parents play a big part in reporting feeding difficulties it is important to help objectifying parents’ experiences, as well as the use of a frontline screening instrument for routine check-ups during medical appointments. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between parent perspective and standardized observation by medical professionals on feeding difficulties in 60 children with and without clefts at the age of 17 months. We focus on the information from parents and health professionals by comparing the Observation List Spoon Feeding and the Schedule for Oral Motor Assessment with the validated Dutch translation of the Montreal Children’s Hospital Feeding Scale. In conclusion: There is a need for timely and adequate diagnosis and referral when it comes to feeding difficulties in children with CL/P. This study underscores the importance of combining both parental observations and measurements of oral motor skills by healthcare professionals to enable this.
Cooperation of Striatin 3 and MAP4K4 promotes growth and tissue invasion
Authors: Migliavacca Jessica , Züllig Buket , Capdeville Charles , Grotzer Michael , Baumgartner Martin
Published: April 2022

MAP4K4 has been correlated with increased cell motility and reduced proliferation in mammalian cells. The regulation of this dichotomous functionality of MAP4K4 in tumor cells remained elusive. We find that MAP4K4 interacts with striatin 3 and 4 (STRN3/4) in medulloblastoma and that STRN3 and MAP4K4 exert opposing functions in Hippo tumor suppressor signaling and clonal growth. However, depletion of either STRN3 or MAP4K4 reduces migration and tissue invasion, and concomitant loss of both proteins abrogates tumor cell growth in the cerebellar tissue. Mechanistically, STRN3 couples MAP4K4 to the protein phosphatase 2A, which inactivates growth repressing activities of MAP4K4. In parallel, STRN3 enables growth factor-induced PKCθ activation and the direct phosphorylation of VASPS157 by MAP4K4, which both are necessary for efficient migration and tissue invasion. The VASPS157 directed activity of MAP4K4 and STRN3 requires the CNH domain of MAP4K4, which we also found to mediate its interaction with striatins. Thus, STRN3 is a master regulator of growth factor-activated MAP4K4 function and disruption of its cooperation with MAP4K4 reactivates Hippo signaling and represses tissue invasion in medulloblastoma.
Label-free proteomic comparative analysis of cow placental proteins enzymatic hydrolysis by different proteases
Authors: Shen Liu Hong , Zhang Yue , You Liu Chao , Zhu Ying Kun , Shen Yu , Lv Shang Kui , Zong Xiao Lang
Published: April 2022

New found in biochemical characteristics of placenta can bring new insight for further studies on the possible markers of physiological/pathological pregnancy or function of placenta. We compared the proteome of dairy cow placenta enzymatic hydrolysis by different proteases by label-free mass spectrometry approach. In total 541, 136 and 86 proteins were identified in trypsin group (TRY), pepsin group (PEP) and papain group (PAP). By comparing the proteome of PAP and TRY, 432 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified. PEP vs TRY identified 421 DEPs, while 136 DEPs were identified in PEP and PAP. The results showed the proteins identified by papain are mostly derived from extracellular matrix and collagen and enriched in relaxin signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications; pepsin digestion can identify more muscle-related proteins, which are enriched in lysosome, platelet activation, cardiac muscle contraction, bacterial invasion of epithelial cell and small cell lung cancer; trypsin mainly enzymatically degrades extracellular matrix, blood particles, and cell surface proteins which enriched in arginine and proline metabolism, olfactory transduction proteasome, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, pyruvate metabolism and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). In summary, these results provide insights into the selection of protease in dairy cow placenta proteomics.
Clinical characteristics of patients with dental malocclusion: an otolaryngologic perspective
Authors: Yoo Shin Hyuk , Choi Ji Hyeok , Chung Young-Jun , Mo Ji-Hun
Published: April 2022

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between allergic rhinitis (AR) and dental malocclusion from an otolaryngologic perspective.Methods: Patients (n=217) referred to the otolaryngology department before initiating orthodontic treatment were recruited. The frequency and severity of AR symptoms, sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22) scores, physical examination findings, acoustic rhinometry results, and treatment modalities were retrospectively assessed. Patients with positive skin prick test findings (SPT) (n=173; orthodontic group) were compared with age- and sex-matched patients being treated for AR (AR group).Results: We found that 76.5% of the enrolled patients had subjective nasal symptoms, and 93.1% patients showed abnormal physical examination findings such as inferior turbinate hypertrophy (82.0%), adenotonsillar hypertrophy (31.8%) or deviated nasal septum (7.4%). The 173 (79.7%) patients with positive SPT results exhibited a significantly higher incidence of rhinorrhoea, sneezing, and inferior turbinate hypertrophy compared to those with negative SPT results. The proportion of patients who underwent pharmacological or surgical treatments was significantly higher among patients with nasal obstruction (92.0%) than among patients without nasal obstruction (36.9%). The frequency and mean visual analogue symptom scores for nasal obstruction, rhinorrhoea, and sneezing, as well as all SNOT-22 domain scores were significantly higher in the AR group than in the orthodontic group. The minimal cross-sectional area measured with acoustic rhinometry showed no significant difference between groups.Conclusion: Patients with dental malocclusion had a high SPT (+) rate and a high prevalence of structural abnormalities of the upper airway. Early intervention may prevent further progression of malocclusion.
Analysis of early risk factors for the lethal outcome of abdominal sepsis as indications for the start of invasive monitoring of central hemodynamics: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Kozlov Igor A. , Ovezov A. M. , Rautbart S. A. , Tyurin I. N. , Aleksandrovskiy A. A. , Skripkin Yu. V.
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVES. To analyze the predictive significance of clinical and laboratory parameters in relation to the risk of mortality, the assessment of which is available in the first 24 hours of the stay of patients with sepsis in the intensive care unit (ICU), and to assess the feasibility of starting invasive monitoring of central hemodynamics in patients with predictors of poor outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We analyzed the results of examination of 134 patients aged 58.5 (43–71) years with abdominal sepsis. APACHE II score was 13 (11–17) points, SOFA score was 6 (4–8) points; l lethality in ICU — 47 %. Central hemodynamics was studied using transpulmonary thermodilution. Descriptive statistics (data are presented as median, 25 and 75 % quartiles), logistic regression and ROC analysis were used. RESULTS. Independent predictors of death were SOFA score > 8 (OR 1.5712; 95% CI 1.1934–2.0686; p = 0.0001; AUC 0.813; sensitivity 74 %, specificity 81 %) and lactateemia > 1.8 mmol/l (OR 3.5293; 95% CI 1.7421–7.1500; p = 0.0001; AUC 0.799; sensitivity 63 %, specificity 79 %). A combination of established risk factors predicted cardiac index < 2.5 l/min/m2 (OR 37.0; 95% CI 3.9167–349.5290; p = 0.002) and cardiac function index < 5.8 min-1 (OR 11.8182; 95% CI 2.8189–49.5303; p = 0.0007). CONCLUSIONS. Among the clinical and laboratory parameters, the assessment of which is available in the first 24 hours of the stay of patients with sepsis in the ICU, significant predictors of lethal outcome are SOFA score > 8 points and lactateemia > 1.8 mmol/l. Most patients with a combination of these risk factors are characterized by the presence of signs of myocardial dysfunction, and for 50 % — a decrease in CI to a level of < 2.5 l/min/m2, which indicates the advisability of invasive monitoring of central hemodynamics, in particular with transpulmonary thermodilution.
A modern approach to the management of patients with post-COVID syndrome
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2022

.
The Importance of Plants in Ancient Cultures Against the Background of New Research Concerning Intelligence of Plants
Authors: Tańczuk Agnieszka
Published: April 2022

Juicy fruit, healthy vegetables, herbs for all the ailments, delightful flowers, a shelter under the spreading branches of an old tree - can plants be something more for man, and can they be even equal to him? Where is their place in the world, which is dominated by man and his helpers - animals? This article leads the reader through the thoughts and beliefs of ancient peoples, showing their respect for everything that lives until the modern times, when scientists try to relate the definition of intelligence and consciousness to plants. Myths from various parts of the globe, illustrate how important a role plants had in the past, that they were much more than food, medicine, or refuge. Since the beginning of time, without new technologies, people felt the power of nature and respected the otherness of creatures, wandering with them, step by step, with fear and awe. Plants, though “immobilised”, could create, and decided on the world’s fate, and were messengers between men and other organisms, an essential link, unique and holy. Today, when one can analyse plants’ functions and behaviour, observe how they communicate with the world, using all of the senses not located in specific organs, but spread all over the organism, man starts to notice what his ancestors saw a long time ago: that plants remember, decide, learn and give humans a wide range of opportunities. Having far more senses than man, showing humans a different kind of consciousness and intelligence, not centralised, to which one is used to, but dispersed, though not less efficient, plants are becoming very interesting subjects of scientific research.
Evaluation of Antileukemic and Antimalarial Potential of Zanthoxylum
rhetsa DC (Rutaceae), A Well-known Spice
Authors: Mallya Rashmi , Bhitre Milind
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Zanthoxylum rhetsa fruits, a common spice in many cuisines, have proven to
have a good therapeutic potential and are routinely used in food, medicine, and commerce. The present
study was conducted to screen the in vitro antileukemic and antimalarial activities of the methanolic
extract of Z. rhetsa fruits and conduct mechanistic studies for antileukemic activity.

Methods:

Methanol extract was prepared by maceration process and standardised with lupeol as a
marker using HPLC. MTT and SRB assays were used to establish the cytotoxicity of the extract
against L929 and leukemic cell lines (Jurkat, K562, and HL-60). The amount of ROS in cell lines was
detected by flow cytometry using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate. Apoptosis on HL-60 was
detected by Annexin-V/PI dual staining assay through cell cycle analysis and gel electrophoresis. In
vitro antimalarial activity was conducted on Plasmodium falciparum CQ sensitive 3D7 strains according
to the WHO 2001 guidelines.

Results:

The methanol extract contained 1.03% of lupeol. Potent antileukemic activity (IC50 <10
μg/mL) was observed against HL-60 in comparison to K562 and Jurkat cell lines. The extract induced
apoptosis in cancer cells in the proliferative and mitotic phase without DNA fragmentation. Therefore,
the antileukemic activity exhibited by the extract could be attributed to the increased oxidative stress
generated in cancer cells. Fruits also exhibited good antioxidant activity against normal cells, thus
proving beneficial as cytoprotective agents. Promising antimalarial activity (IC50 = 16.21 μg/mL) with
high selectivity against malarial parasites was exhibited by the fruits.

Conclusion:

Thus, the fruits of Z.rhetsa can be used as an adjuvant therapy to reduce the side effects
and resistance associated with chemotherapy and can be a potential candidate for drug discovery research
in the areas of cancer and parasitic infection.
Identification of Six Novel Prognostic Gene Signatures as Potential
Biomarkers in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Cailian , Feng Shicheng , Zhang Xiuxiu , Gu Xuyu , Zhou Min , Chen Yan
Published: April 2022

Objective:

As a subgroup of lung cancer, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by a short tumor doubling time, high rates of early occurred distant cancer spread, and poor outcomes. Our study aimed to identify novel molecular markers associated with SCLC prognosis.

Methods:

Microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database of SCLC tumors and paired normal tissues were obtained. In the dataset, Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which were identified by comparing gene expression between normal lung and SCLC samples were screened using the R language. The STRING database was used to map protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and these were visualized with the Cytoscape software. Go enrichment analysis and prediction were performed using the Metascape database and the results were visualized. Autophagy-related prognostic genes were identified by univariate COX regression analysis. Subsequently, stepwise model selection using the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and multivariate COX regression model was performed to construct DEGs signature. Survival receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the performance of survival prediction. At last, we evaluated the differences in drug sensitivity of the two groups of patients to common chemotherapeutic drugs and small-molecule targeted drugs.

Results:

A total of 441 identified DE genes, including 412 downregulated and 29 upregulated genes were identified. GO enrichment analyses showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in the collagen-containing extracellular matrix and extracellular matrix organization. 16 genes were individually associated with OS in univariate analyses. The high expression of 6 genes (HIST1H4L、RP11-16O9.2、SNORA71A、SELV、FAM66A and BRWD1-AS1)) was associated with the poor prognosis of SCLC patients. To predict patients’ outcomes, we developed an individual’s risk score model based on the 6 genes. We founed that SCLC patients with a low-risk score had significantly better survival than those with a high-risk score. What’s more, association analysis between clinicopathological factors and gene signature showed the risk score was higher in patients with, higher clinical stage or T stage. What’s more, the patients with the high-risk score group had better treatment effect for etoposide and docetaxel. This suggests that our model can guide clinical treatment decisions.

Conclusion:

A novel six-gene signature was determined for prognostic prediction in SCLC. Our findings may provide new insights into the precise treatment and prognosis prediction of SCLC.
Phytofabricated Nanoparticle Formulation for Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive
Review
Authors: Verma Mahima , Fatima Shireen , Ansari Irfan Ahmad
Published: April 2022

In recent times, nanotechnology has made significant advances in the field of cancer. The majority of
chemotherapeutic drugs do not selectively target cancer cells, and they might cause side effects and damage to
healthy cells, resulting in a variety of adverse effects. Having a thorough understanding of nanoparticles may improve
drug targeting and administration. The nano-engineering of pharmacological and natural compounds can improve
the diagnosis and treatment. Polymeric micelles, liposomes, and dendrimers are examples of innovative cancer
therapeutic nano-formulations. It has been demonstrated that quantum dots, nano-suspensions, and gold nanoparticles
can improve drug delivery. Nanomedicines may be delivered more effectively, focusing on cancerous cells instead
of healthy tissues, which minimizes undesirable side effects and drug resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. However,
limited water solubility, low stability, poor absorption, and quick metabolism limit their therapeutic effectiveness.
Nanotechnology has generated unique formulations to optimise the potential use of phytochemicals in anticancer
therapy. Nanocomposites can improve phytochemical solubility and bioavailability, extend their half-life in circulation,
and even transport phytochemicals to specific locations. The progress in using phytochemical-based nanoparticles
in cancer treatment is summarized in this paper.
Interactions Between Meropenem and Renal Drug Transporters
Authors: Dong Jing , Liu Yanhui , Li Longxuan , Ding Yunhe , Qian Jun , Jiao Zheng
Published: April 2022

Background:

Meropenem is a carbapenem antibiotic and is commonly used with other antibiotics for the
treatment of bacterial infections. It is primarily eliminated renally by glomerular filtration and renal tubular secretion.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the roles of renal uptake and efflux transporters in the excretion of meropenem
and potential drug interactions mediated by renal drug transporters.

Method:

Uptake and inhibition studies were conducted in human embryonic kidney 293 cells stably transfected
with organic anion transporter (OAT) 1, OAT3, multidrug and toxin extrusion protein (MATE) 1, and MATE2K, as
well as membrane vesicles containing breast cancer resistance-related protein (BCRP), multidrug resistance protein 1
(MDR1), and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2). Probenecid and piperacillin were used to assess
potential drug interactions with meropenem in rats.

Results:

We observed that meropenem was a low-affinity substrate of OAT1/3 and had a weak inhibitory effect on
OAT1/3 and MATE2K. BCRP, MDR1, MRP2, MATE1, and MATE2K could not mediate renal excretion of meropenem.
Moreover, meropenem was not an inhibitor of BCRP, MDR1, MRP2, or MATE1. Among five tested antibiotics,
moderate inhibition on OAT3-mediated meropenem uptake was observed for linezolid (IC50 value was 69.2
μM), weak inhibition was observed for piperacillin, benzylpenicillin, and tazobactam (IC50 values were 282.2, 308.0
and 668.1 μM, respectively), and no inhibition was observed for sulbactam. Although piperacillin had a relatively
high drug-drug interaction index (ratio of maximal unbound plasma concentration to IC50 was 1.42) in vitro, no
meaningful impact was reported on the pharmacokinetics of meropenem in rats.

Conclusion:

Our results indicated that clinically significant interactions between meropenem and these five antibiotics
are low.
β-lapachone: A Promising Anticancer Agent with a Unique NQO1 Specific
Apoptosis in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Qadir Muhammad Imran , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Khan Rimsha
Published: April 2022

Cancer, one of the major health problems all over the world, requires more competent
drugs for clinical use. One recent possible chemotherapeutic drug under research is β-lapachone. β-
lapachone (1,2-naphthoquinone) has promising activity against those tumors showing raised levels of
Nicotinamide di-phosphate Quinone Oxidoreductases-1 (NQO1). NQO1 is found to be up-regulated
in pancreatic tumor cells, and thus β-lapachone could generate cytotoxicity in various cancers like
pancreatic tumors. β-lapachone harborage independent growth and clonogenic cell survival in agar.
The cell-killing effects of β-lapachone can be stopped by using dicumarol, an inhibitor of NAD(P)H
Quinone Oxidoreductases-1. In previously established pancreatic cancer xenografts in mice, β-
lapachone inhibited the tumor growth when given orally rather than when combined with cyclodextrin
to improve its bioavailability.
An Insight on the Potential of Manganese Porphyrins in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Chaurasia Pankaj Kumar , Bharati Shashi Lata , Singh Sunita , Yadava Sudha
Published: April 2022

Porphyrin ligands are recognized for their exclusive tendency to form metal porphyrin complexes of pronounced value. Such metal porphyrin complexes display their inimitable roles as catalysts in various fields viz. conversion reactions, oxidation reactions, organic synthesis, pharmaceutical areas, biological and environmental fields, and many more. Out of different metal porphyrins; manganese porphyrins are one of the appreciated metal porphyrins due to their prodigious catalytic performance and potential in cancer treatment. In this perspective, the proficient participation of manganese porphyrins in the treatment of cancer along with operative discussions on molecular pathways have been briefly but effectively assessed based on the recent scientific literatures available.
Association between ABO Blood Groups and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus:
A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cano Earl Adriane , Esguerra Marion Agatha , Batausa Ariane Michaela , Baluyut Jessica Rose , Cadiz Ria , Docto Hewmy Franci , Encabo Jose Ramir , Gomez Reena Mae , Sadang Maria Gina
Published: April 2022

Background:

The role of the ABO blood group goes beyond immunohematology as
there is accumulating evidence on its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, findings
regarding the relation have been contradictory and there is a need to determine the validity of
claims.

Objective:

Evaluate the susceptibility of the ABO blood groups to type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Method:

The research design is a meta-analysis. An extensive search was done in PubMed, ScienceDirect,
ResearchGate, and Google Scholar. Heterogeneity was determined through Cochran’s
Q test and I2 index. Random-effects model was used to measure the risk ratio and confidence intervals.
Evaluation of publication bias was done using the funnel plot method; further supported by
Egger’s linear regression test and Begg’s test.

Results:

The relative susceptibility of ABO blood groups to type 2 diabetes mellitus differs for
blood type A (Relative risk [RR] = 1.05, 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.18), blood type B (RR = 1.03, 95% CI,
0.91 to 1.18), blood type AB (RR = 1.25, 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.99), and blood type O (RR = 1.11,
95% CI, 0.82 to 1.48). The highest risk of acquiring the disease was seen in type AB individuals,
while the lowest risk was seen in type B individuals.

Conclusion:

A significant association was found between ABO blood groups and type 2 diabetes
mellitus. ABO phenotype can therefore be considered a possible risk factor or potential genetic determinant
of the disease, which can be used to improve diagnosis and treatment.