bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis effectiveness of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ghifari Yudis , Amanda Diva Aulia , Hadiapurwa Angga
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced all countries to implement distance learning and distance restrictions to break the chain of transmission. This article researches the effectiveness of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic and its impact on student's ability to participate in learning. The research was conducted using a survey method with a quantitative approach. The subjects of this study were active students of the Education Technology study program at the Indonesian Education University class of 2018-2020. The survey data was analyzed by measuring the variables determined using numbers and then analyzed with the applicable statistical procedures. The results showed that online learning was considered less effective because the learning materials were not delivered properly to students. This causes students not to understand the task at hand. Another point that shows the ineffectiveness of online learning is that many issues occur during online learning sessions, for example, internet connection issues, limited interaction, lack of literacy skills, and lack of motivation and productivity of students in its implementation. The level of effectiveness of online learning still can increase if the issues that occur are minimized. Student learning motivation needs to be improved so that the effectiveness of online learning can also increase.
The impact of Zoom as a learning application on student learning concentration in the COVID-19 era
Authors: El Yusuf Fuad Azhar Makarim , Susanti Tasya
Published: September 2023

The presence of COVID-19 has hampered the activities carried out by the community, one of which is in the field of education. With the entry of the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, education must follow technological developments and take advantage of technological sophistication to facilitate the learning process. Today there are many technological innovations in the world of education, for example, in the form of applications or learning platforms that can support the learning process between educators and students. This study aims to determine the effect of the ZOOM learning application in the COVID-19 era on students' learning concentration. The study used descriptive quantitative methods with survey activities as data collection, involving students from junior high school, senior high school, vocational school, and university level as respondents. The results showed differences in students' level of concentration during distance learning and face-to-face learning. After participating in distance learning assisted by the ZOOM video conferencing application, the concentration of students decreased to focus on learning. So it can be concluded that the ZOOM application influences the concentration of student learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is hoped that increasingly advanced technological developments can help students concentrate on learning.
Educational technology innovation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Denadi Alfath Rizq , Sopyan Wafa Nabilah
Published: September 2023

Innovations in education are continuously being made to continue learning when COVID-19 pandemic. One of solution for dealing with negative impact of pandemic in the domain of education is to innovate accompanied by technology or to innovate in the elements of learning to achieve educational and the learning goals. The purpose for this research is proposed as an overview of educational innovations in Indonesia during COVID-19 pandemic. This research use a descriptive research method and descriptive content analysis study. Research analysis is carried out on international articles, national articles, and other sources regarding learning solutions for the pandemic by making innovations in the field of educational technology. The use of technology in learning cannot be separated in distance learning for COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, to solve the problem of education for this pandemic, innovations are made not only in the technology used in learning, but there needs to be innovation in the elements of learning to achieve educational goals during this pandemic.
Learning models innovation in industrial revolution 4.0 era
Authors: Suwandi Metsa Fajrianti Kusumah , Alfat Muhammad
Published: September 2023

The era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has created a shift in every dimension of life, one of which is the education dimension. In anticipating the rapid transformation that is taking place, education must always develop its competence and academic innovation. This study aims to analyze the education that occurs, the learning models used, as well as the innovative curriculum set in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. The method used in this research is the literature study method. The data generated using this method were re-analyzed through the stages of reading and recording data as research material to processing the research materials. The study results show that the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era resulted in changes in human life patterns due to the influence of technological devices. This change underlies the design and establishment of a new innovative curriculum that is in accordance with the 4.0 revolution era. The 2013 curriculum as a complement to the previous curriculum is here to make education accustomed to the use of technological devices. Education as a place to educate the nation's successors needs to keep up with all the changes that occur so that learning can be obtained by students who are not left behind from the latest information.
Merdeka Curriculum implementation at Wonoayu 1 Junior High School as Sekolah Penggerak
Authors: Cantika Varary Mechwafanitiara , Khaerunnisa Lathifah , Yustikarini Rika
Published: September 2023

The concept of Ki Hadjar Dewantara's education was adopted in Indonesia's current curriculum, known as Kurikulum Merdeka. The Kurikulum Merdeka Curriculum is implemented with the support of all stakeholders and policymakers, following the school's readiness. Wonoayu 1 Junior High School is one of the schools that has become “Sekolah Penggerak” and because of its readiness, the school implements Kurikulum Merdeka. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Merdeka curriculum at Wonoayu 1 Junior High School, Sidoarjo Regency, as “Sekolah Penggerak”. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using interviews and observation. The results showed that implementing Kurikulum Merdeka at Wonoayu 1 Junior High School followed the standards and curriculum guidelines for implementing Kurikulum Merdeka for “Sekolah Penggerak”. These aspects are viewed from three main aspects: the learning planning aspect, the learning implementation aspect, and the learning assessment aspect. Some obstacles require more attention and further handling in implementing Kurikulum Merdeka at Wonoayu 1 Junior High School.
The challenges of large-scale curriculum development: A case study of Guyana and St. Kitts and Nevis
Authors: MacKinnon Gregory Rodney , Owen Susan Sarah , MacLean Tyler , Sookraj Rajkumar
Published: September 2023

Guyana and St. Kitts and Nevis have recently and independently undertaken large-scale enhancement of their public-school curriculum. An educational leadership consultancy has led the process using an implementation model based on feedback from country communities regarding graduation outcomes and the ensuing preparation of a Curriculum and Assessment Framework. Curriculum outcomes were based on international best practices and captured in a curriculum template premised on backward design. Using a mixed methods approach, independent researchers analyzed factors that necessarily impact the process of curriculum development. Quantitative and qualitative research feedback established challenges in the process of curriculum development. Categories of feedback arose from surveys, interviews, and focus groups. These included challenges in preparation for writing, perceived impact on the school system, and working conditions during the process of writing. Similarities and differences in the country contexts are examined and suggestions for an improved approach are recommended.
ANÁLISE DE UM PROGRAMA DE FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE EDUCADORES DE EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL
Authors: De Oliveira Vanini Jacyara , De Oliveira Slesaczek Tatiani , Chesani Fabiola Hermes , Silva Fontanelle Rafael , Pilot Franciozi Daniela
Published: September 2023

A inclusão de crianças com deficiência no contexto das escolas regulares ainda tem muito a avançar, principalmente no que se diz respeito à formação dos educadores inclusivos. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar um programa de formação continuada para educadores da educação inclusiva. O método se define como qualitativo e exploratório, inspirado no referencial teórico do Círculo de Cultura de Paulo Freire. A pesquisa aconteceu numa cidade da região do Vale do Itajaí, Santa Catarina, e os participantes foram os professores inclusivos e os agentes de apoio de educação especial da rede municipal de ensino. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram questionários, oficinas e diário de campo. A análise dos dados foi através da análise de conteúdo propostas por Bardin. Os resultados surgiram a partir da coleta de 80 questionários e de 5 oficinas. Os temas que emergiram dos questionários para serem desvelados nas oficinas foram: legislação da educação inclusiva, ergonomia para as atividades educativas e autismo. Após o tratamento dos dados das gravações das oficinas e dos diários de campos foram identificados na fala das educadoras as categorias a linha tênue entre educação e saúde em tempos de inclusão, barreiras arquitetônicas como entraves na inclusão de alunos e autismo: tempo de escuta e aprendizagem. Conclui-se que existe uma necessidade de formação continuada com os educadores inclusivos e que os temas destas formações sejam a partir de sua realidade vivida.
O direito transindividual à saúde e as falsas aporias da liberdade individual
Authors: Streck Lenio Luiz
Published: September 2023

This text aims to answer the question: is the mandatory vaccination imposed by the State in conflict with individual freedom? Given the recent scenario of health chaos resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the public, transindividual dimension of health was questioned by discourses based on the idea that people would have the right not to be vaccinated. Although the Brazilian legislation and the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court have settled the issue in favor of the mandatory vaccine, we seek to present the problem from an epistemological or hermeneutic perspective. In this sense, it is shown that, unless the legal community reviews its discourse about constitutional principles and fundamental rights, in other words, its understanding and methodology of application, such dichotomies that arise in the public debate and in the courts will persist as obstacles to the full realization of the democratic State of law and, particularly, the right to health.
Received: 26/07/23 | Accepted: 04/09/23
O Estado Regulador no direito à saúde: aspectos constitucionais da regulação
Authors: Branco Paulo Gustavo Gonet , Branco Pedro Henrique de Moura Gonet
Published: September 2023

Objective: to analyze general elements of regulation and the role of the Brazilian Regulatory State, focusing on the safeguarding of fundamental rights, especially the right to health. Methodology: the research was based on the deductive method of René Descartes using, as premises, the general principles of law, the legal system around health law and the role of the Regulatory State and the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court on health surveillance. Results: effective health protection, which involves ensuring that citizens will have access to safe and effective health products and services, demands a solid regulatory framework duly recognized by the country’s democratic institutions. The regulatory agent must interfere in economic activities that deviate from what is considered contrary to the public interest and, above all, with regard to the fundamental right to health. Conclusion: the independent and well-founded action of regulatory agencies is essential to ensure the safety and well-being of citizens in health matters.
Received: 01/08/23 | Accepted: 16/08/23
Building Communicative and Social Skills in an Adolescent with ASD Using Electronic Technologies (Gadgets)
Authors: Burtseva A.R. , Andreev S.S.
Published: September 2023

The use of mobile technologies in the field of behavioral intervention in children and adolescents with ASD is becoming an increasingly common strategy. Smartphones, tablets, laptops, etc. allow specialists to create a highly motivating environment, as well as to provide the most accessible and comfortable format for giving information, which has a beneficial effect on the quality of behavioral interventions. In September 2021 on the basis of the Dobry resource center, which provides comprehensive support for families raising children with ASD, the CyberNETiki project was implemented, aimed at teaching adolescents with ASD to communicate in an Internet chat. This article details the project’s methodology and primary results using student N data as an example. It also demonstrates an example of a short preliminary parental questionnaire designed to measure the level of gadget proficiency among adolescents with ASD. Our results show that the use of computer-mediated communication methods can be highly motivational and effective for developing literacy, speech and communication skills. It was revealed that teaching communication in a group format (online chat) can further contribute to improving adolescents’ communication skills due to peer imitation.
Overview of the PECS IV+ Alternative Communications System Digital App
Authors: Popova O.A.
Published: September 2023

PECS (Picture Exchange Communication System) was created and used to work with children and adults who have ASD and other social and communicative needs, or those who have lost speech due to various injuries or medical conditions. The stages of PECS training are briefly described. The description of the digital communicative voice-speaking device PECS IV+, intended for users with severe speech disorders, is presented. The conditions for the transition from the traditional version of PECS to digital are discussed (for example, undeveloped speech, the student’s vocabulary is more than 50 words in the form of images). The principles for choosing the digital device and the algorithm for the protocol for teaching a PECS user to switch to an electronic voice-speaking device are listed. The article uses materials from several scientific studies that describe the design of the application and its practical use. Through sequential learning using the PECS protocol, the stu­dent’s vocabulary can be significantly increased, and there is a need to move from the traditional paper version to electronic devices, which are more convenient to store an ever-increasing number of words. The PECS IV+ electronic communicative voice-speaking device allows the user to improve such communication parameters as speed, length of statements, complexity of phrase structures, the ability to sound out words using an electronic voice carrier. Recommendations are given for adults to use the PECS IV+ device, the most important of which is to create communication opportunities as often as possible.
On the Preschool Education of Children with Autism. The Current State of the Issue
Authors: Morozov S.A.
Published: September 2023

The main symptoms of autism takes long time to develop. Preschool education of children with autism spectrum dis­orders (ASD) is not only of psycho-educational and developmental importance, but also serves as the most important preventive factor. The proposed thematic issue «Preschool Education of Children with ASD: the Implementation of Adapted Educational Programs and the Application of Evidence-Based Practices» presents six articles on the actual is­sues of preschool education for children with autism spectrum disorders in Russia. Two articles deal with general issues (research and diagnosis of ASD), the authors of four other articles introduce the methods of teaching and support of preschool children. The possible prospects for further research and importance of the topics of publications are shown.
Research on the Attitudes of Parents of Children with Autism to Preschool Education
Authors: Morozova S.S. , Tarasova N.V. , Chigrina S.G.
Published: September 2023

Objectives. The preschool age has its crucial importance in the upbringing and education of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The plasticity of psychological organization at this age makes the psycho-educational work the most effective. The aim of presented work is the analysis of characteristics of parents’ attitude of children with autism to preschool education with the follow-up identification of factors that influence this attitude of parents to preschool education and determination of the trajectories for optimizing this attitude in order to increase the ef­fectiveness of accompanying children with ASD in the preschool period.

Methods. A survey of 629 parents or legal representatives of individuals with autism from 43 regions of Russia and the Republic of Belarus was conducted. The age of the respondents’ children varies from 3 to 38 years.

Results. Reported that 86.6% of the children attended preschool educational organizations; 12.3% — did not at­tended; 0.6% preferred not to answer this type of questions. In the period from the second half of the 1980s to 2022, the percentage of children attending preschools increased from 7.8% to 97.0%. However, regardless of age, at least a quarter of families (24—28%) asked for help in other institutions or appealed to the private specialists, which directly indicates dissatisfaction with the support provided by the preschool educational system. Respondents whose children attended preschools mark the general preschool education effects at 3.2+0.1 on a five-point scale. In comparison, all families who assessed preschool have a significantly lower result (P<0.01) — 2.8+0.1. The respondents noted the insufficient level of qualifications of the staff of the preschool educational institution and problems of organizational and methodological support.

Conclusions. Despite the subjective character of the survey, the assessments and comments of parents reflect the real problems of preschool education of children with ASD. In order to develop cooperation between representatives of the preschool system and families raising children with autism, two equivalent areas of work are proposed: raising awareness of parents about autism and the basic supports of children with autism and improving the skills of special­ists working with such children.
An Individual Approach to the Group Social Behavior Skills Training in Preschoolers with ASD and Severe Multiple Developmental Disorders
Authors: Lukashova A.V.
Published: September 2023

Objectives. The significant heterogeneity of mental disorders in children with severe multiple developmental dis­orders (SMDD) makes the development of the unified methods of psycho-educational support comprehensive issue. The goal of the article is to report the results of group social adaptation training in children of primary preschool age with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and SMDD. Training was aimed at the development of social behavior skills with individualization of approach and differentiation of tasks for each child.

Methods. Article presents the procedure of the development of the social behavior in children from 3 to 8 years old in groups of short-term stay at the Center for Curative Pedagogics of the Pskov Region. Group work is based on the principles of a child-centered approach and the use of Special Individual Development Programs (SIDP). Methods of observation, differentiation of tasks were used to identify the individual characteristics of the child. The subject-activity approach as a special method of the development of social behavior skills was also used.

Results. The individualization of the general tasks of the SIDP which showed by the cases allows to set up specific goals for each of the participants. As a result of the individualization of tasks, a pronounced positive rehabilitation and developmental effect was observed. The reported result became possible by the step-by-step development of social behavior skills in all types of interaction between the teacher and the child.

Conclusions. This work demonstrates the comprehensive character of providing an individual educational track for each child. Such characteristics as the interests of participants, their opportunities and abilities and developmental aspects, manifested in a group session are declared as the important for the SIPD individualization. The importance of setting of a small, achievable goals to increase individual dynamics in the development of social skills is emphasized
Brain. Thought. Word
Authors: Ivich I.
Published: September 2023

The real test of long-term value for any scientific theory is when that theory encounters phenomena that did not exist at the time it was created. Such a test situation for cultural-historical psychology is happening today, in the era of the digital revolution. This article attempts to show the results of this test with a very important caveat: both the digital revolution itself and the studies of its consequences are currently in the process of rapid development, and a general overview can only be preliminary.
L.S. Vygotsky's Idea of Mediation: Semiotic and Educational Projections
Authors: Troitsky Yu.L. , Maksimova N.V. , Albul L.G.
Published: September 2023

The work is aimed at discussing and clarifying the understanding of L.S. Vygotsky's idea of mediation in relation to educational processes and the semiotic perspective of their research. The provisions interpreting the concept of "sign" as a mediating mechanism of cultural and historical development of a person, the growing up of a child, the development of his mental processes, language thinking are presented. The history of the formation of semiotic concepts, their isomorphism to the ideas of L.S. Vygotsky is considered: the development of a sign, including verbal, allows you to move from natural actions into a conditional, virtual space, with a wide repertoire of not only mimesis, but also symbolic actions. The idea of the mediating mechanism of speech reflection as the basis of functional literacy is being developed. Speech reflection and diary activity are considered as the realization of the idea of mediation in language teaching. The semiotic interpretation of L.S. Vygotsky's mediation theory is presented, educational projections of its implementation in teaching the native language are shown. From the point of view of epistemological searches, a comparison of the ideas of Vygotsky and Levi-Strauss is undertaken. L.S. Understanding model Vygotsky, which underlies modern ideas about meaning and speech affirmation, is indicated by the metaphor of translation: it is the translation of alienated external meanings into the mental language of internal speech and the transformation of meaning into meaning, and then - the "internalization" of meaning, that is, the translation of the meanings that have arisen into external speech and the formation of a new, enriched meaning. It is shown that L.S. Vygotsky's semiotic merit also consists in the fact that the scientist understood the linguistic sign as an intermediary sign and brought it into the space of culture, thereby opening the cultural and historical horizon of interpretation of semiotic phenomena.
Talented Children who Develop Digital Artifacts and Derive Strength from them: an Example from the Brazilian Metropolis Talent Project
Authors: Hazin I. , Reis J. , Felinto P-M.B. , Souza A.M.
Published: September 2023

The present paper presents the Brazilian experience of the Metropolis Talent Program (PTM), which aims to develop the cultural talent of young people with high skills in the field of information technology and its interfaces, through scientific research, the expansion of creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship. This project also aimed to create opportunities for the dissemination of new knowledge in both developmental psychology and education, as well as to explore professional career possibilities related to the field of gifted individuals, by offering a context that facilitates development through creative insertion in the world of work and social solidarity participation. The program's actions have been contributing to ensuring the existence of mechanisms that allow the full attendance of the special educational needs of these young people, as intended by the Brazilian Low number 9,394, December 20, 1996.
The Genesis of the 'Animation Complex' Concept in the Historical-Cultural Psychology
Authors: de Paula P.A. , Hazin I. , Soto H. , Coelho C.P. , Solovieva Y. , Andrade C.N.
Published: September 2023

The animation complex is a child development milestone widely used in historical-cultural psychology. However, the emergence of the animation complex concept predates the emergence of cultural-historical psychology. This paper is a narrative review whose main objective is to recover the genesis of the concept of the animation complex and the process of linking and appropriation of this by historical-cultural psychology. Bibliographical research was carried out on the publications from 1960 to 2021, from which a difference between its uses in reflexology and historical-cultural psychology was deduced. Starting from the centrality of this construct for development research, we sought to reconstitute the genealogy of this concept from the rescue of these different conceptions of complex animation.
Play Support Strategies of Preschool Teachers with Different Perspectives on Play and Its Role in Child’s Development
Authors: Iakshina A.N. , Le-van T.N.
Published: September 2023

The recognition of play importance does not always lead to the creation of good conditions for its development. An attempt to turn play into classes, to use it for teaching, leads to the disappearance of spontaneous play from kindergartens. There is a gap between the declared pedagogical aim and real practice. This may be due to understanding the key features of play and its role in child’s development. The purpose of the study is to study what criteria teachers use to distinguish between play and a pseudo-play, how the understanding of play is related to the strategy of its support. Structured interviews, including commentary on 2 videos, were conducted with 34 preschool teachers. The assessment of the conditions for play development was carried out using the scale "Play Environmental Rating Scale" in 28 preschool classrooms (13 kindergartens). The average total score is 3,35 (sd=1,31; med=3,43), which corresponds to the minimal quality level of conditions for play. Key deficits are the participation of the teacher in joint play with children, the provision of conditions for multi-age interaction. Significant differences are revealed in the strategy of play support among teachers with a contrasting understanding of the pseudo-play video. Teachers who distinguish between play and pseudo-play and emphasize the developmental value of spontaneous children's play create a multifunctional play environment and more often participate in joint play as partners. Teachers who do not distinguish between a play and a pseudo-play are more often too didactic or outsiders, they create a realistic play environment. The results of the study can be used in elaboration of programs for teacher’s professional development.
Psychological Features of the Bodily Experience of Maternity Women with Healthy and Sick Children
Authors: Vasina A.N.
Published: September 2023

From the standpoint of the cultural-historical approach in psychosomatics, physicality also changes in adulthood: in the situation of illness, aging, the birth of a child, etc., and factors that enrich bodily experience are highlighted. In the postpartum period, this factor may be the child's illness. The paper studies the bodily experience of maternity patients. It has been hypothesized that the bodily experience in the postpartum period changes compared to the usual one, and the bodily experience of maternity hospitals with sick children differs from that of maternity hospitals with healthy children. 136 women aged 19-30 took part in the work: women who do not have children, maternity hospitals with healthy children and maternity hospitals with sick children. The methods "Classification of sensations", "10 sensations", "Scale of sensations in the postpartum period", "Scale of vegetative perception", "Questionnaire for maternity hospitals", "Body attention questionnaire" were used. The features of the bodily experience of maternity hospitals with healthy children were revealed: the predominance of the number of physical descriptors over mental ones, etc., and with patients: increased concentration on the sensations from the child etc. The results reinforce the importance of the joint stay of the mother and the baby when placing him in the hospital.
To the question of Suicidal Behavior of Adolescents - Realities of an Emergency Hospital
Authors: Bykova V.I. , Poluhina Y.P. , Lvova E.A. , Fufaeva E.V. , Valiullina S.A.
Published: September 2023

The issue of suicidal behavior in adolescents is one of the most disturbing and complex. The present work is aimed to draw attention to the problem of suicidal behavior in adolescents in modern Russian reality. While analyzing cases of severe injuries due to suicidal behavior in adolescents who were admitted to the Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma (CRIEPST) in Moscow (Russia) , the authors stated their significant increase in recent years . In 2016-2023, 58 children after suicidal attempts were hospitalized to CRIEPST. All children were teenagers (11-17 years old). The authors not only noted an increased risk of suicide in 14-16 age group of teenagers, but they also noted gender features in this group. Two groups of suicide causation were defined as well: psychopathological processes and affective, impulsive reactions. After summarizing findings obtained in CRIEPST , the researchers have stated an increase in the number of psychopathological predispositions in children in the recent years. An increased number of cases with suicidal behavior in adolescents and predominance of psychopathological processes as risk factors should make adults be more attentive to tendencies in suicide causation and their prevention. The data presented in the article are preliminary and incomplete, as they do not cover cases that did not lead to severe somatic consequences.
Comparison of the Three Methods of Psychotherapy on Marital Satisfaction and Intimacy in Married Women
Authors: Ghahari S. , Sheybani F. , Hadi Ghazanfari Z. , Farokhnezhad Afshar P. , Jamil L.
Published: September 2023

Marital satisfaction and intimacy are influential factors in psychological well-being. Psychotherapy can be effective in promoting them. This study aimed to compare the effect of three methods of Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Imago Relationship Therapy on Marital Satisfaction and Intimacy in married women. This is a semi-experimental study in which three groups of women took part. Thirty-nine married women completed the study (Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy: 14, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT): 14, and Imago Relationship Therapy: 11). Data were collected using ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale and Intimacy Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 22 via one-way ANOVA and t-tests. The findings indicated the effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy (3.37±1.27 vs. 4.79±0.68), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (3.35±0.35 vs. 4.19±0.16), and Imago Relationship Therapy (3.52±0.15 vs. 4.17±0.16) on intimacy (p=0.001, Partial Eta Squared=0.30); and effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy (203.70±14.88 vs. 273.33±8.26), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (202.11±16.29 vs. 208.71±13.66), and Imago Relationship Therapy (200.08±7.51 vs. 438.01±17.82) on marital satisfaction (p=0.001, Partial Eta Squared=0.98). Emotion-Focused Couple Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and Imago Relationship Therapy had a large effect size on the intimacy and marital satisfaction of married women. Imago Relationship Therapy was clinically the most effective therapy.
Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review
Authors: Yakupova V.A. , Anikeeva M.A. , Suarez A.D.
Published: September 2023

Postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD) is quite common, with long-term adverse impact on mothers and their children. According to various studies, 3% to 45.5% of women perceive their childbirth experience as traumatic, and 3.1% to 43% further develop postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder. PP-PTSD is a relatively new field of study, therefore, there is a need in systematization of the data published on this topic so far. This is a review of studies on risk factors for PP-PTSD, including past traumatic experience, and its negative impact on mother’s mental health and child’s development. Since the society and specialists aim to reduce the prevalence of the disorder, our article also summarizes data on protective factors for PP-PTSD. For example, adequate interaction between laboring women and medical personnel, non-medical labour support, and psychological counseling after traumatic childbirth can significantly reduce the risk for developing PP-PTSD.
Features of Visual Information Processing in Patients with Schizophrenia in the Early Stages
Authors: Murav'eva S.V. , Shchemeleva O.V. , Lebedev V.S. , Vershinina E.A.
Published: September 2023

We performed the analysis of electrophysiological markers of visual information processing in schizophrenia. The relevance of this work is determined by the advantages of combining of the method of cognitive visual evoked potentials and the method of spatial-frequency filtering of images with different semantics in order to detect disorders. This method allows assessing of the functional state of the visual system in the early stages of cognitive impairment, based on the objective electrophysiological methods. We studied the nature of changes in the amplitudes of the components of evoked potentials in response to the presentation of a combination of stimuli with different spatial-frequency and semantic characteristics (objects of animate and inanimate nature) in patients with schizophrenia in the early stages. The obtained data indicated a predominant decrease in the activity of the "high-frequency" parvo system, which manifests itself in a perception disorder and the abnormality of processing of small images and their details. Also, we obtained data in patients with schizophrenia that signifies an abnormality of the involuntary classification of images of objects of animate and inanimate nature. The obtained result is important for the understanding of the features of visual information processing in patients with schizophrenia in the early stages of the disease and the development of methods of cognitive impairments measuring.
Values as a Psychological Resource of Students in Russia and Kazakhstan Coping with the Fear of COVID-19
Authors: Gritsenko V.V. , Reznik A.D. , Isralowitz R. , Konstantinov V.V. , Guzhva I.V.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to exploring the resource potential of values for coping with the fear of COVID-19 and negative psychological and emotional states in a cross-cultural context. The study involved 2,310 Russian and 500 Kazakhstan students (71.2% - girls, average age 19.7 years). It is found that with the moderate level of fear among the majority of students the proportion of Kazakhstan students experiencing depression, exhaustion and nervousness due to coronavirus over the past month is less than the proportion of Russian students, which is explained by the greater orientation of traditional Kazakhstan culture towards mutual dependence and support in difficult life situations. It is established that value orientation Openness to change, regardless of the country of residence, is accompanied by lower fear scores before COVID-19 and the absence of negative psychological and emotional states, while the focus on Conservation values is accompanied by higher indicators of fear and the presence of these psychological and emotional states. It is shown that the fear of COVID-19 encourages both Russian and Kazakhstan students to take more responsible attitude towards their own health and the health of others, to suppress their socially destructive tendencies and limit actions that harm others. It is concluded that the actualization of conservative values and the suppression of self-oriented hedonistic goals can be a psychological resource of the individual, which contributes to coping with fear and negative psychological and emotional states caused by the stressful impact of COVID-19.
Validity of the Technique for the Concealed Information Revealing Based on the Registration of Heart Rate during Polygraph Testing
Authors: Uchaev A.V. , Apanovich V.V.
Published: September 2023

The construction of the integral model of polygraph testing implies the disclosure of a method that will be valid on the task of identifying the fact of information concealment. The aim of this study was to verify the criterion validity of polygraph testing method based on the registration of a person's heart rate with the use of a block test. The experiment was carried out in two series, where the examinees concealed autobiographical information, chosen according to the instruction (lie according to the instruction, 1st series), or at their own request (lie for the purpose of deception, 2nd series). The participants in the experiment (40 people in each part) were people undergoing the real polygraph testing, which increased the environmental validity of the experiment. We used indicators that reflect different systems of heart rate regulation and are observed for different types of mathematical calculation, which made it possible to take into account their interindividual variability. Based on the results of the study, the model based on the interpretation of heart rate indicators in the framework of the system-evolutionary approach was developed with a lie detection efficiency of 74.5%.
The Relations of Constructs Measured by the Boyko Empathy Questionnaire and the EmIn Questionnaire
Authors: Zhegallo A.V. , Basiul I.A. , Vlasov A.V.
Published: September 2023

A comparison was made between each other at the level of subscales of the Boyko empathy questionnaire and the EmIn questionnaire. Additionally, the subscales of the questionnaires were compared with the results of the genetic analysis of COMT, DRD4, 5HTR2A. It is shown that the subscales of the questionnaires are mutually complementary. The revealed relationships of gene polymorphism with a number of subscales of both the Boyko empathy questionnaire and the EmIn questionnaire as a whole do not contradict existing data on the mechanisms in the regulation of which the studied genes are involved. At the same time, empathy, as measured by Boyko's questionnaire, is obviously not a monolithic construct. We believe that the final indicator of EEI, measured by the EmIn questionnaire, should also not be considered as a monolithic construct.
Problems of the Presence of Different Groups of Road Users in the Same Traffic Environment
Authors: Nikolayeva L.V.
Published: September 2023

The article presents an overview of foreign studies of the road transport environment from the point of view of relations between different groups of its participants: drivers, cyclists, motorcyclists, users of electric scooters. It is shown how these relations are related to ideas about inequality in road traffic, marginality or even illegitimacy of some participants, with the problem of alienation and the emergence of intergroup effects (group favoritism, etc.). The consequence of ideas about groups as “road minorities” can lead to such percepts as “blindness of inattention”, affecting safety in this environment, and increased aggression towards “others”. A number of studies also help to understand the difference in attitudes towards familiar and new road users. Road sharing causes stress not only for those who are classified as vulnerable road traffic rules, but also for motorists. The tolerance of road users towards each other can be increased through the experience of using different vehicles. Such experiences develop reflexivity and, in general, should contribute to improving the safety of movement of different groups in mixed flow conditions.
Features of Sport Achievement Motivation in Youth Football Players
Authors: Fomichenko A.S. , Ivanov N.S.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the review of foreign publications on peculiarities of achievement motivation in young football players. Sport motivation is examined within the framework of the theory of self-determination. External and internal motivations and their typical for teenage players forms are highlighted. The review denotes that motivation varies depending on the age and skills of juniors, becoming less autonomous in early adolescence, and more autonomous as skills are acquired. The importance of the influence of social agents (parents, peers, coach) on the formation and increase of the level of internal motivation of football players is demonstrated. There is a connection between the motivational climate, encouraged by the coach and parents, and getting pleasure from training and competitions, the formation of perseverance and purposefulness, as well as efficiency in setting goals and completing tasks. The importance of age-related psychological and physiological characteristics of players is also emphasized, since the use of only external stimuli (punishment and encouragement) instead of the development of internal motivation can lead to negative consequences and unwillingness to engage in this sport in the future. The conclusion is made about the importance of a comprehensive study of motivationally significant influence on the part of coaches, parents and peers at different stages of age development of young football players.
The Nameability Effect and its Importance for Category Learning
Authors: Abaltusov E.D. , Afonin M.D. , Kotova T.N. , Kotov A.A.
Published: September 2023

In this review, a new and important nameability effect — the effect of the ease of naming parts of objects on categorical learning — is discussed: new categories are more easily learned when the related objects consist of easy-to-name parts. Although the effect has only recently been described, studies have revealed its importance not only for understanding the nature of category learning, but also for research on the mechanisms of categorization, memory, and cognitive development in general. The origins of the nameability effect, methods of measuring it, and limitations in its manifestation related to task type and category type were also reviewed. Part of the review contains a description of the study of age-specific regularities of the nameability effect and the specifics of its use in adult-guided learning. The nameability effect is compared to the memorability of the stimulus. It is assumed that the nameability can correlate not only with memorability, but alsocausally determine the degree of ease of memorizing stimuli. It is emphasized that higher memorability can be an important factor in categorical learning. It seems important in the future to study the contribution of verbalization processes to the effect of memorability and categorical learning at the same time. The main conclusion of the review is that the nameability effect is an important factor in the success of categorical learning in adults and children from a certain age. This effect needs to be taken into account both in explaining the regularities of learning and in designing the material, for example, by assessing it for the level of nameability.
Current Foreign Studies of Professional Burnout in Teachers
Authors: Kochetkov N.V. , Marinova T.Y. , Orlov V.A. , Raskhodchikova M.N. , Haymovskaya N.A.
Published: September 2023

The article is aimed at the analysis of modern foreign publications devoted to the professional burnout of school teachers. It was shown that the vector of research by psychologists is focused at studying the current level of teacher burnout, various correlates of burnout, the impact of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on this process, as well as the prophylaxis and prevention of burnout. It can be argued that the globally recognized approach to burnout is the approach of K. Maslak, and the theory that is gaining popularity in terms of which teachers’ burnout is explained as the theory of “work requirements and resources”. Based on empirical data, it can be stated that the prevalence of burnout among teachers is up to 30%, and the average percentage of high burnout is about 10%. One of the most significant factors of burnout is thought to be the behavior of students, as well as bureaucracy. Also, the key factors influencing burnout include self-efficacy, social support, feedback from the subjects of the educational process, emotional work, lack of opportunity to learn and make decisions independently. At the same time, the inconsistency of the available empirical data is notable, which can be explained by the difference in the applied methodology and research methods. Among the methods of practical work with the phenomenon of professional burnout, there are those that are based on the practices of awareness and the cognitive-behavioral approach.
«The Kingdom of Beauty»: Abkhazia in the Memoirs and Visual Arts Materials of the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library
Authors: Krutova M.S.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of little-known textual and pictorial materials with views of Abkhazia. The object of the research is the pictorial materials stored in the collection of the RSL Department of Manuscripts, the subject is drawings of coastal, mountain and urban landscapes of Abkhazia. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that it introduces into scientific circulation, systematizes and comments on previously unpublished drawings with views of Abkhazia. Among the authors of drawings as professional artists of the second half of the XIX — beginning of the XX century (Zakhar Afanasievich Chuev, Mikhail Ilyich Bocharov, Alexander Alexandrovich Kiselyov), as well as amateurs who knew the technique of drawing well (Minister of War Dmitry Alexandrovich Milyutin). The revealed materials are analyzed using descriptive, biographical, comparative-historical and artistic-stylistic methods. It is concluded that the presented material expands the ideas of the authors who addressed the topic of the Caucasus. If professional artists tried to show the unusual beauty of the Caucasus and Abkhazia and capture those places that caused a special response in their soul, as well as convey their emotional feelings and experiences, then for an amateur artist D.A. Milyutin, in addition, drawings were necessary as illustrations for information about his official activities. The materials with views of Abkhazia identified in the Department of Manuscripts have practical value for a wide range of researchers studying the history and culture of Abkhazia. Further study of these materials opens up prospects for biographical, artistic-stylistic, figurative-artistic analysis for those researchers who study the creative and life path of the artists discussed in this article. The material will also be useful to philologists who draw parallels between works of verbal and visual art.